Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of two types of fat supplements differing in saturation on production performance and energy partitioning

EFFECT OF TWO TYPES OF FAT SUPPLEMENTS DIFFERING IN SATURATION ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY PARTITIONING By Enhong Liu Our objective was to examine the effect of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on production performance and energy partitioning. Holstein cows (n=32; 93±35 DIM) were randomly assigned to treatment sequence in a crossover design experiment and fed iso-energetic diets containing fat supplements differing in saturation. Treatment diets contained 2.5% palmitic acid-enriched triglyceride (BergaFat T-300, SAT) or 2.5% soybean oil (UNSAT), with 25% NDF, 32% starch, 18% CP, and 4.6% FA (DM basis). Treatment periods were 28 d in length with the final 5 d used for sample and data collection. The statistical model included the random effect of cow and fixed effects of treatment and period. Compared to the SAT treatment, UNSAT did not alter dry matter intake (DMI), energy intake, or milk yield but decreased milk fat concentration and yield, with reduced de novo fatty acid (FA) and 16-carbon FA yield. UNSAT also decreased fat-corrected milk (FCM) and energy-corrected milk (ECM). UNSAT increased body weight (BW) gain but did not alter body condition score (BCS) or fat thickness over the rump and rib. UNSAT tended to reduce NDF digestibility and increased FA digestibility in period 1 but not in period 2. UNSAT increased plasma insulin, NEFA, and triglyceride concentrations, with increased milk trans-10 C18:1 and trans-10, cis-12 C18:2. In conclusion, with similar NEL intake, the SAT diet containing the palmitic acid-enriched triglyceride partitioned more energy toward milk, while the UNSAT diet containing soybean oil partitioned more energy toward body gain.
Relation between Student Mental Health and Academic Achievement Revisited: A Meta-Analysis

In the present research, the relationship between mental health and academic achievement in adolescents was investigated. The research adopted meta-analysis model to investigate the relationship between these two phenomena. In the meta-analysis, 13 independent studies were included, and their data were combined to display effect sizes. According to the result of the research, it was indicated that there was a positive relationship between mental health and academic achievement. Also, it was revealed that there was no significant relationship within sub-group variation in the relationship between mental health and academic achievement in terms of year of publication, publication type, community, and sample size, but not the setting.
Analysis of Impedance Tuning Control and Synchronous Switching Technique for a Semibridgeless Active Rectifier in Inductive Power Transfer Systems for Electric Vehicles

In inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, load, and magnetic coupling variations cause an impedance mismatch. Impedance mismatch is one of the most serious problems in IPT systems for electric vehicles (EVs) because an EV is not always parked in the same location. Therefore, an impedance tuning control for semibridgeless active rectifiers (SBARs) is proposed in this article to compensate for this mismatch. The proposed impedance tuning control is achieved by adjusting the turn-on point and duty of the SBAR without using any additional component. Moreover, a technique for detecting the voltage-rising edge of the SBAR switch is proposed to extract the switching frequency and to synchronize the SBAR with the primary system. A 3.3-kW prototype of the IPT system with the SBAR is manufactured, and the proposed impedance tuning control is verified through experimental results according to the coupling coefficient. The proposed control can achieve an efficiency improvement of 6.4% under the impedance mismatch.
Optimizing the Analysis of Sugar Alcohol Excipients in Pharmaceutical Tablet Formulations Using Rezex™ Ion Exclusion HPLC Columns

Introduction Tablet formulations of most major pharmaceutical drug products contain significant amounts of inactive ingredients (excipients) in their formulations. Such excipients are often used as binders to hold a tablet together or as a filler to increase the bulk volume of a tablet (especially for highly potent active pharmaceutical ingredients). Sugar alcohols, such as mannitol, sorbitol, and xylitol, are often used as fillers because of their inert properties and sweet taste1.
Far-Red to Near Infrared Emissive Aqueous Nanoparticles Based on a New Organic Material with Three BODIPY Dyes at the Periphery of the Core: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

A new organic material with three 4,4-difluoro-4-borata-3a-azonia-4a-aza-s-indacene dyes (BODIPYs) at the periphery of the central core is successfully synthesized (3BDP3T) and its corresponding aqueous nanoparticles are prepared via the encapsulation approach and characterized in detail both experimentally and theoretically with the aid of the Density Functional Theory (DFT). The linear and non-linear optical properties of the synthesized material are also studied. Until now, the development of organic materials with three BODIPYs as substituents is limited and their properties are not fully resolved. The obtained 3BDP3T-based nanoparticles exhibit far-red and near infrared (NIR) emission with photoluminescence quantum yields of 0.021, which is promising as a new fluorescent contrast agent in the far-red and NIR spectral regions.
Cooperatives and Social Capital: A Narrative Literature Review and Directions for Future Research

How cooperatives generate and absorb social capital has attracted a great deal of attention due to the fact that they are collective organizations owned and democratically managed by their members, and, accordingly, are argued to be closely linked to the nature and dynamics of social capital. However, the extant literature and knowledge on the relationship between cooperatives and social capital remain unstructured and fragmented. This paper aims to provide a narrative literature review that integrates both sides of the relationship between cooperatives and social capital. On the one hand, one side involves how cooperatives create internal social capital and spread it in their immediate environment, and, on the other hand, it involves how the presence of social capital promotes the creation and development of cooperatives. In addition, our theoretical framework integrates the dark side of social capital, that is, how the lack of trust, reciprocal relationships, transparency, and other social capital components can lead to failure of the cooperative. On the basis of this review, we define a research agenda that synthesizes key trends and promising research avenues for further advancement of theoretical and empirical insights about the relationship between cooperatives and social capital, placing particular emphasis on rural and agricultural cooperatives.
Aqueous graphene oxide-dispersed carbon nanotubes as inks for the scalable production of all-carbon transparent conductive films

We report the utilization of aqueous graphene oxide (GO)-dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as inks for the simple, fast, and industrially scalable fabrication of transparent conductive films (TCFs) on a large scale. The GO–MWNT inks were rod-coated on uniform thin films, which were then chemically reduced by hydroiodic acid (HI) into reduced graphene oxide (rGO)–MWNT TCFs. We show how to utilize GO to make uniform dispersions of MWNTs in water, and how to optimize the wetting and rheological properties of the dispersion for coating and drying without dewetting. Treatment with HI yielded films with good electro-optical performance (sheet resistance of 380 Ω sq−1 at a transparency of 85%). Evaluation of the figure of merit (FoM) indicates that the rGO–MWNT film is superior to rGO, MWNT and un-doped single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) films. The use of the rGO–MWNT film as a transparent heater for defrosters is then demonstrated. Further scientific studies will pave the way for the deployment of GO–MWNT inks in commercial applications.
Stakeholder role in tourism sustainability: the case of Kwame Nkrumah Mausoleum and centre for art and culture in Ghana

PurposeThe paper examines the role of stakeholders in tourism and hospitality industry to ensure sustainability. This study focuses on investigating how stakeholders view can influence business sustainability in the tourism industry in Ghana and Africa. The study also looks at the future of sustainable tourism activities in Ghana and Africa.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative approach was adopted and interviewees were purposively selected. Using the semi-structured interview 12 people were interviewed and NVivo used to analyse the data. The study was carried out in Accra the capital city of Ghana. Using the stakeholder based theory and resource based theory (RBT) the study addresses how sustainable competitive advantage can be developed.FindingsResults shows how stakeholders involved such employees, government, community/society, private sector and individual shop owners perceive factors that enhance or limit progress in tourism. Some challenges they encounter include high level of illiteracy, lack of education for upcoming youth, low funding and publicity, lack of the enforcement of laws in the sector. The findings also indicated that to ensure sustainability in the industry the products should be unique, valuable, rare, non-substitutable and non-imitable and has to be advertised.Research limitations/implicationsResearchers encountered difficulties in eliciting answers from stakeholders who are experts and managers in the industry because of their busy schedules. The researcher admits that this research work which is carried out only in Ghana cannot be used to generalise an assumption for the entire industry sectors in Africa and beyond. The sample size could be improved and the study could be conducted in other African countries for the purposes of comparison.Practical implicationsThis study reveals how stakeholders view developments in the tourism sector and this can be used as a guide in developing policies and marketing strategies in the tourism industry. Both theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.Originality/valueVery little literature has been written on stakeholders' view on business sustainability in the tourism industry in Ghana. Moreover the use of stakeholder and resource based view theories application in developing competitive advantage in the developing country perspective is unique. The findings in no small way will somehow benefit the government and industry stakeholders by providing the latest views and perspectives in Ghana.
Investigating the Effect of Interface Morphology in Adhesively Bonded Composite Wavy-Lap Joints

Joints and interfaces are one of the key aspects of the design and production of composite structures. This paper investigates the effect of adhesive–adherend interface morphology on the mechanical behavior of wavy-lap joints with the aim to improve the mechanical performance. Intentional deviation from a flat joint plane was introduced in different bond angles (0°, 60°, 90° and 120°) and the joints were subjected to a quasi-static tensile load. Comparisons were made regarding the mechanical behavior of the conventional flat joint and the wavy joints. The visible failure modes that occurred within each of the joint configurations was also highlighted and explained. Load vs. displacement graphs were produced and compared, as well as the failure modes discussed both visually and qualitatively. It was observed that distinct interface morphologies result in variation in the load–displacement curve and damage types. The wavy-lap joints experience a considerably higher displacement due to the additional bending in the joint area, and the initial damage starts occurring at a higher displacement. However, the load level had its maximum value for the single-lap joints. Our findings provide insight for the development of different interface morphology angle variation to optimize the joints behavior, which is widely observed in some biological systems to improve their performance.
Influence of Nanoconfinement on the Hydrogen Release Processes from Sodium Alanate

Sodium alanate (NaAlH4) is a prospective H2 storage material for stationary and mobile applications, as NaAlH4 contains 7.4 wt% of H2, and it is possible to do multiple H2 release and accumulation cycles. Nanoconfinement is a potential solution to enhance the H2 release properties of NaAlH4. To optimize the supporting material and the synthesis method used for the nanoconfinement of NaAlH4, a better understanding of the influence of nanoconfinement on the H2 release processes is necessary. Thus, the H2 release from bulk, purely nanoconfined, and intermediate NaAlH4 is measured at different temperature ramp rates, and the characteristic parameters for each hydrogen release process are determined. Activation energies for each process are determined using the Kissinger method, and the effect of nanoconfinement on the activation energies is analysed. The impact of nanoconfinement on the H2 release processes from NaAlH4 and the limitations of each process in case of bulk and nanoconfined NaAlH4 are presented and discussed. Nanoconfinement of NaAlH4 decreases activation energies of the initial reversible H2 release steps to between 30 and 45 kJ mol−1 and increased the activation energy of the last irreversible H2 release step to over 210 kJ mol−1.
Pectin interaction with thermally modified starch affects physicochemical properties and digestibility of starch as revealed by logarithm of slop plot

ABSTRACT Interaction of pectin with starch modified by heat-moisture treatment (HMT) was evaluated. HMT preserved the presence of starch fractions with k1 and k2 (digestion rate constants at rapid and slow phase, respectively) being 4.5 and 0.42 × 10−2 min−1. Compared to the native starch, HMT starch had lower k1 and k2 probably due to the change in crystalline type. HMT increased total digestible starch from 1.02% in native to 27.23% in HMT starch. The decrease in k1 and/or k2 with the increase in pectin might be linked to the effect of viscosity or pectin–amylase interaction, while the decrease in digestible starch at rapid phase (C1∞ ) could be attributed to pectin–starch interaction. Pectin affected significantly water absorption capacity, syneresis, cohesiveness and gumminess of HMT starch but did not alter those of native starch. The effect of HMT on functional, textural and pasting properties was more remarkable than the effect of pectin.
The single nucleotide polymorphisms rs11761556 and rs12706832 of the leptin gene are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Iraqi population

This study was conducted to assess the potential association between leptin (LEP) gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Iraqi patients. Genomic DNA was extracted from 120 diabetic subjects and 100 controls. Three specific PCR fragments were designed to flank three highly frequent single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)s within LEP, rs11761556, rs12706832 and rs2167270. The amplified loci were genotyped by PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) followed by Sanger sequencing for representative genotypes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to detect the association between the targeted genetic variants and T2DM. PCR-SSCP genotyping showed three banding patterns for all three targeted SNPs. Individuals with the AA genotype in both rs11761556 and rs12706832 SNPs showed significantly higher (P<0.05) body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) values than those with other genotypes. Association analysis revealed that individuals with the A allele exhibited a greater risk of T2DM. Data of the present investigation indicated that both rs11761556 and rs12706832 SNPs exerted a noticeable association with T2DM. The study suggests implementing both rs11761556 and rs12706832 SNPs in the early detection of T2DM.
Turkish Folk Music Phonetic Notation System Datamatrix Characteristics/TFMPNS DC: Urfa Region Sample

Datamatrix which was developed by Japanese Denso firm in 1994 is a type of two-dimensional barcode which can be scanned with the digital camera of mobile devices. Datamatrix application which is based on Near Field Communication/NFC was designed for contactless/fast/secure communication between electronic devices in close distances. Thanks to the datamatrix coding system, every kind of limitless content transfer such as information/message/video etc can be done in a limited area. Recorded images are analyzed and barcode content directs users to internet/e-mail address-telephone number-sms/mms/geographical location information. Through datamatrix technology whose existence and utilizability has been verified in various fields, descriptive information can be encoded rapidly and practically. In musical training and education technology as well as in the material and equipment developing process, musicologists have declared that the datamatrix coding system can be used as visual/auditory alternative transfer or adaptation instrument which fulfills the function of making rapid and active connection and communication between physical reality and virtual reality. Any kind of literary and musical texts as well as voice records of Turkish folk music, which is defined as a kind of verbal/artistic performance, can be encoded in the axis of performance theory which is one of the folklore analysis models and linguistical approaches in ethnomusicology. © 2016 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.ukError! Reference source not found.
Reducing the Photodegradation of Perovskite Quantum Dots to Enhance Photocatalysis in CO2 Reduction

Solution-processed perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have been intensively researched as next-generation photocatalysts owing to their outstanding optical properties. Even though the intrinsic physical properties of perovskite QDs have been significantly improved, the chemical stability of these materials remains questionable. Their low long-term chemical stability limits their commercial applicability in photocatalysis. In this study, we investigated the photodegradation mechanisms of perovskite QDs and their hybrids via photoluminescence (PL) by varying the excitation power and the ultraviolet (UV) exposure power. Defects in perovskite QDs and the interface between the perovskite QD and the co-catalyst influence the photo-stability of perovskite QDs. Consequently, we designed a stable perovskite QD film via an in-situ cross-linking reaction with amine-based silane materials. The surface ligand comprising 2,6-bis(N-pyrazolyl)pyridine nickel(II) bromide (Ni(ppy)) and 5-hexynoic acid improved the interface between the Ni co-catalyst and the perovskite QD. Then, ultrathin SiO2 was fabricated using 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES) to harness the strong surface binding energy of the amine functional group of APTES with the perovskite QDs. The Ni co-catalyst content was further increased through Ni doping during purification using a short surface ligand (3-butynoic acid). As a result, stable perovskite QDs with rapid charge separation were successfully fabricated. Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) PL study demonstrated that the modified perovskite QD film exhibited slow photodegradation owing to defect passivation and the enhanced interface between the Ni co-catalyst and the perovskite QD. This interface impeded the generation of hot carriers, which are a critical factor in photodegradation. Finally, a stable red perovskite QD was synthesized by applying the same strategy and the mixture between red and green QD/Ni(ppy)/SiO2 displayed an CO2 reduction capacity for CO (0.56 µmol/(g∙h)).
Sloshing induced damping in vertically vibrating systems

All aircraft are subject to a range of loading throughout ground and flight operations, which ultimately define the sizing and weight of the aircraft structure. Active and passive loads alleviation technologies provide an approach to reduce dynamic loads arising from atmospheric gusts and turbulence, leading to more fuel-efficient aircraft designs. Within the H2020 SLOWD project, fuel sloshing is being considered as a method for alleviating loads in aircraft wings via an increase in effective damping. Recent work has considered the transient response of a vertically vibrating, single degree of freedom system coupled to a rectangular liquid-filled tank. This research revealed identifiable dissipation regions in the free vibration responses characterised by their own distinct equivalent damping ratio values. In this work, free surface displacement has been extracted from high-speed camera footage during the chosen sloshing regimes, which are representative of a decaying parametrically excited fluid. These results are compared against a fluid-structure coupled numerical model based upon smoothed particle hydrodynamics, previously shown to have good agreement with the experimental damping response. Further analysis of the free-surface response of the numerical solution notes a presence of an undesired travelling longitudinal wave. The analysis of this discrepancy between the model and experiment is then used to improve the numerical formulation, showing a requirement for modelling surface tension.
Objects distance measurement in augmented reality for providing better user experience

In this paper we present an algorithm for providing better user experience in AR applications based on HMD (Head Mounted Display), pair of cameras and Deep Learning semantic segmentation. The user can view the scene, captured by the cameras using HMD along with augmented information regarding distances to all detected objects. The cameras are attached to the HMD and must be located as close as possible each other. Moreover one of the cameras is shifted at a known distance closer to the scene with respect to the other camera. Based on the traditional pinhole camera model and estimating the size of the projection of a given object in pixel coordinate systems in both of the cameras, we are able to calculate the distance from the cameras to the object. For location and calculation of the size of projected objects we used a semantic segmentation based on deep learning algorithm.
Calculation of Phase Equilibria and Ihermodynamic Properties of the Li - Na - H System

Available data for the phase diagram and equilibrium hydrogen pressures in the Na-NaH system were optimized to obtain equations for the Gibbs energies of the phases as functions of composition and temperature. Phase diagram data for the Li-Na system were similarly optimized. For the Li-LiH system, optimized Gibbs energy expressions were taken from the literature. The Gibbs energy of ternary liquid Li-Na-H solutions were calculated from these optimized binary Gibbs energies by means of a sublattice model in which the system is treated as a reciprocal ternary system Li-Na-LiH-NaH. Calculated equilibrium hydrogen pressures in the ternary system agree well with available data. Several calculated isothermal sections of the ternary phase diagram are presented