Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Age determination and growth rate of eels, Anguilla anguilla (L)

Measurements taken from a series of photographs of otoliths of 37 eels caught in a stretch of river of 150m length were used to prepare a growth curve based on back-calculated measurements. Values of L∞= 1045 and K = 0.046 were determined. Mean incremental growth calculated as 33 mm per year agreed closely with increments determined from growth observed up to 4 years after tagging eels from the same location. Inconsistencies in results of age determinations based on burned otoliths are described but it is concluded that the technique yields results of sufficient reliability to be used in practical management situations.
Heart rate recovery in normal and obese males with and without parental history of cardiovascular disease

Background: Parental history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and obesity is associated with delayed parasympathetic nervous system reactivation after exercise. Heart rate recovery (HRRe) after a minute of exercise is inversely related to cardiovascular events. Aim: To determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and parental CVD history on HRRe in apparently healthy young Indian males. Method: The present cross-sectional experimental study involved 100 males, aged18–25 years. Subjects were divided into two equal groups based on the parental CVD history—(i) Parental CVD history present, and (ii) Parental CVD history absent. Each of these groups were further divided into two equal sub groups based on BMI—(a) BMI <23kg/m2, and (b) BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Participants exercised on the treadmill at variable speeds and grades to achieve their target HR (THR). THR was calculated by adding 60–90% HR-reserve (HRR) in their basal HR (BHR). HRR was calculated by subtracting maximal HR (MHR) from BHR. MHR was estimated by the formula: 208–0.7 × age. The HRRe was calculated by subtracting the immediate postexercise HR with the HR after a minute of rest postexercise. ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey was applied and a P value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: HRRe value was significantly lesser in subjects having a positive parental history of CVD than the subjects with no parental history of CVD, irrespective of BMI. Also, HRRe was inversely related to BMI. Conclusion: Not only obesity but also a family history of CVD impacts the recovery of HR after vigorous-intensity exercise.
Growth Impact of Foreign Direct Investment in the COMESA Region: 
Does Infrastructure Development Matter?

Using country-level panel data, this study investigates the impact of foreign direct investment on the gross domestic product per capita in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa region over the 20002015 period. The estimates are generated using the one-step generalized method of a moments-difference estimator. The study found that foreign direct investment exerted a negative while quality development of infrastructure has a positive impact on economic growth in the region. In addition, the quality development of infrastructure has a positive effect on the ability of the region to absorb and benefit from the spillovers of foreign direct investment. The findings suggest that the states of the region should target to attract foreign direct investment which complements economic growth and improve the quality development of infrastructure so as to realize positive economic growth from the investment.
Alterations in growth of tissue-cultured tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) treated with antibiotics

Summary. Effects of three antibiotics (cefotaxime, rifampicin and gentamicin) were tested on in vitro shoots cultures of tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.)- These antibiotics were selected because endophytic bacteria isolated from the in vitro shoot cultures of tansy showed that all bacteria were Gram-negative and their growth was reduced by these three antibiotics. Five isolates were Enterobacteriaceae, three were fluorescent Pseudomonas, and two were aerobic bacteria. Increased concentrations of antibiotics caused usually linear or quadratic changes on the initiation of shoot growth, shoot number, growth rate, and shoot height. These changes and changes in pH of the culture media were tansy genotype-dependent following treatments with gentamicin. Also, the treatment with rifampicin or cefotaxime showed a genotype-dependent effect, because they resulted in significantly higher percentage of rooted plants in one of the three tansy genotypes tested. The growth rate and length of shoots were reduced in the media containing both gentamicin and rifampicin, but less so than in media containing both gentamicin and cefotaxime.
Influence of transgenic ath-miR399d tomato lines on microbial community and diversity in rhizosphere soil

Abstract Transgenic ath-miR399d tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Zhongshu No. 4) have enhanced phosphorus (P) uptake and accumulation in shoots, and have the potential to improve P-use efficiency in agricultural soils. However, the effects of transgenic ath-miR399d tomatoes on soil microbial community and diversity are poorly understood. Soil carbon source utilization patterns and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles were evaluated after a 35-d cultivation of transgenic tomato lines C1 and C2 and wild-type tomato at 0, 150 and 300 mg phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) kg−1 soil. Microbial diversity indices deduced from carbon source utilization patterns were significantly decreased after cultivating transgenic tomato lines compared to wild-type tomato. So were the average well color development (AWCD) for general carbon sources, carbohydrates and amino acids. The AWCD for general carbon sources was increased with P levels, while the microbial diversity indices did not differ significantly among three P levels. The amounts of total, bacterial and Gram-positive bacterial PLFA significantly declined after cultivating transgenic tomato lines. So were Gram-negative bacterial PLFA at 0 and 150 mg P2O5 kg−1 soil. In contrast, the numbers of individual PLFA, the PLFA ratio of fungi:bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria:Gram-negative bacteria were not significantly affected by genotype or P level after the 35-d cultivation of transgenic tomato lines. Principal component analysis (PCA) for both substrate utilization patterns and PLFA profiles showed good separation of soil microbial communities between the transgenic tomato lines and wild-type tomato. Our results suggest that transgenic ath-miR399d tomatoes have transient adverse effects on microbial community and diversity in rhizosphere soil.
Influence of Tillage Systems on the Degree of Weeding on Agricultural Crops at ARDS Turda

Plants of spontaneous flora are in constant competition with culture plants for water, nutrients and other vegetation factors. The degree of weeding was determined in 2014-2016, at four crops winter wheat, maize, soybeans and peas, cultivated in conventional tillage system and conservation tillage. Temperatures and precipitations registered on the vegetation period in three year had a high influence on the number of weeds found in agricultural crops, so in 2015 there was a smaller number of weeds than in 2014 respectively 2016. Of the species determined in this period is noted for annual dicotyledonous (most of them Chenopodium sp., Veronica sp. and Xanthium strumarium), and among the species of monocotyledonous species Echinochloa sp. and Setaria sp. which are found in all four cultures. In the case of the application of conservative tillage systems there is an increase in the number of weeds compared to the conventional tillage system. The average yields obtained by maize, soybean and peas at application of conservative tillage systems are close to the classical tillage system, the winter wheat yield was higher in the no tillage system than in the classical tillage system.
Seed and Funicle Morphology of Fumariaceae‐Fumarioideae: Systematic Implications and Evolutionary Patterns

This article reports the seed and funicle morphology of Fumarioideae with dehiscent fruits, covering 11 genera (106 species) for seeds and 11 genera (48 species) for funicles. The results are discussed referring to a hypothetical phylogeny based on chloroplast DNA sequences and morphology. Weak seed curvature is a synapomorphy of the Ichtyoselmis‐Dicentra clade, and the truncate hilar region and laterally elongated arilbase ambiguously support the Dactylicapnos‐Corydalis clade, but in both cases, it is necessary to assume reversals or parallel changes elsewhere in the subfamily. Otherwise, seed morphological characters are poor phylogenetic markers at the genus level as a result of high homoplasy and polymorphism within the operational taxonomic units. Although seed morphology is not very informative for the phylogeny among the terminal taxa, most of them can be identified by a combination of characters. Ehrendorferia, Dicentra, Dactylicapnos sect. Dactylicapnos (except for Dactylicapnos paucinervia), Cysticapnos s. str. , and Pseudofumaria each possesses a unique hilar region topography and is supported as monophyletic. Three or five independent origins of arils are assumed in Fumarioideae. This is compatible with the diversity in the location of the arils (raphe vs. raphe‐hilar region) and with the morphology of the primordia. Each taxon possesses either hilar concavity or funicle receptacles, both of which may contribute to stabilization of seeds in fruits. The former state is assumed to have originated independently in four clades. A functional association is indicated among distinctly truncate hilar regions, platelike funicle apices, and explosive fruit dehiscence in Corydalis subg. Corydalis. These results emphasize the importance of funicle morphology in the functional interpretation of seed morphology.
GPU-acceleration of A High Order Finite Difference Code Using Curvilinear Coordinates

GPU-accelerated computing is becoming a popular technology due to the emergence of techniques such as OpenACC, which makes it easy to port codes in their original form to GPU systems using compiler directives, and thereby speeding up computation times relatively simply. In this study we have developed an OpenACC implementation of the high order finite difference CFD solver ESSENSE for simulating compressible flows. The solver is based on summation-by-part form difference operators, and the boundary and interface conditions are weakly implemented using simultaneous approximation terms. This case study focuses on porting code to GPUs for the most time-consuming parts namely sparse matrix vector multiplications and the evaluations of fluxes. The resulting OpenACC implementation is used to simulate the Taylor-Green vortex which produces a maximum speed-up of 61.3 on a single V100 GPU by compared to serial CPU version.
Production of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids by Callus Cultures of Salvia Tomentosa Mill.

ABSTRACT Callus cultures of Salvia tomentosa Mill. were induced and analyzed for their capacity to produce oleanolic and ursolic acids. The obtained callus lines showed high variability in their biosynthetic potentials. Flow cytometric investigations showed that this variability was due to polyploidization of plant cells in calli. Polyploidization of callus cell seems to be promoted by the growth regulators used for callus induction. One octaploid line (consisting of 8C, 16C and 32C cells) was selected as prospective producer of oleanolic (991.57 μg/g DW) and ursolic (641.85 μg/g DW) acids. To our knowledge, this is the first report for obtaining of triterpenes producing callus culture of S. tomentosa Mill.
Dothistroma septosporum on firs (Abies spp.) in the northern Baltics

Summary In the spring of 2008, Dothistroma septosporum, a damaging quarantine pathogen of pine foliage, was documented in J€ (southeastern Estonia), apparently for the first time, on white fi r( Abies concolor). Thus, a new host species and genus for the fungus were recorded. Infection of white fi rb yD. septosporum, and also of some other fir species, was monitored annually on a transect proceeding from southeastern Estonia to northern Latvia. As a result, D. septosporum was detected also on silver fi r( Abies alba). It is not clear why this fungus with a worldwide distribution appeared on this new host genus definitely in northern Europe.
Forecasting scientific and technological development as a basis for the formation of the digital economy

The transition to the next technological order, a radical change in the organization of industrial production leads to the formation of a new "intellectual economy", which opens new directions of economic growth, increases the economic efficiency of production and expands the possibilities of consumption, creating new areas of economic activity. Currently, Russia is significantly inferior to the leading countries of economic development in terms of the rate and quality of economic growth. The main reason is that the country has formed a dead-end export-raw material economic model based on increasing fuel and raw material exports. In this regard, scientific understanding of organizational and methodological problems of forming a technological basis for economic growth of the Russian economy in the context of global transformation of the world system of division of labor is one of the most important fundamental tasks facing Russian economic science. It is necessary to understand that the formation of the digital economy is possible only if there is a certain basis, expressed in the current level of scientific and technological development of the state. At the same time, its forecast estimates are necessary to understand in which direction it is necessary to move in order to provide conditions for ensuring a faster pace of formation of the digital economy. The article considers the theoretical aspects of modeling scientific and technological development, analyzes the existing experience and methodological developments in the field of modeling various indicators that characterize science and technology, offers a mathematical model of evaluation, as well as indicators for interpreting the obtained values into economic phenomena.
Comparative Study of Minimally Invasive Lumbar Decompression versus Decompressive Laminectomy with Posterolateral Transpedicular Fixation for the Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Canal Stenosis

Background: The classic laminectomy for spinal decompression was the treatment of choice of the degenerative lumbar canal stenosis (LCS). Many surgeons prefer to add instrumented lumbar fusion to avoid future instability after the removal of posterior elements. Adding fusion is associated with more bleeding and longer periods of hospitalization. Minimally invasive lumbar decompression (MILD) has been advocated for successful decompression with less bleeding loss and shorter hospitalization. Aim of the Work: To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of two different treatment modalities for degenerative LCS: the classic laminectomy with posterolateral transpedicular screw fixation and the MILD. Patients and Methods: Fifty patients with degenerative LCS were randomized from two institutions: Ain Shams University Hospital and Arab Contractors Medical Center, who underwent surgeries for degenerative LCS between 2016 and 2018 with 1-year follow-up. The study compared two cohorts: Group A – 25 patients underwent classic lumbar laminectomy with posterolateral transpedicular fixation, and Group B – 25 patients underwent MILD. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between both treatment modalities in the VAS for leg pain and back pain, the patient satisfaction index, and the Oswestry disability index after 1 year. The fusion operations were associated with higher estimates of blood loss, longer hospital stay, and more financial costs. Conclusion: MILD has the same satisfactory results as classic laminectomy with posterolateral fixation for the treatment of degenerative LCS with less bleeding loss and shorter hospitalization. Since the results are comparable, MILD is suggested in low-income countries as Egypt for economic reasons.
A Machine Learning Decision Support Framework for Industrial Engineering Purposes

Data is currently one of the most critical and influential emerging assets. However, the true potential of data is yet to be exploited since, currently, about 1% of generated data is ever actually analyzed for value creation [1]. There is a data gap where data is not explored due to the lack of data analytics infrastructure and the required data analytics skills. This study developed a decision support framework for data analytics by following Jabareen's framework development methodology. The study focused on machine learning algorithms, which is a subset of data analytics. The developed framework is designed to assist data analysts with little experience, in choosing the appropriate machine learning algorithm given the purpose of their application.
Exposing Android Ransomware using Machine Learning

The Ransomware detection reports from cyber-security companies trigger high threat in Android devices vulnerability. The study used machine learning approaches, particularly classifiers: Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Decision Trees, and AdaBoost to detect Ransomware malware. The study used dataset from HelDroid with known Ransomware's features, the dataset was transformed and feed on the classifier model. Using 5-attribute dataset feed on the classifier, the models generate high average of 98.05% accuracy rate, both on training and test sets. The same results from Naive Bayes classifiers mean cross-validation accuracy on Gaussian and Bernoulli is 97.6%, while on Multinomial is 81.6%. Feeding the binarized 229-attribute dataset, Decision Tree generates 99.08% accuracy, while the three Naive Bayes Classifiers returns 100% overfit results.
A Robot Visual SLAM Algorithm Based on Cloud Computing

Visual SLAM is becoming a hot spot mobile robot navigation. When executing SLAM tasks, traditional robots have many shortcomings, Huge data processing and computing tasks, which consumed much storage and computing resource. There is a high demand for storage and computing resources, which is in contradiction with the limited resources of the airborne hardware. Based on the advantages of cloud computing's computing resource sharing mechanism, this thesis combines robot with cloud computing to research the mobile robot's navigation using visual SLAM. Considering that robot visual SLAM is a computationally intensive task, a cloud computing service platform for robot Los SLAM is constructed. The platform is based on Openstack management platform to build a virtual environment, and uses Docker container technology to complete the design of functional service image. The full use of the platform performance makes the application of sophisticated and advanced algorithms in low-cost robots possible. On this basis, an improved visual SLAM algorithm based on ORB features is designed to realize the robot's effective perception for the unknown environment on the cloud service platform. The results of the algorithm is verified that the service platform can effectively unload the tasks of the robot to the cloud, and reduce the hardware performance requirements of the robot. At the same time, modular functional service forms can expand the functions and use scenarios of robots, break the limits of traditional robots dealing with a single scene, and help to enhance the intelligence of robots.
Research of selection of distribution in the tasks of the regional system of medical prevention

The article presents the results of research methods in the analysis of time before the event for the purpose of improving the effectiveness of medical prevention in a cohort of patients with oncopathology. We used data from medical and sociological monitoring for 10 years of observation. As a result, parametric models of survival functions are obtained. The authors presented graphs of families of parametric distributions. The developed approach was applied with the support of management decisions for the municipal concept of active longevity in the field of oncopathology.
Genetic Differentiation between the Blue and the Yellow Phenotypes of Walleye (Sander vitreus): An Example of Parallel Evolution

Abstract: Phenotypic change in closely related lineages frequently follows a common pathway in response to similar environmental conditions. This process, termed parallel evolution, results in the evolution of similar but independently derived ecotypes. Individuals with a blue phenotype are observed in some populations of walleye (Sander vitreus) from Laurentian Shield lakes. The blue phenotype may represent a case of parallel evolution: previous morphological studies revealed significant differences compared with the yellow phenotype as well as numerous lake-specific characteristics among blue individuals. The genetic variability of blue and yellow walleye phenotypes from 6 Laurentian Shield lakes was estimated using AFLP. Results clearly indicate that, whatever their phenotype, individuals from a given lake were more similar genetically than those from other lakes. However, blue and yellow phenotypes represent different populations within each lake. These results suggest the colonization of each lake by a single group of walleye followed by the parallel origin of the blue phenotype. The parallel evolution of the blue walleye phenotype could represent an excellent model for studying mechanisms underlying divergent selection and reproductive isolation.
Centripetal movement of homologs occurs at the onset of anaphase A in primary oocytes of Ephestia kuehniella Z. (Pyralidae, Lepidoptera)

The transition from metaphase to anaphase was examined in primary oocytes of the Mediterranean mealmoth, Ephestia kuehniella. Isolated spindles were analysed using phase-contrast microscopy and antitubulin immunofluorescence. Metaphase I bivalents in female Lepidoptera contain material derived from the synaptonemal complexes, the elimination chromatin, which is located between the homologs. Upon the onset of anaphase I, the homologs detach from the elimination chromatin. The present observations revealed that prior to the start of anaphase A, the homologs move centripetally, i.e., toward the central spindle axis, while the elimination chromatin remains stationary. This type of movement is not directly comparable with conventional chromosome movements such as prometaphase congression, anaphase A, and anaphase B, since it occurs at right angles to the preferential orientation of the spindle MTs. A MT-based mechanism may nevertheless account for the centripetal shift of homologs in meiosis I of the moth: bundling of kinetochore MTs of different chromosomes could transfer the chromosomes toward the spindle axis. Since the homologs move along the poleward surfaces of the plate of elimination chromatin, a MT-independent force producer could exist as well at the interface between the chromosomes and the plate of elimination chromatin. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.