Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tetrolet Local Directional Pattern and Optimization-driven 2D-HMM for Face Recognition

—Face recognition has achieved more attention in computer vision with the focus on modelling the expression variations of human. However use of a computer system is a challenging task, due to variation in expressions, poses, and lighting conditions. This paper proposes a face recognition system based on Tetrolet, Local Directional Pattern (LDP) and Cat Swam Optimization (CSO). Initially, the input image is pre-processed, where the region of interest is extracted using the ﬁltering method. Then pre-processed image is given to the proposed descriptor, namely Tetrolet-LDP to extract the features of the image. The features are subjected to classiﬁcation using the proposed classiﬁcation module, called Cat Swarm Optimization-based 2-Dimensional Hidden Markov Model (CSO-based 2D-HMM) in which the CSO trains the 2D-HMM. The performance is analysed using the metrics, such as accuracy, False Rejection Rate (FRR), & False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and the system achieves high accuracy of 99.45%, and less FRR and FAR of 0.0035 and 0.0025.
Adaptable effects of phosphorus stress on different genotypes of faba-bean

Different crops or varieties have different ability in uptake and utilisation of soil phosphorus (P). Using crop varieties with high phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is one of important biological ways to alleviate shortage of P resources. Three spring faba-bean varieties (lines), LC5, 8354 and 8409, were sown in a high P deficiency alkaline soil to study the effect of P deficiency on grain yield. A pot experiment was conducted to study adaptable effects of P deficiency on root ecological and physiological characteristics, root acid phosphates (Apase), soil Apase and the yield of faba-bean. Results showed that root length (RL), root radius (RR), root surface area (RSA), and the root/canopy ratio (R/C) of LC5 changed significantly during growing period (36.5%, 6.51% and 13.4%, respectively). Under condition of P deficiency, different genotypes of faba-bean showed different adaptable ability to P deficiency. LC5 increased its R/C and activity of Apase by decreasing RR, increasing RL and RSA due to P deficiency. Induced by P deficiency, Apase activity of LC5 increased by 24.9%, followed by 8354 (7.79%) and 8409 (7.29%). In the same genotype, the order of Apase activity was root stem leaves. Thus, root Apase and root morphological parameter such as RL, RR, RSA, R/C could be used as selection parameters for the tolerance of P deficiency. The results from the experiment showed that P deficiency decreased the yield by 30.96% for LC5 faba-bean, whereas no significantly yield reduction was recorded with 8354 and 8409 faba-bean. Therefore, LC5 was more sensitive to P deficiency than 8354 and 8409, indicating LC5 was a variety with low PUE, but 8354 was torpidly to P deficiency than LC5, indicating was a variety with high PUE.
Study on the causes of Sapium sebiferum seed dormancy and the methods for dormancy breaking

In this paper,systematic study was conducted to explore the causes of seed dormancy in the Chinese tallowtree(Sapium sebiferum(Linn.) Roxb. ). Other than the early reports,coats of the tallowtree seeds were found to have good water permeability,which suggested that seed coats were not the main cause that inhibited the seed germination.Meanwhile,germination test indicated that in-vitro embryo of tallowtree seeds didn't undergo dormancy.However,extracting solutions of the seed coat and endosperm could suppress seed germination significantly,which implied the existence of endogenesis germination inhibitory substances in the corresponding seed parts.Based on these findings,we proposed that inhibitory substances could be the main reasons that caused tallowtree seeds dormancy.The tests of breaking tallowtree seed dormancy showed that: dormancy of tallow tree seeds could not be broken by both treatment with concentrated H2SO4 and the cold stratification method.However,by testing with different gibberellic acid solutions,dormancy could be overcome by soaking the seeds in 500 or 1 000 mg/L GA3 followed by 100(GA3) days stratification.
Mechanical Properties of an unsaturated buffer material in the high suction ranges

Sand-bentonite composite material is widely used as a buffer material in nuclear waste repositories thanks to their excellent swelling properties and high impermeable characteristics. The unsaturated buffer material at the construction state may become saturated (at least partially) when it is opened for the operation since it is subjected to local groundwater conditions. In this study, we investigated the strength properties of sand-bentonite buffer material subjected to various degree of saturation. The volumetric behaviour was also investigated by a newly developed double-cell type triaxial testing apparatus. The experimental results suggest that, on overage both the undrained cohesion and internal friction angle reduce with the degree of saturation. The undrained cohesion however remains more or less same during the early saturation (e.g., roughly up to 50% of Sr; Sr is degree of saturation). The undrained friction angle reduces drastically when the specimens are near the quasi-saturation state. The results also indicate that the confined compressive strength increases with confining pressure. It was also found that the specimens except the ones with initial moisture content (of bentonite) exhibit continuous compression under a high confining pressure (i.e., 0.5 MPa). In contrast, the specimens under a small confining pressure (i.e., 0.1 MPa) yield expansion in post-failure state after exhibiting compression in pre-failure state.
Embryo Classiﬁcation using Neural Networks

Infertility is an issue that aﬀects roughly 186 million people worldwide. This issue is partially overcome using fertility treatments that often produce in vitro embryos, which undergo a visual morphology assessment to determine embryo quality. The potential of using neural networks to aid this subjective process has barely been examined. In this thesis, we researched the potential of using STORK, Inception V1 and Inception V3 as tools to aid in the qualitative classiﬁcation of embryos produced in vitro at the MCK Fertility Center. We did this by analyzing how accurately these neural networks could predict whether embryos had been selected for transfer into the uterine cavity. The analysis shows that Inception V1 and Inception V3 had an accuracy of 68% and 78% respectively, while STORK lagged behind at roughly 50%. In conclusion, neural networks are a potentially viable addition to the embryo quality assessment process, although further research is required.
Effect of physical activity on health in twins: a 30-year longitudinal study Running headline: Physical activity and health in twins

All material supplied via JYX is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, and duplication or sale of all or part of any of the repository collections is not permitted, except that material may be duplicated by you for your research use or educational purposes in electronic or print form. You must obtain permission for any other use. Electronic or print copies may not be offered, whether for sale or otherwise to anyone who is not an authorised user. Effect of physical activity on health in twins: a 30-yr longitudinal study Waller, Katja; Kujala, Urho; Kaprio, Jaakko; Koskenvuo, Markku; Rantanen, Taina
Genetic assemblage of Sarcocystis spp. in

Background: Sarcocystis species are protozoan parasites with a wide host range including snakes. Although there were several reports of Sarcocytis species in snakes, their distribution and prevalence are still not fully explored. Methods: In this study, fecal specimens of several snake species in Malaysia were examined for the presence of Sarcocystis by PCR of 18S rDNA sequence. Microscopy examination of the fecal specimens for sporocysts was not carried as it was difficult to determine the species of the infecting Sarcocystis. Results: Of the 28 snake fecal specimens, 7 were positive by PCR. BLASTn and phylogenetic analyses of the amplified 18S rDNA sequences revealed the snakes were infected with either S. nesbitti, S. singaporensis, S. zuoi or undefined Sarcocystis species. Conclusion: This study is the first to report Sarcocystis infection in a cobra, and S. nesbitti in a reticulated python.
Molecular Marker-assisted Selection for Development of Yellow-seeded Pol CMS Restorer Lines in Brassica napus L.

Marker-assisted selection(MAS) was used in a modified recurrent backcross program to transfer the yellow-seeded gene derived from the stable,pure and spring-type yellow-seeded Brassica napus double haploid(DH) line No.2127-17 to the semi-winter-type Polima cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) restorer line Hui5148-2 for breeding Polima cms restorer lines.In this scheme,142 random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) primers were used to select the yellow-seeded DH lines with high recovery of Hui5148-2.Then,SCS1130,a dominant sequence-characterized amplified region(SCAR) marker,and SCA1,a co-dominant cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(CAPS) marker,were screened in BC1F1 and BC2F1 segregating progeny to select individuals carrying the yellow seed gene.In order to recover the recurrent parent background and simplify the analysis,88 RAPD primers and 60 amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP) primer pair assays were used to select lines with the least genetic distance(GD) to Hui5148-2 using a two-step selected approach in yellow-seeded BC1F1 and BC2F1 plants.As a result,only 5 elite restorer lines were selected with GD values of 0.015 7-0.036 4 to Hui5148-2 from 9 BC2F2 homozygous lines identified by SCA1 and background analysis.
Growth Models And Age Estimation Of Rice Using Multitemporal Vegetation Index On Landsat 8 Imagery

Article history: Received: 16 July, 2020 Accepted: 29 August, 2020 Online: 24 September, 2020 Age and growth are two essential rice biophysics parameters used to determine the health parameters and production rate. The spatial data of both parameters can utilize remote sensing technology, which in turn makes use of several vegetation indices to achieve accurate estimation. However, due to the rapid changes in rice plants' characteristics, it is essential to study vegetation index utilization using a multitemporal method to improve its accuracy. Therefore, this research uses a multitemporal Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) to estimate rice's age and growth model. The multitemporal EVI patterns were observed to estimate the Time Early Planting (TEP) and the maximum EVI value of rice in an area. The results showed that the maximum EVI value in the rice fields of Demak Regency has a class range of 0.4 to more than 0.9. The highest value is in the class of 0.80 0.85 covering 12023.28 ha, followed by 0.75 0.80 at 11834.19 ha. Furthermore, the multitemporal EVI method on Landsat 8 images was used to estimate the rice age with accuracy or RMSE of 7.7 days. The result also showed that this value is good enough because the RMSE is still in the same range of paddy growth phases.
Cambios físicos, químicos y sensoriales durante el almacenamiento congelado de la pulpa de arazá (Eugenia stipitata Mc Vaugh) Physical, chemical and organoleptic changes during frozen storage of araza (Eugenia stipitata Mc Vaugh) pulp

The effects of slow -20 °C freezing on araza fruit (Eugenia stipitata Mc Vaugh) pulp were eval- uated. Pulp was stored for 4 months and aroma, fla- vour, texture, appearance and colour (sensory charac- teristics) and pH, acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phenol compounds and antioxidant activity (physicochemical properties) were evaluated by the s-carotene blanching method each fortnight. Organoleptic evaluation led to the conclusion that freezing the pulp conserved it well during the first 30 days' storage, retaining good sensory characteristics. Although texture and ascorbic acid became depleted during this period, phenol compounds, carotenoids and antioxidant activity remained constant. It should be taken into account that araza fruit has high levels of substances having good antioxidant activity; it is therefore desirable to continue working on techniques for prolonging its quality for longer periods of time.
Interface-Induced Near-Infrared Response of Gold-Silica Hybrid Nanoparticles Antennas

We proposed an IR absorber hybrid nanoantenna comprise of two overlapping gold nanoparticles residing over larger a silica nanoparticle. A wet chemical route was employed to prepare the hybrid structure of nanoantenna. High-resolution transmission electron microscope was used to measure the size and morphology of the nanoantenna. The Hybrid nanoantenna was excited by electron beam to investigate the optical response over a large wavelength range using Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy. The beam of the electron was focused and we measured the electron energy loss spectra at different point of interest, which confirmed the of Low Energy Surface Plasmon Politron resonances in the IR region. The optical response of the nanoantenna was simulated numerically by employing Electric Hertzian dipole using finite element method with frequency domain solver in CST Microwave Studio. We used the Electric Hertzian dipole approach for the first time to model the Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy experiment. The Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy experimental results with their numerically simulated values confirmed the plasmonic resonance at the interface of the two overlapped gold nanoparticles.
Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration

Increasing evidence gives support for the idea that extra-neuronal factors may affect brain physiology and its predisposition to neurodegenerative diseases. Epidemiological and experimental studies show that nutrition and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases after midlife, while the relationship with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is uncertain, but suggests a protective effect of features of metabolic syndrome. The microbiota has recently emerged as a novel factor engaging strong interactions with neurons and glia, deeply affecting their function and behavior in these diseases. In particular, recent evidence suggested that gut microbes are involved in the seeding of prion-like proteins and their spreading to the central nervous system. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the impact of metabolism, diet and microbiota in neurodegeneration, by affecting simultaneously several aspects of health regarding energy metabolism, immune system and neuronal function. Advancing technologies may allow researchers in the future to improve investigations in these fields, allowing the buildup of population-based preventive interventions and development of targeted therapeutics to halt progressive neurologic disability.
Therapeutic Updates for Relapsed and Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Simple Summary The approach to relapsed and refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma is rapidly evolving. Over the past five years, we have seen the arrival of novel immunotherapies with impressive clinical response rates. These agents are actively being investigated earlier in the sequence of therapies and in combination with other clinically active therapies. We are also witnessing the arrival of new therapies for multiply relapsed disease such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, which holds immense promise for patients in the future. This review aims to provide an overview of recent updates to both the standard of care and investigational approaches for patients with relapsed and refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Abstract Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a B-cell malignancy representing approximately one in ten lymphomas diagnosed in the United States annually. The majority of patients with HL can be cured with chemotherapy; however, 5–10% will have refractory disease to front-line therapy and 10–30% will relapse. For those with relapsed or refractory (r/r) HL, salvage chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is standard of care, but half of patients will subsequently have disease progression. Relapse following ASCT has been associated with exceedingly poor prognosis with a median survival of only 26 months. However, in recent years, novel agents including brentuximab vedotin (BV) and programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibodies (anti-PD-1, nivolumab and pembrolizumab) have been shown to extend overall survival in r/r HL. With the success of novel agents in relapsed disease after ASCT, these therapies are beginning to show clinically meaningful response rates prior to ASCT. Finally, a new investigation in r/r HL continues to produce promising treatment options even after ASCT including CD30 directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances of BV and anti-PD-1 therapy prior to ASCT, novel approaches in r/r HL after ASCT, and review active clinical trials.
Novel Treatment Strategies for Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary central nervous system tumor in adults. It is a highly invasive disease, making it difficult to achieve a complete surgical resection, resulting in poor prognosis with a median survival of 12–15 months after diagnosis, and less than 5% of patients survive more than 5 years. Surgical, instrument technology, diagnostic and radio/chemotherapeutic strategies have slowly evolved over time, but this has not translated into significant increases in patient survival. The current standard of care for GBM patients involving surgery, radiotherapy, and concomitant chemotherapy temozolomide (known as the Stupp protocol), has only provided a modest increase of 2.5 months in median survival, since the landmark publication in 2005. There has been considerable effort in recent years to increase our knowledge of the molecular landscape of GBM through advances in technology such as next-generation sequencing, which has led to the stratification of the disease into several genetic subtypes. Current treatments are far from satisfactory, and studies investigating acquired/inherent resistance to current therapies, restricted drug delivery, inter/intra-tumoral heterogeneity, drug repurposing and a tumor immune-evasive environment have been the focus of intense research over recent years. While the clinical advancement of GBM therapeutics has seen limited progression compared to other cancers, developments in novel treatment strategies that are being investigated are displaying encouraging signs for combating this disease. This aim of this editorial is to provide a brief overview of a select number of these novel therapeutic approaches.
Minimally Invasive Electrochemical Patch-Based Sensor System for Monitoring Glucose and Lactate in the Human Body—A Survey-Based Analysis of the End-User’s Perspective

Background: Wearable electrochemical sensors that detect human biomarkers allow a comprehensive analysis of a person’s health condition. The “electronic smart patch system for wireless monitoring of molecular biomarkers for health care and well-being” (ELSAH) project aims to develop a minimally invasive sensor system that is capable of continuously monitoring glucose and lactate in the dermal interstitial fluid in real time. It is the objective of the present study to compare the intended ELSAH-patch specifications with the expectations and requirements of potential end-users at an early stage during the development phase. Methods: A questionnaire addressing different aspects of the ELSAH-patch was filled out by 383 respondents. Results: The participants stated a high general demand for such a system, and they would use the ELSAH-patch in different health care and physical fitness applications. The preferred terminal device for communication with the sensor would be the smartphone. An operating time of 24 hours would be sufficient for 55.8% of the users (95%-CI: 50.3–61.3%), while 43.5% of them (95%-CI: 38.0–48.9%) would prefer a lifetime of several days or more. The software should have a warning function, especially for critical health conditions. Since the measured personal data would be highly sensitive, the participants called for high standards for data security and privacy. Conclusion: In general, the participants’ responses on their expectations and requirements were well in line with the intended specifications of the ELSAH-patch system. However, certain technical aspects such as the lifetime, data security and accuracy require special attention during its development.
Isolation, purification, characterization, and immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharide from Auricularia auricula on RAW264.7 macrophages.

Auricularia auricula polysaccharide (AAP) was isolated by hot-water extraction and purified to evaluate its structural and immunomodulatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophages. The results show that three kinds of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (c-AAP) were obtained and named as AAP-I, AAP-II, and AAP-III Their further purification found that AAP-I and AAP-II were glycoproteins, and only AAP-III was a pure polysaccharide, which we named AAP for further experiments. Structural characteristics revealed that AAP was a homogeneous galactan comprising mannose, rhamnose, gluconic acid, glucose, galactose, arabinose, and fucose in a molar ratio of 5.02:0.9:0.12:4.48:0.37:1.0:0.36, and the average molecular weight is approximately 23.51 kDa. Methylation analysis revealed that AAP mainly consisted of 1,4-linked-Glcp, 1,4,6-linked-Glcp, terminal Glcp, 1,4-linked-Manp, 1,2,6-linked-Manp, and terminal Arap. Furthermore, the in vitro immunomodulatory activities of AAP were evaluated by cell proliferation, NO production, and phagocytic ability using RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The results show that AAP not only promoted the activation of macrophages but also provided a scientific basis for the further use of AAP. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Three water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from Auricularia auricula of Changbai Mountain, two of which contained binding proteins. Determination of molecular weight, structure, and immunoreactivity of pure polysaccharide components. The result clearly demonstrated the benefits of this plant as a healthy functional food.
Deep Learning-Based Violin Bowing Action Recognition

We propose a violin bowing action recognition system that can accurately recognize distinct bowing actions in classical violin performance. This system can recognize bowing actions by analyzing signals from a depth camera and from inertial sensors that are worn by a violinist. The contribution of this study is threefold: (1) a dataset comprising violin bowing actions was constructed from data captured by a depth camera and multiple inertial sensors; (2) data augmentation was achieved for depth-frame data through rotation in three-dimensional world coordinates and for inertial sensing data through yaw, pitch, and roll angle transformations; and, (3) bowing action classifiers were trained using different modalities, to compensate for the strengths and weaknesses of each modality, based on deep learning methods with a decision-level fusion process. In experiments, large external motions and subtle local motions produced from violin bow manipulations were both accurately recognized by the proposed system (average accuracy > 80%).