Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ILX: Intelligent "Location+X" Data Systems (Vision Paper)

Due to the ubiquity of mobile phones and location-detection devices, location data is being generated in very large volumes. Queries and operations that are performed on location data warrant the use of database systems. Despite that, location data is being supported in data systems as an afterthought. Typically, relational or NoSQL data systems that are mostly designed with non-location data in mind get extended with spatial or spatiotemporal indexes, some query operators, and higher level syntactic sugar in order to support location data. The ubiquity of location data and location data services call for systems that are solely designed and optimized for the efficient support of location data. This paper envisions designing intelligent location+X data systems, ILX for short, where location is treated as a first-class citizen type. ILX is tailored with location data as the main data type (location-first). Because location data is typically augmented with other data types X, e.g., graphs, text data, click streams, annotations, etc., ILX needs to be extensible to support other data types X along with location. This paper envisions the main features that ILX should support, and highlights research challenges in realizing and supporting ILX.
New LP-Based Upper Bounds in the Rate-Vs.-Distance Problem for Binary Linear Codes

We develop a new family of linear programs, that yield upper bounds on the rate of binary linear codes of a given distance. Our bounds apply only to linear codes. Delsarte’s LP is the weakest member of this family and our LP yields increasingly tighter upper bounds on the rate as its control parameter increases. Numerical experiments show significant improvement compared to Delsarte. These convincing numerical results, and the large variety of tools available for asymptotic analysis, give us hope that our work will lead to new improved asymptotic upper bounds on the possible rate of linear codes. A slightly prior work by Coregliano, Jeronimo and Jones offers a closely related family of linear programs which converges to the true bound. Here we provide a new proof of convergence for the same LPs.
The Blow-up Analysis on $\mathbf{B}_2^{(1)}$ Affine Toda system: Local mass and Affine Weyl group

A bstract . It has been established that the local mass of blow-up solutions to Toda systems associated with the simple Lie algebras A n , B n , C n and G 2 can be represented by a ﬁnite Weyl group. In particular, at each blowup point, after a sequence of bubbling steps (via scaling) is performed, the transformation of the local mass at each step corresponds to the action of an element in the Weyl group. In this article, we present the results in the same spirit for the a ﬃ ne B (1)2 Toda system with singularities. Compared with the Toda system with simple Lie algebras, the computation of local masses is more challenging due to the inﬁnite number of elements of the a ﬃ ne Weyl group of type B (1)2 . In order to give an explicit expression for the local mass formula we introduce two free integers and write down all the possibilities into 8 types. This shows a striking di ﬀ erence to previous results on Toda systems with simple Lie algebras. The main result of this article seems to provide the ﬁrst major advance in understanding the relation between the blow-up analysis of a ﬃ ne Toda system and the a ﬃ ne Weyl group of the associated Lie algebras.
High Resolution Point Clouds from mmWave Radar

This paper explores a machine learning approach on data from a single-chip mmWave radar for generating high resolution point clouds – a key sensing primitive for robotic applications such as mapping, odometry and localization. Unlike lidar and vision-based systems, mmWave radar can operate in harsh environments and see through occlusions like smoke, fog, and dust. Unfortunately, current mmWave processing techniques offer poor spatial resolution compared to lidar point clouds. This paper presents RadarHD, an end-to-end neural network that constructs lidar-like point clouds from low resolution radar input. Enhancing radar images is challenging due to the presence of specular and spurious reflections. Radar data also doesn't map well to traditional image processing techniques due to the signal's sinc-like spreading pattern. We overcome these challenges by training RadarHD on a large volume of raw I/Q radar data paired with lidar point clouds across diverse indoor settings. Our experiments show the ability to generate rich point clouds even in scenes unobserved during training and in the presence of heavy smoke occlusion. Further, RadarHD's point clouds are high-quality enough to work with existing lidar odometry and mapping workflows.
Signal Processing for Capacitive Ice Sensing: Electrode Topology and Algorithm Design

Atmospheric ice accretion is considered a severe safety issue for technical systems such as communication infrastructure, power lines, blades of wind turbines, and so on in cold climate regions. Among different sensing systems to detect and provide reliable information about the state of ice, capacitive sensing has been reported as a suitable technique. In capacitive sensing, measured capacitances are influenced due to ice accretion. Signal processing for ice sensors requires to estimate parameters for the state of ice from the data. In this paper, we present a model-based estimation approach for capacitive ice sensors. We analyze different electrode topologies for ice sensing and provide a statistical analysis of the sensor behavior. We hereby consider the random nature of natural ice accretion. From simulations, we show how a statistical model for the measurement process can be derived and demonstrate the construction of estimation algorithms within the Bayesian framework. We will demonstrate the capability of our approach for automated ice detection by means of long-term field data showing the ability to estimate ice layers with a precision better than 1 mm.
Advanced Recognition of Lithuanian Digit Names Using Hybrid Approach

The paper deals with the recognition of digits and with the hybrid recognition technology. By the hybrid approach, we assume the combination of two or more different recognizers have to achieve higher recognition accuracy. Two Lithuanian recognizers using the word based and phoneme-based hidden Markov models (HMM) together with the Spanish language recognizer 8.0 (Spanish-US) and Microsoft Speech Server Spanish language recognizer 9.0 (Spanish-US) were investigated. Using data mining package Weka, classification research was carried out with five different recognizer combining scenarios. The results of connecting two or three recognizers showed that the suggested method of using machine learning method to connect different recognizers greatly improved the recognition accuracy of digits speech corpus in all five cases. Manual annotation of the part of speech corpus enables to increase the recognition accuracy of Lithuanian digits names about 40 % using sub-word-based recognizer. SAMPA_LT set of phonemes is redundant for the digits recognition. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eie. 24.2. 20638
Anticipated emotions associated with trust in autonomous vehicles

Trust in automation has been mainly studied in the cognitive perspective, though some researchers have shown that trust is also influenced by emotion. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the relationships between emotions and trust. In this study, we explored the pattern of 19 anticipated emotions associated with two levels of trust (i.e., low vs. high levels of trust) elicited from two levels of autonomous vehicles (AVs) performance (i.e., failure and non-failure) from 105 participants from Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT). Trust was assessed at three layers i.e., dispositional, initial learned, and situational trust. The study was designed to measure how emotions are affected with low and high levels of trust. Situational trust was significantly correlated with emotions that a high level of trust significantly improved participants’ positive emotions, and vice versa. We also identified the underlying factors of emotions associated with situational trust. Our results offered important implications on anticipated emotions associated with trust in AVs.
FedSSO: A Federated Server-Side Second-Order Optimization Algorithm

In this work, we propose FedSSO, a server-side second-order optimization method for federated learning (FL). In contrast to previous works in this direction, we employ a server-side approximation for the Quasi-Newton method without requiring any training data from the clients. In this way, we not only shift the computation burden from clients to server, but also eliminate the additional communication for second-order updates between clients and server entirely. We provide theoretical guarantee for convergence of our novel method, and empirically demonstrate our fast convergence and communication savings in both convex and non-convex settings.
Single‐ended travelling wave protection algorithm based on full waveform in the time and frequency domains

Single-ended travelling-wave-based protection has been available for several years, providing the advantages of low cost and no requirement for communication and synchronisation with the remote end. However, conventional single-ended travelling-wave-based protection has low reliability due to its use of only partial fault information, and it has high dependence on extracting a second reflected wavefront. A new single-ended travelling-wave-based protection algorithm using the 2 ms full-waveform post-fault signal in the time–frequency domain, which avoids the discrimination of the reflected wavefront, is presented. First, the full-waveform representation of the travelling wave in 3D subspace is proposed. The fault characteristics of the wideband travelling wave are analysed at different scales. Second, for faults that occur within one line or on adjacent lines, the propagation characteristics and reflection and refraction process are analysed in detail. Then, the correlation and difference of the full waveform are presented qualitatively and quantitatively. Finally, a time–frequency spectrum matrix is established based on the full waveform, and the protection algorithm is developed by using a time–frequency spectrum matrix and wave matching technology. Extensive simulations under different conditions verify the wide applicability and high reliability of the proposed algorithm.
Questions of agency

Geographies of Children, Youth and Families is flourishing, but its founding conceptions require critical reflection. This paper considers one key conceptual orthodoxy: the notion that children are competent social actors. In a field founded upon liberal notions of agency, we identify a conceptual elision between the benefits of studying agency and the beneficial nature of agency. Embracing post-structuralist feminist challenges, we propose a politically-progressive conceptual framework centred on embodied human agency which emerges within power. We contend this can be achieved though intensive/extensive analyses of space, and a focus on ‘biosocial beings and becomings’ within dynamic notions of individual/intergenerational time.
THE NATURE OF THE GECKO VISUAL PIGMENT* BY FREDERICK CRESCITELLI

The scotopic visual pigments of terrestrial animals are, like the corresponding pigment of the human retina, generally regarded as members of the rhodopsin system; i.e., a group of chromoproteins possessing a characteristic spectrum with an absorption maximum at about 500 m/~ and containing retinenex as a chromophore. I t is expected, therefore, that geckos would possess the typical terrestrial type of visual pigment. Recently the spectral sensitivity function of one of these lizards was determined by Denton (1). He reported this curve to be displaced, by about 20 m#, toward the red end from the position of the human aphakic sensitivity curve. This result means, either that the gecko visual pigment is a rhodopsin and that the preretinal media selectively modify the transmitted light or, alternatively, that the visual pigment is not a rhodopsin (or not a rhodopsin alone). This investigation was initiated as an attempt to ascertain the reason for the unusual sensitivity function of this lizard. I t has been commonly assumed in most of the literature dealing with the gecko visual system that rhodopsin is the photopigment of the retinal rods. Detwiler (2) implied this in his paper on the retina of Gekko swinhonis Guen. filer. Walls (3, 4) employed the word rhodopsin in writing about the pigment of the gecko rods but it is abundantly clear that he did not view this protein as a definite chemical entity but rather visualized a variety of rhodopsin pigments slightly different in different vertebrates. Underwood (5) considered the presence of rhodopsin in the rods as a feature of gecko ophthalmology. In spite of all this, there is nothing in the recent literature on the biochemical nature of this chromoprotein for the case of the geckos. Two older papers cited by A. C. Krause (6) which this writer has not seen, are apparently concerned with the gecko visual pigment. The first is by W. Krause, published in 1893 and the second is by K6ttgen and Abelsdorff, published in 1895. A. C. Krause (6) listed 500 m/z as the spectral maximum for the gecko pigment examined by K6ttgen and Abelsdorff but in view of the methods that were available in the year 1895 such a figure requires confirmation.
Management of IOT Devices in a Smart Home Through the Application of an Interactive Mirror

Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) devices are big part of concept, which is called by electronic producers and many others Smart Home. Authors of this paper have decided to take a look at it and as a result of this analysis propose and implement (in a form of working prototype) a system that could manage different kinds of devices. The main objective of the project presented in this paper is a device that looks like a mirror and it is known to most people also is an interactive center, a place to obtain information of the devices that surround us and various parameters coming from sensors. Authors have prepared a prototype, that will be the central point of the apartment and will allow users to control all devices connected to this main system. Prototype allows to connect external sensors over GPIO (general purpose input/output) interface or Internet connection. There is also a possibility to add another communication interfaces such as 433MHz radio module, which is very cheap and works great in small areas or bluetooth module.
Qualitative research on AZ31 magnesium alloy aircraft brackets with a triangular rib produced by a new forging method

The purpose of this study is to report results of the qualitative assessment of AZ31 aircraft brackets with a triangular rib produced by a new forging method with respect to their structure and mechanical properties. ,The paper reports the results of qualitative tests for AZ31 magnesium alloy aircraft brackets with a triangular rib produced by a new forging method. These ribbed parts were formed on a forging press equipped with three moving tools. The produced aircraft brackets were subjected to qualitative tests. Their cross-sectional microstructure was examined using the light-field technique. The mechanical properties of ribbed parts were determined in a static tensile test and by hardness measurements on the surface of the part. The following variables were determined: tensile strength Rm, yield strength R0.2, elongation A5 and hardness. ,The results of qualitative tests provide significant information about produced aircraft brackets with a triangular rib, i.e. microstructure in three key regions of brackets and their mechanical properties. ,The method will enable producing magnesium alloy aircraft brackets with a triangular rib. The application of the method for aircraft brackets developed by the authors of this paper will result in higher product quality and reduced production costs. The paper demonstrates the practical application of this technique by presenting a finished aircraft bracket and the results of complete qualitative tests. ,The originality of this paper lies in the presentation of a new, innovative method for manufacturing aircraft brackets with a triangular rib. This method is unique on a global scale, and its assumptions have been granted patent protection.
A Collaborative & Systematic Approach To Implementing An Effective Standards-Based Grading And Reporting System: A Change Leadership Plan

V PREFACE . VII TABLE OF CONTENTS . IX LIST OF TABLES . XIII LIST OF FIGURES . XIV SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 Background . 1 Statement of the Problem . 2 Rationale . 8 Goals . 15 Demographics . 17 SECTION TWO: ASSESSING THE FOUR CS . 18 Introduction . 18 Context . 19 Conditions . 20 Culture . 21 Competencies . 22 SECTION THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY . 24 Research Design . 24 Participants . 26 Data Collection Techniques . 27 Quantitative Data . 27 Qualitative Data . 28 Data Analysis Techniques . 29 Qualitative Data . 30 Quantitative Data . 31 SECTION FOUR: RELEVANT LITERATURE . 32 History of the Traditional Letter Grading System . 32 History of School Standards . 33 Challenges Associated with Traditional Grading Practices . 34 Challenge #1: Purpose of Grading and Reporting . 34 Challenge #2: Inconsistent Grading Fostered by Traditional Grading Practices . 35 x Challenge #3: Mathematical Equity . 36 Challenge #4: Nonacademic Factors Included in Grades . 38 Challenge #5: Retest/Redo Policies and Procedures That Influence Grading . 40 Alternatives to the Traditional Letter Grading System . 41 Remedial Coursework . 44 Financial Cost of Remediation . 46 Opportunity Cost of Remediation . 46 Potential Income Cost of Remediation . 46 SECTION FIVE: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS . 48 Introduction . 48 Grading and Grade Reporting Policy and Procedures Effectiveness Tool Survey Findings & Interpretations . 49 Defining Respondents . 49 Grading and Grade Reporting Policy & Procedures Survey . 52 Defining Respondents . 52 Survey Findings & Interpretations . 52 MWSD Pre-Survey Findings & Interpretations . 54 Defining respondents . 54 Stakeholders Interviews Findings & Interpretations . 57 Defining Respondents . 57 Focus Group Interviews Findings & Interpretations . 59 Defining respondents . 59 SBG Teacher Observations . 61 Defining Respondents . 61 Quantitative Data Findings & Interpretations . 62 Defining Respondents . 62 Defining College and Career Readiness . 63 SECTION SIX: A VISION OF SUCCESS (TO BE) . 67 Introduction . 67 Context . 67 Culture . 68 Conditions . 68 Competencies . 69
Swift, Benjamin and Gerrard, Zara and Huxley, Jonathan and Rees, Catherine (2014) Factors affecting phage D29 infection: a tool to investigate different growth

Bacteriophages D29 and TM4 are able to infect a wide range of mycobacteria, including pathogenic and non-pathogenic species. Successful phage infection of both fastand slow-growing mycobacteria can be rapidly detected using the phage amplification assay. Using this method, the effect of oxygen limitation during culture of mycobacteria on the success of phage infection was studied. Both D29 and TM4 were able to infect cultures of M. smegmatis and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) grown in liquid with aeration. However when cultures were grown under oxygen limiting conditions, only TM4 could productively infect the cells. Cell attachment assays showed that D29 could bind to the cells surface but did not complete the lytic cycle. The ability of D29 to productively infect the cells was rapidly recovered (within 1 day) when the cultures were returned to an aerobic environment and this recovery required de novo RNA synthesis. These results indicated that under oxygen limiting conditions the cells are entering a growth state which inhibits phage D29 replication, and this change in host cell biology which can be detected by using both phage D29 and TM4 in the phage amplification assay. Citation: Swift BMC, Gerrard ZE, Huxley JN, Rees CED (2014) Factors Affecting Phage D29 Infection: A Tool to Investigate Different Growth States of Mycobacteria. PLoS ONE 9(9): e106690. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0106690 Editor: Raymond Schuch, Rockefeller University, United States of America Received June 20, 2014; Accepted July 31, 2014; Published September 3, 2014 Copyright: 2014 Swift et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability: The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: The authors have no support or funding to report. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * Email: benjamin.swift@nottingham.ac. uk
Incidence and Mortality of Liver Cancer and Lack of Relationships with Human Development in Asia

Cancer in 2013 was among the main leading causes of illness and death worldwide with an annual incidence of 14.9 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths caused. More than 60 percent occurs in Africa, Asia and Central and South America (Fitzmaurice et al., 2015). It is expected that the number of new cancer cases increases 70 percent in next two decades (Pakzad et al., 2015b). Liver cancer is among the most common cancers in the world (Wei et al., 2014) so that this cancer is the fifth most common cancer in men (Hall and Wild, 2003) and the ninth most common cancer in women worldwide. This cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide in 2012 (Pakzad et al., 2015b). Liver cancer mortality is rapidly increasing since 1970. Due to this point that more than 85 percent of liver cancer new cases occur in developing countries which do not have proper
Development and Optimization of a Multi-Label SVM for Chemogenomics

Support vector machine (SVM) based machine learning is used in a wide range of domains. It represents a family of supervised machine learning algorithms and is most commonly used for binary classiﬁcation tasks. It can also be extended to multi-label problems which are specializations of multi-task classiﬁcation. We use an early stage SVM implementation, called PermonSVM, to implement a one versus all multi-label method to classify and predict protein-compound activities in chemogenomics. The white paper highlights the VI-HPS tools Score-P, Cube and Vampir, as used during the early development and improvement processes of PermonSVM. We apply those tools to identify and analyze a bottleneck in the early PermonSVM implementation, and verify its ﬁnal iteration
The vehicle routing problem with edge set costs Line

We consider an important generalization of the vehicle routing problem with time windows in which a fixed cost must be paid for accessing a set of edges. This fixed cost could reflect payment for toll roads, investment in new facilities, the need for certifications and other costly investments. The certifications and contributions impose a cost for the company while they also give unlimited usage of a set of roads to all vehicles belonging to the company. Different versions for defining the edge sets are discussed and formulated. A MIP-formulation of the problem is presented, and a solution method based on branch-and-price-and-cut is applied to the problem. The computational results show that instances with up to 50 customers can be solved in reasonable time, and that the branch-cut-and-price algorithm generally outperforms CPLEX. It also seems that instances get more difficult when the penalized edge sets form a spanning tree, compared to when they are randomly scattered. Figure 1: Main road net in Switzerland. To access all the red edges, a vignette needs to be paid. A transportation company may choose to avoid the toll roads and only use the ordinary highways