Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Kinematic Precise Orbit Determination for LEO Satellites Using Zero-Differenced Ambiguity Resolution

The rapid growing number of earth observation missions and commercial low-earth-orbit (LEO) constellation plans have provided a strong motivation to get accurate LEO satellite position and velocity information in real time. This paper is devoted to improve the real-time kinematic LEO orbits through fixing the zero-differenced (ZD) ambiguities of onboard Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) phase observations. In the proposed method, the real-time uncalibrated phase delays (UPDs) are estimated epoch-by-epoch via a global-distributed network to support the ZD ambiguity resolution (AR) for LEO satellites. By separating the UPDs, the ambiguities of onboard ZD GPS phase measurements recover their integer nature. Then, wide-lane (WL) and narrow-lane (NL) AR are performed epoch-by-epoch and the real-time ambiguity–fixed orbits are thus obtained. To validate the proposed method, a real-time kinematic precise orbit determination (POD), for both Sentinel-3A and Swarm-A satellites, was carried out with ambiguity–fixed and ambiguity–float solutions, respectively. The ambiguity fixing results indicate that, for both Sentinel-3A and Swarm-A, over 90% ZD ambiguities could be properly fixed with the time to first fix (TTFF) around 25–30 min. For the assessment of LEO orbits, the differences with post-processed reduced dynamic orbits and satellite laser ranging (SLR) residuals are investigated. Compared with the ambiguity–float solution, the 3D orbit difference root mean square (RMS) values reduce from 7.15 to 5.23 cm for Sentinel-3A, and from 5.29 to 4.01 cm for Swarm-A with the help of ZD AR. The SLR residuals also show notable improvements for an ambiguity–fixed solution; the standard deviation values of Sentinel-3A and Swarm-A are 4.01 and 2.78 cm, with improvements of over 20% compared with the ambiguity–float solution. In addition, the phase residuals of ambiguity–fixed solution are 0.5–1.0 mm larger than those of the ambiguity–float solution; the possible reason is that the ambiguity fixing separate integer ambiguities from unmodeled errors used to be absorbed in float ambiguities.
Adsorption of Oligoacenes and Their Derivatives on Metal Surfaces : A Density Functional Study

In this thesis we investigate oligoacaenes and their derivatives on metal surfaces by means of density functional theory (DFT). In the first chapter we review density functional theory and how it is used in practice. There, we also discuss topics which come up often in this thesis: the workfunction and its changes, the projected density of states, simulation of photoemission tomography maps and finally the theory of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). In the second chapter we investigate four different adsorption geometries of tetracene on Ag(110). For each of those geometries we investigate the electronic structure by calculating the workfunction, the respective workfunction change and the projected density of states. For two of those geometries we simulate angle-resolved photoemission maps using the one-step model and compare them with experimentally available maps. In the second chapter we investigate dihydrotetraazapentacene on Cu(110)-(2x1)O. We determine the optimal adsorption site by first locally relaxing the molecules on different adsorption sites and then comparing the energies of the relaxed geometries. Furthermore we calculate the diffusion barrier between two adjacent optimal adsorption sites. We also simulate STM images for these different geometries by using the Tersoff-Hamann approximation and compare the simulated STM image of the optimal adsorption geometry with experimentally available STM data.
FACTORS INFLUENCING CHOLINE ABSORPTION IN THE INTESTINAL TRACT 1

Previous investigations ( 1 ) have demonstrated that in normal persons approximately 60 per cent of choline salts fed in a single dose is transformed by intestinal bacteria to trimethylamine (TMA), which is excreted in the urine mainly as the oxide. In chronic liver diseases, considerably less of the ingested choline appears in the urine as total trimethylamines (TTMA). This difference was considered as evidence of an altered action of the intestinal bacteria in these diseases ( 1 ). The concept of the intestinal formation of urinary trimethylamines, based in part upon the reduction of TTMA excretion following administration of antimicrobial agents, was confirmed by the observation (2) that choline as such appears in the urine after intravenous administration of choline, but the basal excretion of urinary TTMA is not altered significantly. The concept of altered choline utilization by intestinal bacteria in liver diseases, as reflected by reduced transformation of choline to TMA, required further elaboration. This was partly carried out in animal experiments (3), but in addition it was necessary to perform a series of clinical studies to clarify the results of human and animal investigations reported previously. Studies of the physiologic processes included the following: (a) whether choline bound in the form of phospholipids is transformed to TMAto the same degree as are choline salts, (b) investigation into the site and completeness of intestinal transformation of choline, and (c) determination of the effects of aureomycin upon the transformation of large amounts of choline. Studies of the alteration of intestinal transformation of choline in liver disease were concerned with (a) the specificity of reduced TTMAexcretion in hepatic disease, (b) the effect of large amounts of choline upon the TTMA excretion in cirrhosis, and (c) the experimental alteration of
MicroRNA-618 Directly Targets Metadherin mRNA To Suppress The Malignant Phenotype Of Osteosarcoma Cells By Reducing PTEN-AKT Pathway Output

Purpose: Dysregulation of microRNA-618 (miR-618) has been observed in multiple types of human cancer. However, whether miR-618 is implicated in osteosarcoma (OS) initiation and progression is still unclear. Hence, we measured the expression of miR-618 in OS tissues and cell lines. In addition, the roles of miR-618 and the mechanisms underlying its activities in OS cells were examined. Methods: The expression status of miR-618 in OS was analyzed by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. The regulatory roles of miR-618 overexpression in OS were explored by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, ﬂ ow-cytometric analysis, Transwell cell migration and invasion assays, and a tumor xenograft experiment. Results: The results revealed that the expression of miR-618 was notably lower in OS tissues and cell lines, and that the low miR-618 expression signi ﬁ cantly correlated with the clinical stage and distant metastasis among patients with OS. Exogenous miR-618 expression signi ﬁ cantly suppressed OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis in vitro as well as slowed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanism investigation indicated that metadherin ( MTDH ) is a direct target gene of miR-618 in OS cells. A knockdown of MTDH mimicked the tumor-suppressive effects of miR-618 upregulation on OS cells. Notably, resumption of MTDH expression attenuated the miR-618 – mediated reduction in OS cell growth and metastasis in vitro. In addition, miR-618 overexpression reduced the PTEN – AKT pathway output in OS cells both in vitro and in vivo through downregulation of MTDH. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the ﬁ rst study to show that miR-618 exerts crucial tumor-suppressive actions in OS pathogenesis by directly targeting MTDH mRNA and reducing PTEN – AKT pathway output. These results will help to elucidate the functions of miR-618 in OS and suggest that this miRNA may be investigated as a therapeutic target in this disease. (Figure 2E, P < 0.05) abilities of U2OS and HOS cells. Taken together, these data indicated that miR-618 inhibited the growth and metastasis of OS cells in vitro.
Approximating Satis able Satis ability Problems

We study the approximability of the Maximum Satis ability Problem (Max SAT) and of the boolean k-ary Constraint Satisfaction Problem (Max kCSP) restricted to satis able instances. For both problems we improve on the performance ratios of known algorithms for the unrestricted case. Our approximation for satis able MAX 3CSP instances is better than any possible approximation for the unrestricted version of the problem (unless P= NP). This result implies that the requirements of perfect completeness and non-adaptiveness weaken the acceptance power of PCP veri ers. We also present the rst non-trivial results about PCP classes de ned in terms of free bits that collapse to P.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF MSME BUSINESSMEN COMPETENCY IN THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN RURAL AND URBAN AREA OF WEST JAVA (CASE STUDY: MSME BUSINESSMEN IN BANDUNG AND BOGOR, WEST JAVA)

This research aims to: (1) describe the level of MSMEs bussinesmen competencyy in the use of ICT in rural and urban areas of Bandung and Bogor, (2) to analyze the factors that influence the competence of natural businessmen to utilize ICTs for their business activities in rural and urban areas of Bandung and Bogor, and (3) to formulate strategies for developing competence of MSMEs businessmen, especially in the utilization of ICT in rural and urban areas of Bandung and Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Competence in this research is personal competence that is personal ability and skill in effort and technical competence is technical ability in operational of ICT facilities in its implementation at every activity of MSMEs businessmen. This research was conducted in Kota Bandung, Kota Bogor, Kabupaten Bogor and Kabupaten Bandung from December 2016 to April 2017. The sample of respondents was 358 based on the total population selection of 3479. The data analysis method in this research used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)-AMOS. Based on the results of this research indicate that the profile of MSMEs businessmen, the perception of MSMEs businessmen and the utilization of ICT facilities have a positive effect on the competence of utilization of ICT facilities, while the level of external environmental support has negative effect but not significant on the competence of MSMEs in utilizing ICT facilities.
Do Firms Tradeoff Cash Flows and Information Transparency to Manage Credit Ratings? An Examination of Tax Planning Activities

Firms understand credit rating agencies’ general framework for assessing credit risk, and firms use this knowledge to manage credit ratings. While extant literature provides evidence that firms manipulate financial information and earnings quality to achieve better credit ratings, no study assesses how firms manipulate and tradeoff information transparency for cash flows to achieve these results. Using tax planning, a setting where firms achieve higher cash flows through opaque activities, we posit and provide evidence that being near a credit rating boundary is associated with firms having higher levels of tax planning activities. We specifically estimate that firms near a credit rating boundary exhibit a cash-effective tax rate between 0.75 and 1.14 percentage points lower than firms not near a credit rating boundary. We also provide evidence that firms with higher levels of tax planning are 40% more likely to incur a subsequent credit rating upgrade. Our study is the first to examine how firms tradeoff cash flows for transparency to manage credit risk.
Non-Atomic Potential Games and the Value of Vector Measure Games∗

This paper introduces non-atomic potential games, which are a class of nonatomic games (Schmeidler, 1973) possessing potential functions (Monderer and Shapley, 1996). Population potential games (Sandholm, 2001) form a special class of them. A potential maximizer is shown to be a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium. Two subclasses of non-atomic potential games are presented. One subclass, called symmetric finite interaction games, include non-atomic Cournot oligopoly games with linear demand functions. The other subclass, called strategic vector measure games, include population potential games and non-atomic games with payoffs given by the Aumann-Shapley value of a particular collection of coalitional vector measure games indexed by the set of strategy profiles. Based upon the value equivalence theorem, an application to a non-atomic exchange economy is discussed. JEL classification: C71, C72.
The National Library of the Republic of Moldova: Old Legacies and New Identities

The article describes the historical background to the creation of the present-day Republic of Moldova and its National Library. The development of the major public libraries in Chisinau, Moldova's capital city, from their origins in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is considered, and the effects of the sovietization of Moldovan libraries following the establishment of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic are discussed. The article examines the current role of the National Library of Moldova, its responsibilities, collections, users and staff. In spite of the scarcity of resources, the Library is making efforts to change from a Soviet to a Western model of operation, helped by support from various agencies abroad.
A Study Of The Impact Of Reward Systems On Employee Performance: A Case study of Tesco PLC, UK

The main purpose of the research was to analyze the impact of rewards on the employee performance, by considering the case of Tesco in UK. The specific objectives of the study were to assess the rewards that are being used by Tesco, to evaluate the most preferred mode of reward systems at Tesco and to provide recommendations to the management of Tesco so that they could further improve upon their existing rewarding structure. The current research has adapted both qualitative and quantitative approach of analyzing the results of the study. The quantitative data was collected through primary survey questionnaire that were distributed among 44 employees of Tesco and another interview survey that was conducted with5 mangers of Tesco. SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data in which frequency analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed. In addition, the technique of manual thematic analysis was used in order to interpret the information that was gathered through the interview survey. According to the statistical findings, the correlation between rewards and employee performance was positive and close to 1 (0.0678) which states that the dependent and independent variable of the study were strongly and positively correlated with each other. Furthermore, based on the interviews conducted with the managers at Tesco, it was highlighted that both intrinsic and extrinsic reward systems are critical for the success of an organization in terms of increasing their overall performance.
Experiences in Hepatic Surgery and Transplantation after Radioembolization

Yttrium-90 microspheres radioembolization has shown to be an effective modality of treatment in patients with primary or metastatic liver tumours [1-4]. It is usually offered to patients with advanced liver cancers. However, surgical experience after radioembolization is very limited to anecdotal cases mainly related to hepatocellular carcinoma. We have treated patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastasis mainly from colon, breast, melanoma and neuroendocrine tumours. In our experience after such treatment we were able to downstage the tumour to surgery only in the case of hepatocellular carcinoma. Five patients had liver transplantation and 1 had right hepatic resection after Yttrium-90 microspheres radioembolization. Of note 2 patients had neoplastic infiltration of a portal vein branch which resolved after treatment with Yttrium-90 microspheres radioembolization. The extra-hepatic spread was ruled out and later they were both transplanted. Here we report our initial single center experience with Yttrium-90 microspheres radioembolization as downstaging and bridging method for hepatocellular carcinoma prior liver surgery, resection or liver transplantation.
New Integral Modelling and Analysis Approach for Storm Surge-Induced Barrier Breaching, Coastal Inundation and Subsequent Vertical Saltwater Intrusion

Europe and many other countries are often surrounded by coastal defences (e.g. protective dunes) in order to protect coastal areas from threats of storm surges and flooding. However, during extreme surges, the higher water levels may temporally threaten these defences. As a result, they may be overtopped/breached, inducing hinterland flooding and subsequent vertical saltwater intrusion (VSWI) behind the breached barriers due to the vertical infiltration of inundating seawater into the fresh groundwater. In this study1, a new integral methodology is developed to reliably assess the possible implications of storm surges on the safety of coastal barriers (CBS) and the implications of possible breaching for flood propagation as well as for accompanied contamination of coastal aquifers due to the VSWI. The modelling methodology consists of an improved XBeach code (Roelvink et al., 2009) weakly coupled with the SEAWAT model (Langevin et al., 2008). XBeach simulates successively breaching of CBS and the subsequent flooding while SEAWAT simulates the VSWI. To achieve reliable modelling of coastal erosion and breaching, some XBeach improvements and extensions are formulated and validated using, among others, unique large-scale dataset for dune erosion. The methodology is then applied to a case study, showing that coastal floods represent a serious threat to coastal aquifers which are extremely important water resources. A flood of a few hours may contaminate coastal aquifers for decades, thus reducing the agricultural yield and hindering the sustainable development in coastal areas. Probably, this is the foremost study that attempts to mitigate storm-induced VSWI through the use and modelling of a subsurface drainage network (SSDN). Besides improving the agricultural yield, the use of an SSDN significantly shortened the natural remediation interval required for aquifers recovery. The multiple flow domains make this study quite relevant for the coastal engineering community, for flood risk managers, for groundwater suppliers as well as for sustainable development planners.
A Quantitative Theory of Time-Consistent Unemployment Insurance

During recessions, the U.S. government substantially increases the duration of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits through multiple extensions. This paper seeks to understand the incentives driving these extensions. Because of the trade-off between insurance and job search incentives, the classic time-inconsistency problem arises. We endogenize a time-consistent UI policy in a stochastic equilibrium search model, where a government without commitment to future policies chooses the UI benefit level and expected duration each period. A longer duration increases the unemployed workers’ consumption but reduces their job search incentives, leading to higher future unemployment. We use the framework to evaluate the effects of the 2008-2013 benefit extensions on unemployment and welfare.
GRSA Enhanced for Protein Folding Problem in the Case of Peptides

Protein folding problem (PFP) consists of determining the functional three-dimensional structure of a target protein. PFP is an optimization problem where the objective is to find the structure with the lowest Gibbs free energy. It is significant to solve PFP for use in medical and pharmaceutical applications. Hybrid simulated annealing algorithms (HSA) use a kind of simulated annealing or Monte Carlo method, and they are among the most efficient for PFP. The instances of PFP can be classified as follows: (a) Proteins with a large number of amino acids and (b) peptides with a small number of amino acids. Several HSA have been positively applied for the first case, where I-Tasser has been one of the most successful in the CASP competition. PEP-FOLD3 and golden ratio simulated annealing (GRSA) are also two of these algorithms successfully applied to peptides. This paper presents an enhanced golden simulated annealing (GRSA2) where soft perturbations (collision operators), named “on-wall ineffective collision” and “intermolecular ineffective collision”, are applied to generate new solutions in the metropolis cycle. GRSA2 is tested with a dataset for peptides previously proposed, and a comparison with PEP-FOLD3 and I-Tasser is presented. According to the experimentation, GRSA2 has an equivalent performance to those algorithms.
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REGIMES AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT *

International migration is attracting increasing attention, both among governments in the industrialized countries and within various international agencies. Trade continues to dominate the international agenda, though migration is also becoming a focus of interest for good reason. Recent simulations indicate that small increments to global migration could have far more profound effects in enhancing world production than would complete removal of all policy barriers to trade. Moreover, for many developing countries, remittances have become a critical form of financing their balance of payments, with reported remittances to the developing regions now exceeding Official Development Assistance and total remittances perhaps capping direct foreign investment flows.
Running Head: COMPUTERS AND MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT An Analysis of NAEP Trial State Assessment Data Concerning the Effects of Computers on Mathematics Achievement

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) serves as the nation's primary indicator of what school children know and can do. This study examines the policy relevant variable, computer use in the classroom, as indicated by the 1992 NAEP Trial State Assessment data for Mississippi. After a preliminary examination of other variables relevant to educational policy, a hierarchical linear model analysis was performed for the composite mathematics score within the eighth grade in Mississippi. Gender, race-ethnicity, and socioeconomic differences in scores were identified, and their correlation with school and student variables was explored. In Mississippi, 53% of students did not have computers available in their classrooms. While neither availability/access nor frequency of computer use was found to be statistically significantly associated with average school achievement, both variables showed associations with the gap between minority and nonminority students. In schools where computers were the most available and accessible, the gap between minority and nonminority students was significantly reduced. Implications of these findings for educational policy are provocative. (Contains 6 tables, 9 figures, and 18 references.) (SLD) ********************i.AA************************************************ * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *****AA-AAAA:c***************;. AAA*AA:. **********************************