Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underpricing on the Selected European Alternative Investment Markets

Abstract The phenomenon of underpricing is the subject of many studies on the stock markets, but there is still a research gap referring to the European Alternative Investment Markets, markets for small and medium companies. They are a source of capital and such an anomaly as underpricing could be a barrier for development of young companies. It means so-called money left on the table, which constrain the effectiveness of the market. The purpose of the paper is to analyze whether lower entry regulations on the European Alternative Investment Markets are correlated with the higher value of underpricing as the demonstration of higher investing risk. We calculate raw initial returns with different equilibrium prices for three European Alternative Investment Markets and confirm that NewConnect, the market with the lighter legal environment, has the highest initial returns for the first day of trading, however after one month returns turn out to be significantly lower than on the other two markets and differs for aftermarket rate of returns. Our results suggest that there is a premium for higher risk on NewConnect, but only after one month rate of returns turn out to be negative, which can suggest that market participants verify very quickly the quality of issuers.
Anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of foliar extract from a tropical species: Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) grown in Algeria

Abstract Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a fruit tree largely used in folk medicine in tropical and subtropical areas. This exotic species was introduced in a botanical garden in the northeast of Algeria in the 1950’s. The aim of this study is to estimate, for the first time, the antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of P. guajava growing in Algeria. Six antioxidant assays were tested, results showed very important efficiency in free radical scavenging, reducing power and β-carotene bleaching of tested extracts. Values of IC50 or A0.5 of some samples were lower than those of standards. With regard to anticholinesterase activity, the inhibitory of both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) was investigated. The extracts exhibited interesting capacity to inhibit these enzymes with low values of IC50 and even less than that of galanthamine. These activities were correlated with total phenolic content which was more important compared to the one found in extracts from trees growing in tropical and subtropical region. This could be due to resistance and adaptation of P. guajava grown in Algeria. The data obtained suggest the use of bioactive compounds from P. guajava leaves as antioxidant and drugs for symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer disease.
Experiential Service Learning: Building skills and sensitivity with Kolb’s learning theory

ABSTRACT Preparing a healthcare workforce able to respond to the growing complexity of health issues facing older adults is a critical issue for interprofessional educators. Students are in need of experiences promoting confidence and skill in communicating with older adults with cognitive issues. Student emotional and cognitive responses to an interprofessional Music and Memory® project in long term care facilities were evaluated. Forty-eight students met with assigned adults weekly to develop personalized music playlists and complete a journal entry. Student participants demonstrated improved interpersonal connections, enhanced professional skills, and increased empathy toward clients. Results are explored within the context of Kolb’s Learning Theory and application of the evaluation outcomes for interprofessional education.
NEIL1 and NEIL2 DNA glycosylases protect neural crest development against mitochondrial oxidative stress

Base excision repair (BER) functions not only in the maintenance of genomic integrity but also in active DNA demethylation and epigenetic gene regulation. This dual role raises the question if phenotypic abnormalities resulting from deficiency of BER factors are due to DNA damage or impaired DNA demethylation. Here we investigate the bifunctional DNA glycosylases/lyases NEIL1 and NEIL2, which act in repair of oxidative lesions and in epigenetic demethylation. Neil-deficiency in Xenopus embryos and differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) leads to a surprisingly restricted defect in cranial neural crest cell (cNCC) development. Neil-deficiency elicits an oxidative stress-induced TP53-dependent DNA damage response, which impairs early cNCC specification. Epistasis experiments with Tdg-deficient mESCs show no involvement of epigenetic DNA demethylation. Instead, Neil-deficiency results in oxidative damage specific to mitochondrial DNA, which triggers a TP53-mediated intrinsic apoptosis. Thus, NEIL1 and NEIL2 DNA glycosylases protect mitochondrial DNA against oxidative damage during neural crest differentiation.
Public Transport Strikes and Their Relationship With Air Pollution, Mortality and Hospital Admissions.

There is limited suggestive evidence of relationships between public transport strikes and either increased air pollution or worse population health. In this study we aimed to assess whether public transport strikes were associated with increases in health events (overall, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality, and cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalizations). We also explored if air pollution mediated those associations. We used data on strikes, health events and ambient air pollution (Nitrogen dioxide, NO2; Nitrogen monoxide, NO; Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 μm, PM10; Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5μm, PM2.5; Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1μm, PM1; particle number >5nm concentration, N; Black Carbon, BC) from the Barcelona city for the period 2005-2016. We used linear and quasi-Poisson regression models to explore the associations between air pollution and public transport strikes and between public transport strikes and health outcomes. Moreover, we investigated potential causal mediation by air pollution. Overall, this study suggests that public transport strikes are associated with increased overall mortality, respiratory mortality and respiratory hospitalizations. However, our findings suggest that such increases are not mediated by the increase in air pollution. Our results indicate the need to further investigate these relationships and potential mechanisms.
Harnessing ward level administrative data and expert knowledge to improve staffing decisions: a multi-method case study.

AIM To investigate the impact of changes to bed configuration and patient mix on nurses' workload in a single ward. DESIGN Multi-method case study. METHOD The study was undertaken in an acute 28-bed ward in a tertiary referral public hospital in Queensland, Australia. Ward-level administrative data were obtained for a two-year period, 12 months before bed configuration changes in October 2015 and 12 months after. These data included patient activity (bed occupancy, transfers, length of stay and casemix) and nurse staffing (budgeted and actual staffing levels, employment status and skill mix). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ward nurses (N=17) to explore the impact of the bed configuration changes on their workload. RESULTS Administrative data showed that the bed configuration changes resulted in more complex and dependent patients, increased patient transfers and greater variability in casemix. The interview data found these changes to patient complexity and activity intensified workloads, which were further increased by staffing decisions that resulted in greater reliance on temporary staff. CONCLUSION Hospitals already possess the data and expert knowledge needed to improve staffing and bed management decisions without the need for additional, costly workload systems. IMPACT Determining appropriate nurse staffing in light of the complexities and variation of patient needs at the ward level remains a challenge. This study identified increases in patient complexity, dependency, variability and churn that increased workload. Staffing grew but hidden factors associated with temporary staffing and skill mix further intensified nurses' workload. Harnessing existing data and the expertise and experience of nursing unit managers would help staff wards more efficiently and effectively, providing reasonable workloads and appropriate skill mix that can enhance the safety and quality of patient care. To facilitate this, nursing unit managers need access to accurate, timely, data and authority in staffing and bed management decisions.
Assessment of Reliability of YouTube Videos on Orthodontics.

Objective In addition to being an entertainment channel, YouTube is also one of the most popular visual information sources today. People search YouTube to consult also on orthodontics, as well as on many other topics. The objective of the present study was to analyze the quality and reliability of information of the videos on YouTube about orthodontics. Methods YouTube was searched systematically by two researchers on orthodontics by using the keywords "Orthodontics," "Orthodontist," and "Orthodontic Treatment. " Videos on the first three pages (60 videos) for each keyword were assessed. Researchers evaluated the reliability of the videos by using the Reliability Score (adapted from DISCERN) and the quality of the videos by using the Global Quality Score (GQS). Results The mean GQS results were 2.6±1.3 for videos in the "Orthodontist" group, 3.2±1.3 for videos in the "Orthodontics" group, and 2.3±1.2 for videos in the "Orthodontic Treatment" group on a 5-point scale. The Reliability Score results were 2, 2, and 1.5 for videos in the "Orthodontist," "Orthodontics," and "Orthodontic Treatment" groups, respectively, on a 5-point scale. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient results presented a positive relationship between the researchers. Conclusion Owing to the lack of peer-review process and pre-upload scientific evaluation process, videos on YouTube can lead the public to misinformation.
Clinical manifestations and outcome analysis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis infection: a retrospective study in 43 nonneutropenic patients

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of early-onset invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in nonneutropenic patients. Methods Retrospective analysis was used to investigate clinical manifestations and auxiliary examination characteristics in 43 patients with IPA and 51 patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the early stage. Results Risk factors of IPA were dust and mold exposure, bronchiectasis, old pulmonary tuberculosis, and nasosinusitis. The incidence rate of complex clinical manifestations was 60.47% during the first week of IPA. The incidence rate of white blood cell (WBC) count >20.0 × 109/L was 51.16%. Lung CT findings indicated incidence rates of single or multiple nodules with a halo sign and central airway expansion with ground glass opacity were 27.9% and 37.21%, respectively. Mortality rates of patients with IPA given empirical and targeted antifungal treatments were 12.0% and 42.9%, respectively. Conclusions Bronchiectasis, old pulmonary tuberculosis, nasosinusitis, and dust and mold exposure may increase the risk of IPA. Single or multiple nodules with a halo sign and central airway expansion with ground glass opacity may be early-stage lung CT findings in patients with IPA. A WBC count >20.0 × 109/L may aid in early diagnosis, and empirical antifungal therapy may reduce mortality in patients with IPA.
Role of piperine in CNS diseases: pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions

ABSTRACT Introduction: Piperine, the major bioactive component from black pepper, has gained increasing attention for its beneficial effects in the central nervous system (CNS). However, its related pharmacodynamics and brain pharmacokinetics, as well as its interaction with other CNS drugs are lacking, which may hinder its therapeutic and safe use. Areas covered: The current review provides an updated summary on CNS activities of piperine, including anti-epileptic, anti-depressive and neurodegeneration protection effect. The brain pharmacokinetic properties of piperine together with the approaches to enhance its aqueous solubility were summarized. Considering the wide use of black pepper and the well-reported alteration on CYP and transporters by piperine, interactions between piperine and CNS drugs are also illustrated for the first time. Expert opinion: Although the CNS beneficial effects of piperine have been extensively studied in preclinical models, clinical evidence on its CNS application is barely available, which may be attributed to its limited aqueous solubility, unclear pharmacokinetic properties in humans and potential toxicities during long-term use at higher doses. Although beneficial interactions between piperine and certain CNS drugs were often reported in preclinical studies, more mechanistic studies with clinically relevant doses should be conducted to provide guidance on their clinical combination use.
Early detection of developmental dysplasia of hip by ultrasound

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of early universal ultrasound (US) screening of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Study design: A prospective study of universal hip screening of all mature neonates was conducted from 2012 to 2013, at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Szeged; 1636 newborns (3272 hips) had clinical examinations and hip ultrasound by the Graf method within the1st 3 days of life. Prevalence of DDH, risk factors, sensitivity and specificity of clinical examinations were evaluated. Results: At the 1st US, 70 of the examined 3272 hips (2.14%) were found to be positive. According to Graf categories, the following distribution was observed: type II C, 21 hips (30.0%); D, 24 hips (34.28%); III, 24 hips (34.28%); IV, 1 hip (1.44%). Regarding the risk factors, female gender, breech presentation and positive family history proved to be significant. Interestingly, 28 (50.90%) of the 55 newborns with DDH had neither positive physical signs nor any risk factors, except being female. The physical examination was calculated for sensitivity (20.0%) and specificity (98.34%). Conclusions: In our 1-year period study, 50.9% of the newborns with DDH had neither any positive physical signs nor any risk factors, except being a female. In contrast, early universal US screening of the hip facilitated to diagnose all cases with hip dysplasia. Hip sonography is an effective mode of prevention in orthopaedics, however further studies are needed to compare the rates of operative procedures in selective versus universal screening models.
Neighborhood Cohesion and Oral Health Problems Among Older Chinese American Immigrants: Does Acculturation Make a Difference?

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Despite an increasing, yet still limited amount of research on social determinants of oral health, the influences of neighborhood characteristics remain understudied, especially within the context of immigration. Acculturation is multidimensional, and its influences on the oral health of immigrants vary across age and ethnic groups. This study investigated the relationship between neighborhood cohesion and oral health problems among older Chinese American immigrants, and whether and to what extent acculturation indicators moderate the relationship between such cohesion and oral health. METHODS The research design and working sample included 3,157 older Chinese American immigrants aged 60 years or older from the baseline of the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago. Neighborhood cohesion was measured by a six-item scale. Oral health problems were measured by the presence or absence of such problems. Acculturation included residence in ethnic enclaves, length of stay, and behavioral acculturation. Stepwise logistic regression models with interaction terms (Neighborhood cohesion × Acculturation) were conducted to examine the association between neighborhood cohesion and oral health problems, accounting for sociodemographics, health conditions, and health behaviors. RESULTS Individuals experiencing higher levels of neighborhood cohesion reported a lower likelihood of having oral health problems. The protective effect of neighborhood cohesion against having oral health problems was stronger when individuals resided in ethnic enclaves such as Chinatown. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS To promote optimal oral health, interventions need to account for individuals' perceptions and levels of integration into their neighborhoods and communities.
Effectiveness of an Avatar application for teaching heart attack recognition and response: a pragmatic randomised control trial.

AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of an Avatar application for educating people with acute coronary syndrome (heart attack). BACKGROUND A lack of understanding of Acute Coronary Syndrome symptoms and appropriate responses often contribute to delay in seeking medical treatment. DESIGN A single-centre, non-blinded, pragmatic randomised controlled trial. METHODS Seventy Acute Coronary Syndrome patients were randomly assigned to the intervention (Avatar application) or usual care groups. Participants were followed up at 0,1 and 6 months. Tobit Growth Curve Model was used to analyse the primary outcome-symptom knowledge; and the secondary outcomes-attitudes and beliefs. Heart attack action plan implementation, health care use were analysed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Of the 70 participants, 63% were male and the mean age of the participants was 64.7 (SD 11.7) years. Sixty-six (94.2%) participants completed follow-up. Between group differences on ACS Response Index scores were statistically significant at one-month and six-month follow-ups (p<0.01). The intervention group had a significant improvement in Symptom Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs over the six-month period (p<0.001, p=0.009, p<0.001 respectively); and no significant improvement in the usual care group participants (p=0.152, p=0.068, p=0.228). For healthcare use, at follow-up, there was a significant difference in ambulance use, between the intervention group and the usual care group (33.33% vs. 18.18%, p=0.008; cardiac: 88.89% vs. 42.86%; p=0.049); 85.14% of participants reported that the application helped them to feel more confident in recognising and responding to symptoms in the future. CONCLUSION The education app was effective in improving individuals' ACS knowledge, attitudes and beliefs. A large multi-centre trial with a longer follow-up to evaluate the intervention's effectiveness on clinical outcomes will be our next step in evaluation.
SAPIEN 3 Ultra - Design and procedural features of a new balloon-expandable valve.

Balloon-expandable (BE) SAPIEN 3 transcatheter heart valves (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) have a track record of excellent deliverability, low risk of paravalvular regurgitation (PVL), permanent pacemaker implantation and incidence of stroke. This technology evolved into the current version by reduction of the delivery profile achieved by alignment of the valve on the balloon in the descending aorta, improvement of sealing by the outer PET skirt and use of an expandable, hydrophilic-coated femoral sheath. In February 2019 a new system — SAPIEN 3 Ultra was launched in Poland. It has important new features which warrant discussion: 1) higher outer skirt with redesigned structure, 2) delivery system (low profile nosecone, on-balloon valve crimping, dual articulation), 3) expandable, seamless delivery sheath. The valve CoCr stent, bovine pericardial leaflets, and inner sealing skirt remain unchanged (Fig. 1). The main goals for the design improvements are simplification of the procedure, further reduction of PVL risk and a decrease in vascular complications [1].
The development of an HIV-specific complexity rating scale

As treatment for HIV improves, an ageing population is experiencing comorbidity which often leads to complex clinical presentations requiring an interdisciplinary care approach. This study sought to quantify clinician assessment of the level of clinical complexity, through the development of a rating scale for people living with HIV (PLHIV), to improve client care through an interdisciplinary care model. An existing alcohol and other drug complexity rating scale was selected and modified for use with PLHIV. HIV-specific items were included through consultation with an interdisciplinary team. A risk-prediction model was developed and validated using clinician ratings of clients attending The Albion Centre, a tertiary HIV clinic in Sydney, Australia, resulting in the development of the Clinical Complexity Rating Scale for HIV (CCRS-HIV). Multivariable logistic regression models identified eight characteristics based on clinician assessment of complexity in PLHIV: financial instability, social isolation, problematic crystal methamphetamine use, mental illness and/or other problematic substance use, cognitive/neurological impairment, polypharmacy, current hepatitis C infection and/or cancer, and other physical health comorbidity. A weighted risk-prediction model was developed and validated. The final model accurately predicted 85% of complex clients, with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 91%. This study developed an HIV-specific clinician-rated complexity scale. Further investigations are required to validate the CCRS-HIV with broader HIV populations. This simple complexity screening tool is a promising adjunct to clinical assessment to identify clients with complex physical and psychosocial needs who may benefit from interdisciplinary care interventions and allocation of resources.
Blood utilisation and transfusion reactions in adult patients transfused with conventional or pathogen‐reduced platelets

Pathogen‐reduced (PR) platelets are routinely used in many countries. Some studies reported changes in platelet and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion requirements in patients who received PR platelets when compared to conventional (CONV) platelets. Over a 28‐month period we retrospectively analysed platelet utilisation, RBC transfusion trends, and transfusion reaction rates data from all transfused adult patients transfused at the Yale‐New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA. We determined the number of RBC and platelet components administered between 2 and 24, 48, 72 or 96 h. A total of 3767 patients received 21 907 platelet components (CONV = 8912; PR = 12 995); 1,087 patients received only CONV platelets (1578 components) and 1,466 patients received only PR platelets (2604 components). The number of subsequently transfused platelet components was slightly higher following PR platelet components (P < 0·05); however, fewer RBCs were transfused following PR platelet administration (P < 0·05). The mean time‐to‐next platelet component transfusion was slightly shorter following PR platelet transfusion (P = 0·002). The rate of non‐septic transfusion reactions did not differ (all P > 0·05). Septic transfusion reactions (N = 5) were seen only after CONV platelet transfusions (P = 0·011). These results provide evidence for comparable clinical efficacy of PR and CONV platelets. PR platelets eliminated septic transfusion reactions without increased risk of other types of transfusions with only slight increase in platelet utilisation.
Multiple Oscillatory Push–Pull Antagonisms Constrain Seizure Propagation

Drug‐resistant focal epilepsy is widely recognized as a network disease in which epileptic seizure propagation is likely coordinated by different neuronal oscillations such as low‐frequency activity (LFA), high‐frequency activity (HFA), or low‐to‐high cross‐frequency coupling. However, the mechanism by which different oscillatory networks constrain the propagation of focal seizures remains unclear.