Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Filtering by Personality Diagnosis: A Hybrid Memory and Model-Based Approach

The growth of Internet commerce has stimulated the use of collaborative filtering (CF) algorithms as recommender systems. Such systems leverage knowledge about the known preferences of multiple users to recommend items of interest to other users. CF methods have been harnessed to make recommendations about such items as web pages, movies, books, and toys. Researchers have proposed and evaluated many approaches for generating recommendations. We describe and evaluate a new method called personality diagnosis (PD). Given a user's preferences for some items, we compute the probability that he or she is of the same "personality type" as other users, and, in turn, the probability that he or she will like new items. PD retains some of the advantages of traditional similarity-weighting techniques in that all data is brought to bear on each prediction and new data can be added easily and incrementally. Additionally, PD has a meaningful probabilistic interpretation, which may be leveraged to justify, explain, and augment results. We report empirical results on the EachMovie database of movie ratings, and on user profile data collected from the CiteSeer digital library of Computer Science research papers. The probabilistic framework naturally supports a variety of descriptive measurements--in particular, we consider the applicability of a value of information (VOI) computation.
Brownian Characterization of Nonlinear Behavior of Red Blood Cells from Leukemia and Anemia Patients Through the Determination of the May-Sugihara Coefficients and the Hurst Exponents

Blood diseases affect one or several parts of it and prevent blood to accomplish its function. These diseases could be chronic or acute. For example, leukemia is a type of blood cancer that starts in the bone marrow where blood cells are formed. Also, leukemia can be classified as lymphocytic or myelogenous. In some types of leukemia, it could be affected by any of the different precursors of the cell lines of the bone marrow as for example myeloid, erythroid or megakaryocytic precursors. Besides, iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common anemia and is caused by a deficiency in iron present in the hemoglobin of red blood cells (RBCs). Ektacytometry techniques quantify RBCs deformability by measuring the elongation of suspended RBCs subjected to shear stress. A patented optical system denominated Erythrocyte Rheometer was used to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of RBCs from patients with leukemia and iron deficiency anemia by ektacytometry. RBCs from healthy donors were used as a control. From the diffraction patterns of several of millions of RBCs (subjected to shear stress), photometric series were obtained. On this temporal series, it was evaluated non-lineal quantifiers in order to study fluctuations in the elongations of the RBCs. The dynamics of the cells were analyzed with the coefficient of non-linear correlation proposed by May and Sugihara and with the Hurst Exponent. Patterns of different behavior were observed in the utilized quantifiers. The patterns observed for the leukemia patients showed a chaotic behavior while patterns from iron deficiency anemia showed a random behavior like the control RBCs. The proposed quantifiers proved to be useful in the discernment of different pathologies associated with RBCs. Besides, the results shed light on the utilization of non-linear quantifiers on photometrically recorded series from erythrocytes subjected to shear stress for a quantitative characterization of the behavior of the system under study.
Simulations of Beam Chopping for Potential Upgrades of the SNS LEBT Chopper

The LEBT chopper is a critical element of the SNS accelerator system. In this work, the benefit of increasing the chopping voltage amplitude for the present chopping pattern is shown with beam simulations, and an ongoing hardware upgrade of the chopper pulser units is discussed. In addition, with the prospect of higher voltage capability of the new pulser design, two alternative chopping patterns which reduce the switching frequency of the chopper pulsers down to ½ or ¼ of the present chopping pattern, are also explored with beam simulations.
Computing temporal aggregates

Aggregate computation, such as selecting the minimum attribute value of a relation, is expensive, especially in a temporal database. We describe the basic techniques behind computing aggregates in conventional databases and show that these techniques are not efficient when applied to temporal databases. We examine the problem of computing constant intervals (intervals of time for which the aggregate value is constant) used for temporal grouping. We introduce two new algorithms for computing temporal aggregates: the aggregation tree and the k-ordered aggregation tree. An empirical comparison demonstrates that the choice of algorithm depends in part on the amount of memory available, the number of tuples in the underlying relation, and the degree to which the tuples are ordered. This study shows that the simplest strategy is to first sort the underlying relation, then apply the k-ordered aggregation tree algorithm with k=1. <<ETX>>
Consensual and Hierarchical Classification of Remotely Sensed Multispectral Images

Consensual and hierarchical approaches are applied in classification of remotely sensed multispectral images. The proposed method consists of nonlinear image filters, three different types of classifiers which use hierarchical neural networks with rejection schemes, and a combining scheme by a consensus rule. By nonlinear image filtering, class separability is improved. By successive classifiers which are tuned to reduce remaining error, classification performance increases. This structure includes detection schemes to decide whether successive classifiers are utilized for each input. The classification results by multiple classifiers using hierarchical neural networks are combined by a consensus rule to obtain more reliable and accurate results based on group decision. Keywords-consensus; classification; neural networks; rejection schemes; hierarchical
The delta-connected cascaded H-bridge converter application in distributed energy resources and fault ride through capability analysis

There are two unbalanced conditions for cascaded converter in Renewable Energy Source (RES) system. One is from the different output power of RES in bridge cells, and the other is grid voltage unbalanced fault. This paper presents a flexible voltage control technique of Modular Multilevel Cascaded Converter with single-delta bridge cells (MMCC-SDBC) in the RES system for maintaining the stable operation under the unbalanced conditions. Moreover, the comparison of the fault ride through capability between MMCC with Single Star Bridge Cells (MMCC-SSBC) and MMCC-SDBC is addressed in this paper. The laboratory test results are given to verify the proposed method and the analysis.
Inkjet Printing of High Index Zirconia Nanocomposite Materials

Nanocrystal-polymer nanocomposites, when inkjet-printed, are useful to many display components and aid the development of next generation displays. High refractive index (RI) nanocomposites have properties which surpass traditional polymers while maintaining manufacturability. This paper demonstrates inkjet printing capabilities using high RI, highly transparent PixClear® ZrO2 nanocrystal dispersions and inks for OLED Display and OLED Lighting applications. To support formulation requirements for inkjet applications, Hansen solubility parameters have been measured. By controlling the surface capping agents, PixClear dispersions can be tailored to be broadly formulatable for optimized performance.
Structural basis for tetherin antagonism as a barrier to zoonotic lentiviral transmission

Tetherin is a host defense that physically prevents escape of virions from the plasma membrane. Human tetherin lacks the motif DIWK antagonized by SIV, the antecedent of HIV. Here, we reconstituted the AP-2 clathrin adaptor complex with a simian tetherin and SIV Nef and determined its structure by cryo-EM. Nef refolds the first α-helix of the β2 subunit of AP-2 to a β hairpin, creating a binding site for the DIWK sequence. The tetherin binding site in Nef is distinct from those of MHC-I, CD3, and CD4, but overlaps the site for SERINC5 restricting viral infectivity. The structure explains the dependence of SIVs on the host tetherin DIWK sequence and the consequent barrier to human transmission.
Dependable machine intelligence at the tactical edge

The paper describes a vision for dependable application of machine learning-based inferencing on resource-constrained edge devices. The high computational overhead of sophisticated deep learning learning techniques imposes a prohibitive overhead, both in terms of energy consumption and sustainable processing throughput, on such resource-constrained edge devices (e.g., audio or video sensors). To overcome these limitations, we propose a “cognitive edge” paradigm, whereby (a) an edge device first autonomously uses statistical analysis to identify potential collaborative IoT nodes, and (b) the IoT nodes then perform real-time sharing of various intermediate state to improve their individual execution of machine intelligence tasks. We provide an example of such collaborative inferencing for an exemplar network of video sensors, showing how such collaboration can significantly improve accuracy, reduce latency and decrease communication bandwidth compared to non-collaborative baselines. We also identify various challenges in realizing such a cognitive edge, including the need to ensure that the inferencing tasks do not suffer catastrophically in the presence of malfunctioning peer devices. We then introduce the soon-to-be deployed Cognitive IoT testbed at SMU, explaining the various features that enable empirical testing of various novel edge-based ML algorithms.
Study on thermo-mechanical coupling characteristics of angle contact ball bearing with fix-position preload

Purpose Under fix-position preload, the high rotation speed of the angular contact ball bearing exacerbates the frictional heat generation, which causes the increase of the bearing temperature and the thermal expansion. The high rotation speed also leads to the centrifugal expansion of the bearing. Under the thermal and centrifugal effect, the structural parameters of the bearing change, affecting the mechanical properties of the bearing. The mechanical properties of the bearing determine its heat generation mechanism and thermal boundary conditions. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of centrifugal and thermal effects on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of an angular contact ball bearing with fix-position preload. Design/methodology/approach Because of operating conditions, elastic deformation occurs between the ball and the raceway. Assuming that the surfaces of the ball and channel are absolutely smooth and the material is isotropic, quasi-static theory and thermal network method are used to establish the thermo-mechanical coupling model of the bearing, which is solved by Newton–Raphson iterative method. Findings The higher the rotation speed, the greater the influence of centrifugal and thermal effects on the bearing dynamic parameters, temperature rise and actual axial force. The calculation results show that the effects of thermal field on bearing dynamic parameters are more significant than the centrifugal effect. The temperature rise and actual axial force of the bearing are measured. Comparing the calculation and the experimental results, it is found that the temperature rise and the actual axial force of the bearing are closer to reality considering thermal and centrifugal effects. Originality/value In the past studies, the thermo-mechanical coupling characteristics research and experimental verification of angular contact ball bearing with fix-position preload are not concerned. Research findings of this paper provide theoretical guidance for spindle design.
Correction: Tertiary Origin and Pleistocene Diversification of Dragon Blood Tree (Dracaena cambodiana-Asparagaceae) Populations in the Asian Tropical Forests

Background: The origin of extraordinarily rich biodiversity in tropical forests is often attributed to evolution under stable climatic conditions over a long period or to climatic fluctuations during the recent Quaternary period. Here, we test these two hypotheses using Dracaena cambodiana, a plant species distributed in paleotropical forests.
Personal Assertion Token (PaSSporT) Extension for Signature-based Handling of Asserted information using toKENs (SHAKEN)

This document extends PASSporT, which is a token object that conveys cryptographically-signed information about the participants involved in communications. The extension is defined, corresponding to the SHAKEN specification, to provide both a specific set of levels-of- confidence in the correctness of the originating identity for a SIP based Communication Service Provider (CSP) telephone network originated call as well as an identifier that allows the CSP to uniquely identify the origin of the call within its network.
Developing models of the small intestine

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The pathogenesis of IBD is not fully understood and curative therapies are lacking. Consequently, development of robust intestine models, representative of the pathogenesis of IBD remains an unmet need. Thus, the overall aims of the studies presented in this thesis were to develop a number of models of small intestine including: genetically engineered murine model, epithelial cell culture models, and an intestinal stem cell organoid model which could reflect or be used to study the pathogenesis of IBD. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is an important mediator of inflammation and tissue damage in IBD. The balance between IL-1 and IL-1Ra as a natural inhibitor plays a vital role in a variety of diseases. Here, this thesis investigated whether changes seen during IBD could be induced spontaneously by the removal of IL-1Ra in mice that lack a functional IL-1rn gene. Data presented from this thesis highlighted the importance of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, the potential of L-pNIPAM hydrogel scaffolds, which were developed by the research team at Sheffield Hallam University, was utilised to develop long-term 3D co-cultures of layered Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells under conditions representative of inflammation by treatment with IL-1β, TNFα, and hypoxia (1% O2) for 1 week was investigated. In vitro cell culture studies in this thesis have demonstrated that L-pNIPAM hydrogel supported long-term 3D co-culture model and stimulation with factors seen during inflammation recapitulated features of IBD. Finally, the potential of L-pNIPAM hydrogel scaffolds to develop 3D intestinal stem cell organoid model was investigated. The in vitro study demonstrated the ability of L-pNIPAM hydrogel as scaffold to support organoid formation and cell differentiation in vitro from small intestinal crypts and Lgr5+ stem cells isolated from mice.
Assessing Symptoms in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: How Well Do Clinicians' Assessments Agree with Those of Their Patients?

OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to determine the extent of agreement between clinicians and patients regarding assessments of reflux symptom severity in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.METHODS:Data were analyzed from four randomized clinical trials involving 2,674 patients treated with esomeprazole, omeprazole, ranitidine, or placebo. The extent of agreement was determined for symptom severity before and after 4–8 wk of treatment, and for the absence of symptoms after treatment. Agreement was further analyzed by determining weighted kappa values, which were interpreted according to the criteria of Landis and Koch.RESULTS:Before treatment, clinician-patient agreement regarding symptom severity in the four studies was slight to moderate (kappa: 0.17–0.53); 48–52% of assessments agreed for heartburn, 24–35% for epigastric pain, 36–43% for regurgitation, and 63% agreed for dysphagia. Poor agreement reflected clinician underestimation of symptom severity relative to patient ratings in three studies and clinician overestimation in one study. Agreement regarding symptom severity improved following treatment, and was fair to substantial (kappa: 0.31–0.73); 58–78% of assessments agreed for heartburn, 42–60% for epigastric pain, 66–76% for regurgitation, and 86% agreed for dysphagia. After treatment, agreement was greatest for patients reporting absence of symptoms and decreased with increasing severity of symptoms.CONCLUSIONS:The agreement between clinicians and patients in their assessments of the severity of reflux symptoms is poor, particularly before treatment and for more severe symptoms. Improvements in clinician-patient communication may help to bridge this gap, and greater reliance on patient assessments may be appropriate.
Effect of yeast culture and its combination with direct-fed microbials on growth performance and rumen fermentation of weaned lambs

Thirty-two lambs weighing 22.20 (± 0.75) kg were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: No additive (control), yeast culture (YEC), YEC plus B. licheniformis (YBL) or YEC plus C. butyricum (YCB). Diet consisted of grass hay ad libitum and concentrate (300 g/head/day). Average daily gain was 102, 114, 90, and 89 g/d in control, YEC, YBL, and YCB, respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05) among treatments, but the carcass weight of YEC lambs was significantly higher (P 0.05) than in controls and YBL lambs. Solid-associated fungi population relative to total rumen bacteria 16S ribosomal DNA was significantly lower (P<0.05) in YBL lambs (3.55) compared to YCB (23.12). There was little difference in blood glucose and plasma urea-N concentrations among the treatments. Blood concentrations of creatinine and globulin were significantly higher (P<0.05) in YBL and YCB lambs compared to the control and YEC-fed animals. Results indicated that yeast culture improved growth performance with little advantage expected from combining yeast culture with either B. licheniformis or C. butyricum . More research using adjusted diet formulations and doses of B. licheniformis or C. butyricum in combination with yeast culture is recommended. Keywords: Direct fed microbials, ruminant nutrition, sheep
Toward enhanced hyperforin production in St. John's wort root cultures

During the past decades, several trials targeted a stable, sustainable and economic production of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) extract. The value of this extract stems from its use to treat depression and skin irritation due to its hyperforin content. Previously, hyperforin‐forming in vitro root cultures were established. Here, detailed growth and production kinetics have been analyzed over 40 days of cultivation. In the first 10 days, sucrose was completely hydrolyzed to glucose and fructose. The ammonium consumption supported the increase in the biomass and hyperforin production. When sucrose was replaced with glucose/fructose, the linear growth phase started 6 days earlier and resulted in a higher space‐time‐yield. The maximum hyperforin production was 0.82 mg L−1 day−1, which was 67 % higher than in the sucrose‐supplemented standard cultivation. Buffering the sucrose‐supplemented medium with phosphate caused a 2.7‐fold increase in the product to biomass yield coefficient. However, the combination of monosaccharides and buffering conditions did not cause an appreciable improvements in the production performance of the shake flask approaches. A potential scalability from flask to lab‐scale stirred bioreactors has been demonstrated. The results obtained offer a basis for a scalable production of hyperforin and a sustainable source for a tissue culture‐based phytomedicine.
A FWI Velocity Model Building Workflow across the Senja Ridge in the Norwegian Barents Sea

Summary The Senja Ridge is a structurally complex high located in the western margin of the Norwegian Barents Sea. A two stage velocity model building approach is implemented, utilising diving wave FWI and high resolution image guided tomography. Shallow gas clouds and shallow channels are resolved with the FWI updates, deeper structures including basement horsts within the Senja Ridge and the flanks of salt diapirs are solved with the tomographic updates.
Margin-parallel v/s margin-orthogonal compression along a convergent margin : the Andes of central-southern Chile and western Argentina

The central and southern Andes constitute a segment of the type-example of mountain building related to subduction of an oceanic plate beneath a continental plate margin. Oceanic plate subduction is commonly believed to drive significant margin-orthogonal shortening in the overriding plate which in turn is throught to produce mountain-building. In particular, forearc deformation should be strongly coupled with the plate convergence vector, however, the relationship between convergence and tectonics on the overriding plate is not yet fully understood. Evolution of this zone appears to be controlled by several other processes such as margin consumption, margin accretion, subsidence, upl ift and formation of sedimentary basins. Even in those cases when the convergence vector is oblique and partitioned into trench-orthogonal shortening and trench-parallel strike-slip displacement, the instantaneous shortening direction across the orogen does not seem to depart much from that of the convergence vector. Theory and observation predict that trenchorthogonal shortening is accommodated in the forearc regions whereas strike-slip displacement is accomodated within the magmatic arc (e.g. Fitch, 1972; Beck, 1983; Jarrard, 1986; McCaffrey, 1992; Saint-Blanquat et al., 1998). Therefore, in the forearc region, the direction of the maximum horizontal compression should be nearly parallel to the slip vector. While this may be true for the forearc base close to the subduction zone itself, a much more complex geometry of the stress tensor is found at the forearc surface. In the southern part of the Central Andes of Argentina,Quaternary deformation is characterized by eastverging thrusting giving way inland to high-angle reverse faults that bound the assymetric foreland uplifts of the Sierras Pampeanas (Costa, 2002). We here document regional-scale margin-parallel compression along a large (> 1000 km long) tract of the Chilean Andes forearc that poses important questions regarding the way by which subduction zone deformation is tranferred up to surface. We show that margin-parallel compression may be more common than previously recognized because second-order forces arising from slip partitioning can overcome those directly related to trench-orthogonal displacement. The Andean segment between 30 and 45°S lie at the Nazca-South America plate boundary zone. Convergence has been slightly dextral-oblique during the last 20 Ma, at relatively high rates (5-8 cm/year) giving