Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recognizing Musical Notation Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Musical scores are the essential of music theory and its development. Musical notation was developed by Greeks around 521 BCE, considering that music was developed a long time ago will will find a gap between new musical technology and old scrpits of music theory since they were written in. However, having music scores in written form has rised various kinds of problems for music information retrieval (MIR). Music notation recognition is a type of optical character recognition (OCR) applications, which allow us to recognize musical scores and convert it to a format that can be editied or played on computer such as musicXML (for page layout). In this paper, we introduce a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) based framework for musical notation recognition in images. We use a popular pre-trained CNN network, namely ResNet-101 to extract global features of notation and rest images. Then, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) is employed for training and classification purpose. ResNet-101 is one of the state-of-art pre-trained network for image recognition, ResNet-101 trained with more than a million images. Multiclass SVM classifiers using a fast-linear solver is also very powerful classifier. We also evaluated the proposed approach on a dataset that was derived from Attwenger, P RecordLabel and OMR-dataset, and then labeled manually by music theory. As a result, we can separate notes and rests from each other with an average accuracy of 99.02%. We can also classify five different note types. This is the first time that Resnet-101 and a SVM is combined together to perform musical notation recognition, and results are very promising.
A Study of Static and Dynamic Significance Weighting Multipliers on the Pearson Correlation for Collaborative Filtering

Recommender systems as a field of data mining and knowledge discovery have a tremendous impact on movie recommendation platforms. Proper recommendation for the audience, considering profiles, is a measurable argument. By inferencing the linear combinations between some numerical data such as user rating actions, statistical analyses can be done. Thus, any item such as a movie can be recommended or not. The numerical calculation of correlations, namely the similarity weight, should be recomputed before prediction to increase the effect of user similarities for further constant multiplications. This method is named as the significance weighting that processes one more step to stress the impact of similarities. The affinity between users can simply be the total number of co-rated items, or any further inference using more complex computations. In this work, the significance weighting method related to Pearson Correlation is inspected using comparative approaches. The MovieLens dataset, both including ML100K and ML1M releases, are used in the experiments. k-fold cross-validation method is applied in a shifting fashion to increase the number of tests. After having Pearson Correlation Coefficients for user-user similarities, weights are signified using three different approaches. Then, neighbors are sorted to choose the top-N closest users for the user in the test. Concerning experimental results, over two other techniques, an explicit method that utilizes only the co-rated item count is preferred taking its simplicity and performance into account. In the plots of experimental results section, accuracy and error metrics are presented for three different significance weighting approaches. Especially for the ML100K dataset, the simple weighting method outperforms in terms of the error metrics.
Using PCM in Two Proposed Residential Buildings in Christchurch, New Zealand

A characteristic feature of lightweight constructions is their low thermal mass which causes high internal temperature fluctuations that require high heating and cooling demand throughout the year. Phase change materials (PCMs) are effective in providing thermal inertia to low-thermal-mass buildings. This paper aims to analyse the thermal behaviour of two proposed lightweight buildings designed for homeless people and to investigate the potential benefit achievable through the use of different types of PCM in the temperate climatic conditions of Christchurch, New Zealand. For this purpose, over 300 numerical simulations were conducted using DesignBuilder® simulation software. The bulk of the simulations were carried out under the assumption that the whole opaque building envelope is equipped with PCM. The results showed significant energy saving and comfort enhancement through the application of PCMs. The integration of PCM in single-structure components led to substantial energy savings between 19% and 27% annually. However, occupant behaviour in terms of ventilation habits, occupancy of zones, etc. remains one of the biggest challenges in any simulation work due to insufficient data.
Reasons for the Decrease in the Development of Suspects in Check Fraud Cases in Central Florida

For hundreds of years, banking institutions have accepted orig- inal paper checks as a payment method for individuals as well as businesses. The establishment of the Check Clearing for the 21 st Century Act (Check 21) created many changes in the way banks accept payment. One significant change is to create electronic check images of paper checks and afterwards destroy the check. Without the original piece of evidence to examine for forensic purposes, fraud investigators are struggling to solve check fraud cases. The study involved a qualitative approach to investigate fraud detection problems associated with the transition from paper checks to electronic deposits by the banking industry. A qualitative inquiry included in-depth interviews to analyze the perception of fraud investigators representing four law enforcement agencies as well as MIDFLOR- IDA Credit Union regarding the effect of the digitization of checks on fraud investigations. Qualitative data supported the theory that digitization of checks has had a negative impact on the development of suspects in check fraud cases. Future research recommendations include collection of data from additional geographical regions to evaluate the impact the legislation has had on development of sus- pects in check fraud cases.
PENERAPAN METODE ELECTRE UNTUK MENENTUKAN PRIORITAS PENERIMA BERAS MISKIN (RASKIN)

ELECTRE adalah suatu metode yang dirancang untuk memecahkan masalah dari setiap alternatif yang memiliki lebih dari satu kriteria. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data calon penerima RASKIN di Desa X sebanyak 30 kepala keluarga. Alternatif yang digunakan adalah kepala keluarga dari setiap rumah, sedangkan kriterianya adalah usia, pekerjaan, penghasilan, luas bangunan tempat tinggal, jumlah tanggungan, tagihan listrik, dan konsumsi daging dalam seminggu. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan terdapat 10 kepala keluarga yang mendapat rekomendasi untuk menerima RASKIN yaitu A14, A28, A29, A22, A12, A17, A8, A6, A9, dan A13. Kata kunci: Alternatif, Kriteria, Kepala keluarga
Plant Identification Using Leaf Image Analysis

Plant identification is a vital task in areas such as medicine, botany and food sector. Leaves also play an essential role in plant species recognition. However, plant identification becomes more challenging in case of leaves with the complicated background having interferences and overlapping. In this paper, an efficient approach is proposed for classification of leaf images with a complicated background. In the proposed approach, firstly, a saliency detection method is used to segment leaf images from a complicated background. Then, morphological and texture features are extracted from the region of interest. Finally, a multilevel classification is used for Leaf recognition. The experimental results are validated with an accuracy of 94%.
An Asianist Sensation: Horace on Lucilius as Hortensius

Abstract:The Asianist orator Hortensius Hortalus is a partial model for Horace's critique of Lucilius in his début collection Satires 1. Much mileage is derived from the metaphor of Lucilius as a "muddy river. " The appearances of Hortensius, a wealthy lover of luxury and innovator in dining habits, in Varro's De Re Rustica 3, Cicero's Brutus (where, recently deceased, he is especially memorialized) and Orator, and Catullus 65 are grist to Horace's mill. Lucilius is tendentiously linked to Asianism as well as Asia itself, and the identification is pursued through recall of Lucilius' own statements, as Horace toys with Republican texts.
Weakening the glass ceiling: does organizational growth reduce gender segregation in the upper tiers of Danish local government?

ABSTRACT The theory of representative bureaucracy highlights gender segregation in the public sector and its detrimental implications for public policy outcomes. Focusing attention on organisational responses to this protracted problem, we supply evidence on whether organizational growth provides potential for change in the upper echelons of the public sector. An evaluation of the relationship between new hires and gender representation within the management tiers of Danish local government reveals an association between the recruitment of additional employees and improved gender integration. This is particularly pronounced for public organizations that employ fewer women. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
The relations of traumatic life events with depression, loneliness, anxiety, posttraumatic growth and pain in refugee university students

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of traumatic experiences and the relationship between traumas and anxiety, loneliness, depression, posttraumatic growth and pain, in refugee university students. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the Gaziantep University between September 2017 and September 2018. UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) Loneliness Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Traumatic Events Checklist (T.E.C) were used for assessment purposes. Results: A total of 71 students were included in our study. There was a positive correlation between UCLA and BDI, T.E. C and a negative correlation between UCLA and PTGE. There was a positive correlation between BDI and BAI, T.E. C. A negative correlation was determined between PTGE and BDI and also T.E. C. A significant and positive correlation was observed between duration of pain felt during a day and T.E. C, BDI, and a negative correlation between duration of pain and PTGE. Conclusion: Excessive traumatic experiences were positively related with depression and negatively related with traumatic growth. The duration of pain felt during a day was positively related with the excess of depressive symptoms and traumatic events, however there was no relationship between the presence of pain/ localization of pain and assessment scales.
A Design-Based Research Approach for introducing Algorithmics and Programming to Bavarian Primary Schools

Computer Science (CS) is increasingly entering the early levels of childhood education, like primary school or even kindergarten. Although Germany has not yet developed mandatory guidelines for how to deal with these new topics, Bavaria seems to consider extending the field of computer science education to the primary sector in the long term. It is therefore becoming more and more necessary to gain insight into which teaching methods and content would be suitable for students at primary level. To investigate the characteristics of effective programming courses for primary schools, we developed a three-day introductory course following the design-based research approach. This article will set focus on both the theoretical foundation resulting from this specific research approach and the didactic implementation of the theoretical framework.
Controlling for ability using test scores

This paper proposes a semiparametric method to control for ability using standardized test scores, or other item response assessments, in a regression model. The proposed method is based on a model in which the parameter of interest is invariant to monotonic transformations of ability. I show that the estimator is consistent as both the number of observations and the number of items on the test grow to infinity. I also derive conditions under which this estimator is rootn consistent and asymptotically normal. The proposed method is easy to implement, does not impose a parametric item response model, and does not require item level data. I demonstrate the finite sample performance in a Monte Carlo study and implement the procedure for a wage regression using data from the NLSY1979. JEL codes: C14, C38, C39, C55, I21, I26, J24
A PRELIMINARY LOOK AT USING SATELLITE COMMUNICATION FOR COLLABORATION IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN

This article examines attitudes of four shippers that use satellite communications systems regarding the benefits of using such systems. All four ranked the value of their use as very high and gave customer service as the reason. By making information about the shipment available while it is in transit, the shipper can now have a complete view of the shipping process, which is necessary in today's market. This study is looking at attitudes toward satellite communications with an eye to discovering new ways to encourage collaboration along the supply chain. Carriers also realized benefits such as reduced costs, heightened efficiency and productivity through better utilization of assets. The results show that satellite information technology has the potential to benefit all three parties: shipper, carrier and receiver. More work can be done on ways to quantify some of the "soft" benefits, such as additional sales for shippers who are able to fulfill orders more rapidly and more transparently, and for carriers, who are better able to put their investment in assets and personnel to work. Additional questions are the strategic as well as operational applications that could still benefit.
A pandemia da COVID-19 e as mudanças no estilo de vida dos brasileiros adultos: um estudo transversal, 2020

Resumo Objetivo Descrever as mudanças nos estilos de vida, quanto ao consumo de tabaco, bebidas alcoólicas, alimentação e atividade física, no período de restrição social consequente à pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com dados do inquérito ConVid sobre comportamentos em saúde. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário on-line autopreenchido pelos participantes. Procedimentos de pós-estratificação foram empregados para o cálculo das prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados Participaram 45.161 indivíduos com 18 ou mais anos de idade. Durante o período de restrição social, foi relatada diminuição da prática de atividade física e aumento do tempo em frente a telas, da ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados, do número de cigarros fumados e do consumo de bebidas alcóolicas. Foram observadas diferenças segundo sexo e faixa etária. Conclusão Os resultados apontam uma piora dos estilos de vida e aumento de comportamentos de risco à saúde.
Getting your hopes up but not seeing them through? Experiences as determinants of income expectations and persistence during the venturing process

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate the effects of industry and startup experiences on income expectations and persistence of nascent entrepreneurs. We posit that experience can have two interrelated effects: (1) it provides skills that may affect persistence, but also (2) affects performance expectations. We develop and test hypotheses about the impact of industry and startup experience on both expectations and persistence. Data of 808 nascent entrepreneurs from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics show that industry experience increases income expectations and persistence alike, whereas startup experience increases expectations without increasing persistence. We discuss implications for scholarship and practice.
The age-prospective memory paradox

Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to carry out intentions within a certain delay. PM tasks require a large degree of self-initiated retrieval, and in the absence of a prompt to recall, people must ‘remember to remember’ by their own volition. Thus, PM is a challenge – especially in old age with increasing health-related PM demands. Surprisingly, older adults show less pronounced impairment in naturalistic PM tasks (e.g. call the experimenter twice a day) than in the laboratory (e.g. press button × when a specific word appears). In fact, the age-PM paradox states that older individuals regularly outperform younger participants in naturalistic PM approaches. In these tasks, older individuals might experience better time management, better planning abilities, or a more efficient use of PM cues. Alternatively, elderly people might be more motivated when performing naturalistic tasks rather than abstract tasks. Here, we review the literature on the impact of motivation on the age-PM paradox by highlighting different methods used to manipulate motivation. We applied a systematic literature search on the Medline/PubMed database and reference lists of articles. Main findings suggest that depending on the type of modulation and the task setting, motivation enhances PM performance in older adults: Increasing importance (either by the experimenter or personally) boosted PM performance in older adults both in the laboratory and in naturalistic settings, while offering a monetary reward did not. Conversely, providing a social motive enhanced PM performance in the laboratory but not in naturalistic approaches. Although these results are encouraging, they also highlight the need for additional research on the impact of motivation on PM performance. Future studies should particularly focus on investigating the effect of non-financial reward on PM performance and elucidate the role of personality traits in the relation between motivation and PM.
Developing a Process to Reach Consumer Insights for TeliaSonera

This thesis was aimed to help TeliaSonera to work more consumer related. The purpose was to show the organization how consumer insights could be found and how valuable they are for the company. The assignment consisted of two parts, to develop a process methodology for TeliaSonera which could be used when a segment analysis is to be made in the future, and to study two specific consumer segments. Main focus was to be put on mobile Internet access.The Insights Process was designed based on literature studies, information from TeliaSonera and the consumer study. The process must help TeliaSonera to generate and verify actionable consumer insights, suit the organization and be possible to complete in one week. Via a current situation analysis and by testing methods to find perceptions and ways of conducting consumer studies, different concepts were generated, based on these a final process was established. The general idea was to utilize both in-house knowledge and consumer know-hows. The process consists of twelve steps, optional minitests and one regular follow-up session. The input should be a caught opportunity and output should be actionable insights. Through in-house studies at TeliaSonera perceptions were generated within the area mobile Internet access. These were later tested in a consumer study through a questioning in Telia stores and focus group sessions with the specific segments. The main trait from the group High Status Homeowners was control. Besides that, they requested simpler handling, they are always online, and they have a need of performance and of integrity. The main request from the group Educated Metropolitans was to simplify their everyday lives. Besides that, they have a need of control, they are cost-conscious and aware and they demand Internet access everywhere. This showed that the perceptions generated from the beginning turned out to be rather true.The process turned out to be an agile tool, which will complement the current work at TeliaSonera. Enhanced with toolbox, documentation-aid and consequence guide for each step, the process is easy to follow. There is software programming that has to be done before the process can be launched
The impact of a large arctic storm surge on chironomid community assemblages, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada

During this century, sea level is expected to increase as large ice sheets melt and temperatures warm, causing thermal expansion o f the oceans. Across the Arctic, rising sea level coupled with increasing storminess and decreasing sea-ice cover, will make low-lying coastal regions more susceptible to storm surges. -y In September 1999, a storm impacted 200 km o f the outer Mackenzie Delta causing saltwater to move inland and flood freshwater lakes. The aim o f this study is to (1) quantify what impacts the 1999 storm surge had on the abundance and community composition o f chironomids in these lakes, and (2) determine if ecological recovery has occurred since the storm surge. The earliest portion of the lake sediment record from Lake DZO-29 (which is undated, but probably represents the past several centuries) is dominated by the chironomid taxa Cricotopus 'Orthocladius, Chironomus and Paratanytarsus. This early assemblage suggests relatively cold temperatures and likely represents the end o f Little Ice Age climatic conditions. A significant increase in the relative abundance o f Corynocera oliveri type-1 in DZO-29 and in another lake (DZO-30), suggest warming conditions following the end o f the Little Ice Age that persist throughout the 20th century. In cores DZO-29 and DZO-30, the suggested warming is interrupted during the past -10 years following the inundation by saltwater in September 1999. After this, chironomid communities appear to be driven by salinity changes as opposed to temperature. No significant chironomid assemblage shifts occurred in a third lake (C-27), which was not impacted by the storm surge.
Spatial optimization in ecological applications

Preface1. IntroductionPart I. Simple Proximity Relationships2. Sedimentation3. Stormflow Management4. Natural Regeneration in Any-aged Forest Management5. Combining Simulation with Optimization: Habitat Placement for the Northern Spotted OwlPart II. Reaction-Diffusion Models6. Characteristics of the Discrete Reaction-Diffusion Model7. The Basic Model: Habitat Placement for the Black-Footed Ferret8. Population-Dependent Dispersal: Habitat Placement for the Black-Tailed Prairie Dog9. Topography-Based Dispersal: Habitat Location for the Western Prairie Fringed Orchid10. Habitat Edge EffectsPart III. Control Models11. Strategies for Controlling Exotic Pests12. Strategies for Controlling WildfirePart IV. Using Optimization to Develop Hypotheses About Ecosystems13. Multi-Scaled Ecological Limiting Factors14. Carbon Fixation in Trees as an Optimization Process15 PostscriptReferencesIndex