Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deposited in DRO : 02 December 2016 Version of attached le : Published Version Peer-review status of attached

Citation for published item: de Lucas, Miguel and Pu, Li and Turco, Gina Marie and Gaudinier, Allie and Marao, Ana Karina and Hiroshima, Hirofumi and Kim, Dahae and Ron, Mily and Sugimoto, Keiko and Roudier, Francois M. and Brady, Siobhan M. (2016) 'Transcriptional regulation of Arabidopsis Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 coordinates cell type proliferation and di erentiation. ', Plant cell. , 28 (10). pp. 2616-2631.
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEXUALLY MATURE BLUE SWIMMER CRAB (Portunus pelagicus, Linnaeus 1758) IN THE MERSIN BAY

The objective of the present study was to determine chemical composition of carapace meat of male and female mature blue swimmer crabs, Portunus pelagicus, caught in the Mersin Bay. The levels of protein ranged from 20.75% to 23.44%, lipid from 1.13% to 1.43%, and water from 73.31% to 76.04%, total mineral substance (TMS) from 1.81% to 2.10% for blue swim-mer crabs. Statistically, carapace meat of female blue swimmer crabs had higher protein level, and lower lipid, water and TMS levels than those of the male (p0.05). Besides, statistically, there were significant differences in palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, arachi-donic acid, EPA and DHA levels in carapace meat of male and female blue swimmer crabs (P0.05). EPA levels of female blue swimmer crabs (21.09%) were higher than male blue swimmer crabs (20.56%). Furthermore, DHA levels of male blue swimmer crabs (14.57%) were higher than female ble swimmer crabs (12.41%). The PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 was de-tected as 1.77, 0.28 for female blue swimmer crabs whereas it was 1.82, 0.27 for male blue swimmer crabs, respectively. In the present study, it was observed that carapace meat of blue swimmer crabs were contaminated with Cu and Zn.
Preliminary results on genetic tracking of the Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) individuals in the Malá Fatra National Park (Slovakia)

In this study, we extended the analysis of genetic diversity of the Slovakian brown bear using data from four mitochondrial microsatellite loci. Relatively high levels of genetic heterozygosity was found in the West Carpathian bears. The levels of observed heteroyzgosity ranged from 0.63 to 0.73. Mitochondrial DNA diversity revealed relatively high levels of genetic variation comparable to Scandinavian and North America brown bears. Non-invasive tracking of bears in North Slovakia revealed that current censuses of bears are probably overestimated.
Determination of the minimum population size for ex situ conservation of water-shield (Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmelin) inferred from AFLP analysis

Determination of the minimum population size is an important component for the ex situ conservation of an endangered species. Here, we present the identification of collection strategies that most efficiently captured the genetic diversity of Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmelin (water-shield) in natural populations from the mainland (MGC) and Jeju Island (JNS) of South Korea, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 313 and 383 polymorphic bands were detected in the MGC and JNS populations, respectively. All of the 140 sampled ramets were distinguishable by the presence of distinct AFLP phenotypes. According to the simulation of the individual sampling by maximization sampling, 25 and 28 individuals captured all of the genetic diversity in the MGC population (mainland of South Korea) and the JNS population (Jeju Island), respectively. The level of genetic diversity of the core collections was similar to the entire collection, indicating that the core collections very well represent the diversity of the entire collection. We therefore suggest a management unit of B. schreberi based on the genetic information for assessing the minimum population size for its ex situ conservation.
The Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Airlines in China

In recent years, the airlines industry develops pretty fast. However, the profit of airlines does not match with the inputs. So the purpose of this paper is that evaluating how serious the problem is by measuring the technical efficiency of airlines in China with the Stochastic Frontier Analysis. We choose 6 airlines as the research samples due to their 86.68% market shares. After that we build a Cobb-Douglas production function regression model and measure the technical efficiency. The results are as follows: the technical efficiency of airlines in China by SFA and find out the average of it is in a medium level. However, the different airlines show different technical efficiency: the large airlines have higher technical efficiency but less increasing rate of technical efficiency than the small ones. Besides, the airline industry shows decreasing returns to scale, which means the output does not match the level of inputs. Finally, there is an inputs adding order to increase the outputcapital, fuel and labor. KeywordsTechnical Efficiency; Airlines; SFA; Cobb-Douglas; Regression Analysis (key words)
Stress transfer among en echelon and opposing thrusts and tear faults: Triggering caused by the 2003 Mw = 6.9 Zemmouri, Algeria, earthquake

Stress transfer among en echelon and opposing thrusts and tear faults: Triggering caused by the 2003 M w = 6.9 Zemmouri, Algeria, earthquake [1] The essential features of stress interaction among earthquakes on en echelon thrusts and tear faults were investigated, first through idealized examples and then by study of thrust faulting in Algeria. We calculated coseismic stress changes caused by the 2003 M w = 6.9 Zemmouri earthquake, finding that a large majority of the Zemmouri afterslip sites were brought several bars closer to Coulomb failure by the coseismic stresses, while the majority of aftershock nodal planes were brought closer to failure by an average of ∼2 bars. Further, we calculated that the shallow portions of the adjacent Thenia tear fault, which sustained ∼0.25 m slip, were brought >2 bars closer to failure. We calculated that the Coulomb stress increased by 1.5 bars on the deeper portions of the adjacent Boumerdes thrust, which lies just 10–20 km from the city of Algiers; both the Boumerdes and Thenia faults were illuminated by aftershocks. Over the next 6 years, the entire south dipping thrust system extending 80 km to the southwest experienced an increased rate of seismicity. The stress also increased by 0.4 bar on the east Sahel thrust fault west of the Zemmouri rupture. Algiers suffered large damaging earthquakes in A.D. 1365 and 1716 and is today home to 3 million people. If these shocks occurred on the east Sahel fault and if it has a ∼2 mm/yr tectonic loading rate, then enough loading has accumulated to produce a M w = 6.6–6.9 shock today. Thus, these potentially lethal faults need better understanding of their slip rate and earthquake history. among en echelon and opposing thrusts and tear faults: Triggering caused by the 2003 M w = 6.9 Zemmouri, Algeria, earthquake,
Impairment of the myocardial desmin cytoskeleton and mitochondria alterations in heart diseases

This study was aimed to determine the effect of desmin expression on changes of mitochondria number and morphology. Endomyocardial biopsy samples obtained from myocardial right ventricle for diagnostic reasons from 33 pts with determined finally heart disease as myocarditis (MC), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with class NYHA II and III and from right atrium of 14 pts with myocardial septal defect with LV-RV systolic pressure gradient 21–64 mmHg (VSD I) and 67–97 mmHg (VSD II) were investigated by desmin immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. The study revealed desmin expression presence: normal (type I), increased with normal distribution corresponding with Z lines arrangement and intercalated discs (type IIA) or increased as aggregates in perinuclear or perimembranous area in granular-like form (type IIB) in MC and DCM hearts. Desmin type IIA correlated with the presence of cardiomyocytes with normal ultrastructure but exhibiting increased number of varied morphology and size mitochondria in perinuclear area, while desmin type IIB with these containing remnants of myofilaments and numerous mitochondria non differentiated in shape and size. Among VSD hearts desmin type IIB and mitochondria non differentiated morphologically and often swollen were present in hearts VSD I. We discuss the desmin cytoskeleton expression type IIA and numerous varied mitochondria as compensative to some injury of contractile apparatus, while IIB and lost of mitochondria heterogeneity as morphological correlates with unfavorable disease progression.
Frequency specific network effective connectivity: ERP analysis of recognition memory process by directed connectivity estimators

Various processes occur in memory retrieval in recognition memory and it is necessary to investigate memory brain function. Most of the research in past decades have focused on particular brain region function, but the interaction between these has a major role in human cognition. In this study, we used the memory retrieval task to investigate the underlying mechanism of recognition memory. The connectivity between brain regions is estimated from scalp electroencephalography signals that were recorded from twenty-three healthy subject participated in recognition memory task to correctly classify old/new words. Multivariate autoregressive models (MVAR) are used for the determination of Granger causality to estimate the effective connectivity in the time-frequency domain. We use GPDC and dDTF methods because they have almost resolved the previous problems in estimations. Results show that brain regions in the old condition have greater global connectivity in the theta and gamma band compared to the new words retrieval. Connectivity within and between the brain’s hemisphere may be related to correct rejection. The left frontal has a crucial role in recollection. theta and gamma specific connectivity pattern between temporal, parietal and frontal cortex may disclose the retrieval mechanism. old/new comparison resulted in the different patterns of network connection. These results and other evidence emphasize the role of frequency of causal network interactions in the memory process.
Unique multiple paternity in the endangered big‐headed turtle (Platysternon megacephalum) in an ex situ population in South China

Abstract Understanding the mating system and reproductive strategies of an endangered species is critical to the success of captive breeding. The big‐headed turtle (Platysternon megacephalum) is one of the most threatened turtle species in the world. Captive breeding and reintroduction are necessary to re‐establish wild populations of P. megacephalum in some of its historical ranges in China, where the original populations have been extirpated. However, the captive breeding of P. megacephalum is very difficult and this may be due to its mysterious reproductive strategies and special behavior (e.g., aggressive temperament and territoriality). In this study, we achieved successful captive breeding of P. megacephalum by creating a habitat that mimics natural conditions and then investigated its mating system using microsatellite makers. A total of 16 clutches containing 79 eggs of P. megacephalum were collected, and 52 were hatched successfully over two breeding seasons. Of the 15 effective clutches, 6 clutches (40%) exhibited multiple paternity. There was no significant correlation between clutch size and multiple paternity, and no significant difference in hatching success between multiple‐sired and single‐sired clutches. However, there was significant correlation between male body size and the number of offspring, with higher‐ranked males contributing to more clutches. Our results provide the first evidence of multiple paternity and male hierarchy in P. megacephalum. These findings suggest that multiple paternity and male hierarchy should be considered in captive breeding programs for P. megacephalum, and creating a habitat that mimics natural conditions is an effctive way to achieve successful captive breeding and investigate the mating systems of this species.
Traffic Engineering And Supporting QoS

T raffic Engineering describes techniques for optimising network performance by measuring, modelling, characterizing and controlling Internet traffic for specific performance goals [11]. This is a comprehensive definition. Traffic engineering performance goals typically fall into one of two categories. The first one is traffic related performance objectives such as minimizing packet loss, lowering end-to-end delay, or supporting a contracted Service Level Agreement (SLA). The second category is efficiency related objectives, such as balancing the distribution of traffic across available bandwidth resources. Traffic related performance goals are set in order to meet contracted service levels and offer competitive services to customers. Efficiency related goals, are required by the service provider to minimize the cost of delivering services, especially the cost of utilizing expensive network resources. The objective of this thesis is to present a description of Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) architecture and its functionality to achieve a tool for performing traffic engineering and QoS support. We simulate traffic engineering with MPLS on a simple network and measure its performance. We analyse measurements related to queuing delay, throughput and other traffic related issues. We then move on finetuning the MPLS-TE network to also take into consideration QoS support when aggregating flows through a single labelswitching path. We combine differentiated services with MPLS architecture in order to support QoS requirements. The simulation tool used in this thesis is called OPNET Modeler version 8.1. 1 OPNET Modeler 8.1 is a network simulation tool  OPNET Technologies Inc.
Phylogenetic Origin of Primary and Secondary Metabolic Pathway Genes Revealed by C. maxima and C. reticulata Diagnostic SNPs

Modern cultivated Citrus species and varieties result from interspecific hybridization between four ancestral taxa. Among them, Citrus maxima and Citrus reticulata, closely associated with the pummelo and mandarin horticultural groups, respectively, were particularly important as the progenitors of sour and sweet oranges (Citrus aurantium and Citrus sinensis), grapefruits (Citrus paradisi), and hybrid types resulting from modern breeding programs (tangors, tangelos, and orangelos). The differentiation between the four ancestral taxa and the phylogenomic structure of modern varieties widely drive the phenotypic diversity’s organization. In particular, strong phenotypic differences exist in the coloration and sweetness and represent important criteria for breeders. In this context, focusing on the genes of the sugar, carotenoid, and chlorophyll biosynthesis pathways, the aim of this work was to develop a set of diagnostic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to distinguish the ancestral haplotypes of C. maxima and C. reticulata and to provide information at the intraspecific diversity level (within C. reticulata or C. maxima). In silico analysis allowed the identification of 3,347 SNPs from selected genes. Among them, 1,024 were detected as potential differentiation markers between C. reticulata and C. maxima. A total of 115 SNPs were successfully developed using a competitive PCR technology. Their transferability among all Citrus species and the true citrus genera was very good, with only 0.87% of missing data. The ancestral alleles of the SNPs were identified, and we validated the usefulness of the developed markers for tracing the ancestral haplotype in large germplasm collections and sexually recombined progeny issued from the C. reticulata/C. maxima admixture gene pool. These markers will pave the way for targeted association studies based on ancestral haplotypes.
Global, direct and diffuse radiation measurements at ground by the new environmental station of the University of Rome Tor Vergata

Climate change issues as well as effective deployment of renewable energy technologies require high time and space resolution and absolute accuracy of broad band and spectral solar radiation measurements at the earth’s surface. However the sparse distribution of data in space and time often leads to the use of modeled solar radiation for engineering applications. In this framework it is often desirable to deal with the separate direct and diffuse components of the solar radiation especially when errors of the order of 20% 30% on the radiation estimation arise from using average values or when the separate components data are generated by a merely statistical approach. On the contrary, the use of the separate components requires to check the congruence of the two separate data. Recently the observed systematic disagreement between measured and modeled solar radiation values has opened a deep debate on the effective accuracy of radiation measurements and many studies have been carried out to validate broad band solar radiation measurements. Data comparisons have been presented in the literature (Bush and Valero, 1999; Bush et al., 1999; Myers, 2003) together with some papers outlining the influence of a thermal offset originated by the IR radiation exchange within the instrument (pyranometer) used to measure broad band solar radiation (Bush et al., 2000; Haeffelin et al., 2001; Dutton et al., 2001) and of the uncertainty related to its directional response. Some authors showed that the latter can be greatly alleviated by measuring the global down-welling solar flux as the sum of the direct and diffuse components measured by two separate instruments, a pyrheliometer and a shaded pyranometer respectively (Bush and Valero, 1999). The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the new weather and solar station mounted at the University of Rome Tor Vergata in July 2003 for renewable energy applications and to characterize their solar radiation instruments having in mind the above mentioned discussion.
Financial Harmonization and Industrial Growth : Evidence from the European Union

This study analyzes the growth effects of the Financial Services Action Plan of the European Commission, a set of directives that aim to harmonize European financial markets. Using a panel of 25 countries and 30 industries, we find that the standard specification predicts lower growth due to harmonization, though the negative effect is mitigated for industries that depend more on external finance. Controlling for the relative timing of the adoption, harmonization is shown to have a positive effect on growth. This finding is robust to including further controls, to splitting the sample into subgroups of countries, and to extending the model to a dynamic setting.
Influence on wind shear and turbulence in flow over obstacles

A wind tunnel study of speed-up effects above the very crest of a sharp-edged escarpment and a hill peak in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer has been carried out. It was desired to do a part-depth simulation of an atmospheric boundary that could be found above sea or coastal area exposed to the open sea. Because of the limited work section length it was used a modified roughness, barrier and mixing-device method developed by Counihan to accelerate the boundary layer growth. The mean velocity, integral length scales, power spectrum and turbulence intensity in the simulated boundary layer were compared with full scale empirical data. It showed good agreement except for the turbulence intensity which was too low. Speed-up effects for the mean horizontal velocity and the longitudinal turbulence intensity above the very crest of an escarpment and a hill peak were investigated in the simulated atmospheric boundary layer. From the results it was observed that the speed-up effect gave a decrease in the turbulence intensity and a more uniform profile with height. In addition, it was observed a considerably increase of the horizontal mean velocity in the lowest part of the atmospheric boundary layer. Scaled-up data from the wind tunnel experiment were compared with estimations from the Norwegian standard and potential flow with varying degree of agreement.
WEATHER VERBS SIFTED THROUGH A MOTION SIEVE

In cognitive frameworks a la Talmy, the weather verb 'to rain' has been analyzed repeatedly as a motion verb incorporating the figure 'rain' in the verb root. In this contribution we claim that weather verbs can indeed be analyzed as motion verbs, albeit with a very heterogeneous behavior with respect to the presence of the conceptual components figure and path. If 'rain' involves one single figure and path, other weather verbs may involve no or several figures and paths. However, they consistently express manner, both in atmospheric and metaphorical contexts. Despite their conceptual structure as motion verbs, cross-linguistic differences in the availability of weather verbs in Russian and several Romance and West-Germanic languages cannot be accounted for through Talmy's classification of verb-framed and satellite-framed languages as French, Spanish, English and Dutch display a rather similar behavior compared to Russian. Nevertheless this classification is partly verified for weather verbs used metaphorically to express directional motion.
H2 accumulation and N2 fixation variation by Ni limitation in Cyanothece

Ni is an essential cofactor in NiFe‐uptake hydrogenase, an enzyme regulating H2 metabolism in diazotrophic cyanobacteria, the major H2 producers in the surface ocean globally. Here, we investigated the effect of Ni supply on H2 production and N2 fixation by using a model marine cyanobacterial diazotroph, Cyanothece. By mediating total dissolved Ni concentrations from 100 to 0.03 nmol L−1 in a trace metal‐defined culture medium, we demonstrated that Ni deficiency results in H2 accumulation, coupled with decreasing Ni quotas, growth rates, and occasionally relatively low N2 fixation rates. These results indicate that Ni deficiency limits the growth of the Cyanothece to some extent, considerably decreases H2 uptake by hydrogenase and leads to H2 accumulation and N2 fixation variation in the diazotroph. The findings show that Ni availability is a critical factor on controlling H2 production and N2 fixation in marine diazotrophic cyanobacteria. The information of Ni bioavailability for diazotrophic cyanobacteria is thus essential to evaluate the importance of Ni for H2 cycling and N2 fixation in oceanic surface waters.
DETERMINANTS OF YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT: A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE

The issue of the unemployment concerning the population aged between 15-24 years has represented an important subject of research, due to the multiple implications that such a problem propagates on both social and economic sphere. Through this paper we wanted to achieve an updated synthesis of the results of the studies undertaken at an international level treating the unemployment problem among the young population. For combating efficiently this imbalance, it is necessary to know its determinative factors. The studies undertaken along years identified determinative factors of different nature and, also, with a different gravity of influence on the modification of the unemployment rate. Among the most important determinative factors the specialty literature mentions: the demographic tendencies, the economic environment, the regulations concerning the work market and the educational system.