Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shear rate as scale-up criterion of the protein production with enhanced proteolytic activity by phosphate addition in the Jacaratia mexicana cell culture

Abstract The main challenge in bioreactor scale-up is maintaining the bioprocess productivity. The aim of the present work was to scale-up the protein production with enhanced proteolytic activity by phosphate addition in Jacaratia mexicana cell culture, by using the shear rate as scale-up criterion. The volumetric proteolytic activity in the J. mexicana cell culture in shake flask increased 1.9 times with increasing phosphate concentration from 1.25 to 2.5 mmol L−1, while the protein concentration was similar (∼55 mg L−1). This culture was scaled-up from 0.4-L to 4-L in stirred tank bioreactors at average shear rate of 200 s−1 and 234 s−1, respectively, increasing the phosphate concentration in the 4-L bioreactor (2.5 mmol L−1) with respect to the 0.4-L bioreactor (1.25 mmol L−1). There was also an increase in the volumetric proteolytic activity (2 times), without statistically significant difference in the protein concentration. Scale-up strategy and improvement of the culture medium exhibited a similar behaviour maintaining the protein productivity and increasing the proteolytic activity. These results indicate that the average shear rate is a useful hydrodynamic parameter in the scale-up of protein production of J. mexicana cell culture. Additional phosphate and bioreactor hydrodynamics could be related to unusual lengthening and thinning of most cells in the 4-L stirred tank bioreactor. Finally, the power input per unit volume in the scaled-up bioreactor decreased by 53%, improving the volumetric proteolytic activity and maintaining protein productivity. These results encourage proceeding with the scale-up process using the shear rate as a scale-up criterion.
Visual Analytics of Gaze Tracks in Virtual Reality Environment

The paper is devoted to the development of software tools to support eye-tracking-based research in an immersive virtual reality environment. Eye tracking is a popular technology for studying human behavior because it provides objective metrics to estimate human perception strategies. The corresponding hardware evolves rapidly, and nowadays its ergonomics and accessibility enable to use this hardware in a wide range of research. Recently, eye tracking devices are combined with head-mounted virtual reality displays, which allows the detecting of virtual objects the user is looking at. This, in turn, opens three new development roads. First, new interaction methods emerge, when the user can select objects with a gaze. Second, new ways of presenting virtual reality become possible, like, for example, foveated rendering (graphics rendering optimization that locates by eye tracker the zone the user is looking at, increases the image quality in that zone, and decreases the image quality in the peripheral vision). Third, new opportunities emerge to carry out the eye-tracking-based research of human behavior, where-in the spectrum of possible experiments increases dramatically compared to what is achievable in the real world. In this paper, we focus on the third road. While there is a lot of mature software to support traditional eye-tracking-based experiments, virtual reality brings new challenges not yet tackled by the existing means. The main challenge is a seamless integration of eye tracking analytics tools with virtual reality engines. In the present work, we address this challenge by proposing a flexible data mining and visual analytics pipeline based on the ontology-driven platform SciVi that deeply integrates with number of interest areas (areas the gaze is tracked within). This tackling is leveraged by two main features. The first one is the concise yet comprehensive representation of interest areas as graph nodes color-coded according to the fixation count, while the dwell time is depicted by a radial histogram on top of the nodes. The second one is advanced filtering with the re-tracing function, which allows removing short intermediate fixations and merging corresponding saccades thereby enabling analysts to focus on the most significant parts of the scanpath studied. The above features make it possible to study the reading process of the text on the word level (when each word is an individual area of interest). Currently, we implemented and tested the setup for the experiments. This setup includes an appropriate virtual reality scene and a particular visual analytics pipeline. Next, we plan to extend our pipeline with other eye tracking metrics and conduct the reading experiments.
Synthesis, optical, and thermal properties of glassy trityl group containing luminescent derivatives of 2-tert-butyl-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one

In this work we present simple preparation of original trityl group containing glassy luminescent 6-styryl substituted derivatives of 2-(2-tert-butyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)malononitrile (DWK-1TB), 2-(2-tert-butyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)-2- ethyl-2-cyanoacetate (KWK-1TB), 2-(2-tert-butyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione (ZWK-1TB) and 5-(2-tert-butyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (JWK-1TB). Their optical properties have been investigated. The absorption maxima of synthesized glasses is in region from 425 nm to 515 nm and emission maxima is from 470 nm to 625 nm in solution of dichloromethane. But absorption maxima of their solid films is from 425 nm to 500 nm and emission maxima is in range from 570 nm to 710 nm. Incorporation of bulky trityloxy ethyl groups combining with existing tert-butyl groups results in thin solid films formation of synthesized glasses from volatile organic solvents (chloroform, dichloromethane) without them being doped in any polymer. This makes them perspective for potential applications in organic light-emitting diodes and organic lasers by simple luminescent layer composition with cheap wet-casting approaches. All glasses show good thermal stability with thermal decomposition temperatures from 264° to 318°C and glass transition values up to 158°C for DWK-1TB. These thermal properties of synthesized glasses could make them also useful for potential applications in other optical materials such as materials for nonlinear optics.
Alternative Data for Credit Risk Management: An Analysis of the Current State of Research

Determining credit risk is important for banks and nonbanks alike. For credit risk management, the heterogeneous data generated today can potentially complement the established data such as balance sheet ratios. It has not yet been clearly shown which alternative data sources, such as social media or satellite data, provide added value and how this value can be extracted effectively. This review provides an overview of the intersection between these areas and develops a research agenda. The analysis of the 29 identified papers shows that the use of financial news is analyzed most frequently. Social media has also been used to some extent. The use of other alternative data sets, such as geospatial data, has been analyzed infrequently. The empirical evidence suggests that alternative data can provide both explanatory and predictive benefits in credit risk management. Convergence in terms of analytical approaches and evaluation offers the potential to advance the field.
Land use and terrestrial arthropods at the Colombian Pacific coast

Diversity, permanence, and activity of terrestrial arthropods were investigated in four areas of different land use in the lowlands of the Pacific coast of Colombia with the aim to identify potential predator species for the palm root borer, Sagalassa valida. Ten pitfall traps were established along a 100 m transect in four areas: a secondary forest, a 20 year. -old peach palm plantation, and two hybrid oil palm plantations of three and seven years of age, respectively. Twenty-two collections were made covering a whole year. All ants were identified to species or morphospecies level, the other arthropods to order or where possible to family level. In total, 50,603 arthropods were captured, the most abundant were ants (37.0 %), followed by Collembola (35.4 %), Acari (10.6 %), Coleoptera (7.0 %) and Diptera, Hemiptera and Araneae in almost equal numbers (around 2.5 %). Orthoptera (92 % Gryllidae) were present in all collections, always at low numbers. The highest number of ants were recorded in the oil palm transects; Diptera, Hemiptera and Orthoptera were more numerous in the secondary forest, Acari, Araneae and Collembola in the palm transects. Ectatomma ruidum was by far the dominant ant species (84.9 % of all specimens) and absent from only 20 of the 880 captures. The second most frequent ant genus were army ants with two species, Labidus praedator and L. coecus. Rainfall, even area-wide flooding, and temperature did not explain variability in captures of any taxonomic group satisfactorily. We conclude that E. ruidum might be the predator to provide control of the root borer and recommend further studies on its efficiency.
Novel incubation‐free approaches to determine phytoplankton net primary productivity, growth, and biomass based on flow cytometry and quantification of ATP and NAD(H)

Recent advances in sorting flow cytometry (SFCM) and sensitive biochemical techniques have opened the door for a variety of new incubation‐free measurements to assess cell physiology. We adapted highly sensitive bioluminescent methodologies to measure cell NAD(H) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents as predictors of phytoplankton primary production and growth rate. We first applied these methods to algae in taxonomically distinct groups: the chlorophyte Dunaliella tertiolecta, the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and a model cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. WH8102. We found that NAD(H) content [NAD(H)phyto] increased significantly with increasing net primary productivity (NPP) and growth rate. In contrast, and in agreement with previous studies, phytoplankton ATP content (ATPphyto) was highly correlated with carbon biomass. Furthermore, ATPphyto was not correlated with NPP or growth rate. As a field test of the method, we then measured NAD(H)phyto in phytoplankton samples collected by SFCM in the North Pacific. These measurements yielded an estimate of NPP closely matching that from the traditional incubation‐dependent 14C uptake technique. The methods described here enable low‐biomass, incubation‐free estimates of phytoplankton NPP, growth rate, and biomass.
Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ni-Mg Layered Silicate Clays

The synthesis of Ni-containing layered silicate clays from the lizardite-nepouite series (1:1) and kerolite-pimelite series (2:1) with random distribution of octahedral cations was feasible with the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis method. These series were obtained from co-precipitated gels with Si 2 Mg 3-x Ni x O 7 . nH 2 O and Si 4 Mg 3-x Ni x O 11 . nH 2 O (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3) compositions. Syntheses were performed at 220°C during 48 hours under equilibrium water pressure using microwave furnace. X-ray diffraction revealed pure 1:1 and 2:1 synthesized phyllosilicates for the lizardite and the kerolite series, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in both near and mid infrared regions revealed a random distribution of Ni cations in the octahedral sheet of 1:1 and 2:1 silicate clays, that is a good requirement for material applications, especially for the synthesis of metallic catalysts.
Investigation of wear behaviour and microstructure of hot-pressed TiB2 particulate-reinforced magnesium matrix composites

ABSTRACT In this study, magnesium and magnesium metal matrix composites (Mg-MMCs) reinforced with 10, 20 and 30 weight (wt.)% TiB2 particulates were produced by powder metallurgy using the hot pressing technique. The hardness, density, wear behaviour and microstructure of samples were investigated. Uniform distributions of TiB2 particulates were observed except with some partial agglomeration for 30 wt-% TiB2. When compared to pure Mg, the hardness increment of Mg-MMCs reinforced with 10, 20 and 30 wt-%TiB2 particulates was 10.7, 31.9 and 65.3%, respectively. As compared to pure Mg, under load of 20 N, the decrease in wear rate in 10, 20 and 30 wt-% reinforcement was 28.71, 34.98 and 42.92%, respectively. It is believed that the reason of decrease in wear rate was the presence of harder TiB2 particulates, which resisted to wear and plastic deformation. For pure Mg, oxidative wear changed to oxidative and mild abrasive wear transition from 10 to 20 N. Mg/TiB2 composites exhibited abrasive wear mechanism under load of 10 and 20 N except 30 wt-% TiB2 composite indicated oxidative and adhesive wear. However, a transition from mild abrasive wear to severe abrasive wear was observed with increasing load in composites.
A new feeding concept offering species appropriate animal enrichment and visitor attraction at the same time

Zoological gardens are considered important institutions for human-animal interactions. Facilitating human-animal contacts and the simultaneous protection of the animals from possible distress by visitors represent an important task of zoological gardens. We investigated the effects of a new roughage feeding setup for zoo-kept domestic herbivores on both, animals and visitors. In the setup, visitors are provided with roughages to put into feeding troughs for the animals. Data collection via video monitoring of domestic cattle (Bos primigenius taurus, B. p. indicus) enclosures and associated visitors’ areas took place over a 30-day period for two consecutive years at three different zoological gardens. In one zoo the setup was in place in both years, and in the two others it was introduced in the second year prior to data recording. At the two zoos where the feeding regime was introduced, the average daily number of visitors and the overall time they spent together with animals (but not the average time per visitor) increased, as did the number of times that an animal approached a visitor. While there was no differencebetween the years in overall feeding time, feeding was more evenly distributed across the day after the introduction of visitor feeding, with a higher number of feeding bouts per animal. The setup offers possibilities for enhancing welfare of certain animals and simultaneously offering an individual visitor feeding experience.
Machine Learning-Based Monitoring System With IoT Using Wearable Sensors and Pre-Convoluted Fast Recurrent Neural Networks (P-FRNN)

Health issues of individuals has to be observed and diagnosed carefully as well as at the early stages and treatment has to be given using suitable medicines. Many health disorders can be detected at the earliest and thus reduce its activities before affecting the individuals severely. Recently, technology has been incrementally developed and thus numerous wearable devices to monitor human health are readily existing in the market. Even the specialist, clinicians and experts in the medical field, face difficulties in detecting the health issues and disease with the observed symptoms. Information of the patients gathered from Electronic Health Records (EHR), Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable as well as mobile devices helps in providing advancements in the technologies used. This research work introduces a novel monitoring system where the patient uses a wearable sensor connected with the database present in the hospital via IoT. The data obtained is classified with the help of the pre-convoluted fast recurrent neural networks. This classification helps to detect the abnormal data towards the health of the individuals with improved accuracy and reduced time consumption. Before the results of the medical test arrives, this classification approach has the ability to detect the patients’ abnormality in health. The results after classification will be sent to doctor when it is detected to be abnormal or else the parametric analysis is performed. The simulation results are optimized in comparison with the results of any other neural network and wearable device. the rate of classification achieved by P-FRNN is comparable and execution time achieved is appreciably low. Likewise, for ‘Sea’ dataset, ‘DEVDAN’ is better than P-FRNN as accuracy obtained is higher only when numerous parameters are considered. Similarly, dataset with P-FRNN do not perform well for ‘Learn++’ and ‘Learn++. NSE’ models where the accuracy obtained is over 93% when few features are used and moreover the execution time is comparatively low.
The finite volume-complete flux scheme for one-dimensional advection-diffusion-reaction systems

We present the extension of the complete flux scheme to advection-diffusion-reaction systems. The flux approximation is derived from a local system boundary value problem for the entire system, including the source term vector. Therefore, the numerical flux vector consists of a homogeneous and an inhomogeneous component, corresponding to the homogeneous and the particular solution of the boundary value problem, respectively. The complete flux scheme is validated for a test problem and shows uniform second order convergence behaviour.
Evaluation of available height, location, and patency of the ostium for sinus augmentation from an implant treatment planning perspective

Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of height available for a maxillary sinus augmentation procedure without blocking the ostium and jeopardizing the drainage of the ostiomeatal complex using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. Materials and Methods A total of 200 sinonasal complexes comprising 100 dentate and 100 edentulous scans were retrospectively assessed using CBCT. Invivo 5.0, a CBCT reconstruction program, was used for image evaluation. The coronal section demonstrating the ostiomeatal complex was selected as a reference view to perform measurements of the sinus. The measurements were done by 2 evaluators in separate sessions. Comparative analyses of measurements were performed between dentate and edentulous patients and between male and female patients. Results The safe height to which the sinus can be elevated without compromising the integrity of the ostiomeatal complex was calculated for each sinus. In the presence of significant mucosal thickening, the height available for augmentation was calculated by subtracting the height of mucosal thickening from the sinus floor to the location of the ostium. In this study, the available height was approximately 27.05 mm for dentate and 23.40 mm for edentulous patients. The inter-operator reliability was excellent for all the parameters evaluated. Conclusion This retrospective study with a limited number of patients from a single university-based site shows that CBCT is valuable in evaluating the location and patency of the ostium for planning sinus augmentation procedures for dental implant placement.
Mobility of the Cervical Spine in Women with Headaches: A Pilot Study

Background: Cervical mobility is influenced by a number of factors, including headaches. Aims: To assess the impact of headache and its clinical features on the range of movements of the cervical spine. Material and methods: The study involved 25 women aged 30–54 who had headaches in the last 6 months. The respondents completed an original questionnaire, which included, inter alia, pain characteristics. The ranges of mobility of the cervical segment were measured using a smartphone held by a head-mounted setup. Rotation in the Occ-C2 segment was also assessed, and muscle tenderness was examined. Results: The ranges of neck mobility in the study group did not differ from the ranges reported in the literature. There was no correlation between the pain characteristics and the ranges obtained, although correlations between age and a decrease in the mean ranges of mobility and between overweight and reduced mobility of the cervical segment were identified. Conclusions: The occurrence, duration, frequency, and intensity of headaches do not significantly affect the range of motion of the cervical spine.
Phase Space Density Analysis of Outer Radiation Belt Electron Energization and Loss During Geoeffective and Nongeoeffective Sheath Regions

Coronal mass ejection driven sheath regions are one of the key drivers of drastic outer radiation belt responses. The response can however be significantly different based on the sheath properties and the associated inner magnetospheric wave activity. We performed two case studies on the effects of sheaths on outer belt electrons of various energies using data from the Van Allen Probes. One sheath caused a major geomagnetic disturbance and the other had only a minor impact. We especially investigated the phase space density (PSD) of seed, core, and ultrarelativistic electrons to determine the dominant energization and loss processes taking place during the events. Both sheaths produced substantial variation in the electron fluxes from tens of kiloelectronvolts up to ultrarelativistic energies. The responses were however the opposite: the geoeffective sheath mainly led to enhancement, while the nongeoeffective one caused a depletion throughout most of the outer belt. The case studies highlight that both inward and outward radial transport driven by ultra‐low frequency waves played an important role in both electron energization and loss. Additionally, PSD radial profiles revealed a local peak that indicated significant acceleration to core energies by chorus waves during the geoeffective event. The distinct responses and different mechanisms in action during these events were related to the timing of the peaked solar wind dynamic pressure causing magnetopause compression, and the differing levels of substorm activity. The most remarkable changes in the radiation belt system occurred in key sheath sub‐regions near the shock and the ejecta leading edge.
The Development of Overhead Pass Learning Models in Volleyball

This study aims to develop a learning model of passing volleyball for class VIII junior high school students. This study uses research and development research methods with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery and Evaluations). The subjects in this study were students of SMP N 1 Palembang Class VIII class 2018/2019. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. This research was conducted up to the development stage, namely large-scale trials. The validation of this model of passing was carried out by experts in phycical education, volleyball game experts, and linguists. The results of the model validation (Design stage) of this top learning model obtained a percentage of 87.5% of PJOK experts, 90% of volleyball game experts, and 87.5% of linguists from the results of expert validation show that the learning model is the top volleyball game Valid or worth using. The development stage consists of one-on-one evaluations, small group trials, and large group trials. The results of the large group trial were obtained using the instrument of the upper pass motion assessment process, the percentage was 12.5% or 3 students were very good, 87.5% of students got good grades or as many as 21 students. Based on large group trials, the product in the form of a learning model for volleyball can be used in the volleyball learning process.