Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VLSI circuit defect diagnosis: Open defects and run -time speed

To shorten time-to-market of VLSI circuit chips, the yield must be ramped up by quickly discovering and rectifying the causes for systematic defects. Due to the shrinking feature size of devices 90nm and below, yield ramp up is becoming more and more difficult. Volume diagnosis with statistical learning is needed to cost effectively discover systematic defects. An accurate and high throughput diagnosis tool is required to diagnose large numbers of failing devices to aid statistical yield learning. In this work, we propose techniques to improve diagnosis accuracy and resolution, techniques to improve run-time performance. We consider the problem of determining the location of open defects in interconnects of deep submicron designs. We investigate a procedure that uses minimal information beyond the circuit net lists and give experimental results to demonstrate the defect resolution obtained using the method. The additional information used by the proposed method is a list of nodes in the neighborhoods of circuit nodes and the circuit layout. Specifically, difficult to determine circuit parameters of manufactured instances of a design such as coupling capacitances between circuit nodes and threshold voltages of gates in the circuit are not needed to use the proposed diagnosis procedure. A dictionary called NFB dictionary of small size and does not grow linearly with pattern count is proposed. It further reduced dictionary size over previous dictionary while still achieve higher failing pattern diagnosis performance than industry standard Effect-Cause diagnosis procedures. In this work we also propose a method to achieve higher speedup with a marginally larger dictionary than the NFB dictionary. We achieve this by identifying a set of faults called hyperactive faults for which we create a novel dictionary. Hyperactive faults tend to propagate fault effects to many observation points and cost a large amount of time to simulate.
Optical fiber sensors and their role in smart structures

Optical fibre sensors have enormous potential as an important technology in structural monitoring. Their particular advantages include the ability to make distributed measurements, immunity from electromagnetic noise and pick-up and the capability of operating over large areas and/or at interrogation distances of many kilometres. This paper will, first of all, examine the requirements for structural monitoring in both civil engineering and composite structures for aerospace and underground transportation. The benefits and disadvantages of fibre optic techniques will then be explored and the general features of important contributory technologies including fibre Bragg gratings, microbend sensing, interferometric and sub-carrier sensors and non-linear optical techniques, e.g. stimulated Brillouin scatter will be highlighted and their applications and properties described. The paper then examines some specific applications in each of these two principal sectors and concludes by speculating on future prospects for fibre optic sensing and structural assessment.
A facile approach for obtaining NiFe­2O4/C nanocomposites and their magnetic properties assessment

NiFe2O4/C nanocomposites were prepared using the two-step process, including reverse microemulsion followed by thermochemical vapour deposition (TCVD). Micelles made in the first step worked well and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles owing sizes smaller than 10 nanometer with narrow size distribution were obtained. Acetylene gas was used as a carbon source for deposition on the surface of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles. Coating applied for 1 and 2 h at 700°C and resulted in an enhancement of NiFe2O4 nanoparticle size to a level of 30 nanometer. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns revealed the spiel formation for all samples; however, the crystallinity of them has been increased as much as temperature rose to a level of coating. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) verified the metal-oxygen bonding linked to the octahedral and tetrahedral vibrations. Micro-Raman spectra for the coated samples were recorded as well, and the results confirmed the existence of ordered and disordered carbon-based materials in nanocomposites. It is noteworthy to mention that, in the sample with 2 h coating time, the defect densities were lower than the sample with an hour coating time. The vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) was also used to investigate the magnetic properties. The as-prepared sample behaves like a superparamagnetic matter; however, the coated ones behave like ferromagnetic materials. The saturation magnetization and coercivity of coated samples were lower than their bulk counterparts which was due to their smaller size.
Intraoperative risk assessment 
of carcinomatosis development 
after radical surgery for gastric cancer

Relevance: Metachronous peritoneal dissemination (PD) is the most frequent pattern of gastric cancer (GC) progression after radical surgery. It is necessary to take into account the existing risk of developing metachronous PD to ensure a substantiated administration of intraperitoneal chemotherapy (ICT) for its timely prevention. The purpose of the study was to raise the metachronous PD prognostication efficacy. Results: The treatment outcomes of 1,065 radically operated patients (males – 640, 60.1%; females – 425, 39.9%) aged 23 to 89 years (median age – 63±12) showed that a high risk of GC recurrence in the form of peritoneal dissemination is associated with: (1) metastatic invasion of the regional lymph node – pN2-3 – RR 2.0 (95% CI 1.5–2.7), р < 0.001; (2) ulcero-infiltrative and diffuse infiltrative forms of primary gastric cancer growth – RR 3.7 (95% CI 2.5–5.5), р < 0,001), and RR 2.3 (95% CI 1.5–3.6), р<0,001; (3) serosa invasion by primary GC (pT4) – RR 2.5 (95% CI 1.8–3.6), р<0,001; (4) combined surgical treatment vs. standard surgery – RR 1.8 (95% CI 1.2–2.7), р=0.005; and (5) performing gastrectomy vs. distal resection – RR 1.6 (95% CI 1.2–2.2), р=0.004. A multivariate analysis (Fine-Grey model) was done to propose a prognostic model for an intraoperative estimate of the MPD development probability to determine indications for intraoperative ICT (concordance index – 0.75). Conclusion: The proposed nomogram- or formula-based prognostic model allows a differentiated approach to administering intraoperative ICT, taking into account the existing probability of peritoneal dissemination development.
Model Study of Laterally Loaded Piles

Tests on scaled models of the locks and dams used in the Arkansas River Navigation Project were performed to develop design criteria for pile foundations in sand. The relationships between the lateral load-deformation behavior of isolated single piles and groups of piles scaled after the prototype foundations were determined. The flexural behavior of the piles was also investigated. The subgrade modulus applicable to piles in sand was shown to increase linearly with respect to depth. Cyclic loading caused the magnitude of deflection for a given load level to double, approximately. Hrennikoff's method of analyzing groups of piles was experimentally verified after the effects of pile group behavior and variation of subgrade modulus with respect to depth were accounted for. Deflection of a pile group for a given load increased as the pile spacing decreased below approximately eight pile widths, indicating a reduced subgrade modulus. A relationship was determined between pile spacing and the magnitude of reduction in the subgrade modulus.
Sdn for Load Balancing Nodes in Wireless Sensor Network

In this paper, we study about Software Defined Networking (SDN) is centralized controller of the network. It has maintained the information regarding the whole network which being able to optimize the available network resources and makes the route decision for forward packets. In Traditional networks, each device possess with own configuration and state which makes difficult to networking and expensive to maintain and forward packets. It also uses multiple routing algorithms for many different devices such as routers and switches and no centralized approach for routing. SDN architecture is centralized and support different routing algorithms for packet forwarding in emerging changes in networks. SDN usage is rapidly increased in networking to meet today challenges. This paper discuss on SDN with Wireless Sensor Network for load balancing between the nodes in communication. Due to Mobility of node in Wireless sensor network need of load balance . Also discussed various issues related with SDN performance in wireless sensor Network.
Modeling of Nanoscale MOSFET Performance in the Velocity Saturation Region

Velocity saturation as a function of temperature and drain voltage for n-channel MOSFET is investigated. The combination of an existing current-voltage (I-V) model, drain source resistance model and a more precise mobility derivation gives an accurate representation of velocity saturation as a function of the above parameters. A simplified threshold voltage formulation is developed to provide similar accuracy when compared to actual devices. The models show good agreement with the experimental data over a wide range of gate and drain bias for 90nm process technology.
A multiobjective global optimization algorithm with application to calibration of hydrologic models

This research was partially supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (grants EAR-9415347 and EAR-9418147), the Hydrologic Research Laboratory of the U.S. National Weather Service (grants NA37WH0385, NA47WH0408 and NA57WH0575), and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA-EOS grant NAGW2425). Financial assistance was also provided to Dr. Patrice Yapo by The University of Arizona Graduate College. These sources of assistance are gratefully acknowledged.
Enrichment of heavy metals as function of salinity and pH of estuarine sediments, South East Coast of India

ABSTRACT A predictive model was developed to determine the combined effect of salinity and pH on sediments enrichment of heavy metals; (EF) of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Ni in Uppanar estuary, India. Data covered four seasons of 2008–2009 and 2009–2010, and corresponded to fivestations scattered along Uppanar estuary. Salinity, pH, EFZn, EFPb, EFCu and EFNi were 17.85 ± 9.46, 7.62 ± 0.35, 9.51 ± 2.01, 3.54 ± 1.96, 10.85 ± 1.97, and 0.70 ± 0.20, respectively. For each metal, we fitted a regression model with EF as response, and the interaction between salinity and pH as predictor. We found that the interaction of salinity and pH predicts EFPb (F3,36 = 9.03, P < 0.001) and EFNi (F3,36 = 3.22, P = 0.034). Specifically, salinity and pH were positively associated with EFPb and negatively associated with EFNi. We found no significant effect of salinity and pH interaction on EFZn (F3,36 = 2.56, P = 0.069) and EFCu (F3,36 = 1.68, P = 0.188). We conclude that a joint effect of salinity and pH on EF varies with heavy metals species, and when significant, takes a different pattern depending on the predominant geochemical phase and source of heavy metals
Morphological and Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal a New Record to the Flora of Iraq: Azolla filiculoides

Azolla filiculoides is an aquatic fern native to Americas. The species has dispersed through Europe and Asia. Recently, it has been identified in northern part of Iran. However, there is no evidence confirms the presence of Azolla sp. in Kurdistan region of Iraq. The aim of the present study was to identify the species of Azolla found in Tanjaro river/northern part of Iraq. We studied morphological characteristics including trichomes, leaf branches, and three phylogenetic positions such as rbcl , rps4 and trnG-trnR of the species. The morphological and phylogeny investigations were compared with other identified species (reference species). Our results showed that the morphological characteristics are more similar to Azolla filicluloides than other species. Based on the phylogenetic trees, the position of the observed species was closer to Azolla filiculoides than others. These results indicated that the Azolla species found in Tanjaro river is more likely c.
SSM Inspired Organizational Change in a North American University Library : Lessons Learned

This organizational change initiative involved nineteen project participants in guided application of Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) tools to rethink, repurpose, and retool organizational outcomes from 2003-2006. Action research results suggest the efficacy of using this approach for interactive (re)design of technology-enabled environments, systems and tools. This paper reports on learning insights which inform participants’ cultivation of user-centric, inquiry based relationships with both co-workers and system users to animate and enable responsive participatory design philosophy, practices and outcomes.
The Roles of Realistic Cardiac Structure in Conduction and Conduction Block: Studies of Novel Micropatterned Cardiac Cell Cultures

The Roles of Realistic Cardiac Structure in Conduction and Conduction Block: Studies of Novel Micropatterned Cardiac Cell Cultures by Nima Badie Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Nenad Bursac, Supervisor ___________________________ Craig Henriquez ___________________________ Madison Spach ___________________________ Kam Leong ___________________________ Stephen Knisley An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biomedical Engineering in the Graduate School of Duke University 2010
Techniques for homodyne dechirp-on-receive linearly frequency modulated radar

This thesis presents work done to extend and improve the operation of homodyne dechirp-on-receive linearly frequency modulated radars. First, an investigation of the effect of common phase errors on the point response function of the radar is described. The dependence on the window function of the degradation due to phase errors is investigated, and a simple, precise, and general approach for calculating the degraded Point Spread Function (PSF) is described and demonstrated. This method is shown to be particularly useful when investigating the effect of chirp nonlinearity on the PSF. Next, a method for focussing range profiles that are degraded by chirp nonlinearity is described. This method is based on two established methods, the Phase Gradient Algorithm (PGA) and a time-domain re-sampling technique. The technique is entirely hardware independent, allowing any homodyne dechirp-on-receive linearly frequency modulated radar to be focussed. Where suitable archive signal data exists, focussed imagery can even be produced from radars that no longer exist. The complete algorithm and details of the implementation are described, and the technique is demonstrated on three representative radar cases: extreme chirp nonlinearity, typical chirp nonlinearity, and a retrospective case. In all of the cases, it was shown that the PSF was dramatically improved. A technique based on down conversion by aliasing for reducing the required sampling rate is described, and a simple technique for calculating suitable sampling rates is presented. This method is demonstrated for a typical application in which sampling rate reduction might be required, namely Moving Target Indication (MTI). The MTI application is described and quantified, including a simple technique for choosing suitable radar operation parameters. The MTI technique with subsampling was demonstrated in software simulations and in a simple radar experiment.
Instrumentation of soil columns for time-lapse monitoring of the phenomenon of capillary rise through spontaneous potential, soil moisture sensor, electrical resistivity, and GPR measurements

The continuous monitoring of capillary rise via indirect measures aims to predict and generate alerts regarding the soil mass deformations, transport leachate from landfills to the soil surface, and carry salts that can damage buildings. Through time-lapse monitoring of the electromagnetic wave's electrical potential and speed, it is possible to correlate via petrophysical relations the measures of electrical potential, electrical resistivity, and dielectric permittivity to the volumetric water content and capillary height. For this, four acrylic columns filled with civil construction material were instrumented. Column 1 - silver electrodes to measure the potential difference with a bench multimeter that measures the spontaneous potential generated by water flow. Column 2 - low-cost soil moisture sensors that measured the electrical potential and converted to bits. Column 3 - resistivimeter that measured the voltage and that was later converted to electrical resistivity and, Column 4 - 2.6 GHz antenna that measured the speed of the electromagnetic wave that was later converted into dielectric permittivity. The instrumentation assembled proved to be satisfactory to monitor the phenomenon. The monitoring lasted 187 h, and it was found that the maximum capillary height remained constant for a long time.
Effectiveness of a numeracy intelligent tutoring system in kindergarten: A conceptual replication

Intelligent Tutoring Systems are a genre of highly adaptive software providing individualized instruction. The current study was a conceptual replication of a previous randomized control trial that incorporated the intelligent tutoring system Native Numbers, a program designed for early numeracy instruction. As a conceptual replication, we kept the method of instruction, the demographics, the number of kindergarten classrooms (n = 3), and the same numeracy and intrinsic motivation screeners as the original study. We changed the time of year of instruction, changed the control group to a wait-control group, added a maintenance assessment for the first group of participants, and included a mathematical language assessment. Analysis of within- and between-group differences using repeated measures ANOVA indicated gains of numeracy were significant only after using Native Numbers (η_p^2 = .147). Results of intrinsic motivation and mathematical language were not significant. The effect size of numeracy achievement did not reach that of the original study (η_p^2 = .622). Here, we compared the two studies, discussed plausible reasons for differences in the magnitude of effect sizes, and provided suggestions for future research.
Alone in the COVID‐19 lockdown: An exploratory study

Abstract Feelings of isolation have been prevalent worldwide since March 2020 due to COVID‐19 pandemic lockdowns. This has prompted increased concerns about loneliness and related mental health problems. During the first UK COVID‐19 lockdown, 71 participants were asked to share their high and low point stories from lockdown. These were analyzed using thematic analysis to explore how “aloneness” was experienced at this time. A deductive analyses supported three key facets of aloneness reported in the literature: emotional loneliness, social loneliness, and existential loneliness, as well as a more positive form of aloneness, solitude. An inductive analysis identified risk and protective factors for loneliness, comprising worry, lockdown changes, and poor mental health; and social contact, emotional contact, stability and simple life. The study highlights the importance of understanding how facets of aloneness interrelate, and how understanding risk and protective factors can help us to develop social and policy interventions to alleviate loneliness. In particular, solitude is proposed as a potential mechanism for alleviating loneliness, particularly existential loneliness, alongside more common social methods.
LODESTAR

Rating: Explicit Archive Warning: Graphic Depictions Of Violence Category: M/M Fandom: Star Wars All Media Types, Star Wars Episode VII: The Force Awakens (2015) Relationship: Armitage Hux/Ben Solo | Kylo Ren, Armitage Hux/Kylo Ren Character: Ben Solo | Kylo Ren, Armitage Hux, Original Child Character(s), Rey (Star Wars), Finn (Star Wars), Leia Organa, Luke Skywalker, Poe Dameron, Chewbacca (Star Wars), Phasma (Star Wars), Original Characters Additional Tags: Science Fiction & Fantasy, Drama, Dark, Mpreg (Brief), Post Mpreg, Deformities, Suffering, The Force, Rey Skywalker, BAMF Phasma, Past Sexual Assault, Angst, Blood and Gore, Body Horror, suicidal ideations, Attempted Suicide, Depression, Eating Disorder (Brief), Family Issues, Not Your Typical Redemption Fic, Post-Star Wars: The Force Awakens, TFA Compliant, Child Abuse, Mind Control, Memory Alteration, Memory Loss, Redemption AU, Dysfunctional Family, Heavy Angst, Angst with a Happy Ending, Jedi Rey, Jedi Finn, Force-Sensitive Hux, Gaslighting, Torture (Brief) Series: Part 3 of Son Of Mine Stats: Published: 2017-02-15 Completed: 2017-10-24 Chapters: 40/40 Words: 264254
Design and development of devices for robotized needle insertion procedures

This thesis focuses on finding solutions for the design and the technological bottlenecks involving development of a slave robotic assistant for needle insertion procedures. The needed functionalities for the slave device were sought to be achieved by adopting a modular approach. This required the design and the development of different devices which satisfy targeted functionalities. A study of needle positioning devices was carried out which led to the synthesis of novel mechanisms for the task of needle axis translation and the needle axis orientation. A novel dimensional synthesis algorithm was developed to calculate the structural parameters of these mechanism while studying their singularities and considering the antagonistic constraints of system compactness, actuation torques and workspace size. The modular decomposition also allowed to offer solutions for an insertion tool dedicated to needle insertion with force feedback. This insertion tool consists of a device for inserting the needle, a device for grasping the needle and a force sensor for force feedback.
TeamOSAKA A (Kid size) Team Description Paper

This paper describes the specifications and the functions of the humanoid robot that TeamOSAKA have developed for RoboCup2007. This robot has 20 DOF as well as omni-directional image sensor, CCD image sensor, 3axis acceleration sensors that detect gravity and 2-axis gyro sensors that detect angular velocity. This robot is developed as the platform of RoboCup Humanoid League and for the research of Coordination among robots, Teleportation by human operator, and robotic systems integrated with sensor networks.
The emergence of lean construction in the Norwegian AEC industry

Abstract Lean construction has inspired the AEC industry globally over the last decades, and this manifests within a wide array of contexts. The purpose of this paper is to provide a narrative-based qualitative analysis of the emergence and impact of Lean construction on a national level, notably in the Norwegian AEC industry. The analysis is based on the concept of paradigm shift and on empirical knowledge in the form of narratives. The narratives of practitioners and researchers provide deep insights into how Lean Construction has inspired the Norwegian AEC industry and academia, respectively. The reflections indicate that the introduction of the Lean construction principles and tools in the Norwegian AEC industry has depended on promoters who have been convinced about its advantages. The role of active promoters – in particular Dr. Glenn Ballard – is underlined as key to successful introduction of Lean Construction. Key cultural features of the Norwegian AEC industry are emphasized as important success factors. Lean Construction in Norway needs to be understood as a phenomenon occurring within a setting that is generally advantageous but also following an effort carried out on several levels. Key elements that can be used within other contexts are (1) the existence of promoters, (2) cooperation between industry and academic circles, (3) a high degree of trust and (4) a predominance of bottom-up organizations within the industry with few levels of hierarchy.