Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modulation characteristics of a high-power semiconductor Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA)

A semiconductor master oscillator-power amplifier was demonstrated using an anti-reflection (AR) coated broad area laser as the amplifier. Under CW operation, diffraction-limited single-longitudinal-mode powers up to 340 mW were demonstrated. The characteristics of the far-field pattern were measured and compared to a two-dimensional reflective Fabry-Perot amplifier model of the device. The MOPA configuration was modulated by the master oscillator. Prior to injection into the amplifier, the amplitude and frequency modulation properties of the master oscillator were characterized. The frequency response of the MOPA configuration was characterized for an AM/FM modulated injection beam, and was found to be a function of the frequency detuning between the master oscillator and the resonant amplifier. A shift in the phase was also observed as a function of frequency detuning; this phase shift is attributed to the optical phase shift imparted to a wave reflected from a Fabry-Perot cavity. Square-wave optical pulses were generated at 10 MHz and 250 MHz with diffraction-limited peak powers of 200 mW and 250 mW. The peak power for a given modulation frequency is found to be limited by the injected power and the FM modulation at that frequency. The modulation results make the MOPA attractive for use as a transmitter source in applications such as free-space communications and ranging/altimetry.
Sensorless field-oriented control for six-phase induction machines

In this paper, the classical vector control of six-phase induction machines (SPIM) is analyzed. It is shown that this method is sensitive with respect to the rotor time constant. Then a new vector control law, which minimizes the closed-loop system sensitivity with respect to the motor resistances error, is proposed. It consists in using the back-EMF vector in the control law. The back-EMF vector is estimated by a linear disturbance observer. Then, a reduced-order observer and an adaptive full order observer are applied to sensorless control of SPIM. The simulation results show that the closed-loop system performances are satisfactory using the proposed method.
Development of Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation System to Test HVDC Controllers

Recently, it is anticipated that high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems will be applied to interconnection between the mainland and off-shore wind farms, power flow control for alternating current (AC) power girds, long distance transmission, and interconnection of the supergrid. For these reasons, controllers and protection systems as subsystems for the various HVDC system applications have been developing. It is difficult to test them in the real HVDC system practically because the HVDC system is a huge system. In this paper, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) system based on the eMEGAsim real-time digital simulator (RTDS) supplied by OPAL-RT. CIRGE benchmark HVDC system is modeled and a CompactRIO-based controller of the HVDC system is designed. The controller is tested in the HILS system to show the control performance.
Understanding the ethnic inequality of the Thai Lao through perspectives on promoting social inclusion policy in Thailand in accordance with UN Sustainable Development Goal 10.2

ABSTRACT This article presents one of the first attempts to understand UN Sustainable Development Goal 10.2 (UNSDG 10.2) on reducing inequality as applied to a major ethnic minority community via a simultaneous application of three theoretical aspects of inclusion theory, itself an extension of social justice theory, i.e. via social, economic, and political inclusion. Thailand, recently under military rule for five years, experiences extreme differences in horizontal structural inequalities by ethnicity. These developmental differences, unacknowledged by the Thai state, nonetheless affect state-minority relations, particularly the relationship between the dominant Central Thai ethnic community and the Thai Lao (TL) ethnic community. The general policy prescription to address such inequalities by ethnicity is to promote greater inclusion, as in UNSDG 10.2. As the state does not properly recognise the TL, this is problematic. This study applied a novel theoretical framework to obtain and analyse opinions from ‘Establishment’ and ‘Local Government Officials’ (LGO) samples as to whether and how to promote greater inclusion.
Physics Augmented U-Net: A High-Frequency Aware Generative Prior for Microscopy

A key challenge in optical microscopy is to image fast at high-resolution. To address this problem, we propose “Physics Augmented U-Net”, which combines deep learning and structured illumination microscopy (SIM). In SIM, the structured illumination aliases out-of-band high-frequencies to the passband of the microscope; thus SIM captures some high-frequencies even when the image is sampled at low-resolution. To utilize these features, we propose a three-element method: 1) a modified U-Net model, 2) a physics-based forward model of SIM 3) an inference algorithm combining the two models. The modified U-Net architecture is similar to the seminal work, but the bottleneck is modified by concatenating two latent vectors, one encoding low-frequencies (LFLV), and the other encoding high-frequencies (HFLV). LFLV is learned by U-Net contracting path, and HFLV is learned by a second encoding path. In the inference mode, the high-frequency encoder is removed; HFLV is then optimized to fit the measured microscopy images to the output of the forward model for the generated image by the U-Net. We validated our method on two different datasets under different experimental conditions. Since a latent vector is optimized instead of a 2D image, the inference mode is less computationally complex. The proposed model is also more stable compared to other generative prior-based methods. Finally, as the forward model is independent of the U-Net, Physics Augmented U-Net can enhance resolution on any variation of SIM without further retraining.
Ultra‐wideband three‐way power divider using broadside‐coupled microstrip‐coplanar waveguide

A compact three‐way power divider with ultra‐wideband (UWB) performance is presented. The proposed device utilizes a simple and low‐cost broadside‐coupled microstrip‐coplanar waveguide structure. The conformal mapping technique is used to find the dimensions of the device. The simulated and measured output power, return loss, and isolation validate the suitability of the proposed divider for the UWB applications that operate across the frequency band from 3.1 GHz to more than 10.6 GHz. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:196–199, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26492
An In-Kernel Solution Based on XDP for 5G UPF: Design, Prototype and Performance Evaluation

The edge computing infrastructure can scale from datacenters to single device. The well-known technology for fast packet processing is DPDK, which has outstanding performance regarding the throughput and latency. However, there are some drawbacks when the usage is done in the edge: (i) the polling mechanism for packet processing keeps the CPU exclusively occupied even if there is no traffic, leading to wasted resources; and (ii) DPDK interface becomes unavailable for the applications inside the host, so the integration between a non-DPDK application and a DPDK application becomes a hard task. In this paper, we propose an open-source in-kernel 5G UPF solution based on 3GPP Release 16 to be deployed in a restrictive environment like MEC, where MEC host and UPF are collocated with the Base Station, sharing the same computational and network resources. The solution leverages the eBPF/XDP, a novel Linux kernel technology for fast packet processing. We show it can scale and achieve 10 Mpps using only 60% of the CPU with 6 cores.
Maximum power point tracking with capacitor identifier for photovoltaic power system

A perturbation and observation method with a capacitor identifier is presented for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in a photovoltaic power system. Usually, by increasing or decreasing the duty ratio of on-state of switching device, the maximum power point is tracked. The variation of duty ratio is determined by considering its circuit parameters. However, it is known that actual capacitance of an electrolytic capacitor in parallel with the photovoltaic array has 50% tolerance of its nominal value. If the variation of duty ratio is determined based on its nominal value, the performance of the MPPT is degraded. Thus, we must change the variation of the duty ratio accordingly, based on its actual value. In the system presented, the model reference adaptive system is adapted to identify the capacitor, so the capacitance can be accurately estimated and the variation of the duty ratio can be corrected by the estimated value. As a result, the high performance of the MPPT may be obtained. Experimental results are presented using a proposed power inverter using buck-boost chopper circuits.
The Obesity-Related Metabolic Gene HSD17B8 Protects Against Breast Cancer: High RNA/Protein Expression Means a Better Prognosis

Background The incidence of breast cancer is increasing annually. Obesity and metabolism are considered risk factors for breast cancer. Discovery of obesity- and metabolism-related breast cancer prognostic genes is imminent. Material/Methods We screened metabolism-related genes (MRG) from KEGG and downloaded the obese female dataset GSE151839 from GEO, which screened differentially-expressed genes (DEGs), seen as female obesity-related genes. The intersection of MRGs and DEGs was obesity-related metabolic genes (OMGs), verified by enrichment analysis. After downloading breast cancer data from TCGA, univariate Cox regression and log-rank P analyses were used to screen hub OMGs related to breast cancer prognosis. ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, GEPIA, and GENT2 databases were used to verify the hub OMGs at the RNA level. CPTAC and HLA databases were used to verify the hub OMGs at the protein level. Results We screened 33 OMGs. The results of univariate Cox regression and log-rank P analysis showed 3 of 33 OMGs (ABCA1, LPIN1, HSD17B8) were associated with the prognosis of breast cancer patients. After verification with ROC, KM-plotter, and GEPIA, only HSD17B8 was related to breast cancer prognosis (overall/disease-free survival). Results of GENT2 showed the RNA expression of HSD17B8 in breast cancer subtypes with poor prognosis is significantly lower than that with good prognosis. Results of CPTAC and HLA databases showed that the protein expression level of HSD17B8 in breast cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues. Conclusions HSD17B8 is a protective gene against breast cancer. The higher the expression of HSD17B8, the better the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Voltage and current hybrid controlled PWM inverters using variable structure control

In this paper, the voltage and current hybrid PWM inverters using the variable structure control technique is proposed for parallel operation. The voltage-controlled PWM inverter (VCPI) unit is developed to provide a specific sinusoidal output voltage and the current-controlled PWM inverter (CCPI) units are employed to track the distributive current. Each of the VCPI and CCPI units can be operated independently. By using the variable structure control scheme, the parallel inverters can provide excellent performance without the phase-lock-loop (PLL) circuit for synchronization. The proposed scheme can result in fast dynamic response and robustness to parameter variations. Finally, simulation results are performed to verify the proposed control scheme.
French Educational Seismological Network: “Sismo des Ecoles”

Following the Princeton Earth Physics Project (PEPP), a French initiative was started in 1994 with initial support from Institut Universitaire de France. Recording earthquakes, analyzing them, and sharing information for the same event all around the world is the foundation of the project and provided opportunities for investigations with social implications in environmental sciences and instrumental physics. Specific requirements for recording seismic signals within the French school structure have been identified and addressed. The eight years of experience gained by this group of French teachers, researchers, and engineers participating in the project “Sismo des Ecoles” has resulted in a stable and permanent system where seismic data are retrieved from French schools and presented in a format for educational applications. Within the framework of the new European EduSeis initiative, Sismo des Ecoles will merge into a collaborative structure in Europe to interact with European and other international initiatives. The use of fast-link Internet is the backbone of such an initiative. Sismo des Ecoles is an educational project involving research centers, universities, and high schools in France that is focused on making pupils aware of scientific methods and culture, of the technology and the communication used in industrial societies, and of the environmental issues which must be addressed to sustain our everyday living. The technical aim of this scheme is the consolidation of a prototype of a seismographic network made of high-technology and low-cost components. The French seismic network, which started in the French Riviera area (near Nice, around Sophia Antipolis), has been running since 1998 with five broadband stations. This demonstration project, supported by the Ddpartement des Alpes Maritimes, showed the feasibility of such an experiment and resulted in the installation of 15 similar stations all around the country in 2002. These stations record teleseismic and local events in French territory. …
A bilevel time-dependent scheduling model for hazmat road transportation

The currently most hazmat transportation scheduling models mainly aim to minimize total costs in order to take into both transportation out-of-pocket expenses and risk-related costs which are viewed as static. In this work, we consider the following hazmat transportation routing strategies problem: a given set of hazmat shipments has to be shipped over a road transportation network in order to transport a given amount of hazardous materials from a specific origin point to a specific destination within the time limitation. Here we mainly concern how time factors affect hazmat transportation routing selection through accident rates and the number of suffered people(in-road, off-road and cener), and provide a bilevel time-dependent programming formulation represents the distinct decisions made by the government and the carrier for hazmat transportation scheduling problem. Then we separated the problems into two parts for solving the model. At first, we solve the outer and inner problems of the bilevel model iteratively on modified/restricted graphs. Secondly we provide a heuristic for the time-dependent shortest model. The proposed bilevel model and heuristic algorithm are experimented on real scenarios of a regional network. (6 pages)
Collaborative Web Scripting for Improved Accessibility

This paper presents WNH, the Web Navigation Helper, which is based on CoScripter, a collaborative macro recorder for the web. WNH helps blind and func- tionally illiterate users interact with websites by interpreting previously generated scripts for achieving various kinds of tasks. We report the results of a preliminary em- pirical study carried out during formative evaluation steps and discuss some of the challenges and promises associated to our findings.
Evolution of Hemodynamic Parameters Simulated by Means of Diffusion Models

Diffusion is a well-known physical phenomenon governing such processes as movement of particles or transportation of heat. In this paper, we prove that a close analogy to those processes exists in medical data behavior, and that changes in the values of medical parameters measured while treating patients may be described using diffusion models as well. The medical condition of a patient is usually described by a set of discrete values. The evolution of that condition and, consequently, of the disease has the form of a transition of that set of discrete values, which correspond to specific parameters. This is a typical medical diagnosis scheme. However, disease evolution is a phenomenon that is characterized by continuously varying, temporal characteristics. A mathematical disease evolution model is, in fact, a continuous diffusion process from one discrete slot of the diagnosed parameter value to another inside the mentioned set. The ability to predict such diffusion-related properties offer precious support in diagnostic decision-making. We have examined several hundred patients while conducting a medical research project. All patients were under treatment to stabilize their hemodynamic parameters. A diffusion model relied upon simulating the results of treatment is proposed here. Time evolution of thoraric fluid content (TFC) has been used as the illustrative example. The objective is to prove that diffusion models are a proper and convenient solution for predicting disease evolution processes. We applied the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE), considering it to be most adequate for examining the treatment results by means of diffusion. We confirmed that the phenomenon of diffusion explains the evolution of the heart disease parameters observed. The evolution of TFC has been chosen as an example of a hemodynamic parameter.
ascilite Report on Key Practitioner Interviews for the Carrick Exchange Project

This report is one of several data gathering processes implemented as part of Stage 2 of the ascilite research (January to September 2007). Full details of the ascilite project are provided in the ascilite/Carrick Exchange Proposal and Project Plan 2007. (See also reports by Phillips, Orrell and Millea (2007), and Lefoe, O'Reilly, Parrish, Bennett, Keppell and Gunn (2007)). For this segment of the research, ascilite conducted twenty-nine phone interviews with key practitioners drawn from Australian higher education, the Vocational Education and Training (VET) sector and a number of international projects. The data was analysed within a design-based research methodology. The findings were validated by three ascilite reference groups and formed the basis for further research and data gathering from the sector.
Influence of wick characteristics on heat pipe performance

The performance of a heat pipe depends on several factors, one of which is the nature of the wick structure. Optimization of heat pipe performance requires wick structures that can provide high capillary pressure, and yet still offer low resistance to fluid flow. The current level of technology being developed in our laboratory makes it possible to engineer desired wick structures both micro‐ and macroscopically, especially tailored to optimize heat pipe performance. In order to assist the fabrication of unique wick structure, the influence of wick structure characteristics on heat pipe performance is numerically investigated in this work. Numerical methods are an effective tool to significantly reduce the number of experimental trials. Comparisons are made between performances of heat pipe with different wick structures; coarse pore sizes, fine pore sizes and a composite comprised of coarse and fine pore sizes. Results indicate superior performance, with a factor of up to 2, for heat pipe with composite structure combining coarse/fine wick. Validation of the simulation result presented using experimental data is being carried out. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
INFLUENCE OF HEAVY TRUCKS ON HIGHWAY BRIDGES

In the present study, truck traffic data collected by the Florida Department of Transportation statistics office are grouped according to truck type and loading condition (loaded or empty). Mean values of truck axle weight and spacing are used to represent their average effects on bridge structures. The mathematical models of typical trucks with significant counts are established and the input data are derived from the synthesized results. These typical trucks include types 5, 8, 9, and 10. Road surface roughness is generated as multi-correlated random processes. According to the research by Honda et al., the coefficient of correlation is approximately taken as a constant. Static effects of the heavy trucks are compared with those of the standard design truck HS20-44. The tandem axle weights of the heavy trucks are found to be higher than that of HS20-44 and exceed the limit by the AASHTO Guide. Dynamic impact factors of moment at midspan and shear at end are analyzed for I-girder steel and prestressed concrete bridges ranging from 9.14 m (30 ft) to 42.67 m (140 ft). Effects of correlation of road surface roughness on dynamic impact factors are investigated. Fatigue accumulation damage incurred by the normal traffic at sites with significant counts is performed.
An electrohydrodynamic micropump

A micromachined electrohydrodynamic (EHD) injection pump is presented. The pump consists mainly of two opposed grids, which are micromachined from single crystal silicon and bonded together anodically. Pumping and static pressure generation is achieved with different polar fluids such as ethanol, propanol, or acetone, but most organic solvents can be pumped. With ethanol a maximum static pressure of 2.5 kPa (32 cm pumping head) and a pumping rate of 14 ml/min at a pressure of 420 Pa are achieved. For the realized pump the grid area measures 3 mm*3 mm and the grid distance 350 mu m. Pumping starts at DC voltages as low as 40 V, whereas 700 V are needed for maximum throughput. Pumping is also observed with an AC driving voltage. To increase pressure several of the devices can be stacked. The maximum flow rate and pressure head can be varied in a wide range by adjusting the dimensions of the pump. By further reducing the grid distance the driving voltages can be reduced. <<ETX>>
Culture and inter-firm relationship management in China and Germany: an etic-emic perspective

Although extensive research attention has focused on comparative cultural study of inter-firm relationships, scarce literature has incorporated culture-specific or emic perspectives. We argue that it is crucial to incorporate the emic perspective since inter-firm relationships are embedded in the specific cultural contexts. To achieve this aim, we propose two culture-specific frameworks for comparing approaches of inter-firm relationship management in the German and Chinese auto supply chains. Therefore, a major contribution of this paper lies in using the emic perspective to complement the etic in analysing the inter-firm relationship process. Our research method comprises case studies and builds on interviews with business managers of the Chinese and German auto supply chains. We found that different approaches were used by the German and Chinese cultures for developing inter-firm relationships. Finally, the findings of this study have both practical and theoretical implications for developing culture-specific models of managing inter-firm relationships.