Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reduced Serum Cholinesterase Activity Distinguishes Hepatic Encephalopathy From 48 Types of Human Diseases

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is a complication of central nervous systems due to liver failure-related brain inflammation. Less than half of patients suffering from liver failure develop hepatic encephalopathy, which suggests other factors beyond liver failure might contribute to hepatic encephalopathy. Indeed, we reported previously that the levels of serum direct bilirubin, a liver cell-made product, are counter-intuitively highest in hepatic encephalopathy patients among 72 clinically defined diseases. In current study, we tested if cholinesterase could serve as a biomarker for hepatic encephalopathy by comparing serum cholinesterase activities among 48 different types of human diseases.Methods: The activity of serum cholinesterase was determined by the standard “continuous monitoring method” in the clinical laboratory of the hospital where the serum cholinesterase activities from 137,305 independent tests with 48 clinically defined diseases and 3,387 independent tests from healthy individuals who came to the hospital for physical examination during the past 5 years were retrieved. All data were analyzed with RStudio V.1. 3.1073 and python libraries 3.8. Results: We found that all 48 types of diseases had decreased cholinesterase activity compared to control based on either mean or median values. Remarkably, hepatic encephalopathy had the lowest cholinesterase activity and the serum cholinesterase activity was the best biomarker for hepatic encephalopathy (AUC 0.99, sensitivity 100%, and specificity 99%) among all diseases. Moreover, two component analysis of cholinesterase activity distributions revealed hepatic encephalopathy resembled preeclampsia and uremia whereas cirrhosis resembled multiple myeloma, leukemia, myeloproliferative disorder, and liver cancer.Conclusions: Decreased cholinesterase activity was an almost perfect serum biomarker for patients suffering hepatic encephalopathy at all stages. The resemblance of hepatic encephalopathy to preeclampsia and uremia based on cholinesterase activities provided new insight in understanding hepatic encephalopathy etiology beyond liver failure.
Fog Computing: A Review of Architecture, Applications and Challenges

Emerging technologies such as Internet-of-Things (IoT) produce data in huge amounts and this data is known as big data. Cloud computing is a technology applied to process this data but it consumes more time. IoT applications have features like scalability and on-demand services. So, it is hard to address the issues related to real-time applications. To resolve these problems, fog computing was introduced. Fog layer exists in between cloud and edge devices. Fog computing has evolved as an emerging technology to provide better services to the users of Data Centres in Cloud computing. In this paper, the concepts of fog computing have been reviewed, discussed elaborately on different architectures, applications, challenges, security issues and open research problems in fog computing.
Pembuatan Aplikasi Android dengan Cepat Menggunakan Ispring untuk Menunjang Pembelajaran Secara Daring

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pembuatan aplikasi android menggunakan iSpring sebagai alternatif desain dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran daring. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode Library Research atau Kajian Kepustakaan. Ispring Presenter merupakan salah satu tool yang mengubah file presentasi yang kompatibel dengan Power Point untuk menjadikan bentuk Flash. Pembelajaran e-learning mengguakan iSpring membantu peserta didik dalam memanfaatkan teknologi dengan cerdas. Proses pembelajaran menggunakan iSpring, akan membantu peserta didik belajar sesuai dengan gaya belajar setiap peserta didik serta mendapatkan kebebasan saat belajar tampa keterbatasan waktu dan lokasi. Proses belajar mengajar lebih menarik, sehingga dapat memotivasi dan materi yang disampaikan dalam desain aplikasi iSpring lebih dapat dipahami. Kata kunci: ispring, media pembelajaran, teknologi This study aims to determine the making of android applications using iSpring as an alternative design in making online learning media. This research method uses the Library Research method or literature review. Ispring Presenter is a tool that converts PowerPoint compatible presentation files to Flash format. E-learning learning using iSpring helps students to use technology smartly. The learning process using iSpring, will help students learn in accordance with the learning style of each student and get freedom when learning without the limitations of time and location. The teaching and learning process is more interesting, so that it can motivate and the material presented in the iSpring application design is more understandable. Keywords: ispring, learning media, technology
Identification and Prevention of Microbial Contamination in Tissue Culture of Catharanthus roseus - An Important Medicinal Herb

The explants of two varities rosea and alba of Catharanthus roseus used for in vitro propagation and found to be more than 50% of the cultures became contaminated. The most common bacterial contaminants were Bacillus licheniformis, Micrococcus, Panibacillus and fungal contaminants were Fusarium, Alternaria, Cladosporium and Aspergillus. Combinations of different antibiotics (Penicillin, norfloxacin, tobramycin, gatifloxacin, ofloxacin) and fungicides (Bavastin, captan, fluconazole and trichoderma) were used to control the growth of the contaminants. Gatifloxacin and ofloxacin inhibited 100% growth of bacteria whereas, bavastin and captan appeared to be the most effective fungicides. Combination of gatifloxacin, ofloxacin with bavastin and captan inhibited the growth of contaminants at their minimum phytotoxic concentration (MIC). The observed minimum phytotoxic concentration (MPC) of ofloxacin, gatifloxacin, bavastin and captan was 15, 9, 6 and 5% at their respective MIC. More than 90% of the cultures responded for callus formation in the combination of gatifloxacin (4%) + bavastin (1%). While the combination of gatifloxacin and captan was highly toxic that reduces the growth of the culture. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(2): 297-305, 2020 (December)
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of Ag/ZnO Nanoparticles

Ag/ZnO nanoparticles with different Ag concentrations were fabricated through sol-gel method under 500 °C for 60 min with a heating rate 5 °C·min-1. The phase, the crystallographic structure and the surface topography of the Ag/ZnO nanoparticles were charactered by XRD and SEM. The antibacterial activities of the Ag/ZnO nanoparticles were performed by disc diffusion method. The results indicate that the as-prepared Ag/ZnO nanoparticles display great antibacterial activity than ZnO nanoparticle without Ag doping. And Ag/ZnO nanoparticles with 5 mol% Ag concentration show more excellent antibacterial activity toward S.aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa with diameters zones of inhibition 21.7, 18.5, 18.4 and 17.8 mm than other Ag/ZnO nanoparticles. And the mechanism of ZnO antibacterial activity is discussed.
Heteromerization As a Mechanism Modulating the Affinity of the ACE2 Receptor to the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) is primarily involved in the maturation of angiotensin. It also represents the main receptor for the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused the serious epidemics COVID-19. Available evidence indicates that at the cell membrane ACE2 can form heteromeric complexes with other membrane proteins, including the amino acid transporter B0AT1 and G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR). It is well known that during the formation of quaternary structures, the configuration of each single monomer is re-shaped by its interaction pattern in the macromolecular complex. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that the affinity of ACE2 to the viral receptor binding domain (RBD), when in a heteromeric complex, may depend on the associated partner. By using established docking and molecular dynamics procedures, the reshaping of monomer was explored in silico to predict possible heterodimeric structures between ACE2 and GPCR, such as angiotensin and bradykinin receptors. The associated possible changes in binding affinity between the viral RBD and ACE2 when in the heteromeric complexes were also estimated. The results provided support to the hypothesis that the heteromerization state of ACE2 may modulate its affinity to the viral RBD. If experimentally confirmed, ACE2 heteromerization may contribute to explain the observed differences in susceptibility to virus infection among individuals and to devise new therapeutic opportunities.
Oscillating water column wave energy conversion device response spectra

The objective of the present work is to serve as a practical addendum to the discrete parameter Oscillating Water Column (OWC) Wave Energy Conversion (WEC) device model proposed by Folley and Whittaker [1] at the 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. In particular, a method for the interpretation of their discrete parameter model is presented, consisting of a translation from the tuning and air compressibility parameter map reported to a response spectrum representation. In this more commonly encountered form the model is more readily physically interpreted for design and analysis application.
Kinematic Analysis of the ABB IRB 1520 Industrial Robot Using RoboAnalyzer Software

Robots are extensively used in various industries in manufacturing sector for different operations consistently. Some robots are having simulation software for offline programming, but few other robots do not provide this facility for the purpose of analysis. Various parameters and characteristics of robot are important to understand for obtaining its better performance. The inverse and forward kinematics is important to understand the dynamics of the robot required for the design and control. Therefore, RoboAnalyzer software is used to visualize the robot kinematics in simulated environment prior to executing the actual motion of the robot. In the present study a mathematical model for forward kinematics of ABB IRB1520 industrial robot is developed and the results are verified by using RoboAnalyzer. The forward kinematics equation is written using Denavit-Hartenberg analysis (D-H). Both the geometrical and the analytical methods are used to solve the problem of inverse kinematics. It calculates the required joint angles (θ1 to θ6). The proposed method in this paper is generic in nature, and can be applied to carry out kinematic analyses of any robot manipulator.
Preparation and Thermal Characterization of Three Different Series of Novel Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes/Polystyrene Nanocomposites

ABSTRACT The resistance to the thermal degradation of some polystyrene (PS)-based nanocomposites, loaded with 5% w/w of one of nine novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) of general formula R7R’(SiO1.5)8, where R = isobutyl, cyclopentyl, or phenyl and R’ = -(CH2)5-CH3, -(CH2)7-CH3, or -(CH2)9-CH3, was studied in both inert (flowing nitrogen) and oxidative (static air) atmospheres. Nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization of styrene in the presence of the appropriate POSS and were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg), and by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, to determine the actual filler content which, in all cases, was slightly higher than in the starting mixtures. Nanocomposites were degraded in a thermobalance, in both selected atmospheres, in the 25–700°C temperature range with the formation of small quantities of solid residue at 700°C. The temperatures of 5% mass loss (T5%) were determined to evaluate the resistance to the thermal degradation; the results were higher than for PS. The data obtained were then compared with each other in order to verify if and how much the nature of R and R’ can influence the thermal stability of the corresponding nanocomposites.
Elastic solutions based on the Mori-Tanaka scheme for pressurized functionally graded cylinder

In this paper, an elastic analysis of a thick-walled functionally graded cylinder subjected to internal pressure is examined. Material properties for the isotropic material are estimated to obey the Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme through the thickness. The resulting two-point irregular boundary value problem is solved by the pseudospectral Chebyshev method that converts the boundary value problem to the system of equations, which can be solved by any appropriate decomposition method. Benchmark solutions are used to validate the method. The effect of the arbitrarily chosen volume fraction index is demonstrated for stress and displacement distributions. The effective stresses for different inner radius and volume fraction index are also discussed.
Improving Performance of Heifer Buffalos Fed with Urea-treated Rice Straw Ensiled with Cassava Pulp Supplemented with Concentrates

The objectives of this research were the optimalization of production and reproduction of buffalo heifers through improving feed quality based on rice straw. Twelve heifer buffaloes with body weight of 243 – 350 kg were kept in individual cages and grouped to four. Each groups were randomized to receive three treatments of A, B and C according to Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). A was buffalo fed only rice straw. B was buffalo fed rice straw supplemented with concentrate with a dry matter ratio of 70:30. C was similar to B but the rice straw was ammoniated using urea of 4% ensiled with 8% of cassava pulp. In-Vitro test was conducted to measure rumen fermentation product. The results showed the highest of DM and OM digestibility was achieved at C treatment, while the lowest was found at A treatment. Rumen fermentation produsts and its efficiency were the highest in C treatment. In-vivo result showed that ADG of C was higher than that of B and A. Reproductive performance characterized by frequency oestrus for 123 days were an average of 2.5, 2.8 and 4.5 times for A, B and C, respectively. The highest blood metabolite of glucose, urea and erytrocyt was found at C but the leucocyt was lowest compared to A and B. Urea treated rice straw ensiled with cassava pulp and supplemented with concentrate can improve production and reproduction performance of heifer buffaloes.
Design of IoT Based Object Tracking System for Identifying the RSS Value Access Point to Trilaterate the Location

In an expansive environment, due to continuous change of location of objects, tracking a moving object is a challenging task, in intelligent IoT service provisioned. Tracking of objects indoors using conventional methods like GPS can give out signals not as accurately as we get outside due to the signal attenuation, thus GPS gets poor results, moreover, the inclusion of other effective positioning modules increases the overall cost of production of the device. Nowadays, Wi-Fi networks are prevalent in most public buildings and do not require any additional infrastructure, so we have come with an idea of this is that we could propose an efficient and reliable Wi-Fi-real time tracking system with help access points and signals strength. We are using a combination of two approaches where the first one uses pre-recorded received signal strengths. From the access points, and data is transmitted from the user on the move. It is known as the fingerprinting method. The second approach is trilateration from the known access points coordinates from the user’s device to find the position. The combination of these steps improves the accuracy of the user position in an indoor environment. The experiments presented in this research helps us understand and provide the source of a foundation for the indoor/outdoor positioning.
Compatibility and viscosity of polycarbonate-poly(methyl methacrylate) blend

The compatibility of components in the PC (M w = 2.5 x 10 4 )-PMMA (M w = 1.5 x 104, 7.4 x 104, 30 x 10 4 ) blend at a temperature above the T g of PC was studied by the microinterference method. The constructed phase diagrams are shown to contain an UCST. For the PC-PMMA system (M w = 1.5 x 104), the kinetics of diffusion mixing and viscosity properties (at T = 240°C) were characterized at different points of the phase diagram. The corresponding dependence of viscosity on composition shows a local minimum near a binodal at a higher content of PC.
FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF BIRDS’ BLOOD LEUKOCYTES

The present research was carried out in an attempt to identify the problems associated with the morphofunctional analysis of vertebrate animal’s leukocyte blood cells. For this blood samples of four age groups chickens (Gallus gallus L.) were collected and analysis was carried out as per the recommendations of the International Council for Standardization in Hematology for the identifying morpho-physiological characteristics of leukocytes of peripheral blood of birds. Results of the current study were based on the sample of early postnatal ontogenesis based on the analysis of high-resolution color microphotographs taken by the method of light-optical microscopy. Results of the current study revealed that the cells have the well-designed of all granular leukocytes typical "eosinophilic" nucleus with two segments. Sometimes cells contain polysegmental nuclei that are eccentrically located. Further, in contrast to heterophils, the eosinophilic nucleus has well-expressed contours, formed by irregularly shaped chromatin blocks with an optically denser structure. There are also eosinophils with stick-nuclei. The smallest blood granulocytes of the birds are basophils. Basophils differ in structure slightly basophilic color cytoplasm with intensively basophilic granules of rounded or other forms of different size. The sizes of granules in basophils are smaller than the other types of granular leukocytes. Thus, based on the analysis of qualitative color microphotographs of white blood cells of chickens of neonatal ontogenesis performed by optical microscopy, the differential morpho-physiological markers of leukocytic cells of peripheral blood of birds were marked and characterized.
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of essential oil from Swietenia mahagoni seeds

Swietenia mahagoni (Mahogany) is a traditional plant that is rich with bioactive compounds. In this study, process parameters such as particle size, extraction time, solvent flowrate, temperature and pressure were studied on the extraction of essential oil from Swietenia mahagoni seeds by using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction. Swietenia mahagoni seeds was extracted at a pressure of 20-30 MPa and a temperature of 40-60°C. The effect of particle size on overall extraction of essential oil was done at 30 MPa and 50°C while the extraction time of essential oil at various temperatures and at a constant pressure of 30 MPa was studied. Meanwhile, the effect of flowrate CO2 was determined at the flowrate of 2, 3 and 4 ml/min. From the experimental data, the extraction time of 120 minutes, particle size of 0.5 mm, the flowrate of CO2 of 4 ml/min, at a pressure of 30 MPa and the temperature of 60°C were the best conditions to obtain the highest yield of essential oil.
A Study on Development of Instant Kodo Dosa Mix and Evaluation of Its Nutritional Composition and Shelf Life

Millets are nutritious crops and possesses various health benefits. Dietary fibre in millets helps to lower blood glucose level and helps to manage diabetes. Fibre binds to cholesterol and hinders its absorption, thus it helps to protect from heart diseases. Incomplete or slow fermentation of millets by micro flora in the colon, promotes normal laxation which prevents constipation, diverticulosis and diverticulitis (Mounika et al., 2017).
High step‐up interleaved zero‐voltage transition DC–DC converter with coupled inductors

A high step-up DC–DC converter which is applied to a voltage lift capacitor and coupled inductors to increase the voltage gain is proposed in this study. Moreover, the interleaved structure is applied in the converter to decrease the input ripple current. Besides, the voltage stress across the main and auxiliary switches is low. Furthermore, all switches and diodes have the soft-switching condition by using an active clamp auxiliary cell. Consequently, the proposed converter has a high efficiency which is ideal for photovoltaic applications. Energy stored in the coupled inductors is transferred to the voltage lift capacitors and then transmitted to the output. Therefore, no voltage spikes caused by leakage inductors are created on the main switches. The converter operates in continuous current mode and its control remains in pulse width modulation. A 210 W laboratory prototype of the converter with 40 V input voltage and 420 V output voltage under 100 kHz switching frequency is constructed and experimental results confirm the theoretical analysis. Low voltage stress, low input ripple current and high efficiency (96.5%) show the superiority in the operation of the proposed converter in comparison with other similar structures.
Transcultural adaptation and validation of the instrument Parental Health Literacy Activities Test (PHLAT)

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi realizar a tradução, a adaptação cultural e a validação psicométrica do instrumento Parental Health Literacy Activities Test (PHLAT), que avalia o letramento em saúde para cuidadores/familiares que buscam atendimento às suas crianças menores de 1 ano na unidade de atenção primária. Estudo metodológico, quantitativo, de validação e adaptação transcultural de instrumento, seguindo as etapas de tradução, retrotradução, análise por comitê de juízes, aplicação de testes estatísticos para avaliação das propriedades psicométricas, obtendo-se sua versão para o português do Brasil. O pré-teste foi realizado com 31 familiares, e o teste/reteste, com 93, em unidades de atenção primária do município do Oeste do Paraná, em 2018 e 2019. Análise estatística inferencial foi aplicada para verificar a validade e a confiabilidade do instrumento. Na validade de conteúdo com comitê de juízes, obteve-se taxa de concordância de 100%. Os dados na fase de pré-teste apresentaram coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach de 0,73; e na etapa do teste/reteste, obteve-se 0,69. A avaliação da confiabilidade pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse foi de 0,865, considerada substancial. O instrumento foi tido como adequado quanto a sua adaptação cultural e validado para o português do Brasil, confiável para a aplicação entre cuidadores/familiares.
Item response theory and its applications in educational measurement Part II: Theory and practices of test equating in item response theory

Item response theory (IRT) is a class of latent variable models, which are used to develop educational and psychological tests (e.g., standardized tests, personality tests, tests for licensure and certification). We offer readers with comprehensive overviews of the theory and applications of IRT through two articles. While Part 1 of the review discusses topics such as foundations of educational measurement, IRT models, item parameter estimation, and applications of IRT with R, this Part 2 reviews areas of test scores based on IRT. The primary focus is on presenting various topics with respect to test equating such as equating designs, IRT‐based equating methods, anchor stability check methods, and impact data analysis that psychometricians would deal with for a large‐scale standardized assessment in practice. These analyses are illustrated in Example section using data from Kolen and Brennan (2014). We also cover the foundation of IRT, IRT‐based person ability parameter estimation methods, and scaling and scale score.