Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Equation for epidemic spread with the quarantine measures: application to COVID-19

New equation for infection spread in a finite population is found. Description of the epidemic COVID-19 by days corresponds to the obtained statistical reports and is an important factor for understanding of the spread and prevalence of infectious diseases. The developed model for a free epidemic based on four natural parameters: the size of population, the number of dangerous contacts of one infected person per day, the probability to obtain infection due to dangerous contact and the duration of the disease. The generalization of the obtained equation for the accounting of quarantine measures requires the inclusion of some function of external influence, which is determined phenomenologically on the basis of the official statistical data.
Indonesian humorous status in social media: An application of script-based semantic theory of humour

This paper aims to analyse Indonesian humorous status in social media by applying the Script Semantic Theory of Humour (SSTH) and the parameters called Knowledge Resources (KRs) of the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH). It is conducted by applying a qualitative method since the purpose of this study is primarily to describe and to establish the variation in a situation, phenomenon, problem, or event without quantifying them. The data is taken from Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp account followed by the first writer of this study for eight months. There are 17 statuses to be analysed, in which, seven statuses consist of 21 phrases analysed by applying SSTH theory, while the other 10 statuses consist of 14 phrases as set-up stages, 18 phrases, and three pictures as punchline stages analysed by applying GTVH theory. From the data being displayed, regarding the Superiority theory, it is found that people generally laugh because of other people’s misfortunes, and it emphasizes one’s superiority to the shortcomings of others. The people will laugh at individuals who are inferior or ugly, because they feel happy, and feel superior to them. Based on Release/Relief theory, humorous status also stems from regenerating something painful into something light-hearted. It is an indication of the misfortunate aspects of life. From the Incongruity theory, it is found that humour appears when there is an oddity between the concepts prepared in certain situations and the real events that are thought to be related to the concept. The paper further elaborates the findings and discuss them in detail.
In silico screening of brazilian semiarid compounds to identify potential drugs with glucocorticoid receptor interaction

The glucocorticoid receptor regulates the anti-inflammatory response, and prevents transcription of anti-inflammatory substances such as nuclear factor kB and lipocortin-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF and prostaglandins. Thus, a search for new molecules with potential interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor is an interesting strategy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Virtual screening has proven to be a viable tool for discovering new products at lower cost and practicality. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify and evaluate brazilian semiarid compounds with anti-inflammatory potential with glucocorticoid receptor action through molecular coupling. Protein selection was performed by searching the 3D structure database, Protein Data Bank. A total of 382 semi-arid molecules available in the ZINC database of State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS) were used. Molecular docking was performed using Autodock Vina and as interaction clouds analyzed by the Discovery Studio Visualizer program. Mometasone furoate shows a binding energy of -12.7 Kcal.mol-1. A ZINC 69481862 molecule fits Lipinski and Veber rules, however, the best interaction was the ZINC 69482012 molecule, evidenced by the binding energy -11.2 Kcal.mol-1. Analyses of intermolecular interactions have shown that Van der Waals interactions and electrostatic bonds are crucial for the binding of the molecule at the receptor's active site. It is necessary to test in vitro to verify the viability and toxicity of the potential drug.
Gender at Work Across Nations: Men and Women Working in Male‐Dominated and Female‐Dominated Occupations are Differentially Associated with Agency and Communion

Occupational gender segregation is a worldwide phenomenon. Research from Western regions such as the U.S. and Europe shows that the observation of occupational gender segregation can perpetuate gender stereotypes (social role theory; men are ascribed agentic traits, whereas women are ascribed communal traits). However, predictions from social role theory have not been well-tested in non-Western nations. In a study with 1,918 participants from ten nations systematically differing in gender inequality, we investigated the extent to which target men and women in gender-segregated occupations are associated with stereotype-relevant traits. Results showed that 12 preselected occupations were perceived as gender-segregated in all nations. In line with social role theory, across nations, target men and women in male-dominated occupations were associated with agentic traits, whereas targets in female-dominated occupations were associated with communal traits. Targets’ gender, but not national-level gender inequality, moderated these results. The relevance of cross-national research for understanding gender stereotypes and pathways to reduce gender inequality are discussed.
Schema Therapy for Chronic Depression Associated with Childhood Trauma: A Case Study

Chronic depression lasting longer than 2 years is often undertreated. Research suggests that maladaptive cognitive schemas mediate the association between childhood trauma and later depression. Schema Therapy (ST) is an integrative treatment approach that targets maladaptive cognitive schemas through cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, and experiential interventions. ST has been studied in patients with chronic depression with good results. The purpose of this case study is to detail how an ST treatment was used to treat chronic depression in a woman, “Amy,” with a childhood trauma history. Amy presented with a persistent depressive disorder that had lasted over 40 years. An ST approach was chosen in light of the chronicity of Amy’s symptoms and her childhood trauma history. Standardized measures including the Beck Depression Inventory were used to assess progress throughout treatment. We provide a comprehensive summary of the 22-session ST case conceptualization and treatment, through which Amy’s depressive symptoms evidenced a 73 percent reduction. Amy qualitatively reported reduced depressive rumination and avoidance behaviors as well as increased frequency of positive mood.
Analysis of ADC2 and SAMDC1 expression and the effects of transgenic manipulation of polyamine biosynthesis on flower development in Arabidopsis

ANALYSIS OF ADC2 AND SAMDC 1 EXPRESSION AND THE EFFECTS OF TRANSGENIC MANIPULATION OF POLYAMINE BIOSYNTHESIS ON FLOWER DEVELOPMENT IN ARABIDOPSIS by Challa Vasavi Rani University of New Hampshire, December, 2006 Polyamines are low molecular weight, aliphatic cationic molecules playing a vital role in all cellular and physiological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, abiotic stress, and somatic embryogenesis. The present study is aimed at unraveling their role during floral development in Arabidopsis thaliana by studying the temporal and spatial expression of ADC2 and SAMDC I genes by promoter-reporter fusion analysis, and by the transgenic expression of mouse ODC and carrot SAMDC under tissue specific promoters API and AP3, respectively. The expression of SAMDC I was found to be prominent during different stages of development and in different whorls of flowers whereas ADC2 expression was almost undetectable in all stages and in various whorls. The heterologous expression of mouse ODC and carrot SAMDC under the control of tissue specific promoters API and AP3 resulted in altered polyamine levels leading to abnormalities like delayed flowering, bolting, abnormal sepal formation and a reduction in stamen number.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A Review

Nowadays irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) with global prevalence. It’s described by a change in the habit of the bowel system. Pathophysiology of IBS is unclear, therefore; IBS becomes a specific subject for many researchers to investigate and discover some biomarkers associated with IBS. Symptoms are a confusion of abdominal pain and bloating which is demonstrated according to Rome criteria. In this mini-review, we conclude that IBS makes additional complications in patients such as reflux gastro esophagus, dysphagia, and factors related to IBS are varied including gender, food, family, and environment. Furthermore, food and lifestyle have a direct role in the pathophysiology of IBS patients. Finding additional signs and symptoms of IBS is essential for diagnosis because IBS is dependent on symptoms. IBS has a significant association with genetic variants. SLC6A4 (solute carrier family 6, member 4) is a serotonin transporter gene that gained the most attention from various researchers, therefore IBS require further investigation and discussion to demonstrate some biomarkers and factors associated with them.
Propagation of surface waves in generalized thermoelastic media under influence of magnetic field and rotation and its applications in engineering and geophysics

Abstract This paper aims to study the propagation of surface waves in generalized magneto-thermoelastic media under influence of magnetic field and rotation and its applications in Engineering, Geophysics, and Petroleum extracting. The governing equations are considered for generalized thermoelastic problem under magnetic field and rotation and solved to obtain the general solution in x-z plane. The Lame's potential method considering harmonic functions for the physical quantities is used to obtain the secular equation and then the velocity and attenuation coefficient for the types of waves: Stoneley, Love, and Rayleigh. The appropriate boundary conditions at an interface between two dissimilar half-spaces are satisfied with appropriate particular solutions to obtain the frequency equation of the surface wave in the medium. Some special cases as: Stoneley waves, Rayleigh and Love waves also discussed and presented graphically to show the physical meaning of the external parameters effect on the petroleum extracting phenomena and its contributions in KSA vision 2030 in crystal, Iron and steel. A comparison is made with the previous results considering LS model and the absence of rotation that deduces to the previous results as a special case from the present study. Also, if the magnetic field and rotation vanish, the results obtained in the present work are discussed. Experimentally, the results obtained agree with the labs results obtained. The results obtained indicate to a significant impact of the magnetic field and rotation on the waves propagation phenomenon that contributes on the industries and related topics.
Literature Review of Relative Poverty Research

Relative poverty is a common social phenomenon. The elimination of relative poverty can stimulate social vitality, and create the development of the whole society with high quality. This study systematically organizes the relative poverty research from three aspects: connotation, identification method, and resolution mechanism, in order to lay a foundation for the relative poverty governance and the long-term resolution mechanism of relative poverty in China.
Progress in Microbes and Molecular Biology Molecular profiling and detection methods of microRNA in cancer research

: A large portion of human genome was believed to be “useless” and termed as “junk DNA” in the past, given that these sequences d id not have any protein coding role. However, with more researchers dwelling into the world of these mysterious genetic codes, a group of non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) known as microRNAs (miRNAs) is now being recognized to play important roles than they were thought to be. In truth, the first discovery of miRNA was in a simple organism -nematode (scientific name: Caenorhabditis elegans) , whereby a mutant displayed aberrant morpholog-ical changes. Years after that, researchers then realized t hat t he se miRNAs are actually important regulatory molecules — controlling cell division signaling, apoptosis and so on. In fact, the unusual expression of miRNAs has also been associated in etiology of various cancers. Acting like a “double-edge” sword, miRNAs can control and/or act as tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, thus any unwanted alterations in their expression would bring up on disastrous effects on the host. Therefore, the current review aims to summarize the molecular detection tools that are available for miRNA profiling in cancer research.
Continuous and Discontinuous Yielding Behaviors in Ferrite-Cementite Steels

Abstract The continuous and discontinuous yielding behaviors in ferrite-cementite steels were complementarily investigated via nano- and macro-scale deformation examinations. The continuous yielding behavior was observed in heat-treated specimens with a lamellar or cementite-spheroidal structure even after strain-aging treatment. However, the discontinuous yielding behavior accompanied by the Luders elongation appeared in ferrite-cementite steel that was recrystallized after cold rolling. The results obtained by electron microscopy, synchrotron X-ray, and neutron diffractions indicate that the ferrite-cementite interface of the heat-treated specimen is semi-coherent with a high internal stress field, whereas that of the recrystallized one is incoherent with a low internal stress field. Moreover, coherency strain, which depends on the total area of the ferrite-cementite interface, and thermal strain, which is governed by temperature, are the two factors that influence peak broadening. The nanoindentation tests revealed that the critical loads are significantly lower near the semi-coherent interface than those near the incoherent interface and the ferrite grain boundary; this suggests that dislocations are easily emitted from the semi-coherent interface.
The North Atlantic as a Driver of Summer Atmospheric Circulation

Skill in seasonal forecasts in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics is mostly limited to winter. Drivers of summer circulation anomalies over the North Atlantic–European (NAE) sector are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in driving summer atmospheric circulation changes. The summer North Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO), the leading mode of observed summer atmospheric circulation variability in the NAE sector, is correlated with a distinct SST tripole pattern in the North Atlantic. An atmospheric general circulation model is used to test whether there are robust atmospheric circulation responses over the NAE sector to concurrent SSTs related to the SNAO. The most robust responses project onto the summer east Atlantic (SEA) pattern, the second dominant mode of observed summer atmospheric circulation variability in the NAE sector, and are most evident at the surface in response to tropical SSTs and at altitude in response to extratropical SSTs. The tropical-to-extratropical teleconnection appears to be due to Rossby wave propagation from SST anomalies, and in turn precipitation anomalies, in the Caribbean region. We identify key biases in the model, which may be responsible for the overly dominant SEA pattern variability, compared to the SNAO, and may also explain why the responses resemble the SEA pattern, rather than the SNAO. Efforts to eradicate these biases, perhaps achieved by higher-resolution simulations or with improved model physics, would allow for an improved understanding of the true response to North Atlantic SST patterns.
Preliminary results of models to predict areas in the Americas with increased likelihood of Zika virus transmission in 2017

Numerous Zika virus vaccines are being developed. However, identifying sites to evaluate the efficacy of a Zika virus vaccine is challenging due to the general decrease in Zika virus activity. We compare results from three different modeling approaches to estimate areas that may have increased relative risk of Zika virus transmission during 2017. The analysis focused on eight priority countries (i.e., Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, and Peru). The models projected low incidence rates during 2017 for all locations in the priority countries but identified several subnational areas that may have increased relative risk of Zika virus transmission in 2017. Given the projected low incidence of disease, the total number of participants, number of study sites, or duration of study follow-up may need to be increased to meet the efficacy study endpoints.
Microglial and Astrocyte priming in the APP/PS1 model of Alzheimer’s Disease: increased vulnerability to acute inflammation and cognitive deficits

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes devastating cognitive decline and has no disease-modifying therapies. Neuroinflammation is a significant contributor to disease progression but its precise contribution remains unclear. An emerging literature indicates that secondary inflammatory insults including acute trauma and infection alter the trajectory of chronic neurodegenerative diseases and the roles of microglia and astrocytes require elucidation. The current study, using the APP/PS1 mouse model of AD, demonstrates that microglia are primed by β-amyloid pathology to induce exaggerated IL-1β responses to acute stimulation with LPS or IL-1β. Despite disease-associated NLRP3 inflammasome activation, evidenced by ASC speck formation, APP/PS1 microglial cells show neither IL-1β induction nor NFκB p65 nuclear localisation. Upon secondary stimulation with LPS or IL-1β, NFκB-p65 nuclear localisation and exaggerated pro-IL-1 induction occur. Microglial priming was also unmasked by secondary stimulation with systemic LPS leading to significant cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice compared to WT LPS-treated mice. Astrocytes have also recently emerged as displaying significant phenotypic heterogeneity. Here, by-passing microglial priming, and acutely challenging mice with intra-hippocampal IL-1β we demonstrate that astrocytes proximal to Aβ-plaques are also primed to produce exaggerated CCL2, CXCL1 and CXCL10 responses. Many astrocytosis-associated genes in APP/PS1 mice share these exaggerated responses to IL-1β, while others are equally induced in both strains. Collectively the data show that the amyloid-laden brain shows multiple vulnerabilities to secondary inflammatory challenge: both microglia and astrocytes are primed to produce exaggerated secondary inflammation and systemic LPS is sufficient to cause cognitive impairments relevant to delirium, selectively in animals with prior amyloid pathology.
Controversies in artificial intelligence.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review four recent controversial topics arising from deep learning applications in ophthalmology. RECENT FINDINGS The controversies of four recent topics surrounding deep learning applications in ophthalmology are discussed, including the following: lack of explainability, limited generalizability, potential biases and protection of patient confidentiality in large-scale data transfer. SUMMARY These controversial issues spanning the domains of clinical medicine, public health, computer science, ethics and legal issues, are complex and likely will benefit from an interdisciplinary approach if artificial intelligence in ophthalmology is to succeed over the next decade.
Correlations between production and economic variables in dairy cows on a tropical pasture

The objective of this study was to evaluate correlations between production and economic variables of lactating cows on a tropical pasture. The experiment involved ten ¾ Holstein × ¼ Dairy Gyr cows in the middle third of lactation at an average age of 70 ± 4.6 months and an average body weight of 400 ± 55.2 kg. Cows were supplemented with a concentrate feed with different supplement compositions aiming to promote alterations in the animal performance and economic responses. Data were analyzed statistically by Pearson correlations at the 0.95 probability level. No correlations were observed for fat and total solids with economic variables (p > 0.05). Milk yield was positively correlated with (p 0.05). There were no correlations for milk yield with RC, FC, or MRR (p > 0.05). Positive correlations were observed for fat corrected milk yield with GRSM and RMSC (p < 0.05). Fat production (kg day ‒ 1 ) was positively correlated with GRSM and RMSC (p < 0.05). The gross revenue from the sale of milk and the revenue minus feed costs showed to be highly associated with production variables.
Identification of Some Phellinus spp.

Four strains of Phellinus spp. was identified based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA sequence analysis and morphological characteristics. Basidiocarps of all strains were effused-reflexed and hymenial surface was poroid. Hyphal system was dimitic and basidiospore was globose to ellipsoid. The amplification of ITS regions produced a DNA fragment of 500 to 780 bp in all strains examined. The determined sequences were analyzed for the reconstruction of phylogenetic tree. From these results, Phellinus sp. KM-1, KM-2, and KM-4 was identified as P. hartigii, P. baumii, and P. linteus, respectively.
Feeding habits variability of Lutjanus synagris and Lutjanus griseus in the littoral of Campeche, Mexico: an approach of food web trophic interactions between two snapper species

The study of the feeding habits variability (spatial and temporal scales) allows us to evaluate the trophic interactions between species, thus, the short and long-term effects of the removal of different species by the presence of different phenomena. In this study, we carried out stable isotope (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) and stomach content analyses to infer the trophic linkages between two snapper species ( Lutjanus synagris and Lutjanus griseus ) captured in the littoral of Campeche, Mexico. In total, 781 specimens were collected (528 L. synagris and 253 L. griseus ) and based on relative importance index [%PSIRI] both snapper species consumed based on the prey-specific index of relative importance (PSIRI), Penaeidae family (PSIRI = 23.41%) was the most important species in the diet of Lutjanus synagris , while Callinectes sapidus (PSIRI = 21.45%) was the primary prey of Lutjanus griseus . The isotopic analyses indicated that both snapper species feed in the coastal-marine (δ 15 N: 10.6 to 12.1‰ and δ 13 C: -15.7 to -12.7‰); however, according to PERMANOVA, low diet similarity was found between snapper species (R = 0.07, P < 0.01), also, significant differences was detected in the δ 15 N and δ 13 C values between L. synagris , and L. griseus . Therefore, despite both snapper species presents similar trophic positions ( L. synagris : 4.2 ± 0.2; L. griseus : 3.9 ± 0.1) and feeding behavior (according to SIBER = opportunistic predators), a low trophic overlap was observed, probably associated with the differential use of habitat in the coastal zone; where L. synagris is ecologically fed in areas of seagrass, while L. griseus is probably intermittent between pasture and mangrove areas, therefore, the role of each species is crucial in the dynamics of coastal-marine ecosystems as predators and potential structuring of the populations of their prey.