Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Authigenic apatite and octacalcium phosphate formation due to adsorption–precipitation switching across estuarine salinity gradients

Abstract. Mechanisms governing phosphorus (P) speciation in coastal sediments remain largely unknown due to the diversity of coastal environments and poor analytical specificity for P phases. We investigated P speciation across salinity gradients comprising diverse ecosystems in a P-enriched estuary. To determine P load effects on P speciation we compared the high P site with a low P site. Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), authigenic apatite (carbonate fluorapatite, CFAP) and detrital apatite (fluorapatite) were quantitated in addition to Al/Fe-bound P (Al/Fe-P) and Ca-bound P (Ca-P). Gradients in sediment pH strongly affected P fractions across ecosystems and independent of the site-specific total P status. We found a pronounced switch from adsorbed Al/Fe-P to mineral Ca-P with decreasing acidity from land to sea. This switch occurred at near-neutral sediment pH and has possibly been enhanced by redox-driven phosphate desorption from iron oxyhydroxides. The seaward decline in Al/Fe-P was counterbalanced by the precipitation of Ca-P. Correspondingly, two location-dependent accumulation mechanisms occurred at the high P site due to the switch, leading to elevated Al/Fe-P at pH 6.6 (seaward; precipitation). Enhanced Ca-P precipitation by increased P loads was also evident from disproportional accumulation of metastable Ca-P (Ca-Pmeta) at the high P site. Here, sediments contained on average 6-fold higher Ca-Pmeta levels compared with the low P site, although these sediments contained only 2-fold more total Ca-P than the low P sediments. Phosphorus species distributions indicated that these elevated Ca-Pmeta levels resulted from transformation of fertilizer-derived Al/Fe-P to OCP and CFAP in nearshore areas. Formation of CFAP as well as its precursor, OCP, results in P retention in coastal zones and can thus lead to substantial inorganic P accumulation in response to anthropogenic P input.
Towards an operationalization of the fundamental dimensions of agency and communion: Trait content ratings in five countries considering valence and frequency of word occurrence

Despite many convergences in theorizing and research on the two fundamental dimensions of social judgment the operationalizations differ considerably across studies and possible confounds (valence, frequency of word occurrence) are not always controlled. The present study was meant as a first step towards a more standardized operationalization by providing trait words which are clearly distinct in content (agency and communion) but comparable in valence and frequency of word occurrence in written language across different countries. We created a pool of 304 trait adjectives and reduced this pool in several pretests to a list of 69 trait words. These were clearly different in content and covered a large range of valence. In the main study N = 548 participants from five countries (Belgium, Germany, Italy, Poland and USA) rated the 69 trait words on agency, communion and valence. The results were quite consistent across countries. The trait adjectives' agency ratings and communion ratings were negatively correlated; valence was correlated with communal content, but not with agentic content; word frequency was barely related to the content ratings. Cluster analyses suggest four clusters of trait words. Based on these findings we propose sets of agentic and communal trait words which do not differ in valence and word frequency. These item-sets can serve as a first step towards a standardized operationalization of the two fundamental content dimensions across languages. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DIRICHLET FINITE SOLUTIONS OF Au = Pu, AND CLASSIFICATION OF RIEMANN SURFACES

1. Problem and its background. Consider a C differential P(z)dxdy (z = x+iy) on an open Riemann surface R with P(z)*t0. We denote by PX(R) the set of C solutions on R of the elliptic equation Au=Pu, or more precisely, of d*du(z)—u(z)P(z)dxdy, with a certain property X. For P = 0 we use the traditional notation HX instead of OX. Let Opx be the set of pairs (R} P) such that PX(R) reduces to constants. Instead of (i£, P)(E.Opx we simply write R&OPX if P is well understood. As for X we let B stand for boundedness, D for the finiteness of the Dirichlet integral DR(U) ~JR du/\*du, and E for the finiteness of the energy integral ER(U) =DR(U) +/R PU 2 dx dy; we also consider combinations of these properties. I t is known that
REV IEW AND SYNTHES IS A practical guide to measuring local adaptation

Franc ois Blanquart,* Oliver Kaltz, Scott Nuismer and Sylvain Gandon Abstract Patterns of local adaptation are expected to emerge when selection is spatially heterogeneous and sufficiently strong relative to the action of other evolutionary forces. The observation of local adaptation thus provides important insight into evolutionary processes and the adaptive divergence of populations. The detection of local adaptation, however, suffers from several conceptual, statistical and methodological issues. Here, we provide practical recommendations regarding (1) the definition of local adaptation, (2) the analysis of transplant experiments and (3) the optimisation of the experimental design of local adaptation studies. Together, these recommendations provide a unified approach for measuring local adaptation and understanding the adaptive divergence of populations in a wide range of biological systems.
4-Acetyl-Antroquinonol B Suppresses SOD2-Enhanced Cancer Stem Cell-Like Phenotypes and Chemoresistance of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inducing hsa-miR-324 re-Expression

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in both sexes globally. This is not unconnected with the heterogeneity and plasticity of CRC stem cells (CRC-SCs) which stealthily exploit the niche-related and (epi)genetic factors to facilitate metastasis, chemoresistance, tumor recurrence, and disease progression. Despite the accumulating evidence of the role of dysregulated microRNAs in malignancies, the therapeutic efficacy of pharmacological-targeting of CRC-SC-associated microRNAs is relatively under-explored. Experimental approach: In this present study, we employed relatively new bioinformatics approaches, analyses of microarray data, Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and functional assays to show that hsa-miR-324-5p expression is significantly suppressed in CRC cells, and inversely correlates with the aberrant expression of SOD2. Results: This converse hsa-miR-324-5p/SOD2 relationship is associated with enhanced oncogenicity, which is effectively inhibited by 4-acetylantroquinonol B (4-AAQB), as evidenced by inhibited cell viability and proliferation, as well as attenuated migration, invasion, and clonogenicity in 4-AAQB-treated DLD1 and HCT116 cells. Interestingly, 4-AAQB did not affect the viability and proliferation of normal colon cells. We also showed that 4-AAQB-induced re-expression of hsa-miR-324-5p, akin to short-interfering RNA, reduced SOD2 expression, correlates with the concurrent down-regulation of SOD2, N-cadherin, vimentin, c-Myc, and BcL-xL2, with concomitant up-regulation of E-cadherin and BAX2 proteins. Enhanced expression of hsa-miR-324-5p in the CRC cells suppressed their tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, 4-AAQB synergistically potentiates the FOLFOX (folinate (leucovorin), fluorouracil (5FU), and oxaliplatin) anticancer effect by eliciting the re-expression of SOD2-suppressed hsa-miR-324, and inhibiting SOD2-mediated tumorigenicity. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the pre-clinical anti-CSC efficacy of 4-AAQB, with or without FOLFOX in CRC, and suggest a potential novel therapeutic strategy for CRC patients.
Effects of urbanization on stream hydrology and water quality: the Florida Gulf Coast

At the global scale, the population density of coastal areas is nearly three times that of inland areas, and consequently, land development represents a threat to coastal ecosystems. It is critical to understand how increasing urbanization affects coastal watersheds. To that end, the objective of this study was to examine the influence of urban development on stream water quality and hydrology in a coastal setting, a scenario that has received less attention than other physiographic regions. Stream hydrologic, physicochemical, and microbial data were collected in watersheds near Apalachicola, Florida with a range of impervious surfaces from 0 to 15%. Watersheds with greater impervious cover exhibited higher pH, specific conductance, and temperature, elevated nutrient concentrations and loads ( Cl−,NO3−,SO42−,Na+,K+,Mg2+,Ca2+ , and total phosphorus), higher bacterial concentrations (fecal coliform and Escherichia coli), and increased maximum flow and hydrograph flashiness. Different responses to development here compared to other physiographic regions included lower total suspended solid concentrations, higher total dissolved solid concentrations, and a lack of response of base flow to increased urbanization. Additionally, Na+ and Cl− concentrations were elevated to a greater extent than is often the case in non‐coastal areas. In the coming years, urban development is projected to increase substantially in coastal zones and thus there is risk of further stream degradation in coastal watersheds. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluctuational phase-flip transitions in parametrically driven oscillators

We analyze the rates of noise-induced transitions between period-two attractors. The model investigated is an underdamped oscillator parametrically driven by a field at nearly twice the oscillator eigenfrequency. The activation energy of the transitions is analyzed as a function of frequency detuning and field amplitude scaled by the damping and nonlinearity parameters of the oscillator. Both fourth- and sixth-order nonlinearities are taken into account. The parameter ranges where the system is bistable and tristable are investigated. Explicit results are obtained in the limit of small damping, or equivalently, strong driving, including scaling near bifurcation points. @S1063-651X~98! 15405-3# functional gives the exponent in the expression for the es- cape rate. An advantageous feature of period doubling in an under- damped oscillator is that it occurs for comparatively small amplitudes F of the driving force, where the nonlinearity of the oscillator is still small: the anharmonic part of the poten- tial energy is much less than the harmonic one, v 0 q 2 /2, where q is the oscillator coordinate. In this case, the quanti- ties of interest are the amplitude and phase of the vibrations at the frequency v F/2'v 0 . They vary only a little over the time ;v F1 . The corresponding dynamics is affected by Fourier components of the noise within a narrow band cen- tered at v F/2. Essentially, this means that, in the analysis of the dynamics of slow variables, the noise may be assumed to be white. A similar situation arises @12# in the problem of transitions between the stable states of forced vibrations of a resonantly driven underdamped oscillator. Below, in Sec. II, we discuss the phase portrait of a driven Duffing oscillator ~with the fourth-order nonlinearity! in the rotating frame. We then derive the properties of noise for slow variables. For low noise intensities, we formulate and solve numerically the variational problem for the activation energy of escape from period-two states. In Sec. III, explicit expressions are provided for the escape rates in the vicinities of the bifurcation points where there emerge period-two at- tractors ~a supercritical bifurcation! or unstable period-two states. The analysis in Sec. IV refers to comparatively strong driving, where the motion in slow variables is underdamped. Explicit analytical results for escape activation energies are obtained in limiting cases and compared with numerical re- sults. In Sec. V the role of sixth-order nonlinearity is dis- cussed, and the activation energies are found near bifurcation points, and also in the range where sixth-order nonlinearity is strong and the motion in slow variables is underdamped. Section VI contains concluding remarks.
Central-Obscuration Removal Plates for Focal-Plane Phase-Mask Coronagraphs with a Centrally-Obscured Telescope

Focal-plane phase-mask coronagraphs, such as eight-octant phase-mask coronagraphs (8OPM), are one of the most promising tools for high contrast observations. However, coronagraphic performance would be degraded when combined with a centrally-obscured telescope. We propose pupil-remapping optics for removing the shade of a secondary mirror to generate a clear, circular pupil for the phase-mask coronagraph. First, we show the design of the pupil-remapping optics, called central-obscuration removal plates (CRPs). Next, we report laboratory experiments on the 8OPM coronagraph using manufactured CRPs. We also evaluate off-axis point-spread functions via both laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. Finally, we evaluate, via numerical simulations, limiting factors for coronagraphic performance, such as phase aberrations introduced by the CRPs, the effect of Fresnel diffraction, and chromatic behavior. The numerical simulations suggest that the phase aberrations could be a dominant limiting factor of the achievable contrast in the current laboratory experiments.
Effects of calcium to non-phytate phosphorus ratio and different sources of vitamin D on growth performance and bone mineralization in broiler chickens

ABSTRACT - A 7 × 2 factorial experiment was designed to test the effects of calcium (Ca) to non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) ratio (1.14, 1.43, 1.71, 2.00, 2.29, 2.57, and 2.86) and different sources of vitamin D (1α-hydroxycholecalciferol (1α-OH-D3) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3)) on growth performance and bone mineralization in 1- to 42-d-old broiler chickens. On the day of hatch, 700 female Ross 308 broilers were weighed and randomly assigned to 14 treatments with five stainless steel cages of 10 birds each. Dietary Ca levels were 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, and 10.0 g kg−1 and the NPP content was 3.5 g kg−1. The dose of 1α-OH-D3 or 25-OH-D3 was 5 µg kg−1. Diets were not supplemented with cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). Results showed that the Ca to NPP ratio, vitamin D source, and their interaction affected body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed efficiency (FE), and carcass and breast yields, as well as tibia weight and length and ash weight in broiler chickens from 1 to 42 d of age. Broilers fed 1α-OH-D3 had higher BWG and FI as well as tibia breaking strength, weight, length, diameter, and ash weight than birds fed 25-OH-D3 at 42 d of age. The Ca to NPP ratio had a quadratic effect on BWG, FI, mortality, as well as tibia breaking strength, weight, length, ash weight, and ash and P contents in 42-d-old broilers. Broiler chickens at 42 d of age obtain optimal growth performance and bone mineralization at the Ca to NPP ratio of 2.32 when 1α-OH-D3 or 25-OH-D3 are used as the vitamin D source.
Analysis of the reconfiguration latency and energy overheads for a Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA

In this paper we have evaluated the overhead and the tradeoffs of a set of components usually included in a system with run-time partial reconfiguration implemented on a Xilinx Virtex-5. Our analysis shows the benefits of including a scratchpad memory inside the reconfiguration controller in order to improve the efficiency of the reconfiguration process. We have designed a simple controller for this scratchpad that includes support for prefetching and caching in order to further reduce both the energy and latency overhead.
Matching pursuit based removal of cardiac pulse-related artifacts in EEG/fMRI

— Cardiac pulse-related artifacts in the EEG recorded simultaneously with fMRI are complex and highly variable. Their effective removal is an unsolved problem. Our aim is to develop an adaptive removal algorithm based on the matching pursuit (MP) technique and to compare it to established methods using a visual evoked potential (VEP). We recorded the VEP inside the static magnetic field of an MR scanner (with artifacts) as well as in an electrically shielded room (artifact free). The MP-based artifact removal outperformed average artifact subtraction (AAS) and optimal basis set removal (OBS) in terms of restoring the EEG field map topography of the VEP. Subsequently, a dipole model was fitted to the VEP under each condition using a realistic boundary element head model. The source location of the VEP recorded inside the MR scanner was closest to that of the artifact free VEP after cleaning with the MP-based algorithm as well as with AAS. While none of the tested algorithms offered complete removal, MP showed promising results due to its ability to adapt to variations of latency, frequency and amplitude of individual artifact occurrences while still utilizing a common template.
THE ACE I/D GENE POLYMORPHISM AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN A NON-ELITE FEMALE COHORT

I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene may be associated with better endurance performance and a stronger response to exercise training. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ACE gene polymorphism and athletic performance in a homogeneous female cohort. Thirty-two female non-elite Caucasian Turkish athletes with similar training backgrounds for at least six months were studied for ACE gene polymorphisms using PCR analysis. Their sixty-meter sprint and middle distance running test performances were evaluated. The distribution of the ACE I/D genotypes was found to be 34.4%, 37.5% and 28.1% for II, ID and DD polymorphisms respectively, in the study cohort. There were no significant differences amongst ACE genotype groups with respect to their sprint (χ2: 3.261; p=0.196) or middle distance (χ2: 0.396; p=0.820) performances. No significant relationship was found between ACE genotypes and sprint or endurance performances in non-elite female athletes. Studies with larger cohorts may produce significant relationships.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Believing Is Seeing : A Proof-of-Concept Semiexperimental Study on Using Mobile Virtual Reality to Boost the Effects of Interpretation Bias Modification

Background: Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations (CBM-I) is a computerized intervention designed to change negatively biased interpretations of ambiguous information, which underlie and reinforce anxiety. The repetitive and monotonous features of CBM-I can negatively impact training adherence and learning processes. Objective: This proof-of-concept study aimed to examine whether performing a CBM-I training using mobile virtual reality technology (virtual reality Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations [VR-CBM-I]) improves training experience and effectiveness. Methods: A total of 42 students high in trait anxiety completed 1 session of either VR-CBM-I or standard CBM-I training for performance anxiety. Participants’ feelings of immersion and presence, emotional reactivity to a stressor, and changes in interpretation bias and state anxiety, were assessed. Results: The VR-CBM-I resulted in greater feelings of presence (P<.001, d=1.47) and immersion (P<.001, ηp 2=0.74) in the training scenarios and outperformed the standard training in effects on state anxiety (P<.001, ηp 2=0.3) and emotional reactivity to a stressor (P=.03, ηp 2=0.12). Both training varieties successfully increased the endorsement of positive interpretations (P<.001, drepeated measures [drm]=0.79) and decreased negative ones. (P<.001, drm=0.72). In addition, changes in the emotional outcomes were correlated with greater feelings of immersion and presence. Conclusions: This study provided first evidence that (1) the putative working principles underlying CBM-I trainings can be translated into a virtual environment and (2) virtual reality holds promise as a tool to boost the effects of CMB-I training for highly anxious individuals while increasing users’ experience with the training application. (JMIR Ment Health 2019;6(2):e11517) doi:10.2196/11517 JMIR Ment Health 2019 | vol. 6 | iss. 2 | e11517 | p.1 http://mental.jmir. org/2019/2/e11517/ (page number not for citation purposes) Otkhmezuri et al JMIR MENTAL HEALTH
polimaps: Supporting Predictive Policing with Visual Analytics

Recently, predictive policing has gained a lot of attention, as the beneﬁts, e.g., better crime prevention or an optimized resource planning are essential goals for law enforcement agencies. Commercial predictive policing systems commonly visualize predictions on maps but provide only little support for human analysts in the technical and methodological processes that constitute corresponding implementations. In this paper, we report on a project of bringing visual analytics to the ﬁeld of predictive policing. We introduce a process model that includes machine learning as well as visualization and has been developed together with experts from a law enforcement agency. We also showcase a visual analytics tool, called polimaps , that is part of a real-world predictive policing project and implements elements of the proposed process.
Hierarchical Linear Modeling in Organizational Research

Organizational researchers, including those carrying out occupational stress research, often conduct longitudinal studies. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM; also known as multilevel modeling and random regression) can efficiently organize analyses of longitudinal data by including within- and between-person levels of analysis. A great deal of longitudinal research has been conducted in the context of growth studies in which change in the dependent variable is examined in relation to the passage of time. HLM can treat longitudinal data, including data outside the context of the growth study, as nested data, reducing the problem of censoring. Within-person equation coefficients can represent the impact of Time t − 1 working conditions on Time t outcomes using all appropriate pairs of data points. Time itself need not be an independent variable of interest.
Author's response to reviews Title: Limited importance of the dominant-negative effect of TP53 missense mutations Authors:

Ewelina Stoczynska-Fidelus (ewelinasto@o2.pl) Malgorzata Szybka (mszybka@wp.pl) Sylwester Piaskowski (piachu.s@wp.pl) Michal Bienkowski (michal.bienkowski@gmail.com) Krystyna Hulas-Bigoszewska (krybig@wp.pl) Mateusz Banaszczyk (mati.banaszczyk@gmail.com) Izabela Zawlik (izabela.zawlik@umed.lodz.pl) Dorota Jesionek-Kupnicka (dorota.jesionek-kupnicka@umed.lodz.pl) Radzislaw Kordek (radzislaw.kordek@umed.lodz.pl) Pawel P Liberski (pawel.liberski@umed.lodz.pl) Piotr Rieske (piotrrieske@yahoo.com)
Geomorphometry : Today and Tomorrow 1 2

This paper summarizes the current state-of-the-art in 9 geomorphometry and describes the innovations that are close at 10 hand and will be required to push digital terrain modeling forward 11 in the future. These innovations will draw on concepts and methods 12 from computer science and the spatial sciences and require greater 13 collaboration to produce “actionable” knowledge and outcomes. 14