Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
P L ] 4 N ov 2 01 5 Interactive Answer Set Programming — Preliminary Report —

Traditional Answer Set Programming (ASP) rests upon one-sh ot solving. A logic program is fed into an ASP system and its stable mo dels are computed. The high practical relevance of dynamic application s led to the development of multi-shot solving systems. An operative system sol ves continuously changing logic programs. Although this was primarily aimin g at dynamic applications in assisted living, robotics, or stream reasoni ng, where solvers interact with an environment, it also opened up the opportunity of int eractive ASP, where a solver interacts with a user. We begin with a formal charact erization of interactive ASP in terms of states and operations on them. In turn, we describe the interactive ASP shell aspicalong with its basic functionalities.
Analysis of the Use of Different Decoding Schemes in LDPC Coded OFDM Systems over Indoor PLC Channels

Power line communication (PLC) method is a developing technology that is intended to provide a communication platform by using conventional power lines. In this study, bit error rate (BER) performances of low-density parity-check (LDPC) coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems have been examined over indoor PLC channels. Performances of different LDPC decoder schemes such as belief propagation (BP), weighted bit flipping (WBF) and implementation-efficient reliability ratio based weighted bit flipping (IRRWBF) decoders were investigated in the modelled system. Different indoor channel scenarios that were generated by using new and more realistic PLC channel model proposal were also employed to evaluate the BER performance analyses. The performed simulations in the PLC channels showed that the LDPC codes can provide significant improvement with a remarkable encoding complexity when the BP or IRRWBF decoder is utilized on the receiver unit. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eee. 20.10. 8879
FUZZY LOOK-UP TABLE FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND DECISION MAKING

The knowledge management is one of the most important tasks in education. The main problem presented in this process is the transmission of the knowledge and the understanding of the student. In this area, the interpretation produces variations of a concept and this condition produces errors. The use of the expert systems provides an interpretation with a degree of freedom to evaluate a concept and allows the knowledge management without expertise. The results obtained show that the expert approach provides an evaluation with a tolerable variation accepted by the principal organizations dedicated to measurement and standardization.
Impacts of TAM-based External Factors on Blackboard System Continuance Usage

Blackboard solutions have been deployed in most Saudi Arabia universities, but it appears that the students who use blackboard system were incapable to the imperative blackboard system. The main motives for this might be that students do not accept and usage the blackboard system suitably. This study will make involvement to the present body of TAM theory components and adding others external construct like “social learning, IT infrastructure & system excellence, and course quality”. Author focus on blackboard system use in Taibah University; data gathered from online survey of students using blackboard system. Then, the proposed model was investigated and tested, for analysis smart PLS was used. Keywords : Blackboard, technological acceptance model (TAM), partial least squares (PLS).
International trade and endogenous standards: the case of GMO regulations

Abstract This paper quantifies the effect of GMO regulation on bilateral trade flows of agricultural products. We develop a composite index of GMO regulations and using a gravity model we show that bilateral differences in GMO regulation negatively affect trade flows. This effect is especially driven by labeling, approval process, and traceability. Our results are robust to the endogeneity of GMO standards to trade flows.
Complex origins of the Lusitania biogeographic province and northeastern Atlantic fishes

The Lusitania Province encompasses the warm temperate marine waters between the southern end of the English Channel, in the North, and Cape Juby or Cape Blanco, in the South, including the Mediterranean and the archipelagoes of the Azores, Madeira and the Canary Is- lands. Briggs and Bowen (2012) proposed that the warm temperate provinces, although retain- ing their provincial status, should be grouped with the adjacent tropical ones. Thus, they in- cluded the Lusitania Province in a warm eastern Atlantic region. We argue that the time elapsed since the Miocene was sufficient to allow the evolution of endemic species, genera and some higher rank taxa, a finding that emphasizes the convenience to avoid the integration of the province in this larger region. The tropicality index for the Lusitania Provi nce is 1.82, indicat- ing a prevalence of warm water over cold water fish. However, this value is strongly biased by the large differences between the Ma caronesian archipelagos (4.08) and the mainland coasts of the Lusitania Province (0.66).
Nutritional composition, sensory evaluation and microbial activities of the traditional and enriched âAkara Iweâ from Uya Oron in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria West Africa

This study was conducted to evaluate traditional ‘akara iwe’ as prepared and eaten by the people of Uya Oron in Oron Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, compared with enriched ‘akara iwe’ prepared in the Home Economics Laboratory, University of Uyo, Uyo, using the blend of ground fish powder and groundnut paste. These products were chemically analyzed for proximate composition, minerals, vitamins, antinutrients and sensory evaluation. Standard microbiological technique was used to assess the microbiological quality of the product. The enriched ‘akara iwe’ had the highest value for protein [19.75%], ash [5.25%] and beta carotene [350.96mg/100g] than traditional ‘akara iwe’, with protein [5.8%], ash [1.30%] and beta carotene [239.46%]. Microorganisms isolated from both ‘akara iwe’ were Penicillum sp [7.1%], A. niger [14.3%], yeast sp [21.5%], B. subtilis [11.9%], S. aureus [19.0%], S. epidermidis [11.9%] and Lactobacillus [14.3%]. Other food nutrients will encourage improvement for growth, development in infant, children and maintenance of body for adults. It will foster supply of micronutrients in the body. However, care should be taken during handling, preparation and storage of the ‘akara iwe’ to prevent microorganisms and their problems to health. ‘Akara iwe’ should be stored and consumed within three days.
Ultrastuctural changes in certain nymphal tissues of schistocerca gregaria (orthoptera: acrididae) by some chitin synthesis inhibitors.

Flufenoxuron caused a blockage of the production of cuticle of the last instar nymphs since its thickness remained unchanged while that of control congeners increased in thickness as the development proceeded. The formation of endocuticle was prohibited, so the epicuticle and exocuticle did not properly attached to the epidermis. The epidermis appeared with irregularly distributed cells underneath the cuticle. On the other hand, Lufenuron exhibited more dangerous effects. The epidermis was degenerated and detached from the endocuticle which could not distinguish from the exocuticle. The available electron micrographs reveal several dangerous effects of Flufenoxuron on the thoracic muscles such as distortion shape of the Z line and disorganization of A, I and H bands, appearance of gaps and vacuoles in the sarcomere. Similar effects were recorded for Lufenuron beside the complete distortion of the Z disc. Flufenoxuron affected the ultrastructure of mid-gut such as destruction of the cell vacuolization and a rupture of the epithelial walls. In respect to Lufenuron, some signs of morbidity in both nuclei and cytoplasm of the epithelial cells were observed, such as curling and rupturing of the microvilli and the formation of large area of necrosis in a vacuolated cytoplasm. Flufenoxuron caused several ultrastructural changes in the intracellular organelles of last instar nymphs. The mitochondria appeared generally in an irregular shape. Their two membranes were not demarcated with loss of cristae but increased granules. Morphology and of Golgi bodies was remarkably influenced and some of them were fragmented into small particles. The secretion granules associating the Golgi bodies disappeared. The limiting membranes of lysosomes were ruptured. The margination and nuclear chromatin seemed to be early changed leading to the cell death. Lufenuron, on the other hand, caused many serious ultrastructural changes since the mitochondrial cristae were partially or totally lost. Some mitochondria appeared swollen with irregular shape while others appeared greatly elongated with prominent cristae. The mitochondrial membranes were not demarcated, and some mitochondria were filled with dark electron dense granules. Also, the nuclear membrane was disrupted. As well as, the lysosomes and Golgi bodies were hypertrophied with different deformities.
Flows in curved spaces

In this work we study flows through curved spaces, starting from classical fluid flows through curved channels and ending with electron flows in curved graphene sheets. For our numerical simulations, we use the lattice Boltzmann (LB) method, a powerful numerical technique, which has gained increasing popularity during the last decades. To simulate flows in curved spaces, we improve and extend the LB method on manifolds, which has been proposed recently by M. Mendoza, S. Succi and H. J. Herrmann [1, 2]. As a first application, we study the Dean instability. This flow instability occurs in channels with curved walls and is characterized by a curvaturedependent transition from laminar flow to vortex flow. While the Dean instability has been widely studied for rectangular channels, we simulate more complex channel geometries by curving the channel in both streamwise and spanwise direction, using the LB method in curvilinear coordinates. We find that the flow instability depends significantly on the relative strength of the streamwise and spanwise curvature. For strongly curved channels, we even observe higher-order transitions, characterized by a multitude of counter-rotating vortices. While for the Dean instability the curvature of the channel walls affects the flow only as an extrinsic constraint, confining the fluid inside the channel, there also exist hydrodynamic systems with an intrinsic curvature of space. Some examples are curved soap films, lipid bilayer membranes or electron flow in graphene, being one of the most fascinating materials of the last decade due to its extraordinary mechanical, electronic and optical properties. In the hydrodynamic regime, all these systems can effectively be
A simple mathematical analysis of the imitations to inferring feeding behavior of zooplankton from gut content

The instantaneous amount of food in an animal's gut, or gut content (G), is a function of its ingestion rate (I) minus its gut evacuation rate (E). We present simple models describing the short-term (minutes to hours) dynamics of G, incorporating I and E simultaneously. The models apply to situations in which animals start feeding after a period of starvation. Two possibilities are considered: (1) Both I and K (the coefficient of gut evacuation) remain constant during the feeding period. (2) K remains constant, but I decreases, after satiation, from the initial value (I,) to an equilibrium value (I,). Results from the models show that although gut content is usually asymptotic with time, the shapes of the curves vary considerably depending on the relationship between I, and Kin the first instance, and I,, I, and K in the second instance. The relationship between the time of first defecation (t l ) and the gut passage time (K-') is critical in these models. Results from the models are compared to data from published experiments in which gut content of copepods was monitored at intervals of minutes to hours. We conclude that short-term variability in feeding behavior may not always be inferred solely from changes in gut content with time.
Is Selectivity an Aphrodisiac

En un articulo reciente, Eastwick, Finkel, Mochon y Ariely (2007) reportaron datos que indicaban que la selectividad podria ser un factor importante para determinar el deseo romantico. Usando un paradigma de citas rapidas, se encontro que los individuos que en promedio calificaron posibles citas como altamente deseables eran los que recibian mas bajas calificaciones en promedio de sus citas, como lo que demuestra lo que ellos denominan como correlaciones negativas generalizadas. Sin embargo, las correlaciones diadicas fueron positivas, lo que sugiere que, a traves de pares el deseo era algo reciproco. Eastwick et al. (2007) van mas lejos al afirmar que “ . personas que se citan de alguna manera difunden su no selectividad. " (p 318), donde encontramos una explicacion profundamente desalentadora. Presentamos una aproximacion alternativa y un enfoque basado en la disociacion entre las correlaciones generalizadas y diadicas. Hemos implementado un modelo multi-agente que permite una evaluacion de las contribuciones relativas de la selectividad y la congruencia en las calificaciones de la atraccion. El modelo sugiere que la igualacion entre el atractivo potencial de personas que se citan es el predictor mas importante del deseo romantico. Creemos que el articulo de Eastwick et al (2007) es solo otro ejemplo de un patron peligroso en la investigacion en el campo de la psicologia social: las afirmaciones espectaculares son realizadas con la evidencia mas debil.
Scaling up ecohydrological processes: Role of surface water flow in water‐limited landscapes

[1] In this study, we present a stochastic landscape modeling approach that has the power to transfer and integrate existing information on vegetation dynamics and hydrological processes from the small scale to the landscape scale. To include microscale processes like ecohydrological feedback mechanisms and spatial exchange like surface water flow, we derive transition probabilities from a fine-scale simulation model. We applied two versions of the landscape model, one that includes and one that disregards spatial exchange of water to the situation of a sustainably used research farm and communally used and degraded rangeland in semiarid Namibia. Our simulation experiments show that including spatial exchange of overland flow among vegetation patches into our model is a precondition to reproduce vegetation dynamics, composition, and productivity, as well as hydrological processes at the landscape scale. In the model version that includes spatial exchange of water, biomass production at light grazing intensities increases 2.24-fold compared to the model without overland flow. In contrast, overgrazing destabilizes positive feedbacks through vegetation and hydrology and decreases the number of hydrological sinks in the model with overland flow. The buffer capacity of these hydrological sinks disappears and runoff increases. Here, both models predicted runoff losses from the system and artificial droughts occurring even in years with good precipitation. Overall, our study reveals that a thorough understanding of overland flow is an important precondition for improving the management of semiarid and arid rangelands with distinct topography.
The Greenland ice sheet: modelling the surface mass balance from GCM output with a new statistical downscaling technique

Abstract. The aim of this study is to derive a realistic estimation of the Surface Mass Balance (SMB) of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) through statistical downscaling of Global Coupled Model (GCM) outputs. To this end, climate simulations performed with the CNRM-CM5.1 Atmosphere-Ocean GCM within the CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5) framework are used for the period 1850–2300. From the year 2006, two different emission scenarios are considered (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Simulations of SMB performed with the detailed snowpack model Crocus driven by CNRM-CM5.1 surface atmospheric forcings serve as a reference. On the basis of these simulations, statistical relationships between total precipitation, snow-ratio, snowmelt, sublimation and near-surface air temperature are established. This leads to the formulation of SMB variation as a function of temperature variation. Based on this function, a downscaling technique is proposed in order to refine 150 km horizontal resolution SMB output from CNRM-CM5.1 to a 15 km resolution grid. This leads to a much better estimation of SMB along the GrIS margins, where steep topography gradients are not correctly represented at low-resolution. For the recent past (1989–2008), the integrated SMB over the GrIS is respectively 309 and 243 Gt yr–1 for raw and downscaled CNRM-CM5.1. In comparison, the Crocus snowpack model forced with ERA-Interim yields a value of 245 Gt yr–1. The major part of the remaining discrepancy between Crocus and downscaled CNRM-CM5.1 SMB is due to the different snow albedo representation. The difference between the raw and the downscaled SMB tends to increase with near-surface air temperature via an increase in snowmelt.
Goodwin cycles and the U.S. economy, 1948-2004

This paper provides empirical support for an interpretation of the Goodwin growth cycle as isolating the main forces underlying distributive conflict, but in a fragile symbiotic mechanism because of endogenous forces that modify the balance of class power. Goodwin cycles are the shorter run cycles that appear around a long run motion that is the product of structural change. The paper describes long run trends in the Goodwin variables in the US corporate economy from 1948 to 2004, which exhibit both a sharp break at the beginning of the 80s, and no long run cycles. Short run detrended Goodwin cycles are identified, which broadly coincide in period and timing with the NBER dating of (the troughs of) business cycles. The paper then divides the employed nonfarm private industry labour force into supervisory and nonsupervisory workers, and focuses on the latter. The same two conclusions apply.
Extraction and Visual Analysis of Negative Traffic Events from Weibo Data

Social media has an increasingly significant importance in people’s daily life during past few years. Social media data has been widely studied in a variety of disciplines for different applications, e.g., crisis management and urban planning. In this work, we focus on the extraction and analysis of traffic related events, especially negative traffic events(NTE), e.g. congestion, car accidents, from social media data. Firstly, we identify the terms related to NTEs. Secondly, based on those terms, an iterative lexicon-based text mining technique is applied to extract NTEs from social media data. Thirdly, we calculate the statistics and visualize the spatiotemporal patterns of the NTEs. A web-based interactive visualization system is developed for visual analysis of NTEs. We use one year Sina Weibo data in Shanghai as our test data and present our preliminary results.
Software Quality: Concepts, Problems and Tools for Improving

In this paper, we discuss the concept and principles of the total quality management (TQM). The paper describes the main Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) models and pros and cons of each one. In addition, overview measures of quality during SDLC. Finally, the paper describes the software quality problems and how to achieve TQM via defect prevention. Keywords: Quality; quality management; SDLC; software development; total quality management.
An Empirical Study about Sustainable Growth and Organization Innovation of a Multinational Firm in an Emerging Country

The aim of this research is to clarify the utility of sustainable growth strategies, such as creating shared value, in emerging countries, as well as to discover the organizational capabilities that are effective in order to achieve such a sustainable growth strategy. A survey of the manufacturing firms which have advanced to emerging countries was conducted via questionnaire. In conclusion, the competitive advantage acquired through attempting to solve social problems in an emerging country was a mid- and long-term organizational capability. The organizational capabilities is a skillful utilization of superior human resources well versed in the emerging country's actual condition in the global network which includes a local and a parent nation. It is also the knowledge creation capability through a long-term and relevant strategic alliance relationship between various local partners.
The various colours of type 2 diabetes : Pathogenesis and epidemiology in different ethnic groups Admiraal

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Modern women contraception in Mozambique: unmixing contextual and individual wealth effects

This paper analyzes the impact of wealth on the use of contraception in Mozambique separating the contextual effects arising from community wealth from the individual effects associated with the women situation within the community of residence. Data from the 2011 Mozambican Demographic and Health Survey on women who are married or living together are modeled for the all country. The models showed significant positive effects of average community wealth and the women’s relative socio-economic position within the community on the use of modern contraceptives. Key-words: contraception, wealth index, survey data, Mozambique, multilevel probit regression.
Sustaining the work ability and work motivation of lower-educated older workers: Directions for work redesign

This study examines directions for work redesign which might lead to the creation of sustainable jobs for lower-educated older workers (45 years or over, ISCED 0-2) and thus motivate and enable them to extend their working lives. We use longitudinal data on 1,264 older Dutch workers collected by the Netherlands Working Conditions Cohort Study to analyse the characteristics of the work of lower-educated older workers and how these differ from those of higher-educated older workers. The aim is to determine whether work redesign initiatives directed to these characteristics might have the desired effect of enhancing work ability and/or work motivation. This study is unique in its focus on lower-educated older workers as a target group for active ageing policies at the EU, national and company HR levels, and also in its focus on work redesign rather than the training or improvement of the health of workers. Our findings suggest that redesigning social work characteristics can be a first step in developing sustainable jobs for lower-educated older workers. Moreover, a redesign of contextual work characteristics also seems promising.