Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intervalos de referencia de agudeza visual y sensibilidad al contraste en una población escolar de Pereira, Colombia

Introduction : The tests that assess visual acuity (VA) and the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) allow to quantify and evaluate vision quality. In Colombia, reference intervals for these two visual tests have been established based on parameters mainly found in foreign populations. Objectives : To determine reference intervals for VA and CSF in a healthy school population aged 5 to 19 years in Pereira, Colombia. Materials and methods : In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 626 subjects aged 5 to 19 years were evaluated in a random two-stage cluster sample. VA was evaluated using logMAR charts, and CSF was assessed using CSV 1000E. Results : The study found that in a normal subject aged 5 to 19 years VA oscillates between −0.20 and 0.10 logMAR, with a median of 0.0. VA is higher between 15 and 19 years of age; in addition, men have higher VA. The normal intervals for CSF, using CSV 1000E at spatial frequencies of 3, 6, 12, and 18 cpd, are: 1.49 logSC and 2.08 logSC; 1.70 logs and 2.29 logs; 1.40 logSC and 1.99 logSC; and 0.96 logSC and 1.55 logSC, respectively. Conclusions : VA in school children aged 5 to 19 years is similar to the values reported in the literature, while CSF is lower at low spatial frequencies.
Potency of local feed ingredients and ability of livestock to use the feed: An in-vitro study

Objective: The study obtained data on the potential of local feed ingredients, both in quantity, quality, and continuity and to observe the absorption power and ability of livestock to use feed designed in vitro. Materials and Methods: The method uses a survey method of potential sources of animal feed and calculates the carrying capacity of ruminants and nutritional analysis of feed ingredients with proximate analysis. Feed formulations were made based on proximate analysis results of four formulas (P1, P2, P3, and P4) and tested in vitro. Results: First, Nganjuk district has the highest of the local food potential with the production of agricultural waste and agricultural industries, reaching 802,341.94 tons/year. Second, the most top carrying capacity analysis reached in Tulungagung district, which reached 62,534 ST/year or 43% of the total population of ruminants. Third, the results of the study of the quality of local feed ingredients indicate that each type of feed material has the right and proper nutrition given to ruminants. Fourth, the in vitro testing included showing P1 feed that had a very significant effect (p < 0.01) on dry matter digestibility and digestibility of organic matter of cows, respectively, 74.69% and 73.39%. Conclusion: The in vitro technique of making animal feed can be developed in the areas that have the potential to produce agricultural waste and agricultural industries to increase the carrying capacity of livestock.
Near-Complete Genome Sequence of an H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Strain Isolated from a Swan in Southwest Kazakhstan in 2006

We report the near-complete genome sequence of an influenza H5N1 virus strain isolated from a dead swan on the southeastern Caspian seashore in 2006. The results of the surface protein HA phylogenetic analysis showed that the A/swan/Mangystau/3/2006 virus belongs to the EA-nonGsGD clade. ABSTRACT We report the near-complete genome sequence of an influenza H5N1 virus strain isolated from a dead swan on the southeastern Caspian seashore in 2006. The results of the surface protein HA phylogenetic analysis showed that the A/swan/Mangystau/3/2006 virus belongs to the EA-nonGsGD clade.
Positive Mental Health Mediates the Relationship Between Facebook Addiction Disorder and Suicide-Related Outcomes: A Longitudinal Approach

Suicide-related outcomes increased among young adults in the last decade. Excessive use of social media was hypothesized to contribute to this development. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate whether Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) predicts suicide-related outcomes, and whether Positive Mental Health (PMH) buffers this effect. Data of 209 German Facebook users [Mage(SDage) = 23.01 (4.45)] were assessed at two measurement time points over a 1-year period (first measurement = T1 and second measurement = T2) through online surveys. FAD was measured with the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, PMH was assessed with the PMH-Scale, and suicide-related outcomes were measured with the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised. The significant positive association between FAD (T1) and suicide-related outcomes (T2) was significantly negatively mediated by PMH (T1). These results demonstrate that addictive Facebook use may enhance the risk of suicide-related outcomes. However, PMH contributes to the reduction of this risk. Therefore, addictive Facebook use and PMH should be taken into account when assessing individuals for suicide of risk.
Effect of Dietary Protein and Tsaa Levels on Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Composition and Some Blood Components of Egyptian Geese During the Rearing Period

Simple Summary Egyptian geese were domesticated more than 4000 years ago; so this bird is among the first domesticated avian species. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the nutritional requirements and establish more precise feeding standards for this breed (Egyptian geese) to ensure its effective production. Dietary level of crude protein (CP) and total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) should closely meet the maintenance and production requirements, especially toward the middle and end of the grow-out period. Thus, this study focused on the effect of varying dietary crude protein and TSAA on growth, carcasses, biochemical blood parameters, and meat quality to determine the nutritional requirement of Egyptian geese. From our results, it can be concluded that the consumption of diets with high levels of protein or methionine and cystine (M + C) can improve the productive performance, carcass and meat quality of Egyptian geese during the rearing period. Abstract The present study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary levels of protein, total sulfur amino acids (TSAA), methionine and cystine (M + C) and their interaction on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood components and meat quality of Egyptian geese. A total number of 144 geese at twelve weeks of age were randomly divided into 9 groups (16 birds/each group), each group of birds was sub-divided into 4 replicates, each of 4 birds. There was a significant increase in the bodyweight of geese due to protein and M + C levels (p < 0.01). The studied levels of M + C affected significantly on weight gain of growing geese at the early period of 12–18 wk of age. Feed intake was increased with high dietary levels of CP % or M + C (p < 0.05). There was a significant (p < 0.01) increase in percentages of carcass, liver, dressing, breast and wing with high dietary protein level as compared to a moderate or low level. A high level of dietary protein led to increase in concentrations of total protein and albumin, while total lipids, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were decreased with increasing level of protein (p < 0.01). Fat percentage of breast muscle was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased with increasing M + C levels. Protein % of breast muscle was increased with increasing protein levels. Finally, it can be concluded that the consumption of diets with high levels of protein or M + C can improve the bodyweight, feed conversion ratio, carcass and meat composition of Egyptian geese during the rearing period (12–24 wk of age).
Microscopic pathways for stress relaxation in repulsive colloidal glasses

How residual stresses in colloids generate directional and heterogeneous motions down to fundamental length scales. Residual stresses are well-known companions of all glassy materials. They affect and, in many cases, even strongly modify important material properties like the mechanical response and the optical transparency. The mechanisms through which stresses affect such properties are, in many cases, still under study, and their full understanding can pave the way to a full exploitation of stress as a primary control parameter. It is, for example, known that stresses promote particle mobility at small length scales, e.g., in colloidal glasses, gels, and metallic glasses, but this connection still remains essentially qualitative. Exploiting a preparation protocol that leads to colloidal glasses with an exceptionally directional built-in stress field, we characterize the stress-induced dynamics and show that it can be visualized as a collection of “flickering,” mobile regions with linear sizes of the order of ≈20 particle diameters (≈2 μm here) that move cooperatively, displaying an overall stationary but locally ballistic dynamics.
Disturbed Resting-State Whole-Brain Functional Connectivity of Striatal Subregions in Bulimia Nervosa

Abstract Background Disturbed self-regulation, taste reward, as well as somatosensory and visuospatial processes were thought to drive binge eating and purging behaviors that characterize bulimia nervosa. Although studies have implicated a central role of the striatum in these dysfunctions, there have been no direct investigations on striatal functional connectivity in bulimia nervosa from a network perspective. Methods We calculated the functional connectivity of striatal subregions based on the resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data of 51 bulimia nervosa patients and 53 healthy women. Results Compared with the healthy women, bulimia nervosa patients showed increased positive functional connectivity in bilateral striatal nuclei and thalamus for nearly all of the striatal subregions, and increased negative functional connectivity in bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex and occipital areas for both ventral striatum and putamen subregions. Only for the putamen subregions, we observed reduced negative functional connectivity in the prefrontal (bilateral superior and middle frontal gyri) and parietal (right inferior parietal lobe and precuneus) areas. Several striatal connectivities with occipital and primary sensorimotor cortex significantly correlated with the severity of bulimia. Conclusions The findings indicate bulimia nervosa-related alterations in striatal functional connectivity with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex supporting self-regulation, the subcortical striatum and thalamus involved in taste reward, as well as the visual occipital and sensorimotor regions mediating body image, which contribute to our understanding of neural circuitry of bulimia nervosa and encourage future therapeutic developments for bulimia nervosa by modulating striatal pathway.
Distinct assembly mechanisms underlie similar biogeographical patterns of rare and abundant bacteria in Tibetan Plateau grassland soils.

Rare biosphere represents the majority of Earth's biodiversity and perform vital ecological functions, yet little is known about their biogeographical patterns and community assembly processes in terrestrial ecosystems. Herein we investigated the community composition and phylogeny of rare (relative abundance <0.1%) and abundant (>1%) bacteria in dryland grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau. Results revealed similar biogeographical patterns of rare and abundant bacteria at both compositional and phylogenetic levels, but rare subcommunity was more heavily influenced by stochasticity (72%) than the abundant (57%). The compositional variation of rare bacteria was less explained by environmental factors (41%) than that of the abundant (80%), while the phylogeny of rare bacteria (36%) was more explained than that of the abundant (29%). The phylogeny of rare bacteria was equally explained by local factors (soil and vegetation) and geospatial distance (11.5% and 11.9%, respectively), while that of the abundant was more explained by geospatial distance (22.1%) than local factors (11.3%). Furthermore, a substantially tighter connection between the community phylogeny and composition was observed in rare (R2 = 0.65) than in abundant bacteria (R2 = 0.08). Our study provides novel insights into the assembly processes and biographical patterns of rare and abundant bacteria in dryland soils. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
MicroRNA-148a facilitates inflammatory dendritic cell differentiation and autoimmunity by targeting MAFB.

Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity, but the molecular pathways determining the differentiation potential of these cells remain unclear. In this paper, we report that microRNA (miR)-148a serves as a critical regulator for moDC differentiation. Firstly, miR-148a deficiency impaired the moDC development in vitro and in vivo. Following mechanism study manifested that MAFB, a transcription factor that hampers moDC differentiation, was a direct target of miR-148a. In addition, promoter study further identified that miR-148a could be transcriptionally induced by PU.1, which is crucial for moDC generation. MiR-148a ablation eliminated the inhibition of PU.1 on MAFB. Furthermore, we found that miR-148a increased in monocytes from psoriasis patients, and miR-148a deficiency or intradermal injection of antagomir-148a immensely alleviated the development of psoriasis-like symptoms in a psoriasis-like mouse model. Therefore, these results identify a pivotal role for PU.1-miR-148a-MAFB circuit in moDC differentiation and suggest a potential therapeutic avenue for autoimmunity.
Thyroid Remnant Ablation of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: a comparison of Ablation success with High and Low Doses of Radio-iodine

Objectives: To assess efficiency of low dose Iin thyroid remnant ablation of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after surgical treatment. Material and Methods: 88 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, (age 20-75 years) tumor stage T1 to T3, with disease confined to the thyroid or cervical lymph nodes. All patients were treated with I after total thyroidectomy and pathologic lymph node resection, if present. A randomized double-armed prospective trial comparing lowdose [1110MBq (30mCi)] and high-dose [3700 MBq (100mCi)] radioiodine ablation.39 patients received low dose and 49 patients received high dose. Six months after the administration of radioiodine, measurements of TG, anti-TG antibodies together with neck ultrasound exam and Iwhole-body scan were performed. The success rate of ablation is determined by negative whole body I scan, negative neck ultrasonography and serum thyroglobulin level less than 2 ng/mL. Results: Successful ablation reported in 23 out of 39 cases (58.9 %) in the group receiving low-dose radioiodine [1110MBq] versus 37 out of 49 cases (75.5 %) in the group receiving the high dose [2960-3700 MBq] (P value= 0.098). A second follow up was performed one year after the ablative dose for the cases who had successive ablation from both groups. In the low dose group, only 12 out of 23 patients (52%) were available, all of them didn't show any disease recurrence, versus 17 cases out of 37 in the high dose group, 16/17 patients didn't had recurrence, while in one case there was a recurrent disease at the thyroid bed. Conclusion: From this ongoing data, nonsignificant higher success thyroid remnant ablation was recorded for high compared to low radioiodine doses.
Spontaneous Formation of Cushioned Model Membranes Promoted by an Intrinsically Disordered Protein

In this article, it is shown that by exposing commonly used lipids for biomembrane mimicking studies, to a solution containing the histidine-rich intrinsically disordered protein histatin 5, a protein cushion spontaneously forms underneath the bilayer. The underlying mechanism is attributed to have an electrostatic origin, and it is hypothesized that the observed behavior is due to proton charge fluctuations promoting attractive electrostatic interactions between the positively charged proteins and the anionic surfaces, with concomitant counterion release. Hence, we anticipate that this novel “green” approach of forming cushioned bilayers can be an important tool to mimic the cell membrane without the disturbance of the solid substrate, thereby achieving a further understanding of protein–cell interactions.
Biopsychosocial predictors of trajectories of postpartum sexual function in first-time mothers.

OBJECTIVE The postpartum period is a vulnerable time for sexual health, yet the relationship between biopsychosocial factors and sexual function over time remains unclear. Our aim was to identify trajectories of postpartum sexual function in first-time mothers (N = 646) and examine associations with biopsychosocial factors. METHODS Biopsychosocial factors were assessed at delivery and 3 months postpartum. Sexual function was assessed during pregnancy, 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum using the Female Sexual Function Index. Latent class growth analysis was conducted to identify distinct sexual function trajectories. Multinomial logistic regressions examined associations between biopsychosocial factors and membership in the trajectories. RESULTS Three trajectories were identified: 52% of women reported minimal sexual function problems at 3 months postpartum and improved the least over time, 35% of women reported moderate sexual function problems at 3 months and improved the most over time, and 13% of women reported marked sexual function problems at 3 months and improved somewhat over time. Biomedical factors were not significantly related to trajectory membership. Higher sexual distress at 3 months postpartum was associated with increased odds of being in the moderate and marked sexual function problems subgroups, whereas higher sexual function in pregnancy was associated with decreased odds of being in these subgroups. Lower depressive symptoms and higher relationship satisfaction was associated with reduced odds of being in the marked problems subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Improvement in sexual function postpartum is heterogeneous. Psychosocial, but not biomedical factors were significantly associated with the trajectories. This information may be integrated into psychoeducation, and for informing earlier assessment and intervention practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Social media use by leading US e-cigarette, cigarette, smokeless tobacco, cigar and hookah brands

Background Youth and young adults frequently use social media and are susceptible to tobacco use. This study is the first to provide a systematic overview of how leading tobacco product brands use popular social media platforms. Methods We identified 112 leading brands of e-cigarettes, hookah, cigars, cigarettes and smokeless tobacco based on sales and self-report user data. We searched for each brand on six platforms: Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Pinterest and Tumblr. In early 2019, we conducted a content analysis of each page, coding: age restrictions, warning display, page characteristics and post characteristics. Results Cigarette brands were generally not present. Most e-cigarettes, hookah and cigar brands had pages on at least two platforms. One-third of smokeless brands had pages on at least one platform. Few brands had pages on Pinterest and Tumblr. Most pages had existed for 3–5 years. Overall, brand pages rarely used age gating, did not display health warnings, generally posted images of a product alone and often used hashtags unrelated to tobacco. Brands commonly used special features like ephemeral posts on Instagram and pop-up chat windows on Facebook. Many pages displayed images of young people and mentioned flavour. Median followers per brand ranged from about 1 000–10 000, and total followers summed across brands reached over 5 million on Facebook and Instagram alone. Conclusions Leading brands of most tobacco product types use social media extensively. Several findings identify issues related to youth exposure to and appeal of tobacco social media marketing. Findings can inform tobacco education efforts and regulation.
SlicerDMRI: Diffusion MRI and Tractography Research Software for Brain Cancer Surgery Planning and Visualization

PURPOSE We present SlicerDMRI, an open-source software suite that enables research using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), the only modality that can map the white matter connections of the living human brain. SlicerDMRI enables analysis and visualization of dMRI data and is aimed at the needs of clinical research users. SlicerDMRI is built upon and deeply integrated with 3D Slicer, a National Institutes of Health–supported open-source platform for medical image informatics, image processing, and three-dimensional visualization. Integration with 3D Slicer provides many features of interest to cancer researchers, such as real-time integration with neuronavigation equipment, intraoperative imaging modalities, and multimodal data fusion. One key application of SlicerDMRI is in neurosurgery research, where brain mapping using dMRI can provide patient-specific maps of critical brain connections as well as insight into the tissue microstructure that surrounds brain tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this article, we focus on a demonstration of SlicerDMRI as an informatics tool to enable end-to-end dMRI analyses in two retrospective imaging data sets from patients with high-grade glioma. Analyses demonstrated here include conventional diffusion tensor analysis, advanced multifiber tractography, automated identification of critical fiber tracts, and integration of multimodal imagery with dMRI. RESULTS We illustrate the ability of SlicerDMRI to perform both conventional and advanced dMRI analyses as well as to enable multimodal image analysis and visualization. We provide an overview of the clinical rationale for each analysis along with pointers to the SlicerDMRI tools used in each. CONCLUSION SlicerDMRI provides open-source and clinician-accessible research software tools for dMRI analysis. SlicerDMRI is available for easy automated installation through the 3D Slicer Extension Manager.
Simplified pulse wave velocity measurement in children: Is the pOpmètre valid?

In population exposed to cardiovascular risk, aortic stiffness is an important marker which is assessed by carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). In childhood, the validated applanation tonometer SphygmoCor® can be used to measure PWV, but is limited in routine practice by the child’s cooperation and operator’s experience. An alternative device, the pOpmètre® is validated in adults and rapidly measures finger-to-toe PWV using 2 oxymeter-like sensors. The aim of this study is to validate the pOpmètre® device in children aged between 4 and 8 years. We compared simultaneous PWV measurements of the two devices, SphygmoCor® and pOpmètre®, in a training group, using the Bland-Altman method. Then we proposed an algorithm to correct pOpmètre® PWV (PWVpop). Finally, we validated this new algorithm in a validation group of children using the Bland-Altman method. This prospective study enrolled 26 children in the training group. Mean PWVpop was 3.919 ± 0.587 m/s and mean SphygmoCor® PWV was 4.280 ± 0.383 m/s, with a difference of -0.362(CI95%(-0.546;-0.178)) m/s. A new algorithm was defined using transit time (TTpop): corrected PWVpop (m/s) = 0.150/TTpop(s) + 1.381*Height(m) + 1.148. We enrolled 24 children in the validation group. Mean corrected PWVpop was 4.231 ± 0.189 m/s and mean SphygmoCor® PWV was 4.208 ± 0.296 m/s with a corrected difference of 0.023(CI95%(-0.086;0.131)) m/s. With this algorithm correction, we found an agreement between PWV measured by the SphygmoCor® and the pOpmètre®, with a difference of less than 10%. Using this algorithm, the pOpmètre® could be used in clinical or research practice in young children exposed to cardiovascular risk. (This study was registered as NCT02991703).