Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing College Football Players’ Beliefs About Incurring Football-Related Dementia

Background: Football participation is associated with risks to acute and long-term health, including the possibility of incurring football-related dementia. Concerns have been raised regarding media coverage of these risks, which may have influenced athletes’ beliefs. However, little is known about football players’ views on football-related dementia. The risk-perception literature suggests that related risk perceptions and features of individual cognition, such as the ability to switch to reasoned, deliberative thinking, may influence individual perception of a long-term risk. Purpose: To evaluate factors influencing college football players’ belief that they are likely to incur football-related dementia in the future. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Members of 4 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Power 5 Football teams participated in this survey-based study, providing responses to demographic, athletic, and risk-posture questions, and completed the cognitive reflection test. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate relationships between beliefs about football-related dementia and factors including athletic and demographic characteristics, football risk posture, health-risk posture, and cognitive reflection test score. Results: About 10% of the 296 participating athletes thought football-related dementia was likely to occur in their future. Skill players had lower odds than linemen of believing that football-related dementia was likely (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% CI, 0.14-0.89). For each additional suspected concussion in an athlete’s career, his odds of believing football-related dementia was likely increased by 24% (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.07-1.45). Acute and chronic football-related risk perceptions, as well as non–football-related health-risk perceptions, were positively associated with athletes’ belief that football-related dementia was likely. Higher cognitive reflection test scores, a measure of ability to switch to slow, deliberative thinking, was positively associated with odds of believing football-related dementia was likely (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.12-2.21). Conclusion: Some athletes view football as generally riskier, while others view football as generally lessri sky. These risk postures are informed by athletes’ concussion history, primary playing position, and ability to switch from fast, reactive thinking to slow, deliberative thinking. Ensuring that athletes are appropriately informed of the risks of participation is an ethical obligation of universities; sports medicine clinicians are appropriate facilitators of conversations about athletes’ health risks.
Quantitative characterization of human oncogene promoter G‐quadruplex DNA‐ligand interactions using a combination of mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis

Human c‐KIT oncogene is known to regulate cell growth and proliferation, and thus, acts as a probable target in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors (GIST). To identify small molecule ligands which can specifically bind with the G‐quadruplex (G4) in the c‐KIT promoter region as potential antitumor agents, we propose the combination of electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), capillary electrophoresis frontal analysis (CE‐FA), and Taylor dispersion analysis (TDA) to accurately investigate the G4/ligands binding properties. First, ESI–MS was used for initial screening of natural products (NPs). CE‐FA was then used to calculate specific binding constants and the stoichiometry of the native state binding pair in solution. Next, TDA, a micro‐capillary flow technique was used to examine the effect of the ligand binding on the diffusivity and particle size of the c‐KIT G4. Two of the screened NPs, scopolamine butylbromide (L1) and isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐neohesperidoside (L3), were found to specifically bind to the c‐KIT G4 with binding constants of around 104 M–1 and 1:1 stoichiometry in a free solution. TDA data showed that ligand binding (both L1 and L3) induced the c‐KIT strands to fold into a tightly structured G4 with a decreased hydrodynamic radius. These ligands have the potential to be drug candidates for the regulation of c‐KIT gene transcription by stabilizing the G4 structure. This methodology not only increased the speed of analysis but also improved its accuracy and specificity compared with the conventional binding approaches.
Preparation of a magnetically-responsive tablet and confirmation of its gastric residence in beagle dogs

Des comprimes a liberation prolongee sensibles au champ magnetique (comprimes magnetiques) ont ete mis au point pour maitriser le temps de vidange gastrique des formes pharmaceutiques. Les comprimes magnetiques ont ete prepares avec de la ferrite ultrafine, de l'hydroxypropylcellulose et de cinnarizine comme principe actif soluble en milieu acide. Les comprimes magnetiques renfermant 50% m/m de ferrite (comprimes magnetiques 50%) ont presente une bonne sensibilite au champ magnetique et une liberation prolongee du principe actif in vitro
Evaluation of the Implementation of a Railway Critical Incident Management and Support Protocol to Help Train Drivers Cope With Accidents and Suicides

Objective: Railway accidents and suicides can have severe psychological consequences for train drivers. This study evaluates the implementation of railway critical incident management and support protocols (CIMSP) by employers. It also identifies environmental factors, characteristics of critical incidents, and types of work relations affecting implementation. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted with 74 train drivers. Participants were interviewed 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months after a critical incident. Correlational analyses were performed to identify factors associated with implementation and satisfaction. Results: CIMSP are generally partially applied by employers when a railway incident occurs. Workers’ satisfaction toward implementation of the protocol is moderate. Obstacles to implementation are: geographic isolation, severity of the incident, and poor quality of work relations. Conclusions: These obstacles should be addressed in CIMSP design and implementation strategies.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF AEGLE MARMELOS AND ITS CHEMICAL PROFILING USING HPLC AND HPTLC TECHNIQUE.

Aegle marmelos L. Correa commonly known as Bael belonging to the family Rutaceae has been widely used in Indian medicine due to its various medicinal properties. The roots of the plant are widely used in many ayurvedic formulations and hence trade data collected over years has indicated that the demand has exceeded the supply. Therefore it is necessary to screen the bio active phytocompounds present in all other parts of this plant so as to explore a possibility to replace the roots by substitution with other parts. Hence a comparative evaluation viz chemical and biological screening is hereby attempted to find out whether there exist any identical bio active compounds in various parts of this plant. The major focus of the present study is to investigate on the in vitro antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts prepared from various parts of Aegle marmelos and also to perform the chemical profiling by HPLC and HPTLC techniques. A number of methods were employed for this investigation, including DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, total polyphenol content and inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme. Results showed that aqueous leaf extract showed antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities similar to root extract and chemical profiling showed the presence of Umbelliferone in the bark extract as well as root extract. Thus we conceded out a systematic record on the comparative antioxidant study and chemical profiling of different parts of Aegle marmelos.
Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) Worldwide: A Scoping Review

This article has supplementary material on the web site: www.jdbp. org. ABSTRACT: Objective: This scoping review aims to provide a data mapping and narrative synthesis of the available peer-reviewed scientific literature on the translation and cultural adaptation processes relative to the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) as reported by the authors. It also seeks to paint an overall portrait of the implementation of the translated and culturally adapted ASQ worldwide. Methods: Articles published between 1995 and May 11, 2018, were identified via systematic searches of peer-reviewed literature carried out using CINAHL, Scopus, MEDLINE, Education Source, PsycINFO, and ERIC. The articles included in the qualitative synthesis were coded based on an extraction form developed for the study. Results: In the 46 articles surveyed, 37 different cultural adaptations were identified in 29 languages and 27 countries. Translations were included in 33 cultural adaptations, and language modifications were reported in 18 adaptations. The forward-backward translation method was reported in 25 cases. The authors declared having made cultural content, language, visual, and/or conceptual modifications in 26 adaptations. Cultural content modifications were reported in 24 adaptations. At least one method (pilot study, individual interview, survey or focus group with respondents) was reported in 24 adaptations. Conclusion: Cultural modifications were relatively minor and were, in general, made to establish equivalence with the source version. As well, the processes used to translate and culturally adapt the ASQ varied widely based on the types of methods. Additional work should be conducted to document the process of this crucial phase.
Recent Developments in Oxide-Based Ionic Conductors: Bulk Materials, Nanoionics, and Their Memory Applications

ABSTRACT Oxide-based ionic conductors have attracted tremendous research interests due to their wide applications in energy storage and conversion devices, such as photovoltaics, fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors. Extensive efforts have been undertaken to improve the ionic conductivity of existing materials along with the development of novel conductors. The recent advance of ionic conductors in nanoscale demonstrated their ultra–high ionic conductivity for the promising applications in energy sector. In this work, recent progresses of conventional oxide conductors and the development of novel conductors are reviewed in details. The strategy to exploit the nanoionics of enhancing the ionic conductivity is discussed. Furthermore, the novel applications of nanoionics for the resistive switching memories are summarized.
Automatic Classification of Electronic Nursing Narrative Records Based on Japanese Standard Terminology for Nursing

In Japan, nursing records are not easily put to secondary use because nursing documentation is not standardized. In recent years, electronic health records have necessitated the creation of Japanese nursing terminology. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an automatic classification system for narrative nursing records using natural language processing technology and machine learning. We collected a week's worth of narrative nursing records from an academic hospital. The authors independently annotated the text data, dividing it into morphemes, the smallest meaningful unit in a language. During preprocessing when creating feature quantities, we used a Japanese tokenizer, MeCab, an open-source morphological parser, and the bag-of-words model. A support vector machine was adopted as a classifier for machine learning. The accuracy was 0.96 and 0.86 on the training set and test set, respectively, and the F value was 0.82. Our findings provide useful information regarding the development of an automatic classification system for Japanese nursing records using nursing terminology and natural language processing techniques.
Decellularization protocol‐dependent damage‐associated molecular patterns in rat uterus scaffolds differentially affect the immune response after transplantation

Scaffolds derived from decellularized tissue possess many advantages for bioengineering applications, including for novel infertility treatments. However, the decellularization process results in allogenic‐independent damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This field is poorly studied, in particular for uterus bioengineering applications. An increased knowledge concerning the immune system activation after transplantation of decellularized tissue will enable safer construct development and thereby accelerate translation from research to clinic. We therefore transplanted rat uterus scaffolds produced by three different decellularization protocols based on Triton X‐100 (P1 and P2) or sodium deoxycholate (P3) in a syngeneic animal model and assessed the immune response towards DAMPs exposed by the decellularization process. Biopsies were retrieved on day 5, 15, and 30 post transplantation and immunohistochemistry‐stained CD45+ (leucocytes), CD4+ (T‐cells), CD8a+ (cytotoxic T‐cells), CD22+ (B‐cells), NCR1+ (NK‐cells), CD68+ (pan‐macrophages), and CD163+ (M2 macrophages) cells within the grafts were quantified. The gene expression for interferon γ, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) eotaxin‐2, RANTES, MCP‐1, MIP‐1α, MIP‐3α, IL‐8 were also measured. Scaffolds from P1 induced a rapid cell infiltration after transplantation, presumably induced by DNA‐based DAMPs. However, this response was only transient. Protocol 3 derived scaffolds induced an early pro‐inflammatory cytokine response at the transcript level which remained high throughout the study. This response may be caused by the stronger decellularization detergent that could expose more extracellular matrix‐related DAMPs. However, earlier proteomics analysis also identified significantly more abundant heat shook proteins‐related DAMPs in this scaffold type. Protocol 2 caused the least immunogenic scaffolds and should thus be the future focus for in vivo uterus bioengineering applications.
In vitro effects of aqueous extract of fermented rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) on human sperm function

Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) is a herbal medicinal plant originally from South Africa's fynbos and well known for its medicinal effects in treating different medical conditions. Rooibos contains significant levels of antioxidants capable of inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species, which may improve seminal parameters. This study focussed on investigating the direct effect of fermented rooibos on human sperm functions in vitro. Semen samples collected by masturbation from unproven fertile donors (n = 25) and infertile patients (n = 25) after 3–5 days’ abstinence were liquefied and centrifuged (300 × g; 10 min) in human tubular fluid medium containing 1% bovine serum albumin. Afterwards, semen samples (7.5 × 106/ml) were incubated at 37°C for one hour with aqueous extract of fermented extract in sperm preparation medium (0, 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 μg/ml) and assessed. Our data showed that fermented rooibos did not affect functional sperm parameters (motility, vitality, intracellular reactive oxygen species and acrosome reaction, p > .05), in vitro except in the reduced percentage of intact mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA fragmentation (p < .05). The decrease in DNA fragmentation generates the possibility of using the extract in patients prior to assisted reproductive techniques.
Self‐Assembly Approach for Synthesis of Nanotubular Molybdenum Trioxide/Titania Composite Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

A nanotubular composite composed of titania nanotubes coated with a thin layer of molybdenum trioxide was fabricated by employing natural cellulose (ordinary filter paper) as a template. The cellulose nanofibers were precoated with an ultrathin titania gel film by the surface sol–gel process. These nanofibers were then further coated with double layers of a positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) layer and a negatively charged polyoxomolybdate cluster layer deposited by the layer-by-layer self-assembly approach. The as-prepared composite was calcined in air to yield a series of MoO3/TiO2 nanocomposites with varied contents of MoO3. As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the composite showed improved electrochemical performances, such as excellent reversible capacity, cycling stability, and rate capability; these benefited from the hierarchical three-dimensional nanostructures of the composites derived from the cellulose substance, and the buffering effect of the robust titania nanotubes to maintain the structural integrity of the electrode.
BRET-based effector membrane translocation assay monitors GPCR-promoted and endocytosis-mediated Gq activation at early endosomes

Significance G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been proposed to signal in multiple compartments within the cell, a phenomenon that could have important implications for our understanding of receptor pharmacology and disease treatment. However, directly measuring G protein activity in subcellular compartments remains a challenge, and the mechanism underlying their translocation and activation remains elusive. Using a biosensor that specifically measures the presence of GTP-loaded Gq/11 at endosomes, our findings reveal the mechanism underlying Gq trafficking and signaling in the endosome and provide a powerful tool to directly monitor G protein movement and activation in subcellular compartments. G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are gatekeepers of cellular homeostasis and the targets of a large proportion of drugs. In addition to their signaling activity at the plasma membrane, it has been proposed that their actions may result from translocation and activation of G proteins at endomembranes—namely endosomes. This could have a significant impact on our understanding of how signals from GPCR-targeting drugs are propagated within the cell. However, little is known about the mechanisms that drive G protein movement and activation in subcellular compartments. Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)–based effector membrane translocation assays, we dissected the mechanisms underlying endosomal Gq trafficking and activity following activation of Gq-coupled receptors, including the angiotensin II type 1, bradykinin B2, oxytocin, thromboxane A2 alpha isoform, and muscarinic acetylcholine M3 receptors. Our data reveal that GPCR-promoted activation of Gq at the plasma membrane induces its translocation to endosomes independently of β-arrestin engagement and receptor endocytosis. In contrast, Gq activity at endosomes was found to rely on both receptor endocytosis-dependent and -independent mechanisms. In addition to shedding light on the molecular processes controlling subcellular Gq signaling, our study provides a set of tools that will be generally applicable to the study of G protein translocation and activation at endosomes and other subcellular organelles, as well as the contribution of signal propagation to drug action.
COVID-19 as a “Force Majeure” for Non–COVID-19 Clinical and Translational Research. Comment on “Analysis of Scientific Publications During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Topic Modeling Study”

We read with interest the recent article on medical publication of COVID-19-related research by Älgå et al [1]. We acknowledge their topic modeling approach to analyze publications about COVID-19. However, we would like to emphasize that although research on COVID-19 is receiving wide support, other areas in medicine are facing a lasting problem. Many studies are blocked or slowed down due to delayed or interrupted recruitment of patients and/or delayed analyses or processing. With entire wards and hospitals converted to COVID-19 units, the numbers of elective surgeries and hospitalizations are substantially reduced and many nonessential hospital visits are postponed, substantially reducing the possibilities for patient recruitment and follow-up. Many resources primarily used for research and clinical and translational studies have shifted to the diagnostics and management of COVID-19; although this shift testifies to the positive robustness and flexibility of the medical system, it inevitably slows down other, at this moment “nonessential,” research activities. Many physicians are working on COVID-19–related topics and with patients with COVID-19, temporarily suspending their regular research activities. In the situation of lockdown set by governments, researchers continued working on the already available specimens and data from their home offices and communicating via web-based platforms [2]. Despite no apparent decline in manuscript submissions, a reduction in publishing by women has already been observed in some fields [3], suggesting that the real consequences for scientific publishing are yet to come. Processing already available data and manuscript preparation is possible from home, but patient recruitment and conduction of ongoing clinical trials are essential for further scientific breakthroughs. In this context, scientific progress will be one of many victims of COVID-19, and discoveries related to a spectrum of diseases other than COVID-19 will be delayed, especially if funding is reduced [4,5]. Although risk management strategies are a regular part of scientific work and are already obligatory at the step of writing grant proposals, this prolonged uncertainty and worldwide blockade go beyond what anyone could have imagined as a “force majeure. ” Therefore, we need to find new, creative solutions for continuing research in such situations, guaranteeing safety for patients, researchers, and research quality, to ensure that the society is not deprived of new discoveries in medicine. In this context, computer-based simulations and analysis of open data will become increasingly important in the future.
Gender as a moderator of the association of military sexual trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms.

OBJECTIVE The current study examined the moderating role of gender on the association of military sexual trauma (MST) type (harassment-only vs. assault) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) using the 6-factor Anhedonia Model. METHODS Participants were 1321 service members/veterans. Two-part hurdle models assessed the moderating role of gender on the association of MST type with the presence (at least "moderate" symptoms endorsed within each cluster) or severity of PTSS and symptom clusters. RESULTS Among those who experienced assault MST, women were at higher risk for the presence of intrusive, avoidance, negative affect, and anhedonia symptoms, and higher risk for more severe negative affect symptoms. Among those who experienced harassment-only MST, men were at higher risk of more severe PTSS symptoms overall and in the intrusive and dysphoric arousal symptom clusters. No other significant differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS Gathering information on MST type may be helpful in treatment planning.
On the robustness of latent class models for diagnostic testing with no gold standard

It is difficult to estimate sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests when there is no gold standard. Latent class models have been proposed as a potential solution as they provide estimates without the need for a gold standard. Using a motivating example of the evaluation of point of care tests for leptospirosis in Tanzania, we show how a realistic violation of assumptions underpinning the latent class model can lead directly to substantial bias in the estimates of the parameters of interest. In particular, we consider the robustness of estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and prevalence, to the presence of additional latent states when fitting a two‐state latent class model. The violation is minor in the sense that it cannot be routinely detected with goodness‐of‐fit procedures, but is major with regard to the resulting bias.