Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining Wikipedia to Rank Rock Guitarists

We present a method to find the most influential rock guitarist by applying Google PageRank algorithm to information extracted from Wikipedia articles. The influence of a guitarist was estimated by the number of guitarists citing him/her as an influence and the influence of the latter. We extracted this whoinfluenced-whom data from the Wikipedia biographies and converted them to a directed graph where a node represented a guitarist and an edge between two nodes indicated the influence of one guitarist over the other. Next we used Google PageRank algorithm to rank the guitarists. The results are most interesting and provide a quantitative foundation to the idea that most of the contemporary rock guitarists are influenced by early blues guitarists. Although no direct comparison exist, the list was still validated against a number of other best-of lists available online and found to be mostly compatible.
Study of efficacy of Propofol, Ondansetron and Dexamethasone in prevention of post operative nausea & vomiting (PONV) following thyroidectomy

Introduction: Post operative nausea and vomiting is one of the most common and annoying problem after general anesthesia resulting in patient discomfort, delaying discharge from recovery unit and may be at time dangerous resulting in pulmonary aspiration syndrome. Patients undergoing thyroid surgeries are at high risk for development of PONV with reporting incidence of 63% to 84%. We compare the efficacy of propofol, Ondansetron and dexamethasone to prevent PONV. Material and Methods: 60 adult patients undergoing elective partial or total thyroidectomy were placed in 3 groups (20 patients in each group)  Group 1 : Propofol 0.5 mg/kg (15 minutes before reversal)  Group 2 : Ondansetron 8 mg (15 minutes before induction)  Group 3 : Dexamethasone 10 mg (15 minutes after induction) Postoperatively all patients were assessed for the incidence of nausea, vomiting, vital parameters, pain and sedation score, occurrence of sore throat, requirement of rescue antiemetic and other complications for every 4 hours for 24 hours except during sleep. Results: Occurrence of PONV was high in group 3 (10%) during first 4 hours postoperatively as compared to other two groups. The entire three groups had similar efficacy in preventing PONV during 4-8 hours postoperatively. Between 8 to 20 hours the incidence is high in group 1 and 2 as compared to group 3.Complete response to PONV in group 3 was found during 12-24 hours while in group 1 and 2 in 20-24 hours postoperatively. Group 3 found to be the most effective in our study. Conclusion: Overall incidence of PONV in the first 24 hour period was 35% in group 1, 25% in group 2 and 20% in group 3. Stastically significant difference in the incidence of PONV was noted between group 3 and group 1 & 2. Group 3 found to be the most effective in our study. Delayed emesis is better controlled with Dexamethasone compared with other groups. All three groups found to be effective in preventing PONV as a complete response in later part of post operative period.
Impact of climate change on direct and indirect species interactions

Recent marine climate change re search has largely focused on the response of individual species to environmental changes in cluding warming and acidification. The response of communities, driven by the direct effects of ocean change on individual species as well the cascade of indirect effects, has received far less study. We used several rocky intertidal species including crabs, whelks, juvenile abalone, and mussels to determine how feeding, growth, and interactions between species could be shifted by changing ocean conditions. Our 10 wk experiment revealed many complex outcomes which highlight the unpredictability of community-level responses. Contrary to our predictions, the largest impact of elevated CO2 was reduced crab feeding and survival, with a pH drop of 0.3 units. Surprisingly, whelks showed no response to higher temperatures or CO2 levels, while abalone shells grew 40% less under high CO2 conditions. Massive non-consumptive effects of crabs on whelks showed how important indirect effects can be in deter mining climate change responses. Predictions of species outcomes that account solely for physiological responses to climate change do not consider the potentially large role of indirect effects due to species interactions. For strongly linked species (e.g. predator−prey or competitor relationships), the indirect effects of climate change are much less known than direct effects, but may be far more powerful in reshaping future marine com munities.
The Evaluation of Myocardial Lesions after Radiofrequency Ablation Using Electrophysiological and Biochemical Markers

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is one of the most effective methods for treatment of symptomatic tachyarrhythmia. We performed this procedure in 750 patients with different types of rhythm disturbances. Experimental studies [1-2] showed that this technique made it possible to achieve optimal balance between patient safety and effectiveness of the procedure, adequately localize the application area, and reduce myocardial damage by lowering the transmitted energy. Typically, 200 mm3 of tissue were damaged using a 7F catheter with a 4 mm tip. In several studies [3-5] the size of endomyocardial damage following RFA was evaluated with biochemical markers, both traditional – creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and fraction creatine phosphokinase MB (CPK-MB) – and recently introduced myoglobin and troponins I and T, due to their high cardioselective specificity. To evaluate the clinical significance of myocardial mechanical and thermal injury following RFA, we focused on factors determining the extent of myocardial necrosis and
Changes in Soil Microbial Community Structure in a Tallgrass Prairie Chronosequence

Increasing the abundance of fungi relative to bacteria should favor C accrual, because fungi use C more efficiently, and are composed of more recalcitrant C compounds. We examined changes in soil microbial community structure following cessation of tillage-based agriculture and through subsequent succession in a C-accruing tallgrass prairie restoration chronosequence. We predicted that the relative abundance of fungi would increase following conversion from tillage-based agriculture. Soil microbial community structure was assessed as relative abundances of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Cessation of tillage-based agriculture did initially lead to an increase in the abundance of fungi, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), relative to bacteria. We suggest this is primarily due to reduced disturbance when tilling ceases. Vegetation characteristics also appear to be important, with high cyclopropyl/precursor PLFA ratios indicating bacterial communities under stress in agricultural soils, probably due to low C, arid possibly to low C relative to N inputs. A secondary gradient in soil microbial community structure was related to successional time, and tied to soil characteristics, particularly bulk density (D b ), pH, and soil organic C and N. However, while the fungi/bacteria (F/B) ratio was high in early succession plots, it declined later in succession. In addition, although the F/B ratio increased with SOC in the agricultural soils, it decreased with SOC in prairie soils. We conclude that increased community metabolic efficiency due to higher relative abundances of fungi is not the primary mechanism leading to enhanced C storage in these soils.
On the Dynamic Effects of Foreign Aid on Corruption

We assemble more pieces on the puzzle of the aid-corruption nexus. In essence, we extend the debate on the effect of foreign aid on corruption by providing evidence on dynamic effects of wealth, legal origin, religious-domination, regional proximity, openness to sea, natural resources and politico-economic stability. The empirical evidence from dynamic panel GMM estimation is based on 53 African countries for the period 1996-2010. The findings show that the positive effect of foreign aid on corruption is most significant in: Middle-income, French civil-law, Christian-dominated, non-oil exporting and landlocked countries. Moreover, there is also some scanty evidence of foreign aid increasing corruption-control in Lower Middle income and Not-landlocked countries. Justifications for the dynamics are discussed.
Multi-period conditional distribution functions for heteroscedastic models with applications to VaR

For a GARCH(1,1) process, we study the large deviation asymptotics at the horizon k and their consequences for extreme quantile estimation. The results are relevant for the estimation of multi-period Value at Risk and prove that the heuristic “square k” rule used in financial risk management is false in the context of GARCH processes.
Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women: Effects of a Dietary Weight Loss Program

Epidemiological studies showed an association between menopause, weight gain and risk factors that identify the metabolic syndrome (MS). We evaluated body composition and metabolic risk factors in postmenopausal women addressed to a center for the assessment of nutritional status to lose weight by hypocaloric balanced diet. 161 postmenopausal women were enrolled. MS diagnosis was made applying IDF (International Diabetes Foundation) criteria. After the prescription of hypocaloric diet all subjects were controlled every 2 months. In patients suffering from MS (MS+) at the first visit, diagnosis of MS was reassessed when 10% weight loss was achieved. 70 women were MS+. Years since menopause, low instruction level, obesity and Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) were each associated with MS. Particularly, BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m2 (OR: 2.61; 95% CI, 1.76 - 3.46) and VAT > 6.6 cm (OR: 3.49; 95% CI, 2.52 - 4.46) resulted independent risk factors. The 30% of the whole sample dropped out, the reminders significantly reduced weight, waist circumference (Wc) and Fat Mass (p 0.01). The 35% of MS+ women achieved the 10% weight loss with significant reduction of VAT, Wc, fasting glucose, tryglicerides, blood pressure and resolution of MS in the 78% of them. The 43.5% of postmenopausal women addressed in one center for the assessment of nutritional status to follow a weight-loss nutritional program had the MS; visceral obesity was the strongest independent risk factor and hypocaloric balanced diet resulted a good strategy to lose weight and treat MS.
Filipino children's social construction of socioeconomic differences : Everyday realities of street children and private school children

Starting with the author's encounter with a stone-throwing incident, which involved different socioeconomic groups of children - street children and private school children - at Katipunan Avenue, this article seeks to understand the processes by which these two groups of children come to know about socioeconomic differences in their everyday lives. It first describes the avenue as an interface situation where encounters between street children and private school children are likely to happen. It subsequently clarifies the modes and the contents of children's knowledge construction of the other at the interface situation. Three findings are drawn from data gathered through key informant interviews and observations. One, children construct their common-sense knowledge of the other as they adjust to or reconcile with their own socioeconomic positions. Two, the ongoing process of knowledge construction involves the reinforcement of their understanding through actual encounters between the two groups and under the influence of other people and elements that are directly and inderectly related to interface encounters. Ultimately, the children themselves actively maintain social reality of socioeconomic differences.
A comparison of the present and last interglacial periods in six Antarctic ice cores

We compare the present and last interglacial periods as recorded in Antarctic water stable isotope records now available at various temporal resolutions from six East Antarctic ice cores: Vostok, Taylor Dome, EPICA Dome C (EDC), EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML), Dome Fuji and the recent TALDICE ice core from Talos Dome. We first review the different modern site characteristics in terms of ice flow, meteorological conditions, precipitation intermittency and moisture origin, as depicted by meteorological data, atmospheric reanalyses and Lagrangian moisture source diagnostics. These different factors can indeed alter the relationships between temperature and water stable isotopes. Using five records with sufficient resolution on the EDC3 age scale, common features are quantified through principal component analyses. Consistent with instrumental records and atmospheric model results, the ice core data depict rather coherent and homogenous patterns in East Antarctica during the last two interglacials. Across the East Antarctic plateau, regional differences, with respect to the common East Antarctic signal, appear to have similar patterns during the current and last interglacials. We identify two abrupt shifts in isotopic records during the glacial inception at TALDICE and EDML, likely caused by regional sea ice expansion. These regional differences are discussed in terms of moisture origin and in terms of past changes in local elevation histories, which are compared to ice sheet model results. Our results suggest that elevation changes may contribute significantly to inter-site differences. These elevation changes may be underestimated by current ice sheet models.
CHAPTER 1 Development and psychopathology : a life course perspective

A life course perspective is central to developmental psychopathology. Michael Rutter and Alan Sroufe, founding fathers of the discipline, argued this need from the outset (Sroufe & Rutter, 1984; Rutter& Sroufe, 2000), and the intervening decades have amply confirmed their view. Longitudinal research has consistently demonstrated that most adult disorders have roots in childhood difficulties, and most childhood disorders have sequelae that persist to adult life. In mapping these long-term linkages, developmental findings have challenged etiological assumptions, highlighted unexpected connections across the life course, and raised key questions about the mechanisms—biological, psychological, and social—that underlie continuity and change. Numerous insights have flowed from adopting a life course view. It is now clear, for example, that the burden of psychiatric disorders begins early in development. Disorder onsets fall into distinctive groupings (Angold & Egger, 2007), but most occur in childhood and adolescence. Some—such as the neurodevelopmental disorders—emerge very early in childhood; some—such as depression—show a sharp rise in the teens; and some—schizophrenia being themost obvious example—though typically emerging later in development have clear precursors in the childhood years. These differing onset profiles point to differences in underlying mechanisms. Developmental neuroscience is beginning to map the delays and perturbations in brain development characteristic of specific childhood disorders (Shaw et al., 2010); to clarify the effects of stress exposure at different stages in the life course (Lupien et al., 2009); and to highlight how both the preand postnatal environments affect epigenetic programming, with the potential for pervasive influences on the developing brain (Kofink et al., 2013).
MPE graphics-scalable X11 graphics in MPI

Parallel programs need the same programming libraries as sequential programs, and in as easy to use a form. In addition, the semantics of parallel graphics operations need to be defined. We describe a parallel graphics library that provides parallel semantics, both independent and collective, that take advantage of the MPI Standard to ensure safety, ease of use, and independence from user programs. For performance, particularly on machines with large numbers of processors, the communication patterns used by the parallel graphics routines need to be under user control. Parallel graphics will generate communication traffic, which needs to be kept isolated from other user messages or library based message passing. Fortunately, the new MPI message passing standard allows isolation of such communication in communication "contexts". We describe an X-based parallel graphics library that relies on MPI for communication. It is an MPI library and is independent of which particular MPI implementation is being used for the underlying communication. <<ETX>>
Merging environments for shared spaces in mixed reality

In virtual reality a real walking interface limits the extent of a virtual environment to our local walkable space. As local spaces are specific to each user, sharing a virtual environment with others for collaborative work or games becomes complicated. It is not clear which user's walkable space to prefer, or whether that space will be navigable for both users. This paper presents a technique which allows users to interact in virtual reality while each has a different walkable space. With this method mappings are created between pairs of environments. Remote users are then placed in the local environment as determined by the corresponding mapping. A user study was conducted with 38 participants. Pairs of participants were invited to collaborate on a virtual reality puzzle-solving task while in two different virtual rooms. An avatar representing the remote user was mapped into the local user's space. The results suggest that collaborative systems can be based on local representations that are actually quite different.
Intergenerational income persistence Measures of intergenerational persistence can be indicative of equality of opportunity, but the relationship is not clear cut

Intergenerational income persistence. IZA World of Labor 2019: 176v2 doi: 10.15185/izawol.176. v2 | Jo Blanden © | January 2019 [Previous version August 2015] | wol.iza. org 1 AUTHOR’S MAIN MESSAGE Measures of intergenerational mobility, such as intergenerational elasticity, help paint a broad picture of intergenerational inequalities. However, data limitations introduce biases, and any discussion of optimal intergenerational persistence entails value judgments, which must be clearly articulated. By using new measures and data, and comparing intergenerational persistence across countries, time, and localities, researchers have begun to develop a more nuanced picture of intergenerational persistence and the mechanisms driving it. That is critical for identifying the most effective policy levers to apply. Cons
Effect of Decarburization on Microstructure of DC-Plasma Nitrided H 13 Tool Steel

Decarburization may occur during heat treatment of H13 steel resulting in carbon deficiency near the specimen surface. Microstructures and properties of H13 tool steel after surface treatment such as plasma nitriding can be affected by decarburization. This study is focused on the microstructure of plasma nitrided H13 steel. Decarburized and non-decarburized H13 steel was plasma nitrided for 36-72 ks at temperatures varying from 773 to 823 K. The microstructure of the plasma nitrided layer was analyzed by an optical microscope and Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA). The thickness of the nitriding layer is measured. The microstructures of the decarburized and the non-decarburized and plasma nitrided samples are different. The non-decarburized sample shows only one surface layer which consists of Fe 3 N (e), Fe 4 N (γ′), and CrN phases. In contrast, the nitriding layer of the decarburized sample consists of two layers. The top layer adjacent to the surface contains only Fe 3 N (e) and Fe 4 N (γ′) phases, while the beneath layer consists of Fe 3 N (e), Fe 4 N (γ′), and CrN phases. The difference of microstructures also affects surface hardness and hardness depth. Surface hardness and hardness depth of the decarburized samples is lower than that of the non-decarburized samples.
Network Partitioning Problem for Effective Management of Multi-domain SDN Networks

—In Software-Deﬁned Networking, a network with distributed controllers can be partitioned into sub-networks as controller’s administrative domains. Network partitioning could affect various aspects of network performances, such as controller load and reliability of controller’s domains because network resources and topology are logically divided into sub-networks. By focusing on network partitioning, this paper handles the issue as a mathematical problem based on graph clustering and analyzes effective network partitioning methods with different indicators related Software-Deﬁned Networking. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness of our clustering method in terms of the load balance of controllers and the reliability of controller domains.
Control of the MAOA-L Allele Expression through Genetic Manipulation Techniques Using CRISPR/Cas9 System

Antisocial behaviour is antagonism behaviour. It is a behavioural disorder inherited according to X linked chromosome inheritance pattern. This disorder comes from mutations in the MAOA gene. One of the mutations in this gene triggers the MAOA-L allele activity. The MAOA-L allele activity can trigger the expression of antagonistic actions in both healthy and unhealthy people. Maltreatment of healthy boys during childhood can lead to antagonistic actions in these children. In animal models, MAOA inhibitors can reverse the expression of antagonistic actions to healthy behaviour. Currently, this disorder in humans cannot be suppressed permanently. In the future, to suppress behavioural disorder, technologies such as end-joining homology techniques, ssODN, iPSCs and CRISPR/Cas9 system might be performed. End-joining homology, ssODN or iPSCs in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 system has succeeded to edit mutant segments in the F8 gene or F9 gene. Both genes, as well as the MAOA gene, are located in the X-chromosome. It shows that the iPSCs, ssODN or HMEJ method in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 system can significantly help the suppression of MAOA-L allele expression which triggers antagonistic actions in humans.