Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The utility of ISSR-primers to make difference among populations of parasitoid, Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)

Various molecular techniques are available to make differences and to study the genetic divergences among species and populations, of which the most efficient ones are PCR-based markers. One of these methods, molecular fingerprinting, enables the distinction of closely related populations. ISSR- primers are universal primers that can be used for such studies. The utility of these primers was tested for three populations of Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hym, Aphelinidae), a primary parasitoid of the whiteflies. Of the 60 ISSR primers, that were checked, as many as 64 bands were obtained from 16 primers. The band sizes ranged from above 200 to 1000 bp for different primers. The rate of divergence among the bands was strong enough to make a clear difference among the studied specimens; however the intricacy of using these primers is very much for studying the divergence among several populations. Therefore, sequencing of specific regions of DNA could bring more success to find out divergence among populations of these tiny parasitoids.
Vibrational Behavior of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Based on Donnell Shell Theory Using Wave Propagation Approach

This chapter is concerned with the vibration analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). This analysis is based on the Donnell thin shell theory. The wave propagation approach in standard eigenvalue form has been employed in order to derive the charac- teristic frequency equation describing the natural frequencies of vibration in SWCNTs. The axial modal dependence is measured by the complex exponential functions implicat- ing the axial modal numbers. Vibration frequency spectra are gained and evaluated for physical parameter like length-to-diameter ratios. The dimensionless frequency is also investigated in armchair and zigzag SWCNTs with in-plane rigidity and mass density per unit lateral area for armchair and zigzag SWCNTs. These frequencies of the SWCNTs are computed with the aid of the computer software MATLAB. These results are compared with those obtained using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and the results are somewhat in agreement.
Investigating mesospheric gravity wave dynamics and temperature variability over the Andes

Observations of mesospheric OH(6,2) temperatures by the Utah State University Mesospheric Temperature Mapper located at Cerro Pachon, Chile (30.3°S, 70.7°S) reveal a large range of nightly variations induced by atmospheric gravity waves and tides, as well as strong seasonal oscillations. Comparative studies with other data sets including the satellite-borne SABER instrument show good agreement on nightly, as well as seasonal, temperature measurements.
ANCHORING EFFECTS IN AN EXPERIMENTAL AUCTION

Auctioning goods is a widespread practice, particularly in the agricultural sector. The out-come of auctions can be affected by various factors. One of these factors can be anchoring effects, which describe the influence of present available information on numerical values in human decisions. However, the influence of anchoring effects in auctions carried out offline is largely unknown. For this reason, we analyze anchoring effects of exogenously provided values using an experimental auction with farmers. In total, 48 groups of five farmers each participate in a series of four auctions for envelopes containing a €10 banknote with a 50% probability of occurrence. Our results indicate that anchoring based on exogenously presented values can result either in negative adjustment or no adjustment depending on the auction characteristic. Furthermore, the results show that previous bids affect following bids, which might also be an anchoring effect.
The net power control of hydraulic-electricity energy regenerative suspension

For achieving the control of hydraulic-electricity energy regenerative suspension (HERS), a novel control algorithm, net power control (NPC), is applied in this study. A HERS unit as a new energy reclaiming suspension device is equipped with an energy-harvesting hydraulic-electricity shock absorber (HESA). The composition and classification of HESA damping force were analyzed based on the basic working principle of HESA. Thus, the mathematical model of HESA damping force is deduced as a function of suspension dynamic speed and load current. A series of experiments were made to verify the reliability of the model. Based on the energy flow analysis of the suspension system, the net power flowing into the suspension is calculated. In order to minimize the vibration acceleration of the vehicle body, a novel net power control is proposed. The comparison result indicates the control effect of NPC is more significant than skyhook control, especially in the high excitation frequency. Also, the HERS bench test was carried out to verify the feasibility of NPC. The related results show that the maximum acceleration of the vibration is improved by 34.23 % with NPC on bump pavement excitation. And on B-class random road, the root mean square (RMS) value of the sprung mass vibration acceleration is reduced by 65 %. Furthermore, the influence of suspension dynamic velocity and deflection on the optimal control load current is obtained.
Ecosystem Principles as Tools in Sustainable Economic Developments

With the economic development and population growth, humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and extensively to meet the rapidly growing demand for food, fresh water, shelter, fibres and fuel. This has led to a substantial and largely irreversible loss of the biodiversity on earth. The ecosystem approach is created as a new concept to understand the environmental problems in economic development. Therefore, it is important to develop an ecological sustainable approach to economic development especially in the areas of urbanization, industrialization, agricultural, tourism and river basin development. Despite social, economic and political barriers to proper ecological consideration, it is urgent and imperative for human society to read between the lines of the environment and act fast so as not to destroy the environment upon which his existence depends.
First report of blaIMP-14 on a plasmid harboring multiple drug resistance genes in Escherichia coli ST131

The blaIMP-14 carbapenem resistance gene has largely previously been observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. As part of global surveillance and sequencing of carbapenem-resistant E. coli, we identified an ST131 strain harboring blaIMP-14 within a class 1 integron, itself nested within a ~54kb multi-drug resistance region on an epidemic IncA/C2 plasmid. The emergence of blaIMP-14 in this context in the ST131 lineage is of potential clinical concern.
The ROSAT point spread functions and associates

The ROSAT point spread functions for the in- struments XRT-PSPC, XRT-HRI, (XUV telescope)-WFC in pointing mode as well as the ROSAT survey point spread functions are documented. A series of plots exhibits the point spread function models. Commands dedicated and calibration tables related to point spread functions are explained. The internet addresses for the accompany- ing documentation are given.
Management of Energy in Wireless Sensor Networks with Energy-Starving Sensors

Wireless sensor networks provide wide-scale connectivity to the physical world at a lower cost than that of the wired alternative. The complete exploitation of this technology is prevented by various energy factors, which serves as a major barrier. Nodes are powered by various energy sources such as batteries, super capacitors with a limited lifetime or by harvesting energy from the external environment. This means that this limited energy source should be effectively and judiciously utilized. Efficient management of energy is a vital requirement for the optimal design of a wireless sensor network. Most of the literatures propose various energy management strategies, under the assumption that data acquisition consumes significantly less energy than their transmission. But this assumption does not sound good in a number of practical scenarios, where the power consumption for the sensing activity may be greater than that of radio terminal. So energy management schemes should give criteria for the efficient and effective use of energy in energy-starving sensors. In this paper, we survey various methodologies for the efficient management of energy in Energy -Starving sensors
Cloning and characterization of MHC-DQA1 and MHC-DQA2 molecules from yak ( Bos grunniens )

Abstract. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a crucial role in the processing and presentation of antigens and in discrimination between self and non-self. The aim of this investigation was to scrutinize the structural diversity and possible duplication of the MHC-DQA genes in yak (Bos grunniens). Two cDNA sequences were amplified and designated as Bogr-DQA1 (DQA*0101) and Bogr-DQA2 (DQA*2001) with GenBank accession numbers JQ864314 and JQ864315, respectively. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence alignment between Bogr-DQA1 and Bogr-DQA2 molecules showed that these two identified MHC-DQA gene sequences had more similarity to alleles of specific DQA1 and DQA2 genes from other Ruminantia species than to each other. The result from phylogenic investigation also revealed that there was a larger genetic distance between these two genes than between homologous genes from different species. The presence of different bovine DQA putative motifs and the large genetic distance between Bogr-DQA1 and Bogr-DQA2 suggest that these sequences are non-allelic. Further, these results indicate that DQA gene duplication occurs in ruminants. This study will be helpful in knowing MHC diversity in common ruminants and will deepen our understanding of the variation of immunological functions, evolutionary constraints, and selective forces that affect MHC variation within and between species.
Adapting Linguistic Deception Cues for Malware Detection

Severyn, Stacie Noel. M.S.C.E. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, 2014. Adapting Linguistic Deception Cues for Malware Detection. People verbally express themselves in a variety of ways, yet the same patterns consistently appear within the words of a person who is being deceptive. This research provides insight and demonstrates that similar patterns exist within malicious software that do not commonly exist within benign software, and can be used to help determine that the software is malicious or untrustworthy. The patterns that have been shown to exist within deceptive language were investigated to determine whether similar patterns exist within malware. Tests were performed to determine whether malware is more likely to consistently contain a higher or lower frequency of each instruction, contain unnecessary instructions, lack instructions to match each other, or is more compact and stealthy than benign software. 310 malware files were obtained from VirusShare and 200 viruses were generated by VCL32 (Virus Creation Laboratory) and Mass Code Generator (MPCGEN) to compare against 276 clean Windows 7 application files. The results showed that malware can be differentiated from benign software by searching for patterns within the disassembled code. These patterns will allow stronger protections to be developed and show promise to prevent future systems from being compromised.
Coastal upwelling events in front of the Ivory Coast during the FOCAL program

Parallelement aux observations hauturieres effectuees dans le cadre du programme FOCAL (Francais Ocean Climat de la zone equatoriale AtLantique) en 1983 et 1984, il a ete developpe un programme cotier qui avait pour objet l'etude des refroidissements saisonniers qui affectent les eaux du plateau continental de la Cote d'Ivoire. Les mesures effectuees au-dessus et au large du plateau continental permettent d'affirmer que la variabilite du champ thermique a la cote est etroitement liee a l'intensite et a l'extension en latitude du courant de Guinee. En 1983, les observations montrent que la thermocline est proche de la surface toute l'annee, consequence d'une presence quasi permanente du courant de Guinee sur le plateau, mais surtout au large de ce plateau continental. De janvier a mi-mai 1984, le courant de Guinee est present sur le plateau, mais quasi inexistant au large, surtout en avril-mai, et la thermocline se trouve, par rapport a la situation observee en 1983, a une immersion superieure d'une quinzaine de metres environ; le courant de Guinee, circonscrit uniquement au plateau continental, ne peut donc pas assurer seul un important deplacement vertical ascendant de la thermocline. En ete (1983 et 1984), le courant de Guinee est a nouveau present au large, et la thermocline se retrouve pres de la surface, a la cote. Toutefois, par rapport a la situation observee en automne-hiver, aucun changement important, tant dans l'intensite que dans l'extension meridienne du courant de Guinee, ne permet de justifier la presence d'un minimum mimimorum de temperature de surface a la cote en ete. L'amplification du refroidissement de surface est du a la rotation du vent du secteur sud-ouest au secteur ouest, qui a pour effet d'accroitre la composante de la vitesse du vent dans une direction parallele a la cote et, en aval, d'intensifier l'effet d'Ekman. Le deplacement vertical moyen de la thermocline, a la co
Cellular Automata Calibration Model to Capture Urban Growth

Many regional environmental problems are the consequence of anthropogenic activities involving land cover changes. Temporal land cover data with social aspects are critical in tracing relationships of cause and effect on variables of interest with the effects of context on behaviour, or with the process of human environmental interaction and are also useful for the governance of urbanising cities. Many cities are now rapidly becoming urbanised and undergoing redevelopment for economic purposes with new roads, infrastructure improvements, etc. raising the necessity to understand the dynamics of the urban growth process for the planning of natural resources. Cellular automata (CA), an artificial intelligence technique based on pixels, states, neighbourhoods and transition rules is useful in modelling the urban growth process due to its ability to fit such complex spatial nature, using simple and effective rules. This study develops the calibration of a CA model by taking into account spatial and temporal dynamics of urban growth. The effectiveness of this technique is demonstrated by capturing the growth pattern of Bangalore, a city in India, with historical remote sensing and population data.
Enhancing Trust in the Cryptocurrency Marketplace: A Reputation Scoring Approach

Trust is paramount for the effective operation of any monetary system. While the distributed architecture of blockchain technology on which cryptocurrencies operate has many benefits, the anonymity of users on the blockchain has provided criminal users an opportunity to hide both their identities and illicit activities. In this paper, we present a scoring mechanism for cryptocurrency users where the scores represent users ’ trustworthiness as safe or risky transactors in the cryptocurrency community. In order to distinguish law-abiding users from potential threats in the Bitcoin marketplace, we analyze historical thefts to profile transactions, classify them into risky and non-risky categories using several machine learning techniques, and finally calculate a reputation score for every unique user based on their past association with any unlawful Bitcoin incident. The Support Vector Machine model based on two key attributes produces an accuracy of 86% and is considered the most applicable for our dataset. Our reputation score ranges from 0 to the total number of transactions by a given user where a higher score indicates greater trustworthiness in making Bitcoin transactions. This score helps to identify reputable users and, therefore, acts as a guideline for safe Bitcoin transactions. In the cryptocurrency marketplace, our self-attestation metric in the form of a reputation score offers a foundation for enhancing trust between transacting parties. 10-fold cross-validation which returns 10 stratified randomized folds that are made by preserving the percentage of samples for each feature. We use a Stratified ShuffleSplit cross- validator from Python’s scikit -learn library for this purpose.
Liver tumour classification using average correction higher order local autocorrelation coefficient and legendre moments

The major reasons for liver carcinoma are cirrhosis and hepatitis. In order to identify carcinoma in the liver abdominal CT images are used. From abdominal CT images, segmentation of liver portion using adaptive region growing, tumor segmentation from extracted liver using Simple Linear Iterative Clustering is already implemented. In this paper, classification of tumors as benign or malignant is accomplished using Rough-set classifier based on texture feature extracted using Average Correction Higher Order Local Autocorrelation Coefficients and Legendre moments. Classification accuracy achieved in proposed scheme is 90%. The results obtained are promising and have been compared with existing methods.
SCSM - synchronous composition of sequential machines

The SCSM formalism allows to define event driven synchronous systems by means of expressions formed by sum, product and restriction operators applied to non-deterministic sequential machines. Deterministic expressions are obtained through global product restrictions, which correlate transitions of non-deterministic components with states of other components. SCSM is usefull as denotation domain for synchronous system description languages, especially for models concerning reactive systems. Introduction A reactive system is a system which interacts permanently with its environment. A typical environment consists of many physical objects, thus the structure of a reactive system is expected to be highly parallel in nature. The formal semantics of a general system description language for reactive systems should therefore be based on a model of concurrency like PetriNets, CCS or process algebras. However, highly parallel in nature does not necessairely mean highly disributed. In the real environment of a reactive system one will always find groups of objects which have to be controlled with respect to a common local time. The control of such a local group can usefully be specified by a subsystem consisting of a set of synchronously cooperating processes. The SCSM formalism adresses the formal description of such synchronous subsystems which in the following will be called clusters. A cluster generally represents a sequential subsystem of a distributed reactive system. The parallellism of a cluster's components is expressed through the respective orthogonality of the component's state spaces. An occurring event for a cluster's component leads through generated software events to transitions of other components. The occurring chain reaction is always considered as instantaneous, i.e. a temporal atomic state transition of the cluster. Instantaneous interaction mechanisms are in fact the basic ingredients of several well known synchronous system description languages: ESTEREL[1], LUSTRE[6], SIGNAL[11], STATECHARTS[13]. Many questions related to safety and reliability are much easier to treat in synchronous systems than in concurrent ones. However, the formal semantics of the cited synchronous languages is more complex and difficult to understand than expected from the evident intuitive meaning of particular system descriptions. The seemingly unneccessary complexity of the defined semantic functions is partly a consequence of the adopted traditional way of language development,
Health and Safety Issues and Perceptions of Forest Harvesting Contractors in Ireland

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the extent and severity of accidents and long-term health problems, and to evaluate perceptions of health and safety issues among forest harvesting contractors and sub-contractors in Ireland. A postal questionnaire was distributed to 450 forest harvesting (sub)contractors with the co-operation of the Irish Forestry Contractors Association (IFCA) and Coillte Teoranta (the State Forestry Company, referred to as Coillte). The questionnaire was completed and returned by 61 respondents. The majority of these were chainsaw, harvester and forwarder operators. The occurrence of an accident (requiring medical attention) in the last three years was reported by two respondents, while long-term health problems were reported by 23 (40%) of the respondents. Results showed that long-term health problems were not significantly correlated to age or training level. The two work elements in forest harvesting operations that were found to be most hazardous were operating a chainsaw and machine maintenance. When asked about the perceived dangers in the industry and the obstacles to improvements, 59% of the respondents identified harvesting work as dangerous, while 62% described financial pressure as the main barrier to improvements in safety, followed by the pressure of work (39%) and a lack of adequate training (36%). Suggestions on ways to improve the overall health and safety situation within forest harvesting included improved training and safety education (45%) and reduced work pressure (36%).
CLOGGING CONTROL BY USING CONGESTION FREE ROUTERS

The Internet’s excellent scalability and robustness result in part from the end-to-end nature of Internet congestion control. End-to-end congestion control algorithms alone, however, are unable to prevent the clogging collapse and unfairness created by applications that are unresponsive to network congestion. To address these maladies, we propose and investigate a novel congestion-avoidance mechanism called Congestion Free Router (CFR). CFR entails the exchange of feedback between routers at the borders of a network in order to detect and restrict unresponsive traffic flows before they enter the network, thereby preventing clogging within the network.
A semi-closed-form solution for chloride diffusion in concrete with time-varying parameters

Reinforcement corrosion in concrete is a worldwide problem and billons of dollars are spent each year on repair and replacement of reinforced concrete structures because of corrosion damage of reinforcement. Chloride induced corrosion is the major type of corrosion encountered in reinforced concrete. The corrosion is initiated in reinforcement when chloride diffuses through the concrete cover and the chloride concentration at the reinforcement reaches a critical threshold level. Fick's second law of diffusion is commonly used for one-dimensional chloride diffusion. A closed-form solution based on error function is commonly used to predict the chloride concentrations, if the diffusion coefficient (D) and surface chloride concentration (Cs) remain constant. This solution is not applicable when D and Cs vary with time, which is the case in real-life situations. The finite difference or finite element methods with specialised software are generally used to solve such problems. This paper reviews existing meth.