Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An approach to ensiling conditions for preservation of cassava foliage in Cambodia

An experiment was designed at laboratory scale to study the effect of time (0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days), origin of the cultivar (Kampong Cham province and Chamcar Daung, Phnom Penh) and levels of added sugar palm syrup (2.5, 5 and 7.5% in fresh basis) for ensiling of cassava foliage. Average air temperature was 27 °C, and crude protein content of both sources of cassava foliages was 18.1 and 22.2% in dry basis, respectively. There was no significant interactions between factors studied. The overall pH profile of the ensiled material showed a sharp drop at 14 days after ensiling ( from 6.10 to 3.73), with slight fluctuations thereafter. A significant effect (P<0.001 ) of sugar palm syrup concentration on pH values was found in favour of 5% addition of the source of carbohydrate. There was a significant correlation (R² = 0.31; P<0.001) between pH values and neutralizing capacity of the preserved material. The cyanide concentration of the silages exhibited a significant negative (P<0.001) linear dependence on time. In spite of the fact that the Kampong Cham variety had a higher initial HCN content (86 mg/kg fresh foliage) as compared to that from Chamcar Daung (73 mg/kg fresh leaves), there were no differences in HCN content after 56 days of ensiling (overall value, 20 mg/kg fresh foliage).
Spectral and timing analysis of the bursting pulsar GRO J1744−28 withRXTEobservations

We analyzed RXTE/PCA observations of the bursting pulsar GRO J1744-28 during its two outbursts in 1995-1997. We have found a significant transition, i.e., a sharp change, of both spectral and timing properties around a flux of $\rm 10^{-8}\ ergs\ cm^{-2}\ s^{-1}$ (3-30 keV), which corresponds to a luminosity of 2--8$\rm \times 10^{37}\ ergs\ s^{-1}$ for a distance of 4--8 kpc. We define the faint (bright) state when the flux is smaller (larger) than this threshold. In the faint state, the spectral hardness increases significantly with the increasing flux, while remaining almost constant in the bright state. In addition, we find that the pulsed fraction is positively related to both the flux and the energy (<30keV) in both states. Thanks to the very stable pulse profile shape in all energy bands, a hard X-ray lag could be measured. This lag is only significant in the faint state (reaching $\sim$ 20\,ms between 3-4 keV and 16-20 keV), and much smaller in the bright state ($\lesssim$2ms). We speculate that the discovered transition might be caused by changes of the accretion structure on the surface of the neutron star, and the hard X-ray lags are due to a geometry effect.
A Rose by Any Name? The Values Construct

Definitional inconsistency has been epidemic in values theory and research. An abbreviated review of values-related theory and research is provided, and 5 aspects of the values construct that may have contributed to this inconsistency and the resulting lack of synthesis are discussed. A proposal for the process by which value priorities influence attitudinal and behavioral decisions also is outlined. Attitudinal and behavioral decisions are shown to be traceable to personal value priorities, although the link is indirect. The importance of 4 constructs in this process is highlighted. In the past, personal value systems, social value systems, worldviews, and ideologies each may have been given the generic label values.
IT Outsourcing Relationship Management and Performance Measurement System Effectiveness

Managing the relationship between the client and the vendor is of critical importance to the success of the IT outsourcing arrangement. This paper develops and explores a conceptual model based on relational exchange theory that identifies a number of attributes or dimensions that contribute to the overall success of (a) the relationship, (b) performance measurement system effectiveness and (c) the outsourcing contract. This research supports the proposition that successful management of the relationship positively influences the success of public sector IT outsourcing contracts and the effectiveness of the performance measurement system used. An effective relationship complements the performance measurement system effectiveness.
Antibacterial activity of Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh and Padina australis Hauck (Phaeophyceae)

Seaweeds are used in pharmaceutical and biochemical applications as they possess interesting biological activities that contribute to the discovery of natural therapeutic agents. In this study, the antibacterial activity of n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanolic extracts of brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae), Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh and Padina australis Hauck, was examined using the disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The bioactivity of the seaweed extracts was expressed as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (beta-lactamase positive and negative Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) and Gram-positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus cereus ) was discussed. Gram-positive bacteria especially B. cereus was more susceptible to the seaweed extracts (MIC = 0.130 to 0.065 mg/ml). Generally, S. polycystum extracts exhibited higher bacteriostatic activity (lower MICs) against all the tested bacterial strains when compared with P. australis . However, P. australis extracts showed a narrow spectrum of bactericidal activity against B. cereus . n-Hexane extracts of S. polycystum exhibited promising bacteriostatic agents against B. cereus (MIC = 0.065 mg/ml) with MIC value lower than the standard MIC of potential antimicrobial drug (0.100 mg/ml). Since only crude seaweed extracts were tested in this study, further purification and isolation of bioactive compounds from the extracts are essential in future studies in order to optimize their antibacterial activity. Key words: Phaeophyceae, disc diffusion test, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), minimum inhibition concentration (MIC).
Role of thermal conditions in habitat selection by hydrothermal vent gastropods

Habitat selection by 3 Juan de Fuca Ridge gastropod species relates to their thermal environment. Both collections and images taken along transects document the small-scale abundance patterns of each species with respect to temperature and distance from vent flows. Lepetodrilus fucensis and Depressigyra globulus were most abundant at distances from vent flows of 0 to 25 cm in warm fluids with high temperature variability (10 ± 5°C) over several time scales. Both species were also abundant at 26 to 50 cm, where temperatures were lower with less variability (4 ± 1°C). Provanna variabilis was most abundant from 51 to 75 cm, where temperatures were stable (3 ± 0.5°C). All species were absent where maximum fluid temperatures reached 18°C and their substratum coverage was related to temperature. When presented with a choice in vent fluids from 10 to 2°C, L. fucensis and D. globulus moved to areas with temperatures above 5°C, while P. variabilis showed no preference. In species-specific temperature preference experiments, L. fucensis and D. globulus aggregated between 5 and 13°C, while P. variabilis occupied areas with significantly lower temperatures from 4 to 11°C. These experimental temperature preferences correspond with their thermal environments. Upper temperature limits are moderate; extreme abiotic variability in higher temperature fluids may constrain these 3 species. We conclude thermal conditions are a primary determinant of habitat selection, thereby driving gastropod abundance patterns. However, other factors likely contribute. Space competition nearest vent flows may result in the displacement of individuals of these species to low quality habitats.
Special educational needs, e-learning and the reflective e-portfolio: implications for developing and assessing competence in pre-service education

This article reports on the use of e-portfolios to assess aspects of a one year, post-graduate pre-service teacher education programme in Northern Ireland within the specific context of special needs education. The rationale for using an e-portfolio for programme assessment and the potential it offers in demonstrating a range of teaching competencies is examined, with participants in the study challenged to develop their individual e-portfolios by selecting and presenting evidence for assessment drawn from a wide range of sources. In so doing they were asked to reflect upon their personal, academic and pedagogical learning and development across the pre-service year. The article also reports on the individual student experience of building an e-portfolio and attitudes towards its use for assessment purposes within pre-service education and beyond. Finally, it considers the potential for using e-portfolios across all phases of teacher education.
Investigating Temporal Variability of Total Ozone Column over Kathmandu Using Omi Satellite Observations

The objective of this work was to analyze the trend of temporal variability of the atmospheric Total ozone column (TOC) over Kathmandu, during the last 13 years of observations using remote sensing-derived data. For this study, long-term TOC data derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for the period of October 2004–April 2016 were used. The daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual variations of TOC were analyzed. During the whole study period, the highest value of TOC is found to be 344 DU in March and the lowest value of TOC is 219 DU in December. The average TOC calculated during the whole study period over Kathmandu is found to be 268 DU. The trend of TOC shows a distinct seasonal pattern, with maximum in summer and minimum in winter season, specifically high value in April or May and lower value in December and January. The long-term variability also represents a notable increase in TOC for the period from 2004 to 2015 illustrating the significant recovery atmospheric ozone over Kathmandu. The ozone recovery during the recent years may be due to the reduction of the ozone depletory agents. Journal of Institute of Science and Technology Volume 21, Issue 1, August 2016, Page: 140-147
Visualization of synaptic vesicle protein recycling during exo-endocytosis at individual hippocampal boutons

Upon exocytosis synaptic vesicle proteins are released into the plasma membrane and must be retrieved by compensatory endocytosis. When overexpressing GFP-labeled versions of the vesicle proteins synaptobrevin 2 / VAMP 2 and synaptotagmin 1 in neurons, up to 30% are found on external axonal membranes under resting conditions. To test whether and to which extent these plasma membrane stranded proteins participate in exo- endocytic cycling, a novel proteolytic approach was used to visually separate their fate from those proteins that are newly added upon fusion. The data obtained indicate that both pools are rapidly mixing by diffusion and that endocytosed vesicles are largely composed of previously stranded molecules. The degree of non-identity of vesicular proteins exo- and endocytosed depends on the stimulus duration. By coexpressing synaptophysin 1 and by using an antibody against the external luminal domain of synaptotagmin 1, we estimate that under physiological conditions about 10 % of vesicular proteins are located near the active zone from which they are preferentially recycled upon stimulation. These findings suggest that the readily releasable pool of vesicles may be counterbalanced on the endocytic limb of the cycle by a readily retrievable pool of partially preassembled pits, from which new vesicles can be quickly reformed ensuring the maintenance of the recycling vesicle pool under normal stimulation conditions.Secondly, in collaboration with the lab of Prof. Dr. Volker Haucke (Institut fur Chemie und Biochemie, Freie-Universitat-Berlin) the relationship between stonin 2 function in clathrin-dependent endocytosis and synaptotagmin 1 internalization was explored. Although clathrin-mediated endocytosis appears to be a major pathway for presynaptic vesicle cycling no sorting adaptor dedicated to synaptic vesicle membrane protein endocytosis has been identified in mammals. Together we could show that stonin 2 is an AP-2-dependent sorting adaptor for endocytic internalization and recycling of synaptotagmin 1 in neurons.
Geocoronal H-A [Alpha] Intensity Measurements Using the Wisconsin H-A [Alpha] Mapper Fabry-Perot Facility

The Wisconsin Ha Mapper (WHAM), a remotely operable, semi-automated Fabry-Perot located at Kitt Peak Observatory, has been making an all-sky survey of interstellar hydrogen Balmer a (Ha) emissions since 1997. Using the annular summing spectroscopy technique, WHAM has acquired -37,000 spectra to date, spanning almost 100 nights of observations. Since all of the galactic emission spectral data contain the terrestrial Ha (6562.7 A) emission line, these measurements constitute a rich source of geocoronal data for investigating natural variability in the upper atmosphere. The WHAM observations also serve as a benchmark for comparison with future data. Analysis of the first year of WHAM data shows only small day-to-day variations after shadow altitude variations are taken into account. For example, at shadow altitudes of 2000 and 3000 km, the RMS scatter is within approximately +/20%; this variability is expected to be reduced with accurate accounting of the smaller-scale effects of observational slant path, zenith angle, and azimuth on the Ha intensity. This result is consistent with past midlatitude Wisconsin data sets but different from observations made by other observers and instruments at the low-latitude Arecibo site. The multiple viewing geometries of the observations provide stringent modeling constraints, useful in testing current modeling capabilities. Modeling of the WHAM data with a global nonisothermal resonance radiation transport code (lyao_rt) indicates that the signal-to-noise of the data is sufficient to determine relative variations in upper atmospheric atomic hydrogen column densities to better than 5%. This paper describes the WHAM aeronomy program and its observational scheme, analysis procedures, and results from data taken in 1997. Case study comparisons are made with past data sets and with predictions from the lyao_rt resonant radiation transport modeling code of Bishop [1999].
CHARACTERIZATION OF COLLETOTRICHUM FALCATUM WENT. CAUSING RED ROT IN SUGARCANE SACCHARUM COMPLEX

Red rot of sugarcane caused by Colletotrichum falcatum Went. is a serious problem which damaged the most of the important varieties. Various isolates of C. falcatum produced cottony, fluffy, fluffy cottony or suppressed growth on the PDA with colour range of grey, greyish black to greyish white. The isolate SGCF-8 showed maximum growth (87.34 mm) on PDA when incubated at 27±2oC temperature for 10 days. The isolate SGCF5 was showed maximum sporulation (24.67 million spores/ml) while maximum dry mycelial weight was observed in isolate SGCF-1 (184.67mg) on PDB incubated at 27±2 o C temperature for 15 days. The molecular characterization study was carried out by using five ISSR primers. The primer UBC-873 (92.30%) was showed the highest percentage of polymorphism with polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.6853846. The dendrogram was showed isolate (SGCF-4) was situated separately with similarity matrix of 0.407 with SGCF-1. Other nine isolates were clustered in one group and sub-groups.
ACCESS TO EARLY STAGE FINANCING: THE CASE OF THE MISSING WOMEN

We compare men-led to women-led new ventures, using a “readiness for funding” framework and drawing from a proprietary database of 680 firms that over a four-year period-sought angel investment from the members of a prominent angel investment group located outside of Boston, MA. Our findings indicate women-led new ventures are equally likely to pass the administrative review stage of the angel investing process. This suggests that the when it comes to angel financing, the gender of the entrepreneur is not critical. Insights from interviews with entrepreneurs provide insights into the entrepreneurial financing decisions. Implications are discussed.
Inline training: a technique for continuous, within-task learning

As software continues to grow in power and complexity, frequent on-the-job training is essential to maintain a proficient and productive skill set. However once a base operational skill set is attained, software users rarely continue to become proficient with the tools they use on a daily basis. This lack of proficiency results in the frequent occurrence of workflow interruptions due to the continued locating and re-locating of the operators required to perform both new and routine tasks. Aids such as reference cards and application help systems exist to make the user aware of efficient methods for task completion; however, these resources are seldom used. This study presents a new and efficient approach to help software users continue to learn about the tools they use to complete their work. This new approach to learning, called inline training, leverages common workflow interruptions to facilitate the discovery of new application knowledge. At issue is fitting the amount of work necessary to use the trainer into the already occurring interruption window. By understanding the amount of within-interruption work tolerated by the user, including an inline trainer within the window, promotes a deeper understanding of the application, resulting in a more efficient workflow. Published : 11 April 2018 Citation : Research in Learning Technology 2018, 26 : 1994 - http://dx.doi. org/10.25304/rlt.v26. 1994
Mechanical, Thermal and Biodegradable Properties of Bioplast-Spruce Green Wood Polymer Composites

Environmental and sustainability concerns push the industries to manufacture alternative materials having less environmental impact. The Wood Plastic Composites (WPCs) produced by blending the biopolymers and natural fillers permit not only to tailor the desired properties of materials but also are the solution to meet the environmenta l and sustainability requireme nts. This work presents the elaboration and characterization of the fully green WPCs prepared by blending a biopolymer, BIOPLAST® GS 2189 and spruce sawdust used as filler with different amounts. Since both components are bio-based, the resulting material is entire ly environmentally friendly. The mechanical, thermal, structural properties of these WPCs were characterized by different analyt ical methods like tensile, flexural and impact tests, Thermogravimet ric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X- ray Diffraction (XRD). Their wat er absorption properties and resistance to the termite and fungal attacks were determined in relation with different wood filler content. The tensile and fl exural moduli of WPCs increased with i ncreasing amount of wood fillers into the biopolymer, but WPCs became more brittle compared to t he neat polymer. Incorporation of spruce sawdust modified the ther mal properties of polymer: The degra dation, cold crystallization, a nd melting temperatures shifted to higher temperatures when spruce sawdust was added into polymer. The termite, fungal and water absorption resistance of WPCs decreased with increasing wood amount in WPCs, but remained in durability class 1 (durable) concerning fungal resistance and quoted 1 (attempted attack) in visual rating regarding to the termites resistance except that the WPC with the highest wood content (30 wt%) rated 2 (slight atta ck) indicating a long term durability. All the results showed the possibility to elaborate the easy injectable composite material s with adjustable properties by incorpor ation of BIOPLAST® GS 2189 and spruce sawdust. Therefore, lightweight WPCs allow both to recyc le wood industry byproducts and to produce a full ecologic material.
Probability distribution function for the capacity of a multiterminal network

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Cross-talk in bacterial extracellular signalling systems

Many Gram negative bacteria produce acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) as extracellular signalling molecules. These signals mediate a wide range of traits including those associated with the colonisation of surfaces. Recently, fatty acid derivatives and cyclic dipeptides have also been identified as extracellular signalling molecules produced by bacteria, and have been demonstrated to mediate starvation and stationary-phase responses. These compounds also cross-talk with AHL signals and constitute families of signals which can induce or repress AHL regulated phenotypes, suggesting a much more complex form of "communication" between bacteria than previously thought. This hypothesis is further supported by the specific interference of each of the three classes of signa lling compounds by furanones. These eukaryotic AHL antagonists competitively inhibit AHLs and other signalling molecules which mediate AHL regulated responses, and control colonisation by bacteria.
Student experience of school science

ABSTRACT This paper presents the findings of a two-phase mixed methods research study that explores the link between experiences of school science of post-16 students and their decisions to take up science for their higher studies. In the first phase, students aged 16–17 (n = 569) reflected on the past five years of their school science experience in a quasi-longitudinal approach to determine a typology of experiences. The second phase entailed data collection through interviews of a sample of these students (n = 55) to help triangulate and extend findings from the first phase. Students taking up science post-16 reported significantly more positive experiences of school science than students who had decided not to take science further. Of school-related factors influencing experiences of school science curriculum content was the most important followed by being interested and motivated in the subject. There is evidence that interest and motivation in science depend on teacher practice and the perception of science as a difficult subject.
Investigation of neural network algorithm for detection of network host anomalies in the automated search for XSS vulnerabilities and SQL injections

A problem of aberrant behavior detection for network communicating computer is discussed. A novel approach based on dynamic response of computer is introduced. The computer is suggested as a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) plant. To characterize dynamic response of the computer on incoming requests a correlation between input data rate and observed output response (outgoing data rate and performance metrics) is used. To distinguish normal and aberrant behavior of the computer one-class neural network classifier is used. General idea of the algorithm is shortly described. Configuration of network testbed for experiments with real attacks and their detection is presented (the automated search for XSS and SQL injections). Real found-XSS and SQL injection attack software was used to model the intrusion scenario. It would be expectable that aberrant behavior of the server will reveal itself by some instantaneous correlation response which will be significantly different from any of normal ones. It is evident that correlation picture of attacks from different malware running, the site homepage overriding on the server (so called defacing), hardware and software failures will differ from correlation picture of normal functioning. Intrusion detection algorithm is investigated to estimate false positive and false negative rates in relation to algorithm parameters. The importance of correlation width value and threshold value selection was emphasized. False positive rate was estimated along the time series of experimental data. Some ideas about enhancement of the algorithm quality and robustness were mentioned.