Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electronic Health Records for Intervention Research: A Cluster Randomized Trial to Reduce Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care (eCRT Study)

PURPOSE This study aimed to implement a point-of-care cluster randomized trial using electronic health records. We evaluated the effectiveness of electronically delivered decision support tools at reducing antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in primary care. METHODS Family practices from England and Scotland participating in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) were included in the trial; 53 family practices were allocated to intervention and 51 practices were allocated to usual care. Patients aged 18 to 59 years consulting for respiratory tract infections were eligible. The intervention was through remotely installed, computer-delivered decision support tools accessed during the consultations. Control practices provided usual care. The primary outcome was the proportion of consultations for respiratory tract infections with an antibiotic prescribed based on electronic health records. Family practice-specific proportions were included in a cluster-level analysis. RESULTS Data were analyzed for 603,409 patients: 317,717 at intervention practices and 285,692 at control practices. Use of the intervention was less than anticipated, varying among practices. There was a reduction in proportion of consultations with antibiotics prescribed of 1.85% (95% CI, 0.10%–3.59%, P = .038) and in the rate of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections (9.69%; 95% CI, 0.75%–18.63%, fewer prescriptions per 1,000 patient-years, P = .034). There were no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Cluster randomized trials may be implemented efficiently in large samples from routine care settings by using primary care electronic health records. Future studies should develop and test multicomponent methods for remotely delivered intervention.
Preprint RAL-P-2014-012 R A Nonmonotone Filter SQP Method : Local Convergence and Numerical Results

The work by Gould, Loh, and Robinson [A filter method with unified step computation for nonlinear optimization, SIAM J. Optim. , 24 (2014), pp. 175–209 ] established global convergence of a new filter line search method for finding local first-order solutions to nonlinear and nonconvex constrained optimization problems. A key contribution of that work was that the search direction was computed using the same procedure during every iteration from subproblems that were always feasible and computationally tractable. This contrasts previous filter methods that require a separate restoration phase based on subproblems solely designed to reduce infeasibility. In this paper, we present a nonmonotone variant of our previous algorithm that inherits the previously established global convergence property. In addition, we establish local superlinear convergence of the iterates and provide the results of numerical experiments. The numerical tests validate our method and highlight an interesting numerical trade-off between accepting more (on average lower quality) steps versus fewer (on average higher quality) steps. 1 Scientific Computing Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, England, EU. Email: nick.gould@stfc.ac. uk . Current reports available from “http://www.numerical. rl.ac. uk/reports/reports.shtml”. 2 This work was supported by the EPSRC grant EP/I013067/1. 3 Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Whitehead Hall, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. Email : yloh4@jhu.edu , daniel.p.robinson@jhu.edu , daniel.p.robinson@gmail.com . 4 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant DMS-1217153. Scientific Computing Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Oxfordshire OX11 0QX December 2014, Revised July 2015 A Nonmonotone Filter SQP Method: Local Convergence and Numerical Results 1
Factors associated with use of psychiatrists and nonpsychiatrist providers by ESEMeD respondents in six European countries.

OBJECTIVE This study analyzed use of services from psychiatrists and other mental health professionals (psychologists, psychotherapists, counselors, and social workers) in six European countries. METHODS Data were from respondents (N=8,796) to the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD), a cross-sectional survey (2001-2003) of a representative sample of noninstitutionalized adults in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain that was conducted via computer-assisted interviews with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, version 3.0. RESULTS Twenty-three percent of respondents reported lifetime use of any professional for mental health problems, and 60% consulted a mental health provider. Among these, 56% used a psychiatrist and 68% used a nonpsychiatrist provider. Factors associated with use of psychiatrists only were being retired or unemployed, having 12 or fewer years of education, living in France or Spain, having a severe disorder, and using psychotropic medication. Factors associated with use of nonpsychiatrist providers only were living in the Netherlands or Germany, never being married, and having an anxiety disorder. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that there is no simple model of associations between mental health care system and patterns of service use. System characteristics, such as practitioner-population ratios, levels of practitioner availability, and gatekeeping and reimbursement policies, affect patterns of use of mental health providers. Recent British and Australian plans could be used as models for better allocation of services in some ESEMeD countries.
Molecular Determinants of Na+/Ca2+ Exchange (NCX1) Inhibition by SEA0400*

SEA0400 is a potent and selective Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) inhibitor. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of SEA0400 on Na+i-dependent 45Ca2+ uptake and whole-cell Na+/Ca2+ exchange currents in NCX-transfected fibroblasts. SEA0400 preferentially inhibited 45Ca2+ uptake by NCX1 compared with inhibitions by NCX2, NCX3, and NCKX2. SEA0400 also selectively blocked outward exchange currents from NCX1 transfectants. We searched for regions that may form the SEA0400 receptor in the NCX1 molecule by NCX1/NCX3 chimeric analysis. The results suggest that the first intracellular loop and the fifth transmembrane segment are mostly responsible for the differential drug responses between NCX1 and NCX3. Further site-directed mutagenesis revealed that multiple mutations at Phe-213 markedly reduced sensitivity to SEA0400 without affecting that to KB-R7943. We also found that Gly-833-to-Cys mutation (within the α-2 repeat) greatly reduced the inhibition by SEA0400, but unexpectedly the NCX1 chimera with an α-2 repeat from NCKX2 possessed normal drug sensitivity. In addition, exchangers with mutated exchanger inhibitory peptide regions, which display either undetectable or accelerated Na+-dependent inactivation, had a markedly reduced sensitivity or hypersensitivity to SEA0400, respectively. To verify the efficacy of the NCX inhibitor, we examined the renoprotective effect of SEA0400 in a hypoxic injury model using porcine renal tubular cells. SEA0400 protected against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cell damage in tubular cells expressing wild-type NCX1 but not in cells expressing SEA0400-insensitive mutants. These results suggest that Phe-213, Gly-833, and residues that eliminate Na+-dependent inactivation are critical determinants for the inhibition by SEA0400, and their mutants are very useful for checking the pharmacological importance of NCX inhibition by SEA0400.
HeLa cells and their possible contamination of other cell lines: karyotype studies.

G- and C-banding techniques were applied to the chromosomes of 5 human cell lines, viz. HeLa, KB, HEp-2, D98/AH-2 and Lu106. According to the records, the 3 former ones are of tumor origin. the 2 latter of normal origin. The 5 cell lines showed considerable similarities: (1) their stemline chromosome numbers were near-triploid; (2) the normal chromosome types. generally present in disomic or trisomic numbers, showed the same deviations through 4 or all 5 lines: nulli- or monosomy in No. 3, tri- or tetrasomy in No. 7, 15 and 17, maximum variation in No. 7, 9 and 16, no Y chromosome in spite of the supposedly male origin of some of the lines; (3) the incidence of markers was of comparable size order (21–25% in KB, HeLa and D98/AH-2, 29% in HEp-2, 36% in Lu106); (4) the majority of the marker types were found either in relatively low or high frequencies (1–3 or 8–10 out of 10 cells); (5) marker chromosomes of concordant band pattern were common to different lines; (6) the total lengths of normal and marker chromosomes and whole complements were approximately the same in most or all lines. These results indicate that the variability in the parameters analyzed is less than expected in completely independent lines. The conclusion is that all 5 cell lines are most likely of HeLa origin.
Norfloxacin-loaded Chitosan Sponges as Wound Dressing Material

The aim of this study was the preparation and characterization of chitosan sponges including a model antibiotic (i.e., norfloxacin). The chitosan sponges were prepared by a solvent evaporation method. The matrix was also cross-linked during the preparation. The results indicated that the chitosan sponges were in the fibrillar structure. The swelling behavior, norfloxacin loading, in vitro release characteristics, and antibacterial activity were determined. The effects of cross-linker concentration, norfloxacin/chitosan ratio, chitosan molecular weight, and base concentration were investigated. The most effective parameter was found to be the degree of neutralization. It was also observed that the equilibrium swelling ratio decreased with increasing crosslinking density. The norfloxacin release was found to be swelling controlled initially and diffusion controlled at the extended release periods. It was also found that the antibacterial activity was directly proportional to the release rate.
IN VITRO COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LAVA ULTIMATE CAD/CAM RESTORATIVE SYSTEM IN COMPARISON TO IPS E-MAX PRESS

INTRODUCTION: The increasing demand for esthetics stimulated research in metal-free, tooth-colored restorations. OBJECTIVES: The study compares the biaxial flexural strength, surface roughness and color stability of CAD/CAM nano ceramic optimized composite resin Lava Ultimate material (3M ESPE), pressable ceramic IPS e-max (ivoclar vivadent) and feldspathic porcelain VM7(VITA) MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety specimens were used, divided into three groups 30 specimens each: first group of Lava Ultimate discs, second group of E-max Press discs and third group of VM7 discs: each group was divided into three subgroups ten specimens each: 10 specimens were subjected to biaxial flexural strength test using universal testing machine, 10 to surface roughness test using profilometer and 10 for color stability test using spectrophotometer. RESULTS: On comparing the biaxial flexural strength test there was no significant difference between Lava ultimate group and E-max press, while there was a significant increase in strength in Lava ultimate and E-max press group than the VM7. As for the surface roughness test there was no significant difference between Lava ultimate and E-max press, while there was a significant increase in roughness in VM7 group than Lava ultimate and E-max press groups. The Color difference in the three groups showed a significant increase in ΔE in Lava ultimate than E-max press. Also, there was a significant decrease in ΔE in VM7 group than Lava ultimate and E-max press groups. CONCLUSIONS: The E-max press and the Lava Ultimate showed significantly higher biaxial flexural strength values and significantly lower surface roughness compared to VM7. Lava Ultimate has the least color stability due to its composite matrix although it could be repolished. VM7 is the most color stable so it could be used as veneers although it is the weakest ceramic in the study.
Analysis of the Induction Machine Parameter Identification

This paper analyzes the numerical identifiability of the electrical parameters of induction machines. Formulations of the single-and double-cage induction machine, with and without core-losses in both models, are developed. It is shown the impossibility to identify all the parameters of these models when only external measurements (voltage, current, speed, and torque) are used. One proposed solution is the formulation of machine equations by using the minimum number of parameters (which are identifiable parameters). As an application example, the parameters of a double-cage induction machine are identified using steady-state measurements corresponding to different angular speeds.
Introducing integral compensation into controller synthesis based on noncausal LPTV scaling and control experiments with cart inverted pendulum

This paper aims at improving control performance of control systems designed through discrete-time non-causal linear periodically time-varying (LPTV) scaling by introducing integral compensation. A controller designed with noncausal LPTV scaling generally becomes LPTV rather than linear time-invariant. This situation may cause a new issue when we introduce integral compensation. Hence, we study in detail how to introduce integral compensation to construct an augmented system for which a controller is designed through noncausal LPTV scaling. Effectiveness of the introduced integral compensation is also demonstrated by control experiments with a cart inverted pendulum whose pendulum length can be set from three different choices.
A Dynamic Tradeoff Model of Intertemporal Choice

The delay discounting perspective, which assumes an alternative-wise processing of attribute information, has long dominated research on intertemporal choice. Recent studies, however, have suggested that intertemporal choice is based on attribute-wise comparison. This line of research culminated in the tradeoff model (Scholten & Read, 2010; Scholten, Read, & Sanborn, 2014), which can accommodate most established behavioral regularities in intertemporal choice. One drawback of the tradeoff model, however, is that it is static, providing no account of the dynamic process leading to a choice. Here we develop a dynamic tradeoff model that can qualitatively account for empirical findings in intertemporal choice regarding not only choices but also response times. The dynamic model also outperforms the original, static tradeoff model when quantitatively fitting choices from representative data sets, and even outperforms the best-performing dynamic model derived from Decision Field Theory in Dai and Busemeyer (2014) when fitting both choices and response times.
Heat shock 70 gene is differentially expressed in Histoplasma capsulatum strains with different levels of thermotolerance and pathogenicity

The response to heat shock has been examined In two strains of the dimorphic pathogenic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, which differ considerably in thermotolerance and pathogenicity. The gene for the 70 kD heat shock protein (hsp70) was isolated using a Drosophila hsp70 gene to screen a cosmid library of the DNA from the temperature‐sensitive Downs strain (low level of thermotolerance for mice). Using the cloned gene as a probe, we have measured the transcription of the endogenous hsp70 gene at 25°C and in response to temperature shift to 34°, 37° and 40°C, temperatures that trigger the mycelial to yeast phase transition in this fungus. The gene is constitutively transcribed at low levels, both in the yeast and the mycelial stages. Synthesis of hsp70 mRNA was transiently increased 1 to 3 h after the temperature shifts. By Northern analysis, peak levels of transcription were shown to occur at 34°C in the Downs strain and at 37°C in the more pathogenic G222B strain. Our results are consistent with reports in which it has been shown that heat shock gene expression is part of temperature adaptation and probably developmental processes. The low levels of transcription of the hsp70 gene in the Downs strain at 37°C correlate with its greater temperature sensitivity and low level of virulence.
New approach for 3 D object forms detection using a new algorithm of SUSAN descriptor ( ID : 84 )

This paperoccursin the context of object recognition, and in particular, in the detection of 3D objects and their free forms by local descriptors of interest points to identify them. However, it remains to solve a several problems in this area that is related to the large amount of information and invariant to scale and angle of view. In this context, our purpose is to make the recognition of a 3D object from the detection of their interest points and extract characteristics of the detection of each object to facilitate his research in a database. For this reason, we will propose a new robust detector of noise that includes criteria for extracting interest points of 3D objects by specifying their free forms. This detector is based on SUSAN detector using differential measures for compare it with others.
Survival strategies for Michigan's health care safety net providers.

OBJECTIVE To understand key adaptive strategies considered by health care safety net organizations serving uninsured and underinsured populations in Michigan. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Primary data collected through interviews at community-based free clinics, family planning clinics, local public health departments, and Federally Qualified Health Centers from 2002 to 2003. RESEARCH DESIGN In each of six service areas in Michigan, we conducted a multiple-site case study of the four organizations noted above. We conducted interviews with the administrator, the medical or clinical director, the financial or marketing director, and a member of the board of directors. We interviewed 74 respondents at 20 organizations. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Organizations perceive that unmet need is expanding faster than organizational capacity; organizations are unable to keep up with demand. Other threats to survival include a sicker patient population and difficulty in retaining staff (particularly nurses). Most clinics are adopting explicit business strategies to survive. To maintain financial viability, clinics are: considering or implementing fees; recruiting insured patients; expanding fundraising activities; reducing services; or turning away patients. Collaborative strategies, such as partnerships with hospitals, have been difficult to implement. Clinics are struggling with how to define their mission given the environment and threats to survival. CONCLUSIONS Adaptive strategies remain a work in progress, but will not be sufficient to respond to increasing service demands. Increased federal funding, or, ideally, a national health insurance program, may be the only viable option for expanding organizational capacity.
Influence of altitudinal variation on the content of phenolic compounds in wild populations of Calluna vulgaris, Sambucus nigra, and Vaccinium myrtillus.

This study deals with the effect of altitudinal variation on the content of phenolic compounds in three traditional herbal plants, which are also consumed as food in Central Europe. Herbs of Calluna vulgaris (L.) HULL, flowers and fruits of Sambucus nigra L. , and berries of Vaccinium myrtillus L. collected in the Naturpark Solktaler (Austria) were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). Identification and quantification of the constituents in the polar extracts (methanol 80%, v/v) were achieved by means of RP-HPLC-PDA and/or LC-PDA-MS analysis with external standards. 3,5- O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid was identified in flowers of S. nigra for the first time. Rising concentrations of flavonoids and especially flavonol-3- O-glycosides with adjacent hydroxyl groups in ring B in C. vulgaris and S. nigra with increasing altitude were observed. Anthocyanins from the berries of both S. nigra and V. myrtillus occurred in decreasing amounts with rising altitude. C. vulgaris showed the best radical scavenging capacity based on the DPPH assay.
Notch3 and Canonical NF-κB Signaling Pathways Cooperatively Regulate Foxp3 Transcription

Notch3 overexpression has been previously shown to positively regulate the generation and function of naturally occurring regulatory T cells and the expression of Foxp3, in cooperation with the pTα/pre-TCR pathway. In this study, we show that Notch3 triggers the trans activation of Foxp3 promoter depending on the T cell developmental stage. Moreover, we discovered a novel CSL/NF-κB overlapping binding site within the Foxp3 promoter, and we demonstrate that the activation of NF-κB, mainly represented by p65-dependent canonical pathway, plays a positive role in Notch3-dependent regulation of Foxp3 transcription. Accordingly, the deletion of protein kinase Cθ, which mediates canonical NF-κB activation, markedly reduces regulatory T cell number and per cell Foxp3 expression in transgenic mice with a constitutive activation of Notch3 signaling. Collectively, our data indicate that the cooperation among Notch3, protein kinase Cθ, and p65/NF-κB subunit modulates Foxp3 expression, adding new insights in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in regulatory T cell homeostasis and function.
The Reliability and Validity of the Psychiatric Assessment of the Child: I. Interview with the Child

Surprisingly little has been written on the interview with the child as a diagnostic tool, in contrast to the voluminous literature on the therapeutic interview. Whereas standard texts on child psychiatry usually include a discussion of the physician-child relationship and of the use of play situation, it is rare for there to be any systematic account of the interview with the child as a diagnostic procedure.
Towards a new measurement language for self-knowledge in personal-informatics

This paper proposes a new tool of measurement for Self-Knowledge and monitoring of health. The presented concept leverages on people's self-reflection, empathetic interactions with smart objects, and HCI applications to reach transformative insight and Self-Knowledge. The particular emphasis is on evaluating needed variables within the processes of Personal-Informatics, Self-Reflection, and Realizing Empathy found as gaps in fields contributing to Self-tracking and analysis. After those variables were translated into designed, interactive, smart behaviors, tests were done to verify their initial effectiveness a new method for visualizing and understanding one's own data measurement, encouraging the person to Self-Reflect. The concept is contextualized within a dieting or body regime experience.
Design and estimation for the national health interview survey, 2006-2015.

OBJECTIVES This report presents an overview, a detailed description of the sample design features, and estimation structures for the 2006-2015 National Health Interview Survey NHIS). It fulfills the same role for the current 2006-2015 NHIS design as NCHS Series 2, No. 130, "Design and Estimation for the National Health Interview Survey, 1995-2004" provided for the previous design, which was extended through 2005. METHODS The 2006-2015 NHIS sample design uses cost-effective complex sampling techniques including stratification, clustering, and differential sampling rates to achieve several objectives, among them improved reliability of racial, ethnic, and geographical domains. This report describes these methods. RESULTS This report presents operating characteristics of NHIS 2006-2015. The general sampling structure is presented, along with a discussion of weighting and variance estimation techniques. This report is intended for general users of NHIS data systems.