Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Point Process Models to Compare Neural Spiking Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus of Parkinsons Patients and a Healthy Primate Citation

Placement of deep brain stimulating electrodes in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) to treat Parkinson’s disease (PD) also allows the recording of single neuron spiking activity. Analyses of these unique data offer an important opportunity to better understand the pathophysiology of PD. Despite the point process nature of PD neural spiking activity, point process methods are rarely used to analyze these recordings. We develop a point process representation of PD neural spiking activity using a generalized linear model to describe longand short-term temporal dependencies in the spiking activity of 28 STN neurons from seven PD patients and 35 neurons from one healthy primate (surrogate control) recorded, while the subjects executed a directed-hand movement task. We used the point process model to characterize each neuron’s bursting, oscillatory, and directional tuning properties during key periods in the task trial. Relative to the control neurons, the PD neurons showed increased bursting, increased 10–30 Hz oscillations, and increased fluctuations in directional tuning. These features, which traditional methods failed to capture accurately, were efficiently summarized in a single model in the point process analysis of each neuron. The point process framework suggests a useful approach for developing quantitative neural correlates that may be related directly to the movement and behavioral disorders characteristic of PD.
A Attributions Socialization and the Development of SelfRegulated Learning : The Role of Attributions

This article discusses the idea that schooling socialization practices may influence students' self-regulated learning through their effects on attributions and perceived self-efficacy. I focus on students' beliefs about their abilities. From an attributional perspective, ability is generally viewed as a relatively fixed quality, but researchers have begun to identify different conceptions of ability. Though some students view ability in a fixed sense, others equate it with learning and hold an incremental view. Ability beliefs may influence perceived self-efficacy, which can affect motivation and skill acquisition. Following a theoretical overview of attribution theory, conceptions of ability, and seif-efficacy, research evidence is presented on how providing students with attributional feedback affects achievement beliefs and behaviors. Future research might address the process whereby attributional feedback influences ability perceptions and self-regullted learning, and the developmental changes that occur in ability perceptions and their generality across school domains.
Toxicity comparison of silver nanoparticles synthesized by physical and chemical methods to tadpole (Rana ridibunda)

One of the possible threats in increasing use of nanomaterials is the emergence of toxicity in humans and other animals which is discussed in nanotoxicology. In addition to toxic effects of nanomaterials themselves, different chemical precursors which are usually used in bottom-up approaches for production of nanomaterials may have secondary toxic effects in living organisms. In contrast, less use of chemicals in top-down approaches may reduce these secondary effects. To test this hypothesis, toxic effects of two types of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced by physical (top-down) and chemical (bottom-up) methods were investigated and compared on the tadpole, Rana ridibunda survival. The estimated 48 h LC50 values of AgNPs produced by chemical and physical methods for tadpoles were 0.055 ± 0.004 and 0.296 ± 0.085 mg.L-1, respectively. No observed effect concentration, lowest observed effect concentration, maximum acceptable toxicant concentration and median lethal concentration of AgNPs produced by chemical method were respectively 3.42, 4.50, 4.84 and 5.38 times less than those produced by physical method. Therefore, approving the mentioned hypothesis, it was revealed that AgNPs produced by chemical method are more toxic than those generated by physical method. However, it seems totally that AgNPs regardless of the method used for their production, have toxic effects on aquatic organisms and so, inhibiting their accidental or intentional entrance into the aquatic ecosystems should be more considered.
Regional Atmospheric Aerosol Pollution Detection Based on LiDAR Remote Sensing

Atmospheric aerosol is one of the major factors that cause environmental pollution. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an effective remote sensing tool for aerosol observation. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the aerosol pollution from the physical perspective, this study investigated regional atmospheric aerosol pollution through the integration of measurements, including LiDAR, satellite, and ground station observations and combined the backward trajectory tracking model. First, the horizontal distribution of atmospheric aerosol wa obtained by a whole-day working scanning micro-pulse LiDAR placed on a residential building roof. Another micro-pulse LiDAR was arranged at a distance from the scanning LiDAR to provide the vertical distribution information of aerosol. A new method combining the slope and Fernald methods was then proposed for the retrieval of the horizontal aerosol extinction coefficient. Finally, whole-day data, including the LiDAR data, the satellite remote sensing data, meteorological data, and backward trajectory tracking model, were selected to reveal the vertical and horizontal distribution characteristics of aerosol pollution and to provide some evidence of the potential pollution sources in the regional area. Results showed that the aerosol pollutants in the district on this specific day were mainly produced locally and distributed below 2.0 km. Six areas with high aerosol concentration were detected in the scanning area, showing that the aerosol pollution was mainly obtained from local life, transportation, and industrial activities. Correlation analysis with the particulate matter data of the ground air quality national control station verified the accuracy of the LiDAR detection results and revealed the effectiveness of LiDAR detection of atmospheric aerosol pollution.
Micro-Raman Spectroscopy, Colour Stability, Roughness and Mass Variation of Removable Partial Dentures after Cleansing with White Wine Vinegar

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the in vitro effect of White Wine Vinegar (WWV) on surface properties of removable partial dentures’ (RPD) components. Methods: Thirty specimens of one artificial teeth and a slab of cobalt-chromium alloy for RPDs were prepared. Specimens were distributed randomly in 3 groups (n=10): distilled water (negative control), WWV and CoregaTabs ® (commercial control). Before and after immersion regimens, the analyses undertaken were colour stability assessed using spectrophotometer, mean roughness surveyed by perfilometry, mass variation using an analytical balance and surface composition assessed by Raman micro-spectroscopy. The data were statistically analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey test ( p Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the treatments on roughness and colour change. Distilled water increased the weight of specimens whilst CoregaTabs and WWV reduced significantly the mass ( p -1 was detected after immersion in distilled water and CoregaTabs, demonstrating signs of alloy degradation. Peak at 2430 cm -1 after immersion in distilled water was observed. Conclusion: WWV at 30 vol % is a promising low-cost alternative for the daily cleaning of removable dentures without altering surface properties and composition of removable partial denture components. Key words: Removable denture, Vinegar, Raman spectroscopy.
Insights into the Interaction Mechanisms of the Proviral Integration Site of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (Pim) Kinases with Pan-Pim Inhibitors PIM447 and AZD1208: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation and MM/GBSA Calculation Study

Based on the up-regulation of the proviral integration site of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (Pim) kinase family (Pim1, 2, and 3) observed in several types of leukemias and lymphomas, the development of pan-Pim inhibitors is an attractive therapeutic strategy. While only PIM447 and AZD1208 have entered the clinical stages. To elucidate the interaction mechanisms of three Pim kinases with PIM447 and AZD1208, six Pim/ligand systems were studied by homology modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) binding free energy calculation. The residues of the top group (Leu44, Val52, Ala65, Lys67, and Leu120 in Pim1) dominated the pan-Pim inhibitors binding to Pim kinases. The residues of the bottom group (Gln127, Asp128, and Leu174 in Pim1) were crucial for Pims/PIM447 systems, while the contributions of these residues were decreased sharply for Pims/AZD1208 systems. It is likely that the more potent pan-Pim inhibitors should be bound strongly to the top and bottom groups. The residues of the left, right and loop groups were located in the loop regions of the binding pocket, however, the flexibility of these regions triggered the protein interacting with diverse pan-Pim inhibitors efficiently. We hope this work can provide valuable information for the design of novel pan-Pim inhibitors in the future.
Potential inhibitors of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and juvenile hormone with insecticidal activity: study of the binding mode via docking and molecular dynamics simulations

Abstract Models validation in QSAR, pharmacophore, docking and others can ensure the accuracy and reliability of future predictions in design and selection of molecules with biological activity. In this study, pyriproxyfen was used as a pivot/template to search the database of the Maybridge Database for potential inhibitors of the enzymes acetylcholinesterase and juvenile hormone as well. The initial virtual screening based on the 3D shape resulted in 2000 molecules with Tanimoto index ranging from 0.58 to 0.88. A new reclassification was performed on the overlapping of positive and negative charges, which resulted in 100 molecules with Tanimoto's electrostatic score ranging from 0.627 to 0.87. Using parameters related to absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion and the pivot molecule, the molecules selected in the previous stage were evaluated regarding these criteria, and 21 were then selected. The pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties were considered and for 12 molecules, the DEREK software not fired any alert of toxicity, which were thus considered satisfactory for prediction of biological activity using the Web server PASS. In the molecular docking with insect acetylcholinesterase, the Maybridge3_002654 molecule had binding affinity of −11.1 kcal/mol, whereas in human acetylcholinesterase, the Maybridge4_001571molecule show in silico affinity of −10.2 kcal/mol, and in the juvenile hormone, the molecule MCULE-8839595892 show in silico affinity value of −11.6 kcal/mol. Subsequent long-trajectory molecular dynamics studies indicated considerable stability of the novel molecules compared to the controls. AbbreviationsQSAR quantitative structure–activity relationshipsPASS prediction of activity spectra for substances Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
RISK MANAGEMENT IN SOFTWARE PROJECTS: AN APPROACH BASED ON NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

At all stages of the software development process there are risks and these can present an opportunity or threat to the project. The early practice of risk management in software projects makes it possible to know and control the factors that impact the project, thus contributing to its quality and success. This article aims to propose a conceptual model composed of the main risk factors in software development projects that allows project managers to evaluate and monitor risks. In order to achieve results that meet the objectives of this work, activities were carried out in an interactive manner according to a previously developed mental map. Considering risk as a non-functional requirement, risk management models were proposed through the NFR (non-functional requirements) Framework and i* Framework. By way of example, it can be concluded that projects that deal in the right time with risk operations or part of them may have a greater chance of success.
CARROT CUPCAKES DEVELOPMENT ADDED FLAX FLOUR ( Linum Usitatissimum L . ) : PHYSICOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION , SENSORY ACCEPTABILITY AMONG CHILDREN AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS

Aimed to elaborate carrot cupcakes enriched with flax flour (FF), analyzing the sensory acceptance by children, and the physicochemical composition of the standard product and one with a higher FF content and similar acceptance. Also, was performed the prevalence of nutritional diagnosis of children on taste attribute for the purpose of studying the nutritional status as interference factor in the acceptability. The following cupcakes formulations were done: standard (0%) and the other with 15, 18 and 21% FF. Participated in the sensory analysis 55 untrained tasters, both genders, between 4 and five years. The addition of 18% FF was the sample with the highest content, and similar to standard acceptance, especially in appearance, aroma and color attributes. There was no difference between the taste attribute notes related to nutritional diagnosis. The physicochemical analysis of the samples and standard with 18% FF was observed higher concentrations crude fiber, ashes, protein, fat and caloric value in the sample with FF, though observed in lower concentrations of moisture and carbohydrates. The food preparation of products showed an addition level up to 18% FF in cupcakes was well accepted by children, obtaining similar acceptance to the standard product. Key-words: cereal; functional ingredient; sensory analysis. 1 Bacharel em Nutrição pela Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste – UNICENTRO. Brasil. nutridai@yahoo.com. br 2 Doutora em Alimentos e Nutrição, Docente do Curso de Nutrição da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS. MS, Brasil. fabianelaflor@gmail.com. br 3 Doutora em Ciências da Cirurgia, Docente do Curso de Nutrição da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS. MS, Brasil. elisvania@gmail.com. br 4 Doutora em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Docente dos Cursos de Farmácia e Nutrição da Universidade São Judas Tadeu – USJT. rmanhani@yahoo.com 5 Doutora em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Docente do Curso de Nutrição da UNICENTRO e do Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Desenvolvimento Comunitário da UNICENTRO.
Detection of Cracks in Rotating Shafts by Using the Combination Resonances Approach and the Approximated Entropy Algorithm

Shaft crack detection is a very serious matter and machines suspected of having a crack must be treated carefully. The importance attributed to this problem is addressed due to the serious consequences when cracks are not early detected in rotating systems. Various crack detection techniques were proposed in the last years, in which the vibration based techniques have demonstrated being efficient. However, these techniques fail for the cases in which incipient cracks are concerned. Recently, a nonlinear approach to detect cracks in rotating shafts was presented. The idea is to excite the shaft by using a harmonic force to induce combination resonances in the system. If the combination resonances appear in the vibration responses of the rotating system, the presence of cracks is confirmed. However, this methodology demonstrated being effective in detecting only deep cracks. In this context, the uniqueness of this paper relies on the possibility of detecting incipient transverse cracks in rotating shafts by associating the combination resonances approach with the so-called Approximated Entropy algorithm (ApEn algorithm). ApEn is a statistical value used to quantify irregularities in data series. Patterns and correspondences between samples of the same series are searched to detect anomalies. Considering that the combination resonances change the pattern of the shaft vibration responses, the ApEn algorithm can be used to highlight the presence of such resonances and, consequently, the detection of incipient cracks. The proposed approach was numerically evaluated by considering a horizontal rotating machine. A preliminary experimental investigation is also presented. The results demonstrated the efficiency of the conveyed methodology.
CD MODIFICATION OF THE IONOSPHERIC ELECTRON VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DUE TO RESONANT ABSORPTION OF HF WAVES Merit

The nonlinear modification of the electron distribution function caused by the interaction with a resonant electrostatic field is studied analytically using a perturbation analysis. This interaction produces tail heating, and for a range of parameter values, can form a bump in the distribution, which leads to emission of secondary waves. These results are applied to the ionosphere's F and upper E regions in the context of ionospheric modification experiments using ground-based powerful HF transmitters. Analogies between our results and experimental measurements are discussed. , [. -Is
Creativity in the Workplace and Its Effect on Employee Retention

Research has shown the importance of innovation in the workplace and its effect on the employee’s emotional commitment. However, research has not proven that there is a directly positive correlation between workplace innovation and employee retention. Similarly, research has shown the importance of the employee-supervisor relationship, but not with respect to creative participation in the workplace. This study was conducted with a sample of 99 employees from the Midwestern manufacturing company. Results demonstrate there is a strong relationship between participation in creativity in the workplace and retention. No statistically significant support was found for the relationship between participation in creativity in the workplace and the employeesupervisor relationship. This study has extensive academic and practical implications, suggesting creative participation significantly increases employees’ retention rates.
Phenotypic and Molecular Study of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in a Regional Hospital in Northern Morocco

Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of clinical isolates of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), and to characterize the types of carbapenemases produced among the strains isolated from different samples in patients hospitalized at the regional hospital in Tangier in the North of Morocco over 12 month period (January to December 2015). Methods: A total of 367 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were collected from inpatients, antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined, and Enterobacteriaceae isolates with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems were investigated by phenotypic study using a range of techniques including antibiotic susceptibility testing, modified Hodge test and the double-disk synergy method. Expression of the genes encoding carbapenemases measured using PCR. Results: Twenty-two strains of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated which were expressing the phenotypic production of carbapenemases so 5.99% of Enterobacteriaceae are CPE. According to molecular study, the blaOXA-48 gene was the most commonly encountered with twelve isolates harboring this gene. Two isolates were carrying the blaIMP-1 gene, two carried the blaVIM-1 gene, a further two carried the blaKPC-1 gene, and two strains were found to be harboring more than one gene. Conclusion: This is the first study to reveal the prevalence of CPE in Northern Morocco and reports the first description of Metallo-beta-lactamase KPC- 1-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Morocco.
Are Both Dimensions of Property Rights 'Efficient'?

The "efficient institutions view" on property rights claims that property rights emerged and are enforced when their enforcement maximizes net wealth. In a cross-country pattern this is usually understood as the prediction that economic development creates the incentives to provide higher quality property rights, but this claim is highly debated. This paper tries to take various property rights scholarsâ€™ arguments seriously and see property rights quality as a two dimensional concept, the two dimensions being the definition and the assignment of property rights. The paper derives a measure for these two dimensions of property rights and shows that it is the assignment dimension which is determined by development, while the definition dimensions is rather determined by cultural factors, especially those deeper factors that seem to reflect a long-run effect of Western European culture. According to the paper, the main reasons behind this may be the difference in the expropriability of income generated by an improvement of each dimension, and the way such improvements may or may not affect countries' catching up process.
Restoring the Moral Dimension : Acknowledging Lay

Restoring the Moral Dimension Contemporary sociological accounts of action tend to pay little attention to its moral or ethical dimension, emphasizing habit, discourse, convention and interest instead. Yet this dimension of social life is inescapable in practice, social relations being differentiated partly by the particular moral expectations that are associated with them. People are evaluative beings, continually monitoring or at least sensing their own and others' behaviour as more or less good or bad. Moral sentiments or emotions are not mere subjective forms of 'affect' but have a rational, referential 1 The paper derives from research conducted with the support of an ESRC fellowship. Department of Sociology at Lancaster University 2 aspect; they are intelligent dispositions and susceptibilities. They are not wholly reducible to effects of social position. The paper draws upon the work of Adam Smith and moral philosophers such as Martha Nussbaum to make a case for taking the moral dimension of social life seriously. This emphasizes the role of emotions as evaluative judgements of matters affecting actors’ well-being and as fundamental to lay morality. By reference to examples of shame and moral boundary drawing, it is argued that concepts from moral philosophy can help illuminate the (un)ethical qualities of social relations and practices which sociology has tended to overlook. Finally comparisons are drawn with conventionalist, subjectivist, social constructionist and rationalist views of morality and values – views which, it is argued, have tended to produce an ‘alienated’ conception of morality in sociology. The paper derives from research conducted with the support of an ESRC fellowship.
A Conceptual Model for the IT-supported International Subsidiary Establishment Process

This study examines how the IT-supported international subsidiary establishment process can be implemented. An in-depth literature review uncovered that there is a significant lack of literature to guide managers about how to execute the establishment process of a subsidiary through the support of various IT-tools. This study, by answering the research question “What are the phases in the establishment of a subsidiary through IT-support and how have the phases been executed? ” introduces a conceptual model for the IT-supported international subsidiary establishment process. The research findings are useful for both practice and further research.