Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Profiling of β-Lactam Selectivity for Penicillin-Binding Proteins in Escherichia coli Strain DC2

ABSTRACT Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are integral players in bacterial cell division, and their catalytic activities can be monitored with β-lactam-containing chemical probes. Compounds that target a single PBP could provide important information about the specific role(s) of each enzyme, making identification of such molecules important. We evaluated 22 commercially available β-lactams for inhibition of the PBPs in live Escherichia coli strain DC2. Whole cells were titrated with β-lactam antibiotics and subsequently incubated with a fluorescent penicillin derivative, Bocillin-FL (Boc-FL), to label uninhibited PBPs. Protein visualization was accomplished by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) separation and fluorescent scanning. The examined β-lactams exhibited diverse PBP selectivities, with amdinocillin (mecillinam) showing selectivity for PBP2, aztreonam, piperacillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone for PBP3, and amoxicillin and cephalexin for PBP4. The remaining β-lactams did not block any PBPs in the DC2 strain of E. coli or inhibited more than one PBP at all examined concentrations in this Gram-negative organism.
Transfer Learning and Prediction Consistency for Detecting Offensive Spans of Text

Toxic span detection is the task of recognizing offensive spans in a text snippet. Although there has been prior work on classifying text snippets as offensive or not, the task of recognizing spans responsible for the toxicity of a text is not explored yet. In this work, we introduce a novel multi-task framework for toxic span detection in which the model seeks to simultaneously predict offensive words and opinion phrases to leverage their inter-dependencies and improve the performance. Moreover, we introduce a novel regularization mechanism to encourage the consistency of the model predictions across similar inputs for toxic span detection. Our extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model compared to strong baselines.
An Empirical study to understand the Compositional Prowess of Neural Dialog Models

In this work, we examine the problems associated with neural dialog models under the common theme of compositionality. Specifically, we investigate three manifestations of compositionality: (1) Productivity, (2) Substitutivity, and (3) Systematicity. These manifestations shed light on the generalization, syntactic robustness, and semantic capabilities of neural dialog models. We design probing experiments by perturbing the training data to study the above phenomenon. We make informative observations based on automated metrics and hope that this work increases research interest in understanding the capacity of these models.
Irony Detection for Dutch: a Venture into the Implicit

This paper presents the results of a replication experiment for automatic irony detection in Dutch social media text, investigating both a feature-based SVM classifier, as was done by Van Hee et al. (2017) and and a transformer-based approach. In addition to building a baseline model, an important goal of this research is to explore the implementation of common-sense knowledge in the form of implicit sentiment, as we strongly believe that common-sense and connotative knowledge are essential to the identification of irony and implicit meaning in tweets.We show promising results and the presented approach can provide a solid baseline and serve as a staging ground to build on in future experiments for irony detection in Dutch.
Effects of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness on Selected Physiological Responses to Submaximal Running

This study examined the effects of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) on selected physiological responses to sub-maximal exercise. Seven male and four female subjects (Ss) aged 21–37 years completed two submaximal running sessions at an individualized pace corresponding to a blood lactate concentration (bLa) of approximately 2.5 mmol × L-1. Following the first session (T1), Ss performed a series of lower extremity resistance exercises designed to induce DOMS. Subjects were then retested (T2) 24–30 hours later, during which time all Ss experienced DOMS. Oxygen uptake, heart rate (HR), respiratory exchange ratio, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and bLa were measured every 6 minutes. Significant trial effects (p < 0.05) were observed for HR and RPE. HR was significantly higher during T1 at minutes 6 and 12 (p < 0.05), and RPE values were significantly higher at T2 during all recording periods (p < 0.05). Results from this study suggest that DOMS does not affect submaximal oxygen uptake. However, DOMS does appear to affect one's perception of effort.
AR-KLT based Hand Tracking

This paper proposes a novel real-time robust hand tracking algorithm, integrating multi-cues, and a limb's degree of freedom. For this purpose, we construct a limb model and maintain the model obtained from KLT-AR methods with respect to second-order auto-regression model and Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) features, respectively. Furthermore, this method provides directivity of a target, enabling us to predict the next motion. Thus, we can develop a method of hand tracking for gesture and behavior recognition techniques frequently used in conjunction with human-robot interaction (HRI) components. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields a good performance in the intelligent service robots, so called Wever developed in ETRI
Transkimmer: Transformer Learns to Layer-wise Skim

Transformer architecture has become the de-facto model for many machine learning tasks from natural language processing and computer vision. As such, improving its computational efficiency becomes paramount. One of the major computational inefficiency of Transformer based models is that they spend the identical amount of computation throughout all layers. Prior works have proposed to augment the Transformer model with the capability of skimming tokens to improve its computational efficiency. However, they suffer from not having effectual and end-to-end optimization of the discrete skimming predictor. To address the above limitations, we propose the Transkimmer architecture, which learns to identify hidden state tokens that are not required by each layer. The skimmed tokens are then forwarded directly to the final output, thus reducing the computation of the successive layers. The key idea in Transkimmer is to add a parameterized predictor before each layer that learns to make the skimming decision. We also propose to adopt reparameterization trick and add skim loss for the end-to-end training of Transkimmer. Transkimmer achieves 10.97x average speedup on GLUE benchmark compared with vanilla BERT-base baseline with less than 1% accuracy degradation.
Life after BERT: What do Other Muppets Understand about Language?

Existing pre-trained transformer analysis works usually focus only on one or two model families at a time, overlooking the variability of the architecture and pre-training objectives. In our work, we utilize the oLMpics bench- mark and psycholinguistic probing datasets for a diverse set of 29 models including T5, BART, and ALBERT. Additionally, we adapt the oLMpics zero-shot setup for autoregres- sive models and evaluate GPT networks of different sizes. Our findings show that none of these models can resolve compositional questions in a zero-shot fashion, suggesting that this skill is not learnable using existing pre-training objectives. Furthermore, we find that global model decisions such as architecture, directionality, size of the dataset, and pre-training objective are not predictive of a model’s linguistic capabilities.
Studies on the dilution and storage of fowl semen.

Summary. Fowl semen was diluted :% and stored at o° to 2° C for 24 and 48 hr before insemination. The diluents were two modifications of a glutamate-containing saline solution calculated to have an osmotic pressure equivalent to 0-98 to 1 % sodium-chloride solution. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium and glutamate in the diluents were of the same order as those found in seminal plasma uncontaminated with cloacal gland fluid. Calcium was not added and the chloride concentration was low compared with undiluted seminal plasma. One modification of the diluent contained added fructose and the other was fructose-free. Pullets were inseminated with o-i ml of the diluted semen. The proportion of fertile eggs laid by all pullets during days 2 to 6 following insemination with semen stored for 24 and 48 hr in the solution con¬ taining fructose was 64 and 47 %, respectively. Fertility was significantly lower in pullets inseminated with semen stored in the fructose-free solution.
A NOTE ON THE RETURN BEHAVIOR OF HIGH RISK COMMON STOCKS

group containing the highest variance common stocks. ' In a similar vein, Soldofsky and Miller [14] constructed indices of the returns from six investment advisory service common stock quality classes over the 1951-1966 period. They found that the geometric mean annual return from the lowest grade of stocks was less than half the equivalent return from any of the less risky classes. A number of explanations have been offered for the poor performance of high risk stocks, most of which are somewhat ad hoc in nature. It has been variously suggested that this phenomenon is due to (1) the impact of an excessive number of investors with relatively limited risk aversion who are willing to accept high risk in exchange for high expected returns but, lacking access to the borrowing necessary to lever up the returns from lower risk stocks, seek out high risk stocks and bid down their returns [3, p. 53]; (2) the failure of conventional return measures to give appropriate consideration to the favored tax treatment of the capital gains component of returns which presumably is more important for lower quality stocks [3, p. 52]; and (3) the tendency of investors to be overly optimistic in appraising the potential performance of high risk common stocks [3, p. 54; 10, p. 350; 11, p. 238]. The purpose of this note is to suggest that the return behavior of high risk common stocks is at least consistent with the emphasis of Hicks [5, p. 125], Hirschleifer [6, p. 113], Arditti [1, 2] and others on the importance of higher moments of the distribution of returns in investor utility functions and hence in the determination of the structure of security yields.2
Lung Disease, Oxidative Stress, and Oxygen Requirements in Preterm Infants

Background: The role of oxidative stress remains unclear in the multifactorial pathophysiologic mechanism of lung disease in preterm infants. Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the associations among chronic lung disease (CLD), oxidative stress, and oxygen requirements in preterm infants. Design: Prospective, longitudinal, and correlational design. Subjects: Preterm infants born at <32 weeks’ gestation (N = 31), median gestation of 29.0 weeks (range 24.9–31.7). Measurements: The diagnosis of CLD was obtained from the medical record. Oxidative stress was measured using 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the cord blood at birth and urine on Days 1 and 7. Oxygen requirements were measured using fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) recorded in the first hour after birth/admission and the average FIO2 during the first 12 hr and 7 days after birth. Descriptive statistics are presented. Comparison analyses were performed using Kruskal–Wallis and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: Infants with CLD (n = 12) had lower gestational age (p = .04) and weight (p = .04) at birth, more days on the ventilator (p = .004), and longer neonatal intensive care unit stay (p = .04) compared to infants without CLD (n = 19). CLD was associated with lower oxidative stress levels (p = .03) and higher oxygen requirements during the first 12 hr (p = .025) and on Day 7 (p = .001). Lower oxidative stress levels on Day 7 were associated with higher oxygen requirements in the first 12 hr (p = .01) and on Day 7 (p = .03). Conclusion: Our results linking CLD and higher oxygen requirements with low oxidative stress contradict previous reports. Findings identify a gap in knowledge for postresuscitation oxygen therapy in preterm infants and expose the role of oxidative stress from inflammation and intermittent hypoxia in the etiology of CLD.
MAPEAMENTO GEOMORFOLÓGICO EM ESCALA DE SEMI-DETALHE E A FLEXIBILIZAÇÃO DE MANUAIS DE MAPEAMENTO: BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES A PARTIR DE UM ESTUDO DE CASO - SETOR SUBÚMIDO DO PLANALTO SEDIMENTAR DO ARARIPE/CE/BRASIL

Os estudos da cartografia geomorfologica envolvem problematicas sobre escala e estruturacao hierarquica, simbologia cartografica, propostas metodologicas e fatores que influenciam na formacao do relevo e que sao relevantes na representacao. Visto que nao ha uma metodologia unica e padronizada para o mapeamento geomorfologico, emergem varias inquietacoes relacionadas a conteudo do mapa, sua inteligibilidade, estrutura e simbologias empregadas. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir questoes de flexibilizacoes na cartografia geomorfologica analitica, apresentando como exemplo uma aplicacao numa area subumida dentro do semiarido brasileiro. Optou-se por aderir ao manual da UGI (Uniao Geografica Internacional). Foram mapeadas duas unidades morfoestruturais e dez unidades morfoesculturais. Ainda que este trabalho nao siga todos os parâmetros descritos no manual, como cores e padrao hierarquico, e importante te-lo como guia para universalizar algumas questoes basicas do mapa geomorfologico.
SSN@LT-EDI-ACL2022: Transfer Learning using BERT for Detecting Signs of Depression from Social Media Texts

Depression is one of the most common mentalissues faced by people. Detecting signs ofdepression early on can help in the treatmentand prevention of extreme outcomes like suicide.Since the advent of the internet, peoplehave felt more comfortable discussing topicslike depression online due to the anonymityit provides. This shared task has used datascraped from various social media sites andaims to develop models that detect signs andthe severity of depression effectively. In thispaper, we employ transfer learning by applyingenhanced BERT model trained for Wikipediadataset to the social media text and performtext classification. The model gives a F1-scoreof 63.8% which was reasonably better than theother competing models.
A FRAMEWORK FOR BUSINESS PROCESS SIMULATION: THE GRAB AND GLUE APPROACH

Simulation modelling is a powerful tool for problem understanding and problem solving. Constructing simulation models following the classical simulation modelling framework has disadvantage of being time consuming, hence making it expensive. Users can sometimes be reluctant to use simulation due to these reasons or implement simulation results. This paper proposes a new simulation approach that tackles the problem of time. For this purpose, this paper will start by reviewing a number of existing simulation modelling frameworks. From this analysis, we attempt to develop a simulation framework that deals with the question of time. The proposed simulation framework is supposed to enhance simulation results and reduce disadvantages related to cost and time.
T-DOF PI Controller Design for a Speed Control of Induction Motor

This paper presents design and implements the T-DOF PI controller design for a speed control of induction motor. The voltage source inverter type space vector pulse width modulation technique is used the drive system. This scheme leads to be able to adjust the speed of the motor by control the frequency and amplitude of the input voltage. The ratio of input stator voltage to frequency should be kept constant. The T-DOF PI controller design by root locus technique is also introduced to the system for regulates and tracking speed response. The experimental results in testing the 120 watt induction motor from no-load condition to rated condition show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. Keywords—PI controller, root locus technique, space vector pulse width modulation, induction motor.
Discovery and Development of Thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidinone Derivatives as General Inhibitors of Bcl‐2 Family Proteins

A class of compounds with a common thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidinone motif has been developed as general inhibitors of Bcl‐2 family proteins. The lead compound was originally identified in a random screening of a small compound library using a fluorescence polarization‐based competitive binding assay. Its binding to the Bcl‐xL protein was further confirmed by 15N‐HSQC NMR experiments. Structural modifications on the lead compound were guided by the outcomes of molecular modeling studies. Among the 42 compounds obtained, a number of them exhibited much improved binding affinities to Bcl‐2 family proteins as compared to the lead compound. The most potent compound, BCL‐LZH‐40, inhibited the binding of BH3 peptides to Bcl‐xL, Bcl‐2, and Mcl‐1 with inhibition constants (Ki) of 17, 534, and 200 nM, respectively.
Effects of Weight Loss on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide, affecting men, women, and children. This is due, in part, to the obesity epidemic, which is associated with increased prevalence of NAFLD. The NAFLD spectrum ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is the potentially progressive form. NAFLD is associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Treatment recommendations include weight reduction through both diet and physical activity, and weight-loss surgery for extreme obesity. Most medical regimens target components of the metabolic syndrome or oxidative stress associated with the pathogenesis of NASH. These include antiobesity regimens, insulin sensitizers, antihyperlipidemics, and antioxidants. Bariatric surgery is effective for achieving and maintaining weight loss and reversing the complications of metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, the literature lacks well-designed, randomized control trials that assess the efficacy of anti-obesity regimens on histologic and long-term outcomes of NAFLD.
Computational explanations for color transparency

A computational theory of color transparency for color images containing X-junctions is described. This theory is based on physical models of color transparency under conditions of additive or subtractive color mixture which describes the relationship among four different colors at an X-junction. Algorithms are derived for recovering transmittance of a transparent medium and reflectance of a surface behind the transparent medium from a set of sensor response at an X-junction. The algorithm is based on the ability to describe surface reflectance and transmittance using a linear combination of orthogonal basis functions.
Cooperative Control Technology with ITP Method for SCADA Systems

Introducing multi-agent (MA) technology into a SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system can improve the serviceability and enhance maintenance-free operation with the inter-terminal parameter (ITP) method. In addition, the system's distributed intelligent field terminals (IFTs) use a common algorithm that is unaffected by any changes to the system specifications. As a result of these innovations, the proposed system has much better serviceability because it is much easier to make modifications compared to that of conventional systems. This system has been implemented for practical purposes at over 60 sites.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Japanese ghost shrimp Nihonotrypaea japonica (Crustacea, Decapoda, Axiidea)

We determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence of the Japanese ghost shrimp Nihonotrypaea japonica (Ortmann 1891) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Axiidea). The N. japonica mt genome is first represented in infraorder Axiidea, which, together with infraorder Gebiidea, belonged to infraorder Thalassinidea until recently. The genome sequence of N. japonica is 15,274 bp in size, and the gene arrangement and transcriptional polarity are partially different from that of the Japanese mud shrimp, Upogebia major, which belongs to the infraorder Gebiidea. We present the mt genome of N. japonica, which could provide useful molecular information to construct a stable classification for infraorder Thalassinidea and to better understand the phylogenetic relationship of Thalassinidea with other decapod groups.
Induction of fatty acid synthetase synthesis in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

3T3-L1 preadipocytes, cloned from 3T3 mouse embryo fibroblasts, differentiate in monolayer culture into cells with morphological and biochemical characteristics of adipocytes. Deposition of cytoplasmic triglyceride is associated with an increased lipogenic rate and a coordinate rise in the activities of many lipogenic enzymes (Mackall, J.C., Student, A.K., Polakis, S.E., and Lane, M.D. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 6462-6464). During differentiation induced by a 48-h treatment of postconfluent cells with methylisobutylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin, fatty acid synthetase activity increased to a level 19.5-fold higher than that of undifferentiated 3T3-L1 cells or nondifferentiating 3T3-C2 cells. The rate of [3H]leucine incorporation into immunoadsorbable fatty acid synthetase rose to a maximum and then declined to a new level 12.5-fold higher in differentiated than in undifferentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The kinetics of the changing [3H]leucine incorporation rate was reflected in the kinetics of the rise in fatty acid synthetase activity. The rate of degradation of fatty acid synthetase, determined by pulse-chase experiments, was unaffected by differentiation, the t1/2 remaining constant at 1.4 days. It is concluded that the higher level of fatty acid synthetase activity in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells can be attributed entirely to an increased rate of enzyme synthesis. The rate of total cellular protein synthesis also increases early early in differentiation, lending support to a model in which the synthesis of a large number of "differentiated proteins" is coordinately induced.
Effect of common building materials in narrow shaped X-ray fields transmission

Diagnostic and interventional radiology, are an essential part of present day medical practice. Advances in X-ray imaging technology, together with developments in digital imaging have had a significant impact on the practice of radiology. This includes improvement in image quality, reduction in dose and a broader range of available applications resulting to better patient diagnosis and treatment. X-rays have the potential for damaging healthy cells and tissues, therefore all medical procedures employing X-ray equipment must be carefully managed. In all facilities and for all equipment types, procedures must be in place in order to ensure that exposures to patients, staff and the public are kept as low as reasonably achievable. Commonly used construction materials such as, ceramic tiles and plasterboards can provide a certain degree of protection against X-radiation. In this study, the secondary radiation transmission through common building materials is investigated, in the case of narrow shaped X-ray fields. Double plasterboard and double reinforced in thickness ceramic tile provided better radiation protection results.