Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Globalization and United States ’ Intra-Industry Trade

The recent trend of globalization has given rise to a new paradigm in international economics, i.e. the simultaneous exports and imports of a product within country or a particular industry called intra-industry trade (IIT) or two-way trade. This study examines country-levels determinants of intra-industry trade, in U.S. trade. The manuscript applies a static and dynamic panel data approach. In contrast to previous studies, this paper used a dynamic panel data to solve the problems of serial correlation and endogeneity. The results indicate that IIT occurs more frequently among countries that are similar in terms of factor endowments. We also introduce economic dimension; this proxy confirms the positive effect of IIT. Our results also confirm the hypothesis that trade increases if the transportation costs decrease. JEL Classifications: F12, C20.
The Application of the Signal Duration Method for Magnitude Estimation of Microseismic Events

A trilinear scale was developed for magnitude estimation of seismic events within a magnitude range of -3 < M < 4 based on the signal duration (or coda length) of the seismic event. This scale was obtained from a near-surface microseismic monitoring dataset of a hydraulic fracturing stimulation in a shale-gas reservoir in the Duvernay Formation, in western Canada, where 17 seismic events of magnitudes between 1.5 and 3.6 were induced during the stimulation and reported by a regional seismological network. The reported magnitudes of these events were implemented to calibrate an energy-based magnitude scale, and to estimate the magnitudes of the microseismic events detected during the monitored stimulation. The proposed trilinear scale was obtained from a regression between the estimated energy magnitudes and the measured coda lengths for the same events, and can be implemented in future hydraulic-fracturing monitoring projects to estimate the magnitude of detected microseismic events.
Genetic and non-genetic analyses of North Pacific common minke whales under newly defined sub-areas

During the preparatory meeting for the first intersessional workshop of the western North Pacific common minke whale Implementation Review held at Tokyo in September, 2010, new sub-areas were defined for the management of minke whales in this area, and three hypotheses for the stock structure of minke whales were proposed. Hypotheses I and II listed two stocks, J and O stocks, around Japan, while Hypothesis III listed four stocks, JW, JE, OW, and OE stocks, around Japan, other than Y stock in the Yellow Sea (Hypotheses II and III). We analyzed genetic as well as non-genetic data obtained from the North Pacific common minke whales collected around Japan in order to describe their stock structure under newly defined sub-areas. The analyzed minke whales were collected during the offshore component of JARPN and JARPNII from 1994 to 2007, during the coastal component of JARPNII from 2002 to 2007, and from bycatches in the set net fishery along the Japanese coast from 2001 to 2007. The genetic data was obtained from analyzing genetic variation at 16 microsatellite loci. Prior to the comparisons among the minke whale samples from different sub-areas, two different kinds of stock identification procedure were used to distinguish the individual whales into the J and O stocks: Bayesian clustering method for the microsatellite genotypic data (Kanda et al., 2009) and mitochondrial DNA haplogroups (AG, AA, GA, GG) based on the sequence variation at the control region of mtDNA (Baker et al., 2000). Under the microsatellite stock identification, no evidence of genetic heterogeneity was observed between the J stock samples from Sea of Japan and the Pacific coast of Japan (1E, 6E, 10E, 2C, 7CS, and 7CN) and among the O stock samples from Pacific side of Japan (2C, 7CS, 7CN, 7W, 7E, 8, and 9). In contrast, under the mtDNA haplogroup identification, evidence of heterogeneity was observed between the samples from Sea of Japan and the Pacific coast of western Japan (6E and 2C) and from the Pacific coast of eastern Japan (7CS and 7CN). The most likely explanation for the observed genetic heterogeneity was, however, due to the incomplete stock ID of the both methods. Under the both identification methods, no heterogeneity was detected between the samples from Sea of Japan and from the Pacific side of western Japan in the J stock (no JW and JE) and between the samples from the coastal and from offshore areas of Pacific Ocean in the O stock (no OW and OE). Therefore, these results were inconsistent with the hypothesis III. Analysis of the non-genetic data, such as fluke color pattern and flipper color pattern, showed the same pattern to that observed from the genetic study. Our results supported the hypotheses I and I
Green Growth , Degrowth , and the Commons 1 2

The concepts of ‘Green Growth’ and ‘Degrowth’ occupy central positions in the 19 public debate on the relationship between economic growth and the environment. 20 While proponents of the former approach claim that environmental measures can 21 promote growth by e.g. more efficient use of natural resources, proponents of the 22 latter maintain that environmental integrity can only be upheld by slowing down 23 growth. This paper argues that both approaches constitute inadequate foundations 24 for public policy as they fail to appropriately conceptualize social welfare. We show 25 how policy aimed at social welfare can be understood as managing a portfolio of 26 capital stocks some of which exhibit the characteristics of ‘commons’ (i.e. common 27 pool resources and public goods). We then propose a program of ‘welfare 28 diagnostics’, which aims at establishing minimum thresholds for capital stocks 29 essential to welfare as a guide for real-world policy formulation and discuss the role 30 of appropriation of natural resource rents for its practical implementation. We 31 conclude by highlighting the central role of scientific policy advice in determining 32 how different conceptions of welfare would be reflected in setting targets and 33 choosing the means to achieve them. 34
Title Extreme Temperatures and Time-Use in China Permalink

How do people in developing countries respond to extreme temperatures? Using individual-level panel data over two decades and relying on plausibly exogenous variation in weather, we estimate how extreme temperatures affect time use in China. Extreme temperatures reduce time spent working, and this effect is largest for female farmers. Hot days reduce time spent by women on outdoor chores, but we find no such effects for men. Finally, hot days dramatically reduce time spent on childcare, reflecting large effects on home production. Taken together, our results suggest time use is an important margin of response to extreme temperatures.
The Cross-Domain Re-interpretation of Artistic Ideas

The goal of this study was to investigate the translate-ability of creative works into other domains. We tested whether people were able to recognize which works of art were inspired by which pieces of music. Three expert painters created four paintings, each of which was the artist’s interpretation of one of four different pieces of instrumental music. Participants were able to identify which paintings were inspired by which pieces of music at statistically significant above-chance levels. The findings support the hypothesis that creative ideas can exist in an at least somewhat domainindependent state of potentiality and become more welldefined as they are actualized in accordance with the constraints of a particular domain.
Satisfaction in Patients After Rhinoplasty Using the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation Questionnaire

Introduction Rhinoplasty is a challenging procedure. The goal of the surgery is not only to restore the function and youthful appearance of the nose but also to improve quality of life. With the passage of time, the trend has been changing rapidly from more invasive to less invasive procedures. Although the technical aspects of rhinoplasty are important, patient satisfaction is the factor that dictates the success of the procedure. Materials and methods A total of 118 rhinoplasties were performed in our department between 2016 and 2018. The Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire was used to study the patients' satisfaction level. Ninety out of 118 patients took part in this study. Rhinoplasty was done using an open technique in all cases. The ROE questionnaire was filled preoperation and six months postoperation. Data analysis was done using SSPS statistic version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, US). Results The main reasons for rhinoplasty in our patients were: aesthetic 23.3% (n=21), functional 25.5% (n=23), and a combination of both in 51% (n=46) patients. The mean ROE score of all patients preoperation was 30.5 (males: 31.3, females 29.8) and the mean score postoperation was 79.5 (males 78.2, females 80.9) at six months with no statistical differences (CI 17.11 - 12.59, P=0.762). However, both genders showed a statistically significant improvement between the preoperative and postoperative scores (mean difference = 49.3, CI 63.25 - 35.34, P<0.01), indicating an overall good satisfaction level after surgery. The satisfaction level of patients was inversely proportional to their level of understanding and knowledge of the surgical procedure. This difference was statistically significant ( CI 7.36-10.42, P<0.01). Minor corrections or modifications were done in eight patients under local anesthesia, with no significant difference in ROE scores as compared to those who had single surgery (CI 0.7 - 1.6, P=0.92). There was no statistically significant difference in the before and after surgery ROE scores among patients operated by different surgeons as well (P=0.82). Conclusion Our study shows that rhinoplasty, despite being a complex procedure, has proven benefits in terms of functional as well as aesthetic outcomes. The ROE questionnaire proves to be a valid tool for estimating patient satisfaction in our population. There is a need for further training and education of surgeons in Pakistan to improve the functional and aesthetic disabilities of nasal deformities.
First-Principles Modeling of the Temperature Dependence for the Superlattice Intrinsic Stacking Fault Energies in L 1 _ 2 Ni _ { 75-x } X _ x Al _ { 25 } Alloys

10 Stronger and more resistant alloys are required in order to increase the performance and efficiency 11 of jet engines and gas turbines. This will eventually require planar faults engineering, or a complete 12 understanding of the effects of composition and temperature on the various planar faults that 13 arise as a result of shearing of the γ′ precipitates. In this work, a combined scheme consisting 14 of the density functional theory, the quasi-harmonic Debye model, and the axial Ising model, in 15 conjunction with a quasistatic approach are used to assess the effect of composition and temperature 16 of a series of pseudo-binary alloys based on the (Ni75−xXx)Al25 system using distinct relaxation 17 schemes to assess observed differences. Our calculations reveal that the (111) superlattice intrinsic 18 stacking fault energies in these systems decline modestly with temperature between 0 K and 1000 K. 19
Sampling-Tree Model: Efficient Implementation of Distributed Bayesian Inference in Neural Networks

Experimental observations from neuroscience have suggested that the cognitive process of human brain is realized as probabilistic reasoning and further modeled as Bayesian inference. However, it remains unclear how Bayesian inference could be implemented by network of neurons in the brain. Here a novel implementation of neural circuit, named the sampling-tree model, is proposed to fulfill this aim. By using a deep tree structure to implement sampling with simple and stackable basic neural network motifs for any given Bayesian networks, one can perform local inference while guaranteeing the accuracy of global inference. We show that these task-independent motifs can be used in parallel for fast inference without intensive iteration and scale-limitation. As a result, this model utilizes the structure benefit of neuronal system, i.e., neuronal abundance and multihierarchy, to perform fast inference in an extendable way.
RNAi mediated knockdown of RpL 11 , RpS 2 , and tra-2 led to reduced reproduction of

Phytoseiulus persimilis is one of the most important biological control agents of spider mites. Multiple studies have been conducted on factors affecting its reproduction, but limited research on related molecular mechanisms has been carried out. In this study, RNA interference of three genes, ribosomal protein L11 (RpL11), ribosomal protein S2 (RpS2), and transformer-2 (tra-2), to newly emerged females were performed through oral delivery of double-stranded RNA, and knockdown of target genes was verified using qRT-PCR analysis. When RpL11 or RpS2 was interfered, 42 and 30% P. persimilis individuals either laid no egg or had no egg hatched, whereas the remaining females had their oviposition duration reduced by 31.8 and 49.9%, fecundity reduced by 48.1 and 67.8%, and egg hatching rate reduced by 20.4 and 22.4%, respectively. In addition, offspring sex ratios were significantly male biased especially at low fecundities. When tra-2 was interfered, no significant difference in fecundity was detected, but egg hatching rate reduced by 30.6%. This study verified the possibility of RNA interference in Phytoseiidae through oral delivery, and indicated that RpL11 and RpS2 are involved in egg formation, whereas tra-2 is involved in embryo development in P. persimilis. Phytoseiid mites have different sex determination pathways compared to insects. The present study provides data and evidence at molecular biological level for future research on reproduction and sex determination of phytoseiid mites.
Compar ison of f our glycosyl residue composition methods f or eff ectiveness in det ecting sugars fr om c ell w alls of dic ot and g rass tissues

Background: The effective use of plant biomass for biofuel and bioproduct production requires a comprehensive glycosyl residue composition analysis to understand the different cell wall polysaccharides present in the different biomass sources. Here we compared four methods side‐by‐side for their ability to measure the neutral and acidic sugar composition of cell walls from herbaceous, grass, and woody model plants and bioenergy feedstocks. Results: Arabidopsis, Populus, rice, and switchgrass leaf cell walls, as well as cell walls from Populus wood, rice stems, and switchgrass tillers, were analyzed by (1) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) of alditol acetates combined with a total uronic acid assay; (2) carbodiimide reduction of uronic acids followed by GC–MS of alditol ace‐ tates; (3) GC–MS of trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives; and (4) high‐pressure, anion‐exchange chromatography (HPAEC). All four methods gave comparable abundance ranking of the seven neutral sugars, and three of the methods were able to quantify unique acidic sugars. The TMS, HPAEC, and carbodiimide methods provided comparable quantita‐ tive results for the specific neutral and acidic sugar content of the biomass, with the TMS method providing slightly greater yield of specific acidic sugars and high total sugar yields. The alditol acetate method, while providing compa‐ rable information on the major neutral sugars, did not provide the requisite quantitative information on the specific acidic sugars in plant biomass. Thus, the alditol acetate method is the least informative of the four methods. Conclusions: This work provides a side‐by‐side comparison of the efficacy of four different established glycosyl residue composition analysis methods in the analysis of the glycosyl residue composition of cell walls from both dicot (Arabidopsis and Populus) and grass (rice and switchgrass) species. Both primary wall‐enriched leaf tissues and secondary wall‐enriched wood/stem tissues were analyzed for mol% and mass yield of the non‐cellulosic sugars. The TMS, HPAEC, and carbodiimide methods were shown to provide comparable quantitative data on the nine neutral and acidic sugars present in all plant cell walls.
Study on different template-based production processes for magnetic nanowires

Nickel-iron (NiFe) nanowires with a high content of nickel and large aspect-ratio show promising characteristics for applications in modern micro-systems. In this study, nanowires with well-controlled diameter, height and composition are fabricated using nanoporous poly-carbonate (PC) and anodized aluminum-oxide (AAO) membranes. Differences between potentiostatic and pulsed deposition methods were studied with regard to their flexibility and a recommendation for the best use of the individual types is given. With the application of the presented processes, future technologies as magnetic energy-harvesting or nano-fluxgate sensors can be improved.
Transcription factors LEF 1 , PU . 1 and IRF 8 have decreased expression levels in majority of de novo acute myeloid leukemia patients

(1) MSc student in Laboratory Hematology and blood Banking Laboratory Hematology and blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran (2) Assistant Professor (clinical Advisor) Pediatric congenital hematologic disorders research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran (3) Assistant Professor in Laboratory Hematology and blood Banking (Lab Advisor ) Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank Department, Faculty of Paramedical, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. HSCT Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (4) Assistant Professor Of Medical Oncology,Hematology, Cancer prevention research center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran (5) Assistant Professor Of Medical Oncology,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Taleghani Hospital,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences HSCT Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Thran, Iran (6) Research assistant, Laboratory Hematology and blood Banking Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran (7) Assistant Professor in Laboratory Hematology and blood Banking Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank Department, Faculty of Paramedical, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. HSCT Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Screen : an energy-based structure selection method

We have developed a method to improve the doping computation efficiency, this method is based on first principles calculations and cluster expansion. First principles codes produce highly accurate total energies and optimized geometries for any given structure. Cluster expansion method constructs a cluster expansion using partial first principles results and computes the energies for other structures derived from a parent lattice. Using this method, energies for multiple doping structures can be predicted quickly without series of first principles calculations. This method has been packaged into a tool named as CE Screen and integrated into MatCloud (A high-throughput first principles calculation platform). This makes the tool simple and easy for all the users.
FRICTION OF FRENKEL-KONTOROVA ATOMISTIC MODEL AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE

The atomistic origin of friction forces stemming from interfacial atomic-interactions has been investigated from both of theoretical and experimental viewpoints [1,2]. By studying frictional properties of nano-structured materials, novel understandings explaining the atomistic mechanisms of static/dynamic friction and those of superlubricity appearing at incommensurately contacting surfaces have been obtained. For applying the superlubricity mechanisms for practical use, it is crucial to determine the conditions for its appearance, describing how we design and synthesize superlubric systems. To this end, we need to develop realistic interatomic potentials of metals and semiconductors, and also develop the tribological molecular dynamics simulation at elevated-controlled temperature. This study has presented the atomic-scale friction simulation at elevated temperature. The friction diagram, specified by the parameters of sliding velocity and adhesive interaction has been investigated. Two regimes such as friction and superlubricity appear and it has been examined how atmospheric temperature affects the sliding properties in friction and superlubricity regime.
Fundamental Science of Energy 010 " Fundamental studies of diffusion and reactions in hydrogen storage materials "

Hydrogen can serve as an energy carrier in a carbon-neutral system of energy production and use [1,2], but adequate hydrogen storage materials are still lacking in spite of many decades of investigations. In addition to being reversible and meeting stringent weight % and volume criteria, candidate materials must exhibit favourable kinetics for hydrogen uptake and release. The fundamental mechanisms of the (de)hydrogenation process have remained elusive to date. We have initiated a study of the relevant reactions, resulting in an identification of the dominant defect species involved in hydrogen transport in nonmetallic hosts. While the concepts discussed here are general, we illustrate them with detailed first-principles results for sodium alanate. We identify hydrogen-related point defects as the essential mediators of hydrogen transport. A novel finding of this work is that the defects are positively or negatively charged, and hence their formation energies are Fermi-level dependent−an important feature that has not been recognized in past studies. This dependence enables us to explain why small amounts of transition-metal additives drastically alter the kinetics of dehydrogenation. * Present address: United Technologies Research Center, 411 Silver Lane, MS 129-90, East Hartford, CT 06108
EnTrust: Regulating Sensor Access by Cooperating Programs via Delegation Graphs

Modern operating systems support a cooperating program abstraction that, instead of placing all functionality into a single program, allows diverse programs to cooperate to complete tasks requested by users. However, untrusted programs may exploit such interactions to spy on users through device sensors by causing privileged system services to misuse their permissions, or to forward user requests to malicious programs inadvertently. Researchers have previously explored methods to restrict access to device sensors based on the state of the user interface that elicited the user input or based on the set of cooperating programs, but the former approach does not consider cooperating programs and the latter approach has been found to be too restrictive for many cases. In this paper, we propose EnTrust, an authorization system that tracks the processing of input events across programs for eliciting approvals from users for sensor operations. EnTrust constructs delegation graphs by linking input events to cooperation events among programs that lead to sensor operation requests, then uses such delegation graphs for eliciting authorization decisions from users. To demonstrate this approach, we implement the EnTrust authorization system for Android OS. In a laboratory study, we show that attacks can be prevented at a much higher rate (47-67% improvement) compared to the first-use approach. Our field study reveals that EnTrust only requires a user effort comparable to the first-use approach while incurring negligible performance (<1% slowdown) and memory overheads (5.5 KB per program).