Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HILPDA Regulates Lipid Metabolism, Lipid Droplet Abundance, and Response to Microenvironmental Stress in Solid Tumors

Accumulation of lipid droplets has been observed in an increasing range of tumors. However, the molecular determinants of this phenotype and the impact of the tumor microenvironment on lipid droplet dynamics are not well defined. The hypoxia-inducible and lipid droplet associated protein HILPDA is known to regulate lipid storage and physiologic responses to feeding conditions in mice, and was recently shown to promote hypoxic lipid droplet formation through inhibition of the rate-limiting lipase adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Here, we identify fatty acid loading and nutrient deprivation–induced autophagy as stimuli of HILPDA-dependent lipid droplet growth. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human tumor cells, we found that genetic ablation of HILPDA compromised hypoxia–fatty acid– and starvation-induced lipid droplet formation and triglyceride storage. Nutrient deprivation upregulated HILPDA protein posttranscriptionally by a mechanism requiring autophagic flux and lipid droplet turnover, independent of HIF1 transactivation. Mechanistically, loss of HILPDA led to elevated lipolysis, which could be corrected by inhibition of ATGL. Lipidomic analysis revealed not only quantitative but also qualitative differences in the glycerolipid and phospholipid profile of HILPDA wild-type and knockout cells, indicating additional HILPDA functions affecting lipid metabolism. Deletion studies of HILPDA mutants identified the N-terminal hydrophobic domain as sufficient for targeting to lipid droplets and restoration of triglyceride storage. In vivo, HILPDA-ablated cells showed decreased intratumoral triglyceride levels and impaired xenograft tumor growth associated with elevated levels of apoptosis. Implications: Tumor microenvironmental stresses induce changes in lipid droplet dynamics via HILPDA. Regulation of triglyceride hydrolysis is crucial for cell homeostasis and tumor growth.
Identification of a four‐gene metabolic signature predicting overall survival for hepatocellular carcinoma

While hundreds of consistently altered metabolic genes had been identified in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the prognostic role of them remains to be further elucidated. Messenger RNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas—Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma and GSE14520 data set from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Univariate Cox regression analysis and lasso Cox regression model established a novel four‐gene metabolic signature (including acetyl‐CoA acetyltransferase 1, glutamic‐oxaloacetic transaminase 2, phosphatidylserine synthase 2, and uridine‐cytidine kinase 2) for HCC prognosis prediction. Patients in the high‐risk group shown significantly poorer survival than patients in the low‐risk group. The signature was significantly correlated with other negative prognostic factors such as higher α‐fetoprotein. The signature was found to be an independent prognostic factor for HCC survival. Nomogram including the signature shown some clinical net benefit for overall survival prediction. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analyses revealed several significantly enriched pathways, which might help explain the underlying mechanisms. Our study identified a novel robust four‐gene metabolic signature for HCC prognosis prediction. The signature might reflect the dysregulated metabolic microenvironment and provided potential biomarkers for metabolic therapy and treatment response prediction in HCC.
Genome-wide association and evolutionary analyses reveal the formation of swine facial wrinkles in Chinese Erhualian pigs

Wrinkles are uneven concave-convex folds, ridges or creases in skin. Facial wrinkles appear in head, typically increasing along with aging. However in several Chinese indigenous pigs, such as Erhualian pigs, rich facial wrinkles have been generated during the growth stages as one of their breed characteristics. To investigate the genetic basis underlying the development of swine facial wrinkles, we estimated the folding extent of facial wrinkles in a herd of Erhualian pigs (n=332), and then conducted genome-wide association studies and multi-trait meta-analysis for facial wrinkles using 60K porcine chips. We found that facial wrinkles had high heritability estimates of ~0.7 in Erhualian pigs. Notably, only one genome-wide significant QTL was detected at 34.8 Mb on porcine chromosome 7. The most significant SNP rs80983858 located at the 3255-bp downstream of candidate gene GRM4, and the G allele was of benefit to increase facial wrinkles. Evolutionary and selection analyses suggested that the haplotypes containing G allele were under artificial selection, which was consistent with local animal sacrificial custom praying for longevity. Our findings made important clues for further deciphering the molecular mechanism of swine facial wrinkles formation, and shed light on the research of skin wrinkle development in human or other mammals.
Engineering of exosomes: Steps towards green production of drug delivery systems.

Although many drug delivery systems have been developed to achieve excellent drug therapeutic index ,however, most of these systems still have biocompatibility problems as well as they cause environmental pollution. Therefore, exosomes as biological carries are considered as biocompatible, biodegradable and safe to the environment in comparison with synthetic drug delivery systems. Biologically, exosomes are considered as natural cargoes for bioactive material as well as they involved in the transport of cellular signaling and communications. In respect to biological origin of exosomes, they could be produced by top down techniques of cell engineering. Hence they are considered as green drug delivery system without environmental hazard. In this regards, exosomes are considered as promising drug delivery systems. This review highlights exosome as green drug delivery systems engineering, isolation, characterization, application and limitations.
Emergence of a Novel Recombinant Norovirus GII.P16-GII.12 Strain Causing Gastroenteritis, Alberta, Canada

We identified a novel recombinant GII.P16-GII.12 norovirus associated with epidemic and endemic gastroenteritis during March 1, 2018–February 12, 2019, in Alberta, Canada. GII.12 viruses have not been detected in Alberta since 2000. Comparing the full genome of this strain to previously published sequences revealed this virus to be a novel recombinant strain.
Switching of INCENP paralogs controls transitions in mitotic chromosomal passenger complex functions

ABSTRACT A single inner centromere protein (INCENP) found throughout eukaryotes modulates Aurora B kinase activity and chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) localization, which is essential for timely mitotic progression. It has been proposed that INCENP might act as a rheostat to regulate Aurora B activity through mitosis, with successively higher activity threshold levels for chromosome alignment, the spindle checkpoint, anaphase spindle transfer and finally spindle elongation and cytokinesis. It remains mechanistically unclear how this would be achieved. Here, we reveal that the urochordate, Oikopleura dioica, possesses two INCENP paralogs, which display distinct localizations and subfunctionalization in order to complete M-phase. INCENPa was localized on chromosome arms and centromeres by prometaphase, and modulated Aurora B activity to mediate H3S10/S28 phosphorylation, chromosome condensation, spindle assembly and transfer of the CPC to the central spindle. Polo-like kinase (Plk1) recruitment to CDK1 phosphorylated INCENPa was crucial for INCENPa-Aurora B enrichment on centromeres. The second paralog, INCENPb was enriched on centromeres from prometaphase, and relocated to the central spindle at anaphase onset. In the absence of INCENPa, meiotic spindles failed to form, and homologous chromosomes did not segregate. INCENPb was not required for early to mid M-phase events but became essential for the activity and localization of Aurora B on the central spindle and midbody during cytokinesis in order to allow abscission to occur. Together, our results demonstrate that INCENP paralog switching on centromeres modulates Aurora B kinase localization, thus chronologically regulating CPC functions during fast embryonic divisions in the urochordate O. dioica. Abbreviations: CCAN: constitutive centromere-associated network; CENPs: centromere proteins; cmRNA: capped messenger RNA; CPC: chromosomal passenger complex; INCENP: inner centromere protein; Plk1: polo-like kinase 1; PP1: protein phosphatase 1; PP2A: protein phosphatase 2A; SAC: spindle assembly checkpoint; SAH: single α-helix domain
MIPS RISC Architecture

1. RISC Architecture: An Overview. 2. MIPS Processor Architecture Overview. 3. CPU Instruction Set Summary. 4. Memory Management System. 5. Caches. 6. Exception Processing. 7. FPU Overview. 8. FPU Instruction Set Summary and Instruction Pipeline. 9. Floating Point Exceptions. Appendixes. Index.
The Impact of Improving Debugging Skill on Programming Ability

Abstract This paper reports on a continuing study into teaching programming to adult novice students. As part of the study we aim to find students’ pattern of behavior when they are programming in Java. In a broader perspective, we are interested in improving the students’ ability to write programming. By patterns of behavior, we mean finding the frequently made compiler errors and the pattern of debugging. We claim that incorporating students’ most common errors in a form of debugging exercise will improve their ability to program.
Short-Term Load Combination Forecast Based on Rough Set and Support Vector Machine

A short-term load combination forecasting model based on rough set and support vector machine was proposed in this paper, firstly build decision table based on historical data, and data mining the data through attribute reduction algorithms, and then use the results of prediction methods to be the input of the SVM, practical load value to be the output, training according to the algorithm of the SVM. the result shows that the SVM combination forecasting model has a better balance fitting and extrapolation,and its prediction accuracy is better than single prediction model.
Line detection in a noisy environment with weighted Radon transform

One of the most popular approaches to detect lines is based on the Radon transform (RT). But in real-world applications RT-based approach suffers from the noise and clutter, because they decrease the sharpness of the local maximums. In this paper we suggest a new approach to computational effective line detection using the Weighted Radon Transform (WRT). The suggested WRT-based approach uses gradient direction information, so only the differences that are perpendicular to the line direction are integrated to make a local maximum corresponding to the line. The theoretical and experimental studies show the effectiveness of the WRT-based line detection. The suggested WRTbased algorithm can be effectively implemented in real-time systems using parallelization and FFT-based techniques.
Compilation of scientific programs into multithreaded and message driven computation

Many programs written in the SPMD programming model send messages asynchronously, and block when receiving messages. Multiple threads can make use of the processor while other threads wait for messages. This paper describes and evaluates two techniques for multithreading on the nodes of distributed memory message passing systems. One method is a purely runtime threads package. The second method requires the SPMD code to be systematically transformed into message driven code which can be run under a message driven model. The multithreading of scientific applications is evaluated on the iPSC2 and the CM5. <<ETX>>
Constructing Power-Aware Multicast Virtual Networks

Power consumption of Internet is becoming more and more a sensible problem, which is of interest for both the research community and the general public. In this paper we have formally defined the power-aware multicast VN construction problem and setup an ILP model whose objective is to find a virtual topology on top of substrate network fulfilling all restrictions, while the power consumption of construction is minimized. In order to address the problem efficiently we develop a greedy algorithm: PMVNMH. The efficiency of the power-aware construction algorithm is evaluated by emulation experiment.
The universal standard bibliographic code (USBC): its use for clearing, merging and controlling large databases

The history of the Universal Standard Bibliographic Code (USBC) is traced from its original concept as a machine generated control number to its present status as a means of merging catalogues, eliminating duplication and providing quality control in machine‐based bibliographic databases. Details are given of the early research work, the feasibility study that was carried out in connection with the United Kingdom Library Database System (UKLDS), the DOCMATCH Project and the work on expert systems. A resume is given of the present work and proposed areas for research.
Semantic Mapping of Color Feature and its Application in Content Based Image Retrieval

To support content based image retrieval, MPEG-7 is developed to define the content interfaces for images. In MPEG-7, Dominant Color Descriptor (DCD) is considered as the most important feature, and is widely used to describe the color features of an image. To support semantic queries from users, we proposed a color feature semantic mapping method in this work, which can translate the DCD values into semantic color names. The semantic mapping method is realized by constructing a mapping table between the DCD values and the semantic color names. To validate the effectiveness of our mapping method, an image retrieval experiment is conducted. From the comparison with the manually indexed description, the proposed mapping method is proved to be effective by the experiment results. Our work is very important to automatically generate the semantic description of an image and then support the users’ semantic retrieval queries.
Normalized iterative feedback tuning with modified feedback experiment

We present a novel feedback experiment in the Iterative Feedback Tuning (IFT) method. The original IFT method requires a special feedback experiment, which cannot be carried out during normal operation. The proposed method replaces the previous special feedback experiment with a new experiment, where a test signal for the tuning can be generated during a normal operation. The test signal is synthesized by perturbing the reference signal with the error signal on a reduced scale. The authors derive a formula for the new feedback experiment. This feedback experiment has importance in that the IFT method can be extended to the online tuning scheme if every experiment begins at the same states or if the experiment interval is sufficiently so large that the transient effects of the initial states can be neglected. The amendment in the assumption of the initial condition is out of the scope of the paper.
Control parameters for the quantum Deutsch algorithm

An example of two-qubit scenario for finding an optimal control parameters on a spin chain to implement the quantum Deutsch algorithm is provided. Two cases are studied in this paper: two-qubit and three-qubit systems. The latter case is used to study the impact of interaction with an environment on the outcome of the algorithm.
Coherency for the Binary Symmetric Channel

For the purpose of communication system planning, predictions of system performance based upon models of an ideal coherent channel are extensively used. Previous work has demonstrated the deleterious effects of radio frequency (RF) phase error on channel performance by machine computation of an integral derived by statistically averaging over the phase error. The required receiver performance in estimating the RF phase for detecting binary coherent signals is further examined. Upper and lower bounds are generated which measure the inaccuracy of the familiar performance formula derived from the idealized coherent channel model. The bounds are obtained analytically without resorting to machine computation. The Tikhonov probability distribution for the RF reference phase error is used. The principal result is the relation \sigma_{\varpi}^{2} \leq (kE/N_{0})^{-1} where \sigma_{\varpi}^{2} is the variance in the error of the derived carrier phase, E/N_{0} is the energy (per uncoded symbol) to noise density ratio required by the ideal coherent channel, and k is a factor relating to the tolerable degradation in error rate as given by the bounds. If k is on the order of 3 the symbol error rate no more than doubles; in general a k of 10 will suffice for no degradation in error rate.
KM in a fast‐growing global IT company: a case study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the business problems found in a fast growing European network security software company, define knowledge management (KM) initiatives that were implemented to solve these business problems and outline the necessary factors that made the implementation of these initiatives successful. The main driver behind implementing KM was to improve the various aspects of customer service.Design/methodology/approach – Case study conducted over a period of three years by one of the management personnels.Findings – The paper finds that when a company has a well‐defined KM strategy aligned with its business strategy, when it takes into consideration the three pillars of KM (people, technology and processes), when it not only focuses on a codification approach but also on socialization approaches and when leadership is present to support, motivate and involve people, a KM initiative can be easily implemented and can generate significant benefits.Practical implications – T.
Opportunities and Challenges of Teaching Machine Learning as a Design Material with the micro:bit

There has been a growing focus on preparing children for navigating a future where digital technologies, such as Machine Learning (ML), are present in both society and personal life. In order to let students explore how ML is embedded into our infrastructure, we designed ml-machine.org, an educational tool for creating ML models with the micro:bit, and incorporating them into interactive systems, thus making ML a design material. Through an in-situ pilot study in an 8th grade classroom we demonstrates that students were able to redesign everyday objects around the possibilities and limitations imposed by ML, but that they struggled to understand more advanced parts of ML such as data representation. Based on these experiences we discuss focus areas for future directions of the tool: Enriching machine learning as a design material; exposing machine learning design practices; addressing the difficult parts.
The effects of an active development of the mental model in the training process: experimental results in a word processing system

Abstract Three different training programmes for a word processing system were experimentally compared: (1) a sequential programme, which taught low-level skills and which did not help the user actively to develop a mental model, (2) a hierarchical programme, which provided an explicit and integrated conceptual model of the system to the user and (3) a programme in which the users were asked to develop hypotheses on the functioning of the software and in which they were encouraged to use an active and exploratory approach. From an action theory point of view it was hypothesized that the third group would be superior to the first group. In an experimental study with two training sessions each of two hours and a two-hour testing session (n = 15), this was shown to be the case for several performance criteria (error time, transfer and experimenter rating). Additionally, an interindividual difference variable lo measure the individual learning style was used, giving results that could be interpreted in a simi.
Extracting Chinese Aliases of Products from the Titles of Selling Webpages

A product always has some different names in Chinese. Getting the aliases of these products is very important in e-commerce, online advertising, etc. Chinese aliases of a product are always placed in the titles of web pages on which this product is sold. Such titles are collected using search engine, and then a conditional random field is used to extract the aliases from them. To improve the performance, distributed representations of words are employed as features in the conditional random field. The method is tested on the real data, and the experimental results are analyzed.
Emoticons and Online Message Interpretation

The present study experimentally examines the impact of emoticons on message interpretation among secondary school students (N = 105). Furthermore, perceived motives for emoticon use are examined. Results show that emoticons do have an impact on message interpretation. Emoticons are useful in strengthening the intensity of a verbal message. Furthermore, it is possible to create ambiguity and express sarcasm online by varying the valence of the emoticon and the valence of the message. Overall, the authors conclude that to a large extent, emoticons serve the same functions as actual nonverbal behavior.
Speech recognition in the JAS 39 Gripen aircraft - adaptation to speech at dieren t G-loads

During the years 2000 and 2001, the speech of eight pilots flying the JAS 39 Gripen aircraft was recorded at Saab in Linköping. Thirty sentences were recorded on the ground and at different G-loads, with a maximum of 8G. The sentences were spoken in both Swedish and English. There was also some additional material which consisted of mostly spontaneous speech. The purpose of this Masters Thesis was to perform speech recognition on the material, and also adaptation to different G-loads, in order to see if this improved recognition. A reference test using a different clean speech database showed that the monophone model sets used for these experiments gave good performance in clean conditions. A first recognition test on the whole Gripen material recieved word accuracies of below 15 % for both languages. These low results are likely to be due to many factors: the noisy conditions under which the material was recorded; the recording channel; the oxygen mask breath noises and the spontaneous speech. Furthermore, speech recognition deteriorates with changes in articulation and in voice characteristics, caused by background noise and high G-loads. A decreasing tendency in the recognition results could be observed with increasing G-loads. The ground condition recieved a word accuracy of 60 %, whereas speech in 4G recieved word accuracies of 40 % for Swedish and 30 % for English. A re-training procedure was used to adapt the models to the characteristics of the speech. Furthermore, adaptation to specific G-loads was carried out using a combined MLLR and MAP approach. In the adaptation procedures, models for breath noise were trained from the adaptation material and included in the model sets in the subsequent tests. It was found that all recognition results improved significantly after adaptation, the ground condition now recieving scores of above 80 % for Swedish and just below 80 for English. For 4G, these figures were approximately 70 and 60 %. Tests on speech in the ground condition with and without the breathing models showed that modeling these acoustic events had a positive effect on the performance. It can be concluded that high G-loads complicate speech recognition, and that adaptation significantly improved results. Furthermore, adding breath models resulted in improved recognition scores.