Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diabetes induces changes in melatonin concentrations in peripheral tissues of rat.

OBJECTIVE Exogenous melatonin was found to protect target organs under conditions of diabetes mellitus, however, concentrations of the hormone in peripheral tissues have not been determined. Therefore the aim of the present study was to measure the daily profile of melatonin levels in the pineal gland, plasma, pancreas, kidney, spleen, duodenum and colon of control and diabetic rats. MATERIAL & METHODS Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg of body weight) and samples were collected over a 24 hr cycle on day 17 after STZ treatment. Melatonin and corticosterone levels were measured directly in plasma and after extraction in the pineal gland and peripheral organs (pancreas, kidney, spleen, duodenum and colon). RESULTS A significant daily rhythm of melatonin concentrations was found not only in the pineal gland and plasma but also in the pancreas, kidney, spleen and duodenum. The daily pattern of melatonin levels in the colon was arrhythmic without a characteristic night-time increase of hormone concentration. Experimentally induced diabetes resulted in lower melatonin levels in the pancreas, kidney and duodenum as compared to control. No differences between STZ-treated and control rats were found in the spleen and colon. Plasma corticosterone levels were enhanced in diabetic rats in comparison with controls and the daily profile was not rhythmic. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the lower amplitude of melatonin rhythm in target organs induced by experimental diabetes can contribute to desynchronization of daily rhythms and can lower the antioxidative capacity of tissues.
Principles of supervision.

Reading is a hobby to open the knowledge windows. Besides, it can provide the inspiration and spirit to face this life. By this way, concomitant with the technology development, many companies serve the e-book or book in soft file. The system of this book of course will be much easier. No worry to forget bringing the principles of supervision book. You can open the device and get the book by on-line.
Progress in the development of a diagnostic test for lung cancer through the analysis of breath volatiles

In this paper I will describe some of the challenges faced in the management of lung cancer. I will describe the rationale for studying breath testing for volatile organic compounds as a diagnostic test for lung cancer, and outline the evidence that suggests the potential of this line of investigation. I will conclude by speculating about the progress that needs to occur for breath testing to become clinically useful, capable of meeting some of the challenges of this major public health problem.
Soil handling methods should be selected based on research questions and goals.

A response to Reinhart & Rinella (2016) and Rinella & Reinhart (2017) ‘A common soil handling technique can generate incorrect estimates of soil biota effects on plants’ and ‘Mixing soil samples across experi- mental units ignores uncertainty and generates incorrect estimates of soil biota effects on plants’
CAUSES OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY IN KOREDEGAGA PEASANT ASSOCIATION, OROMIYA ZONE, ETHIOPIA

Abstract The main objective of the study was to examine the determinants of households' food security using a logistic regression procedure. The model was initially fitted with eleven factors, of which six were found to be significant, and all exhibited the expected signs. These include farmland size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result was analyzed further to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant determinant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational levels of household heads lead to relatively greater probability of food security. On the other hand, simulations were conducted on the basis of the base category of farmers, representing food secure households, revealed that both educational levels of household heads and fertilizer application by farmers have relatively high potential to more than double the number of food secure households in the study area following improvements in these factors.
Cludoop: An Efficient Distributed Density-Based Clustering for Big Data Using Hadoop

Density-based clustering for big data is critical for many modern applications ranging from Internet data processing to massive-scale moving object management. This paper proposes Cludoop algorithm, an efficient distributed density-based clustering for big data using Hadoop. First, we propose a serial clustering algorithm CluC by leveraging cell partition optimization and c-cluster to fast find clusters. CluC completes classification of the points using the relationships of connected cells around points instead of expensive completed neighbor query, which significantly reduce the number of distance calculations. Second, we propose the Cludoop, which can efficiently cluster very-large-scale data in parallel using already existing data partition on Map/Reduce platform. It employs the proposed serial clustering CluC as a plugged-in clustering on parallel mapper, along with a cell description instead of completed cell in transmission to reduce both network and I/O costs. Guided by proposed cell-based principles, we also design a Merging-Refinement-Merging 3-step framework to merge c-clusters on the overlay of assigned preclustering result on reducer. Finally, our comprehensive experimental evaluation on 10 network-connected commercial PCs, using both huge-volume real and synthetic data, demonstrates (1) the effectiveness of our algorithm in finding correct clusters with arbitrary shape and (2) the fact that our proposed algorithm exhibits better scalability and efficiency than state-of-the-art method.
Comparison of dried milk preparations for babies on sale in 7 European countries

Four vitamins of the B-complex—thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B6, and folate—were measured in 30 dried milk preparations for babies, representing products of manufacturers in 7 European countries. 7 of the preparations were also assayed for vitamin E. The milks varied widely in their B-vitamin composition. The content of riboflavin ranged from 2·8 to 11·2 μg/g, thiamin from 2·8 to 13·0, vitamin B6 from 1·5 to 12·7, and folate from 0·03 to 1·12. Compared on a basis of equal solids content, all the preparations were considerably richer than mature human milk in thiamin and vitamin B6, and most were similar to human milk in their content of riboflavin, though a few were markedly higher. With folate the findings were less reassuring. In 3 of the products the content was close to that in goat's milk, which may cause folate-deficiency anaemia in infants. In a further 8 the content was less than 60% of that in human milk. The 7 products tested showed marked differences in vitamin E content. In 4, which contained cow's milk fat only, the vitamin E content was 0·70-0·83 mg α-tocopherol equivalents/100 g as against 2·33 mg/100 g solids in human milk. The remaining 3 products contained vegetable oils and were considerably richer, with 4·77-10·21 mg/100 g.
Characterization of a targeted nanoparticle functionalized with a urea-based inhibitor of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)

Polymeric nanoparticles represent a form of targeted therapy due to their ability to passively accumulate within the tumor interstitium via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. We used a combined approach to decorate the surface of a nanoparticle with a urea-based small-molecule peptidomimetic inhibitor of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). PSMA is expressed by normal and malignant prostate epithelial cells and by the neovasculature of almost all solid tumors. This strategy takes advantage of both the avidity of the functionalized nanoparticle for binding to PSMA and the ability of the nanoparticle to be retained for longer periods of time in the tumor due to enhanced leakage via EPR into the tumor interstitium. As an initial step to introducing the targeting moiety, the amino terminus of the small-molecule PSMA inhibitor was conjugated to PEG (Mn 3400) bearing an activated carboxyl group to obtain a PEGylated inhibitor. Studies undertaken using a radiolabeled PSMA-substrate based assay established that the PEGylated inhibitor had an IC50 value similar to the uncomplexed inhibitor. Subsequently, nanoparticles loaded with docetaxel were formulated using a mixture of poly(lactide-β-ethylene glycol-β-lactide) and PSMA-inhibitor bound α-amino-ω-hydroxy terminated poly(ethylene glycol-β-ε-caprolactone). In vitro studies using these nanoparticles demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against PSMA-producing cells. Binding of fluorescently labeled PSMA-targeted particles to PSMA-producing cells has also been directly observed using fluorescence microscopy and observed in secondary fashion using a PSMA substrate based enzyme inhibition assay. Ongoing in vivo studies address the localization, activity and toxicity of these targeted nanoparticles against PSMA-producing human prostate tumor xenografts.
Application of regularized ranking and collaborative filtering in predictive alarm algorithm for nocturnal hypoglycemia prevention

In this paper we propose a predictive alarm ranking algorithm for prevention of nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH) in patients with insulin-treated diabetes. We adapt collaborative filtering method for prognosis of risk of NH occurrence in diabetic patients. We illustrate the proposed algorithm and test it to quantify its accuracy with medical records obtained within the framework of the European FP7-funded project DIAdvisor. Results show that the algorithm with proper ranking and preprocessed data outperforms well-known NH-prediction approaches in terms of sensitivity, specificity and Fl-score.
Improved bisector clustering of uncertain data using SDSA method on parallel processors

Razvrstavanje podataka s nesigurnoscu pomocu poboljsane simetralne metode i SDSA metode Izvorni znanstveni rad Razvrstavanje podataka s nesigurnoscu je vrlo istraživano podrucje. Ovaj rad posvecen je razvrstavanju objekata koji imaju nesigurnost 2D položaja uzrokovanog gibanjem objekata. Položaj pokretnog objekta izvjestava se periodicki, i stoga položaj objekta sadrži nesigurnost i opisan je funkcijom gustoce razdiobe (PDF). Podaci o takvim objektima i njihovim položajima cuvaju se u distribuiranim bazama podataka. Broj objekata s nesigurnoscu može biti jako velik i dobivanje kvalitetnog rezultata u razumnom vremenu je zahtijevan zadatak. Najjednostavnija metoda za razvrstavanje je UK-means, u kojoj se racunaju sve ocekivane udaljenosti (ED) od objekata do sredista grozdova. Stoga je UK-means nedjelotvorna metoda. Kako bi se izbjeglo racunanje ocekivanih udaljenosti predstavljene su brojne metode za odbacivanje. U radu je dan pregled postojecih metoda i predložena kombinacija dviju metoda. Prva metoda je nazvana podjela podrucja skupa podataka (SDSA) i kombinirana je s poboljsanom simetralnom metodom kako bi se skratilo vrijeme razvrstavanja podataka s nesigurnoscu. Pomocu SDSA metode podrucje skupa podataka je podijeljeno na mala pravokutna podrucja i promatraju se samo objekti koji se nalaze u tom podrucju. Koristeci mala pravokutna podrucja nudi se mogucnost za paralelno procesiranje, jer su podrucja međusobno neovisna i mogu se racunati na razlicitim jezgrama procesora. Provedeni su pokusi kako bi se pokazala uspjesnost nove kombinirane metode. Kljucne rijeci: ocekivana udaljenost, podaci s nesigurnoscu, paralelno procesiranje, razvrstavanje, rudarenje podataka
Performance of power electronic interfaced DERs integrated with communication network

In this paper, the performance of power electronic interfaced distributed energy resources (DERs) operating with communication network is investigated. The application of power electronic interface is required, for system operation and control while achieving a stable system with high power quality. In a smart grid scenario, due to the dependency of data acquisition, protection and control, an integrated communication is essential, to improve the system reliability and efficiency. The integrated communication will create a dynamic and real time information exchange. This information are used to operate many intelligent electronic interfaces. The reference signals of the power electronic devices are largely based on those communicated measurements and information. Depending on the communication technology, these measurements can vary in quality, update rate, sensitivity and noise. This paper investigates the performance of the distributed resources operating with power electronic interfaces and communicated measurements. Close loop simulation of the power network and communication network is carried out with SIMPOWER and TRUETIME respectively.
A Metadata-Enabled Scientific Discourse Platform

Scientific papers and scientific conferences are still, despite the emergence of several new dissemination technologies, the de-facto standard in which scientific knowledge is consumed and discussed. While there is no shortage of services and platforms that aid this process (e.g. scholarly search engines, websites, blogs, conference management programs), a widely accepted platform used to capture and enrich the interactions of research community has yet to appear. As such, we aim to create new ways for the members and interested people working in research communities to interact; before, during and after their conferences. Furthermore, to serve as a base to these interactions, we want not only to obtain, format and manage a body of legacy and new papers related to this community but also to aggregate several useful information and services to the environment of a discourse platform.
A Review of Harmonics Detection and Measurement in Power System

A load is said to be “linear” when it draws a current from the supply which is proportional to the applied voltage (linear). And in the case of “non-linear” load, impedance changes with applied voltage. The current drawn from such non-linear load is also non-linear i.e. non-sinusoidal even when it is connected to a sinusoidal voltage source. Harmonic currents contents which are present in non-sinusoidal currents intermingle with the impedance of the power distribution system to create voltage distortion which affects the distribution system and the loads connected to it. The serious power-line pollution is a result of increasing use of power electronic systems and time-variant nonlinear loads in industry. Hence, power supply quality is degraded. It results in the reduction of system efficiency, apparatus overheating, and increase power. As the utilization of the number of harmonics-producing loads has increased over the years, it has become highly mandatory their influence and analysis when making any additions or changes to an installation. In this paper various harmonics detection and measurement techniques have been outlined.
Persuasive dialogue for older adults: promoting and encouraging social interaction

We describe a persuasive dialogue component for promoting and encouraging social interaction for older adults. In order to identify effective persuasive strategies we conducted an interview study with formal carers for older adults. From the results of our study we have identified 6 persuasive strategies, information requirements and developed a model using rules for assessing older adult profiles and applying persuasive strategies.
Reduction of transpiration and altered nutrient allocation contribute to nutrient decline of crops grown in elevated CO(2) concentrations.

Plants grown in elevated [CO(2) ] have lower protein and mineral concentrations compared with plants grown in ambient [CO(2) ]. Dilution by enhanced production of carbohydrates is a likely cause, but it cannot explain all of the reductions. Two proposed, but untested, hypotheses are that (1) reduced canopy transpiration reduces mass flow of nutrients to the roots thus reducing nutrient uptake and (2) changes in metabolite or enzyme concentrations caused by physiological changes alter requirements for minerals as protein cofactors or in other organic complexes, shifting allocation between tissues and possibly altering uptake. Here, we use the meta-analysis of previous studies in crops to test these hypotheses. Nutrients acquired mostly by mass flow were decreased significantly more by elevated [CO(2) ] than nutrients acquired by diffusion to the roots through the soil, supporting the first hypothesis. Similarly, Mg showed large concentration declines in leaves and wheat stems, but smaller decreases in other tissues. Because chlorophyll requires a large fraction of total plant Mg, and chlorophyll concentration is reduced by growth in elevated [CO(2) ], this supports the second hypothesis. Understanding these mechanisms may guide efforts to improve nutrient content, and allow modeling of nutrient changes and health impacts under future climate change scenarios.
On the minimal speed of front propagation in a model of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction

In this paper, we answer the question about the existence of the minimal speed of front propagation in a delayed version of the Murray model of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) chemical reaction. It is assumed that the key parameter $r$ of this model satisfies $0< r \leq 1$ that makes it formally monostable. By proving that the set of all admissible speeds of propagation has the form $[c_*,+\infty)$, we show here that the BZ system with $r \in (0,1]$ is actually of the monostable type (in general, $c_*$ is not linearly determined). We also establish the monotonicity of wavefronts and present the principal terms of their asymptotic expansions at infinity (in the critical case $r=1$ inclusive).
Simulation Study of Dynamic Fault Recovery Performance of VSC-HVDC System

The fault recovery of VSC-HVDC transmission system is often influenced by many factors, such as the reactive power compensation characteristics of the inverter and the dynamic performance of DC controllers. In this paper, the PSCAD/ EMTDC simulation tool is used to study the dynamic recovery performance of VSC-HVDC system for several different var compensating devices in VSC-HVDC inverter-Fixed capacitor (FC), Static Var compensator (SVC), and Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) when VSC-HVDC is subject to various faults, including three phase groundings, single phase grounding and three phase breakings. The result shows that the recovery process of the whole system will be slowed down due to its negative influence on the strength of AC power system with the application of SVC, while the STATCOM can improve VSC-HVDC recovery performance greatly for its advantages over other compensating devices in areas such as voltage support ability and DC power recovery.
Effect of calcium on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of microarc oxidized Mg-xCa alloys.

Magnesium alloys are potential biodegradable implants for biomedical applications, and calcium (Ca) is one kind of ideal element being examined for magnesium alloys and biodegradable ceramic coatings owing to its biocompatibility and mechanical suitability. In this study, microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings were prepared on Mg-xCa alloys to study the effect of Ca on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of Mg-xCa alloys and their surface MAO coatings. The electrochemical corrosion behavior was investigated using an electrochemical workstation, and the degradability and bioactivity were evaluated by soaking tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) solutions. The corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The effects of Ca on the alloy phase composition, microstructure, MAO coating formation mechanism, and corrosion behavior were investigated. Results showed that the Mg-0.82Ca alloy and MAO-coated Mg-0.82Ca exhibited the highest corrosion resistance. The number and distribution of Mg2Ca phases can be controlled by adjusting the Ca content in the Mg-xCa alloys. The proper amount of Ca in magnesium alloy was about 0.5-0.8 wt. %. The pore size, surface roughness, and corrosion behavior of microarc oxidized Mg-xCa samples can be controlled by the number and distribution of the Mg2Ca phase. The corrosion behaviors of microarc oxidized Mg-Ca in SBF solutions were discussed.
Gene Selection using a Hybrid Memetic and Nearest Shrunken Centroid Algorithm

High-throughput technologies such as microarrays and mass spectrometry produced high dimensional biological datasets both in abundance and with increasing complexity. Prediction Analysis for Microarrays (PAM) is a well-known implementation of the Nearest Shrunken Centroid (NSC) method which has been widely used for classification of biological data. In this paper, a hybrid approach incorporating the Nearest Shrunken Centroid (NSC) and Memetic Algorithm (MA) is proposed to automatically search for an optimal range of shrinkage threshold values for the NSC to improve feature selection and classification accuracy. Evaluation of the approach involved nine biological datasets and results showed improved feature selection stability over existing evolutionary approaches as well as improved classification accuracy.
Genome size of Mycoplasma genitalium

The genome size of Mycoplasma genitalium was determined by using restriction enzymes that infrequently cut its DNA. The calculated value of 577 to 590 kilobases is one-fourth smaller than the genome of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which is considered among the smallest genomes of self-replicating organisms.
Extent of the low‐velocity region in the lowermost mantle beneath the western Pacific detected by the Vietnamese Broadband Seismograph Array

We present evidence showing the extent of the low‐velocity region in the lowermost mantle beneath the western Pacific. We analyzed S, sS, ScS‐S, and sScS‐sS travel times observed by the Vietnamese broadband seismograph array deployed as part of the Ocean Hemisphere Project. The abrupt changes in ScS‐S and sScS‐sS travel times suggest that the western geographical boundary of the low‐velocity region is located around 140°E and is sharp (more than 4% velocity contrast within 200 km). The dependency of S and sS travel time anomalies of epicentral distances suggests that the strong low‐velocity region is confined to within 400 km from the CMB (core‐mantle boundary). The existence of lateral heterogeneities with a 100 km scale inside the low‐velocity region is also suggested by the abrupt changes in S and ScS waveforms.
Synchronisation control and operation of microgrids for rural/island applications

A microgrid has been recognised as a potential solution for decentralised systems in supplying electricity to remote areas. Typically, a microgrid operates in parallel with the utility grid. However, this work investigates the synchronisation and connection of two or more microgrids. The work specifically looks at scenarios where connection to a utility grid is complex due to technical and economical limitations, such as in rural areas. Nevertheless, these microgrids are able to connect to a utility grid in the future. A microgrid system model consisting of a wind turbine, photovoltaic (PV) array, direct current (DC) storage, voltage source inverter (VSI) control and load demand will be used for the case study. The proposed design of a phase-locked loop (PLL), main controller (MC) and synchronisation controller (SC) will be laid out. These components are utilised to achieve successful connection between microgrids. Finally, power flow studies and system performances are discussed. The success of the proposed algorithm and studies validate the microgrid system as a sustainable energy system.