Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bionomics of the rice meal moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) reared under laboratory condition on different diets

The rice meal moth, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton is one of the serious insect pests of stored milled rice and other milled cereal products in India. But another economic importance of this insect is that the eggs of these insects are used as diet to mass multiply the bio-agent like Trichogramma spp. We studied the biology and bionomics of this pest under controlled laboratory conditions. An experiment was conducted during July 2015 to October 2015 in the Biological Control laboratory, Department of Entomology, IGKV, Raipur at 27 C + 20 C (and 75+5% RH to study the different diet performance on the biology and bionomics of rice moth, C. cephalonica. Five cereals viz., rice, wheat, pearlmillet (jowar), sorghum (bajra) and maize were tested solely along with their combinations. The female moth had longer body length and weight as compared to male moth. Both male and female reared on mixed diet with a combination of (rice+jowar+maize) had maximum body weight and body length. There was a high positive co-relation between fecundity and female body weight. The mixed diet of rice +jowar +maize was highly superior, in comparison to others for mass production of C. cephalonica. The shortest life cycle was found in the combinations of bajra + jowar + maize up to 35 and 40 days respectively and longest life cycle was found in rice extending of 60 to 70 days.
Interregional flows of PhDs: an analysis of French long-term data

The aim of this article is to provide empirical analysis of the geographical mobility of PhDs between French regions by using long term data (1970-2000). First of all, we highlight the low mobility of PhDs: more than 60% of them supervise their first PhD in the region where they defended their own one. We then test the impact of structural determinants with a gravity model (sample selection model) and we observe in particular the influence of the scientific size of regions and spatial distance on the PhDs' mobility.
Optimization of cultural conditions for protease production by Bacillus subtilis EFRL 01

Molasses was used as a sole carbon source for the protease production from Bacillus subtilis EFRL 01 in batch wise submerged condition. The bacterial culture was grown on mineral medium and maximum production was noted after 8 h of incubation. The effect of different variable such as carbon sources (0.5 and 1.0%), nitrogen sources (0.75), sodium chloride, potassium chloride, zinc chloride (0.5 - 3.0%), pH (3 - 12) and temperature (25 - 55°C) on the protease production was checked. The maximum enzyme production was noted when B. subtilis EFRL 01 was grown on mineral medium containing 1.0% molasses, 0.75% peptone and 2.0% sodium chloride when incubated at 45°C for 8 h with initial pH 8.5. The enzyme produced by B. subtilis is pH stable and thermostable, which can be utilized in local detergent and leather industry.
Position estimation performance evaluation of a linear lateration algorithm with an SNR-based reference station selection technique

The position estimation accuracy of the multilateration system lateration algorithm depends on several factors such as the number of stations deployed, time difference of arrival (TDOA) estimation technique and the choice of reference station. In this paper, a technique to select the suitable reference station for the lateration algorithm based on received signal-to-noise (SNR) at each of the deployed stations is presented. The position estimation performance analysis of the lateration algorithm with the reference selection technique is carried out and improvement in the position estimation accuracy is determined by comparing it with the convention approach of using fixed reference station. Monte Carlo simulation results when compared with the conventional approach based on a square station configuration showed a reduction in the position estimation error of about 20%. http://dx.doi. org/10.4314/njt.v37i2. 26
Promoter Analysis of a Powdery Mildew Induced Vitis vinifera NACTranscription Factor Gene

Grapevine is an economically important crop throughout the world. However commonly cultivated species Vitis vinifera is susceptible to powdery mildew fungi. The objective of this study was to analyze the promoter of VvNAC36 transcription factor gene, which was induced by powdery mildew infection, as it was shown by previous microarray results. Analysis of VvNAC36 transcription factor promoter allows identifying the important cis-elements, which are responsible for gene regulation during infection. Knowing that the responsible cis-element of the gene is crucial for further study, the role of this gene is in powdery mildew infected grapevine. The study was performed using circumspect methodology. To confirm the presence of transgene in transgenic plants the PCR and glufosinate total herbicide application was used. The transplanted transgenic seedlings were infected with Golovinomyces orontii. To detect the GUS reporter gene expression, histochemical GUS staining and spectrophotometric assays were applied in each deletion variant. Finally the promoter sequence was analyzed by the PLACE (a database for PLAntCisacting Elements) program for identifying cis-elements. The results of the study showed significant difference in mock treated and induced expression in transgenic plants transformed with VvNAC36 promoter segments of different lengths, fused to GUS reporter gene. In basal expression level, the deletion variants 1178 bp and 257 bp differed significantly. Powdery mildew infection significantly increased the expression in all promoter variants, except the two shortest fragments. Based on the promoter motif analysis, it can be concluded, that the GT1-box (GAAAAA) supposed to have crucial role in regulating of VvNAC36 transcription factor gene during powdery mildew infection.
NUMERICAL SCHEMES FOR SOLVING THE NON-STATIONARY BOLTZMANN-POISSON SYSTEM FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

In this paper we present a new way of discretizing the Boltzmann-Poisson system de- scribing the electron transport in semiconductor devices. The new method is based on a cell average technique for the momentum space combined with a non-uniform discretization in real space. Results of the simulation of a 2D silicon MOSFET are shown and compared with Monte Carlo data. We found that the proposed scheme reduces both the number of grid points and the CPU time, without loss of accuracy.
Human Capital, Infrastructure and Economic Growth in Nigeria: An Empirical Evidence

Human capital and Infrastructure plays a crucial role in promoting economic growth and thereby contributes to the reduction of economic disparity, poverty and deprivations in a country. Empirically, a variety of studies considers that greater access of the poor to education and health services, water and sanitation, road network and electricity is a principal agent of economic growth. For too long in the past, an undue emphasis has been given to Nigeria’s enormous oil resources as a key engine of economic growth. Knowledge capital is fast overtaking physical capital as a determinant of growth. As a fast growing economy Nigeria needs to determine the indices of growth. This study therefore examines the role of human capital and infrastructure on economic growth in Nigeria within a co integration and error-correction modeling framework during the period 1970-2010. Human capital is found to be positive and statistically significant to growth. The infrastructure variable (electricity) is positive but statistically insignificant. This result is not entirely surprising considering the unreliable, epileptic and unstable supply of energy in the country.
The emerging aversion to inequality - Evidence from long subjective data

This paper provides evidence of a change in the relationship between individual satisfaction with the state of country's economy and income inequality during transition from a command to market economic system. Using data from a series of extensive and frequent surveys of Polish population, we identify a structural break in this relationship. In the beginning of transition, an increase in income inequality is interpreted by population as a positive signal of increased opportunities; this sentiment is particularly strong among older people and people with right-wing political views. Later in the transition period, increased inequality becomes an important reason for dissatisfaction of the public with the country's economic situation and reforms, as people become more skeptical about the legitimacy of income generation process. We also provide direct evidence from opinion polls of a change in the public sentiment about income inequality.
Attribution of decadal variability in lower‐stratospheric tropical ozone

The variability of ozone in the lower stratosphere in a climate‐chemistry model is investigated by multiple regression analysis. The model includes forcing due to changes in solar irradiance and to anomalies in sea surface temperatures (SST). When ozone calculated for the period 1979–2003 is regressed against time and 10.7 cm radio flux (f10.7), the regression coefficient of f10.7 at 52 hPa is 2.8% per 100 flux units. This decreases to 1.8% if a lagged index of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is included in the regression model, and to 0.78% if the period of analysis is extended to 1950–2003. The last value is in good agreement with simulations of fixed solar maximum vs. solar minimum conditions that do not include SST variability. These results suggest that some of the decadal variability in tropical ozone previously attributed to solar variability may instead be related to the occurrence of ENSO events.
THE PREY OF A LITHOPHILOUS CRAB SPIDER XYSTICUS LOEFFLERI (ARANEAE, THOMISIDAE)

Abstract The natural prey of the crab spider Xysticus loeffleri Roewer 1955, living under stones, was studied. The percentage of feeding specimens in the population studied was low (1.4–4.6%), and it declined with the beginning of the breeding period. Investigation has shown that X. loeffleri is a polyphagous predator. Representatives of twelve arthropod orders were found in its diet. Arachnids (opilionids and spiders) formed the major food component constituting ca. 70% of prey captured. No insect order was present in any considerable percentage. Several worker ants were observed as prey suggesting that X. loeffleri is a myrmecophagic spider. Seven incidences of cannibalism were recorded, which all involved predation on adult conspecifics (two males and five females). The length of prey killed by X. loeffleri ranged between 1.25 and 15.00 mm (mean 4.68 mm) and constituted from 14.3–187.5% (mean 64.2%) of length of their captors. The most frequently captured prey were small arthropods not exceeding half the size of the spiders.
Reproductive strategy, egg characteristics and embryonic development of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides)

Despite the commercial importance of Greenland halibut (GH), important gaps exist in our knowledge of the reproductive and early life stage biology for this species. The present study examined through laboratory experiments the spawning strategy, realized fecundity, egg characteristics, biochemical composition, and embryonic development of GH. The results confirmed the hypothesis that GH is a single-batch spawner producing large eggs, resulting in low realized fecundity. Embryonic development and hatching time are highly dependent on incubation temperature; 50% hatching occurred after 46, 30, and 24 days at 2, 4, and 68C, respectively. Few changes in the biochemical composition of the eggs are observed during embryonic development. Newly hatched larvae are not well developed, having a large yolk sac, no pigmentation and incomplete development of the jaws. Egg specific density confirmed the mesopelagic distribution of the eggs at sea. However, important buoyancy changes occurring in the last 3–4 days before hatching indicate that larvae hatch higher in the water column. These results are important for understanding advection and dispersion processes of GH eggs and larvae and the connectivity between spawning grounds and nursery areas.
Evaluation of Non-Palpable Benign Breast Lesion in High Risk Women by Using Contrast MR Mammography

Background: Breast cancer is the most common female cancer worldwide and its incidence has surpassed that of cervical cancer in most urban cancer registries in India. If breast cancer screening is to be successful, the majority of cancers among screened women must be detected when tumors are small and before the occurrence of distant or nodal metastases. Material and Methods: A prospective study was carried out at study the efficacy of Contrast MR Mammography in evaluating non-palpable probably benign breast lesions (BIRADS 3) and to characterize probably benign lesions detected on digital mammography and breast sonography in 50 high risk women more than 35 years old. Patients referred to the Radiology department for routine screening mammography or with history of risk factors from the period of Feb 2009 to July 2010 were included in this study. Results: In the Digital Mammography examination 54 probable benign lesions were indentified out of 50 patients. These patients were further subjected to MRI study, in which total 61 lesions were indentified. Total of 5 patients showed evidence of malignancy on MRI. Out of these 5 cases of malignancy, 4 cases were suspected for malignancy on MRI but one case was diagnosed as benign lesion. The fifth case suspected for malignancy on MRI, was false positive and turned out to be benign on histopathology. Conclusion: In case of doubtful probable benign breast lesions, MRI with dynamic contrast enhancement helps detect additional cancers that are overlooked on mammography.
Soot particle measurement in engine cylinder: A review

This review article describes a list of most common techniques of soot measurement, particularly for in-cylinder diesel engine soot. The techniques presented in this paper are Laser Induced Incandescence (LII), Light/Laser Extinction Measurement (LEM), Light/Laser Scattering Measurement (LSM), Emission Tomographic (ET) and Thermophoretic Sampling. All techniques are briefly elaborated and their principles of operation, as well as their applications and current issues, are covered. It is commonly acknowledged that non-invasive techniques feature some advantages and are more preferable compared to invasive techniques. Besides, more modern technique such as ET is said to be most widely applied in the future due to its high level of accuracy. However, there are possibilities that both invasive and non-invasive methods can complement each other to obtain more accurate soot measurements.
Microbiological Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Sewage Sludge Sanitization with Solar Drying Technology

The aim of study was to estimate the sanitization effectiveness of the sludge solar drying process carried out on technical scale in Poland based on the inactivation of bacteria and parasite eggs. Sewage sludge samples inoculated with Escherichia coli, Salmonella Senftenberg W775 and enterococci and perlon bags containing Ascaris suum eggs were placed inside the carriers fixed in the dried sludge pile and on the shovels and frame of the sludge turner. The number of reisolated microorganisms was determined with MPN method and the percentage of invasive A. suum eggs—with the microscope counting. On the basis of regression equations, the theoretical survivability and elimination rate of bacteria and parasite eggs were calculated. Experiment showed low hygienization efficiency of solar drying method. The theoretical survival time was 46–104 days in summer and 90–98 days in winter for S. Senftenberg W775 and, respectively 42–55 and 71–148 days for E. coli, depending on the carriers location. Enterococci were able to survive for 52–168 days in summer and in winter its number increased. The decrease in the percentage of invasive A. suum eggs was almost not observed. Results indicated that solar drying is a technology, which does not guarantee biosafety of product.
Effect of bioagent formulations on progress of bacterial leaf blight disease of rice under field conditions

In the present study, effectiveness of different fungal (Trichoderma harzianum) and bacterial (Pseudomonas fluorescens) bioagent formulations in reducing progress of the bacterial leaf blight disease of rice under field conditions was studied and compared with chemical treatment and untreated check. The results exhibited that after 23 to 30 days after first application, bioagent formulations were more effective then chemical treatment in reducing progress of disease. Bioagent formulations exhibited long lasting effect in reducing progress of disease during Kharif, 2006 and 2007. Application of bioagent formulations resulted in significant reduction (60.5 â€“ 142.8%) in area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) as compared to check during Kharif, 2006 and 2007. Significant increase in grain yield (14.3 - 21.5 %) was observed with the application of bioagent formulations as compared to check during Kharif, 2006 and 2007.
Impact of Terraces in Maize and Pigeon pea Intercrop on Wellbeing of Smallholder Farmers in Semi-arid lands in Kenya.

Climate change is expected to have economic impacts on semi-arid lands of Kenya, particularly on rural farming households whose livelihoods depend on rain-fed agriculture. Fanya juu terraces have been promoted for soil and water conservation and as an adaptation strategy to climate change in semi-arid lands of South Eastern Kenya. However, the impact of adoption of terraces as an adaptation strategy has not been explored. Propensity Score Matching approach was used to evaluate impact of adopting fanya juu terraces in maize and pigeon pea production on farmers’ per capita income and poverty. Survey data was gathered from Machakos, Makindu and Mutomo Subcounties. Results showed that adopters would have increased cost of production; significant increase in per capita income and reduction of poverty compared to non adopters. The study recommends government involvement in facilitation of establishment of terraces on the farms by providing technical knowhow of rainwater harnessing and harvesting; improve farmers access to seeds and other farm inputs to enhance their adaptation to climate change; improvement of market environment as an incentive to adopt the adaptation strategies to enable yields have easy access to functioning markets.
Optimization of ETL Process in Data Warehouse Through a Combination of Parallelization and Shared Cache Memory

Extraction, Transformation and Loading (ETL) is introduced as one of the notable subjects in optimization, management, improvement and acceleration of processes and operations in data bases and data warehouses. The creation of ETL processes is potentially one of the greatest tasks of data warehouses and so its production is a time-consuming and complicated procedure. Without optimization of these processes, the implementation of projects in data warehouses area is costly, complicated and time-consuming. The present paper used the combination of parallelization methods and shared cache memory in systems distributed on the basis of data warehouse. According to the conducted assessment, the proposed method exhibited 7.1% speed improvement to kattle optimization instrument and 7.9% to talend instrument in terms of implementation time of the ETL process. Therefore, parallelization could notably improve the ETL process. It eventually caused the management and integration processes of big data to be implemented in a simple way and with acceptable speed.
Stratégies de reproduction et de dispersion chez deux termites humivores de Guyane, Embiratermes neotenicus et Silvestritermes minutus (Termitidae, Syntermitinae)

Chez les insectes sociaux, les reproductrices doivent faire face a un dilemme entre couts et benefices de la reproduction asexuee et sexuee. Recemment, il a ete montre que les reines termites pouvaient resoudre ce dilemme en optant pour l’utilisation alternee de la reproduction asexuee et sexuee, en produisant des femelles secondaires neoteniques par parthenogenese, et les ouvriers, soldats et futurs essaimants par reproduction sexuee. Cette strategie, appelee AQS pour « Asexual Queen Succession », a ete decrite chez trois termites souterrains xylophages de la famille des Rhinotermitidae. Deux especes humivores appartenant a la famille des Termitidae et particulierement abondantes en foret neotropicale, Embiratermes neotenicus et Silvestritermes minutus (Syntermitinae), semblaient etre des nouvelles candidates pour cette strategie, car elles presentaient des nids menees par de nombreuses femelles neoteniques. Pour confirmer cette hypothese et determiner l’origine genetique de ces femelles, des castes steriles et des futurs essaimants, nous avons developpe une banque de microsatellites specifiques pour E. neotenicus et S. minutus, et genotype une dizaine de colonies du site de Petit Saut en Guyane, pour chaque espece. Nous avons confirme que les castes steriles et les imagos etai ent issus pour la tres grande majorite de reproduction sexuee, alors que les femelles neoteniques etaient issues de parthenogenese avec fusion centrale, un mecanisme different de celui decrit chez les Rhinotermitidae. La reconstruction detaillee du cycle de vie de S. minutus nous a permis de conclure que l’AQS, au-dela des benefices communs a toutes les especes i.e. la succession de plusieurs generations de reproductrices sans dilution de la participation genetique de la reine fondatrice, l’augmentation du potentiel reproductif de la colonie et la prevention de la consanguinite chez les castes steriles et les imagos, permettait a cette espece d’investir dans un seul evenement massif d’essaimage pendant un cycle de vie tres court. D’autre part, nous avons realise une analyse de structuration genetique des colonies et des populations d’E. neotenicus et de S. minutus dans le but de comprendre les consequences de la dispersion, des modalites d’appariement et de la participation des differents reproducteurs sur la consanguinite des colonies et la potentialite de colonisation de ces especes. Pour environ 40 colonies de chaque espece, nous avons montre que les reproducteurs fondateurs etaient tres majoritairement non apparentes, et une absence de viscosite a une echelle locale (1 a 11 km), suggerant une dispersion importante des essaimants. De plus, seule une tres faible structuration genetique a pu etre detectee sur l’ensemble du site d’echantillonnage, indiquant des flux de genes peu contraints
Contribution LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AGAINST PATHOGENIC MICROBES

Background: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have become an attractive option of modern medical practice. Recently, attention has been paid to their health-promoting properties. Of particular importance are their probiotic properties and specially the ability to compete with pathogens in vivo. Aim: To determine the antagonistic activity of 46 LAB strains against antibiotic-resistant and other outpatient bacterial strains. Methods: Different standard protocols conform to the international rules for the data collection on antimicrobial susceptibility and on metabolic activity were applied. Results: Our hypothesis was that LAB microbiota from complex ecosystems is able to express a broad spectrum of activity. Thus, 12 vaginal lactobacilli and 34 food-originated lactobacilli, lactococci and enterococci were studied. The production of organic acids is clearly involved in antagonistic activity of these bacteria in vitro. Eight out of the tested isolates were active against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA. The inhibitory activity of two vaginal and four food-originated strains was protease-sensitive and independent of the presence of lactic acid and H2O2. Conclusion: These results are encouraging and prompt further research of the active LAB strains and their possible application to overcome the problem with increasing multi-drug resistance in clinical practice.