Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3-Bromo-6-nitro-1-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1H-indazole

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C10H8BrN3O2, contains two independent mol­ecules differing primarily in the orientations of the allyl substituents [N—C—C=C torsion angles = −125.4 (16) and 116.0 (16)°]. The crystal packing involves slipped π–π stacking of indazole units, together with weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds. The crystal studied was refined as a two-component twin.
EMG frequency spectral characteristics of inspiratory accessory muscles during the shoulder lifting motion in throwing athletes.

Background: Dysfunctions related to the shoulder joint are very common in throwing athletes, due to the overhead generated in repetitive movements with your arms above your head. In addition, in handball, the movements are of high intensity, which generates a large metabolic demand and high ventilatory demands. Studies show that highest work of the respiratory muscles, coupled with high mechanical requirement in the upper limbs, generates a dual requirement under the inspiratory muscles in these athletes, leading to limitations related to muscle fatigue. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the EMG frequency spectral characteristics (fatigue index) to accessory muscles of inspiration, through the induction of shoulder elevation movement in handball athletes. Method/Design: The sample consisted of 25 male athletes with an average age of 20 years. Fatigue index was measured by surface electromyography (mean and median frequency - Hz), in which the volunteers performed isometric movement of elevation of the shoulders, and after collection, the data were processed off-line on Matlab R2014a software. For statistical analysis used the Shapiro-Wilk test to test the normality of the data, followed by the comparison of data through the Student t test for independent samples. Significant difference was considered for p value <0.05. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the mean and median frequency values for the sternocleidomastoid muscle right compared to the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. Conclusions: We conclude that during isometric movement of shoulder elevation, there was asymmetry in the frequency spectral characteristics of only one accessory muscles of inspiration, presenting asymmetry, and greater fatigue in the sternocleidomastoid muscle dominant side in relation to the non-dominant side.
Rare blood types in the Asia Pacific region

Rare blood types are generally defined as those that occur at a frequency of 1 : 1000 or less. However, some rare blood types have much different frequencies in global regions or specific ethnic groups. This review explores rare blood types in the following categories: rare blood types that lack high‐frequency antigens and where to find them, rare blood types that express low‐frequency antigens, rare blood types with higher or lower frequencies in the Asia Pacific region and rare blood types that are difficult to find in the Asia Pacific region but are provided by the JRC. In addition, the study of rare blood types has revealed clinical correlations with disease states and resistance to infections.
An exploratory case study of students' perceptions of online graduate education

The purpose of this study was to investigate graduate students' perceptions of online education. Online learning has grown tremendously over the past several years and has made learning and teaching opportunities more available to many people throughout the world. As an increased number of higher education institutions use online education as a means of delivering courses and programs, educational researchers have been working tirelessly to uncover and delineate the factors that facilitate and enhance success in online learning. One major factor that researchers (e.g., Perez Cereijo, 2006) have established as a predictor of success is students' perceptions of online learning. Hence, understanding how learners perceive the online learning environment could assist course designers in developing effective online learning experiences. A qualitative, in-depth exploratory case study approach, with limited quantitative data, was used to investigate a group of graduate students' perceptions of an online learning environment of a specific course, the factors which motivate them, and their sense of community in this environment. Data was collected using an online survey, personal interviews, online course interaction observations, and e-mail follow-up questions designed to address the research questions. Results showed evidence that most participants were satisfied with their online experience, and that they were self-regulated and self-motivated learners. The findings also indicated that the lack of social connection may decrease participants' levels of satisfaction of their online learning experience, impact their desire to ask for help from other class members, and lead to a weak sense of being connected in a learning community. The findings also showed that the common concerns in this online learning environment were a sense of social connection and using technology to enhance connection in online learning. Based on the results of the study, the researcher provides the online instructional designers and instructors with some recommendations to engage online learners in active learning communities.
Patent Foramen Ovale and Stroke: Coincident or Real Association?

Stroke is a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Approximate 40% of strokes are cryptogenic, because patent foramen ovale (PFO) is commonly found in the normal population. They are conflicting data from studies examining the association between PFO and stroke. Various factors need to be considered such as atrial anatomic variations (PFO size, atrial septal aneurysm, eustachian valve anatomy), the presence of venous thrombosis, and the presence of hypercoagulable state. The presence of any of these findings increases the chance of PFO contributing to a stroke. Limited information suggests no advantage of warfarin over aspirin in preventing recurrent strokes. Both surgical and transcatheter devices have been shown to decrease the rate of subsequent embolic events substantially. Surgical and percutaneous PFO closures have not been directly compared. However, the percutaneous approach appears to be less invasive and so successful that it seems to be a reasonable consideration for first choice treatment of PFO.
Di-μ2-chloro-bis[(benzyldiphenylphosphine)chloropalladium(II)]

The molecule of the title compound, [Pd2Cl4(C19H17P)2] or [Pd(μ2-Cl)Cl(PPh2Bz)]2, where Bz = CH2Ph, lies on an inversion centre. The Pd atom has a distorted square-planar coordination environment formed by a benzyl­diphenyl­phosphine [Pd—P = 2.2218 (6) A], a terminal chloride [Pd—Cl = 2.2729 (5) A] and two bridging chloride ligands. The Pd—Cl bond in the position trans to the phosphine ligand [Pd—Cl = 2.4123 (5) A] is considerably longer than the Pd—Cl bond in the position trans to the terminal chloride [Pd—Cl = 2.3155 (5) A].
(3-Hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)(4-methylphenyl)methanone

In the title mol­ecule, C13H17NO2, the piperidine ring assumes a chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the mean plane of the piperidine ring and the benzene ring is 45.49 (1)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by O—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds, leading to a mol­ecular chain running along the c-axis direction. The atoms of the hy­droxy piperidine ring and the methyl group of methyl­phenyl ring are disordered over two sets of sites with refined occupancies of 0.754 (5) and 0.246 (5).
{6,6′-Dibromo-4,4′-dichloro-2,2′-[o-phenylenebis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenolato}nickel(II)

In the title complex, [Ni(C20H10Br2Cl2N2O2)], the NiII ion is coordinated by two phenoxy O atoms and two imino N atoms of the tetradentate ligand, forming a slightly distorted square-planar environment. The molecule is essentially planar, with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.088 Å for the mean plane defined by all non-H atoms in the molecule.
Analysis of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of urinary tract infections

Introduction: Non-critical and irrational use of antibiotics is the most important reason for the ever faster development of infectious diseases causative agents’ resistance to those drugs. The aim of this study was to determine the most frequent bacterial causative agents of urinary infections and their resistance to antibiotics. Methods: The study was carried out in the Microbiological Laboratory of the Institutefor Public Health of Canton Sarajevo, during the period of January-March 2007, 2008, and 2009. The identification of the causative agents was conducted with classical biochemical series and the sensitivity test to antimicrobial drugs with the disc-diffusion method. The CLSI protocols that precisely define the kind of antibiogram discs used for particular bacteria were used. Results: The most common causative agents of urinary infections were E scherichia coli , Gr. Klebsiella-Enterobacter , Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas spp. The highest prevalence of the studied infections was at the age of 71-90 years for all four bacterial species. Women are more exposed to E. coli and Proteus mirabilis infections, and men to Pseudomonas spp . infections. The highest resistance of E. coli was to ampicillin and to trimethoprim+sulfomethoxazole, and the least towards cefixime. For Proteus mirabillis , there was significantly more nonresistant strains than resistant ones toall tested antibiotics except to nitrofurantoin. The least was shown in case of cefixime and gentamicin. Gr. Klebsiella-Enterobacter showed generaly high resistance towards all antibiotics, the least to gentamicin. Documented resistance of Pseudomonas spp . to all antibiotics was also very high. Key words: urine culture, antibiotics, antibiogram, sensitivity,resistance
5,5′-Bis[5-(9-decyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)thien-2-yl]-4H,4′H-[3,3′-bi(1,2,6-thiadiazine)]-4,4′-dione

Stille coupling of 5,5′-dichloro-4H,4′H-[3,3′-bi(1,2,6-thiadiazine)]-4,4′-dione (8) with 9-decyl-3-[5-(tributylstannyl)thien-2-yl]-9H-carbazole and Pd(Ph3P)2Cl2 in PhMe, at ca. 110 °C, for 2 h, gave 5,5′-bis[5-(9-decyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)thien-2-yl]-4H,4′H-[3,3′-bi(1,2,6-thiadiazine)]-4,4′-dione (7) in 51% yield. The latter is investigated as an oligomer donor for organic photovoltaics.
Early Parent Training to Prevent Disruptive Behavior Problems and Delinquency in Children

Early forms of disruptive behaviors in children often leading to juvenile delinquency are associated with poor parenting skills. Thus early intervention programs targeting parenting skills may have an important impact on disruptive behaviors in children. The objective of this review was to assess the impact of early parenting and home visitation programs on behavior problems and delinquency in children. Selected trials were identified using electronic databases and relevant reviews. The following selection criteria were used: (1) the intervention involved the provision of parent training to families with a child under age 3, and (2) the design was a randomized or quasi-experimental trial. Overall, of the seven trials identified, only three reported some beneficial effects on disruptive behavior or delinquency. Due to the limited number of adequately designed studies, caution is recommended in the interpretation of available results. Numerous well-designed early prevention experiments specifically targeting disruptive behaviors and delinquency should be initiated.
N-(4-Bromobenzyl)-2-(5,6-dimethyl-1H-benzo[d]imid-azol-2-yl)benzeneamine

N-(4-Bromobenzyl)-2-(5,6-dimethyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzeneamine was obtained by condensation of N-(4-bromobenzyl)-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4-dione (N-(4-bromobenzyl)isatoic anhydride) with 4,5-dimethyl-1,2-phenylenediamine in refluxing acetic acid. This is a rare example of condensation of N-substituted 3,1-benzoxazine-2,4-dione with 1,2-phenylenediamine, which resulted in the formation of a benzimidazole derivative with a moderate yield. Crystallographic studies and initial biological screening were performed for the obtained product.
HbA1c reliability in patients with diabetes on regular hemodialysis before and after erythropoietin therapy

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) treatment on HbA1c levels in diabetic patients on regular hemodialysis and to assess the reliability of HbA1c as a marker for glycemic control in such patients. The study included 41 patients on regular hemodialysis who were EPO naive: 31 with diabetes mellitus and 10 nondiabetic controls. Baseline HBA1c and fasting blood glucose levels were measured and repeated after a 3-month course of EPO. HbA1c decreased significantly after EPO therapy (P =0.01) and was associated with a significant decline in fasting blood glucose levels (P = 0.001), with a significant negative correlation with hemoglobin (r = −0.185, P =0.03). HbA1c showed significant correlation with fasting blood glucose in diabetic patients before EPO therapy (r =0.82, P < 0.0001). This correlation was found to be independent of other laboratory parameters. No correlation was found between HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels after 3 months of EPO treatment. HbA1c is not a reliable marker for glycemic control in hemodialysis patients, especially for those on EPO therapy.
Prior biosphere model impact on global terrestrial CO2 fluxes estimated from OCO-2 retrievals

Abstract. This study assesses the impact of different state of the art global biospheric CO2 flux models, when applied as prior information, on inverse model “top-down” estimates of terrestrial CO2 fluxes obtained when assimilating Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) observations. This is done with a series of observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) using synthetic CO2 column-average dry air mole fraction (XCO2) retrievals sampled at the OCO-2 satellite spatiotemporal frequency. The OSSEs utilized a 4-D variational (4D-Var) assimilation system with the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model (CTM) to estimate CO2 net ecosystem exchange (NEE) fluxes using synthetic OCO-2 observations. The impact of biosphere models in inverse model estimates of NEE is quantified by conducting OSSEs using the NASA-CASA, CASA-GFED, SiB-4, and LPJ models as prior estimates and using NEE from the multi-model ensemble mean of the Multiscale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project as the “truth”. Results show that the assimilation of simulated XCO2 retrievals at OCO-2 observing modes over land results in posterior NEE estimates which generally reproduce “true” NEE globally and over terrestrial TransCom-3 regions that are well-sampled. However, we find larger spread among posterior NEE estimates, when using different prior NEE fluxes, in regions and seasons that have limited OCO-2 observational coverage and a large range in “bottom-up” NEE fluxes. Seasonally averaged posterior NEE estimates had standard deviations (SD) of ∼10 % to ∼50 % of the multi-model-mean NEE for different TransCom-3 land regions with significant NEE fluxes (regions/seasons with a NEE flux ≥0.5 PgC yr−1). On a global average, the seasonally averaged residual impact of the prior model NEE assumption on the posterior NEE spread is ∼10 %–20 % of the posterior NEE mean. Additional OCO-2 OSSE simulations demonstrate that posterior NEE estimates are also sensitive to the assumed prior NEE flux uncertainty statistics, with spread in posterior NEE estimates similar to those when using variable prior model NEE fluxes. In fact, the sensitivity of posterior NEE estimates to prior error statistics was larger than prior flux values in some regions/times in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere where sufficient OCO-2 data were available and large differences between the prior and truth were evident. Overall, even with the availability of spatiotemporally dense OCO-2 data, noticeable residual differences (up to ∼20 %–30 % globally and 50 % regionally) in posterior NEE flux estimates remain that were caused by the choice of prior model flux values and the specification of prior flux uncertainties.
Mining Electronic Healthcare Record Databases to Augment Drug Safety Surveillance

textabstractIt is perhaps a fundamental truth in medicine that there is no intervention – be it a drug, a medical device or a procedure – that is without risks. Even with the most rigorous eff orts in drug approval and regulation, there is not a drug out there that is 100% safe under all conditions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered to be the most stringent approach to determining cause-and-eff ect relationship between an intervention and an outcome, but such trials are rarely designed or powered to detect uncommon or unexpected adverse events.1-4 Once drugs are marketed, they are used in a more diverse group of people, oft en for much longer periods, and sometimes with a wider range of therapeutic indications. While monitoring the risks associated with drug use has come a long way since the thalidomide disaster in the 1960s and the institution of spontaneous reporting systems (SRS), it has become evident that adverse eff ects of drugs may be detected - and acted upon – too late, when millions of persons have already been exposed.5-6 Th ere has been a growing clamor for improving the current passive-reactive paradigm of drug safety surveillance. Prominent issues in the last few years have emphasized the importance of a life-cycle approach to drug safety monitoring and the need to explore new methods to improve surveillance of drugs post-marketing.7-8 It has been posited that electronic healthcare record (EHR) databases represent an important resource for proactive surveillance and can augment existing pharmacovigilance systems. Various public-private initiatives worldwide have been launched, and great investments have been made, to explore the secondary use of EHR for this purpose.9-10 In this thesis, we draw on the experience of the EU-ADR network (Exploring and Understanding Adverse Drug Reactions by Integrative Mining of Clinical Records and Biomedical Knowledge, http://www.euadr-project.org/), a federation of eight EHR databases in four countries in Europe, to demonstrate the feasibility of combining diverse and diff erently structured data and pave the way for large-scale drug safety monitoring. We describe the opportunities and challenges that come with heterogeneity in database structure, with diff erences in language and coding of both drugs and diseases, and with the diversity in the organization of European healthcare systems.
Impact of working status on their lives: a survey of working women at a teaching hospital in Karachi, Pakistan

Objective: To study the impact of working status on the lives of working women. Methodology: A questionnaire based cross sectional survey was conducted at the Family Practice Center, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from July to December 2006. The Questionnaire included data on the demographic profile of the patient and questions in line with study objectives. Ethical requirement including the administration of written informed consent and the provision of confidentiality were ensured. SPSS computer software was used for data analysis. Results: Two hundred working women were interviewed. The mean age was 29.05 years. A majority was married (53.5%) with more than grade XII education (67%). Sixty three (31.5%) women were working due to need and eighty three (41.5%) were finding it difficult to carry out home responsibilities because of it. Extra understanding and support was received from family by 155 (77.5%) and 115 (57.5%) women respectively. One hundred twenty three (61.5%) women felt they did not have enough time for themselves. The status of working women is better than non-working women according to 123 (61.5%) respondents. Financial benefits outweigh other disadvantages according to 105 (52.5%) respondents. Marriage prospects of working women and their children are better than non-working women and their children according to eighty one (40.5%) and eighty (40%) respondents respectively. Confidence in working women is higher than non-working women according to 142 (71%) respondents. Eighty one (40.5%) respondents feel that working women’s financial independence has negative impact on theirs husband’s self esteem.
Synthesis of Some Aryl Ketoxime Derivatives with their in vitro Anti-microbial and Cytotoxic Activity

Benzofuwran derivatives found in several natural compounds and synthesized for various purposes. Due to their molecular structure’s electron behaviors they have several biological activities such as antitumor, cytotoxic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, ant proliferative etc. We synthesized (3-methyl-benzofuran-2-yl) ketoxime derivatives (one of them are new compound) and structure elucidation of the compounds was performed using IR, 1H-NMR, MASS spectroscopy and elemental analysis. X-Ray analysis of H2 compound was elucidated for the first time with this study in the literature. Cytotoxic activity against F2408 and HepG2 cell lines was also evaluated for the first time by MTT and NR uptake methods. Anti-microbial activity of H1, H2 and H3 was also investigated with broth micro dilution test. The results show that these ketoximes have cytotoxic and anti-microbial activity on different higher doses.
Exploring the antidepressant effects of ketamine: Insights from multimodal neuroimaging

Increased amygdala reactivity might lead to negative emotional bias during emotional processing that can be reversed by antidepressant drug treatment. However, little is known how N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism with ketamine as a novel antidepressant drug target might modulate amygdala reactivity to emotional stimulation. Using resting-state (rsfMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we assessed amygdalo-hippocampal reactivity at baseline and during pharmacological stimulation with ketamine (intravenous bolus of 0.12 mg/kg, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.25 mg/kg/h) in 23 healthy subjects that were presented with stimuli from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). We found that ketamine reduced neural reactivity in the bilateral amygdalohippocampal complex during emotional stimulation. Reduced amygdala reactivity to negative pictures was correlated to resting state connectivity to the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex. Interestingly, subjects‘ experienced intensity of psychedelic alterations of consciousness during ketamine infusion predicted the reduction in neural responsivity to negative but not to positive or neutral stimuli. Our findings suggest that the pharmacological modulation of glutamate-responsive cerebral circuits, which is associated with a shift in emotional bias and a reduction of amygdalo-hippocampal reactivity to emotional stimuli, represents an early biomechanism to restore parts of the disrupted neurobehavioral homeostasis in MDD patients.
7-Diethyl­amino-3-[(2Z)-3-(6-meth­oxy-2-naphth­yl)prop-2-eno­yl]-2H-chromen-2-one

The geometric parameters of the title molecule, C27H25NO4, are in the usual ranges. The central C = C double bond is trans configured, with the two C atoms slightly twisted out of the plane of the naphthyl group. The dihedral angle between the two fused ring systems is 40.90 (4)degrees.
2-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-[3,4-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]acrylonitrile

The crystal structure of C27H22N4O2 is characterized by N—H.N hydrogen bonds, which connect the molecules into zigzag chains running along the b-axis direction. The central ring subtends dihedral angles of 17.89 (6)° with the aminophenyl ring and of 8.75 (9) and 28.77 (7)° with the two pyridyl rings.
1-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-5-ferrocenyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole

In the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C15H11N4O4)], the dinitrophenyl and cyclopentadienyl rings make dihedral angles of 53.61 (6) and 23.11 (9)°, respectively, with the pyrazole unit. The two cyclopentadienyl rings are in an eclipsed conformation. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C—H⋯O interactions, which link molecules into chains parallel to the b axis.