Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection and characterization of broad-host-range plasmids in environmental bacteria by PCR

Primer systems for PCR amplification of different replicon-specific DNA regions were designed on the basis of published sequences for plasmids belonging to the incompatibility (Inc) groups IncP, IncN, IncW, and IncQ. The specificities of these primer systems for the respective Inc groups were tested with a collection of reference plasmids belonging to 21 different Inc groups. Almost all primer systems were found to be highly specific for the reference plasmid for which they were designed. In addition, the primers were tested with plasmids which had previously been grouped by traditional incompatibility testing to the IncN, IncW, IncP, or IncQ group. All IncQ plasmids gave PCR products with the IncQ primer systems tested. However, PCR products were obtained for only some of the IncN, IncP, and IncW group plasmids. Dot blot and Southern blot analyses of the plasmids revealed that PCR-negative plasmids also failed to hybridize with probes derived from the reference plasmids. The results indicated that plasmids assigned to the same Inc group by traditional methods might be partially or completely different from their respective reference plasmids at the DNA level. With a few exceptions, all plasmids related to the reference plasmid at the DNA level also reacted with the primer systems tested. PCR amplification of total DNA extracted directly from different soil and manure slurry samples revealed the prevalence of IncQ- and IncP-specific sequences in several of these samples. In contrast, IncN- and IncW-specific sequences were detected mainly in DNA obtained from manure slurries.
60 GHz Band RF MEMS Switch

This paper reports on design, simulation and manufacturing of a novel millimeter wave MEMS switch structure. The switching operation utilizes electrostatic force which was the only way for high reliability and wafer scale manufacturing techniques at high frequency. The switching element, a bridge type one, shows an actuation voltage of about 24.5V. Different geometries for the switching element were designed and manufactured. The switches exhibit low insertion losses (0.75dB@60GHz) with good isolation (>50dB@60GHz). The simulated and measured results were in a good agreement for the 60GHz frequency band
A new FDTD subgridding boundary condition for FDTD subcell lossy thin-layer modeling

In this work we present a novel algorithm based on a subgridding boundary condition, for the subcell treatment of conductive thin-layer in FDTD (SGBC). We show that this technique provides a robust late-time stability behavior, compared to classical impedance boundary condition (IBC) methods, with affordable computer requirements. The method is validated by means of high-frequency scattering problems as well as with low-frequency transfer impedance prediction of tubular shells.
Efficient and fair subchannel allocation based on auction algorithm

In multicarrier systems, the feedback information from a mobile station to a base station can be used to efficiently allocate the radio resource such as power and/or subchannels to a user. The quality of subchannel is measured by a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), whose range, in a real system, must be quantized because channel information should be represented as a finite number of bits due to signaling overhead. Therefore, some subchannels whose data rates are the same can exist even though the measured SNRs are different. In this paper, we propose an efficient and fair algorithm to allow users and subchannels to compete through bidding. The bidding price of each user is determined by the difference between the data rate of the best subchannel and the second best, where the highest bidder wins the use of the best subchannel. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than a random selection method in terms of throughput and fairness.
Motor deficits in fibroblast growth factor receptor‐3 null mutant mice

Fibroblast growth factor receptor‐3 (FGFR‐3) regulates aspects of bone development. Mutations in the FGFR‐3 gene (Fgfr3) in humans and mice produce vertebral abnormalities and bone deformities. The present study evaluated the behavioural concomitants of the Fgfr3 −/− mutation. Fgfr3 −/− null mutant mice displayed severe impairments of motor abilities as detected on the rotarod, wire hang and open field tests. Absence of prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle was seen at prepulse levels from 74 to 86 dB. The motor deficits appear to be a direct and predicted consequence of the skeletal kyphosis, scoliosis and long bone overgrowth previously reported in Fgfr3 null mutant mice. The behavioural phenotype displayed by these mutant mice complements their anatomical, physiological and biochemical phenotypes, to complete the characterization of the functional outcome of a single gene mutation. Simple, robust behavioural symptoms, such as poor rotorod performance in Fgfr3 knockout mice, can provide useful surrogate markers to evaluate pharmacological treatments and gene therapies for human genetic diseases.
Maximum likelihood sequence estimation of CPM signals transmitted over Rayleigh flat-fading channels

A method for the sequential updating of log-likelihood functions for maximum-likelihood sequence estimation is presented. It is shown that, in a general case, this method can be implemented using Kalman filtering techniques. For the special case of Rayleigh flat fading and continuous phase modulation (CPM) signaling, this approach is shown to lead to an attractive receiver structure. This type of receiver, called the linear predictive receiver, can be implemented in the form of the Viterbi algorithm with the trellis updates being computed using a bank of finite pulse response (FIR) filter and square operations. Simulation results are presented that demonstrate the superiority of the linear predictive receiver over receivers employing differential detection, in the presence of fast fading. It is shown that the optimal linear predictive receiver does not possess an irreducible error rate for a class of Rayleigh fading channels used to model terrestrial mobile channels. >
Price Escalation of Rice in Bangladesh: A Time Series Approach

To meet its overall objective of ensuring food security for all households, the Government of Bangladesh undertakes several activities: it intervenes in markets to stabilize prices, targets food distribution to poor households and provides emergency relief after natural disasters. This paper measures the fluctuation pattern of rice prices over time. Stabilization of rice prices is a serious concern of Bangladesh. In this paper, we attempt to explore two types of temporal variations in rice prices: inter-year (seasonality) and intra-year. The distinction between the two types is important in the context of policy instruments that are brought to bear on prices in order to contain extreme fluctuations. Therefore, issues and relations underlying price fluctuations need to be properly understood before formulating and implementing any policies. The developed model shows a good fit of the data obtained.
Immunohistochemical staining of slit2 in primary and metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND Conflicting roles for Slit2, a protein involved in mediating the processes of cell migration and chemotactic response, have been previously described in prostate cancer. Here we use immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of Slit2 in normal donor prostate (NDP), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), normal tissue adjacent to prostatic adenocarcinoma (NAC), primary prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCa), and metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma (Mets). METHODS Tissue microarrays were immunostained for Slit2. The staining intensities were quantified using automated image analysis software. The data was statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with subsequent Tukey tests for multiple comparisons or a nonparametric equivalent. Eleven cases of NDP, 35 cases of NAC, 15 cases of BPH, 35 cases of HGPIN, 106 cases of PCa, and 37 cases of Mets were analyzed. RESULTS Specimens of PCa and HGPIN had the highest absolute staining for Slit2. Significant differences were seen between PCa and NDP (P < .05), PCa and NAC (P < .05), HGPIN and NDP (P < .05), and HGPIN and NAC (P < .05). Whereas the average Mets staining was not significantly different from NDP or NAC, several individual Mets cases featured intense staining. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this represents the first study comparing the immunohistochemical profiles of Slit2 in PCa and Mets to specimens of HGPIN, BPH, NDP, and NAC. These findings suggest that Slit2 expression can be increased in HGPIN, PCa, and Mets, making it a potentially important biomarker for prostate cancer.
Advanced Methods for Controlling Untethered Magnetic Devices Using Rotating Magnetic Fields

This dissertation presents results documenting advancements on the control of untethered magnetic devices, such as magnetic “microrobots” and magnetically actuated capsule endoscopes, motivated by problems in minimally invasive medicine. This dissertation focuses on applying rotating magnetic fields for magnetic manipulation. The contributions include advancements in the way that helical microswimmers (devices that mimic the propulsion of bacterial flagella) are controlled in the presence of gravitational forces, advancements in ways that groups of untethered magnetic devices can be differentiated and semi-independently controlled, advancements in the way that untethered magnetic device can be controlled with a single rotating permanent magnet, and an improved understanding in the nature of the magnetic force applied to an untethered device by a rotating magnet.
LIVER CONCENTRATIONS OF COPPER, COBALT, AND SELENIUM IN WILD NORWEGIAN RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS)

Liver samples from 245 wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) collected during the licensed hunting season in 2001 from five different locations in western Norway were analyzed for copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and selenium (Se). The associations between these trace elements and geographical location, age group, and sex were studied. The median (and range of) liver concentrations (μg/g wet weight) for all the examined deer were: Cu 20 (1.7–103), Co 0.08 (<0.01–0.18), and Se 0.09 (0.04–1.0). The results indicate a generally low status of Cu and Se. In total, 15 (6%) red deer had deficient Cu levels (<4 μg/g). For all three elements, the liver concentrations showed a significant geographic variation. The geographic difference was most distinct for Cu. The lowest median Cu concentration was found in deer from the island Hitra, where 13% of the animals had deficient Cu levels. Significant differences between age groups were found for all elements, and generally, the adults (≥2.5 yr) had the highest levels. No significant sex differences within the various age groups were found, with three exceptions: female calves and adults had significantly higher Co levels than male deer, and adult males had significantly higher Se levels than adult females. The Cu and Se status of wild red deer in parts of Norway is low; however, the significance of this needs to be explored further.
Patterns and Trends in Racial/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Academic Achievement Gaps

Introduction Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in academic achievement remain a stubborn feature of U.S. schooling. National studies consistently show that the average non-Hispanic black student scores well below the average non-Hispanic white student on standardized tests of math and reading skills, as does the average Hispanic student. Likewise, the average student from a lowincome family scores much lower on such tests than students from higher-income families. Considerable attention has been focused on achievement gaps, particularly the black-white achievement gap. Scholars and educators have suggested a number of possible explanations for the gaps, and policymakers, principals, and teachers have tried a range of remedies. As this chapter documents, however, the gaps persist despite these efforts. Moreover, our understanding of the causes and patterns of these achievement gaps is far from complete.
Torsion estimation of particle paths through porous media observed by in‐situ time‐resolved microtomography

The torsion distribution of cell paths in two‐phase flow of a cell suspension through a porous medium is an important quantity for chromatographic processes. It can be estimated from cell tracking in sequences of three‐dimensional images of a suspension pumped through the medium, where the images are acquired by in‐situ time‐resolved microtomography using synchrotron radiation and inline phase contrast modus. This contribution presents a new method for estimating path torsion from discrete positions, where the estimation is based on an appropriate discretization of the differential‐geometric formula of the torsion of a space curve. Investigations performed for an alcoholic suspension of silica gel particles pumped through a partially open polyurethane foam show that the shape of the inner surface of the foam has a considerable impact on the particle paths. It turns out that the variance of the torsion for slow particle moving close to the surface is a half order of magnitude smaller than that of fast particles, which underlines the importance of torsion for filter efficiency.
Commentary: Research Recommendations for Understanding the Decline of American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) Across Much of North America

Resumen La naturaleza carismatica y la enigmatica disminucion poblacional de Falco sparverius ha provocado el interes y la preocupacion tanto de cientificos (ciudadanos y profesionales) como del publico en general. Aunque se han propuesto diversas razones como causas de esta disminucion, hay poca o nula evidencia empirica para la mayoria de las amenazas hipotetizadas y consecuentemente no existen recomendaciones de gestion apoyadas en evidencia empirica. Presentamos recomendaciones para investigaciones futuras sobre la causa de la disminucion poblacional de F. sparverius. Ademas, sugerimos prioridades para monitorear e identificar los condicionantes de las tasas de supervivencia y reproduccion a traves de modelos demograficos. Investigaciones sobre la fenologia, la conectividad migratoria y el uso de cavidades naturales como nidos mejorarian el seguimiento de F. sparverius y nuestra comprension sobre los declives poblacionales, mientras que estudios demograficos durante el ciclo anual completo de F. sparv.
The effects of benzyl adenine , gibberellic acid and salicylic acid on quality of tulip cut flowers

Tulip is known as an economical important ornamental plant. The present research was conducted based on completely randomized design to evaluate the induced changes in tulip cut flowers caused by the application of benzyl adenine (BA), Giobberellic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA). Tulip cut flowers were treated with different concentrations of SA (0, 50, 100 and 150 mgL -1 ), GA (0, 20, 50 and 150 mgL -1 ) and BA (0, 50, 75, 150 mgL -1 ) in pulse method. Cut flowers were grouped in ten different treatment groups including control (C), BA50, BA75, BA150, GA20, GA50, GA100, SA50, SA100, SA150. The reduction rates of antocyanin contents during experimental days were alleviated by the applied treatments where the best results were found in BA or GA treated flowers. The application of the BA, GA and SA had stimulating effects on the activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme where the highest amounts were observed in GA20, GA50, GA100 and BA50, respectively. In comparison to the control samples, the decreasing rates of relative fresh weight of tulip cut flowers were significantly declined by the applied growth regulators.
Arterial Waveform Analysis for the Anesthesiologist: Past, Present, and Future Concepts

Qualitative arterial waveform analysis has been in existence for millennia; quantitative arterial waveform analysis techniques, which can be traced back to Euler's work in the 18th century, have not been widely used by anesthesiologists and other clinicians. This is likely attributable, in part, to the widespread use of the sphygmomanometer, which allows the practitioner to assess arterial blood pressure without having to develop a sense for the higher-order characteristics of the arterial waveform. The 20-year delay in the development of devices that measure these traits is a testament to the primitiveness of our appreciation for this information. The shape of the peripheral arterial pressure waveform may indeed contain information useful to the anesthesiologist and intensivist. The maximal slope of the peripheral arterial pressure tracing seems to be related to left ventricular contractility, although the relationship may be confounded by other hemodynamic variables. The area under the peripheral arterial pressure tracing is related to stroke volume when loading conditions are stable; this finding has been used in the development of several continuous cardiac output monitors. Pulse wave velocity may be related to vascular impedance and could potentially improve the accuracy of waveform-based stroke volume estimates. Estimates of central arterial pressures (e.g., aortic) can be produced from peripheral (e.g., brachial, radial) tracings using a Generalized Transfer Function, and are incorporated into the algorithms of several continuous cardiac output monitors.
Identification of functional regions of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gD by using linker-insertion mutagenesis

Glycoprotein gD is a component of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) envelope essential for virus entry into susceptible cells. Previous studies using deletion and point mutations identified a functional domain of HSV-1 gD (gD-1) from residues 231 to 244. However, many of the deletion mutations had global effects on gD-1 structure, thus precluding assessment of the functional role of large portions of the protein. In this study, we constructed a large panel of linker-insertion mutants in the genes for gD-1 and HSV-2 gD (gD-2). The object was to create mutations which would have only localized effects on protein structure but might have profound effects on gD function. The mutant proteins were expressed in transiently transfected L cells. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were used as probes of gD structure. We also examined protein aggregation and appearance of the mutant glycoproteins on the transfected cell surface. A complementation assay measured the ability of the mutant proteins to rescue the infectivity of the gD-null virus, FgD beta, in trans. Most of the mutants were recognized by one or more MAbs to discontinuous epitopes, were transported to the transfected cell surface, and rescued FgD beta virus infectivity. However, some mutants which retained structure were unable to complement FgD beta. These mutants were clustered in four regions of gD. Region III (amino acids 222 to 246) overlaps the region previously defined by gD-1 deletion mutants. The others, from 27 through 43 (region I), from 125 through 161 (region II), and from 277 to 310 (region IV), are newly described. Region IV, immediately upstream of the transmembrane anchor sequence, was previously postulated to be part of a putative stalk structure. However, residues 277 to 300 are directly involved in gD function. The linker-insertion mutants were useful for mapping MAb AP7, a previously ungrouped neutralizing MAb, and provided further information concerning other discontinuous epitopes. The mapping data suggest that regions I through IV are physically near each other in the folded structure of gD and may form a single functional domain.
Black Hole Traffic Anomaly Detections in Wireless Sensor Network

With the flourish of Internet of Things, the security issues in wireless sensor network WSN, especially traffic anomaly detections, have attracted researchers' attentions. As a distributed wireless network, WSN is vulnerable to many attacks. In this research, the authors investigate the traffic anomaly detections of a well-known attack, black hole attack, in WSNs. With limited computation capacity, sensor nodes are unable to perform sophisticated detection techniques. Therefore, the authors propose a profile based monitoring approach with a restricted feature set to supervise the network traffic. The proposed profile based monitoring approach contains two components, feature selection and anomaly detection. In order to complement the limited computing capacity of a sensor node, feature selection component will extract features with high contribution or high relevance for future monitoring. The anomaly detection component monitors the selected features and alarms the administrator when an anomaly is detected. Two types of combination are proposed, graphic and non-graphic based models. The graphic based approach seems to surpass the non-graphic based approach, but the graphic based approach takes much longer time to select the important features than non-graphic based approach.
Single versus double intrauterine insemination in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples: a systematic review based on a Cochrane review.

UNLABELLED This paper is based on a Cochrane review published in The Cochrane Library, issue 1, 2003 (see www.update- software.com) with permission from The Cochrane Collaboration and Update Software. Cochrane reviews are regularly updated as new information becomes available and in response to comments and criticisms, and The Cochrane Library should be consulted for the most recent version of the review. BACKGROUND The objective of this review was to determine, from the best available evidence, the difference in outcome using single versus double intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples. METHODS The principles of the Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group were employed. Randomized controlled trials with a parallel design, comparing single versus double IUI in subfertile couples, would be eligible. The main outcome measures included live birth rate and pregnancy rate per couple (and per cycle). RESULTS Three studies involving 386 women were included. The results of pregnancy rate per couple, of two studies showed no significant effect of using double insemination [Peto odds ratio (OR) 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-2.70]. The results of pregnancy rate per cycle of the included studies favoured double insemination, however this is not an eligible outcome measure. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of two trials, double intrauterine insemination showed no significant benefit over single IUI in the treatment of subfertile couples with partner semen. There are no meaningful data to offer advice on the basis of this review. A randomized controlled trial of single versus double IUI is justified.
Voronoi diagram and GIS-based 3D path planning

the integration of terrain following, terrain avoidance, threat avoidance (TF/TA2) is the key technique for aircrafts to achieve low altitude penetration flight. Depending on this technique, survival ability, accuracy and diversity of aerial assault have been greatly improved. In this Paper, the optimal trajectory programming algorithm of TF/TA2 has been improved, and threat avoidance has been studied.