Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A typology of strategies for user involvement in innovation processes

This paper investigates how an organization can involve users in innovation processes. Based on three case studies and the literature on spaces, user-driven innovations and design management, the paper develops a framework that organizes different types of user involvement strategies. The framework aims to provide a rich understanding of how innovative spaces can be staged under different management strategies. To test the framework, nine SMEs from different Danish industries were selected. The findings show that the framework needs to be flexible in order to accommodate how users can be involved in different contexts and stages of the process. In addition, the study demonstrates various approaches to innovative spaces for involving users and their interests in the company. The framework includes a critique of the one-sided promotion of certain innovation paradigms in the literature. As demonstrated in this paper, different contexts require very different innovation approaches.
On the Feasibility of a Launcher-Deployable High-Altitude Airship: Effects of Design Constraints in an Optimal Sizing Framework

When ground observation or signal relaying in the vicinity of an unfriendly operative scenario are of interest, such as for military actions or disaster relief, high-altitude airships (HAA) offer some technical benefits. Featuring a milder cost and higher deployment flexibility with respect to lower-Earth orbit satellites, these platforms, often baptized as high-altitude pseudo-satellites (HAPS), operate sufficiently far from the ground to provide better imaging coverage and farther-reaching signal relaying than standard low-flying systems, such as aircraft or helicopters. Despite the atmospheric conditions in the higher atmosphere, they offer stable airstreams and highly-predictable solar energy density, thus ideally giving the chance of smooth operation for a prolonged period of time. The design of airships for the task is often conditioned by the need to go through the lower layers of the atmosphere, featuring less predictable and often unstable aerodynamics, during the climb to the target altitude. With the aim of simultaneously largely increasing the ease and quickness of platform deployment, removing most of the design constraints for the HAPS induced by the crossing of the lower atmosphere, and thus allowing for the design of a machine best suited to matching optimal performance at altitude, the deployment of the HAA by means of a missile is an interesting concept. However, since the HAA platform should take the role of a launcher payload, the feasibility of the mission is subject to a careful negotiation of specification, such that the ensuing overall weight of the airship is as low as possible. A preliminary design technique for high-altitude airships is therefore introduced initially, customized to some features typical to missile-assisted deployment, but with the potential for broader applications. The proposed procedure bends itself to the inclusion in an optimal framework, with the aim of seeking a design solution automatically. A validation of the adopted models and assumptions on existing HAPS is proposed first. The design of the airship is then carried out in a parameterized fashion, highlighting the impact of operative and technological constraints on the resulting sizing solutions. This allows for the marking of the boundaries of the space of design solutions for a launcher-deployable airship.
Increasing Bending Performance of Soft Actuator by Silicon Rubbers of Multiple Hardness

In this study, a method for fabricating actuators made of various silicone materials is proposed to improve the flexural performance of soft-body actuators. Specifically, the redundant deformation part of the soft actuator was replaced with a material with higher hardness to limit the redundant deformation of the soft actuator. Materials with lower hardness were used to produce the main deformation part of the soft actuator, so that the soft body actuator could perform greater bending under the same air pressure and create a greater bending force. In addition, the fabricated actuator was divided into three regions in this study: the periphery of the chamber, the chamber wall (the main curved part), and the bottom surface of the actuator. The impact on the overall performance of soft-body actuators when using silicone materials with different hardness in these three regions was explored in this study. According to the idea of the multi-hardness silicone structure, an actuator with seven chambers was fabricated, and the performance of the actuator was improved by 90.72% compared with the uniform material actuator.
Dual Sounding Rocket and C/NOFS Satellite Observations of DC Electric Fields and Plasma Density in the Equatorial E‐ and F‐Region Ionosphere at Sunset

E × B plasma drifts and plasma number density were measured on two NASA rockets launched simultaneously at sunset from Kwajalein Atoll with apogees of 182 and 331 km, with similar, coincident measurements gathered on the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite at 390 km. The combined measurements portray a highly dynamic ionosphere in a narrow range of local time and altitude, providing evidence of vortex‐like motions. Although the vertical plasma drift was upwards, its magnitude was not constant, increasing between ∼150 and 250 km altitude where the plasma density was reduced. The zonal plasma drifts displayed a shear with altitude, changing from eastward to westward flow below 270 km, coincident with the larger upward drifts and consistent with the maintenance of the vortex flow. The plasma density on the western flank was highly structured compared to the eastern flank, despite the fact that the western region corresponded to slightly earlier local times. These observations illustrate that the low latitude ionosphere at sunset must be considered as an ensemble of interconnected flows encompassing an evolving “theater,” as opposed to a background that simply unfolds linearly with respect to local time. The observations also underscore how satellites at high altitudes do not capture the highly dynamic ionosphere and thermosphere at the lower altitudes which are critical for understanding the electrodynamics system. Such motions set the stage for large scale plasma instabilities to form later in the evening, as observed by radars at Kwajalein and subsequent passes of the C/NOFS satellite.
Multi-scale modeling and simulation of IR radiative drying for coil coating processes

Abstract The present work reports the development of a multi-scale model to predict and control the drying behavior of a coated substrate under infrared (IR) radiant burners. The model accounts for simultaneous heat and mass transfer in a liquid film layer, characterized by a binary polymer-solvent solution. The multi-scale model developed works with two distinguished scales, a micro(coating film)- and a macro(oven)-scale, which are connected by an iterative two-way coupling procedure. Along iterations of the coupling procedure the solution converges until it fulfills the convergence parameter prescribed. The model is widely validated with reference results and inspecting convergence criterion. Parametric studies are performed to investigate the effect of radiative over convective heating and the influence of specific oven operating conditions. It follows that drying by means of radiative energy minimizes the energy consumption, lowers the drying time, and higher drying efficiencies are achieved than with conventional convective drying.
Research on Speed and Acceleration of Hand Movements as Command Signals for Anthropomorphic Manipulators as a Master-Slave System

Due to threats to human safety, remotely controlled manipulators are more and more often used to carry out rescue tasks in hazardous zones. To ensure high efficiency and productivity of their work, intuitive control systems are necessary, e.g., master-slave and drive systems that maximize the speed of working movements by copying the movements of the operator’s hands and are adapted to human perception and capabilities. Proper design of manipulator drive and control systems, therefore, requires knowledge of the acceleration and velocity of hand movements as signals controlling manipulators. This paper presents the results of tests of speed and acceleration in the implementation of the hand when making precise movements and moving objects over short distances (0.4–0.5 m) and during relatively long-distance reaching movements (0.73–0.93 m). Research has shown that, at short distances, the hand movements do not reach the maximum speed, while at longer distances, there is a period of constant maximal speed. In addition, studies have shown that the maximum speed of manipulation movements (longitudinal, lateral, and vertical) does not depend on the direction of movement. Moreover, precise movements were performed at a much slower velocity than reaching movements.
Dynamic identification and control of PWM inverter VAr compensator using neural network

The performance and dynamic characteristic of a solid-state VAr compensator controlled by a neural network is presented and analyzed. Neural network based indirect model reference adaptive control (NN-MRAC) theory is used to design the multioutput nonlinear controller structure. Simulation results of the closed loop control system using a multioutput nonlinear neural network controller demonstrate desirable reactive power compensation and voltage regulation.
Pembagunan Sistem Informasi Geografis Berbasis Web Untuk Pemetaan Industri Kreatif Berbasis Budaya Di Kota Surakarta

Bila pada masa lalu sektor pertanian menjadi penggerak roda perekonomian yang dominan, pada masa kini kegiatan-kegiatan ekonomi berbasis kreativitas dan inovasi juga menjadi penggerak perekonomian yang penting. Ekonomi berbasis kreatif dipresentasikan melalui industri kreatif yang bermodalkan ide-ide kreatif, talenta dan keterampilan serta ide-ide terbarukan. Kota Surakarta memiliki potensi industri kreatif yang dapat diandalkan, terutama industri kreatif yang berbasis budaya. Hal itu karena, Kota Surakarta sudah memiliki sejarah panjang di bidang kreatif seperti desain. Selain itu kultur budaya yang begitu kuat membuat seni pertunjukan berkembang pesat. Industri kreatif berbasis budaya di Kota Surakarta saat ini tersebar dihampir seluruh wilayahnya, kebanyakan industri dalam skala kecil (rumahan) sampai menengah. Untuk mengetahui persebaran industri kreatif berbasis budaya di Kota Surakarta, perlu dilakukan pemetaan. Agar mendapatkan hasil yang optimal dibutuhkan keterlibatan atau partisipasi dari masyarakat dalam pemetaaan persebaran industri kreatif berbasis budaya di Kota Surakarta. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pembangunan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) berbasis Web atau yang lebih dikenal sebagai WebGIS . Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah WebGIS Industri Kreatif Berbasis Budaya Kota Surakarta yang menyajikan informasi mengenai lokasi, atribut, serta industri kreatif berbasis budaya, serta dilengkapi dengan fitur untuk menambah lokasi dan atribut, memperbaiki atribut, dan mencari industri kreatif berbasis budaya.
L-Arginine Improves Cognitive Impairment in Hypertensive Frail Older Adults

Cognitive impairment is a prevailing event in hypertensive patients and in frail older adults. Endothelial dysfunction has been shown to underlie both hypertension and cognitive dysfunction. Our hypothesis is that L-Arginine, which is known to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction, could counteract cognitive impairment in a high-risk population of hypertensive frail older adults. We designed a clinical trial to verify the effects of 4-weeks oral supplementation of L-Arginine on global cognitive function of hypertensive frail older patients. The study was successfully completed by 35 frail hypertensive elderly patients assigned to L-Arginine and 37 assigned to placebo. At follow-up, we found a significant difference in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test score between the L-Arginine treated group and placebo (p: 0.0178). Moreover, we demonstrated that L-Arginine significantly attenuates Angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress in human endothelial cells. In conclusion, our findings indicate for the first time that oral L-Arginine supplementation significantly improves cognitive impairment in frail hypertensive older adults. Clinical Trial Registration www.ClinicalTrials. gov, identifier: NCT04962841.
Annotating Spike Protein Polymorphic Amino Acids of Variants of SARS-CoV-2, Including Omicron

The prolonged global spread and community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the emergence of variants and brought questions regarding disease severity and vaccine effectiveness. We conducted simple bioinformatics on the spike gene of a representative of each variant. The data show that a number of polymorphic amino acids are located mostly on the amino-terminal side of the S1/S2 cleavage site. The Omicron variant diverges from the others, with the highest number of amino acid substitutions, including the receptor-binding site (RBS), epitopes, S1/S2 cleavage site, fusion peptide, and heptad repeat 1. The current sharp global increase in the frequency of the Omicron genome constitutes evidence of its high community transmissibility. In conclusion, the proposed guideline could give an immediate insight of the probable biological nature of any variant of SARS-Cov-2. As the Omicron diverged the farthest from the original pandemic strain, Wuhan-Hu-1, we expect different epidemiological and clinical patterns of Omicron cases. On vaccine efficacy, slight changes in some epitopes while others are conserved should not lead to a significant reduction in the effectiveness of an approved vaccine.
Machine Learning and Signal Processing Based Analysis of sEMG Signals for Daily Action Classification

The way of living of many individuals around the world endures as a result of mental and physical disability associated with the movement of limbs. The usage of the assistive technology and systems will enhance the quality of affected peoples. In this situation, by transforming the physical actions from movement to a computer assisted application can open the way for solution. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) introduce the non-invasive procedure through which we can convert the physical activity to signals for classification and then practice it in applications. In this paper, we suggest a machine learning based scheme for the classification of 20 physical actions. The scheme follow up the distinct features from various signatures includes time-domain, frequency-domain and inter-channel statistics of a sEMG signal. Afterward, we performed a comparative examination of k-NN and SVM classifier by considering the feature set for multiple normal and aggressive activities. Effect of different arrangements of feature set has also been reported. Eventually, the SVM classifier gives an accuracy of 100% for 10 normal actions and 1-NN for a subgroup of features achieves an accuracy of 98.91% for 10 aggressive actions respectively. Additionally, we combine both SVM and 1-NN to propose a hybrid approach to classify 20 physical actions. The hybrid classifier gives an accuracy of 98.97% respectively. These recommendations are valuable for algorithm designer to select the finest approach by keeping in mind the resources available for the execution of an algorithm.
Quantum dot bioconjugate platforms for analysis of enzyme activity

Quantum dots are semiconductor nanocrystals with size-dependent optical properties that result from their nanoscale dimensions. These materials are emerging as simpler and more sensitive alternatives to traditional fluorescent small molecules and radioactive reporters in biomarker assays. Quantum dot emission can be modulated via proximal binding of organic dyes or gold nanoparticles, which can form the basis of a sensor. Their multivalency and ease of functionalisation allow for the attachment of multiple biosensing ligands, boosting the detection sensitivity. Quantum dots with different emission wavelengths can be excited simultaneously and distinguished from one another spectrally, a property which can be used for multiplexing. Enzymes mediate the chemical modification of proteins thereby controlling the signalling cascades that regulate cell behaviour. Hence, aberrant activity of enzymes can be associated with the onset of disease. Clinical tests typically determine the total concentration of enzyme in a sample without regard to quantification of activity. In this thesis, the development of generic activity-dependent tests for acetyltransferases, kinases and proteases is described. Enzyme activity is reported via decoration of quantum dots with enzyme substrate peptides and subsequent binding of FRET acceptor dye-labelled antibodies, which mediate changes in quantum dot emission spectra. Using this platform, p300 histone acetyltransferase was detected with a limit of detection comparable to that of radiolabelling assays. Modifications of the platform to detect serine and tyrosine phosphorylation were investigated. The phosphotyrosine assay was combined with a gold nanoparticle-quantum dot assay for the detection of a kinase/protease biomarker pair relevant for the determination of breast cancer prognosis. The modular nature of this assay design allowed for the detection of different classes of enzymes singly and simultaneously, representing a generic platform for high-throughput enzyme screening in rapid disease diagnosis and drug discovery.
Assessing the Impact of Cumulus Parameterization Schemes on Simulated Summer Wind Speed over Mainland China

Wind speed is an important meteorological parameter, whose simulation is influenced by various physical process parameterizations. However, the impact of cumulus parameterization schemes (CPSs) on wind speed simulation at the climate scale has not been sufficiently investigated in previous studies. Using the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (ARWv3) and hydrostatic wind speed change equation, we assessed the effects of four CPSs on a 10 m wind speed simulation over mainland China in the summer of 2003. In general, different CPSs can reproduce the wind speed distribution. Meanwhile, the sensitivity of wind speed simulation to CPSs was found to be the highest in East and southern China, followed by the Tibetan Plateau, and then Northwest China. We found that the main physical processes influencing wind speed (i.e., the pressure gradient (PRE), diffusion (DFN), and convection (CON) terms) vary greatly with sub-regions. CPSs mainly affect the secondary CON that regulates the balance between the dominant terms PRE and DFN, and also has a significant effect on PRE. For example, for CON, the difference index (DIF) between the Kain–Fritsch (KF) and previous KF (pKF) CPSs is larger than 20%, corresponding to a PRE DIF of about 14%. The term of local wind speed change (Vt) is significantly more sensitive to the CPSs than the other terms with a DIF of 283% over the Tibetan Plateau, suggesting high CPS sensitivity of the simulated wind speed. In addition, we explained the causes of the CPS-induced sensitivities. This work helps understand the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) performance and emphasizes the importance of the CPS choice in simulating/forecasting wind speed.
Functional Characteristics of Kombucha Fermented with Lactic Acid
 Bacteria, Yeast, and Acetic Acid Bacteria Derived from Korea Traditional
 Foods

In this study, to determine the importance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in Kombucha fermentation, biological functions, such as organic acid production and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, of Kombucha, with or without LAB inoculation, were evaluated. Lactobacillus paracasei DK215, Saccharomyces cerevisiae C3, and Acetobacter pasteurianus P2 were selected as the inoculants. Organic acids were measured every 3 days from the end of fermentation using HPLC; the organic acid content of LAB-inoculated Kombucha was relatively high. Samples with or without LAB inoculation showed high antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The MTT assay results indicated no significant difference in concentration difference and cell death. In the NO production test, compared with the uninoculated Kombucha sample, the LAB-inoculated Kombucha sample exhibited a value similar to that of the group without LPS treatment. The levels of cytokine (IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α) production were significantly lower than those of the LPS(+) group, indicating the anti-inflammatory activity potential of the Kombucha sample. This improvement in the biological function of the LAB-inoculated Kombucha further verifies the value of LAB in the fermented food and beverage industry. This study was conducted to evaluate the potentially beneficial biological functions of Kombucha inoculated with LAB, such as organic acid production, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial activity and antioxidant capacity, compared to Kombucha normally fermented using yeast and AAB. Lactobacillus paracasei DK215, Saccharomyces cerevisiae C2, Acetobacter pasteurianus P2 was selected and used in the experiment. day KWL, acid was was confirmed that it reached g/L. case KWOL, the organic acid content was relatively low at g/L for acetic acid and 1.1 g/L for glucuronic acid. Except for acetic acid and glucuronic acid, the three organic acids were very little or not measured in the two types of Kombucha studied. This was judged to improve the fermentation characteristics in symbiosis with other strains when inoculating LAB into Kombucha.