Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the design of Kepler refractive shaping system with the long working focal depth

Unlike the conventional design of aspheric shaping systems, in order to provide a laser source for applications such as multi-beam laser interference, which can maintain evenly distributed power over a large distance, the influence of shape parameter and aperture on long-distance propagation performance of Kepler refractive beam shaping system is studied. Current work describes the lens, designed automatically by using ZEMAX programming language (ZPL), and simulations of Kepler refractive shaping systems of flattened Lorenz (FL) beams with different shape parameters and apertures.
Geometrical Degrees of Freedom for Cellular Structures Generation: A New Classification Paradigm

Cellular structures (CSs) have been used extensively in recent years, as they offer a unique range of design freedoms. They can be deployed to create parts that can be lightweight by introducing controlled porous features, while still retaining or improving their mechanical, thermal, or even vibrational properties. Recent advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have helped to increase the feasibility and adoption of cellular structures. The layer-by-layer manufacturing approach offered by AM is ideal for fabricating CSs, with the cost of such parts being largely independent of complexity. There is a growing body of literature concerning CSs made via AM; this presents an opportunity to review the state-of-the-art in this domain and to showcase opportunities in design and manufacturing. This review will propose a novel way of classifying cellular structures by isolating their Geometrical Degrees of Freedom (GDoFs) and will explore the recent innovations in additively manufactured CSs. Based on the present work, the design inputs that are common in CSs generation will be highlighted. Furthermore, the work explores examples of how design inputs have been used to drive the design domain through various case studies. Finally, the review will highlight the manufacturability limitations of CSs in AM.
Challenges for drift-diffusion simulations of semiconductors: A comparative study of different discretization philosophies

We analyze and benchmark the error and the convergence order of finite difference, finiteelement as well as Voronoï finite-volume discretization schemes for the drift-diffusion equations describing charge transport in bulk semiconductor devices. Three common challenges, that can corrupt the precision of numerical solutions, will be discussed: boundary layers at Ohmic contacts, discontinuties in the doping profile, and corner singularities in L-shaped domains. The influence on the order of convergence is assessed for each computational challenge and the different discretization schemes. Additionally, we provide an analysis of the inner boundary layer asymptotics near Ohmic contacts to support our observations.
A T ] 2 8 M ay 2 01 8 The reflection distance between zigzag persistence modules

By invoking the reflection functors introduced by Bernstein, Gelfand, and Ponomarev in 1973, in this paper we define a metric on the space of all zigzag modules of a given length, which we call the reflection distance. We show that the reflection distance between two given zigzag modules of the same length is an upper bound for the l -bottleneck distance between their respective persistence diagrams.
Significance of exposed grain surface area in coarse particle flotation of low-grade gold ore with the hydrofloatTM technology

Conventional flotation machines are typically limited to a particle topsize of 150-200 microns due to inherent constraints created by the pulp and froth phases. To overcome these limitations, a novel fluidized-bed flotation system called the HydroFloat TM Separator has been developed specifically for the purpose of floating coarse particles containing only small amounts of exposed hydrophobic minerals. Over the last decade, this technology has been successfully applied to industrial minerals with several full-scale units installed to recover particles up to and exceeding 3,000 m diameter. More recently, sulfide-based test work has shown that this novel device is also capable of recovering metalliferous values at a grind size that is much coarser than currently used in industrial concentrators. In the current study, high resolution Xray microtomography (HRXMT) was used to experimentally compare the degree of exposed grain surface area necessary to recover coarse particles using the HydroFloat TM technology to that attainable using a traditional mechanical flotation cell. The data indicate that exposed grain surface area is a critical factor for coarse particle flotation. For the gold-bearing sulfide ore examined in this study, the HRXMT data suggest that near complete recoveries of coarse (850x500 m) multiphase particles containing as little as 1% exposed grain surface area were realistically attainable using the HydroFloat TM technology. As such, this new technology may offer a unique opportunity for increasing concentrator capacity by increasing the primary grind size needed for rougher/scavenger separations.
Glaucoma Development of a Model of Elevated Intraocular Pressure in Rats by Gene Transfer of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2

Citation: Buie LK, Karim MZ, Smith MH, Borrás T. Development of a model of elevated intraocular pressure in rats by gene transfer of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:5441–5455. DOI:10.1167/ iovs.13-11651 PURPOSE. To determine whether inducing calcification in the trabecular meshwork results in elevated IOP in living rats. To use this property to create an elevated IOP animal model by gene transfer of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2).
Experimental verification of computer model for polymer plastication process in injection molding

This paper is a continuation of the work on a comprehensive model of the plastication process in injection molding. The aim of this research is the analysis of the results generated by the proposed mo- del by comparing these results with the wide experimental characteristics of real plasticating system of injection molding machine for two polymers — PE-LD and PE-HD, differing in rheological and thermal properties due to the different physical structure of both polymers. It was found that the model correctly determines the dynamics of changes of characteristics of the plastication process by changing the input parameters of the process. The average quantitative differences between the experimental and theoretical characteristics do not exceed 20 %. Computer model still requires minor changes to improve compliance of model results with characteristics of real unit of injection molding machine, primarily for determining more accurate values of melt pressure and torque.
Extending a Bayesian Belief Network for ecosystem evaluation

This paper explores the use of a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) to model ecosystem services valuation. It links the stages of the process from the functioning of the natural ecosystems through the delivery of service to the human stakeholders to the valuation stakeholders put on the service delivery. The BBN is a graphical decision tool with nodes representing the states of the system and links encapsulating the evidence for dependence between parent and child nodes. A BBN differs from other decision tools because it uses probabilistic reasoning throughout, and so these networks can propagate uncertainty and can adjust for differing spatial and temporal scale dependences. The framework has been developed through application to case studies and through consideration of the requirements of one of Scotland’s National Parks. Further developments to improve the use of the tool for ecosystem services and environmental impact assessment are discussed.
An Ultrasonic Through-Metal-Wall Power Transfer System with Regulated DC Output

This paper presents a novel and efficient system capable of transmitting medium-power electric energy through a solid metal wall and generating a regulated direct current (DC) output. The electric power is transmitted using radio frequency (RF) ultrasound without physical penetration. An RF alternating current to direct current converter with input impedance matching is used to convert the transmitted RF signal to a DC output, which is directly suitable as a power supply for electronic devices. The system is constructed from commercial off-the-shelf components, and a computer-controlled measurement method is designed to test the effectiveness of the full system. The measurement results show that the system is able to transfer power through a 40-mm-thick stainless steel plate and generate 5-V, 15.7-W regulated DC output power with an overall power transfer efficiency of 27.7%. In addition, the effectiveness of the system is successfully demonstrated by powering ARM® evaluation boards with liquid-crystal display panels. A discussion of potential enhancements that could be made to improve the transfer capability and efficiency of the system is also presented. This system could be applied to improve safety and preserve structural integrity in many industrial and military applications, such as submarines, space crafts, planes, nuclear storage facilities, etc.
I Selection of Gamma Radiation Dose for Decontamination of Some Personal Care Products

N THIS STUDY, the bacterial evaluation of 74 personal care . products representing 16 brands revealed that 43 samples representing 10 brands were contaminated with bacteria. The isolated bacterial contaminants from the samples of each brand were prepared in mixed populations to determine the gamma irradiation lethal doses (kGy). The range of the lethal doses was found to be from 10 to 25 kGy. The radiation-resistant bacteria isolates from hair gel brands were Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus brevis and Micrococcus luteus. From hair cream brands, they were Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus mutans. While, from wet wipes brands they were Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus brevis, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus mutans. The radiationresistant bacteria were selected to study their response to gamma radiation and the D10 values were calculated from the dose response curves and they ranged from 0.65 to 2.2 kGy. The highest lethal doses were applied to the selected contaminated personal care products to ensure the success of the process of decontamination of the tested personal care products using gamma irradiation.
Influence of Compost Amendment on Soil Biological Properties and Plants

Soil has been a source of wealth for humans for thousand of years and it continues at present. As a consequence of this prolonged exploitation, significant tracts of soil have become barren land nowadays. Both mineral and organic amendments have been applied to soil in an attempt to slow down this progressive impoverishment, and compost is one of the most effective amendments The addition of compost to the soil improves not only physico-chemical properties like aeration, cation exchange capacity, buffer capacity or porosity, but biotic factors too. From a biological point of view, compost can positively affect microbial populations and their enzymatic activities and stimulates the development of plants by means of the presence of growth factors or the increase of antagonistic activity against phytopatogens, among other factors. Moreover, biological activity, mainly microbial activity, plays a key role in soil stability and fertility on account of its participation in structuring processes as well as in biogeochemichal cycles. Thus, modifications of biological properties caused by compost amendments have either an indirect effect on physico-chemical conditions. Therefore, benefits of compost in relation to soil restoration are substantial. Due to these positive effects, compost is applied not only for the improvement of agricultural soils, but for the recovery of disturbed soils as a consequence of pollution or fires or soils given to suffer erosion. Nevertheless, since some aspects of the way in which this positive influence is produced remain unclear, a better understanding of the process, mainly from a biological point of view, is needed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Concentration Processes under Tubesheet Sludge Piles in Nuclear Steam Generators

The process by which bulk water solutes are concentrated unuer tubesheet sluuge piles in nuc. ;! eClr sleClrTl generClturs was investigated in the laboratory under simulated CANDU operating conditions. Concentration rates were found to depend on the tube heat flux and pile depth, although beyond a critical depth the concentration efficiency decreased. This efficiency could be expressed by a concentration coefficient. and was found to depend also on the sludge pile porosity. Solute concentration profiles in the sludge pile suggested that the concentration mechanism in a high-porosity / permeability pile is characterized by boiling mainly near or at the tube surface, while in low-porosity piles, the change of phase may also become important in the body of the sludge pile. In all cases, the full depth of the pile was active to some extent in the concentration process. As long as the heat transfer under the pile was continued, the solute remained under the pile and slowly migrated toward the bottom. When the heat transfer was stopped, the solute diffused back into the bulk solution at a rate slower than that of the concentration process.
Evaluation of Five Extraction Methods for Predicting Available Forms of Iron in Soils of Southeastern , Nigeria

Available forms of iron in soils can be assessed through the use of chemical extraction methods. Soil test provide an indication of nutrient level in the soil and together with plant analysis are important agronomic tools for determining crop nutrient needs, predicting the nutrient-deficient areas and preventing the deficiency. This study was therefore conducted in laboratory and greenhouse environment to evaluate suitable extraction method for predicting available forms of iron in soils of southeastern Nigeria, using five extraction procedures (Coca-cola, 0.05M EDTA, 1N NH4OAC +0.05M EDTA, 1N NH4OAC and O.1N HCl). Iron uptake by maize (Zea mays L.) plants was analyzed together with the Fe content in the soils in which maize plants were grown under greenhouse conditions. Iron content in maize plants were determined by AAS. The results obtained in this study shows that Coca-cola method extracted the highest amount of the Fe (12.77 mgkg) while, 1N NH4OAC +0.05M EDTA extracted the least amount of Fe (4.48 mgkg -1 ) with an average of 7.33 mgkg -1 . Coca-cola-extractable Fe correlated positively and significantly with Fe concentration (r = 0.650**) and Fe uptake (r = 0.712***) while, O.1N HCland 0.05M EDTA-extractable Fe had significant positive correlations with dry matter yield and Fe uptake. Their r values being, (0.630** and 0.676**) and (0.601** and 0.588*), respectively. Moreover, the result obtained from the regression equations corresponded with the correlations values determined. Accordingly, the study indicates that, the order of significance for the extracting solutions is as follows: Cocacola > O.1N HCl > 0.05M EDTA > 1N NH4OAC > 0.05M EDTA+1N NH4OAc. Thus, the high correlations (r) values of extractable Fe with soil properties and yield parameters suggests the superiority of Coca-cola, O.1N HCl and 0.05M EDTA extractants over others extractants but, the Coca-cola method was determined to be the most suitable extractant for predicting available Fe content for soils of southeastern Nigeria. However, in the absent of Coca-cola extractant, HCl and EDTA methods can equally be used in the determination of available Fe in these soils.
Sensitivity to Kinship: From Electrophysiological Perspective

It is well known that different person have specific psychological meaning to us. We usually feel more positive to intimates (kin) than relatively non-intimate ones (non-kin). However, until recently, the underlying mechanism about kinship remains poorly understood. Thus, we further investigated whether the degree of kinship between a perceiver and a target person leads to the perceiver’s specific electrophysiological response. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) of 22 participants (age: 20.8 ± 2.13) were observed when changed the degree of kinship (father, uncle, acquaintance) in morally laden scenarios. Our results demonstrated that the amplitudes of neural response varied among kins and acquaintance. Specifically, fronto-central positive activity at 180 - 230 ms (P2) and central-parietal late positive activity at 350 - 500 ms (LPC) were of larger mean amplitude in response to father than to uncle and acquaintance, which are indicative of intense information processing and sensitivity to a lineal relative in moral cognitive context. Those findings showed direct evidences of consanguineous bias in moral-related contexts, which will provide valuable reference for intervention of tensioned relationship and other related disorders.
Nonlinear Gaseous Density Waves and Galactic Shocks

The perturbations in the flow of interstellar gas which result from steady forcing by spiral gravitational fields of various strengths are followed. The density response is quite nonlinear even if the amplitude of the spiral field maintained by the disk stars is only a small fraction of the basic axisymmetric field. An analytical study of the properties of slightly nonlinear flows yields certain results which are qualitatively similar to those found numerically for fully nonlinear flows, Galactic shocks arise naturally, indeed necessarily, if the strength of the underlying spiral gravitational field exceeds a certain critical value. The breadth of the zone of high gas compression depends critically on whether the Doppler-shifted phase-velocity of the stellar density wave is greater than or less than the effective acoustic speed'' of the gas. In the former case, very narrow compression zones result; in the latter, quite broad zones. This distinction may explain why some galaxies have narrow optical arms while others have broad optical arms. In addition, a certain range of values for the intrinsic frequency of the wave gives rise to ultraharmonic resonances which can introduce secondary compressions of the interstellar gas. Finally, this result may relate directly to the origin ofmore » the Carina spiral feature in the Galaxy as well as to the phenomena of branches, spurs, and feathers which are often seen in external spiral galaxies. « less
Time-optimal quantum control via differential geometry

Compared with many other methods which only give time sub-optimal designs, the quantum brachistochrone equation has a great potential to provide accurate time-optimal protocols for essentially any quantum control problem. So far it has been of limited use, however, due to the inadequacy of conventional numerical methods to solve it. Here, using differential geometry, we reformulate the quantum brachistochrone curves as geodesics on the unitary group. This identification allows us to design a numerical method that can efficiently solve the brachistochrone problem by first solving a family of geodesic equations.
Learning Algorithms for Broad-Coverage Semantic Parsing

Broad-coverage semantics holds great potential for improving a variety of downstream applications, such as question-answering, relation extraction, and paraphrasing. However, parsers for broad-coverage semantics, in their current formulation, are heavily reliant on features from predicted syntax. Even with the advancement of deep neural approaches, semantic parsers still incorporate syntactic pipelining to achieve their best performance. In this thesis, we argue that while syntax is crucial for broad-coverage semantic parsing, a reliance on predicted syntax through a pipeline is not sustainable. Predicted syntax tends to be error-prone and not robust to changes in domain. Moreover, discrete syntactic features which used to be the cornerstone for broad-coverage semantic parsing, are not amenable for incorporation in a pipeline involving neural architectures. To overcome these challenges, we present three techniques to incorporate varying degrees of syntactic supervision towards learning broad-coverage semantics. The first approach jointly learns syntactic trees and semantic graphs through direct supervision for both, in an end-to-end architecture. The second approach uses a multi-task learning architecture to learn semantic graphs and only a few relevant syntactic substructures from Penn Treebank which are likely to help in learning the former. Both achieve a performance on par with elaborately engineered pipelines. We propose a third approach which obviates the need for any syntactic supervision, circumventing the domain and language-specific nature of syntactic annotations. The theme underlying all the above approaches is continuous representation learning for the input sentence, as well as intermediate structures. We conclude by illustrating benefits of broad-coverage semantics for reading comprehension and paraphrase generation for question answering. The techniques presented in this thesis marry advances in continuous representation learning to linguistic insights and resources acquired over more than a decade of NLP research, and will hopefully steer us towards building more robust NLP applications.
Investigations on Natural Frequencies of Individual Spherical and Ellipsoidal Bakery Yeast Cells

In this paper, a Finite Element (FE) modal analysis is employed to estimate the natural frequencies of individual spherical and ellipsoidal cells (Bakery Yeast cell). It is apparent that the mechanical properties of the living cells and particularly the natural frequencies might be related to the health condition of cells, and therefore a comprehensive analysis is carried out to determine the natural frequencies of individual cells. The natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes are determined using COMSOL software for specific type of cell whose elastic properties of cell have been measured experimentally. The results obtained from the finite element modal analysis of an individual cell are compared to the latest reports available on the natural frequencies of the Bakery Yeast cell.
setProper rule ( LD + LC ) Overlap resolution Max ( LD ) NER match Title case heuristic Linkable mentions NIL mentions True False False

Ugglan is a system designed to discover named entities and link them to unique identifiers in a knowledge base. It is based on a combination of a name and nominal dictionary derived from Wikipedia and Wikidata, a named entity recognition module (NER) using fixed ordinallyforgetting encoding (FOFE) trained on the TAC EDL data from 2014-2016, a candidate generation module from the Wikipedia link graph across multiple editions, a PageRank link and cooccurrence graph disambiguator, and finally a reranker trained on the TAC EDL 2015-2016 data. In our first participation in the TAC trilingual entity discovery and linking task, we obtained a strong typed mention match of 0.701 (Ugglan2), a strong typed all match of 0.592 (Ugglan4), and typed mention ceaf of 0.595 (Ugglan1).
1/ f noise reduction of metal‐oxide‐semiconductor transistors by cycling from inversion to accumulation

A new experimental setup for the study of 1/ f noise of metal‐oxide‐semiconductor transistor under nonsteady state conditions is presented. The noise measurements demonstrate for the first time that, by interposing periods of negative bias corresponding to accumulation between the monitored periods of positive bias corresponding to inversion, the low‐frequency noise sampled in the positive bias intervals is reduced.