Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Compensation for Parameter Uncertainty

Estimation errors of the rotor speed and position in sensorless control systems of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) will lead to low efficiency and dynamic-performance degradation. In this paper, a parallel-type extended nonlinear observer incorporating the nominal parameters is constructed in the stator-fixed reference frame, with rotor position, speed, and the load torque simultaneously estimated. The stability of the extended nonlinear observer is analyzed using the indirect Lyapunov’s method, and observer gains are selected according to the transfer functions of the speed and position estimators. Taking into account the parameter inaccuracies issue, explicit estimation error equations are derived based on the error dynamics of the closed-loop sensorless control system. An equivalent flux error is defined to represent the back Electromotive Force (EMF) error caused by the inaccurate motor parameters, and a compensation strategy is designed to suppress the estimation errors. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated through simulation and experimental results.
Design Space Evaluation for Resonant and Hard-charged Switched Capacitor Converters

USB Power Delivery enables a fixed ratio converter to operate over a wider range of output voltages by varying the input voltage. Of the DC/DC step-down converters powered from this type of USB, the hard-charged Switched Capacitor circuit is of interest to industry for its potential high power density. However implementation can be limited by circuit efficiency. In fully resonant mode, the efficiency can be improved while also enabling current regulation. This expands the possible applications into battery chargers and eliminates the need for a two-stage converter. In this work, the trade-off in power loss and area between the hard-charged and fully resonant switched capacitor circuit is explored using a technique that remains agnostic to inductor technology. The loss model for each converter is presented as well as discussion on the restrained design space due to parasitics in the passive components. The results are validated experimentally using GaN-based prototype converters and the respective design spaces are analyzed.
ON THE EQUATION OF STATE OF COMPRESSED LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS

Abstract : The work of van der Waals on gases and Mie and Gruneisen on solids produce equations of state of the form p = G(v,T) NkT/v + po (v). Many more recent theoretical studies have led to results expressible in the same form. Despite this fact it has been almost a universal fad to describe equations of state through the dimensionless compressibility factor, F(v,T) = pv/NkT instead. This paper shows that much useful information is discarded when the latter form is used. An analysis of po and G(v,T) for the Lennard-Jones Devonshire free volume theory and the equation of state results obtained by the Monte Carlo (molecular dynamics) method has shown that both studies lead to essentially the Mie-Gruneisen equation at high density when the temperature is low enough. At higher temperatures for high density and for all temperatures at lower densities the two theories come close to the usual theories for dense fluids. The functional relations for G(v,T) are sufficiently simple to be replaced by analytic functions to facilitate application of the theories to practical problems. It appears that empirical improvements on the original theories can also be made on the basis of new knowledge about the states under consideration. For illustration an analytic fit to the Monte Carlo result for a Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential is presented. A breakdown of Lennard-Jones result for the second virial coefficient is appended.
Application of Ultrasound-Guided Upper Trunk Brachial Plexus Block in Observation of Lower Shoulder Surgery

This study aims to ensure the wide application of ultrasound-guided superior brachial plexus block in shoulder surgery, solve the application problem of ultrasound-guided superior brachial plexus block in shoulder surgery, make up for severe postoperative pain after shoulder arthroscopy, and improve the patient's recovery ability. In this paper, 90 patients with shoulder arthroscopy were divided into 3 groups: A, B, and C. In recent years, with the rapid development of medicine, ultrasound-guided brachial plexus upper trunk block has been widely used in shoulder surgery. Shoulder arthroscopy is more and more used in the diagnosis and treatment of shoulder diseases because of its advantages of minimally invasive, safe, and rapid recovery. Compared with the traditional operation, it is found that the shoulder arthroscopic operation reduces the incision trauma through the microscope, but the shoulder operation involves more muscles and ligaments, so the perioperative pain of shoulder arthroscopic operation is still serious.
PML Absorbing Boundary Conditions for the Multiresolution Time-Domain Techniques Based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform

The use of numerical methods to solve electromagnetic problems with open boundaries requires a method to limit the domain in which the field is computed. This can be achieved by truncating the mesh and setting certain numerical boundary conditions on the outer perimeter of the domain to simulate its extension to infinity. In this paper, the formulation of the perfectly matched layer (PML) is applied to the multiresolution time-domain technique (MRTD) to effectively simulate free-space. The PML region is modelled by means of the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. In addition, the numerical reflectivity of the PML medium is also investigated for a variety of thicknesses.
Deployment planning for artillery hunting radar systems using high-resolution geospatial data

In military mission planning for radar units, good quality geospatial data is of importance as a basis for successful missions. Terrain data with a resolution of 0.5 m, in contrast to often used data with a resolution of 30 m, has recently become available. This comes with opportunities in the form of enabling better quality of planning, and limitations due to increasing execution times. In this thesis, an analysis of methods for utilising high-resolution data in deployment planning for the ARTHUR radar system has been performed. Deployment schedules that are generated should be such that they enable radar units to successfully monitor a deﬁned area of interest, and so that it is diﬃcult for the enemy to localise and attack the units. In addition to an initial analysis, an implementation of the most promising method has been performed for demonstration and further testing. Three main aspects have been covered: how to evaluate the quality of obtained deployment schedules, how to transport units between successive deployment sites (that are given as input to the system), and how to optimise a series of successive deployment sites that constitute the deployment schedules for single units. In order to evaluate schedules, a modelled probability of a successful mission is taken as objective function. A method that determines which points are traversable in the terrain, and that vectorises the resulting raster by a presented skeletonisation method, is presented for ﬁnding routes for transportation between deployment sites. For optimising schedules, a genetic algorithm is used. Results show that the proposed method is working reasonably well under the given circumstances and that it is ﬂexible and can handle adjustments of the objective function. Part of the input data has however been synthetic, and better data should be used for further analysis, which is required if the method should be utilised in a real-life setting. A number of simpliﬁcations have been made during the project, and possible alterations to account for these are proposed and discussed, as well as other improvements and alternative approaches.
Anticancer Therapy in the Small Intestine TLR Signaling Modulates Side Effects of

Intestinal mucositis represents the most common complication of intensive chemotherapy, which has a severe adverse impact on quality of life of cancer patients. However, the precise pathophysiology remains to be clariﬁed, and there is so far no successful therapeutic intervention. In this study, we investigated the role of innate immunity through TLR signaling in modulating genotoxic chemotherapy-induced small intestinal injury in vitro and in vivo. Genetic deletion of TLR2, but not MD-2, in mice resulted in severe chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis in the proximal jejunum with villous atrophy, accumulation of damaged DNA, CD11b + -myeloid cell inﬁltration, and signiﬁcant gene alterations in xenobiotic metabolism, including a decrease in ABCB1/ multidrug resistance (MDR)1 p-glycoprotein (p-gp) expression. Functionally, stimulation of TLR2 induced synthesis and drug efﬂux activity of ABCB1/MDR1 p-gp in murine and human CD11b + -myeloid cells, thus inhibiting chemotherapy-mediated cytotoxicity. Conversely, TLR2 activation failed to protect small intestinal tissues genetically deﬁcient in MDR1A against DNA-damaging drug-induced apoptosis. Gut microbiota depletion by antibiotics led to increased susceptibility to chemotherapy-induced mucosal injury in wild-type mice, which was suppressed by administration of a TLR2 ligand, preserving ABCB1/ MDR1 p-gp expression. Findings were conﬁrmed in a preclinical model of human chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis using duodenal biopsies by demonstrating that TLR2 activation limited the toxic-inﬂammatory reaction and maintained assembly of the drug transporter p-gp. In conclusion, immunity and xenobiotic metabolism and show its implication in host detoxiﬁcation and protection against chemotherapy-induced side effects in the small intestine. We demonstrate that TLR2-mediated activation of ABCB1/MDR1 -encoded p-gp in CD11b + -myeloid cells critically controls the severity of MTX-associated gut toxicity. Our ﬁndings provide a rationale for developing new drugs for the management of cancer therapy–induced mucosal damage in the gastrointestinal tract based on commensal-mediated innate immune modulation via TLR2.
An Introduction to Stochastic-Process Limits and their Application to Queues

Experiencing Statistical Regularity. - Random Walks in Applications. - The Framework for Stochastic-Process Limits. - A Panorama of Stochastic-Process Limits. - Heavy-Traffic Limits for Fluid Queues. - Unmatched Jumps in the Limit Process. - More Stochastic-Process Limits. - Fluid Queues with On-Off Sources. - Single-Server Queues. - Multi-Server Queues. - More on the Mathematical Framework. - The Space D Useful Functions. - Queueing Networks. - The Spaces E and F. - Appendices.
The Communicative of in

This document is a summary of a mixed methods dissertation that examined the communicative construction of safety in wildland firefighting. For the dissertation, I used a two-study mixed methods approach, examining the communicative accomplishment of safety from two perspectives: high reliability organizing (Weick, Sutcliffe, & Obstfeld, 1999), and safety climate (Zohar, 1980). In Study One, 27 firefighters from two functionally similar wildland firefighting crews were interviewed about their crew-level interactions involved in implementing safety rules and firefighting tasks. These critical incident narratives (Flanagan, 1954; Gremler, 2004) were compared to extract workgroup level similarities and differences in interaction patterns relating to local routines and application of safety rules for managing tasks and space. Findings revealed that the two crews differed substantially in their communicative interactions related to three specific routines: planning , use of safety rules, and authority. The crews also differed in their general interactions with one another related to safety, groupness, and efficiency. For Study Two, a survey assessing workgroup-level safety climate was completed by 379 wildland firefighters representing 220 crews. Safety climate refers to the degree to which an organization’s practices emphasize safety over production pressures (Zohar & Luria, 2005). Safety climate constructs assessed in this study include: safety communication, failure learning behaviors, work safety tension, and psychological safety. Based on findings from Study One, I included additional measures to capture crew staffing patterns (dispersed, co-located), work styles (independent, task interdependent), crew prestige, and the value of after action reviews (AARs). Hypotheses tested and modeled relationships among variables to determine how crew configurations and work styles combined to influence learning behaviors, member comfort with communicating safety concerns, and the value of communication and learning practices. To mix the methods from the two studies, I followed an initiation mixed methods design (Greene, Caracelli, & Graham, 1989), in which I examined areas of incongruence between the two studies in order to prompt new insights, and recast how safety is a communicative accomplishment in wildland firefighting workgroups. Finally, recommendations are presented for enhancing the crew-level safety communication environment.
On Simple Outcomes and Cores

For a general coalitional game with non-transferable utility (NTU game) and a finite set of players, (N,V), Scarf (1967) proved that every balanced game has a non-empty core. Billera (1970) showed, through an example, that this condition is not always necessary when V(N) has a supremum. By using the concepts of simple outcome and Pareto simple outcome, the present paper provides a weaker condition than balancedness, which is sufficient for the non-emptiness of the core in the general case and is necessary when V(N) has a supremum. It is also necessary for any TU game. Our proof avoids the use of balancedness and specialized mathematical tools. Instead, it is elementary and only employs simple combinatorial arguments.
Elevated RECQL1 expression predicts poor prognosis and associates with tumor immune infiltration in low-grade glioma

Background Dysregulation of RecQ protein-like 1 (RECQL1), a member of the RecQ DNA helicase, has been determined to participate in malignant process of numerous tumors such as immunosuppression and proliferation and may serve as a biomarker for certain malignancies. Nevertheless, whether there is a similar association between RECQL1 and low-grade glioma (LGG) is uncertain. We therefore turned our attention to exploring the association of RECQL1 with tumor immune infiltration and prognostic significance in LGG. Methods The differential expression analysis of the RecQ DNA helicases was conducted through the GLIOVIS database and GSE4290 dataset, and verified by the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 database. Kaplan-Meier plots, Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were employed to assess the prognostic value of RECQL1 expression level and other six variables in LGG patients, and subsequently an efficient nomogram model was generated for clinical prediction. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource database and the single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to assess the correlation between RECQL1 and immune infiltration of LGG. The biological processes that may be related to RECQL1 in LGG were learned through functional enrichment analysis by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis software. Results Among the five RecQ DNA helicases detected, only RECQL1 was over-expression in LGG with the most convincing evidence (log2FoldChange >1.5, q value <0.01). High RECQL1 expression demonstrated worse overall survival and progression-free survival of LGG patients (P<0.05). Dysregulation of RECQL1 was an independent prognostic indicator for outcomes of LGG (HR >1.4, P<0.05). RECQL1 may participates in the carcinogenic pathways of LGG such as adherens junction and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. The transcription expression level of RECQL1, was obviously associated with tumor immune infiltrating cells and their marker genes. Conclusions High RECQL1 expression detected in LGG not only implies adverse clinical outcome of patients, but also correlates with tumor immune infiltration and certain oncogenic pathways. Our study proposes potential novel biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of LGG patients.
A new version of MODESRCH using interpolated values of the magnetoionic reflection coefficients

Abstract : For low frequency cases of nighttime propagation, an elevated antenna, or distances close to the transmitter, the propagation constants for a large number of modes must be found to adequately represent the fields in the earth-ionosphere waveguide. Most of the cost in using MODESRCH to obtain these mode constants has been in performing full wave integrations to obtain the reflection matrix, R. Until recently it had been necessary to carry out several fullwave integration each for R and its derivative with respect to the angle of incidence, theta, for each waveguide mode. As a result of this present effort it has become possible to obtain interpolated values of R which are more than adequate to describe the earth-ionosphere mode constants. The approach used is to transform the reflection matrix, R, obtained from a fullwave integration, into magnetoionic reflection coefficients, subscript oe. Each coefficient represents the complex amplitude of the ordinary or extraordinary. The equations defining the magnetoionic eigenvectors, which are required for this transformation, have been derived for the free space limit, so that they are applicable to a height that is below most of the ionization. Experience in use of the algorithm has shown that for eigenangles not too near branch points, the complex logs of the elements of superscript oe vary so nearly linearly that values of R derived from interpolated values of ln(superscript oe) are more than adequate for use in determining mode constants. It is believed that the reason for the nearly linear variation is that each represents reflection from only one discrete complex height.
Cell-Free System for Assembly of Transcriptionally Repressed Chromatin from Drosophila Embryos

We describe a cell-free system, derived from preblastoderm Drosophila embryos, for the efficient assembly of cloned DNA into chromatin. The chromatin assembly system utilizes endogenous core histones and assembly factors and yields long arrays of regularly spaced nucleosomes with a repeat length of 180 bp. The assembly system is also capable of complementary-strand DNA synthesis accompanied by rapid nucleosome formation when the starting template is single-stranded circular DNA. Chromatin assembled with the preblastoderm embryo extract is naturally deficient in histone Hi, but exogenous Hi can be incorporated during nucleosome assembly in vitro. Regular spacing of nucleosomes with or without histone Hi is sufficient to maximally repress transcription from hsp7O and fushi tarazu gene promoters. The Drosophila assembly system should be particularly useful for in vitro studies of chromatin assembly during DNA synthesis and for elucidating the action of transcription factors in the context of native chromatin. Ci/mmol (NEN) was added. For site-specific labeling, the single-stranded DNA was first annealed with a fivefold molar excess of a 32P-end-labeled primer (hsp70 nucleotides -185 to -153) in 20 pA of 100 mM NaCl-5 mM MgCI2. The mixture was incubated for 5 min at 75°C, 10 min at 37°C, and 5 min at 26°C; the extract and assembly components (without radiolabeled dCTP) were then added.
Thermo-mechanical transformation of shape memory polymers from initially flat discs to bowls and saddles

This paper describes the transformation of shape memory polymer (SMP) discs, from flat sheets to complex three-dimensional (3D) shapes, in response to heat generated by localized absorption of external infrared (IR) light. The gray-scale ink darkness printed on the surface of the SMP sheet determines the amount of absorbed light and the amount of heat generated on the surface of the sheet. Consequently, the lateral pattern of the ink governs the out-of-plane deformation of the SMP sheets due to variations in localized heating and shrinking. While recent studies have focused primarily on out-of-plane deformations of planar, rectangular substrates printed with linear patterns of ink and featuring either discrete or gradient ink variation, only limited studies have been performed on circular substrates with axisymmetric ink patterns. When heated by IR light, the axial symmetry of these ink designs produces unique out-of-plane deformations of the sheets, such as saddle shapes or bowl-like structures. We investigate these designs by utilizing a finite element analysis of material shrinkage and deformation, and we validate the model with experimental measurements and observations. This investigation provides insights into the mechanisms that cause axisymmetric geometries and ink patterns to form non-axisymmetric 3D structures, which can lead to the ability to program planar geometries that form complex 3D shapes when exposed to external stimuli.
Amphibian-derived peptide homodimer OA-GL17d promotes skin wound regeneration through the miR-663a/TGF-β1/Smad axis

Abstract Background Amphibian-derived peptides exhibit considerable potential in the discovery and development of new therapeutic interventions for clinically challenging chronic skin wounds. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also considered promising targets for the development of effective therapies against skin wounds. However, further research in this field is anticipated. This study aims to identify and provide a new peptide drug candidate, as well as to explore the underlying miRNA mechanisms and possible miRNA drug target for skin wound healing. Methods A combination of Edman degradation, mass spectrometry and cDNA cloning were adopted to determine the amino acid sequence of a peptide that was fractionated from the secretion of Odorrana andersonii frog skin using gel-filtration and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The toxicity of the peptide was evaluated by Calcein-AM/propidium iodide (PI) double staining against human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), hemolytic activity against mice blood cells and acute toxicity against mice. The stability of the peptide in plasma was also evaluated. The prohealing potency of the peptide was determined by MTS, scratch healing and a Transwell experiment against HaCaT cells, full-thickness injury wounds and scald wounds in the dorsal skin of mice. miRNA transcriptome sequencing analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms. Results A novel peptide homodimer (named OA-GL17d) that contains a disulfide bond between the 16th cysteine residue of the peptide monomer and the sequence ‘GLFKWHPRCGEEQSMWT’ was identified. Analysis showed that OA-GL17d exhibited no hemolytic activity or acute toxicity, but effectively promoted keratinocyte proliferation and migration and strongly stimulated the repair of full-thickness injury wounds and scald wounds in the dorsal skin of mice. Mechanistically, OA-GL17d decreased the level of miR-663a to increase the level of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and activate the subsequent TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, thereby resulting in accelerated skin wound re-epithelialization and granular tissue formation. Conclusions Our results suggest that OA-GL17d is a new peptide drug candidate for skin wound repair. This study emphasizes the importance of exogenous peptides as molecular probes for exploring competing endogenous RNA mechanisms and indicates that miR-663a may be an effective target for promoting skin repair.