Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tractable algorithms for proximity search on large graphs

Identifying the nearest neighbors of a node in a graph is a key ingredient in a diverse set of ranking problems, e.g. friend suggestion in social networks, keyword search in databases, web-spam detection etc. For finding these "near" neighbors, we need graph theoretic measures of similarity or proximity. Most popular graph-based similarity measures, e.g. length of shortest path, the number of common neighbors etc., look at the paths between two nodes in a graph. One such class of similarity measures arise from random walks. In the context of using these measures, we identify and address two important problems. First, we note that, while random walk based measures are useful, they are often hard to compute. Hence we focus on designing tractable algorithms for faster and better ranking using random walk based proximity measures in large graphs. Second, we theoretically justify why path-based similarity measures work so well in practice. For the first problem, we focus on improving the quality and speed of nearest neighbor search in real-world graphs. This work consists of three main components: first we present an algorithmic framework for computing nearest neighbors in truncated hitting and commute times, which are proximity measures based on short term random walks. Second, we improve upon this ranking by incorporating user feedback, which can counteract ambiguities in queries and data. Third, we address the problem of nearest neighbor search when the underlying graph is too large to fit in main memory. We also prove a number of interesting theoretical properties of these measures, which have been key to designing most of the algorithms in this thesis. We address the second problem by bringing together a well known generative model for link formation, and geometric intuitions. As a measure of the quality of ranking, we examine link prediction, which has been the primary tool for evaluating the algorithms in this thesis. Link prediction has been extensively studied in prior empirical surveys. Our work helps us better understand some common trends in the predictive performance of different measures seen across these empirical results.
The Influence of Comprehensibility on Interest and Comprehension

Abstract. Comprehensibility (readability) is understood as the ease with which a certain reader can conduct the processes needed to comprehend a certain text in a certain situation. Comprehensibility is a special form of fluency and has been shown to have a considerable influence on comprehension. Based on fluency theory and the four-phase model of interest development, hypotheses are derived regarding the positive influence of comprehensibility on comprehension, interestingness, and interest. A study with N = 302 university students and 15 texts showed substantial effects of comprehensibility on all dependent variables, regardless of which of three instruments was used to assess comprehensibility: one of two comprehensibility questionnaires or the LIX readability formula. The results highlight the importance of fluency for the design of learning materials.
Photo Activity on Social Networking Sites and Body Dissatisfaction: The Roles of Thin-Ideal Internalization and Body Appreciation

Objective: According to sociocultural theory, media is associated with detrimental effects on body image. Due to the popularity of social networking sites (SNS) and the prevalence of body image disturbance among young women, the association between them is worth further exploration. This study examined the relationship between photo activity on SNS and body dissatisfaction (BD) and the roles of thin-ideal internalization (TII) and body appreciation (BA) in this relation. Materials and Methods: A total of 746 Chinese female undergraduate students (mean age 20.34 ± 1.47 years) completed a questionnaire measuring SNS photo activity, TII, BD, and BA. Results: (1) Photo activity on SNS was positively associated with BD (r = 0.10, p < 0.01), and TII could mediate this relation (β = 0.07, 95% CI = [0.04, 0.10]). (2) Both the direct effect of SNS photo activity on BD (β = −0.08, p < 0.05) and the mediating effect of TII (β = −0.09, p < 0.01) were moderated by BA. Specifically, these associations were more pronounced for students with lower BA. Conclusion: People exposed to ideal photos or images can shape women’s body image perception via TII, whether in the age of traditional media or the Internet, and BA did not buffer the effect of ideal photos on internalization. Our findings could provide practical suggestions for rational photo activity on SNS and the intervention for BD.
Microbial Community, Metabolic Potential and Seasonality of Endosphere Microbiota Associated with Leaves of the Bioenergy Tree Paulownia elongata × fortunei

The microbial structure and metabolic function of plant-associated endophytes play a key role in the ecology of various environments, including trees. Here, the structure and functional profiles of the endophytic bacterial community, associated with Paulownia elongata × fortunei, in correlation with seasonality, were evaluated using Biolog EcoPlates. Biolog EcoPlates was used to analyse the functional diversity of the microbiome. The total communities of leaf endophyte communities were investigated using 16S rRNA V5–V7 region amplicon deep sequencing via Illumina MiSeq. Community level physiological profiling (CLPP) analysis by the Biolog EcoPlate™ assay revealed that the carboxylic acids (19.67–36.18%) and amino acids (23.95–35.66%) were preferred by all by all communities, whereas amines and amides (0.38–9.46%) were least used. Seasonal differences in substrate use were also found. Based on the sequencing data, mainly phyla Proteobacteria (18.4–97.1%) and Actinobacteria (2.29–78.7%) were identified. A core microbiome could be found in leaf-associated endophytic communities in trees growing in different locations. This work demonstrates the application of Biolog EcoPlates in studies of the functional diversity of microbial communities in a niche other than soil and shows how it can be applied to the functional analyses of endomicrobiomes. This research can contribute to the popularisation of Biolog EcoPlates for the functional analysis of the endomicrobiome. This study confirms that the analysis of the structure and function of the plant endophytic microbiome plays a key role in the health control and the development of management strategies on bioenergy tree plantations.
Continuance Intention of Massive Open Online Course Learners in Higher Education: A Sustainable Development Initiative

This study focuses on higher education institutions in Metro Manila, Philippines, with their initiative to use and adopt Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) by analyzing the continuance intention to use MOOC platforms among students or learners. This recently gained popularity due to emergency remote learning in Metro Manila, the pandemic’s epicenter. This study also aims to understand the transformative impact of MOOC education on traditional and online learning. In addition, the study utilized survey research with 122 MOOC learners via purposive sampling, given the nature and composition of the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using the structural equation modeling-path analysis to substantiate the hypotheses using the extended Technology Acceptance Model. The relationship between attitude to continuance intention and continuance intention to transformative impact was significant. However, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and motivation were insignificant. It can be implied from the study the changing values of learners and students during the pandemic. Learning should not be an option but a way of life regardless of the circumstances and complement traditional learning. Finally, the study shows that the integration of MOOCs is the next big thing in global education, an impact on the school’s contribution to sustainable development goals through MOOC coverage by identifying the continuance intention among students and learners.
Positive estimation of the between-study variance in meta-analysis : theory and methods

Positive estimators of the between-study variance are proposed. Explicit variance formulae for the estimators are given and approximate confidence intervals for the between-group variance are constructed, thus helping to partly solve a long outstanding and open problem. By Monte Carlo simulation, the bias and standard deviation of the proposed estimators are compared with a standard estimator in meta-analysis. Attained confidence coefficients of the constructed confidence intervals are also presented. To illustrate the application of the proposed procedures, three examples are given, the first is from agriculture, the other two are from clinical trials with normal and binary outcomes, respectively.
Determinants of NPLs of Self-Help Group-Bank Linkage Program in India: Empirical Evidences and Policy Implications

This article examines the major factors influencing the non-performing loans (NPLs) of the Self-Help Group-Bank Linkage Program (SHG-BLP) in India at both macro- and micro-levels. A panel regression analysis of the state-level data shows that the total outstanding loan amount, average loan size per SHG and poverty rate exert positive impacts, whereas gross state domestic product has a negative effect on gross non-performing loans (GNPLs). Analysis of primary data indicated a higher incidence of loan default by SHG members. Logit regression analysis employed on primary data suggests that the loan default by SHG members is positively associated with age and experience because of higher family responsibility and lesser incentive to repay the loan. On the other hand, self-employment, levels of income and savings show negative relations with loan default. Self-employed SHG members and those who make some savings are less likely to default on loans. Similarly, higher-income groups show less chance to default on loans. An analysis of the perceptions of the SHG members reveals that poor economic conditions, non-cooperation among members, social and medical expenses, and expectations of loan waiver from the government are the main reasons for loan defaults.
Love Addiction, Emotional Dysregulation and Attachment Bonds: A Quantitative Study of 344 Females

Abstract “Love Addiction” is a condition that several authors have suggested to consider as a behavioral addiction toward an object of romantic love. Although in the literature it is often suggested that attachment issues and emotional dysregulation are at the root of this condition, no empirical research seems to have been conducted to confirm it. We aim to close this gap, through a study examining the relationship between love addiction, adult and childhood attachment and emotional dysregulation. The research involved a clinical group of 155 women and a 189-women control group. The clinical group reported significantly higher levels of emotional dysregulation and alexithymia, parental control, and preoccupied attachment, and lower levels of parental care. Many different patterns of correlation, as well as eight causal models, among the several measures were observed in the two groups. The results seem to suggest that the development of love addiction is conditioned by negative experiences of childhood and adult attachment, as well as by the mediating role of emotional dysregulation and alexithymia.
Glutamatergic and N-Acetylaspartate Metabolites in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies

The exact neurobiological mechanisms of bipolar disorder (BD) remain unknown. However, some neurometabolites could be implicated, including Glutamate (Glu), Glutamine (Gln), Glx, and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) allows one to quantify these metabolites in the human brain. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to compare their levels between BD patients and healthy controls (HC). The main inclusion criteria for inclusion were 1H-MRS studies comparing levels of Glu, Gln, Glx, and NAA in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and hippocampi between patients with BD in clinical remission or a major depressive episode and HC. Thirty-three studies were included. NAA levels were significantly lower in the left white matter PFC (wmPFC) of depressive and remitted BD patients compared to controls and were also significantly higher in the left dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) of depressive BD patients compared to HC. Gln levels were significantly higher in the ACC of remitted BD patients compared to in HC. The decreased levels of NAA of BD patients may be related to the alterations in neuroplasticity and synaptic plasticity found in BD patients and may explain the deep white matter hyperintensities frequently observed via magnetic resonance imagery.
Ecological risk assessment of metallic nanoparticles on the marine environments: Species sensitivity distributions analysis

Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly being used and inevitably entering the marine environment. Therefore, the adverse effects of NPs on individual marine species have attracted increasing attentions. However, to date, the ecological risks of NPs on the marine ecosystem remain poorly understood. In this study, species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were constructed for Ag, ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs to understand their ecotoxicity to the marine ecosystem and the contribution of size effect and ion effect to the nanotoxicity. Furthermore, a case study on the assessment of marine ecological risk and marine environment carrying capacity of metallic NPs was performed in Jiaozhou Bay, China. The results showed the toxicity of metallic NPs to marine species following the order of Ag > ZnO > CuO > TiO2. Both size effect and ion effect contributed to the toxicity of NPs. Environmental concentrations of Ag, ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs are much lower than the predicted no-effect concentrations, indicating that these metallic NPs have not yet posed risks to the marine ecosystem based on currently limited measured environmental concentrations of metallic NPs in seawater. And the marine environment carrying capacity of Ag, ZnO, CuO, and TiO2 NPs in Jiaozhou Bay seawater were determined to be 5.03, 8.72, 93.06, and 629.79 t, respectively. The results help us understand the ecological risk of NPs in marine environments and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development of nanotechnology.
Evaluating the Impact of Direct Taxes on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Jordan

Existing literature reports contradictory findings about the impact of direct and indirect taxes on economic growth of different economies. In this regard, the objective of the current research is to investigate the impact of direct taxes on the economic growth of Jordan. GDP is considered an indicator of economic growth, so the impact of direct taxes is evaluated using the GDP of Jordan. The study has adopted a quantitative research approach using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique. The findings of the study indicate that direct taxes (DT) have a significant negative effect on the economic growth of Jordan. This current research has significant implications for the Jordanian government and the policymakers of the Jordanian economy, and it is recommended that they should make significant modifications in levying direct taxes in a way that will contribute positively to the economic development of the country.
Pulmonary resident memory T cells in respiratory virus infection and their inspiration on therapeutic strategies

The immune system generates memory cells on infection with a virus for the first time. These memory cells play an essential role in protection against reinfection. Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells can be generated in situ once attacked by pathogens. TRM cells dominate the defense mechanism during early stages of reinfection and have gradually become one of the most popular focuses in recent years. Here, we mainly reviewed the development and regulation of various TRM cell signaling pathways in the respiratory tract. Moreover, we explored the protective roles of TRM cells in immune response against various respiratory viruses, such as Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and influenza. The complex roles of TRM cells against SARS-CoV-2 infection are also discussed. Current evidence supports the therapeutic strategies targeting TRM cells, providing more possibilities for treatment. Rational utilization of TRM cells for therapeutics is vital for defense against respiratory viruses.
Development of 10 MN Hydraulic-amplification Force Standard Machine and establishment of metrological standard

This paper mainly describes the structure principle, performance characteristic, main technical index, uncertainty evaluation and the metrological standard establishment of 10 MN hydraulic-amplification force standard machine. The force value range of the force standard machine is 200kN ∼10MN, which is reproduced by divided into two spans: 200kN ∼1MN and 1MN∼10MN. Its repeatability of indication is 0.015%, and the maximum allowable error of indication is ±0.03%.
Key Examine for Visit Intention on Gastronomy Tourism

In recent decades, gastronomy tourism has increased in popularity among visitors and host countries, and it is now one of the most essential factors for travellers when choosing a location. Gastronomy tourism is now categorised as a niche market. The purpose of this research is to determine what factors impact visitors' decisions to visit Kelantan's culinary tourism. The relationship between the independent variables of meal pricing, food presentation, and ambiance, as well as the dependent variable of intention to visit, will be investigated in this study. This study used a quantitative technique, with 400 responses collected via an online questionnaire from people who had visited Kelantan at least once. Because 10 straight-lining replies were removed, 390 responses were submitted to smartpls data analysis. According to the findings, meal pricing, food presentation, and ambience have a direct impact on tourists' intentions to attend gastronomy tourism.
Hypothesis: Mutations and Immunosurveillance in Obesity-Associated Colorectal Cancer

Tumorigenesis typically requires the accumulation of several driver gene mutations; therefore, there is a mutation threshold for the completion of the neoplastic process. Obesity increases the risk of cancer, and we have proposed that one mechanism whereby obesity raises the risk of microsatellite stable (MSS) colon cancer is by decreasing the mutation threshold. Therefore, obese MSS colon cancer patients should exhibit fewer driver gene mutations compared to normal body-mass index (BMI) patients. Our hypothesis is supported by results from analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, which revealed that cancer genomes of obese MSS colon patients exhibit both fewer somatic mutations and fewer driver gene mutations. These findings could be explained by the high levels of obesity-associated cytokines and factors, the signaling pathways of which substitute for the additional driver gene mutations detected in normal-weight MSS colon cancer patients. Therefore, obesity-induced aberrant cell signaling might cooperate with initiating driver gene mutations to promote neoplastic development. Consistent with this possibility, we observed a lower number of KRAS mutations in high-BMI MSS colon cancer patients. This paper extends our hypothesis to address the interactions between obesity, immune surveillance in neoplastic development, and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. A better understanding of these interactions will inform future preventive and therapeutic approaches against MSS CRC. We propose that the individual variations in the major histocompatibility class 1 (MHC-1) genotype interact with obesity to shape the tumor mutational landscape. Thus, the efficiency of the immune surveillance mechanisms to select against specific mutations may depend on both the MHC-1 genotype variant and the BMI of an individual. A high BMI is expected to reduce the number of driver gene mutations required to evade the MHC-1 surveillance mechanism and support an accelerated cancer progression.
KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL TEKNOLOGI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN VIRTUAL DI KOTA TANGERANG

This study was conducted to determine how communication process of Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) and communication disorders in virtual learning at SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang during COVID-19 Pandemic. Study technology in the context of social science is about the meaning of technology for students and teachers and how they respond to, and adapt to, the presence of technology. This study uses case study methods. The data collection techniques used were observation and in-depth interview. Purposive sampling method was used to take samples and for data analysis using the Miles and Huberman interactive analysis model. The result shows that an implementation of virtual learning activities at SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang applies SCOT in the formation of social technology to explore forms of virtual learning during COVID 19 pandemic. SCOT means that technology is not determined by technology design but there is an interaction between technology and its users. namely teachers and students. Thus, the desired instructional outcomes are created. However, the availability of the internet and problematic communication media have also become a nuisance in virtual learning.
“Soft Protein Corona” as the Stabilizer of the Methionine-Coated Silver Nanoparticles in the Physiological Environment: Insights into the Mechanism of the Interaction

The study of the interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and proteins has had a pivotal role in facilitating the understanding of biological effects and safe application of NPs after exposure to the physiological environment. Herein, for the first time, the interaction between L-methionine capped silver nanoparticles (AgMet), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is investigated in order to predict the fate of AgMet after its contact with the most abundant blood transport protein. The detailed insights into the mechanism of interaction were achieved using different physicochemical techniques. The UV/Vis, TEM, and DLS were used for the characterization of the newly formed “entity”, while the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were utilized to describe the adsorption process. Additionally, the fluorescence quenching and synchronous fluorescence studies enabled the prediction of the binding affinity and gave us insight into the influence of the adsorption on the conformation state of the BSA. According to the best of our knowledge, for the first time, we show that BSA can be used as an external stabilizer agent which is able to induce the peptization of previously agglomerated AgMet. We believe that the obtained results could contribute to further improvement of AgNPs’ performances as well as to the understanding of their in vivo behavior, which could contribute to their potential use in preclinical research studies.