Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polymerase Chain Reaction–Electrospray–Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Versus Culture for Bacterial Detection in Septic Arthritis and Osteoarthritis

Background: Preliminary studies have identified known bacterial pathogens in the knees of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) before arthroplasty. Aims: The current study was designed to determine the incidence and types of bacteria present in the synovial fluid of native knee joints from adult patients with diagnoses of septic arthritis and OA. Patients and Methods: Patients were enrolled between October 2010 and January 2013. Synovial fluid samples from the affected knee were collected and evaluated with both traditional microbial culture and polymerase chain reaction–electrospray ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (molecular diagnostics [MDx]) to prospectively characterize the microbial content. Patients were grouped by diagnosis into one of two cohorts, those with clinical suspicion of septic arthritis (n = 44) and those undergoing primary arthroplasty of the knee for OA (n = 21). In all cases where discrepant culture and MDx results were obtained, we performed species-specific 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as a confirmatory test. Results: MDx testing identified bacteria in 50% of the suspected septic arthritis cases and 29% of the arthroplasty cases, whereas culture detected bacteria in only 16% of the former and 0% of the latter group. The overall difference in detection rates for culture and MDx was very highly significant, p-value = 2.384 × 10−7. All of the culture-positive cases were typed as Staphylococcus aureus. Two of the septic arthritis cases were polymicrobial as was one of the OA cases by MDx. FISH testing of the specimens with discordant results supported the MDx findings in 91% (19/21) of the cases, including one case where culture detected S. aureus and MDx detected Streptococcus agalactiae. Conclusions: MDx were more sensitive than culture, as confirmed by FISH. FISH only identifies bacteria that are embedded or infiltrated within the tissue and is thus not susceptible to contamination. Not all suspected cases of septic arthritis contain bacteria, but a significant percent of patients with OA, and no signs of infection, have FISH-confirmed bacterial biofilms present in the knee.
Social mobile devices as tools for qualitative research in education: iPhones and iPads in ethnography, interviewing, and design-based research

This paper’s focus is on the development of research methodologies to investigate learning in higher education. These methodologies have made use of Social Mobile Devices (SMD) for data collection, a relativity new concept in qualitative research. The paper provides examples of practice linked with discussions from the Learning Without Frontiers Conference 2011 (LWF 2011) around the constraints, affordances, and ethical issues inherent in the use of SMDs for research. While the researchers used Apple iPhones and Apple iPads, this should not limit the applicability of the paper to other devices. It is hoped that this paper will aid the development of these tools for research purposes in the future through wider discussion, use, and dissemination. Technological development of SMDs continues unabated, hence developing methodologies around their use is an important task that will enable researchers to take advantage of the future applications they provide, whilst being aware of their impact upon the research process.
Rainfall Prediction by Using Wavelet General Regression Neural Network

In recent many years, several models have been developed to analyze and predict the rainfall. In this paper an attempt has been made to get an alternative model for rainfall prediction by combining two methods, the wavelet technique and Neural Network model. Wavelet transformation has become popular because of its ability to concurrently deal with both the spectral and the interim information contained within time series data. The wavelet decomposition used in this paper is Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT). In Neural Network layer, General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) is chosen to develop the hybrid model. The combination of MODWT and GRNN is called Wavelet General Regression Neural Network (WGRNN). The model developed is applied to the ten-daily rainfall data in two regions of Central Java, Indonesia.
Update on Anterior Segment Development with Emphasis on Genetics and Correlation with Pathogenesis of Developmental & Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

The ocular anterior segment structures are derived from periocular mesenchyme, which consists of neural crest cells and cranial paraxial mesoderm. Many embryological facts have been developed based on the fates of neural crest and mesoderm in mice and in chick. The interactions between the ocular mesenchyme and the surface ectoderm derived cells are also essential for the coordination of anterior segment development. These interactions are mediated by several transcription factors expressed in both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells and are being extensively studied. Anterior Segment dysgenesis (ASD) is a spectrum of disorders of variable phenotypic expressions caused by abnormal migration and differentiation of neural crest cells. Patients with ASD are susceptible to develop infantile glaucoma, congenital endothelial dystrophy, sclerocornea and aniridia. There has been an evident overlapping observation in the genetic mutations between the ASD phenotypic spectrum and glaucoma especially the primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) since it involves abnormal development of Schlemm’s canal and the drainage structures. In this review, we are highlighting the steps in the embryological development of the anterior segment chamber structures. We also present the role of various transcription factors and link the above information to some of the genetic abnormalities, which are known in association with the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
The TIP project: supporting advanced communications on high-speed networks

The current generation of transport systems best represented by the de facto standard TCP/IP has been designed for file transfer, virtual terminal and remote job entry applications. The protocols have been intended for networks with low bandwidth and high error rate compared to today's networks. Now, due to the emergence of sophisticated distributed systems and high-speed networks, some insufficiencies have become apparent concerning the currently provided service capability and service performance of traditional transport systems. This paper presents a new transport system called TIP (Transport and Internetworking Package) which provides improved service capabilities and performance by introducing a new lightweight protocol family and, with regard to this, a well-adjusted protocol processing environment. Additionally, TIP is downwardly compatible to TCP/IP systems, so that applications may communicate independently of their selected transport system: TCP/IP or TIP. <<ETX>>
Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Response to Handgrip Exercise among Apparently Healthy Young Adult Nigerians

Background: Sustained handgrip is one of the standardized non-invasive test involved in assessment of cardiac autonomic functions. Objective: This study aimed at determining the sex differences in cardiovascular response to sustained handgrip among apparently healthy young adult Nigerians. Materials and Method: 148 (74 females and 74 males, age and sex matched) apparently healthy young adults aged between 18-40years participated in this study. The Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) and Pulse Rate (PR) of the subjects were recorded before and during sustained handgrip exercise in sitting position with sphygmomanometer cuff attached to the dominant arm. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the subject was determined from the non-dominant arm by the use of a handgrip dynamometer. The handgrip was maintained at 30% of the maximum voluntary contraction for as long as possible (up to maximum period of 5 minutes). Blood pressure was monitored every minute until the maximum values were obtained. Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), Pulse Pressure (PP) and Rate Pressure Product (RPP) were calculated from SBP, DBP and PR. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The student t-test was used to determine the difference between two groups and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The males had a higher resting SBP, DBP, MAP, PP and RPP than females with significant sex difference in PP (t=3.719, p-value < 0.001) and SBP (t=3.382, p-value=0.001). Significant sex differences were observed in maximum values of SBP (t=8.982, p-value < 0.001), DBP (t=2.512, p-value=0.013), MAP (t=3.155, p-value = 0.002), RPP (t=1.984, p-value=0.049) and PP (t=2.283, p-value=0.024) during sustained handgrip exercise. The resting heart rate at rest and during sustained handgrip exercise were higher in females. Significant sex differences were also observed in change in cardiovascular responses to sustained handgrip with regards to SBP (t= 2.225, p-value = 0.028), DBP (t= 2.414, p-value = 0.017) and MAP (t=2.400, p=0.018). Conclusion: This study showed that sex significantly influenced haemodynamic responses to sustained handgrip exercise.
Asociación de la percepción materna del peso del hijo y estilos maternos de alimentación infantil

Introduccion: las madres no reconocen cuando su hijo presenta sobrepeso-obesidad (SP-OB) y existe evidencia de relacion entre esta percepcion (PMPH) no adecuada y el estilo materno de alimentacion infantil (EMAI). Objetivos: a) evaluar la confiabilidad del Cuestionario Estilos de Alimentacion del Cuidador (CFSQ); b) verificar la asociacion entre la PMPH y el estado nutricio del hijo; c) describir el EMAI; d) verificar diferencias entre el EMAI y el IMC del hijo; e) verificar la asociacion entre la PMPH y los EMAI. Metodos: participaron 566 diadas (madre/hijo preescolar). Las madres seleccionaron la imagen que representaba el peso del hijo (PMPH) y contestaron el CFSQ. Se calculo coeficiente alpha de Cronbach. Se aplico V de Cramer, ANOVA y Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: la consistencia interna del CFSQ fue 0,88. El 8,4% (n = 12) de madres de hijos con SP-OB tuvieron PMPH adecuada (V = 0,26, p = 0,001). El EMAI mas frecuente fue el autoritario (34,5%, n = 195), el EMAI no involucrado presento IMC mas alto del hijo (F = 3,91, p < 0,05). Cuando las madres perciben el SP-OB de sus hijos ejercen un EMAI no involucrado (χ2 = 15,384, gl = 6, p < 0,05). Conclusiones: las madres de hijos con SP-OB tienen una PMPH no adecuada y presentan con mayor frecuencia EMAI autoritario. Cuando perciben a sus hijos como con SP-OB tienen EMAI no involucrado. Se recomiendan intervenciones para reconocer el SP-OB del hijo y la ensenanza de estrategias que promuevan un EMAI con autoridad.
The relationship between CC and SLOC : a preliminary analysis on its evolution

Is it useful to measure both Cyclomatic Complexity (CC) and Source Lines of Code (SLOC)? In previous work [1] we have analyzed the reported linear relationship between CC and SLOC. In our large corpus of Java projects, we could not find such a linear relationship. Raising questions for future work. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) could cause the lack of a linear relationship between CC and SLOC. In an OO language, dynamic dispatch and polymorphism are used as an alternative to control flow statements. However, related work [2], [3] reported linear relationships for both C++ and Java. As identified in our earlier work, there is an open question of the evolution of this relationship. Therefore we explorer a possible evolutionary argument: are the Java programs of today using more OOP? And does this cause the decreased power of SLOC to predict CC?
Managing complexity in large-scale networks via flow and network aggregation

Two well-known approaches to reducing complexity in large-scale communication networks are flow and network aggregation. Flow aggregation bundles together a group of individual flows and jointly manages and switches them inside a network or subnetwork. Network aggregation hierarchically groups network elements into subnetworks and approximately represents each subnetwork's state in a compact form which reduces the overheads of information exchange in traffic management algorithms. In the flow aggregation area, we first explore the benefits of aggregating multicast demands on Virtual Path (VP) trees. We show that this can effectively reduce capacity requirements, balance network loads, and reduce the number of VP trees required. Real networks have time-varying demands and finite signaling resources, so we develop adaptive resource allocation algorithms for aggregated flows subject to such constraints. In some cases it is desirable to modify the manner in which flows are aggregated (the VP layout), so we investigate algorithms to migrate from one layout to another. For incremental changes, the potential for performance losses during migration in terms of call blocking is minimal. However, when dramatic changes in the VP layout are warranted, it is desirable to enhance performance by implementing a simple decentralized algorithm that we have proposed. In the network aggregation area, we develop an implicit representation of the congestion level of a subnetwork which is based on a distributed computation of the average implied cost to go through or into the subnetwork. We prove that both a synchronous and asynchronous computation of the implied costs will converge to a unique solution under a light load condition, and an alternative, more aggressive approximation based on additional local averaging will converge under any traffic conditions subject to sufficient damping. Our experiments show that our costs are indeed quite accurate. Based on this representation for congestion, we propose a Quality of Service-sensitive routing algorithm that is able to appropriately route high-level flows while significantly reducing complexity. The algorithm uses effective bandwidths to capture traffic behavior, and it adaptively selects hierarchical routes so as to maximize network revenue, while allowing low-level dynamic routing within subnetworks to respond to traffic fluctuations.
Comparison of channel frequency and impulse response estimation for space-time coded OFDM systems

Accurate channel state information (CSI) is required at the receiver in a space-time coded OFDM system. In this paper, two channel estimation methods based on least squares (LS) criteria for space-time coded OFDM systems are studied and compared in detail. The channel frequency response estimator uses training sequences that rely on real orthogonal designs for acquisition, while the channel impulse response estimator exploits space-time coded sequence for both acquisition and tracking modes. Computer simulations show that both estimators work well in a Rayleigh flat-fading channel. The performance of the estimators is similar in the acquisition mode if the correlation between the subcarriers is taken into account similarly in both cases.
Contraction of the composite skin graft and autograft

Wound contraction as a result of a delay in grafting or second intention healing in an area that there was no graft take is a serious problem because of the sequela to the burned patient. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the contraction of the cultured keratinocytes and human acellular dermis composite graft by tracing the graft with transparent film after transplantation to the back of athymic mice. The evaluation of the contraction of the composite skin grafts and autografts in relation to the original wound area on the back of the athymic mice demonstrated greater contraction of the grafts after the dressings were removed on the seventh day. The composite skin graft contraction was significantly bigger than the autograft contraction. The experimental data suggested that the contraction appeared after dressing removal, but that the macroscopic aspect of the composite skin graft remained normal with no distortion of the graft or the surrounded murine skin.
Constant Supervision of Location Based Spatial Queries in Wireless Broadcast MediumUsing Peer-To-Peer Sharing

Location based spatial queries (LBSQ’s) are the queries that are totally dependent on the location of the probers. Wireless data broadcast is an assuring approach for information airing that influences the computational capacities of the Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) that tend to elevate the scalability of the system. In this paper we present a contemporary query processing like spatial query procedure that while retaining high scalability and a high definiteness manages to lessen the latency regularly. Our mode is based on peer-to-peer sharing which empower us to deal with queries without delay at a PDA prober by using query outcomes cached in its adjoining mobile peers.
A systematic overview of cancer immunotherapy: an emerging therapy

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: ADCC: Antibody Dependent Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity; CDC: Complement Dependent Cytotoxicity; CTL: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte; DC: Dendritic Cell; GM-CSF: GranulocyteMacrophage Colony Stimulating Factor; HPV: Human Papilloma Virus; HBV: Hepatitis B Virus; IL-2: Interleukin 2; IL-12: Interleukin 12; IFN: Interferon; MHC: Major Histocompatibility Complex; MAB: Monoclonal Antibody; NK: Natural Killer Cell; TCR: T Cell Receptor; TSA: Tumor Specific Antigen; TSA: Tumor Associated Antigen; VLP: Virus Like Particle
A Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Method Based on Item Category

Traditional collaborative filtering algorithms are facing severe challenges of sparse user rating and real-time recommendation. To solve the problems, the category structure of merchandise is analyzed deeply and a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm based on item category is proposed. A smooth filling technique is used for rating matrix with user preferences and all users rating on the item to solve the sparse problem. A user has different interests on different category. For every item, the nearest neighbors are searched within the category of the item. Not only is the search space of the users’ neighbors reduced greatly, but also search speed and accuracy are promoted. The experimental results show that the method can efficiently improve the recommendation scalability and accuracy of the recommender system.
Measuring Moral Rhetoric in Text

In this paper we present a computational text analysis technique for measuring the moral loading of concepts as they are used in a corpus. This method is especially useful for the study of online corpora as it allows for the rapid analysis of moral rhetoric in texts such as blogs and tweets as events unfold. We use latent semantic analysis to compute the semantic similarity between concepts and moral keywords taken from the “Moral foundation Dictionary”. This measure of semantic similarity represents the loading of these concepts on the five moral dimensions identified by moral foundation theory. We demonstrate the efficacy of this method using three different concepts and corpora.
A Computational Forensic Methodology for Malicious Application Detection on Android OS

E-discovery includes any process of searching, storing and securing digital information. Digital forensics is one of the least explored branches of e-discovery that examines how the extraction of digital evidence can aid in crime investigations and identification of potential suspects. Due to the growing popularity of smartphones, the field of mobile forensics that is a part of digital forensics gains more and more importance. However, many existing mobile forensic techniques cannot be (yet) fully applied to the Android OS, as its file system and architecture differ from already existing mobile platforms in many aspects. Moreover, Android provides access to a wide range of libraries and sophisticated functions, that make the operating system very attractive to malicious software creators and increases the probability of its use in various illegal activities. This study presents a semi-automated mobile forensics methodology aimed at supporting a forensics examiner in detection of suspicious applications such as the ones that are generally considered as malware, i.e. those that might exploit sensible data stored on the mobile devices in a vulnerable way. The technique is based on the features of Android’s security model, namely the set of standard permissions exposed by each application. The methodology relies on a set of more than 13000 safe applications, hosted on the Android Market and collected with AppAware, a specific tool for Android OS. The proposed system includes a web-based application for forensic professionals that allows to perform the detection of malicious applications on the chosen source and to manage the results of analysis. Another component is an Android application that presents the shorten version of detection report to the mobile device end user. The paper presenting this approach was submitted and accepted to the 4th International Workshop on Computational Forensics (IWCF), that took place in November 2010 [1]. The work presented has received a positive feedback.
Open-Air Biowarfare Testing and the Evolution of Values

The United States and the United Kingdom ended outdoor biological warfare testing in populated areas nearly half a century ago. Yet, the conduct, health effects, and propriety of those tests remain controversial. The varied views reflect the limits of currently available test information and evolving societal values on research involving human subjects. Western political culture has changed since the early days of the American and British testing programs. People have become less reluctant to question authority, and institutional review boards must now pre-approve research involving human subjects. Further, the heightened stringency of laboratory containment has accentuated the safety gap between a confined test space and one without physical boundaries. All this makes it less likely that masses of people would again be unwittingly subjected to secret open-air biological warfare tests.
A speech separation system that is robust to reverberation

A speech separation system has been built up that is self-supporting (i.e. does not require prior knowledge of pitch tracks obtained from the speech signals on their own as in the work of Stubbs and Summerfield, 1990), and is also robust to reverberation. A two-dimensional harmonic sieve that tracks harmonics in both amplitude and frequency has been developed. With the help sometimes of directional information in order to attribute the resulting pitch measurements to the appropriate speakers at times of pitch crossings or following breaks in voicing, reliable pitch tracking and accurate pitch extraction have been achieved in the present system. The present system can successfully extract one speech from mixed speech even when there are more than two overlapping speech signals. <<ETX>>