Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptual Model Modification and the Millennium Drought of Southeastern Australia

Long-term droughts observed in southern Australia have changed relationships between annual rainfall and runoff and tested some of the assumptions implicit in rainfall–runoff models used in these areas. Predictive confidence across these periods is when low using the more commonly used rainfall–runoff models. Here we modified the GR4J model to better represent surface water–groundwater connection and its role in runoff generation. The modified model (GR7J) was tested in 137 catchments in south-east Australia. Models were calibrated during “wetter” periods and simulation across drought periods was assessed against observations. GR7J performed better than GR4J in evaluation during drought periods where bias was significantly lower and showed improved fit across the flow duration curve especially at low flows. The largest improvements in predictive performance were for catchments where there were larger changes in the annual rainfall–runoff relationship. The predictive performance of the GR7J model was more sensitive to objective function used than GR4J. The use of an objective function that combined daily and annual error produced a better goodness of fit when measured against 80, 50 and 20 percent excedance flow quantiles and reduced evaluation bias, especially for the GR7J model.
Retraction Retraction: Prediction of Presence of Breast Cancer Disease in the Patient using Machine Learning Algorithms and SFS ( IOP

Breast cancer disease is recognized as the common extensive malignant tumor in between women. Identification of the initial stage of malignant growth may treatment of this disease. Early treatment helps to alleviate the disease and helps anticipate its recurrence in women. Experts have used some fact checks and different medical methods or equipment to improve the accuracy of conclusions in clinical medical service management. In this article, it extensively discussed the implementation of data mining strategies to detection as well as prediction of breast malignant tumors, including random forest (RF), support vector classifier (SVC), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC), Decision Tree (DT) In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) to underline changes and show strong patterns in the informational index. The connection framework is likewise used to show the level of close relationship between attributes. The sequential feature selection (SFS) method is used for comparing the accuracy of a data set with all features and the accuracy of a classifier with selected features. The results show that RF_sfs, KNN_sfs, SVC_rbf and SVC_sfs have the highest and equal accuracy, which is 97.66%. They perform well and can predict the growth of harmful malignant tumors.
Immature life cycle of laboratory-reared Phylloicus elektoros and Phylloicus amazonas (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae) from a central Amazonian stream

We reared field-collected egg masses of the caddisflies Phylloicus amazonas (n = 2) and Phylloicus elektoros (n = 7) to adulthood. First instar larvae of both species hatched up to five days after field collection. Median development time from first larval instar to adult was 229 days for P. amazonas and 275 for P. elektoros, including the pupal development time (median of 13.5 and 16 days, respectively). Shredder organisms have been used frequently in studies related to organic matter processing in freshwater ecosystems. The biological information reported in here may be useful for the design of experimental studies in the field or under laboratory conditions.
A Design Approach for Identifying, Diagnosing and Controlling Soybean Diseases using CNN Based Computer Vision of the Leaves for Optimizing the Production

Leaves express the initial symptoms of many diseases in soybean crop. CNN based Computer-Vision (CV) of the leaf-images identifies, enables the diagnosing and controlling the soybean-crop diseases. All three actions need proactive maintenance and Operational Intelligence (OI) for the model used for the control measures. The OI optimizes production. The paper describes a new design approach. Proposed design deploys Computer-Vision (CV), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Edge AI Computing and the IoT. The approach consists of four-stage framework. Four stages are (1) Cameras in a chain of two sets of four cameras, each at two plants. (2) Edge-AI computing unit for each pair of plants at the field. (3) Edge-Server, which serves multiple networked edge units, one each of the two, sets of cameras. The server also functions as gateway for Internet connectivity with Cloud services. (4) Cloud services for the OI, proactively control the updating CNN model feature metrics, CV functions and camera operations.
SIW Cavity-Fed Filtennas for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications

In this article, novel millimeter-wave (mmWave) filtennas (filtering antennas) are proposed to realize compact size and low insertion loss for 5G applications. It is achieved by employing eighth-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (EMSIW) cavities fully shielded by metallized vias and cover as resonators, which are named as fully shielded EMSIW (FSD-EMSIW) cavities. Interdigital coupling between cavities is introduced in order to obtain higher coupling strength for wideband operation. The proposed single-polarized antenna consists of a feeding stripline, two FSD-EMSIW cavities, and two stacked square patches, generating the four-order filtering antenna response. Furthermore, this design has been extended to realize a dual-polarized filtenna by employing double sets of feeding network. For demonstration, single-/dual-polarized filtenna prototypes were fabricated and measured, the measured results show that the 5G mmWave band (24.25–29.5 GHz) can be covered with average gains of 4.5 dBi. Good bandpass filtering response is also observed. Finally, to validate the proposed idea in array applications, a 16-element filtenna array is designed and measured with good performance.
Examining the predictors of prosocial behavior in young offenders and nonoffenders

Research on young offenders has primarily focused on identifying predictors of the maladaptive, aggressive behavior; there is a scarcity of evidence on factors that relate to prosocial behavior in these adolescents. The current study examined the link from parenting, emotional instability, and prosocial reasoning to prosocial behavior, while also examining the mediating roles of empathic concern (EC) and perspective taking (PT) in a sample of Spanish adolescent offenders compared to a sample of nonoffenders. Participants were 440 adolescents: 220 young offenders residing in four Youth Detention Centres of Valencia (67.3% men) and 220 enrolled in public and private schools within the metropolitan area of Valencia (65.9% men). The two subsamples were similar in age (15−18 years), gender, and social class. Analyses show differences in mother’s permissiveness with empathy (PT and EC), in emotional instability and internalized reasoning with PT in predicting prosocial behavior in offenders and nonoffenders adolescents. EC and PT are significative and positively related to prosocial behavior in both groups. These findings have implications for prevention and reeducation interventions oriented to social reinsertion of adolescent offenders and the development of family and social counseling programs that favor adaptive behavior.
Effect of Adding Ag Nanoparticles onto Magnetic and Structural Properties of BSCCO Superconducting Compound

Effect of adding silver nanoparticles on Bi1.7Pb0. 3Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ superconductor phase by solid state reaction technique. It was studied the significant variations in the superconducting, magnetic and structural properties of Bi-2223 phase. Ag NPs concentration of tiny particles varied, (0 - 1,25) % from the total weight mass of the BPSCCO compound were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and EDX spectrum measurements. It was found that adding Ag nanoparticles to BSCCO was enhanced the (Bi, Pb)-2223 phase formation up to x=1.25 wt%. On the other hand, the low concentrations of Ag nanoparticles of 0.25 wt% retarded the high-Tc phase formation and (Tc) measured that had the maximum improvement in Tc for most samples. The surface morphology investigated were examined by SEM, which the grain size increased with an increase Ag NPs, while the grain size examination showed that both the size and number of voids were reduced. Magnetization variance was measured of the samples by M - T curve, where the highest value for x = 1.25 wt%, and it become clear when the magnetic and resistance transition points are close to each other. Moreover, Critical current density (Jc ) characteristic curves were measured at temperature range (2-150) K.
Industry 4.0 technologies incorporated with Delta PLC based Smart Home Automation for Rural Development

The Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is commonly used for electromechanical process automation. A home automation system is being developed using PLC. The proposed control module will consist of Model Functional Blocks device emulation. Upgrading human standards of living is the most important source of inspiration for the continuation of technological advances. Technology innovation directly and indirectly offers and enhances the protection and comfort of human beings. The advancement of technology for this reason directly affects the quality of living through the design of smart home systems. Smart home systems can be classified as local and remote in two ways. In this research, a smart home automation system design was carried out by using Delta PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The control module provides fault detection, tolerance and switching on or off in sensitive areas for multiple components. Combining the PLC model with other devices, such as GSM is also possible. By supplying voice control and protection products, such a form of application would be highly helpful for the elderly and disabled persons. World is developing increasingly across the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we are designing a system that will track home appliances automatically and generate email or messanger notifications or make smart decisions using the IoT model. The key contribution of this paper is that it summarizes the use of IoT to track and regulate the market in industries with artificial intelligence. By optimizing the entire hardware assembly and software algorithms, the Delta PLC device is adjustable to satisfy demands, incorporating distinct home appliances in a short time. The PLC is simple to understand, and by using a single model, the system offers several solutions. The PLC will become the epic center for many new applications, as it is new but more powerful than previous systems.
Microscale Photopatterning of Through-thickness Modulus in a Monolithic and Functionally Graded 3D Printed Part.

3D printing is transforming traditional processing methods for applications ranging from tissue engineering to optics. To fulfill its maximum potential, 3D printing requires a robust technique for producing structures with precise three-dimensional (x, y and z) control of mechanical properties. Previous efforts to realize such spatial control of modulus within 3D printed parts have largely focused on low-resolution (mm to cm scale) multi-material processes and grayscale approaches that spatially vary the modulus in the x-y plane and energy dose-based (E = I 0 t exp) models that do not account for the resin's sub-linear response to irradiation intensity. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach for through-thickness (z) voxelated control of mechanical properties within a single-material, monolithic part. Control over the local modulus is enabled by a predictive model that incorporates the observed non-reciprocal dose response of the material. The model is validated by an application of atomic force microscopy to map the through-thickness modulus on multi-layered 3D parts. Overall, both smooth gradations (30 MPa change over ≈75 μm) and sharp step-changes (30 MPa change over ≈5 μm) in modulus are realized in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate based 3D constructs, paving the way for advancements in tissue engineering, stimuli-responsive 4D printing and graded metamaterials.
Estimating Phonetic Probability in Etymology

ABSTRACT An etymological proposition is often said to be probable or improbable from the phonetic point of view, and it is not rare for opinions to diverge on which it is. The estimation is typically purely intuitive, based on perceived similarity and no more than a handful of analogous examples. This paper proposes a method for quantifying the phonetic probability of an etymology and comparing it to the alternative hypothesis. It is intended to be used with sizable datasets, to produce a well-supported, objective verdict.
GOLGA2/GM130 is a novel target of neuroprotection therapy in intracerebral hemorrhage

Background Impairment of the blood-brain barrier after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can lead to secondary brain injury and aggravate neurological deficits. Owing in part to our lack of understanding of the mechanism of ICH injury to the blood-brain barrier, there are currently no effective methods to prevent or treat it. Here, we explored the effects of Golgi apparatus protein GM130 overexpression or silencing on the blood-brain barrier and neurological function after ICH, to better understand the mechanism involved and facilitate the development of new therapeutic methods. Results Levels of the tight junction-associated proteins ZO-1 and occludin decreased, while those of LC3-II, a marker for autophagosomes, increased in hemin-treated Bend.3 cells (p < 0.05). The levels of ZO-1 and occludin increased, while those of LC3-II decreased with GM130 overexpression (p < 0.05). ZO-1 and occludin expression decreased and LC3-II increased after siGM130 transfection, mimicking the effect of hemin (p < 0.05). Tight junctions were disconnected after hemin or siGM130 treatment and repaired with GM130 overexpression. siGM130 transfection in Bend.3 cells increased autophagy flux, whereas GM130 overexpression downregulated autophagy flux. Similar results were verified in an in vivo ICH model. Perihematomal ZO-1 and occludin expression increased, while LC3-II expression decreased in ICH rats (p < 0.05). ZO-1 and occluding expression further decreased and LC3-II expression increased in siGM130-treated ICH rats (p < 0.05), whereas a reverse effect was observed in AAV-GM130-treated ICH rats (p < 0.05). Perihematomal Evans blue and brain water content were much higher in siGM130-treated ICH rats than in the control ICH rats. AAV-GM130-treated ICH rats showed a lower perihematomal Evans blue and brain water content than the control ICH rats. Conclusions GM130 overexpression can protect the integrity of the blood-brain barrier from brain injury, inhibit excessive autophagy flux in an ICH in vivo model, and further improve the neurobehavioral prognosis. GM130 overexpression may mediate tight junction protein repair by directly reducing autophagy flux in an ICH in vitro model. GM130 may be a therapeutic target for acute brain injury after ICH.
Declines in occurrence of plants characteristic for a nutrient‐poor meadow habitat are partly explained by their responses to nutrient addition and competition

Abstract Species losses and local extinctions are alarmingly common, frequently as a consequence of habitat destruction. Nevertheless, many intact habitats also face species losses, most likely due to environmental changes. However, the exact drivers, and why they affect some species more than others in apparently intact habitats, are still poorly understood. Addressing these questions requires data on changes in occurrence frequency of many species, and comparisons of the responses of those species to experimental manipulations of the environment. Here, we use historic (1911) and contemporary (2017) data on the presence–absence of 42 plant species in 14 seemingly intact Molinia meadows around Lower Lake Constance to quantify changes in occurrence frequency. Then, we performed a common‐garden experiment to test whether occurrence frequencies in 1911 and changes therein by 2017 could be explained by responses of the 42 species to nutrient addition and competition with the acquisitive generalist grass Poa pratensis. Within the 14 still intact Molinia meadows, 36 of the 42 species had declined since 1911. As expected, nutrient addition generally led to increased biomass production of the 42 target species, and competition with P. pratensis had a negative effect. The latter was stronger at high nutrient availability. The more frequent species were in 1911 and the more they declined in frequency between 1911 and 2017, the less above‐ground biomass they produced in our experiment. Competition with P. pratensis magnified this effect. Our work highlights that environmental change can contribute to local extinction of species in otherwise intact habitat remnants. Specifically, we showed that increased nutrient availability negatively affected formerly widespread Molinia‐meadow species in competition with P. pratensis. Our study thus identified a likely mechanism for the decline in occurrence frequency of species in the remaining Molinia meadows.
The performance of laminated glass subjected to constant heat fluxes related to building fires

A series of six exploratory experiments are presented investigating the behaviour of laminated glass when exposed to radiative heating of 25, 50 and 75 kW/m2. The laminated glass type used is typical of that which might be used in balustrades. Three experiments examined the potential for achieving flaming ignition of the inter‐layer should the glass break. At a radiant heat flux of 25 kW/m2, although the glass did not shatter, piloted ignition of the volatile gases released from the specimen edge was possible. At radiant heat fluxes of 50 and 75 kW/m2, the exposed glass layer shattered after 5 minutes 7 seconds and 2 minutes 24 seconds, respectively, and subsequently there was auto‐ignition of the volatile gases from the inter‐layer. Eventually flames were observed over the whole face of the specimen. Using an average measured mass loss and representative heat of combustion for the inter‐layer result in calculated heat release rates per unit area of 65 to 69 kW/m2. A further three experiments were carried out to examine the potential for the glass layers to separate when heated. Only one layer of glass was supported, and unsupported layer nearest the radiant heat source was observed to slip away from the other layer, exposing the inter‐layer, resulting in ignition and flaming.
NIR light and enzyme dual stimuli‐responsive amphiphilic diblock copolymer assemblies

Using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and macromolecular azo coupling reaction, both o-nitrobenzyl (ONB) group and azobenzene group were efficiently incorporated into the center of the amphiphilic diblock copolymer chain. The prepared diblock copolymer was well characterized by UV–vis, 1H NMR, and GPC methods. Self-assembly of the amphiphilic copolymer in selected solvents can result in uniform self-assembly aggregates. In the presence of external stimuli [upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)/NIR light or enzyme], the amphiphilic diblock copolymer chain could be broken by the cleavage of ONB or azobenzene group, which would lead to the disruption of the self-assembly aggregates. This photo- and enzyme-triggered disruption process was proved by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and GPC method. Fluorescence emission spectra measurements indicated that the release of Nile red, a hydrophobic dye, encapsulated by the self-assembly aggregates, could be successfully realized under the NIR light and enzyme stimuli. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2450–2457
Risk-taking of bank CEOs and corporate innovation

Abstract We find that banks with CEOs who postpone exercising deep in-the-money options are more likely to lend to firms that are smaller, riskier, and more engaged in corporate innovation. These borrowers also spend more on R&D than a matched sample after getting the loans. Subsequently, these borrowers have higher innovation outputs and achieve greater market valuations. Overall, our findings suggest that the bank CEOs who reveal a high risk-taking attitude by their option exercising behavior help facilitate technological progress via the syndicate loans.
Coaches’ perceptions of sport education: A response to precarity through a pedagogy of affect

ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate coaches’ perceptions of using sport education (SE) for the first time with socially vulnerable children in order to explore its suitability for equipping young people living in precarity with the skills they need to take positive action to challenge their socially vulnerable backgrounds. In doing so, we want to explore what experiences of learning to use SE these coaches had and what their perspectives of the children’s learning were. Settings and participants The study developed in a community-based program in three economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods with high rates of delinquency in a city in Central Spain. The programme is run by a non-governmental organization and is funded by several public institutions and private donations. The study included three youth workers who acted as coaches and 31 nine- to eleven-year-olds from different ethnic groups. Programme The SE season comprised 36 one-hour sessions which included an introduction to SE and the activity called ringo (two lessons), a pre-season (14 lessons), a season (18 lessons) and culminating event preparation and celebration (two lessons). Ringo is a net game, which was chosen to improve participation. Data collection/analysis Four focus groups were conducted with the coaches and an open analysis format was followed, using open-ended questions. The first author also kept a diary of his experience as a participant observer, including field notes and participation in focus groups. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed through thematic analysis. Findings Three major results were found. First, although coaches perceived that sport had a great potential for children to get several benefits, the quality of the pedagogical strategies they used to implement before the study did not allow them to reach those benefits. Second, SE gave the coaches the possibility to enact an ethic of care with participant children; emotional labour played a key role in that process, allowing coaches to care both for children and for themselves. Third, coaches appreciated how SE features, especially competition, teams, festivity, and the culminating event, favoured motivation and engagement, what improved behaviour and the assumption of roles responsibilities. Conclusions Sport per se is not enough to teach ethical conduct. However, a quality programme which exposes young people to the stimuli they need, and efficient physical educators who can develop the programme properly and with a coherent attitude are necessary. Pre-service education for any future professional working with youth from socially vulnerable backgrounds (teachers, coaches, youth workers) should consider the need of teaching pedagogies of affect like SE as well as the development of an ethic of care and emotional labour.