Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Relationship Between Physical and Virtual Representations of Transit Agencies

Abstract This study examines whether physical attributes of transit agencies, such as agency size, make a difference in how transit websites are designed, and how transit information is distributed. The objective of this study is to see if there is a relationship between physical and virtual representations of transit agencies. A rating instrument is developed for evaluating the quality of transit websites. Our findings suggest that transit agency size plays a key role in determining website quality: When the size of transit system is large, the information about the agency is too complex to be effectively presented on web pages. Thus, the quality of the large agencies’ websites is lower than medium-sized agencies. Instead, we find that large agencies attempt to design more user-friendly sites, and provide advanced information searching tools to compensate for low information quality. Policy implications for transit agencies are discussed.
A planning tool for maximising transit services

Transit is important for urban sustainable development, but the cost of providing transit services is high. Strategic planning for a public transit system is necessary to maximise the return of public investment. We develop a planning tool to aid decision-making about service area, using optimisation techniques for the Prize-Collecting Salesman problem and the concept of hierarchy of travel needs. We demonstrate the usefulness of the model for maximising service area under a given budget constraint and socioeconomic conditions, and suggest future research directions.
11·6 GHz rain attenuation measurements in Peru

This paper presents the results of a Ku-band propagation experiment conducted in a high-rainfall-rate region in Peru. Sky noise measurements were made with an 11·6 GHz radiometer over a period of 18 months. Simultaneous rainfall was also recorded with a tipping bucket rain-gauge. The paper describes the experimental equipment, the characteristics of the measurement site, and the results obtained from the experiment in the form of long-term distributions of rain rate and path attenuation. Duration statistics of attenuation are also presented. In the absence of an absolute calibration of the radiometer in terms of the path attenuation, selection of the best medium temperature to be used poses a problem. For comparison, sky noise to path attenuation conversion was done with two medium temperatures, 280 and 290 K. When compared with model predictions, 290 K seems to be more appropriate for the climate concerned. Both the attenuation and fade duration statistics are found to follow a lognormal distribution fairly closely.
Research on Technology Oriented Framework of Aspects Extraction from Customer Reviews

As e-business develops rapidly, more and more product information and product reviews are posted on the Internet. These contents will have a great significance for companies and consumers. This paper focus on customer reviews of product, and construct a technology oriented research framework for the sentiment analysis. Further more an improved theoretical framework of aspects extraction is proposed, which based on products feature mining issues from customer reviews. This two theoretical framework can help researchers acquire supported valuable data for additional researches including the study of behavioral.
Effects of Microseismic Station Location on Source Location Accuracy in Microseismic Monitoring

The deviation of microseismic station location will affect the microseismic source location accuracy in microseismic monitoring. The relationship between microseismic station location deviation and source location accuracy is studied in the paper. A global optimization algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO), is used to search for the source location. Results show that PSO method is good. The source location error increases with the microseismic station location error. The relationship between them is nonlinear. The microseismic sources outside the microseismic station array are more sensitive to the microseismic station location deviation than inside the microseismic station array. The bigger the microseismic station location error, the greater the difference. Therefore, when the microseismic source is outside the microseismic station array, it is more necessary to ensure the accuracy of microseismic station location.
Posture Targeting: A Technique for Recording Working Postures

Abstract A technique is described for recording whole body postures by making ten marks on a chart, these marks indicating the positions of the head, trunk, upper and Sower limbs with reference to a standard position. Training in the technique was given to groups of subjects, including 32 work study practitioners, and tests of accuracy and repeatability conducted. The procedure was found to be easy to learn, highly repeatable and accurate except where postures were held for short periods and not repeated.
Modelling and fatigue life assessment of complex structures

This paper presents some of the motivations and main conclusions from a series of joint Nordic research initiatives in which an integrated research approach to the development of future generations of advanced fabricated structures have been employed. The integrated research approach includes coordinated efforts in several key technologies: high‐speed welding processes, high strength materials, cost‐effective NDE, post‐weld treatments and FE‐based design assessment tools. Traditionally, fatigue assessment methods for welded structures have been developed based on small‐scale test specimens and verification studies for large structures are rarely published. Applications on complex structures have led to several new assessment concepts and areas for future work. A modified structural stress method that proposes a multi‐linear stress distribution through the plate thickness is introduced. Also, a crack growth assessment method in which the constraint equations of a sub‐model are linked to the global model is presented. Both these new methods are promising for complex structures. The crucial role of boundary conditions for complex structures is highlighted as is the future challenge of understanding and making use of the residual stress state for welded structures.
Uncooled 25 Gbit/s direct modulation of semi-insulating buried-heterostructure 1.3 μm AlGaInAs quantum-well DFB lasers

Uncooled 25 Gbit/s direct modulation of 1.3 µm DFB lasers is demonstrated. The 150 µm-long semi-insulating buried-heterostructure AlGaInAs quantum-well DFB lasers show clear eye-openings with dynamic extinction ratio of 5 dB up to 70°C. 13 km singlemode-fibre transmission experiments using the devices show low power penalty within 1.3 dB between 25 and 70°C. These characteristics are the first achievement by 1.3 µm directly modulated lasers.
“Hockey Sticks” Made of Carbon

Personal transportation accounts for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector, in particular, when international aviation is included, yet relatively little is known about the composition and socioeconomic makeup of travel emissions at the household and individual levels. Do they vary by choice of transportation mode, geographical location, socioeconomic factors, vehicle technology choice, and other personal characteristics and if so, by how much? This paper aims to shed some light on the profile of greenhouse gas emissions at the disaggregate level. It presents the results of a substantive case study, performed in the United Kingdom, based on a newly developed greenhouse gas emissions evaluation tool. When all known climate effects are accounted for, however uncertain they may be, air travel dominates overall as the source of greenhouse gas emissions from personal travel. There is a huge range in emissions, with the highest 20% of emitters producing 61% of emissions. This 61% to 20% emission rule is mirrored in the “hockey-stick” shape of the curves ranking respondents by their emissions levels, which is surprisingly similar when transportation modes, location, and unit of analysis (individual, household) are compared. Although income, working status, age, and car ownership are significantly related to overall emissions, factors related to accessibility, household location, and gender are not. The paper concludes by discussing methodological considerations and policy implications.
SIMULATIONS OF DROPLET FORMATION IN A T-JUNCTION MICRO-CHANNEL USING THE PHASE FIELD METHOD

Micro-fabrication techniques are developed rapidly because they offer numerous benefits for chemical and biological industries. Numerical simulations (based on incompressible Navier–Stokes equations) are presented of the two-phase flow in a cross-flowing T-junction micro-channel using the phase field method and the results are in agreement with experimental measurements. The leakage rate in the gap between the droplet and lower wall decreases during the droplet formation, the relationship between the leakage rate and the derivative of the up-stream droplet size is obtained, which is applicable when the droplet contacts with the lower wall on the wetted conditions or expands to the up-stream in the main channel. The droplet formation is related to several factors, including the capillary number, the contact angle, the flow rate ratio, and the micro-channel shape. The critical capillary number could distinguish between the squeezing and dripping regimes for the generation of different kinds of droplets. The.
Modal Parameter Identification of a Rigid Frame-Continuous Girders Bridge under Ambient Excitation by Fast Bayesian FFT Method

Bayesian theory is adopted in modal parameter identification, finite element model updating and residual capacity evaluation of the structures recently. Fast Bayesian FFT modal identification approach provides a rigorous way to obtain modal parameters and well-separated modes using the fast Fourier transform under ambient excitation. Moreover, it avoids choosing the modal order or removing false modes based on the stable diagram and has its obvious advantages. In this paper, modal parameters of a rigid frame-continuous girders bridge under ambient excitation are identified by this approach. Comparison with stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method indicates that Fast Bayesian FFT is a good approach to identify the modal parameters even for a large number of measurement channels.
Advancements in one-dimensional profiling with a long-trace profiler

Over the last several years the long trace profiler (LTP) has been evolving into a sophisticated machine capable of measuring surface profiles of very long dimensions. This report explains improvements, both hardware and software, that have helped to achieve accuracies and ranges in surface profiling that have been unobtainable until now. A comparison made by measuring standard optical surfaces on other instruments corroborates these accuracies.
Exploration of a Novel Biomarker in Endometrial Carcinoma

BackgroundThe adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, located on chromosome 5q21, is the chromatin-remodeling related gene and a typical tumor suppressor. As reported, patients with high expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) or a high level of tumor mutational burden (TMB) may benefit from immunotherapy in endometrial cancer. The objective of this study was to demonstrated that APC as a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of endometrial cancer, by analyzing the correlation of APC with PD-L1 expression or TMB.MethodsWe performed an integrative analysis of a commercial panel including 520 cancer-related genes on 99 tumors from an endometrial cancer cohort in China and DNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify new gene mutations as endometrial cancer immunotherapy markers. To determine the effect of gene mutations on endometrial cancer, we explored the correlation between gene mutations and tumor immune microenvironment, and explored the immune microenvironment in endometrial cancer, including TMB, PD-L1 expression and lymphocytic infiltration. ResultsWe found that the significant mutant genes were related to the chromatin state and generated a discovery set including 12 mutated genes that significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression and TMB. We identiﬁed the APC gene, with 19% (18/99) mutation rate, as a new marker for immunotherapy. Further analysis revealed that tumors with the APC mutation had a high TMB, increased expression of PD-L1 and increased lymphocytic infiltration (all P <0.02). By assessing the relationship between immunotherapy biomarkers and APC, we verified that APC have inactive mutation in endometrial cancer, which may affect the immune response, including PD-L1 expression, microsatellite instability and lymphocytic infiltrate. Using TCGA data, we found that patients with the APC mutation had longer overall survival. ConclusionOur study demonstrates that APC could play an important role in enhancing the response to endometrial cancer treatment, particularly immunotherapy.
Air Quality Measurements from a Water-Sprinkled Beef Cattle Feedlot in Kansas

Water sprinkling has been considered a best management practice for mitigating particulate matter (PM) emissions from open beef cattle feedlots; however, limited data are available on its impact on air pollutant emissions from the feedlots. This research measured the concentrations of PM10 (particulate matter with nominal aerodynamic diameter of 10 um or less) downwind and upwind of a water-sprinkled commercial cattle feedlot in Kansas. PM10 concentrations were measured with collocated Tapered Element Oscillating MicrobalancesTM (TEOMs), federal reference method (FRM) high-volume PM10 samplers, and FRM low-volume PM10 samplers. In addition to the PM10 concentration, the following parameters were monitored: (1) concentration of total suspended particulates (TSP) downwind and upwind of the feedlot; (2) particle size distribution downwind of the feedlot; (3) odor detection threshold (DT) upwind and downwind of the feedlot; (4) manure moisture content; (6) weather conditions; and (7) sprinkler water use. Measured PM10 concentrations varied considerably with sampling periods. PM10 concentrations were generally higher during the early evening hours within a given day and during the summer months. PM10 mass concentration also generally decreased with an increase in manure moisture content. Comparison of collocated PM10 samplers showed that the measured PM10 mass concentration was largest with the TEOM PM10 sampler and smallest with the low-volume PM10 sampler. Odor DTs, upwind and downwind of the feedlot, also varied considerably and ranged from 11 to 101 OU/m3 and 13 to 99 OU/m3, respectively. The operation of the water sprinkling system and manure moisture content did not seem to influence mean odor DT.
Spot-size converted 1.3 µm laser with butt-jointed selectively grown vertically tapered waveguide

A 1.3 mu m laser has been developed with a butt-jointed selectively grown spot-sire converter (SSC). The SSC vertically tapered waveguide and strained multiquantum well (MQW) active region are independently optimised. The laser was buried with semi-insulating InP to reduce optical loss in the SSC. A threshold current of 7 mA and an output power of >20 mW were obtained. Minimum coupling loss to a flat-end fibre of 1.06 dB was achieved. Long-term stability was also confirmed.
Early-Stage Design of Robotic Manipulator Using Dual Visual Perception

Many service mobile robots have an articulated robotic manipulator mounted on their platform. The mobile platform extends the workspace of the arm, whereas the arm offers several operational functionalities. The basic idea is to mount two cameras to the robotic arm. One camera provides the perception of the surrounding environment and navigation of the robot, the second one located on the robot arm provides for the perception of the object of cooperation. This paper deals with an early-stage design process of the mentioned robotic manipulator using dual visual perception. It includes kinematic, dynamic and stress-strength analysis. For the kinematic analysis the homogeneous matrix method and for dynamic analysis the Newton-Euler method has been used. These analyses are required for control solution.
Sub-100 μm scale on-chip inductors with CoZrTa for GHz applications

On-chip inductors with magnetic material are fabricated with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor processes. The inductors use copper metallization and amorphous CoZrTa thinfilms. Enhancements of 3.5X in inductance and 3X for the quality factor at frequencies as highas 3 GHz have been successfully demonstrated by using a continuous CoZrTa-ring structure in spiral inductors at the 100 μm scale. Further improvement of the frequency response of inductance up to 6 GHz was achieved by micro-patterning the magnetic film. The effect ofincreasing the film thickness on the performance of strip line inductors was measured and modeled. This work demonstrates significantly larger increases in inductance and quality factor atabove 1 GHz as compared to prior efforts, thereby making the added processing cost worthwhile.
Zero-moment point based balance control of leg-wheel hybrid structures with inequality constraints of dynamic behavior

This paper discusses an unified method of the tracking and balancing controls for leg-wheel hybrid structures in an effort to improve the mobility over hard, flat surfaces. Preliminarily, we analyzed the contact constraint to formulate a dynamically decoupled model in the task space. Then, inequality constraints were determined to restrict the dynamic behavior of the system within the given bounds for the dynamic stability and the actuator saturation. The inequality constraints were applied to the reference control input that was designed for the mechanism to traverse the desired trajectories without the constraints. To find the constrained control input, a quadratic objective function was proposed to minimize the modification error of the control inputs. We tested the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by comparing simulation results with our previous research.
A New Magneticrheological Damper Nonlinear Bingham Hysteretic Model and ANSYS Implementation

In this paper, firstly, a new nonlinear Bingham hysteretic model is established by studying on the Test results of damping force characteristics of the magneto rheological fluid. The model not only can simulate the damping characteristics of the magneto rheological damper very well, but also can well describe the relationship between damping and velocity with the small velocity, and has fewer parameters by compared with other magneto rheological damper model. Secondly, based on nonlinear least square method, the parameters with different current are recognized and the relationship between the parameters and current is defined, then the mechanical model is theoretically verified. Furthermore, the mechanical model is simulated by ANSYS, the data obtained agree well with the calculated value.
The Role of Environmental Personal Norms in the VBN Framework: Testing the Differences between the United States and Mexico regarding the Disposal of Potentially Harmful Products*

Abstract Recent scholarship has attempted to explain consumer activism in a variety of contexts. Most studies have tested the VBN theory in wealthy countries. Other research suggests that consumers in developing countries are less likely to engage in any type of activism behaviors because personal norms are quite low when compared to wealthy countries. This study tests the role of personal norms in both the United States and Mexico regarding the disposal of potentially harmful products. The research finds that personal norms play a unique and significant role in predicting consumer activism intention in the United States, but not in Mexico.
Implementing an industrial continuous improvement system: a knowledge management case study

Describes the practical application, in an industrial setting, of an information system designed to support continuous improvements. This system, based on a quality monitoring system, differs from conventional application in that it seeks to support both quality conformance and continuous improvements to design and research activities. Such activities traditionally fall outside the quality management function, but are encompassed within knowledge management goals and techniques, which are used in this research to construct a system framework. The integration of information into functional areas previously unlinked to manufacturing issues is illustrated as the major obstacle which had to be overcome. The implications for management practices are subsequently described. Concludes that knowledge management principles can support a wider application of continuous improvement to obtain benefits for the organisation, by providing higher quality information, and increasing the levels of organisational expertise which can be applied to it.
Geometric Optimization for Non-Thrombogenicity of a Centrifugal Blood Pump through Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis

A monopivot magnetic suspension blood pump has been developed in our laboratory. The flow patterns within the pump should be carefully examined in order to prevent thrombogenesis, especially around the pivot bearing. Therefore, the effects of the pump geometry on the local flow were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics together with the experimental flow visualization. The engineering goal was to reduce the area of stagnation around the pivot in order to prevent thrombus formation. As a result, the stagnation area and the flow rate through the washout holes were found to be highly affected by the size and geometry of the washout holes. Secondary flow was revealed to form a jet-like wash against the pivot, thus preventing thrombus formation. The flow rate through the washout holes was estimated to be up to one fifth of the pump flow rate, depending on the cross-sectional areas of the washout holes. Furthermore, an anti-thrombogenic effect was attained by removing a small gap between the male and female pivots.
Heart Rate Averages as Workload/Fatigue Indicators during OT&E

The purpose of this methodology is to allow a macro-level assessment of workload during long duration test flights without interfering with aircrew duties or imposing non-mission workload by using subjective methods. Using this method allows an initial analysis of heart rate data, mission profile, and mission tasking to indicate areas of concentration for micro-level workload data collection and analysis. Initial results of this method indicate that this use of cardiovascular data does highlight unanticipated workload areas for further evaluation.
Understanding Quasi-Integration

Cooperative strategies and interorganizational linkages, or quasi-integration. in vertical relationships are important concerns to strategy researchers and practitioners. In this paper, we present a model that integrates insights from transaction cost theory (an economic construct), environmental uncertainty (an organization theory construct), and resource-based theory (a strategic management construct) to explain the determinants of quasi-integration. This extends prior work which relied exclusively on transaction cost economics and organization theory to explain and predict optimal organizational form.
Tuneable multiwavelength semiconductor laser with single fibre output

A new multiwavelength semiconductor laser with singlemode fibre output is reported. The laser consists of a semiconductor laser array which is incorporated into an external cavity comprising a diffraction grating and a fibre loop mirror. This laser has five wavelength-locked output channels with a fixed separation of 2.5 nm. The centre wavelength may be tuned over 80 nm.