Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Effects in Weak Interactions: Enhancement of Tetrel Bonds by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds

A series of silyl and germanium complexes containing halogen atoms (fluorine and chlorine atoms) and exhibiting tetrel bonds with Lewis bases were analyzed by means of Møller-Plesset computational theory. Binding energies of germanium derivatives were more negative than silicon ones. Amongst the different Lewis bases utilized, ammonia produced the strongest tetrel bonded complexes in both Ge and Si cases, and substitution of the F atom by Cl led to stronger complexes with an ethylene backbone. However, with phenyl backbones, the fluorosilyl complexes were shown to be less stable than the chlorosilyl ones, but the opposite occurred for halogermanium complexes. In all the cases studied, the presence of a hydroxyl group enhanced the tetrel bond. That effect becomes more remarkable when an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the halogen and the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group takes places.
A least squares algorithm with one phase weight for adaptive cancelation of noise from biomedical signals

A least squares algorithm is presented which uses one weight for phase shift correction per reference input for adaptive noise canceling with one or multiple reference inputs. The method uses an iterative gradient search procedure which assumes that phase shifts between inputs are small compared to the frequency of meaningful, correlated, periodic noise components. In a simulation in which the primary signal contained additive, correlated sinusoidal and random noise, the weights converged stably and rapidly to the minimum of the performance surface. The algorithm is potentially useful in real-time medical applications, where minimizing the cost of implementation is essential. <<ETX>>
Structural and functional asymmetry of medial temporal subregions in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy: A 7T MRI study

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common neurological disorder affecting the hippocampus and surrounding medial temporal lobe (MTL). Although prior studies have analyzed whole‐brain network distortions in TLE patients, the functional network architecture of the MTL at the subregion level has not been examined. In this study, we utilized high‐resolution 7T T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting‐state BOLD‐fMRI to characterize volumetric asymmetry and functional network asymmetry of MTL subregions in unilateral medically refractory TLE patients and healthy controls. We subdivided the TLE group into mesial temporal sclerosis patients (TLE‐MTS) and MRI‐negative nonlesional patients (TLE‐NL). Using an automated multi‐atlas segmentation pipeline, we delineated 10 MTL subregions per hemisphere for each subject. We found significantly different patterns of volumetric asymmetry between the two groups, with TLE‐MTS exhibiting volumetric asymmetry corresponding to decreased volumes ipsilaterally in all hippocampal subfields, and TLE‐NL exhibiting no significant volumetric asymmetries other than a mild decrease in whole‐hippocampal volume ipsilaterally. We also found significantly different patterns of functional network asymmetry in the CA1 subfield and whole hippocampus, with TLE‐NL patients exhibiting asymmetry corresponding to increased connectivity ipsilaterally and TLE‐MTS patients exhibiting asymmetry corresponding to decreased connectivity ipsilaterally. Our findings provide initial evidence that functional neuroimaging‐based network properties within the MTL can distinguish between TLE subtypes. High‐resolution MRI has potential to improve localization of underlying brain network disruptions in TLE patients who are candidates for surgical resection.
Motivations and Challenges of Global Mobility with Universal Identity: A Review

— Researchers are directing enormous efforts to achieve the aim of global mobility by enhancing the standard mobile IP with various routing schemes focusing on best routes and least cost while ignoring the facts of the organizations usual use of private IP’s and the presence of firewalls. Nevertheless, existing Mobile IP models are still missing three basic concepts that hinder their applicability in real environment. First, global mobility must be independent of the different infrastructure technologies (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMAX, UMTS, etc.). Second, a secure authentication mechanism for guiding the access of mobile nodes to the corporate network’s resources is certainly needed. Third, the capability of correlating the mobile node’s activities to a real world identity is a requirement of security in a wider since i.e., network, web, and national security. This paper defines the role of global mobility in facilitating and improving mobile business performance. It, also, presents a review of literature for the existing standards and schemes of mobility and analyzes their limitations. Finally, a reference is made to a practical approach for secure global mobility without the current limitations.
非線形モデル予測制御を用いた車両限界域制御と最速走行のための制御;非線形モデル予測制御を用いた車両限界域制御と最速走行のための制御;Vehicle Motion Control under Limit State and Fastest Speed Control by Using Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

In this paper, we propose a vehicle motion control method considering stability at the limit state using non-linear model predictive control. In order to consider the vehicle limit state, a vehicle model is deﬁned by using a nonlinear tire model that considers combined slip etc. The steering angle and the slip rates of each wheel at the limit lateral acceleration state are calculated on the numerical simulations. In addition, as an application example of the proposed method, results of running a circuit course at the fastest speed using curvature minimum path generation algorithm is demonstrated. Simulation results show that the proposed method can run at the speed at the lateral acceleration limit according to the course shape and it is able to run on the out-in-out trajectory.
Importance of Physical Performance and Quality of Life for Self-Rated Health in Older Japanese Women

ABSTRACT Our study aimed to investigate the physical performance and quality of life (QOL) as associated factors with self-rated health (SRH). Japanese community-dwelling women aged 65 years or more (n = 51; mean age = 75.3 ± 6.0) answered a questionnaire regarding socio-demographic information, SRH, QOL by the Short Form-8, and performed the physical tests, such as Timed Up and Go, Functional Reach (FR), One Leg Stand (OLS), Five Chair Stands (CS), and hand grip strength (HGS). Smoking (p = 0.04), more medical consultations (p = 0.03), and more number of medications (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with poor self-assessment of their health. Moreover, those who assessed their health condition as not so good to bad condition had lower performance in FR (p = 0.02), HGS (p = 0.04), OLS (p = 0.05), and CS (p = 0.02), and poorer QOL condition in general health (p < 0.01), bodily pain (p = 0.02), and vitality (p = 0.03) in comparison with the other SRH groups (good and/or normal). Therefore, we encouraged the use of the SRH assessment and the interpretation of its results based on the present findings such as associating the SRH of older women with their physical performance and QOL.
Plastome-Wide Rearrangements and Gene Losses in Carnivorous Droseraceae

Abstract The plastid genomes of four related carnivorous plants (Drosera regia, Drosera erythrorhiza, Aldrovanda vesiculosa, and Dionaea muscipula) were sequenced to examine changes potentially induced by the transition to carnivory. The plastid genomes of the Droseraceae show multiple rearrangements, gene losses, and large expansions or contractions of the inverted repeat. All the ndh genes are lost or nonfunctional, as well as in some of the species, clpP1, ycf1, ycf2 and some tRNA genes. Uniquely, among land plants, the trnK gene has no intron. Carnivory in the Droseraceae coincides with changes in plastid gene content similar to those induced by parasitism and mycoheterotrophy, suggesting parallel changes in chloroplast function due to the similar switch from autotrophy to (mixo-) heterotrophy. A molecular phylogeny of the taxa based on all shared plastid genes indicates that the “snap-traps” of Aldrovanda and Dionaea have a common origin.
Molecular Mechanisms of Leucine Zipper EF-Hand Containing Transmembrane Protein-1 Function in Health and Disease

Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) uptake shapes cytosolic Ca2+ signals involved in countless cellular processes and more directly regulates numerous mitochondrial functions including ATP production, autophagy and apoptosis. Given the intimate link to both life and death processes, it is imperative that mitochondria tightly regulate intramitochondrial Ca2+ levels with a high degree of precision. Among the Ca2+ handling tools of mitochondria, the leucine zipper EF-hand containing transmembrane protein-1 (LETM1) is a transporter protein localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane shown to constitute a Ca2+/H+ exchanger activity. The significance of LETM1 to mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation is evident from Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome patients that harbor a haplodeficiency in LETM1 expression, leading to dysfunctional mitochondrial Ca2+ handling and from numerous types of cancer cells that show an upregulation of LETM1 expression. Despite the significance of LETM1 to cell physiology and pathophysiology, the molecular mechanisms of LETM1 function remain poorly defined. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current understanding of LETM1 structure and function and pinpoint the knowledge gaps that need to be filled in order to unravel the underlying mechanistic basis for LETM1 function.
Desmoglein 2 mutation provokes skeletal muscle actin expression and accumulation at intercalated discs in murine hearts

ABSTRACT Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is an incurable progressive disease that is linked to mutations in genes coding for components of desmosomal adhesions that are localized to the intercalated disc region, which electromechanically couples adjacent cardiomyocytes. To date, the underlying molecular dysfunctions are not well characterized. In two murine AC models, we find an upregulation of the skeletal muscle actin gene (Acta1), which is known to be a compensatory reaction to compromised heart function. Expression of this gene is elevated prior to visible morphological alterations and clinical symptoms, and persists throughout pathogenesis with an additional major rise during the chronic disease stage. We provide evidence that the increased Acta1 transcription is initiated through nuclear activation of the serum response transcription factor (SRF) by its transcriptional co-activator megakaryoblastic leukemia 1 protein (MKL1, also known as MRTFA). Our data further suggest that perturbed desmosomal adhesion causes Acta1 overexpression during the early stages of the disease, which is amplified by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) release from fibrotic lesions and surrounding cardiomyocytes during later disease stages. These observations highlight a hitherto unknown molecular AC pathomechanism. Summary: By examining desmosomal cadherin-mutant mice, a link between SRF-activation and ectopic skeletal muscle actin expression is described as a novel mechanism during arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy pathogenesis.
Titanocene Selenide Sulfides Revisited: Formation, Stabilities, and NMR Spectroscopic Properties

[TiCp2S5] (phase A), [TiCp2Se5] (phase F), and five solid solutions of mixed titanocene selenide sulfides [TiCp2SexS5−x] (Cp = C5H5−) with the initial Se:S ranging from 1:4 to 4:1 (phases B–E) were prepared by reduction of elemental sulfur or selenium or their mixtures by lithium triethylhydridoborate in thf followed by the treatment with titanocene dichloride [TiCp2Cl2]. Their 77Se and 13C NMR spectra were recorded from the CS2 solution. The definite assignment of the 77Se NMR spectra was based on the PBE0/def2-TZVPP calculations of the 77Se chemical shifts and is supported by 13C NMR spectra of the samples. The following complexes in varying ratios were identified in the CS2 solutions of the phases B–E: [TiCp2Se5] (51), [TiCp2Se4S] (41), [TiCp2Se3S2] (31), [TiCp2SSe3S] (36), [TiCp2SSe2S2] (25), [TiCp2SSeS3] (12), and [TiCp2S5] (01). The disorder scheme in the chalcogen atom positions of the phases B–E observed upon crystal structure determinations is consistent with the spectral assignment. The enthalpies of formation calculated for all twenty [TiCp2SexS5−x] (x = 0–5) at DLPNO-CCSD(T)/CBS level including corrections for core-valence correlation and scalar relativistic, as well as spin-orbit coupling contributions indicated that within a given chemical composition, the isomers of most favourable enthalpy of formation were those, which were observed by 77Se and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Patient-Reported Outcomes in Cardiology.

Angina predicts outcomes from coronary artery disease, including mortality, morbidity, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare spending.1 However, patient symptoms are underreported and incompletely documented, limiting understanding of the efficacy of therapies.2 Angina can be reliably assessed using patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs): short, well-validated questionnaires assessing symptoms and quality of life.3,4 However, implementation barriers continue to hinder routine use of PROMs. We describe two strategies designed to evaluate the feasibility of PROMs assessment. In strategy 1, we implemented a system for collecting the Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7 (SAQ-7), 7 questions evaluating angina; the Rose Dyspnea Scale, 4 questions evaluating dyspnea; and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, 2 questions evaluating depression, via electronic self-administered surveys before elective coronary angiography at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and at 3 follow-up times. In strategy 2, we created a system for phone-based administration of the SAQ-7 in CAD patients receiving care at most of Massachusetts General Hospital’s (MGH) primary care clinics and affiliated health centers.
The role of Blastocystis hominis in the activation of ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Several studies have shown that a change in microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, with the emergence in recent studies of differences according to the subtype of IBD and whether the disease is active or in remission, there has started to be research into the relationship between IBD and several microorganisms. Blastocystis hominis is primary among these organisms. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of B. hominis in the acute flare-up of ulcerative colitis (UC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 114 patients with UC were included in the study, with 52 in the active phase. The Mayo scoring system was used for the activity index. Patients determined with a flare-up agent other than B. hominis were excluded from the study. Fecal samples of the patients were examined by the polymerase chain reaction method for the presence of B. hominis. RESULTS B. hominis positivity was determined in 37 (34%) patients with UC. Of the patients, 17 (32.6%) were in the acute flare-up phase, and 20 (32.2%) were in remission (p=0.961). In 11 (64.7%) of the B. hominis positive patients, the disease severity was determined as mild-moderate (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The results of the present study showed that while there was no difference between the active and remission phases in respect of B. hominis presence, there was milder involvement in those determined with B. hominis.
Relationships between stress, demographics and dietary intake behaviours among low-income pregnant women with overweight or obesity

Abstract Objective To identify demographic risk factors associated with high stress and examine the relationships between levels of stress, demographics and dietary fat, fruit and vegetable intakes in low-income pregnant women with overweight or obesity. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting Participants were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Michigan, USA. Participants Participants (n 353) were non-Hispanic Black (black) or White (white). Results Women aged 35 years or older (OR=4·09; 95% CI 1·45, 11·51) and who had high school or less education (OR=1·88; 95% CI 1·22, 2·89) or were unemployed (OR=1·89; 95% CI 1·15, 3·12) were significantly more likely to report high stress than women who were younger, had at least some college education or were employed/homemakers. However, race and smoking status were not associated with level of stress. Women with high stress reported significantly lower fruit and vegetable intakes but not fat intake than women with low stress. Women aged 35 years or older reported significantly higher vegetable but not fat or fruit intake than women who were 18–24 years old. Black women reported significantly higher fat but not fruit or vegetable intake than white women. Education, employment and smoking status were not significantly associated with dietary intake of fat, fruits and vegetables. Conclusions Nutrition counselling on reducing fat and increasing fruit and vegetable intakes may consider targeting women who are black or younger or who report high stress, respectively.
Rebooting democracy? Political data mining and biometric voter registration in Africa

ABSTRACT The introduction of biometric voter registration and biometric voter identification on election day is a new trend in most African countries. This development in turn has necessitated massive political data mining. Yet, the nexus between elections and technology poses challenges on protection of personal information. This article offers a critical discussion of legal and regulatory frameworks that govern protection of personal information in an election context. Using the international standards for personal data protection and lessons from Kenya and Ghana, it notes that Tanzania does not have a systematic regime for personal data protection. This leaves voters’ personal data without adequate protection. Accordingly, the adoption of the biometric technology in the process of registration of voters creates greater potentials for violations of personal data than it was the case with the optical mark recognition technology.
Response to article by Matthew Wasserman et al. (2018): “Modeling the sustained use of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to switching to the 10-valent vaccine in Mexico”

ABSTRACT In a recent article, Wasserman et al. estimated and forecasted the health and economic impact of switching from the 13-valent (PCV-13) to the 10-valent (PHiD-CV) pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Mexico’s national immunization program. In this response letter, we highlight various methodological inconsistencies and model input considerations that potentially bias the results and further recommendations made by the authors.
Emerging drugs for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer

ABSTRACT Introduction: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent the standard of care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring sensitizing EGFR mutations. However, these agents are associated with inevitable treatment resistance. Newer generations of TKIs are under development that may prevent or overcome resistance and enhance intracranial activity. Areas covered: In this review, we will discuss newer generations of EGFR TKIs for EGFR-mutated NSCLC. We will also address resistance mutations and escape pathways associated with these agents such as secondary mutations, downstream signaling, bypass pathways, phenotypic transformation, anti-apoptotic signaling, immune evasion, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, this article encompasses emerging data from combination trials with next-generation TKIs that are being pursued to delay or prevent the occurrence of resistance. Expert opinion: The promise and challenge of precision oncology is encapsulated in the treatment of EGFR-mutated NSCLC with TKIs. Third generation TKIs have shown superior efficacy in the front-line setting and have become standard of care. A better understanding of mechanisms of treatment failure and disease relapse will be required to develop novel therapeutic strategies to further improve patient outcomes in the future.
Carbon Information Disclosure, Marketization, and Cost of Equity Financing

Using listed enterprises in China’s heavy pollution industry from 2009 to 2013, this study tests the relationship between marketization degree, carbon information disclosure, and the cost of equity financing. The results show that, regardless of marketization degree, the overall level of carbon information disclosure of listed enterprises in China’s heavy pollution industry is low. The content of carbon information disclosure is mainly non-financial carbon information, and the financial carbon information disclosure is very low. The cost of equity financing is different in areas with different marketization degrees, specifically speaking, the cost of equity financing is lower in regions with a high marketization degree than that of a low marketization degree. Carbon information disclosure, non-financial carbon information disclosure, and financial carbon information disclosure are negatively correlated with the cost of equity financing. The marketization degree has strengthened the negative correlation between carbon information disclosure, non-financial carbon information disclosure, financial carbon information disclosure, and the cost of equity financing, respectively.
A Novel Monitoring Navigation Method for Cold Atom Interference Gyroscope

The implementation principle of a typical three-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope is introduced in this paper. Based on its configuration and current research status, the problems of cold atom interference gyro are pointed out. The data-rate is insufficient, and it is difficult to achieve high dynamic measurement. Then, based on these two limitations, a novel design of the monitoring navigation system of the cold atom interference gyroscope (CAIG) and an intermediate-grade inertial measurement unit (IMU) was proposed to obtain the long-term position result without GPS signals, such as the Inertial Navigation System (INS) in underwater vehicles. While the CAIG was used as the external gyro, the bias of IMU and the misalignment angle between the CAIG-frame and the IMU-frame are obtained through filtering technique. The simulation test and field test demonstrated the improvements of the long-term positioning accuracy of the INS.
Altered Neural Control Reduces Shear Forces and Ankle Impedance on a Slippery Surface

Objective: This study investigated the consequences of reduced ankle muscle activity on slippery surfaces. We hypothesized that reduced activation would reduce shear forces and ankle impedance to improve contact and reduce slip potential. Methods: Data were collected from unimpaired adults walking across non-slippery and slippery walkways. Set within the walkway was a robotic platform with an embedded force plate for collecting shear forces and estimating the mechanical impedance of the ankle; impedance was characterized by a model with stiffness, damping, and inertia. Results: We found a significant reduction in shear force due to reduced muscle activity in late mid-stance. We found no significant difference in stiffness between the surfaces. However, the muscle activation changes that contributed to shear force modulation occurred in late mid-stance, where reliable impedance estimates could not be made due to the foot leaving the measurement platform. When impedance could be measured, we found that a change in muscle activity predicted a change in stiffness, providing indirect estimates that stiffness was likely reduced later in stance. Conclusion: These results suggest that reduced muscle activity on slippery surfaces serves to reduce shear forces, and possibly also stiffness, during late mid-stance. Significance: These results have implications for identifying and training likely fallers, and possibly for designing prosthetic systems that help prevent falls when walking across different terrains.