Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A compact reconfigurable bandpass/lowpass filter with independent transmission zeros based on generalized NRI metamaterial

This article introduces a new design and analysis of a compact reconfigurable bandpass/lowpass filter based on compact negative refractive index metamaterial transmission line. The filter equivalent circuit has been designed as a cascade of three cells of bisected‐Π/Π configuration. The reconfigurable function was achieved using inserted switches in ON and OFF modes within the cells. The filter works as bandpass when all switches are in ON condition and for lowpass switch‐1 is in OFF and switch‐2 in ON condition. The low pass filter has 3‐dB cutoff frequency of 3.25 GHz with a selectivity of 170 dB/GHz. The bandpass filter is cantered at 3.65 GHz and has a well‐matched pass band with insertion loss of 0.2 dB and wide stop band with two transmission zeros (TZs). The frequency positions of TZs are independently varying with series and shunt loading elements. The filter performance has been validated through circuit model, electromagnetic simulation, and experimental measurements. The electrical size of bandpass filter excluding feed line is 0.22 λg × 0.20 λg (12 × 11 mm2) at center frequency of 3.65 GHz and for lowpass filter is 0.19 λg × 0.18 λg at cutoff frequency of 3.25 GHz. The filter can be applied in suitable for different wireless applications.
Infrastructuring for Participatory Design: Supporting Student Agency in School Technology Use

Author(s): Lee, Ung-Sang Albert | Advisor(s): Gomez, Kimberley | Abstract: This dissertation examines how infrastructures for more agentic participation of students in the design and implementation of school technology practices were developed in a participatory design-based research-practice partnership (Bang a Vossoughi, 2016) between a university and high school students a university-affiliated community school. The four-year partnership, primarily between a group of high school students and I as the university researcher that aimed to position students as key stakeholders in the school’s design of technology practices led to a number of design outcomes, which included a site-specific school e-portfolio system (Lorenzo a Ittelson, 2005). This study, as a design ethnography (Barab et al., 2004) focuses on the relationships between the school e-portfolio system as a design outcome, the processes of building participatory design infrastructures (Le Dantec a DiSalvo, 2013) with high school students, and the characteristics of student participation and development in the context of the collaborative design processes. Results will show the ways in which existing school culture and practices provided a fertile ground for the participating students and I to co-construct a collaborative design infrastructure that was continuously refined and re-organized to address newly visible, context-specific needs in the design domain as well as the design processes. Students participating in these processes were increasingly positioned and viewed themselves as authoritative and agentic participants in the collaboration. In this context, a constellation of assets they brought to bear to the design processes and embodied in the design outcomes informed their engagement with the design processes, their critique and conceptualization of school technology practices, and further development of individual and organizational equity. While this study focuses on the processes of developing school technology practices and will have much to offer in this domain, especially for those looking to critically examine equity in the design of school technology practices, the findings speak to broader implications on how to construct context-specific processes that view students and local stakeholders from an asset perspective and conceptualize, design and implement educational practices based on local theories of equity.
Driver Drowsiness Detection Techniques: Review

—This document is a review report on the research conducted in the field of computer engineering to develop a system for driver drowsiness detection to prevent accidents from happening because of driver fatigue and sleepiness. The novel proposed the results and solutions on the limited implementation of the various techniques that are introduced in the thesis-es on the topic. The document discusses the many solutions available for detecting fatigue and their efficacy in preventing accidents in the current state of traffic. Furthermore, the paper states the overview of the observations made by the authors in order to help further optimization in the mentioned field to achieve the utility at a better efficiency for a safer road.
State Machine Implementation for Human Object Tracking using Combination of MobileNet, KCF Tracker, and HOG Features

Since the Viola and Jones' method on real-time face detection was proposed in 2001, numerous works for object detection, person recognition, and object tracking have been published by papers and journals. Each method has its strong points and drawbacks. That means that in a system which only employs a standalone method, we could only get either speed or accuracy. In this paper, we proposed a state-machine method to combine face recognition, face detection, and tracker to harness the tracker promptness while maintaining the ability to distinguish the person of interest with the other person and backgrounds, to overcome the limitations of the standalone method. Subsequently, the information gathered from this image processing side will be delivered to the hardware tracker. The image processing side becomes a visual sensor that provides feedback or measurement value i.e. center point coordinate value from the detected face. The 2 DOF hardware tracker camera platform being used implements Model Predictive Control to calculate required control action thus the platform is able to track the target object, keeping it at the center of the frame. MPC method is chosen because it produces an optimal control signal while considering the input signal saturation aspect. The MPC control signals deliver a good control pan and tilt system response with rise time < 1 second and overshoot <15%. It is also noticed that the FSM implemented in this paper is able to meet the goal with a considerable performance for indoor settings.
Using text mining to track outbreak trends in global surveillance of emerging diseases: ProMED‐mail

ProMED‐mail (Program for Monitoring Emerging Disease) is an international disease outbreak monitoring and early warning system. Every year, users contribute thousands of reports that include reference to infectious diseases and toxins. However, due to the uneven distribution of the reports for each disease, traditional statistics‐based text mining techniques, represented by term frequency‐related algorithm, are not suitable. Thus, we conducted a study in three steps (i) report filtering, (ii) keyword extraction from reports and finally (iii) word co‐occurrence network analysis to fill the gap between ProMED and its utilization. The keyword extraction was performed with the TextRank algorithm, keywords co‐occurrence networks were then produced using the top keywords from each document and multiple network centrality measures were computed to analyse the co‐occurrence networks. We used two major outbreaks in recent years, Ebola, 2014 and Zika 2015, as cases to illustrate and validate the process. We found that the extracted information structures are consistent with World Health Organisation description of the timeline and phases of the epidemics. Our research presents a pipeline that can extract and organize the information to characterize the evolution of epidemic outbreaks. It also highlights the potential for ProMED to be utilized in monitoring, evaluating and improving responses to outbreaks.
Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score validation in Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND: Early risk stratification plays a pivotal role in the optimal management of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction/unstable angina (NSTEMI/UA) acute coronary syndromes and certainly improving patients care and their final outcomes. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score was developed from randomized clinical trials on patients with NSTEMI and UA, and it has been validated in non-selected Western patient populations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess the validity of TIMI risk score on NSTEMI and UA patients in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 194 patients diagnosed with NSTEMI or UA. They were consecutively included over a two-year period. Data were collected from medical records, TIMI score was calculated and 30 days outcome was recorded. Model discrimination and calibration was tested in the overall enrolled population. RESULTS: Validity of TIMI score in predicting in hospital mortality within 30 days of diagnosis of NSTEMI or UA in Saudi population was assessed by ROC curve and binary logistic regression analysis. The accuracy of discrimination of the TIMI risk score was poor; the area under the ROC curve (AUC) or C-index was 0.612 (95% CI: 0.539 to 0.681). Binary logistic regression model revealed good calibration or model fit of TIMI risk score as revealed by the Hosmer and Lemes how test for the constructed logistic model; p value was 0.934 (>0.05) denoting good model fit. CONCLUSION: The generalizability of this single-center study requires further confirmation in a larger sample population allowing stratification of the study participants into different subgroups according to known important risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, renal failure, or age, so that the performance of the TIMI risk score could be comprehensively assessed before deciding its application in our population.
Evaluation of Firewall and Load balance in Fat-Tree Topology Based on Floodlight Controller

Today it has become important to reconfigure the networks in to new form to be more manageable, scalable, dynamic and programmable. The networks recently are so inflexible and failing to deal with the required changes for the Information Technology. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a modern paradigm that focused to change the main idea of current network infrastructure (traditional network) by breaking the chain between the data forwarding and the control planes to introduce flexible programmability network. This paper makes comparison between the performance of traditional fat-tree network and SDN fat-tree network, which found that average Round Tripe Time (RTT) in SDN fat-tree topology will decrease by 8.96% than traditional fat-tree topology. Then shows the basic operation of OpenFlow protocol that can be applied on fat-tree topology by using SDN technology and how that can be effect on the performance of network and make it more flexible to enable the SDN module applications, like load balancer and firewall for optimizing the SDN network. In this paper the physical switches are replaced by software switches in a virtual network environment and display the SDN structure in GUI, also Floodlight controller is chosen to use as the network operating system for SDN network.
Reproductive Performance Of Cross-Bred Sudanese Dairy Cows Treated With Pgf2α Or Gnrh During Early Postpartum Period

viii Abstract (Arabic) x Introduction 1 Chapter One: Literature Review 4 1.1 Postpartum period in dairy cows 4 1.1.1 Definition 4 1.1.2 Suboestrous or silent heat 7 1.1.3 Factors effecting postpartum ovarian activity 8 1.1.3.1 Hormonal influence 8 1.1.3.2 Milking and suckling 12 1.1.3.3 Season 13 1.1.3.4 Body condition score (BCS) and nutrition 14 1.1.3.5 Age 16 1.1.3.6 Milk yield 16 1.1.3.7 Uterine infections 17 1.1.3.8 Breed 19 1.1.3.9 Management 20 1.1.3.10 Uterine Involution 20 1.1.3.10. 1 Factors influencing the uterine involution 21 1.2 Service perconception 22 1.3 Days open 22 1.4 Calving interval 23 1.5 Hormonal treatment of dairy cows during postpartum 23 Treatment with PGF2α 23 The effect of PGF2α on uterine involution 24 Hormonal treatment in postpartum dairy cows with GnRH 25 Treatment with GnRH 25 Page The effect of GnRH on uterine involution 26 Chapter Two: Materials and Methods 28 2.1 Study area 28 2.2 Animals 28 2.2.1 Management and feeding 29 2.2.2 Health control 29 2.2.3 Housing 30 2.2.4 Body weight 30 2.2.5 Heat detection 30 2.2.5.1 Observation 30 2.2.5.2 Progesterone radioimmunoassay (RIA) 31 2.2. 6 Uterine involution 31 2.2. 7 Cow service 31 2.2. 8 Number of services per conception 31 2.2. 9 Days open 32 2.2.10 Calving interval 32 2.2.11 Pregnancy diagnosis 32 2.3 Radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure 32 2.3.1 Milk sampling 33 2.3.2 Principles 33 2.3.3 Material supplied 34 2.3.4 Procedure 34 2.4 Experimental design 36 2.4. 1 Experiment 1 36 2.4. 2 Experiment 2 37 2.5 Statistical analysis 37 Chapter Three: Results 38 3.1 The effects of PGF2α on different post-partum parameters 38 3.1.1 Uterine involution 38 3.1.2 Post-partum period 38 3.1.3 Number of service per conception 41 3.1.4 Days open 41 3.1.5 Calving interval 44 Page 3.2 The effects of GnRH on different postpartum parameters 46 3.2.1 Uterine involution 46 3.2.2 Length of postpartum period 46 3.2.3 Number of services per conception 49 3.2.4 Days open 49 3.2.5 Calving interval 49 Chapter Four: Discussion 53 Conclusion and Recommendations 58 References 60 Appendices
Influence of Isokinetic Knee Muscle Torque at Different Angular Velocities on Standing Posture Stability in Healthy Adults

Abstract Objectives Knee muscle groups contribute to proper and safe static and dynamic standing posture stability. The impact of isokinetic knee muscle torque at various angular velocities on standing posture stability is poorly understood. We investigated the influence of isokinetic knee muscle torque at different angular velocities on standing posture stability. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting King Saud University Campus labs. Method The study population was a convenience sample of 30 healthy volunteer college students with a mean age of 20±2 years. Isokinetic concentric peak torque (PT) of knee extensor (Q) and flexor (H) muscle groups as well as the flexor to extensor (H:Q) ratio at three different angular velocities: (60, 180, and 300°/s) were measured, respectively. The postural stability was also measured in both static and dynamic components. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the association between the different isokinetic components and postural stability (both static and dynamic). Results The PT of Q and H muscle groups and the H:Q ratio at the 3 different angular velocities were significantly associated with static standing balance with eye open on a firm surface (p<0.033). Moreover, the PT of Q at 60 and 180°/s angular velocities was significantly associated with maximum and endpoint excursion components of dynamic standing balance (p<0.044). Conclusions The PT of both Q and H muscle groups at different angular velocities are associated with maintenance of standing static balance. PT of Q only is significantly associated with control of dynamic standing balance in the lower angular velocities.
Implementation of the sugeno fuzzy logic method in identifying the quality of coffee beans

Identifying the quality of coffee beans is quite important to be followed up better because it involves the products to be processed or traded. Because the management is quite a lot and complicated, it is proposed to design an application for identifying the quality of coffee beans. With these demands, it is necessary to measure the quality of coffee beans by using Sugeno’s Fuzzy Logic method. The identification of the quality of coffee beans using Fuzzy Sugeno by using the Sugeno Fuzzy model of the zero order and using the rule as much as 36, which is in accordance with the need to support the conclusions of quality from the identification results.
Finance and Intangibles in American Economic Growth: Eating the Family Cow

Abstract The American economy changed rapidly since the World Wars as producers expanded new products and services in communication, computers and transportation. We kept track of this transformation through the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), a set of statistical constructs designed before these changes started. The national accounts stretched to accommodate these new and growing activities, but efforts to fit them into our measurement of national product and of economic growth have not yet borne fruit. I argue in this paper that our current economic data fail to describe accurately the path of growth in our new economy. They fail to reveal that the United States is consuming its capital stock now and will suffer later, rather like killing the family cow to have a steak dinner.
Linear Precoding and Stream Combining for Rate Splitting in Multiuser MIMO Systems

This letter develops practical linear precoding and stream combining techniques for rate-splitting (RS) in multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We propose linear combining techniques based on the Min-Max, the maximum ratio and the minimum mean-square error criteria along with Regularized Block Diagonalization (RBD) precoders for RS-based multiuser multiple-antenna systems. An analysis of the sum rate performance is carried out, leading to closed-form expressions. Simulations show that the proposed combining schemes offer a significant sum rate performance gain over conventional linear precoding schemes.
Early Prediction of University Dropouts – A Random Forest Approach

Abstract We predict university dropout using random forests based on conditional inference trees and on a broad German data set covering a wide range of aspects of student life and study courses. We model the dropout decision as a binary classification (graduate or dropout) and focus on very early prediction of student dropout by stepwise modeling students’ transition from school (pre-study) over the study-decision phase (decision phase) to the first semesters at university (early study phase). We evaluate how predictive performance changes over the three models, and observe a substantially increased performance when including variables from the first study experiences, resulting in an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.86. Important predictors are the final grade at secondary school, and also determinants associated with student satisfaction and their subjective academic self-concept and self-assessment. A direct outcome of this research is the provision of information to universities wishing to implement early warning systems and more personalized counseling services to support students at risk of dropping out during an early stage of study.
KLASIFIKASI AYAT AL-QURAN TERJEMAHAN BAHASA INGGRIS MENGGUNAKAN K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR (KNN) DAN INFORMATION GAIN

Al-Quran is a holy book that contains instructions and instructions for the life of Muslims. In the Al-Quran there are interpretations quoted from the previous verse and have an implied meaning, so to be able to obtain these verses textually and contextually it is necessary to classify the interpretation of the Al-Quran to facilitate Muslims in finding topics in theAl-Quran. In this study, it is proposed to classify the topic of Al-Quran verses in English translation which consists of three classifications, namely commands, prohibitions and others. In this research the system design is done by collecting datasets, preprocessing to get clean data, selecting features using gain information, classifying using the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method, and testing the system. The results of the tests conducted resulted in a value 64,10% for accuracy, 63% for precision, and 62.68% for recall using the value of k = 17 and the dataset containing data testing and data training of 1:9, respectively. Keywords : classification, topics of Al-Quran, K-Nearest Neighbor, Information gain.
Structure-guided DNA–DNA attraction mediated by divalent cations

Probing the role of surface structure in electrostatic interactions, we report the first observation of sequence-dependent dsDNA condensation by divalent alkali cations. Disparate behaviors were found between two repeating sequences with 100% AT content, a poly(A)-poly(T) duplex (AA-TT) and a poly(AT)-poly(TA) duplex (AT-TA). While AT-TA exhibits non-distinguishable behaviors from random-sequence genomic DNA, AA-TT condenses in all divalent alkali ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+). We characterized these interactions experimentally and investigated the underlying principles using all-atom computer simulations. Both experiment and simulation demonstrate that AA-TT condensation is driven by nonspecific ion-DNA interactions, which depend on the structures of ions and DNA surface. Detailed analyses reveal sequence-enhanced major groove binding (SEGB) of point-charged alkali ions as the major difference between AA-TT and AT-TA, which originates from the continuous and close stacking of nucleobase partial charges in AA-TT but not in AT-TA. These SEGB cations elicit attraction via spatial correlations with the phosphate backbone of neighboring helices, reminiscent of the “DNA-zipper” model, which though assumes non-electrostatic cation groove binding a priori. Our study thus presents a distinct molecular mechanism of DNA-DNA interaction in which sequence-directed surface motifs act with abundant divalent alkali cations non-specifically to enact sequence-dependent behaviors. This physical insight allows a renewed understanding of the function of repeating DNA sequences in genome organization and regulation and offers a facile approach for DNA technology to control the assembly process of DNA nanostructures.
An attempt to estimate the competency gap in the IT sector

Objective: The aim of this article is to determine whether there is a gap between the demand for competencies of graduates of the computer science major and their supply. Research Design & Methods: Identification of the key set of competencies required by employers from job applicants and estimation of the competency gap in the IT sector was conducted using the method of exploratory analysis of job offers for positions related to the administration of IT systems. Findings: The results of the preliminary research shown that proposed method can be used for estimation of competency gap however it requires more experiments. Contribution & Value Added: Proposition of new method for competency gap calculation based on exploratory analysis of data available in the Internet.
Study of the Six Minute Walk Test in Healthy Adults of 17 to 50 Years

Background and Aim: Six minute walk test tells about the functional exercise capacity. Six minute walk test can be used in both normal as well as diseased individuals The aim of the present study was to find out effect of six minute walk test in healthy adults of 17-50 years. Methods: The present study is observational and cross section study.240 healthy participants who volunteered to participate were between age of 17-50 years, free from Injury and with no History of hospitalization or chronic disease influencing their exercise capacity were recruited. Anthropometric variables (age, weight, height and Body Mass Index (BMI), were recorded before and after the test along with SpO2), Heart Rate (HR), Blood Pressure (BP) as well as Borg’s Scale. Results: The statistical analysis of the data clearly shows that all the parameters like SpO2, Systolic BP, Diastolic BP and heart rate, significantly increased after the 6 min walk test. The mean values of all the parameters like SpO2, systolic BP, diastolic BP and heart rate after the 6 min walk test were calculated and compared with the mean values of same parameters before the 6 min walk test was performed. The difference in 6 min walk test among different variable like visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, skeletal muscle mass, total body fat as well as BMI were statistically significant except Waist Hip Ratio (WHR). Physiological responses of parameters like SpO2, Systolic BP, Diastolic BP and Heart rate before and after 6 minute walk test were statistically significant. (P˂0.05). Conclusion: Six minute walk test is beneficial to determine cardiac efficiency and early detection of cardiac diseases.