Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gypsum as a source of sulfur for strawberry crops

There are several studies on plant responses to Sulfur (S), but few are specific to the strawberry crop. The requirement for nutrients and the nutritional status of plants is a particular attribute of each species that should be taken into account when determining the plant’s nutritional demand. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of S and phosphate (P) rates in the development and productivity of strawberry crops. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in pots containing 2 kg soil (Oxisol) in Guarapuava city of Paraná State. The experiment consisted of a 6 × 2 factorial outlined in a randomized block design with three replications, with six doses of S: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg kg-1 in the form of gypsum, and two doses of P: 300 and 600 mg kg-1 of P2O5. The Albion variety of strawberry plants was transplanted to pots and grown for 170 days. The fruits were harvested and weighed throughout the experiment; a similar procedure was followed for the shoots at the end of the experiment. The shoots and fruits were dried, weighed, ground, and analyzed for the content of S, Ca, and P. The production of strawberry fruits was influenced by S rates, with the highest productivity obtained by using S rates of 60 and 37 mg kg-1 with the application of 300 and 600 mg kg-1 of P, respectively.
Language Modelling for the Clinical Semantic Verbal Fluency Task

Semantic Verbal Fluency (SVF) tests are common neuropsychological tasks, in which patients are asked to name as many words belonging to a semantic category as they can in 60 seconds. These tests are sensitive to even early forms of dementia caused by e.g. Alzheimer’s disease. Performance is usually measured as the total number of correct responses. Clinical research has shown that not only the raw count, but also production strategy is a relevant clinical marker. We employed language modelling (LM) as a natural technique to model production in this task. Comparing different LMs, we show that perplexity of a persons SVF production predicts dementia well (F1 = 0.83). Demented patients show significantly lower perplexity, thus are more predictable. Persons in advanced stages of dementia differ in predictability of word choice and production strategy people in early stages only in predictability of production strategy.
Electromechanical Dynamic Behaviour and Start-Up Evaluation of Tumbling Ball Mills

This paper presents a dynamic simulator of the electromechanical coupling start-up of a ball mill. The electromechanical coupling model based on the dynamic model of the ball mill, the characteristic equation of the clutch, and the dynamic model of the induction motor is established. Comparison between the simulation results of angular speed, load torque and current obtained from the model, and the experimental results is conducted to validate the correctness of these simulation results. Results show that the simulation results of the electromechanical model are highly consistent with the experimental results. Two indexes are proposed for evaluation. Finally, a 4500 kW ball mill is used to analyse the start-up process with different operation parameters of the air clutch. The effect of the engagement time and the pressure of the air clutch on the torque, current, and shock extent is analysed. Moreover, the optimum inflation time is determined.
Proposed Economical and Stable Lepton Mass Matrices with Texture Zeros

There are many viable combinations of texture zeros in lepton mass matrices. We propose an economical and stable mass texture. Analytical and numerical results on mixing parameters and the effective mass of neutrinos are obtained. These results satisfy new constraints from neutrinos oscillation experiments and cosmological observations. Their stabilities are also examined through the perturbations to some structure parameters. Our proposition reveals that, in the complex forest of neutrinos mixing models, a simple and stable one is still possible.
A Model of a Battery Energy Storage System for Power Systems Stability Studies

The electric power systems, which are responsible for energy transportation in the form of electricity, are subject to a number of disturbances such as frequency variations or voltage fluctuations. These situations can influence the power quality, bringing a negative impact to the devices that we connect to the network. An effective energy storage, such as Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), is able to bring to the network many advantages, not only in power quality applications that increase network security but also in energy management applications that enables efficient response to fluctuations demand and increased use of renewable energy. Batteries, as auxiliary network element, exhibit unique characteristics of performance, efficiency and versatility, especially the lithium-ion’s. The modeling of this technology is a complex process because even the battery characteristics are easily influenced by external factors. However, the chosen model intends to represent not only the various physical phenomena present but also the influence of the BESS in power systems.
Facultative feeding and consistency of trophic structure in marine soft-bottom macrobenthic communities

We investigated the roles of facultative versus strict niche feeding in the maintenance of trophic consistency in soft-bottom macrobenthic communities in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada. Changes in trophic structure across gradients in depth and percent fine sediments were examined over a broad regional scale by identifying trophic compartment(s) re sponsible for the resulting trophic changes. The use of proportional organic biomass data allows direct comparison of community trophic structure across diverse hydrographic regime(s), large ranges in overall biomass and productivity, and highly variable community composition. Cluster analyses revealed low overall dissimilarity in trophic structure across all substrate and depth ranges (24 and 28% divergence, respectively), suggesting an overall economy of trophic function. Similarity percentage (SIMPER) analyses revealed that low trophic dissimilarity is driven primarily by the remarkably even distribution of the 2 dominant facultative feeding groups in all habitat types. These facultative groups contained the most ubiquitous and abundant taxa found throughout the Strait, and likely confer strong resilience in these communities to habitat change. In contrast, the small but significant divergences in trophic structure over depth and percent fine sediment gradients was explained by the distributions of strict niche feeders: (1) macro-omnivores and herbivores dependent on non-detrital food sources were important in shallow areas (<25 m) with coarse sediments (<10% fine sediment), contributing to a unique trophic composition in these areas; and (2) subsurface deposit feeders were the only trophic group to vary significantly in proportional biomass explained by depth and percent fine sediment combined (22%; positive linear response to both factors).
Simultaneous On-chip Surface Plasmon Resonance Measurement of Disease Marker Protein and Small Metabolite Combined with Immuno-and Enzymatic Reactions

We developed a PDMS based device for the simultaneous determination of the urinary diabetes marker, transferrin, and the small metabolite, creatinine, by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method. This SPR urine sensor can detect not only large molecules but also small substances by utilizing an enzymatic reaction. Transferrin and creatinine were detected by monitoring the antigen antibody immunoreaction and the redox state change from Os 2+ to Os 3+ followed by the reduction of hydrogen peroxide converted from creatinine, respectively. The detectable ranges were from 20 ng/mL to 10 ∝g/mL and 10 ∝M to 5 mM for transferrin and creatinine, respectively, and these meet the clinically required levels.
A Graphical Approach to the Development of Deployment Agnostic Systems

The ever expanding number of environments in which computer systems are being used has led to the evolution of numerous development languages, tools and techniques. This paper discusses a predominantly graphical approach to software development that is deployment platform agnostic. The aim is to provide engineers with an approach to development that is general enough to be applied across the multitude of problem domains. By using a purely component based approach, in which target platform specifics are hidden from the language design, it has become possible to build a set of interrelated tools which allow for the development, manipulation and exchange of implementation solutions.
Rapid Processing of 3 D Colour Point Clouds for 3 D Printing

With recent developments in laser scanning technology, and the parallel increase in computer processing power and storage capacity, 3D scanning to produce large point-cloud datasets is becoming an integral part of the modern building design process. And whilst new and efficient software algorithms are also available to process and display such large datasets quickly enough to facilitate interactive design, similar algorithms to allow the physical rendering of point clouds using 3D printing are not so readily available. Many different methods attempt to create a surface mesh from point-clouds, with varying degrees of success. However these approaches require large processing times and do not scale well to the millions of points present in a typical laser scan datasets. Here the authors take a radically different approach to producing a 3D printable model from an unstructured point-cloud. Instead of trying to create a single water-tight mesh, each individual point is converted into a separate voxel consisting of six quadrilateral faces. The width, depth and height of each voxel is carefully chosen in line with sub-sampling density and cloud registration information to result in an overlapping set of cuboids, which can be 3D printed using standard sintering techniques. Removing the computationally intensive requirement for extraction of a single manifold mesh, complex geometries can still be generated very quickly. And whilst not necessarily being useful for solidmodelling, are perfectly suited to 3D printing. This paper outlines in detail the process developed by the authors, and demonstrates its effectiveness on part of a 100GB colour laser scan of a historic building and landscape in the UK, where a stunning colour point-cloud is presented alongside a detailed colour 3D print of the same building. A number of avenues for further refinement of the algorithm are also identified, which are the subject of ongoing research by the authors.
Digital PWM Controller for Multilevel Inverter using FPGA Technique

A single-phase five-level photovoltaic (PV) inverter topology for grid-connected PV systems with a novel pulse width-modulated (PWM) control scheme is proposed. Two reference signals identical to each other with an offset equivalent to the amplitude of the triangular carrier signal were used to generate PWM signals for the switches. The inverter offers much less total harmonic distortion and can operate at near-unity power factor. The proposed system is verified through simulation and the results are compared with that with the conventional single-phase threelevel grid-connected PWM inverter. A six-switch topology inverter with symmetrical Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching technique is used. A low pass filter is incorporated in the circuit to filter out unwanted harmonics and produce a sinusoidal AC current. FPGA is the device which holds the advantages of both, high-speed operation which is feature of the hardware and adaptability which is feature of the software.
Perceptions of the Impact of High-Level-Machine-Intelligence from University Students in Taiwan: The Case for Human Professions, Autonomous Vehicles, and Smart Homes

There is a “timing optimism” that artificial general intelligence will be achieved soon, but some literature has suggested that people have mixed feelings about its overall impact. This study expanded their findings by investigating how Taiwanese university students perceived the overall impact of high-level-machine-intelligence (HLMI) in three areas: a set of 12 human professions, autonomous vehicles, and smart homes. Respondents showed a relatively more positive attitude, with a median answer of “on balance good”, toward HLMI’s development corresponding to those occupations having a higher probability of automation and computerization, and a less positive attitude, with a median of “more or less neutral”, toward professions involving human judgment and social intelligence, and especially creativity, which had a median of “on balance bad”. On the other hand, they presented a highly positive attitude toward the AI application of the smart home, while they demonstrated relatively more reservation toward autonomous vehicles. Gender, area of study, and a computer science background were found as predictors in many cases, whereas traffic benefits, and safety and regulation concerns, among others, were found as the most significant predictors for the overall impact of autonomous vehicles, with comfort and support benefits being the most significant predictor for smart homes. Recommendations for educators, policy makers, and future research were provided.
Modeling planned and unplanned store stops for the scenario based simulation of pedestrian activity in city centers

Micro-scale agent-based modeling can be used for the simulation of pedestrian movement for low and high density scenarios and of the effect of changes in an environment. Such models can also be used for pedestrian dynamics in city centers to show the design effects in the shopping environment. The main contribution of this paper is to introduce the implication of planned and unplanned store visits within a simulation framework for pedestrian movement simulation. This paper reports findings of planned and unplanned store visits by using Monte Carlo simulation. Agent-based modeling is a computational methodology that allows us to create, analyze, and experiment with artificial worlds populated by agents. A specific research area is micro-scale agent-based modeling that can be used for the simulation of pedestrian movement for low and high density scenarios and for the effect of changes in the environment. Such models can also be used for pedestrian dynamics in city centers to show the design effects in the shopping environment. In this context, Ali and Moulin (1) describe their multi-agent simulation prototype of customers' shopping behavior in a mall. Therefore, a multi-agent model to simulate pedestrian dynamic destination, route and scheduling behavior is under development, where the simulation of movement patterns is embedded in a more comprehensive model of activity travel behavior. Representation is a main issue in simulating pedestrian dynamics. One can distinguish the representation of the pedestrian environment and the representation of pedestrians. In the domain of a city center, representation of a pedestrian environment includes the geometry of the shopping environment such as stores and streets, the network as a cellular grid, and pedestrian objects. Pedestrian representation includes socioeconomic characteristics, speed, goals, familiarity with the environment, and activity agenda. It is assumed that pedestrians perceive their environment and that they are supposed to carry out a set of activities. For completing an activity, pedestrians spend time in stores. As a consequence, time duration influences their movement behavior over the network. Although a 3D presentation of pedestrians and the pedestrian environment for the simulation of pedestrian movement is the ultimate goal, it is nevertheless meaningful to test the underlying principles in an appropriate 2D representation of pedestrians and their environment. NetLogo can be used as a simulation toolkit because it is a suitable simulation framework that supports modeling, simulation and experimentation. It also offers skeletons of agents and their environment, and interoperability (e.g., Geographic Information System (GIS)). We will use shape- file information of the environment and network structure for visualizing the 2D environment and NetLogo for the actual simulation.
Title A novel ENU-induced mutation in Myo 6 causes vestibulardysfunction and deafness

Mouse N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis has generated many useful animal models for human diseases. Here we describe the identification of a novel ENU-induced mouse mutant strain Turner (Tur) that displays circling and headtossing behavior and progressive hearing loss. Tur/Tur homozygous animals lack Preyer and righting reflexes and display severe headtossing and reaching response defect. We mapped the Turmutation to a critical region of 11 cM on chromosome 9 that includes myosin VI. Direct sequence analysis revealed a c.820A>T substitution in exon 8 of theMyo6 gene that changes amino acid Asn200 to Ile (p.N200I) in the motor domain. Analysis of inner ear hair cells by immunohistochemistry, scanning electron microscopy and histology revealed degeneration of hair cells in the inner ear and structural malformation of the stereocilia in the cochlea of Turner homozygous mutant mice. Our data indicate that this novel mouse strain provides a useful model for future studies on the function of myosin VI in mammalian auditory and non-auditory systems and in human syndromes.
LabVIEW based induction machines laboratory for engineering education

The Laboratory session in any engineering program particularly in Electrical Engineering is critical as these Labs are designed for students in accordance with theoretical course work. Software based Laboratory experiments have become current day need due to its impacts on flexible learning of students and understanding abilities. This motivation deals with Simulation of Induction Machines Laboratory experiments which are part of Lab work at undergraduate Electrical Engineering level using Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW). The reason behind the selection of LabVIEW software among others is because of its strong graphical interface, user friendly tools and highly understandable approach. After completion of this software based Induction Machines Lab session along with hardware experiments, students will be in better position to attain strong concepts for one of the core Electrical Engineering subject. Moreover, LabView based Induction Machines Lab is economical and user friendly.
Direction of Arrival Estimation with Compact Array Antennas: A Reactance Switching Approach

This chapter presents direction of arrival (DoA) estimation with a compact array antenna using methods based on reactance switching. The compact array is the single-port electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (Espar) antenna. The antenna beam pattern is controlled though parasitic elements loaded with reactances. DoA estimation using an Espar antenna is proposed with the power pattern cross correlation (PPCC), reactance-domain (RD) multiple signal classification (MUSIC), and, RD estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithms. The three methods exploit the reactance diversity provided by an Espar antenna to correlate different antenna output signals measured at different times and for different reactance values. The authors hope that this chapter allows the researchers to appreciate the issues that may be encountered in the implementation of direction-finding application with a single-port compact array like the Espar antenna.
3 ! Safe Food , Fair Food : Participatory Risk Analysis for improving the safety of informally produced and marketed food in sub Saharan Africa

Millions of small-scale farmers efficiently supply the great majority of the meat and milk market in Africa. Surging demand for livestock products (the “livestock revolution”) is an unprecedented opportunity for setting poor farmers on pathways out of poverty, but to gain maximum benefit they must be able to produce safe food of acceptable quality. Currently, most smallholder livestock products are sold in informal markets where conventional regulation and inspection methods have failed and where private or civil sector alternatives have not emerged: as a consequence, most livestock-derived food products contain high levels of hazards. Quantitative risk-based approaches for assessing and managing food safety offer a powerful new method for reducing the enormous health burden imposed by food borne disease, while taking into account other societal goals such as pro-poor growth. However, application to food safety problems in Africa has been limited. We discuss some of the constraints and a new approach which can help overcome these: Participatory Risk Analysis, and give examples of its current application in west, east and south Africa (RASPA, 8 (S) : 3-11). Key – Words: Animal Safety Food Risk analysis Participation Informal. Résumé Aliments sain, Aliments équitables : Analyse participative des risques pour l’amélioration de la sécurité des aliments produits et vendus dans le secteur informel en Afrique sub-saharienne Les millions de petits producteurs offrent efficacement la viande et le lait à la majorité de la population en Afrique. La forte demande en produits animaux (révolution de l’élevage) est non seulement une opportunité sans précédent pour les paysans dans leur processus de sortie de la pauvreté, mais pour maximiser leurs bénéfices, ils devraient être capables de produire des aliments sûrs et d’une qualité acceptable. Aujourd’hui, la plupart des produits vendus dans les marchés informels où les méthodes conventionnelles réglementaires et d’inspection ont échoué et où les alternatives du secteur privé ou civile n’ont pas émergé. Comme conséquence, les denrées d’origine animale contiennent des niveaux élevés de dangers. En prenant en compte les objectifs sociaux émergeant comme le pro-pauvre, l’approche quantitative du risque utilisée dans l’évaluation et la gestion de la sécurité des aliments offre une nouvelle méthode robuste dans la réduction du fardeau des maladies imposées par les pathologies d’origine alimentaire. Pourtant, l’application aux problèmes de la sécurité alimentaire est très limitée en Afrique. Nous discutons de certaines des contraintes et les nouvelles approches : Analyse Participative des Risques qui pourraient aider à juguler ces problèmes et donner des exemples d’applications en Afrique de l’Ouest, Est et Sud. Mots-clés : Animal Sécurité Aliment Analyse de risque Participation Informel Revue Africaine de Santé et de Productions Animales © 2010 E.I. S.M. V. de Dakar RASPA Vol.8 N0S, 2010 ARTICLE DE SYNTHESE
BERT is Not an Interlingua and the Bias of Tokenization

Multilingual transfer learning can benefit both high- and low-resource languages, but the source of these improvements is not well understood. Cananical Correlation Analysis (CCA) of the internal representations of a pre- trained, multilingual BERT model reveals that the model partitions representations for each language rather than using a common, shared, interlingual space. This effect is magnified at deeper layers, suggesting that the model does not progressively abstract semantic con- tent while disregarding languages. Hierarchical clustering based on the CCA similarity scores between languages reveals a tree structure that mirrors the phylogenetic trees hand- designed by linguists. The subword tokenization employed by BERT provides a stronger bias towards such structure than character- and word-level tokenizations. We release a subset of the XNLI dataset translated into an additional 14 languages at https://www.github. com/salesforce/xnli_extension to assist further research into multilingual representations.