Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local Energy Management Unit for Residential Applications

Along the coming years, an important increase of the energy consumption in the world is expected, what will lead the energy sector to deal with several challenges such us availability of delivering the demanded energy, increase of the emissions and greenhouse effect. Energy Management Systems are being integrated with domestic and residential applications, which optimize the home energy consumption. The Local Energy Management Unit is presented in this paper that allows an optimized power demand to the Grid. It utilizes different types of communication (by using TCP and X10 protocols) with the aim of obtaining an efficient energy management and allowing a lower power consumption, which lets the user to decrease the cost of the electric invoice. A prototype has been built that shows energy management results. The power demanded from the Grid is kept constant regardless of the house power consumption. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eee. 19.7. 5164
Investigation of active vibration control system for trailed two-wheeled implements

This paper presents an active vibration control (AVC) system for trailed two-wheeled implements (TTWI) equipped with high precision electronic devices. With the aim of isolating disturbance forces to the devices, a hydraulically actuated vibration control system is devised. In order to suppress vibratory motions to the body components, considering the TTWI system characteristics, a vibration control and a force tracking control strategy is adopted. As the vibration controller, the adaptive and skyhook control schemes are applied. From full order and reduced order model for the actuating module, as the tracking controller, the sliding mode control scheme is adopted regarding parameter variations. On the basis of the roll plane TTWI system model, simulation work is performed. Finally, after implementation of the experimental setup with the TTWI system and the road simulating module considering practical requirements, actual performance of the devised AVC system is evaluated in various disturbance conditions.
Finite element methods and material processing technology, an addendum (1994‐1996)

This paper gives a review of the finite element techniques (FE) applied in the area of material processing. The latest trends in metal forming, non‐metal forming, powder metallurgy and composite material processing are briefly discussed. The range of applications of finite elements on these subjects is extremely wide and cannot be presented in a single paper; therefore the aim of the paper is to give FE researchers/users only an encyclopaedic view of the different possibilities that exist today in the various fields mentioned above. An appendix included at the end of the paper presents a bibliography on finite element applications in material processing for 1994‐1996, where 1,370 references are listed. This bibliography is an updating of the paper written by Brannberg and Mackerle which has been published in Engineering Computations, Vol. 11 No. 5, 1994, pp. 413‐55.
Compact PCF modal interferometer for sensor applications built by splicing

Presented is a compact, all-PCF modal interferometer made by fusion splicing. The splices were performed in such a way as to cause the holes of the PCF to collapse over the length of the splice. The modal interferometer is created by the segment of a birefringent PCF, including the micro-collapses at the ends, and SMF-28 pigtails spliced to it. Obtained spectra of the interferometer and an estimation of its parameters are presented. The effect of tensile strain on the spectrum is illustrated. The application possibilities of the constructed interferometer for sensors are given.
Design Parameters Optimization of Cutting Head of Cantilever Roadheader Based on Genetic Algorithm

For hard rocks whose protodyakonov scale of hardness f are greater than 8, research on the optimization design of cutting head of cantilever roadheader. Optimization model of the cutting head was established, in this model, the objective function was established based on dust mount, energy consumption and production efficiency. The design variables contain cutting head structural and kinetic parameters, the constraints are determined in accordance with working condition and practical experience. Cutting head parameters are optimized with parameters change related to rock strength, using genetic algorithm in Matlab7.0. A variety of cutting parameters optimization results related to rock strength are of great significance for the structural design of the cutting head and selection of kinetic parameters.
Priority of Residential Choice and Housing Satisfaction among Studio-type Multi-family Housing Dwellers in the City of Gwangju

The purpose of this study is to gather baseline data on perceived priority of residential choice and housing satisfaction rates among consumers with the aim of using this information for future planning. Self-administered questionnaires were provided to 196 studio-type multi-family housing dwellers in the City of Gwangju from 2009 Apri 5th to 29th. The collected data was used to conduct comparative and descriptive statistical analysis: factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis. The main findings obtained are as follows: Firstly, in relation to perceived priority of residential choice, dwellers identified seven factors as important. Secondly, in terms of housing satisfaction about a unit room, the respondents identified five factors as important. This study confirmed that there existed passive correlation between priority of residential choice and housing satisfaction among residents in studio-type multi-family housings in Gwangju. It is very necessary to project a studio-type multi-family housing close to transportation for easy access, avoiding commercial districts. Delicate interior and design will attract more female residents as well as fully-equipped parking lots for people who drive to their workplace. According to research on a degree of housing satisfaction, all respondents expressed dissatisfaction with "noise". Therefore, in dealing with construction plans of studio apartment units, from now on, sound proofing facilities are required to reduce the acoustic invasion of privacy, especially, for units with more than two people. In order to satisfy all the demand of residents in studio apartment units, we have to pursue systematic and succeeding research about a studio-type multi-family housing well-fitted for the actual circumstances of local area and suitable for longer stay. To sum up, more research and development will be required for high-class studio-type multiplex housing for sale in dealing with households with financial stability such as two-paycheck couples, so-called DINK, or a professional single person, in the future.
Servo Tracking of Moving Object Based on Particle Filter

We present a servo control model in a particle filter to realize robust visual object tracking. Particle filter has attracted much attention due to its robust tracking performance in cluttered environments. However, most methods are in the mode of moving object and stationary camera, as a result, the tracking will become failure if the object goes out of the field of view of the camera. In this paper, a closed loop control model based on speed regulation is proposed to drive the pan/tilt/zoom(PTZ) camera to keep the target in the center of the camera angle. The experiment result shows that our system can track the moving object well, and can always keep the object in the middle of the field of view. The system is computationally efficient and can run in real-time completely.
Neural-Network Models of Rainfall-Runoff Process

Spatially distributed rainfall patterns can now be detected using a variety of remote–sensing techniques ranging from weather radar to various satellite–based sensors. Conversion of the remote–sensed signal into rainfall rates, and hence into runoff for a given river basin, is a complex and difficult process using traditional approaches. Neural–network models hold the possibility of circumventing these difficulties by training the network to map rainfall patterns into various measures of runoff that may be of interest. To investigate the potential of this approach, a very simple 5 × 5 grid cell synthetic watershed is used to generate runoff from stochastically generated rainfall patterns. A back–propagation neural network is trained to predict the peak discharge and the time of peak resulting from a single rainfall pattern. Additionally, the neural network is trained to map a time series of three rainfall patterns into a continuum of discharges over future time by using a discrete Fourier series fit to the runoff hydrograph.
Robust RM filters for radar image processing

Novel robust algorithms using combined rank and M-estimations applicable to image and signal processing are proposed. They are based on analysis of statistical characteristics of images and permit to enhance the quality of radar images by means of effective speckle suppression, impulsive noise removal and edge preservation. The advantages of these digital algorithms are demonstrated by simulated images and real data.
High quality shadow masks for top contact organic field effect transistors using deep reactive ion etching

In this paper, we demonstrate the fabrication of top-contact silicon shadow masks for organic field effect transistors (OFETs) using plasma deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). Over 50 parallel and interdigitated finger contact masks of 30 µm thickness have been created on a single silicon wafer, with lengths spanning from 6.5 to 60 µm and channel widths varying from 1000 to 50 000 µm. Unlike all other mask fabrication techniques to date, these shadow masks are inexpensive, reusable, have nanoscopically sharp edges and can be made with precise (nanoscale) control over various sizes and shapes. Because a large number of these masks can be made at the same time, they can act as a platform for researchers studying new organic materials and OFET structures. Top contact OFETs have been successfully fabricated using these masks with performances comparable if not superior to those made with standard lithography.
The Application of welding numerical simulation on two typical welded structures in railway vehicles

The thin-plate structure and the box-beam structure are two typical welded structures in railway vehicles. Because of their structure complexity, bigger size and multi-seams, welding residual distortion which occur in welding process bring unfavorable effect on the quality of welding products manufacturing and service. As a result, welding distortion forecasting and control become an important and urgent research topic in railway vehicles. In this paper, three different numerical methods are presented corresponding to three typical types of welded structures of railway vehicles and welding deformation are simulated. Consistence of numerical results and experimental data proves the correctness of models and feasibility of simulation methods.
A Novel Estimate of The Domain of Attraction of an IDA-PBC of a Ball and Beam System1

Abstract The ball and beam system belongs to the class of underactuated mechanisms. Recently, several control design techniques have been proposed to control underactuated systems. The Interconnection and Damping Assignment (IDA) —a formulation of Passivity–Based Control (PBC)— is one of these control design tools. The IDA-PBC technique applied to the stabilization of the ball and beam has been recently reported. The contribution of this paper is a novel approach to obtain an estimate of the domain of attraction of the IDA-PBC ball and beam system that resolves the practical motivated formulation of ensuring simultaneously that the beam evolves within upward configurations and the ball remains in the beam. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate these results.
CMOS VLSI pilot and support chip for a liquid crystal on silicon 8x8 optical cross connect

With the explosion of Internet and multi-service traffic, telecommunication transport networks today are turning to Wavelength Division Multiplexing. Optical cross-connects (OXCs) allow flexible rerouting of wavelength channels. It has been shown that 2-D free-space beam deflection by nematic liquid crystal gratings provide a good solution for the realization of optical switches in OXCs. Operating in the telecom 1.5 micrometers wavelength region they serve as an active holographic element. Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) combined with VLSI technologies allow the fabrication of large capacity, low cost and low consumption compact free-space switches. An N X N optical switch can be built by cascading two LCOS-based spatial light modulators (SLMs). The first part of the paper describes a circuit that provides the physical support as well as piloting circuitry for such SLMs. It is capable of piloting beams from a linear array of 8 incoming fibers towards a similar array of 8 outgoing fibers. The electrode command voltages are analog while the external interface as well as on-chip memory is digital. The chip has been implemented in a CMOS 0.5 (mu) process with 600,000 transistors while die size is 320 mm2 (80 mm2 active area).
Value of Geotechnical Site Investigation in Reliability-Based Design

This study aims to address how efforts spent in geotechnical site investigation can link to the final design dimensions of a geotechnical structure. An example of pad foundation design supported by boulder clay (developed by European Technical Committee 10) is used as a demonstration. Three aspects of geotechnical information are addressed: variety of in-situ and laboratory tests, precision of the tests, and local experiences in soil properties that permit reduction of transformation uncertainties between test indices and design parameters. Three design methods (allowable stress design ASD, partial-factor design PFD, and reliability-based design RBD) are considered. Among these methods, RBD is found to be most responsive to the availability of geotechnical information, whether in the form of site investigation efforts and/or local experiences. It is accurate to say that RBD can fill a critical gap in current geotechnical design practice, namely to monetize the value of geotechnical information in the form of increase/reduction of construction costs associated with changes in the design dimensions.
The Architecture and Application of Preliminary Design Systems

The development of every new aero-engine follows a specific process; a sequence of steps or activities which an enterprise employs to conceive, design and commercialize a product. Typically, it begins with the planning phase, where the technology developments and the market objectives are assessed; the output of the planning phase is the input to the conceptual design phase where the needs of the target market are then identified, and alternative product concepts are generated and evaluated, and one or more concepts are subsequently selected for further development based on the evaluation. For aero-engines, the main goal of this phase is therefore to find the optimum engine cycle for a specific set of boundary conditions. This is typically done by conducting parameter studies where every calculation point within the study characterizes one specific engine design. Initially these engines are represented as pure performance cycles. Subsequently, other disciplines, such as Aerodynamics, Mechanics, Weight, Cost and Noise are accounted for to reflect interdisciplinary dependencies. As there is only very little information known about the future engine at this early phase of development, the physical design algorithms used within the various discipline calculations must, by default, be of a simple nature. However, considering the influences among all disciplines, the prediction of the concept characteristics translates into a very challenging and time intensive exercise for the pre-designer. This is contradictory to the fact that there are time constraints within the conceptual design phase to provide the results. Since the early 1970’s, wide scale efforts have been made to develop tools which address the multidisciplinary design of aero-engines within this phase. These tools aim to automatically account for these interdisciplinary dependencies and to decrease the time used to provide the results. Interfaces which control the input and output between the various subprograms and automated checks of the calculation results decrease the possibility of user errors. However, the demands on the users of such tools are expected to even increase, as such systems can give the impression that the calculations are inherently performed correctly. The presented paper introduces MTU’s preliminary design system Modular Performance and Engine Design System (MOPEDS). The results of simple calculation examples conducted using MOPEDS show the influences of the various disciplines on the overall engine system and are used to explain the architecture of such complex design systems. © 2011 ASME
High-power printed circuit traveling wave tubes

The printed circuit TWT is a low cost microwave amplifier specifically designed for applications such as phased-array radars where large numbers of tubes are required. The original successful printed circuit TWT provided 20 watts of power at L-band, and used a single printed meanderline for its microwave interaction circuit. For higher power and higher frequency operation, multiple circuits must be used. A study of the various modes that can exist on a multiple circuit slow-wave structure led to the successful construction of a 1.5 kw peak power printed circuit TWT at S-band. The mode study, the high power S-band tube, and a 100 watt peak power X-band multiple circuit tube will be discussed in the paper.
Measuring spatial accessibility and disparity to county hospitals in western China: based on the web map navigation data

Background The Chinese government proposed the initiative of "XIAO BING BU CHU CUN, DA BING BU CHU XIAN” in 2016, which means the rate of health care service provided by county hospitals should reach 90%. The prerequisite for achieving this goal is that residents can access to county hospitals’ services conveniently and impartially. However, little research reported the level of spatial accessibility of county hospitals in western China. Therefore, we aim to measure the spatial accessibility to county hospitals of county residents and identify regional disparities in Shaanxi Province in western China. Methods We implemented a novel method – navigation data of the AutoNavi map (knows as Gaode map in Chinese) – to assess time and distance from villages and neighborhoods to county hospitals. The navigation data was collected by requesting an application-programming-interface using a web crawler in Python. The minimum driving time and distance were extracted from the navigation data. The travel impedance to the nearest provider was used to measure spatial accessibility. Results The results show that county residents in northwestern China's Shaanxi Province have poor spatial accessibility to county hospitals. Only 68.8% of villages and neighborhoods can reach the county hospitals within 60 minutes, while 13.4% of them are reachable beyond 90 minutes. Moreover, a significant within-province disparity exists, with residents in the central area most accessible to county hospitals, while the north and south areas still need improvement. Conclusions Health resource planning is required to improve spatial accessibility and eliminate the regional disparity. Further studies are called for to integrate navigation data of web map with GIS methods to measure spatial accessibility of health facilities in more complex contexts.
Comparison of Silicon and Chalcogenide-based Chip-scale All-optical 2R Regenerators

Abstract An optical, 2R regenerator based on self phase modulation (SPM) spectral broadening, combining a 4 m-wide rib waveguide and a surface relief Bragg grating, both written on a 5 cm-long Si chip is proposed and theoretically analyzed. Because of the SPM nature and its origin of Kerr optical nonlinearities, this regenerator has subpicosecond response time. The nonlinear power transfer curves are plotted using 2.5 ps input pulses and regeneration can be done at 120 Gbit/s. It is tried to do all the simulations on both a Silicon (Si) and a Chalcogenide (ChG) chip with the same size and spectral properties to have a fair comparison between these two materials. Simulations show more practical nonlinear power transfer function with the Si chip comparing to the ChG one. The phase-shifted Bragg grating written on the same rib waveguide is proposed to regenerate 60 ps-wide pulses, for the first time.
Technical options and strategies for decarbonizing UK housing

The implications of some technical options for decarbonizing the UK domestic sector are explored. The main focus is on interactions between dwellings and the energy supply and conversion systems that support them, rather than on the detail of the dwelling stock. Synergies between the electricity supply system, intermediate energy-conversion systems and the dwelling envelope make it possible to achieve 60–70% reductions in CO2 emissions with plausible combinations of existing and/or emerging technologies. Sensitivity analysis shows that a halving of the carbon intensity of the UK electricity system, plausible improvements to dwelling envelopes, and extensive use of second law energy-conversion systems (typified by, but not restricted to, heat pumps and combined heat and power) to supply space and water heating render total CO2 emissions insensitive to demolition rates. As a result, increased demolition rates may be unnecessary to achieve deep cuts in carbon emissions from dwellings. Additional insights from this study are the strategic importance of decarbonizing the electricity system and the importance, in developing policy for this sector, of synergies between all components of the energy supply, distribution, conversion and end-use system. L'étude décrit les implications de plusieurs options techniques de décarbonisation du secteur intérieur britannique. Elle insiste davantage sur les interactions entre la fourniture d'énergie, les unités d'habitation et les systèmes de conversion dont elles sont équipées, que sur les caractéristiques des enveloppes des bâtiments. Des synergies entre le système de fourniture en électricité, les systèmes intermédiaires de conversion de l'énergie et le parc résidentiel permettraient d'atteindre entre 60 et 70% de réduction des émissions de CO2 grâce à des combinaisons plausibles de technologies existantes ou émergentes. L'analyse de sensibilité montre qu'en diminuant de moitié l'intensité carbone du système électrique du Royaume-uni, des améliorations plausibles apportées aux enveloppes des bâtiments et l'utilisation extensive de systèmes de conversion obéissant au deuxième principe de la thermodynamique – les pompes à chaleur et les systèmes de cogénération de chaleur et d'électricité en sont des exemples types, mais non exclusifs – pour assurer le chauffage des locaux et la génération d'eau chaude, rendraient le total des émissions de CO2 indépendant des taux de démolition. En conséquence, l'accélération des démolitions pourrait ne pas être nécessaire pour réduire de manière significative les émissions de carbone du parc résidentiel. Parmi les autres constatations de cette étude, citons l'importance stratégique de la décarbonisation du système de génération d'électricité et l'importance, pour l'élaboration des politiques de ce secteur, de synergies entre toutes les composantes de la fourniture, de la distribution, de la conversion et des systèmes d'utilisation finale de l'énergie. Mots clés: parc résidentiel, intensité carbone, changement climatique, réduction des émissions de CO2, décarbonisation, démolition, énergie, logement