Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PHENOLIC COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GREEN-SOLVENTS-BASED EXTRACTS OF RED ONION WASTES

Onion represents one of the most important crop, based on its production,consumption and high pharmacological potential supported by its chemicalcomposition. Phytochemicals of phenolic structure, in particular anthocyanins, areamong the strongest antioxidant compounds with large biological and industrialapplications. Because their conventional extraction involves the use of highamounts of polar organic solvents, there is a strong requirement for development ofnew strategies based on greener solvents. The aim of the present paper was toextract valuable compounds of polyphenolic structure from red onion wastes usingdeep eutectic solvents, as green strategy for their isolation. In addition, the totalantioxidant activity as measured by ferric reducing antioxidant capacity assay wasinvestigated. Extraction performed at 40oC in the selected solvent system wasoptimized for two parameters, solvent/sample ratio and extraction time. Theobtained results showed the highest content of anthocyanins and antioxidantactivity at a solvent/sample ratio of 30/1 and the extraction time of 90 min, at 40oC.Regarding the total phenolics and flavonoids, the optimal extraction parameterswere 20/1 solvent/sample ratio and 90 min, at 40oC. Compared to conventionalextraction in organic solvent, the values of the antioxidant activity were similar,while those of the content of bioactive compounds were higher in extracts obtainedin ethanol solution. By further optimization of the extraction process, the obtainedproducts may find useful application in obtaining natural ingredients intended fordifferent purposes.
Full-Body Optimal Control Toward Versatile and Agile Behaviors in a Humanoid Robot

In this letter, we develop an optimal control framework that takes the full-body dynamics of a humanoid robot into account. Employing full-body dynamics has been explored in, especially, an online optimal control approach known as model predictive control (MPC). However, whole-body motions cannot be updated in a short period of time due to MPC's large computational burden. Thus, MPC has generally been evaluated with a physical humanoid robot in a limited range of tasks where high-speed motion executions are unnecessary. To cope with this problem, our multi-timescale control framework drives whole-body motions with a computationally efficient hierarchical MPC. Meanwhile, a biologically inspired controller maintains the robot's posture for a very short control period. We evaluated our framework in skating tasks with simulated and real lower-body humanoids that have rollers on the feet. Our simulated robot generated various agile motions such as jumping over a bump and flipping down from a cliff in real time. Our real lower-body humanoid also successfully generated a movement down a slope.
A Concise Review on Image Dehazing Techniques

Images acquired under the influence of bad weather conditions such as haze, fog and other aerosols are deteriorated due to the dispersal of atmospheric particles which lead to color fading and contrast reduction, making it challenging for human interpretation and object feature recognition. Several methods for image haze removal have been introduced over the recent years, which consist of approaches used to extrapolate information such as contrast, scene depth, color channels and so on. In this paper, we present a concise review of the current image dehazing methods. A comprehensive assessment and development on existing methods and related techniques is conducted based on their individual characteristics and principles. Qualitative and quantitative experimental evaluation of the state-of-the-art methods are conducted and discussed in depth. The paper further puts forward an overview of future trends within the research area.
Antarctic Coastline Detection using Snakes1

In this paper we present an approach for automatic coastline detection from images based on snakes (parametric active contours) and apply it to Landsat images from Antarctica. Snakes require the definition of an energy functional that reflects the underlying coastline model. For Antarctica the coastline appearance in the images is heterogeneous. Therefore, it is not possible to use a single model only. After inspecting the images to be used we formulate three different transition models that match a large part of the Antarctic coastline: (a) from ice shelf to water, (b) from ice shelf to sea ice and (c) from rocky terrain to water. For each of the three models the energy terms are optimised based on the radiometric properties of the adjacent regions as well as the curvature and the potential change-rate of the coastline itself. A supervised classification for the three classes ice, water and rocky terrain controls the whole process by selecting the most applicable model for a given image region along the coastline. We present results for the extraction of approximately 12% of the Antarctic coastline from an up-to-date Landsat mosaic.
Astro2020 Science White Paper: Probing Magnetic Reconnection in Solar Flares - New Perspectives from Radio Dynamic Imaging Spectroscopy

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental physical process in many laboratory, space, and astrophysical plasma contexts. Solar flares serve as an outstanding laboratory to study the magnetic reconnection and the associated energy release and conversion processes under plasma conditions difficult to reproduce in the laboratory, and with considerable spatiotemporal details not possible elsewhere in astrophysics. Here we emphasize the unique power of remote-sensing observations of solar flares at radio wavelengths. In particular, we discuss the transformative technique of broadband radio dynamic imaging spectroscopy in making significant contributions to addressing several outstanding challenges in magnetic reconnection, including the capability of pinpointing magnetic reconnection sites, measuring the time-evolving reconnecting magnetic fields, and deriving the spatially and temporally resolved distribution function of flare-accelerated electrons.
Let Them Eat Prozac: The Unhealthy Relationship Between the Pharmaceutical Industry and Depression.

Assistant Editor’s Note:Most manuscripts submitted to the Journal arrive unsolicited. By contrast, book reviews are presumably by-invitation-only affairs. A corollary is that when this general pattern is reversed, we may be in for a treat. For example, invited manuscripts or editorials are often high notes of academic journals, and spontaneous inquiries almost as often lead to memorable book reviews. Let Them Eat Prozac: The Unhealthy Relationship Between the Pharmaceutical Industry and Depression touched a raw nerve, coming as it did in the midst of the SSRI-suicidality debacle convulsing our field. Soon after its publication, and almost simultaneously, I received two separate inquiries about reviewing it for the Journal. I had not yet received the book, and gladly, immediately agreed to both offers. I only asked the authors to remain blind to each other’s review, and to see what emerged in the process, which the reader can now find out. In keeping with our developmental mores, youth will be given preference: The first review, from a young, up-and-coming voice (still in training, no less), places things in a historical, longer-view context. The second, from a steadfast senior colleague, has no-nonsense advice on where to go from here. I hope that this double feature review proves of interest, shows the liveliness of our field and its adaptation to ever-new challenges, and that it serves as a reminder that book reviews are most definitely not by-invitation-only affairs.
DESY 16-197 LMU-ASC 51 / 16 Higher-spin currents in the Gross-Neveu model at 1 / n 2

A. N. Manashov, and E. D. Skvortsov Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Theresienstr. 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany Lebedev Institute of Physics, Leninsky ave. 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Learning Discriminative αβ-divergence for Positive Definite Matrices

Symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices are useful for capturing second-order statistics of visual data. To compare two SPD matrices, several measures are available, such as the affine-invariant Riemannian metric, Jeffreys divergence, Jensen-Bregman logdet divergence, etc.; however, their behaviors may be application dependent, raising the need of manual selection to achieve the best possible performance. Further and as a result of their overwhelming complexity for large-scale problems, computing pairwise similarities by clever embedding of SPD matrices is often preferred to direct use of the aforementioned measures. In this paper, we propose a discriminative metric learning framework, Information Divergence and Dictionary Learning (IDDL), that not only learns application specific measures on SPD matrices automatically, but also embeds them as vectors using a learned dictionary. To learn the similarity measures (which could potentially be distinct for every dictionary atom), we use the recently introduced αβ-logdet divergence, which is known to unify the measures listed above. We propose a novel IDDL objective, that learns the parameters of the divergence and the dictionary atoms jointly in a discriminative setup and is solved efficiently using Riemannian optimization. We showcase extensive experiments on eight computer vision datasets, demonstrating state-of-the-art performances.
Down-Sampling Convolutions Up-Sampling Segmentation Block F B Convolutions Feathering Feathering Block Forward Backward

Image matting plays an important role in image and video editing. However, the formulation of image matting is inherently ill-posed. Traditional methods usually employ interaction to deal with the imagematting problemwith trimaps and strokes, and cannot run on the mobile phone in real-time. In this paper, we propose a real-time automatic deep matting approach for mobile devices. By leveraging the densely connected blocks and the dilated convolution, a light full convolutional network is designed to predict a coarse binary mask for portrait image. And a feathering block, which is edge-preserving and matting adaptive, is further developed to learn the guided filter and transform the binary mask into alpha matte. Finally, an automatic portrait animation system based on fast deep matting is built on mobile devices, which does not need any interaction and can realize real-time matting with 15 fps. The experiments show that the proposed approach achieves comparable results with the state-of-the-art matting solvers.
Adversarial Training with Ladder Networks

The use of unsupervised data in addition to supervised data has lead to a significant improvement when training discriminative neural networks. However, the best results were achieved with a training process that is divided in two parts: first an unsupervised pre-training step is done for initializing the weights of the network and after these weights are refined with the use of supervised data. Recently, a new neural network topology called Ladder Network, where the key idea is based in some properties of hierarchichal latent variable models, has been proposed as a technique to train a neural network using supervised and unsupervised data at the same time with what is called semi-supervised learning. This technique has reached state of the art classification. On the other hand adversarial noise has improved the results of classical supervised learning. In this work we add adversarial noise to the ladder network and get state of the art classification, with several important conclusions on how adversarial noise can help in addition with new possible lines of investigation. We also propose an alternative to add adversarial noise to unsupervised data.
New limits on 2 ε , εβ + and 2 β + decay of 136 Ce and 138 Ce with deeply puriﬁed cerium sample

A search for double electron capture (2 ε ), electron capture with positron emission ( εβ + ), and double positron emission (2 β + ) in 136 Ce and 138 Ce was realized with a 465 cm 3 ultra-low background HP Ge γ spectrometer over 2299 h at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory. A 627 g sample of cerium oxide deeply puriﬁed by liquid-liquid extraction method was used as a source of γ quanta expected in double β decay of the cerium isotopes. New improved half-life limits were set on diﬀerent modes and channels of double β decay of 136 Ce and 138 Ce at the level of T 1 / 2 > 10 17 –10 18 yr.
A questão da variabilidade e qualidade de dados de composição de alimentos

Dados de composicao de alimentos nao podem ser considerados absolutos, pois se referem a material biologico, apresentam variacoes em funcao de inumeros fatores como safra, variedade, solo, clima, formulacao, preparacao e outros; alem disso, os valores apresentados em uma tabela representam uma estimativa media, referente a um determinado numero de amostras ou alimentos compilados. O presente trabalho visa identificar aspectos basicos necessarios para a comparacao de dados analiticos. Fatores como a falta de similaridade entre alimentos, falta de analise de certos componentes e a omissao, ou nao utilizacao, de determinadas informacoes resultam em estimativas incorretas, alem de inviabilizar qualquer comparacao.
The Quadrupole Moment of Compact Binaries to the Fourth post-Newtonian Order: From Source to Canonical Moment

As a crucial step towards the completion of the fourth post-Newtonian (4PN) gravitational-wave generation from compact binary systems, we obtain the expressions of the so-called “canonical” multipole moments of the source in terms of the “source” and “gauge” moments. The canonical moments describe the propagation of gravitational waves outside the source’s near zone, while the source and gauge moments encode explicit information about the matter source. Those two descriptions, in terms of two sets of canonical moments or in terms of six sets of source and gauge moments, are isometric. We thus construct the non-linear diﬀeomorphism between them up to the third post-Minkowskian order, and we exhibit the concrete expression of the canonical mass-type quadrupole moment at the 4PN order. This computation is one of the last missing pieces for the determination of the gravitational-wave phasing of compact binary systems at 4PN order.
Fe b 20 09 Scalar resonances in a unitary ππ S-wave model for D + →

We propose a model forD → πππ decays following experimental results which indicate that the twopion interaction in the S-wave is dominated by the scalar resonances f0(600)/σ and f0(980). The weak decay amplitude for D → Rπ, where R is a resonance that subsequently decays into ππ, is constructed in a factorization approach. In the S-wave, we implement the strong decay R→ ππ by means of a scalar form factor. This provides a unitary description of the pion-pion interaction in the entire kinematically allowed mass range m2ππ from threshold to about 3 GeV . In order to reproduce the experimental Dalitz plot for D → πππ, we include contributions beyond the S-wave. For the P -wave, dominated by the ρ(770), we use a Breit-Wigner description. Higher waves are accounted for by using the usual isobar prescription for the f2(1270) and ρ(1450) . The major achievement is a good reproduction of the experimental m2ππ distribution, and of the partial as well as the total D → πππ branching ratios. Our values are generally smaller than the experimental ones. We discuss this shortcoming and, as a byproduct, we predict a value for the poorly known D → σ transition form factor at q = m2π. PACS numbers: 12.39. St, 13.20. Fc, 13.25. Ft, 13.30. Eg Corresponding author: boito@ifae.es; present address: IFAE, Barcelona, Spain. Present address: ANL, Argonne, USA. Present address: LPNHE, Paris, France.
Evaluating a distance function

Computing the distance function to some surface or line is a problem that occurs very frequently. There are several ways of computing a relevant approximation of this function, using for example technique originating from the approximation of Hamilton Jacobi problems, or the fast sweeping method. Here we make a link with some elliptic problem and propose a very fast way to approximate the distance function.
Preliminary statement

This preliminary statement of the EU Election Observation Mission (EU EOM) is delivered before the completion of the entire electoral process. Critical stages remain, including tabulation of results and adju-dication of petitions. The EU EOM is now only in a position to comment on observation undertaken to date, and will later publish a final report, including full analysis and recommendations for reforms. The EU EOM may also make additional statements on election-related matters as and when it considers it appropriate
THE NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL

Aims Because of a lack of recent data from New Zealand older men, we examined dietary supplement use in this demographic. Methods We surveyed men aged >40 years who were participating in a trial of calcium supplementation on bone and cardiovascular outcomes. Results Forty-seven percent reported using at least one supplement and 30% of users took more than two different supplements. Amongst users, median monthly expenditure on these products was NZ$20 (interquartile range: $10–$45). The most common supplements used were vitamins or minerals (49%), followed by nutritional oils (22%) (including fish oils, 13%) and glucosamine/chondroitin preparations (13%). Supplements were mainly taken for reasons of non-specific prophylaxis or health maintenance (58% of reasons), although 21% of reasons cited treatment or symptom alleviation for a medical condition. Daily requirements for vitamins A, D and E were exceeded, from supplement intake alone, by 12%, 10% and 40% of supplement users respectively. Conclusions Many older New Zealand men spend substantial amounts of money on dietary supplements despite uncertain health benefits. Health professionals should remain alert to supplement use by their patients, including males. Dietary supplements include a vast quantity and variety of over-the-counter pills, liquids or powders containing vitamins and minerals, herbal and other botanical products, amino acids, a range of other enzymatic or potentially nutritive substances, and mixtures of these. Around the turn of the millennium, New Zealand surveys reported a prevalence of regular dietary supplement use of 18 – 28%, although use by both young and older males was 62–65% that of females. 3 Longitudinal United States data supports an increasing use of dietary supplements by older people in the late 1990s, and it is possible that there has been a similar rise in use in New Zealand in recent years. Whilst many supplements are claimed to improve health or nutrition, there is often a lack of published evidence to support these benefits . For those taking supplements, intakes of some nutrients may exceed recommended upper intake levels, 7 a daily intake level judged safe for almost all individuals. Furthermore, potentially harmful interactions may arise from concurrent use of herbal preparations and prescription medications, 5 or toxicity from contaminants in supplements, including those derived from fish oils and other marine products. In a recent trial of calcium supplements conducted in middle-aged and older men living in Auckland, we were surprised by the number of men who reported dietary
Persistence of Atrazine with Tithonia Diversifolia

The components of humic organic matter determine the effectiveness adsorption in soil. The persistence of oxyfluorfen in soils added with invasive weeds organic matter (Tithonia diversifolia and Chromolena determined. The soils were treated with no organic matter (P0), Chromolena odorata compost (P1), Chromolena compost (P2), Chromolena odorata green manure (P3) and Tithonia diversifolia green manure. All matter were added at a rate of 10 t ha. Herbicide containing Atrazine (D1) and Oxyfluorfen (D2) were also applied to the soils. Highest persistence as shown by DT was found in the soil added with Tithonia manure. The persistence of atrazine and oxyfluorfen in the soils added with Tithonia diversifolia green manure were higher with DT50 value of 46 d and 37.46 d, respectively, than when added with Chromolena odorata green manure with DT50 values of 27.07 d and 17.20 d, respectively. T related to the differences in fulvic and humic in both types organic matters. Tithonia diversifolia contained higher fulvic and humic acids (28,24% and 8.28%, respectively) while Chromolena odorata and 7.67%, respectively.
WST 47(11) 001-008

It is well known and firmly established that the rate of chemical and biochemical reactions slow down as temperature decreases. Nevertheless, several studies have reported that the efficiency of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) improves as temperature decreases. However, several recent studies have reported that EBPR reaction rates decrease with temperature decrease in accordance with the Arrhenius relationship. This study was designed to more thoroughly investigate this controversy using two UCT plants fed with a synthetic wastewater consisting primarily of acetate as the COD form, and a small amount of supplemental yeast extract. Experiments were performed over temperatures ranging from 5 to 20°C. The results showed that, even though the kinetic rates decrease as temperature decreases, EBPR systems perform better at colder temperatures. The reason for better system performance is apparently related to reduced competition for substrate in the non-oxic zones, which results in an increased population of PAOs and, thus, greater EBPR efficiency. The proliferation of PAOs apparently occurs because they are psychrophilic whereas their competitors are not. The experiments showed that the EBPR sludges accumulated high concentrations of both PHA and glycogen at 20°C, but accumulated more PHA and much less glycogen at 5°C. Although the results could be interpreted as the result of changes in the PAO-GAO competition, Mann-Whitney non-parametric comparisons of transmission electron microscopy examinations revealed no indication of the presence of GAOs population under any temperature conditions. Regardless, mass balances of the glycogen data showed that the involvement of glycogen is less at cold temperature, even though EBPR was greater. Unlike current EBPR models (e.g. Mino model), the results suggest that glycogen metabolism is not a precursor for EBPR biochemistry. The results also indicate that temperature not only may cause selective pressure on the dominant organisms, but also may force them to use a different metabolic pathway as temperature decreases.
Query by Document

We are experiencing an unprecedented increase of content contributed by users in forums such as blogs, social networking sites and micro-blogging services. Such abundance of content complements content on web sites and traditional media forums such as news papers, news and ﬁnancial streams, and so on. Given such plethora of information there is a pressing need to cross reference information across textual services. For example, commonly we read a news item and we wonder if there are any blogs reporting related content or vice versa. In this paper, we present techniques to automate the process of cross referencing online information content. We introduce method-ologies to extract phrases from a given “ query document ” to be used as queries to search interfaces with the goal to retrieve content related to the query document. In particular, we consider two techniques to extract and score key phrases. We also consider techniques to complement extracted phrases with information present in external sources such as Wikipedia and introduce an algorithm called RelevanceRank for this purpose. We discuss both these techniques in detail and provide an experimental study utilizing a large number of human judges from Amazons’s Mechanical Turk service. Detailed experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efﬁciency of the proposed techniques for the task of automating retrieval of documents related to a query document.