Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Fault Diagnosis of Aircraft Generator using Fuzzy Petri Nets

Aircraft generator is the power conversion equipment transforming the engine energy to electric energy for all electroequipment in airplane. Its right working state is a key factor to ensure airplane normal and secure. So fault diagnosis is the main study field of aircraft electric system. In the paper, the fuzzy Petri nets reasoning production rules is investigated and developed to deal with the condition of inadequate and uncertain information in the fault diagnosis of aircraft generator. The duality rule of Fuzzy Petri Nets is proposed. The novel method of fault diagnosis for aircraft generator is established by these algorithms. The application example is used to verify this method. Keywordsaircraft generator; fuzzy Petri nets; fault diagnosis
A radial basis function framework for various adaptive fuzzy equalizers used in mobile cellular channels

The radial basis function (RBF) based neural networks have been successfully used to solve many non-linear problems, including that of adaptive channel equalization. In this paper, we present three different adaptive fuzzy/neuro-fuzzy channel equalizers that closely fit into the broad framework of RBF neural network based systems. We consider the type-2 fuzzy adaptive filter (FAF) based channel equalizer along with a compensatory neuro-fuzzy filter (CNFF) and the one based on an adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as applied to mobile cellular channels. We establish that the above three implementations of adaptive equalizers do fit into the generic framework of radial basis function (RBF) based systems.
Nanoporous Copper Doped Aluminium Pillared Montmorillonite for Dye‐containing Wastewater Treatment

Copper doped aluminium pillared montmorillonite (Cu‐Alpill‐MMT) was prepared by adding Cu2+ into the suspension of aluminium pillared montmorillonite (Alpill‐MMT) using high power ultrasonic treatment and calcining to CuO at 500 °C. The XRD and XRF data revealed that the doped CuO partially occupied both internal and external surfaces of the Alpill‐MMT. The N2 adsorption/desorption analysis showed that the Cu‐Alpill‐MMT consisted of slit‐like mesopores with two ranges of pore diameter, i.e. ~3.8 nm and ~6‐30 nm. The Cu‐Alpill‐MMT exhibited the superior adsorption capacity for Basic Yellow 1 (BY1), however, it hardly adsorbed Reactive Orange 16 (RO16). The decolorization of RO16 was achieved when the H2O2 or H2O2/UV was introduced into the treatment system together with the Cu‐Alpill‐MMT, acting as heterogeneous catalyst for Fenton or photo‐Fenton oxidation processes, respectively. The Cu‐Alpill‐MMT could exhibit the antibacterial activity after intimate contact with Escherichia coli ATCC®25922 under JIS L 1902: 1998 (Qualitative) test method.
Laboratory monitoring of cytomegalovirus disease--is polymerase chain reaction the answer?

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease has been a frustrating com­ plication for infectious diseases practitioners who treat immu­ nosuppressed patients. CMV disease is clearly a frequent and lethal complication of both solid-organ and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. CMV disease is also a dreaded compli­ cation of advanced HIV disease because of the associated mor­ bidity and because CMV disease and its therapy result in a decrease in the quality of life. See articles on pages 824-40. Prevention of CMV disease is an important goal for both organ transplant recipients and patients with advanced HIV disease. Some of these patients are seronegative for CMV and are at little risk ofacquiring CMV during the period ofimmuno­ suppression because they have received CMV-negative organs and blood products, and the risk of other environmental expo­ sures (e.g., sexual exposure) is also remote. Therefore, these presumably uninfected patients are at exceedingly low risk for developing CMV disease. For CMV-seropositive patients or those CMV-seronegative patients who receive a transplanted organ or unfiltered blood products from a CMV-infected donor, there is obviously a risk of developing CMV disease. The time of peak vulnerability for transplant recipients has been well described and is related to the date of transplantation, the type of immunosuppressive therapy administered, and other events related to transplanta­ tion. For patients with advanced HIV disease, the time of peak vulnerability is related to a decrease in the CD4 T lymphocyte count to < 501pL. Providing intravenous or oral chemotherapy for CMV dis­ ease during this period ofpeak vulnerability is a difficult propo­ sition even if this period is measured in weeks or months (in the case of transplant recipients) rather than months or years (in the case of HIV-infected patients). The currently available drugs with activity against CMV (i.e., ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cidofovir) are associated with considerable toxicity, ex­ pense, and inconvenience. Ganciclovir, whether given intrave­ nously or orally, is especially ill-suited for these patients
Isolation of Skin Test-Active Preparations from Yeast-Phase Cells of Blastomyces dermatitidis

Cell wall and cytoplasmic fractions were isolated from mechanically disrupted yeast-phase cells of Blastomyces dermatitidis in an effort to obtain a reliable skin-test antigen. The biological activities of these fractions were compared with those of two blastomycin preparations. The cytoplasmic antigens exhibited a low index of specificity yet exceeded the specificities of the blastomycins. The skin test-active component(s) of the cytoplasmic material had a molecular weight between 10,000 and 30,000 and could easily be concentrated by ultrafiltration on a PM-10 membrane. Unlike the cytoplasmic antigens and blastomycins, an alkali-soluble, water-soluble cell wall antigen effectively distinguished guinea pigs that were sensitized to B. dermatitidis from those sensitized to Histoplasma capsulatum. The biological activity of the yeast-phase antigen could be quantitated, on a weight basis, after purification by ultrafiltration (PM-10 membrane).
Neoadjuvant gene delivery of feline granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor using magnetofection for the treatment of feline fibrosarcomas: a phase I trial

Despite aggressive pre‐ or postoperative treatment, feline fibrosarcomas have high recurrence rates. Immunostimulatory gene therapy is a promising approach in veterinary oncology. This phase I dose‐escalation study was performed to determine toxicity and feasibility of gene therapy with feline granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (feGM‐CSF) in cats with fibrosarcomas. Twenty cats were treated with plasmid coding for feGM‐CSF attached to magnetic nanoparticles in doses of 50, 250, 750 and 1250 µg. Two preoperative intratumoral injections followed by magnetofection were given. Four control cats received only surgical treatment. Adverse events were recorded and correlated according to the veterinary co‐operative oncology group toxicity scale. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect plasma feGM‐CSF concentrations. No significant treatment related toxicity was observed. Preliminary recurrence results were encouraging as, on day 360, ten of 20 treated cats were recurrence‐free. In conclusion, 1250 µg of feGM‐CSF plasmid DNA applied by magnetofection is safe and feasible for phase II testing. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Acetic Acid on Mass Transfer of Copper Corrosion Products in Fossil Power Plant Cycle

One of the basic reasons for equipment failures at fossil power plants is presence of corrosive impurities in water and steam. Presently copper-based alloys are widely used at fossil power plants for manufacture of condensers and low-pressure heaters. Brass corrosion products (copper and zinc oxides) go to water. This intensifies corrosion of carbon steel. Corrosion of copper-based alloys is influenced by different factors: temperature, oxygen concentration, chloride, sulfate, organics etc. Recently a lot of attention in utility industry has been attributed to the effect of organic impurities (acetic, formic, and lactic acids, in particular) on corrosion of construction materials. Of abovementioned acids, concentration of acetic acid in the power plant cycle is significantly higher. Therefore, it is important to study the effect of acetic acid on brass corrosion rate and release of copper corrosion products from metal surface. This paper presents results of experimental study aimed to investigate effect of acetic acid on contamination of water with corrosion products of copper-based alloys at two chemistries
The shaking-B2 Mutation Disrupts Electrical Synapses in a Flight Circuit in AdultDrosophila

The shaking-B2 mutation was used to analyze synapses between haltere afferents and a flight motoneuron in adult Drosophila. We show that the electrical synapses among many neurons in the flight circuit are disrupted inshaking-B2 flies, suggesting thatshaking-B expression is required for electrical synapses throughout the nervous system. In wild-type flies haltere afferents are dye-coupled to the first basalar motoneuron, and stimulation of these afferents evokes electromyograms from the first basalar muscle with short latencies. In shaking-B2 flies dye coupling between haltere afferents and the motoneuron is abolished, and afferent stimulation evokes electromyograms at abnormally long latencies. Intracellular recordings from the motoneuron confirm that the site of the defect in shaking-B2 flies is at the synapses between haltere afferents and the flight motoneuron. The nicotinic cholinergic antagonist mecamylamine blocks the haltere-to-flight motoneuron synapses inshaking-B2 flies but does not block those synapses in wild-type flies. Together, these results show that the haltere-to-flight motoneuron synapses comprise an electrical component that requires shaking-B and a chemical component that is likely to be cholinergic.
First-line treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with HER2-positive and hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer from registHER.

BACKGROUND Limited data are available describing the natural history of patients with HER2-positive and hormone receptor (HR)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We examined first-line treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with HER2-positive, HR-positive MBC in a real-world setting. METHODS registHER is a prospective, observational cohort of 1,023 patients with HER2-positive MBC diagnosed within 6 months of enrollment and followed until death, disenrollment, or June 2009 (median follow-up time: 27 months). Demographics, first-line treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes were examined for 530 HER2-positive, HR-positive patients. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) times were examined. Multivariate analyses adjusted for baseline demographic and prognostic factors. RESULTS HER2-positive, HR-positive patients receiving first-line trastuzumab plus hormonal therapy had significantly longer PFS times than patients who received hormonal therapy only (13.8 vs. 4.8 months; adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22-0.60); a nonsignificant reduction in OS time was observed (adjusted HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.27-1.14). Compared with patients who received first-line trastuzumab plus chemotherapy, patients who received first-line trastuzumab plus chemotherapy and hormonal therapy had longer median PFS times (20.4 months vs. 9.5 months; adjusted HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.42-0.68); a statistically significant reduction in risk of death was observed (adjusted HR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.36-0.70). Sequential use of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy was associated with improved OS times when compared with concurrent use (adjusted PFS HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54-1.21; adjusted OS HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26-0.89). CONCLUSIONS These real-world data in patients with HER2-positive/HR-positive MBC provide evidence that, with or without chemotherapy, dual targeting of HRs and HER2 receptors is associated with significantly prolonged PFS and OS times.
Societies, cultures and fisheries from a modeling perspective

Cultures can be viewed as sets of beliefs and techniques allowing societies to cope with their environment. We here propose simple and explicit schemes showing how fishermen could encode beliefs about a renewable resource, fish. We then discuss the dynamics of the society, represented by economic and cultural variables, coupled to the fishery represented by fish abundance. According to different coding schemes and sets of parameters, several dynamical regimes are observed, including one with endogenous crises.
Association between alcoholism and gamma-amino butyric acid alpha2 receptor subtype in a Russian population.

BACKGROUND Two recent large genetic studies in the US population have reported association between genetic variation in gamma-amino butyric acid alpha2 receptor subtype (GABRA2) and risk for alcohol dependence. The goal of this study was to test whether GABRA2 is associated with alcohol dependence in a sample of Russian alcohol-dependent men. METHODS A total of 113 Russian alcohol-dependent men and 100 male population control subjects were recruited in St. Petersburg and genotyped for seven GABRA2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using real-time PCR (TaqMan). Six SNPs were located in a GABRA2 haplotype block previously associated with alcohol dependence (AD) in the US population. SNPs and haplotypes were tested for an association to AD using chi analysis and a likelihood ratio-based statistic implemented in the software COCAPHASE. RESULTS Significant associations between two SNPs and AD were observed (p < 0.05). In addition, a trend-level association was observed between AD and three adjacent SNPs (p < 0.1). Associated alleles were carried in a haplotype that was present at frequencies of 0.37 and 0.48 in the control and alcohol-dependent populations, respectively (p < 0.06). Tight linkage disequilibrium spanning from the central portion of the gene to the 3' end was observed in this population. Comparison of the findings to the previously published studies in the US population revealed a highly similar linkage disequilibrium pattern in this population. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that genetic variants of GABRA2 increase risk for AD in the Russian population and provide additional support to the hypothesis that polymorphic variation at the GABRA2 locus plays an important role in predisposing to AD at least in European-ancestry populations.
Implementation of an Efficient DWT Using a FPGA on a Real-time Platform

In this paper, we propose a novel, efficient VLSI architecture for the implementation of one-dimension, lifting-based discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Both of the folded and the pipelined schemes are applied by the proposed architecture; the former scheme supports higher hardware utilization and the latter scheme speeds up the clock rate of the DWT. The architecture is coded in Verilog HDI, implemented in a FPGA, and verified by the platform of Quartus-II which is a realtime platform comprising a CMOS image sensor, a FPGA and a TFT-ICD panel.
Exploring Medical Student Learning Needs in the Pediatric Emergency Department: “What Do You Want to Learn Right Now?”

Background When precepting medical students in the emergency department, faculty physicians often have only minutes per patient encounter to devote to direct teaching. Instructional strategies that promote independent student learning after each case may have merit. It is not known, however, to what degree patient-triggered learning needs are amenable to independent study. Objective The aims of this study were to determine self- and faculty-reported learner needs at the time of patient encounters and to assess the degree to which these perceived needs may be satisfied by independent study. Methods We interviewed medical students and faculty in our pediatric emergency department. Immediately before or after they saw a patient, we asked “What do you want to learn right now? ”. For half of the student interviews, we separately asked the same questions of their preceptors. Interviews were taped and transcribed. Responses were coded by 3 investigators who did content analysis to identify dominant themes and the extent to which the learning need could be addressed independently. Investigators agreed that Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competency domains could be used to classify the responses. Results We interviewed 82 students and 44 preceptors yielding 126 patient-triggered learning needs. Competency area(s) were medical knowledge (70), patient care (1), interpersonal skills (27), systems-based practice (2), practice-based learning (3), and professionalism (4). Two raters independently assigned the same competency in 89%. Medical knowledge competency learning needs were almost all at least moderately amenable to independent learning (68/70, 98%), but the other competencies were not (22/57, 39%) according to the raters (interrater reliability, 0.7). Preceptor responses were congruent in competency type with students' responses in 29 (67%) of 43. Students listed interpersonal skills deficits far more often than did faculty (24% vs 5%, P < 0.05). Conclusions Most student learning needs in the pediatric emergency department focus on medical knowledge. These deficits could be amenable to structured independent study at the point of care.
Simplified multi-carrier pulse width modulation schemes for multilevel converters

Currently multilevel inverters are commonly modulated using multi-carrier pulse width modulation (MCPWM) techniques due to its simple implementation and realization to various topologies. Simplified simulation modeling of several MCPWM techniques for `n' level generation is discussed in this paper. Modulation techniques are presented for 5-level cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) and compared to show the feasibility of the techniques having low THD. The simulation results of the modulation techniques are presented in MATLAB/Simulink environment to prove the viability of the schemes.
Emission spectroscopy and kinetic fluorometry studies of phototrophic microbial communities along a salinity gradient in solar saltern evaporation ponds of Eilat, Israel

The planktonic and benthic microbial communities in 8 hypersaline evaporation ponds of the Israel Salt Company in Eilat, Israel, with salinities ranging from 58 to 329 g 1 -1 (total dissolved salt), were studied using fluorescence emission spectroscopy and kinetic fluorometry. With increasing salinity, the anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (containing bacteriochlorophyll a, bchl a) formed a significant and increasing fraction of the planktonic phototrophic biomass. While the bchl a/chl a molar ratio was 0.01 at the lowest salinity, it reached almost 1 at the higher salinities. In the benthic communities, emission spectroscopy revealed depth-dependent changes in the photophysiology of benthic oxygenic phototrophs, and spatial variability in the abundance of several groups of anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (green bacteria containing chlorosomes and purple bacteria containing LH1). In general, the emission signal of the benthic oxygenic phototrophs (diatoms and Cyanobacteria) was dominated by photosystem I (detected in some cases down to 5 cm of sediment depth). The signal of photosystem II and phycobilisomes was several times weaker and was observed mostly in the surface layers. The spectroscopic data of microbial communities were complemented by microscopic characterization.
Research of LDPC decoding based on LLR BP algorithm

In iterations processing of LLR BP algorithm for LDPC decoding, the computational complexity of check nodes renewal is high; The decoding performance will be reduced, while there are lots of loops in short LDPC codes. According to these problems, a new LLR BP decoding algorithm based on Hybrid Check-Variable offset processing is proposed in this paper. Decrease complexity by adjusting amplitudes of check nodes processing and relativity of variable nodes by adjusting their information. Simulation results show that this improved decoding algorithm, compared with LLR BP algorithm, is consideration to decoding performance of LDPC and computational complexity.
Local structure co-occurrence pattern for image retrieval

Abstract. Image description and annotation is an active research topic in content-based image retrieval. How to utilize human visual perception is a key approach to intelligent image feature extraction and representation. This paper has proposed an image feature descriptor called the local structure co-occurrence pattern (LSCP). LSCP extracts the whole visual perception for an image by building a local binary structure, and it is represented by a color-shape co-occurrence matrix which explores the relationship of multivisual feature spaces according to visual attention mechanism. As a result, LSCP not only describes low-level visual features integrated with texture feature, color feature, and shape feature but also bridges high-level semantic comprehension. Extensive experimental results on an image retrieval task on the benchmark datasets, corel-10,000, MIT VisTex, and INRIA Holidays, have demonstrated the usefulness, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed LSCP.
A nanovirus-like DNA component associated with yellow vein disease of Ageratum conyzoides: evidence for interfamilial recombination between plant DNA viruses.

Yellow vein disease of Ageratum conyzoides, a weed species that is widely distributed throughout Asia, has been attributed to infection by the geminivirus Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV). In addition to a single AYVV genomic component (DNA A), we have previously demonstrated that infected plants contain chimeric defective viral components, comprising DNA A and nongeminiviral sequences, that act as defective interfering DNAs. A database search has revealed that the nongeminiviral sequences of one such defective component (def19) show significant homology with sequences of nanovirus components that encode replication-associated proteins (Reps). Primers designed to hybridise to the nongeminiviral DNA were used to PCR-amplify a full-length nanovirus-like component, referred to as DNA 1, from an extract of infected A. conyzoides. DNA 1 is unrelated to AYVV DNA A but resembles nanovirus components that encode Reps and is most closely related (73% identity) to a nanovirus-like DNA recently isolated from geminivirus-infected cotton. DNA 1 is dependent on AYVV DNA A for systemic infection of A. conyzoides and Nicotiana benthamiana and can systemically infect N. benthamiana in the presence of the bipartite geminivirus African cassava mosaic virus. A. conyzoides plants coinfected with AYVV DNA A and DNA 1 remain asymptomatic, indicating that additional factors are required to elicit yellow vein disease. Our results provide direct evidence for recombination between distinct families of plant single-stranded DNA viruses and suggest that coinfection by geminivirus and nanovirus-like pathogens may be a widespread phenomenon. The ability of plant DNA viruses to recombine in this way may greatly increase their scope for diversification.