Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
microRNA-19a protects osteoblasts from dexamethasone via targeting TSC1

Activation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) could protect human osteoblasts from dexamethasone. Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) is mTORC1 upstream inhibitory protein. We demonstrate here that microRNA-19a (“miR-19a”, -3p) targets the 3' untranslated regions of TSC1 mRNA. Expression of miR-19a downregulated TSC1 in OB-6 osteoblastic cells and primary human osteoblasts. miR-19a activated mTORC1 and protected human osteoblasts from dexamethasone. mTORC1 inhibition, by RAD001 or Raptor shRNA, almost completely abolished miR-19a-induced osteoblast cytoprotection against dexamethasone. Knockdown of TSC1 by targeted shRNA similarly induced mTORC1 activation and protected osteoblasts. Moreover, miR-19a activated mTORC1-dependent NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling and inhibited dexamethasone-induced reactive oxygen species production in osteoblasts. Together, miR-19a protects human osteoblasts from dexamethasone possibly via targeting TSC1-mTORC1 signaling.
Obesity-Associated Laminitis , and Pasture-Associated Laminitis

In a recent online survey, we asked equine practitioners to list the three most common causes of laminitis in horses seen within their practice. We expected veterinarians to list colitis, colic, and retained placenta as the primary causes of laminitis, but many respondents listed obesity, insulin resistance (IR), equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), and lush pasture. These results reflect the prevalence of endocrine/metabolic problems in horses that are seen in general practice. We will examine these problems and discuss the potential mechanisms involved in endocrinopathic laminitis.
Inferior Concha Bullosa Communicating into the Maxillary Sinus : Case Report

Concha bullosa or conchal pneumatization refers to the presence of an air cell within a nasal turbinate. Pneumatization is most commonly seen in the middle turbinate followed by the superior turbinate. Pneumatized inferior turbinate is rare, and most of the papers in the literature appear as case reports. In this study, a 33-year-old female patient complaining from unilateral nasal stuffiness and intermittent headache is presented. Symptomatology, diagnostic and therapeutic methods for inferior concha bullosa is discussed. In clinical practice, the pneumatization status should well be studied on the scans before sinus and turbinate surgery and inferior concha bullosa should be kept in mind.
Lane Changing Prediction Modeling on Highway Ramps : Approaches and Analysis

The lane-change maneuver prediction system for human drivers is valuable for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) in terms of avoiding unnecessary maneuver efforts or unsafe merging, as well as encouraging lane-change behaviors that could increase travel efficiency. Learning the decision-making process of an intended lane changing is essential to model semi/full autonomous vehicles control systems. However, it will be a highly complicated decision-making model if analyzed explicitly, since the observation space is of high dimension, and the transition states are connected sequentially. In this paper, we proposed general machine learning approaches to generalize the lane-change model, and classified the most indicating features that may lead to a lane-change maneuver in the near future. The detailed vehicle trajectory data on highway ramps was found from the Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM). The predictor was modeled on three different approaches: logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The predictor was trained on high dimensional features for each lane changing/keeping event, including six time steps of characteristic information from both the ego vehicle and three surrounding vehicles. The results show that the lane changing can be predicted with high accuracy in all three algorithms, among which ANN reaches the best performance.
Optical holograms based on carbon nanotubes

The size of pixels is one of the key limiting features in the state of the art of holographic displays systems. The resolution and field of view in these systems are dictated by the size of the pixel (the smallest light scattering element). We have demonstrated the utilization of carbon nanotubes (nanostructures) as the smallest possible scattering element for diffracting light in a highly controlled manner to produce a two dimensional image. An array of carbon nanotubes was elegantly patterned to produce a high resolution hologram. In response to the incident light on the hologram a high contrast image was produced. Due to the nanoscale dimension of the carbon nanotube array the image presented a wide field of view and high resolution. These results pave way towards the utilization of nanostructures for producing 3D holograms with wide field of view and high resolution.
Leaky-Wave Thinned Phased Array in PCB Technology for Telecommunication Applications

We present a practical implementation of a leaky-wave thinned phased array in printed circuit board (PCB) technology. In this paper, we demonstrate that a reduction of the grating lobes, and therefore an improved gain in a thinned phased array, with respect to standard solutions, is achieved by virtue of the angular filtering introduced by a leaky-wave cavity in the far field. The presented array is designed in PCB and integrated with an inductive partial reflective surface. A full study of the performances of the 7×7 phased array antenna for several scanning angles and frequencies is presented. This paper shows an improved gain, directivity, grating lobe level, back lobe level, beam efficiency, and active reflection coefficient with respect to a reference solution based on 2 × 2 subarrays. The results are validated via the measurements of a 3 × 3 array prototype.
A comparative evaluation of signal injection methods for PMSM self-sensing control

This paper presents a comparative evaluation of signal injection methods for self-sensing control of PMSM motor. Persistent voltage excitation can be performed in stationary or estimated reference-frame, this work reviews these methods and evaluates the performance under self-sensing speed control, robustness to dead-time effect, generated pulsating torque and dynamic stiffness. A complete set of simulation results are presented.
Wapengebruik en letsel bij geweldsmisdrijven: Een onderzoek naar de samenhang van dader-, doelwit- en situationele kenmerken met de wijze van geweldpleging

Over de wijze waarop geweldsmisdrijven worden gepleegd is relatief weinig bekend, zeker in vergelijking met andere onderzoekstradities op het gebied van geweld, zoals macroanalyses van de omvang van geweldscriminaliteit (bijvoorbeeld Van Wilsem, 2004) en microanalyses van risicofactoren voor de betrokkenheid bij (gewelds)misdrijven (bijvoorbeeld Sampson & Laub, 1993). Als gevolg van de beperkte kennis over de aard van geweldsdelicten staan nog veel vragen open over de omstandigheden die de ernst van geweldscriminaliteit beïnvloeden. In dit artikel komt een tweetal zaken aan de orde met betrekking tot deze ernst. Ten eerste worden de omstandigheden bestudeerd die samenhangen met wapengebruik tijdens geweldsincidenten. Worden wapens bijvoorbeeld eerder gebruikt onder omstandigheden waarbij dit minder de aandacht trekt, zoals in het donker of binnenshuis? Of worden zij vooral gebruikt indien geweld wordt gepleegd tegen doelwitten die anders moeilijk onder controle zouden kunnen worden gehouden, zoals een man of een groep slachtoff ers? Ten tweede wordt stilgestaan bij de relatie tussen de aanwezigheid van wapens en het letsel van het slachtoff er. Ondervinden slachtoff ers vaker letsel bij incidenten waarbij wapens zijn gebruikt of juist minder vaak, bijvoorbeeld omdat het slachtoff er zich bij vertoon van een wapen minder verweert?
Specificity and transmission in two shallow water thiotrophic symbioses

Die ‚Domestikation‘ von chemosynthetischen mit chemoautotrophen schwefeloxidierenden Bakterien ist von Mitgliedern aus sechs eukaryoten Stammen bekannt. Die Symbionten von meiofauna Wirtsgruppen aus subtidalen Flachwassersanden - Nematoden sowie darmlose Oligochaeten - formen eine Clade von Gammaproteobakterien. Die Ektosymbionten der Nematoden werden wahrscheinlich aus der Umwelt ubertragen und ich zeige erstmals freilebende Verwandte aus kustenfernen Oberflachenwassern. Die Symbionten von Stilbonematinen wie Laxus oneistus sind in eine Schleimschichte eingebettet, die das an der Anheftung der Symbionten beteiligte Wirtslektin Mermaid enthalt. Ich zeige, dass Stilbonema majum – ein mit L. oneistus gemeinsam vorkommender Stilbonematinae – von verwandten aber eigenstandigen Symbionten besiedelt ist. Die Selektionsmechanismen fur einen monospezifischen bakteriellen Uberzug, der fur Laxus oneistus und andere Stilbonematinae typisch ist, werden anhand von Mermaid-Transkripten beider Wirtsarten untersucht. Mehrere gefundene Isoformen, bei denen nur eine bis drei von 105 Aminosauren im Zuckerbindungszentrum variieren, zeigen hohere Bindungsaktivitaten zu den Symbionten des Wirtes, bei dem sie gefunden wurden und wirken in der Anheftung und der spezifischen Selektion von Symbionten mit. Die Partner in thiotrophen Symbiosen schienen bisher nur aus zwei Klassen zu stammen – den Gamma- und Epsilonproteobakterien. Gemeinsam mit den darmlosen Oligochaeten und Nematoden findet man oft mund- und darmlose catenulide Plattwurmer der Gattung Paracatenula. Ich beschreibe die groste und haufigste Paracatenula Art aus dem Barriere Riff von Belize und zeige, dass die intrazellularen Symbionten der Paracatenula Plattwurmer eine neue Familie von thiotrophen Alphaproteobakterien darstellen. Die kongruenten Stammbaume der Wirte und Symbionten in dieser 500 Millionen Jahre alten Assoziation weisen auf eine vertikale Weitergabe Symbionten von einer Wirtsgeneration zu nachsten hin.
Concepts and Issues in COA Research

Estimates of the number of children of alcoholics (COA’s) and the prevalence of alcohol use disorders among them can vary widely from study to study depending on research design features such as sample selection, data collection strategies, and assessment methods. Although investigators agree that COA’s are at higher risk for developing alcohol use disorders than children of nonalcoholics, problems with alcohol are not an inevitable consequence of COA status. Recent research has identified numerous biological, psychological, and social factors associated with a family history of alcoholism that may play a role in determining whether COA’s will develop an alcohol use disorder. The conceptual model presented in this article gives a general overview of how such risk factors can interact with life stressors to influence alcohol-related behavior in COA’s. (Subsequent articles in this issue explore some of the specific factors identified in the model in greater depth.)
Moderating Effects of Moderate-Intensity Physical Activity in the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Interleukin-6 in Primary Care Patients

Objective: To determine whether the relationship between interleukin (IL)-6 and depressive symptoms is moderated by participation in moderate-intensity physical activity in a sample of primary care patients. Elevated inflammation has been associated with a number of poor health outcomes. Depressive symptoms may be related to higher levels of the inflammatory marker IL-6; however, previous findings are inconsistent, possibly due to unidentified moderating factors. Methods: A total of 107 participants, aged ≥40 years, were recruited in Rochester, New York, in 2006 to 2007. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised, participation in moderate-intensity physical activity was measured using a modified version of the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors Activity Questionnaire for Older Adults, and serum IL-6 concentrations were determined using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay protocols and high-sensitivity, anti-cytokine antibody pairs. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The correlation between IL-6 and depressive symptoms was nonsignificant (r = .086, p = .40). The association between IL-6 and depressive symptoms was moderated by participation in moderate-intensity physical activity (p = .02). Among those who did not engage in moderate-intensity physical activity, higher levels of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with higher levels of IL-6 (r = .28, p = .05), whereas this association was not significant among those who did participate in moderate-intensity physical activity (r = −.13, p = .38). Conclusion: Participation in moderate-intensity physical activity may buffer the risk of higher inflammation often associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. IL = interleukin; CESD-R = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised.
Do pre‐admonition suggestions moderate the effect of unbiased lineup instructions?

We examined the additive and interactive effects of pre-admonition suggestion and lineup instructions (biased or unbiased) on eyewitness identification rates. Participants watched a mock crime video, completed a target-absent lineup identification, and completed a retrospective memory questionnaire. Prior to attempting an identification, participants were either exposed or not exposed to pre-admonition suggestions and received biased or unbiased lineup instructions. The pre-admonition suggestion indicated that it was likely that the perpetrator was in the lineup (surely, you can pick the perpetrator). The pre-admonition suggestion increased false identification in the unbiased lineup condition. Furthermore, those who received the pre-admonition suggestion were more certain in their identifications as well as other testimony-relevant judgments than were those who did not receive the pre-admonition suggestion. These results suggest that pre-lineup suggestion can mitigate the beneficial effects of unbiased lineup instructions.
Response of a circumbinary accretion disc to black hole mass loss

We investigate the evolution of the surface density of a circumbinary accretion disc after the mass loss induced by the merger of two supermassive black holes. We first introduce an analytical model, under the assumption of a disc composed of test particles, to derive the surface density evolution of the disc following the mass loss. The model predicts the formation of sharp density peaks in the disc; the model also allows us to compute the typical time-scale for the formation of these peaks. To test and validate the model, we run numerical simulations of the process using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code phantom, taking fluid effects into account. We find good agreement in the shape and position of the peaks between the model and the simulations. In a fluid disc, however, the epicyclic oscillations induced by the mass loss can dissipate, and only some of the predicted peaks form in the simulation. To quantify how fast this dissipation proceeds, we introduce an appropriate parameter, and we show that it is effective in explaining the differences between the analytical, collisionless model and a real fluid disc.
Analysis and VLSI High Speed of Parallel Causal EBCOT Architecture for Image Compression

Embedded block coding with optimized truncation (EBCOT) is a key algorithm in digital cinema (DC) distribution system. Though several high speed EBCOT architectures exist, all are not capable of meeting the DC specifications. With the augmentation in multimedia technology, demand for high speed real time image compression system has also increased. JPEG2000 is a relatively new image compression standard which builds and improves on its predecessor JPEG. In Jpeg 2000 the embedded Block Coding with Optimal Truncation (EBCOT) is the most important element to calculate the very hard portion in the compressing process of JPEG 2000 image compression standard. This paper proposes a Parallel Bit Plane Coding (BPC) architecture in which three coding passes operate in parallel and are allowed to progress independently.
Switching to tianeptine in patients with antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction

Sexual side effects are frequent and are recently being considered as effects of antidepressant treatment. One method to improve the sexual dysfunction associated with the use of antidepressants is to change to another antidepressant. In the present work, the consequences of switching to tianeptine in patients with antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction were studied. The study group comprised 23 patients with major depressive disorder who experienced antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction. These antidepressants were stopped and switched to tianeptine (12.5 mg × 3/day). All patients were screened by using the clinical global impression‐improvement scale (CGI‐I), the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM‐D) and the Arizona sexual experience scale (ASEX) at the beginning of the study, and at weeks 4 and 8. No patient failed to tolerate 37.5 mg of tianeptine or to complete the study except for one patient becoming pregnant. Paired t‐tests revealed a significant difference between baseline and week 4 or week 8 in scores on both the HAM‐D and ASEX. At 8 weeks, six patients were rated as very much improved (CGI‐I = 1) and ten patients were rated as much improved (CGI‐I = 2). Thus, with a CGI‐I score of 2 or less used to indicate a positive response, 72.7% of the patients were responders. The results suggest that switching to tianeptine appears to be useful for alleviating sexual dysfunction caused by other antidepressants. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring Knowledge Management Performance

This is a theoretical paper that has the purpose of reviewing previous experiences based on surveying the extant literature with the aim of delving into the subject of Knowledge Management (KM) Performance. It is an attempt to try to identify performance indicators for measuring KM systems. The paper presents important works related to direct KM performance and another way of evaluating KM performance based on the use of KM strategy. It discusses the different experiences of the large international companies in assessing KM performance and proposes a categorization matrix that classifies the performance indicators for potential use in KM performance measurements. Based on the revealed finding, the paper proceeds to present suggestions for future research in the area.
Interactions of nanowires with cells and tissue

III-V nanowires have tunable dimensions, between 40 nm and 100 nm in diameter and between 1 and 15 μm in length. Due to their small diameter, they are ideal candidates to interact with cells without detrimental effects on the cell viability. Nanowires can be used as sensors: in our case, we have shown that arrays of vertical gallium phosphide nanowires are promising materials for biosensing in membranes, neural implant development as well as for cellular mechanosensing. Moreover, due to the exceptional control one can achieve during synthesis over their geometrical and optical properties, III-V nanowires are ideal materials to investigate the interactions of high aspect ratio nanoparticles with living cells and tissue.
Switched capacitor DC-DC converter based current equalization scheme for maximum power extraction from partially shaded PV modules without bypass diodes

The use of `by pass' diodes to prevent damage to series connected photovoltaic (PV) modules of a PV array in case of partial shading leads to complete power loss from the shaded modules. This paper explains the use of Switched Capacitor (SC) dc-dc converters in place of module by pass diodes to prevent power loss from partially shaded modules. SC converters have the advantage of being compact, cost effective and highly efficient under certain operating conditions. An SC converter is connected across each PV module. The SC converter injects an equalization current across the PV module while maintaining the module at its maximum power point voltage. The injected equalization current is the difference between the maximum current generated by any of the series connected PV modules and the current of that particular PV module. This enables the PV array to conduct the current corresponding to the current of the module generating maximum current. Thus partially shaded modules are allowed to generate what ever power they can. The choice of an optimum charge transfer capacitor for the SC converter and its efficiency issues are also discussed.
OINT S TOCHASTIC A PPROXIMATION LEARNING OF H ELMHOLTZ M ACHINES

Though with progress, model learning and performing posterior inference still remains a common challenge for using deep generative models, especially for handling discrete hidden variables. This paper is mainly concerned with algorithms for learning Helmholz machines, which is characterized by pairing the generative model with an auxiliary inference model. A common drawback of previous learning algorithms is that they indirectly optimize some bounds of the targeted marginal log-likelihood. In contrast, we successfully develop a new class of algorithms, based on stochastic approximation (SA) theory of the Robbins-Monro type, to directly optimize the marginal log-likelihood and simultaneously minimize the inclusive KL-divergence. The resulting learning algorithm is thus called joint SA (JSA). Moreover, we construct an effective MCMC operator for JSA. Our results on the MNIST datasets demonstrate that the JSA’s performance is consistently superior to that of competing algorithms like RWS, for learning a range of difficult models.
Spectral methods for nonstationary spatial processes

SUMMARY We propose a nonstationary periodogram and various parametric approaches for estimating the spectral density of a nonstationary spatial process. We also study the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators via shrinking asymptotics, assuming the distance between neighbouring observations tends to zero as the size of the observation region grows without bound. With this type of asymptotic model we can uniquely determine the spectral density, avoiding the aliasing problem. We also present a new class of nonstationary processes, based on a convolution of local stationary processes. This model has the advantage that the model is simultaneously defined everywhere, unlike 'moving window' approaches, but it retains the attractive property that, locally in small regions, it behaves like a stationary spatial process. Applications include the spatial analysis and modelling of air pollution data provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency.
Basic trends in electronic components product range development: Radiation hardness aspects

Electronic components intellectual capabilities growth is based on the usage of microelectronic's technology: processes, CAD-approaches, structures and devices. Microelectronics implementation into all functional groups of electronic parts is declared to become the basic trend in their product range development. These phenomena essentially reduce the radiation hardness values of the devices that previously had been considered to be extremely radhard.