Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unique Songs of African Wood-Owls (Strix woodfordii) in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Statistical analysis of African Wood-Owl Strix woodfordii song spectrograms suggest a significantly different song type in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), central Africa, than elsewhere in eastern or southern Africa. Songs of DRC owls tend to be consistently shorter in duration and more monotone in overall frequency range. The first note is either absent or is very soft and slightly lower in frequency than the second note in DRC owls, compared with the first note being prominent, loud, and much higher in frequency than the second note in owls found elsewhere. Also, male owls in DRC sing at a higher frequency than do male owls elsewhere. Results from this study should be considered tentative working hypotheses, given the small sample size of song recordings available. Further study is needed to determine consistency of these findings, and the biogeographic scope and behavioral and taxonomic context of any such differences.
Length-weight relationships for 20 species collected in the Jurumirim reservoir (Paranapanema Basin, Brazil)

Summary Length–weight relationships were estimated for 20 species of the Jurumirim reservoir (southern Brazil): one Pimelodidae, one Callichthyidae, six Characidae, one Prochilodontidae, six Anastomidae, one Erythrinidae, two Curimatidae, one Paradontidae and one Cichlidae. The fishes were collected during 2001–2002 using three different types of fishing gear that allowed collection of both adult and juvenile specimens. The first reference of length–weight relationships for 12 species is provided.
Data Mining for Network Intrusion Detection System in Real Time

Summary Intrusion detection technology is an effective approach to dealing with the problems of network security. In this paper, we present a data mining-based network intrusion detection framework in real time (NIDS). This framework is a distributed architecture consisting of sensor, data preprocessor, extractors of features and detectors. To improve efficiency, our approach adopts a novel FP-tree structure and FP-growth mining method to extract features based on FP-tree without candidate generation. FP-growth is just accord with the system of real-time and updating data frequently as NIDS. We employ DARPA intrusion detection evaluation data set to train and test the feasibility of our proposed method. Experimental results show that the performance is efficient and satisfactory. Finally, the development trend of intrusion detection technology and its currently existing problems are briefly concluded.
Benzylaminopurine and indol-3-acetic acid concentrations in in vitro proliferation of Agave angustifolia adventitious shoots

Today, a micropropagation method for Agave angustifolia exists, but for the multiplication of propagules, more information is needed on the diverse components of the culture medium, cytokinins and auxins and their effect on organogenetic response. The objective of this study was to evaluate dosages of benzylaminopurine and indol-3-acetic acid (IAA) in a culture medium and their effect on the formation of new adventitious shoots (organogenesis). The explants used were clusters of shoots on a common base of A. angustifolia stem tissue. Clusters of three to four shoots were established in different variants of a Murashige and Skoog culture medium that had different concentrations of benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg L-1) and IAA) (0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg L-1). After 16 wk, it was found that a higher proliferation of shoots was positively related to the concentration of growth regulators. Explants formed a greater quantity of shoots in a culture medium with an increase in BAP of up to 4 mg L-1 and in IAA of up to 1 mg L-1, and there was a synergistic effect with BAP to induce the formation of the greatest number of shoots.
Assessment of offshore wind power potential in the Aegean and Ionian Seas based on high-resolution hindcast model results

In this study long-term wind data obtained from high-resolution hindcast simulations is used to analytically assess offshore wind power potential in the Aegean and Ionian Seas and provide wind climate and wind power potential characteristics at selected locations, where offshore wind farms are at the concept/planning phase. After ensuring the good model performance through detailed validation against buoy measurements, offshore wind speed and wind direction at 10 m above sea level are statistically analyzed on the annual and seasonal time scale. The spatial distribution of the mean wind speed and wind direction are provided in the appropriate time scales, along with the mean annual and the inter-annual variability; these statistical quantities are useful in the offshore wind energy sector as regards the preliminary identification of favorable sites for exploitation of offshore wind energy. Moreover, the offshore wind power potential and its variability are also estimated at 80 m height above sea level. The obtained results reveal that there are specific areas in the central and the eastern Aegean Sea that combine intense annual winds with low variability; the annual offshore wind power potential in these areas reach values close to 900 W/m 2 , suggesting that a detailed assessment of offshore wind energy would be worth noticing and could lead in attractive investments. Furthermore, as a rough estimate of the availability factor, the equiprobable contours of the event [4 m/s ≤ wind speed ≤ 25 m/s] are also estimated and presented. The selected lower and upper bounds of wind speed correspond to typical cut-in and cut-out wind speed thresholds, respectively, for commercial offshore wind turbines. Finally, for seven offshore wind farms that are at the concept/planning phase the main wind climate and wind power density characteristics are also provided.
GAMMA-AMINO BUTYRIC ACID METABOLISM UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS IN TWO LICHEN SPECIES

High temperature stress is a major environmental stress factor for all photosynthetic organisms. Some lichen species could have the ability of tolerance against global warming. In the present study, we investigated the effects of high temperature on GABA metabolism in two different lichen species Evernia prunastri and Usnea sp. Evernia and Usnea sp. were collected from unpolluted locations in Bilecik, TURKEY. Evernia and Usnea sp. were kept at 45 °C for 0, 24 and 48 h. We analyzed GABA content, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activities and also chlorophyll and MDA contents in the thalli of the lichens. The chlorophyll degradation and lipid peroxidation data indicated that E. prunastri thalli showed tolerance to high temperature while Usnea sp. thalli were found to be sensitive under these conditions. GABA content was enhanced by high temperature stress in E. prutastri thalli, while GAD and GDH activities were decreased. According to our results, we can suggest that GABA accumulation in lichen thalli could occur via different metabolic pathways.
EGFR Expression Is Unreliable to Decide for Cetuximab Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results from “ERBITUX-OUEST”

Purpose: Although controversial, assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is required for the approved indications of Cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). With the objective of improving patient selection, “ERBITUX-OUEST” study aimed at analyzing EGFR status in a large cohort of mCRC patients who received cetuximab without preliminary EGFR screening, and assessing the correlation between EGFR status and response to treatment retrospectively. Patients and methods: 332 patients treated with Irinotecan Cetuximab based regimen after progression on irinotecan or oxaliplatin therapy were included. EGFR status was assessed using three available immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests and in situ hybridization in case of negativity. Clinical outcomes of EGFR-positive and EGFR-non-detected (or considered as negative with at least one test) patients were compared. Results: Of the 332 samples centrally screened, 194 were classified as full-positive (i.e., EGFR-positive for all three tests), 86 as full-negative, and 52 as discordant. One third of the 131 negative samples with FDA approved test should be reclassified as positive with at least one of the two others tests. Regarding results from FDA approved test only, neither objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) nor overall survival (OS) differed significantly between EGFR-negative and EGFR-positive patients (P = 0.788, 0.326 and 0.888, respectively). Similarly, comparison of full-negative to other groups did not show any significant difference in terms of ORR (P = 0.507), PFS (P = 0.222) or OS (P = 0.686). Conclusion: These data strongly argue against mCRC patients selection for Cetuximab treatment based on EGFR expression as measured by currently available IHC technics.
Central Limit Theorem for ISE of Kernel Density Estimators in Censored Dependent Model

In some long-term studies, a series of dependent and possibly censored failure times may be observed. Suppose that the failure times have a common continuous distribution function F. A popular stochastic measure of the distance between the density function f of the failure times and its kernel estimate f n is the integrated square error(ISE). In this article, we derive a central limit theorem for the integrated square error of the kernel density estimators under a censored dependent model.
Linear Regression for Case-Cohort Studies

Right censored data from a classical case-cohort design and a stratified case-cohort design are considered. In the classical case-cohort design, the subcohort is obtained as a simple random sample of the entire cohort, whereas in the stratified design, the subcohort is selected by independent Bernoulli sampling with arbitrary selection probabilities. For each design and under a linear regression model, methods for estimating the regression parameters are proposed and analyzed. These methods are derived by modifying the linear ranks tests and estimating equations that arise from full-cohort data using methods that are similar to the ”pseudo-likelihood” estimating equation that has been used in relative risk regression for these models. The estimates so obtained are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. Variance estimation and numerical illustrations are also provided.
On Power Control with Finite Rate Feedback for Cooperative Relay Networks

Power control strategies with finite rate feedback are studied for the cooperative channel. The main contribution of this paper is to show that quantized feedback information can lead to significant reduction in outage probability for the cooperative relay network. To obtain an increase in diversity order and significant reductions in outage probability over constant power cooperative signaling, we develop algorithms that exploit the channel states of all network links. With one feedback bit, the proposed power control algorithm is shown to double the diversity order of constant power transmission. To quantify the performance increase of using power control in the cooperative network, we derive a lower bound on the diversity order. Based on these results, it is evident that future network protocols should utilize feedback in order to exploit the potential gains of network coding.
Testing the relationship between the solar radiation dose and surface DMS concentrations using in situ data

Abstract. The proposed strong positive relationship between dimethylsulphide (DMS) concentration and the solar radiation dose (SRD) received into the surface ocean is tested using data from the Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) programme. In situ, daily data sampled concurrently with DMS concentrations is used for the component variables of the SRD (mixed layer depth, MLD, surface insolation, I0, and a light attenuation coefficient, k) to calculate SRDinsitu. This is the first time in situ data for all of the components, including k, has been used to test the SRD-DMS relationship over large spatial scales. We find a significant correlation (ρ=0.55 n=65 p
Handling OOV Words in Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation for Malayalam

Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) is one of the potential applications in the field of Natural Language Processing. The translation process in SMT is carried out by acquiring translation rules automatically from the parallel corpora. However, for many language pairs (e.g. MalayalamEnglish), they are available only in very limited quantities. Therefore, for these language pairs a huge portion of phrases encountered at run-time will be unknown. This paper focuses on methods for handling such out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words in Malayalam that cannot be translated to English using conventional phrase-based statistical machine translation systems. The OOV words in the source sentence are pre-processed to obtain the root word and its suffix. Different inflected forms of the OOV root are generated and a match is looked up for the word variants in the phrase translation table of the translation model. A Vocabulary filter is used to choose the best among the translations of these word variants by finding the unigram count. A match for the OOV suffix is also looked up in the phrase entries and the target translations are filtered out. Structuring of the filtered phrases is done and SMT translation model is extended by adding OOV with its new phrase translations. By the results of the manual evaluation done it is observed that amount of OOV words in the input has been reduced considerably. Keywords—SMT, OOV words, out-of-vocabulary, unknown words, phrase translation, Machine Translation, Malayalam Translation
Title A randomized controlled trial of qigong exercise on fatigue symptoms , functioning , and telomerase activity in persons with chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome

Background Chronic fatigue is common in the general population. Complementary therapies are often used by patients with chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome to manage their symptoms. Purpose This study aimed to assess the effect of a 4-month qigong intervention program among patients with chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome. Methods Sixty-four participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a wait list control group. Outcome measures included fatigue symptoms, physical functioning, mental functioning, and telomerase activity. Results Fatigue symptoms and mental functioning were significantly improved in the qigong group compared to controls. Telomerase activity increased in the qigong group from 0.102 to 0.178 arbitrary units (p<0.05). The change was statistically significant when compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion Qigong exercise may be used as an alternative and complementary therapy or rehabilitative program for chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome.
CAVE-based Virtual Prototyping of an Audio Radiogoniometer: Ecological Validity Assessment

This paper is part of a project concerned with the improvement of audio radiogoniometer design ergonomics and sound aesthetic. It introduces a virtual prototyping implementation of a simple radiogoniometer along with a methodology to assess its ecological validity. Said methodology involves a performance comparison between two different radiogoniometer designs, both implemented as virtual prototypes. While suggested assessment achievement supposes a companion study in a real environment (based on a physical prototype), significant results have already been gathered regarding the impact of the virtual environment on the virtual prototype validity.
Combined approaches to identify genomic regions involved in phenotypic differentiation between low divergent breeds: Application in Sardinian sheep populations.

Selective breeding has led to modifications in the genome of many livestock breeds. In this study, we identified the genomic regions that may explain some of the phenotypic differences between two closely related breeds from Sardinia. A total of 44 animals, 20 Sardinian Ancestral Black (SAB) and 24 Sardinian White (SW), were genotyped using the Illumina Ovine 50K array. A total of 68, 38 and 15 significant markers were identified using the case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS), the Bayesian population differentiation analysis (FST ) and the Rsb metric, respectively. Comparisons among the approaches revealed a total of 22 overlapping markers between GWAS and FST and one marker between GWAS and Rsb. Three markers detected by Rsb were also located near (<2 Mb) to highly significant regions identified by GWAS and FST analyses. Moreover, one candidate marker identified by GWAS and FST approaches was located in a run of homozygosity island that was shared by both breeds. We identified several genes involved in many phenotypic differences (such as stature and growth, reproduction, ear size, coat colour, behaviour) between the two analysed breeds. This study shows that combining several genome-wide approaches could improve discovery of regions involved in the variability of breeding traits and responsible for the phenotypic diversity even between closely related breeds. Overall, the combination of such genome-wide methods can be extended to other livestock breeds that share between them a similar genetic background, to understand the process that shapes the patterns of genetic variability between closely related populations.
Ignorable and informative designs in survey sampling inference

SUMMARY The role of the sample selection mechanism in a model-based approach to finite population inference is examined. When the data analyst has only partial information on the sample design then a design which is ignorable when known fully may become informative. Conditions under which partially known designs can be ignored are established and examined for some standard designs. The results are illustrated by an example used by Scott (1977).
Exploration of relational factors: Sino-foreign joint venture partnering

Purpose – Despite recent threats of economic contraction, China still offers attractive opportunities for foreign companies seeking to expand their business activities through joint venturing (JV) partnering entry strategies. Recent research has indicated a growing recognition of the importance of relational factors in JV partnering. The purpose of this paper is to build on recent research findings that identify critical relation success factors in JVs and explores these in the context of a Hong Kong-based civil aviation services company seeking to expand business activities in Greater China. Design/methodology/approach – While the extant management literature focuses primarily on factors relevant to the inter-partner relationship between partners in the formation stage of a joint venture, this research takes a dynamic stakeholder perspective in respect of the relevant relational factors over the evolution of a partnership. The research described in this paper is based on a case-based study that identifie.
HYPOGLYCAEMIC ACTIVITY OF CALLISTEMO LA CEOLATUS LEAF ETHA OLIC EXTRACT I STREPTOZOTOCI I DUCED DIABETIC RATS

The hypoglycaemic activity of the ethanolic extract, petroleum ether and chloroform fractions of leaves of Callistemon lanceolatus were carried out in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats for 30 days. The effect on biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione levels, activity of antioxidant enzymes) were also assessed to evaluate their activity in controlling diabetes related metabolic conditions. The results indicate that the chloroform fraction at 150 mg/kg b.w. significantly lowers blood glucose level with insignificant ulceration compared to the standard drug glibenclamide (3 mg/kg b.w.). Also, there was reduction in lipid peroxidation level and reduced glutathione levels and elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
Rational discovery of dual-indication multi-target PDE/Kinase inhibitor for precision anti-cancer therapy using structural systems pharmacology

Many complex diseases such as cancer are associated with multiple pathological manifestations. Moreover, the therapeutics for their treatments often lead to serious side effects. Thus, it is needed to develop multi-indication therapeutics that can simultaneously target multiple clinical indications of interest and mitigate the side effects. However, conventional one-drug-one-gene drug discovery paradigm and emerging polypharmacology approach rarely tackle the challenge of multi-indication drug design. For the first time, we propose a one-drug-multi-target-multi-indication strategy. We develop a novel structural systems pharmacology platform 3D-REMAP that uses ligand binding site comparison and protein-ligand docking to augment sparse chemical genomics data for the machine learning model of genome-scale chemical-protein interaction prediction. Experimentally validated predictions systematically show that 3D-REMAP outperforms state-of-the-art ligand-based, receptor-based, and machine learning methods alone. As a proof-of-concept, we utilize the concept of drug repurposing that is enabled by 3D-REMAP to design dual-indication anti-cancer therapy. The repurposed drug can demonstrate anti-cancer activity for cancers that do not have effective treatment as well as reduce the risk of heart failure that is associated with all types of existing anti-cancer therapies. We predict that levosimendan, a PDE inhibitor for heart failure, inhibits serine/threonine-protein kinase RIOK1 and other kinases. Subsequent experiments and systems biology analyses confirm this prediction, and suggest that levosimendan is active against multiple cancers, notably lymphoma, through the direct inhibition of RIOK1 and RNA processing pathway. We further develop machine learning models to predict cancer cell-line’s and a patient’s response to levosimendan. Our findings suggest that levosimendan can be a promising novel lead compound for the development of safe, effective, and precision multi-indication anti-cancer therapy. This study demonstrates the potential of structural systems pharmacology in designing polypharmacology for precision medicine. It may facilitate transforming the conventional one-drug-one-gene-one-disease drug discovery process and single-indication polypharmacology approach into a new one-drug-multi-target-multi-indication paradigm for complex diseases.
The fate of nitrogen in outdoor pig production

Il peut exister un conflit d'interet entre le bien etre animal et la pollution par l'azote pour la production de porcs en plein air. En reponse aux preoccupations sur les pertes d'azote dans l'atmosphere et les eaux souterraines, nous avons quantifie la variation spatiale, et la dynamique temporelle de l'azote mineral, de la volatilisation d'ammoniac, de la denitrification et du lessivage du nitrate dans des elevages de porcs en plein air pour 3 exploitations agricoles au Danemark. Dans les enclos contenant des truies en gestation, des pertes substantielles d'azote ont ete observees, particulierement autour des aires d'alimentation. Les emissions brutes d'ammoniac ont varie entre 0,08 et 1,26 kg N.ha -1 . j -1 et ont augmente avec la densite des animaux et les entrees d'azote. Les vitesses de denitrification etaient en moyenne de 0,52 kg N.ha -1 . j -1 a l'automne suivant un ete en presence de truies allaitantes, et 0,10 kg N.ha -1 . j -1 au printemps suivant. Le lessivage cumule du nitrate pendant le sejour des truies et l'annee suivante a ete de 126-276 kg N.ha -1 . Un total de 81 a 100 % de l'azote apporte par les aliments dans l'enclos est assimile par les porcelets (44 %), volatilise sous forme d'ammoniac (13 %), denitrifie (8 %) ou lessive sous forme de nitrate (16 a 35 %). Le developpement necessaire en vue d'accroitre l'efficience de l'utilisation de l'azote pour la production de porcs en plein air pourrait inclure des changements de gestion de la production, comme par exemple la diminution de la densite des animaux et la reduction du niveau de l'alimentation azotee. Aussi, une meilleure repartition des elements nutritifs dans l'enclos pourrait etre realisee en gerant le comportement des animaux par rapport a leurs rejets.