Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histological Study of the Possible Protective Effect of Lycopene on Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis in Adult Male Albino Rat

Background: Osteoporosis is one of the most commonly occurring bone diseases characterized by decrease in bone mass and increase bone resorption leading to fractures, severe pain and deformities. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis results from long-term and high dose use. Lycopene is an unsaturated carotenoid that gives tomatoes and other fruits their red color. It was reported that it is a natural antioxidant and was associated with the prevention of many chronic diseases and cancers. Aim of Study: This work was performed to study the possible protective effect of lycopene against glucocorticoidinduced osteoporosis in adult male albino rat. Material and Methods: 40 adult male albino rats were used that divided equally into four main groups: Group I (control group) was subdivided equally into two subgroups (I-A & I-B), Group II received lycopene orally 30mg/kg once daily for 8 weeks, Group III received prednisolone orally 20mg/kg once daily for 8 weeks, Group IV concomitantly received lycopene and prednisolone orally once daily at the same previous doses for 8 weeks. At the end of experiment, femur heads of all animals were obtained and processed for histological study and stained with Hematoxylin & eosin, Mallory Trichrome and for scanning electron microscope study. Results: Light microscopic examination revealed structural changes in femur head of Group III in the form of discontinuous thin trabeculae of cancellous bone with apparent faintly stained matrix with multiple pores inside trabeculae associated with minor fractures, wide bone marrow spaces were seen between trabeculae containing abundant clear areas, the endosteal surface showed irregular eroded surface. Regarding Mallory stained sections; they showed decrease collagen fibers contents with their irregular distribution in bone matrix. Scanning electron microscopic specimens showed discontinuous thin and blind ended cancellous bone trabeculae containing some areas of decreased electron density with multiple pores and minor fractures inside them. Wide bone marrow spaces were seen between trabeculae lined with irregular eroded endosteal surface; which revealed the evident of prednisolone induced osteoporosis. Group IV specimens revealed partial preservation Correspondence to: Dr. George S. Mityas, The Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt of the normal structure of cancellous bone of femur head to some extent. Conclusion: Osteoporosis resulted from glucocorticoids in adult male albino rats can be partially minimized by lycopene co-administration.
Novel therapeutic approaches to modulate inflammation

textabstractInflammation can be caused by various insults such as microbial infection and tissue injury, and is a protective response of the body to ensure removal of detrimental stimuli and to stimulate the repair of damaged tissues [1]. Inflammation is, however, also a major pathophysiological factor in several illnesses such as sepsis, renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and cancer. It is generally thought that a controlled inflammatory response is beneficial (for example, in providing protection against infection), but that it becomes detrimental if dysregulated (for example, in septic shock). Therefore, restoring proper control of inflammatory reactions may be of benefit in pathological inflammatory conditions. Although many experimental anti-inflammatory approaches have been developed and tested, most of these have not led to successful clinical application. Therefore, there is still an urgent need for novel approaches to better control inflammation in severe clinical conditions. This thesis describes the immunomodulatory effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-related oligopeptides, dexamethasone, and dietary restriction in animal models of sepsis, renal I/R injury, and cancer metastases, in which inflammation is a central pathophysiological component.
Trueness and Precision of Two Intraoral Scanners: A Comparative In Vitro Study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of two intraoral scanners used in the dental office. A molar fixed in a typodont was prepared for a ceramic onlay. The preparation was scanned using a high-resolution scanner (reference scanner) and saved as stereolithography (STL) format. The prepared resin molar was scanned again using the intraoral scanners, and all the scans were saved as well in STL format. All STL files were compared using metrology software (Geomagic Control X). Overlapping the meshes allowed the assessment of the scans in terms of trueness and precision. Based on the results of this study, the differences of trueness and precision between the intraoral scanners were minimal.
Application of Isotope Analysis for Food Authenticity and Traceability: Progress and Challenges

With the development of the global food market, food authenticity has become the major concern for consumers. Building an effective food traceability system provides an approach for protecting regional brand, ensuring fair trade competition, and improving consumer confidence. There are several analytical techniques used for determining food authenticity include fluorescence spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and isotope ratio mass spectrometry(IRMS). One of the most widely acceptable methods to provide information on the traceability of food is stable isotope ratio analysis, which generally includes various aspects of food productions. This paper reviews the principles of isotope analysis, outlines the requirements and the specific features of the technique in the area of food authentication and traceability, and surveys the applications of isotope analysis in different type of food production, and describes the progress of the development in techniques. It shows that stable isotope analysis has become a powerful tool for food authentication and traceability due to its advantages of high precision and efficiency. The recent progress of isotope analysis use in food authenticity and traceability is concentrated on three aspects: the food adulteration (e.g. juice, honey), the geographic origin traceability of food (e.g. olive oil, dairy productions), authenticity of organic food (e.g. beef, potatoes). The classical approaches investigating hydrogen, carbon and oxygen isotopes as well as strategies including other elements, such as nitrogen and sulfur, are reviewed. In addition, the limitations and future research directions of isotope analysis in food authenticity and traceability are proposed.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF AEROTHERMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOW OVER SPACE VEHICLE MODEL

In this work numerical simulation of flow over Martian space probe at wind tunnel conditions, corresponding to Mach numbers M = 7.5, 10. 5 and 14 for various angles of attack is carried out on basis of Navier-Stokes equations, which are solved using in-house software package HSFlow with possibility of distributed computing on multiprocessor computer. Peculiarities in behavior of aerodynamic and thermal characteristics of flow are discussed.
PbI2 Single Crystal Growth and Its Optical Property Study

In this work, we used the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method to grow PbI2 crystals using iodine as a self-transporting agent. The crystals’ structure, composition, and uniformity were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) measurements. We investigated the band gap energy using absorption spectroscopy measurements. Furthermore, we explored the temperature dependence of the band gap energy, which shifts from 2.346 eV at 300 K to 2.487 eV at 20 K, and extracted the temperature coefficients. A prototype photodetector with a lateral metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) configuration was fabricated to evaluate its photoelectric properties using a photoconductivity spectrum (PC) and persistent photoconductivity (PPC) experiments. The resonance-like PC peak indicates the excitonic transition in absorption. The photoresponse ILight/IDark-1 is up to 200%.
Using Graphs for Word Embedding with Enhanced Semantic Relations

Word embedding algorithms have become a common tool in the field of natural language processing. While some, like Word2Vec, are based on sequential text input, others are utilizing a graph representation of text. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm, named WordGraph2Vec, or in short WG2V, which combines the two approaches to gain the benefits of both. The algorithm uses a directed word graph to provide additional information for sequential text input algorithms. Our experiments on benchmark datasets show that text classification algorithms are nearly as accurate with WG2V as with other word embedding models while preserving more stable accuracy rankings.
CHAPTER 10 l BORATORY AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS

Iii >a linity refers to the presence of major dissolved inorganic solutes [h~ ~(l i l solution (Le., aqueous liquid phase of the soil and its solutes), 1 n consist of soluble and readily dissolvable salts, including charged lL-; (e.g., a+, K+, Mg+2, Ca+2, C) ,HCOj', NOi , 50;;-2 and C03'2), 1,1m lute, clOd ions that combine to form ion pail's. The primary • ' 01 alts in Roil and water is the geochemical weathering of rocks " the earth's upper tra ta, with atmospheric depcsition and anthro­ ',nk ,lCtivities s rv ing as secondary sources. The predominant mecha­ m~au sing the accumulation of salt in the roo tzone of agricultural soils In lIf water through evapotranspiration (ET; the combined processes ~\dP(lru tion from the soil urface and plant transpiration), which selec­ . ) removes wa ter, leaving salts behind. 'n ,'cu mulati n of soil alinity can result in reduced plant growth, Ull'U yie lds, and in severe cases, crop faii:. Jre. Salinity limits water •• \Io-t' by plants by reducing th osmotic potential, making it more diffi ­ lllClr the pLant t extract wa ter. Salinity may also cause specific-ion tox­ le.g. , \Ja ion toxicity) or upset the nutritional balance of plants. In lilllnn, the salt composition of the soil water influences the omposition linrL on the exchan ge complex of soil particles, which influences soil ITIll abil it, and til th. Irrig.lted agricul ture, w hich accounts for 35% to 40% of the world 's • I IO{ld and fiber, is adversely affected by soil salinity on roughly half . 11 irriga ted soils (t taling about 250 million ha), with more than 20 milh,\ severely affected by salinity worldwide (Rhoades and Loveday 11. Be ause of the potential detrimental impacts of soil salinity accu­ ul.1ti(Jn, it is a crucial soil chemical property that is routinely me,. sured
Application of correlation analysis in cytology: Opportunities to study specific activity of follicular thyrocytes

The task of biomedical diagnostics is to determine the dependence of the conclusion/diagnosis on the sets of parameters that characterize the state of the biosystem/patient. The performed analytical review of modern scientific literature permitted us to determine that Bayesian, regression and correlation analyzes and logical programming are most often used for biomedical diagnostics purposes. At the same time, their informativeness can only be realized for the solution of those diagnostic tasks in which quantitative parameters are analyzed. Qualitative and binary information provides an opportunity to find out more about features of the biosystem’s state. However, its use is limited, since the results obtained are presented in words (that is, in a linguistic form) that cannot be processed by means of traditional (digital) mathematical analysis. The objective of this work was determining the capabilities of the mathematical apparatus to deepen the study of hormonopoiesis in the thyroid gland. The object of the study was electron micrographs of ultrathin tissue sections, its subject was the features of correlations between ultrastructural cell elements which carry out the processes of synthesis and secretion in follicular thyrocytes. In the context of studying the features of synthetic and secretory activity of follicular thyrocytes of the thyroid glands in white male rats, it was shown that the objectification of non-numerical information about the state of cells allows us to use linguistic information about changes in their morphofunctional state. Implementation of correlation analysis for studying the relationships and interdependencies between organelles which implement synthesis and secretion of the hormonal product in the main structural unit of the thyroid gland – follicular thyrocyte – allows us to determine, study, analyze and generalize peculiarities of both changes in individual ultrastructures and their functional complexes (clusters) in response to the actions of various factors and to trace the interdependencies and mutual interactions existing between them, as well as to deepen the idea of the intimate mechanism features of the specific directions of follicular thyrocyte activity, which substantially expands the research platform in cytophysiology and cytomorphology.
Organizational Change Management in the Telecommunications Industry: Human Resource Department’s Role as a Recruiter and Trainer

As organizations strive to remain economically viable, various changes are effected. In most instances, these changes are implemented with little or no participation of the human resource department. As a result, most organizations have had dismal success with managing organizational change. Using Telkom Kenya as a case study, this paper evaluates the role of the human resource department as a focal stakeholder in organizational change management. Specifically, the paper discusses the role of staff recruitment and training as undertaken by the HRD towards organizational change management. The discussions in the paper are anchored on the findings of a study that sought to understand the contributions of the HRD at Telkom Kenya. The study targeted the entire management and staff of Human Resource Department of Telkom Kenya in North Rift Valley Region which is 66 in total. Data was collected using questionnaire and interview schedule. Descriptive and inferential statistics methods were used for data analysis and interpretation. The author observes that the HRD contributes to change management through fast implementation of change, less errors in change implementation and less fraud in change implementation. This paper recommends that the HRD should be actively involved in recruitment and training of employees. As such, the department ought to be well facilitated to enable it oversee this vital role. This paper is a valuable contribution to the study of organizational change management.
Subwavelength optical dipole trap for neutral atoms using a microcapillary tube tip

We propose a scheme for a state-insensitive optical dipole trap for single cesium atoms using a silica microcapillary tube tip. The end of microcapillary tube tip is flat. Simulations show that the trapping light beam output from microcapillary tube tip interferes and can form a subwavelength-trap with a full width at half-maximum of 0.67 μm. The trap is small enough to trap single atoms. The trap depth is more than 1 mK when the optical power of the trapping light guided by the microcapillary tube tip is only a few milliwatts. The effects of two imperfections, roughness of end surface and cutting angle, are estimated. The trapping depth for single atom trapping can be more than 1 mK when the average rms amplitude and average correlation length of tip surface roughness is smaller than 0.15 μm and the cutting angle is smaller than 16 degrees. Tip sizes on the order of microns are small enough to be combined within micro/nano structures for hybrid systems.
UNLOC: Optimal unfolding localization from noisy distance data

Target localization is an important problem in signal processing and sensor networks, with many application areas including security (E911, first responders), consumer electronics (location awareness in malls and hospitals), and health monitoring (location-aware patient care). In this paper, we formulate target localization as an inverse problem: given the locations of a set of anchors and noisy distance measures to a target, the localization problem is to estimate the (unknown) location of the target. We propose to solve the localization problem using an unfolding-based optimization. We show that the corresponding stress optimization, despite being a nonlinear problem (quadratic objective function with quadratic constraints), yields a global optimum that can be approximated using an efficient iterative algorithm. We term our computational approach as UNLOC (unfolding-based localization) and benchmark its effectiveness on both synthetic data and labgenerated experimental data. The proposed localization technique generally produces accurate target location, and the quality of localization can be further improved by an appropriate choice of weights in the objective function of optimization.
Segmentation of Photovoltaic Panels in Aerial Photography Using Group Equivariant FCNs

Previous research has shown the benefits of group equivariant convolutions for image recognition tasks. With this work we apply group equivariance to the segmentation of photovoltaic (PV) panel installations in aerial photography to determine whether the benefits translate to aerial photography segmentation. We create a custom annotation of PV panel installations in two Dutch cities using open access aerial photography. We show that group equivariant versions of traditional and residual convolutional neural networks indeed perform at least as well as the traditional versions and provide better generalization.
Answer to “Interactive comment on “Nocturnal boundary layer turbulence regimes analysis during the BLLAST campaign” by Yus-Díez et al.” by anonymous #referee 1

A night-time turbulence regime classification, the so-called HOckey-Stick Transition (HOST) theory, proposed by Sun et al. (J Atmos Sci 69(1):338-351, 2012) from the Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study 1999 (CASES-99) is explored using data from the Boundary-Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence (BLLAST) field campaign which took place during the summer 2011 in the north of the central French Pyrenean foothills. Results show that the HOST turbulence relationships for the BLLAST field campaign data is ::: are strongly dependent on both 5 the meteorological and orographic features. The HOST pattern only appears for nights when a stably stratified boundary layer can be developed, corresponding to fair weather and clear sky nights, when the flow is generated by the nearby orography, from the south and southeast ::::::::: south-east directions. Those flows strongly influenced by the orography may generate intermittent or enhanced turbulence. When considering the whole :::::::: nocturnal dataset for these flow directions, several enhanced turbulence points are found to be associated with sudden wind speed and directional shear transitions. In contrast, flows from other 10 directions do not reproduce the HOST relationship ::::::::::: relationships and the turbulence relationship is almost linear, independent of the vertical temperature gradients, corresponding to flows driven by mesoscale or synoptic scales. In addition we identify examples of gravity waves and top-down turbulent events that lead to transitions between the turbulence regimes. Copyright statement. TEXT
Evolution of Oceanic Near-Surface Stratification in Response to an Autumn Storm

Understanding the processes that control the evolution of the ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) is a prerequisite for obtaining accurate simulations of air–sea fluxes of heat and trace gases. Observations of the rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy (ε), temperature, salinity, current structure, and wave field over a period of 9.5 days in the northeast Atlantic during the Ocean Surface Mixing, Ocean Submesoscale Interaction Study (OSMOSIS) are presented. The focus of this study is a storm that passed over the observational area during this period. The profiles of ε in the OSBL are consistent with profiles from large-eddy simulation (LES) of Langmuir turbulence. In the transition layer (TL), at the base of the OSBL, ε was found to vary periodically at the local inertial frequency. A simple bulk model of the OSBL and a parameterization of shear driven turbulence in the TL are developed. The parameterization of ε is based on assumptions about the momentum balance of the OSBL and shear across the TL. The predicted rate of deepening, heat budget, and the inertial currents in the OSBL were in good agreement with the observations, as is the agreement between the observed value of ε and that predicted using the parameterization. A previous study reported spikes of elevated dissipation related to enhanced wind shear alignment at the base of the OSBL after this storm. The spikes in dissipation are not predicted by this new parameterization, implying that they are not an important source of dissipation during the storm.
Influence of Selected Environmental Management Systems on the Properties and Functional Parameters of Explosive Materials

The article presents the influence of using REACH and LCA systems on the properties and functional parameters of a group of hazardous substances – explosive materials. The most commonly used explosives include dynamite and emulsion explosive materials. Dynamites are generally viewed as dangerous due to the content of nitroglycerin and nitroglycol, whereas emulsion explosive materials are considered safe in environmental terms. However, they have worse functional parameters related to the energy efficiency of the detonation process compared to dynamites. Undoubtedly, the application of REACH regulation will lead to reducing the use of environmentally hazardous substances. On the basis of this principle, an alternative composition of an explosive material consisting of a mixture of emulsion matrix and penthrite with the energy efficiency parameters comparable to those of dynamites was developed. The analysis of research results allows concluding that the criteria for substance qualification specified in REACH regulation are insufficient to thoroughly evaluate the safety of its use, and should be supplemented with LCA analysis elements.