Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analisis desain mesin pencacah limbah organik sebagai bahan dasar pupuk

Proses pencacahan limbah organik saat ini masih minim dalam pada sampah organik pada masyarakat umum dalam proses pengolahan sisa limbah yang sudah terbuang. Langkah pertama yang dilakukan untuk proses perencanaan yaitu survey lapangan dan studi literatur. Hasil survey lapangan dan studi literatur tersebut menjadi tujuan perancangan mesin seperti komponen yang terdapat dalam mesin pencacah, proses pengerjaan. Dari perbandingan desain menunjukkan sistem pencacahan relatif sama namun dari segi pembuatan mesin yang efisien. Dilihat dari analisis mata pisau pada software abaqus yang dapat menentukan hasil cacahan tersebut. Untuk nilai yang didapatkan pada hasil analisis yaitu analisis tegangan atau von mises stress yang terjadi pada load diberikan beban sebesar 300 N dihasilkan von mises stress 3.791 x 103 N/m2. Pada load yang diberikan sebesar 400 N terdapat peningkatan von mises stress dengan nilai maksimum sebesar 5.055 x 103 N/m2. Percobaan terakhir pada load 500 N didapatkan hasil tegangan maksimum sebesar 6.318 x 103 N/m2. Hasil analisis terhadap besar displacement yang sudah di simulasikan bahwa pada tegangan 300 N didapatkan displacement maksimum sebesar 2.510 x 10-1. Pada tegangan 400 N didapatkan nilai sebesar 3.347 x 10-1. Hasil analisis pada percobaan tegangan 500 N didapatkan hasil sebesar 4.183 x 10-1. Nilai safety factor dari model diperoleh pada simulasi pada pembebanan 500 N dengan hasil safety factor lebih dari 15. Untuk, nilai angka maksimum yang aman yaitu merupakan angka pada 15 untuk desain model simulasi. Nilai safety factor yang didapatkan >1 sehingga mata pisau tersebut aman untuk digunakan pada saat beroperasi.
De Simulations of a 12 . 5-kW Magnetically Shielded Hall Thruster for the NASA Solar Electric Propulsion Technology Demonstration Mission IEPC-2015-254

The Hall Effect Rocket with Magnetic Shielding (HERMeS) is a 12.5-kW Hall thruster under development by the NASA Glenn Research Center and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the Space Technology Mission Directorate’s Solar Electric Propulsion Technology Demonstration Mission. Its performance and throughput capability are expected to meet or exceed the requirement for the proposed Asteroid Redirect Mission concept, the first robotic mission under development by NASA to visit a large near-Earth asteroid, collect a multi-ton boulder from its surface and redirect it into a stable orbit around the moon. Numerical simulations performed with Hall2De have guided the design of the magnetic shielding topology in HERMeS. The results at the highest discharge current (31.3 A) and highest discharge voltage (800 V) operating conditions yield ion energies at the outer and inner discharge channel walls that are in most cases below the estimated ion energy sputtering threshold for the boron nitride walls. In locations where this is not the case the erosion rate is found to be 2 10 mm/h. Also, wall probe measurements of the plasma potential and electron temperature yield near-anode values and ≤ 5eV respectively along the channel surfaces, and are in agreement with the simulation results at these two operating conditions. These results demonstrate that magnetic shielding of the HERMeS channel has been achieved. Simulation results for the incident power to the thruster walls from the plasma are also presented. Observed trends in the thermal response of the thruster during recent testing with varying applied magnetic field (at constant power) are reproduced by the simulations. The trends are discussed in the context of the plasma evolution at the highest power, highest discharge voltage operating condition of 12.5 kW and 800 V.
Preparation and Characterization of Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticles at Different Calcination Temperatures from Yttrium Hydroxide Prepared by Hydrothermal and Hydrothermal microwave Methods

The Synthesis of yttrium oxide nanoparticles have been achieved via calcination of yttrium hydroxide produced from the reaction of aqueous solutions of yttrium nitrate and sodium hydroxide at pH = 13 using hydrothermal and hydrothermal microwave methods. Effect of heat treatment of the resulted yttrium hydroxide powder on the morphology and crystallinity of the resulting oxide was studied at calcination 500, 700 and 1000°C to obtain. The resulted products were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and thermal analyses (TG).
Multimodal approach to seismic pavement testing

A multimodal approach to nondestructive seismic pavement testing is described. The presented approach is based on multichannel analysis of all types of seismic waves propagating along the surface of the pavement. The multichannel data acquisition method is replaced by multichannel simulation with one receiver. This method uses only one accelerometer-receiver and a light hammer-source, to generate a synthetic receiver array. This data acquisition technique is made possible through careful triggering of the source and results in such simplification of the technique that it is made generally available. Multiple dispersion curves are automatically and objectively extracted using the multichannel analysis of surface waves processing scheme, which is described. Resulting dispersion curves in the high frequency range match with theoretical Lamb waves in a free plate. At lower frequencies there are several branches of dispersion curves corresponding to the lower layers of different stiffness in the pavement system. The observed behavior of multimodal dispersion curves is in agreement with theory, which has been validated through both numerical modeling and the transfer matrix method, by solving for complex wave numbers.
Collective excitations in strongly coupled ultra-relativistic plasmas

In the collective mode spectrum of a relativistic, strongly coupled plasma, novel physical effects emerge, which are absent both in the weakly coupled relativistic and in the strongly coupled non-relativistic plasmas. Inspired by the pseudo-relativistic behavior of the electron gas in two-dimensional graphene layers, we address the problem of a classical two-dimensional, ultra-relativistic system of charged particles. We investigate the mode dispersion and damping both through molecular dynamics simulations and analytically via the quasi-localized charge approximation and develop modifications of the theory appropriate for this system. The new aspect introduced in the simulation is the decoupling of particle velocities from the particle momenta. As for new physical features, their origin is to be sought in the constancy of particle speeds and in the broad distribution of ‘plasma frequencies’, mimicking the similar distribution of momenta is causing the system to emulate the behavior of a collection of an infinite number of oscillators. Of particular interest is the strongly reduced damping at weak coupling, brought about by the disappearance of the Landau damping and the greatly enhanced damping at strong coupling, caused by the phase mixing of the coupled plasma oscillators. We suggest the possible experimental detection of these effects in graphene.
Exploring the Dynamics of an Arctic Sea Ice Melt Event Using a Coupled Atmosphere‐Ocean Single‐Column Model (AOSCM)

The Arctic climate system is host to many processes which interact vertically over the tightly coupled atmosphere, sea ice and ocean. The coupled Atmosphere‐Ocean Single‐Column Model (AOSCM) allows to decouple local small‐scale and large‐scale processes to investigate the model performance in an idealized setting. Here, an observed Arctic warm air intrusion event is used to show how to identify model deficiencies using the AOSCM. The AOSCM allows us to effectively produce a large number of perturbation simulations, around 1,000, to map sensitivities of the model results due to changes in physical and model properties as well as to the large‐scale tendencies. The analysis of the summary diagnostics, that is, aggregated results from sensitivity experiments evaluated against modeled physical properties, such as surface energy budget and mean sea ice thickness, reveals sensitivities to the chosen parameters. Further, we discuss how the conclusions can be used to understand the behavior of the global host model. The simulations confirm that the horizontal advection of heat and moisture plays an important role for maintaining a low‐level cloud cover, as in earlier studies. The combined cloud layers increase the energy input to the surface, which in turn enhances the ongoing melt. The clouds present an additional sensitivity in terms of how they are represented but also their interaction with the large‐scale advection and the model time step. The methodology can be used for a variety of other regions, where the coupling to the ocean is important.
A Novel Branch Predictor Using Local History for Miss-Prediction Bias

Increasing accuracy of branch prediction is important for enhancing the performance of current processors. This paper discusses an interesting behavior of a current branch predictor that a large rate of miss-predictions is occupied by a few branches. We propose a novel branch prediction mechanism by using local history for miss-prediction biased branches. This mechanism is attached to a conventional branch predictor, and utilizes local history of biased branch instructions without conflict aliasing. Experiments are done by attaching proposed mechanism to several predictors. The results show that the proposed mechanism reduces the misspredictions about 10%, and increases performance about 2% comparing to the conventional predictors at SPECint2000.
Green Innovation, Green Dynamic Capability, and Enterprise Performance: Evidence from Heavy Polluting Manufacturing Enterprises in China

Green innovation is widely regarded as a beneficial strategy for manufacturing enterprises to accelerate green transformation. Drawing the natural resource-based view with dynamic capabilities, this study proposes a model linking green innovation, green dynamic capability, and firm performance. Using survey data from 236 heavy polluting manufacturing firms in China, this study investigates the impact of green innovation on firm performance. The results show that green innovation is positively correlated with both enterprise performance and green dynamic capability, whereas green dynamic capability also has a significant impact on enterprise performance. Furthermore, the survey found that the green resource integration ability, organizational learning capability, and environmental insight capability of green dynamic capability play a moderating effect on the relationship between green innovation and enterprise performance. Additionally, we provide useful enlightenment for policymakers and business managers to stimulate green innovation in enterprises. Our research not only assists managers to better grasp the effects of green innovation practices but also provides some important implications for policymakers.
Expression profiles of toll-like receptor signaling pathway related genes in microscopic polyangiitis in Chinese people

Recent, emerging evidence indicates that inappropriate regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway plays a fundamental role in the development of autoimmune diseases including microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). However, the role of TLR-related cytokines in microscopic polyangiitis remains unclear. To further investigate the role and imbalance of TLR-related cytokines in the pathogenesis of MPA, a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) array (Human TLR for Autoimmunity & Inflammation PCR Array) analysis was performed to study TLR-related gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 10 new-onset patients with MPA and 10 healthy volunteers. We then used quantitative real-time PCR to validate the array test. When gene expression for 84 target genes related to the TLR pathway in MPA patients was compared to the mean of normal controls, 13 genes (BCL3, CD14, CXCL11, CXCL9, FADD, IL10, IRAK3, IRF7, MUC1, TLR1, TLR4, TLR6, TOLLIP) were up-regulated and 10 genes (ATF3, CHUK, CIITA, CXCL10, IFNA7, JUN, RIPK2, SARM1, SOCS1, TLR10) were down-regulated. These genes encompassed a diverse group of proteins including toll-like receptors, negative regulation molecules, adaptors and TLR interacting proteins, effectors, downstream pathway and target genes, activating transcription factors and inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, the expression profile of PBMCs in this study suggests that the TLR signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of MPA. This finding may provide new insights in understanding the pathogenesis of MPA as well as provide new therapeutic targets.
ASPIRES: Airport Shuttle Planning and Improved Routing Event-driven Simulation

Most of the existing traffic simulation packages require significant calibration work to be able to reflect reality. To evaluate special operations including emerging technologies, a microscopic simulation that tracks detailed interactions of all the elements of the traffic systems is usually needed. This type of simulation is usually computationally demanding. This work developed an Airport Shuttle Planning and Improved Routing Event-driven Simulation (ASPIRES) package to simulate and evaluate current, potential, and future airport shuttle operations. The simulation was driven by data and thus did not require much calibration effort. The discrete-event simulation nature of ASPIRES makes the simulation computationally efficient. Simulating 1 day of shuttle operations takes less than 2 s. The study site of this work is the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport in the U.S. The shuttle service that connects the five terminals of the airport and the rental car center was studied. Travel times, dwell times, and passenger arrivals were simulated using empirical distributions derived mainly from real data to capture the stochastic nature of the rental car center shuttle bus operations. Data on bus miles traveled, bus energy consumption, passenger wait times, and passengers left behind at stops were collected to study the trade-off between energy use and passenger experience. Electric bus and on-demand bus operations were also included. The simulation outputs can show passengers statistics at terminals, shuttles statistics, and charging station statistics. ASPIRES cannot be used to model a generic traffic system but is well-suited for fleet systems.
Detection and Providing Suggestion for Removal of Weeds Using Machine Learning Techniques

Weed generally refers to any plant growing where it is not wanted. These unwanted plants are undesirable as they are aggressive in growth, consuming light, water, nutrients, and space that desirable crops utilize. It would affect production efficiency both in quality and quantity. For decades, weeds have been removed using chemicals that are not very effective. With the advancement in technology, this paper proposes an image processing-based framework and machine learning model for weed detection using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the Xception model for classification. With increased layers, the efficiency and accuracy of the system are improved compared to existing methods.
An Active Common-Mode Voltage Canceler for PWM Converters in Wind-Turbine Doubly-Fed Induction Generators

Wind energy integration in power grids is increasing day by day to reduce the use of fossil fuels, and consequently greenhouse gas emissions. Using the pulse-width modulated (PWM) power converters in wind turbine generators, specifically in doubly-fed induction generators, results in generating a common-mode voltage (CMV). This common-mode voltage causes a flow of common-mode current (CMC) that leaks through the stray capacitances in the generator structure. These currents impose a voltage on the generator bearing which may deteriorate them. In the current work, an active common-mode voltage canceler (ACMVC) is developed to eliminate the CMV produced by a PWM converter. The ACMVC generates a compensating voltage at the converter terminals to eliminate the CMV with a subsequent reduction of the voltage stress on the generator bearing. This compensating voltage has the same amplitude as CMV, but opposite polarity. A simulation of the ACMVC model is performed using the PSCAD/EMTDC (Electromagnetic Transient Design and Control) software package. Results confirm the effectiveness of ACMVC in canceling not only the CMV but the CMC and bearing voltage as well. In addition, the relationship between the rise time of CMV and the peak value of CMC is investigated.
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index is Associated with Hospital Death in Elderly Patients with Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: A Retrospective Study Based on the MIMIC-III Database

Purpose Elderly patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) have a higher mortality during hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU). Elderly patients often suffer from malnutrition. On the basis of the MIMIC-III database, this study analyzed the effect of the baseline nutritional status on the death of elderly patients with MODS during hospitalization. Materials and Methods Elderly patients with MODS were screened out from MIMIC-III 1.4 database. The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) was calculated and used to group patients into: normal nutrition (GNRI > 98) and malnutrition (GNRI ≤ 98) groups. The malnutrition group was divided into mild (92–98), moderate (82–91), and severe (≤81) groups. The differences in the baseline data and the incidence of adverse events between groups were compared. The GAM model was used to determine whether a curve relationship was present between the hospital death of elderly patients with MODS and GNRI and analyze the threshold saturation effect. The multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of in-hospital deaths in different GNRI groups. The interaction test was performed to find subgroups with differences. Results A total of 2456 elderly patients with MODS were enrolled. A total of 1,273 (51.8%) and 1183 (48.2%) patients were in the normal nutrition and malnutrition groups, respectively. The mortality rate of patients in the normal nutrition group during hospitalization was lower than that in the malnutrition group (206/1273 vs. 292/1183, X2 = 27.410, P < 0.001; OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48–0.72). The GAM model fitting analysis showed a threshold saturation effect at GNRI = 92. Adjusted OR values with GNRI ≥ 92 began to change to 1, and GNRI and death had no association. At GNRI < 92, high GNRI related to low risk of death. Subgroup analysis of patients with GNRI < 92 showed that the risk of death in elderly male patients was lower than that of female patients. Conclusion GNRI is related to the severity of illness in elderly patients with MODS. At GNRI < 92, moderate to severe malnutrition increases the risk of death in elderly patients with MODS during hospitalization.
Patterned Photonic Nitrocellulose Membrane for Bio-detection Based on Coffee-Ring Effect

In this work, we report a method for the fabrication of nitrocellulose (NC) membrane with photonic crystal (PC) pattern for bio-detection. The membrane is prepared by imprinting the corresponding PC pattern into it through thermal Nano-imprint method. Aptamer beacon marked with fluorescein is used for detection of target molecules. Only one droplet (2-3μl) containing the aptamer-target complexes is dripped onto the nitrocellulose membrane. After evaporation (15-20min), the droplet is completely dried and the complexes form a coffee ring on the membrane. The ring keeps growing with the increase of complexes concentration.As the aptamer beacon is marked with fluorescein and PC pattern has a fluorescence enhancement effect, the fluorescent signal on the coffee ring for detection is considerable improved. Fluorescent detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is used for testing the application of this method. Owing to fluorescence enhancement effect of PC, the fluorescent signal for detection is improved and the limit of detection is 80. 2μM for ATP. Therefore, we believe this method is promising for the fabrication of patterned photonic nitrocellulose membrane for bio-detection and point-of-care testing.
Absolute Frequency Readout of Cavity against Atomic Reference

Future space-based geodesy missions such as the Mass Change Mission and the Next Generation Gravity Mission are expected to rely on laser ranging as their primary instrument. Short-term laser frequency stability has previously been achieved on the GRACE Follow On mission by stabilizing the lasers to an optical cavity. The development of a technique to provide long-term laser frequency stability is expected to be required. We have previously demonstrated a technique to track long-term frequency changes by using measurements of the optical cavity’s free spectral range. In this paper, we calibrate this technique to absolute frequency by using an atomic reference. We have also validated an approach for on-ground calibration to allow the absolute frequency to be determined whilst in orbit.
An orb-weaver spider (Araneae, Araneidae) from the early Eocene of India

Abstract. A new fossil spider is described from the early Eocene (Ypresian) Palana Formation (54 to 57 Ma) at the Gurha opencast lignite mine, near Bikaner, western Rajasthan, India. It is the first report of a nonamber fossil spider from India. The fossil is referred to the modern genus Nephila Leach, 1815, but with hesitation because, while its habitus is similar to that genus, it lacks the behavioral synapomorphies that distinguish the genus.
`Rings' of diffuse radio emission surrounding the Bullet cluster

We present the discovery of ringlike diffuse radio emission structures in the peripheral regions of the Bullet cluster 1E 0657$-$55.8. Ring formations are spanning between 1--3 Mpc away from the center of the cluster, significantly further away from the two already reported relics. Integrated fluxes of four of the sub-regions in the inner `ring' from 4.5 to 10 GHz have also been reported. To understand the possible origin of these structures, here we present a maiden attempt of numerical modelling of a 3D and realistic `bullet' like event in a full cosmological ($\Lambda$CDM) environment with N-body plus hydrodynamics code. We report a simulated `bullet' found inside a (128 Mpc)$^3$ volume simulation with a speed of 2700 km s$^{-1}$, creating a high supersonic bow shock of Mach $M=3.5$ and a clear evidence of temporal separation of dark matter and baryons, assuring no challenge to $\Lambda$CDM cosmology from the bullet event as of now. We are also able to unveil the physics behind the formation of these observed multiple shock structures. Modelled radio emissions in our simulation support a complex combination of merger-associated processes that accelerates and re-accelerates fossil and cosmic-ray electrons. With a time evolution study and the computed radio emissions, we have shown that the ring like formation around the bullet is originated due to the interaction of the strong merger shocks with the accretion shocks at the periphery. The multiple shock structures observed are possibly originated from multiple mergers that have taken place at different times and much before the bullet event.