Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a 26kDa vegetative storage protein in the stem sapwood of mature pedunculate oak

SUMMARY The distribution of total soluble proteins was investigated in the sapwood of 20-year-old Quercus robur L. at leaf shedding (October) and after leaf expansion (June) in order to assess seasonal changes in soluble protein content at whole tree level. The content of total soluble proteins was 10 times lower than that of starch. In October, the top sapwood segments stored significantly more soluble proteins than other organs. In the below canopy stem, up to 80% of the proteins present during October were mobilized for spring growth, as compared to only 50-60% of the starch. As oak trees produce a large fraction of annual radial growth before spring-leaf expansion, vegetative storage proteins (VSP) in the stem are hydrolyzed and a part of the resulting free amino acids pool should be used to sustain wood formation. A 26kDa VSP was isolated by SDS-PAGE. At leaf shedding, this VSP represented up to 50% of the soluble proteins, while it was absent in June. This suggests this protein was remobilized to sustain early growth. The use of this 26kDa VSP as a marker for spring growth reactivation capacity is proposed.
Response to reviewer comment on “HETEROFOR 1.0: a spatially explicit model for exploring the response of structurally complex forests to uncertain future

I understand that it is difficult to parameterize and evaluated a phenological model that differentiates for leaves in different layers in a structural forest. However, if the model is not considering these structural effects, it may be accurate but is not new and is not particular related to the specific approach of HETEROFOR. This would change if at least the option would be available (e.g. as a yet uniform parameter) to make budburst (I see you found some examples already) and leaf fall (Gressler et al. 2015) dependent on tree size or specific environmental conditions. In particular, since I assume that the model should be applied to more tree species than those presented here, which may respond differently. R:
Effect of tropical rainfall in structuring the macrobenthic community of Mandovi estuary, west coast of India

Macrofaunal community structure is determined by a number of environmental variables. The riverine run-off during the monsoon brings about drastic changes in the physico-chemical parameters of a tropical estuary. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of rainfall in structuring the benthic macrofaunal community of a tropical estuary. The temporal dynamics of the macrobenthic community in the monsoon dominated Mandovi estuary (central west coast of India) was studied fortnightly from June 2007 to June 2009. A fixed location, downstream of the Madovi river, was sampled for benthic and water parameters. Ten replicates were collected during each sampling date using a Van Veen grab (0.04 m2). The macrofaunal abundance showed temporal fluctuation. The multivariate analysis showed the clustering of the samples linked to the environmental parameters (CCA and LINKTREE). The temporal variation observed in the macrofaunal abundance was basically due to changes in abundance of the dominant species. The variation in macrofaunal abundance was brought about by the recruitment and settling of re-suspended adults. It can be concluded that the macrofaunal structuring is influenced by temporal changes in the environment associated with the annual monsoon rainfall. Hence climate induced changes in the monsoonal pattern may affect the macrobenthic assemblages of tropical estuaries.
SCRUTINIZING 5G SECURITY SYSTEMS FOR V2X (IOT) APPLICATIONS

- The Internet of Things (IoT), uses a set of technologies permitting sensors, actuators, people, and alternative virtual entities to connect to the web. conjointly denotes a dynamic world network infrastructure with self-configuring capabilities, wherever users, data, processes, and things have identities, physical attributes, abstract personalities, intelligence, and network interfaces. Security could be a primary concern for the networks aiming at the employment of Cellular (C) services for connecting Vehicles to Everything (V2X). At present, C-V2X is perceptive a paradigm shift from long-run Evolution (LTE) – Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) to Fifth Generation (5G) primarily based useful design. However, security and credentials management are still considerations to be resolved below 5G-V2X. A sizably voluminous range of key updates and non-availability of sub-functions at the sting cause acquisitions overheads and decrement the performance whereas dismaying the chances of variants of cyber-attacks. During this paper, security management is studied as a principle of property and its exchange is evaluated with the number of key-updates needed to take care of an echo association of a vehicle to the 5G-terminals keeping intact the protection functions at the backhaul. A numerical study is bestowed to work out the claims and perceive the projected exchange. 5G communications efforts presently current address several connected problems related to network access. Worldwide, 5G networks power the long run wave of connected devices hosted on 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets) need trustworthy nodes and network security, whereas managing sensitive data, establishing IDs, ownership, playacting system updates, exchanging services, and decoding.
Catastrophic disturbance and vegetation on Little Slope, Lord Howe Island

Abstract Little Slope is a series of debris avalanche deposits below basalt cliffs 700 m high at the southern end of Lord Howe Island (31°35′S 159°05′E). There are five distinct physiographic areas on the slope, each separated by sharp boundaries which mostly correspond to boundaries between features on the cliffs above. The physiography is a consequence of a series of landslides of different, but unknown, ages. A model of the physiographic history is presented. Each physiographic area supports a different vegetation community, also separated by sharp boundaries. The present structure of two communities, Melaleuca howeana scrub and Howea forsterana forest, is a consequence of damage by feral animals. Melaleuca scrub has replaced Cyperus lucidus sedgeland destroyed by goats (Capra hircus) browsing from 1914 until their extermination in 1955. Howea forest has a markedly unimodal age distribution with very few small individuals of the dominant palms. This is a result of the combined effects of browsing by goats on small palms, and seed predation by black rats (Rattus rattus) from the 1920s, preventing regeneration. Unless rat numbers are periodically reduced to reduce seed predation, regeneration may be insufficient to guarantee long‐term survival of the forest.
PII: S0166-8641(99)00029-2

For every cardinal τ we construct a universal ultrametric space LWτ such that any ultrametric space of weight 6 τ can be embedded isometrically in LWτ . The weight ofLWτ is τא0 and we show that for all cardinalsτ 6 c and for a wide class of cardinals > c the weight of a universal ultrametric space can not be smaller  2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Dietary analysis confirms that Rickett's big-footed bat ( Myotis ricketti ) is a piscivore

The diet of Myotis ricketti wa se xamined by faecal analysis, and foraging behaviour was observed in the field. Scales from at least three species of small fish were found in the droppings, together with fragments of insects from six orders. This study demonstrates that M. ricketti is a fish-eating bat. As with other trawling bats in the genus Myotis, M. ricketti emits short, broadband echolocation sounds. The sounds recorded from bats released from the hand swept downward from c . 7 0 to 28 kHz in 4m s, and contained most energy at 41 kHz.
Dynamic Stability Enhancement for Multi-Machine Power System by Coordinated Design of PSS and SSSC

Abstract Damping of inter-area power system oscillation is detrimental to the goals of maximum power transfer and optimal power system security. In this paper, individual and coordinated optimization of parameters for both static series synchronous compensator (SSSC) based damping controller and power system stabilizer (PSS) to enhance the power system damping are presented. A lead-lag stabilizer is used to demonstrate this technique. An optimization method based on simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is used for optimal parameters design of the SSSC stabilizer and PSS to improve the dynamic stability of the power system. Eigenvalue analysis is carried out to assess the effectiveness of the proposed stabilizers on enhancing the electromechanical mode stability. The effect of SSSC based stabilizers on damping inter-area oscillations for a small disturbance are studied and compared with PSS. Obtained results include eigenvalue analysis and non-linear time simulation for two area multi-machine power systems.
MINIMIZATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION USING RGB WHITE PROCESS IN CLOUD

In multimedia streaming applications the power consumption of handheld wireless is a major demanding. In this paper the user’s observable experience is incremented when displaying a video stream and also traverses how to prune the energy utilization of the backlight. In this paper in order to introduce codes of a RGB White color is used to improve the user’s observable experiences. This RGB White colorprocess is adaptable for all the devices. RGB color system, speculate all the colors from the combination of the Red, Green and Blue colors. In proposed system the power energy is improved when the brightness of the screens increased. Proposed system shows energy savings of 20 percent on commercial mobile devices.
Sustainable grazing systems for the Central Tablelands, New South Wales

Pasture degradation is a major issue in the high rainfall zone (>600 mm) of temperate Australia. Characterised by a decline in the perennial grass component, this degradation is responsible for reduced livestock production and implicated in environmental problems, such as dryland salinity, through changed water-use patterns. This paper reports on a multi-disciplinary research program conducted at Carcoar in central New South Wales, one of 6 sites that comprised the Sustainable Grazing Systems National Experiment. The aim of the experiment was to develop more profitable and sustainable pasture systems by evaluating the impact of changes in the perennial grass component on animal production and water-use patterns. Tactical management strategies were evaluated on naturalised and sown perennial grass pastures and on chicory (Cichorium intybus), using a Merino ewe-based first cross lamb enterprise. Data presented showed that grazing deferment over summer, combined with reduced stocking rate, increased perenniality and reduced annual grass weeds compared with continuous grazing. Livestock performance, however, did not always follow trends in available perennial herbage mass. Naturalised and sown pastures were suitable for raising prime lambs, but only chicory had the capacity to finish lambs to market specification without supplementation. With respect to water-use patterns, sown perennial pastures were more successful than naturalised pastures in reducing leakage of water from the root zone, although this seemed to be related mostly to the abundance of the perennial grass in the pasture. From a sustainability perspective, continuously grazed pastures generated higher net cash flows, but had negative environmental impacts, whereas tactically grazed pastures had positive on- and off-farm impacts but lower net cash flows. The implications of these findings for incorporation into future management strategies for sustainable production in high rainfall environments are discussed.
Seed coat cell turgor responds rapidly to air humidity in chickpea and faba bean

The turgor pressure in cells of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seed coats was measured with a pressure probe. Measurements were made under in situ conditions by removing a section of wall from a pod, which remained attached to the plant, and exposing the intact seed. If the pod wall was removed and the turgor measurements made under ambient laboratory conditions of 50% to 70% relative humidity (RH), cell turgor pressure declined over time, typically reaching 0 MPa. If the pod wall was removed and the turgor measurements made under conditions of 100% RH, however, cell turgor pressure was stable over time, relatively uniform within the seed coat tissue, and was found to be 0.1-0.3 MPa for chickpea, and 0.1-0.2 MPa for faba bean. In both species there was a marked decline in cell turgor, beginning within about 60 s, when humidification was discontinued. The decline in cell turgor occurred regardless of the depth of the cell within the seed coat tissue, and this decline could be stopped, but not entirely reversed, when humidification was restored. An increase in cell turgor could also be caused by wetting of the seed. These responses indicate that a very rapid water exchange can occur within the seed coat tissue in situ, The rapid and, in some cases, relatively permanent loss of seed coat cell turgor in the absence of humidification raises serious concerns regarding desiccation artefacts which may be involved in the empty seed coat technique, often used to study seed carbon and water relations in grain legumes.
Biochemical and Microbiological changes during the production of fermented pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan ) flour

An investigation was carried out to study the biochemical and microbiological changes that occur during fermentation of pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan ) flour. Standard methods were employed for most of the analyses. The pH decreased from 6.8 at 0h to 4.2 at 72 hours of fermentation but increased to 6.5 at 96 hours. Three genera of Bacillus , Staphylococc us and the yeast Saccharomyces were found to be associated with the fermentation of pigeon pea. The nutritive quality of the fermented pigeon pea in terms of crude protein 19.43g/100g, crude fiber 3.6g/100g, and crude fat 1.4 g/100g was found to be superior to those that were not fermented which were 20.65g/100g, 5.2g/100g and 1.62g/100g respectively. Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) was in the range of 3.20g/ml to 5.0g/ml. The highest WAC was recorded for unfermented sample. However, the carbohydrate content was lower in fermented pigeon pea than the unfermented sample. In terms of organoleptic properties of the product ‘moinmoin’ from the fermented pigeon pea this was more preferred by a 15-man panel using parameters such as color, taste, texture and aroma than “moinmoin” from unfermented pigeon pea.
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PV BASED GRID-TIED SINGLE PHASE ASYMMETRICAL MULTILEVEL INVERTER USING DIFFERENT PWM TECHNIQUES

This paper is based on the comprehensive performance analysis of single phase grid-tied photo voltaic system with asymmetric configuration of cascaded H-bridge Multi-level Inverter. The work has been carried out for both the Level shifted pulse width modulation and the phase shifted pulse width modulation techniques. For extracting maximum power from photo voltaic source P&O based Maximum power point tracking algorithm is implemented with a control scheme which provides independent control of each DC link voltage. The comparative performance analysis of harmonics under different irradiation is also shown. Overall system performance is enhanced employing L-C-L filter. The proposed nine level inverter is based on transformer-less configuration that requires only two PV sources with lesser number of switches as compared to conventional Cascaded Multi-level Inverters. Modeling and simulation of the proposed model are implemented in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Sympathetic-parasympathetic cardiac autonomic tonus during induction of anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl

Background: Administration of propofol and fentanyl for induction of general anesthesia is often associated with cardiovascular instability. This effect can be caused by changes in the cardiac autonomic tonus induced by the drugs. In the literature there is no consensus regarding the effect of propofol and fentanyl on sympathetic or parasympathetic balance of the heart. Material and methods: There was performed a randomized prospective study which was approved by the Ethic Committee. Written informed consent was signed by all patients. The study group involved 47 patients scheduled for surgical intervention, anesthetic risk ASA I-II. The analysis of heart rate variability and the changes in cardiac autonomic tonus was performed with Holter ECG at rest, after premedication with fentanyl solution and after induction of general anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl. Results: After administration of fentanyl in doses of 1.0 mkg/kg for premedication there were not significant changes of heart rate variability and autonomic heart tonus. Administration of propofol 2.5 mg/kg combined with fentanyl 1.0 mkg/kg for induction of general anesthesia leads to significant changes in heart rate variability. There was a considerable reduction of heart rate variability. The LFun (marker of sympathetic heart tonus) has enhanced by 6.8% compared with previous stage (67.1 (95% CI 63.1-71.1) vs 72.0 (95% CI 67.9-76.1) (p=0.004). The HFun (marker of parasympathetic cardiac tonus) has reduced by 19.8% (32.9 (95% CI 28.9-36.8) vs 26.4 (95% CI 20.4-34.3) (p=0.007). After administration of propofol and fentanyl for induction of general anesthesia the LFun/HFun ratio has enhanced by 30.8% (2.7 (95%CI 2.1-3.4) vs 3.9 (95%CI9 2.9-4.8) (p=0.003), signaling an enhanced sympathetic heart tonus. Conclusions: Administration of fentanyl solution in doses 1.0 mkg/kg for premedication is not associated with significant changes of autonomic tonus of the heart. Administration of propofol 2.5 mg/kg in combination with fentanyl 1.0 mkg/kg for induction of general anesthesia leads to significant enhanced sympathetic cardiac tonus.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT POTTING MEDIA COMBINATIONS ON GROWTH AND VASE LIFE OF TUBEROSE (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA LINN.)

The present study was carried out in the agro-metrological conditions of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Different potting media were used in different combinations to check their effect on the morphological parameters as well as on the vase life of the tuberose. The different treatments included the combinations of FYM, poultry manure, sand, leaf compost and coconut coir in equivalent ratio. The data was analyzed statistically which showed significant effect of media combinations over control values. Maximum plant spread, number of leaves and vase life was recorded in sand+FYM. Coconut coir + FYM contributed to the maximum values of plant height, leaf area and spike length. Maximum plantlets were counted for sand+poultry manure. The highest values of floral diameter, number of flowers per spike and shelf life were observed in sand+leaf compost. These findings lead toward better quality cut flower production with maximum vase life.
On the Impact of Achievement Goal-orientations on EFL University Students’ Demotivation

This study aims at exploring the nexus between goal-orientation and demotivation of EFL university students in Iran. To measure goal-orientation, the study employed the Persian version of the ‘Achievement Goal Orientation Inventory’ designed by Midgley et al. (1998) and to assess learners’ demotivation, the Persian version of 'demotivation scale' designed and validated by Sakai and Kikuchi (2009) and translated to Persian by Ghanizadeh and Jahedizadeh (forthc.) was utilized. The former measures three types of goals namely, mastery, performance, and avoidance; the latter gauges six demotivators including, teachers, characteristics of classes, classroom environment, class materials, lack of interest, and experiences of failure. The results of the Pearson Product Moment correlation indicated that there are positive and significant relationships between students’ lack of interest and avoidance-goal orientation as well as experiences of failure and avoidance-approach. Negative and significant relationships were also obtained between learners’ lack of interest and mastery as well as performance goal orientation. The same results were also obtained for students’ experiences of failure and the two goal orientations (mastery and performance). Teachers as demotivators were found to be significantly related to learners’ performance and avoidance goal orientation. A significant relationship was also observed between characteristics of classes and avoidance goal orientation as well as classroom materials and avoidance goal orientation.
A mitochondrial origin for hydrogenosomes

Background There are thousands of very diverse ciliate species from which only a handful mitochondrial genomes have been studied so far. These genomes are rather similar because the ciliates analysed (Tetrahymena spp. and Paramecium aurelia) are closely related. Here we study the mitochondrial genomes of the hypotrichous ciliates Euplotes minuta and Euplotes crassus. These ciliates are only distantly related to Tetrahymena spp. and Paramecium aurelia, but more closely related to Nyctotherus ovalis, which possesses a hydrogenosomal (mitochondrial) genome. Results The linear mitochondrial genomes of the hypotrichous ciliates Euplotes minuta and Euplotes crassus were sequenced and compared with the mitochondrial genomes of several Tetrahymena species, Paramecium aurelia and the partially sequenced mitochondrial genome of the anaerobic ciliate Nyctotherus ovalis. This study reports new features such as long 5’gene extensions of several mitochondrial genes, extremely long cox1 and cox2 open reading frames and a large repeat in the middle of the linear mitochondrial genome. The repeat separates the open reading frames into two blocks, each having a single direction of transcription, from the repeat towards the ends of the chromosome. Although the Euplotes mitochondrial gene content is almost identical to that of Paramecium and Tetrahymena, the order of the genes is completely different. In contrast, the 33273 bp (excluding the repeat region) piece of the mitochondrial genome that has been sequenced in both Euplotes species exhibits no difference in gene order. Unexpectedly, many of the mitochondrial genes of E. minuta encoding ribosomal proteins possess N-terminal extensions that are similar to mitochondrial targeting signals. Conclusions The mitochondrial genomes of the hypotrichous ciliates Euplotes minuta and Euplotes crassus are rather different from the previously studied genomes. Many genes are extended in size compared to mitochondrial genes from other sources.
Forecasting insecticide susceptibility in Diamondback Moth populations from different areas of Brazil

The Diamondback Moth (DBM) is an important brassica pest and is controlled by several types of insecticides. On some occasions, the fields are sprayed two-four times per week without success. Sometimes this occurs because ineffective insecticides are used. Works showed that laboratory tests using the recommended field rate of insecticides can detect the ineffective ones. Here, we collected DBM larvae and pupae from the States of Ceara (Tiangua), Minas Gerais (Barroso), Bahia (Mucuge), Mato Grosso (Sinop) and the Federal District (Brazlândia and Embrapa Hortalicas). We reared the populations in the laboratory and larvae of the first laboratory generation were treated with the recommended field rate of abamectin, acephate, B. thuringiensis, cartap, chlorfluazuron, deltamethrin, and spinosad. We previously determined that an effective insecticide should cause more than 90% larval mortality. Insecticide effectiveness was different from field to field. Spinosad killed 100% of larvae; acephate, B. thuringiensis and cartap killed less than 90% of the larvae in Tiangua; abamectin and chlorfluazuron did not control the insect in Brazlândia and Mucuge respectively. Deltamethrin was inneffective in all areas tested. Diamondback Moth populations were resistant to one or more active ingredients and programmes to manage insecticide resistance must be implemented in Brazil.