Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Bathymetry-Locked Residual Eddies in Well-Mixed Tidal Channels with Arbitrary Depth Variations

Abstract The concept of the in–out-type exchange flow in estuaries only applies to situations with significant freshwater discharge and/or elongated channels with relatively simple variations in depth and coastline along the channel. In waterways with complex bottom topography, the in–out-type exchange flows may be replaced by residual eddies that are locked to bathymetry. This paper develops an analytic model for such tidally induced residual eddies. The model allows arbitrary depth variations in both along- and across-channel directions. The model produces residual eddies locked to bathymetry features, similar to observations in Wassaw Sound using a ship-mounted ADCP. Analysis indicates that for problems in a “short” channel with standing wave characteristics, the residual circulation is significantly influenced by advection. The frictional effect, however, is dominant and the wave propagation effect cannot be uniformly neglected (i.e., it sometimes can still compete or reinforce the effect of advection.
Self-Disclosure and SNS Addiction in South Asian Youth: An Empirical Study of Pakistan

Social networking sites (SNS) provide an open platform for communication and interaction and socialization. But the main idea behind this article was to assess the impact of whether SNS addiction effects online self- disclosure or not moreover its mediation impact. The main idea of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of habit, psychological well-being, psychological dependence and perceived ease of use between SNS and self-disclosure. Specifically, this research proposes a model to examine how the effect of SNS usage mediates self-disclosure through psychological conditions. Data was collected online using the Google documents application, from university students in Pakistan. In total 338 entries were analyzed and reported, for analysis SPSS version 21 was used. Results show that Pakistani youth tend to have higher self-disclosure online due to habit, perceived ease of use and while sharing online makes them feel better as the mediator of psychological well-being also reported a positive mediating effect.
Population dynamics of five sigmodontine rodents of northwestern Patagonia

Population dynamics of five rodent species were studied, from March 1991 to August 1994, in an area located in the ecotonal steppe of northwestern Patagonia, Argentina (at about 40°S). Seasonal and annual fluctuactions in population numbers were found in all sigmodontine species. The reproductive period, sex ratio and longevity of the five species were also studied.
NEUTRON DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS OF 'BLACK BOXES'

The Ancient Charm project addresses several aspects of neutron analyses of archaeological materials, with the specific aim to developing neutron activation and neutron diffraction into imaging methods. One of the central techniques is element determination by Neutron Resonant Capture Analysis (NRCA), besides the more established Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA). Neutron diffraction is another technique employed in this project, for mapping the spatial distribution of crystallographic phases in a sample. Ancient Charm provides the prospect of combining several of these analytical neutron methods with neutron radiography in order to obtain a comprehensive characterisation of the interior of an artefact. This paper reports on neutron diffraction results on 17 of so-called ‘Black Boxes’, closed cubes containing geometrical arrangements of materials such as metals, minerals, ceramics, and organic matter. The measurements were carried out at the pulse neutron source ISIS at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the United Kingdom. The aim of this ‘Black Box’ study was to identify strengths and weaknesses of neutron diffraction for analysing archaeological objects and to develop a best practice for a combined use of analysis methods for different combinations of materials. Kivonat Az Ancient Charm program kereteben a regeszeti leletanyag neutronfizikai alapokon tortenő vizsgalatanak szamos lehetőseget probaljuk ki, a neutron analitikai vizsgalatok (aktivacios analizis, diffrakcio) kepalkotasi lehetősegeinek gyakorlati kifejlesztesere. Az egyik legfontosabb technika a Neutron Rezonancia Befogasi Vizsgalat (NRCA), a masik, mar jobban kidolgozott eljaras a Prompt Gamma Aktivacios Vizsgalat (PGAA). A neutron diffrakcio olyan eljaras, amelyet a projekt kereteben arra alkalmazunk hogy felterkepezzuk a minta belsejeben kijelolt teruletek fazisosszetetelet. Az Ancient Charm program lehetőseget ad tobbfele neutron alapu analitikai modszer egyuttes alkalmazasara, neutron radiografiaval kiegeszitve, hogy a műtargy belsejenek osszeteteleről reszletes ismereteket szerezhessunk. Ebben a cikkben 17 kiserleti probatest, un. ‘fekete doboz’ neutron diffrakcios vizsgalatarol szamolunk be. A zart probatestekben kulonfele femeket, asvanyokat, keramiat es szerves anyagot helyeztek el, szimulalva geometriailag kontrollalt korulmenyek kozott a tenyleges regeszeti leletekben előfordulo vegyes osszetetelű targyakat. A vizsgalatokat a Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (NagyBritannia) ISIS nevű neutron forrasanal vizsgaltuk. A ‘fekete dobozok’ vizsgalatanak celja az volt, hegy megismerjuk a neutron diffrakcios vizsgalatok lehetősegeit, előnyeit es hatranyait, regeszeti targyak vizsgalatara es kifejlesszunk egy eredmenyes modszertant a kulonboző vizsgalatok egyuttes alkalmazasara.
Examining the Challenges of Teaching for Social Justice in Sarajevo

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"It Depends How You're Saying It": The Complexities of Everyday Racism

While racism is widely recognised as a complex social phenomenon, the basis for defining and identifying everyday racism from a lay perspective is not well understood. This exploration of factors used to frame everyday racism draws on seven cognitive interviews and four focus groups conducted in November 2010 and January 2011 with Australian adults predominantly from Anglo ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The study reveals lay theorising centring on tropes of intentionality, effect of speech, relationality and acceptability. Participants were more likely to think of racism as having negative, overtly offensive and emotional connotations. Racialised speech that was not considered to be blatantly racist was more contested, with participants engaging in complex theorising to determine whether or not such speech constituted racism. The study also highlights the potential of qualitative research to inform survey development as an unobtrusive method for in-depth participant reflection. The ambiguous nature of everyday racism demonstrated in this paper indicates a need to foster more nuanced lay understandings of racism that encompass the subtle, rational and complementary expressions that can be situated within institutions and society.
Diagnosing Water Mass Formation from Air–Sea Fluxes and Surface Mixing

Abstract The formation rate of water masses and its relation to air–sea fluxes and interior mixing are examined in an isopycnic model of the North (and tropical) Atlantic that includes a mixed layer. The diagnostics follow Walin’s formulation, linking volume and potential density budgets for an isopycnal layer. The authors consider the balance between water mass production, mixing, and air–sea fluxes in the model in the context of two limit cases: (i) with no mixing, where air–sea fluxes drive water mass formation directly, and (ii) a steady state in a closed basin, where air–sea fluxes are balanced by diffusion. In such a steady state, since mixing always acts to reduce density contrast, surface forcing must act to increase it. Considered over the whole basin, including the Tropics, the model is in steady state apart from the densest layers. Most of the mixing is achieved by diapycnal diffusion in the strong density gradients within upwelling regions in the Tropics, and by entrainment into the tropical m.
A 3D Fluid Dynamic Rendering For Real-Time Surgical Cutting Simulation

In this paper, we introduce a 3D fluid dynamics solver for real-time rendering in virtual environment. We approach the solution of differential equations based on the constrained interpolation propagation (CIP) technique on a GPU. Since the CIP combine the solution for fluid equations and their interactions with the environment together, the Navier-Stokes equation can be solved efficiently. Furthermore, to achieve high performance results for real time rendering without involving a supercomputer, we take advantages of the parallelism and programmability on the GPU. The rendering is performed on pixels that can be considered to be a grid of cells; thus, processing on multiple vertices and pixels can be done simultaneously in parallel. This strategy is effective enough to render fluid dynamic model for real-time virtual cutting in 3D computer generated object. Experimental results demonstrate that the rendering of skin cutting followed by blood flowing over the anatomical surface run smoothly in a real-time for virtual reality interaction. Keywords: Cutting simulation, fluid dynamic, real time rendering, virtual surgery.
COUNTABLY NEAR PS-COMPACTNESS IN L-TOPOLOGICAL SPACES

In this paper, the concept of countably near PS-compactness inL-topological spaces is introduced, where L is a completely distributive latticewith an order-reversing involution. Countably near PS-compactness is definedfor arbitrary L-subsets and some of its fundamental properties are studied.
ENERGY OF POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY FUNCTION AND WAVELET ANALYSIS OF ABSOLUTE PRESSURE FLUCTUATION MEASUREMENTS IN FLUIDIZED BEDS

The standard deviation of pressure fluctuations is always as a benchmark to characterize fluidized bed, especially in identifying the transition velocities and flow regimes. In this study, the energy of power spectral density function (PSDF) was proved to be a new alternative tool to effectively analyse the pressure fluctuations. Also, the wavelet analysis was significant to deal with the signals in multi-resolution decomposition and in identification of transition velocities and flow regimes. The results from the normalized energy of PSDF and wavelet analysis are in good agreement with the standard deviation analysis.
The Effects of Expertise and Information Location on Change Blindness Detection within an Aviation Domain

Change blindness is a phenomenon where the viewer fails to detect change in an object or scene during a visual disturbance. During a flight, a pilot samples multiple displays for information about the task at hand. It is imperative that the changes in the displays are being correctly viewed by pilots to ensure a safe flight. However, it is unknown how much change blindness affects pilots or if pilot expertise plays a role in change detection. A change blindness experiment was performed with twenty four participants divided into two groups based on expertise. Expert pilots were defined as instructor pilots with an average of 952 flight hours and novice pilots were student pilots with an average of 80 flight hours. There were a total of 24 images that were presented to participants during a flicker paradigm that was used to induce change blindness and assess change detection within cockpit instruments by the pilots. Images were static depictions of the primary cockpit displays. Results showed that there were no significant differences between expert pilots and novice pilots when detecting change in displays. The results did show that there was significant difference in location display. It was found that the ADI was the most commonly viewed display with other instruments slower in terms of detection. No difference was found for accuracy in all cases. Results indicate that future research is still needed in change blindness and aviation domain.
Impact of Personal Branding on Career Development in Pakistan

Impression Management (IM) is well demarcated procedure through which individuals try to power the descriptions and opinions, which people perceive about them. Individuals ought to be thoughtful and vigilant in using IM schemes as it also involves the danger possibility that this would be observed destructively, on behalf of each anticipated appearance there is parallel unwanted appearance at stake. Impression management is an individualistic approach. Everyone has opportunity to be a trademark, if Impression management applied correctly can transform any individual into success in any field. The behavior of Impression management must not merely be understood as un-functional inside corporate world settings, this could too attain organizational objectives.The study was carried out through survey instrument, which was developed around five IM tactics. An analysis of about 189 professionals serving in different public and private universities locating in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The gathered data was analyzed using descriptive and correlation analyses which revealed interesting trends related with impression management, career development and glass ceiling. The insights developed through this study are useful to many stakeholders in the local context, including professionals especially for women and minorities Keywords: Career Development, impression management/personal branding, glass ceiling, self-promotion, ingratiation, exemplification, supplication. Intimidation
Identification of volatile compounds released by myxobacteria Sorangium cellulosum AHB103-1

Secondary metabolite ethyl acetate extract (EAME) produced by Sorangium cellulosum AHB103-1 had good antitumor bioactivity. The results of MTT assay showed that IC50 value of EAME on human liver cancer cell line (HepG2), mouse melanoma cell line (B16), human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB231) and human gastric cancer cells (SGC7901) were 5.29, 1.43, 8.77, 6.21 µg/ml respectively. Moreover, the IC50 value of EAME on normal mouse spleen cell was 278.87 µg/ml. After treatment with the EAME, significant changes in morphology of HepG2 cells were observed, such as disappearance of microvilli and formation of apoptotic bodies, etc. The volatile compounds released by S. cellulosum AHB103-1 were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The ratio of various volatiles at the end of fermentation (7 days) was listed as follows: esters 11.41%, alcohols 13.40%, ketones 16.36%, fatty acids 29.60%, aroma compounds 9.0% and miscellaneous ring compounds 20.22%. The formation of some volatile compounds including isoamyl acetate, acetic acid, benzaldehyde, 4-(benzoyloxy)-2H-pyran-3one, 1-methyl-indan, methyl-pyrazine, geranylacetone and n-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide was related to anti-tumor substances. Acetic acid and 4-(benzoyloxy)-2H-pyran-3-one were the most important among the above compounds because of relatively higher content. The change of their content could be used as an indicator of fermentation control.
Narratives of progress: Zimbabwean historiography and the end of history

This brief commentary takes its inspiration from the opening address delivered by John Hoffman, and printed in these pages; that is, progress is usefully understood as a contradictory, contested and ambiguous process. But rather than attempt a comprehensive survey of the past 40 or so years of academic analyses of Zimbabwe's pasts, what follows has as its focus the emergence of ‘patriotic history’ and particularly its nationalist antecedents. These are critically examined. Although not concerned with the generality of recent studies that are neither nationalist nor materialist in orientation, this paper sketches in outline the rise, fall and rise of radical accounts. It ends by suggesting how such analyses might be taken forward.
Proximity to multiple foraging habitats enhances seabirds' resilience to local food shortages

As central-place foragers, seabirds from colonies located close to multiple and/or productive marine habitats might experience increased foraging opportunities and enhanced resilience to food shortages. We tested whether this hypothesis might explain divergent trends in 3 populations of black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla, a surface-feeding piscivore, in the east- ern Bering Sea. We simultaneously studied the foraging behavior, diet, nutritional stress, and breeding performance of chick-rearing kittiwakes from 2 continental shelf colonies (St. Paul and St. George) and an oceanic colony (Bogoslof). Although shelf-based forage fishes were rare or absent in bird diets during the cold study year, not all kittiwakes from the 3 colonies concentrated foraging along the productive shelf break habitats. Compared to the oceanic colony, birds from both shelf-located colonies had lower chick provisioning rates, higher levels of nutritional stress, and lower breeding performance. Although birds from both shelf-based colonies foraged in nearby neritic habitats during daytime, birds from St. George, a stable population located closest to the continental shelf break, also conducted long overnight trips to the ocean basin to feed on lipid-rich myctophids. In contrast, birds from St. Paul, a declining population located farthest from shelf break/oceanic habitats, fed exclusively over the shelf and obtained less high-energy food. Birds from Bogoslof, an increasing population, foraged mainly on myctophids close to the colony in the oceanic basin and Aleutian coast habitats. Our study suggests that proximity to multiple foraging habitats may explain divergent population trends among colonies of kittiwakes in the southeastern Bering Sea.
IS JUMPING AND LANDING TECHNIQUE SYMMETRICAL IN FEMALE GYMNASTS

The effect of eccentric load (drop height) on lower extremity neuromuscular function and performance was examined in young healthy female gymnasts. Each gymnast (level 4 – 6, n = 15) performed five drop landings and five rebound jumps whilst barefoot from three heights (30, 60, 90 cm) onto two AMTI force platforms (1000 Hz) covered with 6 cm thick carpeted gymnastics mats. Force-time measurements were exported into custom-written software to obtain key measures such as peak force (BW), loading rate (BW/s), and takeoff power (Watts/kg). Significant asymmetry was identified in the jumping and landing performance of the gymnasts, however the level of asymmetry observed was not influenced by eccentric load. In conclusion, coaches should aim to achieve safer landing strategies by developing ambidextrous movement in young gymnasts.
The epidemiology of comorbid depressive and conduct disorders in early adolescence

The epidemiology of comorbid depressive and conduct disorders in early adolescence Sarah Elizabeth Charlesworth Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Ann Vander Stoep Epidemiology Background: Youth with both depressive disorders (DD) and conduct disorders (CD) have more impairment and worse outcomes than those with either type of psychopathology alone, yet the literature on population burden, descriptive epidemiology and unique risk factors for this form of psychiatric comorbidity is scarce. Methods: Using diagnostic interview data on 521 public middle school students collected annually in 6 th -8 th grade we estimated the period prevalence of comorbid and non-comorbid DD and CD during early adolescence and examined the sociodemographic profiles of young adolescents (YAs) in each outcome group. We tested for associations between lifetime history of stressful life events (SLEs) and psychiatric diagnosis outcome group using multinomial logistic regression. Results: One-third of YAs manifested one or both types of disorder over the course of middle school and one in ten experienced both. Comorbid DD/CD occurred disproportionately among YAs from racial and ethnic minority groups and single-parent households. Comorbid YAs were 3.49 (95% CI: 1.69-7.23) times as likely to have accrued 5 or more SLEs prior to middle school compared to those with neither disorder during middle school, 2.95 (95% CI: 1.06-8.20) times as likely compared to those with a DD alone and 2.89 (95% CI: 1.21-6.89) times as likely compared to those with a CD alone. Conclusions: Traditional approaches underestimate the burden of comorbidity during early adolescence. Future research should seek to elucidate the mechanism whereby a high burden of childhood SLEs increases the risk of early-adolescent comorbidity, so as to inform intervention strategies.
Experimental comparison of 2-satisfiability algorithms Revue française d ’ automatique , d ’ informatique

— We report on the results of an expérimental study in which we have compared the performance of four algorithms f or 2-SATISFIABILITY on 400 randomly generated test problems with up to 2000 variables and 8000 clauses {half of these problems were known a priori to be satisfïable). The four algorithms are: (1) the "sériai" Guess and Deduce algorithm by Deming; (2) the "parallel" or "dovetailing" Guess and Deduce algorithm by Even, Itai, and Shamir; (3) our Switching algorithm; (4) the Strong Components algorithm by Aspvall, Plass, and Tarjan. When the test problems are sampled from a uniform distribution, we have observed the following phenomenon: all the strong components of the implication graph are singletons, except for one (in the unsatisfïable case) or two (in the satisfïable case) "megacomponents". In order to eliminate these and other related anomalies, we have built another instance generator which gives rise to strong components with binomially distributed sizes. An interesting outcome of our experiments is that, under both probability models, the sériai Guess and Deduce algorithm turns out to be the fastest one, in spite of its nonlinear worst-case complexity; whereas the Strong Components algorithm, whose worst-case complexity is linear, turns out to be the slowest one.
Formation of intermediate-mass black holes through runaway collisions in the first star clusters

We study the formation of massive black holes in the first star clusters. We first locate star-forming gas clouds in proto-galactic haloes of $\gtrsim \! 10^7\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$ in cosmological hydrodynamics simulations and use them to generate the initial conditions for star clusters with masses of $\sim \! 10^5\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$. We then perform a series of direct-tree hybrid $N$-body simulations to follow runaway stellar collisions in the dense star clusters. In all the cluster models except one, runaway collisions occur within a few million years, and the mass of the central, most massive star reaches $\sim \! 400-1900\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$. Such very massive stars collapse to leave intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). The diversity of the final masses may be attributed to the differences in a few basic properties of the host haloes such as mass, central gas velocity dispersion, and mean gas density of the central core. Finally, we derive the IMBH mass to cluster mass ratios, and compare them with the observed black hole to bulge mass ratios in the present-day Universe.