Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbial Cr(VI) Reduction by Indigenous Activated Sludge Bacilli and Pure Culture of Escherichia coli ATCC 33456

Cr(VI) reducing microbial species Bacillus thuringiensis , Bacillus cereus and Bacillus mycoides were isolated from dried sludge collected from sand drying beds at a local wastewater treatment plant in Brits (South Africa). The plant received high periodic loadings of Cr(VI) contaminated effluent from an abandoned chrome processing foundry within the chrome mining town of Brits. Other Cr(VI) producing organisms in the sludge sample were identified as Microbacterium foliorum and Lycinobacillus sphaerococcus . Among the five confirmed Cr(VI) reducers, B. thuringiensis was determined to have the highest performance in reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The Cr(VI) reducing capability of organisms isolated at the site has not diminished over a 15 year period (2006-2021). In the current study, the performance and pathway structures responsible for Cr(VI) reduction are analysed and compared with the activity of a metabolically versatile Escherichia coli ATCC 33456. The observations from this study showcase advanced enzymatic Cr(VI) reductase structures in B. thuringiensis never before observed in other microbial species. Blocking of electron carrier enzymes suggested the involvement of dissolved thioredoxin in the cytosol and bulk media as possible biocatalysis activators for Cr(VI) reduction in resting cells.
The Development of Augmented Reality Book to Promote Analytical Thinking for Grade 7 Students on the Basic of Life Units

This study aims to 1) design and develop augmented reality (AR) book to improve the Analytical thinking skills of students on the topic of the basic of life units 2) study the Analytical thinking skills of students in learning AR book 3) compare the students’ learning achievement before and after using AR book and 4) study the students’ satisfactions with the AR book. The research subjects were 40 of grade 7 students, Thailand. The technique of collecting data consisting of Analytical thinking tests, pre-test and post-test, and satisfaction evaluation. The results showed that AR book “the basic of life units” was developed using unity 3D and designed using Adobe InDesign for four chapters. (1) the ability to identify elements of something or a particular subject (2) the ability to identify correlated reasons, and (3) the ability to assess the value of things. The result found that the students’ Analytical thinking score were higher than the specified criterion as 0% of 37 people, representing 92.50%. The students’ achievement scores resulting from the test performance after study with AR book were higher than the specified criterion as 70% of 36 people, representing 90.00%. The post-test scores were significantly higher than those tested prior at the level . 01 on the t-test scale. The students’ satisfactions toward the AR book to improve the Analytical thinking skills were mostly high (x ̅= 4.10, S.D. = 0.78) by having students take a pre- and post-test. The results were used to analyze the quantitative data such as percentage, mean score ( 𝑥̅ ), standard deviation (S.D.) Evaluate the satisfaction of students after learned with augmented reality book “the basic of life units”. The questionnaires evaluated using rating scale and five-point Linkert scale.
Immediate versus Staged Complete Revascularization in Multi-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Uncomplicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Background: Although Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) has been established as the best treatment for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), there is a gap in the evidence about the optimal time when non-Infarct Related Artery (IRA) lesions should be revascularized. Objectives: The first primary outcome was defined as death within a timeframe of one year from the complete revascularization. The second primary outcome was a composite of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular events (MACCE) within a year following complete revascularization. Overall, the study aimed to compare the two study groups (patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (MVD) presenting with STEMI uncomplicated by cardiogenic shock, in which complete revascularization was attained using either complete revascularization during the PPCI (group A) or during the same hospital admission (group B)) regarding the occurrence of the above-mentioned outcomes. Methods: This single-center, retrospective study aimed to review the outcomes in two groups, each consisting of 50 consecutive MVD patients with STEMI uncomplicated by cardiogenic shock. The patients included in the trial underwent successful culprit-lesion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) between 1 January 2017 and 1 June 2019. Then, they underwent complete revascularization with either PCI of all angiographically significant non-culprit lesions in the index PPCI procedure (group A) or during a second procedure that took place during the same hospital admission (group B). Results: The first primary outcome was observed in 4% of the whole study population (n = b2, P = 0.98), while the second primary outcome was detected in 6% of the patients (n = 3, P = 0.97). The results revealed no significant difference between the two groups concerning the outcomes. Conclusions: Among the MVD patients with STEMI uncomplicated by cardiogenic shock, there was no significant difference regarding the outcomes when using the complete revascularization of non-culprit lesions during PPCI and in a second PCI session at the same hospital admission. Immediate versus Staged Complete Revascularization in Multi-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Uncomplicated by Cardiogenic Shock Assessment of Two Complete PCI Strategies in STEMI Uncomplicated by Shock Int Cardiovasc Res J. 2021;15(3) 95 Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR)-Guided Revascularization Versus Conventional Strategy in Acute STEMI Patients With Multivessel disease” (COMPARE-ACUTE) (7), and “Complete Versus Culprit-Only Revascularization Strategies to Treat Multivessel Disease After Early PCI for STEMI” (COMPLETE) (8), have shown benefits in terms of a lower rate of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) in patients undergoing the complete revascularization strategy compared to those undergoing an IRA-only PCI strategy, thus causing a shift in guidelines towards the complete revascularization strategy in patients with MVD.
Predictive Model for Accident Severity

: In the development of sustainable transportation, traffic safety is a significant matter, and predicting the severity of traffic accidents is still a critical problem in the traffic safety field. However, the utilized road traffic accidents (RTAs) datasets suffer from imbalance distribution. This problem leads to a decrease in classification performance, specifically in predicting the minority classes. This paper aims to treat the class imbalance problem through Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE), Support Vector Machine-SMOTE (SVM-SMOTE), Borderline-SMOTE(BL-SMOTE), and Adaptive Synthetic (ADASYN), along with proposing an accurate predictive model for accident severity. Different accident severity models are employed, namely Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB) classifiers, Decision Tree (DT), and Extra Trees (ET). These models are tested using real-world datasets. Several evaluation metrics are used to evaluate the proposed model. Experimental results show that the proposed model significantly improves predicting both the minority and majority classes. These results indicate the robustness and reliability of the proposed predictive model in enhancing road traffic safety and management .
Multiple ion (Al 3+ , Cr 3+ , Fe 3+ , and Cu 2+ ) sensing using a cell-compatible rhodamine-phenolphthalein-derived Schiff-base probe Molecular Liquids

In this study, a novel rhodamine-phenolphthalein derivative ( RBPF ) was designed, synthesized, and char- acterized. RBPF exhibited the selective and sensitive colorimetric detection of Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ and ﬂuorometric detection of Al 3+ and Cr 3+ , thus functioning as a multiple-channel probe in MeOH-H 2 O (v/v = 9/1, 5 m M HEPES, pH 7.2) in the presence of other cations. A strong enhancement of the absorbance at around 555 nm was observed for the four mentioned cations. In contrast, in the presence of Al 3+ and Cr 3+ , emis- sions were intensiﬁed within the red region of the spectra (583 and 586 nm, respectively). The RBPF sensor was found to bind to the metal ions at a 1:2 stoichiometric ratio. The proposed mechanism for the observed sensing behavior is the opening of the spirolactam ring of the rhodamine core in the presence of the four mentioned metal ions. The detection limits for Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , and Cr 3+ were calculated to be 1.21 m M, 1.75 m M, 2.27 m M, and 1.29 m M, respectively. To test the practical use of the probe, TLC-based paper strips were fabricated. In addition, cell-imaging analysis of Al 3+ and Cr 3+ ions in the A549 cancer cell line produced promising concentration and time-dependent detection results.
Algorithms and Systems for Manipulating Multiple Objects

Robot manipulation of multiple objects is an important topic for applications including warehouse automation, service robots performing cleaning, and large-scale object sorting. Although problems can range in complexity from a few objects to large disordered piles, autonomy remains a significant technical challenge due to the high-dimensional joint configuration space of the robot and all objects, the complex dynamics of object interaction, and the ambiguity and occlusion caused by clutter. This article surveys a broad range of classical and state-of-the-art research in multiobject manipulation and categorizes them along the dimensions of tasks, perception, predictive models, and decision-making algorithms. It also covers emerging trends and open problems faced in the ongoing effort to realize robust multiobject manipulation systems in practice.
Researching the Impact of Fire and Soot on Engine Performance Researching the Impact of Fire and Soot on Engine Performance

Wildfires present a potential danger to populated areas every year. To combat these dangerous blazes, many agencies turn to aerial firefighting during the fire season. Aerial firefighting requires fixed wing aircraft to maneuver for a retardant drop while on the brink of stall. Due to the inherent safety risk in this procedure, the propulsion system of an aircraft must be responsive and reliable when the time comes to accelerate away from the drop zone. This paper focuses on predicting the effects of a fire on an engine’s performance to better inform propulsion design decisions for aerial firefighting. Wildfires introduce two main hazards in the surrounding air environment: heat and particulates. Convection currents, generated due to the high heat that occurs near a fire, elevate hot air along with any soot and embers that are present. Firefighting aircraft fly in close proximity to the fires, so these effects are a significant design concern. A study to investigate the change of the thermodynamic properties of the surrounding air and the resulting effects on the thrust output of the engines is conducted. Likewise, the effects of particulate ingestion by the engines are discussed, along with the engine reliability issues that result from on-blade deposits. Finally, a flight plan for airtankers and lead planes is generated that limits engine exposure to wildfire heat and particulates through procedures such as a 10,000 feet cruise altitude, a 300 feet drop altitude, and flight path along the fire’s edge. Through implementing these simple safety measures, firefighting aircraft will be both safer and more readily available to fight fires.
Signal and image processing techniques for testing and evaluation of glass fibre reinforced polymers

Glass Fibre Reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are being used in a wide range of application areas since these materials are less affected by corrosive environmental conditions and provide longer life with less maintenance. However, there are still some concerns about reinforced polymers, such as the presence of surface and sub-surface defects which influence their in service applications. To detect these defects, InfraRed Thermographic (IRT) methods show their potential usage for Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDT&E) of composite materials due to their inherent testing capabilities such as remote, whole field, quantitative and qualitative to detect surface and sub-surface defects. Thermal NDT&E is broadly categorized into passive or active approach. In passive approach, the test sample's temperature distribution is monitored in the absence of any external heat stimulus at ambient conditions. However, this may not provide ample thermal contrast to detect the defects located at deeper depths. In order to detect deeper defects inside the test specimen, an active thermography is preferred. This can be carried out by applying an external heat stimulus, to induce enough thermal contrast over the test object. The thermal gradients appear over the material during the active heating due to the changes in thermal properties of defective and sound region leading to the detection of subsurface defects. This present work highlights a spectral reshaping by introducing a Gaussian window on the captured thermal profile in a frequency modulated thermal wave imaging and named as Gaussian Windowed Frequency Modulated Thermal Wave Imaging (GWFMTWI) technique. Further various multi-transform techniques (time and frequency domain based) have been introduced in order to test sub-surface defect detection capabilities in chosen GFRP sample. Comparison has been made with the non-stationary linear frequency modulated thermal wave imaging technique in terms of depth scanning capability. Results obtained from GWFMTWI clearly show better detection potential with improved test resolution and sensitivity.
Drought-responsive WRKY transcription factor genes IgWRKY50 and IgWRKY32 from Iris germanica enhance drought resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis

Drought greatly affects the growth and development of garden plants and affects their ornamental value. WRKY transcription factors make up one of the largest transcription factor families in plants and they play an important role in the plant response to drought stress. However, the function of the WRKY gene in response to drought stress in Iris germanica, which is commonly used in landscaping, has not been studied. In this study, we isolated two WRKY transcription factor genes from Iris germanica, IgWRKY50 and IgWRKY32, which belong to Group II and Group III of the WRKY family, respectively. IgWRKY50 and IgWRKY32 could be induced by PEG-6000, high temperature and ABA in Iris germanica. IgWRKY50 and IgWRKY32 could quickly respond to drought and they peaked at 3 h after PEG-6000 treatment (19.93- and 23.32-fold). The fusion proteins IgWRKY50-GFP and IgWRKY32-GFP were located in the nucleus of mesophyll protoplasts of Arabidopsis. The overexpression of the IgWRKY50 and IgWRKY32 genes improved the osmotic tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis, mainly exhibited by the transgenic plants having a higher germination rate and a longer total root length on 1/2 MS medium containing mannitol. Under PEG-6000 stress, the transgenic plants had higher stomatal closure than the wild type (WT). Under natural drought stress, the water loss rate of the isolated leaves of transgenic Arabidopsis was lower than that of WT, the contents of proline (Pro) and soluble protein (SP) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in the transgenic plants were higher, but the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower. Furthermore, the expression of several stress-related genes (RD29A, DREB2A, PP2CA, and ABA2) was significantly increased in IgWRKY50- and IgWRKY32- overexpressing transgenic Arabidposis plants after drought treatment. These results suggest that IgWRKY50 and IgWRKY32, as two positive regulators, enhance the drought resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis by mediating the ABA signal transduction pathway. IgWRKY50 and IgWRKY32 can be used as candidate genes for molecular breeding of drought resistance in Iris.
Altered expression of somatostatin signaling molecules and clock genes in the hippocampus of subjects with substance use disorder

Substance use disorders are a debilitating group of psychiatric disorders with a high degree of comorbidity with major depressive disorder. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are commonly reported in people with substance use disorder and major depression and associated with increased risk of relapse. Hippocampal somatostatin signaling is involved in encoding and consolidation of contextual memories which contribute to relapse in substance use disorder. Somatostatin and clock genes also have been implicated in depression, suggesting that these molecules may represent key converging pathways involved in contextual memory processing in substance use and major depression. We used hippocampal tissue from a cohort of subjects with substance use disorder (n = 20), subjects with major depression (n = 20), subjects with comorbid substance use disorder and major depression (n = 24) and psychiatrically normal control subjects (n = 20) to test the hypothesis that expression of genes involved in somatostatin signaling and clock genes is altered in subjects with substance use disorder. We identified decreased expression of somatostatin in subjects with substance use disorder and in subjects with major depression. We also observed increased somatostatin receptor 2 expression in subjects with substance use disorder with alcohol in the blood at death and decreased expression in subjects with major depression. Expression of the clock genes Arntl, Nr1d1, Per2 and Cry2 was increased in subjects with substance use disorder. Arntl and Nr1d1 expression in comparison was decreased in subjects with major depression. We observed decreased expression of Gsk3β in subjects with substance use disorder. Subjects with comorbid substance use disorder and major depression displayed minimal changes across all outcome measures. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in history of sleep disturbances in subjects with substance use disorder. Our findings represent the first evidence for altered somatostatin and clock gene expression in the hippocampus of subjects with substance use disorder and subjects with major depression. Altered expression of these molecules may impact memory consolidation and contribute to relapse risk.
Use and perceived usefulness of a just-in-time resonance breathing intervention adjunct for substance use disorder: Contextual and physiological predictors

Craving for alcohol and other drugs is often described as a momentary hyperarousal state that interferes with one's ability to use top-down strategies. As such, it may be best interrupted ‘in the moment' through bottom-up modulation. We recently reported that episodic resonance paced breathing (eRPB) delivered via mobile phone app as an add-on to outpatient treatment for substance use disorder (SUD) was effective at dampening craving over the course of an 8-week intervention (NCT#02579317). However, not all participants engaged with the eRPB app and there was high intra- and inter-individual variability in weekly ratings of usefulness. Here we examined baseline demographic, physiological, and psychiatric measures as well as time-varying exposure to positive, negative, and temptation craving triggers as predictors of frequency of eRPB app use and ratings of usefulness. Seventy-seven outpatient women were randomized to an eRPB (0.1 Hz) or a faster paced breathing sham (0.23 Hz) condition. Baseline measures were assessed within the first 3 weeks of treatment entry prior to randomization. App use frequency, ratings of usefulness, and trigger exposure were measured weekly throughout the intervention. Variables were entered into marginal means models with forward stepwise model selection and examined as predictors of use and usefulness. Frequent app use was associated with a lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD) diagnosis (p = 0.026), higher ratings of usefulness (p < 0.001), and fewer exposures to positive triggers (e.g., celebration, socialization; p < 0.001). There was a trend-level association between frequency of app use and greater cardiovascular capacity at baseline (p = 0.088). Higher ratings of usefulness were associated with greater exposure to negative triggers (e.g,. loneliness, frustration; p < 0.001) and parasympathetic dysregulation at baseline (p = 0.05). A positive relationship between app use frequency and ratings of usefulness was present only in the eRPB group (p = 0.045). Matching ideal candidates and moments to an arousal modulation anti-craving intervention can help streamline screening and implementation of eRPB in the treatment of SUD. Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02579317, identifier NCT02579317.
The contribution of ion channels to shaping macrophage behaviour

The expanding roles of macrophages in physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms now include normal tissue homeostasis, tissue repair and regeneration, including neuronal tissue; initiation, progression, and resolution of the inflammatory response and a diverse array of anti-microbial activities. Two hallmarks of macrophage activity which appear to be fundamental to their diverse cellular functionalities are cellular plasticity and phenotypic heterogeneity. Macrophage plasticity allows these cells to take on a broad spectrum of differing cellular phenotypes in response to local and possibly previous encountered environmental signals. Cellular plasticity also contributes to tissue- and stimulus-dependent macrophage heterogeneity, which manifests itself as different macrophage phenotypes being found at different tissue locations and/or after different cell stimuli. Together, plasticity and heterogeneity align macrophage phenotypes to their required local cellular functions and prevent inappropriate activation of the cell, which could lead to pathology. To execute the appropriate function, which must be regulated at the qualitative, quantitative, spatial and temporal levels, macrophages constantly monitor intracellular and extracellular parameters to initiate and control the appropriate cell signaling cascades. The sensors and signaling mechanisms which control macrophages are the focus of a considerable amount of research. Ion channels regulate the flow of ions between cellular membranes and are critical to cell signaling mechanisms in a variety of cellular functions. It is therefore surprising that the role of ion channels in the macrophage biology has been relatively overlooked. In this review we provide a summary of ion channel research in macrophages. We begin by giving a narrative-based explanation of the membrane potential and its importance in cell biology. We then report on research implicating different ion channel families in macrophage functions. Finally, we highlight some areas of ion channel research in macrophages which need to be addressed, future possible developments in this field and therapeutic potential.