Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
5 A 1 / f Noise Upconversion Reduction Technique

In this chapter, we introduce a method to reduce a flicker (1/f) noise upconversion in voltage-biased RF oscillators. Excited by a harmonically rich tank current, a typical oscillation voltage waveform is observed to have asymmetric rise and fall times due to even-order current harmonics flowing into the capacitive part, as it presents the lowest impedance path. The asymmetric oscillation waveform results in an effective impulse sensitivity function (ISF) of a non-zero dc value, which facilitates the 1/f noise upconversion into the oscillator’s 1/f3 phase noise. We demonstrate that if the ω0 tank exhibits an auxiliary resonance at 2ω0, thereby forcing this current harmonic to flow into the equivalent resistance of the 2ω0 resonance, then the oscillation waveform would be symmetric and the flicker noise upconversion would be largely suppressed. The auxiliary resonance is realized at no extra silicon area in both inductorand transformer-based tanks by exploiting different behavior of inductors and transformers in differentialand common-mode excitations. These tanks are ultimately employed in designing modified class-D and class-F oscillators in 40-nm CMOS technology. They exhibit an average flicker noise corner of less than 100 kHz.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Indel Markers from the Transcriptome of Garlic

A BSTRACT . Garlic ( Allium sativum ) is cultivated worldwide and appreciated for its culinary uses. In spite of primarily being asexually propagated, garlic shows great morphological variation and adaptability to diverse production environments. Molecular markers and phenotypic characteristics have been used to assess the genetic diversity among garlics. In this study, we undertook transcriptome sequencing from a single garlic plant to identify molecular markers in expressed regions of the garlic genome. Garlic sequences were assembled and selected if they were similar to monomorphic sequences from a doubled haploid (DH) of onion ( Allium cepa ). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion–deletion (indel) events were identiﬁed in 4355 independent garlic assemblies. A sample of the indels was veriﬁed using the original complementary DNA (cDNA) library and genomics DNAs from diverse garlics, and segregations conﬁrmed by sexual progenies of garlic. These molecular markers from the garlic transcriptome should be useful for estimates of genetic diversity, identiﬁcation and removal of duplicate accessions from germplasm collections, and the development of a detailed genetic map of this important vegetable crop.
Two-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor State Estimation Aid

The goal of this paper is to estimate the states of two-phase permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor. The system is highly nonlinear and one therefore cannot directly use any linear systems tools for estimation. However, if one can linearize the system around a nominal (possibly time-varying) operating point then linear system tools could be used for control and estimation. The standard discrete Kalman filter (KF) has been used for state estimation. As such, the nonlinear model has been discretized and extended to be suitably applied for such filter. The entire state estimated system has been modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK blocks. The state estimation algorithm and the motor discretized model are coded inside special S-functions of m-file type. Also, the error covariance matrices of measurement and process will be developed from the system model.
Evasion of High-End IPS Devices in the Age of IPv6

IPv6 era is here, either if you already use it or if you continue to ignore it. However, even in the last case, this does not mean that your “nodes” (end-hosts, networking devices, security devices) are not already pre-configured with IPv6 connectivity, at least to some extent. At the same time, ARIN states that they are currently in phase three of a 4-phased “IPv4 Countdown Plan”, being already down to about 0.9/8s in aggregate. On the other hand, RIPE NCC has reached its last /8 IPv4 address space quite some time ago. And what IPv6 does not forgive for sure is the lack of security awareness. Several times in the past it has been shown that this “new” layer-3 protocol, apart from the huge address space and other new functionalities, it also brings with it several security issues. In this paper it will be shown that significant security issues still remain unsolved. Specifically, three different but novel techniques will be presented that allow attackers to exploit even a really minor detail in the design of the IPv6 protocol to make security devices like high-end commercial IDPS devices completely blind. These techniques allow the attackers to launch any kind of attack against their targets, from port scanning to SQLi, while remaining undetected. Moreover, in this paper, after presenting detailed analysis of the attacks and the corresponding exploitation results against IDPS devices, potential security implications to other security devices, like firewalls will also be examined. Finally, specific mitigation techniques will be proposed, both short-term and long-term ones, in order to protect your network from them.
Expert Forecasts: Fast, Frugal, Flawed§

We conduct a natural field experiment with financial market professionals and document that they rely too often on intuition as opposed to deliberate reasoning, resulting in a significant bias in their expert forecasts. There is a significant difference between professionals’ expectations when they are asked to forecast stock price levels or stock returns two questions used interchangeably in real-world surveys. The difference constitutes a significant violation of the procedure invariance assumption of normative decision theory. The reason for professionals to rely too often on their flawed intuition lies in an extreme confidence, a characteristic of intuitive responses.
FREDHOLM MODULAR OPERATORS WITH COEFFICIENTS IN PRO-C*-ALGEBRAS

We briefly review some problem concerning the Ktheory of C*-algebras and pro-C*-algebras. If A is a pro-C*algebra then the homotopy classes of A-Kasparov cycles and AFredholm operators are isomorphic which enables us to find a Milnor lim ←− 1 exact sequence for homotopy groups of Fredholm operators.
Relationship between Accumulation of Na~+ in Leaves and Salt Tolerance of Different Populus Genotypes

Plant growth and changes of Na+ and K+ concentrations in leaves,stems or roots were investigated in 1-year-old cuttings from receptor poplar '107'(Populus×euramericana 'Neva') and transgenic poplar '18-1',which were exposed to salt stress in Hoagland solution.It was shown that the growth of both poplars were markedly inhibited in Hoagland with 100 mmol·L-1 NaCl addition,while '18-1' was less inhibited than '107'. The concentration of Na+ in leaves was keeping increasing,and after 9 day culture Na+ concentration in the leaves of '18-1' was greatly higher than that of '107'. The accumulation amount of Na+ in '18-1' leaves was about 1.6 times higher than that in '107' when their leaves displayed same necrosis degree under NaCl stress.The death ratio of epidermal cells was about 42% and 97% in '18-1' and '107' in distilled water with 4 mol·L-1 NaCl addition,respectively.These results indicated that salt tolerance of the transgenic poplar '18-1' was much higher than that of receptor poplar '107'.
Genetic Conservation and Paddlefish Propagation

The conservation of genetic diversity of our natural resources is overwhelmingly one of the central foci of 21st century management practices. Three recommendations related to the conservation of paddlefish Polyodon spathula genetic diversity are to (1) identify genetic diversity at both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA loci using a suggested list of 20 sampling locations, (2) use genetic diversity estimates to develop genetic management units, and (3) identify broodstock sources to minimize effects of supplemental stocking on the genetic integrity of native paddlefish populations. We review previous genetic work on paddlefish and described key principles and concepts associ- ated with maintaining genetic diversity within and among paddlefish popula- tions and also present a genetic case study of current paddlefish propagation at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Gavins Point National Fish Hatchery. This study confirmed that three potential sources of broodfish were genetically indistinguishable at the loci examined, allowing the management agencies cooperating on this program flexibility in sampling gametes. This study also showed significant bias in the hatchery occurred in terms of male reproductive contribution, which resulted in a shift in the genetic diversity of progeny com- pared to the broodfish. This shift was shown to result from differential male contributions, partially attributed to the mode of egg fertilization. Genetic in- sights enable implementation of a paddlefish propagation program within an adaptive management strategy that conserves inherent genetic diversity while achieving demographic goals.
Weighted Fuzzy Time Series Model for Load Forecasting

Electric load forecasting is one of the most critical issues in power system operation and planning. In this paper, we propose a weighted fuzzy time series model (WFTS) on short-term load to improve prediction accuracy. The proposed model uses weighted fuzzy method to calculate the forecasting value in the defuzzification process. The empirical data of load in Chongqing China is used to assess the model’s effectiveness. The experimental results prove that the proposed WFTS model is applicable and performs better than other listing methods.
Acta Polytechnica Hungarica-Vol. 15. Issue No. 2. (2018.)

This paper proposes a new inverter topology with minimum switches, which generates a larger numbers of output voltage levels. The major advantages of the presented topology are minimum number of power switches, minimum cost, reduction in installation area and less switching losses. Different algorithms for determination of the magnitude of voltage sources are presented. Digital based switching scheme has been proposed for low switching frequency operation. Comparative analysis of the proposed inverter topology with earlier presented topologies shows that the performance of the proposed topology is improved as compared with conventional and other recently developed topology. The performance of the presented inverter has been analyzed by simulation, using MATLAB and also the feasibility of the topology has been validated experimentally.
Performance Analysis of Girvan-Newman Algorithm on Different Types of Random Graphs

A graph is an abstraction for modeling relationships between things. Different types of graph can be used to model real networks, depending on their characteristics. Main goal of this paper is to analyze performances of one of the most widely applied algorithms for clusterization of graphs, Girvan – Newman algorithm, on different types of randomly generated graphs in order to see what type of graph is the most appropriate to use in real world example.
Relic Density of Kaluza-Klein Dark Matter

The nature of dark matter (DM) is one of the hottest topics, and greatest mysteries, of modern physics. One of the most promising candidates for DM is Weakly Interacting Massive Particles which occur naturally in several theories beyond the standard model originally proposed to solve unrelated problems. One such theory is Universal Extra Dimensions (UED)[1], for which the lightest so-called Kaluza-Klein particle (LKP) is stable. In the simplest theory involving UEDs, minimal UED, the LKP is the first Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitation of the photon. Recently, updated corrections to the masses and couplings of minimal UED have been calculated by Freitas et al. [2]. The main goal of this thesis has been to calculate the relic density of KK dark matter in the mUED framework to test whether the updated corrections have any effect on the phenomenology of mUED. This was done by implementing a UED module in DarkSUSY, a FORTRAN package originally developed to calculate observables of supersymmetric theories. The UED module contains the necessary components to calculate the relic density of KK dark matter including annihilation and the main coannihilation channel. We have found that the relic density decreases when the updated corrections are included. Based on how the relic density decreases when only the main coannihilation channels are included, we can estimate that the upper bound on the LKP mass increases from approximately 1525 to 1785 GeV. However, more coannihilation channels need to be implemented in order to calculate the relic density precisely and get the correct effect of the updated mass corrections.
Analysis of Macro-Fem to Cellular Performance in Long-Term Evolution under Various Transmit Power and Scheduling Schemes

—Mobile networks use femtocells as low-power nodes to improve indoor coverage and thus achieve a high network capacity. In this paper, we focus on a combination of macrocells and femtocells in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks. In order to achieve a high LTE network performance, we investigate the influence of power allocated to Evolved Node B (eNodeB) and Home eNodeB (HeNodeB). Using the Round-Robin scheduling, while decreasing the eNodeB’s transmit power and increasing the HeNodeB’s transmit power, improves the user’s throughput significantly. We further demonstrate, by simulations, that applying other scheduling algorithms under the low eNodeB transmit power and high eNodeB transmit power results in a significantly increased performance in the LTE network.
Quadratic Approximation of Cubic Curves

We present a simple degree reduction technique for piecewise cubic polynomial splines, converting them into piecewise quadratic splines that maintain the parameterization and C1 continuity. Our method forms identical tangent directions at the interpolated data points of the piecewise cubic spline by replacing each cubic piece with a pair of quadratic pieces. The resulting representation can lead to substantial performance improvements for rendering geometrically complex spline models like hair and fiber-level cloth. Such models are typically represented using cubic splines that are C1-continuous, a property that is preserved with our degree reduction. Therefore, our method can also be considered a new quadratic curve construction approach for high-performance rendering. We prove that it is possible to construct a pair of quadratic curves with C1 continuity that passes through any desired point on the input cubic curve. Moreover, we prove that when the pair of quadratic pieces corresponding to a cubic piece have equal parametric lengths, they join exactly at the parametric center of the cubic piece, and the deviation in positions due to degree reduction is minimized.
Web Security Attacks and Injection-A Survey *

Over the last few decades, number of user may increased on using web application. So the web-based attacks have caused major harm to those users on using given application. Several of these possible attacks may occur through the utilizations of common security vulnerabilities in web-based programs. Generally these attacks are enormously essential to reduce some of the harmful consequences on web application. Web-based applications are full of vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers at client-side (Web browser) without the wounded (browser user’s) knowledge. Web Services have become dependable platform for e-commerce and many convectional models. An increasing penetration of Web Services has enticed attackers which has made Web Services prone to various attacks. For this reason, it happen to essential to examine possible attacks and anticipate probable attacks targeted at the Web Services. When we identified those possible attacks, improvement techniques need to be formulated so as to protection Web Services from them.
Photographic Evidence and Chronology of Nest Parasitism by a Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)

Abstract. — Accounts of obligate nest parasitism (e.g., Brown-headed Cowbird, Molothrus ater) are common in the literature; however, reports of facultative nest parasitism are less frequent. Nest parasitism has been documented only rarely in Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo). We obtained photographic evidence of a female Wild Turkey parasitizing an artificial ground nest in Lincoln County, Arkansas, in June 2013. A series of photographs show the turkey finding the nest, moving the eggs 0.3 m from the original nest location, returning twice the following day, and parasitizing the nest by laying a single egg. The actual parasitism event occurred 33–55 hrs after the turkey discovered the nest. We are unaware of other published photographs documenting nest parasitism by Wild Turkeys and this series of photographs provides information on the chronology of nest parasitism by Wild Turkeys.
Quantile Estimation by Interpolation

Suppose we have n independent samples X1, X2, . Xn from a common real-valued distribution, with complementary distribution function R(x) = 1 − F(x) = P(X > x). We sort these random variables into decreasing order as X1,n ≥ X2,n ≥ ⋯ ≥ Xn,n. We wish to estimate a (right-tail) quantile p of the distribution, that is xp ≔ R (p), for some p fairly close to zero. We are choosing to work with the interpolation version of the problem, where n is sufficiently large to include the quantile. In other words, np > 1. The "extrapolation" case, where np < 1, will not be considered here.
THE COLLECTIVE ALTERNATIVE: EXPERIENCES OF COOPERATIVES IN AGRICULTURE

The cooperative network is possibly the biggest collective of small farmers and other small entrepreneurs in India, and Primary Agricultural Credit Cooperative Societies (PACS) provide its strong foundation. Formed in the aftermath of famines during the colonial period, the cooperative network was seen as a beacon of hope post-independence for the social and economic development of the people, particularly in the rural areas. However, the promise has been squandered through mismanagement and corruption, lack of autonomy and widespread bureaucratisation and politicisation of the cooperative process. The majority of cooperative societies are today in deep economic distress, and it has been recommended to downscale PACS. That would be unfortunate, if done, because in an otherwise increasingly corporatised controlled globalisation, the cooperatives can find valuable conducive space and offer a viable ray of hope.
ALLERGENECITY AND IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC IGE BINDING PROTEINS IN POLLEN OF SPARTIUM JUNCEUM L. (FABACEAE) AND LAGERSTROEMIA INDICA L. (LYTRACEAE): THE EFFECT OF AIR POLLU-TION ON THEIR ALLERGENECITY

Air pollutants are reported to increase the specific IgE response to allergens. To study allergen proteins and determine the effect of air pollutants on the allergenic potential of pollen extracts, the extracts were injected intraperitoneally and subcutaneously in guinea pigs. The results were analyzed by skin prick test (SPT), ELISA and SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting. The pollen extract of Spartium junceum showed positive SPT and increase of specific IgE antibodies than the control (buffer). Two IgE-binding bands were seen in the immunoblots of the pollen extract of this species. In Lagerstroemia indica, the pollen extracts showed no significant difference in wheel diameter compared to those in the control group, but IgE somewhat increased in the pollen extracts. The pollen extracts collected from the polluted region increased the response of SPT and specific IgE in both species. These extracts did not affect IgE-binding bands (proteins). Therefore, these findings indicate that air pollutants show adjuvant activity for the response of SPT and the production of IgE antibodies in guinea pigs by themselves.
Granger Causality of the Inflation Growth Mirror, the Case for Mexico

Analytical and econometric models are developed where exogenous money supply causes changes in inflation and output growth rate. It is found that money through the velocity of money is important for determining output growth and inflation structural breaks. The analytical model explain these facts by considering inflation as a tax on the return to human capital, which in turn induces a growth rate decrease. The empirical model uses Mexican data and panel Vector Autoregressive methodology to expound the equilibrium path dynamics for leading macroeconomic indicators: money growth, inflation and output growth. Granger causality tests support the finding that money Granger causes inflation and inflation Granger causes output.
entitled : Predicting the Effects of Decentralization on the Reliability , Resilience , and Stability of Wastewater Treatment Systems Using Generalized Linear Models written by

Weirich, Scott Reily (Ph.D., Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering) Predicting the Effects of Decentralization on the Reliability, Resilience, and Stability of Wastewater Treatment Systems Using Generalized Linear Models Thesis directed by Professor JoAnn Silverstein There is growing interest in decentralized and cluster‐scale wastewater treatment, but knowledge of the effects of decentralization on treatment performance and by extension surface water quality is limited. This research demonstrates a method for using Generalized Linear Models to quantify the effects of facility size and capacity utilization on effluent BOD, TSS, and ammonia discharges from individual facilities as well as the aggregate of networks of facilities. Small and overloaded facilities have more frequent and longer permit violations. However, by dispersing the risk of violations across many facilities, decentralized networks have less variability than centralized networks of equivalent capacity and thus have fewer extreme events. By providing a method for prediction of typical treatment performance as well as the frequency and magnitude of variations, this research provides a valuable tool for wastewater managers considering decentralized treatment.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Micro-spherical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Cathode Material

LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM) as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries was synthesized using a modified hydrothermal method. The NCM electrode exhibited a porous spherical microstructure and improved electrochemical performances compared to the sample prepared by the co-precipitation method. Further, it delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 174.4 mAh g at 0.2 C rate between 2.5 and 4.5 V, and a capacity of 123.8 mAh g was reached at 10 C after cycling at various rates. At the high rate of 10 C, the NCM showed an initial discharge capacity of 132.7 mAh g and with the capacity retention of 62.3 % after operating for 50 charge–discharge cycles. The excellent rate performance and cyclic stability can be ascribed to the porous structure with a large surface area that enhanced the chemical active nature of the cathode material, while providing more transport channels for the Li ions. These results indicate that the potential of the suggested method in tuning the morphology of the NCM cathode material to improve its electrochemical performance.