Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anaerobic Co-Digestion of High Strength Food Waste with Municipal Sewage Sludge: An assessment of Digester Performance and gas production

Anaerobic digestion is perhaps the simplest and most widely accepted method for solids and residuals management in the field of wastewater treatment. An emerging trend with regard to anaerobic digestion is the addition of additional organic or industrial wastes rich in degradable material (COD) that can lead to increased methane production and reduce the energy demand of the facility. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of adding significant quantities (>20% of feed volume) of High – Strength Food Wastes (HSW) to digesters treating conventional municipal sludge by monitoring key parameters such as pH, influent and effluent solids, ammonia, Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) and alkalinity. Daily gas production was also closely monitored. Four digesters were set up and exposed to different food waste loading rates. A comparison was drawn between the performance of these reactors, one of which was fed only with sewage sludge and served as the control. If the bacteria in the system are able to metabolize this additional COD, it should show up as an increase in gas production with little or no increase in effluent COD. Ammonia is another crucial parameter that needs to be closely watched as it can have an inhibitory effect on methane production. As part of this study, the impact of addition of free ammonium (simulating high ammonium concentration in the feed sludge or food waste) on digester performance was assessed. The digesters were closely monitored for signs of poor performance or failure.
Comparing Univariate and Multivariate Models to Forecast Portfolio Value-at-Risk

This article compares multivariate and univariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models to forecast portfolio value-at-risk (VaR). We provide a comprehensive look at the problem by considering realistic models and diversified portfolios containing a large number of assets, using both simulated and real data. Moreover, we rank the models by implementing statistical tests of comparative predictive ability. We conclude that multivariate models outperform their univariate counterparts on an out-of-sample basis. In particular, among the models considered in this article, the dynamic conditional correlation model with Student's t errors seems to be the most appropriate specification when implemented to estimate the VaR of the real portfolios analyzed. Copyright The Author, 2012. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org, Oxford University Press.
Effects of co-varying diel-cycling hypoxia and pH on disease susceptibility in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica

Diel-cycling hypoxia co-occurs with diel-cycling pH in shallow waters that are typically considered as refuge from deep-water hypoxia and are, therefore, targeted for restoration. These areas also tend to be heavily impaired by eutrophication from nutrient over-enrichment which increases the occurrence and severity of hypoxia and pH cycles. We used laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of diel-cycling dissolved oxygen (DO) and co-varying diel-cycling pH on infections of Perkinsus spp. and hemocyte activity in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. Perkinsus marinus is the protistan parasite that causes Dermo disease in oysters. Severe diel-cycling DO increased the acquisition and progression of Perkinsus infections during exposure, and had a legacy effect the next year. Diel-cycling pH did not significantly affect infection dynamics either on its own or in combination with diel-cycling DO. Diel-cycling DO and pH both individually and in conjunction stimulated hemocyte activity, although this stimulated activity may not be effective at preventing Perkinsus infection. The magnitude of cycling conditions is an important consideration when choosing restoration sites, as severe cycling may hinder the reestablishment of oysters by creating areas that serve as reservoirs for parasites that can infect nearby populations.
Microbial community dynamics in anaerobic digestion

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Filtering and Ranking for Security Bug Report Prediction Journal Item

Security bug reports can describe security critical vulnerabilities in software products. Bug tracking systems may contain thousands of bug reports, where relatively few of them are security related. Therefore finding unlabelled security bugs among them can be challenging. To help security engineers identify these reports quickly and accurately, text-based prediction models have been proposed. These can often mislabel security bug reports due to a number of reasons such as class imbalance, where the ratio of non-security to security bug reports is very high. More critically, we have observed that the presence of security related keywords in both security and non-security bug reports can lead to the mislabelling of security bug reports. This paper proposes FARSEC, a framework for filtering and ranking bug reports for reducing the presence of security related keywords. Before building prediction models, our framework identifies and removes non-security bug reports with security related keywords. We demonstrate that FARSEC improves the performance of text-based prediction models for security bug reports in 90% of cases. Specifically, we evaluate it with 45,940 bug reports from Chromium and four Apache projects. With our framework, we mitigate the class imbalance issue and reduce the number of mislabelled security bug reports by 38%.
Enhancing geophysical signals from archaeological sites trough the use of wavelet transforms

Various levels and types of noise are responsible for hindering the valuable information obtained through shallow depth geophysical exploration of archaeological sites. Wavelet transform techniques were tested as a method for decomposition of the original geophysical data in order to eliminate the noise levels inherent to the geophysical measurements. Unsupervised classification techniques were employed for the final fusion of different datasets originating from various surveys or processing procedures. The resulting images were able to enhance the subsurface targets, eliminating the noise levels and exploiting fully the properties of the geophysical techniques used.
Pricing Network Effects

The increase in the information that firms can collect or purchase about network effects across consumers motivates two important questions: how does a firm's pricing strategy react to detailed information on network effects? Are the availability and use of such information beneficial or detrimental to consumer surplus? We develop a model in which a monopoly sells a network good and price discriminates based on information about consumers' influence and consumers' susceptibility to influence. The monopoly optimally offers consumers price discounts for their influence and charges price premia for their susceptibility; the price premia and the price discounts are simple functions of the pattern of network effects. We determine under which conditions, relative to uniform price, consumer surplus increases, and we characterize the value of information on network effects for the monopoly.
The utility of daily large-scale climate data in the assessment of climate change impacts on daily streamflow in California

Abstract. Three statistical downscaling methods were applied to NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (used as a surrogate for the best possible general circulation model), and the downscaled meteorology was used to drive a hydrologic model over California. The historic record was divided into an "observed" period of 1950–1976 to provide the basis for downscaling, and a "projected" period of 1977–1999 for assessing skill. The downscaling methods included a bias-correction/spatial downscaling method (BCSD), which relies solely on monthly large scale meteorology and resamples the historical record to obtain daily sequences, a constructed analogues approach (CA), which uses daily large-scale anomalies, and a hybrid method (BCCA) using a quantile-mapping bias correction on the large-scale data prior to the CA approach. At 11 sites we compared three simulated daily flow statistics: streamflow timing, 3-day peak flow, and 7-day low flow. While all downscaling methods produced reasonable streamflow statistics at most locations, the BCCA method consistently outperformed the other methods, capturing the daily large-scale skill and translating it to simulated streamflows that more skillfully reproduced observationally-driven streamflows.
Lag length selection in panel autoregression

ABSTRACT Model selection by BIC is well known to be inconsistent in the presence of incidental parameters. This article shows that, somewhat surprisingly, even without fixed effects in dynamic panels BIC is inconsistent and overestimates the true lag length with considerable probability. The reason for the inconsistency is explained, and the probability of overestimation is found to be 50% asymptotically. Three alternative consistent lag selection methods are considered. Two of these modify BIC, and the third involves sequential testing. Simulations evaluate the performance of these alternative lag selection methods in finite samples.
Stress-Driven Discovery of New Angucycline-Type Antibiotics from a Marine Streptomyces pratensis NA-ZhouS1

Natural products from marine actinomycetes remain an important resource for drug discovery, many of which are produced by the genus, Streptomyces. However, in standard laboratory conditions, specific gene clusters in microbes have long been considered silent or covert. Thus, various stress techniques activated latent gene clusters leading to isolation of potential metabolites. This study focused on the analysis of two new angucycline antibiotics isolated from the culture filtrate of a marine Streptomyces pratensis strain NA-ZhouS1, named, stremycin A (1) and B (2) which were further determined based on spectroscopic techniques such as high resolution time of flight mass spectrometry (HR-TOF-MS), 1D, and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. In addition, four other known compounds, namely, 2-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-cyclohexyl)-6-oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-4yl]-acetamide (3), cyclo[l-(4-hydroxyprolinyl)-l-leucine] (4), 2-methyl-3H-quinazoline-4-one (5), and menthane derivative, 3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-isopropyl-10,12-dioxatricyclo[7.2. 1.0]dodec-4-en-8-one (6) were obtained and elucidated by means of 1D NMR spectrometry. Herein, we describe the “Metal Stress Technique” applied in the discovery of angucyclines, a distinctive class of antibiotics that are commonly encoded in microbiomes but have never been reported in “Metal Stress” based discovery efforts. Novel antibiotics 1 and 2 exhibited antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli with equal minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16 µg/mL, while these antibiotics showed inhibition against Bacillus subtilis at MIC value of approximately 8–16 µg/mL, respectively. As a result, the outcome of this investigation revealed that metal stress is an effective technique in unlocking the biosynthetic potential and resulting production of novel antibiotics.
Characterization and modeling of multi-conductor transmission line using Finite-difference Time-Domain method

OF THE THESIS Characterization and modeling of Multi-Conductor Transmission Line using Finite-Difference Time-Domain method by Sanjay Bajracharya Florida International University, 1996 Miami, Florida Tadeusz M. Babij, Major Professor A two-dimensional, 2D, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to analyze two different models of multi-conductor transmission lines (MTL). The first model is a two-conductor MTL and the second is a threeconductor MTL. Apart from the MTL's, a three-dimensional, 3D, FDTD method is used to analyze a three-patch microstrip parasitic array. While the MTL analysis is entirely in time-domain, the microstrip parasitic array is a study of scattering parameter Sn in the frequency-domain. The results clearly indicate that FDTD is an efficient and accurate tool to model and analyze multiconductor transmission line as well as microstrip antennas and arrays. Table of
Cross-Cultural Perspectives on College Students ’ Beliefs , Values and Spirituality at Seventh-day Adventist Institutions

College student‟s beliefs, values, and spirituality have become the focus of a major national research project in recent years, conducted by the Higher Education Research Institute (HERI) housed at University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and sponsored by a substantial grant from the John Templeton Foundation (HERI website). After a pilot survey conducted in 2003, the College Students' Beliefs and Values Survey (CSBV) was administered in the fall 2004 to 112,232 entering freshmen students of 236 colleges and universities in the United States, with a follow up sample of 15,000 of these students in spring 2007. As a nationally representative sample of institutions of higher education, the study included both quantitative and qualitative focus group interview approaches.
Nucleic acid detection using a universal electrochemical sensor for SNS differentiation

Nucleic acid detection using a universal electrochemical sensor for SNS differentiation Detección de ácidos nucleicos usando un sensor electroquímico universal para la discriminación de SNS Percy Calvo-Marzal1, Dmitry M. Kolpashchikov1,2,3 and Karin Y. Chumbimuni-Torres1 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, FL 32816 2 National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 3 Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 Recibido el 26 de diciembre del 2017, aceptado el 31 de diciembre del 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2017.0008/ Abstract Nucleic acid detection with high sensitivity and selectivity capabilities could aid in the diagnosis of varies diseases such as: infections, cancer, among others. Discrimination of a mismatch or single nucleotide substitution (SNS) is challenge due to a minimum pair to pair formation double strand needed to stabilize the structure. Here we present a new approach to atinge the needed stability by using additional segments strains to favored stabilization. The use of additional complementary strains facilitates the discrimination of a SNS in a cooperative way. Keywords: Nuclei acid, Single nucleotide substitution, infection, cancer
CFD-based process modelling of a rotary furnace for aluminium scrap melting

A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based process model of a rotary furnace for aluminium scrap melting was developed and integrated with user-developed sub-models. The model consists of a gas region with turbulent flow and combustion, radiative heat transfer in the upper part of the furnace, a solid region of the furnace lining, and a solid-liquid region of salt and metal in the lower part of the furnace. Scrap melting and scrap burn-off in the solid-liquid region were simulated by the user-developed sub-models. A discritised population balance model for aluminium scrap was established to represent the distributed nature of the scrap feed. Industrial data measurements were carried out to support and validate the model. Based on the developed process model, the influence of the distributed scrap properties, burn-off rate, the pre-treatment of the feed, and the natural gas firing strategy on scrap melting time and natural gas consumption was studied.
Transitions in Family Structure and Children ’ s Wellbeing

A considerable body of research explores associations between marital dissolution, single-parent family structure, and child wellbeing. Although about 30 percent of children will spend some time in stepfamilies, the effects of maternal re-partnering on children’s wellbeing have received much less scrutiny. We use longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and Hierarchical Linear Models (multilevel models) to estimate the effects of family structure transitions, with a specific focus on maternal re-partnering, on children’s achievement and behavior trajectories. We consider whether these effects vary by children’s ages and assess whether they are transitory or persist over time. Moreover, we focus on whether there are differences in these effects when maternal “re-partnerings” constitute cohabitations or marriages, as well as whether they differ by maternal education level. This research has implications for policies and programs regarding marriage and family formation and those that promote child wellbeing for children in complex families.
The Penghu Submarine Canyon off Southwestern Taiwan: Morphology and Origin

The main course of the Penghu Submarine Canyon extends along the intersection of the Kaoping Slope and the South China Sea Slope in a nearly north-south direction. It-is about 180 km long from its head below the shelfbreak of the Taiwan Strait Shelf to its mouth merging into the Manila Trench. This canyon consists of two distinct parts: an upper reach and a lower reach. Three major tributary canyons join into the main course to form a fanshaped upper reach of the canyon. It mainly occupies the upper slopes extensively cut by tributary canyons and gullies and has a maximum width of about 80 km opened up by tributary canyons. The upper reach shows high relief, steep walls and V-shaped cross sections, showing typical canyon morphology. The lower reach is characterized by a single course without tributary canyons. It shows broad trough in cross section and relatively small relief between edges and bottom of the canyon without characteristic canyon morphology. The floors of the Penghu Canyon show a gentle continuous inclination with an average slope angle of about one degree. A knick point about 2500 m deep separates the canyon into the upper reach with a steep slope angle f 1.42 degrees and the lower reach with a gentle slope angle of 0.5 degree. Canyon relief along its course changes from its head to the mouth considerably and ranges from about 54 to 845 m. Downward excavation by downslope sediment flows and slumping and sliding on the canyon walls are the major forming processes in the canyon head and upper part of the canyon. Head and upper part of the canyon. Diapiric intrusions are mainly responsible for the high relief of the lower parts of upper reach of the canyon. The lower reach of the canyon is mainly formed by low-intensity downward erosion and mild structural uplift by thrust faults.
The Application of Augmented Reality for Intervention to People with Autism Spectrum Disorders

For people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the application of a technological tool, like augmented reality (AR), in their intervention programs is a new and still unexplored option. This literature review examines studies that have used AR for direct intervention to people with ASD. It must be mentioned though that since the incorporation of AR in intervention programs is in its infancy, this literature review will only provide a review of the few initial studies that exist and also some proposals for future development and
CONTROLLING SEISMIC RESPONSE WITH SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY DEVICES

Recently, interest has emerged in investigating the potential for use of advanced materials in developing new and innovative structural response modification devices for seismic applications, such as for seismic isolator and damping systems. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a class of metals that have the capability to dissipate energy through repeated cycling loading without significant permanent deformations. They have a high usable strain range (up to about 8%) compared to other metals, and thus require a smaller volume of material in order to produce the same damping capacity. They also possess an inherent ability to provide stiff elastic resistance at large displacements. One of the most promising of these alloys is a material composed of essentially equal percentages of nickel and titanium (Nitinol). Although relatively commonplace in other fields such as biomedical applications, the development of SMA devices for seismic applications is still in the infancy stages. Consequently, fundamental studies of their basic behavioural characteristics are crucial. In this paper we report our study that examines the response of a wide range of single-degree-of-freedom systems modified with various SMA devices. These fundamental systems have been subjected to near-field and far-field earthquakes ground motions scaled to two levels of peak ground velocity (because of the nonlinear nature of the SMA response). Hysteretic responses have been evaluated to compare the behaviours over a range of SMA device characteristics. Results show that a clearly defined period exists above which the strains within the SDOF system become unacceptably large. For these systems the SMA device must be reconfigured to ensure strain behaviour is within acceptable limits. This period varies with earthquake scaling, device type and supplemental damping. Further, a balance must be struck between the natural period of the system and the hysteretic characteristics of the damper in order to produce responses that meet the goals of seismic isolation, which include reduced forces and accelerations at the expense of increased displacements.
Design of Real Time Battery Management Unit for PV-Hybrid System by Application of Coulomb Counting Method

This paper presents a real-time battery management unit designed by applying the Coulomb counting method and intended for use in an integrated renewable energy system for PV-Hybrid power supply. Battery management is required to stabilize hybrid systems and extend battery lifetimes. The battery management unit is divided into three main stages. Firstly, analysis of the basic components of the battery type used in the system is considered. Secondly, the state of charge (SOC) estimation method and the deterioration factor of the battery are analyzed. Finally, the overall battery management system, including a computer-based measurement and control unit, is constructed. The control system displays real-time information through LabVIEW 8.5 by estimating the state of charge through various measurements. The system will issue alerts when malfunctions are detected, and the operator can analyze and react to the system in real time to stabilize the system and extend the battery lifetime.