Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant activity of Allanblackia floribunda trunk bark ethanol extract on alcohol-induced hypertensive rats

Oxidative stress is involved in many chronic diseases. The ethanol extract of Allanblackia floribunda (A. floribunda) was investigated for the antioxidant and antihypertensive activities on alcohol hypertensive rat’s model. The free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of plant extracts were evaluated in vitro by DPPH and ABTS assays, the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay and chelating ability on ferrous ions. Alcohol-induced hypertensive rats (AHR) were obtained by oral administration of ethanol (3 g/kg/day during 8 weeks) followed by 4 weeks of concomitant treatment with A. floribunda (100 and 200 mg/kg) and ethanol. Hemodynamic parameters were evaluated using the direct cannulation method. The effects of the extract on lipid profile, kidney and liver functions as well as oxidative stress markers were evaluated using colorimetric method. A. floribunda significantly reduced the mean blood pressure. The plant extract protected against the deterioration in lipid profile, reduced kidney and liver impairment, malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations in organs. The total phenolic content of A. floribunda extract was found to be 76772.5 μg equivalent catechin/g. Antioxidant potential of the extract was higher with DPPH assay as compared to ABTS assay. These results suggest that the protective effect of the ethanol extract of A. floribunda in alcohol-induced hypertension was in part due to its antioxidant properties.
Synthesis of Graphene/CU2O Thin Film Photoelectrode via Facile Hydrothermal Method for Photoelectrochemical Measurement

The process of carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction by using efficient non-precious-metal catalyst to make the process be economical has brought a comprehensive research in the area. In this study, graphene layer in copper foil was easily synthesized using hydrothermal method at temperature 200°C in 3 h duration. Diffraction peaks in XRD at around 29°, 36°, 42° and 74° in the composites correlate to the (110), (111), (200) and (311) crystalline planes of cubic cuprous oxide (Cu2O), while peak at 27° showed the carbon graphitic peak. Raman confirms the presence of the graphene layer on Cu2O. Photoelectrochemical performance test of Graphene/Cu2O demonstrated that the photoelectrocatalyst showing the photocurrent density 9.6 mA cm-2 at -0.8V vs Ag/AgCl. This study demonstrated a potential of semiconductor-based hybrid electrode for an efficient photoelectrocatalytic of CO2 reduction.
The Technology and Implementation of Automatic Identification of Sensors Based on Semantic IoT

With the development of semantic Internet of Things, there are many smart applications and services springing up in different domains. However, the gap between semantic representations and various sensor data formats used in IoT devices raises doubts and challenges for us. This paper aims to convert general data formats into unified SenML (Sensor Markup Language) and improves the algorithm about transforming SenML data into RDF (Resource Description Framework), a standardized semantic model. We exploited the knowledge-based system and designed the Internet of Things(IoT) structure of “smart campus” with LoRa technology, one of Low Power Wide Area Network(LPWAN). Such a proposition and application facilitate intelligent functions in IoT, mainly including semantic interoperability and scalability. In the end, an IoT system is presented to illustrate the usability of the whole approach and designed the structure of database storing RDF data.
Smart Temperature Sensors and Temperature‐Sensor Systems

Abstract For temperature sensing in smart sensors and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), the most commonly used elements are transistors, thermocouples, and thermopiles because these elements can be implemented with integrated circuit (IC) technology. At the system level, also other sensor elements are used. A comparison between different types of sensing elements is presented. For the temperature range of −55 to 150°C, bipolar junction transistors are very suited to be applied as temperature sensors because they can be fabricated in almost any standard IC technology, together with other circuitry. With similar circuits, bandgap voltage references can be made, which enables doing ratiometric measurements, where temperature-sensitive voltages are compared with an intrinsic reference voltage. In complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, component matching is poor. Yet, when using CMOS analog circuits, a very high precision can be achieved by using error-reduction techniques, such as dynamic element matching and chopping . These methods have been applied in a smart temperature sensor with a duty cycle modulated output signal, which is presented as case study. Even with a very low energy consumption, a high precision is achieved.
Prognostic Value of Functional Parameters of 18F-FDG-PET Images in Patients with Primary Renal/Adrenal Lymphoma

Objectives The aim of this study is to explore the textural features that may identify the morphological changes in the lymphoma region and predict the prognosis of patients with primary renal lymphoma (PRL) and primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL). Methods This retrospective study comprised nineteen non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients undergoing 18F-FDG-PET/CT at West China Hospital from December 2013 to May 2017. 18F-FDG-PET images were reviewed independently by two board certificated radiologists of nuclear medicine, and the texture features were extracted from LifeX packages. The prognostic value of PET FDG-uptake parameters, patients' baseline characteristics, and textural parameters were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the independent prognostic factors among the imaging and clinical features. Results The overall survival of included patients was 18.84 ± 13.40 (mean ± SD) months. Univariate Cox analyses found that the tumor stage, GLCM (gray-level co-occurrence matrix) entropy, GLZLM_GLNU (gray-level nonuniformity), and GLZLM_ZLNU (zone length nonuniformity), values were significant predictors for OS. Among them, GLRLM_RLNU ≥216.6 demonstrated association with worse OS at multivariate analysis (HR 9.016, 95% CI 1.041–78.112, p=0.046). Conclusions The texture analysis of 18F-FDG-PET images could potentially serve as a noninvasive strategy to predict the overall survival of patients with PRL and PAL.
Modeling of aerosol property evolution during winter haze episodes over a megacity cluster in northern China: roles of regional transport and heterogeneous reactions of SO2

Abstract. Regional transport and heterogeneous reactions have been shown to play crucial roles in haze formation over a megacity cluster centered on Beijing. In this study, the updated Nested Air Quality Prediction Model System (NAQPMS) and the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model were employed to investigate the evolution of aerosols – in terms of the number concentration, size distribution, and degree of aging – in Beijing during six haze episodes between 15 November and 15 December 2016, as part of the Air Pollution and Human Health–Beijing (APHH-Beijing) winter campaign of 2016. The model exhibited reasonable performance not only with respect to mass concentrations of PM2.5 and its components in Beijing but also regarding the number concentration, size distribution, and degree of aging. We revealed that regional transport played a non-negligible role in haze episodes, with contributions of 14 %–31 % to the surface PM2.5 mass concentration. The contribution of regional transport to secondary inorganic aerosols was larger than that to primary aerosols (30 %–63 % and 3 %–12 %, respectively). The chemical transformation of SO2 along the transport pathway from source regions to Beijing was the major source of SO42-. We also found that sulfate formed outside Beijing from SO2 emitted in Beijing; this sulfate was then blown back to Beijing and considerably influenced haze formation. Along the transport pathway, aerosols underwent aging, which altered the mass ratio of the coating of black carbon to black carbon (RBC) and the size distribution of number concentrations. During the episodes, the geometric mean diameter (GMD) increased from less than 100 nm at the initial site to approximately 120 nm at the final site (Beijing), and the RBC increased from 2–4 to 4–8. During haze episodes with high humidity, the average contributions of gas and aqueous chemistry, heterogeneous chemistry, and primary emission to sulfate were comparable. However, their relative contributions varied with pollution levels. Primary emissions had the greatest impact under light to moderate pollution levels, whereas heterogeneous chemistry had a stronger effect under high pollution levels.
Top-down synthesis of sponge-like Mn3O4 at low temperature

A top-down synthetic method was developed for the fabrication of sponge-like Mn3O4 composed of Mn3O4 nanocrystals by decomposition of manganese formate at 200 °C. The samples were characterized in terms of their structural and morphological properties by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) studies. TEM and SEM images showed that the morphology of sponge-like Mn3O4 structures was mostly retained from the morphology of the manganese formate precursor, which was controlled by the solvothermal process. Large sponge-like Mn3O4 structures exhibiting crystallographic symmetry were prepared under solvothermal treatment for a long time. The XRD pattern showed that the Mn3O4 exhibit a tetragonal hausmannite structure. The results of N2 adsorption analysis indicated that the sponge-like Mn3O4 nanostructures possess high surface area. The possible formation mechanism of Mn3O4 nanostructures has been discussed.
Finite difference time domain analysis of fractal antennas used in wireless communications

OF THE THESIS FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS OF FRACTAL ANTENNAS USED IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS by Chritz Adenauer Duncan Florida International University, 2004 Miami, Florida Professor Tadeusz M. Babij, Major Professor The advances in wireless technology and the ever-growing demand for multiband and smaller antennas in wireless communications has led to the field of mathematics known as fractal. The use of fractal geometry in antenna design has created a significant amount of interest within the wireless communications societies and most importantly, antenna design. This thesis investigates the performance and optimization of fractal antennas used in wireless communications. The principle analytical tool utilized in the study is the Finite Difference Time Domain technique (FDTD). This numerical method was applied to calculate the electromagnetic propagation characteristics of the Sierpinski gasket and Koch snowflake fractal antennas. Numerical results were computed for the two fractal antennas and compared to a conventional antenna. The input impedance, radiation pattern, the return loss and far field condition of these antennas are computed and analyzed. The Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulated results were collected and showed to be in good agreement.
Determining the bacterial cytotoxicity of silver nanomaterials; Scientific Operating Procedure Series : Toxicity (T)

Materials at the nanoscale have physiochemical properties that differ from their bulk material. Consequently, the growing use of nanomaterials in industrial and consumer products raise important questions about their environmental fate. The potential cytotoxic effects on microbial communities is an important safety and material life cycle consideration, as microorganisms play a vital role in environmental nutrient cycling, influence health, and disease of plants and animals, including humans. This Scientific Operating Procedure (SOP) describes a set of methods to determine the cytotoxic effects of nanomaterials on bacteria. Initial growth effects, including minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), can be monitored by a standardized microplate broth dilution assay when the nanomaterials stay suspended and do not inhibit optical density (OD) measurements. When these requirements are not met, a solid agar dilution plate MIC assay can be used whereby toxicity is determined by colony counts on agar plates. A standard minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay is also detailed and can elucidated the mode of action of nanomaterials that have an MIC. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR.
Kinematics and shoulder belt position of child volunteers when exposed to steering manoeuvres in different restraint systems

In car crash scenarios, the head is the most frequently injured body region among children. The main injury mechanism for rear seated restrained children, aged 3-13, who sustained head injuries rated AIS2+, has been found to be the contact of the head with the seat back or with other parts of car interior. Previous studies showed that pre-crash manoeuvres could influence the injury outcome. This thesis quantifies the static belt measurement and the kinematics of child volunteers exposed to steering manoeuvres when restrained on different types of booster cushion. A study was conducted on a test track with 18 children divided into two groups based on their stature. Each child was tested for the static belt measurement on three different booster cushions and performed two steering manoeuvres on each of two of these boosters. Cameras were used to monitor the child during the event. Different parameters were extracted from the videos in order to analyse the kinematics of the child. From the static belt measurement arose that tall children can achieve a better belt fit than short children, especially in terms of shoulder belt position and its “grabbing” effect.The analysis of the kinematics showed that head and torso moved inboard in different ways. The position of the belt on the shoulder was also considered throughout the steering event. The belt slip off the shoulder in 11 trials out of 18 for short children when restrained on the accessory booster, while the slip off occurred only in 2 trials when restrained on integrated booster. For tall children no belt slip off occurred regardless of the type of booster cushion.
Valorization of a high-acidity residual oil generated in the waste cooking oils recycling industries

A sludge fraction is obtained from the industries which recycle cooking oil and this sludge contains a large amount of oil with an extremely high acidity ( > 60%). In this work, we propose a scheme for methyl ester production from this residual oil consisting of the esterification of the free fatty acids followed by the transesterification of the remaining triglycerides. Esterifications were carried out with different methanol:oil molar ratios, and various catalysts in different weight ratios. The results revealed that homogeneous catalysts produced higher yields than heterogeneous ones in the esterification reaction. With the aim of improving the process, a previous triglyceride hydrolysis was assayed using lipases from Candida rugosa. Finally, the 3-stage process was performed under the most favorable conditions for each stage obtaining 84% wt. fatty acid methyl esters, which shows the potential of this residual oil as a source of biodiesel.
Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Potential of Crude Extracts from Lippia Javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng Leaves

Oxidative stress is considered as the aetiology of life threaten diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetic, renal diseases, cancer, inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.1 These diseases are reported as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide.2 Oxidative stress is characterized by imbalance between the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. During oxidative stress, cytochrome P450 facilitates the production of more ROS (hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical) than non-enzymatic antioxidant (flavonoids, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, α-tocopherol and glutathione) and enzymatic antioxidant (catalase, glutathione perioxidase and superioxide dismustase). 2 Reactive oxygen species also known to play beneficial roles in human physiology; protection of cellular system against chemical and physical insults, and in regulation of cells signalling.3 The imbalance between ROS and antioxidants results into degeneration of proteins, nucleic acids and amino acids, thus encourage cellular damages which aggravate health challenges.4
Advanced Safety Vehicle (ASV) Technology Driver Support System Monitor using Three Onboard Camera

This paper presents the development of safe driving support system using three onboard cameras. One camera monitors the driver to determine the current attention location, and the other is a front camera that detects pedestrians, running lane and vehicles in front. The rear camera detects pedestrians and approaching vehicles. The pedestrians and vehicles are detected using a specially trained HOG/Adaboost system. Lane detections use edge detection and RANSAC. Information from the three cameras is then used to determine if a situation is dangerous enough to warrant warning the driver. We have conducted experiments, and the results confirm that this system has the potential to support automatic driving.
Bilingual Dictionary Drafting:: Bootstrapping WordNet and BabelNet

In this paper, we present a simple method for drafting sense-disambiguated bilingual dictionary content using lexical data extracted from merged wordnets, on the one hand, and from BabelNet, a very large resource built auto matically from wordnets and other sources, on the other. Our motivation for using English-Basque as a showcase is the fact that Basque is still lacking bilingual lexicographical products of significant size and quality for any combination other than with the five major European languages. At the same time, it is our aim to provide a comprehensive guide to bilingual dictionary content drafting using English as pivot language, by bootstrapping wordnet-like reso urces; an approach that may be of interest for lexicographers working on dictionary project s dealing with other combinations that have not been covered in lexicography but where su ch resources are available. We present our experiments, together with an evaluation, in two dimensions: (1) A quantitative evaluation by describing the intersections of the obtained vocabularies with a basic lemma list of Standard Basque, the language for which we intend to provide dictionary drafts, and (2) a manual qualitative evaluation by measuring the adequateness of the bootstrapped translation equivalences. We thus compare recall and precisi on of the applied dictionary drafting methods considering different subsets of the draft dict ionary data. We also discuss advantages and shortcomings of the described approach in gene ral, and draw conclusions about the usefulness of the selected sources in the lexicographical production process.
A high sensitivity gas pressure sensor based on femtosecond laser micro/nano processing

Abstract A compact and novel Mach-Zehnder interferometer used for gas pressure sensing is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The sensor is constructed by fusion splicing a short piece of dual side-hole fiber (DSHF) in between two sections of multimode fibers (MMF). Interference occurs as the optical path length difference (OPLD) between light beams along air holes and silica of the DSHF. With the opening drilled on one air hole by femtosecond laser micro/nano processing, the filled gas directly affects light beam along this air hole, which results in the interference spectrum shift. Experimental results show that the sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of −8.58 nm/MPa with the increasing gas pressure. The sensor has potential application in gas pressure sensing for its advantages of high sensitivity, low temperature crosstalk and easy fabrication.
Research on Time-Dependent Failure Modeling Method of Integrating Discrete Dynamic Event Tree With Fault Tree

Classical PRA methods such as Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA) are characterized as static methods due to predetermined event sequences and success criteria of frontline systems. Unlike classical PRA, Dynamic PRA (DPRA) couples the stochastic random process such as random failure of system with deterministic analysis（by simulation）to determine the risk level of complex systems. It considers the safety significance of the timing and order of events on accident progression and consequences. However, it is time-consuming to establish a complicated system simulation model with all safety systems, equipment in an accident. Meanwhile, thousands of accident scenarios are generated due to various state transitions and parameter uncertainty. In fact, most of accident scenarios in nuclear power plants have been modeled for risk analysis using classical PRA models (such as ET). Some of the components to be analyzed could be modeled by a ETs and FTs, instead of establishing a computationally expensive simulation model. However, it is still challenging to combine the classical PRA method with the dynamic PRA method. For dynamic PRA, timing of events is explicitly modeled while the classical PRA model defines Boolean logic variables (such as True, False, Normal). Therefore, the "integration" method requires that these models must be able to handle Boolean logic variables and the timing of specific events. So in this paper, an integration model is illustrated about how to couple the time-dependent simulation model with the probabilistic analysis. Then possible dependencies and configuration consistency issue accounted for Discrete Event Tree (DET) branch probabilities are discussed. After that, a detailed method of integration FT into DET is introduced which emphasizes method of computing the conditional branch probability with FTs online, as well as developing the DET model in case of temporal relations of failure. Finally, a simple case of Low Pressure Injection System in Large Break Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LBLOCA) scenario is provided as a demonstration.