Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utility of the Full ECG Waveform for Stress Classification

The detection of psychological stress using the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is most commonly based on the detection of the R peak—the most prominent part of the ECG waveform—and the heart rate variability (HRV) measurements derived from it. For stress detection algorithms focused on short-duration time windows, there is potential benefit in including HRV features derived from the detection of smaller peaks within the ECG waveform: the P, Q, S, and T waves. However, the potential drawback of using these small peaks is their smaller magnitude and subsequent susceptibility to noise, making them more difficult to reliably detect. In this work, we demonstrate the potential benefits of including smaller waves within binary stress classification using a pre-existing data set of ECG recordings from 57 participants (aged 18–40) with a self-reported fear of spiders during exposure to videos of spiders. We also present an analysis of the performance of an automated peak detection algorithm and the reliability of detection for each of the smaller parts of the ECG waveform. We compared two models, one with only R peak features and one with small peak features. They were similar in precision, recall, F1, area under ROC curve (AUC), and accuracy, with the greatest differences less than the standard deviations of each metric. There was a significant difference in the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), which represented the information loss of the model. The inclusion of novel small peak features made the model 4.29×1028 times more probable to minimize the information loss, and the small peak features showed higher regression coefficients than the R peak features, indicating a stronger relationship with acute psychological stress. This difference and further analysis of the novel features suggest that small peak intervals could be indicative of independent processes within the heart, reflecting a psychophysiological response to stress that has not yet been leveraged in stress detection algorithms.
Large magnetocaloric effect in La(FexSi1−x)13 itinerant-electron metamagnetic compounds

The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) originated from the itinerant-electron metamagnetic transition for La(FexSi1−x)13 compounds has been investigated. With increasing Fe concentration, the MCE is enhanced and both the isothermal magnetic entropy change ΔSm and the adiabatic temperature change ΔTad for the compound with x=0.90 are −28 J/kg K and 8.1 K, respectively, by changing the magnetic field from 0 to 2 T. Similar large MCE values are achieved around room temperature by controlling the Curie temperature by means of hydrogen absorption. Consequently, La(FexSi1−x)13 compounds are promising as magnetic refrigerant materials working in relatively low magnetic fields.
Paramagnetic Resonance and Optical Absorption Spectra of Cr3+ in MgO

The paramagnetic resonance spectrum of the trivalent chromium ion has been detected at a wavelength of 1.2 cm. The spectrum is isotropic with one line at $g=1.9800\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0006$. The hyperfine structure of the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{53}$ isotope in its natural abundance was detected. The hyperfine structure constant $A=(1.60\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ permits an evaluation of the nuclear magnetic moment as 0.475 nm. The narrow line and the failure to observe any ground state splitting show that the trivalent chromium ion is exposed to a very pure cubic field. There is no indication of associated vacancies with the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ ion. Optical absorption lines were found at 16 000, 22 700, and 29 700 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ as well as a beginning of absorption at 46 000 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The 16 000 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ line is caused either by a quartet-doublet transition or by the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{2+}$ ion. The other absorption lines can be fitted with $Dq=2270$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and the $^{4}P$ state at 10 000 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ above the $^{4}F$ state. An analysis of the paramagnetic and optical absorption spectra indicate very strong crystal field and some covalent bonding. Probably the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ and the surrounding six oxygen atoms have to be regarded as a very tightly knit unit.
Fire Site Map Construction Method Based on UWB Connectivity Fusion

In order to solve the problem that the fire command platform cannot obtain the internal map of the fire site in real-time, a fire site map construction method based on UWB connectivity fusion is proposed. Firstly, UWB positioning technology is used to obtain the indoor positioning information of firefighters, and the central axis of the positioning track of firefighters labels is extended by one meter to both sides as an open space. The map of indoor environment can be obtained after connectivity fusion calculation on the computer of fire command center. As multiple firefighters enter the fire site for rescue, the activity area of each firefighter gradually increases, and the more open communication space between them, the positioning map in the building will gradually become perfect. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out in a laboratory. The experimental results show that the map error constructed by the proposed algorithm is less than 30%, which can help firefighters successfully complete the indoor rescue task and greatly improve the rescue efficiency of firefighters.
Impact of Accessibility to Cities at Multiple Administrative Levels on Soil Conservation: A Case Study of Hunan Province

The development of traffic infrastructure involves massive land use changes along the transportation routes and stimulates urban sprawl at transfer nodes, leading to a degradation in ecosystem services, including soil conservation. For developing countries, especially for China, it is very important to differentiate the influences between different standards of traffic infrastructure associated with the different administrative levels of the regions where they are constructed on soil conservation. In this study, we attempt to analyze the differences in the influence of accessibility at different levels on soil conservation, for the case study area in Hunan province in China. The results indicate that: (1) traffic conditions in Hunan province have witnessed continuous improvement, and the time taken to access mega-cities, prefecture-level cities, and county-level cities from various regions has been significantly reduced. (2) The total annual soil conservation in Hunan province is maintained at approximately 2.93 × 109 t. However, the spatial heterogeneity shows severe degradation in regions with lower accessibility, and weak enhancement in regions with higher accessibility. (3) A negative spatial autocorrelationship exists between accessibility and soil conservation at all levels, with the increase of administrative rank of the destination making it more obvious and intense, along with an increased tendency for the spatial distribution to concentrate. (4) Building more railways and highways from prefecture-level cities with LH clusters nearby as transfer nodes, instead of the construction of national roads and provincial roads that diverge from these railways and highways, will help limit the massive expansion of construction land and soil erosion within prefecture-level cities, rather than spreading to towns of LH clusters. This research provides an important scientific basis for future regional planning and traffic infrastructure construction, and also a reference for traffic infrastructure development in other geographically similar regions on a synchronous development stage in the world.
Diagnostic System for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Diseases

Diabetic retinopathy refers to damage to the retina, caused by the fine blood vessels of the retina rupturing and bleeding. To re-supply the retina, more blood vessels will form, creating cobwebs of blood vessels on the retinas. These added blood vessels and the scabs (dried blood) on the retinas create black spots in the vision; the patient will perceive black spots/streamers and floaters in their vision. In this paper, a screening system has been designed to detect different severity grades on the online dataset using the Inception V3 model. Computer vision filtering and other filtering techniques are used for the pre-processing of the images. 86.67% accuracy is obtained at 190th and 200th iteration. Cross entropy loss is also evaluated. Cross entropy is one of ancestor probabilistic decision making that minimizes the error but is computationally ineffective.
Multiple Degree of Freedom Vibrations User Interface Development

Multiple Degree of Freedom (MDOF) vibrations is found in many cases of vibration phenomenon. The evaluation of the vibration is important for structural stability and fatigue investigation. However, the evaluation often requires a complicated calculation step due to the complex system that makes the process is not straightforward and time-consuming. This paper aims to provide a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that can be used to analyze the vibration of the MDOF system with two, three, and four degrees of freedom. The system is simplified by mass-spring-damper elements to model the interaction of components in the industry. The algorithm is developed using an open-source computational programming language named GNU Octave. The GUI is used to ease the user to simulate the vibration response based on given initial parameters. The GUI also provides features to calculate the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the system and present them on the spectrum. The algorithm is verified in the previous study to establish the simulation result. Based on the result, the amplitude of the time-domain displacement reaches a precise value as the reference. It is proven by the displacement amplitude of the first and second mass of the 2 DOF system are 0.05 m and 0.06 m. The calculation of the natural frequency also proved by the value of the first, second, and third natural frequency of the 3 DOF system which are 64.89 rad/s, 108.13 rad/s, and 281.06 rad/s respectively. Moreover, the mode shape shows a proportional value compared to the related study. It can be inferred that the proposed GUI is verified and ready to use to evaluate the vibration of the MDOF system.
Cosmetic Suggestion System Using Convolution Neural Network

Nowadays, cosmetics play a significant role in personal appearance. Choosing the best skin care product is becoming increasingly complicated. As a result, a predictive approach is developed that gives a clear understanding of which product is best for a certain skin type. An AI algorithm is utilized to solve this problem since it works well with vast amount of unstructured data and produces promising results. Convolutional Neural Networks are used in the suggested system (CNN). The model is trained from a dataset that was scrapped from the internet consists of four classes of skin types i.e normal, dry, oily and combinational. The CNN model is built utilizing the packages in Python 3 such as Numpy, OpenCV, Matplotlib, TensorFlow, Keras and Sklearn. This method is created by training and testing the model to establish accuracy. The products suitable for each class of skin types are combined in a file. After detecting the skin type, the suitable products for those skin type is fetched from that file. As a result, best composition of cosmetic products are suggested for suitable skin types. The goal is to achieve high accuracy and detect the skin type using the defined training model.
Application de la classification à vecteurs de support pour l'estimation de quantiles multidimensionnels extrêmes

Estimer une probabilite de defaillance d'un systeme entree-sortie a partir d'observations ponctuelles de celui-ci est un probleme important pour le monde industriel. Une approche possible consiste a modeliser le systeme comme la realisation d'un processus aleatoire et de s'interesser au volume d'excursion de ce processus. Soit $\xi$ un processus aleatoire gaussien et $\abs{A_u(\xi)}$ le volume de l'ensemble d'excursion de $\xi$ au dessus d'un seuil $u$ sous une mesure de probabilite $\mu$. L'objectif de cet article est d'estimer le volume d'excursion a partir de $n$ observations ponctuelles du processus. Nous proposons d'approximer le volume d'excursion de $\xi$ par celui d'un predicteur $\xi_n$ obtenu par krigeage intrinseque a partir des $n$ observations. Nous etudions les proprietes de convergence de cette approximation. Dans un deuxieme temps, nous proposons un algorithme visant a choisir les points d'observation pour accelerer la convergence de l'estimateur.
Adding equine chorionic gonadotropin to the G6G protocol improves pregnancy rate of dairy cows under heat stress conditions

We studied 663 cyclic lactating Holstein cows in an industrial farm near Qazvin, Iran, from June 2119 to September 2020. We investigated the effects of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) hormone administration 80 h before the implementation of the Ovsynch and fixed-time artificial insemination (OVS + FTAI) program in the form of the G6G protocol on pregnancy rate and reproductive parameters of dairy cows in the first postpartum insemination under heat stress conditions. The cows were randomly assigned to one of the following protocols and received the following treatments: G6G (prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α)-2d-gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-6d-OVS+FTAI(GnRH(GnRH1)-7d-PGF2α(PG)-56h-GnRH-18h-FTAI, n = 213), 300 international unit (IU) eCG+G6G (300e+G6G) (PGF2α-2d- GnRH-64h-300 IU,eCG-80h-OVS+FTAI, n = 231), and 500 IU eCG+G6G (500e+G6G) (PGF2α-2d-GnRH-64h-500IU,eCG-80h-OVS+FTAI, n = 219). The overall pregnancy rates of cows in the G6G, 300e+G6G, and 500e+G6G protocols were 29.5 ± 0.03%, 33.7 ± 0.03%, and 35.6 ± 0.03%, respectively. The 500e+G6G protocol increased the pregnancy rate of cows with a body condition score (BCS) ≤ 2.5 compared to the G6G protocol (P = 0.04). The 500e+G6G protocol significantly increased the pregnancy rate of cows that produced > 34 kg milk per day compared to the G6G protocol (P = 0.03). In conclusion, using 500 IU, eCG 80 h before the implementation of the OVS+FTAI program in the form of G6G protocol had beneficial effects on increasing the pregnancy rate of cows that had a BCS ≤ 2.5 or produced > 34 kg milk per day compared to the G6G protocol under heat stress conditions.
k-Degree Parallel Comparison-Free Hardware Sorter for Complete Sorting

This article presents a novel parallel comparison-free hardware sorting architecture that sorts <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-bit elements consuming linear worst-case sorting latency of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathit {O(N)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> clock-cycles utilizing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-parallel clusters. A parallel cluster contains a number of identical blocks utilizing a few fundamental logic components. The architecture achieves a speed-up of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${}({n}/[{\lceil {({n}/{k})}\rceil +k}])$ </tex-math></inline-formula> over nonparallel architectures. The proposed sorting architecture identifies the largest element in every cycle with smaller clock periods compared to state-of-the-art comparison-free approaches and does not require any kind of preprocessing of the input data set, unlike most of the existing hardware sorters. The experimental result shows the degree of parallelism <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(k)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for 16, 32, and 64-bit elements are, respectively, {4}, {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, and {8} to achieve maximum system throughput. This sorter achieves a throughput of ≈194 Million Elements per second (MEps) for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k=6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and, it is ≈142 MEps for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k=8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to sort 256 elements of 32 and 64-bit, respectively, whereas it is ≈159 MEps for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k = 6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to sort 512 elements of 40 bit.
Developing the Factory of the Future Cybersecurity and Resilience

In this article, we have studied methods to improve the cybersecurity and resilience of Industry 4.0 and so-called factories of the future (FoF). In particular, we have focused on the technical aspects of protecting factories against cyber-attacks. More precisely, we review what factory assets need to be protected, how to detect anomalies that may indicate an ongoing cyberattack, how to mitigate cyberattacks against those assets, and how to initiate suitable countermeasures. Furthermore, we study how to recover factory assets after a cyberattack. We describe how software-defined networking, machine learning, and neural networks can be used to monitor factory assets, manage identities and control access to factory assets, detect adversarial attacks against artificial intelligence-embedded assets, and support resilient operations of future factories. These findings provide useful insights into design and operation of secure and resilient factories of the future.
Isotropic pressure-induced electronic band structure of BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and CaTiO3 with its impact on structural and optical properties: ab-initio calculation

ABSTRACT The present theoretical study offers a comprehensive investigation under the application of systematic external static isotropic pressure, phase stability, electronic-band structure and their impact on the optical characteristics of BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and CaTiO3. All the computational works were performed by Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package, using generalised gradient approximation and density functional theory, Perdue-Burke-Ernzerhof, along with the ultra-soft pseudo-potential for the frozen core. According to structural properties, there is no phase transformation and the structure of all compounds remains cubic. The band structure is a perfect tool to observe the nature of a material, such as an insulator, semiconductor or metal. When the pressure is applied, the band gap of BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and CaTiO3 increases and retains their indirect nature. The total/partial/elemental density of states has been estimated for the full description of the band structure. To verify the authenticity of BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and CaTiO3, various optical parameters have been reported such as the real dielectric functions, imaginary dielectric functions, absorption, refractive index, extinction coefficient, energy loss function and reflectivity. All discrepancies in structural parameters, band structure and optical properties occurred due to applied pressure, and BaTiO3, SrTiO3, and CaTiO3 are connected .
Identification in Nonparametric Simultaneous Equations Models

This paper provides conditions for identification of functionals in nonparametric simultaneous equations models with nonadditive unobservable random terms. The conditions are derived from a characterization of observational equivalence between models. We show that, in the models considered, observational equivalence can be characterized by a restriction on the rank of a matrix. The use of the new results is exemplified by deriving previously known results about identification in parametric and nonparametric models as well as new results. A stylized method for analyzing identification, which is useful in some situations, is also presented. Copyright 2008 The Econometric Society.
Logistics Efficiency Optimization of Cross-Border e-Commerce based on Remote Sensing Network Optimization Algorithm

Logistics efficiency optimization of cross-border e-commerce based on the remote sensing network optimization algorithm is studied in the paper. The popularization of 5G mobile communication technology in my country has become an inevitable trend. With the further development of my country's network information technology, it is not a long time to popularize 5G mobile communication technology nationwide. Hence, the theoretical background is selected in this paper. The output can be viewed through the console or store it through the logging system. Write the converted data into the receiving queue of the logistics tracking system DB, and the database background processing code will complete the specific processing of the message, generate the relevant result data, and store it in the corresponding data table according to the rules. Parsed real-time data. Then the integration of the remote sensing algorithms are studied and the system is implemented.
Evaluation of Communication Link Performance and Charging Speed in Self-Powered Internet of Underwater Things Devices

The energy consumption of the Internet of underwater things (IoUT) nodes is a capital aspect that dramatically affects the applicability of wireless optical technologies in several scenarios, such as ocean monitoring or underwater sensor networks. Simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer (SLIPT) is a cost-effective and energy-efficient solution for energy-constrained wireless systems. Nonetheless, the reported battery-charging times for underwater operations are high, which should be improved to make this technology attractive enough to be considered for actual implementations. This paper provides a new SLIPT strategy, introducing a specific optical signal transmission scheme by controlling the transmitted direct current (DC) level component. The scheme is based on a DC-On Off Keying (OOK) modulation with an adjustable signal range (SR) to improve the energy-harvesting process and battery-charging time for underwater operations. The results reveal that the system provides a signal-to-noise ratio higher than 28 dB and the bit-error rate of less than 10−10 which is below the forward error correction limit with improved charging time around 30 minutes and 15 seconds for 5 F and 9.4 mF, respectively over 20 cm, and 63 seconds for 9.4 mF in 50 cm link distance.
The Association between Hand Disinfection Techniques and Their Barriers, as Well as the “Bare below the Elbows” Concept, among Healthcare Professionals—A Study Based on a Polish Population

Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent nosocomial infections. Nevertheless, the hands of healthcare professionals are still the primary route of transmission of pathogens responsible for such infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate hand disinfection techniques and investigate the risk factors that may explain the improper hand disinfection techniques among healthcare workers. We selected 7544 hospital workers directly involved in patient care. We recorded data based on the questionnaires, demographic data, and the preparation of hands for disinfection, including risk factors. Correct hand disinfection was verified by COUCOU BOX, with a UV camera. Proper hand disinfection was demonstrated among 4879 (64.7%) subjects, while 2665 (35.3%) subjects disinfected their hands incorrectly. In most places of work, nurses properly disinfected their hands more often than the physicians, particularly in general departments (62.1% vs. 69.2%; p = 0.0019). We observed that long nails and artificial/polished nails were more often observed in the group of nurses than in the group of physicians (7.3% vs. 4.7%, respectively; p = 0.0006 and 19.3% vs. 10.1%; p = 0.0000), while an inverse relationship was found in relation to watches (24.0% vs. 12.0%; p = 0.0000) and long sleeves (24.4% vs. 8.1%; p = 0.0000). Incorrect and less effective hand hygiene among some groups of hospital workers is still present. Therefore, the continuation of education actions concerned with hand hygiene among healthcare workers is needed.