Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Top quark mass in ATLAS

ATLAS has made several measurements of the top quark mass using proton-proton collision data recorded in 2012 at the LHC with a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. Those summarised here include an indirect determination of the top quark pole mass from lepton differential cross-sections; previous direct measurements of the top quark mass in the $t\bar{t}\to\textrm{dilepton}$ and $t\bar{t}\to\textrm{all-jets}$ decay channels as well as in the $t$-channel of single-top-quark production; and lastly, the new direct measurement of the top quark mass in the $t\bar{t}\to\textrm{lepton+jets}$ decay channel and its combination with previous measurements.
Lasers in Manufacturing Conference 2015 Generation of Low-Spatial Frequency Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures Driven by Surface Finish

We investigate the influence of different angles between the polishing direction of linearly polished surfaces and the electrical field of the impinging laser on the generation of low spatial frequency LIPSS on stainless steel. The electrical field is rotated with respect to the polishing direction and its effect on the orientation and homogeneity of the LIPSS is determined. In addition, the influences of the initial surface roughness and laser parameters such as the laser fluence on the generation of LIPSS are investigated. It can be shown, that the formation of LIPSS is driven by the initial surface roughness. The experimental results lead to the assumption that LIPSS are attracted by the linear grooves caused by polishing. Depending on the used parameter set, the orientation of the generated LSFL formation deviate up to a value of 45° against the common predictions. Furthermore, a dependence of the required fluence for LSFL on surface roughness and polishing direction is demonstrated. In particular, LSFL generated with a low fluence are more attracted by the surface polishing. Continuatively, the results may contribute to a further understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the generation of LIPSS. In addition, the results can be useful for producing LIPSS on large-scale for possible applications.
MULTIPLE DATA SPLITTING FOR TESTING By

Data splitting is a ubiquitous tool based on the following simple idea. Partition the data into disjoint “splits” so that one portion of the data can be allocated to simplifying the statistical problem by: learning about the underlying model; estimating, selecting, or eliminating nuisance parameters; reducing the dimension of the problem; choosing the form of an estimator or test statistic, etc. Then, formal inference can be based on the independent (complement) second portion of the data. Typically, the problem of constructing tests that control a measure of Type 1 error is made much easier by data splitting. Moreover, in single or multiple testing problems that include a large number of parameters, there can be a dramatic increase of power by reducing the number of parameters tested, particularly if the underlying parameter is relatively sparse. A criticism of single splitting is a loss of power or efficiency due to testing on only a fraction of the data, though carefully selection of a test statistic may in turn improve power. In addition, a single split method can be viewed as unsatisfactory since it would rely on an arbitrary split or ordering of the data (and hence violate the sufficiency principle). To combat the possible loss of power with single splitting, we propose repeated splitting by computing tests over many splits of the data. Assuming each split results in a p-value, the problem becomes how to combine these now very dependent p-values to construct one overall procedure. In this paper, we present some general methods that exhibit rigorous error control, both in finite samples and asymptotically. The power of these methods are compared with each other, as well as the power of full data tests and tests using only a single split of the data.
Does Learner-Centred Approach Improve High School Learners’ Understanding of Acids and Bases Topic? A Case of Two Selected Secondary Schools in Ohangwena Region, Namibia

This paper presents findings on a study that was conducted at two selected secondary schools in Ohangwena educational region in Namibia. The study used a quantitative approach to investigate if using learner-centred approach improves learners’ understanding of acids and bases. With a sample of 80 grade 11 learners taking Physical Science Ordinary level, a quasi-experimental design was used to collect data from two schools for two weeks (one week at each school). The Pre-test, post-test scores from the control group consisting of 40 learners from school A and an experimental group of 40 learners from school B were used to establish the cause and effect relationship between the use of Learner-Centred Approach (LCA) and learners’ understanding of acids and bases based on their performance in the tests were given. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the quantitative data from the tests cores and a t-test analysis was conducted for both groups. The study results indicated that the experimental group performed better than the control group. It also emerged that using various learner-centred activities attracted learners’ interests in learning and understanding acids and bases. It is therefore concluded that learner-centred approaches improved high school learners’ understanding of the topic acids and bases. The study recommends that Physical Science teachers should make the teaching and learning of acids and bases more practical-based by using learner-centred approaches.
Stellar mass functions: methods, systematics and results for the local Universe

We present a comprehensive method for determining stellar mass functions, and apply it to samples in the local Universe. We combine the classical 1/Vmax approach with STY, a parametric maximum likelihood method and SWML, a non-parametric maximum likelihood technique. In the parametric approach, we are assuming that the stellar mass function can be modelled by either a single or a double Schechter function and we use a likelihood ratio test to determine which model provides a better fit to the data. We discuss how the stellar mass completeness as a function of z biases the three estimators and how it can affect, especially the low mass end of the stellar mass function. We apply our method to SDSS DR7 data in the redshift range from 0.02 to 0.06. We find that the entire galaxy sample is best described by a double Schechter function with the following parameters: $\log (M^{*}/M_\odot) = 10.79 \pm 0.01$, $\log (\Phi^{*}_1/\mathrm{h^3\ Mpc^{-3}}) = -3.31 \pm 0.20$, $\alpha_1 = -1.69 \pm 0.10$, $\log (\Phi^{*}_2/\mathrm{h^3\ Mpc^{-3}}) = -2.01 \pm 0.28$ and $\alpha_2 = -0.79 \pm 0.04$. We also use morphological classifications from Galaxy Zoo and halo mass, overdensity, central/satellite, colour and sSFR measurements to split the galaxy sample into over 130 subsamples. We determine and present the stellar mass functions and the best fit Schechter function parameters for each of these subsamples.
More than Connectedness – Heterogeneity of CEO Social Network and Firm Value

This paper examines through various channels the effects of CEO social network heterogeneity on firm value. We construct four measures of heterogeneity based on demographic attributes, intellectual backgrounds, professional experience, and geographical exposures of individuals in the CEO social network. We find that CEO social network heterogeneity leads to higher Tobin's Q of firms. Greater CEO social network heterogeneity also leads to: (i) more innovation, (ii) more foreign sales growth, (iii) higher investment sensitivity to Tobin’s Q, and (iv) better M&A performance. Overall, our results indicate that CEO social network heterogeneity is an aspect of CEO social capital and soft skills that deserves the attention of shareholders.
A comparison of sources of odd nitrogen production from 1974 through 1993 in the Earth's middle atmosphere as calculated using a two‐dimensional model

The odd nitrogen source strengths associated with solar proton events (SPEs), galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), and the oxidation of nitrous oxide in the Earth's middle atmosphere from 1974 through 1993 have been compared globally, at middle and lower latitudes ( 50 o) with a two-dimensional photochemical transport model. As discovered previously, the oxidation of nitrous oxide dominates the global odd nitrogen source, while GCRs and SPEs are significant at polar latitudes. The horizontal transport of odd nitrogen, produced by the oxidation of nitrous oxide at latitudes <50 o, was found to be the dominant source of odd nitrogen in the polar regions, with GCRs contributing substantially during the entire solar cycle. The source of odd nitrogen from SPEs was more sporadic; however, contributions during several years (mostly near solar maximum) were significant in the polar middle atmosphere.
A Survey on the Programmable Data Plane: Abstractions, Architectures, and Open Problems

Programmable switches allow the packet processing behavior to be applied to transmitted packets, including the type, sequence, and semantics of processing operations, to be reconfigured on the fly in a systematic fashion. As such, programmable switches are the key to realize the next-generation of network services and applications, including software-defined networking, 5G, IoT, and massive-scale cloud computing. This paper presents a survey on the recent trends and issues in the design and implementation of programmable network devices, focusing on the prominent abstractions and architectures proposed, debated, realized, and deployed during the last 10 years. First we describe the anatomy of a programmable switch, then we highlight the most important pointers from the literature and cast different taxonomies for the field, and finally we sketch open issues and possible future research directions.
Turbulent flames in astrophysical combustion

Combustion processes drive the evolution of many astrophysical systems [1]. In particular, the evolution of stars is due to an interplay of gravitation and nuclear conversion processes. As stellar objects are on a macroscopic scale described by gas dynamics, their modeling is based on the corresponding balance laws of mass, momentum and energy, including (in the simplest case) source terms due to gravity and nuclear reactions. This constitues the description of combustion in stellar objects – depending on the scales under consideration possibly combined with “microphysical” models for energy transport phenomena.
Performance Comparison of IEEE 802.1 TSN Time Aware Shaper (TAS) and Asynchronous Traffic Shaper (ATS)

The IEEE 802.1 time sensitive networking working group has recently standardized the time aware shaper (TAS). The TAS provides deterministic latency guarantees but requires tight time synchronization in all network switches. This paper thoroughly evaluates the mean and maximum packet delays and packet losses of the TAS for a typical industrial control ring network for random (sporadic) and for periodic traffic. We propose and evaluate adaptive bandwidth sharing and adaptive slotted window mechanisms to make TAS adaptive to traffic fluctuations. This paper further evaluates the asynchronous traffic shaper (ATS), which has been proposed to provide low latency network service without the need for time synchronization in network nodes. Our evaluations indicate that TAS with proper configurations, e.g., accurate and precise gating schedules, generally achieves the specified latency bounds for both sporadic and periodic traffic. In contrast, ATS performs relatively well for sporadic traffic; but struggles for moderate to high loads of periodic traffic.
VESPER: A Real-time Processing Framework for Vehicle Perception Augmentation

With today’s intelligent vehicles, there are a variety of information-rich sensors, both on and off-board, that can stream data to assist drivers. In the future, we imagine physical infrastructure capable of sensing and communicating data to vehicles to improve a driver’s awareness on the road. To process this data and present information to the driver in real-time, we introduce VESPER, a real-time processing framework and online scheduling algorithm designed to exploit distributed devices that are connected via wireless links. A significant feature of the VESPER algorithm is its ability to navigate the trade-off between accuracy and computational complexity of modern machine learning tools by adapting the workload, while still satisfying latency and throughput requirements. We refer to this capability as polymorphic computing. VESPER also scales opportunistically to leverage the computational resources of external devices. We evaluate VESPER on an image-processing pipeline and demonstrate that it outperforms offloading schemes based on static workloads.
Process Capability Indexes Determination on Tabletting Performance during the Process Validation for Metamizol Tablets

The aim of the present study was to provide a numerical measure, through the process capability indexes (PCIs), Cp and C pk , on whether or not the manufacturing process can be considered capable of producing metamizol (500 mg) tablets. They were also used as statistical tool in order to prove the consistency of the tabletting process, making sure that the tablet weight and the content uniformity of metamizol are able to comply with the preset requirements. Besides that, the ANOVA, the t-test and the test for equal variances were applied to this study, allowing additional knowledge of the tabletting phase. Therefore, the proposed statistical approach intended to assure more safety, precision and accuracy on the process validation analysis.
Effect of Inter Row Spacing on Yield Components and Yield of Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merrill] Varieties in Dale Sedi District, Western Ethiopia

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivation is originated in China around 1700-1100 B.C. Soybean is now cultivated throughout East and Southeast Asia, North America, Brazil and Africa where people depend on it for food, animal feed and medicine. It is highly industrialized in developed countries, providing more than a quarter of world’s food and animal feed requirement in addition to protein [1]. Its domestication began in Eastern Asia in the 11th century B.C. and continues today to be the foundation of East Asian nutrition and cuisine [2].
SW-Uinta : A Small-World P 2 P Overlay Network *

In this paper, we propose a new structured P2P overlay network, named SW-Uinta, where employs a non-deterministic caching strategy that allows for polylogarithmic search time while having only a constant cache size. Compared with deterministic caching strategies proposed by previous P2P systems, the non-deterministic caching strategy can reduce communication overhead for maintaining the routing cache table. Cache entries in the peer can be updated by subsequent queries rather than only by running stabilization periodically. A novel cache replacement scheme is used to improve lookup performance. We compare the performance of our system with that of other structured P2P networks such as Chord and Uinta. It shows that the SW-Uinta protocol can achieve improved object lookup performance and reduce maintenance cost compared with some other protocols.
Uma Análise na Classificação de Risco em Hospitais de Pronto Atendimento

O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso sobre o uso da técnica de mineração com a classificação de risco em um hospital público de pronto atendimento. Atualmente, o hospital utiliza o padrão de acolhimento proposto pelo (Sistema Único de Saúde), onde busca priorizar os casos mais graves para agilizar seu atendimento. O sistema, com base em parâmetros, sugere uma classificação ao paciente e cabe ao responsável pela classificação concordar ou não com a sugestão, podendo assim mudar a classificação do paciente. O trabalho consiste em interpretar os padrões de classificação dos pacientes, para que assim possam ser otimizados as etapas de classificação, de modo que a triagem, que atualmente necessita de quatro etapas, possa chegar a um resultado ao enfermeiro sem a necessidade de informar os qualificadores da classificação, diminuindo o tempo de atendimento e os riscos do paciente, bem como tornar a forma de sugestão da classificação mais próxima do que o enfermeiro classifica. Durante a execução deste trabalho foi possíıvel observar uma divergência muito grande em relação a sugestão do sistema com relação à classificação registrada pelo enfermeiro. O resultado encontrado com as regras obteve uma acurácia de 80%.
Petrology and Origin of Ferromagnesian Silicate Chondrules

Ferromagnesian silicate chondrules are major components of most primitive meteorites. The shapes, textures, and mineral compositions of these chondrules are consistent with crystallization of a molten droplet that was floating freely in space in the presence of a gas. The texture and mineralogy of a chondrule reflects the nature and composition of its precursor material as well as its thermal history. There is an enduring debate about the degree to which chondrules interacted with the ambient gas during formation. In particular, it is uncertain whether or not chondrules experienced evaporation during heating and recondensation during cooling. The extent to which these processes took place in chondrule melts varied as a function of the duration of heating as well as the environmental conditions such as pressure, temperature, composition, and size. Thus, locked in chondrule bulk compositions, mineralogy, and textures are clues to the ambient conditions of the solar nebula and the nature of material processing in the inner solar system at the early stages of planet formation. Here we survey what is known about the properties of ferromagnesian chondrules in primitive meteorites and use this information to place constraints on these important parameters. The topics covered in this chapter are listed in Table 1.
Analysis of Quality of Service of Wireless LAN for IEEE 802 . 11 e Information Networks

Nowadays Wireless LAN is playing a more and more important role in network systems. After 1999, in which the IEEE organization published its Wireless Local Network standard 802.11[1], many people saw the advantages of the standard but also the lack of support for multimedia streaming. A lot of research work has been done on the proposed IEEE 802.11e standard draft during the past 4 years. It is supposed to be able to fully support Quality of Service. The final version will be published early in 2004. In my thesis, I propose two possible methods to improve the performance of service differentiation in the MAC layer. The first one is called PCWA (Practical Contention Window Adjustment). It is a method with which the station finds a best size of its contention window when running the EDCF (Enhanced Distributed Coordination Function) access method. It helps to improve the total system throughput, the jitter and the delay of traffics with different priorities. The second method is called AIPM (Adaptive Initiative Polling Machine). It uses the polling mechanism for differential service, intelligently arranging the polling time to reduce the delay as much as possible, achieving large improvement in performance. This method significantly increases the total system throughput, while the delay and jitter of the traffics are very much small in comparison to EDCF.
Winning Businesses in Product Development: The Critical Success Factors

OVERVIEW: 2007 is Research-Technology Management's 50th year of publication. To mark the occasion, each issue reprints one of RTM's six most frequently referenced articles. The articles were identified by N. Thongpapanl and Jonathan D. Linton in their 2004 study of technology innovation management journals, a citation-based study in which RTM ranked third out of 25 specialty journals in that field (see RTM, May–June 2004, pp. 5–6). The benchmarking study reprinted here was originally published in 1996 and has been updated with its author's reflections. Their study of 161 business units uncovered the key drivers of new product performance at the business unit level. Ten different performance measures were gauged, including percentage of sales by new products, profitability and success rate. The ten gauges were reduced to two key performance dimensions—profitability and impact—which defined the “performance map. ” Nine possible drivers—including strategy, process, organizational design, and climate for innovation—were investigated, and four key drivers of performance were identified; namely, a high-quality new product process, the new product strategy for the business unit, resource availability, and R&D spending levels. Merely having a formal new product process had no impact.
An ESP using Bipolar-discharge with DC High Voltage for Road Tunnels

Two-stage-type ESPs (electrostatic precipitators) are composed of ionizers and collectors. DC high voltage is applied to the discharge poles in the front stage ionizers. Particles passing through the space of positive or negative corona are charged. The rear stage collectors capture the particles. Although spike-typed dischargers are adopted widely, the spikes in this test are arranged not only in the voltage-applied plates but also in the earth-plates in the ionizer. As the test result, particles are collected by the discharge from both the voltage-applied plates and the earth-plates. The discharge in earth-plates generates ions with opposite polarity to that of voltage-applied plates. This bipolar collection method with the simultaneous positive-and-negative discharge shows a possibility that particles are efficiently captured not only on earth-plates but also on voltage-applied plates in the collector. This study implies the bipolar-discharge ESPs are suitable for smaller ESPs.
Behavioral / Cognitive Perceptual Learning at a Conceptual Level

Rui Wang,1,2* Jie Wang,1* Jun-Yun Zhang,2* Xin-Yu Xie,2* Yu-Xiang Yang,2 Shu-Han Luo,1 Cong Yu,2 and Wu Li1 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, and 2Department of Psychology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University 100871 Beijing, China
On the incentives to form strategic coalitions in ATM markets

This paper studies ATM coalitions in retail banking. We ask when it is profitable for banks to make agreements which ban direct ATM transaction fees. In the case of a coalition banks loose income from ATM transactions but relax competition in the banking market. We find that such agreements are profitable when the interchange fee is sufficiently high. When banks can collude on the interchange they always form a coalition. Coalitions may harm consumers but lead to higher total welfare. Moreover, we find that smaller banks have larger incentives to form ATM coalitions. Investment in ATM networks is typically higher with a coalition.
Fabrication and Radio Frequency Characterization of Graphene Interconnect

In this study, large area of single, double, and multi-layer graphene Co Planar Waveguide (CPW) is fabricated using Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (APCVD) process. The intrinsic room temperature radio frequency characteristic is measured via direct contact to graphene surface with probe tip ranging from 0.1 GHz to 40 GHz. The physics based equivalent circuit model is designed which reproduce all the measured characteristics. Results show that multi-layer graphene could be a strong candidate for using the high frequency interconnect application in observed high frequency region.