Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extrapolating shortwave geostationary satellite imagery of clouds into nighttime using longwave observations

Abstract. The lack of shortwave (SW, visible, and near-infrared) geostationary satellite data at night results in degradation of many weather forecasts and real-time diagnostic products. We present a method to extrapolate SW GOES-16 advanced baseline imager data through night using nighttime longwave (LW, infrared) observations and the relationships between LW and SW data observed during the previous day. The method is not a forecast since it requires LW nighttime observations but can provide continuity through day, night, and satellite terminator hours. To provide performance statistics, the algorithm is applied during the day so the SW extrapolations can be compared to observations. Typical mean absolute errors (MAEs) range from 1.0% to 12.7% reflectance depending on the SW channel. These MAEs can be predicted using a diagnostic metric called 0-h MAE which quantifies the quality of the algorithm’s input data. In addition to quantitative error statistics, three case studies are presented, including an animation of extrapolated imagery from dusk through dawn. Considerations for future improvements include use of convolutional neural networks and/or object-based extrapolations where mesoscale features are extrapolated individually.
Waste segregation and potential for recycling -A case study in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Waste segregation is an important component in the waste management chain as it makes it possible to realize effective Reuse, Recycling and Recovery (RRR). Unfortunately, it has received little attention and is normally informally practiced in most developing countries (DC). It is also affected by lack of awareness, weak regulatory frameworks and enforcement, lack of economic incentive and a low priority in planning. This study was conducted in Kimara ward in Dar es Salaam city in Tanzania. It employed interviews, household surveys and waste measurements, to establish the potential for RRR as well as the underlying factors that are related to the community perspectives and strategies for enhancement of RRR. Results show that the generation rate was 0.53 kg/Cap.day and the main type was food waste (>60% of the composition by weight). The study revealed further that reuse and recycling of plastics, electronics and metals are informally practiced and the selling chain is from household to waste collectors to recycling centers and finally to industries. The potential for RRR was found to be high but, it is affected by lack of facilities, inadequate enforcement of the policy as well as lack of awareness and strategies for its promotion. Community perceptions on what could be done to improve segregation include the provision of facilities for waste segregation and financial returns to the community from recycling business could promote RRR. Formulation of strategies to formalize and mainstream RRR into training programmes and adequate enforcement mechanisms are some of the recommended policy actions.
The non-linear effect of technological diversification on regional productivity: implications for growth and Smart Specialisation Strategies

ABSTRACT With a sample of 268 European Union (EU) regions and multilevel modelling, we demonstrate that different technological diversification measures measured as coherence and entropy-variety have different non-linear effects on regional productivity growth. These non-linear effects work in opposite directions to each other. Our analysis shows that higher regional productivity returns can be found in regions investing both around their existing technological capabilities as well as in more distant knowledge domains. Our findings have significant implications for understanding regional productivity growth processes and the implementation of Smart Specialisation Strategies.
Contributions from Literature for Understanding Wine Marketing

Marketing for wines is a determinant tool for several stakeholders within the wine sector, but there are not many studies concerning the topic “wine marketing” and even fewer that take a bibliometric approach. In turn, wine is a strategic agri-food product for the economy of several countries around the world, particularly in Mediterranean countries. Beyond the economic level, wine has an environmental, social, and cultural dimension. All these dimensions have implications in any plan for the wine sector and should be taken into account. In addition, these dimensions change around the world in accordance with different local factors. In this way, sometimes, it is not easy to design adjusted marketing plans for the wine sector, namely, in international markets. Taking the frameworks into account, the main objective of this study is to explore the scientific documents available on scientific platforms, namely, in the Web of Science, related to “wine marketing”. These studies (87 documents) were first explored through bibliometric software, such as the VOSviewer and the Atlas.ti, and then analyzed individually to capture the main insights shown by the scientific literature about wine marketing. To better organize the literature survey, with the information obtained from the bibliometric analysis, the following indexes were identified through factor analysis: “supply index”, “demand index”, “winery strategy index”, “tourism index”, “innovation index”, and “wine characteristics index”. The supply index highlights questions related to new technologies, climate change, logistics in international markets, institutions and regulations, being the main factors that influence wine producers. The demand index stresses the relevance, for consumers, of the relationship between the price and quality of a wine. On the other hand, younger consumers, in general, consume wine outdoors while socializing, giving importance to the label, often when the wine is recommended by someone. Older consumers give greater importance to the wine’s variety and to its region of origin. The winery strategy index shows the importance of questions relating to agri-chains, market differentiation, the history, and the brand. The tourism index brings together aspects associated with the complementarity between activities in the wine sector, wine routes, and contributions from culture and landscape. The innovation index highlights aspects related to the quality and the perceptions of the consumers. Finally, the wine characteristics index shows the little importance given by scientific literature relating to wine marketing and to attributes such as alcohol. A search on the Web of Science for the topic addressed here and “bibliometric” showed that there has been no research carried out with the approach taken here, showing the novelty of this study.
Fluid-structure interaction problems involving deformable membranes : application to blood flows at macroscopic and microscopic scales

This thesis deals with several scientific aspects inherent to the numerical simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems involving thin deformable membranes. Two specific cases relevant to cardiovascular biomechanics are considered: the interaction of the blood flow with the aortic valve (which occurs at the macroscopic scale), and the interaction of the red blood cells membrane with its inner and outer fluids (which occurs at the microscopic scale). In both cases, the fluid-structure interaction coupling is handled using an immersed boundary formalism, representing the membrane by a Lagrangian mesh moving through an Eulerian fluid mesh. When dealing with red blood cells dynamics, the membrane is considered to be an infinitely thin and massless structure. The first question which is addressed in the present thesis work is how to model the complex microstructure of the red blood cells membrane. A possible way to characterize a suitable membrane model is to simulate the optical tweezers experiment, which is a well-controlled experimental configuration enabling to study the individual mechanics of an isolated red blood cell in a large range of deformation. Some relevant membrane models are identified, but the deformation characteristics measured during the optical tweezers experiment reveal to be not selective enough to be used in a validation context. Additional deformation measurements are proposed, which could allow a better characterization of the red blood cell membrane mechanics. Regarding the macroscopic configurations, an innovative numerical method is proposed to handle numerical simulations of 3D continuum membranes, still within the immersed boundary formalism. In this method, called immersed thick boundary method, the membrane has a finite thickness. The accuracy and robustness of the method are demonstrated through a variety of well-chosen test cases. Then, the proposed method is applied to a realistic fluid-structure interaction problem, namely the interaction of a pulsatile (blood) flow with a biomimetic aortic valve. A combined experimental and numerical study is led, showing that the method is able to capture the global dynamics of the valve, as well as the main features of the flow downstream of the valve. All the developments were performed within the YALES2BIO solver (http://www.math.univ-montp2.fr/~yales2bio/) developed at IMAG, which is thus available for further improvements, validations and applicative studies.
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Ocelli in the Damtjernite Dykes and Sills, Chadobets Uplift, Siberian Craton: Evidence of the Fluid–Lamprophyric Magma Interaction

The study reports petrography, mineralogy and carbonate geochemistry and stable isotopy of various types of ocelli (silicate-carbonate globules) observed in the lamprophyres from the Chadobets Uplift, southwestern Siberian craton. The Chadobets lamprophyres are related to the REE-bearing Chuktukon carbonatites. On the basis of their morphology, mineralogy and relation with the surrounding groundmass, we distinguish three types of ocelli: carbonate-silicate, containing carbonate, scapolite, sodalite, potassium feldspar, albite, apatite and minor quartz ocelli (K-Na-CSO); carbonate–silicate ocelli, containing natrolite and sodalite (Na-CSO); and silicate-carbonate, containing potassium feldspar and phlogopite (K-SCO). The K-Na-CSO present in the most evolved damtjernite with irregular and polygonal patches was distributed within the groundmass; the patches consist of minerals identical to minerals in ocelli. Carbonate in the K-Na-CSO are calcite, Fe-dolomite and ankerite with high Sr concentration and igneous-type REE patterns. The Na-CSO present in Na-rich damtjernite with geochemical signature indicates the loss of the carbonate component. Carbonate phases are calcite and Fe-dolomite, and they depleted in LREE. The K-SCO was present in the K-rich least-evolved damtjernite. Calcite in the K-SCO has the highest Ba and the lowest Sr concentration and U-shaped REE pattern. The textural, mineralogical and geochemical features of the ocelli and their host rock can be interpreted as follows: (i) the K-Na-CSO are droplets of an alkali–carbonate melt that separated from residual alkali and carbonate-rich melt in highly evolved damtjernite; (ii) the Na-CSO are droplets of late magmatic fluid that once exsolved from a melt and then began to dissolve; (iii) the K-SCO are bubbles of K-P-CO2 fluid liberated from an almost-crystallised magma during the magmatic–hydrothermal stage. The geochemical signature of the K-SCO carbonate shows that the late fluid could leach REE from the host lamprophyre and provide for REE mobility.
Nematodes of Amphibians from the South American Chaco: Distribution, Host Specificity and Ecological Aspects

This is the first review of the nematode parasites of amphibians from Dry Chaco (DC) and Humid Chaco (HC) ecoregions of South America, covering aspects related to their systematics, distribution, host range and ecology, including their life cycles. Of approximately 100 species of amphibians that inhabit these ecoregions, the nematode parasites of 32 species are known. The parasite species consisted of 51 taxa: 27 in HC and 18 in DC. The family Cosmocercidae alone included 18 species. Aplectana hylambatis and Cosmocerca podicipinus showed the widest geographical and host distribution. Leptodactylus bufonius and Rhinella major presented a high number of nematode parasites. The species richness of nematodes was related to the host body sizes and to the strategy to obtain prey. The mean species richness was higher in terrestrial amphibians with intermediate characteristics in the generalist–specialist spectrum in terms of diet, and in amphibians with intermediate characteristics between actively foraging and the “sit-and-wait” approach in terms of searching for prey. The patterns of similarity among amphibian species showed groups linking with their habitats. Nematodes usually have direct life cycles with the infectious form entering the host passively or actively. However, many amphibians are also involved in heteroxenous cycles that develop in the aquatic environment.
Stacked Autoencoder Framework of False Data Injection Attack Detection in Smart Grid

The advanced communication technology provides new monitoring and control strategies for smart grids. However, the application of information technology also increases the risk of malicious attacks. False data injection (FDI) is one kind of cyber attacks, which cannot be detected by bad data detection in state estimation. In this paper, a data-driven FDI attack detection framework of the smart grid with phasor measurement units (PMUs) is proposed. To enhance the detecting accuracy and efficiency, the multiple layer autoencoder algorithm is applied to abstract the hidden features of PMU measurements layer by layer in an unsupervised manner. Then, the features of the measurements and corresponding labels are taken as inputs to learn a softmax layer. Last, the autoencoder and softmax layer are stacked to form a FDI detection framework. The proposed method is applied on the IEEE 39-bus system, and the simulation results show that the FDI attacks can be detected with higher accuracy and computational efficiency compared with other artificial intelligence algorithms.
PWM Selection Method for High Performance of Two-Level Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters in High Load Power Factor Ranges

In this paper, a pulse-width modulation (PWM) selection method for two-level three-phase voltage source inverters (VSIs) is presented to reduce the common-mode voltage (CMV) or the DC-link capacitor current (DCC) in high load power factor ranges. In general, the high CMV generates the large common-mode current, which causes electromagnetic emissions and motor damage. Also, the large DCC aggravates the lifespan and increases the size of the DC-link capacitors. Therefore, decreasing the CMV and DCC is necessary in the VSI systems. For this purpose, various PWM strategies, such as active zero-state PWM, near-state PWM, extended double-carrier PWM, and multi-carrier generalized discontinuous PWM, are reviewed. Furthermore, based on these PWM strategies, the PWM selection method is proposed to effectively reduce the CMV and DCC. The effectiveness of the PWM selection method is verified by simulation and experimental results with a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system.
Risk as an Approach to Regulatory Governance: An Evidence Synthesis and Research Agenda

Governments around the world have begun to develop and implement risk governance and risk-based regulation and are often inspired by the insights from risk studies in doing so. Following these developments, scholars have begun to map, explore, and interrogate risk governance models and strategies and risk-based regulatory approaches and instruments, and their performance. This article presents an evidence of academic literature on risk as an approach to regulatory governance. It follows the logic and applies tools of meta-research, a systematic and replicable process of synthesizing research findings across a body of original research. Following a staged approach, 135 peer-reviewed journal articles from an initial body of 1,125 articles were analyzed. The article presents the main findings from the evidence synthesis, presents the gaps in our knowledge, and suggests a future agenda for research on risk as an approach to regulatory governance. The article finds that despite ongoing conceptual and normative debates about the need for risk governance and risk-based regulation, we lack a good understanding of how it operates in practice. Future scholarship is urged to be critical of the potential gap between academic and policy rhetoric on risk-based regulatory governance and the application of this approach to regulatory governance on the ground.
Administration of platelet-rich plasma or concentrated bone marrow aspirate after mechanically induced ischemia improves biochemical parameters in skeletal muscle

ischemia is known to cause structural and functional damage to skeletal muscle. in this research platelet-rich plasma (PrP) and cell bone marrow aspirate (cBMa) which are considered to be promising in regenerative medicine were used to improve the animal muscles condition after ischemia. Mechanically induced ischemia (Mii) of the rabbit skeletal muscles was caused by applying a tourniquet to the hind limb for 6 hours. at 6 h after tourniquet was removed the rabbit PrP or cBMa solutions were injected into the tibia muscle and animals were divided into experimental groups (n = 15): 1 – ischemia + saline, 2 – ischemia + PrP, 3 – ischemia + cBMa. intact animals were the control group (n = 5). animals were removed from the experiment on 5, 15, and 30 th days of reperfusion after ischemia. a progressive hypotrophy, muscle fibers de struction and leukocyte infiltration was observed after tibia muscle Mii. the ischemic state was accompanied by catalase and superoxide dismutase activation, persistent No 2- overproduction and a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity in the muscle homogenates. it was shown that after PrP or cBMa local injection into the ischemic muscle catalase activity remained at the elevated level, sod activity approached the control level and the most pronounced effects were No 2- level decrease and glutathioperoxidase activity restoration. after cBMa injection angiogenesis activation and the increase in the number of nuclei in the muscle fibrils were observed. the obtained data allow to expand the range of biochemical parameters for assessing the muscles condition after ischemia and indicate a positive effect of platelet-rich plasma and cell bone marrow aspirate injection on skeletal muscle regeneration.
What do you pay for all you can eat? Pricing practices and strategies in streaming media services

ABSTRACT The role that prices play for streaming media services is yet to be comprehensively and comparatively analysed with an international outlook. In this paper, we present results on music and video streaming prices, based on analysis of a data set of prices and information on pricing models and price developments. The data set spans 2008 to 2019, five streaming services, and nine countries across four continents. We provide comparative overviews of real prices and developments over the years studied and purchasing power-adjusted pricing across countries, as well as country-by-country assessments. Finally, our results show significant divergences in the pricing practices and strategies of Spotify and Netflix. The access-based pricing structure of streaming comes forth as highly contingent on demand-side factors and competitive structures.
Enhanced NH3 capture by imidazolium-based protic ionic liquids with different anions and cation substituents

BACKGROUND Ionic liquids have become potential absorbents to treat exhausted gases containing NH3, which threatens the living environment of human beings. RESULTS In this study, 10 kinds of protic and conventional ILs were synthesized and characterized and their densities, viscosities and thermal decomposition temperatures were measured. The NH3 solubility in ILs from the VLE experiments revealed that the chain length of cations had little influence on the NH3 solubility of the protic ILs because of the high NH3 capacities in protic ILs resulting from protic hydrogen atom compared to the conventional ILs. Besides, the 2-H atom on the cation influenced the NH3 solubility in both protic and conventional ILs with different trends as the pressure increased. Considering the effect of anions with the same cation [Bim]+, the order of NH3 solubility in protic ILs was [Bim][NTf2] > [Bim][SCN] > [Bim][NO3]. Dynamic absorption of NH3 in [Eim][NTf2] preliminarily revealed that the absorption was fast under ambient pressure and through 5 cycles of absorption and desorption, the NH3 absorption ability kept stable. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between the NH3 solubility and the structures of both protic and conventional ILs were revealed, indicating the protic ILs as an alternative material for the treatment of NH3 - containing exhausted gases.
AR2Det: An Accurate and Real-Time Rotational One-Stage Ship Detector in Remote Sensing Images

Ship detection plays a significant role in the high-resolution remote sensing (HRRS) community, but it is a challenging task due to the complex contents within HRRS images and the diverse orientation of ships. Recently, with the development of deep learning, the performance of the HRRS ship detection model has been improved greatly. Most of them employ deep networks and complicate anchor mechanism to get well ship detection results. Nevertheless, this kind of combination limits the detection efficiency. To address this problem, a new approach named accurate and real-time rotational ship detector (AR2Det) is proposed in this article to detect ships without the anchor mechanism. Based on the extracted features by the feature extraction module (FEM) and the central information of ships, AR2Det adopts two simple modules, ship detector (SDet) and center detector (CDet), to generate and improve the detection results, respectively. AR2Det is efficient due to the simple postprocessing and the lightweight network. Also, AR2Det performs satisfactorily due to the effective generation and enhancement strategy of bounding boxes. The extensive experiments are conducted on a public HRRS image ship detection dataset HRSC2016. The promising results show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of both accuracy and speed.
Biodegradable Elastic Sponge from Nanofibrous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramic as an Advanced Material for Regenerative Medicine

Biodegradable porous calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics are widely used as synthetic graft substitutes for bone regeneration, owing to their chemical and structural similarity to bone and associated bioactivity in terms of bone‐bonding, osteoconductive, and even osteoinductive properties. Nevertheless, the intrinsic brittleness and poor processability of porous CaP ceramics strongly impair their clinical applicability. Herein, a biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) sponge is developed that consists of a self‐supporting network of seamlessly interwoven hydroxyapatite nanowires and β‐tricalcium phosphate nanofibers and possesses a highly interconnected porous structure with open cell geometry and ultrahigh porosity. Owing to its unique properties, the ceramic sponge can be easily processed into various shapes and dimensions, such as cylindrical scaffolds and thin, flexible membranes. Moreover, the BCP sponge can be introduced into a bone defect in a compacted or folded state from a syringe and, upon wetting, expand to its original shape, thereby filling the cavity. The nanofibrous sponge gradually degrades in vitro and rapidly mineralizes when immersed in simulated body fluid. Moreover, it adsorbs significantly more proteins than a conventional porous BCP ceramic. Finally, the nanofibrous sponge supports the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells comparable to the conventional porous BCP ceramic.