Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food wastes as potential substrates for lactic acid production in open fermentation

Chemical compositions of food wastes collected in Universiti Sains Malaysia were compared against Japanese food wastes. Food waste slurry was fermented in open condition without any sterilization and neither inoculums nor nutrients were added. The relation of glucose to lactic acid with parameters of fermentation time, temperature and initial pH were observed. Highest lactic acid yield for all three parameters were 18.06±4.61, 15.91±1.23 and 24.09±2.34 g/L respectively. When initial pH was set at pH 9, bioconversion of initial glucose to lactic acid was 38.04 % compared to only 30.30 % when initial pH was 7. Lactic acid production showed an increasing trend as initial pH increased from 7 to 9.
Is there a risk-return trade-off in educational choices ? Evidence from Spain

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STUDY OF THE STYRENE AND MALEIC ANHYDRIDECOPOLYMERIZATION PROCESS BY MATHEMATICAL MODELING METHODS

The mechanism of radical copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride in a homogeneous medium has been studied in the paper. There have been selected the conditions of styrene and maleic anhydride copolymerization. A mathematical model has been built on the basis of the radical copolymerization mechanism of styrene and maleic anhydride. The mathematical model is a system of ordinary differential equations. A numerical solution of the target system enables to determine the average molecular properties such as average number and average weight molecular weights. The calculations based on the model correspond to the experimental data.
Recognition of Organic , Neurologic and Functional Diseases Using Cepstral Features Extracted From The Speech Multiscale Product

In recent years, the objective assessment of voice pathologies has become popular in many research studies. Automatic voice-pathology detection and classification systems effectively contribute to the evaluation of voice pathologies, to help clinicians for the detection of the existence of any voice diseases and the type of pathology that patients suffer from it in the early stage. The primary aim of this paper is to investigate new parameters for the classification of various types of pathologies which are organic, neurologic and functional. It’s about calculating Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients MFCC not among the speech signal directly but among the speech multiscale product (MP), the MP provides a derived speech signal which is more straightforward to be analyzed. In fact, it has a periodic structure for voiced sounds with high peaks at the glottal closure instants and null elsewhere. In this study, we adopt the Support Vector Machine classifier SVM and we use the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary MEEI database. The experimental results show that the classification rates obtained using MFCC features extracted from the multiscale product MP give better results than those derived from the speech signal.
OPTIMAL OFF POINT DETERMINATION IN ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM USING RISK ASSESSMENT

In normal operation of distribution systems, protection systems are important for reliability and efficiency measures. For reliability enhancement of primary loop distribution systems, off points are normally located in midway between substations. Off point in networks allow the continued supply of electric to customer during faults as the feeder is separated into two sections, between two substations. Once a fault is cleared, then the faulted section can be reconfigured to accept supply from the unfaulted section. This is known as load restoration in network distribution system. Currently, off points are allocated using load flows and based on the engineer’s experience. However this method does not optimize the reliability to customers, as it does not take into account the risk allocation to customers. To overcome this, the research proposed a risk-based analysis, which can determine an optimal off point location. The analysis used a real network between PMU Kota Setar and PMU Kota Sarang Semut, Kedah, Malaysia. Actual field data from varying utilities were used for completion of this project. Six scenarios were developed to get a clear view of the total impact of risk with varying locations of off point. It is shown that the method proposed in this project gives a better indication for the optimal determination off point in electrical power distribution systems compared to the commonly used method.
Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) for Highly-Inflectional Scarce-Resource Language

Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) is a machine translation paradigm, in which translations are generated on the base of statistical models. In this system, parameters are derived from an analysis of a parallel corpus, and SMT quality depends on the ability of learning word translations. Enriching the SMT by a suitable morphology analyser decreases out of vocabulary words and dictionary size dramatically. This could be more considerable when it deals with a highly-inflectional, low-resource, language like Persian. Defining a suitable granularity for word segment may improve the alignment quality in the parallel corpus. In this paper different schemes and word’s combinations segments in a SMT’s experiment from Persian to English language are prospected and the best one-to-one alignment, which is called En-like scheme, is proposed. By using the mentioned scheme the translation’s quality from Persian to English is improved about 3 points with respect to BLEU measure over the phrase-based SMT.
Investigating the Role of Self-Efficacy in Manipulating Instructional Textbooks: A Matter of Iranian Language Teachers

Guided by the research on the self-efficacy beliefs on the one hand and the works done on instructional materials evaluation and selection on the other, this study followed a two-fold purpose: first, examining teachers’ reactions towards prescribed textbooks and second, investigating relationships between such reactions and teachers’ sense of self-efficacy. Accordingly, 312 Iranian in-service high school English language teachers (N=312) were asked to respond to two scales: Self-Efficacy to Influence Instructional Textbooks (SEIIT) scale devised by the researchers according to the principles of Social Cognitive Theory and the 12-item Teacher’s Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) developed by Tschannen-Moran and Woolfolk Hoy (2001). The data analysis revealed acceptable psychometric properties of the newly developed scale and a degree of correlation between self-efficacy in teaching and in dealing with prescribed textbooks. The findings also provided a number of practical and theoretical implications.
An analysis of price impact function in order-driven markets

We introduce a microscopic model of double-auction markets based on random order placement. Traders post market or limit orders which are stored in the book of the exchange and executed via a central order matching mechanism. We use dimensional analysis, simulations and analytical approximations to make testable predictions of the price impact function. We 4nd that the price impact function is always concave, in agreement with empirical measurements. We provide an explanation for its concavity based on the properties of order 5ows. c © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 89.65. Gh; 05.40. −a
The Precautionary Premium and the Risk-Downside Risk Tradeoff

This paper shows that the precautionary premium embodies a tradeoff between risk and downside risk. It is the size of a mean-preserving spread for thish the strength of aversion to risk just offsets the strength of aversion to downside risk. Using this result, decreasing absolute prudence can be interpreted as meaning that the amount of exposure to risk (as measured by a spread) for which aversion to risk just offsets aversion to downside risk decreases as wealth increases. This happens when an increase in wealth causes a smaller percentage change in absolute downside risk aversion than in absolute risk aversion.
A Novel Approach towards Facial Skin Detection using Back propagation Neural Network

: Detecting faces in an image is a prime step in various computer vision applications, such as face recognition, facial expression analysis etc. Facial skin detection is the process of finding skin-colored pixels and regions in an image with respect to other skin present in the body. Several computer vision approaches like Knowledge-based, Feature invariant approaches, Template matching, Appearance-based methods have been developed for skin detection. A neural network based facial skin detector typically transforms a given pixel into an appropriate colour space and there, the work of the neural network based classifier is to label the pixel whether it is a skin or a non-skin (other than facial skin) pixel. A facial skin classifier defines a decision boundary of the skin color class in the colour space based on a training database of skin-colour pixels. In this paper we have used a neural network based classifier to identify a skin pixel from a non-skin pixel by using a back propagation neural network. Non-skin here refers to the skin other than the facial skin.
Design and analysis of annular combustion chamber of a low bypass turbofan engine in a jet trainer aircraft C

16/j.jppr. 2016.04.00 or. iyant.mark. c@gmail esponsibility of Nat Abstract The design of an annular combustion chamber in a gas turbine engine is the backbone of this paper. It is specifically designed for a low bypass turbofan engine in a jet trainer aircraft. The combustion chamber is positioned in between the compressor and turbine. It has to be designed based on the constant pressure, enthalpy addition process. The present methodology deals with the computation of the initial design parameters from benchmarking of real-time industry standards and arriving at optimized values. It is then studied for feasibility and finalized. Then the various dimensions of the combustor are calculated based on different empirical formulas. The air mass flow is then distributed across the zones of the combustor. The cooling requirement is met using the cooling holes. Finally the variations of parameters at different points are calculated. The whole combustion chamber is modeled using Siemens NX 8.0, a modeling software and presented. The model is then analyzed using various parameters at various stages and levels to determine the optimized design. The aerodynamic flow characteristics is simulated numerically by means of ANSYS 14.5 software suite. The air-fuel mixture, combustion-turbulence, thermal and cooling analysis is carried out. The analysis is performed at various scenarios and compared. The results are then presented in image outputs and graphs. & 2016 National Laboratory for Aeronautics and Astronautics. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
A simple surface temperature assimilation scheme for use in land surface models

This paper examines the utilization of surface temperature as a variable which can be assimilated in off‐line land surface hydrological models. The connection between the surface temperature and evapotranspiration is utilized in making adjustments to the model‐computed surface soil moisture. This adjustment is a function of the difference between the model‐computed and the observed surface temperature. Comparisons between the model‐computed and satellite‐observed surface temperatures have been carried out. The assimilation of surface temperature is carried out twice a day (corresponding to the A.M. and P.M. overpass of the NOAA 10) over the Red‐Arkansas basin in the southwestern United States (31°50′N‐36°N, 94°30′W‐104°30′W) for a period of 1 year (August 1987 to July 1988). The soil moisture estimates resulting from the assimilation of surface temperature have a closer agreement with the values derived from the special sensor microwave imager than those from simulations without surface temperature assimilation. Assimilation reduces the effect of errors in precipitation and/or shortwave radiation on simulated soil moistures.
TRACKING VORTICES OVER LARGE DISTANCES USING VORTICITY CONFINEMENT

A general vorticity con nement term has been derived using dimensional analysis. The resulting vorticity con nement is a function of the local vorticity-based Reynoldsnumber, the local element size, the vorticity and the gradient of the absolute value of the vorticity. The vorticity con nement term disappears for vanishing mesh size, and is applicable to unstructured grids with large element size disparity. The new term has been found to be successful for a number of testcases, allowing better de nition of vortices without any deleterious e ects on the ow eld.
AFLP analysis of genetic relationships and diversity of some Chinese Osmanthus fragrans cultivars

The genetic diversity and genetic relationships of 46 Osmanthus fragrans cultivars, collected from Hubei, Zhejiang, and Guangxi provinces in China, were analyzed by the technique of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Ten primer combinations were used and generated 436 scorable bands including 269 polymorphic. It indicated that each primer combination generated 26.9 polymorphic bands. Genetic similarities were obtained using simple matching (SM) coefficients, and a dendrogram of the 46 cultivars was established by UPGMA clustering method. The high level genetic variations in 46 O. fragrans cultivars were proved by the SM coefficient value from 0.69 to 0.87. The cluster analysis suggested that the 46 O. fragrans cultivars could be divided into five groups, and this result was not absolutely consistent with the morphology-based traditional classification. The cluster analysis showed that there were close genetic relationships among cultivars of the same flower color, and the geographic origin of O. fragrans was correlated with the analysis cluster results at a certain level. Cluster analysis also indicated that Guangxi cultivars were distinct from those of Hubei and Zhejiang. [Life Science Journal. 2009; 6(2): 11 – 16] (ISSN: 1097 – 8135).
Trust as an institutional factor of economic success

Trust, as an important traditional informal institution of a society, has in recent decades come into focus of many social sciences and the economic science as well. Namely, trust is one of the key factors that determine the character of both human and social relations. There is a growing realization that, among other key factors of the market system effectiveness and efficiency, economic impacts are also determined by the appropriate level of trust that exists between economic actors. This paper analyzes the role of trust as a facilitating factor that enables a more successful development of economic activities in such an environment where economic actors deal with the problems of information asymmetry, incomplete contracts, an underdeveloped institutional framework, uncertainty etc. It is suggested that trust, both personal and institutional one, is a significant factor in economic success and development. At the same time, trust plays an important role in the successful implementation of a socio-economic transformation, which is especially relevant in transition countries.
Gold Phytomining: A New Idea for Enviromental Sustainablity in Indonesia

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v1i1. 171 New technology is needed to protect the safety and health of communities and the environment at ASGM locations in Indonesia. This technology must be simple, cheap, easy to operate, and financially rewarding. A proven option that should be promoted is phytoextraction, a farming activity that could develop agriculture as an alternative livelihood in ASGM areas. This is a technology where plants are used to extract metals from waste rock, soil, or water. These metals can be recovered from the plant in its pure form, then be sold or recycled. Gold phytoextraction is a commercially available technology, while an international research has shown that phytoextraction will also work for mercury. In the context of this idea, tailings would be contained in ‘farming areas’ and cropped using phytoextraction technology. Gold and mercury would be extracted in the crops, with the remaining mercury burden of the tailings becoming adsorbed to soil constituents. The system would be financially rewarding to ‘gold farmers’. The economic value of this scenario could facilitate the clean-up and management of mercury pollution, reducing the movement of mercury from tailings into soil, water, and plants, thereby mitigating environmental and human risk in the mining areas. The goal of the described research is to promote agriculture as an alternative livelihood in ASGM areas. The gold value of the phytoremediation crop should provide a cash incentive to artisanal farmers who develop this new agricultural enterprise. The benefits will be social, environmental, and economic, as opportunities for education, employment, new business, the containment of toxic mercury, food safety and security, and revenue are all realized.
Pulsar Timing Arrays and the cosmological constant

In this talk I review how a non-zero cosmological constant $\Lambda$ affects the propagation of gravitational waves and their detection in pulsar timing arrays (PTA). If $\Lambda\neq 0$ it turns out that waves are anharmonic in cosmological Friedmann-Robertson- Walker coordinates and although the amount of anharmonicity is very small it leads to potentially measurable effects. The timing residuals induced by gravitational waves in PTA would show a peculiar angular dependence with a marked enhancement around a particular value of the angle subtended by the source and the pulsars. This angle depends mainly on the actual value of the cosmological constant and the distance to the source. Preliminary estimates indicate that the enhancement can be rather notorious for supermassive black hole mergers and in fact it could facilitate the first direct detection of gravitational waves while at the same time representing a `local' measurement of $\Lambda$.
Based on Particle Swarm Optimization ( PSO ) Algorithm and Large-Scale Short Text Processing in Hadoop Cluster Architecture

To achieve large-scale short text processing, the Hadoop cluster framework was introduced. In addition, based on Hadoop cluster framework, the distributed parallel clustering algorithm DPSOKmeans was adopted. The experiment showed that the clustering algorithm ran on the Hadoop framework and had a good convergence line. Meanwhile, the high clustering quality can handle massive data. Through the experiment and practice application for DPSOKmeans clustering algorithm, it was proved that the global optimization ability of the clustering algorithm DPSOKmeans was higher than the K-means clustering algorithm. It is concluded that DPSOKmeans clustering algorithm should be used in Hadoop platform in the face of massive short text data.
Predicting Oral Health Behavior using the Health Promotion Model among School Students: a Cross-sectional Survey

Background: The mean of DMFT (D=decayed teeth or untreated caries, M=missing teeth, F=filled teeth and T=permanent teeth) has been increasing from 1957 to 2015 years in Iran. The current survey aimed to test the power of health promotion model for predicting the oral health behavior among high-school students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 482 high school students in Gorgan city, Iran. Multi-cluster sampling was used to recruit the samples. A researcher-made questionnaire based on HPM was implemented to collect data. To analyze, SPSS-18 and statistical tests, including t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and univariate and multivariate regression models were used. Results: A total of 482 high-school students including 255 (52.9%) male and 227 (47.1%) with mean age of 16.02 ± 0.5 were investigated. The highest and lowest prevalent positive oral health behavior were tooth brushing (73%) and using fluidized oral irrigator (3.6%), respectively. Except for perceived barriers (with negative correlation), all constructs of HBM were positively related to oral health behaviors. Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of oral health behavior (β=0.653) (r=0.541, P<0.05). Conclusion: HPM seems likely beneficial to design and develop oral health behaviors among students. Self-efficacy and perceived benefits should also be noticed to promote students oral health behaviors.
THE EFFECTS OF PERSONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL RESOURCES ON WORK OUTCOMES OF EXPATRIATE ACADEMICS

Internationalization of higher education has created job opportunities for expatriate academics to explore international experience in many countries around the world. This has been case in Malaysia as well. With the aspiration to become regional educational hub by 2020, Malaysian universities have been actively recruiting foreign faculties as part of its internationalisation strategy. This phenomena has posed greater challenge to human resource management of the respective universities. Drawing from job resources model and self-determination theory, this study aims to examine the effects of personal and organizational resources on the expatriate academics’ work outcomes. Effective expatriate academics will significantly contribute to the excellence of the universities in providing world-class education to its customers hence understanding the determinant factors of their work outcomes is imperative. A survey-based quantitative research using a sample of 152 expatriate academics employed in 20 Malaysian public universities revealed some important findings. Both the personal (cultural intelligence) and organizational resources (perceived organizational support) are found to be important determinants of expatriate academics’ work engagement and psychological needs satisfaction. The findings suggest that higher level of cultural intelligence and perceived organizational support may lead to greater work engagement and psychological needs satisfaction among expatriate academics. Few theoretical and practical implications can be concluded from this study especially in relation to international human resource management. Field of Research: Expatriate Academics, Cultural Intelligence, Perceived Organizational Support, Work Engagement, Psychological Needs Satisfaction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------