Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mechanism of human monocyte activation by staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1)

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a multisystem disease associated with staphylococcal TSS toxin—i (TSST-1). TSST—i and the related staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) A, B, C, D, and E have a number of biological effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), including T lymphocyte mitogenicity and induction of IL—i and TNF from human monocytes. The aim of this thesis is to examine the molecular mechanisms of human monocyte activation by TSST—1 and SE. To gain insight into the mechanism of TSST—i and SEA activation of PBMC, receptor binding assays were performed with 1I—labeled toxins. Scatchard analyses revealed similar numbers of receptors and dissociation constants for TSST—l and SEA on human PBMC and on purified monocytes. SEA, but not SEB, SEC, SED or SEE significantly inhibited binding of ‘I—TSST—i to PBMC. Crosscompetition between TSsT-i and SEA in binding assays suggested that they may be binding to overlapping epitopes on the same receptor. Affinity cross-linking of I—labeled TSST—1 and SEA to human blood monocytes showed the presence of 2 membrane subunits consistent with the 35 kd alpha and 28 kd beta chains of human HLA—DR. The anti—HLA-DR mb, L243, inhibited radiolabeled TSST—l and SEA binding to human monocytes and neutralized monocyte—dependent T cell mitogenicity of both toxins, adding further support that HLA—DR is the major receptor. Based on these studies and those of others who demonstrated overlapping receptor epitopes for SEA and SEB (Fraser, Nature 339:221—223, 1989) and distinct epitopes for TSST—1 and SEB (Scholl et al., J. Immunol 143:2583—2588, 1989), we postulate that SEA occupies a binding site within HLA-DR that partially overlaps with both TSST-l and SEB. The role of protein phosphorylation in the activation of normal human monocytes by TSST-l and SE was examined by two—dimensional gel electrophoresis. Examination of32 P—orthophosphate—labeled monocytes showed that within 5 mm, TSST—i consistently stimulated the dephosphorylation of several phosphoprotemns in a dose—dependent manner. In contrast, neither SEA nor SEB induced this dephosphorylation pattern, but instead, increased the phosphorylation of a
Performance Analysis of Cell-Free Massive MIMO System With Limited Fronthaul Capacity and Hardware Impairments

We study uplink of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output system with limited capacity fronthaul link connecting each access point (AP) to a central processing unit (CPU), under hardware impairments at user equipments and APs. Achievable rates are derived for three transmission strategies at APs, named as compress-forward-estimate (CFE), estimate-compress-forward (ECF), and estimate-multiply-compress-forward (EMCF), to efficiently share the fronthaul capacity for sending channel state information (CSI) and/or data signals of the users to the CPU. For forwarding the compressed version of the signals, low-complexity fronthaul rate allocations are proposed for ECF and EMCF strategies, which considerably improve the performance especially for limited capacity fronthauls. Besides, for CFE and ECF strategies, two power allocations are presented to maximize the sum rates; One approximate solution based on geometric programming and an alternative general iterative algorithm. It is shown that performances of the strategies are not the same, because they require different fronthaul rate allocations for CSI and/or data signals transmission to CPU, and their AP signal processing capabilities are different. Finally, to highlight performance characteristics of the proposed system under different transmission strategies and circumstances such as pilot reuse and multiple-antenna APs scenarios, numerical results are presented and the three strategies are compared.
An error bound for the standard deviation in model order reduction of linear stochastic Galerkin systems

We apply the stochastic Galerkin method to a linear dynamical system including random parameters. The balanced truncation technique yields a model order reduction of the stochastic Galerkin system. We prove an error bound for a quadratic‐type output: the standard deviation of a quantity of interest. Numerical results are demonstrated for a test example.
Analysis of Different Turbulence Models in Simulation of Hypersonic Flow in the Wind Tunnel

In the current paper, we investigated the hypersonic flow in the wind tunnel at the Mach number 8. For this purpose, the effects and performance of three different turbulence models SST/k-ω, RNG/k-e and Realizable/k-e on flow simulation are evaluated. Mesh sensitivity analysis is conducted and our results are validated against the existing experimental data with good accordance. To better phenomenological study on the hypersonic flow behavior, distributions of static pressure, total pressure, Mach number and streamlines at nozzle, diffuser and test chamber are investigated. We found that the SST/k- ω turbulence model is more efficient and accurate compared to two other turbulence models in simulation of hypersonic flow in the wind tunnel at high Mach numbers.
Perfect simulation of conditionally specified models

We discuss how the ideas of producing perfect simulations based on coupling from the past for finite state space models naturally extend to multivariate distributions with infinite or uncountable state spaces such as autogamma, auto-Poisson and autonegative binomial models, using Gibbs sampling in combination with sandwiching methods originally introduced for perfect simulation of point processes.
Fast bundle adjustment using adaptive moment estimation

Bundle adjustment (BA) is an important task for feature matching in multiple applications such as image stitching and position mapping. It aims to reconstruct the 8-parameter homography matrix, which is used for perspective transformation among different images. The existing algorithms such as the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm and the Gauss{Newton (GN) algorithm require much computation and a large number of iterations. To accelerate reconstruction speed, here we propose a novel BA algorithm based on adaptive moment estimation (Adam). The Adam solver uses the mean and uncentered variance of the gradients in the previous iterations to dynamically adjust the gradient direction of the current iteration, which improves reconstruction quality and increases convergence speed. Besides, it requires only the first derivate calculation, and thus obtains low computational complexity. Both simulations and experiments validate that the proposed method converges faster than the conventional BA methods.
On the relaxation of continuity conditions for finite element schemes based on a least‐squares approach

The proposed contribution is based on the idea of the relaxation of continuity conditions and an enforcement of these continuity constraints for the considered fields via Lagrange multipliers. Therefore, a stress‐displacement least‐squares formulation ℱ ( σ , u ) is considered, which is defined by the squared L 2 ( ℬ ) ‐norm applied to the first‐order system of differential equations, given by the balance of momentum and the constitutive equation, compare for the case of linear elasticity e.g. [1], as well as an additional (mathematically redundant) residual for enforcement of the stress symmetry condition. In general the assumptions for the continuity conditions are related to the conforming discretization of the individual fields. The conforming discretization, which demands continuity of the displacements and normal continuity of the stresses, is given by polynomial functions of Lagrange type for the displacements, i.e. u h ∈ P k , and a stress approximation with Raviart‐Thomas functions, i.e. σ h ∈ R T m . A non‐conforming discretization of the stresses considering discontinuous Raviart‐Thomas approximation functions with σ h ∈ ⅆ R T m yield to a relaxation of the continuity conditions. However the fulfillment of these relaxed constraints is enforced by the introduction of Lagrange multiplier within the underlying least‐squares formulation.
Two-layer Neighbor Selection Scheme Based on Kendall Correlation Coefficient and Standard Deviation

Collaborative filtering is the basis of the recommendation system. Collaborative filtering generally finds users (neighbors) with the same interests as the target users among a large number of users. How to determine whether the users have the same interests as the target users and how to form the neighbors of the target users. Sorting directories has become a major issue. However, there are some shortcomings in the existing neighbor selection scheme. For example, when calculating the deviation of two users from the same group of items ratings, the existing two-layer neighbor selection scheme only considers the sum of the individual items rating differences. It is unfair to users who are not much different from the target users. We propose a trustworthiness calculation scheme based on Kendall correlation coefficient and standard deviation. Specifically, when the sum of the difference between the two neighbors and the target user is the same, the trustworthiness of the user with high Kendall correlation coefficient and small standard deviation is higher.
Pairwise model discrimination with applications in lifetime distributions and degradation processes

Reliability data obtained from life tests and degradation tests have been extensively used for purposes such as estimating product reliability and predicting warranty costs. When there is more than one candidate model, an important task is to discriminate between the models. In the literature, the model discrimination was often treated as a hypothesis test and a pairwise model discrimination procedure was carried out. Because the null distribution of the test statistic is unavailable in most cases, the large sample approximation and the bootstrap were frequently used to find the acceptance region of the test. Although these two methods are asymptotically accurate, their performance in terms of size and power is not satisfactory in small sample size. To enhance the small‐sample performance, we propose a new method to approximate the null distribution, which builds on the idea of generalized pivots. Conventionally, the generalized pivots were often used for interval estimation of a certain parameter or function of parameters in presence of nuisance parameters. In this study, we further extend the idea of generalized pivots to find the acceptance region of the model discrimination test. Through extensive simulations, we show that the proposed method performs better than the existing methods in discriminating between two lifetime distributions or two degradation models over a wide range of sample sizes. Two real examples are used to illustrate the proposed methods.
The Study for Two-dimensional PtX2 (X=S Se Te) Which Have Geometrical Structures Fully Composed of Pentagons.

In this paper, we mainly use the first-principles method based on density functional theory to study the structure and electronic properties of three new two-dimensional materials consisting of five-membered rings, PtS 2 , PtSe 2 and PtTe 2 . Based on the structure of the pentagon tile of Cairo, the substitution of Pt, S and Pt, Se and Pt, Te between the atoms in the unequal position of the minimum repeating unit will result in different structures, and then different structures will be obtained. The obtained structure is optimized, and the phonon spectrum is calculated. Finally, the three phonon spectrum stable structures of penta-PtS 2 , penta-PtSe 2 and penta-PtTe 2 are obtained. Then we proved the stability of these three structures from the aspects of dynamics and thermodynamics. Then their electronic properties were studied. From the calculated energy band diagram, we found that these three structures are indirect band gap semiconductors.
Generalized PEEC Model for Conductor–Dielectric Problems With Radiation Effect

In this article, a passive full-wave partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) model is formulated for modeling electromagnetic (EM) problems with finite dielectrics. The proposed PEEC model is a substantial extension of the generalized PEEC model for problems of multiple conductors in free space. The proposed generalized PEEC model reflects the physical radiation mechanism of an EM problem with finite dielectrics. The radiation effects, both from conductors and dielectrics, are incorporated in real-valued frequency-dependent inductances and resistances, while capacitances remain to be frequency invariant. Consequently, the resultant circuit model of the proposed PEEC model is numerically verified to be more passive than the existing PEEC models. The minor passivity violation can be amended without altering the circuit configuration. To model a dielectric with the irregular-shaped surface, a triangular meshing scheme with Rao–Wilton–Glisson (RWG) basis is used. The generalized PEEC model provides a passive circuit model for both the frequency- and time-domain modeling of an EM problem with finite dielectrics. The passivity and accuracy of the generalized PEEC model are validated by an low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) multilayer filter module, two dielectric resonator antennas, and a patch antenna.
Estimation of the atmospheric greenhouse gas spatial distribution in the Arctic using a back trajectory model

We present a method and results of the retrieval of average effective fields of atmospheric impurity concentration using a passive wind sensing (remote sensing) numeric technology referred to as Fluid Location of the Atmosphere (FLA). The quasi‐two‐dimensional problem of reconstruction of the spatial distribution of the greenhouse gases assuming the diffusion Peclet number infinitely large was solved numerically. The study is based on in‐situ measurements of the atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide during the expeditions to Belyy Island in the Kara Sea in July and August of 2016 to 2017. The differences and common features of CH4 and CO2 spatial distribution in this region of the Arctic during specified periods were analyzed. CH4 concentrations tended to decrease with moving from the continent to the remote sea areas. For CO2 on the contrary, lower values were observed over the continent, and they increased with a distance from the coastline. For both greenhouse gases, average atmospheric concentrations increased in 2017 relative to 2016.
Análise de viabilidade de ferramenta para correção híbrida de sequências genômicas em ambiente de memória compartilhada com FPGA

A análise do genoma compreende pesquisas com amplo escopo, com foco em doenças e em tratamento das mesmas. Em apoio a tais atividades, pesquisadores valem-se de ferramentas computacionais para montagens de genomas. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise de viabilidade de uma ferramenta para correção hı́brida de sequências genômicas, etapa esta necessária para a montagem do genoma. É proposta uma arquitetura para ambientes heterogêneos, com implementação feita em CPU e uma placa FPGA. Os resultados obtidos no levantamento dos dados teóricos e práticos apontam que a implementação com o acelerador em hardware possui ganhos de desempenho de até cerca de 19 vezes em relação à versão sequencial, podendo aumentar a depender da tecnologia de comunicação utilizada.
On the convergence of inertial two-subgradient extragradient method for variational inequality problems

ABSTRACT In 2012, Censor et al. proposed the so-called two-subgradient extragradient method (TSEGM) in which both projections have an explicit-formula because the projections are just executed onto half-spaces. However, the convergence of the TSEGM was posted as an open question. In this paper, we answer this open question affirmatively for the case where the closed convex set can be represented as the lower level set of a continuously differentiable convex function. Censor's open question is thus partially answered. More precisely, we combine the inertial technique with the TSEGM and establish the weak convergence of the proposed method under mild conditions.
An Approximate Solutions of two Dimension Linear Mixed Volterra- Fredholm Integral Equation of the Second Kind via Iterative Kernel Method

Abstract: In this work, we reformulate and apply iterative kernel method (IKM) for solving two dimension mixed Volterra-Fredholm integral equation of the second kind (MVFIE-2). The suitable algorithm for IKM is suggested and the programming for of the algorithm of the technique is written by Matlab programs. The computer application for the algorithm is tested on a number numerical examples. The results which are obtained by this technique compared with exact solution and some new theorems are proved; for decision the results computing the least square error (LSE) of the IKM and running time (RT) for the program.
Context-based ensemble classification for the detection of architectural distortion in a digitised mammogram

The problem of computer-aided detection of architectural distortion (AD) in a digitised mammogram has been attempted in this manuscript. In examining a mammogram, the decision regarding a particular region of interest (RoI) is dependent on the appearance of the surrounding regions. However, in existing methods to detect AD the inference about an RoI is dependent on the appearance of this RoI alone. In addition, multiple radiologists infer the same mammogram in coming to a final decision about the mammogram. Contrary to popular ensemble classifiers like Adaboost and Random Forest, the authors propose an ensemble based method (imitating multiple radiologists by classifiers) for detecting AD such that the decision on a test RoI is dependent on the decisions of the surrounding RoIs in the proposed ensemble classifier. The proposed context-based ensemble classifier has been validated on two mammographic databases. The proposal shows promising results in both the databases.
Analysis and Design of a Passively Damping LCL Filter in Three-Phase Converters

— This article discusses the mitigation of high-frequency harmonics through high voltage converters. First we present a generalized model of the passively cushioned LCL filter and then, the optimization process is implemented, which results in the low consumption of active and reactive energy of the capacitor resistance branch. The output characteristics of the passively amortized LCL filter are determined by three parameters of different combinations with the same output result: total L induction, the damping ratio and natural frequency. In a second time we present the design of a control line of the LCL filter on the referential theory giving rise to a simpler way the calculation of different characteristics or combinations such as peak resonance, impedance as well as certain elements that consume reactive and active energy from the RC branch of our LCL filter. The simulations were performed in the Matlab/Simulink environment. The results show a significant improvement in the harmonic attenuation rate.
Multi-Parameter Optical Fiber Sensing of Gaseous Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide

Ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are important breath biomarkers for diagnosis of renal and respiratory diseases. Simultaneous sensing of the two gases is useful for assessment of Helicobacter Pylori infection. This article introduces a multi-parameter optical fibre sensor by coating two different dyes, i.e., thymol blue and tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid hydrate (TPPS) into one optical fibre sensing system for multi-sensing of the two gases. The dyes are separately coated on distal ends of a 2 × 2 optical fibre coupler using the sol-gel technique. The reflection spectrum contains distinctive absorption peaks of the two dyes in the wavelength domain and hence can be analysed using a single spectrometer. The absorbance at a wavelength of 608 nm corresponding to the absorption peak of the thymol blue exhibits an exponential decrease as the CO2 concentration increases from 0 ppm to 60 000 ppm. The absorption bands at approximately 490 nm and 711 nm corresponding to the Soret band and Q-band of TPPS, respectively, show changes both in absorbance and central wavelengths in response to NH3 concentration in the range from 0 ppm to 80 ppm. The limit of detection and response time for CO2 and NH3 are 637 ppm and 0.15 ppm, 86 s and 83 s, respectively. The proposed sensor demonstrates the capability of sensing NH3 and CO2 simultaneously in a complex gas atmosphere containing other chemicals such as methanol and acetone, which are representative of industrial or metabolic compounds that may confound measurements.
Absolutely Continuous Invariant Measures for Piecewise Convex Maps of Interval with Infinite Number of Branches

The main result of this Master's thesis is the generalization of the existence of absolutely continuous invariant measure for piecewise convex maps of an interval from a case with the finite number of branches to one with infinitely many branches. We give a similar result for piecewise concave maps as well. We also provide examples of piecewise convex maps with a finite and infinite number of branches without ACIM.
Input Allocation for the Propeller-Based Overactuated Platform ROSPO

We apply input allocation to a redundantly actuated platform driven by tilting aerodynamic propulsion units: the ROtor graSPing Omnidirectional (ROSPO). This platform represents a novel testbed for redundancy allocation designs in propeller-driven platforms. The control solution is based on a hierarchical architecture, made of a high-level controller for trajectory tracking, and a nonlinear input allocation algorithm. The algorithm exploits the input redundancy to take into account soft constraints associated with physical saturation limits of the actuators, and also induce reduced energy consumption. The actuator dynamics is fully taken into account in the framework and a rigorous proof of asymptotic tracking of time-varying references is guaranteed despite the impossibility of an instantaneous force execution. The experiments on the ROSPO platform clearly show the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach, as well as its scalability with different degrees of overactuation levels.
Differential stability of convex optimization problems under weaker conditions

ABSTRACT Differential stability properties of convex optimization problems in Hausdorff locally convex topological vector spaces are considered in this paper. We obtain new formulas for the subdifferential and the singular subdifferential of the optimal value function of convex optimization problems. Namely, instead of using the traditional Moreau–Rockafellar Theorem, we employ a sum rule for subdifferentials of two convex functions from the work of Correa, Hantoute, and López [Weaker conditions for subdifferential calculus of convex functions. J Funct Anal. 2016;271:1177–1212]. Detailed comparisons with some known results are also given in this paper.