Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finite element analysis of a novel implant distribution to support maxillary overdentures.

PURPOSE To evaluate the biomechanics of a novel implant placement distribution and compare it with that of conventional maxillary overdenture support using three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA). The application of zirconia implants in the context of this novel design was also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Detailed FEA models were created to analyze the loading responses of two different distributions of implants to support maxillary overdentures. The two implant distributions were as follows: the conventional design (D1) included four unsplinted implants in the premolar regions, whereas the novel design (D2) included one midpalatal implant, bilateral canine/premolar implants, and one anterior off-center crestal implant. Anatomical models were created with computed tomographic data and static loads were applied axially and obliquely. Von Mises stresses and equivalent strains generated in peri-implant bone and first principal stresses in the implants were calculated, including any denture displacement. RESULTS Comparable stress and strain values were seen in the peri-implant bone for both designs. A significant decrease in the first principal stresses of D2 implants was observed with oblique loads. The maximum equivalent strain produced in the peri-implant region was mostly within the range for bone augmentation. D2 displayed lower maximum displacement values than D1. Maximum tensile stresses in the zirconia implants for either design were well below their fracture strength. CONCLUSIONS A novel four-implant distribution involving midpalatal and crestal implants may be an alternative to the conventional design used for maxillary overdentures. This is particularly relevant when anatomical considerations prevent the placement of four anterior crestal implants. Zirconia implants may also be a valid option for a selected group of patients or for those requesting metal-free restorations. Prospective clinical studies are required to confirm these in vitro results.
Clinical pharmacology of the new penicillins: I. The importance of serum protein binding in determining antimicrobial activity and concentration in serum

The effect of human serum binding on free and total concentrations and urinary excretion of penicillins G, V, and ampicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, and methicillin achieved after administration in man is reported. In vitro studies comparing minimal inhibitory and bactericidal activity of these penicillins in 100 per cent human serum and trypticase soy broth revealed a close relation of inhibition of antimicrobial action to the extent of binding to serum. Quantitative data were obtained by use of arithmetic linear dilutions, in small steps, rather than the usual twofold dilution method. Extensive binding to serum proteins was demonstrated by equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration methods utilizing serum obtained from human volunteers receiving therapeutic doses of each penicillin analogue. Dicloxacillin, cloxacillin, oxacillin, and nafcillin were most highly bound in descending order. Penicillin G and V were intermediate, while methicillin and ampiCillin were least bound. Serum binding appears to be an important determinant of the high serum concentrations achieved with some of the new orally absorbed penicillinase‐resistant compounds. The uncritical use of the term “absorption curve” to describe concentrations of drugs which differ in distribution, metabolism, and excretion, after oral administration is deplored since the term implies that serum concentrations are the resultant of efficiency of gastrointestinal absorption alone. Alternate methods to assess absorption are illustrated. The customary twofold dilution broth assay of serum antibacterial activity may be misleading when employed with highly bound antibiotics. It is proposed that reports of studies of serum concentrations achieved with highly bound antimicrobial agents include data not only on total drug levels, but of free as well. This approach permits a more realistic correlation of serum concentration with minimum effective levels determined in the usual broth assays.
Single-mask field emsission based tunable MEMS tunneling accelerometer

This work presents an electrostatically tunable field emission tunneling accelerometer fabricated using a single mask fabrication process. A change in the gap between the tunneling electrodes due to acceleration modulates the tunneling current flowing across the device tunable nanoscale gap. The device is shown to follow the Fowler Nordheim principle for field emission tunneling. Sensitivities as high as 6.5 μA/g have been demonstrated for this accelerometer for a at rest tunneling gap size of ~40nm. The device has been fabricated out of the 25um thick device layer of an SOI substrate via a single lithography step and deep reactive ion etching of silicon. Submicron tunneling gaps are formed by deposition of a thick layer of gold with slight sidewall coverage. Electrodes for electrostatic tuning of the emission gap embedded in the design have been used to further reduce the tunneling gap that also allows tuning of the acceleration sensitivity over a wide range.
A simulation study on basis material composition for dual energy CT imaging at high-energy level

Quantitative dual energy computed tomography (DECT) allows to obtain both density and atomic number and thus can provide information about material composition. In this paper, a DECT reconstruction method for high energy X-rays (1 ∼ 10MV) is proposed based on a basis material decomposition model. Our method is to be adapted for cargo inspection. The difference from conventional DECT methods is derived from considering pair-production effect in reconstruction. This is unnecessary for DECT in usual energy level (lower than 1MV). Therefore, an approximation of the attenuation process is made: attenuation of photoelectric effect is ignored in our reconstruction due to its tiny contribution to total attenuation of multi-MV X-ray beams. Under this assumption, we set up our mathematical models based on the framework of the basis material method for DECT. Numerical experiments are performed to validate the effectiveness of our method. Results shows that our assumption and method are reasonable and feasible to be applied to real data. Discussion of the results and possible improvements for future work are presented in the end.
Analysis of acceleration sensitivity in MEMS tuning fork gyroscope

This paper presents an analysis of acceleration output (sensitivity) in MEMS tuning fork gyroscopes (TFG) using simplified coupled resonators. We found that in TFG, applied acceleration in in-phase is transduced into excitation of anti-phase mode by unbalanced phase responses of the resonators. We proposed two mechanism and reduction methods; (1) coupling of the in- and anti-phase modes (frequency decoupling) and (2) energy dissipation from the anchors with different vibration systems and supporting structures. They were analyzed using FEM simulations and verified by experiments. Results showed that acceleration output decreased by one-tenth for decoupling ratio from 0.09 to 0.29.
Spatial group mobility model scenarios formation in mobile ad hoc networks

An Ad hoc network is frequently changing their network structures and no need of any fixed infrastructure based network. Mobility model is one of the important key problems in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) due to changing node position frequently in simulation area. In Group mobility models each group has a leader, rest of the group nodes follow the leader node. Angle and Speed are two essential key parameters keeping in mind modifying these two parameters distinctive portability situations could be made. In this paper, we contrasted diverse gathering versatility model situations and existing mainstream receptive directing conventions Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector and Dynamic Source Routing in view of QoS Metrics, for example, End to End Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio and Throughput. Finally DSR based mobility models gives better results when compared with other group mobility models. Mobility model patterns are created with help of Bonmotion tool.
Seagrasses from the Philippines

Menez, Ernani G. , Ronald C. Phillips, and Hilconida P. Calumpong. Seagrasses from the Philippines. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, number 21, 40 pages, 26 figures, 1983. —Seagrasses were collected from various islands in the Philippines during 1978-1982. A total of 12 species in seven genera are recorded. Generic and specific keys, based on vegetative characters, are provided for easier differentiation of the seagrasses. General discussions of seagrass biology, ecology, collection and preservation are presented. Local and world distribution of Philippine seagrasses are also included. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Seascape along the Atlantic coast of eastern North America. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Menez, Ernani G. Seagrasses from the Philippines. (Smithsonian contributions to the marine sciences ; no. 21) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 1.41:21 1. Seagrasses—Philippines. I. Phillipps, Ronald C. II. Calumpong, Hilconida P. III. Title. IV. Series. QK495.A14M46 1983 584.73 83-600168
Concurrence et Conscience de Groupe dans l'Édition Collaborative sur Réseaux Pair-à-Pair. (Concurrence and group awareness in collaborative editing systems over Peer-to-Peer networks)

Recemment, les wikis sont devenus les outils d'edition collaborative les plus populaires. Ils doivent maintenant faire face a une forte augmentation en quantite et complexite des donnees gerees en nombre d'utilisateurs. Pour repondre a ce probleme, le passage d'une architecture client/serveur vers une architecture decentralisee sur reseau pair-a-pair est une voie possible. Elle pose cependant des problemes lies a la concurrence des mises a jour sur des sites distants. Ce document decrit deux contributions a cette problematique. La premiere contribution propose un mecanisme totalement decentralise pour la conscience de la concurrence dans une edition collaborative sur reseaux P2P. Son role est de permettre aux visiteurs d'un wiki d'avoir conscience du statut d'une page vis-a-vis de la concurrence - s'agit-il d'une page editee ou fusionnee ? - et dans le cas d'une page fusionnee, d'avoir une vision des zones de la page touchees par la fusion. Ce mecanisme repose sur un detecteur de concurrence dont le principe consiste a etiqueter les patchs echanges entre les serveurs. La deuxieme contribution porte sur la visualisation d'un historique concurrent. La visualisation proposee se base sur la visualisation lineaire classique: chaque site affiche la sequence locale de versions dans l'ordre ou elles sont apparues, et complete cet historique avec des informations permettant de reperer les etats edites et fusionnes et les parties concurrentes dans l'histoire.
A Security Topology Protocol of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Community Detection and Energy Aware

It is a key problem for reducing the network energy consumption and improving energy utilization of sensor nodes, due to the limited energy of sensor nodes. Because of open, distributed and self-organization characteristics of WSNs, it is vulnerable to the threat of energy in the network topology construction and communication process, but traditional methods which assume the sensor nodes to be credible were unable to cope with the energy attacks. Based on this, this paper proposes a security topology protocol of wireless sensor network named as CDEA according to community detection and energy aware. The method uses complex network community division algorithm for detecting the similar energy behaviour nodes in the neighbourhood of these nodes, and elects the cluster head according to energy, credibility and the distance to the base station, and carries on the choice of the next hop node accessing based on the principle of the immune response and finally gets low power consumption secure topological structure. The experimental results shows that the CDEA not only can reduce and balance the network energy, but also prolong the survival time of the system, and resist the energy attack at the same time.
Phytoplankton blooms: a ‘loophole’ in microzooplankton grazing impact?

Phytoplankton size and relations between phytoplankton and microzooplankton (dilates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates) biomass are analysed in 12 globally distributed areas. In view of the results, a hypothesis is posed where blooming species are those able to escape control by microzooplankton through a combination of predation avoidance mechanisms (e.g. larger size, colonies, spines, and toxic compounds) at the beginning of the bloom. Factors that help to enhance subsequent bloom development include positive feedback from the poor nutritional status of the phototrophic prey which adversely affects predation, inter-microzooplankton grazing and top-down grazing by mesozooplankton on microzooplankton. Blooming conditions are interpreted as physical or chemical perturbations disrupting the predator-prey controls that normally operate at the level of the microbial loop, opening 'loopholes' into which some phytoplankton species populations can explode.
Indoor localization via WLAN path-loss models and Dempster-Shafer combining

In this paper, in order to improve the accuracy of mobile user location estimation, we investigate a new approach based on path-loss algorithms with non-Bayesian data fusion based on Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST). Traditionally, Bayesian framework is used in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) positioning. Nevertheless, alternative approaches such as DST have also good potential in WLAN positioning, as it has been previously shown by using DST with WLAN fingerprinting. Our paper focuses on Path-Loss (PL) probabilistic approaches, which have the advantage of a lower number of parameters and lower implementation complexity compared with the fingerprinting approaches. We combine, for the first time in the literature, the PL position estimators with DST. PL approaches can be implemented with a variety of algorithms, and the deconvolution algorithms used in our paper are among the most promising implementations, due to their simplicity. We study the performance of the PL approaches with real-field data measurements and we show that the DST can increase the floor detection probability and decrease the distance Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) compared to the approaches using Bayesian combining.
Uniform beam distributions using octupoles

The Gaussian beam profile of the BNL (Brookhaven National Laboratory) 200-MeV H/sup -/ linac beam at the Radiation Effects Facility target location was transformed into a rectangular profile with almost uniform distribution by placing two octupole magnetic elements at particular locations along the beam line. Experimental results of the beam profile projection in the horizontal and vertical planes, with and without octupoles, are presented and compared with third-order calculations. <<ETX>>
Bidirectional reporter assay using HAL promoter and TOPFLASH improves specificity in high‐throughput screening of Wnt inhibitors

Constitutive activation of Wnt signaling plays an important role in colorectal and liver tumorigenesis. Cell‐based assays using synthetic TCF/LEF (T‐cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor) reporters, as readouts of β‐catenin/TCF‐dependent transcriptional activity, have contributed greatly to the discovery of small molecules that modulate Wnt signaling. In the present study, we report a novel screening method, called a bidirectional dual reporter assay. Integrated transcriptome analysis identified a histidine ammonia‐lyase gene (HAL) that was negatively regulated by β‐catenin/TCF‐dependent transcriptional activity. We leveraged a promoter region of the HAL gene as another transcriptional readout of Wnt signaling. Cells stably expressing both an optimized HAL reporter and the TCF/LEF reporter enabled bidirectional reporter activities in response to Wnt signaling. Increased HAL reporter activity and decreased TCF/LEF reporter activity were observed simultaneously in the cells when β‐catenin/TCF7L2 was inhibited. Notably, this method could decrease the number of false positives observed when screening an inhibitor library compared with the conventional TCF/LEF assay. We found that Brefeldin A, a disruptor of the Golgi apparatus, inhibited the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. The utility of our system could be expanded to examine other disease‐associated pathways beyond the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
Determination of mercaptopurine and its four metabolites by large‐volume sample stacking with polarity switching in capillary electrophoresis

This study describes approaches for stacking a large volume of sample solutions containing a mixture of mercaptopurine monohydrate, 6‐methylmercaptopurine, thioguanine, thioguanosine, and thioxanthine in capillary electrophoresis (CE). After filling the run buffer (60 mM borate buffer, pH 8.5), a large sample volume was loaded by hydrodynamic injection (2.5 psi, 99.9 s), followed by the removal of the large plug of sample matrix from the capillary using polarity switching (−15 kV). Monitoring the current and reversing the polarity when 95% of current recovered, the separation of anionic analytes was performed in a run buffer < 20 kV. Around 44‐ to 90‐fold improvement of sensitivity for five analytes was achieved by large‐volume stacking with polarity switching when compared with CE without stacking. This method was feasible for determination of the analytes spiked in plasma. Removing most of electrolytes from plasma is a key step for performing large‐volume sample stacking. Solid‐phase extraction was used for pretreatment of biological samples. To our knowledge, this study is one of few applications showing the possibilities of this stacking procedure to analyze biological samples by large‐volume sample stacking with polarity switching (LVSSPS) in CE.
Genomic Relations among Two Non-mangrove and Nine Mangrove Species of Indian Rhizophoraceae

Abstract Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to study the genomic relationship among 11 members of Indian Rhizophoraceae represented by nine true mangroves and two non-mangrove species. The AFLP and RAPD bands were scored and analyzed for genetic similarities and cluster analysis was done which separated the 11 species studied into two main groups, the true mangroves and the non-mangroves. The polymorphism observed for these markers showed a high degree of genetic diversity among the constituent taxa of the family. The phylogenetic relationship inferred from molecular marker systems supported the traditional taxonomic classification of the family Rhizophoraceae based on morphological characters at the levels of tribe, phylogeny and delimitation of genera and species, except the intra-generic classification of the genus Bruguiera and the placement of Rhizophora in the family Rhizophoraceae.
Awareness Deficits in Children and Adolescents After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review

Objectives:To systematically review empirical research on awareness deficits in children and adolescents following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods:PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), ERIC (Education Resources Information Centre), PsycBITE, and Web of Science were searched from inception to August 8, 2013, using key terms relating to awareness of deficits and brain injury in childhood/adolescence. Studies of children or adolescents with traumatic brain injury (TBI), systematic measurement of awareness of deficits, and reporting of quantitative data were included. Details of participants, methodology, and findings were summarized for each study, and methodological quality was rated. Results:Review of 12 eligible studies yielded mixed evidence concerning the presence of awareness deficits after childhood TBI. Awareness deficits were most evident both for memory and executive function impairments and for children and adolescents with severe TBI. Methodological variability, including sampling characteristics, objects of awareness, measurement issues, and approach to statistical analysis, contributed to the mixed findings. Conclusions:Further research focusing on factors contributing to awareness deficits following pediatric TBI, the course of recovery, and relation to functional outcomes is warranted.
Individual Based Models in Ecology: An Evaluation, or How Not to Ruin a Good Thing

Background: What are now increasingly called individual based models (IBMs) have been used in ecology since the 1970s when theoretical ecology began in earnest. The best known examples from that time include the forest computer simulation model (named JABOWA) of Daniel Botkin (Botkin et al 1972) and the computer simulation model of Donald DeAngelis (DeAngelis et al 1991) for a freshwater fish cohort. These were identified with the systems ecology school of theoretical ecology and the approach was anticipated to offer a unifying theoretical framework for ecology (Huston 1988), a goal whose possibility is still being debated (Roughgarden 2009, Vellend 2010). Since then hundreds of IBMs have been published in ecology. Moreover, IBMs are being actively developed in other disciplines, especially the social sciences, and dozens of software environments have been created to facilitate IBM research (Allen 2010, Borrill and Tesfatsion 2012). This talk reviews progress for IBMs in ecology, details several remaining difficulties, and suggests clarification where needed.