Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Secure Data Transport Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensor nodes may be deployed in hostile environments, and the sensed data is sent to the destination along the routing path, if a forwarding node in the routing path is compromised by the adversary, the data can not arrive at the destination. There are many studies on detection of malicious or compromised node, and remove the compromised nodes form the routing path, but, efficient, reliable, and secure broadcast are the major problems of the schemes. In this paper, we propose a novel secure data transport scheme for wireless sensor networks. The proposed scheme divide the secure data into n shares pair using Asmuth-Bloom threshold secret sharing scheme, and forwarded the n shares pair along the multi-path to the base station, the base station only receives k distinct shares pair from the n shares pair, he can obtain the secure data. The proposed protocol can resist selective forwarding attack, false data injection attack, replay attack, and even if there are compromised nodes in some routing paths, the base station can still get the correct secure data without removing the compromised nodes from the routing paths.
Modeling the influence of the transistor gain ratio and the input-to-output coupling capacitance on the CMOS inverter delay

An improved model for the ramp response of a CMOS inverter has been derived where the influences of the short-circuit current and the input-to-output coupling capacitance are considered. These effects modify the ideal linear relationship between the inverter propagation delay and the input ramp rise/fall time by adding a term proportional to the charge supplied by the short-circuiting transistor. This term is shown to contain first- and second-order contributions of the input ramp rise/fall time where the second-order contribution effectively models the propagation delay roll-off for slow input ramps. Both the first and the second-order effects are found to be affected by the P-to-N-channel gain ratio. The model shows excellent agreement with SPICE level 3 simulations; even when the short-circuiting transistor has a driving capability twice that of the charging/discharging transistor the error in the propagation delay is only about 2% for a slow input ramp (input-to-output slope-ratio at V/sub DD//2 equal to 1:2). >
Doing Science: Preparing a poster

### Doing Science: a Juniors' ‘How to…’ Series Starting a scientific career means learning a wide range of new skills. Often you do them as best you can and try to learn in a trial and error basis how to do better next time. This “Doing Science” section is a joint initiative of Breathe and the ERS Junior Members' Committee (JMC) and will address common tasks that scientists and clinicians are faced with early in their careers. The topics we will cover ( e.g. poster presentation, chairing sessions, reviewing papers, etc .) are not exclusive to Junior Members but are often relevant to members of all levels of academic experience; so, we hope that there may be something here for everyone. So, your abstract was accepted for a poster session? Great! Or had you hoped for an oral presentation? Poster sessions offer some unique opportunities to present your work and should not be regarded as a “second-rate format” during meetings and congresses. Poster discussions have sparked many research ideas, collaborations and job opportunities that would have never occurred in an oral presentation setting. Having a good poster is the key to success [1]. We have therefore compiled some tips that can help you present your work more effectively. In contrast to scientific …
Transforming Facial Images in 2 and 3-D

We review image processing techniques for manipulating 2-D representations of facial images and show their potential for extension to 3-D. Techniques for the manipulation of 2-D images include those used for: (i) averaging images of different faces to form facial ‘prototypes’, (ii) automated caricature exaggeration of the way an individual face differs in shape and colour from a prototype and (iii) transformations manipulating perceived facial qualities while maintaining information about identity (e.g. modifying the apparent sex or age of a face). Each technique relies on 160 feature landmarks allocated to the original 2-D images (e.g. centre of left eye, tip of nose). These landmarks can also be found in the 3-D colour and depth maps obtained from Cyber-scans. Using 2-D image warping techniques to align colour and depth maps from different faces allows prototypes and caricatures and may similarly allow transformations of faces to be performed in 3-D.
Algorithm of Surveillance Video Synopsis Based on Objects

After background modeling and segmenting of moving object for surveillance video, this paper firstly presented a noninteractive matting algorithm of video moving object based on GrabCut. These matted moving objects then were placed in a background image on the condition of nonoverlapping arrangement, so a frame could be obtained with several moving objects placed in a background image. Finally, a series of these frame images could be achieved in timeline and a single camera surveillance video synopsis could be formed. The experimental results show that this video synopsis has the features of conciseness and readable concentrated form and the efficiency of browsing and retrieval can be improved.
Toward the automatic pose computation via registration: new results on computing edges using FPGAs

This work presents the results of implementing the first stages of the process of registration in FPGA's. The main motivation is to initialize the pose of objects in movement as quickly as possible. We present the summary of the algorithm and its performance on a PC running Linux. Later we give details for such the implementation on FPGA's of edge detection and features extraction.
A convergence index filter for vector fields and its application to medical image processing

It often happens in medical image processing that shadows with very weak contrast must be handled. When an ordinary difference filter is applied, shadows with a strong contrast other than the target shadow give a disturbance signal, making it difficult to extract the desired region embedded in the disturbance-producing shadows. This paper notes the directions of the gradient vector in the image and discusses a filter which can detect objects with high sensitivity based on the direction distribution. In this paper, the convergence index of the vector is generally defined, and a general expression for the convergence index filter which can be applied to both 2D and 3D images is presented. Specifically, the iris filter and the line convergence index filter are considered, and their responses are analyzed, together with their relations. An application to the actual medical image is presented, demonstrating the effectiveness of the idea. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(6): 34–46, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20247
SPACES FOR LEARNERS AND LEARNING: EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY-RICH LEARNING SPACES

This article discusses the utility of evaluating technology-rich learning spaces, exploring approaches and tools from a practitioner perspective. It provides a brief introduction to the concept of ‘technology-rich learning spaces’ and explores approaches to evaluation, suggesting a framework with specific case studies to illustrate the varying approaches to evaluating innovative space design in higher education institutions. The role of learners in the evaluation methodology, and the importance of institutional context, will be explored to highlight whether impact can effectively be assessed. The authors conclude that rigorous evaluation studies must be underpinned by sound theoretical frameworks in order to understand the complexities of the student experience in blended learning environments.
Analysis and evaluation of some image compression techniques

On the basis of evaluating and analyzing the current applied image compression techniques in China such as the discrete cosine transformation, fractal compression and wavelet transformation etc. to counter their shortcomings, the paper puts forward a new algorithm (number theory transformation, taking number theory as its theoretical foundation). It does not need to store the fundamental functions and its algorithm can be realized by using shift operation without rounding errors. Therefore it can be forecasted that the number theory transformation will have a bigger compression ratio and a higher decompression precision and will increase the velocity of the decompression and compression. This algorithm is well worth developing and researching as an image compression technique.
An introduction to panospheric imaging

A general imaging technology which is able to capture and present substantially spherical fields of view has been developed, and a new discipline known as panospheric imaging (PI) has been recognised. PI is a technology which allows a substantially spherical field-of-view to be captured, digitally processed, and presented to an observer in the form of a fully immersive spherical perspective image, in both still and full motion video formats. This technology greatly simplifies the process of acquiring and presenting panoramic and immersive still images, and offers for the first time a practical technology for true panoramic and panospheric full motion video. PI has become feasible because of a number of separate advances, including the development of appropriate optics, the emergence of a general digital image remapping capability able to correct even severely distorted images, and the availability of wide angle virtual reality (VR) headsets with head orientation sensing, which provide an appropriate device for viewing such images.
Movies for the Visualization of MCMC Output

Past work on visualization methods for Markov chain Monte Carlo analyses leaves many open questions. Particular difficulties arise when the researcher wishes to monitor several aspects of the chain's behavior jointly. We propose a movie, which is an extension of the basic trace plot used for a single parameter, as a dynamic way of assessing the progress of a chain and monitoring the joint posterior distribution. This idea is demonstrated on several examples, including a multiple changepoint problem with data from a corbelled tomb (tholos) in Stylos, Crete.
Students’ use of asynchronous discussions for academic discourse socialization

Our universities are becoming increasingly diverse at the same time as online asynchronous discussions (OADs) are emerging as the most important forum for computer mediated communication (CMC) in distance education. But there is shortage of studies that explore how graduate students from different ethnic, linguistic and cultural backgrounds use OADs for academic discourse socialization. This article discusses a qualitative study conducted to address these issues. Language socialization and community of practice theories informed the study. Analyses of surveys, interviews, and Blackboard postings from seven hybrid courses reveal that participants perceived OADs highly positively and used them as a virtual community for academic and professional discourse socialization and appropriation. Findings also suggest that students experienced some frustrations and disappointments regarding professorial presence and grading. We discuss these findings, show how academic and professional discourse socialization occurs in asynchronous virtual reality, and draw implications for further research and practice.
The Development and Validation of the Interprofessional Attitudes Scale: Assessing the Interprofessional Attitudes of Students in the Health Professions

Purpose No validated tools assess all four competency domains described in the 2011 report Core Competencies for Interprofessional Collaborative Practice (IPEC Report). The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a tool based on the IPEC Report core competency domains that assesses the interprofessional attitudes of students in the health professions. Method In 2012, an interprofessional team of students and two of the authors developed and administered a survey to students from four colleges and schools at the University of Utah Health Sciences Center (Health, Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy). The authors randomly split the responses with complete data into two independent subsets: one for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the other for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). They performed these analyses to validate the tool, eliminate redundant questions, and identify subscales. Their analyses focused on aligning tool subscales with the IPEC Report core competencies and demonstrating good construct validity and internal consistency reliability. Results Of 1,549 students invited, 701 (45.3%) responded. The EFA produced a 27-item scale, with five subscales: teamwork, roles, and responsibilities; patient-centeredness; interprofessional biases; diversity and ethics; and community-centeredness (Cronbach alpha coefficients: 0.62 to 0.92). The CFA indicated that the content of the five subscales was consistent with the EFA model. Conclusions The Interprofessional Attitudes Scale (IPAS) is a novel tool that, compared with previous assessment instruments, better reflects current thinking about interprofessional competencies. IPAS should prove useful to health sciences institutions committed to training students to work collaboratively in interprofessional teams.
Human Body Detection in Static Images Using HOG & Piecewise Linear SVM

Human detection is a challenging task in many fields because it is difficult to detect humans due to their variable appearance and posture. Detecting humans accurately is the first fundamental step for many computer vision applications such as video surveillance, smart vehicles, intersection traffic analysis and so on. This paper consists of efficient human detection in static images using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) for local feature extraction and linear piecewise support vector machine (PL-SVM) classifiers. Histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) gives an accurate description of the contour of human body. HOG features are calculated by taking orientation of histogram of edge intensity in a local region. PL-SVM is nonlinear classifier that can discriminate multiview and multiposture human bodies from the images in high dimensional feature space. Each PL-SVM model form the subspace, corresponding to the cluster of special view or posture of human. This paper consists of comparison of PL-SVM and several recent SVM methods in terms of cross validation accuracy.
Clinical Implications of an Augmentative and Alternative Communication Taxonomy

This article offers a taxonomy of certain augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system components that can provide a framework for clinical decisions and choices related to AAC and form a basis for the development of a theory of AAC communication. A flowchart has been developed based on the proposed taxonomy for clinical decision making in the selection and use of indexes, icons, and symbols as part of an AAC system. The scope, goals, interrelationships, and developmental processes of indexes, icons, and symbols are discussed in the context of developing efficient and productive AAC systems.
Probing analysis of closed components

Software is increasingly being built through the composition of exisiting components, such as web services, where access to the source code, and in some cases even the executable code, is unavailable. The users of these components must rely on the existing documentation of the component to understand how the component should be used. However, this documentation is often imprecise or incomplete (when generated automatically via static analysis) or does not match the current version of the service (when maintained manually). Additionally, users of closed components have no control over the delivered quality of the component, and currently rely of the developers' claims or ad-hoc testing to assess the quality of the component. In this work, we present probing analysis, a new analysis technique designed specifically to address these issues for closed components. Probing analysis is a black-box dynamic analysis technique that probes a component by generating inputs for the component, executing the component on those inputs, and analyzing the inputs and outputs to infer properties that describe some aspect of the behavior of the component. We present a formal definition of probing analysis that can be used to guide the development of probing analysis techniques. We then develop a probing analysis methodology for web applications and web services called WebAppSleuth. We have implemented versions of WebAppSleuth for web applications and for web services. We apply these versions to six production web applications and two commercial web services. WebAppSleuth was able to accurately and quickly infer properties for the six web application and found anomalous behavior in four of the web applications. Additionally WebAppSleuth was able to find several ways that the two web services could be improved. These results suggest that probing analysis is a useful new technique for analyzing the behavior of software components and the provided definition of probing analysis provides a framework for the development of new probing analysis techniques.
Techniques for Refreshing Images in Web Documents

In this paper, we put forward a technique for keeping web pages up-to-date, later used by search engine to serve the end user queries. A major part of the Web is dynamic and hence, a need arises to constantly update the changed web documents in search engine’s repository. In this paper we used the client-server architecture for crawling the web and propose a technique for detecting changes in web page based on the content of the images present if any in web documents. Once it is being identified that the image embedded in the web document is changed then the previous copy of the web document present in the search engine’s database/repository is replaced with the changed one.
FORECASTING NEW PRODUCT SALES

This paper tests the accuracy of using Linear regression, Logistics regression, and Bass curves in selected new product rollouts, based on sales data. The selected new products come from the electronics and electrical engineering and information and communications technology industries. The eight selected products are: electronic switchgear, electric motors, supervisory control and data acquisition systems, programmable logic controllers, cell phones, wireless modules, routers, and antennas. We compare the Linear regression, Logistics regression and Bass curves with respect to forecasting using analysis of variance. The accuracy of these three curves is studied and conclusions are drawn. We use an expert panel to compare the different curves and provide lessons for managers to improve forecasting new product sales. In addition, comparison between the two industries is drawn, and areas for further research are indicated. OPSOMMING Hierdie artikel toets die akkuraatheid van die gebruik van lineere regressie, logistiese regressie en Bass-krommes by die bekendstelling van nuwe produkte gebaseer op verkoopsdata. Die geselekteerde nuwe produkte is uit die elektriese en elektroniese asook informasietegnologie- en kommunikasie bedrywe. Lineere regressie, logistiese regressie en Bass-krommes word vergelyk ten opsigte van vooruitskatting deur variansie te ontleed. Die akkuraatheid word ontleed en gevolgtrekkings gemaak. Die doel is om vooruitskatting van nuwe produkverkope te verbeter.
Applying fuzzy stochastic programming for multi-product multi-time period production planning

This paper presents an integration of fuzzily imprecise and probabilistically uncertain data in multi-time period production planning problem. We consider fluctuation of demands and resources by a fuzzy stochastic approach due to incomplete and/or unavailable information. A mathematical programming model that incorporates these aspects of uncertainty with grading products based on different qualities is developed to maximize total profit, considering total costs includes cost of production, outsourcing, labor, and holding, with subject to constraints associated with customer satisfaction, demand, and holding inventory. We also extend a new approach of defuzzifying and derandomizing methods by measuring the superiority and inferiority of the fuzzy stochastic variables when the model has fuzzy stochastic parameters both in the constraints and in the objective function. To illustrate the behavior of the proposed model and verify the performance of the developed fuzzy stochastic-based approach, we introduce a number of numerical examples to explain the use of the foregoing approach. Consequently, the results obtained are reported and discussed.
RPcalc User's Guide (version 2.2)

This computer program will compare an environmental data set with a fixed regulatory standard. This program was developed to assist permit writers when conducting a "reasonable potential" analysis for ocean discharges in accordance with the California Ocean Plan (SWRCB 2001). More details on this procedure may be found in Issue 1 of the Final Functional Equivalent Document of the Water Quality Control Plan for Ocean Waters of California (SWRCB 2005).
Recognition of Vocabulary in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Comparison of Two Speech Coding Schemes

The effects of speech ability (speaking versus non-speaking) and type of AAC presentation scheme (static versus dynamic) on vocabulary recognition were examined for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy using an extensive test-with-feedback procedure. Participants initially made fewer errors on the static scheme than on the dynamic scheme, primarily because of the low noun error rates associated with the static scheme. Error rates for presentation schemes became equivalent by the third trial and by the eighth trial, performance was better for the dynamic scheme. The primary cause of errors on the dynamic display was found to be difficulty in recognizing each target's category. On the static display, participants had difficulty recognizing word-icons and correct part-of-speech. These results indicate that unique difficulties in vocabulary recognition arise for each presentation scheme. Additionally, individual differences affected performance across presentation schemes, instead of differentially affecting them. Specific training implications are discussed.
Depth enhanced and content aware video stabilization

We propose a system that uses depth information for video stabilization. The system uses 2D-homographies as frame pair transforms that are estimated with keypoints at the depth of interest. This makes the estimation more robust as the points lie on a plane. The depth of interest can be determined automatically from the depth histogram, inferred from user input such as tap-to-focus, or selected by the user; i.e., tap-to-stabilize. The proposed system can stabilize videos on the fly in a single pass and is especially suited for mobile phones with multiple cameras that can compute depth maps automatically during image acquisition.
Ubi Displays: A Toolkit for the Rapid Creation of Interactive Projected Displays

this demonstration we present Ubi Displays: an open source toolkit designed to simplify and expedite the process of creating media-rich interactive projected displays. Our toolkit enables users of web technologies and commodity hardware to quickly create applications that previously would have taken substantial development effort by skilled programmers. By reducing the required skills, development time, and the costs of tools and hardware we hope to encourage people from a diverse set of communities (e.g. designers and hobbyists) to engage with pervasive displays and explore the different kinds of impact and interaction they can support. This demonstration covers the key features of Ubi Displays and highlights a selection of real-world case studies that illustrate how the toolkit can be used.