Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Selectivity Low-Pass Filters With Ultrawide Stopband Based on Defected Ground Structures

Compact microstrip low-pass filters (LPFs) with ultrawide stopband based on a defected ground structure (DGS) and their design procedures are presented in this paper. A key merit of the filter configuration is that the selectivity of the LPFs can be conveniently controlled, whereas the bandwidth is fixed. The LPFs are realized using open-circuited uniform impedance stubs and stepped-impedance stubs (SISs). The position of the transmission zeros can be freely controlled by tuning the impedance ratio of the SISs. To expand the stopband, the dumbbell DGS is used to suppress the spurious passbands of the LPFs. Two demonstration filters with a cutoff frequency at 1 GHz have been designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results indicate good performance: broad stopband (>15 fc or 20 fc) low passband insertion loss (<;0.3 dB), compact size, and sharp skirt characteristic.
SELMA: Selection with Modified Aptamers

In vitro selection of nucleic acid aptamers, coined SELEX, has led to the discovery of novel therapeutics and aided in the structural and mechanistic understanding of many ligand‐biomolecule interactions. A related method, selection with modified aptamers (SELMA), enables selection of DNA aptamers containing bases with a large modification that cannot undergo PCR. A key application of this method is the evolution of aptamers containing carbohydrate modifications. Carbohydrate‐binding proteins normally require several copies of the carbohydrate moiety for strong recognition. Whereas it may be difficult to rationally design synthetic scaffolds that cluster glycans in the optimal spacing and orientation for target recognition, SELMA furnishes glycoaptamers with highly optimized glycan clustering, achieving low‐nanomolar recognition. Although numerous applications can be envisioned, the protocols and discussions in this article describe procedures involved in applying SELMA to the discovery glycoDNAs that bind to the HIV broadly neutralizing antibody 2G12. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A novel performance-prediction model of subharmonic self-oscillating mixers

In this paper, a novel model for accurately evaluating the performance behaviour of subharmonic self-oscillating mixers (SOM) is presented. This model permits to investigate on the effects of various design parameters of SOMs namely in terms of conversion gain, IF frequency, noise figure, and intermodulation distortion. Such an accurate model is specifically important in the design of millimeter-wave circuits due to their high fabrication costs.
Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Inhibition Reduces Markedly Cell Proliferation in Epstein-Barr Virus-Infected Stomach Cancer, But Affects Variably in Epstein-Barr Virus-Negative Stomach Cancer

ABSTRACT Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibition by NF-κB p65-specific siRNA induced a near-cessation of cell proliferation in EBV-positive stomach cancer cell, and notably diminished cell proliferation in EBV- positive Raji lymphoma cell. In EBV-negative stomach cancer cells, NF-κB inhibition affected variably cell proliferation. Regardless of cell type, NF-κB inhibition suppressed antiapoptotic function of NF-κB, and tended to promote the nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin. This inverse relationship between NF-κB and beta-catenin was evident in 120 resected gastric carcinomas. Conclusively, NF-κB inhibition may be beneficial in the therapy of EBV-positive stomach cancer, but influence variously EBV-negative stomach cancer.
Solvent-free heterocyclic synthesis.

6.1. Oxadiazoles 4154 6.2. Diazaphospholes 4154 7. Six-Membered Heterocycles with One Heteroatom 4155 7.1. Pyridines 4155 7.2. Pyridinones 4155 7.3. Quinolines 4156 7.4. Quinolinones 4157 7.5. Isoquinolines 4157 7.6. Acridines 4158 7.7. Pyranones 4158 7.8. Flavones 4159 8. Six-Membered Heterocycles with Two Heteroatoms 4159 8.1. Pyridazinones 4159 8.2. Pyrimidines 4159 8.3. Pyrimidinones 4160 8.4. Quinazolines 4162 8.5. Quinazolinones 4162 8.6. Quinoxalines 4164 8.7. Quinoxalinediones 4165 8.8. Oxazines 4165 8.9. Oxazinones 4166 8.10. Thiazines 4166 9. Six-Membered Heterocycles with Three Heteroatoms 4166
Luciferase Reporter Assay in Drosophila and Mammalian Tissue Culture Cells

Luciferase reporter gene assays are one of the most common methods for monitoring gene activity. Because of their sensitivity, dynamic range, and lack of endogenous activity, luciferase assays have been particularly useful for functional genomics in cell‐based assays, such as RNAi screening. This unit describes delivery of two luciferase reporters with other nucleic acids (siRNA/dsRNA), measurement of the dual luciferase activities, and analysis of data generated. The systematic query of gene function (RNAi) combined with the advances in luminescent technology have made it possible to design powerful whole genome screens to address diverse and significant biological questions. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 6:7‐23. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Graphical Approach to Switching Losses and Harmonics Distortion For Carrier SVPWM Methods In Multilevel Inverters

This paper presents a simple graphical approach to compare the switching losses of various carrier SVPWM methods for multilevel inverters. Similarly, the harmonic distortion factors can be indirectly validated. There have been deduced SVPWM methods related to maximum, medium and minimum zero sequence functions. As a result of comparison, the SVPWM with optimized switching loss and THD factor has been proposed. The investigation shows that the maximum/minimum offset SVPWM would be superior to others for lower modulation index and the medium/minimum common mode SVPWM can obtain advantages in the medium and high modulation index range. The proposed SVPWM methods have been mathematical formulated and demonstrated by simulation results
Storage capacity of memory networks with binary couplings

We study the number p of unbiased random patterns which can be stored in a neural network of N neurons used as an associative memory, in the case where the synaptic efficacies are constrained to take the values ±1. We find a solution with one step of replica symmetry breaking a la Parisi. This solution gives a critical capacity α c =p/N ∼ 0.83 which seems to agree with known numerical results Nous etudions le nombre p de prototypes aleatoires non biaises qui peuvent etre memorises dans un reseau de N neurones utilise comme memoire associative, dans le cas ou les efficacites synaptiques ne peuvent prendre que les valeurs ±1. Nous trouvons une solution avec une etape de brisure de symetrie des repliques a la Parisi. Cette solution predit une capacite optimale α c =p/N∼0,83 qui semble en bon accord avec les resultats numeriques connus
Characterization of Chromoshadow Domain-mediated Binding of Heterochromatin Protein 1α (HP1α) to Histone H3*

Background: Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) is a non-histone chromatin protein that interacts with histone H3 through both the chromodomain and chromoshadow domain. Results: The chromoshadow domain specifically interacts with H3 residues located inside the nucleosome, close to the dyad. Conclusion: Rearrangement of the nucleosomal DNA is a prerequisite for binding. Significance: This interaction provides new insight into the structure of silenced chromatin. The chromoshadow domain (CSD) of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) was recently shown to contribute to chromatin binding and transcriptional regulation through interaction with histone H3. Here, we demonstrate the structural basis of this interaction for the CSD of HP1α. This mode of H3 binding is dependent on dimerization of the CSD and recognition of a PxVxL-like motif, as for other CSD partners. NMR chemical shift mapping showed that the H3 residues that mediate the CSD interaction occur in and adjacent to the αN helix just within the nucleosome core. Access to the binding region would require some degree of unwrapping of the DNA near the nucleosomal DNA entry/exit site.
Anti-windup compensation of rate saturation in an experimental aircraft

This paper describes the design, flight testing and accompanying analysis of two anti-windup (AW) compensators for an experimental aircraft - the German Aerospace Center's (DLR) advanced technologies testing aircraft (ATTAS). The AW compensators were designed to reduce the deleterious effects of rate-saturation of the aircraft's actuators on handling qualities. The AW compensators were flight-tested and assessed using the resulting pilot comments, in the form of handling qualities ratings (HQR's) and pilot-involved-oscillation ratings (PIOR's), and flight test data. These media demonstrate that the AW compensators improved the predictability and handling of the aircraft. The results also provide an initial understanding of the relationship between the theory and design choices for AW controllers and the response of the piloted aircraft during periods of rate saturation.
Accurate redox potentials of mononuclear iron, manganese, and nickel model complexes*

Density functional theory (DFT) was combined with solution of the Poisson equation for continuum dielectric media to compute accurate redox potentials for several mononuclear transition metal complexes (TMCs) involving iron, manganese, and nickel. Progress was achieved by altering the B3LYP DFT functional (B4(XQ3)LYP‐approach) and supplementing it with an empirical correction term GX having three additional adjustable parameters, which is applied after the quantum‐chemical DFT computations. This method was used to compute 58 redox potentials of 48 different TMCs involving different pairs of redox states solvated in both protic and aprotic solvents. For the 58 redox potentials the root mean square deviation (RMSD) from experimental values is 65 mV. The reliability of the present approach is also supported by the observation that the energetic order of the spin multiplicities of the electronic ground states is fulfilled for all studied TMCs, if the influence from the solvent is considered as well. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Convergent genome wide association results for bipolar disorder and substance dependence

Twin studies document substantial heritability for substance dependence and bipolar disorder [Shih et al. ( 2004 ); Uhl et al. ( 2008a )]. Individuals with bipolar disorder display substance use disorders at rates that are much higher than those in the general population [Krishnan ( 2005 )]. We would thus predict: 1) substantial overlap between different genome wide association (GWA) studies of bipolar disorder 2) significant overlap between results from bipolar disorder and substance dependence. Recent GWA studies [Baum et al. ( 2007 ); Sklar et al. ( 2008 ); Uhl et al. ( 2008a ); Wellcome Trust Consortium (2007)] allow us to test these ideas, although 1) these datasets display difficult features that include use of differing sets of SNPs, likely polygenic genetics, likely differences in linkage disequilibrium between samples, heterogeneity both between and within loci and 2) several, though not all, reports have failed to identify any allele of any single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (“same SNP same allele”) that is reproducibly associated with bipolar disorder with “genome wide” significance. We now report analyses that identify clustered, P < 0.05 SNPs within genes that overlap between the bipolar samples (Monte Carlo P < 0.00001). Overlapping data from at least three of these studies identify 69 genes. 23 of these genes also contain overlapping clusters of nominally‐positive SNPs for substance dependence. Variants in these “addiction/bipolar” genes are candidates to influence the brain in ways that manifest as enhanced vulnerabilites to both substance dependence and bipolar disorder. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Categorization of On-Line Handwritten Documents

With the growth of on-line handwriting technologies, managing facilities for handwritten documents, such as retrieval of documents by topic, are required. These documents can contain graphics, equations or text for instance. This work reports experiments on categorization of on-line handwritten documents based on their textual contents. We assume that handwritten text blocks have been extracted from the documents, and as a first step of the proposed system, we process them with an existing handwritten recognition engine. We analyse the effect of the word recognition rate on the categorization performances, and we compare them with those obtained with the same texts available as ground truth. Two categorization algorithms (kNN and SVM) are compared in this work. The handwritten texts are a subset of the Reuters-21578 corpus collected from more than 1500 writers. Results show that there is no significant categorization performance loss when the word error rate stands below 22%.
X-ray Crystal Structure of an IκBβ·NF-κB p65 Homodimer Complex*

We report the crystal structure of a murine IκBβ·NF-κB p65 homodimer complex. Crystallographic models were determined for two triclinic crystalline systems and refined against data at 2.5 and 2.1 Å. The overall complex structure is similar to that of the IκBα·NF-κB p50/p65 heterodimer complex. One NF-κB p65 subunit nuclear localization signal clearly contacts IκBβ, whereas a homologous segment from the second subunit of the homodimer is mostly solvent-exposed. The unique 47-amino acid insertion between ankyrin repeats three and four of IκBβ is mostly disordered in the structure. Primary sequence analysis and differences in the mode of binding at the IκBβ sixth ankyrin repeat and NF-κB p65 homodimer suggest a model for nuclear IκBβ·NF-κB·DNA ternary complex formation. These unique structural features of IκBβ may contribute to its ability to mediate persistent NF-κB activation.
Physical Demands on Young Elite European Female Basketball Players With Special Reference to Speed, Agility, Explosive Strength, and Take-off Power

Erčulj, F, Blas, M, and Bračič, M. Physical demands on young elite European female basketball players with special reference to speed, agility, explosive strength, and take-off power. J Strength Cond Res 24(11): 2970-2978, 2010-The aim of the study was to determine and analyze the level of certain motor abilities (acceleration and agility, the explosive strength of arms, and take-off power) of young elite European female basketball players. We also wanted to establish whether there were any differences between 3 groups of female basketball players who differed in terms of their playing performance. The sample of subjects consists of 65 female basketball players aged 14.49 (± 0.61) years who were divided into 3 groups (divisions A, B, and C of the European Championships). We compare the groups by using 8 motor tests. p Values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results show that the division C players achieved below-average results in all tests and thus differ from the players from divisions A and B whose test results were relatively homogeneous. The division C players differ from those from divisions A and B mainly in the 6 × 5-m sprint dribble (discriminant ratio coefficients [DRC] = 0.435), medicine ball throw (DRC = 0.375), and 20-m sprint (DRC = 0.203). Discriminatory power in the 6 × 5-m sprint dribble and 20-m sprint tests is preserved even after eliminating the effect of body height. We assume that, besides the deficit in body height and training status, this is also 1 of the key reasons for these players' lower playing efficiency compared to those from divisions A and B. We hope the findings of this study will enable the generation of model values, which can assist basketball coaches for this age category in basketball clubs, high schools, national teams, and basketball camps.
The narQP genes for a two-component regulatory system from the deep-sea bacterium Shewanella violacea DSS12

Shewanella violacea DSS12 is facultative piezophile isolated from the deep-sea. The expression of cydDC genes (required for d-type cytochrome maturation) of the organism is regulated by hydrostatic pressure. In this study, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence upstream of cydDC in detail and found that there are putative binding sites for the NarL protein which is part of a two-component regulatory system also containing the sensor protein NarX. Furthermore, we identified the narQP genes (homologues of narXL) from S. violacea DSS12 and demonstrated the heterologous expression of narP in Escherichia coli. These results will be helpful in examining pressure regulation of gene expression in S. violacea at the molecular level.
Molecular Regulation of Matrix Extracellular Phosphoglycoprotein Expression by Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2*

Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) is mainly expressed in mineralizing tissues, and its C-terminal proteolytic cleavage product is an acidic-serine-asparate-rich-MEPE-associated motif (ASARM) that is a strong regulator of body phosphate metabolism and mineralization. There is sufficient data supporting a role for MEPE protein function in mineralization, however, little is known about the regulation of MEPE gene expression. As bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is one of the most important signals for calvarial mineralization and MEPE expression is higher in mineralized tissues, we attempted to uncover a regulatory circuit between BMP-2 and MEPE expression. Mepe expression is very low in proliferating MC3T3-E1 cells, but is dramatically increased in the mineralization stage and is strongly stimulated by treatment with BMP-2, even in proliferating cells. Overexpression and knock-down experiments of Smads, Dlx5, and Runx2 indicated that they are indispensable mediators of BMP-2-induced Mepe expression. In contrast, Msx2 showed strong inhibition of Mepe transcription. PHEX is an enzyme that prevents the release of the ASARM motif, a mineralization inhibitor, from the MEPE molecule. Thus, the MEPE/PHEX ratio may be a good indicator of mineralization progression because we found that the mRNA ratio and protein levels were low when osteoblasts were actively differentiating to the mineralization stage and the ratio was high when the cells reached the mineralization stage when it is assumed that osteocytes may protect themselves and make a space to survive from the mineralized matrix by releasing the ASARM motif. Collectively, MEPE expression is bone cell-specific and induced by the BMP-2 signaling pathway. In addition, the MEPE/PHEX ratio of the cell could be a very important barometer indicating the progression of tissue mineralization.
TURTLE - a robotic autonomous deep sea lander

This paper presents a new concept for a deep sea lander system combining both sea bottom permanence characteristics with autonomous repositioning functionalities and efficient ascent/descent motion in the water column. The TURTLE hybrid lander is a particular type of autonomous underwater vehicle designed to act as sea bottom fixed observation node or in operations of transport equipment to the deep sea. The paper discusses the general concept of operation and applications and also presents the developed prototype. This system was developed under a dual use EDA (European Defense Agency) project and with national and European funds. Considered as one of the dual use (civil and military) success stories, the demonstrator was equipped to sensors allowing both seismographic data gathering and acoustic monitoring applications.
A review of overgeneral memory in child psychopathology.

OBJECTIVES Overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM) refers to the impaired retrieval of specific events from autobiographical memory. This review examined OGM in children and adolescents to answer three main questions. First, do children demonstrate OGM? Second, how does the experience of OGM relate to childhood trauma and associated psychopathology? Third, is the CaR-FA-X model (Williams et al., 2007) able to explain OGM in child psychopathology once developmental issues have been considered? METHOD Articles were identified in PsycINFO and PubMed searches using the terms overgeneral memory AND children, autobiographical memory specificity AND children, and autobiographical memory AND children. The authors reviewed 21 articles that examined OGM in young people aged 7–18 years. Effect sizes were calculated for each study. RESULTS The review demonstrated consistent support for a relationship with trauma exposure and depression symptoms in childhood. Furthermore, OGM was found to predict depression symptoms. Limited support was provided for the efficacy of the CaR-FA-X model in young people. CONCLUSIONS Future research will need to examine the influence of trauma characteristics on OGM development, along with the relationship of OGM to depression prognosis. Further investigation of the CaR-FA-X model is required and developmental aspects will need to be taken into account.
Contribution of Receptor Editing to the Antibody Repertoire

Receptor editing, clonal deletion, and anergy are the mechanisms by which B cells maintain tolerance to self antigens. To determine the extent to which receptor editing shapes the normal antibody repertoire, we generated an immunoglobulin κ polymorphism that facilitates the detection of editing of immunoglobulin light chains in vivo. We found that B cells are targeted for editing during a 2-hour delay in development at the pre-BII cell stage, and that about 25% of all antibody molecules are produced by gene replacement. These results suggest that receptor editing represents a major force in shaping the antibody repertoire.
Cloning and characterization of a novel, plasmid-encoded trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase from Staphylococcus haemolyticus MUR313

In recent years resistance to the antibacterial agent trimethoprim (Tmp) has become more widespread, and several trimethoprim-resistant (Tmpr) dihydrofolate reductases (DHFRs) have been described from gram-negative bacteria. In staphylococci, only one Tmpr DHFR has been described, the type S1 DHFR, which is encoded by the dfrA gene found on transposon Tn4003. In order to investigate the coincidence of high-level Tmp resistance and the presence of dfrA, we analyzed the DNAs from various Tmpr staphylococci for the presence of dfrA sequences by PCR with primers specific for the thyE-dfrA genes from Tn4003. We found that 30 or 33 isolates highly resistant to Tmp (MICs, > or = 512 micrograms/ml) contained dfrA sequences, whereas among the Tmpr (MICs, < or = 256 micrograms/ml) and Tmps isolates only the Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates (both Tmpr and Tmps) seemed to contain the dfrA gene. Furthermore, we have cloned and characterized a novel, plasmid-encoded Tmpr DHFR from Staphylococcus haemolyticus MUR313. The dfrD gene of plasmid pABU17 is preceded by two putative Shine-Dalgarno sequences potentially allowing for the start of translation at two triplets separated by nine nucleotides. The predicted protein of 166 amino acids, designated S2DHFR, encoded by the longer open reading frame was overproduced in Escherichia coli, purified, and characterized. The molecular size of the recombinant S2DHFR was determined by ion spray mass spectrometry to be 19,821.2 +/- 2 Da, which is in agreement with the theoretical value of 19,822 Da. In addition, the recombinant S2DHFR was shown to exhibit DHFR activity and to be highly resistant to Tmp.