3 . 4 Registration of wheel rutting and ground condition class in Danish forestry using high resolution LiDAR data and digital legacy maps

Extreme weather conditions, making procurement volatile, are to come with changing climate scenarios and will affect the procurement instantly. The aim of the project was to find a first synoptic and common framework to describe the impact of weather variations on wood procurement. Three countries have collected data from wood production and transport as well as weather data from the years 2015 and 2016. The data have been statistical analyzed to find correlations between wood procurement and weather effects. A common simplified framework was introduced to find the most systematic weather factors influencing wood procurement. For the Swedish case, the effect from the combination of snow depth and temperature were the only effects which could be seen had an impact on production. Though a low degree of significance, classes of snow depth indicated that a snow cover less than 0,5 meters together with high temperatures, above zero, gave an impact on production. The effect of the combination precipitation and high temperatures were found to influence the production most. The weather effects were also tested on transport. Surprisingly no such effects can be found. Transport was found to strictly follow the production inventory. The impact of precipitation during temperatures around and above zero degrees have the largest impact on production resulting in deviations from procurement patterns, more than the effects of a deep snow cover. Still, the available data material used covered two years together with abbreviations and the framework needs to be further developed. 13 Forest Operations in Response to Environmental Challenges NIBIO BOK 5(6)2019 1.3 Working with the weather ‐ tools and tricks for more resilient wood supply Dag Fjeld*1 1NIBIO, Norway *Corresponding author: dag.fjeld@nibio.no Keyword: wood supply, weather modelling, coastal climate, resilience Abstract Seasonal variations in wood supply are linked to the regional operating environment. This study constitutes the Norwegian contribution to Era-Net MultiStrat (Multimodal strategies for more resilient wood supply) covering oceanic, sub-arctic and continental climate zones. The oceanic zone is characterized by considerable seasonal variation in both temperature and precipitation. The goal of the study was to seek solutions for more resilient wood supply under these conditions.Seasonal variations in wood supply are linked to the regional operating environment. This study constitutes the Norwegian contribution to Era-Net MultiStrat (Multimodal strategies for more resilient wood supply) covering oceanic, sub-arctic and continental climate zones. The oceanic zone is characterized by considerable seasonal variation in both temperature and precipitation. The goal of the study was to seek solutions for more resilient wood supply under these conditions. The study started with a general mapping of wood supply management processes including common demand and supply risks (WP1). The work continued with analysis of three years of production and transport reports (2014-2016) with tracking of roadside stocks and transport lead times (WP2). Daily temperature, precipitation, and snowpack were tracked with data from 65 surrounding weather stations. A simple multimodal transport problem with a rolling selection of planning horizons was then used to find the efficient multimodal solutions for the core, adjacent and peripheral supply regions through 12 balance periods per year (WP3). The transport analysis covers 65 supply districts feeding 6 assortment groups to 10 mills via 11 shipping terminals. The transport analysis varied both vessel cargo capacity and cargo collection practices. The results demonstrated a wide range of solutions to ensure roundwood availability with limited increases in system costs. While the transport analysis demonstrated the contribution of the multimodal solutions to structural flexibility, it also revealed a bottleneck for resilience of the wood supply system; seasonal variation in truck transport output (m3km/week). The geographical distribution of seasonality showed the main source to be one particular supply region. A subsequent wood supply planning workshop with production managers indicated that a bottleneck for improved production planning was short wood purchase and planning horizons. A simple optimization experiment was therefore set up to quantify the feasibility of more specific site-type selection according to actual soil and seasonal weather conditions for the selected region. On-line grid-based groundwater modeling was used to monitor weekly geographical variations in bearing capacity and the experiment provided a plausible re-scheduling of flows to reduce variation in delivery volumes and transport output. 14 Forest Operations in Response to Environmental Challenges NIBIO BOK 5(6)2019 1.4 Compact‐class forest machines as a tool for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions Santa Kaleja*1, Andis Lazdins1, Agris Zimelis1 1Latvian State Forest Research Institute “Silava” *Corresponding author: santa.kaleja@silava.lv