Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rsm Analysis and Study on the 6 Months Compressive Strength Development and Shrinkage Behaviour of High Volume Fly Ash Rubberized ECC (HVFA-RECC)

The use of Crumb rubber (CR) and High Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) has been shown to enhance the ductility behavior of Engineered cementitious composite (ECC). However, the strength of the composite is known to be negatively affected by CR inclusion as well as the HVFA. Most research on these materials usually focus on the 28 days compressive strength development with very few that considered up to 90 days. No research has so far investigated the combined effect of HVFA and CR on the compressive strength development and shrinkage behavior of ECC beyond 90 days of curing. This paper is aimed at filling this gap by investigating this at 180 days (6 months) curing duration while adopting the RSM design and analysis approach. Result showed that HVFA affects the early strength development of RECC but proves beneficial at later days due to secondary hydration. The highest rate of development in compressive strength of 172% was recorded for a sample with 70% FA. Although the amount of CR negatively affects the strength and drying shrinkage of the composite, itplays no role in the rate of strength development. Response surface models were successfully developed and validated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA)Body]
Gender Classification using Skin Patterns

Gender classification is important for study of gender ratio, in security and forensic fields. There are several bases biometric, hand writing, palm pattern, ear shape and skin patches on which human gender is classified. In this paper, we use the skin patches of different body parts such as forehead, cheeks and opposite side of palm to classify the gender. If, criminals have covered their face in that case also, we can classify and detect their gender by using the skin patches of opposite side of palm. Since we use skin patches of different body parts, accuracy and probability to classify the gender has increased. By taking skin patches of different body parts as input and results, we find that our approach is novel and efficient.
Study and Design of an Innovative Grid Connected Photo Voltaic Power System

Renewable energy is an important source of energy now days. As the conventional source of energy is vanishing day by day and the demand or dependency on the energy is increasing then there is an urgent need for reliable energy sources. Photovoltaic (PV) system is a reliable ever growing source of energy. The energy which we get from the solar plant or PV system is clean form of energy. This paper shows an innovative interfacing structure for three phase and associated PV framework. The proposed structure comprises of a buck-boost converter which assumes a critical job in interfacing the three phase grid connection to the PV system. A comprehensive simulation modeling and its results have been provided in this paper.
Comparison of Biocorrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel 316 L and Mild Steel Induced by Slime Producing Bacteria

The present study investigated the biocorrosion behaviour of Stainless steel 316L (SS 316L) and mild steel coupons exposed to a medium containing slime producing bacteria, Escherichia coli (E.coli). Corrosion analysis was performed to observe the progression of corrosion process on tested steels induced by E.coli and its metabolite activity for 7 days. The findings revealed that both SS 316L and mild steel experienced severe pitting corrosion. The colonization of E.coli and secretion of exopolymeric substances or slime have accelerated corrosion process on mild steel surface and damaged the passivation layer on SS 316L. As a result, the tested mild steel specimen exhibited 25% higher corrosion rate compared to that of the SS 316L.
Change and Continuity: Irrigation Technologies in South Bihar, India

During the last two decades, technology studies literature has mostly focused on high-end and emerging technologies and overlooked mundane technologies. The current paper deviates from that trajectory and attempts to bring back the attention on mundane technologies by analysing irrigation technologies in South Bihar, India. The paper employs theoretical and conceptual insights from science and technology studies (STS) and especially engages with the literature on the social shaping of technology (SST) and technological change (TC). The paper elaborates how multiple socio-cultural and political factors influence the use and disuse of irrigation technologies by agrarian communities. Further, the paper expatiates how specific irrigation technologies have bearing on local environment and agricultural practices. The paper argues that technological change in the context of mundane technologies is a complex phenomenon. It does not follow a linear path but takes a complicated trajectory and occurs at multiple levels in different spatio-temporal contexts. New technologies often co-exist with the old ones and they do not entirely replace the old technologies. Resultantly, the technological landscape presents a mosaic version, where multiple strands and various types of technologies co-exist and they are differentially used by relevant social groups. Thus, technological change and continuity should be simultaneously analysed to understand the social context of irrigation technologies in South Bihar.
Development of a Maximum Frequency and Voltage Regulated Power Supply for Ozone Generation System

This paper is proposed full-bridge inverter-based power supply with dynamic PFC converter for an ozone generator. The ozone chamber is required high-voltage range 5KV to 6KV. It derived from AC primary supply 230V with the help of a step-up transformer. The mains supply has variations as a consequence; the output voltage also gets changes. It affects ozone production and also affects the ozone chamber. To avoid the above problem, the regulation of voltage is required. The active boost converter is utilized to direct the dc-connect voltage to improve the input power factor. The voltage control method is utilized to manage the enhanced converter. Thus the projected power supply produces stable voltage and has high performance. <br>
Exploring the Functions of Polymers in Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Delivery: Evading Immune Response and Redirect Tropism

Adenoviruses (Ads) are promising viral carriers for gene therapy because of their unique attribution. However, clinical applications of Ad vectors are currently restricted by their immunogenicity and broad native tropism. To address these obstacles, a variety of non-immunogenic polymers are utilized to modify Ad vectors chemically or physically. In this review, we systemically discuss the functions of polymers in Ad-mediated gene delivery from two aspects, evading the host immune responses to Ads and redirecting Ad tropism. With polyethylene glycol (PEG) first in order, a variety of polymers have been developed to shield the surface of Ad vectors, and well accomplished to evade the host immune response, block CAR-dependant cellular uptake and reduce liver accumulation. Besides these functions, shielding Ad vectors with targeted polymers (including targeting ligands conjugated polymers and bio-responsive polymers) can also efficiently retarget Ad vectors to tumor tissues and reduce their distribution at non-targeted tissues. With its potentials to evade the immune response and retarget Ad vectors, modification with polymers has been generally regarded as a promising strategy to facilitate the clinical applications of Ad vectors for virotherapy.
Effective Multiplicative Formulation for Shape Optimization: Optimized Austin-Moore Stem for Hip Prosthesis

When dealing with multiobjective optimization problems, several difficulties may appear such as computational time and convergence stability. In this work, a multiplicative formulation is developed to solve both difficulties. The application of this strategy is carried out on the hip prosthesis design. Austin-Moore prosthesis has served as a effective implant in the management of femoral neck fracture in elderly. It has been widely used in hospitals and clinic because of its low cost and simple surgical procedure and satisfactory prognosis. The proposed strategy consists of integrating the shape optimization process using a multiplicative formulation to increase the performance of the hip prosthesis. This developed multiplicative formulation is considered to optimize the Austin-Moore model. The resulting model is called Optimized Austin-Moore (OAM). Considering several daily loading cases, the results show a more uniform stress distribution comparing with the classical solid stem. In addition, a significant increase of the stress levels around the metal/bone interface is obtained, that leads to favorable remodeling process.
Assorted Image Processing Techniques for Retinal OCT in Glaucoma Detection

This research is focused on image processing techniques for automatic detection of glaucoma in Retinal Optical Image Coherence Tomography. In the recent year, the interest on the automated glaucoma diagnosis techniques using the image processing techniques are exploding at an optimal rate which may help in the early diagnosis of the patients to recover from the permanent blindness. The manual diagnosis process for glaucoma detection within the medical community is tedious and time-consuming process that is susceptible to error. On the contrary image processing-based algorithms in constituent to deep learning can give better computation possibility in a trustworthy manner. The primary objective of the proposed research is to define proper image pre-processing techniques that aid in the process of the diagnosis. The aim is to aid in glaucoma detection by proposing image processing techniques to process the Optical Coherence Tomography images of the retina. The saturation removal technique is used for the intensity correction with histogram equalization of flattening the images. Resizing, filtering, and argumentation is also proposed in this research as possible image processing techniques. To show the generalized nature of the proposed approach, pre-processing techniques are employed on the OCT images which resulted in good results.
QRS Detection for Heart Rate Monitoring

Fast and efficient QRS detection algorithm is a essential prerequisite for analyzing disease related to heart. A study and analysis of first differentiation based QRS detection method, first and second differentiation based QRS detection method and High speed QRS detection method (Hamilton and Tompkins) was done. Algorithms based on differentiation method of QRS detection are efficient as far as computation is concerned. This method can be used for real time analysis of large data set. On a standard data set first differentiation method has highest detection accuracy but also the largest time error (Average time error is 12.05ms). For the first and second differentiation based QRS detection method sensitivity and positive predictivity are 96.4 and 97.7, data error rate is 4.64 and Average Time error is 7.26ms. For the third method sensitivity and positive predictivity is 100 percent and data error rate is zero. Average time error is 9.13ms and is having better performance as compared to differentiation based methods.
Security Challenges for Fog Computing Enabled Internet of Things from Authentication Perspective

Fog-enabled IoT is a new paradigm that extends the Cloud computing platform by providing services and resources on the edge of network and also integrated with Internet of Things. Our paper proposed a Fog based Internet of Things platform where computing and storing services deployed on the edge of network to provide excellent services to users. For efficient IoT development, fog computing based IoT proposed which is the future IoT infrastructure. This paper first explores a comparison between Fog Computing and other technologies. Security issues are presented in Fog-enabled IoT system. Authentication plays important roles in realizing security issues. So this paper also investigates issues related to authentication and presented a security model for authentication between Intermediate storage (Fog Node) and Data centre (Cloud System). At the end of paper, AES is discussed which will be useful to implement our proposed system in resource constrained environment and finally discussed some open research issues and questions from the authentication point of view.
Design of Dual Feed Microstrip Patch Antenna for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS)

In this paper, a switchable dual-feed multiband patch antenna is designed. Two pin diodes are used in this antenna for switching purposes, and it is feed with two micro strip lines operating in 3 to 20 GHz frequency. The antenna designed here is used for many applications like ITS, satellite communication, WLAN, weather radars etc. We get different frequency bands by changing the induced current, which is done by switching the PIN diodes. The percentage bandwidth of the proposed antenna is up to 38 %.
Efficient Evaluation of Spatial Information Using Superior Preference

A spatial preference query ranks objects (e.g. Dams) based on the qualities of features (irrigation, water supply, flood control, hydro electricity, navigation, recreation, pollution control and livestock rearing) in their spatial neighborhood. Using appropriate nearest neighbors or indexing techniques, spatial preference queries were developed. Given a set D of interesting objects (e.g. candidate locations), a top-k spatial preference query retrieves the k-objects in D with the highest scores. The score of an object is defined by the quality of features in its spatial neighborhood. In this paper, an efficient and effective algorithm that improves spatial query processing more quickly using reverse ranking concept has been presented. This paper also analyzes the comparative study between R-tree and IR-tree based on various factors.
Design of Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna with E-Shaped Slot for C-Band Applications

State-of-art wireless communication industry requires consistent and reconfigurable antennas. To conquer the complications in multifrequency activity, a novel and simple strategy of frequency reconfiguration is analyzed and studied in this work. Proposed E shaped rectangular patch antenna is designed over a FR4 substrate and shows frequency reconfiguration in C band (4-4.6 GHz). The reconfiguration is achieved with the introduction of switching components (PIN diodes, BAR 64-02) between slots of the antenna. The antenna performance is studied using Ansoft HFSS ver 18. The S11 of the antenna shows enhanced performance when co related with reconfiguration and is well less than -10 dB for different configuration. The -10 dB bandwidth of the antenna shows an increment from 101 MHz (2.53%) to 166 MHz (3.68%) with reconfiguration.
The Bias Correction of Multiple Linear Regression Parameter Estimators with Residual Bootstrap Method

Statistical analysis aims to analyze the relationship between dependent variable with two or more independent variables in the linear parameters model called multiple linear regression analysis. One method can be used to estimate parameters of multiple linear regression using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). The method of OLS assumes the sample must be normally distributed, where if the sample has outlier so the method of OLS gives parameter estimators of OLS to be biased. The bias that occur can be reduced by using residual bootstrap. The residual bootstrap works by resampling on based the residual obtained from the sample. The outliers on the sample can not be removed of the sample because it can damage the sample characteristics. The simulation results show for a relatively large bootstrap sample giving parameter estimators based on the Bootstrap Ordinary Least Squares (BOLS) more closely to the actual parameters.
Hardware Evaluation of Second Round SHA-3 Candidates Using FPGA

The major goal of our paper is that we propose a platform, a design strategy, and evaluation criteria, for a fair and consistent hardware evaluation of FPGA. For portable and home entertainment audio systems, however the general DSP chip-based solution might consume too much power. Then a low-cost and low power solution for this purpose should be sought. There exist two possible approaches that can reduce the chip area and power consumption. One is the simplification of the FIR filter structure, and the other techniques include low power multiplier, adder, memory, supply voltage, etc. In This project we present a low-power FPGA that exploits the low power multiplier design. Power dissipation of integrated circuits is a major concern for VLSI circuit designers. Since power optimization is a major goal of this work we used Window Technique method structure that reduces power consumption over traditional Binary multiplier. Window Technique method is an improved version of tree-based FPGA architecture. In addition, the Booth multiplication algorithms has been modified to include 4:2 compressors that are used to add the partial products generated from the multiplier unit. As 4:2 Compressors reduces number of adders needed in the addition process, it reduces number of full adders needed. Hence this further reduces the power consumption. The Booth multiplication algorithm is implemented using Spartan 3 FPGA from Xilinx, and it could also implement using Application specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) when further reduction in power consumption is required. The result shows that the proposed architecture is faster than the conventional CMOS architecture, along with reduced power consumption.
Object-Process Methodology as an Alternative to Human Factors Task Analysis

Objective We define and demonstrate the use of OPM-TA—a model-based task analysis (TA) framework that uses object-process methodology (OPM) ISO 19450 as a viable alternative to traditional TA techniques. Background A variety of different TA methods exist in human factors engineering, and several of them are often applied successively for a broad task representation, making it difficult to follow. Method Using OPM-TA, we modeled how an International Space Station (ISS) astronaut would support extravehicular activities using the existing robotic arm workstation with a new control panel and an electronic procedure system. The modeling employed traditional TA methods and the new OPM-TA approach, enabling a comparison between them. Results While the initial stages of modeling with OPM-TA follow those of traditional TA, OPM-TA modeling yields an executable and logically verifiable model of the entire human–robot system. Both OPM’s hierarchical set of diagrams and the equivalent, automatically generated statements in a subset of natural language text specify how objects and processes relate to each other at increasingly detailed levels. The graphic and textual OPM modalities specify the system’s architecture, which enables its function and benefits its users. To verify the model logical correctness model, we executed it using OPM’s simulation capability. Conclusion OPM-TA was able to unify traditional TA methods and expand their capabilities. The formal yet intuitive OPM-TA approach fuses and extends traditional TA methods, which are not amenable to simulation. It therefore can potentially become a widely used means for TA and human–machine procedure development and testing.
The effect of catalyst precursors and conditions of preparing Pt and Pd-Pt catalysts on their activity in the oxidation of hexane

Abstract The effectiveness of under-air n-hexane oxidation over monolithic catalysts made of heat-resistant foil, containing Pt, Pd or Pt-Pd, was compared. Pt and Pd precursors, either containing chlorine or devoid of chlorine, were used to prepare the catalysts. The chlorine- containing Pt (H2PtCl6) and Pd (PdCl2) precursors were found to lower the activity of the catalysts in hexane oxidation. Studies of the effect of 0.15% Pt/Al2O3 catalyst (using H2PtCl6 as the precursor) calcination conditions on catalyst activity showed the catalyst calcined in static air at 500°C to be the most active. Airflow calcination of the catalyst does not change its catalytic properties. In comparison with the 0.5% Pd/Al2O3 catalyst obtained from Pd(NO3)2, the use of a bimetallic 0.5% Pd/0.1% Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, in which the precursors were Pd(NO3)2 and Pt(NO3)4, resulted in the lowering of 10% and 50% n-hexane temperature by 15°C and 10°C.
Hysteresis in Banking and Financial Industry

This research provides the theoretical foundations for introducing hysteresis, the historic memory or path dependency, into the banking and financial industry. This is done by generalizing the popular Monti-Klein model of banking competition, to allow for both fixed entry and per-period cost/subsidy. However, the empirically relevant case of zero per-period fixed costs is considered as well. As will be shown, such a model implies multiple path dependent equilibria of banks' activities or in other words Hysteresis. The implications of the theory of hysteresis developed herein are tested by applying a breakpoint unit root tests to the historical U.S. data on banking. These tests find evidence for hysteresis in the commercial banking sector in most but not all U.S. states.
PERC sunlight based cells and uncovers the acknowledgment of a world record productivity of 20.8% PERC

As most of the fossils will exhaust shortly, the hunger to explore renewable resources is getting worse. Renewable energy is sources of clean, inexhaustible and also increasingly competitive energy. Solar Photovoltaic energy is one of the important sources as it contains less noise, maintenance, and pollution-free. PV technology is still undergoing rapid evolution to achieve high efficiencies and to reduce the cost. New materials, concepts, and approaches in solar cell development have become the center of research in this field. This paper introduces the review of various recent generation technologies of solar cells. This addressed technology study is based on performance characteristics, efficiency, and cost of the solar cell.
Direct estimation of differential Granger causality between two high-dimensional time series

Differential Granger causality, that is understanding how Granger causal relations differ between two related time series, is of interest in many scientific applications. Modeling each time series by a vector autoregressive (VAR) model, we propose a new method to directly learn the difference between the corresponding transition matrices in high dimensions. Key to the new method is an estimating equation constructed based on the Yule-Walker equation that links the difference in transition matrices to the difference in the corresponding precision matrices. In contrast to separately estimating each transition matrix and then calculating the difference, the proposed direct estimation method only requires sparsity of the difference of the two VAR models, and hence allows hub nodes in each high-dimensional time series. The direct estimator is shown to be consistent in estimation and support recovery under mild assumptions. These results also lead to novel consistency results with potentially faster convergence rates for estimating differences between precision matrices of i.i. d observations 1 ar X iv :2 10 9. 07 60 9v 1 [ st at . M E ] 1 5 Se p 20 21 under weaker assumptions than existing results. We evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed method using simulation studies and an application to electroencephalogram (EEG) data.