Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AFGHANISTAN EFL TEACHER PREPARATION INSTITUTIONS AND EFL TEACHING EFFICACY IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS

In Afghanistan university context, English Departments focusing on preparing or educating EFL teachers’ candidates are of two types; the Education Colleges’ English Departments (ECED) and the Literature Colleges’ English Departments (LCED). The purpose of this research is to investigate the extent to which the two EFL teacher preparation institutes in Afghanistan universities educate efficacious EFL teachers so as to teach English at public schools. It also aims at comparing the teaching efficacy level of male and female EFL teachers as the graduates of the two different English Departments (ECED and LCED) with different curricula in order to find out how these Departments educate public school EFL teachers. The study applied a survey questionnaire to obtain the data from 105 graduates of two English Departments as novice EFL teachers recruited by 45 public schools in a province in Afghanistan. The findings showed that both Departments educate highly efficacious EFL teachers. However, the level of efficacy between the two Departments is significantly different. The study also has some implications to schools of EFL teachers to comprehend their level of professional efficacy and certain implications to English Departments, Universities, and Afghanistan Ministry of Higher Education to understand how different English Departments’ graduates meet the public schools’ EFL requirements.
Using Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in Teaching How to Cook in English

The purposes of this article are to present the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), and to share the idea concerning English teaching methodology with the teachers of English and those who teach contents in courses using English language as the medium of instruction in order to benefit the instructors. Furthermore, this article presents the four elements (4Cs) of CLIL, namely, the context, communication, cognition, and culture which are concerned with themes of the course including advantages and disadvantages of CLIL. In addition, this article points out how CLIL is applied for teaching English with the content of cooking: making egg with grilled shrimps salad. In this application, the writer made the models of food by himself such as eggs, vegetables, shrimps and toaster, from paper and plastic for encouraging students to learn English. This above-mentioned methodology can be beneficial for English teachers to apply in their language class. บทความนมวตถประสงคเพอนำเสนอเรองบรบทและภาษาทใชในการเรยนหรอทเรยกวา CLIL และเพอแสดงความคดในเรองของวธการสอนภาษาองกฤษสำหรบอาจารยดานภาษาองกฤษ และผทสอนเนอหาในรายวชาโดยใชภาษาองกฤษเปนสอในการเรยนการสอน เพอเปนประโยชนตออาจารยผสอน นอกจากนนบทความนยงเปนการนำเสนอเกยวกบรปแบบทงสดานของ CLIL คอ บรบท การสอสารความคดและวฒนธรรม ซงเกยวเนองถงตววชาในการเรยนการสอนรวมถงขอดขอเสยของ CLIL อกประการหนง บทความนเปนการนำเสนอวธการประยกตการเรยนโดยใชบรบทเพอการเรยนภาษาเขากบบรบทของการทำอาหารโดยใชภาษาองกฤษ; การทำไขกบกงยางสลดโดยการประยกตนผเขยนไดทำ แบบตวอยางของไข ผก กงและเตาปงจากกระดาษและพลาสตก เพอเปนการกระตนนกเรยนในการเรยนภาษาองกฤษโดยวธการสอนดงกลาวสามารถเปนประโยชนตออาจารยสอนภาษาองกฤษทจะประยกตใน หองเรยนภาษาได
Emergence and Evolution of the Urban Public Open Spaces of Ankara within the Urban Development History: 1923 to Present

Public open space (POS) in Ankara reflects both the negative and positive aspects of urban change. Evolving public space development strategies in Ankara played a fundamental role in the protection, promotion, and enhancement of POS from 1923 to 2017. This study shows that while the POS development of the city was addressed as an integrative and comprehensive structure in the entire city by the Lörcher (1924–1925) and Jansen (1932) plans, the subsequent approaches to POS were more superficial, piecemeal, and simplistic.
Repetitive Lifting Tasks in Logistics – Effects on Humans at Different Lifting Task Durations

A volunteer study at the Chair of Ergonomics (TUM) investigates which cardiovascular effects on the human body are to be expected from repetitive lifting movements at different load times, and which requirements arise accordingly with respect to different lifting task durations by using the cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) method. Two different weight classes and three different load times are combined with a conventional lifting task. In addition to the acquisition of objective data, such as oxygen consumption (V’O2/kg) or heart rate (HR), the subjective stress using the Borg RPE scale is determined and analyzed. 27 test persons (M=27.6 years, SD=±3.1) participated in the study. At 70.4% less than three quarter of the participants in the test were men. Both the objective and subjective data show significant differences between the mentioned weight classes. A load time of more than 10 minutes for analyzing manual handling tasks by using CPET is recommended.
An efficient algorithm for matching of SLAM video sequences

In this work, we propose a new algorithm for matching of coming video sequences to a simultaneous localization and mapping system based on a RGB-D camera. Basically, this system serves for estimation in real-time the trajectory of camera motion and generates a 3D map of indoor environment. The proposed algorithm is based on composite correlation filters with adjustable training sets depending on appearance of indoor environment as well as relative position and perspective from the camera to environment components. The algorithm is scale-invariant because it utilizes the depth information from RGB-D camera. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of accuracy, robustness, and processing time and compared with that of common feature-based matching algorithms based on the SURF descriptor.
BRANDING STRATEGIES ON ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABILITY AMONG PERSONAL CARE AND COSMETIC CUSTOMERS

Sustainability exists from the day it was originated by the Brundtland commission in the year of 1987. The term sustainability has been vaguely defined and it created different interpretations. In line with today’s current situation, organizations are increasingly perceived sustainability as an opportunity for them to gain competitive advantage. Most of the organizations only measure the business sustainability from the economic point of view without considering other factor which could lead to sustainability such as environment sustainability. Sustainability aims at merging the benefits of the environment activity with the principle of sustainable development. In the current era, most of the powerful brands are aspired to achieve the same sustainable goal, hence the business leaders and marketers are now facing a problem to maintain its environment sustainability. Most of the studies investigating environment goal from the perspective of business operation. Apart from measuring the business by looking at the tangible asset, it is important to measure it from the perspective of customers. Based on the multiple regression analysis, the result of this study showed that only brand dominant strategy and Halal strategy were proven to have significant relationship on economic sustainability. The implications of this research are, the organization needs to consider corporate dominant strategy and mixed branding strategy to ensure long-term business operation and this research also provides additional insight on environment sustainability model by investigating the branding strategies namely corporate dominant, brand dominant, mixed branding and Halal branding.
Production mask composition checking flow

The mask composition checking flow is an evolution of the traditional mask rule check (MRC). In order to differentiate the flow from MRC, we call it Mask Data Correctness Check (MDCC). The mask house does MRC only to identify process limitations including writing, etching, metrology, etc. There still exist many potential errors that could occur when the frame, main circuit and dummies all together form a whole reticle. The MDCC flow combines the design rule check (DRC) and MRC concepts to adapt to the complex patterns in today’s wafer production technologies. Although photomask data has unique characteristics, the MRC tool in Calibre® MDP can easily achieve mask composition by using the Extended MEBES job deck (EJB) format. In EJB format, we can customize the combination of any input layers in an IC design layout format, such as OASIS. Calibre MDP provides section-based processing for many standard verification rule format (SVRF) commands that support DRC-like checks on mask data. Integrating DRC-like checking with EJB for layer composition, we actually perform reticle-level DRC, which is the essence of MDCC. The flow also provides an early review environment before the photomask pattern files are available. Furthermore, to incorporate the MDCC in our production flow, runtime is one of the most important indexes we consider. When the MDCC is included in the tape-out flow, the runtime impact is very limited. Calibre, with its multi-threaded processes and good scalability, is the key to achieving acceptable runtime. In this paper, we present real case runtime data for 28nm and 14nm technology nodes, and prove the practicability of placing MDCC into mass production.
Investigation into the Participation Activity Rate of Foreign Languages Teachers in Specially Focused Network Pedagogical Communities

The authors present the results of research carried out in the 2017/2018 academic year among foreign languages teachers at eight higher education institutions. The aim of the study was to find out the connection between the participation activity rate of foreign languages teachers in specially focused network pedagogical communities and the level of professional self-realization through their self-efficacy. We used methods of mathematical statistics, computer data processing and discursive reflextion for drawing logical conclusions from experimental data. 267 foreign languages teachers from Ukrainian universities participated in the first stage of research. During the second stage, 108 selected foreign languages teachers completed a questionnaire for collecting data and evaluating the level of their self-efficacy. Results indicate a significant difference in the professional self-realization levels among the members and non-members of specially focused network communities and confirm the suggested hypothesis.
A Novel Multi-Scale Intelligent Recursive Recognition Method for Three-Dimensional Moving Targets

In practical imaging condition, the silhouette of a 3D moving target is changing, therefore its recognizability is variable. In this paper several definitions are given, such as dynamic feature space of patterns and dynamic recognizability of patterns. Necessity of multi-scale feature models of 3D target and rationality of using the general constraint for recognizing target image sequence are discussed. Based on these discussions, a multi-scale intelligent recursive recognizer (MUSIRR) is proposed for recognizing 3D moving targets, in which BP neural network and RBF neural network are the basic cells. During training,
Patents, Litigation Strategy and Antitrust in Innovative Industries

In a patent infringement suit, the alleged infringer wins with a ruling of either invalidity or non-infringement, and may strictly prefer either outcome. Invalidity may increase current-period competition, but removes constraints to future innovation. We adapt the Segal and Whinston (Am Econ Rev 97(5):1703–1730, 2007) model, and show that a legal regime that considers infringement before validity maximizes the entrant patentee’s innovation incentives. But the incumbent alleged infringer may prefer litigating validity first if the future blocking effect of validity is strong. This litigation strategy effect may reduce innovation levels. Antitrust policy should seek to attenuate this effect by reducing the advantage to incumbency.
Affine Term Structure of Risk-Neutral Moments Models

This paper provides a novel methodology for estimating option pricing models based on risk-neutral moments. We synthesize the distribution extracted from the term structure of option prices and exploit linear relationships between risk-neutral moments and latent factors within the continuous time affine stochastic volatility framework. We find that fitting option valuation models to risk-neutral moments (variance, skewness, and kurtosis) captures a sizable fraction of the information in option prices. The information loss from option prices to risk-neutral moments is more pronounced in the left tail of the distribution. The procedure also offers guidance on the components of stochastic volatility models that allow a replication of the salient features observed in the term structure of risk-neutral moments. From a practical perspective, employing risk-neutral moments instead of option prices also helps circumvent the challenge inherent in working with a large set of option contracts.
Use of language strategies for hotel website evaluation in China

This thesis is protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. By reading and using the thesis, the reader understands and agrees to the following terms: 1. The reader will abide by the rules and legal ordinances governing copyright regarding the use of the thesis. 2. The reader will use the thesis for the purpose of research or private study only and not for distribution or further reproduction or any other purpose. 3. The reader agrees to indemnify and hold the University harmless from and against any loss, damage, cost, liability or expenses arising from copyright infringement or unauthorized usage.
Centering Theory In Discourse

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Learning Language Naturally: Challenges and Opportunities

Experts believed that the best way in learning language is through natural process, which means that learning should go through process of understanding concept. Grammar and all language features are mastered through practice in certain context. This article tries to find a model of information technology that may be suitable for learning English but without leaving the main functions of textbook as the center for knowledge and information through an approach called the Dynamic Immersion Approach. This approach tries to mimic the process of children in learning language. From the analysis it shows that despite many advantages from the new approach this program cannot produce natural language since it lacks the capability of producing informal language.
Efficient digit serial architecture for sign based least mean square adaptive filter for denoising of artefacts in ECG signals

Variants of Least Mean Square algorithm, namely the Sign Error, Sign Regressor and Sign-Sign Least Mean Square algorithms are meant for reducing computational complexity in digital adaptive filters in denoising electrocardiogram signals. In adaptive filtering using Sign-Sign algorithm, the adders and multipliers in the existing method take the coefficients in canonic signed power of two form which assures that between two non-zero there should be one zero in signed power of two digits and they can process only one bit per clock cycle and so is the filter resulting in low speed. In this paper, digit serial adder and digit serial multiplier are proposed to design the Sign-Sign Least Mean Square filter, which increases the speed by processing two bits per clock cycle. The digit serial adder and digit serial multiplier are used to design the Sign-Sign based adaptive filter in which unfolding technique is used for digit serial realisation. The unfolding factor of K = 2 is chosen to increase the speed of the design. The coefficients and its inputs are represented in Canonic Signed Digit form. Adder, multiplier, adaptive filter of both existing and proposed method are simulated using Mentor Graphics and synthesised using Synopsys Design Compiler Tool with 90 nm technology. From the results it is observed that the speed of the proposed digit serial Sign-Sign Least Mean Square filter is increased by 54.5% and the area of the filter is decreased by 4.21% compared to the bit serial Sign-Sign Least Mean Square filter.
Influencing the Influencers

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Upstream social marketing is the best method of enacting change at the highest levels without resorting to violence or civil disobedience. This briefing provides a succinct overview of the current guidelines for successfully implementing upstream social marketing. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Effects of Touchpad Size on Pointing and Gestural Input Area and Performance

With the introduction of gestural input, many laptops are now being designed with larger touchpads in order to allow for the most accurate use of these features. Vendors have recommended surface input area sizes ranging from 60mm (w) x 45mm (h) to 105mm (w) x 65mm (h) and larger. However, as touchpads have continued to grow, it has been discovered that large touchpads can sometimes increase usability issues from unintended activation. From observing users over time we have noticed that people tend to focus input in the center area of the touchpad, regardless of touchpad dimensions. Therefore it is questionable whether continuing to increase the size of touchpads is necessary. To answer this question we have conducted a study using two touchpads with the same surface materials, one with the dimensions of 140mm (w) x 65mm (h) and one with the dimensions of 95mm (w) x 63mm (h). We found that increased touchpad size did not have a significant effect on the input area that people used for pointing or gestural input. Additionally, we discovered that size did not have a significant effect on performance.
Semi-Autonomous Collaborative Mobile Robot System for Material Handling

I Abstract. Since multi-robots collaboration has outstanding advantages, it is becoming increasingly common to have multiple robots working together for material transport, cooperative assembly, etc. Therefore, autonomous mobile robots need to know their own positions within the environment, and the positions of other robots and moving objects in order to complete their tasks individually or in a cooperative way. However, it is not an easy job to accurately estimate the robot’s own position, because the information that robots receive through their sensors is inherently uncertain, and the control over their actuators is also inaccurate. For these reasons, this paper proposes a vision scheme that determines the locations and orientations of decentralized cobots (collaborative robots) in real time. Moreover, the system avoids possible collisions through artificial potential fields in such a way that the transportation of objects and the concurrent execution of tasks are done efficiently in addition guaranteeing the scalability.
A Low-Rate DoS Detection Method Based on Feature Extraction Using Wavelet Transform

LDoS (low-rate denial-of-service) attacks are stealthier and trickier than the traditional DDoS (distributed DoS) attacks. According to the characteristic of periodicity and short burst in LDoS flows, a detection system DSBWA (detection system based on wavelet analysis) against LDoS attacks has been designed and implemented based on feature extraction using wavelet transform. The proposed system, focusing on the number of arriving packets at the monitoring node, extracts five feature indices of LDoS flows through wavelet multi-scale analysis of network traffic. Then a synthesis diagnosis is made by a trained BP neural network. Once the attack is verified, the information related to attackers can be obtained by locating malicious pulses. Simulation results in NS-2 show that the scheme DSBWA, capable of detecting the variants of LDoS attack, achieves high detection rate with low computation cost, and hence has good practical value.
Measuring Risk and Protective Factors of Problem Behaviors Among Turkish University Students

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a Turkish version of the Survey of Personal and Social Development (SPSD) with a sample of young adults (n = 340) attending university in Izmir in Turkey. The author evaluated the applicability of the Turksih SPSD by examining specifically its internal consistency, and construct validity. Findings suggest that the Turksih SPSD is a valid and reliable instrument and SPSD is appropriate for assessing risk and protective factors related to problem behaviors for young adults.
Software method for extracting photoplethysmography in pulse oximeter

Correct extraction of the photoplethysmography is one of the primary procedures to measure the oxygen saturation in the pulse oximeter. In order to overcome the problems of complex system design, instability and bad repetition which are brought about by analog circuits for completing the photoplethysmography extraction in conventional pulse oximetry systems, the author studied the software method to extract the photoplethysmography which will be the basis for digitizing the design of the pulse oximetry systems.
Reward Sensitivity Relates to Automatic Approach Motivation for Exercise: Preliminary Validity for the Exercise-Approach Avoidance Task

Only about half (49.9%) of US college students met the physical activity recommendations set forth by the US Department of Health and Human Services. Most assessment and intervention methods use explicit behavior (e.g., self-reported physical activity) and neglect the salient role of implicit motives. There is a need for novel implicit methods for increasing physical activity. Previous research has used the Approach Avoidance Task (AAT) to measure implicit approach motivation for various objects, including desserts, alcohol, and spiders. People are quicker to approach to appetitive stimuli (e.g., desserts) and avoid fearful stimuli (e.g., spiders). We explored the validity of an adapted version of the AAT, the Exercise-AAT, by assessing the relationship between responsiveness to rewards/punishments (BIS/BAS) and responses on the Exercise-AAT. Forty-nine undergraduate students from a public, Midwestern university participated in this study. We conducted Pearson correlations to examine the relationship between BIS/BAS and relative approach motivation for exercise images (AppMot). BAS Reward Responsiveness and BAS Drive were not significantly related to AppMot ( p s >.23). However, BAS Fun-Seeking was significantly and positively correlated with AppMot, r (47) = . 28, p = . 026. These results support previous research using the Dessert-AAT (D-AAT), which showed that BAS Fun-Seeking was significantly and positively related to implicit approach motivation for dessert images. The significant, positive relationship between BAS Fun-Seeking and relative approach motivation for exercise images in this study provides preliminary evidence for the validity of the Exercise-AAT. We discuss future treatment implications for individuals whose health would benefit from an increase in exercise.