Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collective Memories of Portuguese Colonial Action in Africa: Representations of the Colonial Past among Mozambicans and Portuguese Youths

Social representations of the colonization and decolonization processes among young people from a former European colonial power (Portugal) and from an African ex-colony (Mozambique) were investigated through surveys using open- and closed-ended questions about national history, focusing on the identity functions of collective memories. Hegemonic and contested representations were found of the most prominent events related to Portuguese colonization of Mozambique, arousing a range of collective emotions. A central place is occupied by memories of the Colonial War, which ended with the Carnation Revolution in Portugal and the subsequent independence of the Portuguese African colonies. Overall, the depiction of colonialism was more negative for Mozambican than for Portuguese participants. The violent effects of colonial action were very salient in Mozambican memories, which stressed the most oppressive aspects of the colonial period, associated with slave trade and brutal repression. On the Portuguese side, the idealization of the voyages of discovery persisted, obscuring the most violent effects of colonial expansion. However, collective memories of colonization of former colonizer and former colonized do not simply stand opposed. Both Mozambican and Portuguese participants reported ambivalent feelings towards the colonization process.
Feature Description for the Transition-Based Parser for Joint Part-of-Speech Tagging and Labeled Non-Projective Dependency Parsing

We use Σi andBi to denote the ith token in the stack Σ and buffer B, respectively, with indexing starting at 0. Superscripts denote relative positions in the input string. For example, Σ 0 is the word immediately following (in the input string) the word that is currently on top of the stack. We use the following functions to extract tokens from the partially built dependency tree relative to a token t:
SDSS-IV MaNGA – an archaeological view of the cosmic star formation history

We present the results of the archaeological analysis of the stellar populations of a sample of ~4,000 galaxies observed by the SDSS-IV-MaNGA survey using Pipe3D. Based on this analysis we extract a sample of ~150,000 SFRs and stellar masses that mimic a single cosmological survey covering the redshift range between z~0 to z~7. We confirm that the Star-Forming Main Sequence holds as a tight relation in this range of redshifts, and evolves strongly in both the zero-point and slope. This evolution is different for the population of local star-forming (SFGs) and retired (RGs) galaxies, with the latter presenting a stronger evolution in the zero-point and a weaker evolution in the slope. The fraction of RGs decreases rapidly with z, particularly for those classified as RGs at z~0. Contrary to previous studies we detect RGs well above z>1, although not all of them are progenitors of local RGs. Finally, adopting the required corrections to make the survey complete in mass in a limited volume, we recover the cosmic star-formation rate (SFR), stellar mass density, and average specific SFR histories of the Universe in this wide range of look-back times, with a remarkable agreement with the values reported by various cosmological surveys. We demonstrate that the progenitors of local RGs were more actively forming stars in the past, contributing to most of the cosmic SFR density at z>0.5, and to most of the cosmic stellar mass density at any redshift. They suffer a general quenching in the SFR at z~0.35. Below this redshift the progenitors of local SFGs dominate the SFR density of the Universe.
The Financial Channels of Labor Rigidities: Evidence from Portugal

How do credit shocks affect labor market reallocation and firms' exit, and how does their propagation depend on labor rigidities at the firm level? To answer these questions, we match administrative data on worker, firms, banks and credit relationships in Portugal, and conduct an event study of the interbank market freeze at the end of 2008. Consistent with other empirical literature, we provide novel evidence that the credit shock had significant effects on employment dynamics and firms' survival. These findings are entirely driven by the interaction of the credit shock with labor market frictions, determined by rigidities in labor costs and exposure to working-capital financing, which we label ``labor-as-leverage'' and ``labor-as-investment'' financial channels. The credit shock explains about 29 percent of the employment loss among large Portuguese firms between 2008 and 2013, and contributes to productivity losses due to increased labor misallocation.
Incomplete Markets and Commodity-Linked Finance in Developing Countries

This article provides a framework for appraising new financial instruments and evaluating the extent to which they can help alleviate problems of incomplete credit markets and contingent claims markets in developing countries. Although the issues involved apply to any new financial instrument, the author gives particular attention to commodity-linked securities because many developing countries specialize in producing a handful of primary commodities and are therefore exposed to substantial commodity price risks. The article looks at the supply of, demand for, and pricing of commodity-linked securities and discusses some issues that affect their use by developing countries: their special legal status as sovereign debt; their feasibility (since to become truly effective they will require liquid secondary markets); and the construction of an optimal portfolio of external debt obligations. It also discusses the potential for new financial instruments-particularly commodity-linked securities-as a tool for risk management in developing countries.
Data Analytics with Differential Privacy

Differential privacy is the state-of-the-art definition for privacy, guaranteeing that any analysis performed on a sensitive dataset leaks no information about the individuals whose data are contained therein. In this thesis, we develop differentially private algorithms to analyze distributed and streaming data. In the distributed model, we consider the particular problem of learning -- in a distributed fashion -- a global model of the data, that can subsequently be used for arbitrary analyses. We build upon PrivBayes, a differentially private method that approximates the high-dimensional distribution of a centralized dataset as a product of low-order distributions, utilizing a Bayesian Network model. We examine three novel approaches to learning a global Bayesian Network from distributed data, while offering the differential privacy guarantee to all local datasets. Our work includes a detailed theoretical analysis of the distributed, differentially private entropy estimator which we use in one of our algorithms, as well as a detailed experimental evaluation, using both synthetic and real-world data. In the streaming model, we focus on the problem of estimating the density of a stream of users, which expresses the fraction of all users that actually appear in the stream. We offer one of the strongest privacy guarantees for the streaming model, user-level pan-privacy, which ensures that the privacy of any user is protected, even against an adversary that observes the internal state of the algorithm. We provide a detailed analysis of an existing, sampling-based algorithm for the problem and propose two novel modifications that significantly improve it, both theoretically and experimentally, by optimally using all the allocated"privacy budget. "
Requirements for a Mobile Knowledge Management System in Engineering Design

As products become more complex, a significant amount of design knowledge support is required by designers during the design process. However, given that design activity is not only confined within a design office, knowledge support must be provided to designers even when away from their usual workplace. This provision of knowledge is essential to the successful product development, and is also important to the enhancement of a company’s competitiveness. Furthermore, design knowledge is dynamic in nature, and this implies that practicing designers require continuous learning resources. This growing synergy between knowledge management and learning will eventually result in better engineering design support. With the ever-increasing popularity of mobile devices (such as PDAs, smartphones and pocket PCs), access to information, knowledge and learning resources can be greatly facilitated. The contribution of this paper consists of the identification of a set of requirements and system functions necessary for the development of a mobile Knowledge Management (mKM) system that integrates mobile devices within the knowledge management loop to support engineering designers situated in mobile work settings with design knowledge and learning.
eScholarship Title Patient Activation through Counseling and Exercise ¿ Acute Leukemia ( PACE-AL ) ¿ a randomized controlled trial Permalink

Background: Patients with acute leukemia experience a substantial symptom burden and are at risk of developing infections throughout the course of repeated cycles of intensive chemotherapy. Physical activity in recent years has been a strategy for rehabilitation in cancer patients to remedy disease and treatment related symptoms and side effects. To date, there are no clinical practice exercise guidelines for patients with acute leukemia undergoing induction and consolidation chemotherapy. A randomized controlled trial is needed to determine if patients with acute leukemia can benefit by a structured and supervised counseling and exercise program. Methods/design: This paper presents the study protocol: Patient Activation through Counseling and Exercise – Acute Leukemia (PACE-AL) trial, a two center, randomized controlled trial of 70 patients with acute leukemia (35 patients/study arm) following induction chemotherapy in the outpatient setting. Eligible patients will be randomized to usual care or to the 12 week exercise and counseling program. The intervention includes 3 hours + 30 minutes per week of supervised and structured aerobic training (moderate to high intensity 70 80%) on an ergometer cycle, strength exercises using hand weights and relaxation exercise. Individual health counseling sessions include a self directed home walk program with a step counter. The primary endpoint is functional performance/exercise capacity (6 minute walk distance). The secondary endpoints are submaximal VO2 max test, sit to stand and bicep curl test, physical activity levels, patient reported outcomes (quality of life, anxiety and depression, symptom prevalence, intensity and interference). Evaluation of clinical outcomes will be explored including incidence of infection, hospitalization days, body mass index, time to recurrence and survival. Qualitative exploration of patients’ health behavior and experiences. Discussion: PACE-AL will provide evidence of the effect of exercise and health promotion counseling on functional and physical capacity, the symptom burden and quality of life in patients with acute leukemia during out patient management. The results will inform clinical practice exercise guidelines and rehabilitation programs for patients undergoing treatment for acute leukemia. Optimizing the treatment and care pathway may ease the transition for patients from illness to the resumption of everyday activities. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01404520.
Analysis of the Governance Models Applied in Agricultural Primary Cooperatives: The Case of Ilu Galan District, West Shawa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Prompted by increased concern about cooperative governance, the study was conducted to analyze the governance architecture, the governance models applied and the factors determining the choice of the application of the models using data obtained from 114(99 male and 15 female) respondents from four of Primary Agricultural cooperatives in Ilu Galan District. The study focuses on the governance architecture, six governance models (Democratic, Compliance, Partnership, Cooptation, Stakeholder and Rubber Stamp) and determining factors thematically organized in to seven themes: Teaming, leadership, Conflict of interest, Unnecessary intervention, legal, governance and education/training. The data analysis was made using descriptive statistics: percentage of frequency, weighted mean, standard deviation and ranking methods. The results identified that primary Agricultural cooperatives in the District have the poorly adapted governance architecture which cannot clearly show the governance framework or the four pillars (accountability, transparency, predictability and participation) and strategic leadership activities (the vision, mission, objectives and activities to be achieved in their plan and bylaw). The cooperatives hardly apply the principles of cooperatives in general and that of governance models in particular. Democratic, Co-optation, Rubber Stamp Models were the top three models that Primary Agricultural Cooperatives were implementing in the District. The data analyzed show that almost all the members of the cooperatives were confused with word “model” as a result of which governance related factors, lack of awareness/education/training, Teaming and strategic leadership factors were the first four important factors in influencing the choice of the application of Cooperative Governance Model to Primary Agricultural Cooperatives in the District. Therefore, the prescriptions for the cure also lie in bringing about improvement in these factors.
EFFECT OF LOW CARBON ECONOMY ON ENTERPRISE COMPETITIVENESS: A MULTIPLE MEDIATION MODEL

The low-carbon economy is an economic model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions. According to some research, a low-carbon economy model can have a significant impact on a company’s competitiveness. However, there are two different types of views on the relationship between environmental regulation and corporate competitiveness. This study uses a method of testing multiple mediations that can explain many complex internal mechanisms in the field of organizational behavior science. The results show that the low carbon economy has a positive effect on technology innovation, and this effect will influence enterprise competitiveness through sustainable development. We also found that the compound multiple mediation model has an advantage in explaining the problems involved with low carbon economy and enterprise competitiveness.
J-garning Curves , PersonaTCharacteristics , and Job Performance , v _

This research contribution uses data on the productivity of Naval Reserve recruiters to estimate the effects of on-the-job learning, experience, and individual characteristics on job performance. The econometric £q)proach begins with the Poisson distribution whose mean is assumed to be a function of explanatory variables. Generalizations are specified to control for individual heterogeneity as well as over-dispersion.
Simultaneous radio and optical observations of the mid-latitude atmospheric response to a major geomagnetic storm of 6 – 8 April 2000

Basic properties of the mid-latitude traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) during the maximum phase of a major magnetic storm of 6–8 April 2000 are shown. Total electron content (TEC) variations were studied by using data from GPS receivers located in Russia and Central Asia. The nightglow response to this storm at mesopause and termospheric altitudes was also measured by optical instruments FENIX located at the observatory of the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (51:9◦N; 103:0◦E), and MORTI located at the observatory of the Institute of Ionosphere (43:2◦N; 77:0◦E). Observations of the O (557:7 and 630:0 nm) emissions originating from atmospheric layers centered at altitudes of 90 and 250 km were carried out at Irkutsk and of the O2(b ∑+ g −X 3 ∑− g ) (0-1) emission originating from an atmospheric layer centered at altitude of 94 km was carried out at Almaty. Our radio and optical measurement network observed a storm-induced solitary large-scale wave with duration of 1 h and a wave front width of no less than 5000 km, while it traveled equatorward with a velocity of 200 m=s from 62◦N to 38◦N geographic latitude. The TEC disturbance, basically displaying an electron content depression in the maximum of the F2 region, reveals a good correlation with growing nightglow emission, the temporal shift between the TEC and emission variation maxima being diAerent for diAerent altitudes. A comparison of the auroral oval parameters with dynamic spectra of TEC variations and optical 630 nm emissions in the frequency range 0.4–4 mHz (250–2500 s periods) showed that as the auroral oval expands into mid-latitudes, also does the region with a developed medium-sale and small-scale TEC structure. c © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
A Semi-Automated Algorithm for Segmenting the Hippocampus in Patient and Control Populations

A Semi-Automated Algorithm for Segmenting the Hippocampus in Control and Patient Populations Nathan McKay Muncy Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology Master of Science Neuroscience Calculating hippocampal volume from Magnetic Resonance (MR) images is an essential task in many studies of neurocognition in healthy and diseased populations. The `gold standard' method involves hand tracing, which is accurate but laborious, requiring expertly trained researchers and significant amounts of time. As such, segmenting large datasets with the standard method is impractical. Current automated pipelines are inaccurate at hippocampal demarcation and volumetry. We developed a semi-automated hippocampal segmentation pipeline based on the Advanced Normalization Tools (ANTs) suite of programs to segment the hippocampus. We applied the semi-automated segmentation pipeline to 70 participant scans (26 female) from groups that included participants diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, healthy older adults (mean age 74) and healthy younger controls. We found that hippocampal segmentations obtained with the semi-automated pipeline more closely matched the segmentations of an expert rater than those obtained using FreeSurfer or the segmentations of novice raters. Further, we found that the pipeline performed best when including manuallyplaced landmarks and when using a template generated from a heterogeneous sample (that included the full variability of group assignments) than a template generated from more homogeneous samples (using only individuals within a given age or with a specific neuropsychiatric diagnosis). Additionally, the semi-automated pipeline required much less time (5 minutes per brain) than manual segmentation (30-60 minutes per brain) or FreeSurfer (8 hours per brain).
Reproductive Interference and Niche Partitioning in Aphidophagous Insects

The range and quality of prey species differ greatly among closely related species of predators. However, the factors responsible for this diversified niche utilization are unclear. This is because the predation and resource competition do not always prevent species coexistence. In this paper, we present evidence in support of reproductive interference as a driver of niche partitioning, focusing on aphidophagous insect. Firstly, we present closely related generalist and specialist species pairs in aphidophagous lacewings to compare the reproductive interference hypothesis with two other hypotheses that have been proposed to explain niche partitioning in lacewings and sympatric speciation through host race formation and sexual selection. Secondly, we present a case study that shows how reproductive interference can drive niche partitioning in sibling ladybird species. Thirdly, we show that many ladybird genera include species inhabiting the same region but having different food and habitat preferences, raising the possibility that reproductive interference might occur in these groups. Finally, we show that intraguild predation cannot always explain the niche partitioning in aphidophagous insects including hoverflies and parasitoids. On the basis of the evidence presented, we urge that future studies investigating predator communities should take account of the role of reproductive interference.
AUTOMATIC BUILDING EXTRACTION USING A DECISION TREE OBJECT-BASED CLASSIFICATION ON JOINT USE OF AERIAL AND LIDAR DATA

Abstract. Updating digital maps is a challenging task that has been considered for many years and the requirement of up-to-date urban maps is universal. One of the main procedures used in updating digital maps and spatial databases is building extraction which is an active research topic in remote sensing and object-based image analysis (OBIA). Since in building extraction field a full automatic system is not yet operational and cannot be implemented in a single step, experts are used to define classification rules based on a complex and subjective “trial-and-error” process. In this paper, a decision tree classification method called, C4.5, was adopted to construct an automatic model for building extraction based on the remote sensing data. In this method, a set of rules was derived automatically then a rule-based classification is applied to the remote sensing data include aerial and lidar images. The results of experiments showed that the obtained rules have exceptional predictive performance.
Rossby number similarity of atmospheric RANS using limited
length scale turbulence closures extended to unstable stratification

Abstract. The design of wind turbines and wind farms can be improved by increasing the accuracy of the inflow models representing the atmospheric boundary layer. In this work we employ one-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations of the idealized atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), using turbulence closures with a length scale limiter. These models can represent the mean effects of surface roughness, Coriolis force, limited ABL depth, and neutral and stable atmospheric conditions using four input parameters: the roughness length, the Coriolis parameter, a maximum turbulence length, and the geostrophic wind speed. We find a new model-based Rossby similarity, which reduces the four input parameters to two Rossby numbers with different length scales. In addition, we extend the limited length scale turbulence models to treat the mean effect of unstable stratification in steady-state simulations. The original and extended turbulence models are compared with historical measurements of meteorological quantities and profiles of the atmospheric boundary layer for different atmospheric stabilities.
Chapter 6 Environmental Contamination and House Values

A house is a bundle of many goods: The number of bedrooms, bathrooms, the quality of local public services, the tidiness of a neighbor’s yard, and the quality of the local environment. If transactions in the housing market reflect the interaction of informed buyers and sellers, then the price that the house sells for is the sum of the prices the buyer is willing to pay for each individual characteristic of the house. It is this notion that motivates environmental economists to study property values. If individuals consider the local environment as a component of the house they purchase, then information on the house and its sales price allows researchers to ‘tease out’ the price that individuals would be willing to pay for environmental goods. This approach relies on the use of the hedonic price model. JEL Classification Codes: Q51, Q53, R2