Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abstract. Lung adenocarcinoma, characterized by its early and aggressive local invasion and high metastatic potential, is the most frequently observed histological type of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) caused by peripheral lung adenocarcinomas is closely associa

Lung adenocarcinoma, characterized by its early and aggressive local invasion and high metastatic potential, is the most frequently observed histological type of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) caused by peripheral lung adenocarcinomas is closely associated with the poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC. The association between VPI and some clinicopathological characteristics has been observed in the past few decades. However, the molecular mechanism of VPI in lung adenocarcinomas is unknown. In the present, the expression level of microRNA (miR-)135b and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations using the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing, respectively. In addition, the present study aimed at exploring the association between the miR-135b level, EGFR mutations and VPI in peripheral lung adenocarcinoma. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR‐135b was significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma compared with adjacent normal tissue and positively associated EGFR mutations in peripheral lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, it was identified that lung adenocarcinomas with EGFR mutations and miR-135b overexpression were more likely to invade visceral pleura. Taken together, these findings indicate that miR‐135b overexpression is positively associated with mutations to EGFR, which may promote the development of peripheral lung adenocarcinomas by the formation of VPI. This indicates that the two factors may serve as prognostic markers and molecular targets for the treatment of peripheral lung adenocarcinomas.
Cation and Water Structure, Dynamics, and Energetics in Smectite Clays: A Molecular Dynamics Study of Ca–Hectorite

The incorporation of Ca2+ into smectite minerals is well-known to have a significant effect on the swelling behavior and mechanical properties of this environmentally and technologically important group of materials. Relative to common alkali cations such as Na+, K+, and Cs+, Ca2+ has a larger charge/ionic radius ratio and thus interacts very differently with interlayer water molecules and the oxygens of the clay basal surface. Recent 2H and 43Ca NMR studies of the smectite mineral, hectorite, show that the molecular scale interlayer dynamics is quite different with Ca2+ than with alkali cations. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations presented here use a newly developed hectorite model with a disordered distribution of Li+/Mg2+ substitutions in the octahedral sheet and provide new insight into the origin of the effects of Ca2+ on the structure, dynamics, and energetics of smectite interlayers. The computed basal spacings and thermodynamic properties suggest the potential for formation of stable mo.
Online customer engagement on Twitter : the case of Icelandair

Measuring the effectiveness of marketing on social media is becoming increasingly important because social media platforms constitute a significant and growing segment of marketing activities for many industries, including the airline industry. Little research exists on how airlines can develop tweets that increase online customer engagement. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the determinates of online customer engagement for an airline brand. The study extends the conceptual framework put forth by deVries, Gensler, and Leeflang (2012), which was initially intended to measure Facebook brand post popularity. In total, 143 brand tweets from Icelandair’s official Twitter account tweeted during the period from late 2012 until early 2016 were collected and categorized. A regression analysis was conducted to examine the impact of tweet and feature-type on online customer engagement tools such as “likes”, “replies” and “retweets”. The results indicate that different characteristics in terms of tweet and feature-type result in different online customer engagement outcomes for the brand. The content tweet types: “entertainment”, “information” and “promotion” were found have a positive impact on likes, replies and retweets. The feature type “vividness” was found to have a positive effect, while “interactivity” was not found to have a significant effect. This study contributes to the social media literature in the airline industry on how effectiveness of marketing on Twitter can be measured. Furthermore, it helps marketers within this same industry to understand what kind of brand-generated contents yield increased effectiveness on Twitter.
A STUDY OF IDENTIFYING SUCCESS VARIABLES FOR CONSTRUCTION PARTNERING VIA SEM FRAMEWORK

Owners and contractors in construction partnerships cooperate to quickly achieve results with reduced start-up costs, achieve a win-win result for both parties, increase efficiency, and reduce the possibility of conflict in construction projects. This study explored success variables (SVs) in construction partnerships via a novel framework. A questionnaire survey was distributed to experienced practitioners in the Taiwan construction industry. Factor analysis was applied to extract SVs based on the questionnaire results. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was then used to verify the relationships between the SVs identified in construction partnership. The analytical results showed that four success factors (SFs) in construction partnerships (collaborative team culture, long-term quality perspective, consistent objectives, and resource sharing) are closely linked. Success in construction partnership is most strongly influenced by the relationship between collaborative team culture and consistent objectives, while the relationship between collaborative team culture and long-term quality perspective is least significant. Therefore, failure of partnering in construction projects can be minimized and success can be achieved by carefully managing the four SFs.
A Comparison of Heuristics Algorithms to Solve Vehicle Routing Problem with Multiple Trips and Intermediate Facility

This paper considers the design and analysis of algorithms for vehicle routing problems (VRP) with multiple trips. The VRP is a combinatorial optimization and integer programming problem seeking to service a number of customers with a fleet of vehicles. The objective is to deliver a set of customers with known demands on minimum-cost vehicle routes originating and terminating at a depot. Given the challenging difficulty of this problem class, heuristics approaches seem to offer the most promise for practical size problems. After describing two heuristics: Sequential Insertion and Nearest Neighbors, we conduct an extensive computational study of their performance. The problems set are taken from a randomly generated instance test problems. Our experimental study shows that the two heuristics performed well in different problem environments; in particular the Nearest Neighbors heuristic consistently gave better results. Keyword: VRP with multiple trips, Sequential Insertion, Nearest Neighbors.
The PRISM4 (mid-Piacenzian) paleoenvironmental reconstruction

Abstract. The mid-Piacenzian is known as a period of relative warmth when compared to the present day. A comprehensive understanding of conditions during the Piacenzian serves as both a conceptual model and a source for boundary conditions as well as means of verification of global climate model experiments. In this paper we present the PRISM4 reconstruction, a paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the mid-Piacenzian ( ∼ 3 Ma) containing data for paleogeography, land and sea ice, sea-surface temperature, vegetation, soils, and lakes. Our retrodicted paleogeography takes into account glacial isostatic adjustments and changes in dynamic topography. Soils and lakes, both significant as land surface features, are introduced to the PRISM reconstruction for the first time. Sea-surface temperature and vegetation reconstructions are unchanged but now have confidence assessments. The PRISM4 reconstruction is being used as boundary condition data for the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) experiments.
Temperament as a Potential Factor in the Development and Treatment of Conduct Disorders.

This report examines the development of Conduct Disorder (CD) in children and adolescents from the perspective of Hans Eysenck's bio-social theory of personality. The theory views personality as a product of the interaction of temperament and socialization. Eysenck's three-factor model of personality is comprised of Extroversion (E), Neuroticism (N), and Psychoticism (P). The temperament based traits P, E, and N and their interactions are discussed in relation to Eysenck's antisocial behavior hypothesis and the development of CD. The interaction of socialization with temperament in the development of antisocial behavior is also discussed. Intervention suggestions for antisocial behavior based on Eysenck's theory as well as some possible temperament treatment interactions are presented. Interventions for CD identified as well established or as probably efficacious using criteria developed by the American Psychological Association and possible temperament considerations in their use are covered. Effective treatments include parent training groups and videotaped parent training to prepare parents for their role as socialization agents. Finally, the possible contribution of temperament profiles to Kazdin's proposal for the use of a chronic disease model when treating CD is discussed. (Contains 52 references.) (Author/CR) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
A Comparison of Head-Tracked and Vehicle-Tracked Virtual Audio Cues in an Aircraft Navigation Taask

Since the earliest conception of virtual audio displays in the 1980’s, two basic principles that have guided their development have been 1) that virtual audio cues are ideal for providing information to pilots in aviation applications; and 2) that head-tracked virtual audio displays provide more accurate and more intuitive directional information than non-tracked displays. However, despite the obvious potential utility of spatial audio cues in the cockpit, very little quantitative data has been collected to evaluate the in-flight performance of pilots using virtual audio displays. In this study, sixteen pilots maneuvered a general aviation aircraft through a series of ten waypoints using only direction cues provided a virtual audio display system. Each pilot repeated the task twice: once with a virtual display slaved to the direction of the pilot’s head, and once with a virtual audio display slaved to the direction of the aircraft. Both configurations provided audio cues that were sufficient for successful aircraft navigation, with pilots on average piloting their aircraft to within 0.25 miles of the desired waypoints. However performance was significantly better in the plane-slaved condition, primarily due to a leftward bias in the head-slaved flight paths. This result suggests how important frame of reference considerations can be in the design of virtual audio displays for vehicle navigation.
Identification of Gear Conditions Using Nonlinearity Measures by Delay Vector Variance

Vibrations in different running stages of a gear generally demonstrate different dynamical behavior. As a result, nonlinearity of vibration data can seemingly serve as a measure for describing running conditions of a gear. Nevertheless, measuring nonlinearity of vibration data seems to be a tough task because of complexities of data. To resolve this problem, this paper exploited delay vector variance (DVV), a time-delay method for quantifying nonlinearity and randomization of data, to investigate gear vibration data. Along this path, this paper proposed a novel method for identification of gear conditions using nonlinearity measures by DVV. Following this, the performance of the proposed method was benchmarked against Approximate Entropy and Sample Entropy using gear vibration data containing similar gear faults. The comparison indicated that the proposed method in this paper has the edge over Approximate Entropy and Sample Entropy in identifying gear fault conditions.
A simple prescription for simulating and characterizing gravitational arcs

Simple models of gravitational arcs are crucial for simulating large samples of these objects with full control of the input parameters. These models also provide approximate and automated estimates of the shape and structure of the arcs, which are necessary for detecting and characterizing these objects on massive wide-area imaging surveys. We here present and explore the ArcEllipse, a simple prescription for creating objects with a shape similar to gravitational arcs. We also present PaintArcs, which is a code that couples this geometrical form with a brightness distribution and adds the resulting object to images. Finally, we introduce ArcFitting, which is a tool that fits ArcEllipses to images of real gravitational arcs. We validate this fitting technique using simulated arcs and apply it to CFHTLS and HST images of tangential arcs around clusters of galaxies. Our simple ArcEllipse model for the arc, associated to a Sersic profile for the source, recovers the total signal in real images typically within 10%−30%. The ArcEllipse+Sersic models also automatically recover visual estimates of length-to-width ratios of real arcs. Residual maps between data and model images reveal the incidence of arc substructure. They may thus be used as a diagnostic for arcs formed by the merging of multiple images. The incidence of these substructures is the main factor that prevents ArcEllipse models from accurately describing real lensed systems.
Feeling the Blues: Moral Hazard and Debt Dilution in Eurobonds Before 1914

Debt mutualisation through Eurobonds has been proposed as a solution to the Euro crisis. Although this proposal found some support, it also attracted strong criticisms as it risks raising the spreads for strong countries, diluting legacy debt and promoting moral hazard by weak countries. Because Eurobonds are a new addition to the policy toolkit, there are many untested hypotheses in the literature about the counterfactual behaviour of markets and sovereigns. This paper offers some tests of the issues by drawing from the closest historical parallel – five guaranteed bonds issued in Europe between 1833 and 1913. The empirical evidence suggests that contemporary concerns about fiscal transfers and debt dilution may be overblown, and creditors' moral hazard may be as much of a problem as debtors'.
Financial Integration and Economic Growth

The following paper studies possible impacts of financial integration under different economic conditions, such as financial and equity market development and trade openness. It applies mixture of models, namely General Methods of Moments (GMM), Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), two-staged OLS, transformed OLS, and Panel data approach with 14 financial integration measures, including three new ones over 217 countries between 1970 and 2012. The results confirm that countries with high current account surplus are better off under financial integration, particularly with less inflation and less strict rule-of-law. Financial development damages economic growth in financial repressed markets, unless financial integration measures are practiced simultaneously. Stock market, although its existence brings positive outcomes, its development decreases economic gains under financial integration. Trade openness and unemployment rates are positively associated with growth under FI. Foreign bank presence, although positively correlated with financial development, effects negatively on economic growth, particularly under higher financial openness. International organization (World Trade Organization (WTO), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and World Bank (WB)) membership presents negative relations to economic growth. We conjecture that organizational contracts once believed to give advantageous gains for both sides are no longer advantageous, because of the recent rapid developments in emerging and developing countries.
Externally fed star formation: a numerical study

We investigate, through a series of numerical calculations, the evolution of dense cores that are accreting external gas up to and beyond the point of star formation. Our model clouds are spherical, unmagnetized configurations with fixed outer boundaries, across which gas enters subsonically. When we start with any near-equilibrium state, we find that the cloud’s internal velocity also remains subsonic for an extended period, in agreement with observations. However, the velocity becomes supersonic shortly before the star forms. Consequently, the accretion rate building up the protostar is much greater than the benchmark value c 3 /G, where cs is the sound speed in the dense core. This accretion spike would generate a higher luminosity than those seen in even the most embedded young stars. Moreover, we find that the region of supersonic infall surrounding the protostar races out to engulf much of the cloud, again in violation of the observations, which show infall to be spatially confined. Similar problematic results have been obtained by all other hydrodynamic simulations to date, regardless of the specific infall geometry or boundary conditions adopted. Low-mass star formation is evidently a quasi-static process, in which cloud gas moves inward subsonically until the birth of the star itself. We speculate that magnetic tension in the cloud’s deep interior helps restrain the infall prior to this event.
Effects of Autologous Platelets Rich Plasma on Full-thickness Cutaneous Wounds Healing in Goats

This investigation was designed to evaluate the role of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) on healing of experimentally wounded skin in ten adult bucks, aged 2-3 years and weighing 25-30 kg. The animals divided randomly and equally into (control and treatment groups). Four of 3×3 cm of full-thickness square cutaneous wounds was induced on both sides of the lateral thoracic region of each animal under the effect of local anesthetic proceeding by xylazine hydrochloride as a sedative. A pair of left wounds was treated by injection with 5 mL of autonomous PRP (treatment group), 2 mm lateral to the wound edges and in the wound center. While, the right wound were injected by 5 mL of sterile saline by the same procedure (control group). Each group was divided into five subgroups (four wounds of each), for morph metrical and histopathological evaluations of wound healing process represented by percent of wound contraction, epithelialization and total healing at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-wounding. The morphometrical appearance of the wounds which treated with PRP, showed that the contraction, re-epithelialization and healing percent were statically significant (p<0.05) in comparison with control wounds during four weeks study. Based on histopathological results, there was re-epithelialization of epidermis, with highly cellular granulation tissue, well differentiated keratinocytes of epidermis with scar formation in the dermis of the sectioned skin. We conclude that local injection of PRP leads to accelerate and improvement of wound healing in comparison to control wounds.
Protocol of the DiaDec-study: Quality of life, health care utilisation and costs in patients with diabetes: The role of depression

Diabetes is a highly prevalent chronic disease with a substantial impact on quality of life and societal cost. Depressive disorders have been found to be more prevalent among individuals with diabetes than those without diabetes. Studies reported 4.5 times higher total annual healthcare costs for Medicare patients with comorbid diabetes and depression than for patients with diabetes but no comorbid depression. Data regarding the appropriateness of treatment and treatment outcomes in the real world setting for patients with diabetes and a depressive disorder is lacking. Our aim is to investigate the prevalence of undiagnosed and diagnosed depression and to describe healthrelated quality of life and health care utilisation and costs in a German sample of individuals with diabetes and comorbid depression. The DiaDec study is based on a random sample of a statutory health insurance (SHI) population with diabetes. In a baseline survey, participants were assessed with respect to subthreshold and major depression and health-related quality of life. Data on diagnosed depression, amount and cost of prescribed medications, and outpatient and inpatient care was extracted from health insurance records for each study participant. By linking the survey data with longitudinal health insurance data the association between depression status, quality of life and health care utilisation/costs in the year before and after the survey will be investigated. We expect that our results will foster discussion on the quality and cost-effectiveness of health care for patients with diabetes and a comorbid depression.
Glacial δ 13 C decreases in the western South Atlantic forced by millennial changes in Southern Ocean ventilation

10 Abstract. Abrupt millennial-scale climate change events of the last deglaciation (i.e., Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas) were accompanied by marked increases in atmospheric CO2 presumably originated by outgassing from the Southern Ocean. However, information on the preceding Heinrich Stadials during the last glacial period is scarce. Here we present stable carbon isotopic data ( 13 C) from two species of planktonic foraminifera from the western South Atlantic that reveal major decreases (up to 1‰) during Heinrich Stadials 3 and 2. These  13 C decreases are most likely related to millennial- 15 scale periods of intensification in Southern Ocean deep water ventilation presumably associated with a weak Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. After reaching the upper water column of the Southern Ocean, the  13 C depletion would be transferred equatorward via central and thermocline waters. Together with other lines of evidence, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the CO2 added to the atmosphere during abrupt millennial-scale climate change events during the last glacial period also originated in the ocean and reached the atmosphere by outgassing from the Southern Ocean. The 20 13 C during Heinrich Stadials in our records is characterized by two relative minima separated by a relative maximum. This "w-structure" is also found in North Atlantic and South American records, giving us confidence that such structure is a pervasive feature of Heinrich Stadial 2 and, possibly, also Heinrich Stadial 3.
Temperature controlled cationic photo-curing of a thick, dark composite

In this research, the cationic photopolymerization of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether was found to have an infinitely long induction period due to the sustained stability of the secondary oxonium ions species at low temperature. Based on this, the system could be separated into two steps: photolysis of the photoinitiator without polymerization under irradiation and polymerization in the dark. Under irradiation, only the secondary oxonium ion species was generated at low temperature, whereas the polymerization could proceed and auto-accelerate at room temperature without irradiation. The two steps could be monitored by a significant change of the temperature. The temperature controlled cationic mechanism resolved the issue of light penetration in colored thick composites. Through temperature control, the infinitely thick and dark material could be prepared by cationic photopolymerization.