Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of Hip Labral Tears in Athletes: An Evidence-Based Review of the Literature

The acetabular labrum is a complex fibro cartilaginous ring which is attached circumferentially to the bony rim of the acetabulum [1] (Figure 1). While its function is not fully understood, the labrum’s unique anatomical structure plays a role in hip joint stability, as well as reducing the articular contact stress by distributing the load, partly through the sealing mechanism of the synovial fluid [2]. Any tear in this distinctive structure leads to a disruption in the sealing effect, with possible subsequent joint deterioration [2]. While further research is needed to determine the prevalence of labral tears among the public, some evidence showed that labral tear has a prevalence of around 66% among patients with mechanical hip pain [3]. Abstract
A nondestructive method for estimating the age of Clapper Rail eggs

Estimates of nest survival rate are often based on the assumption that the rate is constant during the nest cycle. Because violating this assumption can generate biased estimates, determining the age of a nest is important. For precocial marsh birds, including Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris), current estimates of nest survival do not take this source of bias into account because a standardized, nondestructive method for aging eggs in not available. We developed a nondestructive flotation technique using known-age nests that can be used to estimate the projected hatch date of Clapper Rail eggs within 3 d of the actual hatch date. This precision is limited in part due to variance in the length of incubation between nests and the common occurrence of asynchronous hatching. However, for investigators assessing the fate of Clapper Rail nests, our technique provides an effective and nondestructive method for projecting the hatch date of Clapper Rail eggs, and will facilitate unbiased estimates of nest survival rates. SINOPSIS Los estimados de la tasa de sobreviviencia comunmente estan basados en la presuncion de que esta es constante a traves del ciclo de anidamiento. Si violamos dicho postulado se puede generar sesgo en los estimados. A tales efectos es necesario entonces determinar la edad del nido. Para aves precoces de marjales, incluyendo a individuos de Rallus longirostris, los estimados actuales de sobrevivencia de nidos no toman en consideracion lo mencionado porque no hay un metodo estandarizado, no destructivo, para determinar la edad de los huevos. Desarrollamos un metodo no destructivo que consiste de hacer flotar los huevos, utilizando huevos de edad conocida, para estimar o proyectar el dia en que nacen los pichones dentro de tres dias de la fecha de eclosionamiento. La precision esta limitada en parte por la variabilidad en el largo del periodo de incubacion entre nidos y al hecho de que ocurre eclosionamiento asincronico. Sin embargo, para investigadores que tratan de determinar lo que finalmente ocurre con los nidos del ave, nuestra tecnica provee una forma efectiva, y no destructiva, para proyectar la fecha de eclosion, y reduce el sesgo para determinar la supervivencia de huevos.
Phosphorus nutrition influence on plant growth and nonstructural carbohydrate accumulation in tobacco.

Limiting P nutrition did not alter sucrose accumulation for any of the genotypes, whereas starch accumulation was decreased at low P nutrition for two of the genotypes. Differences in genotypes or plant species, working with chloroplasts vs. single leaves vs. total plant leaf mass and timing of sampling after applying treatments may all be factors in the variable reports pertaining to the effect of P nutrition on carbohydrate accumulation
CHARACTERISATION OF STEM RUST AND STRIPE RUST SEEDLING RESISTANCE GENES IN SELECTED WHEAT CULTIVARS FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM

SUMMARY Sixty five wheat cultivars grown in the United Kingdom were characterised for seedling stem rust and stripe rust resistance genes using Australian pathotypes of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici and Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, respectively. The studies detected eight stem rust resistance genes (Sr5, Sr8a, Sr9g, Sr12, Sr30, Sr31, Sr36 and Sr38) and seven stripe rust resistance genes (Yr1, Yr6, Yr7, Yr9, Yr17, Yr27, YrHVII) either singly or in combinations, among which the linked genes Sr31 and Yr9 were the most common. The stem rust resistance genes identified have limited breeding value in Australia and world-wide because virulence for all occurs in many geographical areas. However, for stripe rust resistance, several cultivars represent potentially new sources of resistance. Resistance in these cultivars may be due to uncharacterised resistance gene(s) or gene combination(s) that could not be resolved with the array of pathotypes used. The information presented, when combined with previous characterisation of leaf rust resistance genes in these cultivars, is useful for plant breeders in rationalising germplasm enhancement programs.
FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) : The Men, the Myths and the Money

Founded in 1904 by representatives of the sporting organisations of six European nations then expanding into the Americas, Asia and Africa FIFA has developed to become one of the most high profile and lucrative businesses in the global consumer and cultural industry. Recent years however have been characterised by a series of crises leaving the organisation open to critique and exposure, and creating a soap operatic narrative of increasing interest to the global media.In this critical new account of one of the world’s most important sporting institutions, Professor Alan Tomlinson investigates the history of FIFA and the underlying political dynamics characterising its growth. The book explores the influence of the men who have led FIFA, the emergence of the World Cup as FIFA’s exclusive product, FIFA’s relationships with other federations and associations, the crises that have shaped its recent history, and the issues and challenges that are likely to shape its future. Particular focus is given to selected moments in the post- Havelange administration and the way in which FIFA, its current president Joseph Blatter and some key close colleagues have responded to and survived successive scandals. The book provides a foundation for understanding the growth and development of what is widely accepted as the world’s most popular sport; sheds light on the shifting politics of nationalism in the post-colonial period; and reveals the opportunistic forms of personal aggrandizement shaping an increasingly media-influenced and globalizing world in which international sport was both a harbinger and an early reflection of these trends and forces. Fascinating and provocative, this is essential reading for anybody with an interest in soccer, sport and society, sports governance, or global organisations.
Parallel monitoring of RNA abundance, localization and compactness with correlative single molecule FISH on LR White embedded samples

Single mRNA molecules are frequently detected by single molecule fluorescence in situ hybridisation (smFISH) using branched DNA technology. While providing strong and background-reduced signals, the method is inefficient in detecting mRNAs within dense structures, in monitoring mRNA compactness and in quantifying abundant mRNAs. To overcome these limitations, we have hybridised slices of high pressure frozen, LR White embedded cells (LR White smFISH). mRNA detection is physically restricted to the surface of the resin. This enables single molecule detection of RNAs with accuracy comparable to RNA sequencing, irrespective of their abundance, while at the same time providing spatial information on RNA localisation that can be complemented with immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, as well as electron tomography. Moreover, LR White embedding restricts the number of available probe pair recognition sites for each mRNA to a small subset. As a consequence, differences in signal intensities between RNA populations reflect differences in RNA tertiary structures, and we show that the method can be employed to probe for mRNA compactness. We apply LR White smFISH to answer some outstanding questions related to trans-splicing, RNA granules and mitochondrial RNA editing, using trypanosomes and their versatile RNA biology as a model system.
LC3 subfamily in cardiolipin-mediated mitophagy: a comparison of the LC3A, LC3B and LC3C homologs

Among the described indicators of mitochondrial damage, externalization of the phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) to the outer mitochondrial membrane has been proposed to trigger mitophagy, acting as a signal for binding the autophagy protein LC3B. However, the behavior of the other LC3 subfamily members has not been explored yet. In the present contribution, a comparative analysis of the interaction of LC3B, LC3A and LC3C with CL-containing model membranes, as well as their ability to translocate to mitochondria was assessed. Binding of LC3A to CL was higher than that of LC3B, and both proteins showed a similar ability to colocalize with mitochondria upon induction of CL externalization by rotenone in HeLa-NDPK-D or SH-SY5Y cells. Two residues located in the N-terminal region of LC3A were shown to be important for its recognition of damaged mitochondria. Moreover, the in vitro results suggested a possible role of LC3A, but not of LC3B, in oxidized-CL recognition as a counterweight to excessive apoptosis activation. In the case of LC3C, even if this protein showed a higher binding than LC3B or LC3A to CL, binding was less specific, and colocalization of LC3C with mitochondria was not rotenonedependent. These results suggest that, at variance with LC3A, LC3C does not participate in the rotenone-CL mitophagy mechanism. The data support the notion that the various LC3/GABARAP family members might play different roles during autophagy initiation, identifying LC3A as a novel stakeholder in CL-mediated mitophagy.
The diagnostic value of RASSF1A promoter methylation in prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background RASSF1A promoter methylation is consistent with clinicopathological data and has good accuracy in distinguishing tumors. However, the diagnostic parameters vary among previous studies. A systematic review was conducted to explore the diagnostic value of RASSF1A promoter methylation in prostate cancer. Methods A comprehensive search of the literature in the PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase and ISI Web of Science databases up to May 21, 2020 was performed. STATA software version 12.0 and Meta-disc version 1.4 were used to analyze the data. Results The pooled sensitivity was 0.64 (95% CI 0.61–0.66), the pooled specificity was 0.80 (95% CI 0.77–0.83), the PLR was 3.82 (95% CI 1.96–7.44), and the NLR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.16–0.52). Furthermore, the pooled DOR of RASSF1A promoter methylation for prostate cancer was 13.08 (95% CI: 6.56–26.08). The area under the summary ROC curve was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.84–0.90). The results of the meta-regression suggested that heterogeneity was mainly derived from publication year. Fagan’s nomogram showed that the predictive accuracy was increased significantly by detecting RASSF1A promoter methylation for diagnosing prostate cancer. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that detection of the RASSF1A promoter methylation status can be used for the diagnosis of PCa. In the future, further analyses and studies of larger sample sizes in large centers are needed to confirm our conclusion.
Composition and biological activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides extracts obtained from plants collected in Poland and Russia

Rhaponticum carthamoides is a medicinal plant indigenous to Siberia. Although its root tissue is a well-known source of biologically active compounds, recent studies have focused on the above-ground part of the plant due to its easier accessibility. An R. carthamoides plantation was recently established in Northern Poland. Composition and antioxidant activity were compared for R. carthamoides leaf extracts obtained from plants grown in two plantations: in Poland (Lubiewice) and in Russia (Koriazma); the latter plantation has growing conditions similar to those in the R. carthamoides natural habitat. Plant secondary compounds were extracted with chloroform, methanol or water. As indicated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the content of most compounds analyzed was higher in extracts from plants grown in Lubiewice (Poland). Antioxidative activity (as measured by diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays) and cytotoxic activity (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay) were higher in extracts from the Polish material. Key words: Antioxidant activity, cytotoxic activity, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Consumer Response to Drug Risk Information: The Role of Positive Affect

Risk disclosure is an essential element of the marketing of prescription drugs and other medical products. This study examines how consumers respond to verbal information about the frequency and severity of medical-product risks and how media-induced affect can moderate such responses. The study finds that consumers tend to overestimate the actual likelihood of adverse events described with words such as “common” or “rare” (compared with the probabilities such terms are typically intended to convey) and that consumers tend to give little weight to such probability language when forming product use intentions. However, consumers in positive media-induced moods seem to engage in more nuanced evaluation of product risk information, weighing both frequency and severity information and using such information to make inferences about other product attributes (e.g., product efficacy). These findings suggest that medical marketers and regulators need to devise more effective means of communicating risk probability to consumers and that positive mood induction (e.g., by placing advertisements in upbeat media environments) can enhance consumers’ ability to process product risk information.
Civility, Civic Discourse adn Civic Engagement: Intextricably Interwoven

I t is an honor to be asked to write the inaugural piece for this column. I was asked to write something thought-provoking as a way to share what one president is thinking about engagement. As a member of the board of directors of Campus Compact, I support Campus Compact’s three strategic goals: (1) to elevate the impact of the civic engagement field by building partnerships and promoting alignment; (2) to help solve critical issues facing member institutions and their communities by catalyzing, promoting, and amplifying civic engagement innovation; and (3) to maximize our collective potential as a network through improved accountability, collaboration, and communication. Within each of Campus Compact’s overall goals are 14 objectives, and two are of specific importance to this column: First, promote a research agenda to prove and communicate the effectiveness of civic engagement approaches and, second, pursue demonstration projects that test the effectiveness of innovative civic engagement ideas related to networkwide programmatic priorities, partnering with funders and others in the field. As Campus Compact created its Strategic Plan: 2014 and Beyond (2013), the University of Connecticut (UConn) was undertaking a university-wide academic planning process. The plan, released this month, has Global engagement as one of four core values and a path toward excellence in public engagement as one of our five overall goals. Regarding global engagement, the plan states:
A Meta-analysis of the known Global Distribution and Host Range of the Ralstonia Species Complex

The Ralstonia species complex is a group of genetically diverse plant wilt pathogens. Our goal is to create a database that contains the reported global distribution and host range of Ralstonia clades (e.g. phylotypes and sequevars). In this fourth release, we have cataloged information from 197 sources that report one or more Ralstonia strains isolated from 105 geographic regions. Metadata for nearly 8,000 strains are available as a supplemental table. The aggregated data suggest that the pandemic brown rot lineage (IIB-1) is the most widely dispersed lineage, and the phylotype I and IIB-4 lineages have the broadest natural host range. Although Phylotype III is largely restricted to Africa, several studies report that these strains have been introduced into the Americas (the Caribbean and South America). Similarly, although Phylotype IV is mostly found in East and Southeast Asia, phylotype IV strains are reported to be present in Eastern Africa. Additionally, we have created an open science resource for phylogenomics of the RSSC. We associated strain metadata (host of isolation, location of isolation, and clade) with over 250 genomes in a public KBase Narrative. Our colleagues can use this narrative to identify the phylogenetic position of newly sequenced strains.
Proposed Algorithm for Enhance Dynamic Source Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

As a result of technology revolution in the area of communication and computers ,the world depends on the wireless networks in all aspects (news, Military services, disaster, financial service) , Thus the need for development and update these networks. The main feature in the ad hoc network is dynamic topology, the important challenges in the Mobile Ad hoc Network are route, security and energy . The improvement of the route is considered one of the important challenge to improve the performance of the ad hoc network and to increase its efficiency and reserve the battery. In this study we focus on routing challenge in the ad hoc network ,the route broken due the network dynamic topology, this lead to number of packet is lost and delay in the network, Thus we need more efficient algorithms for route improvement, This is our specific objective, a propose algorithm to enhancing route between nodes by improving the dynamic source routing protocol ,this lead to improve delay, increasing throughput, increasing packet delivery ratio, In summary we want to increase the network performance ,Reach to this objective we followed some steps ,First we focus on route discovery mechanism and determined its disadvantage ,Second we used the mobility random way point model, Third we input different parameter through mobility model, Four we used the matlab language to simulate the algorithm , Five we tested our proposed algorithm in different simulation scenarios to determine its efficiency ,Six we compared our proposed algorithm with old existing algorithm, Seven we represented the result graphically, Eight we used metric to discuss the results. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the existing algorithm. The important results in this study is that we can optimize the route in Mobile Ad Hoc Network with design proposed algorithm to reduce average delay, increasing throughput and increasing packet delivery ratio . In this project we also recommended to improve our proposed algorithm ,proposed new algorithm called early_sensing which detect the weak link connection and replace it by strong link connection , for maintenance the route before broken we select the middle point between the node which has received signal power reach below threshold level and previous node.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Revealing the Relation of Age-Related Differences in the Corpus Callosum With Cognitive Style

People may differ in their ways of processing tasks or situations, which may be explained by cognitive styles that define individual differences in information processing strategies. The cognitive style ranges between two extremes: analytic and holistic processing style. The concept of cognitive style has been widely investigated in the literature, but its age-related differences in the neural substrates have remained elusive. In this study, we focused on the white matter structure of the corpus callosum and its possible link to age-related differences in cognitive style, given its functional ability to connect and facilitate efficient communication between the left and right cerebral hemispheres. Seventy-two participants aged 20–75 years participated in this study. Participants’ cognitive styles were measured by the Analysis-Holism Scale (AHS), and their white matter microstructures were acquired using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The results revealed that older adults tend to have a more holistic processing style than younger adults. We then compared the white matter of tracts of interest between high and low AHS groups and found that the white matter microstructure in the genu of the corpus callosum can be used to distinguish between AHS subgroups. Interestingly, we found that age negatively correlated with the white matter tracts across the brain, indicating that aging is associated with reduced microstructure integrity. Together, our findings suggest that analytic-holistic cognitive styles of information processing possibly reflect that the microstructure development in the anterior part of the corpus callosum may influence the type of age-related information processing.
Perturbation of in vivo neural activity following α-Synuclein seeding in the olfactory bulb

BACKGROUND Parkinson’s disease (PD) neuropathology is characterized by intraneuronal protein aggregates composed of misfolded α-Synuclein (α-Syn), as well as degeneration of substantia nigra dopamine neurons. Deficits in olfactory perception and aggregation of α-Syn in the olfactory bulb (OB) are observed during early stages of PD, and have been associated with the PD prodrome, before onset of the classic motor deficits. α-Syn fibrils injected into the OB of mice cause progressive propagation of α-Syn pathology throughout the olfactory system and are coupled to olfactory perceptual deficits. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that accumulation of pathogenic α-Syn in the OB impairs neural activity in the olfactory system. METHODS To address this, we monitored spontaneous and odor-evoked local field potential dynamics in awake wild type mice simultaneously in the OB and piriform cortex (PCX) one, two, and three months following injection of pathogenic preformed α-Syn fibrils in the OB. RESULTS We detected α-Syn pathology in both the OB and PCX. We also observed that α-Syn fibril injections influenced odor-evoked activity in the OB. In particular, α-Syn fibril-injected mice displayed aberrantly high odor-evoked power in the beta spectral range. A similar change in activity was not detected in the PCX, despite high levels of α-Syn pathology. CONCLUSIONS Together, this work provides evidence that synucleinopathy impacts in vivo neural activity in the olfactory system at the network-level.
A Prediction Model to help students in a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)

Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) provides online learning content to millions of students free of cost. But MOOC could not achieve their target due to a high rate of students not completing the courses. Students of MOOCs interact with teachers and other students through discussion forums of MOOC websites. Our idea is to collect comments from the MOOC website and predict user behaviour. We want to predict if any student needs help. We manually label each statement with ‘yes’ or ‘no.’ Using those labelled datasets, we train a machine to predict if an instructor intervention is needed to help students. Our model resulted in up to 72% accuracy using J48 algorithm. Our model works better with an increase in instances compared to other algorithms such as Naive Bayes.