Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Osteochondral Lesions in Rotational Type Ankle Fractures With Syndesmotic Injury

Background: The aim of this study was to report the incidence of associated osteochondral lesions (OCLs) on postop CTs, which may benefit from arthroscopic treatment, in patients with rotational type ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury. The diagnosis and treatment of associated OCLs may be an additional benefit of the use of arthroscopy in the management of rotational type ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data of a prospective cohort study of patients who underwent open reduction and surgical fixation of an ankle fracture with syndesmotic injury. These patients underwent routine bilateral postoperative CT assessment. Two independent observers classified ankle fractures according to Weber and OCLs according to the classification system by Berndt and Harty. Fifty-nine patients were included. There were 19 (32%) Weber B type ankle fractures and 39 (66%) Weber C type fractures. One patient (2%) had fixation for a medial malleolus fracture and syndesmotic rupture without fibula fracture. Results: Talar OCLs were present in 8 patients (14%). In one patient, 2 OCLs were found, which resulted in a total of 9 lesions. Two lesions were found on the medial side, both anterior. The other 7 were located laterally, of which 1 was anterior, 3 central, and 3 posterior on the talus. According to the Berndt and Harty classification, 1 was classified as stage I, 4 as stage III, and 4 as stage IV. Conclusion: The prevalence of OCLs in ankle fractures with syndesmotic instability was 14%. We believe that lesions were arthroscopically accessible in 6 patients (10%). Moreover, most lesions were located on the lateral dome, and thus also potentially approachable through an anterolateral arthrotomy during open reduction and internal fixation. The majority of OCLs found in this series were Berndt and Harty type III or IV, and so likely would preferably have been addressed during the index procedure. Level of Evidence: Level III, diagnostic cohort study.
Reduced oxygen concentration during in vitro oocyte maturation alters global DNA methylation in the maternal pronucleus of subsequent zygotes in cattle

Preimplantation epigenetic reprogramming is sensitive to the environment of the gametes and the embryo. In vitro maturation (IVM) of bovine oocytes is a critical step of embryo in vitro production procedures and several factors influence its efficiency, including atmospheric oxygen tension. The possibility that the IVM environment can alter this process is tested by determining whether the global DNA methylation pattern (measured via immunofluorescent labeling of 5‐methylcytosine [5meC]) in the parental pronuclei of bovine zygotes produced from cumulus–oocyte complexes matured under low (5%) and atmospheric (~20%) oxygen tension. Normalized 5meC signals differed significantly between maternal and paternal pronuclei of oocytes matured in vitro at 5% oxygen (p ≤ 0.05). There was a significant difference of 5meC between maternal pronuclei of oocytes matured at 5% oxygen and 20% oxygen ( p ≤ 0.05). The relative methylation level (normalized fluorescence intensity of paternal pronucleus divided by the normalized fluorescence intensity of maternal pronucleus) subsequent to maturation in vitro at 5% and 20% oxygen was also significantly altered ( p ≤ 0.05). Our results show that the pattern of global DNA methylation in the maternal pronucleus of bovine zygotes is affected by maturing the oocytes under low oxygen tension which may have an impact on early embryonic development. These data may contribute to the understanding of possible effects of IVM conditions on pronucleus reprogramming.
Array‐based CGH of primary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive EPIDERMO‐tropic cytotoxic T‐cell lymphoma

Primary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T‐cell lymphoma (pcAECyTCL) is a rare provisionally categorized cutaneous lymphoma characterized by an aggressive course. Its pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms are still unknown, and only two individual cases have so far been molecularly characterized. The aim of this study was to define the pattern of numerical chromosomal alterations in tumor samples taken from 20 patients with pcAECyTCL at the time of diagnosis by means of array‐comparative genomic hybridization (a‐CGH). a‐CGH detected numerous genomic aberrations in all the patients and, putting these together as a whole, they affected all the chromosomes. However, no specific profile of recurrent copy number alterations (CNAs) was found. Most of the gains involved regions previously described in other aggressive cutaneous lymphomas such as 7q, 8q24.3, and 17q, whereas the most significant CNA was the loss of 9p21.3 (CDKN2A–CDKN2B), which has already been found in a variety of malignant tumors and is associated with aggressive cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas. In brief, CGH analysis revealed a large number of CNAs with only few recurring regions that probably do not represent driving events. The genomic instability found in this aggressive variant of cutaneous lymphoma may therefore be a secondary event but, at the time of the diagnosis of pcAECyTCL, the genomic integrity of tumor cells is already compromised.
Development and Validation of Social Motivation Questionnaire.

Background and Objectives Information-seeking (IS) and emotion-regulatory (ER) motivation play meaningful roles in age-related changes in social interaction across adulthood. This study aimed to develop and validate the Social Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ) to assess these two types of motivation. Research Design and Methods Ten items were selected from a pool as the candidate items of SMQ and were administered to 480 German adults (20-91 years old) for validation. These items were also administered to 150 U.S. (18-40 years old) and 131 Hong Kong younger adults (18 to 26 years old) for cultural-invariance examination. Results Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that a two-factor, eight-item structure fits the German adults' data well with satisfactory reliability. Multigroup comparisons showed cross-age invariance among younger, middle-aged, and older German adults, as well as cross-cultural invariance among German, U.S., and Hong Kong younger adults. Discussion and Implications A new questionnaire, SMQ, was developed and validated to measure IS and ER social motivation across adulthood and across cultures.
Sustainable Performance Measurement for Humanitarian Supply Chain Operations

This paper proposes a performance measurement definition to consider sustainable development principles in the humanitarian supply chain operations (source, make, deliver). Previous research has shown the challenge for humanitarian organizations to consider the three sustainability pillars people, planet and profit in their decisionmaking processes. Based on field research with the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent (IFRC) and a literature review on humanitarian performance measurement and sustainability, we define a set of criteria, objectives and Key Performance Indicators that translates sustainability concepts to concrete humanitarian operations. Based on the Triple Bottom Line approach, the environmental and social dimensions are added to the economic dimension, which is standard in HSC literature and practice. The aim of this study is to set the basis for a Decision Support System (DSS) in operations planning.
Joint statistical framework for the estimation of channel and SFO in OFDM systems

Joint estimation of channel and sampling frequency offset (SFO) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, using Bayesian framework, is shown in this study. Hybrid Cramer-Rao lower bounds (HCRLBs) for the estimation of SFO together with channel are obtained. The significance of Bayesian approach in the formulation of joint estimator is shown by comparing HCRLB with the corresponding standard CRLB. The authors propose a joint maximum a posteriori (JMAP) algorithm for the estimation of channel and SFO in OFDM, utilising the prior statistical knowledge of channel. To reduce the complexity of JMAP estimator, a modified MAP algorithm, which has no grid searches, is also proposed. Also, they analyse the effect of inaccurate knowledge of channel statistics and signal-to-noise ratio on the estimation accuracy. The estimation methods are analysed by numerical simulations and resultant conclusions validate the better performance of the proposed algorithms when compared with previous algorithms.
Decoding of walking Intention under Lower limb exoskeleton Environment using MRCP Feature

In brain-machine interface (BMI) researches, a fast and accurate detection of user intention is an important research issue for an efficient humanmachine interaction. Among electroencephalography (EEG)-based BMI paradigms, a movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) could be useful to recognize user intention due to its characteristics of spontaneity and low latency. Therefore, in our study, we propose a MRCP feature selection method for decoding user intention under the powered exoskeleton environment. We combined two spectral features that were extracted from readiness potential (RP) and movement-monitoring potential (MMP) sections, respectively. In each MRCP section, we estimated optimal frequency bands for the discriminative feature using a nested cross-validation. Five healthy subjects who were wearing the exoskeleton performed a selfinitiated walking task. Our results showed the grand averaged classification accuracy of 87.6%. To our best knowledge, we first validated a single-trial analysis using the MRCP data acquired from self-initiated exoskeleton walking. Our experimental results present that the proposed MRCP-based exoskeleton control system is becoming more feasible for real-world applications.
Speech emotion classification using combined neurogram and INTERSPEECH 2010 paralinguistic challenge features

Recently, increasing attention has been directed to study and identify the emotional content of a spoken utterance. This study introduces a method to improve emotion classification performance under clean and noisy environments by combining two types of features: the proposed neural-responses-based features and the traditional INTERSPEECH 2010 paralinguistic emotion challenge features. The neural-responses-based features are represented by the responses of a computational model of the auditory system for listeners with normal hearing. The model simulates the responses of an auditory-nerve fibre with a characteristic frequency to a speech signal. The simulated responses of the model are represented by the 2D neurogram (time-frequency representation). The neurogram image is sub-divided into non-overlapped blocks and the averaged value of each block is computed. The neurogram features and the traditional emotion features are combined together to form the feature vector for each speech signal. The features are trained using support vector machines to predict the emotion of speech. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on two well-known databases: the eNTERFACE and Berlin emotional speech data set. The results show that the proposed method performed better when compared with the classification results obtained using neurogram and INTERSPEECH features separately.
Predicting post‐operative pancreatic fistulae using preoperative pancreatic imaging: a systematic review

Post‐operative pancreatic fistulae (POPF) remain a major contributor to morbidity and mortality following pancreatic resection. Evidence for preoperative prediction of POPF based on cross‐sectional imaging has not been systemically reviewed. This review aimed to determine whether preoperative imaging modalities can accurately predict the development of POPF.
Ontologies in Big Health Data Analytics: Application to Routine Clinical Data

Ontologies are an important big-data analytics tool. Historically code lists were created by domain experts and mapped between different coding systems. Ontologies allow us to develop better representations of clinical concepts, data and facilitate better data extracts from routine clinical data. It also makes the process of case identification and key outcome measures transparent. We describe a process we have operationalised in our research. We use ontologies to resolve the semantics of complex health care data. The use of the method is demonstrated through a pregnancy case identification method. Pregnancy data are recorded in different coding systems and stored in different general practice systems; and pregnancy has its own complexities in that not all pregnancies proceed to term, they have different lengths and involve multiple providers of health care.
Compressed sensing-based ground MTI with clutter rejection scheme for synthetic aperture radar

This study investigates moving target indication (MTI) and velocity estimation for the single-channel synthetic aperture radar system. A four-dimensional grid is employed for location and velocity representation of any moving targets. Clutter terms spread among all location grid cells and a small number of velocity grid cells corresponding to small velocities. Since in practical situations, clutter spectra have a certain widening in frequency, it is favourable to cancel an arbitrarily chosen number of clutter bins about zero Doppler. In this study, a subspace-based clutter rejection method is proposed to cancel the stationary ground clutter in addition to clutter up to higher Doppler frequencies. That is, after suppressing the clutter successfully, the ground MTI problem becomes sparse and a compressive sensing reconstruction algorithm is applied to solve for the location and velocity of the moving target. To reduce the amount of data storage and computational load, some undersampling schemes are done based on the ability of compressive sensing to solve the underdetermined set of equations. Finally, it is shown how the proposed clutter cancellation method is important for the high data rate reduction case of undersampling.
The balance of poly(U) polymerase activity ensures germline identity, survival and development in Caenorhabditis elegans

ABSTRACT Poly(U) polymerases (PUPs) catalyze 3′ uridylation of mRNAs and small RNAs, a modification often correlating with decreased RNA stability. We have investigated the importance of three proteins with in vitro PUP activity, PUP-1/CDE-1, PUP-2 and PUP-3, in C. elegans germline development. Genetic analysis indicates that PUP-1/CDE-1 and PUP-2 are developmentally redundant under conditions of temperature stress during which they ensure germline viability and development. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that pup-1/-2 double mutant germ cells fail to maintain their identity as distinct from soma. Consistent with phenotypic data, PUP-1 and PUP-2 are expressed in embryonic germ cell precursors and throughout germline development. The developmental importance of PUP activity is presumably in regulating gene expression as both a direct and indirect consequence of modifying target RNAs. PUP-3 is significantly overexpressed in the pup-1/-2 germline, and loss of pup-3 function partially suppresses pup-1/-2 germline defects. We conclude that one major function of PUP-1/-2 is to limit PUP-3 expression. Overall, the balance of PUP-1, PUP-2 and PUP-3 activities appears to ensure proper germline development. Summary: Poly(U) polymerase activity is crucial throughout C. elegans germline development, impacting viability, maintenance of germ cell identity and formation of fertilization-competent gametes capable of supporting embryonic development.
Tracking Molecular Diffusion in One‐Dimensional Photonic Crystals

The intuitive use, inexpensive fabrication, and easy readout of colorimetric sensors, including photonic crystal architectures and Fabry–Pérot interference sensors, have made these devices a successful commercial case, and yet, understanding how the diffusion of analytes occurs throughout the structure is a key ingredient for designing the response of these platforms on demand. Herein, the diffusion of amines in a periodic multilayer system composed of two‐dimensional nanosheets and dielectric nanoparticles is tracked by a combination of spectroscopic measurements and theoretical modelling. It is demonstrated that diffusion is controlled by the molecular size, with larger molecules showing larger layer swelling and slower diffusion times, which translates into important sensor characteristics such as signal change and saturation time. Since the approach visualizes the analyte impregnation process in a time‐ and spatially resolved fashion, it directly relates the macroscopic color readout into microscopic processes occurring at the molecular level, thus opening the door to rational sensor design.
The GTPase BipA expressed at low temperature in Escherichia coli assists ribosome assembly and has chaperone-like activity

BPI-inducible protein A (BipA) is a conserved ribosome-associated GTPase in bacteria that is structurally similar to other GTPases associated with protein translation, including IF2, EF-Tu, and EF-G. Its binding site on the ribosome appears to overlap those of these translational GTPases. Mutations in the bipA gene cause a variety of phenotypes, including cold and antibiotics sensitivities and decreased pathogenicity, implying that BipA may participate in diverse cellular processes by regulating translation. According to recent studies, a bipA-deletion strain of Escherichia coli displays a ribosome assembly defect at low temperature, suggesting that BipA might be involved in ribosome assembly. To further investigate BipA's role in ribosome biogenesis, here, we compared and analyzed the ribosomal protein compositions of MG1655 WT and bipA-deletion strains at 20 °C. Aberrant 50S ribosomal subunits (i.e. 44S particles) accumulated in the bipA-deletion strain at 20 °C, and the ribosomal protein L6 was absent in these 44S particles. Furthermore, bipA expression was significantly stimulated at 20 °C, suggesting that it encodes a cold shock–inducible GTPase. Moreover, the transcriptional regulator cAMP receptor protein (CRP) positively promoted bipA expression only at 20 °C. Importantly, GFP and α-glucosidase refolding assays revealed that BipA has chaperone activity. Our findings indicate that BipA is a cold shock–inducible GTPase that participates in 50S ribosomal subunit assembly by incorporating the L6 ribosomal protein into the 44S particle during the assembly.
Heartbeat classification with low computational cost using Hjorth parameters

A method for electrocardiogram (ECG) feature extraction is presented for automatic classification of heartbeats, using values of RR intervals, amplitude and Hjorth parameters. Hjorth parameters have been used in a variety of research areas, but their application to ECG signal processing is still little explored. This paper also introduces a new approach to heartbeat segmentation, which avoids mixing information from adjacent beats and improves classification performance. The proposed model is validated in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) Arrhythmia database and presents an overall accuracy of 90.4%, better than other state-of-the-art methods. There is an improvement over other models in positive predictivity for class S (66.6%) of supraventricular ectopic beats, and sensitivity for class N (93.0%). Results obtained indicate that the techniques used in this study can be successfully applied to the problem of automatic heartbeat classification. In addition, this new approach has low computational cost, which allows its later implementation in hardware devices with limited resources.
Multilocus sequence typing of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum strains associated with fish disease and dairy products

Carnobacterium maltaromaticum is a lactic acid bacterium of technological interest in the field of dairy ripening and food bioprotection and is generally recognized as safe in the United States. As it is associated with fish infections, the European Food Safety Agency did not include this species in the qualified presumption safety list of micro‐organisms. This implies that the risk assessment for the species has to be performed at the strain level.
A proof-of-principle study of the effect of combined haloperidol and levodopa administration on working memory-related brain activation in humans

Background and Purpose Cognitive deficits including impaired working memory are a hallmark feature of schizophrenia. Changes in prefrontal cortex function modulated by dopamine D1 receptors, play a potentially important role in the pathology underlying such deficits. However, pharmacological interventions that selectively engage the D1 receptor are severely restricted for research in humans. The present study is a proof-of-principle for enhancing cognitive performance and associated brain activation via indirect D1 stimulation. Here, we combine the non-selective dopamine agonist L-dopa with the D2-antagonist haloperidol, theoretically producing increased stimulation at the D1 receptor. Experimental Approach Fourteen healthy volunteers received placebo or combined carbidopa (125 mg, 100mg L-dopa) plus haloperidol (2 mg) orally on two separate occasions according to a within-subjects cross-over design. Drug-induced differences in brain activity were assessed during an N-back working memory task in a 3T magnetic resonance imaging environment. Key Results Drug treatment was associated with a reduction in activity in a large number of brain areas, most prominently occipital/temporal brain areas during 2-back performance, which may be due to the effects of haloperidol specifically. Drug treatment was also associated with greater functional connectivity within parts of the salience network during all N-back trials. Conclusion and Implications This preliminary study provides initial evidence for combined L-dopa/haloperidol modulation in cognition-related brain areas and networks, which is relevant for the treatment of cognitive impairments in mental illness.
Atrial fibrillation, antithrombotic treatment, and cognitive aging

Objective To examine the association of atrial fibrillation (AF) with cognitive decline and dementia in old age, and to explore the cognitive benefit of antithrombotic treatment in patients with AF. Methods This population-based cohort study included 2,685 dementia-free participants from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, who were regularly examined from 2001–2004 to 2010–2013. AF was ascertained from clinical examination, ECG, and patient registry. Global cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. We followed the DSM-IV criteria for the diagnosis of dementia, the NINDS-AIREN (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Association Internationale pour la Recherché et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences) criteria for vascular dementia, and the NINCDS-ADRDA (National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association) criteria for Alzheimer disease. Data were analyzed using multiple linear mixed-effects and Cox regression models. Results We identified 243 participants (9.1%) with AF at baseline. During the 9-year follow-up period, 279 participants (11.4%) developed AF and 399 (14.9%) developed dementia. As a time-varying variable, AF was significantly associated with a faster annual Mini-Mental State Examination decline (β coefficient = −0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.31 to −0.16) and an increased hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause dementia (HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.11–1.77) and vascular and mixed dementia (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.09–3.23), but not Alzheimer disease (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.92–1.94). Among people with either prevalent or incident AF, use of anticoagulant drugs, but not antiplatelet treatment, was associated with a 60% decreased risk of dementia (HR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18–0.92). Conclusion AF is associated with a faster global cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia in older people. Use of anticoagulant drugs may reduce dementia risk in patients with AF.