Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enabling better pregnancy monitoring: The case of point-of-care diagnosis in fetal echocardiography

A major challenge in pre-natal healthcare delivery is the lack of devices and clin1 icians in several areas of the developing world. While the advent of portable 2 ultrasound machines and more recently, handheld probes, have brought down the 3 capital costs, the shortage of trained manpower is a serious impediment towards 4 ensuring the mitigation of maternal and infant mortality. Diagnosis of pre-natal 5 ultrasound towards several key pre-natal health indicators can be modelled as an im6 age analysis problem amenable to present day state-of-the art deep learning based 7 image and video understanding pipelines. However, deep learning based analysis 8 typically involves memory intensive models and the requirement of significant 9 computational resources, which is a challenging prospect in point-of-care health10 care applications. With the advent of portable ultrasound systems, it is increasingly 11 possible to expand the reach of automated prenatal health diagnosis. To accomplish 12 that, there is a need for lightweight architectures that can perform image analysis 13 tasks without a large memory or computational footprint. We propose a lightweight 14 convolutional architecture for assessment of ultrasound videos, suitable for those 15 acquired using mobile probes or converted from a DICOM standard from portable 16 machines. As exemplar of approach, we validated our pipeline for fetal heart 17 assessment (a first step towards identification of congenital heart defects) inclusive 18 of viewing plane identification and visibility prediction in fetal echocardiography. 19 This was attempted by models using optimised kernel windows and the construction 20 of image representations using salient features from multiple scales with relative 21 feature importance gauged at each of these scales using weighted attention maps 22 for different stages of the convolutional operations. Such a representation is found 23 to improve model performances at significant economization of model size, and 24 has been validated on real-world clinical videos. 25
Active Set Type Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization in Hyperspectral Unmixing

Hyperspectral unmixing is a powerful method of the remote sensing image mining that identifies the constituent materials and estimates the corresponding fractions from the mixture. We consider the application of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) for the mining and analysis of spectral data. In this paper, we develop two effective active set type NMF algorithms for hyperspectral unmixing. Because the factor matrices used in unmixing have sparse features, the active set strategy helps reduce the computational cost. These active set type algorithms for NMF is based on an alternating nonnegative constrained least squares (ANLS) and achieve a quadratic convergence rate under the reasonable assumptions. Finally, numerical tests demonstrate that these algorithms work well and that the function values decrease faster than those obtained with other algorithms.
Chaos in Nonlinear Dynamic Systems: Helicopter Vibration

The nonlinear dynamic behavior of a helicopter is considered in this paper, using only real-time flight data analysis. The main objective of this study is to characterize the vibration mechanism(s), based on the analysis of the time-series data of the dynamical system, specifically acceleration for two different airspeeds with a sampling ra te of 1024 Hz. We explore the possibility of the presence of chaotic behavior in the time-series data, using a systematic, detai led approach. Some background in the theory of chaos in nonlinear dynamical systems is discussed, and techniques for the identification of chaos in time-series data are presente d. Several topics including delay-coordinate embedding theo ry, delay time and dimension calculation, and Lyapunov exponent computation for chaotic systems are described. In each section, time-series data sets from the helicopter are anal yzed and examined; in some sections classical examples such as the Hénon Map and Lorenz System are also considered to provide illustrative results. Finally, implications rega rding the possibility of chaotic behavior in the dynamical system is discussed, and the next steps in this study are presented.
AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0024 TITLE: Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Image-Guided Needle Biopsy of the Prostate PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Richard Bouchard CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has shown tremendous promise in providing valuable diagnostic and therapy-monitoring information in select clinical procedures. Many of these pursued applications, however, have been relatively superficial due to difficulties with delivering light deep into tissue. To address this limitation, this work investigates generating a PA image using an interstitial irradiation source with a clinical ultrasound (US) system, which was shown to yield improved PA signal quality at distances beyond 13 mm and to provide improved spectral fidelity. Additionally, interstitially driven multi-wavelength PA imaging was able to provide accurate spectra of gold nanoshells and deoxyhemoglobin in excised prostate and liver tissue, respectively, and allowed for clear visualization of a wire at 7 cm in excised liver. This work demonstrates the potential of using a local irradiation source to extend the depth capabilities of future PA imaging techniques for minimally invasive interventional radiology procedures. 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Mode- and wavelength-multiplexed transmission with crosstalk mitigation using a single amplified spontaneous emission source

We propose to use the low-coherence property of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise to mitigate optical crosstalk, such as spatial, polarization, and modal crosstalk, which currently limits the density of photonic integration and fibers for dense space-division multiplexing. High optical crosstalk tolerance can be achieved by ASE-based low-coherence matched detection, which avoids dedicated optical lasers and uses spectrally filtered ASE noise as the signal carrier and as a matched local oscillator. We experimentally demonstrate spatial and modal crosstalk reduction in multimode fiber (MMF) and realize mode- and wavelength-multiplexed transmission over 1.5-km MMF supporting three spatial modes using a single ASE source. Performance degradation due to model dispersion over MMF is experimentally investigated.
KINEMATIC ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF DIFFERENTIAL SCREW ACTUATOR

The paper considers structural and kinemat ic studi es of differential screw actuators. For a distinct type of kinemat ic chain named Closed Differential Screw Mec hanis m, consisting of an ordinary gear train and a crew pair, synthesis by minimal velocity ratio is done. The ma in dependences and values of the mechanism paramete rs ar obtained so the min imum of velocity of the output l ink to be achieved.
A study on the relationship between Tabriz high school teachers’ sense of efficacy and their educational quality

For many years, one of the main aims of pedagogy is the promotion of educational quality. Any impressive achievement in educational quality and pedagogy needs to be active participation and support by teachers. Considering the important role of the teacher in promotion of educational quality, this study was to investigate the relationship between Tabriz high school teachers’ senses of efficacy and their educational quality to shed some lights on the blurred issues in this regard. To this end 60 high school teachers (30 psychology teachers and 30 physics teachers) were selected from the population of study. For assessing educational quality, Flanders Interaction Analysis Category, and for evaluating teachers’ sense of efficacy, Ohio Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale was used. The results of Canonical correlation indicated teacher’s sense of efficacy is significantly related to the indirect to direct teaching method and teacherstudent reactions.
The Indirect ELISA Trypanosoma evansi in Equids: Optimisation and Application to a Serological Survey including Racing Horses, in Thailand

Surra, caused by Trypanosoma evansi, is a widely distributed animal trypanosomosis; it affects both domestic and wild mammals with high economic impact. Clinical picture is moderate in bovines but severe in equids. Surra is also an important constraint for international animal trade and movements. Despite its impact, surra remains poorly diagnosed because of low sensitivity tests. To improve epidemiological knowledge of the disease and to secure international movement, efficient diagnosis tools are required. Here, we optimized and applied to equids the OIE-recommended indirect ELISA T. evansi that was validated in other species. Based on 96 positive and 1,382 negative horse reference samples from Thailand, a TG-ROC analysis was conducted to define the cutoff value. ELISA's sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 97.5% and 100%, respectively, qualifying the test to provide a reliable immune status of equids. The test was then applied on 1,961 horse samples from 18 Thai Provinces; the only scarce positives suggested that horses do not constitute a reservoir of T. evansi in Thailand. All samples from racing horses were negative. Conversely, two outbreaks of surra reported to our laboratory, originating from a bovine reservoir, exhibited high morbidity and lethality rates in horses. Finally, posttreatment follow-ups of infected animals allowed us to provide outbreak management guidelines.
EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION AND SCALE UP ON THE POLYGALACTURONASE PRODUCTION

Pektinazlar, uzun zaman onceden beri bir cok endustriyel uygulama icin kullanilmistir. Bu enzimlerin en buyuk endustriyel uygulamasi meyve suyu ve sarap uretiminde ekstraksiyon, berraklastirma ve filtrasyon ayrica meyve ve sebzelerin maserayonudur. Hucre duvarinin enzimatik parcalanmasi yoluyla etki ederler. Bu calismada, substrat konsantrasyonunun ve olcek buyutmenin PG aktivitesi ve biyokutle uretimi uzerindeki etkilerini arastirmak icin daha once erlenlerde optimize edilmis medya formulasyonunun kesikli tip 1 L olcekli seri biyoreaktor sistemi ve 5 L olcekte kullanilmasi amaclanmistir. Sonuc olarak, 5 L olcekli biyoreaktor deneylerinde elde edilen ortalama PG aktivitesinin (101,29 U/ml), 1 L olcekli substrat konsantrasyonu deneyinden elde edilen 40 g/L portakal kabugu konsantrasyonundaki maksimum PG aktivitesinden (88,55 U/ml) daha yuksek oldugu belirlenmistir. Ayrica 60 g/L portakal kabugu konsantrasyonu haric substrat konsantrasyonu arttikcaPG aktivitesi de artmistir.
New Structured Scintillators for Neutron Radiography

We report on the development of novel neutron scintillators fabricated in microcolumnar formats using the physical vapour deposition (PVD) method. Such structures mitigate the conventional trade-off between spatial resolution and detection efficiency by channelling the scintillation light towards the detector while minimizing lateral spread in the film. Consequently, high resolution and high contrast neutron images can be acquired in a time efficient manner. In this paper, we discuss methods and characterization for scintillator films made from three distinct compositions, Thallium (Tl) or Europium (Eu) doped Lithium Cesium Iodide (Li3Cs2I5:Tl,Eu, referred to as LCI), Tl or Eu doped Lithium Sodium Iodide (LixNa1xI:Tl,Eu, referred to as LNI) , and Cerium (Ce)-doped Gadolinium Iodide (GdI3:Ce, referred to as GDI). LCI and LNI scintillators are derived from the well-known CsI and NaI scintillators by the incorporation of Li into their lattice. Based on our measurements reported here, LCI/LNI scintillators have shown to exhibit bright emissions, fast, sub-microsecond decay, and an ability to effectively discriminate between neutron and gamma interactions using pulse shape (PSD) and/or pulse height (PHD) discrimination. LCI has a density of 4.5 g/cm, a measured peak emission wavelength of 460 nm (doped with Eu), and a light yield of ~50,000 photons/thermal neutron. LNI has a density of 3.6 g/cm, an emission peak measured at 420 nm, and a light yield of ~100,000 photons/thermal neutron. The recently discovered GDI exhibits excellent scintillation properties including a bright emission of up to 5,000 photons/thermal neutron interaction, 550 nm green emission, a rise time of ~0.5 ns and a primary decay time of ~38 ns (Glodo et al., 2006). Its high thermal neutron crosssection of ~255 kb makes it an attractive candidate for neutron detection and imaging. Although it has high density of 5.2 gm/cm and effective atomic number of 57, its gamma sensitivity can be minimized by lowering the film thickness and its neutron sensitivity can be maximized through the use of enriched Gd. The fabrication of micro-structured films of these materials using an evaporation technique permits the cost-effective volume synthesis of highquality neutron scintillators over large areas (20 cm x 20 cm) in short time. In addition, the vapour deposition permits stoichiometry and dopant control not possible using conventional crystal growth. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Paul Scherrer Institut.
Falcon 2.0: An Entity and Relation Linking Tool over Wikidata

The Natural Language Processing (NLP) community has significantly contributed to the solutions for entity and relation recognition from a natural language text, and possibly linking them to proper matches in Knowledge Graphs (KGs). Considering Wikidata as the background KG, there are still limited tools to link knowledge within the text to Wikidata. In this paper, we present Falcon 2.0, the first joint entity and relation linking tool over Wikidata. It receives a short natural language text in the English language and outputs a ranked list of entities and relations annotated with the proper candidates in Wikidata. The candidates are represented by their Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) in Wikidata. Falcon 2.0 resorts to the English language model for the recognition task (e.g., N-Gram tiling and N-Gram splitting), and then an optimization approach for the linking task. We have empirically studied the performance of Falcon 2.0 on Wikidata and concluded that it outperforms all the existing baselines. Falcon 2.0 is open source and can be reused by the community; all the required instructions of Falcon 2.0 are well-documented at our GitHub repository (https://github.com/SDM-TIB/falcon2.0). We also demonstrate an online API, which can be run without any technical expertise. Falcon 2.0 and its background knowledge bases are available as resources at https://labs.tib. eu/falcon/falcon2/.
Synchronization of Mutually Delay-Coupled Quantum Cascade Lasers with Distinct Pump Strengths

The rate equations for two delay-coupled quantum cascade lasers are investigated analytically in the limit of weak coupling and small frequency detuning. We mathematically derive two coupled Adler delay differential equations for the phases of the two electrical fields and show that these equations are no longer valid if the ratio of the two pump parameters is below a critical power of the coupling constant. We analyze this particular case and derive new equations for a single optically injected laser where the delay is no longer present in the arguments of the dependent variables. Our analysis is motivated by the observations of Bogris et al. (IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. El. 23, 1500107 (2017)), who found better sensing performance using two coupled quantum cascade lasers when one laser was operating close to the threshold.
Diet, Diabetes Status, and Personal Experiences of Individuals with Type 2 diabetes Who Self-Selected and Followed a Low Carbohydrate High Fat diet Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy

Background: Low carbohydrate high fat (LCHF) diets are increasing in popularity amongst patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), however it is unclear what constitutes a sustainable LCHF diet in a real-world setting. Methods: This descriptive multi-method study characterized the diets, T2D status, and personal experiences of individuals with T2D who claimed to have followed an LCHF diet for at least 6 months. Participants completed a medications history, mixed-method dietary assessment, provided a blood sample, and were interviewed in-depth about their experiences with the diet (First-Assessment). Past medical records were obtained corresponding to T2D diagnosis and prior to starting their LCHF diets. Additionally, participants were followed up 15 months later to assess T2D remission (Follow-Up). Results: Twenty-eight participants completed First-Assessment and 24 completed Follow-Up. Habitual carbohydrate intake was 20 to 50 g/d for 10 participants and 50 to 115 g/d for 17 participants. Commonly reported foods were full-fat dairy, non-starchy vegetables, coconut oil, eggs, nuts, olives and avocados, olive oil, and red meat and poultry with fat. Median (interquartile range) for HbA1c was 7.5 (6.5 – 9.5) % prior to starting their diets, 5.8 (5.4 – 6.2) % at First-Assessment and 5.9 (5.3 – 6.6) % at Follow-Up. Reported body weight and glucose-lowering medication requirements were considerably lower at both assess-ments than when starting the diet. At Follow-Up, 24 participants had been following their LCHF diets for 35 (26 – 53) months, the majority of which were in full or partial T2D remission. Participants perceived reduced hunger and cravings as one of the most important aspects of their diets. Of concern, many participants felt unsupported by their doctors. Conclusion: This study described the foods and characteristics of an LCHF “ lifestyle ” that was sustainable and effective for certain T2D patients in a real-world setting. This study described the foods and characteristics of an LCHF “ lifestyle ” that was sustainable and effective for certain T2D patients in a real-world setting.
Multivariate Analysis of Solar City Economics

Previous research suggests that the potential for city‐ scale photovoltaic (PV) applications is substantial across the globe. Successful implementation of “solar city” options will depend on the strategic application of finance mechanisms, solar energy soft cost policies, and other policy tools, as well as the grid price of electricity. Capital markets recently have embraced the roll‐out of new financial instruments, including “green bonds,” which could be incorporated into solar city project design to attract large investments at a low cost. A multivariate analysis method is employed to consider solar city possibilities for six cities: Amsterdam, London, Munich, New York, Seoul, and Tokyo. A Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to capture the probabilistic nature of uncertainties in the parameters and their relative importance to the financial viability of a solar city project. The analysis finds that solar city implementation strategies can be practical under a broad range of circumstances.
NDT_A_227468 3359..3366

Lan Li Hui Dai 2 Jun Ke Cen Shi Nan Jiang 2 Chun-Mei Yang 1Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 215006, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, People’s Republic of China Purpose: To explore the functional connection strength (FCS) changes of brain networks in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and uncover the underlying mechanism. Methods and Materials: Twenty-one patients with DR and 21 ageand sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled from August 2012 to September 2014. Subjects were scanned using 3T MR with blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) and 3-dimension fast spoiled gradient echo (3D-FSPGR) sequences. MR data was analyzed via preprocessing and functional network construction. After a group comparison, components of brain networks with significant group differences were extracted and the FCS of the brain network was evaluated. The brain areas were compared between patients and controls. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Connection strength was evaluated with alphasim, P<0.01. Results: The component maps of altered brain networks with quantified FCS were obtained in DR patients, demonstrating more disconnections mainly in the bilateral Heschl's gyrus, left cuneus, left occipital lobe, bilateral amygdala, left parahippocampal, bilateral fusiform, and left superior parietal in the patients group compared to the healthy controls (P<0.01), while compensations may occur in the frontal-cingulum region, as well as among the right caudate, left thalamus, left inferior temporal lobe, and middle orbital frontal lobe. Conclusion: Brain network connections, decreased in the brain areas of which in charging with cognition and visual function, suggests that DR patients might have cognitive decline and visual function loss. However, there might be a frontal compensatory circle in patients with DR.
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY PROGRAMME computational and genomic tools to improve our understanding of the and of

We want to explore how auto-phosphorylation drives the functional and conformational landscape of FAK, in a full-length setting, and how phosphorylation interferes with the assembly and interaction with substrates and signalling partners such as RET ( both wild-type and oncogenic variants ) and c-Src. Using a phospho-proteomic approach we already identified unexpected phospho-sites and revealed a previously unknown switch for FAK catalytic activation by N-terminal elements, which could be therapeutically exploited to design and develop next generation FAK inhibitors.
Activities of Daily Living after Hip Fracture: Pre- and Post Discharge

Sixty-one individuals hospitalized for hip fractures received activities of daily living (ADL) assessments during the 3 days prior to discharge. Information was also collected regarding anticipated role loss, depression, mental status, health status, and social support. Independence in ADL at home was measured 3 weeks following discharge by telephone interviews. The concordance between predischarge and post discharge ADL scores was low but statistically significant (Kw = .223; p < .05). Approximately 50.8% of the subjects demonstrated greater dependence post discharge. More dependent ADL performance at home was not related to role loss, depression, mental status, health status, or social support. Predischarge ADL assessments are often taken into consideration when formulating discharge plans. However, these evaluations do not always accurately predict post discharge ADL independence. It is recommended, therefore, that community follow-up be carried out with patients who have fractured hips.