Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the deep-drawing process using solid ® nite elements

The main goal of this work is to present a three-dimensional mechanical model for the numerical simulation of the deep-drawing process. The model takes into account the large elastoplastic strains and rotations that occur in the deep-drawing process. Hill's orthotropic yield criteria with isotropic and kinematics hardening describes the anisotropic plastic properties of the sheet. Coulomb's classical law models the frictional contact problem treated with an augmented Lagrangian approach. This method yields a mixed system where the ®nal unknowns of the problem are static (frictional contact forces) and kinematic (displacements) variables. To solve this problem use is made of a fully implicit algorithm of Newton±Raphson type. Three-dimensional isoparametric ®nite elements with a selective reduced integration are used for the spatial discretization of the deformed body. The geometry of the forming tools is modelled by BeÂzier surfaces. The numerical results of the deep-drawing of a square cup are presented to focus their good agreement with the results of experiment. # 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
Interactive comment on “ Hydrologic calibration of paired watersheds using a MOSUM approach ” by H .

>> The water table elevation and flow calibration period identified by the MOSUM approach from the longer January 01, 2009 to March 31, 2012 period was only from March 1, 2010 – March 31, 2012, just over two years. This period of minimal disturbance was between pine planting in January 2010 and the final site preparation for switchgrass sowing (in May 2012) on the intercropped site. This period spanned the very wet periods of September 2010 and August 2011 to very dry periods of spring-summer of 2010 and 2011 and average rainfall in 2010. Recently, Bren and Lane (2014) demonstrated that good calibration (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency > 0.8) by simple linear models could be achieved after 100 days of data. So this length of the calibration period defined by the MOSUM method should be adequate. Below are the total numbers of days for each pair of watersheds for the stable periods as estimated by the MOSUM approach. 1. D0 vs. D2: 01 January 2011 to 31 March 2012: 456 days (over one annual cycle: MOSUM did not detect any structural break or significant instability in the regression coefficients). Monitoring on D0 started in late 2010 2. D1 vs. D2: 01 March 2010 to 31 March 2012: 762 days (over 2 annual cycles) 3. D3 vs. D2: 01 December 2009 to 31 July 2011: 608 days (≈ 1 1⁄2 annual cycles)
Title Concentrations and biological half-life of radioactive cesium in epigeic earthworms after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident

To understand the long-term behavior of radiocesium in the biological processes of a forest ecosystem, its concentration in Japanese epigeic earthworms (Megascolecidae), litter, and soil, and the ambient dose equivalent rates, were investigated after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The metabolism of radiocesium in the earthworms was also investigated in the laboratory, and its biological half-life (Tb) was estimated. The concentration of Cs in the habitat soil and litter changed from 2014 to 2016, with levels in the litter going from 44.9 Bq/g dw (in 2014) to 45.3 Bq/g dw (2015) and 10.7 Bq/g dw (2016); in soil, these values were 9.79 Bq/g dw, 7.14 Bq/g dw and 18.0 Bq/g dw, respectively. By contrast, no significant changes were observed in the concentrations in the earthworms, which were 4.87 Bq/g fw, 5.30 Bq/g fw and 4.67 Bq/g fw in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. The ambient dose equivalent rates at the sampling site declined significantly over these three years, going from 2.15 μSv/h to 1.68 μSv/h and 1.35 μSv/h, mostly corresponding to physical decay of radiocesium. The majority (95%) of the Cs in the earthworms, observed via autoradiography, was concentrated primarily in the intestine. The clearance of Cs from the earthworms was described by dual exponential functions: the half-life in the rapid loss due to gut clearance was 0.10 days and a second slower loss due to physiological clearance was 27.4 days.
CROP WATER REQUIREMENT UNDER MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS USING DIFFERENT EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES

Knowledge of exact amount of water required by different crop in a given set of climatological condition of a region is great help in planning of irrigation scheme, irrigation scheduling, effective design and management of micro irrigation systems. Crop water requirement is generally estimated by multiplying the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) by crop coefficient. The Penman–Monteith FAO 56 (P-M) model is recommended for estimating ETo across the world. However, the use of the P-M model is restricted by the unavailability of input climatic variables in many locations and the option is to use simple approaches with limited data requirements. In the current study, linear regression (LR) and Artificial neural network (ANN) techniques were used for estimating ETo in a semi-arid environment of Rahuri region Maharashtra, India. The four types of LR and ANN models were developed by varying the independent variables viz., Model1 (evaporation), Model2 (Tmax and Tmin), Model3 (Tmax, Tmin and SSH), Model4 (Tmax, Tmin, RHmax, RHmin and SSH). The comparison of the models were evaluated by statistical measures viz., correlation coefficient (R), Index of agreement d(IA), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and coefficient efficiency (CE) and ranking of models were assigned as per the statistical criteria. As per the results of overall comparison, it was observed that ANN4 with five inputs (Tmax, Tmin, Rhmax, RHmin and SSH) has secured 1 rank and exhibited overall best performance for performance criteria as R (0.940), d(IA) (0.968), RMSE (0.505), MAE (0.376), MAPE (8.419) and CE (0.884) followed by ANN3, ANN1, LR1, ANN2, LR4, LR3 and have secured 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th ranks respectively. It reveals that the proposed LR models may be adopted satisfactorily for estimation of ETo, the accuracy in ETo estimation may further be improved using corresponding ANN models for Rahuri region. Based on the overall results it was recommended that all ANN models can be used for estimation of ETo followed by all LR models as per data availability and simplicity of users and it can be useful for determination of crop water requirement, irrigation scheduling and design of micro irrigation systems.
Preliminary results on direct photon-photon HBT measurements in √ sNN = 62 . 4 GeV and 200 GeV Au + Au collisions

The information about the space-time structure of the emitting source created in elementary particle and heavy-ion collisions from the measured particle momenta can be extracted by the method of twoparticle intensity interferometry techniques (Hanbury Brown-Twiss − HBT) [9, 10]. Experimentally, the twoparticle correlation function (normalized to unity at large Qinv) is obtained from the ratio,
Taxes and the Location of Targets WP 18

We use firm-level data to investigate the impact of taxes on the international location of targets in M&A, allowing for heterogeneous responses by companies. The statutory tax rate in the target country is found to have a negative impact on the probability of an acquisition in that country. In addition, the estimated size of the effect is found to depend on whether (i) acquirer is a domestic or a multinational enterprise; (ii) the acquisition is domestic or cross-border; and (iii) the acquirer’s country has a worldwide or territorial tax system. JEL Classification : G34, H25, H32, C25
Elementary School Students ’ Creativity in Singing Activities Wadiyo , Udi Utomo , and Slamet Haryono

Everyone needs music and wants to express themselves with music. The most familiar kind of music is vocal music. Everyone naturally performs singing activities, either singing seriously or just for fun. This is also happened in children who are still in elementary school. They are producing various kinds of sounds creatively. The purpose of this study is to analyze the creativity of elementary school children in producing singing sounds to be heard as melodious songs. The research method applied is qualitative interpretative. The location of this research is Semarang City. The focus of the research is on the creativity of elementary school children in singing activities to produce melodious sounds. Data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The technique of data validity used is data triangulation. Data analysis techniques follow interactive analysis from data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification or conclusions. The results showed that the creativity of elementary school children in singing is a natural creativity, in which they use respiration technique which they think is good naturally. They are resonance, diction, articulation, and phrasering techniques applied by children in singing.
Interference probe ptychography for computational amplitude and phase microscopy

We have developed an approach to Fresnel domain ptychography in which the illumination consists of an interference pattern. This pattern is conveniently created by overlapping two coherent beams at an angle. Only the phase and orientation of the interferometric fringe pattern needs to be scanned to reconstruct a high-fidelity object image, which alleviates the requirements for accurate sample positioning and system stability. As such, the resulting imaging systems can be constructed in an extremely simple and robust way. Object images are reconstructed from recorded Fresnel diffraction data using a modified ptychographical iterative engine. We demonstrate the capabilities of this imaging system by recording images of various biological samples, demonstrating quantitative phase contrast as well as a spatial resolution better than 2.2 μm. © 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Tropopause altitude determination from temperature profile measurements of reduced vertical resolution

Abstract. Inference of the lapse rate tropopause or the cold point from temperature profiles of finite vertical resolution entails an uncertainty of the tropopause altitude. For tropical radiosonde profiles the tropopause altitude inferred from coarse-grid profiles was found to be lower than that inferred from the original profiles. The mean (median) displacements of the lapse rate tropopause altitude when inferred from a temperature profile of 3 km vertical resolution and a Gaussian kernel are −130, −400, −730, and −590 m (−70, −230, −390, and −280 m) for Nairobi, Hilo, Munich, and Greifswald, respectively. In the case of a Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) averaging kernel, the displacement of the lapse rate tropopause altitude is −640 m. The mean (median) displacement of the cold point tropopause inferred from a temperature profile of 3 km vertical resolution (Gaussian kernels) was found to be −510, −610, −530, and −390 m (−460, −510, −370, and −280 m) for the stations mentioned above. Unsurprisingly, the tropopause altitude displacement is larger for coarser resolutions. The effect of the tropopause displacement on the water vapor saturation mixing ratio is roughly proportional to the vertical resolution. In tropical latitudes the resulting error is about 1 to 2 ppmv per vertical resolution in kilometers. The spread of the tropopause displacements within each sample of profiles seems too large as to recommend a correction scheme for tropical temperature profiles, while for midlatitudinal temperature profiles of vertical resolutions of 1 to 5 km a lapse rate of −1.3 K km−1 reproduces tropopause altitudes determined from high-resolution temperature profiles with the nominal lapse rate criterion of −2 K km−1 fairly well.
1 1 D ec 2 01 2 MCTP-1136 On Symmetric and Asymmetric Light Dark Matter

We examine cosmological, astrophysical and collider constraints on thermal dark matter (DM) with mass mX in the range ∼ 1 MeV − 10 GeV. Cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations, which severely constrain light symmetric DM, can be evaded if the DM relic density is sufficiently asymmetric. CMB constraints require the present anti-DM to DM ratio to be less than ∼ 2 × 10−6 (10−1) for DM mass mX = 1 MeV (10 GeV) with ionizing efficiency factor f ∼ 1. We determine the minimum annihilation cross section for achieving these asymmetries subject to the relic density constraint; these cross sections are larger than the usual thermal annihilation cross section. On account of collider constraints, such annihilation cross sections can only be obtained by invoking light mediators. These light mediators can give rise to significant DM self-interactions, and we derive a lower bound on the mediator mass from elliptical DM halo shape constraints. We find that halo shapes require a mediator with mass mφ & 4 × 10−2 MeV (40 MeV) for mX =1 MeV (10 GeV). We map all of these constraints to the parameter space of DM-electron and DM-nucleon scattering cross sections for direct detection. For DM-electron scattering, a significant fraction of the parameter space is already ruled out by beam-dump and supernova cooling constraints.
EVALUATION OF A TWO-LAYER MODEL TO ESTIMATE ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FOR VINEYARDS

The two-layer model of Shuttlerworth and Wallace (SW) was evaluated to estimate actual evapotranspiration (ETa) above a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard, located in the Talca Valley, Region del Maule, Chile (35o 25' LS; 71o 32' LW ; 136m above the sea level). An automatic weather system was installed in the center of the vineyard to measure climatic variables (air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed) and energy balance components (solar radiation, net radiation, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and soil heat flux) during November and December 2006. Values of ETa estimated by the SW model were tested with latent heat flux measurements obtained from an eddy-covariance system on a 30 minute time interval. Results indicated that SW model was able to predict ETa with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.44 mm d and mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.36 mm d. Furthermore, SW model predicted latent heat flux with RMSE and MAE of 32 W m and 19W m, respectively.
BASED ON CHARGE TRANSFER COMPLEXATION REACTION FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SOME ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS IN PURE AND DOSAGE FORMS

Charge transfer complexes of some antifungal drugs fluconazole (FLU), sertaconazole nitrate (SER) and miconazole nitrate (MCO) as electron donor with the σ-acceptor iodine (I2) and 2,3-dichloro-5,6dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ), p-chloranilic acid (p-CLA) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) as πacceptors in acetonitrile were investigated. The formation of the colored charge-transfer complexes were utilized in the development of simple, rapid and accurate spectrophotometric methods for the analysis of the cited drugs in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations at 365 nm for MCO and SER using I2 method, at 460 nm for FLU and SER using DDQ method, at 535 and 530 nm for FLU and SER, respectively, using p-CLA method and at 842 nm for MCO and SER using TCNQ method. The optimum experimental conditions have been studied carefully and optimized. Beer’s law was obeyed over the concentration ranges of 2.0–28, 10–240 and 2.0–160 μg mL for MCO, FLU and SER, respectively, with good correlation coefficients (0.9996–0.9999). Molar absorpitivity, Sandell sensitivity, relative standard deviation, limit of detection and quantification were calculated. The obtained data refer to high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The obtained results were confirmed by inter and intra-day accuracy and precision with percent recovery of 99.1–100%, 99.3–101% and 99.1–101% for MCO, FLU and SER, respectively. These data were compared with those obtained using official methods for the determination of the cited drugs. The proposed methods were applied successfully for simultaneous determination of the cited drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations with good accuracy and precision and without interferences from common additives.
Access to Finance and Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment

We provide causal evidence that investments into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are affected by firms’ prior financial performance. More precisely we argue and test for a causal link between changes in firms’ cost of internal financing and CSR. To establish causality, we make use of the exogenous variation in firm-level financial constraints induced by the passage of the American Jobs Creation Act (AJCA) of 2004. We further examine the sensitivity of CSR investments to the level of financial constraints firms faced in the period prior to passage of the AJCA. We test our hypotheses with a data-set of the largest U.S. firms between 2001 and 2007. Results provide causal evidence that firm financial performance drives CSR investments. Further, we show that the impact of the Act varies based on firms’ prior level of financial constraints in an interesting way.
Inflation and Stock Returns at B 3 ( Inflação e Retornos de Ações na B 3 )

We examine the impact of expected inflation on stock returns. We use inflation forecasts from the Focus survey and real returns of Ibovespa (the index of B3, the Brazilian stock exchange). In our main specification, an increase of 1 percentage point in expected inflation for the next 12 months is associated with a decline of 0.57 percentage points in stock returns. Stock returns react negatively to the 5-year CDS volatility and the VIX index. A simulated portfolio with a strategy based on changes in inflation expectations from 2003 to 2016 has cumulated real returns of 135 percent while cumulated real Ibovespa returns are 48 percent. The strategy implies higher cumulated real returns compared with Ibovespa in 69 percent of the period.
INCLUSION OF KICKXIA ABHAICA D . A . SUTTON IN THE GENUS NANORRHINUM ( PLANTAGINACEAE ) : EVIDENCE FROM ITS NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES

The nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequences is extensively used in the plant molecular phylogenetics for plant taxonomic identification and DNA barcoding purposes because the nrDNA ITS gene is easy to amplify by using the universal primers, its length is shorter and thus easy to sequence, and has strong discrimination power to distinguish the taxon at the species level. The present molecular phylogenetic analysis of ITS nrDNA sequences focuses to determine the taxonomic status of an unresolved endemic taxon Kickxia abhaica D.A. Sutton (Family Plantaginaceae, tribe Antirrhineae) reported from Saudi Arabia. The analysis supports the transfer of K. abhaica under the genus Nanorrhinum. Introduction The tribe Antirrhineae which comprises ca. 30 genera (Sutton, 1988) has undergone several taxonomic changes during last two decades. The genus Kickxia Dumort. (Family Plantaginaceae, tribe Antirrhineae) comprises ca. 25 accepted species (APG III, 2009). Based on the mode of dehiscence of capsule, the genus Kickxia has been divided into sections i.e. Kickxia sect. Kickxia and Kickxia sect. Valvatae (Sutton, 1988). The sections Kickxia sect. Kickxia and Kickxia sect. Valvatae were raised to the rank of subgenera (Smith, 1973). The species with valvate capsules were treated under Pogonorrhinum and Nanorrhinum (Betsche, 1984). Ghebrehiwet (2001) considered Kickxia and Nanorrhinum as two distinct genera on the basis of morphological analysis. The molecular phylogeny of mediterranean genera Chaenorhinum, Kickxia and Nanorrhinum based on nrDNA ITS and rpl32-trnL sequence data also supports the recognition of the clade comprising Kickxia sect. Valvatae as Nanorrhinum; as a result, new combinations i.e. Nanorrhinum petranum (Danin) Yousefi & Zarre, Nanorrhinum judaicum (Danin) Yousefi & Zarre and Nanorrhinum scariosepalum (Tackh. & Boulos) Yousefi & Zarre were established from Kickxia petrana Danin, Kickxia judaica Danin and Kickxia scariosepala Tackh. & Boulos, respectively (Yousefi et al., 2016). The genus Kickxia in Saudi Arabia is represented by nine species and one subspecies [Kickxia abhaica D.A. Sutton, K. acerbiana (Boiss.) Tackh. & Boulos, K. aegyptiaca (L.) Nab. , K. collenetteana D.A. Sutton, K. corallicola D.A. Sutton, K. elatine subsp. crinita Greuter, K. hastata (R.Br. ex Benth.) Dandy, K. petiolata D.A. Sutton, K. pseudoscoparia V.W. Smith and K. scalarum D.A. Sutton] described under the family Scrophulariaceae (Chaudhary, 2001), out of which the taxonomic status of K. abhaica D.A. Sutton, K. acerbiana (Boiss.) Tackh. & Boulos and K. hastata (R.Br. ex Benth.) Dandy is still unresolved (http://www.theplantlist.org/), K. abhaica D.A. Sutton [Rev. Antirrhinea: 241 (1988). Plate Scroph. 17. ] have been reported as E-mail: ajmalpdrc@gmail.com
2 Modeling of the fluid-structure interaction ( FSI ) problem

In this paper, we study a dynamic fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model for an elastic structure that is immersed and spinning in the fluid. We develop a linear constitutive model to describe the motion of a rotational elastic structure which is suitable for the application of arbitrary LagrangianEulerian (ALE) method in FSI simulation. Additionally, a novel ALE mapping method is designed to generate the moving fluid mesh while the deformable structure spins in a non-axisymmetric fluid channel. The structure velocity is adopted as the principle unknown to form a monolithic saddle-point system together with fluid velocity and pressure. We discretize the nonlinear saddle-point system with mixed finite element method and Newton’s linearization, and prove that the derived saddle-point problem is well-posed. The developed methodology is applied to a self-defined elastic structure and a realistic hydroturbine under a prescribed angular velocity. Both illustrate the satisfactory numerical results of an elastic structure that is deforming and rotating while interacting with the fluid. The numerical validation is also conducted to demonstrate the modeling consistency.
WP / 17 / 196 Oil Prices and Inflation Dynamics : Evidence from Advanced and Developing Economies

We study the impact of fluctuations in global oil prices on domestic inflation using an unbalanced panel of 72 advanced and developing economies over the period from 1970 to 2015. We find that a 10 percent increase in global oil inflation increases, on average, domestic inflation by about 0.4 percentage point on impact, with the effect vanishing after two years and being similar between advanced and developing economies. We also find that the effect is asymmetric, with positive oil price shocks having a larger effect than negative ones. The impact of oil price shocks, however, has declined over time due in large part to a better conduct of monetary policy. We further examine the transmission channels of oil price shocks on domestic inflation during the recent decades, by making use of a monthly dataset from 2000 to 2015. The results suggest that the share of transport in the CPI basket and energy subsidies are the most robust factors in explaining cross-country variations in the effects of oil price shocks during the this period. JEL Classification Numbers: E31, E37, Q43.