Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generation of Web Image Database Based on Hybrid Noise Removal Method of Visual and Semantic Features

Imagedatabase is one of the important research topics in image recognition. A manual collection of images would causes biased collection and a lot of human efforts. Huge image database where varied and many unbiased objects are stored is required for the image learning. Recent researches for image database try to automatically/semiautomatically generate image database. Here, it is important to remove noise images and this paper proposes an automatic generation method of the Web image database. The proposed method uses noise image removal by visual feature and semantic feature in a hybrid. However, which type of features, and how to combine the two types of feature are not clear and should be investigated. In this paper, six kinds of noise image detection method are prepared: The method using visual feature, the method using semantic feature, two methods using both features in parallel and two methods using both features in serial. Through the comparison in experiments, it was confirmed that the method using both visual and semantic features in parallel focusing on noise images showed over 82% Precision values ,76% Recall values and 77% Fmeasure values in average. Also, the usability of the generated database for image recognition was confirmed through the experiments; It was equal to or higher than the human-made database. It was confirmed that the proposed method constructed precise image database full-automatically.
Mobile MPLS-TP - Support the mobility of terminal devices

MPLS architecture for transport networks play the significant role in the development of next generation networks, in particular with regard to the guarantee of continuity of communications "end-to-end" through a variety of heterogeneous segments of the telecommunications network. The article presents the concept of Mobile MPLS-TP with the use of OAM channels to support the mobility of users and optimize "Handoff" procedure in a hierarchical network topology.
SC-TPDP Protocol to secure Multi-Cloud Storage from XSS Attacks

Cloud computing are in demand for various technical needs. The way the data processing is done to reach cloud servers and the way of making the service protective and free form XSS Attack determines the success. The objective of this study is to design a method which can moderate XSS attacks. Methodology: The integrity testing protocol must be efficient in order to save the cost. From these two points, the proposed secure cloud transmission protocol SC-TPDP is developed and designed which moderates XSS attacks. This framework design facts will help in increasing a secure protocol for the customers who are using cloud computing technologies over unconfident internet. Remote data reliability testing model: SC-TPDP (Secure Cloud Transmission provable data Possession) in multi-cloud storage. Based on the bilinear pairings, a SC-TPDP protocol is designed. Findings/Improvements: The proposed SC-TPDP protocol is provably secure under the efficient of the Blowfish Algorithm. In addition to the advantage of removal of certificate management, the SC-TPDP protocol is also efficient and flexible. Based on the client's authorization, the proposed SC-TPDP protocol can recognize private verification, delegated verification, public verification and tracking attackers/hackers from client authorization. Application: The SC-TPDP protocol focuses on securing cloud provable data possession in multi-cloud storage from XSS attack. This protocol is secure and minimizes the attacker's entry, thus protecting cloud end user from XSS attack.
Behavioural Model Fusion

In large-scale model-based development, developers periodically need to combine collections of interrelated models. These models may capture different features of a system, describe alternative perspectives on a single feature, or express ways in which different features alter one another’s structure or behaviour. We refer to the process of combining a set of interrelated models as model fusion. A number of factors make model fusion complicated. Models may overlap, in that they refer to the same concepts, but these concepts may be presented differently in each model, and the models may contradict one another. Models may describe independent system components, but the components may interact, potentially causing undesirable side effects. Finally, models may cross-cut, modifying one another in ways that violate their syntactic or semantic properties. In this thesis, we study three instances of the fusion problem for behavioural models, motivated by real-world applications. The first problem is combining partial models of a single feature with the goal of creating a more complete description of that feature. The second problem is maintenance of variant specifications of individual features. The goal here is to combine the variants while preserving their points of difference (i.e., variabilities). The third problem is analysis of interactions between models describing different features. Specifically, given a set of features, the goal is to construct a composition such that undesirable interactions are absent. We provide an automated tool-supported solution to each of these problems and evaluate our solutions. The main novelties of the techniques presented in this thesis are (1) preservation of semantics during the fusion process, and (2) applicability to large and evolving collections of models. These are made possible by explicit modelling of partiality, variability and regularity in behavioural models, and providing semantic-preserving notions for relating these models.
Some New Aspects of the Joint Effect of Rotation and Topography on Internal Solitary Waves

Using a recently developed asymptotic theory of internal solitary wave propagation over a sloping bottom in a rotating ocean, some new qualitative and quantitative features of this process are analyzed for internal waves in a two-layer ocean. The interplay between different singularities—terminal damping due to radiation and disappearing quadratic nonlinearity, and reaching an “internal beach” (e.g., zero lower-layer depth)—is discussed. Examples of the adiabatic evolution of a single solitary wave over a uniformly sloping bottom under realistic conditions are considered in more detail and compared with numerical solutions of the variable-coefficient, rotation-modified Korteweg–de Vries (rKdV) equation.
Adding Hydrogen to the Isotopic Inventory—Combining δ
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 C, δ
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 N and δ
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 H Stable Isotope Analysis for Palaeodietary Purposes on Archaeological Bone

Few papers using hydrogen stable isotope analysis for human palaeodietary reconstruction purposes have been published and the usefulness of this additional dietary indicator is highlighted here. The hydrogen stable isotope results provide evidence for the continued exploitation of aquatic resources throughout the prehistory of the Limfjord area in Denmark, which is supported by the FRUITS estimates using three (CNH) isotopic proxies. While aquatic dietary input has been identified in Mesolithic and Viking Age individuals before, our results show that this in fact continued throughout the periods in between (Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Age), albeit on a small scale.
Chapter 5. Promoting foreign language collaborative writing through the use of Web 2.0 tools and tasks

This chapter reports on the benefits of embedding chats and wikis, two Web 2.0 social tools, within a module designed to teach the process model of writing with argumentative and expository essays. Sixteen learners enrolled in an advanced Spanish writing course at a mid-sized, east-coast university in the United States completed two three-week essay writing modules working collaboratively in pairs: the first writing piece was in the argumentative genre and the second concerned expository writing. In each module, the same sequence of pedagogic tasks scaffolded the learners through the writing stages of planning, drafting, getting feedback, revising, and publishing. Students were asked to use chats and wikis at specific points during the completion of the modules. Content analysis of the chat and wiki data showed that the synchronous nature of the chats encouraged learners to focus on the content and structure of their writing, while the wikis allowed learners to focus more on localized aspects of text production, such as grammar, fine-tuning of chosen vocabulary, and editing. Comparison of data across the two genres further indicated that while working on the argumentative essay learners focused on syntactic complexity, whereas for the expository essay (completed later in the same semester) learners focused more on accuracy. We conclude that the task-based collaborative approach to teaching process writing, with the mediation of the social tools, allowed learners to construct and reconstruct their content knowledge, to engage with various writing conventions, and to adopt an appropriate, genre-specific language register.
Holocene hydrography evolution in the Alboran Sea: a multi-record and multi-proxy comparison

Abstract. A new high-resolution deglacial and Holocene sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction is presented for the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean), based on Mg∕Ca ratios measured in the planktonic foraminifera Globigerina bulloides. This new record is evaluated by comparison with other Mg∕Ca SST records and previously published alkenone SST reconstructions from the same region for both the Holocene and glacial periods. In all cases there is a high degree of coherence between the different Mg∕Ca SST records but strong discrepancies when compared to the alkenone SST records. We argue that these discrepancies are due to differences in the proxy response during deglaciation which we hypothesize to reflect a resilience strategy of G. bulloides, changing its main growth season, and consequently Mg∕Ca records a shorter deglacial warming than alkenones. In contrast, short-term Holocene SST variability is larger in the Mg∕Ca SST than in the alkenone SST records. We propose that the larger Mg∕Ca SST variability is a result of spring temperatures variability, while the smoothed alkenone SST variability represents averaged annual temperatures. The Mg∕Ca SST record differentiates the Holocene into three periods: (1) the warmest SST values occurred during the Early Holocene (11.7–9 cal. kyr BP), (2) a continuous cooling trend occurred during the Middle Holocene that culminated in the coldest Holocene SST having a double cold peak structure centred at around 4.2 cal. kyr BP, and (3) the Late Holocene (4.2 cal. kyr BP to present) did not follow any clear cooling/warming trend although millennial-scale oscillations were enhanced. This SST evolution is discussed in the context of the changing properties in the Atlantic inflow water associated with North Atlantic circulation conditions and also with local hydrographical and atmospheric changes. We propose that a tight link between North Atlantic circulation patterns and the inflow of surface waters into the Mediterranean played a major role in controlling Holocene climatic variability of this region.
Control of increased sedimentation on orogenic fold-and-thrust belt structure – insights into the evolution of the Western Alps

Abstract. We use two-dimensional thermomechanical models to investigate the potential role of rapid filling of foreland basins in the development of orogenic foreland fold-and-thrust belts. We focus on the extensively studied example of the Western European Alps, where a sudden increase in foreland sedimentation rate during the mid-Oligocene is well documented. Our model results indicate that such an increase in sedimentation rate will temporarily disrupt the formation of an otherwise regular, outward-propagating basement thrust-sheet sequence. The frontal basement thrust active at the time of a sudden increase in sedimentation rate remains active for a longer time and accommodates more shortening than the previous thrusts. As the propagation of deformation into the foreland fold-and-thrust belt is strongly connected to basement deformation, this transient phase appears as a period of slow migration of the distal edge of foreland deformation. The predicted pattern of foreland-basin and basement thrust-front propagation is strikingly similar to that observed in the North Alpine Foreland Basin and provides an explanation for the coeval mid-Oligocene filling of the Swiss Molasse Basin, due to increased sediment input from the Alpine orogen, and a marked decrease in thrust-front propagation rate. We also compare our results to predictions from critical-taper theory, and we conclude that they are broadly consistent even though critical-taper theory cannot be used to predict the timing and location of the formation of new basement thrusts when sedimentation is included. The evolution scenario explored here is common in orogenic foreland basins; hence, our results have broad implications for orogenic belts other than the Western Alps.
Service Clustering by Leveraging a Context-Sensitive Approach

Service technology has gained increasing popularity in recent communication software applied in many domains. With a growing number of services that share same or similar functionalities, clustering services help improve both service composition and mashup creation. To achieve service clustering, utilizing probabilistic topic model to extract and characterize the service description documents as corresponding topics is an available scheme. However, unlike short text in social networks, the descriptions of published services possess higher dimensionality and sparse functional information. With traditional LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) model to implement topic extraction makes topics unclear. To address that challenge, we conduct a context sensitive approach to generate context sensitive vector for merging the words with similar context before loading to LDA model, referred to as CV-LDA (Context Vector LDA). Through F1-Measure of clustering and topic perplexity analysis in the real-world dataset, it is shown that the proposed approach outperforms traditional LDA model in service clustering.
Analyzing Sports Training Data with Machine Learning Techniques

In the sports industry, there has not been enough effort in analyzing the personalized monitoring data of athletes collected during training sessions. This research is an attempt to find meaningful patterns in the Purdue Women’s Soccer training data that could help the coach design more efficient training sessions. We are specifically interested in studying this problem as an unsupervised learning problem. Our initial attempt is to cluster the players as well as drills into groups using k-means and spectral clustering algorithms, combined with feature transformation and reduction steps. These basic algorithms serve as a benchmark to measure performance improvements when suggesting more advanced methods. In spectral clustering, the Gaussian kernel similarity function was used, in which kernel bandwidth and the number of clusters were matched using the eigengap method. The Pearson correlation was used to eliminate highly correlated features, and Principal Components Analysis was used to find mutually orthogonal axes with maximum variance. Three features were eliminated with negligible loss in accuracy. Satisfactorily consistent clusters were identified, where by “consistent”, we mean the clustering results that we get through multiple algorithms. The next step will be to evaluate the quality of the clustering, and perform semi-supervised learning after labelling the clusters.
RESEARCH ON A REINFORCEMENT LEARNING ALGORITHM BASED ON NEURAL NETWORK

BP neural network has been used in nonlinear system controller widely. But as a supervised training algorithm, it requires the input-output pairs to be trained. But in some systems such input-output pairs cannot be received under the optimal control policy. On the other hand, reinforcement learning (RL) learns behavior through trial-and-error interaction with a dynamic environment. It is unsupervised and on-line. This paper provides the RBP model which adapts the BP network to be used in RL. The main idea of RBP is: RL learns optimal policy from the environment and stores the policy into the network. Instead of updating weights instantly, network weights are updated in batch mode periodically. A simple example is used to illustrate the validity of the algorithm.
Review of the use of remote sensing for monitoring wildfire risk conditions to support fire risk assessment in protected areas

Fire risk assessment is one of the most components of the management of fire that offers the framework for monitoring fire risk conditions. Whilst monitoring fire risk conditions commonly revolved around field data, Remote Sensing (RS) play key role in monitoring and quantifying fire risk indicators. This study presents a review of remote sensing data and techniques for fire risk monitoring and assessment with a particular emphasis on its implications for wildfire risk mapping in protected areas. Firstly, we concentrates on RS derived variables employed to quantify both the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence vegetation flammability. Thereafter, an evaluation of the prominent RS platforms such as Broadband, Hyperspectral and Active sensors that have been utilized for wildfire risk assessment Furthermore, we demonstrate the effectiveness in obtaining information that have operational use or immediate potentials for operational application in PA. RS techniques that involve extraction of landscape information from imagery were summarised. A review has concluded that in practices, a fire risk assessment that consider all factors that influence fire ignition and propagation is impossible to establish, however it is imperative to incorporate indicators or variables of very high heterogeneous.
Phytoplankton calcifiers control nitrate cycling and the pace of transition in warming icehouse and cooling greenhouse climates

Abstract. Phytoplankton calcifiers contribute to global carbon cycling through their dual formation of calcium carbonate and particulate organic carbon (POC). The carbonate might provide an efficient export pathway for the associated POC to the deep ocean, reducing the particles' exposure to biological degradation in the upper ocean and increasing the particle settling rate. Previous work has suggested ballasting of POC by carbonate might increase in a warming climate, in spite of increasing carbonate dissolution rates, because calcifiers benefit from the widespread nutrient limitation arising from stratification. We compare the biogeochemical responses of three models containing (1) a single mixed phytoplankton class, (2) additional explicit small phytoplankton and calcifiers, and (3) additional explicit small phytoplankton and calcifiers with a prognostic carbonate ballast model, to two rapid changes in atmospheric CO2. The first CO2 scenario represents a rapid (151-year) transition from a stable icehouse climate (283.9 ppm) into a greenhouse climate (1263 ppm); the second represents a symmetric rapid transition from a stable greenhouse climate into an icehouse climate. We identify a slope change in the global net primary production response with a transition point at about 3.5 ∘C global mean sea surface temperature change in all models, driven by a combination of physical and biological changes. We also find that in both warming and cooling scenarios, the application of a prognostic carbonate ballast model moderates changes in carbon export production, suboxic volume, and nitrate sources and sinks, reducing the long-term model response to about one-third that of the calcifier model without ballast. Explicit small phytoplankton and calcifiers, and carbonate ballasting, increase the physical separation of nitrate sources and sinks through a combination of phytoplankton competition and lengthened remineralization profile, resulting in a significantly higher global nitrate inventory in this model compared to the single phytoplankton type model (15 % and 32 % higher for icehouse and greenhouse climates). Higher nitrate inventory alleviates nitrate limitation, increasing phytoplankton sensitivity to changes in physical limitation factors (light and temperature). This larger sensitivity to physical forcing produces stronger shifts in ocean phosphate storage between icehouse and greenhouse climates. The greenhouse climate is found to hold phosphate and nitrate deeper in the ocean, despite a shorter remineralization length scale than the icehouse climate, because of the longer residence times of the deep water masses. We conclude the global biogeochemical impact of calcifiers extends beyond their role in global carbon cycling, and that the ecological composition of the global ocean can affect how ocean biogeochemistry responds to climate forcing.
Biomarker evidence for the occurrence of anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the eastern Mediterranean Sea during Quaternary and Pliocene sapropel formation

Abstract. The eastern Mediterranean Sea sedimentary record is characterised by intervals of organic-rich sapropel sediments, indicating periods of severe anoxia triggered by astronomical forcing. It has been hypothesised that nitrogen fixation was crucial in injecting the Mediterranean Sea with bioavailable nitrogen (N) during sapropel events. However, the evolution of the N biogeochemical cycle of sapropels is poorly understood. For example, the role of the complementary removal reactions like anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has not been investigated because the traditional lipid biomarkers for anammox, ladderane fatty acids, are not stable over long periods in the sedimentary record. Using an alternative lipid biomarker for anammox, bacteriohopanetetrol stereoisomer (BHT isomer), we present here for the first time N removal throughout the progression, e.g. formation, propagation, and termination, of basin-wide anoxic events. BHT isomer and ladderanes were analysed in sapropel records taken from three eastern Mediterranean sediment cores, spanning S1 to Pliocene sapropels. Ladderanes were rapidly degraded in sediments, as recently as the S5 sapropel. BHT isomer, however, was present in all sapropel sediments, as far back as the Pliocene, and clearly showed the response of anammox bacteria to marine water column redox shifts in high-resolution records. Two different N removal scenarios were observed in Mediterranean sapropels. During S5, anammox experienced Black Sea-type water column conditions, with the peak of BHT isomer coinciding with the core of the sapropel. Under the alternative scenario observed in the Pliocene sapropel, the anammox biomarker peaked at onset and termination of said sapropel, which may indicate sulfide inhibition of anammox during the core of sapropel deposition. This study shows the use of BHT isomer as a biomarker for anammox in the marine sediment record and highlights its potential in reconstructing anammox during past anoxic events that are too old for ladderanes to be applied, e.g. the history of oxygen minimum zone expansion and oceanic anoxic events.
A Methodological Note about the Analysis of the Economic Growth and Environment

Fil: London, Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Bahia Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economia. Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas y Sociales del Sur; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economia; Argentina