Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital OFDM transmitter based on multi-bit delta sigma modulator

An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmitter based on multi-bit delta sigma modulator with switch mode power amplifiers is presented. Multi-bit up-conversion mixer and power amplifiers are revealed. With a 3-bit delta sigma modulator, an IEEE 802.11a based transmitter is simulated. Results show that the error vector magnitude of this transmitter achieves -20.74dB for 64-QAM. With up to +10% gain imbalance for the most significant bit, the transmitter's accuracy degrades 1.5dB.
The heat shock response in yeast: differential regulations and contributions of the Msn2p/Msn4p and Hsf1p regulons

The heat shock transcription factor Hsf1p and the stress‐responsive transcription factors Msn2p and Msn4p are activated by heat shock in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Their respective contributions to heat shock protein induction have been analysed by comparison of mutants and wild‐type strains using [35S]‐methionine labelling and two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. Among 52 proteins induced by a shift from 25°C to 38°C, half of them were found to be dependent upon Msn2p and/or Msn4p (including mostly antioxidants and enzymes involved in carbon metabolism), while the other half (including mostly chaperones and associated proteins) were dependent upon Hsf1p. The two sets of proteins overlapped only slightly. Three proteins were induced independently of these transcription factors, suggesting the involvement of other transcription factor(s). The Ras/cAMP/PKA signalling pathway cAMP had a negative effect on the induction of the Msn2p/Msn4p regulon, but did not affect the Hsf1p regulon. Thus, the two types of transcription factor are regulated differently and control two sets of functionally distinct proteins, suggesting two different physiological roles in the heat shock cellular response.
Implementation and evaluation of the compiler for WASMII, a virtual hardware system

WASMII is a reconfigurable system with data driven control which executes programs written in dataflow graphs. In WASMII, a target dataflow graph is divided into some subgraphs and executed on a programmable device called MPLD which is an extended FPGA. By replacing the configuration data on the MPLD, large scale programs which exceed the limit of hardware resources can be efficiently executed. As a software environment of WASMII, a compiler which translates a program written by a user in a high-level language into a corresponding dataflow graph and its HDL description is required. In this paper we show the design and implementation of the compiler for WASMII which generates the VHDL description from an input program. Compilation and execution results of a test program on a reconfigurable testbed called FLEMING are also shown.
Pancreatic Autoantibodies and Autoantibodies Against Goblet Cells in Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Background: Significance of pancreatic autoantibodies determined by using exocrine pancreas (PAB) and antibodies against recombinant pancreas antigen (rPAB), as well as the importance of autoantibodies against goblet cells (GAB), is not known in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our aim was to determine the complex analysis of PAB, rPAB, GAB, antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and perinuclear components of neutrophils in pediatric patients with IBD. Moreover, association with NOD2/CARD15 and disease phenotype was determined. Methods: A total of 152 pediatric patients (median age 13.9 years) with IBD (103 patients with Crohn disease [CD] and 49 patients with ulcerative colitis [UC]) and 104 controls were included. Serum autoantibodies were determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay. NOD2/CARD15 variants were tested by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: The presence of PAB and rPAB was significantly higher in CD (34% and 35.9%) and in UC (20.4% and 24.5%) compared with pediatric control cohort (0% and 0%, P < 0.0001). In addition, GAB positivity was significantly increased in patients with UC in comparison with CD and controls, respectively (UC, 12.2%; CD, 1.9%; controls, 1.9%; P = 0.02). Specificity of PAB and rPAB was 100%; however, sensitivity was low. The combination of PAB and/or antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae/perinuclear components of neutrophils improved the sensitivity of serological markers in CD (87.4%) and in UC (79.6%); specificities were 89.3% and 93.2%, respectively. Pancreatic autoantibodies (PAB, rPAB) and GAB were not related to clinical presentation, medical therapy, or need for surgery in CD or in UC. Conclusions: Pancreatic autoantibodies and GAB were specific for IBD, but the sensitivity was limited as well because there was lack of correlation with clinical phenotype. Combinations of these antibodies have shown increased sensitivity; therefore, it may be recommended in the diagnostic procedure of IBD.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[[chlorido(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)copper(II)]-μ-chlorido]

The structure of a previously unknown form of dichlorido(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)copper(II) was obtained via a DMSO-mediated dehydration of Cu(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)copper(II)·0.25H2O. The crystal structure reveals chloride-bridged copper(II) chains connected via intermolecular C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.
Two-dimensional synthetic aperture images over a land surface scene

The Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) space mission is currently undergoing phase-B studies at the European Space Agency. The SMOS payload is an L-band interferometric radiometer based on a two-dimensional aperture synthesis concept. This paper presents the first images obtained by a demonstrator of the SMOS instrument over land surfaces at the Avignon test site in 1999.
Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic uptake of cholephilic organic compounds is mediated by members of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) family. We aimed to characterize the novel OATP-B with respect to tissue distribution and hepatocellular localization and to compare its substrate specificity with those of OATP-A, OATP-C, and OATP8. METHODS Tissue distribution and hepatocellular localization of OATP-B were analyzed by Northern blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. Transport of 16 substrates was measured for each individual human OATP in complementary RNA-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes. RESULTS Expression of OATP-B was most abundant in human liver, where it is localized at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes. OATP-B, OATP-C, and OATP8 mediated high-affinity uptake of bromosulphophthalein (K(m), approximately 0.7, 0.3, and 0.4 micromol/L, respectively). OATP-B also transported estrone-3-sulfate but not bile salts. Although OATP-A, OATP-C, and OATP8 exhibit broad overlapping substrate specificities, OATP8 was unique in transporting digoxin and exhibited especially high transport activities for the anionic cyclic peptides [D-penicillamine(2,5)]enkephalin (DPDPE; opioid-receptor agonist) and BQ-123 (endothelin-receptor antagonist). CONCLUSIONS OATP-B is the third bromosulphophthalein uptake system localized at the basolateral membrane of human hepatocytes. OATP-B, OATP-C, and OATP8 account for the major part of sodium-independent bile salt, organic anion, and drug clearance of human liver.
A method for determining residual injury in the hematopoietic system of the x-irradiated rat.

A method was introduced to document the progressive changes in the ability of rat skeletal marrow to respond to bleeding over a span of 60 weeks following a single sublethal whole-body x-ray dose. Rats were exposed to a 170-R (200-kVp x-ray) whole-body dose. At intervals of 3, 6, 7, 10, 25, 33, 40, and 60 weeks postirradiation, half of each of the x-irradiated and control groups was bled one-third or two-thirds of the calculated blood volume (cbv) each, and their overall skeletal marrow content of nucleated RBC was determined. The remainder of the x-irradiated and control animals were measured for total marrow content of nucleated RBC without bleeding. The increase in RBC precursors on bleeding in the x-irradiated animal was compared with that found in the control animal on bleeding. This ratio (x-irradiated RBC precursor increase ÷ control RBC precursor increase) constitutes the "erythroid response index" (ERI) and is expressed as a percentage. An ERI value of 100% is taken to mean a lack of residual inj.
Mapping Net Stocked Plantation Area for Small-Scale Forests in New Zealand Using Integrated RapidEye and LiDAR Sensors

In New Zealand, approximately 70% of plantation forests are large-scale (over 1000 ha) with accurate resource description. In contrast, the remaining 30% of plantation forests are small-scale (less than 1000 ha). It is forecasted that these small-scale forests will supply nearly 40% of the national wood production in the next decade. However, in-depth description of these forests, especially those under 100 ha, is very limited. This research evaluates the use of remote sensing datasets to map and estimate the net stocked plantation area for small-scale forests. We compared a factorial combination of two classification approaches (Nearest Neighbour (NN), Classification and Regression Tree (CART)) and two remote sensing datasets (RapidEye, RapidEye plus LiDAR) for their ability to accurately classify planted forest area. CART with a combination of RapidEye and LiDAR metrics outperformed the other three combinations producing the highest accuracy for mapping forest plantations (user’s accuracy = 90% and producer’s accuracy = 88%). This method was further examined by comparing the mapped plantations with manually digitised plantations based on aerial photography. The mapping approach overestimated the plantation area by 3%. It was also found that forest patches exceeding 10 ha achieved higher conformance with the digitised areas. Overall, the mapping approach in this research provided a proof of concept for deriving forest area and mapping boundaries using remote sensing data, and is especially relevant for small-scale forests where limited information is currently available.
Effects of melatonin on the proliferation and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) sensitivity of cultured human ovarian cancer cells.

OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative effect and telomerase activity of melatonin with or without cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) on CDDP-sensitive HTOA cells and CDDP-resistant OVCAR-3 cells of cultured human ovarian cancer. METHODS HTOA cells and OVCAR-3 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 at 37 degrees C with 5% CO(2) for 132 h. To examine the antiproliferative effect of melatonin, cells were cultured with or without melatonin (10(-12)-10(-6) M) and thereafter counted in a 96-well microplate using the alamarBlue assay. To examine the effect of melatonin and CDDP, cells were divided into group A (intermittent CDDP, 0.5 microg/ml), group B (intermittent CDDP + melatonin), and group C (sequential (12-h interval) CDDP/melatonin) and thereafter counted in a 96-well microplate using the alamarBlue assay. In different series, cells were cultured and treated with either ethanol, melatonin, CDDP, or CDDP + melatonin. After harvest, telomerase activity was semiquantified with a fluorescence-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol (F-TRAP). RESULTS (1) Melatonin produced no antiproliferative effect on both types of ovarian cancer cells. (2) Melatonin 10(-6) M induced the antiproliferative effect in groups B and C compared with group A in the HTOA cell line. (3) Melatonin 10(-9) M produced the antiproliferative effect in groups B and C compared with group A in the OVCAR-3 cell line. (4) Telomerase activity in the HTOA cell line did not change but, in the OVCAR-3 cell line, was significantly lower in the CDDP + melatonin group compared with the ethanol and CDDP groups. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin enhanced CDDP sensitivity in two ovarian cancer cell lines. Thus, melatonin may improve ovarian cancer chemotherapy.
Microbial Origin of Desert Varnish

Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analyses of desert varnish reveal that microorganisms concentrate ambient manganese that becomes greatly enhanced in brown to black varnish. Specific characteristics of desert varnish and of varnish bacteria support a microbial origin for manganese-rich films. Varnish microbes can be cultured and produce laboratory manganese films. Accordingly, natural desert varnish and also manganese-rich rock varnishes in nondesert environments appear to be a product of microbial activity.
Gribov no-pole condition, Zwanziger horizon function, Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion, boundary conditions, BRST breaking and all that

We aim to offer a kind of unifying view on two popular topics in the studies of nonperturbative aspects of Yang-Mills theories in the Landau gauge: the so-called Gribov-Zwanziger approach and the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion. Borrowing results from statistical thermodynamics, we show that imposing the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion as a boundary condition leads to a modified yet renormalizable partition function. We verify that the resulting partition function is equivalent with the one obtained by Gribov and Zwanziger, which restricts the domain of integration in the path integral within the first Gribov horizon. The construction of an action implementing a boundary condition allows one to discuss the symmetries of the system in the presence of the boundary. In particular, the conventional Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin symmetry is softly broken.
[The clinical studies on the olfactory test using standard odorous substances. The change of olfactory acuity due to ageing (author's transl)].

In this study, j3-phenyl ethyl alcohol, exaltlide, methyl cyclopentenolone, iso-valeric acid, rundecalactone, scatol, dl-camphor, phenol, diallyl sulfide and acetic acid were selected as standard odorous substances and 10-n solutions of these substances were used for this test.The olfactory sensitivity has been indicated by the index number of these solutions, but this method is not proctical for clinical use. A graph, which is called the olfactogram, was drawn to show the distribution of olfactory acuity for these odorous substances and this graph was eval uated for clinical use. The standard 0 level of olfactory acuity was set on the basis of the mean value of the olfactory detection threshold of normal humans who were around 20 years of age.The threshold of each case was obtained for the standard odorous substances and the olfactogram was drawn.The change of the olfactory acuity due ageing was studied by this method.The results were as follows;1) The olfactory acuity showed the highest level until 20 years of age. Over 20 years of age, the olfactory acuity decreased.2) Especially from 50 years of age, the olfactory acuity decreased rapidiy except for acetic acid and di-camphot.3) The differences of the olfactory acuity between the group of under 9 years and that of over 70 years of age were 1. 46 in the olfactory detection threshoid and 1. 14 in the recognitition threshold.4) The difference between the olfactory detection threshoid and the recognition threshoid was almost I except for acetic acid and dl-camphor.The olfactograms, like audiograms in the audiometry, made it easier to compare the olfactory acuity in clinical application. In the olfactory test, the age factor must be considered.
The great recession and health spending among uninsured U.S. immigrants: implications for the Affordable Care Act implementation.

OBJECTIVE We study the association between the timing of the Great Recession (GR) and health spending among uninsured adults distinguishing by citizenship/nativity status and time of U.S. residence. DATA SOURCE Uninsured U.S. citizens and noncitizens from the 2005-2006 and 2008-2009 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. STUDY DESIGN The probability of reporting any health spending and the natural logarithm of health spending are our main dependent variables. We compare health spending across population categories before/during the GR. Subsequently, we implement two-part regression analyses of total and specific health-spending measures. We predict average health spending before/during the GR with a smearing estimation. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The probability of reporting any spending diminished for recent immigrants compared to citizens during the GR. For those with any spending, recent immigrants reported higher spending during the GR (27 percent). Average reductions in total spending were driven by the decline in the share of the population reporting any spending among citizens and noncitizens. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings suggest that recent immigrants could be forgoing essential care, which later translates into higher spending. It portrays the vulnerability of a population that would remain exposed to income shocks, even after the Affordable Care Act (ACA) implementation.
A Dual-Cycle Architecture in Cognitive M2M Wireless Networks

Dual-cycle cognitive model (DCCM) is an effective means to develop the future large-scale cognitive wireless networks. In this paper, the DCCM is considered to construct cognitive wireless netwroks, in which the structure and implementation of service-oriented radio architecture (SORA) are expounded. Using SORA, a DCCM-based wireless resource management is considered in design and implementation of cognitive wireless networks. It shows that our proposed DCCM-based SORA is able to provide loosely coupled, reusable, and scalable implementations in machine-to-machine (M2M) heteogeneous wireless networking environment, while the intelligence of network can be improved.
Effects of melatonin and serotonin on the release of FSH and prolactin.

Melatonin as well as serotonin, when injected into the third ventricle of the brain of male rats, appeared to stimulate the release of prolactin and inhibit the release of FSH as judged by the changes in the concentrations of these hormones in the plasma of the recipient animals. (FSH and prolactin were determined by radioimmunoassay.) For example, 30 min after the injection into the third ventricle of doses of 1, 5 and 50 μg melatonin, the plasma prolactin concentrations were 199 ± 11.3 % (mean and SE), 235±16.1% and 304±12.7%, respectively, of the pre-injection levels. The corresponding FSH values were 88±3.7%, 85±3.7% and 74±2.6%. After 2 hr, the plasma prolactin concentration had returned to the pre-injection level; however, the plasma FSH concentration after 2 hr was only 50% of the pre-injection level. The effects of intraventricularly administered serotonin were similar to those seen with melatonin. Isotonic saline solution (2.5 μl) had no effect on the release of prolactin and FSH. When melatonin .
Analysis of chosen organic tobacco smoke components and their metabolites by planar chromatography

Planar chromatography was used for one of the final steps of multistage analysis of chosen organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic compounds, nicotine and their derivatives) occurring in tobacco smoke as well as their transformation products. These investigations present various development and detection modes, as well as the possibility of new stationary phase c30 application. The application of planar chromatography has enabled the identification and quantification of many organic pollutants dangerous for human health and the assessment of chosen people groups exposed to tobacco smoke living in the region of Upper Silesia in Poland.
Parent Satisfaction With the Electronic Medical Record in an Academic Pediatric Rheumatology Practice

Background Patient satisfaction has not been widely studied with respect to implementation of the electronic medical record (EMR). There are few reports of the impact of the EMR in pediatrics. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the impact of implementation of an electronic medical record system on families in an academic pediatric rheumatology practice. Methods Families were surveyed 1 month pre-EMR implementation and 3 months post-EMR implementation. Results Overall, EMR was well received by families. Compared with the paper chart, parents agreed the EMR improved the quality of doctor care (55% or 59/107 vs 26% or 26/99, P < .001). More parents indicated they would prefer their pediatric physicians to use an EMR (68% or 73/107 vs 51% or 50/99, P = .01). Conclusions Transitioning an academic pediatric rheumatology practice to an EMR can increase family satisfaction with the office visit.
Aqua[2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis(5-carboxy-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylato)-κ4 N 3,O 4:N 3′,O 4′](pyridine-κN)cobalt(II)–4,4′-bipyridine (1/1)

In the title compound, [Co(C13H10N4O8)(C5H5N)(H2O)]·C10H8N2, the asymmetric unit comprises half a CoII complex located on a mirror plane and half a cocrystallized molecule of 4,4′-bipyridine located on an inversion center. The CoII ion is six coordinate, with distorted octahedral geometry, ligated by two N atoms and two O atoms from a 2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis(5-carboxy-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylate) dianion, one N atom from a pyridine molecule and one coordinating water molecule. The Co—O bond lengths range from 2.076 (2) to 2.1441 (15) Å, while the Co—N bond lengths are 2.138 (3) and 2.1515 (17) Å. A two-dimensional network of N—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds stabilizes the crystal packing. There are π–π interactions between the bipyridine and imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.7694 (4) Å]. The propane-1,3-diyl group is disordered over two conformations, with refined occupancies of 0.755 (8) and 0.245 (8).
PubMedReco: A Real-Time Recommender System for PubMed Citations

We present a recommender system, PubMedReco, for real-time suggestions of medical articles from PubMed, a database of over 23 million medical citations. PubMedReco can recommend medical article citations while users are conversing in a synchronous communication environment such as a chat room. Normally, users would have to leave their chat interface to open a new web browser window, and formulate an appropriate search query to retrieve relevant results. PubMedReco automatically generates the search query and shows relevant citations within the same integrated user interface. PubMedReco analyzes relevant keywords associated with the conversation and uses them to search for relevant citations using the PubMed E-utilities programming interface. Our contributions include improvements to the user experience for searching PubMed from within health forums and chat rooms, and a machine learning model for identifying relevant keywords. We demonstrate the feasibility of PubMedReco using BMJ's Doc2Doc forum discussions.
台語關鍵詞辨識之實作與比較 (Implementation and Comparison of Keyword Spotting for Taiwanese) [In Chinese]

This paper focuses on improving in the performance of a Taiwanese keyword spotting system by integrating speech assessment and pitch contour classification. In the first part of this research, we use different methods to implement a Taiwanese keyword spotting system. In second part, we improve the system by validation using speech assessment and pitch contour classification. Two methods are adopted in the first part to implement the keyword spotting system: hidden Markov model and phone mismatching method. We then perform speech assessment and pitch contour classification to validate the candidate keywords selected by these two methods to refine the results. A threshold is used for a decision tree to make the final decision. Experimental results shows that the equal error rates (ERRs) reduce about 20% and 5% after being incorporated speech assessment validation. After being incorporated with pitch contour classification, ERRs further reduce about 1%. This concludes that the validation technique using speech assessment and pitch contour classification can improve the performance of Taiwanese keyword spotting. (cid:25988)(cid:25373)(cid:23046)(cid:28873)(cid:25988)(cid:25373)(cid:23046)(cid:24400)(cid:23296)(cid:739)(cid:26201)(cid:21879)(cid:11959)(cid:26964)(cid:9111)(cid:10451)(cid:14793)(cid:10035)(cid:739)(cid:12698)(cid:20248)(cid:18321)(cid:26123)