Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Rotational Axis and Attitude Variation of Satellite by Integrated Image Processing

As a result of the increased number of missions in space, the number of satellites that have completed their missions or have broken down has increased, leaving a great deal of space debris in orbit. Most space debris is found in GEO or low-altitude polar orbits and more than 9,600 pieces of debris having a diameter of over 10 cm are currently in orbit. The number of pieces of debris may increase further due to break up, which increases the chance of debris colliding with other spacecraft. To solve this problem, the development of space robots to capture and eliminate space debris from orbit has been explored extensively, and areas such as attitude estimation, formation flying or rendezvous(Kojima , 2005), manipulator control(Inaba & Oda , 2000), de-orbiting of space debris using electro-dynamic tether systems(Forward et al. , 2000; Ishige et al. , 2004) have been investigated. If the target satellite is incorporative, that is, for an example, if radar communication between the target satellite and the debris eliminator satellite is not possible, then image processing will be required in order to monitor the attitude of the satellite and to capture it by means of a robot manipulator. Image processing algorithms with lower computational costs are desired, because the computer resources installed on satellites are usually fewer than those on the ground. A great number of image processing algorithms have been developed for various purposes, such as edge extraction(Harris & Stephens , 1988; Kitchen & Rosenfeld , 1982) and silhouette extraction(Tomasi & Kaneda , 1991). In the EST-VII mission(Inaba & Oda , 2000), the target markers were installed on the daughter satellite so that the mother satellite can easily monitor the attitude of the daughter satellite. However, normally it is not easy to recognize the attitude of satellites in orbit, because commercial satellites that are not equipped with target markers are usually covered by multi-layer insulator (MLI) with numerous wrinkles that randomly reflect the Sun’s light, and such random reflection makes silhouette extraction more difficult. Furthermore, satellites often overlap the Earth, and the direction of the Sun’s light relative to the satellite varies with time. To estimate the attitude of a satellite, the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm(Besl & McKay , 1992) has been studied by JAXA(Terui et al. , 2002), but this algorithm needs a computational cost. In order to avoid the computational cost of ICP, the grid closest point (GCP) algorithm (Yamany et al. , 1998) was developed using a hash-table technique. The GCP algorithm has 22
Reconstruction of the atmospheric CO 2 concentration history from an Antarctic deep ice core , Dome Fuji using a wet extraction technique : analysis procedures , dating of air in ice and concentration variations

In order to deduce the atmospheric CO2 concentration variations over the past 320 kyr, air samples were extracted from the Dome Fuji deep ice core using a wet extraction method, and their CO2 concentration values were determined with a reproducibility of 1.0 ppmv. By measuring the CO2 concentrations of firn air samples collected at Dome Fuji, it was found that the effective bubble close-off depth can be defined by the mid-point of the close-off zone. For dating the air in the ice core, the age difference between ice and air (Dage) was estimated by using a densification model to be between 1000 and 5000 years, showing small and large values during the interglacial and glacial periods, respectively, due primarily to variations of precipitation. The CO2 concentration variations with a mean time resolution of about 1.1 kyr over the last three glacial-interglacial cycles showed a good correlation with those of dO, which suggests that the Southern Ocean played an important role in the variation of the atmospheric CO2 concentration during the last three glacial-interglacial cycles. key words: CO2, Dome Fuji, wet extraction
A METHOD OF ACQUIRING INOCULUM OF RICE BLACK STREAKED DWARF VIRUS FROM WHEAT DARK-GREEN

Maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD) is one of the main viral diseases of maize, and the cause of great yield losses; one of its causal agents is Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV). Here, we developed a method for transmitting RBSDV to maize by Laodelphax striatellus Fallen, the small brown planthopper (SBPH) from wheat plants affected by wheat dark-green dwarf disease (WDGDD). The SBPH transmitted RBSDV more efficiently when it was acquired from wheat than from maize, with an efficiency of 36.7% and 12.7%, respectively. We also found that when the same number of vectors was used, transmission efficiency was similar after feeding on either WDGDD- or MRDD-infected plants. These results indicate that the method is efficient and viable, and is expected to facilitate the identification of maize cultivars that are resistant to RBSDV.
The Role of North Kordofan Rural Development Project (NKRDP) in Women Development in Bara locality , North Kordofan State, Sudan

The current study was conducted to investigate the role of North Kordofan Rural Development Project (NKRDP) as a microfinance institution in women development, in Bara Locality. The study depended on primary data that were collected via structured questionnaire and direct interviewing with respondents. The study used multi-stage random sampling technique while SPSS soft word was run for descriptive measures. The results showed that the project had played a key role in development and skills building of rural women by training them in, adult education, local food industry and nutrition culture; these activities had positive impacts on women where they had opportunities to increase their income through small projects and to participate in home and project decision making; where 33.8% of them were enrolled in adult education and 73.8% of the them were married which refers to the social stability. The women played an important role in family care, where 46.3% of them were householders and 26.3% of them were village committee members. 71.3% of them were within the active age group; which refers to the contribution of women in bringing domestic income and 97.5% of them used the micro-finance in sheep breeding and small projects such as; weaving and food industry. 95% of them practiced agriculture as main occupation and 67.5% of them owned agricultural land.
Magnetic turbulent spectra in the magnetosheath: new insights

The spectrum of the magnetic fluctuations mea- sured by the Cluster satellites in the inner magnetosheath is investigated using the k-filtering technique. On a case study, it is shown first that the wave vectors calculated from the Flux Gate Magnetometer (FGM) data fit well with those de- termined from the Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Field Fluc- tuations (STAFF) data for their common range of frequency, which allows one to confirm that the high pass filter applied to STAFF data does not alter the spatial characteristics of its spectra. Both analyses confirm the dominance of the mirror mode for frequencies up to 1.4 Hz. Furthermore, by com- paring the experimental charateristics of the identified mir- ror mode to the prediction of the linear theory, it is shown that the predicted maximum growth rate is observed in the frequency range 0-0.15 Hz, i.e. the FGM range. All the rest of the mirror mode, identified for higher frequencies is more likely to be a non linear extension of the most instable one. This cascade on the spatial scales is, in turn, observed in the satellite frame as a temporal spread due to Doppler shift. Fur- ther implications on the real nature of the observed spectrum are discussed.
石墨烯研究和产业： 战略性新兴技术的创新应用和商业发展概览 (Graphene Research and Enterprise: Mapping Innovation and Business Growth in a Strategic Emerging Technology)

This paper explores enterprise development and commercialization in the field of graphene. Firm characteristics and relationships, value chain positioning, and factors associated with product entry are examined for a set of 65 graphene-oriented small and medium-sized enterprises located in 16 different countries. As well as secondary sources and bibliometric methods to profile developments in graphene, we use computerized data mining and analytical techniques, including cluster and regression modeling, to identify patterns from publicly available online information on enterprise web sites. We identify groups of graphene small and medium-sized enterprises differentiated by how they are involved with graphene, the materials they target, whether they make equipment, and their orientation toward science and intellectual property. In general, access to finance and the firms’ location are significant factors that are associated with graphene product introductions. We also find that patents and scientific publications are not statistically significant predictors of product development in our sample of graphene enterprises.We further identify a cohort of graphene-oriented firms that are signaling plans to develop intermediate graphene products that should have higher value in the marketplace. Our findings suggest that policy needs to ensure attention to the introduction and scale-up of downstream intermediate and final graphene products and associated financial, intermediary, and market identification support. The paper demonstrates novel data methods that can be combined with existing information for real-time intelligence to understand and map enterprise development and commercialization in a rapidly emerging and growing new technology.
Examination of Grit Levels of Teachers According to Personal Variables

The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the grit level of teachers varied according to their personal variables. The research, in the descriptive screening model, was conducted on 360 teachers who were chosen according to simple random sampling method and working in primary schools, secondary schools and high schools in Adapazari district of Sakarya province. In the data collecting phase, “Grit Scale”, which is developed by Duckworth and Quinn (2009a) and adapted into Turkish culture by Argon and Kaya (2017), is used. Means, standard deviations and parametric analyzes of individual variables were used in the analysis of the research data. According to the results of the research, grit level of the teachers is at the level of agreeing in the dimension of total scale and consistency of interest while in the dimension of the perseverance of effort is at level of being fully agreeing. Teachers' views of their grit level according to their personal variables revealed a significant difference only in perseverance of effort dimension in terms of sex. Age, vocational seniority, school type, graduation status and branch variables are not influential variables in teacher opinions and teacher opinions are similar. It has emerged that female teachers are more gritty than male teachers in perseverance of effort dimension in which teachers’ views differ from one another Some of the suggestions developed according to the research results are as following: Although the grit levels of teachers are close to high, they are not at the desired level and qualitative studies can be used to determine the factors affecting teachers' wishes and expectations in order to increase this level and fulfil their needs. Since the grit levels of the teachers contribute to the improvement of the performance of the students, with the establishment of the environments where the teachers can use these potentials, with fund allocation for effective use of this qualified human power at the current level in the schools and with creating the conditions for teachers to take part in long-term projects, the motivation of the teachers can be increased. New and different researches can be carried to determine the organizational variables other than the personal variables that may affect the teachers’ grit.
Using Spatially Distributed Statistical Models for Avalanche Runout Estimation

State of the art physical-dynamical avalanche models are a commonly used tool in avalanche research and practice. Research and practical experience have shown that an accurate assessment of input parameters (boundary conditions, friction parameters, numerical settings) is required for the application of these models. Along with the computational effort when covering large areas, these factors limit the applicability of sophisticated physically-based models for regional-scale studies. In recent years simple spatially distributed models with limited input parameter requirements have been successfully applied to regional-scale case studies on different gravitational mass movement processes (rockfall, landslides, debris-flows). These models often combine a one dimensional empirical or simple physically-based method for estimation of process intensities along a predefined longitudinal profile with different hydrologically-based algorithms for flow propagation and spreading. This approach allows the two dimensional application of the one dimensional models to terrain, represented by raster elevation models. However, publications on the application to snow avalanches have been scarce in comparison to other mass movement processes. We present an application of a simple, spatially distributed empirical model for snow avalanche runout estimation to different avalanche paths in Austria and discuss the possibilities and limitations of the employed approach.
Examination of the learning effect with the Dantale II speech material

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The Economies of Scale of Turbot Industrial Running Water Aquaculture System in China: A Case from Shandong Province

China is the most important production contributor of farmed turbot in the world. The economies of scale of turbot farming industry in this significant country haven’t been studied in detail. In this study, based on survey data from the largest farming area of this species, Shandong Province of China in 2015, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) was used to assess the turbot culture efficiency of different farming scales. All these turbot farmers used industrial running water aquaculture system, which provided over 90% of China’s total production of this species. The results showed that (1) the overall efficiencies of different farms increased with the enlargement of their farming scale and (2) the efficiency of each farming scale could still be improved. Given the outputs unchanged, a reduction in inputs can improve the utilization efficiency of feeds, electricity and labor, and reduce the irrational exploitation of land and groundwater resources; this change would not only increase economic benefits but also protect natural resources, thereby achieving the harmonious development of the economy and environment.
LIVER AND KIDNEY STRUCTURAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES INDUCED IN GOLDFISH (Carassius auratus gibelio) DURING MANGANESE ACUTE INTOXICATION

Manganese, an essential element in humans and animals, is known to have both protective and toxic effect. Prolonged Mn(II) exposure induces the formation of reactive oxygen species leading to impairment of antioxidant system. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the fish adaptative response to experimental manganese pollution by histological and biochemical methods, with particular attention to oxidative metabolism. The enzymatic variations and morphological damages simultaneously appeared after acute manganese exposure. The liver and kidney nuclei were the main pollutant target. The structural changes consisting in karyomegaly, anisokary, pycnosis prove that the metal ion has a deep effect on the nuclear genetic material. Specially adapted enzymes to prevent the formation of oxyradicals (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase) changed their profiles after acute manganese exposure. The two different organs have different patterns in antioxidant enzymes activities. Both liver and kidney were deeply damaged after manganese intoxication, but liver seemed to be more resistant to the pollutant and more efficient in organism detoxification. The changes we observed, could be considered as early indicators of stress status of the animals determined by changed environmental conditions.
COPEPODS FROM SHORE AND OFFSHORE WATERS OF PAKISTAN

This report is a history of copepodology based on the review of previously recorded species of copepods from Pakistan (Arabian Sea) by Pakistani workers and other contemporary surveys. The plankton samples studied are the epipelagic copepods collected during the Northern Arabian Sea Ecological and Environmental Research (NASEER) Cruise I (January 7-22, 1992) and Cruise IV (May 10-21, 1994). Some planktonic and phytal species obtained from a U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) project (1993-1995) on living resources in nearshore waters, and interstitial species obtained during a preliminary survey ONR (1998-2000) of the interstitial copepods carried out for the first time in Karachi intertidal regions (Bulleji and Sandspit) are also included. Almost all the major copepod groups are represented in the above mentioned collections. In all 61 genera and 109 species have been reported. Out of these, 27 genera and 39 species have been collected from NASEER Cruises, some of them already reported (see Kazmi and Muniza, 1997-98) in the checklist only the species from stations located on Pakistan shelf are included. Acartia hamata Mori, 1937, Porcellidium viride (Philippi, 1890), Laophonte cornuta Philippi 1890 and Copilia mirabilis Dana, 1852 are recorded for the first time from the northern Arabian Sea. Abundance of species at all NASEER stations is also calculated. One phytal species Porcellidium viride (Philippi, 1840) is also a new record. The first investigation revealed that at least adults, subadults and larval stages of 12 families and 15 species are present in the interstitial copepod fauna. An attempt has been made to relate the diversity of species to the nature of the sand grains at Sandspit site.
Stellar population gradients and spatially resolved kinematics in luminous post-starburst galaxies

We have used deep integral field spectroscopy obtained with the GMOS instrument on Gemini-North to determine the spatial distribution of the post-starburst stellar population in four luminous E+A galaxies at z<0.04. We find all four galaxies have centrally-concentrated gradients in the young stellar population contained within the central ~1 kpc. This is in agreement with the Balmer line gradients found in local low luminosity E+A galaxies. The results from higher redshift (z~0.1) samples of luminous E+A galaxies have been varied, but in general have found the post-starburst signature to be extended or a galaxy-wide phenomenon or have otherwise failed to detect gradients in the stellar populations. The ubiquity of the detection of a centrally concentrated young stellar population in local samples, and the presence of significant radial gradients in the stellar populations when the E+A galaxy core is well resolved raises the possibility that spatial resolution issues may be important in interpreting the higher redshift results. The two early type E+A galaxies in our sample that can be robustly kinematically classified, using the LambdaR parameter, are fast-rotators. Combined with previous measurements, this brings the total number of E+A galaxies with measurements of LambdaR to twenty-six, with only four being classified as slow-rotators. This fraction is similar to the fraction of the early-type population as a whole and argues against the need for major mergers in the production of E+A galaxies, since major mergers should result in an increased fraction of slow rotators.
An Integrated Analysis of Quantitative and Qualitative Data for Identifying Factors in Information Services: A Working Paper

The National Discovery for Science Leaders (NDSL) is a leading information service in science and technology in Korea and is governed by Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI). Based on previous R&D projects by KISTI, we launched a new research project by reusing and reanalysing previous research data to 1) identify additional statistical data elements for the data collection system, 2) develop possible service performance measures, and 3) improve services by developing a service map. The following report includes interim results as we are in the early stages of this project. Here we identify service factors by integrating quantitative data from the service quality survey (NDSLQUAL) and qualitative data from the research of scientists' information behaviors. In this stage, we are developing an ideal model of information services for the proposed goals.