Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS WITH A NOVEL VISCOMETER

A hydrostatic head viscometer and its novel viscosity equation were developed to determine flow characteristics of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The objective of this research is to test capabilities of the hydrostatic head viscometer and its novel non-Newtonian viscosity equation by characterizing rheological behaviors of well-known polyethylene oxide aqueous solutions as non-Newtonian fluids with 60 wt. % sucrose aqueous solution as a reference/calibration fluid. Non-Newtonian characteristics of 0.3–0.7 wt. % polyethylene oxide aqueous solutions were extensively investigated with the hydrostatic head viscometer and its non-Newtonian viscosity equation over a 294–306 K temperature range, a 0.14–40 Reynolds number range, and a 55–784 s−1 shear rate range at atmospheric pressure. Dynamic viscosity values of 60 wt. % sucrose aqueous solution were determined with the calibrated hydrostatic head viscometer and its Newtonian viscosity equation over a 3–5 Reynolds number range at 299.15 K and atmospheric pressure and compared with the literature dynamic viscosity value.
Augustus

The Classical Review vol. 62 no. 2 © The Classical Association 2012; all rights reserved simply means ‘records’, which will have been libri, probably papyrus, like the form in which the results were forwarded to Rome. When we turn to the actual evidence for the early period, the story is not that told by M. On p. 37, M. tries to get round the rather clear statement in the Twelve Tables that uti lingua nuncupassit, ita ius esto, and hence the non-performative role of writing, by drawing attention to ‘the fragmentary state of these early laws’. But to do so without suggesting a way in which a further element might be hypothesised in this text is simply irresponsible. And, of course, Romans and others of the Late Republic and after thought that the Twelve Tables were inscribed on bronze stelae (p. 26 n. 29), because that was what they were used to. It is for various reasons likely rather that the Twelve Tables were inscribed on blocks of stone (see ‘From Ionia to the Twelve Tables’, in the Festschrift for Detlef Liebs).
Strato

proper for a philosopher. Chapter 9 (‘Philosophia and the Mainstream’) is μlled with such themes as the links of philosophia with the elitist culture of the period, controversial in modern scholarship; the opposition of philosophoi vis-à-vis emperors; and the distinct tension and challenge between philosophical norms and values with mainstream standards followed by the upper class. In a clear-cut manner, this last chapter concludes the volume whose purpose was to μnd an answer to the question to what extent philosophia was present in the life and culture of Roman imperial society and how it served the public good. Clearly, T. ’s purpose was not to create another synthesis of the doctrines of philosophical schools in the early Roman Empire. With those our bibliographies already abound.
Correcting Cassini pointing parameters from Saturn’s ring edges

Cassini spacecraft obtained thousands of observations of the ring system and satellites. For an accurate study of these objects it is important the correct pointing parameters of the observations. However, in many cases it is difficult to use a classical astrometry procedure due to the lack of reference stars on the field. In this work, we describe a new method that uses the ring edges to provide the astrometry of Cassini’s ISS images. We identify Saturn’s ring edges in the images and compare to their expected location given the pointing parameters from JPL kernels. Then, we apply offsets to the pointing coordinates until they match with the observable ring edges. The goal is to have good astrometry measurement in observations where it is not possible to use classical astrometry.
A test for studying sociability of the common shrew, Sorex araneus

The common shrew Sorex araneus is one of the least social mammals with chiefly aggressive interactions. Although this species is usually considered territorial, the behavioral mechanisms of the social system are not entirely clear. Sociability is the motivation to engage in social contact, the conflict in the case of the common shrew, in the presence of both situational and individual differences, can be an important factor in the use of space in this species. This aspect of behavior of shrews was not studied. We propose a simplified preference test which could be used in field studies. In contrast to the classic Crawley three chamber test we performed trials in one-chamber arena. The test implies assay of preference of an area adjoined to wire-net container with a stimulus animal versus an area-adjoined empty container. The distance, the velocity, and the duration were considered the principal variables. Indexes permitting assay the mobility in a zone and preference of an area is suggested. This publication is devoted to the description of the test and discussing of the preliminary results. How to cite this article: Shchipanov N.A. , Demidova T.B. 2020. A test for studying sociability of the common shrew, Sorex araneus // Russian J. Theriol. Vol.19. No.2. P.105–111. doi: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.19. 2.01.
History of atomic layer deposition and its relationship with the American Vacuum Society

This article explores the history of atomic layer deposition (ALD) and its relationship with the American Vacuum Society (AVS). The authors describe the origin and history of ALD science in the 1960s and 1970s. They also report on how the science and technology of ALD progressed through the 1990s and 2000s and continues today. This article focuses on how ALD developed within the AVS and continues to evolve through interactions made possible by the AVS, in particular, the annual International AVS ALD Conference. This conference benefits students, academics, researchers, and industry practitioners alike who seek to understand the fundamentals of self-limiting, alternating binary surface reactions, and how they can be applied to form functional (and sometimes profitable) thin film materials. The flexible structure of the AVS allowed the AVS to quickly organize the ALD community and create a primary conference home. Many new research areas have grown out of the original concepts of "Atomic Layer Epitaxy" and "Molecular Layering," and some of them are described in this article. The people and research in the ALD field continue to evolve, and the AVS ALD Conference is a primary example of how the AVS can help a field expand and flourish. © 2013 American Vacuum Society.
Preparation and Applications of Fluorinated Graphenes

The present review focuses on the numerous routes for the preparation of fluorinated graphene (FG) according to the starting materials. Two strategies are considered: (i) addition of fluorine atoms on graphenes of various nature and quality and (ii) exfoliation of graphite fluoride. Chemical bonding in fluorinated graphene, related properties and a selection of applications for lubrication, energy storage, and gas sensing will then be discussed.
Investigating Frontal Precipitation Enhancement Upstream of the Olympic Mountains

Orographic precipitation enhancement is the tendency of mountains to cause clouds to produce more precipitation than they would otherwise, which greatly affects the total rainfall in mountainous regions and plays a major role in flooding and mudslides. Most past studies have examined this enhancement close to the mountains themselves. The present study examined the orographic enhancement of frontal precipitation upstream of the Olympic Mountains of Washington State, using data from a Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional climate simulation. Using this simulation, we strived to determine how thermodynamic and dynamic conditions affect the enhancement of frontal precipitation upstream of the Olympic Mountains. To do so, the characteristics of frontal passages were analyzed, including frontal type, orientation, velocity, warm-air moisture content, and accumulated precipitation. Of the five fronts analyzed to date, there were two cold fronts, two warm fronts, and one occluded front. We then analyzed each characteristic by comparing each event to each other and as a function of distance from the mountains. We found that all fronts slowed down as they approached the mountains, four of which to almost half of their original speeds, and some even beginning to decelerate upwards of 700 km upstream. Areas of enhanced precipitation were observed along the two cold fronts, as far upstream as 560 km. These results document upstream impacts on frontal passages, but further analysis is needed to examine additional frontal passages and determine if the observed precipitation enhancement and frontal deceleration were caused by orographic effects from the
A Theory of Disease and Development: Productivity, Exchange, and Social Segregation

The thesis of this paper is that disease plays a fundamental role in longrun economic development through the social organization of production and exchange. I study an assignment problem in which disease spillovers induce social segregation and limit the extent of the market. I characterize the productivity effects of disease across production and exchange arrangements with a differential scope for disease spillovers. Eliminating disease spillovers increases aggregate productive efficiency by roughly a factor of 3. Historical accounts describe many instances in which past societies dealt with disease through social segregation in production and exchange. Some of these instances are catalogued here.
Large-Scale Metadata Analysis of Ovary Based Multi-Omics Datasets for Understanding the Genes Regulating Litter Size

Abstract Background : Litter size is a very important production index in the livestock industry, which is controlled by various complex physiological processes. To understand and reveal the common gene expression patterns involved in controlling prolificacy, we have performed a large-scale metadata analysis of five genome-wide transcriptome datasets of pig and sheep ovary samples obtained from high and low litter groups, respectively. We analyzed separately each transcriptome dataset using GeneSpring v14.8 software by implementing standard, generic analysis pipelines and further compared the list of most significant and differentially expressed genes obtained from each dataset to identify genes that are found to be common and significant across all the studies. Results : We have observed a total of 62 differentially expressed genes common among more than two gene expression datasets. The KEGG pathway analysis of most significant genes has shown that they are involved in metabolism, the biosynthesis of lipids, cholesterol and steroid hormones, immune system, cell growth and death, cancer-related pathways and signal transduction pathways. Of these 62 genes, we further narrowed the list to the 25 most significant genes by focusing on the ones with fold change >1.5 and p<0.05. These genes are CYP11A1, HSD17B2, STAR, SCARB1, IGSF8, MSMB, SERPINA1 , FAM46C, HEXA, PTTG1, TIMP1, FAM167B, CCNG1, FAXDC2, HMGCS1, L2HGDH, Lipin1, MME, MSMO1, PARM1, PTGFR, SLC22A4, SLC35F5, CCNA2, CENPU, CEP55, RASSF2, and SLC16A3 . Conclusions : Interestingly, comparing the list of genes with the list of genes obtained from our literature search analysis, we found only three genes in common. These genes are HEXA, PTTG1, and TIMP1. Our finding points to the potential of a few genes that may be important for ovarian follicular development and oocyte quality. Future studies revealing the function of these genes will further our understanding of how litter size is controlled in the ovary while also providing insight on genetic selection of high litter gilts.
RGS12 as a Novel Maternal-Effect Gene Causes Arrest at the Pronuclear Stage of Human Zygote

Tianzhong Ma Guangdong Medical University Chengpeng Zhang Shantou University Medical College Songxia Zhou Shantou University Medical College Xuezhen Xie Shantou University Medical College Jingyao Chen Shantou University Medical College Jing Wang Shantou University Medical College Sini Gao Shantou University Medical College Ruiqin Mai Shantou University Medical College Guohong Zhang (  g_ghzhang@stu.edu.cn ) Shantou University Medical College https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3856-3111
A Novel Hybrid Machine Learning Method (OR-ELM-AR) Used in Forecast of PM2.5 Concentrations and Its Forecast Performance Evaluation

Accurate forecast of PM2.5 pollution is highly needed for the timely prevention of haze pollution in many cities suffered from frequent haze pollution. In this work, an online recurrent extreme learning machine (OR-ELM) technique with online data update was used in the forecast of PM2.5 pollution for the first time, and a hybrid model (OR-ELM-AR) by combining autoregressive (AR) model was proposed to enhance its forecast ability to capture the variations of hourly PM2.5 concentration. Evaluation of forecast performances in terms of pollution levels, forecast times, spatial distributions were conducted over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, China. Results indicated that the OR-ELM-AR model could quickly respond to short-term changes and had better forecast performance. Therefore, the OR-ELM-AR model is a promising tool for air pollution forecast of supporting the government to take urgent actions to reduce the frequency and severity of haze pollution in cities or regions.
A physics-based interpretation of the slip-wall LES model

The need for LES wall models comes from the strict near-wall-resolution requirements of a wall-resolved LES (Chapman 1979; Choi & Moin 2012), the limited computational power and the need for high-fidelity numerical solutions in real-world engineering practices. Conducting large-eddy simulations (LES) implies the use of LES filters, whose sizes are commensurate with the local LES grid spacing. For wall-modeled LES (WMLES), where the grid spacing in the wall-normal direction scales with the boundary layer height, the near-wall turbulence is not resolved and is filtered. Because of this filtering, the noslip condition does not apply at the wall; and the wall boundary conditions are supplied by LES wall models. In general, wall models for a WMLES can be of Dirichlet, Neumann or Robin type (see Piomelli & Balaras (2002) for a review of commonly used LES wall models). A Dirichlettype wall model provides a slip velocity uw at the (virtual) wall (Bazilevs & Hughes 2007; Chung & Pullin 2009). With the slip velocity and a non-vanishing eddy viscosity at the (virtual) wall, the calculation of the shear stress at the wall is no different from that in the bulk region. Neumann-type models directly provide the wall shear stress. The velocity at the wall is not explicitly modeled. This type of model is probably the most intuitive and most commonly used in WMLES. Neumann-type models include the algebraic equilibrium wall models (Schumann 1975; Porté-Agel et al. 2000), the algebraic integral wall model (Yang et al. 2015), the equilibrium and non-equilibrium zonal wall models (Balaras & Benocci 1994; Park & Moin 2014) and a number of models that rely on optimal control and data mining (Nicoud et al. 2001; Templeton et al. 2006). Recently, Bose & Moin (2014) proposed to use a Robin-type wall closure
More Kawaii than a Real-Person Live Streamer: Understanding How the Otaku Community Engages with and Perceives Virtual YouTubers

Live streaming has become increasingly popular, with most streamers presenting their real-life appearance. However, Virtual YouTubers (VTubers), virtual 2D or 3D avatars that are voiced by humans, are emerging as live streamers and attracting a growing viewership in East Asia. Although prior research has found that many viewers seek real-life interpersonal interactions with real-person streamers, it is currently unknown what makes VTuber live streams engaging or how they are perceived differently than real-person streamers. We conducted an interview study to understand how viewers engage with VTubers and perceive the identities of the voice actors behind the avatars (i.e., Nakanohito). The data revealed that Virtual avatars bring unique performative opportunities which result in different viewer expectations and interpretations of VTuber behavior. Viewers intentionally upheld the disembodiment of VTuber avatars from their voice actors. We uncover the nuances in viewer perceptions and attitudes and further discuss the implications of VTuber practices to the understanding of live streaming in general.
Perceived educational usefulness of a virtual-reality work situation depends on the spatial human-environment relation

Research in Learning Technology 2021. © 2021 M. Dobricki et al. Research in Learning Technology is the journal of the Association for Learning Technology (ALT), a UK-based professional and scholarly society and membership organisation. ALT is registered charity number 1063519. http://www.alt. ac.uk/. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Creating Robust Deep Neural Networks With Coded Distributed Computing for IoT Systems

The increasing interest in serverless computation and ubiquitous wireless networks has led to numerous connected devices in our surroundings. Among such devices, IoT devices have access to an abundance of raw data, but their inadequate resources in computing limit their capabilities. Specifically, with the emergence of deep neural networks (DNNs), not only is the demand for the computing power of IoT devices increasing but also privacy concerns are pushing computations towards the edge. To overcome inadequate resources, several studies have proposed the distribution of work among IoT devices. These promising methods harvest the aggregated computing power of the idle IoT devices in an environment. However, since such a distributed system strongly relies on each device, unstable latencies, and intermittent failures, the common characteristics of IoT devices and wireless networks, cause high recovery overheads. To reduce this overhead, we propose a novel robustness method with a close-to-zero recovery latency for DNN computations. Our solution never loses a request or spends time recovering from a failure. To do so, first, we analyze the underlying matrix-matrix computations affected by distribution. Then, we introduce a new coded distributed computing (CDC) method that has a constant cost with the increasing number of devices, unlike the linear cost of modular redundancies. Moreover, our method is applied in the library level, without requiring extensive changes to the program, while still ensuring a balanced work assignment during distribution. To illustrate our method, we perform experiments with distributed systems comprising up to 12 Raspberry Pis.
Selenium‐Containing Heterocycles from Isoselenocyanates: Synthesis of 5‐Amino‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐selones

The reaction of S-methylisothiosemicarbazide hydroiodide (=S-methyl hydrazinecarboximidothioate hydroiodide; 1), prepared from thiosemicarbazide by treatment with MeI in EtOH, and aryl isoselenocyanates 5 in CH2Cl2 affords 3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-selone derivatives 7 in good yield (Scheme 2, Table 1). During attempted crystallization, these products undergo an oxidative dimerization to give the corresponding bis(4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) diselenides 11 (Scheme 3). The structure of 11a was established by X-ray crystallography.
An anomalous crossover in Vth roll-off for indium-doped nMOSFETs

The effects of indium channel implant energy on short-channel effect (SCE) and narrow channel effect (NCE) were studied on NMOS devices down to 0.1 /spl mu/m channel length. An anomalous crossover in Vth roll-off curves was observed, for the first time, on indium-implanted splits with different implant energies. This intriguing finding, together with the observed reduction in reverse narrow channel effect (RNCE) and effective channel length with reducing indium implant energy, can be consistently explained by the suppression of transient enhanced diffusion (TED) of channel impurity due to indium deactivation.
Neural respiratory drive as a physiological biomarker to monitor change during acute exacerbations of COPD

Background Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a signiﬁcant negative impact on both patients and healthcare systems. Currently, there are no physiological biomarkers that effectively monitor clinical change or predict respiratory readmission. Acute exacerbations impose a change in the respiratory muscle load-capacity-drive relationship. It was hypothesised that lack of a fall in neural respiratory drive would identify patients at risk of treatment failure and early hospital readmission. Methods An observational study was performed at two UK teaching hospitals. Routine clinical physiological parameters and neural respiratory drive index (NRDI), calculated as the product of second intercostal space parasternal electromyography (EMG) activity normalised to the peak EMG activity during a maximum inspiratory sniff manoeuvre and respiratory rate, were recorded daily from admission to discharge. Results 30 acutely unwell patients of mean (SD) age 72 (10) years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s 0.60 (1.65) l, NRDI 455 (263) AU and median length of stay 6 days were studied. Changes in NRDI correlated with changes in Borg score (r ¼ +0.60; p < 0.001), discriminated between patients deemed to have clinically improved rather than deteriorated (mean difference 339 AU; 95% CI 234 to 444; p < 0.001) and identiﬁed those patients readmitted within 14 days (mean difference 203 AU; 95% CI 39 to 366; p ¼ 0.017). Conclusions NRDI is a feasible clinical physiological parameter in patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and can provide useful information on treatment response and risk of readmission. These suggest that aspirates.
Selective reduction of azoarenes into arylamine(s) by aluminium / NH4Br under sonic conditions

Azoarenes, both symmetrical and unsymmetrical are cleaved into arylamine/s by aluminium metal and ammonium bromide in refluxing methanol with high yields. The rate of the reaction is greatly accelerated by irradiating at 35 kHz in a sonic bath maintained at 25 °C.
320-326 Omer SA.pmd

Giardia infection in children has been recognized as a significant cause of diarrhea in school children around the world. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis in school children in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. Fecal samples from 200 children with ages ranging from 9 to 12 years (106 boys and 94 girls) were examined for the presence of Giardia cysts using direct microscopy and ELISA. DNA was extracted from fecal samples and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers which amplified the partial 18S rRNA locus. Direct microscopy revealed that 9 (4.5%) were positive for Giardia cysts. ELISA and PCR revealed 20 (10%) and 44 (22%) of the samples were positive respectively. Assemblage A was detected through genotyping of Giardia duodenalis isolates prevalent in Tabuk City through sequencing the fragment obtained as a result of amplifying partial 18S rRNA locus.