Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MiR-9-5p Inhibits Glioblastoma Cells Proliferation Through Directly Targeting FOXP2 (Forkhead Box P2)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant tumor in the central nervous system and the treatment is still unsatisfactory because the mechanism of the disease remains unclear. The abnormal expression of miRNAs and its target proteins play a crucial role in the development of glioblastoma. In this study, we demonstrated that high expression of miR-9-5p and low expression of forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) were related with better outcome in patients with GBM, and down regulated FOXP2 expression was able to inhibit glioma cells proliferation by cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, we found that FOXP2 was the target protein of miR-9-5p in luciferase assay. The results of this study suggest a novel regulatory mechanism that miR-9-5p can inhibit glioma cells proliferation by downregulating FOXP2.
Melatonin and Rapamycin Attenuate Isoflurane-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through Inhibition of Neuroinflammation by Suppressing the mTOR Signaling in the Hippocampus of Aged Mice

Melatonin exerts neuroprotective effects on isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be elucidated. The present study sought to determine if melatonin confers its beneficial effects by acting on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and attenuates the neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of aged mice. A total of 72 male C57BL/6 mice, 16-month-old, were randomly and equally divided into six groups: (1) the control group (CON); (2) the rapamycin group (RAP); (3) the melatonin group (MEL); (4) the isoflurane group (ISO); (5) the rapamycin + isoflurane group (RAP + ISO); and (6) the melatonin + isoflurane group (MEL + ISO). RAP, RAP + ISO, MEL, MEL + ISO groups received 1 mg/kg/day mTOR inhibitor rapamycin solution or 10 mg/kg/day melatonin solution, respectively, intraperitoneally at 5:00 p.m. for 14 days consecutively. Mice in the CON and ISO groups were administered an equivalent volume of saline. Subsequently, ISO, RAP + ISO, and MEL + ISO groups were exposed to inhale 2% isoflurane for 4 h; the CON, RAP, and MEL mice received only the vehicle gas. Then, the memory function and spatial learning of the mice were examined via the Morris water maze (MWM) test. mTOR expression was detected via Western blot, whereas the concentration of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and that of melatonin was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Melatonin and rapamycin significantly ameliorated the isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment and also led to a decrease in the melatonin levels as well as the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and p-mTOR in the hippocampus. In conclusion, these results showed that melatonin and rapamycin attenuates mTOR expression while affecting the downstream proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, these molecular findings could be associated with an improved cognitive function in mice exposed to isoflurane.
Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review

The impact of Internet of Things has been revolutionized in all fields of life, but its impact on the healthcare system has been significant due to its cutting edge transition. The role of Internet of Things becomes more dominant when it is supported by the features of mobile computing. The mobile computing extends the functionality of IoT in healthcare environment by bringing a massive support in the form of mobile health (m-health). In this research, a systematic literature review protocol is proposed to study how mobile computing assists IoT applications in healthcare, contributes to the current and future research work of IoT in the healthcare system, brings privacy and security in health IoT devices, and affects the IoT in the healthcare system. Furthermore, the intentions of the paper are to study the impacts of mobile computing on IoT in healthcare environment or smart hospitals in light of our systematic literature review protocol. The proposed study reports the papers that were included based on filtering process by title, abstract, and contents, and a total of 116 primary studies were included to support the proposed research. These papers were then analysed for research questions defined for the proposed study.
Roles of Peripheral Blood CD34+ Cell Count and Midpoint Collection CD34+ Cell Yield for Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Collections from Autologous Patients Mobilized by G-CSF and Plerixafor

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is used to treat multiple hematologic malignancies including multiple myeloma, lymphomas and amyloidosis. G-CSF plus plerixafor has increasingly become a viable first-line PBSC mobilization option in the autologous patients. The aim of our study was to determine whether peripheral blood CD34+ cell count (PB CD34) or midpoint collection CD34+ yield (MPY) is a better predictor of the final collection CD34+ yield (FY) to guide decision-making to ensure collection target achievement and, when possible, to reduce collection sessions for adult autologous PBSC patients mobilized with both G-CSF and plerixafor. Eighty-eight autologous patients who were mobilized by the 2-pronged regimen underwent 171 PBSC collection sessions in 2011. Retrospective data analysis for the PBSC collections showed: (1) Both PB CD34 and MPY correlate strongly with FY; (2) Reduction of apheresis sessions in 24 patients was achieved by decision-making based on FY estimation using PB CD 34 and/ or MPY. Reduction of apheresis sessions decreases the discomfort, inconvenience, cost, and time spent associated with the stem cell collection for the patients, and also decreases the cost and increases the efficiency of our apheresis operation. Based on the prediction value of either PB CD34 or MPY, a guideline is developed for our apheresis facility for autologous PBSC patients, and 1 increased TBV is preferred at most of the time.
Learning Weighted Top-$k$ Support Vector Machine

Top-k error ratio is a popular performance measure for multi-category classification in which the number of categories is large. With the aim of obtaining the multi-category classifier minimizing the top-k error, Lapin et al. has developed the top-k support vector machine (top-k SVM) which is trained with the top-k hinge loss. Although top-k hinge is designed to be suitable for the top-k error, another loss or the top-k′ hinge loss with k′ k often yields a smaller top-k error ratio than the top-k hinge loss. This suggests that the top-k hinge loss is not always the optimal choice for the top-k error, which motivates us to explore variants of the top-k hinge loss. In this paper, we studied a weighted variant of the top-k hinge loss, and refer to the learning machine as the weighted top-k SVM. We developed a new optimization algorithm based on the Frank-Wolfe algorithm that requires no step size, enjoys the clear stopping criterion, and is never solicitous for computational instability. The Frank-Wolfe algorithm repeats the direction finding step and the line search step. The discoveries in this study are that both the steps can be given in a closed form. By smoothing the loss function, geometrical convergence can be achieved. Experimental results reveal that the weighted top-k SVM often achieved the better pattern recognition performance compared to the unweighted top-k SVM.
Evaluation and comparison of different polymerization techniques, curing cycles, and thicknesses of two denture base materials

Purpose: The study aimed to compare the effect of different materials, thicknesses, and polymerization methods and cycles, on the surface porosity of acrylic denture base resins. Materials and Methods: Conventional heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and specially designed acrylic resin (Acron MC) were used to make 84 rectangular samples. They were divided into three groups to evaluate and compare the polymerization techniques, curing cycles, and thicknesses of the two denture base materials (28 samples each). Group A contained PMMA samples polymerized using water bath method (control group); Group B contained Acron MC samples polymerized by microwave method, and Group C contained PMMA samples polymerized by microwave method. Each group was further divided based on sample thickness and polymerization cycles. Each sample was scanned for surface porosity and area of each pore was measured using optical microscope. Data was analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni, and student t-tests. Unpaired student t-test was performed to compare the means of surface porosity with polymerization cycles and thicknesses among the groups. The power of study was kept at 80%. Results: Group C showed highest mean % of porosity depending on method of polymerization, different polymerization cycles (short and long) and polymerization cycles within the group. Group B showed the highest mean % of porosity depending on thickness and thickness within the groups. Conclusions: Microwavable acrylic resin polymerized by microwave energy exhibited statistically insignificant increase in porosity when compared to conventional heat cured acrylic resin by water bath method. Conventional acrylic resin polymerized by microwave energy exhibited high statistically significant porosity irrespective of sample thickness. There was statistically insignificant increase in porosity depending on sample thickness irrespective of material and method of polymerization.
Heal and seal: Management of an open apex with mineral trioxide aggregate apexification

The use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an alternative material to calcium hydroxide for apexification has gained popularity over reasons such as good sealing ability and biocompatibility and to avoid longer periodic appointments. The case report presents use of MTA as an apical plug for an open apex central incisor which gives a favorable outcome with periapical lesion.
The Impact of Grammar on Mentalizing: A Training Study Including Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder

Training on complements in English, German, and Mandarin has been reported to trigger improvements on both complements and Theory of Mind (ToM), with typically developing (TD) pre-schoolers on the verge of developing these skills (Hale and Tager-Flusberg, 2003; Lohmann and Tomasello, 2003; Shuliang et al., 2014). In the current study, we build on the idea that increasing mastery of complementation holds the promise of enhancing ToM, and seek (i) to replicate the positive effects observed in previous work for this effect in French-speaking TD children, and (ii) to pilot extending this to clinical children, more specifically those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), through exploring whether improvement in the latter, clinical groups follows that of the TD group. Sixty children with ToM difficulties, 16 with ASD (aged 5;6–11;8), 20 with DLD (aged 4;8–9;0) and 24 typically developing children aged (2;9–5;3 years), participated in a 4-week training program. Half received training targeting sentential complements and half received a control training targeting lexical skills. Complementation training, but not lexical training, led to a significant direct increase in complements, and also had the indirect effect of significantly boosting belief reasoning. TD and clinical groups followed the same patterns of performance. These results confirm previous findings in other languages for TD, and further suggest promising new directions for therapeutic programs addressing ToM delays in populations of different aetiologies, namely the incorporation of a motivating training on complementation.
Australian Qualifications Framework

QTAC code (Australian and New Zealand applicants): Health & Physical Education Primary (Springfield campus: 928711; External: 908715; Toowoomba campus: 908711); Health & Physical Education Secondary (Springfield campus: 928811; External: 908815; Toowoomba campus: 908811); Secondary (Springfield campus: 928411; External: 908415; Toowoomba campus: 908411); Early Childhood (Springfield campus: 928181; External: 908185; Toowoomba campus: 908181); Primary (Springfield campus: 928171; External: 908175; Toowoomba campus: 908171); Special Education (Springfield campus: 928241; External: 908245; Toowoomba campus: 908241)
Metabolic response to maxillofacial trauma revisited: A retrospective study

Purpose: Management of a trauma patient aims at stabilization or resuscitation and revival from critical condition resulting from various sequences of systemic pathophysiological responses in the body. Hematological changes are the first signs reflecting the homeostasis mechanisms starting in the body after injury. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the physiological changes following maxillofacial trauma and extrapolate the findings to understand the posttrauma responses. Patients and Method: This is a retrospective study involving 192 subjects divided into two groups, trauma group and control group. In both the groups, baseline vitals and complete blood picture were recorded for comparison. In trauma group, the recordings were made within 24 h after maxillofacial injury. Results: All the parameters were analyzed using SPSS version 18. Independent sample t-test was used to assess the nature of data distribution and statistical significance was considered only at P value < 0.05. On comparison of complete blood picture mean values of hemoglobin (13.63 vs 12.18), RBC count (4.51 vs 4.10), WBC count (8835.48 vs 8336.56) were seen to be higher in trauma patients compared to control subjects. The mean bleeding times are almost equal (2.35 vs 2.47) but the clotting times (5.42 vs 5.26), random blood glucose (94.78 vs 90.13), and blood urea (27.14 vs 26.30) were marginally higher in trauma group but were statistically insignificant. The mean value of serum creatinine (0.84 vs 0.80) was comparatively higher in trauma patients and was statistically significant. Study of vitals revealed that mean systolic blood pressures were almost equal (120.65 vs 121.08) in both the groups. The mean diastolic blood pressures (79.46 vs 88.49) and oxygen saturation (93.73 vs 98.86) in trauma patients are comparatively reduced. The mean values of temperature (99.30 vs 98.50) and pulse rate (102.38 vs 97.14) were on relatively higher side in trauma group compared with control group. Summary and Conclusion: Using basic blood parameters and vitals in the present study, the compensatory mechanisms happening in the body after maxillofacial trauma can be seen. These changes although significant on side by side comparison can still fall within the normal physiological range provided by various diagnostic setups. Hence, the need for maxillofacial surgeon to be sensitive to minor variations in these aspects to ensure safety of the patient cannot be overemphasized.
Imaging and Quantification of Myelin Integrity After Injury With Spectral Confocal Reflectance Microscopy

Developing a high-throughput approach to quantify the extent of myelin integrity in preclinical models of demyelinating diseases will enhance our capacity to identify novel therapies for myelin repair. In light of the technical limitations of electron microscopy and immunohistochemical analyses of myelination, we have utilized a novel imaging technique, spectral confocal reflectance (SCoRe) microscopy. SCoRe takes advantage of the optically reflective properties of compact myelin, allowing the integrity of compact myelin to be quantified over the course of the cuprizone-induced model of central demyelination. We applied SCoRe imaging on fixed frozen brain sections. SCoRe analysis of control mice identified an increase in corpus callosum myelination during the period of cuprizone administration and recovery, suggesting that the normal developmental processes of myelination are ongoing at this time. Importantly, analysis of mice subjected to cuprizone identified a significant reduction in compact myelin in both rostral and caudal corpus callosum compared to age-matched control mice. SCoRe microscopy also allowed the visualization and quantification of the amount of myelin debris in demyelinating lesions. Combining SCoRe imaging with immunohistochemistry, we quantified the amount of myelin debris within IBA-1+ microglia and found that 11% of myelin debris colocalized in microglia irrespective of the callosal regions, with the vast majority of debris outside of microglia. In summary, we have demonstrated that SCoRe microscopy is an effective and powerful tool to perform both quantitative and qualitative analyses of compact myelin integrity in health or after injury in vivo, demonstrating its future application in high-throughput assessments and screening of the therapeutic efficacy of myelin repair therapies in preclinical animal models of demyelinating diseases.
Adherence to the recommended physical activity duration among Saudis with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Physical activity is important in managing type 2 diabetes, since it leads to better glycemic control, decreases macrovascular complications, and controls diabetes-related comorbidities. Objective: This study aimed to assess the levels of adherence to physical activity in Saudi adults with type 2 diabetes. Method: Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus who visited diabetes centers in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Hofuf and completed interviewer-administered electronic questionnaires between May 15 and November 31 in 2017 were included in this study. Data related to sociodemographic information, medical history, level of physical activity, and depression and anxiety were collected. In addition, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, and the most recent HbA1c, and fasting lipid profiles were obtained. Results: In total, 1,111 participants (65.2% women, mean age of 57.5 ± 11 years) were included in the analysis; 62.1% were obese (Body Mass Index [BMI] >30 kg/m2). Mean duration of DM was 13.8 ± 8.3 years. Approximately 75% of participants had uncontrolled diabetes (i.e. HbA1c ≥7%). Furthermore, only 30% adhered to the recommended physical activity duration of 150 min/week. Non-adherence to physical activity was associated with female sex, older age, low education, low economic status, longer disease duration, absence of family support, poor education from the physician or DM educator, and follow-up in health institutions other than the diabetes center. Conclusions: The majority of patients with T2DM in Saudi do not adhere to the recommended duration of physical activity. Sex, age, level of education, monthly income, disease duration, follow-up institution, among others, influenced adherence to physical activity.
Pharmacological Targeting of Microglial Activation: New Therapeutic Approach

Mounting evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is not just a consequence but a vital contributor to the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Microglia in particular, may contribute to the induction and modulation of inflammation in PD. Upon stimulation, microglia convert into activated phenotypes, which exist along a dynamic continuum and bear different immune properties depending on the disease stage and severity. Activated microglia release various factors involved in neuroinflammation, such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and prostaglandins (PGs). Further, activated microglia interact with other cell types (e.g., neurons, astrocytes and mast cells) and are closely associated with α-synuclein (α-syn) pathophysiology and iron homeostasis disturbance. Taken together, microglial activation and microglia-mediated inflammatory responses play essential roles in the pathogenesis of PD and elucidation of the complexity and imbalance of microglial activation may shed light on novel therapeutic approaches for PD.
Areca nut use disorder: A dynamic model map

Problem: Areca nut (AN) chewing is common among Southeast Asian population. Use of AN products (with or without tobacco) have a multifaceted effect on physical health, especially on cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, metabolic, respiratory, and reproductive systems. AN is a known group 1 carcinogen and carries addictive potential. Varying degrees of AN-related substance use disorder (SUD) have been reported among AN chewers. There is a lacuna in awareness of the health risk of AN use, prevention, and cessation programs among AN users, particularly in those who have developed SUD. Existing Lacunae: The dynamic interaction of factors that promote AN use and later the risk of developing SUD at individual and community level has not been studied in depth. Understanding of the bio-psycho-socio-economic-cultural factors is necessary to identify the factors that prelude, promote, and reinforce AN usage. For managing AN-related conditions, including the several systemic disorders, there is a knowledge lacunae, among health care providers with respect to the pathophysiology of AN-related health issues, SUD, and nonavailability of structured, evidence-based cessation protocols. Solutions/Recommendations: This manuscript presents a model-map to study the dynamics of AN use and the impact of AN on health and health care system at individual as well as community level. The model proposed can help the health policymakers to create evidence-based awareness and cessation protocols for AN.
Adaptive Multipath Selection-Based Markov Chain in the Heterogeneous Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new heterogeneous system integrated by the various end users (sensors and terminals) with different technologies. However, the limiting factor is bandwidth in the IoT due to the exploding end users and the network bandwidth requirements. A novel IoT model, which integrates the power-line carrier (PLC) and the wireless network (WN), is proposed to solve the bandwidth problem from the architecture, especially in the areas lacking network facilities. In addition, we exploit an effective virtual layer (EVL) which allows the different end users to access the system model seamlessly. Then, the attractor selection algorithm based on Markov chain (MASA) is employed to select an optimal path among the PLC or WN. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system model has the smaller average queuing delay than other algorithms and makes the model more stable and robust.
GizMO -- A Customizable Representation Model for Graph-Based Visualizations of Ontologies

Visualizations can support the development, exploration, communication, and sense-making of ontologies. Suitable visualizations, however, are highly dependent on individual use cases and targeted user groups. In this article, we present a methodology that enables customizable definitions for the visual representation of ontologies. The methodology describes visual representations using the OWL annotation mechanisms and separates the visual abstraction into two information layers. The first layer describes the graphical appearance of OWL constructs. The second layer addresses visual properties for conceptual elements from the ontology. Annotation ontologies and a modular architecture enable separation of concerns for individual information layers. Furthermore, the methodology ensures the separation between the ontology and its visualization. We showcase the applicability of the methodology by introducing GizMO, a representation model for graph-based visualizations in the form of node-link diagrams. The graph visualization meta ontology (GizMO) provides five annotation object types that address various aspects of the visualization (e.g., spatial positions, viewport zoom factor, and canvas background color). The practical use of the methodology and GizMO is shown using two applications that indicate the variety of achievable ontology visualizations.