Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Friction Compensation: A Review

High-precision motion control is highly desirable in process and industrial automation, including the domains of machine tools, ultra-precision spindles, micro-manufacturing, biotechnology, disk drive read/write mechanisms, air-bearing positioning stages, etc. However, their performances are limited by various nonlinear factors in the actuators behind the applications, such as friction, creep, force ripples, and hysteresis. In this paper, we focus on the friction compensation schemes, reviewing literature focusing on the intelligent designs of friction compensation in motion control systems. Different types of friction models, from simple to complex structures, are reviewed, followed by detailed discussions on the friction compensation schemes. Finally, we highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the methods in these two categories, and offer recommendations for possible research directions.
CuAl2 thin films as a low-resistivity interconnect material for advanced semiconductor devices

New interconnect materials that have a low line resistivity are required to address issues associated with the increased resistivity due to the aggressive downscaling of future semiconductor devices. In this work, CuAl2 thin films are investigated as a potential material for liner- and barrier-free interconnect applications. The results show that CuAl2 blanket films adhere well to and do not undergo interdiffusion with SiO2, as well as having a favorable size effect of resistivity. Furthermore, the filling of CuAl2 in narrow low-k trenches is investigated, and an excellent gap-filling performance is registered. These features suggest that CuAl2 is a promising alternative to Cu that does not require any additional liner or barrier layers for feature sizes less than 10 nm.New interconnect materials that have a low line resistivity are required to address issues associated with the increased resistivity due to the aggressive downscaling of future semiconductor devices. In this work, CuAl2 thin films are investigated as a potential material for liner- and barrier-free interconnect applications. The results show that CuAl2 blanket films adhere well to and do not undergo interdiffusion with SiO2, as well as having a favorable size effect of resistivity. Furthermore, the filling of CuAl2 in narrow low-k trenches is investigated, and an excellent gap-filling performance is registered. These features suggest that CuAl2 is a promising alternative to Cu that does not require any additional liner or barrier layers for feature sizes less than 10 nm.
Patient induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons as a model for a mitochondrial encephalopathy

In this thesis, patient induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived neurons and neural cells were used as a model for infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia (IOSCA). IOSCA is an early-onset recessively inherited mitochondrial ataxia belonging to the Finnish disease heritage. Patients become progressively severely disabled after disease onset and currently no curative treatments exist. IOSCA is caused by a homozygous mutation (Y508C) in the mitochondrial helicase Twinkle. Twinkle participates in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication and the mutant helicase has been shown to deplete mtDNA from the brain and liver of patients. The aim of this thesis was to obtain IOSCA patient-derived neurons that would manifest a neuronal phenotype related to the disease, and analyze molecular and metabolic consequences of the mutant form of Twinkle, to shed light on the pathogenic mechanisms underlying symptoms in IOSCA. Neuronal differentiation of iPS cells was achieved using two different methods: spontaneous differentiation as neurospheres in a suspension culture, and an adherent culture using two small molecule inhibitors blocking SMAD signaling. IOSCA patient iPS cells were able to differentiate into neurons, from here on called IOSCA neurons, using both methods. However, neuronal cultures from IOSCA cell lines differentiated as neurospheres had significantly less neurons compared to healthy controls. In addition, the patient-derived neurons were shorter and more polar, which could suggest impaired maturation. Regardless of the differentiation method, IOSCA neurons had reduced mitochondrial networks, especially in neurites. The finding was supported by a reduction of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and IV. IOSCA neural cells did not show activation of the mitochondrial integrated stress response, folate cycle or serine biosynthesis. However, untargeted metabolomics revealed that major metabolic pathways were altered in the patient-derived neural cells. Nucleotide, especially purine synthesis was clearly affected, as its intermediates comprised a significant group of decreased metabolites. Also core energy metabolic pathways were altered. IOSCA neural cells had decreased intermediates of the citric acid cycle, whereas they had accumulated medium and long-chain fatty acids. Increased levels of fatty acid synthesis intermediates suggested that the patientderived neural cells had shifted their metabolism towards lipid synthesis, or that they were not able to utilize fatty acids that were synthesized. Because the patient-derived neuronal cells revealed differences between patient and control cell lines, they could be further utilized to assess therapy options. The impaired nucleotide synthesis could be attempted to be alleviated through nucleotide supplementation, and remodeled energy metabolism affected through diet.
What’s the Risk? Fearful Individuals Generally Overestimate Negative Outcomes and They Dread Outcomes of Specific Events

Although it is an adaptive mechanism that danger usually elicits fear, it seems that fearful individuals overestimate the danger associated with their feared objects or situations. Previous research has not systematically distinguished between the estimated risk of an encounter with fear-relevant stimuli and the expected unpleasant outcomes of such encounters. Furthermore, it is not clear if biased risk perception is specific to an individual’s fear or generalized to all negative events. In an online-survey (N = 630) we assessed the estimated risk to encounter fear-relevant stimuli and the expectations of negative outcomes of such encounters. Items contained three domains (spiders, snakes, and everyday fear triggers). In regression analyses we examined the specific associations between fear and risk estimations. In addition, we compared subgroups with specific fears and low fearful individuals. While an individual’s fear score was not related to the estimated risk of an encounter with fear-specific stimuli, it was related to an overestimation of negative outcomes in all domains. The perceived risk of aversive outcomes was most pronounced for an individual’s specific fear. Furthermore, an individual’s specific fear was most predictive of the estimated risk of a negative fear-relevant outcome. Highly fearful individuals overestimate the risk of negative outcomes of fear-relevant encounters. Specifically, they dread outcomes of encounters with their feared object. Differentiating fear-relevant components of risk perception provides insights into the cognitions which may motivate maladaptive avoidance behavior.
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca on olive in Salento (Southern Italy): infected trees have low in planta micronutrient content

Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca is associated with the olive quick decline syndrome in Salento (Apulia region, Southern Italy). The first outbreak of the disease was noticed in the Gallipoli district, from where it subsequently reached nearby areas. To date, no specific study has verified if abnormal soil or leaf micronutrients is associated with the disease. Soil and leaf samples were taken from 23 olive farms showing symptoms of the syndrome located in Gallipoli and nearby areas. Each sample was analyzed for magnesium and micronutrients content using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Real-time PCR indicated that X. f . subsp. pauca was present in each sampled tree. There is a general lack of molybdenum in soil and low bioavailability of copper and molybdenum in tree leaves. Low content of manganese in soil was also found in some farms located in Gallipoli, Galatone and Trepuzzi. Olive trees grown in Gallipoli area also had low content of boron. Principal component analysis showed that soil and leaf samples from this area had lower micronutrient contents compared with other areas. General copper depletion in leaves was uncommon and has not been previously recorded in Italy in a large area. This could indicate that X. f . subsp. pauca infection causes a depletion of copper within olive leaves. Reduced copper content has been previously recorded in leaves infected with X. f . subsp. multiplex and for other bacterial pathogens. The role of copper in relation to X. fastidiosa infection is discussed.
Aberrantly plumaged orioles from the Trans-Fly savannas of New Guinea and their ecological and evolutionary significance

ABSTRACT Two species of orioles, namely the Olive-backed Oriole (Oriolus sagittatus) and the Yellow Oriole (O. flavocinctus), occur across northern Australia. In New Guinea, both are confined to the Trans-Fly region immediately north of Cape York Peninsula. They occur there in Melaleuca-dominated ‘swamp savanna’, which is neither eucalypt savanna nor rainforest typical of their Australian habitats. A readily identifiable specimen of the Olive-backed Oriole collected in 2014 from the Trans-Fly has a mitochondrial DNA ND2 haplotype identical with Yellow Orioles. Its dorsal plumage has traits typical of Yellow Orioles. We infer it to have been descended from a hybridisation event involving a female Yellow Oriole followed by successive generations of backcrossing with Olive-backed Orioles. Three aberrantly plumaged orioles from New Guinea’s Trans-Fly region date from 1937, 1969 and 2014. The 1969 specimen appears to be an aberrant Yellow Oriole. Molecular data are similarly not available for the 1937 specimen but its plumage is suggestive of hybrid origin. The 2014 bird’s ND2 haplotype is identical with some Olive-backed Orioles and is inferred to be descended from hybridisation involving a female Olive-backed Oriole. Integration of phenotypic and genetic data directs study to understand drivers underpinning an unusually high frequency of aberrantly plumaged orioles.
Molecular phylogeny of Acer monspessulanum L. subspecies from Iran inferred using the ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA

Khademi H, Mehregan I, Assadi M, Nejadsatari T, Zarre S. 2015. Molecular phylogeny of Acer monspessulanum L. Â subspecies from Iran inferred using the ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Biodiversitas 17: 16-23. This study was carried out onÂ the Acer monspessulanum complex growing wild in Iran. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences for 75 samples representing fiveÂ different subspecies of Acer monspessulanum were analyzed. Beside this, 86 previously published ITS sequences from GenBank wereÂ used to test the monophyly of the complex worldwide. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using Bayesian inference and maximumÂ parsimony. The results indicate that most samples of A. monspessulanum species from Iran were part of a monophyletic clade with 8Â samples of A. ibericum from Georgia, A. hyrcanum from Iran and one of A. sempervirens from Greece (PP= 1; BS= 79%). Our resultsÂ indicate that use of morphological characteristics coupled with molecular data will be most effective.
Circularly polarized dual‐band zeroth order epsilon negative antenna using asymmetric unit cells

In this paper, a dual‐band zeroth order resonance (ZOR) circularly polarized epsilon negative antenna is proposed for the case where shunt ZOR (fsh) is higher than series ZOR (fse). Epsilon negative unit cells resonate fsh, while a pseudo‐open termination unit cell with a series capacitance resonate fse, resulting in a dual‐band ZOR. The pseudo‐open termination unit cell can be placed anywhere around the epsilon negative unit cells for proper matching. Circular polarization (CP) is achieved by creating orthogonal components using asymmetric unit cells (AUCs). Zeroth order resonator inherently provides 90° phase shift between two orthogonal polarizations. Left hand circular polarization (LHCP) is achieved by adding stubs to the unit cells with two 90° right bends. Electric field distribution is used to verify the resonances for zeroth order and it is found that both the resonances follow zeroth order characteristics. The measured resonances are 4.11 GHz (fse) and 4.60 GHz (fsh) with measured average axial ratio of 2.4 dB at fse and 1.5 dB at fsh, respectively. The measured LHCP peak gain for fse is 1.53 dBic and for fsh is 2.34 dBic. The proposed design covers a frequency range of 3.6 to 4.6 GHz by varying the length of the stubs.
Quasi-adiabatic calorimetry for concretes : Influential factors

La calorimetrie quasi adiabatique sur eprouvettes de beton (QAB), methode proposee au LCPC dans les annees 1980, est une transposition au beton de la procedure appliquee pour la determination normalisee de la chaleur d'hydratation des ciments (NF EN 196-9 qui remplace la NF P 15-436). Cette donnee est essentielle pour la prediction, par simulation numerique, du comportement thermomecanique des structures. Cet article regroupe une description du materiel et de ses performances et les differents calculs permettant d'obtenir la chaleur degagee, la cinetique de ce degagement de chaleur si l'essai avait ete adiabatique, le flux de chaleur, l'affinite chimique et le degre d'hydratation. Les principes de l'etalonnage des calorimetres QAB est rappele et l'examen des grandeurs d'influences permet une estimation de l'incertitude sur la chaleur degagee. Une estimation de la dispersion inherente au materiau serait encore a faire.
Supporting Creative Processes with IT: A literature review

Over the last decades, advances in IT have changed markets and businesses. Companies that were unable to adopt have vanished. In most businesses, the best strategy for keeping a competitive advantage is to innovate at a faster pace than rival organizations. This requires a systematic approach to innovation that is tailored to the individual situation of a company. In order to improve the speed and quality of their innovation process on an organizational level, companies can incorporate IT solutions such as electronic brainstorming that support the creativity of their employees on a group and individual level. The aim of this study is to investigate the current state of research in the IS literature regarding technology supported creativity. We have conceptualized the topic into individual research strands. For each research strand, we present theoretical models, their alignment with empirical findings and an agenda for future research.
Propagule pressure and genetic diversity enhance colonization by a ruderal species: a multi‐generation field experiment

Colonization is a critical filter, setting the stage for short-term and long-term population success. Increased propagule pressure (e.g., more founding individuals) usually enhances colonization; however, this pattern may be driven by purely numeric effects, population genetic diversity effects, or both. To determine the independent and interactive effects of propagule pressure and genetic diversity, we conducted a seed addition experiment in the field using the ruderal annual Arabidopsis thaliana. Propagule pressure treatments spanned five levels, from 32 to 960 seeds per 0.25-m plot. Founder populations were composed of one, four, or eight genotypes and exposed to ambient or reduced levels of interspecific competition. Genotype monocultures were included to quantify additive vs. non-additive effects. Populations were followed for three generations, with abundance, population persistence and genotype retention (the proportion of introduced genotypes persisting over time) as the major response variables. Increased propagule pressure enhanced abundance immediately following introduction, particularly where nutrient availability was high and competition reduced. Greater propagule pressure also increased the likelihood of population persistence and genotype retention through three generations. However, most populations experienced rapid abundance declines over time, yielding no relationship between propagule pressure and thirdgeneration abundance across persisting populations. Under reduced competition, increased genetic diversity led to a marginal increase in persistence through the third generation that was more pronounced, and statistically significant, in low nutrient conditions. Genetic diversity did not affect persistence through the first generation, thus indicating that genetic diversity effects strengthened over time. Nevertheless, genotypic mixture populations fell short of expectations based on performance in monocultures (negative non-additive effects). Increased genetic diversity was also associated with abundance declines, largely due to one particularly high-performing genotype in the lowest diversity treatments (i.e., genotypic identity effects). Overall, our results indicate that increases in both propagule pressure and genetic diversity can enhance colonization success but are highly context dependent. They also highlight novel ways in which both factors can impact the retention of introduced genetic diversity over time. Our findings pinpoint the determinants of a fundamental population process and have key implications for applications where enhanced or suppressed colonization is desired, including ecological restoration and invasive species management.
RESOLVING TIP-OF-THE-TONGUE STATES

Tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) states represent a speaker's temporary and typically frustrating inability to retrieve a known word. Although TOTs are a type of failed word retrieval, they are useful for understanding the processes that underlie successful speech production. Specifically, TOT states are thought to result from weakened connections between a word's lexical representation (lemma) and its phonology (lexeme), a hypothesis supported by research showing that encountering phonologically-related cues during a TOT, specifically words containing the first syllable, helps to resolve the TOT. The chapter begins with a discussion of models of speech production, the locus of TOT states within these models, and various methodologies for investigating TOT states in laboratory studies. We then review previous research on syllable cueing of TOT resolution and present findings from a new experiment using a syllable in isolation as the cue. The chapter concludes by discussing the implications of these findings, including the theoretical significance of the syllable in resolving TOTs.
Multiple Independent Origins of Apicomplexan-Like Parasites

Apicomplexans are a diverse group of globally important parasites, that include pathogens like Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria. Despite their current obligate parasitic nature, apicomplexans evolved from photosynthetic algae and retain a remnant plastid (chloroplast). Such a complex evolutionary transition was unexpected, but here we show that it occurred at least three times independently. Using single-cell genomics and transcriptomics from diverse uncultivated parasites, we find that two genera previously classified within the Apicomplexa, Piridium and Platyproteum, form separately branching lineages in phylogenomic analyses. Both retain cryptic plastids with genomic and metabolic features convergent with apicomplexans. These findings suggest a predilection in this lineage for both the loss of photosynthesis and the transition to a morphologically similar parasitic lifestyle, resulting in multiple lineages of highly convergent animal parasites.
Price and Trade Volume Relationship in Turkish Stock Market: A Time-Varying Asymmetric Causality Analysis

Bu calisma, Turk sermaye piyasasinda hisse senedi fiyatlari ile islem hacmi arasindaki nedensellik iliskisini gunluk veriler araciligiyla 1990-2012 donemi icin arastirmaktadir. Literaturdeki onceki calismalardan farkli olarak, pozitif ve negatif soklara verilen tepkilerin farkli olabilecegi ve ayni zamanda elde edilen sonuclarin zamana bagli olarak degisebilecegi dikkate alinarak, zamanla degisen asimetrik nedensellik testi kullanilmistir. Sonuclar, islem hacminin bilesenlerinden hisse senedi fiyatlarinin bilesenlerine dogru tek yonlu bir nedensellik iliskisi oldugunu ve bu iliskinin zamana bagli olarak degistigini gostermektedir
An Adaptive Spectral Kurtosis Method and its Application to Fault Detection of Rolling Element Bearings

The rolling element bearing is easy to be malfunctioning due to the harsh operation. When a fault exists in the bearing, it can generate the periodical or quasi-periodical impulses, which are important features for the bearing fault detection. These impulses may be submerged in the background noise and interferences of other unrelated components. The spectral kurtosis, and its fast realization, fast kurtogram, have been widely used for the bearing fault diagnosis by extracting the impulsive feature. However, the performance is weakened due to its fixed decomposition scheme and prior information of the bearing faults. A new and adaptive spectral kurtosis method is proposed in this paper. This method is free from parameter selection. Different from the fast kurtogram, the decomposition scheme of the proposed method is flexible and adaptive. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation and the experiment. Both results show that the proposed method can effectively extract the bearing fault features.
DEVELOPING READING MATERIALS OF PROCEDURE TEXTS FOR SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF BEAUTY PROGRAM AT SMK NEGERI 8 MEDAN

The objective of this study is to develop suitable procedure text materials for reading skill, for Beauty program students. It was found that procedure text materials provided in the students’ textbook were not suitable to the needs and interests of Beauty program students. This research was conducted based on educational research and development (R&D) through six steps, namely: gathering data, analyzing data, developing procedure text materials, validating procedure text materials, revising procedure text materials and final product. There are some instruments that were applied in this research namely questionnaire and interview . The subject of this study was XI Grade of Beauty program. Based on the needs analysis conducted there were 4 procedure texts related to Beauty program developed. The researcher developed the text by selecting and adapting relevant procedure texts related to Beauty program from internet and book as the sources. Then, the selected texts were adapted based on the principles of materials development in order to present well organized suitable procedure text materials. These developed procedure text materials had been validated by two experts and the average score gotten is 4.07. It is categorized “Good” since the mean is within the interval 3.40 < ≤ 4.19. It means that the developed procedure text materials for reading skill are suitable for the eleventh grade students of Beauty program. Key words: research and development (R&D), procedure text, Beauty program