Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection and antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from tiger and lion in Dhaka Zoo

Received: 20 April 2020 Accepted: 07 May 2020 The present study was conducted to isolate, identify and characterize the bacterial pathogens present in feces of tiger and lion of Dhaka Zoo and their antimicrobial activities during the period from July to December 2013. 42 (twice from 6 tiger and 15 lion) faecal samples were collected from the cages of animals just after defecation and brought to the Microbiology laboratory of the Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology Universiy, Dinajpur for bacteriological examination. Isolation and identification of the microorganisms were performed by their morphology on different cultural media, staining characteristics and biochemical tests. Then, the isolated bacteria were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility analyzed by the online software ABIS Encyclopedis/tgw1916, 2014 and detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for molecular detection of E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus sp. Out of 42 samples 17 (40.47%) samples were positive for E. coli, 15 (35.71%) samples were positive for Salmonella sp, 18 (42.85%) samples were positive for Staphylococcus sp. The antibiogram study revealed that most of the E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were resistant to Doxycycline, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Neomycin, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin, Levofloxacin and Tetracycline. However, most of the E. coli, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus sp. were susceptible to Neomycin, Gentamicin and Colistine sulphate which indicate that the use of these antimicrobial may be chosen in clinical control of Salmonella, E. coli, and Staphylococcus sp infection. PCR results confirmed 7 (3 E. coli and 4 Salmonella) isolates out of 11 in tiger and lion. Most of the isolates have zoonotic importance and confirmed the presence of either commensal or pathogenic for tiger and lion in zoo. Keywords
Molecular Cloning of the Human DNA Excision Repair

The UV-sensitive, nucleotide excision repair-deficient Chinese hamster mutant cell line UV61 was used to identify and clone a correcting human gene, ERCC-6. UV61, belonging to rodent complementation group 6, is only moderately UV sensitive in comparison with mutant lines in groups 1 to 5. It harbors a deficiency in the repair of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers but permits apparently normal repair of (6-4) photoproducts. Genomic (HeLa) DNA transfections of UV61 resulted, with a very low efficiency, in six primary and four secondary UV-resistant transformants having regained wild-type UV survival. Southern blot analysis revealed that five primary and only one secondary transformant retained human sequences. The latter line was used to clone the entire 115-kb human insert. Coinheritance analysis demonstrated that five of the other transformants harbored a 100-kb segment of the cloned human insert. Since it is extremely unlikely that six transformants all retain the same stretch of human DNA by coincidence, we conclude that the ERCC-6 gene resides within this region and probably covers most of it. The large size of the gene explains the extremely low transfection frequency and makes the gene one of the largest cloned by genomic DNA transfection. Four transformants did not retain the correcting ERCC-6 gene and presumably have reverted to the UV-resistant phenotype. One of these appeared to have amplified an endogenous, mutated CHO ERCC-6 allele, indicating that the UV61 mutation is leaky and can be overcome by gene amplification.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Human cognition

A core assumption in cognitive psychology is that common principles govern the functioning of human cognition. I argue that there may be such common principles, but people may use their cognition in different ways to perform the same task in the laboratory and in everyday life. There is a tendency in cognitive psychology research to focus on theories of tasks rather than theories of how the cognitive system might perform those tasks. This raises concerns about widespread reliance in cognitive psychology research on the aggregate data from participant groups, and how applicable theories of tasks are to understanding cognition outside of the laboratory. The concerns are illustrated in four areas of memory research: memory for serial order, mental imagery, cognitive aging, expertise and memory. It is proposed that advances in cognitive theory and applicability would benefit from more detailed exploration of the flexibility of human cognition during task performance.
A Note on Numerical Representations of Nested System of Strict Partial Orders

This note provides two numerical representations of a nested system of strict partial orders. The first representation is based on utility and threshold functions. We generalize the threshold representation of menu-dependent preferences by allowing the threshold to depend not only on the menu but also on the pair of alternatives under comparison. The threshold function can be interpreted as the distance between alternatives. The second representation is based on the aggregation of multidimensional preference. This representation describes a decision-making procedure where multiple criteria are gradually aggregated into an overall assessment.
MOL094516 548..560

NMDA receptors are tetrameric complexes of GluN1, GluN2A-D, and GluN3A-B subunits and are involved in normal brain function and neurologic disorders. We identified a novel class of stereoselective pyrrolidinone (PYD) positive allosteric modulators for GluN2C-containing NMDA receptors, exemplified by methyl 4-(3acetyl-4-hydroxy-1-[2-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-5-oxo-2,5dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)benzoate. Here we explore the site and mechanism of action of a prototypical analog, PYD-106, which at 30 mM does not alter responses of NMDA receptors containing GluN2A, GluN2B, and GluN2D and has no effect on AMPA [a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid] and kainate receptors. Coapplication of 50 mM PYD-106 with a maximally effective concentration of glutamate and glycine increases the response of GluN1/GluN2C NMDA receptors in HEK-293 cells to 221% of that obtained in the absence of PYD (taken as 100%). Evaluation of the concentration dependence of this enhancement revealed an EC50 value for PYD of 13 mM. PYD-106 increased opening frequency and open time of single channel currents activated bymaximally effective concentrations of agonist but only hadmodest effects on glutamate andglycine EC50. PYD-106 selectively enhanced the responses of diheteromeric GluN1/GluN2C receptors but not triheteromeric GluN1/GluN2A/GluN2C receptors. Inclusion of residues encoded by GluN1-exon 5 attenuated the effects of PYD. Three GluN2C residues (Arg194, Ser470, Lys470), at which mutagenesis virtually eliminated PYD function, line a cavity at the interface of the ligand binding and the amino terminal domains in a homology model of GluN1/GluN2C built from crystallographic data on GluN1/GluN2B. We propose that this domain interface constitutes a new allosteric modulatory site on the NMDA receptor.
On Transfer Student Success: Exploring the Academic Trajectories of Black Transfer Engineering Students from Community Colleges

According to the National Science Foundation (NSF), half of Blacks who received a bachelor’s degrees in an engineering or science discipline attended a community college at some point during their academic career. However, while research highlights the importance of supporting underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities (URMs) in STEM disciplines, there is a dearth of literature focusing on URMs in community colleges who pursue engineering and other science/math-based majors. Further, Black undergraduates in community colleges are often homogenized by area of study, with few efforts to disaggregate the data by major/discipline. Similarly, while engineering education research has begun to focus on the population of community college students, less attention has been paid to unpacking the experiences of racial subgroups of community college attendees. The engineering student transfer process has specific aspects related to it being a selective and challenging discipline (e.g., limited enrollment policies, engineering culture shock) that warrants a closer investigation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the experiences of a distinct population of students who have recently transferred from several community colleges to one four-year engineering school. Specifically, we will present preliminary findings from interviews with three Black students who started their academic careers at several community colleges in a Mid-Atlantic state before transferring to the flagship institution of that same state. Interview transcripts were analyzed and coded by different members of the research team to document rich themes. This research is part of a larger-scale, three-year, NSF-funded qualitative study, which examines the academic trajectories of two distinct groups of Black engineering majors: 1) Blacks born and educated in the United States and 2) Those born and educated in other countries. By looking at these two communities, we will build upon past literature that disaggregates the experiences of Black STEM students who represent multiple identities across the African diaspora. Through this lens, we hope to highlight the impact that cultural background may have on the transfer experience. The theoretical framework guiding this study is drawn from the STEM Transfer model and posits that the persistence of Black transfer students in engineering is a longitudinal process influenced by the intersection of both individual and institutional factors. We draw from the STEM transfer model, noting that the transfer process commences during a student’s community college education and continues through his/her transfer and enrollment in an engineering program at a four-year institution. The following factors contribute to our conceptualization of this process: pre-college background, community college prior to transfer, initial transfer to the four-year university, nearing 4-year degree completion.
TITLE: Cortical complexity analyses and their cognitive correlate in Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia Short title: Cortical complexity analyses in AD and FTD Authors:

The changes of cortical structure in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are usually described in terms of atrophy. However, neurodegenerative diseases may also affect the complexity of cortical shape, such as the fractal dimension of the brain surface. Thirty-two people with symptomatic AD-pathology (clinically probable AD, n=18, and amyloid-positive mild cognitive impairment, n=14), 24 with FTD and 28 healthy controls underwent high-resolution 3T structural brain MRI. Using surface-based morphometry, we created vertex-wise cortical thickness and fractal dimension maps for group comparisons and correlations with cognitive measures in AD and FTD. In addition to the well-established pattern of cortical thinning encompassing temporoparietal regions in AD and frontotemporal areas in FTD (FDR p< 0.05), we observed reductions of fractal dimension specifically involving precuneus and posterior cingulate for AD and orbitofrontal cortex and insula for FTD. Correlational analyses between fractal dimension and cognition showed that these regions were particularly vulnerable with regards to memory and language impairment in both AD and FTD. This study demonstrates a distinct pattern of fractal dimension impairment and correlation with cognition. Further studies are required to assess cortical complexity measures at earlier disease stages (e.g. in prodromal/ asymptomatic carriers of FTD-related gene mutations) to assess whether fractal dimension represents a sensitive imaging marker for prevention and diagnostic strategies.
Learning Models of Individual Behavior in Chess

AI systems that can capture human-like behavior are becoming increasingly useful in situations where humans may want to learn from these systems, collaborate with them, or engage with them as partners for an extended duration. In order to develop human-oriented AI systems, the problem of predicting human actions---as opposed to predicting optimal actions---has received considerable attention. Existing work has focused on capturing human behavior in an aggregate sense, which potentially limits the benefit any particular individual could gain from interaction with these systems. We extend this line of work by developing highly accurate predictive models of individual human behavior in chess. Chess is a rich domain for exploring human-AI interaction because it combines a unique set of properties: AI systems achieved superhuman performance many years ago, and yet humans still interact with them closely, both as opponents and as preparation tools, and there is an enormous corpus of recorded data on individual player games. Starting with Maia, an open-source version of AlphaZero trained on a population of human players, we demonstrate that we can significantly improve prediction accuracy of a particular player's moves by applying a series of fine-tuning methods. Furthermore, our personalized models can be used to perform stylometry---predicting who made a given set of moves---indicating that they capture human decision-making at an individual level. Our work demonstrates a way to bring AI systems into better alignment with the behavior of individual people, which could lead to large improvements in human-AI interaction.
Twin Shaft-Geared Crankweb Crankshaft System with Optimization of Crankshaft Dimensions Using Integrated Artificial Neural Network-Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm

This paper suggests a novel design of a multi cylinder internal combustion engine crankshaft which will convert the unnecessary/extra torque provided by the engine into speed of the vehicle. Transmission gear design has been incorporated with crankshaft design to enable the vehicle attain same speed and torque at lower R.P.M resulting in improved fuel economy provided the operating power remains same. This paper also depicts the reduction in the fuel consumption of the engine due to the proposed design of the crankshaft system. In order to accommodate the wear and tear of the crankshaft due to the gearing action, design parameters like crankpin diameter, journal bearing diameter, crankpin fillet radii and journal bearing fillet radii have been optimized for output parameters like stress which has been calculated using finite element analysis with ANSYS Mechanical APDL and minimum volume using integrated Artificial Neural Network-Multi objective genetic algorithm. The data set for the optimization process has been generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling technique.
Topological thermal Hall effect of magnons in magnetic skyrmion lattice

Topological transports of fermions are governed by the Chern numbers of the energy bands lying below the Fermi energy. For bosons, e.g. phonons and magnons in a crystal, topological transport is dominated by the Chern number of the lowest energy band when the band gap is comparable to the thermal energy. Here, we demonstrate the presence of topological transport by bosonic magnons in a lattice of magnetic skyrmions – topological defects formed by a vortex-like texture of spins. We find a distinct thermal Hall signal in the magnetic skyrmion phase of an insulating polar magnet GaV 4 Se 8 , identified as the topological thermal Hall effect of magnons governed by the Chern number of the lowest energy band of the magnons in a triangular lattice of magnetic skyrmions. Our findings lay a foundation for studying topological phenomena of other bosonic excitations through thermal Hall probe. magnetic-field poling (MP) shows (1) a smaller slope of 𝑀 below 𝐵 ∗ , (2) sharper increases of 𝑀 at 𝐵 (cid:2929)(cid:2921)(cid:2935) and 𝐵 (cid:2929)(cid:2911)(cid:2930) , and (3) the increase of 𝑀 above 𝐵 (cid:2929)(cid:2911)(cid:2930) , compared to 𝑀 measured after zero magnetic-field poling (ZMP). These results confirm that the domain volume of the magnetic skyrmion phase is increased by MP.
Registration of Melting and Crystallization Process of Ultra-light Weight MgLi12,5 Alloy with Use of ATND Method

To the main advantages of magnesium alloys belongs their low density, and just because of such property the alloys are used in aviation and rocket structures, and in all other applications, where mass of products have significant importance for conditions of their operation. To additional advantages of the magnesium alloys belongs good corrosion resistance, par with or even surpassing aluminum alloys. Magnesium is the lightest of all the engineering metals, having a density of 1.74 g/cm. It is 35% lighter than aluminum (2.7 g/cm) and over four times lighter than steel (7.86 g/cm). The Mg-Li alloys belong to a light-weight metallic structural materials having mass density of 1.35-1.65 g/cm, what means they are two times lighter than aluminum alloys. Such value of mass density means that density of these alloys is comparable with density of plastics used as structural materials, and therefore Mg–Li alloys belong to the lightest of all metal alloys. In the present paper are discussed melting and crystallization processes of ultra-light weight MgLi12,5 alloys recorded with use of ATND methods. Investigated magnesium alloy was produced in Krakow Foundry Research Institute on experimental stand to melting and casting of ultra-light weight alloys. Obtained test results in form of recorded curves from ATND methods have enabled determination of characteristic temperatures of phase transitions of the investigated alloy.
SEGOLS: A LINE-BASED SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING STRATEGY FOR EFFICIENT DESIGN SPACE EXPLORATION AND OPTIMIZATION

Sampling in a physical measurement space is omnipresent in both scientiﬁc studies and engineering applications. An important consideration is the length of the path between consecutively visited samples. A line-based sampling strategy both minimizes the path length and optimizes the sample locations, while maximizing the gain of information. The state of the art on design of experiments envelopes a plethora of explorative line-based sampling techniques that solely focus on exploring the measurement space. None of these techniques consider the measured sample values. However, an exploitation of these values offers the possibility to focus on interesting regions during the sampling process. In this paper, an exploitative line-based sampling technique, called SEGOLS, is proposed that balances exploration of the measurement space and exploitation of the interesting regions. The algorithm is illustrated using a 2D benchmark and an engineering measurement use-case. The results show that SEGOLS offers an improvement over explorative sampling techniques.
A Method of Obtaining Catchment Basins with Contour Lines for Foam Image Segmentation

Abstract: Foam image segmentation, represented by watershed algorithm, is wildly used in the extraction of bubble morphology features. H-minima transformation was proved to be effective in locating the catchment basins in the traditional watershed segmentation method. To further improve the accuracy of watershed segmentation, method of topbottom-cap filters and method of morphological reconstruction were implied to marking the catchment basins. In this paper, instead of H-minima transformation, a method of contour lines is specially proposed to obtain the catchment basins for foam image segmentation by using top-bottom-cap filters and less morphological reconstruction. Experimental results in foam segmentation show that the proposed method is equally accurate but more efficient than the method of H-minima plus morphological reconstruction, and equally efficient but more accurate than the method of H-minima plus top-bottom-cap filters.
MULTIPLE CONCUSSIONS INCREASE SEVERITY OF SLEEP DISTURBANCE

941 Multiple TBI and Insomnia—Bryan INTRODUCTION A traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when brain function disruption occurs secondary to an external force, as indicated by alteration or loss of consciousness, posttraumatic amnesia, neurologic deficits (e.g., dizziness, concentration problems), and/or intracranial lesion, with severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe) determined by the presence and/or duration of each.1 Considered a signature injury of the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts, TBI is an issue of particular concern among military personnel due to increased risk of exposure to concussive injuries secondary to explosions and other military-related accidents (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, falls), with recent estimates suggesting that anywhere from 8-20% of military personnel who have deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan may have sustained a TBI.2 TBI is associated with increased risk for a host of health problems and consequences such as depression, anxiety, irritability, cognitive deficits, and functional impairment among clinical, nonclinical, and military samples.3,4 Sleep disruption is another common consequence of TBI3,4 that might result from trauma-induced physical changes within the brain and/or exacerbation of comorbid conditions such as depression or anxiety. In general, approximately half of individuals with TBI suffer from some sort of sleep disturbance following a TBI, including sleep maintenance, onset insomnia, and early morning awakenings,4-6 and one fourth had a diagnosed sleep disorder.4,7 Interestingly, mild TBI appears to be more strongly correlated with increased likelihood of sleep disturbance than more severe TBIs.5,7,8 The exact reasons for this pattern are not yet known, MULTIPLE CONCUSSIONS INCREASE SEVERITY OF SLEEP DISTURBANCE
Assessment : a field-based tool for estimating the 2 condition of tropical forest 3 4

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Evidence of persistence and multiple genetic modifications of LPAI H7N7 in wild mallards in Poland is supported by phylogenetic studies

Genetic characterization of the whole genome of four avian influenza viruses (AIV) H7N7 isolated in 3 successive winter seasons (2007-2009) from wild mallards in 3 cities in Poland was performed. All of the tested strains were of low pathogenicity and no molecular marker associated with an increased adaptation to poultry, mammals or resistance to antiviral drugs wasfound. a recent almost exactly one year apartand that points to resident of other resident as responsible for the perpetuation of in successive suggest that the virus close but located in different is most by a fact supported a close relatedness between different gene of the selected was seen on the 7 th of January and 7 th of March in the area within a radius of 2 km from the sampling site (observation by W. Meissner). These findings confirm that anindividual carrying A/mallard/Poland/446/09 strain was a resident bird and it reinforces our hypothesis thatresident mallards contribute to the long-term circulation of AIV in the given area between successive winters. We suggest that the NA and NS segments of