Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Language ability in the development of externalizing behavior problems in childhood.

Poorer language ability has been shown to predict the development of externalizing behavior problems such as aggression and conduct problems. However, the developmental process that links poorer language ability to externalizing problems is unclear. The present study examined (a) whether withinchild changes in language ability predict within-child changes in externalizing problems, (b) whether social skills are a potential mechanism that explains the association between language ability and externalizing problems, and (c) whether there are sex-related differences in the association between language ability and externalizing problems. The present study examined these questions in children (N 1,364) followed annually from 4 to 10 years of age. Language ability was assessed by a measure of receptive language (i.e., vocabulary). Externalizing problems were rated by mothers and teachers. Social skills were rated by mothers, fathers, and teachers. Findings showed that within-child changes in language ability predicted within-child changes in externalizing problems, even controlling for the family’s income-to-needs ratio. We found that social skills partially mediated the association between poorer language ability and later externalizing problems, but this was limited to a between-person effect. There was not strong evidence of sex-related differences in the association. Findings suggest that language ability may play a role in the development of externalizing problems for boys and girls, and that social skills may be a mechanism that partially explains how poorer language ability leads to the development of externalizing problems. Or, alternatively, language ability, social skills, and externalizing problems may partially share common causes.
An Experimental Evaluation and Analysis of Database Cracking

First of all, we want to thank the reviewers for their helpful comments. In this cover letter, we document all the changes that we did. In addition, we attach a revised version of our paper where all changes over our previous submission are marked in blue. This will help you to track down the changes. Besides discussing / answering / documenting each of the comments / questions / revision requests (“Answer” part), we also explicitly indicate the changes we did in the paper to help you track how the revised version improved over our first submission (“Changes in the Paper” part).
Alterations of color vision and pupillary light responses in age-related macular degeneration

Introduction Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible central vision loss in developed countries and one of the leading causes of blindness. In this work, we evaluated color vision and the pupil light reflex (PLR) to assess visual function in patients with early and neovascular AMD (NVAMD) compared with the control group. Methods We recruited 34 early patients with dry AMD and classified them into two groups following AREDS: 13 patients with NVAMD and 24 healthy controls. Controls and patients with early dry AMD had visual acuity (VA) best or equal to 20/25 (0.098 logMAR). Color vision was assessed in controls and patients with early dry AMD using the Cambridge Color Test (CCT) 2.0 through the Trivector protocol. The PLR was evaluated using a Ganzfeld, controlled by the RETI–port system. The stimuli consisted of 1s blue (470 nm) and red (631 nm) light flashes presented alternately at 2-min intervals. To assess the cone contribution, we used a red flash at 2.4 log cd.m–2, with a blue background at 0.78 log cd.m–2. For rods, we used 470-nm flashes at –3 log cd.m–2, and for the melanopsin function of ipRGCs, we used 470 nm at 2.4 log cd.m–2. Results Patients with early dry AMD had reduced color discrimination in all three axes: protan (p = 0.0087), deutan (p = 0.0180), and tritan (p = 0.0095) when compared with the control group. The PLR has also been affected in patients with early dry AMD and patients with NVAMD. The amplitude for the melanopsin-driven response was smaller in patients with early dry AMD (p = 0.0485) and NVAMD (p = 0.0035) than in the control group. The melanopsin function was lower in patients with NVAMD (p = 0.0290) than the control group. For the rod-driven response, the latency was lower in the NVAMD group (p = 0.0041) than in the control group. No changes were found in cone-driven responses between the control and AMD groups. Conclusion Patients with early dry AMD present diffusely acquired color vision alteration detected by CCT. Rods and melanopsin contributions for PLR are affected in NVAMD. The CCT and the PLR may be considered sensitive tests to evaluate and monitor functional changes in patients with AMD.
Uninterrupted embryonic growth leading to viviparous propagule formation in woody mangrove

Vivipary is a rare sexual reproduction phenomenon where embryos germinate directly on the maternal plants. However, it is a common genetic event of woody mangroves in the Rhizophoraceae family. The ecological benefits of vivipary in mangroves include the nurturing of seedlings in harsh coastal and saline environments, but the genetic and molecular mechanisms of vivipary remain unclear. Here we investigate the viviparous embryo development and germination processes in mangrove Kandelia obovata by a transcriptomic approach. Many key biological pathways and functional genes were enriched in different tissues and stages, contributing to vivipary. Reduced production of abscisic acid set a non-dormant condition for the embryo to germinate directly. Genes involved in the metabolism of and response to other phytohormones (gibberellic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinin, and auxin) are expressed precociously in the axis of non-vivipary stages, thus promoting the embryo to grow through the seed coat. Network analysis of these genes identified the central regulatory roles of LEC1 and FUS3, which maintain embryo identity in Arabidopsis. Moreover, photosynthesis related pathways were significantly up-regulated in viviparous embryos, and substance transporter genes were highly expressed in the seed coat, suggesting a partial self-provision and maternal nursing. We conclude that the viviparous phenomenon is a combinatorial result of precocious loss of dormancy and enhanced germination potential during viviparous seed development. These results shed light on the relationship between seed development and germination, where the continual growth of the embryo replaces a biphasic phenomenon until a mature propagule is established.
Sustainability and Real Estate Rental Rates: Empirical Evidence for Switzerland

We analyze the relation between Swiss properties’ sustainability and their financial performance. For this purpose we use a unique dataset that contains a broad range of financial variables and sustainability criteria. All the properties were assessed with the Economic Sustainability Indicator (ESI) which consists of a wide-ranging set of sustainability subindicators. The aggregate ESI-Indicator allows to quantify a property’s overall sustainability from an investor’s point of view using various building characterstics. This indicator thus can be used to measure how a property’s overall sustainability impacts its rental rate. As it is possible to select specific subsets of the ESI-subindicators, investigations are also possible at a disaggregated level. We specify two versions of a modified hedonic pricing model, and obtain significant and robust estimates of the properties’ sustainability impact (i.e. ESI-Indicators) on their rental rates. Additionally we can show that the effect of a one point increase of a property’s ESI-Indicator is as much as a 15 percent rise of its rental rate. On a disaggregated level it is found that of the ESI-Indicator’s five sustainability criteria, all but one criteria (i.e. Flexibility and Polyvalence) have a positive impact on real estate’s rental rates. Finally, it can be shown that if a property fulfills the popular Minergie-label’s requirements (i.e. minimal energy efficiency standard and comfort ventilation), this is not affecting significantly that building’s rental rate.
The Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in the Relationship Between Emotion Regulation and Conflict Tactics in Couples

The Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in the Relationship Between Emotion Regulation and Conflict Tactics in Couples Natalie Gold Orr School of Family Life, BYU Master of Science Gross’ emotion regulation model, Porges’ polyvagal theory, and other existing research suggest that regulation of emotions, tactics used to handle conflict, and certain physiological processes that occur within the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in response to stress are significantly related, especially in relational contexts. However, despite their pervasiveness and negative impacts, there is a noticeable lack of research on predictors of violent, aggressive, or abusive conflict tactics in couples. In the current study, the predictive role of emotion regulation in relation to conflict tactics was examined, in addition to the role of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre-ejection period (PEP) as mediators for these variables. Thirty-eight participants (19 couples) completed self-report measures of emotion regulation and conflict tactics, and RSA and PEP were measured during a three-minute baseline and 20-minute conflict discussion. Results showed no significant relationships between emotion regulation and conflict tactics, and no significant relationships between these variables and RSA or PEP were found. These findings may suggest that other variables aside from measures of ANS activity better explain the relationship between emotional and behavioral regulation skills, though additional research is necessary to confirm these findings. Clinical implications of this research point to the exploration of other contributors to violence and aggression aside from poor emotion regulation as it was measured in this study. Future research may benefit from investigating the impact of other variables such as sleep and exercise on ANS reactivity in relation to the use of maladaptive conflict tactics in married couples.
High-Speed and Energy-Efficient MAC design using Vedic Multiplier and Carry Skip Adder

- In this paper, we present a High-speed energy efficient Multiply and Accumulator(MAC) structure using the Vedic multiplier and various carry-skip adders. In this paper, first, we examine the area and delays of three types of Carry Skip Adder designs. The first design is conventional CSKA using MUX. Second CSKA structure the by applying concatenation and incrementation techniques to provide better efficiency than that of conventional CSKA (Conv-CSKA) structure. Also, instead of using multiplexer logic, the CI-CSKA makes use of AND-OR-Invert (AOI) and OR-AND-Invert (OAI) compound gates for the skip logic (CI-CSKA). The third CSKA design which implements variable stage size(VSS) CSKA and with the 8-bit parallel prefix adder (PPA) to reduce the delay. These CSKA adders are used in MAC implementations along with the 16x16 Vedic multiplier and the results are studied. Verilog HDL is used for designing the circuits. The Xilinx Xpower tool is used to study the power and thus the energy efficiency is also calculated. The synthesis and simulation results are obtained using Xilinx ISE 14.7.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOFILM FORMATION FROM MIXED MICROFLORA AT MESOPHILIC AND THERMOPHILIC FERMENTATIVE HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Accepted 19 June 2017 Biofilm-based systems have been extensively used as immobilized cell systems as they enhance the reaction rates and population d ynamics. Therefore, this study was done to characterize the biofilm formatio n from anaerobic sludge for fermentative hydrogen (H2) production at mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. This study has been focusing on the dev elopment of mixed microflora biofilms whereby the physical and chemic al characteristics of the biofilm will be studied. Several tests were done to characterize the biofilm formation, which included the Fourier transform inf rared spectroscopy (FTIR) to test the functional group present in the immobilized cell, analysis on the gas produced by the immobilised cells using a as analyser, and lastly analysis on the chemical compositions presence in t he extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of biofilm. This study h ad identified that the highest amount of gas collected which representing hydrogen is 470 ppm with the condition of 60 °C with GAC. From the FTIR analysis, the functional group exist in two peak 3308.3cm -1 and 1637.12cm are the hydroxyl (O-H) group and the combination of C–N + N –H groups in proteins respectively. The transmission of each peak from th e FTIR result, and the concentration of the carbohydrate and protein in th e extracted EPS had increased with the increasing of the fermentation d ay, indicates that the physical and chemical properties of the EPS may cha nge more than expected during biofilm growth and alteration.
Minimum geocoding match rates: an international study of the impact of data and areal unit sizes

ABSTRACT The analysis of geographically referenced data, specifically point data, is predicated on the accurate geocoding of those data. Geocoding refers to the process in which geographically referenced data (addresses, for example) are placed on a map. This process may lead to issues with positional accuracy or the inability to geocode an address. In this paper, we conduct an international investigation into the impact of the (in)ability to geocode an address on the resulting spatial pattern. We use a variety of point data sets of crime events (varying numbers of events and types of crime), a variety of areal units of analysis (varying the number and size of areal units), from a variety of countries (varying underlying administrative systems), and a locally-based spatial point pattern test to find the levels of geocoding match rates to maintain the spatial patterns of the original data when addresses are missing at random. We find that the level of geocoding success depends on the number of points and the number of areal units under analysis, but generally show that the necessary levels of geocoding success are lower than found in previous research. This finding is consistent across different national contexts.
Selecting Training Data By Evaluating Existing Models Reusing models for the MoReBikeS Challenge

This paper provides an explanation about three approaches for the MoReBikeS Challenge [1]. While the ﬁrst of them was submitted to the competition, the other two, although performing better than the submitted solution, were developed only after the deadline for participation. The submitted solution consists in using the provided models to select sources of data when building new training sets. The new data sets are supposed to have greater number of instances and features with better quality. The other solutions are based on making an ensemble with the provided models, weighing them according to some criteria of suitability on the assessed data.
Master Computer Science Programming a Stochastic Constraint Optimisation Algorithm, by Optimisation

Stochastic Constraint Optimisation Problems (SCOPs) , such as the viral marketing problem and powergrid reliability problem , arise in ﬁelds like industry, governance and science. Recent developments combine techniques from the ﬁelds of Probabilistic Logic Programming and Constraint Programming , and make it possible to model and solve such SCOPs eﬃciently. Solving SCOPs exactly is NP-hard, and to solve real-world problems, the design of exact SCOP solving methods must be highly optimised. To optimise the design of a recently developed solving method for SCOPs on monotonic probability distributions, we follow the principle of Programming by Optimisation . We expose design choices and add alternatives to those choices. This allows us to optimise these choices using Automated Algorithm Conﬁguration . We compare the performance of our optimised SCOP solver to that of an expert-chosen default conﬁguration of the solver. For a set of viral marketing problems, the optimised solver runs up to 51 times faster and solves more than 80% of the instances that could not be solved within a cutoﬀ time of ten minutes by the default. For a set of powergrid reliability problems, the optimised solver solves 9% more instances overall, and solves instances up to 17 times faster.
Effectiveness of intrathecal n icardipine on cerebral vasospasm in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review protocol

© Review question/objective: The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of intrathecal (IT) nicardipine on cerebral vasospasm and its impact on the following outcome measures: mean flow velocities, angiographic and/or clinical vasospasm and infection rates. Specifically, the review question is: What is the effectiveness of IT nicardipine on cerebral vasospasm in adult patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Local-overall interactive buckling behaviour of welded stainless steel I-section columns

The local-overall interactive buckling behaviour of welded stainless steel I-section columns was experimentally and numerically examined in this study. A total of ten test specimens were fabricated from hot-rolled stainless steel plates and axially loaded between two pin-ended supports. The specimens failed by local-overall interactive buckling about the minor axis. Prior to the member testing, material properties, residual stresses and initial local and global geometric imperfections were all accurately determined. Detailed finite element (FE) models, capable of simulating the interactive buckling behaviour and predicting the ultimate capacity of welded stainless steel I-section columns, were validated against the obtained test results. The validated FE models were subsequently used to carry out systematic parametric studies, exploring the influences of the key input parameters, including the welding residual stresses, initial geometric imperfections, material properties and slenderness ratios. The generated test and numerical results were then used to assess the accuracy of a series of existing design methods: Eurocode 3 Part 1.4 and the design proposal of Rasmussen and Rondal, both of which employ the effective width concept, and the two separate design proposals of Becque et al. in the EN 1993-1-4 and AS/NZS 4673 formats and the proposal of Huang and Young, all of which are based on the direct strength method (DSM). Based upon the assembled data points, two separate design curves are proposed herein for austenitic and duplex stainless steels, which have been demonstrated to offer very accurate strength predictions for welded stainless steel I-section columns undergoing interactive buckling.
Drowsiness Detection for Safe Driving

Driving while sleep-deprived is dangerous. Drowsy drivers have significantly lower reaction times and worsened abilities to sustain attention, which increases the chance of getting into vehicle accidents. One of the challenges of preventing drowsy driving is that the drivers themselves may not be aware of the fatigue because the signs of fatigue can be difficult to identify. To solve this problem, we developed an Android application that detects whether a driver is drowsy. Our application uses facial recognition methods to analyze video of the driver at the wheel, and can alert the driver if drowsiness is detected. To encourage habitual safe driving, we incorporated a streak feature, which, over frequent uses, keeps track of how long the driver has driven without detected drowsiness. The goal of our project is to remove the burden on the driver of identifying their fatigue, allowing safer driving.
A Knowledge Base to Dynamically Generate Context-Dependent Software Architectures for Autonomous Vehicles

—An autonomous vehicle, towards the goal of being intelligent, must drive in several contexts along its way to destination (e.g., crowded urban streets, straight highways, roundabouts). However, the algorithms (e.g., for perception) running on the automated vehicle in one environment (e.g., in urban zones) are not the same as those running in another one (e.g., on highways). In this paper, we present an approach, based on a knowledge base, to dynamically generate the software architecture of an autonomous vehicle, i.e., make the autonomous vehicle adaptable and context-dependent. Our approach is less CPU power consuming than representing all possible software components inside a large architecture, and switching from one component to another as context changes. Attractive results in simulation are presented, proving the feasibility of the concept.
Berendsen and Nose-Hoover thermostats

This is just a brief summary about the Berendsen and Nose-Hoover thermostats which is far away from being complete. For a more detailed description see e.g. [1]. 1 Temperature in MD The instantaneous value of the temperature is related to the kinetic energy via the particles’ momenta as follows:
31st Nordic Meteorological Meeting – NMM31 Reykjavík, 18-20 June 2018 O1.1 Plans for surface processes and surface data assimilation in HARMONIE-AROME

Currently we are in total some 24 countries in Europe and Northern Africa who develop and use the ALADIN-HIRLAM NWP system. The system is applied in different configurations, i.e. different combinations of model components, but from now on most of them refer to SURFEX (Surface Externalisée, in French) for all the surface processes (land, sea, lake, town) and for surface data assimilation. The configuration used by HIRLAM is named HARMONIE-AROME.
GRAPH EMBEDDING LECTURE NOTE

In this lecture, we aim to learn several techniques to ﬁnd suﬃcient conditions on a dense graph G to contain a sparse graph H as a subgraph. In particular, for a given graph H , we investigate conditions on e ( G ) or δ ( G ) to guarantee an embedding of H into G .
Simplification of Punjabi Sentences: Converting Complex Participial Sentences into Simple Sentences

INTRODUCTION: In this world of internet and artificial intelligence, Natural Language Processing has emerged as most demanding research area. Under Natural Language Processing, sentence simplification is one of the research area that deals with simplification or conversion of complex sentences in to simple sentences. OBJECTIVES: In this research article, author has proposed a novel approach for conversion (simplification) of complex sentences (participial type) of Punjabi language into easily understandable simple sentences. METHODS: Author performed lexical and morphological simplification by using morphological features of the language. Morphological features are used to identify the participial type complex sentences. RESULTS: on testing the proposed algorithm, a precision of 96.39%, recall of 91.37% and Fmeasure as 93.79% was reported. CONCLUSION: the developed system can be helpful for Aphasic and Dyslexia readers and can be used as subpart for machine translation system, summarization system and other Natural Language Processing applications.