Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Myocard of Rat

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine (100µg/kg-ip) on ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in myocard of rats. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were separated into four groups. There were four experimental groups (Group C (Control; n=6), Group IR (ischemia-reperfusion, n=6), Group D (Dexmedetomidine; n=6), underwent left thoracotomy and received ip dexmedetomidine without ischemia and reperfusion and Group IR-D (IR-Dexmedetomidine; n=6) was administrated 100µg/kg dexmedetomidine via ip route 30 minutes before ligating the left coronary artery. A small plastic snare was threaded through the ligature and placed in contact with the heart. To produce IR, a branch of the left coronary artery was occluded for 30 min followed by two hours of reperfusion. However, after the above procedure, the coronary artery was not occluded or reperfused in the control rats. At the end of the study, myocard tissue was obtained for biochemical, histochemical and immunohistochemical determination/ analyses . Results: Myonecrosis, cell infiltration and edema were significantly higher in the IR group than in the C and D groups. In the IR-D group, myonecrosis, cell infiltration and edema were significantly lower than in the IR group.TBARS levels were found to be significantly higher in the IR group than in the C and D groups.TBARSlevels in the IR-D group were found to be significantly lower than in the IR group.SOD enzyme activity was found to be significantly lower in the IR group than in the C group. In the IR-D group, SOD enzyme activity was found to be significantly higherthan the IR group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine removed degenerative effects after ischemia reperfusion in ischemia reperfusion group and we may conclude that dexmedetomidine may have regenerative effects on IR injury .
TUNNEL DIODE INTEGRATED E-SHAPED PATCH ANTENNA FOR BROADBAND OPERATION

A tunnel diode integrated E-shaped patch antenna is proposed and analyzed using equivalent circuit concept. It is found that bias voltage of tunnel diode controls the performance of the antenna. Various tunable frequency bands are obtained by selecting suitable bias voltage while antenna topology remains unchanged. Bandwidth of the tunnel diode integrated patch improves to 40.26% over the 32.58% bandwidth of the patch. The radiation pattern also varies with bias voltage and a considerable improvement in beamwidth is observed however radiated power remains almost same.
Identifying Movement States From Location Data Using Cluster Analysis

Abstract Animal movement studies regularly use movement states (e.g., slow and fast) derived from remotely sensed locations to make inferences about strategies of resource use. However, the number of movement state categories used is often arbitrary and rarely inferred from the data. Identifying groups with similar movement characteristics is a statistical problem. We present a framework based on k-means clustering and gap statistic for evaluating the number of movement states without making a priori assumptions about the number of clusters. This allowed us to distinguish 4 movement states using turning angle and step length derived from Global Positioning System locations and head movements derived from tip switches in a neck collar of free-ranging elk (Cervus elaphus) in west central Alberta, Canada. Based on movement characteristics and on the linkage between each state and landscape features, we were able to identify inter-patch movements, intra-patch foraging, rest, and inter-patch foraging movements. Linking behavior to environment (e.g., state-dependent habitat use) can inform decisions on landscape management for wildlife.
Discourse, knowledge and power: the continuing debate over the DBA

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is related to how students and academics in a business school perceive the doctor of business administration (DBA) in terms of its purpose and value compared to that of the conventional PhD. Design/methodology/approach – The research methodology involved a two-stage approach in which a pilot questionnaire and short interviews with 37 students was followed by a second questionnaire to 21 academics employed at a business school at a post-1992 English university. Findings – The findings suggest that although the DBA is valued as means to develop professional knowledge and expertise, the PhD remains the premier choice for those who wish to embark on an academic career. The DBA does, however, also represents a development of work-based learning in higher education. Research limitations/implications – The research was undertaken at one post-1992 university business school, further research should look to expand the sample size and include a variety of business schools from bo.
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Active tectonics along the submarine slope of south-eastern Sicily and the source of the 11 January 1693 earthquake and tsunami

South-eastern Sicily has been affected by large historical earthquakes, including the 11 January 1693 earthquake, considered the largest magnitude earthquake in the history of Italy (Mw = 7.4). This earthquake was accompanied by a large tsunami (tsunami magnitude 2.3 in the MurtyLoomis scale adopted in the Italian tsunami catalogue by Tinti et al., 2004), suggesting a source in the near offshore. The fault system of the eastern Sicily slope is characterised by NNW–SSE-trending east-dipping extensional faults active in the Quaternary. The geometry of a fault that appears currently active has been derived from the interpretation of seismic data, and has been used for modelling the tsunamigenic source. Synthetic tide-gauge records from modelling this fault source indicate that the first tsunami wave polarity is negative (sea retreat) in almost all the coastal nodes of eastern Sicily, in agreement with historical observations. The outcomes of the numerical simulations also indicate that the coastal stretch running from Catania to Siracusa suffered the strongest tsunami impact, and that the highest tsunami waves occurred in Augusta, aslo in agreement with the historical accounts. A large-size submarine slide (almost 5 km3) has also been identified along the slope, affecting the footwall of the active fault. Modelling indicates that this slide gives non-negligible tsunami signals along the coast; though not enough to match the historical observations for the 1693 tsunami event. The earthquake alone or a combination of earthquake faulting and slide can possibly account for the large run up waves reported for the 11 January 1693 event.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of 1940-nm Diode Laser in Tonsillectomy: Preliminary Report

Materials and Methods This clinical feasibility trial included six patients suffering from chronic tonsillitis. Tonsillectomy was performed using a 1940 nm laser with 6 W of output power. Intraoperative scoring was performed by a surgeon rating the cutting capacity of the device (5 point scale, 1-5), as well as intraoperative bleeding (3 point scale, 0-2). Patient surveys of pain and the surgeon’s reports on postoperative changes in the surgical field (11 point scale, 0-10) were also analyzed on postoperative day one, and after week(s) one and two.
A framework for introducing the private finance initiative in Brunei Darussalam construction industry.

The Private Finance Initiative (PFI) is a common, and sometimes preferred, approach to funding public projects without immediate recourse to the public purse, in the construction industry in developed countries throughout the world. It is, also, increasingly gaining popularity among developing countries. Brunei Darussalam is a developing country located on the northern coast of the island of Borneo in South East Asia with an interest in exploring how it can effectively employ the PFI approach to project finance in its construction industry. Against this background, a comprehensive desk study was undertaken together with an analysis of the relevant processes of government in Brunei Darussalam and a framework developed to facilitate the smooth introduction of PFI in the country’s construction industry. The framework was built around four main dimensions: organisation, training, participation and implementation. The framework was evaluated through a survey of managerial level civil servants in Brunei Darussalam’s Ministry of Development. The framework was found to be easy to understand, comprehensive, consistent with government processes and acceptable at all relevant Ministry levels. The framework provides a useful starting point on Brunei Darussalam’s journey towards effective implementation of PFI in its construction industry.
The Bridging and Bonding Role of Online Communities

A long tradition in sociological theory among writers such as Durkheim, Marx, Weber, Tonnies and Simmel has been concerned about the loss of community and the weakening of the face-to-face relations of Gemeinschaft, a theme revived recently in the work of Robert Putnam (2000). The role of new communication technologies, especially the Internet, has often been regarded as important for this phenomenon by either exacerbating social isolation or by reviving communities ties virtually. Contemporary debates about social capital have noted that many local networks and associations strengthen social cohesion, but another darker downside exists in community life (Portess and Landholt 1996; Edwards and Foley 1998). To understand this phenomena Putnam (2000, 2002) has drawn an important distinction between ‘bridging’ groups that function to bring together disparate members of the community, exemplified by mixed-race youth sports clubs in South Africa or the Civic Forum in Northern Ireland, and ‘bonding' groups that reinforce close-knit networks among people sharing similar backgrounds and beliefs. In Putnam’s words: “Bridging social capital refers to social networks that bring together people of different sorts, and bonding social capital brings together people of a similar sort. This is an important distinction because the externalities of groups that are bridging are likely to be positive, while networks that are bonding (limited within particular social niches) are at greater risk of producing externalities that are negative. ” This conceptual distinction should be seen as a continuum rather than a dichotomy, since in practice many groups serve both bridging and bonding functions, but networks can be classified as falling closer to one end of this spectrum or the other. Heterogeneous local associations (such as PTAs and the Red Cross) are believed to have beneficial consequences for building social capital, generating interpersonal trust, and reinforcing community ties. Homogeneous bonding organizations can also serve these positive functions, but the danger is that they can also exacerbate and widen existing social cleavages, especially in pluralist societies splintered by deep-rooted ethno-national, ethno-religious or racial conflict. The dysfunctional types of bonding networks are exemplified by the Ku Klux Klan in Mississipi, La Cosa Nostra in Sicily, or the IRA in Belfast. This distinction raises important questions about how best to promote inclusive networks to foster crosscutting cleavages in divided societies. One problem is that if cities like Belfast, Johannesburg or LA are deeply divided, but local neighborhoods are socially homogeneous, then associations within each area are likely to reflect the background, beliefs, and interests of the predominant group within each community. Fragmented pluralism exacerbates the challenges facing aggregating institutions. Many believe that one important way to overcome these limitations could lie through the transition from territorial communities of place towards online
Is the Glass-Steagall Act justified? A study of the U.S. experience with universal banking before

The Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 removed commercial banks from the securities underwriting business. We evaluate the argument for the separation of commercial and investment banking, that conflicts of interest induce commercial banks to fool the public into investing in securities which turn out to be of low quality. A comparison of the performance of securities underwritten by commercial and investment banks prior to the Act shows no evidence of this. Instead, the public appears to have rationally accounted for the possibility of conflicts of interest, and this appears to have constrained the banks to underwrite high-quality securities. (JEL G21, G24, N22)
Identification of stable lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) genotypes through GGE biplotand AMMI analysis for North Hill Zone of India

In the present investigation with 24 lentil genotypes, first two Principal components revealed more than 90 per cent of the variability for the yield which indicates that G and GE together accounted for more than 10 per cent of total variability. Based on the present analysis of using GGE biplot models, considering simultaneous mean yield and stability, the genotypes G4, G12, G6, G13 and G2 were relatively stable in all the environments.The environment E1(Berthin) was discriminative (informative). This environment contributed most to the variability in grain yield. Hence, GGE biplot method is suitable to discriminate the genotypes based on their stable and instability nature across the environments.The AMMI analysis revealed that G13, G14, G12, G2, G23, G16 and G9 had wide adaptation and not be affected by the Genotype x environment interaction (GxE); hence mayyieldedgood across the environments. E2 and E3 could be considered as good selection sites for identifying broad based and most adaptable lentil genotypes. This study has clearly and by far aided in identification of stable and superior genotypes in graphical representation.
Applying a Geographical Information System (GIS) to the study of the growth of benthic clonal organisms

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were applied to study the growth of benthic encrust~ng clonal organisms. Routine GIS overlaying procedures were used to merge referenced specimen outlines from different time steps into a single image. From the resulting composite image the GIS automatically calculated independent growth (i.e. net area gained) and shrinkage (i.e. net area lost) rates for any desired time period. This method provided automatic and reliable data for estimating the growth and shrinkage rates of benthic clonal organisms. The availability of GIS software for multiple platforms allows application of this method at an acceptable cost; a moderate period of training is necessary to learn how to perform the analysis necessary to obtain growth and shrinkage rates. The application of GIS technology will help improve the study of the complex growth patterns exhibited by benthic clonal organisms.
Analysis and Development of Interface Design on DKI Jakarta & Tangerang‘S Qlue Application based on Don Norman’s 6 Design Principles

The Qlue Community App is one of government’s effort to embrace the social media trend. Initial study of user experience showed that there are two things in Qlue App user experience that don’t comply with six design principles from Don Norman’s Design Principles. The two things are constraints and consistency. That was the reason for this research, to analyze and make a better version of user interface for the community service application based on the six design principles from Don Norman. Methodology used in this research is Task-Centered System Design (TCSD). The result of this research is an UI that have a constraint which is a warning page that appeared before user finished writing any report and wanted to go back to previous page. The second result is a consistency of all report writing process and interface including buttons and icons. The conclusion of this research is that the revised proposed user interface has solved the problems that appeared on the UI of Qlue application. Index Terms— Donald Norman, Six Design Principles, Task-Centered System Design, TCSD, User Interface Analysis, Qlue.
Metrological Performances of a Diffusion Charger Particle Counter for Personal Monitoring

Airborne particles have been shown to be associated with a wide range of adverse health effects, and have thus attracted an increasing amount of attention by medical researchers. However, accurate evaluations of the related exposure-doseresponse relationships are highly dependent on the ability to track people’s actual exposure to airborne particles. This is quite a complex task, particularly in relation to submicrometer and ultrafine particles, which can vary quite significantly in terms of particle surface area and number concentration. It is thus necessary to develop suitable monitors that can be worn in order to measure personal exposure to these particles. This paper presents an evaluation of the metrological performance of six diffusion charger sensors, namely NanoTracer (Philips Aerasense) monitors, when measuring particle number and surface area concentrations, as well as particle number distribution mean, when compared to reference instruments. Tests in the laboratory (by generating monodisperse and polydisperse aerosols) and in the field (using natural ambient particles) were designed to evaluate the responses of these devices under both steady-state and dynamics conditions. The results show that the NanoTracers performed well when measuring steady state aerosols, although they strongly underestimated the actual concentrations during dynamic response testing. The field experiments also showed that, when the majority of the particles were smaller than 20 nm, which occurs during particle formation events in the atmosphere, the NanoTracers underestimated the number concentration quite significantly. Overall, even though NanoTracers can be used for personal monitoring of exposure to ultrafine particles, they have some limitations which need to be considered in order to obtain meaningful results.
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 2008-0101 Deploying a Context Aware Smart Classroom

Context aware environments respond in a pseudo-intelligent manner depending on the identity of occupants, particular location, desired activity and specific time. The Context Aware Smart Classroom (CASC) is a classroom that responds to lecturers and student groups based on preset policies and the lecture timetable. The pervasive nature of personal mobile devices permits the investigation of developing low-cost location and identification systems that support development of a smart classroom. Material used during the teaching activity is distributed to students based on students’ policies using WLAN, LAN or email. The smart classroom CASC uses a central scheduling system to determine the teaching activity. In this paper we present CASCs’ system design and results from the trial deployment. In particular we review the issues related to using low-cost solutions such as existing communications infrastructure for developing large scale environments. Finally we present the plans for ongoing development of the Context Aware Smart Classroom.
BOOTH REVISITED: IDENTIFYING THE DETERMINANTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN THE SUGAR SECTOR

The study assesses whether selected exogenous variables: tax rate, size, asset tangibility, volatility and profitability, affect capital structure in a significant manner in the sugar industry. It suggests that decision on capital structuring is found to be weakly affected by the variables chosen in our study. This is also consistent with the results of Booth et al (2001) where modern financial theory is found to be weakly portable across a group of developed and developing countries. It is recommended that more empirical work is done in order to understand the impact of capital structure choices.
Isolation of kdgK-lac and kdgA-lac Gene Fusions in the Phytopathogenic Bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi

Erwinia chrysanthemi is a species of enterobacteria whose phytopathogenicity is mainly due to its pectinolytic activity. Pectin degradation leads to the formation of 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate which is catabolized via the kdgA and kdgK gene products. Mutants of Er. chrysanthemi containing genetic fusions of the kdgK or kdgA genes to the lacZ gene of Escherichia coli were isolated by infection of a lacZ mutant of Er. chrysanthemi with the phage Mu d(Ap lac). In these fusion strains, the absence of growth on galacturonate, glucuronate and polygalacturonate, and also β-galactosidase expression, are caused by a single Mu d(Ap lac) insertion. Synthesis of β-galactosidase in these strains was induced in the presence of galacturonate, glucuronato, polygalacturonate or some intermediates of the catabolism of these sugars in the culture medium; synthesis of β-galactosidase was not sensitive to glucose repression.
Merging Event Catalogs Using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering

Abstract : Many agencies construct catalogs of the hundreds of seismic events that occur daily around the world. The Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Research and Development (GNEMRD) program merges these catalogs together into a composite catalog containing multiple descriptions of the same seismic event, one from each catalog of interest. The merging process requires associating seismic events in individual catalogs (herein called origins), that are independent estimates of the same seismic event. In this paper we describe application of classical cluster analysis techniques that provide a straightforward and robust solution to this merging problem. The resulting algorithm is much simpler to tune than the rule-based methodology used by EvLoader, which is the application currently used to merge catalogs in the GNEMRD program. For this study, we used a simple agglomerative hierarchical clustering technique to create clusters of similar origins where the various origins in a cluster represent different estimates of the seismic parameters of the same actual seismic event. Similarity between origins is calculated using a difference measure based on latitude, longitude, depth, time, and catalog author. Uncertainty in locations is accounted for by dividing distances between origins and differences in origin time by uncertainty estimates from the catalogs. To enforce the assumption that each catalog contains only a single origin for each event, origins from the same catalog are assigned infinite difference, regardless of other parameter values.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF STRATEGIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH

Although corporate governance is necessary for a company, it tends to be considered as a negative factor in terms of profit. In this research, corporate governance-related activities were redefined and classified in a broad sense, and the pathways from each different type of corporate governance leading to the revenue were explored. As a research methodology, a company questionnaire was conducted. In conclusion, the relationship between each corporate-governance activity, strategic activity, strategic key performance indicator and long-term revenue became clear.
Improving Memory Efficiency of Dynamic Memory Allocators for Real‐Time Embedded Systems

Dynamic memory allocators for real‐time embedded systems need to fulfill three fundamental requirements: bounded worst‐case execution time, fast average execution time, and minimal fragmentation. Since embedded systems generally run continuously during their whole lifetime, fragmentation is one of the most important factors in designing the memory allocator. This paper focuses on minimizing fragmentation while other requirements are still satisfied. To minimize fragmentation, a part of a memory region is segregated by the proposed budgeting method that exploits the memory profile of the given application. The budgeting method can be applied for any existing memory allocators. Experimental results show that the memory efficiency of allocators can be improved by up to 18.85% by using the budgeting method. Its worst‐case execution time is analyzed to be bounded.