Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beheshti-NER: Persian named entity recognition Using BERT

Named entity recognition is a natural language processing task to recognize and extract spans of text associated with named entities and classify them in semantic Categories. Google BERT is a deep bidirectional language model, pre-trained on large corpora that can be fine-tuned to solve many NLP tasks such as question answering, named entity recognition, part of speech tagging and etc. In this paper, we use the pre-trained deep bidirectional network, BERT, to make a model for named entity recognition in Persian. We also compare the results of our model with the previous state of the art results achieved on Persian NER. Our evaluation metric is CONLL 2003 score in two levels of word and phrase. This model achieved second place in NSURL-2019 task 7 competition which associated with NER for the Persian language. our results in this competition are 83.5 and 88.4 f1 CONLL score respectively in phrase and word level evaluation.
Theory of Simple Glasses: Exact Solutions in Infinite Dimensions

This pedagogical and self-contained text describes the modern mean field theory of simple structural glasses. The book begins with a thorough explanation of infinite-dimensional models in statistical physics, before reviewing the key elements of the thermodynamic theory of liquids and the dynamical properties of liquids and glasses. The central feature of the mean field theory of disordered systems, the existence of a large multiplicity of metastable states, is then introduced. The replica method is then covered, before the final chapters describe important, advanced topics such as Gardner transitions, complexity, packing spheres in large dimensions, the jamming transition, and the rheology of glass. Presenting the theory in a clear and pedagogical style, this is an excellent resource for researchers and graduate students working in condensed matter physics and statistical mechanics.
The effect of match fatigue in elite badminton players using plantar pressure measurements and the implications to injury mechanisms

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in plantar pressure under the lead and trail foot between two lunge tasks to the net in the dominant (LD) and non-dominant (LND) directions, and to explore how fatigue affects the plantar pressure patterns whilst performing movements before and after a competitive match. Peak and mean pressure were measured with the Biofoot-IBV in-shoe system from five repetitions of each task, with sensors positioned under the calcaneus, midfoot and phalanges on the lead and trail foot. Data were collected pre and immediately post-playing an official first national league competition match. The study was conducted with a sample of thirteen first league badminton players. A 2 × 2 repeated ANOVA found significant differences between the two tasks and between pre- and post-match (fatigued state). Players also had different foot pressure distributions for the LD and LND tasks, which indicated a difference in loading strategy. In a fatigued state, the plantar pressure shifted to the medial aspect of the midfoot in the trail limb, indicating a reduction in control and a higher injury risk during non-dominant lunge tasks.
Sparsity promoting hybrid solvers for hierarchical Bayesian inverse problems

The recovery of sparse generative models from few noisy measurements is an important and challenging problem. Many deterministic algorithms rely on some form of $\ell_1$-$\ell_2$ minimization to combine the computational convenience of the $\ell_2$ penalty and the sparsity promotion of the $\ell_1$. It was recently shown within the Bayesian framework that sparsity promotion and computational efficiency can be attained with hierarchical models with conditionally Gaussian priors and gamma hyperpriors. The related Gibbs energy function is a convex functional and its minimizer, which is the MAP estimate of the posterior, can be computed efficiently with the globally convergent Iterated Alternating Sequential (IAS) algorithm \cite{CSS}. Generalization of the hyperpriors for these sparsity promoting hierarchical models to generalized gamma family yield either globally convex Gibbs energy functionals, or can exhibit local convexity for some choices for the hyperparameters. \cite{CPrSS}. The main problem in computing the MAP solution for greedy hyperpriors that strongly promote sparsity is the presence of local minima. To overcome the premature stopping at a spurious local minimizer, we propose two hybrid algorithms that first exploit the global convergence associated with gamma hyperpriors to arrive in a neighborhood of the unique minimizer, then adopt a generalized gamma hyperprior that promote sparsity more strongly. The performance of the two algorithms is illustrated with computed examples.
Buckwheat heteromorphic self-incompatibility: genetics, genomics and application to breeding

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench 2n = 2x = 16) is an outcrossing crop with heteromorphic self-incompatibility due to its distylous flowers, called pin and thrum. In pin plants, a long style is combined with short stamens and small pollen grains; in thrum plants, a short style is combined with long stamens and large pollen grains. Both the intra-morph self-incompatibility and flower morphology are controlled by a single genetic locus named the S locus; thrum plants are heterozygous (Ss) and pin plants are homozygous recessive (ss) at this locus. Self-incompatibility is an obstacle for establishing pure lines and fixation of agronomically useful genes. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism of heterostylous self-incompatibility of common buckwheat has continued for a quarter of a century. Recent advances in genomic and transcriptomic analyses using next-generation sequencing have made it possible to determine the genomic region harboring the buckwheat S locus and to identify novel genes at this locus. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on buckwheat heterostyly gained from conventional and molecular genetics and genomics. We also discuss the application of these studies to breeding of common buckwheat.
Fucoidan Content from Brown Seaweed (Sargassum filipendula) And Its Potential As Radical Scavenger

One of the health problems arising from the increasing of free radicals in the environment. Therefore, we need an alternative compound that can act as a radical scavenger agent. Fucoidan is one of the sulfated polysaccharides in the cell wall of brown seaweed such as Sargassum filipendula. It is composed of L-fucose, sulfate and small amounts of monosaccharides such as galactose, xylose, glucose, and mannose which are thought to have free radical scavenger activity. However, the content and activity of active compounds are influenced by the extraction method, temperature, time and solvent concentration. This study aims to determine the content and antioxidant activity of fucoidan from brown seaweed (Sargassum filipendula) on the variation of HCl solvent concentrations (0.01M; 0.03M; and 0.05M) and extraction times (10 minutes; 15 minutes; and 20 minutes) using Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction method. The stages of this research include sample preparation, analysis of raw materials, sample pre-treatment, extraction using Ultrasonic Bath, alginate precipitation, fucoidan precipitation, determination of fucoidan content and antioxidant activity of fucoidan (IC50). The results showed that the highest content and antioxidant activity (IC50) of fucoidan from Sargassum filipendula was at 0.03 M of HCl concentration and 15 minutes of extraction time, respectively at 6.07% and 85.46 ppm. From IC50 values, it is known that fucoidan has strong antioxidant activity and potential to be a radical scavenger agent.
Technical Note: Inlay-Onlay Sandwich Graft Technique for Repairing Durotomy in Spine Surgery for Fragile Dura

Incidental durotomy and cerebrospinal fluid leak in spine surgery is a common, well described complication encountered in spine surgery that can have good outcomes with prompt recognition and appropriate repair or management. Additional levels of technical challenge arise when the dura is very thin and fails to hold suture lines in primary repair. We present three lumbar-spine cases with dural opening, intended or unintended, in the setting of thin native dura providing poor suture substrate. In each case, inlay-onlay sandwich graft technique was used to achieve a successful lasting dural closure. Two of these cases initially involved delayed failure of primary suture repair or standard basic dural draft. Re-exploration in these two cases revealed widened suture defects due to fragile native dura, resulting in delayed post-operative CSF leak. We also report a case of inlay-onlay sandwich patch graft for initial dural closure in adult tethered cord release in the setting of thin native dura, in which simple primary closure was not feasible. We illustrate this inlayonlay graft operative technique, which can potentially be used for repairing dural openings involving thin native dura without intrinsic tissue strength to support primary suture repair. We envision that this technique can also be further extrapolated or adapted to other regions of dural repair as needed.
Mitochondrial genome of the Harpiocephalus harpia (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from China

Abstract In this study, a complete mitochondrial genome of a female Harpiocephalus harpia from Zhejiang Province, China, was sequenced using Illumina Hiseq. The genome is ∼16,400 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region. Most of the genes were encoded on the H-strand, except for 8 tRNA and ND6 genes. Phylogenetic tree using maximum likelihood suggests H. harpia is sister taxon to Murina. The complete mitochondrial genome herein provides basic information for future taxonomic and phylogenetic studies.
Spherical Criteria for Fast and Accurate 360° Object Detection

With the advance of omnidirectional panoramic technology, 360◦ imagery has become increasingly popular in the past few years. To better understand the 360◦ content, many works resort to the 360◦ object detection and various criteria have been proposed to bound the objects and compute the intersection-over-union (IoU) between bounding boxes based on the common equirectangular projection (ERP) or perspective projection (PSP). However, the existing 360◦ criteria are either inaccurate or inefficient for real-world scenarios. In this paper, we introduce a novel spherical criteria for fast and accurate 360◦ object detection, including both spherical bounding boxes and spherical IoU (SphIoU). Based on the spherical criteria, we propose a novel two-stage 360◦ detector, i.e., Reprojection R-CNN, by combining the advantages of both ERP and PSP, yielding efficient and accurate 360◦ object detection. To validate the design of spherical criteria and Reprojection R-CNN, we construct two unbiased synthetic datasets for training and evaluation. Experimental results reveal that compared with the existing criteria, the two-stage detector with spherical criteria achieves the best mAP results under the same inference speed, demonstrating that the spherical criteria can be more suitable for 360◦ object detection. Moreover, Reprojection R-CNN outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods by over 30% on mAP with competitive speed, which confirms the efficiency and accuracy of the design.
Increased Stability of Oligopeptidases Immobilized on Gold Nanoparticles

The metallopeptidases thimet oligopeptidase (THOP, EC 3.4.24.25) and neurolysin (NEL, EC 3.4.24.26) are enzymes that belong to the zinc endopeptidase M13 family. Numerous studies suggest that these peptidases participate in the processing of bioactive peptides such as angiotensins and bradykinin. Efforts have been conducted to develop biotechnological tools to make possible the use of both proteases to regulate blood pressure in mice, mainly limited by the low plasmatic stability of the enzymes. In the present study, it was investigated the use of nanotechnology as an efficient strategy for to circumvent the low stability of the proteases. Recombinant THOP and NEL were immobilized in gold nanoparticles (GNPs) synthesized in situ using HEPES and the enzymes as reducing and stabilizing agents. The formation of rTHOP-GNP and rNEL-GNP was characterized by the surface plasmon resonance band, zeta potential and atomic force microscopy. The gain of structural stability and activity of rTHOP and rNEL immobilized on GNPs was demonstrated by assays using fluorogenic substrates. The enzymes were also efficiently immobilized on GNPs fabricated with sodium borohydride. The efficient immobilization of the oligopeptidases in gold nanoparticles with gain of stability may facilitate the use of the enzymes in therapies related to pressure regulation and stroke, and as a tool for studying the physiological and pathological roles of both proteases.
Performance of Relay Signal Transmission by AF Technique Influenced by k-μ Fading

This paper considers the transmission of signals under the influence of k-μ fading with powers ϒ 1 and ϒ 2 , which model a random process of changing the amplitude of a useful signal through a single relay system using the amplify and transmit technique (Amplify-and-Forward, AF). First contribution of the paper is deriving infinite-series expressions for the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of co-channel interference (CCI) influenced signal. Next contribution is observing important wireless performance criteria, namely outage probability (OP). Obtained expression important wireless performance criteria, namely, outage probability, have been obtained, as functions of transmission parameters. The results have been validated through simulations which shows perfect match.
Theoretical investigation of integratable photonic crystal nanobeam all-optical switching with ultrafast response and ultralow switching energy

High-performance all-optical switching is of paramount importance to realize integrated photonic circuit. Due to the ultra-sharp resonance mode, it is demonstrated that Fano resonance is far superior to Lorentz resonance for the implementation of all-optical switching. However, it is still a difficulty to realize an integratable all-optical switching with faster response and lower switching energy simultaneously. In this work, we propose double Fano resonances based all-optical switching composed of a silicon-polymer compound photonic crystal nanobeam (PCN) side-coupled with a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC). The pump and probe wavelengths locate at the position of two Fano resonant modes. Introducing the excellent Kerr nonlinearity of polymer materials, all-optical switching dynamics are investigated explicitly by numerical pump-probe technique based on the finite-difference time-domain method. Associated with the sharp transmission profile of Fano resonance modes and excellent nonlinear optical property of polymer, sub-picosecond switching time and sub-picojoule switching energy can be realized simultaneously with in-plane pumping scheme. Such PCN-PCNC structures are compact and can be fabricated based on the silicon-on-insulator material, which are compatible with the complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. Our results eliminate the obstacles for the realization of high-performance optical switching, and unlock the potential for the construction of integrated photonic circuits.
Active Flow Control of a Pump-Induced Wall-Normal Vortex With Steady Blowing

The emergence of a submerged vortex upstream of a pump can reduce pump intake efficiency and cause structural damage. In this study, we consider the use of active flow control with steady blowing to increase the pressure distribution within a single-phase pump-induced wall-normal vortex model, which is based on the Burgers vortex with a no-slip boundary condition prescribed along its symmetry plane. The goal of our control is to modify the vortex core velocity profile. These changes are sought to increase the core pressure such that detrimental effects on the pump are alleviated. Three-dimensional direct numerical simulations are performed to examine the dynamics of the vortex with the application of axial momentum injection at and around the root of the vortex. We find that the active flow control approach can effectively modify the wall-normal vortical structure and significantly increase the low-core pressure by up to 81% compared to that of the uncontrolled case. The result shows that the control setup is also effective when it is introduced in an off-centered manner. Compared to the unsteady blowing and suction-based actuation from our previous work (Liu, Q., An, B., Nohmi, M., Obuchi, M., and Taira, K., 2018, “Core-Pressure Alleviation for a Wall-Normal Vortex by Active Flow Control,” J. Fluid Mech., 853, p. R1.), the current steady control technique offers an effective and simple flow control setup that can support robust operations of pumps.
FAURAS: A Proxy-based Framework for Ensuring the Fairness of Adaptive Video Streaming over HTTP/2 Server Push

HTTP/2 video streaming has gotten a lot of attention in the development of multimedia technologies over the last few years. In HTTP/2, the server push mechanism allows the server to deliver more video segments to the client within a single request in order to deal with the requests explosion problem. As a result, recent research efforts have been focusing on utilizing such a feature to enhance the streaming experience while reducing the request-related overhead. However, current works only optimize the performance of a single client, without necessary concerns of possible influences on other clients in the same network. When multiple streaming clients compete for a shared bandwidth in HTTP/1.1, they are likely to suffer from unfairness, which is defined as the inequality in their bitrate selections. For HTTP/1.1, existing works have proven that the network-assisted solutions are effective in solving the unfairness problem. However, the feasibility of utilizing such an approach for the HTTP/2 server push has not been investigated. Therefore, in this paper, a novel proxy-based framework is proposed to overcome the unfairness problem in adaptive streaming over HTTP/2 with the server push. Experimental results confirm the outperformance of the proposed framework in ensuring the fairness, assisting the clients with avoiding rebuffering events and lowering bitrate degradation amplitude, while maintaining the mechanism of the server push feature.
Group Sparsity: The Hinge Between Filter Pruning and Decomposition for Network Compression

In this paper, we analyze two popular network compression techniques, i.e. filter pruning and low-rank decomposition, in a unified sense. By simply changing the way the sparsity regularization is enforced, filter pruning and low-rank decomposition can be derived accordingly. This provides another flexible choice for network compression because the techniques complement each other. For example, in popular network architectures with shortcut connections (e.g. ResNet), filter pruning cannot deal with the last convolutional layer in a ResBlock while the low-rank decomposition methods can. In addition, we propose to compress the whole network jointly instead of in a layer-wise manner. Our approach proves its potential as it compares favorably to the state-of-the-art on several benchmarks. Code is available at https://github.com/ofsoundof/group_sparsity.
Automated Runtime Analysis and Adaptation for Scalable Heterogeneous Computing

ion Layer Portable Prog Sys Interoperability Layer Adaptivity Layer Workload Distribution Performance Predictions Database Architecture Selection Code Optimizations Performance Tuning Figure 3.1: Overview of AutoMatch framework. First, AutoMatch generates the architectural specifications via micro-benchmarking to instantiate an abstract hardware model for each architecture in the target heterogeneous system. Second, it leverages compiler-based static and dynamic analysis techniques to quantify the maximum parallelism, the maximum data locality, and the minimum synchronization of the sequential code for estimating the upper bounds of the parallel performance on the different architectures. Third, AutoMatch generates high-level analytical models which combine the abstract hardware model, application characteristics, and architectural specifications to predict the potential parallel performance on different types of hardware devices. This performance prediction is then used to estimate the relative execution cost across a set of different architectures, including multi-core CPUs and many-core GPUs, thereby driving a workload distribution scheme, which enables end users to efficiently exploit the available heterogeneous devices in an HPC system.
Unsupervised text line segmentation

We present an unsupervised text line segmentation method that is inspired by the relative variance between text lines and spaces among text lines. Handwritten text line segmentation is important for the efficiency of further processing. A common method is to train a deep learning network for embedding the document image into an image of blob lines that are tracing the text lines. Previous methods learned such embedding in a supervised manner, requiring the annotation of many document images. This paper presents an unsupervised embedding of document image patches without a need for annotations. The main idea is that the number of foreground pixels over the text lines is relatively different from the number of foreground pixels over the spaces among text lines. Generating similar and different pairs relying on this principle definitely leads to outliers. However, as the results show, the outliers do not harm the convergence and the network learns to discriminate the text lines from the spaces between text lines. We experimented with a challenging Arabic handwritten text line segmentation dataset, VML-AHTE, and achieved a superior performance even over the supervised methods.
Abstraction, Up-to Techniques and Games for Systems of Fixpoint Equations

Systems of fixpoint equations over complete lattices, consisting of (mixed) least and greatest fixpoint equations, allow one to express a number of verification tasks such as model-checking of various kinds of specification logics or the check of coinductive behavioural equivalences. In this paper we develop a theory of approximation for systems of fixpoint equations in the style of abstract interpretation: a system over some concrete domain is abstracted to a system in a suitable abstract domain, with conditions ensuring that the abstract solution represents a sound/complete overapproximation of the concrete solution. Interestingly, up-to techniques, a classical approach used in coinductive settings to obtain easier or feasible proofs, can be interpreted as abstractions in a way that they naturally fit in our framework and extend to systems of equations. Additionally, relying on the approximation theory, we can provide a characterisation of the solution of systems of fixpoint equations over complete lattices in terms of a suitable parity game, generalising some recent work that was restricted to continuous lattices. The game view opens the way to the development of on-the-fly algorithms for characterising the solution of such equation systems.