Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SecDir: A Secure Directory to Defeat Directory Side-Channel Attacks

Directories for cache coherence have been recently shown to be vulnerable to conflict-based side-channel attacks. By forcing directory conflicts, an attacker can evict victim directory entries, which in turn trigger the eviction of victim cache lines from private caches. This evidence strongly suggests that directories need to be redesigned for security. The key to a secure directory is to block interference between processes. Sadly, in an environment with many cores, this is hard or expensive to do. This paper presents the first design of a scalable secure directory. We call it SecDir. SecDir takes part of the storage used by a conventional directory and re-assigns it to per-core private directory areas used in a victim-cache manner called Victim Directories (VDs). The partitioned nature of VDs prevents directory interference across cores, defeating directory side-channel attacks. The VD of a core is distributed, and holds as many entries as lines in the private L2 cache of the core. To minimize victim self-conflicts in a VD during an attack, a VD is organized as a cuckoo directory. Such a design also obscures the victim's conflict patterns from the attacker. For our evaluation, we model with simulations the directory of an Intel Skylake-X server with and without SecDir. Our results show that SecDir has a negligible performance overhead. Furthermore, SecDir is area-efficient.
Isolation of Endophytic Bacteria and Amplification of 16SrDNA on Citrus in Zhaoqing Districts

Zhaoqing is the main source of Citrus in China. However, the reason of citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) is unclear and may be from endophyte. Therefore, the study of citrus endophyte is necessary. The experiment would be carried out by endophyte being isolated from citrus plant and amplifying the specific 16SrDNA fragment from endogenous bacteria to know the relation of citrus HLB to 16S rDNA of endogenous bacteria. The results showed that total 55 strains of endophytic bacteria were identified. And one specific fragment long of 1261 nt was got. Sequencing analysis showed for 91.3% homology to uncultured bacterium clone. And the 16SrDNA fragment was identified by PCR. The experiments would provide a theoretical basis for understanding the differences in pathomechanism among various HLB isolates.
STUDY OF HYPERGOLIC PROPELLANTS USING MICRO-REACTORS

This paper discusses a novel method to study hypergolic propellants using micro-reactors instead of the conventional drop test, modified version thereof or impinging jets. A new micro-reactor has been fabricated and tested to allow the study of hypergolic propellants which tend to be toxic and corrosive and thus a challenge for micro-fluidics.
Feasibility of a craniometry in a comminuted zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture

Abstract Few studies have reported on using craniometry for comminuted zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture management. We present our experiences with this procedure and a review of the related literature. From September 2011 to October 2018, 43 patients with comminuted ZMC fracture receiving open reduction internal fixation under coronal incision were enrolled. Data on gender, age, operation time, hospital stay, duration of follow-up, vertical/horizontal differences, and complications were collected. Between-group differences (C-arm imaging vs craniometry) were evaluated using nonparametric Mann–Whitney test for continuous data and chi-square test for categorical data. No significant difference were found between the groups regarding gender, age, hospital duration, follow-up duration, and postoperative complications, except for operation time. The averaged operation time was significantly shorter in the C-arm imaging group (4.217 h) than in the craniometry group (6.193 h). The C-arm imaging group had two cases with horizontal differences >3 mm and one case with vertical differences >3 mm. The craniometry group had four cases with horizontal differences >3 mm and four cases with vertical differences >3 mm. There were no significant differences between the two groups in horizontal differences and vertical differences. Craniometry may achieve the same outcomes as C-arm imaging in comminuted ZMC fracture management; however, the former requires more time than the latter.
Total Fermented Dairy Food Intake Is Inversely Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women.

BACKGROUND The relation between fermented dairy consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in an Australian population remains to be established. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between fermented dairy consumption and T2DM and CVD risk. METHODS The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health included Australian women (aged 45-50 y) at baseline in 2001, who were followed up through 5 surveys until 2016. Dietary intake was assessed through the use of a validated 101-item FFQ at baseline. Main study outcomes were self-reported physician-diagnosed T2DM and CVD. Logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were used to estimate the association between dairy intake and T2DM and CVD risk. RESULTS Of 7633 women free of diabetes at baseline, 701 (9.2%) developed T2DM during a maximum 15-y follow-up period. Women in the highest tertile of yogurt intake had lower adjusted odds of T2DM than those in the lowest tertile (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.99; P = 0.041). This relation became nonsignificant after adjustment for dietary variables and total energy intake (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.08; P = 0.21). Of 7679 women free of CVD at baseline, 835 (10.9%) cases of CVD were reported during follow-up. High intake of yogurt and total fermented dairy was associated with lower CVD risk (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.00; P = 0.05, 0.80; 0.67, 0.96; 0.017, respectively) than observed in the lowest tertile of dairy product intake. Additional adjustment attenuated the relation (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.04; P = 0.13, 0.83; 0.69, 1.00; 0.048, for yogurt and total fermented dairy, respectively). No associations were found with other dairy groups. CONCLUSION The findings from this population-based study of Australian women suggest an inverse association between total fermented dairy intake and CVD risk, which may partly be accounted for by other dietary components.
Using topic modeling to infer the emotional state of people living with Parkinson’s disease

ABSTRACT Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often exhibit facial masking (hypomimia), which causes reduced facial expressiveness. This can make it difﬁcult for those who interact with the person to correctly read their emotional state and can lead to problematic social and therapeutic interactions. In this article, we develop a probabilistic model for an assistive device, which can automatically infer the emotional state of a person with PD using the topics that arise during the course of a conversation. We envision that the model can be situated in a device that could monitor the emotional content of the interaction between the caregiver and a person living with PD, providing feedback to the caregiver in order to correct their immediate and perhaps incorrect impressions arising from a reliance on facial expressions. We compare and contrast two approaches: using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) generative model as the basis for an unsupervised learning tool, and using a human-crafted sentiment analysis tool, the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). We evaluated both approaches using standard machine learning performance metrics such as precision, recall, and scores. Our performance analysis of the two approaches suggests that LDA is a suitable classiﬁer when the word count in a document is approximately that of the average sentence, i.e., 13 words. In that case, the LDA model correctly predicts the interview category 86% of the time and LIWC correctly predicts it 29% of the time. On the other hand, when tested with interviews with an average word count of 303 words, the LDA model correctly predicts the interview category 56% of the time and LIWC, 74% of the time. Advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches are discussed.
Self-Disclosure of Bullying Experiences and Social Support in Avatar Communication: Analysis of Verbal and Nonverbal Communications

Avatar communication through the Internet has great potential to be an appropriate environment for self-disclosure and social support. Anonymity and ease of access drive selfdisclosure of even the most serious problems. Rich nonverbal communication, co-presence, and real-time interaction increase emotional closeness. However, there has not been much research with regard to examining social support in avatar communication. In this paper, we aim to facilitate self-disclosure and social support for bullied people through avatar communication. For this purpose, we analyzed verbal and nonverbal communication about bullying experiences through an avatar communication service. We demonstrate that people who emotionally disclosed their bullying experiences received better social support. In addition, people who provided social support used emotional expressions to convey emotional empathy. These were observed in conversations with a few acquaintances in closed spaces. Our findings reveal areas where we can improve upon the design of avatar communication spaces for effective social support.
Statins Reduce Epicardial Adipose Tissue Attenuation Independent of Lipid Lowering: A Potential Pleiotropic Effect

Background High epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) attenuation (Hounsfield units [HUs]) on computed tomography is considered a marker of inflammation and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Statins reduce the volume of EAT, but it is unknown whether they affect EAT HUs. Methods and Results We reviewed the chest computed tomographic scans of 420 postmenopausal women randomized to either 80 mg of atorvastatin or 40 mg of pravastatin daily and rescanned after 1 year to measure change in coronary artery calcium score. EAT HUs were measured near the proximal right coronary artery and remote from any area of coronary artery calcium. Computed tomographic images were also queried for subcutaneous adipose tissue (SubQ) attenuation (HUs) change over time. The mean patients’ age was 65±6 years. The baseline EAT HU value was higher than the SubQ HU value (−89.4±24.0 HU versus −123.3±30.4 HU; P<0.001). The EAT HU value decreased significantly in the entire cohort (−5.4±29.7 HU [−6% change]; P<0.001), but equally in the patients given atorvastatin and pravastatin (−6.35+31 HU and −4.55+28 HU; P=0.55). EAT HU change was not associated with change in total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, coronary artery calcium, and EAT volume (all P=not significant). Change in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was marginally associated with EAT HU change (P=0.07). Statin treatment did not induce a change in SubQ HUs. Conclusions Statins induced a decrease in EAT HUs over time, independent of intensity of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering. The positive effect on EAT and the neutral effect on SubQ suggest that statins induced a decrease in metabolic activity in EAT by reduction in cellularity, vascularity, or inflammation. The clinical significance of the observed change in EAT HUs remains to be demonstrated.
A basal parvicursorine (Theropoda: Alvarezsauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of China

A new alvarezsaurid theropod, Xixianykus zhangi gen. et sp. nov., is described based on a partial postcranial skeleton collected from the Upper Cretaceous Majiacun Formation of Xixia County, Henan Province. The new taxon can be diagnosed by the following autapomorphies: sacral rib-transverse process complexes and zygapophyses fused to form separate anterior and posterior laminae; distinct fossa dorsal to antitrochanter on lateral surface of ilium; short ridge along posterior surface of pubic shaft near proximal end; distinct depression on lateral surface of ischium near proximal end; sharp groove along posterior surface of ischium; distal end of femur with transversely narrow ectocondylar tuber that extends considerable distance proximally as sharp ridge; transversely narrow tibial cnemial crest with sharp, ridgelike distal half; lateral margin of tibiotarsus forms step near distal end; fibula with substantial extension of proximal articular surface onto posterior face of posteriorly curving shaft; distal tarsals and metatarsals co-ossified to form tarsometatarsus; and sharp flange along anteromedial margin of metatarsal IV near proximal end. Cladistic analysis places this taxon as a basal parvicursorine within the Alvarezsauridae, a position consistent with the presence of several incipiently developed parvicursorine features in this taxon and also with its relatively early geological age. A brief analysis of vertebral functional morphology, together with data from the hindlimb, suggests that parvicursorines represent extreme cursors among non-avian dinosaurs.
A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans Out of Africa

Humans expanded out of Africa 50,000-70,000 years ago, but many details of this migration are poorly understood. Here, Haber et al. sequence Y chromosomes belonging to a rare African lineage and analyze. Present-day humans outside Africa descend mainly from a single expansion out ∼50,000–70,000 years ago, but many details of this expansion remain unclear, including the history of the male-specific Y chromosome at this time. Here, we reinvestigate a rare deep-rooting African Y-chromosomal lineage by sequencing the whole genomes of three Nigerian men described in 2003 as carrying haplogroup DE* Y chromosomes, and analyzing them in the context of a calibrated worldwide Y-chromosomal phylogeny. We confirm that these three chromosomes do represent a deep-rooting DE lineage, branching close to the DE bifurcation, but place them on the D branch as an outgroup to all other known D chromosomes, and designate the new lineage D0. We consider three models for the expansion of Y lineages out of Africa ∼50,000–100,000 years ago, incorporating migration back to Africa where necessary to explain present-day Y-lineage distributions. Considering both the Y-chromosomal phylogenetic structure incorporating the D0 lineage, and published evidence for modern humans outside Africa, the most favored model involves an origin of the DE lineage within Africa with D0 and E remaining there, and migration out of the three lineages (C, D, and FT) that now form the vast majority of non-African Y chromosomes. The exit took place 50,300–81,000 years ago (latest date for FT lineage expansion outside Africa – earliest date for the D/D0 lineage split inside Africa), and most likely 50,300–59,400 years ago (considering Neanderthal admixture). This work resolves a long-running debate about Y-chromosomal out-of-Africa/back-to-Africa migrations, and provides insights into the out-of-Africa expansion more generally.
Can protected mountain areas serve as refuges for declining amphibians? Potential threats of climate change and amphibian chytridiomycosis in an alpine amphibian population

In June 2004 and June 2005, we checked 40 and 134 ponds respectively for alive and dead alpine newts, common toads, common frogs, and their clutches on the “Kirchfeld” plateau in the Northern Limestone Alps of Austria. We found several hundred dead common frogs and alpine newts in the two consecutive years and also observed an unusually high number of heterospecific matings between common toads and common frogs in 2004. In order to test whether the observed mortalities were caused by disease, we screened 98 individuals of the three species for chytridiomycosis, a highly infective fungal disease, in 2008. All samples proved to be negative. We therefore assume that the high losses for the common frog population (26 % in 2004 and 9 % in 2005) during the spring migration, as well as the breakdown of the temporal premating isolation between the common frog and common toad, were caused by temperature anomalies alone, i.e. sudden low temperatures after a warm spring period. The high number of dead alpine newts found in 2005 was negatively correlated to the oxygen saturation of the ponds, frequently covered by ice during the early breeding season. We discuss the possible effects of climate change on phenological timing, breeding isolation and chytridiomycosis in alpine amphibian populations. 19
Presenting to the Emergency Department Versus Clinic-Based Sexually Transmitted Disease Care Locations for Testing for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: A Spatial Exploration.

BACKGROUND Rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including chlamydia and gonorrhea are increasing in the United States while public health funding for STD services is decreasing. Individuals seek care in various locations including the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study is to investigate whether there are more physically proximal clinic-based STD care locations available to individuals who present to the ED in a major metropolitan area. METHODS Addresses of EDs, clinics, and patients 13 years or older in St. Louis City or County given a nucleic acid amplification test and assigned an STD diagnosis (n = 6100) were geocoded. R was used to analyze clinics within 5 radii from the patients' home address and assess missed clinic opportunities (open, no charge, with walk-in availability) for those living in an urban versus suburban area. RESULTS In urban areas, 99.1% of individuals lived closer to a clinic than the ED where they sought STD services; in suburban areas, 82.2% lived closer to a clinic than the ED where they presented. In the region, 50.6% lived closer to the health department-based STD care location than the hospital where they presented. Up to a third of ED patient visits for STD care could have occurred at a clinic that was closer to the patient's home address, open, no charge, and available for walk-in appointments. CONCLUSIONS Clinic availability is present for most of the individuals in our study. Clinics providing STD services can increase advertising efforts to increase public awareness of the services which they provide.
Power of Global Transnational Networks: Civilizing of World Order

Can be a world order shaped by equivalents in the framework of the supranational model of Europe with the same legitimacy and with the same effectiveness? In this study was argued that Civilizing World Order (CWO) by Transnational Norm-Building Networks (TNNs) should have the legitimacy and effectiveness of the European Union supranational order. In this context, the concept of decentration (supra: centralization and infra: decentralization) which includes the nexus of voice (democratic participation) and entitlement (legal-social rights and duties) was examined. In this study, as methodology, published secondary data and online resources were used in order to reinforce the hypothesis.
Nutritional Composition of Caviar from Three Commercially Farmed Sturgeon Species in China

The main nutritional composition of caviar obtained from Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii), Amur sturgeon (Acipenser Schrenckii) and Hybrid sturgeon (Huso dauricus ♀× A. schrenkii ♂) cultured in China was characterized. Three caviar samples from each species have been analyzed for proximate chemical composition, amino acids and fatty acids. Moisture content of sturgeon caviars averaged between 47.72%-51.80% and together with crude protein 23.98%-25.55% (wet weight), crude lipid 14.23%-16.22% (wet weight) and ash 3.28%-3.84% (wet weight). Eighteen amino acids were identified in caviar samples, and glutamic acid was the most abundant amino acid (7.29%-7.69%). Total amino acids (TAA) content ranged from 50.31% to 53.54% (dry weight). Essential amino acids (EAA) and delicious amino acids (DAA) accounted for 37.44%-38.04% (dry weight), and 32.64%-32.88% (dry weight) of TAA, respectively. Functional amino acids constituted 55.60%-55.98% (dry weight) of TAA. All of the essential amino acids scores (AAS) were > 1. The monounsaturated fatty acids (38.93%-43.29%, % of total fatty acids) were the main group of fatty acids followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids (29.52%-35.61%, % of total fatty acids) and saturated fatty acids (24.74%-25.44%, % of total fatty acids). The main fatty acids were C16:0, C18:1ω-9, C18:2ω-6, C22:6ω-3 (DHA), and 20:5ω-3 (EPA). The ratio of ω-3 to ω-6 PUFAs in the present study ranged from 0.90 to 1.14. The present study indicated that the caviar from these three species could be considered as good sources of essential amino acids, functional amino acids, DHA and EPA.
Study of strain localization and energy dissipation in metals based on infrared thermography

This work is devoted to theoretical and experimental study of energy balance in titanium alloys under plastic deformation and failure. It is shown that infrared thermography can give a unique opportunity to investigate the thermodynamics of plastic deformation and failure of metals. The energy balance in titanium alloy OT-4 was studied in smooth samples under quasi-static loading and at fatigue crack tip under crack propagation. Extending previous results of the research group in Perm, we coupled the experimental investigation of temperature evolution with a statistical description of the mesodefect ensemble. It allowed us to propose a thermodynamic internal variable model of heat dissipation in metals.
The Willingness of Crowds: Cohort Disclosure Preferences for Personally Identifying Information

Exploiting personal identifying information (PII) is critical for secure access to digital and web-based systems, it is also a significant element of the online social media business model. However, how this exploitation relates to users’ valuation of their PII is poorly understood as an individual’s willingness to disclose items of PII in different situations is unknown. For instance, an individual may delight in accessing their smartphone using facial recognition, yet they may hesitate when accessing banking services or vice versa. Moreover, the actual cost of disclosure gets obfuscated within dense and lengthy policies in a manner designed to exploit additional data. Thus, an individual may not understand that systems such as facial recognition can be a gateway to infer further PII. Even with respectful intentions, identity-dependent technologies face a myriad of challenges to transparently balance users’ sensitivities with their own need for high veracity PII. In a novel application of the ELO ranking algorithm, we detail a frugal and scalable method of capturing and combining some of these sensitivities. The design involves a set of 33 items of PII, and a cohort (N = 115) divided into three contexts: expression (35), transaction (40) and submission (40). The results indicate that while individuals may have many differences, as a cohort the personal utility of PII still collates and forms distinct clusters of PII that relate within and across contexts. This result means that technologies that treat PII as one amorphous group, and those transferring PII across contexts, risk failing to adhere to the sensitivities of the user. However, by working with these cohort-based clusters in mind, it is plausible that system designers and policymakers may better appropriate system needs with the wants of the individual.