Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
B cell epitopes in fish nodavirus

Three epitope-mapping procedures were used to identify B-cell epitopes on Betanodaviruses: neutralisation escape mutant sequence analysis, phage display, and pepscan. Betanodaviruses have emerged as major pathogens of marine fish. These viruses are the aetiological agents of a disease referred to as viral nervous necrosis (VNN), which affects many species of fish that are economically valuable to the aquaculture industry. The identification of betanodavirus B-cell epitopes will facilitate the rational development of vaccines to counter VNN. A panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was produced using hybridoma methodology for use in each of the epitope mapping procedures. These antibodies were characterised in Western blotting, ELISA, and virus neutralisation tests. Rabbit polyclonal sera, and serum samples from nodavirus-infected fish were also used for pepscan analyses. Attempts to produce betanodavirus neutralisation escape mutants, using plaque assay or limiting dilution based methods, were not successful. Two phage libraries expressing random peptides of seven (Ph.D.7TM) or twelve (Ph.D.12TM) amino acids in length as fusions to the coat protein were used to identify the ligands recognised by MAbs directed against betanodavirus. Neither of these phage libraries yielded conclusive results. Phage clones containing tandem inserts were obtained after MAb selection from library Ph.D.7TM. Extensive screening and nucleotide sequence analysis of MAb-selected clones from library Ph.D.12TM) failed to yield a consensus sequence. Pepscan analyses were performed using the recently developed suspension array technology (SAT). This was used to map the recognition sites of MAbs and serum samples onto a panel of overlapping synthetic peptides (12mers) that mimicked the betanodavirus coat protein. The results of pepscan analyses required careful interpretation due to the binding of antibodies and serum samples to multiple peptides. However, three regions of the nodavirus coat protein were identified as containing B-cell epitopes: amino acids 1-50, 141-162, and 181-212. These results are discussed in relation to previous studies of immune responses to betanodaviruses, and to the future development of betanodavirus vaccines and diagnostic reagents.
Validation of the symptoms of post-concussion syndrome questionnaire as a self-report symptom validity test : a simulation study

Symptoms of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) can occur after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Whilst specific neuropsychological tests can be used to determine cognitive disturbances, there is a reliance on the use of self-report measures to record the presence and severity of other PCS symptoms. Self-reported symptoms can be subject to over report and exaggeration, particularly in individuals involved in litigation (Mittenberg, Patton, Canyock & Condit, 2002; Larrabee, 2003). Paper one investigated the research evidence relating to what is known about the validation of self-reported symptoms of PCS. A total of nine papers were identified and appraised, the findings were synthesised according to the following topic areas: performance validity test outcomes and symptom reporting, the application of PCS self-report measures as symptom validity tests (SVTs), and the application of new and existing SVTs. Paper two followed from a recommendation to investigate a new measure that involved the endorsement of both genuine symptoms and atypical symptoms of PCS. This paper aimed to explore the utility of the Symptoms of Post-Concussion Syndrome questionnaire (SPCS). A simulation design was employed using control participants instructed to respond genuinely, and participants instructed to malinger. An optimal cut off score of >25 was established for the measure which produced promising diagnostic classification statistics (sensitivity .90, specificity 1.00, positive predictive power = 100%, negative predictive power = 93.75%). Further validation of the proposed cut off score with a clinical sample is required. Finally, paper three provides a reflective account of the process of completing this thesis, and a discussion of the challenges that were encountered along the way.
C‐reactive protein as a marker of the systemic inflammatory response to surgery reduction within an enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in elective colorectal surgery of the elderly: A prospective cohort study

The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) to surgery using C‐reactive protein (CRP) in patients <70 and ≥70 years of age, operated on by elective colorectal surgery with an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, and to compare them with a historical cohort with standard care (pre‐ERAS group). The secondary objectives were to analyse the length of stay (LOS) in hospital, 30‐day readmission rates and complications in both age groups.
Predicting 72-hour reattendance in emergency departments using discriminant analysis via mixed integer programming with electronic medical records

The proportion of patients who reattended emergency department (ED) within 72 hours is an important indicator of quality of care. This study develops a practical framework to predict patients who will reattend ED in 72 hours from clinical perspectives. We analyze 328,733 ED patients from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2013, with an average of 4.6% reattendances. We feature over 100 factors including demographics, diagnosis, patient acuity, chief complaints, selected laboratory tests, summarized vital signs. Using univariate analysis, a pool of risk variables is selected for subsequent factor selection. We then apply filter methods to derive a set of candidate factors. With these factors in combination with suggestions from ED clinicians, a mixed integer programming model based on discriminant analysis is proposed to determine a classification rule for 72-hour reattendance. In numerical experiments, various small subsets of risk factors are used for classification and prediction. The results show that favorable predicting performances can be achieved in both training and test sets.
Determination and Treatment of Disorders of Primary Haemostasis: Experience with Routine Application of the In Vitro Bleeding Test

Perioperative bleeding complications due to disorders of primary haemostasis are often underestimated. Routine determination of primary haemostasis is still problematic. The in vivo bleeding time (BT) shows low sensitivity and high variability. In this contribution the results and experiences with the IVBT having been obtained in various studies and during 10 years of routine use are reported. Patients and Methods: Blood donors before and after ASA ingestion, patients with thrombocytopenia as well as congenital and acquired platelet function disorders. Monitoring of desmopressin efficacy. IVBT with Thrombostat 4000 (tests with CaCl2 = TST-CaCl2 and ADP = TST-ADP) and PFA-100 (test cartridges with epinephrine = PFA-EPI and ADP = PFA-ADP). Results and Conclusions: IVBT becomes abnormal with platelet counts
Effects of Korean diet control nutrition education on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients who underwent cardiovascular disease surgery

본 연구는 심혈관질환으로 심장수술을 받은 환자 15명 대상에게서 12주 동안 한식으로 식이조절 교육을 통해 한식 섭취가 증가하고 이를 통해 CVD 위험인자 및 약물 투여량의 변화, 영양소 섭취량에 미치는 영향과 관련성에 대한 분석 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 대상자의 평균 연령은 $60.7{\pm}2.5$ 세로 최근 3년 이내.
Effect of dabigatran on the volume of intracerebral hemorrhage in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke of rats : 흰 쥐의 허혈성과 출혈성 뇌졸중에서 뇌내출혈의 크기에 대한 다비가트란의 효과

항응고제는 정맥 혈전증과 심방세동을 포함한 여러 혈전증을 앓는 환자에서 허혈성 뇌졸중과 조직 색전증을 예방하는데 효과적이다. 그러나 항응고제의 사용은 뇌내출혈을 포함한 출혈 발생의 위험성을 높인다. 항응고제와 관련된 뇌내출혈은 환자의 약 50%정도에서 치명적인 영향을 미친다2. 또한 뇌출혈은 허혈성 뇌졸중 .
Title Exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorder in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Abstract: This study is a critical analysis of the association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) exposure during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk in children. Electronic the association between SSRI exposure during pregnancy and ASD in children. Studies relevant to the association between SSRI exposure during pregnancy and ASD in children were extracted and compiled for meta-analysis evaluation. Ninety-five citations were identified and seven observational studies were included. Four case-control studies were eligible for the meta-analysis and two cohort studies were narratively reviewed. The pooled crude and adjusted odds ratios of the case-control studies were 2.13 (95% CI 1.66-2.73) and 1.81 (95% CI 1.47-2.24) respectively. Low heterogeneity was observed between studies. The two population-based cohort studies; utilized the same Denmark data set, have conflicting results. The findings of this meta-analysis and narrative review support an increased risk of ASD in children of mothers exposed to SSRIs during pregnancy; however, the causality remains to be confirmed.
The Use of Nephrotoxic Medicament in Family Medicine

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the cases in which the nephrotoxic medicaments analyzed in this paper have been prescribed and the expression of the nephrotoxic side effects to the patients.Prospective method was used for this work. The study included 5076 patients, which 1437 were treated with nephrotoxic medicament such as Diclofenac, Gentamicin, Brufen, Sulidamor, etc, during the period December 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017 at the Family Medicine Center in RoganeKamenicë. Out of 5076 patients in the period December 2016 to May 2017, 1438 patients were treated with nephrotoxic medicament analyzed in this paper, which 571 were male and 867 female. 34 had symptoms of kidney damage, and 3 of them exposed dialysis. This study shows that the nephrotoxic medicament analyzed in this paper were prescribed in primary care with a prevalence of 28%, predominating females by 60% compared to 40% in masculinity. From this study it emerges that these medicament had nephrotoxic effects to patients treated with a prevalence of 3.2%.
Innovations in Retinal Laser Technology

Retinal laser photocoagulation is a proven, effective treatment for various retinal disorders, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions, and sickle cell retinopathy. To minimize iatrogenic retinal damage while maintaining therapeutic effects, retinal laser technology has evolved significantly since its introduction in ophthalmology more than half a century ago. These innovations have included both optimizations of laser parameters in addition to the development of novel laser delivery systems. This review summarizes recent innovations in retinal laser technology, including subthreshold micropulse laser, selective retinal therapy and nanosecond laser, innovative modes of laser delivery including pattern scanning laser, endpoint management, navigated laser, and newly described photo-mediated ultrasound therapy.
Commentary

1. Nemir J, Domazet I, Brgic K, Kovac N, Mrak G. Hydrocephalus caused by H3N2 type A influenza virus or cerebellopontine angle schwannoma? J Neursci Rural Pract 2017;8:694‐5. 2. Friedman HM, Gilden DH, Lief FS, Rorke LB, Santoli D, Koprowski H, et al. Hydrocephalus produced by the 6/94 virus; A parainfluenza type 1 isolate from multiple sclerosis brain tissue. Arch Neurol 1975;32:408‐13. 3. Johnson RT, Johnson KP. Hydrocephalus as a sequela of experimental myxovirus infections. Exp Mol Pathol 1969;10:68‐80. 4. Johnson RT, Johnson KP. Hydrocephalus following viral infection: The pathology of aqueductal stenosis developing after experimental mumps virus infection. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1968;27:591‐606. 5. Mims CA. An analysis of the toxicity for mice of influenza virus. I. Intracerebral toxicity. Br J Exp Pathol 1960;41:586‐92. 6. Huebner RJ, Rowe WP, Lane WT. Oncogenic effects in hamsters of human adenovirus types 12 and 18. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1962;48:2051‐8. 7. Margolis G, Kilham L. Hydrocephalus in hamsters, ferrets, rats, and mice following inoculations with reovirus type I. II. Pathologic studies. Lab Invest 1969;21:189‐98. 8. Holtz A, Borman G, Li CP. Hydrocephalus in mice infected with polyoma virus. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1966;121:1196‐200. 9. Johnson RT. Hydrocephalus and viral infections. Dev Med Child Neurol 1975;17:807‐16. The report describes a patient with hypertensive hydrocephalus caused by the H2N3 virus, which is an extremely rare condition. [1] Identification of influenza virus type A in cerebrospinal fluid using polymerase chain reaction method confirmed central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry excluded the presence of meningitis or encephalitis. There was also no associated aqueduct stenosis. The surgically treated coincidental vestibular schwannoma has not been shown to be associated with the hydrocephalus or the neurological symptoms described.
Magnetic hydrophobic‐charge induction adsorbents for the recovery of immunoglobulins from antiserum feedstocks by high‐gradient magnetic fishing

Abstract BACKGROUND The extraction of biopharmaceuticals from plasma and serum often employs overly complicated antiquated procedures that can inflict serious damage on especially prone protein targets and which afford low purification power and overall yields. This paper describes systematic development of a high‐gradient magnetic fishing process for recovery of immunoglobulins from unclarified antiserum. RESULTS Non‐porous superparamagnetic particles were transformed into hydrophobic‐charge induction adsorbents and then used to recover immunoglobulins from rabbit antiserum feedstocks. Comprehensive characterisation tests conducted with variously diluted clarified antiserum on a magnetic rack revealed that immunoglobulin binding was rapid (equilibrium reached in <45 s), strong (Kd < 0.1 mg mL‐1), of high capacity (Qmax = 214 mg g‐1), and pH and ionic strength dependent. In a high‐gradient magnetic fishing process conducted with the same adsorbent, and a conventional ‘magnetic filter + recycle loop’ arrangement, >72% of the immunoglobulin present in an unclarified antiserum feed was recovered in 0.5 h in >3‐fold purified form. CONCLUSIONS Fast magnetic particle based capture of antibodies from an unclarified high‐titre feed has been demonstrated. Efficient product recovery from ultra‐high titre bioprocess liquors by high‐gradient magnetic fishing requires that improved magnetic adsorbents displaying high selectivity, ultra‐high capacity and operational robustness are used with ‘state‐of‐the‐art’ rotor–stator magnetic separators. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Long-Range Single-Molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer between Alexa Dyes in Zero-Mode Waveguides

Zero-mode waveguide (ZMW) nano-apertures milled in metal films were proposed to improve the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency and enable single-molecule FRET detection beyond the 10 nm barrier, overcoming the restrictions of diffraction-limited detection in a homogeneous medium. However, the earlier ZMW demonstrations were limited to the Atto 550–Atto 647N fluorophore pair, asking the question whether the FRET enhancement observation was an artifact related to this specific set of fluorescent dyes. Here, we use Alexa Fluor 546 and Alexa Fluor 647 to investigate single-molecule FRET at large donor–acceptor separations exceeding 10 nm inside ZMWs. These Alexa fluorescent dyes feature a markedly different chemical structure, surface charge, and hydrophobicity as compared to their Atto counterparts. Our single molecule data on Alexa 546–Alexa 647 demonstrate enhanced FRET efficiencies at large separations exceeding 10 nm, extending the spatial range available for FRET and confirming the earlier conclusions. By showing that the FRET enhancement inside a ZMW does not depend on the set of fluorescent dyes, this report is an important step to establish the relevance of ZMWs to extend the sensitivity and detection range of FRET, while preserving its ability to work on regular fluorescent dye pairs.
Uniportal video-assisted anterior upper lobe anatomic segmentectomy S3: a technical description

Anatomic resection of a bronchopulmonary segment has been validated as a safe and efficient way to treat benign, metastatic and early stage cancerous lesions of the lung. The procedure can sometimes be more demanding than a lobectomy, as it requires intralobar dissection of the bronchovascular structures. We hereby present the technique of resecting the anterior (S3) segment of the right and left upper lobe via the uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) technique.
Comparative evaluation of two techniques of LMA CTrachTM insertion on manoeuvres required to obtain optimal laryngeal view

Background: LMA CTrach™ is a laryngeal mask airway (LMA™) device used for tracheal intubation under vision. We conducted this study to evaluate the new technique of LMA CTrach™ insertion with respect to number of manoeuvres of airway required to obtain grade 1 or 2 view of glottis when compared to standard recommended insertion technique. Methods: One hundred and ten patients were randomized to either group standard technique (LMA CTrach™ inserted according to manufacturer's recommendations) or group modified technique (LMA CTrach™ inserted with the viewer assembled and visualizing the process of insertion). The number of manoeuvres used before successful intubation were compared between the groups. Manoeuvres used to get adequate ventilation/good glottic view were the up-down manoeuvre, partial withdrawal, distal maneuver, Chandy manoeuvre and suctioning. Total number of manoeuvres and ease of LMA CTrach™ insertion were recorded. Results: Patient characteristics were comparable. Among 50 patients in each group 37 patients required 43 manipulations in group modified technique compared to 41 patients who required 65 manipulations in group standard technique before getting a good glottic view (P=0.013). Modified insertion technique was significantly difficult (23/50 patients) compared to standard technique (6/50 patients); P<0.001. Conclusion: The total number of manoeuvres for getting good glottic view was significantly less with the modified technique of inserting LMA CTrach™. However, this technique was perceived to be more difficult.
22 QUALITY OF LIFE AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT FOLLOWING MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN LONG-STANDING HYPERTENSION: INSIGHT FROM THE HIGHEST HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE IN INDONESIA

Objective: Bangka Belitung province has the highest prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia with the rate of 30.9% based on the National Report on basic health research in Indonesia. Whether or not medication adherence improves the quality of life and functional capacity in patients with long-standing hypertension remains unclear. Methods: We enrolled 61 patients with long-standing hypertension in Puskesmas Manggar, East Belitung. MMAS-8 was used to assess the level of compliance in each patient. This assessment resulted in two groups; the adherents and the non-adherents. With a prospective, non-randomized study, we assessed the patients’ quality of life by using WHO-5 QoL Questionnaire on the first month and the fourth month of treatment and 6MWT distances. The results were then analyzed with generalized linear model after data normalization. Results: A significant higher 6MWT distances in adherents group vs non-adherents group (281.9 + 75.15 vs 263.1 + 56.16 m). A significant increment of mean QoL scores was found in the adherents group (77.7 ± 1.0 to 80.2 ± 1.2) after a fourmonth follow-up. Conversely, reduced QoL scores were seen in the non-adherents group (64.5 ± 1.2 to 62.2 ± 1.3). Hence, there was a marked improvement of QoL scores in the adherents group compared to the non-adherents groups (2.5 vs −2.3, p value = 0.006). Conclusion: Medication adherence significantly improves the quality of life and functional capacity in patients with long-standing hypertension.
Prognostic Value of Prothrombin Time in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Introduction: There are some studies regarding the prognostic value of coagulation abnormalities both in heart failure and acute pulmonary embolism patients. However, it is unclear whether prothrombin time (PT) at presentation will be associated with long-term mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients not on anticoagulant therapy. Thus, we investigated the prognostic role of initial PT in such patients. Patients and Methods: A total of 1100 consecutive patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who were not receiving anticoagulant therapy were included in the study, retrospectively. PT was measured on admission in these patients before anticoagulation therapy. The study population was divided into three groups based on the PT values: A high-PT group (PT ≥ 14 sec, n= 50), intermediate-PT group (12.5 < PT < 14 sec, n= 169), and low-PT group (PT ≤ 12.5 sec, n= 881). The primary end point was all-cause death during the median follow-up of 30.5 months. Results: The rate of the primary end point was 15% in the low-PT group, 27% in the intermediate-PT group, and 52% in the high-PT group (p< 0.001). For long-term mortality, a significantly higher mortality risk was observed in high-PT group (HR: 2.648, 95% CI: 1.590-4.410, p< 0.001) compared with the others group in multivariate analysis. The addition of PT to a multivariable model that included the left ventricular ejection fraction, histories of diabetes mellitus and stroke, age, hemoglobin, creatinine, white blood cell count, total bilirubin levels and Killip class led to a significant net reclassification improvement (NRI) of 26.7% (p< 0.001) and an integrated discrimination improvement of 0.022 (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that prolonged initial PT in the absence of anticoagulant therapy can be associated with all-cause mortality in ACS patients who were undergoing PCI. In addition, PT may be used to identify the high-risk patients with ACS.
John Conrad Waterlow. 13 June 1916—19 October 2010

John Waterlow was an inspiring clinical and laboratory-based nutritional scientist, who was recognized as paterfamilias of a large, international and influential group of distinguished acolytes. His early work was characterized by study of the nature and clinical management of infantile malnutrition, notably as director of the MRC's Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, which he established in Jamaica in 1954. His London period, from 1970 until and beyond his official retirement in 1982, involved him as Head of the Nutrition Department at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Here he established a Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Unit to continue his experimental animal and human studies researching protein metabolism; he also assumed the role of the the UK's most influential public health nutritionist, becoming President of the Nutrition Society. Like all great scientists, his work encompassed a very wide range of scientific disciplines, although he modestly described himself as a physiologist, consistent with his primary Cambridge training. Above all, throughout his career, he was happiest as an experimentalist at the bench, from his first assignment studying heat stroke of British troops in the Iraq desert during the Second World War to his measurement of [15N] enrichment in urea as part of his study of whole-body protein turnover just prior to his retirement, working with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer which, like much of the equipment he used, he had largely assembled himself.