Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALYTICAL COMPUTATION OF DENSITY OF STATES OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC CRYSTAL UNDER POLARIZED INCIDENT WAVE FOR DIFFERENT MATERIALS

In this paper, a comparative analysis is made for density of states function of one-dimensional finite photonic crystal for both s and p-polarized wave incidences with different material compositions. Computation is carried out for AlxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructure, and results are compared with conventional SiO2/Air composition. Structural parameters of the periodic arrangement are suitably varied to observe the effect on the density of states, and observations are graphically represented by blueshift and redshift. For the AlxGa1-xN/GaN material composition, Adachi’s model has been considered to incorporate the dependencies of refractive indices on operative wavelength and material composition. Occurrence of the peak positions in both the cases speaks about the possible emission/detection wavelength range and shows the superiority of the semiconductor heterostructure based composition in fabricating a photonic crystal based optical transmitter/receiver.
Mobile Target Tracking Based on Hybrid Open-Loop Monocular Vision Motion Control Strategy

This paper proposes a new real-time target tracking method based on the open-loop monocular vision motion control. It uses the particle filter technique to predict the moving target’s position in an image. Due to the properties of the particle filter, the method can effectively master the motion behaviors of the linear and nonlinear. In addition, the method uses the simple mathematical operation to transfer the image information in the mobile target to its real coordinate information. Therefore, it requires few operating resources. Moreover, the method adopts the monocular vision approach, which is a single camera, to achieve its objective by using few hardware resources. Firstly, the method evaluates the next time’s position and size of the target in an image. Later, the real position of the objective corresponding to the obtained information is predicted. At last, the mobile robot should be controlled in the center of the camera’s vision. The paper conducts the tracking test to the L-type and the S-type and compares with the Kalman filtering method. The experimental results show that the method achieves a better tracking effect in the L-shape experiment, and its effect is superior to the Kalman filter technique in the L-type or S-type tracking experiment.
A method to calculate the local density distribution of the Galaxy from the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution data

New and more reliable distances and proper motions of a large number of stars in the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) catalogue allow to calculate the local matter density distribution more precisely than earlier. We devised a method to calculate the stationary gravitational potential distribution perpendicular to the Galactic plane by comparing the vertical probability density distribution of a sample of observed stars with the theoretical probability density distribution computed from their vertical coordinates and velocities. We applied the model to idealised test stars and to the real observational samples. Tests with two mock datasets proved that the method is viable and provides reasonable results. Applying the method to TGAS data we derived that the total matter density in the Solar neighbourhood is $0.09\pm 0.02 \text{M}_\odot\text{pc}^{-3}$ being consistent with the results from literature. The matter surface density within $|z|\le 0.75 \text{kpc}$ is $42\pm 4 \text{M}_\odot\text{pc}^{-2}$. This is slightly less than the results derived by other authors but within errors is consistent with previous estimates. Our results show no firm evidence for significant amount of dark matter in the Solar neighbourhood. However, we caution that our calculations at $|z| \leq 0.75$ kpc rely on an extrapolation from the velocity distribution function calculated at $|z| \leq 25$ pc. This extrapolation can be very sensitive to our assumption that the stellar motions are perfectly decoupled in R and z, and to our assumption of equilibrium. Indeed, we find that $\rho (z)$ within $|z|\le 0.75$ kpc is asymmetric with respect to the Galactic plane at distances $|z| = 0.1-0.4$ kpc indicating that the density distribution may be influenced by density perturbations.
Determinants of Adoption of Rainwater Harvesting Technology: The Case of Gursum District, East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia

This study aimed at identifying the determinants of Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) technology adoption for irrigation and farmers practice in water harvesting against drought in Gursum district, Eastern Hararghe zone. The specific objectives were assessing farmer's perception towards the RWH technology and determining the major factors affecting adoption of RWH technology by smallholder farmers in the study area. The data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data for this study was collected from 150 farmers through application of appropriate statistical procedures while secondary data was gathered from various sources like zonal and district Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development and district of water bureau. This study has used multi-stage sampling technique in which both purposive and random sampling techniques were applied to select the required sampling units from the total population under study. Likert Scale was employed to measure the perception of respondents towards RWH technology, and binary logit model was used to analyse the factors that affect RWH technology. Both descriptive and econometric data analysis techniques were applied. Logistic regression estimation revealed that farm experience of household head, education level, family size, labor availability, distance to market, Total Tropical Livestock Unit (TTLU) perception and external support have significantly affected the RWH technology adoption decision of households in study area. The finding of this study indicated that any effort in promoting and adopting of RWH practice should recognize the socio-economic, technique, institutional, physical and psychological characteristics for better adoption of RWH technology. Taking the specific characteristics of farmers into account in introducing and promoting RWH may help policymakers to come up with projects that can easily accepted by farmers.
Stochastic theory of polarized light in nonlinear birefringent media: An application to optical rotation

A stochastic theory is developed for the light transmitting the optical media exhibiting linear and nonlinear birefringence. The starting point is the two--component nonlinear Schr{"o}dinger equation (NLSE). On the basis of the ansatz of "soliton" solution for the NLSE, the evolution equation for the Stokes parameters is derived, which turns out to be the Langevin equation by taking account of randomness and dissipation inherent in the birefringent media. The Langevin equation is converted to the Fokker--Planck (FP) equation for the probability distribution by employing the technique of functional integral on the assumption of the Gaussian white noise for the random fluctuation. The specific application is considered for the optical rotation, which is described by the ellipticity (third component of the Stokes parameters) alone: (i) The asymptotic analysis is given for the functional integral, which leads to the transition rate on the Poincar{'e} sphere. (ii) The FP equation is analyzed in the strong coupling approximation, by which the diffusive behavior is obtained for the linear and nonlinear birefringence. These would provide with a basis of statistical analysis for the polarization phenomena in nonlinear birefringent media.
Distribution and Antifungal Activity of Endophytic Fungi in Different Growth Stages of Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Korea

This study investigated the distribution of endophytic fungi obtained from the surface sterilized tissues of leaves, stems and roots of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants in seedling, flowering and fruiting stages in Korea and their antifungal activity. A total of 481 isolates were recovered and were identified using molecular techniques. Based on rDNA ITS gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis, 21 fungal genera were characterized, belonging to 16 Ascomycota and 5 Basidiomycota. Penicillium in seedling stage, Fusarium in flowering stage, Colletotrichum followed by Fusarium, Alternaria and Xylaria in fruiting stage was predominant and Alternaria, Cladosporium and Fusarium were common in all growth stages. Among 481 endophytes 90 phenotypes were evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against three major pathogens (Phytophthora capsici, Colletotrichum acutatum and Fusarium oxysporum) of chili pepper. Among them 16 isolates inhibited the growth of at least one test microorganisms. Three strains showed a broad spectrum antifungal activity and displayed strong inhibition against chili pepper pathogenic fungi.
The APEX calibration plan: goals, implementation, and achievements

The quality of scientific data depends on the accuracy of the absolute intensity calibration. This absolute calibration is especially difficult in ground-based sub-mm astronomy. At the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX), we take various measures in order to ensure a proper calibration of the final science product, including real-time efforts (e.g. pointing models) and dedicated measurements whose results are applied afterwards (e.g. opacity or efficiencies). In this presentation we will give an overview over the various steps taken at APEX to overcome most calibration challenges. We will explain their implementation as calibration plan, present an analysis of the results obtained, and discuss those results in view of the reliability of the released science product.
A Branch-and-Bound Algorithm for Minimizing the Energy Consumption in the PFS Problem

This paper considers the energy consumption minimization in permutation flow shop (PFS) scheduling problem. The energy consumption of each machine is decomposed into two parts: useful part which completes the operation at current stage and wasted part which is consumed during idle period. The objective considered here is to minimize the total wasted energy consumption which is a weighted summation of the idle time of each machine. To solve this new problem, a branch-and-bound algorithm is developed. Two lower bounds are proposed, and an initial upper bound by using a variant of NEH heuristic algorithm is applied. Compared with the makespan minimization criterion, this model deduces more energy-saving solutions. Experimental results also validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm for problems with job number not larger than 15.
Performance improvements of an atmospheric radiative transfer model on GPU-based platform using CUDA

Classical applications of Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Model (ARTM) for modelization of absorption coefficient line-by-line on the atmosphere consume large computational time since seconds up to a few minutes depending on the atmospheric characterization chosen. ARTM is used together with GroundBased or Satellite measurements to retrieve atmospheric parameters such as ozone, water vapour and temperature profiles. Nowadays in the Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia (OAPA) at the Patagonian City of Rio Gallegos have been deployed a Spectral Millimeter Wave Radiometer belonging Nagoya Univ. (Japan) with the aim of retrieve stratospheric ozone profiles between 20-80 Km. Around 2 GBytes of data are recorder by the instrument per day and the ozone profiles are retrieving using one hour integration spectral data, resulting at 24 profiles per day. Actually the data reduction is performed by Laser and Application Research Center (CEILAP) group using the Matlab package ARTS/QPACK2. Using the classical data reduction procedure, the computational time estimated per profile is between 4-5 minutes determined mainly by the computational time of the ARTM and matrix operations. We propose in this work first add a novel scheme to accelerate the processing speed of the ARTM using the powerful multi-threading setup of GPGPU based at Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) and compare it with the existing schemes. Performance of the ARTM has been calculated using various settings applied on a NVIDIA graphic Card GeForce GTX 560 Compute Capability 2.1. Comparison of the execution time between sequential mode, Open-MP and CUDA has been tested in this paper.
Review and collection of preliminary design rules for low solidity diffusers

Low solidity diffusers are sometimes used in radial compressors where they promise a wide operating range close to that of vaneless diffusers but with efficiency levels that approach those of vaned diffusers. A literature survey has identified that despite the large number of papers on this subject there are no simple guidelines available for their design. However, general guidelines can be drawn for some of the design parameters from the available research data. Additionally, this paper proposes some simple design guidelines based on classical diffuser design parameters, such as length-to-width ratio and area ratio, whereby these parameters need to be specially defined in the case of very low solidity diffusers where the blades do not overlap. Experimental diffuser data is supported with 1D diffuser calculations to suggest suitable design guidelines.
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL TREATMENTS ON SOIL NEMATODE COMMUNITY IN WINTER WHEAT FIELD

Nematode communities were used as bioindicators of changes in agroecosystems caused by anthropogenic factors. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of chemical disturbances on nematode communities in the soil in winter wheat fields. The sampling was done three times, before disturbances, after fertilization and third time was after insecticides applications. Number of genera significantly decreased after disturbances caused by chemical application, while total number of nematodes did not change significantly in numbers. Maturity index (MI) showed significant differences between first and last sampling, as well as PPI/MI. Plant parasitic index (PPI) did not differ significantly between sampling periods.
Advances in multicore optical fibres for endoscopy

This thesis presents advances in the fabrication and application of multicore optical fibres, specifically pertaining to nonlinear endomicroscopy. Chapters 1 and 2 present the necessary background material to understanding the results presented in chapters 3 and 4. Through chapter 1 the properties of optical fibres are described. The basic structure of silica fibres and the parameters used to classify them are discussed. Typical methods of fabrication are outlined along with post fabrication processes. The experimental procedures required in the later stages of the thesis are also covered. Chapter 2 introduces and reviews nonlinear endoscopy. Various nonlinear process involved are described and the current positions of each in the field of nonlinear imaging discussed. In chapter 3 a method for minimising the variation in group indices of cores within a multicore fibre is outlined, experimentally examined and verified. The minimisation is achieved by specifically controlling the core diameters within the multicore fibre for a given wavelength. The fourth chapter introduces a ‘proof of concept’ method for reducing the bend sensitivity of a multicore fibre. Here a helical path is followed by the cores within the fibre. The specific challenges of fabrication are also described.
Chemical effects in 11‐year solar cycle simulations with the Freie Universität Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model with online chemistry (FUB‐CMAM‐CHEM)

The impact of 11‐year solar cycle variations on stratospheric ozone (O3) is studied with the Freie Universität Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model with interactive chemistry (FUB‐CMAM‐CHEM). To consider the effect of variations in charged particle precipitation we included an idealized NOx source in the upper mesosphere representing relativistic electron precipitation (REP). Our results suggest that the NOx source by particles and its transport from the mesosphere to the stratosphere in the polar vortex are important for the solar signal in stratospheric O3. We find a positive dipole O3 signal in the annual mean, peaking at 40–45 km at high latitudes and a negative O3 signal in the tropical lower stratosphere. This is similar to observations, but enhanced due to the idealized NOx source and at a lower altitude compared to the observed minimum. Our results imply that this negative O3 signal arises partly via chemical effects.
NATION BRANDING THROUGH STIGMATIZED POPULAR CULTURE: THE "COOL JAPAN" CRAZE AMONG CENTRAL MINISTRIES IN JAPAN

This paper investigates how and why various central ministries in Japan have adopted policies promoting Japanese popular culture such as manga (comic books), anime (animated films and TV shows), games, fashion and so forth, which had formerly been neglected by the state due to their stigmatized status. This paper analyzes documents released by bureaucrats and the results of interviews conducted with key persons from central ministries and institutions under their jurisdiction to shed light on institutional isomorphism observed in the central government of Japan.
Factors Influencing Mortality Associated with the Translocation of Northern River Otters (Lontra canadensis) in Utah

ABSTRACT. — Reintroductions and translocations of northern river otters have been a common management practice throughout the United States from the 1970s to the 2000s. Though many reintroductions have been successful, populations are not always monitored or evaluated post-release. From 2009 through 2012, we translocated 27 radio-marked otters into the Provo River watershed in northern Utah. Our objective was to determine what factors influenced the translocation-related mortality of otters. We developed a series of a priori models and used logistic regression to determine the most influential factors. We used Akaike's information criterion to evaluate relative model support. We found that the univariate model including body mass bore the most model weight and that body mass was the most important factor influencing the initial survival of translocated otters. Model-averaged &bgr; estimates indicated that otters at the high end of body mass were 4 times more likelv to survive the translocation than otters at the low end of body mass. Sex was the next most important factor influencing survival, as odds ratios indicated that males were more likely to survive the translocation than females. We urge ecologists and managers to delay the trapping and translocating of otters until young-of-the-year are likely large enough to have a high probability of survival. We further recommend female-biased translocations, as females were less likely to survive translocations.
Parasitological analyses of Eimeria infections in domestic animals and the development of molecular methods for species discrimination

Title Parasitological analyses of Eimeria infections in domestic animals and the development of molecular methods for species discrimination [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review] Author(s) 川原, 史也 Issue Date 2016-03-24 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/62073 Rights(URL) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.1/jp/ Type theses (doctoral abstract and summary of review) Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information Fumiya_Kawahara_review. pdf (審査の要旨)
Clinical Significance of Disseminated Pluripotent Tumor Cell Signature Expression in the Bone Marrow from Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Purpose: Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) are critically involved in tumor relapse and survival in several invasive tumors. We previously showed that the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, ABCB5, is a chemoresistance mediator expressed on specific cell subsets in colorectal cancer (CRC) and other malignancies. This study evaluated the molecular signature expression and its clinical relevance of DTCs in bone marrow from patients with colon cancer. Methods: This study included 49 consecutive patients (UICC stage I-IV) that underwent curatively intended or palliative surgery for CRC. We analyzed cells from bone marrow aspirates obtained before surgery and derived from patients that had completed minimally a 5-year follow-up. The gene expression of ABCB5 in comparison to CD133 (molecule for identifying cancer initiating cells), Lgr5 (an intestinal stem cell marker) as well as Cytokeratin (CK) 20 (terminally differentiated tumor cells of epithelial origin) in these cells was evaluated. Results: Bone marrow analysis showed differential expression between the analyzed genes. ABCB5 and Lgr5 and to lesser extent CD133 and CK20 genes were significantly expressed in the analyzed cells from bone marrow aspirates while only ABCB5 and Lgr5 were significantly negative associated with tumor progress and overall survival. Conclusion: Overexpression of ABCB5 and Lgr5 in bone marrow negatively influenced patient survival pointing to a specific chemo resistant and pluripotent cell subgroup of DTCs in the bone marrow. ABCB5 like Lgr5 positive cells seem to be involved in limited tumor related patient survival, suggesting that ABCB5- and Lgr5-positive cells may be relevant for specific clinical intervention strategies
English language prepositions: An Albatross for English Language learners In Nigeria

The acquisition and learning of a language involve understanding and mastery of what constitutes its grammar. This paper assessed the performance of second language undergraduate students in the use of English prepositions and determined the likely sources of challenges in its correct use. One hundred and ninety eight undergraduate students were randomly selected from the Department of English Language of a Nigerian University. An assessment test on preposition use was the main instrument for data collection. The results show that the highest number of the students scored between 15 and 19 over 50 which is the modal class. Less than average (43.7%) scored fifty and above. The challenges and difficulties encountered in the use of prepositions are linked to the nature of English prepositions: Polysemy, idiomatic usage and substitution with first language (LI) prepositions. The difficulties were made manifest as majority of the respondents wrongly substituted ‘on’ with other prepositions such as ‘in’, ‘at’, ‘over’, ‘for’, ‘by’, ‘with’, ‘to’ usually influenced by L1 meaning. To address the difficulty in preposition use, the study recommended an eclectic approach combining collocation, prototype and cognitive linguistic approaches for teaching following a comparative and contrastive study of the preposition systems of the languages (L1 and L2) involved. Learners are encouraged to use dictionaries and e-learning modules to complement the classroom teaching. Key words: Preposition, English Language learners, ESL learners.
Locomotor activity of terrestrial predators and its consequences

The relations between body mass (M) and daily movement distance (DMD), daily food consumption (DFC) and home range size (HR) were examined in three families of Carnivora. The relative locomotion costs were estimated, and it was shown that during the course of 24 hours Mustelidae cover greater distances than Canidae and Felidae possesing the same body mass.
Cultural and Ritual Burning Emission Factors and Activity Levels in India

Real-world particulate matter, organic carbon, and elemental carbon (OC and EC) emission measurements were measured for different cultural and ritual burning practices. These were (g/kg): 11.36 (OC), 0.27 (EC) and 31.04 (RPM) for Marriage Events; 27.04 (OC), 0.18 (EC) and 123.82 (RPM) for Muslim Holy Shrines; 25.99 (OC), 0.85 (EC) and 47.93 (RPM) for Buddhist Temples; and 3.47 (OC), 7.96 (EC) and 20.13 (RPM) for Hindu Temples. When projected to reasonable levels of such activities throughout India, the total annual emissions would be 72.38 Gg/yr, comparable to those from transport (165 Gg/yr), power plants (19 Gg/yr), agricultural waste burning (428 Gg/yr) and forest and savannah burning (176 Gg/yr).