Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Face Recognition based on Discriminative Group Structured Dictionary

Given a group structured dictionary, sparse representation vector is more likely to take on a particular structure. Intuitively, better results can be achieved if the structural characteristics are reasonably utilized. Inspired by this, we propose to construct a new discriminative group structured dictionary and impose a group sparse structure on the desired sparse representation vector. Thus, each testing sample can be decomposed as the product of the discriminative group structured dictionary and a group sparse representation vector. The identity of testing sample can be found by evaluating which class could induce the minimum reconstruction residual. Numerous experimental results on benchmark face databases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The effect of multiple representation approach on students’ creative thinking skills: A case of ‘Rate of Reaction’ topic

The aim of the study was to analyze students’ creative thinking skills in implementing multiple representation approach on ‘rate of reaction’ topic. The one-shot case study research design was conducted with 30-eleventh grade students drawn from a public senior high school in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The learning process involved in implementing concept attainment models with multiple representation approach (CAM-MRA). There were five lesson sequences including presentation of example and non-example, formulation of example, formulation and analysis of hypothesis, closure and application. In each session, macroscopic, microscopic, symbolic and mathematics representation were employed to illustrate ‘rate of reaction’ concepts. The data were collected by creative thinking based on multiple representation test (CT-MRT) with 24 items. The results showed that the CAM-MRA facilitated the students’ creative thinking skills of ‘rate of reaction’. However, the students still had difficulty to show the microscopic representation. This study suggests that multiple representations in chemistry should be emphasized in chemistry learning at senior high school.
Compact MIMO Antenna with WLAN Band-Notch Characteristics for Portable UWB Systems

A compact multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with WLAN band-notch filtering function for portable wireless ultra-wideband (UWB) systems is proposed in this paper. The overall size of the antenna is 26 × 40 × 0.8 mm3, and it is fabricated on a low-cost FR4 substrate. The antenna comprises two identical planar monopole antenna elements, namely PM1 and PM2, which are fed by a 50-ohm coplanar waveguide. The PM1 and PM2 are positioned perpendicular to each other to minimize the mutual coupling between them. To further reduce the mutual coupling and to increase the impedance bandwidth, a long rectangular strip is protruded from the ground plane between the PM1 and PM2. To create the band-notch characteristics at WLAN band from 5 to 5.9 GHz, an inverted U-shaped slot is etched on the feed line. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves good impedance bandwidth (S11 ≤ −10 dB) from 2.2 to 11.4 GHz and mutual coupling (S21) of < −20 dB. The measured peak gain of 2.4 to 7.5 dBi and radiation efficiency above 90% are obtained except at notch band. The measured envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.008 in the whole operating band and omnidirectional radiation characteristics demonstrate that the proposed MIMO antenna is a suitable candidate for portable UWB systems.
Power Losses Distribution in SiC Inverter Based Electric Motor Drives

This article is an investigation on the analysis and performance of the passive soft-switching snubber inverter (PSSSI). The efficiency of the power cable and electric motor used in industrial electric drive applications is also taken into consideration. As reported in the literature, the PSSSI is used to reduce the overvoltage on the motor side when both voltage source inverters are equipped with high-speed semiconductor devices and a long power cable is used. The PSSSI configuration derives from the conventional two-level inverter by adding a diode–capacitor snubber for each switching power device. Furthermore, an additional circuit is used to recover energy from the snubber capacitors. The three-phase PSSSI is carefully designed taking into account several system parameters, such as the dV/dt, the length of the power cable between the motor and the inverter, the gate resistance of the switches, the dead-time, the snubber capacitors’ value, and the switching frequency. Experimental results show a good efficiency performance of the entire electric drive as well as a reduced dV/dt at the electric motor terminals when the PSSSI is used compared to when the two-level three-phase inverter is adopted.
A Novel Method for Hourly Electricity Demand Forecasting

Short-term load forecasting has been playing an increasingly important role in electric power systems. Effective forecasting of the future electricity demand, however, is difficult in view of the complicated effects on load by a variety of factors. A hybrid method based support vector regression (SVR) with meteorological factors and electricity price is proposed to address such problem. First, the input used in this paper, are specific ratio value combinations of each characteristic parameter affecting the hourly electricity load. Second, SVR is used to analyze and develop a load forecasting model. Third, an improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) is utilized to optimize the specific ratio value combinations of each characteristic parameter, penalty factor C and Gaussian kernel function σ to accurately establish a forecasting model. The experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain better forecasting performance in comparison with other standard and state-of-the-art methods.
Reliability Compliant Distribution System Planning Using Monte Carlo Simulation

Abstract Distribution system planning is imperative to meet the load growth and to enhance reliability of the system. Power supply interruption causes inconvenience to the customer. Some customers may even lose the opportunity cost due to unreliable power supply. This enforces to consider reliability aspects during distribution system planning. This paper proposes reliability compliant distribution system planning using genetic algorithm embedded Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed approach is applied to 15-bus and 33-bus radial distribution systems to find the optimal location and size of DG, and distribution system upgradation needed to meet the load growth and to enhance reliability of the system.
Social and communicative engineering as the newest type of engineering

The authors describe a scientific substantiation of the concept “social and communicative engineering", outline the object and the purpose of study of a new type of engineering, which is being actively formed and is objectively demanded in today's information society. Social and communicative engineering forms rules of the correct construction of social groups, of the setting of internal relations in them and regulations of the building of relationships with the outside world. The methods of social and communicative engineering are specific techniques used for the designing and the construction of social and communicative technologies and systems, and also scientific, where the leading one is the system analysis. Social and communicative engineering, in the authors’ interpretation, is a set of methods, tools and means which, when is used systematically, allows to design and create the qualitative and effective social and communicative technologies and systems. In other words, social and communicative engineering is the science that investigates the processes of construction, projecting and creation of social and communicative technologies and systems. Social and communicative engineering, as the science that studies the processes of designing and creating of social and communicative systems, is in demand, particularly during the formation of the system of relations between members of different parties and political platforms, ideological beliefs of various communities through the establishing of communications, particularly with the engagement of possibilities of the information spreading through social networks.
Application of Kramers-Kronig transformations to increase the bandwidth of small antennas

Abstract. The internally stored electric energy (Q-energy) of a disk monopole antenna increases as compared to a monopole antenna without a top disk. Recently it was shown that the Q-energy can be significantly reduced and the bandwidth increased by shielding the disk monopole antenna using a thin magnetic material. In the present paper we consider the same structure to explain another method to increase the bandwidth by using a shield made of dispersive magnetic material. We apply the Kramers-Kronig transforms to derive physically correct real and imaginary parts of the dispersive magnetic material. We do not aim at a reduction of the internal energy but at a compensation of the electric by a magnetic stored energy for a wide frequency range. Disk monopole antennas with shells consisting of such dispersive permeability are finally numerically evaluated by means of a commercial frequency-domain field simulator.
Methodogies In Sentiment Analysis

: Sentiment analysis uses data mining processes and techniques to extract and capture data for analysis in collection of documents, like blog posts, reviews, news articles and social media feeds like tweets and status updates. It has been gained order to distinguish the subjective opinion of a document or quite popularity in the recent years. Several techniques have been utilized frequently including machine learning approaches and vocabulary oriented semantic algorithms. This article presents an intellectual study of various techniques which are used in the sentiment analysis process.
Designing Efficient Algorithms for Combinatorial Repairable Threshold Schemes

Repairable secret sharing schemes are secret sharing schemes where, without the original dealer who distributed the shares, the participants can combine information from their shares to perform a computation that reconstructs a share for a participant who has lost their share. In this work, we study the repairability of a threshold scheme with respect to the probability that it is possible to perform a repair for a failed share, where each participant in the scheme is available with some probability p. We measure the repairability of a scheme in terms of probability that a repair set is available and in terms of the expected number of available repair sets. Additionally, we design efficient algorithms for determining who to contact when attempting to perform a repair on a failed share for repairable threshold schemes which use 2-designs. We also introduce the use of t-designs, for t > 2, as distribution designs to produce repairable secret sharing schemes with higher repairing degrees and we discuss modifications to the algorithm to account for the different attributes of the designs where t > 2.
Occupancy detection systems for indoor environments: A survey of approaches and methods

Utilization of smart services for indoor environments has gained extensive interest in the past decade due to the resulting increases in energy savings, user comfort and degree of automation. Occupancy detection is a critical element in automation systems due to its potential use in controlling electrical systems and devices such as lighting, air-conditioning and ventilation. It also has a high potential for improving the performance of demand-driven applications which require fine-grained occupancy information to optimize the trade-off between energy consumption and user comfort. Occupancy detection has been researched using different estimation methods and communication technologies. However, it remains challenging to procure sensory data and to model the occupancy information accurately due to the limitations of hardware deployment and underlying cost. This paper reviews existing occupancy methods and applications, along with their underlying issues. It provides a comparative analysis of the strategies from the perspectives of cost, intrusiveness and accuracy. Additionally, a new taxonomy which classifies the occupancy sensing techniques as being conventional or as alternate sensing has been proposed.
Evaluation of Classical Machine Learning Techniques towards Urban Sound Recognitionon Embedded Systems

Automatic urban sound classification is a desirable capability for urban monitoring systems, allowing real-time monitoring of urban environments and recognition of events. Current embedded systems provide enough computational power to perform real-time urban audio recognition. Using such devices for the edge computation when acting as nodes of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) drastically alleviates the required bandwidth consumption. In this paper, we evaluate classical Machine Learning (ML) techniques for urban sound classification on embedded devices with respect to accuracy and execution time. This evaluation provides a real estimation of what can be expected when performing urban sound classification on such constrained devices. In addition, a cascade approach is also proposed to combine ML techniques by exploiting embedded characteristics such as pipeline or multi-thread execution present in current embedded devices. The accuracy of this approach is similar to the traditional solutions, but provides in addition more flexibility to prioritize accuracy or timing.
S1401-1-3 Heuristics for Scheduling Problems on Identical Machines like Storage Allocation

In this paper, we consider a combinatorial optimization problem of scheduling n jobs of block type on linearly aligned m identical machines. Each job J j is characterized by four integers, an arrival time a j , a processing time p j , the number q j of consecutive machines required by the job (hence, each job J j can be represented by a rectangular block with the size of p j × q j in a geometrical interpretation), and a weight w j . There is a choice for each job whether the aligned machines serve it or not. If the aligned machines choose (i.e., serve) a job J j , they gain the weight w j as their profit. However, they have to start the service of the chosen job promptly after it arrives (i.e., they have to start the service exactly at time t = a j ), selecting q j consecutive machines in the alignment. Every machine can handle at most one job at a time, and no preemption is allowed for the services of jobs. The objective is to find a feasible schedule that maximizes the weighted number of chosen jobs. It has already been known that the scheduling problem is NP-hard for an arbitrary m. In this paper, we propose a polynomial time heuristic algorithm based on a transformation into the minimum cost flow problem, and prove that the approximation ratio is ⌊m/q min ⌋ / ⌊m/q max ⌋, where q min = min 1≤j≤n {q j } and q max = max 1≤j≤n {q j }.
Experimental Measurements of the Natural Frequencies and Mode Shapes of Rotating Disk-Blades-Disk Assemblies from the Stationary Frame

Determining the natural frequencies and mode shapes of rotating turbomachinery components from both rotating and stationary reference frames is of paramount importance to avoid resonance problems that could affect the normal operation of the machine, or even cause critical damages in these components. Due to their similarity to real engineering cases, this topic has been experimentally analyzed in the past for disk-shaft assemblies and rotor disk-blades assemblies (bladed-disk or blisk). The same topic is less analyzed for disk-blades-disk assemblies, although such configurations are widely used in centrifugal closed impellers of compressors, hydraulic pumps, pump-turbines, and runners of high head Francis turbines. In this paper, experimental measurements, varying the rotating speed of a disk-blade-disk assembly and exciting the first natural frequencies of the rotating frame, have been performed. The rotating structure is excited and measured by means of PZT patches from the rotating frame and with a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV). In order to interpret the experimental results obtained from the stationary frame, a method to decompose the diametrical mode shapes of the structure in simple diametrical components (which define the diametrical mode shapes of a simple disk) has been proposed. It is concluded that the resonant frequencies detected with a stationary sensor correspond to the ones predicted with the decomposition method. Finally, a means to obtain equivalent results with numerical simulation methods is shown.
Generation and Digital Correlation of Barker Code for Radars and Communication Systems

: The recent advances in semiconductor technology allow the realization of low cost hardware architecture for implementing the correlation codes, Barker and Taylor codes, with different lengths. There are many types of modulations used for pulse compression, but two that have seen wide applications are the Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) and the phase-coded pulse. In this paper, we investigated the second one by the design of Barker code generator circuit using two different configurations. This is very important for modern radar transmitters and communication systems. Such codes enable the design of pulse compression circuit in sophisticated receivers to make use of their benefits in improving the resolution in angles and range as well as enhancement of signal to noise ratio(S / N) . In addition, we addressed the design of 7-bit digital correlator to focus on its correlation property. It is interesting to go beyond the theoretical study and analysis by applying the package of simulation to shed the light on all the details in time domain. Specifically, the binary phase variations (0,  ) between the modulating signal ,correlation codes, and the carrier signal. Taylor code ,double Barker code of length: 26, has good autocorrelation properties and we have found it with low cross-correlation. Therefore it is suitable in multi-user environment and to encode the carrier signal of long duration for transmitted pulses. Its combination with Barker code of length:13 leads to form different operating modes which is applied to fire control and early warning radars. Also it keeps constant side lobe level with low value which alleviates the effect of undesired received signals.
What Affects K Value Selection In K-Nearest Neighbor

: k-Nearest neighbor is a popular classifier and has been applied in many fields. One problem with this classifier is the choice of k value. Different k values can have a large impact on the predictive accuracy of the algorithm, and picking a good value is generally unintuitive by looking at the data set. Because of the difficulty in selecting the k value, it is suggested to using variable k values instead of just one static k value. The numbers of nearest neighbors (k value) selected for different categories are adaptive to their sample size in the training set. There are many ways of choosing the k value, but a simple one is to run the algorithm many times with different k values and choose the one with the best performance. However, this method will take long time if we want to do experiment with a lot of k values. In relation to this problem, this paper will present the result of our experiment on what data properties affect the choice of k value. There are two interesting results from this experiment. The first is the experiment result showing the relationship between big data sets with more than 8000 instances (Mush, MGT, SS, Adu, and BM) and small best k values in 2-class data sets. And the second is where there is a relationship between data sets having numerical attribute type and small best k values in n-class data sets.
The Making of a Makerspace: A Handbook on Getting Started

ii Acknowledgments. iii List of Tables . vi List of Figures . vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT . 1 Background of the Problem . 2 Statement of the Problem in Context . 2 Purpose of the Research Project . 3 Research Questions . 3 Rationale and Significance . 4 Theoretical Framework . 6 Scope and Limitations of the Project . 8 Outline of the Remainder of the Document . 9 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 10 What Is a Makerspace? 11 What Is a Maker? 12 What Is a Maker Mindset? 13 Self-Directed Inquiry-Based Learning . 15 Maker in Faculties of Education . 17 Future Ready Skills . 18 Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving . 20 Collaboration and Communication. 25 How Others Got Started . 27 Chapter Summary . 37 CHAPTER THREE: METHODS AND PROCEDURES . 39 Procedures . 39 Sample and Population, Site, and Participant Selection . 49 Data Collection . 49 Data Analysis. 50 Recommendations for Improving the Handbook . 50 Ethical Considerations . 52 Restatement of the Area of Study . 52 CHAPTER FOUR: THE RESOURCE . 53 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, DISCUSSION, AND IMPLICATIONS . 124 Summary. 124 Discussion. 125 Implications for Practice. 128 v Implications for Future Research . 129 Concluding Remarks . 130 References . 131 Appendix: Questionnaire for Reviewing Makerspace Handbook . 137
Dynamic Carrier-Sense Threshold Selection for Improving Spatial Reuse in Dense Wireless LANs

As density of a wireless LAN grows, per-user throughput degrades severely, deteriorating user experience. To improve service quality, it is important to increase system spectral efficiency. Controlling carrier-sense threshold is one of the key techniques to achieve the goal, because frequently transmissions are unnecessarily blocked by carrier sensing, even though these transmissions can take place without causing packet losses. Using high carrier-sense threshold and allowing nodes to transmit aggressively may increase the system throughput, but this approach can lead to unfair channel share and cause starvation for the edge nodes. In this paper, we propose a medium access control protocol where transmitters include the carrier-sense threshold required to protect its packet in the preamble. Nodes receiving the preamble only transmit concurrently, when they are confident that their own transmission as well as the on-going transmission will both be successfully received at the respective receivers. The simulation results show that this dual-threshold approach can achieve higher system throughput compared to using a single carrier-sense threshold, without penalizing edge nodes.
Interturn Fault Tolerant Drive Method by Limiting Copper Loss of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

An interturn short fault (ITF) is a common failure in electrical machines because the windings easily lose insulation characteristics due to overheating and mechanical stress. In the ITF winding, large fault current, ohmic loss, and excess winding heat are induced, resulting in fault aggravation and combustion of the machine unless adequate fault diagnosis and management are undertaken. By limiting the overall copper loss, including the component due to the ITF, the faulty motor can operate without aggravation until adequate fault management actions can be performed. In this article, an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) ITF tolerant drive method by limiting internal copper loss is proposed. The copper loss by the ITF is simplified in the proposed method and analyzed for various current, speed, and output torque conditions. By maximizing the output torque with minimum IPMSM copper losses, the maximum torque per loss (MTPL) operation point is suggested. Compared to the maximum torque per ampere, the MTPL has a more efficient operation point with ITF. To verify the proposed method, experimental studies are performed with an IPMSM having ITFs. The results show the feasibility and practicality of the proposed method.