Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Study on Compost Production as Substrate for Pleurotus sajor-caju ( Fr . ) Singer Mushroom Cultivation in Mauritius

The in-vessel composting of a mixture of three potential substrates, namely banana leaves (B), mixed cardboard wastes (C) and green Stenotaphrum dimidiatum grass (G) was studied for three weeks. The first compost mix ratio monitored was 16 kg banana leaves, 8 kg cardboard wastes and 16 kg Stenotaphrum dimidiatum (wet basis). The initial wet moisture content, initial porosity and initial wet bulk density for the BCG mix were 69.5%, 86.9% and 152.7 kg/m, respectively. The peak temperature recorded for the BCG mix at day 10 was 55.1°C. The temperature then decreased to 35 to 45°C for a week. It was noted that there was an aggressive colonisation of an unidentified mushroom mycelium on the BCG mix. Mycelium and pinheads thrived mostly on the surfaces of the cardboard mix and throughout the feedstock, where temperatures averaged 35°C and less. The feedstock was removed from the reactor and mixed with 14 kg banana leaves, 14 kg grass (Stenotaphrum dimidiatum) and 1.5 L water (second BCG mix), and the composting experiment run afresh. A peak temperature with a maximum of 60.7°C was noted on day 6 and no mycelium growth was observed. It was hence inferred that temperatures should reach a minimum of 60°C to produce a sterile compost substrate for the growth of the oyster mushroom mycelium. The final parameters of the compost after 17 days were as follows: wet bulk density 271 kg/m, wet moisture content 54.3%, total dry solids 34.7%, net estimated volatile solids (VS) decrease of 40.5% (fixed ash basis), pH 7.5, electrical conductivity 1.57 mS/cm and respiration rate 2.52 mgCO2.C/day.gVS. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CIDNP DETECTED FLASH PHOTOLYSIS OF cis–syn 1,3 DIMETHYLTHYMINE DIMER

Abstract— Theanthraquinone–2‐sulfonate photo‐sensitized splitting of cis‐syn 1,3‐dimethylthymine dimer gives rise to large CIDNP effects in the reaction product 1,3‐dimethylthymine. The polarization originates from a radical ion pair formed by electron transfer from the dimer to the triplet state sensitizer. In a deoxygenated solution the sign of the polarization of theC–6 proton is reversed compared to the predicted one on account of the CIDNP sign rules. In an aerated solution the correct sign is observed. This can be accounted for by assuming reduction of the lifetime of the radical pair in the presence of oxygen. The time‐resolved photo‐CIDNP technique was used to study the time dependence of the 1,3‐dimethylthymine signal. To account for this time‐dependence a cation radical disproportionation reaction is proposed.
Efficient estimation of the extremal articular forces of a parallel manipulator in a translation workspace

We consider a classical Gough platform with extensible legs whose platform is submitted to a given load. This load induces forces in the linear actuators of the legs, these forces being dependent upon the posture of the platform, and we determine the extremal values of the articular forces when the platform is translating in a given 3D workspace (the orientation of the platform is assumed to be constant). We describe an efficient algorithm which enable one to compute the extremal forces more efficiently than a discretisation method.
Randomized controlled trial of a book-sharing intervention in a deprived South African community: effects on carer-infant interactions, and their relation to infant cognitive and socioemotional outcome.

BACKGROUND Consistent with evidence from high-income countries (HICs), we previously showed that, in an informal peri-urban settlement in a low-middle income country, training parents in book sharing with their infants benefitted infant language and attention (Vally, Murray, Tomlinson, & Cooper, ). Here, we investigated whether these benefits were explained by improvements in carer-infant interactions in both book-sharing and non-book-sharing contexts. We also explored whether infant socioemotional development benefitted from book sharing. METHODS We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Carers of 14-16-month-old infants were randomized to 8 weeks' training in book sharing (n = 49) or a wait-list control group (n = 42). In addition to the cognitive measures reported previously, independent assessments were made at base line and follow-up of carer-infant interactions during book sharing and toy play. Assessments were also made, at follow-up only, of infant prosocial behaviour in a 'help task', and of infant imitation of doll characters' nonsocial actions and an interpersonal interaction. Eighty-two carer-infant pairs (90%) were assessed at follow-up. (Trial registration ISRCTN39953901). RESULTS Carers who received the training showed significant improvements in book-sharing interactions (sensitivity, elaborations, reciprocity), and, to a smaller extent, in toy-play interactions (sensitivity). Infants in the intervention group showed a significantly higher rate of prosocial behaviour, and tended to show more frequent imitation of the interpersonal interaction. Improvements in carer behaviour during book sharing, but not during toy play, mediated intervention effects on all infant cognitive outcomes, and tended to mediate intervention effects on infant interpersonal imitation. CONCLUSIONS Training in book sharing, a simple, inexpensive intervention that has been shown to benefit infant cognitive development in a low-middle income country, also shows promise for improving infant socioemotional outcomes in this context. Benefits are mediated by improvements in carer-infant interactions, particularly in book-sharing contexts.
Beyond the “Big Talk”: The Roles of Breadth and Repetition in Parent-Adolescent Communication About Sexual Topics

OBJECTIVE. Most studies of parent-adolescent communication about sexuality focus on the frequency of communication without distinguishing between the breadth of topics covered and repetition. The goal of this study was to assess the independent influence of breadth and repetition of sexual discussion on adolescents' perceptions of their relationship and communication with their parents. METHODS. Data came from 312 adolescents who, along with their parents, were control participants in a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate a worksite-based intervention designed to improve parent-adolescent sexual communication. Adolescents completed surveys before the intervention (time 1) and at 1 week, 3 months, and 9 months after the intervention (times 2, 3, and 4, respectively). At each survey, adolescents reported whether they had discussed each of 22 sex-related topics with their parent. Breadth was defined as the number of topics discussed for the first time between times 1 and 4, and repetition was defined as the number of previously discussed topics repeated during that period. RESULTS. Adolescents whose sexual communication with their parents involved more repetition felt closer to their parents, felt more able to communicate with their parents in general and about sex specifically, and perceived that discussions with their parents about sex occurred with greater openness than did adolescents whose sexual communication with their parents included less repetition. Breadth of communication was associated only with the perceived ease of parent-adolescent sexual communication: adolescents who discussed more new topics with their parents between times 1 and 4 felt that their sexual discussions occurred with greater openness than did adolescents who discussed fewer topics. CONCLUSIONS. Clinicians may want to advise parents about the value of discussing sexual topics repeatedly with their children, because this may provide parents an opportunity to reinforce and build on what they have taught their children and provide children the opportunity to ask clarifying questions as they attempt to put their parents' sexual education into practice.
Cancer‐related mRNA expression analysis using a novel flow cytometry‐based assay

Cancer‐related gene expression data mostly originate from unfractionated bulk samples, leading to “expression averaging” of heterogeneous populations. Multicolor flow cytometry (FCM) may distinguish heterogeneous populations based on the phenotypic characterization of single‐cells, but is not applicable for RNA targets. Here, we evaluated the PrimeFlow™ RNA assay, a novel FCM‐based assay designed to measure gene expressions, in two cancer entities with high and low RNA target levels.
Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to examine the effects of probiotic supplementation on body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass and fat percentage in subjects with overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg m−2) or obesity (BMI ≥30 kg m−2). MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for studies published between 1946 and September 2016. A meta‐analysis, using a random effects model, was performed to calculate the weighted mean difference between the intervention and control groups. Of 800 studies identified through the literature search, 15 were finally included. The studies comprised a total of 957 subjects (63% women), with the mean BMI being 27.6 kg m−2 and the duration of the interventions ranging from 3 to 12 weeks. Administration of probiotics resulted in a significantly larger reduction in body weight (weighted mean difference [95% confidence interval]; −0.60 [−1.19, −0.01] kg, I2 = 49%), BMI (−0.27 [−0.45, −0.08] kg m−2, I2 = 57%) and fat percentage (−0.60 [−1.20, −0.01] %, I2 = 19%), compared with placebo; however, the effect sizes were small. The effect of probiotics on fat mass was non‐significant (−0.42 [−1.08, 0.23] kg, I2 = 84%).
IIT Kharagpur at TAC 2009: Statistical and Nugget-based Model for Automatic Summary Evaluation

In this paper we present our participation at TAC 2009 AESOP (Automatically Evaluating Summaries Of Peers) task. We make use of a statistical model for evaluation metric correlating to Overall Responsiveness and a nugget-based pyramid model for correlating to the Pyramid manual metric of TAC 2009. We also present the performance of our three submitted runs as per the official TAC 2009 evaluation results.
Knowledge management practices and innovation performance: a literature review

PurposeThis article sought to ascertain the role of knowledge management practices in innovation performance of firms. The article reviewed the literature relating to knowledge management and innovation in order to see the extent to which they link the two. Design/methodologyThe methodology used was literature review. FindingsThe study shows that there is overwhelming support that five out of six knowledge management practices lead to innovation, namely: leadership, policies & strategies, training and mentoring, reward system, and communication. Originality/valueThe study provides insights on the most important knowledge management practices that management need to cultivate in order to foster innovation.
Tradeoff between storage cost and repair cost in heterogeneous distributed storage systems

In distributed storage systems (DSS), the storage costs and download costs with different storage nodes, in general, can be different. In such heterogeneous storage systems, how to establish a fundamental tradeoff between system storage cost and system repair cost is investigated. We formulate the problem of establishing the tradeoff between system storage cost and system repair cost as a bi‐objective linear programming problem subject to the min‐cut constraint of information flow graphs. We give a tight min‐cut bound for heterogeneous DSSs with general setting. Moreover, we show that the tradeoff between system storage cost and system repair cost of some special heterogeneous DSSs can be established in polynomial time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relating student meaning-making in mathematics to the aims for and design of teaching in small group tutorials at university level.

In a developmental research approach, from a sociocultural position, we address the meanings students make of mathematics in teaching sessions and how this relates to the intentions of the teacher and approaches to teaching. Analyses of data come from small group tutorials of one tutor with first year university mathematics students (n=5). We exemplify using data from one tutorial which addressed concepts in calculus that first year students encounter in their lectures. We explain teaching design and an approach to implementing it, and address issues that arise in practice and how these are related to students' meaning-making of mathematical concepts. Development of ‘knowledge in practice’ is seen alongside that of knowledge in the public domain.
Japanese SRPBS for BMI research: Decoded neurofeedback as a causal tool in systems neuroscience

Japanese MEXT started SRPBS (strategic research for promotion of brain sciences) in 2008. Field A was on BMI and I am the leader of this. I will describe achievement within this large group funding. Within ATR, we have developed next generation noninvasive decoding method as well as decoded neurofeedback method.
Diazidobis[2,4-diamino-6-(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine-κ2 N 1,N 6]zinc(II)

In the title mononuclear complex, [Zn(N3)2(C8H8N6)2], the ZnII atom, lying on a twofold rotation axis, is six-coordinated in a distorted octahedral environment by four N atoms from two 2,4-diamino-6-(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine ligands and two N atoms from two end-on-coordinated azide ions. N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the ligand and azide ion link the complex molecules into a three-dimensional network.
Design, Modeling, and Demonstration of a MEMS Repulsive-Force Out-of-Plane Electrostatic Micro Actuator

An analytical model is developed for a two-layer repulsive-force out-of-plane micro electrostatic actuator by using conformal mapping techniques. The model provides the means to establish the performance characteristics in terms of stroke and generated force of the actuator and is used to develop design and optimization rules for the actuator. Numerical simulations were conducted in order to verify the analytical model. A simple physical model is also presented that explains the mechanism for generating the repulsive force. A Multi-User-MEMS-Processes repulsive-force out-of-plane rotation micromirror is developed to experimentally verify the analytical model and to demonstrate the repulsive-force actuator's capability of driving large-size rotation plates by using surface micromachining technology. Experimental measurements show that the repulsive-force rotation micromirror with a size of 312 mum times 312 mum achieved a mechanical rotation of 0deg-2.1deg at a dc driving voltage of 0-200 V. The micromirror achieved an open-loop settling time of 2.9 ms for a mechanical rotation of 2.3deg and an open-loop bandwidth of 150 Hz (-3 dB).
On the use of Sb to improve the performance of GaInP subcells of multijunction solar cells

GaInP is a material commonly employed for the top subcells of different multijunction solar cells architectures. In this study, the performance of GaInP top cells has been improved by increasing the energy band gap with the use of Sb as a surfactant during the MOVPE growth of the structures. The optimization of the appropriate Sb molar flow was done by Reflectance Anisotropy Spectroscopy. Different characterization techniques have been employed to assess the effect of Sb on the morphology, microstructure and optoelectronic properties of the resulting GaInP grown with different Sb/P ratios. Finally, the performance of several GaInP subcells with different order parameters has been assessed.
Quantification of sensory trick impact on tremor amplitude and frequency in 60 patients with head tremor

Head tremor with an obvious head deviation is the typical clinical picture of tremulous cervical dystonia (TCD), whereas head tremor without any significant head deviation allows for the differential diagnosis of dystonic head tremor (DHT) as well as essential head tremor (EHT). Clinical and polyelectromyographic (poly‐EMG) studies have shown a suppression of dystonic muscle activity in patients with TCD performing a maneuver called geste antagonistique. The effect of these trick maneuvers on head tremor has not been investigated in patients with DHT and EHT. We studied the impact of sensory trick maneuvers on head tremor amplitude and frequency clinically by using the tremor subscore of the Tsui scale and by means of computer‐based accelerometry in 60 patients with head tremor as their major disorder. Based on clinical data (modified Tsui scale: rating of spontaneous head deviation [rotation + lateroflexion + ante‐/retroflexion]), pharmacologic response of tremor (propranolol, primidone, or alcohol), family history (postural hand tremor in first‐degree relatives), and poly‐EMG findings (reciprocal inhibition in neck muscles during voluntary head rotation), 34 patients were diagnosed as having TCD, 14 were classified as having DHT, and 12 patients were diagnosed as having EHT. Using a clinical rating scale, head tremor amplitudes showed a significant decrease compared with baseline during the performance of sensory trick maneuvers in patients with TCD and DHT, but not in patients with EHT. This clinically observed effect was accompanied by a significant reduction in the mean peak power of the dominant frequency in patients with TCD (decrease by 83%, p = 0.0001) and DHT (decrease by 90%, p = 0.01), but not in patients with EHT (decrease by 6%, p = 0.6). Head tremor frequencies showed no significant changes in relation to the trick maneuvers. We conclude that a significant reduction of head tremor amplitude during a sensory trick maneuver is a useful quantitative criterion to distinguish TCD and DHT from EHT.
Prediction algorithm for users Retweet Times

In view of the fact that the propagation path topology cannot effectively deal with complex social network consists of hundreds of millions of users. More researchers choose to use machine learning methods to complete retweet prediction. Those use the classification method to judge whether a message will be retweeted or not. This paper argues that retweet prediction should be regression analysis problem, not just the classification problem. Through collecting user characteristics on Twitter and selecting some features which have an important impact on the retweet behavior, a Prediction algorithm Based on the Logistic Regression for users Retweet Times in social network was proposed. Experiment results based on the actual data set show the regression analysis predicting model has a good predicting accuracy in dealing with retweet predicting, the proposed method is effectiveness.
Variation in human rotavirus electropherotypes occurring between rotavirus gastroenteritis epidemics in central Australia

The changes in human rotavirus electropherotypes, occurring during a period including two rotavirus gastroenteritis epidemics in 1976 and 1979 in relatively remote Central Australia, were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of the rotavirus genome ribonucleic acid. A number of different electropherotypes were present during each of the epidemics, although a single type was predominant in each one. The predominant electropherotype of the first epidemic persisted in the area for approximately 2 years afterwards. Apart from this electropherotype, only three others were recognized in the 3 years between the two epidemics. One of these, first seen 1 year before the second epidemic, bore a very close similarity to the predominant type of the second epidemic. Altogether, 12 different electropherotypes were recognized during the period of the survey. No type common to both areas was found when rotavirus electropherotypes recognized in Central Australia were compared with those detected in a 1973-to-1979 survey in Melbourne, Australia.
Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis Revisited

Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is a serious complication of chronic renal failure and has been recognized for over a decade. However, its pathogenesis is still not fully understood. It is indisputable that β2-microglobulin (β2-M) is the major constituent protein of DRA. Despite the finding of monocytes/macrophages around amyloid fibrils in histologic studies, the factor that stimulates their infiltration has yet to be elucidated. The acidic isoform of β2-M and the chemical modification by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in DRA arthropathies that may result from heightened cellular inflammatory responses secondary to progressive accumulation of AGEs in chronic amyloid deposits. Herein, we revisit this important complication of dialysis and provide an update on recent advances.
Biopsy and Tissue Processing Artifacts in Oral Mucosal Tissues

Artifact refers to an artificial structure or tissue alteration on a prepared microscopic slide—the result of an extraneous factor. It can result in alteration of normal morphologic and cytologic features that may occur as a result of the way the tissue has been handled, right from the time the biopsy, which is surgically obtained till the entire histopathological procedures of fixation, processing, embedding, sectioning and staining are performed on it. The procedures themselves subject to human and material errors resulting in an artifact may interfere with an adequate diagnosis or render the tissue to be undiagnosable. The present review provides in depth knowledge on the mismanagement of tissue during different biopsy sampling techniques and various processing procedures leading to the appearance of artifacts. Such familiarization in turn will contribute to knowledge of the material and instruments required for correct biopsy performance in dentistry, as well as of the material required for correct sample storage, transport and processing thereby necessitating stringent precision in technique at every step to enable an accurate diagnosis.
Adherence to Guidelines for the Management of Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity Is Improved by an Electronic Decision Support Tool and Designated “Reader”

Background and Objectives A hardcopy or paper cognitive aid has been shown to improve performance during the management of simulated local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) when given to the team leader. However, there remains room for improvement to ensure a system that can achieve perfect adherence to the published guidelines for LAST management. Recent research has shown that implementing a checklist via a designated reader may be of benefit. Accordingly, we sought to investigate the effect of an electronic decision support tool (DST) and designated “Reader” role on team performance during an in situ simulation of LAST. Methods Participants were randomized to Reader + DST (n = 16, rDST) and Control (n = 15, memory alone). The rDST group received the assistance of a dedicated Reader on the response team who was equipped with an electronic DST. The primary outcome measure was adherence to guidelines. Results For overall and critical percent correct scores, the rDST group scored higher than Control (99.3% vs 72.2%, P < 0.0001; 99.5% vs 70%, P < 0.0001, respectively). In the LAST scenario, 0 (0%) of 15 in the control group performed 100% of critical management steps, whereas 15 (93.8%) of 16 in the rDST group did so (P < 0.0001). Conclusions In a prospective, randomized single-blinded study, a designated Reader with an electronic DST improved adherence to guidelines in the management of an in situ simulation of LAST. Such tools are promising in the future of medicine, but further research is needed to ensure the best methods for implementing them in the clinical arena.