Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LATERAL PRESSURES ON RETAINING WALLS DUE TO BACKFILL SURFACE LOADS

FOR MANY DECADES, THE TRADITIONAL METHOD OF EVALUATING THE LATERAL PRESSURE ON A RETAINING WALL DUE TO A LOAD APPLIED AT THE SURFACE OF THE SOIL BACKFILL HAS BEEN TO SUBSTITUTE A UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD FOR THE ACTUAL LOAD, AND THEN CALCULATE THE PRESSURE BY EITHER THE RANKLINE OR THE COULOMB CLASSICAL THEORY. THIS METHOD OF APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM HAS SEVERAL SHORTCOMINGS AND DISADVANTAGES. FIRST, THERE IS NO LOGICAL OR SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR DETERMINING THE MAGNITUDE OF THE UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD IN RELATION TO THE ACTUAL LOAD. JUDGMENT AND INTUITION ARE THE ONLY GUIDES FOR THIS SUBSTITUTION. SECOND, THE LATERAL PRESSURE ON THE WALL RESULTING FROM THE SUBSTITUTION IS OF UNIFORM DENSITY THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE HEIGHT OF THE STRUCTURE, WHEREAS THE INTENSITY OF PRESSURE DUE TO THE ACTUAL LOAD MAY VARY CONSIDERABLY THROUGHOUT THE HEIGHT OF THE WALL. THE IOWA ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION CONDUCTED EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DURING THE DECADE FROM 1931 TO 1941 TO DETERMINE THE LATERAL PRESSURE ON A WALL DUE TO CONCENTRATED LOADS APPLIED AT THE BACKFILL SURFACE AND TO UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LINE OR STRIP LOADS PARALLEL TO THE WALL. THESE STUDIES INDICATED THAT THE SURFACE LOADS PRODUCED LATERAL PRESSURES WHICH WERE CLOSELY RELATED TO THE PRESSURES CALCULATED BY THE BOUSSINESQ THEORY OF STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN A SEMI- INFINITE ELASTIC MEDIUM AND PROVIDED A BASIS FOR FURTHER STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF LOADS APPLIED AT THE BACKFILL SURFACE. MORE RECENTLY, UNDER THE SPONSORSHIP OF THE IOWA HIGHWAY RESEARCH BOARD AND THE IOWA HIGHWAY COMMISSION, FURTHER STUDIES HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED IN WHICH LATERAL PRESSURES DUE TO UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOADS OVER FINITE AREAS ON THE SOIL BACKFILL HAVE BEEN MEASURED. THIS PAPER CONTAINS A RESUME OF THE EARLIER RESEARCH AND A DETAILED PRESENTATION OF DATA OBTAINED IN THE RECENT STUDIES, TOGETHER WITH A CORRELATION WITH THE BOUSSINESQ THEORY. /AUTHOR/
Network Architectures, Challenges, Security Attacks, Research Domains and Research Methodologies in VANET: A Survey

— The density of traffic is increasing on the daily basis in the world. As a result, congestion, accidents and pollution are also increasing. Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), a sub class of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET), is introduced as solutions to manage congestion and accidents on roads. VANET is gaining attention among researchers due to its wide-range applications in the field of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The paper focus on communication architectures along with its components and access technologies, challenges and security attacks in VANET. Furthermore, it deals with broad categorization various research domains, research methodologies and research models in VANET. At last, paper explores various application area of VANET.
A Human Factors Evaluation of Exoskeleton Boot Interface Sole Thickness

Abstract : The purpose of this study was to identify potential human factors issues related to the sole thickness of an exoskeleton boot interface. Twelve Soldiers were evaluated in three footwear conditions (no additional sole, 1-inch sole, and 2-inch sole). Lower extremity biomechanics were assessed for walking, running, squatting, and kneeling with the use of a force plate and motion capture system. Mobility performance was assessed with five obstacles on a mobility-portability course. Participants also provided subjective feedback on each footwear condition's comfort, stability, and difficulty during the biomechanics and mobility assessments. Results indicate that an exoskeleton could incorporate a boot interface as thick as 2 inches without substantially impacting the human factors issues evaluated in this study.
High precision miniaturized magnetic angular encoder

These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 2269 (2000)Faculte des sciences et techniques de l'ingenieurJury: Francois Gueissaz, Jan Korvink, Philippe Renaud, Roland Siegwart Public defense: 2000-10-26 Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-2269Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2016-08-08
INFLUENCE OF THE ANKLE JOINT DORSIFLEXION ON THE EXECUTION OF VERTICAL JUMPS

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the differences in the execution of vertical jumps between individuals with good and poor ankle dorsiflexion ability. Thirty (30) males and thirty (30) female P.E. students, after being evaluated for ankle dorsiflexion, formatted the flexible and inflexible groups (FG and IFG) and executed vertical jumps. In the SQJs the IFG exhibited more inclination of the trunk at the beginning of the jump, while in the CMJs and the DJs they applied greater forces and produced greater peak angular accelerations in all joints. The IFG, by leaning forward the trunk, underwent a greater injury risk for the low back while executing the SQJs. On the other hand, they underwent an increased injury risk for the achilles tendon by raising the heels off the ground and applying greater forces during the DJs.
Enhanced Night Vision Via a Combination of Poisson Interpolation and Machine Learning

Abstract : Our research initiative focuses on enhancing semiconductor-based night-vision imagery via The fundamental problems of imaging under low-light conditions are noise suppression, overcoming low image contrast, and the loss of important perceptual cues. We have developed three new image-processing techniques to address these problems. These include non-linear spatio-temporal denoising filters, variants of Poisson integration for localizedcontrast adjustment, and machine-learning methods for reintroducing perceptual cues. The goal of our work is to enhance night-vision imagery by improving its sensitivity, and aiding in its rapid and accurate interpretation. We have applied our methods to low-light visible, near infrared (NIR), and short-wave infrared images (SWIR). In this annual report on the first phase of our research, we describe and evaluate the processing methods that we have developed to date. Our objective in this phase was to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of these new computational approaches.
Risk factors for implant failure of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA –II) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA 31 A1 and A2)

Background Intertrochanteric fracture is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. The results of postoperative implant failure are catastrophic. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for implant failure in intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA–II) through the assessment of early therapeutic effects. Methods A single-center retrospective study was conducted on a continuous series of 123 intertrochanteric fracture patients treated with PFNA-II between Dec 2018 and Oct 2019. Perioperative medical and imaging data were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether implant failure of not. The differences in reduction quality, nail length and tip apex distance (TAD) were analyzed to determine the risk factors of implant failure. Results A total of 80 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 80.2 years old. There were 6 patients with implant failure. There was no significant difference in demographic index between the two groups. The reduction quality of failure group was good, accept and poor with each 2 patients, and that of the non-failure group was 35, 35 and 4 patients respectively. The difference of reduction quality between the two groups was statistically significant. The risk of postoperative implant failure in patients with poor reduction quality was 8.75 times that of patients with good and acceptable reduction from the Logistic regression analysis(OR = 8.75,95%CI 1.215–62.99). The differences in nail length, ASA and bone quality were not statistically significant. Conclusion Reduction quality is a risk factor of implant failure in intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA-II. Even if the medial femoral cortex is anatomically reduced, there will be a triangular void area between the nail and the medial femur, which are prone to coxa vara and implant failure. Therefore, good reduction is the key to treat intertrochanteric fracture.
U.S. Space Acquisition: Challenges in the Final Frontier

Abstract : Space contributes to the security and economic stability of the United States. However, numerous studies,articles, and surveys state export control is hurting the space industrial base. The nation's ability to acquire space systems, according to many published sources,is diminishing and may impact its leadership in the field of space. Many claim excessive export controls as one of the primary causes and often cite statistics, data, and information contained within a 2007 Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) survey to validate their claim. While the AFRL survey certainly provides insight and should not be entirely discounted, the application of System Dynamics Modeling suggests the survey's findings on export control are outdated.
Proteomics Profile of Cronobacter sakazakii and fliF Mutant: Adherence and Invasion to Mouse Neuroblastoma Cells

Background: Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen associated with necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteraemia, and meningitis in infants. A comparative proteomic study of C . sakazakii ATCC BAA-894 (CS WT) and isogenic mutant of flagella were performed; including the ability of both strains to adhere and invade to N1E-115 cells. Results: To achieve this goal, a non-motile C. sakazakii ATCC BAA-894 fliF ::Tn5 (CS fliF ::Tn5) strain was generated using an EZ-Tn5Tnp Transposome kit. Analysis of differential protein expression showed that 81.49% (361/443) of the proteins were identified in both strains, 8.35% (37/443) were exclusively expressed in the CS WT strain and 10.16% (45/443) in the CS fliF ::Tn5 strain. The main exclusive proteins from the CS WT strain were classified into the following subcategories: “cell motility” and “signal transduction mechanisms”. In contrast, the exclusive proteins from the CS fliF ::Tn5 strain were classified into the following subcategories: “intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport”, “replication, recombination, and repair”, “nucleotide transport and metabolism”, “carbohydrate transport and metabolism”, “coenzyme transport and metabolism”, and “lipid transport and metabolism”. Expression of the Cpa protein was shared by both strains but was more abundant in the CS WT strain than in the CS fliF ::Tn5 strain. Significant increases (p=0.0001) in adherence to N1E-115 cells were observed for the non-motile CS fliF ::Tn5 strain, with 31.3×10 6 CFU/mL, relative to the CS WT strain, with 14.5×10 6 CFU/mL. Additionally, for infection of N1E-115 cells, the CS WT strain showed a 0.17% invasion frequency, which was significantly increased (p=0.01) compared to that of the non-motile CS fliF ::Tn5 strain. Conclusion : The proteins involved in motility were mainly identified by proteomic analysis in CS WT strain when compare to CS fliF ::Tn5 strain. Our data showed that flagella are required to promote invasion to N1E-115 cells and absence of flagella significantly increases the adherence to N1E-115 cells when compare to CS WT strain.
Penilaian prestasi maklum balas 360 darjah dari perspektif Islam: Satu tinjauan

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the flaw in implementing performance appraisal that raises a number of psycological problems as a result of injustice and political influence during its implementation.To overcome these problems, a new method known as the 360 Degree Feedback was introduced.However, it was found that the implementation of this method still has many weaknesses caused by human errors.In conjunction with the problem, this research seeks to explore the 360 Degree Feedback approach from the Islamic perspective as a substitute for the conventional method.This paper will discuss the justification of using the Islamic approach, the subjects involved in the implementation, and the necessary features of the 360 Degree Feedback from the Islamic perspective.Design/Methodolog/Approach – The study was a library-based research. Therefore, the data collected depended on an extensive review of the literature.The contents of the identified journals, articles and books were rigorously and carefully analysed to enable the conclusion to be made. Originality/Value –The result of this research can be used as a platform for future researchers to explore it through empirical support.Hopefully, the performance appraisal 360 Degrees Feedback through the Islamic perspective can be a substitude to the traditional approach.
George R. Irwin Symposium on Cleavage Fracture

Abstract : This symposium was originally proposed to TMS under the title of "Cleavage Fracture: Theory, Experimentation, and Modeling. " The goal of the symposium was to be an in-depth coverage of the recent work on the phenomena of cleavage fracture in the presence of plastic flow. After the initial call-for-papers went out, subsequent discussion with Professor Ronald W. Armstrong, University of Maryland, led to the dedication of this symposium to Professor George R. Irwin for his landmark contributions to the field of fracture mechanics and its applications to cleavage fracture. The George R. Irwin Symposium on Cleavage Fracture is a companion symposium to the Frank A. McClintock Symposium on ductile fracture, which was held earlier in February 1997 at the TMS Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida. The initial response to the Irwin Symposium was overwhelming with more than sixty tentative titles submitted. Unfortunately, some authors had to withdraw later for various reasons. The final program consists of thirty-nine papers organized into five sessions, with one on the biography of Professor Irwin to be presented at the symposium banquet by Professor H. P. Rossmanith, Institute of Mechanics, Vienna University of Technology. The symposium proceedings is a collection of twenty nine papers and ten abstracts on the subjects of fracture mechanics, dislocation theory of fracture, atomistic fracture, micromechanical and microstructural modeling of cleavage, cleavage mechanisms, fractographic characterization, experimental techniques, and cleavage studies in metals, welds, intermetallics, ceramics, and minerals. The diverse topics reflect the wide range of disciplines that Professor Irwin has impacted through his pioneer work on fracture mechanics.
Reliability Augmentation of Frames Autotractor Trailers and Semi-Trailers

In the present article the materials concerning development of perspective construction of a frame for autotractor trailers and semi-trailers are provided. The key geometrical parameters such are calculated, construction which is recognized by the invention, a row of perspective bearing systems of the increased reliability also protected by patents for inventions is provided. Development is recommended to research and development and industrial structures in the field of automobile and agricultural mechanical engineering for the purpose of its further study and possible implementation in practice.
Heavy flavour jet identification with the CMS experiment in Run 2

Identiﬁcation of bottom and charm quarks is crucial for most physics analyses at the CMS Experiment. Advancement and proliferation of deep learning techniques as well as hardware developments have facilitated their use in high energy physics and CMS is successfully employing them to classify jets originating from bottom quarks with unprecedented performance. Furthermore, the improvements have been sufﬁcient to begin meaningfully identifying charm jets as well.
The establishment, through action research, of an appropriate strategic ICT planning process for the South African Department of Defence as a diversified organisation

Considering the requirement for any organization to leverage the potential utility of ICT towards its competitive advantage, the ability to ensure that a comprehensive yet appropriate approach towards strategic ICT planning in diversified organizations can be sustained becomes imperative. As such the ability to institutionalise an appropriate strategic ICT planning process that is fully collaborative of all role players and stakeholders becomes important.
Global Branding

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Phenolic and polyphenolic profiles of defatted camelina, chia and sophia seeds and their invitro antioxidant and biological activities

Phenolic compounds in oilseeds occur in the free, esterified and insoluble-bound forms. The phenolics in seeds act as natural antioxidants by preventing deteriorative oxidative processes in foods as well as oxidative stress and various disorders in the human body once consumed. The free, esterified and insoluble-bound phenolics were extracted from defatted camelina (Camelina sativa), chia (Salvia hispanica) and sophia (Descurainia sophia) seeds meals. All samples were evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total proanthocyanidin (PC) content as well as antioxidant activity of their various phenolic fractions. The TPC in camelina, chia and sophia defatted meal was 11.69 ± 0.44, 14.22 ± 0.44 and 22.40 ± 0.87 mg GAE per gram sample, respectively. The corresponding values for TFC were 6.81 ± 0.68, 8.45 ± 0.80 and 8.59 ± 0.13 mg CE per gram defatted meal, respectively. Meanwhile, the PC in camelina, chia and sophia meals was 3.73 ± 0.03, 0.08 ± 0.02 and 2.23 ± 0.06 mg CE per gram sample, respectively. Several in vitro free radical scavenging assays, namely 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity (HRSC), reducing power (RP), β-carotene/ linoleate model system and metal chelation activity were investigated for all fractions. In addition, inhibition activity against lipase, α-glucosidase, low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and DNA strand scission induced by peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals for all fractions was examined in biological systems. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MSⁿ) led to positive identification of 36 phenolic compounds belonging to simple phenols, phenolic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids and procyanidins in the three phenolic fractions of camelina, chia and sophia. Esterified fraction was the predominant form of phenolics compared to the free and insoluble bound forms of phenolics in both defatted camelina and sophia seeds whereas the free phenolic fraction was the predominant form in defatted chia seed meal. Thus, camelina, chia and sophia seeds may serve as viable functional food ingredients with protective antioxidant potential but further research is required to confirm their cardiovascular diseases (CVD) preventive effects.
Thin Current Sheet Behind the Dipolarization Front

We report a unique conjugate observation of fast flows and associated current sheet disturbances in the near‐Earth magnetotail by MMS (Magnetospheric Multiscale) and Cluster preceding a positive bay onset of a small substorm at ∼14:10 UT, September 8, 2018. MMS and Cluster were located both at X ∼ −14 RE. A dipolarization front (DF) of a localized fast flow was detected by Cluster and MMS, separated in the dawn‐dusk direction by ∼4 RE, almost simultaneously. Adiabatic electron acceleration signatures revealed from the comparison of the energy spectra confirm that both spacecraft encounter the same DF. We analyzed the change in the current sheet structure based on multi‐scale multi‐point data analysis. The current sheet thickened during the passage of DF, yet, temporally thinned subsequently associated with another flow enhancement centered more on the dawnward side of the initial flow. MMS and Cluster observed intense perpendicular and parallel current in the off‐equatorial region mainly during this interval of the current sheet thinning. Maximum field‐aligned currents both at MMS and Cluster are directed tailward. Detailed analysis of MMS data showed that the intense field‐aligned currents consisted of multiple small‐scale intense current layers accompanied by enhanced Hall‐currents in the dawn‐dusk flow‐shear region. We suggest that the current sheet thinning is related to the flow bouncing process and/or to the expansion/activation of reconnection. Based on these mesoscale and small‐scale multipoint observations, 3D evolution of the flow and current‐sheet disturbances was inferred preceding the development of a substorm current wedge.
Flapping Wing Flight Dynamic Modeling

Abstract : Highly agile, hover capable flapping wing flight is a relatively new area of study in engineering. Researchers are looking to flapping flight as a potential source for the next generation of reconnaissance and surveillance vehicles. These systems involve highly complicated physics surrounding the flapping wing motion and unusual characteristics due to a hover requirement not normally associated with conventional aircraft. To that end this study focuses on examining the various models and physical parameters that are considered in various other studies. The importance of these models is considered through their effect on the trim and stability of the overall system. The equations of motion are modeled through a quasi coordinate Lagrangian scheme while the aerodynamic forces are calculated using quasi-steady potential ow aerodynamics. Trim solutions are calculated using periodic shooting for several different conditions including hover, climb, and forward flight. The stability of the trim is calculated and examined using stroke-averaged and Floquet theory. Inflow and viscous effects are added and their effects on trim and stability examined. The effects of varying hinge location and the inclusion of stroke deviation in the wing kinematics are also explored. The stroke-averaged system was not found to be a direct replacement for the periodic system as the stability was different for the two systems. Inflow and viscosity were found to have large effects on the stability of the system and models accounting for the two should be included in future flight dynamic models.
New Ideas for the City-Logistics Project in Kassel

The city logistics project Kassel, which was started in 1993, was successful for a number of years. But recently there has been little interest shown in the project. Therefore, an analysis has been carried out to find out the reasons for this decline in interest and to determine the factors necessary for a successful city logistics concept. A new city logistics project is to be planned, taking into account the analysis carried out on other German city logistics projects. In contrast to the earlier concept, the new one is to be based on a specialized form of organization which will embrace more closely the interests of all those involved.