Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent developments in hot embossing – a review

ABSTRACT Generation of micron-scale structures on a substrate is an emerging area in the manufacturing sector owing to its application in different fields such as micro-lenses, micro-needles, micro-reactors, micro-pumps, etc. Specifically, a patterned polymer is a much-desired product having applications in optics, hydrophobicity, micro-fluidic chip, etc. Such structures can be fabricated through photolithography, micro-milling, laser ablation, etc. But these processes involve a large number of steps, which makes them time-consuming and prone to error. Also, some fabrication routes are not suitable for generating patterns on a polymer substrate. In hot embossing (HE), structures from a patterned mold are transferred on to a polymer substrate by application of an optimum amount of temperature and pressure. It has problems like a long cycle and non-uniform pressure distribution during the embossing stage. To overcome these problems, different variants such as gas-pressurized hot embossing, ultrasonic hot embossing, reel to reel hot embossing, inductive hot embossing, laser-assisted hot embossing, far infrared assisted hot embossing, etc. have been developed. This article aims to review state of the art in hot embossing setup development and to point out the scope for further work and the direction in which the research on hot embossing can progress in the future.
Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates the Inhibitory Effect of Salt and Heavy Metal Stress on Lupine Yield and Downregulates Antioxidant Enzyme Activities

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on antioxidant enzyme activities in Lupinus albus subsp. termis (Forssk.) Ponert plants subjected to salt and heavy metal stress. Foliar spray of SNP (0.4 and 0.6 mM) was used as a nitric oxide (NO) donor to treat lupine plants grown under different levels of salinity (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl) and nickel (Ni) stress (100 and 150 mM Ni sulfate). Growth parameters and yield as well as total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant enzyme activities (including those of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione transferase) in NO-treated and untreated plants grown under normal or salt/heavy metal stress conditions were determined. We found that exogenously applied SNP effectively mitigated the inhibitory effects of salinity and Ni stresses on all measured growth parameters and yield components of lupine plants. In addition, NO downregulated antioxidant enzyme activities, which proved to be a good indicator reflecting changes in the oxidative status of lupine plants in response to SNP, salt, and Ni sulfate treatments.
Novel Nonionic Oligosaccharide Surfactant Polymers Derived from Poly(vinylamine) with Pendant Dextran and Hexanoyl Groups

A series of novel surfactant polymers: poly(N-vinyldextran aldonamide-co-N-vinylhexanamide) (PNVDA-co-PNVH), in which hydrophilic dextran oligosaccharides and hydrophobic hexanoyl groups were incorporated simultaneously on to poly(vinylamine) (PVAm), were synthesized, and characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Structurally well-defined poly(vinylamine) was prepared by hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide), which was obtained by free radical polymerization of N-vinylformamide. Dextran molecules (Mw = 1600) were attached to poly(vinylamine) by reacting amine groups with dextran lactone, while hexanoyl groups were attached by reacting amine groups with N-(hexanoyloxy)succinimide. By adjustment of the feed ratio, surfactant polymers with different hydrophilic/hydrophobic balances were prepared. Surface activity of the surfactants at an air/water interface was demonstrated by significant reductions in water surface tension. Surface activity at a solid surface/water interface was demonstrated by atomic .
Studies of the Structure, Amidicity, and Reactivity of N-Chlorohydroxamic Esters and N-Chloro-β,β-dialkylhydrazides: Anomeric Amides with Low Resonance Energies

Density functional calculations have been carried out to determine the properties of the title anomeric amides. At the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level, N-chloro-N-methoxyacetamide 8a is computed to be strongly pyramidal at nitrogen with a long amide bond that is untwisted. N-Chloro-N-dimethylaminoacetamide 9a is completely planar, but its amide bond is still much longer than that in N,N-dimethylacetamide 4. This is a steric, rather than a resonance, effect. COSNAR and a trans-amidation method calculate low resonance energies for both model amides, which is attributed to the combined electronegativity of the heteroatoms at the amide nitrogen and the strong anomeric effect when there is a chlorine substituent on nitrogen. When M06 and ωB97X-D dispersion-corrected density functional methods are used with the expanded 6-311++G(d,p) basis set, the resonance energies of 8a (–34 kJ mol–1) and 9a (–49 kJ mol–1) are in line with the gross electronegativity of the substituent atoms. Unlike other anomeric amides, 8a and 9a are not predicted to undergo HERON reactivity.
The Framework of Security-Enhancing Friction: How UX Can Help Users Behave More Securely

A growing body of research in the usable privacy and security community addresses the question of how to best influence user behavior to reduce risk-taking. We propose to address this challenge by integrating the concept of user experience (UX) into empirical usable privacy and security studies that attempt to change risk-taking behavior. UX enables us to study the complex interplay between user-related, system-related and contextual factors and provides insights into the experiential aspects underlying behavior change, including negative experiences. We first compare and contrast existing security-enhancing interventions (e.g., nudges, warnings, fear appeals) through the lens of friction. We then build on these insights to argue that it can be desirable to design for moments of negative UX in security-critical situations. For this purpose, we introduce the novel concept of security-enhancing friction, friction that effectively reduces the occurrence of risk-taking behavior and ensures that the overall UX (after use) is not compromised. We illustrate how security-enhancing friction provides an actionable way to systematically integrate the concept of UX into empirical usable privacy and security studies for meeting both the objectives of secure behavior and of overall acceptable experience.
Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder which includes: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, cognitive symptoms, affective symptoms and aggressive symptoms. Cognitive disorder is the most severe disorder compared to other symptoms of schizophrenia because it can interfere with daily functions, including memory function, attention function, problem solving function, speech function and social skills.
Novel multi‐scale deep residual attention network for facial expression recognition

: Recently, the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown great success and for facial expression recognition (FER). These CNN-based approaches have made breakthroughs in the accuracy by using deeper networks. As the amount of train data is very less, these models easily fall into the overfitting in the training. In this study, a novel multi-scale deep residual attention network (Ms-RAN) is proposed for FER. The proposed Ms-RAN is mainly based on the multi-scale residual attention unit, which consists of two different scale sub-units. Each sub-unit is composed of the convolutional layers, parametric rectified linear units (PReLUs), and the residual attention connection. By focusing on the relationship between channels and automatically learning the importance of different channel features, the proposed Ms-RAN can make the proposed model pay more attention to the most informative channel features, while suppressing those unimportant channel features. Owing to the unique design of Ms-RAN, the combination of various levels features can be enhanced in the proposed method, and valuable and different ranges of expressive information can also be provided for recognition. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance than other state-of-the-art approaches on five databases, CK+, Oulu-CASIA, BU-3DFE, BP4D+, and MMI.
Patterned Growth of Metal-Organic Framework Coatings by Electrochemical Synthesis

Electrochemical film growth of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) enables the self-completing growth of densely packed crystallite layers in a patterned fashion. Coatings produced in this manner might prove useful in the integration of MOF materials with devices such as sensors, a concept that is illustrated by monitoring water adsorption.
Leveraging the Perspectives of Rural Educators to Develop Realistic Job Previews for Rural Teacher Recruitment and Retention

Rurality is perceived by many to be a deficit or challenge when it comes to teacher recruitment and retention. However, recently, some have argued that moving away from a deficit model and treating rurality as an asset may hold promise for teacher staffing. Drawing on Person-organization (P-O) fit theory, we extend this argument in our study by investigating the perceptions of teachers from the rural Lowcountry of South Carolina, a region with documented severe teacher shortages, concerning rural teaching advantages and challenges. These reflections provide the data necessary to develop realistic job previews (RJP) that can be highlighted in the teacher staffing process at their schools. To obtain the data, we conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 rural teachers and one principal (n=12). Several common themes emerged, which we used to develop a sample web-based RJP content for demonstration purposes.
Effect of Fuel Orientation on the Performance of Air Curtains in Confining Fire and Smoke Propagation in Informal Shopping Malls

The effect of fuel orientation on air curtain performance in confining fire and smoke in case of a clothing store fire in typical informal shopping malls of Bangladesh is examined numerically. Three fuel packages of different density and three types of fuel distributions are analyzed using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). Fire and smoke spread, temperature and carbon monoxide concentration at critical locations and effectiveness of air curtain are analyzed from evacuation perspective to obtain a safer storage and arrangement of clothing fuels. Dependency of fire behavior and air curtain jet interaction on fuel density, fuel distribution and storage height are observed. The time required for flame spread from the source store to the hallway is reduced by at least 50s when air curtain is discharged for ‘Grid’ type fuel distribution compared to other orientations. This indicates a significant increase in the safe evacuation time in case of air curtains compared to the no curtain and actual fuel distribution cases.
Automated Methods of Coherence Evaluation of Ukrainian Texts Using Machine Learning Techniques

The main methods of coherence evaluation of texts with the usage of different machine learning techniques have been analyzed. The principles of methods with the usage of recurrent and convolutional neural networks have been described in details. The advantages of a semantic similarity graph method have been considered. Other approaches to perform the vector representation of sentences for the estimation of semantic similarity between the elements of a text have been suggested to use. The experimental examination of methods has been performed on the set of Ukrainian scientific articles. The training of recurrent and convolutional networks with the usage of early stopping has been performed. The accuracy of the solving of document discrimination and insertion tasks has been calculated. The comparative analysis of the results obtained has been performed.
A Case with Kounis Syndrome After the Administration of Metoclopramid

Kounis sendromu, asiri duyarlilik reaksiyonlarina sekonder kararsiz vazospastik veya vazospastik olmayan anjinaya neden olan semptomlarla karakterizedir. Kounis tarafindan 1991'de tanimlandiktan sonra bu sendrom, akut koroner sendromla iliskili bir dizi mast hucresi aktivasyon bozuklugunu icerir. Coklu ilaclara verilen reaksiyonlar, balik, domates, meyve, ari sokmasi zehirli sarmasik, engerek zehiri, kabuklu deniz urunleri gibi gidalari ve koroner stentleri iceren bircok tetikleyici faktor vardir. Olgumuzda, bulanti icin metoklopramid uygulandiktan sonra Kounis sendromu gelisen koroner risk faktoru veya aile oykusunde koroner arter hastaligi bulunmayan 71 yasinda erkek hastayi sunuyoruz.
On Testing Time Series Momentum Using Predictive Regressions

In studies of time series momentum (TSM), the Newey-West t-test has size distortion for linear predictive regression with excess returns because of non-stationarity, endogeneity due to correlated errors, and a lack of finite moments due to heavy tails. To solve these problems, we propose a new test that features log-returns, a model of the error correlations, and weighted least squares estimation. Simulations confirm the proper size and increased power of the new test. Empirically, we find weak support for TSM regardless of the predictor's time horizon and a different set of assets with TSM compared with using the Newey-West t-test.
Phosphorus Buffering Capacity Indices as Related to Soil Properties and Plant Uptake

ABSTRACT Evaluation of the plant-available phosphorus (P) in calcareous soils is commonly performed by removing a portion of solid phase P using chemical extractants. Critical soil test values, however, may be affected by variation in sorption and buffering behavior of different soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the importance of buffering capacity indices to predict P uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum). Eleven surface soil samples were assayed for a number of P intensity (CaCl2-P) and quantity (Olsen-P, Colwell-P, and Resin-P) factors. Some phosphorus buffering indices were obtained from P sorption equations. A single-point index of buffering was also determined experimentally. In a greenhouse experiment, wheat was grown for 35 and 70 days on the same soils and P uptake was determined. Nonlinear and linear equations described the P sorption data (P < 0.001). Buffering indices derived from these equations were highly correlated with single-point index of capacity. Clay content was the most important soil property affecting the buffering capacity factor. The phosphorus intensity index (CaCl2-P) was weakly related to P uptake (P < 0.05). Among the quantity factors only Resin-P was significantly correlated with P uptake. Buffering indices showed significant but inverse relationships with P uptake only at 70 days harvest (r = −0.69 to −0.71; P < 0.05). Combination of intensity or quantity factors with buffering capacity indices, such as intensity/capacity or quantity/capacity indicators, improved considerably the ability to account for variations in P uptake by wheat.
Short selling prior to going concern disclosures

We provide insights into how the market processes going concern audit opinions based on the trading of some well-documented sophisticated investors – short sellers. We find that abnormal short selling increases significantly upon impending going concern disclosures. While prior literature attributed much of short selling around some corporate events to private information, we find evidence that pre-going-concern announcement short selling reflects both privately informed trading and processing of public information by short sellers. Further, a negative relation between pre-announcement short selling and post-announcement short-term stock returns exists for stocks with less short sale constraints. We also find moderate evidence associating short selling with subsequent bankruptcy to some extent. Overall, these results suggest that short sellers front run going concern announcements based on private information and fundamentals, although trading constraints prevent them fully impounding the severity of negative information in the short run, providing a partial explanation for the long-run price drift post-going concern.
When do sorption-induced relaxations in glassy polymers set in?

This study presents the kinetic sorption behavior of six different gases (CO2, C3H8, C3H6, Xe, Kr, and Ar) in films of the glassy polyimide Matrimid using a magnetic suspension balance. The dynamic mass uptake was analyzed using a model discriminating and quantifying separate contributions of Fickian diffusion and relaxations. The model provides a quantitative insight into the pressure/concentration-dependent onsets and relative magnitudes of sorption-induced relaxations. We demonstrate that any gaseven noble gasesshow non-Fickian diffusion and may induce irreversible sorption relaxations upon reaching a critical amount of volume dilation. Above this critical amount of volume dilation, kinetic sorption behavior becomes non-Fickian. For all gases studied, this critical volume dilation is unique.
Parametric Studies on PCI Performances

The pulverized coal injection (PCI) is widely utilized in the iron-making blast furnaces for its economic and environmental advantages. However, due its complexity, flow dynamics and chemical kinetics of PCI inside the raceway has not been well understood. Combustions of PCI and coke inside the raceway can be influenced by tuyere operation parameters. In this paper, a comprehensive three dimensional (3-D) multiphase flow computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was utilized to investigate the PCI and coke combustion in the lower part of a blast furnace. Systematic parametric studies were conducted to analyze the effects of the natural gas injection, coal injection, PCI rate, and oxygen enrichment on the combustion performance, which include coal burnt-out rate, coke consumption rate, raceway shape, raceway temperature and etc.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
The influence of hexazinone on carbon dioxide evolution and mineralization of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in a forest soil

The effect of hexazinone (applied as Velpar L.) on carbon dioxide (CO2) evolution, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) mineralization in a surface organic layer (L–H horizons) of a forest soil was followed during a 150-d laboratory incubation. Hexazinone was applied at recommended field rates equivalent to 2 and 4 kg a.i. ha−1 and at a higher rate, 8 kg a.i. ha−1. A bioassay determined that hexazinone at 4 and 8 kg a.i. ha−1 affected the root and shoot biomass of oats for up to 63 d after application. Hexazinone had no effect on CO2 evolution, ammonification, nitrification or net S mineralization in the L–H horizons. An increase in extractable P was found in the hexazinone-treated soils at the end of the incubation. Hexazinone applied at recommended field rates of 2 and 4 kg a.i. ha−1 would have little direct impact on nutrient-cycling processes in the L–H horizons of mixed-wood cutovers. Key words: Hexazinone, carbon dioxide evolution, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, forest soils
Affinely adjustable robust energy management system for smart homes

As plentiful roof-top photovoltaic (PV) panels and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have been installed in residential houses, smart homes which provide reliable and cost-efficient energy for customers have been increasingly developing. This study proposes a smart home coordinated operation framework consisting of day-ahead scheduling of a BESS and deferrable appliances as well as real-time BESS affinely adjustable control. The scheduling aims to minimise daily energy usage bills and the affinely adjustable control aims to eliminate fluctuations of intermittent PV output and at-will uncertain appliances. This study proposes an affinely adjustable robust energy management system (AAREMS) which can optimise the day-ahead scheduling with full consideration of the real-time BESS control under uncertainties. Moreover, affinely adjustable robust counterpart formulation is developed to solve the AAREMS under the worst case of real-time uncertainty realisation. The simulation results verify the high efficiency of the proposed AAREMS in minimising the energy usage bills for the customers and providing certain and invariable power injection for the utility grid.
AH Premium: A Natural Experiment

A large portion of the Chinese twin stocks is traded both in the Shanghai (A-share) and Hong-Kong (H-share) markets. The A- and H-shares are different assets since they can not be exchanged one-to-one. A-shares have sold at a premium: the AH premium. This premium is large (20-50%) and persistent, it has been present since the two markets were connected in Nov 2014 until now. Since both shares pay the same dividends and traders can operate on both markets this provides a natural experiment to test asset pricing models. We show that various standard RE and Bayesian RE asset pricing models cannot explain the AH premium, but a model of internally rational learning where agents learn about stock prices provides a natural explanation. This emphasizes the importance of modeling investors who learn about equity prices. The premium survives the introduction of convergence traders: those who bet on the AH premium going to zero are highly likely to suffer big losses.
Compare Between Gait Analysis of Patient with Ilizarov Leg and Prosthesis Leg

Gait analysis can be described as a field of biomechanical engineering dealing with the subject of human locomotion. This study aimed to identify the effect of Ilizarov on gait when the presence the above-knee prosthesis. The study was made on a 50-year-old male patient was underwent correction right tibia with Ilizarov fixation due to war accident in July 2012. Also, this accident led to trans-femoral amputation. Two-dimensional gait system of a synchronized 25 Hz camera with an AMTI force platform was use for measuring gait kinematics and kinetics data while walking at a self-selected speed. These data can be used as standard measures in pathology studies, as input to theoretical joint models, and as input to mechanical joint simulators treated with Ilizarov and prosthetics.
COVID-19 Impact on Neurology Training Program in Italy

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is having a huge impact on clinical activity of all hospitals, including the ones involved in training of residents. In addition, neurology residents underwent substantial modifications of their training program.Aim of our investigation was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the educational activities of Italian neurology residents through an online questionnaire delivered to neurology residents.The results obtained showed that almost 30% of the respondents were redistributed to COVID-19 units. Neurology departments underwent substantial modifications of their organization influencing clinical educational activities; lessons and seminars were rescheduled online and research protocols were stopped and transferred to remote working, when feasible. There was a relevant use of telemedicine approach even if most of the respondents had never been trained before. Some of the changes had a North-South gradient, following the epidemiology of the pandemic.The data obtained from our survey highlight those points to address to be prepared for possible future emergencies.