Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overview of Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System PHITS

A general purpose Monte Carlo Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System, PHITS, is being developed through the collaboration of several institutes in Japan and Europe. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency is responsible for managing the entire project. PHITS can deal with the transport of nearly all particles, including neutrons, protons, heavy ions, photons, and electrons, over wide energy ranges using various nuclear reaction models and data libraries. It is written in Fortran language and can be executed on almost all computers. All components of PHITS such as its source, executable and data-library files are assembled in one package and then distributed to many countries via the Research organization for Information Science and Technology, the Data Bank of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's Nuclear Energy Agency, and the Radiation Safety Information Computational Center. More than 1,000 researchers have been registered as PHITS users, and they apply the code to various research and development fields such as nuclear technology, accelerator design, medical physics, and cosmic-ray research. This paper briefly summarizes the physics models implemented in PHITS, and introduces some important functions useful for specific applications, such as an event generator mode and beam transport functions.
O ct 2 01 7 Upper Bound of Bayesian Generalization Error in Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

Non-negative matrix factorization ( NMF ) is a new knowledge discovery method that is used for text mining, signal processing, bioinformatics, and consumer analysis. However, its basic property as a learning machine is not yet clarified, as it is not a regular statistical model, resulting that theoretical optimization method of NMF has not yet established. In this paper, we study the real log canonical threshold of NMF and give an upper bound of the generalization error in Bayesian learning. The results show that the generalization error of the matrix factorization can be made smaller than regular statistical models if Bayesian learning is applied.
libhio: Optimizing IO on Cray XC Systems With DataWarp

High performance systems are rapidly increasing in size and complexity. To keep up with the Input/Output (IO) demands of High Performance Computing (HPC) applications and to provide improved functionality, performance and cost, IO subsystems are also increasing in complexity. To help applications to utilize and exploit increased functionality and improved performance in this more complex environment, we developed a new Hierarchical IO (HIO) library: libhio. In this paper we present the motivation behind the development, the design, and features of libhio. We detail optimizations made in libhio to support checkpoint/restart IO workloads on the Trinity supercomputer, a Cray XC-40 at Los Alamos National Lab. We compare the large scale whole file read/write performance or IOR when using libhio against using POSIX when writing to Cray DataWarpTM. Keywords-libhio; DataWarp; Cray; Aries; XC40; BurstBuffer; SSD; IO
THE PORTUGUESE ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICY A COMPREHENSIVE CONDITIONAL DIFFERENCE-IN-DIFFERENCES APPLICATION

In most studies in the literature only the participation in a single programme versus non-participation is evaluated. This approach, however, does not address the needs of a comprehensive evaluation of an active public intervention in the labour market. Active labour market programmes, like the Portuguese, are not restricted to a particular measure. Rather, in most cases, the public employment service offers a wide variety of programmes to the universe of potential participants. In this context, the issue is participation in one programme versus participation in an alternative programme. In particular, it is appropriate to investigate which programme presents a higher causal effect. Imbens (2000) and Lechner (2001) extended the traditional matching methodology to a context of multiple programme participation. The approach followed in this paper intends to go even further. Indeed, since the traditional matching methodology, which considers the conditional independence assumption, is not appropriate in the context of the Portuguese labour market analysis, we will adopt the assumption of the bias stability. Taking into consideration the selection on unobservables, the matching methodology, combined with the difference-in-differences methodology, will be then our selected evaluation approach. The paper presents the estimation of the average treatment effects on the treated in six distinct states (the non-participation state, plus five “active” programmes). The results, in terms of employability, are not identical across the different states in the short-run (i.e. in the first six to twelve months after participation), but they do seem to converge in the long-run (i.e. after two and a half years). JEL Classification: C10, C50, J68
Behaviour sharing in adaptable user interfaces

The practical contribution of this research is to remove the UI behavioural conflicts existing in a compound software environment. From the user point of view, editing text in a spreadsheet cell should not be any different from editing text in a text editor or any other integrated software package. However this is not always the case since different UI applications may inherit different UI techniques and behaviours. In this paper, an extended object-oriented model and Documentary Petri Net (DPN) are used to model an 'adaptable user interface' system. In doing so, rule-bases can be added to the DPN model allowing automatic reasoning about the user interface behaviours. Furthermore, formal properties of UI behaviours such as 'liveness' and 'boundedness' can be analyzed by using algorithms based on the formal properties of Petri Nets.
RELAMINARIZATION MECHANISM IN TURBULENTCHANNEL FLOW BY STREAMWISE TRAVELING WAVE-LIKE BLOWING AND SUCTION

Direct numerical simulation of fully developed channel flow under controlled by traveling wave-like blowing and suction is presented. Similar to a result in traveling wavelike wall deformation, a transition from a turbulent flow into a laminar flow due to downstream traveling wave is found. According to the visualization of the flow field, the negative Reynolds shear stress appears (it is ordinary positive) and develops with time advance, then a turbulent fluctuation disappears.
Efficient modeling of power planes in computer packages using the finite difference time domain method

Recent advancements in electronic packaging, that have led to the development of high speed devices with increasingly high interconnect densities, have precipitated the need to incorporate high frequency effects in the modeling of these structures. The Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is not only well-suited for handling the complex geometries involved, but is also useful for generating the desired frequency response with a single simulation. In this paper, we describe several techniques for improving the computational efficiency of the conventional FDTD algorithm as applied to the problem of modeling complex power plane geometries. We also show how the time domain response can be processed to extract equivalent circuits that are valid in the high frequency regimes up to several GHz, and are suitable for use in circuit simulators. >
Promising Protocol For in vitro Direct Organogenesis of Date Palm cv .

Over the last forty years, serious attempts and efforts were made to develop direct organogenesis method through axillary buds growth and development pathway. Direct organogenesis has been considered the protocol for distinguishing high genetic stability and true-to-type date palm vitroplants. To achieve this goal, specific poking and several incisions that were made mechanically at specific time on the shoot tips apices explant of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Ekhlass eliminated apical dominance and promoted axillary buds growth. The shoot tips were cultured initially for 2 or 4 weeks on a medium-free hormone. While, axillary buds proliferated on the explant re-cultured monthly, for three month, on modified MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) medium (MMS) supplemented with BA (1.0 mg/L), 2iP (1.0 mg/L), Kin (1.0 mg/L), NOA (0.5 mg/L), solidified with gelrite (2.0 g/L), and incubated at 25±1°C under dark conditions. Propagules cultured on the previously described medium, omitting BA plus NOA and supplementing with 2iP, Kin and IAA at (0.2 mg/L), putrescine (50 mg/L) and adenine hemi-sulphate (160 mg/L) recorded significantly the highest axillary buds multiplication rate, and growth value, after incubation under 16-h photoperiod using fluorescent tubes with a light intensity of 1500 Lux for 8 weeks. Separated shoots, cultured on basal MS medium in addition to NAA (O.2 mg/L), spermidine (100 mg/L), sucrose (30 g/L) and solidified with phytoagar (6.0 g/L), recorded the highest significant roots number, and roots length after 4 weeks of incubation. Healthy rooted plantlets, hardened by receiving pre-acclimatization treatment through transferring from agar rooting medium to 1/2 MS salts strength liquid medium and raised light intensity to 8000 Lux (natural light) for 4 weeks, had the highest survival percentage values in a mixture containing compost and perlite (1:1, v/v) after 3 months in acclimatization. INTRODUCTION Expansion of date palm agriculture is faced with challenges stemming from propagation and genetic improvement limitations. The heterozygous nature of this dioecious species hampers the use of seeds which produce off type seedlings. On the other hand, the limited availability of offshoots and the difficulties of establishing propogules from offshoots render this traditional propagation method inadequate, particularly for large-scale propagation. Based on recent advances in plant tissue culture, micropropagation technique has been developed for the rapid mass propagation of date palm. Some limitations associated with genetic improvement have been circumvented by taking advantage of tissue culture applications and molecular methodologies. Somaclonal variation occurring is quite common in date palm micropropagated plants produced
Patent Document Clustering Using Deep Embeddings

The analysis of scientific and technical documents is crucial in the process of establishing science and technology strategies. A popular and traditional method for analysis is to manually classify each scientific and technical document into several predefined technical categories, which is conducted by field experts. However, not only is manual classification error-prone and expensive but it also requires extended efforts to keep up with the frequent data updates. Machine learning and text mining techniques, on the other hand, enables lower costs and faster operations, and can alleviate the burden of human resources. In this paper, we propose a method of extracting embedded feature vectors by applying neural embedding approach from text features of patent documents, and automatically clustering the embedding features by using deep embedding clustering method.
A Textual Case-Based Mobile Phone Diagnosis Support System

Java Cases and Ontology Libraries Integration for Building Reasoning Infrastructures (jCOLIBRI) is a framework which makes the development of Textual Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) applications easier by providing the preprocessing of text methods, textual similarity methods and appropriate representation for textual cases which are the major techniques needed in any CBR systems. In this paper, a Mobile Phone Diagnosis Support System is presented as an extension to jCOLIBRI which accepts a problem and reasons with cases to provide a solution related to a new given problem. Experimental evaluation using some set of problems shows that the developed system predicts the solution that is relatively closer to the user given mobile phone problem. The solution also provide the user valuable advise on how to go about solving the new problem.
Coordination with Endogenous Contracts: Incentives, Selection, and Strategic Anticipation

We examine the effects of endogenous assignment to incentive contracts on worker productivity. Assignment to high performance pay via a market mechanism is roughly twice as effective as imposing the same contract exogenously. This positive effect is largely offset by a negative effect for workers that endogenously choose low performance pay. We decompose the positive effect of endogenous assignment to high performance pay into effects due to selection and strategic anticipation. We estimate that 73% of the effect is due to selection.
Generic Algorithm for Image Tampering Detection Based on Claimant Suspect Decision Rule

This paper presents an innovative algorithm for image tampering detection based on forgery suspect generated by the claimant. The scheme has good scope for third party based authentication of raw images. The image at the sender side is shielded with security parameters generated from cumulative visual word from unique color features of the image. The recipient checks for the match with secret parameters shared commonly. A mismatch helps in generation of suspicion parameters which serves as a testament in generation of bag of features. The Euclidean distance is used as a metric in localization of tampered regions. The scheme successfully localizes copy-paste attack, image splicing and also transformation based attacks. The experimental results show accurate results in localization of tampering. Keywords-image security, active tampering detection, passive tampering detection, image forgery detection
Reading the News: The Statistical Preparation of Pre-Service Secondary Mathematics Teachers.

Undergraduate mathematics programs must prepare teachers for the challenges of teaching statistical thinking as advocated in standards documents and statistics education literature. This study investigates the statistical thinking of pre-service secondary mathematics teachers at the end of their undergraduate educations. Although all had completed a required upper-division two-course sequence in probability and statistics, most were challenged by two tasks which required a critical analysis of the use of statistics in newspaper articles. Some patterns emerged in the incorrect answers, including a tendency to focus on potential sampling issues which were not relevant to the tasks. The results have implications for, and reaffirm concerns about, the undergraduate statistics preparation of secondary teachers in the United States.
1 0 Ju l 2 01 9 Acoustic Model Optimization Based On Evolutionary Stochastic Gradient Descent with Anchors for Automatic Speech Recognition

Evolutionary stochastic gradient descent (ESGD) was proposed as a population-based approach that combines the merits of gradient-aware and gradient-free optimization algorithms for superior overall optimization performance. In this paper we investigate a variant of ESGD for optimization of acoustic models for automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this variant, we assume the existence of a well-trained acoustic model and use it as an anchor in the parent population whose good “gene” will propagate in the evolution to the offsprings. We propose an ESGD algorithm leveraging the anchor models such that it guarantees the best fitness of the population will never degrade from the anchor model. Experiments on 50-hour Broadcast News (BN50) and 300-hour Switchboard (SWB300) show that the ESGD with anchors can further improve the loss and ASR performance over the existing well-trained acoustic models.
Expanding the OntoDM ontology with network analysis tasks and algorithms

This paper presents the first steps towards integrating concepts from the field of network analysis into the OntoDM ontology of data mining concepts. We have performed an extensive analysis of different subfieds of network analysis to provide a broad overview of the variety of tasks and algorithms that are encountered in the field. The main part of this work was to categorize the tasks and algorithms into a hierarchy that is consistent with the structure of OntoDM and which can systematically cover as many aspects of network analysis as possible. This work is a first step in the direction of OntoDM becoming an ontology that systematically describes not only data mining, but also network analysis. We believe that this work will encourage other researchers working in the filed to provide additional insight and further improve the integration of this field into OntoDM.
Enhancement key agreement scheme based on chaotic maps

Abstract Due to certain subtle and intimate links between the properties of traditional cryptosystems and chaotic systems, the application of chaotic systems to cryptography has received much attention from researchers in various disciplines. Key agreement schemes ensure secure communication and help two or more communicating parties establish a shared secure session key. Recently, many key agreement schemes that are based on chaotic maps have been proposed, some of which still require verification tables and remain insecure. Thus, we proposed an enhancement scheme to overcome these weaknesses – a concrete key agreement scheme that is based on the special properties of chaotic maps. This scheme provides secret and authenticated communication session keys and prevents known-key attacks.
1 Use of EEG as a Neuroscientific Approach to Advertising Research

This exploratory work intends to give an overview of the tools that neuroscience has brought to marketing, how they can help consumer research and to clarify results that have been presented to the academic community but still deserve further validation. We also studied how ads are perceived in the brain (Advertising Research) and tried to “bring to light” what private corporations have been doing in neuromarketing. In recent years research in neuromarketing has been multiplying. We revised some of that recent work, and the cornerstones of neuromarketing research. Questions about validity and reliability have been raised. Doubts about the utility of neurosciences in marketing still persist, and fear about whether neuroscience can be used in an invasive way against privacy principles still endures. We intend to give some guidelines for future research and present results that can help validate the neuroscience tool we are using, the electroencephalogram (EEG). We recorded the EEG of 20 participants, all men, right-handed, and in between 20-29 years, while they were viewing 30 TV commercials, divided into 5 blocks that appeared in random order. We analysed the results by doing frequency analysis and
Effect of Flow Rate on Characterizations of TiO2 Nano fibers using Electro spinning Method

TiO 2 nanofibers with anatase structure were synthesized by an electrospinning method. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that TiO 2 nanofibers were polycrystalline with anatase phase. The effects of flow rate parameter on TiO 2 nanofibers were examined using atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy. The energy gap was estimated and optical behavior was studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy, and Photoluminescence spectroscopy. It was noted that the average diameter of these nanofibers increases from (82-320) nm with increasing the flow rate from (1-10 ml/h) respectively. The length of the nanofibers reached to several microns.
Weather impacts on electric power load: partial phase synchronization analysis

Electricity demand is influenced by atmospheric conditions, and, therefore it is important to quantify their relationships suitably for accurate electricity demand forecasting and the implementation of power‐saving policies. However, interdependencies and characteristics of covariance among meteorological variables within the same periodicities hinder the quantification of their direct and indirect impacts on electric power load. To investigate the strength of the direct correlation between atmospheric conditions and electric power load, this study harnessed a new partialization analysis method based on a partial phase synchronization index combined with wavelet transformation. The advantage of the proposed method is that it can be used to evaluate the degree of independent contribution of the variables over different spatiotemporal scales. Compared with traditional statistical analyses, this new partialization analysis shows that air temperature is the principal variable associated directly with electricity demand, but that the strength of the relationship varies with season and time scale. Relative humidity and wind speed have strong direct correlations with electricity in summer and winter, respectively. Insolation is directly coupled to the electric power load only on sub‐diurnal time scales. This investigation indicates that for accurate forecasting of electricity demand, changes in the coupling strengths of different atmospheric variables should be incorporated into the electric power load forecasting process. The study shows that a partial phase synchronization index, combined with wavelet transformation, is a useful tool that could be used in other studies to assess complex interacting atmospheric oscillations that cannot be assessed properly by traditional approaches.
A Novel Iterative Algorithm for Recovering Shape and 3D Information using Photometric Stereo with Point Light Sources in Attenuating and Scattering Media

When photometric stereo technique is used to recover shape and 3D information of an object from multiple images, it is common to assume that the light sources being used are collimated. When the light sources that are being used are actually point light sources, as in robot applications for weld seam inspection or underwater imaging, such an assumption causes significant error. The error increases further when the imaging system is deployed in an attenuating and scattering media. In such situations, a purely analytical solution is not possible. Current work proposes a novel iterative algorithm for recovering shape and 3D information in such situations. General Terms Underwater Robotic Vehicles, Industrial Robots, Computer Vision, Algorithm.
Export of reef-derived sediments on Vabbinfaru reef platform , Maldives

The off-reef export of reef-derived sediments is an important component of the detrital sedimentary budget for a reef system and has implications for reef geomorphology and the development and maintenance of associated sedimentary deposits. The rate and magnitude of off-reef sand and gravel export was assessed experimentally using an array of sedimentation traps on Vabbinfaru reef platform, North Malé Atoll, Maldives. Sand and gravel collecting traps were attached to the fore-reef slope (at approximately 5 m depth) at 8 sites around the platform periphery over a period of 13 months. Texture of accumulated sediments was examined using settling velocity and fragment mass. Results show that off-reef export rates were high, reaching a maximum of 12.58 kg.m -1 . y -1 for gravel-sized sediments and 122.84 kg.m -1 . y -1 for sand-sized material. Sediment export was spatially and seasonally variable around the platform with lower rates of export recorded in areas of high wave exposure and vice versa. An estimated 127,120 kg of sediment is exported off-reef annually with sand-sized material accounting for 87% of total export. The absence of high intensity storm events at Vabbinfaru means the continual export of detrital sediment exerts a major control on reef geomorphology and sediment facies development.