Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geography versus topology in the European Ownership Network

In this paper, we investigate the network of ownership relationships among European firms and its embedding in the geographical space. We carry out a detailed analysis of geographical distances between pairs of nodes, connected by edges or by shortest paths of varying length. In particular, we study the relation between geographical distance and network distance in comparison with a random spatial network model. While the distribution of geographical distance can be fairly well reproduced, important deviations appear in the network distance and in the size of the largest strongly connected component. Our results show that geographical factors allow us to capture several features of the network, while the deviations quantify the effect of additional economic factors at work in shaping the topology. The analysis is relevant to other types of geographically embedded networks and sheds light on the link formation process in the presence of spatial constraints.
A FUZZY BASED DIVIDE AND CONQUER ALGORITHM FOR FEATURE SELECTION IN KDD INTRUSION DETECTION DATASET

This paper provides a fuzzy logic based divide and conquer algorithm for feature selection and reduction among large feature set of KDD intrusion detection data set, since a reduced feature set will help to evolve better mining rules.This algorithm introduces a fuzzy idea of dividing the normal record by attacks records or vice-versa, and then considers the feature sets for every attack type separately. Actually, this algorithm is applied on KDD CUP 99 dataset having 37 attack types and selecting important feature among 41 feature of KDD dataset. The selected features are used in TANAGRA (11, 12) data mining tool to classify the dataset (i.e. KDD 99) for every attack vs. normal using various classification algorithms (5, 6). The result for feature selection and classification shows a reduced set and maximized classification rate respectively.
Combining the Attribute Oriented Induction and Graph Visualization to Enhancement Association Rules Interpretation

The important methods of data mining is large and from these methods is mining of association rule. The mining of association rule gives huge number of the rules. These huge rules make analyst consuming more time when searching through the large rules for finding the interesting rules. One of the solutions for this problem is combing between one of the Association rules visualization method and generalization method. Association rules visualization method is graph-based method. Generalization method is Attribute Oriented Induction algorithm ( AOI ). AOI after combing calls Modified AOI because it removes and changes in the steps of the traditional AOI. The graph technique after combing also calls grouped graph method because it displays the aggregated that results rules from AOI. The results of this paper are ratio of compression that gives clarity of visualization. These results provide the ability for test and drill down in the rules or understand and roll up.
The Reallocation of Agricultural Labour across Sectors: An Empirical Strategy for Micro Data

This paper presents an empirical methodology for studying the reallocation of agricultural labour across sectors from micro data. Whereas different approaches have been employed in the literature to better understand the mobility of labour, looking at the determinants to exit farm employment and enter off-farm activities, the initial decision of individuals to work in agriculture, as opposed to other sectors, has often been neglected. The proposed methodology controls for the selectivity bias, which may arise in the presence of a non-random sample of the population, in this context those in agricultural employment, which would lead to biased and inconsistent estimates. A 3-step multivariate probit with two selection and one outcome equations constitutes the selected empirical approach to explore the determinants of farm labour to exit agriculture and switch occupational sector. The model can be used to take into account the different market and production structures across European member states on the allocation of agricultural labour and its adjustments.
Soil Water Retention in the Semiarid Region of Brazil

From the physics point of view, soil structure is a dynamic attribute that is affected by genetic conditions and anthropogenic changes and requires an integrated approach. Soil water retention curve is one of the main tools used in soil structure evaluations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the structural and chemical attributes of soils of different classes and agroecosystems in the Terra de Esperança Settlement (Governador Dix Sept Rosado, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil) to distinguish these environments. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected in horizons of 10 soil profiles of the soil classes: Cambissolo Háplico (Haplustepts), Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Eutrustox), Chernossolo Rêndzico (Calciustolls), and Neossolo Flúvico (Usticfluvents). The soil physical attributes evaluated were granulometry, soil density, total porosity, aeration porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, field capacity, permanent wilting point, available water, and water retention curve. The results were expressed in averages of four replicates per horizon (in laboratory) by multivariate analysis, which detected the most sensitive attributes for the distinction of the environments. The soil physical attributes of the different classes and its inorganic fractions, especially silt and clay, were determinant to distinguish the environments; they affected the microporosity; aeration porosity; and available water. The source material of the Chernossolo Rêndzico, which is rich in calcium and magnesium, affected its physical attributes, characterized by the predominance of the silt fraction. Clay was the determinant fraction of the Cambissolo Háplico, and Neossolo Flúvico; and the sand fraction on the surface layer, and clay fraction in the Bw horizon were determinant of the Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo. The more expressive physical attributes were soil density, sand content, macroporosity (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo), microporosity, field capacity, available water, permanent wilting point, total organic carbon, mass-based moisture, volume-based moisture, clay, aeration porosity (Cambissolo Háplico, and Neossolo Flúvico), and silt (Chernossolo Rêndzico).
Validation Measurement Model of Emotional Intelligence among Technical Teachers in Vocational Colleges, Ministry of Education Malaysia

This study is to validate the emotional intelligence construct measurement model on technical teachers from vocational colleges under the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. 493 samples from 25 vocational colleges comprising technical teachers specialising in electrical and electronic engineering, civil engineering as well as mechanical engineering acted as the respondents in this study. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) AMOS 20 software. An exploratory factor analysis was done on the Goleman’s (1998) emotional intelligence 72 item inventory and only 51 items remained for further analysis. To validate the construct measurement model, three aspects were examined; (i) unidimensionality (loading factor value ≥ 0.6), (ii) validity (convergent validity AVE ≥ 0.5, and construct validity referring to fitness indexes), and (iii) Reliability (composite reliability, CR ≥ 0.6 and Average Variance Extracted ≥ 0.5). After 3 more items were dropped, the remaining items were reanalyzed. The findings revealed that all the 48 items recorded loading factor value > 0.6, AVE ≥ 0.5, fitness indexesfor Absolute Fit (RMESA=0.053), Incremental Fit (CFI = 0.908, TLI = 0.903), Parsimonious Fit (Chisq/df = 2.380) and CR ≥ 0.6. It can be concluded that with the 3 items dropped (loading factor < 0.6), the modified measurement model was fit to be used for structural model analysis.
Catchment-wide estimation of sediment-nutrient loads

The availability of reliable estimates of sediment and nutrient loads is central to effective catchment management. This requirement becomes even more critical if load-based licensing, regulation, and target-setting are to be at all meaningful. It is not uncommon for numerical targets to be overwhelmed by prediction/estimation uncertainty. Given the reliance on catchment models for target-setting, prediction, and evaluation it is important that their performance characteristics be quantified and their vulnerabilities understood. A number of comparative studies have been undertaken and many have reported significant discrepancies among loads estimated from different models. This paper reports on research that: (i) attempts to reconcile (or ‘groundtruth’) catchment-wide estimates of mass load export with empirically-derived estimates; (ii) provides an analytical framework for ‘updating’ model-based load estimates using a limited number of empirically-based sub-catchment load estimates; and (iii) characterises and exploits spatial continuity in load export to potentially improve predictions of load at unsampled locations. We provide details of a comparison of model-based and empirical nutrient load estimates for the 3,000 km Tambo River catchment in the Gippsland Lakes region of Victoria. The Tambo E2 model was used to estimate flow and constituent loads at various points in the Tambo River and tributaries. The main features of the model included 31 sub-catchments, 8 land-use/land cover based Functional Units (FU) in each subcatchment, time series rainfall, evaporation and flow data, and constituent dynamics for the major constituents of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended sediments (TSS), including FU-based generation. One of the major sources of error in predicted loads from catchment models is the extremely coarse representation of a concentration distribution – typically this is characterised by only two statistics: a dry weather average and event mean concentration. In contrast, empirical concentration data are generally spatially limited but temporally dense. Thus, we expect an empirical load estimate at a point to be more reliable than its corresponding modelled estimate. A comparison between catchment model load estimates and empirical load estimates revealed a general lack of agreement. The smallest (absolute) difference is 4.6% while largest is 127%. Overall the average absolute discrepancy is 53.2% with a propensity for the catchment model to yield a smaller load estimate than the corresponding empirical estimate. While our results do not resolve which method is more accurate, they do reinforce previously reported concerns with the bias of model-based estimates (Fox 2007). We argue that the output from a catchment model which captures and integrates processes and understanding will exhibit spatial dependencies that are representative of the underlying correlation structure. We apply this correlation structure to a sparse configuration of high-quality empirical estimates to refine or update the model estimates over a much wider (unsampled) area.
Aging, Technology and Productivity

The possibly negative productivity counterpart of an aging workforce at times of fast technical change is often seen as an important policy issue. We use Finnish plant data constructed by linking various registers of firms, plants and individuals to test whether plants employing an older labor force have suffered productivity shortfalls compared to other plants during the 1990s through the early 2000s – the new economy period while controlling for other plant productivity determinants, such as plant age, size and turnover rates. Our estimates indicate that this has not been equally the case in all industries. In the electronics industry, the seniorityproductivity profile at the plant level reaches a peak in the sixth year of tenure, but then productivity dramatically falls by a cumulative 40% in the following five years. The declining part of the curve is instead either absent or more delayed in time, and definitely less steep for the other manufacturing industries. The age-earnings relation is instead usually concave but stays upward sloping. The discrepancy of results for productivity and wages is consistent with Lazear’s theory of deferred payments. It also suggests that the practice of exploring the relation between plant or worker characteristics and wages as if an age-productivity relation were investigated may be misleading.
Problem Gambling and Sub-dimensions of Impulsivity among Regular Online Poker Players

Introduction: Impulsivity is a personality dimension known to be closely linked to addictive behaviour, including problem gambling. The aim of the present study is to assess impulsivity and its sub-dimensions (non-planning, attentional and motor impulsivity) among a sample of regular poker players, in order to determine whether these subtypes are linked to problem gambling and its severity. Method: 232 regular online poker players completed online questionnaires (socio-demographic data, CPGI, BIS-11). CPGI was used to divide them into four groups according to the intensity of their gambling practice (non-problem gamblers, low problem gamblers, moderate problem gamblers and severe problem gamblers). Results: Impulsivity significantly differentiated gamblers according to the intensity of their gambling behaviour and correlated significantly with problem gambling, confirming the idea that impulsivity is linked to the severity of problem gambling. Among its sub dimensions, only attentional impulsivity did not discriminate between the four groups of gamblers. Motor impulsivity and non-planning were significantly higher in severe problem gamblers and correlated with problem gambling. Motor impulsivity was also a significant predictor of problem gambling. Discussion: Consistent with the literature, our results underline the link between impulsivity and problem gambling among poker players. In particular, motor impulsivity and non-planning appeared to play a role in the development and/or maintenance of problem gambling. These results may have clinical implications in terms of treatment and prevention, and open avenues of research regarding impulsivity among problem gamblers.
CdSe Quantum Dots for Solar Cell Devices

CdSe quantum dots have been prepared with different sizes and exploited as inorganic dye to sensitize a wide bandgap TiO2 thin films for QDs solar cells. The synthesis is based on the pyrolysis of organometallic reagents by injection into a hot coordinating solvent. This provides temporally discrete nucleation and permits controlled growth of macroscopic quantities of nanocrystallites. XRD, HRTEM, UV-visible, and PL were used to characterize the synthesized quantum dots. The results showed CdSe quantum dots with sizes ranging from 3 nm to 6 nm which enabled the control of the optical properties and consequently the solar cell performance. Solar cell of 0.08% performance under solar irradiation with a light intensity of 100 mW/cm2 has been obtained. CdSe/TiO2 solar cells without and with using mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) as a linker between CdSe and TiO2 particles despite a of 428 mV, of 0.184 mAcm−2, FF of 0.57, and of 0.05% but with linker despite a of 543 mV, of 0.318 mAcm−2 , FF of 0.48, and of 0.08%, respectively.
Exploring a pure landmark-based approach for indoor localisation

Humans interact more and more with their environment through technology, recent decades have seen a huge increase in the need for and availability of Location-Based Services (LBS). Recently landmarks have gotten a renewed interest in the field of LBS , although already a quite old phenomenon. In both the outdoor and indoor environment they are being used to enrich existing services such as navigation, but not used as the basis for a technique or service. The indoor environment relies heavily on building specific and less-scalable sensor-based localisation techniques (such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth), alternatives to sensor-based are becoming a necessity and would be a welcome addition. The exploration and development of landmark-based approaches for indoor localisation is something that can extend the field of geomatics and \ac{lbs}. This research investigates if a pure landmark-based approach works for indoor localisation and which characteristics of landmarks can be exploited. This is achieved by developing a conceptual framework that explores how a landmark-based indoor localisation would work from an artificial point of view. A Minimal Viable Product (MVP) is implemented to evaluate if a landmark-based approach works and what needs to be improved or considered in future studies Starting from an artificial test case, the MVP to achieve indoor localisation is implementing and evaluated using a manually digitised real-world and more complex test case. The fundamental principle of landmark-based localisation is that through the observation of landmarks within the (indoor) environment a user’s location is obtained because the visibility and location of landmarks are known. The workflow to go from an observation to a location is by 1) calculating the visibility/isovist area of each landmark, 2) interpret the observations into a combination of landmarks, 3) intersect the visibility of all landmarks in the observation, 4) refine the location based on relative landmark constellations, and 5) follow-up with questions on potentially visible landmarks to improve location further One of the key giveaways of this research is that approach for indoor localisation a landmark-based is feasible, principles and techniques exist (or are being developed), it is only a matter of setting them up in the right order and format them to work, and connect input with the researched process and use them for LBS driven applications. Future work on the subject of landmark-based localisation and LBS is connecting with existing spatial standards, extend the principles into the 3rd dimension, and integrate more aspects of landmark salience.
X-ray emission from the luminous O-type subdwarf HD 49798 and its compact companion

The X-ray source RX J0648.0−4418 is the only confirmed binary system in which a compact object, most likely a massive white dwarf, accretes from a hot subdwarf companion, the bright sdO star HD 49798. The X-ray emission from this system is characterized by two periodic modulations caused by an eclipse, at the orbital period of 1.55 d, and by the rotation of the compact object with a spin period of 13.2 s. In 2011 we obtained six short XMM-Newton observations centered at orbital phase 0.75, in order to study the system during the eclipse, and spaced at increasingly long time intervals in order to obtain an accurate measure of the spin-period evolution through phase-connected timing. The duration of the eclipse ingress and egress, ∼500 s, indicates the presence of an X-ray emitting region with dimensions of the order of a few 10 4 km, surrounding the pulsar and probably due to scattering in the companion’s wind. We derived an upper limit on the spin-period derivative | ˙ P| < 6 × 10 −15 ss −1 , more than two orders of magnitude smaller than the previously available value. Significant X-ray emission is detected also during the 1.2 hours-long eclipse, with a luminosity of ∼3×10 30 erg s −1 . The eclipse spectrum shows prominent emission lines of H- and He-like nitrogen, an overabundant element in HD 49798. These findings support the suggestion that the X-ray emission observed during the eclipse originates in HD 49798 and that the processes responsible for X-ray emission in the stellar winds of massive O stars are also at work in the much weaker winds of hot subdwarfs.
Burkholderia cenocepacia J 2315-mediated destruction of Staphylococcus aureus NRS 77 biofilms

4 Introduction . 4 Material and Methods . 16 Bacterial Isolates and Materials . 16 Biofilm Quantitation . 17 Choosing Material for Optimized Biofilm Formation . 17 Co-culture Biofilm Formation Assay Optimization.17 Sonication and Drip Dilutions.18 Standardizing Viable Cell Count . 19 Co-culture Biofilm Assays . 20 Co-culture biofilms of five CF pathogens in pairwise combinations . 20 The effect of B. cenocepacia J2315 on multiple S. aureus strains . 20 Pre-established S. aureus biofilm and B. cenocepacia J2315 . 21 Fractioning B. cenocepacia J2315 cultures . 23 Sonication of B. cenocepacia J2315 cells and biofilm assay . 24 Phenotypes of Co-culture Biofilms . 24 B. cenocepacia J2315 electrocompetent cells . 25 Transformation of B. cenocepacia J2315 . 26 CLSM preparation and analysis . 26 Statistical Analysis . 27
About the Nature of Time

The identification of the experienced time t e and geometric time t g involves well-known problems. Physicist is troubled by the reversibility of t g contra irreversibility of t e , by the conflict between determinism of Schrodinger equation and the non-determinism of state function reduction, and by the poorly understood the origin of the arrow of t g . In biology the second law of thermodynamics might be violated in its standard form for short time intervals. Neuroscientist knows that the moment of sensory experience has a finite duration, does not understand what memories really are, and is bothered by the Libet's puzzling finding that neural activity seems to precede conscious decision. These problems are discussed in the framework of Topological Geometrodynamics (TGD) and TGD inspired theory of consciousness constructed as a generalization of quantum measurement theory. In TGD space-times are regarded as 4-dimensional surfaces of 8-dimensional space-time H=M 4 ×CP 2 and obey classical field equations. The basic notions of consciousness theory are quantum jump and self. Subjective time is identified as a sequence of quantum jumps. Self has as a geometric correlate a fixed volume of H- "causal diamond"-defining the perceptive field of self. Quantum states are regarded as quantum superpositions of space-time surfaces of H and by quantum classical correspondence assumed to shift towards the geometric past of H quantum jump by quantum jump. This creates the illusion that perceiver moves to the direction of the geometric future. Self is curious about the geometric future and induces the shift bringing it to its perceptive field. Macroscopic quantum coherence and the identification of space-times as surfaces in H play a crucial role in this picture allowing to understand also other problematic aspects in the relationship between experienced and geometric time.
EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF CEREBRAL MONOAMINERGIC STATUS IN A MURINE MODEL OF BEHAVIOR

The purpose of our study was to evaluate some biochemical markers of neuronal metabolism in a classical pattern of behavior, developed by Friedman and Rosenman (1974), the adrenergic “A” type. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated an association between type A behavioral characteristics and specific physipathologic conditions: hypersensitivity to pain, increased heart rate, high systolic blood pressure, bipolar disorders, or specific preferences for atherogenic diet, despite the fact that molecular basis of these findings have not been established, yet. Mice were divided in two behavioral groups, according to their reactivity to painful stimulus (endogenous analgesia): type A (associated with hypersensitivity to pain) and type B (“non-A”, the opposite type of behavior) which exhibits hypo reactivity to pain. Mice pain sensitivity was assessed using the hot-plate test (60oC). Cerebral monoaminergic status was assessed by measuring the levels of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) using HPLC with electrochemical detection, and γ-aminobutiric acid (GABA) using a fluorimetric assay.
Mesoscopic theory of granular fluids

Using fluctuating hydrodynamics we describe the slow buildup of long range spatial correlations in a freely evolving fluid of inelastic hard spheres. In the incompressible limit, the behavior of spatial velocity correlations (including r^(-d) behavior) is governed by vorticity fluctuations only and agrees well with two-dimensional simulations up to 50 to 100 collisions per particle. The incompressibility assumption breaks down beyond a distance that diverges in the elastic limit.