Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Greyworld White Balancing with Low Computation Cost for On-Board Video Capturing

White balancing is a process commonly used in digital photography to estimate the illuminant and then compensate the color appearance so that the white color appears as white regardless of the variety in the illumination condition when the picture was captured. In this paper, we propose a low computation cost approach to realize white balancing for on-board digital video capturing. The Greyworld approach has been widely adopted and considered as the basis for many automatic white balancing algorithms. When the Greyworld approach is applied to digital videos, each video frame in the sequence is treated independently. The two modules in the approach, namely the multiplier estimation and the frame modification, are repeated on every frame without taking into account the temporal correlation across adjacent frames. In fact, when a segment of a video clip is captured under a fixed lighting condition and if the objects in the scene do not move sufficiently rapidly, the multipliers for different frames often possess strong correlation. Such an observation leads to the following two ideas to reduce the overall computation cost for white balancing on-board videos: 1) Detecting and keeping track of the illuminant change across frames to determine if the multiplier estimation for a new frame is necessary; 2) Instead of using the multipliers to modify one entire frame, a block-based approach is proposed to compare blocks of the current frame with the co-located ones in the previous frame and to perform color modification on selected blocks. Using our proposed approach the computational complexity is reduced while the performance is maintained. As a trade-off we need to maintain the frame buffer as well as the multiplier buffer.
Cross-Metric Compatibility of Altmetrics: Consistency of the Metrics from PlumX and Altmetric.com

Today, researchers are strongly under pressure to prove their contribution to society and quantitive indicators – also in form of altmetrics – are one way to do so. Introduced by Priem (2010), the term altmetrics describes “events on social and mainstream media platforms related to scholarly content or scholars, which can be easily harvested (i.e., through APIs), and are not the same as the more ‘traditional’ concept of citations" (Haustein, Bowman, & Costas, 2015, p. 373). For relying on indicators like tweet counts, Mendeley readers and blog posts, it is essential that these measures fulfill criteria like transparency and robustness (Martin, 2015). In this context, altmetric aggregators play an important role. These providers aim at presenting its users a variety of metrics for publications ranging from classical citation data to usage counts and social media mentions. Regarding transparency and robustness, the consistency of the metrics included by the aggregators plays an important role. Do different aggregators evaluate the same article with the same indicator differently? This question will be the subject of this presentation. It will be investigated which indicators are consistent among the aggregators PlumX and Altmetric.com and which are less consistent. In the case of inconsistency, possible reasons will be analyzed.
Saving with Premeditation: How Poor Households in Bangladesh React to Access to Commitment Savings Accounts °

° The authors are grateful to Britta Augsburg, Xavier Brédart, Bert d’Espallier, Catherine Guirkinger, Niels Hermes, Marek Hudon, Marc Labie, and Ariane Szafarz for helpful discussion. They also thank participants at the 5th European Research Conference on Microfinance (Portsmouth, June 2017) for valuable suggestions and comments. Carolina Laureti thanks Billal Hossain for the much-appreciated support provided during field research in Dhaka, and SafeSave for making its rich data and resources available. She is also grateful to the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of California at Berkeley, for welcoming her during the preparation of the paper, and she gratefully acknowledges the financial support provided by the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (F.R.S.– FNRS).
Recommendable supply air rates for residential housing – A simulation study considering CO2 concentration, relative humidity, TVOC emissions and mould risk

In an extensive simulation study using a multi-zone airflow and contaminant transport calculation software (CONTAM) recommendations for the supply air rates for residential housing were derived as input for the revision of the Austrian standard ÖNORM H 6038 (2014). The floor plan, the occupancy and the contaminant and humidity sources are modelled to represent a typical Austrian housing situation. A humidity buffering model is also implemented. Based on common thresholds for CO2, relative humidity (r.h.) and TVOC the so-called relative threshold deviation is determined. It is used as a combined parameter to evaluate indoor air quality in terms bioeffluents, air humidity and pollutants arising from building and interior products. Additionally the potential mould risk due to high air humidity and low surface temperatures is calculated using the isopleth model. The results suggest a supply air flow into the bedroom of 20 m3/h per person for the chosen reference climate. It represents the best compromise between exceeding the target value of CO2 and avoiding overly dry periods during winter. If low emitting building products are used, TVOC concentrations seem not to play an important role for the definition of the supply air rates. If the floor plan permits, the implementation of the so-called extended cascade ventilation principle is recommendable. It allows a reduction of the relative threshold deviation with an air exchange rate as low as 0.3 h. Prerequisite for the implementation of such low air exchange rates is a high thermal quality of the building envelope. It ensures surface temperatures that exclude potential spore germination. The same applies for the use of ventilation systems with humidity recovery. For typical recovery rates of 60%, an air exchange rate as high as 1.0 h might be required for the same reference apartment to avoid mould problems, in case the building envelope has a temperature coefficient (fRsi value) of 0.5 as frequently observed in existing buildings (thermal bridge). For residential housing, humidity recovery should therefore be limited to locations with very cold and dry winters as observed in mountain regions.
A Comparative Study on Evaluation Methods of Permanent Impairment in Korea

In this study, literature review was done to examine and compare the current status and problems of different evaluation approaches toward permanent impairment in Korea. Alternatives and improvements in the current approaches in Korea were suggested. Series of cases were also examined to compare different approaches applied to the real cases, using 105 cases from a hospital data and another 207 cases from a insurance company data. The main findings of the literature review are as follows; 1. The current evaluation methods of permanent impairment in Korea are grouped into two categories, grading and rating. Gradings of impairments are expressly specified in 17 various statutes. 2. In Grading methods, the rigid system of 74 different grades has been adopted uniformally for the convenience of administration, which may not be, appropriate or valid from medical and scientifical aspect. 3. The adventage of McBride method is assessment of occupational disability rate. However the classified compensable occupations are only 280 and limited to manufacturing industries in 1960s'of U.S.A. , which is not appropriate to current Korean circumstances. Especially, the job list does not include managerial officers or mental workers. 4. AMA Guides is the scientific and reasonable method for the assessment of physical impairment rate. However compensation and reparation of impairment case is difficult because this method cannot assess the disability rate according to occupation, age, etc. The results of cases comparative study are as follows: 5. The physical Impairment could be compared in 167 out of total 312 cases, and for the cases of complex impairment, McBride method underestimate physical impairment rate compared with AM A method. 6. When disability late was assessed, occupation was considered the compensation of only 85 cases, and age was used in only 21 cases. This was because occupation and age compensation in McBride method are unreasonable. 7. The most Ideal alternative is to assess physical impairment according to AMA method and then to develop a compensation method appropriate for the circumstances of Korea society.
Exploring the Purpose of Agricultural Technical Schools in Haiti

Haiti is a country which suffers from food insecurity, therefore, agricultural production and productivity are important to ensure availability of food for the Haitian population. Dissemination of best agricultural practices amongst farmers is crucial, and extension agents bring the scientific discoveries into the rural communities. In Haiti, extension activities are primarily conducted by graduates from agricultural TVETs. However, little is known about the current situation of Haitian TVET within the agricultural system. This study is a basic qualitative research which used constructivism, and backwards design as theoretical framework to explore the purpose of TVET within the Haitian agricultural system. Individual interviews to schools’ directors and teachers, and focus groups conducted with students revealed that respondents thought that TVET helped in students’ social mobility by (a) providing training to disadvantaged youth, (b) helping them get financial independence sooner, (c) provide a path towards higher education, or (d) entrepreneurship; it also allows them to build necessary (e) networking and (f) a reputation for their future. On the other hand, agricultural TVET in Haiti had an important role in improving local communities by (a) ensuring rural development and (b) reducing rural outmigration and poverty. Finally, TVET was also crucial within the agricultural extension system because graduates were responsible for (a) providing technical assistance to farmers, (b) improving production practices, (c) helping protect the environment, and (d) training farmers. Keywords: Haiti; technical school; training
Understanding the causes of widening wage gaps in urban China 1988-2002: evidence from quantile analysis

This paper examines the change in wage gaps in urban China by estimating quantile regressions on CHIPs data. It applies the Machado and Mata (2005) decomposition, finding the initial sharp rise in inequality from 1988 to 1995 was wholly due to changes in the wage structure. Alongside a less equal wage structure, educational expansion and industrial restructuring played some role in the rise of inequality in 1995-1999. The decompositions do less well in explaining the fall in inequality from 1999 to 2002, although the changes the wage structure and composition of the workforce did play some minor role in that. JEL classification: J31; J42; O15; P23
ACCURATE MOTION INTERPOLATION BY USING A REGION BASED MOTION ESTIMATOR

In this paper an e(cid:11)ective motion compensated image interpolation techniques is presented. The proposed algo-rithm has been developed for the interpolation of missing frames in image sequence and it is based on two principal elements. The (cid:12)rst is a region-based motion estimation and representation technique, which combines, for each known image, an approximate initial motion (cid:12)eld estimate and an initial image over-segmentation (obtained using both luminance and chrominance information) to produce a very accurate a(cid:14)ne-model regularized motion (cid:12)eld. The proposed algorithm uses a robust identi(cid:12)cation technique for the estimation of the motion parameters associated to each region. The second important element is the use of an interpolation technique, that starting from the available motion information, de-(cid:12)nes, for each point of the image to be interpolated a suitable reconstruction strategy taking into account for di(cid:11)erent situation that can appear (for example a moving object can occlude either a stationary background or an another object and so on). The principal aim of the proposed algorithm is the reconstruction of the missing frames in a reasonable way, without introducing significant artifacts and assuring the pleasant representation of object displacement.
Expander graphs and where to find them

Graphs are mathematical objects composed of a collection of “dots” called vertices, some of which are joined by lines called edges. Graphs are ideal for visually representing relations between things, and mathematical properties of graphs can provide an insight into real-life phenomena. One interesting property is how connected a graph is, in the sense of how easy it is to move between the vertices along the edges. The topic dealt with here is the construction of particularly well-connected graphs, and whether or not such graphs can happily exist in worlds similar to ours.
Learning Latent Student Design Decisions in Python Programming Classes

Solutions can be thought of as a collection of design decisions along the various dimensions of solution variation. Some design decisions are mutually exclusive, e.g. looping over a particular array with a for or a while, some decisions are correlated with one another, and some decisions are completely independent. Each new solution submitted by a student may introduce a novel design decision into the collection. Every possible combination of design decisions (that arent mutually exclusive) may be observed as new student solutions are submitted.
The role of finance in environmental protection: A report on regulators’ perspective

In international contexts, a key role has been assigned to sustainable finance for the achievement of climate change mitigation objectives. In the context of environmental finance, this contribution focuses on the tool of green bonds, framing the regulators’ perspective and the principles of (self) regulation that describe the process of issuing, evaluating and reporting for the transparency and efficiency of the financial market. The previous studies, in fact, neglected the theme of the rules despite the numerous interventions of the institutions in this field and despite the fact that the theory of market efficiency underlines the crucial role of the rules for the protection of investors and the transparency of the market. In particular, knowing the regulatory framework makes possible to highlight the system of incentives and protections for issuers and investors in the segment of listing and trading of securities. From our analysis, it emerged that the current voluntary regulatory system is still far from ensuring an adequate level of transparency to investors. However, the report published by the EU Commission, containing the proposal to introduce common criteria for the issuance of green bonds in Europe, seems to promote greater protection for the underwriters, leaving more room for the development of green investments. The present study concerns a preliminary analysis, necessary for subsequent investigations aimed at evaluating the convenience of green bonds compared to other segments of bonds listed on the European market.
A Longitudinal Evaluation of a Deployed Predictive Model of Fire Risk

As machine learning systems become increasingly deployed to augment civic decision-making and inform public policy, it is critical that we evaluate the stability and robustness of their performance. In this paper, we evaluate a predictive model of ﬁre risk deployed in a mid-sized American city to inform the prioritization of commercial property ﬁre inspections. We describe here our evaluations of the model’s performance over the 7 months since its deployment, including analyses of the stability of the risk scores assigned to properties and the calibration of the model’s performance for commercial properties in urban areas above and below the poverty line. Given the high-stakes involved as machine learning systems are deployed in civic life, regular, transparent evaluations such as these are essential in informing citizens and stakeholders of the efﬁcacy of predictive models.
Analysis of the ichnogenus Herradurichnus in quartzites of the Balcarce Formation (lower Silurian) from the Tandilia System of Argentina

Herradurichnus Poiré & del Valle, 1996 from the Balcarce Formation (lower Paleozoic of the Tandilia System, Argentina) is an enigmatic ichnogenus previously considered as problematic. In this paper, Herradurichnus is revised and key material from collections is redescribed together with other specimens documented in situ from outcrops and quarries. The diagnosis is emended to include its morphological variability. The revised Herradurichnus includes negative, epichnial, U-shaped, V-shaped and parabolic depressions. The specimens are horizontal, subhorizontal or oblique with respect to the bedding plane, and are recorded in fine-grained to very coarse-grained sandstones. Other characteristics are also described in detail. The holotype of Herradurichnus scagliai (Borrello, 1967) has been recovered. Material previously included in Crescentichnus Romano & Whyte, 2015 is now reassigned to Herradurichnus. Xiphosurans and trilobites are disregarded as possible tracemakers of Herradurichnus. The producers were able to construct structures oriented with the convex side of the arch in an opposite sense to the main paleocurrents. This ichnogenus is now reappraised and found to range from the Cambrian to the lower Silurian of Gondwana. RIASSUNTO [Analisi dell’icnogenere Herradurichnus nelle quarziti della Formazione Balcarce (Siluriano inferiore) dal Tandilia System dell’Argentina] Herradurichnus Poiré & del Valle, 1996 proveniente dalla Formazione Balcarce (Paleozoico inferiore) del Tandilia System dell’Argentina è un icnogenere enigmatico. In questo lavoro l’icnogenere Herradurichnus viene revisionato ed il materiale conservato nelle collezioni viene ridescritto assieme ad esemplari in situ provenienti da affioramenti e cave. La diagnosi è stata emendata per includere l’intera variabilità dell’icnogenere e Herradurichnus comprende ora depressioni negative, epichniali, a forma di U, a forma di V e paraboliche. Gli esemplari possono essere orizzontali, suborizzontali oppure obliqui rispetto alla stratificazione e si rinvengono in arenarie da fini a molto grossolane. Altri caratteri sono descritti dettagliatamente in questo articolo. L’olotipo di Herradurichnus scagliai (Borrello, 1967) è stato recuperato in una collezione, ed il materiale precedentemente incluso in Crescentichnus Romano & Whyte, 2015 è ora attribuito a Herradurichnus. Si escludono xiphosuri e trilobiti come produttori di Herradurichnus. Gli autori delle tracce costruivano le strutture con il lato convesso dell’arco orientato nel senso opposto alla direzione della corrente. La distribuzione dell’icnogenere è stata riconsiderata, e abbraccia ora l’intervallo dal Cambriano al Siluriano inferiore del Gondwana.
A Superconducting Ring Cyclotron to Search for CP Violation in the Neutrino Sector

Multi Megawatt accelerators are today requested for different use. In particular the experiment DAEδALUS, recently proposed by MIT scientist to search for CP violation in the neutrino sector, needs three accelerators with energy of about 800 MeVand average power of some MW and duty cycle of 20%. To reduce the cost of the accelerators a cyclotron complex consisting of an injector and of a booster ring cyclotron has been proposed. The booster Superconducting Ring Cyclotron, able to accelerate H2 + molecule beam up to 800 MeV/amu and average power of 2 MW, is described. Although the average power is 2 MW, due to the duty cycle, the peak power will be 10 MW. The main advantages to accelerate H2 + are the reduction of space charge effects, the simple extraction process by stripper, the extraction of two beams at the same time from each booster cyclotron, which increase the beam life of the strippers. The main features of the magnetic sector, of the superconducting coils and the magnetic forces are evaluated with the code TOSCA. A solution to balance the high forces involved is presented. The state-of-art of the study of RF cavities, extraction system and beam dynamics are presented, too.
CLUSTERING MICROTREMOR DATA WITH FUZZY GUSTAFSON KESSEL ALGORITHM

The analysis of local seismic Hazard through the identification of zones with seismically homogeneous behavior is named seismic microzonation. It identifies and characterizes stable zones prone to local amplification of seismic motion and zones prone to seismic hazards. Seismic microzonation represents a highly useful tool for seismic prevention and risk assessment in land management, for the design of buildings or structures and for emergency planning. It provides a knowledge base of local seismic hazards in different zones and permits the establishment of hazard hierarchies that may be used to plan seismic risk mitigation measures at various scales. A ground motion prediction is an important key to assess and mitigate the earthquake hazard. There are some factors by which level of strong ground motion is controlled. For this purpose, methods for characterizing site effects is required. It is also required for the study of soil behaviors during strong ground shaking. As it has been noticed from many past earthquakes, the major damage to property and manmade structures is mostly found in the region of soft sediments. First of all, it is better to have extensive acquaintance with the area zone. Central Asia is a region with high probability of large earthquakes, mainly due to the Asia-India continental collision where the northward-moving Indian plate collides the Eurasian plate (see e.g., Molnar and Tapponnier, 1975).
Human activity recognition using deep learning approaches

Human activity recognition using video data has been an active research area in computer vision for many years. This research presents an architecture that employs deep learning techniques to effectively solve human activity recognition of single individuals using visual information from videos. The architecture adopts an Octave Convolutional neural network as a feature extractor and a weighting strategy that regresses the importance of each video segment. This architecture was trained and evaluated on the KTH human activity dataset. The results are promising and validates the approach taken.
Generate the concept representation using OMOP ontology graph

The OMOP Common Data Model (CDM) allows for the transformation of various medical data types into a common data format and for the sharing of source algorithms and analysis pipelines. Many of these analysis pipelines are related to observational studies, but more recently, newly developed machine learning algorithms such as deep neural networks have been applied to the OMOP CDM. The goal of this study is to generate a robust distributed representation for any concept defined in OMOP CDM and allow this representation to be used as an input for the deep learning tasks based on the OMOP CDM. We applied the node2vec algorithm to learn distributed representations of concepts based on the graph structure as defined in the concept_relationship table in the OMOP CDM. We then evaluated the learned representation using three different metrics: phenotype concept-set, ontology distance, and lexical similarity. For a given pair of concepts, cosine similarity of their learned representations are higher if they are from a defined concept-set, close to each other in the ontology graph, or share a similar string.