Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal patterns of CO2 and CH4 fluxes in China's croplands in response to multifactor environmental changes

By W EI R EN 1,2, H A N Q IN TIA N 1,2∗, X IAO FEN G X U 1,2, M IN G LIA N G LIU 1,2, C H AO Q U N LU 1,2, G UA N G SH EN G C H EN 1,2, JER RY M ELILLO 3, JO H N R EILLY 4 and JIY UA N LIU 5, 1Ecosystem Dynamics and Global Ecology Laboratory, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; 2International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; 3Ecosystem Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL St. Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; 4Joint Program on Science and Policy of Global Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Building E19-429L, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; 5Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Dynamic Economic Dispatch Solution with Practical Constraints Using a Recurrent neural network

This paper proposes a solution to the dynamic economic dispatch (DED) with practical constraints using a Hopfield neural network (HNN). The constrained DED which will be solved in this paper must satisfy (i) the system load demand (ii) the spinning reserve capacity (iii) ramp rate limits and (iv) prohibited operating zone. The feasibility of the proposed HNN method is demonstrated using two power systems, and it is compared with the other methods in terms of solution quality and computation efficiency. Streszczenie. Artykul proponuje rozwiązanie dynamicznej gospodarki przesylem energii z uwzglednieniem ograniczen przy wykorzystaniu sieci neuronowych Hopfield (HNN). Zaproponowana metoda zostala sprawdzona w dwoch systemach elektroenergetycznych i porownana z innymi metodami pod wzgledem jakości i efektywności rozwiązan obliczeniowych. (Dynamiczne rozwiązanie gospodarki przesylem energii przy wykorzystaniu sieci neuronowych)
The Relationship of Empathy and Impulsivity to The Dark Tetrad of Personality

Though relationships between empathy, impulsivity, and personality traits making up the Dark Tetrad of personality have been studied individually, the relationship of empathy and impulsivity to the Dark Tetrad of personality simultaneously has not been studied. The current study examined the relationship of both empathy and impulsivity to the Dark Tetrad simultaneously, and assessed specific combinations of traits, empathy, and impulsivity. Participants from a private university completed online surveys. Correlations and predictions of variables were examined. Individuals who rated high on Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism had significantly lower scores on empathy subscales, and individuals rating high on these as well as narcissism had significantly high scores on impulsivity subscales. Results also indicated that psychopathy and sadism both predicted lack of empathy, while only sadism significantly predicted poor impulse control. Surprisingly, narcissism was positively correlated with, and predictive of empathy. Overall, it was found that the combination of psychopathy and sadism simultaneously could result in particularly dangerous outcomes.
Discovering Motifs in Rodent Behaviour

The search for biomarkers of psychiatric disorders is an important area within translational psychiatry, as these biomarkers could potentially be transferable to humans. Research in this area involves observing behaviour of the animal under different experimental conditions (e.g. after application of a drug). Although a wide range of such experiments are conducted, there is little existing software dedicated to the analysis of the resulting data. In this work, a new method for quantifying rodent behavioural data is attempted, by applying existing research on the discovery of frequent patterns (’motifs’) in time series data. These patterns are then interpreted as features to be used for classification, in order to compare the results to existing methods.
Development of 3D Sculpted, Hyper-Realistic Biomimetic Eyes for Humanoid Robots and Medical Ocular Prostheses

Abstract. Hyper-realistic Humanoid Bio-robotic Systems (HHBS) are the precise electro-mechanical bodily emulation of natural human being in materiality, form and function. However, the standardised approach of constructing static ocular prosthesis for implementation in modern HHBS design, contradicts innate organic human criterion as the artificial eyes are void of the intricate dynamic fluidic functions of the natural human iris. The aim of this paper is to outline the development and construction process of a pair of realistic artificial humanistic optical retinal sensors that accurately simulate the autonomous fluctuating operations of the human iris in reaction to visceral emotion and photo-luminescent stimuli and retain the optical sensory capability and integral aesthetic materialism of the organic eye. The objective of the auto-dynamic pupillary framework is to advance the external expressive / embodied realism of HHBS towards achieving a more accurate operational and embodied simulation. Prospective future application and advancement of the outlined optical system presents potential implementation in the field of medical ocular prosthetic design, with the aim of enhancing the naturalistic operations of future fabricated human eye replicas, thus conceivably reducing the malaise and discomfiture commonly associated with the archetypical fixed artificial eyes.
NEW SOLAR-CELL COATING TO ENABLE BOOST IN EFFICIENCY

These days Solar Energy is discriminatingly required to satisfy the human needs. Anyway amid the energy conversion [sunlight into Current] the measure of transformation is not sufficient and it is less because of sun powered shaft reflection on the surface of the solar panel.This strategy never surpasses 34% for a solitary advanced semiconductor intersection. The current framework utilized aqueous strategy, and the nanoparticles arranged are ��� � ��� co-doped ��� and the immaculate ��� and the transformation proficiency arrive at up to 9.07%. The main objective of this paper is to improve the energy conversion rate in terms of reducing the Reflection. In the past studies in photovoltaic [PV] cell, if one proton thumps then one electron detached in the PV material. In this paper another system is presented where in a PV cell, every photon can rather thump two electrons detached by changing the semiconductor
Implementation Theoretical Information Protocol for Public Distribution Cryptology Keys

This paper presents the design and implementation of a key distribution protocol over public channels. This protocol has its own source of randomness, based on data from civil air traffic. An equivalent protocol scheme has been developed according to the theoretical protocol, “satellite scenario”. Both parties to generate symmetric keys without preshared secrets have been allowed. Keys generated in this way can be used with symmetric encryption (AES, DES). The performance of the proposed protocol has been conducted with rigorous theoretical information analysis. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR32054]
Effective Polyakov-loop theory for pure Yang-Mills from strong coupling expansion

Lattice Yang-Mills theories at finite temperature can be mapped onto effective 3d spin systems, thus facilitating their numerical investigation. Using strong-coupling expansions we derive effective actions for Polyakov loops in the SU(2) and SU(3) cases and investigate the effect of higher order corrections. Once a formulation is obtained which allows for Monte Carlo analysis, the nature of the phase transition in both classes of models is investigated numerically, and the results are then used to predict – with an accuracy within a few percent – the deconfinement point in the original 4d Yang-Mills pure gauge theories, for a series of values of Nτ at once.
Phytoplankton Species Composition , Distribution , Abundance and Diversity in Gbalegbe River , Delta State , Nigeria

This study was undertaken to investigate the phytoplankton species composition, distribution abundance and diversity in Gbalegbe River, Delta State. The river was stratified into eight stations (S1 – S8). In each station, three sampling points were randomly selected according to standard methods. Temporal stratification covered two rainy seasons (early rain; March – April and late rain; September – October) and two dry seasons (early dry; November – December and late dry; January – February). Water and phytoplankton samples were forth-nightly collected from each station for two years following standard procedures. Water samples collected were analysed according to standard methods while flora samples were counted and identified to species level. During the early and late rainy seasons, three (3) orders, four (4) families and twenty-five (25) species of phytoplankton were identified. The most abundant phytoplankton recorded was Potamogeton pectinatus, 43 (4.38%) while the least was Ttichophyton ajelloi, 1 (0.10%). In the early and late dry seasons, three (3) orders, five (5) families and eighteen (18) species of phytoplankton were identified. The most abundant phytoplankton recorded was Pseudo – Nitzschia autralis 60 (6.86%) while the least was Bidulphia aurita 10 (1.14%). The lowest and highest Margalef index recorded were 1.91 and 4.96 at stations 2 and 1. The results indicated that stations 2 – 8 were relatively polluted while station1 was not polluted. It is recommended that adequate management measures be put in place in order to conserve the resources of Gbalegbe River.
A Hybrid Indoor Positioning System Design based on BLE

In recent years, positioning services are increasingly used for navigation with the growing popularity of smart devices. The indoor positioning is a much tougher challenge than outdoor positioning. BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) technology has developed for location services during the last few years, the Beacons using BLE technologies are transmitter devices that can take advantage of Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) information together with an appropriate localization algorithm, to pinpoint a user’s position. We apply the Triangulation algorithm to compute the user’s position based on the RSSI of iBeacon devices, and the Fingerprinting method is also applied to improve the accuracy and stability of indoor position. Some popular machine learning algorithms are evaluated as the training model of positioning prediction. The hybrid positioning system constructed with client-server architecture for reducing the computation of mobile devices, which makes indoor positioning application more stable and provides other diversified services.
Impact of urban public transport enhancements on crime rate: a diff-diff analysis for the case of Transmilenio

One of the biggest questions of agglomerations today focuses on the problem of the public transport supply. To deal with this, Bogota has developed a new urban transport system that has had worldwide recognition since 2000: Transmilenio. While most studies have focused on studying the impact of this new public transport system with respect to the environment, hedonic prices, employment and urbanism, among others, none (except one) have studied the question of the evolution of crime linked to the existence of Transmilenio. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the evolution of urban transport, which is traduced on the construction and on the improvements of Transmilenio, has had a direct impact on the crime rates in the city. By collecting a set of spatially referenced data regarding crimes in 112 of the 117 planning zones that make up the city, this research follows a differences-in-differences methodology to test the causality of the transport system in the evolution of crime rates in each zone for different periods. After a deep descriptive analysis of data and the implementation of the econometric methodology suggested, results indicate that enhancement of the public transport system has had no clear impact on crime rates in all zones of the city. Depending on the zones and on the Transmilenio line in question, the transport system may increase or decrease the number of crimes on each zone beneficiaries or not from the improvement of the system. However, this research gives a non-negligible number of hints to take in consideration on further studies.
The Airborne Glacier and Land Ice Surface Topography Interferometer ( GLISTIN-A )

This In May 2009 a new radar technique for mapping ice surface topography was demonstrated in a Greenland campaign as part of the NASA International Polar Year (IPY) activities. The demonstration occurred using the airborne glacier and ice surface topography interferometer (GLISTIN-A): a 35.6 GHz single-pass interferometer implemented as an adaptation to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) L-band uninhabited airborne vehicle synthetic aperture radar (UAVSAR). Although the technique of using radar interferometry for mapping terrain has been demonstrated before, this was the first such application at millimeter-wave frequencies. GLISTIN-A performance indicates swath-widths over the ice between 5-7km, with height precisions ranging from 30cm-3m at a posting of 3m x 3m. However, for this application the electromagnetic wave will penetrate an unknown amount into the snow cover thus producing an effective bias that must be calibrated. To evaluate this, GLISTIN-A flew a coordinated collection with the NASA Wallops airborne topographic mapper (ATM) on a transect from Greenland’s summit to its West coast. Preliminary comparisons with the ATM lidar altimeter have bounded the effective penetration depth of the Ka-band interferometric phase center to less than 1m over the dry firn. Currently, ESTO has funded the transition of GLISTIN-A to operational status through the AITT program. Keywords-interferometery, radar, ice.
STABILIZATION FOR A CLASS OF DISCRETE-TIME SWITCHED SYSTEMS WITH STATE CONSTRAINTS AND QUANTIZED FEEDBACK

This paper addresses the issue of stability analysis and controller gains design for a class of discrete-time linear switched systems with an average dwell-time, which involve constrained states and the quantization effect. The system requires a logarithmic quantizer and the quantized control input. The state constraints proposed in this paper are limited to a unit hypercube. Methods utilizing a quantization dependent Lyapunov function are introduced, which are applied to the design of the controller. Ultimately, some linear matrix inequalities (LMI) are given as the conditions to guarantee closedloop systems are asymptotically stable. The accuracy of the theory is confirmed by a numerical example in the latter section.
Modeling Analysis Post Acute- Care Impact of National Health Insurance in Taiwan

This study intends to use the National Health Insurance Research Database to collect "Cohort Dataset". NHI enrollees from 2013 to 2014 before random sampling for analysis in accordance with code 430 to 437 of the International Classification of Diseases, the 9th Revision. By constructing hierarchical linear models (HLM), the patient-ward level can be statistically analyzed. Meanwhile, the repetitive measurement at different time points within the the 3st, the 6rd, and the 12th month, can also be conduct for the service mode between a postacute care and a general ward. Keywords-cerebral vascular accident; post-acute care; national health insurance research database; HLM
Effects of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum strain L-137 on larvae quality and growth performance of white leg shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) juveniles

This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplemental LP20 on growth performance and immune response of postlarvae (PL) and juvenile stages of white leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. The LP20 contains 20% heatkilled Lactobacillus plantarum strain L-137 (HK L-137) and 80% dextrin in dried-weight basis. The study was conducted for two phases: Phase 1 (hatchery stagePL1 to PL15) was carried out indoor with four treatments by supplementation of LP20 at 0.0 g (marked as LP20-0.0), 0.5 g (LP20-0.5) and 1.0 g (LP201.0) LP20 kg of feed to the basal diet. The basal diet without LP20 was set up as a control that used in the whole experimental period (including Phase 1 and Phase 2). Initial PLs of L. vannamei were cultured at stocking density of 75,000 nauplii 0.5 m tank. The results showed that the final weight and length of PLs (at PL15) fed feed containing 1.0 g of LP20 kg of feed were significantly higher than those of PLs fed basal diet (P<0.05). Total bacteria count in PL15 was significantly different between LP20 supplemented groups (LP20-0.5 and LP20-1.0) and without LP20 supplemented groups (LP20-0.0 and control). Phase 2 (nursery stagePL16 to PL45) was conducted continuously from Phase 1, in which, similar-sized shrimps of each treatment, including LP20-0.0, LP20-0.5 and LP20-1.0 were selected and divided into two groups, fed with a reduction of bacterial doses (at 0.1 g and 0.25 g kg of feed). The results showed that the highest specific growth rate (SGR) was found in the treatment LP20-1.0 that fed diet supplemented LP20 at 0.25 g kg of feed (1.0LP20-0.25) and significantly differed compared with the control (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in SGR among the LP20 supplemented diets. The highest bacterial densities were observed in the hepatopancreas of shrimp of the 0.5LP20-0.1 treatment (in comparison with other treatments, P<0.05). Similarly, the lowest Vibrio spp. density (10×10 colony-forming units (cfu) sample) was counted in the hepatopancreas of shrimp of the 0.5LP20-0.1 treatment. Bacterial challenge test showed that the significantly lowest cumulative mortality (7.5%) was found in the 0.5LP200.1 treatment when compared with other treatments (P<0.05). Thus, the findings of this study indicated that the supplementation of 0.5 g of LP20 kg of feed to the diet used for white leg shrimp at PL stage and continuing feeding PL with 0.1 g of LP20 kg of feed enhanced growth performance and improved immune system.
Chapter 1 The Phylogeny and Classification of Anopheles

Anopheles was introduced as a genus of mosquitoes in 1818 by Johann Wilhelm Meigen [1], a German entomologist famous for his revolutionary studies of Diptera. Little was done on the taxonomy of Anopheles until the discovery during the last two decades of the 19th century that mosquitoes transmit microfilariae and malarial protozoa, which initiated a drive to collect, name and classify these insects. In 1898, the Royal Society and the Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamber‐ lain, Secretary of State for the Colonies of Britain, appointed a Committee to supervise the investigation of malaria. On 6 December 1898, Mr. Chamberlain directed the Colonies to collect and send mosquitoes to the British Museum (Natural History) (Figure 1), and in 1899 the Committee appointed Frederick V. Theobald to prepare a monograph on the mosquitoes of the world, which was published in five volumes between 1901 and 1910 [2‒6]. As a conse‐ quence, many new generic names were introduced in an effort to classify numerous new mosquito species into seemingly natural groups. Theobald proposed 18 genera for species of Anopheles based on the distribution and shape of scales on the thorax and abdomen. Four of these proposed genera, Cellia, Kerteszia, Nyssorhynchus and Stethomyia, are currently recognized as subgenera of Anopheles and the other 14 are regarded as synonyms of one or other of subgenera Anopheles, Cellia or Nyssorhynchus. Theobald, however, was not the only person to propose generic names for species of Anopheles. During the first three decades of the 20th century, 37 genera (including the 18 recognized by Theobald) were established for species of Anopheles [7].
Self-initiated expatriates: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of professional female expatriates

This study is an original piece of work that offers the opportunity to ascertain and comprehend the experiences of professional female self-initiated expatriates in the Cayman Islands, and presents a valuable insight into what is now an important dimension of international careers and the contexts within which they evolve. Analysis and interpretation of data was achieved through use of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) a distinctive approach to conducting qualitative research that is concerned with understanding lived experiences. Findings suggest that several contributory factors exist in influencing the female expatriates’ decision to expatriate and that they maintained positive perceptions of the effects their overseas experience would bring to their career prospects. Findings also suggest that while gender discrimination was not commonly experienced, discrimination because of their expatriate identity was.
Why do Some People Want to Legalize Cannibis Use?

Preferences and attitudes to illicit drug policy held by individuals are likely to be an important influence in the development of illicit drug policy. Among the key factors impacting on an individual's preferences over substance use policy are their beliefs about the costs and benefits of drug use, their own drug use history, and the extent of drug use amongst their peers. We use data from the Australian National Drug Strategy's Household Surveys to study these preferences. We find that current use and past use of cannabis are major determinants of being in favor of legalization. These results control for reverse causality from favorable attitudes to use. We also find that cannabis users are more in favor of legalization the longer they have used cannabis and, among past users, the more recent their own drug using experience. This may reflect that experience with cannabis provides information about the costs and benefits of using this substance. Finally, we uncover some evidence that peers' use of cannabis impacts on preferences towards legalization.
Inferential problems for a Y-linked gene branching model with blind choice

Estimation problems for a two-type bisexual branching process with blind choice are studied. Such a model is adequate for analyzing the evolution of Y-linked genes from generation to generation in a two-sex monogamic population, where it is assumed that females and males mate under a blind mating scheme. A nonparametric frequentist framework is considered. Moreover, it is also assumed that the only available data are the total number of females, the total number of males of each genotype and the total number of each type of couple in each generation. The problem of estimate the main parameters of the model is then tackled as an incomplete data problem and the maximum likelihood estimators for the main parameters of the model are derived using the expectation-maximization method.
A Novel Approach to Speckle Reduction to Ultrasound Image

Speckle noise is inherent in ultrasound images, and it generally tends to reduce the resolution and contrast, thereby,to degrade the diagnostic accuracy of this modality. Speckle reduction is very important and critical for ultrasound imaging. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for speckle reduction using twodimensional (2D) homogeneity and directional average filters. We have conducted experiments on numerous artificial images, clinic breast ultrasound images and vascular images. The experimental results are compared with that of other methods and the performance is evaluated using several metrics, and they demonstrate that the proposed approach can reduce the speckle noise effectively without blurring the edges and damaging the textual information. It will be useful for computer aided diagnosis (CAD) systems using ultrasound images.