Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marphysa Belli (Polychaeta : Eunicidae) And Two Related Species, Marphysa Oculata And M-Totospinata, A New Species, With Notes On Size-Dependent Features

•Three morphologically related species, Marphysa belli, Marphysa oculata and Marphysa totospinata are described or re-described based on a morphometric study. The morphological differences among these species are discussed. The developmental patterns of antennae, branchiae and setae are emphasized. Since the establishment of Marphysa belli in 1833 by Audouin and Edwards from the French side of the English Channel, this species has been widely reported from other regions of the world, such as Plymouth, England (Mclntosh 1910), New England region of the U.S.A. (Pettibone 1963), and the Gulf of Mexico (Treadwell 1921, Gathof 1984). Marphysa belli is unique in having both compound falcigers and compound spinigers in the anterior region and in having well-developed branchiae restricted to a short anterior region. With a large number of specimens at hand, this study examines the validity of the cosmopolitan distribution of M. belli and the correlation between the variation of certain morphological characters and body size (width) of the specimens. All specimens were observed with stereo and compound light microscopes. Sketches for the illustrations were made using a camera lucida. The statistical figures were produced with the program Origin. For the correlation coefficients, the confidence limits were set at 0.05. Marphysa belli Audouin & Edwards, 1833 Figs, la-j, 2-6 Material examined. •Gulf of Mexico, off Florida, USNM 090007 (n = 2). Atlantic Coast of U.S.A. : USNM 9166 (n = \), USNM 28955 (n = 1), USNM 56988 {n = 2), USNM 109810 {n = 2), USNM 109817 {n = 1), USNM 109820 (n = 4), USNM 109823 (n = 1), USNM 109825 (« = 7), USNM 109829 (« = 1), USNM 109830 (« = 2), USNM 109831 (n = 3), USNM 109838 (« = 1), USNM 109843 {n = 4), USNM 109844 (n = 3), USNM 120624 (n = 1), USNM 145277 (« = 1), USNM 145280 (« = 1), USNM 145281 (« = 1), USNM 145282 (n = 2), USNM 145283 (n = 1), USNM 145284 (n = 1), USNM 145287 (« = 1), USNM 145290 {n = I), and USNM 145294 (n = 1). English Channel, France, St. Malo area, Lancieux: NMW.Z. 1991.067. 2 (n = 2, Natural History Museum of Wales). English Channel, France, Bay of Seine: LA073A (« = 10, Natural History Museum of Paris) and LAW3A (« = 5, Natural History Museum of Paris). The following description is mainly based on a specimen from the Woods Hole region of Massachusetts (USNM 28955). Abbreviations. •For the prostomial appendages, Al indicates the lateral palps. All the paired inner lateral antennae and AIII the single median antenna. Species descriptions, including the jaw formulae, are pre830 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Information Acquisition and Adoption of Organic Farming Practices

This study offers an empirical framework for analyzing farmers' joint decisions to adopt organic farming practices and to seek technical (i.e., farming) information from various sources. To that end, a trivariate ordered probit model is specified and implemented in the case of organic land conversion in Crete, Greece. Findings suggest that the decisions of information acquisition and organic land conversion are indeed correlated, and different farming information sources play a complementary role. Structural policies improving the farmer's allocative ability are found to play an important role in encouraging organic farming adoption.
The Effects of Cosmos caudatus (Ulam Raja) on the Levels of Expression of Nrf2 Target Genes in Mice Liver

Background : Cosmos caudatus (Ulam Raja) is an appetizer (ulam) eaten with rice in Malaysia. Previous studies showed that Cosmos caudatus possess high antioxidant content. Nrf2 is a transcription factor which regulates the expression of phase II enzymes and antioxidant proteins. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Cosmos caudatus aqueous extract (UR) on the expression of Nrf2 target genes in mice liver. Methods : ICR white mice were treated for 21 days with different doses of UR (100, 500, 1000 mg/kg) through oral gavage. Control mice were only given distilled water. After 21 days, the mice were sacrificed and their livers harvested. Total RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed and subjected to qPCR to detect Nrf2 target genes expression. Results : Administration of 100 mg/kg UR significantly increased NQO1 expression in mice liver. Administration of 500 mg/kg UR significantly increased HO-1 liver expression. Administration of 100 and 500 mg/kg UR significantly increased GSTA1 liver expression. Administration of 500 and 1000 mg/kg UR significantly increased GSTM3 liver expression, whereas GSTP and GSTM1 liver expression was significantly decreased at similar doses . Administration of all doses of UR significantly decreased the expression of GSTA3 , SOD3 and GCLC in mice liver. Conclusion : UR administration mostly resulted in downregulation of Nrf2 target genes. However, conclusive evidence can only be made through the use of Nrf2 knockout mice or by performing Nrf2 nuclear translocation studies.
Institutionalization and Structuration: Studying the Links between Action and Institution

Institutional theory and structuration theory both contend that institutions and actions are inextricably linked and that institutionalization is best understood as a dynamic, ongoing process. Institutionalists, however, have pursued an empirical agenda that has largely ignored how institutions are created, altered, and reproduced, in part, because their models of institutionalization as a pro cess are underdeveloped. Structuration theory, on the other hand, largely remains a process theory of such abstraction that it has generated few empirical studies. This paper discusses the similarities between the two theories, develops an argument for why a fusion of the two would enable institutional theory to significantly advance, develops a model of institutionalization as a structuration process, and proposes methodological guidelines for investigating the process empirically.
On $G$-sets and isospectrality

We study finite G-sets and their tensor product with Riemannian manifolds, and obtain results on isospectral quotients and covers. In particular, we show the following: if M is a compact connected Riemannian manifold (or orbifold) whose fundamental group has a finite non-cyclic quotient, then M has isospectral non-isometric covers.
Internationalization process of a developing country multinational: the outward foreign direct investment decisions in Bimbo Group

Abstract There is a lack of extended knowledge on internationalization theories applied to developing countries firms (DCF) within the international business field. This paper explains the drivers of the international investment behavior of world leader baking company Bimbo and the relevance that the main internationalization theories have in the foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions. Ownership, Locational and Interna-lization (OLI) advantages, as well as the Uppsala model, will be explained and compared to the Bimbo's internationalization path. Furthermore, Bimbo's international operations are summarized and presented chronologically. Finally, a comparison between the above mentioned theories and the company's behavior is provided, and the conclusion that Dunning's (2000) eclectic paradigm explains the firm's internationalization is suggested.
IDENTIFYING DESIGN OPPORTUNITY SPACES IN NEW USER INTERFACES FOR EXOSKELETON MOBILITY DEVICES

Although there are many academic researchers and practitioners who are developing exoskeleton robots for a range of applications, the user interface design for these devices has not yet been sufficiently explored. As the user interface for exoskeleton devices is the crucial link between the user and the machine, in this paper a human-centered design approach was used to 1) identify UI design opportunity spaces and four primary personas, 2) define the most critical user needs for each persona, and 3) present four concepts for new UIs for exoskeleton devices for future concept development.
Leader’s warmth, transformational leadership and effectiveness

This research study explores the relationship between Leader Warmth, Transformational Leadership, and various criteria of Leader Effectiveness. The data were collected through a four-month long management simulation game, which provided a standardized environment for our research. 184 CEOs of fictitious companies completed self-assessment questionnaires regarding their real and ideal warmth. Their Transformational Leadership, perceived Leader Effectiveness, and Leadership Emergence were evaluated on average by 18.15 followers of each CEO. Overall, the evaluation involved 3,340 followers. Group Performance was measured through the profitability of each company under the leadership of the CEO during the entire course of the simulation game. The study found no support for a relationship between Leader Warmth and Transformational Leadership and between Leader Warmth and three criteria of Leader Effectiveness (i.e. Group Performance, Leader Effectiveness and Leadership Emergence). The difference between a leader’s ideal and real warmth relates, through Transformational Leadership, to the effectiveness of a leader when exploring all the different indicators of Leader Effectiveness. We assume that a leader who desires to be less warm than she actually is possesses a more clear perspective about the possible maladaptive aspects of Leader Warmth.
Patch size and connectivity influence the population turnover of the threatened chequered blue butterfly, Scolitantides orion (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Chequered blue butterfly, Scolitantides orion (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) has severely declined in many parts of Europe and is currently red-listed in many countries. We studied the population structure and turnover of the species in a lake-island system in a National Park in eastern Finland over a three-year period. The incidence of the chequered blue on the suitable islands (n = 41) and habitat patches (n = 123) was high: an average of 82% of the islands and patches were occupied over the three year period. At the island scale, the annual population turnover rate was 17%, with an extinction and colonization rate of 7% and 10%, respectively. At the patch scale, the annual population turnover was 16%, with 7% extinction and 9% colonization rate. Islands that were occupied over the three year period had a larger area of suitable habitat than islands in which turnover events were observed. At the patch scale, turnover events were observed in small and poorly connected patches. Patchy occurrence of the host plant and observed extinction-colonization dynamics suggest that the chequered blue population confirms a metapopulation structure. Although the local populations are small, the observed high patch occupancy and balanced population turnover indicates that the metapopulation is not in immediate risk of extinction.
Multi-Scale Colour Completed Local Binary Patterns for Scene and Event Sport Image Categorisation

The Local Binary Pattern (LBP) texture descriptor and some of its variant descriptors have been successfully used for texture classification and for a few other tasks such as face recognition, facial expression, and texture segmentation. However, these descriptors have been barely used for image categorisation because their calculations are based on the gray image and they are only invariant to monotonic light variations on the gray level. These descriptors ignore colour information despite their key role in distinguishing the objects and the natural scenes. In this paper, we enhance the Completed Local Binary Pattern (CLBP), an LBP variant with an impressive performance on texture classification. We propose five multiscale colour CLBP (CCLBP) descriptors by incorporating five different colour information into the original CLBP. By using the Oliva and Torralba (OT8) and Event sport datasets, our results attest to the superiority of the proposed CCLBP descriptors over the original CLBP in terms of image categorisation.
Calcification morphotypes of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi in the Southern Ocean: changes in 2001 to 2006 compared to historical data

We conducted a scanning electron microscopic survey of morphological variations in the calcareous nanoplankton species Emiliania huxleyi in Southern Ocean surface water samples collected along a transect from 43 to 64° S and 141 to 145° E during November 2001, October to February 2002/2003, 2003/2004, 2004/2005 and 2005/2006. The results were compared with historical data from a similar transect occupied in December to January 1983/1984 and January to February 1994 and 1995. While E. huxleyi was absent or extremely sparse (0.1 to 1 cells ml–1) south of 60° S in 1983/1984 and 1994/1995, this species was consistently present at about 100 cells ml–1 between 60 and 65° S during 2002 to 2006. The extended geographic range and/or increased southward abundance of this keystone species suggests a significant shift in Southern Ocean ecology over the past 2 decades, analogous to an observed recent range extension into the Bering Sea. Morphotype A ‘overcalcified’ mainly occurred north of the Subantarctic Front and was replaced by the weakly calcified Morphotype B/C between the Subantarctic Front and Southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front. This north–south shift in E. huxleyi calcification morphotypes closely tracked the north–south decline in the calcite saturation state as calculated from carbonate system measurements. Based on current evidence, no significant changes are apparent in the calcification status of E. huxleyi in the Southern Ocean during the past 12 yr. All cultured isolates from north of the Polar Front belonged to Morphotype A, while all strains isolated south of the Polar Front belonged to Morphotype B/C and their morphologies appeared conservative in culture. The north–south trend of decreased calcification of E. huxleyi in the Southern Ocean thus reflects the shift in dominance of one ecotype to another, rather than the environmental effect of decreased carbonatre ion concentrations and calcite saturation state on a single, ‘apparently cosmopolitan’, population.
Binaural signal detection with phase-shifted and time-delayed noise maskers

Detection thresholds were measured for interaurally in-phase sinusoids added to a narrow-band dichotic noise masker which was either interaurally phase shifted (NπSo condition) or time delayed (NτSo condition). The signals were spectrally centered in the noise bands and the delay τ equaled half the signal period. Both conditions were tested at 125 and 500 Hz for noise bandwidths of 10, 25, 50, and 100 Hz. In addition, NoSπ and NoSo thresholds were obtained. In contrast to expectations based on the EC theory, no differences in detection thresholds were observed between thresholds in phase-shifted and time-shifted maskers. The results also cannot be explained on the basis of more recent binaural models. The stimuli presented here might therefore serve as a useful validation tool in the development of new binaural theories and models.
A Trinocular Vision Probe for Sculptured Surface Measurements

Reverse engineering of free-form surfaces is one of the most challenging technologies in advanced manufactu- ring. The vision system with CCD cameras possesses many advantages. To avoid possible mismatch in binocular systems a line structured light trinocular vision probe for sculptured surface measurements is developed. It distinguishes itself by high efficiency, high accuracy and reliability, as well as applicability for on-line measurement of complicated sculptured surfaces. The working principle and problems related to system optimization, camera calibration, sampling strategy, feature extraction, image matching and data reconstruction are discussed in detail in the paper. Experiments show that the trinocular probe enhances both accuracy and reliability of measurement in comparison with binocular one. An accuracy of 0.02 mm was achieved in the first prototype developed.
An Error Correction Analysis of Visitor Arrivals to the Bahamas

Tourism is the major domestic export for many countries in the Caribbean region. Given this, the variables which influence tourism demand in this region, as well as accurate forecasts, can assist policy makers in their planning efforts and growth strategies. This study utilizes error correction models (ECMs) to analyze tourism demand in the Bahamas. Findings suggest that income and habit persistence/word of mouth advertising are the primary determinants of tourism demand in the Bahamas, while the cost of travel is generally insignificant. To further assess model reliability, forecasts of the ECMs are compared to random walk and random walk with drift benchmarks. The study finds that while the ECMs provide fairly reliable forecasts, their performances are not superior to those provided by random walk benchmarks.
ON THE STATIONARITY AND THE EXISTENCE OF MOMENTS OF CONDITIONAL HETEROSKEDASTIC ARMA MODELS

Sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of a unique second or- der stationary solution of conditional heteroskedastic autoregressive moving-average (CHARMA) models proposed by Tsay (1987) are derived. The solution is strictly stationary and ergodic, and has a causal representation. When the CHARMA model reduces to some special cases, it is shown that the conditions are equivalent to those already known in the literature. Based on Tweedie's (1988) result, suffi- cient conditions for the existence of finite-order moments of CHARMA models are also derived.
Four-dimensional deformed special relativity from group field theories

We derive a scalar field theory of the deformed special relativity type, living on noncommutative {kappa}-Minkowski space-time and with a {kappa}-deformed Poincare symmetry, from the SO(4,1) group field theory defining the transition amplitudes for topological BF theory in 4 space-time dimensions. This is done at a nonperturbative level of the spin foam formalism working directly with the group field theory (GFT). We show that matter fields emerge from the fundamental model as perturbations around a specific phase of the GFT, corresponding to a solution of the fundamental equations of motion, and that the noncommutative field theory governs their effective dynamics.
Possible Photometric Signatures of Moderately Advanced Civilizations: The Clarke Exobelt

This paper puts forward a possible new indicator of the presence of moderately advanced civilizations on transiting exoplanets. The idea is to examine the region of space around a planet where potential geostationary or geosynchronous satellites would orbit (hereafter, the Clarke exobelt). Civilizations with a high density of devices and/or space junk in that region, but otherwise similar to ours in terms of space technology (our working definition of “moderately advanced”), may leave a noticeable imprint on the light curve of the parent star. The main contribution to such a signature comes from the exobelt edge, where its opacity is maximum due to geometrical projection. Numerical simulations have been conducted for a variety of possible scenarios. In some cases, a Clarke exobelt with a fractional face-on opacity of ∼10−4 would be easily observable with existing instrumentation. Simulations of Clarke exobelts and natural rings are used to quantify how they can be distinguished by their light curves.
A Novel Real-Time DDoS Attack Detection Mechanism Based on MDRA Algorithm in Big Data

In the wake of the rapid development and wide application of information technology and Internet, our society has come into the information explosion era. Meanwhile, it brings in new and severe challenges to the field of network attack behavior detection due to the explosive growth and high complexity of network traffic. Therefore, an effective and efficient detection mechanism that can detect attack behavior from large scale of network traffic plays an important role. In this paper, we focus on how to distinguish the attack traffic from normal data flows in Big Data and propose a novel real-time DDoS attack detection mechanism based on Multivariate Dimensionality Reduction Analysis (MDRA). In this mechanism, we first reduce the dimensionality of multiple characteristic variables in a network traffic record by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Then, we analyze the correlation of the lower dimensional variables. Finally, the attack traffic can be differentiated from the normal traffic by MDRA and Mahalanobis distance (MD). Compared with previous research methods, our experimental results show that higher precision rate is achieved and it approximates to 100% in True Negative Rate (TNR) for detection; CPU computing time is one-eightieth and memory resource consumption is one-third of the previous detection method based on Multivariate Correlation Analysis (MCA); computing complexity is constant.
ISAR signal formation and image extraction as direct and inverse projective operation

Abstract: In this work ISAR (Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar) signal formation and image reconstruction are analytically described and interpreted as direct and inverse projection operation. LFM (Liner Frequency Modulated) and PCM (Phase Code Modulated) emitted waveforms are used while modeling reflected ISAR returns. Complex projection operator and its Taylor expansion in the signal formation and image reconstruction procedures are defined.
Classification and flow prediction in a data-scarce watershed of the equatorial Nile region

Continuous developments and investigations in flow predictions are of interest in watershed hydrology especially where watercourses are poorly gauged and data are scarce like in most parts of Africa. Thus, this paper reports on two approaches to generate local monthly runoff of the data-scarce Semliki watershed. The Semliki River is part of the upper drainage of the Albert Nile. With an average annual local runoff of 4.622 km 3 /annum, the Semliki watershed contributes up to 20% of the flows of the White Nile. The watershed was sub-divided in 21 sub-catchments (S3 to S23). Using eight physiographic and meteorological variables, generated from remotely sensed acquired datasets and limited catchment data, monthly runoffs were estimated. One ordination technique, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and the tree cluster analysis of the landform attributes were performed to study the data structure and spot physiographic similarities between sub-catchments. The PCA revealed the existence of two major groups of sub-catchments – flat (Group I) and hilly (Group II). Linear and nonlinear regression models were used to predict the long-term monthly mean discharges for the two groups of sub-catchments, and their performance evaluated by the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), Percent bias (PBIAS) and root mean square error to the standard deviation ratio (RSR). The dimensionless indices used for model evaluation indicate that the non-linear model provides better prediction of the flows than the linear one.
Effect of Common and Dominant Seed-Borne Fungi on Protein Content of Pulses

Seeds are inhabited by seed mycoflora. Seed mycoflora influence seed texture, physiology and content. Some seed-borne fungi may be symbiotic to the seed germination where as some cause pathogenesis. Similarly, seed-borne fungi affect adversely to nutritive value of pulses. Biodegradation of protein content of pulses by their common and dominant seed-borne fungi like Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus, Drechslera tetramera, Fusarium moniliforme, Rhizopus stolonifer etc. has been reported through artificial infestation of the pulses Green gram, Black gram, Chick pea and Pigeon pea. Results reveal considerable degradation in protein content of the test pulses.