Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of raw poultry meat texture using PLS analysis

The visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) reflectance spectroscopy (680-1100 nm) has been applied to determine the meat texture prediction of raw chicken meat. The chicken breed; Az-Zain Organic Village chicken, Village chicken and Broiler chicken were used as the samples. Destructive measurement, Volodkevich bite jaws texture analyzer had been used to obtain the shear-force (kg) as the reference value. From Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis, it is shown that the correlation accuracy for the Az-Zain organic village chicken is higher (R 2 > 0.85) than the village chickens (R 2 > 0.42) and broiler chickens (R 2 > 0.42). The Az-Zain organic village chicken has high correlation for the relationship between the Vis/NIR spectroscopy and Volodkevich bite jaws shear force. This can be related with the different food composition where organic chicken fed with mixture of organic products while the broiler ad village chickens fed with commercial and pelleted diets. Thus, Vis/NIR spectroscopy can be used to predict the tenderness of the raw chicken meat samples without destroying the samples. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
R O ] 1 3 M ar 2 01 9 Multi-Modal Obstacle Detection in Unstructured Environments with Conditional Random Fields

Reliable obstacle detection and classification in rough and unstructured terrain such as agricultural fields or orchards remains a challenging problem. These environments involve large variations in both geometry and appearance, challenging perception systems that rely on only a single sensor modality. Geometrically, tall grass, fallen leaves, or terrain roughness can mistakenly be perceived as non-traversable or might even obscure actual obstacles. Likewise, traversable grass or dirt roads and obstacles such as trees and bushes might be visually ambiguous. In this paper, we combine appearanceand geometry-based detection methods by probabilistically fusing lidar and camera sensing with semantic segmentation using a conditional random field. We apply a state-of-the-art multi-modal fusion algorithm from the scene analysis domain and adjust it for obstacle detection in agriculture with moving ground vehicles. This involves explicitly handling sparse point cloud data and exploiting both spatial, temporal, and multi-modal links between corresponding 2D and 3D regions. The proposed method was evaluated on a diverse dataset, comprising a dairy paddock and different orchards gathered with a perception research robot in Australia. Results showed that for a two-class classification problem (ground and non-ground), only the camera leveraged from information provided by the other modality with an increase in the mean classification score of 0.5%. However, as more classes were introduced (ground, sky, vegetation, and object), both modalities complemented each other with improvements of 1.4% in 2D and 7.9% in 3D. Finally, introducing temporal links between successive frames resulted in improvements of 0.2% in 2D and 1.5% in 3D.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON TWO-PHASE FLUID FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF EVAPORATOR DISTRIBUTOR WITH R 404 A AND R 744 REFRIGERANTS

Evaporators play a key role in refrigeration units and they are typically determined in accordance with the size of cooling systems. While evaporators can have multiple circuits for refrigerant to flow through, each circuit is designed to have equal amount of liquid refrigerant so that desired heat can be absorbed from the surrounding efficiently and ensuring that all the refrigerant is completely evaporated into gaseous phase. However, when evaporator's circuits receive non-uniform refrigerant from a distributor placed between the expansion valve and the evaporator, this non-uniform flow can yield reduction in capacity and COP of refrigeration system. In the present study, an evaporator distributor will be numerically studied by using two different refrigerants, R744 and R404A, for the purpose of identifying the difference in behavior of these refrigerants. The quality of mixture for refrigerants will be varied by taking corresponding qualities for evaporation temperatures -8°C, -18°C and -25°C to identify the relation between refrigerant's quality and mass distribution of refrigerant in each tube of the distributor. In addition to use of two different refrigerants, nozzle position of the distributor was changed from 0.01 mm to 2.01 mm and 4.01 mm to evaluate the effect of nozzle placement on mass flow rate uniformity at the distributor exits for an evaporation of -8°C. It was realized that the effect of evaporation temperature was only significant for R404A study since -8°C evaporation temperature provided most uniform mass uniformity at the distributor exit. It was also noticed that nozzle positions of 0.01, 2.01 and 4.01 mm were only significant for R404A fluid flow simulations since both 2.01 and 4.01 mm nozzle locations resulted in nearly 40% deviation in mass flow rate at distributor exits.
Explorer Improving Statistical MT through Morphological Analysis

In statistical machine translation, estimating word-to-word alignment probabilities for the translation model can be difficult due to the problem of sparse data: most words in a given corpus occur at most a handful of times. With a highly inflected language such as Czech, this problem can be particularly severe. In addition, much of the morphological variation seen in Czech words is not reflected in either the morphology or syntax of a language like English. In this work, we show that using morphological analysis to modify the Czech input can improve a Czech-English machine translation system. We investigate several different methods of incorporating morphological information, and show that a system that combines these methods yields the best results. Our final system achieves a BLEU score of . 333, as compared to . 270 for the baseline word-to-word system.
ALLEVIATING ADVERSE EFFECTS OF HEAT STRESS BY USING ORGANIC SELENIUM AND CHROMIUM FOR LOCAL LAYING HENS.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of selenium (Sel-Plex) and chromium picolinate on some blood parameter of local laying hens reared under high environmental temperatures. Two hundred and seventy laying hens (24 week-old) were divided into nine groups, 30 hens per group using two levels of selenium (0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg diet) and two levels of chromium picolinate (1200 and 1400 μg/kg diet). The control group was fed a basal diet. The obtained results can be summarized as follows: Laying hens fed the Se and Cr-supplemented diets achieved significantly higher total counts of blood erythrocytes and leukocytes, and lymphocytes, hemoglobin, packed cell volume as compared to their control counterparts. However, there were significant decreases (P≤0.05) in total monocytes but total heterophil were not affected compared with the un-supplemented control group. Dietary supplementation with Se and Cr caused significant (P≤0.05) increases in blood plasma levels of total protein, globulin, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine, while levels of albumin, albumin: globulin ratio, creatinine and urea were decreased as compared to those of the control group. Hens fed the Se and Cr-supplemented diets attained significantly lower (P≤0.05) levels of plasma concentrations of cholesterol, glucose, total lipids and triglycerides as well as activity of transaminases (ALT and AST) as compared to their control counterparts. From the present results, it is concluded that enhancing hen’s diets with selenium (as Sel- Plex) and chromium picolinate singly or in combination at levels of 0.3 mg Se plus 1400 μg Cr /kg diet can consider as an effective management practice for reducing the adverse effects of heat stress for laying hens.
Magnetic fields and differential rotation on the pre-main sequence - III. The early-G star HD 106506

We present the photometry and spectropolarimetry of the pre-main-sequence star HD 106506. A photometric rotational period of ˜1.416 ± 0.133 d has been derived using observations at Mount Kent Observatory (MKO). Spectropolarimetric data obtained with the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) were used to derive spot occupancy and magnetic maps of the star through the technique of Zeeman Doppler imaging (ZDI). The resulting brightness maps indicate that HD 106506 displays photospheric spots at all latitudes including a predominant polar spot. Azimuthal and radial magnetic images of this star have been derived, and a significant azimuthal magnetic field is indicated, in line with other active young stars. A solar-like differential rotation law was incorporated into the imaging process. Using Stokes I information the equatorial rotation rate, Ωeq, was found to be 4.54 ± 0.01 rad d-1, with a photospheric shear δΩ of 0.21+0.02-0.03 rad d-1. This equates to an equatorial rotation period of ˜1.39 ± 0.01 d, with the equatorial region lapping the poles every ˜ 30+5-3 d. Using the magnetic features, the equatorial rotation rate, Ωeq, was found to be 4.51 ± 0.01 rad d-1, with a photospheric shear δΩ of 0.24 ± 0.03 rad d-1. This differential rotation is approximately four times that observed on the Sun.
Percolate quality in soil cultivated with application of wastewater from swine slaughterhouse and dairy products.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the percolate in soil columns cultivated with Tiffon-grass 85 under different wastewater rates from swine slaughterhouse and dairy. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Engineering at the Federal University of Lavras, in PVC columns with 0.30 m of diameter and 1.2 m deep, filled with Dark Red Latosol cultivated with Tifton-grass 85. The treatments consisted of a (AQT0) control with recommended chemical fertilization for Tifton-grass 85 (300 kg ha year of N), and four doses of SSW and DPW (100, 200, 300 and 400% of the recommendation) in a CRD with 3 replications. The samples of percolated were collected and characterized weekly. The treatments of highest dosage have obtained COD, after 120 days, of 47.7 mg L (AAT3) and 38.6 mg L -1 (AAT4). Although nitrate concentrations were elevated on the earlier months, the greater assimilation of nutrients by the Tifton-grass 85 and the reduction of the mineralization of organic material resulted in lower nitrate concentrations of 10 mg L.
Analysis of some common theoretical and empirical relationships between settling velocity of a sediment particle as a function of particle size and water temperature and development of new empirical nonlinear regression equations

One of the most important problems in irr igation canals is sedimentation of floating particles which, in the long-run may inhibit the canal's flow debit. Up-to-date the sedimentation science a rgues about the proper laws that govern the physics of th e sedimentation process, namely, the settling veloc ity vs of a particle in a fluid flow, which is very depen dent on the interaction between the fluid (e.g. wat er) and the sediment. Although the fundamental law desc ribing this settling velocity, i.e. Stoke's law, ha s been known for quite some time, many scientists hav e been working in this field since then to come up with more precise descriptions of the sedimentation process. One essential key to do this properly is the exact definition of the physical properties of the fluid (water) and of the solid particles. In this s tudy, eight related equations describing the settling velocity vs of a particle in a fluid have been studied and com pared to each other. More specifically, for each of these ight equations, vs as a function of the diameter ds of the sedimentary particle has been computed for wate r temperature of 20 C. The range of ds from 0.005 cm to 1 cm has been divided into three separate cat egories. Polynomial regression models of second ord er are fitted to the mean theoretical fall velocities in each diameter category using classicaland we ight d least squares, with the latter allowing to better i ncorporate the heteroscedastic errors into the mod el. Very good model fits as indicated by R > 0.99, but more clearly, by low values of the AIC are obtained. Finally, to generalize the results to other temperature s, linear corrections to the regression predictors of the fall velocities are proposed.
The effect of Mobi-C cervical total disc replacement versus ACDF in symptomatic degenerative disc disease : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Introduction: The efficacy of total disc replacement (TDR) using Mobi-C cervical artificial disc for treating symptomatic degenerative disc disease remained controversial. We conducted a systematic review and metaanalysis to compare the efficacy and safety of Mobi-C cervical artificial disc versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in symptomatic degenerative disc disease. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through September 2017 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of Mobi-C versus ACDF on symptomatic degenerative disc disease. Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effect model. Results: Six RCTs involving 731 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with ACDF treatment for symptomatic degenerative disc disease, TDR using Mobi-C resulted in significantly increased NDI score (Std. mean difference =0.33; 95% CI=0.18 to 0.49; P<0.0001) and NDI success rate (RR=1.36; 95% CI=1.16 to 1.61; P=0.0002), decreased reoperation (RR=0.25; 95% CI=0.16 to 0.39; P<0.00001) and adverse events than ACDF treatment (RR=0.53; 95% CI=0.38 to 0.73; P=0.0001), but demonstrated no significant influence on pain scores (Std. mean difference =0.11; 95% CI=-0.05 to 0.27; P=0.19), blood loss (Std. mean difference =-0.78; 95% CI=-1.89 to 0.32; P=0.16), duration of surgery (Std. mean difference =0.17; 95% CI=-0.27 to 0.60; P=0.45), hospital stay (Std. mean difference =-0.14; 95% CI=-0.32 to 0.04; P=0.13). Conclusions: Mobi-C treatment resulted in a significantly improved NDI score and NDI success rate, decreased reoperation and adverse events compared to ACDF surgery in symptomatic degenerative disc disease.
Title Aquatic fungi from peat swamp palms: Phruensis brunneispora gen. et sp. nov. and its hyphomycete anamorph

Phruensis brunneispora is a new genus and species occurring on decaying trunks of the palm Licuala longecalycata in Sirindhorn Peat Swamp Forest, Thailand. We compare the genus with other aquatic ascomycetes with falcate septate ascospores: Pseudohalonectria and Ophioceras. Ascospores differ from species in these genera in being brown with lighter end cells. Also, the ascus pore is subapical, with a channel leading to the apex. Lollipopaia minuta differs from Phruensis brunneispora in that the ascomata are borne in a stroma, asci have an apical pore and the ascospores are hyaline. No genus was found to accommodate the new species. Molecular analysis of rDNA ribosomal 18S confirmed the exclusion of the new species from Pseudohalonectria, and Ophioceras and Lollipopaia minuta formed a sister group with it. Phruensis brunneispora and Lollipopaia minuta grouped in the Diaporthales with 100% bootstrap support. Therefore, both morphological and molecular evidence supports erecting a new genus to accommodate this taxon. A hyaline Phialophora-like anamorph was formed when single ascospores were plated out on agar. The taxon is described and illustrated with light micrographs.
Sweetest taboo processes

Brownian dynamics play a key role in understanding the diffusive transport of micro particles in a bounded environment. In geometries containing confining walls, physical laws determine the behavior of the random trajectories at the boundaries. For impenetrable walls, imposing reflecting boundary conditions to the Brownian particles leads to dynamics described by reflecting stochastic differential equations. In practice, these stochastic differential equations as well as their refinements are quite challenging to handle, and more importantly, many physical processes are better modeled by processes conditioned to stay in a prescribed bounded region. In the mathematical literature, these processes are known as taboo processes, and despite their simplicity, at least compared to the reflecting stochastic differential equations approach, are surprisingly not much exploited in physics. This paper explores some aspect of taboo processes and other constrained processes in simple geometries: interval in one dimension, circular annulus in two dimensions, hollow sphere in three dimensions, and more. In particular, for the two-dimensional (2D) taboo process in a circular annulus, the Gaussian behavior of the stochastic angle is established.
Relationships between Physical Fitness Components among Slovak High School Students

Abstract Introduction. The purpose of the study was to assess physical fitness based on using FITNESSGRAM test battery in Slovak high school students. Material and methods. The reference sample consisted of 1,016 high school students from schools located in the Prešov self-governing region. Students were tested for physical fitness components using selected Fitnessgram test items. In addition, students performed 20-meter endurance shuttle run to determine their level of cardiorespiratory fitness and 10-second jumping test on a jumping ergometer to determine their lower-body explosive power. Results. Results of one-way ANOVA showed significant differences for curl-up test (p = .012) between 15-year-old boys and 18-year-old boys. There were no differences between boys living in rural areas and their age-matched counterparts living in urban areas. Contrary to boys, girls from rural areas had higher level of abdominal strength (p = .046; d = .19). In the 20-meter endurance shuttle run, boys averaged 448.87 meters more than girls. Conclusions. This study enables to create norm-referenced standards, which through their content will to a great extent indicate the measures of physical fitness.
Northern hemisphere atmospheric effects due to the July 2000 Solar Proton Event

The third largest solar proton event in the past thirty years took place during July 14–16, 2000, and had a significant impact on the earth's atmosphere. These energetic protons produced both HOx (H, OH, HO2) and NOx (N, NO, NO2) constituents in the mesosphere and upper stratosphere at polar latitudes (> 60° geomagnetic) of both hemispheres. The temporal evolution of increases in NO and NO2 during the event at northern polar latitudes were measured by the UARS HALOE instrument. Increases in mesospheric NOx of over 50 ppbv were found in the HALOE measurements. Measurements from the UARS HALOE and NOAA 14 SBUV/2 instruments indicate short‐term (∼day) middle mesospheric ozone decreases of over 70% caused by short‐lived HOx during the event with a longer‐term (several days) upper stratospheric ozone depletion of up to 9% caused by longer‐lived NOx. We believe this is the first time that the three constituents NO, NO2, and ozone were all measured simultaneously during a proton event. The observations constitute a dramatic confirmation of the impact of a large particle event in the control of ozone in the polar middle atmosphere and offer the opportunity to test theories of constituent changes driven by particle precipitation.
Maximizing Productivity in Product Innovation

OVERVIEW: Recent evidence suggests that productivity in new product development (NPD) is declining; that is, we are seeing less output (measured in terms of impact on the business) for the same relative spending level. This article outlines seven practices or principles which, according to studies of NPD practices and performance, will increase NPD productivity after they are embraced. These principles include familiar concepts such as building in the voice of the customer, front-end loading projects, and taking a more holistic approach to product innovation. However, while they are familiar, it is surprising how many firms have yet to embrace them. Other, less familiar, principles include: relying on spiral rather than linear development; building in metrics, team accountability and continuous improvement; and portfolio management techniques to yield higher value projects. Finally, a number of best performers are redesigning their idea-to-launch processes, moving to the next-generation Stage-Gate® system; they employ methods borrowed from lean manufacturing to remove waste from their development processes, and they also make their processes scalable, flexible, adaptable, and more open to the external environment.
Generating Robust Grasps for Unknown Objects in Clutter Using Point Cloud Data

For service robots in mundane environments, grasping unknown objects from clutter is an essential, yet complex, capability. In this work, we build on the recently popular Grasp Pose Detector system for generating grasp locations and propose multiple algorithmic improvements to achieve better performance with more complex gripper geometry. We validate the method in grasping experiments where objects are presented in isolation as well as in dense clutter, and demonstrate a 20% improvement in success rate of attempted grasps over the unmodified Grasp Pose Detector, achieving a rate of 91.1% in our setup. Additionally, our system can generate feasible grasp candidates that do not collide with the support surface in cases where the original method failed to grasp.
M L ] 1 3 M ar 2 01 9 Nonconvex Rectangular Matrix Completion via Gradient Descent without l 2 , ∞ Regularization

The analysis of nonconvex matrix completion has recently attracted much attention in the community of machine learning thanks to its computational convenience. Existing analysis on this problem, however, usually relies on l2,∞ projection or regularization that involves unknown model parameters, although they are observed to be unnecessary in numerical simulations, see, e.g., Zheng and Lafferty [2016]. In this paper, we extend the analysis of the vanilla gradient descent for positive semidefinite matrix completion proposed in Ma et al. [2017] to the rectangular case, and more significantly, improve the required sampling rate from O(poly(κ)μr log n/n) to O(μrκ log n/n). Our technical ideas and contributions are potentially useful in improving the leave-one-out analysis in other related problems.
How to name amphiboles after the IMA2012 report: rules of thumb and a new PC program for monoclinic amphiboles

Major changes have been introduced by the new scheme for amphibole classification and nomenclature for the amphibole supergroup recently approved by the Commission on New Minerals Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association, a scheme which adheres to the concepts of dominant group valency and dominant ion. The hierarchy of classification now proceeds through the W (→groups), B (→subgroups), and C and A (→rootnames) ions in a rational and comprehensive scheme which takes into account aspects of amphibole stability based on synthesis work. The new rules are here discussed in a simple and application-oriented manner, and the procedure to be followed to correctly classify and name amphibole compositions is outlined. A PC program (written in VisualBasic) for naming monoclinic amphiboles according to the new rules is now available by downloading from the website of CNR-IGG, UOS of Pavia: http://www_crystal. unipv.it/labcris/AMPH2012.zip
Information Integration, Data Integration and Machine Consciousness

Information integration is a property of systems of connected elements that expresses the extent to which they are capable of entering a large number of states that result from causal interactions among their elements. In recent years a number of people have claimed that there is a link between information integration and consciousness and a number of algorithms for measuring information integration have been put forward. This paper gives an overview of the conceptual and experimental issues surrounding information integration and explores some of the links between information integration and machine consciousness.