Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reaching the peak of the quasar spectral energy distribution – II. Exploring the accretion disc, dusty torus and host galaxy

We continue our study of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 11 active galactic nuclei (AGN) at 1.5 < z < 2.2, with optical–near-infrared (NIR) spectra, X-ray data and mid-IR photometry. In a previous paper, we presented the observations and models; in this paper, we explore the parameter space of these models. We first quantify uncertainties on the black hole (BH) masses (MBH) and degeneracies between SED parameters. The effect of BH spin is tested, and we find that while low-to-moderate spin values (a* ≤ 0.9) are compatible with the data in all cases, maximal spin (a* = 0.998) can only describe the data if the accretion disc is face-on. The outer accretion disc radii are well constrained in 8/11 objects and are found to be a factor ∼5 smaller than the self-gravity radii. We then extend our modelling campaign into the mid-IR regime with Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer photometry, adding components for the host galaxy and dusty torus. Our estimates of the host galaxy luminosities are consistent with the MBH–bulge relationship, and the measured torus properties (covering factor and temperature) are in agreement with earlier work, suggesting a predominantly silicate-based grain composition. Finally, we deconvolve the optical–NIR spectra using our SED continuum model. We claim that this is a more physically motivated approach than using empirical descriptions of the continuum such as broken power laws. For our small sample, we verify previously noted correlations between emission linewidths and luminosities commonly used for single-epoch MBH estimates, and observe a statistically significant anticorrelation between [O III] equivalent width and AGN luminosity.
Distributive Justice for Volunteers: Extrinsic Outcome Distribution Matters

Volunteer organizations continue to suffer from turnover, evidenced by the lowest volunteer rate since 2002 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013). Distributive justice, satisfaction, and extrinsic outcome importance were examined as influences of volunteer intention to quit. Survey results from 294 volunteers revealed that those who perceived less than fair distribution of extrinsic outcomes experienced heightened intention to quit compared to those who perceived fair distribution. Overall satisfaction partially mediated this relationship. We explored the potential moderating role of volunteer assessment of the importance of extrinsic outcomes on the overall mediated relationship.
MERIS-based Forel-Ule classification

MERIS-based ocean colour classification with the discrete Forel–Ule scale M. R. Wernand, A. Hommersom, and H. J. van der Woerd Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Physical Oceanography, Marine Optics & Remote Sensing, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Cognitive and affective components of empathy and their relationship with personality dimensions in a Chinese sample

Empathy is an essential component of social interactions and may be related to personality characteristics. However, this issue has not been extensively examined in a Chinese sample. Students at six universities in China (N=257) completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Using multiple regression analyses, and after accounting for demographic variables (sex and age), it was found that the affective empathy component Personal Distress positively predicted EPQ-R Neuroticism scores (=.49), negatively predicted Extraversion (=-.21) and Lie scale scores (=-.22), and positively predicted DASS-21 Depression (=.26), Anxiety (=.34) and Stress scores (=.39). Empathic Concern positively predicted Lie Scale scores (=.21), and negatively predicted Psychoticism scores (=-.24). Individuals with high scores in Empathic Concern were also found to score more highly on Fantasy, Personal Distress, Neuroticism, Stress and Anxiety. Thus, more empathic individuals are likely to experience elevations in negative affectivity when they perceive the emotional suffering of others.
Comparative Analysis of Stemming Algorithms for Web Text Mining

As the massive data is increasing exponentially on web and information retrieval systems and the data retrieval has now become challenging. Stemming is used to produce meaningful terms by stemming characters which finally result in accurate and most relevant results. The core purpose of stemming algorithm is to get useful terms and to reduce grammatical forms in morphological structure of some language. This paper describes the different types of stemming algorithms which work differently in different types of corpus and explains the comparative study of stemming algorithms on the basis of stem production, efficiency and effectiveness in information retrieval systems.
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Performance of Matrix Coil Wire Inserts using CFD

The present work shows the results obtained from experimental investigations of the augmentation of turbulent flow heat transfer in a horizontal tube by means of Matrix coil wire inserts with air as the working fluid. Experiments were carried out for plain tube with/without Matrix coil wire insert at constant wall heat flux and different mass flow rates. The Matrix coil wire inserts are of same pitch but three different density of 8, 10, 12 no of turns per pitch and different material. The Reynolds number varied from 6000 to 13000. Both heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop are calculated and the results are compared with those of plain tube. It was found that the enhancement of heat transfer with Matrix coil wire inserts as compared to plain tube varied from 42% to 179 % for various inserts.
Peer-created motivational climate.

Learning Objectives On completion of this chapter, the reader should have 1. understanding of the importance of studying perceptions of the peer motivational climate in youth sport; 2. knowledge of how young athletes perceive different facets of the peer motivational climate; 3. capacity to describe the relationship of different dimensions of the peer motivational climate to young athletes’ motivational indices; 4. awareness of future research directions that aim to enhance our understanding of the antecedents and consequences of the peer motivational climate; and 5. knowledge of appropriate guidelines for building a task-involving peer motivational climate.
Probability-Sampling Approach to Editing

Editing for measurement errors is always part of data processing. In traditional editing, all data records are checked for errors and inconsistencies. In a new way of editing, only the subset with the most important erroneous responses is considered for editing. This approach is applied in selective editing procedures, which have been shown to save resources considerably. However, selective editing lacks a probabilistic basis and the properties of estimators cannot be established using standard methods. In particular, bias properties of the estimator are unknown except for level estimates based on historical data. This paper proposes combining selective editing with an editing procedure based on the traditional probability-sampling framework. The variance of a bias-corrected Horvitz-Thompson estimator is derived and a variance estimator is proposed. The results of a simulation study support the use of the combined editing procedure.
Neuro-anatomical correlates of neuropsychological and psychopathological domains in first ephisode

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Illuminance (lm M -2 ) of Compact 20W-HCFL Tube

It has found that the study on the FL tubes has made with the deliberately modified Ulbricht Spheres for the determination of the luminous efficiency (lm W) that uses in the study on the colorimetry and that invalidates the study on the light sources. The study on the light sources should make with either illuminance (lm m-2), or luminance (cd m-2) and irradiance (W m-2). The rooms in the house should be illuminated with the daytime scenery with the slightly overcastting sky (330 lm m-2) that human eyes adjust for 5 million years. The illuminance (lm m-2) of the commercial compact-20W-HCFL tubes, which have selected from the stores, has determined with the corrected Ulbricht Sphere. The selection criterion is the temperature of the positive column above 60oC of the lighted FL tubes. The examined compact 20W-HCFL tubes have the illuminance (5700 ± 300 lm m-2). Two compact 20W-HCFL tubes that set in a large opaque plastic cover comfortably illuminate the 30 m2 with the 380 lm m-2. The determined W does not involve in the generation energy of the lights in the FL tubes. The reduction of the Wact of the external AC driving circuits remains for a future study.
Chemoprofiling of Anthocyanins from Berberis lycium Royle and its Screening for Bioactivity

Berberis lycium Royle (Kasmal) belongs to Berberidaceae family which has a small edible purple berry, wildly grown in Himalaya. The berry contains high amounts of anthocyanin pigments. Anthocyanins were characterised by HPLC coupled to a photodiode array (PDA) and mass spectrophotometer (MS) detectors. Seven anthocyanins were identified in the purified extract of berberis berry. Two anthocyanins delphinidin-3-glucoside (43%) and cyanidin-3glucoside (39.6%) were characerised as major components. Five minor anthocyanins were cyanidin-3,5-dihexoside (4.02%), malvidin-3,5-dihexoside (3.64%), pelargonidin-3-rutinoside (1.84%), peonidin-3-rutinoside (1.65%) and pelargonidin-hexoside (1.54%). Apart from anthocyanins, six phenolics were also identified as chlorogenic acid, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid and quercetin. Antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH assay revealed IC50 value of anthocyanin was 25.3 g ml -1 . FRAP and CUPRAC assay also gave significant antioxidant activity. MTT assay gave the absorbance of 0.53 at 250 g ml -1 .
Tree growth, mortality and recruitment in four tropical wet evergreen forest sites of the Kolli hills, eastern ghats, India

Patterns of tree growth, mortality and recruitment in four permanent plots of tropical wet evergreen forest in Kolli hills of the eastern ghats, India, were investigated between 1996 and 1999. Permanent tree plots of 2 ha (200 m x 100 m) were established in four evergreen forest sites- Perumakkai shola (PS), Vengodai shola (VS), Kuzhivalavu shola (KS) and Mottukadu shola (MS) along an elevational and disturbance gradient. A total of 3814 trees ≥30 cm girth at breast height from 78 species and 36 families were enumerated. There was no change in species richness during the study period. Mean stand basal area increased by 4.1 %. Basal area increment was maximum in the highly disturbed site MS and minimum in the relatively undisturbed site PS (11.6% and 1.7% respectively). Range of growth variation in species increased with forest disturbance and conspecifics exhibited variation within and across sites. Mortality was independent of tree size. Mortality rates exceeded recruitment rates and the stand turnover time was calculated to be 136 years.
Sampling the sensitivity of climate models

The sensitivity of climate models in particular, and nonlinear models in general, is a topic of great interest. Quantifying this sensitivity by brute force numerical exploration is often computationally untractable due to the large number of parameters involved, and it is widely hoped that a small number of `effective parameters' (linear combinations of the physical parameters) may dominate the model response and hence ease the task of sensitivity analysis. A new method for identifying this `effective dimension' of the model response is introduced and applied to two simple models. General issues of identifying the response are discussed. No low dimensional response is found in the more complex model considered.
Gravito-inertial and pressure modes detected in the B3 IV CoRoT target HD 43317

Context. OB stars are important building blocks of the Universe, but we have only a limited sample of them well understood enough from an asteroseismological point of view to provide feedback on the current evolutionary models. Our study adds one special case to this sample, with more observational constraints than for most of these stars. Aims. Our goal is to analyse and interpret the pulsational behaviour of the B3 IV star HD 43317 using the CoRoT light curve along with the ground-based spectroscopy gathered by the HARPS instrument. This way we continue our efforts to map the βCep and SPB instability strips. Methods. We used different techniques to reveal the abundances and fundamental stellar parameters from the newly-obtained highresolution spectra. We used various time-series analysis tools to explore the nature of variations present in the light curve. We calculated the moments and used the pixel-by-pixel method to look for line profile variations in the high-resolution spectra. Results. We find that HD 43317 is a single fast rotator (vrot ≈ 50% vcrit) and hybrid SPB/βCep-type pulsator with Solar metal abundances. We interpret the variations in photometry and spectroscopy as a result of rotational modulation connected to surface inhomogeneities, combined with the presence of both g and p mode pulsations. We detect a series of ten consecutive frequencies with an almost constant period spacing of 6339 s as well as a second shorter sequence consisting of seven frequencies with a spacing of 6380 s. The dominant frequencies fall in the regime of gravito-inertial modes.
WPSS: watching people security services

To improve security, the number of surveillance cameras is rapidly increasing. However, the number of human operators remains limited and only a selection of the video streams are observed. Intelligent software services can help to find people quickly, evaluate their behavior and show the most relevant and deviant patterns. We present a software platform that contributes to the retrieval and observation of humans and to the analysis of their behavior. The platform consists of mono- and stereo-camera tracking, re-identification, behavioral feature computation, track analysis, behavior interpretation and visualization. This system is demonstrated in a busy shopping mall with multiple cameras and different lighting conditions.
A New Class of Nonseparable Space-time Covariance Models

The aim of this work is to construct nonseparable, stationary covariance functions for processes that vary continuously in space and time. Stochastic modeling of phenomena over space and time is important in many areas of applications such as environmental sciences, agriculture and meteorology. But choice of an appropriate model can be difficult as one must take care to use valid covariance structures. A common choice for the process is a product of purely spatial and temporal random processes. In this case, the resulting process possesses a separable covariance function. Although these models are guaranteed to be valid, they are severely limited, since they do not allow space-time interactions. In this work we propose a general and flexible way of constructing valid nonseparable covariance functions derived through mixing over separable covariance functions. The proposed model allows for different degrees of smoothness across space and time and long-range dependence in time. Moreover, our proposal has as particular cases several covariance models proposed in the literature such as the Matérn and the Cauchy Class. We use a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler for Bayesian inference and apply our modeling approach to the Irish wind data.
The Effects of Two Inoculants Applied to Forage Sorghum at Ensiling on Silage Characteristics

Whole forage sorghum (saccharatum) cultivar FS5 was harvested at the soft dough (303±9 g kg -1 DM) stage of maturity. The sorghum was chopped into approximately 20 mm pieces and ensiled under laboratory conditions in 1.5 L Weck glass jars. At ensiling, it was treated with two commercial silage inoculants: Pioneer 1188 (Inoculant A) and Eco-corn (Inoculant B). The inoculant A and B was applied at ca 2×10 5 or 2×10 4 colony forming units g -1 DM. , respectively. Silage with no additives served as a control. Three jars per treatment were opened on days 2, 4, 8, 15 and 60 post-ensiling to study fermentation dynamics. After 60 days of ensiling the silages were analyzed and subjected to an aerobic stability test lasting 5 days. Results showed that both inoculants caused a more rapid rate of pH decrease and a higher amount of lactic acid production. All the silages were well preserved and were stable upon exposure to air. Inoculants did not influence (p>0.05) the ash and total N contents, but tended to reduce acetic acid (p<0.05), butyric acid (p<0.01) and propionic acid (p<0.01) contents, and to increase the lactic acid content (p<0.01). The lower DM content of silages treated with Inoculant A agrees with the greater gas loss resulting from the DM loss, which was in good agreement with the higher yeast counts upon aerobic exposure. Silage treated with inoculant B had the highest DM (p<0.05) and lactic acid contents (p<0.01), and the lowest acetic acid content (p<0.05), which agrees with the rapid reduction of pH and smaller gas loss. Inoculant B reduced the ADF (p<0.01), ADL and NDF (p<0.05) contents, which also indicates smaller losses of organic soluble material. The control silages contained the highest levels of volatile fatty acids but no lactic acid, indicating secondary fermentation. It was concluded that both inoculants may improve the fermentation process, since silages from all treatments were stable upon aerobic exposure, noadvantage could be attributed to any of the inoculants used. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 2 : 218-221)
Emended Descriptions of Lactobacillus sake (Katagiri, Kitahara, and Fukami) and Lactobacillus curvatus (Abo-Elnaga and Kandler): Numerical Classification Revealed by Protein Figerprinting and Identification Based on Biochemical Patterns and DNA-DNA Hybridizations

A former subgenus of the genus Lactobacillus, “Streptobacterium,” comprises a wide range of species, including the so-called “atypical streptobacteria,” which includes the Lactobacillus sake-Lactobacillus curvatus group. Various identification systems and differentiation criteria for L. sake and L. curvatus have been described previously and are well established. The phenotypic diversity within these two species was the reason for comparing phenotypic variations with DNA homology data. Previously described biotypes of L. sake (Katagiri, Kitahara, and Fukami) and L. curvatus (Abo-Elnaga and Kandler) were the basis for selecting strains. Strains of all known biotypes of these species were examined to determine their biochemical reactions, their physiological growth characteristics, their total soluble protein contents as determined by a pattern analysis in which native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with colloidal Coomassie blue and silver diamine stainine were used, and their levels of DNA homology as determined by DNA-DNA hybridization experiments. All of the phenotypic analyses revealed a diversity within the taxa, whereas the DNA-DNA hybridization analysis revealed that the level of genomic homogeneity within each species was relatively high. The phenotypic diversity and genomic homogeneity which we observed allowed us to describe subgroups of L. sake and L. curvatus. The descriptions of L. sake and L. curvatus are emended accordingly. These subgroups which we describe may be the basis for defining subspecies within these two species.
Influence of match location in the spanish Copa del Rey

espanolEsta investigacion estudia la ventaja de jugar en casa eliminatorias de ida y vuelta en futbol. Fueron analizadas eliminatorias de octavos de final, cuartos de final y semifinales de la Copa del Rey desde 1940-41 hasta 2013-14, sumando un total 2056 partidos y 1028 eliminatorias. Se aplico un contraste no parametrico binomial para conocer la influencia de jugar en casa, mientras que una regresion logistica binaria fue empleada para conocer la proporcion explicativa de los goles al pasar la eliminatoria tras el primer enfrentamiento. Los resultados confirmaron diferencias significativas entre jugar como local o visitante (localizacion) en el primer o segundo partido de la eliminatoria. Aprender a gestionar el margen de goles segun localizacion con posibles consecuencias sobre la seleccion del modelo mas apropiado de juego, entre otras, sugieren de la especificidad de este modelo de competicion. Estos resultados pueden ayudar a preparadores para conseguir un diseno de tareas mas ecologico con la situacion real de los partidos. EnglishThis research studies second leg home advantage in football. Spanish Copa del Rey football eighth-finals (round of 16), quarter-finals (round of 8) and semi-finals (round of 4) from 1940-41 to 2013-14 have been analyzed, adding up to 2056 matches and 1028 play-offs. A non-parametric binomial contrast was applied to determine the influence of playing at home, while a binary logistic regression was used to show the explanatory proportion of goals after winning the qualifying round following the first confrontation. The results confirmed significant differences between playing as local or visitor (location) in the first or second match of the tie. Learning to manage the goals margin according to location with possible consequences on the selection of the more appropriate playing model, among others, suggest the specificity of this competition system. These results can help trainers to get a more ecological design of tasks with the real situation of matches.
The Employment and Wage Impact of Broadband Deployment in Canada

Hundreds of millions of dollars are spent by the Canadian federal and provincial governments to subsidize broadband deployment. This paper provides the first empirical assessment of the impact of broadband on employment and wage growth in Canada. Variation in elevation explains the regional difference in broadband coverage and is used as an instrument to estimate the causal effect. We find that the deployment of broadband in 19972011 promoted rural employment and wage growth in service industries. Goods industries were not impacted. The findings suggest that broadband helps service industry businesses overcome geographical barriers that have traditionally hampered rural growth.