Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Divine mercy spirituality in response to the pandemic

This paper proposes a kind of spirituality that deals with devotion to Jesus, the Divine Mercy. This spirituality hopes to help people cope during the time of the pandemic. The mixed method in the form of survey and review of related literature were used. Devotion can mean growing in personal holiness and witnessing to others. It can be an attitude of caring about God and of His creations especially those afflicted by the illness. This disease is affecting the local and global communities at large. With the outbreak of the disease, there is a calling for all to respond by trusting in the Divine Mercy and healing of Jesus Christ. There are suggestions to strengthen the body, soul, and spirit of the person. Hence, this research paper hopes to give some positive long term solutions to the growing pandemic cases locally and globally. The data on Covid19 cases showed an increasing number of the afflicted as well as the deaths. Due to these findings, it is highly recommended to deepen the devotion and promote the Divine Mercy and Healing of Jesus especially in the homes, hospitals, offices, online classes and social media during challenging times like the pandemic.
Identification of quantitative trait loci for dynamic and steady-state photosynthetic traits in a barley mapping population

Abstract Enhancing the photosynthetic induction response to fluctuating light has been suggested as a key target for improvement in crop breeding programmes, with the potential to substantially increase whole-canopy carbon assimilation and contribute to crop yield potential. Rubisco activation may be the main physiological process that will allow us to achieve such a goal. In this study, we assessed the phenotype of Rubisco activation rate in a doubled haploid (DH) barley mapping population [131 lines from a Yerong/Franklin (Y/F) cross] after a switch from moderate to saturating light. Rates of Rubisco activation were found to be highly variable across the mapping population, with a median activation rate of 0.1 min−1 in the slowest genotype and 0.74 min−1 in the fastest genotype. A unique quantitative trait locus (QTL) for Rubisco activation rate was identified on chromosome 7H. This is the first report on the identification of a QTL for Rubisco activation rate in planta and the discovery opens the door to marker-assisted breeding to improve whole-canopy photosynthesis of barley. This also suggests that genetic factors other than the previously characterized Rubisco activase (RCA) isoforms on chromosome 4H control Rubisco activity. Further strength is given to this finding as this QTL co-localized with QTLs identified for steady-state photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. Several other distinct QTLs were identified for these steady-state traits, with a common overlapping QTL on chromosome 2H, and distinct QTLs for photosynthesis and stomatal conductance identified on chromosomes 4H and 5H, respectively. Future work should aim to validate these QTLs under field conditions so that they can be used to aid plant breeding efforts.
Tryptophan Fluorescence and Time-Lag Hydrolysis of Peptide Bonds during Degradation of β-Lactoglobulin by Trypsin

The opening of protein globules and corresponding exposure of their internal peptide bonds, the so-called demasking effect, is required for successful hydrolysis of peptide bonds by proteases. Under the proteolytic action of trypsin on β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), the evolution of tryptophan fluorescence spectra showed that the demasking process consists of two stages with different demasking rate constants for each stage. It was found that the ratio of these constants depends on the concentration of trypsin and changes are approximately threefold when the concentration of trypsin changes in the range of 0.3–15 mg/L. Simulation of hydrolysis taking into account the demasking effect demonstrated how the apparent first-order rate constants obtained experimentally are related to the true hydrolysis rate constants and demasking parameters. The lag phase in the kinetic curves corresponding to the hydrolysis of various peptide bonds in β-LG was also analyzed. The increased lag times indicated sites that are hydrolyzed by a two-stage demasking mechanism.
Estimation of Multilevel Simultaneous Equation Models through Genetic Algorithms

Problems in estimating simultaneous equation models when error terms are not intertemporally uncorrelated has motivated the introduction of a new multivariate model referred to as Multilevel Simultaneous Equation Model (MSEM). The maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of an MSEM has been set forth. Because of the difficulties associated with the solution of the system of likelihood equations, the maximum likelihood estimator cannot be obtained through exhaustive search procedures. A hybrid metaheuristic that combines a genetic algorithm and an optimization method has been developed to overcome both technical and analytical limitations in the general case when the covariance structure is unknown. The behaviour of the hybrid metaheuristic has been discussed by varying different tuning parameters. A simulation study has been included to evaluate the adequacy of this estimator when error terms are not serially independent. Finally, the performance of this estimation approach has been compared with regard to other alternatives.
Advantage of tapered and graded AlGaN electron blocking layer in InGaN‐based blue laser diodes

We investigate the advantage of tapered and graded AlGaN electron blocking layer (EBL) in InGaN-based blue laser diodes (LDs) theoretically by self-consistent Schrodinger-Poisson method together with transfer matrix method. Such optimized EBLs was found to suppress electron leakage current as well as enhance hole injection compared to their conventional counterpart. More uniform carrier distribution and thus uniform local gain profile is obtained in the active region of LDs with optimized EBLs. Slightly enhancement of optical confinement factor is also obtained. As a result, LDs with new EBL structure demonstrate better device performance with decrease of threshold current density and increase of light output power (© 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Superoleophilic and superhydrophobic biodegradable material with porous structures for oil absorption and oil–water separation

In this work, novel biodegradable poly(lactic acid) oil absorption and filtration materials with superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties were successfully fabricated. The as-prepared materials can separate oil from oil–water mixtures with high selectivity, high separation efficiency, stable performance, and easy recyclability, and are ideal candidates for applications in the cleanup of oil pollutants and the separation of oil and water. The used materials can be easily disposed because of their biodegradable essence and thus overcome the hard disposal and environmental contaminant limitations of traditional oil–water separation materials. This work provides a new design idea to prepare oil–water separation materials with consideration of both excellent separation ability and environmental friendliness, which shows attractive potential applications in industrial oily wastewater and oil spill cleanup.
Synthesis, characterization, and properties of tethered polystyrene-b-polyacrylate brushes on flat silicate substrates

Surface-immobilized polystyrene-b-polyacrylate brushes have been synthesized on silicate substrates from chlorine-terminated polystyrene (PS) brushes by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). ATRP of methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate (MA), and (N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) produced tethered diblock copolymer brushes, which were characterized by ellipsometry, FTIR-ATR, tensiometry, and XPS. “Control” polymerizations supported a radical mechanism for the MMA polymerization. The thickness of the polyacrylate terminal block was controlled by free initiator concentration. All three diblock copolymer brushes underwent self-reorganization and exhibited different surface properties in response to different solvent treatments. For PS-b-PMMA and PS-b-PMA brushes, treatment with CH2Cl2 resulted in localization of PMMA and PMA at the air interface; treatment with cyclohexane localized the PS block at the air interface. PS-b-PDMAEMA brushes exhibited a similar behavior using cyclohexane.
Stability of Grandite Garnet in H2O–CO2 Mixtures at 600°C under 100 MPa

With a fluid pressure of 100 MPa, grandite garnets with various Fe/(Fe+Al) ratios have been synthesized hydro thermally from the mixtures of reagent grade of CaO, CaCO3, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and SiO2. Grossular is formed at the CO2 mole fraction below 0.03, while the assemblage calcite-wollastonite-anorthite becomes stable above the value. An isobaric, isothermal eutectoid point appears in the system Ca3Al2Si3O12–Ca3Fe2Si3O12–CO2. The point seems to be located approximately at 90 mole % in the andradite molecule, and 0.8 in the CO2 mole fraction. This phase relation agrees with the fact that the composition of grandite from skarn-type ore deposits has a tendency towards andradite.
A complete analysis of the epidemiological scenario around a SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: previous infection events and subsequent transmission

Rationale: The first descriptions of reinfection by SARS-CoV-2 have been recently reported. However, these studies focus exclusively on the reinfected case, without considering the epidemiological context of the event.Objectives: To perform a complete analysis of the sequential infections and transmission events around a SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, including the infection events preceding it, the exposure and subsequent transmissions.Methods: Our analysis was supported by host genetics, viral whole genome sequencing, phylogenomic viral population analysis, and refined epidemiological data obtained from interviews with the involved subjects.Results: The reinfection involved a 53-year-old woman with asthma (Case A), with a first COVID-19 episode in April-2020 and a much more severe second episode four months and a half later, with COVID-19 seroconversion in August, and requiring hospital admission. An extended genomic analysis allowed us to demonstrate that the strain involved in Case A´s reinfection was circulating in the epidemiological context of Case A and was also transmitted subsequently from Case A to her family context. The reinfection was also supported by a phylogenetic analysis, including 348 strains from Madrid, which revealed that the strain involved in the reinfection was circulating by the time Case A suffered the second episode, August/September-2020, but absent at the time range corresponding to Case A´s first episode.Conclusion: We present the first complete analysis of the epidemiological scenario around a reinfection by SARS-CoV-2, more severe than the first episode, including three cases preceding the reinfection, the reinfected case per se, and the subsequent transmission to another seven cases.
Synthesis and Reactivity of the 3‐Substituted Isoindolinone Framework to Assemble Highly Functionalized Related Structures

An efficient potassium carbonate-catalyzed synthesis of 3-substituted isoindolinones through tandem aldol/cyclization reactions of active methylene compounds with 2-cyanobenzaldehyde is described. The utility of the obtained isoindolinones has been demonstrated through an exploration of the chemical space by employing a series of interesting methodologies that led to diverse, highly functionalized compounds. Among them, a surprisingly straightforward potassiumcarbonate-catalyzed double tandem reaction led to tricyclic hemiaminal derivatives.
In Vivo Electrochemical Biosensors for Reactive Oxygen Species Detection: A Mini-Review

Due to the significance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in numerous physiological processes including pathogen response, apoptosis, and induction of defense genes, various methods have been developed for their quantitative analysis. However, the conventional methods using exogenous tracers lack the capability to conduct real-time in vivo measurements. The electrochemical biosensors have shown their potentials for in vivo applications with the rapid and reagentless detection processes. In this article, electrochemical biosensors that are capable of making in vivo ROS detections are reviewed. The different configurations of these biosensors with corresponding strategies to enhance sensitivity and selectivity are discussed in detail. With further studies to promote the biosensor performance, these devices promise to provide more facile ways for ROS research in life sciences.
Automatic correction system of elementary arithmetic images based on deep learning

The elementary arithmetic exercise is corrected by manual traditionally, which is time consuming and inefficient. With the development of machine learning technology, the accuracy of image recognition is gradually improved, which can assist the manual correcting task. In this paper, a convolutional neural network model is built and trained to realize the recognition of numbers and operators in images based on Keras framework. After the training process, an automatic correction system for elementary arithmetic images is developed using the Django framework. The trained model is used to identify and correct the elementary arithmetic images automatically. The user uploads the elementary arithmetic images by the browser without installing any other application software, which can be used to help teachers in practice after some optimizations.
Rapid Determination of Low-level Sulfite in Dry Vegetables and Fruits by LC-ICP-MS

This paper describes a liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) method for the determination of low-level sulfite in dry vegetables and fruits. Aqueous 0.1% solution of formaldehyde was chosen as extraction solution for releasing the bound sulfite and forming the more stable hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS). Sulfite was separated using an anion exchange column with isocratic elution by a 50 mmol•L _1 ammonium nitrate in 0.1% formaldehyde solution (pH 7). Sulfite was detected as SO by ICP-MS in DRC O2 gas mode. In the optimum conditions, the linearity of the method is 0.05 _ 5 mg•L _1 for sulfite, and the detection limit is 0.02 mg•L 1. The results demonstrated that the method achieved acceptable quantitative recoveries of 78.5% to 91.6% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) < 5%. Compared to the AOAC official method, the proposed method presented advantages of rapid and sensitive.
American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review on the Evaluation and Management of Adrenocortical Carcinoma in an Adult: a Practical Approach.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this Disease State Clinical Review is to provide a practical approach to patients with newly diagnosed adrenocortical carcinoma, as well as to follow-up and management of patients with persistent or recurrent disease. METHODS This is a case-based clinical review. The provided recommendations are based on evidence available from randomized prospective clinical studies, cohort studies, cross-sectional and case-based studies, and expert opinions. RESULTS Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy, often with poor outcomes. For any patient with an adrenal mass suspicious for adrenocortical carcinoma, the approach should include prompt evaluation with detailed history and physical exam, imaging, and biochemical adrenal hormone assessment. In addition to adrenal-focused imaging, patients should be evaluated with chest-abdomen-pelvis cross-sectional imaging to define the initial therapy plan. Patients with potentially resectable disease limited to the adrenal gland should undergo en bloc open surgery by an expert surgeon. For patients presenting with advanced or recurrent disease, a multidisciplinary approach considering curative repeat surgery, local control with surgery, radiation therapy or radiofrequency ablation, or systemic therapy with mitotane and/or cytotoxic chemotherapy is recommended. CONCLUSION As most health care providers will rarely encounter a patient with adrenocortical carcinoma, we recommend that patients with suspected adrenocortical carcinoma be evaluated by an expert multidisciplinary team which includes clinicians with expertise in adrenal tumors, including endocrinologists, oncologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, pathologists, geneticists, and radiologists. We recommend that patients in remote locations be followed by the local health care provider in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team at an expert adrenal tumor program. ABBREVIATIONS ACC = adrenocortical carcinoma; ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone; BRACC = borderline resectable adrenocortical carcinoma; CT = computed tomography; DHEAS = dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; EDP = etoposide, doxorubicin, cisplatin; FDG = 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose; FNA = fine-needle aspiration; HU = Hounsfield units; IVC = inferior vena cava; LFS = Li-Fraumeni syndrome; MEN1 = multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; OAC = oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma; PC = palliative care; PET = positron emission tomography.
Prospective Calling Method to Prevent Excessive Train Speed

This article proposes the use of calling as a method to help train drivers avoid exceeding speed limits. The prospective calling consists of mental-imagery calling and repetition calling. ‘Mental-imagery calling’ refers to an action where a driver voices out loud the mental image they have of their driving in restricted speed sections. Repeated calling involves a driver repeating reminders to themselves as they operate the train. The effects of these two types of calling to improve prospective memory recall were confirmed experimentally. In addition, the effect of prospective calling on preventing excessive train speeds was confirmed in an experiment involving train drivers, using a train driving simulator.
Electron–Water Interactions and Implications for Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy

Liquid cell electron microscopy enables direct in situ imaging of processes in liquids and objects suspended in liquids with nanoscale resolution. However, the irradiating electrons affect the chemistry of the suspending medium, typically an aqueous solution, producing molecular and radical products such as hydrogen, oxygen, and hydrated (solvated) electrons. These may impact the imaged structures and phenomena. A good understanding of the interactions between the electrons and the irradiated medium is necessary to correctly interpret experiments, minimize artifacts, and take advantage of the irradiation. We predict the composition of water subjected to electron irradiation in the electron microscope. We reinterpret available experimental data, such as beam-induced variations in pH and colloid aggregation, in light of our predictions and show new observations of crystallization and etching as functions of dose rate, resolving conflicting reports in the scientific literature. We make our computer code avai.
Testing for Causality between Oil Prices and Money Supply in Saudi Arabia (Note 1)

The impact of oil price shocks on a country’s economy has been well studied in the economic literature. However, until now, articles analyzing the impact of these shocks on the Saudi Arabian economy have been relatively sparse. This paper attempts to shed some light on this important topic by examining the causal relationship between oil prices and an important monetary variable, the M3 (broad-based) money supply. Monthly data going back to 1982 were used in this study, which employs unit root tests and Granger causality analysis to test whether there is a causal relationship or not. No discernable causality relationship was found; this lack of such link leads the authors to conclude that this may be due to the prudent and stable fiscal and monetary policy on the part of the Kingdom’s government and its central bank, the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA).
Transition of synthetic chromium oxide gel to crystalline chromium oxide: a hot‐stage Raman spectroscopic study

Chromium oxide gel material was synthesised and appeared to be X-ray amorphous. The changes in the structure of the synthetic chromium oxide gel were investigated using hot-stage Raman spectroscopy based upon the results of thermogravimetric analysis. The thermally decomposed product of the synthetic chromium oxide gel in nitrogen atmosphere was confirmed to be crystalline Cr2O3 as determined by the hot-stage Raman spectra. Two bands were observed at 849 and 735 cm-1 in the Raman spectrum at 25 °C, which were attributed to the symmetric stretching modes of O-CrIII-OH and O-CrIII-O. With temperature increase, the intensity of the band at 849 cm-1 decreased, while the band at 735 cm-1 increased. These changes in intensity are attributed to the loss of OH groups and formation of O-CrIII-O units in the structure. A strongly hydrogen bonded water H-O-H bending band was found at 1704 cm-1 in the Raman spectrum of the chromium oxide gel, however this band shifted to around 1590 cm-1 due to destruction of the hydrogen bonds upon thermal treatment. Six new Raman bands were observed at 578, 540, 513, 390, 342 and 303 cm-1 attributed to the thermal decomposed product Cr2O3. The use of the hot-stage Raman microscope enabled low-temperature phase changes brought about through dehydration and dehydroxylation to be studied.
Reflection high energy electron diffraction as a tool in cluster deposition experiments

Reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) is used to study the structure and orientation of mass‐filtered iron clusters upon deposition onto W(110). The present setup enables in situ investigations during deposition and thermal annealing. Particles as small as 2 nm at low density on the surface can be studied. The experiments reveal that larger particles with a diameter of about 13 nm are randomly oriented on the substrate with a preferred tendency to rest on their surface facets. Thermal annealing leads to a partial realignment and a significant flattening of the particles. In contrast 2 nm particles are found to align spontaneously in an epitaxial manner on W(110). Thermodynamic arguments suggest that thermally activated motion of dislocations is responsible for the observed alignment phenomena rather than temporary melting of the particles.
Investigations of the structure of thin fluorocarbon films by x‐ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy

The X-ray diffraction method was tested for the investigation of the structure of thin fluorocarbon films grown in a glow discharge in tetrafluoroethylene. It could be shown that the computed electron densities are strongly related to the structure of the well known linear molecule of polytetrafluoroethylene. The results are supported by infrared absorption spectra. Foreign atoms and chain branching being a reason for the amorphous structure of the films were ascertained. An in einer Glimmentladung in Tetrafluorathylen hergestellten dunnen Fluorkohlen-stoffschichten wurde die Moglichkeit der Anwendung der Rontgenbeugung zur Strukturuntersuchung erprobt und gefunden, das die erhaltenen Elektronendichteverteilungskurven sich in enge Beziehung zur Struktur des linearen Polytetrafluorathylen-Molekuls bringen lassen. Infrarotabsorptionsspektren stutzen dieses Ergebnis. Fremdatome und Kettenverzweigungen, die eine Ursache fur die Amorphitat der Schichten sind, konnen nachgewiesen werden.