Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermo-Economic Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery ORC Using Zeotropic Mixtures

AbstractOrganic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been examined as an effective way to recovery waste heat from industrial manufacture. The effects of internal heat exchanger (IHE) and superheat degree on the thermoeconomic performance of ORC are presented in this paper. Zeotropic mixtures are employed in the simulation and six indicators are used to evaluate the system performance, as follows: (1) net power output, (2) thermal efficiency, (3) exergy efficiency, (4) cost per net power output (CPNPO), (5) area of the heat changers per net power output (APNPO), and (6) energy saving and emission reduction performance (ESERP). The results indicate that the more volatile pure component has a higher increasing rate of net power output when IHE is equipped. The IHE has a greater impact on thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of the ORC with zeotropic mixtures than that of the ORC with pure fluid. For the ORC with both mixtures and pure component, the rising superheat degree results to the decline of the net power out.
On The Selection of Discrete Grid Systems for On-Board Micro-based Weather Routeing

The purpose of this paper is to show the effect of incorporating various discrete grid systems in a micro-based, ship weather-routeing system, which employs Bellman's dynamic programming algorithm, and either a cost-objective or time-objective performance measure. A simple ship speed and power function is utilized, in the cost computation. The calculation of the least-cost/least-time route is briefly described, but it is the derivation of the discrete grids and their influence on the route decisions that forms the paper's emphasis. The measure of cost within this paper is necessarily notional.
The experience of an emergency intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective cohort study

Aim: The availability of an intensive care unit in the emergency departments (EDICU) is one of the most important issues discussed recently in terms of increasing the quality of emergency patient care. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and factors affecting the mortality in patients with COVID-19. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in EDICU. Patients were divided into mortality and survival groups, and the clinical characteristics of these groups were compared. Results: A total of 38 patients were included;47.4% (n = 18) were in the survival group. Oxygen saturation level was significantly different between the mortality and survival groups [78.0% (63.7-83.0) vs 88.5% (81.5-93.2), p = 0.001]. Patients in the mortality group had higher plasma levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate, ferritin and D-dimer. Univariate regression analysis showed that oxygen saturation, LDH, CRP and endotracheal intubation (ETI) were significant markers in predicting mortality (p = 0.011, p = 0.035, p <0.001, respectively). A CRP level ≥ 91.9 mg/L predicts mortality with a sensitivity of 66.6% and a specificity of 80.0% (AUC: 0.781, 95% CI: 0.617-0,898). Discussion: This study showed that oxygen saturation, ETI, LDH and CRP levels were significantly successful in predicting mortality. Therefore, early administration of antibiotherapy and timely use of ETI may increase the quality of patient care.
Application of binocular vision probe on measurement of highly reflective metallic surface

Reverse engineering of free-form surfaces is one of the most challenging technologies in advanced manufacturing. With the development of industry more and more sculptured surfaces, such as molds and turbine blades, are required to measure quickly and accurately. Optical non-contact probes possess many advantages, such as high speed, no measuring force, in comparison with contact ones. The ability of stereo vision probe with CCD cameras in gathering a large amount of information simultaneously makes it the most popularly used one in sculptured surface measurements. So a non-contact measurement system is built which consists of CMM and a vision probe with many techniques. It distinguishes itself by high efficiency, high accuracy and reliability, as well as applicability for on-line measurement of complicated sculptured surfaces. With a virtual 3D target in form of a grid plate, all the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of CCD camera including the uncertainty of image scale factor and optical center of camera can be readily calibrated. Through measuring cylindrical section and surface of gauge block, this system is viable to measure free-form surface and high-reflective metallic surface.
Physical Drivers: Synthesis of Evolutionary Developments and Force‐Driven Design

Primarily admired as feats of engineering, tension-driven material systems are notoriously difficult for architects to employ. Though the shape and structural capacity of these systems are defined by the imposition of force, they do not follow predictable geometric or mathematical patterns. In this article, Sean Ahlquist and Achim Menges present their research into force-driven material systems, and explain the development of an architectural design framework that allows for these complex material interdependencies to be not only resolved, but also explored as multiple possible equilibrium states. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influences of PWM mode on the current generated by BEMF of switch-off phase in control system of BLDC motor

In the control system of brushless DC (BLDC) motors, different PWM modes have different influences on the pulsating current generated by the BEMF (back electromotive force) of the switch-off phase, which may produce commutation error in the commutation control and reduce the reliability and the stability of the control system. This paper analyzes the generating theory of BEMF current and selects the best PWM mode to minimize its influence on the commutation control in five given types. Simulation and experimental results prove that the selection is correct and practical.
A surface‐potential‐based MOSFET compact model accounting for random doping fluctuations

We present a compact, surface‐potential‐based modeling approach for deeply scaled digital or radio‐frequency metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor able to account for random doping fluctuations in the device channel. Random dopant fluctuations are one of the primary causes for device variability in nanometer‐scale components. The present approach is based on the Green's function formulation of the device external electrical parameters (such as the output current) small‐change sensitivity to distributed, space‐dependent doping variations in the channel; furthermore, the methodology is used also to assess the small‐signal device parameter variations within the limits of a quasi‐static description. The present approach allows for an efficient circuit‐level sensitivity analysis and has been applied to the PSP compact model through a Verilog‐A code implemented within the ADVANCED DESIGN SYSTEM (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, U.S.A.) simulator. Examples are provided to show that the model predictions are in good agreement with far more time‐consuming simulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of a broadband microstrip crossover for ultra‐wideband applications

This article presents the investigations of ultra‐wideband microstrip crossover. In the design procedure, the equivalent circuit of microstrip crossover is used. To improve parameters of the investigated structure, two configurations of compensating circuits are designed and examined. The numerical results are experimentally verified. A good agreement between simulation results and measured ones is obtained. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1100–1104, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25146
Hydrostatic Stress and Triaxiality Factors in a Lotus Root Cross Section

Engineers often use nature as an inspiration for generating designs. Plants have optimised their structures over millions of years of evolution. A lotus root, rhizome of Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn having gas canals was studied in the paper. The lotus root cross section subjected to an external water pressure was analysed and compared with other cross sections including a circular hollow cross section. It was found that the lotus root cross section has more areas containing higher triaxiality factors due to the holes. The hydrostatic stress in the lotus root cross section varies from zero to several times that of the external water pressure. However, the hydrostatic stress in a circular hollow cross section has a constant ratio to the external pressure. The research results show that engineering components with designed multi-holes can affect its failure behaviour. The structure of lotus root may be adopted in the design of engineering materials and structures.
Home Modifications and Products for Safety and Ease of Use

This booklet suggests numerous modifications and products that can help when one’s abilities or physical conditions change. Most of the suggestions address mild- to moderate level problems, which are more typical than severe ones. For example, more suggestions apply to low vision than to total blindness, more to hearing impairment than to profound deafness.
Stochastic and fuzzy workload plans in project tactical planning under uncertainty.

Dealing with uncertainties in multi-project rough-cut capacity planning is the topic of this paper. Both fuzzy sets and probabilities are used to model uncertainties, within possibilistic and stochastic approaches, respectively. We refer to these problems as the Fuzzy Rough Cut Capacity Planning (FRCCP) and the Stochastic Rough Cut Capacity Planning (SRCCP). Uncertain workload is modeled with fuzzy and stochastic distributions, and a Simulated Annealing procedure is provided to solve the fuzzy and stochastic problems within a proactive approach. The performance of the Simulated annealing algorithm is studied in comparison to existing deterministic algorithms that we have generalized to fuzzy and stochastic parameters. Instances from shipyard maintenance center are considered to perform experiments.
ATG16L2 overexpression is associated with a good prognosis in colorectal cancer.

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly aggressive, high-incidence malignancy. Several biomarkers associated with the prognosis and metastasis of CRC have been identified. Our study aimed to evaluate the value of ATG16L2 protein as a new biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with CRC. Methods One hundred and fifty-two pairs of paraffin-embedded tissue samples and 19 fresh tissue samples were collected from the Department of Pathology of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. All the patients had undergone surgery in the hospital's Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery between 2013 and 2014. The samples were arranged on two tissue microarrays of normal (n=152) and tumor (n=152) tissue. The tissues were immunostained and graded as low (<50%) or high (≥50%) according to the proportion of ATG16L2-positive cells. An overexpression plasmid was constructed and transfected into RKO cells, and the cell proliferation and migration ability were detected. Finally, Flag-ATG16L2 RKO cells subcutaneous injection into the skin of BALB/c nude mice to determine the effects of ATG16L2 on the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumors. Results ATG16L2 expression was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05) and tumor-node-metastasis stage (P<0.05). High ATG16L2 expression in tumor tissues was related to a good prognosis, with patients with a high expression of ATG16L2 displaying longer overall survival. In vitro, overexpression of ATG16L2 in a CRC cell line RKO cell led to a decrease in cell proliferation but had no obvious influence on cell migration. In vivo, the mice in the Flag-NC (as control) group exhibited faster tumor growth than those in the experiment group. Conclusions ATG16L2 expression is positively associated with patient prognosis in CRC. Further, ATG16L2 can negatively affect CRC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
Prediction of far-field acoustic emissions from cavitation clouds during shock wave lithotripsy for development of a clinical device

This study presents the key simulation and decision stage of a multi-disciplinary project to develop a hospital device for monitoring the effectiveness of kidney stone fragmentation by shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). The device analyses, in real time, the pressure fields detected by sensors placed on the patient's torso, fields generated by the interaction of the incident shock wave, cavitation, kidney stone and soft tissue. Earlier free-Lagrange simulations of those interactions were restricted (by limited computational resources) to computational domains within a few centimetres of the stone. Later studies estimated the far-field pressures generated when those interactions involved only single bubbles. This study extends the free-Lagrange method to quantify the bubble–bubble interaction as a function of their separation. This, in turn, allowed identification of the validity of using a model of non-interacting bubbles to obtain estimations of the far-field pressures from 1000 bubbles distributed within the focus of the SWL field. Up to this point in the multi-disciplinary project, the design of the clinical device had been led by the simulations. This study records the decision point when the project's direction had to be led by far more costly clinical trials instead of the relatively inexpensive simulations.
3D-Printed Hydrogel Technologies for Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves

Abstract Presented here is an overview of a 3D bioprinting approach that generates complex 3D geometry tissue constructs using extrudable materials and encapsulated cells based on native aortic valve tissue heterogeneity. As a fabrication strategy 3D printing overcomes the geometric limitations associated with classical heart valve tissue engineering scaffold assembly strategies. Experiments were conducted to establish photoencapsulation and fabrication parameter ranges tolerated by valve and mesenchymal stem cells, thereby enabling direct cell–hydrogel printing with optimal capacity for geometric control. Additionally, a dynamic conditioning system was designed specifically for the culture of 3D bioprinted valves. These studies indicate that bioprinted valves with encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells can be produced with high viability for the purposes of a tissue-engineered heart valve or with primary aortic valve cells for the purpose of in vitro testing and mechanistic studies.
Comparative Study of Wet and Dry Systems using EEG-based Convolution Neural Network

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a communication tool between humans and systems using electroencephalography (EEG) to predict certain cognitive state aspects, such as attention or emotion. For brainwave recording, there are many types of acquisition devices created for different purposes. The wet system conducts the recording with electrode gel and can obtain high-quality brainwave signals, while the dry system expressly proposes the practical and ease of use. In this paper, we study a comparative study of wet and dry systems using two cognitive tasks: attention and music-emotion. The 3-back task is used as an assessment to measure attention and working memory in attention studies. Comparatively, the music-emotion experiments are used to predict the emotion according to the subject's questionnaires. Our analysis shows the similarities and differences between dry and wet electrodes by calculating the statistical values and frequency bands. Besides, we further study the relative characteristics by conducting the classification experiments. We proposed the end-to-end models of EEG classification, which are constructed by combining EEG-based feature extractors and classification networks. A deep convolution neural network (Deep ConvNet) and a shallow convolution neural network (Shallow ConvNet) were applied as the feature extractor of temporal and spatial filtering from raw EEG signals. The extracted feature is then forwardly conveyed to a long short-term memory ( LSTM ) to learn the dependencies of convolved features and classify attention states or emotional states. Additionally, transfer learning was utilized to improve the performance of the dry system by using transferred knowledge from the wet system. We applied the model not only on our dataset but also on the existing dataset to verify the model performance compared with the baseline techniques and the-state-of-the-art models. Using our proposed model, the result shows the significant differences between accuracy and chance level in attention classification (92.0%, S.D. 6.8%) and SEED dataset's emotion classification (75.3%, S.D. 9.3%).
Model-Based Pulse Frequency Control for Micro-EDM Milling Using Real-Time Discharge Pulse Monitoring

Because electrode wear in microelectrical discharge machining significantly deteriorates the machining accuracy, the electrode wear must be compensated in process to improve the geometric accuracy of the product. Therefore, there has been a substantial amount of research on electrode wear and the compensation for EDM processes. In this study, a novel control method for a micro-EDM process using discharge pulse counting is proposed. The method is based on the proportional relationship between the removed workpiece volume and the number of discharge pulses. A model-based control was designed using the relationship between the pulse frequency and gap distance, and implemented in an actual micro-EDM system. Experimental results demonstrated that the developed method makes two- and three-dimensional micro-EDM milling processes fast and accurate without complex path planning to compensate electrode wear.
DSP-based digital control of a PWM inverter for sine wave tracking by optimal state feedback technique

This paper proposes a fully digital control scheme for the closed-loop regulation of a single-phase PWM inverter used to synthesize a sinusoidal waveform even under large load variation. An accurate sampled-data model of the PWM inverter considering the sensor dynamics has been derived. The optimal state feedback gains of the proposed digital controller are determined by fitting a specified step response through the steepest descent method. The gating signals of the switching devices are computed at every sampling instant by instantaneous feedback of the inductor current and output voltage. The design procedure of the proposed digital controller and its software realization have been described in detail. Moreover, a DSP-based (TMS320C14) fully digitally controlled PWM inverter has been constructed to verify the proposed control scheme. The simulation and experimental results show that satisfactory results can still be obtained even at low sampling frequency. <<ETX>>
Interoperability of PDC with GSM

Currently many countries employ GSM as their cellular systems. In Japan, a PDC cellular system has been introduced. The number of PDC users is increasing significantly, and some PDC users need to roam to a GSM network and vice versa. However, there are some technical incompatibilities between PDC and GSM. Deployment of an IWF (interworking function), which mainly deals with PDC MAP/GSM MAP protocol conversion, would enable roaming between PDC and GSM. Major technical study issues include mobility management, security management and so on. Smart card roaming is regarded as a feasible solution under the different air interfaces. This paper concludes that roaming between PDC and GSM is possible, and will bring great benefit to users.
Effect of the Clearance between Two Bodies on TSTO Aerodynamic Heating

TSTO (Two Stage To Orbit) is a candidate for advanced space transportation system, which is required to fly over a wide region from subsonic to hypersonic speed with an orbiter connected with a booster. The hypersonic flow field with aerodynamic interaction around a TSTO model, which consists of a delta wing as a booster and a hemisphere-cylinder as an orbiter, has been investigated. The temperature distribution is measured by the Temperature Sensitive Paint (TSP) method, and the heat flux with thermo-couples. As a result, the flow field has been significantly affected by the clearance between the two bodies. In the case of a small clearance, heat flux on the head of the hemisphere-cylinder becomes about 3.1 times as large as the stagnation heat flux for the hemisphere-cylinder alone. On the other hand, at a large clearance, heat flux on the delta wing becomes about 1.1 times as large as the stagnation heat flux. In addition, a new thermal protection system (TPS) to reduce the aerodynamic heating due to shock/shock interaction and shock/boundary-layer interaction is also investigated in this paper. A triangular prism installed on the delta wing can change the aerodynamic heating, depending on its location. It was found that a small device installed upstream is effective, where the heat flux has been reduced by about 48%.
Increased Inclusion of Dietary Methionine Sources Improves Pork Quality in Association with the Regulation of Energy and Protein Metabolism and Muscle’s Fiber Profile

Background Intensive selection for faster growth rate and higher lean percentage led to increase in protein deposition but deterioration in meat quality of pigs, thus there is growing interest in exploring the nutritional strategies to improve meat quality. Methionine has been shown to activate mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 protein kinase that plays pivotal roles in the regulation of protein and lipid synthesis. However, few study reports are available regarding the effects of dietary methionine supplementation at levels beyond growth requirements on lipid and protein metabolism and thus on pork quality. The objective of this study was to assess whether pork quality was improved by increasing dietary digestible sulfur amino acids (SAA) levels, with pigs fed the control (100% SAA), DL-Methionine (125% SAA)- or OH-Methionine (125% SAA)-supplemented diets during 11–110 kg period. Results Increasing SAA above requirements did not significantly affect growth performance, whereas improved pork quality as indicated by the decreased drip loss and a tendency towards decrease in shear force of longissimus lumborum muscle. Moreover, fresh muscle from barrows fed OH-Methionine showed a higher lightness value compared with the control and DL-Methionine treatments. The relatively lower shear force might be explained by the decrease in crude protein and increase in glycolytic potential, while the decreased drip loss was associated with down-regulation of genes (like fast glycolytic IIx) regulating fiber types. The increased lightness value of fresh muscle from barrows fed OH-Met diets appeared to be associated with the increased lactate level, which can be further explained by the increased plasma short-chain fatty acids concentrations, up-regulated G-protein coupled receptor 43 activation and enhanced glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion. Conclusion Increased SAA consumption appeared to improve pork water-holding capacity and tenderness likely through regulation of energy and protein metabolism and muscle’s fiber profile, which provides new insights into the nutritional strategies to improve meat quality.