Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TEACHERS’ ENGAGEMENT WITH WORK AND THEIR PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING

A number of studies are focusing on interrelations that exist between teachers’ subjective well-being and financial well-being, occupational stress and other factors that influence teachers’ happiness at work. The aim of this study is to explore the factors influencing teachers’ psychological well-being. This involves teachers’ engagement with their professional development. Psychological well-being is conceptualized as a psychological state of mind of teachers in balancing expectations and ability to meet those requirements, a desire for a mindful and meaningful involvement with their work, as well as resilience and competency to deal with the challenging requirements at the workplace. Teachers’ well-being and happiness at work positively influences their performance and a well-being of pupils as well. As a rule, teachers’ profession is associated with high stress, heavy workload, high demands on management in the classroom, high demands on pupils’ academic achievements, and the additional pressure placed on teachers’ engagement with further education. The authors carried out a questionnaire among the teachers from Latvia (n=247). They filled in a questionnaire on a voluntary basis about their subjective well-being in relations to their involvement with the pedagogical work. The authors explored correlation between teachers’ engagement with the research, their educational level, involvement in administrative work, teachers’ personal growth, their view on pupils as open systems and their well-being. It was concluded that all teachers who took part in this study is a relatively homogenous group. Considering their diverse experience of work, educational level and involvement with the scientific and administrative work, their psychological wellbeing can be evaluated higher as average.
Industrial Application of Chitosan as Promising Material for Wastewater Purification: A Review

The rapid growth of the industry is giving positive effects for humans by providing daily needs and supporting economic development. However, the industrial process also releases pollution to the environment, which can cause water scarcity, biodiversity loss, and climate change. Removing these pollutants from various industrial wastes is a requirement for ensuring proper water quality for human consumption, agricultural use, and environmental safety. This work aims to explain the use of natural resources as a source of valuable compounds that can be used in wastewater treatment, particularly in Indonesia, by adopting a literature study method reviewing both national and international references. Chitosan is an effective bio-absorbent pollutant because of its high level of deacetylation and free amino groups, making it polycationic which is capable of being bound to metals, proteins, and dyes. Chitosan membranes can be applied only with chitosan material and composites: chitosan-Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), chitosan-Poly Vinyl Alcohol, chitosan-biosilica, chitosan-PVA-silica, chitosan-alginate, chitosan-cellulose, and chitosan-silica. Chitosan has the ability as a coagulant and reducing water turbidity. Chitosan can absorb metal ion (Cr (VI), Cs+, Pb(II), Fe, Cu(II)), dyes (anthraquinone dyes, brilliant blue, yellow dye, methylene blue, disperse orange, disperse blue, rhodamine B), drug residue, and hazardous materials, and can be used as raw material or in a film form. Since there is a high abundance of chitosan raw material in Indonesia, it is supposed to be able to support the application of chitosan as a natural purifying agent considering its high ability to absorb heavy metal and some dangerous materials.
Public Preference Analysis and Social Benefits Evaluation of River Basin Ecological Restoration: Application of the Choice Experiments for the Shiyang River, China

Revealing public preferences regarding the ecological restoration of a river basin and evaluating the associated social benefits provide important references for the development of related policies. Taking the Shiyang River Basin as an example, this study quantified and analyzed the difference in public preferences regarding the ecological restoration of the river basin by the choice experiments method and the random parameters logit (RPL) model. It also evaluated the social benefits of river basin ecological restoration. The results showed that (1) The residents all hoped to improve the ecological environment of the Shiyang River Basin and were willing to bear certain restoration costs. (2) There were significant differences in public preferences for ecological restoration of the river basin. These differences existed between the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the river and between urban and rural residents. (3) The average annual cost of ecological restoration that the basin residents were willing to pay was between 505.833 ∼ 948.571 RMB yuan, and the total annual benefits of ecological restoration were 381.2 million RMB yuan. Based on these conclusions, the following recommendations were made. First, future ecological and environmental policies should be further combined with public preferences; and even cross-regional ecological compensation can be introduced to balance the interests of different social groups, to win public support. Second, increased water-saving technology in industries and agriculture, residents’ awareness of water conservation, and the management of water pollution measures should be promoted in order to improve the ecological environment of the river basin. Third, the budget for the ecological restoration of the Shiyang River Basin should be 381.2 million yuan per year. Costs should be controlled while meeting the restoration goals.
High Enzymatic Recovery and Purification of Xylooligosaccharides from Empty Fruit Bunch via Nanofiltration

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are attracting an ever-increasing amount of interest for use as food prebiotics. In this study, we used efficient membrane separation technology to convert lignocellulosic materials into a renewable source of XOS. This study revealed a dual function of nanofiltration membranes by first achieving a high yield of xylobiose (a main component of XOS) from alkali-pretreated empty fruit bunch (EFB) hydrolysate, and then by achieving a high degree of separation for xylose as a monosaccharide product. Alkali pretreatment could increase the xylan content retention of raw EFB from 23.4% to 26.9%, which eventually contributed to higher yields of both xylobiose and xylose. Nanofiltration increased the total amount of XYN10Ks_480 endoxylanase produced from recombinant Streptomyces lividans 1326 without altering its specific activity. Concentrated XYN10Ks_480 endoxylanase was applied to the recovery of both xylobiose and xylose from alkali-pretreated EFB hydrolysate. Xylobiose and xylose yields reached 41.1% and 17.3%, respectively, and when unconcentrated XYN10Ks_480 endoxylanase was applied, those yields reached 35.1% and 8.3%, respectively. The last step in nanofiltration was to separate xylobiose over xylose, and 41.3 g.L−1 xylobiose (90.1% purity over xylose) was achieved. This nanofiltration method should shorten the processes used to obtain XOS as a high-value end product from lignocellulosic biomass.
How Should Green Messages Be Framed: Single or Double?

Researchers and marketers have been showing more interest in the areas of green product attributes. They found that consumers usually associate low quality with green products. Little is known about how to design a green message and how to present product attributes in the advertisement. The objective of this study is to examine the different impacts of message content (single vs. double message) and message order (green message presented first vs. later) on green brand attitude in green advertisement, and its moderating effects by its central and peripheral attributes. Two 2 × 2 experimental between-subjects designs were utilized to test the hypotheses. The results of Study 1 indicate that after consumers watched the double-message advertisement, they formed a significantly more positive green brand attitude toward the product compared to watching a single-message advertisement. The product attributes demonstrated their moderating effects on the above result. The central attribute expanded the difference between the double message and single message, but the peripheral attribute diluted the double-message effect. Study 2 examined the order effect in the double-message advertisement, and we found that presenting the green message first instead of later was the most effective method to persuade consumers. However, this effect was only significant when the green attribute of the product is the central attribute. The peripheral attribute would decrease the order effect in the double-message format. Implications and recommendations for future research are provided at the end of this paper.
HYFII: HYbrid Fault Injection Infrastructure for Accurate Runtime System Failure Analysis

In this article, we propose an efficient circuit reliability analysis infrastructure utilizing on-demand transistor-accurate fault injection based on workload-specific distributional properties. A novel two-phase approach is developed to achieve circuit-level accuracy, via careful transistor-level precharacterization, and gate-level efficiency, via fast runtime fault generation. A time-consuming circuit characterization is performed once, and the result of the precharacterization is used multiple times at runtime to inject faults. Also, novel fault probability estimation and fault injection methods are developed. Fault probabilities are computed based on workload-specific voltage/temperature distribution, and faults are injected efficiently by scaling the computed fault probabilities. We demonstrate the proposed methodology on an OpenSPARC core targeting an implementation on a 32-nm technology node. Analysis indicates that the injector computes the system failure rate with 0.1-ms simulation overhead per injection while having circuit-level accuracy.
Density dependence and stochastic variation in a newly established population of a small songbird

Models describing fluctuations in population size should include both density dependence and stochastic effects. We examine the relative contribution of variation in parameters of the expected dynamics as well as demographic and environmental stochasticity to fluctuations in a population of a small passerine bird, the pied flycatcher, that was newly established in a Dutch study area. Using the theta-logistic model of density regulation, we demonstrate that the estimated quasi-stationary distribution including demographic stochasticity is close to the stationary distribution ignoring demographic stochasticity, indicating a long expected time to extinction. We also show that the variance in the estimated quasi-stationary distribution is especially sensitive to variation in the density regulation function. Reliable population projections must therefore account for uncertainties in parameter estimates which we do by using the population prediction interval (PPI). After 2 years the width of the 90% PPI was already larger than the corresponding estimated range of variation in the quasi-stationary distribution. More precise prediction of future population size than can be derived from the quasi-stationary distribution could only be made for a time span less than about five years.
Textual-Visual Reference-Aware Attention Network for Visual Dialog

Visual dialog is a challenging task in multimedia understanding, which requires the dialog agent to answer a series of questions that are based on an input image. The critical issue to produce an exact answer is how to model the mutual semantic interaction among feature representations of the image, question-answer history, and current question. In this study, we propose a textual-visual Reference-Aware Attention Network (RAA-Net), which aims to effectively fuse <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (question), <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (history), <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{l}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (local vision), and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (global vision) to infer the exact answer. In the multimodal feature flows, RAA-Net first learns the textual context through multi-head attention between <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and then guides the textual reference semantics to the image to capture visual reference semantics by self- and cross- reference-aware attention in and between <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{l}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In the proposed RAA-Net, we exploit the two-stage (intra- and inter-) visual reasoning mechanism on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{l}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Extensive experiments on the VisDial v0.9 and v1.0 datasets show that RAA-Net achieves state-of-the-art performance. Visualization results on both visual and textual attention maps further validate the remarkable interpretability achieved by our solution.
Evaluation of the mechanism of cordyceps polysaccharide action on rat acute liver failure

Introduction This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of cordyceps polysaccharide on rat acute liver failure (ALF). Material and methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into five groups: a normal group, a model group without cordyceps polysaccharide and groups with cordyceps polysaccharide in three different doses (5, 10 and 20 mg/ml). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TBIL) contents were measured for assessing liver function. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used for observing liver pathology. Apoptosis was detected through the method of terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Protein expression levels of caspase-1, interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in liver tissue were detected by Western blot. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and signal regulatory protein-α1 (SIRPα1) contents were measured by PCR. Results The rat ALF model was established with D-galactosamine induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After modelling, tissue HE staining showed typical manifestation of acute liver injury that emerged in the rat ALF model. The liver failure group showed higher levels of serum ALT and AST, as well as hepatocyte apoptosis, than the groups treated with cordyceps polysaccharide. Cordyceps polysaccharide can effectively suppress the protein expression of caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-10, while simultaneously increasing the protein expression of VEGF and SDF-1α, as well as the mRNA expression of PCNA and SIRPα1. Conclusions Cordyceps polysaccharide can alleviate the immune response and inflammatory injury in ALF by regulating the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors and reducing the apoptosis.
Boreal-forest soil chemistry drives soil organic carbon bioreactivity along a 314-year fire chronosequence

Abstract. Following a wildfire, organic carbon (C) accumulates in boreal-forest soils. The long-term patterns of accumulation as well as the mechanisms responsible for continuous soil C stabilization or sequestration are poorly known. We evaluated post-fire C stock changes in functional reservoirs (bioreactive and recalcitrant) using the proportion of C mineralized in CO2 by microbes in a long-term lab incubation, as well as the proportion of C resistant to acid hydrolysis. We found that all soil C pools increased linearly with the time since fire. The bioreactive and acid-insoluble soil C pools increased at a rate of 0.02 and 0.12 MgC ha−1 yr−1, respectively, and their proportions relative to total soil C stock remained constant with the time since fire (8 % and 46 %, respectively). We quantified direct and indirect causal relationships among variables and C bioreactivity to disentangle the relative contribution of climate, moss dominance, soil particle size distribution and soil chemical properties (pH, exchangeable manganese and aluminum, and metal oxides) to the variation structure of in vitro soil C bioreactivity. Our analyses showed that the chemical properties of podzolic soils that characterize the study area were the best predictors of soil C bioreactivity. For the O layer, pH and exchangeable manganese were the most important (model-averaged estimator for both of 0.34) factors directly related to soil organic C bioreactivity, followed by the time since fire (0.24), moss dominance (0.08), and climate and texture (0 for both). For the mineral soil, exchangeable aluminum was the most important factor (model-averaged estimator of −0.32), followed by metal oxide (−0.27), pH (−0.25), the time since fire (0.05), climate and texture (∼0 for both). Of the four climate factors examined in this study (i.e., mean annual temperature, growing degree-days above 5 ∘C, mean annual precipitation and water balance) only those related to water availability – and not to temperature – had an indirect effect (O layer) or a marginal indirect effect (mineral soil) on soil C bioreactivity. Given that predictions of the impact of climate change on soil C balance are strongly linked to the size and the bioreactivity of soil C pools, our study stresses the need to include the direct effects of soil chemistry and the indirect effects of climate and soil texture on soil organic matter decomposition in Earth system models to forecast the response of boreal soils to global warming.
Impact of Climate Change on Water Requirements and The Productivity on Potato Crop

Two field trials were carried out during the two consecutive seasons,of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, at the Experimental Farm of Arid Land Agricultural graduate studies and Research Institute (ALARI), Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University in Shubra el-Khaimah, Qalyubiah Governorate. The aim of the current investigation was to study the impact of three planting dates (18-Dec, 7-Jan and 27-Jan), three irrigation levels at 60, 80 and 100% of irrigation water requirements (IR) and their interaction on potato crop productivity. 9 treatments were obtained by combination of different planting dates and irrigation levels. Planting dates were arranged as the main plots, while, irrigation levels were arranged in the sub plots, The obtained results indicated that the highest tuber yield was obtained by the first planting date (18 Dec.) during both studied seasons, While, The highest plant growth parameters and tuber yield per plant were obtained by 100% followed by 80% irrigation level during both seasons. However, the interaction effectindicated that first planting date (18-Dec) combined with 100 % irrigation level gave the highest potato tuber productivity than the other treatments, whereas the interaction of first planting date )18-Dec) combined with 80% irrigation level gave the best for water use efficiency compared to the other treatments during both tested seasons.
Teachers’ knowledge of children’s mathematical development

This research was conducted due to the importance value of mathematics for early childhood and the fact some researches showed the early childhood education (ECE) teachers' low level of basic mathematical knowledge, especially the one related to childhood developmental stages. The participants of this research were 35 ECE teachers from one of the cities in West Java province with teaching experience approximately ten years. In this research, 30 minutes was given to the participants to solve 20 questions, which tested teachers' knowledge related to verbal counting sequence, counting, the ordinal number of words, addition/subtraction, divisions of sets, written number symbols, and words. Besides, the interview was conducted to get more in-depth information from the participants. The quantitative descriptive analysis was used to identify the frequency, percentage, mean value, and standard deviation. The result of the research showed that ECE teachers had limited knowledge of children's mathematical development. It was revealed by the result of the mean value of the teachers’ responses, which were only 33% correct answers and 16% no idea answers. This result can become input for the stakeholders to hold a professional development program which aims to increase the quality of ECE teachers related to mathematical development activity.
Investigation of The Efficacy of Kinesiological Banding in Pregnancy-Related Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebelikle ilişkili karpal tünel sendromunda kinezyolojik bantlamanın semptomlar üzerine etkisinin araştırılması planlandı. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya karpal tünel sendromu nedeniyle Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Kliniğine başvuran ve elektromiyografi ile karpal tünel sendromu tanısı alan , kayıtlarında visuel ağrı skoru, Kısa Form-36, Boston Karpal Tünel Anketi ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi değerlerine başvuru ve takip esnasında eksiksiz ulaşılabilen hastalar dahil edildi. Bulgular: Her iki grupta da ilk visuel ağrı skoru gündüz-gece ve son visuel ağrı skoru gündüz-gece ve ilk ve son Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi arasında anlamlı fark saptandı (p<0,05). Her iki grupta da Boston Semptom Şiddeti Skalasında anlamlı düzelme saptanırken, Boston Fonksiyonel Kapasite Skalasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada ise kinezyolojik bantlama uygulanan hastalarda visuel ağrı skoru gündüz, Kısa Form-36 ağrı parametresi ve Boston Semptom Şiddeti Skalasındaki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda kinezyolojik bantlamanın el-el bilek istirahat splintine üstünlüğü net olarak gösterilememesine rağmen ağrı ve semptomlarda azalma ve uyku kalitesinde artış gözlenmiştir. Gebelikte tedavi seçeneklerinin az olması nedeniyle istirahat splintine yanıt alınamayan hastalarda kinezyolojik bantlama aklımızda bulunmalıdır.
Morphological Synthesis and workspace design for a parallel manipulator with linear actuators

This paper addresses the kinematic structure and workspace analysis of a parallel manipulator with linear actuators considering two studies.The first one was based on a morphological synthesis in which a kinematic connections approach was implemented. The set of combinations of joints and links for the desired system and their linkage are illustrated. Finally, the development regarding the conceivable morphologyis detailed, providing three linear degrees of freedom between the mobile and fixed platforms. The second study presented the dimensional synthesis of the manipulator, considering a workspace required and an input transmission index. The geometrical design was based on the maximum inscribed workspace volume; the cylindrical shape radius inscribed on a workspace intersection is also exemplified. The geometric determination of the workspace for the manipulator was demonstrated using computer-aided design. A design result of the Delta as checked with the stiffness and condition indices.