Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexually Transmitted Infections Among California Youth: Estimated Incidence and Direct Medical Cost, 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence and the direct medical cost of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among young persons in California and each of its 58 counties, and to better inform discussions about statewide policies and local resources needed for STI prevention and control efforts. Methods: On the basis of the methods developed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention we estimated the statewide number of new cases of eight major STIs among young persons aged 15 to 24 years in California in 2005: chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B, trichomoniasis, and HIV. We also calculated the direct medical cost of these STIs using national cost-per-case estimates. To inform local policy discussions about STI control efforts, the statewide estimates were allocated by county. Results: An estimated 1.1 million new cases of STIs occurred among young persons in California in 2005, with a direct medical cost of $1.1 billion. The estimated number of new cases within counties ranged from a low of 82 in Alpine and Sierra counties, at a cost of $38,000, to a high of about 360,000 in Los Angeles County, at a cost of $390 million. Conclusions: These estimates illustrate the widespread and frequently underreported incidence and costs of youth STIs in California and its counties, and provide the foundation for a comprehensive assessment of youth STI prevention needs.
Real and Distributive Effects of Petroleum Price Liberalization: The Case of Indonesia

The impact of higher petroleum prices on the aggregate price level, real growth, and income distribution is appraised within a multisector computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. A reduction in the government subsidy raises petroleum prices and production costs throughout the economy. Consumer demand, production, and income decline as output prices increase and consumer purchasing power decreases. The model is applied to and calibrated for Indonesia. The simulated results predict a slight increase in price level and a slight decrease in output. An important result is that urban household groups will be the most significantly affected by the subsidy reduction.
Suivi de tempo appliqué aux musiques improvisées, à la recherche du temps perdu. . .

Cette these a pour objet le temps musical pulse : un temps qui induit une sensation de rythme, de pulsation. Musique Improvisee : musique avant tout exposee, composee ou non et independamment d'un style qui la categorise, c'est le caractere de creation que nous retenons. Du point de vue informatique, la ``vision'' ou ``l'ecoute'' est l'acquisition et le traitement d'informations. Nous placons notre recherche dans le cadre suivant : l'ordinateur recoit des informations temporelles musicales pour lesquelles il n'a pas de clef a priori, la musique lui apparait comme une improvisation, un signal informatif genere qu'il observe dans le temps a l'aide de processus algorithmiques. Nous proposons un modele original d'estimation de tempo base sur la recherche d'une grille optimale: une grille reguliere de temps ou de pulsations qui coincident le mieux possible avec les evenements musicaux. Nous realisons un suivi de tempo dans le cadre d'une inference dynamique completee par un modele de focus attentionnel issu de la theorie de l'attention dynamique de la psychologie cognitive. Nous integrons notre paradigme de suivi de tempo dans un environnement musical en temps reel.
Integrating Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into Corporate Governance Structure: The Effect of Board Diversity and Roles-A Case Study of Saudi Arabia

Research Purpose: the purpose of this paper is to determine the board diversity characteristics that affects on board roles in order to improve the integration of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into Corporate Governance (CG) structure. This objective has been achieved by reviewing (CG) and (CSR) literature, and surveying various deliberations on offer at the first; second, by examining how the board diversity characteristics effect on their roles towards the adoption of CSR within case study context of two companies operating in Saudi Arabia. A qualitative case study was adopted by conducting in-depth interviews with participants at various levels of board and management in the two Saudi companies. The findings suggested that board diversity characteristics are an essential to improve the effectiveness of board roles (monitoring, services and strategic) towards the integration of CSR in to governance structure. Based on the findings, three theoretical propositions have been developed to assist and direct further research on the topic. These findings are important and motivating; indicating that recent concern of reforming CG Codes in emerging countries is starting to be balanced by some notice/attention to CSR, with growing of board of directors’ role in protecting stakeholders. This paper makes two important contributions. First, it contributes to our understanding of board diversity characteristics and roles that improve CG codes in the context of engaging with stakeholders. Second, the paper develop a number of theoretical propositions that can assist as the foundation for future research on this issue, particularly in emerging countries, given that the data and propositions are derived from emerging country settings. This study highlights the need for enhancing election criteria when it comes to appointing BODs, especially in the case of an organisational shift towards a socially responsible business. The implications for policy makers can be found in the need for regulatory and judicial systems’ capacity improvements to enhance institutional pressures to increase CSR adoption rate via coercive and normative methods.
Molecular xylem cell wall structure of an inclined Cycas micronesica stem, a tropical gymnosperm.

The molecular structure of tracheid walls of an inclined eccentrically grown stem of Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill did not differ between the upper and lower side. The absence the typical molecular features of compression wood tracheids, i.e. an increased galactose and lignin content as well as an increased microfibril angle, indicated that cycads do not have the ability to form even very mild forms of compression wood, which lacks anatomical features commonly observed in compression wood. Analysis of the sugar monomers in Cycas micronesica tracheids did reveal a rather unique composition of the non-cellulosic polysaccharides for a gymnosperm. The low mannose and high xylose content resembled a cell wall matrix common in angiosperms. The crystalline cellulose structure in Cycas micronesica tracheids closely resembled those of secondary cell walls in Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. tracheids. However, the spacing between the sheets of cellulose chains was wider and the cellulose fibrils appeared to form larger aggregates than in Sitka spruce tracheids.
Moving Up the Global Value Chain: The case of Intel Costa Rica. (ILO Americas 2017/8)

This document recalls the well-known history of the establishment of Intel in the country, but its added value, in which this study constitutes a first, is to show that, far from retiring after 2014, what has happened with Intel Costa Rica is that the country has climbed in the global value chain with respect to the position it had with Intel in the first stage of assembly and testing of microprocessors.
Psychometric Analysis of Disordered Eating in Sports Scale (DES)

No existe una escala psicometrica especifica para evaluar las actitudes de riesgo de trastornos alimentarios en atletas brasilenos. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicometricas de Escala de Actitudes Alimentarias en el Deporte (EAAD). Participaron 1.338 atletas hombres y mujeres de diferentes deportes, aunque 141 fueron excluidos. Fueron utilizadas EAAD y la Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) para evaluar las actitudes de riesgo de trastornos alimentarios en los participantes de la encuesta. El analisis factorial mostro estructura que explica mas del 40% de la varianza. Los items de la EAAD mostraron un factor de carga superior a 0,3. La correlacion de Pearson mostro una relacion estadisticamente significativa entre la EAAD y las sub-escalas de la EAT-26. No se encontraron diferencias en las puntuaciones medias de la EAAD. Los resultados indicaron diferencia de las puntuaciones de EAAD como una funcion de la grasa corporal. Se concluyo que la EAAD demostro validez concurrente, discriminante y reproducibilidad satisfactoria.
Efficient Detection of SPAM messages and SPAM zombies in the Internet using Naïve-Bayesian and Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT)

-The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that provides the communication to serve billions of users worldwide. Compromised machines in the internet allows the attackers to launch various security attacks such as DDoS, spamming, and identity theft. Compromised machines are the one of the major security threat on the internet. In this paper we address this issue by using Naïve-Bayesian and SPRT to automatically identify compromised machines in a network. Spamming allows the attackers to recruit the large number of compromised machines to generate the SPAM messages by hiding the identity, these compromised machines commonly known as spam zombies. We used Naïve-Bayesian and manual methods to detect the SPAM messages and used SPRT technique to identify the spam zombies from the SPAM messages. We proved that the Naïve-Bayesian approach minimizes the error rate, false positives and false negatives compared to the manual approach in the process of detecting SPAM message. Our evaluation studies based on one day email trace collected in our organization network that shows Naïve-Bayesian and SPRT are the effective and efficient systems in automatically detecting SPAM messages and compromised machines in a network.
BIỂU DIỄN PHỤ THUỘC HÀM XẤP XỈ THEO PHÂN HOẠCH, MA TRẬN PHÂN BIỆT ĐƯỢC VÀ LUẬT KẾT HỢP

Tóm tắt. Các phụ thuộc hàm xấp xỉ và luật kết hợp là những tri thức thực sự có ý nghĩa trong khai phá dữ liệu. Trong bài báo này, đầu tiên, chúng tôi nhắc lại một số khái niệm cơ bản của lý thuyết tập thô, các độ đo lỗi g1, g2, g3 của phụ thuộc hàm. Sau đó, chúng tôi đề xuất độ đo lỗi g4 dựa trên phân hoạch và kỳ vọng trong lý thuyết xác suất. Phần tiếp theo chúng tôi xây dựng ma trận phân biệt theo một cách khác và biểu diễn các độ đo lỗi g1, g2, độ phụ thuộc γ và ý nghĩa thuộc tính σ theo ma trận phân biệt được. Cuối cùng, chúng tôi đưa ra mối liên hệ giữa phụ thuộc hàm xấp xỉ và luật kết hợp thông qua độ đo lỗi g4 và độ tin cậy Confidence. Từ khóa. Phụ thuộc hàm xấp xỉ, luật kết hợp
Permeability as an important parameter for radon risk classification of foundation soils

Permeability of soils and rocks for gases is one of the main parameters for final radon risk classification of building sites. For the improvement of the method for radon risk classification it is recommended to complete in situ measurements of permeability and/or results derived from grain size analysis by an expert description of parameters of soils and rocks and their changes in vertical profile.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, IN VITRO RUMEN FERMENTATION, AND DIGESTIBILITY OF SELECTED BROWSE SPECIES BY BUFFALOES (Bubalus bubalis L.) AT A SEMI-DECIDUOUS FOREST IN VENEZUELA

To determine the chemical composition and nutritive value of selected browse species by buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis L.) in a silvopastoral system at a semi-deciduous tropical forest (SDTF), epidermal fragments in fecal samples from 14 males of Murrah breed were evaluated. The animals grazed for 91 days in 85 ha located in Portuguesa State, Venezuela, of which 35 ha corresponded to natural grass pastures (969.3 Â± 28.6 kg DM ha-1), and the rest to SDTF with 463 plant ha-1. Eleven botanical families and 22 species were identified, 40.9% belonged to the Fabaceae family. The specie Guazuma ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae) had the highest relative dominancy (60.4%) and an Importance Value Index of 162.6. 60.4% of epidermal fragments corresponded to herbaceous Poaceae, and the rest was distributed among five different species, with the highest occurrence (94.6%) for Samanea saman and Sida acuta. There were differences (P<0.05) among selected species in the proximal composition (40.9 Â± 7.1% dry matter, 16.0 Â± 4.1% crude protein and 2.9 Â± 1.2% ether extract), neutral detergent fiber (41.6 Â± 2.2%), acid detergent fiber (25.9 Â± 3.8%), minerals (1.6 Â± 0.59% Ca and 0.1 Â± 0.02% P), condensed tannins (0.9 Â± 0.7%), potential gas production (67.8 Â± 37.3 ml g-1 DM), and in vitro organic matter digestibility (54.2 Â± 8.0%). In general, the edible fraction of selected browse species evaluated here was similar to other tropical browse forages and confirms the strategic value of this biomass in buffalo nutrition at silvopastoral system. Furthermore, these browse species could be employed in agroforestry systems to achieve a better integration of livestock production in tropical areas.
The structure of low-Froude-number lee waves over an isolated obstacle

Abstract We present new insight into the classical problem of a uniform flow, linearly stratified in density, past an isolated three-dimensional obstacle. We demonstrate how, for a low-Froude-number obstacle, simple linear theory with a linearized boundary condition is capable of providing excellent quantitative agreement with laboratory measurements of the perturbation to the density field. It has long been known that such a flow may be divided into two regions, an essentially horizontal flow around the base of the obstacle and a wave-generating flow over the top of the obstacle, but until now the experimental diagnostics have not been available to test quantitatively the predicted features. We show that recognition of a small slope that develops across the obstacle in the surface separating these two regions is vital to rationalize experimental measurements with theoretical predictions. Utilizing the principle of stationary phase and causality arguments to modify the relationship between wavenumbers in the lee waves, linearized theory provides a detailed match in both the wave amplitude and structure to our experimental observations. Our results demonstrate that the structure of the lee waves is extremely sensitive to departures from horizontal flow, a detail that is likely to be important for a broad range of geophysical manifestations of these waves.
The Relationship between Teaching Comprehensibility, and Instructional Time vs. Students' Achievement in Rational Numbers

The study focuses on the impact of teaching comprehensibility and engaged instructional time on students’ achievement in rational numbers. The study consists of 58 videotapes on 14 middle school mathematics teachers’ teaching on rational numbers. Teachers’ teaching comprehensibility and engaged instructional time are used to predict students’ achievement. The study revealed that teaching comprehensibility significantly predicted students’ achievement in rational numbers. The study confirms the critical importance of teaching comprehensibility in learning rational numbers.
Forecasting the Spanish Stock Market Returns with Fractional and Non-Fractional Models

Problem statement: The content of this note was to assess the forecasting accuracy of various models of the Spanish stock market returns. Approach: We use daily data on the IBEX 35 for the time period January 4th, 2001-March 28th, 2006 and employ both fractional and non-fractional models. Results: The results on the prediction errors for the out-of-sample forecasts indicate that the fractional models outperform the non-fractional ones. Conclusion: Standard forecasting criteria suggest that the ARFIMA (1, d, 0) model with d = -0.017 and the AR (1) coefficient equal to 0.068 is the best specification for this series. That implies that the stock market prices display a very small degree of mean reversion behavior.
Community-Aware Search For Learning Object Repositories

Die Suchfunktionalitat in Content Management Systemen, insbesondere auch in Repositorien fur wiederverwendbare Lernobjekte, ist ein zentraler Aspekt fur Benutzer dieser Systeme, die Dokumente oder Inhalte (wieder) verwenden wollen. Eine ubliche Technik zur Unterstutzung einer solchen Suchfunktionalitat ist die Verwendung von Metadaten, vor allem von Schlusselwortern, die jedem Dokument zugeordnet werden und dieses klassiﬁzieren und beschreiben sollen. Ein Vergleich einer Suchanfrage mit gesuchten Schlusselwortern mit den zu einem Dokument gehorigen Schlusselwortern erlaubt dann das Auffinden moglicherweise relevanter Dokumente. Da Schlusselworter jedoch nur ein Faktor von vielen sind, die die Relevanz von Dokumenten bedeuten konnen, ist es in der Praxis hauﬁg ein Problem, dass die Suchergebnisse nicht den Vorstellungen des Suchenden entsprechen. Fur die vorliegende Arbeit bezieht sich diese Problematik vor allem auf den Fall, dass mit einer Suchanfrage so viele Dokumente gefunden werden, dass es einen hohen Aufwand verursachen wurde, aus dieser grosen Zahl die relevantesten Dokumente manuell herauszusuchen. Eine weitere Auspragung der Problematik ist der gegenteilige Fall, dass nur eine sehr geringe Zahl von Suchergebnissen gefunden wird, die zwar relevant sind, aber moglicherweise nicht alle relevanten Dokumente reprasentieren. Eine in Vergangenheit wenig genutzte, aber spatestens seit dem Aufkommen des sogenannten Web 2.0 als nutzlich erkannte Informationsquelle fur die Relevanz von Inhalten sind die Nutzungsdaten von Systemen selbst. Es existiert heute eine Vielzahl von Webapplikationen, die die Nutzung von sozialen Informationen ermoglichen und auf diese Weise einen Mehrwert fur die Benutzer bereitstellen. In dieser Arbeit wird daher untersucht, inwiefern Nutzungsdaten aus Lernobjekt-Repositorien genutzt werden konnen, um hieraus Communities of Practice abzuleiten. Aufbauend auf solche Communities ist es dann moglich, die Suche im Repositorium um Funktionalitaten zu erweitern, die an der oben beschriebenen Problematik ansetzen und dem Nutzer erganzende Moglichkeiten an die Hand zu geben, die fur ihn relevantesten Dokumente zu ﬁnden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird ein Prototyp implementiert, der fur verschiedene mogliche Varianten dieser Funktionalitaten eine erste Evaluierung mit Benutzern eines weitverbreiteten an der Michigan State University entwickelten Lernobjektrepositoriums (LON-CAPA, siehe [Lon]) erlaubt. Weiterhin werden mogliche Herausforderung bei der Umsetzung dieser Funktionalitaten besprochen sowie die Ergebnisse aus der ersten Auswertung dargestellt.
Hiring Costs and the Firm's Supply of Training

This paper analyzes the effects of hiring costs for skilled workers on the firm’s supply of training. Increasing marginal hiring costs make it increasingly expensive for firms to hire skilled workers on the external labor market. However, internal training can be an alternative to recruiting skilled workers externally. Firms may find it profitable to invest in costly training in order to reduce hiring costs. Our empirical results provide evidence that the firm’s supply of training in fact depends on the firm’s level of hiring costs.
Neighborhood Effects and Parental Involvement in the Intergenerational Transmission of Education

We analyze the intergenerational transmission of education focusing on the interplay between family and neighborhood effects. We develop a theoretical model suggesting that both neighborhood quality and parental effort are of importance for the education attained by children. This model proposes a mechanism explaining why and how they are of importance, distinguishing between high- and low-educated parents. We then bring this model to the data using a longitudinal data set in Britain. The available information on social housing in big cities allows us to identify the role of neighbourhood in educational outcomes. We find that the better is the quality of the neighborhood, the higher is the parents� involvement in their children�s education. A novel finding with respect to previous US studies is that family is of importance for children with highlyeducated parents while it is the community that is crucial for the educational achievement of children from low-educated families.
Proximate composition and mineral contents of Pebbly fish, Alestes baremoze (Joannis, 1835) fillets in relation to fish size

Alestes baremoze (Joannis, 1835), locally known as Angara in Uganda, is native to fresh water systems in Africa, thriving well in both lacustrine and riverine conditions. It is part of the routine diets of families in northern Uganda, South Sudan, the Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The objective of this study was to determine the proximate composition and mineral contents of A. baremoze fillets according to fish size. The mineral contents of A. baremoze from Lake Albert were analysed using standard procedures. The fish samples were categorised into three size-groups; 0.05) in crude protein and ash content among the different fish sizes. However, there were significant differences (p 1.5 kg. These findings suggest that taste, freshness and other related external appearances should not be the only factors to be considered in making choice for marketing and consumption of Alestes baremoze . Key words : Alestes baremoze, Lake Albert, mineral content, proximate composition
Nonparametric Bayesian Multiple Comparisons for Geometric Populations

A nonparametric Bayesian method for calculating posterior probabilities of the multiple comparison problem on the parameters of several Geometric populations is presented. Bayesian multiple comparisons under two different prior/ likelihood combinations was studied by Gopalan and Berry(1998) using Dirichlet process priors. In this paper, we followed the same approach to calculate posterior probabilities for various hypotheses in a statistical experiment with a partition on the parameter space induced by equality and inequality relationships on the parameters of several geometric populations. This also leads to a simple method for obtaining pairwise comparisons of probability of successes. Gibbs sampling technique was used to evaluate the posterior probabilities of all possible hypotheses that are analytically intractable. A numerical example is given to illustrate the procedure.
The Extent to Which the Determinants Explain the Usage of Cloud Computing

The paper aims to determine the extent to which the constructs of Technology Acceptance Model, explain the usage of Cloud computing. Forty-eight males and sixty-eight females were assessed using a 4-point scale based on four main variables of behavioural intention. The data were analysed using the multiple regression analysis. From the Durbin Watson test the R2 value of 0.066 was obtained for social influence, which means that social influence accounted for only 7 percent of the variance in behavioural intention scores. Learner demographics accounted for 17 percent of the variance, and experience accounted for 35 percent of the variance. These results show that secondary school learners are keen in trying out Internet devices for learning regardless of their social factors, demographics and experience in using Internet technology. There was a relative influence noted in terms of experience (resulting from persistent use) as a moderating factor towards the adoption of Cloud computing.