Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Effects of Automation of Warehouse Processes – Building the Concept of Simulation Tests

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to develop a research concept for business process simulation models that take into account all possible automation scenarios activated depending on the tested configuration of their implementation. Design/Methodology/Approach: As part of the research, warehouse processes were identified in one of the key Polish e-commerce companies. These processes were modeled in the next step using BPMN notation and simulated taking into account all model parameters. Thanks to the calibration of the models, it was possible to confirm their correctness. In the next step, the models were modified in order to implement automatic solutions, correct parameters. Findings: The developed scenario models allow for a comparative analysis of automation scenarios by activating or deactivating individual variants of the model. The simulation results obtained for various scenario models which enabled to distinguish the potential of using the simulation, i.e. a set of process parameters that should be subject to comparative analysis in subsequent stages of the research so that it was possible to verify the results of the implemented automatic solutions. Practical Implications: The changes taking place in modern logistics and warehouse processes are mainly caused by the increase in the requirements of final recipients in terms of the quality of services provided and the time of their implementation. The growing importance of online sales and the very intensively developing COVID-19 pandemic have made this distribution channel one of the key forms of obtaining and delivering products to end recipients. One of the essential elements of development is shortening process cycles, elimination of human errors or effective use of the resources involved through automation. Originality/Value: As a result of the analyzes, a research concept that allows the use of multi-scenario simulation models taking into account automatic solutions in warehouse processes, implemented in the e-commerce industry, was developed. This model will be used in further research on the results of automation implementation.
Physical and Digital Placemaking in a Public Art Initiative in Camden, NJ

The process of placemaking entails the use of physical and digital representations of place. An understudied element of these representations is how users’ agency and interaction with physical and digital placemaking contributes to sense of place within a community. This research uses A New View - Camden, New Jersey (ANV) public art initiative as a case study to analyze how digital representation of space contributes to sense of place among community members in an urban setting. ANV’s social media reach and coverage is triangulated with data from interviews and focus groups from the 2019-2021 project period. The digital interactions with public spaces evoked meaning to experiences and places in Camden, in turn influencing perceptions of the place and willingness of community members to engage. A New View’s digital representations not only created opportunities for wider outreach and longer lasting experiences of placemaking that contributed positively to community, but also contributed to understanding of placemaking in urban public spaces, particularly during the COVID-19 global pandemic.
Direct bandgap dependence of bismuth films on their thickness

Thin bismuth films of various thicknesses between 5 and 32 nm grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si (111) substrates were investigated. The samples were characterized by the x-ray diffraction method, which allowed us to identify two types of Bi crystallographic structures—[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] bismuth. Terahertz radiation pulses emitted from the samples after their illumination by femtosecond optical pulses with different wavelengths were characterized. The main THz emission features were similar for both types of Bi layers. Due to 2D confinement, the electron energy band structure depends on the thickness. With the terahertz excitation spectroscopy method, direct bandgaps were determined to be in the range from 0.25 to 0.5 eV—much greater than the indirect bandgaps of the layers. A simple model was used to describe the nature of THz emission from these films, which is the cause of uncompensated lateral photocurrents occurring because of the diffusive electron scattering at the Bi/Si interface.
Sex differences in driving under the influence: What can we conclude from accident data and point system?

: The Czech Republic regularly ranks among the countries with the highest average alcohol consumption in the world, with men consuming about three times more alcohol than women. This is of particular concern in road safety. Approximately 5% of road accidents caused by motor vehicle drivers in the Czech Republic between 2012 and 2020 happened due to drivers under the influence of alcohol and/or other addictive substances (DUI). However, these accidents accounted for almost 11% of all fatalities registered in these accidents, most of which (95%) were caused by male drivers. This paper aimed to (1) ana- lyze the differences in DUI between men and women, (2) relate data from drivers’ penalty point system regarding DUI to data on the ac- cident rate of inebriated drivers in the Czech Republic between 2012 and 2020. It was ascertained that men have a marked preponderance in both the point system (89%) and the accident data (86%) and the point system positively correlates with accident data in both men and women. In addition, the causes of traffic accidents vary according to the sex of the culprit – women crashed most often due to loss of vehicle control, whereas crashes of men occurred as a result of speeding. The statistical findings were complemented by the experience of an expert group conducting rehabilitation programs for drivers with suspended driving license.
Rainstorm Disaster Risk Assessment and Influence Factors Analysis in the Yangtze River Delta, China

Rainstorm disasters have had a serious impact on the sustainable development of society and the economy. However, due to the complexity of rainstorm disasters, it is difficult to measure the importance of each indicator. In this paper, the rainstorm disaster risk assessment framework was systematically proposed based on the disaster system theory and a system of corresponding indicators was established. Furthermore, the genetic algorithm optimized projection pursuit and XGBoost were coupled to assess the rainstorm disaster risk and to measure the relative importance of each indicator. Finally, the Yangtze River Delta was taken as the case study area. The results show that: the rainstorm disaster risk in the eastern and southeast is higher than those in the central and northwest of the Yangtze River Delta; the total precipitation from June to September and the top ten indicators contribute 9.34% and 74.20% to the rainstorm disaster risk assessment results, respectively. The results can provide references for decision makers and are helpful for the formulation of rainstorm adaptation strategies.
Zero-Shot Cross-Modal Retrieval for Remote Sensing Images With Minimal Supervision

The performance of a deep-learning-based model primarily relies on the diversity and size of the training dataset. However, obtaining such a large amount of labeled data for practical remote sensing (RS) applications is expensive and labor-intensive. Training protocols have been previously proposed for few-shot learning (FSL) and zero-shot learning (ZSL). However, FSL is not compatible with handling unobserved class data at the inference phase, while ZSL requires many training samples of the seen classes. In this work, we propose a novel training protocol for image retrieval and name it as label-deficit zero-shot learning (LDZSL). We use this novel LDZSL training protocol for the challenging task of cross-sensor data retrieval in RS. This protocol uses very few labeled data samples of the seen classes during training and interprets unobserved class data samples at the inference phase. This strategy is critical as some data modalities are hard to annotate without domain experts. This work proposes a novel bilevel Siamese network to perform the LDZSL cross-sensor retrieval of multispectral and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. We use the available georeferenced SAR and multispectral data to domain align the embedding features of the two modalities. We experimentally demonstrate the proposed model’s efficacy using the So2Sat dataset compared with the existing state-of-the-art models of the ZSL framework trained under a reduced training set. We also show the generalizability of the proposed model using a sketch-based image retrieval task. Experimental results on the Earth on the Canvas dataset exhibit comparative performance over the literature.
Feasibility of a Social Network-Based Physical Activity Intervention Targeting Vocational School Students: A Pilot Study

Globally, four out of five adolescents do not meet the recommendations for physical activity (PA). Moving large segments of young adults from inactivity to activity is essential to reach the global target of a 15% relative reduction in inactivity by 2030 worldwide. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of a social network-based PA intervention (WALK2gether) in vocational school students. Fourteen students from one vocational school in the city of Duesseldorf were instructed to walk ten thousand steps per day over six weeks. Applied behavior change techniques were self-monitoring of steps and social comparison via a pedometer app and a Facebook group. Indicators of feasibility were documented. The intervention was minimally resource intensive, with a total of 92 h spent by the research staff. The recruitment rate was 19.2% and loss-to-follow up 28.6%. Our data revealed no significant change in the target behavior PA from baseline to follow-up. The target population did not interact in the Facebook group, while a moderate use of the pedometer app was noted. Although the results ought to be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size, the findings suggest that the WALK2gether intervention was partially feasible, but not appropriate for the target group.
The Prevalence of Diabetes among Hypertensive Polish in Relation to Sex-Difference in Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Body Fat Percentage and Age

Background: Little is known about sex differences in the risk of type 2 diabetes (DM2) development related to body fat depot. The main aim of this study was to assess sex-specific differences in the prevalence of diabetes in the relation to body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and calculated body fat percentage (BF), adjusted by physical activity, in younger and older hypertensive adults. Subjects/Methods: The survey enrolled 12,289 adult hypertensive outpatients with body weight, height, and WC reported by their physicians across Poland. Prevalence of diabetes was plotted against body mass, BMI, WC, and calculated BF and adjusted by the self-reported level of physical activity. Results: In our cohort, younger women (<60 years) with BMI < 25.0 kg/m2 had lower adjusted prevalence of diabetes than corresponding men (3.4% vs. 6.5%), while among older (≥60 years) with BMI < 25.0 kg/m2, the prevalence of diabetes was greater in women than in men (19.4% vs. 11.2%). A 25% probability of diabetes was observed for younger women with lower BMI than younger men (32.1 kg/m2 and 35.3 kg/m2, respectively) and WC (100.7 cm and 116.1 cm, respectively) but greater BF (45.5% and 38.9%, respectively). The corresponding differences in BMI and WC in older ones were much smaller (27.6 kg/m2 and 27.2 kg/m2, respectively; 83.7 cm and 85.6 cm, respectively), but not for BF (40.7% and 30.1%, respectively). A doubling of diabetes probability (from 25% to 50%), adjusted by physical activity, was attributable to the lower increase in BMI and WC and BF in women than in men (6.3 vs. 9.8 kg/m2, 25.0 vs. 36.1 cm, and 6.5 vs. 10.8%, for younger, and 8.1 vs. 11.3 kg/m2, 26.2 vs. 73.2 cm and 8.8 vs. 13.3%, for older). Conclusions: This study shows a lower probability of diabetes in younger women than younger men with normal weight BMI ranges, adjusted to physical activity. This probability is greater for hypertensive women, regardless of age, due to the increase in BMI/WC and BF values adjusted for physical activity.
A Lower Limit to the Universal Density of Metals at z ∼ 3

Column density distribution functions of C IV with 12.05≤log(N)≤14.35 and Si IV with 11.70≤log(N)≤13.93 have been obtained using 81 C IV absorbers and 35 Si IV absorbers redward of the Lyα forest in the lines of sight to seven quasars with 2.518≤zem≤3.78. These distribution functions have been directly integrated to yield ion densities at z = 3-3.5 of ΩC iv = (2.0 ± 0.5) ×10−8 and ΩSi iv = (7.0±2.6)×10−9 with H0 = 65 km s-1 Mpc-1 and q0=0.02 (1 σ errors). A larger sample of 11 quasar lines of sight was used to measure C II/C IV, Si III/Si IV, and N V/C IV ratios, which suggest that C IV and Si IV are the dominant ionization stages and that corrections to ΩCarbon and ΩSilicon are no more than a factor of 2. Normalizing the α-process elements to silicon and the Fe-coproduction elements to carbon gives a density of heavy elements in these forest clouds of Ωmetals=(3.3±0.8)×10−7 (H0=65,q0=0.02) . The implications for the amount of star formation and for the ionization of the intergalactic medium prior to z=3 are discussed.
It’s Just the Fact It’s Against Us: The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Young Children’s Caregivers’ Preventive Health Behaviors

Persistent racial-, ethnic-, and income-related disparities in health outcomes for children suggest that there is still much to do to develop interventions that are responsive to communities’ needs. Cultural health capital, the health-related attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors needed to engage in a healthy lifestyle, is acquired throughout childhood and informs adult preventive health behaviors (PHBs). However, primary caregivers’ social determinants of health (SDH) dictate the opportunities they have for building children’s cultural health capital. Given that targeted, responsive interventions and policies to promote PHB in young children are needed, the purpose of this study was to explore how caregivers with varying SDH define preventive health and what affects their engagement in PHBs for themselves and their children. Six focus groups with primary caregivers of young children (N = 37, 89% female, mean age = ∼37.9 years old, ∼36% White) were conducted at community organizations. Data were analyzed using a deductive approach, and emergent themes were categorized by types of SDH (downstream, upstream, or both) within each focus group. Focus groups were categorized into three clusters based on participants’ SDH and access to resources: high-resource, low-income/moderate-resource, and low-income/low-resource. Caregivers’ definitions of preventive health were rooted in upstream and downstream determinants and differed by cluster. All clusters identified money and access to resources as barriers to engaging in PHBs and acknowledged that structural inequity impacted access to resources. Policies, programs, and structural change to address systemic barriers and mistrust in systems are vital to reduce disparities in health outcomes for children.
Spatiotemporal Feature Hierarchy-Based Blind Prediction of Natural Video Quality via Transfer Learning

In this paper, we propose a pyramidal spatiotemporal feature hierarchy (PSFH)-based no-reference (NR) video quality assessment (VQA) method using transfer learning. First, we generate simulated videos by a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based image restoration model. The residual maps between the distorted frames and simulated frames, which can capture rich information, are utilized as one input of the quality regression network. Second, we use 3D convolution operations to construct a PSFH network with five stages. The spatiotemporal features incorporating the shared features transferred from the pretrained image restoration model are fused stage by stage. Third, with the guidance of the transferred knowledge, each stage generates multiple feature mapping layers that encode different semantics and degradation information using 3D convolution layers and gated recurrent units (GRUs). Finally, five approximate perceptual quality scores and a precise prediction score are obtained by fully connected (FC) networks. The whole model is trained under a finely designed loss function that combines pseudo-Huber loss and Pearson linear correlation coefficient (PLCC) loss to improve the robustness and prediction accuracy. According to the extensive experiments, outstanding results can be obtained compared with other state-of-the-art methods. Both the source code and models are available online.1
Insecticidal Activity of Four Essential Oils Extracted from Chilean Patagonian Plants as Potential Organic Pesticides

Patagonia is a geographical area characterized by a wide plant biodiversity. Several native plant species are traditionally used in medicine by the local population and demonstrated to be sources of biologically active compounds. Due to the massive need for green and sustainable pesticides, this study was conducted to evaluate the insecticidal activity of essential oils (EOs) from understudied plants growing in this propitious area. Ciprés (Pilgerodendron uviferum), tepa (Laureliopsis philippiana), canelo (Drimys winteri), and paramela (Adesmia boronioides) EOs were extracted through steam distillation, and their compositions were analyzed through GC–MS analysis. EO contact toxicity against Musca domestica L. , Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), and Culex quinquefasciatus Say was then evaluated. As a general trend, EOs performed better on housefly males over females. Ciprés EO showed the highest insecticidal efficacy. The LD50(90) values were 68.6 (183.7) and 11.3 (75.1) µg adult−1 on housefly females and males, respectively. All EOs were effective against S. littoralis larvae; LD50 values were 33.2–66.7 µg larva−1, and tepa EO was the most effective in terms of LD90 (i.e., <100 µg larva−1). Canelo, tepa, and paramela EOs were highly effective on C. quinquefasciatus larvae, with LC50 values < 100 µL L−1. Again, tepa EO achieved LD90 < 100 µL L−1. This EO was characterized by safrole (43.1%), linalool (27.9%), and methyl eugenol (6.9%) as major constituents. Overall, Patagonian native plant EOs can represent a valid resource for local stakeholders, to develop effective insecticides for pest and vector management, pending a proper focus on their formulation and nontarget effects.
Does it Matter Who Cares for You? The Effect of Substituting Informal with Formal Personal Care on the Care Recipients' Health

We show that a Scottish policy reform, which introduced free formal personal home care for those aged 65 and above, reduced the probability and the hours of receiving informal personal care. Moreover, we find that the group of individuals that most benefited from the policy introduction, i.e. women aged 75 and above, experienced the largest fall in informal care. We go on to investigate whether such reductions in informal and increases in formal personal care impacted on the care recipients’ health outcomes. Our results demonstrate that switching from informal to formal care does very little to the recipients’ hospital usage and health outcomes.
A Landau-type quantization from a Lorentz symmetry violation background with crossed electric and magnetic fields

We investigate the arising of an analogue of the Landau quantization from a background of the violation of the Lorentz symmetry established by a time-like 4-vector and a field configuration of crossed electric and magnetic field. We also analyse the effects on this Landau-type system subject to a hard-wall confining potential by showing a particular case where a discrete spectrum of energy can be obtained. Further, we analyse the effects of a linear confining potential on the Landau-type system. We show that a quantum effect characterized by the dependence of the cyclotron frequency on the quantum numbers of the system can arise in this analogue of the Landau system. As an example, we calculate the cyclotron frequency associated with ground state of the system.
Pulmonary inflammation region detection algorithms based on deep learning: a review

With the popularity and development of object detection in deep learning, it is used in more and more industries, including the field of medical science. This paper summarizes the target detection algorithms for the pneumonia region. Firstly, this paper briefly introduced the existing detection methods of target detection and summarized the main pneumonia datasets and image preprocessing methods. Then we focused on the framework composition and detection effect of the main model. Finally, through experimental analysis, we proposed to apply some new models to the detection of pneumonia and used some improvements and techniques to improve the detection effect.
Burying the Dead at Ayawiri: Mortuary Diversity and Postmortem Manipulation at an Andean Hillfort (AD 1100–1450)

This article presents results from the excavation and analysis of 11 slab-cist tombs associated with the site of Ayawiri, one of the largest hillforts in the western Lake Titicaca Basin during the Late Intermediate period (LIP; AD 1100–1450). These semi-subterranean tombs typically contain commingled human remains. Variation between and within tombs in the number of individuals, the body parts represented, and the degree of skeletal articulation points to a complex burial practice that likely involved tomb reopening, successive burial, and even the deposition of select body parts. Demographic and mortuary profiles suggest that burial practices were decentralized and flexible, structured by shared attitudes toward “the dead” and the dead body but also subject to the prerogatives and preferences of semi-autonomous corporate groups. This study advances our understanding of a lesser-known mortuary tradition in the Lake Titicaca Basin—one long overshadowed by more prominent burial towers (chullpas)—and sheds new light on the complex interactions that took place between the living and the dead during the LIP.
LUMINOUS X-RAY ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES

We present a study of X-ray active galactic nucleus (AGN) overdensities in 16 Abell clusters, within the redshift range 0.073 < z < 0.279, in order to investigate the effect of the hot inter-cluster environment on the triggering of the AGN phenomenon. The X-ray AGN overdensities, with respect to the field expectations, were estimated for sources with Lx ⩾ 1042 erg s−1 (at the redshift of the clusters) and within an area of 1 h−172 Mpc radius (excluding the core). To investigate the presence or absence of a true enhancement of luminous X-ray AGNs in the cluster area, we also derived the corresponding optical galaxy overdensities, using a suitable range of r-band magnitudes. We always find the latter to be significantly higher (and only in two cases roughly equal) with respect to the corresponding X-ray overdensities. Over the whole cluster sample, the mean X-ray point-source overdensity is a factor of ∼4 less than that corresponding to bright optical galaxies, a difference which is significant at a >0.995 level, as indicated by an appropriate student's t-test. We conclude that the triggering of luminous X-ray AGNs in rich clusters is strongly suppressed. Furthermore, searching for optical Sloan Digital Sky Survey counterparts of all the X-ray sources, associated with our clusters, we found that about half appear to be background QSOs, while others are background and foreground AGNs or stars. The true overdensity of X-ray point sources, associated with the clusters, is therefore even smaller than what our statistical approach revealed.