Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural localization of Leu5‐enkephalin immunoreactivity in mesocortical neurons and their input terminals in rat ventral tegmental area

Enkephalin (ENK) immunoreactivity is widely distributed in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), where endogenous ENK and dynorphin opioid peptides are known to have opposing actions in reward, stress, cognition, and fear‐related behaviors. Many neurons in the VTA give rise to mesocortical projections terminating in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and these projections have been implicated to varying extents in all these functions. To determine whether there is a synaptic basis for ENK and/or dynorphin modulation of cortically projecting neurons within the VTA, we combined retrograde tract‐tracing from the mPFC with dual immunocytochemical‐labeling electron microscopy in the rat VTA. The retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG) was microinjected into mPFC. At optimal survival periods, sections through the VTA were processed for immunolabeling of anti‐FG and a Leu5‐ENK antibody recognizing both ENK and dynorphin peptides. Over 26% of the retrogradely labeled neuronal somatodendritic profiles (n = 177) were contacted by ENK‐immunoreactive axonal profiles including small axons and axon terminals. The axon terminals varied in their subcellular distribution of ENK immunoreactivity and also differed in forming either inhibitory‐type (symmetric) or excitatory‐type (asymmetric) synapses. Many of the axonal profiles also were apposed to FG‐labeled somata or dendrites without forming recognizable synapses. Approximately one‐third of the mesocortical neuronal perikarya also showed sparsely distributed somatodendritic ENK‐immunoreactivity. Our results provide ultrastructural evidence that ENK and possibly dynorphin in the rat VTA have distributions consistent with involvement in diverse physiological actions affecting the output of mesocortical neurons, some of which also contain one or both peptides. Synapse 52:38–52, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Information extraction for traffic congestion in social network: Case study: Bekasi city

The growth of the use of social networks becomes the concern of researchers and many parties to get the information contained in them based on various kinds of needs, one of which is the need to build a smart city that can monitor its traffic condition. Twitter is chosen in this study because of its update intensity about traffic congestion that is higher than those of other social networks. Bekasi City is chosen for this case study because it has sufficient potential of data source from Twitter. Data processing from the social network needs information network approach such as performing information extraction and classification. The classification is performed to distinguish between the data which are related and not related to the traffic condition using SVM (Support Vector Machine). The information extraction is performed to obtain valuable information, including location, traffic condition, congestion causes, weather condition, and time of occurrence. The experiment that has been performed shows that the information extraction and classification method that is used gives a good result and better from previous study, which is 86% for classification, 81% for traffic location, 78% for congestion causes, 96% for weather condition, and 98-100% for time of occurrence extraction. Besides that, the information extraction accompanied by the reliability value of information based on the formulation result of tweet attributes using RSVT (Reliability Support Value for Tweet).
General Lane-Changing Model MOBIL for Car-Following Models

A general model (minimizing overall braking induced by lane change, MOBIL) is proposed to derive lane-changing rules for discretionary and mandatory lane changes for a wide class of car-following models. Both the utility of a given lane and the risk associated with lane changes are determined in terms of longitudinal accelerations calculated with microscopic traffic models. This determination allows for the formulation of compact and general safety and incentive criteria for both symmetric and asymmetric passing rules. Moreover, anticipative elements and the crucial influence of velocity differences of these car-following models are automatically transferred to the lane-changing rules. Although the safety criterion prevents critical lane changes and collisions, the incentive criterion takes into account the advantages and disadvantages of other drivers associated with a lane change via the “politeness factor. ” The parameter allows one to vary the motivation for lane changing from purely egoistic to more cooperative driving behavior. This novel feature allows one first to prevent lane changes for a marginal advantage if they obstruct other drivers and second to let an aggressive driver induce the lane change of a slower driver ahead in order to no longer be obstructed. This phenomenon is common for asymmetric passing rules with a dedicated lane for passing. The model is applied to traffic simulations of cars and trucks with the intelligent driver model as the underlying car-following model. An open system with an on-ramp is studied, and the resulting lane-changing rate is investigated as a function of the spatial coordinate as well as a function of traffic density.
Exploiting Virtual Metadata Servers to Provide Multi-Level Consistency for Key-Value Object-Based Data Store

Distributed data store is a fundamental building block for various Internet services. For large-scale distributed data store, the scalability and consistency of metadata services are prone to be the bottleneck. Various schemes are proposed to tackle the challenge of scalability and consistency within metadata services. While centralized single-node metadata services with low scalability provide low- overhead consistency maintenance, distributed metadata servers with high scalability often suffer complicated management and high-overhead consistency maintenance. As some key-value object-based storage systems locate and access an object by hashing function (e.g., consistent hashing table), there are no dedicated physical servers for metadata services. For key-value store without dedicated metadata servers, we exploited a scheme called virtual metadata servers (virtual MDS), which can create an opportunity to provide high performance and multi- level consistency. While conventional key-value data store distributes metadata across data nodes, our scheme uses proxy nodes, where virtual disks created, as virtual MDS to hold the metadata of virtual disks. Meanwhile, we also combine the characteristic of virtual disks and metadata services to implement a multi-level consistency strategy for the key-value object-based store without dedicated physical metadata servers. With virtual MDS, we use version information to update data asynchronously and check the version consistency periodically, then correct the stale entries properly. In this way, our virtual MDS can provide multi-level of consistency to cope with different read performance demand from users. The experiment results demonstrate that our scheme with relaxed consistency can enhance random write performance by 50% and improve random read performance by 16% compared with the standard storage system with strict consistency.
Disaggregated Earnings Guidance ? The Archival Evidence

This study uses archival data to identify the determinants of firms’ decision to provide disaggregated earnings guidance. Of the S&P 500 firms that issue annual earnings guidance, 38.8% also provide annual guidance for sales and operating costs (“disaggregated earnings guidance”). We find that the likelihood of issuing components of earnings guidance is associated with good news earnings guidance, favorable forthcoming sales performance, low value relevance of earnings, high institutional ownership, and high analyst following. These findings suggest that guidance disaggregation is primarily associated with enhancing the credibility of good news earnings guidance and responding to the demand for additional disclosures. We further observe that 59.1% of our sample firms that provide earnings guidance continue their respective guidance disaggregation practice in the following year, suggesting that the practice is somewhat sticky.
Recent Advances Towards Proving P = BPP

Are there too many complexity classes? Merely trying to understand one aspect of computation, such as the power of randomness, leads to a whole range of complexity classes, such as ZPP, RP, and BPP, to name but a few. Do we really need all of these classes? One of the most exciting developments in complexity theory in the past few years is the growing body of evidence that all of the aforementioned classes are merely pseudonyms for P. Our guest column this issue gives an overview of this area. Abstract Two independent techniques have been developed recently that yield suucient conditions for P = BPP in terms of worst-case circuit complexity of functions computable in exponential time. Andreev, Clementi and Rolim proved that P = BPP provided that a sparse \eeciently enumerable" language exists of suuciently high circuit complexity. This result has been subsequently improved by Impagliazzo and Wigderson by showing that either P = BPP or all the decision problems solvable in time 2 O(n) are solvable by circuits of size 2 o(n). In this column we discuss these results and their relation with previously known suucient conditions for P = BPP.
ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF Lyα BLOB 1: HALO SUBSTRUCTURE ILLUMINATED FROM WITHIN

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) 850 μm continuum observations of the original Lyα Blob (LAB) in the SSA22 field at z = 3.1 (SSA22-LAB01). The ALMA map resolves the previously identified submillimeter source into three components with a total flux density of S850 = 1.68 ± 0.06 mJy, corresponding to a star-formation rate of ∼150 M⊙ yr−1. The submillimeter sources are associated with several faint (m ≈ 27 mag) rest-frame ultraviolet sources identified in Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) clear filter imaging (λ ≈ 5850 Å). One of these companions is spectroscopically confirmed with the Keck Multi-Object Spectrometer For Infra-Red Exploration to lie within 20 projected kpc and 250 km s−1 of one of the ALMA components. We postulate that some of these STIS sources represent a population of low-mass star-forming satellites surrounding the central submillimeter sources, potentially contributing to their growth and activity through accretion. Using a high-resolution cosmological zoom simulation of a 1013 M⊙ halo at z = 3, including stellar, dust, and Lyα radiative transfer, we can model the ALMA+STIS observations and demonstrate that Lyα photons escaping from the central submillimeter sources are expected to resonantly scatter in neutral hydrogen, the majority of which is predicted to be associated with halo substructure. We show how this process gives rise to extended Lyα emission with similar surface brightness and morphology to observed giant LABs.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of diarrhoea management approaches in Nigeria: A decision analytical model

Background Diarrhoea is a leading cause of death in Nigerian children under 5 years. Implementing the most cost-effective approach to diarrhoea management in Nigeria will help optimize health care resources allocation. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of various approaches to diarrhoea management namely: the ‘no treatment’ approach (NT); the preventive approach with rotavirus vaccine; the integrated management of childhood illness for diarrhoea approach (IMCI); and rotavirus vaccine plus integrated management of childhood illness for diarrhoea approach (rotavirus vaccine + IMCI). Methods Markov cohort model conducted from the payer’s perspective was used to calculate the cost-effectiveness of the four interventions. The markov model simulated a life cycle of 260 weeks for 33 million children under five years at risk of having diarrhoea (well state). Disability adjusted life years (DALYs) averted was used to quantify clinical outcome. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) served as measure of cost-effectiveness. Results Based on cost-effectiveness threshold of $2,177.99 (i.e. representing Nigerian GDP/capita), all the approaches were very cost-effective but rotavirus vaccine approach was dominated. While IMCI has the lowest ICER of $4.6/DALY averted, the addition of rotavirus vaccine was cost-effective with an ICER of $80.1/DALY averted. Rotavirus vaccine alone was less efficient in optimizing health care resource allocation. Conclusion Rotavirus vaccine + IMCI approach was the most cost-effective approach to childhood diarrhoea management. Its awareness and practice should be promoted in Nigeria. Addition of rotavirus vaccine should be considered for inclusion in the national programme of immunization. Although our findings suggest that addition of rotavirus vaccine to IMCI for diarrhoea is cost-effective, there may be need for further vaccine demonstration studies or real life studies to establish the cost-effectiveness of the vaccine in Nigeria.
An empirical analysis of HRM practices and organisational performance relationship in the context of developing nation: The moderating effect of ethical climates

The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effect of ethical climates (EC) on the relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance (OP). Based on the Resource Based View (RBV) perspective, HRM practices are the best internal resources influencing performance in organization. Some scholars used individual practice while others used bundles. Despite these studies, however, few studies have attempted to consider the influence of HRM practices on organizational performance. Even if any, they have reported mixed findings; therefore, a moderating variable is suggested. This paper proposes ethical climates (EC) as potential moderator on the relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance to enhance the relationship. A quantitative survey method was used; the data were collected from the heads of department in selected ministry of education Nigeria. A total of 105 questionnaires administered, 81 questionnaires were collected. PLS SEM was used for the data analysis. Based on the statistical findings, recruitment & selection and training & development were found to be significantly related to organisation performance. While ethical climates found to moderate on the relationship between recruitment & selection and training & developments and OP. The study also suggested for future research.
COX‐2 inhibitor NS‐398 suppresses doxorubicin‐induced p53 accumulation through inhibition of ROS‐mediated Jnk activation

Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is one of the isoforms of cyclooxygenase, a rate‐limiting enzyme in the arachidonic acid cascade. COX‐2 protein expression is highly induced by numerous factors and it has been reportedly overexpressed in various human malignancies. Although anti‐tumorigenic effects of COX‐2 inhibitors have been shown, several lines of evidence suggest that COX‐2 inhibitors antagonize the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we investigated the effect of NS‐398, a COX‐2 inhibitor, on modulation of doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced p53 accumulation. Non‐selective and selective COX‐2 inhibitors attenuated DOX‐induced accumulation of wild type (WT) but not mutant p53. Nutlin‐3α or MG132 abolished the suppressive effect of a COX‐2 inhibitor on DOX‐induced p53 increase. Moreover, the DOX‐induced increase in p53 protein levels was reduced in COX‐2 knockout (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) compared to those in WT or COX‐1 KO MEFs. DOX‐induced accumulation of p53 was attenuated by a specific inhibitor or knockdown of Jun‐N‐terminal kinase (Jnk). In addition, DOX‐induced Jnk activation was decreased in COX‐2 KO MEFs or by COX‐2 inhibition, suggesting that Jnk stabilizes p53 by a mechanism that involves COX‐2. Pre‐treatment with a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N‐acetylcysteine, attenuated DOX‐induced Jnk activation and subsequent p53 accumulation. Furthermore, the absence or inhibition of COX‐2 resulted in suppression of DOX‐induced increase in ROS levels. These results suggest that COX‐2 activates Jnk through modulation of ROS levels, leading to accumulation of p53. Our study identifies a putative novel cross‐talk between COX‐2 and p53. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Course of Depression in Elderly Outpatients

Sixty-four elderly outpatients diagnosed according to the criteria of DSM-III as having affective disorders were submitted to follow-up study for 6–24 months (mean 15 months). Twenty patients (31%) were in good health throughout follow-up, fourty-four patients (69%) remained more or less chronically ill. The prognosis was better in patients diagnosed as having “adjustment disorder with depressed mood” and “dysthymic disorder”; when onset was late, and when there were no signs of organic brain C.N. S. damage.
Social Ontology and Social Cognition

The aim of this paper is to show that there is a reciprocal dependency relationship between social cognition and social ontology. It is argued that, on the one hand, the existence conditions of socially meaningful objects and of social groups are about subjects’ social cognitive processes and interactive patterns and, on the other hand, social cognitive processes and interactive patterns are modulated by socially meaningful objects and social groups. I proceed from a historically informed distinction between social ontologies – between what might be called constructivist and emergentist theories of social reality. I then distinguish three theories of social cognition, theory-theory, simulation theory, and interaction theory, and argue that the first distinction and the latter map onto each other. Finally I argue that the reciprocal dependency between social ontology and social cognition can be justifiably though of as causal in Di Paolo et. al.’s (2010) sense of “downward” or “circular” causation. It is concluded that the dependency between social ontology and social cognition pertain to both a methodological and a phenomenal level. First, research on social ontology depends on research on social cognition; and, secondly, social phenomena, involving socially meaningful objects and groups, influence social cognitive processes and interaction, which in turn influence social phenomena. (Less)
Development of 24GHz FMCW level measurement radar system

In this paper, a 24 GHz FMCW level measurement system is developed. For low cost design, the PLL solution using a frequency synthesizer is employed instead of the traditional method based on a digital direct synthesizer. The developed transceiver can generate a frequency modulated wave with a high linearity over 2GHz bandwidth in order to support a high accuracy gauging. We also develop the prototype of a signal processing module in order to verify the developed transceiver module.
Hypoxia-inducible proto-oncogene Pim-1 is a prognostic marker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Background: Pim-1 is a proto-oncogene involved in cell survival, differentiation and proliferation in several hematologic and epithelial malignancies. Clinical, absence of Pim-1 expression correlates with poor prognosis in prostate cancer. In the present study, the expression of Pim-1 is analyzed in pancreatic cancer and correlated to clinicopathological parameters.Methods: Pim-1 mRNA and protein was evaluated with quantitative real-time RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry analyses. Ex vivo expression analysis using semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry was performed using human pancreatic tissues of the normal pancreas (n=10), chronic pancreatitis (n=30), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (n=59) and other pancreatic tumors (n=42). In consecutive sections HIF1-alpha was used as a marker of hypoxia. Survival of patients (n=35) was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and a log-rank test. In vitro analyses were performed using cultured pancreatic cancer cell lines (n=8) and primary human pancreatic stellate cells. Results: Compared to benign, inflammatory and pre-malignant conditions (i.e., the normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis and benign intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm), expression of Pim-1 mRNA and protein increased significantly in pancreatic malignancies. Absence of Pim-1 immunopositivity in cancer cells strongly correlated with a poor prognosis (median survival 13.8 vs. 23.4 months, p=0.0016). In vitro, rapidly dividing (high versus low serum concentrations) and hypoxic cells displayed higher Pim-1 mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion: Hypoxia is a novel inducer of Pim-1 expression. Compared to non-malignant tissues Pim-1 significantly increases in pancreatic cancer. However, the presence of Pim-1 in cancer cells has a positive prognostic impact.
A New Zero-Ripple Boost Converter with Separate Inductors for Power Factor Correction

In this paper, a new boost topology with zero-ripple input current and non-pulsating output current for power factor correction (PFC) is proposed. By using separate inductors, this topology not only can compliance with any Standards or Regulations, but also allows clean power in universal AC line (90 Vac to 264 Vac). The proposed topology is designed to work in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) to eliminate diode reverse recovery loss and provide automatic control, so that reduce the complexity of the controller. Compared with conventional boost converter, the proposed topology can remove electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter without sacrificing the input current harmonics. Consequently, smaller passive components, light weight and low cost can be achieved. Simulation results are given to confirm the theoretically predicted behavior.
Efficient Implementation of Decimal Floating Point Adder in FPGA

Decimal floating Point adder is one of the most frequent operations used by many financial, business and user-oriented applications but current implementations in FPGAs are very inefficient in terms of both area and latency when compared to binary floating point adder. This paper has shown an efficient implementation of a new parallel decimal floating point module on a reconfigurable platform, which is both area as well as performance optimal. The decimal floating-point Adder was further pipelined into five stages to increase the maximum frequency of operation. The synthesis results for a Stratix IV device indicate that our implementations have 25.1% reduction of the latency and 1.1% reduction of area compared to an existing alter-core adder design, presenting area and delay figures close to those of optimal binary adder trees. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i10. 3406
A new approach for estimating the domain of attraction for linear systems with time-varying delay and saturating actuators

This paper is concerned with the estimation of the domain of attraction for a class of linear continuous-time systems subject to both interval time-varying delay and actuator saturation. A new type of delay-range-dependent condition is firstly proposed using the free-weighting matrix technique to derive a tighter upper bound on the derivative of a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. Based on it, a state feedback controller is then designed with the solution of a set of linear matrix inequalities. An optimization problem with LMI constraints is formulated in order to find an initial set as large as possible to obtain a less conservative estimate of the domain of attraction for such systems. An example is carried out to illustrate the theoretical results.
A novel 0.2THz imaging system

In this article, a novel 0.2 THz imaging system is presented. It is made up of Gunn oscillator, dual mode antenna, off-axis reflector antenna and Schottky diode detector. It has many merits such as: small-size, low-cost, low-power-supply, and room-temperature-operational compared to the THz-time domain spectrometer (THz-TDS) which has a large-size, is expensive, and has strict requirements to working conditions.