Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marketing and Trade 1 . 2 Social Media Site Engagement ( SME ) and ( e ) WoM

UNDERSTANDING COSMOPOLITAN CONSUMERS’ REPEAT PURCHASING IN THE eMARKETPLACE: CONTRIBUTION FROM A BRAND ORIENTATION THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE Christian Nedu Osakwe, Henry Boateng, Simona Popa, Miloslava Chovancová, Pedro Soto-Acosta As this scientifi c paper is positioned under the relatively big umbrella of relationship marketing; it thus makes a fruitful attempt to bridge the gap between scholarship and practice. Our overriding objective of this study was to explore critically the contribution of customers’ brand orientation as well as other vital constructs such as social media engagement, (e)vendor reputation and (e)WoM on repeat purchasing intention amongst cosmopolitan consumers in eMarketplace context. Data were collected through a non-probabilistic sampling technique from cosmopolitan consumers in one of the EU-27 countries, Slovakia. Data was analysed using the Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling. This study modelled online consumers’ repeat purchasing decision using constructs such as brand orientation, vendor reputation, vendors’ social media site engagement. The study found that brand orientation leads to a higher perception of vendors’ reputation online. The fi ndings showed that a positive and signifi cant relationship exists between brand orientation and consumers engagement with vendors’ social media site. Furthermore, this study found that vendors’ reputation has a signifi cant effect on (e)WoM. Importantly, this study confi rmed the substantial effect of (e)WoM on repurchase intentions. These fi ndings imply that online retail brands should ‘push’ their product offerings via some of the popular social networking sites (SNSs) and, importantly, endeavour to keep track of those online users in the social media community who most likely have affi nity towards their brands and/or other similar brands. By and large, the paper has demonstrated that the studied constructs are key in consumers’ decision making online. Hopefully, the fi ndings of the research will assist the online retail vendor in its execution of (robust) customer friendly policies.
Publishing the central bank's interest rate projections and learning ∗

We study the effects of publishing the central bank’s interest rate projection when private agents form forecasts by using recursive learning algorithms based on past data. We investigate analytically the macroeconomic implications of this aspect of transparency under Taylor-type monetary policy rules. We find that when the central bank announces the path of expected short term interest rates obtained without taking into account that private agents are not perfectly rational, the properties of the equilibrium in terms of determinacy, learnability and speed of convergence may drastically change with respect to the case of no announcement. Revealing the path is counterproductive, as it makes conditions for determinacy and E-stability more stringent and the learning process slower. We also show that publishing output gap and inflation projections has opposite implications.
Bayesian inference of a lake water quality model by emulating its posterior density

We use a Gaussian stochastic process emulator to interpolate the posterior probability density of a computationally demanding application of the biogeochemical‐ecological lake model BELAMO to accelerate statistical inference of deterministic model and error model parameters. The deterministic model consists of a mechanistic description of key processes influencing the mass balance of nutrients, dissolved oxygen, organic particles, and phytoplankton and zooplankton in the lake. This model is complemented by a Gaussian stochastic process to describe the remaining model bias and by Normal, independent observation errors. A small subsample of the Markov chain representing the posterior of the model parameters is propagated through the full model to get model predictions and uncertainty estimates. We expect this approximation to be more accurate at only slightly higher computational costs compared to using a Normal approximation to the posterior probability density and linear error propagation to the results as we did in an earlier paper. The performance of the two techniques is compared for a didactical example as well as for the lake model. As expected, for the didactical example, the use of the emulator led to posterior marginals of the model parameters that are closer to those calculated by Markov chain simulation using the full model than those based on the Normal approximation. For the lake model, the new technique proved applicable without an excessive increase in computational requirements, but we faced challenges in the choice of the design data set for emulator calibration. As the posterior is a scalar function of the parameters, the suggested technique is an alternative to the emulation of a potentially more complex, structured output of the simulation model that allows for the use of a less case‐specific emulator. This is at the cost that still the full model has to be used for prediction (which can be done with a smaller, approximately independent subsample of the Markov chain).
Overcompensation as a Partial Solution to Commitment and Renegotiation Problems: The Case of Ex Post Moral Hazard

In a Costly State Verification world, an agent who has private information regarding the state of the world must report what state occurred to a principal, who can verify the state at a cost. An agent then has what is called ex post moral hazard: he has an incentive to misreport the true state to extract rents from the principal. Assuming the principal cannot commit to an auditing strategy, the optimal contract is such that: (1) the agent's expected marginal utility when there is an accident (high- and low-loss states) is equal to his marginal utility when there is no accident; (2) the lower loss is undercompensated, while the higher loss is overcompensated; and (3) the welfare of the agent is greater under commitment than under no-commitment. Result 2 is contrary to the results obtained if the principal can commit to an auditing strategy (higher losses underpaid and lower losses overpaid). The reason is that by increasing the difference between the high and the low indemnity payments, the probability of fraud is reduced.
Efficiency Analysis with non parametric method: Illustration of the Tunisian ports

Abstract This paper applies a non-parametric method to provide level technical efficiency for 7 Tunisian ports during 18 years (1998-2015). These ports represent different data set. The use of the model of variable returns to scale (VRS) has led to interesting results. The results show that the most ports are characterized by low levels of technical efficiency, with the exception port of Rades. In addition, the result shows the variation of variable returns to scale and constant returns to scale of technical port’s efficiency. Furthermore, we concluded that the panel data improves the efficiency estimates.
Equalization effects of local financing models in Portugal

One objective frequently found in models of decentralized financing is that of equalization. The concern is that poorer jurisdictions receive enough resources for basic services and for development promotion, thus eliminating horizontal and vertical imbalances. In Portugal, decentralization has occurred at two levels: the local, for the whole country and the regional for the autonomous regions of the Azores and Madeira. Decentralization to local governments has undergone several changes in recent decades. The current paper focuses on testing for the presence of an equalization effect in the models adopted to finance municipalities in Portugal, since the nineteen nineties. Using the theoretical background that maintains that for the presence of an equalizing effect it is necessary that, on a per capita basis, poorer regions or localities receive relatively more transfers than the richer jurisdictions, a test is made using a data set that includes all municipalities of Portugal. The situation of the two autonomous regions is controlled with dummy variables. The hypothesis that the models used have an equalizing effect is tested through the sign of the coefficient of the regression of per capita transfers on per capita own resources. In the presence of an equalizing effect the sign will be significant and negative. It is confirmed that, for the period under analysis, the municipalities with lower per capita own revenues are those that receive more transfers per capita. There is, therefore, an equalizing effect in the current transfer system to municipalities. Using pooled data, one can also conclude that the equalization effect has become stronger with the 1998 and 2002 reviews of the system, when compared to the system in effect in 1991.
Humidity Driven Transition from Insulator to Ionic Conductor in Portland Cement

This work aims to assess ionic conduction in anhydrous cement particles and hydrated cement pastes with aging periods of 5–25 days. When a cement sample was humidified (relative humidity = 100%) over the range of 50–100 °C, it exhibited bulk conductivities of 10−3–10−2 S cm−1, regardless of the hydration level, whereas the interfacial conductivities varied in the range of 10−7–10−3 S cm−1, depending on the structural defects or conduction pathways of the sample. Both the bulk and interfacial conductivities were increased to 0.01 S cm−1 or higher at 100 °C, although the sample required previous moistening with water mist. The major charge carrier in the sample was determined to be hydroxide ions, and the total ion transport number was approximately 1. Exposing the sample to a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor caused a decrease in the bulk and interfacial conductivities; however, the bulk conductivity was returned to the initial value by treatment with an acid.
Sex-specific Estrogen Levels and Reference Intervals from Infancy to Late Adulthood Determined by LC-MS/MS

Abstract Context The lack of sensitive and robust analytical methods has hindered the reliable quantification of estrogen metabolites in subjects with low concentrations. Objective To establish sex-specific reference ranges for estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) throughout life and to evaluate sex-differences using the state-of-the-art liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for quantification of E1, E2, and estriol (E3). Design LC-MS/MS method development and construction of estrogen reference ranges. Settings Population-based cross-sectional cohorts from the greater Copenhagen and Aarhus areas. Participants Healthy participants aged 3 months to 61 years (n = 1838). Results An isotope diluted LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for measurements of serum E1, E2, and E3. Limits of detections (LODs) were 3 pmol/L (E1), 4 pmol/L (E2), and 12 pmol/L (E3), respectively. This sensitive method made it possible to differentiate between male and female concentration levels of E1 and E2 in children. In girls, E2 levels ranged from <LOD to 100 pmol/L during mini-puberty, whereas it was ≤20 pmol/L during childhood. E1 and E2 increased with age and pubertal breast stage and varied during the menstrual cycle; E1 was lower than E2 in girls and premenopausal women, and higher than E2 in postmenopausal women. In boys, E1 and E2 increased with age and pubertal stage, whereas little changes with age were observed in men. High E3 concentrations were confirmed in pregnant women. Conclusion Reference ranges of simultaneous quantification of E1 and E2 by this novel specific and highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method provide an invaluable tool in clinical practice and in future research studies.
Understanding the Growth of the Nonprofit Sector in Korea: A Time Series Regression Analysis of Political, Economic, and Social Factors

Understanding the effects of environmental contexts on the growth of the nonprofit sector is important to predict and comprehend the role of nonprofits in modern society. However, little research has been conducted with longitudinal data and thus few informed policy decisions have been made to make nonprofits more responsive to growing societal needs over time. Using social origins theory as a theoretical framework, we analyzed forty years of political, economic, and socio-demographic data to examine the extent to which these environmental contextual variables affect the growth of nonprofits in Korea. The results confirmed the usefulness of social origins theory. The nonprofit sector in Korea has been shaped by political, economic, and social processes that are uniquely and deeply embedded in society. The article concludes with theoretical and practical implications of the findings.
Effects of seasonal grazing on soil respiration in alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau

Little research has been conducted on how to balance plant production and soil respiration (Rs) under seasonal grazing patterns in alpine meadows. Our results from 2009 to 2012 showed that warm season grazing (WG) from June to September significantly increased aboveground net primary production compared with no‐grazing (NG), except in 2010, and compared with cold season grazing (CG) except in 2012, while there were no significant differences between NG and CG except in 2009. In both WG and CG treatments, grazing increased root biomass at 0–40 cm depth compared with NG, except in 2011. WG and CG only significantly increased seasonal Rs in 2009. Daily Rs was mainly affected by soil temperature, which explained 40–49% of the variation in daily Rs for all grazing treatments. Seasonal Rs from July to September was significantly influenced by soil temperature and root biomass, which explained 55% of the variation in seasonal Rs for all grazing treatments. Therefore, relative to NG, regardless of WG and CG, moderate grazing significantly increased plant production and had little influence on soil respiration in this alpine region.
A Novel Approach for Secure data Publishing with Membership Disclosure

In modern days, for various forms of prepared information include tabular, graph and item set of information, information anonymization techniques have been theme for research. In this paper we present regular review for many forms of several anonymization techniques like generalization and bucketization, have been intended for confidential preserving micro data publishing. Our hot work has presented that generalization lose needed amount of information, particularly for elevated-dimensional data. The hand over, bucketization does not protect member ship disclosure. Where slicing is a technique that preserve better data utility when compare to generalization an also protects member ship disclosure better than bucketization. This paper focus on effective method that can be used s long as better data usage and it can maintain high-dimensional data.
Intelligibility of Target Signals in Sequential and Simultaneous Segregation Tasks

Abstract : Two experiments are described in the report: the first experiment investigated target intelligibility in a sequential segregation task, while the second experiment investigated performance in a simultaneous segregation task. In the first experiment, speech intelligibility was examined in the presence of four types of maskers (continuous noise, interrupted noise, continuous speech and interrupted speech) at seven interruption rates. Results highlight the important role that target-masker similarity plays in the segregation of sequentially-presented speech signals. In the second experiment, we assessed whether listeners could extract information from target phrases that were masked either by contextually similar maskers that were confusable with the target or contextually irrelevant maskers where no such confusion was possible. The results show that a large multimasker penalty occurs when at least one of the interfering talkers is contextually similar to the target, but that no multimasker penalty occurs when neither of the masking voices is confusable with the target. These results suggest that the primary impact of the multimasker penalty is a severe degradation in the listener's ability to link together words that occur at different points in the target phrase.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-positive pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast

Background Pure mucinous carcinoma (PMC) is a rare type of breast cancer, estimated to represent 2% of invasive breast cancer. PMC is typically positive for estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-positive PMC have not been investigated. Methods Pathology archives were searched for PMC diagnosed from January 1999 to April 2018. Clinicopathologic data and microscopic findings were reviewed and compared between HER2-positive PMC and HER2-negative PMC. We also analyzed the differences in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival according to clinicopathologic parameters including HER2 status in overall PMC cases. Results There were 21 HER2-positive cases (4.8%) in 438 PMCs. The average tumor size of HER2-positive PMC was 32.21 mm (± 26.55). Lymph node metastasis was present in seven cases. Compared to HER2-negative PMC, HER2-positive PMC presented with a more advanced T category (p < .001), more frequent lymph node metastasis (p = .009), and a higher nuclear and histologic grade (p < .001). Microscopically, signet ring cells were frequently observed in HER2-positive PMC (p < .001), whereas a micropapillary pattern was more frequent in HER2-negative PMC (p = .012). HER2-positive PMC was more frequently negative for ER (33.3% vs. 1.2%) and PR (28.6% vs. 7.2%) than HER2-negative PMC and showed a high Ki-67 labeling index. During follow-up, distant metastasis and recurrence developed in three HER2-positive PMC patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that only HER2-positivity and lymph node status were significantly associated with DFS. Conclusions Our results suggest that HER2-positive PMC is a more aggressive subgroup of PMC. HER2 positivity should be considered for adequate management of PMC.
Elevated Expression of a Functional Suf Pathway in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) Enhances Recombinant Production of an Iron-Sulfur Cluster-Containing Protein

Large quantities of recombinantly overproduced [Fe-S] cluster-containing proteins are necessary for their in-depth biochemical characterization. Commercially available E. coli strain BL21(DE3) and its derivatives have a mutation that inactivates the function of one of the two native pathways (Suf pathway) responsible for cluster biogenesis. Correction of the mutation, combined with sequence changes that elevate Suf protein levels, can increase yield and cluster occupancy of [Fe-S] cluster-containing enzymes, facilitating the biochemical analysis of this fascinating group of proteins. ABSTRACT Structural and spectroscopic analysis of iron-sulfur [Fe-S] cluster-containing proteins is often limited by the occupancy and yield of recombinantly produced proteins. Here we report that Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), a strain routinely used to overproduce [Fe-S] cluster-containing proteins, has a nonfunctional Suf pathway, one of two E. coli [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis pathways. We confirmed that BL21(DE3) and commercially available derivatives carry a deletion that results in an in-frame fusion of sufA and sufB genes within the sufABCDSE operon. We show that this fusion protein accumulates in cells but is inactive in [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis. Restoration of an intact Suf pathway combined with enhanced suf operon expression led to a remarkable (∼3-fold) increase in the production of the [4Fe-4S] cluster-containing BchL protein, a key component of the dark-operative protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase complex. These results show that this engineered “SufFeScient” derivative of BL21(DE3) is suitable for enhanced large-scale synthesis of an [Fe-S] cluster-containing protein. IMPORTANCE Large quantities of recombinantly overproduced [Fe-S] cluster-containing proteins are necessary for their in-depth biochemical characterization. Commercially available E. coli strain BL21(DE3) and its derivatives have a mutation that inactivates the function of one of the two native pathways (Suf pathway) responsible for cluster biogenesis. Correction of the mutation, combined with sequence changes that elevate Suf protein levels, can increase yield and cluster occupancy of [Fe-S] cluster-containing enzymes, facilitating the biochemical analysis of this fascinating group of proteins.
Analysis of vegetation-based management scenarios using MCDM in the Ramian watershed, Golestan, Iran

This research has concentrated on the physical and socio-economic impacts of vegetation-based management scenarios targeting on flooding and soil erosion issues in the Ramian watersheds. The Ramian watershed with an approximate area of 24000 ha is located in Golestan, Iran. For each sub- watershed, four biological actions (activities) and 16 management scenarios have been considered. Physical impacts were studied using the SCS (Soil Conservation Service) hydrologic model and the EPM (Erosion Potential Method) model. Economic and social impacts have been evaluated using the cost/benefit analysis and the examination of the results of a social survey, respectively. Some physical, social, and economic indices were chosen and quantified. The indices then were standardised using the interval standardisation technique. Best scenarios were determined using a Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique. To weight the indices, four perspectives were used. For the first three perspectives one of the physical, social and economic criteria were assigned higher weights while for the fourth perspective all criteria were given equal weights. Trade-off analysis of the results indicates that for most sub-watersheds more than one single management solution can be recommended on the basis of the different perspectives. The results showed that the multiple-criteria decision making serves as a valuable tool to represent the watershed system as a whole, to incorporate output from models and expert-judgments to examine the trade-offs among outcomes necessary to decision making.