Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of selected indicators of particle, nutrient and metal inputs in coral reef lagoon systems

This review presents environmental and biological indicators of the impact of three major categories of inputs in coral reef lagoons i.e. particles, nutrients and metals. Information was synthesized to extract well established indicators together with some interesting new concepts currently under development, and to provide the reader with an assessment of their respective advantages and drawbacks. The paper has been organized according to the capacity of three categories of indicators to respond either in a specific or a non specific way to a given source of input. The first section focuses on abiotic indicators which main interest is to respond instantaneously and in a truly specific way to a given source of input. The second and third sections present informations on bioindicators either at the sub-individual level or at the individual to community level, indicator specificity generally decreasing as a direct function of biological or ecological complexity. This review showed that even though significant work has already been done on coral reef ecosystems, much more scientific studies are still needed to answer the growing local demands for simple and truly validated tools to be used in environmental surveys. It is further stressed that, due to the biological and environmental diversity of coral reef lagoons, a preliminary step of on-site validation must be considered as an absolute prerequisite when indicators are planned to be used in the frame of a local environmental monitoring programme.
Conditional Clocking Flip-Flop for Low Power High-Speed Mobile Application SOC

An extremely low-power flip-flop named topologically-compressed flip-flop is planned. As compared with standard FFs, the FF reduces power dissipation by seventy fifth at 1/3 information activity. This power reduction magnitude relation is that the highest among FFs that are reported thus far. The reduction is achieved by applying topological compression methodology, merger of logically equivalent transistors to associate unconventional latch structure. The terribly little variety of transistors, only three, connected to clock signal reduces the facility drastically, and therefore the smaller total transistor count assures identical cell space as standard FFs. In addition, absolutely static full-swing operation makes the cell tolerant of provide voltage and input slew variation. associate experimental chip design with forty nm CMOS technology shows that nearly all standard FFs are replaceable with planned FF whereas protective the same system performance and layout space.
Bank Efficiency and Default in Brazil: Causality Tests

Periods of Financial Stability are associated to low bank efficiency and high non-performing loans in credit portfolios. Therefore, this paper studies the relationship between bank efficiency and non-performing loans. To evaluate the bank efficiency, we employ a Data Envelopment Analysis. We employ the Arelano-Bond dynamic panel approach and a panel-VAR to test whether non-performing loans Granger cause bank efficiency (bad luck hypothesis) or whether bank efficiency affects loan quality (management with risk aversion). Empirical results for the Brazilian case corroborate the second hypothesis.
Intersexual differences in body shape and locomotor performance in the aquatic frog, Xenopus tropicalis

Dimorphisms between the sexes are common in vertebrates and may reflect the divergent selective pressures operating on each sex. For example, in species where males do not show territory defense or pronounced male‐male combat, females are typically larger than males as fecundity selection will favor large female body size. This is often the case in frogs where male‐male competition is limited to calling behavior. Yet, whether differences in reproductive strategies between the two sexes are reflected in shape dimorphisms, and how those differences in shape may affect relevant whole-organism performance traits, remains poorly studied. Here we use Xenopus tropicalis frogs to test for intersexual differences in body size, body shape and locomotor performance traits. Our results show that females are larger than males, but that males have relatively longer limbs and heads than females. In absolute terms, males and females perform equally well at different locomotor tasks (burst performance and maximal exertion capacity). Yet, for a given body size, males have a higher exertion capacity than females. Increased exertion capacity in males is likely the consequence of their relatively longer limbs and may reflect selection on locomotor capacity in males to compensate for their smaller absolute body size.
AI based Safety System for Employees of Manufacturing Industries in Developing Countries

In this paper authors are going to present a Markov Decision Process (MDP) based algorithm in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) as a safety compliance layer for human in loop system. Though some industries are moving towards Industry 4.0 and attempting to automate the systems as much as possible by using robots, still human in loop systems are very common in developing countries like India. When ever there is a need for human machine interaction, there is a scope of health hazard. In this work we have developed a system for one such industry using MDP. The proposed algorithm used in this system learned the probability of state transition from experience as well as the system is adaptable to new changes by incorporating the concept of transfer learning. The system was evaluated on the data set obtained from 39 sensors connected to a computer numerically controlled (CNC) machine pushing data every second in a 24x7 scenario. The state changes are typically instructed by a human which subsequently lead to some intentional or unintentional mistakes and errors. The proposed system raises an alarm for the operator to warn which he may or may not overlook depending on his own perception about the present condition of the system. Repeated ignorance of the operator for a particular state transition warning guides the system to retrain the model. We observed 95.61% alarms raised by the said system are taken care of by the operator. 3.2% alarms are coming from the changes in the system which in turn used to retrain the model and 1.19% alarms are false alarms. We could not compute the error coming from the mistake performed by the human operator as there is no ground truth available for that.
Signal Processing, Pattern Formation and Adaptation in Neural Oscillators

Abstract : In this project, we developed a theoretical framework for auditory neural processing and auditory perception. We modeled the auditory system as a dynamical system consisting of oscillatory networks, and auditory perception as stable dynamic patterns formed in the networks in response to acoustic signals. We developed GrFNNs, generic models that capture the neurocomputational properties of a family of neurophysiological models using bifurcation theory. We conducted theoretical analyses of GrFNNs and made significant progress in understanding the signal processing, pattern formation and plasticity in them. We developed three models that exploit these properties to model important aspects of auditory neurophysiology and auditory perception: a model of cochlear dynamics, a model of mode-locked neural oscillation in the human auditory brainstem, and a model of cortical phase locking to auditory rhythms. Future modeling efforts based on canonical dynamical systems could bring us closer to understanding fundamental mechanisms of hearing, communication, and auditory system development
The role of inheritance in the development of adolescent varicoceles

Background The prevalence of varicoceles is estimated to be 15% in the general population but is nearly 35% among men with primary infertility and increases by 10% with each decade of life. Studies among adults infer a higher rate of varicoceles among first-degree relatives of patients with varicoceles. However, these studies do not consider the presence of varicoceles, or other venous abnormalities, at the time of desired paternity in first-degree relatives of adolescent patients. Our aim was to document the prevalence of varicoceles and varicose veins among first-degree relatives of pediatric patients diagnosed with varicoceles. Methods A series of 884 patients between the ages of 17 and 22 diagnosed with a varicocele were contacted and of the responders, permission was asked to discuss family history. Each patient underwent a telephone survey regarding the presence of a varicocele in the father prior to achieving paternity, the presence of a varicocele in brothers in childhood, or varicose veins in the father and mother prior to achieving pregnancy. If a varicocele or varicose vein was present, a history of intervention was surveyed. Descriptive statistics were performed to assess overall prevalence of varicocele and varicose veins in first-degree relatives. Chi-squared and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results In total, 152 patients (17.2%) responded and 139 (91.4%) consented to the telephone survey (mean age 19.5±1.84 years old). Overall, 12.9% of fathers had varicoceles and 8.6% of fathers underwent surgical intervention. Among siblings, 18 individuals had a varicocele and 5.6% of siblings with varicocele required intervention. Varicose veins were diagnosed in 7.9% of fathers and 25.2% of mothers; 8.6% of mothers underwent intervention. Surveillance was employed in 76.3% of patients, and surgery undertaken 21.6%. Patients with grade 2 or 3 varicoceles were more likely to have a father with a varicocele than those with grade 1 varicocele (P=0.037). Patients with grade 2 varicocele were more likely to have a father who required varicocele surgery than grade 1 (P=0.019). There was no statistical association of adolescent varicocele and varicose veins in first degree relatives (P=0.306). Conclusions This series shows that while a father’s prevalence is similar to that of the general population, higher grade varicoceles were associated with a higher prevalence of varicoceles and surgical ligation. This suggests the existence of a hereditary predisposition to high grade varicoceles. Furthermore, varicocele is not associated with varicose veins in first degree relatives.
Flat Bunches with a Hollow Distribution for Space Charge Mitigation

Longitudinally hollow bunches provide one means to mitigate the impact of transverse space charge. The hollow distributions are created via dipolar parametric excitation during acceleration in CERN’s Proton Synchrotron Booster. We present simulation work and beam measurements. Particular emphasis is given to the alleviation of space charge effects on the long injection plateau of the downstream Proton Synchrotron machine, which is the main goal of this study.
Knowledge Sharing in IT Consultant and SME Interactions

Many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) depend on consultants to overcome knowledge barriers, especially for IT projects. This paper aims to determine how IT consultants affect the IT knowledge of SMEs when IT consultants and SMEs interact. Data were collected using faceto-face interviews with both IT consultants and SME managers. The study is the first to identify what and how SMEs learn from consultants during an IT implementation project. Consultants help SMEs gain different types of knowledge, employing a broad range of knowledge sharing mechanisms. As consultants are an important part of the knowledge creation processes of SMEs, SMEs should strive to form long-term relationships with consultants and use these interactions to develop IT knowledge within the SME.
Computable fields and arithmetically definable ordered fields

Introduction. A computable field is one whose elements may be placed in one-one correspondence with the natural numbers in such a way that the number theoretic functions corresponding to the field operations are recursive. In the same vein a field is called arithmetically definable (AD for short) if its elements may be placed in one-one correspondence with the natural numbers in such a way that the number theoretic functions corresponding to the field operations are arithmetical. These notions clearly extend in an obvious way to ordered fields and indeed to algebraic structures in general. The term computable structure (group, ring, etc.) was probably introduced for the first time by M. 0. Rabin [4], however, a similar notion was discussed a few years earlier by Frohlich and Shepherdson [1]. Each of these references contains a number of interesting theorems on computable structures. Some results concerning AD structures appear in [2 ]. The main purpose of the present paper is to show that the fields of real algebraic numbers, constructible numbers, and solvable numbers, which were shown to be AD in [2], are in fact computable. This answers a question raised in footnote (2) of [2 ].
Influence The USE of Pesticides in The Quality of Surface and Groundwater Located IN Irrigated Areas of Jaguaribe, Ceara, Brazil

The irrigated area of Jaguaribe, Ceara, Brazil is considered important region of agribusiness ofthe country due to the installation of various fruit exporting companies. The present work has as main objectiveinvestigate twelve types of pesticides (molinate, atrazine, methyl parathion, malathion, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion,pendimenthalin, triazophos, bentazone, azoxystrobin, propiconazole, difenoconazole) used in the region to assessthe level of contamination of waters used for potable and irrigation. Analysis of pesticides were performed usingchromatographic techniques (SPME-GC/MS and SPE-HPLC/DAD) through methodologies validated accordingto parameters recommended by ABNT. Among the 60 water samples, 48 were positive for at least one of thetwelve active ingredients studied. Fungicides propiconazole and difenoconazole were detected more frequently.The total pesticide levels ranging from 0.11-17.30 μg/L were detected in the samples. The levels detected insurface and groundwater were lower than the limits established in Brazil, but 80% of the samples analyzed wereabove total pesticide levels established by the European Community (>0.5 μg/L). Prolonged exposure to pesticidescan cause adverse effects to human health and the aquatic ecosystem
Fresh Siam ( C hromolaena odorata ) Weed Leaf Extract in the Control of Housefly ( Musca domestica )

Chromolaena odorata has been known as nuisance weed in agricultural farms. There are studies on its insecticidal properties, but its potential as control to housefly is not yet explored. This research was undertaken to determine the beneficial use of fresh Siam weed leaf extract (FSWLE) to eradicate housefly. Result of this study is beneficial to farmers/vegetable growers in Sitio Pactil in Bauko Monamun Sur Mountain Province, a partner community of San Beda College Manila in its extension or community involvement. Villagers in Pactil Mountain Province used chicken dung to fertilize their vegetable. Chicken dung/manure is an organic fertilizer that attracts houseflies which act as vectors of common diseases. Specifically this study seeks to find out what best concentration and what exposure technique of fresh Siam weed leaves will get rid of the houseflies. Experimental research method with five treatments was utilized. Gathered data was analyzed using ANOVA two-factorial. Findings of the study revealed that highest percentage of mortality after thirty two hours observation, was obtained from treatment 5 (60%percent FSWLEapplied as spray). Based on this result vegetable growers, farmers, household members can use FSWLE to eradicate houseflies, to prevent the occurrence of diseases that is brought about by this insect. 
Koopman wavefunctions and classical–quantum correlation dynamics

Upon revisiting the Hamiltonian structure of classical wavefunctions in Koopman–von Neumann theory, this paper addresses the long-standing problem of formulating a dynamical theory of classical–quantum coupling. The proposed model not only describes the influence of a classical system onto a quantum one, but also the reverse effect—the quantum backreaction. These interactions are described by a new Hamiltonian wave equation overcoming shortcomings of currently employed models. For example, the density matrix of the quantum subsystem is always positive definite. While the Liouville density of the classical subsystem is generally allowed to be unsigned, its sign is shown to be preserved in time for a specific infinite family of hybrid classical–quantum systems. The proposed description is illustrated and compared with previous theories using the exactly solvable model of a degenerate two-level quantum system coupled to a classical harmonic oscillator.
Fuzzy based Stable Clustering Protocol forHeterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

-In this paper a novel Fuzzy based Stable Clustering Protocol (FSCP)for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)is proposed. The major focus of protocol is on network coverage and lifetime enhancement. It is observed that not only energy of sensor nodes but also the cluster headsdistancesaffect both network coverage and network lifetime. In this protocol, fuzzy logic with cluster head update rule is implemented to improve network coverage, throughput and network lifetime under multilevel heterogeneous network. For optimum number of cluster heads, probabilities of cluster heads are decided by fuzzy logic in which fuzzy logicselects CHs which have plenty of energy and satisfy distance criteria. Along this CH update rule also removes the unfavorable scenario of no CHs.These two factors, fuzzy logic and CH update rule better enhances the network performance when it is compared with LEACH, SEP, DEEC and EDCS protocol. Through simulation, it is justified that network coverage is improved by 17.50 % than EDCS protocol.
Antioxidant-oxidant status in patients with hydatid cyst

Objectives: To determine whether oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of hydatid cyst by examining levels of total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, and activities of the enzymes paraoxonase and arylesterase in patients with hydatid cyst. Methods: Thirty patients with hydatid cyst whom were positive for indirect hemagglutination and Echinococcus granulosus IgG ELISA tests were included in the patient group. Thirty-five healthy subjects that were negative for hydatid cyst by indirect hemagglutination and Echinococcus granulosus IgG ELISA tests, and did not have any parasites on stool inspection constituted the control group. Total antioxidant status, total oxidant status levels and paraoxonase, arylesterase activities were determined using commercial kits on an autoanalyzer. Oxidative stress index was calculated from a percent ratio of total peroxide level to the total antioxidant status level. Results: Serum total antioxidant status, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index levels of patients with hydatid cyst were significantly increased compared to the control group (p <0.05). Paraoxonase, and arylesterase activities of patients with hydatid cyst were significantly lower than the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion: Oxidative stress is increased in patients with hydatid cyst resulting in decreased paraoxonase and arylesterase activities. Increased oxidative stress might lead to increased tissue necrosis and inflammation. Therefore administration of an antioxidant therapy in addition to the routine treatment should be considered in this group of patients. It should also be noted that anti-atherosclerotic effect is reduced for a prolonged time secondary to
The elastic wave motions for a photothermal medium of a dual-phase-lag model with an internal heat source and gravitational field

In this work, the dual-phase-lag (DPL) heat transfer model is introduced to study the problem of an isotropic generalized thermoelastic medium with an internal heat source that is moving with a constant speed. Thermal loading at the free surface of a semi-infinite semiconconducting medium coupled plasma waves with the effect of mechanical force during a photothermal process to study the effect of a gravity field. Harmonic wave analysis is used to obtain exact expressions for the considered variables, also the carrier density coefficients were obtained analytically. The variations of the considered variables through the horizontal distance are illustrated graphically under the effects of several parameters based on the DPL model. The results are discussed and depicted graphically.
Analysis : A Perspective on its Past , Present and Future

The proliferat ion of Web-enabled devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones, enables people to communicate, participate and collaborate with each other in various Web communit ies, viz., fo rums, social networks, blogs. Simultaneously, the enormous amount of heterogeneous data that is generated by the users of these communities, offers an unprecedented opportunity to create and employ theories & technologies that search and retrieve relevant data from the huge quantity of information available and mine fo r opinions thereafter. Consequently, Sentiment Analysis which automat ically extracts and analyses the subjectivities and sentiments (or polarities) in written text has emerged as an active area of research. This paper previews and reviews the substantial research on the subject of sentiment analysis, expounding its basic terminology, tasks and granularity levels. It further gives an overview of the stateof – art depicting some previous attempts to study sentiment analysis. Its practical and potential applications are also discussed, followed by the issues and challenges that will keep the field dynamic and lively for years to come.
Branch and Bound Algorithm for Optimal Sensor Network Design

Abstract The sensor network design procedure developed by Nabil and Narasimhan (2012), which relates process economics and data reconciliation, involves the formulation of a mixed integer cone program. The solution to this problem yields the globally optimal sensor network. A branch and bound method can be used to find the global optimum; however, for systems with large numbers of variables, this approach may require a large amount of computational effort to find the solution. In this paper, a specialized branch and bound algorithm is proposed for solving the sensor network design problem, which uses certain heuristics to obtain a solution faster. One involves a low rank factorization to reduce the size of the relaxed problem. The other involves an approximation of the global lower bound for the branch and bound solution. The utility of this algorithm is demonstrated on a simple flow network, a small but realistic evaporator system, and a medium sized steam metering network.