Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aalborg Universitet Traffic sign detection and analysis Recent studies and emerging

Traffic sign recognition (TSR) is a research field that has seen much activity in the recent decade. This paper introduces the problem and presents 4 recent papers on traffic sign detection and 4 recent papers on traffic sign classification. It attempts to extract recent trends in the field and touch upon unexplored areas, especially the lack of research into integrating TSR with a driver-in-the-loop system and some of the problems that presents. TSR is an exciting field with great promises for integration in driver assistance systems and that particular area deserves to be explored further.
Skeleton-Based Hand Gesture Recognition by Learning SPD Matrices with Neural Networks

In this paper, we propose a new hand gesture recognition method based on skeletal data by learning SPD matrices with neural networks. We model the hand skeleton as a graph and introduce a neural network for SPD matrix learning, taking as input the 3D coordinates of hand joints. The proposed network is based on two newly designed layers that transform a set of SPD matrices into a SPD matrix. For gesture recognition, we train a linear SVM classifier using features extracted from our network. Experimental results on a challenging dataset (Dynamic Hand Gesture dataset from the SHREC 2017 3D Shape Retrieval Contest) show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Even-odd dependent optical transitions of zigzag monolayer black phosphorus nanoribbons.

We analytically study the electronic structures and optical properties of zigzag-edged black phosphorene nanoribbons (ZPNRs) utilizing the tight-binding (TB) Hamiltonian and Kubo formula. By solving the discrete Schordinger equation directly, we obtain the energy spectra and wavefunctions for a $N$-ZPNR with $N$ number of transverse zigzag atomic chains, and classify the eigenstates according to the lattice symmetry. We then obtain the optical transition selection rule of ZPNRs based on the symmetry analysis and the analytical expressions of the optical transition matrix elements. Under an incident light linearly-polarized along the ribbon, importantly, we find that the optical transition selection rule for the $N$-ZPNR with even- or odd-$N$ is qualitatively different. In specification, for even-$N$ ZPNRs the inter- (intra-) band selection rule is $\Delta n=$odd (even), since the parity of the wavefunction corresponding to the $n$th subband in the conduction (valence) band is $(-1)^{n}[(-1)^{(n+1)}]$ due to the presence of the $C_{2x}$ symmetry. In contrast, all optical transitions are possible among all subbands due to the absence of the $C_{2x}$ symmetry. Our findings provide a further understanding on the electronic states and optical properties of ZPNRs, which are useful in the explanation of the optical experiment data on ZPNR samples.
Visual Responses to Time-Dependent Stimuli . * I . Amplitude Sensitivity

With sinusoidal modulation of the radiance of the stimulus as a function of time, amplitude thresholds are measured instead of the repetition-rate thresholds usually obtained in flicker-fusion experiments. Controlling the modulation amplitude independently of the time-average radiance provides an additional degree of freedom, so that the observer's adaptation level can be held constant while his amplitude sensitivity is measured as a function of the modulation frequency. With an "edgeless" flickering field, these amplitude sensitivity curves show a broad peak of maximum visual response, in the region from 10 to 20 cps at high photopic levels. Such classic relationships as the Ferry-Porter, Talbot-Plateau, and Weber-Fechner laws are derivable from the present results, as descriptions of the behavior of certain parts of the amplitude sensitivity curves as functions of adaptation level.
ActiveInk: (Th)Inking with Data

During sensemaking, people annotate insights: underlining sentences in a document or circling regions on a map. They jot down their hypotheses: drawing correlation lines on scatterplots or creating personal legends to track patterns. We present ActiveInk, a system enabling people to seamlessly transition between exploring data and externalizing their thoughts using pen and touch. ActiveInk enables the natural use of pen for active reading behaviors, while supporting analytic actions by activating any of these ink strokes. Through a qualitative study with eight participants, we contribute observations of active reading behaviors during data exploration and design principles to support sensemaking.
Which Methodology ? A Proposed Comparison of Studies in Real-Life , Video , and VR

Research in context of Autonomous Vehicle (AV) and pedestrian interaction includes difficult challenges. For example, AVs are not yet publicly available. Therefore, meaningful research is mainly performed in controlled environments e.g., closed test tracks or laboratory settings. Such studies represent only an approximation of reality. It cannot be assumed that participants behave in the same way as in the real world. The validity of results from such studies might be limited, since consequences of misbehavior (e.g., collisions) do not imply physical damage. We will uncover to what extend pedestrian behaviour differs in context of three discriminative methodological approaches: (1) a real world study, (2) a video-based setting and (3) an investigation in Virtual Reality (VR). The study scenario will focus on pedestrians’ willingness to cross a street with an autonomous vehicle present. We expect to get valuable insights for the research community by uncovering differences in results regarding each study modality.
Trajectory reweighting for non-equilibrium steady states

Modern methods for sampling rugged landscapes in state space mainly rely on knowledge of the relative probabilities of microstates, which is given by the Boltzmann factor for equilibrium systems. In principle, trajectory reweighting provides an elegant way to extend these algorithms to non-equilibrium systems, by numerically calculating the relative weights that can be directly substituted for the Boltzmann factor. We show that trajectory reweighting has many commonalities with Rosenbluth sampling for chain macromolecules, including practical problems which stem from the fact that both are iterated importance sampling schemes: for long trajectories the distribution of trajectory weights becomes very broad and trajectories carrying high weights are infrequently sampled, yet long trajectories are unavoidable in rugged landscapes. For probing the probability landscapes of genetic switches and similar systems, these issues preclude the straightforward use of trajectory reweighting. The analogy to Rosenbluth sampling suggests though that path-ensemble methods such as PERM (pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method) could provide a way forward. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
On Footwear and Disability: A Dance of Animacy?

In order to explore what an anthropological material culture approach to disability would comprise, we take Tim Ingold’s morphogenetic approach to life as continuously unfolding, a result of things engaged in a dance of animacy, and in processes of ‘making’ as our central point of departure. This approach allows for a continued understanding of disability’s constructed nature; however, this approach is one that has a material, and not a discursive, point of view. We will focus on footwear and explore its material and evolutionary history, and how it has been shaped throughout different historical periods and in different parts of the world. Our central understanding of a material approach to disability is one that concerns how body-objects, such as shoes, are to be remembered. Therefore, we start with research in an archive of human material culture, namely a collection of clothing and footwear, situated in North America. We will then focus on recent contemporary African and Asian engagement with prosthetic shoes for physically disabled people. These examples are then confronted with a well-known case from the Chinese cultural repertoire; namely, that of bound feet and lotus shoes. By examining many examples from across the globe, we intend to illustrate the many ways in which the body, shoes, and the ground, all correspond to each other in a dance of animacy. Disability is sometimes an instigator, and, in many cases, either a mediator or an accelerator, within this correspondence. Materially, the making and use of footwear is a central component to one being classified as a synaesthetic sentient being in the world. Shoes for disabled people are designed with the feet in mind, and their construction is a more labor-intense process than it would be for those who have lesser degrees of disability. It appears that disability is not a matter of either/or, but is instead a matter of degrees of vulnerability. The bodily function of walking, as well as shoes themselves, are articulated in space and time. Theoretically, we ask whether disability might also advance our understanding of humans beyond thinking in terms of normative standards and of the modern, given that the areas examined here involve processes of making, correspondence, and ultimately life itself. We claim that the human is to be found in the dance of animacy, shoes–feet–ground, and that disability is felt and articulated in materiality. We also claim that the posthuman, as observed in the human–machine connection, may have always existed after all. Finally, we will explain how the human and the modern can be found in the materially-made nature of disability, and we suggest that it might be better to orient future research from a transmodern perspective that contextualizes disability in multiple ways in which one might be considered to be modern.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Partially massless fields during inflation

The representation theory of de Sitter space allows for a category of partially massless particles which have no flat space analog, but could have existed during inflation. We study the couplings of these exotic particles to inflationary perturbations and determine the resulting signatures in cosmological correlators. When inflationary perturbations interact through the exchange of these fields, their correlation functions inherit scalings that cannot be mimicked by extra massive fields. We discuss in detail the squeezed limit of the tensor-scalar-scalar bispectrum, and show that certain partially massless fields can violate the tensor consistency relation of single-field inflation. We also consider the collapsed limit of the scalar trispectrum, and find that the exchange of partially massless fields enhances its magnitude, while giving no contribution to the scalar bispectrum. These characteristic signatures provide clean detection channels for partially massless fields during inflation.
AUTOMATION DERIVATION OF APPLICATION-A WARE ERROR DETECTORS USING COMPILER ANALYSIS

This paper presents a technique to derive and implement error detectors to protect an application from data errors. The error detectors are derived automatically using compiler-based static analysis from the backward program slice o f critical variables in the program. Critical variables are defined as those that are highly sensitive to errors, and deriving error detectors fo r these variables provides high coverage for errors in any data value used in the program. The error detectors take the form o f checking expressions and are optimized fo r each control flow path followed at runtime. The derived detectors are implemented using a combination o f hardware and software and constantly monitor the application at runtime. I f an error is detected at runtime, the application is stopped so as to prevent error propagation and enable a clean recovery. Experiments show that the derived detectors achieve low-overhead error detection while providing high coverage for errors that matter to the application.
Is the lower Hudson-Raritan estuary a suitable habitat for Gonyaulax tamarensis?

The toxic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tarnarensis Lebour [ = Protogonyaulax tamarensis (Lebour emend. Taylor) Taylor = Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech] has not been identified in the lower Hudson-Raritan estuary, a characteristically hypertrophic, contaminated system but is widespread and sometimes abundant in nearby Long Island, New York waters. Our hypothesis is that anthropogenic contaminants can be important regulators of G. tamarensis in the Hudson-Raritan estuary. To address this, we conducted a series of bioassays of water collected from 2 locales in Lower New York Bay during July through September, the usual period of flagellate maxima. In the assays. G. tamarensjs growth regulation by nitrogen, phosphorus and vitamins was relatively unimportant, less important than that of one or more components of a metals mix. Nitrogen had a primary limiting role or shared primary importance with other enrichments in just 7 and 18% of the assays, respectively; phosphorus and vitamins were less limiting. Growth inhibition in the assays, which could be relieved by chelation and/or treatment of the water with activated carbon, was prevalent. Assuming the persistence of similar chemical water quality in Lower New York Bay, the results suggest that, although nutrient limitation of G. tamarensis would be improbable, this habitat would not be generally favorable. However, because the dinoflagellate grew relatively well in the unenriched, untreated bay water in 20 O/ O of the assays, and at least survived in most of the remainder, the chemical water quality does not appear to exclude it. We conclude that G. tamarensis is unlikely to become a principal resident phytoplankter in the bay, assuming its introduction, but it may be able to establish itself temporarily when water quality is favorable for the species.
Changes in Density of Mitochondria and Glyoxysomes from Neurospora crassa: a Re-evaluation Utilizing Silica Sol Gradient Centrifugation

The buoyant density of isolated mitochondria and glyoxysomes obtained from Neurospora crassa grown under different conditions was investigated by density-gradient centrifugation on Percoll. Mitochondria isolated from N. crassa in the exponential phase of growth with sucrose as the carbon source were more dense (1·077; g ml-1) than those isolated from hyphae in the stationary phase (1·069; to 1·073; g ml-1). A second population of mitochondria (density 1·059; to 1·061; g ml-1) was also present in the stationary phase. When N. crassa was grown with acetate as the carbon source, mitochondria isolated from hyphae in the exponential phase of growth were found to be less dense (1·079; g ml-1) than those present in the stationary phase (1·089; g ml-1). The glyoxysomes were found to be less dense than the mitochondria and their density decreased from 1·076; to 1·055; g ml-1 as the hyphae aged.
Poison Exposure in the Emergency Department: A Singaporean Experience

Introduction Poison exposure is a significant problem in emergency departments (EDs) with high admission rates. Our study aims were to describe the demographics, exposure patterns and clinical outcomes of our ED patients as well as to explore predictors of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) / High Dependency (HD) admission. Methods In this retrospective study, we recruited patients aged over 16 years who presented with poison exposure to our ED over one year. We collected demographical and clinical data using our hospital databases. Primary outcomes were mortality rate and disposition status. Secondary outcomes were predictors for ICU/HD admission. Logistic regression was applied to identify these predictors. Results We recruited 615 patients from an ED attendance of 162,159. Four hundred and nineteen (68%) patients were females; the majority [410 (66.7%)] was Chinese. The median age was 33 years [interquartile range (IQR): 24-44]. Four hundred fifty-six (74.1%) and 159 (25.9%) exposures were intentional or accidental respectively. There were no mortalities. The majority [466 (75.8%)] was admitted to the general ward and only 24 (3.9%) cases were ICU/HD admissions. We identified four factors associated with ICU/HD admission. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg), pupillary changes, previous psychiatric history and tricyclic antidepressant overdose were 19.7 (5.57-69.65), 31.9 (7.01-145.76), 3.1 (1.08-9.07) and 30.1 (9.40-96.52) respectively. Conclusions Poison exposure is an infrequent ED occurrence with high admission rates but low mortality. Our study identified risk factors for ICU/HD admission that could be used in future studies to triage at-risk patients for treatment escalation.
The impact of feedback on goal setting and task performance - Testing the feedback intervention theory

This research project was undertaken in response to Kluger and DeNisi’s (1996) call for more primary studies to investigate specific propositions of the feedback intervention theory (FIT). To study the assumptions of FIT on the level of task-motivation processes, we analyzed the impact of combined positive and negative feedback. Participants (N = 413) performed a series of tasks in which they were to indicate the number of athletes appearing in short video sequences of different sports. After each task performance the participants received manipulated feedback and were to choose between predetermined options (e.g., raise the level of difficulty, maintain the level of difficulty). We found that the participants most frequently raised the difficulty level after receiving positive feedback and maintained the level after receiving negative feedback. There were no significant differences in the performance of participants who raised and those who maintained the difficulty level after receiving positive or nega.
CIRCULAR RNA IN COLORECTAL CANCER : NEW ADVANCES

A newly revived area of research in the field of RNA is the circular RNA (circRNA). Although only very recently identified to be a pertinent player in the regulation of cellular processes, it has become a hotspot for research regarding many disease processes. Due to their unique structural properties they have caught the attention of scientists as potential biomarkers of disease. Moreover, as they have been found to have global influence on cellular processes, they are also thought to have potential as novel therapeutic targets. Here we review the salient features of circular RNAs and provide an update on the studies which explore the relationship between circular RNAs and colorectal cancer.
Broad Issues of Editing And Imputation For Population Censuses DRAFT

imputation (E&I) in the context of population census data. E&I should eliminate non-response and inconsistent responses in an effective but conservative manner. It should be possible to specify edits easily and then either do minimum change donor imputation or specify deterministic imputation actions. In addition, the user should be able to evaluate the results easily during Census production to determine if the imputation should be redone. Because usually not all census variables can be processed simultaneously, the variables should be partitioned into groups and then these groups should be processed sequentially or in parallel.
Considering a Model for Sustainable Energy Planning Under Uncertainty

In this paper, real options theory is utilized to evaluate the effect of uncertain electricity and CO2 costs on speculation conduct. Methodologically, the allegiance of the newspaper in this appreciation is that uncertainty is not just stopped down as far as stochastic processes and their fluctuation, additionally as far as expected and acknowledged procedures, i.e. the procedures, which are used as a constituent of the progression system, and the processes that the speculator really confronts when picking the choices as per his ideal methodology. We utilize the components of portfolio theory and consolidate them in a vintage setting, keeping in mind the end goal to conquer the lack of it and advantage from that focal point, while as yet having the capacity to think about element portfolios. The idea is to not just discover portfolios that augment returns subject to a predefined level of danger or the other way around keeping in mind the end goal to place the ideal system of innovations at a period in time, yet to decide the ideal means of advancement of such a portfolio after some time, given changing information costs and continuous mechanical advancement and exposure about these processes. In other words, we locate the ideal portfolio over advancements, as well as crosswise over time and quality.
Structural Modelling of Financial Constraints on Investment: Where Do We Stand?

This paper surveys issues with respect to the structural modelling of econometric tests of investment facing financial constraints, to their link with firms data and asset prices, and to their consequences for macroeconomic modelling. The key issue is to provide conditions which support the interpretation of the sensitivity of investment to liquidity variables such as cash flow as a measure of financial constraints. The structural modelling of investment facing financial constraints is also limited by the structural modelling of the forces driving investment dynamics such as adjustment costs, which has not been so successful empirically.
Mining And Application of User Behavior Pattern Based on Operation And Maintenance Data

In order to provide users with personalized services, or to implement user-centric management, operators usually need to collect various information of users. However, in an actual network scenario, such information is often difficult to obtain accurately due to reasons such as protecting user privacy and avoiding interference with the user experience process. Common methods such as setting up a laboratory network environment, implementing user research, etc., are difficult to implement in the live network. Through the service log of the network device interface, this paper extracts a variety of data related to the user’s network behavior, and proposes a comprehensive multi-dimensional data user behavior expression method, which is transformed into the expression of user behavior, including time, space and behavior semantics. For the user’s daily network behavior, we propose a user behavior symbolization method for different application scenarios, and propose a user behavior pattern mining method based on PrefixSpan to mine the user behavior sequence pattern after symbolization. This method can mine the patterns of user behavior and behavior from the data, and provide the basis for personalized service and management. We used the http connection log of all mobile users of a carrier in a city for one day to conduct our experiments.