Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of pelagic mucilage produced by the invasive, cyclotelloid diatom, Lindavia intermedia, in oligotrophic lakes of New Zealand

Marine pelagic mucilages (e.g., marine snow) have been reported to a greater extent than their lacustrine counterparts. A pelagic mucilage primarily comprised of chitin secretions from the invasive centric diatom, Lindavia intermedia, has been reported since the early 2000s, primarily from large, oligotrophic pre-alpine lakes of the South Island of New Zealand. To better understand the factors related to mucilage abundance, we monitored its abundance as well as factors potentially related to mucilage production over time in four mucilage-afflicted lakes. Temporal mucilage dynamics were episodic, with peaks in abundance occurring during any season, but most often during summer and autumn. Chitin was confirmed to be an important component of the mucilage, but the chitin content varied between 1 and 12% of the mucilage dry mass in the lakes. An RT-qPCR assay for chitin synthase gene overexpression in L. intermedia showed that overexpression occurred in summer and autumn, often when peaks in mucilage abundance also occurred. A correlation between mucilage and phytoplankton abundance was only observed in one of the lakes. Both dissolved reactive and total phosphorus concentrations were often below analytical detection limits in these lakes. Nitrate concentrations were also low and showed negative correlations with mucilage abundance. This suggests either that the secrection of chitinous mucilage by L. intermedia significantly depleted the available N in the water column or that mucilage facilitated N uptake by L. intermedia and/or other microorganisms associated with the mucilage. Pelagic mucilage in New Zealand lakes shares many characteristics of other conspicuous mucilage phenomena, including lake snow and marine snow. While our correlational analyses revealed some relationships and associations with mucilage abundance, the strengths of these were quite variable, indicating that as yet unstudied mucilage loss processes in these lakes (e.g., sedimentation, disintegration, decomposition, assimilation) likely also play important roles in regulating mucilage abundance.
Organic Matter in the Shoemaker-Levy 9 Jovian Impact Blemishes

Abstract The 0.3–1.0 μm optical constants of the aerosols in the dark SL-9 Jupiter impact blemishes are nearly identical to those of the organic residue in the Murchison carbonaceous chondrite. Porous poly-HCN is also a reasonable match. The mass of organics needed to produce a typical blemish is 0.8–8 × 10 13 g, depending on the aerosol porosity. The 10 μm emission feature seen during the splash-back phase for the impact of fragment R, however, requires ∼1–5 × 10 12 g of astronomical silicate. The organics from the blemishes cannot be present at this point, or else its greater abundance would dominate the thermal flux, hiding or greatly modifying the 10 μm silicate feature. Furthermore, this mass of silicates, but not the mass of organics in the blemishes, is consistent with the HST reflectances of the impact plumes if the aerosols have radii ∼0.1 μm. In addition to the blemishes, a large expanding ring was observed for the G and K impacts between 3 and 4 μm but was not detected outside that range. Titan tholin has a strong absorption edge near 3 μm which decays by a factor of 8 by 4 μm. Poly-HCN and Murchison organic residue have similar but less extreme behavior. If the radiation from the ring is thermal emission instead of reflected sunlight, this feature is best explained by a very thin cloud of hot Titan tholin-like aerosols at the few microbar level. The rings require ∼10 10 g of material. The mass of organics required to produce the blemishes is comparable to the organic abundance expected in the ∼10 14 -g fragments, assuming cometary composition. However, the high temperature of the fireball would likely destroy most, if not all, of the organic matter contained within the fragments. Because of the low abundance of HCN seen at the impact sites, shock synthesis of organics from the jovian atmosphere is an improbable production mechanism. Quench synthesis of organics from cometary dissociation products, though, may satisfy the large mass requirements. The expanding ring requires a low enough mass of tholin that the latter is reasonably the result of shock synthesis, possibly during the splash-back phase.
Polycistronic Expression of Multi-Subunit Complexes in the Eukaryotic Environment: A Narrative Review

Protein complexes are involved in many vital biological processes. Therefore, researchers need these protein complexes for biochemical and biophysical studies. Several methods exist for expressing multi-subunit proteins in eukaryotic cells, such as 2A sequences, IRES, or intein. Nevertheless, each of these elements has several disadvantages that limit their usage. In this article, we suggest a new system for expressing multi-subunit proteins, which have several advantages over existing methods meanwhile it, lacks most of their disadvantages. Leishmania is a unicellular eukaryote and member of the Trypanosomatidae family. In the expression system of Leishmania, pre-long RNAs that contain several protein sequences transcribe. Then these long RNAs separate into mature mRNAs in the process named trans splicing. For producing multi-subunit protein, Leishmania transformed with a vector containing the sequences of all subunits. Therefore, those subunits translate and form the complex under eukaryotic cell conditions. The sequence of each protein must separate by the spatial sequence needed for trans splicing. Based on a Leishmania expression pattern, not only is it possible to produce the complexes with the correct structures and post-translational modifications, but also it is possible to overcome previous method problems.
Air Gap Length and Maximum and Minimum Inductance of A Double-Salient Reluctance Machine (DSRM) using The Developed Analytical Algorithm

: In this paper an algorithm is developed to predict the maximum and minimum inductance of an optimized pole arc of a fabricated double salient reluctance machine (DSRM). The developed analytical algorithm investigates the air gap length at the maximum and minimum inductances. These are achieved through the machine rotor pole arc, stator pole arc, bore diameter, back iron thickness, rotor yoke thickness, stack length, and rotor pole diameter. The validity of the newly developed analytical procedures for predicting the maximum and minimum inductances was evaluated using the measurements obtained from the machine prototype. There was a good correlation between the analytical and experimental results. Inductances and air gap lengths of 2/2 DSRM of equal stator and rotor pole width and stator pole width greater than the rotor pole width were investigated and analyzed using the developed algorithm. A second existing DSRM with different numbers of stator and rotor poles whose inductances have been known and compared with finite element analysis (FEA) is chosen to verify the algorithm developed. The 2/2 DSRM’s potential to sustain oscillation during energy conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy is investigated.
A Computation with the Connes–Thom Isomorphism

Abstract Let $A\,\in \,{{M}_{n}}\left( \mathbb{R} \right)$ be an invertible matrix. Consider the semi-direct product ${{\mathbb{R}}^{n}}\rtimes \,\mathbb{Z}$ where the action of $\mathbb{Z}$ on ${{\mathbb{R}}^{n}}$ is induced by the left multiplication by $A$ . Let $\left( \alpha ,\,\tau \right)$ be a strongly continuous action of ${{\mathbb{R}}^{n}}\rtimes \,\mathbb{Z}$ on a ${{C}^{*}}$ -algebra $B$ where $\alpha$ is a strongly continuous action of ${{\mathbb{R}}^{n}}$ and $\tau$ is an automorphism. The map $\tau$ induces a map $\widetilde{\tau }\,\text{on}\,\text{B}\,{{\rtimes }_{\alpha }}\,{{\mathbb{R}}^{n}}$ . We show that, at the $K$ -theory level, $\tau$ commutes with the Connes–Thom map if $\det \left( A \right)\,>\,0$ and anticommutes if $\det \left( A \right)\,>\,0$ . As an application, we recompute the $K$ -groups of the Cuntz–Li algebra associated with an integer dilation matrix.
Under-Representation of Racial Groups in Genomics Studies of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Not all populations are poised to benefit from advancing genomics in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN), as genomics have focused on White patients. This study aimed to evaluate racial populations represented in genomic studies of GEP-NENs and to provide evidence of differential genomic findings between racial groups in GEP-NENs. Manuscripts analyzing DNA, RNA, or DNA methylation in GEP-NENs were queried using PUBMED and EMBASE. NIH race/ethnicity term frequency was then determined by Natural Language Processing, followed by manual evaluation of tumor types and subjects by racial group. IHC of institutional tissue micro-arrays and analysis of AACR GENIE data analyzed was performed to determine mutational differences between Black and White pancreatic NEN (pNEN) patients. 313 manuscripts conducted the requisite genomic analyses, 16 of which included subject race data. Race data were included in 13/184 DNA, 4/107 RNA, and 1/54 DNA Methylation analyses. These studies included 89% White subjects (n = 2032), 5.8% Asian subjects (n = 132), 4.0% “Other” subjects (n = 93), and 1.2% Black subjects (n = 27). No Native American/Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or ethnically Hispanic/Latinx subjects were represented. There were significant differences in MEN1 mutations among Black and White patients in immunohistochemical (13:40) and GENIE data (24:268 patients per group, respectively), with 9 additional genes differentially mutated in the GENIE dataset. Genomic sequencing data for GEP-NENs is almost racially homogenous. Differences in pNEN genomics may exist between racial groups, highlighting a need for diversity in future genomic analyses of GEP-NENs to understand the putative influence of interracial genomic variation on GEP-NEN prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Significance: There is little diversity in genomic studies of GEP-NENs, which may exhibit clinically impactful variation in their tumor biology among racial groups. Improved diversity in such studies is imperative for understanding this variation and its potential impacts on disease prevention, diagnosis, therapeutic targeting, and clinical outcomes.
Reservoir Prediction Based on Closed-Loop CNN and Virtual Well-Logging Labels

Reservoir prediction is a significant issue in seismic interpretation, and it is difficult to reach a tradeoff point for the reservoir prediction accuracy and spatial continuity. Nowadays, though numerous machine learning methods have been widely applied in reservoir prediction, so few available well-logging labels are still a major obstacle for improving prediction performance. Considering for such a critical factor, we propose a semisupervised deep-learning framework, in which the closed-loop convolutional neural network (CNN). and virtual well-logging labels are used. The closed-loop CNN, which is consisting of the predictive and generative subnetworks, can be trained directly by using the seismic attribute data not only with well-logging labels but also without well-logging labels. The virtual well-logging labels (Vl) are generated by fusing the results of two existing reservoir predicting methods, one based on polynomial linear regression and the other based on CNN. Vl contributes to improve the spatial continuity and accuracy of the predicted reservoir as constraint items in network training process. Finally, cross-validation experiments on real-field data are carried out, and 3-D field reservoir prediction results show that the proposed method outperforms several existing machine-learning-based methods.
Reduced Sensor-Based Model Predictive Control of Power Decoupling Circuit for On-Board EV Charger

AC–dc power conversion in electric vehicle (EV) chargers is performed by front-end voltage source converter (VSC). Owing to the fact that double-line frequency ripple power is produced in ac–dc conversion, active power decoupling (APD) circuit enables the use of long-life film capacitors by providing an alternate path to dc-side ripple power. With the objective to perform decoupling operation under nonideal grid conditions without sensing the decoupling capacitor voltage, this article presents a voltage sensorless modulated model predictive control (VS-MMPC) approach for APD circuit. With the ease-of-implementation and provision to approach high-switching frequency, in presented MMPC scheme a voltage vector is formulated to directly track the ripple power. By reconstructing the dynamic model based on Euler’s approximation, the decoupling voltage senseless operation is achieved. A comparative study with the state-of-the-art decoupling control under nonideal grid conditions shows that the presented control offers improved dynamic performance with reduced execution time. In addition, a detailed stability analysis based on the Lyapunov theorem and pole-assessment criterion, is also discussed in this article. The proof-of-concept of the presented dual-objective-based MMPC algorithm for APD circuit employed in EV on-board chargers is verified through MATLAB simulations and experimental results.
Viscosity and dissipative hydrodynamics from effective field theory

Strasbourg University, CNRS-IPHC, 23 rue du Loess, BP28 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France(Dated: September 23, 2013)Using the action principle for open systems inspired by Schwinger’s Closed-Time-Path method,we derive the energy-momentum balance equation for a dissipative ﬂuid with energy loss from aneﬀective Goldstone action. Near hydrodynamical equilibrium, we construct the ﬁrst-order dissipativestress-energy tensor and derive the Navier-Stokesequations. Shear viscosity is shown to vanish, whilebulk viscosity and thermodynamical quantities are determined by the form of the eﬀective action.
3D Multicellular Tumor Spheroids in a Microfluidic Droplet System for Investigation of Drug Resistance

A three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroid model plays a critical role in mimicking tumor microenvironments in vivo. However, the conventional culture methods lack the ability to manipulate the 3D tumor spheroids in a homogeneous manner. To address this limitation, we developed a microfluidic-based droplet system for drug screening applications. We used a tree-shaped gradient generator to control the cell density and encapsulate the cells within uniform-sized droplets to generate a 3D gradient-sized tumor spheroid. Using this microfluidic-based droplet system, we demonstrated the high-throughput generation of uniform 3D tumor spheroids containing various cellular ratios for the analysis of the anti-cancer drug cytotoxicity. Consequently, this microfluidic-based gradient droplet generator could be a potentially powerful tool for anti-cancer drug screening applications.
Study on the Impact of the Digital Economy on the Upgrading of Industrial Structures—Empirical Analysis Based on Cities in China

This paper used the entropy method to measure the comprehensive level of China’s urban regional digital economy development and measured the transformation and upgrading of industrial structures from both quantitative and qualitative dimensions. Based on the panel data of 271 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper investigated the impact and transmission mechanisms of digital economy development on the transformation and upgrading of industrial structures through a fixed effects model, mediating effect model, and threshold regression model. The results show the following: First, the development of the digital economy has a significant positive role in promoting the quantity and quality of the upgrading of industrial structures, and has a stronger explanatory power for the quality of the upgrading of industrial structures. Second, the mechanism analysis shows that the digital economy can accelerate the transformation and upgrading of industrial structures by stimulating the level of regional innovation. Third, the analysis of the threshold regression model shows that the impact of the digital economy on the upgrading of industrial structures has nonlinear characteristics. Fourth, the impact of the digital economy on the upgrading of industrial structures has regional heterogeneity. It has the greatest impact in the western region, followed by the central region and the eastern region.
Bosnia and Herzegovina on Screen: Self-Orientalism in Jasmila Žbanić’s Film Quo Vadis, Aida?

Abstract This paper examines the contemporary meanings and functions of self-Orientalism in the Bosnian context by analyzing Jasmila Žbanić’s film, Quo Vadis, Aida (2020). The issue of self-Orientalism entails a double intrigue at the individual and collective levels: first, why Bosnian cultural producers (the ‘Orientalized’) replicate Orientalism; and second, why Orientalism, in its various forms, proliferates in Balkans despite the region’s own marginalized position. Examining Quo Vadis Aida both within Bosnian’s specific context and as part of a global phenomenon of cinematic self-Orientalism or autoexoticism, this paper argues that the film self-Orientalizes in an effort to meet contemporary viewers’ expectations for facile resolutions to imperialist Orientalism, as well as to improve the film’s marketability with Western audiences. Applying Laura Doyle’s framework of ‘inter-imperiality’ we examine how Quo Vadis, Aida ‘writes back’ to multiple empires by tracing Orientalism’s trajectories – from Ottoman Empire to the Austro-Hungarian and modern-day Holland – and by weaving the lingering effects of imperialism from before the arrival Ottomans to Bosnia in Middle Ages to the present. The paper argues that the film reveals the extent of globalist anxiety that motivates producers’ artistic imagination and reflects colonial phantasies that promote stereotyped representation of the Balkans.
Susceptibility of Different Life Stages of Kudzu Bug Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) to Two Different Native Strains of Beauveria bassiana

This is the first study that examined and compared the survival, LC50, and RR50 estimates of Megacopta cribraria F. (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) nymphs and adults that were exposed to two native Beauveria bassiana isolates (Previously codified as NI8 and KUDSC strains) at four concentrations. The greatest reduction in survival and mortality was observed primarily on or after 10 d post-exposure to B. bassiana isolates. Survival of early instars (2nd, 3rd) were not affected by either strains or concentration at 3 d and 5 d post-exposure. Survival of later instars (5th) and adults was significantly reduced when exposed to the KUDSC strain at all concentrations. Comparison of dose–mortality values (LC50) using resistance ratios (RR50) were significantly different between life stages of the kudzu bug for both strains of B. bassiana. The LC50 values showed that kudzu bug adults are more susceptible than any other life stage when exposed to either strain. The KUDSC strain was more pathogenic than NI8 10 d after exposure, but NI8 exhibited significantly higher pathogenicity than KUDSC 20 d after exposure. Our results suggest potential field application of B. bassiana for kudzu bug control and their integration into pest management strategies to suppress them before they cause economic damage to soybean crops.
“That You Just Know You’re Not Alone and Other People Have Gone through It Too.” Eating Disorder Recovery Accounts on Instagram as a Chance for Self-Help? A Qualitative Interview Study among People Affected and Self-Help Experts

In addition to the professional treatment of eating disorders, the use of self-help groups has become increasingly important. Social media offers new possibilities for self-help, not only as online groups but also in increased access to recovery stories of people with similar diseases. People with eating disorders use the internet and social media depending on their motivation in different ways. Eating disorder recovery stories on social media have not yet been systematically used in treatment as appropriate guidelines are still lacking. This study provides an initial insight into the possibilities of using social media for self-help for eating disorders. Due to the exploratory nature, a qualitative design was used, combining interviews with people who have a recovery account on Instagram (n = 6) and self-help experts (n = 2). The results show that recovery stories on Instagram could serve as door openers for further treatment, motivation for therapy, a first step towards behaviour change, and support for existing therapies. If affected people can cope with the self-protection strategies, they can use Instagram positively for themselves and their disease. Nevertheless, there is a risk of negative influence as well as a risk of content and time overload. Therapeutic personnel can use these results to improve existing support services.
Direct Statistical Simulation of a Jet

rst explain the method and place it into context with other statistical procedures, some of which are described in this book. In so doing we shall describe the strengths and weaknesses of the approach when varying degrees of approximation are made. We shall outline some generalizations of DSS and the attendant conservation laws that are preserved for higher-order approximations and describe how these methods compare for the ducial problem of a stochastically forced jet on a spherical surface. The results will explore the range of validity of quasi-linear approximations for the jet problem, give an insight into the mechanisms that may control jet spacing and strength, and indicate interesting avenues for future research. Geophysical and astrophysical ows are often far from the theoretician’s idealized state of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The problem of the formation of jets and zonal ows in the oceans, planets and stars (and even the forma
Bilateral, Collective, or Both? Formal Governance and Performance in Multisourcing

While multisourcing offers benefits such as access to best-of-breed resources and enhanced competition, it also presents clients with a new governance challenge, namely the need to ensure that vendors not only deliver their individual contributions but also collaborate to produce a coherent joint outcome. Clients can address this challenge by combining bilateral governance focused on each vendor’s individual performance with collective governance aimed at the vendors’ joint performance. However, it is unclear how the simultaneous application of bilateral and collective governance affects multisourcing performance. Indeed, the literature falls short in systematically differentiating these governance mechanisms and empirically examining their interplay. Drawing on existing work on multisourcing and on the outsourcing governance literature, we argue that bilateral and collective governance direct efforts toward different performance dimensions (individual vs. joint), invoke different metaphors (market vs. team), and promote conflicting norms (competitive vs. cooperative), which can result in trade-offs when bilateral and collective governance mechanisms are combined. Results from a survey of 189 multisourcing arrangements support our expectation that bilateral and collective governance promote different performance dimensions. Notably, one collective governance mechanism, conflict management procedures, contributes to both individual and joint performance. We find substitutional effects between bilateral and collective governance in relation to joint performance but not individual performance, indicating that the benefits of collective governance for joint performance are more easily compromised than the benefits of bilateral governance for individual performance. We also observe complementary effects within collective governance mechanisms. Our key contribution lies in theorizing and empirically examining the effects and interplay of bilateral and collective governance in multisourcing.