Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Study on Ecological Conditions in Breeding Den of Chinese Giant Salamander

In order to ascertain the main ecological condition for wild Chinese Giant Salamander's(Andrias davidianus) natural breeding and provide ecological basis for Chinese Giant Salamander's natural breeding under artificial conditions,the breeding den of wild Chinese Giant Salamander in Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander State Reserve was investigated with observing and analyzing 10 ecological factors quantificationally and measuring the main water factors including dissolved oxygen(DO),chemical oxygen demand(COD),sulphide,total hardness and pH.The results also showed that that the main factors at the breeding den for Chinese Giant Salamander are the altitude,den high,bottom composition and diaphaneity,pH,velocity,food abundance of water.The measured results also showed that most of water quality index reach the state drinking water standard except sulphide.The natural breeding of Chinese Giant Salamander demands for high quality of den and water.
Propagation in Vitro of M.26 Apple Rootstocks

SummaryMethods are described for propagating M.26 apple rootstocks in vitro which make possible the production of more than 60 000 shoots from a single shoot tip in eight months. These can be readily rooted and grown-on in pots. There was no indication that culture in vitro produced mutations or abnormalities in the plants.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF L-CARNITINE ON METABOLIC DISORDERS, OXIDATIVE STRESS, ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AND INFLAMMATION IN A RAT MODEL OF INSULIN RESISTANCE

The high-fructose diet induces insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycemia, alterations in lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress in rat tissues which Oxidative stress plays a vital role in pathology associated with insulin resistance. The present study was aimed to explore the effect of L-carnitine (CAR) on insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, antioxidant status, and lipid metabolism in male rats fed with high fructose diet. Insulin resistance was induced by feeding high fructose diet (60 g/100 g). sixty male albino rats were divided into four groups containing 15 rats each. Group Ι:( Control group ) rats received the control diets. Group II (fructose-fed group) rats received fructoseenriched diet (60 g /100g). Group III: (fructose + CAR group) animals received high fructose diet and were administered CAR (300 mg/Kg body weight /day,orally). Group IV: (control +CAR group) rats received the control diet and were administered CAR. After 45 and 60 days of treatment blood samples and liver tissue were collected for determination of serum glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, pyruvate, lactate, leptin, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, phospholipids, free fatty acids, sialic acid, tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide in addition to Lmalondialdehyde (L-MDA). Moreover, antioxidant enzymes (SOD,CAT and GPx) in liver tissues were also determined. The obtained results revealed that, high fructose diet induce a significant increased in serum glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, lipid profiles, pyruvate, lactate, lipten, TNF-α, IL-6, sialic acid, MDA and nitric oxide concentrations and decrease serum phospholipids with marked reduction in CAT, SOD and GpX concentrations in liver tissues compared to rats fed normal diet. L-carnitine treatment to high fructose fed rats reduced the effects of fructose and associated with significant normalization of all serum parameters level and was able to improve dyslipidemia, inflammation and insulin resistance, attenuated the increased MDA and enhanced antioxidant status in liver tissues. These results suggest that, Lcarnitine is effective in improving the high fructose induced oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in male rats. Also, the administration of of L-carnitine to rats fed a high fructose diet prevents the development of oxidative stress and its associated complications include hyperglycemia , hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia.
Photophysiology and its response to visible and ultraviolet radiation in freshwater phytoplankton from contrasting light regimes

Pulse amplitude-modulated (PAM) fluorometry was used to obtain rapid light curves (RLCs) for phytoplankton from small Canadian lakes of varying water clarity, including metalimnetic communities from two clear lakes. RLCs were measured before and after exposure to a number of experimental spectra containing ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Photochemical (qP) and non-photochemical (NPQ) quenching during RLCs were positively and significantly correlated with recent in situ light history, but the maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (a) and maximum relative rate of electron transport (rETRmax) were not. rETRmax and a were diminished by experimental exposures to UVR and/or high PAR, but significantly less so in phytoplankton from brighter environments. UVR exposures diminished the inducible (photoprotective) NPQ of most epilimnetic phytoplankton. Both the inducible and total (photoprotective þ photoinhibitory) NPQ of metalimnetic phytoplankton were stimulated by spectral exposures. Our results are the first obtained from natural communities of freshwater phytoplankton to show that aspects of PSII photophysiology (as inferred from RLCs) vary according to in situ light history.
Cryothenia peninsulae, a New Genus and Species of Nototheniid Fish from the Antarctic Peninsula

Cryothenia peninsulae, gen. et sp. nov., is described from 20 specimens taken off the Antarctic Peninsula. Diagnostic characteristics include: two lateral lines, pit-like pores associated with the cephalic lateral lines, no tubular lateral line scales, <26 short, non-dentigerous gill rakers and a probable pelagic mode of existence. C. peninsulae is probably a late autumn-early winter spawner and a specialized feeder.
Influence of Cytokinin and Ammonium Nitrate on Elongation of Adventitious Buds in Norway Spruce(Picea abies)

The capability of different cytokinins (BA, kinetin, zeatin, 2iP) to stimulate the induction and development of adventitious buds was determined after single and repeated induction steps with hypocotyl explants. BA was the most effective cytokinin as far as it concerned the number of induced adventitious buds. Zeatin, although less effective for this pattern, promoted the elongation of buds even after repeated induction cycles contrary to BA. This is important to get propagating bud clusters with the ability to form elongating shoots. A five-year-old propagating clone line of adventitious bud clusters was used to study the influence of zeatin and ammonium nitrate on the shoot elongation. Three induction variants (6.84,13.68, 20.52 μmol·L~ -1 zeatin, each with 0.69 μmol·L~ -1 kinetin for 4 weeks) were tested. The highest zeatin concentration induced the largest number of elongating buds. The influence of one subculture step with an enhanced ammonium nitrate concentration during the growth regulator free shoot development period (4 subcultures) was tested. A subculture on a medium free of growth regulators with a low ammonium nitrate concentration (2.5 mmol·L~ -1 ) followed the cytokinin containing induction medium. The next subculture medium was supplemented with 2.5, 7.5, 12.5 and 17.5 mmol·L~ -1 ammonium nitrate. An 8-week period (2 subcultures) followed with 2.5 mmol·L~ -1 ammonium nitrate. The treatment with 7.5 mmol·L~ -1 ammonium nitrate formed the highest number of elongating buds. This was identical for all zeatin concentrations used for induction. Increased ammonium nitrate concentrations during this treatment (12.5 mmol·L~ -1 and 17.5 mmol·L~ -1 ) decreased the number of elongating buds.
Morphological Study of the Esophagus of Xenodon merremii Wagler, 1924 (Ophidia)

The histology of the esophagus of the snake Xenodon merremii was studied. It presents all layers of the digestive tract in general: the mucosa, submucosa, muscle layer and serosa. The muscosa shows a special epithelium with ciliated and goblet cells in the initial portion, gradually displaced by columnar cells in the posterior third of the organ. Other cellular types, such as basal cells, argentaffin and argyrophil cells can be found throughout the esophageal mucosa.
Additive effects of emersion stressors on the ecophysiological performance of two intertidal seaweeds

The latitudinal distribution of species is primarily driven by physical factors, particularly temperature. However, several studies suggest the importance of non-climatic physical stressors, such as irradiance, which may interact synergistically with temperature as unexpected de leterious effects or, alternatively, as additive factors. We performed 1 field and 1 mesocosm experiment to evaluate the potential interactive effects of physical stressors operating at the southern distributional ranges of Fucus serratus and F. spiralis, 2 intertidal macroalgae with contrasting geographic distributions. The first experiment analysed field response to low tide stress by measuring temperature increase, desiccation rate and photoinhibition in fronds exposed to air and fronds covered by other fronds. The second experiment compared the response of these 2 fucoid species by recreating harsh vs. mild conditions of major intertidal stressors. Results suggest that the additive effects of climatic factors, namely air temperature, and non-climatic physical variables, namely irradiance and air humidity, partially explain and can help to forecast distributional shifts of intertidal macroalgae. F. spiralis was better adapted than its congener F. serratus with lower inhibition and faster recovery. This agrees with its low latitude affinity and higher position in the intertidal. The only major interactive effect observed was the antagonistic amelioration of atmospheric thermal stress by mid to high humidity conditions, particularly when irradiance was not excessive. These intertidal seaweeds retain ambient humidity and shade themselves, lowering physiological damage through self-cover with their fronds. We observed overall additive effects of stressors and higher physiological resilience of covered algae to low tide stressors than expected by their additive effects.
Soil microbial biomass C,N,P and basal respiration in rhizosphere soil of typical plants on the Loess Plateau

The rhizosphere soil and the non-rhizosphere soil of seven typical plants were collected as the research object on the Loess Plateau,Soil microbial biomass,basal respiration and soil nutrient were studied through the experiment.The experimental results indicated that: The rhizosphere soil and the non-rhizosphere soil of the seven typical plants had significantly differences in both soil microbial biomass and basal respiration;Except that the content of soil microbial biomass P was lower in the rhizosphere soil of Artemisia frigida compared to the non-rhizosphere soil,Both the content of soil microbial biomass and the content of basal respiration were higher in the rhizosphere soil of others plants compared to the non-rhizosphere soil;Soil organic C and total N have correlations with soil microbial biomass C,soil microbial biomass N and basal respiration;But there is significant correlation among soil microbial biomass C,soil microbial biomass N and basal respiration,soil microbial biomass P is not correlated with soil microbial biomass C,soil microbial biomass N and basal respiration;Comparing soil microbial biomass and basal respiration of the seven typical plants,the content in the soil of A.frigida and Agropyron cristatum were higher than that in the soil of others plants,the content in the soil of Lespedeza bicolor Turcz being the lowest.
Lipid class distribution and fatty acid composition of prawn, Penaus japonicus bate.

Ovary, hepatopancreas and muscle of prawn, Penaeus japonicus Bate, were analyzed for lipid class distribution. Ovary and hepatopancreas are the main lipid storage organs, triglycerides being their major lipid component while muscle contains mainly cholesterol and phospholipids. The fatty acid composition of prawn was similar to that in other marine animals, palmitic acid and ω 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids predominating in both males and females. However, the ovary of female prawn contains more monounsaturated fatty acids than do the other parts of the body. It is certain that this is related to the elaboration of triglycerides as energy reserves in this organ.
Preparation and Distribution in Mice of Acetylcysteine Nanoparticles

The acetylcysteine nanoparticles were prepared with chitosan as the carrier by solvent diffusion method.The average diameter,encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of products with a spherical appearance were (163.0±12.8)nm,(81.2±1.2)%and(28.9±0.4)%,respectively.The drug concentrations in plasma and several tissues (heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney) of mice after iv administration of acetylcysteine nanoparticles or its injection with a single dose were determined by HPLC.The relative tissue exposure(R_e) and targeting efficiency(T_e) were calculated to evaluate the targeting effect of acetylcysteine nanoparticles.The results showed that the nanoparticles significantly changed the drug distribution in mice.Compared with the injection group,the acetylcysteine concentration in liver of prepared nanoparticles group was significantly increased while the concentrations in plasma,heart and kidney were decreased.
Phylogenetic relationships and Y genome origin in Kengyilia (Triticeae: Poaceae) based on single copy gene DMC1

Abstract To investigate the phylogenetic relationships among Kengyilia and related diploid genera, the genome donor of Kengyilia, and the evolutionary history of polyploid Kengyilia species, disrupted meiotic cDNA1 (DMC1) sequences were analyzed for 11 Kengyilia species, together with 34 diploid taxa from 12 monogenomic genera. Sequence diversity and genealogical analysis suggested that (1) the St and P genomes were donated by Pseudoroegneria and Agropyron, respectively; (2) phylogenetic analyses separated the Y sequences from the St sequences, it confirmed that St and Y genome in Kengyilia species have originated from different donors; (3) the St genome of Kengyilia had several origins and diverse species of Pseudoroegneria might have taken part in the formation of polyploid species of Kengyilia.
A Simplified Method for Determining Collagen in Fish Muscle

The muscle of carp was fractionated into water-soluble, alkali-soluble (0.1N NaOH), acid-soluble (0.5M acetic acid), hot water-soluble (extraction with water at 120°C for 1h), and residual fractions. The analyses of amino acid and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that collagen in the muscle was quantitatively recovered only in the acid-soluble and hot water-soluble fractions and non-collagenous proteins were absent in these fractions. On the basis of the colori-metric determination of protein in these fractions, we devised a simplified method for determinating the soluble and insoluble collagens in the muscle. The soluble and insoluble collagens in the muscles of the rainbow trout Salmo gairdnerii, Japanese mackerel Scomber japonicus, carp Cyprinus carpio, and eel Anguilla japonica were deter-mined by the proposed method. The total collagen contents in the muscles of rainbow trout, Japanese mackerel, carp, and eel were found to be 0.47, 0.50, 0.60, and 1.99% of the wet muscle, respectively.
FETOSCOPY

Abstract. A brief report is given on fetal blood sampling by fetoscopy in three fetuses at risk for severe congenital bleeding disorder; hemophilia A in two cases, von Willebrand's disease in one. Published reports on complications of fetoscopy are reviewed. Out of all together about one hundred pregnancies that have been allowed to continue after fetoscopy, five ended in miscarriage. No other serious complication has been reported.
Connectance : a role for community allometry

Theoretical models suggest that in natural communities complexity begets instability. The predicted negative hyperbolic relationship between connectance - the ratio of the number of realised interspecific interactions to the number of possible interactions - and the number of species of the community has been reported for many different systems. However, we argue that these tests suffered from analytical and conceptual flaws, and that this and other predictions in community ecology can be better approached using allometry. Four community datasets which are available in the literature (two for food-webs, one for plants and their pollinators, and one for plants and their seed-dispersers) were reanalysed to illustrate the use of the community allometry technique. One of the four tests indicated that the number of realised interactions is isometric in relation to the does not decrease with increasing community size. The remaining datasets produced negative allometry, ostensibly meaning that larger communities tend to be more loosely connected than smaller communities; however, the dataset showing isometry is the only one with a standardised sampling procedure, and this emphasises the importance of considering sampling bias. Community allometry was also applied to an additional food-web dataset to demonstrate how the method can be extended to test other community structure hypotheses. Finally, the complexity-stability theory itself is briefly discussed - specifically, it is observed that the concept of connectance in the theory differs from that in empirical studies.
Dietary adaptation of white-headed langurs in a fragmented limestone habitat

Abstract Information on feeding habits and food choices of species living in heavily disturbed and fragmented habitats is critical to developing conservation plans for these animals. We collected data on the diet and food choices of two groups (Groups 1 and 2) of white-headed langurs (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) from August 2011 to July 2012 in a highly fragmented limestone habitat within Chongzuo White-headed Langur National Nature Reserve, Guangxi province, China. The langurs fed on 97 plant species. Leaves constituted 72.2% and 80.7% of the overall diet for Group 1 and Group 2 (including 55.7% and 66.4% young leaves), and fruits accounted for 22.8% and 11.4%, respectively. The consumption of young leaves and fruits corresponded to their availabilities for the langur groups. Mature leaf consumption peaked in December and January, corresponding to a period of young leaf scarcity. Though the langurs fed on a wide variety of plant species, only ten species made up over half of their diet, and only two of these belonged to the ten most common species in the foraging region. Likewise, there was no significant relationship between the abundance of a species and its percentage of feeding records. Our results indicate that white-headed langurs respond to limestone habitat fragmentation by broadening their diet and relying more heavily on leaves, which may be enabled by their digestive physiology. We also emphasize the importance of conserving uncommon plant species for the survival of the langurs.
Fluorescence Dynamic Monitoring of Nitric Oxide Release Process Following Administration of Sodium Nitroprusside and Its Effect on the Growth of Microalga

The effect of nitric oxide(NO),provided by sodium nitroprusside(SNP),on marine microalga growth was studied.Researches were conducted on the process of the release of nitric oxide in different concentrations of SNP in the seawater media.At the same time,microalga density of cultivated Platymonas subcordiformis and Skeletonema costatum were measured to estimate the influence of different concentrations of NO on the growth of microalgae.The results were as follows: The NO concentrations released by 5,10 and 100μmol·L-1 SNP were about the order of magnitude of 6×10-9,9×10-9 and 2×10-7mol·L-1,respectively.The time of NO release was about 4,5.5 and 7.5h,respectively.The results showed that NO had different effects on different microalga.Under the condition of continuous affection by NO,the best concentration of positive effect of NO on Platymonas subcordiformis was about 10-8mol·L-1 magnitude of order,while that for red tide algae Skeletonema costatum was about 10-9mol·L-1 magnitude of order.Red tide algae is more sensitive to NO than food alga.Maybe NO is the important regulator of the microalga growth in marine ecosystem.
FACIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS BY KERNEL EIGENSPACE METHOD BASED ON CLASS FEATURES (KEMC) USING NON-LINEAR BASIS FOR SEPARATION OF EXPRESSION-CLASSES

ARSTIUCT In the facial expression recognition by analyzing featurevcctom with linear traisfbrmation. ill1 accuracy 01- rccognition is depending on expression-classes. The accuracy falls remarkably when feature vectors oS expression-classes are linearly tion-separable in a feature space. This paper describes a new method 01- facial expression analysis and recognition by using non-linear transformation for separating each expression-classes. Our new method, namely KEMC, consists of the non-linear transformation defined by kemcl functions for transforming higher dimensional space and EMC ( Eigenspace Method based on Class features). This paper also shows experimental results of facial expression classification by KEMC.
Can recovery from disturbance explain observed declines in total phosphorus in Precambrian Shield catchments

The plausibility of land disturbance as a cause of declining phosphorus (P) concentrations in oligotrophic lakes within south-central Ontario, Canada, is evaluated using the process-based model INCA-P. The model was calibrated upon three catchments in the Muskoka–Haliburton region (MHR): Harp (HP), Dickie (DE), and Plastic (PC), which have varying degrees of declining P export and different forms of historic disturbances (timber harvesting, tree death, and soil acidification, respectively). Hindcasts (1978–2007) were run with and without simulated disturbances. Model performance of both DE and HP was greatly improved when effects of wetland tree deaths (DE) and harvesting (HP) were included. In PC, with no record of timber harvesting and relatively minor declines in P, initial hindcasts successfully accounted for the majority of interannual P fluxes, and performance was only marginally improved through the simulation of soil acidification. Vegetation decay, harvesting, and catchment acidification accounte.
Changes in Glycogen Content of Neutrophils in Eel, Anguilla japonica by Bacterial Infection

Glycogen content of neutrophils in the eel which were injected with some extraneous materials such as formalin-killed cells, 2% solution of casein and physiological saline were determined and their locomotion and phagocytosis were also examined. The eel injected with bacteria had the highest content of neutrophil glycogen, ranged from 74.6 μg to 105.9 μg per 107 neutrophils. The values in those injected with 2% solution of casein and physiological saline were 60.1-66.9 μg and about 45 μg, respectively. In the locomotion of the nuetrophils, the neutrophils from the eel injected with 2% solution of casein migrated best, and those from the eel injected with bacteria did in the next place. The bacterial phagocytosis of the neutrophils was examined in vitro in the whole blood. Glycogen-rich neutrophils showed the most remarkable phagocytosis, though the locomotion was not promoted.