Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construction of automorphic Galois representations, II

Recent developments in the theory of the stable trace formula, especially the proof by Laumon and Ngo of the fundamental lemma for unitary groups, has revived Langlands’ strategy for constructing Galois representations in the `-adic cohomology of Shimura varieties. I will describe the kinds of representations one can expect to obtain in this way, or more generally as `-adic limits of representations appearing in the cohomology of Shimura varieties attached to unitary groups. I will also report on the current state of the collective project of the Paris automorphic forms seminar to carry out the construction following the prescription outlined by Langlands thirty years ago.
An explanation for the shape of Earth's gravity spectrum based on viscous mantle flow models

The Earth's gravity spectrum can be used as an observational constraint on geophysical modelling. Here we show how the spectrum up to degree l = 31 can be explained to a large part by viscous mantle flow in combination with a very simple model of random mantle density anomalies. Efforts to make the calculation more “realistic” by considering effects of thermal boundary layers, or using density anomalies based on tomography, or geodynamic modelling, tend to worsen the fit. Results are rather sensitive to assumptions on density anomalies in the upper thermal boundary layer. We suggest that, in combination with other observations, the shape of the Earth's gravity spectrum can serve to better constrain radial viscosity structure, density anomalies and flow in the Earth's mantle. Appropriate treatment of the lithosphere and of lateral viscosity variations will be the main challenges in modelling this spectrum.
Recent decline in suitable environmental conditions for African great apes

To predict the distribution of suitable environmental conditions (SEC) for eight African great ape taxa for a first time period, the 1990s and then project it to a second time period, the 2000s; to assess the relative importance of factors influencing SEC distribution and to estimate rates of SEC loss, isolation and fragmentation over the last two decades.
Gender differences in preferences of martial arts inPolish adolescents

Background & Study Aim: The prevalence of physical activity (PA) depends greatly on the options of executing preferable and favorite PA. Objective information about individual preferences in types of PA can support successful integration of adolescents into regular participation in PA. Defining the role of martial arts in regard to girls’ and boys’ sport preferences is a permanent problem that requires objective and continuous diagnostics. The aim of the study is the relationship among girls’ and boys’ preferences in martial arts and further among these preferences and PA participation. Material & Methods: Online research was conducted in Katowice region and 518 boys and 559 girls at the age from 15 to 17 years participated. All high schools in the region were called for participation, but only schools that allowed the research examination participated. Sport preferences survey that participants completed online via INDARES system was used to diagnose preferences in individual and team sports. The results were analyzed using basic statistical procedures, nonparametric correlational analysis, and Mann-Whitney test. Results: The structure of martial arts preferences is stable without any radical changes throughout the time. Among the first top five activities in girls are: karate, box, judo, kick-box and aikido; in boys: box, kick-box, karate, judo, and wrestling. Top five martial arts correlate with the nature of masculine and feminine sense of life. There is a strong positive correlation among the preferences of martial arts regarding gender across all age groups: 15 years old (rs = .850; p < .001 ), 16 years old (rs = .833; p < .001) and relatively strong correlation also among 17 years old (rs = .733; p < .001). Conclusions: Polish version of the online system INDARES is a suitable diagnostic tool for the examination of sport preferences sphere in adolescents. Understanding gender differences in sport preferences of adolescents can increase their participation in organized PA.
Settlements of Bystrinsky District in the XX-th century: Emergening and Development

The article analyzes the state role in national settlements emerging and development among Russian Far Eastern nomads in the XX-th century on the sample of Bystrinsky district, Kamchatka. The author used archive materials, books and collected documents and materials of Ethnographic expedition of Vitus Bering Kamchatka State University to Anavgay in 2005. The basic methods are analysis and classification. The topic of the article is actual because of modern re-estimation Soviet period of Russian history. Based on Soviet and Russian authors' books.
Fast heterogeneous N 2 O 5 uptake and ClNO 2 production in power plant and industrial plumes observed in the nocturnal residual layer over the North China Plain

Abstract. Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) and nitryl chloride (ClNO2) are key species in nocturnal tropospheric chemistry and have significant effects on particulate nitrate formation and the following day's photochemistry through chlorine radical production and NOx recycling upon photolysis of ClNO2. To better understand the roles of N2O5 and ClNO2 in the high-aerosol-loading environment of northern China, an intensive field study was carried out at a high-altitude site (Mt. Tai, 1465 m a.s.l.) in the North China Plain (NCP) during the summer of 2014. Elevated ClNO2 plumes were frequently observed in the nocturnal residual layer with a maximum mixing ratio of 2.1 ppbv (1 min), whilst N2O5 was typically present at very low levels (
12 GHz methanol maser outflow from the massive star-forming region: G35.20–0.74

We report the internal proper motions of 12 GHz methanol masers in massive star-forming region G35.20–0.74 observed with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at four epochs spanning about 1.5 yr. Two groups of maser features were detected, groups A and B, and the latter that had a V-shaped spatial distribution is likely tracing the north outflow in G35.20–0.74. We present a three-dimensional model for the kinematics of these masers, by assuming the interstellar medium was blown by the stellar wind from the driving source (G35.2N) of the outflow. Adopting a position angle of ∼ 81° for the main axis of the outflow from previous studies, we estimate an inclination of 35° ± 5.5°, a velocity of 8.1 ± 0.7 km s−1 for the stellar wind along the main axis and an expansion speed gradient of 0.05 ± 0.016 km s−1 AU−1. From the model, we derive the age of the north outflow in G35.20–0.74 to be ∼ 1.6 × 104 yr.
Mesenchymal stromal cell secretome as a therapeutic strategy for traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem that is a common cause of disability and mortality. Despite the availability of many treatment options, none is capable of restoring functional and structural recovery of the damaged brain. Both the results of preclinical and clinical studies suggest the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a therapeutic strategy for structural and functional recovery in TBI. However, recent evidence shows that the neuroprotective potential of MSCs is due to multiple secretions of bioactive molecules that modulate tissue microenvironment for tissue repair and regeneration. The results of preclinical studies indicate the therapeutic benefits of MSC secretome in TBI. Soluble bioactive molecules and extracellular vesicles are the various factors secreted by MSCs that can induce neurogenesis, angiogenesis, neovascularization, and anti‐inflammatory activities. This review highlights the neuroprotective effect of MSC secretome for the treatment of TBI. In addition, the possible challenges of secretome as biotherapeutics are identified and how some of the issues raised could be overcome for effective clinical application are also discussed.
Study of the Effect of Himreen Dam on the Phytoplankton Diversity in Dyala River, Iraq

In present study three stations are located on Diyala River has been investigated to study phytoplankton community, the first station was located in jalawlaa area, second station in Himreen impoundment, while the third station is located after the Himreen Dam in Al-Soddur area, A total 134 taxa of Phytoplankton were identified during the study period, 63, 82 and 84 were identified in stations 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The higher density of Phytoplankton observed in station 3, result ranged between 21.16 - 23.88 × 102 cell/l during September and October respectively, then station 2 which has density ranged between 18.44 - 66.188 × 102 cell/l during January and September respectively, while the station 1 has the lowest values during the study comparable to other stations, the result ranged between 5.495 - 70.62 × 102 cell/l during January and April respectively. Species Richness Index ranged from 2.9 - 7.46 in station 1, 4.08 - 7.85 in station 2 and 5.71 - 8.77 in station 3. The result revels that the station 3 show to increase in Richness index value in the most of the months comparable to other stations. The Similarity index also has been calculated among the common species of Phytoplankton through the three station by using the Hierarchical cluster analysis is the highest Similarity percentage in reach in 43.5% for the common species of Phytoplankton between stations 2 and 3.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Latent Domain Phrase-based Models for Adaptation

Phrase-based models directly trained on mix-of-domain corpora can be sub-optimal. In this paper we equip phrase-based models with a latent domain variable and present a novel method for adapting them to an in-domain task represented by a seed corpus. We derive an EM algorithm which alternates between inducing domain-focused phrase pair estimates, and weights for mix-domain sentence pairs reﬂecting their relevance for the in-domain task. By embedding our latent domain phrase model in a sentence-level model and training the two in tandem, we are able to adapt all core translation components together – phrase, lexical and reordering. We show experiments on weighing sentence pairs for relevance as well as adapting phrase-based models, showing signiﬁcant performance improvement in both tasks.
Ice sheet mass loss caused by dust and black carbon accumulation

Abstract. Albedo is the dominant factor governing surface melt variability in the ablation area of ice sheets and glaciers. Aerosols such as mineral dust and black carbon (soot) accumulate on the ice surface and cause a darker surface and therefore a lower albedo. The darkening effect on the ice surface is currently not included in sea level projections, and the effect is unknown. We present a model framework which includes ice dynamics, aerosol transport, aerosol accumulation and the darkening effect on ice albedo and its consequences for surface melt. The model is applied to a simplified geometry resembling the conditions of the Greenland ice sheet, and it is forced by several temperature scenarios to quantify the darkening effect of aerosols on future mass loss. The effect of aerosols depends non-linearly on the temperature rise due to the feedback between aerosol accumulation and surface melt. According to our conceptual model, accounting for black carbon and dust in future projections of ice sheet changes until the year 3000 could induce an additional volume loss of 7 %. Since we have ignored some feedback processes, the impact might be even larger.
Comparative Analysis of Selected Factors Affecting Fruit Phenotype and Yield of Sclerocarya birrea in Tanzania

Knowledge of fruit physical properties and yield is imperative for trees with commercial domestication prospects like Sclerocarya birrea. This study assessed individual fruit weight and diameter as well as yield per tree for the three subspecies of Sclerocarya from two types of land use (farmland and wild). Ten female trees were randomly selected from on-farm and wild sites for each subspecies. From each tree, diameter and weight of 50 randomly selected fruits were measured during a peak fruiting while all fruits per tree were counted and recorded throughout the entire fruiting season for two consecutive years. Results showed that subspecies multifoliolata had significantly heavier fruits and more yield than subspecies birrea and caffra (p < 0.001) Fruits from subspecies birrea were significantly larger than those from the other two subspecies (p < 0.001). Trees from the wild population yielded more fruits that were also heavier that those from on-farm but the difference was only significant for subspecies multifoliolata (p < 0.001) Fruits from on-farm population of subspecies birrea were significantly the largest in diameter (p < 0.001). There was a strong relationship between fruit properties with crown diameter d and between yield and crown diameter while a decline in rainfall reduced fruit yield across the species and land use. Our results indicate that fruit physical properties and yield have allometric relationship with tree size structure and they vary with rainfall, type of subspecies and probably pollination intensity but not with farmers’ selection pressure and intervention. Key Words: Sclerocarya, Yield, Land-use, Tanzania
Transcriptome analysis reveals GPNMB as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer

Gastric cancer has the fifth highest incidence of disease and is the third leading cause of cancer‐associated mortality in the world. The etiology of gastric cancer is complex and needs to be fully elucidated. Thus, it is necessary to explore potential pathogenic genes and pathways that contribute to gastric cancer. Gene expression profiles of the GSE33335 and GSE54129 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared and identified using R software. The DEGs were then subjected to gene set enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses. Survival analyses based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database were used to further screen the essential DEGs. A knockdown assay was performed to determine the function of the candidate gene in gastric cancer. Finally, the association between the candidate gene and immune‐related genes was investigated. We found that GPNMB serves as an essential gene, with a high expression level, and predicts a worse outcome of gastric cancer. Knockdown of GPNMB inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration. In addition, GPNMB may augment the immunosuppressive ability of gastric cancer by recruiting immunosuppressive cells and promoting immune cell exhaustion through PI3K/AKT/CCL4 signaling axis. Collectively, these data suggest that GPNMB acts as an important positive mediator of tumor progression in gastric cancer, and GPNMB could exert multimodality modulation of gastric cancer‐mediated immune suppression.
Influence of Nutrition and Nonnutrition Factors on Pressure Injury Outcomes Among At-Risk Asian Nursing Home Residents.

OBJECTIVE Given evidence that malnutrition and immobility increase the risk of pressure injuries (PIs) in nursing home (NH) residents and that body mass index guidelines related to undernutrition may differ between Asian and non-Asian populations, the purpose of this study was to describe differences in overall nutrition, dietary intake, and nonnutrition risk factors for PIs between Asian and non-Asian NH residents. DESIGN AND SETTING Secondary data analysis of a 3-week PI prevention randomized controlled trial in seven Canadian NHs. PATIENTS Asian (n = 97) and non-Asian (n = 408) residents at moderate or high mobility-related risk of PI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incident PI by racial subgroups. MAIN RESULTS Asian residents (PI = 6) consumed significantly smaller meals and marginally different patterns of daily dietary consumption of protein types, liquid supplements, and snacks; took more frequent tub baths; and had marginally lower body mass index than non-Asian residents (PI = 4). CONCLUSIONS Findings are consistent with earlier research suggesting that nutrition consumption and care patterns may predispose Asian NH residents to develop more PIs than their non-Asian counterparts. Future research should focus on the threshold for and types of nutrition support sufficient to improve nutrition status and reduce PI risk.
Medical device development, from technical design to integrated product development

Abstract The development process of medical devices (MDs) implies the integration of knowledge and skills from the fields of medicine and engineering. Such an integration is difficult because of lack of communication, mismatch of priorities and work-style differences among those fields. Besides, MD development has particularities that make the product development process (PDP) even more complex such as high level of regulations, concurrent technologies application as well as different end users requirements. In addition, these MDs are classified according to the level of risk they offer to users – low, medium and high – what makes their development project very complex in practice depending on the risk associated. For the specific case of SMEs in the broad mechanical and electronic area that develop physical MD with low and medium-risk levels, PDP models in place have proved to be not well fit to the reality they face. This research objective is to synthesise a PDP model for SMEs in the specific medical sector, by incorporating the best practices of the engineering area and particularities of the medical area. The methodology used was an extensive bibliographic analysis and field research conducted towards SMEs in the MD industry.
Locus of control as a mediator of the association between attachment and children’s mental health

Abstract Locus of control—the expectation that one is in control of one’s outcomes in life—is linked to well-being. The authors explored one of the possible antecedents of locus of control such as secure children’s attachment. The hypothesis was that locus of control acts as a mediator of the association between children’s attachment and their mental health, in terms of depression, anxiety (internalizing problems), and aggression (externalizing problems). Participants were 206 children with ages ranging from 8 to 14 years. The authors obtained data from teachers as well as by self-report. Structural equations modelling yielded significant results for both a direct path from insecure attachment to internalizing problems and an indirect pathway in which locus of control functions as a mediating variable between children’s attachment and internalizing problems. Although the data were consistent with the mediated pathway with regard to internalizing problems, different findings emerged for aggression. Insecure attachment was a significant predictor of aggressive behavior, while locus of control was not a mediator between attachment and aggressive behavior. The authors’ findings confirm the mediating role of the locus of control between attachment and internalizing problems, but not between attachment and externalizing ones.
‘Cautiously optimistic’: Older parent-carers of adults with intellectual disabilities – Responses to the Care Act 2014

This article discusses potential opportunities for best practice in the United Kingdom that may be brought about by the Care Act (2014). Carers in the United Kingdom were given new rights within this legislation with a focus on needs led assessment. The underpinning philosophy of the Care Act is to streamline the previous legislation and offers a framework for carers and people in receipt of care, to enable a more personalized approach to care and support. Offering a discussion of likely opportunities brought about by provisions of the Care Act, this article draws on a small study involving older parent/carers of sons or daughters with intellectual disabilities. Exploring the extent to which such parents of adults with intellectual disabilities were aware of the details of this legislation and the potential impact it may have on their lives highlighted other significant areas, some of which are discussed below. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five parents over the age of 60 of sons or daughters with intellectual disabilities in North West England. The study adds to the body of knowledge and understanding about parents of adults with intellectual disabilities and explores and provides a deeper understanding of parents’ experiences of the implementation of this specific piece of legislation and their perception of the relevance of it to themselves. Findings include some awareness of the legislation and some feelings of optimism about its likely implications, although participants appeared less clear about the specificities and the impact of these upon them and/or their sons or daughters. Findings from the semi-structured interviews also showed parent’s articulation of the extent of reciprocal care manifest between them and their son or daughter with an intellectual disability, as well as an awareness of the fragility of their own emotional well-being.
Conjugates of PhthalocyaninesWith Oligonucleotides as Reagents for Sensitized or Catalytic DNAModification

1 Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia 2 Novosibirsk State University, Pyrogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia 3 Institute of Human Ecology, Sovetskii Avenue 18, Kemerovo 650099, Russia 4 Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue 13, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia 5 Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya 1/4, Moscow 103787, Russia
Rapid Publication Generation and Characterization of Urokinase Receptor-deficient Mice

Mice homozygously deficient for the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) receptor ( u-PAR 2/2 ) were generated by homologous recombination in D 3 embryonic stem cells. The genomic sequences comprising exon 2 through 5 of the u-PAR gene were replaced by the neomycin resistance gene, resulting in inactivation of both u-PAR splice variants. The inactivated u-PAR allele was transmitted via mendelian inheritance, and u-PAR 2/2 mice displayed normal viability, growth, and fertility. Inactivation of u-PAR was confirmed by the absence of binding of rabbit anti–murine u-PAR or of an aminoterminal fragment of murine u-PA (mu-PA.1-48) to u-PAR 2/2 embryonic fibroblasts and macrophages. u-PAR 2/2 mice displayed normal lysis of a murine plasma clot injected via the jugular vein. Invasion of macrophages into the peritoneal cavity after thioglycollate stimulation was similar in u-PAR 2/2 and u-PAR 1/1 mice. u-PAR 2/2 peritoneal macrophages had a threefold decreased initial rate of u-PA–mediated plasminogen activation in vitro but degraded extracellular matrix proteins in vitro as efficiently as u-PAR 1/1 macrophages. Thus, u-PAR 2/2 mice are viable, healthy, and fertile; they have a normal endogenous thrombolytic capacity but an impaired u-PA–mediated plasminogen activating potential. ( J. Clin. Invest. 1996. 97:870–878.)