Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paediatric Pain Management: Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine

• Children undergo acute painful procedures and many also experience chronic pain. • Due to their developing systems, infants and children may be at greater risk than adults for protracted pain sensitivity. • There is a need to manage acute and chronic paediatric pain to reduce children's suffering and to prevent future pain problems. • Consistent with a biopsychosocial perspective, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) should be considered in management of acute and chronic paediatric pain. • Although research is limited for paediatric pain, CAM interventions receiving the most empirical attention include hypnotherapy, acupuncture and music therapy. Evidence also exists for the therapeutic benefits of yoga, massage, humor therapy and the use of certain biological based therapies.
Poisson’s Ratio of Surface Soils and Shallow Sediments Determined from Seismic Compressional and Shear Wave Velocities

This paper presents the results of seismic compressional, P- and shear, S-wave measurements carried out on the unconsolidated top-soil at the different locations of the study area to determine Poisson’s ratio. In this work, seismic refraction data is used to determine Poisson’s ratio as an aid to engineering foundation. A 12-channel seismograph with signal stacking ability was used together with high frequency (100 Hz) geophones on the top-soil. The geophone intervals were set to 5 m at the all locations. In all the locations, Vp/Vs ratio ranged from 1.0289 to 1.4185 for the top layer. Vp/Vs ratio in the second layer ranged from 1.0512 to 1.5834. The Poisson’s ratio for the first layer ranged from -8.0324 to 0.2060. For the second layer, the Poisson’s ratio ranged from -0.7567 to 0.1683. The values of Vp/Vs ratio less than in the first layer and in some locations in the second layer resulted in negative Poisson’s ratio. The low and negative values of Poisson’s ratio are symptomatic of occurrence of ripable anisotropic materials in the locations where they occur, which suggests that indicated average depth should be removed and refilled with geomaterials that may be resilient to carry engineering loads.
Simulated Framework for the Development and Evaluation of Redundant Robotic Systems

In the current work we present a simulated environment for the development and evaluation of multi redundant open chain manipulators. The framework is implemented in Matlab and provides solutions for the kinematics and dynamics of an arbitrary open chain manipulator. For a anthropomorphic trunk-shoulder-arm configuration with in total nine degree of freedoms, a closed form solution of the inverse kinematics problem is derived. The attractor dynamics approach to motion generation was evaluated within this framework and the results are verified on the real anthropomorphic robotic assistant Cora.
Expression of Tie1 and Tie2 Proteins during Reendothelialization in Balloon-Injured Rat Carotid Artery

The novel endothelial cell tyrosine kinase receptors, Tie1 and Tie2, are essential for vascular development and remodeling in the embryo but little is known regarding the regulation of their expression and their role in the maintenance and repair of the adult vascular system. We examined the expression of Tie1 and Tie2 in normal vessels and during reendothelialization following balloon injury of the adult rat carotid artery. Tie proteins were detected in quiescent endothelial cells of the adult rat carotid artery. Tie1 and Tie2 proteins were also detected in human and rat platelets. A weak expression of Tie1 and Tie2 proteins was detected in young endothelial cells which sparsely repopulated the denuded surface by day 14. Protein levels increased in the confluent layer of endothelial cells by day 28. Based on these observations, we tested whether Tie1 and Tie2 mRNA and protein levels are regulated by cell density. Tie1 and Tie2 expression significantly increased with higher density in cultured human endothelial cells, and this upregulation required cell-cell interaction. These data suggest that Tie1 and Tie2 may play a role in the maintenance and repair of the adult vascular system and that the expression of these proteins is regulated by cell density.
CD18 Is Required for Optimal Development and Function of CD4+CD25+ T Regulatory Cells1

CD4+CD25+ T regulatory (Treg) cells inhibit immunopathology and autoimmune disease in vivo. CD4+CD25+ Treg cells’ capacity to inhibit conventional T cells in vitro is dependent upon cell-cell contact; however, the cell surface molecules mediating this cell:cell contact have not yet been identified. LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) is an adhesion molecule that plays an established role in T cell-mediated cell contact and in T cell activation. Although expressed at high levels on murine CD4+CD25+ Treg cells, the role of LFA-1 in these cells has not been defined previously. We hypothesized that LFA-1 may play a role in murine CD4+CD25+ Treg function. To evaluate this, we analyzed LFA-1-deficient (CD18−/−) CD4+CD25+ T cells. We show that CD18−/− mice demonstrate a propensity to autoimmunity. Absence of CD18 led to diminished CD4+CD25+ T cell numbers and affected both thymic and peripheral development of these cells. LFA-1-deficient CD4+ CD25+ T cells were deficient in mediating suppression in vitro and in mediating protection from colitis induced by the transfer of CD4+CD25− T cells into lymphopenic hosts. Therefore, we define a crucial role for CD18 in optimal CD4+CD25+ Treg development and function.
Backstepping Control of Induction Motor Fed by Five-Level NPC Inverter

In this paper we will present a contribution to the backstepping control for induction motor (IM) based on the principle of Field Orientated Control (FOC). This law is established step by step while ensuring the stability of the machine in the closed loop, by a suitable choice of the function Lyapunov, In addition it is executed to assure the convergence the error´s speed tracking at all initials conditions are possible. Both the speed and the rotor flux are supposed obtained by sensors. The control of the IM by five-level NPC inverter generally uses Pulse-width modulation techniques (PWM). Finally, we represent some of the simulation results by simulations in Matlab/Simulink environment.
W-PnP Method: Optimal Solution for the Weak-Perspective n-Point Problem and Its Application to Structure from Motion

Camera calibration is a key problem in 3D computer vision since the late 80’s. Most of the calibration methods deal with the (perspective) pinhole camera model. This is not a simple goal: the problem is nonlinear due to the perspectivity. The strategy of these methods is to estimate the intrinsic camera parameters first; then the extrinsic ones are computed by the so-called PnP method. Finally, the accurate camera parameters are obtained by slow numerical optimization. In this paper, we show that the weak-perspective camera model can be optimally calibrated without numerical optimization if the L2 norm is used. The solution is given by a closed-form formula, thus the estimation is very fast. We call this method as the Weak-Perspective n-Point (W-PnP) algorithm. Its advantage is that it simultaneously estimates the two intrinsic weak-perspective camera parameters and the extrinsic ones. We show that the proposed calibration method can be utilized as the solution for a subproblem of 3D reconstruction with missing data. An alternating least squares method is also defined that optimizes the camera motion using the proposed optimal calibration method.
Altered metabolites of the rat hippocampus after mild and moderate traumatic brain injury – a combined in vivo and in vitro 1H–MRS study

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been shown to affect hippocampus‐associated learning, memory and higher cognitive functions, which may be a consequence of metabolic alterations. Hippocampus‐associated disorders may vary depending on the severity of injury [mild TBI (miTBI) and moderate TBI (moTBI)] and time since injury. The underlying hippocampal metabolic irregularities may provide an insight into the pathological process following TBI. In this study, in vivo and in vitro proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H–MRS) data were acquired from the hippocampus region of controls and TBI groups (miTBI and moTBI) at D0 (pre‐injury), 4 h, Day 1 and Day 5 post‐injury (PI). In vitro MRS results indicated trauma‐induced changes in both miTBI and moTBI; however, in vivo MRS showed metabolic alterations in moTBI only. miTBI and moTBI showed elevated levels of osmolytes indicating injury‐induced edema. Altered levels of citric acid cycle intermediates, glutamine/glutamate and amino acid metabolism indicated injury‐induced aberrant bioenergetics, excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. An overall similar pattern of pathological process was observed in both miTBI and moTBI, with the distinction of depleted N‐acetylaspartate levels (indicating neuronal loss) at 4 h and Day 1 and enhanced lactate production (indicating heightened energy depletion leading to the commencement of the anaerobic pathway) at Day 5 in moTBI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the hippocampus metabolic profile in miTBI and moTBI simultaneously using in vivo and in vitro MRS.
Testing the three‐pool white matter model adapted for use with T2 relaxometry

A three‐pool model was used to improve white‐matter T2 relaxometry in low signal‐to‐noise (SNR) data. To verify the model very high SNR T2 relaxometry experiments were performed on myelinated tissue samples and three‐pool fractions were consistently found. Relaxation curves based on the in vitro results were simulated with multiple SNRs and fit using the three‐pool model and three less constraining nonnegative least squares‐based methods. All methods performed well with noiseless data. At lower SNR values the three‐pool model was superior, primarily due to the fact that the other methods often could not unambiguously calculate pool fractions. Magn Reson Med 54:449–454, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Positive and Negative Syndromes in Chronic Schizophrenic Inpatients

This study considered whether chronic schizophrenics with positive and negative syndromes represent distinct subtypes. From a survey of 47 schizophrenic inpatients, 18 showed preponderance of productive or deficit features, and four were mixed. The discrete groups were compared on clinical symptoms, cognitive tests, demographic and historical data, and drug side effects. They were significantly distinguished on most criterion symptoms and affect scales but, otherwise, essentially comparable in psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms. The tests revealed similar levels of intellectual impairment and visual-motor deficit, yet the negative patients displayed more primitive cognitive mode and greater psychomotor retardation. They also proved older, less educated, more often born in wintertime, hospitalized later in life, and less heavily medicated. The results supported the validity of the positive-negative dimension for identifying schizophrenic subtypes and suggested etiological implications regarding developmental deficiency.
Implementation considerations for enhancement of data acquisition in PMSM digital control system

In this paper various implementation considerations are proposed for achieving better control performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). These considerations, which are mainly concentrated on improving the quality of feedback signals, can be divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to reducing high frequency noises, while the second part is aimed to increase the resolution of feedback signals. Resolutions of feedback signals have been improved by changing the reference voltages of ADC according to instantaneous desired torque. Experimental results illustrate the efficiency of proposed considerations in improving the performance of speed control of PMSM.
Kinetics of the nonlinear-optical crystal equivalent temperature during the interaction with single-mode high-power laser radiation

Influence of the high-power laser radiation on the piezoelectric resonance in the nonlinear-optical KTiOPO4 crystal was observed. Equivalent crystal temperature can be directly determined from the piezoelectric resonance frequency during interaction of the laser radiation with crystals. Frequency kinetics of the different piezoelectric resonances of the KTiOPO4 crystal were observed for the different pump laser powers up to 14 W. The KTiOPO4 optical absorption coefficient was obtained from the kinetics data.
Necessary conditions and optimality of multiphase structures

The paper is concerned with variational technique for non-quasiconvex multiwell Lagrangians. Speci cally, it deals with the problem of optimal structures of multiphase conducting composites. This problem is formulated as a multivariable extremal problem with a non-quasiconvex Lagrangian. A variational technique is developed for such problems: Special strong local variations are introduced and the necessary conditions of stability to these variations are derived. The minimal extension of the Lagrangian is introduced based on these necessary conditions. The extended problem preserves the cost of the original unstable problem and is stable against the class of the perturbations. Speci cally, optimal structures of multiphase conducting composites in 2D are investigated. Two examples are analysed. It is shown that the suggested necessary conditions are equivalent to the known su cient conditions (the translation bounds) for the problem of optimal two-component mixture. For three component mixtures, new structures are found that show the best conductivity; their properties are discussed.
Effects of wild-type and mutant human amyloid precursor protein on cortical afferent network

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by severe neuronal disintegration supposed to be partly associated with amyloid pathology. Recently, we described morphological alterations of pyramidal cell structure in transgenic mice expressing wild-type or mutant human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) (strains B6-Py8.9 and Tg2576), which are unrelated to direct plaque-associated changes. In this study, we focused on the pattern of cortical afferent connections in these transgenic mice. The quantity of cholinergic afferents is increased in both transgenic lines. Glutamatergic intra- and interhemispheric afferents are augmented in B6-Py8.9 mice but decreased in Tg2576 mice. Furthermore, perisomatic inhibition of pyramidal neurons was found to be reduced in Tg2576 mice. Findings suggest different effects of wild-type and mutant hAPP on neuronal connectivity.
Low Viral Suppression and High HIV Diagnosis Rate Among Men Who Have Sex With Men With Syphilis — Baltimore, Maryland

Background The burden of syphilis and HIV among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Baltimore, Maryland, is substantial. Syphilis and HIV surveillance data were analyzed to characterize MSM with syphilis, including those with repeat infection and HIV coinfection, to strengthen prevention efforts. Methods MSM 15 years or older from Baltimore City or County diagnosed as having early syphilis in 2010 to 2011 were included. Those previously treated for syphilis in 2007 to 2011 were considered to have repeat syphilis infection. HIV surveillance data were used to identify HIV coinfection and assess viral suppression. For MSM not diagnosed as having HIV at or before their syphilis diagnosis, annual HIV diagnosis rates were estimated, using Baltimore City data. Results Of 460 MSM with early syphilis in 2010 or 2011, 92 (20%) had repeat infection; 55% of MSM with a single diagnosis and 86% with repeat infection were HIV coinfected. Among MSM diagnosed as having HIV, viral suppression was low (25%, or 46% of those with a viral load reported). Among Baltimore City MSM without a prior HIV diagnosis, estimated annual HIV diagnosis rates were high (5% for those with 1 syphilis diagnosis, 23% for those with repeat infection). Conclusions Baltimore-area MSM with syphilis, particularly those with repeat infection, represent a unique population for whom coinfection with HIV is high. Increasing frequency of syphilis and HIV testing among Baltimore area MSM with a syphilis diagnosis and prioritizing HIV-infected MSM with syphilis in efforts to achieve viral suppression may improve outcomes locally for both infections.
Genome Sequences of Eight Morphologically Diverse Alphaproteobacteria

ABSTRACT The Alphaproteobacteriacomprise morphologically diverse bacteria, including many species of stalked bacteria. Here we announce the genome sequences of eight alphaproteobacteria, including the first genome sequences of species belonging to the genera Asticcacaulis, Hirschia, Hyphomicrobium, and Rhodomicrobium.
Application of STFT ridges and RT to moving targets detection in SAR

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an active, all-weather capable system to provide the capability to map the ground with high resolution and is used in both civilian and military applications. Moving targets with respect to the stationary background cause smeared and ill-positioned images. Detection and imaging of moving targets in SAR signals are necessary. We propose the method that combined the ridges of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and Radon transform (RT) to detect moving targets. Processing steps of this method and simulated results are given in detail. Simulation results show this method can detect moving targets and estimate its parameters in noise case effectively.
Lack of Epstein-Barr virus- and HIV-specific CD27− CD8+ T cells is associated with progression to viral disease in HIV-infection

Objective: Despite readily detectable virus-specific CD8+ T cells in most HIV-infected patients, immune surveillance is eventually lost, leading to progression to AIDS. To investigate the underlying mechanism of this loss of immune control phenotypic analysis of HIV- and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-specific CD8+ T cells was performed. Design: In three clinically distinct groups, long-term asymptomatics, progressors to opportunistic infections and progressors to EBV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma's (NHL), both number and phenotype of virus-specific CD8+ T cells was studied longitudinally. Methods: The number of HIV- and EBV-specific T cells were determined using HLA-peptide tetrameric complexes. The phenotype of these virus-specific T cells was investigated by costaining with CD27 and CD45RO and thereby identifying specific subsets of CD8+ T cells. Results: Individuals co-infected with HIV and EBV persistently had low numbers of HIV-specific CD27− T cells, in contrast to rising numbers of EBV-specific CD27− CD8+ T cells. However, HIV-infected individuals developing EBV-associated AIDS-related NHL had very low numbers of EBV-specific CD27− CD8+ T cells. Higher numbers of HIV-specific CD27− CD8+ T cells were associated with delayed disease progression. Virus-specific CD27− T cells, compared with CD27+ T cells showed elevated interferon-gamma production in response to viral peptides in vitro, indicative for strong effector function. Conclusions: Taken together, our data indicate that virus-specific CD27− T cells may be important effector T cells in controlling chronic viral infections in humans and that lack of differentiation into CD27− effector T cells may lead to progression of viral disease.
Assessment of global law and psychiatry research in the period of 1993-2012: A bibliometric analysis (Part-I)

Purpose The purpose of this paper (bibliometric analysis) is to analyse the global scientific outputs, research patterns, research emphases and trends of law and psychiatry (L&P) research during 1993-2012 from the Web of Science (WOS) database. Besides, the paper also offers an overview to deepen intercultural understanding and cooperation in the field among professionals concerned with the interface of this research field and related disciplines. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducted a bibliometric study of the characteristics and patterns of publication outputs, major journals, network of co-occurrence of authors, international productivity and collaboration. Findings International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law and Psychiatry, Psychology and Law were the representative journals in the field of L&P research. The results from the analysis of co-occurrence of authors suggest that the L&P co-authorship network analysis is relatively fragmented. In addition, the most productive institution was the University of California System, which published the most inter-institutional collaborative publications and was the top institution by centrality measures. The Harvard University published the most single-institute publications. The most productive country was the USA, which was the top country by centrality measures. The USA was the most collaborative country and took the central position in the collaborative network. Originality/value This is the first study to quantify and evaluate global research productivity in L&P viewed through the WOS during 1993-2012, which might provide a potential guide for future research among professionals concerned with the interface of L&P, as it is a very constructive contribution to the area.
Trajectory Tracking Control of Nonholonomic Mechanical Systems in Presence of Model Uncertainties

This paper presents a robust adaptive feedback linearizing control law to solve the integrated kinematic and dynamic trajectory tracking problem of nonholonomic mechanical systems in presence of parametric and nonparametric uncertainties. An adaptive nonlinear control law is proposed based on input-output feedback linearization technique to get asymptotically exact cancellation of the parametric uncertainty in the system parameters. Then, a leakage modification is applied to modify integral action of the adaptation law to compensate for the nonparametric uncertainties due to friction and unmodeled dynamics. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the robustness and tracking performance of the proposed controller.
Culture as Class Symbolization or Mass Reification? A Critique of Bourdieu's Distinction

Pierre Bourdieu's theory of culture as a system of symbols furthering a misrecognition of class is critically compared to the Frankfurt school's theory of culture as reifying cimmodities furthering an unrecognition of class. Because of their approaches to history, both theories recognize only part of the complex reality of modern capitalist culture. Bourdieu's ahistorical structuralism fails to grasp the historical changes produced in culture by capitalism, while critical theory's essentialism fails to specify the concrete factors mediating the historical effects of capitalism on culture. As a corrective to both, a neo-Marxist theory is developed that grasps the totality of capitalist culture by grounding the effects of class on culture in concrete, historical class struggle.