Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality care process metrics (QCP-Ms) in nursing and midwifery care processes: a rapid realist review (RRR) protocol

Background: In 2018, the Office of the Nursing and Midwifery Services Director (ONMSD) completed phase one of work which culminated in the development and launch of seven research reports with defined suites of quality care process metrics (QCP-Ms) and respective indicators for the practice areas – acute care, midwifery, children’s, public health nursing, older persons, mental health and intellectual disability nursing in Ireland. This paper presents a rapid realist review protocol that will systematically review the literature that examines QCP-Ms in practice; what worked, or did not work for whom, in what contexts, to what extent, how and why? Methods : The review will explore if there are benefits of using the QCP-Ms and what are the contexts in which these mechanisms are triggered. The essence of this rapid realist review is to ascertain how a change in context generates a particular mechanism that produces specific outcomes. A number of steps will occur including locating existing theories on implementation of quality care metrics, searching the evidence, selecting relevant documents, data extraction, validation of findings, synthesising and refining programme theory. This strategy may help to describe potential consequences resulting from changes in context and their interactions with mechanisms. Initial theories will be refined throughout the process by the local reference panel, comprised of eight key intervention stakeholders, knowledge users such as healthcare professionals and an expert panel. Ethical approval is not required for this rapid realist review. Conclusion: It is anticipated that the final programme theory will help to explain how QCP-Ms work in practice; for whom, why and in what circumstances. Findings of this review could help to give insights into the use of a rapid realist review as a framework and how nursing and midwifery QCP-Ms have been implemented previously.
Removal of dibenzothiophene, biphenyl and phenol from waste by Trichosporon sp.

Utilization of dibenzothiophene and flocculation of this compound from environment by yeast was studied. The yeast was isolated from phenol-contaminated waste and identified as Trichosporon sp. This strain used phenol and dibenzothiophene as the only sources of carbon and sulfur, respectively. However it had better growth when glucose and yeast extract was added to basal medium containing dibenzothiophene. When the yeast was grown on dibenzothiophene in basal medium almost 100% of dibenzothiophene was reduced in 14 days, but in the present of glucose, only 77% was reduced. The results showed that glucose produced more biomass for dibenzothiophene utilization without any sign of 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP) production. However the yeast utilized phenol and biphenyl such that there was no accumulation of biphenyl in media. The results showed that Trichosporon sp. have the capacity to transform biphenyl and dibenzothiophene, and therefore could be used for removal of these toxic compounds.
Biochemical Study on Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Frozen Meat

The objective of the present study was to monitor lipid peroxidation parameters of fresh and frozen beef and mutton meat in Alexandria, Egypt Markets and their effects on meat quality through determination of the following parameters; pH, Acid Value, Free Fatty Acids Content, Malondialdhyde, Total Cholestrols, Triacylglycerols, High Density Lipoproteins, Low Density Lipoproteins, Very Low Density Lipoproteins and Fatty Acids analysis by Gas Chromatography. Conclusively, feezing at -20°C for two months not alter meat pH as it keeps it within normal accepted range, rancidity not developed during. frozen storage of meat within two months. Paradoxically, studies have shown that cold preservation leads to time dependent increases in accumulation of lipid peroxidation product Malondialdhyde also cholesterol oxidation occur while fatty acid oxidation occur to some extent as we noticed disappearance of omega 3 fatty acid and ecosapentanoic acid by freezing process and this considered to be evidence of lipid peroxidation inspite of this point freezing as a method of meat preservation causes only a small decrease in nutritive value, and natural health-promoting substances such as other unsaturated fatty acids are largely retained with minute change.
Change in crystallinity upon heterogeneous acid hydrolysis of cellulose fibers

The recently developed x-ray method of crystallinity determination is applied to products of heterogeneous acid hydrolysis of cellulose fibers. Upon treatment of viscose rayon fibers with boiling 2.5 N sulfuric acid, the crystalline fraction is increased from 39 to 49% within half an hour, and remains constant upon prolonged treatment. Ramie does not show any change in percentage crystallinity when subjected to the same treatment. Its crystalline fraction is, however, transformed into cellulose IV. The observed changes in moisture regain of the hydrolyzed products are in line with the x-ray results.
Learning poly-synaptic paths with traveling waves

Traveling waves are commonly observed across the brain. While previous studies have suggested the role of traveling waves in learning, the mechanism remains unclear. We adopted a computational approach to investigate the effect of traveling waves on synaptic plasticity. Our results indicate that traveling waves facilitate the learning of poly-synaptic network paths when combined with a reward-dependent local synaptic plasticity rule. We also demonstrate that traveling waves expedite finding the shortest paths and learning nonlinear input/output mapping, such as exclusive or (XOR) function.
Describing the structure of concepts through different feature levels

ABSTRACT It has been suggested that concepts can be recognised based on at least some amount of highly shared features across individuals (i.e. core features). However, the boundaries between those features and less-shared ones remain unclear. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to operationalise the different levels of the structure of a concept's meaning and to test the effect of those levels on semantic decision latencies. First, we performed a feature based cued-recall task. Then, we designed two speeded verification tasks in which features were presented before and after the concept (i.e. feature-concept and concept-feature condition, respectively). Results of the cued-recall task allowed us to operationalise core features. Furthermore, we observed that core features were verified faster than partially shared, followed by features, and partially shared features faster than idiosyncratic ones, being features, and that this effect is independent of the order of stimulus presentation.
Brands, Labels, and Product Longevity: The Case of Salmon in UK Grocery Retailing

Abstract In recent years, the number of ecolabels and country-of-origin labels has grown substantially in seafood markets globally. This makes it more difficult for retailers and producers to communicate and demonstrate their differentiating claims to consumers. In addition, it has recently been suggested that there are both costs and supply chain benefits associated with labeling. This paper uses duration analysis to investigate factors that influence product longevity for salmon in grocery retailing. Product longevity influences cost as a prolonged product lifetime reduces costs related to product development and marketing. As has been found for wild-caught whitefish, different retail chains appear to vary in their product labeling strategies. However, in contrast to wild fish, farmed salmon with ecolabels or domestic country-of-origin labels appear to have shorter product life cycles compared to products without ecolabels or with foreign country-of-origin labeling. This is most likely due to the higher control of the production process found in aquaculture.
Neural and social correlates of attitudinal brokerage: using the complete social networks of two entire villages

To avoid polarization and maintain small-worldness in society, people who act as attitudinal brokers are critical. These people maintain social ties with people who have dissimilar and even incompatible attitudes. Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (n = 139) and the complete social networks from two Korean villages (n = 1508), we investigated the individual-level neural capacity and social-level structural opportunity for attitudinal brokerage regarding gender role attitudes. First, using a connectome-based predictive model, we successfully identified the brain functional connectivity that predicts attitudinal diversity of respondents' social network members. Brain regions that contributed most to the prediction included mentalizing regions known to be recruited in reading and understanding others’ belief states. This result was corroborated by leave-one-out cross-validation, fivefold cross-validation and external validation where the brain connectivity identified in one village was used to predict the attitudinal diversity in another independent village. Second, the association between functional connectivity and attitudinal diversity of social network members was contingent on a specific position in a social network, namely, the structural brokerage position where people have ties with two people who are not otherwise connected.
The utilization of micro-mesoporous carbon-based filler in the P84 hollow fibre membrane for gas separation

This research involved carrying out a unique micro-mesoporous carbon particle incorporation into P84 co-polyimide membrane for improved gas separation performance. The carbon filler was prepared using a hard template method from zeolite and known as zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC). This research aims to study the loading amount of ZTC into P84 co-polyimide toward the gas separation performance. The ZTC was prepared using simple impregnation method of sucrose into hard template of zeolite Y. The SEM result showing a dispersed ZTC particle on the membrane surface and cross-section. The pore size distribution (PSD) of ZTC revealed that the particle consists of two characteristics of micro and mesoporous region. It was noted that with only 0.5 wt% of ZTC addition, the permeability was boosted up from 4.68 to 7.06 and from 8.95 to 13.15 barrer, for CO2 and H2 respectively when compared with the neat membrane. On the other hand, the optimum loading was at 1 wt%, where the membrane received thermal stability boost of 10% along with the 62.4 and 35% of selectivity boost of CO2/CH4 and H2/CH4, respectively. It was noted that the position of the filler on the membrane surface was significantly affecting the gas transport mechanism of the membrane. Overall, the results demonstrated that the addition of ZTC with proper filler position is a potential candidate to be applicable in the gas separation involving CO2 and H2.
Sociability increases survival of adult female giraffes

Studies increasingly show that social connectedness plays a key role in determining survival, in addition to natural and anthropogenic environmental factors. Few studies, however, integrated social, non-social and demographic data to elucidate what components of an animal's socio-ecological environment are most important to their survival. Female giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) form structured societies with highly dynamic group membership but stable long-term associations. We examined the relative contributions of sociability (relationship strength, gregariousness and betweenness), together with those of the natural (food sources and vegetation types) and anthropogenic environment (distance from human settlements), to adult female giraffe survival. We tested predictions about the influence of sociability and natural and human factors at two social levels: the individual and the social community. Survival was primarily driven by individual- rather than community-level social factors. Gregariousness (the number of other females each individual was observed with on average) was most important in explaining variation in female adult survival, more than other social traits and any natural or anthropogenic environmental factors. For adult female giraffes, grouping with more other females, even as group membership frequently changes, is correlated with better survival, and this sociability appears to be more important than several attributes of their non-social environment.
Using strontium isotopes to determine philopatry and dispersal in primates: a case study from Kibale National Park

Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) allow researchers to track changes in mobility throughout an animal's life and could theoretically be used to reconstruct sex-biases in philopatry and dispersal patterns in primates. Dispersal patterns are a life-history variable that correlate with numerous aspects of behaviour and socio-ecology that are elusive in the fossil record. The present study demonstrates that the standard archaeological method used to differentiate between ‘local’ and ‘non-local’ individuals, which involves comparing faunal isotopic ratios with environmental isotopic minima and maxima, is not always reliable; aspects of primate behaviour, local environments, geologic heterogeneity and the availability of detailed geologic maps may compromise its utility in certain situations. This study instead introduces a different methodological approach: calculating offset values to compare 87Sr/86Sr of teeth with that of bone or local environments. We demonstrate this method's effectiveness using data from five species of primates, including chimpanzees, from Kibale National Park, Uganda. Tooth-to-bone offsets reliably indicate sex-biases in dispersal for primates with small home ranges while tooth-to-environment offset comparisons are more reliable for primates with larger home ranges. Overall, tooth-to-environment offsets yield the most reliable predictions of species' sex-biases in dispersal.
Fluoro-Silane as a Functional Monomer for Protein Conformational Imprinting

Silica gels capable of inducing defined conformational changes in proteins were synthesized by polymerization of either 3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethoxysilane (3F) or (3-heptafluoroisopropoxy)propalethoxysilane (7F) with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated BSA (FITC-BSA) were encapsulated in the gels. The hydrolyzed TEOS sol mixing with 0.01 M pH 8 hepes buffer at a ratio of 1:3 (sol:buffer) was selected as the optimal condition for rapid synthesis of rigid and optically transparent gels. These 1:3 gels doped with 10% 3F (3F/TEOS, mol%) or with 5% 7F (7F/TEOS, mol%) were as transparent as pure TEOS gels, whereas 10% 7F modification resulted in a turbid gel containing micron-sized 7F aggregates that excluded encapsulated FITC-BSA. In contrast, FITC-BSA was homogenously dispersed in the pure TEOS and 10% 3F modified TEOS gels. Water contact angle increased from 19.9o ± 2.6o on pure TEOS gel to 85.8o ± 3.4o on 5% 3F-modified gels and to 105.4o ± 1.1o on the 5% 7F gels. However, 10% 7F modification reversed the hydrophobicity trend by reducing the contact angel to 55.2o ± 4.2o. The fluorospectroscopic assays on the fluoro-silane-BSA interactions showed that either hydrolyzed 3F monomers or 3F copolymerized up to 10% in TEOS induced a concentration-dependent fluorescence reduction for 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (1,8-ANS), a lipophilic probe that has high affinity with the hydrophobic pockets of 69 proteins. The 3F-induced probe emission reduction may be interpreted as strong BSA-3F interactions excluding ANS-protein interactions. In contrast, hydrolyzed 7F increased the probe fluorescence, while 5% 7F in TEOS gel quenched the emission, suggesting that solution 7F facilitates ANS binding to BSA by exposing hydrophobic pockets on the protein; however, upon condensation into a TEOS gel, this effect is lost, possibly due to steric constraints in the gel. These findings demonstrate the advantages of 3F over 7F as a functional monomer for TEOS gel modification in terms of retaining gel transparency and increasing hydrophobicity (and consequently stability against capillary-induced collapse) while maintaining a uniform distribution of encapsulated protein. Encapsulated protein appears to be stabilized by 3F binding to hydrophobic domains or clefts on the protein as evidenced by exclusion of the lipophilic probe, 1,8-ANS.
Wolf habitat selection in relation to recreational structures in a national park

Although most predators usually avoid human activity, some individuals instead will habituate to it. Habituation to human presence and infrastructure by predator species such as wolves may lead to conflicts implicating serious risks for public safety and for the survival of the animals involved. Accordingly, this research project aims to shed light on the relationship between wolves and recreational structures using telemetry data from 10 wolves located in the Parc National du Mont-Tremblant (Québec, Canada) and its surrounding area. Using resource selection functions (RSFs), we observed wolf habitat selection in relation to these structures during three biological periods (denning: May–June; rendezvous: June–October; and nomadic: October–April). Our results revealed that wolves selected proximity to linear structures (roads and trails) during the denning and rendezvous periods, but this selection depended on the density of such structures in the surroundings (i.e., functional response in habitat selection): wolves selected proximity to linear structures when these structures were present at greater densities. Wolves avoided housing structures (campsites, cabins, park facilities), especially when these structures were present at greater densities, suggesting that wolves perceived them as a risk. These results suggest that conflicts between visitors and wolves were unlikely to occur in campgrounds during the time of our study. This could indicate that the management measures implemented by the park following the past episodes of conflict were effective. However, wolves' use of linear structures could lead to increased tolerance to human proximity if left unmanaged.
Genetic and morphological variation of Oxymycterus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

We present a new assessment of the genetic and morphological variation within Oxymycterus quaestor Thomas, 1903, which currently includes the junior synonyms O. judex Thomas, 1909 and O. misionalis Sanborn, 1931. We integrate distinct lines of evidence, including variation of mitochondrial (Cytochrome b [Cytb]) and nuclear (intron 7 of beta fibrinogen gene [Fgb]) sequences, and the assessment of skull quantitative traits based on geometric morphometrics, throughout the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern-Southern Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. Phylogenetic relationships based on Cytb indicate that O. quaestor is structured in four well-supported clades (lineages A–D), one of them (lineage C) including topotypes of a previously associated nominal form (O. judex). However, these Cytb lineages exhibit lower levels of differentiation based on the Fgb locus, and are not recovered in the genealogies of this nuclear marker, representing a case of mitonuclear discordance. The Cytb lineages also broadly overlapped in the morphospace both in skull shape and size, which sustain the current wider concept of O. quaestor as one single young species (0.947 Myr) that is recently expanding, and ultimately branching out, in the Atlantic Forest.
Concentration–Mortality Response of Mexican Populations Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Commercial Formulations of Bacillus Thuringiensis

Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the most economically important pest of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in Mexico. In order to identify biologically based management tactics for this pest, we determined the concentration–mortality response of 16 S. frugiperda populations collected in Mexico to two commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) (XenTari® [Bt subsp. aizawai] and DiPel® [Bt subsp. kurstaki]; Valent de México SA De CV, Jalisco, México). Laboratory bioassays established median lethal concentrations (LC50s) for each Bt formulation × population combination. We also determined mean larval weight 7 d after exposure and the number of larvae that reached the third instar of development. The populations were susceptible to both Bt formulations but they were, overall, more susceptible to Bt subsp. aizawai (XenTari) than to Bt subsp. kurstaki (DiPel). These results can serve as a reference to detect changes in S. frugiperda response to these Bt commercial products over time.
The many challenges to the field of pediatric pulmonology posed by pediatric pulmonary hypertension and the path forward

Pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH) has emerged as a major clinical problem throughout the world. This problem has grown for two reasons: (a) increased awareness of the strong impact of PH on short and long‐term outcomes in more diverse diseases, which has led to an increase in screening and diagnostic evaluations; and (b) the availability of PH‐specific drug therapies leading to improved survival. We have the honor of leading off this special issue of Pediatric Pulmonology with an overview of the many faces of PH in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents, with particular emphasis on the importance and need for pediatric pulmonologists to develop a greater understanding of PH. While a large proportion of leaders in adult PH are pulmonologists, pediatric cardiologists have dominated the field in children with PH. With growing awareness of the importance of PH in dictating outcomes of many childhood lung diseases and the critical contribution of respiratory problems to outcomes of children with many forms of PH, it is clear that pediatric pulmonary specialists must become more knowledgeable and engaged in PH‐related diseases. As reflected by the development of PH teams at many medical centers, it is evident that optimal care for these patients requires the collaboration of pediatric pulmonologists with pediatric cardiologists, intensivists, neonatologists, pharmacists, and others. As a result, the goal of this supplemental issue of Pediatric Pulmonology is to highlight and provide updates on key aspects of this important clinical field of pediatric PH.
A novel approach to maximize g-mean in nonstationary data with recurrent imbalance shifts

One of the noteworthy difficulties in the classification of nonstationary data is handling data with class imbalance. Imbalanced data possess the characteristics of having a lot of samples of one class than the other. It, thusly, results in the biased accuracy of a classifier in favour of a majority class. Streaming data may have inherent imbalance resulting from the nature of dataspace or extrinsic imbalance due to its nonstationary environment. In streaming data, timely varying class priors may lead to a shift in imbalance ratio. The researchers have contemplated ensemble learning, online learning, issue of class imbalance and cost-sensitive algorithms autonomously. They have scarcely ever tended to every one of these issues mutually to deal with imbalance shift in nonstationary data. This correspondence shows a novel methodology joining these perspectives to augment G-mean in no stationary data with Recurrent Imbalance Shifts (RIS). This research modifies the state-of-the-art boosting algorithms,1) AdaC2 to get G-mean based Online AdaC2 for Recurrent Imbalance Shifts (GOA-RIS) and AGOA-RIS (Ageing and G-mean based Online AdaC2 for Recurrent Imbalance Shifts), and 2) CSB2 to get G-mean based Online CSB2 for Recurrent Imbalance Shifts (GOC-RIS) and Ageing and G-mean based Online CSB2 for Recurrent Imbalance Shifts (AGOC-RIS). The study has empirically and statistically analysed the performances of the proposed algorithms and Online AdaC2 (OA) and Online CSB2 (OC) algorithms using benchmark datasets. The test outcomes demonstrate that the proposed algorithms globally beat the performances of OA and OC