Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non Reciprocal Passive Components on LTCC Ferrite Substrate

This thesis investigates passive non-reciprocal components (mainly circulators) based on ferrite Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) substrate. The external magnets used in conventional circulators must be strong to overcome the ferrite's demagnetization field. The novel circulator presented herein uses an embedded winding within the ferrite substrate to magnetize the material from the inside, thereby significantly reducing the demagnetization effects. Because of the controllability of the bias field, the resulting device is also multifunctional: when the windings are energized by a current, the device operates as a dynamic circulator in which the circulation direction can be changed by switching the direction of the current. Unlike other LTCC circulators with external magnets, the proposed device can even operate as a power splitter by removing the bias current. A circulator prototype has been characterized in three states: unbiased, biased by winding and biased by winding and external magnets. When no current is applied, the transmission of each port is about -5 dB with return loss better than 20 dB at 14.8 GHz. When a current of 300 mA is injected into the winding, the measured insertion loss and isolation of the circulator is approximately 3 dB and 8 dB, respectively, whereas the return loss is better than 20 dB at 14.2 GHz. When external magnets are added in addition to the current of 200 mA, the insertion loss and isolation is improved to 1.6 dB and 23 dB, respectively at 14.2 GHz. The variation of the circulator's working frequency is 0.6 GHz. This is achieved firstly by the change of internal magnetization M when current is less than 120 mA, then the heat in the substrate due to the winding introduces more frequency shifting. The total size (L*W*H) is 8mm*8mm*1.1mm
The inverse problem of an impenetrable sound-hard body in acoustic scattering

We study the inverse problem of recovering the scatterer shape from the far-field pattern(FFP) of the scattered wave in presence of noise. This problem is ill-posed and is usually addressed via regularization. Instead, a direct approach to denoise the FFP using wavelet technique is proposed by us. We are interested in methods that deal with the scatterer of the general shape which may be described by a finite number of parameters. To study the effectiveness of the technique we concentrate on simple bodies such as ellipses, where the analytic solution to the forward scattering problem is known. The shape parameters are found based on a least-square error estimator. Two cases with the FFP corrupted by Gaussian noise and/or computational error from a finite element method are considered. We also consider the case where only partial data is known in the far field.
A Generalized Optimal Planning Platform for Microgrids of Remote Communities Considering Frequency and Voltage Regulation Constraints

Access to electricity is a key factor behind development and expansion of modern societies, and electric power systems are the backbone infrastructure for economic growth of nations and communities. However, more than a billion people all over the world have no or limited access to electricity and are deprived of basic services. Furthermore, there are many communities that rely on small-scale isolated microgrids to supply their electric power demands, and many challenges exist in keeping those microgrids operating. The cost of operating isolated microgrids is a major issue which impacts the availability of a proper power network in remote communities. Hence, many organizations, communities and governments around the world are looking into alternative options for electrification of remote communities by considering Renewable Energy (RE) resources, such as wind and solar power, and utilization of Energy Storage Systems (ESS). This thesis investigates the feasibility of RE deployment in remote communities, by proposing a generalized optimal planning platform and conducting comprehensive simulation studies based on real measured data, and evaluates the impact of economic, technical and operation constraints on the planning of an isolated microgrid involving conventional generation, RE resources and ESS. This work suggests that further investigation should be made on the potential impacts of the integration of RE resource on systems operation constraints, such as frequency and voltage regulation, and the results justify the importance of such investigations. Detailed studies on the impact of operation constraints on the planning and sizing of the microgrid are performed. The impact of ESS on planning studies and its potential role in system operation are analyzed. Furthermore, the impact of RE integration on reduction of diesel generation and thus carbon footprint in remote communities is evaluated. The inclusion of a demand response management strategy in microgrid planning problem is considered and its impact on the integration of RE and ESS in remote communities is analyzed. The proposed planning platform is applied to the microgrid of Kasabonika Lake First Nation (KLFN), a northern Ontario remote community. The results indicate that RE and ESS integration projects are achievable considering alternative incentives and funding resources. It is also shown that frequency regulation constraints have remarkable impact on the sizing of the RE units and ESS. A sensitivity analysis is also performed in order to study the effect of variable parameters on the optimal design of the microgrid at KLFN.
Experimental prospects at the Large Hadron Collider

This review focuses on the expected performance of the ATLAS and CMS detectors at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), together with some of the highlights of the global commissioning work done in 2008 with basically fully operational detectors. A selection of early physics measurements, expected to be performed with the data taken in 2009/2010 is included for completion, together with a brief reminder of the ultimate physics potential of the LHC.
Optimal design of an annular thrust air bearing using parametric computational fluid dynamics model and genetic algorithms

The performance of air bearing is highly influenced by the geometrical parameters of its restrictor. This study aims to maximize the load-carrying capacity and stiffness of air bearing, and minimize its volume flow rate by optimizing the geometrical parameters of restrictor. To facilitate the calculation of air bearing performance, a parametric computational fluid dynamics model is developed. Then, it is combined with multiobjective optimization genetic algorithm to search the Pareto optimal solutions. Furthermore, as a case study, the optimal design of an annular thrust air bearing is implemented. The stiffness of air bearing is improved 38.5%, the load-carrying capacity is improved 33.9%, and the volume flow rate is declined 19.6%, which are finally validated by experiments. It proves the reliability of proposed parametric computational fluid dynamics model and genetic optimization algorithm.
Algorithms for minimization of charge sharing effects in a hybrid pixel detector taking into account hardware limitations in deep submicron technology

Charge sharing is the main limitation of pixel detectors used in spectroscopic applications, noting that this applies to both time and amplitude/energy spectroscopy. Even though, charge sharing was the subject of many studies, there is still no ultimate solution which could be implemented in the hardware to suppress the negative effects of charge sharing. This is mainly because of strong demand on low power dissipation and small silicon area of a single pixel. The first solution of this problem was proposed by CERN and consequently it was implemented in the Medipix III chip. However, due to pixel-to-pixel threshold dispersions and some imperfections of the simplified algorithm, the hit allocation was not functioning properly. We are presenting novel algorithms which allow proper hit allocation even at the presence of charge sharing. They can be implemented in an integrated circuit using a deep submicron technology. In performed simulations, we assumed not only diffusive charge spread occurring in the course of charge drifting towards the electrodes but also limitations in the readout electronics, i.e. signal fluctuations due to noise and mismatch (gain and offsets). The simulations show that using, for example, a silicon pixel detector in the low X-ray energy range, we have been able to perform proper hit position identification and use the information from summing inter-pixel nodes for spectroscopy measurements.
A Flight Guidance Display Format on Smart Glasses for Private Pilots

Keeping the pilot eyes-out is important, especially in general aviation (GA), because pilots mostly fly under visual flight rules (VFR). In this study, a display format for smart glasses was developed. Besides the primary flight state information, a curved arrow shows the pilot when to turn and dynamically straightens when the turn should be terminated. The behavior of the display format was developed to guide the pilot in a VFR traffic pattern. A reduction of in flight technical error and missed signals in a secondary task demonstrated the potential of the display format in GA applications. Subjective workload did not significantly change. Results suggest that low-cost consumer smart glasses used in GA could have the potential to support pilots in the future.
Simulation Study of a Modified Rectangular Microstrip for the Hyperthermia Breast Cancer Procedure with SEMCAD X Solver

A modified rectangular microstrip is introduced and presented as an applicator for hyperthermia cancer procedure. SEMCAD X solver is used as the simulation tool to investigate the rectangular microstrip, which is applied and radiated to the breast phantom. The research is carried out in order to enhance the penetration depth, which is up to 100mm and improve the focusing capability, which means that to reduce the unwanted hot spots at the vicinity area of the treated tissue. The specific absorption rate (SAR) distributions of 1 and 10 g weights of breast tissue are obtained as simulation results. The operating frequency utilized for the study is 915 MHz, with three operating powers of 10, 100, and 200 W. Beside rectangular, a circular microstrip applicator with microstrip feed line is also simulated in order to determine which shape of the microstrip applicator presented the greatest results in term of the depth penetration and focusing capability. As expected, the greatest SAR is provided by the microstrip applicator with rectangular shape. By that, the rectangular microstrip applicator is further explored and modified. From the outcomes, the rectangular microstrip with structure 4 presents the utmost specific absorption rate deposition; the required penetration depth is achieved, and focusing is enhanced with minimal unwanted hot spots at the vicinity of the treated area.
QRS slopes for assessment of myocardial damage in chronic chagasic patients

In this study the slopes of the QRS complex are evaluated for determination of the degree of myocardial damage in chronic chagasic patients. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability of the slope indices to reflect alterations in the conduction velocity of the cardiac impulse. Results obtained in the present study show that chronic chagasic patients have significantly flatter QRS slopes as compared to healthy subjects. Not only that but the extent of slope lessening turns out to be proportional to the degree of myocardial damage caused by the disease. Additionally, when incorporating the slope indices into a classification analysis together with other indices indicative of the presence of ventricular late potentials obtained from high resolution electrocardiography, results show that the percentages of correct classification increase up to 62.5%, which means eight points above the percentages obtained prior to incorporation of the slope indices. It can be concluded that QRS slopes have great potential for assessing the degree of severity associated with Chagas' disease.
mechanical engineering in ancient Egypt, Part 64: Stelae industry (Early Dynastic to Middle Kingdom)

The production of stelae in ancient Egypt is investigated as a step in the study of evolution of mechanical engineering in ancient Egypt. Design and application of stelae during the periods from the Early Dynastic to the Middle Kingdom are presented as used by the ancient Egyptians. Material, dimension, shape , inscriptions and present location are outlined for each stele.
Experiments on pumping of liquids using arrays of microelectrodes subjected to travelling wave potentials

Net fluid flow of electrolytes driven on an array of microelectrodes subjected to a travelling-wave potential is presented. Two sizes of platinum microelectrodes have been studied. In both arrays, at low voltages the liquid flows according to the prediction given by ac electroosmotic theory. At voltages above a threshold the fluid flow is reversed. Measurements of the electrical current when the microelectrode array is pumping the liquid are also reported. Transient behaviours in both electrical current and fluid velocity have been observed.
Radiation-hard silicon for LH-LHC trackers

In order to harvest the maximum physics potential of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), it is foreseen to significantly increase the LHC luminosity by upgrading the LHC towards the HL-LHC (High Luminosity LHC), also known as sLHC. The final upgrade (Phase-II) will mean unprecedented radiation levels, exceeding the LHC fluences by roughly an order of magnitude. Due to the radiation damage limitations of the silicon sensors presently used, the physics experiments will require new tracking detectors for HL-LHC operation. All-silicon central trackers are being studied in ATLAS, CMS and LHCb, with extremely radiation hard silicon sensors to be employed on the innermost layers. Within the CERN RD50 Collaboration, a massive R&D programme is underway across experimental boundaries to develop silicon sensors with sufficient radiation tolerance. We will present results of several detector technologies and silicon materials at radiation levels corresponding to HL-LHC fluences.
A high-performance 5-to-2 compressor cell based on carbon nanotube FETs

ABSTRACT This study presents a high-speed and energy-efficient 5-to-2 compressor cell using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (CNFETs). For designing this circuit, the unique features of CNFETs such as the ability of adopting the required threshold voltage by changing the diameters of nanotubes and same carrier mobility for p-type and n-type devices are utilized. Compressors are the fundamental components in many important applications such as accumulating the partial products in multipliers. To evaluate the performance of the designs, simulations are carried out using HSPICE at different power supplies, load capacitors, frequencies. The simulation results demonstrate 56% improvement in delay, 46% improvement in power, and 67% improvement in power-delay-product (PDP) in average as compared to the classical and state-of-the-art 5-to-2 compressor cells presented in the literature.
Impact of bacterial colonization on exhaled inflammatory markers in wheezing preschool children

Wheeze is a common symptom in preschool children. The role of bacteria, regulatory T (Treg) cells and their association with airway inflammation in preschool wheeze is largely unknown. We evaluated inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), bacterial colonization and circulating Treg cells in preschool children with and without recurrent wheeze. We recruited 252 children (aged two to four years) with (N = 202) and without (N = 50) recurrent wheeze. EBC was collected using an efficient closed glass condenser. Inflammatory markers in EBC (Interleukin(IL)-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13) were assessed using multiplex immunoassay. Nasal and throat swabs were analysed for presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus (para)influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. Proportions of Treg cells (CD4+CD25highCD127−) were quantified by flow cytometry. Recurrent wheezing children had elevated EBC levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 compared to non-wheezers (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.67 (1.23–2.27): 1.58 (1.15–2.18): 1.47 (1.14–1.90): 1.55 (1.16–2.06), p <0.05, respectively). Bacteria were frequently present in children with and without wheeze, with no difference in prevalence (16–52% versus 16–50%, respectively). Moreover, the proportion of Treg cells did not differ between both groups. Wheezing children with bacterial colonization did not significantly differ in exhaled levels of inflammatory markers or proportion of Treg cells compared to wheezing children without colonization. The analysis of EBC might serve as a helpful non-invasive tool to early assess airway inflammation in wheezing children. The various elevated exhaled inflammatory markers indicate increased airway inflammation in wheezing preschool children. In the presence of wheeze, we found no evidence for bacterial induced airway inflammation.
Tactile sensor of hardness recognition based on magnetic anomaly detection

Hardness, as one kind of tactile sensing, plays an important role in the field of intelligent robot application such as gripping, agricultural harvesting, prosthetic hand and so on. Recently, with the rapid development of magnetic field sensing technology with high performance, a number of magnetic sensors have been developed for intelligent application. The tunnel Magnetoresistance(TMR) based on magnetoresistance principal works as the sensitive element to detect the magnetic field and it has proven its excellent ability of weak magnetic detection. In the paper, a new method based on magnetic anomaly detection was proposed to detect the hardness in the tactile way. The sensor is composed of elastic body, ferrous probe, TMR element, permanent magnet. When the elastic body embedded with ferrous probe touches the object under the certain size of force, deformation of elastic body will produce. Correspondingly, the ferrous probe will be forced to displace and the background magnetic field will be distorted. The distorted magnetic field was detected by TMR elements and the output signal at different time can be sampled. The slope of magnetic signal with the sampling time is different for object with different hardness. The result indicated that the magnetic anomaly sensor can recognize the hardness rapidly within 150ms after the tactile moment. The hardness sensor based on magnetic anomaly detection principal proposed in the paper has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, rapid response and it has shown great application potential in the field of intelligent robot.
Twisted statistics of quantum fields on the Moyal plane

In this review, we discuss the role of quantum statistics in twisted Poincaré invariant theories. It is shown that, in order to have twisted Poincaré group as the symmetry of a quantum theory, statistics must be twisted. It is also confirmed that the removal of UV-IR mixing (in the absence of gauge fields) in such theories is a natural consequence.
Model of P controller’s effect on tension of UAV motor

The tuning of the multi-rotor UAV PID parameters is a long and iterative process, and sometimes it is impossible to find a suitable magnitude. To improve the setting efficiency of control parameters, the classic PID control algorithm is combined with the dynamic model of the UAV to build a mathematical model that describes the effect about parameters of P controller on the tension of brushless motor. Computer simulation and open-loop experimental verification were conducted under the change of parameter of P controller. The simulation and experimental results show that this mathematical model describes the effect of parameters of P controller on the UAV motor’s tension under different attitude angle errors. When the parameters of the P controller are input to the UAV which has determined the parameters of the power system, the motor’s tension can be calculated directly from this model, and this model can assist in determining the magnitude of parameters of the P controller.
Some results on cubic and higher order extensions of the Poincaré algebra

In these lectures we study some possible higher order (of degree greater than two) extensions of the Poincaré algebra. We first give some general properties of Lie superalgebras with some emphasis on the supersymmetric extension of the Poincaré algebra or Supersymmetry. Some general features on the so-called Wess-Zumino model (the simplest field theory invariant under Supersymmetry) are then given. We further introduce an additional algebraic structure called Lie algebras of order F, which naturally comprise the concepts of ordinary Lie algebras and superalgebras. This structure enables us to define various non-trivial extensions of the Poincaré algebra. These extensions are studied more precisely in two different contexts. The first algebra we are considering is shown to be an (infinite dimensional) higher order extension of the Poincaré algebra in (1 + 2)-dimensions and turns out to induce a symmetry which connects relativistic anyons. The second extension we are studying is related to a specific finite dimensional Lie algebra of order three, which is a cubic extension of the Poincaré algebra in D-space-time dimensions. Invariant Lagrangians are constructed.
Communication Performance Assessment for Advanced Metering Infrastructure

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), the foundation of smart grids, can be used to provide numerous intelligent power applications and services based on the data acquired from AMI. Effective and efficient communication performance between widely-spread smart meters and Data Concentrator Units (DCUs) is one of the most important issues for the successful deployment and operation of AMI and needs to be further investigated. This paper proposes an effective Communication Performance Index (CPI) to assess and supervise the communication performance of each smart meter. Some communication quality measurements that can be easily acquired from a smart meter such as reading success rate and response time are used to design the proposed CPI. Fuzzy logic is adopted to combine these measurements to calculate the proposed CPI. The CPIs for communication paths, DCUs and whole AMI can then be derived from meter CPIs. Simulation and experimental results for small-scale AMIs demonstrate the validity of the proposed CPI. Through the calculated CPIs, the communication performance and stability for AMI can be effectively assessed and supervised.
The Stark-crossing method for the simultaneous determination of the electron temperature and density in plasmas

The use of the Stark broadening of Balmer lines spontaneously emitted by atmospheric-pressure plasmas as a method to determine both the electron density and temperature in high-pressure plasmas is discussed in this paper. This method is applied to argon and helium plasmas produced in microwave discharges. Especially for Ar plasmas, valuable and reliable results are obtained.
Multi-objective optimisation of fused deposition modelling process parameters using RSM and fuzzy logic for build time and support material

Additive manufacturing (AM) is around three-decade-old technology and enables quick transition from concept to physical models in a matter of hours. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a promising and robust AM technique with proven ability to build prototypes of complex and intricate shapes using reasonable time and cost. Optimisation of FDM process requires optimisation of various qualitative and quantitative responses. This work presents multi-objective FDM optimisation using RSM embedded fuzzy logic analysis. Six process parameters and two responses are considered for the current experimentation on Fortus 250mc modeller based on FDM technology.