Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FESD II: A Revised Functional Element SNP Database of Human Ethnicities

Abstract The Functional Element SNPs Database (FESD) categorizes functional elements in human genic regions and provides a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within each area. Users may select a set of SNPs in specific functional elements with haplotype information and obtain flanking sequences for genotyping. Our previous version of FESD has been improved in several ways. We regenerated all the data in FESD II from recently updated source data such as HapMap, UCSC GoldenPath, dbSNP, OMIM, and TRANSFAC ® . Users can obtain information about tagSNPs and simulate LD blocks for each gene from four ethnicities in the HapMap project on the fly. FESD II employs a Java/JSP web interface for better platform portability and higher speed than PHP in the previous version. As a result, FESD II provides its users with more powerful information about functional element SNPs of human ethnicities. Availability: FESD II is freely available from http://sysbio. kribb.re. kr:8080/fesd/.
Saltwater intrusion prediction in coastal aquifers utilizing a weighted-average heterogeneous ensemble of prediction models based on Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence

ABSTRACT Accurate and meaningful prediction of saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers requires appropriate prediction tools. Artificial intelligence-based prediction models and their ensembles have been a better choice for mimicking the complex and nonlinear seawater intrusion progressions in coastal aquifers. This study utilizes a weighted-average ensemble of ‘heterogeneous’ prediction models to predict the saltwater intrusion progression in a coastal aquifer study area. The Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence is employed to calculate the weights of five different prediction model algorithms. Corresponding weights for individual prediction models are utilized in developing the ensemble prediction. Ensemble prediction performance for salinity intrusion in coastal aquifers in this effort is evaluated using several descriptive metrics. The values of the descriptive metrics suggest that the ensemble model performs in the same way as the best model in the ensemble. The methodology is evaluated for an illustrative coastal aquifer study area exposed to pumping-induced saltwater intrusion.
The tolerance of island plant–pollinator networks to alien plants

1. Invasive alien plant species pose a severe threat to native plant communities world‐wide, especially on islands. While many studies focus on the direct impact of alien plants on native systems, indirect effects of plant invaders on co‐flowering natives, for example through competition for pollination services, are less well studied and the results are variable.
The Role of Gangue Mineralogy on Flowsheet Development in Fluorite Processing

Fluorite, CaF2, is considered a strategically important mineral as it is a raw material for many strategic industries. Froth flotation is reported to be the most efficient and economically viable process for the production of an acid-grade product with a CaF2 content of at least 97%. Selective flotation of fluorite from gangue minerals, e.g., calcite and barite, is challenging because these minerals have similar physicochemical properties. This study employed batch flotation tests coupled with mineralogical analysis to design suitable customised flowsheets and efficiently optimised reagent regimes for optimum production of acid-grade fluorite concentrate from two different fluorite ores by the froth flotation process. The effect of pulp temperature on fluorite flotation was investigated in this study with the objective of lowering pulp temperatures in fluorite flotation. The results showed that an acid-grade CaF2 concentrate could be obtained from the flotation of both ores at ambient pulp temperatures. This eliminates the requirement for high-temperature pulp treatment, which would result in a significant reduction in thermal energy costs. This study showed that an understanding of gangue mineralogy is key to process optimisation for acid-grade CaF2 production. Although an acid-grade CaF2 concentrate could be produced from both ores, the flowsheets and reagent regimes were markedly different. For instance, the production of an acid-grade CaF2 product from a high quartz and calcite ore was achieved by employing a simple rougher–multiple cleaner flotation circuit using tannin and sodium silicate as calcite and quartz depressants, respectively. On the other hand, the production of an acid-grade CaF2 product from the flotation of the pyritic ore required a pre-sulphide flotation stage for upfront sulphur removal and the use of a sulphide depressant. Multiple stages of cleaning were required for improved selectivity in the flotation of both ores.
The Impact of Ramadan month on market stock returns anomalies: an empirical investigation of Palestine Exchange (PEX)

The main purpose of the current study is to examine the impact of Ramadan month on stock returns at the Palestine Exchange (PEX). The study sample consists of all Palestinian public shareholding companies listed in the PEX. The comparison period used in this study consists of 30 days before Ramadan month, 30 days after Ramadan month, and Ramadan month (30 days). This gives a total of 90 days in a year for ten years (2006–2016). The GJR-GARCH technique is used. The results of the study show that Ramadan month has a remarkable effect on the stock returns of the companies in the PEX. The results indicate a significant impact on earnings per share (EPS) in the PEX. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between the stock returns and the market value in Ramadan month. The profits are increased in the industrial and investment companies due to the high demands in Ramadan month. Therefore, the companies should work to keep a steady performance in the whole year. Besides, the capacity of industrial and investment companies should be increased to meet the high demand in Ramadan month. This study will help Palestinian investors to effectively time their trading. This study is considered one of the pioneering studies that discuss the impact of Ramadan month on the stock returns in the context of Palestine Stock Exchange.
Interaction of Chalcogenide As4Se96 Films with Electron Beam When Used as Electronic Resists

The interaction of an electron beam with chalcogenide films As4Se96 has been studied. The kinetics of the formation of an electron-induced surface relief in the dose range 9.3 × 10– 9.3×10 μC · cm−2 is established. The parameters of the interaction of a film As4Se96 with an electron beam are calculated. It is shown that the observed point of inversion of the shape of the electron-induced relief can be caused by the crossover of the surface potential. The process of manufacturing the image element by the single-step lithography is realized on the surface of an As4Se96 film. K e yw o r d s: chalcogenide glass, thin films, As–Se, electron-induced surface relief.
Hybrid Inductive-Power-Transfer Battery Chargers for Electric Vehicle Onboard Charging With Configurable Charging Profile

Inductive power transfer (IPT) technologies have gained a wide acceptance in onboard battery charging applications due to some significant advantages over traditional plug-in systems. An IPT battery charger is expected to provide a configurable charging profile consisting of an initial constant current (CC) and a subsequent constant voltage (CV) efficiently. With a wide load range during the charging process, two sets of IPT topologies with the inherent load-independent CC and CV at the same zero-phase angle (ZPA) frequency are commonly combined into a hybrid topology to avoid sophisticated control schemes, while maintaining nearly unity power factor and soft switching of power switches simultaneously. However, the load-independent CC and CV are usually constrained by parameters of a loosely coupled transformer (LCT), making the LCT hard to design. To solve it, this paper systematically presents a method to derive such effective hybrid IPT converters, which starts from some existing topologies having the configurable CC or CV output and cascades a general T network for mode transition. Design principles with fewer mode switches and compensation components are proposed and some available hybrid topologies regardless of the constraint of LCT parameters are given in this paper. Control logic and sensitivities of compensation parameters to the input impedance and the load-independent output are also discussed. Finally, a 1 kW hybrid IPT battery charger prototype based on LCC-LCC and LCC-S topologies is built to verify the theoretical analysis.
Phenomena complexes as targets of explanation in psychopathology: The relational analysis of phenomena approach

In this article, we briefly overview some current approaches to identifying targets of explanation in psychopathology. We suggest that DSM syndromes and symptom network models are too large to facilitate explanatory progress, while approaches couched in the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) are too tightly focused, thereby overlooking the self-maintaining structures and processes that constitute mental disorders. We then present the Relational Analysis of Phenomena (RAP) as a complementary method. The RAP is a metamethodological explanatory framework that prescribes the repeated targeting of “phenomena complexes” (PCs). PCs are small systems of clinical phenomena and their relations. We describe a process by which PCs are targeted, richly described, and then explained. The RAP’s explanatory focus is on the relationships between clinical phenomena, which should help to reveal the constitutional structure of mental disorders. This framework is designed to be useful for theoreticians, research teams planning multidisciplinary investigatory projects, and clinicians reflecting on their explanatory methods.
Homeric Evidences of an Inherently Actional Opposition: ἔξρνκαη vs ἦιζνλ

The paper aims at analyzing the paradigmatic relationship between the verbs ἔξρνκαη and ἦιζνλ in Homeric Greek. Both verbs convey the idea of going within a Homeric suppletive paradigm. Although suppletivism between ἔξρνκαη, εἶκη, ἐιεύζνκαη (future), ἦιζνλ (aorist), εἰιήινπζα (perfect) is generally accepted, there is still uncertainty on both etymology and semantic features involving inherent actionality, with particular reference to ἔξρνκαη. Therefore, the actional status of ἔξρνκαη and its relationship with ἦιζνλ need further investigation. A textual analysis of the Homeric occurrences of both ἔξρνκαη and ἦιζνλ, focusing on the semantic-syntactic discourse context, has shed light on their mutual suppletive relationship and proved that it is ultimately based on their inherently actional opposition within the paradigm.
The fine structure of the nervous system

Novel adhesive-sealant compositions useful for bonding metal and/or glass surfaces are disclosed. These adhesive-sealant compositions are comprised of an aluminous cement and the reaction product of a tetracarboxylic dianhydride or a tricarboxylic monoanhydride and a dihydrazine, dihydrazide or aromatic diamine. The adhesive sealant is capable of withstanding surface temperatures of up to 1,000 DEG F. without loss of adhesive or sealing properties.
The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark

Many species of Drosophila are very important laboratory animals in almost all fields of biological research, because of the ease of culturing on artificial media as well as of their rapid rate of development. Also the study of natural populations, including their living conditions, has become more and more important. "The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia" gives a detailed account of the taxonomy, identification, distribution, and biology of 17 genera and 128 species of West European Drosophilidae. Full descriptions and standardized illustrations of the terminalia are provided for 80 North European species. The aims of this books is to faciliate field work by providing identification keys and by giving hints for further studies on biology, distribution and other aspects of drosophilids.
OCCUPATIONAL RISKS AND JOB STRESS OF HEALTH EMPLOYEES: A RESEARCH IN ARTVIN PROVINCE

Bu arastirmanin amaci saglik calisanlarinin mesleki risklerinin is stresi ile iliskisini degerlendirmek yani; saglik calisanlarinin saglik hizmeti sunumu esnasinda maruz kaldiklari tehlike ve riskleri belirlemek, bu tehlikelerin kaygi duzeyleri ile iliskisini saptamaktir. Arastirmanin evrenini Ocak - Nisan 2019’da arastirmanin yapildigi Artvin ilindeki devlet hastanesinde gorev yapan 294 saglik calisani ve orneklemi 157 saglik calisani olusturmustur. Beck Anksiyete Olcegi (BAO) ve Saglik Calisani Guvenligi Olcegi (SCGO) sorularindan olusan anketten elde edilen veriler SPSS 25 paket programi ile analiz edilmistir.
Compassionate love and dispositional forgiveness: does compassionate love predict dispositional forgiveness?

ABSTRACT Despite the conceptual link between love and forgiveness, empirical evidence for the relationship between the two is scarce. Also, controversy exists surrounding the use of a self-evaluated forgiveness tendency as a measure of dispositional forgiveness. One hundred adults filled out an online survey to provide the data for this study. Compassionate love, commitment to forgiveness, and valuing forgiveness were moderately associated with dispositional forgiveness. Compassionate love predicted dispositional forgiveness over and above all other measures. The feasibility of measuring dispositional forgiveness accounting for the occurrences of actual transgressions and the presence of compassionate love among those showing forgivingness are discussed.
Within‐year movements and site fidelity of Purple Sandpipers during the nonbreeding season

ABSTRACT Although within-year site fidelity to specific wintering sites allows shorebirds to use prior knowledge of resources and microhabitats, such fidelity may also make populations more vulnerable to extirpation in the event of increased predation pressure, habitat loss, or disturbance. In the eastern Atlantic, Purple Sandpipers (Calidris maritima) have been found to be highly faithful to specific sites in wintering areas. However, little is known about the use of wintering areas by these sandpipers along the coast of Maine. We quantified movements of 60 radio-marked Purple Sandpipers in a bay near the mainland and on an offshore cluster of islands along the mid-coast of Maine during two winters (2005–2006 and 2006–2007). Birds marked in early- and mid-December remained until spring migration, with no evidence of onward migration. Mean maximum distances moved did not differ significantly between either males (8.6 ± 1.0 [SE] km; N= 30) and females (7.4 ± 0.8 km; N= 30) or juveniles (9.9 ± 1.6 km; N= 9) and adults (7.8 ± 1.1 km; N= 26). We also detected no monthly (January–May) differences in maximum distances moved. Sixty percent of marked individuals moved ≤5 km between the two most distant relocations and no birds moved >25 km during the 2- to 4-month tracking period. We attribute the high site fidelity primarily to the plentiful prey base in the study area. During a 2-d period with severe cold, feeding areas at locations protected from wave action became encased in ice and birds at these locations moved up to 10 km offshore to sites with less ice. Species with strong site fidelity, like wintering Purple Sandpipers, may be at higher risk in the event of large-scale changes in their food base, increased predation pressure, habitat loss, or disturbance. However, the short-distance movements made when intertidal feeding areas became encased in ice suggest that Purple Sandpipers could potentially move greater distances in response to changing conditions in their wintering areas.
“You’re sitting on a hot soccer field drinking Gatorade…I’m sitting in a yacht club just enjoying the view, enjoying the drinks”: Parental reproduction of social class through school sport sailing

This paper examines the utilisation of light sailing within school sport programmes in Western France and California. Sailing has been identified as a key activity for upper class participation in both France and the USA because it heavily involves intellectual skills, including preparation, tactical decision making, leadership and problem solving. Following on from this, we develop the social class concepts of Pierre Bourdieu (1979) to demonstrate how cultural and economic capitals are sought after and reproduced in comparative school sailing environments to maintain upper class social values and positions. We highlight interview commentary and field observations from a 1.5-year comparative ethnographic study of youth sailors and supporting adults, including coaches, teachers and parents. Our findings indicate that Western French and Californian upper class student sailors and their adult supporters are differentiated from each other in terms of how they prioritise either economic or cultural capital acquisition. This finding aligns with Bourdieusian conceptual distinctions of culturally dominant class and economically dominant class values and membership. Upper class status reinforcement and capital reproduction in these divergent ways reflects distinctive national cultures as well as social and economic structures underpinning youth/school sport and educational participation.
Trust in State and Nonstate Actors: Evidence from Dispute Resolution in Pakistan

This paper investigates whether information about improved public services can help build trust in state institutions and move people away from nonstate actors. We find that (truthful) information about reduced delays in state courts in rural Pakistan leads to citizens reporting higher likelihood of using them and to greater allocations to the state in high-stakes lab games. We also find negative indirect effects on nonstate actors and show that these changes are a response to improved beliefs about state actors, which make individuals interact less with nonstate actors and, we argue, induce them to downgrade their beliefs about these actors.
Synthesis of hydroxyapatite from limestone by using precipitation method

Hydroxyapatite from limestone was synthesized by precipitation method. During the synthesization, the temperature of a 200 mesh sample was increased to 600°C for 3 hours. It was transformed CaCO3 into CaO powder. Then the CaO powder was dissolved with water to get Ca(OH)2, then it dissolved with H3PO4 0.3M as a source of phosphate. The solution was mixed by using magnetic stirrer with a speed of 300 rpm for 1 hour. Then NH4OH 1M solution was periodically dropped to that the solution until it became an alkaline with pH 10. The solution was stood for 24 hours and the precipitate was dried by using an oven in 120°C for 5 hours. Hydroxyapatite powder obtained was characterized by FTIR to see the major functional groups that are formed in hydroxyapatite limestone. The results obtained were 3 functional major groups that are phosphate (PO4 3−), carbonate (CO3 2−) and hydroxyl (OH−) on hydroxyapatite limestone.
Phenotypic plasticity and the evolution of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp

In this thesis, I have investigated factors (cues, benefits, and costs) affecting the evolution of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp ( Carassius carassius ). Inducible defences are favoured over permanent defences when prey have reliable cues to detect predators, when defences are effective but costly, and when predation pressure is variable and unpredictable, but sometimes strong. In a laboratory experiment, presence of northern pike, Esox lucius , induced an increase in body depth in crucian carp. This effect was mediated by chemical cues from the predator. When European perch, Perca fluviatilis , were fed macroinvertebrates, there was no effect, but when perch were fed fish, crucian carp increased in body depth. The cues responsible for the effect was therefore related to the piscivorous diet. I then investigated how crucian carp respond behaviourally to waterborne cues. Crucian carp with no prior experience of piscivores were capable of distinguishing piscivorous, unfamiliar species (pike, perch) from a non-piscivorous, unfamiliar species (roach, Rutilus rutilus ). Crucian carp fright behaviour, e.g. decreases in swimming activity, was influenced by both alarm substance-related (a specific substance indicating a predation event) and general, predator-related cues. Anti-predator behaviour was less pronounced in deep-bodied individuals coexisting with predators. Deep-bodied crucian carp were more difficult to handle for pike, which is a gape-limited predator. Further, when given a choice, pike preferred shallow-bodied individuals. Thus, the increase in body depth benefits crucian carp and can be viewed as a morphological defence. In a field experiment, I found that deep-bodied crucian carp suffered a density-dependent cost, a lower body mass gain relative to shallow-bodied conspecifics at high population densities. I then showed that theoretical drag is consistently higher for deep-bodied individuals, which should lead to higher swimming costs. Using swimming respirometry, I found that energy expenditure during locomotion increased more rapidly for deep-bodied crucian carp. However, these fish had lower standard metabolic rates, and costs of transport at maximum range velocity was similar for the two morphs. Using a modelling approach, I showed that although modifications of standard metabolic rate may partially compensate for hydrodynamically disadvantageous designs, deviations from optimal velocities are more expensive for deep-bodied individuals. Furthermore, shallow-bodied individuals will have competitive advantages when foraging in a patchy environment.
Lipid Microdomains Are Required Sites for the Selective Endocytosis and Nuclear Translocation of IFN-γ, Its Receptor Chain IFN-γ Receptor-1, and the Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation of STAT1α1

IFN-γ contains a nuclear localization sequence that may play a role in the nuclear transport of activated STAT1α via a complex of IFN-γ/IFN-γ receptor (IFNGR)-1/STAT1α with the nuclear importer nucleoprotein interactor 1. In this study, we examine the mechanism of endocytosis of IFNGR-1 and the relationship of its nuclear translocation to that of STAT1α. In untreated WISH cells, both IFNGR-1 and IFNGR-2 were constitutively localized within caveolae-like microdomains isolated from plasma membrane. However, treatment of cells with IFN-γ resulted in rapid migration of IFNGR-1, but not IFNGR-2, from these microdomains. Filipin pretreatment, which specifically inhibits endocytosis from caveolae-like microdomains, inhibited the nuclear translocation of IFN-γ and IFNGR-1 as well as the tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1α, but did not affect the binding of IFN-γ to these cells. In the Jurkat T lymphocyte cell line, which does not express caveolin-1, nuclear translocation of IFNGR-1 and STAT1α were similarly inhibited by filipin pretreatment. Isolation of lipid microdomains from Jurkat cells showed that both IFNGR-1 and IFNGR-2 were associated with lipid microdomains only after stimulation with IFN-γ, suggesting that the IFNGR subunits are recruited to lipid microdomains by IFN-γ binding in lymphocytes (Jurkat) in contrast to their constitutive presence in epithelial (WISH) cells. In contrast, treatments that block clathrin-dependent endocytosis did not inhibit either activation or nuclear translocation of STAT1α or the nuclear translocation of IFN-γ or IFNGR-1. Thus, membrane lipid microdomains play an important role in IFN-γ-initiated endocytic events involving IFNGR-1, and the nuclear translocation of IFN-γ, IFNGR-1, and STAT1α.