Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
KNOWLEDGE SHARING ON SOCIAL MEDIA: STATE OF THE ART IN 2018

In the past decade, the importance of social media has increased, especially in knowledge sharing practices. Current massive evolution of computer-mediated communication platforms influenced the ways of how knowledge is managed and shared by individuals. This literature review of published papers in the past decade explores the potential of using social media in knowledge sharing by individuals and, through the mapping of the existing studies, identifies research opportunities for future studies. Primary, tacit and explicit knowledge sharing have been investigated. The findings suggest that there are different ways in which knowledge is shared across social media, but the systematic approach and synthesis is challenging to define. Therefore, there are some open courses of future research that may form the basis for a theoretical framework. The results of the present literature review should increase methodological rigor, and provide the guidelines to academics by identifying research opportunities. They can also serve as a comprehensive collection of findings for knowledge management decision makers.
More Distance, More Remittance? Remitting Behavior, Travel Cost, and the Size of the Informal Channel

The rising number of foreign workers in Italy during the last fifteen years has led to a conspicuous increase in the amount of remittances sent abroad. In this paper we examine the determinants of remittance outflows originated in Italy and transferred abroad through registered financial intermediaries. After controlling for a wide set of socio-economic regressors, we document a strong positive relation between remittances and the cost of travel between Italy and the migrants’ respective home countries. We interpret this result as indirect evidence of unrecorded flows, since the relation between remittances and travel cost should be non-significant unless geographical proximity permits remitters to switch to informal (nonobservable) transmission mechanisms. Moreover, using data on temporal and monetary costs for a subset of bilateral corridors, we also find remittances to be negatively correlated with high transaction costs and low speed of transfer. We rely on this empirical evidence and on a model of migrants’ remitting behavior to present new strategies for estimating the size of the informal outflow.
Personalized goal-based investing via multi-stage stochastic goal programming

In this paper, we propose a goal-based investment model that is suitable for personalized wealth management. The model only requires a few intuitive inputs such as size of wealth, investment amount, and consumption goals from individual investors. In particular, a priority level can be assigned to each consumption goal and the model provides a holistic solution based on a sequential approach starting with the highest priority. This allows strict prioritization by maximizing the probability of achieving higher priority goals that are not affected by goals with lower priorities. Furthermore, the proposed model is formulated as a linear program that efficiently finds the optimal financial plan. With its simplicity, flexibility, and computational efficiency, the proposed goal-based investment model provides a new framework for automated investment management services.
Diagnosing Sample-Selection Bias in Historical Heights: A Reply to Komlos and A’Hearn

Our 2017 article in this Journal stresses the pitfalls of using choice-based samples in economic history. A prominent example is the literature addressing the so-called antebellum puzzle. Heights researchers claim that Americans grew shorter in the first half of the nineteenth century, a period of robust economic growth. We argue that this result relies on choice-based samples. Without knowing the process that led to inclusion in the sample, researchers cannot properly estimate conditional mean heights. We proposed a diagnostic that can detect, but not correct for, selection bias. Komlos and A’Hearn’s interpretation of our analysis confuses diagnosis with cure. We dispute their view that selection bias has been appreciated in the heights literature.
Demand for imports in Papua New Guinea

This article explores the empirical relationship between domestic demand and imports in Papua New Guinea and evaluates the relevance of the domestic demand management policy contemplated by the IMF and the World Bank as a part of the stabilisation program in order to maintain external balance. A model of import demand is structured by applying the concept of cointegration in an error correction framework. The appropriateness of a demand management regime is evaluated. The findings support the structural adjustment programs in Papua New Guinea that emphasise a demand management approach to balance of payments focused on domestic demand.
Whisteblowing jako narzędzie wykrywania oszustw gospodarczych

Streszczenie Obecnie nadużycia finansowe stanowią jedno z większych zagrożeń efektywnego funkcjonowania rynków kapitałowych. Globalizacja i związana z nią liberaliza­ cja oraz niespotykany rozwój technologii informatycznych wyjątkowo sprzyjają oszustwom. Rośnie więc zainteresowanie różnymi narzędziami wspierającymi ich wykrywanie. Badania wskazały, że kluczową rolę w tym zakresie odgrywają zwykłe donosy pochodzące od osób związanych z danym przedsiębiorstwem. Stąd też stwo­ rzono i upowszechniono systemy wspomagające przekazywanie takich informacji, które określane są jako whisteblowing. Problem oczywiście wzbudza znaczne kon­ trowersje. Niektórzy uważają, iż jest to zwykłe donosicielstwo i nie ma nic wspól­ nego z etyczną postawą. Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu prezentację kluczowych zagadnień związanych z whisteblowingiem postrzeganym jako narzędzie wspomagające wykrywanie oszustw gospodarczych. W artykule poruszono głównie problemy związane z defi­ niowaniem pojęcia, przedstawiono amerykański mechanizm whisteblowingu (ucho­ dzący za najbardziej rozbudowany) na tle innych krajów, dokonano analizy zakresu ochrony prawnej sygnalistów i zaprezentowano podstawowe zasady tworzenia efek­ tywnych mechanizmów zgłaszania nadużyć wewnątrz organizacji.
Strength and Kicking Performance in Soccer: A Review

ABSTRACT THE STUDY OF THE MAXIMAL KICK BALL VELOCITY IN SOCCER IS OF INTEREST DUE TO ITS RELEVANCE IN THE SCORE ACHIEVED IN A SOCCER MATCH. THIS REVIEW FOCUSES ON STUDIES THAT HAVE EXPLORED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN STRENGTH AND BALL VELOCITY, AND THE EFFECTS OF STRENGTH TRAINING IN THE MAXIMUM KICKING VELOCITY. THE STUDIES REVIEWED SUGGEST THAT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRENGTH AND KICKING VELOCITY IN SOCCER IS INCONSISTENT. IN ADDITION, PLYOMETRIC AND EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH TRAINING CAN BE CARRIED OUT SUCCESSFULLY IN COMBINATION WITH REGULAR SOCCER TRAINING TO IMPROVE THE MAXIMUM KICKING VELOCITY.
Business networks, social capital and the economic performance of creative and cultural industries: The case of Indonesia

This study examines the ways in which networking characteristics and practices influence the economic performance of creative and cultural industries. The notion of social capital is used to conceptualise the complex nature of networks, including both professional and social relationships that occur on multiple levels. This qualitative study is set in the context of Indonesia, in which two cases are examined: creative apparel entrepreneurs in Bandung and batik producers in Surakarta. The results show that regional environments provide opportunities for creative industries to find specialist suppliers, to gather market information and, importantly, to find and cross-fertilise new ideas. Although regions provide these opportunities, the firms’ internal social capital is crucial in being able to internalise and transform the knowledge from the environment into innovative values embodied in their products.
SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

Currently, around 56% of the world’s population -4.4 billion people -live in cities. With 80 million people added to the urban population every year, the figure is set to rise close to 60% by 2030 and to almost 70% by mid-century. Over 90% of this growth will take place in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. This rapid urbanization which is largely unplanned and unregulated raises a myriad of development challenges, including, massive environmental, socio-economic and spatial challenges. The slum population has crossed 1 billion and is increasing in proportion and absolute terms every year with more than 80% of slum dwellers living in Asia and Africa. At a conservative estimate, there are around 350 million children living in slums with limited access to housing, basic infrastructure and quality essential services.
Grind or Gamble? An Experiment on Effort and Spread Seeking in Contests

We conduct a contest experiment to study if spread seeking and effort can be managed when participants can invest in increasing both the mean and the spread of an uncertain performance variable. Subjects are treated with different prize schemes and in accordance with theory, we observe higher investments in spread for the winner‐take‐all scheme. Both types of investments can be controlled with a three‐level prize scheme. However, the control management is imperfect and behavior is characterized by inertia. We also explore the correlation between effort and spread across subjects and find that is robustly positive.
How interagency coordination is affected by agency policy autonomy

ABSTRACT This article analyses how variances in inter-agency coordination are affected by agencies’ policy autonomy. Performance management has increased the focus on agency autonomy, but knowledge of how different levels of agency autonomy affect coordination amongst government agencies is limited. Theoretically, this article uses agency and stewardship theory to discuss why agencies might regard coordination as either desirable or undesirable. Empirically, this article analyses performance contracts between and annual reports of ministries and government agencies. Findings support the expectation derived from agency theory. Agencies with high autonomy coordinate less with other agencies than agencies with low autonomy do.
The Antecedents of Likelihood to Completion of Cross-Border M&As: An Empirical Analysis of ASEAN Countries

ABSTRACT While cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are emerging in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a high percentage of M&As fails to complete. This research investigates the antecedents of likelihood to complete cross-border M&As between six ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) and developed countries from 2000 to 2013. Our empirical results show that greater distances in law-regulation and country risk lead to lower probability of completion. In contrast, acquirers with bigger size, a higher percentage of stake sought, and cash payment enhance the likelihood of completion. Our findings propose implications for engaging in international business with ASEAN countries.
Who Justifies Attacks on Civilians? Analysis of Attitudes Toward Terrorism Based on Value Surveys

What are the common characteristics among individuals who justify attacks on civilians? Using nationally representative Gallup World Poll surveys of 30,787 individuals from 27 developing countries in different parts of the world, this paper identifies the partial correlates of extremism. The results suggest that the typical extremist who supports attacks on civilians is more likely to be young, unemployed, and struggling to make ends meet, relatively uneducated, and not as religious as others, but more willing to sacrifice own life for his or her beliefs. Gender and marital status are not found to explain the individual‐level variation in attitudes toward extremism. These results are robust to various sensitivity analyses, although some of them vary in magnitude and significance across countries and geographic regions.
Analysis of Monetary Policy Decision Making among Heterogeneous Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) members at the Central Bank of Nigeria

This paper provided an empirical analysis of policy-makers' voting patterns on interest rates in Nigeria. Employing a (pooled) Taylor rule and using real-time data obtained from published personal statements of monetary policy committee members at the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), the paper tests for preference heterogeneity among MPC members. The aggregate reaction function as well as individual reaction functions for MPC members were used to tests whether there is a difference between the voting patterns of internal members and that of external members of the committee. Our results suggest evidence of heterogeneity among MPC members and that the voting patterns of the internal members are statistically different from that of the external members.
Perceived benefits of the Playback Theatre for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An exploratory study

ABSTRACT Treatment options for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are limited. Some social work practitioners have attempted drama-based approaches to improve the functioning and well-being of such children. However, studies on such interventions are few, and their benefits to children with ADHD are uncertain. In this exploratory qualitative study, children with ADHD, their parents and a social worker were interviewed to investigate the perceived benefits of the Playback Theatre, a drama-based programme, particularly in terms of improvements in the executive functions that are often impaired in individuals with ADHD. Results of the study provided preliminary support that the Playback Theatre can improve all four dimensions of executive functions. Other improvements in social support and self-confidence of the children were also reported. The implications for future treatment model using the Playback Theatre, social work research and practice are discussed.
How to ‘See’ Great Policy Successes : A Field Guide to Spotting Policy Successes in the Wild

For those wanting to know how public policy is made and how it evolves from aspirations and ideas to tangible social outcomes, the 1970s produced some classic accounts, which became established in academic curriculums and part of the canon of academic research world-wide. The two best known works from this era are Pressman and Wildavsky’s Implementation (whose iconic epic subtitle inspired ours) and Peter Hall’s Great Planning Disasters (the inspiration for our book’s main title). Pressman and Wildavsky wrote a book-length intensive case study revealing how a federal employment promotion policy, which was launched with a great sense of urgency and momentum, played out on the ground with very limited effect in Oakland, California. Hall presented gripping accounts of public policy failures from around the Anglosphere: ‘positive’ planning disasters (planning projects that ran into cost escalation, underperformance, withdrawal of political support, or unintended consequences so big as to completely dwarf the intended aims), and ‘negative’ planning disasters (instances where plans made in response to pressing public problems never got off the drawing board due to political stalemate). Taken together, these studies were emblematic of an era in which the alleged ‘ungovernability’ of Western societies and their welfare states was a dominant theme (Crozier et al. 1975; Rose 1979; Offe 1984). Having seized a much more prominent role in public life following the Second World War, Western governments were ambitious to achieve planned change, but internal complexities and vagaries of democratic political decision-making often thwarted those ambitions. Generations of public policy and public administration students were steeped in pessimistic diagnoses from these classic studies. Waves of similar studies in the 1990s (Butler et al. 1994; Bovens and ‘t Hart 1996; Gray and ‘t Hart 1998) and the 2010s (Allern and Pollack 2012; Crewe and King 2013; Light 2014; Schuck 2014; Oppermann and Spencer 2016) followed. These works further imply that governments are up to no good, incompetent, politically paralysed, and/or chronically risk overreach much of the time (e.g. Scott 1998; Schuck 2014). OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 25/7/2019, SPi
BY INVITATION ONLY: A LEGISLATIVE THEORY ON PUBLIC LOBBYING AND THE GATEKEEPERS OF INFLUENCE

Title of dissertation: BY INVITATION ONLY: A LEGISLATIVE THEORY ON PUBLIC LOBBYING AND THE GATEKEEPERS OF INFLUENCE Sebastián Vallejo Vera Doctor of Philosophy, 2019 Dissertation directed by: Professor Ernesto Calvo Department of Government and Politics In democratic politics, the participation of interest groups in policymaking is commonly understood as a secluded affair; an exchange were interest groups actively influence the fine print of statutory laws without being observed by the public at large. Why would interest groups and policymakers make public an otherwise private affair? By focusing on the public participation of interest groups in legislative committees, I argue that legislators use the public participation of interest groups in the legislative process as a means to raise the salience of issues they own. By taking advantage of the sequential organization of the legislature, legislators with gatekeeping authority will open the gates of committees to interest groups when the party benefits from the increased public attention and close them when the party does not. Interest groups, on their part, are granted access to micro-manage policy– to benefit from specific modifications of a law–. Evidence to test my arguments comes from an original dataset of 6,989 instances of interest group participation in committee meetings in the Ecuadorian Congress between 1979 and 2018, as well as over 30 semi-structured interviews to interest group representatives, legislators, and congressional staff. I find that, not only are legislators inviting interest groups to participate in issues the party owns, but they are doing so at a greater rate when the exposure of the party brand matters the most: before an election. BY INVITATION ONLY: A LEGISLATIVE THEORY ON PUBLIC LOBBYING AND THE GATEKEEPERS OF INFLUENCE
The effect of culture and organisational culture on administrative corruption

There is extensive literature on corruption, such as political and corporate corruption, some of which examines factors influencing administrative corruption. However, to the best of our knowledge, the multivariate influences of culture and organisational culture on administrative corruption have not been tested using an integrative approach. This paper attempts to fill the gap by building and testing a comprehensive model. We test a sample of 677 responses that reflect the prospective view of the public in Basra, Iraq, using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach. Our study finds that corrupt culture and weak organisational culture have direct effects on administrative corruption, while corrupt culture leads to weak organisational culture. The latter mediates the impact of corrupt culture on administrative corruption. The higher level of social class, the lower the impact of corrupt culture on administrative corruption.
A Study of Native American Philanthropy: Charitable Giving Patterns

iv Vita Auctoris . vi Acknowledgements . vii List of Tables . viii List of Appendices . x Chapter One: Introduction . 1 Chapter Two: Review of Related Literature . 28 Chapter Three: Methodology . 55 Chapter Four: Results . 86 Chapter Five: Summary and Conclusions . 104 References . 152 Appendices . 164
Review of Policies Implemented by Levels of Government to Curb Childhood Obesity: Strategies to improve future policies

Childhood obesity prevalence rates have reached epidemic levels in the United States having nearly tripled over the last thirty years (Prevention, 2012a). Increasing numbers of children are leading sedentary lifestyles. The causes of the pediatric obesity epidemic include factors that increase caloric consumption and those that lead to increasing sedentary behavior. Consumption of sugarsweetened beverages has increased in tandem with the prevalence of pediatric obesity in the United States indicating a correlation. Data collected from two randomized controlled studies have shown that reducing children’s intake of sugary drinks leads to a reduction in weight gain and fat accumulation (Wilson, 2012). In addition, the marketing of high-caloric foods specifically targeted to children has been seen as a catalyst for childhood obesity and junk food (i.e. lownutrition, energy-dense foods and beverages) intake (Koplan & Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity. , 2007). Moreover, 94% of schools fail to provide lunches to students that meet USDA standards for healthy meals (Briefel, Wilson, & Gleason, 2009). In an effort to curb the rapid increase in obesity throughout the United States, federal, state and local governments have begun to implement policies to help protect children. In December 2011, San Francisco implemented a policy to ban fast-food restaurants from providing toys in children’s meals that do not meet government nutrition guidelines (Bernstein, 2010). New York City banned supersized sugar-sweetened beverages from being sold by city restaurants,
Mutual Funds that Borrow

Securities laws prohibit open-end mutual funds from borrowing more than one third of their capital structure because of concerns that too much borrowing may harm investors. This is the first paper to examine the performance of open-end funds that borrow money within these permissible limits. We construct a database from annual filings of open-end domestic equity mutual funds covering 17 years from 2000 to 2016. Eighteen percent of funds borrowed money for leverage within that time. We find that borrowing funds underperform their non-borrowing peers by 62 basis points per year on a total return basis, while also incurring greater risk. After accommodating for the greater risk taking, we find that borrowers underperform by 48 to 72 basis points annually. By contrast, funds that use derivatives and other financial instruments perform about as well as unlevered mutual funds, before and after adjusting for risk, and with less volatility. This suggests that many mutual funds use derivatives to hedge risk rather than as a substitute for leverage through the capital structure. Thus borrowing may present a greater risk than derivatives, which have received more attention than borrowing. Fund investors and regulators would benefit from greater transparency into mutual fund capital structure.