Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Valuing and Managing Watershed Services

Understanding connections is critical to developing payment schemes for watershed services. Payment schemes have to link watershed management to downstream impacts, and therefore the interests and motivations of upstream and downstream stakeholders. Values for watershed services have to be linked to decision-making in watersheds. There are key issues that must be understood before these connections can be used to construct a payment scheme. How does watershed management relate to sustainable use of watershed services, and how can the condition of watershed services be monitored? These are critical questions because identifying the cause-and-effect links between watershed management and changes in the delivery of watershed services is a fundamental building block of payment schemes. Who are the beneficiaries of watershed services, and who are the suppliers or providers of services? Creating economic incentives for watershed management demands that the influence of values for watershed services on the choices and behaviour of these stakeholders is understood. Connecting watershed management to valuations for watershed services and to decision-making helps to build a case for payment schemes. Raising interest, awareness and understanding of these connections is vital to ensuring that paying for watershed services can be justified to stakeholders.
Species delimitation in the bear scarabs: using GIS tools to clarify the Paracotalpa ursina (Coleoptera) species complex

Distributions and environmental conditions for the western North American Paracotalpa ursina (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Areodina) species complex are assessed using niche modeling. This species complex occurs mainly in the California Floristic Province and includes as many as nine morphotypes. Its high phenotypic variation could be influenced by mechanisms associated with the complex topographies of the Californian landscape such as dispersal barriers and climate. Comparison of factors that influence the distribution of the highly variable P. ursina populations with less variable sister species populations may help to elucidate the mechanisms that lead to intraspecific variation.
Monomeric Class I Molecules Mediate TCR/CD3ε/CD8 Interaction on the Surface of T Cells

Both CD8 and the TCR bind to MHC class I molecules during physiologic T cell activation. It has been shown that for optimal T cell activation to occur, CD8 must be able to bind the same class I molecule that is bound by the TCR. However, no direct evidence for the class I-dependent association of CD8 and the TCR has been demonstrated. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer, we show directly that a single class I molecule causes TCR/CD8 interaction by serving as a docking molecule for both CD8 and the TCR. Furthermore, we show that CD3ε is brought into close proximity with CD8 upon TCR/CD8 association. These interactions are not dependent on the phosphorylation events characteristic of T cell activation. Thus, MHC class I molecules, by binding to both CD8 and the TCR, mediate the reorganization of T cell membrane components to promote cellular activation.
Breast Cancer and Oxidative Stress

Endocrine and anti-EGFR strategies are used to treat breast cancer. Unfortunately, resistance can be acquired. Deciphering resistance mechanisms remains essential to design treatments for this adverse state. Oxidative stress is the cellular imbalance of pro-oxidants (promoting cell death) and antioxidants (facilitating cell survival and chemotherapy/radiotherapy resistance). However, it remains unexplored whether endocrine or anti-EGFR resistance also associates with altered redox balance. In this project, redox balance was examined using in vitro human resistant breast cancer models TAMR, FASR, X-MCF and NEW DUBS, comparing with responsive w/tMCF7 cells using microarray analysis, PCR, and TAC, ROS, or MTT assays. Pro-oxidant levels increased significantly in all resistant models but this did not impact adversely on growth. Significantly increased antioxidant levels were also observed in all resistant models, perhaps limiting pro-oxidant increases to maintain cell survival. Antioxidants were also significantly induced by antihormones in w/tMCF7 cells that may limit apoptosis with early treatment. Expression of 15 antioxidant genes increased in resistant cells spanning multiple resistant states. While gefitinib challenge revealed many antioxidant genes were EGFR/kinase signalling-regulated in TAMR cells, gefitinib and further signal transduction inhibitors (STIs) indicated total antioxidant capacity was not. Thus, additional genes/signalling probably drive increased antioxidants in resistant cells future deciphering and depletion of antioxidants could feasibly block cell survival in multiple resistant states. Several STIs further increased pro-oxidants in TAMR cells, indicating oxidative stress was also not EGFR/kinase-promoted since STIs also further increased antioxidant capacity, this may again limit pro-oxidant increases and hence apoptotic effect. Importantly, the thesis revealed resistant cells may be particularly sensitive to agents inducing excessive oxidative stress. Redox balance and feasibility of agents influencing redox remains complex. However, new findings and concepts emerging from this thesis are worthy of future exploration for potential treatments for resistance to endocrine/anti-EGFR agents.
Taxonomic position of Bison bison [Linnaeus 1758] and Bison bonasus [Linnaeus 1758] as determined by means of cytb gene sequence

Based on the analysis of the cytb gene of mtDNA the taxonomic position was determined of two closely related Bovidae species: American bison (Bison bison) and European bison (Bison bonasus). Reference sequences were determined for both species. In the American bison two variants of cytb gene were identified. Both of them are novel sequences, so far not published in GenBank. For comparison the reference sequences in four another representatives of Bovidae (Polish Red cattle, Zebu cattle, Merino sheep and Polish White Improved goat) were determined. Phylogenetic reconstructions were obtained by the neighbour-joining method (N-J) on all mutations and on changes with removed mutations in third position. Topology of phylogenetic trees showed that American bison and European bison form a separate nodes. The molecular data presented corroborate the results of earlier studies showing that although the two species in question are very closely related, their classification as subspecies is rather questionable. The fact that nodes for American as well as European bison show relatively high bootstrap scores supports this hypothesis.
Phylogeny and higher classification of Hoplandriini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)

Abstract The monophyly of the aleocharine beetle tribe Hoplandriini is established and the phylogenetic relationships of sixteen genus‐group taxa are resolved. Three primary lineages are recognized: the Ligulata+ ((Platandria+Tetrallus) + (Paroplandria+ (Ditropandria+ (Omoplandria+ (Nosora+Tinotoma))))) clade forms a sister group to the ((Hoplandria+ undescribed species 5, 4, 6) + undescribed species 1, 2, 3) clade, and together form the sister group to Pseudoplandria. On the basis of phylogenetic inference, three subtribes are proposed within Hoplandriini. Hoplandriina is composed of Hoplandria s.l and two as yet undescribed genera from the New World. Platandriina, subtr.n. , is composed of Ditropandria, Paroplandria, Platandria, Tetrallus, Omoplandria, Nosora and Tinotoma from the Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental and Palearctic Regions. Pseudoplandriina, subtr.n. , is composed of genus Pseudoplandria, primarily from the Oriental Region with one species from the Palearctic Region.
Immigration and in situ glacial survival of the low-alpine Erinus alpinus (Scrophulariaceae)

It has been hypothesized that the subalpine Erinus alpinus survived the Pleistocene glaciation in southern French refugia peripheral to the Alps and postglacially immigrated to its northern Alpine distribution (tabula rasa hypothesis). However, E. alpinus is also known from nunataks in the northern Prealps. PCR–RFLP of the cpDNA revealed no variation, whereas AFLPs identified three phylogeographical groups among the 22 populations: (1) a central Swiss group, (2) a single central Swiss population on Mount Rigi, and (3) all other populations located to the west and east of the central Swiss group (west-eastern populations). The population representing the putative French refugium was not distinct from the west-eastern populations but was different from the populations of central Switzerland. We consider this support for locally restricted in situ survival of E. alpinus in the northern Prealps or nearby Jura mountains (dating back to 60–28 ky BP). However, the west-eastern gene-pool probably immigrated postglacially from southern France through the prealpine lowlands (not before 14.6 kyr BP), skirting central Switzerland. The near-absence of gene flow among the central Swiss and the west-eastern populations may be the reason why these historical genetic patterns are still detectable. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2002, 77, 87–103.
Molecular phylogeny of microorganisms

A proper understanding of the diversity, systematics and nomenclature of microbes is increasingly important in many branches of biological science. The molecular approach to phylogenetic analysis, pioneered by Carl Woese in the 1970s and leading to the three-domain model (Archaea, Bacteria, Eucarya), has revolutionized our thinking about evolution in the microbial world. The technological innovation of modern molecular biology and the rapid advancement in computational science have led to a flood of nucleic acid sequence information, bioinformatic tools and phylogenetic inference methods. Phylogenetic analysis has long played a central role in microbiology and the emerging fields of comparative genomics and phylogenomics require substantial knowledge and understanding of phylogenetic analysis and computational methods. In this book, leading scientists from around the world explore current concepts in molecular phylogeny and their application with respect to microorganisms. The authors describe the different approaches applied today to elucidate the molecular phylogeny of prokaryotes (and eukaryotic protists) and review current phylogenetic methods, techniques and software tools. Topics covered include: a historical overview, computational tools, multilocus sequence analysis, 16S rRNA phylogenetic trees, rooting of the universal tree of life, applications of conserved indels, lateral gene transfer, endosymbiosis and the evolution of plastids. This book is an ideal introduction to molecular phylogeny for all microbiologists and is an essential review of current concepts for experts in the field. A recommended text for all microbiology laboratories.
Zooplankton diversity and seasonal variations in Thandava reservoir, Visakhapatnam, India

Zooplankton diversity and seasonal variations were studied at three stations of Thandava reservoir to provide new insights into reservoir ecology and water quality. The study was carried out during the study period from Nov 2015 to Oct 2016. A total number of forty four zooplanktons both micro and macro species were identified in this reservoir at three stations. Among eight zooplankton groups, the diversity of rotifera comprise of 17 species (24.38%), cladocera 8 (17.63%), copepoda 5 (17.08%), ostracoda 2 (14.63 %), protozoa 3 (12.03%), crustacea 7 (11.18%), fish larvae and eggs 2 (03.08%). The number and percentage of zooplankton monthly population was highest 9.96% in during May 2016 and lowest 7.11% in November 2016. The group wise and season wise zooplankton mean diversity index was analysed and calculated, rotifera were highest (37.14%) in summer lowest (26.46%) in winter. Followed by cladoceran were highest (36.96%) and lowest (30.01%) in monsoon, followed by copepoda highest (39.40%) and lowest (28.61%), ostracoda highest (35.93%) and lowest (34.26%) in monsoon periods. Protozoa highest (41.80%) and lowest (27.77%), crustacea highest (41.01%) in monsoon and lowest (21.47%) in summer and Fish larvae and eggs highest (57.91%) in monsoon and lowest (16.02%) in summer. Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef’s richness index (R1) results were calculated for zooplankton diversity in this reservoir.
PARÂMETROS FÍSICOS E FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS DA POLPA DE PEQUI

portuguesO pequizeiro (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm.) e uma especie frutifera nativa do cerrado do Nordeste brasileiro, muito apreciado na regiao de ocorrencia, sendo responsavel por parte dos aportes energeticos e nutricionais para as familias de baixa renda na area rural. Sua principal utilizacao e na culinaria. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a caracterizacao fisica e fisico-quimica da polpa do pequi, proveniente do Sitio Sao Jose na cidade do Crato - CE. Na polpa do fruto, foram determinados pH, acidez total titulavel (ATT), solidos soluveis (°Brix), cinzas cor e umidade . A polpa do pequi apresentou um elevado teor de agua, baixa acidez e elevado pH, sendo propicio ao desenvolvimento de microorganismo e rapida deterioracao. EnglishThe pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittmer.) Is a fruit species native to the cerrado of the Brazilian Northeast, much appreciated in the region of occurrence, accounting for part of the energy and nutrient intakes for low-income families in rural areas. Its main use is in cooking. This study aimed to carry out the physical and physico-chemical pulp pequi, from the spot in the city of San Jose Crato, CE. In the pulp of the fruit were determined pH, titratable acidity (TTA), soluble solids (° Brix), gray color and moisture. The pulp of pequi had a high water content, low acidity and higher pH, being conducive to the development of microorganisms and rapid deterioration.
Viabilidade do grão de pólen de acessos de capim-elefante, milheto - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v28i1.1052

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a viabilidade do polen em acessos de capim-elefante, milheto e hibridos interespecificos por meio de germinacao in vitro e coloracao com carmim propionico, orceina acetica e corante de Alexander. Os testes de germinacao foram realizados com graos de polen frescos e armazenados por 30 dias. Os acessos de capim-elefante e de milheto apresentaram alta viabilidade de polen. Apenas um deles, quando avaliado com o corante de Alexander, mostrou baixa fertilidade. Para os hibridos, observou-se alta taxa de polens funcionais com os corantes nucleares. Entretanto, o corante de Alexander confirmou a completa esterilidade desses acessos. Os acessos de capim-elefante e milheto apresentaram baixa porcentagem de polens viaveis quando induzidos a germinacao em meio de cultura. Nos hibridos foi constatada completa esterilidade do grao de polen, condizente com as anormalidades meioticas relatadas na literatura. Quanto ao armazenamento, os graos de polen de todos os acessos perderam completamente o poder germinativo
Exploring sensitivity of a multistate occupancy model to inform management decisions

1. Dynamic occupancy models are often used to investigate questions regarding the processes that influence patch occupancy and are prominent in the fields of population and community ecology and conservation biology. Recently, multistate occupancy models have been developed to investigate dynamic systems involving more than one occupied state, including reproductive states, relative abundance states and joint habitat-occupancy states. Here we investigate the sensitivities of the equilibrium-state distribution of multistate occupancy models to changes in transition rates. 2. We develop equilibrium occupancy expressions and their associated sensitivity metrics for dynamic multistate occupancy models. To illustrate our approach, we use two examples that represent common multistate occupancy systems. The first example involves a three-state dynamic model involving occupied states with and without successful reproduction (California spotted owl Strix occidentalis occidentalis), and the second involves a novel way of using a multistate occupancy approach to accommodate second-order Markov processes (wood frog Lithobates sylvatica breeding and metamorphosis). 3. In many ways, multistate sensitivity metrics behave in similar ways as standard occupancy sensitivities. When equilibrium occupancy rates are low, sensitivity to parameters related to colonisation is high, while sensitivity to persistence parameters is greater when equilibrium occupancy rates are high. Sensitivities can also provide guidance for managers when estimates of transition probabilities are not available. 4. Synthesis and applications. Multistate models provide practitioners a flexible framework to define multiple, distinct occupied states and the ability to choose which state, or combination of states, is most relevant to questions and decisions about their own systems. In addition to standard multistate occupancy models, we provide an example of how a second-order Markov process can be modified to fit a multistate framework. Assuming the system is near equilibrium, our sensitivity analyses illustrate how to investigate the sensitivity of the system-specific equilibrium state(s) to changes in transition rates. Because management will typically act on these transition rates, sensitivity analyses can provide valuable information about the potential influence of different actions and when it may be prudent to shift the focus of management among the various transition rates.
Estimarea Liniarităţii Metodei de Amplificare a ADN-ului la Varroa destructor

Datorită importanţei producţiilor albinelor, prevenirea si controlul bolilor la albine reprezintă una dintre cele mai mari preocupări ale apicultorilor din intreaga lume. Datele referitoare la liniaritatea procesului de amplificare a ADN-ului provenit din parazitul Varroa destructor analizat sunt utile pentru desfăsurarea cu suces a genotipizăriii acestuia. Reacţia PCR – RT reprezintă o alternatvă la reacţia de amplificare clasică utilizată si pentru genotipizarea Varroa destructor. Aceasta reprezintă o etapă foarte importantă in procesul de caracterizare a parazitului, precum si in managementul tratamentelor adoptate in vederea combaterii atacului speciei Varroa Valoarea dreptei de regresie y = - 2,3103 * 26,552 si a coeficientului de determinare (r2) egal cu 0,9691. Această valoare a coeficientului de determinare semnifică faptul că 96% din eficienţa reacţiei exte explicabilă ca urmare a unei bine liniarităţi a procesului.Implementarea metodei RT – PCR a fost realizată cu success si reprezintă o premisă favorabilă pentru finalizarea procesului de validare a metodei de genotipizare.
Modèles compacts électro-thermiques du premier ordre et considération de bruit pour les circuits 3D

L'integration tridimensionnels (3D) ont ete couronnes de succes dans les dispositifs traditionnels pour augmenter la densite logique et reduire les distances de mouvement des donnees. Il resout les limites fondamentales de la mise a l'echelle, par ex. retard croissant dans les interconnexions, les couts de developpement et la variabilite. La plupart des peripheriques de memoire livres aujourd'hui comportent une forme d'empilage de puce. Mais en raison des limites de dissipation de puissance des circuits integres, la frequence de fonctionnement du MPU d'aujourd'hui a ete limitee a quelques GHz. Le but de la these est de fournir une methode de conception globale pour le circuit integre 3D dans le domaine electrique, thermique, electrothermique et aussi le bruit. A cette fin, la question de recherche est la suivante: Comment realiser la conception 3D IC, comment gerer VLS 3D IC et comment resoudre les problemes thermiques dans le CI 3D. Dans ce contexte, les methodes de simulation pour le substrat et egalement la connectivite relative (TSV, RDL, Micro strip et circuits integres dans le substrat) sont proposees. Afin de satisfaire la demande de recherche, un 3D-TLE et une impedance de substrat sont programmes dans Matlab, qui peut automatiquement extraire de tous les contacts; impedance, de forme arbitraire et de matiere arbitraire. L'extracteur est compatible a 100% avec le simulateur de cœur SPICE et verifie avec les resultats de mesure et les resultats de simulation FEM. Et comme pour une demo, une frequence de 26 GHz et un filtre RF de bande passante 2GHz sont proposes dans ce travail. Un autre simulateur electrothermique est egalement programme et verifie avec ADS. En tant que solution a la dissipation thermique locale, le caloduc plat est propose comme composant potentiel. Le modele caloduc est verifie avec une simulation FEM. La methode d'analyse du bruit des substrats et les methodes de calcul de electriques et thermo-mecanique KOZ sont egalement presentees.
Descripción de la experiencia en pacientes diagnosticados con insulinoma. Estudio multicéntrico en Medellín, Colombia

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the characteristics of patients with insulinoma in three hospitals in Medellin, Colombia, between 2002 and 2017. Methods : A retrospective analysis of patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and histologic confirmation of insulinoma was conducted. Results : A total of 19 cases were identified. Ten women (52.6 %) and 9 males (47.4 %). The mean age at diagnosis was 43 years (S.D: 15.5). Four cases had multifocal insulinoma (21.1%), 3 cases were secondary to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (15.8 %), and 2 of them were malignant (10.6 %). All patients presented fasting hypoglycemia, and 63.2% presented post-prandial hypoglycemia. Glucose nadir in the fasting test occurred in the first 48 hours in all cases, with a mean time to hypoglycemia of 9 hours (S.D 8.0). The biochemical diagnosis was done with increased insulin in the presence of hypoglycemia. C-peptide was done in 9 patients (47.3 %), and sulfonylureas in 2 cases (11.1 %). Preoperative localization was done by imaging in 12 cases (68.5 %), and invasive tests were required in 6 cases (31.5 %). Localization tests were positive as follows: magnetic resonance imaging in 83%, endoscopic ultrasound in 50%, selective intra-arterial calcium injection in 50 %, and intraoperative ultrasound in 100%. Eighteen patients (94. 7%) underwent surgery. Mortality (15.8 %) was secondary to early post-operative complications. Conclusions: The characteristics of patients with insulinoma in Medellin are similar to other series. However, there are important local limitations for proper biochemical testing and imaging localization. This is the largest study in our country.
Variación genética del mtDNA: De la genética poblacional a la farmacogenómica

Migrations into Africa from the Levant have greatly determined the mitochondrial genetic landscape of North Africa. After analyzing samples from North Morocco to Spain, we show that three fourths of the Moroccan individuals belong to Western Eurasian haplogroups and the frequencies of these are much more similar to those of the Iberian Peninsula than to those of the Middle East. This is particularly true for the mitochondrial haplogroups H1, H3 and V, which experienced a late-glacial expansion from this region, that repopulated much of Central and Northern Europe. Iberian Peninsula was also a source for prehistoric migrations to North Africa. 2009 Elsevier B.V. and Mitochondria Research Society. All rights reserved.
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa AmpR Transcriptional Regulatory Network

DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI13042330 Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.fiu. edu/etd Part of the Bacteria Commons, Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Commons, Bacteriology Commons, Bioinformatics Commons, Genomics Commons, Molecular Genetics Commons, Organismal Biological Physiology Commons, Other Genetics and Genomics Commons, Pathogenic Microbiology Commons, and the Respiratory Tract Diseases Commons