Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of IncobotulinumtoxinA in the Treatment of Lower Limb Spasticity in Japanese Subjects

Objective To confirm the efficacy and safety of incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin®, Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH; total dose 400 U) in Japanese subjects with lower limb (LL) poststroke spasticity using the Modified Ashworth Scale spasticity score for the plantar flexors (MAS-PF). Methods This phase III study (Japic clinical study database No. CTI-153030, 7 October 2015) included a double-blind, 12-week main period (MP) in which 208 subjects were randomized to receive one injection cycle of incobotulinumtoxinA 400 U (n = 104) or placebo (n = 104) in the pes equinus muscles, and an open-label extension (OLEX) that enrolled 202 subjects who received three injection cycles, 10–14 weeks in duration (the last cycle was fixed at 12 weeks). Changes in MAS-PF for incobotulinumtoxinA vs. placebo from baseline to Week 4 of the MP and to the end-of-cycle visits in the OLEX were evaluated. Results The area under the curve for the change in MAS-PF was statistically significantly greater with incobotulinumtoxinA vs. placebo in the MP (mean: −7.74 vs. −4.76; least squares mean: −8.40 vs. −5.81 [p = 0.0041]). In the OLEX, mean changes in MAS-PF from baseline to end-of-study showed continued improvement with repeated injections. No new safety concerns were observed with the incobotulinumtoxinA treatment. Its efficacy and safety were consistent regardless of the length of the injection cycle interval in the OLEX. Conclusion This study demonstrated that incobotulinumtoxinA (total dose 400 U) is an effective and a well-tolerated treatment for LL spasticity in Japanese subjects using flexible injection intervals of 10–14 weeks.
Face Recognition Application Using Adaptive Boosting and Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix

Face recognition has been an interesting field to explore. Although some previous researches have successfully proved to detect faces, there are still some difficulties to automatically recognize whose faces in one image. Human face is a dynamic object which a high degree of variability exists in its appearance. Therefore, every face has their own uniqueness. These unique features could be used for recognizing one from the other. This research is intended to offer new approach on the field. It is done by combining three methods for both detecting and recognizing faces. It begins with applying Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) to detect faces on a picture, then employing Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) to extract their features. Finally, K-Nearest Neighbor is used to recognize the owner of the face. This combination of methods is proven to get significant result of face detection but only fair result of face recognition. In addition to the research, an application has been developed. After doing research and development of this application, it can be concluded that the combination of the methods could become another approach for face recognition.
Intraday Market Predictability: A Machine Learning Approach

Conducting, to our knowledge, the largest study ever of five-minute equity market returns using state-of-the-art machine learning models trained on the cross-section of lagged market index constituent returns, we show that regularized linear models and nonlinear tree-based models yield significant market return predictability. Ensemble models perform the best across time and their predictability translates into economically significant Sharpe ratios of 0.98 after transaction costs. These results provide strong evidence that intraday market returns are predictable during short time horizons, beyond what can be explained by transaction costs. Furthermore, we show that constituent returns hold significant predictive information that is not contained in market returns or in price trend and liquidity characteristics. Consistent with the hypothesis that predictability is driven by slow-moving trader capital, predictability decreased post-decimalization, and market returns are more predictable during the middle of the day, on days with high volatility or illiquidity, and in financial crisis periods.
A Two-Stream CNN With Simultaneous Detection and Segmentation for Robotic Grasping

The manipulating robots receive much attention by offering better services, where object grasping is still challenging especially under background interferences. In this article, a novel two-stream grasping convolutional neural network (CNN) with simultaneous detection and segmentation is proposed. The proposed method is cascaded by an improved simultaneous detection and segmentation network BlitzNet and a two-stream grasping CNN TsGNet. The improved BlitzNet introduces the channel-based attention mechanism, and achieves an improvement of detection accuracy and segmentation accuracy with the combination of the learning of multitask loss weightings and background suppression. Based on the obtained bounding box and the segmentation mask of the target object, the target object is separated from the background, and the corresponding depth map and grayscale map are sent to TsGNet. By adopting depthwise separable convolution and designed global deconvolution network, TsGNet achieves the best grasp detection with only a small amount of network parameters. This best grasp in the pixel coordinate system is converted to a desired 6-D pose for the robot, which drives the manipulator to execute grasping. The proposed method combines a grasping CNN with simultaneous detection and segmentation to achieve the best grasp with a good adaptability to background. With the Cornell grasping dataset, the image-wise accuracy and object-wise accuracy of the proposed TsGNet are 93.13% and 92.99%, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experiments.
Degradable Polymers for Marine Antibiofouling: Optimizing Structure To Improve Performance

Degradable polymers have proven effective for marine antibiofouling. It is important to improve their performance by optimizing their structures. We have prepared polyurethane with degradable polyester segments in the main chain and hydrolyzable poly(triisopropylsilyl acrylate) (PTSA) side chains and used it as the carrier of organic antifoulant (DCOIT). Our study demonstrates that the degradation rate of the polymer increases as the ester group density in the main chain or the length of side chain increases. On the other hand, the release rate of the organic antifoulant increases with the length of side chain. However, it shows a maximum as the ester group density increases. Marine field tests demonstrate that the antifouling of the system increases as the ester group density or the length of side chain increases.
Earthquake hazard potential along the Panjal Thrust and the Zanskar Thrust, NW Himalaya

Kashmir basin is considered to be tectonically active where damaging earthquakes (historical and instrumental) and landslides have occurred. These geologic catastrophes make Kashmir valley prone to hazards. The fault bound Kashmir basin is marked by two mountain fronts: MF1 associated with the Panjal Thrust (PT) and Balapor Fault (BF) and MF2 associated with the Zanskar Thrust. These two structural units make Kashmir valley very susceptible to earthquakes. With this in view the whole basin was divided into 22 sub-basins. However only nine extreme north and south sub basins (five extreme southern and four northern extreme north) were studied to carry out relative tectonic activity of these two tectonic units. With the help of K-mean clustering of eight basin-related geomorphic indices (Hypsometric integral (Hi), Asymmetry factor (Af), Mountain front sinuosity (Smf), Basin shape (Circularity ratio (KA) and Elongation ratio (Eb)), Form factor (Ff), Bifurcation ratio (Rb) and Sinuosity index (Si) were calculated. The results of the geomorphic indices were correlated with the structural and seismic data after that they were grouped into low three (Class1), moderate (class2) and high (class3) relative tectonic activity zones based on the quantified geomorphic indices, earthquake data, structural data and field observations. The overall results infer the tectonic activity dies out towards the north of the Kashmir Valley. It was observed that the highest tectonic activity mostly corresponds to the sub basins in vicinity of the PT and BF stretching 100 Km from Shopian to Baramulla. The least tectonic activity was found to be associated with the ZT lying to the north and northeast part of the Kashmir Valley. The seismic frequency and the overall data analysis infer that the south and Southwestern side of the Kashmir has potential of moderate earthquake in future.
Transformation of Phenylphenol Isomers by UVC Irradiation in Aqueous Solution

Abstract The objective of this work was to study the photochemical behavior of ortho-phenylphenol (o-PP), metaphenylphenol (m-PP) and para-phenylphenol (p-PP) aqueous solutions exposed to 254 nm radiation. The influence of various reaction parameters on degradation rate was examined. Moreover, degradation products and toxicity of the reaction solutions were studied. It was observed that photolysis of phenylphenols was dependent on oxygen concentration in the reaction solution. The presence of radical and singlet oxygen scavengers in the reaction solution did not affect the photolytic degradation of the studied compounds. The values of apparent quantum yields of o-PP, m-PP and p-PP photolysis at pH 7 were equal to 0.019±0.00043, 0.023±0.00038 and 0.014±0.00083, respectively. The main intermediates of phenylphenols phototransformation were isomers of dihydroxybiphenyl. The degradation of phenylphenols during photolysis by 254 nm radiation ran quite fast. However, for the total mineralization of these compounds in water several times higher UV doses than those usually applied during UV disinfection process were required.
Association of the X-chromosomal hsa_circ_0140271 with Female Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly affects women. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to be related RA progress. However, it is still unknown the role of circRNA in female RA. Methods: In this study, we extracted total RNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from four RA patients and four healthy control donors, then performed RNA sequencing analysis. To validation, we recruited PBMC samples from 47 RA patients and 47 healthy control donors. The diagnosis ability of candidate circRNA in female RA was explored by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Levels of inflammation factors in serum, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8,TNF-α and INF-γ, were detected in female RA patients and female healthy donors to analysis the correlation between those factors and candidate circRNA. KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were also performed to predict function of candidate circRNA.Resuluts: By analyzing circRNA expression profiles, we identified hsa_circ_0140271, generated from X chromosome gene-MED14, was specifically expressed in female RA patients. We verified hsa_circ_0140271 expression in PBMC samples from a cohort of 47 RA patients and 47 healthy control subjects via RT-qPCR and found hsa_circ_0140271 was also specifically highly expressed in female RA. In addition, ROC curve analysis indicated that the specificity of hsa_circ_0140271 in female RA patients was 1 comparing to female healthy subjects, osteoarthritis (OA) patients or Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α was higher in serum from female RA patients than that from female healthy subjects. Furthermore, KEGG analysis indicated that hsa_circ_0140271 might regulate fatty acid metabolism in female RA patients.Conclusion:Our results suggested that hsa_circ_0140271 has a potential role in detect female RA and may contribute RA progress by fatty acid metabolism.
Knowledge and Beliefs of General Public of India on COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Survey

PhD Research Scholar, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, College of Science Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Australia Lecturer, Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru – 570 015, Karnataka, India Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru – 570 015, Karnataka, India Lecturer, Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru – 570 015, Karnataka, India
The Biodegradation of Block Copolymer Membranes of Poly(Benzyl L-glutamate)/Poly(Ethylene glycol)/Poly(Benzyl L-glutamate)

Experiments of in vitro biodegradation of block copolymer membranes of Poly(benzyl L-glutamate)/poly (ethylene glycol)/poly(benzyl L-glutamate) were carried out using papain as enzyme.Biodegradation was evaluated by the weight and molecular weight change of samples before and after enzymatic hydrolysis.Results indicated that the biodegradation rate was affected by the molecular weight of copolymer and the content of PEG block.The smaller the molecular weight of copolymer was,the faster the velocity of biodegradation was.The greater the content of PEG was,the greater the swelling ratio of copolymer in water was.The more the swelling ratio in water was,the faster the velocity of biodegradation was.That is,the rate of biodegradation can be controlled by adjusting the content of PEG in copolymer and the molecular weight of copolymer.
Specific N-Cadherin-Dependent Pathways Drive Human Breast Cancer Dormancy in Bone Marrow

The challenge for treating breast cancer (BC) is partly due to long-term dormancy driven by formation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) capable of evading immune response and resist chemotherapy. BC cells (BCCs) show preference for bone marrow (BM), resulting in poor prognosis. CSCs utilize connexin 43 (Cx43) to form gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) with BM niche cells, fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, Cx43 is an unlikely target to reverse BC dormancy due to its role as hematopoietic regulator. We found N-cadherin (CDH2) and its associated pathways as potential drug targets. CDH2, highly expressed in CSCs, interacts intracellularly with Cx43, co-localizes with Cx43 in BCCs within BM biopsies of patients, and is required for Cx43-mediated GJIC with BM niche cells. Notably, CDH2-associated γ-secretase and pro-apoptotic pathways maintained BC dormancy. We thereby propose these pathways as potential pharmacological targets to prevent dormancy and chemosensitize resistant CSCs.
Dielectric Profiles and Ion-Specific Effects at Aqueous Interfaces

Unlike bulk water, water at aqueous interfaces exhibits a pronounced anisotropic molecular ordering. The water density shows a depletion in the interfacial region, to an extent depending on ambient pressure and temperature [1] and on the hydrophobicity of the surface [2]. Moreover, at soft surfaces, such as air-water interfaces, the density increases monotonically, whereas at most solid surfaces the water molecules arrange in distinct layers, leading to an oscillating density profile [3]. Finally, vibrational spectroscopy experiments show that the water molecules in the interfacial region are preferentially oriented with their dipole moments pointing roughly along the surface plane at both air-water interfaces [4] and quartz-water interfaces [5, 6]. For macroscopic solutes, this molecular structure strongly affects both their static properties, such as double-layer capacitance and surface conductance, and their dynamic behavior, such as electro-osmotic mobility. In this chapter, we present a modeling approach where we calculate the molecular properties, in particular the dielectric profile, from molecular dynamics (md) simulations and incorporate the results into a modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Our md simulations show that the aqueous interface can be characterized by two largely independent characteristic length scales: the dielectric dividing surface, based on the dielectric profile, and the Gibbs dividing surface, based on the water density profile. Using these two interface characteristics, we estimate two of the main contributions to the interaction between a surface and a single ion. 2 Calculation of the dielectric profile
In Operando XRD and TXM Study on the Metastable Structure Change of NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 under Electrochemical Sodium‐Ion Intercalation

Y. Xie, Dr. H. Wang, Prof. Z. -F. Ma Department of Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China E-mail: zfma@sjtu.edu. cn Y. Xie, Dr. G. Xu, Dr. Z. Chen, Dr. J. Lu, Dr. K. Amine Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA E-mail: junlu@anl.gov; amine@anl.gov Dr. J. Wang, Dr. J. Wang Photon Sciences Directorate Brookhaven National Laboratory Building 744 Ring Road, Upton, NY 11973, USA Dr. H. Sheng, Dr. J. G. Wen, Dr. D. J. Miller Electron Microscopy Center – Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA Dr. Y. Ren, Dr. C. -J. Sun Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Does Blockade Deter Inbound Tourism? An Evidence from Qatar

While tourism research on Qatar has been growing, the area is still understudied with many untapped research opportunities. This research focuses on the impact of the blockade on international tourist arrivals to Qatar. We adopt a standard tourism demand model and augment it with a blockade variable. To capture the effects of political incidence such as the blockade, we develop a dummy variable that characterizes the periods when the blockade on Qatar occurred. The research model also includes origin-destination characteristic variables, such as tourism competitiveness, corruption perception and trade freedom. The main objective is to investigate whether the inclusion of these control variables can minimize the effects of the blockade. Data are based on an unbalanced panel of 552 observations, with a total of 47 countries of origin from 2007 to 2018. The result confirms the convergence theory of growth (Cuaresmaa, Ritzberger-Gru¨nwald and Silgoner, 2008). The strength and sign of the coefficients for the two economic control variables, namely GDP growth and currency appreciation in the sourced country are as expected- an increase in income in the sourced country increases people’s affordability to travel and in turn enhances growth in tourist numbers in Qatar significantly. Moreover, the coefficients of the main focus variable, the blockade, show the expected negative sign and statistical significance (1% level of significance), implying that the blockade imposes constraints on visitors to Qatar from neighboring countries, which in turn has adverse effect on the number of tourist arrivals.
Ein Modell mit Boden-Bauwerk-Interaktion zur dynamischen Berechnung von Eisenbahnbrücken/A model with soil-structure interaction for the dynamic analysis of railway bridges

Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag wird eine einfache Modellierungsstrategie zur schnellen und effizienten Berechnung der dynamischen Antwort von Brücken zufolge der Überfahrt mit Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen vorgestellt. Dabei wird sowohl die Boden-Bauwerk-Interaktion als auch die Wirkung des Zuges während der Zufahrphase auf das Tragwerk beziehungsweise nach dem Abfahren berücksichtigt. Im mechanischen Modell wird die Brücke als Bernoulli-Euler -Balken, welcher von den statischen Achslasten des Hochgeschwindigkeitszugs überfahren wird, beschrieben. Feder und Dämpfer an den Rändern des Balkens bilden das Verhalten des Untergrunds ab. Die Ergebnisse eines Anwendungsbeispiels zeigen, dass die Boden-Bauwerk-Interaktion die berechnete dynamische Antwort wesentlich beeinflusst.
Reversible Formation of g‐C3N4 3D Hydrogels through Ionic Liquid Activation: Gelation Behavior and Room‐Temperature Gas‐Sensing Properties

Many unique properties arise when the 3D stacking of layered materials is disrupted, originating nanostructures. Stabilization, and further reorganization of these individual layers into complex 3D structures, can be essential to allow these properties to persist in macroscopic systems. It is demonstrated that a simple hydrothermal process, assisted by ionic liquids (ILs), can convert bulk g‐C3N4 into a stable hydrogel. The gelation occurs through delamination of the layered structure, driven by particular interactions between the IL and the carbon nitride sheets, forming an amphiphilic foam‐like network. This study employs spectroscopic and computational tools to unravel the gelation mechanism, and provides a rational approach toward the stabilization of 2D materials in hydrogels. The solution‐processable hydrogels can also be used as building blocks of complex devices. Chemiresistive gas sensors employing g‐C3N4 3D hydrogels exhibit superior response at room temperature, enabling effective gas sensing under low power conditions.
Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission Reverses the Immunoescape of Solid Tumors via IRE1α-XBP-1s-TPP2 axis

Hypoexpression of human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I is widely known to be an important strategy of immune evasion in most cases of malignancies that lead to poor prognosis. We demonstrated that mitochondrial dynamics can be exploited as an efficient target in regulating MHC-I expression and cancer immunogenicity. Clinically, MHC-I expression and fragmentation of mitochondria are both closely associated to patient survival but are negatively correlated to one another. Mechanistically, it was observed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, an integrated signal transduction pathway activated in most rapidly proliferating tumor cells, played a crucial role in connecting mitochondrial fragmentation and cancer cell immunogenicity particularly via the IRE1α-XBP-1 s axis. XBP-1 s, which is activated by imbalanced mitochondrial fission and prolonged oxidative stress, served as a potent transcription factor, promoted the expression of aminopeptidase TPP2 and destructed the applicable antigenic peptide to impede MHC-I complex maturation and the activation of adaptive immune system upon cancer antigen. Our findings highlight the importance of mitochondrial dynamics in determining solid tumor immunogenicity and suggest that mediating mitochondrial fragmentation might provide a novel approach in anti-tumor immunotherapy.