Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress development in the leaves of Amaranthus cruentus L. containing amaranthine under conditions of nighttime low temperatures, soil hypoxia and the combined effects of both stress factors

*Corresponding author e-mail: tbalakhnina@rambler.ru A b s t r a c t. The investigation of the effect of night chilling up to 4±2C, soil flooding at the optimal day and night temperature, and the combined effect of these stress factors on the adaptive potential of Amaranthus cruentus L. cv “Krepysh” containing amaranthine showed that changes in the intensity of the peroxide oxidation of lipids and superoxide dismutase activity, varied in antiphase to each other, both in the control and in experimental plants. Due to night chilling, unlike hypoxia, the content of amaranthine decreased shaply at the beginning of the stress period and then increased and significantly exceeded the control level until the end of the experiment. It has been suggested that lowering the temperature induces amaranthine synthesis, whereas with the development of hypoxic stress due to the reactions of reactive oxygen species neutralization, constitutive amaranthine is used. The suppression of plant growth during periods of hypothermia was more pronounced than it was due to soil hypoxia, this phenomenon may be associated with a decrease in the overall level of metabolism under conditions of hypothermia and is another example of the adaptive reactions of plants. It was found that the negative effects of the combined activity of soil hypothermia and soil hypoxia on plants, were greater than the negative effects of each stressor applied separately. K e y w o r d s: Amaranthus cruentus L. , night hypothermia, oxidative stress, peroxide processes, soil flooding
RESPONDING TO THE CHALLENGE OF TRUE UNCERTAINTY: USING STAKEHOLDERS TO SENSE STRATEGIC ISSUES

We construe a conceptual framework for responding effectively to true uncertainty in the business environment. We drill down to the essential micro-foundational capabilities sensing and seizing of dynamic capabilities and link them to classical strategic issue management theory with suggestions on how to operationalize these essential capabilities. By definition true uncertainty represents environmental conditions that are hard to foresee, which can catch the unprepared by surprise while presenting opportunities to the conscious organization. We demonstrate that organizations relying on aggregation of stakeholder sensing and predictions of emergent strategic issues can positively influence the two capabilities and help the firm adapt in the face of uncertainty and unpredictability. Robust measures predicating performance based on information from key stakeholders involved in the firm’s core operations provide faster, more accurate, and updated insights about environmental developments identifying important strategic issues and solutions to them. This provides corporate decision-makers with a proactive tool in the quest for timely and effective strategic responses.
Seduced by the Label: How the Recommended Serving Size on Nutrition Labels Affects Food Sales

As consumers pay greater attention to nutrition content when choosing food, voluntary front-of-pack labels have become popular tools for food marketers. However, voluntary nutrition labels provide certain freedoms regarding the disclosed information, which can be exploited. A common strategy is to disclose nutrition values based on smaller recommended serving sizes, which presents the nutrition amounts favorably on the label. Problematically, consumers can misinterpret such information and draw biased conclusions regarding product healthiness. This study uses purchase data with 61 products from both healthy (yogurt) and unhealthy (cookies) categories to analyze how recommended serving sizes on nutrition labels affect food sales. In line with our predictions, sales increased after a label introduction in the healthy (but not in the unhealthy) category for products with smaller recommended serving sizes. Since the least healthy versions within the category tend to have smaller recommended serving sizes, nutrition labels can stimulate sales of unhealthier food.
Fabrication and Thermal Characterization of Composite Cu-CNT Micropillars for Capillary-driven Phase-Change Cooling Devices

ABSTRACT This paper presents the fabrication, testing, and modeling of an array of composite copper-carbon nanotubes (Cu-CNT) micropillars as a wick structure for potential application in passive phase-change cooling systems. This novel wick structure has a larger spacing at the base of the micropillars to provide a higher liquid permeability and mushroom-like structures on the top surface of the micropillars with a smaller spacing to provide a greater capillary pressure. The composite Cu-CNT micropillars were fabricated by an electrochemical deposition method on a patterned copper template. Cauliflower-like nanostructures were then grown on the top surface of the micropillars using chronoamperometry technique to improve the capillary pressure and thermal performance of the wick structure. After successful fabrication of the micropillars, a series of tests were conducted to quantify the thermal performance of the wick structures. The results demonstrate superior thermal and corrosion performances for composite Cu-CNT micropillars compared to those of copper micropillars. Additionally, a thermal resistance network analysis was conducted to model the thermal performance of the fabricated mushroom-shaped micropillar array. Model predictions were compared with the experimental results and good agreement was observed.
Interbank Markets and Unconventional Monetary Policies amid a Sovereign Debt Crisis

Interbank markets have been at the core of the international transmission of recent financial crises, including the euro area sovereign debt crisis. This paper studies the transmission of shocks in a two-country DSGE model where government bonds are used as collateral in interbank markets. We isolate an “interbank collateral channel” of transmission, which works through banks’ portfolio allocation between loans and government bonds, the resulting value of banks’ bond holdings and the tightness of collateral constraints in the interbank market. We find that, while in some scenarios this channel compounds a “bank net worth channel” in amplifying negative shocks, in other scenarios the “interbank collateral channel” acts as a macroeconomic stabilizer. Credit policies financed by government debt can erode this stabilizing effect. JEL Classification: E32, E44, F44.
The PACAP-derived peptide MPAPO facilitates corneal wound healing by promoting corneal epithelial cell proliferation and trigeminal ganglion cell axon regeneration

It is well known that the cornea plays an important role in providing protection to the eye, but it is fragile and vulnerable. To clarify the biological effects and molecular mechanisms of the pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP)-derived peptide MPAPO (named MPAPO) to promote corneal wound healing, we applied a mechanical method to establish a corneal injury model and analyzed the repair effects of MPAPO on corneal injury. MPAPO significantly promoted corneal wound repair in C57BL/6 mice. In addition, we established injury models of epithelial cells and trigeminal ganglion cells with H2O2. The results show that when the concentration of MPAPO is 1 μM, it can significantly promote the repair of injured corneal epithelial cells and the regeneration of trigeminal ganglion cell axons. MPAPO repairs epithelial cells through the promotion of GSK3β phosphorylation by binding to PAC1 and activating AKT. β-catenin escapes the phosphorylation of GSK3β and enters the nucleus to promote the expression of cyclin D1, accelerate cell cycle progression and promote cell proliferation. MPAPO promotes axonal regeneration by binding to the PAC1 receptor and activating adenylate cyclase activity, followed by the cAMP activation of protein kinase A activity and the promotion of CREB phosphorylation. Phosphorylated CREB promotes Bcl2 expression and axonal regeneration. In conclusion, our data support the role of MPAPO to facilitate corneal wound healing by promoting corneal epithelial cell proliferation and trigeminal ganglion cell axon regeneration.
A Sound Type System for Typing Runtime Errors

Dynamically typed languages such as Scheme are widely adopted because of their rich expressiveness. However, there is the drawback that dynamic typing cannot detect runtime errors at compile time. In this paper, we propose a type system which enables static detection of runtime errors. The key idea of our approach is to introduce a special type, called the error type, for expressions that cause runtime errors. The proposed type system brings out the benefit of the error type with set-theoretic union, intersection and complement types, recursive types, parametric polymorphism and subtyping. While existing type systems usually ensure that evaluation never causes runtime errors for typed expressions, our system ensures that evaluation always causes runtime errors for expressions typed with the error type. Likewise, our system also ensures that evaluation never causes errors for expressions typed with any type that does not contain the error type. Under the usual definition of subtyping, it is difficult to syntactically prove the soundness of our type system. We redefine subtyping by introducing the notion of intransitive subtyping, and syntactically prove the soundness under the new definition.
Reducing Aggressive Behavior of Adolescent with Using the Aggression Replacement Training

Adolescent is a transition period from childhood, therefore adolescents will show unique behavior and experience various difficulties in managing their emotions so that one of them will lead to aggressive behavior. Various impacts can occur due to aggressive behavior such as decreased learning achievement, bad social relations, anxiety, depression, and suicide. The goals of this study were to identify aggression replacement training can reduce aggressive behavior in adolescents. The design of this research is quasi experiment design and research design of one group pre-test post-test and sampling technique using purposive sampling. The population in this study were adolescents in vocational high school “X” in Padang city with a sample of 43 adolescents. Data were analyzed by using paired T-Test with significant value α=0,005. The results showed before giving aggression replacement training the average aggressive behavior of adolescents is 86.86 and after the average is 76.93. So it shows there is a significant difference in aggressive behavior between before and after given of aggression replacement training to adolescents. The influence aggression replacement training can reduce aggressive behavior in adolescents. The results of this study can be applied by psychiatric nurses for adolescents with aggressive behavior.
Visibility Prediction Model of Foggy Images Using Perceptual Fog-Aware Statistical Features )

We propose a no-reference perceptual fog density and visibility prediction model in a single foggy scene based on natural scene statistics (NSS) and perceptual “fog aware” statistical features. Unlike previous studies, the proposed model predicts fog density without multiple foggy images, without salient objects in a scene including lane markings or traffic signs, without supplementary geographical information using an onboard camera, and without training on human-rated judgments. The proposed fog density and visibility predictor makes use of only measurable deviations from statistical regularities observed in natural foggy and fog-free images. Perceptual “fog aware” statistical features are derived from a corpus of natural foggy and fog-free images by using a spatial NSS model and observed fog characteristics including low contrast, faint color, and shifted luminance. The proposed model not only predicts perceptual fog density for the entire image but also provides local fog density for each patch size. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model against human judgments regarding fog visibility, we executed a human subjective study using a variety of 100 foggy images. Results show that the predicted fog density of the model correlates well with human judgments. The proposed model is a new fog density assessment work based on human visual perceptions. We hope that the proposed model will provide fertile ground for future research not only to enhance the visibility of foggy scenes but also to accurately evaluate the performance of defog algorithms.
Evaluation of spinal toxicity and long-term spinal reflex function following intrathecal levobupivacaine in the neonatal rat

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia is utilized in children of all ages. Local anesthetics produce dose-dependent toxicity in certain adult models, but the developing spinal cord may also be susceptible to drug-induced apoptosis. In postnatal rodents, we examined effects of intrathecal levobupivacaine on neuropathology and long-term sensorimotor outcomes. Methods: Postnatal day 3 (P3) or P7 rat pups received intrathecal levobupivacaine 2.5mg/kg (0.5%) or saline. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds and motor block were assessed. Spinal cord tissue analysis included: apoptosis counts (activated-caspase3, Fluoro-Jade C) at 24 h; glial reactivity at 7 days; and histopathology in cord and cauda equina at 24 h and 7 days. Long-term spinal function in young adults (P35) was assessed by hindlimb withdrawal thresholds, electromyography responses to suprathreshold stimuli, and gait analysis. Results: Intrathecal levobupivacaine produced spinal anesthesia at P3 and P7. No increase in apoptosis or histopathological change was seen in the cord or cauda equina. In the P3 saline group, activated-caspase-3 (mean±SEM per lumbar cord section 6.1±0.3) and Fluoro-Jade C (12.1±1.2) counts were higher than at P7, but were not altered by levobupivacaine (P=0.62 and P=0.11, two-tailed Mann-Whitney test). At P35, mechanical withdrawal thresholds, thermal withdrawal latency and electromyographic reflex responses did not differ across P3 or P7 levobupivacaine or saline groups (one way ANOVA with Bonferroni comparisons). Intrathecal bupivacaine at P3 did not alter gait. Conclusion: Single dose intrathecal levobupivacaine 0.5% did not increase apoptosis or produce spinal toxicity in neonatal rat pups. This study provides preclinical safety data relevant to neonatal use of neuraxial local anesthesia.
Assessment of dietary intakes, nutritional risk and whole grain behaviors of community-residing adults age 60+ years

xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1 Background 1 Goals and Objectives 2 Thesis Organization 3 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 5 Introduction 5 Demographics 5 National 5 Iowa 6 New Hampshire 6 Rhode Island 7 Socioeconomic Barriers 7 Poverty. 7 Food Insecurity 8 Health Care 9 Chronic Disease 10 Disability 11 Malnutrition 12 Dietary Intake Frequencies 13 National 14 State-Specific 15 Whole Grains 17 Current Intakes and Recommendations 17 Health Benefits 18 Weight Management and Metabolic Syndrome 18 Cancer and Chronic Disease 19
Seasonal Groundwater Quality Status and Nitrogen Contamination in the Shallow Aquifer System of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

: The increasing concentration of nitrogen compounds in the groundwater is of a growing concern in terms of human health and groundwater quality. Although an excess of nitrogen compounds in the groundwater of the Kathmandu Valley has been reported, the seasonal variations of the fate of the nitrogen compounds and their relationships to the subsurface sediments are unknown. In this study, spatially distributed shallow dug well samples were collected during both the dry and wet seasons of 2016, and the nitrogen compound, chloride (Cl−), and iron (Fe2+) concentrations were analyzed. Two shallow dug wells and one deep tube well were monitored monthly for 2 years. Although NH4-N concentrations were similar in the clay-dominated areas during both seasons (1 and 0.9 mg-N/L), they were lower in the gravel-dominated areas during wet season (1.8 > 0.6 mg-N/L). The NO3-N concentration differed depending upon the soil type which increased during the wet season (clay 4.9 < 13.6 mg-N/L and gravel 2.5 < 6.8 mg-N/L). The Fe2+ concentration, however, was low during the wet season (clay 2.7 > 0.4 mg/L and gravel 2.8 > 0.3 mg/L). Long-term analysis showed higher fluctuation of nitrogen compounds in the gravel-bearing areas than in the clay-bearing areas.
Spatiotemporal downscaling under the volume-preserving constraint

The problem of prediction and simulation of point values from spatially and/or temporally aggregated block data is addressed within the change of support problem. We show that the geostatistical framework explicitly account for support differences between available data---spatiotemporal block data---and the target predictions at a higher spatial and/or temporal resolution, and yield coherent predictions (volumepreserving property). The spatiotemporal simulation allows performing uncertainty analysis associated with the downscaled values. In a case study we demonstrate that the downscaled predictions/simulated values reproduce the original spatiotemporal block data values, and the summary statistics of the original data, such as the mean and the spatio-temporal covariance structure, using both real world data and simulated spatiotemporal values.
Pulse Electrodeposition of Palladium Nanoparticles onto Silicon in DMSO

The deposition of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on the surface of n-Si (100) substrate by pulsed electrolysis in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions of Pd(NO3)2 was investigated. It has been shown that nonaqueous medium (DMSO) contributes the Pd (II) recovery at high cathode potential values avoiding side processes to occur. In combination with the pulse mode, this allows the deposition of spherical PdNPs with their uniform distribution on the silicon surface. We established that the main factors influencing the geometry of PdNPs are the value of the cathode potential, the concentration of palladium ions in solution, and the number of pulse-pause cycles. It is shown that with increasing Ecathode value there is a tendency to increase the density of silicon surface filling with nanoparticles. As the concentration of Pd(NO3)2 increases from 1 to 6 mM, the density of silicon surface filling with PdNPs and their average size also increase. We found that with increasing the number of pulse-pause cycles, there is a predominant growth of nanoparticles in diameter, which causes 2D filling of the substrate surface.
Suppression of non-small cell lung cancer migration and invasion by hsa-miR-486-5p via the TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling pathway

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. SMAD family member 2 (SMAD2) is a key element downstream of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway that regulates cancer metastasis by promoting the epithelial-mesenchyme transition (EMT). MicroRNA miR-486-5p is a tumor suppressor in NSCLC progression. However, it remains unclear whether miR-486-5p is implicated in TGF-β signaling and EMT in NSCLC. In the present study, high expression of SMAD2 mRNA was detected in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and was associated with poor survival of patients with NSCLC. By contrast, miR-486-5p was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. In silico prediction showed that SMAD2 was a potential target of miR-486-5p. The prediction was verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Transwell assays showed that knockdown of SMAD2 inhibited TGF-β-induced EMT and migration and invasion in NSCLC cells. Similarly, miR-486-5p overexpression suppressed TGF-β-induced EMT and migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. The present study provides a new insight into the role of miR-486-5p in regulating TGF-β-mediated EMT and invasion in NSCLC.
Comparison of Molding Sand Technology Between Alphaset (APNB) and Furan (FNB)

The paper focuses on investigation of properties of two most widely used self-set sand binder systems APNB and FNB across the Globe, for making molds and cores in foundries to produce castings of different sizes involving wide range of metals and alloys, ferrous and nonferrous. This includes study of compression strength values of samples made out of molding sand at different binder addition level using new, mechanically reclaimed (MR) and thermally reclaimed (TR) sand. Strength values studied include dry strength (at room temperature) at specified intervals simulating different stages of mold handling, namely stripping and pre heating, followed by degraded strength after application of thinner based zircon wash by brush, subsequent lighting of, then checking strength both in warm (degraded strength) & cold (recovered strength) conditions. Throughout the cycle of mold movement from stripping to knock out, strength requirements can be divided into two broad classifications, one from stripping to closing (dry strength) and another from pouring to knock out (hot & retained strength). Although the process for checking of dry strength are well documented, no method using simple equipments for checking hot & retained strength are documented in literature. Attempts have been made in this paper to use some simple methods to standardize process for checking high strength properties using ordinary laboratory equipments. Temperature of 450°C has been chosen by trial & error method to study high temperature properties to get consistent & amplified values. Volume of gases generated for both binders in laboratory at 850°C have also been measured. Nature of gases including harmful BTEX and PAH generated on pyrolysis of FNB and APNB bonded sands are already documented in a publication [1]. This exercise has once again been repeated in same laboratory, AGH University, Poland with latest binder formulations in use in two foundries in India.
International profiles of health care systems, 2012

This publication presents overviews of the health care systems of Australia, Canada, Den- mark, England, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States. Each overview covers health insurance, public and private financing, health system organization and governance, health care quality and coordination, disparities, efficiency and integration, use of information technology and evidence-based practice, cost containment, and recent reforms and innovations. In addition, summary tables provide data on a number of key health system characteristics and performance indicators, including overall health care spending, hospital spending and utilization, health care access, patient safety, care coordina- tion, chronic care management, disease prevention, capacity for quality improvement, and public views.
Examining Complaint Handling Processes among Ghanaian Rural Banks and its Influence on Customer Satisfaction

The purpose of the study is to understand how effective customer complaint handling procedure among Ghanaian rural banks enhances customer satisfaction. A cross-sectional research on 72 rural banks and 3,622 rural banking customers through questionnaire is conducted. The sample framework included customers of the rural banks who frequently visit the bank premises for transactions and have accounts with the bank for at least 5 years. Responses are analyzed using Chi-square goodness of fit test, ANOVA, multiple regression and Pearson moment correlation. The regression results predicted that effective complaint handling procedures among rural banks will significantly influence the level of satisfaction among customers. The Pearson-moment correlation as well confirms that there exist a significant and stronger relationship between complaint handling procedures and customer satisfaction among rural banking. This study focuses on rural banking customer service management and satisfaction in Ghana. The area of complaint handling processes among rural banks remains a gap in previous literature which needed to be filled.