Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Little Genetic Differentiation Within the Dominant Forest Tree, Eucalyptus marginata (Myrtaceae) of South-Western Australia

Summary Genetic diversity in the continuously distributed Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith from south-western Australia was investigated using nuclear RFLP loci. Diversity was assessed in 15 populations from across the range of E. marginata, including the three morphologically recognised subspecies, and one population of the closely related E. staeri. Moderate levels of genetic diversity (HT = 0.345) were detected in Eucalyptus marginata but there was little genetic structure and low differentiation between populations (θ = 0.034). Isolation by distance was observed, but there was differing influence of gene flow and drift over different spatial scales. There was no genetic support for the recognition of three subspecies, or the informal division of northern and southern forms recognised by foresters. Some populations showed a high fixation index most likely due to neighbourhood structure within populations. The lack of genetic structure and low population differentiation indicates that collection of germplasm for rehabilitation of forest sites following mining or Phythophthora cinnamomi infection, may be made at a regional scale.
Factors Affecting Knowledge Sharing Capability Of Doctors In Palembang

The need for fast and accurate information about medical practices continues to increase, demanding doctors and hospitals be involved in the knowledge sharing process. This study analyzes the factors that influence the use of ICT (smartphone technology) by doctors and how ICT factors, individuals, and organizations influence the knowledge sharing capability of doctors. Data analysis was conducted on 120 doctors from three hospitals in Palembang City. The results of data processing performed indicate a positive influence of usefulness on ICT use; enjoyment helping other, trust, reward system, top management support and ICT use towards knowledge sharing capability.
Nomenclatural Status of the Synonyms of Hyla pardalis Spix, 1824, and Taxonomic Position of Hyla biobeba Bokermann and Sazima, 1974 (Anura: Hylidae)

Abstract The nomenclatural status of the synonyms of Hyla pardalis Spix, 1824, is reevaluated, the synonymy of Hyla (Lophopus) corticalis Burmeister, 1856, is supported, and Hyla rubropunctata Lutz, 1973 (nomen nudum), is synonymized with H. pardalis. Hyla lundii Burmeister, 1856, previously in the synonymy of H. pardalis, is revalidated. Hyla pustulosa Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862, and Hyllela punctatissima Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862, previously synonyms of H. pardalis, are transferred to the synonymy of H. lundii. Hyla biobeba Bokermann and Sazima, 1974, is synonymized with H. lundii. Diagnoses and comparisons with the members of the Hyla boans species group are provided for H. pardalis and H. lundii, and their geographical distributions are described. The type locality of H. pardalis is discussed and reallocated.
Coronavirüsün (Covid-19) turizm sektörü üzerindeki ekonomik etkileri

Gunumuzde ekonomik bir olgu olarak her gecen gun onemi artan turizm sektoru, gelir, is ve vergi gelir-lerinin olusturulmasinda, odemeler dengesi problemlerinin hafifletilmesinde onemli bir aractir. Turizm sektorunun talep esnekligi ise oldukca yuksektir. Turizm sektoru diger sektorlere gore politik sorunlar, salgin hastaliklar, ekonomik krizler gibi olaylardan daha hizli etkilenmektedir. Bu baglamda Aralik 2019’da ortaya cikan ve o tarihten bu yana kuresel olarak yayilmaya devam eden Covid-19 virusu, insan sagliginin yani sira turizm sektorunu de olumsuz olarak etkileyen bir olay olarak karsimiza cikmaktadir. Bu calismanin amaci, Covid-19 salgininin turizm sektoru uzerindeki ekonomik etkilerini kavramsal olarak ortaya koymaktir. Calismada oncelikle daha once yasanmis olan krizlerin turizme etkileri uzerinde durulmustur ve ekonomik verilerle Covid 19 virusunun turizme yonelik olasi etkileri degerlendirilmistir. Calisma kapsaminda kontrollu ve saglikli turizm kavrami ortaya konmaktadir. Calisma sonucuna gore, salginin yol acacagi talep soklarinin turizm sektorunde istihdam ve gelir kayiplarina yol acmasi kacinilmaz gorunmektedir.
Responses of milk urea nitrogen content to dietary crude protein level and degradability in lactating Holstein dairy cows

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein level and degrad - ability on milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content. In experiment 1, twelve multiparous lactating cows averaging 176 days in milk were divided according to DIM and milk production into three 4 × 4 Latin squares with four 2-week periods. Cows were fed four diets with different crude protein levels (13.0, 14.0, 15.0, and 16.0%, DM basis) with isocaloric, respectively. Crude protein levels had a low effect on milk yield and composition ( P > 0.05), but a significant effect on MUN content. There were significant differences in the MUN content of cows fed either of the two diets (P 0.05). These results indicated that MUN might be used as a parameter to monitor the change in dietary protein levels.
Influence of thermophilic lactic acid bacteria strains on propionibacteria growth and lactate consumption in an Emmental juice-like medium

Swiss-type cheeses such as Emmental are characterized by the successive development of thermophilic lactic acid bacteria (TLAB) and propionibacteria. The aim of this study was to determine whether the choice of TLAB strain influenced propionibacteria. TLAB and propionibacteria were cultured sequentially under the conditions prevailing in cheese. Firstly, 11 Emmental juice-like media were prepared by fermenting casein-enriched milk with pure or mixed cultures of TLAB (Lactobacillus helveticus, Lb. delbrueckii subsp. lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus), differing in their proteolytic activities. TLAB cells were then removed by microfiltration. Finally, five strains of Propionibacterium freudenreichii were grown on these media at 24°C under anaerobiosis and their growth characteristics and lactate consumption determined. The media mainly differed in their contents of peptides (1·9–5·3 g/kg) and free amino acids (1·0–5·6 g/kg) and the proportions of lactate isomers (42–92% of the L(+) isomer). Propionibacteria were significantly (P<0·05) influenced by TLAB strains (differences in doubling times of up to 20% and differences in lactate consumption after 600 h culture of up to 52%). The influence of TLAB was similar for all the propionibacteria tested, depended on the TLAB strains and could not be generalized to the TLAB species. Propionibacteria were stimulated by high peptide levels, low levels of free amino acids and NaCl, a low proportion of L(+)-lactate and other undetermined factors. However, variations due to TLAB were less than those between propionibacteria strains.
1H NMR‐based metabolomics approach for understanding the fermentation behaviour of Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus licheniformis has been found to be one of the persistent dominant microorganisms in Daqu, which is a traditional fermentation starter, and it has been used to intensify certain strains. To understand the impact of B. licheniformis on Daqu, the fermentation behaviour of B. licheniformis was studied using 1H NMR-based non-targeted analysis and principal component analysis. During the fermentation, 53 compounds were identified. Among them, seven compounds were largely consumed and 17 metabolites were largely accumulated. The macromolecular starch and cellulose were degraded by B. licheniformis, and then utilized to produce acetic acid, lactic acid, propionic acid, succinate acid, etc. Principal component analysis was carried out to study the variations of analytes during the fermentation. Samples collected at each time point could be clearly discriminated and the biomarkers of each time point were defined. A variety of biochemical compounds (such as acetate, ethanol, lactate, pyruvate, malate, maltose and sucrose) were changed during the fermentation of B. licheniformis. The results are useful to reveal how and why B. licheniformis becomes dominant in Daqu, and to reveal its impact on the aroma formation of Daqu and its derived products. Copyright © 2015 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling
The use of fatty acid signatures to study mycelial interactions between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the saprotrophic fungus Fusarium culmorum in root-free soil

The saprotrophic fungus Fusarium culmorum, Penicillium hordei, Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma harzianum and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices were examined for content of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and neutral lipid fatty acids (NLFA). The AM fungus differed from the saprotrophic fungi especially by its content of the fatty acid 16:1ω5 which was absent in the saprotrophs. The fatty acid 18:2ω6,9 was the dominant fatty acid of the saprotrophic fungi while it was negligible in mycelium of G. intraradices. Specificity in content of fatty acids made it possible to quantify G. intraradices. and F. culmorum simultaneously in soil. Furthermore, a compartmented growth system made it possible to study mycelial interactions in the absence of roots. We measured hyphal spread of both fungi, hyphal 33P transport of G. intraradices and sporulation of F. culmorum. The two fungi did not interact according to the parameters used in this study. We conclude that fatty acid signatures may be a valuable tool when studying interactions between AM fungi and other fungi in root-free soil.
Biometrics of Ruffs Philomachus pugnax migrating in spring through southern Belarus with special emphasis on the occurrence of ‘faeders’

In spring, the Ruff Philomachus pugnax passes through European inland sites in large numbers. Birds from eastern and western parts of the breeding range may differ in biometrics, but data on this species in eastern Europe are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the biometrics of Ruffs migrating through southern Belarus in spring. In 2004, 242 birds were sexed by DNA analysis. Three birds sexed as males had female plumage but wing lengths intermediate between females and breeding‐plumage males, and were identified as cryptic males or ‘faeders’. Between 2001 and 2005, 2,237 Ruffs were ringed at the study site (1,310 males in breeding plumage, 911 females and 14 faeders). There was a strong seasonal variation in sex ratio. For adult Ruffs wing length was the best predictor of sex. Total head length and tarsusplus‐toe length distributions overlapped slightly between the sexes. There was evidence for slight bimodality in the distributions of wing, bill and tarsus‐plus‐toe length in non‐faeder males and in wing and bill length distributions for females. Mean wing lengths of Ruffs passing through the Belarus study site were similar to those birds from other locations in Europe and North Africa, but different from birds from South Africa, Yamal and the middle Lena River, suggesting that Ruffs have at least two different breeding populations.
Trace element signatures in otoliths record natal river of juvenile American shad (Alosa sapidissima)

The elemental composition of fish otoliths may represent a permanent record of the environmental conditions an individual has experienced as trace elements, incorporated into the growing surface of the otolith, reflect the physical and chemical characteristics of the ambient water. We tested the utility of trace element signatures in otoliths as natural tags of the river of origin of juvenile American shad (Alosa sapidissima) collected from the Connecticut, Hudson and Delaware Rivers in August and October 1994. Four elements (K, Mn, Sr, and Ba) showed significant variability among sites within rivers in August, although only Mg showed a significant site effect by October. Four elements (Mg, Mn, Sr, and Ba) differed significantly among rivers in both months. Linear discriminant functions based on the trace element signatures classified fish to their natal river with ~90% accuracy in both August and October collections. The discriminant function generated from the August data was able to classify fish collected in October successfully with better than 80% accuracy. On the basis of our findings, the river of origin of adult fish could be accurately determined by quantifying the trace element composition of the juvenile portion of their otoliths.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES (Int. J. of Pharm. Life Sci.) Some studies on the Selection of Forage pea (Pisum sativum L.) to increase the Symbiotic nitrogen fixing Potential

The trial was carried out during the period of 2011-2013 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Populations of P1, P2, F2 and F1 of the crosses Shtambovyi х Pleven 10 and Rosacrono х Pleven 4 were investigated. It was found the performance of heterosis effect in regard to characteristics studied in F1 hybrids. Shtambovyi х Pleven 10 showed the highest positive true heterosis in regard to fresh weight of aboveground mass, nodule number and root length. Rosacrono х Pleven 4 shoved the highest positive true heterosis in regard to fresh weight of aboveground mass, seeds weight and fresh root weight. Plants from the two hybrids were the most depressed in F2 in regard to fresh weight of root and aboveground mass. The traits root length, fresh weight of root mass and seeds weight per plant in both crosses inherited positively over dominantly. There were dominated genes determining longer root system and higher dry weight, as well as higher seeds weight. As a result of prevailing negative epistatic interactions to reduce the degree of phenotypic expression of these characteristics in comparison to their full additive inheritance can be expected. Positively correlation interactions between specific nodulating ability and nodule weight per plant (r=0.957), and root length and fresh root weight (0.858) were found. Fresh root weight and root length had a maximal direct effect on fresh mass and grain productivity. The mass selection for seed weight, nodule weight, aboveground fresh weight and nodule number could start in F2-F3 for Shtambovyi х Pleven 10. For Rosacrono х Pleven 4 the mass selection for phenotype of the characteristics studied will be more effective if started as early as in F6-F7 or by multiple individual selection applying.
Identification of 10 Polymorphic Loci in the Yellow Mongoose Through Cross-Species Amplification

The yellow mongoose (Cynictis penicillata) is a facultatively social species and provides an opportunity to study the evolution of social behaviour through examination of populations within the species, as well as comparison with obligatorily social species of mongooses. I Identified 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers in the yellow mongoose through cross-species amplification that allow sociogenetic studies to be carried out. Most of these loci showed higher levels of polymorphism and heterozygosity in the yellow mongoose samples screened than in the species in which these microsatellites were originally characterized.
Fungal Population in the Root Region of Cassava Cultivar TMS 30572

The physicochemical and mycological characteristics of soils cultivated with cassava cultivar TMS 30572 was studied. The pH, moisture content, organic matter content and the water holding capacity of the soil prior to cultivation of cassava cultivar TMS 30572 were 5.97, 4.3%, 11.57% and 0.23ml/g respectively. The soil texture of the experimental plot prior to planting was sand. The physicochemical parameters of the non-rhizosphere soils as the plant aged had range of 5.01- 6.74 for pH; 0.26 - 8.80% for moisture content; 0.26 - 10.8% for organic matter content; 0.21 - 0.33ml/g for water holding capacity. The corresponding values for the rhizosphere soils were 4.95 - 6.66 for pH; 0.50 - 9.60% for moisture content; 0.34 - 11.2% for organic matter and 0.24 - 0.36ml/g for water holding capacity. There was gradual reduction in the amount of soil organic matter due to cultivation while the water retention capacity of the soil showed improvement. The soil pH and moisture content fluctuate from time to time. The fungal load of the experimental plot prior to planting had mean value of 6.0 x 10 cfu/g. However, the fungal population in the non-rhizosphere soils, rhizosphere soils and rhizoplane 4 had range of 9 x 10 - 9.5 x 10 cfu/g, 1.0 x 10 - 4.6 x 10 cfu/g and 7.0 x 10 - 1.5 x 10 cfu/g respectively. The fungal 23 3 3 24 population varied with the season of the year. Cassava cultivation had led to reduction in the overall fungal population from 6.0 x 10 cfu/g obtained on the soil prior to planting to the highest value of 1.5 x 10 cfu/g 44 obtained on the rhizoplane. The genera of fungi isolated included: Aspergillus, Brettanomyces, Botrytis, Byssochamys, Doratomyces, Geotrichum, Gliocladium, Moniliella, Mucor, Monascus, Neurospora, Oidiodendron,Penicillium, Papulospora, Piricularia, Rhodotorula, Rhizopus, Saccharomyces, Cladosporium, Humicola, Trichoderma, Ustilago, Acremonium and Trichophyton. It can be concluded that though the cultivation of cassava cultivar TMS 30572 has led to reduction of fungal population in the soil, other benefits such as improvement in soil pH, water holding capacity, inhibition of some genera which could be pathogenic, stimulation of some fungal species and increase in diversity of fungal species had occurred.
Spontaneous internalization of Class I major histocompatibility complex molecules in T lymphoid cells

A low proportion of T lymphocytes in normal mouse spleen contains small intracytoplasmic vesicles showing Class I MHC molecules. After stimulation in vitro in a mixed lymphocyte reaction or by addition of Con A, the proportion of T cells with such intracytoplasmic vesicles increases progressively and becomes the majority. Labeling with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies has shown that the vesicles are formed by internalization of molecules from the plasma membrane. The process is spontaneous and does not require cross-linking by antibodies or other ligands; it is selective inasmuch as other molecules (Thy-1 and T200 antigens) are not included and it is specific since it is not performed by other cells such as B lymphoid cells or fibroblasts. On the whole the process shows similarities with the internalization and recycling of other receptors, such as the receptors for different macromolecules of metabolic or informational significance, as seen in other cells. On the other hand, the specificity of Class I MHC mobilization in T lymphoid cells suggest a role for this process which is related to the immune function of these molecules.
Coherent MU-MIMO in Block Fading Channels: A Finite Blocklength Analysis

This paper investigates the maximum coding rate of the multiple-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MU-MIMO) uplink in coherent block-fading channels and with finite blocklength. The backoff of the maximum coding rate from the capacity caused by finite blocklength is precisely characterized by a parameter, called the channel dispersion. In particular, we derive exact analytical and approximation results for a large number of the base station (BS) antennas. By analyzing these results, we observe that even when considering the channel dispersion, the maximum coding rate still increases with respect to the number of BS antennas, whilst the SNR for each user can also improve the performance to a ceiling limited by the inter-user interference. Fast channel dynamics (shorter coherence time) and high diversity gain (large number of blocks) are beneficial for the maximum coding rate under finite blocklength and coherent setting. Moreover, to obtain a certain fraction of the capacity with fixed error probability, the minimum required blocklength (delay) can be reduced by increasing the number of BS antennas. We also show that the channel dispersion will converge to a constant while the minimum required blocklength can approach to zero with massive number of the BS antennas. Hence, from a theoretical viewpoint, deploying a large number of the BS antennas is beneficial for low latency communications.
Effects of Pre-slaughter Fasting and Chiller Ageing on Objective Meat Quality in Longissimus Dorsi, Biceps Femoris, and Triceps Brachii Muscles of Korean Native Black Pigs

Korean native black pig comprises approx-imately 0.74% of a total of 9.19 million pigs inKorea(Korean Ministry of Agriculture and Forest,2003). However, Korean native pork(KNP) is oneof the most in demand meats, because it has aparticular high redness and chewiness comparedwith commercial landrace(Jin et al., 2001). Thebiological basis for these characteristics has yetto be known, but Kim et al. (2001a) reportedthat genetic component could be a factor.Interaction between declines in pH andtemperature during the onset of rigor is a centraldeterminant of pork quality, as it has a directinfluence on protein denaturation and myofibrillar
Microwave heating as an alternative lifting method for the heavy oil deposits

In providing solution for lifting the viscous oil which is immensely concerned in mature field, thermal recovery is commonly applied to recover the oil with API gravities approximately 20 0API by using steam injection and in situ combustion. It had been the way out to lower enough the viscosity so that the oil would flow toward more effortless than the viscous one for the recent times. Applying electromagnetic microwave to heat up the reservoir can overcome the depth limitation which is often found in conventional thermal recovery methods. This method uses the Nano-ferro fluid as a stimulant that conveniently radiate heat in a reservoir. It is important to analyse the brine formation in affecting the optimization of thermal period while the Nano-ferro fluid being directly introduced to formation fluid. Therefore, NaCl solution becomes variable which was used to represent brine formation in investigating the heating time of saturated artificial cores. Meanwhile optimal concentration of Nano-ferro had been recognized. The microwave was also varied in sequence of power, 378-Watt, 468-Watt, 657-Watt, 792 Watt, and 900 Watt. For example, applying 50,000 ppm, 100,000 ppm, and 350,000 ppm in performing investigation that would give significant performance while thermal process. When 657 Watt was set to heat up the compartment contained artificial core, the temperature could reach up to 90 °C in 110 seconds, 82 seconds, and 54 seconds consecutively from low to high NaCl solution. In that way, the sensitivity of this variable was proved that NaCl solution greatly affect the temperature increment in times. Furthermore, this research can be considerable study in finding out the behaviour of formation fluid which contribute in optimizing for Nano-ferro fluid thermal recovery.
Thrips tabaci and tomato spotted wilt virus: inheritance of vector competence

Populations of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were shown to differ significantly in their ability to transmit an isolate of tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus: Bunyaviridae) (TSWV) collected from potato [Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanaceae)]. To gain an understanding of the basis for this variation, we generated reciprocal crosses between an efficient and an inefficient transmitting population. The resulting F1 progeny and progeny from the parental populations were tested for their ability to transmit TSWV. Our results indicate that the ability to transmit TSWV efficiently by T. tabaci is inherited as a recessive trait.