Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality Evaluation of Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus Hippoglossus L) During Ice Storage Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy

1 ABSTRACT 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been investigated as a possible tool for quality evaluation of Atlantic halibut (Hipoglossus hipoglossus L). Perchloric acid extracts of muscle samples, taken from chill-stored fish over a period of three weeks, were analysed with NMR. TMAO was not found to change notably with storage time, whereas phosphocreatine was only detectable in samples taken at the day of slaughter. NADP+ was detectable in samples up to two days after slaughter. ATP and its degradation products were monitored during the whole experiment, which enabled calculations of K-values. K-values derived fiom NMR data was compared to K-value measurements with Fresh Tester. The K-values found in the NMR analyses were low during the whole period. These experiments have proven that Nh4R is a possible method for studying ATP degradation of Atlantic halibut, with the potential of monitoring several metabolites simultaneously.
Agents for Smart Power Grids

The future of electricity systems will compose of small-scale generation and distribution where end-users will be active participants with localized energy management systems that are able to interact on a free energy market. Software agents will most likely control power assets and interact together to decide the best and safest configuration of the power grid system. This paper presents a design of agents that can be deployed in real-time with capabilities that include optimization of resources, intensive computation, and appropriate decision-making. Jordan 51-bus system has been used for simulation with a total generation capacity of 4050 MW of which 230 MW represents renewable energy. The economic analyses demonstrated the use of smart grid technologies with 2016 generation—load profiles for nominal liquified gas (NLG) prices and ±20% sensitivity analysis. The results have shown variations in the range of 1% in the price of MWh with smart grid technologies. These variations are mainly driven by the fact that agents shift power generation to renewable power plants to produce maximum power at peak hours. As a result, there is a positive economic impact in both NLG ± 20% sensitivity analysis, due to the fact that agents coordinate to better displace expensive thermal generation with renewable generation. It is evident that renewable resources compensate for power at peak times and provide economic benefits and savings.
Role of Human Bocavirus Respiratory Tract Infection in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients.

BACKGROUND Limited data exist regarding the impact of human bocavirus (BoV) in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. METHODS In a longitudinal surveillance study among allogeneic HCT recipients, pre-HCT and weekly post-HCT nasal washes and symptom surveys were collected through day 100, then at least every 3 months through 1 year post-HCT at the Fred Hutch (2005-2010). Samples were tested by multiplex semi-quantitative PCR for 12 viruses. Plasma samples from BoV+ subjects were analyzed by PCR. Separately, we conducted a retrospective review of HCT recipients with BoV detected in lower respiratory tract specimens. RESULTS Among 51 children and 420 adults in the prospective cohort, 21 distinct BoV respiratory tract infections (RTIs) were observed by 1 year post-HCT in 19 patients. Younger age and exposure to children were risk factors for BoV acquisition. Univariable models among patients with BoV RTI showed higher peak viral load in nasal samples (p=0.04) and presence of respiratory copathogens (p=0.03) were associated with presence of respiratory symptoms but BoV plasma detection was not. Only watery eyes and rhinorrhea were associated with BoV RTI in adjusted models. With additional chart review, we identified 6 HCT recipients with BoV detected in lower respiratory tract specimens [incidence rate of 0.4% (9/2509) per sample tested]. Although all cases presented with hypoxemia, 4 had respiratory copathogens or concomitant conditions that contributed to respiratory compromise. CONCLUSIONS BoV RTI is infrequent in transplant recipients and associated with mild symptoms. Our studies did not demonstrate convincing evidence that BoV is a serious respiratory pathogen.
Modeling Green Roof Potential to Mitigate Urban Flooding in a Chinese City

The Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) region, which has humid subtropical climate conditions and unique plum rain season, is characterized by a simultaneous high-frequency urban flooding and reduction in groundwater levels. Retrofitting the existing buildings into green roofs is a promising approach to combat urban flooding, especially for a densely developed city. Here, the application potential of the Green Roof System (GRS) and the Improved Green Roof System (IGRS) designed to divert overflowing water from green roofs to recharge groundwater were analyzed in a densely developed city, Nanchang, China. For the first time, the influence of GRS on the hydraulic condition of Combined Sewage System/Storm Water System (CSS/SWS) is analyzed, which is a direct reflection of the effect of GRS on alleviating urban flooding. The simulation results show that GRS can retain about 41–75% of precipitation in a 2-hour timescale and the flooding volumes in the GRS/IGRS region are 82% and 28% less than those of the Traditional Roof System (TRS) in 10- and 100-yr precipitation events, respectively. In the continuous simulations, GRS also enhances Evapotranspiration (ET), which accounts for 39% of annual precipitation, so that reduces the cumulative surface runoff. Considering the IGRS can provide more hydrological benefits than the GRS under the same climate conditions, we may conclude that the widespread implementation of both the GRS and the IGRS in Nanchang and other densely developed cities in the MLRYR region could significantly reduce surface and peak runoff rates.
Exploring Technical Capabilities of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, have become increasingly popular in recent years. Different types of professional drones are used extensively in various sensitive tasks to defend the country from criminal attacks, such as monitoring critical infrastructure and assisting police investigations. These days, drones have been used for similar functions as automobiles. Due to the widespread use of recreational UAV s, one may believe that professional UAV s are well-protected by various sorts of security. That, however, is not the case, for hackers have hacked them. This study explains some of the attacks against drones carried out by hackers. This paper will illustrate how to exploit security weaknesses, perform a Man in the Middle attack, and take control of drone commands. This paper will address some solutions that can be explored to defend drones against Man in the Middle attacks and acceptable ways to enhance drone safety.
Dispatchable distributed generation using a back‐to‐back converter for grid‐forming improvements based on feed‐forward action with load current prediction

: This work deals with the control law design and experimental verification of a grid-forming dispatchable distributed generation based on a back-to-back converter. The proposed system brings several improvements to the prime mover as well as to the microgrid voltage quality. The control strategy is based on an inner current and an outer voltage loop for both sides of the converter. The external loop of the back-to-back input side, which is connected to the generator, is responsible for regulating the DC voltage. On the other hand, in the output side, the voltage loop ensures a high-quality AC waveform to feed the loads. A comprehensive discussion regarding the current controller with harmonic mitigation is performed to justify the controller's choice. It is shown that a suitable current controller significantly improves the disturbance rejection. A feed-forward compensation based on the load current prediction without any additional sensor is proposed to improve the output voltage quality. Experimental results are used to validate the proposed control law and to show the improvements and benefits of the system.
The Red Queen in the Repository

One of the grand curation challenges is to secure metadata quality in the ever-changing environment of metadata standards and file formats. As the Red Queen tells Alice in Through the Looking-Glass: “Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place. ” That is, there is some “running” needed to keep metadata records in a research data repository fit for long-term use and put in place. One of the main tools of adaptation and keeping pace with the evolution of new standards, formats – and versions of standards in this ever-changing environment are validation schemas. Validation schemas are mainly seen as methods of checking data quality and fitness for use, but are also important for long-term preservation. We might like to think that our present (meta)data standards and formats are made for eternity, but in reality we know that standards evolve, formats change (some even become obsolete with time), and so do our needs for storage, searching and future dissemination for re-use. Eventually, we come to a point where transformation of our archival records and migration to other formats will be necessary. This could also mean that even if the AIPs, the Archival Information Packages stay the same in storage, the DIPs, the Dissemination Information Packages that we want to extract from the archive are subject to change of format. Further, in order for archival information packages to be self-sustainable, as required in the OAIS model, it is important to take interdependencies between individual files in the information packages into account. This should be done already by the time of ingest and validation of the SIPs, the Submission Information Packages, and along the line at different points of necessary transformation/migration (from SIP to AIP, from AIP to DIP etc.), in order to counter obsolescence. This paper investigates possible validation errors and missing elements in metadata records from three general purpose, multidisciplinary research data repositories – Figshare, Harvard’s Dataverse and Zenodo, and explores the potential effects of these errors on future transformation to AIPs and migration to other formats within a digital archive.
Analysis of secondary school mathematics teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge and intended teaching in curriculum reformation

This study was conducted in response to the curriculum reform in Indonesia which have encouraged a different approach to teach the mathematics content employing innovative methodology or model in teaching and learning. This study aimed to understand the secondary school mathematics teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) towards curriculum reformation. Every participant was interviewed in relation to the domain of PCK, and some intended teaching practice in K-13. The result shows that each teacher has a unique approach to teaching system of linear equations of three variables (SLETV) in curriculum reform. Though the content structures are different, the patterns for teaching two variables to three variables of SLETV are similar. Some intended teaching may still not be implemented regarding students’ and classroom teaching/practices condition which in the end makes the teachers return to the old paradigm of teaching. Hence, although the government has provided good efforts in suggesting some innovative teaching practices to increase the achievement of students, those ideas may still not be executed in the classroom practice.
Heart Disease Prediction: Optimization of Machine Learning Algorithms

Cardiovascular ailments have become a principal cause of mortality globally in recent decades. It then goes on to discuss the use of big data and machine learning algorithms for predictive analysis within the medical field. The five different algorithms discussed are Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT) and Random Forest (RF). Finally, it states that out these methods Decision Tree was found to be most accurate when predicting potential cases of cardiac illness. The practical implications of this paper are that it could help medical professionals make more informed decisions about patient care. By using machine learning algorithms to analyse large volumes of data, clinicians can better predict the likelihood of an individual developing heart disease and take appropriate action accordingly. This research also provides insight into how big data can be used for predictive analysis in healthcare settings, which could lead to improved outcomes for patients with cardiac illness.
Statistically Significant! But Is Trust of Practical Significance?

ABSTRACT Trust, such as trust in a technology or believing that a technology has trustworthy utility, manifests its importance by affecting user behaviors toward information systems (IS). There is no dearth of evidence showing that the effect of trust is statistically “significant;” however, statistical significance, different from practical significance is nothing but a failure to reject the Fisherian null hypothesis and is complementary to practical significance. Motivated to investigate the practical significance of trust in affecting user behaviors toward IS, we review the literature to analyze the reported effect sizes of trust in IS research. Furthermore, we endeavor to interpret these differences as to how research context, trust measure, and dependent variable may differentiate trust effect.
Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources

We review observations of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). X-ray spectroscopic and timing studies of ULXs suggest a new accretion state distinct from those seen in Galactic stellar-mass black hole binaries. The detection of coherent pulsations indicates the presence of neutron-star accretors in three ULXs and therefore apparently super-Eddington luminosities. Optical and X-ray line profiles of ULXs and the properties of associated radio and optical nebulae suggest that ULXs produce powerful outflows, also indicative of super-Eddington accretion. We discuss models of super-Eddington accretion and their relationship to the observed behaviors of ULXs. We review the evidence for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in ULXs. We consider the implications of ULXs for super-Eddington accretion in active galactic nuclei, heating of the early Universe, and the origin of the black hole binary recently detected via gravitational waves.
Sound Quality Estimation of Electric Vehicles Based on GA-BP Artificial Neural Networks

The sound quality (SQ) and sound perception assessments of electric vehicles (EVs) clearly differ from those of conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Therefore, it is essential to describe and evaluate the SQ of EVs. To evaluate the SQ in EVs, it is necessary to organize evaluators for conducting subjective jury tests, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, the evaluation results are subject to the evaluators themselves and other external interferences. With the advancement of machine learning and artificial neural networks (ANNs), this problem can be well solved. This paper outlines a model for SQ estimation in EVs based on a genetic algorithm-optimized back propagation artificial neural network (GA-BP ANN). Moreover, the correlation between the physical-psychoacoustical parameters and the subjective SQ estimations obtained from the jury tests was investigated in this study. It was found that the GA-BP ANN SQ model has many advantages in comparison with the multiple linear regression (MLR) model in terms of precision and generalization. In addition, this method is ready to be applied for rapidly evaluating the SQ in EVs without jury tests, and it can also be of high significance in dealing with the acoustical designs and improvements of EVs in the future.
Schedule Execution for Two-Machine Job-Shop to Minimize Makespan with Uncertain Processing Times

This study addresses a two-machine job-shop scheduling problem with fixed lower and upper bounds on the job processing times. An exact value of the job duration remains unknown until completing the job. The objective is to minimize a schedule length (makespan). It is investigated how to best execute a schedule, if the job processing time may be equal to any real number from the given (closed) interval. Scheduling decisions consist of the off-line phase and the on-line phase of scheduling. Using the fixed lower and upper bounds on the job processing times available at the off-line phase, a scheduler may determine a minimal dominant set of schedules (minimal DS), which is based on the proven sufficient conditions for a schedule dominance. The DS optimally covers all possible realizations of the uncertain (interval) processing times, i.e., for each feasible scenario, there exists at least one optimal schedule in the minimal DS. The DS enables a scheduler to make the on-line scheduling decision, if a local information on completing some jobs becomes known. The stability approach enables a scheduler to choose optimal schedules for most feasible scenarios. The on-line scheduling algorithms have been developed with the asymptotic complexity O(n2) for n given jobs. The computational experiment shows the effectiveness of these algorithms.
Pores in lipid membranes and the eect of anaesthetics

Unmodified lipid bilayers exhibit a pronounced increase in transmembrane permeability during the lipid phase transition. This thesis addresses the issue of pore formation in protein -free lipid membranes in the phase transition regime. Differential Scanning Calorimetry is used to detect melting transitions in the bilayer membranes, whereas the Black Lipid Membrane technique, by applying transmembrane voltage, is employed to record transmembrane currents. Discrete current fluctuations, which are believed to be indicative for the existence membrane pores, are analysed using single ion-channel approach suited for processing protein-ion channel electrophysiological data. The work further investigates the dependency of the phenomenon on a number of thermodynamic variables, such as temperature, electrical potential and chemical potential. Special attention is given to the influence of anaesthetic-like compouds, such as octanol and etanol, on the membrane permeability. The basic concepts of thermodynamics are used to explain the fluctuating behaviour of the membranes and questions are raised regarding the interpretation of protein ion channel data in other studies.
Short Communication: Effectiveness of nuclear gene in species and subspecies determination of captive orangutans

Abdul-Manan MN, Mohd-Ridwan AR, Aifat NR, Osman NA, Abdul-Latiff MA, Dharmalingam S, Md-Zain BM. 2020. Short Communication: Effectiveness of nuclear gene in species and subspecies determination of captive orangutans. Biodiversitas 21: 36653669. Genetic identification of captive orangutans is of paramount importance in providing a correct identity that is essential for captive management. Thus, the utility of nuclear DNA sequences was tested in this study to identify the genetic identity of captive orangutans at Bukit Merah Orang Utan Island. Out of 24 DNA samples that were successfully extracted, only 10 orangutan samples were successfully sequenced for the von Willebrand factor (vWF) gene. From the results, this gene was able to separate the genus Pongo at the species level. Distance and character analyses indicated that a clear separation between P. pygmaeus and P. abelii at the species level. However, the degree of separation at species level was indicated in tree topology with moderate bootstrap values. At the subspecies level of P. pygmaeus, this gene was unable to show a clear separation between three Bornean subspecies. All the subspecies were formed clade together with each other. The vMF gene is a good nuclear gene for the study of phylogenetic relationships of orangutans in captivity at the species level, but the genetic identification at subspecies level in the genus level remains unclear. We suggest that future studies should involve multiple independent nuclear markers to increase the probability of getting reliable results.
Coming on board: problems facing novice principals in Iran

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this paper is to report research on the problems faced by novice principals in Iran. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 novice principals, all from elementary schools in Iran. The paper also identifies possible solutions to address the problems through three focus group interviews. The analysis followed the principles of qualitative research. The main findings relate to three aspects: the personal constructions of novice principal problems, professional constructions of novice principal problems, and the possible solutions to help address the problems. The conclusion compares these Iranian findings with international research, showing some common issues but also certain problems that are distinctive to the Iranian context.
Diversity education and early childhood teachers’ motivation to remain in teaching: an exploration

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to investigate how preparation for teaching culturally and linguistically diverse children influences early childhood teachers’ motivation to remain in teaching. This study is grounded in Bandura’s self-efficacy theory. Early childhood teachers were sent an online survey and asked about their teacher preparation, job satisfaction, self-efficacy for teaching diverse children, and motivation to remain in teaching. Teachers who reported high motivation to remain were compared to teachers with 1) low motivation to remain and 2) teachers unsure about remaining. The teachers were compared on their years of teaching experience, job satisfaction, self-efficacy for teaching diverse children, and diversity education using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. The results suggest early childhood teachers with high motivation to remain had significantly more undergraduate coursework focused on diversity, felt their teacher education programs better prepared them for teaching culturally and linguistically diverse children, and did an effective job working with children from diverse backgrounds. Moreover, early childhood teachers with high motivation to remain had fewer years of teaching experience than teachers unsure about their motivation to remain. Implications will be discussed.
On the Influence of the Ionization–Recombination Processes on the Hydrogen Plasma Polytropic Index

An analytical approximation for the polytropic index of a hydrogen gas has been derived. The derived expressions can be useful for theoretical work and numerical calculations. These results open the possibility of direct computation of these thermodynamic quantities, rather than interpolating from tables. Additionally, the polytropic index is graphically represented as a function of temperature and density. It is concluded that the partially ionized hydrogen plasma cannot be exactly polytropic. The calculated deviations from the monoatomic value 5/3 are significant and measurable. The present theory supposes that hydrogen molecules are completely dissociated, and this analytical result for pure hydrogen plasma can be applied for the solar chromosphere, where He ionization is negligible and H2 dissociation is almost complete. These two conditions define the ranges of applicability of temperatures and densities. The analytical result for pure hydrogen plasma is a test example of how this approach can be extended for an arbitrary gas cocktail.