Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kunyanuth Kularbphettong Analysis of Users ’ Behavior on Book Loan Log Based On Association Rule Mining

This research aims to create a model for analysis of student behavior using Library resources based on data mining technique in case of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. The model was created under association rules, Apriori algorithm. The results were found 14 rules and the rules were tested with testing data set and it showed that the ability of classify data was 79.24percent and the MSE was 22.91. The results showed that the user’s behavior model by using association rule technique can use to manage the library resources. Keywords—Behavior, data mining technique, Apriori algorithm.
Power Performance at 40 GHz of AlGaN/GaN High-Electron Mobility Transistors Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on Si(111) Substrate

This letter reports on the demonstration of microwave power performance at 40 GHz on AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistor grown on silicon (111) substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. A maximum dc current density of 1.1 A· mm-1 and a peak extrinsic transconductance of 374 mS · mm-1 are obtained for 75-nm gate length device. At VDS = 25 V, continuous-wave output power density of 2.7 W · mm-1 is achieved at 40 GHz associated with 12.5% power-added efficiency and a linear power gain (G p) of 6.5 dB. The device exhibits an intrinsic current gain cutoff frequency FT of 116 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency FMAX of 150 GHz. This performance demonstrates the capability of low cost microwave power devices up to Ka-band.
Ankle Foot Orthosis Improves Functional Ambulation and Balance in Patients with Peripheral Nerve Palsy

Background: Several studies have examined the benefits of ankle foot orthosis (AFO) in patients with hemiparesis, but little is known about their effects in patients with peripheral nerve palsy. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of AFO on functional ambulation in patients with hemiplegia and unilateral lower-extremity palsy. Subjects and methods: This study design was Case control study in rehabilitation units of five hospitals in Japan. The study subjects were 50 normal subjects (control), 49 patients with post-stroke hemiparesis (PSH), and 13 with lower extremity palsy (LEP) due to peripheral nerve palsy. Functional ambulation was assessed with AFO and without AFO by 10-meter maximum walking speed (10 MMWS) and the distance walked in a 6-minute walking test (6 MWT). Functional balance was assessed using the Berg balance scale. Results: The 10 MMWS test showed significantly lower walking speed in PSH and LEP without AFO compared with the control group, and that the speed was faster in the two patient groups with AFO than without AFO. The distance walked during the 6 MWT was significantly shorter in PSH and LEP than the control, but it increased significantly in both groups after wearing the AFO. Furthermore, the significant difference between the control and LEP groups disappeared after wearing the AFO. The Berg balance scale was significantly lower in PSH and LEP groups compared with the control group, but improved significantly with AFO. Conclusion: The results suggest that AFO is beneficial for patients with PSH and those with LEP through improvement of walking distance, walking speed, and functional balance. Many physicians and technicians often avoid the use AFO. However, AFO improved not only walking ability but also functional balance in both groups of patients. Physicians and technicians are encouraged to consider the use of AFO in LEP.
Assessment of Cigarette Smoking in Epidemiologic Studies

Abstract The assessment of cumulative exposure based on collecting information on the history of active cigarette smoking has been and is being undertaken in a variety of ways. While a very detailed assessment may be required for studies with a focus on particular aspects of smoking behavior and history, comparability of measurements and results across studies remains a primary concern. Addressing the problem of heterogeneity of exposure assessment across studies can be achieved by a core set of questions that cover the major dimensions of cigarette smoking, and yet comply with current criteria used for defining smoking history and status. In studies where no very high level of exposure assessment is required or where smoking is not the major subject of investigation, a practical standardized core set of questions appears to be of considerable value, in particularwith regard to making results more comparable across studies.
Efaverinz and nano-gold-loaded mannosylated niosomes: a host cell-targeted topical HIV-1 prophylaxis via thermogel system

Abstract Sexual dissemination of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) is the prime mode of its spread. Topical microbicidal approach has gained much attention, but no real success is observed till date, either due to toxicity or resistance of active moieties and the lack of efficient drug delivery approaches. In this research protocol, a unique combination approach of a standard drug moiety, that is, Efaverinz (EFV) and a nanometal, that is, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was tried. Both these candidates were delivered through a mannosylated niosomal system, to exploit protein (lectins present on HIV host cells) – carbohydrate (oligosaccharides such as mannan present on HIV gp-120 receptor) interaction. GNPs (10.4 nm average size) were entrapped inside the aqueous core, whereas lipophilic EFV was loaded in the bilayer membrane. Results demonstrated a significant increase in antiviral activity when EFV was fired with GNPs. Delivery of this combination via mannosylated niosomes proved to be a perfect approach with exceedingly well potential compared to non liganded niosomal system. A thermosensitive gel vehicle was prepared and the loaded niosomes were dispersed in it to have a nanogel system. The optimized formulation was evaluated for its prophylactic activity and the results showed completely inhibited viral dissemination at folds dilution levels.
Paraquat exposure and Sod2 knockdown have dissimilar impacts on the Drosophila melanogaster carbonylated protein proteome

Exposure to Paraquat and RNA interference knockdown of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Sod2) are known to result in significant lifespan reduction, locomotor dysfunction, and mitochondrial degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. Both perturbations increase the flux of the progenitor ROS, superoxide, but the molecular underpinnings of the resulting phenotypes are poorly understood. Improved understanding of such processes could lead to advances in the treatment of numerous age‐related disorders. Superoxide toxicity can act through protein carbonylation. Analysis of carbonylated proteins is attractive since carbonyl groups are not present in the 20 canonical amino acids and are amenable to labeling and enrichment strategies. Here, carbonylated proteins were labeled with biotin hydrazide and enriched on streptavidin beads. On‐bead digestion was used to release carbonylated protein peptides, with relative abundance ratios versus controls obtained using the iTRAQ MS‐based proteomics approach. Western blotting and biotin quantitation assay approaches were also investigated. By both Western blotting and proteomics, Paraquat exposure, but not Sod2 knockdown, resulted in increased carbonylated protein relative abundance. For Paraquat exposure versus control, the median carbonylated protein relative abundance ratio (1.53) determined using MS‐based proteomics was in good agreement with that obtained using a commercial biotin quantitation kit (1.36).
Breast cancer control in China: challenges and opportunities of the use of population-based routine data studies.

Breast cancer is a major global public health problem, representing the first or second most common malignancy in the female population all over the world (1), accounting for about 1.4 million new cases annually (2). The worldwide trends are for an increase in breast cancer incidence and a decrease in mortality rates, although the latter is mostly seen only in the wealthier countries (3). Numerous efforts have been made to periodically assess cancer incidence and mortality rates for several cancers throughout the world, namely by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (4). Nevertheless, 5-year survival data of good quality with proper long-term follow-up are not widely available (4). One of the main reasons pertains to varying methods of estimating incidence and mortality across different countries, on one hand, and to shortcomings observed in national population-based cancer registries of some countries, on the other (4). Breast cancer 5-year survival rates vary geographically with lower rates noted in the most deprived areas, as shown in a worldwide population-based study using cancer registries’ data (5). Moreover, disparities in mortality and survival seen worldwide highlight not only the inequities in accessing healthcare but also the existent gap in developing countries between cancer burden and ability to put in place effective cancer control measures (6). China is the third largest country in the world, with an emerging economy (7). The reporting of breast cancer epidemiology in the Chinese female population is of utmost importance, since it relates to the highest number of new malignant cases per year in the female population (highest incidence) of the most populous country in the world (8). However, the exact incidence and mortality rates are unknown due to the inexistence or poor quality of cancer registries before 2002. Acknowledging this, the Chinese National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) was established in 2002 and has published annual reports since 2008 (7). Zeng
High-Efficiency mosfet-Based MMC Design for LVDC Distribution Systems

Low-voltage dc (LVdc) distribution networks have the potential to release larger capacity without having to upgrade the existing cables. One of the main challenges of LVdc networks is the extra customer-end dc–ac conversion stage. This paper proposes and evaluates a five-level Si mosfet-based modular multilevel converter (MMC) as a promising alternative to the conventional two-level insulated gate bipolar transistor-based converter. This is due to the comparatively higher efficiency, power quality and reliability, and reduced electromagnetic (EM) emissions. A comprehensive analysis of a Si mosfet five-level MMC converter design is performed to investigate the suitability of the topology for LVdc applications. Detailed theoretical analysis of the five-level MMC is presented, with simulated and experimental results to demonstrate circuit performance. To suppress the ac circulating current, especially the dominant second harmonics, this paper presents a double line-frequency proportional integral (PI) with orthogonal imaginary axis control method. Comparison of simulation and experimental results with those for double line-frequency proportional resonant control shows that the proposed PI controller has a better performance. In addition, it is simpler to implement and more immune to sampling/discretization errors.
A Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer ’ s Disease with a Systemic Review of Quality of Life , Cost Effectiveness and Dose Delivery Preference

A Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease with a Systemic Review of Quality of Life, Cost Effectiveness and Dose Delivery Preference Evaluation of the effect of the three Cholinesterase Inhibitors (ChEIs), donepezil (Aricept®), galantamine (Reminyl®) and rivastigmine (Exelon® oral and transdermal) on patient outcomes compared with placebo and to each other in patients with mild to moderate stages of Alzheimer's disease.
Polarimetric method for ice water content determination

There have been a number of studies to estimate ice water content (IWC) of snow clouds using the radar reflectivity factor, Z. All of these studies show extreme variability in the IWC-Z relations, which appear to change from day to day and cloud to cloud. High diversity in the IWC-Z relations is primarily due to the fact that reflectivity factor is proportional to the product of IWC and average mass of ice hydrometeors; therefore at least one more independent measurement is needed to resolve this ambiguity. Since ice and snow hydrometeors are nonspherical the use of polarimetry is a natural way for estimation of bulk properties of snow clouds and precipitation. In this paper the authors develop a radar polarimetric model of a cloud of ice hydrometeors and obtain a polarimetric relation for computing TWC. They account for the diversity of crystal shape and the dependence of shape and density of scatterers on their size. Finally, they use polarimetric data from four Oklahoma snowstorms to check the consistency of the IWC estimates (obtained from the proposed polarimetric algorithm) with those derived using conventional IWC-Z relations.
Aberrant Gag protein composition of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vif mutant produced in primary lymphocytes

Productive, spreading infection of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires the viral protein Vif. To study the requirement for vif in this system, we infected PBL with a phenotypically complemented HIV-1 clone mutated in vif. Progeny virus was produced which was noninfectious in PBL but replicated in SupT1 cells. Analysis of metabolically labeled proteins of sedimentable extracellular particles made in PBL by radioimmunoprecipitation with either serum from a patient with AIDS or a monoclonal antibody reactive with HIV-1 Gag proteins revealed that vif-negative but not wild-type particles carry higher levels of p55, p41, and p38 Gag-specific proteins compared with those of p24. Similar results were obtained with sucrose-purified virions. Our data indicate that vif plays a role in Gag protein processing or in incorporation of processed Gag products into mature virions. The presence of unprocessed precursor Gag polyprotein (Pr55gag) and other Gag processing intermediates in PBL-derived vif-negative extracellular particles may contribute to the reduced infectivity of this virus.
In Vivo Himar1-Based Transposon Mutagenesis of Francisella tularensis

ABSTRACT Francisella tularensis is the intracellular pathogen that causes human tularemia. It is recognized as a potential agent of bioterrorism due to its low infectious dose and multiple routes of entry. We report the development of a Himar1-based random mutagenesis system for F. tularensis (HimarFT). In vivo mutagenesis of F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) with HimarFT occurs at high efficiency. Approximately 12 to 15% of cells transformed with the delivery plasmid result in transposon insertion into the genome. Results from Southern blot analysis of 33 random isolates suggest that single insertions occurred, accompanied by the loss of the plasmid vehicle in most cases. Nucleotide sequence analysis of rescued genomic DNA with HimarFT indicates that the orientation of integration was unbiased and that insertions occurred in open reading frames and intergenic and repetitive regions of the chromosome. To determine the utility of the system, transposon mutagenesis was performed, followed by a screen for growth on Chamberlain's chemically defined medium (CDM) to isolate auxotrophic mutants. Several mutants were isolated that grew on complex but not on the CDM. We genetically complemented two of the mutants for growth on CDM with a newly constructed plasmid containing a nourseothricin resistance marker. In addition, uracil or aromatic amino acid supplementation of CDM supported growth of isolates with insertions in pyrD, carA, or aroE1 supporting the functional assignment of genes within each biosynthetic pathway. A mutant containing an insertion in aroE1 demonstrated delayed replication in macrophages and was restored to the parental growth phenotype when provided with the appropriate plasmid in trans. Our results suggest that a comprehensive library of mutants can be generated in F. tularensis LVS, providing an additional genetic tool to identify virulence determinants required for survival within the host.
Ketogenic diet exhibits neuroprotective effects in hippocampus but fails to prevent epileptogenesis in the lithium‐pilocarpine model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in adult rats

Purpose: Although the number of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is increasing, none displays neuroprotective or antiepileptogenic properties that could prevent status epilepticus (SE)–induced drug‐resistant epilepsy. Ketogenic diet (KD) and calorie restriction (CR) are proposed as alternative treatments in epilepsy. Our goal was to assess the neuroprotective or antiepileptogenic effect of these diets in a well‐characterized model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy following initial SE induced by lithium‐pilocarpine in adult rats.
The Predictive Validity of the HERO Scorecard in Determining Future Health Care Cost and Risk Trends

Objective: To determine the ability of the Health Enhancement Research Organization (HERO) Scorecard to predict changes in health care expenditures. Methods: Individual employee health care insurance claims data for 33 organizations completing the HERO Scorecard from 2009 to 2011 were linked to employer responses to the Scorecard. Organizations were dichotomized into “high” versus “low” scoring groups and health care cost trends were compared. A secondary analysis examined the tool's ability to predict health risk trends. Results: “High” scorers experienced significant reductions in inflation-adjusted health care costs (averaging an annual trend of −1.6% over 3 years) compared with “low” scorers whose cost trend remained stable. The risk analysis was inconclusive because of the small number of employers scoring “low. ” Conclusions: The HERO Scorecard predicts health care cost trends among employers. More research is needed to determine how well it predicts health risk trends for employees.
A Mixed-Methods Approach for Studying Collaborative Learning Processes at Individual and Group Levels

Learning processes that unfold during small-group collaboration may impact conceptual outcomes for individual students. To study how learning processes unfolded for eighth grade students collaborating in an e-textbook research activity, we analyzed data sources at individual and group levels using multiple methods, including nonparametric tests, text mining, Markov modeling, and quantitative discourse analysis. Individual measures revealed learning gains on content tests and documentation of shared ideas during collaboration. Group measures revealed increased conceptual discourse over time and streamlining of the research process. Measures at each level indicated distinct paths of inquiry for students and groups; however, these differences were not associated with negative conceptual outcomes. These findings have implications for how we understand how collaborative learning processes unfold, especially between the individual and the group, and how we design support for collaboration and knowledge sharing.
Axial and Radial Oxylipin Transport 1 [ OPEN ]

Jasmonates are oxygenated lipids (oxylipins) that control defense gene expression in response to cell damage in plants. How mobile are these potent mediators within tissues? Exploiting a series of 13-lipoxygenase (13-lox) mutants in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that displays impaired jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis in specific cell types and using JA-inducible reporters, we mapped the extent of the transport of endogenous jasmonates across the plant vegetative growth phase. In seedlings, we found that jasmonate (or JA precursors) could translocate axially from wounded shoots to unwounded roots in a LOX2-dependent manner. Grafting experiments with the wild type and JA-deficient mutants confirmed shoot-to-root oxylipin transport. Next, we used rosettes to investigate radial cell-to-cell transport of jasmonates. After finding that the LOX6 protein localized to xylem contact cells was not wound inducible, we used the lox234 triple mutant to genetically isolate LOX6 as the only JA precursor-producing LOX in the plant. When a leaf of this mutant was wounded, the JA reporter gene was expressed in distal leaves. Leaf sectioning showed that JA reporter expression extended from contact cells throughout the vascular bundle and into extravascular cells, revealing a radial movement of jasmonates. Our results add a crucial element to a growing picture of how the distal wound response is regulated in rosettes, showing that both axial (shoot-to-root) and radial (cell-to-cell) transport of oxylipins plays a major role in the wound response. The strategies developed herein provide unique tools with which to identify intercellular jasmonate transport routes.
Introducing the Special Section on Openness to Experience: Review of Openness Taxonomies, Measurement, and Nomological Net

In this introduction to the Special Section on Openness to Experience, we review the historical background of the construct and its measurement. We also provide a meta-analytically based review of its broader nomological net. Specifically, we review relationships with other individual differences constructs, including personality traits, interests, and cognitive ability. We highlight the various roles that openness and intellect play in educational performance, occupational attitudes and behaviors, job performance, career success, and psychological health and well-being. In doing so, we emphasize the unique contributions of the articles published in this special section (Albrecht, Dilchert, Deller, & Paulus; Connelly, Ones, Davies, & Birkland; DeYoung, Quilty, Peterson, & Gray; Roets, Cornelis, & Van Hiel; Woo, Chernyshenko, Longley, Zhang, Chiu, & Stark; Woo, Chernyshenko, Stark, & Conz). Finally, we note fruitful venues for future research involving Openness constructs.
Geological consequences of super‐sized Earths

The discovery of terrestrial‐scale extrasolar planets, and their calculated abundance in the galaxy, has prompted speculation on their surface conditions and thermal structure. Both are dependent on the tectonic regime of a planet, which is itself a function of the balance between driving forces, and the resistive strength of the lithosphere. Here we use mantle convection simulations to show that simply increasing planetary radius acts to decrease the ratio of driving to resisting stresses, and thus super‐sized Earths are likely to be in an episodic or stagnant lid regime. This effect is robust when associated increases in gravity are included, as the more dominant effect is increased fault strength rather than greater buoyancy forces. The thermo‐tectonic evolution of large terrestrial planets is more complex than often assumed, and this has implications for the surface and conditions habitability of such worlds.
Challenge G : An even more competitive and cost efficient railway 4 G Communication Technologies for Train to Ground Communication Services : LTE versus WiMAX , a simulation study

ERRAC (European Rail Research Advisory Council) envisioned safety and security targets for 2020 depends greatly on research into future traffic management systems. These traffic management systems make use of specific railway communication technologies and architectures. Although traditionally narrowband technologies have successfully supported these signalling and train control systems, nowadays, richer traffic management systems, and consequently safer, are expected through the use of new emerging communication technologies. The proposed work here introduced is a simulation comparison study of two 4G technologies architectures (IEEE802.16 and LTE) for railway services. The simulation tool used is OPnet, a general purpose network simulator. Railway services such as voice and video services are included in the study. The simulation results indicate that the technologies analyzed met comfortably the requirements demanded by the current key performance indicators for real-time applications. Therefore, a new set of requirements can be designed in order to envision new safety-oriented applications for the railway environment.