Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermo-Emf in Si--Ge Solid Solution Whiskers

An inﬂuence of strain on the character of temperature dependences for thermo-e.m. f. in p -type Si 1 − x Ge x ( x = 0 . 01 ÷ 0 . 05 ) solid solution whiskers with boron-impurity concentration closed to metal–insulator transition (MIT) in the temperature range of 4 . 2 ÷ 200 K has been investigated. The behaviour of Seebeck coeﬃcient at low temperature range is shown to change substantially under strain. In unstrained samples at temperature decrease Seebeck coeﬃcient is down, while under strain it rises reaching maximum at certain temperatures and then it drops again. The magnitude and temperature position of Seebeck coeﬃcient maximum depend on strain and doping levels. At the approach to MIT from dielectric side and at strain increasing the value of piezo-Seebeck coeﬃcient rises (up to 20 mV/K), while the position of maximum shifts to a low temperature range (from 30 to 4.2 K). Besides, the inﬂuence of high magnetic ﬁelds (up to 14 T) on the behaviour of piezo-thermo-e.m. f. at 4.2 K has been studied. A quadratic dependence of piezo-Seebeck coeﬃcient on the magnetic ﬁeld was observed.
Examining the Soils Adjacent to the Historical Pitch Lake for Levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) and Naturally Occurring Pah-Degrading Bacteria

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) exhibit carcinogenic and/or mutagenic properties and these are listed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and European Commission (EC) as priority pollutants (Amellal et al., 2001). The European standards for PAHs in soils, sediments, and groundwater has been well documented and evaluated in recent years (Lijzen et al., 2001) and will be used as the baseline for purposes of this research. Utilizing the revised clean up standards for an average soil for the Netherlands (10% organic matter and 25% clay) should range between 140 mg(PAH)/Kg dw, if it is greater than 40 mg(PAH)/Kg dw, then remediation should be undertaken(Harmsen, 2004). Generally in the natural terrestrial environment from biological processes, soils are estimated to have levels of 1–100 μg/Kg PAHs (Wilcke, 2000), whereas concentrations of PAHs in highly polluted soils can range anywhere from 10 mg/Kg to 10 g/Kg dry weight (Stieber et al., 1994).
Dynamics of a nonlocal diffusive logistic model with free boundaries in time periodic environment

In this paper we study a nonlocal diffusion model with double free boundaries in time periodic environment, which is the natural extension of the free boundary model in [ 17 ], where local diffusion is used to describe the population dispersal. We give the existence and uniqueness of global solution and consider the properties of principle eigenvalue of time-periodic parabolic-type eigenvalue problem. With the help of attractivity of time periodic solutions, we establish a spreading-vanishing dichotomy. The sharp criteria for spreading and vanishing are also obtained.
PUBLIC SERVICE IN FACING OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

ABSTRACT The dynamic development of public services has created a new paradigm for the performance of apparatus or bureaucrats as service providers. In the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, there are various challenges in the implementation of public services. However, apparatus or bureaucrats are vital factors in the success of public services so that they are demanded to be more competent and professional in their services. Therefore, a practical and efficient bureaucracy model is demanded to eliminate rigid and inefficient bureaucracy in public services. Including eliminating inefficient and ineffective mechanisms of work, sources of abuse of authority that cause corruption and the like. The provi- sion of services to the public in the city of Bandung needs to be further improved in order to provide quality public services. In order to improve public services the Bandung City government should adopt co-production public service models as collaboration program between citizens and public officials. However, the new paradigm of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is a challenge for the civil serv- ants for providing better and quality public services. Keywords: Bureaucracy, bureaucrat, industrial revolution, public service.
Embedding of right-angled Artin and Coxeter groups into products of trees

A finitely generated group Γ is a right-angled Artin group if the only relations in Γ are commutators of generators. A finitely generated group Γ is a right-angled Coxeter group if all generators have order two and the other relations are commutators of generators. The aim of this thesis is to show that these kinds of groups admit a quasi-isometric embedding into products of binary trees. An important aspect is that the number of trees is bounded by the coloring number of the group, which is the minimal number of colors we need to color the generators such that commuting generators have different colors. The basic idea of the embedding is a vector valued diary map with an aperiodic decoration.
Stark spectroscopy on rare gas atoms

We report the development of laser diagnostic techniques based on Stark spectroscopy of xenon and krypton atoms. Measurement of Stark spectra from the sheath regions of glow discharges were performed, and experimental results were compared to theoretical calculations by solving the Schrödinger equation for xenon and krypton atoms. A good agreement between the calculation results and experimental results for the excitations from 5s to nf for krypton and 6s’ to nf for xenon was achieved. Furthermore we found that energy levels of higher p states of krypton atoms were also clearly shifted in the presence of an electric field. The chapter is based on the paper: Diagnostics of electric fields in plasma using Stark spectroscopy of krypton and xenon atoms by T. Jiang, M. D. Bowden, E. Wagenaars, E. Stoffels and G. M. W. Kroesen, published by New Journal Physics, 8(2006)202
A multifunctional C + epoxy/Ag-paint cathode enables efficient and stable operation of perovskite solar cells in watery environments

Organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted wide attention mainly due to the rapid rise in their power conversion efficiency (PCE), but their long-term stability is now becoming an even more important issue given that the active perovskite material is moisture sensitive. Herein we report a hole-transporter-free PSC based on a C + epoxy electrode that can serve as both a hole-selective extractor and a water-rejecting barrier. After boosting with a silver paint coating, the whole device is not only efficient at ∼11% but also waterproof. When immersed in water, no performance degradation occurred at the first 80 min. More impressively, when the cell stability was investigated in some harsh environments, e.g., high humidity and 50 °C thermal stressing, nearly no performance degradation was observed within the testing time span.
Removal of Natural Organic Matter and Trihalomethanes from the Drinking Water of Ankara City

The effectiveness of granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption for the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) and trihalomethanes (THM) from the drinking water treated at Ivedik Water Treatment Plant in Ankara City is investigated. Freundlich Isotherm constants K and n were determined as 17.61 (mg/g)(L/mg)1 / n and 1.66 respectively to determine the carbon capacity. Bench-scale GAC columns were run with empty bed contact times (EBCT) varying from 0.40 to 2.67 min to evaluate adsorption performance and to investigate the effect of EBCT on service life. The treated volumes of water increased with EBCT, showing a linear increase in GAC service life. A five-fold increase in EBCT resulted in an almost 16-fold increase in service life. Correspondingly, the carbon usage rate (CUR) decreased and the optimum bed depth was observed to be 10 cm. The capacities calculated by the isotherm equation and achieved in columns were also compared. The column capacities were within 43-65% of the isotherm capacities at complete breakthrough. However, they were only within 8-17% of the isotherm capacities at 50% breakthrough.
Lithium Ionic Conductor Thio-LISICON: The Li2 S ­ GeS2 ­ P 2 S 5 System

The new crystalline material family, lithium superionic conductor (thio-LISICON), was found in the Li 2 S-GeS 2 -P 2 S 5 system. The solid solution member x x 0.75 in Li 4-x Ge 1-x P x S 4 shows the highest conductivity of 2.2 x 10 -3 S cm -1 at 25°C of any sintered ceramic together with negligible electronic conductivity, high electrochemical stability, no reaction with lithium metal, and no phase transition up to 500°C. Its material design concepts of changing constituent ions with various ionic radii, valence, and polarizability are described.
Estimation of Middle Distillate Fuel Properties by FT-IR

As an alternative to established laboratory protocols, partial least-squares (PLS) regression models based on Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were developed for the rapid and simultaneous determination of several middle distillate fuel properties. Requiring less than 2 mL of sample, the PLS models use a single wavelength range of baseline-uncorrected FT-IR spectra. Several preprocessing parameters were investigated, including mean-centering of the raw spectra and mean-centering of first- and second-difference spectra. In addition, modification to the calibration parameters included varying the number of cross-validation rotation samples from 5 to 50, applying a baseline correction to the spectra, and using restricted wavelength regions. In order to obtain an accurate estimate of the prediction error, we applied the method provided by Faber and Kowalski [Appl. Spectrosc. 51, 660 (1997)] that corrects for the measurement error in the reference values. On the basis of this work, the following middle distillate fuel properties may be confidently estimated by FT-IR: gravity, API°; density, g/mL; kinematic viscosity, cSt, 40 °C; boiling point at 50% recovery, °C; cetane index; carbon, wt %; hydrogen, wt %; carbon-to-hydrogen ratio, C/H; net heat of combustion, MJ/Kg (or BTU/lb); monocyclic aromatics, wt %; dicyclic aromatics, wt %; polycyclic aromatics, wt %; and total aromatics, wt %. Estimation of several other properties is also possible where reduced precision is acceptable.
Synthesis and Applications of Non-spherical Dimer Colloids

Colloids are promising building blocks in material synthesis because of their controllability of size and surface properties. The synthesis of chemically and/or geometrically anisotropic colloidal particles has received attentions with the expectation of building blocks for complex structures. However, the synthesis of anisotropic colloidal particles is by far more difficult than the synthesis of spherical colloidal particles. Lack of monodispersity and productivity of many anisotropic particles often limits their applications as a building block for complex structures. Thus, it is highly desirable to develop methods which can produce a large amount of monodisperse non-spherical particles with controllable asymmetric surface properties. This dissertation details the work for developing such a method.
Unsupervised Sequential Classification of Modis Time-Series

In this paper we present a novel hypertemporal unsupervised sequential classification algorithm. We illustrate the usefulness of this algorithm at the hand of a case study. For our case study, we consider a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer dataset containing two prominent South Afrcian land cover classes, namely natural vegetation and settlement. For the case study we considered in this paper, the proposed sequential classification approach performed on average 1.33 times better than conventional k-means.
Observations of HDO in the high-mass formation regions.

Deuterated species are powerful tools to study the physical structure and dynamics of protostellar envelopes, yet their observations are still scarce. We present observations of the ground state 10,1-00,0 rotational transition of HDO at 464.925 GHz and the 11,0-10,1 transition at 509.292 towards three high-mass star forming regions, carried out with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. The latter transition is observed for the first time from the ground. The HDO lines are modeled using a spherically symmetric radiative transfer code to derive the radial distribution of the HDO abundance in the target sources. The abundance profile is divided into an inner hot core region, with T > 100 K and a cold outer envelope with T < 100 K. The H 2 O observations from Flagey et al. (2013) are used to calculate the H2O abundance profile and thus, allow us to constrain the HDO/H2O ratio in the envelopes of high-mass star forming regions.
Rheological Modeling of Flow‐Induced Crystallization in Polymer Melts and Limitations on Classification of Experiments

A model has been developed, which provides a coupling between the kinetics of flow‐induced crystallization and the relaxation behavior of the high molecular weight chains in a polymer melt. Stretch of the backbone tubes of these chains is found to be the key factor in the formation of nucleation precursors. Orientation is not sufficient. This is demonstrated by combining simulations and experiments with different materials, under varying flow conditions and at different temperatures.Saturation of the number density of flow‐induced precursors and resulting nuclei, which is an essential element of the model, is also observed in experiments. The saturated number density is shown as a function of characteristic Weissenberg numbers, based on the reptation time and on the Rouse time of the high molecular weight chains. In some experiments, a large effect of flow is observed while the Weissenberg number based on the Rouse time is smaller than unity. This apparent disagreement with the model is discussed, showing.
Bioinformatics Methods for NMR Chemical Shift Data

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is one of the most important methods for measuring the three-dimensional structure of biomolecules. Despite major progress in the NMR methodology, the solution of a protein structure is still a tedious and time-consuming task. The goal of this thesis is to develop bioinformatics methods which may strongly accelerate the NMR process. This work concentrates on a special type of measurements, the so-called chemical shifts. Chemical shifts are routinely measured at the beginning of a structure resolution process. As all data from the laboratory, chemical shifts may be error-prone, which might complicate or even circumvent the use of this data. Therefore, as the first result of the thesis, we present CheckShift, a method which automatically corrects a frequent error in NMR chemical shift data. However, the main goal of this thesis is the extraction of structural information hidden in chemical shifts. SimShift was developed as a first step in this direction. SimShift is the first approach to identify structural similarities between proteins based on chemical shifts. Compared to methods based on the amino acid sequence alone, SimShift shows its strength in detecting distant structural relationships. As a natural further development of the pairwise comparison of proteins, the SimShift algorithm is adapted for database searching. Given a protein, the improved algorithm, named SimShiftDB, searches a database of solved proteins for structurally homologue entries. The search is based only on the amino acid sequence and the associated chemical shifts. The detected similarities are additionally ranked based on calculations of statistical significance. Finally, the Chemical Shift Pipeline, the main result of this work, is presented. By combining automatic chemical shift error correction (CheckShift) and the database search algorithm (SimShiftDB), it is possible to achieve very high quality in 70% to 80% of the similarities identified. Thereby, only about 10% of the predictions are in error.
Improving the comprehension of domain-specific languages by utilizing visualizations

Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are popular for many reasons such as increasing productivity for developers and improving communication with domain experts. DSLs can be divided into textual and graphical DSLs. Textual DSLs let users create models by using a textual concrete syntax (TCS). Graphical DSLs render the model by means of a graphical concrete syntax (GCS), which is based on graphical shapes and also facilitates graphical editing. Using a TCS may lead to higher productivity due to editor functionalities like search and replace, syntax highlighting, and code completion. Textual models, however, may be hard to understand for novice developers and domain experts in particular. Graphical representations of models, such as GCSs, aim at improving the comprehension of models and the communication with domain experts. A GCS, however, mostly visualizes structural aspects of the model by defining a mapping between semantic elements and graphical elements. Furthermore, graphical editing capabilities may impose restrictions on the design of a GCS. Therefore, a GCS might not be the best option when solely aiming at improving the comprehension. This thesis analyzes a way of combining both representations by using a textual DSL for editing purposes and read-only graphical representations which entirely aim at improving the comprehension of the DSL. This allows developers to fully concentrate on building graphical representations which highlight specific aspects of models and help users to better understand or interpret them. These graphical representations are referred to as visualizations in this thesis. A visualization is a graphical representation that cannot be edited and highlights a particular aspect. This thesis mainly aims at investigating if visualizations can increase users’ comprehension of models. Furthermore, it intends to evaluate the feasibility of using JavaFX as a base technology for creating visualizations. The results of this work are evaluated based on two use cases. The first use case aims at exploring and illustrating the technical capabilities of using JavaFX as a technology for creating visualizations. The second use case intends to evaluate the practical relevance of visualizations in the domain of automotive testing by creating visualizations for an existing DSL. The answers to our research questions are based on the results of in-depth interviews, which have been conducted with engineers professionally using the DSL.
A methodology to study chemotaxis in 3‐D collagen gels

We present here an innovative experimental methodology for the quantitative investigation of chemotaxis in vitro by live imaging of cell movement in a reconstituted three-dimensional collagen gel. A well-defined chemoattractant gradient is generated by means of a novel direct viewing chamber having two compartments (separated by a membrane), one containing the chemoattractant solution, the other the cell-seeded collagen gel matrix. Cell migration is observed by means of a time-lapse motorized video-microscopy workstation equipped with an incubating system and quantified by image analysis techniques. Experimental results on three different cell lines (Jurkat, fibroblasts, and lymphocytes) are presented for the isotropic control case (no chemoattractant) and in presence of a concentration gradient. Cell motility data are in line with the concentration profile, both theoretically calculated from Fick's law and experimentally measured by epifluorescence microscopy. In particular, a transient peak in cell response was found, possibly due to cell membrane receptor saturation. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 4025–4035, 2013
Side‐Arm Effect of a Methyl α‐d‐Glucopyranoside Based Lariat Ether Catalysts in Asymmetric Syntheses

Methyl α-d-glucopyranoside based monoaza-15-crown-5 type lariat ethers with different heteroatom-containing side arm attached to the nitrogen of the macrocyclic ring have been synthesized. These compounds were used as chiral phase transfer catalysts in a few asymmetric reactions, such as Michael additions, Darzens condensation, and epoxidation of chalcone. The side arms of the macrocycles had a significant impact on the chemical yields and the enantioselectivity. The effect of the lariat ethers with side arms having heteroatom (O, N, and S) was compared with the effect of the analogues having substituents without a heteroatom. The terminal allyl group also generated a significant enantioselectivity (79% enantiomeric excess) in one of the Michael additions. The application of crown ethers with substituents (CH2)3OH or (CH2)3OCH3 leads to the best enantioselectivities 85% and 99%, respectively.
A novel high breakdown voltage lateral bipolar transistor on SOI with multizone doping and multistep oxide

A novel high breakdown voltage lateral bipolar junction transistor (LBJT) on silicon-on- insulator (SOI) is proposed. The novelty of the device is the use of the combination of multistep-doped drift region and multistep buried oxide. The steps in doping and in oxide thickness have been used as a replacement for much complex linearly varying drift doping and linearly varying oxide thickness. The LBJT structure incorporating the combination of multistep doping and multistep oxide is analyzed for electrical characteristics using a two-dimensional numerical simulator MEDICI. Numerical simulation has demonstrated that the breakdown voltage of the proposed device with a two-zone step doped (TZSD) drift region is >150% higher than the conventional device. It has been observed that increasing the number of doping zones to 3 from 2 results in a >40% rise in breakdown voltage. The proposed device gives high breakdown voltage even at high doping concentration in the collector drift region. This reduces the on-resistance of the device and thus improves its speed. The dependence of breakdown voltage on various device parameters has been extensively studied to achieve optimum device performance. A process flow for the device fabrication is also being proposed.
Proline and hydroxyproline deposited on silver nanoparticles. A Raman, SERS and theoretical study

The Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of l-proline (Pro) and trans-4-hydroxy- l-proline (Hyp) were recorded. SERS spectra were obtained on colloidal Ag prepared by reduction with hydroxylamine. Allowing sufficient time for Pro and Hyp to adjust in the colloidal solution resulted fundamentally in obtaining unique and reproducible SERS spectra. Hyp stabilizes on the surface more rapidly than Pro. The spectral analysis indicates that Pro interacts with the Ag surface through the carboxylate group. The interaction of Hyp with the metal surface occurs through the amino, methylene and carboxylate moieties of the molecule. The spectroscopic results are supported by quantum chemical calculations, performed using extended Huckel theory (EHT) of the title compounds interacting with an Ag cluster model. The assignment of the Raman bands was supported by a normal coordinate analysis performed through Becke, three-parameter, Lee–Yang–Parr/6-311 G* + calculations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA BARCODE DE ESPÉCIES DE CICHLA INTRODUZIDAS NA BACIA DO RIO SÃO JOÃO, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL

1Doutoranda do Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brasil nathaliadiamante@gmail.com 2Acadêmica de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá UEM, Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. PIC/UEM isabelah_gon@hotmail.com 3Docente do Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular/Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brasil avoliveira@uem.br