Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meizodon: Security Benchmarking Framework for Static Android Malware Detectors

Many Android applications are uploaded to app stores every day. A relatively small fraction of these applications, or apps, is malware. Several research teams developed tools which automate malware detection for apps, to keep up with the never-ending stream of uploaded apks (Android PacKages). Every tool seemed better than the last, some even claiming accuracy scores well over 90%. However, all of these designs were tested against test sets containing only self-written apks, synthetic malicious apks, or otherwise statistically unsound samples. Many of these tools are open source. We propose Meizodon, a novel framework to install Android static security analysis tools and run them efficiently in a distributed fashion, in equal environments and against a suitable dataset. This allows us to make a fair and statistically sound comparison of the most recent and best known tools, on real, 'practical' malware: malware created by malware creators, not by researchers, and found in the wild. From the results, we conclude that Android static security analysis tools do show great promise to classify apks in practice, but are not quite there yet. We demonstrate that Meizodon allows us to efficiently test analysis tools, and find that the accuracy of tested analysis tools is low (F1 scores are just over 58%), and analysis fails for many apks. Additionally, we investigate why accuracy is low, and why so many analyses result in errors.
Selection of appropriate reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis under abiotic stress and hormone treatment in celery

Celery is one of the most important vegetable crop and its yield and quality is influenced by many environmental factors. Researches on gene expression not only help to unravel the molecular regulatory mechanism but also identify the key genes in the biological response. RT-qPCR is a commonly used technology to quantify the gene expression. Selecting an appropriate reference gene is an effective approach to improve the accuracy of RT-qPCR assay. To our knowledge, the evaluation of reference genes under different treatments in celery has not been reported yet. In this study, the expression stabilities of eight candidate reference genes (ACTIN, eIF-4α, GAPDH, TBP, TUB-A, UBC, TUB-B, and EF-1α) under abiotic stresses (heat, cold, drought, and salt) and hormone treatments (SA, MeJA, GA, and ABA) were detected. The expression stabilities of candidate genes were compared and ranked by geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, ΔCt, and RefFinder programs. The results calculated by different programs were not completely consistent. Considering the comprehensive analysis results, ACTIN was the most stable reference gene and TUB-B showed the worst expression stabilities under the selected abiotic stress and hormone treatments in celery. The reliability of reference genes was further confirmed by the normalization of CAT1 gene under drought stress. This study presented evidences and basis to select the appropriate reference genes under different treatments in celery.
Factors affecting high school students' career preference: a basis for career planning program

Unemployment rate in the country is commonly associated with the misfit graduates produced by universities and colleges and the workforce needed by different companies. The wrong choice of course taken by most of high school students adds to the unemployment and underemployment rate of newly graduate students. With this the study determined the factors affecting the fourth year high school students’ career preference of University of Rizal System’ Laboratory School in Morong Rizal. The relationship of the factors affecting students’ preference of course to their career preference, Brainard’s Occupational Preference Inventory (BOPI) results, academic achievement and their elective grades were considered. Frequency, percentage and chi-square were used as statistical treatments. The findings revealed that the availability of work after college is the first consideration of students in choosing a course in college. Most of the students prefer to take scientific related field courses, or the “popular courses” for Filipinos. The least preferred course are in the Agricultural field. The BOPI results showed that most of the student-respondents are suited to take professional courses. Students’ preferred course is related to their BOPI result as well as to their father’s occupation. Other factors such as mother’s occupation, monthly family income, students’ sibling position and students’ third year general average grades are not related to the students’ preferred course in college to their BOPI results. BOPI results are significantly related to the students’ elective course grades. Students’ career success can be best attained if proper guidance is given in choosing the right course in college, suited to students’ personality, ability and intellect. Helping student choose the career that suits them can be done by integrating career plan with the curriculum so that students can make good decisions in what course to take in college. Collaborative effort of the school administrations, guidance counselor and parents should also be made to come-up with better career plan for every individual students.
Job Satisfaction Among Government Doctors: An Exploratory Study

The study explores the factors influencing job satisfaction among doctors working in various government hospitals. The paper examines the components that bring in job satisfaction in a much detailed form. The data was collected from about 106 doctors working in cities, district head quarters and rural villages of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The findings of the study present the factors underlying job satisfaction among doctors working in government hospitals, which may help the policy makers to formulate policies needed for sustainable and higher health provision for the civilians of the nation.
Identification of an ancestral haplotype in the mitochondrial phylogeny of the ovine haplogroup B

Background European mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon) has been reintroduced in mainland Europe since the 18th-century sourcing from the Sardinian and Corsican autochthonous mouflon populations. The European mouflon is currently considered the feral descendent of the Asian mouflon (O. orientalis), and the result of first wave of sheep domestication occurred 11,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent, and brought to Corsica and Sardinia ca. 6,000 years ago, where they still live as autochthonous populations. However, this phylogeny is based on mitogenome sequences of European mouflon individuals exclusively. Methods We sequenced the first complete mtDNA of the long-time isolated Sardinian mouflon and compared it with several ovine homologous sequences, including mouflon from mainland Europe and samples representative of the five known mitochondrial domestic sheep haplogroups. We applied Bayesian inference, Maximum Likelihood and Integer Neighbour-Joining network methods and provided a robust, fully-resolved phylogeny with strong statistical support for all nodes. Results We identified an early split (110,000 years ago) of the Sardinian mouflon haplotype from both sheep and mainland European mouflon belonging to haplogroup B, the latter two sharing a more recent common ancestor (80,000 years ago). Further, the Sardinian mouflon sequence we generated had the largest genetic distance from domestic sheep haplogroups (0.0136 ± 0.004) among mouflon species. Our results suggest the Sardinian mouflon haplotype as the most ancestral in the HPG-B lineage, hence partially redrawing the known phylogeny of the genus Ovis.
Role Identification for Accurate Analysis in Dota 2

Esports is an organised form of video games played competitively. The esports industry has grown rapidly in recent years, with global audiences estimated at the hundreds of millions. One of the most popular esports formats is the Multi-Player Online Battle Arena (MOBA), which sees two teams of players competing. In MOBAs and other team-based games, individual players take on different roles or functions to help achieve victory for their team. MOBA characters can be played in different ways to align with team roles. However, most current esports analytics systems do not separate the data, such that each role is analysed separately. This is a problem because it is difficult to evaluate the performance of different roles with the same metrics. For example in football goals scored is a great metric for striker performance, but a poor one for goalkeeper performance. Using Dota 2 as a case study, we propose a method using ensemble clustering to classify and label individual roles for each hero in Dota 2. Rather than focusing on pre-existing roles defined by expert knowledge, we allow unsupervised learning to identify roles which each hero can play in an unbiased way. This work enables the separation of historical data for each hero, enabling a more accurate analysis to be performed by analytical tools.
Sports injuries of the shoulder : conservative management

Part 1 Functional anatomy and biomechanics: anatomy general biomechanics the shoulder in throwing sports the shoulder in swimming the shoulder in weight training. Part 2 The history and physical examination: history and examination of the shoulder positional examination isokinetic testing and exercise. Part 3 Radiographic and specific imaging: radiography sonography magnetic resonance imaging arthroscopy. Part 4 Specific disorders: instability inpingement syndrome, tendinopathies, and degenerative joint disease sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular and scapular disorders frozen shoulder cervicogenic and other extrinsic causes of shoulder pain. Part 5 Treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention: general treatment approaches for shoulder disorders mobilization and adjustive procedures rehabilitation and prevention.
Simulating and Detecting Attacks of Untrusted Clients in OPC UA Networks

The usage of machine to machine communication and Industrial Internet of Things is increasing nowadays, in particular in industry environments. Devices with low hardware capabilities may e.g. be used for sensing data, for example, on an industrial network. Specific protocols and frameworks were being developed for these use cases. One such framework is OPC UA, which allows signed and encrypted communication and therefore addresses already important security requirements. However, an attacker may also be able to encrypt malicious packets so that it may bypass security systems and/or empower the attack, as encrypted packets typically need more hardware consumption to be handled. In this paper the focus is on Denial of Service attacks in OPC UA networks. An analysis of possible Denial of Service attacks is presented and an approach to detect such attacks is implemented in the context of a simulation scenario. Our evaluations show how such attacks may affect server CPU consumption and could be very powerful when a large number of devices is compromised.
Application of new serological (Major Membrane Protein II) Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for leprosy patients in Myanmar.

As serodiagnosis is the easiest way of diagnosing a disease, the utility of (Major Membrane Protein II) MMP-II antigen in the serodiagnosis of leprosy was examined and compared with NTP-BSA ELISA test. It was carried out on the blood samples of new leprosy cases and their contacts from Nyaungdon Township, and on new adult pulmonary TB cases of Yangon TB Center and childhood TB cases of Yangon Children's Hospital and North Okkalapa General Hospital between November 2006 and December 2007. The sensitivity of the tests on detecting leprosy patients who had not been treated was 58/77 (75.32%) and 54/77 (70.1%) for MB patients using MMP-II and NTP-BSA ELISA tests, respectively. It was 48/64 (75.0%) and 40/64 (62.50%) for PB patients using MMP-II and NTP-BSA ELISA tests, respectively. The sensitivity of MMP-II ELISA test was higher than that of NTP-BSA ELISA test on both leprosy patients. The sensitivity of MMP-II ELISA test was also higher than that of NTP-BSA ELISA test on TB patients in our study. Therefore, our data indicate that MMP-II ELISA could be useful as a supporting serodiagnostic tool in diagnosis of leprosy and childhood tuberculosis
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) Expression in the Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) against Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) Challenge

ABSTRACT Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the inflammatory response through the activation of neutrophil cells. The expression of IL-8 was investigated in early developmental stages of the olive flounder and in tissues of 8-month-old individuals. The expression of IL-8 increased after the initiation of the immune system rather than at the early stage of development, and high expression was observed in the gills and spleen, the organs associated with immunity and metabolism. In addition, IL-8 expression after infection by viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus significantly increased in the fin, gill, muscles, and spleen. These results suggest that IL-8 is closely related to inflammation and immune regulation in the immune response of the olive flounder and may be used as a basis for studies on the immune systems of other fish.
Design and Baseline Characteristics of the Finerenone in Reducing Kidney Failure and Disease Progression in Diabetic Kidney Disease Trial

Background: Among diabetics, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality, and progression of their underlying disease. Finerenone is a novel, non-steroidal, selective mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist which has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on renal and CV outcomes has not been investigated in long-term trials yet. Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing Kidney Failure and Disease Progression in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIDELIO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important renal and CV outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIDELIO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 5.5 years. FIDELIO-DKD randomized 5,734 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥25–<75 mL/min/1.73 m2 and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30–≤5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level α = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of kidney failure, a sustained decrease of eGFR ≥40% from baseline over at least 4 weeks, or renal death. Conclusion: FIDELIO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of renal and CV events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen.
Concordance of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, second and third editions.

BACKGROUND Because of its centrality in the conceptualization of intellectual disability, reliable and valid measurement of adaptive behaviour is important to both research and clinical practice. The manual of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, recently released in its third edition, provides limited reliability information obtained from a sample composed primarily of typically developing individuals. The goal of this study was to evaluate the concordance of the Vineland-3 with the Vineland-II in a sample more similar in ability level to those in which the Vineland is commonly used. METHODS Both editions of the Vineland Interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 106 parents/caregivers of individuals with neurodevelopmental disability, participating at two neurodevelopmental disorder research clinics. Administrations were up to 7 days apart, but most (90%) were simultaneous. The concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) (95% confidence interval) and mean differences (95% confidence interval) were calculated for domain standard scores and subdomain v-scale scores. RESULTS Domain-level CCC ranged from 0.78 [0.70, 0.84] (Communication) to 0.86 [0.76, 0.92] (Motor). Subdomain CCC ranged from 0.71 [0.62, 0.78] (Receptive Language) to 0.91 [0.85, 0.95] (Fine Motor). Vineland-3 scores were lower than Vineland-II scores; 77% of participants had lower Adaptive Behavior Composite scores on the Vineland-3 than on the Vineland-II. For the subdomains, the magnitude of this difference depended upon the level of adaptive behaviour. For Communication, the domain with the lowest CCC, the mean difference ranged from -13.70 [-8.03, -19.35] for a Vineland-II score or 85 to a difference of -19.18 [-12.28, -26.87] for a Vineland-II score of 40. DISCUSSION Amongst individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, the Vineland-3 produces lower scores than the Vineland-II, and these clinically significant differences tend to be larger for individuals with lower levels of ability. Thus, care must be taken in interpreting scores from the Vineland-3 relative to those obtained from the previous edition.
ELAVL2‐directed RNA regulatory network drives the formation of quiescent primordial follicles

Formation of primordial follicles is a fundamental, early process in mammalian oogenesis. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. We herein report that the RNA‐binding proteins ELAVL2 and DDX6 are indispensable for the formation of quiescent primordial follicles in mouse ovaries. We show that Elavl2 knockout females are infertile due to defective primordial follicle formation. ELAVL2 associates with mRNAs encoding components of P‐bodies (cytoplasmic RNP granules involved in the decay and storage of RNA) and directs the assembly of P‐body‐like granules by promoting the translation of DDX6 in oocytes prior to the formation of primordial follicles. Deletion of Ddx6 disturbs the assembly of P‐body‐like granules and severely impairs the formation of primordial follicles, indicating the potential importance of P‐body‐like granules in the formation of primordial follicles. Furthermore, Ddx6‐deficient oocytes are abnormally enlarged due to misregulated PI3K‐AKT signaling. Our data reveal that an ELAVL2‐directed post‐transcriptional network is essential for the formation of quiescent primordial follicles.
Platelet count and mean volume in acute stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Changes of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PC) could be a marker or a predictor of acute stroke (AS). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature on the reporting of MPV and PC in AS. Studies were included in accordance with Patient Population or Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Setting framework. The PRISMA strategy was used to report findings. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We included 34 eligible articles retrieved from the literature. PC was significantly lower in AS patients [standardized mean difference (SMD) = − 0.30, (95% CI: − 0.49 to − 0.11), N = 2492, P = . 002] compared with controls (N = 3615). The MPV was significantly higher [SMD = 0.52 (95% CI: 0.28–0.76), N = 2739, P < . 001] compared with controls (N = 3810). Subgroup analyses showed significantly lower PC in both ischemic stroke (Difference SMD = −0.18, 95% CI: −0.35–0.01) and hemorrhagic stroke (−0.94, −1.62 to −0.25), but only samples by citrate anticoagulant showed significantly lower result for patients compared to controls (−0.36, −0.68 to −0.04). Ischemic stroke patients had higher MPV (0.57, 0.31–0.83), and samples by Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant showed significantly higher result for patients compared to controls (0.86, 0.55–1.17). PC and MPV appeared to be significantly different between patients with AS and control populations. MPV was significantly higher in ischemic stroke and PC was significantly lower in both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. These characteristics might be related to AS and associated with it. It is advisable to pay attention to elapsed time between phlebotomy and hematology analysis, anticoagulant and hemocytometer types in AS. Systematic review registration This meta-analysis is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under registration number CRD42017067864 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php? RecordID=67864).
Protective efficacy of inactivated reverse genetics based equine influenza vaccine candidate adjuvanted with MontanideTM Pet Gel in murine model

Equine influenza is a leading cause for respiratory illness in equines. Major control measures involve vaccination which requires continuous harmonization owing to antigenic drift. The present study focused on assessing the protective efficacy of an inactivated recombinant equine influenza virus (rgEIV) vaccine candidate adjuvanted with MontanideTM Pet Gel in murine model. The rgEIV was generated using reverse genetics by incorporating HA and NA segments from EIV/H3N8, clade 2-Florida sublineage in an A/WSN/33 /H1N1 backbone and inactivated by formalin. The vaccine was prepared by mixing inactivated rgEIV with MontanideTM Pet Gel adjuvant followed by intranasal inoculation into BALB/c mice intranasally. The immune responses and protective efficacy of the vaccine was evaluated by measurement of antibody titer, immunoglobulin subtyping, cytokines, clinical signs and pathological lesions after immunization and challenge with wild EIV. Serology and cytokine expression pattern indicated that the vaccine activated mixed Th1- and Th2-like responses of vaccine. Booster immunization stimulated strong antibody responses (HAI titre: 192 ± 28.6) at 42 days post immunization and the predominant antibody subtype was IgG1. Upregulation of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-2 levels indicates effective induction of Th1 type response. We found that vaccination has protected mice against equine influenza virus challenge as adjudged through a lack of nonappearance of visible clinical signs of disease, no loss of body weight loss, reduced pathology in the lungs and markedly reduced virus shedding from the respiratory tract. Therefore, we conclude that recombinant EIV vaccine candidate adjuvanted with MontanideTM Pet Gel could aid in quick harmonization of the vaccines through replacement of HA and NA genes for control of EIV outbreaks.
The effects of different proxies of cognitive reserve on episodic memory performance: aging study in Iran

ABSTRACT Objective: The main aim of the present study is to investigate the association between different measures of cognitive reserve including bilingualism, mental activities, type of education (continuous versus distributed), age, educational level, and episodic memory in a healthy aging sample. Methods: Four hundred and fifteen participants aged between 50 and 83 years participated in this cross-sectional study and were assessed with the Psychology Experimental Building Language Test battery tapping episodic memory. Demographic variables were collected from a questionnaire designed by the research team. Results: Compared to participants with continuous type of education, those with distributed type performed better in tests of episodic memory, while no differences were found between bilingual and monolingual participants. We additionally found that age negatively predicts episodic memory, whereas playing mind teasers and educational level have positive relationships with episodic memory. Conclusions: Our results indicate that higher cognitive reserve, as measured by distributed educational training, higher level of education, and doing regular mental activities, is associated with better performance on episodic memory tasks in older adults. These results were discussed in connection with successful aging and protection against memory decline with aging.