Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Major Short-term Complications of Arterial Cannulation for Monitoring in Children

Background: Perioperative arterial cannulation in children is routinely performed. Based on clinical observation of several complications related to femoral arterial lines, the authors performed a larger study to further examine complications. The authors aimed to (1) describe the use patterns and incidence of major short-term complications associated with arterial cannulation for perioperative monitoring in children, and (2) describe the rates of major complications by anatomical site and age category of the patient. Methods: The authors examined a retrospective cohort of pediatric patients (age less than 18 yr) undergoing surgical procedures at a single academic medical center from January 1, 2006 to August 15, 2016. Institutional databases containing anesthetic care, arterial cannulation, and postoperative complications information were queried to identify vascular, neurologic, and infectious short term complications within 30 days of arterial cannulation. Results: There were 5,142 arterial cannulations performed in 4,178 patients. The most common sites for arterial cannulation were the radial (N = 3,395 [66.0%]) and femoral arteries (N = 1,528 [29.7%]). There were 11 major complications: 8 vascular and 3 infections (overall incidence, 0.2%; rate, 2 per 1,000 lines; 95% CI, 1 to 4) and all of these complications were associated with femoral arterial lines in children younger than 5 yr old (0.7%; rate, 7 per 1,000 lines; 95% CI, 4 to 13). The majority of femoral lines were placed for cardiac procedures (91%). Infants and neonates had the greatest complication rates (16 and 11 per 1,000 lines, respectively; 95% CI, 7 to 34 and 3 to 39, respectively). Conclusions: The overall major complication rate of arterial cannulation for monitoring purposes in children is low (0.2%). All complications occurred in femoral arterial lines in children younger than 5 yr of age, with the greatest complication rates in infants and neonates. There were no complications in distal arterial cannulation sites, including more than 3,000 radial cannulations. In a retrospective cohort study of 5,142 arterial cannulations in 4,178 children, the overall major complication rate of arterial cannulation for monitoring purposes in children is low (0.2%). All complications occurred in femoral arterial lines in children less than 5 yr of age, with the greatest complication rates in infants and neonates. There were no complications in distal arterial cannulation sites.
The effect of crocin (the main active saffron constituent) on the cognitive functions, craving, and withdrawal syndrome in opioid patients under methadone maintenance treatment

Individuals under methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs are susceptible to several complications, including withdrawal syndrome, craving, and cognitive deficits. This study was designed to elevate the effect of crocin administration on withdrawal syndrome, craving, and cognitive function in subjects under MMT programs. It was a clinical trial that was conducted among 60 patients referred to Soltan Mirahmad Clinic for addict patients in Kashan, Iran. The patients were allocated to two groups including placebo and intervention groups. The intervention group received 30 mg/day crocin (n = 30) and placebo (n = 30) once a day, in 12 weeks. Withdrawal syndrome, craving, and cognitive function parameters were measured before and after the intervention in subjects under MMT programs. Compared with the placebo group, crocin resulted in a significant improvement in craving score (p = .03), and withdrawal symptoms score (p = .01) in the intervention group. In addition, crocin supplementation did not affect cognitive function parameters (e.g., TMT, FAS test, and DGSP score). Overall, crocin supplementation for 12 weeks to patients under MMT programs had beneficial effects on craving and withdrawal symptoms score, but did not affect the cognitive function parameters.
The effect of daily aerobic cycling exercise on sleep quality during inpatient cannabis withdrawal: A randomised controlled trial

Sleep disturbance is a common symptom encountered by cannabis‐dependent individuals abstaining from cannabis use. In the present study, we investigated the effect of daily aerobic cycling exercise versus control stretching on sleep quality during inpatient cannabis withdrawal in treatment‐seeking dependent cannabis users. The protocol incorporated three consecutive phases: a 4‐Day (4‐Night) (at‐home) ‘Baseline’ phase, a 6‐Day (5‐Night) ‘Treatment’ phase (within a 7‐Day inpatient hospital stay) and a 3‐Day (4‐Night) (at‐home) ‘Post‐Treatment’ phase. Participants performed 35 min of monitored activity per day during the Treatment phase. The intervention group (n = 19) cycled at ~60% aerobic capacity (VO2max), while the control group (n = 12) performed a stretching routine. Objective sleep quality was measured nightly throughout the study using wrist actigraphy ratings of subjective sleep quality were also recorded during the Treatment phase. There were no group differences in sleep measures during the Baseline phase (all p > .05). Objective sleep onset latency increased from the Baseline to the Treatment phase in the control (stretching) group (p = .042). In contrast, the Cycling group exhibited improvements in sleep duration (p = .008) and sleep efficiency (p = .023) during the Treatment phase compared to the Baseline phase. Cycling also increased sleep duration (p = .005), decreased average wake bout (p = .040) and tended to increase sleep efficiency (p = .051) compared to stretching during the Treatment phase. Subjective sleep quality ratings did not differ between groups (p > .10). These preliminary findings suggest that moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise may attenuate the sleep disturbances associated with cannabis withdrawal.
The Multi-Omics Architecture of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is highly heterogeneous in terms of etiology and clinical presentation with ambiguity in JIA classification. The advance of high-throughput omics technologies in recent years has gained us significant knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of JIA. Besides a minor proportion of JIA cases as monogenic, most JIA cases are polygenic disease caused by autoimmune mechanisms. A number of HLA alleles (including both HLA class I and class II genes), and 23 non-HLA genetic loci have been identified of association with different JIA subtypes. Omics technologies, i.e., transcriptome profiling and epigenomic analysis, contributed significant knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of JIA in addition to the genetic approach. New molecular knowledge on different JIA subtypes enables us to reconsider the JIA classification, but also highlights novel therapeutic targets to develop a cure for the devastating JIA.
Supply-side control over the survivorship of Chthamalus spp. recruits in northern Baja California

ABSTRACT The constant supply of larvae to coastal habitats is important for the persistence of populations and can vary depending on oceanic conditions that may affect physical transport processes. We evaluated the survivorship of Chthamalus recruits in Playa San Miguel, Baja California, for over a year to evaluate if the supply of new recruits was of greater importance than the post-recruitment factors of competition and predation in determining adult population size. We hypothesized that the number of Chthamalus recruits would predict the number of adults present and that predation and competition would not play a significant role in determining adult densities. Recruit density was a robust predictor of adult density despite the presence of weak density-dependent mortality. Neither predation nor competition significantly affected the survivorship of recruits and did not decouple the relationship between recruit and adult densities, suggesting that these post-recruitment controls did not play an important role in determining the population size of Chthamalus barnacles at this site. The data support the hypothesis that supply-side control is the primary factor structuring the population of Chthamalus in the intertidal community at Playa San Miguel.
Simple and Effective: Spatial Rescaling for Person Reidentification

Global average pooling (GAP) allows convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to localize discriminative information for recognition using only image-level labels. While GAP helps CNNs to attend to the most discriminative features of an object, e.g., head of a bird or one man’s bag, it may suffer if that information is missing due to camera viewpoint changes and intraclass variations in some tasks. To circumvent this issue, we propose one new module to help CNNs to see more, namely, Spatial Rescaling (SpaRs) layer. It introduces spatial relations among the feature map activations back to the model, guiding the model to focus on a broad area in the feature map. With simple implementation, it can be inserted into CNNs of various architectures directly. SpaRs layer consistently improves the performance over the reidentification (re-ID) models. Besides, the new module based on different normalization methods also demonstrates the superiority of fine-grained and general image classification benchmarks. The visualization method shows the changes in activated regions when equipped with the SpaRs layer for better understanding. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/HRanWang/Spatial-Re-Scaling.
A Software Tool for ECG Signals Analysis and Body Surface Potential Mapping

— This paper presents an overview of a software tool for preprocessing, analysis and visualization of ECG signal. The aim of this work is to automate the task of preprocessing, analysis, visualization, signal frequency decomposition, and map creation by multi-channel measurement from patient body surface (Body Surface Potential Mapping, BSPM). Signal frequency decomposition is performed by continuous wavelet transform. BSPM provides large amount of electrocardiological data for further processing. This software tool has been programmed in Java. The program has been tested on the data acquired from the CARDIAG 112.2 system, which measures signals from 80 unipolar electrodes evenly placed on the body surface.
Grouping of Genes According to Correlation Coeﬃcients and Grouping-Based Crossover for Adaptive Diﬀerential Evolution

When problems with strong dependency among decision variables are optimized, a characteristic distribution, which is a thin elliptical distribution, may appear. In order to generate good children, it is necessary to change the variables (genes) simultaneously along the long axis of the elliptical distribution. Since binomial crossover in diﬀerential evolution determines whether each gene is crossed or not with the same probability, it is diﬃcult to change some genes simultaneously. In this study, we propose a crossover operation GBX which uses correlation coeﬃcients of search points in order to detect such distribution. The highly correlated genes are grouped and the genes in each group are crossed (or not crossed) simultaneously. However, if only GBX is used, the diversity of the search points tends to be lost rapidly. The adaptive control of the probability for applying GBX is also proposed. The advantage of the proposed method is shown by solving several benchmark problems.
Evaluation of forage grass resistance to Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål)

Bragantia, Campinas, v. 77, n. 1, p.107-115, 2018 ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to select forage grasses with potential resistance to Mahanarva fimbriolata by assessing effects on insect. No-choice assays were conducted with 12 genotypes and laboratory-reared insects. The following parameters were assessed: mortality and duration of the nymphal stage; adult weight and longevity; pre-oviposition period; number of eggs/female; viability and duration of the embryonic period. As main result it was verified that the mortality of nymphs reared on Panicum maximum cv. Paredão is almost complete and that this forage grass may be PLANT PROTECTION Article
Utility of Mid-Upper Arm Circumference in Diagnosing Malnutrition in Children With Cystic Fibrosis.

BACKGROUND Standardized diagnostic indicators for malnutrition using growth percentile z-scores (weight for length or body mass index [BMI]) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) z-scores are being used in clinical practice; however, their application to the pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) population is not well described. In this study, we aim to compare growth percentile z-scores and MUAC z-scores in diagnosing and classifying malnutrition in children with CF and assess the relationship between their degree of malnourishment and corresponding pulmonary function tests (PFTs). METHODS In this retrospective observational outpatient study of 49 pediatric CF patients, data were collected on baseline characteristics, anthropometrics, and PFTs over 12 months. Agreement in malnutrition diagnoses was quantified by Cohen κ statistics. Pearson test assessed the correlation between MUAC and BMI z-scores as well as PFTs and anthropometrics. Serial anthropometrics and PFTs were obtained and compared for a subset of patients (n = 28). RESULTS Growth percentile and MUAC z-scores were positively correlated in diagnosing malnutrition (Pearson correlation r = 0.87), but MUAC z-scores identified more patients as malnourished compared with growth percentile z-scores (49% vs 12%, Cohen κ of 0.22 [95% CI, 0.04-0.40]). There was no significant relationship between anthropometrics and PFTs. MUAC z-scores increased significantly over time, but BMI z-scores did not show this trend. CONCLUSIONS Our small-scale data suggest a promising role for MUAC z-scores in classifying malnutrition and in measuring changes in nutrition status over time in pediatric CF.
Stable association of a Drosophila-derived microbiota with its animal partner and the nutritional environment upon transfer between populations and generations

In the past years, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been extensively used to study the relationship between animals and their associated microbes. Compared to the one of wild populations, the microbiota of laboratory-reared flies is less diverse, and comprises fewer bacterial taxa; nevertheless, the main commensal bacteria found in fly microbiota always belong to the Acetobacteraceae and Lactobacillaceae families. The bacterial communities associated with the fly are environmentally acquired, and the partners engage in a perpetual re-association process. Adult flies constantly ingest and excrete microbes from and onto their feeding substrate, which are then transmitted to the next generation developing within this shared habitat. We wanted to analyze the potential changes in the bacterial community during its reciprocal transfer between the two compartments of the niche (i.e. the fly and the diet). To address this question, we used a diverse, wild-derived microbial community and analyzed its relationship with the fly population and the nutritive substrate in a given habitat. Here we show that the community was overall well maintained upon transmission to a new niche, to a new fly population and to their progeny, illustrating the stable association of a Drosophila-derived microbiota with its fly partner and the nutritional environment. These results highlight the preponderant role of the nutritional substrate in the dynamics of Drosophila/microbiota interactions, and the need to fully integrate this variable when performing such studies.
Off-task thinking among adults with and without social anxiety disorder: an ecological momentary assessment study

ABSTRACT Although task-unrelated thinking (often conceptualised as “mind-wandering”) has been increasingly investigated in recent years, the content and correlates of everyday off-task thought in clinical disorders, particularly anxiety disorders, remain poorly understood. We aimed to address this gap by using ecological momentary assessment to assess off-task and on-task thoughts in adults with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and demographically matched controls. Findings showed that individuals with SAD more frequently engaged in internally oriented off-task thinking than healthy controls, but not externally oriented off-task thinking. Compared to thoughts focused on the task at hand, adults with SAD rated their internal off-task thoughts as less controllable, more self-focused, and as associated with worse mood than controls. However, when the SAD group was focused on the task at hand, group differences disappeared. Daily findings were paralleled by higher scores in SAD on a trait measure of unintentional, but not intentional, mind-wandering. In sum, the content and mood correlate of internally oriented off-task thoughts depended on the presence of clinical anxiety. In addition, focusing on the task at hand normalised thought content and mood in SAD, highlighting a window for intervention.
Production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol using a new isolate Klebsiella sp. AA405 carrying low levels of virulence factors

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is a promising industrial species for the production of chemicals, yet its opportunistic pathogenicity restrains real-world applications. In this work, we identified a novel isolate designated Klebsiella sp. AA405 which carried low levels of virulence factors. No capsule, fimbriae and flagella were observed around colonies. Genome alignment between Klebsiella sp. AA405 and other 186 Klebsiella species revealed 3421 homologous genes. Notably, the endotoxin of Klebsiella sp. AA405 was only half of E. coli BL21. This strain matched well with common cloning and expression vectors and was sensitive to antibiotics. More importantly, this strain metabolized diverse carbon sources. Under micro-aerobic conditions, it produced 51.66 g/L 1,3-propanediol, 3.82 g/L 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 6.86 g/L 2,3-butanediol in a 5 L bioreactor using glycerol as the sole carbon source. Overall these results indicate that Klebsiella sp. AA405 is a promising strain for the production of bulk chemicals.
INFLUENCE OF MACROPHAGES IN CONFERRING IMMUNITY AGAINST Escherichia coli O157:H7 INFECTION IN ALBINO RATS

The influence of macrophages in conferring immunity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in albino rats was studied by monitoring the number of organisms that were trapped in the liver, spleen, and ileum of the rats that were administered carrageenan, which has a selective cytopathic effect on macrophages. At different intervals, starting from 30 minutes to 168 hours, the selected organs were dissected out and the number of trapped E. coli O157:H7 was counted using standard microbiological techniques. The number of trapped E. coli O157:H7 in the spleen, liver and ileum of carrageenan treated rats (5.66, 5.58 and 5.50 log10 cfu/ml respectively) was observed to be significantly greater (P≤0.05) than the number that was trapped in the spleen, liver and ileum of those that were not administered with carrageenan prior to infection (5.26, 5.28 and 5.37 log10 cfu/ml respectively) at the end of 168 hours. The highest number of E. coli O157:H7 (5.77 log10 cfu/ml) was however recovered from the spleen of carrageenan treated rats after 96 hours of infection. From this investigation, the administration of carrageenan resulted in high recovery of E. coli O157:H7 from the organs of infected rats. Thus, macrophages played a significant role in fighting against this organism in the host’s immune system. Keywords: Macrophages, Immunity, E. coli O157:H7, Liver, Spleen, Ileum, Cytopathy
Differential responses of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) varieties exposed to salinity under a hydroponic system.

A hydroponical experiment was conducted to assess salt stress responses of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) var. CoC 671 and CoC 24 to evaluate the possible interaction of various level of salinity (0,150, 200 mM NaCl) and its impact on growth parameters viz., shoot length, root length, root volume, leaf area and also the physiological parameters viz., chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability, relative water content, nitrate reductase activity, proline content and catalase. With increase in NaCl concentration of the shoot, root length and leaf area decreased in both varieties CoC 671 and C0C 24 by 41%, 35.88%; 28.93%, 42.36% and 65.6%, 51.8% respectively, when compared to control. Total chlorophyll, cell membrane stability, relative water content and nitrate reductase activity also decreased drastic all under NaCl stress than control. The antioxidant enzyme catalase and the amino acid proline content were found to be increase in CoC 671 and CoC 24 than control. In this study, it was observed that CoC 24 displayed higher tolerance to NaCl than CoC 671.
Validated Methods for Removing Select Agent Samples from Biosafety Level 3 Laboratories

The Federal Select Agent Program dictates that all research entities in the United States must rigorously assess laboratory protocols to sterilize samples being removed from containment areas. We validated procedures using sterile filtration and methanol to remove the following select agents: Francisella tularensis, Burkholderia pseudomallei, B. mallei, Yersinia pestis, and Bacillus anthracis. We validated methanol treatment for B. pseudomallei. These validations reaffirm safety protocols that enable researchers to keep samples sufficiently intact when samples are transferred between laboratories.
Impact of a Nordic diet on psychological function in young students

Background: There has been a rapid increase in the prevalence of psychiatric and psychological disease, and this has attracted interest in identifying modifiable lifestyle factors that may affect an individual’s mood. Diet is one potential lifestyle factor that may affect psychological function. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between adherence to the health-promoting Nordic diet (ND) with neuropsychological function in young women. Methods: The study comprised 181 female students aged between 18 and 25 years. Psychological function was evaluated using a series of standardized questionnaires, including the Cognitive Ability Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleep Scale and Quality of Life Questionnaire. A validated food frequency questionnaire, which included 65 types of foods, was used to evaluate the amount of different foods consumed. Results: Evaluation of the dietary composition of the participants showed that the rate of adherence to the ND was positively associated with total energy, carbohydrates, protein, fibre, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, folate, phosphorus, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamins B6 and B12, carotene, whole grain, legumes, cabbage/vegetables, vegetables and fruit (p<0.05). Linear regression showed cabbage/vegetable consumption was inversely related to scores of stress (β=–0.04; p=0.038) and anxiety (β=–0.02; p=0.049) and directly associated with the quality-of-life score (0.02; p=0.036). Conclusions: Adherence to a ND with a high intake of cabbage/vegetables was inversely associated with stress and anxiety scores and directly associated with health-related quality of life.