Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of iron deficiency on the functioning of skeletal muscles: experimental evidence and clinical implications

Skeletal and respiratory myopathy not only constitutes an important pathophysiological feature of heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but also contributes to debilitating symptomatology and predicts worse outcomes in these patients. Accumulated evidence from laboratory experiments, animal models, and interventional studies in sports medicine suggests that undisturbed systemic iron homeostasis significantly contributes to the effective functioning of skeletal muscles. In this review, we discuss the role of iron status for the functioning of skeletal muscle tissue, and highlight iron deficiency as an emerging therapeutic target in chronic diseases accompanied by a marked muscle dysfunction.
Sparse Code Multiple Access for 5G Radio Transmission

Non-orthogonal multiple access has been extensively discussed in New Radio (NR), the study item working on 5G air interface in 3GPP. Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is one of the proposed MA schemes. In this paper, the basic concept of SCMA is introduced, including codebook mapping, multiple access procedure, and advanced receivers. Then, link level simulations are applied to verify the design of SCMA, which show that SCMA has many excellent properties: shaping and diversity gain by sparse codebooks, resilient to inter- user interference, and robust to codebook collision, thus it is a promising candidate MA scheme for 5G.
Categorizing container escape methodologies in multi-tenant environments

With regards to operating-system-level virtualization, the security aspects that arise within multi-tenant environments utilizing this technology have not been systematically categorized. As a result of this omission, container escapes within such environments might occur. These escapes can lead to the loss of control and potential data leakage. This paper extends on previous work by providing additional security requirements and mitigation techniques. This contribution is based on an indepth look at the architecture of the cluster management software enabling the aforementioned environments.
New-Generation Fetal Dose Estimates for Radiopharmaceuticals

Radiopharmaceutical dose estimates to the embryo/fetus are presented for a number of radiopharmaceuticals. New generation (RADAR/ICRP 89) reference phantoms are used for the dose estimates. Differences in masses of relevant fetal and maternal organs are provided. Dose estimates are provided for early pregnancy, and at 3, 6, and 9 months' gestation. These estimates provide a significant update on the 1997 dose estimates that are widely used for this application.
Does Topical Lidocaine Reduce the Pain Associated With the Insertion of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Prongs in Preterm Infants?: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Trial

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of topical lidocaine 2% gel in reducing the pain associated with the insertion of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) prongs in preterm infants. Materials and Methods:A pilot randomized controlled trial. Sixty preterm infants, categorized into lidocaine (n=30) and control groups (n=30). The primary outcome was Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) score, secondary outcomes included salivary cortisol, presence of cry, the duration of first cry, and adverse effects of lidocaine. Results:There were no statistically significant differences between lidocaine and control groups regarding PIPP scores (mean±SD: 7.2±2.3 vs. 9.3±3.0, respectively, P=0.086). None of the infants in the lidocaine group had severe pain defined as a PIPP score>12, compared with 3 (10%) infants in the control group (P=0.056). Salivary cortisol concentrations were not significantly different between the lidocaine and control groups (mean±SD: 2.57±1.79 vs. 4.82±1.61 &mgr;g/dL, respectively, P=0.11). Standardized effect sizes for topical lidocaine were medium to large for reduction in PIPP scores and large for reduction in salivary cortisol (Cohen d=−0.78 and −1.32, respectively). No adverse effects were reported in infants receiving lidocaine. Discussion:Our data suggest that topical lidocaine did not reduce the pain associated with the insertion of nCPAP prongs in preterm infants. However, the trends for lower PIPP scores in the lidocaine group and the effect sizes for lidocaine on PIPP scores and salivary cortisol were large enough so that a large-scale randomized clinical trial is warranted to confirm or refute our results. Such a study should compare 2 or more active pain interventions during nCPAP application, rather than evaluating a single intervention versus placebo or no treatment.
Metastable phases of 2D boron sheets on Ag(1 1 1)

Two reproducible new phases of 2D boron sheets have been found on Ag(1 1 1). One of them shares the identical atomic structure of the previously reported S1 phase (β12 sheet) but has a different rotational relationship with the substrate, and thus exhibits very different features in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images. The other new phase has a hexagonal symmetry and is proposed to be the long-expected α-sheet. Both of these two boron sheets are confirmed to be metallic by scanning tunneling spectroscopy.
The cerebellum and embodied semantics: evidence from a case of genetic ataxia due to STUB1 mutations

Fil: Garcia, Adolfo Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundacion Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Instituto de Neurologia Cognitiva. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundacion Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Fundacion Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundacion Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina
The Utility of Urinalysis in Determining the Risk of Renal Relapse in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The significance of persistent hematuria or proteinuria in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis who are otherwise in clinical remission is unclear. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A post hoc analysis was conducted using participants enrolled in two randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials who had active GN due to ANCA-associated vasculitis, had positive ANCA, and achieved remission by month 6. Dipstick and microscopic urinalyses were performed at each visit. Persistent hematuria or proteinuria for at least 6 months and the cumulative duration of hematuria were examined. Renal relapse was defined as new or worsening red blood cell casts and/or worsening kidney function according to the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. RESULTS There were 149 patients included in this study: 42% had persistent hematuria, and 43% had persistent proteinuria beyond 6 months. Persistent hematuria was associated with a significantly higher risk of relapse, even after adjusting for potential confounders (subdistribution hazard ratio, 3.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.20 to 13.25; P=0.02); persistent proteinuria was not associated with renal relapse (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.47 to 4.42; P=0.53). Furthermore, greater cumulative duration of hematuria was significantly associated with a higher risk of renal relapse (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.08 per each month; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.12; P<0.01). The median time to renal relapse was 22 months. CONCLUSIONS In patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and kidney involvement who achieve remission after induction therapy, the presence of persistent hematuria, but not proteinuria, is a significant predictor of future renal relapse.
ffectiveness of CT for the detection of glenoid bone graft resorption ollowing reverse shoulder arthroplasty

Introduction: Glenoid bone grafting is often used in cases of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) with glenoid deficiency. Additionally, bony increased-offset RSA (BIO-RSA) uses a cylindrical bonegraft harvested from the humeral head and is positioned beneath the glenoid baseplate to increase lateralization. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) has been used to detect glenoid bonegraft resorption, which is typically identified by a gap between the bonegraft and baseplate; however, CT images are often degraded by implant metal artifact. The purpose of this CT imaging study was to determine if a simulated bonegraft resorption gap is detectable following RSA with glenoid bone grafting. Hypothesis: CT is unable to detect bone graft resorption following reverse shoulder arthroplasty conducted with bone grafting beneath the glenoid baseplate. Materials and methods: RSA with glenoid bone grafting was performed on four cadaver shoulders. Glenoid bonegraft resorption gaps were simulated by fixing the implant at six different gap widths (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mm). Clinical CT scans were acquired for each gap resulting in 6 scans per specimen. Two experienced observers (blinded) analyzed DICOM images in the axial and coronal directions, and measured gap widths using Mimics® software. Each observer had access to approximately 200 images per condition per specimen. Results: The sensitivity of CT imaging to positively identify bonegraft resorption was 38%, with an accuracy of 46%. Inter-observer agreement was 92%. Observers tended to visualize no-gap for most conditions. Resorption gap width measurements were consistently underestimated. Discussion: Metal artifact prevented identification of simulated bonegraft resorption gaps and observers most often determined that there was bonegraft-to-implant “healing” on CT, when in fact a gap was clinically present. This study illustrates the need for more effective imaging techniques to determine if bonegraft resorption has occurred following RSA. Level of evidence: Level IV. Basic Science; Cadaveric Study. © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Hemorrhagic Brain Metastases in a Patient with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)-Rearranged Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Lung

Patient: Female, 44 Final Diagnosis: Brain metastases from invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung Symptoms: Coughing Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Pulmonology Objective: Rare co-existance of disease or pathology Background: Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) is a rare variant of adenocarcinoma of the lung. It frequently shows KRAS mutations, while ALK rearrangement is exceedingly rare. We present a case of ALK-rearranged IMA of the lung presenting with an unusual pattern of brain metastases, radiologically mimicking a cavernous angioma. Case Report: A 44-year-old non-smoker female was first diagnosed with lung right lower lobe IMA with ALK rearrangement. Five years after surgery followed by chemotherapy, she developed a sudden onset headache. Brain imaging revealed a hemorrhagic left frontal mass, suspicious for a cavernous angioma. However, the pathology of the resected lesion showed an ALK-rearranged brain metastasis from the IMA of the lung. Interestingly, the metastases showed perivascular tumor infiltrates, accompanied by focal mural invasion, vascular disruption, and hemorrhage. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of brain metastasis from an ALK-rearranged IMA of the lung. Further investigation of the clinical and pathological characteristics of the ALK-rearranged IMA, including awareness of the possibility for development of brain metastases with tumor-associated vasculopathy and hemorrhage, is warranted.
Common Crime and Domestic Violence Victimization of Older Chinese in Urban China: The Prevalence and Its Impact on Mental Health and Constrained Behavior

This article examines the prevalence of victimization among older Chinese living in urban China and its psychological and behavioral impacts. A representative sample of 453 older adults aged 60 or above was recruited from Kunming, the People’s Republic of China, using multistage sampling method. Participants were individually interviewed on their demographic characteristics, experience of common crime and domestic violence victimization, fear of common crime and domestic violence, mental health, and constrained behavior. Results showed that 254 participants (56.1%) reported one or more types of common crime and 21 (4.6%) reported experiencing domestic violence in the past. Seventeen participants (3.8%) reportedly experienced both common crime and domestic violence victimization. There was no gender difference in the overall incidence of victimization but in some subtypes. Regression analyses indicated that past experience of common crime victimization was significantly associated with greater fear of common crime (β = .136, p = .004), poorer mental health (β = .136, p = .003), and more constrained behavior (β = .108, p = .025). Fear of common crime predicted increased constrained behavior (β = .240, p < .001) independent of gender, age, education, household finances, living arrangement, and physical health. Domestic violence victimization was not significant in predicting poor mental health and constrained behavior but was significant in predicting fear of domestic violence (β = .266, p < .001), which was related to poorer mental health (β = .102, p = .039). The study suggests the importance of taking older people’s risk and experience of victimization into consideration in gerontological research, practice, and policymaking.
Exemplar-based image inpainting based on pixel inhomogeneity factor

In the exemplar-based image inpainting process, the filling order, which is decided by a predefined priority function, is crucial to the image inpainting result. The traditional exemplar-based image inpainting methods usually generate wrong geometry in presence of strong structures in the damaged image. In this paper, we present a novel priority function based on pixel inhomogeneity factor. Compared with the classical and state-of-the-art exemplar-based inpainting approaches, the proposed method enables better inpainting of geometry and texture. Experiments on synthetic and natural images show the advantages of the proposed approach.
Carbon Monoxide Potentiates High Temperature-Induced Nicotine Biosynthesis in Tobacco

Carbon monoxide (CO) acts as an important signal in many physiological responses in plants, but its role in plant secondary metabolism is still unknown. Nicotine is the main alkaloid generated in tobacco and the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) has previously been reported to efficiently induce its biosynthesis. Whether and how CO interacts with JA to regulate nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that high temperature (HT) induces quick accumulation of nicotine in tobacco roots, combined with an increase in CO and JA concentration. Suppressing CO generation reduced both JA and nicotine biosynthesis, whereas exogenous application of CO increased JA and nicotine content. CO causes an increased expression of NtPMT1 (a key nicotine biosynthesis enzyme), via promoting NtMYC2a binding to the G-box region of its promoter, leading to heightened nicotine levels under HT conditions. These data suggest a novel function for CO in stimulating nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco under HT stress, through a JA signal.
Cooperative reinforcement learning for multiple units combat in starCraft

This paper presents a cooperative reinforcement learning model to tackle the problem of multiple units combat in StarCraft. We construct an efficient state representation method to break down the complexity caused by the large state and action space in combat scenario. This method takes units' state and various distance information into consideration, including the current step and the last step. To solve the problem of sparse and delayed rewards, a reward function including small intermediate rewards is introduced. This reward function helps to balance units' move and attack, and encourages our units to fight as a team. We present gradient-descent Sarsa(À) to train the learning model, and use a neural network as the function approximator for the Q values. The experimental results presented in this paper show our controlled units can successfully learn to combat in a cooperative way, and defeat the built-in AI in a 3 Goliaths against 6 Zealots StarCraft combat scenario.
The influence of cognitive reserve and age on the use of memory strategies

ABSTRACT Background: Whether older adults use effective memory strategies to compensate for their memory decline partly depends on their executive functioning (EF). However, many studies have overlooked the role of cognitive reserve (CR). This study examines the effects of age, EF, and CR on memory strategy use. Methods: A total of 83 participants (aged 18–85 years) were included. Strategy use was assessed using three measures: (1) self-reported strategy use in daily life, (2) self-reported and observed strategy use in a simulated daily life situation, and (3) self-reported strategy use during a word-pair task. Results: Results showed that CR was the strongest predictor of strategy use, both in daily life and during memory tasks. Although effects of age and EF were found, most of these effects disappeared when CR was added to the model. Furthermore, a higher CR was related to the use of more complex strategies and to more effective strategies in relation to task performance. Conclusions: Higher levels of CR seem to enable individuals to use effective strategies. These results highlight the importance of the role of CR in compensating for the aging-related memory decline.
Exploring the use of brain-sensing technologies for natural interactions

Recent technical innovation in the field of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) has increased the opportunity for including physical, brain-sensing devices as a part of our day-to-day lives. The potential for obtaining a time-correlated, direct, brain-based measure of a participant's mental activity is an alluring and important development for HCI researchers. In this work, we investigate the application of BCI hardware for answering HCI centred research questions, in turn, fusing the two disciplines to form an approach we name - Brain based Human-Computer Interaction (BHCI). We investigate the possibility of using BHCI to provide natural interaction - an ideal form of HCI, where communication between man-and-machine is indistinguishable from everyday forms of interactions such as Speaking and Gesturing. We present the development, execution and output of three user studies investigating the application of BHCI. We evaluate two technologies, fNIRS and EEG, and investigate their suitability for supporting BHCI based interactions. Through our initial studies, we identify that the lightweight and portable attributes of EEG make it preferable for use in developing natural interactions. Building upon this, we develop an EEG based cinematic experience exploring natural forms of interaction through the mind of the viewer. In studying the viewers response to this experience, we were able to develop a taxonomy of control based on how viewers discovered and exerted control over the experience.
Decoupled Classifiers for Group-Fair and Efficient Machine Learning

When it is ethical and legal to use a sensitive attribute (such as gender or race) in machine learning systems, the question remains how to do so. We show that the na¨ıve application of machine learning algorithms using sensitive attributes leads to an inherent tradeoﬀ in accuracy between groups. We provide a simple and eﬃcient decoupling technique, which can be added on top of any black-box machine learning algorithm, to learn diﬀerent classiﬁers for diﬀerent groups. Transfer learning is used to mitigate the problem of having too little data on any one group.
Performance analysis of regularized channel inversion precoding in multiuser MIMO-GFDM downlink systems

In this paper, we will apply the regularized channel inversion (RCI) combined with one of the 5G waveform candidates, namely generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), in multiuser MIMO downlink systems. RCI, known as the simplest linear precoding based on MMSE criterion, performs well on previous multiuser MIMO systems using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in order to reduce the effect of inter user interference (IUI). This paper will present how the RCI in the multiuser MIMO-GFDM systems performs such good results as the RCI implemented in the multiuser MIMO-OFDM systems based on bit error rate (BER) parameter without causing significant increase in system complexity. Moreover, the proposed system using GFDM shows good result in terms peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) value. On systems using GFDM, we develop two systems employing 16-QAM and 16-OQAM, respectively, to show the difference of both systems. In addition to provide the performance of RCI in the multiuser MIMO-GFDM system, this paper also presents the performance of RCI in the multiuser MIMO-GFDM system with different number of users.
Depressive Symptoms Moderate the Association Between Appetite and Health Status in Patients With Heart Failure

Background:Decreased appetite and depressive symptoms are clinical problems in patients with heart failure. Both may result in impaired health status. Objective:The aims of this study were to investigate the association between appetite and health status in patients with heart failure and to explore whether depressive symptoms moderate this association. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, patients with heart failure (n = 186; mean age, 71 years), New York Heart Association class II to IV, participated. Data on appetite (Council of Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and health status (EQ-5D 3-level scale [EQ-5D-3L] descriptive system, EQ-5D-3L index, and EQ Visual Analog Scale) were collected by self-rating questionnaires. Pearson correlation was used to investigate the association between appetite and health status. Multiple regression was performed to examine whether depressive symptoms moderate the association between appetite and health status. Results:There was a significant association between appetite and health status for EQ-5D-3L descriptive system, mobility (P < .001), pain/discomfort (P < .001), and anxiety/depression (P < .001). This association was also shown in EQ-5D-3L index (P < .001) and EQ Visual Analog Scale (P < .001). Simple slope analysis showed that the association between appetite and health status was only significant for patients without depressive symptoms (B = 0.32, t = 4.66, P < .001). Conclusions:Higher level of appetite was associated with better health status. In moderation analysis, the association was presented for patients without depressive symptoms. Decreased appetite is an important sign of poor health status. To improve health status, health professionals should have greater attention on appetite, as well on signs of depressive symptoms.