Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2016-2017 VE 2017-2018 EĞİTİM VE ÖĞRETİM YILLARINDA 5. SINIF TÜRKÇE DERS KİTAPLARINDAKİ HİKÂYE EDİCİ METİNLERİN UZUN-ÇETİNKAYA FORMÜLÜ İLE OKUNABİLİRLİK DÜZEYLERİ

Oz: Uzun ve Cetinkaya’nin gelistirmis olduklari formul ile 2016-2017 ve 2017-2018 egitim ogretim donemlerinde MEB yayini olan besinci sinif Turkce ders kitaplarinda bulunan hikâye edici metinlerin okunabilirlik duzeyleri olculmus ve sonuclari karsilastirilmistir. Arastirma sonucunda 2016-2017 egitim ogretim yilinda kullanilan besinci sinif Turkce ders kitabindaki hikâye edici metinlerin okunabilirlik duzeyleri degerlendirildiginde Uzun ve Cetinkaya’nin Turkce metinlerin okunabilirlik duzeylerinin tanimlanmasi ve siniflandirilmasi ile bir metin (51+) bagimsiz okuma, 5, 6. ve 7. sinif grubunda degerlendirilmis, bir metin (0 - 34) engelli duzey, 10, 11. ve 12. sinif duzeyinde, digerleri de (35 – 50) egitsel okuma, 8. ve 9. sinif duzeyinde oldugu degerlendirilmistir. Sonuc olarak sadece bir hikâye edici metnin bagimsiz okuma oldugu yani ogrenci duzeyinde oldugu gorulmektedir. 2017-2018 doneminde kullanilan 5. sinif Turkce ders kitabinda ise dort metin (51+) bagimsiz okuma duzeyinde 5, 6. ve 7. sinif grubunda, digerlerinin ise (35 – 50) egitsel okuma 8. ve 9. sinif duzeyinde oldugu degerlendirilmistir. Yani egitimci destegiyle konuyu kavrayabilecegi duzeyde metinler daha cok bulunmaktadir. Arastirma sonucunda 2017-2018 egitim ogretim yilinda kullanilan 5. sinif Turkce ders kitabindaki hikâye edici metinlerin okunabilirlik duzeylerinin sinif seviyesine gore gecen yila gore daha uygun hazirlandigi gorulmektedir. Turkce icin sadece kelime ve cumle uzunluklari degil ayni zamanda bilinmeyen kelimelerin de goz onunde bulunduruldugu, metinlerin ozel niteliklerinin de olculmesini saglayan, yeni formuller gelistirilmelidir. Hedef kitle seviyesine gore kitaplarda hangi okunabilirlik duzeyinde metinlere yer verilmesi gerektigi belirlenmeli; okunabilirlik duzeyleri, metinlerde bulunmasi gereken ozellikler arasina alinmalidir.
SHARED TEACHING PRACTICES: INTEGRATING EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE INTO PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ EDUCATION

Recent research literature seems to expose and challenge a tacit and widespread conception that the knowledge required for teaching mathematics in school is situated outside the school’s professional and cultural environment, and that the authority over this knowledge rests in groups that do not include school teachers. Taking this scenario into account, the mathematics teachers’ undergraduate degree program of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) launched a new experience in 2015, in which mathematical content modules are taught jointly by a school teacher and a university lecturer. The experience holds an institutional intentionality: to integrate professional knowledge emerging from school practice as a formal component of pre-service undergraduate mathematics teachers’ education. This paper focuses on a research project – Shared Teaching Practices – developed in the context of this experience. More specifically, we discuss prospective teachers’ expectations towards the lectures taught by the two teachers, especially the role of the school teacher in module’s conduction. Results indicate a shift in the participants’ perception regarding their own professional disciplinary body of knowledge, and the role of this body of knowledge in their formal pre-service education.
Therapeutic Plasticity of Neural Stem Cells

Neural stem cells (NSCs) have garnered significant scientific and commercial interest in the last 15 years. Given their plasticity, defined as the ability to develop into different phenotypes inside and outside of the nervous system, with a capacity of almost unlimited self-renewal, of releasing trophic and immunomodulatory factors, and of exploiting temporal and spatial dynamics, NSCs have been proposed for (i) neurotoxicity testing; (ii) cellular therapies to treat CNS diseases; (iii) neural tissue engineering and repair; (iv) drug target validation and testing; (v) personalized medicine. Moreover, given the growing interest in developing cell-based therapies to target neurodegenerative diseases, recent progress in developing NSCs from human-induced pluripotent stem cells has produced an analog of endogenous NSCs. Herein, we will review the current understanding on emerging conceptual and technological topics in the neural stem cell field, such as deep characterization of the human compartment, single-cell spatial-temporal dynamics, reprogramming from somatic cells, and NSC manipulation and monitoring. Together, these aspects contribute to further disentangling NSC plasticity to better exploit the potential of those cells, which, in the future, might offer new strategies for brain therapies.
Mate attendance and copulatory behaviour in western bluebirds: evidence of mate guarding

Abstract The western bluebird,Sialia mexicana, is a socially monogamous passerine with extra-pair offspring in over one-third of nests. Copulatory behaviour and mate attendance were observed for 5 years to determine whether males protect their paternity by mate guarding. Western bluebirds copulated frequently but the frequency of copulation did not increase in the hour after laying, when fertilization is thought to occur. Males attempted to copulate with their mates at a steady rate from 60 days before laying until the onset of incubation. Female acceptance of within-pair copulations increased to 80% 10 days before laying and remained high throughout the laying period. Proximity of paired males and females corresponded with changes in the frequency of within-pair copulation attempts, but following of females by their mates corresponded with peak receptivity of females to copulation. Neither proximity nor following corresponded with temporal changes in the rate ofcourtship feeding. Pairs were closer and following of the female more frequent when nearest neighbour distances were reduced, as expected with mate guarding if the threat of extra-pair copulation increases with local density. Pairs were also closer when vegetative cover around the nest increased, suggesting that one function of mate attendance may be to keep the female in view. Male western bluebirds may ensure their paternity by thwarting extra-pair copulations and by increasing copulatory access; however, paternity assurance provides a more comprehensive explanation than copulatory access for spatial and temporal variation in associative behaviours of pairs.
Why are children absent from preschool? A nationally representative analysis of Head Start programs

Introduction Children who are absent from school, including preschool, do not make the same academic gains as their non-absent peers. However, we know little about what predicts absenteeism among preschool-attending children. Methods We used the Family and Child Experiences Study - 2009, a nationally representative sample of Head Start attendees (n = 2,842), to test the associations between a comprehensive set of child, family, and center factors, and children’s levels of absenteeism across the preschool year. Results Our findings highlight the multi-faceted nature of absenteeism. Family necessity, family routines, and center-level characteristics were all associated with absenteeism. Discussion Reducing preschool absenteeism requires a comprehensive approach as the factors that shape absences are varied. Our findings suggest that center-level strategies focused on outreach and classroom quality are important future directions.
Evaluation of Coagulation Parameters in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

Chronic liver diseases are associated with secondary changes in primary and secondary hemostasis. Recently, many studies have reported that the plasma level of natural anticoagulants , such as antithrombin, are altered in patients with chronic liver diseases and are associated with the severity of the disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate different haemostatic parameters including antithrombin in patients with chronic liver diseases and to define the relationship between antithrombin level and the severity of chronic liver diseases. A case control study was conducted at Ibn Sena Teaching Hospital in Mosul for the period between 1 st of October 2012 and 30 th of April 2013. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study; 50 patients with chronic liver diseases and 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. Coagulation parameters of cases and controls measured and compared. A total of 50 cases were included in this study, 38 patients with cirrhosis and 12 patients with chronic hepatitis. In comparison with the controls, PT, APTT and showed significant prolongation and INR significantly prolonged (p < 0.001). The mean level of platelet count and fibrinogen were significantly reduced in patients with chronic liver disease (p < 0.001). The mean levels of antithrombin was significantly reduced in cirrhotic patients (p = 0.031) only, and no significant reduction was found in patients with chronic hepatitis. A statistically significant negative correlation were found between antithrombin level and Child-Pugh score (Pearson r = 0.414, p = 0.01). In conclusion chronic liver diseases is associated with derangement in all haemostatic parameters. antithrombin reflects hepatocytes synthetic function of the liver and was supported by the negative correlation between antithrombin level and the severity of liver cirrhosis assessed by Child-Pugh score . key words : chronic liver diseases, antithrombin, Child-Pugh score, cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis
Advanced Bus Signaling Methods for DC MicroGrids

This thesis introduces a novel bus signaling technique for communication over the powerlines among decentralized control agents in direct current MicroGrids. The solution is termed power talk and it proposes each controller to modulate the messages, that need to be exchanged with other controllers, into the parameters of the local droop control loop. This will lead to subtle deviations of the steady state bus voltages from which remote controllers across the MicroGrid can demodulate the desired information. In contrast, the traditional networked control approach assume that the controllers are equipped with dedicated communication hardware and the control messages are exchanged over external communication links; the motivation for developing power talk lies in the recent concerns about the adequacy of the traditional design paradigm to the evolving smart grid ecosystem. In this context, power talk is envisioned to serve as a solution that offers several inherent advantages compared to external communication systems in terms of the service requirements, cost and security. The concept also promotes the selfsustainability principle of distributed power systems since it does not require any additional hardware and can be implemented via software upgrades of the power electronic interfaces where the control loops reside. Power talk can be formally seen as an explicit communication technique over an implicit communication channel, represented by the steady state of the MicroGrid. The general communication problem is a non-standard one and imposes several unique challenges, not encountered frequently in common communication setups. In light of this, the contributions of the thesis can be divided into two categories. First, the thesis presents a set of concepts, techniques and practical solutions for designing reliable power talk interfaces and communication protocols in challenging circumstances. Afterward, the focus shifts on applying power talk for common control applications such as monitoring, optimization and cyber-secure control. The results from the performance evaluations indicate that power talk is indeed a promising solution for autonomous, self-sustainable direct current MicroGrids.
Commissioning of a respiratory gating system involving a pressure sensor in carbon‐ion scanning radiotherapy

Abstract This study reports the commissioning methodology and results of a respiratory gating system [AZ – 733 V/733 VI (Anzai Medical Co., Japan)] using a pressure sensor in carbon‐ion scanning radiotherapy. Commissioning includes choosing a location and method for pressure sensor installation, delay time measurement of the system, and the final flow test. Additionally, we proposed a methodology for the determination of a threshold level of generating an on/off gate for the beam to the respiratory waveform, which is important for clinical application. Regarding the location and method for installation of the pressure sensor, the actual person's abdomen, back of the body position, and supine/prone positioning were checked. By comparing the motion between the pressure sensor output and the reference LED sensor motion, the chest rear surface was shown to be unsuitable for the sensor installation, due to noise in the signal caused by the cardiac beat. Regarding delay time measurement of the system, measurements were performed for the following four steps: (a). Actual motion to wave signal generation; (b). Wave signal to gate signal generation; (c). Gate signal to beam on/off signal generation; (d). Beam on/off signal to the beam irradiation. The total delay time measured was 46 ms (beam on)/33 ms (beam off); these were within the prescribed tolerance time (<100 ms). Regarding the final flow test, an end‐to‐end test was performed with a patient verification system using an actual carbon‐ion beam; the respiratory gating irradiation was successfully performed, in accordance with the intended timing. Finally, regarding the method for determining the threshold level of the gate generation of the respiration waveform, the target motion obtained from 4D‐CT was assumed to be correlated with the waveform obtained from the pressure sensor; it was used to determine the threshold value in amplitude direction.
Effect of physical exercise on weight loss and physical function following bariatric surgery: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Objectives We performed a meta-analysis of all of the available randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate whether physical exercise contributes to weight loss or physical function improvement in adults receiving bariatric surgery. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, OVID and the CINAHL up through May 2018. RCTs that assigned adults with obesity to either an exercise training group or a no-exercise group after bariatric surgery were included. The primary outcomes were weight loss and physical function. Study bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the quality of evidence was assessed using GRADEpro. Results A total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria (n=347 participants). Most of the studies carried a low risk of bias due to randomisation and blinding. Compared with those without exercise intervention after surgery, patients engaging in physical exercise were associated with greater weight loss (weighted mean difference (WMD) −1.94 kg; 95% CI −3.18 to −0.69; n=8) and longer 6 min walk distance (6MWD; WMD29.67 m; 95% CI 25.97 to 33.37; n=2) during follow-up. By subgroup analyses, the additional weight loss in exercise group was related to the starting time and type of exercise: patients engaging in exercise 1 year or more after surgery and patients received aerobic–resistance exercise experienced more weight loss. Besides, patients in exercise training group also had lower systolic blood pressure and resting heart rate after surgery. The quality of evidence for these outcomes was moderate to very low. Conclusions Physical exercise after bariatric surgery provides 1.94 kg additional weight loss and 29.67 m longer 6MWD compared with surgery alone. Moreover, engaging in exercise 1 year or more after surgery, and a combined aerobic and resistance training programme may result in greater weight loss.
Akustische Simulation von Fahrzeuggeräuschen innerhalb virtueller Umgebungen basierend auf künstlichen neuronalen Netzen (KNN)

Das Entwickeln neuer Produkte ist an viele Vorgaben geknupft, die z.B. von Seiten des Kunden gemacht werden oder die im Rahmen von Gesetzen existieren. Zu unterschiedlichsten Zeitpunkten im Produktentwicklungsprozess wird deshalb uberpruft, ob die gewunschten Produkteigenschaften erreicht werden. Hierfur ist es notwendig, Modelle bzw. Prototypen zu bauen. Dies ist oftmals mit gro{\ss}en Kosten und hohem Zeitaufwand verbunden. Virtual Reality (VR) kann eine Moglichkeit bieten, diesen finanziellen und zeitlichen Aufwand zu reduzieren, indem Prototypen virtuell dargestellt werden. So konnen z.B. Produkte in einer virtuellen Umgebung visualisiert werden, so dass das Aussehen und das visuelle Design bewertet werden konnen. Ob ein Produkt vom Kunden akzeptiert wird, hangt aber haufig auch von den akustischen Eigenschaften des Produktes ab. Fur viele Produkte gibt es daruber hinaus auch gesetzliche Regelungen, die vorschreiben, wie laut das vom Produkt abgestrahlte Gerausch sein darf. So wird es immer wichtiger, VR-Methoden zu entwickeln, mit denen akustische Eigenschaften von Produkten simuliert werden konnen. Eine besondere Herausforderung stellt hierbei die Simulation von dynamischen Gerauschen dar. Dynamisch bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang, dass das Zeitsignal eines Gerausches nicht linear beschrieben werden kann und keine Periodizitat aufweist. Der Begriff dynamisch bezieht sich hierbei auf den Klang des Gerausches, der nicht gleichbleibend ist, sondern standigen Anderungen unterworfen ist.Im Beitrag wird ein Konzept fur die Simulation von dynamischen Fahrzeuggerauschen vorgestellt. Das Konzept basiert auf dem Einsatz kunstlicher neuronaler Netze (KNN). Fahrzeuggerausche sind abhangig von unterschiedlichen Parametern wie z.B. der Geschwindigkeit, dem Gang oder dem Lastzustand. Unter Berucksichtigung dieser Abhangigkeiten sollen Audioaufnahmen von Fahrzeuggerauschen angepasst werden. Die Audioaufnahmen wurden in Form von akustischen Messungen an verschiedenen Fahrzeugen und deren Komponenten erstellt. KNNs werden erfolgreich zum Klassifizieren von Bilddaten verwendet und auch fur die Audiosignalverarbeitung sind sie geeignet. So werden KNNs zum Beispiel fur Spracherkennungstools eingesetzt. Beide Anwendungsfelder basieren auf einer gut funktionierenden Merkmalsextraktion. Das im Beitrag beschriebene KNN wird so trainiert, dass die Merkmalsextraktion vom Netz selbst in unabhangiger und selbststandiger Weise durchgefuhrt wird, ohne dass Merkmale vorgegeben werden mussen. So kann ermittelt werden, wie viele Merkmale benotigt werden, um Fahrzeuggerausche hinreichend genau zu beschreiben. Daruber hinaus wird untersucht, wie diese Merkmale aussehen und ob Zusammenhange mit bestimmten Fahrzeugparametern existieren. Auserdem wird beschrieben, wie solche Netze in ein bestehendes audio-visuelles VR-System integriert werden konnen.
specL - Prepare Peptide Spectrum Matches for Use in Targeted Proteomics

specL provides a function for generating spectra libraries which can be used for MRM SRM MS workflows in proteomics. The package provides a BiblioSpec reader, a function which can add the protein information using a FASTA formatted amino acid file, and an export method for using the created library in the Spectronaut software.
Searching the Enterprise

Search has become ubiquitous but that does not mean that search has been solved. Enterprise search, which is broadly speaking the use of information retrieval technology to find information within organisations, is a good example to illustrate this. It is an area that is of huge importance for businesses, yet has attracted relatively little academic interest. This monograph will explore the main issues involved in enterprise search both from a research as well as a practical point of view. We will first plot the landscape of enterprise search and its links to related areas. This will allow us to identify key features before we survey the field in more detail. Throughout the monograph we will discuss the topic as part of the wider information retrieval research field, and we use Web search as a common reference point as this is likely the search application area that the average reader is most familiar with. U. Kruschwitz and C. Hull. Searching the Enterprise. Foundations and Trends © in Information Retrieval, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–142, 2017. DOI: 10.1561/1500000053. Full text available at: http://dx.doi. org/10.1561/1500000053
Fatiguing the Force: Using Operational Data to Improve the United States Air Force’s Mission Effectiveness Model

Air mobility pilots routinely fly multiple missions spanning several time zones, thereby disrupting their circadian rhythm. As a result, they consistently operate at a sub-optimal performance level. After several fatigue-related accidents, the Air Mobility Command (AMC) Safety Office incorporated the Sleep, Activity, Fatigue, and Task Effectiveness (SAFTE) model into its Aviation Operational Risk Management (AvORM) program to inform aircrew members of their fatigue levels during critical phases of flight. Further analysis indicated that aircrew members experience higher fatigue levels than predicted, which directly reduces flight safety. This study seeks to improve the underlying assumptions within the sleep model to more accurately predict aircrew member performance during critical phases of flight, thereby improving the predictive power of the mission effectiveness model within AvORM. This is the first study to collect operational data from the United States Air Force (USAF) C-17 pilot community using actigraph watches, self-report daily logs, and objective aircraft data to determine the relationship between fatigue and pilot mission effectiveness. Additionally, this study provides policy recommendations to enable aircrew, squadron leadership, and mission planners to mitigate some factors contributing to aircrew fatigue.
3-D-Printed Dielectric Metasurfaces for Antenna Gain Improvement in the Ka-Band

In this letter, we design and fabricate a three-dimensional printed all-dielectric planar metalens for microwave focusing into a receiving antenna. The structure allows the antenna gain to be increased by 7.5 dB at 32.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 2.4 GHz. The metalens has a focus full-width at half-maximum of ∼0. 85λ with a 3 dB depth-of-focus of approximately 5 cm. We show that the antenna half-power beamwidth can be reduced from 36° to 3° in the azimuthal plane and from 4.5° to 3° in the elevation plane with the help of the metalens. In addition, we demonstrate that the metalens performs equally well at oblique incidence, with a 50° and 40° span in the azimuthal and elevation planes, respectively.