Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Microcell Deployment on Power Consumption in Heterogeneous Cellular Network

In recent years, people pay more attention to the problem of increasing power consumption of wireless network due to the rapid development of information and communication industry. Using heterogeneous network has been a possible way to solve this problem and improve energy efficiency. Significant research has been conducted. However, most of them only focused on the power consumption of base stations while ignoring the power consumption of mobile devices. In this paper, we start our research with accurate models for both macro and micro base stations and take the power consumption of mobile devices into account. We observe that area power consumption decreases with the increase in the number and radiuses of microcells. Finally, we find it is possible to choose a certain number and radius of microcells to minimize the area power consumption. We verify the correctness of the analysis with simulation.
Hotspot Cooling Performance of Two-Phase Confined Jet Impingement Cooling at the Stagnation Zone

Jet impingement can be particularly effective for removing high heat fluxes from local hotspots. Two-phase jet impingement cooling combines the advantages of both the nucleate boiling heat transfer with the single-phase sensible cooling. This study investigates two-phase confined jet impingement cooling of local, laser-generated hotspots in a 100 nm thick Hafnium (Hf) thin film on glass. The jet/nozzle diameter is ∼1.2 mm and the normal distance between the nozzle outlet and the heated surface is ∼3.2 mm. The jet coolants studied are FC 72, Novec 7200, and Ethanol with jet nozzle outlet Reynolds numbers ranging from 250 to 5000. The hotspot area is ∼0.06 mm2 and the applied hotspot-to-jet heat fluxes range from 20 W/cm2 to 350 W/cm2. This heat flux range facilitates studies of both the single-phase and two-phase heat transport mechanisms for heat fluxes up to critical heat flux (CHF). The temporal evolution of the temperature distribution of the laser-heated surface is measured using infrared (IR) thermometry. This study focuses on the stagnation point heat transfer - i.e., the jet potential core is co-aligned with the hotspot center. For ethanol, the CHF is ∼315 W/cm2 at Re ∼1338 with a corresponding heat transfer coefficient of h ∼102 kW/m2 K. For FC 72, the CHF is ∼94 W/cm2 at Re∼ 5000 with• a corresponding h∼ 56 kW/m2.K. And for Novec 7200, the CHF is ∼108 W/cm2 at Re∼ 4600 with a corresponding h ∼ 50 kW/m2•K.
ON THE ORIGIN OF THE ABSORPTION AND EMISSION LINE COMPONENTS IN THE SPECTRA OF PHL 293B

From the structure of PHL 293B and the physical properties of its ionizing cluster and based on results of hydrodynamic models, we point at the various events required to explain in detail the emission and absorption components seen in its optical spectrum. We ascribe the narrow and well centered emission lines, showing the low metallicity of the galaxy, to an H ii region that spans through the main body of the galaxy. The broad emission line components are due to two off-centered supernova remnants evolving within the ionizing cluster volume and the absorption line profiles are due to a stationary cluster wind that is able to recombine at a close distance from the cluster surface, as originally suggested by Silich et al. Our numerical models and analytical estimates confirm the ionized and neutral column density values and the inferred X-ray emission derived from the observations.
Block-Based Adaptive Compressed Sensing of Image Using Texture Information

Different from 1D signals,2D images have obvious texture information.Based on the basic framework of block-based compressed sensing,we propose a block-based adaptive compressed sensing of image using texture information,which exploits the property that different texture would produce varied information content.The adaptability lies in two aspects:one is the adaptive sampling and another is the adaptive threshold.Two different filters are introduced,which forms two kinds of new algorithms,respectively.The proposed algorithms are applied to nature and medical test images.The results show that our improved algorithms provide superior performance on both the reconstructed image quality and the visual effect.
A General Scheme for Calculating Switching- and Conduction-Losses of Power Semiconductors in Numerical Circuit Simulations of Power Electronic Systems; International Power Electronics Conference; ; IPEC-Niigata 2005

Numerical simulation of junction temperature time behavior in a circuit simulation is performed by setting up thermal models of power semiconductors and cooling systems, and connecting these models, typically composed of thermal RC-networks, to the calculated power losses. Calculating or estimating accurately conduction losses and, especially, switching losses has been discussed in the literature but seems to be not well known among many engineers. Therefore, in this paper we will give an overview of this topic and propose improvements of the procedure of loss-estimation in power electronic circuit simulations. The proposed scheme calculates conduction losses and switching losses with minimum effort, high accuracy and does not slow down the numerical simulation. It can be embedded directly in any circuit simulator employing ideal switches. Loss calculations are based on datasheet values and/or experimental measurements. As an example, a 5kW-inverter connected to a drive is set up with each bridge leg realized by a power module, where the characteristic parameters for the loss calculation scheme are extracted from datasheet diagrams.
Iron(III) Tosylate Catalyzed Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones/thiones via the Biginelli Reaction.

The synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones and dihydropyrimidine thiones has attracted interest due to their biological activities. A common method for their synthesis is the Biginelli reaction, which is a one-pot condensation of an aryl aldehyde, urea (or thiourea), and ethyl acetoacetate. The Biginelli reaction is typically catalyzed by a Bronsted or Lewis acid. However, many of these catalysts such as BF3·Et2O and AlCl3 are corrosive and/or toxic. Our continued interest in environmentally friendly organic synthesis prompted us to investigate the utility of iron(III) tosylate as a catalyst for the Biginelli reaction. The use of acetals in the Biginelli reaction is also reported. Iron(III) tosylate is an attractive catalyst for the Biginelli reaction because of its low cost, low toxicity, and ease of handling.
Mental Imagery In The Child

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Superprotected n-point correlation functions of local operators in Script N = 4 super Yang-Mills

In this paper we study the n-point correlation functions of two different families of local gauge invariant operators in = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. The main idea is to consider the correlation functions of operators which all share a number of supersymmetries irrespective of their relative locations. We achieve this by equipping the operators with explicit space-time dependence. We provide evidence by different methods that these n-point correlators do not receive quantum corrections in perturbation theory and are hence given exactly by their tree-level result. The arguments rely on explicit checks for general four-point correlators, some five-point and six-point correlators and a more abstract calculation based on a novel topological twisting of = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
A stream processing approach to interactive graphics on clusters of workstations

Recent advances in VLSI technology have made it possible to implement the entire graphics pipeline on a single chip. This departure from monolithic multi-chip graphics systems has made high performance 3D graphics inexpensive and commonplace. Despite the very high performance achievable on a modern graphics accelerator, these systems have serious scalability limitations. Typically their performance or utility is limited by the serial interface between the host processor and the graphics subsystem, or the limited output resolution they provide. In this thesis, we examine the potential for constructing scalable graphics systems from multiple such graphics accelerators housed in nodes of a cluster of off-the-shelf workstations. The system we present, called Chromium, uses the notion of stream processing to achieve scalability while retaining maximal flexibility. Using Chromium's building blocks, parallel graphics systems can be build that scale in both output resolution and input rate. In addition, because the graphics commands being manipulated conform to industry-standard 3D graphics API, Chromium can use unmodified programs as stream sources, allowing existing applications to be retargeted to new display environments transparently. By using a standard API, existing serial applications can often be parallelized with very little effort. Chromium provides extensions to this API to allow parallel applications to constrain the order of execution of their commands with respect to those of their peers.
The theory, design, development and evaluation of the MarkIT automated essay grading system

A technique based on Noun Phrase and Verb Clause slot structures is described for representing the semantics of the sentences making up a text document. Thesaurus head word index numbers are placed in the appropriate document sentence clause slots to represent the meta level meaning of the sentences. Many different expressions of the same document content can thus be represented by one semantic representation. An implementation of such a technique is described, and sample output is presented. The document summarisation thus produced is suitable for manipulation by computers for a variety of document processing tasks. The technique has primarily been developed for an Automated Essay Grading system, where a robust context free representation of documents is required.
Cluster-PC Based Parallel Distributed Data Clustering and Its Applications

Clustering data with high dimensionalities requires high-performance computers to get results in a reasonable amount of time,particularly for extremely large-scale databases.Thus,the recursive SOM(RSOM) tree method is proposed.RSOM tree is a hierarchy of clusters and sub-clusters which incorporates the cluster representation into the index structure.It provides a practical solution to index clustered data set,and it supports the retrieval of the nearest-neighbors effectively and efficiently without having to linearly search a high-dimensional large database.Meanwhile,an incremental RSOM tree-based clustering algorithm is proposed;and because of the RSOM tree is of the nature of parallelism,and can be implemented on scalable parallel computers. Thus a cluster-system based distributed parallel algorithm of incremental RSOM tree is proposed.The performance of the method has been tested with high dimensional feature sets extracted from large image database.
Secure Range Query with Single Assertion on Encrypted Data

The outsourcing of sensitive data will bring in some security issues to the data.In order to avoid it,the data owner prefers to encrypt the sensitive data before outsourcing them.Thought the encryption can protect this confidentiality of sensitive data,it is inconvenient for the data owner to use them.For example,the data owner cannot directly make a range query on these encrypted sensitive data any more.To solve it,we usually build interval index for every sensitive data.To realizing whether a sensitive data belongs to a search range,in the previous solutions,the server needs to assert the interval index many times.The more times the server asserts the interval index,the more information that will be revealed to the server.These revealed information risk the confidentiality sensitive data.In this paper,we propose a schema of range query on encrypted data,which reduces the amount of information leakage by only asserting the interval index once.This revealed information such as interval indexes and interval trapdoors,are multiplied with invertible matrix to guarantee the security issues of the sensitive data and the search range.The analyses of complicity can tell the truth,that this schema achieves high level needs of security without losing of efficiency.
Handling Autonomous Robot Scheduling as an Optimization Problem

This dissertation investigates the possibility to model the behavior of an agent solving a complex robotic scheduling task, mission 7a of the International Aerial Robotics Competition, as an optimization problem known as the Time-Dependent Orienteering Problem with Time Windows. The robot environment is stochastic and dynamic, and the agent has to make decisions in real time, with little to no possibility for preprocessing. Solution techniques for the problem model and specializations of the problem have been investigated, along with the swarm algorithms Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm and Intelligent Water Drops Algorithm. The swarm algorithms were implemented and applied to the problem model. The resulting system was used by a controller to solve the mission in a simulator, where the performance was evaluated by comparing the scheduler with a simple greedy controller. Experiments show that the Intelligent Water Drops Algorithm and Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm were able to find solutions of adequate quality. Modeling the International Aerial Robotics Competition as a Time-Dependent Orienteering Problem with Time Windows showed great promise, and the scheduler performed better than the greedy controller. The Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm had better performance than Intelligent Water Drops Algorithm in both solving the Time-Dependent Orienteering Problem with Time Windows and the mission. The Intelligent Water Drops Algorithm showed difficulties with completing plans when used in the controller because of large solution deviations. The performance of the system in the real world is uncertain, and partial observability may need to be addressed by Ascend NTNU before the competition.
Equation of state SAHA-S meets stellar evolution code CESAM2k

We present an example of an interpolation code of the SAHA-S equation of state that has been adapted for use in the stellar evolution code CESAM2k. The aim is to provide the necessary data and numerical procedures for its implementation in a stellar code. A technical problem is the discrepancy between the sets of thermodynamic quantities provided by the SAHA-S equation of state and those necessary in the CESAM2k computations. Moreover, the independent variables in a practical equation of state (like SAHA-S) are temperature and density, whereas for modelling calculations the variables temperature and pressure are preferable. Specifically for the CESAM2k code, some additional quantities and their derivatives must be provided. To provide the bridge between the equation of state and stellar modelling, we prepare auxiliary tables of the quantities that are demanded in CESAM2k. Then we use cubic spline interpolation to provide both smoothness and a good approximation of the necessary derivatives. Using the B-form of spline representation provides us with an efficient algorithm for three-dimensional interpolation. The table of B-spline coefficients provided can be directly used during stellar model calculations together with the module of cubic spline interpolation. This implementation of the SAHA-S equation of state in the CESAM2k stellar structure and evolution code has been tested on a solar model evolved to the present. A comparison with other equations of state is briefly discussed. The choice of a regular net of mesh points for specific primary quantities in the SAHA-S equation of state, together with accurate and consistently smooth tabulated values, provides an effective algorithm of interpolation in modelling calculations. The proposed module of interpolation procedures can be easily adopted in other evolution codes.
Research on Slicing Algorithm Based on STL Modal for Rapid Prototyping Technology

The paper presents a new slicing algorithm based on STL(Stereolithography)model. Through analyzing the topology relation of triangle facets of STL model,a directional graph of triangle facets is created,and then a rapid slicing with error-tolerance is obtained by a recursive algorithm.For improving the algorithm,the first hand is that the first triangle facets to be sliced in STL file is gained by a technology so called information inheriting,which effectively accelerated the slicing.And then,the right direction of the sectional contour is confirmed by the first triangle facet.Experiments show the algorithm not only effectively slicing the STL model but also steadily and reliably.
Automated identification of systematic performance changes in 5G networks by changepoint tracking

Telecommunication 5G performance data exhibit complex behaviours and relations valid for wireless networks, e.g., sudden spikes of demand, poorly performing cells, temporal anomalous patterns invoked by radio signal degradation or systematic changes due to the roll-out of new functionalities or changes of configuration parameters, etc. The zero-touch networks paradigm brings to the challenge of automated management of the resources in a wireless network, which require understanding and following the complex patterns proper for 5G performance data. The paper proposes an approach to decode automatically the events in operator networks associated with the hardware and/or software configuration updates and parametrization changes. The assumption is that there are configuration changes in wireless network which brings systematic differences in observed performance output (intentional or not). For 118 time series of 5G Cell Average Throughput in uplink and downlink direction, with unique abrupt changes in behavior labeled by telco network specialists, we apply a supervised approach to penalty setting of the PELT algorithm, which is designed for identification of the time stamp when reconfiguration occurred in operator network. Comparative studies showed that in application to the 5G performance data, the modified PELT procedure outperforms the other algorithms dedicated for change-point detection, e.g., Binary Segmentation, Bayesian Online Changepoint Detection or PELT with information criterion used as penalty term. The experimental studies exhibited that filtering of the spiky events from 5G data can further improve the reliability of concluding, i.e. the F1 measure estimated for this case was 0.76 as oppose to e.g. PELT algorithm with Modified Bayesian Information Criterion used as penalty term for which the F1 measure was 0.49. Reported results are the preliminary demonstration of the potential of the change-point modeling for the depiction of interrelations spanned between the configuration input and the performance output in the cellular networks. Further extensions of the procedure specified in the paper are open for applications in telecommunication and other domains.
AN OLD SUPERNOVA REMNANT WITHIN AN H ii COMPLEX AT ℓ ≈ 173°: FVW 172.8+1.5

We present the results of H i 21 cm line observations to explore the nature of the high-velocity (HV) H i gas at ℓ ∼ 173°. In low-resolution H i surveys this HV gas appears as faint, wing-like, H i emission that extends to velocities beyond those allowed by Galactic rotation. We designate this feature as Forbidden Velocity Wing (FVW) 172.8+1.5. Our high-resolution (3.′4) Arecibo H i observations show that FVW 172.8+1.5 is composed of knots, filaments, and ring-like structures distributed over an area of a few degrees in extent. These HV H i emission features are confined within the limits of the H ii complex G173+1.5, which is composed of five Sharpless H ii regions distributed along a radio continuum loop of size 4. °4 × 3. °4, or ∼138 pc × 107 pc, at a distance of 1.8 kpc. G173+1.5 is one of the largest star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy. We demonstrate that the HV H i gas is well correlated with the radio continuum loop and that the two seem to trace an expanding shell. The expansion velocity of the shell is large (55 km s−1), suggesting that it represents a supernova remnant (SNR). We derive physical parameters for the shell and show these to be consistent with the object being an SNR. We also detect hot X-ray-emitting gas inside the H ii complex by analyzing the ROSAT all-sky X-ray background survey data. This also supports the SNR interpretation. We conclude that the HV H i gas and the X-rays are most likely the products of a supernova explosion(s) within the H ii complex, possibly in a cluster that triggered the formation of these H ii regions.
DBHAaaS - DataBase High Availability as a Service for cloud computing

On conventional database systems, the recovery manager applies transaction Undo or Redo operation or a combination of them to recover the last consistent state of the database from a system failure. Transaction redo, compared to undo, helps to shorten the system downtime so the execution of transactions is managed in such a way that majority of transactions require redo to recover the database. To further reduce the recovery time, the recovery module uses “Checkpoint” operation. Even though it is possible to eliminate transaction redo altogether, the conventional system architecture, however, is not capable to deploy innovative approaches. The availability of “Virtual” machines on cloud has given us an architecture that makes it possible to completely do away with transaction redo which allows us to eliminate the effect of system or transaction failure by taking the database to the next consistent state. In this dissertation, we present a novel scheme of eliminating the effect of such failures by applying transaction “roll-forward. ” Our approach intelligently applies roll-forward from the
Birkhoff-like theorem for rotating stars in (2+1) dimensions

Consider a rotating and possibly pulsating "star" in (2+1) dimensions. If the star is axially symmetric, then in the vacuum region surrounding the star, (a region that we assume at most contains a cosmological constant), the Einstein equations imply that under physically plausible conditions the geometry is in fact stationary. Furthermore, the geometry external to the star is then uniquely guaranteed to be the (2+1) dimensional analogue of the Kerr-de Sitter spacetime, the BTZ geometry. This Birkhoff-like theorem is very special to (2+1) dimensions, and fails in (3+1) dimensions. Effectively, this is a "no hair" theorem for (2+1) dimensional axially symmetric stars: the exterior geometry is completely specified by the mass, angular momentum, and cosmological constant.