Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SOLUTION OF POPULATION BALANCE EQUATIONS IN EMULSION POLYMERIZATION USING METHOD OF MOMENTS

In this work, the method of moments is used for solution of population balance equations appearing in modeling of emulsion polymerization (EP). The zero-one model without coagulation effect and the pseudo-bulk model including coagulation effect are investigated as two common approaches for modeling EP processes. The fixed quadrature method is used to close the set of moment equations, and the maximum entropy approach is applied to reconstruct the particle size distribution from a finite number of its moments. Comparing the results with those obtained by the high-precision finite volume technique indicates that, despite the low computational load of the moment method, it has an acceptable accuracy. These features support use of the moment technique for other applications such as on-line control or optimization in particulate processes.
Study on Synthesis and Fluorescent Properties of Ternary and Quaternary Rare Earth Europium Complexes

Synthesis and fluorescent properties of rare earth Rare earth complexes ultraviolet photochromic materials such as ternary and quaternary europium complexes were synthesized in this,we selected the high luminescent β-diketones such as α-thenoyltrifluoroacetone(HTTA),fine fragrant carboxylic acid and o-phenanthroline as ligands. The structure of the ternary and quaternary europium complexes were studied by IR spectrum, indicated that these complexes have bonded with the ligands. The fluorescent properties were studied systematically by fluorescence spectrophotometer, relative fluorescence intensity of the ternary and quaternary europium complexes were quantitative determinated ,these europium complexes showed invisible in the visible light and showed obvious red fluorescence under ultraviolet light. This study of the rare earth europium photochromic materials have theoretical and practical application guidance to security printing ink and packing. Experiment shows, The fluorescence properties of Eu(BA)3Phen and Eu(BA)(TTA)2Phen indicated that two excitation spectrum are banded spectrum, the energy which the ligands have absorbed transmitted effectively to europium ion. The fluorescence emission bands of Eu(BA)3Phen and Eu(BA)(TTA)2Phen are similar, but the relative fluorescence intensity of 5D0→7F2 of Eu(BA)(TTA)2Phen is far bigger than Eu(BA)3Phen. The two complexes have the low symmetry, have the good monochromaticity.
Study on ultrasonic induced encapsulating emulsion polymerization in the presence of nanoparticles

In this paper, the ultrasonic induced encapsulating emulsion polymerization technique was used to prepare polymer/inorganic nanoparticle composites. The main affecting factors in ultrasonic induced encapsulating emulsion polymerization were studied systematically. The experimental results suggested that the pH value, the type of monomers, the type, content, and surface properties of nanoparticles, the type and concentration of surfactant have great influence on the ultrasonic induced encapsulating emulsion polymerization and the obtained latex stability. If selecting cationic emulsifier (such as cetyl trimethylammonium bromide), low water soluble monomer (such as n-butyl acrylate and styrene), and hydrophobic nano silica, the inorganic nanoparticles could be encapsulated by polymers through ultrasonic irradiation successfully under alkalescent condition, forming a novel polymer/inorganic nanoparticles composite. The mechanism of ultrasonic induced encapsulating emulsion polymerization and the composite latex stabilization are proposed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1130–1139, 2001
The effect of dry heating on the chemistry, surface area, and oxalate solubility of synthetic 2-line and 6-line ferrihydrites

Abstract Synthetic 2-line and 6-line ferrihydrites were heated to 400 K, 500 K and 600 K, under dry conditions. Heating to 400 K lowered the ratios of structural OH to Fe2O3 without a phase transformation. The lowest ratios observed at 400 K were 1·23 (2-line) and 0·85 (6-line ferrihydrite) after 1150 h. For 6-line ferrihydrites heated to 400 K, the solubility in oxalate and the BET surface areas decreased with increasing heating time, whereas the unit-cell parameters, the relative peak intensities and the mean coherence lengths did not change significantly. Heating the 2-line ferrihydrites to 400 K produced microporosity.
Natural-rubber-based flexible microfluidic device

The fabrication of flexible devices is of great interest owing to their eco-friendliness, economic prospects, feasibility, and wide range of applications in biocompatible diagnostic devices and flexible labs-on-chips. Therefore, this paper reports a new method developed to fabricate natural-rubber-based microfluidic devices (NRMDs) for optical and electrochemical applications. Furthermore, we provide a detailed protocol that will allow further study using NRMDs for the development of different lab-on-a-chip platforms. Microchannels were successfully replicated in NRMDs through casting of latex collected from trees of Hevea Brasiliensis into an acrylic moulding template. NRMDs combined both flexibility and transparency, the latter of which is an important characteristic for application in spectroscopic measurements in the visible range. When two flexible carbon fiber (FCF) electrodes were inserted into the NRMD, the device stated to work as a flexible electrochemical microcell. FCF electrodes showed a fast response to reach the stationary current immediately after the [Fe(CN)6]4−/3− concentration was changed. High reversibility in the cleaning process was also confirmed when the microdevice was cleaned several times. Electronic spectroscopy was used to evaluate the absorption band of potassium ferricyanide and results showed that NRMD is very efficient for spectroscopic analysis in flow. NRMDs with different formats and configurations were evaluated. The findings show that natural rubber is a robust and versatile promising material for building microfluidic labs-on-chips.
Swimming pools and intra-city climates: influences on residential water consumption in Cape Town.

Water demand management can be effective as a resource management approach if demand estimation is accurate and consumption determinants are defined. While determinants such as household income, regional climate, water price, property size and household occupancy have been comprehensively studied and modelled, other determinants such as swimming pools and intra-city climates have not. This study examines residential water consumption in the City of Cape Town in 2008/2009, under property size regimes, to separately determine whether the presence of pools or occurrence of different intra-city precipitation patterns have an influence on water consumption. A sample of 14 233 properties is analysed, with 20.86% having swimming pools within their boundaries. Overall, those properties with swimming pools used 37.36% or 8.85 kl per month more water than those without, with pools having a larger influence on household consumption on smaller properties. These results were statistically significant. Different precipitation patterns occurred over the study period, and while there were indications that consumption may be lower if there is more rainfall, limited evidence was found to support the hypothesis. Keywords: water consumption, water demand management, swimming pools, precipitation, Cape Town
Electronic and magnetic properties of iron adsorption on graphene with double hexagonal geometry

Motivated by recent experimental and theoretical works dealing with the silicene and the graphene materials and inspired from the root systems of Lie algebras, we study the electronic and the magnetic properties of the iron adatom adsorption on the graphene. The calculations have been performed using the density functional theory method. More precisely, the system we consider here consists of a static single layer of the graphene interacting with the iron atoms which are placed at hollow (H) sites and localized at a distance D along the normal direction. This system, involving the G2 hexagons appearing in the classification of rank two Lie symmetries, exhibits, up some details, a nice double hexagonal symmetry required by coverage of 0.666 monolayer placed at H sites. The resulting materials behave like ferromagnetic ones having a strong spin polarization, instead of gapless-semiconductor with the nonmagnetic features appearing in the pure graphene. The responsible mechanism for such behaviors is the interaction between the iron atoms. It has been realized that there are two interaction types. The first one is associated with the direct interaction between the iron atoms, whereas the second one corresponds to the indirect interaction via the carbon atoms. Using the molecular field approximation, the Curie temperature has been estimated around 367 K. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long-term tillage and synthetic fertilization affect soil functioning and crop yields in a corn–soybean rotation in eastern Canada

Ziadi, N. , Angers, D. A. , Gagnon, B. , Lalande, R. , Morel, C. , Rochette, P. and Chantigny, M. H. 2014. Long-term tillage and synthetic fertilization affect soil functioning and crop yields in a corn–soybean rotation in eastern Canada. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 365–376. Adoption of conservation practices can induce beneficial changes to soil properties and related crop yields in which magnitude varies according to soil and climatic conditions but usually increases with time. A long-term field experiment was initiated in 1992 at L'Acadie in southern Quebec on a clay loam soil to evaluate the effect of tillage [mouldboard plow (MP) vs. conservation (CT)], synthetic N fertilization (0, 80, and 160 kg N ha−1) and synthetic P fertilization (0, 17.5, and 35 kg P ha−1) on soil functioning and grain yields of a corn–soybean rotation. Soil tillage was performed every year while synthetic fertilizers were applied only to the corn. Results obtained 12 to 20 yr after initiation of the study indicated that CT enhanced organ.
2‐Chloro‐3,4‐di­methoxy­benz­aldehyde (4‐nitro­phenyl)­hydrazone

Crystals of the title compound, C15H14ClN3O4, were obtained from a condensation reaction of 2-chloro-3,4-di­methoxy­benz­aldehyde and 4-di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazine. Within the nitro­phenyl moiety, the distances of 1.401 (2) and 1.399 (2) A for the two C—C bonds adjacent to the imino group are appreciably longer than the average distance of 1.377 (2) A for the other aromatic C—C bonds in the same benzene ring. The crystal packing involves π–π stacking effects.
CHARACTERIZATION OF TOTAL WAXES DERIVED FROM SOME INDIAN CRUDE OILS BY FRACTIONATION

ABSTRACT Characterization of total refined waxes separated from Indian origin Ratna & BorhoHa crude oils have been made by fractionation. Solvent crystallization and vaccum distillation technique have been used for the fractionation of the waxes. The study indicated that each wax had different melting point distribution characteristics.
Experimental study of vertically upward flame spread over polymethyl methacrylate slabs at different altitudes

Experiments of vertically upward flame spread over polymethyl methacrylate slabs were conducted in Hefei (with an altitude of 29.8 m) and Lhasa (with an altitude of 3658.0 m). Measurements were taken for the flame heights, the flame heat flux to the fuel surface and the flame spread rate. Two regions were identified for the dependence of the flame height on the heat release rate per unit width Q˙′ . When Q˙′ is less than 22 kW/m, the flame height scales as Q˙′4/3 while it scales as Q˙′4/5 , when Q˙′ is greater than 22 kW/m. The flame heights in Lhasa are approximately 1.34 and 1.25 times, respectively, of those in Hefei for these two regions. The flame heat flux to the fuel surface decreases significantly from the pyrolysis front to the flame tip, whereas it decreases slowly above the flame tip. In both regions, it can be correlated reasonably well with (x − xp)/(xf − xp) using the form of q˙f″=q˙0″exp−Cx−xp/xf−xp . The flame heat flux to the fuel surface in Lhasa is approximately 0.75 times of that in Hefei. The flame spread process can be divided into three stages, which correspond to a flow region of laminar, transitional, and turbulent, respectively. The transition to a turbulent flow is delayed in Lhasa compared with Hefei. The flame spread rate in Lhasa is about half of that in Hefei because of the lower flame heat flux caused by the lower ambient pressure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of exposure time of fast neutron irradiation on growth and yield parameters of Capsicum annum and Capsicum frutescens

In order to assess the effect of fast neutron irradiation (FNI) on growth and yield parameters of Capsicum annum and Capsicum frutescens, 400 dry seeds of each species were exposed to FNI from an Americium Beryllium source with a flux of 1.5 × 10 4 n.cm 2 /s for five irradiation exposure periods (IEPs): 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min (100 seeds per treatment). Plant grown parameters (percent germination, plant height and number of leaves/plant) and yield parameters (number of fruit/plant, number of seeds/fruit, length of fruit and weight of fruit) from each FNI treatment and control were measured. Highly significant differences were observed in plant height and number of leaves/plant in both species. Different irradiation exposure periods tend to favour different yield parameters in C. annum in which the number of fruits/plant and number of seeds/fruit were improved by 90 min IEP, the width and length of fruit were favoured by 60 min IEP and the weight of fruit by 120 min IEP. The values obtained in C. frutescens showed a reduction in fruit length and weight with an increase in irradiation exposure period (IEP). However, 90 min IEP resulted in more fruits/plant and wider plants. FNI serves as a valuable tool for the improvement of peppers (both C. annum and C. frutescens).
EVALUATION OF ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF 2, 4, 6- TRIHYDROXY PHENYL PROPIONATE ISOLATED FROM TRIUMFETTA ROTUNDIFOLIA (LAM). IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED ON WISTAR RATS

The anti-diabetic activity of 2, 4, 6 - Trihydroxy phenyl propionate isolated from Triumfetta rotundifolia (Lam.) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats was investigated in the present study. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes mellitus. The anti-diabetic potential was assessed by determining oral glucose tolerance, fasting blood glucose, urine glucose, liver glycogen content, serum lipid profile, change in body weight and histopathology studies. 2, 4, 6-Trihydroxy phenyl propionate isolated from Triumfetta rotundifolia was administered to normal and experimental diabetic rats for 15 days. Significant (p<0.001) reduction in fasting blood glucose levels was observed in the 2, 4, 6-Trihydroxy phenyl propionate is treated diabetic animals from day 7 onwards. In oral glucose tolerance test, reduction in fasting blood glucose a level was noted after 60 min of extract administration. After 15 days of treatment with extracts the maximum reduction in fasting blood glucose (53.87%) was observed in diabetic rats treated with 2, 4, 6-Trihydroxy phenyl propionate isolated from Triumfetta rotundifolia (50mg/kg/body wt). Serum lipid levels reversed towards near normal and the loss of body weight was controlled in treated rats as compared to diabetic control. The extract treatment also showed a significant increase in the liver glycogen content and gradual decrease in level of urine sugar level of sugar level. Microscopically examined pancreas section of rats treated with 50mg/kg isolated compound showed normal architecture of pancreas. The results demonstrate that whole plant of 2, 4, 6Trihydroxy phenyl propionate isolated from Triumfetta rotundifolia possesses significant anti-diabetic activity. WOR
VOLATILES IN TAMAIOASA ROMANEASCA VIA SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION (SFE) ANALYSIS

Wine analysis is a complex process, requiring multiple techniques and very in-depth multidisciplinary knowledge. Moreover, when talking about sensorial potent wines, like Muscat or Tămâioasă Românească (from aromatic Romanian grape variety), the identification and characterization of its volatile compounds is achieved through different methods, most calling for powerful solvents to separate the aroma substances. Supercritical fluid extraction is a powerful technique with great promise in organic analytical chemistry. To date, little has been published on the use of SFE in the analysis of wine aromas. The main objective of this study is the analysis of volatiles in samples of Tămâioasă românească wines through a custom-made SFE method. The wine variants have been obtained by applying the general technological processes for aromatic wines, using specific oenological products. An in-house SFE analysis method was developed and applied, the obtained extracts were then analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the captured compounds. Regarding the total number of findings in respect to volatiles, the highest concentrations occur with low molecular weight alcohols, esters and acetic acid. Besides, there were also identified other volatile compounds, such as terpenoides and phenols. These specific compounds originate from the grape variety and give the “varietal” character to the wines.
Synthesis, characterization, X-ray crystallography, and antimicrobial activities of Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with a salicylaldehyde-based thiosemicarbazone ligand

A new salicylaldehyde-based ‘ONS’ tridentate salicylaldehyde-N(4)-diethylthiosemicarbazone (H2SANEt2) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, mass, IR, and 1H NMR spectral parameters. The coordination mode of the synthesized ligand is reported by solid state isolation and physico-chemical identification of Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes, [Ni(SANEt2)]2 (1) and [Cu(SANEt2)]2 (2). Both complexes are neutral and oxygen-bridged dinuclear species. The ligand is bideprotonated ‘ONS’ tridentate in both complexes. IR spectral data indicate that coordination of each metal of the two complexes occurs through phenolic oxygen, azomethine nitrogen, and thiolato sulfur. X-ray crystallographic data of 1 and 2 (both monoclinic, P21/c) show a MONSO (where M=Ni and Cu) square-planar coordination around each metal. Magnetic studies of 2 show that the two Cu(II) centers are strongly antiferromagnetically coupled via the bridging phenoxo O. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against pathogenic bacteria. The inhibition power of the complexes was greater than the parent ligand.
A contribution to the theory of fibrous aerosol filters

Almost all properties of the “parallel” filter model—a system of parallel, cylindrical, staggered and regularly arranged fibres, can be treated theoretically, but these properties differ considerably from those of real filters. On the contrary, the theoretical treatment of the “fan” model, obtained by turning in the parallel model all fibre rows in their planes by an arbitrary angle, is very difficult, but its properties are the same as those of real filters with a perfectly homogeneous structure. The “degree of inhomogeneity” of a real filter is the reverse ratio of its resistance and of the particle capture coefficient on its fibres (in absence of inertial deposition) to those in an equivalent fan model. This makes it possible to calculate the filter efficiency from its resistance.
H and O stable isotope compositions of different soil water types - effect of soil properties

Stable isotope compositions of water are usually investigated to trace the flow of meteoric water from precipitation through the soil matrix to ground water, stream water and plants. This tracer data can much reduce model uncertainty and give further details on water and solute movement. Still, the distribution of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes through the soil matrix and the isotope exchanges between the soil water and other soil compartments (living organisms, minerals, exchange capacity, organic matter) are still poorly studied. In this study different soil water types were extracted through gravity, centrifugation and cryogenic vacuum distillation in a laboratory experiment. The drainage water, capillary water and tightly bound water, i.e. soil water below the pressure of pF4.2, were analysed for H and O stable isotopes. The isotopic signatures of deuterium (
Structure-activity relationships of Candida rugosa lipase immobilized on polylactic acid nanoparticles

Interfacing proteins with nanostructured materials offers the possibility to obtain novel bioconjugates for many applications. We report herein the ability of nanostructured poly-DL-lactic acid (PDLLA) based carriers to enhance enzymatic activity and stability. PDLLA was processed using an innovative patented methodology that permitted to obtain spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 220 nm that were used as carrier for the physical adsorption of Candida rugosalipase (CRL). Enzymatic activity and stability of CRL before and after conjugation to the nanopolymeric support were evaluated in different conditions (pH, T, organic solvents) and the conformational changes of CRL produced by its interaction with the nanopolymeric carrier were investigated by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A comparative study between X-ray diffraction data in the literature and experimental FTIR results gave deeper insight into the conformational features of the immobilized protein.
Realization of Boolean Logic Functionality Using Redox‐Based Memristive Devices

Emerging resistively switching devices are thought to enable ultradense passive nanocrossbar arrays for use as random access memories (ReRAM) by the end of the decade, both for embedded and mass storage applications. Moreover, ReRAMs offer inherent logic‐in‐memory (LIM) capabilities due to the nonvolatility of the devices and therefore great potential to reduce the communication between memory and calculation unit by alleviating the so‐called von Neumann bottleneck. A single bipolar resistive switching device is capable of performing 14 of 16 two input logic functions in the logic concept presented by Linn et al. (“CRS‐logic”). In this paper, five types of selectorless devices are considered to validate this CRS‐logic concept is experimentally by means of the IMP and AND logic operations. As reference device a TaO x ‐based ReRAM cell is considered, which is compared to three more advanced device configurations consisting either of a threshold supported resistive switch (TS‐ReRAM), a complementary switching device (CS), or a complementary resistive switch (CRS). It is shown that all of these devices offer the desired LIM behavior. Moreover, the feasibility of XOR and XNOR operations using a modified logic concept is applied for both CS and CRS devices and the pros and cons are discussed.
Time‐correlation functions for restricted rotational diffusion

The dynamical model of rotational diffusion of rod‐shaped molecules in a conical volume is applied to the calculation of time autocorrelation functions of 1st and 2nd order spherical harmonic functions of the rod’s orientation angles. Numerical results are obtained for the various correlation functions as a function of the polar angle ϑ0 within which the molecule’s axis is confined. Applications to dielectric relaxation, dynamic light scattering, and fluorescence depolarization experiments are pointed out.