Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Origin of the S‐Shaped JV Curve and the Light‐Soaking Issue in Inverted Organic Solar Cells

Inverted organic solar cells generally exhibit a strong s‐shaped kink in the current–voltage characteristics (JV curve) that may be removed by exposure to UV light (light‐soaking) leading to a drastically improved performance. Using in‐device characterization methods the origin of the light‐soaking issue in inverted solar cells employing titanium dioxide (TiO2) as an electron selective layer is clarified. An injected hole reservoir accumulated at the TiO2/organic interface of the pristine device is observed from extraction current transients; the hole reservoir increases the recombination and results in an s‐shape in the JV curve of pristine devices. The hole reservoir and the s‐shape is a result of the energetics at the selective contact in the pristine device; the effect of UV exposure is to decrease the work function of the indium tin oxide/TiO2‐contact, increasing the built‐in potential. This hinders the build‐up of the hole reservoir and the s‐shape is removed. The proposed model is in excellent agreement with drift‐diffusion simulations.
Effect of CO 2 – induced ocean acidification on the early development 2 and shell mineralization of the European abalone ( Haliotis 3 tuberculata ) 4

7 1UMR 7208 "Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques" (BOREA), 8 MNHN/CNRS/IRD/UPMC, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Station de Biologie Marine de 9 Concarneau, 29900 Concarneau, France 10 2 Current address : Ifremer, Département Océanographie et Dynamique des Ecosystèmes (ODE), Rue de 11 l’île d’Yeu, BP21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France 12 3UMR 7144 "Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin" (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, 13 29680 Roscoff Cedex, France 14 4Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP160/15, 1050, Brussels, Belgium 15 5 Ecloserie France-Haliotis, Kerazan, 29880 Plouguerneau, France 16 6 Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 17 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, University of Brest (UBO), 18 Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB), Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France 19 7Laboratory of Coastal Benthic Ecology (LEBCO), DYNECO, Ifremer Centre Bretagne, 29280, 20 Plouzané, France 21 8Sorbonne Université, 4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France 22 23 * Corresponding author: tel: + 33 2 98 50 42 88; fax: + 33 2 98 97 81 24, 24 E-mail: stephanie.auzoux-bordenave@mnhn.fr 25 26
MiFID II: The Impact of Double Volume Cap Mechanism on Market Quality

I provide a comprehensive evaluation of the Double Volume Cap mechanism, a regulation that regularly triggers dark trading suspension based on a stock's historical dark trading activity. By analysing the impact of each suspension wave occurring between 2018 and 2020, I show that, during the pre-COVID-19 pandemic period, the dark trading suspension improves market liquidity, worsens informational efficiency, and reduces return volatility, whereas, during the post-COVID-19 pandemic period, the suspension imposes exactly opposite effects on market quality. I also find that lifting the dark trading suspension induces exactly opposite impacts, with a larger effect size, compared to triggering suspension, providing more statistically powerful evidence of how dark trading affects market quality. These results imply that the Double Volume Cap mechanism may have brought about many unintended consequences to the market when the market needs liquidity and stability the most and when the suspension is relaxed. Nevertheless, I do identify evidence that the market gradually learns and adapts to the new trading environment as market participants reduce their reliance on dark pools over time, a result consistent with the policymaker's original objective.
Enhancing the Competitive Advantage of the Germinated Parboiled Rice

Objective - This research aims to; 1) study the competitive advantage and firm performance of the geminated parboiled rice community enterprise group, 2) investigate the differences in competitive advantage and firm performance when classified by organizational factors, 3) study the difference in the influence of competitive advantage on firm performance, and 4) determine proposals to enhance competitive advantage. Methodology/Technique - This research uses mixed research methods. The quantitative method was used to study the influence of competitive advantage on firm performance of community enterprises, and a qualitative method was used to determine proposals to enhance competitive advantage. In Step 1, a quantitative research method was used to identify the population which includes management groups of 36 geminated parboiled rice community enterprises consisting of a chairperson, a vice-chairperson and a supervisor of 208 people, and 137 samples. Proportional sampling and simple random sampling were used in this process. Data was collected using questionnaires. The statistics used for data analysis was frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, F-test (one way ANOVA), Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis. In step 2, data was collected from in-depth interviews with key informants, using a purposive sampling method. Data analysis from the interviews using the information obtained from the interview into categories and using content analysis to determine proposals. Findings - The research results found that competitive advantage and firm performance was high. The hypothesis testing results show that only the age of the community enterprise has an effect on the image of the community enterprise with the statistical significance of 0.05. All 3 independent variables composed of cost leadership, differentiation, and market focus had an influence on firm performance, by standardized coefficients (β) was . 398, . 426, . 654 respectively. Novelty - The proposals from this research include the establishment of newly geminated parboiled rice community enterprises to accelerate the creation of the organization image to be known and accepted by consumers. Further, community enterprises should focus on developing a competitive advantage that comes from a market focus strategy. This will have a positive impact on firm performance. Type of Paper - Empirical. Keywords: Geminated Parboiled Rice; Community Enterprise; Competitive Advantage; Firm Performance JEL Classification: URI: http://gatrenterprise.com/GATRJournals/GJBSSR/vol9.2_5. html DOI: https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2021. 9.2(5) Pages 152 – 164
Discrimination between Single Protein Conformations Using Dynamic SERS

In biomedicine and biophysics, the discrimination of protein conformations is of critical importance for identifying the unfolding states in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. We develop a dynamic Raman spectroscopic approach based on a statistical analysis of the time series of spectral fingerprints of single protein. We show that the unfolded state of bovine serum albumin can be identified in the time series using the fluctuations of the Raman bands of some amino acids, tryptophan, tyrosine, leucine, and histidine, acting as biomarkers. The statistical analysis induces also the sorting between physisorption and chemisorption events. This is confirmed by the spectral analysis of the different characteristic spectra highlighted based on the amino acids fingerprints following, notably, the hydrophobicity
Adaptive Web-Based System for Examination with Cheating Prevention Mechanism

In this paper, the adaptive web-based system for examination with cheating prevention mechanism is presented. The idea of system was created based on the need to provide impartial evaluation during testing of learners - statistics of cheating during exams from the last decade is rather alarming however not surprising. With the dawn of new technologies cheating is becoming much easier than it used to be, as a natural result certain anti-cheating mechanism has to be deployed. System itself is in nature web-based and thus enables easy and widespread access. Approaches that enable automatic monitoring of learner during an examination were following and enhancing those in previously created systems. As a communication technology over the internet or intranet was utilized WebRTC which enabled to incorporate together various live monitoring capabilities - video, audio, screen of computer. Another feature that is in the center of interest is adaptive selection of questions. This selection is automatically carried out by system and it is based on answers as provided by learner. Deployment in the real environment is expected to be used as a complement that is to enhance education quality and provide automatic impartial evaluation of learner.
Surface micro-discharge (SMD)

There is an urgent need for an efficient technology of disinfection and sterilization in view of the alarming dimensions health care-associated infections (HAIs) have reached. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) can be utilized for hygienic and medical purposes, in particular in surface decontamination applications, and provides a promising alternative to the conventionally used sterilization techniques. Surface Micro-Discharge (SMD) offers a technology for generating CAP that can be applied to wide areas. In the present work, I investigate the plasma chemistry involved in the inactivation of microorganisms by application of the SMD in order to optimize the antimicrobial effect. For this purpose, different strains of vegetative bacteria and bacterial endospores are exposed to the SMD with experimental parameters such as the gas composition, power input, treatment duration and humidity varied. At the same time, the concentration of ozone produced by the SMD is monitored, and its correlation with the antimicrobial efficacy is investigated. I demonstrate that the bactericidal effect of the SMD on both the Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Enterococcus mundtii is similar and strongly correlates with the ozone concentration. The sporicidal effect on Geobacillus stearothermophilus is crucially affected by the humidity, whereas the ozone concentration appears to have no influence. In addition, I investigate the dynamic behavior of ozone produced by the SMD by varying the geometry and the time interval for the plasma generation and by igniting the plasma in two subsequent phases with different frequencies. Possible explanations for the obtained results are provided. This work fortifies the role of SMD as an efficient sterilization method and discloses diverse possibilities for optimizing the antimicrobial effect.
Silicene: A Promising Surface to Achieve Morphological Transformation in Gold Clusters

In recent years, gold clusters supported on solid materials have attracted considerable attention because of their various potential applications. With the objective of stabilizing the energetically less stable but catalytically more active planar form of finite sized gold clusters on some suitable solid support, we have theoretically investigated the morphological transformation of gold dimer, trimer, and Au20 clusters on pristine silicene/Ag(111) surface. In contrast to previous schemes which have been suggested for the stabilization of planar structures by appropriate surfaces, the present proposal does not require any external influence such as doping or application of external electric field. In fact, we have exploited the special characteristics of the silicene surface, namely, buckled nature and weak Si–Si π bonding, which enable this surface to make strong Si–Au covalent bonds resulting in the two-dimensional planar Au20 isomer being more stable than its three-dimensional tetrahedral structure. In.
Effects of different drying methods and value addition of versatile food mix with moringa dry leaves

Moringa oleifera leaves have been reported to be a rich sources of vitamins especially, vitamin A and minerals. They are also an excellent source of nutrients such as vitamin C, zinc, calcium, iron and potassium and phytochemicals which have been shown to have positive health effects. The leaves can be eaten as a vegetable. The leaves cannot be stored more than a week without refrigeration due to its perishable nature. Hence, the leaves can be dried and converted into powder. The powder or dry leaves can be used to enhance the nutritional value of the foods. The present paper thus attempts to develop and standardize new innovative value added product using dried moringa leaves. Among the different drying methods studied blanched and shade dried leaves had better nutrient content. Hence the shade dried leaves were used for standardizing moringa leaf versatile food mix. It was standardized by using grains along with pulses in different variations of moringa leaves. Nutritional properties were analyzed. The standardized moringa leaf versatile food mix contains 6.5 per cent of protein, 6358μg of beta carotene and 4.2 g of iron and hence it will meet the average nutritional requirement of 20 per cent of all age groups. The versatile food mix can be stored in Metalized Poly Propylene (MPP) packages upto 6 months with significant changes in their nutritional properties.
Blended Learning's Impact on Student Performance and Engagement in a Middle School Language Arts Classroom

The purpose of this action research project was to determine if blended learning instructional practices enhance students’ understanding of the content being studied and increase student engagement in a 7 grade English language arts classroom. The research questions being studied as a result of these purposes include: Is there a positive correlation between using blended learning techniques with middle school students and students’ proficiency of the Iowa Core standards? Does using blended learning methods correlate to increased student engagement? Participants of the study were three sections of 7 grade language arts students from the teacher researcher’s school district in rural Iowa. The population of students was diverse in academic need consisting of many students on Individualized Education Plans and 504 plans, as well as English learners. After completing a unit that used traditional teaching methods, students were summatively assessed and then began a second unit in which the teacher researcher employed the rotation model of blended learning. Quantitative data on the impact of blended learning was collected via the blended learning unit’s formative and summative assessments. Qualitative data was collected through student interest surveys. The summative assessment scores from the unit that did not use blended learning were compared to the unit that did to check for student growth.
Epitaxial Growth of High Quality Ge Films on Si(001) Substrates by Nanocontact Epitaxy

We have developed a novel epitaxial growth technique called nanocontact epitaxy that allows high quality Ge films to be epitaxially grown on Si(001) substrates using spherical nanodots as seed crystals. The nanodots only make contact with the Si substrate through nanowindows in an intermediate ultrathin SiO 2 film, and they were elastically strain-relaxed without misfit dislocations. Ge films with a thickness of 130 nm were epitaxially grown on the nanodot seed crystals by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. The resulting Ge films typically exhibited a surface roughness of ∼0.4 nm and an etch pit density of 10 4 to 10 5 cm ―2 , demonstrating their high crystallinity. The films exhibit photoluminescence around 0.8 eV related to Ge crystals.
Development of a Simple Sample Pretreatment Method for Capillary Electrophoretic Determination of Melamine in Milks

The determination of melamine in milk samples by capillary electrophoresis (CE) usually requires a complex sample pretreatment. Here, we show a simple sample pretreatment method for the capillary electrophoretic determination of melamine in milk samples with 0.125 mol/L acetic acid solution. It was found that melamine on the level of ppm in milk can be simply and rapidly determined by CE after a pretreatment with a 0.125 mol/L acetic acid solution. The detection limit of melamine was 1 ppm by the proposed method ; also, the melamine concentration was proportional to its peak area. The relatively standard deviations of 10 determinations of a milk sample spiked with 10 ppm melamine were 1.0 ％ and 10.5 ％ for the electromigration time (peak time) and the peak area, respectively.
A Survey On Robust Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping

—In the last few decades, visual Simultaneous Localization (visual SLAM) and Mapping and Structure from Motion (SfM) have been a hotspot of research in both the computer vision and robotic communities. Many variants of these techniques have started to make an impact in a wide range of applications, including robot navigation and augmented reality. Most SfM and visual SLAM techniques are developed based on the assumption of static environment. These methods can be categorized as Robust Visual SLAM methods. In this survey, we present multiple techniques that are commonly used in major steps of Robust Visual SLAM. We identify ﬁve major steps of Robust Visual SLAM: feature extraction, feature matching, motion segmentation, localization, and 3D reconstruction. In each section, we present the core ideas of every method and we discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the future research trends in Robust VSLAM and conclusion of this survey is discussed.
Hydrophilic Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance in Forward Osmosis Processes

Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging technology for desalination and water reuse. However, a big challenge is finding suitable draw solutes. In this work, we have synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), investigated their potential as draw solutes in FO systems, and explored their recovery and reusability. A series of poly(ethylene glycol)diacid-coated (PEG−(COOH)2-coated) MNPs with different size distributions have been synthesized by means of the thermal decomposition method. The physical properties and chemical compositions of the resultant MNPs are fully characterized. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses show the characteristics of spherical morphology with narrow size distribution, and a mean size from 4.2 to 17.5 nm depending on the ratio of the two starting materials of PEG−(COOH)2 to ferric triacetylacetonate (Fe(acac)3). Vibrating sample magnetometer analyses confirm the magnetic behavior of the PEG−(COOH)2 MNPs. The PEG−(COOH)2 layer on the MNPs ascertained from Fourier transform i.
A Group Contribution Method for the Thermal Properties of Ionic Liquids

Missing substance properties can become a limiting factor in research and process design. Especially for ionic liquids (ILs), experimental data are often not available and measurement is expensive and time-consuming. To cope with this issue, an estimation scheme for the heat capacity and the thermal conductivity of ILs has been developed. To achieve a wide range of application, first-order group contributions have been chosen to describe the molecular structure of the ions. 2419 experimental heat capacity data points for 106 ILs have been used in two separate subsets for parameter fitting and testing to allow for a reliable external validation. In the case of thermal conductivity, 372 data points for 39 ILs have been processed analogously. The data for ILs from the subset not used for the fitting could be reproduced with a mean absolute error of 5.4% in the case of heat capacity and of 8.1% in the case of thermal conductivity. Using these estimation schemes, it is possible to screen a huge number of poten.
Effect of Paclobutrazol on Fruit Quality Attributes in Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cv. Totapuri

Paclobutrazol application restricts vegetative growth while improving flowering and fruiting in mango. In the present study, effect of soil drenching with Paclobutrazol @ 3.0ml m-1 canopy diameter, applied during the 3rd week of August, on fruit quality attributes was investigated in cv. Totapuri. Parameters like fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), % acidity, and content of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, lycopene and individual sugars was estimated. Paclobutrazol application increased average fruit weight, TSS and content of ascorbic acid and total carotenoids, and reduced the acidity in fruits compared to fruits in untreated trees. Lycopene content was only marginally influenced by paclobutrazol. In fruits of paclobutrazol treated trees, increase of 23.4% in total sugars, 29.6% in reducing sugars, 77.4% in glucose and 27.8% in sucrose content was recorded over fruits from the untreated trees. Results indicated that, paclobutrazol application improved quality in mango fruit.
Net Neutrality and Fairness: An Empirical Investigation of Consumers' Appreciation of Quality of Service in Internet Access

Although Internet service providers (ISPs) are technically capable as well as legally allowed to offer non-neutral Internet access services, where the data flows of those customers that pay a premium are prioritized over others, such an access service is currently not offered by ISPs. We argue that ISPs are hesitant to tap the price discrimination potential of prioritized Internet access services, because in the context of the ongoing public debate on net neutrality (NN), such differentiation would be considered as unjust by their customers. In a representative survey among German Internet access customers we find that the customers’ perceptions of justice as well as the framing of the mechanism by which prioritized Internet access is provided are indeed decisive for whether customers’ would prefer this access regime over NN. In particular we find that perceptions of distributive and procedural justice drive customers’ choice for non-neutral Internet access. Moreover, customers are more likely to accept a regime that offers an absolute rather than a relative prioritization of data flows.
Comparing interventions using across report information

Assessing interventions applied to target populations is a matter of prime interest. Studies are usually undertaken to see if an alternative intervention is superior (or at least equivalent) to a comparable standard intervention. This is typically achieved by comparing alternative and standard intervention within a given study and the developed meta-analytic methodology is building on this assumption. Very little work has been delivered when studies only report results on one of the interventions only, but not on both. This is the situation we consider here and it is motivated by study reports on two surgeries for treatment of asymptomatic antenatally diagnosed congenital lung malformations in young children. Reports are often only available for one of the two and restricting analysis on those with results on both surgeries will restrict data to 33% of the potential sources. We show in this paper how data sources can be fused and under which condition this fusion will provide valid results. Application to the case study shows the potential gain of the suggested approach in reaching a more conclusive analysis. We argue that studies should best allow within-study comparison, but if only one intervention information is available (for example, as the required surgery expertise for the comparative intervention is not deliverable at the respective site) harnessing one-group information can provide additional insights.