Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Landmark-embedded Gaussian process with applications for functional data modeling

Abstract In practice, we often need to infer the value of a target variable from functional observation data. A challenge in this task is that the relationship between the functional data and the target variable is very complex: the target variable not only influences the shape but also the location of the functional data. In addition, due to the uncertainties in the environment, the relationship is probabilistic, that is, for a given fixed target variable value, we still see variations in the shape and location of the functional data. To address this challenge, we present a landmark-embedded Gaussian process model that describes the relationship between the functional data and the target variable. A unique feature of the model is that landmark information is embedded in the Gaussian process model so that both the shape and location information of the functional data are considered simultaneously in a unified manner. Gibbs–Metropolis–Hasting algorithm is used for model parameters estimation and target variable inference. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated by extensive numerical studies and a case study of nano-sensor calibration.
Water Efficient, eco-friendly and Effluent Free Nano bubble Finishing of Cotton Fabric

ABSTRACT Existing textile exhaust finishing methods require higher liquor ratios, such as 1:5 and 1:10, leading to energy wastage, chemicals wastage, and higher effluents. However, the nanobubble technique can reduce the liquor ratio to 1:1, resulting in water savings, energy savings, and zero liquid discharge. Nevertheless, production of the nanobubbles for a range of finishes and their successful application onto the textile is a difficult and challenging task. For the first time, this article successfully reports the development and application of nanobubbles at the extremely low liquor ratio of 1:1 for the five most commonly used textile finishes, which include resin, softener, soil release, oil and water repellent, and antimicrobial finishes onto the cotton fabric. In addition, this research compares the performance of the nanobubble finishing at a liquor ratio of 1:1 with higher liquor ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 for all five finishes. The results showed that optimized nanobubble finishing exhibited comparable key performance with reference to liquor ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 related to each finish category. However, the physical properties of cotton fabrics, such as tensile strength, tear strength, bending length, and air permeability, were better for nanobubble technology as compared to conventional finishing.
Accelerating BGP Configuration Verification Through Reducing Cycles in SMT Constraints

Network verification has been proposed to help network operators eliminate the outage or security issues caused by misconfigurations. Recent studies have proposed SMT-based approaches to verify network properties with respect to network configurations. These approaches translate the verification problem into a Satisfiability Module Theories (SMT) problem. Although these approaches are attractive because of their broad coverage, they can scale to moderate-size networks only. In this paper, we propose BiNode to accelerate the network verification process. The key idea is to formulate the SMT constraints in a manner that reduces/eliminates the cyclic dependencies between its variables. By doing so, we expedite the solving of the SMT problem. We implement and evaluate the performance of BiNode through an off-the-shelf SMT solver. The experimental results show that BiNode can reduce verification time by an order of magnitude through reducing/eliminating the cyclic dependencies among SMT variables.
Relationship between the Use of Fentanyl-Based Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia and Clinically Significant Events in Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: This study examined the relationship between the use of fentanyl-based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (ivPCA) and the incidence of a clinically significant event (CSE), while considering both the analgesic effects and side effects in laparoscopic gynecological surgery. Methods: This study included 816 patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery under general anesthesia at Kyoto University Hospital between 2012 and 2018. The primary exposure was the use of fentanyl-based ivPCA. We defined an outcome measure—CSE—that integrates severe wound pain and vomiting assumed to negatively affect patient recovery. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the independent relationship between ivPCA use and CSE. Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that fentanyl-based ivPCA was independently associated with increased CSE (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.80 (1.24–2.61), p = 0.002). Use of ivPCA was associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative severe wound pain (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.50 (0.27–0.90), p = 0.022), but was also associated with an increased incidence of vomiting (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 2.65 (1.79–3.92), p < 0.001). Conclusion: The use of fentanyl-based ivPCA in laparoscopic gynecological surgery is associated with increased CSE.
When and where is design situated in case-based design?

This paper depicts the process of design operations in situated design by a cognitive approach. A serial of similar sites are tested in a design experiment to identify the design situations and make case adaptation, and two groups of designers are examined in their design moves in case-based design by freehand sketches or computers respectively. The comparative analysis from the above observation and implications are presented.
Volume réticulaire critique d'un simplexe.

Conjecture. Soit un corps convexe a n dimensions, dont le centre de grämte G est un / \n point entier. Si son volume reticulaire depasse, alors G rfest pas le seul point . r _ entier interne. La valeur est la meilleure possible. nl Pour n = 2 je Fai demontree [3] : Faire critique d'un ovale dont le centre de gravite 9 se trouve ä Forigine est donc — . Je vais demontrer la conjecture pour tout n, mais seulement pour les Simplexes. Theoreme. Soit un simplexe n-dimensionnel, dont le centre de gravite G est un point entier. Si son volume reticulaire depasse , alors G rf est pas le seul point entier interne. nl , „ La valeur — est la meilleurepossible. nl Soit OA1A2, . , An le simplexe S. Si Fön prend OAl9 OA2, . , OAn pour vecteurs unitaires d'un Systeme d'axes (A), le volume reticulaire de S dans ce Systeme est _ _ ? \ V(S) = — . Le point G' defini par OG' — 2OG a toutes ses coordonnees egales ä —. nl n-}1 Soit P le parallelotope de diagonale OG', dont les aretes sont paralleles aux axes. 2" Son volume reticulaire dans (A) est V (P) = — -— -, de sorte que
Association of IL-6 rs1800796 Gene Polymorphism on Susceptibility to Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is still the leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the globe, particularly in underdeveloped nations. Indonesia is listed as the country with the second-largest TB burden in the world according to Global TB Report 2020. Only 10% of those infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) develop active TB and the great majority continues to stay latently infected, indicating that the host response to MTB may be genetically controlled at each stage. A growing number of studies have shown that numerous host genetic variables have a role in TB susceptibility. IL-6 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by monocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts that stimulates B and T lymphocytes while also controlling the immune response to TB. This study investigated the association of IL-6 rs1800796 gene polymorphism on susceptibility to pulmonary TB in drug-sensitive (DS) or drug-resistant (DR) patients. Methods: The case-control study involved 71 cases and 34 controls. Blood samples were taken from all study participants at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang between August 2020 and February 2021. To determine SNPs, blood samples were used in a genotyping investigation using the PCR-Multiplex technique. Results: The genotype association of IL-6 rs1800796 (G/G, G/C, C/C) and allele frequency for patients and controls of IL-6 rs1800796 with susceptibility to pulmonary TB were insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study found no evidence of association of IL-6 rs1800796 gene polymorphism with susceptibility to pulmonary TB.
A Scoping Review of Formal Care to Children with Special Needs during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented closure of direct service for children with special needs (CSNs), which shifted service to remote mode. This scoping review analyzed the strategies adopted by different formal care services for CSNs, their strengths and weaknesses, and the challenges faced by the formal care providers (FCPs). This study identified relevant articles through academic databases and Google searches using appropriate search strings and keywords. It included ten journal articles (n=10) and eight pieces (n=8) of grey literature through a meticulous selection process and extracted data. This review drew results by collating the descriptive numerical data analysis and qualitative thematic analysis and interpreting them. Reporting incorporated all the possible items recommended by the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. This review demonstrated that pediatric rehabilitation adopted the telehealth approach and that special education changed to remote learning. When childcare programs in the USA functioned according to specific guidelines, residential care in South Asian countries faced a financial crunch. FCPs faced personal and professional challenges that required systematic training to deal with pandemic situations. This scoping review made suggestions for relevant policy formulations for equitable and effective service delivery to CSNs during pandemic situations, and it exposed new avenues for research.
Ballistic Target Recognition Based on 4-D Point Cloud Using Randomized Stepped Frequency Radar

Ballistic target recognition (BTR) is critical to the ballistic missile defense system. The challenge of this task is to distinguish warheads from numerous unknown confusing targets within a short observing time. The micromotion feature is proved to be effective for this task. However, traditional methods need a long observing time to acquire enough information for the recognition because of using low-dimensional features. In addition, these model-driven methods cannot handle irregular ballistic targets, such as debris. In this article, we propose a BTR scheme, which characterizes the micromotion features with a higher dimensional representation, i.e., the time–range–velocity–power 4-D point cloud, using the randomized stepped frequency radar. The higher dimensional information contained in the 4-D point cloud can reduce the required observing time. Besides, this scheme combines the model-driven method with a data-driven deep neural network to meet the challenge of model mismatch caused by irregular targets. As a result, the proposed BTR scheme is time efficient and robust, which has been proved on an electromagnetic simulation dataset.
Chimeric vaccine against multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis using in silico reverse vaccinology approach

The aim of this study was to predict promiscuous vaccine candidates against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) using in silico reverse vaccinology. Antigenic peptides from selected MTb strain LJ319 (4,025 proteins) were analyzed by various immunoinformatics tools; from which 165 outer membrane proteins (OMPs) suitable for vaccine designing were predicted. Further antigenicity, allergenicity, transmembrane α-helices, and solubility filters refine this number to 16 OMPs common in other members of Tb complex. By further analysis, T-cell and B-cell epitopes were predicted and subjected to characterization studies. After characterization, 26 promiscuous Epitopic peptides (MHC I: 4, MHC II: 7, and B cell: 15) were screened and joined to form 3 possible vaccine constructs (VC1, VC2, and VC3). To enhance immunomodulating effect of these constructs adjuvants (Accession No. WP_003403353.1, WP_031737436.1, and WP_094028633.1), and PADRE sequence (AKVAAWTLKAAAC) were added. The physiochemical characterization and molecular docking studies of vaccine constructs with HLA genes revealed VC1 can be further studied to control host and Tb interactions as it had the highest binding score was also a safe and immunogenic construct. Further studies are needed to ensure the expression and translation efficiency of the potential vaccine construct.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Islamic Tourism in Malaysia

Malaysia possesses all the characteristics that make it an ideal Islamic tourism destination and adequately cater to the demands of Muslim tourists with an abundance of halal cuisine, prayer facilities, and Islamic attractions from places to festivals. With advantages including an extensive and well-developed halal network, good infrastructure, consistent economic growth rate, government-backed business incentives as well as political and economic stability, Malaysia is an ideal Muslim-friendly destination that also appeals to non-Muslims. Unfortunately, an epidemic outbreak emerged in December 2019 from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which sparked the Covid-19 virus to significantly impact the world including Malaysia and paralyzed the tourism sector. Thus, this study aims to analyse the impacts of the pandemic on Islamic tourism in Malaysia and refine Malaysia's recovery plan towards this outbreak. This study is qualitative research by using documents analysis to achieve the objectives. The finding indicates the impact of Covid-19 can be monitored from two factors, first is based on statistical numbers of tourists entering Malaysia from arrival and expenditure before and after Malaysia closed the border, and second, the declining number of growth projections from the tourism sector that was affected from this pandemic. Hence, a recovery plan under the Ministry of Tourism and Culture (MOTAC) and Standard Operational Procedures from Malaysia National Security Council (MKN), has been established to overcome the impacts and fresh start for Islamic Tourism in Malaysia.
Frequency Event Detection and Mitigation in Power Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

Modern power systems characterized by complex topologies require accurate situational awareness to maintain an adequate level of reliability. Since they are large and spread over wide geographical areas, it is inevitable that failures will occur. Various generation and transmission disturbances, such as generator and transmission line tripping and load disconnection, give rise to a mismatch between generation and demand, which manifest as frequency events. These events can take the form of negligible frequency deviations or more severe emergencies that can precipitate cascading outages, depending on the severity of the disturbance and efficacy of remedial action schema. The impacts of such events have become more critical recently due to increased levels of renewable penetration and distributed energy resources, which have caused a decline in system synchronous inertia. Due to the repercussions, it is indispensable to arrest such disturbances on time by activating primary frequency control measures. In this paper, a comprehensive systematic literature review is presented on the techniques used for event detection in power systems and the methods of primary frequency response in modern power systems. The paper also highlights the impacts of severe frequency events within power systems.
Evolutionary change in metabolic rate of Daphnia pulicaria following invasion by the predator Bythotrephes longimanus

Abstract Metabolic rate is a trait that may evolve in response to the direct and indirect effects of predator‐induced mortality. Predators may indirectly alter selection by lowering prey densities and increasing resource availability or by intensifying resource limitation through changes in prey behavior (e.g., use of less productive areas). In the current study, we quantify the evolution of metabolic rate in the zooplankton Daphnia pulicaria following an invasive event by the predator Bythotrephes longimanus in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, US. This invasion has been shown to dramatically impact D. pulicaria, causing a ~60% decline in their biomass. Using a resurrection ecology approach, we compared the metabolic rate of D. pulicaria clones originating prior to the Bythotrephes invasion with that of clones having evolved in the presence of Bythotrephes. We observed a 7.4% reduction in metabolic rate among post‐invasive clones compared to pre‐invasive clones and discuss the potential roles of direct and indirect selection in driving this change.
Real‐Time FE Simulation for Large‐Scale Problems Using Precondition‐Based Contact Resolution and Isolated DOFs Constraints

This paper presents a fast method to compute large‐scale problems in real‐time finite element simulations in the presence of contact and friction. The approach uses a precondition‐based contact resolution that performs a Cholesky decomposition at low frequency. On exploiting the sparsity in assembled matrices, we propose a reduced and parallel computation scheme to address the expensive computation of the Schur‐complement arisen by detailed mesh and accurate contact response. An efficient GPU‐based solver is developed to parallelise the computation, making it possible to provide real‐time simulations in the presence of coupled constraints for contact and friction response. In addition, the pre‐conditioner is updated at low frequency, implying reuse of the factorised system. To benefit a further speedup, we propose a strategy to share the resolution information between consecutive time steps. We evaluate the performance of our method in different contact applications and compare it with typical approaches on CPU and GPU.
Point-of-interest recommendation in location-based social networks based on collaborative filtering and spatial kernel weighting

Abstract The growing popularity of location-based social networks (LBSNs), as well as their financial benefits, has led to a variety of methods for point-of-interest (POI) recommendations. A review of various methodologies reveals the role of geography is rarely addressed individually in current procedures. Instead, it is treated as an overall probability distribution of distances between all check-in pairs. On the other hand, despite the increased accuracy, the incorporation of individualized probabilistic distributions complicates matters of recommender systems. To address this issue, the main objective of this study is to introduce a POI recommendation mechanism in LBSNs that could be simple to implement the geographical influence. Furthermore, the method could be easily integrated with collaborative filtering while also increasing the quality of recommendations. Hence, instead of establishing a unique probability function for all check-ins data using the power-law or the Gaussian distribution, a spatial kernel weighting technique inspired by the similarity-weighted average notion, called CFSKW, was introduced and implemented. CFSKW was found on the principle that POIs close to a person's favourite POIs are more likely to be visited. As expected, the proposed method outperformed state-of-the-arts when tested utilizing two Four square datasets, namely New York and Tokyo. Kernel bandwidth and the coefficient of integrating user preference with geographical influence were two critical factors to be tuned. Low bandwidth and a medium to high geographical coefficient, according to the findings, produce better results. In unproportionate density of POIs, like that of the Tokyo dataset, a proposed algorithm based on dynamic bandwidth showed promising results. For the New York dataset, Precision@5 and Recall@5 were obtained as 25.41% and 61.80% using the proposed method, respectively, indicating a 3% and 5.1% improvement over the reference techniques. Precision@5 and Recall@5 were 1.1% and 1.2% better for the Tokyo dataset, respectively, when using a dynamic bandwidth geographical similarity algorithm.
Sensitivity of Air Pollution Exposure and Disease Burden to Emission Changes in China Using Machine Learning Emulation

Machine learning models can emulate chemical transport models, reducing computational costs and enabling more experimentation. We developed emulators to predict annual−mean fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) concentrations and their associated chronic health impacts from changes in five major emission sectors (residential, industrial, land transport, agriculture, and power generation) in China. The emulators predicted 99.9% of the variance in PM2.5 and O3 concentrations. We used these emulators to estimate how emission reductions can attain air quality targets. In 2015, we estimate that PM2.5 exposure was 47.4 μg m−3 and O3 exposure was 43.8 ppb, associated with 2,189,700 (95% uncertainty interval, 95UI: 1,948,000–2,427,300) premature deaths per year, primarily from PM2.5 exposure (98%). PM2.5 exposure and the associated disease burden were most sensitive to industry and residential emissions. We explore the sensitivity of exposure and health to different combinations of emission reductions. The National Air Quality Target (35 μg m−3) for PM2.5 concentrations can be attained nationally with emission reductions of 72% in industrial, 57% in residential, 36% in land transport, 35% in agricultural, and 33% in power generation emissions. We show that complete removal of emissions from these five sectors does not enable the attainment of the WHO Annual Guideline (5 μg m−3) due to remaining air pollution from other sources. Our work provides the first assessment of how air pollution exposure and disease burden in China varies as emissions change across these five sectors and highlights the value of emulators in air quality research.
The acquisition of L2 allophonic variants: The role of phonological distribution and lexical cues

Adult learners acquire second language (L2) allophones with experience. We examine two mechanisms which may support the acquisition of allophonic variants in second language acquisition. One of the mechanisms is based on the distribution of phones with respect to their phonological context (i.e. phonological distribution). The other is based on the role the phones play in contrasting words (i.e. lexical contrast). Experiment 1 established adult native English speakers’ baseline sensitivity to the novel [b]–[β] auditory contrast. In Experiment 2 we examined whether adult native English speakers infer the phonological status of [b] and [β] in an artificial language based only on their distributions to phonological contexts. We observed no evidence that these participants were able to do so. In Experiment 3 we investigated whether learners infer the phonological status of [b] and [β] from the role they play in lexical contrast and observed both perceptual and lexical processing evidence to suggest that adults may use meaning-based cues to the lack of contrast to learn that two phones are allophones of the same phoneme. Together our findings suggest that adult L2 learners may prioritize information about function (in this case, lexical contrast) over the phonological distribution of phones as they determine the phonological status of L2 sounds.