Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GLOMALIN, CARBON, NITROGEN AND SOIL AGGREGATE STABILITY AS AFFECTED BY LAND USE CHANGES IN THE HUMID FOREST ZONE IN SOUTH CAMEROON

Arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF) produce a glycop r tein (glomalin) important for soil structure, fertility and therefore plant nutrition which can be used to evaluate the impact of agricul tural practices on soil quality across many land use syst em . In the present study, its influence was invest igated on soil fertility and aggregation in 3 different la nd use systems of the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon. Soils were sampled at 10 cm depth from 03 native forest, 03 fallow and 03 continuous growing fields systems at Metet (South Cameroon) fo r the determination of easily extractable glomalin (EEG), total glomalin (TG), carbon (C), nitrogen (N ) and soil water stable aggregate of 1-2 mm diamete r (WSA1-2mm). Results showed that both EEG and TG concentratio ns significantly decreased (P < 0.01) from the forest to the growing field, via the fallo w system. The rate of EEG decrease was 29.82 % and 38.35 % in the fallow and the growing field system compared to the forest system, respectively. For TG , the decrease rate was 16.65 % to 46.04 % for the fa llow and the growing field system compare to the forest system respectively; while C, N, and organic matter (OM) did not changed significantly. The proportion of C, N and OM were 93.6 %, 88.3 %, 93.7 % for the growing field system compared to the forest system respectively. The WSA 1-2mm decreased from the forest to fallow and growing fi eld systems, with respective rates of 19.69% and 32.81 %. There was high positive correlation between C, N and EEG (r = 0.76, 0.55; P < 0.01), suggesting the possible im plication of glomalin to soil stock of C and N. Likewise, the high positive correlation between TG and WSA1-2mm (r 2 = 0.64, P < 0.01), C and TG (r 2 = 0.84, P < 0.05), OM and WSA 1-2mm (r 2 = 0.57, P < 0.01) as well as OM and TG (r 2 = 0.88, P < 0.01) suggests that glomalin, C and N may contribute to t he formation of WSA1-2mm, and thereby promote the build up of soil structure. These results highlight the view that glomalin can be used as an indicator of soil fertility in this region and should be consider as a criteria when define agricultural management stra tegies.
Feasibility Analysis of GPS III Integrated with an Inertial System to Provide CAT IIIB Services

This paper describes a follow-on analysis of the potential for an integrated GPS III/inertial reference system (IRS) to provide Category IIIB (CAT IIIB) precision approach and landing services. Three different levels of GPS III capability are considered: 1) one without cross-link (GPS IIIA), 2) one with cross-link but without improved integrity assurance (GPS IIIB), and 3) one with cross-link also providing improved integrity assurance (GPS IIIC). The CAT IIIB landing requirements are expressed as constraints on the vertical navigation sensor error (NSE) to ensure a high probability of safe landing under both fault-free and faulted conditions. In particular the most restrictive requirement dictates the probability of missed detection of a satellite fault resulting in erroneous range measurements. GPS fault detection is performed by applying a threshold to the innovation residual (difference between predicted and measured ranges). A Monte Carlo simulation is used to estimate the missed detection performance of the integrated system. Both step faults and ramp faults are considered. The integrated system comprises an IRS with navigation grade sensors tightly coupled with a GPS receiver using pseudorange and possibly also delta range measurements to continuously update corrections to the inertial measurements. Results indicate that an inertial system integrated with a GPS receiver using delta range measurements could likely meet the CAT IIIB fault detection requirements for any step or ramp faults during the timeframe of any of the three phases of GPS III implementations. However, if the delta range measurements are not used, the CAT IIIB requirements could only be met with GPS IIIC.
Predicting Opioid Relapse Using Social Media Data

Opioid addiction is a severe public health threat in the U.S, causing massive deaths and many social problems. Accurate relapse prediction is of practical importance for recovering patients since relapse prediction promotes timely relapse preventions that help patients stay clean. In this paper, we introduce a Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) model to predict the addiction relapses based on sentiment images and social influences. Experimental results on real social media data from Reddit.com demonstrate that the GAN model delivers a better performance than comparable alternative techniques. The sentiment images generated by the model show that relapse is closely connected with two emotions `joy' and `negative'. This work is one of the first attempts to predict relapses using massive social media data and generative adversarial nets. The proposed method, combined with knowledge of social media mining, has the potential to revolutionize the practice of opioid addiction prevention and treatment.
University of Birmingham Investigating the impact of street lighting changes on garden moth communities

Night time illumination of cities is undergoing radical change through the adoption of new street lighting technologies, but the impacts of these large-scale changes on biodiversity have not been explored. Moths are of particular concern because of their nocturnal ‘ﬂight-to-light’ responses. Here we examine in situ effects of (1) street lamp replacement and (2) the spatial distribution of local street lighting on garden moth communities in Birmingham, UK, to determine whether current shifts in street lighting infrastructure are leading to an increased attraction of moths into suburban areas. Using a unique before-after-control-impact survey, we show that switching from narrow (low-pressure sodium) to broad spectrum (high-pressure sodium) lamps signiﬁcantly increases the diversity of macro-moths in suburban gardens. Furthermore, we demonstrate the complex ways in which the moth community differentially responds to variation in street lighting characteristics. In particular we found that macro-moth attraction was greatest at high lamp densities, whilst micro-moth families responded more strongly to street lamp proximity and the density of UV-emitting lamps speciﬁcally. Our ﬁndings indicate that moths are attracted to suburban gardens with closer, more dense and more spectrally diverse local street lighting, and suggest that suburban areas could represent ecological traps for moth communities if they have insufﬁcient resources to support moth survival and reproduction. Further research is now needed to determine whether street lighting is progressively damaging moth communities, and to understand whether these impacts could be mitigated through changes to street lighting regimes or through the provision of ecologically important habitats in urban landscapes.
A LONGITUDINAL INVESTIGATION ON DROP JUMP PERFORMANCE-FOCUSING ON BRAIN CONDITION DURING PRE-SET, STRETCH REFLEX AND JOINT KINETICS DURING TAKE-OFF

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in drop jump (DJ) performance with a training process that focused on the state of the brain during the pre-set phase, the stretch reflex during the take-off phase, and the joint kinetics of lower extremities during take-off phase. Three male sprinters performed DJ from a drop height of 0.6 m. We measured variables for state of the brain during the pre-set phase, stretch reflex, and kinetics of lower extremities during take-off. The results revealed that the brain showed disinhibition during the pre-set phase, and stretch reflex facilitation, and an increase in force development of the ankle joint were observed during the take-off phase. Therefore, we propose that the mutual enhancement on component of performance in each phase may be effective in improving DJ performance during a training course.
Paying for Live Broadcast: Predicting Internet Knowledge Product Sharing

Despite researcher’s attempts on examining knowledge sharing behavior, the impact of purchasing behavior on sales of knowledge products remains largely unknown in the existing literature. To fill this void, using the data collected from Zhihu.com, we develop a two-phase framework to assess the impact of factors of live (i.e., price), factors of other audiences (i.e., review scores) and factors of speaker (i.e., reputation) on sales. Moreover, with start date of a live as a dividing point, our study examines the difference of impact of these factors on sales between two sales stages (before a live start VS. after a live starts). Results and implications are analyzed and discussed.
A phylogenetic comparative analysis reveals correlations between body feather structure and habitat

correlations between body feather structure and habitat P eter L. Pap*, Orsolya Vincze, Beatrix Wekerle, Timea Daubner, Csongor I. V ag asi, Robert L. Nudds, Gareth J. Dyke and Gergely Osv ath Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babes -Bolyai University, Clinicilor Street 5–7, RO-400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania; MTA-DE “Lend€ ulet” Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem t er 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; and Museum of Zoology, Babes -Bolyai University, Clinicilor Street 5–7, RO-400006 Cluj Napoca, Romania
Design of Composite Routing Metrics in LOADng Routing Protocol for IoT Applications

Machine to machine communication has gained increasing importance in the context of Internet of Things (IoT). The existing routing protocols for low-power, lossy networks (LLNs) mainly support multipoint to point or point to multipoint communications and have very limited support for point to point communication. The LOADng routing protocol is a source initiated reactive protocol with support for point to point communication. In this paper, a composite routing metric is proposed to improve the packet delivery ratio and the lifetime of a network using LOADng routing protocol. The results obtained through simulation show that using a composite metric can significantly improve the performance of LOADNg routing protocol for lowpower, energy constrained networks with sparse traffic. Keywords–IoT; LOADng routing protocol; routing metrics, lowpower lossy networks.
Network Traffic Classification Using Venn Machines

A system for modifying behavior of passengers in passenger vehicles includes housings and video tape recording equipment. When the system is used with a plurality of vehicles there is at least one fully operational vide recording arrangement in housings in one of the vehicles along with empty housings set up to have the appearance of being operational arrangements in the other vehicles. The operational video recording arrangement is for keeping a video taped record of activity in a passenger area of the vehicle. The empty housings set up to appear operational help reduce the expense of the system and complement the operational arrangement to deter undesirable behavior of passengers in the passenger areas of the vehicles.
Application of Dynamic Clustering into CoMP Systems

In the last few years, advanced multi-antenna systems attracted a lot of interest as a means to improve the spectral efficiency of conventional cellular networks. This is the case of Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) systems in the context of 3 Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE). However, the large amount of signaling required to achieve a full coordinated transmission is somewhat worrying. Performing the coordination within clusters of Transmission Points (TPs) rather than within the whole set of TPs can be an alternative to lighten the signaling and processing required. In this work, we introduce the Clustering-based Assignment Algorithm (CbAA) to cluster dynamically the TPs for transmitting coherently to multiple selected User Equipments (UEs). In fact, this approach will result in some loss of spectral efficiency, however, depending on the application requirements, the signaling shrinkage is so significant as to justify its use. Keywords—CoMP. Assignment algorithm. Clustering.
The awakening of conscious bots : Conscious-Robots team , winner of the 2 K BotPrize 2010 contest

Most of current efforts in the development of believable bots – bots that behave like human players – are based on classical AI techniques. These techniques are based on relatively old principles, which nevertheless are being progressively improved or wisely adapted increasing their performance in order to satisfy new game requirements. Taking a different perspective, the approach that we adopted for the design of our bot (CC-Bot2) was rather opposed to this trend. Specifically, we implemented a computational model of the Global Workspace Theory (Baars, 1988), a kind of shared memory space where different agents – that we call specialized processors can collaborate and compete with each other dynamically (see Figure 1). We believe that applying new techniques from the field of Machine Consciousness might also provide good results, even in the short term.
Factorial Validity and Internal Consistency of Malaysian Adapted Depression Anxiety Stress Scale - 21 in an Adolescent Sample

Background: Psychometrically sound measurement instrument is a fundamental requirement across broad range of research areas. In negative affect research, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) has been identified as a psychometrically sound instrument to measure depression, anxiety and stress, especially the 21-item version. However, its psychometric properties in adolescents have been less consistent. Objectives: Thus, the present study sought to examine the factorial validity and internal consistency of the adapted 21-item version of DASS in Malaysian adolescents. Method: Using cross-sectional study design, DASS-21 was administered to 750 Malaysian adolescents (Mean age = 13.40 ± 0.49). The data were then analyzed using Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), in which the original DASS-21 factor structure (depression-stress-anxiety) was compared to 8 other alternative models. Results: CFA results revealed a weak support for DASS-21 as a differentiated measure of depression, anxiety and stress in Malaysian adolescents. Extremely high latent factors intercorrelations were observed in the model reflecting original DASS factor structure. On the other hand, despite the best overall fit of a 4-factor model consisting of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as a general negative affect factor, individual factor loadings for the specific factors were uninterpretable. Although model fit of 1-factor model was inferior when compared the other competing models, this model (1-factor) exhibit reasonable model fit. Conclusion: We concluded that the use of Malaysian adapted DASS-21 as a differentiated measure stress, anxiety, and depression in Malaysian adolescent should proceed with caution and further refinement of the scale is necessary before a concrete conclusion can be made
Green party members and grass-roots democracy: A comparative analysis

When Green parties emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, their political project included a strong commitment to a new type of internal party organization, giving power to the ‘grass roots’. With Green parties having become well established in most West European party systems, has the vision of ‘grass-roots democracy’ survived the party foundation stage? What drives the ongoing or waning commitment to grass-roots democracy? Analysing party membership survey data from 15 parties collected in the early 2000s when many Green parties had for the first time become involved in national government, we find that it is the social movement oriented, pacifist, left-wing membership that is most committed to grass-roots democracy. It is the current involvement in social movements rather than past activity that is most important. Support for grass-roots democracy is also stronger in ‘Latin Europe’ and Greece but weaker in parties which have become established in parliament and government.
Towards an Assemblage Approach to Literary Geography

Over recent years literary geography has adopted a relational approach to its subject matter. This article continues this move, suggesting that assemblage theory can help develop the sub-discipline in two interrelated ways. Firstly, at a project level, assemblage theory enables literary geographers to identify all components that have agency and influence over the power of fiction (including authors, translators, publishers, readers, places, etc). As part of this first argument, the article develops Hones’ concept of reading fiction as a ‘spatial event’ (Hones, 2008, 2014). This article interacts with Hones’ textual ‘happening’ and seeks to emphasise the valence of the spatial event of fiction on reader relations to material and social geographies. It offers a short case study from the work of novelist Tessa Hadley to illustrate aspects of this valence. Secondly, at the sub disciplinary level, the article argues that assemblage theory may offer a common ground which allows scholars from both literary and geographical positions to locate their writings in the broader set of approaches that define literary geographies.
Implications of SSO Solutions on Cloud Applications

The trend in businesses is moving towards a single browser tool on portable devices to access cloud applications which would increase portability but at the same time would introduce security vulnerabilities. This resulted in the need for several layers of password authentications for cloud applications access. Single Sign-On (SSO) is a tool of access control of multiple software systems. This research explores the effects and implications of SSO solutions on cloud applications. We utilize a new framework of different attributes developed by acquiring IT experts’ opinions through extensive interviews to expand significant strategic parameters at the workplace. The framework was further tested using data collected from a sample of 400+ users in the UAE.
Potential for Lead Release from Lead-Immobilized Animal Manure Compost in Rhizosphere Soil of Shooting Range

This study aimed to clarify the magnitude of lead release from lead-sorbed animal manure compost (AMC) in rhizosphere soil compared with nonplanted soil of shooting range. The presence of buckwheat caused reduction in rhizosphere soil pH and enhancement in the level of water-soluble organic carbon compared with those of nonplanted soil. In addition, the presence of buckwheat altered the lead phases and increased the relative amount of the soluble exchangeable fraction, resulting in increase in the CaCl2-soluble lead level. In contrast, the presence of Guinea grass did not change the lead bioavailability or phases compared with nonplanted soil. Lead release tests in solution showed that between solution pH 5 and solution pH 7 the amount of lead released from the compost was higher in the rhizosphere soil of buckwheat than in nonplanted soil, whereas there was no significant difference between the rhizosphere soil of Guinea grass and nonplanted soil. These results suggest that the increase in the quantity of exchangeable lead resulting from the rhizosphere effect induces lead immobilized by the AMC to be remobilized. Therefore, AMC should be applied to soils that contain plants that are unable to alter the lead phases in the shooting range soil. Efforts should be particularly made to ensure that lead cannot be transformed to the exchangeable phase.
DG SOLVER FOR THE SIMULATION OF SIMPLIFIED ELASTIC WAVES IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL PIECEWISE HOMOGENEOUS MEDIA

The theory of elasticity is a very important discipline which has a lot of applications in science and engineering. In this paper we are interested in elastic materials with different properties between interfaces implicated the discontinu- ous coefficients in the governing elasticity equations. The main aim is to develop a practical numerical scheme for modeling the behaviour of a simplified piecewise homogeneous medium subjected to an external action in 2D domains. Therefore, the discontinuous Galerkin method is used for the simulation of elastic waves in such elastic materials. The special attention is also paid to treatment of boundary and interface conditions. For the treatment of the time dependency the implicit Euler method is employed. Moreover, the limiting procedure is incorporated in the resulting numerical scheme in order to overcome nonphysical spurious overshoots and undershoots in the vicinity of discontinuities in discrete solutions. Finally, we present computational results for two-component material, representing a planar elastic body subjected to a mechanical hit or mechanical loading.
The observational status of Galileon gravity after Planck

We use the latest CMB data from Planck, together with BAO measurements, to constrain the full parameter space of Galileon gravity. We constrain separately the three main branches of the theory known as the Cubic, Quartic and Quintic models, and find that all yield a very good fit to these data. Unlike in ΛCDM, the Galileon model constraints are compatible with local determinations of the Hubble parameter and predict nonzero neutrino masses at over 5σ significance. We also identify that the low l part of the CMB lensing spectrum may be able to distinguish between ΛCDM and Galileon models. In the Cubic model, the lensing potential deepens at late times on sub-horizon scales, which is at odds with the current observational suggestion of a positive ISW effect. Compared to ΛCDM, the Quartic and Quintic models predict less ISW power in the low l region of the CMB temperature spectrum, and as such are slightly preferred by the Planck data. We illustrate that residual local modifications to gravity in the Quartic and Quintic models may render the Cubic model as the only branch of Galileon gravity that passes Solar System tests.
Feature Based Image Mosaicing using Regions of Interest for Wide Area Surveillance Camera Arrays with Known Camera Ordering

FEATURE BASED IMAGE MOSAICING USING REGIONS OF INTEREST FOR WIDE AREA SURVEILLANCE CAMERA ARRAYS WITH KNOWN CAMERA ORDERING Name: Ballard, Brett Stephen University of Dayton Advisor: Dr. Eric Balster Today, modern surveillance systems utilizing camera arrays can capture several square miles of ground activity at high resolution from a single aircraft. A camera array uses multiple cameras to capture images synchronously with partial overlap between cameras’ fields of view. This allows a wide area to be monitored continuously in real time by image analysts or processed for information such as object identification and location tracking. The task of combining these images from each individual camera into one large image containing all of the images’ views of the scene activity is commonly called image mosaicing in the field of computer vision. Though the process of image mosaicing is not new, what makes image mosaicing a topic of current research is the difficulty and variety of both problems and solutions. The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the most suitable system to mosaicing images captured by wide area surveillance camera arrays with known camera ordering by using regions of interest combined with a feature based approach. The proposed system utilizes
The Body Concept of Traditional Healers in West Sumatra

In this article, the authors illustrate the body concept of a group of traditional Minangkabau healers in West Sumatra. This body concept plays a particular role in the healing methods as it is considered to be the first element that must be learned by students of traditional healers. Furthermore, the researchers link the ideas about the body to specific features of the matrilineal society. The research was conducted in a village community in the interior of West Sumatra. With this approach, the authors intend to give another point of view in the field of Minangkabau studies. It is looked into the body scheme by considering ideas from an anthropology of the body.