Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study on static pressure reset and instability in variable air volume HVAC systems

This project began with testing five different versions of supply duct static pressure reset strategies that fall into two general categories: Proportional plus Integral control loops, and Trim and Respond control strategies. The testing took place from July 2009 through January 2011 at the Energy Resource Station in Ankeny. During this time, these five experimental control strategies were modified and altered in order to achieve substantial energy savings without unwanted instability. In the end, only one strategy, tiered Trim and Respond, was able to perform as desired by saving energy without displaying unstable behavior or significantly impacting maintenance costs. The final stage of this project saw the tiered Trim and Respond strategy implemented in the Hixson-Lied building on the Iowa State University campus. This field test resulted in no apparent unstable behavior and savings of 37% per week in fan energy savings alone.
Association of Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Future Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Older Adults: A Korean Nationwide Longitudinal Study

BackgroundDyslipidemia is an independent health risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality in older adults. Despite their importance, there have been few reports on the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality among elderly Asians. This longitudinal study investigated the correlations in an elderly Korean population by using a large nationwide sample.MethodsAmong participants in the cohort database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service who completed the National Screening Program, a total of 62,604 adults aged 65 years or older (32,584 men and 30,020 women) were included. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were categorized by quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between the quartiles of lipoprotein cholesterol and CV events or CV mortality.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 3.3 years. The incidence rates of ischemic heart disease and ischemic brain disease were 0.97 and 0.61 per 1,000 person-years, while the mortality rates from these diseases were 0.22 and 0.34 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. In a fully adjusted model, high HDL-C and LDL-C levels were not associated with the total CV events and CV mortality; however, high LDL-C levels were significantly associated with a lower incidence of ischemic brain disease. Furthermore, diabetic patients with high LDL-C were more likely to have higher CV mortality, whereas non-smokers with high LDL-C were less likely to be at risk of CV events. ConclusionsNeither high LDL-C nor HDL-C was significantly associated with future CV mortality in older adults aged ≥65 years. Older adults with diabetes were significantly associated with a higher risk of CV mortality in high LDL-C levels.
The constraint optimization approach for robust PID design in AVR system

A constraint optimization approach is discussed for estimating the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller gains used for an AVR system. A new evaluation function is given to ensure the less variation in the control signal input to the system without compromising the overall dynamic responses. The robustness of the system is guaranteed by imposing the maximum sensitivity in solving the optimizing problem. The proposed method ensures the better performance even in the presence of the uncertainties in plant parameters. The simulation studies are presented to validate the design method.
New Insights Into a Classification-Based Microvascular Invasion Prediction Model in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study

Background and Aims Most microvascular invasion (MVI)-predicting models have not considered MVI classification, and thus do not reflect true MVI effects on prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to develop a novel MVI-predicting model focused on MVI classification, hoping to provide useful information for clinical treatment strategy decision-making. Methods A retrospective study was conducted with data from two Chinese medical centers for 800 consecutive patients with HCC (derivation cohort) and 250 matched patients (external validation cohort). MVI-associated variables were identified by ordinal logistic regression. Predictive models were constructed based on multivariate analysis results and validated internally and externally. The models’ discriminative ability and calibration ability were examined. Results Four factors associated independently with MVI: tumor diameter, tumor number, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥ 176.58 U/L, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT). Area under the curve (AUC)s for our M2, M1, and M0 nomograms were 0.864, 0.648, and 0.782. Internal validation of all three models was confirmed with AUC analyses in D-sets (development datasets) and V-sets (validation datasets) and C-indices for each cohort. GiViTI calibration belt plots and Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) chi-squared calibration values demonstrated good consistency between observed frequencies and predicted probabilities for the M2 and M0 nomograms. Although the M1 nomogram was well calibrated, its discrimination was poor. Conclusion We developed and validated MVI prediction models in patients with HCC that differentiate MVI classification and may provide useful guidance for treatment planning.
Science into art: A study of the creative process

Objective was to examine the creative process, demonstrated by 5 student participants in a class at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena CA, from the germ of the creative idea through the final creative product. The students, drawn from classes sponsored by LLNL, were assigned the problem of representing ``big`` science, as practiced at LLNL, in a graphic, artistic, or multimedia product. As a result of this study, it was discovered that the process of creativity with these students was not linear in nature, nor did it strictly follow the traditional creativity 5-step schema of preparation, incubation, insight, evaluation, and elaboration. Of particular interest were several emergent themes of the creative process: spontaneous use of metaphor to describe the Laboratory; a general lack of interest in ``school`` science or mathematics by the American art students; a well developed sense of conscience; and finally, the symbolism inherent in the repeated use of a single artistic element. This use of the circle revealed a continuity of thinking and design perhaps related to the idealistic bias mentioned above.
Electronic Literature as a Model of Creativity and Innovation in Practice (ELMCIP): A Report from the HERA Joint Research Project

Electronic Literature as a Model of Creativity and Innovation in Practice (ELMCIP) was a three-year collaborative research project running from 2010-2013, funded by the Humanities in the European Research Area (HERA) JRP for Creativity and Innovation. ELMCIP involved seven European academic research partners and one non-academic partner who investigated how creative communities of practitioners form within a transnational and transcultural context in a globalized and distributed communication environment. Focusing on the electronic literature community in Europe as a model of networked creativity and innovation in practice, ELMCIP intended both to study the formation and interactions of that community and also to further electronic literature research and practice in Europe.
Additively Manufactured INCONEL(®) Alloy 718

Significant contributions have been made in recent years to the development of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology. Improvements in laser and electron beam-based AM equipment using powder injection, powder bed or wire feed systems have benefited from advances in software programs to convert complex CAD models into Digitally Manufactured parts. Wider acceptance of AM technology in, for example the aerospace industry, is driven by meeting stringent quality, schedule and cost requirements. These factors, in addition to the specific property requirements and level of part-family complexity, strongly influence the selection of the appropriate Additive Manufacturing process. This presentation will briefly review some of the factors and criteria that must be addressed to transition an “AM opportunity” into a viable business case. Introduction Additive Manufacturing (AM) may be defined as: a collective term for manufacturing technologies, which in an automated process produce 3-D objects, as a whole or in part, directly from 3-D CAD data, by the successive addition of materials without the use of specialized tooling. AM is a relatively new technology with a history spanning ~40 years. This is insignificant compared to “Subtractive” and “Formative” shaping. However, significant contributions have been made in recent years to the development of AM technology and the state-of-the-art is rapidly changing. Improvements in laser and electron beam-based AM equipment using powder injection, powder bed or wire feed systems have benefited from advances in software programs to convert complex CAD models into Digitally Manufactured, i. e. , “e-manufactured” parts. Wider acceptance of AM technology use in, for example the aerospace industry, is driven by meeting stringent quality, schedule and cost requirements. These “business case” factors, in addition to the specific property requirements and level of part-family complexity, strongly influence the selection of the appropriate Additive Manufacturing process. Some AM processes are conducive to small, complex geometry, Free-FormFabrication (FFF) parts, having tight-tolerance Net-Shapes. Others, programmed via robotics/multi-axis machines, can span the part size range up to FFF larger parts or feature-additions. The surface finish on products from several AM processes is still Near-Net-Shape. An important goal is the minimization of any post-processing, such as machining or surface finishing, to achieve Net-Shape capability within the surface finish tolerances of the part design.
COMPARISON OF SERUM ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS AND INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES BETWEEN HEALTHY AND SUBCLINICALLY ENDOMETRITIC POSTPARTUM BUFFALOES

The aim of the current study was to determine the levels of acute-phase proteins haptoglobin [Hp], serum amyloid A [SAA] and proinflammatory cytokinesinterleukin-6 [IL-6, and IL-8] in serum of buffaloes that developed subclinical endometritis (SCE) during the early postpartum period. Endometritis, which is one of the most common postpartum diseases in cattle and occurs several weeks postpartum, causes severe economic losses. A total of 72 buffaloes, aged 3 years to 12 years and at 15–24 days post-calving, were enrolled in this study. All the animals were checked by transrectal palpation, ultrasound examination to evaluate degree of uterine involution. Endometrial cytological samples were collected by using cytobrush to determine the proportions of endometrial cells and PMNs and later incidence of cytological endometritis in week 4 postpartum buffaloes. Blood samples (10 ml) were collected weekly from week 4 to week 7 after calving to measure levels of IL-6, IL-8 and acute-phase proteins: Hp and SAA in healthy and buffalo cows that developed cytological endometritis. The experimental group consisted of 12 buffaloes with subclinical endometritis and the control group of 12 buffaloes without cytological endometritis. Analyses in both groups of cows were carried out at weeks 4, 5, 6, and 7 postpartum (DPP). The levels of the following cytokines: IL-6, IL-8 and acute-phase proteins: Hp and SAA were determined using ELISA. Twelve of 72 clinically healthy buffalo cows (16.6%) had subclinical endometritis (≥ 8 % PMN cows). The levels of IL-6, IL-8, Hp, and SAA significantly (P < 0.05) were higher in buffalo cows with subclinical endometritis than healthy animals. The results indicate that the evaluation of the levels of cytokines and Hp in serum can be an important diagnostic indicator in buffalo cows that developed subclinical endometritis.
WebSys- Robustness Assessment and Testing

In recent years, the World Wide Web (WWW) has become a popular platform for system development. There are several factors that make Web-development special. There is a large number of quality requirements in the Web-based system. Web projects involve people with a diverse background, such as technical people with background in programming and non-technical people with background in graphical design. In addition, the Web-based system are often not developed separately, but is integrating existing subsystems. The time-to-marked requirement is strong. Web-based system must tolerate errors and abnormal situations caused by internal component failure or user mistakes. Therefore, robustness is considered to be a critical factor for Web-based systems. Building a robust Web-based system is never an easy task. Furthermore, the end users of Web-based systems have different backgounds. Many have knowledge of the Web, others have little or no knowledge of the Web. Since Web-systems are used by people with a rather diverse background, it is important that the Web-based systems must have error tolerance and ability to survive due to user mistake. The main focus of this project is analyzing robustness of Web-based system. In order to analyze robustness of Web-based system, it is necessary to carry out a robustness assessment. Assessment methods are used to evaluate the robustness and give an estimating of the system's robustness. Further, robustness testing of a Web-based system has to be performed to get an idea of the system's current robustness. The result of estimating and test result will also be discussed, compared and evaluated. An Automatic Acceptance Testing of Web Applications (AutAT) will be used to test the robustness of a Web-based system. DAIM (Norwegian: Digtal Arkivering og Innlevering av Masteroppgaver) is the target system that will be tested the robustness of. Keywords: Robustness, testing, robustness assessment, robustness estimating, Web-based system, AutAT, DAIM.
Advances in help-seeking research and applications : the role of emerging technologies

Research on help seeking has primarily focused on classrooms interactions that consist primarily of students asking teachers and peers for help. The rapid emergence of information and communications technologies and interactive learning environments, however, requires expanding the help-seeking landscape and rethinking such critical theoretical issues as the distinction between help seeking and information search, and whether help seeking is inevitably a social self-regulated learning strategy. There is also the need to focus attention on help seeking in the broader learning enterprise, which includes its role in the collaboration process, how to support adaptive rather than the over- or under-reliance on help seeking, as well as to scaffold help-seeking skills that render the process more efficient and useful. To examine these and other issues, the present volume assembled contributions from internationally recognised scholars and researchers to capture the state of the art and to anticipate future developments in this expanding field. Its relevance extends to anyone attempting to understand the role of technology in education, including educational researchers and teachers who do now or who expect to use technology to support instruction, and the rapidly expanding numbers of those developing new technological applications.
Managing a Sustainable Institutional Repository: The Covenant University Experience

The paper examined the ubiquitous nature of digital institutional repositories and their concomitant capabilities. It specifically show-cased the robust process and technical details involved in the development and sustenance of Covenant University Institutional Repository which has consistently ranked number one repository in Nigeria based on webometric rankings. Relying on Strajda Process Management model, Covenant University adopted two open source software- Dspace and E-print based on adjudged robustness of the metadata, relative easy to setup as well as amenable to customization. The paper recommended among others, the sensitization of researchers on the dangers of ceding copyright to Journal publishers as the practice divests them of inherent rights and may preclude deposition of their works on the Institutional repository thereby undermining growth of content and visibility of research outputs. It further recommended backup systems that forestall intrusion and mitigate effect of potential disasters on sustainability of Institutional Repository.
Honey I Love You, but … Investigating the Causes of the Earnings Penalty of Being a Tied-migrant Military Spouse

Prior empirical research on the earnings penalty of being a tied-migrant has focused primarily on the working wives of servicemen. Over the last couple of decades the increased number of women in the armed forces makes it feasible to study the earnings of another group of tied-migrants, the husbands of servicewomen. Using data from the 2000 U.S. Census, Sample Edited Detail File (SEDF), we show that there is a consistently lower age-earnings pattern for military husbands as well as wives. These annual earnings patterns capture the essence of, but do not provide an explanation for, the observed annual earnings differences. These differences are evaluated using multivariate analysis accounting for sample selectivity. Moreover, decomposition analysis strongly suggests that demand-side factors account for a greater portion of the differences in annual earnings than has been previously acknowledged and, therefore, that retention might respond favorably to job matching assistance and/or employer hiring incentives offered military spouses.
Web Services Security and E-business

Many techniques, algorithms, protocols and tools have been developed in the different aspects of cyber-security, namely, authentication, access control, availability, integrity, privacy, confidentiality and non-repudiation as they apply to both networks and systems. "Web Services Security and E-Business" focuses on architectures and protocols, while bringing together the understanding of security problems related to the protocols and applications of the Internet, and the contemporary solutions to these problems. "Web Services Security and E-Business" provides insight into uncovering the security risks of dynamically-created content, and how proper content management can greatly improve the overall security. It also studies the security lifecycle and how to respond to an attack, as well as the problems of site hijacking and phishing.
Chapter 1: CKD in the General Population

 In light of the 2017 blood pressure guidelines from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA), this year we examine hypertension control at both 130/80 mm Hg and 140/90 mm Hg. In a comparison of four cohorts of NHANES participants (2001-2004, 2005-2008, 2009-2012, and 2013-2016), little change was seen among individuals without chronic kidney disease (CKD), but among individuals with CKD, the percentage within the ACC/AHA guidelines has improved from 40.4% to 48.8% for BP <130/80 and from 61.5% to 68.4% for BP <140/90 (Figures 1.10.b and 1.10.a).
Effects of polymer concentration and molecular weight on the dynamics of visco-elasto-capillary breakup

Monitoring the coil-stretch transition of polymers in transient extensional flow fields provides a unique possibility to observe the stress distribution between polymer and solvent even for very dilute solutions (with sub-ppm concentrations). In this paper we will present recent investigations on the capillary breakup behavior of a series of polystyrene solutions with narrowly-distributed molecular weight that are progressively diluted in solvents with different viscosities. We show that there exists a critical dilution concentration below which the dominant stress resisting breakup is carried solely by the solvent. This observation is supported by numerical simulation of the stress evolution using a multimode FENE-P mode algorithm based on the one-dimensional analysis of Entov and Hinch for transient extensional flows. The influence of the molar mass as well as a molar mass distribution on the stress evolution and the critical dilution concentration is also discussed. Finally, we consider the influence of the chemical structure of more complex macromolecules on the transient extensional flow that arises in capillary break-up rheometers.
The internationalisation of green technologies and the realisation of green growth

This thesis investigates how the ‘spatialisation’ of green technologies influences opportunities to realise green growth from different industrial activities – an aspect of green growth which is currently underrepresented in the literature. The research compiles various datasets representing world-wide indicators of innovation and manufacturing, as well as interviews with researchers and industrial actors in different economies, to investigate the spatialisation of solar photovoltaic (PV) industries. The overarching purpose is to examine whether domestic economies need both innovation and manufacturing in order to supply green technologies. The thesis comprises of four standalone chapters (Chapter 2 to 5) that explore this question by applying evolutionary economic geography (EEG) theory on the concept of green growth. The first chapter (Chapter 2) develops a conceptual framework on how the spatialisation of technologies affects the composition of industrial activities in various economies. It argues the localisation of green innovation enables economies to be resilient to the loss in manufacturing. The second chapter (Chapter 3) demonstrates that both ‘first-mover’ and ‘late-comer’ economies contribute towards solar PV innovation, despite the majority of global manufacturing shifting to China. The third chapter (Chapter 4) finds patterns of research collaboration between different countries based on their respective innovation/manufacturing intensities. The last chapter (Chapter 5) explores how the presence (or absence) of domestic manufacturing influences actors’ commercialisation of different solar PV technologies. The findings seek to advance the competitiveness debate by recognising the tension between the internationalisation of green technologies and the realisation of green growth in domestic economies. First, it argues that economies realise long-term green growth by retaining highvalue activities that other economies cannot reproduce. Second, it recognises that an economy does not need both innovation and manufacturing to commercialise green technologies, but that the propensity to rely on local resources is influenced by the domestic industrial composition and the maturity of a technology. These findings emphasise that industrial policies should consider spatial characteristics in assessing whether domestic green technology supply and/or markets will lead to green growth in the domestic economy.