Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experience with Presurgical Nasal Molding in Infants with Cleft Lip and Nose Deformity

Background: Nasal deformity in infants with nasolabial clefts persists if it is not actively corrected. Some surgeons repair the nose simultaneously with the lip. Nonsurgical nasal molding with mechanical support performed in the early neonatal period has proved to be an effective alternative to surgical correction. Methods: At the author's institution, for the past 4 years, infants with nasal asymmetry have been treated by presurgical nasal molding performed with a stent fixed to a conventional passive orthopedic plate. The efficiency of this method was evaluated retrospectively using photographs obtained at least 1 year after lip repair. Sixteen pairs of children were studied. One child of each pair had received the treatment with the stent, and the other one had been treated using the classic method of presurgical orthopedics with no stent; the diagnosis and remaining therapy were the same for both children. Nine maxillofacial surgeons and 22 students of dental medicine were asked to decide which nose of each pair was more symmetrical. Results: Seventy-five percent of students and 70 percent of surgeons found that the nasal stent nose was more symmetrical than its classically treated counterpart. Statistical analysis of the results revealed highly significant agreement between the two groups of evaluators. Conclusions: Children who underwent presurgical treatment with a nasal stent had more symmetrical noses several years after lip repair than children treated by the classic method of preoperative orthopedics. Use of the modified appliance did not present major problems for the parents, but their cooperation is necessary. Treatment should start as soon as possible after birth, regardless of the width of the cleft.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes under Normal and Osmotic Stress in invitro condition

Eggplant commonly called as brinjal in India is grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Eggplant is native to India where the major domestication of large fruited cultivars occurred. Eggplant is extensively grown in India, Bangladesh, China, Pakistan, Japan and Philippines. It is also popular in France, Italy, Egypt and United States. Eggplant is usually selfpollinated, but the extent of cross pollination has been reported to be as high as 48% and hence it is classified as often cross-pollinatedcrop. Eggplant is reported to have the somatic chromosome number of 2n = 24.
Mining the Database of Transcription Binding Sites

In this paper, we study the problems of motif discovery and gene regulation. First, although the sliding window technique based on profiles or consensus sequences is a standard method for discovering motifs in the genomes with prior knowledge of transcription binding sites in orthologous genes from related organisms, it usually has high computational costs. In this paper, we propose an efficient approximation method employing randomized algorithms to identify motifs. The approximation method can be easily combined with the sliding-window technique for efficient and accurate motif discovery. Second, we mine frequent motif combinations and sequential motif patterns to investigate the regulatory relationships between motifs and provide a better understanding of gene expression, regulation, and transcription
Imaging and sensing based on dual-pulse nonlinear photoacoustic contrast: a preliminary study on fatty liver

We developed a simple and effective contrast for tissue characterization based on the recently proposed dual-pulse nonlinear photoacoustic technology. The new contrast takes advantage of the temperature dependence of Grüneisen parameter of tissue and involves a dual-pulse laser excitation process. A short pulse first heats the sample and causes a temperature jump, which then leads to the change of Grüneisen parameter and amplitude of the photoacoustic signal of the second pulse. For different tissues, the induced rate or trend of change is expected to be different, which constitutes the basis of the new contrast. Preliminary phantom experiment in blood and lipid mixtures and in vitro experiment in fatty rat liver have demonstrated that the proposed contrast has the capability of fast characterization of lipid-rich and blood-rich tissues.
On Faraday waves

The standing waves of frequency ω and wavenumber κ that are induced on the surface of a liquid of depth d that is subjected to the vertical displacement ao cos 2wt are determined on the assumptions that: the effects of lateral boundaries are negligible; ε = ka0 tanh kd [Lt ] 1 and 0 < ε−δ = O(δ3), where δ is the linear damping ratio of a free wave of frequency ω; the waves form a square pattern (which follows from observation). This problem, which goes back to Faraday (1831), has recently been treated by Ezerskii et al. (1986) and Milner (1991) in the limit of deep-water capillary waves (kd, kl* [Gt ] 1, where l* is the capillary length). Ezerskii et al. show that the square pattern is unstable for sufficiently large ε—δ, and Milner shows that nonlinear damping is necessary for equilibration of the square pattern. The present formulation extends those of Ezerskii et al. and Milner to capillary–gravity waves and finite depth and incorporates third-order parametric forcing, which is neglected in these earlier formulations but is comparable with third-order damping. There are quantitative differences in the resulting evolution equations (for kd, kl* [Gt ] 1), which appear to reflect errors in the earlier work. These formulations determine a locus of admissible waves, but they do not select a particular wave. The hypothesis that the selection process maximizes the energy-transfer rate to the Faraday wave selects the maximum of the resonance curve in a frequency-amplitude plane.
Processing missing and inaccurate data in a condition based maintenance database

Condition-based maintenance (CBM) is a maintenance approach wherein equipment repair or replacement decisions are based on the current and projected health of the equipment measured by periodic collection and analysis of data. In this context, the accuracy of data is vital. Unfortunately, missing and inaccurate data are recurring problems in many CBM database. These problems can cause bias or lead to inaccurate analysis. A comparison between five methods of processing missing and inaccurate data is presented. The comparison is based on calculating the accuracy of diagnosis of machine's health when the algorithm called Logical Analysis of Data (LAD) is used. An application is presented when data is processed by these methods. The results are shown and discussed.
Algebraic approximants: a new method of series analysis

The authors propose a new method of series analysis in which the available series coefficients are fitted to an algebraic equation. Such a proposal restricts solutions to have algebraic singularities with rational critical exponents. The advantage of the method over the method of differential approximants is that in those cases where the two methods are exact, the algebraic approximant method usually (though not invariably) requires far fewer series coefficients for its exact specification, and hence discovery. The method is therefore potentially valuable in the study of two-dimensional critical systems in particular.
Distinct sets of genetic alterations in melanoma.

BACKGROUND Exposure to ultraviolet light is a major causative factor in melanoma, although the relationship between risk and exposure is complex. We hypothesized that the clinical heterogeneity is explained by genetically distinct types of melanoma with different susceptibility to ultraviolet light. METHODS We compared genome-wide alterations in the number of copies of DNA and mutational status of BRAF and N-RAS in 126 melanomas from four groups in which the degree of exposure to ultraviolet light differs: 30 melanomas from skin with chronic sun-induced damage and 40 melanomas from skin without such damage; 36 melanomas from palms, soles, and subungual (acral) sites; and 20 mucosal melanomas. RESULTS We found significant differences in the frequencies of regional changes in the number of copies of DNA and mutation frequencies in BRAF among the four groups of melanomas. Samples could be correctly classified into the four groups with 70 percent accuracy on the basis of the changes in the number of copies of genomic DNA. In two-way comparisons, melanomas arising on skin with signs of chronic sun-induced damage and skin without such signs could be correctly classified with 84 percent accuracy. Acral melanoma could be distinguished from mucosal melanoma with 89 percent accuracy. Eighty-one percent of melanomas on skin without chronic sun-induced damage had mutations in BRAF or N-RAS; the majority of melanomas in the other groups had mutations in neither gene. Melanomas with wild-type BRAF or N-RAS frequently had increases in the number of copies of the genes for cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and cyclin D1 (CCND1), downstream components of the RAS-BRAF pathway. CONCLUSIONS The genetic alterations identified in melanomas at different sites and with different levels of sun exposure indicate that there are distinct genetic pathways in the development of melanoma and implicate CDK4 and CCND1 as independent oncogenes in melanomas without mutations in BRAF or N-RAS.
In vivo high‐resolution magnetic resonance skin imaging at 1.5 T and 3 T

As a noninvasive modality, MR is attractive for in vivo skin imaging. Its unique soft tissue contrast makes it an ideal imaging modality to study the skin water content and to resolve the different skin layers. In this work, the challenges of in vivo high‐resolution skin imaging are addressed. Three 3D Cartesian sequences are customized to achieve high‐resolution imaging and their respective performance is evaluated. The balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) and gradient echo (GRE) sequences are fast but can be sensitive to off‐resonance artifacts. The fast large‐angle spin echo (FLASE) sequence provides a sharp depiction of the hypodermis structures but results in more specific absorption rate (SAR). The effect of increasing the field strength is assessed. As compared to 1.5 T, signal‐to‐noise ratio at 3 T slightly increases in the hypodermis and almost doubles in the dermis. The need for fat/water separation is acknowledged and a solution using an interleaved three‐point Dixon method and an iterative reconstruction is shown to be effective. The effects of motion are analyzed and two techniques to prevent motion and correct for it are evaluated. Images with 117 × 117 × 500 μm3 resolution are obtained in imaging times under 6 min. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early hepatic changes induced by nuarimol in rats

It is commonly believed that in short‐term tests hepatic cytochrome P‐450b inducers stimulate liver enlargement and mitogenesis in the absence of overt hepatotoxic effects. In this investigation male Wistar rats received naurimol (an organochlorine pesticide) in one, three and five oral doses of 31.5, 62.5 and 125 mg kg−body wt. day−, whereupon the effects on liver were determined. The early effects were dose‐dependent increases in p‐nitroanisole metabolism, hepatocyte proliferation (DNA synthesis and mitotic activity) and liver weight. Five administrations of the lowest does (31.5 mg kg−1body wt. day−1) did not change liver weight, despite increased p‐nitroanisole metabolism and hepatocyte proliferation. In contrast to p‐nitroanisole metabolism and hepatomegaly, proliferation was only transient and disappeared even when treatment continued. The increase in binuclear hepatocytes and signs of necrosis suggested that the hepatomitogenic effect of nuarimol reflected a regenerative response, which may simulate the proliferation caused by partial hepatectomy.
Internal audit in the department of medicine of a community hospital; two years' experience.

The medical audit here described was part of a program intended to evaluate and improve the quality of patient care in a hospital; the immediate question was the quality of the medical records. An auditing committee was formed to assign a numerical grade to each chart. The criteria were the accuracy and completeness of the diagnosis, the adequacy of the treatment, the adequacy of the progress notes, the use of consultation when needed, and the completeness of the physical examination. If a chart was given a mark below a critical level, the physician was notified and given the opportunity to review the chart with the auditing committee. The three members of the committee each had a tenure of three months. The fact that one member began and one ended service each month made it a group project; participation was a valuable experience and not an excessive burden. The medical audit has been effective in improving the medical records of the hospital. Staff members who have been doing good work can see that it is appreciated, and others are stimulated to improve.
Sperm chemotaxis in marine invertebrates—molecules and mechanisms

Sperm are attracted by chemical substances which are released by the egg. This process is called chemotaxis. Several molecules that are involved in chemotactic signaling of sperm from marine invertebrates are described and a model of the signaling pathway is presented. We discuss the motor response during chemotaxis and propose a model of the navigation strategy of sperm. J. Cell. Physiol. 208: 487–494, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
White matter microstructural changes in pure Alzheimer's disease and subcortical vascular dementia

Recent studies have demonstrated that Alzheimer's disease (AD) and subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD) have white matter (WM) microstructural changes. However, previous studies on AD and SVaD rarely eliminated the confounding effects of patients with mixed Alzheimer's and cerebrovascular disease pathologies. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the divergent topography of WM microstructural changes in patients with pure AD and SVaD.
Simulation and experimental validation of resonant electric markers used for medical device tracking in magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was traditionally used for patient diagnosis, has gained in importance in minimally invasive interventions in the recent past. Hence, there is an increasing demand for medical devices compatible with the MR environment. One of the challenges is to visualize the medical devices, e.g. catheters, within the MR image. Several methods exist to cope with this task.
Operational characteristics of radiology groups in the United States in 1992.

PURPOSE To determine the operational characteristics of radiology groups in the United States in 1992. MATERIALS AND METHODS The American College of Radiology surveyed a stratified random sample of 695 radiology groups, including academic departments, units in multispecialty groups, and staff of government facilities. After intensive follow-up, a 69% response rate was achieved for in-scope groups. The responses were weighted to show what findings would have been if all radiology groups in the country had responded. RESULTS Thirteen percent of groups practiced in a university or teaching hospital; 59%, in a nonprofit hospital; and 18%, in a proprietary hospital; 42% routinely read images obtained by other practices; and 15% were involved with mobile vans. Radiologists in diagnostic-only practices averaged 11,100 procedures per year per full-time equivalent. However, the average was about one-third lower in office-only practices and primarily academic practices. Most groups had no female radiologists. CONCLUSION Workload data show a great deal of variability and means should not be taken as standards.
Mutants TP53 p.R273H and p.R273C but not p.R273G Enhance Cancer Cell Malignancy

Mutation of the tumor suppressor TP53 gene occurs in greater than half of all human cancers. In addition to loss of tumor suppressor function of wild‐type TP53, gain‐of‐function mutations endow cancer cells with more malignant properties. R273 is a mutation hotspot with the p.R273H, p.R273C, and p.R273G variants occurring most commonly in patient samples. To better understand the consequences of these R273 mutations, we constructed cancer cell lines expressing TP53 p.R273H, p.R273C, or p.R273G and explored their characteristics. We found that p.R273H and p.R273C, but not p.R273G, enhanced proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance in vitro. Furthermore, breast cancer susceptibility protein 1 was upregulated by mutant TP53 p.R273H and p.R273C in response to DNA damage and repair. Transcriptional analysis of the TP53‐R273 mutants by RNA‐seq confirmed that the apoptosis pathway was less active in p.R273H and p.R273C, compared with R273G. Molecular dynamics simulation further revealed that TP53‐R273G binds more tightly to DNA than TP53‐R273H or TP53‐R273C. These findings indicate that mutation of TP53 at a single codon has different effects, and likely clinical implications. p.R273H and p.R273C lead to a more aggressive phenotype than p.R273G. These findings may contribute to future diagnosis and therapy in TP53 mutant cancers.
The Effect of Information and Communication Technology in Innovation Level : The Panama SMEs Case

The information and Communication technology play an essential role in the development in the level of innovation in Enterprise, not only large corporations, but also micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, they also facilitate the growth and development of the organizations in a highly, globalized and competitive world, as the one that characterizes the current century. Therefore, the essential objective of this research work is to analyze existing effects between information and communication technologies in the level of innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises, using a sample of 615 micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in Panama. The results obtained show that information and communication technologies have significant positive effects in innovation activities of companies.
„Dinosaur Collagen‟ Computational Structure Modelling and Docking Analysis with α1 (I) Integrin Domain

Three peptides from two unique collagen sequences (α1 and α2 chains) of two dinosaur species i.e. Tyrannosaurus rex and Brachylophosaurus canadensis had previously been found to overlap with the integrin binding site on the rat collagen microfibril structure and was reported to be a significant non-random distribution suggesting mechanisms of protein survival over long geologic periods. The sequences of these peptides featuring certain conserved residues as was revealed by analyzing multiple alignments from different organisms, functional importance of recognition motif and the nature of collagen itself favoring conservation, were used to computationally model the triple helix structure and the resultant structure was docked with the crystal structure of α1 (I) Integrin domain (PDB Code-2M32). Similar patterns of interaction were observed between the receptor i.e. α1 (I) Integrin domain and each of the different ligands i.e. modelled collagen structure of the two dinosaur species and the synthetic collagen mimetic peptide (present in the original complex of 2M32).
Contribution of individual promoters in the ddlB–ftsZ region to the transcription of the essential cell‐division gene ftsZ in Escherichia coli

The essential cell‐division gene ftsZ is transcribed in Escherichia coli from at least six promoters found within the coding regions of the upstream ddlB, ftsQand ftsA genes. The contribution of each one to the final yield of ftsZ transcription has been estimated using transcriptional lacZ fusions. The most proximal promoter, ftsZ2p, contributes less than 5% of the total transcription from the region that reaches ftsZ. The ftsZ4p and ftsZ3p promoters, both located inside ftsA, produce almost 37% of the transcription. An ftsAp promoter within the ftsQ gene yields nearly 12% of total transcription from the region. A large proportion of transcription (≈ 46%) derives from promoters ftsQ2p and ftsQ1p, which are located inside the upstream ddlB gene. Thus, the ftsQAZ genes are to a large extent transcribed as a polycistronic mRNA. However, we find that the ftsZ proximal region is necessary for full expression, which is in agreement with a recent report that mRNA cleavage by RNase E at the end of the ftsA cistron has a significant role in the contol of ftsZ expression.
Translocation form of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome --assessment of recurrence rate probability.

PURPOSE The families experienced by occurrence of child with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS: OMIM # 194190) and by other unfavourable pregnancy outcomes (miscarriages or stillbirths/early deaths and partial trisomy 4p imbalance leading to intellectual disability in live born progeny) are asking for genetic counseling. In order to obtain the recurrence probability rates for the particular forms of unfavourable pregnancy we collected the empirical data and evaluated pedigrees of reciprocal chromosome translocations (RCT) carriers involving 4p. Results were applied to family of carrier of t(4;11)(p16.1;q23.3) ascertained by four miscarriages, in which latter the girl with WHS was born. MATERIAL AND METHODS Total empirical data about 170 pregnancies of 46 carriers were collected from 25 pedigrees RCT at risk for single segment imbalance. Classification was based mostly on cytogenetic methods. The probability rates of particular type of pathology related to total number of pregnancies after ascertainment correction have been calculated according to the method of Stengel-Rutkowski and Stene. RESULTS The risk figures for unbalanced offspring after 2:2 disjunction and adjacent-1 segregation for whole group of pedigrees were calculated as 15.2 +/- 3.5% (16/105), for unbalanced fetuses at second trimester of prenatal diagnosis as 50 +/- 13.4% (7/14), for miscarriages about 19 +/- 3.8% (20/105) and for stillbirths/early death as 15.2 +/- 3.5% (16/105). The higher probability rate for RCT carriers at risk for distal 4p--shorter segment imbalance (28.6 +/- 12%, 4/14) in comparison to the rate for proximal (medium) one as 15.4 +/- 4.5% (10/65) and to more proximal (longer) one as 7.7 +/- 5.2% (2/26) were found. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that the recurrence probability rates are different for particular categories of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes and dependent on size and genetic content of unbalanced 4p segments.
On-Line Versus Memory-Based Processing: The Role of “Need to Evaluate” in Person Perception

Two studies are reported examining individual differences in the need to evaluate as a determinant of memory-based versus online information processing. In each study, participants read statements describing the behaviors of a hypothetical target person and reported their attitudes toward this person. Consistent with expectations, high need to evaluate individuals formed attitudes in a spontaneous, on-line fashion, whereas low need to evaluate individuals formed them in a less spontaneous, more memory-based fashion. This conclusion was supported by two kinds of evidence: attitude-recall valence relationships (Experiments 1 and 2) and response latency measures (Experiment 2). These results suggest that evaluative responding in the domain of person perception is less pervasive than concluded in prior research.