Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TST: Threshold based similarity transitivity method in collaborative filtering with cloud computing

Collaborative filtering solves information overload problem by presenting personalized content to individual users based on their interests, which has been extensively applied in real-world recommender systems. As a class of simple but efficient collaborative filtering method, similarity based approaches make predictions by finding users with similar taste or items that have been similarly chosen. However, as the number of users or items grows rapidly, the traditional approach is suffering from the data sparsity problem. Inaccurate similarities derived from the sparse user-item associations would generate the inaccurate neighborhood for each user or item. Consequently, its poor recommendation drives us to propose a Threshold based Similarity Transitivity (TST) method in this paper. TST firstly filters out those inaccurate similarities by setting an intersection threshold and then replaces them with the transitivity similarity. Besides, the TST method is designed to be scalable with MapReduce framework based on cloud computing platform. We evaluate our algorithm on the public data set MovieLens and a real-world data set from AppChina (an Android application market) with several well-known metrics including precision, recall, coverage, and popularity. The experimental results demonstrate that TST copes well with the tradeoff between quality and quantity of similarity by setting an appropriate threshold. Moreover, we can experimentally find the optimal threshold which will be smaller as the data set becomes sparser. The experimental results also show that TST significantly outperforms the traditional approach even when the data becomes sparser.
Electrical Characteristics of Si Doped with Sb by Laser Annealing

Laser induced diffusion of antimony in silicon was obtained using a Nd:YAG pulsed laser. The irradiation of antimony-coated silicon by laser beam allowed melting and diffusion of antimony inside the silicon. Diodes were fabricated. Laser beam energy and substrate temperature played a major role in electrical sheet conductivity I-V, and C-V characteristics of the fabricated diodes. High laser energy reduced the electrical sheet conductivity and dominated the recombination current due to the generationrecombination process and trapping centers. On the other hand, the diffusion current dominated for diodes fabricated under heating conditions of the sample during laser irradiation. The C-V measurements of fabricated diodes revealed that the junction were of abrupt type.
Study on the Load-Sharing Characteristics of an Aeronautical II-Stage Five-Branching Planets Gear Train Based on the Loaded Tooth Contact Analysis

The aeronautical two-stage five-branching planets gear train is widely used in the internal decelerator of aeroengines and the main decelerator of helicopters. In order to study the load-sharing characteristics of the aeronautical two-stage five-branching planets gear train, a static load-sharing calculation model for this system is established. The loaded tooth contact analysis method is introduced in the static load-sharing calculation model, and the time-varying meshing stiffness condition of each gear pair is obtained. According to the characteristics of the whole system’s power flow closed-loop characteristics, the twist angle deformation coordination condition of the system is established, which includes installation error, manufacturing error, and floating factor. Using the equivalent meshing error theory, the error of the gear manufacturing and the installation error of the system are analyzed. At the same time, the floating meshing error caused by the change of the meshing side gap caused by the floating of the sun gear and the inner ring gear is considered. The moment balance condition of the sun gear based on the floating of the spline gap is established. Combined with the coordination condition of torsion angle deformation, the torque of each gear pair is obtained. The load-sharing coefficient of the system is further calculated. The influence of the manufacturing error, the installation error, and the floating amount on the load-sharing coefficient is analyzed. The results show that the load-sharing coefficient of each planets gear varies with time when the manufacturing error and installation error alone affect the load-sharing characteristic. The sun gear floating can obviously improve the load-sharing performance. The correctness of the theoretical algorithm is verified by experiments. A new method of calculating the load-sharing characteristics of this system is put forward, which provides a theoretical basis for determining the load-sharing coefficient, reasonable allocation, and control tolerance on the design.
Effect of Trans-Resveratrol on Shelf-Life and Bioactive Compounds in Satsuma Mandarin

Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) is an important citrus commodity grown in the Gulf Coast area of Alabama. Mandarins are regarded as a valued part of a nutritious diet and health benefits are attributed to vitamin C, folate, dietary fiber, minerals as well as many phytochemicals including flavonoids, carotenoids and phenolic acids. However, mandarin fruit are highly perishable with a potential storage life of 2-4 weeks. Currently, little is known about the optimal postharvest practices for these fruit and there is an extensive need to develop advanced postharvest treatments to maintain high quality fruit during the storage and marketing period. Despite numerous advances achieved in postharvest biotechnology in ameliorating commodity losses associated with postharvest decay, much of the nutritional value as well as the sensory quality of mandarin fruit can be lost as a result of current postharvest handling practices, which were developed primarily to maintain acceptable visual appearance with less regard to other quality aspects such as flavor and nutritional value. Although synthetic fungicides are effective in suppressing postharvest pathogen decay, public concerns regarding fungicide residue and development of pathogen resistance have stimulated the need for reduction of postharvest chemical use and for developing alternative non-chemical technologies. This led to the identification of trans-resveratrol (3,4’,5-trihydroxystilbene), which is responsible for resistance of grapevines to fungal diseases, as a possible candidate in this regard. In order to identify the most efficient means of providing nutritious and visually appealing fruit, a postharvest study was conducted to determine optimal dosage of trans-resveratrol (1.6x10-3M, 1.6x10-4M and 1.6x10-5M) and to compare its efficacy with a mixture of wax and Imazalil or tap water. Studies were conducted on external color attributes, total phenolics, total flavonoids, vitamin C, total carotenoids and free radical scavenging properties. Results from this study indicated that resveratrol treatment not only improved shelf life of fruit but also enhanced nutritional quality. Resveratrol (1.6x10-5M) had a significant effect on the total phenolic, ascorbic acid and total carotenoid content of fruit. A high correlation was also found between vitamin C content and antioxidant capacity determined by ABTS. Therefore, use of resveratrol as a natural fungicide offers a new simple and safe method to improve the shelf life and postharvest quality of mandarin fruit.
Exploiting Social Media Features for Automated Tag Recommendation

In today's social media platforms, when users upload or share their media (photos, videos, bookmarks, etc.), they often annotate it with keywords (called tags). Annotating the media helps in retrieving and browsing resources, and also allows the users to search and browse annotated media. In many social media platforms like Flickr or Youtube, users have to manually annotate their resources, which is inconvenient and time consuming. Tag recommendation is the process of suggesting relevant tags for a given resource and a tag recommender is a system which recommends the tags. A tag recommender system is important for social media platforms to help users in annotating their resources. Many of the existing tag recommendation methods exploit only the tagging information [Jaschke et al., 2007, Marinho and Schmidt-Thieme, 2008, Sigurbjornsson and van Zwol, 2008]. However, many social media platforms support other media features like geographical coordinates. These features can be exploited for improving tag recommendation. In this chapter, a comparison of three types of social media features for tag recommendation is presented and evaluated. The features presented in this chapter include geographical-coordinates, low-level image descriptors and tags.
Study on User Behavior and Social Tagging

We studied the electronic communication of knowledge users collaborating on a community and found that their work and interactions were mediated by the use of tag. Drawing on these, we found social tagging is the process by which many users add metadata in the form of keywords, to annotate and categorize information items (books, pictures, films etc.). Automatic discourse classification according to tag in social information sharing, transfer and knowledge communication provided a higher level of service quality. By investigating user behavior in Douban community, the relationship between social tagging and user behavior was studied. The results showed that, given a set of objects, and a set of tags applied to those objects by users, we can predict whether a given tag could/should be applied to a particular object by user behavior. Index Terms - Tags; Social Networks; Classification; Discourse
Interdecadal change in the upper water column environment and spring diatom community structure in the Japan Sea: an early summer hypothesis

Diatom community structure in the offshore Tsushima Current area of the Japan Sea was studied from 1972 to 1999 in relation to temporal variability of the upper water environment. We observed a distinct change in the community structure in spring during the 1980s, the period after the 1976/77 climate regime shift which has been reported to occur in the vast areas of the North Pacific. Chlorophyll a (chl a) concentration and chl a per cell were markedly low, and summer species includ- ing Pseudonitzschia spp. dominated the diatom community in spring during the 1980s. Mixed layer phosphate concentrations during the 1980s were lower in spring compared to the1970s and 1990s, suggesting that nutrient depletion to levels limiting diatom growth might occur early. This change seemed subsequently to cause a shift in the dominant diatom species from those adapted to eutrophic conditions to those adapted to oligotrophic conditions. Density profiles between the surface and 300 m showed the thickness of the surface Tsushima Current water and the cold subsurface water decreasing and increasing, respectively, from the late 1970s to the late 1980s. In addition, spring solar radiation increased during the 1980s. These conditions indicate intensified stratification of the upper water column. Increases in the phosphate gradient between the surface and subsurface layers sug- gested that the intensified stratification reduced nutrient supply to the surface and may be responsi- ble for early formation of the summer-like oligotrophic conditions. Based on these results, we propose the 'early summer hypothesis' as the cause of the apparent decline of the spring phytoplankton bio- mass in the Japan Sea during the 1980s.
S1 Numerical weather prediction model performances

Figure S1: Comparison between average (2015–2016) wind observations at the Aosta–Downtown weather station and forecasts by COSMO-I2 for the corresponding grid cell. (a) Daily cycle of wind speed. The effect of regular winds blowing in the afternoon, especially the plain-mountain winds, is detectable as a peak between 12 and 18 LT. (b,c) Observed and forecasted wind direction. The distance from the centre of the wind rose identifies the frequency of each class of wind speed (colours) and provenance direction (polar angle).
Recognizing Ecological Species Groups and their Relationships with Environmental Factors at Chamanbid-Jozak Protected Area, North Khorasan Province, Iran

Classification of Ecological Species Groups (ESG) in plant community analysis is one method to describe vegetation and relating them to environmental factors. This study was conducted to recognize ESG and their relationships with some environmental factors in Chamanbid-Jozak protected area from 2014 to 2016. This area is located in the eastern part of North Khorasan province, Iran. The study area contains steppe vegetation with some woodlands and shrubs of Paliurus spina–christi, Cerasus pseudoprostrata, and Cerasus microcarpa. To recognize ESG, a systematic-random sampling, by using 1 m2 Sampling Unit (SU), was carried out to provide a matrix of 74 sampling units and 42 species. Canopy cover percentage of different species was recorded in each SU. Physiographical, physical, and chemical factors, including altitude, slope, soil texture, gravel percentages, Organic Carbon (OC), Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K), lime, soil acidity (pH), Phosphorus (P), and Electrical Conductivity (EC) were measured. Euclidean distance and Ward's method of clustering were used to classify the plant species. Six ESG were detected in clustering and indicator species analyses. The relationships among these ESG and environmental factors were analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The first ESG consisting four indicator species was influenced by organic carbon and K of almost f.0 fertile soils. ESG2 and ESG3 consisting four and one, indicator species, respectively. These ESG were only slightly affected by phosphorus and less by environmental factors evaluated in this study. ESG4, including eight indicator species was mostly affected by environmental factors such as altitude, slope, pH, and N. Both ESG5 and ESG6 were affected by gravel percentages. ESG classification of vegetation for sound and proper resource management in future via using long-term projects is recommended.
Intrusion Detection Based on Normal Traffic Specifications

As intrusion detection techniques based on malicious traffic signature are unable to detect unknown attacks, the methods derived from characterizing the behavior of the normal traffic are appropriate in case of detecting unseen intrusions. Based on such a technique, one class Support Vector Machine (SVM) is employed in this research to learn http regular traffic characteristics for anomaly detection. First, suitable features are extracted from the normal and abnormal http traffic; then the system is trained by the normal traffic samples. To detect anomaly, the actual traffic (including normal and abnormal packets) is compared to the deduced normal traffic. An anomaly alert is generated if any deviation from the regular traffic model is inferred. Examining the performance of the proposed algorithm using ISCX data set has delivered high accuracy of 89.25% and low false positive of 8.60% in detecting attacks on port 80. In this research, online step speed has reached to 77 times faster than CPU using GPU for feature extraction and OpenMp for parallel processing of packets.
Determinants of self-regulation in obesity:formation of implicit food preferences

participants and procedure One hundred individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) participated in this study. The participants were randomized into 2 experimental groups. The first experimental group was induced to prefer dietary foods and to avoid fattening foods. The second experimental group was induced to prefer fattening food and to avoid dietary food. results Experimental group 1 chose dietary products and avoided fattening items more often than group 2. We observed the increased importance of goals to lose weight and improve body shape as a result of manipulation consistent with its direction.
Dual-earner Migration in Britain: Earnings gains, employment, and self-selection

This paper examines how spouses in dual-earner couples in Britain weigh each partner's expected wage growth in the decision to migrate. Previous research suggests that husbands' job prospects dominate the migration choice irrespective of their relative earnings potential. Based on British panel data this paper employs an endogenous switching model and estimates wage change differentials of migrating vs. staying for husbands and wives corrected for double selectivity of migration and employment. The analysis shows that dual-earner couples put roughly equal weights on each partner's expected wage gains when deciding to migrate. Moreover, migrant wives' employment declines temporarily and there are significant selection effects in migration and employment among non-migrants.
Practicing Sociological Imagination Through Writing Sociological Autobiography*

Sociological imagination is a quality of mind that cannot be adopted by simply teaching students its discursive assumptions. Rather, it is a disposition, in competition with other forms of sensibility, which can be acquired only when it is practiced. Adhering to this important pedagogical assumption, students were assigned to write their sociological autobiography. While in the process of establishing a connection between their biography and social history, students were encouraged to narrate their life stories using sociological language. After completing the project, they were asked to comment on their work. Student responses show the positive dimensions involved (including unintended therapeutic consequences) and the major hurdles that they experienced in executing the assignment. In the latter case, the major problem was writing a sociological autobiography qualitatively distinct from what might be referred to as “plain autobiography. ” Results reinforce the idea that sociological instruction is better handled when sociological imagination is viewed as a linguistic habitus which serves both as a medium of communication and an intellectual instrument of looking at the social world.
Patient Satisfaction, Doctor Effort, and Interview Location: Evidence from Paraguay

To examine the relationship between patient satisfaction and doctor performance, the authors observed 2,271 interactions between 292 doctors and their patients in 98 clinics and hospitals in Paraguay and conducted an exit-survey with the same patients as they left the clinic. For a subsample of 64 facilities they also interviewed patients who visited the facility within the last week. There are three patterns in the data: (1) Patient satisfaction is positively correlated with doctor effort, measured as a combination of time spent, questions asked, and examinations performed after controlling for observed doctor and patient characteristics; (2) However, accounting for unobserved doctor characteristics dramatically reduces the level of significance and size of correlation between effort and satisfaction, showing that much of the positive relationship is driven by these unobserved doctor-specific factors; and (3) Reported satisfaction is significantly lower for patients interviewed at home compared with those interviewed at the clinic. This leads the authors to conclude that even if patient satisfaction reflects some aspects of the doctor's performance, unobserved heterogeneity combined with survey biases limit the widespread applicability of patient satisfaction as an indicator of doctor performance.
(n, n+1) Visual Secret Sharing Scheme Based on Local Binary Pattern Operator

A novel (n,n+1) Visual Secret Sharing (VSS) Scheme based on Local Binary Pattern (LBP) operators was presented in this paper. The proposed schemes without adopting Boolean operations make full use of the local contrast features of LBP operators to conceal secret image data into different image shares, which can then be used to recover the secret easily and exactly through the computation of LBP operators. Compared with state-of-the-art algorithms, experiments show that our proposed schemes demonstrate good randomness in shares and exact determination in reconstruction process without much computational cost.
"It's a honda! For me..." An exploratory student project on branding and product design for the older adult population

Physical as well as cognitive needs associated with aging and product usage were long the point of focus when designing for the older adult population, with coursework on ergonomics and human-factors as important components in design education. Today, designers and design educators are challenged to take a more holistic design approach by actively addressing peoples’ needs and wishes associated with the perceptual and experiential aspects of products. In addressing such needs and wishes, the aesthetic and symbolic qualities of products constitute important parts of the product design process. However, the literature on design for the older adult population has only cursorily addressed how educators can integrate and focus on these qualities in design education. In this paper we report on an exploratory student project conducted at Chalmers University of Technology, focusing on branding and design for the older adult population. The purpose of the project was to explore the visual identity of brands as a starting point for the aesthetic and symbolic qualities of products when designing for older users. Results from the project showed that students enthusiastically embraced branding in designing product concepts for this user group. They also displayed a number of attempts to empathise with these users’ specific needs and wishes. In total, the concepts produced in the course suggested a broad range of ideas on how to make products more perceptually as well as experientially appealing for older adults.
Comparisons of Personality Dispositions and Genetic Inferences in Groups of Performing Artists

There are a number of innate and external factors that contribute to the success of performing artists. Search for these factors has resulted in attempts to profile performing artists based on genetic markers and personality types. The aim of this investigation was to examine select personality traits of performing artists and compare responses to previous research. Personality traits of student and professional musical theatre performers were measured with the Tellegen Absorption Scale (TAS; N = 30) and the Cloninger Tridimensional Personality QuestionnaireTM (TPQTM; N = 28) and compared to a previously published study of dancers (N = 85) using one-sample t-tests. The TAS score of the current study (M = 22.90±6.47) was not significantly different to that of the dancers (M = 21.05; p = .128). However, the TPQ demonstrated significantly higher and lower differences, respectively, in musical theatre performers compared to dancers on the subscales of Harm Avoidance (HA) and Reward Dependence (RD), but not Novelty Seeking (NS). Findings suggest both similarities and significant differences between student and professional performers, with potential genetic associations. Pedagogical considerations and future research recommendations are discussed.
High Resolution Surface Resistance Studies

CERNs Quadrupole Resonator enables sub-nΩresolution measurements of the surface resistance. Much more information about the RF performance is accessible compared to regular cavity measurements. In this contribution we show that the surface resistance decreases for low cooling rates. The design of the Quadrupole Resonator allows us to exclude the formation of niobium hydrides, the efficacy of the magnetic shielding and thermal currents as possible causes. We find that the expulsion of the residual ambient magnetic field as the cause of the reduction of the surface resistance is consistent with our results.