Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hyperspectral Image Denoising by using Hybrid Thresholding Spatio Spectral Total Variation

This paper introduces a hyperspectral denoising algorithm hinged on hybrid spatio-spectral total variation. The denoising issue have been hatched as a mixed noise diminution issue. A prevalent noise model has been pondered which reckon for not only Gaussian noise but also sparse noise. The inborn composition of hyperspectral images has been manipulated by using 2-D total variation along the spatial dimension and 1-D total variations along the spectral dimensions. The image denoising issues has been contrived as optimization hitch whose results has been acquired using the split-Bregman approach. The proposed method can minimize a remarkable amount of noise from real noisy hyperspectral images which is demonstrated by observational results. The proffer technique has been compared with prevailing avant-garde approaches. The outcomes reveal an excellence of the proposed method in the form of peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index and the visual quality. KeywordsHyperspectral Denoising, Hybrid Spatio-Spectral Total Variation (HSSTV), Optimization, Split-Bregman
Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of Bacillus methylotrophicus-SCS2012 isolated from soil.

The strain Bacillus methylotrophicus-SCS2012 (Bacillus sp. SCS2012) identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing was isolated from soil. Ethyl acetate extract of B. methylotrophicus-SCS2012 showed antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The crude metabolite extracted from B. methylotrophicus-SCS2012 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactae, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei and Shigella dysenteriae with the zone of inhibition range 28.33 to 32.16 mm at 100μg/disc. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract against Streptococcus agalactae, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei and Shigella dysenteriae was found to be 156, 156, 312, 312 and 625μg/ml respectively. The ethyl acetate extract also exhibited cytotoxic effects on brine shrimp lethality bioassay with LC50 value of 10.78 g/ml. Thus the ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus methylotrophicus-SCS2012 has broad spectrum activity with moderate cytotoxicity. JMBFS / Dev Sharma et al. 2013 : 2 (4) 2293-2307 2294
6-Homeless Youth in the United States : Recent Research Findings and Intervention Approaches

In this paper, the authors cite research indicating that youth may be the single age group most at risk of becoming homeless, yet comparatively little research has been done in the past decade on this vulnerable population. Some important progress has been made, including longitudinal studies on youth “aging out” of foster care. After reviewing the characteristics of homeless youth, the authors review recent research findings on the homeless youth population and interventions developed to address their housing and service needs. These include interventions directed at youth themselves (education, employment, social skills training) as well as family-focused strategies. The authors conclude with future directions for both research and practice.
functions with LSD 1 to regulate expression of canonical

Material Supplemental http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/suppl/2013/04/16/27.7. 749.DC1. html References http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/27/7/749.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 67 articles, 20 of which can be accessed free at: Open Access Freely available online through the Genes & Development Open Access option. service Email alerting click here top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the
Effect of Different Meltable Binders on the Disintegration and Dissolution Behavior of Zolmitriptan Oromucosal Fast Melt Tablets

Objective : Fast melt tablets and sublingual route have been widely used for providing quick onset of action with the avoidance of first pass metabolism. The objective of this work was to compare the effect of different meltable binders namely; polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, pluronic F127 and pluronic F68 on the performance of fast release tablets of the model drug zolmitriptan prepared using the melt granulation technique regarding disintegration time (DT) and dissolution rate (DR) as criteria for rapid absorption and hence quick onset of action. Zolmitriptan is a potent antimigraine drug. Current oral zolmitriptan tablets suffer from slow onset of action, poor bioavailability and large inter-subject variability. Methods : 3 3 factorial design was adopted. The effect of binder type, binder concentration and croscarmellose sodium (disintegrant) concentration were studied on DT and DR. Results : The three factors were found to significantly affect the DR and the inverse square root of DT and significant interactions were elucidated. Conclusion : Although satisfactory results were obtained regarding DR, modifications using different excipients and or preparation methods should be considered to comply with pharmacopoeia requirement for DT.
Design and implementation of an automatic pressure-control system for a mobile sprayer for greenhouse applications

This article presents the design and development of an embedded automatic pressure-control system for a mobile sprayer working in greenhouses. The pressure system is mounted on a commercial vehicle, it is composed of two on/off electrovalves and one proportional electrovalve. The hardware developed is based on an embedded microprocessor and provides a low-cost and robust solution. The resulting embedded system has been tested on a spraying system mounted on a manned vehicle. Furthermore, an easy-tuning non-linear PI (Proportional Integral) controller to achieve the desired pressure profile is designed and implemented in the embedded system. Many physical experiments show the best performance of such controller compared with a typical PI controller. Experiments covering the pressure range from 2 to 14 bar obtained a mean error less than 0.3 bar. Summing up, a low-cost automatic pressure-control system is developed, it ensures a uniform decomposition of the liquid sprayed on plants, and it works properly over a wide variable-pressure range.
Uncertainty Analysis for the mini-LHR collected in May 2013 at the NOAA

Presented here is a sensitivity analysis for the miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer (mini-LHR). This passive, ground-based instrument measures carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmospheric column and has been under development at NASA/GSFC since 2009. The goal of this development is to produce a low-cost, easily-deployable instrument that can extend current ground measurement networks in order to (1) validate column satellite observations, (2) provide coverage in regions of limited satellite observations, (3) target regions of interest such as thawing permafrost, and (4) support the continuity of a long-term climate record. In this paper an uncertainty analysis of the instrument performance is presented and compared with results from three sets of field measurements. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and corresponding uncertainty for a single scan are calculated to be 329.4±1.3 by deploying error propagation through the equation governing the SNR. Reported is an absorbance noise of 0.0024 for 6 averaged scans of field data, for an instrument precision of ~0.2 ppmv for CO2.
An Optimal Scheme for Minimizing Energy Consumption in WSN

Deployment, coverage and energy efficiency are the main goals set in wireless sensor network. The network constituted by the small sensor nodes having the three main tasks of sensing, data processing and forwarding with the aim to reach base station. The base station works as the sink for the data which is generated by the sensor nodes in case of wireless sensor networks. The sensor networks have the limited battery supply for the use in sensor nodes. Each node can transmit data in its communication range. The communication range can be affected with the change in battery utilization. In this paper, the main focus is shifted to deployment, coverage and energy aware operation methodology which in term help to increase the efficiency of the overall network. The network resulted in the higher performance parameters. Obtaining optimal results remain the objective of the work throughout the process of simulation undertaken. KeywordsWireless sensor network, Coverage, Energy aware, Hierarchical routing protocol
A Hybrid Neural Network for Sentence Classification

The sentence classification is the foundation of many Natural Language Processing applications. Prior neural network which use one type network for sentence classification can't use the abundant information in a sentence. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid neural network in combination with recurrent neural network and convolutional neural networks for sentence classification. The recurrent neural network can model long distance global information in a text, but it can’t effectively extract the local information and convolutional neural network inversely. The proposed hybrid neural network takes full advantage of the advantages of these two networks while extracting global feature and local feature at the same time. In order to get the global feature, we also proposed three different methods to make use of hidden states generated by recurrent neural network. We conducted experiments on four public open datasets. The results show that our hybrid neural network does better than models by using the recurrent neural network or the convolutional neural networks alone, higher and completive classification accuracy is obtained.
Title Measuring phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities with pyrogallol , L-DOPA , and ABTS : Effect of assay conditions and soil type Permalink

Microbial phenol oxidases and peroxidases mediate biogeochemical processes in soils, including microbial acquisition of carbon and nitrogen, lignin degradation, carbon mineralization and sequestration, and dissolved organic carbon export. Measuring oxidative enzyme activities in soils is more problematic than assaying hydrolytic enzyme activities because of the non-specific, free radical nature of the reactions and complex interactions between enzymes, assay substrates, and the soil matrix. We compared three substrates commonly used to assay phenol oxidase and peroxidase in soil: pyrogallol (PYGL, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene), L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), and ABTS (2,20-azino-bis(3ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). We measured substrate oxidation in three soils across a pH gradient from 3.0 to 10.0 to determine the pH optimum for each substrate. In addition, we compared activities across 17 soils using the three substrates. In general, activities on the substrates followed the trend PYGL > L-DOPA > ABTS and were inversely related to substrate redox potential. PYGL and ABTS were not suitable substrates at pH > 5, and ABTS oxidation often declined with addition of peroxide to the assay. Absolute and relative oxidation rates varied widely among substrates in relation to soil type and assay pH. We also tested whether autoclaved or combusted soils could be used as negative controls for the influence of abiotic factors (e.g., soil mineralogy) on oxidative activity. However, neither autoclaving nor combustion produced reliable negative controls because substrate oxidation still occurred; in some cases, these treatments enhanced substrate oxidation rates. For broad scale studies, we recommend that investigators use all three substrates to assess soil oxidation potentials. For focused studies, we recommend evaluating substrates before choosing a single option, and we recommend assays at both the soil pH and a reference pH (e.g., pH 5.0) to determine the effect of assay pH on oxidase activity. These recommendations should contribute to greater comparability of oxidase potential activities across studies. 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Surface plasmon polariton-mediated enhancement of the emission of dye molecules on metallic gratings

We present measurements of iso-frequency dispersion surfaces of light scattered from metallic micro-gratings with different periods. The dispersion surfaces, obtained using an infinity-corrected microscope objective, exhibit maxima attributed to diffracted orders as they become evanescent and pronounced minima due to the resonant excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). We have also measured the enhanced photoluminescence of a thin layer of dye molecules on top of the grating. This enhanced luminescence is attributed to the local field enhancement close to the surface due to the coupling of the excitation frequency to SPPs. Moreover, we obtain a directional emission of the luminescence, which is attributed to the grating-assisted coupling of SPPs excited by the dye to free space light. The technique used for the measurements presented in this paper can be extended to characterize the angular emission patterns of emitters coupled to micro- and nano-plasmonic structures.
aflpop: a computer program for simulated and real population allocation, based on AFLP data

aflpop is a population allocation and simulator program based on amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. The allocation method is an adaptation of Paetkau's method for co-dominant alleles. Besides population allocation of specimens of unknown origin, re-allocation of sample genotypes, as well as allocation of artificial (Monte Carlo) specimens, may be run to estimate expected rates of correct allocations. Thanks to its embodied simulator, aflpop can provide information on the rates and types of incorrect allocations and on empirical distributions of likelihood statistics. A filtering procedure within aflpop allows the selection of loci according to user-defined criteria.
The Protective Effect of Vitamin E Against Genotoxicity of Lead Acetate Intraperitoneal Administration in Male Rat

Lead is industrial pollutant that may have toxic effects on the male. The aim of this study was to further investigate the protective effects of vitamin E on lead acetate (Pb) induced reproductive toxicities and genotoxicity effects in male rat. Sexually mature male Wistar rats (weighing 120-160 g) were given Pb (20 mg/Kg) and vitamin E (600 mg/kg/rat) orally for 20 days. The sperm counts, sperm motility, sperm morphology, chromosomal aberrations, FSH, LH and testosterone levels, and histopathological changes in the testes of these rats, were investigated at the end of 20 days. Result revealed a statistically significant (p<0.01) increase in the number of abnormal sperm in treated animal. Lead acetate increased the percentage of chromosomal abnormalities. Significant decrease in LH, FSH, and testosterone were observed in treated group compare with the control. Pathological examination of testicular tissues showed degenerative changes of spermatogonia and spermatocytes to advanced degeneration and vacuolation. The observation, dealing that lead acetate can be considered as an environmental genotoxic and cytotoxic effect in male rat and may contribute in reduction of fertility. We recommended that it must be administered of vitamin E as a protective agent to reduce the genotoxic effect of lead in the somatic and germ cells.
Seidel On Stochastic Methods for Surface Reconstruction

In this article, we present and discuss three statistical methods for Surface Reconstruction. A typical input to a Surface Reconstruction technique consists of a large set of points that has been sampled from a smooth surface and contains uncertain data in the form of noise and outliers. We first present a method that filters out uncertain and redundant information yielding a more accurate and economical surface representation. Then we present two methods, each of which converts the input point data to a standard shape representation; the first produces an implicit representation while the second yields a triangle mesh.
Immobilization of P22 Bacteriophage Tailspike Protein on Si Surface for Optimized Salmonella Capture

Bacteriophage based technology has gained interest in developing pathogen detection platforms for biosensing applications. In this study, P22 phage tail spike proteins (TSPs) have been immobilized on Si surfaces for optimized capture of host Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium. It was then demonstrated that roughening of the Si surface before the TSP immobilization improves the bacterial capture 2-fold compared to a flat Si surface. Coarse, medium, fine and superfine size ridges were patterned on the Si surface using block copolymer layer and plasma etching and each surface was functionalized by TSPs for bacterial capture. The capture density increased with decreasing size of the ridge until it reached an optimum for fine ridges; the capture density decreased when the surface ridges were superfine and deep. This method shows a 22-fold and 3-fold increase in bacterial capture density compared to a Cys- and a His6-tag based oriented TSP immobilization, respectively. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a surface protective layer to prevent non-specific binding of bacteria and E. coli cells were used as control to demonstrate the specificity of recognition. Negligible binding was observed for control bacteria in presence of TSPs and the host bacteria in the absence of TSP on the surfaces.
Changes in lichen diversity and community structure with fur seal population increase on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands

Abstract Signy Island has experienced a dramatic increase in fur seal numbers over recent decades, which has led to the devastation of lowland terrestrial vegetation, with the eradication of moss turfs and carpets being the most prominent feature. Here we demonstrate that fur seals also affect the other major component of this region’s typical cryptogamic vegetation, the lichens, although with a lower decrease in variability and abundance than for bryophytes. Classification (UPGMA) and ordination (Principal Coordinate Analysis) of vegetation data highlight differences in composition and abundance of lichen communities between areas invaded by fur seals and contiguous areas protected from these animals. Multivariate analysis relating lichen communities to environmental parameters, including animal abundance and soil chemistry (Canonical Correspondence Analysis), suggests that fur seal trampling results in the destruction of muscicolous-terricolous lichens, including several cosmopolitan and bipolar fruticose species. In addition, animal excretion favours an increase in nitrophilous crustose species, a group which typically characterizes areas influenced by seabirds and includes several Antarctic endemics. The potential effect of such animal-driven changes in vegetation on the fragile terrestrial ecosystem (e.g. through modification of the ground surface temperature) confirms the importance of indirect environmental processes in Antarctica.
Cortisol, β-endorphin and oxidative stress markers in healthy medical students in response to examination stress

Background: The psychosomatic connection pertaining to the relationship between perceived stress and the milieu interieur that must be evident during a naturalistic stressor event is not well explored. Objective: This study therefore examines the interrelationship between perceived stress scores, endocrine levels and oxidant-antioxidant activities under the duress of examination stress, an appropriate example of a naturalistic stressor. Materials and Methods: Apparently healthy year one medical students participated. Results: Examination stress induced significant increases in perceived stress scores (p<0.001), serum cortisol (p<0.05) and plasma β-endorphin (p<0.05) levels, and erythrocyte lipid peroxidation (p<0.001), but a significant (p<0.001) decrease in the antioxidant superoxide dismutase activity. In addition, during the examination, the perceived stress scores were found to be correlated positively with lipid peroxidation (r2=0.23; p<0.01) but negatively with β-endorphin (r2=0.14; p<0.05). After the examination, the perceived stress scores correlated positively only with cortisol (r2=0.09; p<0.05). Conclusion: Sitting for an examination increases cortisol secretion, as well as, β-endorphin levels and induces oxidative stress. The high levels of β- endorphin appear to have an ameliorating effect on cortisol and the perception of stress. This finding awaits further investigation.
NSECT POLLINATION IMPROVES YIELD OF S HEA ( V ITELLARIA PARADOXA SUBSP . PARADOXA ) IN THE AGROFORESTRY PARKLANDS OF W

Pollinator decline, driven primarily by habitat degradation, has the potential to reduce the quantity and quality of pollinator-dependent crops produced across the world. Vitellaria paradoxa, a socio-economically important tree which grows across the sub-Saharan drylands of Africa, produces seeds from which shea butter is extracted. However, the habitats in which this tree grows are threatened with degradation, potentially impacting its ability to attract sufficient pollinators and to produce seeds. The flowers of V. paradoxa are insect-pollinated, and we investigated flower visitors in six sites in southern Burkina Faso and northern Ghana and tested whether plants were capable of fruit set in the absence of pollinators. We found that the majority of flower visitors (88%) were bees, most frequently small social stingless bees (Hypotrigona gribodoi), but native honey bees (Apis mellifera adansonii) were also common visitors to flowers early in the morning. The number of fruit produced per inflorescence was significantly lower when insects were excluded during flowering by bagging, but any fruits and seeds that were produced in bagged treatments were of similar weight to un-bagged ones. We conclude that conservation of habitat to protect social bees is important to maintain pollination services to V. paradoxa and other fruit-bearing trees and cultivated crops on which local livelihoods depend.
Apps, Trackers, Privacy, and Regulators: A Global Study of the Mobile Tracking Ecosystem

—Third-party services form an integral part of the mobile ecosystem: they ease application development and enable features such as analytics, social network integration, and app monetization through ads. However, aided by the general opacity of mobile systems, such services are also largely invisible to users. This has negative consequences for user privacy as third-party services can potentially track users without their consent, even across multiple applications. Using real-world mobile trafﬁc data gathered by the Lumen Privacy Monitor (Lumen), a privacy-enhancing app with the ability to analyze network trafﬁc on mobile devices in user space, we present insights into the mobile advertising and tracking ecosystem and its stakeholders. In this study, we develop automated methods to detect third-party advertising and tracking services at the trafﬁc level. Using this technique we identify 2,121 such services, of which 233 were previously unknown to other popular advertising and tracking blacklists. We then uncover the business relationships between the providers of these services and characterize them by their prevalence in the mobile and Web ecosystem. Our analysis of the privacy policies of the largest advertising and tracking service providers shows that sharing harvested data with subsidiaries and third-party afﬁliates is the norm. Finally, we seek to identify the services likely to be most impacted by privacy regulations such as the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and ePrivacy directives.