Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Bowfin as a Predator on Bluegill in a Vegetated Lake

Abstract Adult bowfins Amia calva were reintroduced (initial density approximately 32 fish/ha) into Lake Winona, Minnesota, from 1984 to 1986 to evaluate their effectiveness in controlling overabundant, stunted bluegills Lepomis macrochirus and other sunfishes (centrarchids) in a system with extensive macrophyte beds. Bowfin catch rates (trap nets, gill nets and electrofishing) declined rapidly after reintroductions ended in 1986. Catch rates and growth rates of bluegill and black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus have not changed since bowfin reintroduction. In 1992, only adult bowfins (average age, 10 years; average weight, 2.4 kg) were captured in Lake Winona, and they were concentrated in or near dense macrophyte beds. The final population estimate for bowfin in the west basin was 114 fish (3.17 fish/ha). Captive bowfins exhibited no size selection when feeding on sunfish and consumed on average less than 5 sunfish/24 h. Bowfin consumption rates declined by 80% when the density of artificial vegetation e.
Characterization of the role that bacterial surface polysaccharide poly N-acetyl glucosamine plays in nonvaccine serotypes of streptococcus pneumoniae colonization and pathogenicity

Poly N-acetyl glucosamine is a cell surface polysaccharide that has been characterized in Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus as involved in biofilm formation and implicated in virulence. Its role in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity is now being characterized in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The aim of this thesis was to produce PNAG-deficient S. pneumoniae mutants and to confirm differential levels of biofilm formation in PNAG-deficient mutants in comparison to their wild type strains. Using PCR, gel electrophoresis, and indirect immunofluorescence, successful transformations of PNAG-deficient mutants were confirmed. Biofilm assays provided preliminary data for further investigation of the role that PNAG plays in colonization in S. pneumoniae. A novel finding in PNAG genetic structure in S. pneumoniae was also discovered, providing a new avenue of research on PNAG.
Interactive comment on “ Total column water vapor retrieval for GOME-2 visible blue observations ” by Ka Lok

We thank reviewer #2 for the time to carefully reading the manuscript and providing useful comments. We understand that these comments are positive on the scientific content of the manuscript while appropriate revisions and clarifications are necessary. We have addressed the reviewer’s comments on a point to point basis as below for consideration. All page and line numbers refer to the marked-up version of the manuscript.
The Multicoloured Asian Ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a threat for native aphid predators in Belgium?

The Multicoloured Asian Ladybird (Harmonia axyridis Pallas 1773) is native to large parts of Asia. It preys mostly on tree-dwelling hemipteran insects such as psyllids, scale insects and aphids (1). It is a commercially attractive biocontrol agent for aphid populations because its larvae are very voracious, polyphagous and easy to rear (2-4). H. axyridis is widely used for reducing pest aphid populations in greenhouses, orchards and gardens in North America since 1916 and in Western Europe since 1982, where it is sold by different private companies (e.g. Biotop SAS, BioBest and Koppert) (1,4). Little attention has been paid to the development of feral populations of H. axyridis in Europe. This is surprising given the rapid colonisation of a wide range of American ecosystems, and growing concerns over the negative impact of natural enemy introductions (57). Recent observations suggest that this species is now invading (semi-)natural ecosystems in Belgium and may become a potential threat for native ladybird species and other aphid predators.
Assessing textual source code comparison: split or unified?

Evaluating source code differences is an important task in software engineering. Unified and split are two popular textual representations supported by clients for source code management. Whether these representations differ in supporting source code commit assessment is still unknown, despite its ubiquity in software production environments. This paper performs a controlled experiment to test the causality between the textual representation of source code differences and the performance in term of commit evaluation. Our experiment shows that no significant difference was measured. We therefore conclude that both unified and split equally support the source code commit assessment for the tasks we considered.
A CASCADED MULTILEVEL PHOTOVOLTAIC INVERTER TOPOLOGY WITH HYBRID PHASE DISPOSITION MODULATION FOR GRID CONNECTED PV SYSTEM

This paper presents a generalized cascaded multilevel photovoltaic inverter topology for grid connected PV systems with hybrid phase disposition PWM control scheme. Hybrid PWM strategy is based on the combination of fundamental frequency PWM and high frequency phase disposition PWM which reduces the power losses and improves energy efficiency. A digital proportional–integral current control algorithm is also implemented in TMS320F2407 digital signal processor to keep the current injected in to the grid sinusoidal and to have high dynamic performance with rapidly changing atmospheric conditions. Xilinx Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) is used to realize the hybrid PWM algorithm and it is integrated with digital signal processor for hybrid phase disposition PWM generation. This inverter offers much less weighted total harmonic distortion, high conversion efficiency and can operate with low thermal stress. The proposed system is verified through simulation and it is implemented in a low power prototype, and the experimental results are compared with conventional grid connected PV systems.
Disaster Impact Information Retrieval Using Deep Learning Object Detection in Crowdsourced Drone Footage

Collecting and sharing timely and reliable post-disaster data is of utmost importance in disaster mitigation. Current methods of aerial search for post-disaster reconnaissance rely on human involvement, making them expensive, subjective, and slow. We propose to equip ordinary drones with convolutional neural networks (CNN) for fast object detection and viewpoint projection to assist in evacuation, wayfinding, resource allocation, and damage assessment. In this research, an in-house hurricane video dataset and the YOLO object detection algorithm are used. Testing the trained CNN model on unseen drone footage yields an overall accuracy of 74.48%. Next, GPS-free geometrical projection is used to autonomously transform the pixel coordinates of detected objects from the drone’s perspective view to the world coordinates in an orthogonal map. When tested on classes undamaged roof and car, a high accuracy (~5% error) is achieved, demonstrating the robustness of this method for real-time mapping of disaster footage.
posttraumatic stress disorder

Bio ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS • Associate Professor University Medical Line, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences ADMINISTRATIVE APPOINTMENTS • Director of Outpatient Mental Health, VA Palo Alto HCS, (2008-2020) • Deputy Chief of Staff, MH, Social Work, and Homeless Services, VA Palo Alto HCS, (2020present) Research & Scholarship CURRENT RESEARCH AND SCHOLARLY INTERESTS My scholarly, clinical, and teaching activities apply interdisciplinary training in neuroscience/pharmacology and medicine/psychiatry to advance health and mental health care for psychiatric patients with disorders related to chronic and severe stress. As Director of Outpatient Mental Health for the VHA Palo Alto HCS, my work focuses on psychiatric disorders in military veterans. The goal is maximizing the use of evidence-based practices and reducing unnecessary medical burden of psychiatric treatments for stress-related disorders. I have conducted basic science research on the adverse effects of the stress hormone cortisol and applied research on the efficacy of medication treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Currently, we are conducting research on the efficacy of innovative treatment approaches for PTSD and developing electronic medical records software tools that foster the use of evidence-based treatments and continuous monitoring of clinical outcomes and adverse effects. Clinically, we are developing and implementing clinical programs that improve access to mental health care and foster evidenced-based care.
Pengaruh Iklim Mikro terhadap Respons Fisiologis Sapi Peranakan Fries Holland dan Modifikasi Lingkungan untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitasnya (ULASAN)

Most of Holstein in Indonesia were imported from European countries which have temperate climate (13-25 0 C). If those Holstein were kept under high temperature and high humidity and exposed to direct solar radiation, the cattles would be experienced with heat stress, resulted in decreasing appetite, increased water intake, decreased metabolism, increased catabolism, increased heat loss through evaporation, decreased hormone concentration in blood, increased body temperature, increased respiration and heart rate and behavioral changes. To reduce the heat stress can be achieved by environment modification, such as type of animal house construction, type of roof material selected for animal house and determination of animal housing height. The improvement of environmental condition was gained for maintaining the animal heat balance in steady state, due to reducing the thermoregulatory responses (i.e heart rate, respiration rate and mean body temperature). Controlling the heat stressed animals to lower thermoregulatory activities will improve their productivity. Key words : Holstein, physiological responses, heat stress, micro-climate, environmental modification
Maintenance of Iron Meromixis by Iron Redeposition in a Rapidly Flushed Monimolimnion

Water mass ages determined by the 3H–3He method gave a water renewal time of 2.5 ± 1 yr for the monimolimnion of softwater iron meromictic Lake 120. The water renewal time of the monimolimnion is less than, or equal to, the renewal time of the whole lake. The monimolimnion of Lake 120 was, therefore, not found to be a stratum of "perennially stagnant deep water. " The rates of supply to, and degradation of, organic matter in the monimolimnion are responsible, in the first place, for the low redox potential necessary to establish the high concentrations of soluble Fe2+ observed (up to 4.2 mmol∙L−1). However, it was found that the major key to maintenance of high monimolimnetic concentrations of Fe, i.e. maintenance of iron meromixis, is recycling of Fe at the chemocline by an "Ferrous Wheel. " Up to 90% recycling of iron between chemocline and monimolimnion results in an iron residence time of for the whole lake (greater than 4 times the whole lake water renewal time). Key words: meromixis, iron recycling, 3H.
Comparative Analysis of Global Gene Expression and Complement Components Levels in Umbilical Cord Blood from Preterm and Term Neonates: Implications for Significant Downregulation of Immune Response Pathways related to Prematurity

Background: Preterm birth is the most frequent cause of neonatal death, but its aetiology remains unclear. It has been suggested that the imbalance of immunological mechanisms responsible for maintaining pregnancy is contributing to preterm birth pathogenesis. We aimed to investigate global gene expression and the levels of several complement system components in umbilical cord blood samples from preterm neonates and compare them to term newborns. We sought to examine how differentially expressed genes could affect various immune-related pathways that are believed to be crucial factors in preterm birth. Material and methods: We enrolled 27 preterm infants (<37 weeks GA) and 52 term infants (>37 weeks GA), from which umbilical cord blood samples were collected. From these samples, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and subsequent RNA isolation was performed. We used Affymetrix Human Gene 2.1 ST Array Strip for microarray experiment and DAVID resources for bioinformatics analysis of the obtained data. Concentrations of C2, C3a, C5/C5a, C9, FactorD, Properdin were measured in umbilical cord blood plasma samples using multiplex fluorescent bead-based immunoassays using Luminex technology. Results: The levels of C3a and C5/5a were significantly elevated in preterm neonates compared to term babies, whereas C9 concentration was evidently increased in term infants. The expression of 250 genes was upregulated at least 2-fold and 3781 genes were downregulated at least 2-fold in preterm neonates in comparison with term infants. Functional annotation analysis revealed that in preterm infants in comparison to term babies there was a significant downregulation of genes encoding several Toll-like receptors, interleukins and genes involved in major signalling pathways (e.g. NF-κB, MAPK, TNF, Notch, JAK) and vital cellular processes (e.g. intracellular signal transduction, protein ubiquitination, protein transport, RNA splicing, DNA-templated transcription). Conclusions: Preterm birth results in immediate and long-term complications. Our results indicate that infants born prematurely show significant differences in complement components concentration and a downregulation of over 3,000 genes, involved mainly in various immune-related pathways, including innate immune response, phagocytosis and TLR function, when compared to full-term babies. Further studies on larger cohorts are needed to elucidate the role of immunity in prematurity.
A Survey Investigation of the Noise Performance in SAR

The phase estimation of cross-track multibaseline synthetic aperture interferometric data is usually thought to be very efficiently achieved using the maximum likelihood (ML) method. The suitability of this method is investigated here as applied to airborne single pass multibaseline data. Experimental interferometric data acquired with a Ka-band sensor were processed using (a) a ML method that fuses the complex data from all receivers and (b) a coarse-to-fine method that only uses the intermediate baselines to unwrap the phase values from the longest baseline. The phase noise was analyzed for both methods: in most cases, a small improvement was found when the ML method was used.
Distributed association rule mining and summarization for Diabetes Mellitus and Its Co-Morbid Risk Prediction strategy using FUZZY Classifier

— Diabetes is a life-threatening issue in modern health care domain. With the use of data mining techniques, diabetes factors and co morbid risk conditions associated with diabetes has found. In order to stifle the evolution of diabetes mellitus, applies distributed association rule mining and summarization techniques to electronic medical records. This helps to discover set of risk factors and co morbid conditions in distributed medical dataset using frequent itemset mining. In general, association rule mining (ARM) generates bulky volume of data sets which need to summarize certain rules over medical record. This encompasses a novel approach to find the common factors which lead to high risks of diabetes and co morbid conditions associated with diabetes. This performs both association rule mining and association rule summarization techniques with improved classification algorithms. Exiting systems aim to apply association rule mining to electronic medical records to discover sets of risk factors and their corresponding subpopulations that represent patients at particularly high risk of developing diabetes. Given the high dimensionality of EMRs (Electronic Medical Records), association rule mining generates a very large set of rules which we need to summarize for easy clinical use. The existing system reviewed four association rule set summarization techniques and conducted a comparative evaluation to provide guidance regarding the diabetes risk prediction.
Pollination Biology of Piperaceae Species in Southeastern Brazil

Phenology, floral biology and breeding system are described for 14 Piperaceae species at two sites covered by semi-deciduous forest in southeastern Brazil. Flowering occurred continuously throughout the year, with a peak during the windy months. All species had minute odorous and nectarless flowers visited by insects; five of them showed a substantial degree of self-compatibility, and one was andromonoecious. Seven species were wind pollinated, and three were exclusively pollinated by insects. Flower visitors were mainly hoverflies and bees.
Evidence and Inductive Inference

This chapter presents a typology of the different kinds of inductive inferences we can draw from our evidence, based on the explanatory relationship between evidence and conclusion. Drawing on the literature on graphical models of explanation, I divide inductive inferences into (a) downwards inferences, which proceed from cause to effect, (b) upwards inferences, which proceed from effect to cause, and (c) sideways inferences, which proceed first from effect to cause and then from that cause to an additional effect. I further distinguish between direct and indirect forms of downwards and upwards inferences. I then show how we can subsume canonical forms of inductive inference mentioned in the literature, such as inference to the best explanation, enumerative induction, and analogical inference, under this typology. Along the way, I explore connections with probability and confirmation, epistemic defeat, the relation between abduction and enumerative induction, the compatibility of IBE and Bayesianism, and theories of epistemic justification.
Time-lapse Seismic Modeling of CO2 Sequestration in Geological Formation

Time lapse seismic reservoir modeling can image fluid flow effects in a reservoir if the changes in seismic pattern can be observed. In the present study, Gassmann fluid substitution analysis and forward modeling based on subsurface model has been carried out to predict reservoir response. 2D seismic modeling was performed to simulate the CO2 injection scenario in the Nisku Formation in the Wabamun area. A decrease in the impedance values are observed in the postinjection scenario and the identification of the CO2 plume is more evident in the inverted result than in stacked section.
Software Visualization and Deep Transfer Learning for Effective Software Defect Prediction

Software defect prediction aims to automatically locate defective code modules to better focus testing resources and human effort. Typically, software defect prediction pipelines are comprised of two parts: the first extracts program features, like abstract syntax trees, by using external tools, and the second applies machine learning-based classification models to those features in order to predict defective modules. Since such approaches depend on specific feature extraction tools, machine learning classifiers have to be custom-tailored to effectively build most accurate models. To bridge the gap between deep learning and defect prediction, we propose an end-to-end framework which can directly get prediction results for programs without utilizing feature-extraction tools. To that end, we first visualize programs as images, apply the self-attention mechanism to extract image features, use transfer learning to reduce the difference in sample distributions between projects, and finally feed the image files into a pre-trained, deep learning model for defect prediction. Experiments with 10 open source projects from the PROMISE dataset show that our method can improve cross-project and within-project defect prediction. Our code and data pointers are available at https://zenodo.org/record/3373409#. XV0Oy5Mza35.
Flood impacts on residential property prices in frequently flooded areas: Evidences from Kanda river basin, Tokyo

Governments publicize flood risk information in an effort to mitigate future damage and the loss of life and property of residents; however, residents’ awareness of flood risk is unclear. Several studies have analyzed real estate property prices to quantify residents’ flood risk awareness by assuming that price discounts represent the level of awareness, and confirmed a sudden decline in real estate property prices after floods. If floods rarely occur, their occurrence might heighten awareness of risk; however, the reaction would be different where flooding is frequent. This study examines the risk awareness in flood-prone areas by analyzing the relationship between flood events and transaction price changes. We found that flood events induced no price change in frequently flooded areas, and properties in hazard areas are devaluated. These finding indicates that risk awareness of residents in frequently flooded areas are appropriate and stable based on their experiences. _______________________________________________________ R. Inoue (Corresponding author) Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 9800804, Japan Email: rinoue@tohoku.ac. jp D. Komori Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0804, Japan Email: daisuke.komori. e8@tohoku.ac. jp
Harvest (Online); Bi-Annual Parental Stress of Autistic Children Volume 4(1); 2019

Having a child with developmental disabilities brings life changing implications and longlasting effects in the life of the whole family. Parenting is inherently challenging, even in relation to normative events experienced by every parent. A number of studies conducted on this area show that parents of children with developmental disabilities experience higher levels of stress compared to parents of children with typical development. The present study is designed to assess and compare the perceived stress among the fathers and the mothers of 30 individuals with ASD. All the children with autism were of moderatetosevere level of impairment. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was administered on the parents of children with ASD. For statistical analysis, mean, median and t-test were used. Results show that, there is no significant difference between the perceived stress by the mothers and fathers. But the mean perceived stress among this group is higher than the means of the norms provided by the developer of the test. Literature review has revealed that some parents also have reported positives effects of having a young child with an ASD.
NOVEL LEFT-HANDED TRANSMISSION LINES BASED ON GROUNDED SPIRALS

Novel super-compact (λg/13 by λg/13) left-handed (LH) unit cell ForeS, based on grounded spirals, is analyzed in detail. ForeS exhibits low insertion losses and a large design flexibility: small changes of its inner dimensions, result in resonant frequency tuning range approximately equal to 67%. In the same time, the second harmonic is positioned at more then four times the first resonant frequency. By placing the diodes at the relevant positions, ForeS can be made electronically reconfigurable: 27% resonant frequency tuning range can be achieved, as well as different inand out-of-band performances. Two LH transmission lines are designed using ForeS that offer a trade-off between LH bandwidth and pass band ripple.
Using Perfecta3DTM Hanging Drop Plates to Assess Chemosensitivity

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is motivated by the strong and growing need to carry out experiments in cellular models that better mimic physiological tissues. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures often fail to capture the cellular functions and responses that are present in tissue. As a result, drug assays and biological research findings based on conventional 2D cell cultures tend to be skewed and offer limited predictive capability. [1]