Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Grazing networks provide useful functional connectivity for plants in fragmented systems

Question To what extent does the movement of animals between fragmented habitat patches provide functional connectivity via endozoochorous seed dispersal? Location The Stockholm archipelago, Sweden. Methods We followed all movements of livestock between islands during one grazing season. After each movement, manure was collected and its seed content assessed through seedling emergence. Seedling data were then compared to vegetation surveys from the grazed islands with regard to functional traits. Results Light- and nitrogen-demanding locally abundant species, and those with relatively small and persistent seeds were more likely to be moved between islands. For quantitative traits, only a subset of the available trait ranges were dispersed, with extreme values left behind. Species apparently specialized to other means of dispersal emerged from the manure samples. Neither dispersed traits nor seed density changed with timing of movement, but seed richness and diversity both increased throughout the season. The subsets of endozoochorously-dispersed species in the established vegetation were more similar than non-dispersed subsets between islands linked by livestock. Conclusions Grazing networks contribute to the connectivity of the core species in the system, and could provide useful tools for grassland management in fragmented landscapes.
Drug sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from samples of different biological and environmental sources

A total of 100 different E. coli isolates collected from 10 different biological and environmental sources (10 isolates from each source) such as human faces, human urine, cattle, sheep, goat, chicken, duck, pigeon, drain sewage and soil were used for in-vitro drug sensitivity test in the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from January to May 2007. Ten different drugs such as Gentamicin (GM), Azithromycin (AZM), Erythromycin (E), Levofloxacin (LVX), Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Tetracycline (TE), Amoxicillin (A), Ampicillin (AP), Nalidixic acid (NA) and Metronidazole (MET) were used in this study. Sensitivity test was carried out by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per recommendation of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards and efficacy of a drug was determined by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition that results from diffusion of the agent in to the medium surrounding the disc. A high of 80% and 78% E. coli isolates collectively from all the selected sources were sensitive to LVX and CIP respectively, followed by GM (46%), AZM (45%), TE (30%), AP (29%), E (19%), NA (18%) and A (15%). No isolate was sensitive to MET (0%). Incase of resistance, 96% isolates were resistant to MET, followed by A (72%), E (69%), NA (67%), TE (60%), AP (59%), AZM (33%) and GM (32%), CIP (8%) and LVX (5%). A number of isolates showed intermediate reaction to GM (22%), AZM (22%), LVX (15%), NA (15%), CIP (14%), A(13%), AP (12%), E (12%), TE (10%) and MET (4%). This may be an intermediate phase for the conversion of E. coli isolates from sensitive to resistant form. From the research it may be concluded that E. coli infection of different animals and birds and also of human being may be treated effectively with LVX and CIP followed by GM and AZM.
Powerful mobile nodes for enhancing wireless sensor networks' security and lifetime

To maintain the proper functioning of critical applications based on Wireless Sensor Networks, we must provide an acceptable level of security while taking into account limited capabilities of the sensors. In this paper we proposed a mobile approach to secure data exchanged by structured nodes in cluster. The approach is based on mobile nodes with significant calculation and energy resources that allow cryptographic key management and periodic rekeying. However, mobility in wireless sensor networks aims to increase the security and lifetime of the entire network. The technical methods used in this paper are based on cryptography elliptic curves and key management through a balanced binary tree. To compare the performance of the proposed approach with other mobile algorithms, we focused on the following metrics: the energy consumed by normal sensors and cluster heads, the number of packets exchanged during key installation, time to generate and distribute cryptographic keys, and the memory used by the different sensors to store keys.
Pollution Dispersion Modeling for Concentrations of PM, SOX and NOX around Manali Region, India

The Manali industrial area is one of the largest petrochemical complexes in India and the only petrochemical complex in the state of Tamil Nadu which generates huge quantities of pollutants such as Sox, NOx and PM. The study region spreads over an aerial extent of 800 hectares intersected by villages and inhabited areas, which is located at Latitude 13 o 10’04” N and Longitude 80 o 15’43” E. The total population of Manali is 58,174 as per Census, 2001. In this study maximum ground level concentrations of air pollution around Manali region were modeled for four different industries using AERMOD dispersion modeling software. The study characterizes the emission concentration of SOx, NOx and PM individually for different sources. Further a complex model was generated towards estimating the maximum ground level concentrations around Manali region. The results revealed that the annual concentrations of pollutants SOx (148 to 170 μg/m 3 ) and NOx (74 to 93 μg/m 3 ) exceed the prescribed Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) annual standards of 50 μg/ m 3 and 40 μg/m 3 . The study concluded with the identification of hotspot area around Manali region like TKS Nagar, Eastern part of Thiruvottiyur village for excess concentration of SOx and NOx. The individual analysis of industrial sources revealed that the excess concentration observed around Manali region is due to the uncontrolled stack emission of M/s.TPL and is a major threat to the sustainable livelihood of human population.
A Study of Large Reflector Antenna mounted on Communication Satellite for Satellite /Terrestrial Mobile Communication System

We have been researching and developing the STICS (Satellite / Terrestrial Integrated Mobile Communication System). For this system, a large satellite antenna technology is very important and we have been studying the antenna with approximately 30m aperture size. This antenna consists of the deployable reflector and the phased array feed and performs the multi beam formation. Number of array elements and beams are about 100 respectively. But the high accuracy of beam control, as pointing, beam shape and side lobe level, will be required because the beam width is very narrow as about 200km at S band. Digital beam former and digital channelizer (DBF/DC) was developed for this system. DBF/DC has excellent flexibility for beam shaping function. In this paper, we summarize study, discussion and experiment of large reflector antenna for STICS, and describe technical issue of this antenna.
Early evolution of the hyperdiverse rove beetle tribe Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) and a revision of its higher classification

The rove beetle tribe Staphylinini (Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) is a monophyletic lineage of over 5500 relatively large and charismatic species, yet its higher classification remains deeply rooted in historical concepts. Despite recent progress toward inferring phylogenetic relationships within this group using morphological and molecular datasets, relationships among taxa that were united under a polyphyletic “Quediina” remain largely unknown. To infer these relationships, we analysed a six‐gene dataset (4370 bp) using parsimony and model‐based analyses and the results were placed in the context of morphology. While all genes contributed synapomorphies for major lineages or relationships between them, carbamoyl synthetase (CAD), topoisomerase I (TP) and wingless (Wg) were the most informative. TP was generally most informative at the level of subtribe, Wg above this level and CAD throughout the tree. The monophyly of Staphylinini was strongly supported and analyses support seven clades that correspond to higher taxonomic levels, four of which are formally described as subtribes here: Acylophorina stat. rev., Cyrtoquediina new subtribe, Erichsoniina new subtribe and Indoquediina new subtribe. The majority of Staphylinini taxa were recovered within a well‐supported “northern hemisphere clade” that is weakly represented in the southern hemisphere. The composition and morphological diagnosis of the “Staphylinini propria” clade are revised, and the pronotum shape historically associated with this group is shown to have evolved multiple times elsewhere in Staphylinini. The genus Stevensia is moved from Staphylinina to Acylophorina based on morphological evidence. Cyrtoquedius stat. nov., previously a subgenus of Quedius, is raised to the genus level. The following 32 new combinations (from Quedius) are proposed: Cyrtoquedius anthracinus (Solsky); C. arrogans (Sharp); C. basiventris (Sharp); C. bolivianus (Sharp); C. bruchi (Bernhauer); C. clypealis (Sharp); C. concolor (Sharp); C. flavicaudus (Sharp); C. flavinasis (Bernhauer); C. frenatus (Erichson); C. graciliventris (Sharp); C. jacobi (Scheerpeltz); C. jocosus (Sharp); C. labiatus (Erichson); C. laeviventris (Bernhauer); C. mexicanus (Sharp); C. ochropygus (Bernhauer); C. ogloblini (Bernhauer); C. ornatocollis (Bierig); C. protensus (Sharp); C. rufinasus (Sharp); C. verecundus (Sharp); C. verres (Smetana); Indoquedius borneensis (Cameron); I. dispersepunctatus (Scheerpeltz); I. javanus (Cameron); I. malaisei (Scheerpeltz); I. micantiventris (Scheerpeltz); I. parallelicollis (Scheerpeltz); I. philippinus (Cameron); I. recticollis (Scheerpeltz); and I. sanguinipennis (Scheerpeltz). Cyrtoquedius verres is recorded from the state of Georgia (USA) for the first time, which, together with its transfer from Quedius, extends the distribution of the Cyrtoquediina significantly northward into the Nearctic.
Survival and growth of hatchery-produced postlarvae and spat of the Caribbean scallops Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus

A study was made of the growth and survival of postlarvae and spat of Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus produced in the laboratory and exposed to different conditions of settlement and culture. An evaluation was made of the different types of collection substrates (onion-bags, artificial-grass, fibreglass-plates), two types of settlement inducers (epinephrine, low temperature), and two culture environments (sea, laboratory). The results showed that larger numbers of postlarvae were obtained in artificial-grass collectors than on fibreglass-plates or in the onion-bags. The growth of the A. nucleus postlarvae was not affected by the collector type, while that of N. nodosus was higher on fibreglass-plates, and lesser in the onion-bags. Both thermal and chemical stimulation of the competent larvae resulted in recovery of a greater percentage of postlarvae. The growth of postlarvae of A. nucleus was better in groups exposed to the two methods of settlement induction, while those of N. nodosus remained unaffected by this treatment. The survival of the postlarvae and spat was greater in the laboratory than at sea except in the case of A. nucleus postlarvae attached to collectors, whose survival was similar in both environments. The growth of postlarvae and spat was greater in the sea than in the laboratory.
Review article: The imaging of what in the multilingual mind?

In this review article it is argued that while the number of neuro-imaging (NI) studies on multilingual processing has exploded over the last few years, the contribution of such studies to enhance our understanding of the process of multilingual processing has not been very substantial. There are problems on various levels, which include the following issues: ownership of the field of NI and multilingualism, whether relevant background characteristics are assessed adequately, whether we consider variation as a problem or a source of information, what NI tells us about multilingual development, whether the native speaker is the norm in NI research, the added value of NI data, what information NI provides, and what the contribution of NI research is to theories about the multilingual brain. The conclusion is that as yet NI has not fulfilled the high expectations raised by the technical progress and the large number of studies that have been carried out.
8. Dynamic Networks and Behavior: Separating Selection from Influence

A recurrent problem in the analysis of behavioral dynamics, given a simultaneously evolving social network, is the difficulty of separating the effects of partner selection from the effects of social influence. Because misattribution of selection effects to social influence, or vice versa, suggests wrong conclusions about the social mechanisms underlying the observed dynamics, special diligence in data analysis is advisable. While a dependable and validmethod would benefit several research areas, according to the best of our knowledge, it has been lacking in the extant literature. In this paper, we present a recently developed family of statistical models that enables researchers to separate the two effects in a statistically adequate manner. To illustrate our method, we investigate the roles of homophile selection and peer influence mechanisms in the joint dynamics of friendship formation and substance use among adolescents. Making use of a three-wave panel measured in the years 1995–1997 at a school in Scotland, we are able to assess the strength of selection and influence mechanisms and quantify the relative contributions of homophile selection, assimilation to peers, and control mechanisms to observed similarity of substance use among friends.
IL-6 174 G/C Polymorphism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The results of previous studies on the association between IL-6-174G/C (rs1800795) polymorphism and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are not consistent. The present meta-analysis has pooled all eligible studies to understand the relation between this gene polymorphism and IBD risk. A structured search of Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were performed to identify all eligible studies published before June 2017. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed applying fixedor random-effect models to evaluate the strength of association in recessive model, dominant model, allelic model, heterozygote contrast, and homozygotes contrast. A sum of 9 articles with 1524 IBD cases and 1586 healthy subjects were included in this study. No significant association between the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism and overall IBD susceptibility in any tested genetic model was found. Moreover, in the subgroup analysis based on subtypes, the associations between the IL-6 174-G/C polymorphism and CD and UC missed statistical significance. The current meta-analysis suggests that the IL6-174 G/C polymorphism is not associated with IBD susceptibility. Further and comprehensive studies are necessary to warrant this result. © 2018 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Med Iran 2018;56(12):740-749.
Energy Aware Trajectory Optimization for Aerial Base Stations

By fully exploiting the mobility of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), UAV-based aerial base stations (BSs) can move closer to ground users to achieve better communication conditions. In this paper, we consider a scenario where an aerial BS is dispatched for satisfying the data request of a maximum number of ground users, weighted according to their data demand, before exhausting its on-board energy resources. The resulting trajectory optimization problem is a mixed integer non-linear problem (MINLP) which is challenging solve. Specifically, there are coupling constraints which cannot be solved directly. We exploit a penalty decomposition method to reformulate the optimization formulation into a new form and use block coordinate descent technique to decompose the problem into sub-problems. Then, successive convex approximation technique is applied to tackle non-convex constraints. Finally, we propose a double-loop iterative algorithm for the UAV trajectory design. In addition, to achieve a better coverage performance, the problem of designing the initial trajectory for the UAV trajectory is considered. In the results section, UAV trajectories with the proposed algorithm are shown. Numerical results show the coverage performance with the proposed schemes compared to the benchmarks.
A Survey of Mixed Data Clustering Algorithms

Most of the datasets normally contain either numeric or categorical features. Mixed data comprises of both numeric and categorical features, and they frequently occur in various domains, such as health, finance, marketing, etc. Clustering is often sought on mixed data to find structures and to group similar objects. However, clustering mixed data is challenging because it is difficult to directly apply mathematical operations, such as summation, average etc. on the feature values of these datasets. In this paper, we review various types of mixed data clustering techniques in detail. We present a taxonomy to identify ten types of different mixed data clustering techniques. We also compare the performance of several mixed data clustering methods on publicly available datasets. The paper further identifies challenges in developing different mixed data clustering algorithms and provides guidelines for future directions in this area. INDEX TERMS Categorical Features, Clustering, Mixed Datasets, Numeric Features
Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility on Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Double Mediation Analysis

Previous literature has examined the direct relationship between the concept of corporate social responsibility & organizational citizenship behavior. Present study is investigating the mediated link between CSR & OCB through organizational justice & organizational identification. Theory of Social exchange & social identity are supporting our study by providing foundations for interpretation that organizational social responsible behavior can influence OCB of employees through justice and their identification perception. Tests applied to the randomly selected data of 212 employees from different organizations of Pakistan. Our findings show fully mediated relationship between CSR & OCB through organizational justice and organizational identification. CSR towards employees has a strong relationship with OCB. The findings in this study will help in enhancing role of CSR for employees OCB
A REVIEW OF 3D GIS FOR USE IN CREATING VIRTUAL HISTORIC DUBLIN

Abstract. This paper illustrates how BIM integration with GIS is approached as part of the workflow in creating Virtual Historic Dublin. A design for a WEB based interactive 3D model of historic buildings and centres in Dublin City (Virtual Historic Dublin City) paralleling smart city initiates is now under construction and led by the National Monuments at the Office of Public Works in Ireland. The aim is to facilitate the conservation and maintenance of historic infrastructure and fabric and the dissemination of knowledge for education and cultural tourism using an extensive Historic Building Information Model. Remote sensing data is now processed with greater ease to create 3D intelligent models in Historic BIM. While the use of remote sensing, HBIM and game engine platforms are the main applications used at present, 3D GIS has potential to form part of the workflow for developing the Virtual Historic City. 2D GIS is now being replaced by 3D spatial data allowing more complex analysis to be carried out, 3D GIS can define and depict buildings, urban rural centres in relation to their geometry topological, semantic and visualisation properties. The addition of semantic attributes allows complex analysis and 3D spatial queries for modelling city and urban elements. This analysis includes fabric and structural elements of buildings, relief, vegetation, transportation, water bodies, city furniture and land use.
Genome-wide Insilico analysis of plant two component signaling system in woody model plant Populus trichocarpa.

The two-component system (TCS) which works on the principle of histidine-aspartate phosphorelay signaling, is known to play an important role in diverse physiologicalprocesses in lower organisms and emerged as an important signaling system in both prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic systems including plants. Employing various bioinformatics tools, we have characterized TCS signaling candidate genes in the genome of Populus trichocarpa . In this study we present an overview of TCS gene families in P. tricocarpha , including gene structures, conserved motifs, chromosome locations, andphylogeny. This analysis indicates a total of 49 genes out of which at least 12 belongs tohistidine kinases (8 histidine kinase (PtHK) and 4 ethylene responsive (PtETR)), 12 pseudo phosphotransfers(PtHPT) and 9 type-A(PtRRA), 11 type-B (PtRRB), and 5 pseudo-responseregulator proteins (PtPRR) present on different chromosomes. Fourteen genes encode 22putative histidine kinases with a conserved histidine and other typical histidine kinasesignature sequences, five phosphotransfer genes encoding seven phosphotransfer proteins,and 32 response regulator genes encoding 44 proteins. Structural and phylogenetic analysesof populous TCS members with their Arabidopsis and rice counterparts revealed similararchitecture of their TCSs. Our analysis provides insights into the conservation anddivergence of this important signaling machinery in woody plants.
Molecular characterization of rpoB gene encoding the RNA polymerase β subunit in rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from south India

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mediated direct DNA sequencing was evaluated for rapid detection of Rifampicin resistance (RMP r ) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After amplification of the rpoB gene, the product was sequenced using ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer and the rifampicin resistance in M. tuberculosis were assessed using the sequence pattern. Among the 100 isolates, 83 isolates were rifampicin sensitive, exhibited a wild-type pattern on PCR mediated direct sequencing, and remaining 17 isolates were resistant. All the RMP r isolates were multidrug resistant, that is, resistant to at least Rifampicin and isoniazid. The mutation rate at the most effected codon 526 in the 81 bp rifampin resistance-determining region (RRDR) of rpoB gene was determined to be 35.29% in isolates from South India. In addition, the mutation rate at the most affected codon 451 was in the out side of the 81bp RRDR region of rpoB gene. A synonym mutation was detected (Thr→Thr) at codon 526 in one isolate, which was inside the active site (codons 507-533) of RMP binding in the rpoB gene region. The sequencing analysis for genotypic evaluation of Rifampicin resistance in highly sensitive assay provides a practical alternative to in vitro testing in M. tuberculosis . Key words: Rifampin resistance, Mycobacterium tuberculosis , rpoB gene, sequencing, mutation.