Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TopicForest: A Prototype Discovery Engine

It is generally accepted that there are three types of web search queries: Navigational, transactional and informational [1]. Navigational queries occur when users want to navigate to specific web destinations, for example their favorite news websites. Transactional queries describe users who intend to make a web-mediated transaction and are looking for a few trustworthy parties for it. Searching for restaurants nearby could be seen as an example of a transactional query. Informational queries are issued by users who want to learn about a new, potentially broad topic such as ’Cancer’ or ’Middle East Politics’. In this case, due to the wide scope of the queries, the desired information might not reside in a single or few web documents but rather be scattered across many documents. In fact there could be several subtopics or aspects in the query domain [2] which might not be discussed in the same documents. Traditional Search Engines rank documents containing the query terms by relevance and are most effective when the few top ranked documents contain the required information. This model generally works very well for navigational and transactional queries by providing the users with the single or few desired web documents. However it does not fully meet the needs of informational queries because, as discussed above, the results of such broad queries tend not to be contained in a single or few documents. More importantly, the domain of an informational query may have different subtopics, some of which might not be covered at all in the top ranked search results of traditional Search Engines. In the case of broad informational queries, one method to address such shortcomings of traditional Search Engines could be through a new paradigm of presenting search results: Instead of returning a ranked list of documents, a hierarchical topical summary of the document set could be returned. For a given query the user can interactively navigate the topic hierarchy and gain an overview of the different topics in the domain of query before narrowing down on those of interest and eventually reaching individual documents. This provides a holistic view of the broad query domain and decreases the likelihood of users missing important sub-domains of the query subject. Such a tool could be called a Discovery Engine as opposed to a Search Engine. A Search Engine is most effective at returning one or few documents containing the specific information the user is searching for. On the other hand, the Discovery Engine is designed to help users discover interesting information about broad topics in large document sets. II. METHOD AND EVALUATION
The influence of human chorionic gonadotropin on hormonal and haematological profile of postpubertal male albino rats exposed to chronic oral administration of alcohol

This study evaluated the influence of human chorionic gonadotropin on hormonal and haematological profile of postpubertal male albino rats exposed to chronic oral administration of alcohol. Twenty-four mature male albino rats were assigned to four groups (n=6). Group A was the control, given distilled water, Group B was given 30% ethanol (8 ml/kg) orally 3 times a week, Group C was given human chorionic gonadotropin (HcG) (50 IU/kg) subcutaneously 3 times a week and Group D was given HcG (50 IU/kg) subcutaneously + 30% ethanol (8 ml/kg) orally 3 times a week. The study was for 10 weeks, and hormonal profile and haematology were determined. The follicle stimulating hormone of Group B decreased significantly (P<0.05) when compared to Groups A, C and D. The luteinizing hormone was significantly lower (P<0.05) in Group B when compared to Groups A, C and D. The testosterone level was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Group D when compared to Groups A, B and C. The results obtained from haematology indicated that haemoglobin concentration of Group B was significantly lower (P<0.05) when compared to Groups A, C and D. Ethanol significantly reduced (P<0.05) platelets when compared to Groups A, C and D. There was a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the neutrophils and lymphocytes in Group B when compared to Groups A, C and D. The study showed that HcG improves the level of male hormones and haematology in postpubertal albino rats exposed to chronic alcohol administration.
Anisotropy in electrical conduction of polypyrrole/polyethylene composite films by drawing

Polypyrrole/polyethylene composite films were prepared by vapor phase polymerization of pyrrole on porous polyethylene films using iron(III) chloride as an oxidant. By drawing the films before or after the polymerization of pyrrole, anisotropy in electrical conduction was observed parallel and perpendicular to the drawing direction. The effects of drawing on the conductivity and the mechanism of conduction are discussed in terms of the temperature dependence of the conductivity.
Semiconductor nanocrystals covalently bound to metal surfaces with self-assembled monolayers

A method is described for attaching semiconductor nanocrystals to metal surfaces using self-assembled difunctional organic monolayers as bridge compounds. Three different techniques are presented. Two rely on the formation of self-assembled monolayers on gold and aluminum in which the exposed tail groups are thiols. When exposed to heptane solutions of cadmium-rich nanocrystals, these free thiols bind the cadmium and anchor it to the surface. The third technique attaches nanocrystals already coated with carboxylic acids to freshly cleaned aluminum. The nanocrystals, before deposition on the metals, were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, resonance Raman scattering, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron diffraction. Afterward, the nanocrystal films were characterized by resonance Raman scattering, Rutherford back scattering (RBS), contact angle measurements, and TEM. All techniques indicate the presence of quantum confined clusters on the metal surfaces with a coverage of approximately 0.5 monolayers. These samples represent the first step toward synthesis of an organized assembly of clusters as well as allow the first application of electron spectroscopies to be completed on this type of cluster. As an example of this, the first X-ray photoelectron spectra of semiconductor nanocrystals are presented. 51 refs., 17 figs.
A Comprehensive Survey on Resource Management in Internet of Things

Efficient resource management is a challenging task in distributed systems, such as the Internet of Things, fog, edge, and cloud computing. In this work, we present a broad overview of the Internet of Things ecosystem and of the challenges related to managing its resources. We also investigate the need for efficient resource management and the guidelines given/suggested by Standard Development Organizations. Additionally, this paper contains a comprehensive survey of the individual phases of resource management processes, focusing on resource modeling, resource discovery, resource estimation, and resource allocation approaches based on performance parameters or metrics, as well as on architecture types. This paper presents also the architecture of a generic resource management enabler. Furthermore, we present open issues concerning resource management, pointing out the directions of future research related to the Internet of Things.
Makers and Takers: How We (Don't) Tax the Poor Reduces Support for Taxing and Redistribution

The United States tax system exempts 47% of people from paying federal income taxes. Because the median voter still pays income taxes, however, this difference in tax burden may undercut support for more expansive redistribution. We argue people think about taxation as a public goods problem in which everyone is required to contribute something. To test this hypothesis, we designed a pair of incentivized experiments in which taxing and spending policies are randomly paired. Supporting our expectations, we find that Americans (1) believe that policies that tax the poor are fairer and (2) are more likely to choose policies that tax the poor holding distributive outcomes constant. Further, in two rhetoric experiments we find respondents are less supportive of politicians who exempt the poor from paying taxes to finance expanded social programs. A more progressive tax in which the poor pay nothing may therefore paradoxically undercut total redistribution.
Programmes and methods for developing entrepreneurial skills in higher education

The development of entrepreneurial competences among graduates is considered an important resource in many countries, not only because through these competences graduates can better contribute to the economic well-being of their communities by creating enterprises but also because through them, they can better direct their career development in any sector. The most successful entrepreneurship education programmes combine the development of technical and transversal skills using specific methodologies. In this paper, we evaluate in a comparative way the extent to which university-based entrepreneurship education programmes in Italy, India and Nigeria use methods that develop participants' ability to move from ideation to the implementation of something new. The literature review shows some differences between the programmes and methods developed in the three countries but also some shared strategies in adopting lines of development aimed at increasing students' entrepreneurial skills.
Event related Potentials and its role as Endophenotypes in Psychiatry

Familial segregation is a norm rather than an exception in psychiatry. Genetic research has failed to provide much anticipated unanimous, if not awaited answers to the complex predispositions to psychiatric disorders. Hence, the concept of endophenotype took birth. Endophenotype is an attribute which is hidden phenotype, which is described as internal phenotypes discoverable by biochemical test or microscopic examination. This concept was immediately picked up by psychiatry, giving a totally new direction to the search for root cause of various psychiatric disorders.Cognitive deterioration is inseparable from psychiatric disorders, known since dawn of psychiatry. However, cognitive deficits in FDRs (First Degree Relatives) of psychiatric patients were one of the first endophenotypes noted. Event Related Potential (ERP), a science known to be electrophysiological counterpart of various cognitive processes, was soon incorporated in search of endophenotypes in psychiatry. In schizophrenia reduced amplitude of MMN(Mismatch negativity), impaired suppression of P50 and reduced amplitude of P300; reduced P300 amplitude, impaired P50 suppression in Bipolar Affective Disorders; reduced P300 amplitude in substance dependence disorders have been reported to have endophenotypic values. Various other ERP waves such as CNV, N400 have been investigated but no conclusive reports are out yet. The ultimate goal of this science is to search for genes governing the cognitive processes responsible for ERP waves identified as Endophenotypes for specific psychiatric disorders, and the search has just started.
Growth performance and immune response to Newcastle disease in four gene pools of indigenous chicken in Rwanda

In Rwanda, the most prevalent livestock farming activity carried out to improve livelihoods in rural areas is poultry farming. The most common bird species raised for egg and meat production is indigenous chicken (IC). Despite its economic signiﬁcance, the improvement programs in Rwanda have given IC little attention. There is, therefore, little documentation on their production and disease resistance performance. This study aimed at evaluating the growth performance and immunologic response of IC against Newcastle disease vaccine in four gene pools in Rwanda. One hundred eighty-nine (189) IC from four gene pools were kept on-station using a completely randomized design. Thereafter, the IC were vaccinated with a live commercial Newcastle disease virus. Data on body weight were collected weekly for 20 weeks whereas serum samples were collected after 35 days. Antibody responses were determined using indirect ELISA. Analysis of variance was performed using the SAS Generalised Linear Model procedure. Growth patterns were modelled using the logistic function. Results revealed a highly signiﬁcant difference (P<0.001) for growth performance and antibody response to Newcastle disease vaccine among the four gene pools. Gene pool A was the heaviest (1.6 kg) in the period of 20 weeks and gene pool C expressed the highest immune response (8,161antibody titres) for Newcastle disease vaccine (P<0.001). The results indicated that the selection of gene pool A in breeding could yield IC with good growth performance trait whilst gene pool C could be selected for its higher immunity against Newcastle disease virus.
hs-CRP level represents the disease burden and the age but not vulnerability of coronary atherosclerosis

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Study on Visualization of Different Teacher Behavior Based on Teacher Experience during Trial Class

A new teacher at an elementary school, junior high school, or a high school has to teach classes from the first day. However, new teachers often find teaching difficult in a real-world teaching environment. In this paper, we analyze the gestures and behaviors of a beginner teacher and an expert teacher with the aim of increasing the teaching quality of beginner teachers. Image processing technology was used to automatically report visualized results of teaching behaviors. We devised the following approach: (1) a new teacher conducts a class in an environment replicating a real class, (2) the class behavior of the new teacher is systematically evaluated, and (3) new teachers objectively look back at their classes and derive insights for their development. The aim of this research is to evaluate and visualize the behavior of teachers during classes, focusing on (2) and (3). Specifically, we took videos of a trial class of expert and beginner teachers using a video camera (third-person view) and egocentric vision. The egocentric vision recognizes objects using YOLO algorithm, while the third-person view classifies the teacher behavior using Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolution Networks (STGCN) based on Open Pose. Then, we analyzed the differences between expert teacher behavior and beginner teacher behavior and visualized the results. In the behavioral analysis at STGCN, ‘Writing on the board’ constituted 74.5% of the approach of beginner teachers and ‘Pointing to the board’ was 36.9%, whereas ‘Writing on the board’ was 33.1% of the approach of expert teachers. Further, in the behavioral analysis by the YOLO algorithm, ‘Writing on the board’ was 41.1% and ‘Talking at the front’ 57.8% for beginner teachers, and ‘Writing on the board’ was 25.3% and ‘Talking at the front’ 74.0% for expert teachers. In other words, we confirmed that the experts were conscious of the whole classroom, and that beginners tended to do lessons only by writing on the board. 
Isolation and Characterization of Fifteen Microsatellite Loci for the Use in Breeding of Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Lamiaceae)

Gmelina arborea (melina) is a valuable tree species throughout tropical areas, and there are extensive commercial plantations of this species in Southeast Asia, West Africa, and Latin America. As part of a research program for the genetic improvement and management of G. arborea at Instituto Tecn´ologico de Costa Rica, we developed, validated, and optimized ﬁfteen microsatellite loci. We used 23 clones belonging to ﬁve different companies currently using clonal selection to manage their commercial plantations. Our results showed that all ﬁfteen loci were polymorphic and together had 75 alleles (2-7 alleles/locus). We also found that eleven loci showed lower heterozygosity than expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). We calculated the genetic similarity among all clone pairs using the number of shared alleles to examine the potential of these loci for clone discrimination. Overall, pairwise similarity among clones ranged from 0.36 to 0.83, and our ﬁndings also showed that clones from the same commercial plantation tended to be more similar to each other than to clones from other plantations. These microsatellite loci will contribute toward the characterization of the genetic diversity, the identiﬁcation of elite clone lines for timber production, and breeding and adequate management of commercial plantations of G. arborea.
Wind to Ammonia: Electrochemical Processes in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

In this project, an alternative approach to synthesize ammonia electrochemically from wind energy, nitrogen gas, and ethanol is reported. Initial electrolyses have been attempted using room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) as the electrolyte solvent in the presence of lithium ions. Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salts of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidizolium (EMI-TFSI) and 1-Butyl-1methylpyrrolidinium (PYR14-TFSI) were tested in this investigation. These results are compared to the use of tetrahydrofuran as the solvent. The data suggests EMI-TFSI is not an appropriate ionic liquid for the lithium mediated reduction of N2, whereas the increased electrochemical stability of PYR14-TFSI offers greater promise. Current efficiencies (3.8%) for NH3 formation in THF are consistently higher than PYR14-TFSI at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. The amount of ammonia synthesized was quantified by performing the Berthelot reaction.
Supplementary Materials of Region Graph Embedding Network for Zero-Shot Learning

1 Other Approaches for Calculating Contrasting Class Similarity Suppose the l2-normalized attribute matrix w.r. t. the C s seen classes and C unseen classes are A ∈ RQ×Cs and B ∈ RQ×Cu , respectively. We have calculated the contrasting class similarity V ∈ RCu×Cs using least square regression (LSR) in Line 324 (§3.4) of the manuscript. We further assess the scalability of RGEN towards other types of calculating for V . Specifically, we take CUB [1] and AWA2 [2] as example datasets and compare the following three types of calculations for V : LSR: V = (BB + βI)BA. (1)
SEASONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATING CLOUD PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURES IN THE INLAND OF THE INDOCHINA PENINSULA: A LEGACY OF 16 YEARS OF THE TROPICAL RAINFALL MEASURING MISSION (TRMM) SATELLITE

Seasonal characteristics of cloud properties and structure based on mesoscale properties of precipitation systems over the inland Indochina Peninsula (IP) and surrounding regions during the years 1998-2013 were investigated in this study. Using daily product from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, the monsoon season, firstly, was demarcated to find onset and withdrawal dates for each year, and then to divide the period into the premonsoon, monsoon and postmonsoon seasons. In the 16-yr “climatology”, on average, the variations were found both in physical properties and structures of precipitation features (PFs) for each season. Based on applied definition, the intra-seasonal and the inter-seasonal variation of rainfall intensity and periodical duration length were considered to identify the seasonal period of each year. Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) played a significant role through their contribution of rainfall for all periods. Sub-MCSs were major contributors of rainfall during the postmonsoon season, while the highest percentage of intense MCSs (IMCSs) was found in the premonsoon season. The enhancement of IMCs for the premonsoon season is the largest over the inland IP based on microwave signal and radar reflectivity sensors. Distinct spatial concentration was found over west and north IP for sub-MCSs during monsoon seasons. Convection intensity proxies and vertical radar reflectivity demonstrate intra-seasonal variation over land, were identified through cumulative density function analysis by enhancement of MCSs during the premonsoon season. Spatial distribution of PFs based on maximum height cloud average over the inland IP has shown at height exceeding 8 km over the western inland IP during premonsoon season. Spatial variation of the microphysical structure of cloud is distinctly shown by seasons based on scattering of microwave signals, and lightning flash counts. The most frequent lightning was found during premonsoon season over inland IP, while the most flash count average was also found over inland IP especially over west, north in highland of IP during premonsoon season. Further study should be conducted to analyze on seasonal periods for understanding on the variations of microphysical structure and cloud properties. Key-words: TRMM 16 years, Cloud Structure, Indochina Peninsula, Convective Cloud, Precipitation Features
Controlled synthesis of uniform magnetite nanocrystals with high-quality properties for biomedical applications

Uniform iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles, with sizes in the range 9–22 nm, have been synthesized by thermal decomposition of an iron oleate complex in 1-octadecene, controlling reaction parameters related to the nucleation and growth processes. After transferring to water through a ligand substitution process, nanoparticles display very good magnetic and magneto-thermal properties. The relationship between these properties and the size and size distribution of the particles is discussed. The colloidal stability of the nanoparticles dispersed in common biological buffers has also been studied.
Automatic SARIMA Order Identification Convolutional Neural Network

—Deep learning concept is popularly used to solve a classification problem including the model identification in time series analysis. For the time series models such as the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model, statisticians mostly identify the ARIMA/SARIMA orders before building the forecasting model. To identify them, they investigate sample ACF and PACF to extract p , d , q while most researchers automate this step using the likelihood based-method via AIC ignoring the residual diagnostic. This paper uses ACF, PACF and differencing time series images as inputs to the convolutional neural network architecture that automatically identifies the ARIMA/SARIMA orders, called the automatic ARIMA order identification convolutional neural network (AOC). The performance of AOC outperforms the likelihood based-method in terms of identifying ARIMA order via precision, recall and f1-score. Moreover, AOC is extended to identify the SARIMA order, called the automatic SARIMA order identification convolutional neural network (ASOC). The performance of the ASOC model provides better performance than the likelihood method via precision, recall and f1-score.
An exploratory study to investigate possible simple descriptors in order to predict relative activity of antiepileptic enaminones

A general structure, substituent and activity relationship of the following type has been fitted to the available ED50 values of cyclic enaminone antiepileptic compounds: . In this relationship ‘structure’ was quantified by d, the distance measured between the carbonyl oxygen and the first atom of the aromatic ring. The ‘substituent’ was quantified by Hammett substituent constant: (σ). With the aid of the above function of two independent variables, a new molecular structure was predicted by extrapolation that has shown about two orders of magnitude greater activity than the most active molecule in the original set with measured ED50 values. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.