Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-ESTEEM AND SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS TOWARDS THE DEBT BEHAVIOUR

Debt culture is considered synonym amongst the low income household group. There are researches that indicate that loans amongst the low income household group, is not only with the purpose of fulfilling basic needs, but also for higher needs. If we explored from the hierarchy needs that introduced by Maslow (1954), there are five levels of needs required to be fulfilled, including social needs and self-esteem. According to the Maslow theory, individuals who can fulfill all of their needs is considered a healthy person, whereas those who are unable to fulfill their needs is at risk of being unhealthy or maybe sick in the human dimension. Therefore,humans in their effort to fulfil needs and desire would always find the best solution, even if they have to be in debt. Due to the passing of time, being in debt to fulfill a higher need is considered to be fair. Therefore, this research is conducted to observe the influence of social relationships and self-esteem towards the purchase of non-essential needs and the intention to add more debt among low-income groups in the plantation sector in Sabah. The word tahsiniyyat used in this study refer to non-basic expenses which is a requirement of the form of comfort and beauty. By using a questionnaire, we get 378 responses from low-income household individuals. The data analysis was carried out through Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLSSEM) techniques by using the SmartPLS 2.0 M3 software. The results were statistically demonstrated their positive significant relationships between social relationships and selfesteem towards debt spending of tahsiniyyat needs and debt intention. This research is very beneficial in predicting debt behaviour among low-income group and useful to the monetary policy maker in order to implement the policy and assist this group. A few policy implications as well as suggestions were also discussed in this research.
Stochastic Gradient Estimation for Artificial Neural Networks

In this paper, we consider artificial neural networks (ANN) with processing noise. We derive an infinitesimal perturbation analysis (IPA) and likelihood ratio (LR) gradient estimator for this type of ANN. We show that the IPA estimator, though mathematically equivalent to the backpropagation algorithm, has higher computational complexity than the backpropagation algorithm. To overcome the obstacle posed to IPA and standard stochastic gradient methods by discontinuous activation and loss functions, we introduce in this paper a push-out LR estimator. The push-out LR gradient estimator is computationally more efficient than the backpropagation algorithm, and it avoids differentiating the actual ANN. This allows for discontinuous activation and loss functions to be handled by our LR estimator. We implement the developed stochastic gradient estimation techniques in an example on identifying images of numbers from 0 to 9. The numerical results substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
The Difference of Fear of Failure on Undergraduate Students of Engineering Faculty based on Gender

: The number of women and men studying at Engineering Faculty as well as the rate of women and men’s involvement in engineering-related profession is different. The differences cause fear of failure on men and women. This study aimed to find out the difference of fear of failure on Students of Engineering Faculty based on gender in Universities in Aceh. Sampling Technique was purposive with 70 students of Engineering Faculty as the samples consisting of 35 men and 35 women. Data collecting technique was using Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI) scale by Conroy (2002) with reliability coefficient score of (α) =0.920. Hypothesis testing used independent sample t-test with significance score of 0,174 (p>0.05). Based on the result, it can be concluded that there is no different fear of failure based on sex on Students of Engineering Faculty in Universities in Aceh. Additional analysis shows that there is different fear of failure in term of Academic Level with significance score of 0,029 (p<0.05), in contrary, no different fear of failure in term of age and major with significance score of 0,279 (p>0.05) and 0.943 (p>0.05) respectively.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF POSIDONIA OCEANICA EXPOSED TO A HYPERSALINE ENVIRONMENT

The endemic seagrass Posidonia oceanica, widely distributed along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, is a seagrass species which form dense meadows between the surface and depths of 30–40 m, constituting the climax stage of infralittoral zones.P. oceanica is generally considered a highly sensitive species to salinity increments; however, in a particular case, natural populations can grow under salinity levels above its normal threshold of tolerance.
The Analysis of Gratitude on Retired Civil Servants

Every worker, at a certain time will reach the retirement stage, and this period will be responded to differently by each individual, some people deal with it negatively, while others deal with it positively. Gratitude encourages positive emotions associated with the situations experienced by the individual during retirement. This research aimed to identify the difference of gratitude on retired civil servants based on gender. The technique used for sampling was the snowball sampling method with 252 retired civil servants consisting of 126 men and 126 women, all of them were fulfilled with certain criteria. Data was collected using an adapted version of The Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6) scale, created by McCullough, Emmons, and Tsang (2002) with a research reliability coefficient of (α) = 0,758. The hypothesis which was tested by using an independent sample t-test showed the significance of 0,001(p<0,05) and t -3,250. The result indicated that there is a difference in gratitude between retired civil servant men and women. Therefore, it is interpreted that men retired civil servant has lower gratitude than women retired civil servant.
Abundance and distribution of kob (Kobus kob kob, Erxeleben, 1777) in Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria

Study on the distribution and abundance of kob (Kobus kob) in Borgu Sector Kainji Lake National Park was carried out. The studies was undertaken to derive information on the abundance of kob in Kainji Lake National Park and also determine the distribution of kob, in the area. The methodology employed in the study includes the use of direct method of census. Line transects was established using a stratified random sampling procedure. The data collected were analyzed using the formula Total Population Ý = R·Z and the program DISTANCE. The result gathered revealed that each of these habitats contains ample number of kob throughout the year. The total estimated population of kobs censured in all the unit area = 9432 kobs /3970.02 km, while the mean estimated population density is 0.09 ± 0.05 per km, and the mean estimated population was 392 ± 210.11. There is therefore a 95% certainty that the true population size lies between 109.78 and 107.15 confidence limit. There is a high significant different at (P < 0.05) between the habitat types on kob abundance between the various habitat types in KLNP. The distribution of the kobs indicates that they are clumped in distribution, having an average cluster size of 14.617 in wet season and 18.067 in the dry season,. In a nut shell if the kobs herd is maintained in the reserve. Eco-tourism based on kobs watching to yield economic benefit to Kainji Lake National Park, Niger state and the Nation at large will be achieved. Therefore there should be extended mentoring programme to all the sectors of the park. This will go a long way to check illegal activities such as over grazing, poaching and tree logging that is affecting kobs population in Kainji Lake National Park.
What lies behind the gender wage gap in Serbia?

Large gender inequalities have persisted in the Serbian labour market. One of the key indicators of labour market inequality is the gender pay gap. This paper examines the gender pay gap in Serbia based on data from the Survey of Income and Living Conditions. Our findings show that on average women earn far less than men, a gap that has increased slightly over time. The paper offers an in-depth analysis of this gender pay gap in Serbia by decomposing the gender pay gap into an explained part related to difference in characteristics and an unexplained part related to differences in returns attributable to these characteristics. In addition, it provides an estimate of selection effects on the gender pay gap using an innovative methodology that corrects for sample selection bias.
Friction Sensitivity of Nitramines. Part I: Comparison with Impact Sensitivity and Heat of Fusion

Fractions of β-HMX(β-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane) have been used to demonstrate the mutual relationship between friction and impact sensitivities.Inclusion of an additional twelve nitramines into this scenario resulted in a series of partial relationships,which were determined from the molecular structure of these substances.It was also found that there is a relation between increasing heats of fusion of the nitramines studied and their decreasing friction sensitivities.Comparison of friction sensitivity with heats of fusion,ΔHm,tr of the studied nitramines shows that the increase in ΔHm,tr values is more or less connected with a decrease in friction sensitivity.
Eighth International Workshop on Desorption Induced by Electronic Transitions

Abstract : The primary purpose of the DIET-8 workshop was to assemble the world's authorities in electronically- induced surface processes (mainly, but not restricted to, desorption). The field of electronic excitations on surfaces and the subsequent atomic and molecular changes induced by these excitations has been expanding greatly, especially in the areas of atomically-resolved DIET processes, femtosecond dynamics, and photo-chemistry. Applications are myriad, including semiconductor processing, beam damage in quantitative surface analysis, photocatalysis, and surface chemistry in interplanetary space. This workshop thus served as a very important forum to discuss, analyze, and assess recent progress in both the theoretical understanding of these complicated phenomena and the latest experimental results. The workshop was attended by 70 attendees from 11 countries; 42 oral presentations and 19 posters were presented. This Proceedings volume contains 39 papers selected from the presentations at the workshop, following regular refereeing procedures of Surface Science.
Implementación de la inclusión educativa en la Carrera Educación Inicial de la Universidad Metropolitana del Ecuador

La inclusion educativa es una politica que constituye hoy un imperativo social a nivel mundial, regional, y de Ecuador en particular. Lo avanzado en el marco teorico y legal sobre el tema aun dista de la realidad existente en la sociedad, y en concreto con la practica pedagogica a nivel de nacion. Se muestran dificultades en la preparacion de los docentes para transformar los contextos educativos que permitan la atencion del estudiantado en correspondencia con sus necesidades. La inclusion educativa transversaliza la formacion profesional del estudiantado en las universidades. En la carrera de Educacion Inicial de la Universidad Metropolitana del Ecuador (UMET), esto se muestra tanto en los procesos sustantivos de la formacion inicial, como en la concepcion del postgrado. Un analisis de las principales acciones desarrolladas para preparar a los profesionales futu-ros y en ejercicio, se exponen en este articulo
Exploratory Study of a Smart System Framework for Educational Process with Gamification: Case Study - Schools in Indonesia

: Education in Indonesia is one of the sectors that is always considered by the government. The right to education is legally guaranteed for all children without any discrimination. Therefore, various methods have been carried out by each stakeholder, including trying to adapt multiple technologies in the learning process. Most of the information technology that enters developing countries, notably Indonesia, is still dominated by multi-media applications on mobile devices. Which not support all the development aspects of children’s potential in the learning process. Some things have not been considered, such as lack of attention related to children’s development of motor skill factors and social engagement. Through smart system technology that utilizes hardware as a part of the system as a whole, the system will include those factors that are not noticed in the learning technology that has been adopted today. This research has succeeded in producing a framework for the need to create a smart system in the learning process for Indonesian schools. Through exploratory studies, scientiﬁc studies have been carried out based on theory and direct observation of the multi-ethnic learning environment in Indonesia, so the proposed framework will undoubtedly be able to be a guideline for building a smart system.
A FACE RECOGNITION APPROACH FOR SECURITY APPLICATIONS USING INTERNET OF THINGS

Lately, the security comprises the most vital segment for people. Right now, expense was most noteworthy reason. Anormous framework was valuable in terms of lessening expense for observing development of outer area. Here, a realtime acknowledgment framework is suggested that will prepare for dealing with pictures in all respects rapidly. The principle target of our proposed mechanism is to ensure home, office with help of perceiving individuals. For such reason, the PIR sensor is utilized for identify development on particular territory. A short time later, the Raspberry Pi will catch the pictures. At that point, the face will be identified and perceived in the caught picture. At long last, the pictures and warnings that are transferred to a cell phone dependent IoT in utilizing Telegram application. Our proposed work framework was constant, quick as well as having less device performing capacity. The test analysis demonstrates that the proposed methodology was acknowledgment framework which can utilize on ongoing framework.
Combination of Fuzzy C-Means, Xie-Beni Index, and Backpropagation Neural Network for Better Forecasting Result

Accuracy is one of the performance parameters of a method. This research proposes a combination of Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) method with the Backpropagation (BP) method to improve forecasting performance in terms of accuracy. BP algorithm is a supervised learning algorithm which is have good performance for pattern recognition. In some researches, FCM is more efficient and clustering results are better than other methods. However, FCM has a disadvantage that clustering results are affected by clustering configurations, such as the number of clusters. Therefore it is necessary to do cluster validation. One of popular cluster validation method is Xie-Beni (XB) index. In this paper, we propose a forecasting system by combining the validated FCM algorithm using the XB index method with the BP algorithm. The data are grouped using FCM with number of clusters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Then, the clustering results validated using XB and find the most suited number of clusters for the data. Each cluster becomes the input of the BP neural network for forecasting process. This research uses sales data of 49 types of products for 25 months.
Importance Performance Analysis of Online Motorcycle Taxi Services: Indonesian Passenger Perspective

: Online motorcycle taxis have received permission from the Indonesian government to serve the community. As a regulator, the government has an obligation to maintain that community needs are being met in every mode of public transportation. Therefore, online motorcycle taxi operations to be assessed for performance in order to maintain public services. This study aims to determine the characteristics of passengers as well as their importance and performance on online motorcycle taxis. Data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to, and conducting interviews with 200 random online motorcycle taxi passengers in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. The Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method was used to evaluate the online motorcycle taxis. According to IPA, most of the online motorcycle taxi services were perceived to be good by the passengers. A positive assessment of the online motorcycle taxi indicates that online transportation is very popular and fulﬁls a community need.
Sensitivity of U.S. Drought Prediction Skill to Land Initial States

In addition to remote SST forcing, realistic representation of land forcing (i.e., soil moisture) over the United States is critical for a prediction of U.S. severe drought events approximately one season in advance. Using “identical twin” experiments with different land initial conditions (ICs) in the 32-yr (1979–2010) CFSv2 reforecasts (NASA GLDAS-2 reanalysis versus NCEP CFSR), sensitivity and skill of U.S. drought predictions to land ICs are evaluated. Although there is no outstanding performer between the two sets of forecasts with different land ICs, each set shows greater skill in some regions, but their locations vary with forecast lead time and season. The 1999 case study demonstrates that although a pattern of below-normal SSTs in the Pacific in the fall and winter is realistically reproduced in both reforecasts, GLDAS-2 land initial states display a stronger east–west gradient of soil moisture, particularly drier in the eastern United States and more consistent with observations, leading to warmer surface temperature anomalies over the United States. Anomalies lasting for one season are accompanied by more persistent barotropic (warm core) anomalous high pressure over CONUS, which results in better prediction skill of this drought case up to 4 months in advance in the reforecasts with GLDAS-2 land ICs. Therefore, it is essential to minimize the uncertainty of land initial states among the current land analyses for improving U.S. drought prediction on seasonal time scales.
An introduction to organosulfur chemistry

Structure and Bonding in Sulfur and Organosulfur Compounds. Synthesis of Organosulfur Compounds. Structure-Chemical Relationships in Organosulfur Compounds. Thiols, Sulfides and Sulfenic Acids. Sulfoxides and Sulfones. Sulfonium and Oxosulfonium Salts, Sulfur Ylides and Sulfenyl Carbanions. Sulfinic Acids, Sulfonic Acids and Derivatives Sulfenes. Thiocarbonyl Compounds. Miscellaneous Organosulfur Compounds. The Utility of Organosulfur Compounds in Organic Synthesis. Uses of Organosulfur Compounds. Index.
Synthesis Succinic Galactomannan from Galactomannan Arenga pinnata Merr. and Succinic Anhydride using Microwave Method

: The synthesis succinic galactomannan has been conducted through esterification reaction of galactomannan Arenga pinnata and succinic anhydride using sodium bicarbonate as catalyst under the radiation of microwave. The experiment divided by two steps which first step was the extraction of galactomannan from Arenga pinnata rendering yield of 4.20% and have confirmed by spectroscopy Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The second step was esterification with succinic anhydride using NaHCO3 as catalyst under the radiation of microwave for 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 min. Spectroscopy FT-IR showed the stretching vibration of the carbonyl group (C=O) of the ester at a wavelength of 1735 cm-1 which established the formation of succinic galactomannan. The substitution degree of succinic galactomannan determined by titration method obtained the maximum value at 1.527 for 9 min radiation time. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that succinic galactomannan has rough surface morphology than galactomannan Arenga pinnata .
The Effect of Teacher Characteristics on Student Achievement: A Meta-Analysis Study / Utjecaj učiteljskih osobina na učenička postignuća: Meta-analitička studija

AbstractHypothesizing that teacher characteristics may have an impact on learning outcomes, the current study tested this assumption, presenting statistical evidence of the findings. In this meta-analysis study, teacher characteristics were determined in the light of the existing literature, followed by an analysis of the relationships between teacher characteristics and student achievement. The analysis protocol of the literature review encompassed a total of 1,042 correlational values drawn from 209 independent research articles or theses/dissertations, which included 3,225,488 study subjects. The results of the application of a random effect model showed that teacher characteristics had a low-level positive effect on student achievement. The positive effect is discussed in terms of teacher competences and qualifications. In the context of the components of teacher characteristics, the effects of all dimensions in the framework were found to be significant. More specifically, student achievement was found to be influenced at the greatest level by teachers’ personal qualities, while it was least impacted by instructional management. Some suggestions are recommended for future studies in light of the conclusions.Keywords meta-analysis; student achievement; teacher characteristics --- SažetakPretpostavljajući da učiteljske osobine imaju utjecaj na rezultate učenja, studija je testirala uvjerenje, i predstavila statističke dokaze i pronalaske. U ovoj meta-analitičkoj studiji učiteljske osobine su određene na temelju postojeće literature koju slijedi analiza odnosa učiteljskih osobina i učeničkih postignuća. Analitički protokol pregleda literature pokriva u cijelosti 1,042 međuovisne vrijednosti izvučene iz 209 neovisnih istraživačkih članaka ili teza/disertacija, koje uključuju 3,225,488 subjekata istraživanja. Rezultati primjene modela slučajnog učinka pokazuju da osobine učitelja imaju nizak pozitivan utjecaj na učenička postignuća. Pozitivni utjecaji su razmatrani u okviru učiteljskih vještina i kvalifikacija. U kontekstu sadržajnih elemenata učiteljskih vještina posljedice svih dimenzija unutar okvira su se pokazale značajnima. Preciznije, pokazalo se da na učenička postignuća ponajviše utječu učiteljske osobne kvalitete, dok je najmanji učinak ostavljao proces upravljanja učenjem. U svjetlu ovih zaključaka dane su određene sugestije i preporuke za buduće studije. Ključne riječi meta-analiza, učeničko postignuće, učiteljske osobine
Systematic analysis of leucine-rich repeat disease resistance genes in maize.

Leucine-rich repeat disease resistance (LRRDR) genes are important for defending plants from a range of pathogens. However, little information has been reported on the systematic analysis of LRRDR genes in maize. In this study, 235 LRRDR genes were identified in the complete genome sequence of maize (Zea mays cv. B73), classified as six different structural types, and then characterized based on conserved protein motifs, chromo- somal locations and gene duplications. Subsequent phylogenetic comparisons indicated that ~20 pairs of maize LRRDR proteins possessed high similarities to LRRDR proteins with known functions. Analyses of the physical locations and duplications of LRRDR genes indicated that gene duplication events involving LRRDR genes were high in maize and 84% occurred between chromosomes, which may ensure the functional performance and en- hancement of maize LRRDR genes. Meanwhile, the functions and expression patterns of the LRRDR genes were associated with their conserved protein secondary structures, suggesting that different conserved domains might distinguish their biological functions. Transcripts of 13 genes were regulated by two or more fungal pathogens, respectively, indicating that one LRRDR gene might mediate resistance to multiple fungal pathogens, suggest- ing that the signal networks of the maize-fungal pathogen interactions were partially crossed. Additionally, we screened five candidate LRRDR genes for ear rot resistance. The results reported in this study contribute to an improved understanding of the LRRDR gene family in maize.