Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on Point-Based Clustering Aggregation Using Data Fragments

Point-based clustering aggregation is applying aggregation algorithms to data points and then combining various clustering results. Applying clustering algorithms to data points increases the computational complexity and decreases the accuracy. Many existing clustering aggregation algorithms have a time complexity quadratic, cubic, or even exponential in the number of data points. Thus Data fragments are considered. A Data fragment is any subset of the data that is not split by any of the clustering results. Existing model gives high clustering error rate due to lack of preprocessing of outliers. Non spherical clusters will not be split by using distance metric. In this paper we made a study on agglomerative clustering aggregation algorithm used in different areas. In the proposed approach, data fragments are considered and Outlier detection techniques are employed for preprocessing of data. New clustering aggregation algorithm proposed includes the outlier detection technique and each disjoined set of fragments is clustered in parallel thus reducing the time complexity.
DrugPal: A Machine Learning Based Drug Recommender System To Assist Physician

The process of drug discovery has received a big boost from the use of high-end computers and machine learning algorithms. There are about 38 new drugs introduced into the market each year, making it difficult for physicians to keep up with the latest advancements. In this work we introduce an end-to-end system that is able to go through the literature of newly discovered drugs and store the features in a database. Then, it is able to accept the symptoms of a patient from a physician and recommend appropriate drugs, which may be prescribed to the patient, subject to the discretion of the physician. We use standard vectorization algorithms like word2vec and linearSVC to extract features from drug literatures. To prove the superiority of this method to other possible methods, we provide an ablation study, comparing the results of our method with the other most popular methods.
Method for Improving the Reliability of an Ergatic Control System for an Automated Aircraft

The results of the study of the reliability of the ergatic control system of an automated aircraft indicate the presence of a problem in preparing pilots for flights in the automatic control mode. The complexity of the problem lies in the preservation of the conceptual flight model in its practical activity with a significant decrease in the intensity of motor activity. Airline policies and safety requirements do not allow the use of manual mode during certain phases of flight. To solve this problem, a new method has been developed that allows pilots to control the aircraft in automatic piloting mode, remaining in the flight mode control loop using cognitive-information converters of pilot activity algorithms without using manual piloting. The method is based on a mathematical model of signal detection and consists in presenting paired images to trained pilots in the process of preliminary preparation for flights. One of the images contains the correct interpretation of a randomly selected flight mode, the second image reflects a flight mode that does not correspond to the specified one. The pilot’s task is to correctly identify the flight mode and, if the parameters do not match, indicate the procedure for changing them to bring the flight mode to the specified one. The results of the experiment showed that the pilots of the experimental group coped with the flight in the automatic piloting mode by 22% more efficiently, while the reliability of the landing approach increased statistically significantly.
Feasibility of high-yield plateletpheresis in routine practice: Experience from tertiary health center from South India

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: High-yield plateletpheresis donations can reduce donor exposure and be economically beneficial as well. However, obtaining a high-yield plateletpheresis from a maximum number of donors with low basal platelet count and its effect on postdonation platelet count of donors undergoing high-yield plateletpheresis has been a matter of concern. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of making high-yield platelet donation as a routine practice. METHODS: It was a retrospective observational study to determine the effect of high-yield plateletpheresis on donor reactions, efficacy, and quality parameters. It was conducted from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021, at the Department of Transfusion Medicine in a tertiary care hospital of South India. RESULTS: Out of the 669 procedures, 564 (84.3%) of the collection had a platelet yield of ≥5 × 1011, 468 (70%) of the collection had a platelet yield of 5.5 × 1011, whereas 284 (42.5%) met the target of 6 × 1011 by coulter. The mean drops in platelet count were 95 ± 16 × 103/μl (77,600–113,000/μl), mean platelet recruitment was 1.31 ± 0.51. The mean collection efficiency of the procedure for the 669 cases was shown to be 80.21 ± 15.34, and the mean collection rate was 0.07 × 1011 ± 0.02 per minute. Only forty donors (5.5%) experienced adverse donor reactions. CONCLUSIONS: High-yield plateletpheresis can be done in routine practice with no added adverse donor reaction with effective quality products.
On thermal corrections to near-threshold annihilation

We consider non-relativistic ``dark'' particles interacting through gauge boson exchange. At finite temperature, gauge exchange is modified in many ways: virtual corrections lead to Debye screening; real corrections amount to frequent scatterings of the heavy particles on light plasma constituents; mixing angles change. In a certain temperature and energy range, these effects are of order unity. Taking them into account in a resummed form, we estimate the near-threshold spectrum of kinetically equilibrated annihilating TeV scale particles. Weakly bound states are shown to “melt” below freeze-out, whereas with attractive strong interactions, relevant e.g. for gluinos, bound states boost the annihilation rate by a factor 4 … 80 with respect to the Sommerfeld estimate, thereby perhaps helping to avoid overclosure of the universe. Modestly non-degenerate dark sector masses and a way to combine the contributions of channels with different gauge and spin structures are also discussed.
THE EVOLUTION OF CLOUD CORES AND THE FORMATION OF STARS

For a number of starless cores, self-absorbed molecular line and column density observations have implied the presence of large-amplitude oscillations. We examine the consequences of these oscillations on the evolution of the cores and the interpretation of their observations. We find that the pulsation energy helps support the cores and that the dissipation of this energy can lead toward instability and star formation. In this picture, the core lifetimes are limited by the pulsation-decay timescales, dominated by non-linear mode–mode coupling, and on the order of ≃ few × 105–106 yr. Notably, this is similar to what is required to explain the relatively low rate of conversion of cores into stars. For cores with large-amplitude oscillations, dust continuum observations may appear asymmetric or irregular. As a consequence, some of the cores that would be classified as super-critical may be dynamically stable when oscillations are taken into account. Thus, our investigation motivates a simple hydrodynamic picture, capable of reproducing many of the features of the progenitors of stars without the inclusion of additional physical processes, such as large-scale magnetic fields.
Penrose Limits, Deformed pp-Waves and the String Duals of Script N = 1 Large-N Gauge Theory

A certain conformally invariantN = 1 supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theory has a description as an infra-red flxed point obtained by deforming theN = 4 supersym- metric Yang-Mills theory by giving a mass to one of itsN = 1 chiral multiplets. We study the Penrose limit of the supergravity dual of the large-N limit of thisN = 1 gauge theory. The limit gives a pp-wave with R-R flve-form ∞ux and both R-R and NS-NS three-form ∞ux. We discover that this new solution preserves twenty supercharges and that, in the light-cone gauge, string theory on this background is exactly solvable. Correspondingly, this latter is the stringy dual of a particular large charge limit of the large-N gauge theory. We are able to identify which operators in the fleld theory survive the limit to form the string's ground state and some of the spacetime excitations. The full string model, which we exhibit, contains a family of non-trivial predictions for the properties of the gauge theory operators which survive the limit.
ANALYSIS OF VOLATILITY SPILLOVER OF PORTFOLIO RETURNS: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTANI STOCK MARKET

The present study attempts to model and analyze the lagged asymmetric volatility spillover effect between the high/low beta portfolio returns and the economic variables returns in case of Pakistan for the time period of July 2001 to June 2015 respectively. The lagged effect is taken to analyze and model the previous effect of the volatility spillover of the portfolio returns and the economic variables on the current volatility spillover of the respective variables respectively. The study also attempts to study the leverage effect (asymmetry) of the respective variables by employing the EGARCH model respectively. The findings of the present study indicate the significant differing volatility spillover effect of high beta portfolio returns and the low beta portfolio returns with all of the four economic variable returns respectively
Investigating the Relationship Between the Hot Gas and the Dark Matter Components of Galaxy Clusters.

Abstract Various differences in galaxy cluster properties derived from X-ray and weak lensing observations have been highlighted in the literature. One such difference is the observation of mass concentrations in lensing maps which have no X-ray counterparts (e.g. Jee, White, Ford et al. 2005). We investigate this issue by identifying substructures in maps of projected total mass (analogous to weak lensing mass reconstructions) and maps of projected X-ray surface brightness for three simulated clusters. We then compare the 2D mass substructures with both 3D subhalo data and the 2D X-ray substructures. Here we present preliminary results from the first comparison, where we have assessed the impact of projecting the data on subhalo identification.
Schorl-1A from Langesundsfjord (Norway)

A crystal fragment of schorl from Langesundsfjord (Norway), showing a zonation with a biaxial optic behavior in the rim, was studied by electron microprobe analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer, infrared and optical absorption spectroscopy and optical measurements. Measured 2 V x is 15.6°. We concluded that biaxial character of the sample is not due to internal stress because it cannot be removed by heating and cooling. Diffraction data were refined with a standard R 3 m space group model, with a = 16.0013(2) Å, c = 7.2263(1) Å, and with a non-conventional triclinic R 1 space-group model keeping the same hexagonal triple cell ( a = 16.0093(5) Å, b = 16.0042(5) Å, c = 7.2328(2) Å, α = 90.008(3)°, β = 89.856(3)°, γ = 119.90(9)°), yielded R all = 1.75% (3136 unique reflections) vs. R all = 2.
Proof irrelevance and strict definitions in a logical framework

The addition of proof irrelevant types to LF permits more expressive encodings and a richer (but still decidable) de nitional equality. These types can also be used to maintain invariants concerning the interchangeability of subproofs of large proofs, which can be useful for proof compression for proof-carrying code. We investigate the metatheoretic properties of this language extension and reconcile it with the notion of strictness, a property of notational de nitions which can improve implementation eÆciency of proofchecking. This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant CCR-9988281
The Influence of behavioural biases on Investment Decision Making: A Moderating Role of Religiosity among Pakistani Investors

This research study evaluated the extent to which psychological factors (overconfidence, confirmation bias) effect on investor’s decision-making process. The ultimate objective of the current study is to investigate the effect of psychological factors on investor investment decision making. To achieve this objective, this study used quantitative approach and cross-sectional research design. Survey was used to collect the data. Questionnaires were distributed among the individual investors and brokers of stock exchange in Pakistan. Smart PLS 3 was used to analyse the data. It was found that overconfidence and confirmation bias have significant effect on investors investment decision making. Moreover, it is found that religiosity has moderating effect between the psychological factors and investors’ investment decision making. Majorly, the current study contributed by investigating the moderating role of religiosity between psychological factors and investor investment decision making.
SQPDFO – A trust-region based algorithm for generally-constrained derivative-free optimization

Derivative-free optimization is a speciﬁc branch of mathematical optimization where ﬁrst and higher order derivatives of the objective function of the optimization problem are not available, too expensive to compute or too inexact to be used. Such problems do arise in many application areas, e.g. in engineering design optimization, wastewater treatment and quantum chemical processes. As only function value information and no derivative information is available, SQPDFO applies different sampling techniques to build local interpolation models of the objective and constraint functions and uses a self-correcting error technique (Scheinberg and Toint [1]) which guarantees the quality of these models and their derivatives during the optimization process. Throughout the optimization process, ﬁrst and second order derivatives of these models are used. SQPDFO can handle nonlinear and linear equality and inequality constraints and simple bounds on the variables. It is based on the SQP (Sequential Quadratic Programming) method which solves a sequence of optimization subproblems, each of which optimizes a quadratic program of the original optimization problem. Inequality constraints are carefully handled by slack variables which are not included in the local models to not unnecessarily increase the size of the interpolation matrix. We will present numerical results on a large set of academic test problems from the well-known optimization library CUTEst showing the good performance of the implementation of SQPDFO. Furthermore, we extended the code to run in parallel and several function evaluations can be used in each iteration. This was especially useful when applying SQPDFO to a multidisciplinary DLR research shape design problem of an entire airplane. As one complete function evaluation of the top-level optimization problem can take up to 56 hours, a code which needs a minimum number of iterations is crucial. We will show how SQPDFO is able to ﬁnd good solutions within a very small number of iterations.
Template Protection: On the need to adapt the current Unlinkability Evaluation Protocol

Using ISO/IEC Standards an evaluation protocol exists which properties need to be fulfilled by each template protection scheme. However, in these standards it is not defined how a sensible and sensitive key selection should be done such that the demanded properties are reached. For the analysis regarding the ISO/IEC Standards properties only arbitrary, randomly selected keys are usually used, but it is not considered that in this case the key selection might result in insufficiently protected biometric images (templates). By the performed experiments using not only randomly selected keys, but also considering the best of insufficient (improper) keys, it was revealed that the unlinkability evaluation protocol is influenced by the key selection. Hence, it is recommended to use both mentioned key types to analyse template protection methods. This means that the protocol has to be fine-tuned, in so far that for the best of the worst key choice (which then has to be used in the protocol) unlinkability still needs to be given.
Asymptotically flat black holes in 2+1 dimensions

Asymptotically flat black holes in 2 + 1 dimensions are a rarity. We study the recently found black flower solutions (asymptotically flat black holes with deformed horizons), static black holes, rotating black holes and the dynamical black flowers (black holes with radiative gravitons) of the purely quadratic version of new massive gravity. We show how they appear in this theory and we also show that they are also solutions to the infinite order extended version of the new massive gravity, that is the Born-Infeld extension of new massive gravity with an amputated Einsteinian piece. The same metrics also solve the topologically extended versions of these theories, with modified conserved charges and the thermodynamical quantities, such as the Wald entropy. Besides these we find new conformally flat radiating type solutions to these extended gravity models. We also show that these metrics do not arise in Einstein's gravity coupled to physical perfect fluids.
Improving The Religious Character of Educators Through Exemplary of Principles

This paper aims to analyze the principal's good strategy in improving the religious character of teachers and education personnel at SDN 2 Mimbaan Situbondo. This paper uses qualitative research with a case study approach. The data collection technique was carried out with participatory observation, unstructured interviews, and documentation. Data analysts follow the Huberman model. The findings of this article are: 1) Forms of exemplary principles in improving the religious character of teachers, namely; honest, disciplined, fond of worship, trust, and responsibility; 2) Implementation of exemplary principles in improving the Islamic character of educators with stages of value transformation, value transactions and value transinternalization. This research implies that the principal has a positive effect on all school members with the exemplary model that is exemplified.
Estimation of misclassification probabilities by bootstrap methods

Several methods have been proposed to estimate the misclassification probabilities when a linear discriminant function is used to classify an observation into one of several populations. We describe the application of bootstrap sampling to the above problem. The proposed method has the advantage of not only furnishing the estimates of misclassification probabilities but also provides an estimate of the standard error of estimate. The method is illustrated by a small simulation experiment. It is then applied to three published, well accessible data sets, which are typical of large, medium and small data sets encountered in practice.
Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 Systems

The structural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of [Bi0.5(Na1-XKX)0.5]TiO3 ceramics were studied for the compositional range, X=0–1.0. The samples were prepared by a conventional sintering technique. From X-ray diffraction results, it was found that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (rhombohedral) and (Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 (tetragonal) exists in the range of X=0.16–0.20. Polarization-Electric field hysteresis loops show that the remanent polarization at X=0.20 (BNTK20) is larger than that at X=0.0 (BNT). Peaks of electromechanical coupling factor, dielectric constant, piezoelectric constant and elastic compliance were obtained at X=0.16–0.20 of the MPB region. Dielectric and piezoelectric properties are enhanced in the MPB region for [Bi0.5(Na1-XKX)0.5]TiO3, similar to that observed for Pb(Zr, Ti)O3.
Simple Characterizations of Expansion and Contraction Inconsistency Conditions

In Ryan (2005) I recast the well known Allais experiment and experiments reported in Tversky and Kahneman (1986) and in Starmer and Sugden, (1993) explicitly as optimizations. By that means I demonstrated how behaviours, which those authors found to be irrational because seemingly associated with preference reversals, can be wholly consistent with optimizing behaviour in response to changes in experimental conditions. This paper employs a similar methodology to establish sufficient conditions for expansion and contraction consistency and inconsistency of kinds defined in Sen (1977) and Sen (1993). The main conclusion is that, at least for the cases considered here, expansion consistency and contraction consistency properties will in general be inconsistent with optimizing choices by economic agents.
Spin splitting of electron states in lattice-mismatched (110)-oriented quantum wells

We show that for lattice-mismatched zinc-blende-type (110)-grown quantum wells a significant contribution to the zero-magnetic-field spin splitting of electron subbands comes from strain-induced spin-orbit coupling. Combining the envelope function theory and atomistic tight-binding approach, we calculate spin-orbit splitting constants for realistic quantum wells. It is found that the strain due to lattice mismatch in conventional GaAs/AlGaAs structures may noticeably modify the spin splitting while in InGaAs/GaAs structures it plays a major role and may even change the sign of the spin splitting constant.
Mediating Role of Work Engagement in the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An empirical evidence from Hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan

The basic purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention in the presence of mediating variable of work engagement in hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire which was distributed among public and private hospital nurses holding positions of nurse or head nurse. The sample size was 270. SPSS and AMOS software was used for demographic and inferential analysis. Results conclude that job satisfaction with determinants of JS (pay, promotion, nature of job etc.) have negative relationship with turnover intention. Results also showed that work engagement has partial mediating role in the relationship of job satisfaction and turnover intention. This study mainly focused on service sector (hospitals) in Lahore. So the results are limited to only service sector which narrow down its generalizability. Current study is cross sectional and longitudinal study is recommended to generalize results. The survey data was collected from nurses of one city that is Lahore it required to do similar research on other cities of Punjab. Various studies in literature have explored relationships among different variables of organizational behavior rather than explaining any other mechanism; they have focused much on their relationships but less on mediating relationship of work engagement.
Has Globalization Changed Lifestyles? A Case Study Of Punjab, Pakistan

In the past few decades, some remarkable developments in the fields of information technology, transportation and communication have led to the development of closer contacts between people all around the world. As a result of these developments and increased global integration, the world has started experiencing the effects of globalization more intensely than ever. The present study considers how, in response to globalization, respondents (from the three big cities, namely Lahore, Multan, and Rawalpindi, of province Punjab, Pakistan) with different socio-demographic profiles experience a varying degree of changes in their overall life patterns. The results show that individuals who are more educated and belong to the higher income group experience more prominent changes in their overall life patterns. The effect of globalization on the overall life of patterns of females and youngsters was, however, not found to be significant.