Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Qualidade de vida e saúde: aspectos conceituais e metodológicos

The quality of life (QL) concept has led to extensive scientific research and has been increasingly used by health care professionals treating a wide range of diseases. This paper addresses the historical use of the concept and specific issues linked to conceptual and methodological aspects of the QL construct within the health care context. Reviewing the literature, two aspects stand out: subjectivity and multidimensionality. In the methodological field, the construction and/or adaptation of QL measurement instruments appear as a significant trend. Theoretical and methodological efforts have helped clarify and improve the concept's adequacy. The QL construct is definitely interdisciplinary, encompassing contributions by different areas of knowledge and research, thereby improving its conceptual and methodological potential as a research instrument. Therefore, use of the concept can actually help improve both the quality and the integrated, multidimensional nature of health care from a perspective that views the latter as a basic citizen's right.
On the Hardness of Probabilistic Inference Relaxations

A promising approach to probabilistic inference that has attracted recent attention exploits its reduction to a set of model counting queries. Since probabilistic inference and model counting are #P-hard, various relaxations are used in practice, with the hope that these relaxations allow efficient computation while also providing rigorous approximation guarantees. In this paper, we show that contrary to common belief, several relaxations used for model counting and its applications (including probablistic inference) do not really lead to computational efficiency in a complexity theoretic sense. Our arguments proceed by showing the corresponding relaxed notions of counting to be computationally hard. We argue that approximate counting with multiplicative tolerance and probabilistic guarantees of correctness is the only class of relaxations that provably simplifies the problem, given access to an NP-oracle. Finally, we show that for applications that compare probability estimates with a threshold, a new notion of relaxation with gaps between low and high thresholds can be used. This new relaxation allows efficient decision making in practice, given access to an NP-oracle, while also bounding the approximation error.
Accreditation of Medical Laboratories in Europe: Statutory Framework, Current Situation and Perspectives

Due to economic and technological changes in laboratory medicine that go along with new regulatory requirements in the field of medical devices, the implementation of quality systems in medical laboratories has broadly expanded within Europe during the last decade. In the context of the New Approach, the competence of medical laboratories is of decisive importance for premarket conformity assessment of medical devices including in vitro diagnostics and should be confirmed by accreditation. Although EN ISO/IEC 17025 and EN ISO 15189 provide useful requirements for laboratory testing, these standards are insufficient for giving full presumption of conformity in connection with requirements set by European directives. Additional regulatory documents and standards as the CTS and EN 13612 should be considered. Although accreditation in most European countries is voluntary, the requirement for implementation of quality management systems in medical laboratories has been introduced into the national legislation of many Central and Western European countries. Along with this development, accreditation according to EN ISO/IEC 17025 and, since 2003 according to EN ISO 15189, constitutes the main external quality assessment procedure for medical laboratories. Perspectives for accreditation will mainly be influenced by the currently performed changes of the medical devices directive 93/42/EEC and the review of the New Approach.
New methods based on mRMR_LSSVM and mRMR_KNN for diagnosis of breast cancer from microscopic and mammography images of some patients

The aim of this study is to determine cancerous lesions in light microscopic and mammographic images taken from some patients. In this study, 23 features are used. These features obtained 92 features by rotating in variety of angles. Structure of the study composes three steps. These are feature select step, classification step and testing stage. In feature select step, optimal feature subset using minimum redundancy and maximum relevance via mutual information (mRMR) have been found. In classification step, Least Square Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) and fuzzy k-nearest neighbour (KNN) are used. For validation of the proposed methods accuracy rates are found. These accuracy rates, with mRMR_KNN, have obtained 100% and 98.33% in microscopic and mammographic images respectively. With mRMR_LSSVM 100% and 96.67% accuracies are obtained in microscopic and mammographic images respectively. When these microscopic and mammography images have been combined, mRMR_KNN and mRMR_LSSVM methods have found 100% and 100% accuracy rate respectively.
A fast ray-tracing technique for TCT and ECT studies

In transmission computed tomography (TCT) and emission computed tomography (ECT) studies, a common geometric problem is to trace those voxels along a certain projection ray. It is a time consuming task due to enormous number of voxels on each ray and enormous number of rays involved for the tomographic studies. A straight-forward ray-tracing technique would require computing time that scales with the array size N/sup 3/. Siddon (1986) proposed a fast method to trace the rays whose computing time scales with 3N. In this study, a refinement to Siddon's algorithm is investigated. In Siddon's algorithm, the index of each voxel along a ray and the intersecting length of that ray within that voxel are computed by four multiplications, which consumes 53% of the total computing time for a typical tomographic study involving an array of 21/sup 3/ points. By the authors' new algorithm described in this article, three multiplications of Siddon's method for computing the voxel indices are replaced by an increment or decrement operation. The fourth multiplication for computing the voxel intersecting lengths is eliminated by carefully selecting a factor to parameterize the rays. Simulation studies on randomly generated projection rays in a N/sup 3/. voxel array of N=21, 64, 128, 256, 384 and 512 showed a decrease of approximately 2/3 in total computing time in tracing the rays.
Axillary or Forearm Crutches: Comparing Postural Sway in Single Leg Stance and Perceptions of Safety

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare velocity of postural sway during single leg stance during use of axillary and forearm crutches and subjects' perceptions of preference, comfort and safety between crutch types. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects stood on a NeuroCom Balance Master® force platform with randomly chosen crutch types. Using crutches, each subject stood on one leg while sway velocity of the center of gravity (COG) was measured for 3 trials of ten‐second duration. This was repeated with the opposite leg. This sequence was repeated with the other crutch type. Subjects responded to a written survey regarding preference, comfort and safety between crutch types. Results: In single leg stance on the leg opposite of subjects' handedness, a significantly greater sway velocity occurred with forearm crutches than with axillary crutches in all three trials. Seventy percent of subjects perceived axillary crutches as being safer (p = .028). Conclusions: The greater sway velocity with forearm compared with axillary crutches may provide initial objective data to partially support claims that axillary crutches are more stable than forearm crutches. Axillary crutches may also be perceived as safer.
Bathing in Public in the Roman World

For Romans, bathing was a social event. Public baths, in fact, were one of the few places where large numbers of Romans gathered daily in an informal context. They went to meet friends, drink wine, pick up sexual partners, and generally while away the idle afternoon hours. Despite the disapproval of the morally superior, the popularity of the baths endured for over a millennium and spread to every corner of the Roman world. This book is the first to study the Roman public bathing experience primarily as a historical, social, and cultural phenomenon rather than a technological or architectural one.
Drone Detection with Chirp‐Pulse Radar Based on Target Fluctuation Models

This paper presents a pulse radar system to detect drones based on a target fluctuation model, specifically the Swerling target model. Because drones are small atypical objects and are mainly composed of non‐conducting materials, their radar cross‐section value is low and fluctuating. Therefore, determining the target fluctuation model and applying a proper integration method are important. The proposed system is herein experimentally verified and the results are discussed. A prototype design of the pulse radar system is based on radar equations. It adopts three different pulse modes and a coherent pulse integration to ensure a high signal‐to‐noise ratio. Outdoor measurements are performed with a prototype radar system to detect Doppler frequencies from both the drone frame and blades. The results indicate that the drone frame and blades are detected within an instrumental maximum range. Additionally, the results show that the drone's frame and blades are close to the Swerling 3 and 4 target models, respectively. By the analysis of the Swerling target models, proper integration methods for detecting drones are verified and can thus contribute to increasing in detectability.
Small Fixed-wing Aerial Positioning Using Inter-vehicle Ranging Combined with Visual Odometry

There has been increasing interest in developing the ability for small unmanned aerial systems (SUAS) to be able to operate in environments where GPS is not available. Visual odometry (VO) approaches have been demonstrated which provide a form of dead reckoning, but do not determine absolute position. If we consider the scenario where a higher flying aircraft is providing range updates to a lower flying GPS-denied SUAS, and the higher flying aircraft knows its position, the higher flying aircraft can provide absolute position information to the lower flying SUAS. A single range however, is not sufficient for the SUAS to solve for its position as it does not provide full 3-D position information. This thesis investigates the use of a combination of both ranging to a single aircraft and VO to determine an absolute navigation solution. It is demonstrated that a ranging update combined with an aircraft motion model and VO can greatly improve the accuracy of a SUASs estimated position in a denied GPS environment. Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components and a simplified position estimation algorithm were used to estimate the SUASs position. A SUAS fitted with a non-GPS Pixhawk autopilot, a downward facing monocular camera, and a RF ranging device were used to collect real-time flight data. A second SUAS was used to provide RF ranging from a known loiter position. Attitude, bodyaxis rates, and airspeed data were fed into a simplified aircraft motion model using an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for estimation. Using the downward facing camera, VO provided velocity corrections to the aircraft motion model states. Ranging data from a simulated aircraft with a known trajectory was used to update the motion models position estimation resulting in greater position accuracy then the aircraft model and VO alone. iv
Infectious Diarrhoea with SIRS from Yokenella regensburgei

Copyright: © 2017 Milori A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Infectious Diarrhoea with SIRS from Yokenella regensburgei Milori A1*, Miliori E2, Gkatsis I3, Koletti GB3, Vogiatzi A3, and Paulou A1 1Department of Microbiology, Hatzikosta Hospital Messolonghi, Greece 2School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece 3Department of Internal Medicine, Hatzikosta Hospital Messolonghi, Greece
Analysis of Operating Systems and Browsers: A Usage Metrics

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the growth of FOSS and proprietary operating systems and browsing software used in computers and various types of mobile phone devices around the world. Design/methodology/approach – The data is gathered from StatCounter (http://gs.statcounter.com) one of the biggest web analytics service. The collected data is analysed keeping objectives of the study in view. Findings – It offers a thorough insight of yearly and cumulative growth of software industry. As for as OS market is concerned Mac OSX and Linux have increased their share. Linux has increased from 0.69% in 2009 to 0.78% in 2010. Accordingly year wise growth of mobile operating systems show iOS is losing its market share by dipping to 25.48% in 2010 from 34.01% in 2009, while as BlackBerry and Android have increased their share by 8.34% and 6.41% respectively. Browser Internet Explorer (IE) is showing declining trend with 52.77% share in May, 2010 against 44.52% in April, 2011, whereas Firefox is maintaining a study trend during same period with 31.64% share in May, 2010 with slight depreciation (29.67%) in May, 2011. However, in mobile browser arena all the browsers are showing a declining trend in 2010 when compared to 2009 except Android, BlackBerry, Samsung and NetFront. BlackBerry has increased by 8.15% and Androidan open source mobile browser has increased its market share by 6.63% augurs well for FOSS movement.
Data-driven modelling of shape structure

In recent years, the study of shape structure has shown great promise, by taking steps towards exposing shape semantics and functionality to algorithms spanning a wide range of areas in computer graphics and vision. By shape structure, we refer to the set of parts that make a shape, the relations between these parts, and the ways in which they correspond and vary between shapes of the same family. These developments have been largely driven by the abundance of 3D data, with collections of 3D models becoming increasingly prominent and websites such as Trimble 3D Warehouse offering millions of free 3D models to the public. The ability to use large amounts of data inside these shape collections for discovering shape structure has made novel approaches to acquisition, modelling, fabrication, and recognition of 3D objects possible. Discovering and modelling the structure of shapes using such data is therefore of great importance. In this thesis we address the problem of discovering and modelling shape structure from large, diverse and unorganized shape collections. Our hypothesis is that by using the large amounts of data inside such shape collections we can discover and model shape structure, and thus use such information to enable structure-aware tools for 3D modelling, including shape exploration, synthesis and editing. We make three key contributions. First, we propose an efficient algorithm for co-aligning large and diverse collections of shapes, to tackle the first challenge in detecting shape structure, which is to place shapes in a common coordinate frame. Then, we introduce a method to parameterize shapes in terms of locations and sizes of their parts, and we demonstrate its application to concurrently exploring a shape collection and synthesizing new shapes. Finally, we define a meta-representation for a shape family, which models the relations of shape parts to capture the main geometric characteristics of the family, and we demonstrate how it can be used to explore shape collections and intelligently edit shapes.
Google Cardboard：伟大的搅局者

按照业界目前主流的“小道观点”，2014年，Google I／O发布Cardboard（如图1所示）的主要目的就是想告诉Facebook：“你买贵了! ”[注：此前，Facebook以204L美元的价格收购了沉浸式虚拟现实技术公OculusVR]其实Cardboard这种插手机的头戴显示器很多年前就有了。
Analysis of the Change in Fatty Degeneration of the Rotator Cuff and Its Influence on the Outcome of Rotator Cuff Repair

Purpose: To analyze the changes in fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff after its repair as well as the effect of fatty degeneration on the functional and anatomical outcomes. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 107 patients (mean age=58.7 years), who had undergone a repair of rotator cuff tears, were reviewed. The mean follow-up period was 16 months. The following parameters were evaluated: the functional outcomes, including the American shoulder and elbow surgeons (ASES) score, Constant score and muscle power; preoperative and postoperative fatty degeneration of the rotator cuffs, including supraspinatus, infraspinatus and subscapularis; and the cuff integrity. Results: Both the ASES and Constant scores were improved significantly postoperatively. The re-tear rate was 19.6%. The overall rate of satisfactory results was 88.8%. Fatty degeneration progressed in 25 cases (22.4%) and regressed in three (2.8%). More progression was observed in older (p=0.016) and re-tear (p=0.011) patients. The ASES score had a significant relationship with the preoperative fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus, whereas the Constant score was associated with the fatty degeneration of all three muscles. Conclusion: Greater progression of fatty degeneration was observed in older and re-tear patients. The functional outcomes were better in the less severe fatty degeneration group.
Project-Based Learning in a Technologically Enhanced Learning Environment for Second Language Learners: Students' Perceptions

This article presents a new approach to English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course design. Situated in the context of an English-medium university in Hong Kong, the article describes an undergraduate course in English for science, which focused not only on traditional academic genres but also engaged students in the creation of a multimodal scientific documentary via a digital video project. As part of this project, students carried out a simple scientific experiment, documenting procedures, results and interpretation in the form of a digital video uploaded and shared through YouTube. This method of presenting scientific information not only engaged students in novel, multimodal forms of representation, but also involved them in an online learning community consisting of their tutor, classmates, other peers as well a wider Internet audience. This use of multimodal scientific documentaries as a pedagogical tool in EAP is reported with reference to data drawn from a student questionnaire, interviews with students, and students' comments in a course weblog. The findings show that the students perceived both linguistic and technical value in the construction and sharing of their multimodal documentaries.
Control design and dynamic performance analysis of a wind turbine-induction generator unit

This paper presents the modeling and control design for a wind energy conversion scheme using induction generators. The scheme consists of a three-phase induction generator driven by a horizontal axis wind turbine and interfaced to the utility through a double overhead transmission line. A static VAr compensator was connected at the induction generator terminals to regulate its voltage. The mechanical power input was controlled using the blade pitch-angle. Both state and output feedback controllers are designed using MATLAB software to regulate the generator output. From the simulation results, the response of closed loop system exhibited a good damping and fast recovery under different type of large disturbances.
Finding Sentiment Dimension in Vector Space of Movie Reviews: An Unsupervised Approach

This study suggests an unsupervised method to find sentiment orienations of the words in Korean movie reviews. The orientations are represented as real values on a sentiment domain, which is derived from high-dimensional vector space for the movie reviews. To search for the dimension, the Pointwise Mutual Information is first used to select a set of words that are close to common modifiers; The phrases comprised of these words often form good/ bad associations (e.g., “good acting”, “terrible acting”). A neural language model (Word2Vec) is then used to calculate the point-wise similarity distances between the chosen words and, dimensionality reduction algorithms (e.g., PCA, MDS) are employed to find the axis of the sentiment orientations. Finally, the performance of our method is measured by unsupervised classification of the two movie reviews based on the orientation values. According to the results, the best accuracy achieves 66% and 76% for the two datasets.
Improving predictive maintenance classifiers of industrial sensors' data using entropy. A case study

The increase in the availability of sensors' data in manufacturing (Industrial Internet of Things, IIOT) poses the challenge on how best to use this information. One of the emerging applications of data analysis in this field is predictive maintenance: being able to identify when and why a certain component breaks down and empower early intervention to prevent breakdowns. Imbalanced datasets literature shows that tree models perform better with entropy splits than Gini index splits. Entropy measures applied in previous studies in the domain of industrial sensors' data include not only Shannon's but also Renyi and Tsallis. This paper looks at the performance of classifocation trees using different entropies applied to the Scania trucks dataset. In this case, the best performing tree is a C5:0 model but we confirm that Renyi and Tsallis entropy trees can improve classification of the minority class in the data without excessively penalising the classification of the majority class. These models can therefore help to prevent companies costs by improving the identification of possible failures and avoiding unnecessary interventions on well-working equipment.
INTERPRETASI KONTEKSTUAL ABDULLAH SAEED: SEBUAH PENYEMPURNAAN TERHADAP GAGASAN TAFSIR FAZLUR RAHMAN

Artikel ini mengekplorasikan tentang pemikiran Abdullah Saeed tentang interpretasi kontekstual. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menjawab kegelisahan Saeed sendiri maraknya tafsir tekstual-literal. Sebagai tandingan dari kecenderungan itu, dia menawarkan tafsir kontekstual yang mengambil banyak inspirasi dari Rahman. Sedangkan, fokus penafsiran Saeed adalah kepada ayat-ayat etika hukum. Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya upaya yang dilakukan Saeed dalam mengembangkan tafsir kontekstual ini, meskipun tidak secara eksplisit dinyatakannya sebagai pelanjut kerja Rahman tapi jejak-jejaknya bisa ditemui dengan jelas pada pemikirannya. Saeed telah menerjemahkan gagasan Rahman dalam kerangka kerja yang lebih rigid. Kemudian, melalui hirarki nilainya, dengan berangkat dari inspirasi pemikiran klasik dan Rahman, dia telah menyelesaikan persoalan berkaitan dengan penentuan mana makna yang universal dan yang partikular. Di sinilah sesungguhnya sumbangan Saeed dalam kancah pemikiran kontemporer, khususnya di antara kaum kontekstualis.