Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of task and maternal verbosity on compliance in toddlers

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between compliance in toddlers and maternal verbosity as well as the type of task. Mothers and their toddlers completed a warm-up task, a proactive toy clean-up task, and a prohibitive forbidden objects task. Mothers were assigned to one of two verbosity conditions (high versus low) and to one of two nurturance conditions (high versus low) where the rates of verbosity and nurturance were experimentally manipulated. It was hypothesized that toddlers would demonstrate higher noncompliance when given high levels of verbosity than toddlers given low levels of verbosity. It was expected that toddlers would demonstrate higher noncompliance when given low levels of nurturance than toddlers given high levels of nurturance. It was also expected that toddlers would demonstrate more noncompliance in the prohibitive task than they would in the proactive task. Results indicated that the rates of child compliance were related to the level of maternal verbosity with greater noncompliance being exhibited by children who received high levels of verbosity than those who received low levels of verbosity. Child compliance rates were also related to the type of task, with greater noncompliance exhibited in the proactive task versus the prohibitive task. Excessive detail about what children should or should not do appears to be related to child behavior and supports Patterson’s premise of ‘nattering’. Child behavior also was related to the type of task in which the child was engaged. These findings have direct implications for individuals working with or raising very young children. Copyright r 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discussion of "Financial Intermediation in a Global Environment" (Victoria Nuguer).

The 2007-09 global financial crisis has led to a rethinking of the role of financial intermediaries for economic fluctuations. Before the financial crisis, the workhorse macro models used by policy institutions and by academic researchers abstracted from banks (e.g., Christiano et al. (2005)). The crisis has stimulated much research that incorporates banks into quantitative dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models. Given the global nature of the banking industry, and of the financial crisis, that research has frequently focused on open economy models; see, e.g., Devereux and Sutherland (2011), Kollmann et al. (2011, 2013), Perri and Quadrini (2011), Ueda (2012), Dedola et al. (2013), Kamber and Thoenissen (2013) and Kollmann (2013). In this new class of DSGE models, bank capital is a key state variable for real activity; negative shocks to bank capital are predicted to increase the spread between banks’ lending and deposit rates, and to trigger a fall in bank credit, investment and output; with a globalized banking system, losses on bank assets in one country can thus lead to a worldwide recession. The paper by Victoria Nuguer makes a very interesting contribution to the new literature on open economy DSGE models with banks. Her paper highlights the role of country asymmetries for the transmission of banking shocks, and for the optimal policy response to those shocks. While most related studies assume symmetric countries, Victoria Nuguer considers a world with two countries of vastly different size. Victoria Nuguer’s paper thereby provides important insights into the role of country asymmetries for the transmission of financial shocks, and for optimal policy. Her paper also suggests fascinating avenues for future research.
Molecular imprinting of glycoprotein recognition sites using surface initiated radical polymerization

Since the importance of glycoproteins and their role in the development of diseases are becoming increasingly recognised there is a growing need for highly sensitive and selective glycoprotein recognition platforms. Herein, a novel molecularly imprinted glycoprotein sensor that displays a high affinity for its target glycoprotein was developed using surface-initiated radical polymerisation. The sensor was developed by first fabricating a suitable self-assembled monolayer (SAM) that was then used as the foundation from which the polymerisation procedure to later be used for the imprinting procedure was developed. Particular focus was given to establishing control over the polymerisation reaction in order to optimise the thickness of the polymer layer to the desired depth. Alongside these investigations, complexation studies aimed at elucidating the binding of a functional boronic acid monomer to the model glycoprotein, RNase B, were undertaken using mass spectrometry. Here, we aimed to optimise the binding conditions to encourage the monomer ligand to bind the glycoprotein, whilst also ensuring that the protein remained stable in these conditions. Finally, we brought together these studies to then form imprints for RNase B. Several imprints were fabricated and then extensively characterised, following which surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to examine their binding affinities towards the RNase B target and control glycoproteins.
Experimental investigation of jet fragment diameter in BWR complicated structures using image processing techniques

ABSTRACT To estimate the status of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant’s reactor pressure vessel, it is important to understand the breakup and fragmentation behavior of a molten jet of core fuel in the lower plenum of a boiling water reactor (BWR). To clarify the effects of complicated structures on jet breakup and fragmentation, we conducted experiments to visualize jet falling behavior, simulating conditions of a severe BWR accident using a multi-channel experimental apparatus. In this study, we developed a new image-processing method that could recognize fragments in a liquid-liquid flow and estimate fragment diameter of a molten jet in the BWR lower plenum under several inlet conditions. We clarified that complicated structures, such as control rod guide tubes, have little effect on fragment diameter, and that inlet velocity is the dominant factor affecting fragment diameter. This indicates that shear stress would occur at the crest of interfacial waves at the side of the jet, leading to its fragmentation. Finally, the fragment diameters measured in this study show good agreement with the correlation based on shear stress, and a new correlation to predict the jet fragment diameter was developed by fitting the constant correlation value from the experimental result using a simulant fluid.
A New Hybrid Methodology According to NSM CFRP Technique for the Flexural Strengthening of RC Beams

The objective of this paper is to propose a new hybrid methodology according to near surface mounted (NSM) technique, using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement for the flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams. This NSM hybrid flexural strengthening technique combines non-prestressed and prestressed CFRP laminates in the same application in order to provide a good balance in terms of load carrying and ultimate displacement capacity to the strengthened elements. An experimental program composed of six RC beams was carried out to assess the benefits of this NSM hybrid technique when compared to the use of non-prestressed or prestressed NSM CFRP laminates (NSM prestressing technique). For this purpose, the performance of both techniques in terms of crack width, prevailing failure mode, ultimate displacement capacity, energy absorption, and load carrying capacity of the strengthened beams was assessed. The experimental tests were also simulated by executing advanced 3D nonlinear finite element analysis. Moreover, the potentialities of other configurations for the NSM hybrid technique by adopting different non-prestressed CFRP reinforcement ratios were numerically assessed executing a parametric study, and the relevant results are presented and discussed.
DỊCH MÁY THỐNG KÊ PHÁP-VIỆT KẾT HỢP THÔNG TIN GIÓNG HÀNG

Nowadays, among Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) models, the phrase-based SMT is highly appreciated, however, this model is still lacked of linguistics knowledge at a higher level such as morphological, syntactic and semantic information. Consequently, the results of this approach are still limited by the issue of long sentences. So, using morphological information from such as phrase chunking on the purpose of reducing the length of sentences to improve the translation quality is a promising approach. And thus, it contributes to disambiguate the chunk alignment in the long sentences. In this paper, we present an approach of a chunk alignment applied to French-Vietnamese SMT. We tested the model system with a French-Vietnamese bilingual corpus which consists of 10,000 pairs and assessed the metrics measures. The result of the model of French-Vietnamese SMT based on chunk alignment is considerable with the BLEU metric measure which increases almost 2% compared to the baseline model.
Simultaneous Determination of Quaternary Mixture of Sulfamethoxazole , Trimethoprim , Propylparaben and Methylparaben in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Mean Centering of Ratio Spectra = التقدير المتزامن لمخلوط رباعي من سلفميثاكسوزول و ترايميثوبريم و بروبيل بارابين و ميثيل بارابين للتركيبات الدوائ

Spectrophotometric method is proposed for the simultaneous determination of quaternary mixture of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, propylparaben and methylparaben in pharmaceutical formulations without prior separation steps, using mean centering of ratio spectra. The method is based on the difference in the absorption spectra for sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, propylparaben and methylparaben. The method allows rapid and accurate determination of the four components. The results showed that the method was capable to simultaneous determination of 2.5-64.0, 2.0-30.0, 0.16-20.0 and 0.8-20.0 μg/mL each of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, propylparaben and methylparaben. The results obtained were statistically compared with a developed classical least squares method(CLS). No significant difference was found between the two proposed methods. The proposed method has been successfully applied to simultaneous determination of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, propylparaben and methylparaben in synthetic and pharmaceutical formulations.
STUDY ON VITAMIN D3 AND LIPID PROFILE LEVELS IN OBESE POPULATION OF NORTH INDIA

There has been a worldwide increase in the prevalence of obesity and a parallel resurgence of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency and low calcium intakes are important risk factors for osteoporosis. The present study was done to find out the prevalence of Vitamin D and Lipid profile derangements in obese population of North India. 50 obese individuals (25M & 25 F) with WHR >0.85 and BMI> 30 were taken in study group in age group ranging from 25 to 60 years. Equal numbers of healthy subjects were taken (26M & 24F) and these patients were screened at Adesh Medical College Bathinda, Punjab, India. We observed significantly increased levels of Cholesterol (p<0.006), Triglycerides (p <0.001), S.L.D.L (p <0.001), S.V. L.D.L (p <0.001) & S.A. L.P (p <0.001) levels in obese Individuals as compared to normal individuals.
Title Linking centennial surface warming patterns in the equatorial pacific to the relative strengths of the Walker and Hadley circulations Permalink

This study analyzes representative concentration pathway 4.5 projections by 18 models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project to show that surface warming patterns in the equatorial Pacific during the twenty-first century (centennial warming) are influenced by the relative strengths of the Walker and Hadley circulations. The stronger the Hadley (Walker) circulation is, the greater the surface warming in the central Pacific (CP) [eastern Pacific (EP)]. The EP warming is associated with the Bjerknes feedback, while the CP warming is associated with the wind–evaporation–sea surface temperature feedback. This atmospheric circulation influence on the centennial warming is similar to that found for the EP and CP El Niño. This suggests a methodology to constrain the estimate of the projected surface warming patterns in the equatorial Pacific using recent El Niño activity. The constraint indicates that the ‘‘most likely’’ centennial warming patterns have a maximum in the EP and are 39% weaker than the warming projected by the 18-model mean. The most-likely projection also shows alternating stronger and weaker warming in the subtropical North Pacific, which is not predicted by the 18-model mean projection. Nevertheless, the two projections agree on the minimum warming in the southeastern subtropical Pacific.
Project VeSElkA: a search for the vertical stratification of element abundances in HD 157087

The new spectropolarimetric spectra of HD157087 obtained recently with ESPaDOnS at CFHT are analysed to verify the nature of this object. The fundamental stellar parameters $T_{\rm eff}$ = 8882 K, $\log{g}$=3.57 have been obtained for HD157087 from the analysis of nine Balmer line profiles in two available spectra. Comparison of the results of our abundance analysis with the previously published data shows a variability of average abundance with time for some chemical species, while the abundance of other elements remains almost the same. The abundance analysis also reveals evidence of a significant abundance increase towards the deeper atmospheric layers for C, S, Ca, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni and Zr. Together with the found enhanced abundance of Ca and Sc this fact contradicts the classification of HD157087 as a marginal Am star. Analysis of the available measurements of radial velocity results in detection of long periodic and short periodic variations. The long periodic variation supports the idea that HD157087 is an astrometric binary system with a period higher than 6 years. The presence of short periodic variation of $V_{\rm r}$, as well as the detection of temporal variation of average abundance suggest that HD157087 may be a triple system, where a short periodic binary rotates around a third star. In this case, the short periodic binary may consist of slowly rotating Am and A (or Ap with weak magnetic field) stars that have similar effective temperature and surface gravity, but different abundance peculiarities.
Contraceptive Choice and Switching Pattern among Married Women in Rural Community of South East Ethiopia

Background: Expanding access to long acting and permanent contraceptive methods has multiple benefits. They give women greater choice in selecting a contraceptive that meets their needs for delaying, spacing, or limiting pregnancy. They have the highest continuation rates of all family planning methods, and are more effective in actual use than short-acting methods for preventing unintended or closely spaced pregnancy. The study assessed the contraceptive knowledge, choice and switching pattern of married women in Agarfa District, Oromia, 2014. Method: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Agarfa district. A total of 788 married women aged 15-49 years were involved in the survey. They were selected through systematic random sampling technique. The data were collected by using structured interviewer administered questionnaire, and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Result: The most ever known (98.5%) and ever used (81.5%) type of modern contraceptive was Depo-provera. Permanent methods were rarely recognized as contraceptive method. Three forth (75.9%) of the participants were on modern contraceptive during the interview time. Twenty nine percent of those who want to limit their birth were not taking any modern contraceptive (MC). Nearly half (45%) of the participants stated fear of side effect was their main reason for non use of MC. Thirty percent (29.4%) of the participants had history of method shift from one MC to other MC method. The highest shift was observed from pill to depo-provera (49.1%), followed by depo-provera to implants (26.7%). Conclusion: Women’s awareness and choice of contraceptives is limited to short acting methods. There is perceived fear of side effects of modern contraceptive. Women desiring no more children were not using any method. Therefore, strengthening the FP counseling to address fears of side effects and increase client awareness of expected and unexpected side-effects of all methods is essential.
The Demand for Crop Insurance Combined Approaches for France and Italy

The aim of this paper is to understand which factors affect crop insurance decision in France and in Italy. These neighbor countries are characterized by a changing insurance system from a public fund to private policies which are highly subsidized. Despite the stakes related to crop insurance - CAP reform, size of the market, implication of the governments -, few studies have been drawn on this topic. The literature in finance and in agricultural economics allows to build a two-stage empirical model which computes the elasticities of demand for crop insurance, and to define its key determinants. It appears that France and Italy present similar insurance systems in terms of products and of ability to indemnify. However, the farmers' sensitivity to insurance is most contrasted across the Alps. This leads to a discussion about the creation of an insurance market at the European scale.
Evaluating Administrative Efficiency Change in the Post-Merger Period

This article analyzes the change in municipal administrative efficiency in the post-merger period using the data of 92 municipalities in Ibaraki prefecture for the period 1979–2004. For this purpose, the authors employ a nonparametric programming method to compute a data envelopment analysis (DEA)/Malmquist indices (MI). These indices are decomposed into two component measures, namely, catch-up (CU) and frontier shift (FS) indices. The authors found that the administrative efficiency in Ibaraki prefecture in the post-merger period was monotonically regressed; however, the efficiency scores of merging municipalities were found to be higher than those of nonmerging ones. Scale change did not necessarily contribute to an efficiency change in the post-merger period. In the short run, scale affected Tsukuba city, which was formed by consolidating smaller municipalities.
Analysis and design of large leaky-mode array employing the coupled-mode approach

This paper presents the coupled-mode approach to the analysis and design of a large leaky-mode array, in which an N-element microstrip array above a common ground plane supports N coupled leaky modes (leaky EH/sub 1/ modes) at the first higher order. Following a brief description of a conventional full-wave nonstandard eigenvalue problem for solving the complex propagation constants, we present the detailed formulation of the coupled-mode approach, clearly showing the transformation of the nonstandard eigenvalue problem into a standard one. Thus, all the eigenvalues (complex propagation constants) and eigenvectors (modal current distributions) are solved simultaneously, regardless of the size of the array (N). Two key issues pertinent to the successful implementation of the proposed coupled-mode approach are addressed: the determination of the coupling coefficients and the uniqueness of the isolated uncoupled leaky mode, which represents the leaky modal solution of a single microstrip, but is derived from a system of coupled leaky-mode solutions provided the coupled microstrips have equal width and spacing. Closed-form expressions for obtaining the coupling coefficients of orders two, three, and four are presented. Theoretical studies of closely coupled microstrip arrays of two, three, and four elements show that the magnitude of the coupling coefficient /sub i,i+j/ between elements i and i+ decreases at the order of 10/sup -j/. These theoretical case studies also lead to the same isolated uncoupled leaky-mode solution as predicted. Furthermore, the dispersion characteristics of the microstrip array at the first higher order obtained by the coupled-mode approach and the full-wave approach agree excellently for all the case studies. Error analyses indicated that at least two coupling coefficients (C/sub i,i+1/ andC/sub i,i+2/) are required for obtaining accurate complex propagation constants with rms errors less than 1% for most of the leaky region of the particular array under investigation. An example of applying the proposed coupled-mode- approach for analyzing a corporate-fed leaky-mode array of eight elements is reported, revealing that only four out of the eight leaky modes are excited. The coupled-mode theory predicts the far-field radiation pattern in the main beam region in excellent agreement with the measured results.
Uptake and sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in the Labrador Sea deep convection region

The Labrador Sea is an important area of deep water formation and is hypothesized to be a significant sink for atmospheric CO2 to the deep ocean. Here we examine the dynamics of the CO2 system in the Labrador Sea using time‐series data obtained from instrumentation deployed on a mooring near the former Ocean Weather Station Bravo. A 1‐D model is used to determine the air‐sea CO2 uptake and penetration of the CO2 into intermediate waters. The results support that mixed‐layer pCO2 remained undersaturated throughout most of the year, ranging from 220 μatm in mid‐summer to 375 μatm in the late spring. Net community production in the summer offset the increase in pCO2 expected from heating and air‐sea uptake. In the fall and winter, cooling counterbalanced a predicted increase in pCO2 from vertical convection and air‐sea uptake. The predicted annual mean air to sea flux was 4.6 mol m−2 yr−1 resulting in an annual uptake of 0.011 ± 0.005 Pg C from the atmosphere within the convection region. In 2001, approximately half of the atmospheric CO2 penetrated below 500 m due to deep convection.
Contingent valuation analysis of rural households' willingness to pay for frankincense forest conservation

Frankincense from Boswellia papyrifera forest (BPF) is a traded non timber forest product (NTFP) used in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and chemical industries. However, the resource in northeastern Africa is under continuous degradation and requires conservation measures. Data from a discrete choice contingent valuation study are used to assess the factors influencing rural households’ willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to contribute labor (WTCL) for BPF conservation in Ethiopia. The standard probit, bivariate probit and interval data models were used for modeling respondents’ WTP and WTCL. We found household income as the most important factor affecting WTP whereas number of household labor is the most important factor affecting WTCL. Mean lower bound annual WTP of US$ 4.68 and WTCL of 7.03 days per household were estimated. This study indicated that despite Ethiopia is a low income country, people are willing to contribute for conservation of the resource.
Adaptive agents in the House of Quality

Managing the information flow within a big organization is a challenging task. Moreover, in a distributed decision-making process conflicting objectives occur. In this paper, artificial adaptive agents are used to analyze this problem. The decision makers are implemented as Classifier Systems, and their learning process is simulated by Genetic Algorithms. To validate the outcomes we compared the results with the optimal solutions obtained by full enumeration. It turned out that the genetic algorithm indeed was able to generate useful rules that describe how the decision makers involved in new product development should react to the requests they are required to fulfill.