Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Channel, Microwave-Based, Compact Printed Sensor for Simultaneous and Independent Level Measurement of Eight Liquids

Industrial automation relies on sensing the process parameters like liquid levels. Simultaneous sensing of multiple fluids is especially useful for many automation processes involving multiple ingredients. Some of the desirable features in any level sensor are its non-intrusiveness, high accuracy, and consistent performance. These features can be achieved with typical microwave radar-based level sensors. However, this paper presents a microwave resonance method instead of typical microwave reflectance (radar) to reliably sense the liquid level at fraction of the cost using a unique printed sensor. In addition to that, sensor design presented in this paper enables sensing liquid level of eight liquids simultaneously and independently utilizing its multiple channels. An array of eight modified microwave T-resonators has been compactly packed inside a metallic cylinder of just $4"$ diameter where the resonators share the same ground plane. Sensors’ performance, to measure the unknown level of eight different fluids (with dielectric constant ( $\in _{\mathbf {r}}$ ) ranging from 2.8 to 80), has been measured in real time using a custom-built software. Simple one point calibration procedure has also been proposed in this paper which has resulted into measurement accuracy of ~0.6% which is better than 1%, realizable with high-end and expensive radar based level sensors
Wise Investments: A Yearlong Pilot Program Introducing Engineering To Teachers And Counselors

A recent, successful project within the Women in Applied Sciences and Engineering (WISE) Program at Arizona State University, WISE Investments, was designed to teach middle and high school math and science teachers to integrate engineering concepts and applications into their curricula. Integrating engineering into math and science curriculum provides relevance and context for what the students are learning, encourages students to continue their math and science studies, and motivates students to consider engineering and related careers. Furthermore, by presenting engineering as a helping profession, these applications may particularly appeal to females and minorities. Unfortunately, many math and science teachers are unaware of how engineers use math and science to solve problems. WISE Investments was also designed in order to teach middle and high school guidance counselors how to enhance their efforts to support and to encourage underrepresented students to pursue engineering and related careers. Including guidance counselors helps to create a support network for underrepresented students’ pursuit of engineering and related fields. These interventions will ultimately increase the number of women and minorities pursuing degrees in engineering and related fields. As a kick-off to the yearlong program, WISE Investments brought 24 middle and high school math and science teachers, from 11 schools, and six district-level administrators, from five participating school districts, to ASU for a two-week intensive summer workshop in engineering. For the first week of the workshop, a counselor from each of the 11 schools also joined each team, but participated in a somewhat specialized workshop. On-campus labs focussed on different areas of engineering with a unifying theme of "Engineering as a Helping Profession. ” They included hands-on activities that could be replicated or easily modified for use in a middle school or high school classroom. Teachers participated in two industry tours and heard a number of presentations by lunchtime keynote speakers from engineering-related industries. A two-week internship with one of the industry partners was included in the WISE Investments program as part of the year-long activities for the participants.
A Simplified Model-Based State-of-Charge Estimation Approach for Lithium-Ion Battery With Dynamic Linear Model

The performance of model-based state-of-charge (SOC) estimation method relies on an accurate battery model. Nonlinear models are thus proposed to accurately describe the external characteristics of the lithium-ion battery. The nonlinear estimation algorithms and online parameter identification methods are needed to guarantee the accuracy of the model-based SOC estimation with nonlinear battery models. A new approach forming a dynamic linear battery model is proposed in this paper, which enables the application of the linear Kalman filter for SOC estimation and also avoids the usage of online parameter identification methods. With a moving window technology, partial least squares regression is able to establish a series of piecewise linear battery models automatically. One element state-space equation is then obtained to estimate the SOC from the linear Kalman filter. The experiments on a LiFePO4 battery prove the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with the extended Kalman filter with two resistance and capacitance equivalent circuit model and the adaptive unscented Kalman filter with least squares support vector machines.
since Political institutions since 1820

of freedom their capacity on the of two major research the PolityIV dataset and the dataset, which focuses on electoral participation and competition. Strengths and weaknesses of both databases are discussed. The shows that global averages are tending to rise according to both datasets, but with significant differences in timing. Both datasets also show that the Offshoots and Western Europe took the lead in this process, while other parts of the globe often experienced a much less gradual evolution, with occasional violent swings in political rights. in the there an in the quality of political
Understanding Citizen Issues through Reviews: A Step towards Data Informed Planning in Smart Cities

Governments these days are demanding better Smart City technologies in order to connect with citizens and understand their demands. For such governments, much needed information exists on social media where members belonging to diverse groups share different interests, post statuses, review and comment on various topics. Aspect extraction from this data can provide a thorough understanding of citizens’ behaviors and choices. Also, categorization of these aspects can better summarize societal concerns regarding political, economic, religious and social issues. Aspect category detection (ACD) from people reviews is one of the major tasks of aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA). The success of ABSA is mainly defined by the inexpensive and accurate machine-processable representation of the raw input sentences. Previous approaches rely on cumbersome feature extraction procedures from sentences, which adds its own complexity and inaccuracy in performing ACD tasks. In this paper, we propose an inexpensive and simple method to obtain the most suitable representation of a sentence-vector through different algebraic combinations of a sentence’s word vectors, which will act as an input to any machine learning classifier. We have tested our technique on the restaurant review data provided in SemEval-2015 and SemEval-2016. SemEval is a series of global challenges to evaluate the effectiveness of disambiguation of word sense. Our results showed the highest F1-scores of 76.40% in SemEval-2016 Task 5, and 94.99% in SemEval-2015 Task 12.
H -chromene-3,5,7-triol

: On the basis of the knowledge from traditional herbal and folk medicine, flavonoids are among the most studied chemical classes of natural compounds for their potential activity as phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. We here describe the preparation of a semi-synthetic hydrazone derivative of quercetin, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydrazono)-4 H -chromene-3,5,7-triol, that was obtained via a single-step modification of the natural compound. The product was characterized by NMR, mass spectrometry and HPLC. Preliminary molecular modeling studies suggest that this compound could efficiently interact with PDE5. (1H, s, Hf of Hh), 6.15 (1H, s, Hh or Hf). 13 C { 1 H} - NMR (DMSO- d 6 , 100 MHz): δ C 177.2, 176.3, 169.5, 164.3, 161.1, 159.2, 156.5, 155.4, 148.1, 147.2, 145.5, 138.4, 136.2, 126.3, 122.4, 120.4, 116.0, 115.5, 110.9. ESI-MS found 438.454 (C 21 H 16 N 3 O 8+ . [M + H] + ), calc. 438.366.
Measurements of the Rotordynamic Response of a Rotor Supported on Porous Type Gas Bearing

A test rig is built in this study to measure the rotordynamic response of a rotor supported on porous-type gas bearings. A rotor with a double impulse turbine at one end is driven by compressed air and supported on two porous type journal gas bearings and a pair of bump-type thrust gas bearings. The rotor is accelerated to ∼25 krpm and coasted down in the test. The rotor dynamic response is measured for different bearing supply pressures (i.e., 0.40 MPa, 0.45 MPa, and 0.50 MPa) and imbalance masses (i.e., 85 mg, 150 mg, and 215 mg). Synchronous and subsynchronous amplitudes are extracted from the rotor responses. The critical speed increases as the bearing supply pressure increases, but the damping ratio decreases. The onset speed of subsynchronous motion increases, and the subsynchronous amplitude decreases as the bearing supply pressure increases. The deceleration time is more than 5 min for a bearing supply pressure of 0.5 MPa, which reveals the very low drag friction of the porous gas bearings. The synchronous amplitude increases as the imbalance increases for all the tested bearing supply pressures. The critical speeds for different imbalances are almost the same, except for the out-of-phase imbalance condition under a bearing supply pressure of 0.50 MPa, in which the critical speed increases as the imbalance increases. The normalized synchronous amplitude shows the rotor-bearing system behaves almost in a linear fashion for all in-phase imbalance conditions. Nonlinear behavior is shown around the critical speed for the 215 mg out-of-phase imbalance condition under a bearing supply pressure of 0.50 MPa. The onset speed of the subsynchronous motion decreases as the imbalance increases under the in-phase imbalance condition. The predominant mode of vibration changes from cylindrical to conical and then back to cylindrical as the rotor speed decreases during the coast down test for the in-phase imbalance conditions. However, the rotor vibration mode is predominantly conical during the whole coast down test for the out-of-phase imbalance conditions.
Modified Flux Linkage Observer for Sensorless Direct Thrust Force Control of Linear Vernier Permanent Magnet Motor

The linear vernier permanent magnet (LVPM) motor incorporates the merits of high efficiency, simple mechanism, and low cost, which have a bright future in urban rail transportation. This paper proposes a new sensorless direct thrust force control (DTFC) for the LVPM motor. The novelty is the introduction of a modified flux linkage observer, which has strong robustness against the interferences, no phase lag, and no attenuation. Compared with conventional flux linkage calculation methods, the proposed observer can provide desirable flux linkages, which increases the robustness of the sensorless DTFC system. Simulation and experimental results based on an LVPM motor drive demonstrate the accuracy and robustness. The validations in the aspect of the robustness to parameter errors, measurement errors, and noise show the superiorities of the modified flux linkage observer.
Ontology-Based Knowledge Management System for Digital Highway Construction Inspection

Inspection is critical to ensuring the quality of infrastructure construction. In recent years, state highway agencies (SHAs) have been facing the challenge of a shortage of experienced inspectors due to retirements, workforce downsizing, and resignations to take jobs in the private sector. There is a critical need to retain and manage the accumulated construction inspection knowledge (what, when, and how to inspect) and integrate this knowledge into the construction business process. This paper presents an ontological approach to managing inspection knowledge and the development of a risk-based digital inspection system integrated with the construction process. The developed system consists of five knowledge compartments: inspection activities prioritized based on risk; activity-centered pay items; inspection check items; detailed checks that include priority, frequency, object, attribute, and acceptance criteria; and training materials (optional). This risk-based system is designed to align with the construction process by connecting an activity to a pay item and that pay item to a check item, resulting in an automatically generated comprehensive inspection checklist for the activity. The optional training materials are designed to train inspectors in real time on an as-needed basis. Since risk is embedded in every knowledge compartment, this system not only automates and retains the inspection knowledge but also enables SHAs to allocate their limited resources to the most critical items. This system is currently being implemented by the Indiana Department of Transportation as a digital inspection protocol integrated in its e-construction process.
A Novel Capacity Market Model With Energy Storage

Electricity jurisdictions procure generation capacity requirements competitively which maintains investment flows into the electricity system infrastructure. The capacity market auction is one of such competitive capacity procurement methods. It is challenging to consider energy storage (ES) capacity offers in capacity markets due to complex capacity contribution characteristics and lack of explicit mechanisms to integrate them. However, ES capacity can be used to manage the system peak demand. ES can substitute for peaker plants, especially if the demand curve is kurtosis. This paper proposes novel ES capacity contribution formulas and a comprehensive capacity auction model which is designed to consider capacity offers including energy-limited technologies such as ES. After all offers are converted to unforced capacity (UCAP), their energy limitations do not affect bid selection in the market. The proposed novel ES UCAP computation formulas consider power capacity, energy capacity and operational attributes. This paper also presents the results of a case study with three capacity supply offers and a case study based on actual Ontario system data. A detailed sensitivity analysis is also included in the paper to show the validity of the proposed ES UCAP formulas in the auction model. The proposed formulas provide significant benefits in successfully procuring ES capacity offers.
Open Research Online Body size and weight, and the nutrition and activity behaviors of sexual and gender minority youth: Findings and implications from New Zealand

To describe the body size and weight, and the nutrition and activity behaviors of sexual and gender 5 minority (SGM) students, and compare them with those of exclusively opposite-sex-attracted 6 cisgender students. Male and female SGM students were also compared. 0.40, 0.96). SGM students reported increased weight control behaviors, poor nutrition and inactivity. 28 Professionals, including public health nutritionists, must recognize and help to address the 29 challenges facing sexual and gender minorities.
Verification of the Stormwater Drainage System Overloads in Wrocław for an Assessment of Climate Change Effects

This paper presents a verification of the performance of the stormwater drainage system in Gaj and Tarnogaj residential developments in Wrocław with regard to climate changes, by means of a calibrated hydrodynamic model created within the SWMM software. The verification was carried out for two criterial rainfalls: the Euler model rainfall with occurrence frequency C = 3 years and an actual rainfall with C = 5 years. Two parameters: degree of flooding (DOF) and specific flood volume (SFV) were adopted to indicate potential system overloads. The simulations showed numerous outflows from the sewers, which means, that the investigated system needs adapting to climate changes. The causes of this should be sought in the too small diameters of the sewers and so in the insufficient hydraulic capacity of the sewerage system dimensioned in the past using methods which are inadequate today.
Coronal seismology

Sciences Division of the RussianAcademy of Sciences (RAS), entitled as ``Challenges in astrophysics'', was held at the conference hall of the Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS. The following reports were put on the session agenda posted on the website www.gpad. ac.ru of the RAS Physical Sciences Division: (1) Stepanov A V (Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory, RAS, St. Petersburg) ``Coronal seismology''; (2) Yakovlev D G (Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg) ``Superfluid neutron stars''. The papers written on the base of the oral reports are published below.
Graves' Disease in BALB/c Mice Induction of Experimental Autoimmune

We immunized BALB/c mice with M12 cells (H-2 d ) expressing either mouse (mM12 cells) or human thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) (hM12 cells). Immunized mice developed autoantibodies to native TSHR by day 90 and, by day 180, showed considerable stimulatory Ab activity as measured by their ability to enhance cAMP production (ranging from 6.52 to 20.83 pmol/ml in different treatment groups relative to 1.83 pmol/ml for controls) by TSHR-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells. These mice developed severe hyperthyroidism with signiﬁcant elevations in both tetraiodothyronine and triiodothyronine hormones. Tetraiodothyronine levels in different experimental groups ranged from a mean of 8.66–12.4 m g/dl, relative to 4.8 m g/dl in controls. Similarly, mean triiodothyronine values ranged from 156.18 to 195.13 ng/dl, relative to 34.99 ng/dl for controls. Next, we immunized BALB/c mice with a soluble extracellular domain of human TSHR (TBP), or TBP expressed on human embryonic kidney cells (293 cells) (293-TBP cells). These mice showed severe hyperthyroidism in a manner very similar to that described above for mice immunized with the mouse TSHR or human TSHR, and exhibited signiﬁcant weight loss, with average weight for treatment groups ranging from 20.6 to 21.67 g, while controls weighed 24.2 g. Early after onset of the disease, histopathological examination of thyroids showed enlargement of colloids and thinning of epithelial cells without inﬂammation. However, later during disease, focal necrosis and lymphocytic inﬁltration were apparent. Our results showed that conformationally intact ectodomain of TSHR is sufﬁcient for disease induction. Availability of a reproducible model
A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF SERVICE QUALITY, TOURIST SATISFACTION AND REVISIT INTENTION

In marketing studies there is a close relationship between service quality, tourist satisfaction and revisit intention from so many years. It is to be noted that despite of vast number of literature available, there is still need to investigate these three dimensions theoretically. Therefore, judgment of quality by consumer should be given the highest priority and his decision regarding the quality of service should be welcome by the suppliers. There is not clarity between the concept of service quality and tourist satisfaction and revisit intention. The purpose of this paper is to understand the concept between them with the help of SERVQUAL Model. Many organizations played an important role to understand it and they mainly focus on the revisit intention of the tourist. This conceptual paper also highlights the management strategies in tourism industry with future implication.
Parent-Child Attitudes and across Groups and Immigrant Generations

Romantic relationships are situated within broader cultural and family contexts, and this may be particularly salient to those in intergroup relationships. This study examined young adults’ experiences with intercultural romantic relationships within the family context. A sample of ethnically diverse young adults ( N = 628; Asian, Latino, and European background) reported on self and parent attitudes toward intercultural dating, own current dating status, and disapproval and conflict with parents over current and past dating status. Findings showed the importance of including cultural variations into the conceptualization of intergroup relationships, particularly for ethnic minority and recent immigrant groups. Variations by ethnic group and immigrant generational status were found across study aims. Participants of Asian background reported greater attitudinal discrepancies over intercultural dating with their parents, as well as greater rates of intercultural dating conflict with parents, than did participants of Latino background. First- and second-generation participants reported greater levels of intercultural dating conflict with parents than did third-generation participants. No differences were found by ethnic group or
HEALTH STATUS, NUTRITION, AND FRAGILE STATES 2

: Fragile states have several key characteristics: (1) uncertain control of territory and/or not having full control of legitimate use of force; (2) decline in legitimacy of collective and authoritative government decisions; (3) diﬃ culties with providing public goods and services; (4) problems with interacting with other states as a member of the larger international community. Data on Th e Fund for Peace’s Fragile State Index from 2016 are used to measure the dependent variable. Th e independent variables of interest are health and nutrition, to determine if these factors-as inﬂ uences on citizens’ behavior-would have anything to do with fragility. Th is paper, then, explores the role of two biosocial variables in aﬀ ecting degree of fragility. Results are discussed as well as implications.
A Modified Double Vectors Model Predictive Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Duty cycle model predictive torque control (Duty-MPTC) only uses zero vector as the second vector to form vector combinations, which restricts its torque control performance. This paper proposes a modified double vectors model predictive torque control (DVMPTC) by reasonably selecting active vector instead of zero vector. By analyzing the regulation of torque and flux of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the torque and flux difference parameters are obtained, and then a second vector selection table is established to determine the best vector combination for torque ripple suppression. Based on the torque and flux difference parameters, the duty cycle calculation method is proposed to reduce the calculation burden of the control system. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments with a 6-kW PMSM are carried out. Compared to the Duty-MPTC, the proposed DVMPTC method can significantly reduce the torque ripples with good dynamic performance and relatively low average switching frequency.