Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rebuilding East Coast Rock Lobster Stocks: Developing an Effective Management Framework for Recovery

Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii) has a long history of commercial exploitation in Tasmania, supporting a major fishery with recent catches in the order of 1000 tonnes p.a. and a landed value of about $90 million. The species has long represented a traditional food source for the local Aboriginal population as well as being highly prized by the recreational sector, with about 20,000 fishers taking recreational rock lobster licences each year. Concerns around declining rock lobster stocks in Tasmania were identified in the late 2000s and in 2011 east coast stocks were assessed to have hit historically low levels, attributed to a combination of several years of below average recruitment and heavy fishing pressure. In response, an East Coast Stock Rebuilding Strategy (ECSRS) was implemented in 2013 with a goal to rebuild east coast stocks to greater than 20% of unfished levels by 2023. A key element of this strategy is to limit the average annual total catch (recreational and commercial) off the east coast of Tasmania to no more than 200 tonnes. Under the strategy the commercial fishery is subjected to a catch cap which is monitored within the quota management system. A number of measures have been progressively implemented to constrain recreational catches, including reductions in bag and possession limits and the length of the fishing season. In 2016, it was determined that the East Coast Stock Rebuilding Zone (ECSRZ) catch limit be split 79% to commercial and 21% to recreational sectors, reflecting the historic proportion of commercial and recreational catches from within the rebuilding zone. This meant that the initial maximum catch allocation was split 158 tonnes to the commercial fishery and 42 tonnes to the recreational fishery. Although there have been several adjustments to the maximum catch allocation, the proportional split has remained unchanged. Management of the recreational component of the fishery has proven difficult, with the allocated catch share exceeded in all but one season since the rebuilding strategy was implemented. This situation is likely to be further exacerbated as stocks rebuild; higher catch rates are expected to attract increased effort and overall catches for the sector. For the commercial sector, the catch cap acts as a competitive catch quota which, as catch rates improve, is likely to influence fleet dynamics as fishers ‘race’ to take the limited catch.
Motherhood Wage Penalties in Latin America: The Significance of Labor Informality

Abstract:Previous research has established the presence of a motherhood wage penalty in many developed societies; however, whether mothers face similar disadvantages in developing countries remains underexplored. This article argues that different intervening factors emerge when considering mothers' labor compensation in developing contexts. Labor informality, a key characteristic of labor markets in developing countries, could play a significant role in shaping the wage consequence of motherhood. Using microdata from 43 national household surveys conducted between 2000 and 2017, we analyze five Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. After accounting for selection into employment and human capital, we find that mothers receive lower wages than childless women in all five countries. The penalties are similar to those found in some developed countries, ranging from 12 percent in Brazil to 21 percent in Chile. Mothers' higher likelihood to work in the informal sector accounts for part of the wage gap.
Biodiversity modelling in practice - predicting bird and woody plant species richness on farmlands

ABSTRACT In light of decreasing species richness on farmland and an increasing awareness of biodiversity issues among customers and food companies, concepts and models to evaluate and enhance farmland biodiversity are greatly needed. It is important that the models are easy to apply as they have to be utilized by practitioners such as farmers and their consultants. In this study, simple but valid predictors were identified to rapidly assess the species richness of birds and woody plants in hedgerows, an important farmland landscape element. Hedgerows were sampled in seven agricultural landscapes throughout Germany. By means of automatic model selection procedures, linear regression models were estimated to predict bird and woody plant species richness. Cross validation procedures were carried out in order to visualize model selection uncertainty and estimate the prediction error. Due to a rather high prediction error, the model for plants can only be recommended for use when field work is not feasible. The model for birds, however, explained 70.8% of the variance in species numbers. It may help farmers, food companies and nature conservation agencies to rapidly evaluate bird species richness in hedgerows on farmland and to identify potentials and appropriate measures for enhancing it.
A Large-Signal Model for a Peak Current Mode Controlled Boost Converter With Constant Power Loads

A large-signal averaged model is obtained to analyze the startup response of a boost converter loaded with a constant power load (CPL) and a peak current mode control (CMC). An analytical methodology is developed for the stability analysis during both startup and steady state. The proposed model corresponds to two operating modes: 1) a reduced-order saturated model during startup mode and 2) an unsaturated full-order model taking place when the system reaches the vicinity of the steady state. The duration of the startup period is also determined using the same model. To verify the validity of the derived large-signal model and the theoretical results derived from it, numerical simulation results from this model are compared with those obtained from a detailed switched model and experimental measurements demonstrating that the model can faithfully predict both the large-signal dynamic response during startup as well as the steady-state regime of the system.
Deception Attack Detection and Estimation for a Local Vehicle in Vehicle Platooning Based on a Modified UFIR Estimator

In this article, the position sensor deception attack detection and estimation problem is investigated for a local vehicle in a vehicle platoon. In a platoon system, the position measurement is critical as the distances between neighboring vehicles are relatively small. However, the position measurement of vehicles is usually vulnerable to deception attacks as it relies on external information, such as GPS and environment information from cameras. Therefore, position sensor deception attack detection and estimation should be addressed for local vehicles in a platoon. To deal with this problem, a linearized model is presented to describe the longitudinal dynamics of a local vehicle. Moreover, modeling uncertainties, measurement noises, and piecewise constant deception attacks injected in position measurement are specified along with this model. Based on this model, a scheme based on a modified unbiased finite impulse response (UFIR) estimator is proposed to generate an intermediate estimated value related only to the attack. Then, the deception attack is recovered based on this value through a function fitting strategy. Based on analysis results, simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed attack detection and estimation scheme.
Amelioration effect of rice productivity on newly opened paddy field in West Kalimantan

The expansion of rice fields in West Kalimantan through the open of new paddy fields has been carried out in several districts and the area has reached 11,296 hectares of the 2016 target of 19,000 hectares. Efforts to expand new open fields for paddy farming, especially in acid sulphate (tidal) land, will still face a number of problems, therefore the application of location-specific technologies based on land conditions and characteristics is very important to note. Efforts need to be made for rice farming in new open fields with drainage water management and washing in paddy fields to reduce the concentration of Fe2+ solubility and other toxic elements, nutrient management with balanced fertilization and the application of ameliorant materials. The aim of this study is to find out the productivity of new open field rice by providing ameliorant material. The methodology used in this study was a randomized block design with the treatment of four treatments namely biochar, manure, and lime each repeated six times. The results of the study showed that the application of biochar gave the highest yield of 5.76 t ha−1 and was different when compared to other treatments.
Fluid structure interaction simulations and experimental validation of a pipeline immersed in liquid

In launch vehicles, there are number of fluid systems to cater to various requirements like propellant filling, draining to/from tanks, venting of ullage gases, pressurization of the tanks, feed systems to convey propellants to engine from tanks, lines to convey command gas to actuate various valves etc. These pipe lines are subjected to environmental loads i.e. vibration loads when the launch vehicle starts its course to place the satellite into its designated orbit. It is essential to study the dynamic characteristics of these pipe lines for the design of them for vibration loads. The response of these pipelines depends on fluid environment in which they are immersed. If a pipe line is immersed in liquid, its dynamic characteristics vary largely from that of a pipeline vibrating in ambient environment (air). If the pipe line immersed in fluid, natural frequency reduces and damping increases due to the added mass and fluid viscosity respectively. In order to study these effects, FSI studies are carried out on a pipe line immersed in water using ANSYS CFD and Mechanical software. Convergence studies with respect to time scale are carried out to benchmark the simulation procedure. This simulation procedure is validated by conducting the experiments.
Clinical impact of the High Flow Nasal Cannula in the treatment of asthma crisis in children and adolescents. A pilot study

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease and an important cause of hospitalizations in childhood, being its treatment with inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators, in addition to the use of Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (NIV). High-Fllow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) has been associated with favorable outcomes in several groups of patients, however it is necessary to understand the clinical impact of this resource in the treatment of asthma attacks. Objectives: To analyze the clinical impact of HFNC and NIV in the treatment of asthmatic children and adolescents in crisis. Methods: Randomized clinical trial with children and adolescents 4-16 years of age, both sexes, hospitalized in a Pediatric Hospital of Sao Paulo, randomized to Treatment 1 (T1) HFNC and Treatment 2 (T2) NIV, evaluated by: Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO2); Severity Score Pediatric Asthma Score (PAS); dose of corticoid and inhaled bronchodilator; days of hospitalization and use of Oxygen. Results: Ten asthmatic subjects were included in each group, age T1 = 7.5 (6-10.5) and T2 = 7 (6-8.5). There was a significant reduction of PAS (10 - 5) in both groups; the difference in initial and final doses of salbutamol was higher in the HFNC group (24 ± 21) vs NIV (10.8 ± 11) p = 0.03; the HFNC group used 1 day less oxygen compared to the NIV group. There was also improvement in the final SpO2 in both groups, with p Conclusion: HFNC showed an efficiency not inferior to NIV, with significant clinical impact with significant reduction of salbutamol use, improvement of SpO2, shorter Oxygen use time and lower severity of asthma crisis.
Consumer Grade EEG Measuring Sensors as Research Tools: A Review

Since the launch of the first consumer grade EEG measuring sensors ‘NeuroSky Mindset’ in 2007, the market has witnessed an introduction of at least one new product every year by competing manufacturers, which include NeuroSky, Emotiv, interaXon and OpenBCI. There are numerous variations in the make and versions, but these products clearly share the key selling points of affordability, portability, and ease of use. These features are patently well placed provided one of the main objectives for their development is to attract a new target group of commercial users. Nevertheless, with several decades of traditional EEG usage in clinical and experimental settings, the shift toward commercial and engineering sides has not been achieved without skepticism. With this in mind, researchers in related fields have been tirelessly working to ensure that these putatively novel features were not introduced at the expense of efficiency and accuracy by conducting validation studies to compare the performance of data derived from consumer grade EEG devices with ones from standard research grade counterparts. In this review, we seek to provide the detail of the products supplied by the major players, summarize studies that evaluate consumer product’s performance against research grade devices, the key areas of applications that these consumer grade devices have been employed in over the past five years or so, and finally give our perspectives on the limitations and what these innovative tools could offer going forward in terms of research and commercial applications.
Abstract 1658: M3814, a novel investigational DNA-PK inhibitor: enhancing the effect of fractionated radiotherapy leading to complete regression of tumors in mice

Physical or chemical agents that damage DNA such as ionizing radiation are among the most widely used classes of cancer therapeutics today. Double strand breaks (DSB) generated in DNA by radiation induce multitude of cellular responses, including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest or cell death if the damage is left unrepaired. A complex set of molecular events are responsible for DNA repair via two major mechanisms - homologous recombination (HR) or non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). DNA-PKcs with its regulatory protein subunits, Ku70 and Ku80, is an integral component of NHEJ and considered an attractive intervention point to inhibit DNA repair. We have developed an orally bioavailable, highly potent, and selective inhibitor of DNA-PK, M3814, for cancer therapy in combination with DNA damaging modalities such as radiation, and radio-chemotherapy. Here, we present the preclinical characterization of M3814 using biochemical, cellular and human tumor xenograft models. M3814 sensitized multiple tumor cell lines to radiation therapy in vitro and strongly enhanced the antitumor activity of ionizing radiation in vivo with complete tumor regression applying a clinically relevant fractionated radiation regimen. These effects are due to inhibition of DNA-PK protein kinase activity as demonstrated by the levels of DNA-PK autophosphorylation in human tumor cell lines, and xenograft tumors M3814 is currently investigated in PhI clinical trials. Citation Format: Frank T. Zenke, Astrid Zimmermann, Christian Sirrenberg, Heike Dahmen, Lubo Vassilev, Ulrich Pehl, Thomas Fuchss, Andree Blaukat. M3814, a novel investigational DNA-PK inhibitor: enhancing the effect of fractionated radiotherapy leading to complete regression of tumors in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1658.
Receptor compaction and GTPase movements drive cotranslational protein translocation

Signal recognition particle (SRP) is a universally conserved targeting machine that couples the synthesis of ~30% of the proteome to their proper membrane localization1,2. In eukaryotic cells, SRP recognizes translating ribosomes bearing hydrophobic signal sequences and, through interaction with SRP receptor (SR), delivers them to the Sec61p translocase on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane1,2. How SRP ensures efficient and productive initiation of protein translocation at the ER is not well understood. Here, single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrates that cargo-loaded SRP induces a global compaction of SR, driving a >90 Å movement of the SRP•SR GTPase complex from the vicinity of the ribosome exit, where it initially assembles, to the distal site of SRP. These rearrangements bring translating ribosomes near the membrane, expose conserved Sec61p docking sites on the ribosome and weaken SRP’s interaction with the signal sequence on the nascent polypeptide, thus priming the translating ribosome for engaging the translocation machinery. Disruption of these rearrangements severely impairs cotranslational protein translocation and is the cause of failure in an SRP54 mutant linked to severe congenital neutropenia. Our results demonstrate that multiple largescale molecular motions in the SRP•SR complex are required to drive the transition from protein targeting to translocation; these post-targeting rearrangements provide potential new points for biological regulation as well as disease intervention.
A pyro-phosphodegron controls MYC polyubiquitination to regulate cell survival

The transcription factor MYC regulates cell survival and growth, and its level is tightly controlled in normal cells. Here, we report that serine pyrophosphorylation – an enigmatic posttranslational modification triggered by inositol pyrophosphate signaling molecules – controls MYC levels via regulated protein degradation. We find that endogenous MYC is stabilized and less polyubiquitinated in cells with reduced inositol pyrophosphates. We show that the inositol pyrophosphate 5-IP7 transfers its high-energy beta phosphate moiety to pre-phosphorylated serine residues in the central PEST domain of MYC. Pyrophosphorylation of MYC promotes its interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBW7, thereby enhancing MYC polyubiquitination and degradation. FBW7 can bind directly to the PEST domain of MYC in a pyrophosphorylation-dependent manner. A stabilized, pyrophosphorylation-deficient form of MYC increases cell death during growth stress in untransformed cells, and promotes cell proliferation in response to mitogens. Thus, control of MYC stability through a novel pyro-phosphodegron provides unexpected insight into the regulation of cell survival in response to environmental cues.
Seeking balance within personal writing ecologies: a collaborative autoethnography of a doctoral student writing group

ABSTRACT While the literature on doctoral writing groups suggests that these groups can have a substantial positive effect on doctoral dissertation completion, little is known about how group practices contribute to their success or failure. This collaborative autoethnography explores the experiences of five doctoral student participants in a peer writing group to discover how group participation either contributed to or disrupted each participant’s personal writing ecology. While participants felt that the group supported them through personal and job-related stressors and helped them maintain connection to their academic disciplinary community, for some participants the group became an additional source of stress and failed to provide needed guidance. Analysis of individual and group experiences through the ecological perspective challenges the normative meaning of ‘failure’ for doctoral writing and doctoral writing groups, suggesting that the concepts of persistence and attrition may limit our understanding of the doctoral student experience, while the concept of seeking balance may enhance our understanding. We encourage doctoral students who form peer writing groups to consider how the group can be structured to support each member’s writing ecology and to maintain flexibility with group practices as members’ circumstances change.
Cannabis and residential groundwater pumping impacts on streamflow and ecosystems in Northern California

Cannabis is an emerging agricultural frontier, but due to its quasi-legal status its environmental impacts are poorly understood. Where cannabis is irrigated by groundwater, pumping can lead to streamflow depletion in surrounding streams which may impair other water users or aquatic ecosystems. Here, we investigate the impacts of groundwater pumping for cannabis irrigation at the scale of the watershed, the individual well, and the stream segment, and contextualize by comparing with residential groundwater use. Combining mapped cannabis cultivation and residential structure locations with grower reports of irrigation water sources, we develop distributed estimates of groundwater pumping and associated streamflow depletion caused by cannabis and residential users within the Navarro River Watershed in Northern California (USA). An estimated 73% of cannabis cultivation sites and 92% of residential structures in the watershed rely on groundwater, and groundwater abstraction leads to streamflow depletion during late summer when groundwater is a critical source of baseflow to ecologically important streams. However, streamflow depletion caused by cannabis cultivation is dwarfed by the impacts of residential use, which causes >5 times as much streamflow depletion and is concentrated close to ecologically important stream segments. Focusing on cannabis, a small number of wells (<25%) cause a disproportionate amount of depletion (>50%), and significant predictors for impacts of a well are the annual pumping rate, the distance to the closest stream, and the transmissivity between the well and the stream. Streamflow depletion increases nonlinearly when pumping occurs within 1.2 km of streams, and most cannabis and residential groundwater use is within this critical distance. Given the rapid increase in cannabis cultivation, these results indicate that potential streamflow depletion from groundwater irrigation of cannabis is a current and future concern, and will be superimposed on top of significant depletion already occurring due to residential use in the region studied.