Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of adding humate to the ration of dairy cows on yield performance

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different levels of humate addition to colostrum quality, milk composition, somatic cell count, some blood metabolites and reproductive performance in the period from prepartum 40 to postpartum 60 day. In this study, dairy cows from prepartum 40 to postpartum 60 day were given humate additive which was according to dosed on dry matter consumption basis from (75 g, 150 g). In the study, 26 Swiss Brown cows in the same care and feeding conditions were used in the second lactation. The feeds were weighed to determine the dry matter intake of the individual cows daily. Blood was collected from the vena jugularis at 40, 30, 20 and 10 days before the estimated date of birth, at calving (day 0) and on days 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 after birth. Colostrum and milk samples were taken in the study. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the use of humate additives has no effect on body condition score, body weight, in milk non-fat milk solid, density, protein, lactose, freezing point, somatic cell count, in blood triglicerides, phosphorus, magnesium, albumin, glucose, blood urea nitrogen. It was found that with the addition of humate additive to the feed, colostrum specific gravity increased, prepartum and postpartum dry matter intake increased, milk yield and the fat percentage increased, serum non-esterified fatty acid and blood beta-hydroxybutyric acid levels decreased, and postpartum serum calcium level increased. It was concluded that 75 g of humate, which is determined based on dry matter consumption, can be added to the rations of the dairy cows at this dose and has positive effects on colostrum quality, milk yield, milk fat ratio, and negative energy balance.
Radio Channel Scattering in a 28 GHz Small Cell at a Bus Stop: Characterization and Modelling

The 28 GHz band is one of the available bands in Frequency Range 2 (FR2), above 6 GHz, for fifth generation (5G) communications. The propagation characteristics at this frequency band, together with the bandwidth requirements of 5G communications, make it suitable for ultra-dense smart cell networks. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a radio channel in the presence of moving, scattering sources for a small cell at 28 GHz, located at a bus stop. To do so, measurements of the channel complex impulse response with a sweep time delay cross-correlation sounder were made and then used to examine the distribution of multipath components. Besides analyzing the delay spread caused by the channel, we also evaluate the impact on the Doppler spectrum (DS) caused by the vehicles passing near the bus stop. We show that delay components are grouped in clusters exhibiting exponential decay power. We also show that the DS varies with time as vehicles pass by, so the channel cannot be considered stationary. We propose an empirical DS model, where the model parameter should change with time to describe the non-stationary nature of the radio channel. We have also found that the DS with maximum spread is similar for channel contributions in different delay clusters.
Alanomyces , a new genus of Aplosporellaceae based on four loci phylogeny

The Botryosphaeriales is a cosmopolitan fungal order and genera belonging to it are common opportunistic pathogens which mostly infect woody plants. They cause fruit rot, dieback, trunk rot, canker and similar diseases killing trees of natural forests, plantations and fruit trees. Relatively recently, some new families (including family Aplosporellaceae ) had been established within this order delineating from family Botryosphaeriaceae . In the present study, two strains (MMI00067 and MMI00068) were isolated from soil attached to the base of a macrofungal stipe collected from the forest of Anuppur (Amarkantak), Madhya Pradesh, India. Strains were identified by DNA sequence data of four loci viz., internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA, large subunit rDNA (LSU), translation elongation factor ( tef ) and partial β-tubulin ( βtub ). Based on the phylogenetic analysis, a new fungal genus Alanomyces is proposed and is positioned within Aplosporellaceae along with Aplosporella . It is characterized by fast growing, dark greenish-black colony, long neck-like multilocular-papillate, black pycnidia with separate ostiole and small <10 µm in length, cylindrical, hyaline, guttulate spermatia. The genus Alanomyces is phylogenetically distinct from its close relative Aplosporella and proposed herein as a new monotypic genus with A. indica as type species.
Midge‐stabilized sediment drives the composition of benthic cladoceran communities in Lake Mývatn, Iceland

The importance of environmental disturbances as drivers of ecological communities depends not only on the magnitude of the disturbance, but also on the disturbance-specific sensitivity of the community. Organisms that alter the physical structure of their surroundings can affect the sensitivity of their habitat to environmental disturbance, and may alter the potential for disturbance to shape ecological communities. Such organisms therefore act as ecosystem engineers by indirectly modifying the resources available to other species. The benthos of shallow, eutrophic Lake Mývatn, Iceland, is frequently disturbed by wind events that lead to sediment resuspension. The impact of wind, however, depends on the abundance of midges (Chironomidae) whose larval tubes bind sediment and reduce wind-driven resuspension. Here, we investigate the long-term effect of fluctuations in midge abundance on the benthic cladoceran community using two lake sediment cores representing 30 and 140 years of deposition. In both cores, midge remains show a significant positive correlation with abundance of a large benthic surface-dwelling cladoceran, Eurycercus lamellatus, relative to the abundance of a small within-sediment-dwelling cladoceran, Alona rectangula. To experimentally investigate whether this shift could have been caused by midges acting as ecosystem engineers, we subjected cladoceran communities to sediment resuspension events within mesocosms. We found a significant decrease in abundance of the large epibenthic E. lamellatus relative to the abundance of small infaunal Alona spp. when subjected to disturbance. These findings show that physical alteration of benthic sediment and hence the sensitivity of the sediment to disturbance may explain the community shift in cladocerans observed with fluctuating midge abundance in Lake Mývatn.
Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Schizothorax taliensis, a national-protected fish in China

Abstract Schizothorax taliensis is a national key protected fish in China. The mitochondrial genome of S. taliensis is 16,578 bp in length and includes two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 13 protein-coding genes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that S. taliensis belongs to Cyprinidae family and is closely related to other Schizothorax fish. This mitogenome will contribute to the further conservation and genetic studies of this endangered fish.
Multidimensional spectroscopy and imaging of defects in synthetic diamond: excitation-emission-lifetime luminescence measurements with multiexponential fitting and phasor analysis

We report the application of phasor analysis and nonlinear iterative fitting to complex spatial and spectroscopic luminescence decay data obtained from multidimensional microscopy of a CVD diamond grown on a HPHT substrate. This spectral and lifetime-resolved analysis enabled spatial mapping of variations in concentrations of nitrogen vacancy (NV) defects in both charge states and the quenching of NV− defects, as well as the identification of SiV− luminescence. These imaging and spectroscopic modalities may be important for reliable fabrication of quantum devices based on such defects in diamond, which will require well-defined and characterised quantum electronic properties.
Mapping protein-protein interactions in the Escherichia coli twin arginine translocase

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Mature dentate granule cells show different intrinsic properties depending on the behavioral context of their activation

The dentate gyrus (DG) plays a crucial role in learning, memory and spatial navigation. Only a small fraction of mature dentate granule cells (mDGCs) is active during behavior, while the large majority remains silent. To date, the properties of this active subset of neurons remain poorly investigated. Using fosGFP transgenic mice, we show ex vivo that activated mDGCs, from mice maintained in their home cage, exhibit a marked lower intrinsic excitability compared to the non-activated cells. Remarkably, activated mDGCs, from mice trained in a virtual environment, are more excitable than those from mice maintained in their home cage. Therefore, we show that activated mDGCs display different intrinsic properties and excitable states depending on the context of their activation. We propose that these properties could constitute a neural signature of cell assemblies recruited in different behavioral contexts.
“Empirical Prewhitening” Spectral Analysis Detects Periodic but Inconsistent Signals in Abyssal Hill Morphology at the Southern East Pacific Rise

The existence, or not, of periodicities in abyssal hill morphology has been vigorously debated in recent publications, and some have hypothesized that such periodicities are evidence of the impact of Milankovitch cycle‐caused sea level fluctuations on the volcanic construction process at mid‐ocean ridges. Periodicities are detected by the presence of spectral peaks that rise significantly above the random variations of sample power spectra associated with an aperiodic, continuous spectrum process, typically modeled as a band‐limited fractal (von Kármán model). Here, I formulate and test a new algorithm to “empirically prewhiten” the sample power spectrum which, without needing to model the continuous spectrum, flattens it to a zero‐mean process. This greatly simplifies definition of the null hypothesis, and additional modeling approximates standard deviation levels that provide a conservative basis for detecting peaks that may be indicative of periodicity. The algorithm is applied to extensive bathymetric data flanking the southern East Pacific Rise. Significant periodicities are detected on many profiles analyzed, but the periods vary widely, and do not cluster at Milankovitch periods. The most substantial harmonic signals detected exhibit periods ∼0.082–0.216 my, with root‐mean square (RMS) heights approximately a quarter to a third of the RMS height for the aperiodic signal. It is hypothesized that the dominant aperiodic component of abyssal hills corresponds to morphology constructed by faults that follow a random distribution governed by scaling laws, whereas longer‐scale periodic signals are associated with crustal thickness variations controlled internally by variations in melt supply.
Effects of Momordica charantia polysaccharide on in vitro ruminal fermentation and cellulolytic bacteria

Abstract Four levels of Momordica charantia polysaccharide (MCP) supplements (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6 mg/ml) were designed to investigate the effects of MCP on ruminal fermentation and cellulolytic bacteria in vitro. The pH, ammonia-N (NH3-N) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were measured at 6, 24, 48 h, whilst the cellulolytic bacteria population was determined at 6 and 24 h. The 0.6 mg/ml MCP inclusion decreased the theoretical maximum of gas production and the half-life. The NH3-N concentration was decreased by MCP at all doses at 24 h. The MCP inclusion increased the concentration of total VFA at 24 and 48 h and the acetate to propionate ratio, the molar proportion of isovalerate at 6 h, while decreased that of isobutyrate at 24 h and that of isovalerate, valerate at 24 and 48 h, respectively. The relative abundances of Ruminococcus albus and Ruminococcus flavefaciens were decreased at 6 h, while that of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens was increased at all times of incubation and that of Fibrobacter succinogenes reached the greatest value at 0.6 mg/ml MCP supplementation at 24 h. This study demonstrated that the MCP had the ability to enhance the total VFA production, modulate the rumen fermentation pathway and influence the number of cellulolytic bacteria population.
Computational Selection of High-Performing Covalent Organic Frameworks for Adsorption and Membrane-Based CO2/H2 Separation

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have high potential in gas separation technologies because of their porous structures, large surface areas, and good stabilities. The number of synthesized COFs already reached several hundreds, but only a handful of materials were tested as adsorbents and/or membranes. We used a high-throughput computational screening approach to uncover adsorption-based and membrane-based CO2/H2 separation potentials of 288 COFs, representing the highest number of experimentally synthesized COFs studied to date for precombustion CO2 capture. Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations were performed to assess CO2/H2 mixture separation performances of COFs for five different cyclic adsorption processes: pressure swing adsorption, vacuum swing adsorption, temperature swing adsorption (TSA), pressure−temperature swing adsorption (PTSA), and vacuum−temperature swing adsorption (VTSA). The results showed that many COFs outperform traditional zeolites in terms of CO2 selectivities and working capacities and PTSA is the best process leading to the highest adsorbent performance scores. Combining GCMC and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, CO2 and H2 permeabilities and selectivities of COF membranes were calculated. The majority of COF membranes surpass Robeson’s upper bound because of their higher H2 permeabilities compared to polymers, indicating that the usage of COFs has enormous potential to replace current materials in membrane-based H2/CO2 separation processes. Performance analysis based on the structural properties showed that COFs with narrow pores [the largest cavity diameter (LCD) < 15 Å] and low porosities (ϕ < 0.75) are the top adsorbents for selective separation of CO2 from H2, whereas materials with large pores (LCD > 20 Å) and high porosities (ϕ > 0.85) are generally the best COF membranes for selective separation of H2 from CO2. These results will help to speed up the engineering of new COFs with desired structural properties to achieve high-performance CO2/H2 separations.
Groundwater Monitoring System Using Internet of Things

The major problem among the people is that they are lacking in the awareness of the underground water usage. Thus, they are in the process of designing the “Application” which gives the data about the underground water consumption of the consumers and monitor the ground water usage of the consumers. Also, alarming when the maximum usage of water or wastage of water. This system sends the information of the water usage of that area and automatically recorded in the government water board of that area with quantity of the water usage, If exceeds the limit will have the locking system of the water supply of the usage area with fine. Thus the paper gives the total guidance to the people according the usage of the underground water resources digitally with the application itself
Photo reflectivity and photo electron yield from technical surfaces

The knowledge of material properties is an essential step to design particle accelerators and High Energy Colliders. During operation of these machines, the walls of the vacuum chambers are subjected to bombardment of photons and electrons. The detrimental interactions may be followed by issues related to vacuum and beam instability. Hence, it becomes crucial to obtain experimental data about these interaction in conditions as close as possible to the operative ones. Among others properties, Reflectivity (both specular and total component) and photoyield are of particular interest. These data will be used in numerical simulations to design vacuum systems. In an experimental campaign, carried out at the OPTICS beamline of BESSYII, we investigated the Reflectivity and the Photon Yield of technical materials of interest for the High Luminosity LHC upgrade and Future Circular Collider-hh design.
Risks and benefits of catching pretty good yield in multispecies mixed fisheries

Risks and benefits of catching pretty good yield in multispecies mixed fisheries Robert B. Thorpe*, Simon Jennings, and Paul J. Dolder Lowestoft Laboratory, Department of Fisheries, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK *Corresponding author: tel: þ44 1502 524555; fax: þ44 1502 513865; e-mail: robert.thorpe@cefas.co.uk. Present address: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46, 1553 Copenhagen V, Denmark Thorpe, R. B. , Jennings, S. , and Dolder, P. J. Risks and benefits of catching pretty good yield in multispecies mixed fisheries. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 74: 2097–2106.
Hopf bifurcation and energy transfer of automobile shimmy system with consideration of road roughness excitation

The dynamic model of the automobile shimmy system considering the sinusoidal road roughness excitation is established, and the response characteristic of the shimmy system is investigated with numerical simulations. Based on the complexification-averaging (CX-A) method, the slow flow equations of the shimmy system are obtained, and the shimmy angle of the front wheel is available on the basis of the analytical solution of the system. In addition, the bifurcation theory is applied to evaluate the stability of periodic solutions of the shimmy system exposed to the road roughness excitation. Finally, the laws of energy transfer between relevant subsystems of the shimmy system at various speeds are analysed. The suppression mechanism of the automobile shimmy by the damping of the steering system and the damping of the suspension at various speeds is also investigated. The conclusions provide theoretical supports for better anti-shimmy design, thereby improving the stability of the automobile.
Information seeking and simulation: Roles of attention in guiding a goal-directed behavior

We usually actively seek out the information we need. However, it is still debated whether information seeking in decision situation is a purposeful behavior or a random process. We investigated this issue using the decision task involving multiple goal-directed event sequences, in which a contextual cue specifies an associated target and touch to the target delivers the reward. We found that the gaze followed the sequence of contextual cue to the associated target, which was eventually chosen. This fixation sequence from contextual cue to the associated target could be observed even when there were multiple goals and when the focus was shifted from one goal to another. To causally investigate the effects of sequential simulation, we directly manipulated the processing of the contextual cues and found its influence on the final choice of target. Furthermore, past episodes of the sequences influenced both final choices of targets and initial gaze to contextual cues. We interpret the results as suggesting that the internal process of simulating goal-directed event sequence drives information-seeking behavior such as attention/gaze in decision situations.
Interleukin 22 mediates interleukin 23-induced pathology in newborn mice by disrupting the function of pancreatic and intestinal cells

Mice expressing IL-23 constitutively in the intestine or skin fail to grow and die prematurely. These phenotypes are associated with marked changes in the levels of circulating cytokines and with changes in the transcriptome of the pancreas and intestine. Marked changes are observed in the expression of molecules involved in digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, resulting in a malabsorptive condition. Genetic ablation of IL-22, or one of the subunits of the IL-22R in mice expressing IL-23, restores normal growth and increases the life span of the animals. Mechanistically, IL-22 acts directly at the level of pancreatic acinar cells to decrease expression of the pancreas associated transcription factor 1a (Ptfla), an important transcription factor controlling expression of genes encoding pancreatic enzymes, and acinar cell identity. The results indicate that dysregulated expression of IL-23 and IL-22 has severe consequences in newborns and reveal an unsuspected role for IL-22 in controlling pancreatic enzyme secretion and food absorption.
ICEEM/03 - ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SECTION Environmental Pollution and Monitoring MICROALGAE AS SUSTAINABLE CELL FACTORIES

Microalgae and cyanobacteria are sunlight-driven cell factories that convert carbon dioxide to potential biofuels, foods, feeds and high-value bioactives. In addition, these microorganisms are useful in several bioremediation applications and as nitrogen fixing biofertilizers. This work discusses the industrial and environmental applications of microalgae and the production of algae in photobioreactors. Suitably designed photobioreactors are substantially more productive in comparison with open ponds and “raceways” that have been traditionally used for culturing microalgae. Furthermore, photobioreactors allow monoseptic culture of many more algae than can be grown in open systems. Design of photobioreactors requires an ability to accurately estimate the photosynthetic irradiance level; supply the necessary amount of carbon dioxide; remove the inhibitory oxygen produced by photosynthesis; ensure rapid light–dark cycling of cells for enhanced productivity; and limit the maximum level of turbulence that the fragile algal cells are exposed to. These and other aspects of photobioreactor engineering are discussed.
Pineapple heart rot isolates from Ecuador reveal a new genotype of Phytophthora nicotianae

M. F. Ratti , M. S. Ascunce, J. J. Landivar and E. M. Goss* Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; and Facultad de Ingenier ıa Mar ıtima, Ciencias Biol ogicas, Oce anicas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Superior Polit ecnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 V ıa Perimetral, PO Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador