Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-Variable Analysis of Accommodation Reviews Based on a Hierarchical Topic Model

—Accommodation reviews are valuable resources for future guests to know the opinions of users who have already stayed at a particular place before. However, it is difﬁcult for users to extract the information speciﬁc to each topic such as facilities, access, and breakfast. We consider that the seasonal features of accommodations are especially important to ensure a comfortable and enjoyable stay. This paper proposes a hierarchical topic analysis with time variation to extract seasonal features for accommodations. The proposed method extracts seasonally important words and shows the similarity of topics that the important words belong to between seasons. In this paper, we discuss the effectiveness of the extracted features as references for guests to choose accommodations.
Water adsorption properties on porous silica glass surface modified by trimethylsilyl groups

Nitrogen and water adsorption properties on the porous silica glass surfaces modified by different concentration of trimethylsilyl (TMS) groups were studied. The specific surface areas and parameterCvalues in the BET equation estimated from nitrogen adsorption decreased with increase in the surface concentration of the TMS groups and became constant values above 1.0 TMS group per nm2. The water adsorption property suggested that a highly silylated sample still represented hydrophilic character in initial adsorption process. Water molecules interact with the residual hydroxyl groups existing under the umbrellas of the TMS groups and form clusters. Above the concentration of 1.0 TMS group per nm2the capillary condensation of water vapor did not occur. The TMS groups interrupt to build a two-dimensional network of each cluster. The formation of multilayer adsorption of water molecules depends on the magnitude of hydrophilic patch areas which are surrounded by TMS groups.
D EEP D ENOISING FOR S CIENTIFIC D ISCOVERY : A C ASE S TUDY IN E LECTRON M ICROSCOPY

Denoising is a fundamental challenge in scientiﬁc imaging. Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) provide the current state of the art in denoising natural images, where they produce impressive results. However, their potential has barely been explored in the context of scientiﬁc imaging. Denoising CNNs are typically trained on real natural images artiﬁcially corrupted with simulated noise. In contrast, in scientiﬁc applications, noiseless ground-truth images are usually not available. To address this issue, we propose a simulation-based denoising (SBD) framework, in which CNNs are trained on simulated images. We test the framework on data obtained from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), an imaging technique with widespread applications in material science, biology
The dehydration of chrysotile in air and under hydrothermal conditions.

Summary. Chrysotile fibres, and also single crystals oflizardite, were dehydrated hydrothermally, and the resulting pseudomorphs studied by X-ray rotation photographs. The initial products are normally forsterite and disordered material; talc forms more slowly. At water pressures up to 600 kg/cm 2, both fors~erite and tale show strong preferred orientation. At higher pressures the talc is oriented but the forsterite tends to be unoriented. The orientation of forsterite formed at 550 ~ C and 500 kg/cm 2 differs from that found when chrysotile is dehydrated by heating in air. The orientation relationships suggest that, in the dry reaction, the forsterite orientation is controlled mainly by the octahedral layers of the chrysotile, while in the hydrothermal reaction it is controlled mainly by the tetrahedral layers. This does not support the generally accepted mechanism for the dry reaction. New mechanisms are suggested, for both dry and hydrothermal reactions, similar to that already suggested by us for the dehydration of brucite. The formation of talc in the hydrothermal reaction, and of enstatitc in the dry reaction above 1000 ~ are also discussed. The dehydration of talc, to give enstatite, has also been studied using single crystals, and the mechanism of this process is briefly discussed.
The nature of some soluble catalysts for low pressure ethylene polymerization

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the nature of some soluble catalysts for low-pressure ethylene polymerization. Soluble catalysts for the low-pressure ethylene polymerization have been found which are less active than the best heterogeneous catalysts, but which are much more suitable for the basic research on chemical nature of the catalysts. The soluble catalytic system obtained from organo-aluminium compounds and Ti compounds in which the Ti atom is bound to two cyclopentadienyl groups. A crystallizable bimetallic complex has been synthesized which is a catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene. It can be concluded that the Ziegler-type polymerization catalysts are complexes containing organometallic bonds and more than one metal atom.
Impacts of additional HONO sources on O3 and PM2.5 chemical coupling and control strategies in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China

The objective of this work is to examine the impacts of additional HONO sources on the chemical interaction between ozone (O3) and particulate matter with a diameter≤2.5 µm (PM2.5). Three additional HONO sources, i.e. HONO emissions, the reaction of photo-excited nitrogen dioxide (NO2 *) with water vapour (H2O), and NO2 heterogeneous reaction on aerosol surfaces, were inserted into the fully coupled Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry model to evaluate O3 and PM2.5 concentration enhancements in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during August 2007. Results show that the additional HONO sources significantly increase O3 and PM2.5 concentrations during daytime. Up to 9 ppb enhancements of O3 and 32 µg m−3 increases in PM2.5 are found at seven urban sites over the BTH region. O3 increases are closely connected to PM2.5 increases over urban areas during daytime when the additional HONO sources are taken into account. PM2.5 inorganic components of , and are increased by 5–18, 10–58 and 10–40%, respectively, over urban areas during daytime. The simultaneous increment of O3 and PM2.5 during daytime due to the additional HONO sources is related to the increasing oxidants (OH, H2O2 and O3) that enhance the atmospheric oxidising capacity. The concentration variations of O3 and PM2.5 under a variety of NOx, volatile organic compound and ammonia (NH3) emission control scenarios show that the additional HONO sources increase the sensitivity of O3 and PM2.5 concentrations to the changes of NOx emissions. An increase of the PM2.5 sensitivity to changes in NH3 emissions is also found. This indicates that without considering the additional HONO sources, the effectiveness of emission control strategies in reducing O3 and PM2.5 concentrations would be significantly underestimated.
Magnesiohögbomite-2N4S: A new polysome from the central Sør Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica

Abstract Högbomite-group minerals are complex Fe-Mg-Zn-Al-Ti oxides related to the spinel group. Their polysomatic structure is composed of spinel (S) and nolanite (N) modules. The new polysome magnesiohögbomite-2N4S (IMA 2010-084) was found in the Sør Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica. It occurs in Mg-Al-rich, Si-poor skarns, characterized by a corundum-spinel-phlogopite-clinochlore assemblage. The new magnesiohögbomite polysome formed during the retrograde metamorphic stage. Magnesiohögbomite-2N4S appears macroscopically orange red, the streak is light orange colored. Euhedral crystals are hexagonal plates or prisms with cleavage planes on {001}. The mineral is optically uniaxial (-) and pleochroic with O = reddish brown and E = pale brown. The mean refractive index calculated from reflectance data in air at 589 nm is 1.85(3). The calculated density is 3.702(2) g/cm3. The Mohs hardness is 6.5-7, and VHN300 = 1020-1051, mean 1032 kg/mm2. The crystal structure of the new polysome magnesiohögbomite-2N4S has been solved and refined (R1 = 2.74%) from single-crystal XRD data. The crystal chemical formula is T10M24O46(OH)2 where T and M represent tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The mineral is hexagonal, space group P63mc (no. 186), a = 5.71050(10), c = 27.6760(4) Å, Z = 1, V = 781.60(2) Å3. The strongest lines in the powder XRD pattern [d (Å), I (%), hkl] are: 2.8561(4), 37, 110; 2.6120(3), 39, 109; 2.42818(16), 100, 116; 2.4160(4), 39, 1010; 2.01181(13), 50, 208; 1.54892(16), 35, 2110; 1.42785(6), 57, 220. Strongest peaks in Raman spectra are at 302, 419, 479, 498, 709, 780, and 872 cm-1, with a broad OH-characteristic absorption around 3400 cm-1. The mean chemical composition (wt%) is SiO2 0.05, TiO2 7.08, SnO2 0.15, Al2O3 66.03, Cr2O3 0.02, Fe2O3 0.50, FeO 4.87, MnO 0.06, MgO 18.71, CaO 0.01, ZnO 0.96, NiO 0.01, CoO 0.02, F 0.06, Cl 0.01, H2O 1.00, sum 99.51. The simplified formula is (Mg8.2Fe1.2Zn0.2)2+(Al22.7Fe0.1)3+ Ti4+1.6O46(OH)2 and ideal formula is Mg10Al22Ti2O46(OH)2. This mineral is a solid solution between the two ideal end-members, (Mg,Fe,Zn)102+(Al,Fe)223+Ti24+O46(OH)2 and (Mg,Fe,Zn)82+(Al,Fe)263+O46(OH)2.
The Impact of CEOs on Changes to Executive Compensation After the TCJA: Initial Evidence

The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) expanded the impact of IRC Section 162(m) by disallowing deductions for any compensation over $1 million paid to top executives. Under prior law, qualified performance-based pay was exempt from the $1 million cap. We examine whether TCJA affected firms’ CEO compensation decisions in the first year following enactment. Using a difference-in-difference design, we find little evidence that CEO salaries increase more at tax-sensitive firms in the year after the TCJA. We also find that the change in total compensation is not different between our treatment and control groups. Additional analyses using different definitions of treatment and control groups confirm these results. We also examine whether firms’ reactions to the TCJA vary based on CEO strength and broader corporate governance measures. We find that weaker CEOs with little influence over the board or compensation committee members received smaller increases to compensation after TCJA, but changes to executive compensation do not vary with broader corporate governance measures. Taken together, our results provide a first glimpse of firms’ changes to CEO compensation after the TCJA.
Solubility of cholesterol in supercritical ethane and binary gas mixtures containing ethane

The solubility of cholesterol in supercritical ethane at 313.1, 323.1, and 333.1 K and 70--190 bar is presented as well as the solubility in ethane with 3.5 and 14 mol% propane and ethane with 3.5, 14, 50, and 96.5 mol% carbon dioxide at temperatures from 308.1 to 338.1 K and 85--220 bar. The results are compared with previous measurements in pure carbon dioxide and are discussed in terms of the effect of mixture density and properties of the solute. Cholesterol appears to behave as a predominantly hydrocarbon molecule despite the presence of an OH group and a dipole moment of 1.9 D. The cosolvent effects observed with propane and with CO[sub 2] can be explained by the density behavior of the solvent mixtures. The data are correlated with the Peng-Robinson and Patel-Teja equations of state. It is shown that estimated critical properties for cholesterol are unsatisfactory for phase equilibrium calculations, and a modified Peng-Robinson equation is introduced in which the solute parameters a[sub 2] and b[sub 2] are made adjustable. The resulting equation of state has three adjustable parameters for an entire binary solid-supercritical fluid data set instead of one parameter per isotherm. With the modified Peng-Robinson equation, the solubilitymore » of cholesterol in the ethane-CO[sub 2] mixtures was predicted with an average absolute relative deviation of 21% using only parameters from the binary systems. « less
MPM – Master of Project Management Cloud Adoption Challenges

Cloud computing is an economic and operational model which has become mainstream and is growing every year. Besides providing an opportunity to control costs, the main reasons for companies adopting the cloud are to gain speed and agility. Organisations globally are increasingly moving to the cloud and initiating projects to manage this technological change. This leads to the research question: “What are the primary challenges for organisations when conducting cloud adoption projects? ”. The literature review defines cloud computing before examining the topics of change management and, more specifically, cloud adoption projects. Four IT professionals with experience of cloud adoption projects were interviewed for this research. The main finding is that cloud adoption projects face three main challenges: the intrinsically highly transformational nature of cloud adoption itself and the associated disruptive nature of such transformations, the requirement for a baseline of organisational maturity, and the human factor - the psychology of fear and resistance when faced with a particularly unfamiliar and abstract change driver such as represented by cloud computing.
Engagement Estimation for an E-Learning Environment Application

—In this study, we conducted an estimation of engagement through virtual learning environment by using facial images. We aim to improve student learning rates and get a better understanding of them through facial expressions. Nowadays, computation power and memory capacity are available for analysis on large scale datasets. As a result, deep learning techniques can effectively extract useful features from the given dataset over traditional approaches. Unfortunately, deep learning-based methods require a massive amount of labeled data. Although there are many face datasets for face related problems, such as face detection and face recognition, it is still limited to facial expressions. To overcome this limitation, we use the advantages of the style transfer technique to obtain the basic features of the face and eliminate the features that are not useful for engagement estimation. In our experiment, we use the Visual Geometry Group-16 (VGG-16) face model to extract the prominent basic features of the face and eliminate the non-related features by differing peak and neutral frames. We demonstrated the practical use of our method through the efﬁciency of detecting student engagement. The results show that our proposed method provides 50% accuracy in engagement estimation.
Post-Harvest Chemical Staining in Blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.)

Summary This is the first report of post-harvest wood staining in blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon R. Br). In Tasmanian sawmills, an orange-brown stain commonly occurs upon cutting fresh blackwood. An investigation of the causal mechanism of stain development was completed using fresh flitches and stockpiled logs. Some fungi and bacteria were isolated from stained and unstained blackwood, but no species was consistently present in stained wood alone. Wood pH did not vary between stained and unstained wood, but there was some evidence of alterations in phenol composition. Blackwood extracts were analysed by HPLC and a minor phenolic compound was detected that was consistently found in stained samples and rarely in unstained. UV spectra indicated that this compound may be a quinone, but mass spectrometry data was inconclusive. Experiments with blackwood extracts showed that addition of oxygen (by means of H2O2 treatment) increased absorbance in the “brown” wavelengths characteristic of stain. This supports the assumption that the stain is an oxidative chemical stain, as it develops quite rapidly from cut surfaces.
Efficient Combination of Recyclable Task Specific Ionic Liquid and Microwave Dielectric Heating for the Synthesis of Lipophilic Esters

Mild and efficient esterification reactions of carboxylic acids with neo-pentanol were carried out using task-specific ionic liquids with hydrogen sulphate counteranion under microwave irradiation. The latent acidity of the ionic liquid was introduced by anion metathesis from hydrogen sulphate with the corresponding imidazolium or pyridinium halides. The catalyst [C4mim][HSO4] modified with 5% of concentrated sulfuric acid was reused three times without considerable loss of activity in esterification using classical heating in oil bath.
Molecular dynamics algorithm for multiple time scales: Systems with disparate masses

A frequently encountered problem in molecular dynamics is how to treat the long times that are required to simulate condensed systems consisting of mixtures of light and heavy particles. Standard methods require the choice of time step sufficiently small to guarantee stable solution for the low mass component with the consequence that these simulations require a very large number of central processing unit cycles to treat the relaxation of the heavier component. In this note, we present a new method that allows one to use a time step appropriate for the heavy particles. This method uses a similar idea to numerical analytical propogator algorithm, an algorithm we invented to treat high frequency oscillators interacting with low frequency baths and is based on a choice of a reference system for the light particle motions. The method is applied to the case of a liquid containing 864 Lennard‐Jones spheres, 824 of these particles having a mass, M=100 and 40 spheres picked at random have a mass m=1. It is shown.
Generalized form of the conserved quantity in constant-temperature molecular dynamics

A generalized form of the conserved quantity in the constant-temperature molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is proposed as a measure of accuracy of MD simulations. This quantity is defined as the deviation of the distribution functions, or the Jacobian determinant, generated by the MD trajectory, from the ideal canonical value. For the Nose–Hoover equations, this has the same form as the Hamiltonian of Nose’s extended system. We calculated the conserved quantities for a series of constant-temperature simulations of a small protein, crambin, in water, and used them to evaluate the accuracy of the simulations under various conditions; i.e., with the Gaussian isokinetic or Nose–Hoover equations, with flexible or rigid-body water, and with a single- or multiple-time-step algorithm. New integrators, based on the decomposition of the exponential Liouville operators, were developed for the simulation with rigid-body water. The comparison of the conserved quantities showed that the Gaussian isokinetic equations p.
The Interaction between Child Behavioral Inhibition and Parenting Behaviors across Development: Effects on Adolescent Psychopathology

Psychopathology is highly prevalent during childhood and adolescence and contributes to a variety of negative outcomes. Attempts to identify etiological factors which contribute to the development of psychopathology in youth have considered the Goodness of Fit between children’s temperaments and the behaviors exhibited by their parents (Chess & Thomas, 1999; Zuckerman, 1999). Many studies have demonstrated that the interaction of children’s behavioral inhibition and certain parenting behaviors influences children’s psychological outcomes. However, the ability to draw firm conclusions from these studies is severely limited by methodological weaknesses. In the current study, data were analyzed from 253 youth (46% male) who completed assessments at 2-years (N=167), 3-years (N=144), 4-years (N=134), 6-years (N=110), and 9years of age (N=192), and during adolescence (N=78; mean age=14.08 years). Measures of child behavioral inhibition, maternal warmth and control, and child psychopathology were gathered at each time point. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted to explore the moderating effect of maternal warmth and control on the relationship between child shyness and child/adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptoms. With a few exceptions, child shyness significantly predicted child internalizing symptoms at each time point, while maternal warmth and control, and their interaction with child shyness, did not predict child internalizing or externalizing outcomes. Longitudinally, the slope of shyness across childhood significantly predicted adolescent internalizing symptoms. The moderating effect of maternal parenting on this relationship could not be explored due to sample size and missing data restrictions. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the interaction between child shyness (at each time point) and maternal warmth and control did not predict adolescent psychopathology. Cross-lagged structural equation models analyzed the longitudinal, bidirectional relationships between child shyness and maternal warmth and control. However, youth shyness and maternal warmth/control were not correlated at any time point, youth shyness did not predict future displays of maternal warmth/control, and maternal warmth/control did not impact future levels of youth shyness. Compared to previous studies, the current study’s design and methodology had many strengths. However, the findings were largely inconsistent with hypotheses and previous work. Possible explanations for these findings, study limitations, and directions for future research are summarized. The Interaction between Child Behavioral Inhibition and Parenting Behaviors across Development: Effects on Adolescent Psychopathology
Detection of Heterogeneous Wheat Samples Using near Infrared Spectroscopy

An homogeneity check using Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy has been developed for agricultural and agro-food samples prepared for Proficiency Testing Schemes (PTS) at Bipea. To evaluate the homogeneity among samples, the procedure involves a comparison of NIR spectra, the determination of global homogeneity criteria and the use of control charts. To study the performance of the method, “heterogeneous” wheat samples were artificially prepared and several methods tested to detect them. Wheat samples were analysed by diffuse reflection in the 10,500 to 3800 cm−1 spectral range (or 952 to 2631 nm). To detect the “heterogeneous” samples among the “homogeneous” samples, a classical outlier detection (Grubbs' test) applied to quantitative results obtained with NIR calibrations (protein and moisture contents) was first performed. A second, qualitative, approach was also used, based on the processing of the spectra with: the calculations of “standard deviation spectra” and the “difference” spectra; the application of the Grubbs' test directly on spectra; and the computations of Euclidian distances. The results confirm that the NIR technique is well adapted and outstanding for checking homogeneity among samples prepared for PTS and that the processing of the whole spectra is more efficient than simply the processing of the protein and moisture contents (obtained from NIR calibrations). “Heterogeneous” wheat samples only slightly different in their protein and moisture contents compared to “Homogeneous” wheat samples could be detected (deviation among samples down to 0.03% of protein content and 0.08% of moisture content).