Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OPEN Human kidney pericytes produce renin

Pericytes, perivascular cells embedded in the microvascular wall, are crucial for vascular homeostasis. These cells also play diverse roles in tissue development and regeneration as multi-lineage progenitors, immunomodulatory cells and as sources of trophic factors. Here, we establish that pericytes are renin producing cells in the human kidney. Renin was localized by immunohistochemistry in CD146 and NG2 expressing pericytes, surrounding juxtaglomerular and afferent arterioles. Similar to pericytes from other organs, CD146 D CD34 – CD45 – CD56 – renal fetal pericytes, sorted by ﬂ ow cytometry, exhibited tri-lineage mesodermal differentiation potential in vitro . Additionally, renin expression was triggered in cultured kidney pericytes by cyclic AMP as con ﬁ rmed by immuno-electron microscopy, and secretion of enzymatically functional renin, capable of generating angiotensin I. Pericytes derived from second trimester human placenta also expressed renin in an inducible fashion although the renin activity was much lower than in renal pericytes. Thus, our results con ﬁ rm and extend the recently discovered developmental plasticity of microvascular pericytes, and may open new perspectives to the therapeutic regulation of the renin-angiotensin system.
Analysis of Climate Parameters as Indicators of Climate Changes in Central and Eastern Iraq: Khanaqin Climate Conditions as A Case Study

The climate parameters of rainfall, and average of maximum and minimum temperature were investigated for the period of 2000-2019 in three stations in central and eastern Iraq (Baghdad, Diyala, and Kut provinces). Evidence of climate change was noticed from the results, reflected by decreased mean values of annual rainfall with increased mean of maximum and minimum temperature. In addition, the water balance and the climatic conditions were determined for Khanaqin station for the years 1981-2019. The analysis of Khanaqin climate parameters demonstrated total annual mean values of rainfall of 260.86mm and evaporation of 3119.59mm. The mean monthly relative humidity was 46.65%, sunshine was 8.39h/day, temperature was 23.36C o and wind speed was 1.86m/sec. Water surplus was recorded in Khanaqin area, with values of (24.00mm) (34.18mm) (40.31mm) (28.83mm) and (19.92mm) in November, December, January, February and March respectively. The climate classification of Khanaqin area indicated semi dry and dry climates. Moreover, the region has water deficit that reached up to 43.56 % of the total rainfall values.
and Functionally Distinct Mesenchymal Subpopulations Are Generated from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Various mesenchymal cell types have been identiﬁed as critical components of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) niche. Although several groups have described the generation of mesenchyme from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), the capacity of such cells to support hematopoiesis has not been reported. Here, we demonstrate that distinct mesenchymal subpopulations co-emerge from mesoderm during hPSC differentiation. Despite co-expression of common mesenchymal markers (CD73, CD105, CD90, and PDGFR b ), a subset of cells deﬁned as CD146 hi CD73 hi expressed genes associated with the HSPC niche and supported the maintenance of functional HSPCs ex vivo, while CD146 lo CD73 lo cells supported differentiation. Stromal support of HSPCs was contact dependent and mediated in part through high JAG1 expression and low WNT signaling. Molecular proﬁling revealed signiﬁcant transcriptional similarity between hPSC-derived CD146 ++ and primary human CD146 ++ perivascular cells. The derivation of functionally diverse types of mesenchyme from hPSCs opens potential avenues to model the HSPC niche and develop PSC-based therapies.
Efficient Rotary Processing for Data Augmentation

— Deep learning typically requires a large amount of training data. However, in some cases, it is not possible to prepare enough data to achieve the desired recognition accuracy. A number of approaches to training models with a limited amount of data are available, such as data augmentation and fine-tuning. In the present study, we focus on rotation processing, which has the capacity to augment image data more easily than other augmentation methods. With this method, for example, we could produce 360 images from a single image by rotating the image a full 360° by 1° increments. However, if the rotation angle is not chosen appropriately, essential features of the rotated object may be lost. No clear standards have been previously determined for setting appropriate rotation parameters. This study presents an approach to efficient rotary processing for cases in which the key features of the object either does or does not distort, depending on the angle of rotation. The approach should make it easier for general users to set proper parameters when using rotation processing for data augmentation.
Sphinx as a Tool for Documenting Technical Projects

— Documentation is a vital part of a technical project, yet is sometimes overlooked because of its time-consuming nature. A successful documentation system can therefore benefit relevant organizations and individuals. The focus of this paper is to summarize the main features of Sphinx : an open-source tool created to generate Python documentation formatted into standard files (HTML, PDF and ePub). Based on its results, this research recommends the use of Sphinx for the more efficient writing and managing of a project’s technical documentation.
Towards Healthy Diets from Sustainable Food Systems

Abbreviations: CO2-e – carbon dioxide equivalents, DALYs – Disability-Adjusted Life Years, DGA – Dietary Guidelines for Americas, %DV – percent daily value, FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization, FNDDS – Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies, GHGE – greenhouse gas emissions, HIC – high income countries, HLPE – High Level Panel of Experts, LMIC – low and middle income countries, NHANES – National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NP – nutrient profiling, NRF – Nutrient Rich Foods, SDGs – Sustainable Development Goals, UN – United Nations, WWEIA – What We Eat in America, Abstract This paper is based on a session at ASN 2019 entitled “Addressing the Four Domains of Sustainable Food Systems Science (Health, Economics, Society and the Environment): What Will It Take to Harmonize the Evidence to Advance the Field? ” A summary of presentations is included. The presentations addressed the four principal domains of sustainability defined as nutrition/health, economics, environment and society and the ways in which they are represented in current research. The session also introduced metrics and measures that are specific to each domain. Participants discussed next steps to move towards consensus and collaboration among scientific communities, especially health/nutrition science and environmental science. Food systems may need to be restructured to ensure that the global food supply provides adequate calories and nutrients at an affordable cost. Finally, the session addressed strategies to implement research concepts and move toward policies that encourage consumers to choose healthy diets from sustainable food systems.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Specification Mining of Symbolic Scenario-Based Models Specification Mining of Symbolic Scenario-Based Models

Many dynamic analysis approaches to speciﬁcation mining that extract behavioral models from execution traces, do not consider object identities which limit their power when used to analyze traces of general object oriented programs. In this work we present a novel speciﬁcation mining approach that considers object identities, and, moreover, generalizes from speciﬁcations involving concrete objects to their symbolic class-level abstractions. Our approach uses data mining methods to extract signiﬁcant scenario-based speciﬁcations in the form of Damm and Harel’s live sequence charts (LSC), a formal and expressive extension of classic sequence diagrams. We guarantee that all mined symbolic LSCs are signiﬁcant (statistically sound) and all signiﬁcant symbolic LSCs are mined (statistically complete). The technique can potentially be applied to general object oriented programs to reveal expressive and useful reverse-engineered candidate speciﬁcations.
In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of the RNA Conformational Switch in Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (cid:1)

The 3 (cid:1) termini of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) RNAs adopt two mutually exclusive conformations, a coat protein binding (CPB) and a tRNA-like (TL) conformer, which consist of a linear array of stem-loop structures and a pseudoknot structure, respectively. Previously, switching between CPB and TL conformers has been proposed as a mechanism to regulate the competing processes of translation and replication of the viral RNA (R. C. L. Olsthoorn et al., EMBO J. 18:4856–4864, 1999). In the present study, the switch between CPB and TL conformers was further investigated. First, we showed that recognition of the AMV 3 (cid:1) untranslated region (UTR) by a tRNA-speciﬁc enzyme (CCA-adding enzyme) in vitro is more efﬁcient when the distribution is shifted toward the TL conformation. Second, the recognition of the 3 (cid:1) UTR by the viral replicase was similarly dependent on the ratio of CBP and TL conformers. Furthermore, the addition of CP, which is expected to shift the distribution toward the CPB conformer, inhibited recognition by the CCA-adding enzyme and the replicase. Finally, we monitored how the binding afﬁnity to CP is affected by this conformational switch in the yeast three-hybrid system. Here, disruption of the pseudoknot enhanced the binding afﬁnity to CP by shifting the balance in favor of the CPB conformer, whereas stabilizing the pseudoknot did the the in vitro and in vivo the existence of the conformational switch in the 3 (cid:1) of AMV RNAs.
Technical Analysis Testing the performance of five commonly used technical indicators

This thesis examines five commonly used technical indicators and their performance on five stocks listed at the Stockholm Stock Exchange during the time period January 2010 – March 2016. The research aims to see if the technical indicators can predict return in the upcoming period and also compare the profitability of the indicators versus the buy and hold strategy. Simple OLS regressions are used to analyze whether the different technical indicators are statistically significant for return in the upcoming period. The predictive ability of the technical indicators is overall quite poor as few of the indicators prove to be statistically significant. When comparing return per week invested between the examined technical indicators versus the buy and hold strategy, results find that the buy and hold strategy outperforms the Moving Average and the Moving Average Cross-Over indicator while the Moving Average Convergence Divergence and the Combined indicator provides higher average return per invested week for the majority of the stocks. These slightly contradictory results make it hard to determine whether weak form efficiency holds on Stockholm Stock Exchange and are much in line with the mixed results from earlier research made on other stock markets.
Vehicle speed measurement by on-board acoustic signal processing

Estimation of vehicle speed by analysis of drive-by noise is a known technique. The methods used in this kind of practice generally estimate the velocity of the vehicle with respect to the microphone(s), so they rely on the relative motion of the vehicle to the microphone(s). There are also other methods that do not rely on this technique. For example, recent research has shown that there is a statistical correlation between vehicle speed and drive-by noise emissions spectra. This does not rely on the relative motion of the vehicle with respect to the microphone(s) so it inspires us to consider the possibility of predicting velocity of the vehicle using an on-board microphone. This has the potential for the development of a new kind of speed sensor. For this purpose we record sound signal from a vehicle under speed variation using an on-board microphone. Sound emissions from a vehicle are very complex, which is from the engine, the exhaust, the air conditioner, other mechanical parts, tires, and air resistance. These emissions carry both stationary and non-stationary information. We propose to make the analysis by wavelet packet analysis, rather than traditional time or frequency domain methods. Wavelet packet analysis, by providing arbitrary time-frequency resolution, enables analyzing signals of stationary and non-stationary nature. It has better time representation than Fourier analysis and better high-frequency resolution than Wavelet analysis. Subsignals from the wavelet packet analysis are analyzed further by Norm Entropy, Log Energy Entropy, and Energy. These features are evaluated by feeding them into a multilayer perceptron. Norm entropy achieves the best prediction with 97.89% average accuracy with 1.11 km/h mean absolute error which corresponds to 2.11% relative error. Time sensitivity is ±0.453 s and is open to improvement by varying the window width. The results indicate that, with further tests at other speed ranges, with other vehicles and under dynamic conditions, this method can be extended to the design of a new kind of vehicle speed sensor.
Suppression of Lithium-Ion Batteries Fire

Suppression of Lithium-ion batteries fire can be done by using water, heptafluoropropane (HFC227ea), fire-extinguishing microcapsules, aqueous vermiculite dispersion (AVD), and F-500 encapsulator agent [1]. Extensive review on the suppression of Li-ion batteries fire can be found in [2]. Water suppression has been reported to required large volume of water (~4000 L of 16 kWh of Li-ion battery [3]) and increased production rate of unwanted gases [4]. An alternative by using heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea) was investigated by Wang et al. [5], showing that HFC-227ea can quickly extinguished battery fires but should be applied as early as possible and for an extended time to avoid reignition.
Expiration Date, Unknown: Reasons to Abandon E-grocery Shopping

Groceries online (E-grocery) is a growing market, however, many of those that have tried the service abandon it shortly thereafter. Most research surrounding e-grocery focuses on why consumer begin purchasing and why repurchases occur, however, there is a lack of studies regarding why consumers abandon purchasing. Therefore, this article examines why consumers abandon purchasing e-groceries and what factors are causing this behavior. This study uses qualitative interviews with respondents who have abandoned purchasing e-groceries. The findings suggest that price, time, convenience, quality, recovery and stress are among the factors that can be used to map out why consumer abandon e-groceries. In conclusion, the study proposes that these latter factors do not work as single entities but rather in combination. Our findings suggest that e-grocers should implement basic to premium–segmented products as well as inform customers regarding the latest policies and routines.
Interﬂow dynamics on a low relief forested hillslope: Lots of ﬁll, little spill q Journal of Hydrology

We evaluated the occurrence of perching and interﬂow over and within a sandy clay loam argillic horizon within ﬁrst-order, low-relief, forested catchments at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. We measured soil hydraulic properties, depths to the argillic layer, soil moisture, shallow groundwater behavior, interﬂow interception trench ﬂows, and streamﬂow over a 4-year period to explore the nature and variability of soil hydraulic characteristics, the argillic ‘‘topography”, and their inﬂuence on interﬂow generation. Perching occurred frequently within and above the restricting argillic horizons during our monitoring period, but interﬂow was infrequent due to microtopographic relief and associated depression storage on the argillic layer surface. High percolation rates through the argillic horizon, particularly through soil anomalies, also reduced the importance of interﬂow. Interﬂow gener- ation was highly variable across eleven segments of a 121 m interception trench. Hillslopes were largely disconnected from stream behavior during storms. Hillslope processes were consistent with the ﬁll-and- spill hypothesis and featured a sequence of distinct thresholds: vertical wetting front propagation to the argillic layer; saturation of the argillic followed by local perching; ﬁlling of argillic layer depressions; and ﬁnally connectivity of depressions leading to interﬂow generation. Analysis of trench ﬂow data indicated a cumulative rainfall threshold of 60 mm to generate interﬂow, a value at the high end of the range of thresholds reported elsewhere. B.V.
Familiarity drives social philopatry in an obligate colonial breeder with weak interannual breeding-site ﬁ delity Animal Behaviour

an extreme case of with certain colonial are interesting study models to explore the occurrence of social bonds be- tween individuals. As colonial species are usually highly philopatric, disentangling the ﬁ delity to a breeding site from the ﬁ delity to a group of individuals is challenging. Slender-billed gull, Chroicocephalus genei , colonies, however, almost yearly. This behaviour it possible to study individual associations over several years, i.e. associations between individuals breeding in the same colony in more than 1 year. To quantify and identify the mechanisms that favour repeated individual associations across years, we analysed data from 14 years of observations of 953 individually marked gulls. Our results showed that some individuals repeatedly bred together across breeding seasons despite the colony moving every year. The probability of an individual selecting a colony increased with an increase in the number of birds that had bred in the same colony as that individual the previous year and not the overall number at the colony. However, we found yearly variation in group tenacity levels and that colony breeding failure favoured splitting of the groups. We also found that association rates rapidly decreased across years but stayed higher than random associations during 2 consecutive years after the ﬁ rst ob- servations. Moreover, over the entire study period, we plotted a bipartite network and found that all colonies and individuals in the population were fully connected. This study reveals group tenacity across years in a colonial bird. Evolutionary pressures as well as the mechanisms favouring social bond persistence across years in colonial birds, however, need further research.
Measurement of the t(t^-) cross-section at 7 TeV with 36 PB-1 of data in the electron+jets decay channel using the CMS detector

A measurement of the top-pair production cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using proton-proton collisions with 36 pb−1 of data collected by CMS at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. The analysis is performed using the final state that consists of one isolated electron with jets, one of which is required to be identified as being consistent with including the decay of a B hadron. The measured crosssection with three or more selected jets is 169 ± 13(stat.) −32(sys.) −7(lumi.) pb and 197 ± 17(stat.) −35(sys.) −8(lumi.) pb for four or more jets. The results are consistent with NLO and approximate NNLO theoretical predictions.
Is Correlated with Regulatory T Cell Induction Following Human Embryoid Body-Derived Neural Precursor Cell Transplantation in a Viral Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

We have recently described sustained clinical recovery associated with dampened neuroinflammation and remyelination following transplantation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in a viral model of the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis. The hNPCs used in that study were derived by a novel direct differentiation method (direct differentiation, DD-NPCs) that resulted in a unique gene expression pattern when compared to hNPCs derived by conventional methods. Since the therapeutic potential of human NPCs may differ greatly depending on the method of derivation and culture, we wanted to determine whether NPCs differentiated using conventional methods would be similarly effective in improving clinical outcome under neuroinflammatory demyelinating conditions. For the current study, we utilized hNPCs differentiated from a human induced pluripotent cell line via an embryoid body intermediate stage (EB-NPCs). Intraspinal transplantation of EB-NPCs into mice infected with the neurotropic JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV) resulted in decreased accumulation of CD4+ T cells in the central nervous system that was concomitant with reduced demyelination at
Non-Destructive Identiﬁcation and Estimation of Granulation in Honey Pomelo Using Visible and Near-Infrared Transmittance Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Vision Technology

: Granulation is a physiological disorder of juice sacs in citrus fruit, causing juice sacs to become hard and dry and resulting in decreased internal quality of citrus fruit. Honey pomelo is a thick-skinned citrus fruit, and it is di ﬃ cult to identify the extent of granulation by observation of the outer peel and fruit shape. In this study, a rapid and non-destructive testing method using visible and near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy combined with machine vision technology was applied to identify and estimate granulation inside fruit. A total of 600 samples in di ﬀ erent growth periods was harvested, and fruit were divided into ﬁve classes according to ﬁve granulation levels. Spectral data were obtained for two ranges of 400–1100 nm and 900–1700 nm by visible and near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy. In addition, chemometrics were used to measure the chemical changes of soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and moisture content (MC) caused by di ﬀ erent granulation levels. Machine vision technology can rapidly estimate the external characteristics of samples and measure the physical changes in mass and volume caused by di ﬀ erent granulation levels. Compared with using a single or traditional methods, the predictive performances of multi-category classiﬁcation models (PCA-SVM and PCA-GRNN) were signiﬁcantly enhanced. In particular, the model accuracy rate ( ARM ) was 99% for PCA-GRNN, with classiﬁcation accuracy ( CA ), classiﬁcation sensitivity ( CS ), and classiﬁcation speciﬁcity ( CSP ) of 0.9950, 0.9750, and 0.9934, respectively. The results showed that this method has great potential for the identiﬁcation and estimation of granulation. Multi-source data fusion and application of a multi-category classiﬁcation model with the smallest number of input layers and acceptable high predictive performances are proposed for on-line applications. This method can be e ﬀ ectively used on-line for the non-destructive detection of fruits with granulation.