Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with duration of hospital stay and complications in patients with COVID-19

Department of medical administration, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Lab of Biosafety Level 3, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China Contributions: (I) Conception and design: FJ Chen, FR Li, JZ Zheng; (II) Administrative support: CL Lei, XB Wu, JY Lu; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: FJ Chen, H Dong; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: R Zhou, KY Wu, HM Liu; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: FR Li, JZ Zheng; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. These authors contributed equally to this work. Correspondence to: Xian-Bo Wu. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Email: wuxb1010@smu.edu. cn; Chun-Liang Lei. Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Email: gz8hlcl@126.com; Jian-Yun Lu. Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyun District Qi De Road, Guangzhou, China. Email: 258506273@qq.com.
Exploring Macroinvertebrates Ecological Preferences and Trait-Based Indicators of Suspended Fine Sediment Effects in the Tsitsa River and Its Tributaries, Eastern Cape, South Africa

The taxonomy-based response pattern of macroinvertebrates to sediment stress is well established, with tolerant taxa increasing in impacted conditions, while sensitive taxa decrease along a deteriorating water quality gradient. However, the distribution patterns of traits in response to environmental stress gradient, including suspended sediments, remain unclear, particularly in Africa, where trait-based studies are under-explored. We examined the distribution patterns of macroinvertebrate traits along a suspended sediment stress gradient and identified tolerant and sensitive traits for suspended sediment stress. We sampled macroinvertebrates and environmental variables seasonally in winter, spring, summer and autumn of 2016 to 2018 in eight selected sites in the Tsitsa River and its tributaries. We selected 12 traits and ecological preferences, resolved them into 47 trait attributes, and analysed them using the RLQ and fourth-corner analyses. Our results revealed that macroinvertebrate traits and ecological preferences were differentially influenced by fine suspended sediments in the Tsitsa River and its tributaries. Traits such as a preference for CPOM, collector-filtering, and a high sensitivity to oxygen depletion, were deemed sensitive to suspended sediments stress, exhibiting positive associations with the control sites, and negatively associated with any of the environmental parameters (sediment grain sizes, turbidity, TSS and EC). Tolerant indicator traits included a high tolerance of oxygen depletion, skating and a preference for FPOM. The fourth-corner analysis results indicated that suspended fine sediment grain sizes, (including coarse sand, fine silt and clay) were the most important variables influencing macroinvertebrate trait distribution patterns during the dry season, while gravel, mud and medium sand were more important during the wet season. Overall, our study provided critical insights towards trait-based responses of macroinvertebrates communities to suspended sediment stress, key information that could stimulate the development of macroinvertebrate trait-based biomonitoring tools for the assessment of suspended sediment stress in the Afrotropical region.
A pilot study to assess stress and coping among primary caregivers of patients with leukemia

Background: Caring hematologic cancer patients by the caregivers is very stressful. Aim of the study was to assess stress and coping among the caregivers. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive pilot study, stress and coping was assessed with Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and BRIEF-COPE scale respectively in 30 primary family caregivers of hematologic cancer patients. Results: Among caregivers 63.33% had moderate stress, 33.33% had mild stress and 3.33% had severe stress. Also 93.33% had average while 6.67% had good coping skills. While stress was significantly related to government job employee and to nuclear families, no significant relation of coping with any demographic variables was seen. Caregivers adopted both active and passive coping. Conclusion: Most of the caregivers of hematologic cancer patients experience moderate stress and had average coping skills. It is important to establish a care program, so that caregivers can maintain their own health and provide the best care to the patient.
Partner Selection Across the Life-Course: Age Variation in Partner Preferences in the Czech Republic

The proportion of people seeking a partner later in life has increased in recent decades. However, studies exploring age variation in partner preferences are quite rare. We aim to fill this gap by examining the partner preferences for household care skills, financial resources, and education of unpartnered individuals aged 19–65 years (n = 1145) who participated in speed-dating events in the Czech Republic. We hypothesized that the importance of these characteristics varies with age, and that this variance may differ for men and women. The results show that gender differences concerning these characteristics are mostly stable across age groups. The exception is the importance of household care skills, which increases for older men and decreases for older women. We found that older adults value financial resources more than younger adults, and that this increase is true for women and men. Finally, we did not find evidence that the importance of education differs with age.
Adolescents’ Exposure to Online Risks: Gender Disparities and Vulnerabilities Related to Online Behaviors

In the last decade, readily available electronic devices have created unprecedented opportunities for teens to access a wide variety of information and media–both positive and negative–on the internet. Despite the increasing number of initiatives taking place worldwide intended to assess and mitigate the online risks encountered by children and adolescents, there is still a need for a better understanding of how adolescents use the internet and their susceptibility to exposure to risks in the online space. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of a convenience sample of 733 8th and 9th grade students in Utah. The survey contained eight questions regarding students’ exposure to three types of online risk scenarios: content risk, contact risk, and criminal risk. Independent variables included students’ online behaviors, use of social media and private messaging apps, and adult supervision of online activities. Logistic and negative binomial regression models indicated that gender, social media use, and chatting with strangers were associated with exposure to multiple risky online scenarios. Our results provide critical information to educators involved in the development of initiatives focusing on the reduction of youth online risk by identifying correlates of risky online events, allowing them to tailor their initiatives to meet the needs of potentially vulnerable populations.
Flood risk assessment of the European road network

Abstract. River floods pose a significant threat to road transport infrastructure in Europe. This study presents a high-resolution object-based continental-scale assessment of direct flood risk of the European road network for the present climate, using high-resolution exposure data from OpenStreetMap. A new set of road-specific damage functions is developed. The expected annual direct damage from large river floods to road infrastructure in Europe is EUR 230 million per year. Compared to grid-based approaches, the object-based approach is more precise and provides more action perspective for road owners because it calculates damage directly for individual road segments while accounting for segment-specific attributes. This enables the identification of European hotspots, such as roads in the Alps and along the Sava River. A first comparison to a reference case shows that the new object-based method computes realistic damage estimates, paving the way for targeted risk reduction strategies.
Simulation of Low Inertia Power Systems Based on Shifted Frequency Analysis

New types of power system transients with lower time constants are emerging due to the replacement of synchronous generation with converter interfaced generation and are challenging the modeling approaches conventionally applied in power system simulation. Quasi-stationary simulations are based on classical phasor models, whereas EMT simulations calculate the instantaneous values of models in the time domain. In addition to these conventional modeling approaches, this paper investigates simulation based on dynamic phasor models, as has been proposed by the Shifted Frequency Analysis. The simulation accuracy of the three modeling approaches was analyzed for characteristic transients from the electromagnetic to the electromechanical phenomena range, including converter control as well as low inertia transients. The analysis was carried out for systems with converter interfaced and synchronous generation whilst considering the simulation step size as a crucial influence parameter. The results show that simulations based on dynamic phasors allow for larger step sizes than simulations that calculate the instantaneous values in the time domain. This can facilitate the simulation of more complex component models and larger grid sizes. In addition, with dynamic phasors, more accurate simulation results were obtained than with classical phasors, in particular—but not exclusively—in a low inertia case. Overall, the presented work demonstrates that dynamic phasors can enable fast and accurate simulations during the transition to low inertia power systems.
Coding DGS resonator sensor for ultra-high Q-factor dielectric thickness detection

In this paper, a high Q-factor-based defective ground structure (DGS) etched microwave resonator is demonstrated to identify the unknown thickness of non-destructive monolayer dielectric material. The proposed structure consists of coupled sharp-edged split-square resonator (CS-SSR), a high-impedance microstrip line, and symmetrically coded DGS optimized by adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA), which is evaluated through simulation and experiment assessment. AGA is applied to obtain ultra-high quality factor (Q-factor) using a robust calculation model with rapid convergence speed. The high Q-factor leads to high sensitivity, better accuracy, and enhanced resolution of the microwave sensor. Furthermore, the comparison of the results between the codeless, asymmetrical, and symmetrical DGS resonator illustrates that the symmetrical coding DGS resonator with higher sensitivity and better performance for dielectric material thickness detection sensors.
Soil Water Retention and Soil Compaction Assessment in a Regional-Scale Strategy to Improve Climate Change Adaptation of Agriculture in Navarre, Spain

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the different agricultural management adaptive strategies considered in the framework of a regional climate change adaptation roadmap in Navarre (Spain), from the point of view of soil physical indicators associated to soil compaction and water retention. These indicators were chosen as representative of the potential of these strategies to improve the soil physical condition. That for, the effectiveness of conservation agriculture (CA), crop rotations (ROT), additions of organic matter (ExO), irrigation (IRR) and innovative grassland management (GSS) was assessed by monitoring soil bulk density (BD) and soil available water holding capacity (AWHC) in a network of 159 agricultural fields across homogeneous agro-climatic zones in the region. A sampling protocol designed to compare groups of plots with or without adaptive practices, and with equal soil characteristics within each zone, allowed to determine the effect size of each strategy (measured as response ratios, RR, calculated as the relative value of BD and AWHC in fields with adaptive management vs. without). Both parameters responded to soil and crop management, although the observed effect was highly variable. Only the ExO strategy showed an overall positive effect on BD. ROT, IRR and GSS displayed no effect and, in the case of CA, the effect was negative. In terms of AWHC, although the results within the zones were heterogeneous, the overall effect associated to the strategies ROT, ExO, IRR and GSS was neutral, and only CA resulted in an overall negative effect. The observed variability in terms of the effectiveness of the five strategies tested in this region highlights the need to understand the complexity of interrelationships between management and dynamic soil properties at the regional scale.
Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics in the Characterization of Individual Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Phospholipid (PL) Species from Marine Sources and Their Beneficial Health Effects

Abstract Lipidomics is a research area that investigates lipidomes that refer to the complete lipid profile within a cell, tissue, organism, or ecosystem by focusing on the interactions with neighboring molecules at the inter- or intracellular spaces of organisms. In recent decades, lipidomics has greatly evolved along with developments in mass spectrometric analysis (i.e., ionization approaches, the types of analyzers, and the data processing tools), leading to a rapid and accurate performance in the identification and quantification of individual lipid species. In this contribution, the identification and quantification of triacylglycerol (TAG) and phospholipid (PL) species in marine sources using mass spectrometry analysis are comprehensively discussed along with their physiological roles and health-beneficial effects on the human body. Moreover, this review emphasizes the importance of the isotopic deconvolution and instrument responses caused by the difference in the carbon number and the unsaturation of TAG and PL species in quantitative analysis. Most TAG and PL detected in marine taxa possess a high proportion of polyunsaturated ω3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA, ≥C20) in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5ω3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6ω3), indicating the large number and structural diversity of glycerolipid species containing EPA and DHA. This review also discusses the health effects of TAG and PL species esterified with ω3 LCPUFA. Given that most fisheries science and aquaculture research during recent decades has mainly focused on ω3 LCPUFA after release from parent molecules, discussion of the health effects of ω3 LCPUFA in the form of TAG and PL extends understanding of the bioactivities of ω3 fatty acids as they occur naturally.
In vitro studies on inhibition capability of fungal-sourced bassiatin versus tamoxifen against ERα, EGFR and VEGFR on breast cancer cells

Bassiatin which is produced by some fungi, is morpholine-based depsipeptide. Recent studies show that bassiatin inhibits MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation with its anti-oestrogenic effect. In this study, bassiatin's inhibition versus Tamoxifen was examined by comparing the effects on epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor in addition to oestrogen receptor on breast cells. For this purpose, 15 concentrations of bassiatin, tamoxifen and combination of both were treated in terms of cytotoxicity on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, SK-BR-3 and SVCT cell lines. For cell cycle analyses, MCF-7 and SVCT cell lines were incubated with 37.5 μM bassiatin, tamoxifen and combined substance for 24 h and 48 h. After treatment, cell distribution in each phase of the cell cycle was measured with flow cytometer. Furthermore, each interaction related to receptors were investigated with immunoassay ELISA kits. As a result, bassiatin-induced MCF-7 cell cycle arrest was shown in G0/G1 and G2/M phases at the presence of bassiatin. It was also found that bassiatin is more effective at all examined receptors on breast cancer cells than tamoxifen. These results show that bassiatin can be used effectively in breast cancer treatment as a new anticancer agent because of its multiple inhibition effects.
Adoption of organic fertilizer for cocoa production in Ghana: Perceptions and determinants

This study assesses perceptions, determinants, and constraints of ‘Asaasenufosuo’ organic fertilizer adoption by cocoa farmers in Ghana. Primary data were sourced from 200 cocoa farmers. Perception index, Cragg’s double hurdle model, and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance were employed. In addition to a high level of awareness among farmers, there is a general positive perception about ‘Asaasenufosuo’ organic fertilizer for cocoa production. However, less than half of the cocoa farmers had adopted ‘Asaasenufosuo’ organic fertilizer. Education, experience, farm size, income, secondary occupation, distance to agro-input shop, and extension contact are the factors that determine the incidence of adoption of organic fertilizer for cocoa production. However, intensity of adoption was found to be influenced by farmer location, nativity, income, source of information, and group membership. The major constraints to using ‘Asaasenufosuo’ organic fertilizer were found to include slow release of nutrients into the soil, high transportation cost, emission of offensive odour, high cost of product, and limited availability. To improve the uptake of organic fertilizers in cocoa production, manufacturers should take steps to reduce the offensive odour of the product. Also, sellers of the product should make it readily available to farmers by expanding the distribution network into cocoa growing communities.
A two-tier protestant evaluative framework for cults applied to KwaSizabantu Mission

In recent months, some media sources have alleged that the KwaSizabantu Mission in South Africa, one of the largest and most respected Protestant missions on the continent, is a cult. The media trial started on 22 September 2019 in a Rapport newspaper article, in which a former member of the Mission criticised its practices (Eybers 2019). The views and judgements expressed within this secular newspaper were soon echoed by the German evangelical news agency Idea (14 October 2019) and the Dutch Reformatorisch Dagblad (15 October 2019). Moreover, the former member continued publishing allegations, ranging from money laundering to bizarre activities involving Zulu nobility connected to KwaSizabantu (Botha 2019).
Using management coaching techniques is feasible and can be beneficial to strengthen health system in Western Kenya

Background To strengthen the health system in five counties of Western Kenya, the System Enhancement for Transformative Health (SETH) Project provided training on coaching to its officers and coordinators to build their capacity to support health management teams address the challenges they face in their daily work. Health management teams manage entire counties in kenya with limited management training and experience. Following 3 days of training, the project team provided coaching sessions to health management teams and was supervised by a professional coach over a 2-year period. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using professional coaching techniques to improve the capacity of project officers to support HMTs in Kenya. Methods (14) Key Informant Interviews (KII) and (5) Group interviews were conducted with all SETH project officers and coordinators trained on coaching and the HMTs members they supported to collect their perceptions on the feasibility and benefits of the intervention components. Respondents were also asked about the sustainability of the project. Results Results show that coaching improved the project officers’ self-reported skills and competencies to provide support to county HMTs. The project offers reported feeling better equipped to help HMTs identify lasting solutions to the challenges faced in their daily work. HMTs also reported having gained knowledge and skills to be used on their daily work thanks to the coaching sessions received. Conclusions The study indicates that integrating coaching in health system strengthening is feasible and appreciated by participants in the intervention. The potential impact of coaching on work performance and on health indicators remains to be evaluated.
Deprotonation of Fe-dominant amphiboles: Single-crystal HT-FTIR spectroscopic studies of synthetic potassic-ferro-richterite

ABSTRACT High-temperature Fourier transform infrared (HT-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the deprotonation process of synthetic potassic-ferro-richterite of composition A(K0.90Na0.07)B(Ca0.54Na1.46) c F e 4.22 2 + F e 0.78 3 + T S i 8 O 22 W O H 1.70 O 0.30 2 − $ ^{\rm{c}}{\left( {{\rm{Fe}}_{4.22}^{2 + }{\rm{Fe}}_{0.78}^{3 + }} \right)^{\rm{T}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_8}{{\rm{O}}_{22}}^{\rm{W}}\left( {{\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}_{1.70}}{\rm{O}}_{0.30}^{2 - }} \right)$. Unpolarized single-crystal spectra were collected both in situ and on quenched samples, and heating experiments were conducted in air, at a rate of 10 °C/min. The room-T spectrum measured before annealing shows a main band at 3678 cm-1 and a minor band at 3622 cm-1; these are assigned to local configurations involving Fe2+ at M(1)M(1)M(3) and facing a filled and an empty alkali-site, respectively. At 400 °C, a new band grows at 3656 cm-1; this is the most intense feature in the pattern at 450 °C. At T ≥ 500 °C, all peaks decrease drastically in intensity, and finally disappear at T > 600 °C. The total absorbance measured in situ increases significantly in the 25 < T < 450 °C range, although the spectra collected on quenched samples show no OH loss in the same T range. This feature is consistent with an increase of the absorption coefficient (ε) with T, the reason for which is still unclear. However, this feature has significant implications for the quantitative use of FTIR data in HT experiments. Examination of the relevant OH-stretching bands shows that iron oxidation occurs preferentially at the M(1,3) sites associated with occupied A sites. The deprotonation temperature indicated by FTIR for single-crystals is around 100 °C higher that that obtained by HT-X-ray diffraction (XRD) on single crystal by Oberti et al. (2016), whereas that obtained by HT-XRD on powders is intermediate. This unexpected observation can be explained by considering that: (1) the iron oxidation process, which is coupled to deprotonation and is probed by XRD, occurs preferentially at the crystal surface where it is triggered by the availability of atmospheric oxygen; (2) the proton diffusion, probed by FTIR, is slower that the electron diffusion probed by XRD; thus, the temperature shift may be explained by a much longer escape path for H in single-crystals than in powders. These results suggest that possible effects due to crystals size should be carefully considered in HT experiments done on Fe-rich silicates.