Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is the Snodgrass technique suitable for different types of hypospadias? Single-center experience

Background: Hypospadias is a congenital penile defect and Tubularized Incised Plate (TIP) urethroplasty is a widely accepted option to repair this defect. Our experience about the outcome of hypospadias repair by this technique is discussed. Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study consisting of 80 cases, conducted between May 2017 to December 2019 at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maternity, and Children’s Hospital Dammam. All the cases with anterior, middle, and posterior hypospadias, who underwent Snodgrass TIP urethroplasty, were included in the study. The same surgeon performed all the operations. The follow-up period lasted for 2 years, after surgery and the final outcome of the procedure was recorded, based on the observations. Results: The age range of the patients varied between 1 to 9 years. Anterior hypospadias constituted 64 (80%) cases followed by middle hypospadias 13 (16.25%), and posterior hypospadias 3 (3.75%). By type, glanular hypospadias was the most common 30 (37.5%), followed by sub-coronal 19 (23.75%), coronal 15 (18.75%), mid-penile 11 (13.75%), proximal penile 2 (2.5%) and penoscrotal hypospadias 2(2.5%). Scrotal hypospadias was the least common type, 1 (1.25%). Overall complications that required re-intervention occurred in 16 (20%) cases. Urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) which occurred in 7 (8.75) cases was the most common complication, followed by meatal stenosis in 4 (5%) and glans dehiscence and urethral stricture 2 in each (2.5% each). Total repair disruption was the least common complication that was noticed in 1 (1.25%) case. Functional and cosmetic results were judged as satisfactory. Conclusion: For hypospadias repair, TIP urethroplasty is the procedure of choice for anterior hypospadias with excellent results. It is also quite suitable with middle hypospadias and acceptable for posterior hypospadias for selected cases. The overall complication rate is low and also offers very good functional and cosmetic results.
Kinematic Analysis of Planar Biomechanical Models using Mixed Coordinates

Kinematic analysis (KA) is a powerful tool used in the study of biomechanical systems, since it allows for the computation of the orientation of the model segments, trajectory of specific points, angular displacement of joints, among other variables of interest. Two approaches can be used to perform the kinematic analysis of multibody systems, namely, forward (FK) or inverse kinematics (IK). In the first case, the model is guided using linear and angular drivers calculated in a previous step. Afterwards, the consistent generalized coordinates are obtained by imposing the kinematic constraints that define the model. On the other hand, in IK the position and orientation of each segment is computed by minimizing the difference between the experimental data and a set of points belonging to the model, namely the coordinates of the system or other points of interest. This procedure allows for the fitting of the computational model to the experimental data.
Bedload geochemical and petrophysical signature of the Algal and Bohemian streams, James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula

This study presents the first geochemical and petrophysical data on the composition of the bedload sediments transported by the Algal and Bohemian Stream, and the latter’s prominent tributary: the Dirty Stream. The catchments of these rivers are partially glacierised, with only 2% and 6% ice cover in the Algal and Bohemian stream catchments, respectively. Therefore, the primary sources of liquid water to these rivers are snowmelt and active layer thawing. This study shows that the Cretaceous marine sedimentary rocks deposited in the back-arc James Ross Basin, which underlies the studied rivers, represent the main constituent of fluvial bedload. This is in contrast to suspended sediment loads, whose composition is a mixture of volcanic rocks from the surrounding James Ross Island Volcanic Group. This also suggests that bedload is only transported for a distance of few hundreds of metres, while suspended sediment load is transported throughout the Algal and Bohemian streams to the sea. It is anticipated that this work will serve as the source of data for further studies from fluvial geomorphology to river ecology.
College, Career, Commitment, Oh My: How Emerging Adult Women Balance Romantic Relationships, Career Plans, and Financial Stability

In a highly gendered society where both relational expectations and career aspirations are socialized goals, emerging adult women are uniquely positioned when considering their futures. Choices regarding education, career, and romantic relationships are linked to social pressures, leading young women to be conflicted about what goals to prioritize. This study analyzes interviews exploring how women in committed relationships currently in college, or recently graduated, are balancing these life domains at the intersection of gender in the United States. Findings indicate that emerging adult women struggle with their own desires for romantic commitment in the face of societal presumptions, logistical battles, and feelings of instability anxiety. Yet, commitment, communication, and faith in serendipity emerged as protective relationship factors. Although continuing a romantic relationship is not impossible during such instability, relationships for young women today may not exist without notable individual compromise and hold more significance concerning young women’s perceived autonomy.
Confederate Memorials and the Housing Market

Houses on streets with names that honor the Confederacy sell for 3% less than other similar nearby houses. The effect is concentrated outside the South and in regions with greater Black populations and more left-leaning voters, and it increases following attention-grabbing events that highlight the racial underpinnings of Confederate symbols. Confederate listings are also more likely to experience long durations and sell at large discounts relative to listing prices. Consistent with residential sorting, Confederate-memorial houses are less likely to be occupied by Black, collegeeducated, or Democratic-voting residents. The findings suggest that Confederate memorials can have direct effects on asset markets. JEL: G1, G51, H7, R21, R28, R31
The Efficacy of “POL: PLL & PLR” Method to Enhance Pre-University Students’ Understanding of Buffer Solution

The purpose of this classroom research was to see whether the method of Portfolio of Learning (POL): Pre-Lesson Learning & Post-Lesson Reflection (PLL & PLR) could enhance understanding of a chemistry concept, i.e., buffer solution, amongst pre-university students from a local institution located in the Federal Territory of Labuan, Malaysia. The sample was amongst the researcher’s tutorial group students; thirty-four (34) students in total. Initial observation showed that the students were struggling to grasp even the most basic chemistry concepts due to their poor learning strategies/skills. Therefore, this had served as the impetus for this research to be conducted. The group of students was equally divided into two (2) groups; the control group (CG) & the experimental group (EG). The T-Test analysis of the collected data showed a significant difference between the CG’s mean score and the EG’s mean score; t = 4.211, p =0.000216 (p < 0.001). Therefore, the study successfully validated the effectiveness of the proposed method of learning for enhancing the level of understanding of buffer solutions.
Dysregulation of S-adenosylmethionine Metabolism in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Leads to Polyamine Flux and Oxidative Stress

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the number one cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, with 25% of these patients developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH significantly increases the risk of cirrhosis and decompensated liver failure. Past studies in rodent models have shown that glycine-N-methyltransferase (GNMT) knockout results in rapid steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma progression. However, the attenuation of GNMT in subjects with NASH and the molecular basis for its impact on the disease process is still unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we show the reduction of GNMT protein levels in the liver of NASH subjects compared to healthy controls. To gain insight into the impact of decreased GNMT in the disease process, we performed global label-free proteome studies on the livers from a murine modified amylin diet-based model of NASH. Histological and molecular characterization of the animal model demonstrate a high resemblance to human disease. We found that a reduction of GNMT leads to a significant increase in S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), an essential metabolite for transmethylation reactions and a substrate for polyamine synthesis. Further targeted proteomic and metabolomic studies demonstrated a decrease in GNMT transmethylation, increased flux through the polyamine pathway, and increased oxidative stress production contributing to NASH pathogenesis.
Lyapunov-based Robust Adaptive Configuration of the UAS-S4 Flight Dynamics Fuzzy Controller

Abstract In tandem with the fast-growing demand for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for surveillance and reconnaissance, advanced controllers for these critical systems are needed. This paper proposes a flight dynamics controller design that considers various uncertainties for the Hydra Technologies UAS-S4 Ehécatl. In order to be realistic, in addition to flight dynamics nonlinearities, three main sources of uncertainties are considered, as those caused by unknown controller’s parameters, modeling errors, and external disturbances. A Robust adaptive fuzzy logic controller is designed, in charge of nonlinear flight dynamics in presence of a variety of uncertainties. The nonlinear flight dynamics is modeled based on the Takagi-Sugeno method relying on the soft association of local linear models. Since this controller is model-based, an optimal reference model is defined, which is stabilised by the Linear Quadratic Regulator procedure. A fuzzy logic controller is then designed for the nonlinear model. Lastly, with the aim to handle the uncertainties, the gains of the fuzzy controller are reconfigured, and are continuously adjusted by Lyapunov-based robust adaptive laws. The performance of the UAS-S4 Robust adaptive fuzzy logic controller is evaluated in terms of lateral and longitudinal flight dynamics stabilisation, and the reference model state variables tracking under various uncertainties.
The Magnitude of Exhumation in the Kidson Sub-basin, Western Australia, using Thermal and Compaction Techniques

The Kidson Sub-basin which forms the largest tectonic province of the Canning Basin has high potential for Uranium, sediment-hosted base metals, conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons. The basin has undergone major tectonic events since its formation in the Early Ordovician involving several inversion episodes resulting in extensive exhumation in the basin. The magnitude, timing and distribution of exhumation associated with these inversion episodes are poorly studied due to sparse data in the area. In this study, we integrate recently acquired seismic and well data with existing well data, combining for the first time thermal and compaction techniques to constrain the magnitude and distribution of exhumation associated with these major inversion episodes.Our results from vitrinite reflectance indicate that at least 300 to 500 m of exhumation occurred during the middle Silurian to Early Devonian inversion episode (Prices Creek Compression), 500 to 750 m of exhumation occurred during the middle Carboniferous inversion episode or Meda Transpression and 800 to 1200 m of exhumation occurred during the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic inversion episode, or Fitzroy Transpression. Data from apatite fission track analysis put temporal constraints on the timing of this exhumation and indicate that a paleo-thermal maximum was reached within the Kidson Sub-basin during the Late Triassic extensional event. During this period, we also detect that the sediments were affected by a slight increase in basal heat flow associated with the rifting event.The results from this study also demonstrate that the magnitude of exhumation generally increased with each exhumation period progressively. We suggest that this may have occurred due to the progressive weakening of inherited basement units during each phase. Results also illustrate that each of these inversion events had a much higher impact on the exhumation of the Kidson Sub-basin than previously thought.
Generation of Reflections and PKP Precursors From a Scattering Layer in D″

The D″ region consists of many different structures on many length‐scales and here we test whether an inhomogeneous scattering region could potentially explain two of these seismic observables, namely PKP precursors, which are generated by scattering near the core‐mantle boundary, and reflections of a seismic discontinuity in the lowermost mantle. The focus of this study is on modeling PKP precursors and lower mantle reflections. Testing different heterogeneity models with a range of correlation lengths and velocity perturbations for D″, we find that some of our models can produce both waves. Comparing our synthetic seismograms to real data for precursors in adjacent locations beneath the mid‐Atlantic near South America we find the best fitting model with correlation length of 10 km and velocity perturbation of 5% with a gradual increase of scattering defined by a taper from 200 to 400 km above the core‐mantle boundary.
Stability Evaluation for a Damped, Constrained-Motion Cutting Force Dynamometer

This paper describes the dynamic stability evaluation of a constrained-motion dynamometer (CMD) with passive damping. The CMD’s flexure-based design offers an alternative to traditional piezoelectric cutting force dynamometers, which can exhibit adverse effects of the complex structural dynamics on the measurement accuracy. In contrast, the CMD system’s structural dynamics are nominally single degree of freedom and are conveniently altered by material selection, flexure element geometry, and element arrangement. In this research, a passive damping approach is applied to increase the viscous damping ratio and, subsequently, the stability limit. Cutting tests were completed and the in situ CMD displacement and velocity signals were sampled at the spindle rotating frequency. The periodic sampling approach was used to determine if the milling response was synchronous with the spindle rotation (stable) or not (chatter) by constructing Poincaré maps for both experiment and prediction (time-domain simulation). It was found that the viscous damping coefficient was increased by 130% and the critical stability limit was increased from 4.3 mm (no damping) to 15.4 mm (with damping).
The Complex Biological Effects of Pectin: Galectin-3 Targeting as Potential Human Health Improvement?

Galectin-3 is the only chimeric representative of the galectin family. Although galectin-3 has ubiquitous regulatory and physiological effects, there is a great number of pathological environments where galectin-3 cooperatively participates. Pectin is composed of different chemical structures, such as homogalacturonans, rhamnogalacturonans, and side chains. The study of pectin’s major structural aspects is fundamental to predicting the impact of pectin on human health, especially regarding distinct molecular modulation. One of the explored pectin’s biological activities is the possible galectin-3 protein regulation. The present review focuses on revealing the structure/function relationship of pectins, their fragments, and their biological effects. The discussion highlighted by this review shows different effects described within in vitro and in vivo experimental models, with interesting and sometimes contradictory results, especially regarding galectin-3 interaction. The review demonstrates that pectins are promissory food-derived molecules for different bioactive functions. However, galectin-3 inhibition by pectin had been stated in literature before, although it is not a fully understood, experimentally convincing, and commonly agreed issue. It is demonstrated that more studies focusing on structural analysis and its relation to the observed beneficial effects, as well as substantial propositions of cause and effect alongside robust data, are needed for different pectin molecules’ interactions with galectin-3.
A Soft Coprocessor Approach for Developing Image and Video Processing Applications on FPGAs

Developing Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based applications is typically a slow and multi-skilled task. Research in tools to support application development has gradually reached a higher level. This paper describes an approach which aims to further raise the level at which an application developer works in developing FPGA-based implementations of image and video processing applications. The starting concept is a system of streamed soft coprocessors. We present a set of soft coprocessors which implement some of the key abstractions of Image Algebra. Our soft coprocessors are designed for easy chaining, and allow users to describe their application as a dataflow graph. A prototype implementation of a development environment, called SCoPeS, is presented. An application can be modified even during execution without requiring re-synthesis. The paper concludes with performance and resource utilization results for different implementations of a sample algorithm. We conclude that the soft coprocessor approach has the potential to deliver better performance than the soft processor approach, and can improve programmability over dedicated HDL cores for domain-specific applications while achieving competitive real time performance and utilization.
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Relations of Makassarese Language Users: Ages, Social Status, and Politeness Strategies

This research was conducted to explore how ages and social status can be revealed by the used of Makassar language. The data were taken by interviewing 14 people who have lived in Makassar since they were born. This research was descriptive using a qualitative approach. The methods used in collected data were recording and transcribing. The findings of this research showed that the participants used politeness strategies as their indirect ways to show ages and social status differences. Those strategies are divided into six, which are; deference in kinship, deference in non-kinship, intimacy in kinship, intimacy in non-kinship, hierarchy inkinship and hierarchy in non-kinship.
Computer Simulation of Road Influenceon Tank Gun System Dynamics

Dynamics of moving tank gun system on irregular surface is mainly concerned in this paper.According models are established including double side road random profile model,chassis ride dynamic model and gun dynamic model.And digital simulation based on these models is performed.In this method,the influence of the chassis to the gun is considered,so the vibration of the gun on tank can be described better than field-testing method.Quantitative analysis for the influence of the tank gun parameters to vibration can be made by changing the values of the variables to get different simulation results,so it can take an active role in conclusive simulation of tank fire control.
MOSPD2 is an endoplasmic reticulum–lipid droplet tether functioning in LD homeostasis

Membrane contact sites between organelles are organized by protein bridges. Among the components of these contacts, the VAP family comprises endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-anchored proteins, such as MOSPD2, functioning as major ER-organelle tethers. MOSPD2 distinguishes itself from the other members of the VAP family by the presence of a CRAL-TRIO domain. In this study, we show that MOSPD2 forms ER-LD contacts thanks to its CRAL-TRIO domain. MOSPD2 ensures the attachment of the ER to LDs through a direct protein-membrane interaction involving an amphipathic helix that has an affinity for lipid packing defects present at the surface of LDs. Remarkably, the absence of MOSPD2 markedly disturbs the assembly of lipid droplets. These data show that MOSPD2, in addition to being a general ER receptor for inter-organelle contacts, possesses an additional tethering activity and is specifically implicated in the biology of LDs via its CRAL-TRIO domain.
Rancang Bangun Vehicle Routing Problem Menggunakan Algoritma Tabu Search

Logistik berperan penting dalam dunia industri. Pendistribusian produk merupakan salah satu kegiatan logistik. Kegiatan pendistribusian produk ini memiliki berbagai kendala, seperti keterbatasan jumlah dan kapasitas kendaraan milik perusahaan, perbedaan jumlah permintaan konsumen, dan tersebarnya lokasi konsumen. Salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan perusahaan untuk mengoptimalkan pendistribusian produk adalah meminimalkan biaya tranportasi melalui penentuan rute optimal kendaraan. Permasalahan penentuan rute optimal kendaraan dapat direpresentasikan menggunakan graf berarah yang memiliki bobot dan disebut dengan VRP (Vehicle Routing Problem). Depot dan pelanggan dinyatakan sebagai simpul, jalan dinyatakan sebagai busur, dan bobot dinyatakan sebagai jarak antar simpul. Salah satu variasi VRP adalah Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP), yaitu VRP dengan kendala kapasitas kendaraan. Kasus CVRP tersebut dapat diselesaikan dengan menggunakan Algoritma Tabu Search. Cara kerja Algoritma Tabu Search dimulai dengan penentuan initial solution menggunakan Nearest Neighbor, evaluasi move menggunakan metode 2-Opt, Relocated, dan Exchange, update Tabu List, kemudian apabila kriteria pemberhentian terpenuhi maka proses Algoritma Tabu Search berhenti jika tidak, maka kembali pada evaluasi move. Proses perhitungan Algoritma Tabu Search dilakukan secara manual dan rancang bangun menggunakan MATLAB pada PT Sinergi Bio Natural. Berdasarkan proses perhitungan diperoleh dua solusi optimal dengan total jarak optimal sebesar 101,1 km. Solusi optimal pertama diperoleh menggunakan perhitungan manual terdiri dari tiga rute, pertama dari Depot-Chacha Milk Tea 3- Perum Sido Mulyo-Chacha Milk Tea 1-Toko Roti & Katering Asli-Happy Land Medical Centre-Chacha Milk Tea 2-Perum Banteng 3-Perum Banteng 2-Depot (29 km), kedua dari Depot-JIH-Depot (9,2 km), ketiga dari Depot-RSU. Holistika Medika-RS.Panti Rini-Perum Cepoko Indah-RSU. Rajawali Citra-RSU. PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul-Hotel Agung Inn-Depot (62,9 km). Solusi optimal kedua menggunakan perhitungan rancang bangun diperoleh rute kedua sama dengan perhitungan manual, sedangkan rute pertama berawal dari Depot-RSU. Holistika Medika-RS. Panti Rini-Perum Cepoko Indah-RSU. Rajawali Citra-RSU. PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul-Hotel Agung Inn-Perum banteng 2-Depot (63,8 km) dan rute ketiga dari Depot-Perum Banteng 3-Chacha Milk Tea 2-Happy Land Medical Center-Toko Roti & Ketering Asli-Chacha Milk Tea 1-Perum Sido Mulyo-Chacha Milk Tea 3-Depot (28,1 km). Kata Kunci: Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP), Algorima Tabu Search
Revealing Dynamic Effects Of China's Regional Coal Consumption Control Policy On Energy Efficiency And Pollution Emissions

Up to now, far too little attention has been paid to comprehensively assessing the impact of the coal consumption constraint policy (CCCP) on energy intensity and pollution emissions based on China cities level. The present study explores the impact of CCCP on energy intensity and pollution emissions in a panel of 73 Chinese cities using an SEM approach from 2005 to 2019. We find that the CCCP has significantly reduced SO2 and CO2 emission intensity and energy intensity by 0.1283%, 0.0747%, and 0.2493% respectively, but the CCCP effect on CO2 emission intensity and energy intensity has a lag of 3 years. Thus CCCP can effectively reduce emission intensity through industrial restructuring and technology advanced is the only effective way to reduce energy intensity. The study provides some valuable suggestions to enable the control of coal consumption.