Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Adversarial Example : Local Adversarial Example Learned Decision Boundary Training Example Training Example Figure 1 :

It has been shown that deep neural networks (DNNs) may be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, raising the concern on their robustness particularly for safety-critical applications. Recognizing the local nature and limitations of existing adversarial attacks, we present a new type of global adversarial attacks for assessing global DNN robustness. More specifically, we propose a novel concept of global adversarial example pairs in which each pair of two examples are close to each other but have different class labels predicted by the DNN. We further propose two families of global attack methods and show that our methods are able to generate diverse and intriguing adversarial example pairs at locations far from the training or testing data. Moreover, we demonstrate that DNNs hardened using the strong projected gradient descent (PGD) based (local) adversarial training are vulnerable to the proposed global adversarial example pairs, suggesting that global robustness must be considered while training robust deep learning networks.
The Journalistic Identities of Liveblogging A Case Study : Reporting the 2009 Post-Election Protests in Iran

This study explores the self-identities of journalists who engage in liveblogging, focusing on the ways in which liveblogging practices represent a shift from traditional journalistic practice. Bloggers were categorized into ‘incumbent,’ ‘insurgent,’ and ‘virtual community actors’ in order to determine if these practices differ according to institutional affiliation. An emphasis was placed on methods of information verification and narrative construction, as well as the degree to which coverage engaged with reporting across the journalistic network or relied on primary sources. Depth interviews were conducted with seven livebloggers who covered the post-election crisis in Iran in 2009 and 2010, which were thematically analyzed to look for commonalities and differences across their practices of newsgathering and analysis. This study reveals that liveblogging norms are broadly similar, but there do exist differences of both practice and ideology across the different types of institutions that engage in liveblogging. All actors interviewed position themselves as ‘switchers’ who control information flow between different sections of the journalism network, but they do so in different ways and with different motivations. Journalists considered this new form as a provisional form of news production, one that offers the process of newswork as the product. The immediacy of liveblogging creates new necessities of fact-checking triangulation and uncertainty that lead livebloggers to publish unconfirmed information as the beginning rather than the end of journalistic inquiry. ‘In the Green Movement, every citizen is a media outlet. ’ – Mir Hossein Mousavi ‘Cellphones, computers, the Internet -they are the weapons of the new war. ’ – Mohsen Makhmalbaf
11th National Convention on Statistics (NCS) EDSA Shangri-La Hotel October 4-5, 2010 HUNGER INCIDENCE IN THE PHILIPPINES: FACTS, DETERMINANTS AND CHALLENGES by

The high level of hunger incidence in the country is perhaps one of the most pressing issues that need to be addressed by our policy makers. Official government statistics and data from self-rated hunger surveys show an increasing trend in hunger incidence among Filipino households. Data from National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) show that the percentage of subsistence poor in the country increased to 14.6 percent in 2006 from 13.5 percent in 2003. The Social Weather Stations (SWS) quarterly surveys on hunger incidence also show an increasing trend in the percentage of families that experienced hunger, reaching an alarming level of 24 percent in December 2009, representing about 4.4 million households. One probable cause of the increasing trend in hunger is the rising food prices akin to what the country experienced in 2008. This paper aims to determine the impact of food inflation and underemployment on hunger incidence in the Philippines, using the hunger incidence data from the SWS quarterly surveys on hunger. A vector autoregressive (VAR) model is used to determine the effect of a shock or increase to food inflation and underemployment on total involuntary hunger. Results from the model show that an increase in food prices at the current quarter will increase hunger incidence for a period of five quarters, starting with immediate quarter after the shock occurred. Shocks to underemployment will also increase hunger incidence but the effects last for only two quarters, also starting with immediate quarter after the shock. The results of this study provide relevant information that will be useful in crafting policies related to the Hunger Mitigation Program of the government.
Effects of Partner Characteristic , Partnership Quality , and Partnership Closeness on Cooperative Performance : A Study of Supply Chains in High-tech Industry

Owing to the rapid development of information technology, change of supply chain structures, trend of globalization, and intense competition Management Review: An International Journal  Volume 4  Number 2  Winter 2009 30 in the business environment, almost all enterprises have been confronted with unprecedented challenges in recent years. As a coping strategy, many of them have gradually viewed suppliers as “cooperative partners”. They drop the conventional strategy of cooperating with numerous suppliers and build close partnerships with only a small number of selected suppliers. This paper aims to explore partnerships between manufacturers and suppliers in Taiwan’s hightech industry. Through a review of literature, four constructs, including partner characteristic, partnership quality, partnership closeness, and cooperative performance are extracted to be the basis of the research framework, hypotheses, and questionnaire. The questionnaire is administered to staff of the purchasing and quality control departments in some high-tech companies in Taiwan. The proposed hypotheses are later empirically validated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). This paper expects to provide substantial suggestions to enterprises in the high-tech industry and help them develop mutually beneficial partnerships.
Automatic Text Summarization from Multiple Sources for Time Evolving Events

In this PhD work we present a fresh look at the problem of summarizing evolving events from multiple sources. After a discussion concerning the nature of evolving events we introduce a distinction between linearly and non-linearly evolving events. We present then a general methodology for the automatic creation of summaries from evolving events. At its heart lie the notions of Synchronic and Diachronic crossdocument Relations (SDRs), whose aim is the identification of similarities and differences between sources, from a synchronical and diachronical perspective. SDRs do not connect documents or textual elements found therein, but structures one might call messages. Applying this methodology will yield a set of messages and relations, SDRs, connecting them, that is a graph which we call grid. We will show how such a grid can be considered as the starting point of a Natural Language Generation System. The methodology is evaluated in two case-studies, one for linearly evolving events (descriptions of football matches) and another one for non-linearly evolving events (terrorist incidents involving hostages). In both cases we evaluate the results produced by our computational systems.
Proposed Next Steps for The Preposition Project

One task of SemEval-2007 was designed to disambiguate prepositions using a set of instances developed under The Preposition Project. Ostensibly, this was a completion of the project, since the results from the task were generally quite favorable, at a level consistent with other disambiguation tasks of lexical items. However, subsequent work suggests that many nuances about preposition behavior have not yet been captured, particularly in the absence of sufficient information in dictionary entries of prepositions to permit this disambiguation. This paper lays out the gaps and proposes next steps for the characterization of preposition behavior.
Medical Image Analysis Through A Texture Based Computer Aided Diagnosis Framework

Current medical imaging scanners allow to obtain high resolution digital images with a complex informative content expressed by the textural aspect of the membranes covering organs and tissues (hereinafter objects). These textural information can be exploited to develop a descriptive mathematical model of the objects to support heterogeneous activities within medical field. This paper presents a framework based on the texture analysis to model the objects contained in the layout of diagnostic images. By each specific model, the framework automatically also defines a connected application supporting, on the related objects, different targets, such as: segmentation, mass detection, reconstruction, and so on. The framework is tested on MRI images and results are reported.
Machine learning for assessing liquefaction potential of soils

This paper presents a new simplified method for assessing the liquefaction potential of soils based on geotechnical, geometrical and seismic load parameters. A relatively large database consisting of CPT, SPT and Vs measurements and field liquefaction performance observations of historical earthquakes is analyzed. This database is used to construct a nonlinear environment where the occurrence and nonoccurrence of liquefaction can be predicted using Machine Learning tools. The successfully trained and tested scheme is composed of i) an artificial neural network to map some index properties to resistance values, ii) a neurofuzzy system to estimate the liquefaction occurrence and a multidimensional fuzzy-liquefaction index and iii) a regression tree to generate or complete the seismic load information. The data points, measured and estimated, collectively define the liquefaction boundary surface, the fuzzy limit state nonlinear-function. Based on this newly developed cognitive method, intelligent analyses of the cases in the database are conducted using a simple mapping approach. The Machine Learning models, no necessarily expressed as functions, provide a simple means for knowledge-based evaluation of the liquefaction potential. The newly developed simplified method compares favorably to a widely used existing methods. RÉSUMÉ Ce document présent une nouvelle simplifiée méthode pour évaluer la résistance de liquéfaction des sols basée dans des paramètres géotechniques, géométriques et de charge sismique. Une base de donnés relativement large constituée par des mesures CPT, STP et Vs et des observations de performance de liquéfaction de terrain des séismes a été analysée. Cette information est utilisée pour construire un environnement pas-linéal où l’occurrence et la non-occurrence de la liquéfaction peut été prévue en utilisant des outils de Machine Learning. Le schème traîné avec de succès et prouvé est composé de i) un réseau de neurones artificiel pour tracer quelques propriétés index à valeurs de résistance, ii) un système neuro-brouillé pour estimer l’occurrence de liquéfaction et un index brouillé-multidimensionnel de liquéfaction et iii) un arbre de régression pour générer ou compléter l’information de la charge sismique. Les coordonnés, mesurées et estimées, collectivement défient la surface frontière de liquéfaction non-linéale multidimensionnelle, la fonctionne brouillé d’état limite. En se basant dans cette récemment développé méthode, des analyses intelligentes des cas dans la base de donnés ont été réalisés en utilisant une approximation de mapping simple. Les machine learning modéles, pas nécessairement expressés comme fonctionnes, donnent des moyens simples pour l’évaluation, en se basant dans la connaissance du potentiel de liquéfaction. La récemment développée simplifiée méthode est comparable à des autres méthodes déjà existantes et largement utilisées.
Support Vector Machines for shade identification in urban areas

The aim of this paper is the identification of shades in urban areas for remote sensing images. The final goal consists in the risk minimization for image change detection algorithms. Correct shade identification help us to discard urban shades as urban changes. The main contribution of the paper is to focus the problem as a classification problem using the well founded Support Vector Machines theory. A comparative analysis is carried out against other classical existing classification methods where the performance of the proposed approach is verified. Key-Words: Support vector machines, classification, density estimation
Integrated Disease Management for the Control of Powdery Mildew ( Leveillula taurica ( Lev . ) Arn . ) in Bell Pepper

Powdery mildew is a serious fungal disease in bell pepper leading to heavy yield losses both under greenhouse and field conditions. Initially the present study focused on the management of powdery mildew disease using several chemical and non-chemical treatments under field evaluation. The treatments included 13 chemical fungicides, 8 biological control agents, 13 plant extracts (botanicals) and the study was conducted in two experimental seasons during 2004-2005 in bell pepper varieties ‘California Wonder’ and ‘Indra’. Dinocap (1 ml l) among chemical fungicides, Ampelomyces quisqualis (20 g l) among biological control agents and neem oil (20 ml l) among botanicals recorded as the best components by recording a minimum per cent of disease index and the maximum yield compared to untreated controls. The same trend was observed in both seasons. In a second set of experiments, the most effective components were integrated to further minimize the use of fungicides thus an Integrated Disease Management (IDM) package was developed and tested in the field. By adopting this IDM the yield of ‘California Wonder’ and ‘Indra’ bell pepper showed an increase of 342. 8 and 122.3%, respectively; the corresponding values for the control were 93.6 and 93.2%, respectively. This new IDM package made possible to reduce dinocap spray to only one treatment. Hence, the developed technology appears very promising mainly because is economically feasible, increases the yield and is environmentally safe as it reduces the cost and increases the returns. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Centre for Efficiency and Productivity Analysis Working Paper Series No . WP 0 7 / 20 19 Data Envelopment Analysis and Business Analytics : The Big Data Challenges and Some Solutions

The goal of this article is three-fold. The first goal is to present a concise review of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for the more general Business Analytics (BA) community. The second goal of this paper is to discuss the key aspect (and thus the key challenge) of BA—the ‘big data’—to the DEA community, which besides a few exceptions, appears to have been largely circumventing this area, despite it gaining more and more attention in other areas of research and practice. The third, and most important, goal of this paper is to discuss possible solutions to the ‘big data’ problem related to the large dimensions in the context of DEA. To achieve the latter goal, we presented some theoretical grounds and performed a new simulation study to explore the price-based aggregation as a solution to address one of the key challenges of the ‘big data’ problems for DEA—the immense dimensionality problem.
First record of Odonata and a new subfamily of damselfl ies from Early Cretaceous Burmese amber

A new subfamily, genus and species of damselfl y, Palaeodisparoneura burmanica n. gen., n. sp. (Platycnemididae; Palaeodisparoneurinae n. subfam.) is described as the fi rst fossil odonate from Early Cretaceous Burmese amber. This fossil taxon is tentatively considered as sistergroup of Recent Disparoneurinae. The remains of a lizard in the same piece of amber suggest that the damselfl y may have been targeted as prey. K e y w o r d s : Burmese amber, Early Cretaceous, fossil damselfl y, Odonata, Zygoptera, Platycnemididae, Protoneuridae, Disparoneurinae. Z u s a m m e n f a s s u n g Eine neue Unterfamilie, Gattung und Art von Kleinlibellen, Palaeodisparoneura burmanica n. gen., n. sp. (Platycnemididae; Palaeodisparoneurinae n. subfam.), wird als erster Fund einer fossilen Libelle aus dem frühkretazischen Burma-Bernstein beschrieben. Dieses fossile Taxon wird vorläufi g als Schwestergruppe der rezenten Disparoneurinae angesehen. Die Überreste einer Eidechse im selben Bernsteinstück legen nahe, dass die Kleinlibelle deren Beutetier gewesen sein könnte.
Effects of base station antenna height and mobile terminal movement on the vector propagation channels

In wireless communications, propagation characteristics of smart antenna systems can be described by vector channels. In order to accurately characterize and model vector channels, extensive measurements in realistic wireless environments are needed. This paper studies the variation of vector channels in non-stationary propagation environments which are caused by (a) deploying the base station antenna at different heights and keeping the mobile terminal stationary, (b) fixing the base station antenna height and moving the mobile terminal. Measurements of vector channel parameters in a non-line-of-sight (NOLOS) environment are taken by using a 1.8 GHz real-time smart antenna testbed with a uniform circular array at the base station. The experimental results regarding the spatial properties (DOA, multipath angle spread) and space-time correlation properties of vector channels are presented and discussed.
Exploring Household Structure Effect on Elderly Travel Needs under Variations in Mobility and Accessibility-A Case Study of the Seoul Metropolitan Area , South Korea-世帯構成およびモビリティとアクセシビリティが高齢者の交通需要に及ぼす影響 ― 韓国ソウル都市圏を対象として ―

Recent official statistics show Korea’s soaring elderly households residing without adult children, indicating a need to pay more attention to the effects of household structure on the elderly. In this context, this study aimed to understand the effects of household structure on elderly travel needs under variations in mobility and accessibility. First, the current status of elderly people and future expectations through analyzing 2002/2006 travel survey data and elderly statistics in Korea were analyzed. Second, using the existing survey data, the effects of intra-household interactions and residential accessibility on the going-out tendency of elderly maintenance and leisure activities were analyzed. Third, an original survey was conducted in order to solve the limitations of the previous steps which were mainly caused by the shortcomings of the existing dataset. Using the original survey data, research hypotheses were tested statistically by estimating a structural equations model.
Analysis of Genomic Regions Affecting Cooking and Eating Quality in a Recombinant Inbred Population of Rice

A population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between Japonica rice Nipponbare (NIP) and Indica rice Zhongjiazao17 (YK 17) was used to analyse the genomic regions for amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC), gelatinization temperature (GT) and protein content (PC). Sums of 33 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected on all chromosomes except chromosome 8, 10 and 12, respectively with single QTL explaining 1.56-89.51% of the phenotypic variation. From total, 15 of them were identified in all three environmental conditions. The marker interval RM7158-RM3414 harbours most of the detected QTLs and it may host the Waxy (Wx) gene along with Alk are the major determinant for cooking and eating quality (ECQs). Four QTLs (qAC6, qGT6.2, qPC6 and qPC7) showed highly significant additive × environment interaction providing evidence of environment effect. Moreover, 7 epistatic QTL pairs including 3 for AC, 3 for GT and 1 for PC were also detected. The Wx gene sequencing results showed that the promoter region of Wx gene in YK17 contains three Indels along with two SNPs on Exon 9 and Exon 10 in comparison to NIP. The results confirmed that the Wx gene is the major determinant for cooking and eating quality in rice. These findings can help to develop understanding for the genetic mechanism of ECQs and allelic variation in YK17 Wx gene will be utilized for future grain quality improvement programs. © 2019 Friends Science Publishers
An importance quantification technique in uncertainty analysis for computer models

The authors have developed a technique to numerically quantify importance of input variables including uncertainties to the output uncertainty. The technique makes it practically possible to estimate the importance measure, proposed by Hora and Iman (1986), which is based on the concept of uncertainty reduction. The technique required a limited number of calculations based on the original model using the Monte Carlo or the Latin hypercube sampling. Effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated in a comparative study by applying the technique and a conventional regression method to two computer models, an analytical model and the TERFOC model. <<ETX>>
Generating Hypergraphs and Classification of Two-Step Nilpotent Lie Algebras

In 1973, Gauger proposed a generator-relation method and a duality theory for two-step nilpotent Lie algebras. Based upon these, he classified two-step nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension 8. In 1999, Galitski and Timashev continued this approach to classify two-step nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension 9. Their results were partially improved by Ren and Zhu in 2011, Yan and Deng in 2013. Some decomposable two-step nilpotent Lie algebras were excluded in the case of dimension 8. In this paper, we define generating hypergraph for a two-step nilpotent Lie algebra. The two-step nilpotent Lie algebra is decomposable if and only if its generating hypergraph is not connected under certain bases. Using this result, we identify some decomposable two-step nilpotent Lie algebras in dimension 9. We also introduce a conventional nomenclature for two-step nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension n = 8, 9, classified by Ren, Zhu, Yan and Deng, etc.