Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Effect of Structural Information and Familiarity in Form Perception

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of structural information and familiarity on the processing of visual forms. Pairs of “well” structured and nameable and “poorly” structured and non-nameable fragmented forms were employed as stimuli. The effects of structure and familiarity were assessed by manipulating the visual hemifield of presentation and the task. In Experiment 1 stimuli were judged as being either in the same orientation or mirror-reversed, a task that does not require high-level semantic information to be processed. Experiment 2 required physically identical forms to be matched, which may use either physical or name information. In Experiment 1 “same” judgements were equivalent for both types of stimuli, and “different' judgements were longer for the “poorly” structured (non-nameable) forms. In Experiment 2 there was little overall difference between “well” and “poorly” structured forms, though response times to “well” structured (nameable) forms were slowed for right-visual-field presentations. It is suggested that familiarity may not be sufficient to provide a perceptual advantage for nameable forms, as the advantage for nameable stimuli was confined to “same” judgements in Experiment 1 and response times were shorter for non-nameable stimuli in Experiment 2. Rather, performance depends upon factors such as the computation of global shape (due to structural properties of collinearity and closure) and on the use of different kinds or representations (physical versus name) in matching.
Predicting ICU length of stay using APACHE-IV in persons with severe sepsis – a pilot study

Introduction: Accurate length of stay (LOS) prediction of severe sepsis patients in intensive care unit (ICU) is critical for resource management. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-IV (APACHE-IV) model is commonly used forpredicting LOS. This study assesses the ICU-LOS predictability of APACHE-IV system for severe sepsis patients. Methods: Following ethical clearance, we used ICU data (06/2006 – 08/2008: from a hospital in India) to compare APACHE-IV score and predicted LOS of severe sepsis patients with actual observed ICU-LOS. We employed t -test, correlations, ANOVA andlinear regression of suitably transformed variables as needed. Results: Out of 3,949 ICU admissions, 198 were severe sepsis admissions where 134 patients (80%) had usable data. Of these 75 had verifiable APACHE-IV scores (final sample) with 55% men; median age: 67 years (IQR: 21) 53% did not have dialysis; 87% were on mechanical ventilation (MV). Mean ICU-LOS (10.1 days + 6.4) was significantly greater than predicted ICU-LOS (5.6days + 1.8 ; p <.001). ICU-LOS was very strongly correlated with days on MV ( r =0.9). Mean ICU-LOS was significantly greaterfor those receiving blood transfusion ( p <.001); on MV ( p <.001); having surgery ( p <.001) and having high frequency of dialysis ( p <.001) – differences not predicted by APACHE-IV. Overall, the predicted ICU-LOS underestimation was by 4.5 days. Conclusions: The results provide a preliminary indication that APACHE-IV model may be a poor predictor of ICU-LOS insevere sepsis cases.
Effect of Intensity of Cigarette Smoking on Leukocytes among Adult Men and Women Smokers in Bangladesh

Background: Smoking is one of the preventable causes of disease in middle and low-income countries. This study was conducted in smokers and non-smokers to observe the changes in total count of leukocytes in cigarette smokers in relation to body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP). Methods:The study populations were from different sources including diagnostic center and general hospital, and consisted of 58 smokers and 77 non-smokers, with a broad range of age groups. The variables considered for this study were the smoking status of current smokers and non-smokers, and blood samples of the subject, anthropometric data and also blood pressure data. Results: Total leukocytes in smokers were found to be higher than the non-smokers along with the increasing of lymphocytes. Leukocytes were also found to be increased with intensity of smoking in adult men and women. The BMI of the smokers showed decreasing trend compared to non-smokers. The relation between blood pressure and smoking was not well established, as there were only little changes on systolic blood pressure (SBP) of smokers found according to smoking intensity. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking has negative effects on leukocytes both in men and women smokers in terms of certain anthropometric parameters.
Revisiting the genus Cytospora and allied species

Cytospora species are important plant pathogens causing dieback and canker diseases on a wide range of hosts, worldwide. However, species level identification is difficult due to poor phylogenetic understanding and lack of sequenced type species. ITS sequence data are only available for most Cytospora strains in GenBank. In this study, samples of Cytospora were collected from symptomatic twigs and branches in European Russia. A combination of morphological characters and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis (ITS, LSU, RPB2, ACT) were used to identify taxa. A total of 34 collections, representing 17 fungal species of Cytospora were studied. Of these, 14 new species are described and illustrated. Three species were known taxa and identified as C. nivea, C. parasitica, and C. salicicola. Newly introduced species are C. ampulliformis, C. curvata, C. donetzica, C. erumpens, C. longiostiolata, C. melnikii, C. parakantschavelii, C. paratranslucens, C. rusanovii, C. salicacearum, C. salicina, C. sorbi, C. sorbicola and C. ulmi. Descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided for all studied taxa in this study. The distribution patterns of Cytospora species on different hosts are discussed. The study represents a preliminary study of Cytospora species from a small region and provides an initial contribution to the understanding of the genus.
The Relationship between Age and Affective Reactivity in Depressed and Healthy Females Across the Lifespan

Objective: Depression-related differences in processing emotional information have been observed in prior research, though the influence of age upon affective reactivity of negative, neutral, and positive stimuli may partially explain these differences. We examined the extent to which age influences affective reactivity to positive, neutral, and negative stimuli in depressed and healthy participants. Methods: The study enrolled 129 right-handed females between 16 to 63 years old who met either DSM-IV criteria for current, medication-free Major Depressive Disorder (n=59) or no current or lifetime diagnoses (n=70). All participants completed a structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders, a clinical interview to determine depression severity, and an affective reactivity task. Results: There were no significant main effects of depression status or interaction effects between depression status and age on ratings of positive, negative, and neutral stimuli. Additionally, there was no significant main effect of age on ratings of positive stimuli. However, there were main effects of age on ratings of negative and neutral stimuli suggesting that depressed and healthy participants differed in their evaluation of negative and neutral information as a function of age. Specifically, participants rated neutral information as more positive over the lifespan, and negative information as less negative across the lifespan. Conclusion: Reactions to neutral information appear to become more positive with older age and reactions to negative information appear to decline with age unrelated to depression status.
Speciation Patterns in Chewing Lice from Catharus Thrushes

I reconstructed phylogenies of Brueelia (Ischnocera) and Myrsidea (Amblycera) chewing lice from a variety of birds to determine the evolutionary history of the parasites with respect to their hosts. In particular I concentrated my sampling on chewing lice from Catharus thrushes, which are common migrant passerines of Eastern North America. If thrush-louse associations are species-specific and ancient, their phylogenies should be concordant, reflecting cospeciation. Alternatively, lice may have switched host species in recent evolutionary time, resulting in non-matching louse and thrush phylogenies. I collected lice from five species of North American thrushes, and additional Neotropical migrant species, captured or collected in Northeastern Illinois in the spring of 2006. I extracted DNA from the lice, amplified and then sequenced three genes: CO1, 12s (mitochondrial), and EF1α (nuclear). I reconstructed the louse phylogenies from these DNA sequences using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods. Brueelia do not appear to have speciated, much less cospeciated with their thrush hosts. Myrsidea show a greater degree of diversification than Brueelia, but also do not appear to have cospeciated with thrushes. The lack of differentiation and/or cospeciation suggests that host switching or failure to speciate is rampant in this system. The relationships between chewing lice and their hosts may be better explained by biogeography, habitat, or even barb-size correspondence.
Assessing Expressed Emotion in parents in association with children’s social competence, language ability and their understanding of others

The study investigates associations between 1) theory of mind and language 2) theory of mind and social competence and 3) the relationship between these variables and expressed emotion, in 24 typically developing preschoolers and 23 children with autism. Experimental theory-of-mind tasks were administered to the children, along with the parents participating in an open-ended interview and completing a mentalising and executive functioning social competence scale questionnaire measure. For the children with autism findings suggest that theory of mind may only be related to mentalistic social competencies in everyday life and yet is related to a much broader measure of symptom severities. The strength of these associations was significantly reduced when language ability was held constant. These results were not found for the typically developing children. Finally no relationship was found in either group between levels of expressed emotion and theory of mind, social competence and language ability. Reasons for these null findings are discussed.
NOTASI ALGORITMIK DENGAN LL ( * ) PARSING DAN STRING TEMPLATE

Pemrograman dasar merupakan pondasi utama seseorang atau mahasiswa yang ingin belajar membuat program untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah tertentu. Kesulitan utama seseorang dalam membuat solusi dalam bentuk bahasa formal merupakan masalah tersendiri, selain pemilihan alat atau aplikasi yang tepat untuk membantunya, bahkan untuk orang dengan latar belakang ilmu komputer. Paper ini mencoba menghasilkan Domain Specific Language (DSL) untuk pengajaran pemrograman dasar dengan grammar LL(*), dalam suatu rancangan aplikasi untuk mempermudah penyelesaian masalah dibidang pengajaran pemrograman dasar berbasis notasi algoritmik. Model notasi algoritmik yang di pilih merupakan model yang sudah pernah diterapkan dan diajarkan di perguruan tinggi. Grammar dihasilkan dengan bantuan ANTLR dan string template, yang di sesuaikan dengan model yang di pilih. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa Editor Translator Notasi Algoritmik (ETNA), yang diperuntukan bagi mahasiswa di tahun pertama, yang dapat mentranslasikan notasi algoritmik ke bahasa c standar. Alat ini diharapkan membantu seseorang atau mahasiswa untuk dapat mendisain solusi dalam bentuk notasi algoritmik, tanpa memikirkan kerumitan dalam bahasa yang dipakai.
Scotch broom facilitates indigenous tree and shrub germination and establishment in dryland New Zealand

It is common practice in New Zealand dryland areas to chemically or mechanically control invasive woody weeds, including Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius). Such weed control is not always effective in achieving the often implicit aim of advancing the restoration of indigenous woody vegetation. We used a field experiment on a braided river terrace on the Canterbury Plains to test how five different management treatments of broom cover affected the germination, survival and growth of six indigenous tree and shrub species in a dryland setting. Mulched, root-raked and crushed treatments resulted in low seed germination and high mortality of planted seedlings, which was apparently due to the associated soil disturbance and microsite conditions. Significantly higher germination and survival rates of indigenous woody species under the living broom canopy indicated that the facilitative effects of the living canopy outweighed any negative effects. With no evidence of unassisted regeneration of indigenous plants from local sources during our experiment, our results suggest that retaining a live broom canopy was most beneficial for the germination and establishment of planted indigenous woody seedlings at this site. Compared with sowing and planting after mechanical or chemical broom control, sowing seeds and planting seedlings under the living broom canopy was also the cheapest management strategy to advance the succession of indigenous woody species in these dryland weed communities.
New findings to the role of tunikamycin in grapevine: Disease defense responses

Exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is an effective trigger of cellular damage resulting in the development of limited necrotic lesions that mimic the hypersensitive reaction (HR) lesions associated with resistance to avirulent pathogens. Localized treatment of leaves of intact grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L. cv. Limberger) or excised leaves with tunikamycin stimulates an agonist-dependent mechanism operating at an early step in the signal pathway for induction of MeJA-dependent UR-like response. With respect to tunikamycin, the fine control mechanism has shown to be both, concentration- and time-dependent. The same treatment also antagonized H 2 O 2 accumulation from the MeJA-induced oxidative burst suggesting that this type of reactive oxygen intermediate plays a minor role in the induction of the HR in grapevine cells challenged by exogenous MeJA. Moreover, our results indicate that the activation of defense reactions of grapevine, at least in part, is dependent and sensitive to N-linked glycosylation.
COMPACT MICROSTRIP-FED ANTENNA FOR ULTRA-WIDEBAND APPLICATIONS

A novel printed monopole antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is presented, which is composed of wide slot and Y-shaped microstrip feed line with a pair of inverted-L-shaped notches. The prototype with an overall size of 26 mm× 30 mm× 2 mm achieves good impedance matching, constant gain, stable radiation patterns, and a relative impedance bandwidth of 110.6% is achieved, which covers 3.09–10.74 GHz.
LOW-TEMPERATURE EQUATION OF STATE OF SOLID METHANE

The theoretical equation of state for solid methane, developed within the framework of perturbation theory, with the crystal consisting of spherical molecules as zero-order approximation, and octupole – octupole interaction of methane molecules as a perturbation, is proposed. Thermodynamic functions are computed on the sublimation line up to the triple point. The contribution of the octupole – octupole interaction to the thermodynamic properties of solid methane is estimated.
Integration of cytochrome c oxidase I barcodes and geometric morphometrics to delimit species in the genus Gnopharmia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae)

We tested the hypothesis of species taxonomy in the genus Gnopharmia (Macariini, Ennominae) that was recently established in a review based on discrete morphological characters. For this objective we integrated both DNA-based and morphometric approaches in order to infer species boundaries. A 658-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) (DNA barcode) was analysed from populations of five species distributed throughout the Middle East to assess their consistency with traditionally defined morphospecies. Signals in the morphological variation of the aedeagus of all relevant populations were evaluated using geometric landmarks. Consistent groupings compatible with the current taxonomic classification were found with both approaches. The results strongly support the distinction of seven closely related species. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London
Formative assessment, the internet and academic identity

Introduction Significant amounts of teaching and learning in UK universities is conducted at master’s level through one-toone contact; and at doctoral level this type of interaction predominates. Tutorials or supervision sessions are focused particularly on the production of written work for summative assessment of dissertations, theses and term papers. During this kind of tutorial, tutor and student collaborate over the planning, drafting and redrafting of a text. Tutors will comment first on students’ ideas and later often on a draft. Although there may be other educative processes taking place, the major function will therefore be formative assessment, that is, assessment that seeks not just to give a judgement on work, but to improve it. Formative assessment also occurs of course in group situations where tutors and students comment on each other’s work and attemptto build their understanding through this discussion.
Mapping chemical concentration in binary thin organic films via multi-wavelength scanning absorption microscopy (MWSAM)

The composition and thickness of binary thin organic films is determined by measuring the optical absorption at multiple wavelengths across the film surface and performing a component analysis fit to absorption standards for the materials. The multiple laser wavelengths are focused onto the surface using microscope objectives and raster scanned across the film surface using a piezo-electric actuator X–Y stage. All of the wavelengths are scanned simultaneously with a frequency division multiplexing system used to separate the individual wavelength response. The composition values are in good quantitative agreement with measurements obtained by scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM). This new characterization technique extends quantitative compositional mapping of thin films to thickness regimes beyond that accessible by STXM.
Model Pelatihan Berbasis Produk Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Penelitian dan Publikasi Karya Ilmiah

This paper aims to develop a product-based training model to improve the performance of research, and publication of scientific work. This research was carried out with R a D covering two stages. In the preliminary study phase, a literature review and field survey were conducted on the training models used so far. At the development stage, drafting the model, validation carried out expertand limited field testing were. Data analysis techniques using thedifferent test techniques Mann-Whitney U test. The R a D results show findings: 1) the training model is carried out through analysis, planning, development, implementation, and evaluation; 2) the validity level of the model is in the good category; and 3) the products produced by lecturers, namely the results of research and publication are higher than before using the model.
An introduction to the theory of imprecise sets: the mathematics of partial presence

In this article, we are going to discuss the mathematics of partial presence of an element in a set. A similar theory well known as the theory of fuzzy sets is already in existence since 1965. However, right at the start, the measure theoretic explanations of fuzziness have taken a wrong turn in the sense that from any given law of fuzziness defined on an interval, workers have since been trying to extract a law of probability giving rise thereby to all sorts of misinterpretations of probability theory. Such developments do not have any classical measure theoretic basis. In fact, not one as popularly believed, but two independent laws of randomness are necessary and sufficient to define a law of fuzziness. Secondly, the existing definition of complement of a fuzzy set is logically incorrect, and hence every result in which that definition had been used is incorrect. As long as we would keep on referring to fuzzy sets, the original definitions that include these two unacceptable points would keep coming up creating an unnecessary confusion thereby. We are therefore going to introduce the theory of imprecise sets in which the two fuzzy set theoretic blunders mentioned above would be absent.
Causal discovery through MAP selection of stratified chain event graphs

We introduce a subclass of chain event graphs that we call stratified chain event graphs, and present a dynamic programming algorithm for the optimal selection of such chain event graphs that maximizes a decomposable score derived from a complete independent sample. We apply the algorithm to such a dataset, with a view to deducing the causal structure of the variables under the hypothesis that there are no unobserved confounders. We show that the algorithm is suitable for small problems. Similarities with and differences to a dynamic programming algorithm for MAP learning of Bayesian networks are highlighted, as are the relations to causal discovery using Bayesian networks.
Equilibrium CO bond lengths q

0022-2860/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.molstruc. 2012.01. 030 q In honor of Professor Jaan Laane for his many con ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: jean.demaison@univ-lille1.fr (J elte.hu (A.G. Császár). Based on a sample of 38 molecules, 47 accurate equilibrium CO bond lengths have been collected and analyzed. These ultimate experimental ðrEX e Þ, semiexperimental ðrSE e Þ, and Born–Oppenheimer ðrBO e Þ equilibrium structures are compared to rBO e estimates from two lower-level techniques of electronic structure theory, MP2(FC)/cc-pVQZ and B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2pd). A linear relationship is found between the best equilibrium bond lengths and their MP2 or B3LYP estimates. These (and similar) linear relationships permit to estimate the CO bond length with an accuracy of 0.002 Å within the full range of 1.10–1.43 Å, corresponding to single, double, and triple CO bonds, for a large number of molecules. The variation of the CO bond length is qualitatively explained using the Atoms in Molecules method. In particular, a nice correlation is found between the CO bond length and the bond critical point density and it appears that the CO bond is at the same time covalent and ionic. Conditions which permit the computation of an accurate ab initio Born–Oppenheimer equilibrium structure are discussed. In particular, the core–core and core– valence correlation is investigated and it is shown to roughly increase with the bond length. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.