Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
C. elegans PTEN and AMPK block neuroblast divisions by inhibiting a BMP-insulin-PP2A-MAPK pathway

ABSTRACT Caenorhabditis elegans that hatch in the absence of food stop their postembryonic development in a process called L1 arrest. Intriguingly, we find that the postembryonic Q neuroblasts divide and migrate during L1 arrest in mutants that have lost the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) negative regulator DAF-18/PTEN. We report that DBL-1/BMP works upstream of IIS to promote agonistic insulin-like peptides during L1 arrest. However, the abnormal Q cell divisions that occur during L1 arrest use a novel branch of the IIS pathway that is independent of the terminal transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO. Using genetic epistasis and drug interactions we show that AMPK functions downstream of, or in parallel with DAF-18/PTEN and IIS to inhibit PP2A function. Further, we show that PP2A regulates the abnormal Q cell divisions by activating the MPK-1/ERK signaling pathway via LIN-45/RAF, independently of LET-60/RAS. PP2A acts as a tumor suppressor in many oncogenic signaling cascades. Our work demonstrates a new role for PP2A that is needed to induce neuroblast divisions during starvation and is regulated by both insulin and AMPK. Summary: C. elegans PTEN and AMPK stop neuroblast divisions during starvation, and in their absence BMP induces insulin signaling, which in turn activates PP2A and MAPK to promote neuroblast divisions.
Measurement data in genetic fuzzy modelling of dynamic systems

The paper presents a genetic fuzzy rule-based approach to the modelling of complex dynamic systems and processes using measurement data that describe their behaviour. The application of the proposed technique to modelling an industrial gas furnace system (the so-called Box-Jenkins benchmark) using measurement data available from the repository at the University of Wisconsin at Madison (http://www.stat.wisc.edu/~reinsel/ bjr-data) is also presented in the paper.
RECRP: An Underwater Reliable Energy-Efficient Cross-Layer Routing Protocol †

A reliable energy-efficient routing protocol plays a key role in underwater data transmission. In the face of acoustic communication challenges in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), including long propagation delay, topology change, limited energy, and communication voids, we propose RECRP, a Reliable Energy-efficient Cross-layer Routing Protocol to achieve high data delivery rate. RECRP is a location-free single-copy protocol. The information of the physical layer such as Doppler scale shift measurement, Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), etc. are adopted to estimate the distance, thus no extra hardware is needed for localization. Moreover, the overhead introduced by redundant packets is avoided with the single-copy mechanism. To improve the two-hop packet delivery rate and balance energy consumption among adjacent nodes, an optimal max–min method is proposed that dynamically controls transmission power and channel frequency. Furthermore, a surface to bottom routing establishment method is also adopted to handle communication voids. Compared with depth-based routing (DBR) and hop-by-hop vector-based forwarding (HH-VBF), RECRP is more energy-efficient with a higher delivery rate.
Mental health treatment and work among African American and Caribbean Black welfare recipients.

OBJECTIVE Untreated depression among Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) participants greatly reduces chances of securing and holding gainful employment. METHOD Logistic regression models were estimated on data describing 1,000 African American and Caribbean Black TANF recipients and 2,123 African American and Caribbean Black non-TANF recipients obtained from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). RESULTS Black TANF participants were more likely than Black non-TANF participants to be depressed and treated. Treatment odds were lower for Caribbean Black than for U.S.-born Black TANF participants. CONCLUSION Results indicated that mental health treatment was likely among Black TANF participants if depression was identified. TANF participants working less than full-time did not receive as much treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
Towards Scalability Issue in Ontology-based Context-aware Systems

Ontology is a promising tool to organize and represent context information. It arguably is superior to other context models in formality of semantics and the ability to deduce new facts. However, further usage of ontology-based systems is hindered by the slow reasoning speed of ontology engines and the monolithism of ontology knowledge bases. This paper proposes a fast and complete algorithm to extract sub- databases from the knowledge base for a given task. This algorithm is "fast" because it does not require an OWL (Web Ontology Language) reasoning process when filtering existing OWL triples and when synchronizing newly-added triples. We proved the completeness of the algorithm via an extensive analysis of the OWL semantics.
Word-formation in original and translated English: Source language influence on the use of un- and -less

This article aims to assess whether the word-formation features of translated language, as opposed to original language, are source language (SL)-dependent or translation-related. To do so, we analyze the use of the -less and un- negative affixes in original English and in English translated from four SL: French, Italian, Dutch and German. Findings based on the Europarl corpus show that the use of -less and un- in translated English is partially SL-dependent.
Horn Cancer in Bovines and its Management

Two cattle (1 bullock and 1 cow) aged 6 to 8 years with trauma history to horn followed by gradual swelling and bending of left horn (cow) and foul smelling, purulent discharge from base of right horn (bullock). The animals were treated by dehorning followed by Copper sulphate cauterization and Vincristine therapy. Histological examination of cancerous tissue collected from middle region of horn core revealed typical keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma with characteristic epithelial pearls.
A comparison of logistic regression models with alternative machine learning methods to predict the risk of in-hospital mortality in emergency medical admissions via external validation

We compare the performance of logistic regression with several alternative machine learning methods to estimate the risk of death for patients following an emergency admission to hospital based on the patients’ first blood test results and physiological measurements using an external validation approach. We trained and tested each model using data from one hospital (n = 24,696) and compared the performance of these models in data from another hospital (n = 13,477). We used two performance measures – the calibration slope and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The logistic model performed reasonably well – calibration slope: 0.90, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.847 compared to the other machine learning methods. Given the complexity of choosing tuning parameters of these methods, the performance of logistic regression with transformations for in-hospital mortality prediction was competitive with the best performing alternative machine learning methods with no evidence of overfitting.
USTUR Case 0846: Modeling Americium Biokinetics After Intensive Decorporation Therapy

Abstract Decorporation therapy with salts of diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid binds actinides, thereby limiting uptake to organs and enhancing the rate at which actinides are excreted in urine. International Commission on Radiological Protection reference biokinetic models cannot be used to fit this enhanced exertion simultaneously with the baseline actinide excretion rate that is observed prior to the start of therapy and/or after the effects of therapy have ceased. In this study, the Coordinated Network on Radiation Dosimetry approach, which was initially developed for modeling decorporation of plutonium, was applied to model decorporation of americium using data from a former radiation worker who agreed to donate his body to the US Transuranium and Uranium Registries for research. This individual was exposed to airborne 241Am, resulting in a total-body activity of 66.6 kBq. He was treated with calcium-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid for 7 y. The time and duration of intakes are unknown as no incident reports are available. Modeling of different assumptions showed that an acute intake of 5‐μm activity median aerodynamic diameter type M aerosols provides the most reasonable description of the available pretherapeutic data; however, the observed 241Am activity in the lungs at the time of death was higher than the one predicted for type M material. The Coordinated Network on Radiation Dosimetry approach for decorporation modeling was used to model the in vivo chelation process directly. It was found that the Coordinated Network on Radiation Dosimetry approach, which only considered chelation in blood and extracellular fluids, underestimated the urinary excretion of 241Am during diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid treatment; therefore, the approach was extended to include chelation in the liver. Both urinary excretion and whole-body retention could be described when it was assumed that 25% of chelation occurred in the liver, 75% occurred in the blood and ST0 compartment, and the chelation rate constant was 1 × 10−10 pmol−1 d−1. It was observed that enhancement of urinary excretion of 241Am after injection of diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid exponentially decreased to the baseline level with an average half-time of 2.2 ± 0.7 d.
Epidemiology: An Introduction

1. Introduction to Epidemiologic Thinking 2. Pioneers in Epidemiology and Public Health 3. What is Causation? 4. Measuring Disease Occurrence and Causal Effects 5. Types of Epidemiologic Studies 6. Infectious Disease Epidemiology 7. Dealing with Biases 8. Random Error and the Role of Statistics 9. Analyzing Simple Epidemiologic Data 10. Controlling Confounding by Stratifying Data 11. Measuring Interactions 12. Using Regression Models in Epidemiologic Analysis 13. Epidemiology in Clinical Settings Appendix Index
Field weakening control of a PM vehicle drive

This paper develops a new field weakening method for an integrated permanent magnet synchronous machine vehicle drive. This method adopts both the DC-link and the rotor speed as a feedback signals to generate the demagnetising current reference. This eliminates the effect of the rotor speed on the FW controller dynamics and ensures stable operation across the whole range of speeds. Mathematical analysis of the system is used to design the controller gains to achieve the desired dynamic response. A maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy is included in the control design, with a linearised function to reduce the computational demand. Experimental results show stable and satisfactory operation at different speeds and load conditions. They also illustrate smooth transition between the MTPA operation and the FW operation when the rotor speed crosses base speed.
PCSK9 inhibitor therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes

Pro‐protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors bring about a wide reduction in low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, greater than that of other lipid‐lowering agents. The aim of this metanalysis was assessment of the effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on glucose metabolism, LDL cholesterol, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in individuals with and without diabetes.
Disk allocation methods for Cartesian product files by using error-correcting codes

Allocation methods for Cartesian product files on multiple disks using linear error-correcting codes are proposed. This allocation methods can be applied to queries in which the characteristic of each attribute is not uniform. The structure of Reed-Solomon codes over GF(p/sup m/), which give the strictly optimal allocation when all possible partial match queries are equiprobable, and the mapping by the basis for GF(p/sup m/) over the subfields is used. As a result, it is shown that a file is constructed by records which has the attributes in which the domain is partitioned by different number. The properties of this method are described. <<ETX>>
MarR Family Transcription Factors from Burkholderia Species: Hidden Clues to Control of Virulence-Associated Genes

Species within the genus Burkholderia exhibit remarkable phenotypic diversity. Genomic plasticity, including genome reduction and horizontal gene transfer, has been correlated with virulence traits in several species. SUMMARY Species within the genus Burkholderia exhibit remarkable phenotypic diversity. Genomic plasticity, including genome reduction and horizontal gene transfer, has been correlated with virulence traits in several species. However, the conservation of virulence genes in species otherwise considered to have limited potential for infection suggests that phenotypic diversity may not be explained solely on the basis of genetic diversity. Instead, differential organization and control of gene regulatory networks may underlie many phenotypic differences. In this review, we evaluate how regulation of gene expression by members of the multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR) family of transcription factors may contribute to shaping the physiological diversity of Burkholderia species, with a focus on the clinically relevant human pathogens. All Burkholderia species encode a relatively large number of MarR proteins, a feature common to bacteria that must respond to environmental changes such as those associated with host invasion. However, evolution of gene regulatory networks has likely resulted in orthologous transcription factors controlling disparate sets of genes. Adaptation to, and survival in, diverse habitats, including a human or plant host, is key to the success of Burkholderia species as (opportunistic) pathogens, and recent reports suggest that control of virulence-associated genes by MarR proteins features prominently among the survival strategies employed by these species. We suggest that identification of MarR regulons will contribute significantly to clarification of virulence determinants and phenotypic diversity.
Supporting distributed multimedia applications on ATM networks

ATM offers a number of features, such as high-bandwidth, and provision for per-connection quality of service guarantees, making it particularly attractive to multimedia applications. Unfortunately, the bandwidth available at ATM's data-link layer is not visible to the applications due to operating system (OS) bottlenecks at the host-network interface. Similarly, the promise of per-connection service guarantees is still elusive due lack of appropriate traffic control mechanisms. In this dissertation, we investigate both of these problems, taking multimedia applications as examples. The OS bottlenecks are not limited to the network interfaces, but affect the performance of the entire I/O subsystem. We propose to alleviate OS's I/O bottleneck by according more autonomy to I/O devices and by using a connection oriented framework for I/O transfers. We present experimental results on a video conferencing testbed demonstrating the tremendous performance impact of the proposed I/O architecture on networked multimedia applications. To address the problem of quality of service support in ATM networks, we propose a simple cell scheduling mechanism, named carry-over round robin (CORR). Using analytical techniques, we analyze the delay performance of CORR scheduling. Besides providing guarantees on delay, CORR is also fair in distributing the excess bandwidth. We show that albeit its simplicity, CORR is very competitive with other more complex schemes both in terms of delay performance and fairness.
Lymphotoxin‐β receptor‐NIK signaling induces alternative RELB/NF‐κB2 activation to promote metastatic gene expression and cell migration in head and neck cancer

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) preferentially spread to regional cervical tissues and lymph nodes. Here, we hypothesized that lymphotoxin‐β (LTβ), receptor LTβR, and NF‐κB‐inducing kinase (NIK), promote the aberrant activation of alternative NF‐κB2/RELB pathway and genes, that enhance migration and invasion of HNSCC. Genomic and expression alterations of the alternative NF‐kB pathway were examined in 279 HNSCC tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and a panel of HNSCC lines. LTβR is amplified or overexpressed in HNSCC of the larynx or oral cavity, while LTβ, NIK, and RELB are overexpressed in cancers arising within lymphoid oropharyngeal and tonsillar sites. Similarly, subsets of HNSCC lines displayed overexpression of LTβR, NIK, and RELB proteins. Recombinant LTβ, and siRNA depletion of endogenous LTβR and NIK, modulated expression of LTβR, NIK, and nuclear translocation of NF‐κB2(p52)/RELB as well as functional NF‐κB promoter reporter activity. Treatment with a NIK inhibitor (1,3[2H,4H]‐Iso‐Quinoline Dione) reduced the protein expression of NIK and NF‐κB2(p52)/RELB, and blocked LTβ induced nuclear translocation of RELB. NIK and RELB siRNA knockdown or NIK inhibitor slowed HNSCC migration or invation in vitro. LTβ‐induces expression of migration and metastasis related genes, including hepatocyte growth/scatter factor receptor MET. Knockdown of NIK or MET similarly inhibited the migration of HNSCC cell lines. This may help explain why HNSCC preferentially migrate to local lymph nodes, where LTβ is expressed. Our findings show that LTβ/LTβR promotes activation of the alternative NIK‐NF‐κB2/RELB pathway to enhance MET‐mediated cell migration in HNSCC, which could be potential therapeutic targets in HNSCC.
Multi-tier framework for management of web services' quality

Web services are a new breed of applications that endorse large support from main vendors from industry as well as academia. As the Web services paradigm becomes more mature, its management is crucial to its adoption and success. Existing approaches are often limited to the platforms under which management features are provided. In this chapter, we propose an approach to provide a unique central console for management of both functional and nonfunctional aspects of Web services. In fact, we aim at the development of a framework to provide management features to providers and clients by supporting management activities all along the lifecycle. The framework allows/forces providers to consider management activities while developing their Web services. It allows clients to select appropriate Web services using different criteria (e.g., name, quality, etc.). Clients also make use of the framework to check if the Web services they are actually using or planning to use are behaving correctly. We evaluate the Web services management features of our framework using a composite Web service.
3D hair synthesis using volumetric variational autoencoders

Recent advances in single-view 3D hair digitization have made the creation of high-quality CG characters scalable and accessible to end-users, enabling new forms of personalized VR and gaming experiences. To handle the complexity and variety of hair structures, most cutting-edge techniques rely on the successful retrieval of a particular hair model from a comprehensive hair database. Not only are the aforementioned data-driven methods storage intensive, but they are also prone to failure for highly unconstrained input images, complicated hairstyles, and failed face detection. Instead of using a large collection of 3D hair models directly, we propose to represent the manifold of 3D hairstyles implicitly through a compact latent space of a volumetric variational autoencoder (VAE). This deep neural network is trained with volumetric orientation field representations of 3D hair models and can synthesize new hairstyles from a compressed code. To enable end-to-end 3D hair inference, we train an additional embedding network to predict the code in the VAE latent space from any input image. Strand-level hairstyles can then be generated from the predicted volumetric representation. Our fully automatic framework does not require any ad-hoc face fitting, intermediate classification and segmentation, or hairstyle database retrieval. Our hair synthesis approach is significantly more robust and can handle a much wider variation of hairstyles than state-of-the-art data-driven hair modeling techniques with challenging inputs, including photos that are low-resolution, overexposured, or contain extreme head poses. The storage requirements are minimal and a 3D hair model can be produced from an image in a second. Our evaluations also show that successful reconstructions are possible from highly stylized cartoon images, non-human subjects, and pictures taken from behind a person. Our approach is particularly well suited for continuous and plausible hair interpolation between very different hairstyles.
Dense LU Factorization on Multicore Supercomputer Nodes

Dense LU factorization is a prominent benchmark used to rank the performance of supercomputers. Many implementations use block-cyclic distributions of matrix blocks onto a two-dimensional process grid. The process grid dimensions drive a trade-off between communication and computation and are architectureand implementation-sensitive. The critical panel factorization steps can be made less communication-bound by overlapping asynchronous collectives for pivoting with the computation of rank-k updates. By shifting the computationcommunication trade-off, a modified block-cyclic distribution can beneficially exploit more available parallelism on the critical path, and reduce panel factorization’s memory hierarchy contention on now-ubiquitous multicore architectures. During active panel factorization, rank-1 updates stream through memory with minimal reuse. In a column-major process grid, the performance of this access pattern degrades as too many streaming processors contend for access to memory. A blockcyclic mapping in the row-major order does not encounter this problem, but consequently sacrifices node and network locality in the critical pivoting steps. We introduce striding to vary between the two extremes of rowand column-major process grids. The maximum available parallelism in the critical path work (active panel factorization, triangular solves, and subsequent broadcasts) is bounded by the length or width of the process grid. Increasing one dimension of the process grid decreases the number of distinct processes and nodes in the other dimension. To increase the harnessed parallelism in both dimensions, we start with a tall process grid. We then apply periodic rotation to this grid to restore exploited parallelism along the row to previous levels. As a test-bed for further mapping experiments, we describe a dense LU implementation that allows a block distribution to be defined as a general function of block to processor. Other mappings can be tested with only small, local changes to the code.