Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Germany’s Strategy in Handling COVID-19: The Role of National Leadership Strength and The Maximization of Welfare State Continental System Support

Pandemi Covid-19 merupakan krisis kesehatan terbesar pada abad ke-21. Diawali dengan kemunculan virus ﬂu jenis baru di Wuhan-China pada Desember 2019, virus ini menyebar ke seluruh dunia dengan sangat cepat sehingga mengakibatkan kematian yang tinggi di seluruh dunia. Jerman merupakan salah satu negara yang terdampak pada periode awal virus muncul di Eropa. Setelah menyadari efeknya fatal, Pemerintah Jerman melakukan kebijakan nasional integratif mengatasinya, hingga Jerman perlahan keluar dari krisis. Fenomena ini disebut dengan “German exception”, karena banyak negara masih berjuang mengatasi pandemi. Paper ini meneliti strategi kebijakan nasional Pemerintah Jerman mengatasi Covid-19. Kerangka pemikiran yang dipakai adalah teori kepemimpinan nasional di masa krisis dan peranan sistem welfare state nasional. Argumen yang menentukan keberhasilan Jerman mengatasi Covid-19 adalah peran kepemimpinan nasional Kanselir Merkel yang visioner dan konsisten di masa krisis, serta dukungan sistem welfare state Continental yang dianut negara sehingga menguatkan masyarakat dan kestabilan politik nasional di masa pandemi.Kata-kata kunci: Jerman, Covid-19, kepemimpinan nasional, Kanselir Merkel, sistem welfare state Continental.The Covid-19 pandemic is the biggest health crisis of the 21st century. Starting with the emergence of a new type of ﬂu virus in Wuhan-China in December 2019, this virus has spread throughout the world very quickly and resulting in high deaths worldwide. Germanywas one of the countries aﬀected in the early period when the virus emerged in Europe. After realizing its fatal eﬀects, the German Government carried out an integrative policy to overcome it until the German national came out of the crisis. This phenomenon is calledthe “Germany exception”, as many countries are still struggling with the pandemic. This paper examines the German Government’s national policy strategy to tackle Covid-19. The framework used is the theory of national leadership in times of crisis and the role of thenational welfare system. The arguments that support Germany in overcoming Covid-19 are the role of Chancellor Merkel’s national leadership, who is visionary and consistent in times of crisis and support for the welfare system of the Continental state is a state thatstrengthens society and national political stability during the pandemic.Keywords: Germany, Covid-19, national leadership, Chancellor Merkel, the continental welfare state system.
Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies Potential Key Genes of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive fibrotic interstitial pneumonia with progressive worsening of dyspnea and lung function. The etiology of IPF is unknown, and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the key genes of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell in IPF by bioinformatics analysis. Our study used the online Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray expression profiling dataset GSE28042 to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPF patients and healthy controls. We performed the Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses of genes for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery. The STRING database constructed Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and hub genes were identified by the CytoHubba plugin. Moreover, we used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the diagnostic value of the hub genes. In total, 28 upregulated and 44 downregulated genes were identified in the differential expression analysis. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was established with 69 nodes and 68 edges. The top 10 hub genes were JUN, FOS, STAT3, SOCS3, JUNB, DUSP1, IL4, FCER1A, MS4A2, and CPA3. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enriched for the important module containing hub genes contained Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Additionally, the identified hub genes show high functional similarity and diagnostic value in IPF. Our study used bioinformatics analysis to provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying IPF. However, more experiments are needed to explore the relationships between the top 10 hub genes and IPF in the future.
Trait Associations in Prostrate and Semi-Leaf Less Type Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Gene Pools

The field experiment was conducted in 2019 main cropping season at two locations using simple lattice design to evaluate 49 field pea genotypes including nine released varieties for generating information on genotypic and phenotypic association among yield contributing traits and with grain yield, and to study their path analysis on grain yield. Positive and significant genotypic correlation observed between grain yield with plant height (rg=0.67), seeds per pod (rg=0.45), days to maturity (rg=0.41) and pods per plant (rg=0.33) for combined analysis. The association among most of traits demonstrated higher genotypic correlations than corresponding phenotypic correlations that; indicated the prevalence of genetic variation in expression of the traits. Genotypic path analysis also indicated that plant height (0.746) exerted the maximum positive direct effect on grain yield followed by stand count at harvest (0.443), 1000 seed weight (0.372), seeds per pod (0.214), pods per plant (0.213), and days to maturity (0.013). Therefore; selection for traits such as plant height, pods per plant, seeds per pod and days to maturity could improve grain yield in field pea.
Bibliometric Study of Library and Information Science Journal Articles during 2014 2018

Library and information science education (LIS) has been spreading out all over India. Every state, one or more institutes/universities, offers LIS education. The research papers contributed by both academics and working professionally in the libraries. This paper examines the current trends of LIS publications in India from 2014 to 2018. The study reviewed 1357 documents from 2014 to 2018 indexed in the Scopus database. The study found that majority of the 342 (25.2%) papers published in the year 2018. Favorite source for publications was DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology. Similarly, LIS Indians professional more likely to published research papers collaboratively. Further noted that most frequently used keywords were scientometric, bibliometrics, India and authorship patterns, etc. The degree of collaboration (DC) for five years was 0.79. The analysis of co-citations of reference sources or cited sources indicated that “Scientometric,” and “Annals of library and information studies” mentioned in their articles. Kewwords: Bibliometric; Citation analysis; Library and information science; LIS research trends; India.
Proton and copper binding by humic acid: application of a discrete‐site/electrostatic ion‐binding model

Summary A discrete-site/electrostatic model of ion binding by humic substances has been applied to proton-and copper-binding data for a soil humic acid. The proton data cover the pH range 3–9 and the ionic strength range 0.001 m-0.1 m, while those for copper refer to the pH range 4–5, ionic strengths between 0.005 m and 0.1 m, and p[Cu] values between 3 and 8. The model is able to explain the major observed trends, including the dependence of proton and copper binding on ionic strength and the binding of copper as a function of pH. However, the calculated ionic strength dependence of copper binding is slightly less than that observed. In addition, the model has been used to predict ratios of protons released to copper bound under different conditions, on the basis of the separately estimated parameters for proton and copper binding. The model correctly predicts the ratios to be between 1 and 2, and to decrease with increasing bound copper and with pH.
Rasio Interval Training Dalam Latihan Shadow Bulutangkis Terhadap Power dan Kecepatan

Speed ​​and power are the most important physical components in badminton with the current rally point system. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of badminton shadow training on power and speed. This research used experimental research with randomized group pre-test and post-test design. The subjects of this study were male students IKOR unesa 2018 class which were randomly divided into experimental group 1 (K1) and experimental group 2 (K2) consisting of 10 people per group. K1 group was given badminton shadow training with 1: 1 interval training method and K2 group with 1: ½ interval training method with 15 seconds training time. The power test is performed using jump MD and the speed test is carried out with a 30 Meter sprint test. Paired t test results were significant (p <0.05) on power (p = 0.035) and speed (p = 0.006) at K1, whereas at K2 were also significant at power (p = 0,000) and speed (p = 0.014). Independent sample t test results were not significant at the power (p = 0.190), while the speed was also not significant (p = 0.165). In conclusion, badminton shadow training can increase power and speed with both 1:1 or 1: ½ interval training ratios. Shadow badminton training with 1: ½ interval training is more to increase power and speed because on average the results are better than shadow badminton training with 1:1 interval training.
Superficial Grafting of Water-Soluble Polymers on Brominated MWCNT by ATRP Technique

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been brominated by photochemical bromine addition. XPS analysis has been used to determine the amount of bromine reacted. By measuring the concentrations of the co-initiator and the monomer, multiwall carbon nanotubes functionalized with hydrosoluble polymers—polyhydroxyethylacrylate (PHEA) and polyacrylamide (PAAM)—have been obtained and characterized using the Raman, SEM, and XPS depth profile techniques. The 3-D structure of the composite films obtained from the functionalized CNTs has been studied as well.
Nanostructured Polyurethane/POSS Hybrid Aqueous Dispersions Prepared by Homogeneous Solution Polymerization

Aqueous polyurethane dispersions were prepared with 4−10 wt % of functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) via homogeneous solution polymerization in acetone followed by solvent exchange with water. The use of acetone as the initial polymerization solvent allowed for the facile incorporation of both diamino and dihydroxy functional POSS monomers in a homogeneous reaction environment. After addition of water and removal of the acetone, stable dispersions with unimodal particle sizes were obtained. The incorporation of the POSS monomers did not have a significant effect on the dispersion's properties; however, the physical properties of the isolated polymers did display significant changes, with notable increases in storage modulus, Tg, complex viscosity, and surface hydrophobicity. These changes were attributed to the incorporation of the POSS residues into the polyurethane hard segment domains found. Though no sign of any gross phase heterogeneity due to the inclusion of POSS moieties wa.
Hydrogen reduction of preoxidised ilmenite in fluidised bed and packed bed reactors

The kinetics of fluidised bed hydrogen reduction of preoxidised ilmenite concentrates was studied as a function of the different operating parameters of gas velocity, pressure and temperature. The reduction kinetics is controlled by gas starvation at typical fluidised bed flowrates and pressures. Gas starvation was found to dominate at H2 flowrate to ilmenite ratios less than 2 L min−1 g−1. At higher ratios, a form of attenuated gas starvation exists due to the small equilibrium constant for ilmenite reduction. This leads to large variations in the kinetic driving force for small variations in water vapour in the bed. Within the gas starvation region, there is an apparent linear dependence of reduction rate on pressure when a constant fluidising velocity is used. However if the supply of hydrogen to the reactor is kept constant, then the reduction rate is independent of gas pressure above 1 bar. At hydrogen supplies above 2 L min−1 g−1 the reduction rate increases with pressure but the relationship is not linear. An important contributing factor to reduction mechanisms is the very fine intrapore diameters (median pore diameter <0·15 μm) in reduced ilmenite grains, which lead to Knudsen gas diffusion in the pores and a build up of water vapour pressure within the grains.
Evaluation of Nutritional and Mineral Content of Dehydrated Ginger (Zingiber officinale)

This study was executed to produce dehydrated ginger powder using four different drying methods viz. sun, oven, mechanical and microwave along with their nutritional, mineral content and sensory quality evaluation. Microwave dried powder contained highest moisture content (7.10±0.04%) and was significantly different to other drying methods. Protein, fat, ash and crude fiber contents ranged from (6.10 ± 0.05 to 6.78 ± 0.07%), (1.01 ± 0.16 to 1.42 ± 0.25%), (3.21 ± 0.12 to 4.07 ± 0.10%) and (3.76 ± 0.13 to 4.88 ± 0.12%) respectively. K and Ca contents ranged from (20.45 ± 0.06 to 26.35 ± 0.07 mg/100 g) and (108.64 ± 0.09 to 188.62 ± 0.07 mg/100 g), respectively. Though some values were significantly different (P<0.05) under different drying conditions, the analyzed results showed that the produced ginger powder retained a good nutritional profile, minerals and sensory quality. Original Research Article Akter et al.; EJMP, 31(17): 21-28, 2020; Article no.EJMP. 63379 22
Wavefront Guided LASIK with a High-Resolution Aberrometer Induces Less Higher-Order Aberration than Early Custom LASIK

Background: The use of 'high-resolution' aberrometer wavefront-guided LASIK system offers the theretical advantages. To date there have been a few papers that proved the clinical superiority of the 'high-resolution' wavefront-guided LASIK. The purpose of this present study was to To evaluate the surgical outcomes of wavefront-guided laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) via a high-resolution aberrometer to treat myopic refractive error. Methods: This study involved 51 eyes of 26 consecutive patients (high-resolution group) who underwent wavefront-guided LASIK from 2012 to 2015 via high-resolution aberrometer and excimer laser surgical unit at the Baptist Eye Institute, Kyoto, Japan and who were followed for 6-months postoperative. Postoperative outcomes were compared with our historical control data (early custom group) from 2002 to 2007 (51 eyes of 26 patients) treated with the same correction amount. Measured parameters included Visual acuity (VA), spherical equivalent refractive error (SER), higher-order aberration (HOA), and contrast sensitivity (CS). Results: In the high-resolution group and the early custom group, the mean SER was -5.86±2.57 diopters (D) and -5.99±2.52D, respectively, and the mean patient age was 33.8±9.2 and 34.3±6.9 years, respectively. LogCS of 18 cycles-per-degree (cpd) change was more satisfactory in the high-resolution group than in the early custom group. Postoperative spherical aberration change in the high-resolution group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Decrease of induced spherical aberration produced a positive effect on the post LogCS of 18 cpd.Discussion: The latest wavefront-guided LASIK induced less HOAs than early custom LASIK, and although similar VA and refractive precision findings were observed, the high-resolution group tended to acquire better visual function post surgery.
Capillary phenomena - III. Properties of rotationally symmetric fluid bodies with one asymptote - holms

Rotationally symmetric fluid bodies having an asymptote (X → ∞) with the horizontal plane and meeting a solid at Z = ZƟ and whose meridian is Z = Z(X), are called holms. Holms meeting a vertically-positioned solid cylindrical rod at its lower edge where X = XƟ , or a solid sphere of radius R where the angle of contact is θ, lead to capillary phenomena which are described following the approach of parts I and II (Boucher & Evans 1975; Boucher, Evans & Kent 1976). Detachment of a rod will occur at a maximum in the force applied to it (i.e. the excess force due to the presence of the holm), or at a maximum in ZƟ, depending on the mechanical system. For the former, the mechanical device needs to be undamped, whereas for the latter, a rigid arrangement is required. The characteristic quantities for these two cases, which are analogous to the volume maxima and pressure maxima of pendent drops (parts I and II), are tabulated. The behaviour expected of a sphere which is floating, or of one which is subjected to a vertically applied force, is also considered. Spontaneous changes which can occur when an equilibrium meridian gives an unstable configuration, as with a hole formed in a sheet of liquid on a solid surface, are discussed where contact-angle hysteresis exists. The account given in part I on detachment methods of interfacial tension determination is extended. The appendix shows the range of accuracy of Bessel function approximations to the meridia of holms, pendent and sessile drops, and emergent and captive bubbles.
Metal-Free Strategies for the Synthesis of Functional and Well-Defined Polyphosphoesters

We report here metal-free strategies using organocatalysis based on supramolecular recognition for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of several cyclic phosphate monomers (CPMs) by a variety of organocatalysts such as 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4. 0]undec-7-ene (DBU), 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4. 0]undec-5-ene (TBD), and a bicomponent thiourea–tertiary amine catalyst. Each of these catalysts is efficient to produce linear polyphosphoesters (PPEs) from CPMs but with different sensitivity toward transesterification side reactions. The strong basicity of DBU is sufficient to activate an alcohol initiating the polymerization in the absence of any other cocatalyst. Nevertheless, side chain transfer reactions leading to branched and/or cyclic polymeric structures are observed, especially for high monomer conversion. Unlike DBU, TBD is a dual catalyst activating both the alcohol and the monomer. This dual activation allows shorter polymerization time, but SEC analyses of polyphosphates reveal bimodal molecular weight distr.
Mechanical Properties of New Composite Wood-Plastic Formworks with Aluminum Alloy Frame

Formwork engineering plays a crucial role in cost, efficiency, quality, and schedule in civil engineering. Currently, wood-plastic formwork, which has favorable mechanical properties such as wood and excellent stability, formability, ease of demolding, and time-saving as plastic, is earning its increasing reputation in construction. -is work focuses on mechanical properties of two types of new composite wood-plastic formworks with aluminum alloy frame used for construction, that is, single-span simply supported and three-span continuous formworks. Experimental investigation shows that the two types of wood-plastic formworks demonstrate favorable performance, and the deflections and stresses are within the allowable range, thereby satisfying the structural bearing requirements. Numerical analyses confirm that the results of the refined and general finite element models are consistent with the experimental results, but the former has a higher accuracy. When the requirement of accuracy is not too strict, the general model is preferred, given the modeling convenience and high efficiency. On the basis of experimental and numerical investigations, practical simplified formulas are proposed to facilitate rapid calculation and evaluation considering transverse deflection and inconsistency of two materials. -erefore, the results in this work can provide a theoretical basis for developing and applying the new formworks.
Micro‐ and Nano‐ Magnetic Particles for Applications in Biosensing

This article reviews the development of electrochemical biosensors, incorporating magnetic particles, for detecting biomolecules (nucleic acids and proteins) and cells. Magnetic particles (MPs) of micro- and nanoscale, mimicking the size of molecules in nature, possess interesting characteristics that facilitate the purification and detection of biomolecules in a wide range of samples. In particular, the high surface area and the paramagnetic or superparamagnetic properties of these tiny particles provide an attractive technology platform for the design of electrochemical biosensors. Examples of electrochemistry-based approaches to achieve the separation and detection of bioentities utilizing MPs are described. Emphasis is placed on the strategies to incorporate the electrochemical labels to the MPs and the methods to achieve the dual function of electrochemical detection and magnetic separation. The protocols to make MPs as labels in biological sensors are also discussed.
Visual Depression Diagnosis From Face Based on Various Classification Algorithms

Most psychologists believe that facial behavior through depression differs from facial behavior in the absence of depression, so facial behavior can be utilized as a dependable indicator for spotting depression. Visual depression diagnosis system (VDD) establishes dependents on expressions of the face that are expense-effective and movable. At this work, the VDD system is designed according to the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to extract features of the face. The key concept of the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to explain the whole face behavior utilizing Action Units (AUs), every AU is linked to the motion of unique or maybe further face muscles. Six AUs have utilized as depression features; those action units are AUs 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, and 12. The datasets that employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed system are gathered for 125 participants (30 males, 95 females); many of them are among 17-60 years of age. At the final step of the current system, four kinds of classification techniques were applied separately; those classifiers algorithms are KNN, SVM, PCA, and LDA. The outcomes of the simulation indicate that the best outcomes are achieved utilizing the KNN and LDA classifiers, where the success rate is 85%. New classification methods in the VDD system are the key contributions of this research, gather real databases that can utilize to compute the performance of every other VDD system based on face emotions, and choose appropriate features of the face.
A Model for Assessing the Quantitative Effects of Heterogeneous Affinity in Malaria Transmission along with Ivermectin Mass Administration

Using an agent-based model of malaria, we present numerical evidence that in communities of individuals having an affinity varying within a broad range of values, disease transmission may increase up to 300%. Moreover, our findings provide new insight into how to combine different strategies for the prevention of malaria transmission. In particular, we uncover a relationship between the level of heterogeneity and the level of conventional and unconventional anti-malarial drug administration (ivermectin and gametocidal agents), which, when taken together, will define a control parameter, tuning between disease persistence and elimination. Finally, we also provide evidence that the entomological inoculation rate, as well as the product between parasite and sporozoite rates are both good indicators of malaria incidence in the presence of heterogeneity in disease transmission and may configure a possible improvement in that setting, upon classical standard measures such as the basic reproductive number.