Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Speaker Pruning Method for Real-Time Speaker Identification System

It has been known that GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model) based speaker identification systems using ML (Maximum Likelihood) and WMR (Weighting Model Rank) demonstrate very high performances. However, such systems are not so effective under practical environments, in terms of real time processing, because of their high calculation costs. In this paper, we propose a new speaker-pruning algorithm that effectively reduces the calculation cost. In this algorithm, we select 20% of speaker models having higher likelihood with a part of input speech and apply MWMR (Modified Weighted Model Rank) to these selected speaker models to find out identified speaker. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we performed speaker identification experiments using TIMIT database. The proposed method shows more than 60% improvement of reduced processing time than the conventional GMM based system with no pruning, while maintaining the recognition accuracy.
Endoscopic Cannulation of the Ampulla of Vater

We cannulated the ampulla of Vater using a fiberduodenoscope in combination with X-ray television fluoroscopy while the patient was under general anesthesia. We attempted cannulation in 13 cases in which we observed the ampulla of Vater. We succeeded in examiningnine of them and contrasted the pancreatic duct and the bile duct. In three of these pancreatography was performed successfully and in the other six we defined both the pancreatic duct and the bile duct. In all of these cases, stones were found in the bileduct system and cannulation of the ampulla of Vater was easily performed. After pancreatography, an increase in serum amylase was noted in five cases, which returned to normal between five and seven days after examination. No incidence of pancreatitis was noted. Thus, we performed a direct X-ray examination of the pancreas by means of endoscopic pancreatography and cholangiography. This enable us to detect cancer of the pancreas in its early stage, which has presented a diagnostic challenge for a long time.
Evaluation of Parasitic Contamination of Drinking Water Sources in the Rural Areas of Dekina Local Government Area, Kogi State, Nigeria

Background: Waterborne and sanitation-related infections are one of the major contributors to diseases burden and mortality in the world with children and poor individuals in rural areas being the most affected. Different parasitic diseases such as giardiasis, toxoplasmodiasis, amoebiasis, cryptosporidiosis have been associated with contaminated drinking water. In this study, a survey on the parasitic contamination of drinking water sources was carried out in Anyigba and Iyale of Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria, to evaluate the level of contamination of water sources and their public health implications. Materials and Methods: Water samples were collected from five sample streams in the selected communities. The water samples were examined for parasites using formal saline concentration method. A drop of sediment obtained after centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 6 minutes was placed on a clean glass slide and viewed under the microscope at x10 and x40 objectives. The parasites were identified using the standard keys of Cheesbrough (2006). Results: A total of twelve waterborne parasites were observed in the water samples collected from the five streams with an overall prevalence of 15.6%. The individual prevalence of these parasites were 4.4% (Entamoeba species), 4.0% (Schistosoma haematobium), 2.6% (Giardia duodenale), 1.6% (Diphyllobothrium latum), 1.6% (Strongyloides stercoralis), 1.6% (Gastrodiscoides hominis), 1.2% (Trichuris trichiura), 1.2% (Taenia species), 0.8% (Ascaris lumbricoides), 0.8% (Hook worm), 0.8% (Isospora rivolta) and 0.4% (Hymenolepis diminuta). The prevalence of the parasites in the streams were 24.0% (Abujalake), 16.0% (Ajidam and Oganaji), 12.0% (Ajieko) and 10.0% (Ajietito).
A Study of Depression among Caregivers of Individuals with Intellectual Disability – A cross sectional study

Background and Objectives: Caregivers of children with intellectually disability experiences high level of emotional, financial and physical stress. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of depression among caregivers of individuals with intellectually disability. Methods: A cross sectional study was done on caregivers of intellectually disabled individuals who has attended Psychiatry outpatient, Department of Government Medical College. 60 patients diagnosed with ID were included by systematic random sampling method. Objective data was collected in a special proforma. Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess risk of depression among caregivers of Individuals with Intellectually Disabled. MS Excel sheet and SPSS were used for data entering and statistical analysis. Results: On PHQ-9 scale, 71.7% of caregivers had depression out of which, 26.6% shows minimal symptoms of depression, 20% had mild depression, while 13.4% had moderately severe depression and 11.6 % had major severe depression while 28.3% of caregivers had no depression. Depression was more common in females (36.6%) than males (35%). Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among caregivers of Individual with intellectually disabled was higher in this study. The risk of depression was higher in female caregivers as compared to male caregivers.
Health promotion : mobilizing strengths to enhance health, wellness, and well-being

Section 1: The Human Strengths Approach Overview Of The Human Strengths Approach The Theory of Healthiness Principles For Application To Nursing Practice Section 2: Human Strengths As Healthiness Resources Purpose: Meaning Purpose: Goals Purpose: Connections Power: Choice Power: Challenge Power: Confidence Power: Control Power: Capacity Power: Capability Section 3: Outcomes Of Healthiness Outcomes of Healthiness.
Hough Transform Application to Digitize Rectangular Spatial Objects on Aerospace Imagery

The paper describes the method of development for the remote sensing data processing to speed up the digitizing workflow. The method is designed to digitize rectangular objects using their approximate spatial positions and provides an automatic estimation of the orientation and aspect ratio. The paper contains a formal statement of the problem of digitizing an object with the desired geometric shape using it’s apriori known spatial position on a source image. The method creates polygonal representations of rectangular spatial objects from one or a few reference points set by an operator. It is based on source image’s pixels clustering using spectral bands as a feature space. The following Hough transform incorporates local direction of intensity gradient to estimate object’s orientation and reduce computational complexity together with low-pass filtering within an accumulation process to improve robustness. It is shown that the developed method can be modified to digitize objects of any analytically described shape. The method is designed to allow easy user interaction without any significant delays and to provide transparent and predictable control of an output object’s polygon size. To investigate the developed method a test dataset with more than 700 rectangular objects was used. The root-mean-square error of object’s points positioning, mean rotation error in polar coordinates and a Jaccard index were used to measure a precision of the digitized objects. The experiment results demonstrate that digitizing workflow is accelerated by 25–40% using the software implementing the developed method without a significant precision loss.
Pipe flow behaviour of hardwood pulp suspensions studied by NMRI

En se servant de la methode de formation d'images par resonance magnetique nucleaire (RMN), on a etudie dans un tuyau circulaire horizontal le comportement en ecoulement de suspensions de pâtes kraft de feuillus ayant des concentrations fibreuses variant entre 0,5 et 0,92 (% masse) et une vitesse d'ecoulement atteignant 3 m/s. On a ainsi visualise directement les profils de vitesse axiale des suspensions de pâte soumises a un ecoulement constant sous l'effet d'une pression. On a observe une transition allant d'un ecoulement piston constant a un ecoulement turbulent integral a travers un regime d'ecoulement mixte donnant lieu a un noyau constant dans les zones axiales et ce pour toutes les suspensions de pâte etudiees. Les images obtenues pour une vitesse d'ecoulement elevee avec differents parametres temporels d'acquisition des signaux ont montre que la fluidisation des suspensions de pâte est un procede dynamique et que le reseau fibreux dans la suspension de pâte en ecoulement est soumis a un procede de formation et de rupture resersible. La fraction volumique de la suspension de pâte fluidisee est reliee lineairement au taux moyen d'ecoulement a volume eleve. La fluidisation de la suspension de pâte en ecoulement dans un tuyau et le taux d'ecoulement minimal necessaire a l'amorce de la fluidisation sont clairement dependants de la consistance des fibres.
Improving listening skills in language learning with spaced repetition technique

Listening comprehension is one of the hardest skills for many people to develop in language learning. Developing listening skills is a long, slow and painful process for them. Nevertheless, we can signiﬁcantly increase it with spaced repetition technique. This article is about using the spacing eﬀect for improving listening skills. The user extracts fragments from some video and repeats them later with increasing intervals. We created the application that automates and simpliﬁes this process.
Sentiment Classification of Portuguese News Headlines

This paper addresses the problem of classifying news headlines into sentiment categories. Using a supervised approach, we train a classifier for classify ing each news headline as positive, negative, or neutral. A news headline is considered positive if it is associated with good things, negative if it is associated with bad things, and neutral in the remaining cases. The experiments show an accuracy that ranges from 59.00% to 63.50% when syntactic features (argument1-verb-argument2 relations) are combined with other features. The accuracy ranges from 57.50% to 62.5% when these relations are not used.
Rule‐Based Anomaly Detection Technique Using Roaming Honeypots for Wireless Sensor Networks

Because the nodes in a wireless sensor network (WSN) are mobile and the network is highly dynamic, monitoring every node at all times is impractical. As a result, an intruder can attack the network easily, thus impairing the system. Hence, detecting anomalies in the network is very essential for handling efficient and safe communication. To overcome these issues, in this paper, we propose a rule‐based anomaly detection technique using roaming honeypots. Initially, the honeypots are deployed in such a way that all nodes in the network are covered by at least one honeypot. Honeypots check every new connection by letting the centralized administrator collect the information regarding the new connection by slowing down the communication with the new node. Certain pre‐defined rules are applied on the new node to make a decision regarding the anomality of the node. When the timer value of each honeypot expires, other sensor nodes are appointed as honeypots. Owing to this honeypot rotation, the intruder will not be able to track a honeypot to impair the network. Simulation results show that this technique can efficiently handle the anomaly detection in a WSN.
Naturalistic word learning in a second language

We investigated to what extent second language (L2) word learning in spoken interaction takes place when learners are unaware of taking part in a language learning study. Using a novel paradigm, German learners of Dutch were led to believe that the study concerned judging the price of objects. Dutch target words (object names) were selected individually such that these words were unknown to the respective participant. Then, in a dialogue-like task with the experimenter, the participants were first exposed to and then tested on the target words. In comparison to a no-input control group, we observed a clear learning effect especially from the first two exposures, and better learning for cognates than for non-cognates, but no modulating effect of the exposure-production lag. Moreover, some of the acquired knowledge persisted over a six-month period. This study provides a new and effective paradigm for approximating naturalistic, interactive L2 vocabulary learning in the lab.
Jiegenfang, Tianyuan, and Daishu : Algebra in Qing China

L'algebre occidental fut transmis a la Chine a la fin du 17e siecle, ou il fut accepte par certains mathematiciens. A cette epoque, on l'appelait 'Jiegenfang'. Apres la decouverte des methodes traditionnelles 'Tianyuan' et 'Siyuan', le 'Jiegenfang' fut abandonne par la plupart des mathematiciens. En 1859, le travail d'Auguste de Morgan fut traduit en chinois et le terme 'algebre' devint 'daishu'. Les mathematiciens chinois se familiariserent rapidement avec l'algebre symbolique et decouvrirent ses avantages. Dans cet article, en se basant sur une grande variete de sources, l'auteur analyse les facteurs internes qui ont pu contribuer au changement d'attitude des Chinois envers l'algebre et les methodes 'Tianyuan'.
Eyes closed or Eyes open? Exploring the alpha desynchronization hypothesis in resting state functional connectivity networks with intracranial EEG

This paper addresses a fundamental question, are eyes closed and eyes open resting states equivalent baseline conditions, or do they have consistently different electrophysiological signatures? We compare the functional connectivity patterns in an eyes closed resting state with an eyes open resting state, and show that functional connectivity in the alpha band decreases in the eyes open condition compared to eyes closed. This "alpha desynchronization " or reduction in the number of connections from eyes closed to eyes open, is here, for the first time, studied with intracranial recordings. We provide two calculations of the wiring cost, local and mesoscopic, defined in terms of the distance between the electrodes and the likelihood that they are functionally connected. We find that, in agreement with the "alpha desynchronization" hypothesis, the local wiring cost decreases going from eyes closed to eyes open. However, when the wiring cost calculation takes into account the connectivity pattern, the wiring cost variation from eyes closed to eyes open is not as consistent and shows regional specificity. The wiring cost measure defined here, provides a new avenue for understanding the electrophysiology of resting state.
Early and aggressive treatment of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: deciphering recent clinical trials and the timing of optimal platelet inhibition

In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), early and effective revascularization is vital to an improved outcome. This not only involves enhancing blood flow through the infarct-related epicardial vessel, but also the restoring of perfusion to the myocardial tissue as it has been strongly linked to clinical outcome. Platelets hold a pivotal position in the distal embolization in patients with STEMI, particularly those who are managed with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and therefore provide robust rationale to include intense inhibition of their management. Recent clinical studies focusing on STEMI and subanalyses from larger ACS trials reflecting contemporary practice including newer and higher-dose oral agents along with GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors, have painted a mixed picture as to the optimal treatment regimen. Together with dosing, timing of administration could be critical in determining the proper strategy as earlier administration may facilitate more rapid perfusion and ultimately reduce adverse events.
Review on FI Mining Algorithms

Frequent pattern mining is the extraction of interested collection of items from dataset. Frequent itemset(FI) is used for achieving the collection of items according to user’s requirement. The researchers have proposed various algorithms like Apriori, Eclat, RElim, SaM etc. In this paper, we are presenting depth analysis of mining algorithms and discuss some problems associated with these algorithms in transactional databases based on vertical, horizontal and hybrid layout. Keywords— Data Mining, Frequent Item Set Mining, Relim, Support
A new receiver adaptation method for congestion control in layered multicast transmissions

The paper focuses on a congestion control algorithm to be used in receiver adaptation for layered multicast transmissions. Its main benefit is to allow multimedia transmissions in heterogeneous environments, such as the Internet, providing access to receivers with different bandwidths and adapting automatically to the network's capacity. The proposed algorithm is called ALM (adaptive layered multicast), and the adaptation occurs at the receiver side, ensuring great simplicity for the system, as the only responsibility of the transmitter is to send data in different layers (multicast groups), without any need of confirmation or response from the receivers. The internal elements of the network do not need any modification, and the protocol runs over today's Internet. To validate the method the ns2 software (see VINT Project - Virtual InterNetwork Testbed, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/vint, 2001) was used, with modifications where required. Various simulations were undertaken to prove the algorithm's functionality using tail drop and RED discarding policies, with CBR and exponential traffic types. An implementation is in progress, and the simulation results are compared with the ones obtained in a real controlled environment.
Onder De Groene Linde: 163 Verhalende Liederen Uit De Mondelinge Overlevering Opgenomen Door Ate Doornbosch E.A

Onder de Groene Linde: 163 verhalende liederen uit de mondelinge overlevering opgenomen door Ate Doornbosch e.a (Under the Green Linden: 163 Dutch Ballads from the Oral Tradition Recorded by Ate Doornbosch et al.) Ed. by Louis Peter Grijp and Ineke van Beersum. Box set comprising book, 9 CDs, and 1 DVD. Meertens Instituut and Music & Words MWCD4900, 2008. The substantial body of recently collected Dutch-language song remains relatively little known. Ate Doornbosch made some five thousand recordings which, along with those of his predecessor Will Scheepers, he broadcast in 1316 editions of the radio show Onder de Groene Linde (Under the Green Linden) between 1957 and 1993. Here at last is a CD release that properly reflects the importance of this collection and offers a well-documented survey of its riches. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Doornbosch's recordings are now at the Meertens Instituut in Amsterdam, which has published this handsome boxed set. The 440-page book, with facing English and Dutch throughout, contains all the song texts, with annotations, biographical information about the singers, and photographs. The nine CDs are organized thematically, while the DVD contains two documentaries on Doornbosch from 1964 and 1984, and his final radio broadcast (this is the only item not subtitled). The translations, especially of the song texts, are mostly excellent, and I agree with the editors that the English is sometimes clearer than the Dutch of the songs. One or two discrepancies remain: there are mistakes over harmonica (accordion); and the collection is not all of ballads but of the verhalende liederen (narrative songs) of the Dutch title. But these are minor points. This is not the first release of Doornbosch's recordings. Four songbooks have been published, with biographical information about the singers. Six recordings accompanied a recent book, while a longer CD issued in France lacked information on the singers. (1) Parts of Louis Peter Grijp's essay on Doornbosch from the book form the useful introduction provided here. A comprehensive CD release was perhaps delayed because of anxiety about the audience for field-recordings of older singers. The decision was taken only after musicology students had reacted enthusiastically to the recordings. Having finally taken the decision, the Meertens Instituut deserves credit for doing such a thorough job of making the recordings accessible to non-Dutch speakers. As with many labours of love, the target audience is not quite clear: it is perhaps too comprehensive to be a simple introduction for anglophone audiences, while it does still require access to the Dutch-language songbooks to fill in biographical gaps about the singers. Its sheer scale, though, is its greatest strength. The 163 songs here go a long way towards illustrating twentieth-century Dutch singing traditions. Some singers were past their prime (there are some lapses of memory), but most of the performances stand up well. …
Cholesterol Has an Inflammatory Influence in the Effects of Fats on Metabolism in Endotoxemic Rats

We showed that butter suppresses metabolic responses to endotoxin in Wistar rats. Responses included increases in plasma caeruloplasmin and liver zinc and protein concentrations, and decreases in plasma zinc and albumin concentration. However, butter lost its suppressive effect at dietary concentrations above 90g/kg diet. The present study examined whether this phenomenon was due to the total dietary cholesterol intake rather than the intrinsic fatty acid composition of butter. Rats received diets, for four weeks, containing either 100g/kg corn oil, 90 g/kg butter, 190g/kg butter, or 90 g/kg butter supplemented with cholesterol to render the latter two diets identical in cholesterol content. All butter diets contained 10g/kg corn oil. Rats received an 800 µg/kg sub-cutaneous injection of E. coli endotoxin. Twenty-four hour post-injection measurement of plasma, cholesterol, albumin, and zinc, and liver cholesterol, glutathione, protein, and zinc was performed. The values were compared with those obtained from pair-fed controls. In rats fed butter (90g/kg), endotoxin had no effect except on liver glutathione, which increased by 85%. ln rats fed corn oil, butter (190g/kg) or butter (90g/kg) supplemented with cholesterol, the liver concentration of zinc increased by 20, 21 and 18% respectively, and that of protein increased by 30, 29 and 23% respectively. Cholesterol increased by 56, 35 and 14% respectively. Glutathione increased by 230, 38, and 65% respectively. In rats fed the diet containing butter (90g/kg), endotoxin had no effect on any of the parameters measured in plasma. However, in the three other dietary groups described above, the zinc concentration decreased by 38, 29 and 19% respectively, albumin decreased by 28, 20 and 15% respectively, caeruloplasmin increased by 142, 83, and 83%, and cholesterol increased by 91, 50 and 51% respectively. The results suggest that butter exerts two opposing influences of inflammation: a pro-inflammatory effect due to its cholesterol content and an anti-inflammatory influence which may be due to its fatty acid composition.
Web Based Theoretical Protein pI, MW and 2DE Map

The genomic projects have provided a far wide amount of information that still requires be analyzing and interpreting. That would be impossible to be done without the development of well adapted computational tools that might help the analysis of these data we have collected so far. Due to the need for analyzing proteomes we developed a tool, implemented through the CGI that can simulate the two-dimensional electrophoresis from a whole genome.