Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Kudumbasree on Women Empowerment - a Study

Empowerment of women and their participation in the development process has been considered an essential feature of development. It is presumed that real development is possible only if the women and men work in equal terms. Gender equality and empowerment of women is recognized globally as a key element to achieve progress in all areas. Rural women are regarded as voiceless and defenseless. Raping cases are appearing in the newspapers every day. Even politicians are not supporting them. So they are to be empowered to fight against the evils faced by them. Kudumbasree project was started in Kerala in 1998. Women empowerment is one of the important objectives of Kudumbasree along with poverty eradication. The aim of the Kudumbashree scheme is to improve the standard of living of poor women in rural areas by setting up micro-credit and productive enterprises. It opened a new string of expected events in our development history Kudumbasree is the poverty eradication mission of the state of Kerala. It is a community based self help initiative involving poor women. Kudumbashree was conceived as a joint programme of the Government of Kerala and NABARD implemented through Community Development Societies of Poor Women, serving as the community wing of Local Governments . As per documents associated with Kudumbashree, women want to identify their inner strength, opportunities for growth and their role in reshaping their own destiny. Thirteen years are so far covered by this programme. The main objective of this paper is to know to what extend this programme has influenced the rural women for their empowerment. Kerala is considered as literate state compared with all the states of our country. The study indicates that majority of the members of Kudumbasree units are working on daily wages and their total income is low. The women empowerment has achieved only a limited extend by Kudumbasree members.
Macroinvertebrates assembly in a patchy environment: centrality measures for the spatial network of detritus-based communities

Spatial patterns influence the persistence of populations and communities, giving useful insights on the mechanisms that confer robustness to ecological networks. The mechanisms that regulate the spatial distribution of species are related to the ability of populations to respond to spatio-temporal variations of ecological conditions, contributing to network structure and dynamic of persisting communities. We applied the framework of complex network to study the colonization process of Phragmites australis leaf detritus in six different pools in the patchy aquatic environment of Tarquinia saltern (central Italy). We used the colonization data of macroinvertebrates on leaf detritus assigning a link between two taxa if they shared a common pool, and measured their positional importance within the network. We found high clustering and short path lenght among nodes that is representative of small-world pattern, showing the relationship between robustness and nodes synchronicity in network attachment dynamics. Here we show how the identification of local (individual use of substrates by macroinvertebrates) and global (network properties) patterns in community structure could be the key to better understand the ecology, evolution and management of complex ecological network.
Projected impacts of climate change on marine fish and fisheries

This paper reviews current literature on the projected effects of climate change on marine fish and shellfish, their fisheries, and fishery-dependent communities throughout the northern hemisphere. The review addresses the following issues: (i) expected impacts on ecosystem productivity and habitat quantity and quality; (ii) impacts of changes in production and habitat on marine fish and shellfish species including effects on the community species composition, spatial distributions, interactions, and vital rates of fish and shellfish; (iii) impacts on fisheries and their associated communities; (iv) implications for food security and associated changes; and (v) uncertainty and modelling skill assessment. Climate change will impact fish and shellfish, their fisheries, and fishery-dependent communities through a complex suite of linked processes. Integrated interdisciplinary research teams are forming in many regions to project these complex responses. National and international marine research organizations serve a key role in the coordination and integration of research to accelerate the production of projections of the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems and to move towards a future where relative impacts by region could be compared on a hemispheric or global level. Eight research foci were identified that will improve the projections of climate impacts on fish, fisheries, and fishery-dependent communities.
Genetic Diversity in Blackgram ( Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper

Forty genotypes of blackgram were grouped into seven clusters. Cluster I contained 15 genotypes, followed by nine in cluster IV, eight in cluster II, four in cluster III, two in cluster VI and one each in cluster V and VII. Highest intra-cluster D2 value was observed for cluster I, followed by cluster IV. The maximum inter-cluster D2 value was observed between cluster II and IV, followed by III and VI. The cluster means estimated for 12 characters revealed that the cluster II with eight genotypes had the lowest mean value for days to 50% flowering and maturity. Genotypes in cluster IV showed highest mean value for seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield per plant and protein content.
Antihyperglycemic Activity of Exopolysaccharide Produced by Mushroom Pleurotus ferulae with Submerged Liquid Culture on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

The production of many edible and medicinal mushrooms has been steadily increasing, because of several of their physiological effects. In the present study, we investigated the antihyperglycemic activity of large exopolysaccharide molecules (PSF), which are produced in the fermented broth of ferula mushroom Pleurotus ferulae, on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. All experimental rats were divided into 6 groups consist of 8 rats. The diabetic rats were fed a diet containing PSF for 6 weeks at a dose of 30 mg (PSFL-group), 90 mg (PSFM-group), or 250 mg/kg body weight (PSFH-group) daily, respectively. The fasting blood glucose level of the PSFH-group was the lowest among all 3 PSF-fed groups. Insulin levels increased and HbA1c levels decreased significantly for the three PSF-fed groups in comparison with negative control group during period of breeding. The PSFH-group’s low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were lower than those of other groups. A dose-dependent effect revealed that the exopolysaccharide of P. ferulae might mitigate hyperglycemia at the highest dose of 250 mg/kg body weight.
Multiline Observations of Molecular Bullets from a High-mass Protostar

We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations in the CO J = 3–2, SiO J = 5–4 and 8–7, and SO 98–87 lines, as well as Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment observations in the CO J = 6–5 line, of an extremely high-velocity and jet-like outflow in high-mass star-forming region HH 80–81. The outflow is known to contain two prominent molecular bullets, namely B1 and B2, discovered from our previous SMA CO J = 2–1 observations. While B1 is detected in all the CO, SiO, and SO lines, B2 is only detected in CO lines. The CO 3–2/2–1 line ratio in B1 is clearly greater than that in B2. We perform a large velocity gradient analysis of the CO lines and derive a temperature of 70–210 K for B1 and 20–50 K for B2. Taking into account the differences in the velocity, distance from the central source, excitation conditions, and chemistry between the two bullets, we suggest that the bullets are better explained by direct ejections from the innermost vicinity of the central high-mass protostar, and that we are more likely observing the molecular component of a primary wind rather than entrained or swept-up material from the ambient cloud. These findings further support our previous suggestions that the molecular bullets indicate an episodic, disk-mediated accretion in the high-mass star formation process.
The Risk of Financial Crises: Does it Involve Real or Financial Factors?

The recent financial crisis appears to point to credit booms as the most important driver of crises. However, could macroeconomic factors such as income inequality potentially be the real root cause of financial crises? We explore a broad variety of financial and macroeconomic variables and employ a general-to-specific model selection process to find the most reliable predictors of financial crises in 14 developed countries over a period of more than 100 years. Our in-sample results indicate that income inequality has predictive power in addition to and above loan growth and several other financial variables. Out-of-sample forecasts for individual predictors in different time periods show that their predictive power tends to vary considerably over time, but income inequality yields individual predictive power in each forecasting period.
Population trends of the Finnish starling Sturnus vulgaris, 1952-1998, as inferred from annual ringing totals

Finnish starling populations have declined, a phenomenon fi rst noted towards the end of the 1970s. Here we use national ringing totals to estimate changes in the starling population. However, the numbers ringed depend not only on the population size but also on yearly variations in ringing activities. Thus, it was necessary to correct these totals based on the records of other ringed passerines. In this study, we used a Monte Carlo simulation based on time series regressions for the estimation of confi dence of indices. The results suggest that the population size from the early 1970s to the 1990s was signifi cantly smaller than in the 1950s and 1960s. It was concluded that (i) the population was fairly stable in the period 1952–1970, (ii) the population started a consistent decline around 1970, and (iii) the population declined by approximately 90% in the period 1970–1985.
FEATURES OF ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY REPRESENTATIVES’ INTERCULTURAL UNIVERSALS

Issues of intercultural universals among different ethnic and cultural groups’ representatives are becoming very relevant in various branches of scientific and applied knowledge. Religion is one of the factors of intercultural distance, which many ethnic psychologists stress in their research. On the other hand the features of intercultural universals among representatives of different religious groups are studied very little. The goal of the study is to consider intercultural universals and their degree among representatives of two religions: Islam and Christianity. To achieve this goal, we chose the following methods: diagnostics of the Cultural-Value Differential of a personality (CVD, G. Soldatova, S.Ryzhova), diagnostics of basic beliefs (World Assumption Scale, WAS, Janoff-Bulman), diagnostics on cultural preferences in the context of the universal “Individualism-Collectivism” (IC, M.Telepov, N.Telepova). The results of the study revealed that Christians and Muslims have a lot in common in manifestations of intercultural universals, which means that representatives of these religions have a serious basis for dialogue and building relationships. Statistically significant differences were found in terms of benevolence of world and self-control (according to diagnostics on the WAS). Statistically significant differences were also found in terms of peacefulness and openness among Christians (according to diagnostics of the cultural-value differential of a personality).
A Review on Extracting and Matching Speech Signals for Speech Recognition using different Tools and Techniques

: In this paper we reviewed about speech recognition which is becoming an important concept and so it is necessary to take it into consideration. Text dependent and text independent speech signals can be recognized by using different methods and tools. Methods used can be Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Linear Pulse Code Modulation (LPCM) etc. These methods are used for feature extraction and matching of the audio data. The different tools used like Weka and audio file converter. They are mainly used because of their data compressing feature and maintaining the originality of the voice signals. Different features like pitch contours, harmonic features, frequency band analysis etc. are extracted from the audio signals and then are matched with different classifiers. Training testing of the audio signals contains testing of different phonemes and features.
Optical tweezing beam control using liquid crystal adaptive optical elements

Liquid crystal (LC) adaptive optical elements are described, which provide an alternative to existing micropositioning technologies in optical tweezing. A full description of this work is given in [1]. An adaptive LC prism supplies tip/tilt to the phase profile of the trapping beam, giving rise to an available steering radius within the x-y plane of 10 μm. Additionally, a modally addressed adaptive LC lens provides defocus, offering a z-focal range for the trapping site of 100 μm. The result is full three-dimensional positional control of trapped particle(s) using a simple and wholly electronic control system. Compared to competing technologies, these devices provide a lower degree of controllability, but have the advantage of simplicity, cost and light efficiency. Furthermore, due to their birefringence, LC elements offer the opportunity of the creation of dual optical traps with controllable depth and separation.
Adaptive embedded unstructured grid methods

A simple embedded domain method for node‐based unstructured grid solvers is presented. The key modification of the original, edge‐based solver is to remove all geometry‐parameters (essentially the normals) belonging to edges cut by embedded surface faces. Several techniques to improve the treatment of boundary points close to the immersed surfaces are explored. Alternatively, higher‐order boundary conditions are achieved by duplicating crossed edges and their endpoints. Adaptive mesh refinement based on proximity to or the curvature of the embedded CSD surfaces is used to enhance the accuracy of the solution. User‐defined or automatic deactivation for the regions inside immersed solid bodies is employed to avoid unnecessary work. Several examples are included that show the viability of this approach for inviscid and viscous, compressible and incompressible, steady and unsteady flows, as well as coupled fluid–structure problems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimising the Design of Fe0-Based Filtration Systems for Water Treatment: The Suitability of Porous Iron Composites

This study assessed the functionality of metallic iron (Fe 0 ) filtration systems using porous iron composite (PIC) as an alternative to granular Fe 0 /aggregate mixtures. The usage of PIC for water treatment has many challenges which are related to the well-drained nature of highly porous filters and the corresponding increase in hydraulic conductivity (shorter contact time). In this article, the extent of (i) iron exhaustion and (ii) porosity loss in four filtration systems are critically discussed. The considered filtration systems are: (i) Fe 0 alone, (ii) PIC alone, (iii) Fe 0 /sand and (iv) Fe 0 /pumice. In all four systems, mono-sized granular spherical particles are assumed. Sand and Fe 0 are compact (f = 0 %) whereas PIC and pumice are porous (e.g. f = 40 %). Results demonstrated that under anoxic conditions (Fe 3 O 4 as major corrosion products) Fe 0 depletion is possible in all systems except Fe 0 alone. Under oxic conditions (e.g. formation of Fe(OH) 3 ), the PIC system exhibited the highest level of Fe 0 depletion (58 %). The increasing order of sustainability was: Fe 0 < Fe 0 /sand < Fe 0 /PM < PIC. These results suggested that manufacturing PIC with defined porosity and intrinsic reactivity is the key for more efficient usage of Fe 0 for environmental remediation and water treatment.
Does mood induction elicit emotion recognition biases? : an empirical study with implications for depression research

5 Literature Review . 7 Treatment Approaches . 7 Psychopharmacology . 7 Psychotherapy . 9 Dualism and a false dichotomy . 11 The cognitive neuropsychological model. 12 Cognitive Biases in Depression . 15 Emotion recognition biases . 16 What do Emotion Recognition Biases Mean? 20 Incidental mood and emotion recognition . 20 Method . 22 Materials and Apparatus . 23 YSQ-S3 Dimehsion Reduction . 42 Schemas and Emotion Recognition in Neutral Group . 43 Vocal emotion recognition . 44 Facial emotion recognition . 44 Musical emotion recognition . 44 Overall schema levels and emotion recognition . 44 Global Schema levels and Emotion Recognition . 44 Emotion Recognition Insight . 45 Group differences . 45 Insight. 45 Discussion . 46 Validity of Sample . 47 Mood Induction and Persistence . 4 7
History and Educational Potential of LEGO Mindstorms NXT

Educational usage of the robotics has accelerated recently because of educational potential of robotics has been recognized by educators and popularity of international robotics tournaments. Many university and schools prepare technology and robotics related summer schools for children. LEGO Mindstorms NXT is the most popular and commonly used robotics set for educational purposes. These robot sets rooted to Seymour Papert’s LOGO studies which have much influence Instructional Technology in 1960’s. This study aims to present a literature review on educational potential of LEGO Mindstorms NXT robotics sets. Robotics mainly used in education for supporting the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education. Most of the related studies resulted with positive effects of the robotics activities in STEM education. Robotics also used in education to increase some skills of the children such as discovery learning, critical thinking and social skills.
The Impact of Technological Change on Older Workers: Evidence from Data on Computers

This paper explores the impact on older workers of new technologies that change skill requirements. Older workers, with older skills and less skills than prime-age workers, will suffer in comparison. Furthermore, if skill acquisition is costly, older workers have less incentive to acquire new skills because they have a shorter time horizon until retirement. Several data sets show that the rate of computer use is surprisingly flat over most ages but declines for the oldest workers. The evolution of computer use suggests that most workers, old or young, learn to use computers as needed, and further that older workers use computers less not because they are old, but because they are nearing retirement. In turn, we might expect older workers who do not use computers to retire sooner. In the Health and Retirement Survey non-computer users were 25% more likely to leave work between 1992 and 1996. Instrumental variables estimates, which aim to control for the impact of retirement plans on computer use, do not yield conclusive results, but they suggest that computer use lowers the retirement probability, especially for 55-59 year olds.
Non-Destructive Electrical Methods to Determine the Quality of Concrete

There is a great need to explore and develop non-destructive testing methods of concrete to ensure proper curing and it possesses required strength in construction and in service. Limited experiments using electrical methods have been reported in the literature to explore the relationship between the electrical properties and quality of concrete. This study was designed to develop experimental methods that employ the relationship between the electrical and mechanical properties of cement concrete. Concrete is an insulating material from the electrical point of view and large volume of theory and experimental techniques are available to study the insulating properties of materials used in electrical and electronic equipments. This study was oriented to examine whether those theories and experimental techniques, could be applied to concrete, with suitable modifications to its specific nature and properties. To facilitate this objective, several equivalent circuits were investigated to represent concrete as an insulating material. Simple measurement of resistivity alone has been undertaken by several previous investigators and it was felt, as confirmed by our own investigations, that this information is not sensitive enough. Therefore, a more sophisticated method based on fundamental electrical theory was developed. These experiments, conclusions drawn, proposal for a diagnostic method and possibility of future developments are discussed in this paper.
Role of protected area in conserving the population and genetic structure of economically important bamboo species

Due to widely expanding threats to the forests, protected areas may offer the best approach and prospect to conserve the biological diversity. However, there have been few studies that have emphatically demonstrated the role of protected areas in conserving the genetic diversity of plant species. We examined the population structure and genetic diversity of two economically important bamboo species, Bambusa arundinacea and Dendrocalamus strictus, in the core, buffer and the peripheral regions of the Biligiri Ranganathaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (BRTWS) at central Western Ghats, India. Our results indicate that the proportion of human disturbance on both the bamboo species were significantly less in the core and buffer regions of the BRTWS as compared to periphery. In both the bamboo species, the core and buffer regions maintained a better population stand. The frequency distribution of the genetic similarity indices of the core populations were found to be more widely distributed as compared to the peripheral populations. Our results strongly indicate the relevance of protected areas in maintaining the population structure and the genetic diversity of economically important plants such as bamboos that are otherwise prone to heavy extraction pressures.