Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Five Satellite Top-of-Atmosphere Albedo Products over Land

Five satellite top-of-atmosphere (TOA) albedo products over land were evaluated in this study including global products from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) (TAL-AVHRR), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) (TAL-MODIS), and Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES); one regional product from the Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility (CM SAF); and one harmonized product termed Diagnosing Earth’s Energy Pathways in the Climate system (DEEP-C). Results showed that overall, there is good consistency among these five products, particularly after the year 2000. The differences among these products in the high-latitude regions were relatively larger. The percentage differences among TAL-AVHRR, TAL-MODIS, and CERES were generally less than 20%, while the differences between TAL-AVHRR and DEEP-C before 2000 were much larger. Except for the obvious decrease in the differences after 2000, the differences did not show significant changes over time, but varied among different regions. The differences between TAL-AVHRR and the other products were relatively large in the high-latitude regions of North America, Asia, and the Maritime Continent, while the differences between DEEP-C and CM SAF in Europe and Africa were smaller. Interannual variability was consistent between products after 2000, before which the differences among the three products were much larger.
FORMULATION OF CLARITHROMYCIN LOADED MUCOADHESIVE MICROSPHERES BY EMULSIFICATION­INTERNAL GELATION TECHNIQUE FOR ANTI­ HELICOBACTER PYLORI THERAPY

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has a strong association with chronic active gastritis and duodenal ulcer (DU). H. pylori infection can be detected in 90% of patients with DU and 70% of those with gastric ulcers. The most successful and universal treatment is triple therapy, three drugs twice a day for 1 week (proton pump inhibitor [PPI], amoxicillin and clarithromycin). However, some other reports and clinical trials indicate that the therapies cannot bring out complete eradication of H. pylori and suggest that the therapeutic effect needs more investigation. One of the reason for incomplete eradication is probably that the residence time of antimicrobial agents in the stomach is so short that effective antimicrobial concentrations cannot be achieved in the gastric mucous layer or epithelial cell surfaces where H. pylori exists. One way to improve the efficacy in eradicating the infection is to deliver the antibiotic locally in the stomach. Considering above issue, we have prepared clarithromycin loaded microspheres for anti – H.pylori Therapy. The mucoadhesive microspheres prepared by using sodium alginate alone and in combination with HPMC K4M and carbopol 974 P. Clarithromycin loaded mucoadhesive microspheres were successfully prepared by emulsification‐internal g elation technique with a maximum incorporation efficiency of 93 %. The scanning electron microscopic study indicated that the microspheres were spherical in shape. The in vitro wash‐off test indicated that the microspheres had good mucoadhesive properties. In vitro were conducted in 0.1 N HCL. The preliminary results show great promise for this delivery strategy in the treatment of H. Pylori infection.
Performance Characteristics of High Speed Permanent Magnet Machine with Different Rotor Retaining Sleeve

In order to protect permanent magnet, retaining sleeve is always used in high speed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). However, the retaining sleeve material characteristics have much influence on the performance of high speed PMSM. In this paper, taking a high speed PMSM as an example, eddy current loss distribution of rotor with different retaining sleeve is gotten and the variations of harmonic magnetic density in different part of rotor are analyzed. Based on 3D coupling calculation between fluid and temperature field, the temperature distribution is obtained when the retaining sleeve adopts titanium alloy, carbon fiber and Inconel alloy. In addition, rotor stress distribution and rotor dynamics are carried out. The obtained conclusions may provide some references for the design and analyses of the high speed PMSM.
The relation between Individual Student Behaviours in Video Presentation and their Modalities using VARK and PAEI Results

This research paper aims to investigate the relationship between students' personality characteristics using well-recognized models and their behaviours and activities in video content presentation. This paper is part of a research study focusing on video tagging methods for analysing the behaviour of team members. The authors analysed videos of student group presentations and a data set of student personality tests of the same student cohort, identifying their characteristics. By finding a relation between the two we better support students after assessing video content. The study aims at pursuing associations between human behaviour and personal modalities. This practice cab be very supportive in student assessment and career coaching. The work carried out was based on quantitative research methods for analysing the videos and combining them with two personality models, VARK (Visual, Aural, Read/write, and Kinaesthetic) modality preferences test and PAEI (Producer, Administrator, Entrepreneur, Integrator) methodology to give us information about student modality and leadership preferences. We found the average of behaviour occurrence and presentation duration average for each VARK profile and PAEI roles. We conclude from our results that students with an Administrator role in PAEI roles and with Multimodal and Aural style in VARK model are the most self-talking, while the highest average value for eye focus behaviour is for students with Producer role in PAEI roles and with Visual style in VARK model, and the largest speech loudness average is for students with an Administrator role in PAEI roles and with Visual style in VARK model.
Design Thinking in a Nutshell for Eliciting Requirements of a Business Process: A Case Study of a Design Thinking Workshop

The design thinking (DT) method has gained interest among software development organizations that strive towards better realization of user experience by building relationships, observing user behavior, and understanding user needs. Previous studies addressed the importance of DT in software-intensive development projects, mainly for realizing fuzzy needs of different stakeholders, better understanding problems before rushing to solutions, and enhancing creativity in innovation processes. The present research investigated whether and how a small dose of DT, e.g. a workshop, can facilitate requirements elicitation of an organization's business process. The paper presents an exploratory case study of a DT workshop on procurement process requirements conducted in a large technological organization specializing in the de-velopment of hardware and software systems. The study revealed that applying the DT method and tools promoted the discussion among the various stakeholders and allowed different voices to be heard, leading to new requirements regarding the business process, from both human and technical perspectives. Following the case study, we propose a general DT workshop for addressing business challenges. We argue that such a workshop can foster creativity and innovation in the context of business process requirements elicitation, addressing both human and technical concerns.
Comparison of MRAS and SMO method for sensorless PMSM drives

Sensorless control is an important issue in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under high reliability needed condition. Model of PMSM based sensorless control methods are suitable for medium and high speed region of the operation cycle. But, the parameter variation of PMSM restrict the application of the model based sensorless control. Two methods are compared for PMSM sensorless drives in this paper: model reference adaptive system (MRAS)and sliding mode observer (SMO). These methods are designed and simulated in MATLAB@SIMULINK software. The robustness of MRAS and SMO against parameter variation is analyzed and compared. The dynamic and static performance are also discussed for the two sensorless methods.
Evaluation of anti-Inflammatory activity of hydroxychloroquine and simvastatin combination in experimental animals.

In this study, combination of hydroxychloroquine and simvastatin was studied for its anti-inflammatory activity in rats. Thirty albino Wistar rats of either sex were divided into five groups i.e. control (received saline); hydroxychloroquine alone (received 24 mg/kg of hydroxychloroquine); Simvastatin alone (received 1.3 mg/kg of simvastatin); high dose combination of hydroxychloroquine (24 mg/kg) and simvastatin (1.3 mg/kg); low dose combination of hydroxychloroquine (12 mg/kg) and simvastatin (0.6 mg/kg) of six animal each. The antiinflammatory activity of the drugs was tested in carrageenan-induced rat-paw oedema. The high dose combination of hydroxychloroquine and simvastatin showed 91 % inhibition and low dose combination of hydroxychloroquine and simvastatin showed 92.3 % inhibition on carrageenan induced rat paw oedema at 9 hour. The results of this study revealed that combination of hydroxychloroquine and simvastatin has significantly higher (p<0.001) antiinflammatory activity than hydroxychloroquine or simvastatin alone.
Optimal Droop Coefficient Computation by Multi-Objective Optimization for Distributed Generators in DC Microgrids

Owing to their efficiency, reliability, and simplicity, DC microgrids (DCMGs) are becoming the emerging small scale power grids in modern power systems. Droop control is the most widely used primary control methodology in DCMGs. This paper introduces a multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach to compute the optimal droop coefficients for distributed generators (DGs) in DCMGs. In contrast to the existing method of computing droop coefficients, the proposed approach takes into consideration the system voltage regulation, enhanced current sharing among the DGs and total system loss minimization. The Elitist non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA II) is utilized to generate the Pareto optimal front of the constructed MOO problem. Then, a fuzzy membership function approach is introduced to extract the best compromise solution from the Pareto optimal set. The optimal droop coefficients generated by the proposed approach was tested with a parallel connected DC 9 bus system, IEEE 30 bus system and experimentally validated on a 5 bus test system.
DMFNet: Deep Multi-Modal Fusion Network for RGB-D Indoor Scene Segmentation

Indoor scene segmentation is a difficult task in computer vision. We propose an indoor scene segmentation framework, called DFMNet, incorporating RGB and complementary depth information to establish indoor scene segmentation. We use the squeeze-and-excitation residual network as encoder to simultaneously extract features from RGB and depth data and fuse them in the decoder. Multiple average pooling layers and transposed convolution layers are used to process the encoded outputs and fuse their outputs over several decoder layers. To optimize the network parameters, we use a pyramid supervision training scheme, which applies supervised learning over different layers in the decoder to prevent vanishing gradients. We evaluated the proposed DFMNet on the NYU Depth V2 dataset, which consists of 1449 cluttered indoor scenes, achieving competitive results compared to state-of-the-art methods.
The Impact of Turbo Frequency on the Energy, Performance, and Aging of Parallel Applications

Technologies that improve the performance of parallel applications by increasing the nominal operating frequency of processors respecting a given TDP (Thermal Design Power) have been widely used. However, they may impact on other non-functional requirements in different ways (e.g. increasing energy consumption or aging). Therefore, considering the huge number of configurations available, represented by the range of all possible combinations among different parallel applications, amount of threads, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) governors, boosting technologies and simultaneous multithreading (SMT), selecting the one that offers the best tradeoff for a non-functional requirement is extremely challenging for software designers. Given that, in this work we assess the impact of changing these configurations on the energy consumption, performance, and aging of parallel applications on a turbo-compliant processor. Results show that there is no single configuration that would provide the best solution for all nonfunctional requirements at once. For instance, we demonstrate that the configuration that offers the best performance is the same one that has the worst impact on aging, accelerating it by up to 1.75 times. With our experiments, we provide guidelines for the developer when it comes to tuning performance using turbo boosting to save as much energy as possible and increase the lifespan of the hardware components1.1This study was financed in part by the Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001
Comparative Performance Analysis of Copper and Aluminum Wound Fractional–Slot PMSMs for High–Speed Traction Application

This paper performs a comprehensive comparative analysis of copper and aluminum wound permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) for high– speed application. While general studies have been conducted in literature on copper and aluminum windings in terms of conductivity, losses and mass density, the impact of these winding materials on the overall machine performance has not been analyzed broadly. Thus, this paper considers a fractional– slot wound PMSM developed for high–speed traction application and analyzes the performance with copper and aluminum windings in terms of torque density, peak efficiency, operating speed range and variation of winding losses with temperature. Furthermore, in order to assess these machines traction capability, a drive–cycle based analysis is conducted for common drive cycles including urban, highway and worldwide lightweight test cycle (WLTC) for a commercially available Ford Focus vehicle. Performance characteristics in terms of torque–speed characteristics and maximum energy density efficiency were compared for both machines.
Kernel Vulnerability Analysis: A Survey

Kernel vulnerability may lead to information disclosure, privilege escalation, rootkit planting, etc. Nowadays mobile devices and other smart products has been increasingly available. Modern operation systems need to support new functions like GSM, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPS, Camera of the smart devices. As a result, the number and categories of vulnerabilities and attacks is dramatically increasing. Correspondingly, varieties of researches have gone into finding such vulnerabilities in kernel. The kernel vulnerability analysis methods are vastly diverse. This paper surveys the state of the art on kernel vulnerability analysis. We summarize, compare, evaluate existing methods and provide the features, strengths and weaknesses of each kind of approaches. Then we present the trend on kernel vulnerability analysis. First, analysis on the system call, file system and the driver code become increasingly important. Second, existing methods can only handle limited kinds of vulnerabilities, which is insufficient for kernels, which contains modules, drivers, core kernel etc. Third, the method for kernel vulnerability analysis will continuously focused on restricted parts of kernels or limited types of vulnerabilities for the kernel is implemented differently according to their platforms.
Recollections Expressed by Mechanically Ventilated Patients of Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM)

Ventilated patients who require intensive care unit (ICU) treatment may encounter unpleasant experiences. These experiences may include factual incidents and delusional memories of ICU such as dreams, hallucinations and frightening experiences. A cross sectional study using “Intensive Care Experience Questionnaire” consisted of four domains: awareness of surrounding, frightening experiences, recall of experience and satisfaction with nursing care. Forty five participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited in this study. This study was conducted in ICU of HUKM from January to March 2006. Results showed that 20 respondents (44%) were aware of their surrounding and 31 respondents (69%) reported frightening experiences. Majority of respondents (43 respondents, 96%) reported satisfaction with the delivery of nursing care. There was positive correlation between awareness of surrounding and their abilities to recall their experiences (p<0.05). Patients’ awareness of surrounding achieved the strongest statistical significance as a contribution to the prediction of their abilities to recall their experiences with beta coefficient value of 0.353 and p<0.05. The finding of this study permits nurses to see the problems of mechanically ventilated patients through reports of unpleasant recollections by the patients themselves. Patients reported frustrations in their attempts to make their needs known. Although they are on sedation, they are aware of all unpleasant events occurring in the ICU
Time Reversal Block Diagonalization for Spatial Multiplexing MIMO-UWB

In the traditional multi-user MIMO, the number of independent sub-channels is associated with the number of receive antennas and the transmit antennas. We propose a method based on time reversed and block diagonalization used for spatial multiplexing MIMO-UWB system. By involving time reversed technology, the joint optimization of pre-and post-coders will be simplified to the problem of optimize one of them (pre-or post-coders). With such an encoder, we can apply eigenvalue decomposition to the channel impulse response matrix, and make it be diagonal to eliminate MSI completely. Consider the optimization of the transmission power allocation associated with the diagonalization mentioned above. We also present a MIMO-UWB system to transmit independent multi-stream. Simulation results show that the MIMO-TR-BD method can improve the system (BER) performance.
Research on Torque Ripple of Multi-Phase PM Machine under Fault-Tolerant Condition

The influence factors of torque ripple under fault-tolerant condition are investigated from the aspects of magnetomotive force (MMF) harmonics and magnetic saturation for multi-phase PM machine. The armature MMF harmonic distributions under healthy and fault-tolerant conditions are obtained. Reconfiguration of the phase currents introduces some new harmonic components, which are featured as 5n and 5n±2 times. The introduced 12th armature MMF harmonic interacts with the 3rd rotor MMF harmonic, and this will cause 2nd and 4th torque harmonics. The torque ripple and torque harmonic distribution under different load conditions are further investigated to indicate the influence of magnetic saturation on torque ripple. Results show that magnetic saturation will increase the ratios of 2nd and 4th harmonics in torque, thus causing the increase of torque ripple.
ElectroMyography Acquisition System Using Graphene-based e-Textiles

The research outlined in this paper investigates the use of graphene-based electromyograph (EMG) fabric sensor as a comparable alternative to commercial Ag/AgCl wet electrodes. Our present work encompasses an EMG compression sleeve based on edge-oxidized graphene oxide (EOGO) coated PET fabric, without any post-application reduction processes. EMG measurements carried out on eight test subjects showed better signal to noise ratio (SNR) and amplitude (mV) ratios for the compression sleeve (22 dB), compared to standard Ag/AgCl electrodes (16.959 dB). A detailed method for sensor fabrication, EMG test measurements, and signal processing are discussed. Results from the study indicate the use of graphene-based smart fabrics as a viable alternative to non-reusable Ag/AgCl electrodes for high-quality EMG monitoring.
Decentralized Controller for a Grid Tied Cascade Multilevel Inverter

The article is about a decentralized controller for a Cascade Multilevel Inverter connected to the grid. The objective of this controller is to supply current to the grid and to balance the output voltage of each full bridge cell. The controller is composed of two stages, one to manage the output current and the other for balancing the output voltage of each Full Bridge cell. Besides, a bypass system is implemented in the controller in order to have the ability to insert or remove a full bridge during the operation. This control technique avoids that the disturbances in the current affect the voltage balancing of full bridges. The control technique is validated in three simulations, changing the output current reference, disturbing the input voltages and inserting/removing a Full Bridge cell. Finally, the article shows the comparison between theoretical part and the simulations.
A New Iterative Procedure for the Localization of a Moving Object/Person in Indoor Areas from Received RF Signals

This paper presents a new iterative estimation method to localize a single moving object or person in non-stationary 3-dimensional (3D) indoor environments from received radiofrequency (RF) signals. The moving object/person is modelled by a moving single point scatterer. The indoor space is equipped with a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. This work starts by introducing a new geometrical channel model which considers the effects of the line-of-sight (LOS) component, the fixed objects located in a room, and the moving object (point scatterer). Then, we present an iterative estimation technique for computing the time-variant (TV) coordinates of the moving scatterer. The proposed approach determines the optimal TV coordinates of the moving scatterer by matching the TV transfer function (TVTF) of the received RF signals to the TVTF of the non-stationary channel model. The proposed procedure relies on numerical optimization techniques to estimate the TV position of the moving scatterer by minimizing the Euclidean norm of the fitting error. A comparison of the estimated TV position of the moving scatterer with the corresponding exact quantities, known from generated RF signals, confirms the validity of the proposed approach.
Individual Tree Species Classification Using Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery And Lidar Data

In this study high spatial resolution (1 m) hyperspectral images and LiDAR data (8p/m2) was applied to discriminate among tree species of mixed forest. The main objective of this study was to apply machine learning methods using crown segments for image classification. A watershed segmentation algorithm was used to delineate individual crowns from a filtered CHM model. The image classification was applied on the original spectral bands and transformed (MNF) dataset. A binary tree SVM classifier was developed in accordance with the principle of SVM, based on the Jeffries-Matusita (JM) separability measure of selected classes. The ABTSVM on MNF-transformed dataset provided more accurate results than applied multiclass SVM methods. The addition of crown segments resulted in an increase in classification accuracy of 14.51 percentage points over pixel-based classification alone.