Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Silver Sintered Assemblies on Non-DCB Substrates

Silver sintering technology has already been established as an alternative in power electronics to replace soldering on DCB. As different methods and processes for silver sintering are increasingly available, there is the posibility to diversify the substrate materials for silver sintering. Most research works on silver sintering uses direct copper bonded substrates (DCB) due to their thermal and electrical performance. Investigating silver sintering on alternative substrates like high-temperature stable PCBs, insulated metal substrates (IMS) and copper lead-frames can diversify possible applications in high power and high temperature operating conditions. High temperature stable embedded printed circuit boards are emerging as an alternative to ceramic-based inorganic substrates. Embedding of power electric chips with high power density to novel printed circuit boards requires reliable die attachment techniques. Establishing silver sintering on these materials can help solve the existing issues in the embedding of power chips into printed circuit boards. This research work presents the results of the silver sintered process developed on these non-DCB substrates using shear tests and metallographic cross sections. Thermal stresses after the assembly are characterized using warpage measurements using the digital image correlation technique (DIC). Finally the results achieved with different substrates are compared.
Cyber Risk Assessment and Scoring Model for Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

The commercial-off-the-shelf small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) market is expanding rapidly in response to interest from hobbyists, commercial businesses, and military operators. The core commercial mission set directly relates to many current military requirements and strategies, with a priority on short range, low cost, real time aerial imaging, and limited modular payloads. These small vehicles present small radar cross sections, low heat signatures, and carry a variety of sensors and payloads. As with many new technologies, security seems secondary to the goal of reaching the market as soon as innovation is viable. Research indicates a growth in exploits and vulnerabilities applicable to small UAV systems, from individual UAV guidance and autopilot controls to the mobile ground station devices that may be as simple as a cellphone application controlling several aircraft. Even if developers strive to improve the security of small UAVs, consumers are left without meaningful insight into the hardware and software protections installed when buying these systems. To date, there is no marketed or accredited risk index for small UAVs. Building from similar domains of aircraft operation, information technologies, cyber-physical systems, and cyber insurance, a cyber risk assessment methodology tailored for small UAVs is proposed and presented in this research. Through case studies of popular models and tailored mission-environment scenarios, the assessment is shown to meet the three objectives of ease-of-use, breadth, and readability. By allowing a cyber risk assessment at or before acquisition, organizations and individuals will be able to accurately compare and choose the best aircraft for their mission.
The Effect of Echium amoenum Hydro-alcoholic Extract on the Growth of Probiotic Bacteria Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Bifidobacterium Bifidum in Kefir

فده و هنيمز : لگ هايگ نابزواگ ياراد جنشت دض و يدرد دض ،يبارطضا دض ،يرتكاب دض رثا يم دشاب . هـب قيقحت نيا روظنم هعلاطم ريثأت هراصع يبآ يلكلا رب نابز واگ لگ دشر يرتكاب ياه و سوليفوديـسا سوليـسابوتكلا يكيتوـيبورپ يب مويرتكاب وديفيب موديف ريفك رد تفرگ تروص . شور و داوم اه : روظنم نيا هب 13 تظلغ اب راميت ياه فلتخم ) يبآ هراصع يلكلا اب نابز واگ لگ هايگ سوليـسابوتكلا موديفيب مويرتكاب وديفيب و سوليفوديسا ( دش ديلوت ناماوت اي و هناگادج تروص هب . اهراميت لماش : راميت 1 دهاـش 110 مرگ ريفك ، ياهراميت 4 و 3 و 2 لماش بيترت هب يواح ريفك 9 و 6 و 3 مرگ يـبآ هراصع ا يـلكل لـگ ناـبزواگ ، ياـهراميت 7 و 6 و 5 لماش بيترت هب يواح ريفك 11 مرگ يبآ هراصع يلكلا لگ نابزواگ و 6 / 0 و 3 / 0 و 1 / 0 مرگ سوليسابوتكلا ديسا و سوليف ، ياهراميت 10 و 9 و 8 لماش بيترت هب يواح ريفك 11 مرگ يبآ هراصع يلكلا لگ ناـبزواگ و 6 / 0 و 3 / 0 و 1 / 0 مرـگ مويرتكابوديفيب ، راميت 11 اح ريفك يو 11 مرگ يبآ هراصع يلكلا لگ نابزواگ و 05 / 0 مرگ سوليسابوتكلا سوليفوديـسا و 05 / 0 مرگ مويرتكابوديفيب موديفيب ، راميت 12 يواـح رـيفك 11 مرـگ يـبآ هراـصع يـلكلا لـگ ناـبزواگ و 15 / 0 مرـگ سوليسابوتكلا سوليفوديسا و 15 / 0 مرگ مويرتكابوديفيب موديفيب ، راميت 13 يواح ريفك 11 مرگ هراصع يبآ يلكلا لگ نابزواگ و 3 / 0 مرگ سوليسابوتكلا سوليفوديسا و 3 / 0 مرگ مويرتكابوديفيب دندوب موديفيب . ـس هـنومن سپ اـه ياـمد رد 30 تدم هب دارگ يتناس هجرد 12 دش هداد رارق لاچخي رد تلاوصحم دعب و دندش هبوكنا تعاس . زا كي ره ديلوت زا سپ قوف تلاوصحم ، ن زا كي ره يرادهگن هرود يط هنوم رد اه ياهزور 1 ، 7 ، 14 ، 21 و هتيديسا رظن زا PH شيامزآ دروم دنتفرگ رارق . شور ود هب ييايرتكاب شرامش هتفه رد تيلپ تشك و يبوركيم ميقتسم ياـه تـفرگ ماـجنا موـس و لوا . جياتن اب رازفا مرن زا هدافتسا SPSS تفرگ رارق يسررب و ليلحت دروم . هتفاي اه : ز رد هتيديسا نيرتشيب يرادهگن و ديلوت نام هب طوبرم راميت 4 دوب . نيرتشيب PH يرادهگن نامز رد هـب طوـبرم راميت 6 و راميت 11 دوب . دادعت نيرتشيب لوا هتفه رد يبوركيم ميقتسم شرامش رد يرتكاب هب طوبرم هدش شرامش راميت 6 دادعت نيرتشيب موس هتفه رد و هدوب يرتكاب وركيم ميقتسم شرامش رد هدش شرامش هب طوبرم يب راـميت 13 دوـب . رد شرامش تشك تيلپ هب طوبرم هدش شرامش دادعت نيرتشيب لوا هتفه رد راميت 4 و هدوب دادـعت نيرتـشيب موس هتفه رد يرتكاب هدش شرامش تيلپ تشك شور هب هب طوبرم راميت 2 يم دشاب . هجيتن يريگ : يبآ هراصع يلكلا واگ لگ شيازفا يتح و ينام هدنز ثعاب نابز سوليفوديسا سوليسابوتكلا يرتكاب دشر و موديفيب مويرتكاب وديفيب ديدرگ .
Vector representation of texts applied to prediction models

STERN, D. B. Vector representation of texts applied to prediction models. 2020. 41 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Estatística – Programa Interinstitucional de Pós-Graduação em Estatística) – Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos – SP, 2020. Natural Language Processing has gone through substantial changes over time. It was only recently that statistical approaches started receiving attention. The Word2Vec model is one of these. It is a shallow neural network designed to fit vectorial representations of words according to their syntactic and semantic values. The word embeddings acquired by this method are stateof-art. This method has many uses, one of which is the fitting of prediction models based on texts. It is common in the literature for a text to be represented as the mean of its word embeddings. The resulting vector is then used in the predictive model as an explanatory variables. In this dissertation, we propose getting more information of text by adding other summary statistics besides the mean, such as other moments and quantiles. The improvement of the prediction models is studied in real datasets.
Source of excess nitrogen may affect nutrient partitioning in lactating ewes

This experiment tested the hypothesis that the form of surplus nitrogen (ammonia or amino acids) affects nutrient partitioning in lactating ruminants. Nine, abomasally-cannulated, 4 year old Coopworth ewes (66.4 ± 5.9 kg liveweight), suckling twin lambs were offered a basal diet designed to meet their requirements for ME and MP in 12 equal portions at 2 h intervals for two periods of five weeks. During both periods, ewes were allocated to one of three groups; continuous abomasal infusion of 2 l water/day (control), infusion of 150 g sodium caseinate (20g N) dissolved in 2 l water or 85 g ammonium bicarbonate (15 g N) in 2 l water. Liveweight change of ewes and lambs, ewe milk production and composition and nitrogen balances were measured. Treatments had no significant effect on ewe dry matter intake, in vivo dry matter digestibility or ewe liveweight change. Relative to control, casein infusion increased milk production (33%) and lamb liveweight gain (by 26% from 132 to 166 g/day) but had no effect on milk composition. In contrast ammonia infusion decreased milk production (15%), reduced milk protein concentration (from 63 to 56 g/kg), increased milk fat concentration (from 66 to 75 g/kg) and reduced lamb liveweight gain (from 132 to 66 g/day). The N apparently utilised (dietary N + infusate N  faecal N  urine N) was apportioned (milk N : body N) in ratios of 0.86 : 0.14, 1.0 : 0 and 0.52 : 0.48 for control, casein and ammonia infusions respectively. It is concluded that excess N in the form of ammonia diverted protein from milk production to body retention, thus the form of surplus N may affect nutrient partitioning in lactating ewes.
Methods and means of the experimental research of the electrothermal arcjet thrusters of spacecrafts

The subject of the research in this article is the measurement of the main characteristics of the electrothermal arcjet thrusters in the process of the working fluid acceleration during the bench tests. The purpose is to form a bench research facility to study the characteristics of the electric heating propulsion system for use in a space tugboat, taking into account the launch dynamics, operating conditions and shutdown dynamics. Tasks: measuring the thrust of the electric propulsion system as the main characteristic in the established and transient mode; determining the flow rate of the working fluid correlated with the thrust; measuring the parameters of electrical consumption ‒ currents, voltage, power in static and dynamic modes; measuring the external conditions of the simulating space environment, namely the vacuum, in the test chamber. The methods used are: tensometry, differential pressure gauge, four-probe measurement of power supplied to engine heaters, steam generator and tank of the electric heating system, ionization-thermocouple vacuum measurement. The following results have been obtained: the composition of the information and control system consisting of the tensometric sensor used with the electric heating propulsion system, flowmeter of the working body of the electric heating propulsion system, power meter of the heater, steam generator and the tank of the electric heating propulsion system, ionization-thermocouple sensors for vacuum determination. The software product for graduation of the tensometric sensor has been developed. The scientific innovation of the obtained results is as follows: the method of measuring the thrust of the electric heating propulsion system by means of tensometric sensor has been further developed, the method of measuring the flow of the working body of the electric heating propulsion system has been further developed, the method of measuring the power of the engine heater, steam generator, tank of the electric heating propulsion system has been further developed. For the first time an algorithm for graduation of the tensometric sensor for the electric heating propulsion system was developed and implemented in the software product.
Rieny Sulistijowati : Peereviewer Chemical Quality of Dried Stingray (Dasyatis Sp.) Marinated with Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Blimbi L.)

This study aims to examine the effect of marination of Stingray (Dasyatis sp.) meat by Belimbing Wuluh extract (Averrhoa blimbi L.) with a different concentration towards chemical quality and urea content of dried Stingray meat. The study employed experimentally in the laboratory by treatments, i.e., marination of stingray meat by belimbing wuluh extract by randomized design non factorial with twice replications. The factor concentration of 25% (A), 50% (B) and 75% (C). The data analysis steps involved ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) if significantly different to measure the tested parameters, i.e., urea content, protein content, and water content respectively. The urea content analysis by LC-MS indicates that the urea content of control sample, sample A, B, and C is 0.76 g/mL, 0.65 g/mL, 0.48 g/mL, 0.16 g/mL respectively, which signifies that higher concentration of blimbing wuluh extract contributes to the lower urea content. The ANOVA analysis result shows that the treatment does not affect towards protein content of dried stingray with a value of 13.7%-16.04% (p>0.05) in each sample. Likewise, the treatment also does not contribute significantly towards water content of dried stingray with a value of 16.21-17.36.
A Kidney Exchange Matching Application Using the Blossom and Hungarian Algorithms for Pairwise and Multiway Matching

Background/objectives: Patients of kidney failure sometimes have incompatible donors. This study proposes an application to get the best matchings based on scoring data. Methods: For pairwise matching, we created a new graph from the original scoring matrix. This graph ensures pairwise matchings. To find an optimal matching, we used the Blossom algorithm. For multiway matching, we interpreted the scoring matrix as an assignment problem. For this, we used the Hungarian algorithm. The application was created using Python, NetworkX, NumPy, and PySimpleGUI. The app uses CSV files as input. Findings: Both algorithms made for polynomial run times. Matching is fast and is guaranteed to be optimal. The application itself gets instantaneous results even for large donor-patient matrices. Application/improvement: Hospitals or organizations can use this application for their kidney matching programs. Keywords: Blossom Algorithm, Hungarian Algorithm, Kidney Failure, Donor Matching.
Solution of planar elastic stress problems using stress basis functions

The use of global displacement basis functions to solve boundary-value problems in linear elasticity is well established. No prior work uses a global stress tensor basis for such solutions. We present two such methods for solving stress problems in linear elasticity. In both methods, we split the sought stress σ into two parts, where neither part is required to satisfy strain compatibility. The first part, σ p, is any stress in equilibrium with the loading. The second part, σ h is a self-equilibrated stress field on the unloaded body. In both methods, σ h is expanded using tensor-valued global stress basis functions developed elsewhere. In the first method, the coefficients in the expansion are found by minimizing the strain energy based on the well-known complementary energy principle. For the second method, which is restricted to planar homogeneous isotropic bodies, we show that we merely need to minimize the squared L2 norm of the trace of stress. For demonstration, we solve nine stress problems involving sharp corners, multiple-connectedness, non-zero net force and/or moment on an internal hole, body force, discontinuous surface traction, material inhomogeneity, and anisotropy. The first method presents a new application of a known principle. The second method presents a hitherto unreported principle, to the best of our knowledge.
Stochastic optimization of staffing for multiskill call centers

In this thesis, we study the staffing optimization problem in multiskill call centers, in which we aim at minimizing the operating cost while delivering a high quality of service (QoS) to customers. We also introduce the use of chance constraints which require that the QoSs are met with a given probability. These constraints are adequate in the case when the performance is measured over a short time interval as QoS measures are random variables in a given time period. The proposed staffing problems are challenging in the sense that the stochastic constraints have no-closed forms and need to be approximated by simulation. In addition, the QoS functions are typically non-linear and non-convex. We consider staffing optimization problems in different settings and study the proposed models in both theoretical and practical aspects. The methodologies developed are general, in the sense that they can be adapted and applied to other staffing/scheduling problems in queuing-based systems. The thesis consists of three articles dealing with different challenges in modeling and solving staffing optimization problems in multiskill call centers. The first and second articles concern a two-stage staffing optimization problem under uncertainty. While in the first one, we study a general two-stage discrete stochastic programming model to provide a theoretical guarantee for the consistency of the sample average approximation (SAA) when the sample sizes go to infinity, the second one applies the SAA approach to solve the two-stage staffing optimization problem under arrival rate uncertainty. Both papers indicate the viability of the SAA approach in our context, in both theoretical and practical aspects. To be more precise, in the first article, we consider a general two-stage discrete stochastic problem with expected value constraints. We formulate its SAA with nested sampling. We show that under some assumptions that hold in call center examples, one can obtain the optimal solutions of the original problem by solving its SAA with large enough sample sizes. Moreover, we show that the probability that the optimal solution of the sample problem is an optimal solution of the original problem, approaches one exponentially fast as we increase the sample sizes. These theoretical findings are important, not only for call center applications, but also for other decision-making problems with discrete decision variables. The second article concerns solution methods to solve a two-stage staffing problem under arrival rate uncertainty. It is motivated by the fact that the SAA version of the two-stage staffing problem becomes expensive to solve with a large number of scenarios, as for each scenario, one needs to use simulation to approximate the QoS constraints. We develop an algorithm that combines simulation, cut generation, cut strengthening and Benders decomposition to solve the SAA problem. We show the efficiency of the approach, especially when the number of scenarios is large.
Microbe-Endocrine Hormone Interactions

Shamim Al-Husseini, Abdalla Hamed and Primrose Freestone* Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University Road, UK Submission: October 10, 2017; Published: December 14, 2017 *Corresponding author: Primrose Freestone, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Maurice Shock Medical Sciences Building, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 9HN UK, Tel: ; Fax: +44 (0)116-252-5030; Email:
Identification of Soil Erosion in Alpine Grasslands on High-Resolution Aerial Images: Switching from Object-based Image Analysis to Deep Learning?

<p>Soil erosion in Alpine grassland areas is an ecological threat caused by the extreme topography, prevailing climate conditions and land-use practices but enhanced by climate change (e.g., heavy precipitation events, changing snow dynamics) in combination with changing land-use practices (e.g, more intensely used pastures). To increase our understanding of ongoing soil erosion processes in Alpine grasslands, there is a need to acquire detailed information on spatial extension and temporal trends. </p><p>In the past, we have successfully applied a semi-automatic method using an object-based image analysis (OBIA) framework with high-resolution aerial images (0.25-0.5m) and a digital terrain model (2m) to map erosion features in the Central Swiss Alps (Urseren Valley, Canton Uri, Switzerland). Degraded sites are classified according to the major erosion process (shallow landslides; sites with reduced vegetation cover affected by sheet erosion) or triggering factors (trampling by livestock; management effects) (Zweifel et al. 2019). We now aim to apply a deep learning (DL) model with the purpose of fast and efficient spatial upscaling(e.g., alpine-wide analysis). While OBIA yields high quality results, there are multiple constraints, such as labor-intensive steps and the requirement of expert knowledge, which make the method unsuitable for larger scale applications. The results of OBIA are used as a training dataset for our DL model. The DL approach uses fully-convolutional networks with the U-Net architecture and is capable of rapid segmentation and classification to identify areas with reduced vegetation cover and bare soil sites. </p><p>Results for the Urseren Valley (Canton Uri, Switzerland) show an increase in total area affected by soil degradation of 156 &#177;18% during a 16-year observation period (2000-2016). A comparison of the two methods (OBIA and DL) shows that DL results for the Urseren Valley follow similar trends for the 16-year period and that the segmentations of eroded sites are in good agreement (IoU = 0.83). First transferability tests to other valleys not considered during training of the DL model are very promising, confirming that DL is a well-suited and efficient method for future projects to map and assess soil erosion processes in grassland areas at regional scales. </p><p>&#160;</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>L. Zweifel, K. Meusburger, and C. Alewell. Spatio-temporal pattern of soil degradation in a Swiss Alpine grassland catchment. Remote Sensing of Environment, 235, 2019. </p>
Direct Repeats Co-occur with Few Short Dispersed Repeats in Plastid Genome of A Spikemoss, Selaginella vardei (Selaginellaceae, Lycophyta)

Background It is hypothesized that the highly conserved inverted repeat (IR) structure of land plant plastid genomes (plastomes) is beneficial for stabilizing plastome organizations, whereas the mechanism of the occurrence and stability maintenance of the newly reported direct repeats (DR) structure was yet awaiting further exploration. Here we introduced the DR structure of plastome in Selaginella vardei (Selaginellaceae, Lycophyta), trying to elucidate the mechanism of DR occurrence and stability maintenance. Results The plastome of S. vardei is 121,254 bp in length and encodes 76 different genes, of which 62 encode proteins, 10 encode tRNAs and four encode rRNAs. Unexpectedly, the two identical rRNA gene regions (13,893 bp) are arranged into DR, and a ca. 50-kb trnN-trnF inversion spanning one DR copy exists in S. vardei, comparing to the typical IR organization of Isoetes flaccida (Isoetaceae, Lycophyta). We find extremely rare short dispersed repeats (SDRs) in plastome of S. vardei and is confirmed in its closely related species S. indica. The occurrence time of DR in Selaginellaceae is estimated at late Triassic (ca. 215 Ma) based on the phylogenetic framework of land plants. Conclusions We propose that the unconventional DR structure, co-occurred with extremely few SDRs, plays key role in maintaining the stability of plastome, and reflects a relic of the environmental upheaval during extinction event. We suggest that the ca. 50-kb inversion resulted in the DR structure, and recombination between DR regions is confirmed to generate multipartite subgenomes and diverse multimers, which shed lights on the diverse structures in plastome of land plants.