Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interference Analysis of Multicore Shared Resources with a Commercial Avionics RTOS

Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) multicore architectures are being deployed in avionics systems. However, the shared resources of multicore architectures cause inter-core interference (ICI). This interference degrades the predictability of the execution time of avionics systems. To reduce interference, a regulator of operating system (OS) that restricts resource usage per core has been proposed. Due to the nature of avionics systems, modifying OS or software poses problems with safety verification and certification. In this paper, we analyzed the ICI due to shared memory in COTS hardware. Furthermore, we analyzed the impact of interference improvement through Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Acquisition-Execution-Restitution (AER) execution models proposed in previous studies. The execution model can reduce interference without modification of the code. However, previous studies have analyzed the interference using an OS-less environment or a non-commercial OS. Hence the OS overhead is not considered. This paper analyzes the shared resource interference in commercial OS based on ARINC 653. We also propose a method for implementing an execution model in the OS. Through experiments, we show that interference by shared resources is reduced by applying TDMA and AER models. In the case of TDMA, execution time is reduced by up to 10%. The AER model has increased execution time due to the control of the execution flow among the cores, but it has been possible to reduce the major cycle by increasing the utilization. The variation of cache misses is reduced through TDMA and AER execution models. The number of occurrences also decreased by about 10%.
The Failure Case of Phase Transition for Penalized Problems in Corrupted Sensing

The problem of corrupted sensing aims to recover a signal from corrupted measurements. As a result of the ill-posedness of the problem, recovery is impossible for arbitrary signal and corruption. On the contrary, if both the signal and corruption are well structured, recovery becomes possible, and a common approach is to solve a penalized program. In practice, penalized programs exhibit a sharp phase transition, and this letter presents a partial analysis for this phenomenon, which focuses on the problem when they fail. In the analysis, we present a geometry condition determining the failure of penalized programs. Then, if the sensing matrix has independent normal entries, the geometry condition can be studied using Gaussian process theory, and we obtain the threshold for the measurement number below which penalized problems fail with high probability. Moreover, to compute the obtained threshold in practice, we present a computable upper bound for it. Simulation results demonstrate that our theoretical results are very sharp.
Performance Improvement for Stacked-Layer Data Bus Reconstruction on Complete Timing Period

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm to improve the bus performance by reconstructing a stacked-layer data bus. The algorithm always tries to insert repeaters into the current critical path of a data access for isolating their extra capacitive loadings and sizes their repeaters for minimizing the critical access time on a complete timing period. The above process is repeated until no any improvement in the critical access time. Finally, each access time and the average access time can be dramatically decreased and the bus performance thus be upgraded. Experimental results show that our performance improvement for a stacked-layer data bus on a complete timing period has up to 49.15% in average access time on average and has 17.95% better than other approaches.
Experimental assessment of vision-based sensing for small UAS sense and avoid

This paper presents first results of an experimental flight-test campaign aimed to gather data for performance assessment of non-cooperative Sense and Avoid architectures for small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). The attention is here focused on vision-based approaches. An innovative sensing technique is proposed which exploits a Deep Learning (DL) network as the main processing block of the detector algorithm, and a multi-temporal strategy for track generation and confirmation. Both the detection and tracking phases foresee ad-hoc solutions to deal with the presence of intruders either above or below the horizon. Two customized small quadcopters, equipped with high-resolution color cameras, are used to reproduce in flight low-altitude, near-collision scenarios characterized by different speed and height above ground, thus being able to act simultaneously as ownship and intruder. Results demonstrate the capability of the DL-based detector to provide maximum declaration range around 300 m and 100 m, above and below the horizon, respectively. The tracker can robustly produce firm track of the intruder while rejecting many false positives, particularly occurring in below-the-horizon scenarios.
Thermal and optical performance investigations of laser-excited phosphor layer on a semiconductor chilling plate

High-power laser illumination is considered as one of the most potential method for the next generation of lighting. However, heat accumulation greatly influences the optical performance of the phosphor converted layer, which is bottleneck of the high-power laser illumination system. In this study, a semiconductor chilling plate (SCP) with water cooling system was adopted to dissipate heat accumulated by phosphor convertor during the high-power blue laser excitation. Input laser power and the power of SCP were experimentally evaluated. The thermal and optical performances were also evaluated, respectively. As a result, the phosphor layer with a SCP showed better heat dissipation than the phosphor layer without a SCP. When the system was in the optimizing SCP substrate temperature (5℃), the highest input laser power that the phosphor layer with a SCP can sustain is 4.82W, which is 62.23% higher than the phosphor layer without a SCP (2.97W). Therefore, the phosphor layer with a SCP shows great potential in high-power laser illumination system.
Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Tissue Injury and Repair

Abstract Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) belongs to a family of multifunctional polypeptides which regulate normal cell growth, development, and tissue remodeling following injury. The ability of cells to produce TGFβ or to respond to this growth factor via cell surface receptors is highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom. TGFβ is a potent growth inhibitor of many normal and transformed cell lines; abnormalities in TGFβ signaling have been linked to tumorigenicity. Disruption of the TGFβ1 gene in utero produces a wasting syndrome characterized by systemic inflammation, suggesting that this growth factor plays an important role in limiting the inflammatory response. TGFβ is a dominant mediator of the pathologic extracellular matrix accumulation that characterizes progression of tissue injury to end-stage organ failure. Recent studies directed towards characterization of the TGFβ genes, dissection of the mechanisms by which TGFβs are produced and activated, and identification of TGFβ signaling pathways have established the important roles that these family members play in cell and tissue homeostasis. In this overview, TGFβ structure-function relationships and their relevance to a few select models of tissue injury/wound repair are highlighted.
Temporal variation in lipid, protein and carbohydrate content in the Red Sea soft coral Heteroxenia fuscescens

Heteroxenia fuscescens is a common zooxanthellate soft coral on the shallow reefs of the Gulf of Eilat, northern Red Sea. Its main nutritional sources are the uptake of dissolved organic material (DOM) and carbon fixation by its symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae). Recent studies have indicated that although colonies of H. fuscescens release planulae all year round, their fecundity was subject to seasonal changes. In this study the monthly per cent of ash, lipid, protein and carbohydrate in the coral tissue over a three year period was determined. It was found that the tissues of colonies of H. fuscescens contained a monthly per cent mean of 8.8±4 ash (without sclerites), 11±3.5 lipid, 19.2±6.4 protein, and 0.6±0.01 carbohydrate (N=36). This study is the first to present such values based on long term investigation of the biochemical profile of a coral, thus enabling an examination of temporal variability in biochemical composition among seasons and successive years. The results indicated seasonal fluctuations in lipid and protein content, while variation in the biochemical composition among years was expressed only in the protein content. The mean energetic content of H. fuscescens was relatively high at 23.3±1.2 kJ g−1 dry weight (DW). A significant difference in the energetic content of H. fuscescens was found among seasons. It is suggested that the increase in nutrient levels following the annual mixing event at the Gulf of Eilat and the raised light levels led to high energetic content during summer, which may reflect the increase in the number of embryos and developing planulae in H. fuscescens colonies. Furthermore, it is suggested that in the Gulf of Eilat seasonal fluctuations in the abiotic features of the water may have an impact on the biochemical composition and energetic content of the studied species.
First records of advanced embryos and egg capsules of Bathyraja skates from the deep north-eastern Atlantic

Five variously developed embryos [142-279 mm total length (L T )] from egg capsules from the Porcupine Seabight, north-eastern Atlantic (1541 m depth) are used to establish the ontogeny and early life history of Bathyraja richardsoni, The capsules of this species and two half-formed ones from the shell glands of a large (1620 mm L T ) female Bathyraja pallida taken off Ireland (c. 1900 m depth) are described and illustrated. The varying degree of yolk sac absorption found in the B. richardsoni embryos is discussed in relation to hatching size and its seeming size independence over c. 20-50 mm within the embryos' total length range. The conservative variation in external morphology with development from advanced embryos to adults among such deep stenobathic Bathyraja skates is commented upon, as is the bathymetric segregation of adults from levels in which egg capsules are deposited and young develop.
Development of the Demand Response Programs in Smart Grids with Determination of the Ancillary Services Price for Demand-side

Considering the importance of the ancillary services price for supply and demand sides of the power markets, which helps with developing the mutual communication between supply and demand sides, determination of the ranges of the price of the ancillary services is necessary. On the other hand, developing demand-side management programs are important challenges faced by restructured power network. Considering these concepts, a new power market-based method to obtain the prices of the ancillary services particularly in case of the reactive power is presented in this paper. The proposed method helps with developing the demand-side programs. The proposed market-based method is developed with new power market clearing constraints. Also, the smart metering and monitoring equipment required to implementation of the proposed method in the power network are determined to better carry out the application of the proposed method in the restructured power network. The proposed method is tested on 24-bus IEEE RTS to determine the reactive power price for demand-side and the problem is solved by a genetic algorithm.
Species presence/absence sometimes represents a plant community as well as species abundances do, or better

Question Many broad-scale surveys are made, and local communities described, with time spent recording some measure of the abundance of each species. The results are always somewhat different from those obtained with presence/absence records, but which best represents the underlying structure of the community? Two partial answers to this question are suggested and tested here: which analysis correlates best with the habitat, and which gives more stable ordination scores under subsampling? Methods Tests were made on ten field data sets, ranging widely in habitat type, spatial extent, spatial grain and measure of abundance. Correlation with the habitat was examined for the four larger-extent data sets with reasonably complete environmental information, using multiple regression of detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) ordination scores on environmental factors. Stability was tested for each data set using random subsets of the quadrats, and measuring stability as correlation between quadrat ordination scores in the subset and those using all quadrats. Results Correlation with the habitat for the four data sets, where possible, was closer with presence/absence in most comparisons. Stability was greater with presence/absence in some cases and with abundance in others. Where abundance analyses were more stable, reduction to abundance categories, which are often used in field sampling, resulted in a loss of stability, although in two out of three data sets some advantage of abundance information over presence/absence was retained. Jittering to simulate subjective recording gave no further degradation. Conclusions The data sets in which stability was higher in abundance analyses suggest that abundance is of value only in the rather homogeneous vegetation types that tend to occur over short distances, and with high-quality abundance data. From this, and environmental correlations being on the whole better with presence/absence analyses, I conclude that in broader-scale survey work, abundance information is unnecessary and may even be misleading. It seems that the primary assembly rule control on communities is on the presence of species, not their abundance.
International Diffusion of HRM Practices: The Role of Expatriates

This article is concerned with the diffusion of HRM practices within MNCs and, more specifically, the role of expatriates in it. To date research has mainly focused on the role of expatriates as transferors of knowledge rather than as conduits for the transfer of HRM practices from corporate headquarters to subsidiaries. However, as Harris and Holden (2001:85) have stated: “Expatriate managers have a considerable role as interpreters and implementers of HR and business strategy. ” This article will restrict its attention to those expatriates who are in a position to transfer HRM practices, such as managers and HR professionals, thereby excluding those expatriates whose function is restricted to transferring technical expertise and who have no in-depth knowledge of corporate HRM practices. After presenting an overview of our model of the role expatriates play in the international diffusion of HRM practices we explain the content and then the context of the international diffusion of HRM practices. Finally we describe the interaction between expatriates and locals.
In-Band Full-Duplex Discriminatory Channel Estimation Using MMSE

This paper proposes full-duplex transmissions from legitimate nodes to achieve channel estimation performance deterioration at an eavesdropper as compared to the legitimate receiver. The proposed discriminatory channel estimation (DCE) technique comprises of two stages where, in the first stage, the self-interference channel is estimated by the respective legitimate nodes. Followed by in-band full-duplex transmission from both legitimate nodes for channel estimation at legitimate nodes, while providing equivocation at the eavesdropper due to the superposition of two signals. The discrimination of channel estimation performance provides secrecy against the passive eavesdropper while delivering information to the legitimate receiver. We provide the mean square error (MSE) to indicate the performance achieved by linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimators. We have also provided bit error rate (BER), and secrecy capacity analysis to indicate the performance of secure communication achieved by securing the channel estimates from the eavesdropper. The BER analysis shows that for proposed DCE, BER at the eavesdropper is close to 0.1 while the legitimate node is able to robustly decode the information. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed DCE outperforms existing DCE techniques for the considered scenario.
Study on Water Bath Pulling Method Mechanism for Implementing the Equidistant Arrangement of - Ag NWs on Flexible Substrate

Recently, Ag NWs have attracted great attention as the functional layer of flexible and transparent devices. The quality of Ag NWs network is a precondition for the conductivity and transmittance in practical applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the mechanism of water bath pulling method for preparing a transparent conductive film with a two-layer vertical directional silver nanowire network on the flexible transparent PDMS substrate that was applied to resistive sensor. The resistive sensor showed a high transmittance (87.2%), a low sheet resistance (26.9 Ω/sq) and a fast response (GF=90.3) at the tensile strain of 30%. These outstanding performances demonstrate its potential for human motion monitoring.
Energy Demand and Trading Optimization in Isolated Microgrids

Future generation or smart grid (SG) will incorporate ICT technologies as well as innovative ideas for advanced integrated and automated power systems. The bidirectional information and energy flows within the envisaged advanced SG together with other aiding devices and objects, promote a new vision to energy supply and demand response. Meanwhile, the gradual shift to the next generation fully fledged SGs will be preceded by individual isolated microgrids voluntarily collaborating in the managing of all the available energy resources within their control to achieve optimality in both demand and distribution. In so doing, innovative applications will emerge that will bring numerous benefits as well as challenges in the SG. This paper introduces a power management approach that is geared towards optimizing power distribution, trading, as well as storage among cooperative microgrids (MGs). The initial task is to formulate the problem as a convex optimization problem and ultimately decompose it into a formulation that jointly considers user utility as well as factors such as MG load variance and associated transmission costs. It is deduced from obtained analytical results that the formulated generic optimization algorithm characterizing both overall demand and response by the cooperative microgrids assist greatly in determining the required resources hence leading to cost effectiveness of the entire system.
Brief communication. Centric fusion polymorphisms in waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus)

Twenty-six captive individuals of the ellipsiprymnus subspecies group of Kobus ellipsiprymnus were found to have chromosomal complements of 2n = 50-52 (FN = 61-62), and 26 of the defassa subspecies group, including three specimens from Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya, had complements of 2n = 53-54 (FN = 62). G-banded karyotypes that were numbered according to the standard karyotype of Bos taurus revealed that variation in diploid number was the result of polymorphism for two independent centric (Robertsonian) fusions. The ellipsiprymnus group was polymorphic for a 7;11 centric fusion. Both elements of chromosome pairs 7 and 11 were fused in fusion homozygotes (2n = 50); in fusion heterozygotes (2n = 51), only one element of each pair was fused. The 7;11 fusion was lacking in specimens with 2n = 52. The defassa group was polymorphic for a 6;18 centric fusion; individuals were either heterozygous for the fusion (2n = 53) or lacking it (2n = 54). There were no defassa group individuals that were homozygous for the 6;18 fusion (2n = 52), but this may be a sampling artifact. The 6;18 fusion was fixed in the ellipsiprymnus group, whereas the 7;11 fusion was absent in the defassa group. In G- and C-banded karyotypes, all autosomal arms and the X chromosomes of the two subspecies groups appeared to be completely homologous. However, the Y chromosome was acrocentric in the ellipsiprymnus group and submetacentric in the defassa group, possibly the result of a pericentric inversion. Fixed chromosomal differences between the two subspecies groups reflect a period of supposed geographic isolation during which time they diverged genetically and phenotypically, and the centric fusion polymorphisms raise the possibility of reduced fertility in hybrids. These data, in conjunction with phenotypic and mitochondrial DNA data, suggest to us that populations of the ellipsiprymnus and defassa groups should be managed separately.
Dynamic Current Tracking for an On-board Bi-directional EV Charger with G2V and V2G Modes of Operation

A robust non-linear adaptive sliding mode current control technique for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V) charging operation is presented in this paper for an onboard EV charger. The proposed controller provides a stable operation during a wide variation in power demand from either side of the distribution grid or plug-in EV (PEV). The current controller plays a crucial role during bi-direction fast charging operation and the requirement of an adaptive dynamic controller is inevitable in achieving variable reference current perturbation. The proposed controller operation is guaranteed with faster convergence during variable reference tracking within a wide range of operation. The parameter variation including the unmodelled input current disturbance during the fast charging operation of the PEV is well addressed by the implementation of proposed dynamic gain adjustment technique. The gain adaptation by the controller is designed to provide a better transient performance by providing an additional sliding surface error minimization technique. The unity power factor operation is also ensured to improve the grid power quality during PEV charging operation from a single-phase distribution grid. Simulation studies provide a detailed inside of the controller performance, while a hardware prototype is developed to validate the effectiveness of control implementation through a 3.3 kW level-I on-board charger (OBC) from a 230V single-phase distribution grid.
Optimization of Design Parameters for Vertical Tunneling Based Dual Metal Dual Gate TFET

In this paper, an optimally designed vertical tunneling based dual metal dual gate tunnel field effect transistor (DMDG-VTFET) is presented. The design parameters are chosen so as to fulfill the high-performance ON-state current of 1.33 µA, low standby power OFF-state current nearly 50.5 aA and Subthreshold Swing (SS) of 11 mV/decade. Moreover, the proposed TFET follows the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) roadmap for low standby power switch performance as ON current/ OFF current ratio (Ion/ Ioff) of the order of 1012 is obtained. Such results are attributed to the dominant carrier tunneling of the device which is in line with the gate electric field. This suppressed the lateral tunneling path which was responsible for the depreciation of the subthreshold slope, thus resulting in a super-steep subthreshold slope. By selecting appropriate work function on tunnel gate and auxiliary gate; Ion, Ioff and threshold voltage VT are significantly improved. Impact of epitaxial region height, source, channel, drain and epitaxial region doping concentration, spacer and dielectric material on ambipolarity of the device is thoroughly studied.