Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Association between ABCG2 421C>A (rs2231142) Polymorphism and Rosuvastatin Pharmacokinetics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Although several studies have revealed the association between rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics and the ABCG2 421C>A (rs2231142) polymorphism, most studies were conducted with small sample sizes, making it challenging to apply the findings clinically. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to perform a meta-analysis of the relationship between the ABCG2 421C>A polymorphism and rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics. We searched three electronic databases, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science, using search terms related to ABCG2 gene polymorphisms and rosuvastatin. In addition, we reviewed studies published before 12 August 2021, to examine the relationship between the ABCG2 421C>A polymorphism and rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics. To examine the magnitude of the association, the log geometric mean difference (lnGM) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and interpreted as the antilogarithm of a natural logarithm (elnGM). The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager (version 5.4) and R Studio (version 4.0.2). Subgroup analysis was performed according to race and the types of mean values. Among the 318 identified studies, a total of 8 studies involving 423 patients is included in this meta-analysis. The A allele carriers of ABCG2 421C>A showed 1.5 times higher in both AUC0-∞ (lnGM = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.35–0.50; p < 0.00001) and Cmax (lnGM = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.33–0.51; p < 0.00001) than non-carriers, while there was no significant difference in Tmax and half-life. There was no significance in the pharmacokinetic parameters of the subgroups using either ethnicity or mean values. This meta-analysis demonstrates that subjects carrying the A allele of ABCG2 421C>A show significantly increased AUC0-∞ and Cmax values compared to subjects with the CC genotype. Therefore, information about ABCG2 genotypes might be useful for individualized rosuvastatin therapy.
VIRTUAL REALITY AND CAPTURED REALITY FOR CULTURAL LANDSCAPE COMMUNICATION

Abstract. In the last twenty years, the process of digitization of art and cultural heritage in general has undergone considerable developments pursuing purposes of conservation and analysis, first, but also of dissemination and knowledge of the works themselves or of the sites of historical - archaeological – architectural interest. For years, museums and archaeological sites have begun to digitize their assets to make them usable on online platforms. In this way, multiple high-resolution digital archives and virtual reconstructions of the sites were born that provide immersive experiences to the user. Above all, the latter stimulate the cinematographic and videogame industries to continuous research to improve the immersive and interactive experience, thanks to the use of virtual reality devices applied to increasingly detailed digital models, in some cases obtained thanks to the most modern detection instruments.
HNF1A POU Domain Mutations Found in Japanese Liver Cancer Patients Cause Downregulation of HNF4A Promoter Activity with Possible Disruption in Transcription Networks

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A) is the master regulator of liver homeostasis and organogenesis and regulates many aspects of hepatocyte functions. It acts as a tumor suppressor in the liver, evidenced by the increased proliferation in HNF1A knockout (KO) hepatocytes. Hence, we postulated that any loss-of-function variation in the gene structure or composition (mutation) could trigger dysfunction, including disrupted transcriptional networks in liver cells. From the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database of cancer genomes, we identified several HNF1A mutations located in the functional Pit-Oct-Unc (POU) domain. In our biochemical analysis, we found that the HNF1A POU-domain mutations Y122C, R229Q and V259F suppressed HNF4A promoter activity and disrupted the binding of HNF1A to its target HNF4A promoter without any effect on the nuclear localization. Our results suggest that the decreased transcriptional activity of HNF1A mutants is due to impaired DNA binding. Through structural simulation analysis, we found that a V259F mutation was likely to affect DNA interaction by inducing large conformational changes in the N-terminal region of HNF1A. The results suggest that POU-domain mutations of HNF1A downregulate HNF4A gene expression. Therefore, to mimic the HNF1A mutation phenotype in transcription networks, we performed siRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) of HNF4A. Through RNA-Seq data analysis for the HNF4A KD, we found 748 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 311 genes were downregulated (e.g., HNF1A, ApoB and SOAT2) and 437 genes were upregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) mapping revealed that the DEGs were involved in several signaling pathways (e.g., lipid and cholesterol metabolic pathways). Protein–protein network analysis suggested that the downregulated genes were related to lipid and cholesterol metabolism pathways, which are implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Our study demonstrates that mutations of HNF1A in the POU domain result in the downregulation of HNF1A target genes, including HNF4A, and this may trigger HCC development through the disruption of HNF4A–HNF1A transcriptional networks.
Colonic Function Investigations in Children: Review by the ESPGHAN Motility Working Group.

ABSTRACT Disorders of colonic motility, most often presenting as constipation, comprise one of the commonest causes of outpatient visits in paediatric gastroenterology. This review, discussed and created by the ESPGHAN Motility Working Group, is a practical guide, which highlights the recent advances in pediatric colonic motility testing including indications, technical principles of the tests, patient preparation, performance and basis of the results' analysis of the tests. Classical methods, such as colonic transit time (CTT) with radiopaque markers and colonic scintigraphy, as well as manometry and novel techniques, such as wireless motility capsule and electromagnetic capsule tracking systems are discussed.
Eigenvalue and Eigenvector Expansions for Image Reconstruction

In medical imaging modality, such as X-ray computerized tomography, image reconstruction from projection is to produce the density distribution within the human body from estimates of its line integrals along a finite number of lines of known locations. Generalized Analytic Reconstruction from Discrete Samples (GARDS) can be derived by the Singular Value Decomposition analysis. In this paper, by discretizing the image reconstruction problem, we applied GARDS to the problem and evaluated the image quality. We have computed the condition number in the case of changing the views and the normalized mean square error in the case of changing the views and the number of the eigenvectors. We have showed that the error decreases with increasing the number of eigenvectors and the number of views.
In Vitro Culture of Eremurus spectabilis (Liliaceae), a Rare Ornamental and Medicinal Plant, through Root Explants

Eremurus spectabilis M. Bieb, a perennial herbaceous wild species, is commonly used in the horticultural, ornamental, and pharmaceutical markets. Studies on the tissue culture systems for this species would be beneficial for mass multiplication as well as for future breeding programs. An in vitro propagation technique was established here using tuberous root explants as unique and responsive starting materials for culture initiation. The proliferated calli were sub-cultured on shoot proliferation media and regenerated microshoots were assessed. The shoot proliferation rate, leaf number, leaf length, and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were recorded. The highest callus induction per explant (76.67%), callus dry weight (10.25 mg), callus firmness ratio (3.97), and callus color intensity ratio (2.83) were observed in explants inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10.0 mgL−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest shoot proliferation rates were obtained when calli were sub-cultured on MS or Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) basal media supplemented with 2.0 mgL−1 BAP. The half-strength MS medium fortified with 4.0% sucrose + 2.0 mgL−1 indole butyric acid (IBA) + 200 mgL−1 activated charcoal was a superior combination for root emergence and rooting parameters. Regenerated plantlets were then successfully adapted to ex vitro conditions. The reported protocol can be exploited at a commercial scale following minor modification, or could be beneficial in the production of secondary metabolites in bioreactors where callus is required as fresh plant material.
UNDERSTANDING MALAYSIAN HOUSEHOLD WASTE SEPARATION: AN EXTENDED THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR

The strike of COVID-19 in March 2020 has caused the implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO) and lockdown by the Malaysian government. As a consequence, MCO has changed Malaysians' norms. Many Malaysians have become compulsive online buyers and the food waste issue has occurred due to the problem of over-purchasing. This study intends to extend the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in influencing waste separation among households. This study investigates the influence of descriptive norms, personal norms, and cognition of consequences towards the intention to separate waste. This research used a quantitative online survey and convenience sampling. A final and valid sample of 300 households was analysed using Pearson correlation. This research indicates that descriptive norms and cognition of consequences significantly influence the intention of Malaysian households to separate waste. On the other hand, personal norms do not have an influence on the waste separation intention. Therefore, the government, local authorities, related agencies, and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) should ensure that the Malaysian public is aware of the importance of protecting the environment. This study is unique since many studies have focused on the recycling intentions and behaviour and this study is among new and pioneer studies that apply the extended TPB in investigating the determinants of household waste separation in Malaysia during the pandemic COVID-19.
Discovery of Effective Spectrum for Classifying iPS Cells Taken with CARS Microscope

There is a technique using the CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering) microscope to identify iPS cells. CARS microscope can visualize the different molecular structures of iPS cells in each spectrum, so it is possible to identify iPS cells without destroying them. However, the information on molecules in the spectrum obtained by the CARS microscope is so diverse that it takes a great deal of time and effort to identify them. We propose a method to automatically identify the spectrum, which is effective for iPS cell identification, thereby reducing the time and effort required for identification using the CARS microscope. In this paper, we propose a network that handles multi-resolution information in parallel to learn both image classification and segmentation simultaneously. Moreover, the effective spectrum for classifying iPS cells are discovered by using the network gradients and the F-measure for cell segmentation. By the experiments on four kinds of iPS cells, we confirmed that the accuracy of the proposed method for classifying iPS cells achieved 99%. Furthermore, the effective spectrum for each iPS cell could be automatically identified.
Immunohistochemical and mutational status of telomerase reverse transcriptase in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma

Purpose: Mutations in human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) are associated with increased telomerase activity in cutaneous melanomas. Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, also referred to as ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma, is cancer on the surface of the eye. Recent studies have identified UV signature mutations in TERT promoters in ocular melanoma and ocular surface squamous neoplasia. However, its immunohistochemical status has not been reported in ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma. This study aimed to explore the immunohistochemical and mutational status of TERT in ocular surface SCC. Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of TERT and mutational status of TERT promoter was evaluated in 19 ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma cases. Conjunctival melanoma tissue was used as a positive control. Results: The cytoplasmic overexpression of TERT was detected in 11/19 (57%), and TERT promoter mutations were identified in 6/19 (31%) of ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma. Out of these, 66% had a C228T mutation, and 33% had a C250T mutation. The TERT expression was found to be associated with a high (≥T3) AJCC category (P = 0.023), and TERT immunoexpression was significantly correlated with reduced disease-free survival (P = 0.024, log-rank analysis) in ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma patients. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that TERT promoter mutations with UV signatures are frequent in ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma. The increased expression of TERT could be of biological significance in aggressive ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma.
Artificial Intelligence for Risk Prediction of End-Stage Renal Disease in Sepsis Survivors with Chronic Kidney Disease

Sepsis may lead to kidney function decline in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the deleterious effect may persist in patients who survive sepsis. We used a machine learning approach to predict the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in sepsis survivors. A total of 11,661 sepsis survivors were identified from a single-center database of 112,628 CKD patients between 2010 and 2018. During a median follow-up of 3.5 years, a total of 1366 (11.7%) sepsis survivors developed ESRD after hospital discharge. We adopted the random forest, extra trees, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) algorithms to predict the risk of ESRD development among these patients. GBDT yielded the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.879, followed by LGBM (0.868), and extra trees (0.865). The GBDT model revealed the strong effect of estimated glomerular filtration rates <25 mL/min/1.73 m2 at discharge in predicting ESRD development. In addition, hemoglobin and proteinuria were also essential predictors. Based on a large-scale dataset, we established a machine learning model computing the risk for ESRD occurrence among sepsis survivors with CKD. External validation is required to evaluate the generalizability of this model.
The R369 Myosin Residue within Loop 4 Is Critical for Actin Binding and Muscle Function in Drosophila

The myosin molecular motor interacts with actin filaments in an ATP-dependent manner to yield muscle contraction. Myosin heavy chain residue R369 is located within loop 4 at the actin-tropomyosin interface of myosin’s upper 50 kDa subdomain. To probe the importance of R369, we introduced a histidine mutation of that residue into Drosophila myosin and implemented an integrative approach to determine effects at the biochemical, cellular, and whole organism levels. Substituting the similarly charged but bulkier histidine residue reduces maximal actin binding in vitro without affecting myosin ATPase activity. R369H mutants exhibit impaired flight ability that is dominant in heterozygotes and progressive with age in homozygotes. Indirect flight muscle ultrastructure is normal in mutant homozygotes, suggesting that assembly defects or structural deterioration of myofibrils are not causative of reduced flight. Jump ability is also reduced in homozygotes. In contrast to these skeletal muscle defects, R369H mutants show normal heart ultrastructure and function, suggesting that this residue is differentially sensitive to perturbation in different myosin isoforms or muscle types. Overall, our findings indicate that R369 is an actin binding residue that is critical for myosin function in skeletal muscles, and suggest that more severe perturbations at this residue may cause human myopathies through a similar mechanism.
Identification of key biomarkers and immune infiltration in renal interstitial fibrosis

Background Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the common final pathway that mediates almost all progressive renal diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of RIF have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the etiology of RIF and identify the key targets and immune infiltration patterns of RIF. Methods Ribonucleic acid (RNA)-seq data of RIF and normal samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to screen relevant modules associated with RIF. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the RIF and normal samples were identified using the limma package. Machine learning methods were used to identify hub gene signatures related to RIF. Further biochemical approaches including quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry experiments were performed to verify the hub signatures in the RIF samples. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to analyze the proportions of 28 immune cells in RIF and normal samples. Results WGCNA showed 121 RIF-related genes. A total of 523 DEGs were found between the RIF and normal samples. By overlapping these genes, we obtained 78 RIF-related genes, which were mainly enriched in Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways associated with immunity and inflammation. Integrative analysis of machine learning methods showed prominin 1 (PROM1), tryptophan aspartate-containing coat protein (CORO1A), interferon-stimulated exonuclease gene 20 (ISG20), and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) as hub gene signatures in RIF. Further, receiver operating curve (ROC) curves implied the diagnostic role of ISG20 and CORO1A in RIF. The expression levels of ISG20 and CORO1A were significantly higher in fibrotic tubular cells and renal tissues based on biochemical approaches. The immune microenvironment was found to be markedly altered in the RIF samples, as 21 differentially infiltrated immune cells (DIICs) were found between RIF and normal samples. Conclusions This study is the first to find that ISG20 and CORO1A are key biomarkers and to examine the landscape of immune infiltration in RIF. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms and treatment of patients with RIF.
Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Detection by Combined Recurrent Neural Network and Feature Extraction on ECG Signals

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AFib) or intermittent atrial fibrillation is one type of atrial fibrillation which occurs rapidly and stops spontaneously within days. Its episodes can last several seconds, hours, or even days before returning to normal sinus rhythm. A lack of intervention may lead the paroxysmal into persistent atrial fibrillation, causing severe risk to human health. However, due to its intermittent characteristics, it is generally neglected by patients. Therefore, real-time monitoring and accurate automatic algorithms are highly needed for early screening. This study proposes a two-stage algorithm, including a BiLSTM network to classify healthy and atrial fibrillation, followed by a feature-extraction-based neural network (NN) to identify the persistent, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation onsets. The extracted features include the entropy and standard deviation of the RR intervals. The two steps can achieve 90.14% and 92.56% accuracy in the validation sets on small segments. This overall algorithm also has the advantage of the low computing load, which shows a high potential for a portable embedded device.
A Study on the Relationships Among Personality Traits, Gender and Customer Knowledge Preferences

Empirical evidence suggests that an enterprise can obtain knowledge related to new demands about products or services through interactions with customers, which can be helpful references leading to the enhancement of customer satisfaction and loyalty. However, little is known about the antecedents of customer knowledge preferences. Therefore, this study begins with a literature review followed by the use of a questionnaire method to investigate the relationships among personality traits, gender and customer knowledge preferences. Results indicate that three of the five personality traits, as measured by the Big-5 factors of personality, contribute to explain customer knowledge preferences. Gender has a moderating effect on the traits of emotional stability and customer knowledge preferences.
Research on the aerodynamic characteristics of a lift drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbine

Compared with a drag-type vertical axis wind turbines, one of the greatest advantages for a lift-type vertical axis wind turbines is its higher power coefficient (Cp). However, the lift-type vertical axis wind turbines is not a self-starting turbine as its starting torque is very low. In order to combine the advantage of both the drag-type and the lift-type vertical axis wind turbines, a lift drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbines was designed in this article and its aerodynamics and starting performance was studied in detail with the aid of computational fluid dynamics simulations. Numerical results indicate that the power coefficient of this lift drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbines declines when the distance between its drag-type blades and the center of rotation of the turbine rotor increases, whereas its starting torque can be significantly improved. Studies also show that unlike the lift-type vertical axis wind turbines, this lift drag hybrid-type vertical axis wind turbines could be able to solve the problem of low start-up torque. However, the installation position of the drag blade is very important. If the drag blade is mounted very close to the spindle, the starting torque of the lift drag hybrid-type vertical axis wind turbines may not be improved at all. In addition, it has been found that the power coefficient of the studied vertical axis wind turbines is not as good as expected and possible reasons have been provided in this article after the pressure distribution along the surfaces of the airfoil-shaped blades of the hybrid turbine was analyzed.
An Updated Overview of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Brain Iron in Movement Disorders

Brain iron load is one of the most important neuropathological hallmarks in movement disorders. Specifically, the iron provides most of the paramagnetic metal signals in the brain and its accumulation seems to play a key role, although not completely explained, in the degeneration of the basal ganglia, as well as other brain structures. Moreover, iron distribution patterns have been implicated in depicting different movement disorders. This work reviewed current literature on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Brain Iron Detection and Quantification (MRI-BIDQ) in neurodegenerative processes underlying movement disorders.
Mass customisation of interior textiles via digital printing

This report documents the work undertaken by three Rochdale companies, Acton & Acton Ltd, Direct Textile Imaging Ltd., and J. Clegg & Bros. Ltd., in collaboration with Manchester Metropolitan University and facilitated by Business Link North Manchester. At the outset of the work, it had been established that the 3 companies had, between them, the core skills for developing a mass-customisation route for interior textiles. Thirteen major milestones were identified for the work and this report documents the achievements of the project team.