Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model tests of a marine diesel engine powered by a fuel-alcohol mixture

The paper presents the results of model and empirical tests conducted for a marine diesel engine fueled by a blend of n-butanol and diesel oil. The research were aimed at assessing the usefulness of the proprietary diesel engine model in conducting research on marine engines powered by alternative fuels to fossil fuels. The authors defined the measures of adequacy. On their basis, they assessed the adequacy of the mathematical model used. The analysis of the results of the conducted research showed that the developed mathematical model is sufficiently adequate. Therefore, both the mathematical model and the computer program based on it will be used in further work on supplying marine engines with mixtures of diesel oil and biocomponents.
MIMO Antenna System with Pattern Diversity for Sub-6 GHz Mobile Phone Applications

A MIMO antenna system is designed and presented for sub-6 GHz mobile phone applications. The proposed antenna design consists of six loop-type radiation elements. From the six elements, four elements are placed at the corners of the mobile phone PCB by following pattern diversity configuration, while the rest of the two elements are placed in the center of the PCB. Furthermore, a 50Ω coaxial connector is utilized to feed the antenna elements. From the presented results, it is demonstrated that the elements placed at the edges are resonating at 2.5 GHz, and the center placed elements provide resonance at 3.5 GHz. Moreover, according to S11 ≤ -6 dB, the impedance bandwidth for both the bands is 790 MHz (2.3-3.09 GHz) and 1.18 GHz (2.99-4.17 GHz), respectively; while for S11 ≤ -10 dB, the impedance bandwidth for both the bands is noted to be 340 MHz (2.38-2.72 GHz) and 650 MHz (3.17–3.84 GHz), respectively. A gain of more than 4 dBi and >85% radiation efficiency are achieved for the single radiation element. The presented antenna design also provides sufficient radiation coverage supporting different sides of the mobile phone PCB. In addition, the effects of the human hand and head on antenna’s performance are studied and it was observed that the proposed antenna system provides acceptable properties in the data mode and talk mode.
Evolutionary history of Massartella (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) suggests ancient vicariant event between biotas of the Pantepui and Atlantic Forest highlands

South America's complex geological and environmental dynamics contributed to the origin of Neotropical biodiversity and shaped the pattern of species distribution on the continent. Massartella Lestage (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae, Atalophlebiinae) is a genus currently composed of five species endemic to South America, with a disjunct distribution, occurring in mountains along the Atlantic Forest and in the Venezuelan Pantepui region. Here, we use Bayesian phylogenetic trees, fossil‐based molecular dating and ancestral range estimation to reconstruct the evolutionary history of Massartella. Results recovered the genus and the Pantepui and Atlantic Forest lineages as reciprocally monophyletic, and suggest that a vicariant event separated populations of the last common ancestor of these clades ca. 66 Ma, between the Middle Cretaceous and the Palaeogene. The diversification processes started at the same time in both lineages, and the reciprocal monophyly of clades indicates no subsequent connections between these areas, or the extinction of intermediates. Mountain biodiversity has the signature of both ancient and recent geoclimatic events and ecological processes that probably were responsible for isolating the Pantepui and Atlantic Forest lineages, as well as the speciation processes within these regions.
Decentralized Resilient Output-Feedback Control Design for Networked Control Systems Under Denial-of-Service

This article deals with the problem of decentralized resilient observer-based output-feedback control design for networked control systems (NCSs). The proposed scheme considers both network imperfections and security issues. It is assumed that the NCS is suffering from time-varying network-induced delays and time-varying transmission intervals. Moreover, data transmission is performed over a nonsecure network that suffers from a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. The DoS jamming attack has affected the network by the occurrence of consecutive packet dropouts, which result in attack-induced packet dropouts. Based on the fact that packet dropouts caused by DoS attacks naturally do not follow a specific statistical pattern, the attack-induced packet dropouts are modeled as an extension of time-varying intervals with no probability distribution. Sufficient conditions are provided to guarantee the uniformly globally exponential stability of the NCS in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method are demonstrated by simulation results.
A novel rule‐based computational strategy for a fast and reliable energy management in isolated microgrids

The Energy Management System (EMS) is a strong need for achieving cost‐effective, reliable, and pollution‐free operation of microgrids operating in isolated areas. Commonly, the EMS approaches use optimization and rolling‐horizon predictions. However, the inclusion of very short‐term predictions increases the complexity of the optimization, compromising its ability and reliability to operate online. In response to this problem, this paper proposes a rule‐based EMS (RB‐EMS) which uses neither optimization nor prediction horizons. Instead, the RB‐EMS evaluates historical data, and very short‐term predictions to calculate the setpoints of distributed energy resources, and schedulable loads in a cost‐effective, reliable, and sustainable manner. As a form of self‐regulation, the RB‐EMS introduces the Reliability Index to calculate the maximum state of charge of the energy storage system. Given the speed imposed by the very short‐term predictions, the RB‐EMS also introduces a start‐up manager for diesel units that present a dead time in their enlistment. The isolated ESUSCON‐HUATACONDO microgrid was used as a testbed for performance validation. The work shows a first scenario comparing the RB‐EMS against a rolling horizon EMS based on MILP optimization. A second scenario shows the energy management performance with 1 minute predictions. The better results obtained, and the computational simplicity of the RB‐EMS allows propose it to achieve faster and more reliable energy management in other isolated microgrids.
Separation Control Using ZNMF Devices: Flow Physics and Scaling Laws

Abstract : The primary goal of this research is to implement a closed-loop control system to control separated flow and to evaluate the performance of the controller. A control system that includes an array of actuators, sensors (pressure sensors or lift/drag balance) and a digital controller is proposed to control flow separation in a closed-loop fashion. The first chapter introduces the flow physics and active control approaches of flow separation. It is organized as follows. First, a brief overview of separation control is provided to orient the reader, followed by the motivation. Than a technical background section is presented to review previous work reported in the literature. Finally, the objectives and technical approaches of this research are presented.
Ultrasound Based Localization and Quantification of Skeletal Muscle Contraction

Earlier experiments indicates that motor unit activity during isometric contractions can be imaged using a high-definition ultrasound scanner. In this study, ultrasound raw-data is analysed in MATLAB to localize and quantify the signal contributions from individual motor units during a muscle twitch. It is believed that imaging of mechanical response of contracting muscles can contribute to a more explicit study of muscle physiology and a more dexterous method for prosthetic control. Two different experiments were executed during this study, one for determining the time delay between ECG electrode and ultrasound response and one for imaging muscle activity during an isometric contraction. Both test setups consisted of a GE-Vingmed Vivid E9 ultrasound scanner and an ML6-15 linear probe, where the scans were executed by using "Strain rate"-mode in the test option "Msc TVI" with a frequency of 15MHz, which resulted in frame rates between 120 and 220, depending on the depth of the scan. To determine the time delay, an ECG electrode was connected to the probe and then submerged in a bucket filled with water and the last two ECG electrodes, where the time delay between the two responses were measured in MATLAB. To image muscle activity in a sequence of ultrasound strain rate images, the probe were placed in a clamped and fixed position over the biceps, giving images perpendicular to muscle fibers. Scans of isometric muscle contractions were recorded, with ECG electrodes placed on each side of the probe to detect associated motor unit action potentials. The measurements of the time delay between EMG and ultrasound response shows that there are an expected time delay between 6.68ms and 15.38ms, depending on the propagation velocity of the motor unit action potentials. This indicates that motor unit activity can be captured in ultrasound strain rate image sequences. Motor unit behaviour in strain rate image sequences can be used for locating individual motor units, but this method struggles to identify overlapping motor units as individual. It was found that PCA for feature extraction in combination with a cluster based classification algorithm would be a more robust and time-saving method for localization of individual motor units.
Nuclear Micro-Engineering Using Tritium

We have been witnessing an unprecedented progress in the arena of MEMS and nanotechnology. By shrinking the size of individual devices and using batch micro-electronics fabrication processes, complex micro/nano-systems with greater functionalities have been integrated on a single chip. The work in this thesis pushes NEMS approach into nuclear engineering. Characterized by long life-time and high power density, radioactive isotopes are appealing power sources for autonomous and very small volume micro-devices. By immobilizing tritium in thin film or on-chip, the multi-functional nature of the nuclear micro-engineering was exploited for a range of applications in betavoltaic, sensing, and on-chip radiators. The objective of this thesis is to explore the miniaturization of these self-powered devices and systems using MEMS and nanotechnology approaches. In this thesis: A contamination-free, CMOS-compatible fabrication technique to integrate monolithically radioactive isotopes on-chip on a micrometer scale has been demonstrated. The application for micro-power generation and sensing are explored. A number of nuclear to electricity energy conversion devices with high-efficiency and excellent longevity have been explored. The embedded on-chip isotope micro-sources have been used to create localized ionization sources for chip-scale gas chromatography sensors and radiators. The extension of micro-engineered radioisotope into MEMS and nanotechnology will generates research opportunities in unattended fields.
An Offline-Merge-Online Robot Teaching Method Based on Natural Human-Robot Interaction and Visual-Aid Algorithm

This article proposes an offline-merge-online robot teaching method (OMORTM). Specifically, a virtual-real fusion interactive interface (VRFII) is first developed by projecting a virtual robot into the real scene with an augmented-reality (AR) device, aiming to implement offline teaching. Second, a visual-aid algorithm (VAA) is proposed to improve offline teaching accuracy. Third, a gesture and speech teaching fusion algorithm (GSTA) with the fingertip tactile force feedback is developed to obtain the natural teaching pattern and improve the interactive accuracy of teaching the real or virtual robot. More specifically, through the VRFII, the operator can use the GSTA and the VAA to teach the virtual robot naturally and safely, and then the real robot reproduces the motion of the virtual robot. Therefore, OMORTM enables the teaching results to be quickly verified while ensuring the operator's safety and avoiding damage to the robot or workpiece. A series of experiments were conducted to validate the practicality and effectiveness of OMORTM. The results show that by effectively combining the offline and online, OMORTMprovides accurate robotic teaching processes, suitable for nonprofessionals.
Power and Thermal Technologies for Air and Space-Scientific Research Program. Delivery Order 0017: Study of Microchip Power Module Materials Using Mini-Channel Heat Exchanger

Abstract : An apparatus to simulate the cooling of a silicon carbide (SiC) metal oxide semiconductor field excited transistor (MOSFET) using a mini-channel heat exchanger with a single phase (liquid) fluid was constructed. The chip was simulated with a sample of SiC that is heated on one surface and cooled on the opposing surface using a mini-channel heat exchanger. One goal of this work was to demonstrate that the apparatus has the capability to remove a heat flux of 100 W/cm2 from the surrogate chip while maintaining its temperature below 200 ? C. A second goal was to characterize the thermal and flow behavior of the mini-channel heat exchanger for different flow rates and heat fluxes by experiments and numerical simulation using computational fluid dynamics. The maximum heat flux removed by the mini-channel heat exchanger was 110 to 117 W/cm2 with a maximum stem temperature of 112 ? C at the interface. The NuD values determined here were in the range of 9 to 23, which agree reasonably well existing with convective heat transfer correlations. For flows up to a ReD of 3600, there was good agreement with the theoretical pressure loss. Lastly, computational fluid dynamics simulations provided insight into the effect of the heated length on NuD estimates and flow and convective heat transfer behavior.
Application of Particle Swarm Optimization in Formulation Design of Pig Feed

Feed formula design is the core technology of accurate feeding management of livestock and poultry. High quality feed formula can not only improve the comprehensive and effective utilization of feed, give full play to the growth performance of animals, but also reduce production costs, so as to improve the economic benefits of farmers. Due to the characteristics of fast convergence speed and strong optimization ability of particle swarm optimization algorithm, this paper adopts particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the pig feed formula, and builds the simulation model of the pig feed formula through Matlab to find the optimal solution for the feed formula. At the same time, compared with the traditional linear programming method, the simulation results show that, compared with the traditional linear programming method, the particle swarm optimization algorithm has better optimization results in solving the feed formulation problem.
Control of radio-frequency characteristics of linear electron accelerator

This paper describes a coupling unit and an input unit for radio-frequency power of a standing-wave linear electron accelerator which allow control of the accelerated current with preservation of optimum electron-acceleration conditions or control of the ouput energy for a fixed accelerated current. The characteristics of the RELUS-3 accelerator after introduction of the control units into its accelerating system are given.
Drug Repositioning Based on the Reversal of Gene Expression Signatures Identifies TOP2A as a Therapeutic Target for Rectal Cancer

Simple Summary Rectal cancer is the 8th most common cancer globally. Most patients with locally advanced rectal cancer receive neoadjuvant therapy based on 5-fluorouracil and radiotherapy showing variable responses. About 70–90% of patients present partial response, while 20% show treatment resistance. Repositioning drugs approved by regulatory agencies or drugs currently in clinical trials is a strategy to accelerate the development of drug-based cancer therapies. We compared rectal cancer gene expression signatures with reverse drug-induced gene-expression profiles of cancer cell lines to identify potential drugs for repositioning. Our analyses revealed that approved topoisomerase II inhibitors are candidate drugs for rectal cancer treatment. We also verified TOP2A copy number gains and increased expression in rectal tumors. These TOP2A alterations were independent predictive markers of topoisomerase inhibitor efficacy in colorectal cancer cells that closely represent rectal cancer signatures. Topoisomerase inhibitors are potentially helpful to treat rectal cancer patients with TOP2A imbalances. Abstract Rectal cancer is a common disease with high mortality rates and limited therapeutic options. Here we combined the gene expression signatures of rectal cancer patients with the reverse drug-induced gene-expression profiles to identify drug repositioning candidates for cancer therapy. Among the predicted repurposable drugs, topoisomerase II inhibitors (doxorubicin, teniposide, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, and epirubicin) presented a high potential to reverse rectal cancer gene expression signatures. We showed that these drugs effectively reduced the growth of colorectal cancer cell lines closely representing rectal cancer signatures. We also found a clear correlation between topoisomerase 2A (TOP2A) gene copy number or expression levels with the sensitivity to topoisomerase II inhibitors. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9 and shRNA screenings confirmed that loss-of-function of the TOP2A has the highest efficacy in reducing cellular proliferation. Finally, we observed significant TOP2A copy number gains and increased expression in independent cohorts of rectal cancer patients. These findings can be translated into clinical practice to evaluate TOP2A status for targeted and personalized therapies based on topoisomerase II inhibitors in rectal cancer patients.
Scaling Robotic Displays: Visual and Multimodal Options for Navigation by Dismounted Soldiers

Abstract : This is the third in a series of experiments designed to investigate how best to scale robot controls and displays for dismounted Soldiers who need smaller and lighter devices. This study investigates the impact of three types of navigation map displays on navigation performance, using Soldiers from the Officer Candidate School (OCS) at Fort Benning, GA. After training to use the TALON Robot system, each Soldier completed navigation exercises using three navigation display configurations: a 6.5 in. split screen display with a driving display on top and a map display on bottom, allowing simultaneous or near simultaneous viewing; a 3.5 in. display in which the Soldier could toggle between the driving and map displays; and a multimodal 3.5 in. display using a tactile belt that transmitted directional information to the Soldier concurrently with the driving camera display (Soldiers could also toggle to the map display to determine TALON's specific location). The terrain, targets, and hazards were counterbalanced to control for the effect of learning. Display configuration and usability for robotic driving were evaluated based on objective performance data, data collector observations, and Soldier questionnaires. Findings indicated that Soldiers navigated equally effectively using the multimodal 3.5 in. and 6.5 in. split screen displays. Their performance with both the multimodal and split screen displays was better than with the 3.5 in. display that required toggling between the driving and map displays.
Sound Art - Synthesis Based on Rhythm and Fea- ture Extraction

This paper presents a software tool that was developed for the transformation of audio signals, be it short sounds or whole songs. This can subsequently be used to synthesize music from audio signal fragments (“Concatenative Sound Synthesis“). It is attempted to use timbre-related features to re-synthesize audio signals. As in a mosaic, an existing song is newly constructed from small parts (“frames”) of other songs already stored in a database. Suitable database frames are found by feature similarity analysis. The length of the frames corresponds to musically meaningful units. For the implementation suitable onset- and beat tracking methods are evaluated. The selection of suitable parameters describing the subjective semantic similarities is determined by listening tests.
Real-time Animal Detection System for Intelligent Vehicles

Animal and Vehicle Collisions (AVCs) have been a growing concern in North America since the abundant wildlife resources and increases of automobiles. Such problems cause hundreds of people deaths, thousands of human injuries, billions of dollars in property damage and countless of wildlife deaths every year. To address these challenges, smart cars have to be equipped with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) able to detect dangerous animals (e.g., moose, elk and cow), which cross the road, and warn the driver about the imminent accident. In this thesis, we explore the performance of different image features and classification algorithms in animal detection application, and design a real-time animal detection system following three criteria: detection accuracy, detection time and system energy consumption. In order to pursue high detection rate but low time and energy consumption, a double-stage detection system is proposed. In the first stage, we use the LBP adopting AdaBoost algorithm which provides the next stage by a set of region of interests containing target animals and other false positive targets. Afterward, the second stage rejects the false positive ROIs by two HOG-SVM based sub-classifiers. To build and evaluate the animal detector, we create our own database, which will be updated by adding new samples. Through an extensive set of evaluations, we note that the double-stage system is able to detect about 85% of target animals.
Combined Deep Learning and SOR Detection Technique for High Reliability in Massive MIMO Systems

In this paper, a novel iterative detection technique that combines deep learning (DL) and the approximated algorithm of successive over relaxation (SOR) is proposed to achieve high reliability and reduce the computational complexity. Recently, as the demanded data rates increase, the massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system has drawn attention in wireless communication. In massive MIMO, the implementation of traditional detectors for high reliability has become impractical, and the reduction for the complexity of detectors has emerged as a practical implementation challenge. The existing DL-based detection technique of orthogonal approximate message passing network (OAMPNet) can provide high detection performance. However, the computational complexity is too high for the implementation in massive MIMO systems. The proposed detection technique uses SOR algorithm to reduce the computational complexity, and the relaxation parameter of SOR is adaptively determined by a learning algorithm. A non-linear estimator using the DL algorithm is combined with the SOR algorithm to achieve high reliability, and regardless of the size of the MIMO system, only the size of the DL architecture determines the complexity of the non-linear estimator. Simulation results show that the proposed detector outperforms the conventional linear detector based on minimum mean square error (MMSE) and achieves high reliability with lower complexity than OAMPNet in various channel environments with spatial correlation.