Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studying the parallel efficiency of CFD-DEM approach with inconsistent domains for multiphase flows cases

CFD-DEM approach is widely used for simulation of granular flow in different applications [1]. Such applications can be simulation in blast furnace during iron production, particles flow simulations in wells during drilling mud cutting process, simulation of circulating fluidized beds. The parallel efficiency is crucial to CFD-DEM solvers for simulations of complex problems for simulating large granular systems, where the equations are solved in parallel by the DEM and CFD modules. In the coupling procedure for CFD-DEM approach, the particle information obtained in each module is transferred to the other module. If the subdomains of individual processors in each module were perfectly consistent, the information of every particle would be local to each processor for both CFD and DEM modules. In this situation inter-processor communication is unnecessary in the coupling. However, the subdomains in most numerical simulations are inconsistent. This is due to the consideration of parallel efficiency when decomposing the domain. In this situation the information of some particles obtained in CFD and DEM module are not stored in the same processor. Hence, interprocessor communication is required for these non-local particles. The parallelization in the present solver is performed as follows: The DEM dedicated module evolved the particles one step forward; The non-local particles are found in the DEM dedicated module. This is the preparation step before transferring non-local data; The information of non-local particles in each processor is transferred to other processors; The particle information obtained in the DEM module is now local to the CFD dedicated module. The information of the particles in the CFD module is updated and can be used in the next CFD step. After last step the inter-processor communication is finished. The non-local data obtained by the DEM module is transferred to update the information of particles in the CFD module. Following this approach, the non-local information obtained in the CFD module can also be transferred to the particles in the DEM module. The parallel efficiency of special solver sediFoam was studied [2]. Two famous multiphase flows cases for fluidized bed and sediment transport are performed to test the strong scalability of sediFoam solver for large-scale simulations. We used several million particles and different CFD meshes on various numbers of processors from 4 to 240. The simulations showed that the efficiency of sediFoam depended from the number particles in each processor. The work is supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research RFBR (Grant No. 17-07-01391).
Finding Consensus Bugs in Ethereum via Multi-transaction Differential Fuzzing

Ethereum is the second-largest blockchain platform next to Bitcoin. In the Ethereum network, decentralized Ethereum clients reach consensus through transitioning to the same blockchain states according to the Ethereum speciﬁcation. Consensus bugs are bugs that make Ethereum clients transition to incorrect blockchain states and fail to reach consensus with other clients. Consensus bugs are extremely rare but can be exploited for network split and theft, which cause reliability and security-critical issues in the Ethereum ecosystem. We describe Fluffy, a multi-transaction differential fuzzer for ﬁnding consensus bugs in Ethereum. First, Fluffy mutates and executes multi-transaction test cases to ﬁnd consensus bugs which cannot be found using existing fuzzers for Ethereum. Second, Fluffy uses multiple existing Ethereum clients that independently implement the speciﬁcation as cross-referencing oracles. Compared to a state-of-the-art fuzzer, Fluffy improves the fuzzing throughput by 510 × and the code coverage by 2 . 7 × with various optimizations: in-process fuzzing, fuzzing harnesses for Ethereum clients, and semantic-aware mutation that reduces erroneous test cases. Fluffy found two new consensus bugs in the most popular Geth Ethereum client which were exploitable on the live Ethereum mainnet. Four months after we reported the bugs to Geth developers, one of the bugs was triggered on the mainnet, and caused nodes using a stale version of Geth to hard fork the Ethereum blockchain. The blockchain community considers this hard fork the greatest challenge since the infamous 2016 DAO hack. We have made Fluffy publicly available at https://github.com/snuspl/ﬂuffy to contribute to the security of Ethereum.
Aleksei Bykov

The enterprise's diagnostic system, which can define the crisis stage and the causes of crisis, is developed. The diagnosing is carried out through the simulation of fluctuations of criteria, which describe the main processes on the enterprise, in the frame of stochastic parameters, estimated beforehand. As against known diagnostic models, the proposed system forms the verbal description of lacks in work of the enterprise with the indication of reliability of the given results.
Sansevieria: An Evaluation Of Potential Cytotoxic Activity In Reference To Metabolomic And Molecular Docking Studies

Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. and Sansevieria suffruticosa N.E. Br. were selected to evaluate their cytotoxic activity against colon (CACO2), lung (A-549) and liver (HepG-2) carcinoma cell lines. Results indicated that S. suffruticosa N.E. Br. showed a significant cytotoxic effect on CACO2 with IC50= 30.9 ± 0.72 μg/ml. Evaluating the phenolic and flavonoid contents, S. suffruticosa N.E. Br. has higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than S. trifasciata Prain. The phenolic content was estimated using HPLC detecting the presence of apigenin-7-glucoside and cinnamic acid only in S. suffruticosa N.E. Br. with p-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-coumaric acid being the major compounds. While, catechin and kaempferol are the major compounds detected in S. trifasciata Prain. Phytochemical investigation of ethyl acetate fractions of both species results in isolation of chlorogenic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin from S. trifasciata Prain. and apigenin-7-glucoside and rutin from S. suffruticosa N.E. Br. Isolated compounds are identified using recent spectroscopic methods. All compounds are isolated for the first time from these species. Metabolomic profiling indicates the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids and saponins in the alcoholic extracts of the two species. In addition, molecular docking study was done for further investigation of the possible targets involved in the cytotoxicity of the alcoholic extracts of the two Sansevieria species. The ability of some phenolic compounds to interact with EGFR cancer target site rationalizes the cytotoxic activity of S. suffruticosa N.E. Br. alcoholic extract as proven by their docking pattern and docking score.
A Particle Finite Element Method with Nodal Integration for free-surface fluid flows

This work presents the implementation of a nodal integration algorithm within a Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) framework and its application to free-surface fluid dynamics problems. The PFEM combines the solution of the Finite Element Method governing equations with an efficient remeshing algorithm [1]. The PFEM has proved to be an efficient strategy to model problems where severe changes of topology occur. Thanks to its Updated Lagrangian formulation and remeshing procedure, the PFEM is able to track accurately the evolving shape of the deforming bodies while maintaining a high quality of the mesh also in large deformations processes. However, remeshing operations induce the elimination of the mesh connectivities and the loss of elemental data. On the other hand, the use of re-mapping procedures, due to the interpolation operations, introduces a new source of error into the solution scheme. These issues make the PFEM more appropriate to problems in which it is not required the storage of historical variables at the element level, explaining why there exists a larger literature of PFEM formulations for fluids rather than for solids (see e.g. a recent PFEM literature review in [2]). To overcome this limitation, very recently in [3], the use of a nodal integration scheme in a PFEM framework has been investigated and successfully applied to geotechnical problems. This work focuses on free-surface fluid dynamics problems and, in this context, it compares the performances of a PFEM with nodal integration and with the Gauss standard integration. The two strategies are analyzed in terms of solution’s accuracy, computational time, and non-linear convergence. Several 2D and 3D benchmark problems with both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids will be presented and discussed.
A study of 3-dimensional shapes of asteroid families with an application to Eos

In order to fully understand the shapes of asteroids families in the 3-dimensional space of the proper elements (ap, ep, sin Ip) it is necessary to compare observed asteroids with N-body simulations. To this point, we describe a rigorous yet simple method which allows for a selection of the observed asteroids, assures the same size-frequency distribution of synthetic asteroids, accounts for a background population, and computes a χ metric. We study the Eos family as an example, and we are able to fully explain its non-isotropic features, including the distribution of pole latitudes β. We confirm its age = ± t (1.3 0.3) Gyr; while this value still scales with the bulk density, it is verified by a Monte-Carlo collisional model. The method can be applied to other populous families (Flora, Eunomia, Hygiea, Koronis, Themis, Vesta, etc.).
Removal and Separation of Hg(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Macroporous Polystyrene-co-Divinylbenzene-Supported Polyamine Chelating Resins

Three polyamine-functionalized macroporous polystyrene-co-divinylbenzene beads prepared by ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), and triethylenetetramine (TETA) modification, respectively (called PS-EDA, PS-DETA, and PS-TETA), have been investigated as high-capacity chelating resins for Hg(II) ions. Their structures were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and porous analysis. PS-EDA, PS-DETA, and PS-TETA were found to be highly effective for the adsorption of Hg(II) ions, exhibiting uptake capacities of (1.55, 1.73, and 1.84) mmol of Hg(II) ions/g of adsorbent, respectively. Kinetic data indicated that the adsorption process achieved equilibrium within 10 h and followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation. The adsorption isotherm data fit the Frendlich model and its linearized form well, together with thermodynamic data indicating the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. Results of a desorption study showed that Hg(II) ions adsorbed onto PS-EDA, PS-DETA, .
Entropy decay in the Swendsen–Wang dynamics on ℤd

We study the mixing time of the Swendsen-Wang dynamics for the ferromagnetic Ising and Potts models on the integer lattice ℤd. This dynamics is a widely used Markov chain that has largely resisted sharp analysis because it is non-local, i.e., it changes the entire configuration in one step. We prove that, whenever strong spatial mixing (SSM) holds, the mixing time on any n-vertex cube in ℤd is O(logn), and we prove this is tight by establishing a matching lower bound. The previous best known bound was O(n). SSM is a standard condition corresponding to exponential decay of correlations with distance between spins on the lattice and is known to hold in d=2 dimensions throughout the high-temperature (single phase) region. Our result follows from a modified log-Sobolev inequality, which expresses the fact that the dynamics contracts relative entropy at a constant rate at each step. The proof of this fact utilizes a new factorization of the entropy in the joint probability space over spins and edges that underlies the Swendsen-Wang dynamics, which extends to general bipartite graphs of bounded degree. This factorization leads to several additional results, including mixing time bounds for a number of natural local and non-local Markov chains on the joint space, as well as for the standard random-cluster dynamics.
Structures of Liquid Crystalline Wholly Aromatic Copolyester Films.

p-ヒドロキシ安息香酸 (HBA), テレフタル酸 (TPA), ビフェノール (BP), イソフタル酸 (IPA) からなる液晶性全芳香族ポリエステル共重合体のIPAモノマー組成比が異なる2種のコポリマーをペンタフロロフェノールとクロロホルムの混合溶媒を用いて成膜して, それらのコポリマーフィルムの高次構造および熱処理に伴う高次構造変化について検討した. 溶媒キャスト法で成膜したHTBIコポリマーフィルムにはわずかに微結晶の形成は認められるものの結晶性は極めて低く, 透明で等方的な構造を示した. フィルム内の分子鎖はフィルム面とほぼ水平に積層した構造を示し, これは剛直鎖からなる高分子の特徴と考えられる. as-castフィルムはTg以上の温度での熱処理により, 低温結晶化を生じ, 密度は熱処理温度に伴って増加する傾向を示した. as-castフィルムには斜方晶の微結晶が形成され, 微結晶は低温結晶化により生長するために, 斜方晶から六方充填構造への相転移は200℃～230℃と, 溶融成形試料よりも高い温度で生じた. 非晶性の高いas-castフィルムはいずれも高い引張伸度を示し, IPA組成が12 mol%のフィルムにおいては180%という高い伸度を示した. このように溶媒キャストフィルムは熱処理や延伸操作によって高次構造が比較的幅広く変化することが示された.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN JOJOBA (SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS)

The study aims to characterize the leaves of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) under salt stress (50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) at physiological and molecular levels. Physiological analysis included photosynthetic pigments of chlorophylls-a, and -b as well as carotenoids. H2O2 content as well as two antioxidant enzymes, namely catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, were also analyzed. Overall results of physiological parameters indicated their differential response due to the stress. Molecular analysis, done via RNA-Seq and mapping highly expressed transcripts to KEGG pathways, resulted in a large number of regulated genes under salt stress, of which, 13 genes in six pathways were further studied referring to the studied physiological parameters. These genes included ALDO and TKT that promote both Calvin-Benson cycle and the production of erythrose4-phosphate that acts upstream nine genes towards better growth under stress conditions. Other genes included HAO that mediates crosstalking of “carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms” pathway and APX that participates in “Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism” pathway. Overall, the six pathways were proven to crosstalk under salt stress in Jojoba to provide salt stress tolerance. This information can help using this plant as a source of biodiesel in salinized soil or areas of water scarce.
Who blogs creative people ?

Blogging is gaining increasing attention as a useful personal and scientific knowledge sharing media in social network technology. Many studies have been done on the personal characteristics of bloggers; who blogs and who does not? (Chai & Kim, 2010; Hollenbaugh, 2010; Smith, 2010). But empirical research addressing bloggers' level of creativity as their personal characteristic has been scant. In this study we try to investigate whether bloggers are creative people or not. Accordingly, a questionnaire survey was distributed between 30 Iranian bloggers and 30 other nonbloggers aged 15-30. The results of the study tend to shed light on the impact of creativity on the likelihood of being a blogger. © 2014 Elixir All rights reserved. ARTIC LE INFO Article h istory: Received: 16 April 2014; Received in revised form: 19 June 2014; Accepted: 3 July 2014;
Spatio-temporal clustering with a temporal sliding window for tracking of convective activity

Meteorological radars allow to detect and track convective activity, but its cover and number are limited. An alternative would be to track convective activity by means of atmospheric electric discharges using data from the RINDAT network. Aiming for this objective, it is needed to study the eventual spatial and temporal delay between precipitation and discharges, proposed in this work by the spatio-temporal clustering of discharges and also by precipitation nuclei with sliding-window.
Comparison Between Electrical Impedance and Optical Spectroscopy for a Field Soil Analysis

In this paper, we performed a comparative analysis of the electrical impedance and optical methods performance for a field soil characterization. The study was optimized by reducing the texture variation and the influence of the unknown soil elements that are not in the focus of this research. The research dataset was created using pure soil from two agriculture farms and fertilized with fertilizers selected by farmers. The impedance spectrometer developed in our laboratory was used to perform the impedance measurements between 30 kHz and 14 MHz showing promising results. Optical measurements were performed within the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-VIS-NIR) range. The obtained results indicate that it is possible to perform low-cost soil analysis with high accuracy for a field fertilization analysis. Keywordsfertilizer analysis; soil analysis; impedance sensor;
Dependency Enhanced Contextual Representations for Japanese Temporal Relation Classification

Temporal relation identification is the task of identifying temporal relationships between pairs of entities, namely temporal expressions and events, and is useful in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, such as question answering, story telling, text summarization, etc. Temporal relation identification is a challenging task, especially for Asian languages such as Japanese and Chinese. Figure 1 shows an example of temporal relation extraction task. There are three events (i.e. e1, e2, e3), one time expression (i.e. t1), and one DCT inside. The directed edges in the figure indicate the temporal relations between these entities. Table 1 shows the temporal relations in Figure 1. Unlike English, there are few temporal relation identification studies in Japanese, due to limited data resources. Recently, contextual word embedding models, such as BERT[1] and ELMo [2] have been effectively used as contextual word representations, alleviating the need for additional resources when training a model. Differently from word embeddings such as word2vec [3] or GloVe [4], these methods compute the embeddings for a sentence on the fly by taking the context of a target word into account [5].
Attosecond technology(ies) and science

Since 2001 and the first demonstrations of the feasibility of generating and measuring attosecond light pulses, attosecond science has developed into a very active and quickly evolving research field. Its ultimate goal is the real-time tracking of electron dynamics in all forms of matter, ranging from atoms and large molecules to the condensed phase and plasmas. The accomplishment of this goal has required and still calls for developments in ultrafast laser technology, ultrafast metrology, extreme ultra-violet (XUV) optics, pump–probe measurement schemes and non-linear laser-matter interaction. Moreover, the interpretation of the experimental results in attosecond experiments has stimulated and guided major developments in theoretical descriptions of ultrafast electronic processes in matter. Motivated by these two decades of development, several large-scale facilities, including extreme light infrastructure—attosecond light pulse source (ELI-ALPS) and several free electron laser facilities (the linac coherent light source (LCLS) at Stanford and the European XFEL in Hamburg) are now pushing the development of a new generation of attosecond sources. This considerable technological effort opens new and important perspectives in the field of ultrafast science with potential applications in photochemistry, photobiology and advanced electronics. In this context, the joint focus issue on Attosecond technology(/ies) and science of J. Phys. Photon. and J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. aims to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in attosecond science, from the basic science involved in the generation and in applications of attosecond pulses to the technologies that are required.
Conference on the Political Economy of International Organizations

We invite submissions for the third annual conference on the political economy of international organizations to be held in Washington, DC during January 28-30, 2010. The conference will bring together economists, political scientists and other scholars to address politicaleconomy issues related to any international organization, including the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the World Trade Organization, and the European Union, as well as other regional organizations and non-governmental organizations. The conference aims to be international in character. Previous PEIO conferences have included contributions from economists and political scientists of various national origins and from six continents. This year we hope to build on and expand this diversity.
Supercapacitive hybrid materials from the thermolysis of porous coordination nanorods based on a catechol porphyrin

Synthesis of a series of porous coordination polymers with nanorod morphology constructed from a catechol-substituted porphyrin[meso-tetrakis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)porphyrin] is reported. While the coordination polymers had moderate surface areas (100–400 m2 g−1), their thermolysis in an inert atmosphere led to carboniferous materials with large surface areas (up to 800 m2 g−1), containing metal oxide nanoparticles. Capacitance measurements (by electrochemical charge–discharge and cyclic voltammetry) of the resulting hybrid materials revealed that these hybrid nanomaterials exhibit high (super) capacitances (up to 380 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) with good cycling properties. The results demonstrate the utility of using porphyrin coordination polymers for the preparation of hybrid supercapacitor materials and also indicate that these carbon–metal oxide nanoparticle materials are promising for energy storage applications.
Evidence from rural and urban China

Self-selection in rural–urban migration is examined using three datasets from rural and urban China in 2002. We construct a migrant sample including both migrants who converted their hukou status from rural to urban (permanent migrants) and those who did not (temporary migrants). We find a strong positive selection for permanent migrants, but the selection for temporary migrants is ambiguous. We reach these conclusions by comparing migrants’ counterfactual wage densities, assuming they are paid as rural local workers, to actual wage densities of rural local workers. Our results imply that permanent migration has negative effects on rural human capital accumulation and income levels. JEL classifications: C14, O15, P25.
Shipping Consolidation across Two Warehouses with Delivery Deadline and Expedited Options for E-commerce and Omni-channel Retailers

Problem definition: Shipment consolidation (i.e., shipping multiple orders together instead of shipping them separately) is commonly used to decrease total shipping costs. However, when the delivery of some orders is delayed, so they can be consolidated with future orders, a more expensive expedited shipment may be needed to meet shorter deadlines. In this paper, we study the optimal consolidation policy focusing on the trade-off between economies of scale due to combining orders and expedited shipping costs, in the setting of two warehouses. Academic/Practical Relevance: Our work is motivated by the application of fulfillment consolidation in e-commerce and omni-channel retail, especially with the rise of so-called on-demand logistics services. Sellers have the flexibility to take advantage of consolidation by deciding when to ship the orders and from which warehouse to fulfill the orders, as long as the orders’ deadlines are met. Methodology: We use Dynamic Programming to study the optimal policy and its structure. We also conduct extensive simulation tests to evaluate the performance of heuristics that are based on structures of the optimal policies. Results: The optimal policies and their structures are characterized. Using the insights of these structural properties, we propose two easily implementable heuristics that perform within 1-2% of the optimal solution and outperform other benchmark consolidation methods in numerical tests. Managerial Implications: Consolidation is shown to significantly reduce the outbound shipping costs. Retailers can take advantage of it to effectively improve the standard policies by simply applying the threshold-form heuristics we propose.