Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Style Markers for Detecting Plagiarism in Natural Language Documents

Most of the existing plagiarism detection systems compare a text to a database of other texts. These external approaches, however, are vulnerable because texts not contained in the database cannot be detected as source texts. This paper examines an internal plagiarism detection method that uses style markers from authorship attribution studies in order to find stylistic changes in a text. These changes might pinpoint plagiarized passages. Additionally, a new style marker called specific words is introduced. A pre-study tests if the style markers can fingerprint an author s style and if they are constant with sample size. It is shown that vocabulary richness measures do not fulfil these prerequisites. The other style markers - simple ratio measures, readability scores, frequency lists, and entropy measures - have these characteristics and are, together with the new specific words measure, used in a main study with an unsupervised approach for detecting stylistic changes in plagiarized texts at sentence and paragraph levels. It is shown that at these small levels the style markers generally cannot detect plagiarized sections because of intra-authorial stylistic variations (i.e. noise), and that at bigger levels the results are strongly a ected by the sliding window approach. The specific words measure, however, can pinpoint single sentences written by another author.
Monitoring the conformance of planning decisions to urban land use policies using Information Extraction and GeoVisualisation

In this thesis two existing computer science techniques are used to solve a specific problem in the field of ‘spatial planning’. The problem to be addressed is monitoring the conformance of planning decisions to urban land use policies. ‘Monitoring conformance’ refers to adherence to development plans and must be distinguished from monitoring performance, which looks at whether or not the plan met its objectives. The two computing techniques applied to the problem are Information Extraction (IE) and GeoVisualisation (GV). IE is an approach to the automated processing of text. This thesis demonstrates that the restricted subset of language used in the short texts present in planning applications makes them ideally suited to IE methods. GV is an approach to the interactive analysis of geographical data. Its use was motivated by two factors. Firstly, it is necessary to avoid the assumption of a simple relationship between policy and implementation – many different policies may apply to a particular decision. These may be weighted differently and are open to interpretation. Hence, statistical conclusions, such as ‘there is 80% conformance to policy’, are never drawn. Instead the visualisation leaves the interpretation of the results open to the user. It is through the details-on-demand functionality of visualisation tools that this link to the user’s own background knowledge is made. Secondly, the prototype user interface developed exemplifies the use of GV to explore geo-temporal patterns in the data. This was motivated by the knowledge that policies change over time. Evaluation work is conducted which shows that policy-makers can see reflections of the conformance of decision making to urban land use policies in the GV tool. The computational techniques used have been brought together and applied to the domain in a novel way, which assists in addressing the problem identified. A number of more theoretical questions are also considered along the way.
A network-based frame-synchronous level building algorithm for connected word recognition

A network-based, frame-synchronous, level building (FSLB) algorithm is described for recognizing continuous speech as a connected sequence of words. Previous frame synchronous approaches to recognition have included the one-pass approach, the one-stage approach, and an unpublished multilevel approach. The proposed algorithm, which has all the features of these earlier methods, as well as several new features, and which is implemented in a network-based approach, is a numerically exact, frame synchronous, implementation of the conventional level building (LB) algorithm. As with some of the earlier methods, the proposed algorithm is highly regular and modularized for distributed computation among several spectral purpose processors. New features of the algorithm include the capability of determining the best alternative recognition strings (e.g. second and third best strings), at every level, even for very complicated grammar networks, and the capability of efficiently incorporating several word and state duration scoring techniques directly in the forward search thereby eliminating the need for a postprocessor as required in the direct LB implementation. Word transition rules (e.g. a language model) can also be easily incorporated into the proposed algorithm. <<ETX>>
Job-shop scheduling models with set-up times

In this paper we consider the classical representation of job-shop scheduling problems in terms of disjunctive graphs. We derive a mixed integer-linear programming model that keeps track of the immediate precedence relation between operations. Finally, we show how this framework can be used to solve job-shop scheduling problems with sequence-dependent set-up times. Two cases are considered: the set-up operation required before processing a job on a machine may start as soon as the machine is available, or only if both job and machine are available.
Design and training for implementation of constructivist-based distance learning environments

x GENERAL INTRODUCTION I Rationale for Study 1 Dissertation Organization References 5 CONSTRUCTIVISM IN CYBERSPACE: PREPARING TEACHERS FOR DISTANCE EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY 7 Preface 7 Chapter One: A Vision of the Future 13 Change 13 Potential for Change 15 Configurations of Change 16 Focus of Change 18 Directions 19 Learning Theories 20 Constructivism 21 Cognitive Constructivism 21 Sociocultural Constructivism 23 Differences and Similarities 24 Theor\-Based Design 25 Tenets of Constructivism 25 Learning Environments 28 Constructivist Learning Environments 29 Instructional Design 30 Principles for Design 31 Models of Design 31 Distance Education Technology 35 Teachers. Learning, and Technology 38 Telecommunications 38 Distance Education -40 New Directions 42 Cyberthoughts 45 Glossary 48 References 49 DEVELOPMENT OFCONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: A KNOWLEDGE BASE FOR TEACHERS 60 Introduction 62 Changing Roles 63 Learning and Technology 64 Technology Integration 65 Staff Development 67
PLP2: Autoregressive modeling of auditory-like 2-D spectro-temporal patterns

The temporal trajectories of the spectral energy in auditory critical bands over 250 ms segments are approximated by an all-pole model, the time-domain dual of conventional linear prediction. This quarter-second auditory spectro-temporal pattern is further smoothed by iterative alternation of spectral and temporal all-pole modeling. Just as Perceptual Linear Prediction (PLP) uses an autoregressive model in the frequency domain to estimate peaks in an auditory-like short-term spectral slice, PLP$^2$ uses all-pole modeling in both time and frequency domains to estimate peaks of a two-dimensional spectro-temporal pattern, motivated by considerations of the auditory system.
ABR service provision in Ethernet-ATM internetworking

Ethernet users can access resources in ATM networks efficiently through Ethernet-ATM internetworking with ABR service. We survey several issues for implementing ABR service in Ethernet-ATM inter-networking and propose a structure for end-to-end flow control. In the proposed structure, control parameters are calculated and maneuvered by software for easy implementation and efficient adaptability for the changes of parameters while the cell emission control according to the allowed cell rate is performed by the hardware implementation for real time processing. The proposed structure can cope with the changes of the specifications including the calculation of the control parameters and their application. Hence, the structure is expected to contribute to providing the ABR service in the future ATM networks.
JOP: A Java Optimized Processor for Embedded Real-Time Systems

Compared to software development for desktop systems, curr ent software design practice for embedded systems is still archaic. C/C++ and ev en assembler are used on top of a small real-time operating system. Many of the benefit s of Java, such as safe object references, the notion of concurrency as a first-clas s language construct, and its portability, have the potential to make embedded system much safer and simpler to program. However, Java technology is seldom used in embed ded systems, due to the lack of acceptable real-time performance. This thesis presents a Java processor designed for time-pre dictable execution of real-time tasks. JOP (Java Optimized Processor) is the impl e entation of the Java virtual machine in hardware. JOP is intended for applicatio ns in embedded real-time systems and the primary implementation technology is in a fie ld programmable gate array. This research demonstrates that a hardware implemen tation of the Java virtual machine results in a small design for resource-constrained devices. Architectural advancements in modern processor designs in crease average performance with features such as pipelines, caches and branch pre diction. However, these features complicate worst-case execution time (WCET) anal ysis and lead to very conservative WCET estimates. This thesis tackles this prob lem from the architectural perspective – by introducing a processor architectur in which simpler and more accurate WCET analysis is more important than average case p erformance. This thesis evaluates the issues surrounding the use of stan dard Java for real-time applications. In order to overcome some of the issues with st andard Java, a profile for real-time Java is defined. Tight integration of the realtime scheduler with the supporting processor result in an efficient platform for Jav a in embedded real-time systems. The proposed processor and the Java real-time profile have be en us d with success to implement several commercial real-time applications.
Providing Privacy & Security for Location Aided Routing in MANETS

In mobile adhoc network each node acts as a router to forward the data to other nodes within the network. In certain domains such as law enforcement, search-and-rescue, node identities might not be as important as node locations. Going a step further, if the operating environment is hostile, node identities should not be revealed, so establishing communication between nodes based on its location plays a significant role in these cases. By applying Location Aided Routing, tracking the node movements even without knowing its identity becomes impossible or at least very difficult. In this paper, a framework is created for Location Aided Routing (LAR) which provides strong privacy and security, and the routing protocol used is secure link state based routing. The privacy features of the system includes node anonymity and resistance to tracking, the security features include node authentication and location integrity. Furthermore, a group signature scheme and certain cryptographic techniques have been used for providing privacy and security.
Pickup and Delivery Problems with Services on Nodes or Arcs of a Network

Pickup and delivery are activities that appear frequently in numerous companies and communities. It generally concerns transporting merchandise from one depot to branch offices, delivering orders to clients, maintaining road networks, distributing mail, picking up rubbish, etc. These operations are often very costly and substantial savings can be made by reducing the length of the trips that must be made.
Systemverilog for Design: A Guide to Using Systemverilog for Hardware Design and Modeling

In its updated second edition, this book has been extensively revised on a chapter by chapter basis. The book accurately reflects the syntax and semantic changes to the SystemVerilog language standard, making it an essential reference for systems professionals who need the latest version information. In addition, the second edition features a new chapter explaining the SystemVerilog "packages", a new appendix that summarizes the synthesis guidelines presented throughout the book, and all of the code examples have been updated to the final syntax and rerun using the latest version of the Synopsys, Mentor, and Cadance tools.
Word synthesis based on line spectrum pairs

The author described the initial investigation of a synthetic speech system based on line spectrum pair (LSP) analysis of the speech signal. The synthesizer contains a library of stored LSP speech segments extracted from natural speech. These segments are modified as necessary by a small set of context-sensitive rules and then concatenated to generate high-quality natural-sounding speech. Tests of a preliminary system produced MRT and DRT scores of 87.3 and 79.7, respectively. The LSP vocabulary synthesizer is limited to utterances of a single syllable, but future research will expand its capabilities to allow implementation of a full text-to-speech system. <<ETX>>
'Culturomics' and the representation of the language of the Third Reich in digitized German books

The article briefly reviews the major findings of a case study exploring the language of the Third Reich by means of the recently introduced computational tool Google Books Ngram Viewer (http://books.google.com/ngrams). This tool has been designed to investigate cultural trends and salient semiotic developments in history on the basis of the digital corpus of Google books on the World Wide Web. The aim of the article is to examine the reliability and overall usefulness of the new instrument for conducting fine-grained “culturomic” investigations on the basis of very large monolingual corpora.
Phonology and second language acquisition

1. Introduction (by Hansen Edwards, Jette G.) 2. Part I: Theoretical issues and frameworks in L2 phonology 3. 1. Phonological acquisition in a first language (by Ohala, Diane K.) 4. 2. Exploring the role of age in the acquisition of a second language phonology (by Ioup, Georgette) 5. 3. Transfer in second language phonology: A review (by Major, Roy C.) 6. 4. Typological markedness and second language phonology (by Eckman, Fred) 7. 5. Second language phonology in optimality theory (by Hancin-Bhatt, Barbara) 8. Part II. Second language speech perception and production 9. 6. Speech perception in second language learners: The re-education of selective perception (by Strange, Winifred) 10. 7. Foreign accent and speech intelligibility (by Munro, Murray J.) 11. 8. L2 speech production research: Findings, issues, and advances (by Zampini, Mary L.) 12. 9. Social factors and variation in production in L2 phonology (by Hansen Edwards, Jette G.) 13. Part III. Technology, training, and curriculum 14. 10. Training non-native language sound patterns: Lessons from training Japanese adults on the English /(R)/ - /l/ contrast (by Bradlow, Ann R.) 15. 11. Ultrasound imaging applications in second language acquisition (by Gick, Bryan) 16. 12. Technologies for prosody in context: Past and future of L2 research and practice (by Chun, Dorothy M.) 17. 13. Curriculum issues in teaching pronunciation to second language learners (by Derwing, Tracey M.) 18. Author index 19. Subject index
Data Fusion of Real-Time Location Sensing and Physiological Status Monitoring for Ergonomics Analysis of Construction Workers

AbstractPrevious research and applications in construction resource optimization have focused on tracking the location of material and equipment. There is a lack of studies on remote monitoring for improving safety and health of the construction workforce. This paper presents a new approach for monitoring ergonomically safe and unsafe behavior of construction workers. The study relies on a methodology that utilizes fusion of data from continuous remote monitoring of construction workers’ location and physiological status. To monitor construction workers activities, the authors deployed nonintrusive real-time worker location sensing (RTLS) and physiological status monitoring (PSM) technology. This paper presents the background and need for a data fusion approach, the framework, the test bed environment, and results to some case studies that were used to automatically identify unhealthy work behavior. Results of this study suggest a new approach for automating remote monitoring of construction workers safet.
LANGUAGES FOR THE PUBLICATION AND DISCOVERY OF CONTEXT-DEPENDENT SERVICES

FrSeC is a framework for the provision and composition of trustworthy contextdependent services. To support FrSeC, this paper introduces the ConfiguredService Description Language (CSDL) and the ConfiguredService Query Language (CSQL). CSDL is an XML based language for the description of ConfiguredServices by service providers. This description is published through service registries to enable the discovery of these services. ConfiguredService is a package in which the service contract, functionality, nonfunctional properties are bundled with the associated contextual conditions. CSQL is another XML based language that can be used by service requester to query the service registry for available ConfiguredServices. A case study is also presented to illustrate the use of CSDL and CSQL.
Using Design Patterns in Educational Multimedia applications

Designing and implementing Educational Multimedia Systems (EMS) is hard; even when design methods may help in this task, most critical design decisions remain undocumented making reuse a difficult task In this paper we show how to use design patterns while building Educational Multimedia Applications. We first present the idea of design patterns and then discuss some simple though effective design patterns addressing different concerns in this kind of applications. Each one of them is exemplified with successful educational applications.
Distributed optimization of traffic delay on a periodic switched grid network

Given a switched network, e.g. a city grid with semaphores in its intersections or a packet network, each unit (car or packet) accumulates some delay while traversing the network. This delay is undesirable but unavoidable, which makes minimizing the total average delay of the network given certain constraints, a desirable objective. In this work, we consider the case of periodic networks, meaning that in every traffic cycle inputs to the system are the same and we try to arrive to an allocation of phases in every intersection that minimizes the total delay per cycle. We propose a model for such networks in which the delay is given as a function of external parameters (arrivals to the system) as well as internal parameters (switching decisions). Additionally, we present a distributed algorithm which makes use of messages passed between adjacent nodes to arrive at a solution with low delay, when compared with what is obtained when nodes take decisions independently. Furthermore, dealing with large networks proves difficult to arrive to theoretical results. This distributed algorithm gives an insight on how one can analyze big networks by taking a local approach and determining bounds in smaller networks that are part of the big picture. Thesis Supervisor: Lizhong Zheng Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
A Japanese preprocessor for syntactic and semantic parsing

The authors describe a Japanese preprocessor which includes a morphological analyzer called MAJESTY, and a proper noun identification program. The original morphological analyzer was modified to disambiguate its output when multiple possibilities for segmentations and parts of speech are found. Ambiguous segments are packed locally in the output enabling a syntactic and semantic parser to perform efficiently. Then the proper noun identification program groups several segments constructing a proper noun to present a meaningful set of segments to the parser. Tested on financial news articles, the preprocessor successfully segmented text and tagged parts of speech with greater than 98% accuracy. Over 80% of company names and 90% of personal and place names have been identified. <<ETX>>
Applications of robust optimization to queueing and inventory systems

This thesis investigates the application of robust optimization in the performance analysis of queueing and inventory systems. In the first part of the thesis, we propose a new approach for performance analysis of queueing systems based on robust optimization. We first derive explicit upper bounds on performance for tandem single class, multiclass single server, and single class multiserver queueing systems by solving appropriate robust optimization problems. We then show that these bounds derived by solving deterministic optimization problems translate to upper bounds on the expected steadystate performance for a variety of widely used performance measures such as waiting times and queue lengths. Additionally, these explicit bounds agree qualitatively with known results. In the second part of the thesis, we propose methods to compute (s,S) policies in supply chain networks using robust and stochastic optimization and compare their performance. Our algorithms handle general uncertainty sets, arbitrary network topologies, and flexible cost functions including the presence of fixed costs. The algorithms exhibit empirically practical running times. We contrast the performance of robust and stochastic (s,S) policies in a numerical study, and we find that the robust policy is comparable to the average performance of the stochastic policy, but has a considerably lower standard deviation across a variety of networks and realized demand distributions. Additionally, we identify regimes when the robust policy exhibits particular strengths even in average performance and tail behavior as compared with the stochastic policy. Thesis Supervisor: Dimitris Bertsimas Title: Boeing Professor of Operations Research Co-Director, Operations Research Center Thesis Supervisor: David Gamarnik Title: Associate Professor of Operations Research
Load capacity assessment of a braided textile composite bone plate under real-life condition

Bone plates are subjected to multi-axial stresses. Braided textile composites are suitable structures under severe load conditions. In this study, a bone plate was assumed to be made up of Bioactive Glass/Poly L-Lactic Acid (BG/PLLA) and analysed using the finite element method. Material properties obtained from our previous work were introduced into the model assuming an orthotropic mechanical behaviour. Combined loading, including tension/bending, torsion/bending and tension/bending/torsion, was effected into the model. The maximum principal stress theory was used to predict damage onset. Results from linear static analysis showed that the composite was able to properly fix the fractured site under physiological loading conditions. The plate was able to withstand a tension load of about 40 N together with a bending load of about 12 N and torsion of 0.5 N m. Therefore, under multiple loading conditions (real-life situation), it is necessary to control the level of the applied loads until healing.