Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An ‘Open’ Method for 3D Modelling and Mapping in Underwater Archaeological Sites

Underwater photogrammetry is a difficult task by definition. When time limits are imposed on both acquisition and processing time, it becomes even more complicated. In addition when resources are limited and the main deliverable should be a complete 3D model, only a novel method may match the requirements. Under the aforementioned conditions, a new method using a combination of photogrammetry and computer vision techniques was utilised using open source software to face demands.
Designing and Implementing an Ontology for Logic and Linguistics

This article reports on the design and implementation of a domain-specific, manually built ontology, as a scaffolding for the electronic publication of and access to scientific handbooks. The ontology will provide access to the case study handbook (the Handbook of Logic and Language, van Benthem, J. and ter Meulen, A. (1997)) by means of semi-automatically detected links. The ontology's structure is given by a set of hierarchical relations plus two non-hierarchical relations introduced for navigational purposes. The main expected advantage of this way of providing access to the text consists in an enhanced browsing system, providing the user with an explicit map of the contents of the handbook. Moreover, by manually designing and populating the hierarchy, we expect a coherent representation of the domain and a good quality result. When designing and implementing the ontology, we put into practice some of the ideas and technologies already available from the Semantic Web. In the course of this study we describe the design and implementation of the ontology, and draw some preliminary conclusions about the feasibility of such an enterprise and its suitability to support reading in an electronic environment. Here we do not treat the issue of automatically generating links from the ontology to the text, which is currently a work in progress.
The Simple Scalability of Documents.

The relationship between scaling practice and scaling theory remains a controversial problem in Information Retrieval research and experimentation. This article reports a test of a general theory of scaling, i.e., Simple Scalability, applied to the stimulus domain of documents represented as abstracts. The significance of Simple Scalability is that it implies three important properties of scales: transitivity, substitutibility, and independence. The test results indicate that, with some reservations, this theory of scaling is applicable to documents. This finding is further applied to the construction of test collections for Information Retrieval research that could more sensitively measure retrieval system alterations through the use of documents scaled not merely by relevance, but rather, by preference. © 1990 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Improvements in the reliability and element quality of parallel tetrahedral mesh generation

The paper presents a parallel tetrahedral mesh generation approach based on recursive bidivisions using triangular surfaces. Research was conducted for addressing issues concerning mesh generation reliability and element quality. A novel procedure employing local modification techniques is proposed for repairing the intersecting interdomain mesh instead of directly repeating the bidivision procedure, which improves the robustness of the complete meshing procedure significantly. In addition, a new parallel quality improvement scheme is suggested for optimizing the distributed volume meshes. The scheme is free of any communication cost and highly efficient. Finally, mesh experiments of hundreds of millions of elements are performed to demonstrate the reliability, effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method and its potential applications to large‐scale simulations of complex aerodynamics models. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new geometric invariant to match regions within remote sensing images of different modalities

The use of several images of various modalities has been proved to be useful for solving problems arising in many different applications of remote sensing. The main reason is that each image of a given modality conveys its own part of specific information, which can be integrated into a single model in order to improve our knowledge on a given area. With the large amount of available data, any task of integration must be performed automatically. At the very first stage of an automated integration process, a rather direct problem arises : given a region of interest within a first image, the question is to find out its equivalent within a second image acquired over the same scene but with a different modality. This problem is difficult because the decision to match two regions must rely on the common part of information supported by the two images, even if their modalities are quite different. In this paper, we propose a new method to address this problem.
CRL at Japanese dictionary-based task of SENSEVAL-2 : Comparison of various types of machine learning methods and features in Japanese word sense disambriguation

本稿では, 2001年に行なわれたSENSEVAL2コンテストの日本語辞書タスクでのわれわれの取り組みについて述べる. われわれは機械学習手法を用いるアプローチを採用した. この研究では数多くの機械学習手法と素性を比較検討し用いている. コンテストには, 我々は, サポートベクトルマシン法, シンプルベイズ法, またそれらの組み合わせのシステム工つの合計4システムを提出し, 組合わせシステムが参加システム中もっとも高い精度 (0.786) を得た. コンテストの後, シンプルベイズ法で用いていたパラメータを調節したところさらに高い精度を得た. 現在もっとも性能の高いシステムは二つのシンプルベイズ法を組み合わせたシステムであり, その精度は0. 793である. また, 本稿では素性を変更した実験もいくつか追加で行ない, 各素性の有効性, 特徴を調査した. その調査結果では文字列素性のみを用いても比較的高い精度が得られるなどの興味深い知見が得られている. また, 関連文献も紹介し, 今後の多義解消の研究のための有益な情報を提供した.
Beyond Fun and Games: A Framework for Quantifying Music Skill Developments from Video Game Play

Abstract Music-driven video games have become a popular recreational activity, but the extent to which they promote musical skill development has had little direct study. This project presents a framework for evaluating how core musical skills are impacted by playing rhythm games; games wherein players imitate and recreate a layer in a song by following visual prompts (simplified scrolling) and sound cues (the music itself and game-error sounds). Our pilot study of first-year university students (N = 20 within gamer and non-gamer cohorts) observed nine weeks of routine music game play, including pre- and post-assessments using both quantitative tests and qualitative surveys of music education and gaming habits. Among our pilot sample's initial results, quantitative data analysis suggests learning advantages among gamers over non-gamers only in visual tracking tasks of musical prompts, such as pseudo-notation cues similar to those in the games. Qualitative survey responses bolster the evidence of selective visual learning. With preliminary results warranting further study, we offer practical considerations for refinement of these methods within these or similar game-related music skill inquiries.
A new motion-adaptive video processing system for TV receivers and VCRs

A cost-effective motion-adaptive video processing system was developed for luma/chroma separation and frame recursive noise reduction, using only a 2-Mbit frame memory. The problem of aliasing due to subsampling and the problem of waveform deterioration due to band restriction were solved, and a method of chroma motion detection using interframe difference signals was developed. Therefore, the required frame memory capacity can be reduced without a performance compromise. The video processing part of this system was produced as a single-chip digital LSI and was installed in a home-use S-VHS format VCR. The result was improved picture quality for VCR recording and playback. >
On the need for domain communication knowledge

Much research in text planning has been oriented towards identifying the rhetorical component of communication knowledge that allows for the structuring of coherent multi‐sentential or even multi‐paragraph text. However, several researchers have recently found rhetoric‐based top‐down approaches to be inadequate for their particular needs. In this paper, we explore the issue by introducing the concept of “domain communication knowledge” as a new analytical tool. By analyzing two existing rhetoric‐based text planners, and by closely analyzing a particular genre, namely reports, we conclude that domain‐specific knowledge about communication is pervasive and should be represented explicitly for the text planning task.
A methodological note on pitfalls in usability testing

Abstract Although usability testing may be a well accepted and widely practised component of the commercial software development process, improper application of testing techniques may lead to poorly designed software. The present paper discusses a number of potential problems which designers may face in the process of conducting usability tests on their products. These problems may include difficulties in sampling, methodological problems in planning and conducting tests, validity and reliability of obtained measures, and misinterpretation of results. A number of suggestions to avoid or lessen the impact of these problems are also discussed.
Information server for bus operators

TUTPIS is a large-scale information system being developed for companies that provide public transport services and their customers. TUTPIS is targeted for national services, concerning taxis, buses, and trains as the main means of conveyance. This paper presents the functionality and implementation of a TUTPIS server targeted for bus operators. The server receives real-time information through cellular data network from active buses, processes the received data, and produces different types of reports for TUTPIS users. An operational TUTPIS server has been implemented. The implementation is made on Linux PCs using the Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE). The TUTPIS server has been evaluated in practice with a limited number of buses in Finland during the fall 2002. In addition, performance testing has been carried out to find out the capacity of TUTPIS platform. These tests have shown that the server provides adequate performance for TUTPIS services. The server development continues by extended functionality for both bus operators and passengers.
The reproduction of colour

The package comprises a plurality of metal/polymer laminates whereby electronic components or functional units may be directly attached or plugged into laminated elements to form a unitary package. An element or thermal transposer is included in the package to minimize thermal expansion mismatch between the components and the laminates and conduct thermal energy away from the attached electronic components. The polymer laminates are selected to have a configuration and thermal coefficient of expansion (TCE) that will permit the insertion and locking of materials within the laminates to form the unitary package. A wide variety of components and functional units having different electrical, thermal characteristics may be included in the package. The package is amenable to mass production processes that may be controlled by a designer to obtain packages at a low cost, more flexibility and suitable for complex electronics system.
Adaptive prediction: a sequential approach to forecasting and estimation of nonstationary environmental systems

The interplay between prediction and estimation is crucial in adaptive prediction problems. In its general form, the adaptive prediction problem is a difficult multiperiod optimization problem and thus too complex for practical applications. By minimizing the one‐step‐ahead forecasting error, subject to a constraint on the (weighted) trace of the inverse on the one‐step‐ahead information matrix we arrive at a very simple approach, which should be interesting for more complex situations also. In the context suggesting the problem, a pollution dispersion model with time‐varying parameters is considered, and the target is to obtain a sensible and easily implementable adaptive predictor.
Analyzing near water surface penetration in laser bathymetry – A case study at the River Pielach

Recent developments in sensor technology yielded a major progress in airborne laser bathymetry for capturing shallow water bodies. Modern topo-bathymetric small foot print laser scanners do no longer use the primary near infrared (NIR) signal (=1064 nm) but only emit and receive the frequency doubled green signal (λ = 532 nm). For calculating correct water depths accurate knowledge of the water surface (air-water-interface) is mandatory for obtaining accurate spot positions and water depths. Due to the ability of the green signal to penetrate water the first reflections do not exactly represent the water surface but, depending on environmental parameters like turbidity, a certain penetration into the water column can be observed. This raises the question if it is even feasible to determine correct water level heights from the green laser echoes only. In this article, therefore, the near water surface penetration properties of the green laser signal are analyzed based on a test flight of the River Pielach (Austria) carried out with Riegl's VQ-820-G (532 nm) and VQ-580 (1064 nm) scanners mounted on the same airborne platform. It is shown that within the study area the mean penetration into the water column is in the range of 10–25 cm compared to the NIR signal as reference. However, as the upper hull of the green water surface echoes coincides with the NIR signal with cm-precision, it is still possible to derive water surface models from the green laser echoes only via statistical analysis of aggregated neighboring echoes and robustly keep the underestimation of the water level below 6 cm. This especially holds for still and stationary flowing water bodies.
Effective simulation techniques for biological systems

In this paper we give an overview of some very recent work on the stochastic simulation of systems involving chemical reactions. In many biological systems (such as genetic regulation and cellular dynamics) there is a mix between small numbers of key regulatory proteins, and medium and large numbers of molecules. In addition, it is important to be able to follow the trajectories of individual molecules by taking proper account of the randomness inherent in such a system. We describe different types of simulation techniques (including the stochastic simulation algorithm, Poisson Runge-Kutta methods and the Balanced Euler method) for treating simulations in the three different reaction regimes: slow, medium and fast. We then review some recent techniques on the treatment of coupled slow and fast reactions for stochastic chemical kinetics and discuss how novel computing implementations can enhance the performance of these simulations.
Detecting and monitoring change in models

System dynamics is often brought into connection with a double-loop learning process. Learning has been the object of an increasing number of studies. However, inquiry has focused on using models rather than modeling, and there are huge differences in assessment approaches. If learning changes models then it can be inferred from comparing models. Here it is argued that monitoring learning from modeling is feasible and desirable. One possibility is to conceive of a model as a series of versions and compare their structure. One possible method for comparing model versions is presented. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A branch-and-bound procedure for the multiple resource-constrained project scheduling problem

In this paper a branch-and-bound procedure is described for scheduling the activities of a project of the PERT/CPM variety subject to precedence and resource constraints where the objective is to minimize project duration. The procedure is based on a depth-first solution strategy in which nodes in the solution tree represent resource and precedence feasible partial schedules. Branches emanating from a parent node correspond to exhaustive and minimal combinations of activities, the delay of which resolves resource conflicts at each parent node. Precedence and resource-based bounds described in the paper are combined with new dominance pruning rules to rapidly fathom major portions of the solution tree. The procedure is programmed in the C language for use on both a mainframe and a personal computer. The procedure has been validated using a standard set of test problems with between 7 and 50 activities requiring up to three resource types each. Computational experience on a personal computer indicates that the procedure is 11.6 times faster than the most rapid solution procedure reported in the literature while requiring less computer storage. Moreover, problems requiring large amounts of computer time using existing approaches for solving this problem type are rapidly solved with our procedure using the dominance rules described, resulting in a significant reduction in the variability in solution times as well.
Measuring vocabulary diversity using dedicated software

This paper describes software (vocd) that implements a solution to problems encountered in quantifying vocabulary diversity. Researchers in various fields of linguistic enquiry have calculated vocabulary diversity using the ratio of different words (Types) to total words (Tokens)-the Type-Token Ratio (TTR)-or measures derived from it. Such measures are flawed, however, because the values obtained are related to the number of words in the sample. The paper shows how the relationship between TTR and sample size can be described by a new mathematical model, which in turn leads to an innovative method of measuring vocabulary diversity. The software automates measurement from transcripts prepared in a widely used computer-readable set of conventions: the CHAT format of the CHILDES project. Options in vocd are described to show how the user can determine which linguistic items will count as valid types and tokens in the analysis. The new measure is calculated by, first, randomly sampling words from the transcript to produce a curve of the TTR against Tokens for the empirical data. Then the software finds the best fit between this empirical curve and theoretical curves calculated from the model by adjusting the value of a parameter. The parameter, D, is shown to be a valid and reliable measure of vocabulary diversity without the problems of sample size found with previous methods.
A Real-Time and Effective Object Recognition and Localization Method

In this paper, we realize object recognition and localization in a real time based on appearance features of object. For object recognition, we proposed to use global feauture (color) of images, and with an improved color image segmentation algorithm to realize threshold segmentation based on pixels in the image’s HSV color model by using the tool OpenCV, so we can realize the special color object recognition. Further the object can be localized with the ground constrained method by using the camera perspective geometry model. In the lab conditions, we realized single color object recognition and localization by transplanting the algorithm into Amigobots mobile robot and proved this method is simple, effective and real-time.
Silicon‐nanocrystal‐based photosensor integrated on low‐temperature polysilicon panels

Abstract— A photodetector using a silicon‐nanocrystal layer sandwiched between two electrodes is proposed and demonstrated on a glass substrate fabricated by low‐temperature poly‐silicon (LTPS) technology. Through post excimer‐laser annealing (ELA) of silicon‐rich oxide films, silicon nanocrystals formed between the bottom metal and top indium thin oxide (ITO) layers exhibit good uniformity, reliable optical response, and tunable absorption spectrum. Due to the quantum confinement effect leading to enhanced phonon‐assisted excitation, these silicon nanocrystals, less than 10 nm in diameter, promote electron‐hole‐pair generation in the photo‐sensing region as a result resembling a direct‐gap transition. The desired optical absorption spectrum can be obtained by determining the thickness and silicon concentration of the deposited silicon‐rich oxide films as well as the power of post laser annealing. In addition to obtaining a photosensitivity comparable to that of the p‐i‐n photodiode currently used in LTPS technology, the silicon‐nanocrystal‐based photosensor provides an effective backlight shielding by the bottom electrode made of molybdenum (Mo). Having a higher temperature tolerance for both the dark current and optical responsibility and maximizing the photosensing area in a pixel circuit by adopting a stack structure, this novel photosensor can be a promising candidate for realizing an optical touch function on a LTPS panel.
Accurate camera calibration method specialized for virtual studios

Virtual studio is a popular technology for TV programs, that makes possible to synchronize computer graphics (CG) to realshot image in camera motion. Normally, the geometrical matching accuracy between CG and realshot image is not expected so much on real-time system, we sometimes compromise on directions, not to come out the problem. So we developed the hybrid camera calibration method and CG generating system to achieve the accurate geometrical matching of CG and realshot on virtual studio. Our calibration method is intended for the camera system on platform and tripod with rotary encoder, that can measure pan/tilt angles. To solve the camera model and initial pose, we enhanced the bundle adjustment algorithm to fit the camera model, using pan/tilt data as known parameters, and optimizing all other parameters invariant against pan/tilt value. This initialization yields high accurate camera position and orientation consistent with any pan/tilt values. Also we created CG generator implemented the lens distortion function with GPU programming. By applying the lens distortion parameters obtained by camera calibration process, we could get fair compositing results.
A new edge detection technique for SAR images with speckle

Edge detection in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is made more difficult by the presence of multiplicative noise, known as speckle. The technique presented in this paper compensates for the speckle, while detecting edges and other features, by using the known speckle statistics. It also has other advantages over conventional edge filters. Traditional edge detection filters look for differentials, either between or within fixed areas, centered on each pixel of the image. The technique described takes a different approach, by using the speckle statistics to define a homogeneous area around each pixel. The size of this typically irregular area defines the "connectedness" of each pixel, and is the output of this process. Pixels connected to large neighbourhoods usually belong to a smooth area, while those with few connections indicate edges or other features. This technique is insensitive to orientation or curvature in a feature, and sets the window size and shape adaptively, based on local conditions. Also, the data is not pre-filtered to remove speckle, as is generally required with other edge filters. A RADARSAT image is used to evaluate this new technique, in comparison with the commonly used Sobel edge filter, and results are presented.
Multi‐model Switching for Car Navigation Containing Low‐Grade IMU and GPS Receiver

This letter presents a filter for a car navigation system integrating a low‐grade inertial measurements unit (IMU) and a global positioning system receiver. The filter is designed according to the state variables to be estimated and the usable measurements. The usable measurements change from case to case, and the estimative state variables also change due to the measurements; therefore, multiple models must be used for real environmental maneuvers. In this letter, four models for land navigation are chosen and switched by rearranging the system matrix and resetting the error covariance matrices.