Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative asymptotic equivalence between difference equations

In this paper we study the relative asymptotic equivalence between the solutions of the following two difference equations in a Banach space Zwhere , and the function is small enough in some sense. The discrete dichotomy definition and a discrete version of Rodrigues Inequality are the main tools in obtaining our results: Given a solution of the unperturbed system, we provide sufficient conditions to prove that there exists a family of solutions for the perturbed system such that Conversely, given a solution of the perturbed system having Lyapunov number , we prove that under certain conditions, there exists a family of solutions for the unperturbed system, such that
( Termitomyces microcarpus ) และปลวกเพาะเลี้ยงราที่สัมพันธ์กับเห็ดโคนข้าวตอก Species Identification of Termitomyces microcarpus and Its Fungus - growing Termite Symbionts

Termite mushrooms are known to have a symbiotic relationship with fungus - growing termites . Despite high diversity of both fungus - growing termites and their fungal symbionts in Thailand, the detail about species identification and systemic study about their relationship is little . Thus, the aims of this study are to identify termite mushrooms and fungus - growing termites using morphological characteristics together with DNA barcoding to confirm species, and to study relationship between fungus - growing termites and termite mushrooms . In this study, we focused on Termitomyces microcarpus collected from Sakaerat Biosphere Reserves We identified 10 samples of T . microcarpus and confirmed that they were identical to Termitomyces sp . Group3 and T . microcarpus in the GenBank database ( 99 - 100 % identity ) , consistent with their morphological characters . Furthermore, we found that four termite species from four termite nests were related with T . microcarpus . The result showed that these mushrooms have low specific interaction with termites because T . microcarpus were related with more than two termite genera ( Macrotermes , Odontotermes and Hypotermes ). Two of the fungus - growing termite species ( Macrotermes annandalei and Hypotermes makhamensis ) associated with this mushroom had 97 % identity with the termite species in the databases, suggesting that they were belonging to different subspecies that did not have the sequences in the database . Thus, further study of fungus growing termites in Thailand will be helpful to increase the information in the database and facilitate species identification by DNA barcoding .
Research Online Research Online A Privacy-Preserving Fog Computing Framework for Vehicular A Privacy-Preserving Fog Computing Framework for Vehicular Crowdsensing Networks Crowdsensing Networks

Abstract Recently, the study of road surface condition monitoring has drawn great attention to improve traffic efficiency and road safety. As a matter of fact, this activity plays a critical role in the management of the transportation infrastructure. Trustworthiness and individual privacy affect the practical deployment of the vehicular crowdsensing network. Mobile sensing as well as contemporary applications is made use of problem solving. The fog computing paradigm is introduced to meet specific requirements, including mobility support, low latency, and location awareness. The fog-based vehicular crowdsensing network is an emerging transportation management infrastructure. Moreover, the fog computing is effective to reduce the latency and improve the quality of service. Most of the existing authentication protocols cannot help the drivers to judge a message when the authentication on the message is anonymous. In this paper, a fog-based privacy-preserving scheme is proposed to enhance the security of the vehicular crowdsensing network. Our scheme is secure with the security properties, including non-deniability, mutual authentication, integrity, forward privacy, and strong anonymity. We further analyze the designed scheme, which can not only guarantee the security requirements, but also achieve higher efficiency with regards to computation and communication compared with the existing schemes. ABSTRACT Recently, the study of road surface condition monitoring has drawn great attention to improve the trafﬁc efﬁciency and road safety. As a matter of fact, this activity plays a critical role in the management of the transportation infrastructure. Trustworthiness and individual privacy affect the practical deployment of the vehicular crowdsensing network. Mobile sensing as well as the contemporary applications are made use of problem solving. The fog computing paradigm is introduced to meet speciﬁc requirements, including the mobility support, low latency, and location awareness. The fog-based vehicular crowdsensing network is an emerging transportation management infrastructure. Moreover, the fog computing is effective to reduce the latency and improve the quality of service. Most of the existing authentication protocols cannot help the drivers to judge a message when the authentication on the message is anonymous. In this paper, a fog-based privacy-preserving scheme is proposed to enhance the security of the vehicular crowdsensing network. Our scheme is secure with the security properties, including non-deniability, mutual authentication, integrity, forward privacy, and strong anonymity. We further analyze the designed scheme, which can not only guarantee the security requirements but also achieve higher efﬁciency with regards to computation and communication compared with the existing schemes.
Characterization and operation optimization of large aperture optical interferometers using binary pseudorandom array test standards

Recently, a technique for calibration of the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of a broad variety of metrology instrumentation has been established. The technique is based on test samples structured according to binary pseudorandom (BPR) one-dimensional sequences and two-dimensional arrays. The inherent power spectral density of BPR gratings and arrays, has a deterministic white-noise-like character that allows a direct determination of the MTF with a uniform sensitivity over the entire spatial frequency range and field-of-view of an instrument. As such, the BPR samples satisfy the characteristics of a test standard: functionality, ease of specification and fabrication, reproducibility, and low sensitivity to manufacturing error. Here we discuss our recent developments working with support of the U.S. Department of Energy on industrialization of the technique. The goal is to develop affordable BPR test samples, application procedures, and data processing software, suitable for thorough characterization of optical interferometers and microscopes, as well as x-ray, electron (scanning and transmission), and atomic force microscopes. We report on the development of BPR array test samples optimized for advanced characterization (including the instrumental MTF and aberrations) and operation optimization of large aperture optical interferometers. We describe the sample fabrication process and tests to verify the compliance to desired surface topography. The data acquisition and analysis procedures for application of the technique for precise focusing of Fizeau interferometer are discussed in detail.
Dynamic Resource Allocation And Job Scheduling To Enhance The Performance Of HPC With SDN - A Review

: Conventional job management systems (JMS) consider physical resources alone as computational resources. Computational resources are relegated an assignment as calculation of nodes in HPC (High Performance Computing) cluster systems and the job procedures are executed legitimately on the allotted computing nodes. It is seen that the decrease in network latency and better bandwidth usage in SDN is accomplished just when it has dynamic allocation of resources and job scheduling standards. In this way in this survey it is outlined about different successful dynamic resource allocation schemes alongside better job scheduling techniques. On a similar time the slacking in every strategy are talked about and from that the answer for improving the resource allocation in HPC discovered. In this way this review may give an approach to define better and proficient resource allocation and job scheduling schemes to improve the performance of HPC with SDN.
Optimization and Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Capcicum annuum Using Response Surface Methodology

— he interest in the consumption of Peppers (Capsicum annum) is to a large extent due to its content of bioactive compounds and their importance as dietary antioxidants. Peppers are used as a colorant, flavourant, and as a source of pungency. Green chilli is good source of vitamin C, beta-carotene. Flavonoids, organic and phenolic acids are act as antioxidants. The antioxidant activity in (Capsicum annum), the free radical scavenging abilities of GCP (green chilli paste) determined by Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay method. Natural antioxidants are preferred because synthetic antioxidants are considered carcinogenic. In the present day, effect of solvent extraction on recovery of phenolic compounds from GCP was investigated. Operational parameters of solvent extraction were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. GAE was used as standard in measurement by UV/Visible Spectrophotometer.
Trajectory Data Mining: a Novel Distance Measure

— There is currently an increasing availability of large spatiotemporal datasets. Sequences of spatiotemporal data or paths, also known as trajectories, can be captured by modern technology and stored in moving-object databases (MOD) or a trajectory data warehouse. It is a common challenge for knowledge discovery within MODs to query proximities and distances, e.g. in clustering trajectories. Previously adopted distance measures focus on the complexity of geometric and/or mathematical models of trajectories, while ignoring several aspects common to all spatiotemporal trajectories, e.g. direction, distance covered, and duration. This research introduces a more comprehensive approach for trajectory distance measurement in spatiotemporal applications. The approach is simplified, yet novel, introducing a new set of dimensional variables, therefore called the Multi-Dimensional Trajectory Distance Measure (MTDM). The accuracy and relevance of MTDM is evaluated in experiments using multiple proximity metrics, for example MTDM based on Euclidean proximity calculation. A geospatial data analysis framework is utilized in the experiments. Efficiency evaluation of MTDM showed the feasibility of applying the measure to various trajectory datasets.
Changes in Structure and Methylation Pattern in a Cluster of Thymidine Kinase Genest

Cell line 101 is a thymidine kinase (TK)-positive derivative of Ltk- which contains ca. 20 copies of the herpes simplex virus TK gene organized in a tandem array. DNA methylation at three sites within the gene and flanking sequences was inversely correlated with expression: the sites were unmethylated in line 101, methylated in each of 4 TK-negative derivatives of 101, and unmethylated in each of 21 TK-positive derivatives derived from them. The same three sites were affected in most of the 20 copies of the TK gene, whereas other sites between them were not affected. Although the entire gene cluster was never lost, indicating that integration into the genome was stable, internal rearrangements occurred at a high frequency. The rearrangements had no obvious correlation with the state of methylation or with the expression of the genes.
Packet Misrouting Attacks in Multi Radio Wireless Networks: Detection and Countermeasure

— Stealthy packet dropping is a suite for attack such as misrouting and that can be easily launched against multiradio wireless networks. Stealthy packet dropping disrupts the packet from reaching the destination through malicious behavior at an intermediate node. However, the malicious node gives the impression to its neighbors that it performs the legitimate forwarding action. Moreover, a legitimate node comes under suspicion. A popular method for detecting attacks in wireless networks is behavior-based detection performed by normal network nodes through overhearing the communication in their neighborhood. We show that local monitoring, and the wider class of overhearing-based detection, cannot detect stealthy packet dropping attacks. Additionally, it mistakenly detects and isolates a legitimate node. We present a protocol called SADEC that can detect and isolate stealthy packet dropping attack efficiently. SADEC presents two techniques that can be overlaid on baseline local monitoring: having the neighbors maintain additional information about the routing path and adding some checking responsibility to each neighbor. Additionally, SADEC provides an innovative mechanism to better utilize local monitoring by considerably increasing the number of nodes in a neighborhood that can do monitoring.
High-resolution 3D refractive index microscopy of multiple-scattering samples from intensity images : supplementary material

This document provides supplementary information to “High-resolution 3D refractive index microscopy of multiple-scattering samples from intensity images,” https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.6. 001211 . We first show 3D refractive-index reconstruction of a simulated multiple-scattering phantom. We next describe the experimental preparation protocols used to prepare the biological samples visualized in the main text. We then detail the intuitive basis for the overlapping circles in Fourier spectra that occur when imaging a weakly scattering object, as used in our angle-calibration step. We follow with a demonstration of the importance of regularization in 3D computational reconstruction. We also describe the procedure used to register and blend together individual reconstructed volumes-of-interest to synthesize a final volume of the whole C. elegans worm. Lastly, we compare the reconstruction fidelities enabled by the multi-slice beam propagation (MSBP) method with those enabled by the 1 st Born approximation. This comparison is conducted with the samples presented in the main text, to highlight that the MSBP method is uniquely suited for multiple-scattering biological samples.
FIRST PASSAGE TIMES FOR THRESHOLD GROWTH DYNAMICS ON Z2 By Janko Gravner and David Griffeath University of California–Davis and University of Wisconsin–Madison

In the threshold growth model on an integer lattice, the occupied set grows according to a simple local rule: a site becomes occupied iff it sees at least a threshold number of already occupied sites in its prescribed neighborhood. In this paper, we analyze the behavior of two-dimensional threshold growth dynamics started from a sparse Bernoulli density of occupied sites. We explain how nucleation of rare centers, invariant shapes and interaction between growing droplets influence the first passage time in the supercritical case. We also briefly address scaling laws for the critical case.
BELIEF - A semiautomatic workflow for BEL network creation

In order to build networks for systems biology from the literature an UIMA based extraction workflow using various named entity recognition processes and different relation extraction methods has been composed. The Unstructured Information Management architecture (UIMA) is a Ja-va-based framework that allows assembling com-plicated workflows from a set of NLP components. The new system is processing scientific articles and is writing the open-access biological expression language (BEL) as output. BEL is a machine and human readable language with defined knowledge statements that can be used for knowledge representation, causal reasoning, and hypothesis generation. In order to curate the automatically derived BEL statements, our workflow integrates a curation interface that provides access to BEL statements generated by text mining and that integrates supporting information to facilitate manual curation. By using the semi-automated curation pipeline, expert time to model relevant causal relationships in BEL could be significantly reduced. In this paper the UIMA workflow and key features of the curation interface are described.
The Service Sector and Female Market Work: Europe vs US ∗

Aggregate market hours diﬀer dramatically across OECD countries. However, disaggregated by sex diﬀerences in market hours do not necessarily match aggregate market hour diﬀerences. Continental Europe has seen a smaller rise in formal female employment compared with the United States or Scandinavia. Additionally, Continental Europe has a substantially smaller service sector. These facts coincide with job requirements shifting from physical strength to intellectual abilities. This paper gives empirical evidence on why women predominately work in the service sector. Given the empirical evidence, a model where technical change favoring women, by increasing the service sector, drives female employment is developed. The key is households can produce a substitute for market services and women are, on average, less productive in sectors requiring more brawn, giving them a comparative advantage with respect to staying home and working in the service sector. Therefore, an economy that does not facilitate the movement of women into the labor market, by imposing high taxes, causes service production to remain at home. This reduces the demand for market services, which feeds back into low total hours worked by women (and the total economy). Subsidies to female employment can circumvent the high tax eﬀect, but will lead to welfare loses.
Field Sensitivity of European wheat to extreme weather

The frequency and intensity of extreme weather is increasing concomitant with changes in the global climate change. Although wheat is the most important food crop in Europe, there is currently no comprehensive empirical information available regarding the sensitivity of European wheat to extreme weather. In this study, we assessed the sensitivity of European wheat yields to extreme weather related to phenology (sowing, heading) in cultivar trials across Europe (latitudes 37.21° to 61.34° and longitudes − 6.02° to 26.24°) during the period 1991 – 2014. All the observed agro-climatic extremes ( ≥ 31 °C, ≥ 35 °C, or drought around heading; ≥ 35 °C from heading to maturity; excessive rainfall; heavy rainfall and low global radiation) led to marked yield penalties in a selected set of European cultivars, whereas few cultivars were found to with no yield penalty in such conditions. There were no European wheat cultivars that responded positively (+10%) to drought after sowing, or frost during winter ( − 15 °C and − 20 °C). Positive responses to extremes were often shown by cultivars associated with speci ﬁ c regions, such as good performance under high temperatures by southern-origin cultivars. Consequently, a major future breeding challenge will be to evaluate the potential of combining such cultivar properties with other properties required under di ﬀ erent growing conditions with, for example, long day con- ditions at higher latitudes, when the intensity and frequency of extremes rapidly increase.
Secure Data Sharing Using Mobile Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is another worldview in which registering assets such a s preparing, memory, and capacity are not physically display at the client's area or maybe, an authority association has and manages these benefits, and customers get to them by methods for the Internet. Reports suggest that there are a couple of points of interest in moving figuring from the work region to the cloud. The basic necessities for flexible handling are confined imperatives and remote transmission limit. Distributed computing can give vitality reserve funds as a support of versatile client; however, it likewise represents some interesting difficulties. It gets figure cipher text policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE), a passage control advancement used in run of the mill cloud condition, yet changes the structure of access control tree to make it suitable for compact cloud circumstances. Secure information sharing moves an extensive portion of the computational concentrated access control tree change in figure content approach quality-based encryption from Personal Digital Assistants to outside middle person servers. The preliminary outcomes exhibit that sheltered data sharing can satisfactorily diminish the overhead on the mobile phone side when customers are sharing data in convenient cloud circumstances. The trial results demonstrate that safe information sharing can adequately lessen the overhead on the cell phone side when clients are sharing information in portable cloud conditions.
Comparative transcriptome profiling of maize ( Zea mays L.) coleoptilar nodes during shoot-borne root initiation

Maize ( Zea mays L.) develops an extensive shoot-borne root system to secure water and nutrient uptake and to provide anchorage in the soil. In the present study, early coleoptilar node (first shoot-node) development was subjected to a detailed morphological and histological analysis. Subsequently, microarray profiling via hybridization of oligonucleotide microarrays representing transcripts of 31,355 unique maize genes at three early stages of coleoptilar node development was performed. These pairwise comparisons of wild-type versus mutant rtcs coleoptilar nodes which do not initiate shoot-borne roots revealed 828 unique transcripts that displayed RTCS-dependent expression. A stage specific GO enrichment analysis revealed overrepresentation of “cell wall”, “stress” and “development” related transcripts among the differentially expressed genes. Differential expression of a subset of 15 of 828 genes identified by these microarray experiments was independently confirmed by qRT-PCR. In silico promoter analyses revealed that 100 differentially expressed genes contained at least one LBD motif within 1 kb upstream of the ATG start codon. EMSA (Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay) experiments demonstrated RTCS binding for four of these promoter sequences, supporting the notion that differentially accumulated genes containing LBD motifs are likely direct downstream targets of RTCS.
n + 1 -Parameter singular fractional diﬀerential equation

: In this paper, we will study the nonlinear Langevin equation that includes n + 1 fractional order 0 < α i ≤ 1 , i = 1 , n + 1 and some terms. According to Banach’s contraction theorem and Krasnoselski’s ﬁxed point theorem, we obtain the results of the existence and uniqueness of the solutions. With some examples.
in with a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial

on day placebo Randomisation randomisation by Investigators, clinicians, and masked defined self-report having used bidis, a smokeless biochemically by a breath carbon monoxide reading of than 10 parts per million. Primary and safety analysis done population. registered Randomised Clinical complete. group and 46 (3·7%) of 1233 participants in the placebo group reported serious adverse events (94 events in the cytisine group and 90 events in the placebo group), which included 91 deaths (49 in the cytisine group and 42 in the placebo group). None of the adverse events were attributed to the study medication. Interpretation Our findings do not support the addition of cytisine to brief behavioural support for the treatment of tobacco dependence in patients with tuberculosis.