Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glacial deposits and landforms at the terminus of a Laurentide ice stream, Oneida Lake, New York, from multichannel seismic reflection data

Abstract The deglaciation record of the Ontario Lowland and Mohawk Valley of North America is important for constraining the retreat history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, end-Pleistocene paleoclimate, and ice-sheet processes. The Mohawk Valley was an important meltwater drainage route during the last deglaciation, with the area around modern Oneida Lake acting as a valve for meltwater discharge into the North Atlantic Ocean. The Mohawk Valley was occupied by the Oneida Lobe and Oneida Ice Stream during the last deglacial period. Multichannel seismic reflection data can be used to generate images of preglacial surfaces and internal structures of glacial bedforms and proglacial lake deposits, thus contributing to studies of deglaciation. This paper uses 217 km of offshore multichannel seismic reflection data to image the entire Quaternary section of the Oneida basin. A proglacial lake and paleo-calving margin is interpreted, which likely accelerated the Oneida Ice Stream, resulting in elongated bedforms observed west of the lake. The glacial bedforms identified in this study are buried by proglacial lake deposits, indicating the Oneida basin contains a record of glacial meltwater processes, including a 60-m-thick proglacial interval in eastern Oneida Lake.
Evaluation of actively clamped resonant link inverter for low output harmonic distortion, high power density power converters

The suitability of a soft-switched actively clamped resonant DC link (ACRDCL) inverter for low output harmonic distortion/high power density power conversion is evaluated. Modulation and control techniques for achieving low harmonic distortion are described. Performance and power density of the ACRDCL inverter are maximized through the optimal design of the clamp circuit, resonant components, and output filter components. For the same output kVA, efficiency and harmonic performance as the ACRDCL inverter, hard-switched designs are compared. The ACRDCL inverter simulation and design are validated experimentally.
Experimental Study of Atmospheric Ice Detection on Wind Turbine Blade Using Thermal Infrared Technique

Various techniques have been used by researchers to detect and estimate the associated parameters of atmospheric ice accretion on structures like wind turbine blades in cold regions. Most of these techniques did not perform well in harsh weather conditions. This paper describes a passive thermal Infrared based technique to detect ice on wind turbine blades. To validate the concept and perform this lab based study, a comprehensive lab setup at cold room chamber of Narvik University College was designed, that consists of a very long wavelength thermal infrared camera (λ = 17 μm), frequency controlled low speed ice generator, data acquisition system, associated electronics and computational resources. Thermal infrared images of scaled wind turbine model in cold environment were processed using image processing techniques to study the temperature and emissivity distribution along wind turbine blade, which provided more accurate results as compared to the point sensors, where extensive computation and material degradation under freezing temperatures is a constant problem.
Who Makes You More Disappointed? The Effect of Avatar Presentation, Company Market Status, and Agent Identity on Customers’ Perceived Service Quality and Satisfaction of Online Chatting Services

Recent advances in interactive communication have allowed companies to introduce new digital technologies to differentiate their online customer chatting services, allowing companies to leverage both human and AI agents in their chatting services. In addition, the presentation of chatting agents is also varied including human pictures, human image, and so on. However, little is known about how these changes in online chatting service affect customer responses. To answer this call, the current research examines the effects of avatar presentation, company market status, and agent identity on customers’ perception of service quality and satisfaction in the context of minor service failure that customers encounter through online chatting services. The results of two studies show that customers perceive better service quality and demonstrate lower satisfaction if served by an artificial intelligence [AI] agent (vs. a human-agent), represented by a human picture (vs. a human image). However, this pattern was found only for a company with high marketstatus, not for a company with low market-status. These results will help marketing practitioners strategically design their chatting service environments according to the nature of services they offer.
A Model for Capacity Planning in Cassandra : Case Study on Ericsson’s Voucher System

Cassandra is a NoSQL(Not only Structured Query Language) database which serves large amount of data with high availability . Cassandra data storage dimensioning also known as Cassandra capacity planning refers to predicting the amount of disk storage required when a particular product is deployed using Cassandra. This is an important phase in any product development lifecycle involving Cassandra data storage system. The capacity planning is based on many factors which are classified as Cassandra specific and Product specific.This study is to identify the different Cassandra specific and product specific factors affecting the disk space in Cassandra data storage system. Based on these factors a model is to be built which would predict the disk storage for Ericsson’s voucher system.A case-study is conducted on Ericsson’s voucher system and its Cassandra cluster. Interviews were conducted on different Cassandra users within Ericsson R&D to know their opinion on capacity planning approaches and factors affecting disk space for Cassandra. Responses from the interviews were transcribed and analyzed using grounded theory.A total of 9 Cassandra specific factors and 3 product specific factors are identified and documented. Using these 12 factors a model was built. This model was used in predicting the disk space required for voucher system’s Cassandra.The factors affecting disk space for deploying Cassandra are now exhaustively identified. This makes the capacity planning process more efficient. Using these factors the Voucher system’s disk space for deployment is predicted successfully.
The low-high-low I-V characteristics of five to seven peaks based on four NDR devices

Some novel five-peak, six-peak, and seven-peak current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of four series-connected negative differential resistance (NDR) devices are investigated and demonstrated in this paper. Especially, the peak currents of these novel I-V characteristics are presented as a low-high-low situation. However, the magnitude of each peak current is almost the same or from low to high values gradually in traditional structure that connects identical devices in series. The results of this paper can provide some ideas for integrated circuits based on NDR devices.
Characterization of microRNAs in spent culture medium associated with human embryo quality and development

Background Given implantation failure limits the improvement of in vitro fertilization (IVF) success rates, there is an urgency to identify potential biomarkers for embryo quality and predict the outcomes of IVF-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods Using RNA-sequencing, we identified the expression profiles of 16 spent culture medium (SCM) collected from embryos at the cleavage on day 3 (D3 cleavage) and blastocyst stages on day 5 (D5 blastocyst) during IVF cycles. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were then identified, and microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) interaction networks were constructed. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) confirmation and validation in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were performed. Results Compared with the pregnant group, 29 DEmiRNAs were detected in the non-pregnant group at D3 cleavage, and 26 were detected in the non-pregnant group at D5 blastocyst. Among them, a total of six known miRNAs, including hsa-miR-199a-3p>hsa-miR-199b-3p, hsa-miR-199a-5p, hsa-miR-379-5p, hsa-miR-432-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, and hsa-miR-483-5p, were identified. The results of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that these target genes of DEmiRNAs were associated with various biological processes (BPs). The results of validation in qRT-PCR and the GEO database suggested the reliability of our RNA-sequencing results. Conclusions In conclusion, we identified three miRNAs, including hsa-miR-199a-5p, hsa-miR-483-5p, and hsa-miR-432-5p, which may serve as biomarkers for embryo quality during IVF cycles.
Energy-Efficient Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Phototransistors: Quantum Simulation, Device Physics, and Photosensitivity Analysis

In this paper, new nanoscale phototransistors based on carbon nanotube (CNT) are proposed and assessed using a quantum simulation-based computational methodology. The used numerical model is based on the self-consistent computation combining the Poisson solver and Schrödinger solver within the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism while assuming a ballistic transport. The working principle of the proposed phototransistors is based on the light-induced gate photovoltage that alters the electrostatic gating of the transducers as well as the quantum mechanical transport in the zigzag CNT channel. The computational investigation includes two known carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFET) as photodetector, namely, the MOSFET-like CNTFET and the CNT tunneling FET (CNTTFET). The physics, quantum transport, and photosensitivity behavior of the nanoscale phototransistors were thoroughly investigated including the electron potential distribution, energy-position-resolved current spectrum, drain current, subthreshold swing, sensitivity behavior, and scaling capability. In addition, a parametric investigation was conducted to reveal the photosensitivity trends against the variation in physical and geometrical phototransistors parameters. The obtained results make the investigated CNT-based phototransistors intriguing photodetectors that can serve the cutting-edge nanoscale optoelectronics.
High-temperature single-electron transistor based on a gold nanoparticle

Molecular single-electron transistors based on small (2 - 4 nm) gold nanoparticles were fabricated using an electronbeam lithography and the electromigration method. Electrical characteristics of the obtained transistors were measured at 77 and 300 K. The characteristics show that the regime of a correlated tunneling of electrons was realized at these high for the process temperatures.
THE EFFECTS OF HEAT ACCLIMATION ON THE HEAT STRAIN OF WORKING IN PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

Heat strain was measured in 7 male subjects, dressed in British Army chemical protective clothing, during an 'exercise-in-heat' before and again after 5 and 10 successive days of heat acclimation. Clothing: multi-layered garments covering the torso, head, arms and legs; rubber gloves and boots; respirator. Total weight = 8.8 ( 0.3) kg; ratio of Woodcock Moisture Permeability Index (im) to total clothing insulation (IT) = 0.9 at an airspeed of 0.4 mise Exercise-in-heat test: treadmill walk at 4.8 km/h, 0% incline, for a maximum of 100 minutes (measured oxygen consumption was about 1 litre/minute); ambient air dry-bulb temperature =35°C; relative humidity = 50%; globe temperature = dry-bulb temperature; airspeed = 1.1 m/s; wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGn index = 29 ·C. Acclimation: Wearing light clothing treadmill walk (4.8 krn/h, 0% incline) in a hot environment (WBGT index 38-40 ·C) until rectal temperature (Tre) reached 38.8 ·C when subjects sat. Tre was maintained at this level for about 1 hour, by continued rest or by intermittent walking, as required. Heat strain was measured during the test exposures by recording Tre, mean skin temperature (3), heart rate and total water loss. The ratio water evaporated : total water loss (E/P %) was calculated. Endurance times (time to self withdrawal or ethics withdrawal limits reached) were also recorded. Data are expressed as mean (ISD). Statistical significance was accepted at P<0.05. The experiment was approved by the local Ethics Committee.
Strain-gauge mapping of die surface stresses

The distribution of die surface stresses in integrated circuits has been determined experimentally using a specially designed semiconductor strain gauge array. Specifically, 28-pin dual-in-line packages were assembled with different molding compounds and subjected to thermal shock testing. To monitor changes in the mechanical integrity of the package, surface stress profiles from the samples were plotted along various die symmetry axes. The profiles show that principal stresses are highest at the center of the die, whereas maximum in-plane shear stresses are highest at the corners. The principal stress levels at the center of the die are useful in comparing different molding compound formulations. Maximum shear stresses are useful in evaluating changes in mechanical integrity due to accelerated life testing. >
Online wind turbine fault detection through automated SCADA data analysis

This paper describes a set of anomaly-detection techniques and their applicability to wind turbine fault identification. It explains how the anomaly-detection techniques have been adopted to analyse supervisory control and data acquisition data acquired from a wind farm, automating and simplifying the operators' analysis task by interpreting the volume of data available. The techniques are brought together into one system to collate their output and provide a single decision support environment for an operator. The framework used is a novel multi-agent system architecture that offers the opportunity to corroborate the output of the various interpretation techniques in order to improve the accuracy of fault detection. The results presented demonstrate that the interpretation techniques can provide performance assessment and early fault identification, thereby giving the operators sufficient time to make more informed decisions regarding the maintenance of their machines.
Study of Park-and-Ride Facilities and Their Use in the San Francisco Bay Area of California

Park-and-ride lots are important support facilities for transit and ride-sharing in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. The authors designed and carried out the region's first large-scale, detailed study of park-and-ride facilities and users. Three Bay Area Rapid Transit (rail) station parking lots were also surveyed. The user survey results showed that almost all the parking users were commuters; at the freeway lots, half were transit users and the remainder were organized and casual car-poolers. Most drove alone to the park-and-ride lot and made long trips to work, many more than 30 mi one way. Users had concerns about lot security, the lack of lighting, and the quality of transit services offered. Analysis of focus group data determined that schedule adherence rather than frequency was the cause of most concerns. Participants expressed a willingness to pay for parking that was fenced, security patrolled, and lighted, with shelters for waiting. Together, the surveys and focus groups have provided insights into ways to improve the park-and-ride lots and the services offered there, as well as on how travelers view transit and carpooling options. The results provide a sound basis for planning improvements.
Third-Order Nonlinear Integrated Device Based on an Effective Graded-Index Waveguide for All-Optical Multistability

We present a theoretical study of all-optical multistability in an integrated device composed by a step-index nonlinear Kerr waveguide with a variable width film, providing an effective graded-index profile. The self- and cross-action of nonlinear Gaussian counterpropagating beams in this structure and a feedback controlling mechanism based on transverse modal coupling generate a multistable behavior. The results have been obtained and explained on the basis of the exact solutions of the variational problem for the counterpropagating Gaussian beams. Finally, in order to make clear the possibilities of this device, novel applications of the all-optical multistable integrated device are proposed for smart sensing.
Adaptive SVM to compensate DC-link voltage ripple for four-switch three-phase voltage-source inverters

An adaptive space vector modulation (SVM) approach to compensate the DC-link voltage ripple in a B4 inverter is proposed and examined in detail. The theory, design, and performance of this pulsewidth modulation (PWM) method are presented, and the method effectiveness is demonstrated by extensive simulations and experiments. High-quality output currents are guaranteed by this approach even with substantial DC-voltage variations that might be caused by an unbalanced AC supply system, the diode rectification of the line voltages, and circulation of one output phase current through the split capacitor bank. The application of this approach to induction machine drives is also discussed. It is concluded that the DC-voltage ripple effect on the B4 inverter output can be minimized by an adaptive SVM algorithm with the advantage of improving the response of the DC-link filter and the output quality of the inverter becoming high.
On spectrum approximation by impulses

The problem of using the moment method to approximate a power density spectrum by impulses on the jω axis is discussed, it is shown that Prony's algorithm is suitable for determination of the impulse parameters and that their frequencies are equal to the frequencies of the zeros in a certain analog minimum output power filter. An analogy with Pisarenko spectrum analysis is proposed.
Design of vertical polarization-mode splitter with mode-size transformer

A systematic design of compact polarization-mode splitters with mode-size converters using tapered resonant vertical couplers (VCs) has been demonstrated with contrast ratios as much as 95 : 1. The tapered transfer region is designed to include only the resonant width for the desired polarization. Such filters could be used as the input stage of polarization sensitive optical devices. The VC architecture also improves fiber coupling to the optical devices and serves as a means for vertical optical integration.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: Are Benefits Demonstrated in International Studies Replicable in Pakistan?

Objectives To determine the efficacy of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in terms of frequency of surgical site infection (SSI) and length of hospital stay in patients undergoing colorectal surgeries for colorectal carcinoma. Study design Quasi-experimental study. Setting/Duration of study Department of Surgery, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, from May 7, 2019 to November 6, 2019. Methodology A total of 120 patients with colorectal carcinomas who fulfilled that sample selection criteria were studied. After randomization, patients were divided into two equal groups; one group received management under ERAS while the second group received conventional management. All patients were recorded for length of hospital stay and the development of SSIs. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Results The mean age was 42.34 ± 14.45 years, with a male majority, i.e., 72 (60%). The mean duration of in-patient stay was 3.45 ± 1.73 days with ERAS and 8.25 ± 1.58 days with conventional management (p < 0.001). A total of 28 (23.3%) SSIs developed, of which nine (7.5%) SSIs occurred with ERAS, while 19 (15.8%) occurred with traditional management (p = 0.031). Conclusion ERAS protocols have been demonstrated to be effective, cheap, and safe. There is a tangible reduction in length of hospital stay and incidence of SSIs which translates into reduced utilization of resources and financial costs. However, strict adherence to the protocol may be necessary to obtain the aforementioned benefits, which may be difficult to do in the face of professional, institutional, and personal inertia. Intensive efforts are required to make these protocols more convenient and attractive to implement, so as to facilitate conversion to this management approach.
Using Public Participation to Improve MELs Energy Data Collection

Miscellaneous Electric Loads (MELs) have proliferated in the last decade, and comprise an increasing share of building energy consumption. Because of the diversity of MELs and our lack of understanding about how people use them, large-scale data collection is needed to inform meaningful energy reduction strategies. Traditional methods of data collection, however, usually incur high labor and metering equipment expenses. As an alternative, this paper investigates the feasibility of crowdsourcing data collection to satisfy at least part of the data collection needs with acceptable accuracy. This study assessed the reliability and accuracy of crowdsourced data, by recruiting over 20 volunteers (from the 2012 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Open House event) to test our crowdsourcing protocol. The protocol asked volunteers to perform the following tasks for three test products with increasing complexity - record power meter and product characteristics, identify all power settings available, and report the measured power. Based on our collected data and analysis, we concluded that volunteers performed reasonably well for devices with functionalities with which they are familiar, and might not produce highly accurate field measurements for complex devices. Accuracy will likely improve when participants are measuring the power used by devices in their home which they know how to operate, by providing more specific instructions including instructional videos. When integrated with existing programs such as the Home Energy Saver tool, crowdsourcing data collection from individual homeowners has the potential to generate a substantial amount of information about MELs energy use in homes.
Wind Effect Analysis on Instrument Flight Procedures Using a Turkish Wind Model

This study focuses on an increase in efficiency in the construction of flight procedures considering wind effect in protection areas. In Turkish airspace, the International Civil Aviation Organization wind model is used in the construction of flight procedures. This model estimates extremely high wind-speed values compared to actual wind speed,andcausesinefficientairspaceutilizationinproceduredesign.Betterwind-speedestimationsreducethesizeof the protection areas. Because the protection areas are not allowed to overlap, this reduction provides flexibility for capacity enhancement plans and high-terrain intersections for flight procedures. In this regard, considering longtermmeteorologicalstatistical data,auniquewind-speed modelhasbeendevelopedforuseinTurkishairspace.The wind effect of the Turkish model is discussed over the wind effect found using the International Civil Aviation Organization wind model, in which the reduction in the protection areas for 90 deg course changes is found to be 0.2 n miles (450 m) for ground and 0.7 n miles (1332 m) for an altitude of 24,000 ft. For holding maneuvers at 10,000 ft, at certain flight configurations for instance, the reduction in the protection areas can be up to 1.6 n miles (3000 m).
A three-phase synchronous frame controller for unbalanced load [invertor operation]

A new control scheme for three-phase inverters is presented in this paper. This control scheme is able to completely compensate for the effect of load imbalance. The controller consists of two PI controllers in two reference frames rotating in opposite directions. These two reference frames extract both positive and negative sequence components of the output voltage. The controller for the negative sequence components effectively compensates for the effect of load imbalance. Both simulation and experimental results are included.