Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pelaksanaan Aktivitas Ekstrakurikuler Paskibra (Pasukan Pengibar Bendera) dalam Pembentukkan Karakter, Moral dan Sikap Nasionalisme Siswa SMA Negeri 3 Surakarta

SMA Negeri 3 Surakarta memiliki tingkat kedisiplinan yang cukup tinggi, baik dalam ketepatan waktu pembelajaran, pemberian sanksi-sanksi tegas dalam menindak siswa yang melakukan pelanggaran, pewajiban mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, dan lain sebagainya. Menarik bagi peneliti untuk menggali pelaksanaan aktivitas ekstrakurikuler Paskibra yang erat dengan prinsip-prinsip disiplin dalam upayanya menumbuhkan sikap nasionalisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ekstrakurikuler paskibra memberikan pengaruh terhadap pembentukan karakter, moralitas, dan sikap siswa karena paskibra dapat menanamkan sikap tegas, bertanggungjawab, disiplin, percaya diri, dan memiliki jiwa kepemimpinan, serta di dalam setiap pelaksanaan program kegiatan ekstrakurikuler paskibra dapat menumbuhkan aspek sikap nasionalisme yakni, cinta tanah air, rela berkorban, persatuan dan kesatuan, serta jiwa pembaharu atau pantang menyerah. Sehingga siswa-siswi SMA Negeri 3 Surakarta dapat mengemban rasa bangga akan cinta tanah air dan nasionalisme yang bertumpu pada 4 pilar bangsa (UUD 1945, Pancasila, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, dan NKRI), serta 3 pilar lainnya seperti, Bendera, Bahasa, dan Lagu Kebangsaan. Khususnya pemahaman mengenai nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalam pancasila sebagai pedoman hidup bangsa Indonesia.
Abscisic acid-polyacrylamide (ABA-PAM) treatment enhances forage grass growth and soil microbial diversity under drought stress

Drought restricts the growth of alpine grassland vegetation. This study aimed to explore a new technical system to improve the drought resistance of forage grass. Qinghai cold-land Poa pratensis seedlings were used in the drought stress experiment. A combination of abscisic acid (ABA) and polyacrylamide (PAM) were used to affect the growth, leaf physiology, soil enzyme activity, and rhizosphere microbial diversity of P. pratensis. The fresh leaf weight and root surface area were significantly increased after ABA-PAM combined treatment, while root length was significantly reduced. Besides, the leaf catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, proline and chlorophyll content, increased after the treatment, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased. The treatment also increased sucrase, urease, and alkaline protease activities in rhizosphere soil, while decreasing acid phosphatase and neutral phosphatase enzyme activities. ABA-PAM combined treatment enhanced the rhizosphere microbial community and forage drought resistance by altering the abundance of various dominant microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria decreased, while Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Ascomycota increased. Unlike the relative abundance of Gibberella that decreased significantly, Komagataeibacter, Lactobacillus, Pichia, and Dekkera were significantly increased. Single-factor collinearity network analysis revealed a close relationship between the different rhizosphere microbial communities of forage grass, after ABA-PAM treatment. This study implies that ABA-PAM combined treatment can improve the drought resistance of forages. Therefore, it provides a theoretical and practical basis for restoring drought-induced grassland degradation.
Implementing coherent memory

In the design of a shared-memory multiprocessor, there is a con BLOCKINict between the need for a coherent memory in which e v ery write done by one processor is immediately visible to all the others, and the fact that a memory read or write that uses only a cache local to the processor can be done more quickly than one that communicates with a global memory or another processor. Coherent memory is good because we know h o w to program with it; the incoherent memory that results from minimizing communication is good because it is fast. In this paper we show h o w to write precise specications for coherent and incoherent memory, and how to implement coherent memory in several ways, one of which is on top of incoherent memory. Our technique for showing the correctness of the implementations is the abstraction function introduced by Hoare [8] to handle abstract data types. A decade later, Lamport [1] and Lynch [10] extended Hoare's methods to concurrent systems like the ones we treat. We begin by giving a careful specication for the coherent memory S that we really want; it is just a function from addresses to data values. We also specify an incoherent memory T that has fast implementations. After a brief explanation of what it means to implement a specication and how to prove the correctness of an implementation using abstraction functions, we explore how t o c hange T so that it implements coherent memory with as little communication as possible. Our rst step is a simple idealized implementation U derived from T by strengthening the guards. Unfortunately U is extremely non-local and therefore impractical. We describe two w a ys to make U local enough to be practical. Both are based on the idea of using locks on memory locations. First we show h o w to use reader/writer locks to get a practical version of U called a coherent cache. We do this in two stages: an ideal cache B and a concrete cache C. The cache changes the guards on internal actions of T as well as on the external read and write actions, so it can't be implemented simply by adding a test before each read or write of T, but instead requires changes to the insides of T. We complete our treatment of caches by s k etching several implementations of …
IEEE 802.15.4 for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Technical Overview

Low-rate low-power consumption and low-cost communication are the key points that lead to the specification of the IEEE 802.15. 4 standard. This paper overviews the technical features of the physical layer and the medium access control sub-layer mechanisms of the IEEE 802.15. 4 protocol that are most relevant for wireless sensor network applications. We also discuss the ability of IEEE 802.15. 4 to fulfill the requirements of wireless sensor network applications.
Ecological Models and Data in R

Ecological Models and Data in R is the first truly practical introduction to modern statistical methods for ecology. In step-by-step detail, the book teaches ecology graduate students and researchers everything they need to know in order to use maximum likelihood, information-theoretic, and Bayesian techniques to analyze their own data using the programming language R. Drawing on extensive experience teaching these techniques to graduate students in ecology, Benjamin Bolker shows how to choose among and construct statistical models for data, estimate their parameters and confidence limits, and interpret the results. The book also covers statistical frameworks, the philosophy of statistical modeling, and critical mathematical functions and probability distributions. It requires no programming background--only basic calculus and statistics.
RoboLog Koblenz 2002 - Team Description

Outline. For RoboCup agents, a modular architecture for multiagent systems is desir-able, that enables us to build a useful world model for each agent, that includes informa-tion about the position of the agent and other objects, and a history of past situations.It should also be possible to specify high-level behavior, such as a kick to a certaindestination and cooperative behavior. Therefore, the current work concentrates on for-mal agent design. The decision process of soccer agents can be made more ﬂe xible byintroducing utility functions for rational behavior as proposed in [8]. A formalism for the speciﬁcation of multiagent systems should be expressiveenough to model not only the behavior of one single agent, but also the collabora-tion among several agents and the inﬂuences caused by external events. For this, statemachines [7] provide an adequate means. Therefore, the approach of the team RoboLogKoblenz 2002 employs techniques from software engineering and artiﬁcial intelligenceresearch by using UMLstatecharts and implementing them systematically inProlog[6]. The RoboLog Team. The RoboLog team participated in the simulator competitions in1999 (Stockholm), 2000 (Melbourne), and 2001 (Seattle). 3 people, Jan Murray, OliverObst and Frieder Stolzenburg (team leader), form the core of the team. There are cur-rently 7 additional members, namely Heni Ben Amor, Joschka Bodeck¨ er, Marion Lev-elink, Jana Lind, Christoph Ringelstein, Markus Rollmann, and Karsten Sturm. As inprevious years, the team is implemented in two parts. The kernel, hosting the soccerserver interface and low-level functions, is implemented in C++, while the control pro-gram for the team behavior is written in Prolog.In Section 2, we present the major (new) features of RoboLog agents. The mainchange of our team is that we re-implementedthe computation of the world model,where we distinguish the sensed, calculated, global and fullstate model. We also de-scribe our approach with an explicit state machine. Building agents for a scenario suchas the RoboCup also requires the careful and efﬁcient programming of low-level facili-ties. Robust self-localization,kicking and dribbling are important features. We end withremarks on future work and our work towards coaching and visualization in Section 3.
Performance Evaluation of Hand-Off Scheme With Cell Breathing Concept in WCDMA.

There are many issues when we implement a cellular system like bandwidth, channel assignment, cell structure etc. but call admission control in a cellular network become a most important issue. Call admission control not only utilize bandwidth efficiently but also decreases the new call blocking and handoff call dropping probability to an acceptable level. Call admission control (CAC) is a fundamental mechanism used for QOS(Quality of Service) provisioning in a network. It restricts the access to the network based on resource availability in order to prevent network congestion and service degradation for already supported users. In this paper, we consider a call admission control scheme for wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system. This call admission control uses cell breathing concept. In this scheme we also consider the condition of neighboring cell while making the decision on call request. The objective is to reduce the new call blocking and handoff call dropping probability and efficient utilization of available bandwidth while maintaining the desired level quality of service requirement.
Identification de mots germes pour la construction d’un lexique de valence au moyen d’une procédure supervisée (Identification of seed words for building a valence lexicon using a supervised procedure)

De nombreuses méthodes automatiques de classification de textes selon les sentiments qui y sont exprimés s’appuient sur un lexique dans lequel à chaque entrée est associée une valence. Le plus souvent, ce lexique est construit à partir d’un petit nombre de mots, choisis arbitrairement, qui servent de germes pour déterminer automatiquement la valence d’autres mots. La question de l’optimalité de ces mots germes a bien peu retenu l’attention. Sur la base de la comparaison de cinq méthodes automatiques de construction de lexiques de valence, dont une qui, à notre connaissance, n’a jamais été adaptée au français et une autre développée spécifiquement pour la présente étude, nous montrons l’importance du choix de ces mots germes et l’intérêt de les identifier au moyen d’une procédure d’apprentissage supervisée.
Java API-Aware Code Generation Engine: A prototype

Java API-Aware Code Generation Engine: A Prototype by Chandra Sekhar Vijyapurpu, Master of Science Utah State University, 2011 Major Professor: Dr. Stephen W. Clyde Department: Computer Science Software reuse enhances a programmer’s productivity and reduces programming errors. Improving software reuse through libraries and frameworks is a vast problem area. This thesis offers an approach to solve two sub-problems within the problem area – to identify the right library components, and to offer code snippets that use the components correctly. The Java API-aware Code Generation Engine, or JAGE for short, is a prototype system that demonstrates the feasibility of generating semantically valid code snippets consisting of method calls to classes in the J2SDK library. Developers often search for sample code snippets that describe how to use the library. This thesis describes the design and implementation of JAGE, which allows software developers to use an English sentence to generate helpful code snippets in Java. This thesis also discusses the related concepts in natural-language processing including ontology, Wordnet, and object-orientation in the area of automatic code snippet generation.
Replicating augmented reality objects for multi-user interaction

Augmented Reality (AR) is the combination of virtual objects and the physical world surrounding us. These virtual objects are used to enrich the real world. Because of technical improvements of mobile hardware, there are quite a number of AR applications deployed in the last decade. To illustrate the potential of the AR technique and to look for a new concept of human-computer interaction, we started the ’Augmented Reality for 3D Multi-user Interaction’ (ARMI) project. The goal of the ARMI project is to build an AR application where, two or more users, can work concurrently on the same virtual maquette. This maquette is visible through a Head Mounted Display (HMD) to display visual objects on top of the real world. The virtual maquette can be used for representing specific traffic situations with roads and cars but also for modelling other 3D scenarios. The following basic actions are supported: creating, selecting, moving, rotating, and deleting virtual objects. The virtual maquette, build by the ARMI project, depends on four distinct areas and we identify the following research areas: hand tracking, hand-pose estimation, 3D interfacing, and AR-object replication. This thesis looks into the possibilities of object replication for the AR application. First, a number of AR applications are considered and it becomes clear that most AR applications with multiple users are depending on a client-server approach and no object replication is used. Second, a number of replication systems are described in which more than one server is involved to keep the data consistent and a number of fundamental replication algorithms are discussed. Based on the related work the decision is made to use a speculative variant of an asynchronous majority consensus algorithm for the AR-object replication. Furthermore, in this thesis the development, implementation and evaluation of the AR-object replication is described. From the evaluation it becomes clear that it is difficult to satisfy all the required replication parameters. We notice a number of replication limits. For example a scaling problem, which means that the number of clients is limited, and specific user behaviour in terms of performed operations per second. Based on the evaluation we conclude that the relaxation of a number of replication parameters is necessary to keep the system responsive enough for an AR application.
Direct Instruction in Notetaking Helps Students Learn from Textbooks

A major challenge for middle school students is the acquisition of knowledge from textbooks and class lectures. Both initial learning and retention of information require strategies for determining what is important and for organizing this information effectively. However, many students lack competence in independent learning and studying. Many students approach content learning passively, without clear purposes, and with ineffective strategies for organizing new facts and concepts. Middle school classes provide an ideal opportunity for changing such conditions and helping students acquire effective textbook-learning strategies. Notetaking is one approach which can actively engage middle school students in processing and organizing new content in formation. Effective notetaking requires purposeful sorting and categorizing of in formation, differentiating important from unimportant information, and linking new information to existing knowledge. Unfor tunately, it is well-documented that many middle school students do not spontaneous ly take notes in classes or during textbook study (Anderson, 1980). There are several possible explanations for this condition. Students may not understand the value of notetaking, the writing activity itself may be laborious and inefficient, the coordina tion of taking notes while processing in formation may be difficult and frustrating, and, finally, students may not know how to take effective notes (Anderson & Arm bruster, 1984). This article presents an instructional framework for teaching notetaking strategies in middle school classes. Specific pointers for successful implementation are offered, based upon current research as well as the experience of the authors. Us ing the instructional sequence described in this article, the authors taught notetaking to fifty academically unsuccessful students. At the conclusion, 93% of the students reported that notetaking was of great help in their content classes. They felt that they were able to apply notetaking strategies to improve their content learning and ranked notetaking at the top of the list of "useful" study skills.
Saving Costs with the SRL16E

Although the SRL16E 16-bit shift register sounds like an additional component, it is an alternate operating mode for the Look-Up Tables in which they become 16-bit shift registers. While a synthesis package will automatically apply the SRL16E in some situations, substantial benefits can be realized by understanding the potential of the SRL16E and deliberately applying it to your designs. This white paper provides examples to help your understanding of the capabilities and use of the SRL16E to improve the performance and lower the cost of your designs by as much as an order of magnitude.
A mathematical framework for global illumination algorithms

This paper describes a mathematical framework for rendering algorithms. Starting from the rendering equation and the potential equation, we will introduce the Global Reflection Distribution Function (GRDF). By using the GRDF, we are able to compute the behaviour of light in an environment, independent of the initial lighting or viewpoint conditions. This framework is able to describe most existing rendering algorithms.
Information Extraction from Unstructured Text for the Biodefense Knowledge Center

The Bio-Encyclopedia at the Biodefense Knowledge Center (BKC) is being constructed to allow an early detection of emerging biological threats to homeland security. It requires highly structured information extracted from variety of data sources. However, the quantity of new and vital information available from every day sources cannot be assimilated by hand, and therefore reliable high-throughput information extraction techniques are much anticipated. In support of the BKC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, together with the University of Utah, are developing an information extraction system built around the bioterrorism domain. This paper reports two important pieces of our effort integrated in the system: key phrase extraction and semantic tagging. Whereas two key phrase extraction technologies developed during the course of project help identify relevant texts, our state-of-the-art semantic tagging system can pinpoint phrases related to emerging biological threats. Also we are enhancing and tailoring the Bio-Encyclopedia by augmenting semantic dictionaries and extracting details of important events, such as suspected disease outbreaks. Some of these technologies have already been applied to large corpora of free text sources vital to the BKC mission, including ProMED-mail, PubMed abstracts, and the DHS's Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection (IAIP) news clippings. Inmore » order to address the challenges involved in incorporating such large amounts of unstructured text, the overall system is focused on precise extraction of the most relevant information for inclusion in the BKC. « less
An Artificial Immune System for Misbehavior Detection in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks with both Innate, Adaptive Subsystems and with Danger Signal

The successful operation of a mobile ad hoc network depends on cooperation of the nodes in providing services to each other. Nodes act both as terminals and information relays, and participate in a common routing protocol, such as Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) [13]. The network is vulnerable due to faulty or malicious nodes. Misbehavior detection systems aim at removing this vulnerability [1], [2], [3], [4], [6], [7]. Our approach for misbehavior detection in DSR is to use an Artificial Immune System (AIS) [14], [15]. The system is inspired by the natural immune system of vertebrates [10]. The main task of the natural immune system (the IS) is to protect the human body against microorganism invaders and some malfunctioning own cells, while being tolerant to normal own cells, self cells. To accomplish this task, the IS has developed some detection and reaction mechanisms and procedures, which may be useful for solving analogous problems in building an AIS. The work presented here is a continuation of our previous work [6], [7]. In the previous work we proposed a solution for mapping some basic parts of the IS to our AIS: representation, matching, and negative and clonal selection. We implemented and validated the solution in the Glomosim simulator [11]. The system had a separate preliminary phase for collecting selfbehavior examples. This phase had to be run in a protected environment, when there is no misbehavior of the nodes. It is very hard to provide such conditions in a real network. In this work we give three main improvements for our AIS. First, we propose a solution that doesn’t require a preliminary learning phase in the protected environment (the environment without misbehavior). The solution uses analogy with the IS danger signal [8], [9]. Second, we add the innate part of the AIS, which provides fast detection of misbehavior
Domain-Independent, Automatic Partitioning for Probabilistic Planning

Recent progress on external-memory MDP solvers, in particular PEMVI [Dai et al., 2008], has enabled optimal solutions to large probabilistic planning problems. However, PEMVI requires a human to manually partition the MDP before the planning algorithm can be applied -- putting an added burden on the domain designer and detracting from the vision of automated planning. This paper presents a novel partitioning scheme, which automatically subdivides the state space into blocks that respect the memory constraints. Our algorithm first applies static domain analysis to identify candidates for partitioning, and then uses heuristic search to generate a 'good' partition. We evaluate the usefulness of our method in the context of PEMVI across many benchmark domains, showing that it can successfully solve extremely large problems in each domain. We also compare the performance of automatic partitioning with previously reported results using human-designed partitions. Experiments show that our algorithm generates significantly superior partitions, which speed MDP solving and also yield vast memory savings.
A Differential Fault Attack against Block Cipher HIGHT

The block cipher HIGHT is designed suitable for low-resource hardware implementation. It established as the TTA standard and ISO/IEC 18033-3 standard. In this paper, we propose a differentail fault attack against the block cipher HIGHT. In the proposed attack, we assume that an attacker is possible to inject a random byte fault in the input value of the 28-th round. This attack can recover the secret key by using the differential property between the original ciphertext and fault cipher text pairs. Using 7 and 12 error, our attack recover secret key within a few second with success probability 87% and 51%, respectively.