Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concepts of Trait and Personality

Bibliographies by May and Hartshorne (25), Manson (23), and Roback (34) bear out the statement of G. B. Watson (42) that " It is almost impossible to find a trait for which an adjective exists which has not been approached with some degree of suggestive investigation. " Confusion has arisen from the fact that these investigations, with their ambition to determine magnitudes, give only an occasional glance at problems of terminology and theory.
Effects of immunosuppression on avian coccidiosis: cyclosporin A but not hormonal bursectomy abrogates host protective immunity

The effects of cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment and hormonal bursectomy on Eimeria tenella infection of chickens were investigated to evaluate the role of humoral antibody and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in the host protective immunity to an intestinal protozoan disease, coccidiosis. Hormonal bursectomy had no significant effect on the host response to E. tenella. CsA treatment had a differential effect on the course of disease depending on how CsA was given relative to infection. Daily administration of CsA for 7 days beginning 1 day before primary infection with E. tenella enhanced disease resistance, whereas a single dose of CsA given before primary infection enhanced disease susceptibility compared with that of untreated controls. Chickens treated with CsA during the primary infection were resistant to reinfection at 5 weeks post-primary infection. Treatment of chickens immune to E. tenella with CsA at the time of secondary infection abrogated their resistance to reinfection despite the presence of high levels of coccidia-specific secretory immunoglobulin A and serum immunoglobulin G. Splenic lymphocytes obtained after CsA treatment demonstrated a substantially depressed concanavalin A response, but not a depressed lipopolysaccharide response. Because CsA was not directly toxic to parasites in vivo when administered during the secondary infection, these results suggest that CsA interacts with the immune system to allow priming during the primary infection, while interfering with the effector function of CMI during the secondary infection. Taken together, present findings indicate that CMI plays a major role in host protective immunity to E. tenella.
ViViD++ : Vision for Visibility Dataset

In this letter, we present a dataset capturing diverse visual data formats that target varying luminance conditions. While RGB cameras provide nourishing and intuitive information, changes in lighting conditions potentially result in catastrophic failure for robotic applications based on vision sensors. Approaches overcoming illumination problems have included developing more robust algorithms or other types of visual sensors, such as thermal and event cameras. Despite the alternative sensors’ potential, there still are few datasets with alternative vision sensors. Thus, we provided a dataset recorded from alternative vision sensors, by handheld or mounted on a car, repeatedly in the same space but in different conditions. We aim to acquire visible information from co-aligned alternative vision sensors. Our sensor system collects data more independently from visible light intensity by measuring the amount of infrared dissipation, depth by structured reflection, and instantaneous temporal changes in luminance. We provide these measurements along with inertial sensors and ground-truth for developing robust visual SLAM under poor illumination.
Annexin-1 is abnormally expressed in fragile X syndrome: two-dimensional electrophoresis study in lymphocytes.

The search for targets of FMRP (the product of FMR1, the mutated gene in Fragile X syndrome) has predominantly focused on identifying transcripts that are regulated by this RNA-binding protein. This study introduces the use of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D PAGE) as a novel approach for demonstrating changes in protein synthesis secondary to FMRP deficit. By a standardized 2D PAGE protocol, we studied leukocyte homogenates from 30 males with different patterns of FMR1 mutation and different levels of FMRP. Samples from these subjects were compared to those of 12 normal control males and eight subjects with other mental retardation-associated conditions (i.e., Rett and Down syndromes). We found an abnormal pattern of a major leukocytic protein, identified by 2D PAGE datasets and immunoblotting as annexin-1 (Anx-1). Anx-1 appeared in subjects with Fragile X as multiple rather than 1-2 spots, at approximately 37 kd, in the pI 5-7 range. The presence and intensity of this Anx-1 pattern was relatively independent of Anx-1 levels and inversely related to total and high MW FMRP immunoreactivities. Based on the 2D PAGE pattern, without obvious MW change, and on dephosphorylation assays, we concluded that Anx-1's abnormality represents an aberrant posttranslational modification other than phosphorylation. Comparisons of our data with published cytoskeletal protein 2D profiles suggest that Anx-1 may be abnormally acetylated and, consequently, incapable of establishing appropriate N-terminal protein-protein interactions. In addition to its peripheral anti-inflammatory function, Anx-1 mediates glucocorticoid inhibition of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. As the latter seems to be disrupted in Fragile X syndrome, the reported Anx-1 abnormality could be responsible for some aspects of the Fragile X neurobehavioral phenotype. Our data also emphasize the feasibility of using 2D PAGE for disclosing molecular abnormalities in Fragile X and other genetic disorders.
SIGUA: Forgetting May Make Learning with Noisy Labels More Robust

Given data with noisy labels, over-parameterized deep networks can gradually memorize the data, and fit everything in the end. Although equipped with corrections for noisy labels, many learning methods in this area still suffer overfitting due to undesired memorization. In this paper, to relieve this issue, we propose stochastic integrated gradient underweighted ascent (SIGUA): in a mini-batch, we adopt gradient descent on good data as usual, and learning-rate-reduced gradient ascent on bad data; the proposal is a versatile approach where data goodness or badness is w.r. t. desired or undesired memorization given a base learning method. Technically, SIGUA pulls optimization back for generalization when their goals conflict with each other; philosophically, SIGUA shows forgetting undesired memorization can reinforce desired memorization. Experiments demonstrate that SIGUA successfully robustifies two typical base learning methods, so that their performance is often significantly improved.
Development of the anesthesiology educational milestones.

In the Next Accreditation System, resident performance and progression assessed through educational Milestones will be used as 1 of a number of quality indicators to evaluate the educational effectiveness of residency programs. The Anesthesiology Milestones will be used to measure the success of individual anesthesiology residents in achieving expected goals of training, and the effectiveness of the residency program will in part be evaluated based on aggregated Milestone performance data. Box Members of the Anesthesiology Milestone Working Group Deborah J. Culley, MD, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Chair Neal Cohen, MD, MPH, MS, University of California, San Francisco Steven Hall, MD, FAAP, Northwestern University Catherine Kuhn, MD, Duke University Loraine Lewis, EdD, RD, Executive Director, Anesthesiology RRC Linda Mason, MD, Loma Linda University Steven P. Nestler, PhD, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Consultant Rita M. Patel, MD, University of Pittsburgh Scott A. Schartel, DO, Temple University Brian Waldschmidt, MD, Resident Member, University of California, San Francisco Mark Warner, MD, Mayo Clinic Margaret Wood, MD, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
Cell-mediated and direct gene therapy for bone regeneration

Introduction: Bone regeneration is required for the treatment of fracture non/delayed-unions and bone defects. However, most current treatment modalities have limited efficacy, and newer therapeutic strategies, such as gene therapy, have substantial benefit for bone repair and regeneration. Areas covered: This review discusses experimental and clinical applications of cell-mediated and direct gene therapy for bone regeneration. The review covers literature on this subject from 2000 to February 2012. Expert opinion: Direct gene therapy using various viral and non-viral vectors of cell-mediated genes has been demonstrated to induce bone regeneration, although use of such vectors has shown some risk in human application. Osteoinductive capability of a number of progenitor cells isolated from bone marrow, fat, muscle and skin tissues, has been demonstrated by genetic modification with osteogenic genes. Cell-mediated gene therapy using such osteogenic gene-expressing progenitor cells has shown promising results in promoting bone regeneration in extensive animal work in recent years.
The Second International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction

The second international conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI-2007) was held in Arlington, Virginia, March 9-11, 2007. The theme of the conference was "Robot as Team Member" and included posters and paper presentations on teamwork, social robotics, adaptation, observation and metrics, attention, user experience, and field testing. One hundred seventy-five researchers and practitioners attended the conference, and many more contributed to the conference as authors or reviewers. HRI-2008 will be held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands from March 12-15, 2008.
Joint technique of fine object boundary recovery and foreground image deblur for video including moving objects

Capturing large-scale outdoor scene by video camera becomes common for various purposes, such as city modeling, surveillance, etc., and demand of recovering high quality image from video data is increasing. Because outdoor scene includes several barriers with multiple depths and motions, e.g., cars or fences, simply applying motion deblur technique to each frame makes some noise. Furthermore, since color is mixed with foreground and background object near occluding boundary, color separation method during deblurring process is needed to restore the objects. In this paper, we propose a method to recover original boundary of foreground object from multiple blurred input images of video data. By using the refined object boundary, artifact around the border is reduced and accurate deblurring in the whole image is performed. Since both techniques are based on statistical method, quality of recovered image becomes better, if a number of input image increases. Experimental results are shown to prove that our method successfully recovers the deblurred image even if there are severe motion blur and color mixture near occluding boundary.
Epigenetic Activation of Tumor Suppressor MicroRNAs in Human Cancer Cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as endogenous post-transcriptional silencers of target genes. miRNAs are expressed in a tissue specific manner and play important roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation during animal development. Recent studies have shown a distinct connection between aberrant expression of miRNAs and the development of cancer, suggesting that miRNAs can be potential therapeutic targets. Our recent study has shown that some miRNAs are controlled by epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modification in human cancer cells. Activation of tumor suppressor miRNAs by chromatin modifying drugs may cause downregulation of target oncogenes and could be a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of human cancer.
Customer Profitability Analysis and Market Valuation : Differential Pricing and the Comparative Profitability of Major Customer Sales

In this study, I investigate whether inferences drawn from customer profitability analysis (CPA) are associated with the information set used by investors valuing firms’ equity. This research question is motivated by the recent emergence of CPA as the most important aspect of strategic planning for managers (e.g., Foster and Young 1997). To the extent that managers use CPA in developing strategies to devote more (less) effort to more (less) profitable customer segments, information about differential profit margins across segments of customer revenues should be value relevant in efficient capital markets. Given that firms generally do not disclose customer profitability details, I use observed income statement data and SFAS 14/131 disclosures to estimate the differential profitability of firms’ major customer sales and non-major customer sales. Using these estimates, I then test whether the association between share prices and major customer profitability is more (less) positive compared to the pricing of non-major customer profitability when major customer sales yield comparatively higher (lower) profit margins. Based on a sample of 20,527 firm-years disclosing major customer sales during 1980 – 2006, I find evidence consistent with the predictions. This study is the first to systematically examine the value relevance of customer-contributed components of income and adds to the literature bridging management accounting and capital markets research (e.g., Banker and Chen 2006; Hemmer and Labro 2008). Furthermore, my results have implications for i) management accounting research concerned with understanding the valuation consequences of CPA and its potential impact on future management behavior; ii) financial accounting research concerned with the informativeness of disaggregated accounting information used by managers for resource allocation decisions; and 3) research interested in the financial effects of significant seller-buyer relationships.
Barcoded medication administration: a last line of defense.

PREVENTABLE ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS (ADES) GENERate an estimated $2 billion in direct hospital costs each year and are a substantial source of morbidity and mortality. The 2 processes from which preventable ADEs most commonly arise are medication prescribing and administration. A physician order for penicillin for a patient with a known penicillin allergy is an example of the former, whereas the latter is illustrated by the erroneous administration of 100 units of insulin when 10 were ordered. There has been considerable attention devoted to reducing prescribing error with systematic solutions such as computerized physician order entry, electronic decision support, and pharmacist presence during physician rounds. None of these solutions, however, reduces medication administration errors, which account for 34% of preventable ADEs. Although occasionally attracting media attention, fines, and legal action, these errors are difficult to identify and almost never intercepted. Traditionally, the vigilance of nurses has been the predominant protection against medication administration errors, without any systematic safeguard to ensure that the “5 rights” (right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time) are achieved for billions of medication doses each year. When they do occur, errors in medication administration can be traumatic experiences for the nurses involved, with significant personal and professional consequences. Barcoded medication administration (BCMA) systems are a last line of defense against medication errors and warrant greater advocacy and implementation. Just as couriers are empowered with barcodes to track their packages to safe delivery, so too can nurses be empowered with barcodes to ensure the safe administration of medications to patients.
Clinical Evaluation of the BD FACSPresto™ Near-Patient CD4 Counter in Kenya

Background The BD FACSPresto™ Near-Patient CD4 Counter was developed to expand HIV/AIDS management in resource-limited settings. It measures absolute CD4 counts (AbsCD4), percent CD4 (%CD4), and hemoglobin (Hb) from a single drop of capillary or venous blood in approximately 23 minutes, with throughput of 10 samples per hour. We assessed the performance of the BD FACSPresto system, evaluating accuracy, stability, linearity, precision, and reference intervals using capillary and venous blood at KEMRI/CDC HIV-research laboratory, Kisumu, Kenya, and precision and linearity at BD Biosciences, California, USA. Methods For accuracy, venous samples were tested using the BD FACSCalibur™ instrument with BD Tritest™ CD3/CD4/CD45 reagent, BD Trucount™ tubes, and BD Multiset™ software for AbsCD4 and %CD4, and the Sysmex™ KX-21N for Hb. Stability studies evaluated duration of staining (18–120-minute incubation), and effects of venous blood storage <6–24 hours post-draw. A normal cohort was tested for reference intervals. Precision covered multiple days, operators, and instruments. Linearity required mixing two pools of samples, to obtain evenly spaced concentrations for AbsCD4, total lymphocytes, and Hb. Results AbsCD4 and %CD4 venous/capillary (N = 189/ N = 162) accuracy results gave Deming regression slopes within 0.97–1.03 and R2 ≥0.96. For Hb, Deming regression results were R2 ≥0.94 and slope ≥0.94 for both venous and capillary samples. Stability varied within 10% 2 hours after staining and for venous blood stored less than 24 hours. Reference intervals results showed that gender—but not age—differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). Precision results had <3.5% coefficient of variation for AbsCD4, %CD4, and Hb, except for low AbsCD4 samples (<6.8%). Linearity was 42–4,897 cells/μL for AbsCD4, 182–11,704 cells/μL for total lymphocytes, and 2–24 g/dL for Hb. Conclusions The BD FACSPresto system provides accurate, precise clinical results for capillary or venous blood samples and is suitable for near-patient CD4 testing. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02396355
Species Synchrony and Its Drivers: Neutral and Nonneutral Community Dynamics in Fluctuating Environments

Independent species fluctuations are commonly used as a null hypothesis to test the role of competition and niche differences between species in community stability. This hypothesis, however, is unrealistic because it ignores the forces that contribute to synchronization of population dynamics. Here we present a mechanistic neutral model that describes the dynamics of a community of equivalent species under the joint influence of density dependence, environmental forcing, and demographic stochasticity. We also introduce a new standardized measure of species synchrony in multispecies communities. We show that the per capita population growth rates of equivalent species are strongly synchronized, especially when endogenous population dynamics are cyclic or chaotic, while their long‐term fluctuations in population sizes are desynchronized by ecological drift. We then generalize our model to nonneutral dynamics by incorporating temporal and nontemporal forms of niche differentiation. Niche differentiation consistently decreases the synchrony of species per capita population growth rates, while its effects on the synchrony of population sizes are more complex. Comparing the observed synchrony of species per capita population growth rates with that predicted by the neutral model potentially provides a simple test of deterministic asynchrony in a community.
Characterization of Urban Storm Water Quality for DifferentLand uses in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

Urbanization results increased fraction of impervious surfaces, which leads to the generation of pollutants through various anthropogenic activities during dry periods and washout these pollutants during rainfall events that finally enter into the receiving water bodies. This further deteriorate the water quality and unbalance the aquatic ecosystem. Hence, characterization of urban stormwater quality is critically important for selecting a suitable treatment system to safeguard the receiving water sources. The paper focused on the analysis of urban stormwater quality parameters (e.g., pH, turbidity, electric conductivity (EC), suspended solids (SS) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) for three different land uses such as residential, commercial and, industrial. The stormwater samples were collected from three different land-use areas in Rajshahi City. The laboratory test results showed that SS, turbidity, EC were found significant for industrial areas where pH and BOD show higher value in residential and industrial areas, respectively. The study results will provide guidelines to the stormwater management authority for the selection of suitable treatment systems to protect the receiving water quality for different land types in Rajshahi city.
Ellagitannins from Geranium potentillaefolium and G. bellum

The aerial parts of Geranium potentillaefoium afforded geraniin (1), corilagin (2), gallic acid (4), methyl gallate (6), methyl brevifolincarboxylate (7), quercetin, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-[6″-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside, kaempferol, β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and β-sitosterol, while the aerial parts of G. bellum gave the same compounds in addition to kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated instead of kaempferol. The substances were identified by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in comparison with published data. The water decoction preparations from air-dried plant materials (2.5 g) contain ca. 4.6 % of the ellagitannin 1, envisaging that when such decoction is ingested (250 mL), a therapeutic dose of ca. 36 mg of the antitumor ellagic acid (3) may be incorporated into the organism.
Disease Protein Prediction with Graph Convolutional Networks

Human phenotypes – i.e. our characteristics, conditions and diseases – are not merely a product of our genetic constitution, but rather arise out of an intricate system of interactions between the proteins and other molecules in our cells. 1 This fact has inspired a huge effort to document and understand the network of those protein-protein interactions which we’ll refer to collectively as the protein-protein interaction network or the human interactome. The proteinprotein interaction network can be intuitively represented as an undirected graph: the nodes are proteins and each edge represents a binary physical interaction between proteins.
Grounding Human-Robot Dialogue in Environment Sensors to help Elderly in Activities of Daily Living

The older population is set to more than double by 2050 worldwide, and conversational robots can play an essential role in improving their quality of life. In the last decade, there has been huge progress in the development of virtual healthcare assistants and social robots, with emphasis on grounding natu-ral language commands from the human to the agent and having an engaging conversation for setting medical reminders and functioning as a companion. Conversational robot coaching dialogue systems can be used to help the elderly with Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). In this paper, we provide a proof of concept implementation of a context-aware multi-modal dialogue manager for robots that aim to help the elderly complete the ADLs safely. Our implementation interacts with the human and develops context-awareness by grounding dialogue in the sensory information received. It then fuses the current context with the user intent to learn a policy for carrying out a conversation with the elderly and guiding them in safely completing the sequential ADL task. We provide initial simulation results of our dialogue manager and show that a real physical robot can ground dialogue in information about the environment, assisting the human in completing their task of cooking safely with a success rate of 73 %.