Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two dimensional finite element estimation of calcium ions in presence fo NCX and Buffers in Astrocytes

Sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) plays effective role in signal transduction in most of the nerve cells like neuron, astrocytes. Sodium ion affects the cytosolic calcium concentration label in Astrocytes via various channels. This affects the movement of the nerve impulse from one cell to other cell. In this paper two dimensional model is developedin the form of diffusion equation to study the effect of NCX in presence and negligence of buffer in Astrocytes. Finite element method is employed to solve the problem and simulated in Matlab to estimate the affect of various parameter like flux, diffusion coefficient, buffer concentration, etc.
HEAT INTENSITY OF URBAN BUILT ENVIRONMENT IN HOT HUMID CLIMATE REGION

Large numbers of inhabitants in a dense area requir e land coverage for sheltering purposes. The anthropogenic heat emission potentially reduces ven tilation of urban areas and significantly brings ch anges in air temperature. This study is aimed at finding the correlations between urban form and the alterat ion of urban microclimate in different land-uses. This stu dy has been carried out in Bandung, Indonesia, in i ts educational, high dense settlement and industrial a reas, covering around 37 ha each. The measurement of air Temperature (Ta), globe Temperature (Tg) and wind speed (Va) describes mean radiant Temperature (Tmrt), which gives direct impact on the quality of outdoor spaces in urbanized areas. 3D modeling bas ed on a Sketch-up and introducing Chronolux, as a simp le model has given a description of the Sky View Factor (SVF) in urban form. Urban form that is pres ented by building coverage is giving significant im pact to Tmrt as shown in high-dense settlement with R = 0.82. Tmrt and SVF at all study areas show positive correlations, eventhough not insignificant values w here at educational area R = 0.029; meanwhile at hi ghdense settlement R = 0.2 and finally at industrial area R = 0.28.
The climate impact of ship NO x emissions: an improved estimate accounting for plume chemistry

Abstract. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from maritime shipping produce ozone (O3) and hydroxyl radicals (OH), which in turn destroy methane (CH4). The balance between this warming (due to O3) and cooling (due to CH4) determines the net effect of ship NOx on climate. Previous estimates of the chemical impact and radiative forcing (RF) of ship NOx have generally assumed that plumes of ship exhaust are instantly diluted into model grid cells spanning hundreds of kilometers, even though this is known to produce biased results. Here we improve the parametric representation of exhaust-gas chemistry developed in the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM) to provide the first estimate of RF from shipping that accounts for sub-grid-scale ship plume chemistry. The CTM now calculates O3 production and CH4 loss both within and outside the exhaust plumes and also accounts for the effect of wind speed. With the improved modeling of plumes, ship NOx perturbations are smaller than suggested by the ensemble of past global modeling studies, but if we assume instant dilution of ship NOx on the grid scale, the CTM reproduces previous model results. Our best estimates of the RF components from increasing ship NOx emissions by 1 Tg(N) yr−1 are smaller than that given in the past literature: + 3.4 ± 0.85 mW m−2 (1σ confidence interval) from the short-lived ozone increase, −5.7 ± 1.3 mW m−2 from the CH4 decrease, and −1.7 ± 0.7 mW m−2 from the long-lived O3 decrease that accompanies the CH4 change. The resulting net RF is −4.0 ± 2.0 mW m−2 for emissions of 1 Tg(N) yr−1. Due to non-linearity in O3 production as a function of background NOx, RF from large changes in ship NOx emissions, such as the increase since preindustrial times, is about 20% larger than this RF value for small marginal emission changes. Using sensitivity tests in one CTM, we quantify sources of uncertainty in the RF components and causes of the ±30% spread in past model results; the main source of uncertainty is the composition of the background atmosphere in the CTM, which is driven by model formulation (±10 to 20%) and the plausible range of anthropogenic emissions (±10%).
Natural vibration analysis of tensioned risers by segmentation method

The natural vibration of deepwater tensioned uniform risers is analysed. The riser is considered as both a cable and a beam due to the fairly weak flexural stiffness. The exact and asymptotic solutions of the cable differential equation are presented. The beam vibration is determined by modifying the cable solution for each halfwave of the natural mode which are called segments . The simplified analytical procedure is verified by the finite element method. Very valuable conclusions are drawn on riser dynamic behaviour in the lower and higher frequency domain. The main application of the study is the assessment of forced vortexinduced riser vibration.
Induction of Resistance against Sorghum Downy Mildew by Seed Treatment with Duranta repens Extracts

Induction of resistance against plant diseases by seed treatment is simple, cost effective and an efficient strategy for disease management. Aqueous extracts of three plants namely, Duranta repens, Polyalthia longifolia and Parthenium hysterophorus were evaluated for induction of resistance against sorghum downy mildew at 2.5% and 5% concentrations by seed dip method. Seeds were dipped for 3 h, followed by decanting and incubation to obtain sprouts. The sprouts obtained after 42 h incubation were inoculated by dipping in conidial suspension, planted in pots and raised in greenhouse conditions to observe systemic disease incidence. Duranta repens extract at 2.5% and 5% concentrations provided protection of 50.9% and 85% respectively, as against 38.5% protection provided by positive control. Biochemical analysis showed enhanced levels of defence enzymes PAL and POX in plant extract-treated seedlings. Evaluation of 6 solvent fractions of D. repens revealed disease protection by almost all fractions, indicating synergistic effect by various biochemicals. The method is helpful to attain goal of sustainable agriculture with biological and ecological safety. The novel method developed in the present investigation of using weight of seedlings as indicator of health index is effective and more convenient as compared to measurement of root and shoot lengths.
Free verbalizations analysis of the perception of noise and vibration in cars at idle

This study dealt with comfort in diesel cars running at idle. A reproduction bench was used to reproduce vertical vibrations of the seat, vibrations of the steering wheel and noise at the ears of the driver. A paired comparison test was conducted, involving stimuli recorded in seven cars, among which four were equipped with a 3 cylinders engine. 30 people participated to that experiment. The task of a subject was to evaluate the similarity between the two simulated situations of the pair, indicate which one was the most comfortable and, freely express the similar and different features of the stimuli and explain the reasons of their choice. Those free verbalizations were recorded and carefully analysed, which gave useful information about the way sound and vibrations were perceived and participated to the evaluation of overall comfort. Also, the similarity evaluations were analysed through a multi-dimensional scaling technique to establish the perceptive space. These two analysis gave the following results : words used by subjects to describe vibrations were much less than those used to describe noises, which indicates a smaller description capacity of the subjects; verbalisations were very helpful for the understanding of the perceptive space : the three first axes of that space could be related to the irregularity of stimuli (especially important for 3 cylinders cars), the amplitude of steering wheel vibrations and the pleasantness of noise, as described by subjects.
The Effect of Organizational Culture and Manufacturing Strategy on Firm Performance through Business Process Re-engineering

Many studies have focused on the direct impact of organizational culture, business process re-engineering, manufacturing strategy on the firm performance. This study examined the impact of organizational culture and manufacturing strategy on organization performance through business process re-engineering. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to 111 respondents representing 37 cosmetics manufacturing firms located in the region of East Java, Indonesia. Statistical analysis was performed using partial least square (PLS) software. The result concluded that there was a direct influence on organizational culture, manufacturing strategy on firm performance. The mediating role of business process re-engineering on firm performance exists and significant. Manufacturing strategy gives greater impact on firm performance than organizational culture does.
STEERABLE ANTENNA USING ALGORITHM BASED ON DOWNHILL SIMPLEX METHOD

Electronically steerable passive array radiator(ESPAR) antennas are expected to gain prominence in the fleld of wireless communication, because they can be steered toward a desired signal and they can eliminate interference; in addition, they have a very simple architecture that has signiflcantly low power consumption and are inexpensive to manufacture. In this paper, we proposed an ESPAR antenna that has fastest convergence time. The downhill simplex method is used to maximize the correlation coe-cient between the received signal and the reference signal. The simulation results indicate that this antenna can be steered toward the desired signal if one signal is used; in addition, it can eliminate interference if two signals, namely, the desired signal and the interference are used by automatically varying the reactance values.
Confirmation by Explanation: A Bayesian Justification of IBE

We provide a novel Bayesian justification of inference to the best explanation (IBE). More specifically, we present conditions under which explanatory considerations can provide a significant confirmatory boost for hypotheses that provide the best explanation of the relevant evidence. Furthermore, we show that the proposed Bayesian model of IBE is able to deal naturally with the best known criticisms of IBE such as van Fraassen? s ? bad lot? argument.
A new approach to the room impulse response simulation

The most important problem of room acoustics is the evaluation of the acoustic quality of projected and modernized rooms. To this end it is necessary to work out a calculating impulse response algorithm for a digital room model. The virtual rooms impulse response manners of modeling are described in the article. The impulse response synthetic models have been evaluated on the basis of selected numerical factors and a simple auditory test. Thanks to the impulse response calculation it is possible to evaluate the subjective and objective room acoustic properties and hence to run the room simulation tests (the sound sources configuration, the room planning) in order to reach optimal solutions, which meet a given criterion. The problems described are related to the ''virtual sound space'' concept. Intuitively, we mean by this a sound reality model, which enables, on the basis of the model and measurement data, an audio impressions simulation of the existing and being under projection acoustic systems. A basic process, which enables the sound reception, is the test signal and the impulse response convolution.
GPGPU Monte Carlo Calculation of Gyro-Phase Resolved Fast Ion and n-State Resolved Neutral Deuterium Distributions

In order to calculate the fast particle instability drive in a neutral beam or ICRH heated tokamak plasma, it is necessary to construct a fast ion distribution function F that is both a) high resolution and b) smooth, as drive and damping terms depend upon gradients in real and velocity space. We describe briefly here, a new Monte Carlo algorithm (LOCUST-GPU), designed to calculate the full gyro-orbit (rather than guiding centre), high resolution, fast ion distribution without the need for any post-process smoothing. The code uses the latest generation of GPGPU co-processor hardware, with the tracking algorithm cast across multiple GPUs using OpenMP threads, deployed as a PGI-FORTRAN CUDA kernel on each GPU device (with sum reduction of the GPU threads taking place on the CPU host). For toroidally symmetric plasma, a goosing algorithm similar to that used by TRANSP/NUBEAM can be applied, allowing ~10 ions to be tracked to thermalization in ~10 hours using 4 no. GTX580 cards, with a typical error per cell of order ~1% (using 340 Pφ cells, 125 μ cells and 120 velocity/energy cells). We also report on the development of a GPU based bundled-n collisional radiative solver (required for tracking beamneutrals and hydrogenic neutrals resulting from charge exchange).
Evolution of active and passive forms of plasticity: insights from artificially selected Arabidopsis

Questions: Does artificial selection targeting a trait’s plasticity to a given stimulus indirectly alter its plasticity to other stimuli? Is such indirect selection more effective for active forms of plasticity (i.e. enhancements of phenotype–environment matching that improve fitness) than for passive forms of plasticity (i.e. inevitable growth or performance reductions detrimental to fitness)? Hypothesis: Artificial selection for active plasticity to a light signal will not indirectly alter passive plasticity to cold. Study organism: Artificial selection lines of Arabidopsis thaliana differentiated for plasticity to a light signal, an active form of plasticity. Study site: Split-family laboratory experiment. Methods: Eight replicate juvenile plants from 108 families, 18 from each selection line, were exposed to either 12 days at 5C or a control treatment. We scored five traits on each individual: number of rosette leaves at bolting, days to bolting, length of the largest leaf at bolting, inflorescence height, and number of fruits produced. Using mixed-model analyses of variance, we tested for significant variation among families and among selection lines. Results: We observed plasticity to cold, and it was consistent with passive plasticity. There was among-family variation for cold-mediated plasticity of rosette leaf number, but not amongline variation for this plasticity. Passive, cold-mediated plasticity did not evolve via byproduct selection, which constrasts with a previous study documenting byproduct selection on active, photoperiod-mediated plasticity.
Australasian Conference on Information Systems Cronholm & Göbel 2016 Wollongong ITIL Compliance with a Service Perspective 1 ITIL Compliance with a Service Perspective : a Review Based on Service-Dominant Logic

Information technology implementation continues to be a challenging process for many organisations and one of the challenges is the transition to service orientation. To apply a service perspective is not a minor change of attitude; it is a paradigm shift for the whole IT sector. Providers of IT services can no longer afford to focus on solving technical problems, they now have to consider the quality of the services and focus on the relationship with customers. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the popular ITIL frameworks comply with a service perspective. We have used service-dominant logic as an analysis model to find out how ITIL corresponds to a service perspective. The findings show that while ITIL highly corresponds to the service perspective in some aspects it fails in others, such as recognising the customers as value co-creators and that products are a distribution mechanism for services.
Evaluating the character and preservation of DNA within allophane clusters in buried soils on Holocene tephras, northern New Zealand

Introduction Clay minerals possess sorptive capacities for organic and inorganic matter, including DNA (Lorenz and Wackernagel, 1994), and hence reduce the utilization and degradation of organic matter or DNA by microorganisms. Buried allophane-rich soils on tephras (volcanic-ash beds) on the North Island, dated using tephrochronology, provide a valuable paleobiological ‘laboratory’ for studying the preservation of ancient DNA (aDNA) (Haile et al., 2007). Allophane comprises Al-rich nanocrystalline spherules ~3.55 nm in diameter (Fig. 1) with extremely large surface areas (up to 1000 m 2 g -1 ). Moreover, allophanic soils are strongly associated with organic matter (Parfitt, 2009), and so we hypothesize that allophane also plays an important role for DNA protection within such soils.
Pythagorean Generalization of Testing the Equality of Two Symmetric Positive Definite Matrices

We provide a new test for equality of two symmetric positive-definite matrices that leads to a convenient mechanism for testing specification using the information matrix equality and the sandwich asymptotic covariance matrix of the GMM estimator. The test relies on a new characterization of equality between two k dimensional symmetric positive-definite matrices A and B: the traces of AB−1 and BA−1 are equal to k if and only if A = B. Using this criterion, we introduce a class of omnibus test statistics for the equality and examine their null and local alternative approximations under some mild regularity conditions. Monte Carlo experiments are conducted to explore the performance characteristics of the test criteria and provide comparisons with existing tests under the null, local, and alternative. The tests are applied to the classic empirical models for voting turnout investigated by Wolfinger and Rosenstone (1980) and Nagler (1991, 1994). Our tests show that all classic models for the 1984 presidential voting turnout are misspecified in the sense that the information matrix equality fails.
Estimation of Runoff Unit Area Loads for Nutrients from Forest and Sloping Field using SWAT model in Bonggok Stream Watershed

ABSTRACT 본 연구에서는 2005년부터 2006년까지 충청남도 공주시 반포면에 위치한 봉곡천 유역의 경사지 밭을 포함하고 있는 산지하천에서 유출량, 총인, 총질소를 측정하였고 측정된 자료는 SWAT 모형을 통하여 장기간의 배출부하량 산정을 위해 모형의 보정 및 검정자료로 사용하였다. SWAT 모형의 보정 및 검정결과는 유출량은 일별자료를 이용하여 보정 및 검정을 실시하였다 . 그 결과 결정계수 (R 2 )가 0.80∼0. 83의 값을 보였으며 일별 T-N, T-P 부하량에 대한 보정 및 검정결과는 결정계수 (R 2 )가 0.62∼0. 86의 값을 보였다. 모형의 보정 및 검정을 통해 결정된 최적매개변수를 적용하여 1997년부터 2006년까지 관측된 강우자료로 장기간의 유출량 , T-N, T-P 배출부하량에 대한 SWAT 모형 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다 . 또한 이를 바탕으로 하여 산지와 밭에 대한 원단위를 산정하였으며 , 그 결과 산지에 대한 T-N의 원단위는 3.29 kg/km 2 /day이었고 T-P에 대한 원단위는 0.15 kg/km 2 /day로 나타났다. 또한 밭에서의 T-N에 대한 원단위는 11.15 kg/km 2 /day이었고 T-P에 대한 원단위는 0.70 kg/km 2 /day로 나타났으며 강우의 시간 및 공간적 변화에 따른 유출량을 고려한 산지와 밭에서의 영양염류 배출부하량을 산정하는데 SWAT모형을 적용하는 것이 타당성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다 . Keywords: SWAT model; T-N; T-P; Unit area load; Sloping Field; Forest I. INTRODUCTION * Importance of controlling of nonpoint source pollutants has been recognized in recent years because policies were implemented focusing mainly on point source pollutants and water quality has not been improved as expected. A research on land use regarding nonpoint source pollutants and nation-wide pollution contribution degree were con-ducted for the first time in 1994. Lee et al. (1998) examined the amount of soil loss and used it as a basic data for
FETOTOXICITY OF TREATED SLUDGE FROM CETP, PALI (INDIA) IN SWISS ALBINO MICE: A MULTIGENERATIONAL STUDY

Water is a precious commodity and very essential part of all lives on earth. Unfortunately, it is polluted through the uncontrolled and indiscriminate discharge of pollutants from domestic, commercial and industrial sources. This is visible everywhere and the water pollution problem is progressively mounting in our country. An attempt has been made to compare the fetotoxic effect of sludge leachate administered during two generations. Here the leachate obtained is from CETP, Pali which receives effluent exclusively from textile and dyeing industries, is diluted with water according to low level exposure dose concentration of 1/1000 and then administered to Swiss albino mice along with control group receiving simple tap water for consecutive three generations in order to access the long term effect of leachate. Research finding revealed that the treated sludge leachate from CETP, Pali at the tested dose level produced fetotoxicity to certain extent at both the generations. It was evident by significant reduction in body weight gain, substantial loss of body fur and restlessness. Visceral malformation included abnormalities in eye (like anophthalmia, microphthalmia), pulmonary edema, reduced gonadal size in dose related manner. Skeletal malformation included poor ossification of skull bones, Sternal defects, rib anomalies in all the fetuses of dose group followed by reduction in body weight gain during both prepartum and postpartum period, substantial loss of body fur and restlessness in F1 generation. No second generation was observed indicating the potential toxicity of leachate and ability to accumulate and persist inside the body.
Estimation of Volatilities and Spillover Effects Between Developed and Emerging Market Economies

This study focuses on establishing the existence of volatility spillover effects between stock indices that represent developed and emerging markets. We employ a CGARCH(1,1) model, which distinguishes between the short-term (transitory) and long-term (permanent) conditional variance, allowing us to simultaneously examine the time trends of changes in volatility and spillover effects between developed and growing economies. Our data sample covers a period from January 1995 to April 2013 and is further broken down into two subsamples from January 1995 to January 2008 and from January 2008 to April 2013, which respectively represent periods before and after the global financial crisis. We find some evidence that volatility spillover moves in a uni-directional way from the developed to the emerging markets when examining the whole period. In our full sample, we conclude spillover from the USA to China, as well as from France and Germany to Russia. Although, when we break our data into the subsamples, volatility before the crisis exhibits a flow from the emerging market of India to the USA. Our subsample after the crisis determines volatility spillover from all developed markets to India. Through testing the standardized residuals of the model as well as examining information criterion parameters we concluded that the CGARCH(1,1) has captured the ARCH effects and is sufficient for the purposes of the study. (Less)
Implementation and Application of Resistive Sheet Boundary Condition in the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method

Use of resistive sheet boundary condition in the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis of scattering problems involving resistively coated dielectric object is described. The algorithm is introduced through an analysis of E-polarized scattering from a thin resistive strip. For the sheet In the following, the analysis technique is first derived for a two-dimensional E-polarized scattering problem of a thin resistive strip. The numerical stability issue of the method is also discussed. The FDTD technique is validated by COmparresistance R = qZo /Z with 2, being the intrinsic impedance of vacuum, numerical experiments indicate that algorithm stability is ensured in all cases if 6t is chosen according to cqbt 5 6. Validity of the resultant FDTD method is verified in a comparison of computed E-polarized scattering data for several resistive strips with existing data. New results on the E-polarized scattering behavior of resistively coated dielectric strip as a function of surface resistances and angle of incidence are also presented. Finally, extension to the If-polarized case and application of the present method to pulsed problems are briefly discussed.