Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Processor and Memory Architectures for Multimedia

Multimedia has become one of the cornerstones of our 21st century society and, when combined with mobility, has enabled a tremendous evolution of our society. However, joining these two concepts introduces many technical challenges. These range from having sufficient performance for handling multimedia content to having the battery stamina for acceptable mobile usage. When taking a projection of where we are heading, we see these issues becoming ever more challenging by increased mobility as well as advancements in multimedia content, such as introduction of stereoscopic 3D and augmented reality. The increased performance needs for handling multimedia come not only from an ongoing step-up in resolution going from QVGA (320x240) to Full HD (1920x1080) a 27x increase in less than half a decade. On top of this, there is also codec evolution (MPEG-2 to H.264 AVC) that adds to the computational load increase. To meet these performance challenges there has been processing and memory architecture advances (SIMD, out-of-order superscalarity, multicore processing and heterogeneous multilevel memories) in the mobile domain, in conjunction with ever increasing operating frequencies (200MHz to 2GHz) and on-chip memory sizes (128KB to 2-3MB). At the same time there is an increase in requirements for mobility, placing higher demands on battery-powered systems despite the steady increase in battery capacity (500 to 2000mAh). This leaves negative net result in-terms of battery capacity versus performance advances. In order to make optimal use of these architectural advances and to meet the power limitations in mobile systems, there is a need for taking an overall approach on how to best utilize these systems. The right trade-off between performance and power is crucial. On top of these constraints, the flexibility aspects of the system need to be addressed. All this makes it very important to reach the right architectural balance in the system. The first goal for this thesis is to examine multimedia applications and propose a flexible solution that can meet the architectural requirements in a mobile system. Secondly, propose an automated methodology of optimally mapping multimedia data and instructions to a heterogeneous multilevel memory subsystem. The proposed methodology uses constraint programming for solving a multidimensional optimization problem. Results from this work indicate that using today’s most advanced mobile processor technology together with a multi-level heterogeneous on-chip memory subsystem can meet the performance requirements for handling multimedia. By utilizing the automated optimal memory mapping method presented in this thesis lower total power consumption can be achieved, whilst performance for multimedia applications is improved, by employing enhanced memory management. This is achieved through reduced external accesses and better reuse of memory objects. This automatic method shows high accuracy, up to 90%, for predicting multimedia memory accesses for a given architecture.
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) of Cells and Microparticle in PDMS Microfluidic Channels

Electromanipulation of microparticles utilizing microelectrodes has demonstrated considerable promise for the characterization, separation and handling of biological cells. Presently considerable research and development effort is directed towards the development of miniaturized fluidic systems with integrated dielectrophoresis (DEP) electrodes. The design, development and fabrication of a DEP microfluidic assembly with an in-built interdigitated microelectrode array is presented. Continuous fractionation of microparticles in a PDMS microfluidic channel is described. Experimental verification of positive and negative DEP of yeast cells and polystyrene latex beads is demonstrated.
Disruptive Effect of Holistic Bias on Processing of Other-Race Faces following Face Categorization

Prior work on own-race bias in visual face recognition has considered cognitive and social-cognitive explanations to account for the more efficient recognition of own-race faces as compared to faces of models from other races. One perceptual account with reasonable support suggests that the pattern reflects a cognitive tendency away from holistic processing of other-race faces. The present study engaged participants in an orientation task that provoked either global (holistic) or local (feature) processing prior to a face recognition task. Response latencies suggested that inducing a global processing bias slowed recognition of other-race faces relative to that of own-race faces, whereas inducing a local processing bias led to nearly equal face recognition times for both categories of faces. Furthermore, processing of other-race faces was slower with a global rather than a local processing bias. Results provide converging evidence that own-race faces and other-race faces differ in global analysis received.
Certain Investigations of Image Security Algorithms for Ad hoc Networks

Ad hoc Networks allows for communicating users in communication without relying on a infrastructure. The model of communication depends on the topology of the network. The users rely on the security protocols and security algorithms that are part of the network standard. The information being exchanged could be text ,image, video based on the user‘s requirement. There is a need for algorithms to be robust to avoid information loss. The data to be transmitted has to be protected from the intruders as it could result in reduction of credibility. The paper performs a exhaustive study of different security algorithms in ad hoc network. It concentrates on understanding the difficulties in handling the information I,e image across users. The paper presents a complete survey of the different security algorithms available for handling images. The information to be transmitted along with the images also needs to be analyzed for its complexity,size and vulnerabity. The paper presents research directions for transmitting images in adhoc networks in a efficient manner considering the different performance parameters that needs to be managed.
Cone-Cutting: a Variant Representation of Pivot in Simplex

This study presents a variant representation of pivot in simplex, which performs cone-cutting on a cone C in dual space to match the pivot performed on a basis B, while the edge-vectors of C are indicated by the row vectors of the feature matrix F = B-1 in the simplex table. Under this representation, we can see the dual cone C of basis B through the feature matrix F directly, and we can perform pivot motivated by the monitor viewing toward the dual space. As an example, a constraint plane in the dual space is delete-able for the optimal searching if it does not pass through the dual optimal point, while such a plane corresponds to a variable being not in the optimal basis. Motivated by the cone-cutting's vision, a variable-sifting algorithm is presented in Sec. 3, which marks those variables corresponding to delete-able planes into a list to forbid them enter pivot and put zero to their components in the final solution.
Gray markets , Contracts and Supply Chain Coordination

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Effects of Probiotics and Antibiotic Supplementation on Serum Biochemistry and Intestinal Microflora in Broiler Chicks

A study was conducted to compare Gram positive (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Berevibacillus laterosporus) and Gram negative probiotics' bacteria (E. coli Nissle 1917) with antibiotic (Virginiamycin) on serum biochemistry and intestinal microflora in broiler chicks. Total of 140, one-day old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were subjected to a 42-day experimental period. The chicks were divided into five experimental groups; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Berevibacillus laterosporus, E.coli Nissle 1917 in drinking water, virginiamycin antibiotic treatment in feed, the last group considered as control. Each group with equal numbers included 4 replicates (10 chicks per replicate). Usage of treatments had no significant effect on serum concentration of total protein and albumin (P>0.05), but significant effect was observed in uric acid and glucose level in serum. Treatments had no significant effect of on calcium and phosphorous levels in serum (P>0.05). Usage of probiotics enhanced the level of serum high-density lipoproteins (P 0.23), but they had significant effect on intestinal selected microflora (P<0.01). It seems that probiotics have potential to be a reliable alternative to growth promoter antibiotics in poultry production. In general, using of both Gram negative and Gram positive probiotics bacteria in drinking water had positive effect on biochemical parameters profiles in serum and population of intestinal microflora. Key word: Antibiotic; Serum biochemistry; Intestinal microflora; E. coli Nissle 1917; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Berevibacillus laterosporus.
Internationalization as a topic in higher engineering education: A quantitative content analysis examining the engineering curricula from ten German technical universities

Within the last years the demand for intercultural awareness and intercultural competences among the working force in engineering grows significantly. Even if engineers more than other professions have always been working in international settings, the situations of international collaboration in engineering work increased. Moreover, strategy papers on European and national levels endorse the rising demand by industry for such graduates and claim development of internationalization within the German landscape of higher education institutions (HEIs) for several years now. However, if these topics are important for successful engineering careers, the question is "If at all, in how far are these topics addressed in current engineering curricula? ". In order to answer this question mechanical engineering curricula of 10 German technical universities have been examined by performing a quantitative content analysis and searching for respective keywords. The underlying assumption is, that if these topics are addressed in engineering study programs this must be visible in the official documents, too. The results of the conducted content analysis presented in this paper are in a way disappointing. Based on the found keywords, the amount of modules that tackle international awareness and international topics in engineering is by far smaller than anticipated. It is in particular even smaller than the significance of these topics in business may suggest. Hence, from our perspective this area still offers substantial untapped potential.
Cancer Mortality Among US Workers Employed in Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication

Objective: To evaluate potential cancer risks in the US semiconductor wafer fabrication industry. Methods: A cohort of 100,081 semiconductor workers employed between 1968 and 2002 was studied. Standardized mortality ratios and relative risks (RRs) were estimated. Results: Standardized mortality ratios were similar and significantly low among fabrication and nonfabrication workers for all causes (0.54 and 0.54) and all cancers (0.74 and 0.72). Internal comparisons also showed similar overall cancer risks among fabrication workers (RR = 0.98), including process equipment operators and process equipment service technicians (OP/EST) employed in cleanrooms (RR = 0.97), compared with nonfabrication workers. Nonsignificantly elevated RRs were observed for a few cancer sites among OP/EST workers, but the numbers of deaths were small and there were no trends of increasing risk with duration of employment. Conclusions: Work in the US semiconductor industry, including semiconductor wafer fabrication in cleanrooms, was not associated with increased cancer mortality overall or mortality from any specific form of cancer. However, due to the young average age of this cohort and its associated relatively low numbers of deaths, regular mortality updates of this semiconductor worker cohort are warranted.
Ensemble Learning Techniques for Appendicitis Prediction

Appendicitis leftovers the most common cause of decrease belly ache. It retains a common look at all ages. The appendix is an attachment or adjunct like shape. it's miles a wormlike stomach diverticulum extending from the blind cease of the cecum; it varies in period and leads to a blin extremity. Early and correct analysis of appendicitis can lower the contamination and clinic cost by using lowering the put off in prognosis of appendicitis and its related headaches. accurate prognosis of appendicitis is a tough trouble in exercise especially if the patient is just too young or pregnant girls in that radiological check have excessive risk. thus, ultrasonography image evaluation is a good way to reduce the problem. This work affords an attempt to diagnose the appendicitis with the aid of extracting appendix of different levels from the stomach ultrasound picture. Diverse filtering techniques like LEE and FROST strategies are used for noise removal and Marker-controlled Watershed method is used for segmentation of appendicitis. The vicinity of interest (ROI) approach is used to extract the accurate portion of appendix photograph. The feel functions of the segmented ROI are Gary degree Co-prevalence Matrix (GLCM) and form capabilities are extracted for the future cause of classifying appendicitis. In the end, the ensemble gaining knowledge of set of rules is used to classify appendicitis appropriately via the use of an AdaBoost technique. The AdaBoost technique is evaluated the usage of various measures like Resubstitution Loss mistakes, Generalization mistakes, cross-Validation errors, and schooling errors. It gives very low loss errors rate.
The association of smoking with vertical periodontal bone loss.

BACKGROUND Knowledge about the relation between smoking and vertical periodontal bone loss is scant. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between smoking and the prevalence and severity of vertical bone defects. METHODS Full sets of intraoral radiographs of 249 individuals in 1982 and 229 individuals in 1992 both with an age range 21 to 70 years were assessed with regard to presence or absence of vertical bone defects. A vertical defect was defined as a resorption of the interdental marginal bone > or = 2 mm that had a typical angulation towards either the mesial or distal aspect of the root. RESULTS The prevalence of vertical defects in 1982 was 47% for current smokers, 49% for former smokers, and 24% for non-smokers. In 1992 the prevalence was 42%, 28%, and 19% for current smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers, respectively. Both in 1982 and 1992 the prevalence was significantly related to smoking status (chi2 = 14.4 and chi2 = 9.9, P<0.01). Furthermore, the severity of vertical defects was significantly associated with smoking after controlling for age both in 1982 and 1992 (P<0.05). The relative risk associated with current smoking was 2.0-fold increased in 1982 and 3.4-fold increased in 1992 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The observations suggest that smoking is associated with increased levels of prevalence as well as severity of vertical bone loss. Smoking is considered a potential risk factor for vertical periodontal bone loss.
Low-Cost High-Efficiency Discrete Current Sensing Method Using Bypass Switch for PV Systems

This paper proposes a simplified current sensing technique for the successful tracking of maximum power point with boost converter for photovoltaic (PV) power systems. To achieve the optimum solutions, the simplest sensing strategy is proposed with high resolution, maximum efficiency, and low cost. In general, PV current of a solar power system is obtained not in continuous time domain but in discrete one due to the digital signal processor-based controller. Instead of continuous resistive sensors, the improved method uses a bypass circuit to bypass the measuring current when the controller halts the sampling of the voltage across resistive sensor. To make this approach more efficient, current sensing process is set to flow through the resistor during some sporadically selected sampling period for responding the slow dynamic of the maximum power point transition. The bypassing approach can be further improved by removing the resistive sensor replaced to the bypass MOSFET. The proposed method contributes to the sensing loss reduction (the ultimate loss reduction is 97% of conventional resistive sensor) as well as to minimization of the thermal stresses on the sensor (23.2 °C), which enables the proposed methods applied to middle range power conversion systems. Finally, the maximum power point tracking ability of the PV system is evaluated under a rapidly changing cloudy day condition and the superior performance of the proposed technique is demonstrated by comparing the results obtained using conventional current sensing method and proposed current sensing method.
Resonant Interneurons Can Increase Robustness of Gamma Oscillations

Gamma oscillations are believed to play a critical role in in information processing, encoding, and retrieval. Inhibitory interneuronal network gamma (ING) oscillations may arise from a coupled oscillator mechanism in which individual neurons oscillate or from a population oscillator in which individual neurons fire sparsely and stochastically. All ING mechanisms, including the one proposed herein, rely on alternating waves of inhibition and windows of opportunity for spiking. The coupled oscillator model implemented with Wang–Buzsáki model neurons is not sufficiently robust to heterogeneity in excitatory drive, and therefore intrinsic frequency, to account for in vitro models of ING. Similarly, in a tightly synchronized regime, the stochastic population oscillator model is often characterized by sparse firing, whereas interneurons both in vivo and in vitro do not fire sparsely during gamma, but rather on average every other cycle. We substituted so-called resonator neural models, which exhibit class 2 excitability and postinhibitory rebound (PIR), for the integrators that are typically used. This results in much greater robustness to heterogeneity that actually increases as the average participation in spikes per cycle approximates physiological levels. Moreover, dynamic clamp experiments that show autapse-induced firing in entorhinal cortical interneurons support the idea that PIR can serve as a network gamma mechanism. Furthermore, parvalbumin-positive (PV+) cells were much more likely to display both PIR and autapse-induced firing than GAD2+ cells, supporting the view that PV+ fast-firing basket cells are more likely to exhibit class 2 excitability than other types of inhibitory interneurons. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Gamma oscillations are believed to play a critical role in information processing, encoding, and retrieval. Networks of inhibitory interneurons are thought to be essential for these oscillations. We show that one class of interneurons with an abrupt onset of firing at a threshold frequency may allow more robust synchronization in the presence of noise and heterogeneity. The mechanism for this robustness depends on the intrinsic resonance at this threshold frequency. Moreover, we show experimentally the feasibility of the proposed mechanism and suggest a way to distinguish between this mechanism and another proposed mechanism: that of a stochastic population oscillator independent of the dynamics of individual neurons.
Tunable Ho-doped soliton fiber laser mode-locked by carbon nanotube saturable absorber

We demonstrate sub-picosecond holmium-doped fiber laser mode-locked with a broadband carbon nanotube saturable absorber. Ultrashort pulse operation has been obtained for the wavelength range of 2030 – 2100 nm with output power up to 60 mW and repetition rate of 15.7 MHz.
The effect of correcting for troponins on trends in coronary heart disease events in Finland during 1993-2002: the FINAMI study.

AIMS The object of this study is to analyse the trends in coronary events in Finland during 1993-2002, correcting for the effect of troponins. METHODS AND RESULTS A population-based myocardial infarction register recorded all coronary events (n=14 782) in four geographical areas of Finland during 1993-2002. Correction coefficients for the effect of troponins were calculated on the basis of 4359 coronary events, with simultaneous determination of troponins and the 'old' enzymatic markers of myocardial injury. Coronary mortality declined steeply, except in women aged > or = 75 years. The incidence of first coronary events declined 2.0% (95% confidence interval -3.0, -0.9%) per year among men and 1.0% (-2.7, 0.6%) per year among women aged 35-74 years. After correcting for the effect of troponins, also the decline among women became statistically significant: 2.7% (-4.5, -0.8%) per year. The effect of troponins tended to be stronger in women and older individuals than in men and younger individuals. The 28-day case fatality declined among men, but not among women. The effect of troponins on case fatality trends was weak. CONCLUSION Declining trends in the incidence of coronary events in Finland during 1993-2002 were partly hidden by the effect of troponins. Both incidence and case fatality declines have contributed to the decline in mortality.
The oral neurokinin-1 antagonist aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients receiving high-dose cisplatin--the Aprepitant Protocol 052 Study Group.

PURPOSE In early clinical trials with patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy, the neurokinin antagonist aprepitant significantly enhanced the efficacy of a standard antiemetic regimen consisting of a type-three 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonist and a corticosteroid. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study was performed to establish definitively the superiority of the aprepitant regimen versus standard therapy in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients receiving cisplatin > or = 70 mg/m2 for the first time were given either standard therapy (ondansetron and dexamethasone on day 1; dexamethasone on days 2 to 4) or an aprepitant regimen (aprepitant plus ondansetron and dexamethasone on day 1; aprepitant and dexamethasone on days 2 to 3; dexamethasone on day 4). Patients recorded nausea and vomiting episodes in a diary. The primary end point was complete response (no emesis and no rescue therapy) on days 1 to 5 postcisplatin, analyzed by a modified intent-to-treat approach. Treatment comparisons were made using logistic regression models. Tolerability was assessed by reported adverse events and physical and laboratory assessments. RESULTS The percentage of patients with complete response on days 1 to 5 was significantly higher in the aprepitant group (72.7% [n = 260] v 52.3% in the standard therapy group [n = 260]), as were the percentages on day 1, and especially on days 2 to 5 (P <.001 for all three comparisons). CONCLUSION Compared with standard dual therapy, addition of aprepitant was generally well tolerated and provided consistently superior protection against CINV in patients receiving highly emetogenic cisplatin-based chemotherapy.