Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cascading failure dynamic of cyber-physical power system considering malware attacks

With the development of cyber-physical power system, cyber security has a serious impact on the operation of power system. In this paper, a stochastic cascading failure model considering the structural and dynamical characteristics of cyber-physical power system is proposed. The model takes into account the community structure of networks, the heterogeneity of network nodes and the complex interdependence of coupling networks. Moreover, the malware spreading in the cyber network and the power flow redistribution in the power grid are considered to describe the dynamic physical processes of the system, and a stochastic method is adopted to describe the operating state transition of network components. Simulation results indicate that the cascading failure of coupled system is the result of malware attacks repeatedly triggering the power grid, and cyber coupling will aggravate the severity of grid failure propagation.
Advancing river corridor science beyond disciplinary boundaries with an inductive approach to hypothesis generation

Traditional, deductive approaches have generated a large body of site-, scale-, process-, or method-specific understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur within river corridors. However, this body of facts does not until itself constitute a predictive understanding of river corridors in their full complexity. We contend a new paradigm is required to synthesize existing knowledge with the goal of linking internal dynamics, external forcing, and historical contingencies to the emergent spatial structure, temporal dynamics, and ecosystem services that are derived from river corridors. Here, we prototype an inductive approach to synthesis, using machine learning as a hypothesis generator to identify potential couplings or feedbacks that would not necessarily arise from classical, deductive, disciplinary approaches. This approach generated a network of 672 relationships linking a suite of 157 variables each collected at 62 locations in a 5th order river network, 84% of which have not been previously co-investigated in the literature. We document the critically important role of collecting data beyond disciplinary norms (89% of predictive models required out-of-group data for optimal prediction), and both the emergence and shredding of spatial structure as variables combine to explain observed patters in the network. This study demonstrates the value of a hypothesis generation approach that is agnostic to disciplinary boundaries and pre-existing conceptual models as a compliment to traditional, deductive models of inquiry. Ultimately, the network of multi-scale, cross-disciplinary relationships generated here may catalyze new ideas and conceptualizations that would not be obvious starting from pre-existing conceptual models and approaches.
Disabled and immigrant, a double minority challenge. A qualitative study about the experiences of immigrant parents of children with disabilities navigating the Norwegian healthcare system in general and the pediatric rehabilitation services in particular.

Background: Immigrants and their Norwegian-born children make up approximately 18% of the total population in Norway. While several studies have been conducted on migrants’ utilization of healthcare services, immigrant families are systematically underrepresented in international studies of children with disabilities. This study, by focusing on experiences of immigrant parents of children with disabilities who are navigating the Norwegian healthcare system in general and the pediatric rehabilitation services in particular, will generate knowledge of how accessible and tailored the services are from their point of view. Methods: This study took a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of immigrant parents of children with disabilities from non-Western countries. The interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed via an inductive thematic analytic approach. Results: The findings show how the “immigrant experience” influenced the way the parents looked at, experienced, and even praised the services. The parents appreciated the follow-up services provided by the pediatric rehabilitation centers, which they experienced as predictable and well-organized. While navigating the services, they experienced several challenges, including the need for information, support, and timely help. They felt exhausted because of the years of struggle in the healthcare system to gain access to the help and services they needed. They expressed how this struggle had affected their own health. The feeling of being treated differently from the majority was another challenge they experienced while navigating the services. The findings also show how the parents’ experiences of communication with healthcare providers were influenced not only by their own language and communication skills but also by the healthcare providers’ intercultural communication skills and dominant organizational culture. Conclusions: The parents’ experiences show that there is still a gap between the public ideal of equal healthcare services and the reality of the everyday lives of immigrant families of children with disabilities. By exploring immigrant parents’ experiences, this study highlights the importance of mobilization at both the individual and system levels to fill the current gap and provide tailored and accessible services to the entire population. Keywords: Immigrant parents, Children with disabilities, Healthcare system.
Low-angle boundaries in ZnGeP2 single crystals

The structure of low-angle boundaries in ZnGeP2 crystals grown by the vertical Bridgman technique was studied using Borrmann X-ray topography. The slip systems of the dislocations in the boundaries were identified by studying the contrast rosettes generated by the Borrmann effect, in the region near the dislocation core. It was shown that the boundaries are of two types: type I consists of edge dislocations of the {1\overline{1}0}〈110〉 slip system, and type II of edge and mixed dislocations of the {010}〈100〉 slip system. The boundaries of both types, consisting of pure edge dislocations with lines along [001], are symmetrical tilt boundaries with [001] rotation axes. The misorientations generated by the boundaries were estimated to range between 2–20 and 1–40′′, respectively. Low-angle boundaries are thought to be formed by polygonization of dislocations, caused by thermoelastic stresses.
Plastral asymmetries in young European Pond Turtles, Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus 1758)

C O N S E R V A T I O N A L E R T  World’s Mammals in Crisis . 220  More Than Mammals . 223  The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity . 225
Hydrological modeling for watershed management

A watershed is a complex and dynamic bio-physical system which is identified as planning and management unit. A watershed is also a hydrological response unit and a holistic ecosystem in terms of the materials, energy and information present. Land and water are the two main resources of the watershed. Unplanned and uncontrolled use of resources results in deterioration of watershed which is further aggravated by human interventions. Watershed management is the balanced use of land and water resources to obtain optimum production and with minimum perils to natural resources. The objectives of the watershed management primarily focus on conservation of soil and water resources of the watershed by harvesting of runoff water through farm ponds, reservoirs and other water harvesting structures and preventing land degradation in the watershed by constructing soil erosion control structures like bunds, terraces, trenches, check dams, vegetative barriers, etc. thereby planning for soil and water conservation. Hydrological models are important tools to understand the hydrological behaviour of the watersheds and hence have been used for watershed management. The hydrological models are capable of simulating the impact of different soil and water conservation structures. This helps the policy makers to apply the suitable conservation measures in the erosion prone areas. This study gives a synoptic view of several hydrological models and their applications for watershed management.
The CGI121 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrates genetic linkage to increased lag time under enological conditions

Background In winemaking, it is standard practice to ferment white wines at low temperatures (10–18 ºC). However, low temperatures increase the fermentation duration and risk of problem ferments, which can lead to significant costs. The length of the lag period at fermentation initiation is one parameter that is heavily impacted by low temperatures. Therefore, the identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes with an impact on fermentation kinetics, such as lag time, is of interest for winemaking. Results We selected a set of 28 S. cerevisiae BY4743 single deletants based on a prior list of candidate open reading frames (ORFs) mapped to quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes VII and XIII influencing the duration of fermentative lag time by bulk segregant analysis. Five out of 28 BY4743 deletants, Δapt1, Δcgi121, Δclb6, Δrps17a, and Δvma21, differed significantly in their fermentative lag phase duration compared to BY4743 in synthetic grape medium (SGM) at 15 ºC, over 72 h. Fermentation at 12.5 ºC for 528 h, to show a greater resolution of the lag times, identified the inability of BY4743 Δapt1 to initiate fermentation and confirmed the significantly longer lag times of the BY4743 Δcgi121, Δrps17a, and Δvma21 deletants. The three candidate ORFs were deleted in S. cerevisiae RM11-1a and S288C to perform single reciprocal hemizygosity analysis (RHA). RHA hybrids and single deletants of RM11-1a and S288C were fermented at 12.5 ºC in SGM. Lag time measurements confirmed genetic linkage of CGI121 on chromosome XIII, encoding a component of the EKC/KEOPS complex, to fermentative lag phase. Nucleotide sequences of RM11-1a and S288C CGI121 alleles differed by only one synonymous nucleotide suggesting that codon bias or positional effects might be responsible for the impact of this gene on lag phase duration. Conclusion This research demonstrates a new role of CGI121 in fermentative lag time in S. cerevisiae during fermentation and highlights the applicability of QTL analysis for investigating complex phenotypic traits in yeast, such as fermentation kinetics.
Differential Effects of Encapsulation of Rat ADSCs in Fibrin Matrix and Combination Delivery of BDNF and Gold Nanoparticles on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Background: Fibrin as an extracellular matrix feature like biocompatibility, creates a favorable environment for proliferation and migration of cells and acts as a reservoir for storage and release of growth factors in tissue engineering. Methods: In this study, the inner surface electrospun poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofibrous conduit was biofunctionalized with laminin containing brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and gold nanoparticles in chitosan nanoparticle. The rats were randomly divided into five groups, including autograft group as the positive control, PLGA conduit coated by laminin and filled with DMEM/F12, PLGA conduit coated by laminin and filled with adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) , PLGA conduit coated by laminin containing gold-chitosan nanoparticles (AuNPs-CNPs), BDNF-chitosan nanoparticles (BDNF-CNPs) and filled with rADSCs or filled with rADSCs suspended in fibrin matrix, and they were implanted to bridge a 10 mm rat sciatic nerve gap. Eventually, axonal regeneration and functional recovery were assessed after 12 weeks.Results: After 3months post-surgery period, the results showed that in the PLGA conduit filled with rADSCs without fibrin matrix group, positive effects were obtained as compared to other implanted groups by increasing the sciatic functional index significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, the diameter nerve fibers had a significant difference mean in the PLGA conduit coated by laminin and conduit filled with rADSCs in fibrin matrix groups relative to the autograft group (p< 0.001). However, G-ratio and amplitude (AMP) results showed that fibrin matrix might have beneficial effects on nerve regeneration but, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR outcomes indicated that the implanted conduit which filled with rADSCs with or without BDNF-CNPs and AuNPs-CNPs had significantly higher expression of S100, MBP and NF200 markers than other conduit implanted groups (p< 0.05). Conclusions: It seems, in this study differential effects of fibrin matrix, could be interfered it with other factors thereby and further studies are required to determine the distinctive effects of fibrin matrix combination with other exogenous factors in peripheral nerve regeneration.
Avocado Apple (Persea americana) Pericarp Waste: A Source of Oil for Industrial Application Obtained and Characterized Using Extraction With Different Solvents

This work compared the extraction of oil from the pericarp (peels) of avocado apples using two different solvents namely n–hexane and anhydrous ethanol. Direct and indirect leaching methods were used to extract the oil from the pericarp of the apples. The extraction was carried out at different particle sizes, times, and boiling points of the solvents. These were as follows: 0.75mm,1.00mm, 1.59mm and 2.00mm; 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes; 600C and 780C for n–hexane and anhydrous ethanol respectively. The oil extract (active principle) was further refined. The crude and refined oils were characterized to define their physicochemical properties and hence their suitability for industrial applications. Comparative analysis of the results at optimal thermodynamic conditions of reaction time (120minutes), particle size (0.75mm), boiling point of solvents used (n–hexane, 600C and anhydrous ethanol, 780C) revealed an optimum oil yield of 21.2% and 23.9% for indirect and direct extraction using n–hexane, 35.9% and 42.0% for indirect and direct extraction using anhydrous ethanol respectively. Physicochemical analysis of the refined oil showed a saponification value of 196.4, iodine value of 5.653, free fatty acid value of 0.0872, specific gravity of 0.90261, refractive index of 1,600, viscosity of 181.180cp, and boiling point of 890C. Based on the conformity of these properties to the international standard (ISO/TR 21092, ISO/TR 210,ISO 212, AOCS), the present oil is a potential substitute for most oils used for cosmetics and health care production.
A rigorous method to evaluate the consistency of experimental data in phase equilibria. Application to VLE and VLLE

This work forms part of a broader study that describes a methodology to validate experimental data of phase equilibria for multicomponent systems from a thermodynamic-mathematical perspective. The goal of this article is to present and justify this method and to study its application to vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria (VLLE), obtained under isobaric/isothermal conditions. A procedure based on the Gibbs-Duhem equation is established which presents two independent calculation paths for its resolution: (a) an integral method and (b) a differential method. Functions are generated for both cases that establish the verification or consistency of data, δψ for the integral test and δζ for the differential approach, which are statistically evaluated by their corresponding average values [ δψ¯, δζ¯], and the standard deviations [ s(δψ), s(δζ)]. The evaluation of these parameters for application to real cases is carried out using a set of hypothetical systems (with data generated artificially), for which the values are adequately changed to determine their influence on the method. In this way, the requirements of the proposed method for the data are evaluated and their behavior in response to any disruption in the canonical variables (p,T, phase compositions). The conditions for thermodynamic consistency of data are: δψ¯<2, s(δψ)<0.2, δζ¯<5, and s(δξ)<0.2. In systems with VLLE, in addition to the previous criteria, must occur that: δxLLE<0.05 and δTLLE<0.5 K. The new proposed method has been tested with a set of 300 experimental binary systems, biphasic and triphasic, obtained from published bibliography, and the results are compared with those of other tests commonly used for testing thermodynamic consistency. The results show that the greater rigor of the proposed method is mainly due to the simultaneous verification of various independent variables. As a result, the conditions for the new test are verified for fewer systems than using other tests mentioned in the literature (i.e., Fredenslund-test and direct of Van Ness). Its unique application is sufficient to ensure the consistency of experimental data, without using other tests. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2017
Stmn1 up-regulates Cdx2 expression and participates in gastric intestinal metaplasia in vitro and in vivo: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stmn1 is over-expressed in almost all pathological stages during gastric cancer development, such as chronic atrophic gastritis, dysplasia, and gastric cancer. IM is an important precancerous lesion of gastric cancer, however, whether Stmn1 was up-regulated or down-regulated in this stage is still unknown. We aimed to evaluate the expression level of Stmn1 in IM in vivo and its relationship with important gene of IM named Cdx2 in vitro.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Wistar rats (n=12, sex in half) were gavaged with MNNG (167μg/ml) to induce IM model in stomach. After pathological examination with AB staining to confirm that the model was successful, relative expression level of Stmn1 was detected between normal group and model group using RT-qPCR. Human gastric cell line GES-1 was used to investigate whether Stmn1 influence expression level of IM essential gene Cdx2 by over-expressing or down-expressing experiments, RT-qPCR and western blot.KEY RESULTS: We have demonstrated that Stmn1 was up-regulated in IM model induced by MNNG in rats in vivo, and it could significantly up-regulate Cdx2 expression level in human gastric cell line GES-1 in vitro.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We demonstrated that Stmn1 was involved in IM in this model and it could up-regulating Cdx2 in human gastric cell line GES-1 in vitro. These results suggested that Stmn1 might be a potential biomarker or candidate treatment target of IM in stomach.
Ultrasonic based easy parking system based on Microcontroller

The prime objective of this research is to avoid collision and reliable vehicle parking system. Ultrasonic sensor plays a vital role in grain level filling in a container because fill level is calculated by measuring the distance information.Parking sensor system use either electromagnetic or ultrasonic sensor which alert the driver about the obstacles in the path while parking. Basically,the sensor detects the nearby objects. It will be help in terms of unplanned parking, also one kind of wasting time and wasting fuel. So,in a short time one could easily find a parking slot with low consuming fuel. Principally,drivers are frustrated while waiting for the parking for a longer time. Therefore,this challenge can be possible through the ultrasonic sensor.
Temporomandibular Joint Hypermobility - Diagnosis Based on Auscultation and Signals Analysis

BackgroundThe temporomandibular joint is a well-known anatomical structure a vast majority of dentists doesn’t know how to treat patients with temporomandibular disorders. What is more, even physiological sounds accompanying joint movement can deceitfully indicate pathological features. An example of TMD is temporomandibular joint hypermobility, a disorder which still requires comprehensive study and analysis.MethodsForty seven volunteers were diagnosed with the RDC/TMD questionnaire and auscultated with electronic stethoscope Littmann 3200 on both sides simultaneously. Recorded TMJ sounds were sent to the computer via Bluetooth for further numerical analysis.ResultsTwo patients with TMJH were diagnosed. In the first case the RDC/TMD based diagnosis were discovered as Ia (myofascial pain) and IIIa (arthralgia). The second person was diagnosed with no disorder according to RDC/TMD questionnaire. However the RDC/TMD examination does not support recognition of TMJH. Therefore in this paper it was proved that such recognition can be performed based on the digital time-frequency analysis of the TMJ sound.ConclusionsTMJH is rare case, at ours research 4% patients. The recognition of dysfunction can be based on the characteristic time-frequency features presented in the spectrogram representation of TMJ sound.Trial registration﻿The Jagiellonian University Bioethics Committee gave consent for examination, number 1072.6120. 71.2019 from the 24th of April 2019 year. All participants were informed about the objectives of the study. Each of them expressed their written consent to participate in the examination and signed the consent form before the study. During the procedures, the rules of Good Clinical Practice were applied and the Helsinki Declaration was followed.
The electron density delocalization of hydrogen bond systems

Abstract Recent experimental and theoretical researches have gradually proved that hydrogen bond (H-bond) interactions are not simple traditionally considered electrostatic interaction. Instead, they involve electron density delocalization. In this work, we outline the studies of electronic structures of the H-bond systems in water systems and biological organic molecules systems. Theoretical researches based on the first-principles method have found important evidences for electron density delocalization in H-bond region. Topological analysis based on natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis proves that during the formation of the H-bonds, electrons transfer from B orbitals to A–H anti-bond orbitals. Energy decomposition analyses revealed that the delocalized electronic structures show strong relations with orbital interactions. Moreover, penetrating molecular orbitals (MOs) are proved to contribute to the electron density delocalization of the H-bonds, and the quantitative contributions for such MOs could be obtained with the electronic density projected integral (EDPI) method. The electronic delocalization and the corresponding penetrating MOs could be visualized in water clusters, based on the first-principles method. These researches open a new sight for understanding the electronic structures of H-bonds from atomic level, and even contribute to further controlling proton tunneling as well as charge and energy transfer processes.