Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selection of RAPD primers for geographically most distinct Lithuanian populations of Impatiens parviflora

Surprisingly little information is available about adaptations of invasive species in the Baltic countries. Since 1934 Impatiens parviflora DC. was recorded in the suburbs of Vilnius, supposedly it escaped from the VU Botanical Garden. Presently I. parviflora belongs to naturalized species of active distribution. In Lithuania, I. parviflora occurs abundantly in man-disturbed localities – urban sites, roadsides or farmyards. Permanently overmoistured gleyic forest sites are also common habitats of I. parviflora. Our study aimed at selection of RAPD primers for evaluation of genetic variability among geographically contrasting four populations of I. parviflora. Populations growing near the western, southern, northern and eastern borders of Lithuania (Karklė, Ratnycia, Žagarė, Svencionys) were selected. Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as the most ubiquitous for plant analysis molecular markers type was selected for evaluation of genetic diversity of I. parviflora populations. Among thirty RAPD primers tested, 222, 250, 269, 340, 474, 516, OPA-20, OPB-7, OPD-20, OPQ-11 generated the largest amount of DNA bands and were selected for the analyses. For each population, the percentage of polymorphic bands with ten primers was 21–27 (the lowest for Karklė and the highest for Žagarė population), and the number of polymorphic bands ranged in the interval 40–50. Molecular variance among populations was much higher (82%) than within populations. Varying geographically, populations of I. parviflora were sufficiently distinct according to RAPD based principal component analyses, also by UPGMA dendrograms. Pair-wise genetic distance among these populations ranged from 0.349 to 0.583. The obtained data show that distribution of invasive species might bring changes in genetic diversity. Keywords: small balsam, Balsaminaceae, polymorphism, invasion, alien species
A comparison of Arctic BrO measurements by chemical ionization mass spectrometry and long path‐differential optical absorption spectroscopy

[1] A measurement intensive was carried out in Barrow, Alaska, in spring 2009 as part of the Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea-Ice–Snowpack (OASIS) program. The central focus of this campaign was the role of halogen chemistry in the Arctic. A chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) performed in situ bromine oxide (BrO) measurements. In addition, a long path-differential optical absorption spectrometer (LP-DOAS) measured the average concentration of BrO along light paths of either 7.2 or 2.1 km. A comparison of the 1 min observations from both instruments is presented in this work. The two measurements were highly correlated and agreed within their uncertainties (R2 = 0.74, slope = 1.10, and intercept = −0.15 pptv). Better correlation was found (R2 = 0.85, slope = 1.04, and intercept = −0.11 pptv) for BrO observations at moderate wind speeds (>3 m s−1 and <8 m s−1) and low nitric oxide (NO) mixing ratios (<100 pptv). The improved agreement is likely due to the elimination of periods when the spatial distribution of BrO is inhomogeneous. The detection limit obtained for the CIMS was 2.6 pptv (3σ) for a 4 s integration period, and the estimated uncertainty was ∼30%. The detection limits for the LP-DOAS ranged from 0.7 to 5 pptv (3σ) depending on the level of ambient light and the chosen light path, and the estimated systematic error was 10%. The agreement between the CIMS and LP-DOAS is excellent and demonstrates the capability of both instruments to selectively and accurately measure BrO with high sensitivity.
Two‐decadal aerosol trends as a likely explanation of the global dimming/brightening transition

Global average trends in solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface show a transition from dimming to brightening that occurred in about 1990. We show that the inter‐annual trend in solar radiation between 1980 and 2000 mirrors the trend in primary emissions of SO2 and black carbon, which together contribute about one‐third of global average aerosol optical depth. Combined global emissions of these two species peaked in 1988–1989. The two‐decadal rate of decline in aerosol loading resulting from these emission changes, 0.13% yr−1, can be compared with the reported increase in solar radiation of 0.10% yr−1 in 1983–2001. Regional patterns of aerosol and radiation changes are also qualitatively consistent. We conclude that changes in the aerosol burden due to changing patterns of anthropogenic emissions are likely contributing to the trends in surface solar radiation.
Pre-Melting in Cubic Structure with Relaxation

We study the effect of melting of well-defined crystal surface within the frame of theory of atomic vibrations in harmonic approximation. We find that for two types of cubic crystal lattice: face centered cubic and body centered cubic, we may expect the existence of pre-melting. It is also shown that the occurrence or absence of surface melting depends strongly on the relaxation of lattice constant.
Math anxiety and its relationship to inhibitory abilities and perceived emotional intelligence

Math anxiety has been found to be an emotional problem that has a negative effect on students´ academic performance across different levels of education. This type of anxiety could be related to certain cognitive and emotional processes. A first objetive was to examine the relationship between math anxiety and certain inhibitory abilities responsible of eliminating intrusive thoughts or preventing them access to consciousness. A second aim was to determine the extent in which math anxiety and students´self-perceptions of their own emotional abilities are related. To this end, 187 first-year undergraduate psychology students were administered different measures to assess math anxiety, statistics anxiety, inhibitory abilities, and perceived emotional intelligence. The results showed that students with high math anxiety were more likely to experience intrusive thoughts, were less effective at suppressing these thoughts, and reported lower scores in understanding and regulating their emotions. These cognitive mechanisms and emotional abilities are of relevance to better understand the nature of this type of anxiety.
Different forms of life satisfaction and their relation to affectivity

Aims: the present study is aimed at studying the research question whether high satisfaction levels achieved through either (1) the fact that one’s quality of life is truly satisfactory (i.e., stabilized life satisfaction) or through (2) adapting a more favorable perception of one’s quality of life by lowering standards (i.e., resigned life satisfaction) are associated with different levels of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) when compared to each other but also when compared to dissatisfied individuals. Methods: A sample of 104 adults completed measures assessing stabilized and resigned life satisfaction, PA and NA, and global life satisfaction (i.e., no explicit consideration of differences in standards) in an online survey. Participants were not paid for participation but received feedback on results of the study if interest was expressed. results: stabilized life satisfaction and global life satisfaction showed highly similar correlation pattern with PA and NA. resigned satisfaction was negatively associated with PA and positively correlated with NA. stabilized and resigned satisfied individuals showed more favorable levels of PA and NA compared with Claudia Harzer1, Christian Ehrlich2 Affiliations: 1Ph.D. , Visiting Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Kassel, Germany; 2Ph.D. , Senior Lecturer, Department of Business and Management, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK. Corresponding Author: Claudia Harzer, University of Kassel, Department of Psychology, Hollaendische Str. 36-38, 34127 Kassel, Germany; Email: harzer.c@gmail.com Received: 06 January 2016 Accepted: 19 February 2016 Published: 03 May 2016 dissatisfied individuals, but did not differ from each other with regard to their levels of PA and NA. conclusion: Although showing a less favorable correlation pattern with PA and NA, adopting a resigned form of satisfaction (i.e., taking a more favorable view of one’s quality of life by lowering individual standards) seemed to prevent individuals from experiencing the same high levels of NA like dissatisfied ones. this has not been studied in detail so far, and therefore, the present paper opens a further area of research within the context of life satisfaction.
Feature selection based identification of crucial factors for successful advertising on mobile devices (特集 「離散問題とデータ科学の接点」および一般)

With enormous increase in mobile phone users and a variety of development applications (APP) on mobile devices, the market share of mobile advertisements is growing dramatically. Mobile advertisements can reach potential customers at any time and place based on individual’s needs. For advertisers, how to enhance click through rate (CTR) has become one of major issues. This study focus on identifying the important factors influencing a user’s click through rate to provide advertisers with useful information for the design of mobile advertisements. This work attempts to to collect all potential factors of mobile advertising, and then employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to identify the key attributes to enhance click through rate. Findings can be used to improve the benefits of mobile advertising and to increase the market share of mobile advertisements.
Small Signal Stability Analysis of Detailed DC Grids Network Model

DC grids based on VSC-HVDC could be a competitive and an attractive option for many applications such as renewable energy interconnection or for power supply to large metropolitan areas for many reasons. A detailed 121st order multiple-input multiple output small-signal dynamic model of a DC grid network is presented in this paper. It contains control systems, and detailed representations of the AC and DC side. Aspects such as DC voltage droop control, the cut off frequency of the DC voltage feedback filters are discussed in detail. An eigenvalues stability study is used to find the optimum values of the droop gains and the cut off frequency of the DC voltage feedback filters. The model accuracy is verified using detailed PSCAD simulation. Testing on the detailed simulator PSCAD/EMTDC is carried out all over to validate the conclusions that obtained from analytical studies.
Aalborg Universitet Communication Systems and Study Method for Active Distribution Power systems

Due to the involvement and evolvement of communication technologies in contemporary power systems, the applications of modern communication technologies in distribution power system are becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) reference seven-layer model of communication systems, and the main communication technologies and protocols on each corresponding layer are introduced. Some newly developed communication techniques, like Ethernet, are discussed with reference to the possible applications in distributed power system. The suitability of the communication technology to the distribution power system with active renewable energy based generation units is discussed. Subsequently the typical possible communication systems are studied by simulation. In this paper, a novel method of integrating communication system impact into power system simulation is presented to address the problem of lack of off-shelf research tools on the power system communication. The communication system is configured and studied by the OPNET, and the performance of an active distribution power system integrated with the communication system is simulated by EMTDC/ PSCAD.
"If I didn't trust Swedish Healthcare Direct, I would never call" - views of making pediatric health calls

The focus of the presented research is parents’ expectations and experiences of calling Swedish Healthcare Direct (SHD)regarding pediatric health issues. Telenursing is a rapidly expanding service and SHD handles up to 2.4 million pediatrichealth calls yearly. Mothers make the majority of the calls and reportedly receive self-care advice more than fathers.Parents’ views are important for the development and safe use of telenursing health services. The study is qualitative, withan exploratory and descriptive design. Twenty-one interviews with parents were analysed using content analysis.According to the interviewees, the decision to contact SHD or not is influenced by their degree of worry or trust in theservice. Calls are carefully prepared, and who will call is often predetermined and affected by gender. Parents want to begiven a chance to speak first in their communication with telenurses. They want to be listened to carefully and to beaccorded respect, to have their needs fully explored and to have their concerns relieved. Most parents follow telenurses’recommendations, a few exclusively. Some primarily trust their own intuition. Learning is frequent, implying the publichealth potential of calls, not least for foreign-born callers. Exploring parents’ expectations provides insight into parents’worries, potential to increase parents’ learning and may develop their trust in telenurses’ recommendations. Telenurses’awareness of gender impact can further develop the telenursing health service in providing safe care on equal terms for avulnerable patient group, children.
Nitrification and nitrifying bacteria in the Chengdu section of middle Min River (China)

The Min River is one of the most important tributaries of the upper Yangtze River. Its middle reach, below Chengdu city, receives large numbers of effluents from Sanwayao wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), where ammonia concentration raises significantly. In this study, the situation of ammonia pollution, nitrification and nitrifying bacteria in the Min River was studied during the year 2007 to 2008. Nitrifying activity was assessed under optimum conditions based on the background ammonia concentration and abundance of nitrifying bacteria was measured by the real time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RTQ-PCR). The community composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was investigated with polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) of 16S ribosomal DNA fragments. The results showed that the ammonia contamination of the Chengdu section of the middle Min River was severe. Nitrification mainly takes place in the 30 km reach of the lower river, where the numbers of nitrifying bacteria are relatively more than those in the upper river do. The sequence analysis of the DGGE bands reveals that the majority of AOB presenting in the river belong to lineage 2, represented by Nitrosomonas oligotropha-and Nitrosomonas ureae-like bacteria. The rest of the AOB population is represented in minor proportions by Nitrosospira-like species.
Density‐dependent regulation of the critically endangered black rhinoceros population in Ithala Game Reserve, South Africa

Ensuring the persistence of populations of endangered species requires an understanding of, and response to, the causes of population declines. Species occurring in small populations are vulnerable to stochastic problems that are environmental, demographic, or genetic in nature and can reduce survival as much as the deterministic threats of habitat degradation. Critically endangered black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) populations declined throughout Africa since 1960, with numbers steadily increasing at a continental level, but remaining lower than three generations ago. However, size, demographics, trends, and factors affecting these, are poorly known. We used 18 years (1990-2008) of long-term sightings data from Ithala Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, to determine population estimates, growth rate and fecundity over time, as well as sex and age structure and age-specific probabilities of survival. Calf survivorship between the ages of 0 and 1 year was 74% for females and 94% for males. Age-specific survivorship for both sexes was significantly higher from yearling to subadult age- classes (1-6 years) than for adults (7-30 years). The most frequent cause of mortality was attributed to unknown causes while fighting injuries was recorded as the second most common cause of mortality, particularly among subadult and adult males. There was no significant difference in the sex ratios at birth, although the proportion of females in the population was 0.58. There was strong evidence for density-dependent regulation, with density in conception year a key driver of population performance (birth rate). The population does not appear to be at ecological carrying capacity; however, social effects are delaying conception. To mitigate density-dependent social effects, we recommend an adaptive management strategy of pre-selecting individuals for removal from the reserve, so as to maintain stability in the social organization of the population.
Sparse Signal Inversion with Impulsive Noise by Dual Spectral Projected Gradient Method

We consider sparse signal inversion with impulsive noise. There are three major ingredients. The first is regularizing properties; we discuss convergence rate of regularized solutions. The second is devoted to the numerical solutions. It is challenging due to the fact that both fidelity and regularization term lack differentiability. Moreover, for ill-conditioned problems, sparsity regularization is often unstable. We propose a novel dual spectral projected gradient (DSPG) method which combines the dual problem of multiparameter regularization with spectral projection gradient method to solve the nonsmooth optimization functional. We show that one can overcome the nondifferentiability and instability by adding a smooth regularization term to the original optimization functional. The advantage of the proposed functional is that its convex duality reduced to a constraint smooth functional. Moreover, it is stable even for ill-conditioned problems. Spectral projected gradient algorithm is used to compute the minimizers and we prove the convergence. The third is numerical simulation. Some experiments are performed, using compressed sensing and image inpainting, to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.
HYBRID EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS FOR FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE CONTROL IN POWER GENERATING SYSTEM

Power generating system has the responsibility to ensure that adequate power is delivered to the load, both reliably and economically. Any electrical system must be maintained at the desired operating level characterized by nominal frequency and voltage profile. But the ability of the power system to track the load is limited due to physical and technical consideration. Hence, a Power System Control is required to maintain a continuous balance between power generation and load demand. The quality of power supply is affected due to continuous and random changes in load during the operation of the power system. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) play an important role in maintaining constant frequency and voltage in order to ensure the reliability of electric power. The fixed gain PID controllers used for this application fail to perform under varying load conditions and hence provide poor dynamic characteristics with large settling time, overshoot and oscillations. In this paper, Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) like, Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO), Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO), and Stochastic Particle Swarm Optimization (SPSO) are proposed to overcome the premature convergence problem in a standard PSO. These algorithms reduce transient oscillations and also increase the computational efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller adapt themselves appropriate to varying loads and hence provide better performance characteristics with respect to settling time, oscillations and overshoot.
On the Enforcement of Trade Embargoes by the Merchant Guilds

Compensation from rulers of trading centres to merchants whose property rights had been violated was a notable feature of early European international trade. We demonstrate in a repeated-game model that demands for compensation made threats by merchant guilds to impose trade boycotts self-enforcing for individual merchants, thus removing incentives for embargo breaking that could otherwise have rendered guilds powerless. Long-distance merchants were thus protected from predation by medieval city rulers, possibly providing a foundation for the trade expansion of the `Commercial Revolution'. We also address the frequently neglected issue of whether the guilds and cities would have agreed on the level of trade which they wished to support.
The Antecedents of Category Management towards Customer Enhanced Services and Effects on Customer Satisfaction in Pharmaceutical Retailing: A Study with Special Reference to Medical Shops (Drug Stores) at Kanchipuram Town

Category planning and management is the vital strategic part of retailing. It is the instrument for differentiated customer service and customer satisfaction. The cause of category planning and management induce the effect on retention of customers in competitive retailing environment. The present study focuses to understand the antecedents of category planning and management among the pharmaceutical retailing by considering the product mix dealing of healthcare, oral care, skin care, personal care and homecare products and its line dealt by the drug stores for the enhanced service to customers on customer satisfaction as well retention at Kanchipuram town. The Category Management process undertaken by the medical shop retailers in the study area comprises product assortment, availability, pricing, promotion and reachability as important constructs with identified sub items through previous studies. The empirical data required for the study were collected from the customers during the time of purchase in different retail formats of pharmaceutical shops belong to brand and unbranded retailers in the study area. The conceptual theoretical background on retail Category Management model influence on enhanced customer service and customer satisfaction was tested through structural equation model (SEM-covariance) with the help of AMOS 17.0. The major observations of the study proclaims that the Category Management aspects have direct influence on enhanced customer service and no direct influence on customer satisfaction but at the same time the effect of enhanced customer service is high on customer satisfaction.
Dynamic space utilization of lame and non-lame sows as determined by their lying-standing sequence profile

iv CHAPTER I GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 Thesis Organization . 2 Outcomes . 2 Practical Implications . 4 Author Contributions . 5 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW . 6 CHAPTER III DYNAMIC SPACE UTILIZATION FOR LAME AND NON-LAME GESTATING SOWS DETERMINED BY THE LYING-STANDING SEQUENCE . 22 Abstract . 23