Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflection and learning robustness in a natural language conceptual physics tutoring system

This thesis investigates whether reflection after tutoring with the Itspoke qualitative physics tutoring system can improve both near and far transfer learning and retention. This question is formalized in three major hypotheses. H1: that reading a post-tutoring reflective text will improve learning compared to reading a non-reflective text. H2: that a more cohesive reflective text will produce higher learning gains for most students. And H3: that students with high domain knowledge will learn more from a less cohesive text. In addition, this thesis addresses the question of which mechanisms affect learning from a reflective text. Secondary hypotheses H4 and H5 posit that textual cohesion and student motivation, respectively, each affect learning by influencing the amount of inference performed while reading. These hypotheses were tested by asking students to read a reflective/abstractive text after tutoring with the Itspoke tutor. This text compared dialog parts in which similar physics principles had been applied to different situations. Students were randomly assigned among two experimental conditions which got “high" or “low" cohesion versions of this text, or a control condition which read non-reflective physics material after tutoring. The secondary hypotheses were tested using two measures of cognitive load while reading: reading speeds and a self-report measure of reading difficulty. Near and far transfer learning was measured using sets of questions that were mostly isomorphic vs. non-isomorphic to the tutored problems, and retention was measured by administering both an immediate and a delayed post-test. Motivation was measured using a questionnaire. Reading a reflective text improved learning, but only for students with a middle amount of motivation, confirming H1 for that group. These students also learned more from a more cohesive reflective text, supporting H2. Cohesion also affected high and low knowledge students significantly differently, supporting H3, except that high knowledge students learned best from high, not low cohesion text. Students with higher amounts of motivation did have higher cognitive load, confirming hypothesis H5 and suggesting that they engaged the text more actively. However, secondary hypothesis H4 failed to show a role for cognitive load in explaining the learning interaction between knowledge and cohesion demonstrated in H3.
SHARF: An algorithm for adapting IIR digital filters

The concept of adaptation in digital filtering has proven to be a powerful and versatile means of signal processing in applications where precise a priori filter design is impractical. Adaptive filters have traditionally been implemented with FIR structures, making their analysis fairly straightforward but leading to high computation cost in many cases of practical interest (e.g, sinusoid enhancement). This paper introduces a class of adaptive algorithms designed for use with IIR digital filters which offer a much reduced computational load for basically the same performance. These algorithms have their basis in the theory of hyperstability, a concept historically associated with the analysis of closed-loop nonlinear time-varying control systems. Exploiting this theory yields HARF, a hyperstable adaptive recursive filtering algorithm which has provable convergence properties. A simplified version of the algorithm, called SHARF, is then developed which retains provable convergence at low convergence rates and is well suited to real-time applications. In this paper both HARF and SHARF are described and some background into the meaning and utility of hyperstability is given, in addition, computer simulations are presented for two practical applications of IIR adaptive filters: noise and multi-path cancellation.
A Frequent Item Sets Computing Algorithm Based on MapReduce

Traditional method mining for association rules between items in large and grand data sets is inefficient. In this paper we present an efficient method called BPMRA which is based on mapreduce and partition. We have compared BPMRA algorithm based multi-node and partition based single node method and performed some experiments. It turns out that BPMRA possesses high parallelism good stability and scalability, especially suitable for mining for association rules in large and grand data sets.
Performance Analysis of Local Optimization Algorithms in Traveling Salesman Problem

There are plenty of intelligence algorithms and heuristic algorithms for TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem). In this paper, local optimization algorithm which is a good representative of heuristic algorithms was analyzed. The performance of 2-opt (optimization), 3-opt and 4-opt were analyzed and compared through experiments. To reduce running time and improve their feasibility, a modification was made on 3-opt and 4-opt. Ant colony optimization as a good representative of intelligence algorithm was combined with k-opt to analyze. The results provide reference to application of k-opt and designing optimization algorithms for TSP in future.
Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)‐ and (S)‐α‐Amino‐3‐piperidinylphosphonic Acids via Phosphite Addition to Iminium Ions.

SYNTHESIS 2007, No. 2, pp 0289–0293xx.xx. 2007 Advanced online publication: 21.12. 2006 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-958952; Art ID: T13906SS © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York Abstract: a-Amino-3-piperidinylphosphonates were conveniently prepared from 3-piperidinone, by nucleophilic addition of phosphite to the iminium ion formed by in situ condensation of this ketone with chiral benzylic amines. Subsequent deprotection of N-Boc group, cleavage of the benzyl groups and acidic hydrolysis of the resulting a-amino-3-piperidinylphosphonates gave, in a four-step sequence from piperidinone, the enantiopure a-amino-3-piperidinylphosphonic acids. The absolute configuration has been established by X-ray crystal structure analysis of the N-(4-nitrobenzoyl)aminophosphonate derivative.
A classical mind: essays in honour of C. A. R. Hoare

1. Interaction Categories and Communicating Sequential Processes2. Relational Program Derivation and Context-free Language Recognition3. Formal Model of Robots: Geometry and kinematics4. Fair Communicating Processes5. Hiding and Behaviour: An Institutional approach6. Monitors Revisited7. On the design of Calculational Proofs8. Proof of Correctness of Object Representations9. A Mechanized Hoare Logic of State Transitions10. Constant-space Quicksort11. From CSP to Hybrid Systems12. Abstractions of Time13. Software Development Method14. Process Algebra Arguments about an Object-based Design Notation15. Bracket Notation for the 'Coefficient of' Operator16. Implementing Coherent Memory17. How to Design a Parallel Computer18. Powerlist: A Structure for parallel recursion19. The Cuppest Capjunctive Capping, and Galois20. The Advantages of Free Choice: A symmetric and fully distributed solution21. Model-checking CSP22. The Semantics of Id23. Correctness of Data Representations on Algol-like Languages24. Software is History! 25. A Mean Value Calculus of Durations
Visualization of Soybean Milk Measurement Signal Acquisition Phenomena Based on MATLAB

In this research, an approach is described that emphasized using visualization to teach synthetically experiment course. This research discusses the multi-lessons and synthetically education, the way the visualization experiment course overcome the difficulties in organizing teaching contents is used true research items stemmed from teachers. This approach includes allowing the students to select their own choice of accomplishing circuit board manufacture, teaching all signal collection, data acquisition, signal process with the help of conceptual visualization based on Matlab, making the students to come up with hand drawn mathematical result before they start simulation, motivating student searching for new algorithms leading to the creation of the system.
A Conceptual Framework and Comparison of Spatial Data Models

This paper examines the major types of spatial data models currently known and places these models in a comprehensive framework. This framework is used to provide clarification of how varying data models, as well as their inherent advantages and disadvantages, are interrelated. It also provides an insight into how these conflicting demands may be balanced in a more systematic and predictable manner for practical applications, and reveals directions for needed future research. On examine les principaux types de modeles de donnees spatiales actuels, et on les place dans un cadre global. Ce cadre est utilise pour eclaircir comment ces divers modeles spatiaux, de meme que leurs avantages et desavantages, sont interrelies. Le cadre laisse aussi voir comment ces demandes contradictoires peuvent etre equilibrees d'une facon plus systematique et previsible pour des applications pratiques, et revele les directions que doit prendre la recherche future.
Exploring the effects of task characteristics on knowledge sharing in libraries

Purpose – Knowledge sharing intention and group identity are the keys to improving library service quality. The purpose of this paper is to integrate work design questionnaire and affective events theory to understand the relationship between task characteristics and knowledge sharing quality in the context of the library.Design/methodology/approach – Data collected from 204 professional librarians in various libraries provide strong support for the proposed research model. A structural equation modelling analysis was performed using LISREL. The adequacy of the measurement model was evaluated on the criteria of reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity.Findings – The paper shows that sharing intention and group identity have important effects on knowledge quality. Task characteristics, such as work methods, task variety and social feedback, have strong effects on group identity.Research limitations/implications – The findings imply that only work methods and social feedback have strong ef.
Wavelet analysis of satellite images for coastal monitoring

Algorithms and techniques for automated detection and tracking of mesoscale features from satellite imagery employing wavelet analysis are presented. The wavelet transform has been applied to satellite images, such as those from synthetic aperture radar (SAR), Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), and Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) for feature extraction and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) data for sea ice drift. The evolution of mesoscale features such as oil slicks, fronts, eddies, and ice floes/textures can be tracked by the wavelet analysis using satellite data from repeating paths.
Cooperation of GBP and LVQ networks for optical character recognition

One way to solve the real-world optical character recognition (OCR) problems is described. The strategy chosen was to introduce a neural character recognition box into a classical OCR product. The authors recall the different steps involved in the OCR process. Some of the problems arising in the design of a database for the training of neural networks on OCR and recognition are discussed. They tested several multilayer perceptron architectures, using strong constraints and shared weights, and showed that the cooperation between the generalised backpropagation (GBP) and LVQ algorithms resulted in better performance on real-world databases than classical techniques. The speedup of the total recognition process is considered. <<ETX>>
Delving into the Whorl of Flower Segmentation

We describe an algorithm for automatically segmenting flowers in colour photographs. This is a challenging problem because of the sheer variety of flower classes, the intra-class variability, the variation within a particular flower, and the variability of imaging conditions ‐ lighting, pose, foreshortening etc. The method couples two models ‐ a colour model for foreground and background, and a generic shape model for the petal structure. This shape model is tolerant to viewpoint changes and petal deformations, and applicable across many different flower classes. The segmentations are produced using a MRF cost function optimized using graph cuts. The algorithm is tested on 13 flower classes and more than 750 examples. Performance is assessed against ground truth segmentations.
3Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·8H2O: A Metastable Phase in the System Mg(OH)2—MgSO4—H2O.

3Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·8H2O (3-1-8 phase) and 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·2H2O (5-1-2 phase) are obtained from OH- supersaturated MgSO4 solutions which are obtained by suspending highly reactive MgO in differently concentrated MgSO4 solutions followed by filtration and storage at 25 (3-1-8 phase) or 40 °C (5-1-2 phase).
Bounds for certain multiprocessing anomalies

It is known that in multiprocessing systems composed of many identical processing units operating in parallel, certain timing anomalies may occur; e.g., an increase in the number of processing units can cause an increase in the total length of time needed to process a fixed set of tasks. In this paper, precise bounds are derived for several anomalies of this type.
Simulation models for surface mines

ABSTRACT The ease and speed of constructing computer simulation models using the GPSS programming language is discussed. GPSS is a computer programming language and so each problem requires a separate program to be written. However, this is not a problem since the programs can be written in a matter of hours or days. This is the case for even the most complicated mining situations The examples presented here represent three different mining situations from actual mines in Australia. It is shown that the GPSS language provides a rapid, inexpensive and very accurate method of simulating a variety of surface mining operations.
Building web-based spatial information solution around open specifications and open source software: a case study of web-based demographic information system of Changzhou

The paper describes the development of the WebGIS, discuss and analyses WebGIS framework based on open specifications and open source software, try to build Client-Server and Browser-Server hybrid web-based demographic information prototype system of Changzhou based on open source software, which is low-cost, system components, flexible on functional customization, simple to maintain and update, high performance, well interactive and integration.
Decay Processes in Rooms with Non-Diffuse Sound Fields Part I: Ceiling Treatment with Absorbing Material

The decay process in rooms with non-diffuse sound fields was the subject of this investigation. A rectangular room with high absorption at the ceiling and low absorption at the walls and floor constituted the basic configuration for the study. Several alterations of the room were carried out, including changes of room dimensions and the type of ceiling absorber, also additional treatment with absorbent material. The effects of these alterations on the decay curves were analysed. In order to predict the gross features of the decay curves, a two-system Statistical Energy Analysis model was developed. The sound field was subdivided into a grazing and nongrazing part. The grazing part comprised modes with propagation direction almost parallel to the ‘principal’ surface (generally the absorbent ceiling). The nongrazing part comprised the oblique modes, of importance for the decay process. The angle dependent absorbent properties of the principal surface were taken into account when subdividing the sound field into a grazing and nongrazing part. Measured and calculated decay curves for different room configurations were compared.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐7,11‐Helianane and (+)‐5‐Chloro‐7,11‐helianane through Stereoselective Aromatic Claisen Rearrangement

The aromatic bisabolene sesquiterpene of marine origin (+)-7,11-helianane (1) and its moderately cytotoxic halogenated relative (+)-5-chloro-7,11-helianane (3) have been synthesized by a concise, stereoselective route. By capitalizing on a palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation (Pd-AAA) reaction, followed by a thermal (uncatalyzed) aromatic Claisen rearrangement, which allowed for the installation of the required benzylic stereocenter, the aforementioned natural products were secured in 80 % ee, with almost complete transfer of stereochemical information during the [3,3] sigmatropic process. The enantioselective total synthesis confirmed the recently proved (S) absolute configuration for (+)-7,11-helianane (1) and demonstrated the same configuration, for the first time, in the case of (+)-5-chloro-7,11-helianane (3).
Cyberphysical Security in Networked Control Systems: An Introduction to the Issue

This special issue provides an introduction to cyberphysical security of networked control systems (NCSs) and summarizes recent progress in applying fundamentals of systems theory and decision sciences to this new and increasingly promising area. NCS applications range from large-scale industrial applications to critical infrastructures such as water, transportation, and electricity networks. The security of NCSs naturally depends on the integration of cyber and physical dynamics and on different ways in which they are affected by the actions of human decision makers. Thus, problems in this area lie at the intersection of control systems and computer security. The six articles that constitute this special issue approach cyberphysical security from a variety of perspectives, including control theory, optimization, and game theory. They cover a range of topics such as models of attack and defense, risk assessment, his special issue provides an introduction to cyberphysical security of networked control systems (NCSs) and summarizes recent progress in applying fundamentals of systems theory and decision sciences to this new and increasingly promising area. NCS applications range from large-scale industrial applications to critical infrastructures such as water, transportation, and electricity networks. The security of NCSs naturally depends on the integration of cyber and physical dynamics and on different ways in which they are affected by the actions of human decision makers. Thus, problems in this area lie at the intersection of control systems and computer security. The six articles that constitute this special issue approach cyberphysical security from a variety of perspectives, including control theory, optimization, and game theory. They cover a range of topics such as models of attack and defense, risk assessment,attack detection and identification, and secure control design.A common theme among these contributions is an emphasis on the development of a principled approach to cyberphysical security of NCS.
Analysis of a multimodal-camera and its advantages for autonomous vehicles

For autonomous vehicles and robots a fast, complete, and reliable acquisition of the environment is crucial for almost every task they perform. To fulfil this, optical sensors with different spectral sensibility are one of the most important sensors as they provide very rich information about the scene. Regarding outdoor environments, the contained dynamics are very high which arise on the one hand from object movements and self motion and on the other hand from changing lighting conditions due to varying weather conditions. These high dynamics hinder a reliable scene acquisition using conventional optical sensors as they only offer a limited sampling rate, resolution, and dynamic range. To overcome these limitations without using specialized hardware we propose an assembly of several cameras and beam-splitters which we call a multimodal-camera. The cameras take images from the same scene from slightly different viewpoints and with diverse parameters like exposure, or shutter time which are all adjustable. By combing these images and applying techniques from computer graphics, we are able to create an output by computation that covers the scene's high dynamics and can be used for a reliable scene analysis.
An overview of cable modem technology and market perspectives

Cable modem technology enables its users to access the Internet at line speeds of some 300 kb/s and above. It utilizes coaxial cables entering subscribers' premises to simultaneously deliver cable TV programs, access the Internet, and also provide voice telephony. This overview article describes the basic technology, its standardization, and the huge potential market worldwide.
SRL-GSM: A hybrid approach based on semantic role labeling and general statistic method for text summarization

Sentence extraction techniques are commonly used to produce extraction summaries. The goal of text summarization based on extraction approach is to identify the most important set of sentences for the overall understanding of a given document. One of the methods to obtain suitable sentences is to assign some numerical measure of a sentence for summary called sentence weighting and then select the best ones. In this study, we propose Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) approach to improve the quality of the summary created by the general statistic method. We calculate a couple of sentence semantic similarity based on the similarity of the pair of words using WordNet thesaurus to discover the word relationship between sentences. We perform text summarization based on General Statistic Method (GSM) and then combine it with the SRL method. We compare our results with the baseline summarizer and Microsoft Word 2007 summarizers. The results show that SRL-GSM and GSM give the best average precision, recall and f-measure for creation of summaries.
Research on Co-ordination Method for Task Allocation

In this paper, a coordination method to solve task allocation problems in manufacturing system is proposed. in- spired by the ability of the ants to establish the shortest route from their nests to the food source and back, researchers found out that these ants secrete a substance called 'pheromone' and use its trails as a medium for communicating infor- mation among each other. The pheromone-based static and dynamic coordination algorithms for task allocation are also presented. Experimental results demonstrate that this method is effective and therefore it can provide a feasible way for dealing with an actual allocation problem of production tasks in manufacturing areas.
Selecting the best of the worst: the grammar of Hebrew blends

Blends, also called portmanteau words, are formed by fusing two words into one new word, where internal portions of the base words are often subtracted (one segmental string from the right part of the first word and another from the left part of the second word). For example, the English blend nixonomics has been formed by combining nixon and economics and subtracting the string neco. (For clarity of exposition, blends will be usually represented as nixo nomics, where the subtracted material is enclosed in angled brackets and the boundary between the base elements is indicated by ⋅).
Applications of Polynomial Transforms in Image Coding and Computer Vision

In this paper, we describe how the recently developed technique of polynomial transforms can be applied in image coding. Two related algorithms, based on two-dimensional (2D) and one-dimensional (1D) polynomial approximations respectively, are presented. It is subsequently shown how the latter coding algorithm could be improved by including ideas from the field of computer vision.