Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First-Stage Prostate Cancer Identification on Histopathological Images: Hand-Driven versus Automatic Learning

Analysis of histopathological image supposes the most reliable procedure to identify prostate cancer. Most studies try to develop computer aid-systems to face the Gleason grading problem. On the contrary, we delve into the discrimination between healthy and cancerous tissues in its earliest stage, only focusing on the information contained in the automatically segmented gland candidates. We propose a hand-driven learning approach, in which we perform an exhaustive hand-crafted feature extraction stage combining in a novel way descriptors of morphology, texture, fractals and contextual information of the candidates under study. Then, we carry out an in-depth statistical analysis to select the most relevant features that constitute the inputs to the optimised machine-learning classifiers. Additionally, we apply for the first time on prostate segmented glands, deep-learning algorithms modifying the popular VGG19 neural network. We fine-tuned the last convolutional block of the architecture to provide the model specific knowledge about the gland images. The hand-driven learning approach, using a nonlinear Support Vector Machine, reports a slight outperforming over the rest of experiments with a final multi-class accuracy of 0.876±0.026 in the discrimination between false glands (artefacts), benign glands and Gleason grade 3 glands.
Amplifying Voice in Organizations

We extend the field’s understanding of voice recognition by examining peer responses to voice. We investigate how employees can help peers get a status boost from voicing, while also raising their own status, by introducing the concept of amplification—public endorsement of another person’s contribution, with attribution to that person. In two experiments and one field study, we find that amplification enhances status both for voicers and for those who amplify voice. Being amplified was equally beneficial for voicers who framed their ideas promotively (improvement-focused) and prohibitively (problem-focused; Study 1), and for men and women (Study 2). Furthermore, amplified ideas were rated as higher quality than nonamplified ideas. Amplification also helped amplifiers: participants reading experimentally manipulated meeting transcripts rated amplifiers as higher status than those who self-promoted, stayed quiet, or contributed additional ideas (Studies 1 and 2). Finally, in an intervention in a nonprofit organization, select employees trained to use amplification attained higher status in their work groups (Study 3). In all, these results increase our understanding of how social actors can capitalize on instances of voice to give a status boost to voicers who might otherwise be overlooked, and help organizations realize the potential of employees’ diverse perspectives.
Evaluating Life Cycle of Buildings Using an Integrated Approach Based on Quantitative-Qualitative and Simplified Best-Worst Methods (QQM-SBWM)

Evaluating the life cycle of buildings is a valuable tool for assessing sustainability and analyzing environmental consequences throughout the construction operations of buildings. In this study, in order to determine the importance of building life cycle evaluation indicators, a new combination method was used based on a quantitative-qualitative method (QQM) and a simplified best-worst method (SBWM). The SBWM method was used because it simplifies BWM calculations and does not require solving complex mathematical models. Reducing the time required to perform calculations and eliminating the need for complicated computer software are among the advantages of the proposed method. The QQM method has also been used due to its ability to evaluate quantitative and qualitative criteria simultaneously. The feasibility and applicability of the SBWM were examined using three numerical examples and a case study, and the results were evaluated. The results of the case study showed that the criteria of the estimated cost, comfort level, and basic floor area were, in order, the most important criteria among the others. The results of the numerical examples and the case study showed that the proposed method had a lower total deviation (TD) compared to the basic BWM. Sensitivity analysis results also confirmed that the proposed approach has a high degree of robustness for ranking and weighting criteria.
Prey Abundance Regulating the Response of an Important Marine Eel Species Conger Myriaster Growth to Water Temperature

Whitespotted conger (Conger myriaster) is a commercially important species in East Asia but the fisheries stock has drastically declined in recent years. Environmental changes are assumed to have profound impacts on the growth pattern of this species, yet the mechanisms that regulate growth remain poorly understood. Here we used otolith measurements to establish growth chronologies of 9-year period (2010–2018) for whitespotted conger in the Yellow Sea and evaluated the effects of environmental variables on the growth pattern. Linear mixed-effects models were used to explain growth variation with abiotic and biotic environmental variables, including seasonal water temperature, prey availability, and population density, and to assess age-dependent responses in growth and the interactions between abiotic and biotic factors. The results indicated that the growth of whitespotted conger positively correlated with spring sea bottom temperature (March-May) and prey per capita, and the influence of prey availability became larger with increasing ages. The model detected significant negative interactions between sea temperature and prey availability, indicating a higher degree of temperature-dependent growth when prey availability was low. Our findings imply that the growth of whitespotted conger is less likely to be influenced by food availability when the spring water temperature is high in the Yellow Sea, and a combination of cold spring and low food availability may result in substantial constrained growth. This study provided the first evidence for the joint effects of abiotic and biotic factors on the growth variation of whitespotted conger, and the information may contribute to sustainable management policies.
Government and Intermediary Business Engagement for Controlling Electronic Waste in Indonesia: A Sustainable Reverse Logistics Theory through Customer Value Chain Analysis

Environmental pollution caused by the improper processing of electronic waste, especially from mobile phones, has increased drastically. Governments in developing countries, including Indonesia, have not been ready to face this problem. Informal groups are reacting very fast, growing and spreading evenly in many places to profit through reverse logistics activities. They dominate the markets of used electronic products. Today, eradicating these groups is impossible due to poverty, low education, and unemployment problems. Competing with them is also useless. Therefore, this research aims to find an engagement model between government and intermediary businesses, both formal and informal, for a sustainable purpose. Before determining the model, we must understand the intermediary businesses’ expectations. Therefore, we interviewed eight respondents that represent each business group and used customer value chain analysis to map them. We found forty-one expectations. Seven are the most common but are difficult to realize since they contradict government regulations. To cope with the urgency of the current situation, we concluded that the government should engage directly with the needs of these businesses, and we recommend three models of engagement i.e., empowerment, collaboration, and involvement.
Phenylselanyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitriles: synthesis, antioxidant properties and use as precursors to highly functionalized tetrazoles

We describe herein our results on the synthesis, antioxidant properties and chemical diversification of phenylselanyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitriles. These compounds were synthesized in high yields by the reaction of azidophenyl phenylselenides with a range of α-keto nitriles, using DMSO as the solvent in the presence of a catalytic amount of Et2NH (1 mol%). The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antioxidant activity and 5-phenyl-1-(2-(phenylselanyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitrile (3a) exhibited the highest antioxidant effect. In addition, the obtained triazoyl carbonitriles were readily transformed into more complex products via a cycloaddition protocol with NaN3, affording bifunctional hybrids containing triazole and tetrazole systems in good to excellent yields.
Dual‐phase structure design of Mn‐site nickel doping Li2MnSiO4@C cathode material for improved electrochemical lithium storage performance

The lithium transition metal orthosilicates (Li2MnSiO4) compounds are considered key materials for the next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, they exhibit poor electronic conductivity and structural stability. Herein, the dual‐phase (Pmn21, and Pn) coexisting Li2Mn1−xNixSiO4@C is prepared successfully via a two‐step calcination process to address the aforementioned problems. The orthorhombic Pmn21 and Pn phase are expected to bring well solid‐state Li diffusion properties (DLi+) and structural stability for electrode material, respectively. Also, the Ni doping and carbon coating are expected to raise electronic conductivity. Then, the electrochemical performance of LIBs utilizing LiMn0.995Ni0. 005SiO4@C, LiMn0.985Ni0. 015SiO4@C, and LiMn0.92Ni0. 08SiO4@C (ZNi‐02 to ZNi‐04) as cathode materials are investigated and compared with that of the LiB using Li2MnSiO4@C (ZNi‐01). The ZNi‐04 sample‐based LiB shows well DLi+ and a peak discharge capacity as high as 188.4 mAh g−1. In addition, the ZNi‐04 sample can still maintain a capacity of about 80 mAh g−1 at rate of 8 C. Such excellent electrochemical performance is ascribed to the synergistic effect of the dual‐phase coexistence, the proper amount of Ni doping, and surface coating of carbon, which enhances the electrical conductivity and structural stability. Thus, Li2Mn1−xNixSiO4@C has broad application chances as a high‐performance LIBs electrode material.
Equivalent Electrical Circuit Modeling of CNT-Based Transparent Electrodes

Among the various applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that have been investigated since the discovery of their exceptional potential in the electronic field, great interest has been directed towards the creation of carbon-based materials capable of replacing Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode. Such transparent conductive films find application in touch panels, LCD screens, OLED displays, photovoltaic cells, and many others. This review presents a collection of techniques that have been proposed during the last decade for the modeling of carbon nanotube-based materials by means of equivalent electrical networks. These networks represent the electrical properties of CNT-based conductive thin films in a way that can be easily included in circuit simulators for the simulation-assisted design of the different devices under static and dynamic conditions.
Intelligent, Nano-fertilizers: A New Technology for Improvement Nutrient Use Efficiency (Article Review)

Nano fertilizers are essential resources in agriculture in order to increase crop production, quality, productivity, and boost nutrient uptake. Nano-fertilizer is efficient for specific use of nutrients at appropriate time of plant growth and can provide nutrients as a whole with the crop. Growing crops with heavier fertilizer concentrations further increases may be limiting to crop growth due to nutrient toxicity. Nano-fertilizers provide more area for photosynthesis, leading to more sunlight absorption and greater yields of the crop. It will help plants survive challenging environmental factors such as drought. Limitations in agricultural land and water supplies can improve production land and water use productivity through the use of new technologies. Nanotechnology has the potential of transforming both personal use and development. Nanostructured formulations may also be developed in order to deliver active ingredients in response to environmental cues and biological demands more properly. The principle of fertilizer use is known to use less resource and to be free from chemical side effects. Nanotechnology has enormous potential to contribute significantly to sustainable agricultural production, particularly in developing countries.
Artificial Immune System for Fault Detection and Classification of Semiconductor Equipment

Semiconductor manufacturing comprises hundreds of consecutive unit processes. A single misprocess could jeopardize the whole manufacturing process. In current manufacturing environments, data monitoring of equipment condition, wafer metrology, and inspection, etc., are used to probe any anomaly during the manufacturing process that could affect the final chip performance and quality. The purpose of investigation is fault detection and classification (FDC). Various methods, such as statistical or data mining methods with machine learning algorithms, have been employed for FDC. In this paper, we propose an artificial immune system (AIS), which is a biologically inspired computing algorithm, for FDC regarding semiconductor equipment. Process shifts caused by parts and modules aging over time are main processes of failure cause. We employ state variable identification (SVID) data, which contain current equipment operating condition, and optical emission spectroscopy (OES) data, which represent plasma process information obtained from faulty process scenario with intentional modification of the gas flow rate in a semiconductor fabrication process. We achieved a modeling prediction accuracy of modeling of 94.69% with selected SVID and OES and an accuracy of 93.68% with OES data alone. To conclude, the possibility of using an AIS in the field of semiconductor process decision making is proposed.
A unified approach for analysing surface flow and groundwater induced slope instability

ABSTRACT The combined effects of transient, surface and subsurface flows and infiltration govern the rainfall-induced potential failure of unsaturated soil slopes stabilised by matric suction. In this paper, it is shown how fundamental fluid dynamics can be employed to closely model the above flow effects than the empirical Richard’s approach. The fluid dynamics-based Navier-Stokes formulation also facilitates the integration of the three modes of flow: (1) surface, (2) subsurface and (3) infiltration water flows, into a unified analytical model. Therefore, in contrast to previous studies, this fundamental approach can seamlessly incorporate the effects of continuous interplay between surface and subsurface water flows and the inertial terms of flow on the reduction of matric suction in unsaturated soils. Transient flow effects have been combined with geomechanics of unsaturated soil to demonstrate their impact on the stability of an embankment under a more realistic non-uniform rainfall. The innovative use of the laboratory-evaluated soil properties such as the hydraulic conductivity and porosity to express the drag force in the Navier-Stokes equations facilitates the examination of the sensitivity of slope stability to the relevant soil classification parameters.
New Business Segmentation for Haulage Industry in Malaysia

The haulage industry has the biggest fleets as compared to the others road trucking operators in Malaysia. The history of haulage industry started in 1971 until 2004 with five operators and in 2019 and above was recorded to 220 operators in the market. It was demonstrated with the open market which the growth of total fleet from 2,131 prime movers and 10,701 trailers before 2004 and more than 4,500 over prime movers and 31,500 over trailers in 2018 (AMH, 2018). The total number of prime movers and trailers had increased to 111% to overall fleets’ capacity. Haulage market which relate to container throughputs form 2009 - 2019 (ten-year) recorded at 16 million tues to 25 million teus in 2019 (UNCTAD 2019) which increased only by 65%. It was calculated on the surplus by 46 % of holding of prime movers in haulage industry at present. Apparently the market of haulage industry has stagnant and invite further sluggishness on haulage movements. The haulage operators had initiated to downsizing on the fleets due to unstable market and difficulty to sustain in their business. Therefore, the research suggests on appropriate ways to improve on the present condition and making more competitiveness of haulage industry. This research will investigate into three (3) segmentations such as reduction number of fleets, improvement on present activities and changing on other types of trucking businesses. The key respondents of the survey were the haulage operators, customers, government agency and other stakeholders. The survey was conducted among 200 respondents and at the end only 170 answers were accepted. The research uses SPSS version 25 and PLS-SEM to analyze from the collected data. The finding of the research has suggested that the three segmentations are the most appropriate ways to improve the present condition in haulage industry.
Stereotypically gay- and straight-sounding auditory cues change adolescent music students’ perceptions of men’s teaching effectiveness

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a stereotypically gay-sounding voice on middle- and high-schooler’s perceptions of teaching effectiveness. Participants (N = 273) listened to two men with stereotypically gay and straight voices, respectively, reading a short paragraph. Afterwards, they rated the likelihood of each speaker’s ability to demonstrate top skills and behaviors associated with effective music teaching and also predicted whether each man would be a band director, choir director, string orchestra director, or elementary general music teacher. The results from measurement invariance analysis show that participants rated the gay voice higher on measures of maintaining high musical standards and organization, whereas they rated the straight-sounding speaker higher on measures of leadership. The results from a multinomial logistic regression show that listeners predicted that the gay-sounding speaker would most likely be an elementary general music teacher and that the straight-sounding speaker would be a band director. The differences between these findings and prior research, nuance of leadership versus classroom management, and the need for further research on stereotypical voices are discussed.
A Review of Machine Translation for South Asian Low Resource Languages

Machine translation is an application of natural language processing. Humans use native languages to communicate with one another, whereas programming languages communicate between humans and computers. NLP is the field that involves a broad set of techniques for analysis, manipulation and automatic generation of human languages or natural languages with the help of computers. It is essential to provide access to information to people for their development in the present information age. It is necessary to put equal emphasis on removing the barrier of language between different divisions of society. The area of NLP strives to fill this gap of the language barrier by applying machine translation. One natural language is transformed into another natural language with the aid of computers. The first few years of this area were dedicated to the development of rule-based systems. Still, later on, due to the increase in computational power, there was a transition towards statistical machine translation. The motive of machine translation is that the meaning of the translated text should be preserved during translation. This research paper aims to analyse the machine translation approaches used for resource-poor languages and determine the needs and challenges the researchers face. This paper also reviews the machine translation systems that are available for poor research languages.
Response of Temperate Forest Ecosystems under Decreased Nitrogen Deposition: Research Challenges and Opportunities

Although past increases in emissions and atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) provided the impetus for extensive research investigating the effects of excess N in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, the Clean Air Act and associated rules have led to decreases in emissions and deposition of oxidized N, especially in the eastern U.S., but also in other regions of the world. Thus, research in the near future must address the mechanisms and processes of recovery for impacted forests as they experience chronically less N in atmospheric depositions. Recently, a hysteretic model was proposed to predict this recovery. By definition, hysteresis is any phenomenon in which the state of a property depends on its history and lags behind changes in the effect causing it. Long-term whole-watershed additions of N at the Fernow Experimental Forest allow for tests of the ascending limb of the hysteretic model and provide an opportunity to assess the projected changes following cessation of these additions. A review of 10 studies published in the peer-reviewed literature indicate there was a lag time of 3–6 years before responses to N treatments became apparent. Consistent with the model, I predict significant lag times for recovery of this temperate hardwood ecosystem following decreases in N deposition.
Repeated Batch-Fed Bioevaporation of Food Waste Using Biofilm-Developed Sponge

ABSTRACT By aerobically cultivating the fragmented sponge in synthetic wastewater containing activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), biofilm was developed on its surface, and this biofilm-containing sponge was used as a bulking agent and microbial carrier for food waste (FW) bioevaporation. The water of the FW was evaporated by metabolic heat released from the aerobic microbial degradation of the volatile solids (VS) contained in FW. Repeated running of FW bioevaporation for 10 cycles was successful in that 85–96% of the H2O added as FW was removed by consuming 56–71% of the FW VS during the second to tenth cycles. For the first cycle, it was found by microbial community analysis using a pyrosequencing technique that heat production was less than subsequent cycles (second to tenth cycles) because thermophilic microorganisms were not fully developed yet. From the second to tenth cycles, thermophilic bacteria, mostly belonging to the genus Bacillus, accounted for 43–83% of the total population, whereas less than 1% was identified as Bacillus among microorganisms contained in the FW, fresh biofilm, and the feed (mixture of FW and biofilm-developed sponge). B. thermolactics, B. coagulans, and Pseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis were the major species in the second to tenth cycles of the bioevaporation process. It was also found that the accumulated VS was further degraded by adding water into the bioevaporation reactor. From these results, it was concluded that repeated bioevaporation was possible by using biofilm-developed sponge.
Thermal Stresses in an Elastic Clamped Square: Exact Solution

This paper presents a method for determining thermal stresses in an elastic clamped square with a given temperature distribution (the plane problem). First, the solution to the temperature problem for an infinite plane is constructed. Then, the solution for a square is added to this solution, with the help of which the boundary conditions on its sides are satisfied. The thermal stresses have been obtained in the form of series in Papkovich–Fadle eigenfunctions, the coefficients of which are determined explicitly. The final formulas are simple and can easily be used in engineering.