Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Spirulina fusiformis on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

In the present study, we have evaluated the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Spirulina fusiformis (a cyanobacterium-family-Oscillatoriaceae) against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. For comparison purpose, results were compared with those for silymarin, a standard hepatoprotective drug. Activities of liver marker enzymes (glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase) and inflammatory mediator tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were estimated in serum, while lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione) were determined in liver homogenate. Acetaminophen induction (900 mg/kg b.wt) significantly increases the levels of liver marker enzymes, TNF-α, and lipid peroxidation, and caused the depletion of antioxidant status. Treatment of Spirulina fusiformis (800 mg/kg/b.wt) to acetaminophen challenged mice resulted in decreased liver marker enzymes activity, TNF-α and lipid peroxidation levels with increase in antioxidant status. Our study clearly demonstrate that Spirulina fusifomis shows hepatoprotective effect through its antioxidant activity on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
Mapping the Perceived Role of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices in Sustainable Competitive Advantage

Applying resource-based view and behavioral based view in this current research to develops and investigate study model that examine whether strategic HRM practices has direct effects on the sustainable competitive advantage, secondly weather developing human capital and attitude and behavior (employee’s commitment) mediates the effect of strategic HRM practices on the sustainable competitive advantage. The data acquired from academic workers with a 3-week time lag in three waves in TRNC were utilized to evaluate the above-stated relationship. The outcome of structural equation modeling suggests that strategic HRM practices improve developing human capital and employees commitment, while its direct effects on a sustainable competitive advantage. Furthermore, the results propose that developing human capital and employees’ commitment partially mediates the link among strategic HRM practices on a sustainable competitive advantage.
Sworn testimony of the model evidence: Gaussian Mixture Importance (GAME) sampling

What is the “best” model? The answer to this question lies in part in the eyes of the beholder, nevertheless a good model must blend rigorous theory with redeeming qualities such as parsimony and quality of fit. Model selection is used to make inferences, via weighted averaging, from a set of K candidate models, Mk; k=(1,…,K) , and help identify which model is most supported by the observed data, Y∼=(y∼1,…,y∼n) . Here, we introduce a new and robust estimator of the model evidence, p(Y∼|Mk) , which acts as normalizing constant in the denominator of Bayes’ theorem and provides a single quantitative measure of relative support for each hypothesis that integrates model accuracy, uncertainty, and complexity. However, p(Y∼|Mk) is analytically intractable for most practical modeling problems. Our method, coined GAussian Mixture importancE (GAME) sampling, uses bridge sampling of a mixture distribution fitted to samples of the posterior model parameter distribution derived from MCMC simulation. We benchmark the accuracy and reliability of GAME sampling by application to a diverse set of multivariate target distributions (up to 100 dimensions) with known values of p(Y∼|Mk) and to hypothesis testing using numerical modeling of the rainfall‐runoff transformation of the Leaf River watershed in Mississippi, USA. These case studies demonstrate that GAME sampling provides robust and unbiased estimates of the evidence at a relatively small computational cost outperforming commonly used estimators. The GAME sampler is implemented in the MATLAB package of DREAM and simplifies considerably scientific inquiry through hypothesis testing and model selection.
Patterns of primary production and nutrient availability in a Bahamas lagoon with fringing mangroves

The role of submerged autotrophs in the productivity of tropical lagoons and the potential influence of fringing mangroves was investigated by characterizing primary productivity and nutrient patterns in a Bahamas lagoon. Sediment, water, and seagrass tissue nutrient content was determined at 5 sites along a transect from a fringe mangrove to tidal channel site. Productivity of seagrass Thalassia testudium, sandflats, and the mangrove prop-root algal community was measured along the transect using benthic chambers, while phytoplankton and epiphyte production was quantified via light-dark bottle experiments. Sediment phosphorus and nitrogen decreased from 0.24 ± 0.04 to 0.09 ± 0.01 and 3.23 ± 1.01 to 1.44 ± 0.69 mg g -1 dry wt from the mangrove to seagrass channel site. Nutrient levels in the water column and plant tissues followed a similar spatial trend. Leaf, root, and rhizome C:P molar ratios at the mangrove site (641 ± 30, 1208 ± 385, and 595 ± 71) were low compared to those of the lagoon (761 ± 70, 2220 ± 463, and 1137 ± 289) and channel (953 ± 42, 2177 ± 349, and 2003 ± 293) sites, indicating that seagrass beds adjacent to fringe mangroves have higher nutrient availability. While these nutrient trends were significant, they did not result in higher net community primary production (NPP) in beds adjacent to the mangroves. All seagrass sites had high NPP rates (1.65 to 2.29 g C m -2 d -1 ). NPP rates of epiphytes (5.22 ± 1.44 g C kg -1 d -1 ) and prop-root algae (8.54 ± 6.41 g C kg -1 d -1 ) approached those of seagrass (10.49 ± 3.76 to 13.18 ± 5.68 g C kg -1 d -1 ). Based on sediment, water column nutrient patterns and tissue stoichiometry, seagrasses in close proximity to the mangrove fringe had the greatest nutrient availability among sites. However, seagrass community NPP rates were similar across the nutrient gradient from the mangroves to the central channel. The fringe mangrove zone supported high algal production rates, contributing to total ecosystem primary production.
On The Settling And Response Times Of Underdamped Second-Order Systems

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells is one of the most widely used production host for the commercial production of biopharmaceuticals product. They have been extensively studied and developed, and today provide a stable platform for producing monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins. This study focused on the production of recombinant protein in suspension culture of CHO cells in spinner flask and shake flask.The CHO cells were transfected with DNA plasmid containing lac Z gene which codes for β-galactosidase. The β-galactosidase-expressing CHO cells were adapted to suspension culture. The agitation speed for both spinner and shake flask were adjusted accordingly. The experiments were carried out in duplicate and samples were taken for cell count, determination of glucose consumption, lactate production and protein level by using biochemical assay. Results showed that cell growth in spinner flask is more favorable than in shake flask. The cell concentration in spinner flask is 58% higher than in shake flask. On the other hand, specific activity of β-galactosidase is 25% higher in spinner flask compared to shake flask, at the same agitation speed. ABSTRAK: Masa enapan ternormal (t s/τ) nilai ayunan system terbit kedua, apabila fungsi memaksa ubah berperingkat (step-change forcing function (SCFF)) dijalankan ke atasnya, bergantung kepada kepekaan alat pengukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur respons (± x%). Satu percubaan dijalankan secara matematik untuk mengaitkan t s/τ to ± x% dengan mempergunakan ekspresi yang tepat dan mudah, pada sempadan bawah sampul reputan (lower boundary of the decay envelope (LBDE)). Dua hubungan yang diperolehi dikaji terhadap nilai ts/τ sebenar untuk julat jalur enapan ±1% ≤ ±x% ≤ ±6%, melingkungi julat pekali redaman 0.1 ≤ ζ ≤ 0.65. Walaupun hubungannya tidak tepat, trend umum merupakan penganggaran marginal t s/τ. Hubungan berdasarkan LBDE adalah berdasarkan LBDE yang telah dipermudahkan, ia dipilih kerana ianya senang dan agak tepat antara keduanya. Ini mendorong kepada perbezaan yang disarankan antara t s/τ dan waktu respons ternormal (t R/τ), dengan nilai 5/ ζ yang ditetapkan kemudiannya.
Educational game systems in artificial intelligence course

Article actuality based on fact that existing knowledge system aimed at future professional life of students: a skillful use game activity in educational process will teach students to look for alternative ways solving of real problems. The purpose of article lies in theoretical substantiation, development and testing of criteria, which must be met by special-purpose software oriented on gamification of educational process. A leading research method of the described problem is a method of simulation that allows to consider gamification as concentration and organized process for increasing the factor of student engagement in cognitive activity. This article aimed to demonstrate models of ideal educational game programs with optimum number of gamification elements, also article focused on development of such software, which will be not entertaining, but educational in nature. The article may be useful for researchers dealing with gamification issues and software developers, which works relate with educational programs.
Oxidative Damage Induced Telomere Mediated Genomic Instability in Cells from Ataxia Telangiectasia Patients

Our cellular genome is susceptible to cytotoxic lesions which include single strand breaks and double strand breaks among other lesions. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein was one of the first DNA damage sensor proteins to be discovered as being involved in DNA repair and as well as in telomere maintenance. Telomeres help maintain the stability of our chromosomes by protecting the ends from degradation. Cells from ataxia telangiectasia (AT) patients lack ATM and accumulate chromosomal alterations. AT patients display heightened susceptibility to cancer. In this study, cells from AT patients (called as AT -/- and AT +/- cells) were characterized for genome stability status and it was observed that AT -/- cells show considerable telomere attrition. Furthermore, DNA damage and genomic instability were compared between normal (AT +/+ cells) and AT -/- cells exhibiting increased frequencies of spontaneous DNA damage and genomic instability markers. Both AT -/- and AT +/- cells were sensitive to sodium arsenite (1.5 and 3.0 μg/ml) and ionizing radiation-induced (2 Gy, gamma rays) oxidative stress. Interestingly, telomeric fragments were detected in the comet tails as revealed by comet-fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, suggestive of telomeric instability in AT -/- cells upon exposure to sodium arsenite or radiation. Besides, there was an increase in the number of chromosome alterations in AT -/- cells following arsenite treatment or irradiation. In addition, complex chromosome aberrations were detected by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization in AT -/- cells in comparison to AT +/- and normal cells. Telomere attrition and chromosome alterations were detected even at lower doses of sodium arsenite. Peptide nucleic acid – FISH analysis revealed defective chromosome segregation in cells lacking ATM proteins. The data obtained in this study substantiates the role of ATM in telomere stability under oxidative stress.
Characterization of recombinant Arabian camel ( Camelus dromedarius ) insulin

The production of hormones by biotechnological approaches has contributed significantly to treatment of many diseases. DNA recombinant technology has facilitated production of new forms of insulin from many species and mammalian insulin to be used as a therapy for diabetic patients. In this study, proinsulin from Arabian camel was produced and characterized for the first time by recombinant technology. Recombinant camel proinsulin was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli to be produced and characterized it in vitro. Camel proinsulin sequence was compared with human insulin sequences. Camel proinsulin is 5.8 kDa in size and includes 87 amino acids with highly conserved domains. Proinsulins are highly conserved enzymes in many mammals; camel proinsulin possesses 87.5% homology to human proinsulin by amino acid sequences. The C peptide chain is made up of a total of 35 amino acids of which 27 amino acids are identical and the remaining are variable. The three dimensional structure of camel proinsulin was deduced for molecule homology studies with human proinsulin. The results suggest that, camel proinsulin cDNA may be used as a specific probe for proinsulin studies with other organisms and may serve biotechnology field as a model for future comparative enzymatic, therapeutic and pharmaceutical studies.
A mobile genetic element in Serratia marcescens, a causative agent of onion disease

Aim. To screen mobile genetic elements (MGE) in the bacterium which caused decay of field-grown onion bulb and to study an integron and gene cassettes associated. Methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR products sequencing were used for both the bacterium and MGE identification. Terminally-labeled Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis was performed for detection of any bacterium in the onion bulb tissue. Results. The bacterium, which caused field-grown onion decay, was identified by nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA genes to be S. marcescens known as phytopathogen. However, this isolate did not respond to specific primers designed for pathogenic strains. Inoculation of onion (Allium cepa L.), Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyhn, and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds resulted in biomass promotion of symptomless plants. PCR revealed the presence of a class 1 integron in S. marcescens IMBG291 which represents the first isolation of this integron in phytopathogenic Serratia species. The gene cassettes harbored by the integron have been represented with the promoterless genes encoded formiminoglutamate deiminase and ascorbate-specific phosphotransferase system enzyme IIC, and with additional three senseless sequences flanked by a 59-bp element. Conclusion. S. marcescens IMBG291 exhibited plant growth promotion or pathogenicity, depending on the environmental situation, due to horizontally acquired new gene cassettes located in the integron.
Implementing Secure Key Coordination Scheme for Line Topology Wireless Sensor Networks

There has been a significant increase in the implementation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in different disciplines, including the monitoring of maritime environments, healthcare systems and industrial sectors. WSNs must regulate different sorts of data transmission such as routing protocols and secure key management protocols. An efficient WSNs ’ architecture must address the capability for remote sensor data management, for example encrypted transmitting data between nodes. This system demonstrates the capability to adapt its sensor members in the network in response to environmental changes or the condition of sensor nodes. The key management technique for any secure application must minimally provide security services such as authenticity, confidentiality, integrity, scalability (S), and flexibility. This chapter studies and analyzes different key management schemes that are implemented in WSN applications and evaluates the performance of secure key coordination algorithm for line topology WSNs. This scheme provides traveling packet for a source to end user via an individually encrypted link between authenticated sensor nodes. It will be shown how securityalgorithms are applied on a network, such as advanced encryption standard (AES)-based WSNs in real time, e.g., Waspmote sensor platform at the University of Limerick Campus.
Moving rubber to a better place - and extracting rents from credit constrained farmers along the way

While traders of agricultural products are known to often exercise market power, this power has rarely been quantified for developing countries. In order to derive a measure, we estimate the traders' revenue functions and calculate the Marginal Value Products directly from them. We subsequently find determinants affecting their individual market power. An exceptional data set with detailed information on the business practices of rubber traders in Jambi, Indonesia is employed. Results show that market power at the traders' level exists and is substantial. This market power is amplified in situations of extreme remoteness, and weakens with increasing market size.
Recent advance in high manufacturing readiness level and high temperature CMOS mixed-signal integrated circuits on silicon carbide

A high manufacturing readiness level silicon carbide (SiC) CMOS technology is presented. The unique process flow enables the monolithic integration of pMOS and nMOS transistors with passive circuit elements capable of operation at temperatures of 300 °C and beyond. Critical to this functionality is the behaviour of the gate dielectric and data for high temperature capacitance–voltage measurements are reported for SiO2/4H-SiC (n and p type) MOS structures. In addition, a summary of the long term reliability for a range of structures including contact chains to both n-type and p-type SiC, as well as simple logic circuits is presented, showing function after 2000 h at 300 °C. Circuit data is also presented for the performance of digital logic devices, a 4 to 1 analogue multiplexer and a configurable timer operating over a wide temperature range. A high temperature micro-oven system has been utilised to enable the high temperature testing and stressing of units assembled in ceramic dual in line packages, including a high temperature small form-factor SiC based bridge leg power module prototype, operated for over 1000 h at 300 °C. The data presented show that SiC CMOS is a key enabling technology in high temperature integrated circuit design. In particular it provides the ability to realise sensor interface circuits capable of operating above 300 °C, accommodate shifts in key parameters enabling deployment in applications including automotive, aerospace and deep well drilling.
The Cretaceous and Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Southeast Asia

Abstract. Tectonic reconstructions of Southeast Asia have given rise to numerous controversies that include the accretionary history of Sundaland and the enigmatic tectonic origin of the proto-South China Sea. We assimilate a diversity of geological and geophysical observations into a new regional plate model, coupled to a global model, to address these debates. Our approach takes into account terrane suturing and accretion histories, the location of subducted slabs imaged in mantle tomography in order to constrain the evolution of regional subduction zones, as well as plausible absolute and relative plate velocities and tectonic driving mechanisms. We propose a scenario of rifting from northern Gondwana in the latest Jurassic, driven by northward slab pull from north-dipping subduction of Tethyan crust beneath Eurasia, to detach East Java, Mangkalihat, southeast Borneo and West Sulawesi blocks that collided with a Tethyan intra-oceanic subduction zone in the mid-Cretaceous and subsequently accreted to the Sunda margin (i.e., southwest Borneo core) in the Late Cretaceous. In accounting for the evolution of plate boundaries, we propose that the Philippine Sea plate originated on the periphery of Tethyan crust forming this northward conveyor. We implement a revised model for the Tethyan intra-oceanic subduction zones to reconcile convergence rates, changes in volcanism and the obduction of ophiolites. In our model the northward margin of Greater India collides with the Kohistan–Ladakh intra-oceanic arc at ∼53 Ma, followed by continent–continent collision closing the Shyok and Indus–Tsangpo suture zones between ∼42 and 34 Ma. We also account for the back-arc opening of the proto-South China Sea from ∼65 Ma, consistent with extension along east Asia and the formation of supra-subduction zone ophiolites presently found on the island of Mindoro. The related rifting likely detached the Semitau continental fragment from South China, which accreted to northern Borneo in the mid-Eocene, to account for the Sarawak Orogeny. Rifting then re-initiated along southeast China by 37 Ma to open the South China Sea, resulting in the complete consumption of proto-South China Sea by ∼17 Ma when the collision of the Dangerous Grounds and northern Palawan blocks with northern Borneo choked the subduction zone to result in the Sabah Orogeny and the obduction of ophiolites in Palawan and Mindoro. We conclude that the counterclockwise rotation of Borneo was accommodated by oroclinal bending consistent with paleomagnetic constraints, the curved lithospheric lineaments observed in gravity anomalies of the Java Sea and the curvature of the Cretaceous Natuna paleo-subduction zone. We complete our model by constructing a time-dependent network of topological plate boundaries and gridded paleo-ages of oceanic basins, allowing us to compare our plate model evolution to seismic tomography. In particular, slabs observed at depths shallower than ∼1000 km beneath northern Borneo and the South China Sea are likely to be remnants of the proto-South China Sea basin.
Experiments on instability of columnar vortex pairs in rotating fluid

We present results from a new series of experiments on the geophysically important issue of the instability of anticyclonic columnar vortices in a rotating fluid in circumstances such that the Rossby number exceeds unity. The vortex pair consisting of a cyclonic and an anticyclonic vortex is induced by a rotating flap in a fluid which is itself initially in a state of solid-body rotation. The anticyclonic vortex is then subject to either centrifugal or elliptical instability, depending on whether its initial ellipticity is small or large, while the cyclone always remains stable. The experimental results demonstrate that the perturbations due to centrifugal instability have a typical form of toroidal vortices of alternating sign (rib vortices). The perturbations due to elliptical instability are of the form of sinuous deformation of the vortex filament in the plane of maximal stretching which corresponds to the plane of symmetry for the vortex pair. The initial perturbations in both cases are characterized by a definite wave number in the vertical direction. The characteristics of the unstable anticyclone are determined by the main nondimensional parameter of the flow - the Rossby number. The appearance of both centrifugal and elliptical instabilities are in accord with the predictions of theoretical criteria for these cases.
ORIGINAL GOAL ORIENTATIONS , SATISFACTION , BELIEFS IN SPORT SUCCESS AND MOTIVATIONAL CLIMATE IN SWIMMERS

The present study had several objectives; to check the relationships between goal orientations, satisfaction, beliefs about the causes of success in sport and motivational climate perceived in swimmers; to examine the effect of goal orientation in different dimensions analyzed, and finally to predict goal orientation. The sample consisted of 163 swimmers. The instruments used were validated to Castilian versions of TEOSQ, SSI, BACSSQ and PMCSQ-2. There were three types of statistical analyzes: bivariate correlation analysis, multivariate analysis (MANOVA 2x2) and multiple linear regression analysis stepwise multivariate. The results showed that capacity and boredom are predictors of goal orientation towards the ego, while effort and fun are the goal orientations to the task.