Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aerosol chemistry, transport and climatic implications during extreme biomass
burning emissions over Indo-Gangetic Plain

Abstract. The large-scale emissions of airborne particulates from burning of agricultural residues particularly over the upper Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) have often been associated with frequent formation of haze, adverse health impacts, modification in aerosol climatology and thereby aerosols impact on regional climate. In this study, short-term variations in aerosol climatology during extreme biomass burning emissions over IGP, and thereby to regional climate were investigated. Size-segregated particulate concentration was initially measured and submicron particles (PM1.1) were found to dominate particulate mass within the fine mode (PM2.1). Particulate bound water-soluble ions were mainly secondary in nature, primarily composed of sulfate and nitrate. There was evidence of gaseous NH3 dominating neutralization of acidic aerosol species (SO42−) in submicron particles, in contrast to crustal dominating neutralization in coarser particulates. Variation in black carbon mass ratio was found to be influenced by local sources, while sudden increase in concentration was consistent with high Delta-C, referring to biogenic emissions. Influence of biomass burning emissions were established using specific organic (levoglucosan), inorganic (K+ and NH4+) and satellite (UV Aerosol Index, UVAI) tracers. Levoglucosan was the most abundant within submicron particles (649±177 ng m−3), with a very high ratio (>50) against other anhydrosugars, indicating exclusive emissions from burning of agriculture residues. Temporal variations of all the tracers were consistent, while NH4+ was more closely associated to levoglucosan. Spatio-temporal distribution of aerosol and few trace gases (CO and NO2) were evaluated using both space-borne active and passive sensors, and a significant increase in columnar aerosol loading (AOD: 0.98) was evident during extreme biomass burning emissions, with presence of absorbing aerosols (UVAI > 1.5) having low aerosol layer height (~1.5 km). A strong intraseasonality in aerosol cross-sectional altitudinal profile was even noted from CALIPSO, referring dominance of smoke and polluted continental aerosols across IGP. Possible transport mechanism of biomass smoke was established using cluster analysis and concentration weighted of air mass back-trajectories. Short-wave aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) was further simulated considering intraseasonality in aerosol properties, which resulted in considerable increase of atmospheric ARF (135 Wm−2) and heating rate (4.3 K day−1) during extreme biomass burning emissions compared to non-dominating one (56 Wm−2, 1.8 K day−1). We therefore conclude that influence of biomass burning emissions on regional aerosol climatology must need to be studied in much finer scale to improve parameterization of aerosol/-climate model across the region.
k-Leibniz algebras from lower order ones: from Lie triple to Lie l-ple systems

Two types of higher order Lie l-ple systems are introduced in this paper. They are defined by brackets with l > 3 arguments satisfying certain conditions, and generalize the well known Lie triple systems. One of the generalizations uses a construction that allows us to associate a (2n − 3)-Leibniz algebra L with a metric n-Leibniz algebra ˜ L by using a 2(n − 1)-linear Kasymov trace form for ˜ L. Some specific types of k-Leibniz algebras, relevant in the construction, are introduced as well. Both higher order Lie l-ple generalizations reduce to the standard Lie triple systems for l = 3.
Comparison of Commercial and Locally Identified Yeast Strains in Relation to Young Wine Quality of Cabernet Sauvignon

The present study was conducted to evaluate the fermentation efficiency of locally identified yeast strains against the commercial yeast preparations in the case of Cabernet Sauvignon wines. For this purpose, must of Cabernet Sauvignon was inoculated separately with three each of commercial (KIV 1116, EC 1118 and Premier Cuvee) and locally identified (RS1, RS2 and RS3) yeast strains. The physicochemical parameters of wines made with these two groups of yeast strains showed significant differences during fermentation. The pH values ranged from 3.40 to 3.55, which fall in the agreeable limit. The minimum alcohol content, i.e. 10.32%, was found in the wine with maximum reducing sugars. Wine made from the inoculation of strain EC 1118 contained 11.06% alcohol. The anthocyanin content differed significantly among all the yeast strains. The maximum anthocyanin content was found in wine prepared from RS1 (15.70 g/l). Maximum colour intensity (14.66) was observed in the RS2 yeast strain. The wines made from locally identified yeast strains contained more antioxidant reducing power (FRAP) than commercially available yeast strains. Significant differences were noted among the yeast strains in relation to FRAP values. The locally identified yeast strains were found to be on par with commercial yeast strains. These strains can be used for further studies on other important varieties.
Title An impulse response function for the " long tail " of excess atmospheric CO 2 in an Earth system model Permalink

The ultimate fate of (fossil fuel) CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is governed by a range of sedimentological and geological processes operating on timescales of up to the ca. hundred thousand year response of the silicate weathering feedback. However, how the various geological CO2 sinks might saturate and feedbacks weaken in response to increasing total emissions is poorly known. Here we explore the relative importance and timescales of these processes using a 3-D ocean-based Earth system model. We first generate an ensemble of 1Myr duration CO2 decay curves spanning cumulative emissions of up to 20,000 Pg C. To aid characterization and understanding of the model response to increasing emission size, we then generate an impulse response function description for the long-term fate of CO2 in the model. In terms of the process of carbonate weathering and burial, our analysis is consistent with a progressively increasing fraction of total emissions that are removed from the atmosphere as emissions increase, due to the ocean carbon sink becoming saturated, together with a lengthening of the timescale of removal from the atmosphere. However, we find that in our model the ultimate CO2 sink—silicate weathering feedback—is approximately invariant with respect to cumulative emissions, both in terms of its importance (it removes the remaining excess ~7% of total emissions from the atmosphere) and timescale (~270 kyr). Because a simple pulse-response description leads to initially large predictive errors for a realistic time-varying carbon release, we also develop a convolution-based description of atmospheric CO2 decay which can be used as a simple and efficient means of making long-term carbon cycle perturbation projections.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Robust control charts in statistical process control

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Angiogenic Switches Play a Critical Progression in Cancer

Tumor angiogenesis has become an important field of research over the past decade due to its crucial role in the growth and spread of cancer. Significant amount of literature has demonstrated the link between tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and prognosis. Not all tumors are angiogenesis-derived and the angiogenesis switch is a sign of the ability of tumor and inflammatory cells to produce angiogenesis factors in tumor microenvironment. Endothelial cell genetic stability plays an important role in this phenomenon as it makes it less likely to build up resistance towards agents aimed at tumor vasculature. Furthermore, since a minor 0.05% of the adult human body undergoes angiogenesis at any given moment, the potential side effects of anti-angiogenesis treatments is minimal. This study focuses on the role of and methods of modulating angiogenesis in tumor development.
The Conference in Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2014 ( PED 2014 ) Anticipation behavior upstream of a bottleneck

Whether pedestrian movements do or do not follow similar patterns as vehicular traffic while experiencing congestion is not entirely understood. Using data gathered during bottleneck experiments under laboratory conditions, the phenomenon of anticipation before entering congestion is studied. This paper provides proof that the movement behavior of pedestrians upstream and downstream of bottleneck severely differs severely. As such, this paper concludes that a fundamental diagram of pedestrian movement dynamics can only be provided for each separate situation. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of PED2014.
Ranking the Radial Configurations for Minimum Losses Distribution System Reconfiguration. Part 1: Benchmark Results

In electricity distribution systems with weakly meshed structure and radial operation, the determination of the optimal radial configuration for a given objective function (e.g., minimum losses) is a challenging task because of lack of regularity of the system topology. This paper provides benchmark results on the determination of the configuration with minimum losses for five test networks commonly used in the literature. The analysis is carried out for a single set of data representing the system loading. Further results considering a multiple reconfigurations run at successive time intervals are included in the companion paper (Part 2)
Literacy for All : Rationales and Realities

This qualitative study is a critical examination of the rationales for the goal of scientific literacy for all in the United States. Eleven participants, mostly university-based science educators, were interviewed and their comments were analyzed using the methods of grounded theory (constant comparative analysis). The rationales the participants gave for the goal of scientific literacy for all can be grouped into at least four categories: Social Benefits of Science, Personal Benefits of Science, Promoting Humanity, and Control of Science. There are tensions between these categories because they have different implications for policy, programs and practices. There is little empirical evidence for any of the rationales discussed here; the participants seem to feel rationales represent philosophical or value statements, and they are not concerned by the lack of research into whether or how scientific literacy actually benefits people. It is suggested the goal would be more likely to be achieved if the rationales were convincing to the public, and that empirical studies of scientific literacy's benefits would be a step in the right direction. (Contains 18 references.) (Author) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
α-Galactosidase purified from Bifidobacterium longum JCM 7052 grown on gum arabic

Among some strains, Bifidobacterium longum JCM 7052 grew well anaerobically in a medium with gum arabic, and showed high activities of αand β-galactosidases. α-Galactosidase was purified 66-fold from B. longum JCM 7052 grown on gum arabic by ammonium sulfate fractionation, and chromatographies on Sepharose 4B, Q-Sepharose, Butyl-S Sepharose, and hydroxyapatite. The enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 79 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and 150 kDa by PAGE without SDS, suggesting the dimeric nature of the enzyme. This α-galactosidase showed optimal activity at pH 8.0 and at 40–45°C. Hydrolysis of α-galactosides showed normal saturation kinetics: Km values for 4-nitrophenyl-α-D-galactopyranoside, raffinose, and stachyose were 0.15, 88.3, and 126 mM, respectively. The activity of α-galactosidase was inhibited competitively by tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane: its Ki was 32 mM. Transgalactosylation activity was also observed from 4-nitrophenyl-α-D-galactopyranoside to galactose and melibiose.
Astrometric planet search around southern ultracool dwarfs II: Astrometric reduction methods and a deep astrometric catalogue

We describe the astrometric reduction of images obtained with the FORS2/VLT camera in the framework of an astrometric planet search around 20 M/L-transition dwarfs. We present the correction of systematic errors, the achieved astrometric performance, and a new astrometric catalogue containing the faint reference stars in 20 fields located close to the Galactic plane. We detected three types of systematic errors in the FORS2 astrometry: the relative motion of the camera's two CCD chips, errors that are correlated in space, and an error contribution of yet unexplained origin. The relative CCD motion has probably a thermal origin and usually is 0.001-0.010 px (~0.1-1 mas), but sometimes amounts to 0.02-0.05 px (3-6 mas). This instability and space-correlated errors are detected and mitigated using reference stars. The third component of unknown origin has an amplitude of 0.03-0.14 mas and is independent of the observing conditions. We find that a consecutive sequence of 32 images of a well-exposed star over 40 min at 0.6" seeing results in a median r.m.s. of the epoch residuals of 0.126 mas. Overall, the epoch residuals are distributed according to a normal law with a chi2~1. We compiled a catalogue of 12000 stars with I-band magnitudes of 16-22 located in 20 fields, each covering ~2x2'. It contains I-band magnitudes, ICRF positions with 40-70 mas precision, and relative proper motions and absolute trigonometric parallaxes with a precision of 0.1 mas/yr and 0.1 mas at the bright end, respectively.
Programs : * Online Systems : Personality Assessment : * Psychological Testing : Statistical Analysis : * Test Interpretation IDENTIFIERS Kappa Coefficient : * Rorschach Test

This paper provides a description of an online Rorschach interpretation algorithm for the Exner cospretensive system, as well as a study conducted to evaluate the validity of the online interpretive algorithm. The user, systems, and equipment specifications for the algorithm are explained, and the potential advantages of its use to enhance clinical efficiency and clinician skill in decision making are discussed. The validity . )f the online interpretation was tested by asking two expert cliniciars tc compare the computerized output with the structural interpretation used in the text for 10 sets of Rorschach reports, The computer-generated narratives were found to be as useful as clinician reports in four of The six characteristics reported, and possible solutions to the problems with the remaining two dimensions are suggested,. Sixteen references are cited. (HER)
Search for forced oscillations in binaries - IV. The eclipsing binary V436 Per revisited

An analysis of new spectroscopic and photoelectric UBV observations, satisfactorily covering the whole orbital period of V436 Per, together with existing data allowed us to improve the knowledge of the basic physical characteristics of the binary and its components. In several aspects, our new results dier from the findings of Paper I of this series: in particular, we found that it is the star eclipsed in the secondary minimum which is slightly more massive and larger than the optical primary. We also conclude that the apsidal advance - if present at all - is much slower than that estimated in a previous study. The orbital period might be increasing by 0.28 s per year but also this finding is very uncertain and needs verification by future observations. It is encouraging to note that two completely independent sets of programs for light-curve solutions lead to identical results. A notable finding is that both binary components rotate with very similar - if not identical - rotational periods of 1 d :45 and 1 d :40, much shorter than what would correspond to a 10 d9 spin-orbit synchronization period at periastron. Rapid line-profile changes
Influence of storage containers on the physicochemical and microbiological (biofilm formation) indices of drinking water sources

Effect of surfaces of earthenware pots, glass, plastic and stainless steel containers on the physicochemical and bacteriological (biofilm formation) quality of borehole and atmospheric water stored for twelve days were determined using standard analytical and bacteriological techniques. Susceptibility of the bacterial isolates to different antibiotics was also determined using standard Kirby-Bauer agar disc diffusion procedures. The physicochemical parameters determined for borehole water sample were within WHO permissible standard while rain water sample recorded slightly higher values for NO3 - , and NO2 (10.2 mgL -1 and 0.045 mgL -1 respectively) than WHO standards of 10 mgL -1 and 0.02 mgL -1 respectively. Biofilm bacterial communities from stored borehole water consisted of nine genera including Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Klebsiella, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Proteus, Serratia, and Enterobacter. The recovery rate of the various bacterial genera were 40% in earthenware pot, 80% in plastic, 70% in stainless steel and 60% of the genera were isolated from glass container for stored borehole water. Fewer bacterial genera were isolated from stored atmospheric water and these included Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Yersinia. The isolates were recovered at the rates of 40%, 80%, 60% and 40% in earthenware pot, plastic, stainless steel and glass containers respectively. While Escherichia coli, Yersinia sp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited remarkable sensitivity to Septrin (30 μg), Ampicillin (30 μg), Augmentin (30 μg) and Nalidixic acid (10 μg) as evinced by clear zones of inhibition, Enterobacter sp, Klebsiella sp and Proteus sp were moderately sensitive to some of the tested antibiotics. Amongst the gram positive bacteria, Micrococcus sp was most sensitive to the various antibiotics. Although Staphylococcus aureus showed resistance to most of the tested antibiotics, it was sensitive to Erythromycin (30 μg) and Chloramphenicol (30 μg). It could be deduced from the above results that the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of stored water are affected by both the source of the water and type of storage vessel. Although the effect of the vessels are not definitive, the levels of pH, Mg 2+ , NO2 - , NO3 - and hardness are enhanced in water stored in earthenware pots. The isolation of antibiotic resistant bacteria from stored water is of public health concern, thus, drinking water should not be held in containers for more than a day or two.
Research on Active Obstacle Avoidance for Autonomous Vehicle Based on Model Predictive Control

In order to track the active obstacle avoidance path of the autonomous vehicle, this thesis proposes two controllers with different inputs and constraints, on the basis of the Model Predictive Control (MPC). The controller A takes front-wheel steering angle as control input, while the controller B adds rear-wheel braking torque as another control input with extra constraints on the rear wheel braking torque. The simulation results indicate that both controllers can well track the desired path. More specifically, the performance of controller B is better than controller A in terms of lateral displacement and yaw rate, but the performance of controller A is better in yaw angle.
SUSS Revisited : an interactive spatial understanding support system (ISUSS) for collaborative spatial problem structuring + powerpoint

Collaborative planning theories emphasize the involvement of stakeholders from the earlier phases of planning such as scoping or problem formulation. To formulate the problem rightly, there should be a thorough understanding of the problematic situation. Analytical tools to support these participatory activities can be found in the notion of Spatial Understanding Support System (SUSS), that considers problem structuring paradigm rather than problem solving paradigm. However, they have been conceptualized to enhance public participation for structuring disputes, rather than providing deep insights on problematic situations.
Molecular and morphological analysis of subfamily Alooideae (Asphodelaceae) and the inclusion of Chortolirion in Aloe

Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae (Asparagales) currently comprises five genera, four of which are endemic to southern Africa. Despite their importance in commercial horticulture the evolutionary relationships among the genera are still incompletely understood. This study examines phylogenetic relationships in the subfamily using an expanded molecular sequence dataset from three plastid regions (matK, rbcLa, trnH-psbA) and the first subunit of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1). Sequence data were analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian statistics, and selected morphological traits were mapped onto the molecular phylogeny. Haworthia is confirmed as being polyphyletic, comprising three main clades that largely correlate with current subgeneric circumscriptions. Astroloba and Gasteria are evidently each monophyletic and sister respectively to Astroloba and H. subg. Robustipedunculares. Chortolirion is shown to be deeply nested within Aloe and is formally included in that genus. Aloe itself is clearly polyphyletic, with the dwarf species A. aristata allied to Haworthia subg. Robustipedunculares. The taxonomic implications of these findings are examined but branch support at critical lower nodes is insufficient at this stage to justify implementing major taxonomic changes.
Isolation and Characterization of a Bacteriocin Produced by Pseudomonas solanacearum

Summary: Strain b1, an avirulent non-slime-producing variant of Pseudomonas solanacearum k60, had greater bacteriocinogenic activity than did strain k60 both in liquid and on solid medium. The bacteriocin synthesized by strain b1 inhibited the growth of 43 of 51 P. solanacearum strains tested. It had no effect on strain b1, strain k60, or selected strains from 10 other bacterial species. Although the optimal growth temperature for strain b1 was 32°C, the temperature most favourable for bacteriocin production was 30°C. Bacteriocin titre could be increased by short exposure to ultraviolet light but not by chemical inducing agents. The bacteriocin produced by strain b1 was purified from the culture supernatant by ammonium sulphate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography, membrane ultrafiltration and preparative electrophoresis. Purified bacteriocin, being non-sedimentable, thermolabile and sensitive to proteolytic enzymes, resembled the S-type bacteriocins produced by P. aeruginosa. As determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified bacteriocin had a molecular weight of approximately 65000. It was insensitive to chloroform, nucleases and phospholipase. Although the bacteriocin present in culture supernatant was stable for 3 months at 4°C, the activity of purified bacteriocin declined rapidly under a variety of storage conditions. Maximum pH stability was between 6 and 8.