Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The oligomeric state of archaeal fibrillarin : implications in the organization and function of essential box C/D sRNP particles

Several vital cellular processes are preformed by large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. In archaeal and eukaryotic cells one example of these essential RNP particles is the box C/D sRNP. In archaea, this complex is responsible for methylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) during their maturation. Archaeal fibrillarin (aFib) is the 2’-O methyltransferase responsible for catalysis by this complex. In this work we have identified the ability of aFib from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius to form dimers at biologically relevant concentrations and the structural determinants essential for this association. Based on our model we have predicted the ability of aFibs to form dimers in different archaeal and eukaryotic species. The ability of aFibs and their eukaryotic homologs to potentially adopt multiple conformations provides insight into the dynamics of the box C/D sRNP complex. As observed in the study of other essential RNP particles, the ability of these complexes to be conformationally diverse is integral to efficient catalysis of their varied substrates. Table of
Ecological Consequences of Recent Climate Change

Abstract: Global climate change is frequently considered a major conservation threat. The Earth's climate has already warmed by 0.5° C over the past century, and recent studies show that it is possible to detect the effects of a changing climate on ecological systems. This suggests that global change may be a current and future conservation threat. Changes in recent decades are apparent at all levels of ecological organization: population and life‐history changes, shifts in geographic range, changes in species composition of communities, and changes in the structure and functioning of ecosystems. These ecological effects can be linked to recent population declines and to both local and global extinctions of species. Although it is impossible to prove that climate change is the cause of these ecological effects, these findings have important implications for conservation biology. It is no longer safe to assume that all of a species' historic range remains suitable. In drawing attention to the importance of climate change as a current threat to species, these studies emphasize the need for current conservation efforts to consider climate change in both in situ conservation and reintroduction efforts. Additional threats will emerge as climate continues to change, especially as climate interacts with other stressors such as habitat fragmentation. These studies can contribute to preparations for future challenges by providing valuable input to models and direct examples of how species respond to climate change.
Motivation Factor Influencing Behavior Change in Electrical Consumption

This paper discusses consumer awareness and consumer Current electric consumption behavior as possible factors that could increase human motivation in committing to conserving behavior especially on electrical energy. The study also looks at how much motivation factor can create changes in consumer behavior towards the desired outcome.The study tested three hypotheses which are H1: Current Electric Consumption Behavior (CB) has significant influence on Motivation (MV), H2: Awareness (AW) has significant influence on Motivation (MV) and H3: Motivation (MV) has significant effect on Behavior Change (BC). Based on the finding gathered using PLS analysis on 400 respondents indicated that current electrical consumption behavior and consumer awareness have positive effect on person motivation about current electrical issue. Motivation have a negative correlation with resistance to behavior change. This may indicate that the higher the motivation level that a person has the less resistance that consumer feel in changing their behavior towards electric conservation.
Acculturation and Eating Disorders 1 Perfection as acculturation: A study of the psychological correlates of eating problems in Chinese male and female students living in the United States

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between acculturation, self-esteem, depression, and characteristics associated with eating disorders among Chinese university students in the USA. Method: A self report questionnaire which included an acculturation scale (SL-ASIA), Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression (CES-D), Index of Self Esteem (ISE) and Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) was administered to 197 Chinese university students in the USA (93 females and 104 males). Results: Highly acculturated females reported significantly higher EDI total scores, more maturity fears and a greater sense of ineffectiveness. Males who were less acculturated also reported high ineffectiveness while high male scores on acculturation were associated with greater perfectionism. Overall, females reported more body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness, and respondents with high acculturation reported more perfectionism and interceptive awareness. Discussion: The impact of perfecting oneself or ones body as a means of acculturating is discussed along with potential gender differences in perceived efficacy in a
Variance Networks: When Expectation Does Not Meet Your Expectations

Ordinary stochastic neural networks mostly rely on the expected values of their weights to make predictions, whereas the induced noise is mostly used to capture the uncertainty, prevent overfitting and slightly boost the performance through test-time averaging. In this paper, we introduce variance layers, a different kind of stochastic layers. Each weight of a variance layer follows a zero-mean distribution and is only parameterized by its variance. We show that such layers can learn surprisingly well, can serve as an efficient exploration tool in reinforcement learning tasks and provide a decent defense against adversarial attacks. We also show that a number of conventional Bayesian neural networks naturally converge to such zero-mean posteriors. We observe that in these cases such zero-mean parameterization leads to a much better training objective than conventional parameterizations where the mean is being learned.
IDENTIFICATION AND STABILITY OF ACYLATED ANTHOCYANINS IN PURPLE- FLESHED SWEETPOTATO p40 by JIANTENG XU

We previously selected a purple-fleshed sweetpotato p40 clone that has been shown to protect against colorectal cancer in a murine model. This study is to identify anthocyanins by using HPLC/MS-MS and assess the stability during various coking conditions. P40 possesses a high content of anthocyanins up to 13 mg/g dry matter. Total 12 acylated anthocyanins with caffeic, ferulic, and p-hydrobenzoic acid have been identified on either cyanidin or peonidin bases. The top three major anthocyanins are cyanidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside5-glucoside, peonidin 3-caffeoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside, and cyanidin 3-(6'' -caffeoyl-6''feruloylsophoroside)-5-glucoside, which account for an half of the total anthocyanin contents. Seven non-, mono-, or di-acylated cyanidin species and five monoor di-acylated peonidin species contribute for 69% and 31% of total anthocyanins, respectively. Over 80% of total anthocyanins measured by acid hydrolysis were cyanidin derivatives. Therefore, as a cyanidinpredominated variety, p40 is unique when compared with other reported purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes that usually contain more peonidin than cyanidin. While baking does not impact overall contents of anthocyanins, steaming, high pressure cooking, microwaving, and frying significantly reduce 20% of total anthocyanin contents. Mono-acylated anthocyanins show a higher resistance against heat than diand non-acylated. Among of which, cyaniding 3-phydroxybenzoylsophoroside-5-glucoside exhibits the best thermal stability. Better understanding of dietary anthocyanins and their stabilities may lead to the development of a functional anthocyanin-enriched sweetpotato product for health benefits.
Integration of a generalised building model into the pose estimation of UAS images

A hybrid bundle adjustment is presented that allows for the integration of a generalised building model into the pose estimation of image sequences. These images are captured by an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) equipped with a camera flying in between the buildings. The relation between the building model and the images is described by distances between the object coordinates of the tie points and building model planes. Relations are found by a simple 3D distance criterion and are modelled as fictitious observations in a Gauss-Markov adjustment. The coordinates of model vertices are part of the adjustment as directly observed unknowns which allows for changes in the model. Results of first experiments using a synthetic and a real image sequence demonstrate improvements of the image orientation in comparison to an adjustment without the building model, but also reveal limitations of the current state of the method.
Investigation on the impacts of urban aerosol release and heat island effect on downwind precipitation in high Latitudes

The 3D Penn State University (PSU)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) mesoscale meteorological model version 5.0 (MM5) served to examine the urban effects (release of heat, moisture, aerosols, sealing) on wintertime precipitation in high-latitudes. MM5 was run with three interacting domains over Alaska with Fairbanks as a test city. Statistical analysis using an unreplicated 2 factorial design was applied to detect interaction as well as significance of the individual contributions of the urban effects. The results substantiate that the release of aerosols led to a decrease in downwind precipitation, while it increased the total accumulated precipitation for the innermost domain. The results support the hypothesis that the discrepancies found between observed precipitation trends and those simulated by General Circulation Models (GCM) may be caused by the coarse resolution of these models. 4
Association Between Maternal Nutrition Status and Birth Weight of Neonates in Selected Hospitals in Mysore City, India

A cross sectional study designed to measure the nutritional status of women in the third trimester of pregnancy and to relate the birth weight of neonate as outcome of pregnancy. Participants comprised of 500 pregnant women in the age group 18-40 years who represented 7.5% of population. Mean height, weight, fundal height and haemoglobin of pregnant women were 155.6 cm, 59.5 kg, 34.0 cm and 10.6 g/dl respectively. Computation of nutrient intakes (based on 24 h recall method) showed that the mean intake of energy was 1785.0 kcal, protein 56.2, calcium 775.6 mg, iron 17.9 mg, zinc 8.5 mg and magnesium 482.3 mg. Percent adequacy of nutrient intake with reference to recommended allowances showed that only magnesium was adequate but other nutrients mentioned above were inadequate. The mean birth weight of neonates was 2.9 kg. Height, head and chest circumferences were 48.5, 33.6 and 32.3 cm respectively. Twenty five percent of neonates considered as low birth weight. Statistical analysis indicated that male neonates were heavier, taller and their head and chest circumferences were higher than female. Maternal height, weight, fundal height and haemoglobin level were significantly correlated with birth weight. Nutrient intakes, namely energy, protein, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc in the third trimester were significantly correlated with birth weight. Using binary logistic regression analysis weight, fundal height, energy and protein intake of pregnant women could be considered as predictor factors for birth weight. It is suggested that consumption of enough nutrients should be emphasized in the nutrition education component of maternal health programmes
Global Stability of a Cholera Carrier Epidemic Model with Nonlinear Incidence Functions

A new deterministic susceptible-carrier-infectious-removed-pathogen (SCIRP) cholera epidemic model with combined mass action incidence and saturated incidence rates is proposed. The threshold behavior of the model system is analyzed and establishes that cholera dies out whenever basic reproduction number is less than unity, and the disease would persist in the populations whenever the model basic reproduction number exceeds unity. The global stabilities of the model system are investigated using Lyapunov functional approach and were found to be globally asymptotically stable at both equilibrium states. Numerical simulations and graphical illustrations are presented to support the analytical results found in the study.
Tangent-space methods for uniform matrix product states

In these lecture notes we give a technical overview of tangent-space methods for matrix product states in the thermodynamic limit. We introduce the manifold of uniform matrix product states, show how to compute different types of observables, and discuss the concept of a tangent space. We explain how to variationally optimize ground-state approximations, implement real-time evolution and describe elementary excitations for a given model Hamiltonian. Also, we explain how matrix product states approximate fixed points of one-dimensional transfer matrices. We show how all these methods can be translated to the language of continuous matrix product states for one-dimensional field theories. We conclude with some extensions of the tangent-space formalism and with an outlook to new applications.
Information technology and automation in hospitals: strategies and experience in a tertiary hospital in Spain

Introduction: Providers and patients demand a high-quality, efficient, and cost-effective service. Different publications highlight the role of health information technology (HIT) and automation in reducing the number of medication errors and increasing efficiency, with the greatest emphasis on computerised prescriber order entry (CPOE) combined with computerised clinical decision support. Technologies such as automated preparation and dispensing systems, electronic medication administration records, and smart infusion pumps are also important. However, HIT and implementation of automation in hospitals often meet with resistance. Study objectives: To describe the implementation of an automated medication use process for prescription and dispensing in an acute care tertiary hospital in Spain, the strategies developed to ensure its success and the results in terms of quality, efficiency, and cost. Results: The process is described in three phases: (1) reorganisation of the pharmacy department and HIT processes, (2) design and implementation of CPOE, and (3) implementation of decentralised profiled automated dispensing cabinets. Strategies include prioritisation of projects and the steps to be developed to implement new technology. The new model reduced the medication error rate from 13.6% to 8.7% compared with that based on handwritten prescriptions and ward stock distribution. It also increased pharmacy interventions by 40% and reduced pharmacy department activity cost, measured in relative value units, by 28%. Conclusion: Implementation of an automated medication use process requires a careful balance between technical, clinical, and organisational factors. If implementation is managed properly, the process can increase quality and efficiency and reduce costs in the pharmacy department.
A Survey on methodologies of Blood vessel extraction from Retinal Images

: Visual perception plays a very important role in ones existence. There are various diseases which affect the vision of the person, so early detection of such problems can prevent the person from vision loss and is also greatly appreciated by oculists. The different eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration and many more can be detected by examining the changes and variations in the retinal vasculature. The examination of retinal structure is a very difficult, time consuming and effort prone task for the ophthalmologists as the structure of eye is very complex, size of the blood vessels is very small and varies from vessel to vessel. The various retinal blood vessel segmentation algorithms have been developed so far for extraction of retinal blood vessels which helps oculists in early detection of the various eye diseases. We present in this paper the different approaches adopted for segmenting the retinal vessels along with the future directions.
Biomass Yield, Chemical Composition and Potential Ethanol Yields of 8 Cultivars of Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) Harvested 3-Monthly in Central Thailand

Eight cultivars of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.), namely Dwarf, Muaklek, Bana, Taiwan A148, Common, Wruk wona, Tifton and Kampheng San, were grown in central Thailand in 2008-2009 and biomass yield, chemical composition and theoretical ethanol yield were measured. Harvests were made every 3 months. Biomass yield and cell wall compositions differed significantly (P 0.05) among cultivars. Tifton produced the highest annual biomass yield at 58.3 t/ha followed by Wruk wona (52.1 t/ha), while the lowest yield of 27.1 t/ha was in Dwarf. Biomass yield varied with season with highest yields in May and lowest in February during the dry season. Cell wall concentrations were higher in the tall cultivars than in the short ones (Dwarf and Muaklek) (P 0.05). Theoretical ethanol conversion efficiency ranged from 350 to 460 L/t DM among the cultivars following pretreatment with steam explosion. While a number of cultivars showed significant potential for use as biofuels in central Thailand, Tifton seemed to be the most promising.
Periodic event-triggered output feedback control of nonlinear systems

We investigate the stabilization of perturbed nonlinear systems using output-based periodic event-triggered controllers. Thus, the communication between the plant and the controller is triggered by a mechanism, which evaluates an output- and input-dependent rule at given sampling instants. We address the problem by emulation. Hence, we assume the knowledge of a continuous-time output feedback controller, which robustly stabilizes the system in the absence of network. We then implement the controller over the network and model the overall system as a hybrid system. We design the event-triggered mechanism to ensure an input-to-state stability property. An explicit bound on the maximum allowable sampling period at which the triggering rule is evaluated is provided. The analysis relies on the construction of a novel hybrid Lyapunov function. The results are applied to a class of Lipschitz nonlinear systems, for which we formulate the required conditions as linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of the scheme is illustrated via simulations of a nonlinear example.
A Vessel Weather Routing Scheduler

Voyage optimization in maritime transportation is essential to ensure good conditions of the operation – such comfort of the crew, reduce time of voyage and to maintain the efficiency and sustainability in the way to ensure cost competitiveness of ship operations. The constant need to maximize profit motivates even more developments and improvements in time organization and travel optimization systems. In fact, these technologies can lead to avoiding heavy sea conditions and to a significant reduction in travel time, fuel consumption and Green House Gas emissions. This work presents travel optimization schedules based on the Dijkstra algorithm and on Kwon’s added resistance modelling. Supported in the vessel’s movement and stochastic weather conditions, the forecast model evaluates the voyage according to different objectives: to reach the port of destination with the minimum travel time, to spend the least amount of fuel, to travel in the lowest conditions of Beaufort – in the best sea conditions and to travel with the minimum head sea – the condition which the waves find the ship with less angulation relative to its surge movement. Therefore, the optimal route is obtained by considering both voluntary and involuntary sailing speed reduction. By utilizing a decision support tool, the ship’s crew may select the optimum route according to their objectives. The validation of the model is performed by comparing the results obtained with established commercial routes. It is then possible to compare, by the means of knowing the vessel’s and main engine characteristics, the amount of fuel consumed on the travel time for the determined routes. Work that opens the way for the consideration of greenhouse emissions.
Infant and toddler care

The purpose of this review of recent research is to identify the quality of care that infants and toddlers are receiving in both home-based and center-based care settings. The review will also identify how infant and toddler caregivers perceive their work, and ways that professional development opportunities can positively impact the quality of care for infant and toddlers. The conclusion of this literature review includes recommendations for future action and education policies based on the research reviewed. iii
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH POSITIVE PREOPERATIVE AXILLARY ULTRASOUND SCANNING IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS

Background: Axillary lymph node status is the most important breast cancer prognostic factor. Preoperative axillary ultrasound examination (PAUS) is used to triage patients for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). We assessed the detection rate of lymph node metastases by PAUS in a screening unit and evaluated associations between clinicopathological factors and PAUS positivity. Patients and Methods: This was a single-centre retrospective analysis of data extracted from a hospital breast cancer database and clinical records. Clinical, radiological, and pathological and prognostic indices were compared between PAUS-positive and PAUS-negative patients subsequently found to have lymph node metastases on histopathological analysis. Results: Two hundred and two patients were eligible for analysis. 50.5% of lymph node-positive patients were correctly identified as PAUS positive. Patients with PAUS-positive lymph nodes had less favourable disease characteristics, namely clinically palpable lymph nodes, higher Nottingham prognostic index (NPI), high lymph node burden according to the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) group classification, and larger, grade 3 tumours with lymphovascular invasion and extranodal spread. Moreover, PAUS-positive patients had more macrometastases and lymph node involvement than PAUS-negative patients. Conclusion: PAUS-positive patients and PAUS-negative (SLNB-positive) patients have different clinicopathological characteristics. The presence of LVI, extranodal spread, grade 3 histology, or large tumours with poor prognostic indexes in PAUS-negative patients should be regarded with caution and perhaps prompt second-look ultrasound examination.