Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study of Various Protocols in Opportunistic Network

— Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) are a class of networks that lack continuous connectivity between nodes due to limited wireless radio coverage, widely scattered mobile nodes, constrained energy resources, high levels of interference or due to some other similar channel impairment. Routing in DTN is challenging because of frequent and long duration periods of non-connectivity. Several routing protocols have been proposed with strategies ranging from flooding to opportunistic approaches. Due to the diversity of available strategies, there is a need to properly classify and evaluate their performance with various angles. In this paper, we study state of the art routing protocols and give a comparison between them with respect to the characteristic features and methodology involved. The pros and cons of each, their performance and open research issues are also discussed.
Validating a Density Functional Theory Approach for Predicting the Redox Potentials Associated with Charge Carriers and Excitons in Polymeric Photocatalysts

We compare, for a range of conjugated polymers relevant to water-splitting photocatalysis, the predictions for the redox potentials associated with charge carriers and excitons by a total-energy ΔDFT approach to those measured experimentally. For solid-state potentials, of the different classes of potentials available experimentally for conjugated polymers, the class measured under conditions which are the most similar to those during water splitting, we find a good fit between the ionization potentials predicted using ΔB3LYP and those measured experimentally using photoemission spectroscopy (PES). We also observe a reasonable fit to the more limited data sets of excited-state ionization potentials, obtained from two-photon PES, and electron affinities, measured by inverse PES, respectively. Through a comparison of solid-state potentials with gas phase and solution potentials for a range of oligomers, we demonstrate how the quality of the fit to experimental solid-state data is probably the result of beni.
Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterium spp. Isolated from Cattle and Wildlife in Poland

Although Poland is officially tuberculosis (TB) free, meaning that less than 0.1% of her cattle herd is TB-positive, the problem of bovine TB in Poland may be re-emerging: its presence has recently been confirmed in domestic and companion animals, wildlife such as the European bison, and even humans. The aim of this chapter was to review all reports of bovine TB in Poland described to date, with particular emphasis on molecular studies, and determine further research directions. These studies include a range of molecular methods for diagnosis, including genotyping, spoligotyping and MIRU- VNTR; such methods successfully identifies a tuberculosis-positive European bison as the source of wild boar infection in the Bieszczady Mountains based on its spoligotype. This chapter argues that identified trains should be better archived, as such records would allow detailed epidemiological investigations and shed greater light on the activity of Mycobacterium spp. The current epidemiological situation in Poland highlights the need for further studies to determine epidemiological links and confirm possible routes of transmission based on whole genome sequencing; this need is accentuated by the zoonotic potential of such infections and the endangered species at risk.
Autonomous Model Vehicles: Signal Conditioning and Digital Control Design

In recent years, rapid economic development has increased the ownership of cars and as result road accidents have grown rapidly. However, autonomous cars can reduce roads accidents effectively by maintaining a safety distance from the vehicle ahead. The core of such vehicles are sensors, which provide information about cars surrounding, as well as control systems that employ sensor input to adjust driving parameters. The main purpose of this paper is designing and implementation of reversing sensor and control system for an autonomous model car. The operational principle behind the design is to have a flashing LED, the light of which is reflected back from a close proximity object into a photodiode. The signal detected from the photodiode is fed via signal conditioning electronics, which includes circuits for current to voltage converter, signal amplification and filtering, into a digital PID controller to control the speed of the vehicle. Multisim and Matlab simulations were performed to fully test the performance of the signal conditioning circuit and digital controller design before practically implementing on PICDEMTM mechatronics demo board. The obtained results were encouraging in which the controller revealed a swift response to sensor input data.
KEY DETERMINANTS THAT ENHANCE ACCEPTANCE OF MIGRANT LABOR SETTLEMENT IN THE ISKANDER DEVELOPMENT REGION, JOHOR

Migrant labor plays a crucial role in Malaysia’s development. As a result of the influx of migrant labors to work in Malaysia, migrant labor settlements have been established to provide shelter to support the laborers’ daily activities. These migrant labor settlements are usually located within or surrounding residential areas, and have raised skepticism among the local communities, many of the residents of which perceive the settlements to pose the risk of adverse impacts on their neighborhoods. This has led a recent debate in Malaysia over whether to remove migrant labor settlements from residential areas. The determinants that shape local community perception towards migrant settlement, however, remained unclear. In this study, a survey was conducted among residents to understand the psychological determinants that influence their degree of acceptance of migrant settlements, and the data are analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) analysis. The findings suggest that residents’ acceptance can be moderately explained by Concern, followed by Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioral Control, and Attitude. In addition, the findings imply that in order to improve acceptance among the community, priority should be given to resolving the local community’s concerns, which consist of four main issues (in descending order): crime and safety, decline in property values, hygiene issues, and the poor physical appearance of the settlement. To this end, this paper provides policy recommendations for both the government and community, and advises the government not to KEY DETERMINANTS THAT ENHANCE ACCEPTANCE OF MIGRANT LABOR SETTLEMENT IN THE ISKANDER DEVELOPMENT REGION, JOHOR Choong Weng Wai Malaysia Sustainable Cities Program, Working Paper Series © Choong Weng Wai & Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2017 2 segregate the migrant settlement from the host community, provided that host-community concerns can be resolved.
A REVIEW OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT

We review the theoretical and empirical literature on the economics of foreign direct investment (FDI). We summarize the significant evolution of economic research on this topic over the last five decades, from descriptive industrial organization studies to detailed econometric models with firm heterogeneity. We highlight the key economic concepts in the literature. David Riker, Office of Economics david.riker@usitc.gov Heather Wickramarachi, Office of Industries heather.wickramarachi@usitc.gov
Investigation of Antioxidant Activities and Hypoglycemic Effect of Black and White Myrtle Fruits

Fruits, are in black or white colour Mrytus communis, is known as locally name murt, hambales, mersin. It is an aromatic and medicinal plant that grows naturally in maquis form in regions with Mediterranean climate. We aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant activity of Myrtus communis L. in this research. White-black myrtle were collected from Hassa-Hatay and Tarsus-Mersin, respectively in October. Fruits were separated from the leaves and dried in the oven at 40oC. Fruit extracts were obtained in absolute ethanol (1:15) by using magnetic stirrer at the room temperature for one day. In this study, radical scaving activity-(DPPH), the hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity-(HPSA), metal chelating activity-(MCA), ferric reducing antioxidant power activity-(FRAP), total phenol-flavonoid contents and α-amylase, α-glycosidase inhibition were examined to determine characteristics of samples. DPPH and HPSA values were expressed as µg/ml in terms of SC50. FRAP and MCA features of extract were given as % activity. The hypoglycemic effect was investigated with -amylase--glucosidase inhibition assays. The DPPH-HPSA-FRAP-MCA of white-black myrtle samples were found 56.75-63.52 µg/ml, 193.95-207.73 µg/ml, 81.68-90.87%, and 20.88-27.71%, respectively. When the antioxidant results compare with the used standards such as Buthylated-Hydroxy-Anisole, Rutin, Trolox, white-black myrtle samples have effective antioxidant activity. Samples have shown hypoglycemic effect.
Facilitating Protocol-independent Industrial Intrusion Detection Systems

Cyber-physical systems are increasingly threatened by sophisticated attackers, also attacking the physical aspect of systems. Supplementing protective measures, industrial intrusion detection systems promise to detect such attacks. However, due to industrial protocol diversity and lack of standard interfaces, great efforts are required to adapt these technologies to a large number of different protocols. To address this issue, we identify existing universally applicable intrusion detection approaches and propose a transcription for industrial protocols to realize protocol-independent semantic intrusion detection on top of different industrial protocols.
Cell Biology and Signal Transduction VSRs in lytic vacuolar trafficking

In eukaryotic cells, protein trafficking plays an essential role in biogenesis of proteins that belong to the endomembrane compartments. In this process, an important step is the sorting of organellar proteins depending on their final destinations. For vacuolar proteins, vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs) and receptor homology-transmembrane-RING H2 domain proteins (RMRs) are thought to be responsible. Arabidopsis contains seven VSRs. Among them, VSR1, VSR3 and VSR4 are involved in sorting storage proteins targeted to the protein storage vacuole (PSV) in seeds. However, it remains controversial about the identity of VSRs for soluble proteins of the lytic vacuole in vegetative cells. Here, we provide evidence that VSR1, VSR3 and VSR4 are involved in sorting soluble lytic vacuolar and PSV proteins in vegetative cells. In protoplasts from leaf tissues of vsr1vsr3 and vsr1vsr4 but not vsr5vsr6, rmr1rmr2 and rmr3rmr4 double mutants, soluble lytic vacuolar (AALP:GFP and CPY:GFP) and PSV (phaseolin) proteins, but not a vacuolar membrane protein AtβFruct4:GFP, exhibited defects in their trafficking; they accumulated to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with an increased secretion into medium. The trafficking defects in vsr1vsr4 protoplasts were rescued by VSR1 or VSR4 but not VSR5 or AtRMR1. Furthermore, of the luminal domain swapping mutants between VSR1 and VSR5, the mutant with the luminal domain of VSR1, but not that of VSR5, rescued the trafficking defects of AALP:GFP and phaseolin in vsr1vsr4 protoplasts. Based on these results, we propose that VSR1, VSR3 and VSR4, but not other VSRs, are involved in sorting soluble lytic vacuolar and PSV proteins for their trafficking to the vacuoles in vegetative cells. https://plantphysiol.org Downloaded on May 3, 2021. Published by Copyright (c) 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.
Old but Gold: Prospecting TCP to Engineer and Real-time Monitor DNS Anycast (extended)

DNS 1 latency is a concern for many service operators: CDNs exist to reduce service latency to end-users, but must rely on global DNS for reachability and load-balancing. Today, DNS latency is monitored by active probing from distributed platforms like RIPE Atlas or commercial services. While Atlas coverage is wide, its 10k sites see only a fraction of the Internet. In this paper we show that passive observation of TCP handshakes can measure live DNS latency, continuously, providing good coverage of current service clients . Estimating RTT from TCP is an old idea, but applying this approach to DNS has never scrutinized like this before. We show that there is sufficient TCP DNS traffic today to provide good operational coverage (particularly of IPv6), and very good temporal coverage (better than existing approaches), enabling near-real time evaluation of DNS latency. We also show that DNS servers can optionally solicit TCP to broaden coverage. We quantify coverage and show that estimates of DNS latency from TCP is consistent with UDP latency. Our approach finds previously unknown, real problems: DNS polarization is a new problem where a hypergiant sends global traffic to one anycast site rather than taking advantage of the global anycast deployment. Correcting polarization in Google DNS cut its latency from 100 ms to 10 ms; correcting polarization from Microsoft cut Azure latency from 90 ms to 20 ms. Finally, real-time use of our approach for a European country-level domain has helped detect and correct a BGP routing misconfiguration
Hybrid Censoring Schemes with Mixture Gamma Failure Distribution

Censoring schemes have received much attention over the past decades. Hybrid censoring schemes are censoring schemes mixed of type-I (T-1) and type-II (T-2) censoring schemes, a most popular area of study in life-testing or reliability experiments. More precisely, hybrid censoring can be described as a mixture of T-I and T-2 schemes. Gamma distribution is widely used, and its connection has more distributions. Mixture and single gamma distribution will be studied to estimate parameters, based on type-II hybrid censoring schemes (T-2HCS). We will apply algorithms to compute the maximum likelihood (ML) estimators and Bayesian approaches, using statistics, such as Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. Bayes estimators and corresponding highest posterior density confidence intervals will be tabled. Also, Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation is implemented to compare the performances of the different methods and the real dataset is analyzed for illustrative purposes.
Prediction of Diabetes Disease using Data Mining Classification Techniques

— Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases in which the blood sugar or blood glucose level is above a certain amount in the body. It is often known as the silent killer because of its easy-to-miss symptoms of the Diabetes Disease (DD). Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes which occurs in women during their pregnancy and can cause potential health issues for both the mother and the child. The classification of the DD is essential to improve the quality of life of patients suffering from the disease. The primary objective of this research work is to identify the most dominant feature for the DD and to classify the DD for its early diagnosis. Data mining and machine learning (ML) techniques including Naive Bayes, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are used to predict the DD. Pima Indian Diabetes (PID) dataset is used in this experimental investigation, and the performance of the developed models is evaluated using various performance evaluation matrices. The results indicate that the proposed methodology successfully classifies the DD as compared to techniques used in the past. The result also revealed that the proposed methodology could be successfully used in medical and healthcare centers for the classification and early diagnosis of the DD.
Many-body study of cobalt adatoms adsorbed on graphene

Many recent calculations have been performed to study a Co atom adsorbed on graphene, with significantly varying results on the nature of the bonding. We use auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) and a size-correction embedding scheme to accurately calculate the binding energy of Co on graphene. We find that as a function of the distance h between the Co atom and the six-fold hollow site, there are three distinct ground states corresponding to three electronic configurations of the Co atom. Two of these states provide binding and exhibit a double-well feature with nearly equal binding energy of 0.4 eV at h = 1.51 and h = 1.65 angstroms, corresponding to low-spin $^2$Co (3d9 4s0) and high-spin $^4$Co (3d8 4s1), respectively.
Composite Salt in Porous Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Adsorption Heat Transformation

Adsorptive heat transformation systems such as adsorption thermal batteries and chillers can provide space heating and cooling in a more environmental friendly way. However, their use is still hindered by their relatively poor performances and large sizes due to the limited properties of solid adsorbents. Here, the spray‐drying continuous‐flow synthesis of a new type of solid adsorbents that results from combining metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), such as UiO‐66, and hygroscopic salts, such as CaCl2 has been reported. These adsorbents, commonly named as composite salt in porous matrix (CSPM) materials, allow improving the water uptake capabilities of MOFs while preventing their dissolution in the water adsorbed; a common characteristic of these salts due to the deliquescence effect. It is anticipated that MOF‐based CSPMs, in which the percentage of salt can be tuned, are promising candidates for thermal batteries and chillers. In these applications, it is showed that a CSPM made of UiO‐66 and CaCl2 (38% w/w) exhibits a heat storage capacity of 367 kJ kg−1 , whereas a second CSPM made of UiO‐66 and CaCl2 (53% w/w) shows a specific cooling power of 631 W kg−1 and a coefficient of performance of 0.83, comparable to the best solid adsorbents reported so far.
Profile of phenolic compounds in Trifolium pratense L. extracts at different growth stages and their biological activities

ABSTRACT Although Trifolium pratense (Red Clover) is considered to be one of the leading crops for livestock grazing, it could also be used as a potential source of bioactive compounds in phytopharmacy. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenolic content and its biological activity at the growth phases (30 cm, 50 cm, and bud) of this plant. The phenolic compounds in methanolic extracts of T. pratense leaves at three growth stages, obtained by Microwave Assisted Extraction, were quantified using the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS technique, and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were assessed. Isoflavonoids, genistein, and daidzein, as well as other phenols, p-hydroxybenzoic and caffeic acids, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, and hyperoside were found in all the extracts, but the content of these compounds was the highest in the extract of the plant at the lowest growth stage (30 cm, vegetative). Therefore, this extract showed the best antioxidant potential and it was most effective against bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes. These results indicated that red clover has potential health benefits, and that growth phase contributes to its biological activity. The extract of red clover at the growth stage of 30 cm is a great source of bioactive compounds and could be used in phytotherapy and nutrition.
Activated sludge mixed liquor heterotrophic active biomass

In the current steady state design and kinetic simulation models for activated sludge systems, the heterotrophic active biomass is a key parameter. However, this parameter remains hypothetical within the structure of the models; it has not been measured directly, primarily due to the lack of suitable simple experimental techniques. In this paper a simple batch test procedure is used to quantify the heterotrophic active biomass concentrations of mixed liquor samples drawn from a well-defined anoxi/aerobic activated sludge system. The measured heterotrophic active biomass concentrations are in close agreement with those calculated theoretically using the steady state design and kinetic simulation models. This agreement provides substantive direct evidence supporting both the models and the experimental method.
Nickel speciation and ecotoxicity in European natural surface waters: development, refinement and validation of bioavailability models

The accurate prediction of Ni ecotoxicity in natural surface water with bioavailability models such as the biotic ligand model (BLM) depends on how well these models can predict both the speciation of Ni (i.e. Ni2+ concentration), the toxicity of Ni2+ ions to an organism, and the effects of water chemistry parameters thereupon, such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH, and water hardness. The overall aim of the study was to calibrate existing speciation models to Ni speciation in natural surface waters and to use these data to validate and/or refine bioavailability models for aquatic organisms from three trophic levels, i.e. algae, invertebrates (daphnids), and fish. The developed chronic Ni toxicity models for daphnids, fish and algae exhibit sufficiently high predictive capacities to yield a marked reduction of uncertainty associated with differences in chronic Ni bioavailability among different test waters. This is due to the fact that they can predict both Ni2+ concentrations as a function of dissolved Ni and water chemistry (mainly DOC, pH, Ca, Mg), as well as the toxicity of the Ni2+ ion as a function of water chemistry (mainly pH, Ca, Mg). The use of the models presented in the present study for normalizing Ni toxicity data will therefore decrease the overall uncertainty of the risk assessment, provided that the variability of bioavailability modifying parameters across different EU regions and water bodies is acknowledged.
Comparison of pharmacokinetics between different doses of baicalein in rats

Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetics of baicalin in rat after oral administration of different doses of baicalein.Methods: HPLC-ECD method was used to determine baicalin in the plasma,and the concentration-time curves were compared in 3 doses of baicalein.Results: When administration in a small dosage of baicalein,the Tmax were 1 and 9 h,the Cmax,1h and Cmax,9 h were 3.74 and 2.18 μg·mL-1,respectively,and the AUC0～24 h was 30.44 μg·mL-1·h.In the middle dosage of baicalein,the Tmax were 1 and 13 h,the Cmax,1 h and Cmax,13 h were 15.32 and 6.76 μg·mL-1,and the AUC0～24 h was 123.77 μg·mL-1·h.While in the big dosage of baicalein,the Tmax were 1.5 and 9 h,and the Cmax,1.5 h and Cmax,9 h were 14.63 and 10.92 μg·mL-1,and the AUC0～24 h was 149.63 μg·mL-1·h.The doublet phenomenon exists in all concentration-time curves of the three dosage.As compared with the small dosage(20 mg·kg-1),when the administration dosage of baicalein was improved 4 folds to 100 mg·kg-1,the AUC0～24 h was accordingly improved 3.1 folds;while the administration dosage of baicalein was improved 9 folds to 200 mg·kg-1,AUC0～24 h was only improved by 4 folds.Conclusion: Baicalin shows linear pharmacokinetics in rats when the dosage of baicalein is 20～100 mg·kg-1;and non-linear pharmacokinetics when the dosage is 100～200 mg·kg-1.
Degradation of terrestrial organic matter by aquatic microbial genomes in the Amazon River

Celio Dias Santos-Junior Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence – ISTBI, Fudan University, Shanghai, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-1736 Ramiro Logares (  ramiro.logares@gmail.com ) Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-00028213-0604 Flavio Henrique-Silva (  dfhs@ufscar.br ) Molecular Biology Laboratory. Department of Genetics and Evolution – DGE, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3329-4597