Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Fault Diagnosis of Flexible Material R2R Manufacturing System Based on Quality Control Chart and SoV

The Stream of Variation (SoV) model and control chart are combined to study the fault diagnosis method of flexible materials R2R manufacturing system. Based on the analysis of the correlation between the fault source and product quality in the manufacturing process and also the statistical distribution rule of the processing quality characteristic vector and the fault source , SoV model under controlled or uncontrolled states and the mathematical model of the probability distribution of the statistic of the quality characteristic variable are deduced. And the calculation equation of the centerline, the upper limit, and the lower limit of the control chart are deduced. The experimental results show that, under controlled or uncontrolled condition, when the program runs to 500 steps, the Average Run Length (ARL) of the performance parameters tends to be stable; and when program reaches 1000 steps, the actual ARL value is almost the same as the theoretical value. The fault diagnosis experiment shows that, under the condition when the fault source is strongly correlated or the fault source correlation coefficient is the same, using the control chart established in this paper can simply and quickly determine the fault location in the system.
A Joint Power Approach to Define Countermovement Jump Phases Using Force Platforms.

Conflicting methodologies are used to define certain countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) phases, which limits identification of performance-enhancing factors (e.g., rate of force development). PURPOSE We (a) utilized a joint power approach to define CMVJ phases that accurately describe body weight unloading (i.e., unweighting) and eccentric (i.e., braking) actions, which were combined with the robustly-defined concentric (i.e., propulsion) phase, and (b) determined whether the phases can be identified using only ground reaction force (GRF) data. METHODS Twenty-one men performed eight maximal CMVJs while kinematic and GRF data were obtained. Hip, knee, and ankle joint powers were calculated using inverse dynamics. The net sum of the joint powers (JPSUM) was calculated to define phases by the preeminence of negative (i.e., net eccentric actions) or positive (i.e., net concentric actions) power where appropriate. Unloading, eccentric, and concentric phases were identified using JPSUM and linked to GRF and center of mass (COM) velocity features. RESULTS Bland & Altman plots of the bias and 95% confidence intervals for the limits of agreement (LOA), intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), and coefficients of variation (CV) indicated precise agreement for detecting the unloading (bias: 0.060 s; LOA: -0.110 to 0.229 s) and eccentric (bias: 0.012 s; LOA: -0.010 to 0.040 s) phases with moderate (ICC: 0.578; CV: 40.72%) and excellent (ICC: 0.993; CV: 2.18%) reliability, respectively. The eccentric phase should be divided into yielding (eccentric actions while accelerating downward) and braking (eccentric actions while decelerating downward) sub-phases for detailed assessments. CONCLUSION CMVJ phases defined by combining joint and COM mechanics can be detected using only force platform data, enabling functionally relevant CMVJ assessments using instrumentation commonly available to practitioners.
Investigation on Ambipolar Current Suppression Using a Stacked Gate in an L-shaped Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor

L-shaped tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) provides higher on-current than a conventional TFET through band-to-band tunneling in the vertical direction of the channel. However, L-shaped TFET is disadvantageous for low-power applications because of increased off-current due to the large ambipolar current. In this paper, a stacked gate L-shaped TFET is proposed for suppression of ambipolar current. Stacked gates can be easily implemented using the structural features of L-shaped TFET, and on- and off-current can be controlled separately by using different gates located near the source and the drain, respectively. As a result, the suppression of ambipolarity is observed with respect to work function difference between two gates by simulation of the band-to-band tunneling generation. Furthermore, the proposed device suppresses ambipolar current better than existing ambipolar current suppression methods. In particular, low drain resistance is achieved as there is no need to reduce drain doping, which leads to a 7% enhanced on-current. Finally, we present the fabrication method for a stacked gate L-shaped TFET.
One simple claudication question as first step in Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) screening: A meta-analysis of the association with reduced Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) in 27,945 subjects

Purpose and methods A meta-analysis using data from seven German population-based cohorts was performed by the German Epidemiological consortium of Peripheral Arterial Disease (GEPArD) to investigate whether one question about claudication is more efficient for PAD screening than established questionnaires. Claudication was defined on the basis of the answer to one question asking for pain in the leg during normal walking. This simple question was compared with established questionnaires, including the Edinburgh questionnaire. The associations of claudication with continuous ABI values and decreased ABI were analyzed by linear and logistic regression analysis, respectively. The results of the studies were pooled in a random effect meta-analysis, which included data from 27,945 individuals (14,052 women, age range 20–84 years). Results Meta-analysis revealed a significant negative association between claudication and ABI, which was stronger in men (β = -0.07; 95%CI -0.10, -0.04) than in women (β = -0.02; 95%CI -0.02, -0.01). Likewise, the presence of claudication symptoms was related to an increased odds of a decreased ABI in both men (Odds ratio = 5.40; 95%CI 4.20, 6.96) and women (Odds ratio = 1.99; 95%CI 1.58, 2.51). Conclusions Asking only one question about claudication was able to identify many individuals with a high likelihood of a reduced ABI with markedly higher sensitivity and only slightly reduced specificity compared to more complex questionnaires. At least in men, this question should be established as first screening step.
Pharmacokinetics of Telavancin in Adult Patients with Cystic Fibrosis during Acute Pulmonary Exacerbation

Adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) frequently harbor Staphylococcus aureus, which is increasingly antibiotic resistant. Telavancin is a once-daily rapidly bactericidal antibiotic active against methicillin-, linezolid-, and ceftaroline-resistant S. aureus. Because CF patients experience alterations in pharmacokinetics, the optimal dose of telavancin in this population is unknown. ABSTRACT Adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) frequently harbor Staphylococcus aureus, which is increasingly antibiotic resistant. Telavancin is a once-daily rapidly bactericidal antibiotic active against methicillin-, linezolid-, and ceftaroline-resistant S. aureus. Because CF patients experience alterations in pharmacokinetics, the optimal dose of telavancin in this population is unknown. Adult CF patients (n = 18) admitted for exacerbations received 3 doses of telavancin 7.5 mg/kg of body weight (first 6 patients) or 10 mg/kg (final 12 patients) every 24 h (q24h). Population pharmacokinetic models with and without covariates were fitted using the nonparametric adaptive grid algorithm in Pmetrics. The final model was used to perform 5,000-patient Monte Carlo simulations for multiple telavancin doses. The best fit was a 2-compartment model describing the volume of distribution of the central compartment (Vc) as a multiple of total body weight (TBW) and the volume of distribution of the central compartment scaled to total body weight (Vθ) normalized by the median observed value (Vc = Vθ × TBW/52.1) and total body clearance (CL) as a linear function of creatinine clearance (CRCL) (CL = CLNR + CLθ × CRCL), where CLNR represents nonrenal clearance and CLθ represents the slope term on CRCL to estimate renal clearance. The mean population parameters were as follows: Vθ, 4.92 ± 0.76 liters · kg−1; CLNR, 0.59 ± 0.30 liters · h−1; CLθ, 5.97 × 10−3 ± 1.24 × 10−3; Vp (volume of the peripheral compartment), 3.77 ± 1.41 liters; Q (intercompartmental clearance), 4.08 ± 2.17 liters · h−1. The free area under the concentration-time curve (fAUC) values for 7.5 and 10 mg/kg were 30 ± 4.6 and 52 ± 12 mg · h/liter, respectively. Doses of 7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg achieved 76.5% and 100% probability of target attainment (PTA) at a fAUC/MIC threshold of >215, respectively, for MIC of ≤0.12 mg/liter. The probabilities of reaching the acute kidney injury (AKI) threshold AUC (763 mg · h · liter−1) for these doses were 0% and 0.96%, respectively. No serious adverse events occurred. Telavancin 10 mg/kg yielded optimal PTA and minimal risk of AKI, suggesting that this FDA-approved dose is appropriate to treat acute pulmonary exacerbations in CF adults. (The clinical trial discussed in this study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT03172793.)
Revisiting Ghoshal’s views on the implications of bad management theory – a systems view of moral governance and managerial practice

This paper revisits Ghoshal’s views (2005, 1996) on the implications of bad management theory for managerial practice. In particular, it examines the persistence of assumptions underpinning moral governance and associated managerial practices in organizations, despite countervailing evidence of efficacy. Drawing on mini-case illustrations, and notions from systems thinking (Senge, 1993, 1999, 2010) and cognitive psychology (Tversky and Kahnemann, 1974), the paper develops a systems perspective that suggests how in some circumstances, cognitive bias rather than intention may explain a paradoxical adherence to ideology, ideology-based theory and to theory-informed practice
Intelligent Analysis of Premature Ventricular Contraction Based on Features and Random Forest

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is one of the most common arrhythmias in the clinic. Due to its variability and susceptibility, patients may be at risk at any time. The rapid and accurate classification of PVC is of great significance for the treatment of diseases. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a method based on the combination of features and random forest to identify PVC. The RR intervals (pre_RR and post_RR), R amplitude, and QRS area are chosen as the features because they are able to identify PVC better. The experiment was validated on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and achieved good results. Compared with other methods, the accuracy of this method has been significantly improved.
Vertical Distribution and Diversity of Phototrophic Bacteria within a Hot Spring Microbial Mat (Nakabusa Hot Springs, Japan)

Phototrophic microbial mats are assemblages of vertically layered microbial populations dominated by photosynthetic microorganisms. In order to elucidate the vertical distribution and diversity of phototrophic microorganisms in a hot spring-associated microbial mat in Nakabusa (Japan), we analyzed the 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences of the microbial mat separated into five depth horizons, and correlated them with microsensor measurements of O2 and spectral scalar irradiance. A stable core community and high diversity of phototrophic organisms dominated by the filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs, Roseiflexus castenholzii and Chloroflexus aggregans were identified together with the spectral signatures of bacteriochlorophylls (BChls) a and c absorption in all mat layers. In the upper mat layers, a high abundance of cyanobacteria (Thermosynechococcus sp.) correlated with strong spectral signatures of chlorophyll a and phycobiliprotein absorption near the surface in a zone of high O2 concentrations during the day. Deeper mat layers were dominated by uncultured chemotrophic Chlorobi such as the novel putatively sulfate-reducing “Ca. Thermonerobacter sp. ”, which showed increasing abundance with depth correlating with low O2 in these layers enabling anaerobic metabolism. Oxygen tolerance and requirements for the novel phototroph “Ca. Chloroanaerofilum sp. ” and the uncultured chemotrophic Armatimonadetes member type OS-L detected in Nakabusa hot springs, Japan appeared to differ from previously suggested lifestyles for close relatives identified in hot springs in Yellowstone National Park, USA. The present study identified various microenvironmental gradients and niche differentiation enabling the co-existence of diverse chlorophototrophs in metabolically diverse communities in hot springs.
In vitro Antimicrobial Activities of Vigna subterranea

The antibacterial assay of the seed of Vigna subterranea (Bambara Groundnut) on certain clinical isolates: Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella ozaenae, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined using the agar diffusion technique to investigate its potential use as antibacterial agent. The antimicrobial activity of the test organisms to the seed extract was screened by using the agar-well diffusion method. An inoculum suspension was swabbed uniformly to solidified 20 ml Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) and the inoculum was allowed to dry for 5 minutes. Holes of 5 mm in diameter were made in the seeded agar using sterile cork-borer. Aliquot of 50 μl from each seed extract was added into each well on the seeded medium and allowed to stand on the bench for 1 hour for proper diffusion and thereafter incubated at 37°C for 24 hour. The resulting inhibition zones were measured in millimeters (mm). Negative controls using 50 μl PBS were also run in the same manner and parallel to the treatments. These studies were performed in duplicate. The seed extracts of V. subterranea showed varying antimicrobial activities against the test organisms. Antimicrobial screening indicated that V. subterranea showed the highest (39 ± 2.55 mm) inhibition against E. coli and K. ozanae at dilutions 1 and 2 respectively. The least activity was observed at dilutions 2 while P. mirabilis and E. coli both had zones of inhibition of 8 ± 0.00 mm and 8 ± 1.41 mm respectively. Susceptibility testing using standard antibiotics (positive control) was also carried out. P. mirabilis, E. coli and K. aerogenes were susceptible to the entire tested antibiotics except Augumentin (AUG) and Amoxicillin (AMX). The diameters of the clear zones of inhibitions were measured and the result recorded to the nearest millimeters (mm). The diameter of the zone was used as a measure of the susceptibility of the isolate and the diffusion rate of the seed extracts/antibiotics through the agar medium. The result of the study suggests that seed extract of V. subterranea can be used for the treatment of infections caused by the test organisms.
Surface Effects on the Properties of Screw Dislocation in Nanofilms

The image dislocation method is used to construct the governing equation of dislocations in nanofilms. The classical Peierls-Nabarro equation can be recovered when the thickness of nanofilm is taken to be infinite. In order to determine the core width and Peierls stress of dislocations, the unstable stacking fault energies of Al and Cu nanofilms are calculated via the first-principle methods. It is found that surface effect can increase the Peierls stresses of screw dislocations in Al and Cu nanofilms.
981-998 Indra Vythilingam.pmd

Co-infection with multiple different parasites is a common phenomenon in both human and animals. Among parasites that frequently co-infect the same hosts, are the filarial worms and malaria parasites. Despite this, the mechanisms underlying the interactions between these parasites is still relatively unexplored with very few studies available on the resulting pathologies due to co-infection by filarial nematodes and malaria parasites. Hence, this study investigated the histopathological effect of Brugia pahangi and Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infections in gerbil host. Gerbils grouped into B. pahangi-infected, PbA-infected, B. pahangi and PbA-coinfected, and uninfected control, were necropsied at different time points of post PbA infections. Brugia pahangi infections in the gerbils were first initiated by subcutaneous inoculation of 50 infective larvae, while PbA infections were done by intraperitoneal injection of 106 parasitized red blood cells after 70 days patent period of B. pahangi. Organs such as the lungs, kidneys, spleen, heart and liver were harvested aseptically at the point of necropsy. There was significant hepatosplenomegaly observed in both PbA-infected only and coinfected gerbils. The spleen, liver and lungs were heavily pigmented. Both B. pahangi and PbA infections (mono and coinfections) resulted in pulmonary edema, while glomerulonephritis was associated with PbA infections. The presence of both parasites induced extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen and liver. These findings suggest that the pathologies associated with coinfected gerbils were synergistically induced by both B. pahangi and PbA infections.
Understanding fiber for profitable ration decisions

Fiber in dairy diets Carbohydrate impact upon animal and ruminant nutrition is not a new focal point for nutritionists. Hall and Mertens (2017) recently reviewed 100 years of carbohydrate research relative to ruminant nutrition. Fiber, defined as Neutral Detergent Fiber (aNDF; Goering and Van Soest, 1970​)​ in dairy nutrition, contributes two major facets of dairy diets. It is important for both physical and energetic aspects. Energetically, fiber theoretically contains equivalent calories per g as do starch and sugars however a substantial portion of calories in fiber remain locked in undigestible form. Hence, fiber provides the least energy per pound of all nutrients in the total mixed ration (TMR). From a physically effectiveness factor standpoint, fiber is also essential to maintain rumen health and function. It’s important to simultaneously consider both fiber’s physically effective and energetic attributes together, as these are important in their own right but also combined into newer nutrition metrics.
Review of Electroanalytical-Based Approaches for the Determination of Benzodiazepines

The benzodiazepine class of drugs are characterised by a readily electrochemically reducible azomethine group. A number are also substituted by other electrochemically active nitro, N-oxide, and carbonyl groups, making them readily accessible to electrochemical determination. Techniques such as polarography, voltammetry, and potentiometry have been employed for pharmaceutical and biomedical samples, requiring little sample preparation. This review describes current developments in the design and applications of electrochemical-based approaches for the determination of the benzodiazepine class of drugs form their introduction in the early 1960s to 2019. Throughout this period, state-of-the-art electroanalytical techniques have been reported for their determination. Polarography was first employed focused on mechanistic investigations. Subsequent studies showed the adsorption of many the benzodiazepines at Hg electrodes allowed for the highly sensitive technique of adsorptive stripping voltammetry to be employed. The development and introduction of other working electrode materials such as carbon led to techniques such as voltammetry to become commonly reported, and the modification of these electrodes has now become the most commonly employed approach using molecularly imprinting and nanotechnology.
Some comments on the reliability of three-index factor analysis models in speech research

Lowdimensional and speaker-independent linear vocal tract parametrizations can be obtained using the 3-mode PARAFAC factor analysis procedure first introduced by Harshman et al. (1977) and discussed in a series of subsequent papers in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (Jackson (1988), Nix et al. (1996), Hoole (1999), Zheng et al. (2003)). Nevertheless, some questions of importance have been left unanswered, e.g. none of the papers using this method has provided a consistent interpretation of the terms usually referred to as “speaker weights”. This study attempts an exploration of what influences their reliability as a first step towards their consistent interpretation. With this in mind, we undertook a systematic comparison of the classical PARAFAC1 algorithm with a relaxed version, of it, PARAFAC2. This comparison was carried out on two different corpora acquired by the articulograph, which varied in vowel qualities, consonantal contexts, and the paralinguistic features accent and speech rate. The difference between these statistical approaches can grossly be described as follows: In PARAFAC1, observation units pertain to the same set of variables and the observation units are comparable. In PARAFAC2, observations pertain to the same set of variables, but observation units are not comparable. Such a situation can be easily conceived in a situation such as we are describing: The operationalization we took relies on the comparability of fleshpoint data acquired from different speakers, which need not be a good assumption due to influences like sensor placement and morphological conditions. In particular, the comparison between the two different approaches is carried out by means of so-called “leverages” on different component matrices originating in regression analysis, calculated as v = diag(A(A′A)−1A′) and delivering information on how “influential” a particular loading matrix is for the model. This analysis could potentially be carried out component by component, but we confined ourselves to effects on the global factor structure. For vowels, the most influential loadings are those for the tense cognates of non-palatal vowels. For speakers, the most prominent result is the relative absence of effects of the paralinguistic variables. Results generally indicate that there is quite little influence of the model specification (i.e. PARAFAC1 or PARAFAC2) on vowel and subject components. The patterns for the
The Asymmetric Division of Cells and the Immortal Strand Hypothesis

There are two widely accepted mechanisms for asymmetric division of cells as required for splitting a clone of stem cells into sub-clones. They are designated “intrinsic” and “extrinsic” depending upon the apparent origin of asymmetry (polarization). Here I will focus mainly on the intrinsic mechanism. Neither of these mechanisms has been proven beyond doubt experimentally and neither is known to be universally applicable. Moreover, it is not clear how either of those mechanisms would be regulated during development. In both cases, the accepted mechanisms involve induction of an asymmetry in the cytoplasm of the cell prior to cell division and only during subsequent proliferation are the genomes reprogrammed by cytoplasmic factors to a new state of differentiation. Here, I propose a completely different concept in which asymmetry is introduced into the imprinting of the chromosomes during the G2 phase after DNA synthesis by RNA-directed epigenetic marking of the newly synthesized strand of DNA. At no time is asymmetry of the cytoplasm or the surrounding cells required or involved in the reprogramming. The key is that in the second generation, the two differently imprinted strands of DNA will be templates for marking the corresponding newly synthesized strand of DNA such that when the cells divide, the original type is restored and a newly differentiated type is produced. It is noted that the DNA that retains the original parental imprinting also retains full telomere length and is not “aged” during the process, whereas the newly synthesized strands with new imprinting progressively lose telomere length generation-bygeneration. The parental strand also avoids replication errors because it is always the template strand. This mechanism explains the “immortal strand hypothesis” and shows why some of the attempts to prove the “immortal strand hypothesis” produced negative results because it is the pattern of imprinting rather than the sequence of base-pairs that determines differentiation.