Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geographic information system and foldscope technology in detecting intestinal parasitic infections among school children of South India

Background: Effective and efficient use of technological advances will ease public health interventions and also help in reaching a larger population. Geographic Information System (GIS) and Foldscope are two such technologies, which have promising utilities in public health. Identifying intestinal parasitic infections early through feasible technologies will help in their effective management. With this objective, this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among school children in southern districts of Karnataka, India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 10 urban, 10 rural, and 5 tribal schools of southern districts of Karnataka. A total of 1052 children studying in these schools were selected. Stool samples were collected and examined under Foldscope for parasitic infestation. The schools where children with worm infestations present were plotted in the GIS map. Findings: Among 1052 children included in this study, 139 (13.2%) were found to have an intestinal parasitic infestation. Among these children, 24.6% were in the age group of 5–9 years, 12.2% were males, and 14.4% were females. Urban students had higher odds (2.765) of parasitic infections compared to rural students. Mean age, height, and weight were significantly lesser among subjects with a worm infestation. Interpretation: Utility of Foldscope and GIS was found to be feasible and effective in the detection and mapping of parasitic infestations. The prevalence of parasitic infestation was found to be high among urban school children. Age, weight, height, and urban residence were found to be the major predictors of outcome.
A Novel Method for Individual Age Group Determination Based on the Hand Muscle Synergy

Background: As people get older, muscles become more synchronized and cooperate to accomplish an activity, so the main purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between changes in age and the amount of muscle synergy. The presence of muscle synergies has been long considered in the movement control as a mechanism for reducing the degree of freedom of the motor system. Methods: By combining these synergies, a wide range of complex movements can be produced. Muscle synergies are often extracted from the electromyogram (EMG) signal. One of the most common methods for extracting synergies is the nonnegative matrix factorization. In this research, the EMG signal is obtained from individuals from different age groups (namely 15–20 years, 25–30 years, and 35–40 years), and after preprocessing, the muscular synergies are extracted. By processing and studying these synergies. Results: It was observed that there is a significant difference between the muscular synergy of different age groups. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the mean value of synergy coefficients in each group, especially in motions that were accompanied by force. Conclusion: This result candidates this parameter as a biomarker to differentiate and recognize the effects of age on the individual's muscular signal. In the best case, using the synergy tool, classification of the age of persons can be done by 77%.
Influence of high-amylose maize starch addition on in vitro starch digestibility and sensory characteristics of cookies

One of the current tendencies in nutrition is to support the consumption of slowly digestiblecereal-based foods with appreciable resistant starch (RS) content. Therefore, experimentalcookies were formulated with normal amylose white wheat ﬂour (NAWW) and increasing levelsofhigh-amylosemaizestarchﬂour(HAMS)representedbysubstitutionratioof0,25and50%ona total ﬂour (NAWWþHAMS) basis. Chemical composition, in vitro starch digestibility andsensoryevaluation wereinvestigated. Dietary ﬁbre andtotalstarchincreased(p<0.05)whenthelevel of HAMS increased in the recipe for cookies. Both RS and slowly digestible starch (SDS)increased (p<0.05), whereas rapidly digestible starch (RDS) fraction decreased (p<0.05) whenthe level of HAMS increased in the formulation. The rate of starch hydrolysis (k) and thepredicted glycaemic index (pGI) decreased (p<0.05) when the HAMS increased in thecomposite, whereas no difference was reported in the sensory proﬁle and in the overallacceptability of cookies. The higher levels of SDS and RS along with the lower RDS, pGI and kvalues indicated that the substitution of NAWW with HAMS contributed to formulate cookieswith favourably SDS properties without affecting selected sensory characteristics.
Anna: A KVS for Any Scale

Modern cloud providers offer dense hardware with multiple cores and large memories, hosted in global platforms. This raises the challenge of implementing high-performance software systems that can effectively scale from a single core to multicore to the globe. Conventional wisdom says that software designed for one scale point needs to be rewritten when scaling up by <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10-100\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mo>-</mml:mo><mml:mn>100</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wu-ieq1-2898401.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref> . In contrast, we explore how a system can be architected to scale across many orders of magnitude by design. We explore this challenge in the context of a new key-value store system called Anna: a partitioned, multi-mastered system that achieves high performance and elasticity via wait-free execution and coordination-free consistency. Our design rests on a simple architecture of coordination-free actors that perform state update via merge of lattice-based composite data structures. We demonstrate that a wide variety of consistency models can be elegantly implemented in this architecture with unprecedented consistency, smooth fine-grained elasticity, and performance that far exceeds the state of the art.
Influence of Dietary Sesame Meal Level on Histological Alterations of the Intestinal Mucosa and Growth Performance of Chickens

Abstract A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sesame meal (SM) on growth performance and histological intestinal alterations of layer chickens. Thirty-two White Leghorn male chickens were divided into 4 groups of 8 birds. They were fed 0, 10, 20, or 30% dietary SM for 28 d. After the feeding experiment, average villus height, epithelial cell area, and crypt cell mitosis numbers were morphometrically compared with an image analyzer, and the results were analyzed with Duncan's multiple range test. The morphological changes of epithelial cells on the villus apical surface were observed morphologically using scanning electron microscope. The growth performance data revealed no significant differences in birds fed up to 20% dietary SM, significantly lower values were revealed in the 30% dietary SM group. At 10% dietary SM, growth performance tended to be improved. Most values of the intestinal villus height, epithelial cell area, and crypt cell mitosis numbers were not different among groups for each intestinal segment. Flat epithelial cells were on the intestinal villus apical surface in the group fed 0% dietary SM. Those cells developed into protuberated cells in the group fed 10% dietary SM, and these protuberated cells disappeared gradually with increasing dietary SM levels. Considerations for current growth performance and histological intestinal alterations suggest that the SM would have no detrimental effect on the growth performance with up to 20% dietary SM nor on the intestinal villi with up to 30% dietary SM, but hypertrophy was observed in the epithelial cells of bird fed up to 20% dietary SM. In conclusion, up to 20% SM could be incorporated into diets fed under commercial conditions to male birds of laying strains in the developer period.
Managing the myopia epidemic and digital eye strain post COVID-19 pandemic – What eye care practitioners need to know and implement?

© 2020 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology | Published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non‐commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. Access this article online
The re-establishment of desiccation tolerance in germinated radicles of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. seeds

Germinated seeds of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. with a protruded radicle length of 2.7 mm did not survive drying below 0.2 g H2O g–1 dw, as indicated by vital stain assays and the absence of growth resumption after rehydration. The re-establishment of desiccation tolerance was achieved using an osmotic treatment with polyethylene glycol (PEG), combined with a cold treatment. The ability to regain desiccation tolerance after germination was restricted to a period of growth characterized by radicle lengths between 1 and 3 mm. After PEG treatment of germinated seeds with 2.7 mm long radicles at –1.7 MPa at 10°C for 3 d and subsequent drying to 0.04 g H2O g–1 dw, 90% survived and developed into normal seedlings after rehydration. Desiccation tolerance could also be re-established in excised radicles, demonstrating that cotyledons were not essential for this process. Upon PEG incubation, sucrose accumulated rapidly prior to the re-establishment of desiccation tolerance in germinated radicles, regardless of the presence of cotyledons. Induction of MtDHN (a dehydrin) gene expression was correlated with the re-establishment of desiccation tolerance. Furthermore, the PEG-induced expression of MtDHN was repressed when fluridone was added to the PEG solution.
Which factors may differentiate lifetime suicide attempters from ideators in obsessive–compulsive disorder patients?

Background: The causes underlying suicidal behaviour in patients with obsessive-compulsive (OCD) are not fully understood. Aim: In this study, we examined whether lifetime suicide attempt (SA), and suicide ideation (SI) was associated with affective temperaments, impulsivity, childhood traumatic events or separation anxiety. Methods: We compared OCD patients with lifetime SA (Group 1; n=25), lifetime suicide ideation (SI) (Group 2; n=62), and without lifetime SI and SA (Group 3; n=73) through Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), Separation Anxiety Symptom Inventory (SASI), Baratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Post hoc tests showed that educational level was significantly lower in Group 1 than in both Group 2 and 3. Childhood abuse were significantly higher in attempters than ideators, and non-suicidal patients. The depressive, cyclothymic, and anxious temperaments were significantly higher in attempters and ideators compared to control subjects. The aggressive obsessions (p=0.002), childhood abuse history (p=0.009), lifetime major depression (p=0.017), and lower educational levels (p=0.006) strongly predicted the increased risk of lifetime SA, compared to non-suicidal patients. Childhood abuse (p=0.022) was the most significant predictor of lifetime SA in OCD. Conclusion: We suggested that childhood abuse history emerged as the most significant variable that distinguished lifetime attempters from only ideators in OCD patients.
Behavioral risk factors for hypertension among adults living with HIV accessing care in secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria

Background: Excess risk for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, may exist among human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)-positive persons. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of the behavioral risk factors for hypertension, including their awareness of these factors and their attitudes toward them. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 HIV-infected adults who accessed care in nine secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Respondents were selected by multistage sampling and data elicited using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP) was measured thrice and a respondent was considered as having raised BP if the mean of the last two measurements is ≥140 mm Hg (systolic BP) or ≥90 mm Hg (diastolic BP) or if respondents are currently taking anti-hypertensive. Results: Prevalence of key behavioral risk factors for hypertension was high. For instance, 82.0% of the respondents were physically inactive. Stress and physical inactivity were the two most known risks of hypertension, identified by 87.3% and 70.5% of the respondents, respectively. Majority (66.0%) had positive attitudes toward hypertension risk factors and 26.7% of them had raised BP. Lower age, that is, 30 years and below (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.26–6.64), BMI of less than 25 (OR = 1.87, 95 CI = 1.16–3.01), and being diagnosed of HIV for 5 years and less (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.006–2.62) were significantly associated with normal BP measurements among respondents. Conclusion: The proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS who show known behaviors that place them at risk for hypertension is high. Measures to address these risk factors among them are warranted.
Formative assessment in practical for Indian postgraduates in health professions education: A strategic initiative towards competency-based education

Background: Observational assessment (OA) or Workplace Based Assessment (WPBA) is being increasingly used to assess the trainees by direct observation to shape their learning. The current deficiencies in our conventional assessment system are due to lack of conceptualization of assessment as a process for continuous improvement and learning, leading to non-utilization of many available tools of assessment. Objective: The present study aimed to introduce formative assessment (FA) for postgraduates at all the constituent colleges (Medical, Dental, Ayurveda, Nursing) under the ambit of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University) Sawangi (M) Wardha, (Maharashtra), India. Methodology: Observational Assessment tools used for FA were Mini CEX (Mini Clinical Evaluation Exercise) and DOPS (Direct Observation of Procedural Skills)in addition to Objectively Structured Clinical/Practical Examination (OSCE/OSPE). Six encounters of OAs were conducted at the end of each semester. The OA tool used was either the MiniCEX or/and DOPS, depending on the type of subject (Preclinical, Para-clinical, Clinical). Results: A significant improvement in scores from one semester to other as the postgraduate learner progresses, was observed. The overall response from the postgraduate students and faculty for FA was satisfactory. Conclusion: Formative assessment in practical's, was feasible, acceptable and effective program to improve the overall learning and competency of postgraduates.
Active one-shot learning for personalized human affect estimation

Building models that can classify human affect leads to the challenge of learning on data that is complex in features and limited in size and labels. How can these models balance being general and personalized, capturing both the commonalities and the individual quirks of people? While previous research has explored the inter-section of deep learning, active learning, and one-shot learning to craft models that are semi-supervised and data-efficient, these methods have not yet been examined in the context of personalized affective computing. This study presents a novel active one-shot learning model for personalized estimation of human affect, in particular, detection of pain from facial expressions
Translation, reliability, and validity of the avoidance endurance questionnaire in Iranian subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain

Background: To cross-cultural adaptation, test-retest reliability, construct validity of the Persian version of avoidance endurance questionnaire (AEQ) in Iranian subjects with chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNSNP). Objective: The AEQ differentiates endurance responses [ER; positive mood scale (PMS), thought suppression scale (TSS), pain persistence behavior scale (PPS), humor/distraction scale (HDS), and behavioral endurance scale (BES) from fear-avoidance responses (FARs; anxiety/depression scale (ADS), catastrophizing scale (CTS), helplessness/hopelessness scale (HHS), avoidance of social activities scale (ASAS), and avoidance of physical activities scale (APAS)]. Methods: One hundred and thirty persons with CNSNP took part in this psychometric study. The translation process was done by Beaton guideline. Test–retest reliability and internal consistency were presented by intraclass coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. The construct validity was measured by the correlation between AEQ subscales and the Short-form health survey (SF-12), visual analog scale (VAS), fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), Tampa scale for kinesiophobia (TSK), and neck disability index (NDI). Results: The Cronbach's alpha of all FAR and ER subscales was more than 0.7, and ICCs of all FAR subscales were more than 0.8 and ICCs of ER subscales were reported between 0.59 and 0.86. The correlation between FAR subscales and TKS, FABQ, FABQ.PA, FABQ.W, NDI, PCS, and VAS were the limit between -0.239 and 0.199, and the association between ER subscales and the abovementioned questionnaires was the limit between 0.179 and 0.644. Conclusions: The Persian version of AEQ showed acceptable reliability (test–retest, internal consistency) for FAR and ER, and also the construct validity was acceptable. The Persian version of AEQ had acceptable psychometric properties, thus it is a good instrument to identify fear avoidance and ERs of the pain.
NOTES ON THE MENOPONIDAE OF NORTH AMERICA. I.

This is the first of a series of papers dealing with the Menoponidae of North America, in which it is hoped that each genus can be discussed and illustrated. The author wishes to acknowedge the kindness of Dr. G. F. Ferris in lending the Stanford Collection, containing V. L. Kellogg's type material, which is being used in these studies; and of Dr. C. F. Mr. Musebeck, for the loan of material from the United States National Museum.
An Analysis of Cooperative Performance Using Balanced Scorecard Method

This study aimed at finding out cooperative performance using Balance Scorecard method in the period of 20132017.This study was conducted in from July to September, 2018 using a descriptive method. The data were collected through documentation, interview and questionnaire. The result showed that the cooperative performance viewed from the financial perspective using the indicator of the SHU (remaining business result) growth and members’ savings growth was good enough, from the membership perspective using the indicator of the growth of the number of members and SHU percentage for members the cooperative performance was good. From the internal business process using the indicator of the holding RAT (Members Annual Meeting) and management and supervisor election, the cooperative performance was very good and; finally, the growth and education perspective using the indicators of workers’ satisfaction, workers’ and management’s productivity, and human resources quality development and Management System, the performance was very good. In the framework of financial performance improvement, cooperatives need to be brave to do innovation breakthrough by channeling loans to the non-members. Keywords— Performance Measurement; Balanced Scorecard; cooperative
Characterization of partial Hox gene sequences in annual fish of the subfamily Cynolebiatinae (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae)

Hox genes encode a family of transcription factors implicated in conferring regional identity along the anteroposterior axis in developing animal embryos. These genes are organized in genomic clusters, expressed collinearly and highly conserved in vertebrates. Among teleost, South American annual killifishes of the Cynolebiatinae subfamily represent an excellent model in development studies because their embryos are capable of undergoing reversible developmental arrest (diapause) at three well-defined morphological stages. They are also an excellent model for evolutionary studies due to the high rates of mutation of their mitochondrial genome, their karyotypic divergence and their morphological variability. In this study, three partial homeobox sequences were isolated from different species of the Cynolebiatinae subfamily. Phylogenetic analyses and sequence comparisons revealed that they belong to the anterior Hox complex group, specifically to paralogue groups 1 and 3. This is the first time that partial Hox genes have been described in species of the Cynolebiatinae subfamily.
Determination of apoplastic Na+ in intact leaves of cotton by in vivo fluorescence ratio-imaging.

Salinity may reduce plant growth via Na+-toxicity symptoms in mature leaves after long-term exposure. It has been suggested by other authors that Na+ accumulates in the leaf apoplast and leads to dehydration of leaves, wilting, and finally to death of these leaves. Two methods were employed to determine the Na+ concentration in the leaf apoplast of salt-tolerant cotton plants under salinity. The ratio imaging of sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate (SBFI) fluorescence was used to detect in vivo concentration changes and gradients of Na+ within the leaf apoplast under salinity stress, and results were compared with the infiltration-centrifugation method. Asignificant increase in Na+ concentration was found in the leaf apoplast under salinity (75 mM NaCl), but no further significant increase was determined when NaCl supply was increased from 75 to 150 mM. Both methods revealed that Na+ concentrations remained relatively low, and thus could not be responsible for the decline in yield under salinity. The ratio images showed changes in Na+ concentration and gradients within the leaf apoplast under salt stress, and demonstrated the validity of the method. However, SBFI fluorescence was also influenced by pH, proteins and salt-induced compatible osmolytes.