Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence for in vivo activity of three distinct respiratory terminal oxidases in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803

In the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains are closely linked and share common components, among them cytochrome c553, plastocyanin, and possibly cytochrome cM. In order to characterize their function more closely, mutants were constructed that lack the genes for one or more of these proteins in both wild-type and coxBAC− (coding for cytochrome c oxidase) backgrounds. Not all constructions led to homozygous strains, especially the joint inactivation of the petJ (cytochrome c553) and petE (plastocyanin) genes or petE and cytM (cytochrome cM) genes proved impossible. The capacity for chemoheterotrophic growth is strictly coupled to the presence of the coxBAC locus. Since even a strain with an intact coxBAC locus but lacking both cytochrome c's grows chemoheterotrophically, plastocyanin or an unidentified substance might be a possible donor to cytochrome c oxidase in this strain. Respiration in strains lacking both the coxBAC locus and the petJ gene is completely inhibitable by HQNO or pentachlorophenol. Since the cytochrome b6f complex is not sensitive to HQNO, the sole respiratory terminal oxidase in these strains is apparently the cytochrome bd quinol oxidase (known to be sensitive to HQNO and pentachlorophenol in Escherichia coli) so far characterized only by DNA sequencing. As respiration in a strain lacking only the coxBAC locus is partially sensitive to HQNO, the non-inhibitable part of the electron transport is identified with a respiratory chain ending in the ARTO, the third respiratory terminal oxidase identified through the total sequence of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, thus providing for the first time evidence for in vivo activity of all three putative respiratory terminal oxidases.
Do Mutual Funds Profit from the Accruals Anomaly?

Using data on both fund stockholdings and fund returns, we examine whether actively managed equity mutual funds trade on and profit from the accruals anomaly. We find that few, if any, mutual funds trade on the anomaly. The top 10% of mutual funds that have the highest portfolio weights in lowaccruals stocks have a greater, but still relatively small, exposure to low-accruals stocks. Nonetheless, these funds make significant profit net of actual transaction costs, exhibiting an average Fama-French three-factor alpha of 2.83% per year. We also find that these funds are smaller, less diversified, and exhibit higher fund return volatility and higher fund flow volatility.
Direct Government Control Over Residential Land Supply And Its Impact On Real Estate Market: Evidence From Major Chinese Market

In the early and mid-2000s, the development of land reserve system promoted a structural change in residential land market in urban China, and the municipal government has become the sole supplier of urban residential land after the structural change. This paper examines the impact that direct government control over residential land supply has on real estate markets in major Chinese cities. It is found that there is a significant decrease in land supply after the establishment of direct government control over residential land supply, and the decrease in land supply has put downward pressure on new housing supply. It is also found that there is a decline in the price elasticity of new housing supply in the period characterized by more restrictive land supply.
ENTREPRENEUR’S WEALTH VS. FIRM’S WELFARE: EXPLORING AN “EVERGREEN” GOVERNANCE FOR FIRM SUCCESSION

In successful privately held companies, where main shareholders and managers are strongly linked, the exit of a founder creates a dilemma between maximizing their wealth through external investment and perpetuating the organizational model by limiting external shareholders. Papers generally show that the entrepreneurs’ personal motivations are stronger factors, thus explaining the frequent transition of startups to public corporation models. But is there leeway to design different governance models, for example aiming to facilitate the firm’s transmission? Based on a case study of a french management consulting firm, we reveal a variety of parameters that can be at play when designing the ownership and management structure of such a company, and thus of the possible governance systems to be considered. Although the validity area of the case we exhibit is presumably limited, we contend that it opens a category of models that research could explore, strengthen and potentially contribute to diffuse.
A comparison of a first and third year UG enterprise unit: lessons from experiential learning and interdisciplinarity

Drawing from several years of experience, this work describes lessons learnt in designing, delivering and assessing two interdisciplinary enterprise units offered undergraduate students from any discipline studing at the University of Manchester (UK). Both units are electives (optional). One unit is delivered to first year undergrdaute students whereas the other unit is delivered to third/fourth year undergraduate students. Experiential learning and interdisciplinary cohorts are core aspects of both units. Students work on ‘real-world’ projects to develop a credible and competitive solution within a tight dead-line. In this paper, findings are drawn from data collected from staff and teaching assistants observations, students’ reflective diaries and students’ feedback. Findings showed that in general, students at both levels, year 1 and year 3/4, regarded the experience challenging at first due to the ‘unusual’ learning environment when compared to the education that most students have experienced prior to the units here discussed. However, most students highly regarded the interdisciplinary experiential learning experience. The paper contributes to the growth of knowledge and aids understanding of how experiential learning and interdisciplinarity have been effectively combined and introduced in the university curriculum. Although this works focused on enterprise education the experience-based guidance here described is also applicable to a much wider range of situations and academic areas of study. Keywords: Enterprise and Entrepreneurship Education; Employability; Experiential learning; Interdisciplinary education;
Turkish Students' Views on Environmental Challenges with respect to Gender: An Analysis of ROSE Data

This paper examined high school students’ attitudes toward the environment and their interest in learning about environmental protection with respect to gender. The questionnaire-based Relevance of Science Education (ROSE) Project data of 9th grade students were collected in Turkey from 1,260 students. Statistical analysis included tabulation of frequency distribution, descriptive statistics chi-square and multivariate analysis of variance. The findings of this study revealed that (i) Turkish students have favourable attitudes toward environmental issues, (ii) students are eager to find solutions to environmental problems and show optimistic trends about the future, (iii) students’ interests in learning about environmental protection issues are moderate level, and (iv) statistically significant differences were found in environmental attitudes and interests in learning about environmental protection mean scores of students regarding gender. The authors offer suggestions, based on the results, for further research to identify reasons for differences between boys and girls so as to improve environmental education in Turkish schools.
Exploring the interactions of bacterial secondary symbionts (BSS) in wheat aphids, Sitobion avenae F. with parasitoids

Bacterial secondary symbionts (BSS) are renowned for their capacity to protect their hosts against natural enemies. Sitobion avenae (F.) is recently reported for Hamiltonella defensa and Regiella insecticola infections. Among natural enemies, parasitoids are the most effective bio-control agents. Host feeding strategy has been adopted by many parasitoids to increase their longevity and fecundity. Parasitoid-host interactions are highly specialized and depend upon the environmental factors and the genotypic backgrounds of the species involved. Besides the innate defence system, BSS composition of hosts may also alter the outcome of aphid-parasitoid interactions. Genetically identical S. avenae clones possessed and lacked H. defensa and R. insecticola were used to assess host feeding and parasitism behaviour, host defence generality or specificity of these symbionts in this particular wheat aphid-symbiont system involving two parasitoids, Aphelinus abdominalis and Aphidius rhopalosiphi. A. abdominalis host feeding Reponses, towards of wheat aphids possessing and lacking BSS and genetic variations, studied at varying host densities and temperatures. In the last part of this study, H. defensa and R. insecticola were evaluated for defense against genetically different parasitoids A. abdominalis and A. rhopalosiphi for host feeding and parasitism. BSS confer resistance to wheat aphids against A. abdominalis host feeding in both choice and no choice tests at all aphid host densities and temperatures tested. A. abdominalis host feeding response was positively correlated with host densities and temperatures up to a certain limit. S. avenae survivorship decreased significantly from lower to higher aphid densities and temperatures in choice and no choice tests. The most striking result was A. abdominalis host preference in feeding S. avenae without BSS in choice tests. Genetic or clonal preference in host feeding was also observed when A. abdominalis were exposed to genetically different S. avenae clones in all experiments. Wheat aphid-symbiont bond for its outcome was not affected by variable host densities and temperatures. H. defensa conferred a general defence against both parasitoids but R. insecticola was significantly resistant against host feeding of A. abdominalis while it didn’t provide defence to S. avenae against A. rhopalosiphi. A. abdominalis development in S. avenae was negatively affected by both of these bacterial symbionts but A. rhopalosiphi got negative impact only from H. defensa. Parasitoids were not involved in horizontal transmission of H. defensa and R. insecticola among S. avenae populations. These fitness advantages confer to their host aphids by these endosymbiotic bacteria expound the adaptive significance of their heritable and successful spread over many insect populations especially in aphids.
Spontaneous decay rate of a dipole emitter in a strongly scattering disordered environment

We study the statistics of the fluorescence decay rate of a dipole emitter embedded in a strongly scattering medium. In the multiple-scattering regime, the probability of observing a decrease in the decay rate is substantial, as predicted by exact numerical simulations. The decrease originates from a reduction of the local density of optical states and is due to collective interactions and interferences. In the strong-scattering regime, signatures of recurrent scattering are visible in the behavior of the average decay rate.
Local and regional influences over soil microbial metacommunities in the Transantarctic Mountains

The metacommunity concept provides a useful framework to assess the influence of local and regional controls over diversity patterns. Culture-independent studies of soil microbial communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of East Antarctica (77° S) have shown that bacterial diversity is related to soil geochemical gradients, while studies targeting edaphic cyanobacteria have linked local diversity patterns to dispersal-based processes. In this study, we increased the spatial extent of observed soil microbial communities to cover the Beardmore Glacier region in the central Transantarctic Mountains (84° S). We used community profiling techniques to characterize diversity patterns for bacteria and the cyanobacterial subcomponent of the microbial community. Diversity partitioning was used to calculate beta diversity and estimate among-site dissimilarity in the metacommunity. We then used variation partitioning to assess the relationship between beta diversity and environmental and spatial gradients. We found that dominant groups in the soil bacterial metacommunity were influenced by gradients in pH and soil moisture at the Transantarctic scale (800 km). Conversely, beta diversity for the cyanobacterial component of the edaphic microbial metacommunity was decoupled from these environmental gradients, and was more related to spatial filters, suggesting that wind-driven dispersal dynamics created cyanobacterial biogeography at a local scale (<3 km).
Web-scale taxonomy learning

In this paper, we propose an automatic and unsupervised methodology to obtain taxonomies of terms from the Web and represent retrieved web sites into a meaningful organization for a desired domain without previous knowledge. It is based on the intensive use of web search engines to retrieve domain suitable resources from which extract knowledge, and to obtain web scale statistics from which infer knowledge relevancy. Results can be useful for easing the access to the web resources or as the first step for constructing ontologies suitable for the Semantic Web.
Heritability estimates of some linear type traits in Nili Ravi buffaloes.

Most of the body conformation traits are heritable to varying levels and have been reported in almost all of the important dairy cattle breeds. Traits showing medium to high heritability estimates can be improved through selection and breeding depending upon the selection intensity and heritability of a particular trait. The present study was planned for the characterization of li near type traits in Nili Ravi buffaloes of Pakistan. One of the main objectives of the study was the genetic evaluation of Nili Ravi buffaloes for body conformation and linear type traits. A total of 1180 records on 437 Nili Ravi milking buffaloes were generated over a scoring period of two years. Pedigree records of buffaloes were traced back up to 5 available generations and these buffaloes were the progeny of 88 sires and 303 dams. Number of base animals were 119 with no pedigree records. Univariate heritability estimates of linear type traits using ASREML computer program (Gilmour, 2009) showed that most of the estimates were low to medium in range. Heritability estimates for stature, chest width, body depth, angularity, rump angle and rump width were fo und as 0.36±0.092, 0.10±0.081, 0.32±0.081, 0.06±0.071, 0.15±0.071, and 0.38±0.092, respectively. Heritability estimates for most of the linear type traits were found in agreement with the reports available in the literature for different dairy cattle breed s. The results might be considered for inclusion of some of the linear type traits in selection programs. However, consideration of correlation of any trait with milk yield is a prerequisite because in case of positive correlation with milk yield, improvement in both milk yield and a lin ear trait will be simultaneous but in case of negative correlation the case may be reverse. Among the body conformation traits, stature, body depth, rump angle and rump width are relatively more important and should be given consideration. Further studies and research with larger data set is needed to explore linear type traits and to validate the findings of the current study.
Best Practices for Research Guidelines forTranslating RCT Findings into Practice

The epidemiologists and methodologists have gained control of the research agenda and, more recently, the clinical agenda. Over the past 20 years, the randomized clinical trial (RCT) has become the standard against which the effectiveness of a given intervention is measured (Shadish, Cook, & Campbell, 2002). The RCT has been used extensively in testing the effectiveness of drugs, medical and surgical treatments, psychotherapies, and social programs.As the demand for evidence-based practice increases, the pressure on clinicians mounts. Many clinicians are asked to translate the RCT conditions into their practice after a trial has been completed and the effectiveness awards have been handed out. But translating RCT into practice is not easy given the inherent differences, in terms of mission and execution, between the RCT and practice worlds. What are some of the most obvious differences between these two worlds? The RCT is credited with providing the best available evidence on the effectiveness of an intervention.The RCT design is characterized by control over the experimental conditions. Participants are carefully selected, on the basis of strictly defined eligibility criteria, to ensure homogeneity of the sample and to control for potential confounds. To minimize selection bias, participants are randomly assigned to the treatment or comparison group.The intervention under evaluation is implemented in a standard and consistent manner across all participants assigned to the treatment group, so as to minimize random irrelevancies in its delivery that might affect the outcome.Analysis of outcome data is conducted at the group level, aimed at demonstrating statistically significant between-group differences in outcomes at post-test. Because of careful participant selection on the basis of strictly defined eligibility criteria, the generalizability of RCT findings is limited to patients who meet those criteria (Brown, 2002). The patient population served in the practice setting comprises subgroups of patients who differ CJNR 2007,Vol. 39 No 4, 191–197
ACCURATE VISUAL LOCALIZATION IN OUTDOOR AND INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS EXPLOITING 3D IMAGE SPACES AS SPATIAL REFERENCE

Abstract. In this paper, we present a method for visual localization and pose estimation based on 3D image spaces. The method works in indoor and outdoor environments and does not require the presence of control points or markers. The method is evaluated with different sensors in an outdoor and an indoor test field. The results of our research show the viability of single image localization with absolute position accuracies at the decimetre level for outdoor environments and 5 cm or better for indoor environments. However, the evaluation also revealed a number of limitations of single image visual localization in real-world environments. Some of them could be addressed by an alternative AR-based localization approach, which we also present and compare in this paper. We then discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the two approaches and show possibilities for combining them to obtain accurate and robust visual localization in an absolute coordinate frame.
Optimizing A New Flow Diversion Structure For The Planned Expanding Of The Spillway For The Malter Dam In Germany Using A Physical Hydraulic Model

The State Reservoir Administration of Saxony is planning to expand the spillway discharge capacity of the 102-yearold Malter Dam. After a catastrophic flood in 2002, updated hydrologic modeling indicated that the design discharges for the dam had increased significantly. As a result, the original spillway discharge capacity was insufficient to pass the revised design flows. A design concept was developed to add a second spillway and stilling basin to the dam, and to pass flow into this spillway using a novel vertical flow separator. The design and performance of this system was evaluated using a 1:25-scale physical model. The modeling activities were performed by the Research Institute for Water and Environment located at the University of Siegen. The modeling effort led to an improved design of the vertical flow separator, which meets the needs of the project and will allow for an increase in the spillway discharge capacity to satisfy dam safety concerns.
Insignificant buffering capacity of Antarctic shelf carbonates

We combined data sets of measured sedimentary calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and satellite‐derived pelagic primary production to parameterize the relation between CaCO3 content on the Antarctic shelves and primary production in the overlying water column. CaCO3 content predicted in this way was in good agreement with the measured data. The parameterization was then used to chart CaCO3 content on the Antarctic shelves all around the Antarctic, using the satellite‐derived primary production. The total inventory of CaCO3 in the bioturbated layer of Antarctic shelf sediments was estimated to be 0.5 Pg C. This quantity is comparable to the total CO2 uptake by the Southern Ocean in only one to a few years (dependent on the uptake estimate and area considered), indicating that the dissolution of these carbonates will neither delay ocean acidification in this area nor augment the Southern Ocean CO2 uptake capacity.
Phenolic contentand allelopathic potential of leavesand rhizosphere soilaqueous extracts of white horehound ( Maribum vulgare L.)

The present study was conducted to determine phenolic content and evaluate allelopathic effects of leaf and rhizosphere soil extractsof Maribum vulgareL.under laboratory conditions. Samples were collected from National Park of Djebel Zaghouan (Tunisia) in October 2016.Total phenolic and flavonoid content of methanolic and water extracts was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and aluminum chloride method, respectively. The highest amounts of polyphenols (44.89±0.25 mg EAG/g DW) and flavonoids (24.6±1.07 mg QE/g DW) were shown by the leaf methanolic extracts. The total phenolic contents of the soil extracts, varied from 0.03±0.00 to 0.05±0.00 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g soil extract, and the highest concentration was found in methanol/water extract. Aqueous extracts concentrations of leaf (1, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.5 g mL) and soil (5, 10, 30 and 50 g L) were studied for their effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Sinapis arvensis L. (weed) and Lactuca sativaL. (cultivated). The results showed that the leaf extract and rhizosphere soil of M. vulgaresignificantly (p<0.05) affects the germination (%), mean germination time (MGT),root and shoot length of S. arvensis and L. sativa, and the effects were proportional to the concentration. The inhibition caused by the leaf and soil extracts was found to be more than shoot length.The results demonstrated that both leaf aqueous extracts and soil of tested species could be used as natural herbicides.
Key Success Factors in Health-related Food Marketing: A Case Study Approach

Every now and then, astonishing success stories can be observed on the food market. Many of the recent examples make reference to health characteristics and arguments. In order to analyse the possibly underlying success factors, an empirical case study approach was chosen. 27 successful European Union food marketing cases were purposively sampled from the database of renowned marketing effectiveness awards as well as following a series of food market expert interviews. Success factors were analyzed in a two-step approach, first for each case and then in a case-by-case comparison structured with a card sorting method. Six groups of success factors emerged from the analysis and named "data and knowledge", "emotions", "endorsement", "media", "community" and "why and how". Several success factors appeared to be of specific importance for the issue of health characteristics and arguments. It is concluded that considering the applicability of these case derived success factors might be a recommendable way of improving food marketing campaigns, especially when referencing to health in the communication.