Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Mediator Effect of Ethical Climate on the Relation between Ethical Leadership and Organizational Commitment

The concept of ethics should become a part of organization culture and is needed to be internalized by all employees. Organizational climate is a result of organizational culture and reflects the management style. For this reason, the acts of the leader could create ethical climate and consequently, commitment takes place among employees. In this article, a conceptual model was created to test the relationship between organizational commitment, and ethical leadership and ethical climate. Mediator role was analyzed in a relation between organizational climate, ethical leadership and organizational commitment by the hierarchical regression method. As a conclusion, this relation is found statistically significant.
Role configurations in young adulthood, antecedents, and later wellbeing among Finns born in 1966

The aim of this study was to identify latent classes of role configurations among Finnish cohort members born in 1966, based on education, employment, housing, marital status, and parenthood, and to investigate their antecedents and individual psychosocial wellbeing outcomes. Data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC66) (N= 11, 825) were used to identify the latent classes at the age of 25–26, together with register data on education, employment, partnership, and parenthood from official registers, and data from a postal questionnaire on living arrangements, administered at age 31, and used as proxies for the 25 to 26 year old situation. Four classes were identified by latent class analysis. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the classes’ association with their antecedent conditions and logistic/ordered logistic regression with their wellbeing outcomes.
THE ROLE OF AUDIT BUREAU IN ERADICATING FINANCIAL CORRUPTION IN LIBYA

Abstrak: Peran Biro Audit dalam Memberantas Korupsi di Libya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami peran anggota Biro Audit Pemerintah dalam pemberantasan korupsi keuangan di Libya, melalui langkah-langkah yang diperlukan dalam tugas audit serta semua perubahan yang mempengaruhi audit tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui observasi partisipan dan wawancara pada enam informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan temuan bahwa terdapat kelemahan pemahaman fungsi auditor. Biro Audit Pemerintah belum memiliki sertifikat berstandar internasional untuk pengawasan, dan mengabaikan pemberian pelatihan yang diperlukan kepada para auditor untuk memenuhi kualifikasi mereka. Abstract: The Role of Audit Bureau in eradicating financial corruption in Libya. Auditing has become an important and integral function of the organization in achieving its goals and protecting its assets. This study aims to understand the role of members of the State Audit Bureau (SAB) in combating financial corruption in Libya, through the necessary steps in the task of auditing and the changes that affect them. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method through participant observation and interviews with six informants. The results showed that there were weaknesses in understanding auditor function. The SAB does not possess a certificate of international control standard and ignores the provision of the necessary training to auditors to fulfil qualification as auditors.
N ov 2 01 8 Few-photon Fock-state wavepacket interacting with a cavity-atom system in a waveguide : Exact quantum state dynamics

In the paper, we employ a wavefunction approach to investigate the evolution of a two-photon wavepacket propagating in a one-dimensional waveguide coupled to the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) system. We derive and solve, both analytically and numerically, a set of equations of motion governing the quantum state of the system. That allows us to provide real-time analysis of the evolution of the wavepacket two-photon joint spectrum (2PJS) and the excitation dynamics of the JC system in the course of its interaction with the two-photon pulse. We demonstrate that the 2PJS and the spectrum of the wavepacket scattered from the JC system experience transformation for nonzero atom-cavity couplings. Moreover, using Schmidt decomposition, we show that the scattered photons feature frequency entanglement contrary to the incident ones which are not entangled.
GPS Signal Short-Term Propagation Characteristics Modeling in Urban Areas for Precise Navigation Applications

GPS navigation signal includes vital information such as orbital parameters, clock error coefficients etc. This received signal which is extremely weak is affected by several errors during its propagation and is of the order of 10-16 W. The noise floor of this signal is 400 times higher than the transmitted signal. The situation becomes much worse particularly when the GPS receiver is located at urban areas where the multipath effect is predominant in the code and carrier phase measurements. GPS usage is not limited to the aircraft en-route navigation and missile guidance where the user receives the satellite signals from the open sky. At the present time, it has become an essential utility in the car navigation, mobile phones, surveying and aircraft landing application. The signal propagation characteristics particularly the short-term variations severely affect the quality, availability and continuity of the system. In this paper, short-term propagation characteristics of GPS signal are modeled and analyzed. Short-term variations are mainly due to multipath reflections and Doppler shift which degrades the quality of received signal particularly in urban environments. The variation of signal quality with respect to user velocity is observed using Rayleigh and Rician fading models.
Development of a 10-year ( 2001 – 2010 ) 0 . 1 ◦ data set of land-surface energy balance for mainland China

In the absence of high-resolution estimates of the components of surface energy balance for China, we developed an algorithm based on the surface energy balance system (SEBS) to generate a data set of land-surface energy and water fluxes on a monthly timescale from 2001 to 2010 at a 0.1× 0.1 spatial resolution by using multi-satellite and meteorological forcing data. A remote-sensing-based method was developed to estimate canopy height, which was used to calculate roughness length and flux dynamics. The landsurface flux data set was validated against “ground-truth” observations from 11 flux tower stations in China. The estimated fluxes correlate well with the stations’ measurements for different vegetation types and climatic conditions (average bias = 11.2 Wm, RMSE = 22.7 Wm). The quality of the data product was also assessed against the GLDAS data set. The results show that our method is efficient for producing a high-resolution data set of surface energy flux for the Chinese landmass from satellite data. The validation results demonstrate that more accurate downward long-wave radiation data sets are needed to be able to estimate turbulent fluxes and evapotranspiration accurately when using the surface energy balance model. Trend analysis of land-surface radiation and energy exchange fluxes revealed that the Tibetan Plateau has undergone relatively stronger climatic change than other parts of China during the last 10 years. The capability of the data set to provide spatial and temporal information on water-cycle and land–atmosphere interactions for the Chinese landmass is examined. The product is free to download for studies of the water cycle and environmental change in China.
‘Off the radar:’ the framing of speech, language and communication in the description of children with special educational needs in literacy.

This paper considers how pre-service primary teachers in England (trainees) are supported to work with children with special educational needs (SEN) using a personalized learning task. The focus, in particular, considers how speech, language and communication skills are foregrounded in the reports describing children with moderate learning difficulties including difficulties with literacy. The context recognizes the importance of pupils’ spoken and receptive language development and the prevalence of children categorized as having speech, language and communication needs (SLCN) and the educational, social and emotional impact of this disability. However analysis of sixty five reports identified only four children with SLCN. In contrast eighteen 5-7 year old children were identified who were struggling with literacy. Analysis was conducted on this sub-set due to the close links between reading development and spoken language skills. The analysis explored the question ‘what do trainees’ descriptions of literacy reveal about their understanding of speech, language and communication? ’ Results revealed that speech, language and communication skills were referred to only briefly and with some limitations in understanding. Further analysis explored the task design and considered to what extent it supports trainees in referring to knowledge about speech, language and communication in practice. The article concludes that the personalized learning task could be adapted to ensure greater development of knowledge of speech, language and communication and the role of teacher talk. It considers the challenges posed for mentoring where the prevailing social semiotics of the classroom emphasizes performativity (Ball, 2003) over a more holistic view of children.
Home range size and overlap in female root voles: effects of season and density

In small mammals living in highly seasonal environments, observational studies show that female home range size and exclusiveness are smaller in the nonbreeding winter season than in the breeding summer season. This has led to the notion that nonbreeding females are more social and decrease territorial behavior during winter. However, because territoriality decreases with increasing population density, and density normally increases during the breeding season, the effects of density and season on social structure are usually confounded. To find out which of the 2 factors explains space use, we experimentally established 3 high-density and 3 low-density root vole (Microtus oeconomus) populations in late spring and monitored the populations into the nonbreeding winter season. Population sizes were controlled throughout the breeding period to minimize seasonal variation in density. Home range sizes were larger in founder females than in field-born females but did not change with season or density. Area exclusively used by individual females was lower in winter than summer, and founder females decreased exclusiveness as density increased. We argue that this seasonal pattern of space use might be caused by variation in benefits of group living, whereas founder females also responded to density-dependent competition by reducing area exclusively used. Copyright 2008, Oxford University Press.
Encounters of the dust trails of comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusakova with Venus in 2006

Aims. We aim to investigate the dynamical fate of meteoroids ejected during past perihelion passages of comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusakova that intersect the orbit of Venus. Of particular interest is the possibility, borne of previous work, that a significant flux of these particles will reach the planet during early June and late August 2006, when the Venus Express spacecraft will be operating in orbit around Venus. Methods. We have simulated the generation of meteoroid trails ejected by the comet at some past perihelion passages, and numericaly integrated them forward in time until they approach Venus in 2006. Results. On the inbound leg of the comet's path towards perihelion, we find a trail composed of dust particles ejected between 1943 and 1980 that encounters Venus on 9 June 2006 at a distance of 0.009 AU. On the outbound leg, we observe a dense trail of particles ejected between 1985 and 2001 that measures 3.4 × 10−4 AU (5 × 104 km) in half-width, and passes under the planet at a distance of 1.72 × 10−3 AU (2.6 × 105 km) on 30 August. Based on these results, we conclude that, on both occasions, the incident flux at Venus will likely be too low to allow for the detection of a shower by optical means. We discuss the circumstances under which Venus Express may encounter a significant flux of small particles detectable through impact ionization or disturbances in the interplanetary magnetic field.
Comparisons of WRF/Chem simulations in Mexico City with ground-based RAMA measurements during the 2006-MILAGRO

Simulations using the fully coupled WRF/Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting - Chemistry) model at 3-km resolution in Mexico City have been performed to ex- amine the temperature, relative humidity, wind, and gaseous criteria pollutants (CO, O3, NO, NO2, and NOy) during the MCMA-2006/MILAGRO field campaign. Comparison of the model simulations with measurements from the ground- based air quality monitoring network (RAMA) is presented. The model resolves reasonably well the observed surface temperature, relative humidity and wind speed; however, large discrepancies are identified between the simulated and the observed surface wind direction for wind speeds be- low 2 m s 1 . The simulated chemical species concentra- tions (CO, O3, NO, NO2, and NOy) compare favorably with the observations. Simulated O3 concentrations agree espe- cially well with the observations. The simulated 10 VOC species compare generally favorably with the observations at the T0 supersite although lower correlation coefficients and larger biases exist for propene, acetone and propanal, iso- prene, and c10-aromatics when compared to the other VOC species. The model performs much better during daytime than nighttime for both chemical species and meteorological variables, although the model tends to underestimate day- time temperature and relative humidity. Simulations using combinations of the available PBL schemes and land surface models (LSMs) do not show a preferred combination in re- producing the observations. The simulated meteorological fields under the O 3-South, O3-North and EI Norte weather episodes exhibit similar correlation coefficients and biases for the same variable. However, the model performs well for the O3-South episode but inferiorly for the El Norte events in resolving the observed chemical species.
MEASURES AND INDICATORS OF VGI QUALITY: AN OVERVIEW

The evaluation of VGI quality has been a very interesting and popular issue amongst academics and researchers. Various metrics and indicators have been proposed for evaluating VGI quality elements. Various efforts have focused on the use of well-established methodologies for the evaluation of VGI quality elements against authoritative data. In this paper, a number of research papers have been reviewed and summarized in a detailed report on measures for each spatial data quality element. Emphasis is given on the methodology followed and the data used in order to assess and evaluate the quality of the VGI datasets. However, as the use of authoritative data is not always possible many researchers have turned their focus on the analysis of new quality indicators that can function as proxies for the understanding of VGI quality. In this paper, the difficulties in using authoritative datasets are briefly presented and new proposed quality indicators are discussed, as recorded through the literature review. We classify theses new indicators in four main categories that relate with: i) data, ii) demographics, iii) socio-economic situation and iv) contributors. This paper presents a dense, yet comprehensive overview of the research on this field and provides the basis for the ongoing academic effort to create a practical quality evaluation method through the use of appropriate quality indicators.
Five Star-forming Cores in the Galactic Ring Survey: A Mid-Infrared Study

We have imaged five dense molecular cores, selected from the Galactic Ring Survey (GRS), in the mid-infrared with the MIRAC3 instrument. We obtained high spatial resolution (~1'') images through narrowband filters at 12.5 and 20.6 μm. Four of the five cores show multiple compact sources, extended structure, or both. Lower resolution observations by the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) and the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) suggest that the fifth core is also surrounded by extended emission on large scales (≳2'). The extended mid-infrared structure is well-correlated with the radio continuum morphology in each of the five cores. This similarity suggests that the hot dust traced by the mid-infrared is located within the H II region, traced by the radio continuum, and not merely in a surrounding photodissociation region or molecular cloud. If a single exciting source is assumed for each core, estimates of the zero-age main-sequence spectral types based on the infrared luminosities are typically 1-2 spectral types earlier than those based on the radio free-free emission. However, allowing for multiple exciting sources and apportioning the far-infrared and radio fluxes to the component sources according to the mid-infrared flux distribution produces better agreement between the derived spectral types, with an average difference of less than half a spectral type.
Rainfall trends over 40 years in the Cobres River basin, Portugal: variability and impacts

RICHARDE MARQUES DA SILVA1, CELSO A. G. SANTOS1, MADALENA MOREIRA2, JOAO CORTE-REAL2 & ROBERTA DE CARVALHO BARBOSA1 1 Federal University of Paraiba, Department of Geosciences, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil richarde@geociencias.ufpb. br, celso@ct.ufpb. br 2 Institute of Mediterranean Agrarian and Environmental Sciences (ICAAM), Group Water, Soil and Climate, University of Evora, Nucleo da Mitra, 7002-774 Evora, Portugal
Regularity of dynamical Green’s functions

For meromorphic maps of complex manifolds, ergodic theory and pluripotential theory are closely related. In nice enough situations, dynamically defined Green's functions give rise to invariant currents which intersect to yield measures of maximal entropy. 'Nice enough' is often a condition on the regularity of the Green's function. In this paper we look at a variety of regularity properties that have been considered for dynamical Green's functions. We simplify and extend some known results and prove several others which are new. We also give some examples indicating the limits of what one can hope to achieve in complex dynamics by relying solely on the regularity of a dynamical Green's function.
Model-Based Reinforcement Learning for Playing Atari Games

In this project, we explore the domain of modelbased reinforcement learning applied to playing Atari games from images. Recently, search-based methods such as AlphaGo have proven to be effective for complex and long-term planning in games such as Go. In a general setting, we do not have a perfect model of an environment such as in Go, but recent work has also explored building predictive models for Atari games using video frames. This project thus proposes an integrated methodology that employs model-based control in conjunction with a deeper investigation of existing search algorithms. We used the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE) to perform both data collection and evaluation, and implemented both a model-free policy gradient agent and a predictive model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to serve as a model for a planning algorithm based on tree search. We evaluate our methods against a human benchmark and DQN on two simple games. While we were unable to outperform DQN, we were able to surpass human performance in Pong using the policy gradient method and MCTS. Our results demonstrate that MCTS shows promise and potential for planning in reinforcement learning tasks.
How well does your sampler really work?

We present a new data-driven benchmark system to evaluate the performance of new MCMC samplers. Taking inspiration from the COCO benchmark in optimization, we view this task as having critical importance to machine learning and statistics given the rate at which new samplers are proposed. The common hand-crafted examples to test new samplers are unsatisfactory; we take a meta-learning-like approach to generate benchmark examples from a large corpus of data sets and models. Surrogates of posteriors found in real problems are created using highly flexible density models including modern neural network based approaches. We provide new insights into the real effective sample size of various samplers per unit time and the estimation efficiency of the samplers per sample. Additionally, we provide a meta-analysis to assess the predictive utility of various MCMC diagnostics and perform a nonparametric regression to combine them.
Overview of Venus orbiter ,

M. Nakamura1, T. Imamura1, N. Ishii1, T. Abe1, T. Satoh1, M. Suzuki1, M. Ueno1, A. Yamazaki1, N. Iwagami2, S. Watanabe3, M. Taguchi4, T. Fukuhara3, Y. Takahashi3, M. Yamada1, N. Hoshino5, S. Ohtsuki1, K. Uemizu1, G. L. Hashimoto6, M. Takagi2, Y. Matsuda7, K. Ogohara1, N. Sato7, Y. Kasaba5, T. Kouyama2, N. Hirata8, R. Nakamura9, Y. Yamamoto1, N. Okada1, T. Horinouchi10, M. Yamamoto11, and Y. Hayashi12
The role of ambiguity and discrepancy in the early phases of innovation

Innovation literature mainly focuses on eliminating ambiguity and discrepancy from the early phases of innovation. This study questions this implicit assumption, as it may provide an oversimplified view on, how to attain proficiency. Instead of narrowly focusing on reducing ambiguity and discrepancy, we seek to understand if it might be there for a reason. Through a laboratory experiment, we propose ambiguity and discrepancy actually have a function in concept development. Accordingly the paper contributes with a better understanding of, the role ambiguity and discrepancy as triggers of sense making in conceptualisation in the early phases of innovation.
Fabrication of High-Power AlGaN/GaN Schottky Barrier Diode with Field Plate Design

In this letter, we demonstrate high-performance AlGaN/GaN planar Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) on the silicon substrate with field plate structure for increasing breakdown voltage VB. A low turn-on resistance RON (3.55 mΩ-cm2), low reverse leakage current (< 0.1 μA) at -100 V, and high reverse breakdown voltage VB (> 1.1 kV) SBD has been fabricated. A virgin SBD exhibited a breakdown voltage (measured at 1 mA/mm) of 615 V, and with the field plate technology device exhibited a breakdown voltage (measured at 1 mA/mm) of 1525 V (the anode–cathode distance was LAC = 40 μm). Devices without the field plate design exhibit a Baliga’s figure of merit of VB/ RON = 60.2 MW/cm2, whereas devices with the field plate design show a Baliga’s figure of merit of VB/ RON = 340.9 MW/cm (the anode–cathode distance was LAC = 20 μm). Keywords—AlGaN/GaN heterostructure, silicon substrate, Schottky barrier diode, high breakdown voltage, field plate, Baliga’s figure-of-merit.