Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smart Android Graphical Password Strategy: A Review

In recent years, when users across the world have embraced smart devices in greater numbers owing to recent advances and appealing applications, they have also become a target for criminals who are zealously attempting to breach protection. As a result, a significant number of attacks have been observed on these systems. As a result, several password-based authentication mechanisms have been proposed to counteract these attacks. Among them, the graphical password scheme is more consistent with smart devices, which are highly graphic-oriented. However, current graphical password schemes are vulnerable to a variety of assaults, including shoulder surfing, smudging, intersection attacks, and reflection attacks. Thus, the paper aims to review recent published papers on android smart phone graphical password and identify used techniques. Moreover, the paper analyzes results to give better understanding for users of such devices to protect their devices from unauthorized access and attacks.
Reliability-Aware SPICE Compatible Compact Modeling of IGZO Inverters on a Flexible Substrate

Accurate circuit simulation reflecting physical and electrical stress is of importance in indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO)-based flexible electronics. In particular, appropriate modeling of threshold voltage (VT) changes in different bias and bending conditions is required for reliability-aware simulation in both device and circuit levels. Here, we present SPICE compatible compact modeling of IGZO transistors and inverters having an atomic layer deposition (ALD) Al2O3 gate insulator on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. Specifically, the modeling was performed to predict the behavior of the circuit using stretched exponential function (SEF) in a bending radius of 10 mm and operating voltages ranging between 4 and 8 V. The simulation results of the IGZO circuits matched well with the measured values in various operating conditions. It is expected that the proposed method can be applied to process improvement or circuit design by predicting the direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) responses of flexible IGZO circuits.
1-Dimensional fiber-based field-effect transistors made by low-temperature photochemically activated sol–gel metal-oxide materials for electronic textiles

We report the high performance metal-oxide fiber field-effect transistors (F-FETs) for electronic textiles (e-textiles). By using low-temperature and a solution process, dense, pinhole-free, and relatively uniform metal-oxide layers were successfully deposited on a 1-dimensional fiber substrate. Particularly, the atomic layer deposited aluminum oxide gate dielectric layer, deposited at 100 °C, exhibited an extremely low leakage current density of ∼10−7 A cm−2 and a high breakdown field of 4.1 MV cm−1. Furthermore, the indium oxide F-FETs, which are photochemically activated at a low temperature, showed a field-effect mobility and on/off ratio of 3.7 cm2 V−1 s−1 and >106, respectively, which we believe are the highest performance among fiber-type FETs reported to date. Based on these results, it is believed that the metal-oxide F-FETs may provide a basic building block to accomplish 2-D woven e-textiles in the future, provided further combining with the weaving and interconnection technologies.
Perceived Social Support for a Sustainable Adolescence: A Theoretical Model of Its Sources and Types

Despite the growing interest in perceived social support as a means of achieving sustainable psychological development and well-being in the various contexts of the adolescent, its definition and composition remain unclear. The aim of this study is to test both the hierarchical order and the types and sources of a theoretical model of the social support perceived by adolescents. The model is based on the theories of Tardy and Lin, as well as on the findings of recent studies on the construct. Three theoretical models are compared using the structural equations method. The participants were 1081 randomly selected secondary school students (aged 12–18 years) from the north of Spain, who completed the APIK Perceived Social Support Questionnaire. The model positing that perceived social support comprises a hierarchical first level formed by sources of support (family, friends and teachers) and a lower second level derived from the first one, formed by types of support (emotional, material and informational), proved to be the first-choice solution. The results establish a solid theoretical base for both future studies on perceived social support during adolescence and possible educational interventions designed to improve social support for teenagers.
Amphibian Speciation Rates Support a General Role of Mountains as Biodiversity Pumps

Continental mountain areas cover <15% of global land surface, yet these regions concentrate >80% of global terrestrial diversity. One prominent hypothesis to explain this pattern proposes that high mountain diversities could be explained by higher diversification rates in regions of high topographic complexity (HTC). While high speciation in mountains has been detected for particular clades and regions, the global extent to which lineages experience faster speciation in mountains remains unknown. Here we addressed this issue using amphibians as a model system (>7,000 species), and we found that families showing high speciation rates contain a high proportion of species distributed in mountains. Moreover, we found that lineages inhabiting areas of HTC speciate faster than lineages occupying areas that are topographically less complex. When comparing across regions, we identified the same pattern in five biogeographical realms where higher speciation rates are associated with higher levels of complex topography. Low-magnitude differences in speciation rates between some low and high complex topographies suggest that high mountain diversity is also affected by low extinction and/or high colonization rates. Nevertheless, our results bolster the importance of mountains as engines of speciation at different geographical scales and highlight their importance for the conservation of global biodiversity.
POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF THE AFM (ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY) IN COSMETOLOGY.

Summary The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) is able to image the surface prope1ties of ali types of mate­ ri a ls (conductors, in sul ators, bio logical and vegetai samples) with a very hi gh resolution and in the native state. ln parti cul ar, AFM is used to study a number of biologie system such as DNA-replication and pro­ tein/ prote in , DNA/protein interactions; furthermore, in cosmetology, it's suitabl e to study the fun ­ damental characteri sti cs of the skin , like elasticity and wrinkledness, a nd to compare for exampl e morphological properti es of human virgin hair and c he mical or polymer treated hair. The most important characteri stics of thi s instrume nt in cosmetological analyses are: • the samples can be directe ly examined without previus treatment, i.e. in native conditions, • data are col lect in a di gitai form, • 3-D image rendering with vari able magnification and s hading, • view of the recorded image from a ny point of the space. Jn our laboratory we analyse numerous samples of cosmetic interest and in parti cular human hair and replica of human skin. In this short paper we present pre limi nary data on human verg in hairs.
Microscale Physical and Mechanical Analyses of Distemper Paint: A Case Study of Eidsborg Stave Church, Norway

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the use of micro-sensitive methods – nanoindentation, dynamic water vapour sorption, and X-ray microtomography – to examine the physical properties of small volumes of artists’ materials. The novel methodology proposed in this paper was tested on laboratory-prepared chalk-based ground samples and subsequently applied to distemper paint samples taken from the polychrome walls of Eidsborg stave church. This article discusses key parameters that can be used to inform macro-sized mock-ups mimicking physical and mechanical behaviour of artistic materials, and highlights limitations of such an approach for highly heterogeneous paint systems. Dynamic water vapour sorption measurements allowed determination of the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of distemper paint from Eidsborg stave church as 95%. To the authors’ knowledge, this represents the first assessment of PVC for historic distemper paint using a non-destructive experimental technique, which can be extended to other hygroscopic samples of known composition.
The costs and benefits to memory when observing and experiencing live eye contact

ABSTRACT Eye contact enhances memory for spoken words. The present research examined if a similar effect occurs when one observes rather than experiences eye contact, and whether the effect extends to situations where physical presence is eliminated (i.e., video-conferencing). In two studies a live investigator read words aloud while making eye contact with a participant, their partner, or neither individual (baseline); either in person (Experiment 1) or over Skype (Experiment 2). Replicating and extending previous work, experiencing eye contact improved word recognition. However, observing eye contact between a partner and the investigator resulted in a significant decline in memory performance only when experienced in person (Experiment 1). The results indicate that during a group-interaction, eye contact communicates for whom the message is intended, and this increases memory performance for the person who experiences eye contact, and decreases performance for the excluded individual when eye contact is observed in person.
Impact of Institutional Distance on Chinese Citizens’ Outbound Tourism Destination Selection

ABSTRACT One of the most important research themes in outbound tourism is the selection behavior of tourism destinations for international tourists, as it is a complex decision-making process influenced by factors such as institutions, culture, and economics. Moreover, the institutional factors affecting the selection of tourism destinations have not attracted significant attention. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to study how the differences in social environments between countries affect the choices of outbound tourism, drawing conclusions on the characteristics and ways how the economic, cultural, and institutional differences affect the selection process of tourism destinations. This empirical research further demonstrates that the difference in institutional distance can negatively influence the choices of Chinese outbound tourists. Regulative distance has a negative impact, normative distance has not been verified, while cultural distance has a negative influence on Chinese citizens’ choices of outbound tourism.
Psychosocial and Behavioral Aspects of Women’s Sexual Pleasure: A Scoping Review

Abstract Objectives To clarify the psychosocial and behavioral factors related to women’s sexual pleasure. Methods A search was conducted on EBSCO and Web of Science databases using the key terms “female sexual pleasure” and “women sexual pleasure” and following PRISMA guidelines. Results 76 articles were identified, referring to sexual practices, individual factors, interpersonal factors, societal factors, and ways of enhancing sexual pleasure. Conclusions Age, sexual experience, arousability, body-esteem, sexual autonomy, and sexual assertiveness seem to benefit women’s sexual pleasure, while sexual compliance and a gender power imbalance seem to compromise it. Additional research regarding non-western and non-heterosexual women is still required.
Youth Restiveness in Nigeria: Implications on Sustainable National Development

Youth restiveness has become a topical issue for discussion in the social, economic and polity domain in Nigeria. It is a fact that Nigeria cannot thrive and progress significantly with youths who are restive. Nigeria’s peace, security and corporate existence as a nation is threatened because of the prevalence of this phenomenon. The causes of youth restiveness are connected to unemployment, lack of basic and inadequate infrastructural facilities and inadequate social amenities amongst others. The spiralling effect of youth restiveness are evident in Nigeria as ethnic militia, kidnapping, cultism, armed robbery, agitations and involvement in social insecurity. The causes and effects of youth restiveness have promoted uncertainties which have led to failure, fear and underdevelopment of most sectors in the Nigeria. The conflict theory explains that threatening events such as wars, revolution, domestic violence and others are as a result of competition and limited resources. Unfortunately, Nigeria’s government has not done enough by providing basic facilities, employment opportunities and effective empowerment programmes for the youths to be gainfully employed. This study holds unto the premise that in order to control youths in Nigeria, their skills, talents and education must be recognized, encouraged and channelled to the right sector in the society for growth, sustainable development and national peace. This paper reviewed the arguments surrounding youth restiveness in Nigeria alongside some recommendations on how the government could effectively be organized and responsible to counter the growing rate of youth restiveness in Nigeria.
‘A veto for the government’: the Money Message as a foil to new legislation

ABSTRACT Veto players hold the capacity to decline a choice being made, making them powerful actors within legislative systems. During 2016–2020, Ireland was governed by a minority government, reliant on confidence and supply votes from other parliamentarians, thus it did not hold a veto during parliamentary votes. However, if the independent Bills Office and Ceann Comhairle deemed a ‘Money Message’ would be necessary for a Private Members’ Bill (PMB), even if it had achieved majority support in the Dáil, then the government could refuse to grant one, returning veto status to the minority government. To date, research has not provided a comprehensive overview of the PMBs blocked, nor examined in detail the cases that were high-profile. Via a nested analysis, we code 79 PMBs and complement our analysis through interviews with parliamentarians whose bills were blocked. We identify eleven policy themes in the PMBs that were blocked, demonstrating that vetoing via the Money Message was a widespread phenomenon. Next, we conduct a small-n analysis of the application of Money Messages across a variety of bills. Our analysis provides the first comprehensive examination of a procedure that holds lasting implications for the legislative process, perceptions of democracy, and executive dominance over minor parties in Ireland.
Event-Triggered Dissipative Tracking Control of Networked Control Systems With Distributed Communication Delay

This article presents the design of an event-trigger-based networked robust dissipative tracking control systems. An event-triggered mechanism (ETM) is proposed by introducing the probability density distribution of communication delay. Thus, it can yield less conservative results. The tracking error system is transferred by a distributed communication delay system wherein the delay probability density is viewed as the kernel of the distributed delay. The threshold of the proposed ETM is designed as a dynamic parameter to adapt the transmission of the control signal. By applying the Lyapunov method, sufficient conditions are achieved to ensure the stability of the tracking error system with strictly dissipative performance, which includes $H_{\infty }$ performance and passive performance. Based on the dissipativity analysis condition, a co-design method with both tracking control and the ETM is derived in a united framework. Experiments on networked dc motor tracking system are provided to show the effectiveness of the presented method.
On the biopolitics of humane drug policies: What can we learn from 19th century sobriety boards?

Background: In accordance with recommendations from The United Nations’ Chief Executives Board of Coordination, several countries are in the process of reforming their punitive drug policies towards health-based approaches – from punishment to help. The Portuguese model of decriminalisation is generally seen as a good model for other countries and has been scientifically described in favourable terms, and not much scrutinised. Method: This article draws on foucauldian archaeological and genealogical approaches in order to understand and compare governance logics of the 19th century Norwegian sobriety boards and 21st century Portuguese commissions. In doing this, we problematize contemporary drug policy reform discussions that point to the “Portuguese model”, which aims to stop punishing and start helping drug-dependent people, are problematised. Findings: The Portuguese commissions investigate whether drug-using people are dependent or not. Dependency, circumstances of consumption and their economy are considered when the commission decides on penalising, assisting, or treating the person, or a combination of all this. This model was studied alongside the Norwegian sobriety boards mandated by the Sobriety Act that was implemented in 1932. Sobriety boards governed poor alcoholics. Authorities from the sobriety movement were central in creating sobriety policies that culminated in sobriety boards. The Portuguese commissions have similarities to Norwegian sobriety boards. They make use of sanctions and treatment to govern people who use illicit substances to make them abstain, with the view that this is emancipatory for these people. The different apparatuses have distinct and different ways of making up, and governing their subjects. Conclusion: This article contributes to debates on drug policy reforms and aims to investigate whether they might produce biopower effects of governance masked by an emancipatory language. There is a need for critical studies on drug policy reforms to avoid policies that maintain divisions and control marginalised populations.
Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Co-Teaching for Special Educators

More than three decades ago, Shulman introduced the concept of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) to describe the ways of representing and formulating the subject matter to make it comprehensible to others. It involves understanding of how particular subject matter topics and issues are organized and represented in order to teach in an effective way. It also involves understanding the needs and struggles of the students. Shulman (1987) identified PCK as one of seven categories of teachers’ knowledge which is essential for providing meaningful learning experiences to all students including children with disabilities. This calls for special educators in inclusive settings to possess the knowledge and skills to implement PCK in teaching all students. There is no global PCK model; researchers have explained it differently in terms of components in the field. This paper attempts to explain the concept of PCK, its importance for special educators teaching in co-teaching and two models of PCK namely Shulman’s Model and Ball’s Model.
Overexpression of SlMBP22 in Tomato Affects Flower Morphology, Fruit Set and Development

MADS-domain transcription factors have been clarified as key regulators involved in proper flower and fruit development in angiosperms. Bs genes, as members of the MADS-box subfamily, have been suggested to play an important role during the evolution of the reproductive organs in seed plants. Our knowledge about their effects on reproductive development in fruit crops like tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), however, is still unclear. Here, we found that the overexpression of SlMBP22 (SlMBP22-OE) resulted in considerable alterations regarding floral morphology, and affected the expression levels of several floral homeotic genes. Further analysis by yeast-two-hybrid assays demonstrated that SlMBP22 could form dimers with class A protein MACROCALYX (MC) and with SEPALLATA (SEP) floral homeotic proteins TM5 and TM29, respectively. In addition, pollen viability and cross-fertilization assays suggested that the defect in female reproductive development was responsible for infertility phenotype observed in the strong overexpression transgenic plants. The mild overexpression transgenic fruits were reduced in size, as a result of reduced cell expansion, rather than impaired cell division. Additionally, overexpression of SlMBP22 in tomato not only affected proanthocyanidin (PA) accumulation but also altered seed dormancy. Taken together, these findings may provide new insights into the knowledge of Bs MADS-box genes in flower and fruit development in tomato.
Evaluation of Praziquantel Efficacy against Zeuxapta seriolae Infections in Greater Amberjack, Seriola dumerili

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dietary praziquantel (PZQ), a promising fish anthelminthic, against Zeuxapta seriolae, a lethal ectoparasite of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili Risso) farmed in the Mediterranean and elsewhere. The trial was carried out in small cages (3 m3) in situ, harbouring fish (125 ± 14 g) naturally infected with Z. seriolae, at 25 ± 1 °C water temperature. Praziquantel-medicated diet (150 mg PZQ/kg fish) was delivered for three days against a control group. Measurement of both adults and oncomiracidia of Z. seriolae in sampled gill arches revealed significant differences between the tested groups (PZQ: 19.3 ± 9.8 vs. Control: 3.8 ± 6.3). Considering an estimated efficacy of 80.4% in the medicated fish, the present study indicates that oral PZQ treatments can confront Z. seriolae infections considerably in farmed greater amberjack and, perhaps, replace the commonly used hydrogen peroxidase baths.
Impact of Industrial Air Pollution on Agricultural Production

This paper aimed to study how industrial air pollution impacts crop yield by investigating the relationship between output and changes in factors. A translog production function was estimated in the context of stochastic frontier analysis using data collected from a field survey in the case of corn. The interaction between the factors as well as the impact of industrial air pollution on the relationship between factors was analyzed using numerical simulation, followed by the estimation of economic losses of corn yield in the polluted area. Results show that industrial air pollution causes a decrease in crop yield for two reasons. First, industrial air pollution changes the output elasticities of production factors and reduces its absolute amount. Second, industrial air pollution causes the relationship between labor and capital, labor and chemicals, capital and seeds to change from substitutable to complementary; it also resulted in an opposite result for the relationship between capital and chemicals. The paper presents a new explanation of how industrial air pollution affects agricultural production from an economic perspective.