Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Methods for Obtaining Better Diffractive Protein Crystals: From Sample Evaluation to Space Crystallization

In this paper, we present a summary on how to obtain protein crystals from which better diffraction images can be produced. In particular, we describe, in detail, quality evaluation of the protein sample, the crystallization conditions and methods, flash-cooling protection of the crystal, and crystallization under a microgravity environment. Our approach to protein crystallization relies on a theoretical understanding of the mechanisms of crystal growth. They are useful not only for space experiments, but also for crystallization in the laboratory.
Profiling consumers based on information use and trust in a developing economy

In the wake of the intense debate about the effect of poultry imports on domestic poultry industries in sub‐Saharan Africa, information campaigns have evolved to encourage the consumption of domestic poultry meat products. Nevertheless, consumers use numerous channels to find information, and thus, the extent to which resources should be allocated to these channels to reach segments of consumers is vital. The purpose of this paper is to identify consumer groups based on use and trust in information sources and then profile the segments using sociodemographic variables, purchase motives, and meat consumption. Face‐to‐face interviews were used to collect data amongst 500 urban consumers in Ghana, which were analysed with factor analysis and two‐step cluster analysis. Results show that consumers frequently use personal sources of information about chicken. Cluster analysis revealed three consumer segments: cautious consumers (18.2%), enthusiastic consumers (53.0%), and optimistic consumers (28.8%). The segments differed significantly regarding the type of information searched for, sociodemographic characteristics, purchase motives, and chicken meat consumption patterns. The findings can aid actors and institutions seeking to increase the consumption of domestic poultry meat in developing targeted communication strategies that suit the characteristics, motivations, and information needs of different consumers.
Applying Behavior Driven Development Practices and Tools to Low-Code Technology

One of the main reasons software projects fail is the lack of communication between stakeholders. Low Code Platforms have been recently growing in the software development market. These allow creating state-of-the-art applications with facilitated design and integration, in a rapid development fashion and as such, avoiding communication errors among stakeholders is indispensable to avoid regressions. Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) is a practice that focuses on developing value-based software, promoting communication by bringing business people into development. The BDDFramework is an open-source testing automation framework within the OutSystems environment. It allows describing test scenarios using the Gherkin syntax but it is not focused on enabling the BDD process. Our main challenge is: How can we apply the BDD process in Low Code and support it from a technological point of view, considering the particularities of Low Code environments and having as case study the OutSystems platform? Is the BDDFramework prepared for this? We interviewed some people in the domain to understand their development and testing challenges and their experience with the BDDFramework. With the information gathered and after studying other existing BDD process supporting tools for other languages, we built a prototype that uses the existing BDDFramework and automates it, allowing scenarios to be described in text files, which helps the introduction of business people in the process. The prototype generates all the test structure automatically, reusing equal steps while detecting parameters in the Gherkin descriptions. We performed some real user testing to validate our prototype and we found that our solution was faster, easier, with better usability and we obtained more correct tests than with the previous approach the BDDFramework alone. Testing in Low Code is still an area with a lot to explore and errors have a huge impact when development is very accelerated, so as communication errors tend to decrease we can start building software even faster and this is what BDD proposes to solve. With this prototype we have been able to demonstrate that it is possible to build a framework that will allow us to enable this process by taking advantage of the OutSystems language particularities to potentiate the BDD practice technologically, while setting a test standard for the OutSystems language.
Compensation, Insurance, and Management of Injuries in Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trials in Japan

The most recent revision in 2013 of the Declaration of Helsinki 1) , international ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, strengthened the ethical obligation of researchers to provide compensation for subjects who are harmed as a result of participating in research. This is an ethical obligation to be assured not only for cases of negligence, but also for no-fault cases 2) . Pharmaceutical companies have about 20 years of experience of managing compensation cases since the establishment of international harmonization of Good Clinical Practice(GCP)guidelines in 1996 3) . Meanwhile, the actual status of compensation for injured subjects of investigator-initiated clinical trials (IITs) has rarely been reported. To fulfill this strengthened ethical obligation, an increasing number of academic institutions have come to make contracts with insurance companies in preparation for compensation cases. However, it is doubtful whether this kind of payment of the contract fees is a proper investment if there is no payment to be made for injured research subjects. There is a fundamental question whether any serious injury cases have happened in IITs in Japan or there are some undisclosed cases. A previous questionnaire survey on the actual status of compensation for injured subjects of sponsor company-initiated clinical trials(SITs)aiming at new drug applications(NDAs)in Japan 4) found that 247 cases of 250 claims of compensation (99%)were awarded(The reasons of not awarding the 3 cases were not surveyed) ; this incidence of compensation, 250 cases, was from 32,318 subjects(0.8%)in 183 protocols which were completed from April 2009 to March 2010. Among these 250 cases, 229(0.7%)cases involved medical cost payment(which means to cover 30% co-payment of patients) ; and 20 cases (0.06%)were monetary compensation paid for serious injury cases. In Japan there is no governmental compulsory insurance system for clinical trials and they provide compensation mostly according to the guideline by the Japan Pharmaceutical Industry 臨床薬理 Jpn J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 47(6): 219-228 219
Learning cognitive maps for vicarious evaluation

Cognitive maps enable us to learn the layout of environments, encode and retrieve episodic memories, and navigate vicariously for mental evaluation of options. A unifying model of cognitive maps will need to 5 explain how the maps can be learned scalably with sensory observations that are non-unique over multiple spatial locations (aliased), retrieved efﬁciently in the face of uncertainty, and form the fabric of efﬁcient hierarchical planning. We propose learning higher-order graphs – structured in a speciﬁc way that allows efﬁcient learning, hierarchy formation, and inference – as the general principle that connects these different desiderata. We show that these graphs can be learned efﬁciently from experienced sequences using a 10 cloned Hidden Markov Model (CHMM), and uncertainty-aware planning can be achieved using message-passing inference. Using diverse experimental settings, we show that CHMMs can be used to explain the emergence of context-speciﬁc representations, formation of transferable structural knowledge, transitive inference, shortcut ﬁnding in novel spaces, remapping of place cells, and hierarchical planning. Structured higher-order graph learning and probabilistic inference might provide a simple unifying framework for un-15 derstanding hippocampal function, and a pathway for relational abstractions in artiﬁcial intelligence.
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer and Quantitative MRI Methods: Applications for Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Injury

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an enormous disease burden in United States, affecting almost 30 million Americans, and is the leading cause of disability in the elderly. Knee and hip replacements cost over $40 billion annually, but may be avoided through early detection of at risk cartilage and early intervention. There are abundant MRI tools for non-invasive, quantitative imaging that reveal characteristics of cartilage structure and physiology such as collagen alignment, molecular content, and health of subchondral bone vasculature. However, no quantitative MRI technique has been added to clinical standard of care for cartilage imaging because of lack of specificity and technical difficulty. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is a promising technique to detect small metabolites such as glutamate, creatine and glucose, as well as large soluble molecules such as protein, proteoglycans, and glycogen. It has been demonstrated that CEST MRI can detect glycosaminoglycan (GAG), a proteoglycan crucial to the functioning of healthy articular cartilage, however only with high-field non-clinical scanners (> 3 Tesla). In osteoarthritis development, reduction in GAG content is a preliminary step before gross changes in cartilage thickness and joint space, and therefore clinical methods to detect GAG may have a tremendous impact on OA prevention. In this dissertation, we discuss multiple quantitative MRI techniques used to characterize articular cartilage, but then focus on CEST MRI. A miniature horse model of cartilage injury is used to evaluate several MRI techniques through serial imaging of
A psychological study of sense-descriptive adjectives for characterizing fragrance

The purpose of this study was to make a short list of sense-descriptive adjectives for outlining olfactory properties of fragrances by means of factor analysis. The extent to which emotional reactions to fragrances have an effect on evaluating the fragrances with these adjectives was also investigated. Three experiments, each of which 50 or more participants evaluating 10 or more fragrance samples, were conducted. In Experiment 1, participants rated fragrance samples with 30 sense-descriptive words. Factor analysis extracted three factors that were interpreted as intensity, clarity, and softness, respectively. In Experiment 2, participants evaluated fragrance samples with 48 mood-descriptive words. Three factors were extracted by factor analysis, which were named enhancing, relaxing, and stressing, respectively. In Experiment 3, it was confirmed that the same factors as those in Experiment 1 and 2 could be extracted in both group of adjectives by factor analysis. Moreover, a correlation analysis showed that each factor in the sense-descriptive adjectives was highly correlated with one or a two of the factors in the mood-descriptive adjectives, indicating that the adjectives, which explain sensory properties, have affective connotations themselves. Finally, 9 sense-descriptive words were chosen to describe the 11 fragrance samples in terms of factor scores. General consideration was given to the usefulness of the simpler device of developing a list for outlining fragrances.
A Heuristic Approach for Scheduling in Heterogeneous Distributed Embedded Systems

: This paper presents a heuristic approach for workflow scheduling in heterogeneous distributed embedded system (HDES). A genetic algorithm (GA) and ant colony optimization (ACO) modified with the greedy algorithm introduced to the system contains multiple heterogeneous embedded machines (HEMs) working as a cluster. Users can remotely access and utilize their computational power. The communications on different types of buses are taken into account to find an optimal solution. New meta-heuristic information based on forwarding dependency is proposed to build probability for ACO to generate task priorities. Besides, a greedy algorithm for machine allocation is incorporated to complete task scheduling. Experiments based on random task graphs running in the HEM cluster demonstrate the effectiveness of the modified greedy ant colony optimization algorithm which outperforms the others by 33% more result quality.
Research onFlows for NACA 2412 Airfoil using Computational Fluid Dynamics Method

The comparison between incompressible and compressible flow for aerodynamic coefficients and flow characteristics has been made for NACA 2412 airfoil. The FEM is used to obtain results. The fluid domain of 10C has been constructed to initialize the boundary conditions of incompressible and compressible flow conditions. The structured mesh has been applied in order to achieve accurate results. The Spallart-Allmaras turbulence model has been used to solve both incompressible and compressible flow conditions. The method validation that has been conducted at incompressible flow has shown close agreement between numerical and experimental lift coefficient. From velocity magnitude and static pressure, contours, the compressible flow has the highest-pressure distribution compared to incompressible flow. Therefore, it has been proven that the coefficient of force at ninety degrees to the direction of the flow direction of the airfoil subjected to a variable density flow was much higher compared to incompressible flow.
Exploring the function of laccases from Miscanthus sinensis in lignin biosynthesis

Miscanthus, a fast-growing C4-grass with high water use efficiency and low fertilizer demand is an attractive source of lignocellulosic biomass for bioeconomy. While the lignin component causes cell wall recalcitrance towards saccharification, it also offers a novel source for aromatic platform chemicals, thus performing as friend or foe depending on biomass use. Consequently, changing amount and/or quality of Miscanthus lignin are important breeding goals. Transcriptional regulation of monolignol biosynthesis genes in Miscanthus has been previously studied. However, monolignol polymerization is as of yet poorly understood. Laccases are phenol-oxidizing enzymes which can convert monolignols into free radicals, leading to the formation of lignin polymers. In plants, a number of laccases have been reported to be involved in lignin polymerization in secondary cell walls and middle lamellas, not only affecting lignin content, but also influencing the composition of lignin monomers. Here, we have explored the link between the lignification process and different laccase isoforms from Miscanthus. A comprehensive analysis has been performed including expression profiling, characterization of recombinant MsLAC1 protein, subcellular localization, activation of the MsLAC1-5 promoters by lignification-promoting R2R3 MYB transcription factors, effective complementation of an Arabidopsis laccase double mutant (lac4-2 lac17), and impact of ectopic expression. MsLAC1, 2 and 5 are co-expressed with the regulators of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in Miscanthus. Those laccases localize to cell walls and are regulated by the Miscanthus lignin-related transcription factors. We also established that recombinant MsLAC1 is able to oxidize monolignol in vitro, confirming the catalytic ability of laccases for lignin polymerization. The semi-dwarf phenotype and collapsed xylem phenotypes of the Arabidopsis lac4-2 lac17 knockout mutant were also complemented by MsLAC1 and MsLAC2. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing MsLAC1 showed higher G-lignin content, while expressing MsLAC5 in lac4-2 lac17 double mutant significantly increased the H-lignin content in stem. The results provide compelling evidence for the involvement of Miscanthus laccases in monolignol polymerization. Miscanthus laccases are regulated by secondary cell wall MYBs and MsLAC1 is probably involved in lignification of xylem fibers. The role of Miscanthus laccases in orchestrating the lignification process is discussed. Its ability to modify lignin content and composition identifies the Miscanthus laccase genes as promising breeding targets in Miscanthus for biofuel and biomaterial applications.
A wind turbine sensorless automatic control systems, analysis, modelling and development of IDA-PBC method

Several non-linear controls are developed for controlling a wind energy conversion system equipped with a DFIG double feed asynchronous generator. Exploitation of the aerodynamic power captured by the turbine gives a new instruction to the controller based on passivity by keeping the hypersynchronous regime of the DFIG. An adaptive observer MRAS was developed for the considered as a structure in which the rotor speed is estimated from the measurement of stator and rotor currents. Our goal is to maximize active power, minimize construction costs in order to control wind turbine systems using our passivity and observation method. Best results were obtained using sensorless MPPT and IDA-PBC methods.
Marital quality in the spouses of men with multiple sclerosis: A descriptive comparative study

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that not only affects the patient but also has a considerable impact on marital relationships and the quality of life of spouses. This study investigated marital quality in the spouses of men with MS. This descriptive comparative study included 82 men registered with the MS Association of Shiraz, Iran, and their spouses; and 82 healthy men and their spouses. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data on marital quality were collected using the Perceived Relationship Quality Components inventory. The validity and reliability of this inventory has been previously confirmed in Iran. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 21. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. The mean (± standard deviation) age of the men with MS was 35.9 ± 9.69 years and the mean duration of the relationship with their spouse was 14.24 ± 3.85 years. The total score for the Perceived Relationship Quality Components inventory and scores for the components satisfaction, passion, intimacy, and love were significantly lower in the spouses of men with MS compared with the spouses of healthy men (p < 0.001). For spouses of men with MS, the disease negatively impacts the marital relationship quality, particularly in terms of satisfaction, passion, intimacy, and love. Therefore, to improve the quality of life and marital relationships in MS patients and their spouses, it is important to include couple-based educational programs and marital therapy in rehabilitation programs for MS.
Construction Method of Electrical Vehicle Fast Charging Load Model

Electric vehicle (EV) has been increasing recent years, which brings more challenge to power grids, especially impacting on voltage stability. Building accurate EV model is important to evaluate voltage stability. Firstly, EV charging configuration is analyzed. Secondly, a static load model for EV is developed based on charging configuration. Finally, simulations analyze that Rs and Rl in the rectifier impact on voltage stability. The EV load model is developed and constant power, current and impedance (P, Z, I ) load model impacting on voltage stability are compared, and results reveal that loading margin with EV load model is more lower than other load models such as P, Z, I.
Evidence-based Child Maltreatment Prevention: An Examination of Risk and Novel Approaches

Despite considerable declines in physical and sexual abuse over recent decades, child maltreatment remains a public health priority. In 2014, 702,000 children were determined to be victims of maltreatment, 75% of whom experienced neglect (DHHS, 2016). An area in need of further scrutiny is the complex relationship of multiple risk factors and the association of those risk factors with subsequent child welfare involvement. The purpose of this three-manuscript dissertation was to examine evidence-based child maltreatment prevention through an empiric examination of risk and novel prevention efforts. The first paper, Getting the Most Juice for the Squeeze: Where SafeCare® and Other Evidence-based Programs Need to Evolve to Better Protect Children, discusses the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based prevention programs using SafeCare as an applied example. The paper concludes with recommendations for evidence-based practices to improve the outcomes of children and families. Among several recommendations, this paper suggests considering innovative implementation settings, collaboration between systems, and response to the underlying risk factors for maltreatment. The second paper, Drug Court as a Potential Point of Intervention to Impact the Wellbeing of Children and Families of Substance-Using Parents, responds to the recommendation of collaboration and innovation from the first paper. This descriptive study sought to describe the needs of families of adult drug court populations related to parenting and mental health services. Baseline data indicated a low potential for abuse and the need for mental health services among drug court participants and their children under 18-years old. The findings from this paper indicate a potential intervention and collaboration opportunity between the child welfare and criminal justice systems. The third paper, An Examination of Risk Profiles among Mothers Involved with Child Protective Services, responds to the need to better understand underlying risk factors among child welfare involved families as discussed in the first paper. A latent class analysis was conducted to explore the heterogeneity among women reported to child protective services. In what is typically a homogenously treated and characterized sample, this analysis indicated three classes of risk and examined the classes’ association with subsequent referral to child protective services. The findings of this research support the recommendation of the importance of better understanding underlying risk factors to better align services with needs of children and families. CM PREVENTION: EXAMINING RISK AND NOVEL APPROACHES
Eye-Mind reader: an intelligent reading interface that promotes long-term comprehension by detecting and responding to mind wandering

ABSTRACT We zone out roughly 20-40% of the time during reading – a rate that is concerning given the negative relationship between mind-wandering and comprehension. We tested if Eye-Mind Reader – an intelligent interface that targeted mind-wandering as it occurred – could mitigate its negative impact on reading comprehension. When an eye-gaze-based classifier indicated that a reader was mind-wandering, those in a MW-Intervention condition were asked to self-explain the concept they were reading about. If the self-explanation quality was deemed subpar by an automated scoring mechanism, readers were asked to re-read parts of the text in order to correct their comprehension deficits and improve their self-explanation. Each participant in the MW-Intervention condition was paired with a Yoked-Control counterpart who received the exact same interventions regardless of whether they were mind-wandering. Results indicate that re-reading improved self-explanation quality for the MW-Intervention group, but not the control group. The two conditions performed equally well on textbase (i.e. fact-based) and inference-level comprehension questions immediately after reading. However, after a week-long delay, the MW-Intervention condition significantly outperformed the yoked-control condition on both comprehension assessments (ds = .352 and .307). Our findings suggest that real-time interventions during critical periods of mind-wandering can promote long-term retention and comprehension.