Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complex rupture process of the 2014 Thailand Mw 6.2 earthquake on the conjugate fault system of the Phayao fault zone

The earthquake with a moment magnitude 6.2 that occurred in northern Thailand on 5 May 2014 is the largest recorded in Thailand by modern seismographs; the source is located in the multi-segmented complex fault system of the Phayao fault zone in the northern Thai province of Chiang Rai. This geological setting is appropriate environment for investigating a compound rupture process associated with a geometrically complex fault system in a magnitude-6-class earthquake. To understand in detail the rupture process of the 2014 Thailand earthquake, we elaborate the flexible finite-fault inversion method, used it to invert the globally-observed teleseismic P waveforms, and resolved for the spatiotemporal distribution of both the slip and the fault geometry. The complex rupture process consists of two distinct coseismic slip episodes that evolved along two discontinuous fault planes; these planes coincide with the lineations of the aftershock distribution. The first episode originated at the hypocenter and the rupture propagated south along the north-northeast to south-southwest fault plane. The second episode was triggered at around 5 km north from the epicenter and the rupture propagated along the east-northeast to west-southwest fault plane and terminated at the west end of the source area at 4.5 s hypocentral time. The fault system derived from our finite-fault model suggests geometric complexities including bends. The derived spatiotemporal orientation of the principal stress axis shows different lineations within the two rupture areas and heterogeneity at their edges. This geological setting may have caused the perturbation of the rupture propagation and the triggering of the distinct rupture episodes. Our source model of the 2014 Thailand earthquake suggests that even in the case of small-scale earthquakes, the rupture evolution can be complex when the underlying fault geometry is multiplex.
Modeling of alkaline extraction chemistry and kinetics of softwood kraft pulp

Abstract A comprehensive model for alkaline extraction (E) of chlorine dioxide delignified (D0) softwood kraft pulp (KP) is presented. The dynamics of the process is modeled by taking into account both irreversible and reversible chemical reactions and gas-liquid and liquid-liquid mass transfer. Equations linking molecular-scale composition (amounts of monomeric lignin and carbohydrate structures) and general engineering parameters [κ number (KN), brightness, intrinsic viscosity, total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), etc.] are presented. The model is capable of reproducing the development of KN and brightness from the molecular-level kinetics. Reactions responsible for the darkening of chlorine dioxide bleached (D0) pulp in alkali, brightening of pulp due to the action of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, and reduction in KN were identified. The model predicts the chemical composition of both fiber wall and filtrate. This feature enables studies concerning the interaction of the AE chemistry with upstream (D0 washing) and downstream (D1 stage) processes. Quantitative physicochemical modeling approach also points out shortcoming in the present knowledge.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF PARACETAMOL BY SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE

Paracetamol is a potent anti‐inflammatory analgesic agent indicated for acute and chronic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylytis. Paracetamol is poor water soluble and may show dissolution limited absorption. The solid dispersion of paracetamol by physical triturating method, and fusion method were prepared using 1:1, 1:4 and 1:5 ratios of drug and polymers (PEG 4000, PEG 6000 and urea). The solid dispersion (SD) was characterized for physical appearance, solubility, IR, and in vitro dissolution studies. FTIR study revealed that drug was stable in SDs. Solubility of paracetamol from SDs increased in distilled water. The drug content was found to be high and uniformly distributed in the all formulation. The in vitro dissolution studies were carried using USP type XXVII (paddle) type dissolution apparatus. The prepared dispersion showed marked increase in the dissolution rate of paracetamol than that of pure drug. The dispersion with PEG 6000 (1:5) by fusion method showed faster dissolution rate (107.26%) as compared to other dispersions with PEG 4000 and urea (1:4 and 1:5) whichever prepared by physical mixture (PM) and fusion method). Of the three carriers used, dissolution of the drug was more in PEG 6000 based SDs. It is concluded that dissolution of the Paracetamol could be improved by the solid dispersion and PEG6000 based solid dispersions were more effective in enhancing the dissolution.
Effects of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on COVID-19 in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry. Androgens regulate this protein and may increase the risk of COVID-19. Therefore, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may protect patients with prostate cancer from SARS-CoV-2 infection or decrease the severity of the disease. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to study the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on COVID-19 in patients with prostate cancer. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. All records underwent a two-step screening process to identify the eligible studies. The registered PROSPERO number of this study was CRD42021228398. We evaluated the effect of ADT on the risk of infection, hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. RESULTS Six studies met inclusion criteria and were evaluated in this study. We performed meta-analysis on four eligible studies. The overall incidence of COVID-19 was 2.65% among patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT. COVID-19 mortality rate was about 22.7% in ADT (+) patients. ADT did not decrease the risk of any of the major outcomes; infection risk (OR= 0.63, 95% CI= 0.27- 1.48, P= 0.29), hospitalization rate (OR= 0.51, 95% CI= 0.10- 2.53, P= 0.41), ICU admission (OR= 1.11, 95% CI= 0.43- 2.90, P= 0.82), and mortality risk (OR= 1.21, 95% CI= 0.34- 4.32, P= 0.77). CONCLUSION We did not observe a protective effect on the risk of infection, hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality in patients receiving ADT; therefore, it should not be considered as a prophylactic or treatment for COVID-19. On the other hand, ADT did not increase the mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 and should be considered a safe treatment for patients with prostate cancer during the pandemic. Further studies are necessary to confirm our findings.
Source, Sea and Sink - a holistic approach to understanding plastic pollution in the 1 Southern Caribbean 2

18 Marine plastics are considered to be a major threat to the sustainable use of marine and coastal 19 resources of the Caribbean, on which the region relies heavily for tourism and fishing. To date, 20 little work has quantified plastics within the Caribbean marine environment or examined their 21 potential sources. This study aimed to address this by holistically integrating marine (surface 22 water, subsurface water and sediment) and terrestrial sampling and Lagrangian particle 23 tracking to examine the potential origins, flows and quantities of plastics within the Southern 24 Caribbean. Terrestrial litter and the microplastics identified in marine samples may arise from 25 the maritime and tourism industries, both of which are major contributors to the economies of 26 the Caribbean region. The San Blas islands, Panama had the highest abundance of microplastics 27 at a depth of 25m, and significantly greater quantities in surface water than recorded in the 28 other countries. Modelling indicated the microplastics likely arose from mainland Panama, 29 which has some of the highest levels of mismanaged waste. Antigua had among the lowest 30 quantities of terrestrial and marine plastics, yet the greatest diversity of polymers. Modelling 31 indicated the majority of the microplastics plastic pollution Caribbean Sea and highlights need international interdisciplinary collaborative research and solutions to plastic pollution.
THE AESTHETIC VALUE OF CHILDREN’S MAGAZINE TOWARDS READING INTEREST AMONG CHILDREN

The introduction of reading campaigns and programs by government and NGOs toward cultivating reading motivation or reading interest is still in debates and ongoing. However, statistic has shown that Malaysian still could not be categorized as “reading society” yet. With many arguments among scholars regarding this issue, one of the significant factors contributed to the reading interest is pertaining to the publication aesthetic values. Literature review has indicated that the aesthethic values divided into a form of visual appearance or sensation of experience. However, the visual appearance will lead to the experience. Therefore, this concept paper focused on aesthetic value in a publication visual appearance, to be specific children’s magazine. The aesthethic value of children’s magazine usually associated with the beauty of the publication itself such as the design, genre, and narration/storytelling. Thus, the main objectives of this concept paper are first, to identify the aesthetic values in children’s magazine; and secondly to identify the reading interest factors. The literature reviews in this concept paper are based on library research. Methodology that will be used is quantitative through the distribution of questionnaire to Tabika KEMAS pre-school teachers in Negeri Sembilan. The findings from this research will be beneficial to Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) and the Malaysian publishing industry.
Effectiveness of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on dental plaque and oral health of children with autism

Introduction: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a nonverbal method of communication, used for individuals with Developmental Disabilities to emphasize the need for improved oral hygiene and can also be used for conditioning prior to dental treatment procedures. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of PECS on Dental plaque accumulation and oral health of autistic children. Methods: A prospective interventional study was done on autistic spectrum disorder children. Based on PECS, a series of pictures that showed a structured method and technique of tooth brushing were used. These pictures were placed in the bathroom, at home and/or at the autism centre. OHI-S and PI were recorded at each clinical visit (pre and post). Results: Statistically significant change in OHI and PI score was observed. (pvalue< 0.001) Conclusion: PECS can be a useful tool in helping children with autistic spectrum disorder to maintain oral hygiene and also to communicate before and during the preventive dental treatment procedures.
Crystal and magnetic structures of the complex perovskites LaCu3(Mn4–xFex)O12 with colossal magnetoresistance

Abstract We have studied the series of nominal composition LaCu3(Mn4–xFex)O12 (x = 0.5, 1) where Mn is replaced by Fe cations in the ferrimagnetic perovskite LaCu3Mn4O12. These materials have been synthesized in polycrystalline form under moderate pressure conditions of 2 GPa, in the presence of KClO4 as oxidizing agent. All the samples have been studied by neutron powder diffraction (NPD) at room temperature (RT) in order to study the crystal structure. The sample with nominal x = 1 has also been studied by NPD at low temperature to determine its magnetic structure. These oxides crystallize in the cubic space group Im-3 (No. 204) with general formula A'A3B4O12 and contain La3+ and (Cu2+, Mn3+) at the A sublattice of the perovskite, in a 1 : 3 ordered arrangement. NPD suggests that Mn4+/Mn3+ and Fe3+ occupy at random the octahedral B positions of the perovskite structure. The materials have also been characterized by magnetic and magnetotransport measurements. All the samples are ferrimagnetic and show a progressive decrease of TC as the Fe content increases. The replacement of Mn3+ cations by Fe3+ at the octahedral sublattice give rise to a decrease of TC since the Fe ions disturb the ferromagnetic interactions within this magnetic sublattice. The introduction of Fe changes the resistivity response from metallic to a semiconductor behavior. However, the magnetoresistance remains unchanged upon Fe doping and a sharp low-field response is observed below TC.
The Innovative Practice of the Development Path of Higher Vocational Continuing Education Under the Background of Promoting the Modernization of Educational Governance System and Governance Ability

Quality education is an important grasp of the construction of education system and personnel training in schools. It provides theoretical support for people's types and how to support people. We should integrate quality education in universities and actively explore the implementation path of quality education. As a Maritime Vocational University, Jiangsu Maritime College will seize the opportunity of building a demonstration school and explore new ideas of quality education in combination with the characteristics of the school. To establish a curriculum system with equal emphasis on two aspects of quality and a content system of quality education, we will focus on improving the marine cultural characteristics of the campus and emphasizing the educational characteristics of the school.
The effects of captions on L2 learners’ comprehension of vlogs

This study investigated the effects of captions on the listening comprehension of vlogs. A total of 96 EFL learners watched three vlogs under one of three conditions: L2 captions, L1 captions, and no captions. Each group included low-, mid-, and high-level proficiency learners. The vlogs differed in the pictorial support of the audio, with Vlog 1 being highly supported, Vlog 2 being partially supported, and Vlog 3 being slightly supported by pictorial images. After each vlog, the participants took a multiple-choice test measuring their comprehension of details. Afterwards, participants completed a questionnaire about their perception of captions. The findings suggest that the availability of captions may not necessarily lead to better listening comprehension because students, particularly lower proficiency learners, were unable to simultaneously process the multiple modalities (images, audio, and captions) due to their limited capacities of working memory and cognitive load. High-proficiency learners achieved better comprehension than lowand mid-proficiency learners and achieved their best comprehension with L2 captions. A significant increase in comprehension of vlogs caused by high pictorial support was detected, with the inverse relationship also being true. Analysis of the questionnaire indicated that participants consider L2 captions useful. For both L2 and L1 captions, students think that their listening comprehension would decrease without captions. When considering vlogs for L2 listening, language proficiency and pictorial support are better indicators of levels of comprehension. Captions might be beneficial when learners’ proficiency level is high. When visual images are highly supportive for the audio, better comprehension of vlogs is likely.
Authentic Modeling of Guitar Amplifiers and Effect Boxes

Amp modeling, the emulation of nonlinear guitar amplifiers or effect pedals by using digital signal processing algorithms, is a topic of continuous interest. The common approaches can be roughly classified into two categories. On the one hand there is the black box modeling, in which only the quantities that can be measured at the system inputs and outputs are available and used [1]. On the other hand, we speak of white box modeling if knowledge of the interior (usually the schematics) is required for development. The most common methods are wave digital filters [2] and state-space representation [3, 4].
Energy-Optimal Control of RO Desalination

A novel model-based control system for the operation of a spiral-wound RO membrane desalination system was developed with a focus on maintaining energy-optimal operation. The control scheme utilized an operational model for spiral-wound RO desalting with a supervisory controller providing real-time updates of membrane permeability and the appropriate feed pressure set-points for maintaining the target permeate productivity at the lowest feasible specific energy consumption. System RO feed pressure and flow rates were controlled by a lower-level RO controller through adjustment of the RO high pressure feed pump, variable frequency drive, and RO concentrate valve. Seawater desalination tests with an RO plant, capable of permeate productivity up to 18 000 gallons/day, demonstrated effective self-adaptive energy-optimal operation, subject to feed salinity fluctuations, constraints imposed by the system’s physical limitations (i.e., minimum and maximum feasible operational pressures and flow rates), and the th.
SDRV: Real-Time On-Device Subtitles Detection, Recognition and Voicing

The paper presents a computationally efficient approach to real-time subtitle detection, recognition, and voicing (SDRV). Video text spotting and recognition have seen rapid development, with the emergence of deep learning (DL), but the problem of video subtitles detection and recognition on the fly, taking into account the limitations implied by on-device realization, has not been sufficiently addressed in the existing literature. The proposed system consists of a novel subtitle tracking module, based on the processing of three consecutive frames by a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based classifier, a subtitle text line localization module based on single shot multibox detector (SSD) architecture, and the proposed adaptation of convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) architecture for on-device implementation text recognition using a new chunking procedure for the CNN input and merging this data in the RNN part. The subtitles recognition results are voiced by a text-to-speech (TTS) engine, making it possible to hear the translation of the audio track in a foreign language for visually impaired people who are unable to read the subtitles in their language. On-device end-to-end evaluation of the proposed approach demonstrates high accuracy with a Word Recognition Rate (WRR) of 92.1% and low latency of 250 ms.
Facial attractiveness and preference of sexual dimorphism: A comparison across five populations

Abstract Abstract Despite intensive research, evolutionary psychology has not yet reached a consensus regarding the association between sexual dimorphism and attractiveness. This study examines associations between perceived and morphological facial sexual dimorphism and perceived attractiveness in samples from five distant countries (Cameroon, Colombia, Czechia, Iran and Turkey). We also examined possible moderating effects of skin lightness, averageness, age, body mass and facial width. Our results suggest that in all samples, women's perceived femininity was positively related to their perceived attractiveness. Women found perceived masculinity in men attractive only in Czechia and Colombia, two distant populations. The association between perceived sexual dimorphism and attractiveness is thus potentially universal only for women. Across populations, morphological sexual dimorphism and averageness are not universally associated with either perceived facial sexual dimorphism or attractiveness. With our exploratory approach, results highlight the need for control of which measure of sexual dimorphism is used (perceived or measured) because they affect perceived attractiveness differently. Morphological averageness and sexual dimorphism are not good predictors of perceived attractiveness. It is noted that future studies should use samples from multiple populations to allow for identification of specific effects of local environmental and socioeconomic conditions on preferred traits in unmanipulated local facial stimuli.
Combined electrochemistry and mass spectrometry imaging to interrogate the mechanism of action of modafinil, a cognition-enhancing drug, at the cellular and sub-cellular level

Abstract (A) Microscope view during the intracellular vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry experiment (scale bar = 20 μm). (B) Normalised frequency histogram for the number of molecules stored in vesicles in control (blue) and modafinil-treated cells (red). The distribution fits are shown for control cells with a dashed line and modafinil-treated cells with a solid line. (C) Average of the number of molecules stored per vesicle in PC12 cells treated without (control) or with 10 μM modafinil. Number of analysed cells: control cells (15 cells) and modafinil-treated cells (18 cells). The results were compared by a two-tailed Mann–Whitney rank-sum test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001. Abstract Modafinil is a mild psychostimulant-like drug enhancing wakefulness, improving attention and developing performance in various cognitive tasks, but its mechanism of action is not completely understood. This is the first combination of amperometry, electrochemical cytometry and mass spectrometry to interrogate the mechanism of action of a drug, here modafinil, at cellular and sub-cellular level. We employed single-cell amperometry (SCA) and intracellular vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (IVIEC) to investigate the alterations in exocytotic release and vesicular catecholamine storage following modafinil treatment. The SCA results reveal that modafinil slows down the exocytosis process so that, the number of catecholamines released per exocytotic event is enhanced in the modafinil-treated cells. Also, IVIEC results offer an upregulation effect of modafinil on the vesicular catecholamine storage. Mass spectrometry imaging by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) illustrates that treatment with modafinil reduces the cylindrical-shaped phosphatidylcholine at the cellular membrane, while the high curvature lipids with conical structures such as phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol are elevated after modafinil treatment. Combining the results obtained by SCA, IVIEC and ToF-SIMS suggests that modafinil-treated cells release a larger portion of their vesicular content at least in part by changing the lipid composition of the cell membrane, suggesting regulation of cognition.