Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pay As You Grow

In Florida, the local plans are in, the dickering is almost done. Now, before a new housing or office development is permitted adequate infrastructure must be in place—concurrently. At issue is the section Florida's Growth Management Act, which states: It is the intent of the Legislature that the public facilities and services needed to support development shall be available concurrent with the impacts of development. The penalty for noncompliance is a cutoff of state funds, mainly for revenue sharing. The legislature passed the act in 1985 in response to rapid development (Florida's population has almost doubled since the 1970s), an overburdened infrastructure and a threatened environment. Following acceptance of a statewide comprehensive plan, more than 450 local governments (both county and city) began submitting plans that outline the next 20 years of local development to the Department of Community Affairs (DCA) for approval. The last of the local plans were submitted last summer. Many local communities throughout the U.S. have had similar adequate facilities ordinances, but Florida is the first to adopt such a policy statewide. Even though the legislature never meant for concurrency to stop development, without funding for the prerequisite facilities it can.
Determining the Workload of Driving Scenarios using Ratings to Support Safety and Usability Assessments

: How long will it take a driver to take over if the automation fails? Is a particular driver interface too distracting? How comparable are the workloads from 2 studies that involve different roads and traffic? The answer to these driving safety related questions depends upon the workload drivers experience, which should be calculable from data or descriptions of road geometry and traffic. For this purpose, 24 subjects rated the workload of 200 driving scenarios on a 0 to 100 scale. Those scenarios were combinations of road type (urban, rural, expressways, residential streets), traffic, road geometry, the lane driven, and other factors (e.g., 4-lane, straight rural road with 8-foot paved shoulder and 8-foot grass strip beyond that). Finding 1: Those ratings were found to be reliable and well correlated (r=0.75) with ratings collected using the anchored-clip rating method. Finding 2: Workload was predicted by an additive model that used a table of values provided herein. (For example, for urban roads, add 9 points to the base rating for heavy traffic, but 12 points for expressways.) In fact, traffic consistently had the largest effect on workload ratings, with the difference between no traffic and heavy traffic being 50 %.
Application of machine learning models based on ANN and GA coupling algorithms in hydrological runoff simulation

Hydrological forecast technology plays an important role in water resources management for agricultural irrigation, water supply and flood control in urban and rural areas. However, how to improve the applicability of runoff forecast models has always been a major difficulty in water resources research. As the largest water system in North China, the Haihe River Basin has experienced severe water shortages in recent years, which has put tremendous pressure on water supply in northern China. Based on monthly runoff observed at 15 hydrological stations from 2001 to 2018, this paper takes the Haihe River Basin as the study area and applies the simple ANN (artificial neural network) model, the GAANN coupling model, and the SWAT model to forecasting monthly runoff respectively. Four evaluation criteria (R2, NSE, RMSE, MAE) for prediction performance of models are used with a view to discussing the applicability of different models to hydrological forecast of rivers in resource-deficient areas of North China.
Domestic Environment and Gut Microbiota: Lessons from Pet Dogs

Accumulating data show the involvement of intestinal microbiota in the development and maintenance of numerous diseases. Many environmental factors influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota. An animal model subjected to the same environmental constraints that will allow better characterization of the microbiota–host dialogue is awaited. The domestic dog has physiological, dietary and pathological characteristics similar to those of humans and shares the domestic environment and lifestyle of its owner. This review exposes how the domestication of dogs has brought them closer to humans based on their intrinsic and extrinsic similarities which were discerned through examining and comparing the current knowledge and data on the intestinal microbiota of humans and canines in the context of several spontaneous pathologies, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and diabetes mellitus.
Effect of miR-196a2 rs11614913 Polymorphism on Cancer Susceptibility: Evidence From an Updated Meta-Analysis

Background: MiR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism has been studied in a wide range of cancers throughout the years. Despite a large number of epidemiological studies performed in almost all ethnic populations, the contribution of this polymorphism to cancer risk is still inconclusive. Therefore, this updated meta-analysis was performed to estimate a meticulous correlation between miR-196a2 rs11614913 variant and cancer susceptibility. Methods: A systematic study search was carried out using PubMed, ScienceDirect, CNKI, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases following PRISMA guidelines to find necessary literature up to December 15, 2021. Pooled odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated using RevMan 5.4 based on ethnicities, cancer types, control sources, and genotyping methods. Results: A total of 152 studies, including 120 135 subjects (53 818 patients and 66 317 controls; 140 studies, after removing studies that deviated from HWE: 51 459 cases and 62 588 controls), were included in this meta-analysis. Quantitative synthesis suggests that the miR-196a2 rs11614913 genetic variant is significantly correlated with the reduced risk of overall cancer in CDM2, CDM3, RM, and AM (odds ratio < 1 and P < .05). It is also observed from ethnicity-based subgroup analysis that rs11614913 polymorphism is significantly (P < .05) linked with cancer in the Asian (in CDM2, CDM3, RM, AM) and the African population (in CDM1, CDM3, ODM). Stratified analysis based on the cancer types demonstrated a significantly decreased correlation for breast, hepatocellular, lung, and gynecological cancer and an increased association for oral and renal cell cancer. Again, the control population-based subgroup analysis reported a strongly reduced correlation for HB population in CDM2, RM, and AM. A substantially decreased risk was also observed for other genotyping methods in multiple genetic models. Conclusions: MiR-196a2 rs11614913 variant is significantly correlated with overall cancer susceptibility. Besides, rs11614913 is correlated with cancer in Asians and Africans. It is also correlated with breast, gynecological, hepatocellular, lung, oral, and renal cell cancer.
Hydrogen Sulfide Alleviates Manganese Stress in Arabidopsis

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to participate in various stress responses in plants, including drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, osmotic stress, and heavy metal stress. Manganese (Mn), as a necessary nutrient for plant growth, plays an important role in photosynthesis, growth, development, and enzymatic activation of plants. However, excessive Mn2+ in the soil can critically affect plant growth, particularly in acidic soil. In this study, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was used to explore the mechanism of H2S participation and alleviation of Mn stress. First, using wild-type Arabidopsis with excessive Mn2+ treatment, the following factors were increased: H2S content, the main H2S synthetase L-cysteine desulfhydrase enzyme (AtLCD) activity, and the expression level of the AtLCD gene. Further, using the wild-type, AtLCD deletion mutant (lcd) and overexpression lines (OE5 and OE32) as materials, the phenotype of Arabidopsis seedlings was observed by exogenous application of hydrogen sulfide donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and scavenger hypotaurine (HT) under excessive Mn2+ treatment. The results showed that NaHS can significantly alleviate the stress caused by Mn2+, whereas HT aggravates this stress. The lcd mutant is more sensitive to Mn stress than the wild type, and the overexpression lines are more resistant. Moreover, the mechanism of H2S alleviating Mn stress was determined. The Mn2+ content and the expression of the Mn transporter gene in the mutant were significantly higher than those of the wild-type and overexpression lines. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species was significantly reduced in NaHS-treated Arabidopsis seedlings and AtLCD overexpression lines, and the activities of various antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) also significantly increased. In summary, H2S is involved in the response of Arabidopsis to Mn stress and may alleviate the inhibition of Mn stress on Arabidopsis seedling growth by reducing Mn2+ content, reducing reactive oxygen species content, and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity. This study provides an important basis for further study of plant resistance to heavy metal stress.
Simultaneous Extraction of Planetary Boundary-Layer Height and Aerosol Optical Properties from Coherent Doppler Wind Lidar

Planetary boundary-layer height is an important physical quantity for weather forecasting models and atmosphere environment assessment. A method of simultaneously extracting the surface-layer height (SLH), mixed-layer height (MLH), and aerosol optical properties, which include aerosol extinction coefficient (AEC) and aerosol optical depth (AOD), based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the same coherent Doppler wind lidar (CDWL) is proposed. The method employs wavelet covariance transform to locate the SLH and MLH using the local maximum positions and an automatic algorithm of dilation operation. AEC and AOD are determined by the fitting curve using the SNR equation. Furthermore, the method demonstrates the influential mechanism of optical properties on the SLH and MLH. MLH is linearly correlated with AEC and AOD because of solar heating increasing. The results were verified by the data of an ocean island site in China.
Design of 28nm FD-SOI CMOS 800MS/s SAR ADC for wireless applications

As user expectations for higher bandwidth continue to rise, new techniques are required. One such is the massive-Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), building on dozens or hundreds of antennas all having their own antenna. Making compact, low cost transceivers then becomes essential. Silicon technology fulfils the cost while suffering in terms of performance which needs to be compensated for by active pre-distortion which require an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). This converter must have low power consumption, small footprint and achieve high sample rates in order to be useful. This work tries to fulfil these demands by implementing a Successive-Approximation- Register (SAR) Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) in a 28nm Fully Depleted Silicon on Insulator (FD-SOI) Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process. The converter has been implemented based on the principle of alternating comparators in combination with a redundantly scaled Capacitive Digital-to-Analog Converter (CDAC) that help increase the operation speed. The implementation also includes additional circuitry in order to support testing of the circuit. The implemented ADC shows an SNDR = 38.4 dB at a sample rate of 800MS/s. The converter consumes 1.1mW of power while doing this which results in a FoMW = 20.3 fJ/conversion step. This Figure of Merit (FoM) is among the lowest reported for high speed ADC.
Structure and Dynamics of Human Perilipin 3 Membrane Association

Lipid droplets (LDs) are a unique organelle that contain an oil core mainly composed of triglycerides that is surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer and coated by LD‐associated proteins called perilipins (PLINs). There are five PLINs in human that generally contain a highly conserved N‐terminal PAT domain of unclear function, followed by variable stretches of amphipathic helices previously implicated in LD association, and a C‐terminal 4‐helix bundle domain. During the process of LD biogenesis, perilipin 3 (PLIN3) is the first PLIN to be recruited to nascent LDs as they emerge from the endoplasmic reticulum. However, how PLIN3 recruitment to LDs is affected by lipid composition, and the structure and dynamics of PLIN membrane association has not been examined in detail. Here, using liposome co‐sedimentation and LD‐flotation assays we found that PLIN3 membrane association was enhanced by membrane packing defects and further promoted by the triglyceride precursors diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidic acid. Hydrogen‐deuterium exchange mass spectrometry experiments identified that both the PAT domain and amphipathic helices undergo a transition upon membrane binding from intrinsically disordered to an ordered state. Using constructs containing different portions of the PAT domain and amphipathic helices, we identify a new functional PAT domain that contains all conserved residues and is strongly recruited to DAG enriched membranes. Consistent with these findings, this newly determined functional PAT domain is predicted to form a triangular helical tertiary structure by alphafold and RoseTTAfold. Taken together, this study reveals molecular details of PLIN3 recruitment to membranes and suggests a role for the PAT domain as a major driver of PLIN3 to DAG enriched membranes, which is consistent with the localization of PLIN3 on early nascent LDs.
Effect of thermomechanical processing on microstructure characteristics of γ-TiAl-based alloy

In this study, the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) of the γ-TiAl-based alloy was modified through the thermomechanical processing route. A compression test was conducted to identify the mechanical property improvements based on the grain boundary engineering (GBE) treatment. After multidirectional isothermal forging (MDIF) and annealing, the average grain size was refined to 20 µm. The length ratio of the low Σ (1 ≤ Σ ≤ 29) coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries increased to 64.01%, with the alloy exhibiting a higher compressive strength (2913 MPa) and maximum compression ratio (45.3%), owing to the strengthening mechanism of grain boundaries and dislocations. Consequently, the combination of MDIF and annealing could be used for grain refinement and tuning GBCD of γ-TiAl-based alloys.
A dual‐band filtering structure for highly selective reconfigurable bandpass filter and filtering balun

This article proposes a filtering structure consisting of two half‐wavelength resonators and two open‐stub loaded resonators, which generates two third‐order passbands. Multiple transmission zeros are introduced by the newly developed coupling scheme, resulting in extremely sharp roll‐off desirable for highly selective filters. The proposed structure is applied to design a PIN‐diodes switch‐controlled reconfigurable dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) with four‐state filtering responses: both passbands ON, both passbands OFF, high‐frequency passband ON, and low‐frequency passband ON. Stepped‐impedance open stubs and one‐end‐grounded coupled lines are studied and employed in the design to suppress unwanted responses. In addition, two filtering structures are placed symmetrically to design a dual‐band balun BPF. Double‐sided parallel‐strip lines are added in the input port of the filter, and their inherent out‐of‐phase feature enables the balun filter to convert unbalanced signal to balanced signal at desired frequencies. The measured results of both fabricated devices agree well with the simulated results. The switchable BPF and balun BPF have two passbands (2.8 and 4.8 GHz) with high selectivity with the minimum roll‐offs from −3 to −15 dB are 1.70 × 103 and 2.71 × 103 dB/decade, respectively. The insertion loss of the switchable BPF is 2.3/2.0 dB and the minimum signal suppressions level OFF state is measured as −18.2 dB. The insertion loss of the balun BPF is 1.8/1.4 dB, and the phase and magnitude imbalances are less than 0.3 dB and 5°, respectively. The excellent performances of the implemented filter and filtering balun successfully demonstrate the advantages and design efficacy of the proposed filtering structure for different applications.
A New Approach to Backtesting and Risk Model Selection

Backtesting risk measures represent a challenge and complex methods are often required. In this paper, we propose a new framework for backtesting that can be applied to every risk measures. We base our approach on the formalization of the concept of level of coverage associated with the risk model. Thus, we propose two simple hypothesis tests based only on results of probability theory without requiring any approximation or simulation. In addition, within this new framework, we introduce a methodology for selecting the best performing model among all the existing alternatives. This proposal adds value to the current state of the art, since, using the traditional loss function approach, any comparison among forecasting outcomes of different risk models appeared to be meaningless.
Land-Use Driven Changes in Soil Microbial Community Composition and Soil Fertility in the Dry-Hot Valley Region of Southwestern China

The Dry-Hot Valley is a unique geographical region in southwestern China, where steep-slope cultivation and accelerating changes in land-use have resulted in land degradation and have aggravated soil erosion, with profound impacts on soil fertility. Soil microbes play a key role in soil fertility, but the impact of land-use changes on soil microbes in the Dry-Hot Valley is not well known. Here, we compared characteristics and drivers of soil microbial community composition and soil fertility in typical Dry-Hot Valley land uses of sugarcane land (SL), forest land (FL), barren land (BL) converted from former maize land (ML), and ML control. Our results showed that BL and SL had reduced soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total potassium (TK) compared to ML and FL. This indicated that conversion of ML to SL and abandonment of ML had the potential to decrease soil fertility. We also found that fungal phyla Zoopagomycota and Blastocladiomycota were absent in SL and BL, respectively, indicating that land-use change from ML to SL decreased the diversity of the bacterial community. Redundancy analysis indicated that the relative abundance of bacterial phyla was positively correlated with TN, SOC, and available potassium (AK) content, and that fungal phyla were positively correlated with AK. Land-use indirectly affected the relative abundance of bacterial phyla through effects on soil moisture, clay, and AK contents, and that of fungal phyla through effects on clay and AK contents. In addition, land-use effects on bacteria were greater than those on fungi, indicating that bacterial communities were more sensitive to land-use changes. Management regimes that incorporate soil carbon conservation, potassium addition, and judicious irrigation are expected to benefit the stability of the plant–soil system in the Dry-Hot Valley.
GDN: a stacking network used for skin cancer diagnosis

Skin cancer, the primary type of cancer that can be identified by visual recognition, requires an automatic identification system that can accurately classify different types of lesions. This paper presents GoogLe-Dense Network (GDN), which is an image-classification model to identify two types of skin cancer, Basal Cell Carcinoma, and Melanoma. GDN uses stacking of different networks to enhance the model performance. Specifically, GDN consists of two sequential levels in its structure. The first level performs basic classification tasks accomplished by GoogLeNet and DenseNet, which are trained in parallel to enhance efficiency. To avoid low accuracy and long training time, the second level takes the output of the GoogLeNet and DenseNet as the input for a logistic regression model. We compare our method with four baseline networks including ResNet, VGGNet, DenseNet, and GoogLeNet on the dataset, in which GoogLeNet and DenseNet significantly outperform ResNet and VGGNet. In the second level, different stacking methods such as perceptron, logistic regression, SVM, decision trees and K-neighbor are studied in which Logistic Regression shows the best prediction result among all. The results proves that GDN, compared to a single network structure, has higher accuracy in optimizing skin cancer detection.
Body image and psychosocial well-being among UK military personnel and veterans who sustained appearance-altering conflict injuries

ABSTRACT A modest but significant number of military personnel sustained injuries during deployments resulting in an altered-appearance (e.g., limb loss and/or scarring). Civilian research indicates that appearance-altering injuries can affect psychosocial wellbeing, yet little is known about the impact of such injuries among injured personnel. This study aimed to understand the psychosocial impact of appearance-altering injuries and possible support needs among UK military personnel and veterans. Semi-structured interviews with 23 military participants who sustained appearance-altering injuries during deployments or training since 1969 were conducted. The interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, identifying six master themes. These themes indicate that in the context of broader recovery experiences, military personnel and veterans experience a variety of psychosocial difficulties related to their changed appearance. While some of these are consistent with evidence from civilians, military-related nuances in the challenges, protective experiences, coping approaches, and preferences for support are evident. Personnel and veterans with appearance-altering injuries may require specific support for adjusting to their changed appearance and related difficulties. However, barriers to acknowledging appearance concerns were identified. Implications for support provision and future research are discussed.
A Study on the Time–Effect and Dose–Effect Relationships of Polysaccharide from Opuntia dillenii against Cadmium-Induced Liver Injury in Mice

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gaw) Haw. polysaccharide (ODP) against cadmium-induced liver injury. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was used to construct a mice evaluation model, and the indicators chosen included general signs, liver index, biochemical indicators, blood indicators, and pathological changes. A dose of 200 mg/kg ODP was applied to the mice exposed to cadmium for different lengths of time (7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days). The results showed that CdCl2 intervention led to slow weight growth (reduced by 13–20%); liver enlargement; significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST, 45.6–52.0%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT, 26.6–31.3%), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, 38.2–43.1%) levels; and significantly decreased hemoglobin (HGB, 13.1–15.2%), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH, 16.5–19.3%), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations (MCHC, 8.0–12.7%) (p < 0.01). In addition, it led to pathological features such as liver cell swelling, nuclear exposure, central venous congestion, apoptosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The onset of ODP anti-cadmium-induced liver injury occurred within 7 days after administration, and the efficacy reached the highest level after continuous administration for 14 days, a trend that could continue until 35 days. Different doses (50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) of ODP have a certain degree of protective effect on cadmium-induced liver injury, showing a good dose–effect relationship. After 28 days of administration of a 200 mg/kg dose, all pathological indicators were close to normal values. These findings indicated that ODP had positive activity against cadmium-induced liver injury and excellent potential for use as a health food or therapeutic drug.