Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CysLT1 receptor signaling and the tumor microenvironment in colon cancer models

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancers in the world with increasing number of deaths, despite new therapies and the main cause of CRC death being due to distant metastasis. Inflammatory lipid mediators, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes have been implicated in CRC development. Higher tumor expression of the cysteinyl leukotriene D4 receptor (CysLT1R) has been associated with poorer prognosis in CRC patients. Cancer stem(-like) cells (CSCs) have the ability to self-renew and form tumors. These cells are believed to be resistant to therapy and responsible for cancer relapse. Foxy5, the wingless-type mammary tumor virus integration site 5A (WNT5A) agonist, has been shown to be involved in regulating colon cancer stem cells (CSCs). The present thesis investigated the role of CysLT1R signaling and the tumor microenvironment in models of colon cancer tumorigenesis also considering CICs and CSCs in xenograft mouse models. In the spontaneous colon cancer model, ApcMin/+ mice without a functional CysLT1R (ApcMin/+ CysLT1R-/-) exhibited a reduced tumor burden in the small intestine of female but not male mice compared to ApcMin/+ with functional CysLT1R. In a colitis-associated colon cancer model, female mice without a functional CysLT1R exhibited reduced tumor burden in the colon. Absence of CysLT1R expression resulted in tumors expressing decreased nuclear βcatenin and increased membranous β-catenin, with decreased COX-2 expression. Furthermore, in a xenograft mouse model, HCT-116 cells expressing high enzymatic activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH+) resulted in increased tumor expression of CSCs markers (ALDH and DCLK1) and increased nuclear β-catenin and COX-2, followed by increased tumor infiltration of M2-type macrophages (CD206+). In another xenograft model, Foxy5 (a WNT5A mimicking peptide) treatment was administered to HT29 and Caco2 tumors, which exhibited a decreased expression of CSC markers (ALDH and DCLK1). Foxy5 also reduced the expression of nuclear β-catenin and its downstream target Achaete Scute complex homolog 2, a transcription factor preserving CSCs. Finally, in a metastatic mouse model of colon cancer, mice without a functional CysLT1R exhibited the lowest incidence of liver metastasis followed by wildtype mice treated with montelukast and untreated wildtype mice exhibited the highest metastatic incidence. In a zebrafish model of metastasis LTD4 CysLT1R signaling increased HT29 metastasis, which was inhibited by Montelukast treatment or in HT29 transfected cells (CRISPR-Cas9 CYSLTR1). To conclude, LTD4-CysLT1R signaling and downstream targets promote tumor progression in colon cancer models, while lack of CysLT1R signaling by gene knockout or montelukast inhibition decreases liver metastatic incidence. Furthermore, CSC expression was promoted by LTD4 and PGE2 but inhibited by Foxy5. These results indicate promising therapeutic opportunities by inhibiting CysLT1R signaling and inducing WNT5A signaling by Foxy5.
Further Support for the Crotoneae Phylogeny: A New Species of Brasiliocroton (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Morphological, Geographical, and Molecular Evidence

Abstract Brasiliocroton muricatus is a new species from eastern Brazil that is described, illustrated, and placed in a phylogenetic context. It is only the second known species of Brasiliocroton. Its phylogenetic position was inferred based on sequences from the nrITS and plastid trnL-F markers, using a sampling of closely related genera in tribe Crotoneae. Brasiliocroton muricatus was recovered within tribe Crotoneae, forming a clade with B. mamoninha. This clade is in turn sister to the large genus Croton, giving additional support to previous phylogenetic studies including B. mamoninha. The most obvious morphological characters distinguishing the new species from B. mamoninha are the unisexual, axillary inflorescences and the smaller fruits with muricate surface and white, stellate trichomes, as opposed to bisexual, terminal inflorescences and bigger fruits with smooth surface and ochraceous to brown dendritic trichomes in B. mamoninha. Both species of Brasiliocroton have the filaments of the staminate flowers erect in bud, which is the main character state distinguishing them from the closely related Croton and Astraea. Additional morphological features distinguishing Brasiliocroton and Croton from the rest of tribe Crotoneae are also discussed.
Brazilian chicken meat production chain:a 10-year overview

Brazil is the world's largest broiler meat exporter. Health control, knowledge and technology, as well as the natural aspects of the country are pointed out as the keys for the success of that product in the market. Brazilian broiler production grew significantly in the last decade; it creates jobs and has a significant social role in Brazilian economy. This study aimed at evaluating the Brazilian broiler meat supply chain from 2000 to 2010 using the social network analysis (SNA). Data from governmental and private sources were organized and analyzed. The focus of this study was the broiler production supply chain segment involving the hatchery, the broiler farm, the feed mill, the processing plant, and the government. The inputs considered were one-day-old chicks, pullet, feedstuff, and the infrastructure; and the outputs were broiler meat and taxes paid. The software UCINET was applied for calculating the structural attributes and indicators of the network. Results showed a relatively disorganized network in 2000 with the strongest tie between the farmer and the processing plant. The structural organization of the network improved until 2010. The density of the ties in the broiler meat production network increased steadily from 2000 to 2010 within a vertical cohesive supply chain structure. The success of Brazilian broiler meat production is attributed to the abundance of land, fertile soil, favorable climate, and the effort and investments in research and development by innovative companies in the last few years. The results of the present study showed that Brazilian broiler production evolved positively in the last ten years, and it was weakly influenced by international challenges.
Aging and Post-Intensive Care Syndrome–Family (PICS-F): A Critical Need for Geriatric Psychiatry

Post-intensive care syndrome–family (PICS-F) describes the psychological symptoms that affect the family members of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) or recently discharged from the ICU. Geriatric psychiatrists should be concerned about PICS-F for several reasons. First, ICU hospitalization in older adults is associated with higher rates of cognitive and physical impairment, compared to older adults hospitalized in non-ICU settings or dwelling in the community. This confers a special burden on the caregivers of these older ICU survivors compared to other geriatric populations. Second, as caregivers themselves age, caring for this unique burden can be more challenging compared to other geriatric populations. Third, evidence for models of care centered on patients with multimorbidity and their caregivers is limited. A deeper understanding of how to care for PICS and PICS-F may inform clinical practice for other geriatric populations with multimorbidity and their caregivers. Geriatric psychiatrists may play a key role in delivering coordinated care for PICS-F by facilitating timely diagnosis and interdisciplinary collaboration, advocating for the healthcare needs of family members suffering from PICS-F, and leading efforts within healthcare systems to increase awareness and treatment of PICS-F. This clinical review will appraise the current literature about the impact of critical illness on the family members of ICU survivors and identify crucial gaps in our knowledge about PICS-F among aging patients and caregivers.
Real-Time Speech-To-Text / Text-To-Speech Converter With Automatic Text Summarizer using Natural Language Generation And Abstract Meaning Representation

Due to extensive needs for growth in various sectors, which include software, telecom, healthcare, defence, etc., there is a necessary increase in the number as well as the duration of meetings, conference calls, reconnaissance stakeouts, financial reviews. The obtained reports of these play a significant role in defining the plan of actions. The proposed model is to convert real-time speech to corresponding text and then to its respective summary using Natural Language Grammar (NLG) and Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) graphs and then again turned back the obtained summary to speech. The proposed model intends to achieve the task using two major algorithms, 1) Deep Speech 2, 2) AMR graphs. The speech-recognition model recommended has a speedup of 4x if the algorithm runs on a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the use of particular Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) for running deep learning algorithms can give a speedup of 21x. The performance of the summarizer used is close to the Lead-3-AMR-Baseline model, which is a solid baseline for the CNN/Dailymail dataset. The summarizer we use scores ROGUE score close to the Lead-3- AMR-Baseline model with an accuracy of 99.37%.
The Smart Ampliﬁed Group Environment

SAGE2 is a widely known open-source environment for collaborative immersive analytics on large display walls. This paper brieﬂy outlines our group’s approach to evolving the SAGE2 software to support existing and future collaborative scientiﬁc exploration workﬂows through the application of Artiﬁcial Intelligence in Immersive Analytics.
AN OVERVIEW OF FAUNA AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ORIBATID MITES (ACARI, SARCOPTIFORMES, ORIBATIDA) IN THE MAIN ECOSYSTEM TYPES FROM THE CENTRAL MOLDAVIAN PLATEAU (ROMANIA)

The present study is an overview of the fauna and structure of the oribatid communities in the main types of ecosystems from the Central Moldavian Plateau, in order to highlight the extent to which land use and habitats’ peculiarities are reflected within these edaphic coenoses. Investigations have shown that in forest ecosystems oribatid fauna is richest and most diverse in terms of taxonomy, compared to other types of ecosystems, the variety of trophic resources and the multitude of ecological niches in forest soils explaining these differences. Zoogeographical spectrum analysis of oribatid fauna evidences the growing weight of cosmopolitan species, from forests and plantations to agro-ecosystems and pastures. It was also noted that species with southern distribution are less represented in forest ecosystems, while in the soil of agricultural crops and pastures their share is higher. Regarding the ecological spectrum, it was found that forest species have the highest weight in the natural forests, grassland species in meadows, but also in forest plantations, while the proportion of eurytopic elements is the highest in agro-ecosystems and pastures. Xerophilous and meso-xerophilous species are well represented in the whole fauna, but especially in grassland ecosystems, which indicate that forest preserves a less arid microclimate with lower oscillations of temperature and humidity. Analysis of the edifying species’ distribution in the considered ecosystems, based on their representativity revealed several distinct species groups in terms of preferences to a particular type of habitat, which illustrates the selectivity of oribatids in relation to bio-edaphic conditions and their bio-indicator value.
Computer-aided identification of coelacanths, Latimeria chalumnae, using scale patterns

Abstract Despite coelacanths, Latimeria chalumnae, being listed as either endangered by CITES or critically endangered by the IUCN, their population size within South Africa is unknown and still needs to be estimated. Their conservation status unfortunately excludes the use of conventional tagging to mark individual animals for a possible mark–recapture experiment. This study shows that because coelacanths have a unique spot patterning it is possible to quickly and accurately identify specific individuals photographically using computer-aided identification software. Without any manual intervention by an operator, the software accurately identified between 56 and 92% of the individuals. Indentification success increased to 100% if the operator could also manually select from other potential matching photographs. It was also shown that fish exhibiting a yaw angle not exceeding 60° could be accurately identified in photographs, although the percentage of fish correctly identified without operator-intervention decreased rapidly with increasing yaw angle. Computer-aided identification should therefore facilitate future coelacanth research as it is both efficient and accurate while also reducing potential stress on the animals observed.
Genetic diversity of symbiotic dinoflagellates associated with anthozoans from Korean waters

Anthozoans are important components of the intertidal marine fauna along the coastline of South Korea. Although the systematics of this group have been studied extensively in Korea, the diversity of the symbiotic dinoflagellates associated with these cnidarians is still unexplored. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of symbiotic dinoflagellates associated with anthozoans from three locations within Korean waters. Partial nucleotide sequences of 28S ribosomal DNA genes were used to identify the symbionts extracted from three species of actiniarian (Anthopleura japonica, A. kurogane and Parasicyonis sp.), and two species of scleractinian (Alveopora japonica and Dendrophyllia sp.). At two temperate sites along the southeast coast of mainland Korea we found Symbiodinium in clade A in Anthopleura japonica and A. kurogane. In contrast, at an island under the influence of warm water currents from subtropical areas off the southernmost tip of mainland Korea, we found Symbiodinium in clade A in Anthopleura kurogane and Dendrophyllia sp. , but Symbiodinium in clade C in Parasicyonis sp. and Symbiodinium in clade C or F in Alveopora japonica. This represents the first report of Symbiodinium in clade F in scleractinians, which to date has only been reported in association with foraminiferans. 1 Department of Biology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea. 2 Centre for Marine Studies, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. Email: m.rodriguez@uq.edu. au
Rolling element bearing weak fault diagnosis based on spatial correlation and ALIFD

Vibration signals of rolling element bearings during operation are always very complex, random strongly and broadband. Adaptive Local Iterative Filtering Decomposition (ALIFD) can overcome the smoothness and adaptive flaws of Iterative Filtering Decomposition (IFD), but it is so susceptible to random noise that it’s less effective. Here, spatial correlation was proposed. Firstly, the signal was denoised by spatial correlation and decomposed into several modes by ALIFD. Finally, the envelope demodulation was analyzed to extract fault feature. The simulating signal analysis and bearing fault simulator show that this method can be available for separating different frequencies of bearing fault vibration signals.
Politics by many other means: The comparative strategic advantages of operational domains

ABSTRACT The land, sea, air, space, and cyber domains have distinct operational characteristics. Specialization in the means of using or threatening force is not just a technical issue because choices to use different kinds of military instruments have political consequences. Conventional and nuclear capabilities in these domains have comparative advantages and disadvantages for three general types of strategy – coercion, warfighting, and deception. More complex strategies that cross or combine domains may achieve force-multiplying synergies or create significant trade-offs that affect military and political performance. This article describes the strategic constraints and opportunities posed by specialized force structures.
Risk-quantification of complex systems by matrix-based system reliability method

Many infrastructures are subject to risks that are described as complex “system” events, i.e., logical functions of other “component” events. The complexity of the system event definition, the statistical dependence between the components, and the lack of complete information may prevent accurate and efficient assessment of such system risks. A Matrix-based System Reliability (MSR) method enables us to assess system risks by use of simple matrix calculations. Unlike existing system reliability methods whose complexity highly depends on that of the system event, the MSR method describes any general system event in a simple matrix form and therefore provides a more convenient and uniform framework of handling the system event and estimating its probability. Even in case one has incomplete information on the component probabilities, the matrix-based framework helps obtain the narrowest bounds on the system failure probability by linear programming. This paper presents the MSR method and demonstrates it by numerical examples on the connectivity of a transportation network, the seismic damage of a bridge structure system, and the progressive failure of a truss structure.
A Pragmatic Algorithm for Attack Prevention on Semantic Web Services

In this digital age, semantic Web services have emerged as services that are used in every field. Today various types of services like e-commerce, social networking, and online payment of various services, etc., are used by the user through the Semantic Web. The Semantic Web has emerged as a powerful medium for using online services. The use of semantic Web services greatly simplified the life of the common citizen. The database is used to hoard information related to various services provided by Semantic Web Services. It turns out to be indispensable that when a user communicates with the database then there should not be any interference in it. The expansion of semantic Web services led various assailants to start making various efforts to stop these services. The network assail for instance Man-in-middle or DoS assail has adverse effect on the performance of the Web service. This paper insinuates a principle server of ARP algorithm that uses IP-MAC trussing approach on the network to prevent Man-in-the-middle and DoS assail within a entreaty succumbed to the Web service. Aftermath revelations that after implementing the algorithms, the number of packet loss reduces drastically and enhancing the overall performance of Web service. The staple objective of this paper is how the services bestowed by the Web service can be protected from assailant.
A stepwise‐selected spline approximation to time‐varying parameters, with application to occupancy modelling

Many population dynamics models and common software packages, including for capture–mark–recapture, occupancy and catch‐at‐age models, are estimable using parameters that are either constant for all years or vary annually. We develop a spline approximation to time‐varying parameters, which includes the constant or annually varying case as two extremes, where the Akaike Information Criterion is used to select an appropriate degree of smoothness, ranging from change in every year to no change at all. Simulation modelling is used to evaluate the performance of this method relative to constant, annually varying, or random‐effect parameter estimates when applied to an occupancy model that simultaneously estimates abundance and detectability in multiple sampling strata. We also demonstrate this method by approximating time‐varying abundance using 25 years of detection/non‐detection data for 42 Chondrichthyes species off northern Australia. Simulation modelling indicates that the stepwise‐spline approximation results in lower estimation errors for the proportion of abundance in each stratum, regardless of sample sizes, the underlying form for time‐varying abundance and the inclusion of unmodelled process errors. Applied to the Chondrichthyes data from northern Australia, the spline approximation identifies temporal variability in abundance for 34 of 42 species, and an annually varying model is never selected. We recommend this stepwise‐spline approximation in cases where a decision is necessary between constant or annually varying forms for an estimated parameter. Possible applications include occupancy, capture–mark–recapture, catch‐at‐age and index standardization models.
A New Method for Determining Digestible Reactive Lysine in Foods

The study aimed to develop a bioassay for determining digestible reactive lysine in processed feedstuffs. The approach combines the determination of reactive lysine (guanidination method) in diets and digesta with a true ileal lysine digestibility assay. Using optimized reaction conditions, reactive lysine was determined in unheated casein and heated lactose/casein using both guanidination and FDNB methods. Similar values were obtained with both methods (0.53 and 0.32 mmol (g of casein)-1 for casein and heated lactose/casein, respectively). Conventional lysine analysis overestimated (0.38 mmol g-1) the reactive lysine in the heated mixture. The true ileal lysine digestibility in casein was 98.8%. The corresponding value in the heated lactose/casein was 70.5%, whereas the true ileal reactive lysine digestibility was 85.9%. The traditional approach to determining the digestible lysine in processed foods appears to considerably underestimate lysine digestibility. The new method, which allows determination of.
An Evaluation of the Financial Cost-Benefit Analysis and Acbr of Obesity Treatment in the Bamenda Municipality

According to the WHO report of 2014, 5 people die every minute and 7,671 persons die each day from obesity related complications in the world [36]. Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risks for global deaths. In June 2013, the American Medical Association recognized obesity as an epidemic. In Cameroon, the prevalence in 2014 stood at 9.6%, second highest in CEMAC after Gabon 15% (WHO 2014). Following this background, the main objective of this paper is to assess the financial cost and benefits and the Average Cost-Benefit Ratio (ACBR) of obesity treatment in the Bamenda Municipality. Specifically, this paper compares the cost and benefit of obesity treatment and calculates the average cost-benefit Ratio of obesity treatment. To ascertain this objective, use is made of exploratory, descriptive and primary and secondary data is employed. Primary data was collected from 100 hypertensive and 100 diabetes individuals age 20 and above from the Bamenda general hospital. Used was also made of information collected during a six month participatory observation at 2 separate gyms. Secondary data was gotten from WHO and National Cancer Institute. Results show a yearly cost of obesity treatment of 492,000 and a yearly benefit of obesity treatment of 6,677,250 giving a net benefit of 6,185,250fcfa for treating obesity annually. The results also give an ACBR of 0.07 indicating a weight loss project is worthwhile. From the findings we recommend a massive sensitization on the consequences of obesity and the creation of an obesity rehabilitation centre for those who lack motivation and discipline needed to treat obesity.