Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UDC 528

of GNSS observations time series by non-classical error theory of measurements (NETM), by large sample sizes n > 500. The errors of high-precision observations, for the most part, cannot be represented by the classical law of Gaussian distribution. With the increase in sample size, the empirical error distribution will increasingly deviate from the classical Gaussian error theory of measurements (CETM). Methods. For this research we pre-processed GNSS observation at five permanent stations in Ukraine (SULP, GLSV, POLV, MIKL and CRAO). After applying the “clean” procedures based on the iGPS software package, we obtained the GNSS observation time series for 2018-2020. The verification of empirical error distributions was ensured by the procedure of non-classical error theory of measurements, based on the recommendations offered by G. Jeffreys and on the principles of hypothesis testing according to Pearson criteria. Results. It has been established that the coordinate time series of permanent stations obtained from precision GNSS observations do not confirm the hypothesis of their conformity to normal Gaussian distribution law. NETM diagnostics of the accuracy of high-precision GNSS measurements, which is based on the use of confidence intervals for estimates of asymmetry and kurtosis of a large sample, followed by the Pearson test, confirms the presence of weak, non-GNSS-treated sources of systematic errors. Scientific novelty. The authors use the possibility of to improve the method of processing high-precision GNSS measurements and necessity to take into account sources of systematic errors. The failure to account for individual factors creates the effect of shifting the coordinate time series, which, in turn, leads to subjective estimates of station movement velocities, their geodynamic interpretation. Practical significance is based on the application of NETM diagnostics of probabilistic form of permanent stations topocentric coordinates distribution and improvement of the method of their determination. Research of the causes of the error distribution deviations from the established norms ensures the metrological literacy of large amount high-precision GNSS measurements.
VALIDATION OF DIFFERENT CLOUD PHASE RETRIEVAL METHODS FROM SEVIRI USING GROUND-BASED CLOUD RADAR AND LIDAR OBSERVATIONS

Four satellite cloud phase determination methods from SEVIRI were evaluated by comparing one year of retrievals (May 2004-April 2005) with ground-based observed cloud phase from cloud radar and lidar at Cabauw, the Netherlands. The aim of this research was to assess which cloud phase determination method was suited best to derive cloud phase climatology. Differences between these methods were quantified by studying seasonally averaged liquid water phase ratio; the skill of the methods was assessed using weighted correlation coefficients between daily liquid water phase ratio from SEVIRI and ground-based observations. For the temperature thresholding methods, using the commonly used threshold of 260 K, the difference in liquid water phase ratio is 30-35% during the summer and autumn months, decreasing to ~20% during the remainder of the period investigated. Further, brightness temperature difference 10.8-12.0 μm (BTD10.8-12.0) has a poor quality in deriving cloud phase climatology. Thirdly, the difference in seasonal liquid water phase ratio between CTT and BT10.8 is only a few percent, which raises the suggestion that correction for cloud emissivity does not play a large role at the threshold of 260 K. Finally, 0.6 and 1.6 μm reflectance ratio shows an increasing difference in seasonal liquid water phase ratio with ground-based observations towards the winter season due to unfavorable viewing geometries.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Nano Dithiocarbamate Complexes Derived From GO-benzimidazole

The first attempt to produce nano dithiocarbamate complexes has been done by the use of graphene oxide nano particles as a base material. The ligand of the type GO-benzimidazole dithiocarbamate coordinate with metal ions {Pd(II), Co(II), Ni(II)} through two sulfur atoms (bidentate) to form nano square planer complexes of the formula [M(L)2]x. These materials have been characterized by infra red spectra (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Interaction ability of metallic dibutylitin antitumor drug DPDCT with human liver isoenzyme CYP3A4 which metabolized exogenous substances

Bis[2,4-dichlor-N-(hydroxy-O)benzamidato-O]diphenyltin(IV) (DPDCT), which was one of our novel patent organotin compounds with high antitumor activity and relatively low toxicity, may be the inhibitor of human CYP3A4 proteaset. In this research, DPDCT was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H, 13C, 119Sn, NMR spectroscopic techniques, etc. The binding interaction between DPDCT and CYP3A4 was investigated by UV-vis absorption, fluorescence quenching, synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional fluorescence, circular dichroism and molecular docking technique. The UV absorption spectra of CYP3A4 was changed with the increasing of DPDCT, the enhancement of absorption of CYP3A4 is most probably due to the formation of ground state complex from the inter-molecular interactions. The quenching rate constants and binding constants for DPDCT with CYP3A4 was determined at 298 K and 310 K, which were decreased with the increase of the temperature, showing a static quenching procedure. The apparent binding constants Kb of CYP3A4 with DPDCT at 298 K and 310 K were 3.46×104 and 7.59×103, respectively. The number of binding sit ( n ) were 0.87 and 1.46, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters enthalpy change ( ΔH ) and entropy change ( ΔS ) of the DPDCT -CYP3A4 complex were negative, which suggested that their interaction was mainly hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force. Gibbs free energy ( ΔG ) was negative, which showed the binding of DPDCT-CYP3A4 was a spontaneous process. Synchronous fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra indicated that the conformation of CYP3A4 was changed by DPDCT. The Molecular docking was used to study the interaction orientation between DPDCT and human CYP3A4 protein. The results indicated that DPDCT interacted with a panel of amino acids in the active sites of CYP3A4 protein mainly through formation of hydrogen bond. Furthermore, the predicted binding model of DPDCT into CYP3A4 appeared to adopt an orientation with interactions among Ser119.
Supporting information for 3D Porous Graphitic Nanocarbon for Enhancing Durability of Pt Catalysts: Balance between graphitization and hierarchical porosity

Zhi Qiaoa,1, Sooyeon Hwangb,1, Xing Lib,h,1, Chenyu Wangc,1, Widitha Samarakoond, Stavros Karakalose, Dongguo Lic, Mengjie Chena, Yanghua Hea, Maoyu Wangd, Zhenyu Liug, Guofeng Wangg, Hua Zhouf, Zhenxing Feng *d, Dong Su*b, Jacob S. Spendelow*c and Gang Wu*a a, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States b, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States c, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States d, School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, United States e, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States f X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States g, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States h, Department of Physics and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
Bending Nanoindentation and Plasticity Noise in FCC Single and Polycrystals

We present a high-throughput nanoindentation study of in situ bending effects on incipient plastic deformation behavior of polycrystalline and single-crystalline pure aluminum and pure copper at ultranano depths (< 200 nm). We find that hardness displays a statistically inverse dependence on in-plane stress for indentation depths smaller than 10 nm, and the dependence disappears for larger indentation depths. In contrast, plastic noise in the nanoindentation force and displacement displays statistically robust noise features, independently of applied stresses. Our experimental results suggest the existence of a regime in Face Centered Cubic (FCC) crystals where ultranano hardness is sensitive to residual applied stresses, but plasticity pop-in noise is insensitive to it.
Near-Infrared Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensor for H2S Detection in Biogas

A quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensor for H2S detection operating in near-infrared spectral range is reported. The optical source is an erbium-doped fiber amplified laser with watt-level optical power. The QEPAS spectrophone is composed of a quartz tuning fork with a resonance frequency of 7.2 kHz, a quality factor of 8500, and a distance between prongs of 800 μm, and two tubes with a radius of 1.3 mm and a length of 23 mm acting as an organ pipe resonator. With this spectrophone geometry, the photothermal noise contribution of the spectrophone was removed and the theoretical thermal noise level was achieved. The position of both tubes with respect to custom quartz tuning fork has been investigated as a function of signal amplitude, Q-factor, and noise of the QEPAS sensor when a high-power laser was used. Benefit from the linearity of the QEPAS signal to the excitation laser power, a detection sensitivity of 330 ppb for H2S detection was achieved at atmospheric pressure and room temperature, when the laser power was 1.6 W and the signal integration time was set to 300 ms, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption of 3.15 × 10−9 W•cm−1/(Hz)1/2. The QEPAS sensor was then validated by measuring H2S in a biogas sample.
Stag Beetle Elytra: Localized Shape-Retaining, Puncture and Wear-Resistant

Beetles are by far one of the most successful and diverse insect species. A part of this success is attributed to their elytra which provide various functions such as protection to their bodies from mechanical forces and the harmful environmental factors. In this study, Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) elytra were first examined for their overall flexural properties and were observed to have a localized shape retaining snap-through mechanism which could play a crucial role in energy absorption, e.g. during battles and falls from heights. The snap-through mechanism was validated using theoretical calculations and also finite element simulations. Elytra were also characterized to examine their puncture and wear resistance. Our results show that elytra resisted puncture up to a force of 1.8±0.4 N and have puncture resistance compared to that of commercially available puncture resistant gloves. The measured values of modulus and hardness of elytra exocuticle were 10.3±0.8 GPa and 0.7±0.1 GPa. Using the hardness to modulus ratio as an indicator of wear resistance, the estimated value was observed to be in the range of wear resistant biological materials. Thus, our study demonstrates different mechanical properties of the stag beetle elytra which can be explored to design shape retaining bio-inspired composites with enhanced puncture and wear resistance.
Multi-lingual Transformer Training for Khmer Automatic Speech Recognition

Currently, there are three challenges for constructing reliable ASR systems for the Khmer language: (1) the lack of language resources (text and speech corpora) in digital form, (2) the writing system without explicit word boundary, and (3) the pronunciation model is not well studied. In this paper, to avoid the extensive work on selecting proper acoustic units (e.g., phones, syllables) and preparing the frame-level labels on the traditional DNN-HMM framework, we directly use words or characters as the label using state-of-the-art transformer-based end-to-end model. Moreover, we use the multi-lingual training framework to tackle the low-resource data problem. All experiments are performed on the Basic Expressions Travel Corpus (BTEC) datasets. The experiments show that the proposed multi-lingual transformer-based end-to-end model can achieve significant improvement compared to the DNN-HMM baseline model11The work was performed during Mr. Kak Soky was in NIPTICT. He is currently with Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports (MoEYS), Cambodia.
Sustainability of Hotel, How Does Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Employees’ Behaviors?

This study sought to explore the influence of perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) on organizational identification and organizational commitment. Based on extensive literature review, the theoretical model was proposed. Perceived CSR was developed as the determinant, organizational identification as the mediator, and organizational commitment as the outcome. Targeting highly educated employees, this study surveyed employees with bachelor degrees or above. A total of 836 data were collected, and structural equation modeling was analyzed with statistical software AMOS 21.0 software. The findings indicated that perceived CSR contributed positively to organizational identification and commitment. Apart from the direct positive effect on organizational commitment, organizational identification also mediated the relationship between perceived CSR and employee loyalty. The study highlighted the importance of fulfilling social responsibilities, encouraged managers to understand young well-educated employees from different perspectives, and also shed light on performing effective human resource management (HRM) activities, which can meet the UN Sustainable Development Goals and accelerate the related development in tourism and hospitality.
Spatial Characteristics and Factor Analysis of Pollution Emission from Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China

Heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDDTs) contribute significantly to NOX and particulate matter (PM) pollution. Although existing studies have emphasized that HDDTs play a dominant role in vehicular pollution, the spatial distribution pattern of HDDT emissions and their related socioeconomic factors are unclear. To fill this research gap, this study investigates the spatial distribution pattern and spatial autocorrelation characteristics of NOX, PM, and SO2 emissions from HDDTs in 200 districts and counties of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region. We used the spatial lag model to calculate the significances and directions of the pollutants from HDDTs and their related socioeconomic factors, namely, per capita GDP, population density, urbanization rate, and proportions of secondary and tertiary industries. Then, the geographical detector technique was applied to quantify the strengths of the significant socioeconomic factors of HDDT emissions. The results show that (1) NOX, PM, and SO2 pollutants emitted by HDDTs in the BTH region have spatial heterogeneity, i.e., low in the north and high in the east and south. (2) The pollutants from HDDTs in the BTH region have significant spatial autocorrelation characteristics. The spatial dependence effect was obvious; for every 1% increase in the HDDT emissions in the surrounding districts and counties, the local HDDT emissions increased by 0.39%. (3) Related factors analysis showed that the proportion of tertiary industries had a significant negative correlation, whereas the proportion of secondary industries and urbanization rate had significant positive correlations with HDDT emissions. Population density and per capita GDP did not pass the significance test. (4) The order of effect intensities of the significant socioeconomic factors was proportion of tertiary industry > proportion of secondary industry > urbanization rate. This study guides scientific decision making for pollution control of HDDTs in the BTH region.
PSK modulation in camera based VLC for receiving from distributed transmitters

Visible light communication (VLC) is an optical wireless communication technology that operates in the visible spectrum. Image-sensor based VLC, also as known as optical camera communication is a powerful method for receiving data from distributed transmitters. This paper discusses methods that modulate the data from the distributed transmitters, and proposes a communication method using two image-sensors. The proposed method uniquely estimate the phase difference between the camera framing and LED blinking from two pixel values obtained by two cameras with different exposure timings, and communicates by phase shift keying. The principle of the proposed method is confirmed in experiments.
MAGNETOTELLURIC EXPLORATION IN THE VICINITY OF IROTA AND GADNA

Magnetotelluric (MT) measurements were performed in the wooded area between Irota and Gadna. Irota is situated in the Cserehát region of NE Hungary. The main purpose of the measurements was to specify the depth of the Paleozoic basement and to identify occasional resistivity inhomogenities in the basement. Based on previous geological data, the area is prospected for base and precious mineralization. Mineral exploration of the area has been renewed in recent years, indicating the current significance of this work. The MT measurements were performed along three nearly parallel profiles. Data processing was carried out using WinGLink software. Apparent resistivity and impedance phase graphs were produced after the estimation of the impedance tensor. The nonlinear conjugate gradients algorithm was used for the 2D inversion of all three sections. A low resistivity zone is observable in the middle of the easternmost section. Based on the results of the inversion, geological conclusions were drawn. To make a complex interpretation and to understand the geological causes of the difference between the sections more precisely, further geophysical and geological investigations are needed.
Computational Study of Lithium Intercalation in Silicene Channels on a Carbon Substrate after Nuclear Transmutation Doping

Silicene is considered to be the most promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. In this work, we show that transmutation doping makes silicene substantially more suitable for use as an anode material. Pristine and modified bilayer silicene was simulated on a graphite substrate using the classical molecular dynamics method. The parameters of Morse potentials for alloying elements were determined using quantum mechanical calculations. The main advantage of modified silicene is its low deformability during lithium intercalation and its possibility of obtaining a significantly higher battery charge capacity. Horizontal and vertical profiles of the density of lithium as well as distributions of the most significant stresses in the walls of the channels were calculated both in undoped and doped systems with different gaps in silicene channels. The energies of lithium adsorption on silicene, including phosphorus-doped silicene, were determined. High values of the self-diffusion coefficient of lithium atoms in the silicene channels were obtained, which ensured a high cycling rate. The calculations showed that such doping increased the normal stress on the walls of the channel filled with lithium to 67% but did not provoke a loss of mechanical strength. In addition, doping achieved a greater battery capacity and higher charging/discharging rates.
Ambidexterity, Alliances and Environmental Management System Adoption in Spanish Hotels

Competitiveness in the hotel sector and its effect on the environment involves integrating environmental issues in hotel management. Current environmental challenges often require firms to cope with contradictory processes. Ambidexterity is a firm’s capability to deal with conflicting demands and could be helpful in increasing a firm’s environmental management system (EMS) adoption. Furthermore, given the complexity of technological advances, environmental requirements demand inter-firm collaboration. The aim of this study is to further an understanding of how hotels can increase EMS adoption by providing a framework of the contributing effect of alliances and ambidexterity. Results from tests using logistic regression and bootstrapping techniques on a sample of 306 Spanish hotels confirm the importance of ambidexterity because of its positive and direct effect on EMS adoption, and because of the mediating effect, which helps transform the benefits of firms’ participation in strategic alliances into their adoption of EMS. This study contributes to the literature on ambidexterity by highlighting the importance for firms to develop this capability. It also contributes to a better understanding of the drivers of EMS adoption, introducing the integrated effect of hotel participation in alliances and ambidexterity. Hotel managers should endeavor to develop ambidexterity capability to facilitate EMS adoption.
Thermal Characterization of Cloud Workloads on a Low-power Server-on-Chip

We propose a low-power many-core server-on-chip system with 3D-stacked Wide I/O DRAM for Cloud applications. The integration of 3D-stacked Wide I/O DRAM on top of a logic die increases available memory bandwidth by using dense and fast Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs) instead of off-chip IOs, enabling faster data transfers at much lower energy per bit. We demonstrate a methodology that includes system-level architecture modeling and rapid virtual physical prototyping with emphasis on the thermal analysis. Our findings show that while executing CPU-centric benchmarks (e.g. SPECInt and Dhrystone), the temperature in the server-on-chip (logic+DRAM) is in the range of 175-200◦C at power consumption less than 20W, exceeding the reliable operating bounds without any cooling solutions, even with embedded cores. However, with real Cloud workloads, the power density in the server-on-chip remains much below the temperatures reached by the CPU-centric workloads as a result of much lower power burnt by memory-intensive Cloud applications. We show that such a server-on-chip system is feasible with a low-cost passive heat sink eliminating the need for a high-cost active heat sink with an attached fan, creating an opportunity for overall cost and energy savings in datacenters.
The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Serum Biomarkers among Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain and Modic Changes in Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The aim of the current study was to compare changes in serum biomarkers, including inflammatory mediators, signaling molecules, growth factors and markers of bone turnover after a single intravenous infusion of 5 mg zoledronic acid (ZA, a long-acting bisphosphonate; n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) among patients with Modic changes (MC) and chronic low back pain in a randomized controlled design. The MCs were classified into M1, predominating M1, predominating M2, and M2. We measured the serum concentrations of 39 biomarkers at baseline, and one month and one year after treatment. After Benjamini–Hochberg (B–H) correction, we observed significant differences in three biomarkers over one year: Interferon-γ-inducible protein (IP-10) had risen in the ZA group (p = 0.005), whereas alkaline phosphatase (AFOS) and intact procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (iPINP) had significantly decreased in the ZA group, but had not changed in the placebo group (p < 0.001 for both). Change in iPINP correlated with change in the volume of all MC and M1 lesions. ZA downregulated bone turnover markers as expected and, surprisingly, increased the chemokine IP-10 relative to placebo treatment. This adds to our knowledge of the effects of ZA on MC and the biomarkers that signal this process.