Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Platform for Teachers and Parents to Track Children’s Behavior during Online Classes using Artificial Intelligence

Online schooling has become more and more popular during recent years due to COVID-19 [1][15]. It allows teaching to continue without in-person contacts. A prominent issue with online schooling is teachers are unable to oversee students’ behavior during class as they would in-person. It has been known that many students tend to lose attention. This can make online schooling less effective, causing it to yield worse results than in-person schooling [2]. In order to tackle this issue,this paper outlines a tool that has been developed to monitor children’s mouse and keyboard movements during online classes and analyze the data with artificial intelligence to ensure students are focused in class [3]. For example, if the students are typing and clicking their mouse frequently, then there is a higher possibility the student is not focused because frequent keyboard and mouse movements might indicate they are chatting with friends or playing games; on the other hand, if they are attentive in class, there would be less keyboard and mouse movements, as they should be taking notes.
Indentification and Determination of Toxin Genes of Vibrio Strains Caused Hemorrhagic Disease on Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) by PCR Method.

In this study, we isolated thirty strains of Vibrio from three different organs (brain, hemorrhagic site and digestive system) of Sciaenops ocellatus disease. The results showed that nucleotide sequences 16S rRNA region are highly, similar to those of V. alginolyticus , V. azureus , V. fluvialis and V. orientalis is published on Genebank, ranging from 98.05 to 100 %. The digestive system has the most common Vibrio strains ( V. alginolyticus , V. azureu s and V. fluvialis ). Thereout, We found 25/30 strains of Vibrio containing from 1 to 3 toxin genes. None of V. parahaemolyticus present. Six parameters were used to measure the DNA polymorphism of thirty-three homologous DNA sequences in this Vibrio bacteria population. The results indicated that, number of separate polymorphic sites (S), total number of mutant sites (Eta), number of haplotype (h), haplotype diversity (Hd), average number of nucleotide differences (k), nucleotide diversity (Pi) were 98 (S) 103 (Eta), 9 (h), 0.887±0.032 (Hd), 25.789 (k) and 17.980x10-3±0.003 (Pi), respectively (P < 0,05). The G+C content above 1434 sites positions of nucleotide sequences accounts for 0.542. The phylogenetic tree showed that these strains are divided into six groups. As observed, the appearance of isolated Vibrio on 3 organs of fish ( S. ocellatus ) hemorrhagic are V. azureus (27,67 %), V. alginolyticus (50 %), V. orientalis (6,67 %) and V. fluvialis (16,67 %). Through this result, we found that the diversity of Vibrio species that appeared on the red drum was used in the 16S rRNA region and the presence of toxin genes in these Vibrio species.
Exercise and adiposity in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomised trials

Objectives Determine both the effects and hierarchy of effectiveness for exercise interventions (aerobic, strength training or both) on selected measures of adiposity (body mass index (BMI) in kg/m2, fat mass and per cent body fat) in overweight and obese children and adolescents. Design Network meta-analysis of randomised exercise intervention trials. Setting Any setting where a randomised trial could be conducted. Participants Overweight and obese male and/or female children and adolescents 2–18 years of age. Interventions Randomised exercise intervention trials>4 weeks, published between 1 January 1973 and 22 August 2018, and which included direct and/or indirect evidence for aerobic, strength training or combined aerobic and strength training. Primary outcomes Changes in BMI in kg/m2, fat mass and per cent body fat. Results Fifty-seven studies representing 127 groups (73 exercise, 54 control) and 2792 participants (1667 exercise, 1125 control) met the criteria for inclusion. Length of training ( X - ± SD) averaged 14.1±6.2 weeks, frequency, 3.3±1.1 days per week and duration 42.0±21.0 min per session. Significant and clinically important reductions in BMI, fat mass and per cent body fat were observed in aerobic versus control comparisons (BMI, mean, 95% CI -1.0, 1.4 to −0.6; fat mass -2.1, –3.3 to −1.0 kg; per cent fat -1.5, –2.2 to −0.9%) and combined aerobic and strength versus control comparisons (BMI -0.7, –1.4 to −0.1; fat mass -2.5, –4.1 to −1.0 kg; per cent fat, -2.2, –3.2 to −1.2%). A significant reduction in per cent fat was also found for strength vs control comparisons (-1.3,–2.5 to −0.1%). Combined aerobic and strength training was ranked first for improving both fat mass (kg) and per cent body fat while aerobic exercise was ranked first for improving BMI. Conclusions Aerobic and combined aerobic and strength training are associated with improvements in adiposity outcomes in overweight and obese children and adolescents. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017073103.
Evaluating Situation Awareness Oriented Design Principles as a Design Tool

In critical scenarios such as power plant management or air traffic control, human errors can have critical consequences. It is therefore a key concern that operators have a clear understanding of the situation at hand. Providing high situation awareness when designing interactive systems for these users is an important concern: many factors need to be considered to avoid hazardous conditions. Situation Awareness Oriented Design (SAOD) is a design methodology that makes use of design principles as tools to guide designers in creating or adapting systems for achieving outstanding situation awareness. This study focuses on what problems arise when using a selection of SAOD principles as the principal tool in the design process. The research was carried out using a research-through- design methodology, where SAOD principles were employed for the design of D4SH, an interactive overview system in the maritime scope of remote service centres. The results indicate four problems that might occur in the design process by using these principles. First, principles did not help in making design decisions. Second, at times they indirectly conflicted with one another when having to make a choice. Third, grounded user analysis was needed for the correct use of the principles. Fourth, in some instances principles highlighted a problem without offering a desirable solution. Therefore, the validity of principles in the various phases of design is questioned, and some implications of using the principles as a complementary design tool are suggested. In conclusion, it is argued that the problems encountered are a necessary trade-off for having a powerful framework that can be successfully used in many contexts for situation awareness.
Managing product line asset bases

Product lines are predicated on collecting assets common to the desired product portfolio, commonly known as the asset base. For many product lines, the size of asset base has become large enough to create a variety of difficulties. The problem of size is particularly notable for implementation assets. Recent case studies suggest that asset base size also creates difficulties in deriving products from the product line assets, thus increasing the cost of producing a product from the product line assets. The techniques for managing large product line asset bases are unaddressed in the literature. This research presents new techniques that take advantage of asset base characteristics, unavailable in more general collections, to both reduce the number of assets and to organize the asset base that go beyond what is possible with other software collections. The result is an asset base that is more efficient to use. Research related to improving the organization of the asset base was performed by taking the component assets of a research SPL and arranging them based on three different organizational criteria---according to the structure of the architecture, important abstractions found during domain analysis (Key Domain Abstractions), and product features. The three resulting organizations were then studied using four evaluation criteria---natural division of assets into groups (assets fit into the groups provided by the organization), easy to map assets to organization criteria (mapping between the selection of a particular product variant and the assets needed to produce it), reasonably sized groups, and similarly sized groups. The effectiveness of the different organizations was then compared and recommendations concerning asset base organization provided. The literature indicates that large product lines are likely to contain multiple assets that provide the same functionality, but that differ in the program context that they support. The presence of the duplicative assets creates a number of problems including organization difficulties. In a Software Product Line (SPL) these differences in program context are the result of requirements expressed at the product's variation points. This limits the difference in program context to three characteristics---cardinality, optionality and feature interactions. The limited differences in program context make it practical to attempt to provide a modular solution which permits the desired variation to be assembled as needed. The research explored a number of different implementation mechanisms to provide these modular variation points. The result is a recommendation on how to implement SPL variation points provided in the form of a pattern language.
Quantifying upper limb movements among wheelchair users using wheelchair propulsion monitoring devices

Wheelchair users face the challenge of using their arms to mobilize their bodies instead of their legs—resulting in pain and injury. Development of tools to measure motions occurring during wheelchair propulsion presents the opportunity to study patterns and activities of wheelchair users to help prevent pain and injury. This study combined measurement tools including accelerometers and a wheel rotation data logger to collect data on activities performed by manual wheelchair users. Twenty-six participants with spinal cord injury completed lab visits of data collection. A model was created from lab data to classify data as propulsion, rest, activities of daily living (ADLs), or being pushed. The best percent accuracies of the classifying model for each activity are as follows: 84.5% for propulsion, 85.6% for rest, 84.6% for ADLs, and 79.9% for being pushed. When applied to data from a user’s natural environment, this model can provide information on average time spent per day in each activity. With future work, the wheelchair propulsion monitoring devices of this study could quantify movement in manual wheelchair users’ natural environments.
Arc Routing: Problems, Methods, and Applications

This book provides a thorough and up-to-date discussion of arc routing by world-renowned researchers. Organized by problem type, the book offers a rigorous treatment of complexity issues, models, algorithms, and applications. Arc Routing: Problems, Methods, and Applications opens with a historical perspective of the field and is followed by three sections that cover complexity and the Chinese Postman and the Rural Postman problems; the Capacitated Arc Routing Problem and routing problems with min-max and profit maximization objectives; and important applications, including meter reading, snow removal, and waste collection. Audience: This book will be of interest to practitioners, researchers, and graduate students in operations research, engineering, logistics, mathematics, and business.
Estimation and Hypothesis Testing for the Parameters of Multivariate Zero Inflated Generalized Poisson Regression Model

We propose a multivariate regression model called Multivariate Zero Inflated Generalized Poisson Regression (MZIGPR) type II. This model further develops the Bivariate Zero Inflated Generalized Poisson Regression (BZIGPR) type II. This study aims to develop parameter estimation, test statistics, and hypothesis testing, both simultaneously and partially, for significant parameters of the MZIGPR model. The steps of the EM algorithm for obtaining the parameter estimator are also described in this article. We use Berndt–Hall–Hall–Hausman (BHHH) numerical iteration to optimize the EM algorithm. Simultaneous testing is carried out using the maximum likelihood ratio test (MLRT) and the Wald test to partially assess the hypothesis. The proposed MZIGPR model is then used to model the three response variables: the number of maternal childbirth deaths, the number of postpartum maternal deaths, and the number of stillbirths with four predictors. The units of observation are the sub-districts of the Pekalongan Residency, Indonesia. The indicate overdispersion in the data on the number of maternal childbirth deaths and stillbirths, and underdispersion in the data on the number of postpartum maternal deaths. The empirical studies show that the three response variables are significantly affected by all the predictor variables.
Employing Ethernet Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol in an OpMiGua network

Hybrid optical packet/circuit switched networking architectures are increasingly becoming an interesting research field. They integrate and combine the high resource utilization of statistically multiplexed packet switched networks with the low processing requirements and guaranteed quality of service provided by circuit switched networks. The aim of this thesis is to integrate the OpMiGua hybrid optical network with Ethernet. Specifically, the work is focused on the compatibility of the Ethernets loop-free topology protocols with the redundant multiple traffic service paths of OpMiGua. We analyse the problems and limitations imposed on the network architecture and propose our topology solution called the SM chain-connectivity. The analysis and the proposed schemes are verified based on results obtained from simulations. Furthermore, we design an integrated logical OpMiGua node that relies on an Ethernet switch instead of the Optical Packet Switch for the Statistically Multiplexed traffic. To date, to our knowledge there are no studies analysing the compatibility of Ethernet and its protection mechanisms in a hybrid optical network. This is the first work addressing the use of Ethernet in OpMiGua.
Study on a new type micro-stirrer excited by longitudinal elastic wave for thrombus dissolution

This paper presents the fundamental study on design of a novel micro stirrer for high effective dissolution of cerebral thrombus or blood clot. The actuator is a beam with supported one side and the other side is free. The longitudinal waves excited by a transducer from support side, travel through a beam and before reaching the tip of beam partially impinge to a slant surface. So that some of the energy of the incident longitudinal waves are reflected with different orientations from the length direction. The other energy would be converted to shear waves. Despite the elongation and bending at tip, there is no significant bending across other part of beam. The micro stirrer was evaluated by vertical tip displacement in varied mode shape with using FEM analysis. The obtained results demonstrated that the vertical motion of the stirrer at desired mode shape was less influenced by the length of actuator. Due to the attenuation of wave amplitude, a driving technique method is proposed to generate high-amplitude.
Toxicity potential of electroplating wastewater and its bioremediation approaches: a review

ABSTRACT Electroplating industries produce a large amount of wastewater laden with a high amount of heavy metals and other toxic inorganic and organic contaminants. The wastewater generated from the process is highly toxic to all forms of life. It has severe toxicity to aquatic plants, fish and other living multicellular or unicellular organisms. On land, it affects germination rates, growth and development of plants and also causes heavy metal accumulation in vegetable and grain crops. Several human health issues are also associated with electroplating wastewater (EWW) due to its content of toxic metals and organic pollutants. The treatment of EWW is therefore essential before its disposal to protect the environment and its living organisms. This review identified the hazardous content of EWW and their toxicity The reviewed focused in particular on current bioremediation strategies for the safe treatment of EWW, their major challenges and future potential application. The review highlighted that integrated biological-treatment systems, such as constructed wetland can provide a cheap, eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional technologies for the treatment of EWW. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Nonlinear model-building of a low-power gas turbine

The development of a nonlinear gas turbine model is presented in this paper for loop-shaping control purposes. The nonlinear dynamic equations of the gas turbine are based on the first engineering principles. In order to complete the model, constitutive algebraic equations are also needed. These equations describe the static behavior of the gas turbine at various operating points. The complete, substituted nonlinear model is presented along with its model verification results based on a simulator and measured data.
A fast, single-iteration ensemble Kalman smoother for sequential data assimilation

Abstract. Ensemble-variational methods form the basis of the state-of-the-art for nonlinear, scalable data assimilation, yet current designs may not be cost-effective for reducing prediction error in online, short-range forecast systems. We propose a novel, outer-loop optimization of the ensemble-variational formalism for applications in which forecast error dynamics are weakly nonlinear, such as synoptic meteorology. In order to rigorously derive our method and demonstrate its novelty, we review ensemble smoothers that appear throughout the literature in a unified Bayesian maximum-a-posteriori narrative, updating and simplifying some results. After mathematically deriving our technique, we systematically develop and inter-compare all studied schemes in the open-source Julia package DataAssimilationBenchmarks.jl, with pseudo-code provided for these methods. This high-performance numerical framework, supporting our mathematical results, produces extensive benchmarks that demonstrate the significant performance advantages of our proposed technique. In particular, our single-iteration ensemble Kalman smoother is shown both to improve prediction / posterior accuracy and to simultaneously reduce the leading order cost of iterative, sequential smoothers in a variety of relevant test cases for operational short-range forecasts. This long work is thus intended to present our novel single-iteration ensemble Kalman smoother, and to provide a theoretical and computational framework for the study of sequential, ensemble-variational Kalman filters and smoothers generally.
HPV genotyping in patients undergoing colposcopy-guided cervical biopsy and ECC using reference smear and pathology results

Background: The cervical cytology, HPV presence and HPV genotyping used for cervical cancer screening are the guiding lights in predicting the risk of developing the disease now or in the near future and they can be used in deciding how to manage the patient. In our study, we aimed to determine the rate of HPV types in presence of abnormal cervical smear results and preinvasive lesions and to obtain data to help predict the risk of cervical pathology according to HPV genotyping in our population. Materials and methods: In this retrospective case series, 520 consecutive patients were included in the study who underwent colposcopy in the gynecologic oncology clinic. The most common HPV types were determined in patients with abnormal cytology results in cervical smear and with CIN2 or higher in cervical biopsy results. Results: A total of 279 patients were tested positive for HPV. 70 (25.1%) of the patients were HPV type 16, 34 (12.2%) were type 18 and 134 (47.0%) of the patients were tested positive for other high-risk HPV types. The most frequent other high-risk HPV type was type 39 (7.9%). Reference smear results identified 239 patients (48.8%) as ASCUS, 117 patients (23.9%) as LSIL, 19 patients (3.9%) as HSIL and 115 patients (23.5%) as normal. The incidence of HPV 16 and 18 infection in patients with abnormal smear results was 26.8%. Punch biopsy pathology results that revealed CIN1 was present in 48.4%, CIN2 or CIN3 in 8.1%, squamous cell carcinoma in 1.1% and cervicitis in 30.4% of the patients. In 89.2% of the patients whose biopsy results were CIN2-3 or squamous cell cancer, HPV types were 16 and 18. Conclusion: As types 16 and 18 positivity in patients with ASCUS was 26.8%, we suggest that performing colposcopy directly in all HPV positive cases as recommended in ASCCP guidelines must be questioned and HPV genotyping must be performed before colposcopy in patients with ASCUS.
Identification of candidate genes responsible for morphological and yield-related traits via genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) in oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis)

Background The genus Elaeis has two species of economic importance for the oil palm agroindustry: Elaeis oleifera (O), native to the Americas, and Elaeis guineensis (G), native to Africa. The breeding program in Colombia relies on interspecific OxG crossing populations with tolerance to pests and diseases, high oil quality, and acceptable fruit bunch production. The identification of loci associated to morphological and yield-related traits and the dissection of their genetic architecture will provide essential insights for oil palm breeding strategies. Results The genotypes of 471 oil palms, including 62 E. oleifera (O), 31 E. guineensis (G) and 378 OxG samples were analyzed in this study. A total of 3,776 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were detected across the 16 oil palm chromosomes using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique. The genetic variation and population structure analyses grouped the samples into two clades according to the parental relatedness. A genome wide association analysis (GWAS) was conducting using the OxG hybrid population, resulting in 12 SNPs significantly associated with ten different morphological and yield-related traits. Conclusions The work presented herein provides to our knowledge the first association mapping study in an interspecific OxG hybrid population of oil palm. We provide new insights on candidate genes involved in tissue development and plant architecture associated to traits such as: rachis length, trunk diameter, bunch number, and bunch weight. The genes identified in our analysis are putative candidates for future targeted functional analysis. They are valuable resources for the development of marker-assisted selection in oil palm breeding. Keywords: Association mapping, Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera, genotyping-by-sequencing, plant architecture, yield.