Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of improvement in performance of FRP composite by using Al (OH3) as secondary reinforcement

Composites are the materials of this century, and it uses are predominately occupied in all areas, starts from kitchen utilities to aerospace sectors. Among different type of composite materials, the fiber reinforced polymeric (FRP) composite materials are the most used and accepted one. There are many researches undergoing to further improve the performance of these fiber reinforced polymeric composites. One of the proven methods for performance improvement is adding secondary reinforcement into the base matrix material. There are different types of secondary reinforcement like rice husk, MgCO3, Boron nitride powders, which are often used and their respective performance recorded by different researchers. In this work, laminate of size 300 X 300 mm with 3 mm thickness fabricated using hand layup method in which epoxy has been chosen as the base matrix material. The laminate consisting of 3 layers (Glass-Flax-Glass) with 2% wt of Al (OH3) as secondary reinforcement and compared with the mechanical properties without using secondary reinforcement. From the result we understood that the tensile strength and flexural strength of laminate is increased by the addition of secondary reinforcement.
Comparison of Diversity and Community Structure of Aquatic Insects Based on Habitat Class in Johor

Aquatic insects had been well used as a tool in monitoring water quality and this study is aimed to gauge their potential in Johor. The rapid development in the state of Johor may cause pollution to water resources that require a more efficient water quality monitoring program. The objectives of this study were to (i) collect, identify, determine and produce aquatic insect diversity data in selected rivers in Johor, (ii) relate the presence of aquatic insect diversity with some of the physical features of rivers in Johor. Seven sampling areas were selected based on their importance to local communities and geographical distribution: Taman Negara Johor Endau Rompin (PETA) (TNJER-PETA), Taman Hutan Lagenda Gunung Ledang (THLGL), Hutan Lipur Soga Perdana (HLSP), Hutan Lipur Gunung Belumut (HLGB), Hutan Lipur Sungai Bantang (HLSB), Hutan Lipur Gunung Pulai 1 (HLGP1) and Sungai Sayong Pinang. Insect samples were collected using a kick net method and slight modifocation made according to type of microhabitats. A total of 11,647 individuals of aquatic insects consisting of 68 families from nine orders were sampled. About 69% of insects collected were indicators of good water quality; among them are families Hydropsychidae from order Trichoptera, Baetidae from Order Ephemeroptera, and Simuliidae from Order Diptera. Based on family diversity analyzed using Shannon Index (H’), TNJER-PETA is recorded having the highest index (H’ = 3.215) followed by HLSP (H’ = 2.791) and HLGB (H’ = 2.482). Comparison made and based on physical characteristics, the study sites were classified into three categories (i) the most preferred sites by aquatic insects (HLSB, THLGL, HLGP1, and HLGB), (ii) intermediate preferred sites (TNJER-PETA and HLSP) and (iii) least preferred site (Sg. Sayong). In conclusion, community structure of benthic organisms were influenced by many factors such as presence of variety of microhabitat, predation, surrounding environments, food availability, physical and chemical characteristics of water. Moreover, higher heterogeneity of habitat promote high abundance and diversity of aquatic insects. Any changes happened that involves human interference in the habitats, will affect the abundance of aquatic insects. Last but not least, results suggested that the quality of river water in Johor can be monitored using insects as biological indicators due to the abundance, distribution, and rapid response of aquatic insects to environmental conditions.
Relationship between extreme rainfall and design flood-discharge of the Ciliwung river

Flood in Jakarta is occurred almost every year due to inadequate flood control systems to the flood prediction, inadequate drainage system, and trash that clog the drainage. The increase of rainfall is also one of the causes of flooding. That changing rainfall characteristics can affect river flow. This study aims to analyze the trend of rainfall in different time frames and its effect to flood discharge. The extreme rainfall trend is analyzed for every 15 years period from rainfall data of 1985 to 2019 for several return periods. Three period is selected for trend analysis and compared to the baseline data (1985-2019). Based on the analysis, the extreme rainfall for 1995-2009 and 2005-2019 period compared to the baseline is increased for all return periods. The increasing percentage is approximately 3-10% and 5-16% respectively. Since the extreme rainfall is increased, the design discharge is also increased for all return periods. The increasing percentage for 1995-2009 and 2005-2019 period compared to the baseline is 4-12% and 7-19% respectively. However, the design rainfall and discharge for the period 1985-1999 is lower than the baseline.
The effect of supplier innovation on supply chain agility: Evidence from coffee shops in Malang area

With the agility of supply chain, competitive advantage can be maintained by business people by responding to environmental changes quickly and facing uncertainty. This research investigates the impact of supplier innovation on supply chain agility with information sharing and strategic resource as a mediator. At the same time testing the effect of information sharing and strategic sourcing on supply chain agility. The research sample used 65 coffee shops which were obtained from the response of the owner or manager of the coffee shop in Malang Area, known as the city of a million coffee shops. The rapid development of coffee shops in Malang Area demanding coffee businesses to respond quickly to changing consumer trends by maintaining the supply of coffee beans from the highest quality suppliers. This study was analyzed using structural equation modelling methods. The results revealed that supplier innovation significantly influences information sharing, strategic resources and supply chain agility. In addition, information sharing and strategic resources have a strong influence on supply chain agility. Thus, managers and or coffee shop owners need to establish good and sustainable relationships, especially to deal with changes in the business environment.
Deep Learning Method for Buffer Layer Defect Detection in High Voltage Cable

A deep learning method based on the convolution neural network is proposed to replace the manual inspection for the buffer layer defect detection in high voltage cable. One hundred seventy-seven high-resolution images of defects are collected. The VGG16 network is adopted. The results indicated that the VGG16 achieves the F1 score to 0.68 on the test set, proving to be an efficient way to detect the buffer layer defects.
Undergraduate students’ reasoning about the quality of experimental measurements of covarying secondary data

We have investigated how first-year and second-year university students judge the quality of secondary experimental data consisting of measurements of covarying quantities, and to what extent they consider multiple measurements of covarying quantities as a single data set characterised by its mean and spread. Five cohorts of students at two universities participated in the study. They offered written responses to three open-ended questions. Individual follow-up interviews were conducted with fourteen students that were based on their previous written answers to understand their reasoning in more depth. A fine-grained analysis was undertaken to unpack students’ reasoning by grouping the criteria they used to judge the quality of the data into three broad categories: criteria independent of the data, criteria that based on the variation of the raw data, and criteria based on the variation of the derived quantity. We argue that responses in each category can be linked to different learning objectives. The students proposed various actions to increase the trustworthiness of the covarying data or a conclusion based on it. We have investigated to what extent decisions and proposed actions were consistent. Students generally showed a fragmented and primarily qualitative understanding of the concepts of mean, uncertainty, and line of best fit. Many students proposed to determine the value of a derived quantity by applying the equation relating it to the measurands to individual data points, all data points, or all data points except for outliers. Students appear to consider the best fit line as a tool for eliminating outliers, but much less frequently as a way to determine a derived quantity. We discuss implications for instructional practice and further research.
AGNs on the Move: A Search for Off-nuclear AGNs from Recoiling Supermassive Black Holes and Ongoing Galaxy Mergers with the Zwicky Transient Facility

A supermassive black hole (SMBH) ejected from the potential well of its host galaxy via gravitational wave recoil carries important information about the mass ratio and spin alignment of the pre-merger SMBH binary. Such a recoiling SMBH may be detectable as an active galactic nucleus (AGN) broad-line region offset by up to 10 kpc from a disturbed host galaxy. We describe a novel methodology using forward modeling with The Tractor to search for such offset AGNs in a sample of 5493 optically variable AGNs detected with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). We present the discovery of nine AGNs that may be spatially offset from their host galaxies and are candidates for recoiling SMBHs. Five of these offset AGNs exhibit double-peaked broad Balmer lines, which may have arisen from unobscured accretion disk emission, and four show radio emission indicative of a relativistic jet. The fraction of double-peaked emitters in our spatially offset AGN sample is significantly larger than the 16% double-peaked emitter fraction observed for ZTF AGNs overall. In our sample of variable AGNs we also identified 52 merging galaxies, including a new spectroscopically confirmed dual AGN. Finally, we detected the dramatic rebrightening of SDSS 1133, a previously discovered variable object and recoiling SMBH candidate, in ZTF. The flare was accompanied by the reemergence of strong P Cygni line features, indicating that SDSS 1133 may be an outbursting luminous blue variable star.
Design and flow rate improvement of a small aeroengine turbine

The need of small high thrust-to-weight ratio aeroengine is growing. One way to meet this is higher through flow rate of engine. Higher engine mass flow means higher turbine mass flow. In the paper, a small turbine is designed and then promoted with higher flow rate. First the definition of universal turbine through flow capability is discussed and formulated. Then the design and flow rate promotion process of a turbine is introduced. And three design results are obtained and compared, marked MI, MII, and MIII. Among them, MI is original design result with highest efficiency of 0.8899 but doesn’t meet mass flow requirement. MII and MIII are two retrofitted turbines based on MI both with improved mass flow rate by about 3.40%. Different flow rate improvement methods are implemented for the two turbines. S shape endwall is applied to MII stator shroud and MIII turns down stator blade exit angle a bit. MII has higher efficiency than MIII but through flow capability is in fact lowered. Efficiency decline has been seen in both two redesigned turbines compared to MI. The reason possibly lies in the increased rotor shock loss found by detailed CFD flow analysis. Finally, MII is regarded as the best result of which efficiency is 0.8884.
THE SUBSTITUTION OF PIGEON PEA SEED (CAJANUS CAJAN) FOR GROUNDNUT CAKE AND MAIZE IN BROILER FINISHER RATION

One hundred and twenty 4 - week old broilers were used to study the effect of substituting pigeon pea seed meal (PPSM) for groundnut cake and maize in broiler finisher rations. The 4 diet groups contained O, 30, 40, and 50% PPSM and measurements taken in the 3 week study were weight gain, feed intake feed conversion ration and protein efficiency ratio. Results showed that body weight gain of the birds increased as the proportion of PPSM in the diets increased. The final body weights were 1.47, 1.64, 1.71 and 1.73kg for 0.30, 40, and 50% respectively. Feed and protein intake significantly increased as a result of replacing groundnut cake and maize with PPSM up to 40%, but did not show significant difference between 40 and 50%. Feed intake figures were 96.80, 129.90, 144.30 and 142.60g and corresponding protein intake figures were 20.67, 27.64, 30.72 and 30.57g for 0, 30, 40 and 50% inclusion of PPSM respectively. Feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio did not significantly differ among the diets. Keywords: Pigeon-pea, Broiler, Groundnut cake, Finisher ration
Human Pulse Signal Acquisition System Based on PVDF Piezoelectric Film

Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is attracting more attention. As the most complete methods of pulse diagnosis, the method named ‘three regions nine subdivisions’ has come to the fore. It is important to collect accurate pulse signals in this way. Hence a pulse signal acquisition system is developed, which includes a pulse sensor based on PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride) piezoelectric film, charge amplifier, low-pass filter, voltage amplifier, voltage follower, and a software system based on LabVIEW for controlling the acquisition process and storing data. And PVDF piezoelectric film has suitable performance for this system which as a new kind of polymer piezoelectric material. Finally, the experiment results demonstrate that the system can extract effective pulse signals without heavy pressure, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent analysis on pulse signals.
Failure Analysis of Drive Axle Shaft failed under Torsional Stress

Drive axles are an essential component for power transmission in any automobile. It transfers the power from the differential to the hub of the wheels which drives the vehicle. The axles are subjected to torsional stresses due to the torque from the differential and the resisting torque present due to the frictional resistance from the ground on the wheels. Hence, they are prone to torsional failures under fatigue with and without shock loading. In this paper, a comprehensive engineering failure analysis of the failed drive axle shaft of material EN 24-T, custom designed for a 200kg BAJA SAE all-terrain vehicle was performed. Destructive, non-destructive testing and material analysis along with finite element simulations using Ansys were carried out to better understand the nature and cause of the failure. Failure analysis data hints at the flaws in design considerations and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveal the formation of bainitic microstructures within the component due to improper heat treatment which lowers the ultimate tensile strength of the material.
The Development of Color Display Technology

Light-emitting devices play a vital role in people’s lives, and their extremely wide application has won the attention and research of many scientists for a long time. Light emitting diode based on semiconductor energy band and electro-optical conversion is the mainstream light-emitting devices. Furthermore, control the light by nano optical technology such as plasmon effect and the quantum dot is also attractive. This article reviews the latest research progress of the above three light-emitting devices and their principles and characteristics. Finally, we briefly summarized the advantages and disadvantages of these devices, as well as the possible development directions and potential applications of the next generation light-emitting devices.
Biochemical Characterizations of Selected Indigenous Endophytic Bacteria Potential as Growth Promoters and Biocontrol Agents on Tomato

Nine indigenous endophytic bacteria strains showing the best ability to promote growth and control tomato pathogens had been screened in our previous research. The strains’ biochemical properties, such as nutrition and other traits, must be characterized to design the best formulations for the strains’ biochemical properties. This study aimed to describe the biochemical characteristics of the selected indigenous endophytic bacteria. The variables observed were utilization of carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, glycerol, and olive oil), nitrogen sources (peptone, yeast extract, urea, NH4Cl, NH4SO4, and NH4NO3), and citrate, hydrolytic activities (urease, triple sugar iron, starch hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, chitinase, cellulase, protease, lipase, and catalase), oxidative/fermentative assay, salt tolerance, and growth ability at 4° and 44°C. This study showed that all the endophytic bacteria strains characterized had various biochemical characteristics. All strains showed the different ability to utilize nitrogen and carbon source. Some strains survived to grow at 4°C except Bacillus cereus AGBE 1.2 TL. All strains tolerate growth in 4% NaCl concentrations, while some strains can tolerate up to 6%. This result can be used for further studies to develop the most suitable formulations for each strain to get the best results of the growth-promoting and biocontrol activities of the indigenous endophytic bacteria strains.
Photocatalytic Activity of Ag-ZnO Nanocomposites Integrated Essential Ginger Oil Fabricated by Green Synthesis Method

Facile and eco-friendly green synthesis route was used to fabricate pure ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and silver doped ZnO nanocomposites (Ag-ZnO NCPs) using essential ginger oil (EGO) as reduction agent. These Ag-ZnO NCPs were determined and characterized via various analytical tools such as X-ray diffraction, FESEM, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the crystallinity of single ZnO that showed a hexagonal wurtizite (HW) structure with preferential orientation in the (100) direction and the Ag NPs verified face center cubic (FCC) structure with preferred orientation in the (111) direction. The FESEM images exposed uniformly distributed triangle cages of ZnO NPs and nanowires shape of Ag-ZnO NCPs. The UV-Vis absorption band of as-synthesized Ag-ZnO NCPs showed sharp and minor peaks at 395 nm and 550 nm. Photocatalytic activity of Ag-ZnO NCPs was obtained through methylene orange (MO) dye degradation tests, which exhibited remarkable photodegradation efficiency around ≈ 90% after 150 min under UV light. In contrast, single ZnO revealed photodegradation efficiency ≈ 84% at 150 min UV light exposure. These Ag-ZnO NCPs can offer a great potential for large demands of semiconductor applications.
Stable and efficient perovskite solar cell using hydrophobic tris(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine as a hole dopant

2,2’,7,7’-Tetrakis [N, N-di(4-methoxyphenyl) amino]-9,9’-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) is the most versatile hole transporting material in n-i-p type perovskite solar cell (PSC). Among them, 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP) and bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide lithium salt (Li-TFSI) hole dopants are use to increase the conductivity of spiro-OMeTAD and further improve the device’s performance. The devices are not stable for long periods of time due to the hygroscopicity of Li-TFSI. Based on these, a phosphorus-containing hole dopant tri(pentaflorophenyl)phosphine ((C6F5)3P) was developed in this study, which further improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSC and device stability. Further, the above results indicate that the performance (18.876%) of PSC based on 7 wt% (C6F5)3P-doped spiro-OMeTAD hole-transporting layer (HTL) was superior to that of the device based on undoped spiro-OMeTAD (10.957%), and the performance of PSC based on spiro-OMeTAD doped with tBP and Li-TFSI (17.056%). In addition, the stability of the device was greatly improved. After 1008 h of aging test (Room temperature, atmospheric atmosphere, relative humidity 50-80%), the PCEs of the above devices retained the initial value of 85% (the device based on 7 wt% (C6F5)3P-doped spiro-OMeTAD) and 24% (the device based on tBP/Li-TFSI-doped spiro-OMeTAD), respectively.
Effects of Sloped Trench Casing Treatment Combined with Air Injection on Aerodynamic Performance of a 1.5 Stage Axial Flow Compressor

A new mode, sloped trench casing treatment combined with air injection, was designed and introduced in a 1.5 stage axial compressor. To reveal the effects of this mode on the aerodynamic performance, a three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out. Three air injection configurations were set to reflect the influence of injected flow velocity and injected mass flow rate. Results show that sloped trench casing treatment combined with air injection could improve the stall margin, total pressure ratio, and adiabatic efficiency of the compressor simultaneously. Moreover, injected flow velocity has a more significant influence on the effectiveness of extending stability than the injected mass flow rate. The optimal configuration obtains the stall margin improvement of 8.37% by using only 0.69% of the whole annulus mass flow rate. Based on a detailed analysis of the rotor flow field, it is found that the high-speed jet causes axial momentum of the incoming flow upstream the rotor blade tip to increase and load of the forepart chord of the rotor blade tip to reduce. The blockage in the tip region of the rotor passage is thus suppressed effectively, which results in the stall margin of the compressor enhanced.
The Potential and Application of Eucheuma sp. for Solid Soap: A Review

Soap is a daily necessity for cleaning the body and face. There are many types of soap products on the market that soap is containing Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) / Sodium Laureth Sulphate (SLES) and SLS / SLES free soap. Mostly, mass-produced soap (cosmetic industry) and home industry use additives by utilizing the potential of natural resources from terrestrial and marine. This paper is a review on the potential of marine resource that is Eucheuma sp. for solid soap, especially SLS / SLES free solid soap. The results of several research of soap formulation using seaweed as raw materials have been done that were extraction of Eucheuma sp. using maceration method by alcohol compounds solvent and water solvent. This review article is expected to be a reference for researcher and algae soap entrepreneurs in determining their formulation by paying attention to methods that are environmentally friendly and easy to adopt.