Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Merging Developmentally Appropriate Practice With Positive Behavioral Supports in Early Childhood Programs

DIMENSIONS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD Volume 36, Number 2 21 Emerson, a spirited 4-year-old, is participating in daily circle time in an integrated public school preschool classroom. During this organized, teacherdirected activity it is almost impossible to keep him in his space. An educational assistant (EA) is usually assigned to sit with him and remind him of the classroom rules and procedures. Emerson shows little interest in listening, participating, or interacting with his peers. As a result he is generally removed from circle and an EA reads to him from a book of his choice. Many times Emerson is distracted. For example, even when being read a favorite book, if he sees older students walking past the classroom door, he will dart into the hallway to watch them as they change classes.
Narrative Versus Step-by-Step Instructions for Computer Procedures

This paper describes a study designed to investigate the effectiveness of narrative versus step-by-step instructions for a computer task. The participants in this study were 31 undergraduate education students enrolled in a computer literacy class at the University of Memphis during the Summer 1996 semester; none of the participants had prior knowledge of e-mail. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups and were individually observed as they completed the steps for retrieving, replying, spell checking, and sending e-mail using software on a mainframe computer. After completion of their respective treatments, participants completed a survey designed to assess their attitudes toward the instruction. There was no performance time difference between the two groups, but the step-by-step treatment made fewer errors during the more complex tasks. There was a lack of difference in attitude between the two groups. A figure illustrating the performance rating form used by the researchers is included, as well as tables containing data on errors on task and errors by treatment.
Cloning and expression analysis of a novel ammonium transporter gene from Eichhornia crassipes

In order to explore the molecular mechanism for Eichhornia crassipes to transport ammonium from outside, we cloned a novel ammonium transporter (EcAMT) gene from E. crassipes and identified its function by using yeast complementation experiment. The full-length cDNA of EcAMT contains a 1506 nucletide-long open reading frame which encodes a protein of 501 amino acids. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that EcAMT had 8 transmembrane regions. The expressions of EcAMT gene under three different nitrogen conditions were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) and the results showed that the expression of EcAMT gene was up-regulated under nitrogen starvation. Our study results revealed some molecular mechanism of E. crassipes to absorb the ammonium in eutrophic water.
Future high-mountain hydrology: a new parameterization of glacier retreat

Abstract. Global warming is expected to significantly affect the runoff regime of mountainous catchments. Simple methods for calculating future glacier change in hydrological models are required in order to reliably assess economic impacts of changes in the water cycle over the next decades. Models for temporal and spatial glacier evolution need to describe the climate forcing acting on the glacier, and ice flow dynamics. Flow models, however, demand considerable computational resources and field data input and are moreover not applicable on the regional scale. Here, we propose a simple parameterization for calculating the change in glacier surface elevation and area, which is mass conserving and suited for hydrological modelling. The Δh-parameterization is an empirical glacier-specific function derived from observations in the past that can easily be applied to large samples of glaciers. We compare the Δh-parameterization to results of a 3-D finite-element ice flow model. As case studies, the evolution of two Alpine glaciers of different size over the period 2008–2100 is investigated using regional climate scenarios. The parameterization closely reproduces the distributed ice thickness change, as well as glacier area and length predicted by the ice flow model. This indicates that for the purpose of transient runoff forecasts, future glacier geometry change can be approximated using a simple parameterization instead of complex ice flow modelling. Furthermore, we analyse alpine glacier response to 21st century climate change and consequent shifts in the runoff regime of a highly glacierized catchment using the proposed methods.
ADSORPTION OF URANIUM FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY Cu 0 . 5 Ni 0 . 5 Fe 2 O 4 – REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITES

Cu0.5Ni0. 5Fe2O4 – reduced graphene oxide composites (CNF-rGO) as an efficient adsorbent for the adsorption of uranium (VI) have been synthesized by a two-steps methods. The structures and the physicochemical properties of adsorbents are characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN) and Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurement. It was found that rGO were exfoliated and decorated homogeneously with CNF nanoparticles having diameters of 20 nm. The saturated magnetization (Ms) value was estimated to be 60 emu/g, remanences (Mr) and coercive forces (Hc) near to zero, indicating that obtained material is superparamagnetic. The pH effect, contact time and adsorption isotherms were examined in batch experiments. The adsorption isotherm agreed well with the Langmuir model, having a maximum adsorption capacity of 256 mg/g, at pH = 6, T = 298 K.
Organizational and ideological strategies for nationalization : evidence from European parties

How does a party's organizational structure affect its chances of becoming a national party? While existing explanations of party nationalization focus on country-level institutional and societal variables, we argue that aspects of party organization such as the degree of centralization of authority, ideological unity and leadership factionalism are very important. By bringing the analysis to the party level, this article provides a multilevel analysis of institutional and party organization variables and disentangles the effect of each set of influences. We use original data on party organization and party nationalization for 142 parties across 20 European countries. We bring a significant contribution to the literature on nationalization and party development by advancing organizational strategies which parties could adopt in different social and institutional environments.
An Automatic Multilevel Facial Expression Recognition System

Facial expression is one of the most natural way of human beings to communicate his-her internal feeling, to stress his-her words, to agree or disagree with the interlocutor, to regulate interaction with the environment and nearby people. This paper challenges the classification experiment run by human beings on the ADFES-BIV database, which is a recently introduced collection of videos expressing low, middle, and high intensity emotions. The proposed automatic system uses the Sparse Representation based Classifier and reaches the top performance of 80 % by considering the temporal information intrinsically present in the videos.
Lunar Surface Reactor Shielding Study

A nuclear reactor system could provide power to support long term human exploration of the moon. Such a system would require shielding to protect astronauts from its emitted radiations. Shielding studies have been performed for a Gas Cooled Reactor system because it is considered to be the most suitable nuclear reactor system available for lunar exploration, based on its tolerance of oxidizing lunar regolith and its good conversion efficiency. The goals of the shielding studies were to determine a material shielding configuration that reduces the dose (rem) to the required level in order to protect astronauts, and to estimate the mass of regolith that would provide an equivalent protective effect if it were used as the shielding material. All calculations were performed using MCNPX, a Monte Carlo transport code. Lithium hydride must be kept between 600 K and 700 K to prevent excessive swelling from large amounts of gamma or neutron irradiation. The issue is that radiation damage causes separation of the l.
Journal of Technology and Science Education TEACHING ENGINEERING WITH AUTONOMOUS LEARNING ACTIVITIES

This paper proposes several actvites that encourage self-learning in engineering courses. For each actvity, the context and the pedagogical issues addressed are described emphasizing strengths and weaknesses. Specifcally, this work describes and implements fve actvites, which are: questonnaires, conceptual maps, videos, jigsaw and projects. These actvites are applied in seven diferent knowledge felds and are conducted individually or in group depending on the nature of the subject and of the actvity. Furthermore, this paper shows how the same actvity can be applied in subjects of diferent years and how the implementaton level changes, depending on the course in which it is conducted. The actvites proposed have been introduced in engineering courses, but they can also be applied in any other knowledge feld. Finally, the paper proposes four rubrics to assess three of the proposed actvites (videos, jigsaw and project), being two of them for the project actvity.
Building Indicators by Consensus for Common Attributes

To address the new process of graduate attributes (GAs) assessment as required by the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB), the University of Waterloo (UW) employed six Graduate Attributes Lecturers (GALs) and four Accreditation Assistants (AAs) with a key role of leading the outcomes assessment process in each of the engineering departments. The GALs work collaboratively with each other and their departments to come up with a process of outcomes assessment. The collaboration methods and techniques used by the GALs in developing shared indicators for the common GAs are proving to be highly effective, and have led to significant progress. One of these methods is a structured brainstorming sessions for developing measurable performance indicators for the common GAs. The following paper describes in detail the collaboration methods and techniques used by the GALs and AAs to develop shared indicators for the professional skills GAs. The paper also discusses the factors that proved to be successful in the whole process as well as the challenges faced by the team.
A PARAMETRIC SENSITIVITY STUDY INTO BOREHOLE PERFORMANCE DESIGN PARAMETERS

To use the ground as a source for the heat pump with closed loop systems, a ground heat exchanger is designed and constructed. The purpose of the ground heat exchanger is to exchange heat with the surrounding ground, where the flow of heat is driven by temperature differences. One major factor affecting the performance of the heat pump is the difference between evaporator and condenser temperature. The relationship between the evaporator and condenser temperatures and the Coefficient of Performance (COP, the thermal output divided by the electrical input) is shown in figure 1. If the evaporating temperature is decreased by one Kelvin, or condensing temperature is increased by one Kelvin, on average the thermal performance of the heat pump will drop by about 3%. Controlling the operational temperatures is therefore important to achieve high performance rates.
RECRUITMENT VARIABILITY AND ENVIRONMENT: ISSUES RELATED TO STOCK ASSESSMENTS OF ATLANTIC TUNAS

Variations in recruitment and year-class strength of fish populations is a well known feature which can be related to three main factors: 1) human activity, mainly through overexploitation of the spawning stock, but also through pollution of the spawning and nursery areas; 2) biological processes, such as predation, cannibalism and competition and 3) environmental events. Life history traits of Atlantic tuna make the probability of a stable recruitment much higher for tropical tuna than temperate ones, but the latter are more adapted to the risks of recruitment failures than the former. As noise in the recruitment can lead to pseudo-cyclic variations in SSB and yields, trends in stock size and catches are also more likely in temperate Atlantic tuna. All these stochastic processes, however, make difficult (and in some cases impossible) the choice of a pertinent deterministic stock -recruit relationship, such as the Ricker or Beverton and Holt models. A way forward is to move to a stock-recruitment relationship that would integrate environmental influence; a step which should be tempered by careful think ing about the physical, biological, physiological and behavioral processes affecting Atlantic tuna.
Triband Compact Antenna for Multistandard Terminals and User's Hand Effect

A novel compact wideband triband antenna for mobile terminals based on PIFA element is proposed. The antenna operates at the following frequency bands: Wireless-LAN 802.11 b, g, a and WiMAX 3.5 GHz. The antenna was studied by means of numerical simulations as well as the ground plane dimensions and user's hand effects. The overall size of the radiating element which is 1.8×1.54×9 mm makes it suitable for use in terminals and appropriate to integrated as an internal laptop antenna. The measured bandwidths show that the proposed antenna can cover three bands (2.39–2.48 GHz), (3.36–3.76 GHz), and (4.7–6.3 GHz) and the total efficiency is better than 90%. The radiation patterns of the antenna were carried in an anechoic chamber and are given to demonstrate the antenna's performance.
THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING OF THE Mg-Al-Ca SYSTEM

Abstract In this study, the ternary Mg-Al-Ca phase diagram was constructed by combining the three constituent binary systems of Mg-Al, Al-Ca and Mg-Ca. The Mg-Al system is taken from COST 507 database. The thermodynamic descriptions of the Mg-Ca and Al-Ca systems are obtained by modelling the Gibbs energy of all phases as a function of composition and temperature. The model parameters were optimized by minimizing Gibbs energy considering phase equilibria and thermodynamic data available in the literature. A self-consistent thermodynamic database was constructed with the optimized parameters of the three subsystems. The binary phase diagrams, their thermodynamic properties, the ternary phase diagram and the critical points were calculated from this database and compared with experimental results from the literature. Dans cette étude, on a construit le diagramme de phase ternaire Mg-Al-Ca en combinant les trois systèmes binaires constituants de Mg-Al, Al-Ca et Mg-Ca. Le système Mg-Al provient de la base de données COST 507. On a obtenu les descriptions thermodynamiques des systèmes Mg-Ca et Al-Ca en modélisant l’énergie de Gibbs de toutes les phases en fonction de la composition et de la température. On a optimisé les paramètres du modèle en minimisant l’énergie de Gibbs, en considérant les équilibres de phase et les données thermodynamiques disponibles dans la littérature. On a construit une base de données thermodynamiques auto-consistantes avec les paramètres optimisés des trois sous-systèmes. On a calculé les diagrammes de phase binaires, leurs propriétés thermodynamiques, le diagramme de phase ternaire et les points critiques à partir de cette base de données et on les a comparés aux résultats expérimentaux de la littérature.
What Matter for Child Development

This paper estimates production functions of child cognitive and social development using a panel data of nine-year old children each with over two hundred home and school inputs as well as family background variables. A tree regression method is used to conduct estimation under various specifications. A small subset of inputs is found consistently important in explaining variances of child development results, including the number of books a child has at various ages and how often a mother reads to child by age five, while the effects of race and maternal employment are negligible when detailed inputs are controlled.
Small-scale farmers in developing countries facing globalizing markets: importance of labelling fair-trade coffee

During the last years the price of green coffee beans has fallen dramatically. The local producers in developing countries are the hardest hit. Especially the small-scale farmers and farm-workers are prone to remain in poverty. Up to now, they remain restricted from any benefits of globalization and trade liberalization. The supply chain of coffee is dominated by a few multinationals. The farmers have very limited bargaining power, and are price-takers. Moreover, their lack of access to inputs, markets and information limit their possibilities to diversify out of production of traditional crops as coffee. Fair-trade organization attempt to contribute to the livelihood of farmers by guaranteeing them a fair price for coffee beans. Although, fair-trade labelled coffee is still a niche market, the consumption is steadily growing. In particular more and more supermarkets sell fair-trade and/or organically-grown coffees. This article presents a description of the fair-trade coffee market. It is argued that fair-trade labels present a new market channel for small-scale farmers. We furthermore discuss how multinationals do not favour this active market intervention. The large coffee roasters argue that active support distorts the market even more.
Forecasting demand for low cost carriers in Australia using an artificial neural network approach

AbstractThis study focuses on predicting Australia's low cost carrier passenger demand and revenue passenger kilometres performed (RPKs) using traditional econometric and artificial neural network (ANN) modelling methods. For model development, Australia's real GDP, real GDP per capita, air fares, Australia's population and unemployment, tourism (bed spaces) and 4 dummy variables, utilizing quarterly data obtained between 2002 and 2012, were selected as model parameters. The neural network used multi-layer perceptron (MLP) architecture that compromised a multi-layer feed-forward network and the sigmoid and linear functions were used as activation functions with the feed forward-back propagation algorithm. The ANN was applied during training, testing and validation and had 11 inputs, 9 neurons in the hidden layers and 1 neuron in the output layer. When comparing the predictive accuracy of the two techniques, the ANNs provided the best prediction and showed that the performance of the ANN model was better t.
Labeling Document Clusters with Thematic Phrases

: Document clustering is a powerful technique to detect topics and their relations for information browsing, analysis, and organization. However, clustered documents require post-assignment of descriptive titles to help users interpret the results. Existing techniques often assign labels to clusters based only on the terms that the clustered documents contain, which may not be sufficient for some applications more over term labeling will not give clear meaning of the clustered contents. To solve the problem, a phrase based cluster labeling is considered in this work. The work considers embedding external knowledge to terms using WordNet and provides an approach to derive a theme in the group of documents and label that group with the most appropriate Phrase. Number of experiments conducted on benchmark datasets and observed that results produced are very accurate to the clusters formed.
Seed germination and in vitro propagation of Piliostigma thonningii – an important medicinal plant

Piliostigma thonningii is a multipurpose tree of high priority for conservation in Nigeria. Almost all its parts are used in traditional medicine and its seeds are a good source of antioxidant micronutrients, rich in crude protein and carbohydrate. Its seeds are however dormant and the plant is uncultivated. Seed germination and in vitro regeneration experiments were carried out on P. thonningii. Seed dormancy was successfully broken by physical and chemical scarification using concentrated sulphuric acid for 15 min with 91.7 ± 4.01 and 95.0 ± 2.24% germination, respectively. The seed dormancy was due mainly to the hard seed-coat. Callus production was observed in both cotyledon and hypocotyl explants cultured in auxin-supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Explant orientation on the medium and the position from which the explant is taken affected callus production. Complete plantlet was regenerated from the hypocotyl-derived callus in medium containing auxin only.
Interactive comment on “HESS Opinions “Topography driven conceptual modelling (FLEX-Topo)”” by H. H. G. Savenije

First of all I would like to thank the referee for his/her supportive review and valuable suggestions that will help to test the proposed approach. I fully agree with the referee that the proof of the pudding is in the eating and that we have to try and set-up an objective way of proofing ’the pudding’. Here we touch upon a fundamental problem in hydrology where an objective proof is hard to get. In catchment hydrology we always suffer from the problem that we don’t know with sufficient accuracy what the exact forcing of the system was. Rainfall is highly heterogeneous in space, and point measurements can result in substantial biases. Maybe in the near future, making better use C3185
Effect of Janus particle concentration on water-repellent finish of textile fabric

The surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filament fabric was modified with Janus Particles (Jps) for water-repellency property. Jps were characterized with zeta potential measurement, fluorescent microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The hydrophilic part of Jps bound to the activated PET filament surface and hydrophobic part of Janus faced the environment. The wetting and morphology of modified polyester surface were investigated with scanning electronic microscope and DAT 1100-FIBRO System and DAT 1129 Tilt Table. It was found that with the increase in the concentration of Jps, modified surface showed higher water contact angle and lower tilt angle. From the surface morphology it was also noticed that higher concentration of Jps gave raspberry-like aggregations on modified filament textile surface. Finally it was demonstrated that highest concentration (20 wt. %) of Jps was very efficient for the design of water-repellent textile fabric.
Stochastic Production Frontiers and Decomposition of Output Growth: The Case of Citrus-Growing Farms in Tunisia

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relative contribution of technical efficiency, technological change and increased input use to the output growth of the Tunisian citrus growing farms using a stochastic frontier production function approach applied to panel data for the period 2003-2005. Knowledge of the relative contribution of factors productivity and input use to output growth and improvements in technical efficiency is crucial to provide a comprehensive view of the state of the citrus producing sector in the country and help farm managers and policy makers draw appropriate policy measures. The proposed methodology is based on the use of a flexible translog functional form. Results indicate that technical efficiency of production in citrus producing farms investigated ranges from a minimum of 11.19% to a maximum of 96.82% with an average technical efficiency estimate of 49.97%. This suggests that citrus producers may increase their production by as much as 50.03% through more efficient use of production inputs. Furthermore, the production is characterized by increasing returns to scale, which on average was 1.057. Finally, investigation of the sources of production growth reveals that the contribution of total factor productivity is found to be the main source of that growth.