Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shock‐induced formation of wüstite and fayalite in a magnetite‐quartz target rock

Projectile–target interactions as a result of a large bolide impact are important issues, as abundant extraterrestrial material has been delivered to the Earth throughout its history. Here, we report results of shock‐recovery experiments with a magnetite‐quartz target rock positioned in an ARMCO iron container. Petrography, synchrotron‐assisted X‐ray powder diffraction, and micro‐chemical analysis confirm the appearance of wüstite, fayalite, and iron in targets subjected to 30 GPa. The newly formed mineral phases occur along shock veins and melt pockets within the magnetite‐quartz aggregates, as well as along intergranular fractures. We suggest that iron melt formed locally at the contact between ARMCO container and target, and intruded the sample causing melt corrosion at the rims of intensely fractured magnetite and quartz. The strongly reducing iron melt, in the form of μm‐sized droplets, caused mainly a diffusion rim of wüstite with minor melt corrosion around magnetite. In contact with quartz, iron reacted to form an iron‐enriched silicate melt, from which fayalite crystallized rapidly as dendritic grains. The temperatures required for these transformations are estimated between 1200 and 1600 °C, indicating extreme local temperature spikes during the 30 GPa shock pressure experiments.
A Case of Presenting Cerebral Hemorrhage as Cerebral Venous and Sinus Thrombosis

A 38-year-old man who had a history of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) was admitted with headache and vomiting. Based on the initial cranial computed tomography (CT), he was diagnosed of normal intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) at first. His condition got worse although treatment involving dehydration was started immediately. On the fifth day, cranial magnetic resonance venography (MRV) demonstrated cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) with concomitant ICH, the therapy including anticoagulation and thrombosis had started. The patient completely recovered clinically. Concluded from our case, atypical cerebral hemorrhage should be treated carefully. MR and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) are the preferred images to evaluate the underlying vascular and other intracranial disease when the suspicion is found clinically or by radiological imaging.
An Auto-Adjustable and Time-Consistent Model for Determining Coagulant Dosage Based on Operators’ Experience

This article examines how to automate the determination of the coagulant dosage for water treatment plants. Whilst most of the processes for water treatment are automated, determining the coagulant dosage, required for reducing turbidity, depends on well-trained and experienced operators. Based on a time-series data set provided by the Shanghai municipal investment water production company, this article comprehensively surveys existing coagulant prediction methods and utilizes an auto-adjustable and time-consistent model to incorporate the operators’ experience. Compared to existing methods, the algorithm introduced in this article produced a better accuracy for predicting the coagulant dosage. Moreover, this article demonstrates that taking seasonal effects into account can approximate operator behavior more accurately. To examine the robustness of the identified models, this article examines the model performance based on water drawn from different locations/sources.
To move home or move on? Investigating the impact of recovery aid on migration status as a potential tool for disaster risk reduction in the aftermath of volcanic eruptions in Merapi, Indonesia

Disasters are associated strongly with forced migration. Indeed, migration is a standard survival strategy for those facing disruptions of this kind. Such is the case with Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, where a series of eruptions occurred in 2010. Mechanisms related to forced migration in such scenarios are fairly well understood, yet it remains less clear what factors may influence return migration. Given local interest in facilitating resettlement out of hazardous areas as a means of risk reduction, we seek to better understand the extent to which recovery aid may create incentives for households to move on rather than move home. We draw upon data collected from a pilot study in the aftermath of the 2010 eruptions and use multinomial logistic regression models to explore the influence of various forms of aid on migration status. Of the various forms of aid considered, financial recovery aid provided to households was consistently associated with moving on. The combination of financial recovery aid with remittances resulted in an association with having moved on that was even stronger than just receiving financial recovery aid. Ultimately, analyses of "aid packages'" suggest that a combination of most, if not all, of the aid was relatively more effective in fostering resettlement, suggesting that while food and health recovery aid as well as remittances may not have been sufficient in and of themselves to increase resettlement, they may enhance the effect of financial recovery aid.
A Survey of Security Vulnerability Analysis, Discovery, Detection, and Mitigation on IoT Devices

With the prosperity of the Internet of Things (IoT) industry environment, the variety and quantity of IoT devices have grown rapidly. IoT devices have been widely used in smart homes, smart wear, smart manufacturing, smart cars, smart medical care, and many other life-related fields. With it, security vulnerabilities of IoT devices are emerging endlessly. The proliferation of security vulnerabilities will bring severe risks to users’ privacy and property. This paper first describes the research background, including IoT architecture, device components, and attack surfaces. We review state-of-the-art research on IoT device vulnerability discovery, detection, mitigation, and other related works. Then, we point out the current challenges and opportunities by evaluation. Finally, we forecast and discuss the research directions on vulnerability analysis techniques of IoT devices.
BMP-2-Augmented Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain Secondary to the Homogeneous Diagnosis of Discogenic Pain Syndrome

DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31829fc56f Study Design. A retrospective observational study. Objective. To assess clinical outcomes; perioperative complications; revision surgery rates; and BMP-2-related osteolysis, heterotopic bone, and unexplained postoperative radiculitis (BMPP) in a group of patients treated with BMP-2-augmented transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (bTLIF) for the homogeneous diagnosis of discogenic pain syndrome (DPS) and to put forth the algorithm used to make the diagnosis. Summary of Background Data. There is a paucity of literature describing outcomes of TLIF for the homogeneous diagnosis of DPS, an old but controversial member of the lumbar degenerative disease family. Methods. The registry from a single surgeon was queried for patients who had undergone bTLIF for the homogeneous diagnosis of DPS, which was made via specifi c diagnostic algorithm. Clinical outcomes were determined by analyzing point improvement from typical outcome questionnaires and the data from Patient Satisfaction and Return to Work questionnaires. Independent record review was employed to assess all outcomes. Results. Eighty percent of the cohort (36/45) completed preoperative and postoperative outcome questionnaires at an average follow-up of 41.9 ± 11.9 months, which demonstrated signifi cant clinical improvement: Oswestry Disability Index = 16.4 ( P < 0.0001), Short Form-12 Health Survey PCS = 10.0 ( P < 0.0001), [AQ4]
Effects on Performance, Organic Digestibility and Some Blood Parameters of Use of Wafer in Local Calves Rations as Alternative Feed

: Sub-sector of livestock has an important role in the life and development of human resources in Indonesia. An important issue on agribusiness beef cattle is a continuous population decline every year. The application of technology has to be initiated in order to obtain production efficiency and production cost efficiency. One of the factors that affect the productivity of livestock is feed. The major constraints of ruminant feed are low quality of forage, the low level of palatability and digestibility. To solve this problem is making forage waste into wafer feed supplement. The aim of this experiment was to determine the nutrient content on wafer feed supplement and productivity of local calf that were given by wafer feed supplement. This research was conducted at Laboratory of Feed Industry, Bogor Agricultural University and the performance test at Karya Anugrah Rumpin Corporation on March-April 2016. To determine the nutrient content of wafer feed supplements used proximate analysis. The experiment of productivity used 12 heads of male local calves (Sumba Ongol calves) with average body weight around 136±22.46 kg with ages around 12-18 months. The experimental local calves were maintained individually. The experimental design used randomized block design with four treatments and three replications. The treatments were feeding patterns of wafer feed supplement i.e., T1 = 0% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate+king grass, T2 = 10% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate+king grass, T3 = King grass+10% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate, T4 = Concentrate+king grass+10% by feeding wafer supplement. The parameters measured were productivity of local calves, i.e., daily weight gain, final body weight, consumption, dry matter and organic matter digestibility, blood cholestrol, blood glucose, blood protein. It was concluded that feeding pattern wafer feed supplement can increase consumption and not influence condition of local calves. It was concluded that daily weight gain by feeding wafer supplement feed 42-45% higer than conventional feed. High crude protein of wafer feed supplement is good supplement for ruminant in the tropic.
Approaches to Improving School Attendance: Insights From Australian Principals

ABSTRACT School absenteeism has been concerning educators in the Global North (including Australia) as research suggests a relationship between school attendance, academic achievement and subsequent life chances. This paper focuses on the perspectives of 50 school leaders in Queensland, Australia about approaches to improving attendance. Strategies reflected the cultural, economic and social diversity of their school communities. In general, quality curricula and pedagogies were considered important, but were not explicitly linked to attendance. This suggests the need for schools to develop strategies to enhance student engagement in meaningful learning through quality curricula and pedagogies within a positive school environment.
Drosophila larval epidermal cells only exhibit epidermal aging when they persist to the adult stage

Holometabolous insects undergo a complete transformation of the body plan from the larval to the adult stage. In Drosophila, this transformation includes replacement of larval epidermal cells (LECs) by adult epidermal cells (AECs). AECs in Drosophila undergo a rapid and stereotyped aging program where they lose both cell membranes and nuclei. Whether LEC’s are capable of undergoing aging in a manner similar to AECs remains unknown. Here, we address this question in two ways. First, we looked for hallmarks of epidermal aging in larvae that have a greatly extended third instar and/or carry mutations that would cause premature epidermal aging at the adult stage. Such larvae, irrespective of genotype, did not show any of the signs of epidermal aging observed in the adult. Second, we developed a procedure to effect a heterochronic persistence of LECs into the adult epidermal sheet. LECs embedded within the adult epidermal sheet undergo clear signs of epidermal aging; they form multinucleate cells with each other and with the surrounding AECs on the same schedule as the AECs themselves. Our data reveals that epidermal aging in holometabolous Drosophila is a stage-specific phenomenon and that the capacity of LECs to respond to aging signals does exist. Summary Statement We show that Drosophila larval epidermal cells do not age at the larval stage. They do, however, exhibit signs of aging if they persist into the adult.
Voltage Profile Enhancement in Radial Distribution System Through Network Reconfiguration

Abnormal Voltages in electrical distribution system is a threat to power system security and may cause equipment damages. Proper distribution of loads will aid in the improvement of voltage profile of the system. This paper presents a novel meta heuristic method based on binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) to find the best radial distribution network configuration with minimum node voltage deviation. The effect of inertia weight, position and population of swarm is deeply investigated. The proposed method has been verified on standard IEEE bus systems and node voltage deviation is minimized effectively. BPSO is implemented in MATLAB software and radial power flow algorithm is used for power flow analysis.
Commenting on Political Topics Through Twitter: Is European Politics European?

The aim of this study was to explore social media, and specifically Twitter’s potential to generate a European demos. Our use of data derived from social media complements the traditional use of mass media and survey data within existing studies. We selected two Twitter hashtags of European relevance, #schengen and #ttip, to test several theories on a European demos (non-demos, European democracy, or pan-European demos) and to determine which of these theories was most applicable in the case of Twitter topics of European relevance. To answer the research question, we performed sentiment analysis. Sentiment analysis performed on data gathered on social media platforms, such as Twitter, constitutes an alternative methodological approach to more formal surveys (e.g., Eurobarometer) and mass media content analysis. Three dimensions were coded: (1) sentiments toward the issue public, (2) sentiments toward the European Union (EU), and (3) the type of framing. Among all of the available algorithms for conducting sentiment analysis, integrated sentiment analysis (iSA), developed by the Blog of Voices at the University of Milan, was selected for the data analysis. This is a novel supervised algorithm that was specifically designed for analyses of social networks and the Web 2.0 sphere (Twitter, blogs, etc.), taking the abundance of noise within digital environments into consideration. An examination and discussion of the results shows that for these two hashtags, the results were more aligned with the demoicracy and “European lite identity” models than with the model of a pan-European demos.
Distribution of Ag(I), Li(I)-Cs(I) Picrates, and Na(I) Tetraphenylborate with Differences in Phase Volume between Water and Diluents

Ionic strength conditions in distribution experiments with single ions are very important for evaluating their distribution properties. Distribution experiments of picrates (MPic) with M = Ag(I) and Li(I)-Cs(I) into o-dichlorobenzene (oDCBz) were performed at 298 K by changing volume ratios (Vorg/V) between water and oDCBz phases, where “org” shows an organic phase. Simultaneously, an analytic equation with the Vorg/V variation was derived in order to analyze such distribution systems. Additionally, the AgPic distribution into nitrobenzene (NB), dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethene (DCE) and the NaB(C6H5) 4 (=NaBPh4) one into NB and DCE were studied at 298 K under the conditions of various Vorg/V values. So, extraction constants (Kex) for MPic into the org phases, their ion-pair formation constants (KMA,org) for MA = MPic in the org ones, and standard distribution constants () for the M(I) transfers between the water and org bulk phases with M = Ag and Li-Cs were determined at the distribution equilibrium potential (dep) of zero V between the bulk phases and also the Kex (NaA), KNaA,org, and values were done at A-=BPh-4. Here, the symbols Kex, KMA,org, and or were defined as [MA] org/[M+][A-], [MA] org/[M+]org [A-]org, and [M+]org/[M+] or [A-]org/[A-] at dep = 0, respectively. Especially, the ionic strength dependences of Kex and KMPic,org were examined at M = Li(I)-K(I) and org = oDCBz. From above, the conditional distribution constants, KD,BPh4 and KD,Cs, were classified by checking the experimental conditions of the I, Iorg, and dep values.
Forest SAR Tomography: Principles and Applications

Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) systems are widely used for monitoring vegetation and forested environments. Those that offer large-scale coverage, short revisiting times, and an under-foliage wave-penetration capability have been broadly employed to extract information about the forest structure. Similarly, 3D forest structures that serve as important indicators of productivity and biomass levels can be efficiently estimated using the SAR tomography (TomoSAR) processing technique through multibaseline (MB) image acquisition. This article provides an overview of the main developments in forest TomoSAR during the past two decades.
Design, analysis, and control of a nitinol shape memory alloy rotary actuator for spacecraft deployable structures

Small satellites known as CubeSats are becoming more and more popular in the aerospace industry and in academia. The new availability of rockets such as SpaceX's Falcon 9 or even dedicated CubeSat rockets such as Rocket Lab's Electron rocket have provided a new opportunity for many organizations to launch satellites. Depending on the goals of each satellite, they can be configured with many different payloads and mechanisms. Solar panels are one of the most common payloads on CubeSats but are mostly spring-actuated, meaning they cannot be deployed to precise angles. Shape memory alloys have been used to create rotary mechanisms in the past but closed loop control of shape memory alloys in a bending architecture is relatively novel. A rotary shape memory alloy actuator was designed with the use case of precisely pointing solar panels to maximize energy collection. Here we show identification of a system transfer function through multiple step responses and the use of a closed-loop PID control to achieve rise times of about 15 seconds with overshoot errors of 2 to 8 degrees. The experiments also showed the possibility of achieving rapid rise times of less than 2 seconds and accuracy within 2 degrees with some slight changes to the control system. This actuator prototype further develops the possibilities of precision angular actuation in a lightweight, robust, low volume, low power, and simple mechanical system. Thesis Supervisor: Kerri Cahoy Title: Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Initial Experience and Outcomes with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for the Management of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis in the Bahamas

Background: Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) with heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a treatment option with curative intent for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). The aim of our study was to report our initial experience with CRS and HIPEC performed by a specialized team in a low volume setting. We set out to determine the safety and efficacy of this treatment and also look at our outcomes with respect to perioperative complications and survival. Methods: A prospective database of patients treated with CRS and HIPEC was maintained since 2010. Demographic, tumor and treatment factors as well as postoperative outcomes were prospectively recorded. Results: Between 2010 and 2015 a total of seven patients underwent CRS and HIPEC. PC originated from colorectal carcinoma in five patients and appendix cancer in two patients. Mean age was 52 years, median peritoneal carcinoma index (PCI) was 13, mean operative time was 662 minutes and median blood loss was 1300 cc. Fourteen percent of patients developed a complication, there were no 30 day mortality. The median length of stay was 14 days. After an overall 19 month follow-up the overall mean survival was 48.83 months. Conclusion: CRS and HIPEC seems a safe procedure for PC in the Bahamas. Favorable longterm survival was achieved in this population of highly selected patients with PC.
Erbium-doped TeO2-coated Si3N4 waveguide amplifiers with 5  dB net gain

We demonstrate 5 dB net gain in an erbium-doped tellurium-oxide-coated silicon nitride waveguide. The amplifier design leverages the high refractive index and high gain in erbium-doped tellurite glass as well as the ultra-low losses and mature, reliable, and low-cost fabrication methods of silicon nitride waveguide technology. We show that the waveguide platform demonstrates low background propagation losses of 0.25 dB/cm based on a ring resonator device with a Q factor of 1.3×106 at 1640 nm. We measure 5 dB peak net gain at 1558 nm and >3 dB of net gain across the C band in a 6.7 cm long waveguide for 35 mW of launched 1470 nm pump power. Gain per unit length of 1.7 and 1.4 dB/cm is measured in a 2.2 cm long waveguide for 970 and 1470 nm pump wavelengths, respectively. Amplifier simulations predict that >10 dB gain can be achieved across the C band simply by optimizing waveguide length and fiber-chip coupling. These results demonstrate a promising approach for the monolithic integration of compact erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers on silicon nitride chips and within silicon-based photonic integrated circuits.
A Lightweight and Secure Group Key Based Handover Authentication Protocol for the Software-Defined Space Information Network

With rapid advances in satellite technology, space information network (SIN) has been proposed to meet the increasing demands of ubiquitous mobile communication due to its advantages in providing extensive access services. However, due to satellites’ resource constraint and SIN’s highly dynamic topology, it poses a challenge on management and resource utilization in the development of SIN. There have been some works integrating the software defined network (SDN) into SIN, defined as software defined space information network (SD-SIN), so as to simplify the management and improve resource utilization in SIN. However, these works ignore the security issue in SD-SIN. Meanwhile, the existing security mechanisms in SDN are still unable to cope with the uniqueness of satellite network, and some other critical security issues still haven’t yet been well addressed. In this paper, based on $(t,n)$ secret sharing, an SIN-specific lightweight group key agreement protocol is proposed for SD-SIN to ensure both the security and applicability. Moreover, considering the highly dynamic network topology, we also design a group key-based secure handover authentication scheme to reduce the overhead of handover authentication. Security analysis shows that the handover authentication protocol can resist to various known attacks. In addition, further performance evaluation shows its efficiency in terms of computation and communication overheads. Finally, the simulation results of computing overhead to the network entities demonstrate that our protocol is feasible in practical implementation.