Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance based specification for road foundation materials

This paper details the philosophy behind a performance-based specification for pavement foundation, proposed to supersede the current empirical road foundation and design based on the California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The draft specification is described and the implications of the new performance approach are discussed. Pavement foundation acts as a series of load-spreading layers and provides support to prevent premature flexural fatigue cracking in structural layers. The materials used must therefore possess adequate strength and resistance to permanent deformation. A performance-based specification must satisfy five criteria: ability to measure performance parameters in the laboratory; method of accurately predicting environmental changes; means of incorporating measured parameters in design process; ability to measure parameters in the field; setting suitable target values for construction to ensure final quality. The paper describes these in detail. There is a lack of widely available commercial equipment suitable for tests for a fully analytical performance specification, so currently a CBR performance-based approach was evaluated for implementation. In the future it is considered that the proposed change in the performance-based specification approach will open new possibilities for materials use.
Samplers and Sampling Procedures for Hazardous Waste Streams.

Abstract : The goal of this project was to develop simple but effective sampling equipment and procedures for collecting, handling, storing, and recording samples of hazardous wastes. The report describes a variety of sampling devices designed to meet the needs of those who regulate and manage hazardous wastes. Particular emphasis is given to the development of a composite liquid waste sampler, the Coliwasa. This simple device is designed for use on liquid and semi-liquid wastes in a variety of containers, tanks, and ponds. Devices for sampling solids and soils are also described. In addition to the sampling devices, the report describes procedures for development of a sampling plan, sample handling, safety precautions, proper recordkeeping and chain of custody, and sample containment, preservation, and transport. Also discussed are certain limitations and potential sources of error that exist in the sampling equipment and the procedures. The statistics of sampling are covered briefly, and additional references in this area are given.
9.2 Propulsion Control of Aircraft: A Case Study in Systems Engineering

On July 19, 1989 United Airlines Flight 232 was cruising at approximately 37,000 feet between Denver and Minneapolis when it experienced a catastrophic failure of the number two (tail‐mounted) engine. At the moment of failure the engine ejected shrapnel through the tail section, destroying all three on‐board hydraulic systems. The complete loss of hydraulics left the pilots of the McDonnell Douglas DC‐10 aircraft without the ability to move the flight controls. In contrast to what most aviation experts would have expected as an outcome, the airplane was crash‐landed at Sioux City, Iowa with 185 of the 296 passengers and crew surviving. The flight crew was able to maintain rudimentary control of the aircraft with only the use of thrust from the two remaining wing‐mounted engines by independently moving their respective power levers. It was not until the final touchdown that the crew's command of the aircraft was lost due to the imprecise nature of manual propulsion control (Propulsion Controlled Aircraft [PCA], 1999).
Implementing the ISO 9000 series

European Community directives and the international standard organization 9000 series the ISO 9000 series as a system how do you interpret this paragraph? how to implement change the quality assurance system - which structure to adopt? sample documentation internal quality audits a look at third party audits a look at the draft updates to the ISO 9000 series the future of ISO 9000 bibliography appendix a - a look at some directives - telecommunications, medical devices, and food and beverages appendix b - acronyms appendix c - national and international registrars (May 1992) appendix d - quality manual appendix e - suggested answers to case studies appendix f - ISO/IEC guides appendix g - summary of the Working document on negotiations with third countries concerning the mutual recognition of conformity assessment appendix h - component types covered by IECQ.
Application-Specific Integrated-Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Process Services (ASIMPS)

Abstract : The primary goal of this project was to develop the technology for an application-specific integrated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) process service, called ASIMPS. Multiple government, industry and academic institutions participated in seven integrated MEMS process runs. Layout rules, design practices and tutorials for integrated MEMS were generated. Microelectromechanical structures were made from the interconnect layers within commercial foundry integrated circuit processes. The post-foundry micromachining process comprised dry etching of the dielectric layers, then a deep-reactive-ion etch of silicon followed by an isotropic silicon undercut to release the structures. An alternate fabrication flow was explored that created single-crystal silicon structures within the foundry processes. Microdevices included accelerometers, gyroscopes, vibratory magnetometers, microphones, microspeakers, scanning mirrors, high quality factor inductors, and tunable capacitors. In particular, microaccelerometers were developed with resolution limited by brownian noise. Millimeter-sized mirrors in the single-crystal silicon process were developed for laser scanning applications. Microspeakers and microphone designs that exploit a unique mesh membrane sealed with polymer were successfully transferred to industry.
Effects of Intersection Lane Configuration on Traffic Emissions

Lane configuration at intersections has been mainly applied to mitigate traffic congestions and reduce travel delay, while rarely considered for emissions reduction. In response to the worsened air pollution, this paper investigates the effects of lane configuration on traffic emissions and offers effective advises to traffic engineers. The integration of traffic simulation model VISSIM and VSP (vehicle specific power) based emission model is selected to build scenarios and analyze the traffic emissions under different lane configuration designs. Five indicators in total are covered in this paper, which are average delay per vehicle, average number of stops per vehicle and the total emissions of CO, HC and NOx respectively. The result shows that the existence of exclusive lane set (no matter broadened or not) indicates a significantl effect on the characteristics of the traffic flow and emissions at intersections. To achieve emission reduction, the comparisons between different lane configuration scenarios provide two suggestions: it is important to set an exclusive signal phase or waiting area for left turn exclusive lane (whether broadened or not); a right turn exclusive lane is always useful. These suggestions are especially practical when exclusive lane set is optional.
Team Managers in Local Social Service Departments in Israel as Bottom-Up Social Policy-Makers

Following on Felice Perlmutter's work on the managerial role of social workers in social services, this article contributes to the still limited knowledge on the role of social workers in middle-management positions in formulating new policies ‘on the ground‘. The study expands knowledge about policies determined by team managers in local social service departments in Israel. It occurs in the nexus between street-level bureaucracy, professionalism and managerial positions. Semi-structured interviews with 28 team managers revealed that they formulated ‘new‘ policies with regard to the provision of psychosocial services and material assistance (who gets what, when and how). This occurs when they resist official policy, when it is vague or non-existent. Most of their policy decisions are not documented and draw upon consultations with colleagues and superiors though not with clients. The team managers perceive these policies as a means for achieving balance between clients’ well-being and budgetary constraints. Yet their decisions lack transparency, are decided upon without public discourse and may lead to greater inequity between clients
Redesigning Graduate Education

There is a revolution happening in education: It is being led by students, entrepreneurs and passionate professionals & academics that want to break down the traditional silos of education and prepare more empathetic, creative leaders for tomorrow's challenges.Insights gleaned from DMI's futurED conference in the service of graduate‐level education that uses design thinking—for both designers and business professionals.
Keandalan Desain Apartemen Terhadap Pengamanan Kebakaran Studi Kasus : Apartemen Gateway Pasteur

ABSTRAK Pembangunan apartemen di Kota Bandung berkembang, baik dari segi jumlah lantai hingga jumlah tower yang berakibat pada bertambahnya beban hunian, padahal desain apartemen memuat ruang-ruang yang berpotensi sebagai awal nyala api di setiap unitnya. Bertambahnya jumlah lantai berarti meningkatnya jumlah penghuni yang harus mendapatkan keamanan pada kondisi darurat evakuasi kebakaran. Keandalan desain sebuah apartemen menjadi suatu kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi oleh seorang perencana. Aspek-aspek yang menyangkut keandalan sebuah desain apartemen bagi perencana, dikaji dengan menggunakan metoda analisis deskriptif yang membandingkan kasus desain, terhadap teori dan peraturan yang berlaku tentang pengamanan kebakaran secara pasif maupun aktif. Kajian terhadap Apartemen Gateway Pasteur yang memiliki keunikan bentuk massa dengan beberapa tower menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan jarak bangunan, desain fasad, desain zona ruang dalam, desain sirkulasi baik vertikal dan horizontal adalah aspek keandalan yang perlu mendapat perhatian perencanaan pada saat menyusun konsep desain. Kata kunci : Desain ruang dalam, multi-tower, pengamanan kebakaran. ABSTRACT Apartments growth, both in terms of the number of floors to the number of towers which will increased occupancy load, whereas the design of the apartment contains spaces potentially as fire ignition in each unit. Increasing the numbers of floors means increasing the number of residents who had to get security to emergency fire evacuation. Reliability design of an apartment becomes a necessity that can not be avoided by the planners. In order to know what concerns the reliability of a design apartment for planners, conducted a study using descriptive analysis method that compares the case design, to the theory and regulations. Gateway Pasteur Apartment with a unique form of mass that has several towers, was chosen as a case in point for review. The study is expected to be entered in the planning of an apartment since the early stages of the design process. Keyword : Design space in a multi-mass, fire safety.
A Practical Guide to an fMRI Experiment

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has been around for two decades and research in this field has been exponentially rising. Much of this research has been dominated by basic science. Recent trends have brought the clinical realm into play in which valuable contributions can still be made. Helping the clinician understand the basic concepts behind an fMRI experiment is crucial to further developing and evaluating functional paradigms and research. Critical to designing an fMRI experiment is understanding the related physics and how fine tuning scanning parameters affects the image quality, which in turn affect the findings of an fMRI study. In addition, understanding the physiology behind the acquired signal and anatomy of the brain is also important. To appreciate the complexity of the fMRI process see (Amaro & Barker, 2006; Savoy, 2005).
Frequency stabilization, tuning, and spatial mode control of terahertz quantum cascade lasers for coherent transceiver applications

OF A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND APPLIED PHYSICS IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY PHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LOWELL 2010 Dissertation Supervisor: Jerry Waldman, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Physics and Applied Physics
Passive control of mechanical systems

This thesis explores the dynamics of two mechanical systems capable of performing their tasks without the use of active control. The first system is an autobalancer, which can continuously balance rotating machinery. This is accomplished by using compensating masses that move in a viscous media about the axis of rotation. The second system is a passive bipedal walker, capable of human like gait in the absence of external active control. Since there is no control system to suppress errors in the mechanisms it is important to have a detailed knowledge of how parameters influence on these systems. The dynamics of mechanical models, such as the three dimensional passive walker and autobalancer, are explored and understood using standard dynamical systems methods. This includes calculating the stability of equilibrium positions and limit cycles and creating bifurcation diagrams as parameters of the system are varied. In the case of the autobalancer it is possible to analytically solve for the equilibrium positions. In the passive walker the stability of limit cycles, which corresponds to periodic gaits, are studied. To find these limit cycles a Newton-Raphson root solving scheme is implemented. The model for the autobalancer results in a smooth dynamical system whereas the passive walker includes different kinds of discontinuities. These discontinuities are taken care of by introducing suitable mappings. Results for the autobalancer include suggestions on how to choose parameters of the systems and how to avoid possible dangerous parameter combinations. It also explains some experimentally observed limit cycles. In the case of the passive walker, it is shown how the planar passive walker can be extended into a fully three dimensional walker having dynamics in all spatial directions. Many parameter studies are reported which give an insight to the dynamics of the system. The thesis ends with an report on the search for an implementable passive walker. The methods introduced in this thesis are not limited to the study of autobalancing and passive bipedal walking but are applicable to many mechanical systems with or without discontinuities. autobalancing, bipedal walking, multibody systems, nonlinear dynamics, stability, bifurcations, limit cycles, variational equations, discontinuities Descriptors:
Thermoelectric properties of currently available Au/Pt thermocouples related to the valid reference function

Au/Pt thermocouples are considered to be an alternative to High Temperature Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers (HTSPRTs) for realizing temperatures according to the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) in the temperature range between aluminium (660.323 °C) and silver (961.78 °C). The original aim of this work was to develop and to validate a new reference function for Au/Pt thermocouples which reflects the properties of presently commercially available Au and Pt wires. The thermoelectric properties of 16 Au/Pt thermocouples constructed at different National Metrological Institutes by using wires from different suppliers and 4 commercially available Au/Pt thermocouples were investigated. Most of them exhibit significant deviations from the current reference function of Au/Pt thermocouples caused by the poor performance of the Au-wires available. Thermoelectric homogeneity was investigated by measuring immersion profiles during freezes at the freezing point of silver and in liquid baths. The thermoelectric inhomogeneities were found to be one order of magnitude larger than those of Au/Pt thermocouples of the Standard Reference Material® (SRM® ) 1749. The improvement of the annealing procedure of the gold wires is a key process to achieve thermoelectric homogeneities in the order of only about (2–3) mK, sufficient to replace the impracticable HTSPRTs as interpolation instruments of the ITS-90. Comparison measurements of some of the Au/Pt thermocouples against a HTSPRT and an absolutely calibrated radiation thermometer were performed and exhibit agreements within the expanded measurement uncertainties. It has been found that the current reference function of Au/Pt thermocouples reflects adequately the thermoelectric properties of currently available Au/Pt thermocouples.
Integrating a Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model into ATMIS Transportation Modeling Frameworks

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have generated considerable enthusiasm in the transportation community as a potential means to improve roadway safety, reduce congestion, enhance the mobility of people and goods, and reduce energy consumption and vehicle emissions. In order to estimate these potential benefits, new and improved analytical techniques and simulation models are being developed for ITS. In terms of environmental effects, the University of California, Riverside, College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT) has developed a comprehensive modal emissions and energy consumption (CME/EC) model that can be directly used for ITS evaluation. In this project, an examination was performed on the key interface issues between the detailed CME/EC model and other ITS simulation models and analytical techniques developed within the California PATH program. Methodologies for integrating various ITS transportation models/data sets with the CME/EC model were established. These integration issues are not trivial; many ITS simulation models and analytical techniques inherently have different levels of aggregation and detail (e.g., both in time and across various vehicle fleets). Much of the work performed focused on integrating the CME/EC model with PARAMICS. PARAMICS is used throughout CALTRANS and the PATH program for various ITS studies. After successfully completing this integration, two case studies were carried out using this PARAMICS/CME-EC tool. The first case study examined the emissions impact of HOT lanes along the SR-91 corridor in Southern California. The other case study examined the emissions impact associated redesignating uphill lanes on I-60 near Riverside, California. By completing these case studies, the integrated transportation/emissions model was thoroughly debugged. These case studies can serve as examples as how to apply this new tool for creating microscale emission inventories. In this report, background material is first provided on the Comprehensive Modal Emissions/Energy Consumption (CME/EC) model and ITS traffic simulation modeling efforts in the California PATH program. This is followed by a description of the integration methodology between CME/EC and PARAMICS. In the last part of the report, two separate case studies are described, where analyses with the integrated models were carried out.
Surveillance of 18 Hz and 60 Hz components of ground motion at the APS site

The objectives of this study are to determine the location and source of the 18- and 60-Hz vibration and to eliminate or reduce its amplitude in the APS Facility. To accomplish this it is necessary to know the time of occurrence and then, to utilize triangulation methods to identify the location of the source. It its time sequence is known, it may be possible to correlate it with the operation of some equipment at or near the site. Therefore, a major effort was made to obtain the time sequence and is the basis of this note.
Data Mining for Studying the Impact of Reflection on Learning

On-line Web-based education learning systems generate a large amount of students' log data and pro les that could be useful for educators and students. Hence, data mining techniques that enable the extraction of hidden and potentially useful information in educational databases have been employed to explore educational data. A new promising area of research called educational data mining (EDM) has emerged. Re ect is a Web-based learning system that supports learning by re ection. Reection is a process in which individuals explore their experiences in order to gain new understanding and appreciation, and research suggests that re ection improves learning. The Re ect system has been used at the University of Sydney's School of Information Technology for several years as a source of learning and practice in addition to the classroom teaching. Using the data from a system that promotes re ection for learning (such as the Re ect system), this thesis focuses on the investigation of how re ection helps students in their learning. The main objective is to study students' learning behaviour associated with positive and negative outcomes (in exams) by utilising data mining techniques to search for previously unknown, potentially useful hidden information in the database. The approach in this study was, rst, to explore the data by means of statistical analyses. Then, popular data mining algorithms such as the K-means and J48 algorithms were utilised to cluster and classify students according to their learning behaviours in using Re ect. The Apriori algorithm was also employed to nd associations among the data attributes that lead to success. We were able to group and classify students according to their activities in the Re ect system, and we identi ed some activities associated with student performance and learning outcomes (high, moderate or low exam marks). We concluded that the approach resulted in the identi cation of some learning behaviours that have important impacts on student performance.
Reduction of Helicopter BVI Noise, Vibration, and Power Consumption Through Individual Blade Control

A wind tunnel test was conducted with a full-scale BO 105 helicopter rotor to evaluate the potential of open-loop individual blade control (IBC) to improve rotor performance, to reduce blade vortex interaction (BVI) noise, and to alleviate helicopter vibrations. The wind tunnel test was an international collaborative effort between NASA/U.S. Army AFDD, ZF Luftfahrttechnik, Eurocopter Deutschland, and the German Aerospace Laboratory (DLR) and was conducted under the auspices of the U.S./German MOU on Rotorcraft Aeromechanics. In this test the normal blade pitch links of the rotor were replaced by servo-actuators so that the pitch of each blade could be controlled independently of the other blades. The specially designed servoactuators and IBC control system were designed and manufactured by ZF Luftfahrttechnik, GmbH. The wind tunnel test was conducted in the 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel at the NASA Ames Research Center. An extensive amount of measurement information was acquired for each IBC data point. These data include rotor performance, static and dynamic hub forces and moments, rotor loads, control loads, inboard and outboard blade pitch motion, and BVI noise data. The data indicated very significant (80 percent) simultaneous reductions in both BVI noise and hub vibrations could be obtained using multi-harmonic input at the critical descent (terminal approach) condition. The data also showed that performance improvements of up to 7 percent could be obtained using 2P input at high-speed forward flight conditions.