Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Broadening the Exchange of Electrocardiogram Data from Intra-Hospital to Inter-Hospital

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a commonly used clinical tool to diagnose cardiac diseases. In most clinical practice, to improve ECG diagnosis accuracy, cardiologists not only determine the abnormal conditions of the current ECG, but also examine the serial changes in reference to the previous ECGs. Expert cardiologists strongly believe that ECG diagnosis is incomplete without a comparison to previous ECGs (Ariet et al., 2005). Obviously, a prerequisite for the clinical practice using serial ECG comparison is the availability of previous ECGs. For the reason above, it has been a growing interest in medical informatics to improve ease of access to ECG data using information technology. Initially, the computer systems, now referred to as ECG management systems (EMSs), were invented to serve a valuable function for ECG data management (Crevasse & Ariet, 1987). They consisted of a central minicomputer that collected the ECG signals from peripheral electrocardiographs over serial cables, telephone lines or local area network, and provided the power to store and retrieve the collected ECG data. Storage and retrieval of ECG data were organized in the perspective of their future use, particularly for serial comparison, but also for different managerial and research purposes, such as over-reading by physicians, re-analysis by different ECG programs, and statistics for management (Fayn & Rubel, 1991). The EMS solution allows a patient’s ECG data accessible throughout the hospital and anywhere outside the hospital through a Web interface. A major issue in the employment of EMS is the interoperability between electrocardiographs and EMSs, and the interoperability among EMSs. In a major hospital, there are usually a number of electrocardiographs that are from different vendors. These electrocardiographs may use different vendor-proprietary standards for ECG data storage and transmission, but an EMS is developed conformably to only a few vendor-proprietary standards. In order to facilitate the use of electrocardiographs from different vendor, several EMSs that are conformable to different vendor-proprietary standards may coexist in a hospital. As for the issue of the interoperability among the EMSs, some possible solutions have been reported.
Implementation of Maximum Power Point Tracking on Photovoltaic Using Fuzzy Logic Algorithm

Most energy sources that are commonly used in the world today are from fossils. This kind of energy is unrenewable and limited. Use of solar panels (Photovoltaic, PV) to generate electricity is growing fast and it can be used as an alternative energy instead of fossils. The problem faced by use of solar panels is that the generated power is not optimum for a particular load. It is always changing and influenced by the level of light (irradiance) and temperature. Therefore we need a way to maximize the power output of solar panels. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method for finding its maximum power point. In this research, the MPPT is designed to locate the point of generated maximum power on solar panels. MPPT controller designed in this research is using fuzzy logic. The voltage and current from the solar panels will be fed to the fuzzy logic controller. The output of fuzzy logic in the form of a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal regulates the process of switching boost converter. Experimental results show that output power from PV increase 15.9% and the efficiency of designed boost converter ranges in approximatelly 90.97 %
PFC-based Control Strategies for Four Switch VSI fed BLDC Motor

In this paper, two control strategies for BLDC motor drive have been implemented. One of the control strategies is based on PFC-CUK converter fed PMBLDCM drive and another one is PFC-interleaved boost converter fed BLDC motor drive. Comparison has been made between the two control strategies in terms of Torque ripple, Power factor for different operating speeds. The proposed work has been implemented under MATLAB/simulink environment. Simulation results are presented to validate proposed work. From the results, it is observed that PFC interleaved Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive is more effective compared to CUK converter fed BLDC motor drive.
On the mathematical foundations of compartmental analysis in biology, medicine, and ecology

The basic equations of compartmental analysis are a system S of differential equations which govern the exchanges of material among various compartuments and an environment. The equations are ordinarily nonlinear. In this paper we show that if certain natural conditions are satisfied S possesses an equilibrium point, and that if additional reasonable conditions are met the equilibrium point is unique and globally stable. These results have natural interpretations and, in particular, provide an analytical basis for the use of the familiar linear tracer-analysis equations. We also consider the case in which S takes into account cyclic variations with a given period \tau (this case often arises in ecological studies) and show that under certain reasonable conditions S has a \tau -periodic solution that is approached by every solution of S.
The Coronation of the Virgin on a Capital from Reading Abbey

During recent excavations carried out by the Courtauld Institute of Art at Borough Marsh in Berkshire, various carvings originally decorating Reading Abbey were brought to light. It is hoped that all the discovered material will soon be published. ' There is, however, one carving which differs so much from all the others found at Borough Marsh that it seems permissible to study it separately. The carving in question is a capital of Caen stone which, though badly damaged, is still of outstanding interest both artistically and iconographically.2 It is now on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum. The capital (P1. Ia, c, d) was originally carved on all four sides and has a cable necking. On the bottom surface an incised circle marks the 16 cm. diameter of the column on which the capital rested or was planned to rest. The carving on at least one side was left unfinished and therefore it is impossible to say whether the capital was ever used. Perhaps for some obscure reason it was rejected before the sculpture was finished and used simply as building material. On the other hand, there is proof that Romanesque architectural sculpture was often executed in situ and was sometimes left unfinished, as is shown, for instance, by a capital in the crypt of Canterbury Cathedral3 and an unfinished decoration on the north doorway of St. Hilda's, Ampleforth, in the North Riding of Yorkshire.4 The carvings on two sides of the Borough Marsh capital have been almost completely broken away although, on one of them, there remain slight traces of human feet and also of what may perhaps have been a staff. The third side (P1. id) was left unfinished. On the right of this side, a completed figure of an angel faces a figure shown only in rough outline with still another unfinished figure behind it. The angel and the other figures do not stand directly on the necking of the capital but on a high, plain plinth. The figure of the angel is badly damaged; its head has been broken off and the grooved object in its hand is so mutilated that it is difficult to guess what it is. It may be the scroll sometimes carried by the archangel Gabriel in the scene of the Annunciation. If so, the unfinished figure in front of which the angel is reverently bending was probably intended
Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman

Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman is a book by Joshua Gay compiling different essays of Richard M. Stallman. * The intersection of ethics, law, business and computer software is the subject of these essays and speeches by MacArthur Foundation Grant winner, Richard M. Stallman. This collection includes historical writings such as The GNU Manifesto, which defined and launched the activist Free Software Movement, along with new writings on hot topics in copyright, patent law, and the controversial issue of "trusted computing. " Stallman takes a critical look at common abuses of copyright law and patents when applied to computer software programs, and how these abuses damage our entire society and remove our existing freedoms. He also discusses the social aspects of software and how free software can create community and social justice. * The first edition was published 8 years ago by GNU Press under the GNU Free Documentation License. * Essays contained in this book deal mainly about ethics, law, business and their application to computer software. * The introduction is written by Lawrence Lessig, professor at Stanford University. * The book is divided into three main parts, and also includes a fourth one with GNU licenses: [1] The GNU Project and the Free Software Foundation, [2] Copyrights, Copylefts and Patents, [3] Creating a Free Society, [4] GNU Licenses. * Money raised from the sale of this book supports the development of free software and documentation.
Isovists for orientation: can space syntax help us predict directional confusion?

Abstract. Focusing on its lessons for deriving and using space syntax measures, particularly those related to isovists, this paper explores the potential for identifying spatial predictors of people's orientation performance with a map. Matching a map to a visible scene, to decide in which direction one is facing, is argued to be a fundamental cognitive subtask which arises in a number of contexts beyond mere wayfinding. The challenge for space syntax is to supply readily computed measures that can adequately predict where this task is more difficult than average, based on analysing a 2D map. If this can be achieved then spaces may be automatically assessed for potential orientation difficulty, so that both the map and the environment can be enhanced to include cues to make it easier. We discuss some issues that arise in applying space syntax to this situation, and describe current progress towards this goal. Keywords: isovists, space syntax, orientation, spatial cognition 1 Introduction
Improving Transparency in Network-based Multi-user Haptic Simulations

Collaborative haptic simulations allow multiple users in a virtual environment to simultaneously interact with shared virtual objects. The implementation of shared virtual environments over a network removes the geographical barriers and enables users from around the globe to modify the environment and in addition feel the presence of other users. However, network issues arise in the communication of data over a network such as the Internet. Communication channel delay, jitter, packet loss and limited packet transmission rate can adversely affect the performance of collaborative haptic systems and may even cause instability. This thesis builds upon our group's recent work in distributed networked haptics (Fotoohi et al. [31 D. The proposed distributed peer-peer architecture improved the haptic simulation performance over the centralized architecture by providing local high-rate feedback to the users in a Local Area Network (LAN). Virtual spring-damper couplers synchronized the multiple copies of the virtual environment and coupled the users to the virtual objects. Forming on the above distributed architecture, this thesis proposes methods for improving the performance and stability of shared haptic environments with a stronger emphasis on the effects of time delay in the context of Internet communication. To this end new quantitative measures are presented for quantifying the fidelity of haptic simulations in such environments. User's perceived admittance and discrepancy among local copies of
General purpose simulated annealing on hardware

A general purpose hardware for the Simulated Annealing optimization method has been designed and implemented. It is a digital stand-alone system that requires no host computer. The prototype design utilizes a full custom VLSI random number generator chip among standard digital circuits. Altera's reprogrammable FPGA technology is used to increase the packing density and to allow modifications. Thisfast optimization tool call be used to optimize any dynamically configurable hardware to adapt a given task. All application example and performance estimations are also presented.
Rock Genre Classification Using K-Nearest Neighbor

Music genre classification is a part of Music Information Retrieval. This research was a genre music detection based on signal from an audio. Divided into two processes namely extraction of features and classification. Signal would be transformed using Fast Fourier Transform to get frequency domain signal which will be processed to extract Short Time Energy, Spectral Centroid, Spectral Roll-Off, Spectral Flux, and Energy Entropy feature. Besides those features, Zero Crossing Rate would be counted from time-domain signal. in classifying phase, research using k nearest neighbor with accuracy reaching 54,44%.
Placement and average interconnection lengths of computer logic

The length of the interconnections for a placement of logic gates is an important variable in the estimation of wiring space requirements, delay values, and power dissipation. A formula for an upper bound on expected average interconnection length, based on partitioning results, is given for linear and square arrays of gates. This upper bound gives significantly lower interconnection length than the bound based upon random placement. Actual placements give average interconnection lengths of about half the upper bound given by theory.
Computer assisted interpretation of the human EEG: improving diagnostic efficiency and consistency in clinical reviews

Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) measures brain activity non-invasively by using electrodes on the scalp and capturing small electrical fluctuations caused by the firing of neurons. From these recordings, a clinical neurophysiologist can study the captured patterns and waveforms and determine if any abnormal brain activity exist. The disadvantage of EEG recordings are that they require an expert for interpretation and diagnosis. Not only this, but visual reviewing is also time consuming and a high degree of inter-rater variability exists between clinicians. Automated analysis by means of computerized algorithms can lessen the burden on visual reviews and provide more consistency in diagnostic reports. Given the complexity of the signal, automated analysis has only been partially implemented with limited clinical use. The main objective of this thesis was to find reliable computerized methods and efficient reviewing techniques that will assist with the review and interpretation of routine outpatient EEGs. To achieve this goal, algorithms were developed to automatically characterize five common EEG background properties: the posterior dominant peak frequency; reactivity; anterior-posterior gradients; symmetry; and the presence or absence of diffuse slow-wave activity. In addition to characterizing the background activity, an intuitive and efficient technique was also developed for the automated detection of inter-ictal epileptiform discharges. To evaluate our algorithms and reviewing techniques, a software application was developed and experienced neurologists and clinical neurophysiologists across the Netherlands were invited to evaluate and test the feasibility our approach. Very positive results were achieved. Additional testing and minor improvements are needed to bring this work io clinical practice, but the overall results show that the described methods and reviewing strategies, together with acceptance by clinicians, have been successful
Managing and learning with Logical Frameworks: the case of an MIS project in China

This paper endeavours to explain a project planning exercise set in China and involving the development of a Management Information System (MIS). The approach used is implicitly systemic and makes use of some fairly well-known systems tools. The main objective of the paper is to explain some of the problems and issues involved in the use of Logframe project planning (such as holism and participation) and to raise a series of learning issues. Elements covered in the paper include: a brief introduction to Logframe, a systems view of the project background, introduction to the TeamUp approach to project planning, critique of the planning tool and an overview of learning outcomes.
Information for consent: Too long and too hard to read

The length of participant information sheets (ISs) for research and difficulties in their comprehension have been a cause of increasing concern. We aimed to examine the information sheets in research proposals submitted to an Australian HREC in one year, comparing the results with national recommendations and published data. Information sheets in all 86 research submissions were analysed using available software. The work of Flesch was used for Reading Ease or Readability and that of Flesch and Kincaid for the level of education required for comprehension, the Reading Grade Level. The mean length of 86 information sheets was 3110 words; many had more than 5000 words. Using the Flesch scale of 0 to 100, with 0 meaning most difficult and 100 very easy to read, the mean readability level was 47. The mean length of education needed to easily grasp the information was 11.6 years, equivalent to senior secondary school. Information sheets in research projects submitted to an HREC were often too long to be read in a reasonable time and too difficult to be easily understood. Recommended standards for information sheets were infrequently met.
Uncertainty-based scheduling: energy-efficient ordering for tasks with variable execution time [processor scheduling]

Energy consumption reduction is today an important design issue for all kinds of digital systems. Offering both flexibility and efficient energy management, variable speed processor architectures are preferred for low energy consumption even in hard real-time systems. For this type of system, the main approach consists in trading speed for lower energy while meeting all deadlines. For tasks with varying execution time, speed scheduling is most efficient if performed at run-time. This paper presents a new ordering technique for such tasks, that reduces the energy consumption resulting from the run-time speed scheduling. Without affecting the real-time behavior, our uncertainty-based scheduling (UBS) is a low complexity but energy-efficient method that can be applied on top of already existent real-time scheduling techniques, such as EDF. These claims are backed up by extensive simulation results accompanied by measurements on a platform based on an Intel i80200 XScale processor.
Learning Comprehensible Theories from Structured Data

This thesis is concerned with the problem of learning comprehensible theories from structured data and covers primarily classification and regression learning. The basic knowledge representation language is set around a polymorphically-typed, higherorder logic. The general setup is closely related to the learning from propositionalized knowledge and learning from interpretations settings in Inductive Logic Programming. Individuals (also called instances) are represented as terms in the logic. A grammar-like construct called a predicate rewrite system is used to define features in the form of predicates that individuals may or may not satisfy. For learning, decisiontree algorithms of various kinds are adopted. The scope of the thesis spans both theory and practice. On the theoretical side, I study in this thesis 1. the representational power of different function classes and relationships between them; 2. the sample complexity of some commonly-used predicate classes, particularly those involving sets and multisets; 3. the computational complexity of various optimization problems associated with learning and algorithms for solving them; and 4. the (efficient) learnability of different function classes in the PAC and agnostic PAC models. On the practical side, the usefulness of the learning system developed is demontrated with applications in two important domains: bioinformatics and intelligent agents. Specifically, the following are covered in this thesis: 1. a solution to a benchmark multiple-instance learning problem and some useful lessons that can be drawn from it; 2. a successful attempt on a knowledge discovery problem in predictive toxicology, one that can serve as another proof-of-concept that real chemical knowledge can be obtained using symbolic learning; 3. a reworking of an exercise in relational reinforcement learning and some new insights and techniques we learned for this interesting problem; and 4. a general approach for personalizing user agents that takes full advantage of symbolic learning.
Bandwidth expansion of speech based on vector quantization of the mel frequency cepstral coefficients

Telephone speech is usually limited to less than 4 kHz in bandwidth. This bandwidth limitation results in the typical sound of telephone speech. We present a new method of regenerating the high frequencies (4-8 kHz) based on vector quantization of the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC). We also present two methods to avoid perceptually annoying overestimates of the signal power in the high-band. Listening tests show the benefits of the new procedures. Use of MFCC for vector quantization instead of traditionally used spectral representations improves the quality of the speech significantly. Tests also show that the wide-band speech reconstructed with the method is significantly more pleasant to the human ear than the original narrowband speech.
Interpreting the Standards: Design Professionals & Historicized Design

Research Question: This thesis intends to discover how and why architects make design decisions for projects in historic districts. Subquestions are based on the methods of architects; differing opinions between preservation and architectural professionals; and the inconsistent interpretation of standards and guidelines. Results: The researcher was able to analyze each informant and position them on a self-defined design spectrum. A visual representation of this spectrum can be found in Appendix D. Practical Implications: The results of this study show a conflict that prevents Standard 9 from both allowing the progression of contemporary architectural theory in historic areas, and requiring a distinction between contemporary and historic architectural fabric, which essentially alters the Standardʼs intended purpose. The two solutions given to communities are: 1. Acceptance of the Secretary of the Interiorʼs Standards as the Sole Guideline 2. Creation of Supplementary Guidelines ! Based on the analysis of the data, the researcher recommends that the most “appropriate” approach to new additions and infill construction in historic districts is one that unites both a contemporary architecture of its time and takes cues from surrounding historic fabric and context.
Pavement distress classification using neural networks

A novel approach of applying moment invariants and neural networks to analyze pavement images is presented in this paper. By calculating moment invariants from different types of distress, features are obtained. Then a backpropagation neural network is used to classify these features. This approach is illustrated using randomly selected sample of video images of real cracks. Based on these samples, the feasibility of using moment invariants and neural networks to classify different types of crack is proven. <<ETX>>