Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morfometría del cerdo de traspatio en áreas rurales de México

Data from 241 interviews collected in 2013 was analyzed to characterize populations of pigs (Mexican Hairless Pig (MH), Cuino Pig (CU) and Crossbred Pig (UD)). Variables were body weight (BW), head length (HL), body length (BL), thoracic perimeter (CG), height at withers (HW), croup width (RW), number of nipples (TC), dense or sparse hair (HD), presence or absence of tusks (TU), short or long snout (ST), upright or floppy ears (ER), calm or restless temperament (TM), proportionality index (PI), body index (BI) and relative weight index (RWI). Analyses were carried out with GLM and GENMOD of SAS. Models included state and population. Population was significant (P<0.05) for BW, BL, CG, HW, RW, TU, TM, PI, BI and RWI. Coefficients of variation (VC) showed the minor and major values for BW (18.8 %) and CG (27.8 %). VC were 13.0, 14.6 and 45.8 % for PI, BI and RWI. Least squares means for MH, CU and UD were: 48.06±6.17a, 35.93±3.04b and 61.11±7.42a kg (BW); 77.81±3.65ab, 69.56±2.02a and 88.52±4.93b cm (BL); 80.55±3.98ab, 71.72±2.20a and 93.23±5.37b cm (CG); 56.88±2.45ab, 51.26±1.36a and 60.32±3.31b cm (HW); 57±4a, 71±19b and 62±34a % (HD); 68±31ab, 70±14a and 61±27b% (TU); 65±30a, 56±12b and 62±3a% (TM). The MH and UD populations were similar in morphometry and different from the CU population. The CU population showed lower weight, smaller size and calmer temperament. The characterization of these populations is important for designing strategies for their conservation and efficient use. Data from 241 interviews collected in 2013 was analyzed to characterize populations of pigs (Mexican Hairless Pig (MH), Cuino Pig (CU) and Crossbred Pig (UD)). Variables were body weight (BW), head length (HL), body length (BL), thoracic perimeter (CG), height at withers (HW), croup width (RW), number of nipples (TC), dense or sparse hair (HD), presence or absence of tusks (TU), short or long snout (ST), upright or floppy ears (ER), calm or restless temperament (TM), proportionality index (PI), body index (BI) and relative weight index (RWI). Analyses were carried out with GLM and GENMOD of SAS. Models included state and population. Population was significant (P<0.05) for BW, BL, CG, HW, RW, TU, TM, PI, BI and RWI. Coefficients of variation (VC) showed the minor and major values for BW (18.8 %) and CG (27.8 %). VC were 13.0, 14.6 and 45.8 % for PI, BI and RWI. Least squares means for MH, CU and UD were: 48.06±6.17a, 35.93±3.04b and 61.11±7.42a kg (BW); 77.81±3.65ab, 69.56±2.02a and 88.52±4.93b cm (BL); 80.55±3.98ab, 71.72±2.20a and 93.23±5.37b cm (CG); 56.88±2.45ab, 51.26±1.36a and 60.32±3.31b cm (HW); 57±4a, 71±19b and 62±34a % (HD); 68±31ab, 70±14a and 61±27b% (TU); 65±30a, 56±12b and 62±3a% (TM). The MH and UD populations were similar in morphometry and different from the CU population. The CU population showed lower weight, smaller size and calmer temperament. The characterization of these populations is important for designing strategies for their conservation and efficient use.
L-Asparaginase activity in antagonistic streptomycetes associated with clam Villorita cyprinoides (Hanley)

Antagonistic property of Streptomyces sp. isolated from Villorita cyprinoides was studied along with L-Asparaginase activity and growth. Streptomyces sp. showed optimum pH requirement at 7. The influence of amino acids, carbon sources and sodium chloride showed wide variations. Heavy metal inhibited the growth and activity
Conservation Ecology: Rediscovering rites of passage: education, transformation, and the transition to sustainability

This paper focuses on rites of passage as a model for wilderness programs. It draws on my experience in the field, particularly with Native youth in a community-based program called "Rediscovery. " The Rediscovery program is discussed, along with concepts of traditional indigenous knowledge and education. Foundational concepts of rites of passage are described in terms of their relevance to youth, outdoor education, and the Rediscovery program in particular. Using Rediscovery as a model, rites of passage are put forward as an educational process for youth from various cultural backgrounds. In this context, the purpose of education is to cultivate self-knowledge and to foster core personal development: the making of whole human beings. The paper closes with a reflection on my work with traditional indigenous people and the significance of rites of passage for education, cultural transformation, and the transition to ecological sustainability. http://www.ecologyandsociety. org/vol5/iss2/art30/ (1 of 18) [2/10/2009 1:32:48 PM] Conservation Ecology: Rediscovering rites of passage: education, transformation, and the transition to sustainability
Summer CDOM optical properties in the western arctic under low sea ice conditions

Background: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) constitutes the largest pool of reduced organic carbon in the ocean and plays an important part in the global carbon cycle. The Arctic Ocean, with about 1% of the global ocean volume receives about 10% of the global river discharge. Under climate change, increased discharge from the Arctic rivers could significantly affect the carbon cycle in the Arctic Ocean. The colored or chromophoric DOM or CDOM is the fraction of DOM that absorbs light in the ultraviolet and visible wavelength and is a major light absorbing constituent in the ocean that influences light penetration and thus biological productivity. Through its influence on the water leaving radiance or the light field it also affects satellite ocean color chlorophyll algorithms. CDOM also fluoresces and its fluorescence properties have been studied using excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs). The fluorescent constituents of DOM can include humic and protein substances (Coble 1996; 1997; Mopper and Schultz 1993). Humic substances are mostly of terrestrial origin, but humic-like fluorescent material of marine origin is also present in aquatic systems (Coble 2007). CDOM is produced in situ by biological production (authochthonous) or transported from terrestrial sources (allochthonous), and removed by photochemical degradation or physical processes such as circulation and mixing (Hansell and Carlson 2002; Blough and Del Vecchio 2002; D’Sa and DiMarco 2009; D’Sa 2008; Nelson and Siegel 2013). CDOM absorption properties including spectral slopes have been used to gain insights into CDOM source, and photooxidative state (Blough and Del Vecchio 2002; Helms et al. 2008). Studies have reported on the DOM/CDOM absorption properties in the Arctic (Wheeler et al. 1997; Gueguen et al. 2005; 2011) and the rivers have been found to be an important source of DOM/CDOM to the Arctic Ocean. Fluorescence measurements have also been reported for the Arctic and both humic-like and protein like substances have been detected (Gueguen et al. 2005). Only limited studies have been reported for the Western Arctic (Gueguen et al. 2005). In this study we report on the DOC and CDOM optical properties of absorption and fluorescence in the Western Arctic region during summer of 2012 when the extent of Arctic sea ice was the lowest recorded.
Enhancement of γ-Amminobutyric Acid Production by Co-Culturing of Two Lactobacilli Strains

The γ-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in central nervous system and its application in drugs and functional foods has attracted great attention. Most of the fermented food products are known and proven for its high content GABA producer, which makes the food product as potential functional foods. Lactic acid bacteria possess special physiological activities and are generally regarded as safe. This study was aimed at evaluating GABA production ability of some lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from Egyptian dairy products and further to increase the production by combining the best GABA producers. The impacts of pH, temperature, incubation time, initial monosodium glutamate (MSG) concentration and pyridoxal-5’-phosphate (PLP) addition on growth and γ-aminobutyric acid production were investigated. By optimizing these factors at pH5, cultivation temperature of 35°C, cultivation time of 72 h in medium supplemented with 750 M of MSG and 200 μM of PLP, Lactobacillus brevis NM101-1 and Lactobacillus plantarum DSM749 accumulated 168.58 and 140.69 mM of GABA, respectively. Co-culturing of both strains was not only able to enhance GABA production but also producing it in a short time (48 h), reached 224.69 mM. It could be concluded that the use of LAB strains in combination with a high GABA producer strain is a successful approach for reaching a physiologically active concentration of GABA.
Vasodegenerative disease: Lessons from the nervous system

Vasodegenerative diseases, such as atherosclerosis and hypertensive and diabetic vasculopathies, share many features with neurodegenerative diseases. These include complex and poorly understood etiologies; common risk factors; chronic progression; involvement of distinctive functional systems, regions and cell types; presence of extracellular deposits or intracellular inclusions; gradual spread to contiguous and sometimes distant sites; and a tendency to present clinically in later life. These commonalities may provide clues regarding pathophysiology and approaches to treatment.
Effect of biofertilizer inoculations on biochemical characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) KBSH-41.

Bacterial strains of Azospirillum, Azolla and Seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) were used to inoculate the seeds of sunflower hybrid KBSH-41. Inoculated and control seeds were germinated and the biochemical parameters of the seedlings were observed until maturity. The biochemical parameters of protein, carbohydrate and total chlorophyll were observed. The protein content showed higher value on the 40 day which gradually decreased on the 60 day as against this it was observed a gradual increase on 80 day. The carbohydrate showed significantly decrease throughout the study period, but we noticed the chlorophyll showed contrary to the carbohydrate content.
Impacts of U.S. Navy Training Events on Blainville’s Beaked Whale (Mesoplodon densirostris) Foraging Dives in Hawaiian Waters

emphasis on the two species involved: Blainville’s (Mesoplodon densirostris) and Cuvier’s (Ziphius Blainville’s beaked whales (Mesoplodon densicavirostris) beaked whales (England et al., 2001). rostris) were detected in recorded acoustic data The investigation concluded that there is a need collected before, during, and after February and for the Navy to understand the effects of its activiAugust U.S. Navy training events in 2011, 2012, ties during testing and training, and to monitor the and 2013 at the Pacific Missile Range Facility populations that inhabit Navy ranges in compliance in Kauai, Hawaii. Beaked whale clicks were with the Marine Mammal Protection Act and the automatically detected and manually verified to Endangered Species Act while not jeopardizing ensure they fit characteristics of foraging echonational security. location clicks. Verified foraging click detections Beaked whale foraging dive behavior has been were spatially and temporally clustered to repreidentified using data from a variety of tags (Baird sent group vocal periods (GVPs) of beaked whale et al., 2006, 2008; Johnson et al., 2006; Tyack et al., foraging dives. More GVPs were detected before 2006). Blainville’s and Cuvier’s beaked whales utitraining events than during or after the training lize foraging echolocation clicks (Johnson et al., events, and GVPs were detected more on hydro2004), with frequency modulation characteristics phones at the edges and in the southern portion and relatively consistent inter-click intervals (ICIs). of the range during sonar activity. However, there These two species are known to only produce forwere also interannual differences in GVP counts aging clicks while at depths greater than 200 m across training event phases, indicating that baseduring foraging dives. Blainville’s beaked whale line variability in Blainville’s beaked whale GVPs group vocal periods (GVPs) are approximately 23 must be distinguished from reduced foraging dive to 33 min (Johnson et al., 2006), while the group activity during training events with sonar activity foraging dives are on average 47 min in duration to understand the true impact of sonar. but can last up to 57 min and have mean foraging dive intervals of 92 min (Tyack et al., 2006).
Outage Performance of CoMP NOMA Networks with Selective Cell and Transmit Diversity

: Most of the coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission studies have been focused on the sum capacity. However, the increase of the sum capacity does not guarantee the individual user’s required outage performance. In this paper, we consider the outage performance of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks with CoMP transmission under multi-cell environments. We adapt the Alamouti code for CoMP transmission to improve the outage performance of a cell-edge user. Also to provide the spatial diversity gain, cell selection with maximum channel gain is adapted. Outage probabilities of users are derived in closed-form and verified through Monte Carlo simulation. It is noticed that the outage performance improves as a near user approaches a base station, however, the error floor which does not improve the performance as the transmit power increases is observed. Since the inter cell interference (ICI) from the selected cell with NOMA causes the error floor, the selected cell with orthogonal multiple access (OMA) shows better outage performance for the near user than the cell with NOMA. Furthermore, the performance is more susceptible to the distance between the base station and the near user rather than power allocation to the user. Also, the performance of the cell-edge user shows significant improvement with the combination of the Alamouti code and the cell selection compared to the cell selection only.
Microbial pathogens infecting Etroplus species and management of pathogens using marine Natural products (MNPs)

The common pathogens such as Vibrio infecting pearlspot Etroplus suratensis and E. maculatus were isolated and characterized. The lethal doses of some of the common pathogens were evaluated using E. maculatus. Marine Natural Product was isolated from Ulva fascita using methanol. The crude methanol extract was used as one of the ingredients at different proportions. The growth and disease resistance towards pathogens were evaluated in E. maculatus and E. suratensis, using appropriate experimental and control sets. In the experimental set fed with Marine Natural Products, the percent relative protections (PRP) as well as survival were higher compared to the control sets. The use of Marine Natural Products in enhancing growth and disease resistance were discussed.
The clock gene period in the housefly, Musca domestica : a molecular analysis

The period gene {per) of Drosophila melanogaster, which lies at the core of the fly’s circadian clock, controls a number of biological rhythms, including the circadian periodicity of locomotor activity and adult emergence from the pupal case. Levels of per gene products cycle with a 24 hour period, as required for a clock molecule. Furthermore, a temporal delay between the peak expression of per mRNA and protein suggests the existence of a negative feedback loop through which Per protein regulates the synthesis of its own mRNA. In an attempt to determine the extent to which clock molecules and mechanisms are conserved among dipterans, I cloned the per homologue from the housefly, Musca domestica. The Musca per gene encodes a protein of 1072 amino acids in which areas of high similarity with Drosophila per are interspersed by non-conserved stretches. Areas of high conservation include the amino terminus, the PAS domain and the region surrounding the pers mutation site of D. melanogaster. Successively I assessed Musca per functionality in the D. melanogaster circadian machinery. Behavioural analysis of transgenic per0 fruit flies expressing the Musca per homologue, demonstrates that the housefly per is able to replace endogenous per functions in the host’s clock system. Expression of per products was investigated in both housefly and transgenic fruitfly. Housefly per transcript levels display daily changes in abundance, similar to those observed in wild-type D. melanogaster. Circadian oscillations were also found in per levels in D. melanogaster transformants, albeit with a lower amplitude of those described for wild type. Expression of Per protein in both housefly and D. melanogaster transformants does not show the daily fluctuation characteristic of wild type D. melanogaster Per. This comparative study suggests that the current model based on the negative feedback loop may be inadequate to explain the molecular mechanism underlying the circadian clock.
Thelephora dominicana (Basidiomycota, Thelephorales), a new species from the Dominican Republic, and preliminary notes on thelephoroid genera

A new species of Thelephora , characterized by more or less infundibuliform basidiomes and globose to subglobose strongly echinulate basidiospores, is described from the Dominican Republic based on morphological and molecular data (analyses of LSU and ITS sequences). Phylogenetic insights on genera in the Thelephorales are also provided.
Genotyping of K-ras exon 2 codons 12 and 13 mutations in colorectal cancer by pyrosequencing

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of pyrosequencing assay for determining K-ras mutations in exon 2 codons 12 and 13 in clinical colorectal cancer tissues. Methods Genomic DNA, extracted from K-ras mutant cell lines SW480 (homozygous, c.35G>T), DLD-1 (heterozygous, c.38G>A) and wild-type HT-29, was first used as the sequencing template respectively to test the accuracy of pyrosequencing methodology.The SW480 and DLD-1 DNA was separately mixed with wild-type HT-29 DNA in proportions of 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%, the sensitivity for mutation detection was measured separately by pyrosequencing assay and directed Sanger DNA sequencing in the serial DNA mixture samples.The pyrosequencing assay results were compared with the corresponding Sanger sequencing and the datas were analysized by Fisher exact test.Pyrosequencing analysis was then performed for screening K-ras exon 2 mutations at codons 12 and 13 on DNA isolated from a panel of 30 colorectal cancer samples derived from clinical formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues. Results Cancer cell lines with known K-ras mutations (SW480 and DLD-1) were readily detectable by pyrosequencing-based analysis.When the proportions of mutant colorectal cancer cell line DNA were 5% and 10% content, the mutation rates of K-ras gene detected by conventional Sanger DNA sequencing were 33.3% (4/12) and 58.3% (7/12) respectively, whereas the mutation rates detected by pyrosequencing-based assay were 91.7% (11/12) and 100% (12/12) respectively, there were significant differences between those two sequencing methodology (P A transitions ［50%（5/10）］, followed by G>T transversions ［30%（3/10）］. Conclusion The pyrosequencing assay provides an accurate and sensitive method for mutation screening of K-ras exon 2 codons 12 and 13 in routine diagnostic specimens, thereby allowing the selection of the cancer treatment in clinical individualized practice.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:585-592) Key words: Colorectal neoplasms; Genes，ras; Exons; Mutation; Sequence analysis，DNA
A valorized wine from 'Aloe vera' and 'Mentha arvensis' and its LC-Q-ToF-MS metabolic profiling

In the view of evidently proven medicinal benefits of 'Aloe vera' and 'Mentha arvensis' and growing consumer interest in functional foods, aloe and mint were chosen for the production of a functional beverage in the form of wine. The fermentation of exogenously cane sugar supplemented mixture of aloe gel and mint extract, yielded a pale yellowish wine with an ethanol content of 9.5% (v/v). The wine could be considered to be quite health promoting in terms of its total phenolic content, which was 1785 mg GAE/L. LC-MS studies of the same showed the presence of many bio-active compounds including aloin, myricentin, luteolin, quercitin. Value-addition of wine was done by adding the probiotic strain 'Lactobacillus sporogenes'. The probiotic supplemented wine when evaluated against common food borne pathogens, proved to be an effective anti-bacterial therapy. 'Aloe-Mentha' wine thus, can be a promising candidate of the expanding range of functional beverages.
THE USE OF OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES TO MODEL MARINE ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS AT THE JGOFS STATION AT 17 N 20 W

SUMMARY A seven-compartment model of the mixed layer ecosystem was used to fit a time series of observations derived from data obtained during the 1989 JGOFS North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. A nonlinear optimization technique was used to obtain the best fit to the combined observation set. It was discovered that a solution which gave a good fit to primary production gave a bad fit to zooplankton and vice versa. The solution which fitted primary production also showed good agreement with a number of other independent data sets, but overestimated bacterial production. Further development is necessary to create a model capable of reproducing all the important features of the nitrogen flows within the mixed layer.
Isolation and analysis of the argG gene encoding argininosuccinate synthetase from Corynebacterium glutamicum

The argG gene of Corynebacterium glutamicum encoding argininosuccinate synthetase (EC6345) was cloned and sequenced. The gene was cloned by heterologous complementation of an Escherichia coli arginine auxotrophic mutant (argG/sup -/). The cloned DNA fragment also complements E. coli argD, argF, and argH mutants, suggesting a clustered organization of the genes in the chromosome. The coding region of the argG gene is 1,206 nucleotides long with a deduced molecular weight of about 44 kDa, comparable with the predicted size of the expressed protein on the SDS-PAGE. Computer analysis revealed that the amino acid sequence of the argG gene product had a high similarity to that of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptomyces clavuligerus. Two conserved sequence motifs within the ArgG appear to be ATP-binding sites which correspond to 2 of the 3 conserved regions found in sequences of all known argininosuccinate synthetases.
Uropathogenic analysis and commonly used drug sensitivity patterns of the pathogens in Dhaka City, Bangladesh.

Aims: Human urinary tract infections (UTI) are very common in Bangladesh. The objectives of the current study are to identify the uropathogenic agents infecting males and females of different age groups, and commonly used drugs sensitivity profiles. Study Design: A total of 980 urine samples from both sex and different age groups, were collected for the study. Chemical analyses of the samples were done by Dipstick method. Cultural, microscopic and biochemical analyses were done to identify the isolates. Finally antibiotic sensitivity was tested against conventionally used antibiotics. and May following published procedures. Results: Only 29.6% of the urine samples yielded positive culture. UTI showed more prevalence among female than male. Female belonging to the age group of 41-50 years were detected as high risk groups for UTI. Most common Gram negative isolates were Escherichia coli , Klebsiella sp. , Candida sp. , Pseudomonas sp. , Proteus sp. , and Acinetobacter baumannii . Gram positive bacteria comprised Enterococcus sp. and non-hemolytic Streptococci. Like most of the previous reports, E. coli was predominant, which is also corroborated in this study. However, the sensitivity pattern of the organisms differed from the previous studies. Conclusion: The isolates were found resistant to most common oral antibiotics used, such as cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, and nalidixic acid. This finding, however, need further work to validate reliability.