Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LONG-TERM ALLOGRAFT ACCEPTANCE INDUCED BY SINGLE DOSE ANTI-LEUKOCYTE COMMON ANTIGEN (RT7) ANTIBODY IN THE RAT1

Background. In clinical organ transplantation monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to different surface molecules of immunocompetent cells become integral parts of the immunosuppressive therapy. In this study, a mAb against the rat leukocyte common antigen CD45 (RT7) was tested for its immunosuppressive potency after a single perioperative injection. Methods. Binding and depleting properties of the anti-RT7 mAb were investigated by flow cytometry. In the fully major histocompatibility complex–disparate heart and skin transplantation models (LEW [RT1l] → LEW.1W [RT1u]), a single dose of anti-RT7 mAb (10 mg/kg) was administered intravenously (day −1). To characterize the long-term acceptance of heart allografts second set skin transplantation (day 100), mixed lymphocyte reaction studies (day 100) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis for intragraft cytokine expression (day 200) were performed. Results. The anti-RT7 mAb bound to nearly all hematopoietic lineage cells, but particularly T and NK cells, and profoundly depleted these cells in circulation and lymphoid tissues. Anti-RT7 mAb-treated rats showed long-term acceptance of heart allografts (>200 days; n=12), whereas untreated recipients rejected allografts by day 8 (n=6). In contrast to hearts, primary skin allograft survival was only moderately prolonged. Animals with stable heart allograft acceptance showed normal in vitro lymphocyte proliferation responses to donor and third party antigen. These recipients also acutely rejected second set donor-strain skin grafts without inducing rejection of persisting heart allografts. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of intragraft cytokines showed up-regulation of Fas-ligand and IL-4 mRNA in long-surviving heart allografts. Conclusions. The findings demonstrate that a single injection of an anti-RT7 mAb in the rat can induce stable long-term acceptance of heart allografts by transient but profound T-cell depletion. Local immunoregulatory mechanisms seem to play a role for maintenance of long-term graft acceptance.
Short-term load forecasting using Cartesian Genetic Programming: An efficient evolutive strategy: Case: Australian electricity market

Currently, the Cartesian Genetic Programming approaches applied to regression problems tackle the evolutive strategy from a static point of view. They are confident on the evolving capacity of the genetic algorithm, with less attention being paid over alternative methods to enhance the generalization error of the trained models or the convergence time of the algorithm. On this article, we propose a novel efficient strategy to train models using Cartesian Genetic Programming at a faster rate than its basic implementation. This proposal achieves greater generalization and enhances the error convergence. Finally, the complete methodology is tested using the Australian electricity market as a case study.
Downregulation of male‐specific cytochrome P450s 2C11 and 3A2 in bile duct–ligated male rats: Importance to reduced hepatic content of cytochrome P450 in cholestasis

The effects of bile duct ligation (BDL) on the activity and content of individual hepatic mixed‐function oxidases (MFOs) was examined. Five days after BDL, hepatic microsomal total cytochrome P450 (CYP) content and NADPH‐cytochrome P450‐reductase (P450‐reductase) activity were reduced to 56% and 57% of control, respectively. MFO activities attributable to the sexually undifferentiated CYPs 1A, 2A1, 2C6, and 2E1 were decreased to 32% to 52% of control, but the activities of two male sex‐specific CYPs, 2C11 and 3A2, were reduced to a significantly greater extent (P < .05). The misrosomal contents of CYP proteins 2C6 and 2E1 were decreased after BDL to 61% and 63% of control, whereas 2C11 and 3A2 proteins were 21% and 45% of control. Corresponding reductions of the messenger RNA (mRNA) species for CYP 2C11 (9% of control) and 3A2 (37%) were detected, whereas there was no reduction of 2C6 mRNA. These findings are consistent with downregulation of the CYP 2C11 and 3A2 genes. Nuclear run‐on studies performed 3 days after BDL showed that there was a generalized impairment of gene transcription after BDL, but a disproportionate reduction in transcription of CYPs 2C11 and 3A2. A possible explanation for downregulation of CYP 2C11 and 3A2 was provided by the observation that serum estradiol concentrations were threefold greater in BDL male rats, while serum testosterone was reduced; estradiol is known to downregulate CYPs 2C11 and 3A2. It is concluded that male sex‐specific CYP enzymes are decreased to a greater extent than other microsomal proteins in BDL male rats. It is proposed that the reduced activity of steroid metabolizing enzymes, which occurs after BDL, results in altered serum sex steroid concentrations, which, in turn, lead to decreased transcription of CYP 2C11 and 3A2 genes. (Hepatology 1995; 580–587.)
Micromachined microsensors for manufacturing

The rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies in recent years has provided a high degree of spatial miniaturization and integration of electromechanical components, which enable integrated sensing and control in manufacturing. This article provides an overview of the state of the art of micromachined microsensors for the measurement of mechanical signals in the manufacturing industry for automobiles, manufacturing, medical equipment, environment, robotics, food, and other consumer products. Measurements of pressure, acceleration, and acoustic emission (AE) are the three physical quantities that are most encountered in industrial and manufacturing applications. Discussed are the major design parameters of such microsensors, such as dynamic range, sensitivity, resolution, and accuracy and provide a real-world application. Also discussed are the issues related to the spatial integration of signal processing, power supply, and wireless communication with the sensing elements, which are of direct relevance to the overall performance of the microsensors.
Antiviral Effects of Aphidicolin, a New Antibiotic Produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola

Aphidicolin is an antibiotic of novel structure produced by the mold Cephalosporium aphidicola. It is a potent inhibitor of cellular deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, and it also strongly inhibits the growth of herpes simplex virus both in tissue culture and in the rabbit eye. Aphidicolin is active against iododeoxyuridine-resistant herpes virus, and does not itself readily induce the formation of drug-resistant strains of herpesvirus.
Results of the public consultation on SCENIHR's preliminary Opinion on Biological effects of ultraviolet radiation relevant to health with particular reference to sunbeds for cosmetic purposes

General comment: We’ve noticed the report doesn’t elaborate on The SCHEER has decided to use the term ‘sunbeds’ for practical purposes and to focus on their cosmetic (tanning) purposes. Comment acknowledged. Within the mandate, the SCHEER has focused on the effects from sunbeds. Especially in the discussion of the epidemiological studies, the (draft) Opinion has attempted to distinguish this from the overall (mainly sunlight-UV) exposure. See above: a full discussion on solar UV exposure and its regulation is outside the scope of the
University of Birmingham A randomised controlled trial of the use of a piece of commercial software for the acquisition of reading skills

We report here the overall results of a cluster randomised controlled trial of the use of computer-aided instruction with 672 year 7 pupils in 23 secondary school classes in the north of England. A new piece of commercial software, claimed on the basis of publisher testing to be effective in improving reading after just six weeks of use in the classroom, was compared over ten weeks (one term) with standard practice in literacy provision. Pupil literacy was assessed before and after the trial, via another piece of commercial software testing precisely the kinds of skills covered by the pedagogical software. Both the treatment group and the comparison group improved their tested literacy. In a sense the publisher’s claim was justified. However, the comparison group improved their literacy scores considerably more than the treatment group, with a standardized improvement of +0.99 compared to +0.56 (overall ‘effect’ size of -0.37), suggesting that the software approach yields no relative advantage for improvements, and may even disadvantage some pupils. On this evidence, the use of software, of a kind that is in very common use across schools in England, was a waste of resource. This could be an important corrective finding for an area of schooling that has been the focus of intense policy and practice attention. Of course, the software used has now been superseded by the same and different publishers. But the paper discusses the implications of these results for the use of such software to teach literacy more widely, for the way in which publisher claims are worded, and for the research community in relation to the feasibility of conducting pragmatic trials in school settings.
Recognition of snow condition using a convolutional neural network and control of road-heating systems

The conventional control method for road-heating systems, which is controlled mainly by snowfall, is the feedforward control. Therefore, the road-heating systems often operate in spite of no snow on the parking lots. In this paper, we introduce the method of feedback control for road-heating systems that detects snow condition on the parking lots, and turns road-heating systems on and off properly. To recognize the snow condition, we adopt images for recognition using convolutional neural networks.
Image retrieval by image feature using data mining technique

Technology brings images as a communication media for humans. Image communication used today in many fields such as education, media, healthcare and in other domains. Based on image retrieval user input selection one of the most powerful technique and has been an active research direction for the couple of years. Various features are used for image retrieval. Most of the retrieval technique used image multi level features for the user feed back. But this features are used retrieve only image low level features and it never retrieve the image based on the content. In the proposed technique content based retrieval used for retrieve the images which is most similar to the input image. Here we are taking the texture, color and shape of the image and stored in the database. When the user asks query, then it will be matched with the database and retrieve the image. It will retrieve the exact image by comparing the texture, color and shape.
A Prospective Randomized Study of Operative Treatment for Noncomminuted Humeral Shaft Fractures: Conventional Open Plating Versus Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis

Objectives: To compare the clinical and radiologic results of conventional open plating (COP) and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in the treatment of noncomminuted humeral shaft fractures. Design: Randomized prospective study. Setting: Five level 1 trauma centers. Patients: Sixty-eight consecutive patients were randomized into 2 study groups: those treated by COP (COP group; n = 32) and those treated by MIPO (MIPO group; n = 36). Intervention: Simple humeral shaft fractures (AO/OTA classification types A and B) were reduced by open reduction or closed reduction and fixed with a narrow 4.5/5.0 locking compression plate, metaphyseal locking compression plate, or proximal humeral internal locking system plate to the anterior lateral aspect of the humerus. Main Outcome Measurements: Fracture healing time, operative time, radiation exposure time, and intraoperative nerve injury. To assess shoulder and elbow function, we used the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) scoring system and the Mayo elbow performance index, including the range of motion and pain. Radiographic measurements included fracture alignment, delayed union, and nonunion. Results: Thirty-one fractures (97%) healed in the COP group within 16 weeks, whereas 36 fractures (100%) were healed in the MIPO group by 15 weeks. No significant difference was observed in the operative time or complication rates. In both groups, all fractures achieved union without malunion and with excellent functional outcomes by definition of the Mayo elbow performance index and UCLA scoring system. Conclusions: This study confirmed a high overall rate of union and excellent functional outcomes in both MIPO and COP groups. MIPO is equivalent to COP as a safe and effective method for simple types of humeral shaft fractures when surgery is indicated, and the surgeon is experienced in the technique. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Compensatory behaviour in response to sulphide-induced hypoxia affects time budgets, feeding efficiency, and predation risk

Background: In habitats containing toxic hydrogen sulphide, fish breathe at the water’s surface to stay alive. This behaviour is called aquatic surface respiration. Questions: What effects does this compensatory behaviour have? Does it constrain individuals’ time budgets? Does it have a negative effect on foraging? Does it increase susceptibility to predators? Organisms and locations: Atlantic mollies (Poecilia mexicana: Poeciliidae, Teleostei) and sulphur mollies (P. sulphuraria) inhabiting sulphidic and non-sulphidic habitats in Tabasco (Mexico). Methods: We observed time budgets of fish in sulphidic and non-sulphidic habitats. We measured the amount of food eaten by fish in the various habitats. We exposed fish to a predator (giant water-bug, Belostoma sp.: Belostomatidae, Hemiptera) in mesocosms placed in sulphidic and non-sulphidic habitats. Results: There was an inverse correlation between time spent performing aquatic surface respiration and time dedicated to foraging. Furthermore, fish in non-sulphidic habitats had more food in their guts than conspecifics from sulphidic habitats. Our predation experiments showed no overall difference in capture rates between sulphidic and non-sulphidic sites; however, males were disproportionately preyed upon.
The intercarpal ligaments of the equine midcarpal joint, Part 3: Clinical observations in 32 racing horses with midcarpal joint disease.

OBJECTIVE To characterize the clinical features of intercarpal ligament pathology and to determine the relationship among palmar intercarpal ligament tearing, dorsomedial intercarpal ligament (DMICL) hypertrophy, and other intraarticular lesions. STUDY DESIGN Prospective clinical observations. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION Twenty-eight thoroughbred and four standardbred race horses. METHODS Clinical, radiographic, and arthroscopic examination of 53 midcarpal joints of 32 horses. RESULTS Palmar intercarpal ligament tearing was observed in 30 joints of 22 horses. Some tearing of the medial palmar intercarpal ligament (MPICL) was present in 27 joints of 20 horses, and tearing of the lateral palmar intercarpal ligament in 9 joints of 7 horses. There was no correlation between the severity of clinical signs recorded and the degree of MPICL tearing. Joints with grade 2-4 MPICL tearing had significantly less cartilage and bone damage than joints with grade 1 or no ligament damage (P < .05). There was a significant inverse relationship between the number and size of intra-articular fractures, as assessed radiographically, and ligament damage (R = -.31). The DMICL was identified in all joints, and in 18 joints the ligament was enlarged. There was a significant correlation between MPICL damage and hypertrophy of the DMICL (R = .35). There was no correlation between DMICL hypertrophy and articular cartilage damage or subchondral bone damage. CONCLUSIONS Severe subchondral bone and MPICL damage rarely occur in the same joint and DMICL hypertrophy may be associated with, rather than a cause of, joint disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE There are no clinical or radiographic findings that will differentiate intercarpal ligament injury from other carpal injuries. Diagnosis is only possible by arthroscopic examination of the midcarpal joint.
Contribution of TerraSAR-X radar images texture for forest monitoring

This study aims to evaluate the texture analysis of high spatial resolution images for mapping tropical forests. More precisely, it evaluates the potential of TerraSAR-X image, with spatial resolution of 0.5 meter for the classification of tropical forests located in southern Cambodia. In particular, the focus is put on the contribution of the analysis of textural information for classification. This latter is apprehended through the analysis of Haralick textural parameters. The retained algorithm of classification is the Support Vector Machine, as it allows taking into account numerous parameters, which can be heterogeneous with respect to their physical dimension. First results show that the addition of Haralick parameters to intensity channel may improve significantly the accuracy of the classification results. However, their performance for classification discrimination strongly depends on the size of the neighborhood from which they are estimated. Preliminary analysis of variograms allows optimizing the choice of the neighborhood size. Best results are obtained with a 25×25 sliding window size, with a classification accuracy improvement higher than 50% is observed.
Testing the robustness of the new Haseman-Elston quantitative-trait loci-mapping procedure.

Variance components (VC) techniques have emerged as among the more powerful methods for detection of quantitative-trait loci (QTL) in linkage analysis. Allison et al. found that, with particularly marked leptokurtosis in the phenotypic distribution and moderate-to-high residual sibling correlation, maximum likelihood (ML) VC methods may produce a severe excess of type I errors. The new Haseman-Elston (NHE) method is a least-squares-based VC method for mapping of QTL in sib pairs (Elston et al.). Using simulation, we investigate the robustness of the NHE to marked nonnormality, by means of the same distributions and worst-case conditions identified by Allison et al. for the ML approach (i.e., 100 pairs; high residual sibling correlation). Results showed that, when marked nonnormality is present, the NHE can be used without severe type I error-rate inflation, even at very small alpha levels.
Effect of seated position on upper-extremity access to augmentative communication for children with cerebral palsy: preliminary investigation.

OBJECTIVE Our goal in this study was to determine the effect of seated position on upper-extremity access to augmentative communication for a child with cerebral palsy. METHOD A single-subject ABAB design was used with one 5-yr-old participant. We compared accuracy and speed of selection of targets on a speech-generating device in the participant's typical position and in an intervention position. The intervention position conformed to current clinical conventions and research on promoting upper-extremity movement. The intervention position was achieved through simple modifications to the participant's typical seating. RESULTS Accuracy of target selection was moderately improved in the intervention position compared with the typical position. CONCLUSION Results provide preliminary empirical evidence of the positive effects of functional seating on access to augmentative communication for children with cerebral palsy. Further research is required to confirm the positive effect of the intervention position across other people who use augmentative communication.
6H-SiC JFETs for 450 $^{\circ}\hbox{C}$ Differential Sensing Applications

N-channel 6H-SiC depletion-mode junction field-effect transistors (JFETs) have been fabricated, and characterized for use in high-temperature differential sensing. Electrical characteristics of the JFETs have been measured and are in good agreement with predictions of an abrupt-junction long-channel JFET model. The electrical characteristics were measured across a 2-in wafer for temperatures from 25degC to 450degC, and the extracted pinchoff voltage has a mean of 11.3 V and a standard deviation of about 1.0 V at room temperature, whereas pinchoff current has a mean of 0.41 mA with standard deviation of about 0.1 mA. The change in pinchoff voltage is minimal across the measured temperature range, whereas pinchoff current at 450degC is about half its value at room temperature, consistent with the expected change in the nmun product. The characterization of differential pairs and hybrid amplifiers constructed using these differential pairs is also reported. A three-stage amplifier with passive loads has a differential voltage gain of 50 dB, and a unity-gain frequency of 200 kHz at 450degC, limited by test parasitics. A two-stage amplifier with active loads has reduced sensitivity to off-chip parasitics and exhibits a differential voltage gain of 69 dB with a unity-gain frequency of 1.3 MHz at 450degC.
Repetition Duration Influences Ratings of Perceived Exertion

This study investigated the effect of different repetition durations on ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) in active muscles (RPE-AM) and the overall body (RPE-O). 19 male volunteers (M age = 25.4 yr., SD = 3.5) performed strength training protocols with multiple sets matched by the number of sets and repetitions, intensity and rest interval but different repetition durations: 4 sec. , 6 sec. , or self-paced. Participants were asked to estimate their RPE-AM and RPE-O after each set. Training protocols with a 6-sec repetition duration produced distinct responses on RPE during and after performance compared to 4-sec. and self-paced durations. However, there were no significant differences between 4-sec. and self-paced durations.
A Bayesian-Network-Based Classification Method Integrating Airborne LiDAR Data With Optical Images

Point cloud classification is of great importance to applications of airborne Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data. In recent years, airborne LiDAR has been integrated with various other sensors, e.g., optical imaging sensors, and thus, the fusion of multiple data types for scene classification has become a hot topic. Therefore, this paper proposes a Bayesian network (BN) model that is suitable for airborne point cloud classification fusing multiple data types. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of LiDAR point clouds and aerial images, we first extract the geometric features from the point clouds and the spectral features from the optical images. The optimal BN structure is then trained using an improved mutual-information-based K2 algorithm to obtain the optimal BN classifier for point cloud classification. Experiments demonstrate that the BN classifier can effectively distinguish four types of basic ground objects, including ground, vegetation, trees, and buildings, with a high accuracy of over 90%. Moreover, compared with other classifiers, the proposed BN classifier can achieve the highest overall accuracies, and in particular, the classifier demonstrates its advantage in the classification of ground and low vegetation points.