Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining and visual exploration of closed contiguous sequential patterns in trajectories

ABSTRACT Large collections of trajectories provide rich insight into movement patterns of the tracked objects. By map matching trajectories to a road network as sequences of road edge IDs, contiguous sequential patterns can be extracted as a certain number of objects traversing a specific path, which provides valuable information in travel demand modeling and transportation planning. Mining and visualization of such patterns still face challenges in efficiency, scalability, and visual cluttering of patterns. To address these challenges, this article firstly proposes a Bidirectional Pruning based Closed Contiguous Sequential pattern Mining (BP-CCSM) algorithm. By employing tree structures to create partitions of input sequences and candidate patterns, closeness can be checked efficiently by comparing nodes in a tree. Secondly, a system called Sequential Pattern Explorer for Trajectories (SPET) is built for spatial and temporal exploration of the mined patterns. Two types of maps are designed where a conventional traffic map gives an overview of the movement patterns and a dynamic offset map presents detailed information according to user-specified filters. Extensive experiments are performed in this article. BP-CCSM is compared with three other state-of-the-art algorithms on two datasets: a small public dataset containing clickstreams from an e-commerce and a large global positioning system dataset with more than 600,000 taxi trip trajectories. The results show that BP-CCSM considerably outperforms three other algorithms in terms of running time and memory consumption. Besides, SPET provides an efficient and convenient way to inspect spatial and temporal variations in closed contiguous sequential patterns from a large number of trajectories.
A pilot study of oral S-1 for treating heavily pretreated patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer among Chinese population

Abstract This pilot study retrospectively aimed to assess the feasibility effectiveness and safety of oral S-1 in heavily pretreated patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer (ARCC) among Chinese population. Thirty patients with ARCC who had undergone one or more lines of chemotherapy received oral S-1 (40–60 mg/m2) twice daily for 6 weeks. Outcome measurements included tumor response, time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS) time, and occurrence of adverse events (AEs). The overall response rate was 43.3%. After a median follow-up of 6 months, the median TTP was 4.4 months and the median OS time was 10.2 months. The most frequent grade 3 or 4 AEs were neutropenia (13.3%) and nausea (16.7%). The results of this study show that oral S-1 is effective and well-tolerated in patients with ARCC who were heavily pretreated among Chinese population.
Two Discrete Binary Versions of African Buffalo Optimization Metaheuristc

African Buffalo Optimization (ABO) is one of the most recent swarms intelligence based metaheuristics. ABO algorithm is inspired by the buffalo’s behavior and lifestyle. Unfortunately, the standard ABO algorithm is proposed only for continuous optimization problems. In this paper, the authors propose two discrete binary ABO algorithms to deal with binary optimization problems. In the first version (called SBABO) they use the sigmoid function and probability model to generate binary solutions. In the second version (called LBABO) they use some logical operator to operate the binary solutions. Computational results on two knapsack problems (KP and MKP) instances show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and their ability to achieve good and promising solutions.
Coating Matters: Review on Colloidal Stability of Nanoparticles with Biocompatible Coatings in Biological Media, Living Cells and  Organisms

Abstract: Within the last two decades, the field of nanomedicine has not developed as successfully as has widely been hoped for. The main reason for this is the immense complexity of the biological systems, including the physico-chemical properties of the biological fluids as well as the biochemistry and the physiology of living systems. The nanoparticles’ physico-chemical properties are also highly important. These differ profoundly from those of freshly synthesized particles when applied in biological/living systems as recent research in this field reveals. The physico-chemical properties of nanoparticles are predefined by their structural and functional design (core and coating material) and are highly affected by their interaction with the environment (temperature, pH, salt, proteins, cells). Since the coating material is the first part of the particle to come in contact with the environment, it does not only provide biocompatibility, but also defines the behavior (e.g. colloidal stability) and the fate (degradation, excretion, accumulation) of nanoparticles in the living systems. Hence, the coating matters, particularly for a nanoparticle system for biomedical applications, which has to fulfill its task in the complex environment of biological fluids, cells and organisms. In this review, we evaluate the performance of different coating materials for nanoparticles concerning their ability to provide colloidal stability in biological media and living systems.
Learning Word Embeddings for Data Sparse and Sentiment Rich Data Sets

This research proposal describes two algorithms that are aimed at learning word embeddings for data sparse and sentiment rich data sets. The goal is to use word embeddings adapted for domain specific data sets in downstream applications such as sentiment classification. The first approach learns word embeddings in a supervised fashion via SWESA (Supervised Word Embeddings for Sentiment Analysis), an algorithm for sentiment analysis on data sets that are of modest size. SWESA leverages document labels to jointly learn polarity-aware word embeddings and a classifier to classify unseen documents. In the second approach domain adapted (DA) word embeddings are learned by exploiting the specificity of domain specific data sets and the breadth of generic word embeddings. The new embeddings are formed by aligning corresponding word vectors using Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) or the related nonlinear Kernel CCA. Experimental results on binary sentiment classification tasks using both approaches for standard data sets are presented.
A Novel Artificial Neural Network Based Sleep-Disordered Breathing Screening Tool.

STUDY OBJECTIVES This study evaluated a novel artificial neural network (ANN) based sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) screening tool incorporating nocturnal pulse oximetry with demographic, anatomic, and clinical data. The tool was compatible with 6 categories of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) with 4% oxyhemoglobin desaturation threshold, ≥ 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 events/h. METHODS Using a general population dataset, the training set included 2,280 subjects, whereas the test set included 470 subjects. The input of this tool was a set of 22 variables. The tool had six neural network models for each AHI threshold. Several metrics were explored to evaluate the performance of the tool: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS The AUC was 0.904, 0.912, 0.913, 0.926, 0.930, and 0.954, respectively, with models of AHI ≥ 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 events/h thresholds. The sensitivities of all neural network models were higher than 95%. The AHI ≥ 30 events/h model had the maximum sensitivity: 98.31% (95% CI: 95.01%-100%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested that the ANN based SDB screening tool can be used to identify the presence or absence of SDB. Future validation should be performed in other populations to determine the practicability of this screening tool in sleep clinics and other at-risk populations.
Texting to Reduce Alcohol Misuse (TRAM): main findings from a randomized controlled trial of a text message intervention to reduce binge drinking among disadvantaged men

AIMS To test the effectiveness of a theoretically based text-message intervention to reduce binge drinking among socially disadvantaged men. DESIGN A multi-centre parallel group, pragmatic, individually randomized controlled trial. SETTING Community-based study conducted in four regions of Scotland. PARTICIPANTS A total of 825 men aged 25-44 years recruited from socially disadvantaged areas who had two or more episodes of binge drinking (> 8 UK units on a single occasion) in the preceding 28 days: 411 men were randomized to the intervention and 414 to the control. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR A series of 112 interactive text messages was delivered by mobile phone during a 12-week period. The intervention was structured around the Health Action Process Approach, a comprehensive model which allows integration of a range of evidence-based behaviour change techniques. The control group received 89 texts on general health, with no mention of alcohol or use of behaviour change techniques. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome measure was the proportion of men consuming > 8 units on three or more occasions (in the previous 28 days) at 12 months post-intervention. FINDINGS The proportion of men consuming > 8 units on three or more occasions (in the previous 28 days) was 41.5% in the intervention group and 47.8% in the control group. Formal analysis showed that there was no evidence that the intervention was effective [odds ratio (OR) = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57-1.08; absolute reduction 5.7%, 95% CI = -13.3 to 1.9]. The Bayes factor for this outcome was 1.3, confirming that the results were inconclusive. The retention was high and similar in intervention (84.9%) and control (86.5%) groups. Most men in the intervention group engaged with the text messages: almost all (92%) replied to text messages and 67% replied more than 10 times. CONCLUSIONS A theoretically based text-messaging intervention aimed at reducing binge drinking in disadvantaged men was not found to reduce prevalence of binge drinking at 12-month follow-up.
Heat generation and failure in padmount transformers due to zero sequence saturation

After a transformer failed following a double phase fault, there was an interest in understanding how the fault mechanism led to the failure. This paper investigate this fault condition in detail and demonstrate the underlying challenges in correcting the failure. The system electrical and thermal models were developed and simulated to analyze the transformer response under double phase fault conditions. Experimental measurements validated the simulation results on a real three phase distribution transformer. This paper presents the results from simulated and experimental analysis from double phase fault on a Yg-Yg distribution transformer.
An Evaluation of On-Call Otolaryngology Consultations: Assessing an Increasing Workload

Objective: This study compares the volume of on-call otolaryngology consultations in a tertiary care center over a 5-year period. The objective of this study was to identify changes in the volume of consultations in an inpatient setting. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed to determine the volume of consultations. The years 2010 and 2015 were the timepoints for the cross-sectional analysis. A review of electronic medical records was performed to identify all patients associated with the otolaryngology service from the emergency department, inpatient wards, and intensive care units. The primary outcome was the number of otolaryngology consultations per year. Results: The number of on-call consultations in 2010 was 992. In 2015, the number of on-call consultations was 2174. This represents a 120% increase in the number of consultations over a 5-year period (P < .001). Conclusion: There has been a significant increase in the volume of on-call otolaryngology consultations at our tertiary care center. This increase has the potential to adversely affect patient care. A better understanding of the cause of this increase may allow policymakers and health care practitioners to improve patient access, physician workloads, and resource allocation.
Isolated v‐lesion represents a benign phenotype of vascular rejection of the kidney allograft – a retrospective study

While the detrimental impact of the humoral acute vascular rejection (AVR) phenotype is recognized, the prognostic significance of isolated v‐lesion (IV) remains unclear. In this retrospective single‐centre study, AVR was found in 98 of 1015 patients (9.7%) who had undergone kidney transplantation in 2010–2014, with donor‐specific antibodies (DSA) evaluated in all of them. The outcome of four AVR phenotypes was evaluated during median follow‐up of 59 months; in 25 patients with IV, 18 with T‐cell‐mediated vascular rejection (TCMVR), 19 with antibody‐mediated vascular rejection (AMVR) and 36 with suspected antibody‐mediated rejection (sAMVR). AVR was diagnosed mainly by for‐cause biopsy (81%) early after transplantation (median 19 POD) and appeared as mild‐grade intimal arteritis. IV occurred in low‐sensitized patients after the first transplantation (96%) in the absence of DSA. IV responded satisfactorily to treatment (88%), showed no persistence of rejection in surveillance biopsy, and had stable graft function, minimal proteinuria and excellent DCGS (96%). Contrary to that, Kaplan–Meier estimate of 3‐year DCGS of AMVR was 66% (log‐rank = 0.0004). Early IV represents a benign phenotype of AVR with a favourable outcome. This study prompts further research to evaluate the nature of IV before considering any change in the classification and management.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Virulent Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. masoucida Strain RFAS1

ABSTRACT Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the pathogenic Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. masoucida strain RFAS1, isolated from black rockfish and showing signs of furunculosis. Sequencing with the PacBio platform yielded a circular chromosome of 4,783,004 bp and two plasmids (70,968 bp and 63,563 bp) harboring 4,411, 67, and 71 protein-coding genes, respectively.
Cervical pathways for racial disparities in preterm births: the Preterm Prediction Study

Abstract Purpose: Racial disparities in preterm birth have been long recognized, but the social and biological mechanisms for these differences are unclear. Our analysis had three goals: (1) to determine the relation between race and other social risk factors and cervical structure; (2) to determine whether social factors mediate the relation between race and cervical structure; and (3) to determine whether racial disparities in preterm birth (PTB) are mediated through changes in cervical structure observed earlier in pregnancy. Materials and methods: Data from the Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit network Preterm Prediction Study were used to examine the relation between race and other social factors and cervical properties throughout pregnancy in 2920 black and white women. Outcomes included cervical length and dilation; cervical score (cervical length–internal dilation); and whether membranes protruded at 22–24 and 26–29 weeks. Race, education, income, insurance type, and marital status were examined as predictors of the outcomes using linear and logistic regression, adjusting for age, BMI, parity, and smoking. Mediation analysis was used to examine whether (a) any social factors explained racial differences in cervical properties, and (b) whether cervical properties mediated racial differences in risk for preterm birth. Results: Shorter cervical length, especially at a subject’s first visit, was associated with black race (adjusted beta −1.56 mm, p < .01) and lower income (adjusted beta −1.48, p =.05). External dilation was not associated with social factors, while internal dilation was associated with black race and lower education. Black race and marital status were associated with lower cervical score. There was no evidence of mediation of the racial effect on cervical properties by any social factor. Shorter cervical length, dilation, and score were all associated with preterm birth (p < .01). Mediation analysis indicated that each of these mediated the effect of race, but explained a small proportion of the total effect (15–25%). Conclusions: Race, and, to a lesser extent, other social factors are correlated with adverse cervical properties. This pathway could explain a proportion of the racial disparity in preterm birth.
Fine-Grained and Real-Time Gesture Recognition by Using IMU Sensors

Gesture recognition by using Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors plays an important role in various Internet of Things (IOT) applications, e.g., smart home, intelligent medical system and so on. Traditional technologies usually utilize machine learning algorithms to train different gestures during the offline phase, then recognize the gesture during the online phase. However, such technologies cannot recognize these gestures without prior training. Even for the same gesture, with different gesture amplitude may result in unsuccessful recognition. Also if we change the person to perform the same gesture, the algorithms fails. In order to overcome these drawbacks, we propose an approach, which will be able to track the human body motion in real-time and also recognize complicated gestures. It utilizes the accelerometer information and proposes comprehensive localization algorithms for each deployed sensor attached on the human body. Then, it takes the correlation and limitation among body parts into account to recognize the gesture. Our experiments results show that, the successful recognition rate of our algorithm is 100%. Furthermore, any part of the human body can be well tracked, the tracking accuracy can reach <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.06m$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>. </mml:mo><mml:mn>06</mml:mn><mml:mi>m</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="liao-ieq1-3120475.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>.
Effect of deriving periosteal and endosteal contours from microCT scans on computation of cross‐sectional properties in non‐adults: the femur

Derivation of periosteal and endosteal contours taken from transversal long bone cross‐sections limits the accuracy of calculated biomechanical properties. Although several techniques are available for deriving both contours, the effect of these techniques on accuracy of calculated cross‐sectional properties in non‐adults is unknown. We examine a sample of 86 non‐adult femora from birth to 12 years of age to estimate the effect of error in deriving periosteal and endosteal contours on cross‐sectional properties. Midshaft cross‐sections were taken from microCT scans and contours were derived using manual, fully automatic, spline, and ellipse techniques. Agreement between techniques was assessed against manually traced periosteal and endosteal contours using percent prediction error (%PE), reduced major axis analysis, and limits of agreement. The %PEs were highest in the medullary area and lowest in the total area. Mean %PEs were sufficiently below the 5% level of acceptable error, except for medullary areas, but individual values can greatly exceed this 5% boundary given the high standard deviation of %PE means and wide minimum–maximum range of %PEs. Automatic processing produces greater errors than does combination with manual, spline, and ellipse processing. Although periosteal contour is estimated with stronger agreement compared with endosteal contour, error in deriving periosteal contour has a substantially greater effect on calculated section moduli than does error in deriving endosteal contours. We observed no size effect on the resulting bias. Nevertheless, cross‐sectional properties in a younger age category may be estimated with greater error compared with in an older age category. We conclude that non‐adult midshaft cross‐sectional properties can be derived from microCT scans of femoral diaphyses with mean error of < 5% and that derivation of endosteal contour can be simplified by the ellipse technique because fully automatic derivation of endosteal contour may increase the resulting error, especially in small samples.
Noncompliance in children having ADHD with varying degrees of oppositional/conduct disordered behaviour

The traditional behavioural model of noncompliance is unidimensional and measures noncompliance according to its frequency. In the past decade, developmental theorists have presented a multidimensional model of noncompliance that underlines the importance of evaluating the quality rather than the quantity of noncompliance. This study examined the type and frequency of noncompliant behaviour in 140 boys having Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with oppositional/conduct disordered behaviour. The data on boys' noncompliant behaviours were coded from videotaped mother-son interactions during a clean up task. A factor analysis indicated that there were three types of noncompliance: Least skilled noncompliance, semi-skilled noncompliance, and most skilled noncompliance. Pearson correlation coefficients examining the relationship between the proportion of the types of noncompliance and maternal ratings of oppositional/conduct disordered behaviour indicated that only semi-skilled noncompliance was related to maternal ratings of oppositional/conduct disordered behaviour. Correlations between maternal ratings of oppositional/conduct disordered behaviour and two measures of the frequency of noncompliance indicated a trend for a positive correlation with one of the measures. It is suggested that a unified measure of noncompliance consisting of both the quantity and quality of child noncompliant behaviour may provide a more meaningful account of ADHD children with oppositional/conduct disordered behaviour.
Cometabolic mineralization of benzo[a]pyrene caused by hydrocarbon additions to soil

The mineralization of [7‐14C]benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in soil was investigated in response to additions of individual hydrocarbons, defined hydrocarbon mixtures, crude oil, and crude oil fractions. Neither substantial BaP mineralization nor enrichment of BaP degraders occurred in BaP—spiked soil in the absence of a suitable hydrocarbon supplement. Crude oil, the saturated and aromatic class components of crude oil, the distillates heating oil, jet fuel, and diesel fuel supported up to 60% mineralization of 80 μg [7‐14C]BaP per gram of soil in 40 d. Neither single hydrocarbons nor defined hydrocarbon mixtures containing normal and branched alkanes, alicyclics, and aromatics supported comparable BaP mineralization. Evolution of 14CO2 occurred after lag periods characteristic to specific petroleum products and their concentrations. Time required for microbial proliferation, hydrocarbon toxicity, and competitive inhibition might have contributed to these lag periods, but the complete inhibition of BaP mineralization by dieselfuel vapors pointed to a dominant role of competitive inhibition. A lack of radiocarbon incorporation into soil biomass from [7‐14C]BaP indicated that at least the initial steps of BaP biodegradation in soil were cometabolic in nature. Suitable hydrocarbon mixtures not only supported BaP mineralization by serving as primary substrates, but also enhanced BaP bioavailability by dissolving this hydrophobic solid.
Energy-efficient write circuit in STT-MRAM based look-up table (LUT) using comparison write scheme

In this paper, the circuit is proposed that selectively changes the memory required to perform a write operation in a LUT composed of several spin-torque transfer magnetic RAM(STT-MRAM)s. When write a new data in the STT-MRAM LUT, unnecessary energy is consumed because the write operation is performed even though the data is the equal as the previous one. To overcome this problem, a comparison write scheme is proposed. The energy consumption is smaller than previous circuit's in [1], when 45 or less data is written again based on the 6bit-LUT having 64 memory cells.