Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CFD simulation of air removal from gas-existed water supply pipe-bridge

In water supply system, pipe-bridge is prevalent used for distributing water. The presence of air in water supply system causes a lot of harm. The object of this paper is to deal with the simulation of air removal from gas-existed water supply pipe-bridge. A three dimensional model of pipe-bridge using VOF method, which including k∼ε turbulence model, for predicting the air pockets forming as well as the air removing from the downward sloping pipeline was implemented in a CFD package. The results show that air tends to form large air pocket in downward sloping pipe and forms a hydraulic jump entraining air to the flow. Due to the air existence, it makes more head loss than the one without any gas. Air is pumped into water at a higher rate than the flow could handle and the excess air blew back to the air pocket. The smaller bubbles could move more easily than the larger ones, while the smaller ones would gradually coalesce into large bubbles and travel up the pipe then pass back to the air pocket again.
24-chromosome PCR for aneuploidy screening

Purpose of review The purpose of this study is to describe the many advantages of PCR-based comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS) methodologies and the importance of extensive preclinical validation. Recent findings The rigorous preclinical validation of quantitative real-time (q)PCR-based CCS involved an initial validation on cell lines, followed by a blinded evaluation on embryos. Comparison with alternative platforms and a prospective randomized clinical trial demonstrate superior precision and improved sustained implantation and delivery rates. Preclinical validation of targeted PCR-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) has also demonstrated consistency in positive controls, equivalent accuracy to commonly used techniques, high resolution, increased throughput, the simultaneous detection of single gene disorders and triploidy, and the potential to decrease costs. Prospective randomized controlled trials are ongoing to validate this technique for clinical use. Summary CCS using PCR-based methodology improves implantation and delivery rates and allows for fresh embryo transfers. Other platforms are available to select euploid embryos; however, there are meaningful differences between techniques. PCR-based NGS technology may further enhance the utility of CCS for patients with infertility.
Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in the Songpa‐Kangdong district, Seoul, Korea, 1986–2005: A KASID study

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are considered rare diseases in developing countries. We have evaluated the incidence and prevalence of CD and UC over time in a district of Seoul, Korea. Methods: A population‐based study was performed from 1986 to 2005 in the Songpa‐Kangdong district of Seoul. To recruit patients as completely as possible, multiple information sources, including all medical facilities in the study area and 3 referral centers nearby but outside the study area, were used. Results: During the 20‐year study period, 138 incident cases of CD (102 men, 36 women) and 341 incident cases of UC (170 men, 171 women) were identified. For the 20‐year period, the adjusted mean annual incidence rates of CD and UC per 100,000 inhabitants were 0.53 (95% CI 0.44–0.62) and 1.51 (95% CI 1.34–1.67), respectively. When analyzed by 5‐year intervals, the mean annual incidence rates of CD and UC increased significantly, from 0.05 and 0.34 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively, in 1986–1990 to 1.34 and 3.08 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively, in 2001–2005. The adjusted prevalence rates of CD and UC per 100,000 inhabitants on December 31, 2005, were 11.24 (95% CI 9.29–13.18) and 30.87 (95% CI 27.47–34.27), respectively. Conclusions: The incidence and prevalence of CD and UC in Seoul, Korea, are still low compared with those in Western countries, but are rapidly increasing.
Residential Location and Kidney Transplant Outcomes in Indigenous Compared With Nonindigenous Australians

Background Indigenous Australians experience significantly worse graft and patient outcomes after kidney transplantation compared with nonindigenous Australians. It is unclear whether rural versus urban residential location might contribute to this. Methods All adult patients from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry who received a kidney transplant in Australia between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2012, were investigated. Patients' residential location was classified as urban (major city + inner regional) or rural (outer regional − very remote) using the Australian Bureau of Statistics Remoteness Area Classification. Results Of 7826 kidney transplant recipients, 271 (3%) were indigenous. Sixty-three percent of indigenous Australians lived in rural locations compared with 10% of nonindigenous Australians (P < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, the hazards ratio for graft loss for Indigenous compared with non-Indigenous race was 1.59 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.01-2.50; P = 0.046). Residential location was not associated with graft survival. Both indigenous race and residential location influenced patient survival, with an adjusted hazards ratio for death of 1.94 (95% CI, 1.23-3.05; P = 0.004) comparing indigenous with nonindigenous and 1.26 (95% CI, 1.01-1.58; P = 0.043) comparing rural with urban recipients. Five-year graft and patient survivals were 70% (95% CI, 60%-78%) and 69% (95% CI, 61%-76%) in rural indigenous recipients compared with 91% (95% CI, 90%-92%) and 92% (95% CI, 91%-93%) in urban nonindigenous recipients. Conclusions Indigenous kidney transplant recipients experience worse patient and graft survival compared with nonindigenous recipients, whereas rural residential location is associated with patient but not graft survival. Of all groups, indigenous recipients residing in rural locations experienced the lowest 5-year graft and patient survivals.
Human Cancer Biology microRNA Expression Pro fi les Identify Subtypes of Mantle Cell Lymphoma with Different Clinicobiological Characteristics

Purpose: microRNAs (miRNA) are posttranscriptional gene regulators that may be useful as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers. We aim to study the expression profiles of a high number of miRNAs and their relationship with clinicopathologic and biologic relevant features in leukemicmantle cell lymphomas
The AMPK Agonist PT1 and mTOR Inhibitor 3HOI-BA-01 Protect Cardiomyocytes After Ischemia Through Induction of Autophagy

Myocardial ischemia has become one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death worldwide. Autophagy has been demonstrated to protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced damage. A novel small molecule compound 2-Chloro-5-[[5-[[5-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-nitrophenyl)-2-furanyl]methylene]-4,5-dihydro-4-oxo-2-thiazolyl]amino]benzoic acid (PT1) has been previously shown to specifically activate 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Because AMPK activation effectively induces autophagy, we tested the protective efficacy of PT1 on cardiomyocytes after oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes were treated with PT1 after OGD/R. 3-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-oxo-3-buten-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one (3HOI-BA-01), a novel small compound showing potent inhibitory effect on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, was also tested for its cardioprotective effect, based on the established relationship between mTOR signaling and autophagy. Cell survival and autophagy-related signal pathways were examined after treatment with these agents. Our data indicate that both PT1 and 3HOI-BA-01 enhance cell survival after OGD/R. As expected, both PT1 and 3HOI-BA-01 induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes through activating AMPK pathway and inhibiting mTOR signaling, respectively. Induction of autophagy by PT1 and 3HOI-BA-01 was responsible for their cardioprotective effect, since inhibition of autophagy abolished the protective efficacy. Furthermore, simultaneous administration of PT1 and 3HOI-BA-01 profoundly upregulated autophagy after OGD/R and significantly promoted survival of cardiomyocytes. In vivo administration of PT1 and 3HOI-BA-01 in a murine myocardial (I/R injury model remarkably reduced infarct size and induced autophagy. Taken together, our research suggests that PT1 and 3HOI-BA-01 could be promising therapeutic agents for myocardial ischemia.
Effects of Geoduck (Panopea generosa Gould, 1850) Aquaculture Gear on Resident and Transient Macrofauna Communities of Puget Sound, Washington

ABSTRACT In Washington state, commercial culture of geoducks (Panopea generosa) involves large-scale out-planting of juveniles to intertidal habitats, and installation of PVC tubes and netting to exclude predators and increase early survival. Structures associated with this nascent aquaculture method are examined to determine whether they affect patterns of use by resident and transient macrofauna. Results are summarized from regular surveys of aquaculture operations and reference beaches in 2009 to 2011 at three sites during three phases of culture: (1) pregear (-geoducks, -structure), (2) gear present (+geoducks, +structures), and (3) postgear (+geoducks, -structures). Resident macroinvertebrates (infauna and epifauna) were sampled monthly (in most cases) using coring methods at low tide during all three phases. Differences in community composition between culture plots and reference areas were examined with permutational analysis of variance and homogeneity of multivariate dispersion tests. Scuba and shoreline transect surveys were used to examine habitat use by transient fish and macroinvertebrates. Analysis of similarity and complementary nonmetric multidimensional scaling were used to compare differences between species functional groups and habitat type during different aquaculture phases. Results suggest that resident and transient macrofauna respond differently to structures associated with geoduck aquaculture. No consistent differences in the community of resident macrofauna were observed at culture plots or reference areas at the three sites during any year. Conversely, total abundance of transient fish and macroinvertebrates were more than two times greater at culture plots than reference areas when aquaculture structures were in place. Community composition differed (analysis of similarity) between culture and reference plots during the gear-present phase, but did not persist to the next farming stage (postgear). Habitat complexity associated with shellfish aquaculture may attract some structure-associated transient species observed infrequently on reference beaches, and may displace other species that typically occur in areas lacking epibenthic structure. This study provides a first look at the effects of multiple phases of geoduck farming on macrofauna, and has important implications for the management of a rapidly expanding sector of the aquaculture industry.
Survey on efficient and secure storage of diabetes patient records in cloud

In the nonexistence of helpful discovering substantiations, it is mistaken for the ace to stand up about the survey of disease with authentication. All things considered many tests are done that incorporate gathering or portrayal of generous scale data. However many tests could befuddle the standard assurance process and incite to the inconvenience in procuring the last items, particularly for the circumstance where many tests are performed. This kind of inconvenience could be settled with the guide of machine learning strategies. In this paper study on three differing procedure are taken into the idea. The Data set, Cloud security and the Diabetes Disease are dismembered and seen with existing works. This review paper reveals distinctive existing approach that need managed for to certification the issue utilizing information mining framework.
Uncertainty Analysis and Control in Nonlinear, Multiscale, Interconnected Systems

Abstract : The work under this grant continued our contribution to control of mixing in uncertainty complex environments, energy transfer in nonlinear oscillators and fundamental uncertainty theory for complex systems. Our work on control of mixing, applicable to problems of combustion in microengines, resulted in 3 publications in prominent journals. In this project we developed the theory of energy transfer that leads to synchronization in nonlinear oscillators in several directions. In [3] we have studied effects of asymmetry on mitigating limit cycle oscillations in aeroengines. This work earlier lead to development of a patent and a commercial product in Pratt and Whitney jet engines. In [4], we analyzed the underlying system using nonlinear dynamics tools to elucidate the effect of asymmetry on instabilities in the system. We have also studied of coordinated motion [5, 2] where a large system of units are designed to move under local dynamics (affected only by the unit position and velocity) and positions and velocities of immediate neighbours. The amount of communication required between units in such an arrangement is minimal, but global transitions between desired states of operations are enabled by appropriate design. Alternatively (and similar to the situation in thermoacoustics) transitions of this sort in power systems can not be tolerated since they can lead to global desynchronization. In a study of this, applicable to power system instabilities in military aircraft, we gave conditions for such instability in a model system [10] and developed this into a full-blown theory of instabilities in realistic power systems. We have published a fundamental study on uncertainty analysis in dynamical systems in [9].
The association of chemotherapy versus hormonal therapy and health outcomes among patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2−negative metastatic breast cancer: experience from the patient perspective

This study aimed to characterize the impact of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and cancer treatments on health-related quality of life, treatment satisfaction, and daily productivity from the patient perspective. This was a cross-sectional survey of patients with MBC (USA, n = 200; EU, n = 160). Post-menopausal women aged ≥50 years with hormone receptor positive (HR+), HER2−negative (HER2−) MBC, currently using hormonal therapy (HT) or using chemotherapy (CT) for ≤1 year were recruited. Fifty three percent (n = 191) reported CT and 47% (n = 169) reported HT use. Adjusting for covariates, HT users reported greater health-related quality of life (p < 0.05), greater satisfaction with treatment and better feelings about side-effects (p < 0.001). HT users reported less bother with treatment side-effects (0–5 scale, p < 0.001) and less activity impairment than CT users (p < 0.001). HT was associated with better patient-reported outcomes than CT in first-line MBC management. These findings should be taken into consideration while making treatment decisions for HR+/HER2− MBC.
Towards pose-robust face recognition on video

This thesis investigates face recognition in video under the presence of large pose variations. It proposes a solution that performs simultaneous detection of facial landmarks and head poses across large pose variations, employs discriminative modelling of feature distributions of faces with varying poses, and applies fusion of multiple classifiers to pose-mismatch recognition. Experiments on several benchmark datasets have demonstrated that improved performance is achieved using the proposed solution.
DCDC2 Polymorphism Is Associated with Left Temporoparietal Gray and White Matter Structures during Development

Three genes, DYX1C1, DCDC2, and KIAA0319, have been previously associated with dyslexia, neuronal migration, and ciliary function. Three polymorphisms within these genes, rs3743204 (DYX1C1), rs793842 (DCDC2), and rs6935076 (KIAA0319) have also been linked to normal variability of left temporoparietal white matter volume connecting the middle temporal cortex to the angular and supramarginal gyri. Here, we assessed whether these polymorphisms are also related to the cortical thickness of the associated regions during childhood development using a longitudinal dataset of 76 randomly selected children and young adults who were scanned up to three times each, 2 years apart. rs793842 in DCDC2 was significantly associated with the thickness of left angular and supramarginal gyri as well as the left lateral occipital cortex. The cortex was significantly thicker for T-allele carriers, who also had lower white matter volume and lower reading comprehension scores. There was a negative correlation between white matter volume and cortical thickness, but only white matter volume predicted reading comprehension 2 years after scanning. These results show how normal variability in reading comprehension is related to gene, white matter volume, and cortical thickness in the inferior parietal lobe. Possibly, the variability of gray and white matter structures could both be related to the role of DCDC2 in ciliary function, which affects both neuronal migration and axonal outgrowth.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use in Inner-City Adolescent Girls

The purpose of this study is to examine rates of nicotine, marijuana, and alcohol use as well as patterns of problematic substance use and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in inner-city adolescent girls. One hundred four adolescents who obtained medical care at a hospital-based adolescent clinic were systematically surveyed for trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and substance use. A subset (N = 54, 52%) of girls completed a semistructured psychiatric diagnostic interview (K-SADS-PL) to ascertain timing of PTSD symptoms relative to substance use. Compared with traumatized girls without PTSD, girls with full and partial PTSD were significantly more likely to use nicotine, marijuana, and/or alcohol on a regular basis. Fifteen girls met criteria for both PTSD and a substance-use disorder. For 80% of these girls, the age of onset of PTSD was either before or concurrent with the onset of their substance-use disorder. Inner-city adolescent girls with PTSD exhibit problematic substance use and may be at high risk of developing a comorbid substance-use disorder.
PedsQL 4.0: reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 generic core scales in healthy and patient populations.

BACKGROUND The PedsQL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory) (Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, California) is a modular instrument for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents ages 2 to 18. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales are multidimensional child self-report and parent proxy-report scales developed as the generic core measure to be integrated with the PedsQL Disease-Specific Modules. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales consist of 23 items applicable for healthy school and community populations, as well as pediatric populations with acute and chronic health conditions. METHODS The 4 PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales (Physical, Emotional, Social, School) were administered to 963 children and 1,629 parents (1,677 subjects accrued overall) recruited from pediatric health care settings. Item-level and scale-level measurement properties were computed. RESULTS Internal consistency reliability for the Total Scale Score (alpha = 0.88 child, 0.90 parent report), Physical Health Summary Score (alpha = 0.80 child, 0.88 parent), and Psychosocial Health Summary Score (alpha = 0.83 child, 0.86 parent) were acceptable for group comparisons. Validity was demonstrated using the known-groups method, correlations with indicators of morbidity and illness burden, and factor analysis. The PedsQL distinguished between healthy children and pediatric patients with acute or chronic health conditions, was related to indicators of morbidity and illness burden, and displayed a factor-derived solution largely consistent with the a priori conceptually-derived scales. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate the reliability and validity of the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales may be applicable in clinical trials, research, clinical practice, school health settings, and community populations.
Antifungal stewardship: towards defining safe stopping criteria for therapeutic oral azoles

Invasive fungal infections (IFI) remain significant causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with haematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Jantunen et al, 1997; Fukuda et al, 2003; Pagano et al, 2006). Partly because of the cost pressures associated with antifungal drug usage and partly because of their recognized toxicities, there has been considerable focus on antifungal stewardship. Much of the prior focus has been on defining criteria for initiating therapy (Dignan et al, 2009) and the relative merits of various diagnostic platforms. There has been less focus on defining criteria for the cessation of therapy. This issue has become increasingly relevant with the introduction of newer, better tolerated oral azoles, potentially resulting in prolonged outpatient treatment following an initial period of intravenous therapy. Guidance on appropriate length of therapy or triggers for stopping would be of significant clinical value. We recognized a trend for increasing expenditure on oral azoles in our unit, accounting for 26% of the total annual antifungal drug budget by 2009–10; the majority was used in the setting of prolonged ‘therapeutic’ dosing (>6–8 weeks) in the outpatient setting. In 2012, we therefore adopted a modified guideline incorporating direction for the cessation of antifungal therapy. As we do not utilize serum fungal biomarker assays and relatively rarely isolate causative fungus from tissues, the majority of cases of IFI in our unit fall within the ‘possible’ category by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer criteria (De Pauw et al, 2008). Patients
LUSTERING B ASED ON S TRUCTURE AND C ONTENT

Large volume of information is stored in XML format in the Web, and clustering is a management method for this documents. Most of current methods for clustering XML documents consider only one of these two aspects. In this paper, we propose SCEM (Expectation Maximization Structure and Content) for XML documents which is used to effectively cluster XML documents by combining content and structural features. The other contribution of this paper is that we used probabilistic distributions in such way that have probability parameters corresponding to one cluster. In this way, we obtained better effectiveness compared to other clustering methods due to generality. Experimental results on real datasets show effectiveness of proposed method, particularly when it is applied on large XML documents without schema. Also it can be used to improve accuracy and effectiveness of XML information retrieval.
BCI: A historical analysis and technology comparison

Brain computer interfaces have been evolving through time, as time passes and new technologies and devices appear, brain computer interfacing suffers the impact of these new technologies. Even though some technologies like MEG or fMRI may enhance BCI capabilities, they present disadvantages; therefore a BCI technology comparison is presented in this paper in order to mention the advantages and disadvantages that each technology provides.