Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Water Stress on Growth and Root Characteristics of Lentil

Background: Lentil mainly grows on residual soil moisture under rainfed conditions leading to abrupt soil moisture depletion causing mid or terminal drought stress to plants. Application of supplemental irrigation and adopting high yielding cultivars could alleviate drought stress and secure higher yield. Our present study aimed to study the growth of some promising varieties of lentil under four moisture regimes. Methods: To study the physiological responses of some promising lentil varieties under water stress, a pot experiment was performed at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal during 2018-2019. Four lentil varieties i.e. Asha, PL 6, Subrata and Ranjan were grown under four moisture stress treatments through supplying water maintaining irrigation water (IW): cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) at its 100, 75, 50 and 25%. Result: Without stress condition Asha maintained the highest RLWC of 82.6 and 66.1% during flowering and pod formation stages, respectively; while Subrata got the maximum chlorophyll content (2.82 g l-1) during flowering stage. Under no stress root length density, root surface area and root volume were experienced the maximum values in all varieties, while, average root diameter was the highest under severe stress treatment for Ranjan. Our study concluded that Asha had potential to withstand water stress but Subrata was proved to be the best variety under no stress condition.
Gender and the STEM Fields in Education- and Career-Related Discussions between Finnish Parents and their Adolescent Children

Occupational gender segregation in Finland is high and persistent in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Previous research has concluded that, rather than differences in aptitude, gendered educational and vocational choices originate from more complex system of attitudes, self-concepts, motivations and both direct and indirect social influences, all of which shape young people’s future goals. In the sphere of social influences on career choice, parents play a special role in adolescents’ education and career exploration. This study explores two interrelated areas: firstly, the ideas expressed by Finnish adolescent children’s parents about the role of gender in education and career choices, and secondly, parent-child discussions about such ideas, especially with regard to STEM career pathways. The research data (N=103) was collected by means of an online survey. Almost half of the parents reported having had discussions about STEM careers with their children. Problematically, many parents considered that they had too little information about these careers. Our results indicate that mothers are more aware of the societal and individual consequences of occupational gender segregation than fathers are. The results also suggest that parents should be provided with up-to-date information on STEM careers and on the consequences of occupational gender segregation in order to enhance parents’ readiness to support their children in their future exploration of education and careers. Greater collaboration between homes, career counseling, teachers and relevant organizations concerned with the economic world, working life and entrepreneurship would be beneficial in promoting awareness of these aspects during adolescents’ career development.
Hardware/Software Co-design Flow Using Automatic Generation of Embedded System Framework Based on Interacting FSM Model

Today’s embedded System is complex. An embedded system design project may involve of various engineering field. A rapidly-available and well-defined framework code brings advantages to the team consists of many engineers from various domains. This framework must be easy to use for communication purpose and analysis (model). This paper proposes a design flow based on a model which is high level but precise enough to use in automatic generation of the embedded system framework code. The model is flexible for rapid modification. The event driven paradigm and the FSM are used in the model. The design flow uses the model to generate framework code based on an existing platform. The work presented in this paper produces tool for the generation which is called EBGES. The proposed model describes the system as set of finite state machines (FSM) and events. This model serves for two purposes: (1) to be discussed by the developers/various engineers before deciding the platform and the architecture of the system, (2) to be used for generating the framework code. An automatic code generator is developed to produce a framework code from the model. The framework consists of (1) the FSM for every block, (2) communications between the FSMs, (3) function prototypes (for software) for function used by FSM, (4) interface of hardware module used by the FSMs, (5) instantiation of the platform. The generator software takes the model in form of annotated diagrams which are created schematically using a GUI environment. The diagrams follow UML standard. The outputs are VHDL code for hardware and C code for the software part. Example of calculator application is developed to test the tool and the flow. The generated framework code in the calculator experiment accelerated the development. Up to 51% of the code is generated automatically and 49 % of the code is written manually. The result of the experiment shows significantly improvement on design productivity which is the comes from: (1) abstraction of the behavior of subsystems/modules (HW or SW) by hiding unnecessary detail and (2) automatic generation of the framework code.
Light-Controlled Selective Disruption, Multilevel Patterning, and Sequential Release with Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films Incorporating Four Photocleavable Chromophores

We report photolabile polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs), produced by the layer-by-layer (LbL) approach, which comprise commercially available photoinert polyanions and photolabile polycations. Photochemical degradation of synthetic photolabile polycations renders these PEMs soluble in near neutral aqueous solutions. Taking advantage of the vast array of available photocleavable chromophores that absorb different wavelengths of light with different quantum yields of photolysis, we designed four photolabile polycations (P1–P4), each containing different photocleavable groups: dialkylaminocoumarin group (P1), different nitrobenzyl groups (P2 and P3), and methoxyphenacyl group (P4). PEMs containing different chromophores dissolved selectively under different irradiation conditions. Sequential photocontrolled dissolution of multilayers from a hybrid, quadruple-compartment LBL film was demonstrated using this approach, as was photolithographic patterning of films at multiple heights using different irradiation.
Effect of plant protection on assemblages of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in sugar beet crops in four-year rotation

The influence of chemical plant protection on carabid beetle assemblages was studied in an experiment conducted on fields of sugar beet at the IOR-PIB Experimental Station in Winna Gora, Poland. The experiment was composed of a block of control fields (no chemical plant protection treatments) and second block, where plant protection was carried out in compliance with the applicable plant protection program. Ground beetles were caught from May to August/September in four years, using modified Barber traps. As a result of the study, 11 881 specimens belonging to 52 species of Carabidae were collected. The most numerous species were: Harpalus rufipes, Pterostichus melanarius, Calathus ambiguus and Bembidion properans. Overall, our results demonstrate that the application of chemical plant protection treatments decreased the abundance of carabid beetles in sugar beet fields, but had no effect on species richness. The use of pesticides induced changes in some life traits of Carabidae fauna. After a pesticide application, the abundance of macropterous hemizoophages and medium carnivores with the autumn type of breeding decreased, whereas the abundance of small carnivores increased.
University Website Information Quality and Its Effect on Student Interest in Enrollment

: A university’s website is often the first point of entry for a potential student to explore information about an academic program. If information quality (IQ) problems are encountered, that student may lose interest and apply to a different school. The purpose of this study is to investigate if a relationship exists between the IQ of an academic department’s website and student interest in enrollment. To pursue this research, we used a survey to gauge student reactions to an academic program’s websites by using the IQ dimensions Accuracy, Consistency, Completeness, and Timeliness. The survey was administered through an online game called Travian. Travian has over ten-million players where the vast majority is between 18 and 22 years old with most residing in the USA. Surveys were administered over a 30-day period through the game’s forums. The results of this study showed there is a strong relationship between the information quality dimensions, an academic department’s website and student interest in enrollment.
A Nonlinear Model for the Rapid Prediction of the Magnetic Field in Eccentric Synchronous Reluctance Machines

This article introduces a novel numerical model for the fast characterization of concentric and eccentric synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) used in electric vehicles (EVs) applications. Regarding the high impact of the air gap and permeance function on the modeling accuracy, a step variation function is used to consider the flux barriers’ effect on the air gap. Then, different types of eccentricity, including static, dynamic, and mixed eccentricity, are modeled. Besides, this model considers the magnetic saturation and the stator slots effect. Numerical computation for the motor inductances is applied to avoid any approximation in the permeance function. The air-gap flux density, electromagnetic torque, and radial force on the rotor are then calculated. This model can be used for the preliminary design of SynRMs to analyze the motor performance in different conditions and accelerate the design procedure. The model is simply adjustable to different configurations. For instance, a four-pole single-layer distributed winding machine with 36-slot and three-flux barriers per pole is investigated. In order to verify the proposed model, the obtained results are compared with finite-element analysis (FEA) and experimental tests. The accuracy of the proposed model for eccentricities up to 30% is 98%, and for higher degrees, it is about 95%.
Application of a Four-Tier Diagnosis Test for Evaluating Student's Misconception about Blood Classification

Article history: Received: 19 Apr 2020 Accepted: 11 Des 2020 Published: 31 Des 2020 Background: A misconception is a form of error in scientific knowledge that is believed to be accurate. As a result, someone who has a misconception of something will reject scientific truth and will hinder the assimilation of new knowledge. The purpose of this study was to identify misconceptions that occur in students regarding the topic of blood classification. Methods: The survey method research was conducted on 97 students scattered in Malang and Tulungagung, Indonesia. The data analysis technique uses coding for categorization into four categories: conceptual understanding, partial understanding, misconception, and not understanding the concept. Results: The results showed that misconceptions occurred in all sub-topics of blood classification. Misconceptions were found in the concept of blood plasma (2.1%), white blood cells (6.2%), thrombocytes (17.5%), and blood classification system (8.2%). Misconceptions occur due to several misunderstandings of students such as red blood cells that play a role in transporting nutrients, haemoglobin only binds oxygen, and difficulty distinguishing between antigens and antibodies in determining blood groups, blood donation, and the impact arising from donations. Conclusion: The existence of misconceptions causes students' mastery of blood classification material to be hampered.
From the Mouths of the Elderly: What can their Life Experience Teach us?

Reminiscing by older adults can facilitate beneficial outcomes through the preparation for the end of life, the cohesiveness of life narratives, and the creation of life meanings. Given this, and the historical challenges of communication between generations, the objective of this study was two-fold: (1) to harness the beneficial role reminiscence can play in the mental health of older adults; (2) to facilitate generational learning by documenting and thematically analyzing the experiences and knowledge of older adults. We hypothesized that our interviews, which had the stated goal of helping younger people navigate life challenges, would not only act as a catalyst for the participants to reminisce but also create a corpus of knowledge which could be later transcribed and analyzed into accessible “pearls of wisdom”. The interviews were conducted in Canada with 132 participants who were 60 to 94 years of age with six questions constructed to promote further commentary. Through the interviews, we were successful in producing a large representation of the older adults’ experiences and what they believed would be beneficial for the younger generation. Due to the potential benefits for participants and larger communities, we recommend this approach be adopted for future studies.
Updating Radio Maps Without Pain: An Enhanced Transfer Learning Approach

In recent years, the demand for indoor positioning systems has grown rapidly with regard to location-based services. As a cost-effective choice, WiFi-based indoor positioning has attracted great increasing research attentions because it does not require external devices installed in the target environment. Although extensive research has been conducted on WiFi fingerprint matching, the problem of automatically adapting radio maps to fresh signal space environment still exists. The traditional methods often conduct site surveys regularly to update the outdated radio maps, which is time consuming and laborious. In this work, we propose an indoor positioning system AAIMSS to automatically update the radio maps based on an enhanced transfer learning (TL) approach with altered access points (APs) identification and mapping space searching. In the system, the proposed TL approach removes the outlier features and then searches a more accurate mapping space between the original radio map and crowdsourcing data. Our lightweight solution does not rely on additional devices and inertial sensors with high-power consumption. A set of experiments has been conducted in a teaching building to evaluate AAIMSS. The results show that this AAIMSS is robust to locate users in a dynamic environment. The average positioning accuracy achieves 2.5m, which significantly outperforms the positioning strategies with the original radio map by 65.3%, the radio map by directly removing the altered APs by 19.4%, and the radio map by the traditional TL by 85.2%.
Bitcoin Sentiment Index, Bitcoin Performance and US Dollar Exchange Rate

Abstract This study introduces a comprehensive Google search volume based Bitcoin Sentiment Index (BSI) and investigates its symmetric and asymmetric association with Bitcoin's returns, volume, and volatility, and with United States Dollar (USD) exchange rates. Our results indicate a positive association of BSI with Bitcoin's returns and volume, but a negative relationship with its return volatility. Besides, Bitcoin's optimistic sentiments have an asymmetric relationship with the USD exchange rate in the short-run, and the Bitcoin price has an asymmetric and negative association with USD in the short-run and long-run. We also found a 35.47% speed of adjustment to long-run equilibrium.
EVOLUTION OF TURKISH MOVIE CLUSTER: A SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS PERSPECTIVE

The term culture industry was first used by Adorno and Horkheimer (2002) in order to describe the mass production of cultural goods such as films, music, radio programs, and so on with an emphasis on the deterioration of the philosophical role of culture. Nevertheless, the scope and the usage of the term has evolved over time, and nowadays it covers all creative and media industries with a diversified focus. In this context, the concept of culture or creative cluster has also become an attractive approach in the literature, and consequently, a policy tool. Employment of certain measures such as concentration indexes (particularly LQ-Location Quotient) are widespread in the literature for the identification of the clusters (Boix et al., 2015). However, many central conceptual and theoretical questions are still unanswered regarding the extent and evolution of the clusters concerned.
Integrasi ANP dan OMAX dalam Pengukuran Kinerja Rantai Pasok Industri Kimia

pasok suatu perusahaan. Kinerja yang kurang baik berdampak pada berkurangnya kepercayaan konsumen atau peningkatan biaya dalam supply chain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kinerja rantai pasok sebuah perusahaan kimia di daerah Banten. Pengukuran berdasarkan Key Performance Indicator (KPI) yang telah disepakati perusahaan dengan menggunakan Analytic Network Process (ANP) dan Objective Matrix (OMAX). Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan total indeks kinerja rantai pasokan perusahaan pada bulan April 2020 masih berada pada kategori kuning (7,23). Salah satu penyebab tidak tercapainya target adalah permasalahan di waktu produksi yang masih berada dalam kategori merah. Perencanaan produksi berdasarkan kapasitas produksi dan kemampuan peralatan merupakan salah satu keputusan strategis dalam menjaga produksi bisa berjalan dengan lancar. Perencanaan perawatan yang terencana untuk meningkatkan kehandalan juga berpengaruh pada kemampuan proses produksi dalam menghasilkan produk sesuai dengan yang telah direncanakan. Integrasi ANP dan OMAX merupakan integrasi metode yang baik untuk pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok berdasarkan lima proses inti Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR).
Climate change and Brazil’s coastal zone: socio-environmental vulnerabilities and action strategies

The coastal zone, where most of the Brazilian population lives, plays a central role for discussing vulnerability and adaptation strategies to climate change. Besides saltmarshes, mangroves and coral reefs, this region also presents seagrass beds, macroalgae and rhodolith beds, forming underwater forests, which are key habitats for services such as biodiversity conservation, O2 production, and absorption of part of the CO2 from the atmosphere. Science endorses that ocean warming and acidification, sea level rise, biological invasions and their interactions with pollution, overfishing, and other stressors undermine the structure and functioning of these ecosystems, thus increasing the region's socio-environmental vulnerability. Ecosystem conservation, management and potential bioremediation/restoration using science-based solutions must be prioritized in order to reduce the vulnerability of coastal communities and the ocean.
Enhanced thermal properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites with ultrathin nanosheets of MXene

Here, we report a facile method to delaminate MXene (Ti3C2Tx) and prepare poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/MXene composites by solution blending. Compared with neat PVDF, the PVDF composites with varying content of MXene (0–5 wt%) showed an enhancement in the PVDF thermal conductivity. In particular, when a loading of 5 wt% was attained, the thermal conductivity was increased to 0.363 W mK−1, an approximate 1-fold enhancement compared with that of neat PVDF. In addition, MXene also exhibited a better performance in enhancing the thermal dynamic mechanical properties of PVDF. For instance, PVDF composites with only 5 wt% MXene exhibited a storage modulus as high as 7501 MPa, corresponding to a 64% enhancement compared with that of neat PVDF. In light of the excellent thermal properties of the PVDF/MXene composites, they can be expected to have a wide range of potential applications in thermal interfacial materials and structural components.
Coupled gas flow-plasma model for a gliding arc: investigations of the back-breakdown phenomenon and its effect on the gliding arc characteristics

We present a 3D and 2D Cartesian quasi-neutral plasma model for a low current argon gliding arc discharge, including strong interactions between the gas flow and arc plasma column. The 3D model is applied only for a short time of 0.2 ms due to its huge computational cost. It mainly serves to verify the reliability of the 2D model. As the results in 2D compare well with those in 3D, they can be used for a better understanding of the gliding arc basic characteristics. More specifically, we investigate the back-breakdown phenomenon induced by an artificially controlled plasma channel, and we discuss its effect on the gliding arc characteristics. The back-breakdown phenomenon, or backward-jump motion of the arc, as observed in the experiments, results in a drop of the gas temperature, as well as in a delay of the arc velocity with respect to the gas flow velocity, allowing more gas to pass through the arc, and thus increasing the efficiency of the gliding arc for gas treatment applications.
Water Stress Limits Growth and Physiological Performance of Jatropha curcas L. Seedlings

Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) is a potential biodiesel plant that gained much attention in non-oil production countries. We investigated the ability of the species to cope with water deficit occurring in semi-arid zones like Senegal climatic conditions. The layout of the experiment was a randomized complete blocks design with two factors (level and frequency of irrigation) and 6 repetitions. The trial was conducted from December 2012 to June 2013 in CERAAS/ISRA at Thiès, Senegal. Potted Jatropha seedlings were exposed, after three months under similar well-watered conditions, to three water regimes (100%, 50% and 25% of field capacity, respectively C100, C50 and C25) and two frequency of watering once and twice watering a week(F1 and F2, respectively). The different treatments didn’t affect significantly collar diameter and plant height during the time of the experimentation. Nevertheless, the trend line is up for collar diameter and plant height in wellwatered plants. For the same frequency of irrigation, biomass accumulated was high in C100. No difference was found between plants biomass in C25-F1 and C25-F2. For physiological parameters, there are no differences between the treatments at the onset of stress. However, after Original Research Article Sine et al.; JAERI, 21(10): 47-53, 2020; Article no.JAERI. 64304 48 2 weeks of stress, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration were affected permanently in treatments C100-F1, C50-F1 and C25-F1 and their values never reached those of plants of C100-F2, 50-F2 and C25-F2. The opposite was noted for leaf temperature. For the same frequency of irrigation, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration were higher in C100 and the opposite occurred for the leaf temperature. These results demonstrate that growth and productivity of Jatropha are significantly affected by water stress conditions. Its need to be watered regularly to maintain physiological functions and biomass production definitely highlights that its growth in semi-arid zones is economically unlikely.