Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resampling and Bootstrap to Assess the Relevance of Variables: A New Algorithmic Approach with Applications to Entrepreneurship Data

In this paper, we propose an algorithmic approach based on resampling and bootstrap techniques to measuring the importance of a variable, or a set of variables, in econometric models. This algorithmic approach allows us to check the real weight of a variable in a model, avoiding the biases of classical tests, and to select the more powerful variables, or more relevant models, in terms of predictability, reducing dimensions. We apply this methodology to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data for the year 2014, and find that innovation and new technologies, help others with their business, and that entrepreneurial education at University and the availability of government subsidies, are among the most important predictors for entrepreneurial behavior.
ECG Signal Compression for Diverse Transforms

Biological signal compression and especially ECG has an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis and survival analysis of heart diseases. Various techniques have been proposed over the years addressing the signal compression. Compression of digital electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is desirable for three reasons- economic use of storage data, reduction of the data transmission rate and transmission bandwidth conversation. ECG signal. In this paper a comparative study of Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Discrete Cosine compression is used for telemedicine field and re Transform (DCT) and Wavelet Transform (WT) transform based approach is carried out. Different ECG signals are tested from MIT-BIH arrhythmia database using MATLAB software. The experimental results are obtained for Percent Root Mean Square Difference (PRD), Signal to Noise ratio (SNR) and Compression ratio (CR). The result of ECG signal compression shows better compression performance in DWT compared to DFT, FFT and DCT. Keywords: Electrocardiogram (ECG), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Wavelet Transform (WT).
FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING INTERNET FINANCIAL AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING (IFSR) IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

Internet Financial and Sustainability Reporting (IFSR) is voluntary in nature. With no specific regulations on IFSR, there is a disparity of IFSR practices among companies. Some companies disclose only partial financial statement using a low level of technology, while others disclose full sets of financial reports using sophistications of the web such as multimedia and analytical tools. Sustainability (1999) addressed the benefits (global reach, immediacy, ease of updating, transparency, link ability, and interactivity) of reporting social and environmental information on the website and thus the factors that affect decision of whether or not to use this communication medium. By placing information on the firm’s website, users can search, filter, retrieve, download, and even reconfigure such information at low cost in a timely fashion. The purpose of this study was to examine financial variables that affect Internet Financial and Sustainability Reporting (IFSR) of listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange companies. The ordinal logistic regression used to examine variables that affect Internet Financial and Sustainability Reporting (IFSR). The sample of this research is companies that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The 203 observations were divided into three categories: 87 companies not providing financial and sustainability report in the internet (No website), 62 companies providing financial and sustainability report in the internet with low index (Low Index) and 54 companies providing financial and sustainability report in the internet with high index (High Index). The result shows that firm size, majority shareholders, auditor size and industry type as a determinant factor of internet financial and sustainability-reporting index in Indonesia, whereas leverage and profitability not statistically significant as determinant factors of internet financial and sustainability reporting index in Indonesia. Keywords: internet financial reporting, website, traditional financial reporting, internet, financial statement, voluntary disclosure.
Changes in the natural dynamics of Nothofagus dombeyi forests: population modeling with increasing drought frequencies

Drought-induced episodes of tree mortality can determine forest dynamics and structure, particularly in forests dominated by single species. Short- and mid-term climate projections indicate that strong changes in annual precipitation may strike more often in northern Patagonia. Data for recruitment, growth, and survival of Nothofagus dombeyi tree individuals were collected at several sites across the Nahuel Huapi National Park in Argentina. We combined mathematically all these different demographic stages into an Integral Projection Model to simulate 100-yr projections of simulated stand structure under different frequencies of extreme drought episodes. We projected total basal area and the number of individuals for three different initial stand types (i.e., young, medium, and old) and for varying drought frequencies (i.e., from 1 to 5 drought events every 100 years). Recruitment into the dbh ≥ 10 cm size class under normal conditions (i.e., without drought) was higher than under episodic drought conditions. In addition, survival under normal conditions was higher than under drought conditions, especially for small trees. Differences in growth were also important, with trees growing more vigorously under normal than under drought conditions. Our simulations predicted that N. dombeyi populations would experience a reduction in tree density in the mid-term if, as predicted by the IPCC projections, the frequency of future drought events increased. The simulations also showed that in those cases, young stands should suffer the most. Drought-mediated changes may induce a decline in the development of N. dombeyi forests in the mid- and long term by a drastic reduction in tree density.
Effects of Degumming on the Antioxidants Properties of Some Non-conventional Seed Oils

This study examined the effect of degumming process on antioxidants properties and oxidative stability of six non- conventional oils in Nigeria extracted from the seeds and flesh of Terminalia catappa (seed), Irvingia gabonesis (seed), Glycine max (seed), Persea americana (flesh), Tithonia diversifolia (seed), and Dacryodes edulis (flesh). DPPH scavenging activity of the oils decreased after degumming except for D. edulis with increased DPPH scavenging activity. Similarly, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) decreased for G. max, T. diversifolia and I. gabonensis after degumming but increased for T. catappa, P. americana and D. edulis. The degummed oil showed high peroxidation under the different light intensities (under direct sunlight, fluorescent light, and daylight) except I. gabonesis oil (PV: 5.7 meq/kg) and T. catappa oil (PV: 11 meq/kg) with improved stability in the dark for the period of study (84 days).
Effects of soil temperature and moisture on methane uptake and nitrous oxide emissions across three different ecosystem types

In this paper, we investigate similarities of effects of soil environmental drivers on year-round daily soil fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane for three distinct semi-natural or natural ecosystems: temperate spruce forest, Germany; tropical rain forest, Queensland, Australia; and ungrazed semi-arid steppe, Inner Mongolia, China. Annual cumulative fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane varied markedly among ecosystems, with nitrous oxide fluxes being highest for the tropical forest site (tropical forest: 0.96 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ; temperate forest: 0.67 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ; steppe: 0.22 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ), while rates of soil methane uptake were approximately equal for the temperate forest (−3.45 kg C ha −1 yr −1 ) and the steppe (−3.39 kg C ha −1 yr −1 ), but lower for the tropical forest site (−2.38 kg C ha −1 yr −1 ). In order to allow for cross-site comparison of effects of changes in soil moisture and soil temperature on fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide, we used a normalization approach. Data analysis with normalized data revealed that, across sites, optimum rates of methane uptake are found at environmental conditions representing approximately average site environmental conditions. This might have rather important implications for understanding effects of climate change on soil methane uptake potential, since any shift in environmental conditions is likely to result in a reduction of soil methane uptake ability. For nitrous oxide, our analysis revealed expected patterns: highest nitrous oxide emissions under moist and warm conditions and large nitrous oxide fluxes if soils are exposed to freeze–thawing effects at sufficiently high soil moisture contents. However, the explanatory power of relationships of soil moisture or soil temperature to nitrous oxide fluxes remained rather poor ( R 2 ≤ 0.36). When combined effects of changes in soil moisture and soil temperature were considered, the explanatory power of our empirical relationships with regard to temporal variations in nitrous oxide fluxes were at maximum about 50%. This indicates that other controlling factors such as N and C availability or microbial community dynamics might exert a significant control on the temporal dynamic of nitrous oxide fluxes. Though underlying microbial processes such as nitrification and denitrification are sensitive to changes in the environmental regulating factors, important regulating factors like moisture and temperature seem to have both synergistic and antagonistic effects on the status of other regulating factors. Thus we cannot expect a simple relationship between them and the pattern in the rate of emissions, associated with denitrification or nitrification in the soils. In conclusion, we hypothesize that our approach of data generalization may prove beneficial for the development of environmental response models, which can be used across sites, and which are needed to help achieve a better understanding of climate change feedbacks on biospheric sinks or sources of nitrous oxide and methane.
Stratospheric gravity waves at Southern Hemisphere orographichotspots: 2003–2014 AIRS/Aqua observations

Abstract. Stratospheric gravity waves from small-scale orographic sources are currently not well-represented in general circulation models. This may be a reason why many simulations have difficulty reproducing the dynamical behavior of the Southern Hemisphere polar vortex in a realistic manner. Here we discuss a 12-year record (2003–2014) of stratospheric gravity wave activity at Southern Hemisphere orographic hotspots as observed by the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) aboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Aqua satellite. We introduce a simple and effective approach, referred to as the “two-box method”, to detect gravity wave activity from infrared nadir sounder measurements and to discriminate between gravity waves from orographic and other sources. From austral mid-fall to mid-spring (April–October) the contributions of orographic sources to the observed gravity wave occurrence frequencies were found to be largest for the Andes (90 %), followed by the Antarctic Peninsula (76 %), Kerguelen Islands (73 %), Tasmania (70 %), New Zealand (67 %), Heard Island (60 %), and other hotspots (24–54 %). Mountain wave activity was found to be closely correlated with peak terrain altitudes, and with zonal winds in the lower troposphere and mid-stratosphere. We propose a simple model to predict the occurrence of mountain wave events in the AIRS observations using zonal wind thresholds at 3 and 750 hPa. The model has significant predictive skill for hotspots where gravity wave activity is primarily due to orographic sources. It typically reproduces seasonal variations of the mountain wave occurrence frequencies at the Antarctic Peninsula and Kerguelen Islands from near zero to over 60 % with mean absolute errors of 4–5 percentage points. The prediction model can be used to disentangle upper level wind effects on observed occurrence frequencies from low-level source and other influences. The data and methods presented here can help to identify interesting case studies in the vast amount of AIRS data, which could then be further explored to study the specific characteristics of stratospheric gravity waves from orographic sources and to support model validation.
The Effect of Special Vital Exercises to Force the Opposing Team to Commit Mistakes and Legal Irregularities in Handball

That the multiplicity of skills and plans offensive individual and collective handball players was also accompanied by the development of defensive aspects, which led researchers to use and experimenting methods that are highly influential on the performance of individual defense and collective and offensive, so the importance of research by finding some exercises, The ball directly, but also affect the competitor and push him to commit errors and legal irregularities to benefit from the contribution studied in the increase of penalties and progressive suspension cases . In this case, the problem of research was not to exploit the imposition of individual and individual punishments imposed by the law, but to limit the interest in directing the players not to make these irregularities and mistakes to avoid penalties. Therefore, exercises were put in place for forcing the players of the opposing team to commit violations and legal errors. The effect of some exercises in forcing the opposing team players to commit mistakes and legal irregularities the researchers hypothesized that there were significant differences between the tribal and remote tests of the two groups and for the benefit of the remote tests. There were also significant differences between the tests of the two groups of research and for the experimental group. The researchers used the experimental method. The research community was determined by the players of the Karbala University team for the academic year 2011/2012 and for the Karbala youth handball players for the handball at the age of 18-20 years. A sample of (30) players from this society were selected and divided equally into two control groups. The results came in favor of the experimental group, and the researchers concluded that the special exercises used were of interest to the players in forcing the opposing team to commit legal errors and irregularities. This type of exercise has a great positive impact on the outcome of the game and thus achievement especially for players of age groups. The researchers recommended that trainers adopt this type of exercise in their training and use it for younger age groups, which are likely to have greater results because they are less aware of the law and its applications. Keywords: Vital exercises, force, opposing team, commit mistakes and legal irregularities.
Depositional environment, organic matter characterization and hydrocarbon potential of Middle Miocene sediments from northeastern Bulgaria (Varna-Balchik Depression)

Abstract The depositional environments and hydrocarbon potential of the siliciclastic, clayey and carbonate sediments from the Middle Miocene succession in the Varna-Balchik Depression, located in the south-eastern parts of the Moesian Platform, were studied using core and outcrop samples. Based on the lithology and resistivity log the succession is subdivided from base to top into five units. Siliciclastic sedimentation prevailed in the lower parts of units I and II, whereas their upper parts are dominated by carbonate rocks. Unit III is represented by laminated clays and biodetritic limestone. Units IV and V are represented by aragonitic sediments and biomicritic limestones, correlated with the Upper Miocene Topola and Karvuna Formations, respectively. Biogenic silica in the form of diatom frustules and sponge spicules correlates subunit IIa and unit III to the lower and upper parts of the Middle Miocene Euxinograd Formation. Both (sub)units contain organic carbon contents in the order of 1 to 2 wt. % (median: 0.8 for subunit IIa; 1.3 for unit III), locally up to 4 wt. %. Based on Hydrogen Index values (HI) and alkane distribution pattern, the kerogen is mainly type II in subunit IIa (average HI= 324 mg HC/g TOC) and type III in unit III (average HI ~200 mg HC/g TOC). TOC and Rock Eval data show that subunit IIa holds a fair (to good) hydrocarbon generative potential for oil, whereas the upper 5 m of unit III holds a good (to fair) potential with the possibility to generate gas and minor oil. The rocks of both units are immature in the study area. Generally low sulphur contents are probably due to deposition in environments with reduced salinity. Normal marine conditions are suggested for unit III. Biomarker composition is typical for mixed marine and terrestrial organic matter and suggests deposition in dysoxic to anoxic environments.
StupidOS: A high-precision approach to boilerplate removal

StupidOS is a naive approach to boilerplate removal from English Web pages, based on n-gram models trained on the FIASCO gold standard. Despite its simplicity, the algorithm achieves a significant improvement over the baseline and trades off recall for substantially higher precision. Even the prototype implementation of StupidOS in pure Perl is lightweight and fast enough to process billions of words.
Staging the Impossible: The Fantastic Mode in Modern Drama

Introduction by Patrick D. Murphy When Formula Seizes Form: Oscar Wilde's Comedies by Susan Taylor Jacobs A Task Most Difficult: Staging Yeats's Mystical Dramas at the Abbey by Frederick S. Lapisardi The Perilous Edge: Strindberg, Madness and Other Worlds by Peter Malekin Wassily Kandinsky's Stage Composition Yellow Sound: Elements of the Fantastic as Examples of the Symbolic Mode of Communication by Kent W. Hooper Ionesco and l'insolite by Elizabeth C. and Ian M. Hesson Ambiguity and the Supernatural in Cocteau's La Machine Infernale by Ralph Yarrow Beckett and the Horrific by Lance Olsen Multiplicities of Illusion in Tom Stoppard's Plays by Peter N. Chetta Leivick's The Golem and the Golem Legend by Carl Schaffer Dream on Monkey Mountain: Fantasy as Self-Perception by Robert J. Willis Spalding Gray's Swimming to Cambodia: A Performance Gesture by Jessica Prinz The Shock of the Actual: Disrupting the Theatrical Illusion by Theodore Shank Playing at the End of the World: Postmodern Theatre by Veronica Hollinger "Infinity in a Cigar Box": The Problem of Science Fiction on the Stage by Joseph Krupnik Bibliography Index
Speed Control of DC Motor Using Fuzzy Logic Controller Based on Weather Station Data

The Astronomical dome has two shutters with three DC motors, Speed control of DC Motor is vital in many applications. In this paper the DC motors of Astronomical Dome and mirror shutters have been controlled by fuzzy logic control based on online homogenous weather station data. Control of motors speed used to open and close the dome and mirror shutters. The environmental weather station data, wind speed, humidity, rain rate, temperature, and dust particle have affected on statues of decision. The weather station data transfer to the fuzzy control system simultaneously to open or close the shutters. A simulation for DC motor fuzzy control system based on SIMULINK/MATLAB for dome and mirror motors done. The motor speed controlled through control the input voltage.
A Correlation Based Strategy for the Acceleration of Nonlocal Means Filtering Algorithm

Although the nonlocal means (NLM) algorithm takes a significant step forward in image filtering field, it suffers from a high computational complexity. To deal with this drawback, this paper proposes an acceleration strategy based on a correlation operation. Instead of per-pixel processing, this approach performs a simultaneous calculation of all the image pixels with the help of correlation operators. Complexity analysis and experimental results are reported and show the advantage of the proposed algorithm in terms of computation and time cost.
P2.2 VERIFICATION OF RAINFALL ESTIMATES OVER AFRICA USING RFE, NASA MPA-RT, AND CMORPH

In response to humanitarian needs in Africa, the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS-NET) relies on NOAA/CPC to provide operational products such as rainfall estimates/anomalies, regional climate information, and forecast model data. Since its inception in 1995, the CPC/FEWS-NET group has continually worked to develop and improve its products including the Rainfall Estimation algorithm to now be called RFE version 2.0, which was originally based on methodology as described in Xie and Arkin (1996) and has been enhanced, as noted in Herman et al. (1997). The RFE is used in conjunction with several rain gauge-based climatology products to resolve regions of drought and floods over the African continent and surrounding regions.
Auxiliaries and Verb Classes in Child Italian: A Syntactic Analysis of the Development of Aspect

In this paper we will analyse the production and interpretation of the forms of the present perfect ( passato prossimo ) in children’s Italian. Young children use past or perfective forms mainly to refer to telic predicates and present or imperfective forms mainly to refer to atelic predicates: the Aspect First Hypothesis (Antonucci and Miller 1976). We will focus on the distribution of auxiliaries in the first forms of the present perfect. First, since in Italian there are two auxiliaries, be for unaccusatives and have for transitives, we will show that be is mastered earlier than have: children properly assign be to unaccusatives which are inherently telic predicates and have to transitives and unergatives which are atelic. Second, we will test the validity of the Aspect First Hypothesis by presenting the results of two experimental tasks: the production and the comprehension of the perfective forms of have with telic and atelic predicates. The results will show that the aktionsart of verbs is relevant to account for the production of early auxiliaries till the age of 5. Furthermore, the perfective reading is not interpreted properly with atelic unergatives till later stages (7 years). We propose that telicity is not matched with the perfective morphology, but the presence of an overt direct object, that measures out the event denoted by the verb, triggers the production of the present perfect in child Italian. The syntax of verb classes influences the early aspectual interpretation.