Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Network Traffic Flows for Centralized Botnet Detection

At present, the Internet users are facing the most serious threats considering the malwares have become a powerful tool for attackers. Botnets are one of the most significant malwares. A Bot is an intelligent program run by worms, Trojans or other malicious codes that could perform a group of cyber-attacks on the Internet. Botnets are used for attacks such as stealing data, spam, denial-of-service, phishing etc. A variety of methods and algorithms have been proposed to detect botnets, in which each of them has an emphasis on specific data or methods. Using Netflow data is an effective and agile method compared to other methods in detecting botnets. This research focuses on centralized and HTTP botnets. In the proposed method, we used the hierarchical clustering, XMeans clustering, and rule-based classification. The methods helped to achieve fast and accurate recognition. Hierarchical clustering improved the speed and accuracy rate in the process of separating the flows. The X-Means algorithm led to the highest cohesion inside the clusters and the maximum distance between clusters by choosing optimal K. Using rule-based classification, each cluster with the similar flow is placed in a bot cluster, a semi-bot cluster or a normal cluster. By performing network traffic flow analysis for the proposed method, sets of botnets have been evaluated and the results indicated that more than 95% accuracy in detection. By a minimum overhead, this approach can provide botnet detection with high accuracy and speed.
Vector Step-size Adaptation for Continual, Online Prediction

In this thesis, we investigate different vector step-size adaptation approaches for continual, online prediction problems. Vanilla stochastic gradient descent can be considerably improved by scaling the update with a vector of appropriately chosen step-sizes. Many methods, including AdaGrad, RMSProp, and AMSGrad, keep statistics about the learning process to approximate a second-order update — a vector approximation of the inverse Hessian. Another family of approaches uses meta-gradient descent to adapt the step-size parameters to minimize prediction error. These meta-descent strategies are promising for non-stationary problems, but have not been as extensively explored as quasi-second order methods. We derive a general, incremental metadescent algorithm, called AdaGain, designed to be applicable to a broader range of algorithms, including those with semi-gradient updates or even those with accelerations, such as RMSProp. We introduce an instance of AdaGain which combines meta-descent with RMSProp — a method we call RMSGain — which is particularly robust across several prediction problems and is competitive with the state-of-the-art method on a large-scale, time-series prediction problem on real data from a mobile robot.
HIV-1 Env induces pexophagy and an oxidative stress leading to uninfected CD4+ T cell death

The immunodeficiency observed in HIV-1-infected patients is mainly due to uninfected bystander CD4+ T lymphocytes death. The viral envelope glycoproteins (Env), expressed at the surface of infected cells, play a key role in this process. Env triggers autophagy, process necessary to subsequent apoptosis, and to production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in bystander CD4+ T cells. Here, we demonstrate that Env-induced oxidative stress is responsible for their death by apoptosis. Moreover, we report that peroxisomes, organelles involved in the control of oxidative stress, are targeted by Env-mediated autophagy. Indeed, we observe a selective autophagy-dependent decrease in the expression of peroxisomal proteins, catalase and PEX14, upon Env exposure, since the down-regulation of either BECLIN 1 or p62/SQSTM1 restores their expression levels. Fluorescence studies allowed us to conclude that Env-mediated autophagy degrades these entire organelles and specifically the mature ones. Together, our results on Env-induced pexophagy provide new clues on HIV-1-induced immunodeficiency.
Graphical (Wr-Vr) and Numerical Diallel Analyses in Relation to Yield and its Components in Ridge Gourd (Luffa Acutangula Roxb.)

Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula Roxb.), also known as Ribbed gourd, Chinese okra and Angled loofah (Whitaker and Davis, 1962), is a very popular low cost vegetable in the tropical and subtropical regions. It is an important component of crop rotation during spring-summer and kharif seasons in North India and is cultivated both on commercial scale and in kitchen garden. India is considered as the centre of origin of Luffa species and there is considerable amount of genetic diversity in Luffa with respect to International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 11 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Radar scattering characteristics of a UAV model in X‐band

A method for evaluating the share of scattering component related to structural components of unmanned air vehicle (UAV) in the field scattered by the UAV is proposed. The method takes into account the scattering interaction of the UAV's dielectric hull with perfectly conducting elements under the hull as well as the scattering contribution of its dielectric components into the scattered field. The latter contributions are evaluated based on the methods of short-wave diffraction. The model of UAV has been designed that includes both metallic elements and dielectric hull. Scattering simulation results are obtained and the UAV model's scattering characteristics are analysed.
Key Factors for Project Crowdfunding Success: An Empirical Study

Crowdfunding is a response to the financing problem of innovative projects in an environment of severe economic crisis. Its competitive advantage lies in its independence from banking institutions and the distribution of risk among a certain number of funders. Since its inception, the number of successfully completed projects has grown to a point where it has started to suffer a downturn that puts its sustainability at risk. This study concerns this particular period of downturn, in order to identify attributes that characterize it, and to define behavioral stereotypes that may be associated with new projects. On a wide data set from sufficiently contrasted projects, and through the use data mining techniques, we extracted the most influential factors in determining the success or failure of the projects, that will subsequently be grouped together using clustering techniques. Six groups of projects have been identified, each with their own characteristics that define them, two of them clearly guide the projects to success and another one allows the modification its characteristics to move away from failure. This achieved strategy allows us to estimate which potential group would be the result of a new project.
The Relationship between Exercise Addiction and Satisfaction with Life in Physical Education and Sport Department Students

This study, conducted to analyze the relationship between exercise dependency and satisfaction with life in physical education and sport department students, is designed in a quantitive research model and a scanning pattern is used. The students of Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Coaching Education Department, Sports Management Department and Recreation Department in the Faculty of Sports Sciences of Firat University voluntarily participated in the study. Personal information form, exercise addiction scale, and life satisfaction scale are used as data collection instruments. The obtained data have been evaluated in SPSS 24 Packet program and paired and multiple comparisons have been made according to the determined independent variables (Independent Groups t-Test, ANOVA), and Pearson Correlation analysis has been performed to examine the relationship between the variables. According to the findings, there is a significant difference between the participants' sports year variable and life satisfaction (p
A Highly Parallelized PIM-Based Accelerator for Transaction-Based Blockchain in IoT Environment

Blockchain has gained a lot of attention from both academia and industry. However, traditional standard blockchains, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, suffer from low throughput, high computation overhead, and large transaction fee, which is not suitable for Internet of Things (IoT) transactions. Recently, transaction-based approaches, such as Tangle structure which is based on a directed acyclic graph (DAG), have emerged to solve blockchain scalability issues for IoT environment. In transaction-based blockchain, for a transaction, namely, a node, to be attached to the Tangle, it needs to verify two other transactions. However, with the Tangle expanding, this attaching process consumes huge computational resources and energy, which severely limits the performance of the transaction-based blockchain. In this article, we present Re-Tangle, a highly parallelized processing-in-memory (PIM)-based accelerator for transaction-based blockchain. Re-Tangle is composed of a random walking module, a transaction validation module, and a PoW module, to improve the Tangle system performance. These modules transfer Tangle functions, such as fast exponentiation and modular, into ReRAM-based logic analog computation units. In the random walking module, Re-Tangle maintains an exponentiation table to reduce its design complexity and improve its computation efficiency. In the transaction validation module, Re-Tangle further proposes a highly parallel modular unit to accelerate the validation of different tags in a transaction. In the PoW module, we decompose the Curl hash function into basic logic OR, AND, SHIFT, and XOR operations, and map these logic operations to ReRAM crossbars in parallel to accelerate the working process. The experimental results show that Re-Tangle distinguishes itself from other architectures with significant performance improvement and energy saving. The throughput of Re-Tangle is about <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$22.4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.38\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> higher compared with CPU and GPU, respectively, and the energy consumption of Re-Tangle is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$83.5\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5.77\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> less for equal workload.
A CONDITIONAL DENSITY FOR CARMICHAEL NUMBERS

Under sufficiently strong assumptions about the first prime in an arithmetic progression, we prove that the number of Carmichael numbers up to $X$ is $\gg X^{1-R}$, where $R=(2+o(1))\log \log \log \log X/\text{log}\log \log X$. This is close to Pomerance’s conjectured density of $X^{1-R}$ with $R=(1+o(1))\log \log \log X/\text{log}\log X$.
Bortezomib and Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin as Induction Therapy for Adult Patients with Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study 10301.

Introduction: The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in combination with pegylated, liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) has significant activity against relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). It was therefore of interest to evaluate this combination in previously untreated MM patients (pts) requiring induction chemotherapy. Methods: Patients enrolled onto Cancer and Leukemia Group B study 10301 received bortezomib at 1.3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of every 21 day cycle, along with PLD at 30 mg/m2 on day 4, for a maximum of eight cycles. Primary objectives were to determine the complete response (CR) + near-CR rate, and also to define the toxicity of this regimen in the front line setting. Secondary objectives included determining the overall response rate, the ability to collect stem cells, and the time to progression and overall survival. Results: Between June, 2004, and October, 2005, a total of 63 pts were enrolled. Adverse event (AE) data were available for 55 pts, with hematologic AEs reaching grade 3 in 14 pts (25%), and grade 4 in 5 pts (9%). Notable hematologic AEs included neutropenia (grade 3 in 16%, and grade 4 in 2% of pts), thrombocytopenia (9% and 5%, respectively), lymphopenia (11% and 2%), and anemia (7% and 2%), though there was only one episode of febrile neutropenia. Non-hematologic toxicities reaching grade 3 were seen in 32 pts (58%), while 5 pts (9%) had grade 4 non-hematologic toxicities. Fatigue (grade 3 in 16%, grade 4 in 0%), sensory neuropathy (11% and 2%, respectively), hand-foot syndrome (9% and 0%), syncope (9% and 0%), motor neuropathy (7% and 0%), dehydration (7% and 0%), rash (7% and 0%), weight loss (5% and 0%), hypotension (5% and 0%), diarrhea (5% and 0%), nausea (5% and 0%), infection (5% and 0%), and dyspnea (5% and 0%) were notable AEs seen in 5% or more of pts. Preliminary response data were available for 57 pts, of whom 9 (16%) achieved a CR or near-CR, while 58% attained at least a partial response (PR). Final response data were available for 29 pts who completed their study-directed therapy, and among these the CR + near-CR rate was 28%, with an overall response rate (PR or better) of 79% in this small cohort. Progression-free and overall survival can not yet be estimated because of a paucity of events at a median of 10 months of follow-up. Stem cell collection data is available for 6 pts after induction therapy with bortezomib and PLD, in whom a median of 13.6 x 106 CD34+ cells/kilogram were mobilized (range 11.2 – 48.6 x 106). Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that bortezomib and PLD is well-tolerated by chemotherapy-naive multiple myeloma patients in this study. Moreover, this steroid-free regimen has promising activity, and does not seem to compromise the ability to collect stem cells for later transplantation.
Pattern synthesize of a cylindrical conformal array antenna by PSO algorithm

Pattern synthesize of conformal array antennas is often a challenging problem. Various optimization algorithms such as genetic, particle swarm optimization (PSO), and invasive weed optimization have already been used for pattern synthesizing of conformal arrays. In this paper, a focused beam is synthesized for a quarter cylindrical conformal array antenna using the PSO algorithm with small computations. The desired pattern is a focused beam at θ = 90° and ϕ = 45° with 10° beamwidth in elevation and 15° beamwidth in azimuth with −20 dB side‐lobe level. This method can be used in general for synthesizing arbitrary desired patterns and array geometries.
Discomfort in Addressing Spiritual Needs: A Hospital-Wide Exploration into the Hole in Holistic Care

Throughout its history, the nursing profession has claimed to provide holistic patient care, which is defined as bio-psycho-socio-spiritual care. However, many nurses do not feel comfortable with the “spiritual” element of care and are uncertain about their professional role in the assessment and delivery of spiritual care. Discomfort and avoidance of attending to the spiritual needs of human beings creates “a hole” in holistic patient care. This case study examined a specific healthcare organization in its entirety to identify professional roles, processes, communication, and language of spiritual care when addressing spiritual distress in dying patients and their families. The study included examination of organizational procedures and the designated and perceived roles of key professionals in defining, identifying, and addressing spiritual distress of dying patients and their families within the single hospital. Strengths and gaps were determined by comparing the findings against a proposed conceptual framework developed from a synthesis of existing practice models for spiritual assessment and care of dying patients and families experiencing spiritual distress. The major gaps or problem areas that were identified included: (a) Lack of an organizational structure for spiritual assessment, planning, and implementation of spiritual care, or communication of the spiritual care plan among
UniIndex: An index and query middleware for parallel file systems

As data analysis scenarios keep increasing on high‐performance computing systems, the ability to select a small fraction of data from a large volume of scientific data sets is vital to accelerate scientific discovery. However, parallel file systems lack the ability to provide efficient data locating services at the granularity of both a file and a record. Existing methods for identifying and indexing data are often domain‐specific and do not scale to large scientific data sets. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of UniIndex framework, which combines our proposed techniques for user‐annotation extraction, in‐memory cache layer, in‐situ indexing, and parallel query processing. Acting as middleware on top of production file systems, UniIndex enables efficient data locating services with minimal user effort. Our evaluations show that UniIndex can locate target files from directories containing millions of files in microseconds. By applying in situ indexing and the lightweight range‐bitmap index, record‐level index building time can be dramatically reduced while maintaining up to two orders of magnitude query speedup than scanning the entire data set.
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE MEDICAL INSTITUTION IN CONDITIONS OF REFORMING THE HEALTH SYSTEM

У статті проаналізовано управління закладом охорони здоров’я в процесі реформування, з’ясовано фінансово-економічні питання медичної реформи та ефективного функціонування медичних закладів. Автором запропоновано логічну модель взаємоузгодження економічних засобів і напрямів роботи медичного закладу, яка ґрунтується на долученні до збалансованого трикутника дій «послуга – постачальник – замовник». Акцентовано увагу на трансформації системи охорони здоров’я, яку зараз впроваджує команда МОЗ України, що в свою чергу передбачає підвищення якості та доступності медичної допомоги за рахунок ефективного використання обмежених фінансових, матеріальних, трудових та інших ресурсів охорони здоров’я в умовах швидко зростаючої конкуренції на ринку медичних послуг. Розглянуто вимоги до кандидатів на зайняття керівних посад у медичних закладах та виокремлено нові знання та вимоги, якими повинні володіти в Україні керівники медичних закладів. З’ясовано, що основний критерій маркетингу медичного закладу, в час ринкової економіки – конкуренція якістю.
CONCEPTS OF CREATIVE LEADERSHIP OF WOMEN LEADERS IN 21ST CENTURY

This article presents the subjective perspectives of women leaders working in higher education institutions in the 21st century in South Africa. It focuses in particular on creativity as demonstrated by women leaders working in culturally and gender diverse post-apartheid settings. The aim is to contribute to the discourse on the creativity of women leaders from diverse cultural backgrounds within South Africa higher education institutions by examining how women leaders experience creativity and what creativity means to them from a qualitative perspective. The study reported on assessed the experiences of creativity of 23 women leaders and their views on creativity and creative leadership by means of a research paradigm based on Wilhelm Dilthey’s modern hermeneutics. It used qualitative research methods, such as semi-structured interviews, as well as observations within one selected higher education institution. Data was analysed by means of content analysis. Quality research criteria and ethical considerations were upheld. The findings highlight the creative skills and attitudes of women leaders underlying successful leadership and the types of creative leadership applied. They suggest that women leaders’ creativity manifests in facilitating creativity in higher education institutions by fostering the creativity of others rather than directing their own creative vision through or integrating it in the work of employees.
METAhaul framework of HPON for smart city access networks

ABSTRACT This work presents, a novel, Mobile Evaluation Transport Architecture haul (METAhaul) of Hybrid PON (HPON), that integrates mobile backhaul (MBH), mobile fronthaul (MFH) and smart devices in one platform. It forms a unified analytical framework, that comprehensively accounts for both fiber/copper (FiCo) and METAhaul broadband access networking technologies, to accommodate the fifth generation (5G) Radio Access Network (RAN) evolution and smart sensor devices. Our framework is flexibly designed to roll out while adopting 5G into the smart city. HPON allows the coexistence of the Time Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (TDM-PON), Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON), hybrid Time-Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON), multi-gigabit fast access to subscriber terminals (G.mgfast), and Radio over Fiber (RoF) architecture. It can reduce the power consumption by 78.13%, 79.62% at Sub-6GHz, and 77.7%, 79.21% at mmWave against Optical Transport Network (OTN) and Carrier Ethernet (CE), respectively. Specifically, HPON grants a higher Energy Efficiency Rating (EER) of 65.58%, 67.34% when compared to OTN, and CE each while deploying 15 Radio Units (RU). The proposed next-generation PON architecture can benefit the design and operation of smart city access networks, with its large capacity, multilevel of service, and energy saving.
Nonswelling, Ultralow Content Inverse Electron‐Demand Diels–Alder Hyaluronan Hydrogels with Tunable Gelation Time: Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation

Hyaluronan (HA) is a major component of the extracellular matrix and is particularly attractive for cell‐based assays; yet, common crosslinking strategies of HA hydrogels are not fully tunable and bioorthogonal, and result in gels subject to swelling, which affects their physicochemical properties. To overcome these limitations, HA hydrogels based on the inverse electron‐demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) “click” reaction are designed. By crosslinking two modified HA components together, as opposed to using telechelic components, tunable gelation times as fast as 4.4 ± 0.4 min and as slow as 46.2 ± 1.8 min are achieved for facile use. By optimizing HA molar mass, ultralow polymer content hydrogels of 0.5% (w/v), resulting in minimal (<3–5% mass variation) to nonswelling (<1%), transparent and biodegradable hydrogels are synthesized. To demonstrate their versatility, the newly designed hydrogels are tested as matrices for 3D cell culture and retinal explant imaging where transparency is important. IEDDA hydrogels are cytocompatible with primary photoreceptors and enable multiphoton imaging of embedded retinal explants for double the time (>38 h) than agarose thermogels (<20 h). IEDDA HA hydrogels constitute a new hydrogel platform. They have low polymer content, tunable gelation time, and are stable, thereby making them suitable for a diversity of applications.
Histological and Histochemical Changes of The Ovary of Goat During Autumn and Summer Seasons

The present study aimed to study the development and degeneration of ovarian follicles in goat during autumn and summer seasons. Seven ovaries were collected during each season from different popular markets. The ovaries were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histological examination. In autumn season; the histological examination revealed an increased ovarian activity that represented by presence of all developmental stages of ovarian follicles ( Primordial follicles, primary follicles, secondary follicles, tertiary follicles and mature Graafian follicles), corpus luteum, corpus albicans and corpus heamorrhagicum. In summer season; the histological examination revealed decreased ovarian activity. The mature Graafian follicles contained degenerated oocytes and abnormal arrangement of cumulus oophorus and granulosa cells. Also, presence of persistant corpus luteum where lutein cells became small with pyknotic nuclei, and presence of large number of atretic follicles (degenerated follicles).