Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adventitial Inflammation of the Coronary Arteries in Patients, with and without Diabetes Mellitus, Who Died of Acute Coronary Disease: A Reliable Marker of Active, Progressive, Atherosclerotic Disease

Background: Atherosclerosis is a progressive, chronic inflammatory disease, but it is not yet possible to identify specific plaques with active, progressive, disease. Adventitial inflammation (AI) is a component of the chronic inflammatory response and may be useful in identifying the actively growing, vulnerable plaque, with impending disruption. Methods: The hearts of 61 patients who died of acute coronary disease (ACD), 18 diabetic and 43 non-diabetic, and 22 control patients were obtained fresh and uncut at the autopsy table. The coronary arteries were injected with a colored barium-gelatin mass and the heart fixed in formalin. After fixation, the coronary arteries were dissected intact, decalcified, cut at 2-3 mm intervals, and all segments mounted for microscopic study to determine the frequency of AI and its relationship to the overall plaque burden (PB), the PB in the proximal and distal segments of each coronary artery, and all plaque disruptions (PD). Results: AI was present in 50% of 5,466 coronary segments in these 61 patients compared to 16% in the control patients. Patients with diabetes had a greater PB, P=<0.02, and more extensive AI than non-diabetics, p<0.001, in both proximal and distal segments. There was a direct relationship between PB and AI in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, but was significantly greater in diabetic patients, p=<0.001. Multiple PD’s, 148, were present in these 61 patients and 95% were associated with AI, but there was no significant difference in the frequency of PD’s in diabetic compared to non-diabetic patients. Conclusions: AI appears to be a reliable histologic marker of active, progressive, atherosclerotic disease and may be helpful in identifying the vulnerable plaque with impending disruption. Diabetes accelerates atherosclerotic disease, but does not accelerate PD.
A Falha de Pinhal Novo-Alcochete no contexto da neotectónica do Vale Inferior do Tejo

A ZFPNA tera funcionado como bordo da Bacia Lusitana neste sector, implicando o seu enraizamento profundo, no soco paleozoico, tendo sofrido reactivacao em tectonica pelicular durante a inversao tectonica miocenica. Constitui uma das principais estruturas provavelmente activas da regiao (entendida como a actividade no regime tectonico actual, abrangendo aproximadamente os ultimos 3,5 Ma). Identificada essencialmente por dados de sub-superficie, tem uma direccao aproximada NNW-SSE e geometria complexa, ramificada, abarcando uma zona de deformacao com cerca de 1,5 km de largura.
Efficient rational agents for quantum tomographies and inferences

Iremos desenvolver sobre inferencias corretas e, as vezes, plausiveis ao inferir estados e processos quânticos. Fazer uma inferencia correta pode ser considerado parte de ser um agente racional, porque uma forma de agir racionalmente e pensar logicamente ate chegar a conclusao que uma determinada acao ira atingir nossos objetivos e, entao, agir de acordo com essa conclusao. No entanto, para uma inferencia correta nao basta somente racionalidade; em alguns casos,nao ha nenhuma evidencia da melhor coisa a se fazer, especialmente quando temos informacoes incompletas e dados ruidosos, mas alguma coisa ainda deve ser feita. Os aspectos da mecânica quântica estao amadurecendo tanto na teoria quanto nos experimentos e ainda precisamos de sistemas de maiores dimensoes para testa-los. Aqui, desenvolvemos varios metodos a fim de inferir estados quânticos desconhecidos e processos quânticos tambem desconhecidoscom pouca, ou toda informacao, que podem ser experimentalmente viaveis e eficientemente processados. O coracao dos nossos metodos sao hierarquias de programas semi-definidos e suas formulacoes flexiveis. Apresentaremos uma enormidade de receitas para atingir nossos no paradigma de informacao completa e incompleta. Testamos nossos metodos em diferentes experimentos, como sistemas em optica quântica e ressonância magnetica nuclear (RMN) e apresentamos os resultados aqui.
Aerosol Radiative Effects on Deep Convective Clouds and Associated Radiative Forcing

The aerosol radiative effects (ARE) on the deep convective clouds are investigated by using a spectral-bin cloud-resolving model (CRM) coupled with a radiation scheme and an explicit land surface model. The sensitivity of cloud properties and the associated radiative forcing to aerosol single-scattering albedo (SSA) are examined. The ARE on cloud properties is pronounced for mid-visible SSA of 0.85. Relative to the case excluding the ARE, cloud fraction and optical depth decrease by about 18% and 20%, respectively. Cloud droplet and ice particle number concentrations, liquid water path (LWP), ice water path (IWP), and droplet size decrease significantly when the ARE is introduced. The ARE causes a surface cooling of about 0.35 K and significantly high heating rates in the lower troposphere (about 0.6K/day higher at 2 km), both of which lead to a more stable atmosphere and hence weaker convection. The weaker convection and the more desiccation of cloud layers explain the less cloudiness, lower cloud optical depth, LWP and IWP, smaller droplet size, and less precipitation. The daytime-mean direct forcing induced by black carbon is about 2.2 W/sq m at the top of atmosphere (TOA) and -17.4 W/sq m at the surface for SSA of 0.85. The semi-direct forcing is positive, about 10 and 11.2 W/sq m at the TOA and surface, respectively. Both the TOA and surface total radiative forcing values are strongly negative for the deep convective clouds, attributed mostly to aerosol indirect forcing. Aerosol direct and semi-direct effects are very sensitive to SSA. Because the positive semi-direct forcing compensates the negative direct forcing at the surface, the surface temperature and heat fluxes decrease less significantly with the increase of aerosol absorption (decreasing SSA). The cloud fraction, optical depth, convective strength, and precipitation decrease with the increase of absorption, resulting from a more stable and dryer atmosphere due to enhanced surface cooling and atmospheric heating.
A half mode substrate integrated epsilon near zero resonator and notch filter

In this article a miniaturized, half‐mode substrate integrated epsilon near zero (ENZ) tunnel is presented. This structure supports a reflection‐less transmission at a single frequency when epsilon is near zero. Moreover, this tunnel is connected to a CRLH filter in a decoupling mode to reject unwanted frequencies. Design methodology, simulation, and measurement results of this structure are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1707–1709, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25297
On the regular elements in Z_n

All rings are assumed to be finite commutative with identity element. An element a ∈ R is called a regular element if there exists b ∈ R such that a = ab, the element b is called a von Neumann inverse for a. A characterization is given for regular elements and their inverses in Zn, the ring of integers modulo n. The arithmetic function V (n), which counts the regular elements in Zn is studied. The relations between V (n) and Euler’s phi-function φ(n) are explored.
Title Towards a theory of self-organization

This paper aims at providing a rigorous definition of selforganization, one of the most desired properties for dynamic systems, such as peer-to-peer systems, sensor networks, cooperative robotics, or ad-hoc networks. We propose a framework in order to prove the selforganization of dynamic systems with respect to generic criteria (e.g., similarity, load balancing, geographical neighborhood, battery level) that can be composed in order to construct more complex criteria. We illustrate our theory with a case study that consists in proving the selforganization of CAN, a representative peer-to-peer system.
Outer hair cell electromotility is low-pass filtered relative to the molecular conformational changes that produce nonlinear capacitance

Cochlear amplification is mediated by the outer hair cell of the organ of Corti. Santos-Sacchi et al. reveal that the cell possesses a voltage-dependent motile frequency response that differs from that of its voltage sensor/effector, the electromotile protein prestin, implying variable coupling between the two.
Case-Study of Internationalization in Peruvian SMEs

The aim of the study is to better understand and assess the strategic effectiveness of three Peruvian SMEs, focusing on internationalization and information communication technologies. Through qualitative content and thematic analysis, the authors identify push and pull factors of internationalization and explore e-business tools and technologies. Of the three SMEs, two target the domestic market and consider internationalization as a reactive strategy to home market saturation. The third proactively targets overseas markets. Key barriers include limited expertise and technological resources. A descriptive framework of SME internationalization for the three studied SMEs is proposed that can be used to inform further substantive and correlational inquiry.
Hardware Acceleration of Computer Vision Application

Demand for computing is growing, especially in the form of digital image processing and computer vision because of their applications in military equipment, industrial environment, automobiles, medical and entertainment products. Edge detection is one of the fundamental steps in digital image processing and computer vision and Canny is the most widely used edge detection algorithm. This algorithm is comprised of computationally intensive stages like smoothing, gradient computation, non-maximal suppression etc, which have high processing demands, especially for embedded computing. Hardware/software co-design appears to be a promising solution to satisfy the computation demands of many applications, especially image processing and computer vision. It has especially gained popularity due to the tight coupling between reconfigurable hardware and software on a single chip, such as Zynq by Xilinx and the availability of better tools. However, programmability of such devices is still a challenge. In this thesis, we present an efficient mapping of Canny edge detection application on Zedboard which uses Zynq as target processor. The goal is to accelerate the application without losing the accuracy as compared to the original software implementation. We highlight various challenges faced by the developer in the form of detailed memory and communication profiling and careful analysis of applications and the requirement to understand the hardware details. We highlight how tools like MCProf, can be useful to perform intelligent application mapping on processors like Zynq. We back our study with simulation and actual implementation results at kernel and application level to provide a quantitative comparison of various optimizations. We obtained upto 7x and 3.18x speedup at kernel- and application-level, respectively. Though we have used Canny as case-study, the analysis presented in this thesis is also applicable to other image processing and computer vision applications.
Hydrogen Peroxide Gates a Voltage-Dependent Cation Current in Aplysia Neuroendocrine Cells

Nonselective cation channels promote persistent spiking in many neurons from a diversity of animals. In the hermaphroditic marine-snail, Aplysia californica, synaptic input to the neuroendocrine bag cell neurons triggers various cation channels, causing an ∼30 min afterdischarge of action potentials and the secretion of egg-laying hormone. During the afterdischarge, protein kinase C is also activated, which in turn elevates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), likely by stimulating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. The present study investigated whether H2O2 regulates cation channels to drive the afterdischarge. In single, cultured bag cell neurons, H2O2 elicited a prolonged, concentration- and voltage-dependent inward current, associated with an increase in membrane conductance and a reversal potential of ∼+30 mV. Compared with normal saline, the presence of Ca2+-free, Na+-free, or Na+/Ca2+-free extracellular saline, lowered the current amplitude and left-shifted the reversal potential, consistent with a nonselective cationic conductance. Preventing H2O2 reduction with the glutathione peroxidase inhibitor, mercaptosuccinate, enhanced the H2O2-induced current, while boosting glutathione production with its precursor, N-acetylcysteine, or adding the reducing agent, dithiothreitol, lessened the response. Moreover, the current generated by the alkylating agent, N-ethylmaleimide, occluded the effect of H2O2. The H2O2-induced current was inhibited by tetrodotoxin as well as the cation channel blockers, 9-phenanthrol and clotrimazole. In current-clamp, H2O2 stimulated burst firing, but this was attenuated or prevented altogether by the channel blockers. Finally, H2O2 evoked an afterdischarge from whole bag cell neuron clusters recorded ex vivo by sharp-electrode. H2O2 may regulate a cation channel to influence long-term changes in activity and ultimately reproduction. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is often studied in a pathological context, such as ischemia or inflammation. However, H2O2 also physiologically modulates synaptic transmission and gates certain transient receptor potential channels. That stated, the effect of H2O2 on neuronal excitability remains less well defined. Here, we examine how H2O2 influences Aplysia bag cell neurons, which elicit ovulation by releasing hormones during an afterdischarge. These neuroendocrine cells are uniquely identifiable and amenable to recording as individual cultured neurons or a cluster from the nervous system. In both culture and the cluster, H2O2 evokes prolonged, afterdischarge-like bursting by gating a nonselective voltage-dependent cationic current. Thus, H2O2, which is generated in response to afterdischarge-associated second messengers, may prompt the firing necessary for hormone secretion and procreation.
Robust visual tracking based on Informative random fern

In this paper, a novel visual tracking algorithm named as Informative random fern - Tracking Learning Detection (IRF-TLD) has been proposed. Instead of a binary comparison in the standard random fern of TLD, we use the real value feature and Gaussian random projection to acquire the advantages of high accuracy and low memory requirement. Experimental results on challenging sequences have demonstrated the superior performance of our IRF-TLD when compared with several state-of-the-art tracking algorithms.
Star formation in bright-rimmed clouds and clusters associated with the W5 E H II region

The aim of this paper is to present the results of photometric investigations of the central cluster of the W5 E H II region as well as a follow-up study of the triggered star formation in and around bright-rimmed clouds (BRCs). We have carried out wide-field UBVI C and deep VI C photometry of the W5 E H II region. A distance of ∼2.1 kpc and a mean age of ∼1.3 Myr have been obtained for the central cluster. The young stellar objects (YSOs) associated with the region are identified on the basis of near-infrared and mid-infrared observations. We confirmed our earlier results that the average age of the YSOs lying on/inside the rim is younger than those lying outside the rim. The global distribution of the YSOs shows an aligned distribution from the ionizing source to the BRCs. These facts indicate that a series of radiation-driven implosion processes proceeded from near the central ionizing source towards the periphery of the W5 E H II region. We found that, in general, the age distributions of the Class II and Class III sources are the same. This result is apparently in contradiction to the conclusion by Bertout, Siess & Cabrit and Chauhan et al. that classical T Tauri stars evolve to weak-line T Tauri stars. The initial mass function of the central cluster region in the mass range 0.4 < M/M ⊙ ≤ 30 can be represented by Γ = ―1.29 ± 0.04. The cumulative mass functions indicate that in the mass range 0.2 ≤ M/M ⊙ ≤ 0.8, the cluster region and BRC NW have more low-mass YSOs compared to BRCs 13 and 14.
Endoscopic endonasal cyst fenestration into the sphenoid sinus using the mucosa coupling method for symptomatic Rathke's cleft cyst: a novel method for maintaining cyst drainage to prevent recurrence.

OBJECTIVE Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) is a benign cystic lesion with a relatively high incidence of local recurrence that occasionally requires repeat surgery. To prevent recurrence, simple cyst fenestration and drainage of the cyst contents to the sphenoid sinus is recommended, but it occasionally recurs. The authors postulated that obstruction of fenestration is a main cause of recurrence, and they developed a method, named the "mucosa coupling method (MC method)," that maintains persistent drainage. In this method, the RCC epithelium and the mucosa of the sphenoid sinus are connected, which promotes re-epithelialization between the two epithelia, maintaining persistent drainage. The outcome of this method was compared with that of conventional cyst fenestration. METHODS In a consecutive series of 40 patients with RCC, the surgical strategy was changed during the study period: from December 2009 to September 2014 (the conventional period), 24 patients were scheduled to be treated using the conventional fenestration method, whereas from September 2014 to September 2017 (the MC period), 16 patients were scheduled to be treated using the MC method. However, because of an intraoperative CSF leak, the fenestration was closed during surgery in 3 patients in the conventional period and 2 in the MC period; therefore, these 5 patients were excluded from the analysis. Twenty-one patients treated with the conventional fenestration method (conventional group) and 14 patients treated with the MC method (MC group) were analyzed. All patients regularly underwent MRI after surgery to detect reaccumulation of cyst contents. The rate of reaccumulation with and without reoperation, visual outcomes, endocrinological outcomes, and postoperative complications were compared between these two groups. RESULTS The median follow-up period in all 35 patients was 48.0 months (range 1-96 months), 54.0 months (range 1-96 months) in the conventional group and 35.5 months (range 12-51 months) in the MC group. No reaccumulation was detected on MRI in the 14 patients in the MC group, whereas it was noted in 9 (42.9%) of 21 patients in the conventional group, and 2 of these 9 patients required repeat surgery. There were no significant differences in visual and endocrinological outcomes and complications between these two groups. CONCLUSIONS The MC method for RCC is effective for preventing obstruction of cyst fenestration, which contributes to preventing cyst reaccumulation. Furthermore, this method is equivalent to the conventional fenestration method in terms of visual and endocrinological outcomes and the complication rate.
A Re-assessment of the Use of Building Accounts for the Study of Medieval Urban Houses

This paper will evaluate the use of building accounts as a source for medieval construction. It considers how architectural and documentary historians have used these records principally for the study of high-status buildings. In contrast, lower-status urban buildings tend to be studied by archaeologists through excavation. However, the main aim of this paper is to show that building accounts are an equally valuable source for the study of small and lower-status medieval urban buildings. It proposes that the analysis of building accounts can provide further detailed information about the construction of this type of medieval structure, in addition to the excavated and standing evidence.
Three new species of Austrophlebioides Campbell and Suter (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from the Wet Tropics bioregion of north‐eastern Australia

Three new species of the mayfly genus Austrophlebioides Campbell and Suter are described from the Wet Tropics bioregion of north-eastern Australia: A. rieki sp. n. , A. wooroonooran sp. n. and A. porphyrobranchus sp. n. The three species are similar, and are characterised in the male imago by the presence of a prominent ventral projection on each lobe of the penes and segment one of the claspers narrowing at about one-third length, and in the nymph by the absence of fine setae along the outer margin of the mandible between the median setal tuft and the outer incisor. The generic diagnosis of the nymphal stage is modified slightly to accommodate the three new species.
International competitiveness in services in some European countries: basic facts and a preliminary attempt of interpretation.

In spite of the increasing economic and social importance of services, the analysis of their international competitiveness is still in its very preliminary stages. The lack of adequate statistical information and theoretical background explains that backwardness. The aim of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of competitiveness in services activities of European countries. To carry out this task the investigation is divides into two parts: the first consists of the classification of the competitive position of the economies along 1990-2001 according to the competitiveness matrix developed by the UNO and the World Bank. Secondly, a first attempt of interpretation is made by exploring the factors which can explain the different behaviour of the countries, giving an especial importance to elements related to knowledge incorporation. In both cases, three sub-sectors are considered: transport and communication, travel and other business services. Finally, a number of recommendations as well as future research topics are included in the conclusions.
FEM STUDY TO VERIFY THE EFFECT OF EMBOSSING AND WAVE SHAPES ON FORMABILITY OF STAMPING PROCESS FOR MULTI-HOLE ETCHING METAL FOIL USING SUS316L MATERIAL

In current study, to predict ductile fracture and spring-back in making embossing shape using multi-hole etching metal foil of SUS316L material, FEM simulation was adopted. Ductile fracture criterion of forming limit diagram (FLD) and stress-strain curve based on experimental data were first input to ABAQUS/Explicit finite element code to predict failure and spring-back occurrences. Several simulations were then performed with the dimension changing of etching holes in order to simulate and investigate press formability of final product after forming process. The better case was obtained by utilizing simulation results. FEM simulation results were finally confirmed by the corresponding experiment. The FEM predictions were in good agreement with experimental result.
Quantum rotation: a new method for capturing a change of perspective

1 Quantum probability, first developed in theoretical physics, has recently been used to model previ2 ously unexplainable data in cognitive psychology. This has led to the recent development of choice 3 models based on quantum probability. This paper tests whether these new models can also capture 4 ‘changing states’ or equivalently ‘changing perspectives’ in moral choice contexts. We apply mod5 els with a quantum logic framework to two distinctly different choice case-studies. In the first one, 6 respondents have to make choices between ‘sacred’ and a ‘secular’ attributes of route alternatives 7 (‘a taboo trade-off’). The second study investigates how an individual weighs wage and commut8 ing times for themselves relative to the wages and commuting times for their partners. For the first 9 scenario, we find that ‘quantum rotations’ can accurately capture the addition of a taboo trade-off. 10 For the second, quantum rotations can explain the difference in making trade-offs affecting just the 11 decision-maker compared to trade-offs involving both the decision-maker and their partner. 12