Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A design of the novel coupled line bandpass filter using defected ground structure

In this paper, a novel coupled line bandpass filter with a DGS (Defected Ground Structure) is proposed to realize a compact size with low insertion loss characteristic. The proposed bandpass filter can provide an attenuation pole due to the resonance characteristic of the DGS. The equivalent circuit parameters for the DGS are extracted by using an EM simulation process and the circuit analysis method. The design method for the proposed 3-pole bandpass filter is derived based on coupled line filter theory and the derived equivalent circuit of the DGS. The experimental results show an excellent agreement with theoretical simulation results.
The Lightning Induced Over-Voltage (LIOV) code

Summary form only given. The LIOV (lightning-induced overvoltage) code, a computer program developed in the framework of an international collaboration involving the Universities of Bologna (Department of Electrical Engineering), the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Power Systems Laboratory), and the University of Rome "LA Sapienza" (Department of Electrical Engineering), is a numerical formulation of Maxwell's equations, using the formulation of Agrawal et al. (1980) suitably adapted for the calculation of induced overvoltages when lightning strikes near a horizontal overhead transmission line. In the LIOV code, the electromagnetic field radiated by the lightning channel is calculated using the field equations in the form given by Uman et al. (1975) with the extension to the case of lossy ground introduced by Cooray and Rubinstein (1994) and assuming the modified transmission line (MTL) return-stroke current model (1988) for the description of the spatial-temporal distribution of the lightning current along the return-stroke channel.
ISSUES IN SEMI-PARAMETRIC REGRESSION WITH APPLICATIONS IN TIME SERIES MODELS FOR AIR POLLUTION AND MORTALITY

In 2002, methodological issues around time series analyses of air pollution and health attracted the attention of statisticians, epidemiologists, the press, industry, and policy makers. As the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was finalizing its review of the evidence on particulate air pollution, statisticians and epidemiologists found that the S-Plus implementation of Generalized Additive Models (GAM), the most common statistical approach for time series analysis of air pollution and health, can overestimate eects of air pollution and understate statistical uncertainty. This discovery delayed the process for the Particulate Matter (PM) Criteria Document prepared as part of the review of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS), as the time-series findings were a critical component of the evidence. In addition, it raised concerns about the adequacy of current model formulations and their software implementations.
Gait metrics analysis utilizing single-point inertial measurement units: a systematic review.

Background Wearable sensors, particularly accelerometers alone or combined with gyroscopes and magnetometers in an inertial measurement unit (IMU), are a logical alternative for gait analysis. While issues with intrusive and complex sensor placement limit practicality of multi-point IMU systems, single-point IMUs could potentially maximize patient compliance and allow inconspicuous monitoring in daily-living. Therefore, this review aimed to examine the validity of single-point IMUs for gait metrics analysis and identify studies employing them for clinical applications. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidelines (PRISMA) were followed utilizing the following databases: PubMed; MEDLINE; EMBASE and Cochrane. Four databases were systematically searched to obtain relevant journal articles focusing on the measurement of gait metrics using single-point IMU sensors. Results A total of 90 articles were selected for inclusion. Critical analysis of studies was conducted, and data collected included: sensor type(s); sensor placement; study aim(s); study conclusion(s); gait metrics and methods; and clinical application. Validation research primarily focuses on lower trunk sensors in healthy cohorts. Clinical applications focus on diagnosis and severity assessment, rehabilitation and intervention efficacy and delineating pathological subjects from healthy controls. Discussion This review has demonstrated the validity of single-point IMUs for gait metrics analysis and their ability to assist in clinical scenarios. Further validation for continuous monitoring in daily living scenarios and performance in pathological cohorts is required before commercial and clinical uptake can be expected.
FAULT-TOLERANT DESIGN FOR ADVANCED DIVERSE PROTECTION SYSTEM

For the improvement of APR1400 Diverse Protection System (DPS) design, the Advanced DPS (ADPS) has recently been developed to enhance the fault tolerance capability of the system. Major fault masking features of the ADPS compared with the APR1400 DPS are the changes to the channel configuration and reactor trip actuation equipment. To minimize the fault occurrences within the ADPS, and to mitigate the consequences of common-cause failures (CCF) within the safety I&C systems, several fault avoidance design features have been applied in the ADPS. The fault avoidance design features include the changes to the system software classification, communication methods, equipment platform, MMI equipment, etc. In addition, the fault detection, location, containment, and recovery processes have been incorporated in the ADPS design. Therefore, it is expected that the ADPS can provide an enhanced fault tolerance capability against the possible faults within the system and its input/output equipment, and the CCF of safety systems.
Electrochemical cell prognostics using online impedance measurements and model-based data fusion techniques

A method to accurately assess the state-of-charge (SOC) and the state-of-health (SOH) of electrochemical energy sources. such as primary and secondary batteries, provides significant benefit in operational systems. The model-based effort described here is focused on prognostics for primary and secondary batteries. However, this approach can also be applied to other electrochemical energy sources such as %el cells for performance monitoring. This method is based on accurate modeling of the transport mechanisms within the battery that requires careful development of the electrochemical models. These models have heen used to develop new features to be used to assess the condition of the battery. Data fusion of feature vectors is used to develop inferences about the state of the system. The resulting output and any usage information available about the battery is then evaluated using hybrid automated reasoning schemes consisting of neural network, fuzzy logic, and decision theoretic methods. The focus of this paper is on model identification and data fusion of the monitored and virtual sensor data. In addition to modeling the main electrochemical processes, modeling of competing failure mechanisms is incorporated. Since these mechanisms dictate the remaining useful life of the battery (i.e., state-of-life) their proper identification is a critical step for prognostics. Also, data fusion processing can be used to associate the monitored and feature data to the different critical mechanisms. Examples using test data 6om various types of batteries such as lead-acid, nickelcadmium, and lithium chemistries are also presented.
Unit Commitment in Composite Generation & Transmission Systems usingDynamic Programming

In this paper, a unit commitment problem is being described & its solution using dynamic programming for 5 unit system over 24 hour time horizon is being presented. This also means that it is desirable to find the optimal generating unit commitment (UC) in the power system for the next H hours. The main objective of this paper is to reduce the total production cost includes fuel cost, maintenance cost etc. The 3 versions of DP are presented and their results are compared. General Terms Conventional DP, Sequential DP, Truncation DP.
A Comparative Study of Cerium- and Ytterbium-Based GO/g-C3N4/Fe2O3 Composites for Electrochemical and Photocatalytic Applications

The design of sustainable and efficient materials for efficient energy storage and degradation of environmental pollutants (specifically organic dyes) is a matter of major interest these days. For this purpose, cerium- and ytterbium-based GO/g-C3N4/Fe2O3 composites have been synthesized to explore their properties, especially in charge storage devices such as supercapacitors, and also as photocatalysts for the degradation of carcinogenic dyes from the environment. Physicochemical studies have been carried out using XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET techniques. Electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry, galvanic charge discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) have been employed to measure super-capacitance and EDLC properties. Results show that the gravimetric capacitance calculated from GCD results is 219 Fg−1 for ytterbium- and 169 Fg−1 for cerium-based nanocomposites at the current density of 1 A/g and scan rate of 2 mV/sec. The specific capacitance calculated for the ytterbium-based nanocomposite is 189 Fg−1 as compared to 125 Fg−1 for the cerium-based material. EIS results pointed to an enhanced resistance offered by cerium-based nanocomposites as compared to that of ytterbium, which can be assumed with the difference in particle size, as confirmed from structural studies including XRD. From obtained results, ytterbium oxide-based GO/g-C3N4/Fe2O3 is proven to be a better electro-catalyst as compared to cerium-based nanocomposites. Photocatalytic results are also in agreement with electrochemical results, as the degradation efficiency of ytterbium oxide-based GO/g-C3N4/Fe2O3 (67.11 and 83.50% for rhodamine B and methylene blue dyes) surpasses values observed for cerium-based GO/g-C3N4/Fe2O3 (63.08 and 70.61%).
Accessibility Evaluation: The Effects of the Free Return System on Choice Behaviour for Public Libraries

In the field of public library study, travel costs incurred when returning books is an important issue for the spatial distribution of users, as well as the load necessary in the process of book borrowing. In recent years, the Free Return System, which is a subsystem of Library Services, has been developed so that users can return books to any library. In this paper, a model for describing the users' choice behaviour of facilities is constructed, and a method for evaluating travel costs accrued when travelling from home to facilities is proposed. The proposed model is applied to actual data of the choice behaviour of users of public libraries. The results of numerical analyses show that the Free Return System can reduce travel costs by 20% on average, and this value is equivalent to a growth of approximately 8% in the user base.
Synthesis of indenopyrazolones using functionalized SBA-15

Functionalized SBA -15 (Immobilization of Pd on the modified SBA -15) has been applied as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of indenopyrazolones by multi-component reactions of phenylhydrazine, aromatic aldehydes and indan-1,2,3- trione at room temperature in acetonitrile. The catalyst has been characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy ( XRD ), Field emission scanning electron microscopy ( FE - SEM ), Transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ), X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ), Energy-dispersive X - ray spectroscopy ( EDX ), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ( FT-IR ), N2 adsorption analysis, Temperature Programmed Desorption ( TPD ), and Differential thermal analysis ( TGA - DTA ). The advantages of this method include the reusability of the catalyst, low catalyst loading, excellent yields in short reaction times and easy separation of products. Meanwhile, this recoverable catalyst will provide a regular platform for heterogeneous catalysis, green chemistry, and environmentally benign protocols in the near future.
Comparing the Commercial Provisions for the 2015 IECC with the Corresponding Provisions in the 2012 IECC for Commercial Construction in Texas.

Disclaimer This report is provided by the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station (TEES). The information provided in this report is intended to be the best available information at the time of publication. TEES makes no claim or warranty, express or implied that the report or data herein is necessarily error-free. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Energy Systems Laboratory or any of its employees. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station or the Energy Systems Laboratory.
A new approach in free air ball formation process parameters analysis

The shape and size of gold wire ball formation deeply affects the quality of wire bonding. It not only affects the bond-ability of the first bond (ball bond), but also affects the possibility of processing low loop height bonding for thin packaging [such as thin small outline package (TSOP) and thin quad flat package (TQFP)] and high input/output (I/O) fine pitch packaging such as ball grid array. The parameters which affect the gold wire ball formation include: 1) tail length left after second bond; 2) type and shape of capillaries used; 3) material characteristics of gold wire; 4) supplied voltage, current, and time of electrical flame-off (EFO) unit; 5) gap between tail and electrode plate; and 6) relative position between capillary and electrode plate. In this paper, experiments were conducted to find the effect of these parameters on ball formation. Taguchi method together with neural network is applied in this research to find the best parameters setting for gold wire ball formation. It can then be used for wire bonding process parameter adjustment and process monitoring. It can also be used as reference for the development of wire bonders.
Meta Analysis for Benefits Transfer – Toward Value Estimates for Some Outputs of Multifunctional Agriculture

As a contribution to valuing the outputs of multifunctional agriculture, we report three new meta analyses estimating value functions for agricultural conservation program impacts on water quality, wetlands, and upland habitat and open space. As is often the case in valuation, where methods have yet to be standardized, the data sets are relatively small and noisy. With a clear objective of benefits transfer, we seek robust parameter estimates for key RHS variables, even at the cost of some loss of goodness of fit. We present our estimated full equations, and benefits transfer values calculated from equations estimated after backward elimination of insignificant variables, and offer a rationale for this approach to benefits transfer.
Radiation from half-wavelength open-circuit microstrip resonators

Calculations are described for the radiation loss of a half-wavelength open-circuit microstrip resonator, and results are given for a range of microstrip effective relative permittivities. Satisfactory correlation with experimental measurements has been obtained, and the method is believed to give a better estimate of radiation loss for this type of resonator than has formerly been available.
Improved interior point method for OPF problems

Since conventional optimal power flow (OPF) algorithms are limited and too slow for operational planning, power system operation and planning engineers have been seeking efficient OPF algorithms for three decades. The interior point method is one of the most efficient algorithms. In this paper, an improved quadratic interior point (IQIP) method is used to solve comprehensive OPF problems with a variety of objective functions, including economic dispatch, VAr planning and loss minimization. The IQIP method features a general starting point (rather than selected good point as in the general interior point method) and fast convergence. Consequently, the OPF package described in this paper offers huge improvements in speed, accuracy and convergence in solving multi-objective and multi-constraint optimization problems. It will be a very useful tool for the power industry.
Blurring Boundaries

This study looks at the interactions between health workers, physical space, surgical tools, and the “patient-body” in an operating theater. My aim is to explore the approaches of Katz, Rawlings, and Collins and to show that when rituals, restrictive entrance procedures, and clothing requirements are not in place, when rules are not observed for reasons that this article addresses, the boundary between the operating theater and its surroundings blurs. It becomes a trivialized space. Data were collected in the regional hospital of one major town of the Extrême Nord of Cameroon. I describe a context of crisis and a lack of equipment and personnel that narrow the boundaries of the operating room (the limits of which are supposed to be kept sterile and isolated) but do not erase them. Restrictive entrance procedures, clothing requirements, rituals, and rules that are supposed to separate the operating theater from its surroundings, as Katz has shown, are not observed. Instead, the theater is connected to its surroundings through an “intriguing combination of practices” consistent with the analyses of Rawling and Collins. Thus, the operating theater is not a closed and limited area inside the hospital that can be completely isolated from its surroundings. There is continuity between the interior and the exterior.
Crossing Cultural Chasms: Towards a culture-conscious approach to design

This thesis concerns specifically the discipline of product design, and the main question is how can designers be supported in understanding the culture of their intended users. The reason for this study is that designers are experiencing difficulties and uncertainties with regard to their intended users, as these users live in cultures with which the designers are not familiar. By means of an extensive series of empirical projects, this thesis explores the concept of culture in the context of design. It proposes a framework (based on socio-cultural dimensions) and a tool (a set of cards) that help designers to become aware of possible cultural barriers with respect to participatory design research as well as to design. In addition, the study describes the opportunities (including five intentions) for a culture-conscious approach to design.
Distributed Control System for Turbine Engines

A distributed control system (DCS) for a turbine engine has been demonstrated and tested, consisting of prototype electronic interface units (EIUs) connected to data and power busses. In the DCS, a central control computer communicated with smart sensors and smart actuators via a 2.5 megabit/sec digital data bus, using the Fieldbus protocol. Power was distributed to the smart devices as 100 kHz 100V peak AC, allowing light, simple power converters at each smart device. All smart sensors, smart actuators, and cables were dual redundant. The smart actuators received position demand from the central control computer, exchanged data between channels to provide local redundancy management, closed the position loop locally, and reported actuator position to the central controller. Smart sensors converted sensed signals to digital values in engineering units, and performed local built-in tests. Testing of the DCS was done in a closed-loop simulation with an engine model, Frequency response of the DCS was almost identical with the conventional system.
Performance Evaluation in Arabic Sentiment Analysis during the Covid-19 Pandemic

This paper classifies sentiment analysis in Arabic language and mining sentiment in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic in the period (2019 2021). Three large data sets are collected from tweets, hotel and restaurant reviews for building the proposed sentiment analysis model. We compared eight machine learning algorithms, Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB), Bernoulli Naïve Bayes (BNB), Decision Tree (DT), K-nearest neighbour classifier (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Linear Support Vector Classifier (LSVC), Random Forest Classifier (RFC) and Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier (SGD) on three cases: n-gram unigram, bigram, and trigram for each algorithm. The performance evaluations are compared according to precision, recall, and Fmeasure. The polarity prediction results in sentiment analysis models were achieved by linear SVC using hotel dataset with bigram case, with the accuracy of 0.966, precision of 0.967, recall of 0.966 and F-measure of 0.966 . The rest algorithms give normal execution on all datasets. It may very well be reasoned that the AI calculations need the right morphological components to upgrade the classification exactness when managing various words that assume various parts in the sentence with a similar letter.
Anomaly Based Camera Prioritization in Large Scale Surveillance Networks

: Digital surveillance systems are ubiquitous and continuously gen-erate massive amounts of data, and manual monitoring is required in order to recognise human activities in public areas. Intelligent surveillance systems that can automatically identify normal and abnormal activities are highly desirable, as these would allow for efficient monitoring by selecting only those camera feeds in which abnormal activities are occurring. This paper proposes an energy-efficient camera prioritisation framework that intelligently adjusts the priority of cameras in a vast surveillance network using feedback from the activity recognition system. The proposed system addresses the limitations of existing manual monitoring surveillance systems using a three-step framework. In the first step, the salient frames are selected from the online video stream using a frame differencing method. A lightweight 3D convolutional neural network (3DCNN) architecture is applied to extract spatio-temporal features from the salient frames in the second step. Finally, the probabilities predicted by the 3DCNN network and the metadata of the cameras are processed using a linear threshold gate sigmoid mechanism to control the priority of the camera. The proposed system performs well compared to state-of-the-art violent activity recognition methods in terms of efficient camera prioritisation in large-scale surveillance networks. Comprehensive experiments and an evaluation of activity recognition and camera prioritisation showed that our approach achieved an accuracy of 98% with an F1-score of 0.97 on the Hockey Fight dataset, and an accuracy of 99% with an F1-score of 0.98 on the Violent Crowd dataset. experiments and evaluations performs well in terms of both violent activity recognition and efficient camera prioritisation in large-scale surveillance networks.