Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MICROSTELLITES: SIMPLE SEQUENCES WITH DYNAMIC ROLE IN FISH GENETICS

Microsatellite or short tandem repeats (STRs) represent codominant molecular genetic markers and are scattered ubiquitously distributed within genomes of all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Being highly polymorphic and relatively small, these markers are extensively used in an array of fundamental and applied fields of life and medical sciences. Rapid exploitation of microsatellite loci has provided biologists with a set of molecular tools with unsurpassed versatility. In the field of aquaculture, microsatellites are proven tools for the characterization of genetic stocks, broodstock selection, constructing dense linkage maps, mapping economically important quantitative traits, identifying genes responsible for these traits and application to marker-assisted breeding programmes. In this review, functional and practical applications of microsatellites are considered, with special emphasis on fish genetics and aquaculture.
Chemical Modification of Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Vesicles: A Study of Calcium Permeability

This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact pdxscholar@pdx.edu. Recommended Citation Stuart, Janice F. , "Chemical Modification of Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Vesicles: A Study of Calcium Permeability" (1989). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 1389.
Bacterial Strains and Their Cellulase Activity from the Excavated Clothes at Daedeok-gu, Daejeon

This study was aimed to isolation and identification of attached bacteria on the clothes excavated from Deajeon area dating on the 16th century. From the observation with colony shape, 17 bacterial strains were isolated, and then 7 bacterial strains were identified with morphological and biochemical characteristics. Streptococcus sp. , Alcaligenes faecalis, Gemella sp. , Acinetobacter sp. , Pseudomonas vesicularis, Aeromonas sain. salmonicida, Moraxella spp. In observation of the bacterial strains by the sort of textile, more bacterial strains were found in silk, cotton, and cotton batt than in ramie and hemp. It is suggest that hemp has antibacterial characteristics due to the presence of lignin. In the comparison washed samples with unwashed ones, there were more kinds of bacterial strains in washed samples. In the cellulase activity tests, all isolated bacteria had low level cellulase activity.
RAPID, ACCURATE ANALYSIS OF BLOOD LACTATE

Abstract : A method is described for the enzymatic analysis of blood L-lactic acid. The method is based on existing methods, but incorporates certain unique features which permit a rapid and precise analysis of a large number of samples. One of the more important features is the use of a simplified procedure for correcting the problematic drift of the unstable reaction mixture. In addition, conditions for the enzymatic activity were established which facilitate complete oxidation of lactate in 30 to 35 minutes. A comparative analysis of several blood filtrates, using the present method versus a well-known chemical method, as well as recovery analyses using the two methods, establishes the validity of the present test system.
Risk-benefit assessment of cold-smoked salmon: microbial risk versus nutritional benefit

The objective of the study is to perform an integrated analysis of microbiological risks and nutritional benefits in a fish product, Cold Smoked Salmon (CSS). Literature study identified the major health risks and benefits in connection with CSS consumption. The reduction of the risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) mortality and stroke, as well as enhanced cognitive (IQ) development of unborns following maternal intake, are identified as the main health benefits of omega-3 fatty acid from CSS. Contrary, risk of meningitis, septicemia and abortion/stillborn are identified as a major health risk endpoints due to exposure to the pathogen L. monocytogenes.
Degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca e da FND da casca de banana tratada com cal virgem

This trial aimed to evaluate the kinetics of degradation of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber from peel of banana treated with virgin lime in different levels of inclusion in natural material. The experimental design used was the completely randomized blocks with four treatments (1%, 2%, 3% and 4% of virgin lime) plus the witness and three repetitions. For testing we used three degradability steers mestizo, Holstein x Nellore, with 400 kg of body weight, neutered, properly identified and rumen cannulated. There was 69.79% potential degradability in dry matter for the banana peel treated with 4 of virgin lime. The results of the degradable fraction for neutral detergent fiber in the treatment with 4% of virgin lime were 60.26%, while, the banana peel witness presented values of degradation of 60.56%. There was an increase in the parameters of the degradability of dry matter fraction the 42.62% for 46.42% banana peel witness to the banana peel treated with 4% of quicklime. For the effective degradability in neutral detergent fiber was observed values of 23.6%7 and 22.26% respectively for the banana peel witness and treated with 4% of virgin lime.
Potential of Launea taraxacifolia (Willd) Amin Ex. C. Jeffrey for in Vitro Regeneration

This study investigated the potential of Launea taraxacifolia for in vitro regeneration. Stem and leaf explants were inoculated on full strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Leaf explants responded to all concentrations of 2,4-D used while stem explants responded to only two of the 2, 4-D concentrations suggesting that leaf explants might be a better source of explants. Leaf explants generated shoots on medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l kinetin and 0.1 mg/l 2, 4-D. This study is the first report on in vitro regeneration of Launea taraxacifolia.
Ecological and regional zoogeography of the marine benthic fauna of Chile: Report no. 49 of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948–49

The zoogeographic analysis is based on 240 species of 13 taxa, mainly the many new records from the ‘Lund University Chile Expedition 1948-49’. The purpose has been to find out whether or not the new data confirm earlier conceptions of zoogeographic regions and borders in Chilean waters. The climatic conditions at the shore and the hydrography are described. The Chilean archipelago differs from the area north thereof both in topography, climate, and hydrography. The direction and extension of the currents and the small differences in salinity and also in temperature along the shore favour a wide distribution. Except for brackish-water areas in the archipelago the salinity is high. The sea off Chile is colder than at the same latitudes in other oceans, except for southern Chile, where the sea is a little warmer than normal. The local annual range in temperature is small. The vertical and horizontal distributions of the species are illustrated in tables and maps. There are few wide-spread and endemic specie.
Age determination in turtles: Evidence of annual deposition of scute rings

1992. Beyond captive breeding: the western swamp tortoise Pseudemydura umbrinarecovery programme. Int il)Q . Yb. 31 :37-41. LAPID, R. , AND RosINZoN, B. 1997. Shell deformations in hatchling tortoises (Testudo graeca): results from X-ray radiography of mothers during pregnancy. Abstract, 3rd World Congress of Herpetology, Prague, pp. 122-123. LoYEZ, M. 1906. Recherches sur le developpement ovarien des oeufs meroblastiques a vitellus nutritif abondant. Arch. Anat. Microscop. Morph. Exp. 8:69-398. PENNINCK, D.G. , STEWART, J.S. , PAUL-MURPHY , J., AND PION, P. 1991. Ultrasonography of the Californian desert tortoise (Xerobates agassizi): anatomy and application. Vet. Radio! 32: 112-116. PwTKJN, P.T. , RoSTAL, D.C., BYLES, R.A. , AND OwENs, D.W. 1997. Reproductive and developmental synchrony in femaleLepidnchelys olivacea. J. Herpetol. 31:17-22. RosTAL, D.C., RosEcK, T.R. , OWEN, D.W. , AND KRAEMER, D.C. 1990. Ultrasound imaging of ovaries and eggs in Kemp's ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempi). J. Zoo. Wild! Med. 21:27-35. RosTAL,D.C.,LAN CE, V.A. ,GRUMBLES,J.S. ,ANDALBERTs,A.C. 1994. Seasonalreproductivecyclesofthedeserttortoise(Gophernsagassizil) in the eastern Mojave Desert. Herpetol. Monogr. 8:72-82. RosTAL, D.C., PALADINO, F.V. , PATTERSON, R.M. , AND SPOTILA, J.R. 1996. Reproductive physiology of nesting leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) at Las Baulas National Park, Costa Rica. Chelon. Conserv. Biol. 2:230-236. W ALDEYER, W . 1870. Eierstock und Ei. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, 174 pp. WEBB, G.J.W. 1997. Sustainable use of wildlife. Aust. Biologist 10:3-11.
Mathematical Modelling of the Role of Haptotaxis in Tumour Growth and Invasion

In this thesis, a number of mathematical models of haptotactic cell migration are developed. The modelling of haptotaxis is presented in two distinct parts - the ﬁrst comprises an investigation of haptotaxis in pre-necrotic avascular tumours, while the second consists of the modelling of adhesion-mediated haptotactic cell migration within tissue, with particular attention paid to the biological appropriateness of the description of cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. A model is developed that describes the eﬀects of passive and haptotactic migration on the cellular dynamics and growth of pre-necrotic avascular tumours. The model includes a description of the extracellular matrix and its eﬀect on cell migration. Questions are posed as to which cell types act as a source of the extracellular matrix, and the model is used to simulate the possible eﬀects of diﬀerent matrix sources. Simulations in one-dimensional and spherically symmetric geometry are presented, displaying familiar results such as three-phase tumour growth and tumours comprising a rim of proliferating cells surrounding a non-proliferating region. Novel eﬀects are also described such as cell population splitting and tumour shrinkage due to haptotaxis and appropriate extracellular matrix construction. The avascular tumour model is then extended to describe the internalisation of labelled cells and inert microspheres within multicell tumour spheroids. A novel model of adhesion-receptor mediated haptotactic cell migration is presented and speciﬁc applications of the model to tumour invasion processes are discussed. This model includes a more biologically realistic description of cell adhesion than has been considered in previous models of cell population haptotaxis. Through assumptions of fast kinetics, the model is simpliﬁed with the identiﬁcation of relationships between the simpliﬁed model and previous models of haptotaxis. Further simpli.cations to the model are made and travelling wave solutions of the original model are then investigated. It is noted that the generic numerical solution routine NAG D03PCF is not always appropriate for the solution of the model, and can produce oscillatory and inaccurate solutions. For this reason, a control volume numerical solver with . ux limiting is developed to provide a better method of solving the cell migration models.
Assaying the Mutagenic Potential of ELF Radiation through Reverse Mutagenesis via the Ames Test.

Abstract : The Ames test is a widely accepted, accurate method of testing for mutagenic potential. We thus hypothesized that the Ames test may provide an assay for assessing the mutagenic effects of extra low frequency (ELF) radiation (a subset of EMFs) on certain strains of Salmonella typhimurium. The strain of S-typhimurium used in the Ames test has a mutation on one gene of the histidine operon which prevents it from growing and replicating without the presence of histidine in the media. When the bacterium is exposed to a mutagen, the defective his gene mutates back to its wildtype state and the bacterium can grow without supplemental histidine. According to Ames tests performed at 1077 volt/meter/AC/E power, 4.6 Gauss AC/B strength, and 3.63 and 5.2 kilo Gauss DC/B power, EMFs appear to have no mutagenic effects on these prokaryotic cells. While it is impossible to test every strength level for all fields and permutations thereof, our tests show that these field strengths failed to demonstrate a mutagenic effect via the Ames test.
Improved callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis using amino acids and plant growth regulators combination in pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) merr. (Bromeliaceae)]

The pineapple (Smooth Cayenne) in Côte d'Ivoire is subject to many production problems whose causes are mainly of agronomic order. The revitalization of this sector requires that the smooth Cayenne be cleaned and improved. Biotechnology through its various methods has been used as a working tool. Among them, callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis were adopted in the present study. The calli induction and proliferation as well as somatic embryos formation were evaluated on the basal medium of Murashige and Skoog (MS) supplemented with Gamborg vitamins (vitamins B 5 ), 30 g/l of sucrose and solidified with 6 g/l of agar. This medium was supplemented with the polyamines glycine, glutamine and casein hydrolyzate, alone or in combination with different concentrations of growth regulators such as picloram (PIC), acid 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), kinetin (KIN) and benzylaminopurine (BAP). The results revealed that the medium MIC 7 BAP (3.0 mg/l picloram, 2.0 mg/l glycine, 1,000 mg/l glutamine and 0.05 mg/l BAP) was the best for callus induction while the medium MIE 1 (MIE, 3.0 mg/l picloram, 2.0 mg/l glycine, 1,000 mg/l glutamine and 100 mg/l casein hydrolyzate in combination with 0.05 mg/l BAP) media was identified as the most embryogenic cells induction medium (77 cells). Callogenesis and embryogenesis in smooth Cayenne were favored by the combination of amino acids in presence of growth regulators.
Dwarf elephants on Mediterranean islands : a natural experiment in parallel evolution

Mediterranean dwarf elephants represent some of the most striking examples of phyletic bodysize change observed in mammals and are emblematic of the ‘island rule’, where small mammals become larger and large mammals dwarf on islands. The repeated dwarfing of mainland elephant taxa (Palaeoloxodon antiquus and Mammuthus meridionalis) on Mediterranean islands provide a ‘natural experiment’ in parallel evolution, and a unique opportunity to investigate the causes, correlates and mechanisms of island evolution and body-size change. This thesis provides the first pan-Mediterranean study that incorporates taxonomic and allometric approaches to the evolution of dwarf elephants, establishing a framework for the investigation of parallel evolution and key morphological correlates of insular dwarfism. I show that insular dwarfism has evolved independently in Mediterranean elephants at least six times, resulting in at least seven dwarf species. These species group into three, broad size-classes: ‘smallsized’ (P. falconeri, P. cypriotes and M. creticus), ‘medium-sized’ (P. mnaidriensis and P. tiliensis) and ‘large-sized’ (Palaeoloxodon sp. nov. and ‘P. antiquus’ from Crete). Size-shape similarities between independent lineages from the east and central Mediterranean indicate that homoplasy is likely among similar-sized taxa, with implications for the existence of meta-taxa. These homoplasies appear to result from the exploitation of ontogenetic trajectories common to the Elephantidae, underpinning the evolution of small size. Interspecific allometry between dwarf and full-sized species can be seen to result from these common, but grade-shifted ontogenetic trajectories, and this may also be true of broader macroevolutionary trends in the Proboscidea. These size-related grade-shifts suggest that similar, but increasingly extreme, modifications of pre-natal development underpin the evolution of insular dwarfism in elephants. By incorporating research into the morphology and ontogeny of teeth and post-crania in fullsized extant and extinct elephants, this thesis provides new insights into insular dwarfism, elephant systematics and elephant functional morphology and adaptation.
Monitoring Implementation and Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies: Steps to Develop Performance Indicators

Implementation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mitigation policies and actions can be enhanced through the use of indicators as part of regular monitoring. Indicators are specific, measurable metrics to demonstrate progress that occurs as a result of policy implementation. This working paper provides guidance for developing indicators that can assist policymakers and other stakeholders seeking to enhance the implementation of climate mitigation policies. The paper builds on the GHG Protocol Policy and Action Standard and the Climate Policy Implementation Tracking Framework.
Development And Evaluation Of Plga-S-S-Peg Micelles Coencapsulating Curcumin Difluorinated And Paclitaxel For Synergistic Therapeutic Efficacy

ABSTRACT DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF PLGA-S-S-PEG MICELLES COENCAPSULATING CURCUMIN DIFLUORINATED AND PACLITAXEL FOR SYNERGISTIC THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY by LAKSHMI DEEPIKA CHEEMALAKONDA August 2014 Advisor: Dr. Joshua Reineke Major: Pharmaceutical Sciences Degree: Master of Science Solid tumors like pancreatic tumor has unique property of forming a dense desmoplastic layer around the tumor cells making it difficult for the drug to transport across this layer. Multi drug resistance is also one of the major limitation of chemotherapy. Therefore the aim of this project was to make PLGA-SS-PEG micelles encapsulating CDF and paclitaxel for synergistic cancer therapy. CDF was found to have 16-fold better half-life when compared to curcumin maintaining equivalent bioactivity. Since CDF has chemosensitizing property we tested this by incorporating CDF and paclitaxel in same formulation and tested their synergy on BXPC3 pancreatic cancer cell line and SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line that is paclitaxel resistant. Here we utilized a number of techniques including incorporation of PEG surface molecules thereby avoiding uptake by monophagocytic system and cysteine protease liable conjugation of PEG to the micelles making CDF and paclitaxel release specific to tumor tissue by enhanced permeation and retention effect. All the micelle formulations were below 200 nm size range. Our drug release study proved that these micelles undergo a fast sheddable process upon encountering the reduction sensitive condition like higher glutathione (GSH) levels. Cell cytotoxicity studies revealed the copolymer has good biocompatibility and self-assembled micelles showed drug loading of around 9 % for both the drugs and they released the drug quantitatively in response to the level of GSH. The synergistic effect was studied by Chou-Talalay method. There was a time and concentration dependent cell killing. Maximum synergy was observed at 72 h time point for BXPC3 cells and SKOV3 cells at 72 h time point with PLGA-S-S-PEG micelles coencapsulating both CDF and paclitaxel. The micelle formulation has higher synergy than compared to free drug combination in both cell lines at 72 hour time point. Overall IC50 values of both CDF and paclitaxel were reduced when used in combination. Based on the results of our study it indicates that these micelles have a potential promote tumor penetration because of smaller size, prolonged circulation and EPR effect and release the drug specifically in tumor cells upon exposure to highly reductive environment. Since these micelles incorporated two drugs they will be efficient for chemotherapy in multi drug resistant tumors.
MOLECULAR AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana BERTONI) LEAF EXTRACTS FOR ANTI-BACTERIAL AND ANTI-MUTAGENIC ACTIVITIES

The purpose of the study is to assess the anti-bacterial and anti-mutagenic activities of Stevia rebaudiana leaf extracts on some pathogenic bacteria. Two extracts had been tested which prepared by two different solvents. Acetone extract was more effective as anti-bacterial than ethyl alcohol extract. Acetone extract showed high activity against Gram-positive bacteria which recorded (20 mm) while it recorded (18 mm) against Gram-negative bacteria. The study enhanced the antibacterial activity of Stevia rebaudiana leaf extracts using different solvents. The effectiveness of stevia extract as anti-mutagenic agent on Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also evaluated. The results of induction of prophage F116 from P. aeruginosa after treated with different concentrations from each stevia extracts with ascorbic acid as negative control showed that stevia extract has no mutagenic activity on the tested bacteria. Moreover, the concentrations of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) when used as positive control showed a mutagenic effect. However, 100 mg/ml of stevia extract had reduced mutagenic activity of EMS. This finding suggested that stevia leaf extract may be playing a remarkable role in anti-mutagenic response. Susceptibility of the bacterial strain to exposure to different mutagenic and non-mutagenic agents has been assessed by analysis the variation of protein profile banding pattern (SDS-PAGE). The comparison between banding pattern when bacteria treated with each of stevia leaf extract, ascorbic acid and EMS, demonstrated that concentration 100 mg/ml of stevia leaf extract had significant effect to reduce the effect of the EMS as mutagenic agent in bacteria. Results from this study suggest that natural products like stevia leaf extract could be as an effective agent reducing the effect of the mutagenic agents. In addition to the antimicrobial properties which can be applied in the medical field that requires further studies and development.
Double Dengue Serotypes in Asymptomatic Populations Living in An Area of Thailand Endemic for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

Dengue virus infection remains a major health problem worldwide. Understanding dengue infection and characterizing circulating viruses are essential for disease prevention and control as well as vaccine development. In this study, we aimed to identify dengue virus in healthy people living in an area endemic for dengue disease. Blood samples were collected from 52 healthy local subjects living in a dengue-endemic area of Thailand. Viral RNA was detected using a nested reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR) that amplified the E gene. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method using MEGA6.06. Dengue virus was detected in 5 of 52 samples (9.62%). Double dengue virus infection (Den 1&4 and Den 3&4) was found in two samples. Sequence analysis of the viruses showed that dengue serotype 1 belonged to sylvatic genotype. A mix of genotype I and II was found in a dengue serotype 3 sample while all dengue virus serotype 4 in this study belonged to genotype II. These preliminary results may provide better understanding of dengue infection and viral transmission between populations and mosquitoes. Therefore, it could be used for epidemiological studies and control of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the future.