Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inclusion of full-fat safflower seed (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in broiler diet

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of various levels of full-fat safflower seed (FFSS) on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from Arbor Acres strain. Diets containing various levels of FFSS (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) were given to broilers from 21 to 42 day of age. Before experiment beginning, starter feed was given to chicks for 3 weeks. Then, three hundred fifty 21-day-old broiler chickens were weighted and distributed randomly to 5 treatments with 5 replicates (14 chicks in each replicate) in each treatment. Water and feed were provided ad libitum. Blood parameters and carcass characteristics were determined at 42 days of age. FFSS levels did not significantly affect weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Breast yield, thighs, empty gastrointestinal tract, liver and gizzard weight percentages were not affected by dietary treatments, but abdominal fat pad percentage did not significantly decrease. Triglyceride and total serum protein concentrations were not affected by FFSS levels, but cholesterol concentration was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The results of the current study indicated that FFSS could be used up to 20% of broiler diets without any adverse effects on performance or other parameters of chickens.
Measuring Multinationals' R&D Activities in China on the Basis of a Patent Database: Comparing European, Japanese and US Firms

Using an internationally linked patent database, this paper compares the types of RD European firms are inclined toward market-driven R&D, while Japanese firms, which lag behind the other two, focus on production-driven R&D. This pattern may be related to the relative competitiveness of each country: Japanese firms are strong in electronics and automobiles, where production process improvement is important, while US firms flourish in science-based industries, such as pharmaceuticals and software, where interacting with the local science base is a critical factor.
LONGHORNED BEETLES OF ANKARA REGION IN TURKEY (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE)

This work is the first attempt for entire longhorned beetles fauna of Ankara. All known taxa from Ankara province are given with some new faunistical data in the present text. Aegosoma scabricorne (Scopoli, 1763) for subfamily Prioninae, Chlorophorus cursor Rapuzzi & Sama, 1999 and Chlorophorus trifasciatus (Fabricius, 1781) for subfamily Cerambycinae and Oberea oculata (Linnaeus, 1758) for subfamily Lamiinae are recorded for the first time for Ankara's fauna. Longhorned beetles fauna of this region is about one fifth (20 %) of the fauna of Turkey, while the territorial area of Ankara is 3.19 % of whole Turkey. This work is introduced that Ankara's fauna is important for Turkey and is one of the richest faunas among the other Turkish provinces. A simple faunistical list for Ankara is also presented at the end of this work.
Overview and characterization of retrievals of temperature, pressure, and atmospheric constituents from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) measurements

Received 18 February 2009; revised 22 April 2009; accepted 26 June 2009; published 23 October 2009. [1] The retrieval algorithm for the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) instrument onboard NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS) Aura satellite is presented. The algorithm is based on optimal estimation theory, using a modified Levenberg-Marquardt approach for the iterative solution. Overview of the retrieval scheme, convergence criteria, and the forward models is given. Treatments of clouds and aerosols as well as line-of-sight gradients in temperature are described. The retrievals are characterized by high vertical resolution of 1 km and negligible a priori contribution for all products in regions of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (most of the retrieval ranges). It is shown that these characteristics hold for all latitudes along a HIRDLS orbit. The weighting functions are narrow and show good sensitivity to temperature or gas perturbations in regions of high SNR. The retrieval error predicted by the algorithm consists of radiometric noise, pointing jitter error, smoothing error, and forward model error. For temperature, these components are shown for a midlatitude profile as well as for a full orbit. The predicted temperature error varies from 0.5 K to 0.8 K from the upper troposphere to the stratopause region, consistent with the empirical estimates given by Gille et al. (2008). For O3 and HNO3, the predicted errors and their useful pressure ranges are, respectively, 10–5% from 50 to 1 hPa and 5–10% from 100 to 10 hPa. These results are based on version V004 of the retrieved data, released in August 2008 to the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov).
The Effect of Stimulating Massage in Decreasing Neonates’ Bilirubin Level at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

Bilirubin is one indicator of the health examined from the function of organs, especially the liver function of neonates. Increased bilirubin physiologically occurs in neonates aged 3-10 days in which the level is less than 10 mg/dl. As a matter of fact, increased bilirubin exceeds physiological limitations as it will cause bilirubin encephalopathy as well as fatality. One of the stimulations can be used to reduce bilirubin level is by performing stimulating massage with the field method massage. This study was carried out to find out the amount of decreased bilirubin levels as influenced by stimulating massage. The study was aimed to determine the effect of stimulating massage in decreasing the bilirubin levels in neonates. This study was a qualitative design with pre and post test. In addition, control group design was applied with the sample of one experiment group in which the treatment of stimulating massage with 15 minutes duration by using the field method. Samples qualified were those with bilirubin levels above 10 mg/dl and had been recorded in the patients’ medical records. Data analysis was made in the form of data description in which the number of total bilirubin levels was measured by using laboratory results and presented in graphical form to be measured in the beginning and the end of the study for each sample. There was an effect of stimulating massage which was indicated by decreased bilirubin level at 4.8 mg/dl in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia after the treatment. Stimulating massage is effective in decreasing the bilirubin levels in neonates.
Adult and larval hoverfly communities and their parasitoid fauna in wheat in New South Wales, Australia

Aphidophagous hoverfly adults and larvae were collected in yellow pan water traps placed on the ground in a wheat crop in New South Wales. The majority of adults (84%) and larvae (91%) were Melangyna spp. ; the remainder comprised Simosyrphus grandicornis Macquart.The distribution profile of larval size derived from their body outline was modelled for the dominant species, Melangyna viridiceps Macquart, and each of the three instars was represented by a peak in the distribution. Mean numbers of syrphid larvae and aphids per wheat stem were 0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.55 ± 0.09 respectively. Seventeen of 121 (14%) dissected third-instar larvae contained parasitoids. Larvae also fed on small lepidopteran larvae.
Analysis of Complex Correlated Interval-Censored HIV Data from Population Based Survey

In studies of HIV, interval-censored data occur naturally. HIV infection time is not usually known exactly, only that it occurred before the survey, within some time interval or has not occurred at the time of the survey. Infections are often clustered within geographical areas such as enumerator areas (EAs) and thus inducing unobserved frailty. In this paper we consider an approach for estimating parameters when infection time is unknown and assumed correlated within an EA where dependency is modeled as frailties assuming a normal distribution for frailties and a Weibull distribution for baseline hazards. The data was from a household based population survey that used a multi-stage stratified sample design to randomly select 23,275 interviewed individuals from 10,584 households of whom 15,851 interviewed individuals were further tested for HIV (crude prevalence = 9.1%). A further test conducted among those that tested HIV positive found 181 (12.5%) recently infected. Results show high degree of heterogeneity in HIV distribution between EAs translating to a modest correlation of 0.198. Intervention strategies should target geographical areas that contribute disproportionately to the epidemic of HIV. Further research needs to identify such hot spot areas and understand what factors make these areas prone to HIV.
RNA Detection Based on Graphene Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor

Graphene has attracted much attention in biosensing applications due to its unique properties. In this paper, the monolayer graphene was grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Using the graphene as the electric channel, we have fabricated a graphene field-effect transistor (G-FET) biosensor that can be used for label-free detection of RNA. Compared with conventional method, the G-FET RNA biosensor can be run in low cost, be time-saving, and be miniaturized for RNA measurement. The sensors show high performance and achieve the RNA detection sensitivity as low as 0.1 fM, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the previously reports. Moreover, the G-FET biosensor can readily distinguish target RNA from noncomplementary RNA, showing high selectivity for RNA detection. The developed G-FET RNA biosensor with high sensitivity, fast analysis speed, and simple operation may provide a new feasible direction for RNA research and biosensing.
EXPLORING TRANSPORT EQUITY IN A POST-BOOM & CAR-DOMINANT CITY: THE CASE OF DUBLIN, IRELAND.

Researchers define transportation equity as the fairness with which the impacts of transport on society are distributed. These impacts refer to the benefits and costs that arise from transport. While transport infrastructure can have important and serious impacts on equity, it is acknowledged by many researchers that these impacts can be difficult to assess and evaluate. However, it is apparent that costs tend to be particularly high in societies with high levels of car-dependency. In addition, certain social and socio-economic groups can be disproportionately burdened by car-dominated infrastructure and policies, for example: the unemployed; lone-parents; the mobility impaired; and children. This paper presents some of the literature on transportation related equity. The literature review reveals a number of methodologies that have been employed by a variety of researchers from different backgrounds to review the equity of transport. However, the scope of these approaches has generally been limited to impact assessment using a single or small number of variables, or to the evaluation of an individual infrastructure project. In addition, the social impacts of transport have received limited research attention. As a result, the true nature and extent of transportation inequity at the urban or macro scale has not been assessed. This paper explores a broader methodology that brings together many of the relevant variables, but in a new spatially and socially focussed way. Impacts and indicators proposed include transport noise; pedestrian severance; accessibility for non-drivers; and socio-economic metrics.
Satellite measurements of formaldehyde linked to shipping emissions

Abstract. International shipping is recognized as a pollution source of growing importance, in particular in the remote marine boundary layer. Nitrogen dioxide originating from ship emissions has previously been detected in satellite measurements. This study presents the first satellite measurements of formaldehyde (HCHO) linked to shipping emissions as derived from observations made by the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) instrument. We analyzed enhanced HCHO tropospheric columns from shipping emissions over the Indian Ocean between Sri Lanka and Sumatra. This region offers good conditions in term of plume detection with the GOME instrument as all ship tracks follow a single narrow track in the same east-west direction as used for the GOME pixel scanning. The HCHO signal alone is weak but could be clearly seen in the high-pass filtered data. The line of enhanced HCHO in the Indian Ocean as seen in the 7-year composite of cloud free GOME observations clearly coincides with the distinct ship track corridor from Sri Lanka to Indonesia. The observed mean HCHO column enhancement over this shipping route is about 2.0×1015 molec/cm2. Compared to the simultaneously observed NO2 values over the shipping route, those of HCHO are substantially higher; also the HCHO peaks are found at larger distance from the ship routes. These findings indicate that direct emissions of HCHO or degradation of emitted NMHC cannot explain the observed enhanced HCHO values. One possible reason might be increased CH4 degradation due to enhanced OH concentrations related to the ship emissions, but this source is probably too weak to fully explain the observed values. The observed HCHO pattern also agrees qualitatively well with results from the coupled earth system model ECHAM5/MESSy applied to atmospheric chemistry (EMAC). However, the modelled HCHO values over the ship corridor are two times lower than in the GOME high-pass filtered data. This might indicate uncertainties in the satellite data and used emission inventories and/or that the in-plume chemistry taking place in the narrow path of the shipping lanes are not well represented at the rather coarse model resolution.
Migration of the Azores superplume: Geophysical and petrologic evidence

A detailed study of the best understood portion of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) between 0 and 80 N latitude, which involved a comparison of petrologic and geochemical parameters of magmatism against satellite altimetry, seismology, deep tomog- raphy, and geoid surface data, reveals a persistent correlation of these parameters along the MAR's zero-age axial zone. In this zone, coexistence of plume- and spreading-related basaltic associations (PB and SB, respectively), originating in two fundamentally con- trasting geodynamic settings, has been shown to occur. The way these associations are distributed within the ridge is in accordance with its tectono-magmatic segmentation and corresponds to the correlation of petrologic and geophysical parameters. Results thus obtained provided an incentive to reconstruct the tectono-magmatic conditions of genesis of the Atlantic lithosphere through time using along-isochron gravity variations overlain on magnetic lineations. It was at this angle that we approached the portion of the Atlantic between 15 N and 40 N latitude. Here, the PB/SB boundary runs near 30 N along the MAR, which corresponds to the south terminus of the Azores megaplume. Along the M5, M13, M21, and M30 (west and east) magnetic lineation pairs after (Sandwell and Smith, 1997), isochron profiles of free-air gravity anomalies were constructed with a 2 0 resolution. A detailed correlation of isochron profile pairs with the along-ridge axis profile bears the following implications: (1) The lithospheric tract between the Kane and Atlantis fracture zones has been generated over the past 65 m.y. in a steady spreading environment virtually outside the reach of any tectonic or magmatic overprint. (2) Regions corresponding to PB and SB provinces within the study area have existed since at least 67 Ma. (3) Symmetry perturbations in the gravity field on both sides of the ridge axis induced by subsequent magmatic or tectonic events cannot be timed using paleomagnetic data. (4) As suming that the correlation of petrologic and geophysical parameters, which has been ascertained for zero-age events along the MAR axis, has been maintained since 67 Ma, it can be inferred that over this time interval the geodynamic setting responsible for the formative conditions of the Azores megaplume migrated southward from 41 N to 30 N latitude at a rate of ca. 18 mm/yr.
The role of hematological and biochemical markers in preeclampsia prediction

1 Aktun Lebriz Hale1, Karaca Nilay2, Akpak Yasam Kemal3, Arslan Erol4 1Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kemerburgaz University, Gaziosmanpasa Medicalpark Hospital, İstanbul, 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Science, Diskapı Education and Trainin Hospital, Ankara, 4Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey Prediction of preeclampsia with analysis of blood tests The role of hematological and biochemical markers in preeclampsia prediction
Nutrient content of macroalgae with differing morphologies may indicate sources of nutrients for tropical marine systems

To investigate whether tissue N and P content of morphologically distinct macroalgae reflect different processes controlling nutrient availability, we measured water column nutrients and collected 5 species of algae for tissue N and P analysis from 18 stations along the southwestern coast of Puerto Rico. Nutrient content of sediments was also determined for a subset of stations. South- western Puerto Rico was chosen because the literature suggests that gradients in sediment type and organic matter content, advection, and terrestrial influence occur in this region. Stations were either inshore or offshore areas with 3 stations per area chosen a priori as High Nutrient Stations (HNS). Water column and sediment nutrient concentrations were elevated inshore and in HNS. Species were of 3 morphological forms: upright thalli with open branches, densely packed mats, and rhizophytic thalli. In the first category, Acanthophora spicifera had higher N content inshore compared to off- shore while both A. spicifera and Hypnea musciformis had higher tissue N and P contents in HNS. In contrast, mat-forming algae (Dictyota dichotoma and D. cervicornis) had higher tissue N and P con- tents offshore compared to inshore. Although these species had high nutrients in many of the HNS, samples from some offshore reefs were equally high. Halimeda incrassata, a rhizophytic form, had greater tissue N content inshore than offshore. H. incrassata tissue nutrients were also elevated in some HNS, but not others. There were significant correlations between water column and sediment nutrients and the tissue N and P content of A. spicifera and H. incrassata, but not for either Dictyota. These results suggest algae with upright thalli and open-branching patterns may have a more direct relationship between tissue nutrient content and water column nutrient concentration than other forms. In contrast, mat-forming species may deplete nutrients within the mat, relying on strong cur- rents found offshore to penetrate dense mats and replenish nutrients. Rhizophytic algae have access to both water column and sediment nutrients, and higher inshore tissue contents and at some HNS may reflect enhanced nutrient supplies from these sources. Our findings suggest that if other envi- ronmental factors are carefully taken into consideration, the tissue N and P content of macroalgae may prove to be an effective indicator of different nutrient sources in tropical systems.
An evaluation of the integrated poverty alleviation and housing scheme in Botswana, case of Ramotswa village

This article evaluates the effectiveness of the Integrated Poverty Alleviation and Housing Scheme (IPAHS) in Ramotswa; an urban village located 32 km south-east of the capital city of Botswana, Gaborone. This study emanates from the fact that low income urban and rural residents with no formal employment were left out of the Self Help Housing Scheme (SHHA). The SHHA was mandated to facilitate the acquisition of subsidised land and loan to purchase building materials. One of the major conditions to qualify for SHHA is that applicants should have formal employment. ; the IPAHS was specifically introduced to facilitate economic empowerment to poor households who do not qualify under the SHHA scheme. The IPAHS scheme is a twothronged approach mandated to equip the residents with skills to build/improve houses for themselves and create employment for themselves through molding of bricks for sale in an effort to alleviate poverty. This paper is based on documentary and field research. The field research has a participatory component involving discussion and open ended interviews with relevant government departments. It also involves the administration of structured questionnaire survey to 30 beneficiaries of the scheme. Results show that despite high uptake of the scheme within the country, there are several challenges such as insufficient income to build or improve their houses, signs of poverty in living environments of beneficiaries, uncoordinated roles of various institutions which are major stakeholders in the implementation of the scheme. The scheme requires pragmatic policies geared to meet the needs and aspirations of the poor. There is a need for policy interventions through Government commitment to principles such as the right to housing by every citizen, coordination of roles played by different stakeholders to support the sustainability of the scheme.
A Convenient Synthesis of Some New Bioactive Diheterocylic Thioether and Thiazolopyrimidine Derivatives

2-Carbethoxymethylthiopyrimidinone derivative 1b was utilized for the synthesis of some new diheterocyclic thioethers via its reaction with some acetals followed by cyclization of the products with 2-aminoheterocyclic compounds or through the reaction of 1b with p-tolyldiazonium chloride followed by the reaction of the product with active methylene compounds. Also, some new thiazolopyrimidines were synthesized from 2-mercaptopyrimidine 1a or from 5-pyrimidinylmercaptoacetic acid derivative 1c. The molluscicidal activity of some synthesized compounds towards Biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, was investigated.
Medicanes in an ocean–atmosphere coupled regional climate model

Abstract. So-called medicanes (Mediterranean hurricanes) are meso-scale, marine, and warm-core Mediterranean cyclones that exhibit some similarities to tropical cyclones. The strong cyclonic winds associated with medicanes threaten the highly populated coastal areas around the Mediterranean basin. To reduce the risk of casualties and overall negative impacts, it is important to improve the understanding of medicanes with the use of numerical models. In this study, we employ an atmospheric limited-area model (COSMO-CLM) coupled with a one-dimensional ocean model (1-D NEMO-MED12) to simulate medicanes. The aim of this study is to assess the robustness of the coupled model in simulating these extreme events. For this purpose, 11 historical medicane events are simulated using the atmosphere-only model, COSMO-CLM, and coupled model, with different setups (horizontal atmospheric grid spacings of 0.44, 0.22, and 0.08°; with/without spectral nudging, and an ocean grid spacing of 1/12°). The results show that at high resolution, the coupled model is able to not only simulate most of medicane events but also improve the track length, core temperature, and wind speed of simulated medicanes compared to the atmosphere-only simulations. The results suggest that the coupled model is more proficient for systemic and detailed studies of historical medicane events, and that this model can be an effective tool for future projections.