Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The reverse dialysis bag method for the assessment of in vitro drug release from parenteral nanoemulsions: A case study of risperidone

The present study describes the release pattern of risperidone, a poorly water-soluble psychopharmacological drug, from two parenteral nanoemulsions containing the mixture of medium-chain triglycerides and soybean oil as an oil phase, sodium oleate solution as an aqueous phase and lecithin alone or in combination with polysorbate 80 as emulsifiers/stabilizers. The nanoemulsions were prepared by hot highpressure homogenization, and evaluated regarding physicochemical properties – a droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and viscosity, as well as biopharmaceutical performances – in vitro drug release by employing a reverse dialysis bag technique.Physicochemical characterization revealed a favorable mean droplet size (160–210 nm), narrow size distribution (<0.15), high surface charge (around –50 mV to –60 mV) and low apparent viscosity (4–6 mPa.s) of developed nanoemulsions, thus proving their suitability for parenteral administration of poorly water-soluble actives. The in vitro drug release study showed biphasic release profiles of risperidone, with significant differences between two investigated nanoemulsion formulations (differing only in the presence of polysorbate 80), indicating the influence of nanoemulsion matrix on drug release kinetics. However, the release of risperidone from investigated nanoemulsions was relatively rapid (more than 50% released within the first 5 min), suggesting their promising application in emergency situations. Furthermore, above 95% of the drug was released from both tested nanoemulsions within 180 min, while the kinetic release process could be described by Korsmeyer–Peppas model and supposed to be diffusion-controlled.Overall, it can be concluded that the reverse dialysis bag technique was the appropriate and enough discriminatory method to evaluate the in vitro release of risperidone from presented nanoemulsion systems.
Serial Switch Only Rectifier as a Power Conditioning Circuit for Electric Field Energy Harvesting

Because traditional electronics cannot directly use the alternating output voltage and current provided by electric field energy harvesters, harvesting systems require additional regulating and conditioning circuits. In this field, this work presents a conditioning circuit, called serial switch-only rectifier (SSOR) for low-voltage electric field energy harvesting (EFEH) applications. The proposed approach consists of a tubular topology harvester mounted on the outer jacket of a 230 V three-wires electrical cable (neutral, ground, and phase), in which terminals are connected to SSOR. We compare SSOR performance with classic electronic approaches, such as a full-bridge rectifier and voltage doubler. Experimental findings showed that the gathered energy by a 1 m cylindrical harvester increased in approximately 73.3% using the SSOR as a power management circuit. Experimental findings showed that the gathered energy by a 1 m cylindrical harvester increase in approximately 73.3% using the SSOR as a power management circuit. This increase is principally due to the fact that a serial bidirectional switch disconnects the harvester from the rest of the management circuit, enhancing the charge collection process. Although simulated results disclosed that SSOR increased collected energy for smaller-scale harvesters (experimental tests obtained using a 10 cm cylindrical harvester), additional losses in bidirectional switch reduced its performance. In addition, we introduce a comprehensive analysis of EFEH systems based on SSOR according to the mains frequency for future power systems.
Shading Levels and Substrates Affect Morphophysiological Responses and Quality of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg Seedlings

It is essential to know the ecological tolerance of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg seedlings regarding the light and edaphic conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of substrates and shading levels on the emergence and quality of A. peregrina seedlings. The seeding was done in two substrates: 100% Dystroferric Red Latosol (DRL) and DRL + commercial substrate (1:1, v/v). The species were kept under four shading levels: 0% (direct sunlight), 30%, 50% and 70%. The highest speed and shortest emergence time of A. peregrina occurred in DRL. The highest growth characteristics of aerial part, xylopodium and roots occurred under direct sunlight and DRL. The productions of fresh and dried masses of different vegetative organs, physiological and Dickson quality index were higher in DRL and direct sunlight. The A. peregrina seedlings in 100% of DRL and direct sunlight showed more viable morphophysiological and quality indicators for their production.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS SELENIUM APPLICATION ON WHEAT SEEDLING PERFORMANCE UNDER DROUGHT STRESS

Drought stress is a severe problem for wheat production. The purpose of the present experiment was to study the effects of the exogenous sodium selenite application at different concentrations on wheat seedlings performance under drought stress. Two wheat varieties, ‘Shunmai-1718’ and ‘Jintai-102’ were used as materials in this study and four selenium concentration levels were prepared from distilled water (CK), and 20 mg/L (Se1), 40 mg/L (Se2) and 60 mg/L (Se3) of sodium selenite. 7 days after the sowing, the sodium selenite solutions were foliarly applied to wheat seedlings. 9 days after the sowing, 20% PEG6000 was used to simulate drought conditions for 7 days. The results showed that exogenous selenium significantly increased the plant height, root length, root number, fresh weight and dry weight of wheat seedlings under drought stress. Foliar application of sodium selenite under drought stress also increased antioxidant enzyme activity and the osmoprotectant contents while reducing the content of MDA and O2. Furthermore, the application of sodium selenite under drought stress up-regulated the levels of transcriptional expression in some genes related to antioxidative enzymes and osmo-protectants such as Plant peroxidase, Class III peroxidase, Glutathione S-transferase and Catalase immune-responsive. Keyword: wheat, selenite, drought resistance, gene expression, antioxidant
Organizational commitment and trust at work by remote employees

This paper examines and analyzes the differences in organizational commitment and trust at work among conventionally employed and remote employees. Two additional control variables are introduced into the research: Gender and Age of the respondents. The survey included 265 respondents employed in organizations in Serbia (88.3%) and surrounding countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia). Remote employees show stronger organizational commitment and trust at work than conventional employees. This applies to the following four dimensions: organizational identification, faith in intentions of peers, confidence in actions of peers and confidence in actions of management. At the same time, the overall sample shows that the degree of engagement at work, as well as the degree of loyalty to the organization, does not depend on the way they work (conventionally or remotely). However, male teleworkers have a very low level of organizational loyalty and it will not be a problem for them to leave their current job if they are offered a better position at another organization. Older teleworkers exhibit statistically significantly greater confidence in management intentions than younger teleworkers. Leaders and managers in conventional organizations should be aware of the potential for employees to experience a decline in organizational identification and confidence in peers and managers. Organizations practicing teleworking must make sure that male teleworkers have low organizational loyalty and can easily leave their current job.
An Orphan CpG Island Drives Expression of a let-7 miRNA Precursor with an Important Role in Mouse Development

Most human genes are associated with promoters embedded in non-methylated, G + C-rich CpG islands (CGIs). Not all CGIs are found at annotated promoters, however, raising the possibility that many serve as promoters for transcripts that do not code for proteins. To test this hypothesis, we searched for novel transcripts in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) that originate within orphan CGIs. Among several candidates, we detected a transcript that included three members of the let-7 micro-RNA family: Let-7a-1, let-7f-1, and let-7d. Deletion of the CGI prevented expression of the precursor RNA and depleted the included miRNAs. Mice homozygous for this mutation were sub-viable and showed growth and other defects. The results suggest that despite the identity of their seed sequences, members of the let-7 miRNA family exert distinct functions that cannot be complemented by other members.
Design of a Reduced-Size Crossed-Dipole Antenna

This article proposes two reduced-size crossed-dipole antennas that comprise two printed crossed-dipole arms and a pair of vacant-quarter printed rings to generate circularly polarized (CP) radiation. The T-shaped crossed-dipole antenna is similar to a conventional crossed-dipole antenna but differs that half of the crossed dipole is rotated 90°. This rotation reduces the dipole’s area coverage by nearly half, resulting in a compact antenna that generates CP radiation with performance similar to that of a conventional crossed-dipole antenna. A compact folded E-shaped crossed dipole with good CP radiation characteristics is formed by folding the arms of the T-shaped antenna. The performance of these compact reduced-size crossed-dipole antennas is discussed. The T-shaped antenna with an overall radiator size of 30.3 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {mm} \times 51.4\,\,\text {mm} \times 0.508$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm (0.29 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{o} \times 0.5\lambda _{o} \times 0.005\lambda _{o}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 2.97 GHz) has an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \text {S}_{11} \vert < - 10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB bandwidth of 2.58–3.42 GHz (28%) and a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 2.78–3.16 GHz (12.8%). The folded E-shaped crossed-dipole antenna with overall dimensions of 19.6 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {mm} \times 31\,\,\text {mm} \times 0.508$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.21\lambda _{o} \times 0.33\lambda _{o} \times 0.0055\lambda _{o}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 3.25 GHz) has an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \text{S}_{11} \vert < -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB bandwidth of 2.92–3.44 GHz (16.4%) and a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 3.06–3.44 GHz (11.7%).
Alternative Method for Transfer Impedance Measurements

The objective of this paper is to present a simple alternative method to determine the transfer impedance of coaxial cables of different lengths and referring them to a per-unit-length parameter. The transfer impedance of any cable is of interest since it accounts for coupling between cables (crosstalk), for pick-up of external signals and also for emission of electromagnetic energy. The method proposed here employs a direct injection of a current into the center conductor and into the braid simultaneously from either end of the cable. The alternative method uses a modified line injection. The modified line injection employs a common mode line injection as well as a differential mode line injection. For both ways of current injection equivalent circuits will be shown and the results will be contrasted. The results are based on a forward gain measurement of distinct lengths of the same quality of coax cables and require little post processing.
EFFECTS OF COLCHICINE APPLICATION AND PLOIDY LEVEL ON FRUIT SECONDARY METABOLITE PROFILES OF GOLDENBERRY (PHYSALIS PERUVIANAL.)

The aim of this study was to investigate changes of phenolic accumulation and antioxidant potential of goldenberry fruits collected from diploid plants, under colchicine treatments of different doses and exposure time, including colchicine induced synthetic tetraploid plants. Three colchicine application methods were utilized; i) immersion of seeds in colchicine solution at concentrations of 0.0, 0.6, 0.9% for 24 h and 36 h; ii) keeping germinated seeds (with 2-3 mm long roots) in a colchicine solution with concentrations of 0.6% and 0.9% for 24 h iii) incubation of seeds on semi solid nutrient medium containing 0.6% and 0.9% colchicine for 14 and 21 days. Total antioxidant activity of fruits varied according to the dose and exposure time of colchicine applications. The most important change was observed in the fruits of plants that turned tetraploid as a result of colchicine applications. Tetraploid fruits generally produced higher amounts of secondary compounds compared to diploid progenitors and their antioxidant capacity was also higher. However, the results show that polyploidization is important but cannot be generalized as a strategy to increase secondary metabolite production. It was determined that the relationship between total anthocyanin and total phenolic content with antioxidant capacity of fruits was significant and parallel. We suggest the use of the lowest colchicine concentration tested. 0.6% colchicine to enhance metabolite production cannot be generalized.
Near-Field Shielding Analysis of Single-Sided Flexible Metasurface Stopband TE: Comparative Approach

Near-field (NF) studies comprising four common 10 GHz stopband frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) of single-sided, single-layer metasurfaces are conducted. The studies are to determine the NF efficiency of the metasurfaces for electromagnetic shielding applications. First, the FSSs’ shielding performance in both far-field (FF) and NF zones is considered using the finite element method (FEM) based on the cell shielding effectiveness (SE). Analytical derivations of the FF- and NF-SE are presented, incorporating the equivalent circuit model and infinitesimal electric/magnetic source model, respectively. A nonlinear regression learning approach is utilized to predict an acceptable NF model. In the comparison study, the edge diffraction effects due to the finite structures are taken into consideration for 1-D and 2-D diffractions. The NF-SE performance of conformal structures is analyzed based on the radii of curvature. When the structure is bent, the movement of the desired transmission zero in the NF region intensely degrades the NF-SE, which may lead to a highly unstable shielding performance. Moreover, data sets are extracted for efficient usage of the structures under test by introducing two useful reconfigurable parameters, distance and radius. For verification, the FEM results are compared with the method of moment (MOM) results. The developed scenarios create a reliable criterion for further advancements of the flexible shielding surfaces from the NF point of view.
Inactivated Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 5 (FABP5) is a Suppressor for Prostate Cancer

Previous study has suggested that the FABP5-PPARγ-signalling transduction pathway gradually replaces the androgen receptor activated pathway in promoting malignant progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells. To interfere with this newly discovered FABP5-related signalling pathway, Prime Archives in Genetics 3 www.videleaf. com we have produced a highly efficient recombinant FABP5 inhibitor, named dmrFABP5. Treatment with dmrFABP5 significantly supressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation of the highly malignant prostate cancer cells PC3-M in vitro. To test dmrFABP5’s suppressive effect in CRPC, the human PC3-M cells were implanted orthotopically into the prostate gland of immunosuppressed mice to produce tumours. These mice were then treated with dmrFABP5 and produced a highly significant reduction of 100% in metastatic rate and a highly significant reduction of 13-fold in the average size of primary tumours. Immunocytochemial staining showed that the staining intensity of dmrFABP5 treated tumours was reduced by 67%. When tested in vitro, dmrFABP5 suppressed the cancer cells by blocking fatty acid stimulation of PPARγ, and thereby prevented it activating down-stream cancer-promoting or inhibiting cancer-suppressing genes. Our results show that the FABP5 inhibitor dmrFABP5 is a novel molecule for treatment of experimental CRPC and its inhibitory effect is much greater than that produced by SB-FI-26 reported in our previous work.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Ni-NH2/MESOPOROUS SILICA CATALYST FROM LAPINDO MUD FOR HYDROCRACKING OF WASTE COOKING OIL INTO BIOFUEL

The synthesis and characterization of Ni-NH2/Mesoporous Silica (MS) catalysts from Lapindo mud for the hydrocracking of waste cooking oil into biofuel has been conducted. The MS was synthesized by the hydrothermal method using CTAB as a template. The functionalization of –NH2 into MS was carried out by the grafting method. The Ni metal was loaded into NH2/MS by wet impregnation. The catalytic activity test was done for hydrocracking of waste cooking oil by using the MS, NH2/MS, and Ni-NH2/MS catalysts. The results of the liquid product of the hydrocracking were analyzed by the gravimetric method and GC-MS. The experimental result showed that the liquid products of the hydrocracking using MS, NH2/MS, and Ni-NH2/MS catalysts were 63.95, 70.32, and 66.44 wt. %. The highest selectivity of the gasoline fraction (34.98 wt.%) was produced by the NH2/MS catalyst and the highest diesel oil fraction (1.52 wt.%) was produced by MS. The NH2/MS catalyst was successfully used as a catalyst in the hydrocracking of waste cooking oil into the hydrocarbons (biofuel).
Energy-Efficient GPS Synchronization for Wireless Nodes

Synchronization is a challenging problem for wireless nodes, especially for applications demanding good synchronization accuracy over wide areas. In that case, the GPS is a valuable solution as the nodes can independently synchronize to UTC. However, the energy consumption of a GPS receiver (over 100 mW when switched on) is not sustainable on a wireless node. Therefore, in this work, we developed a synchronization scheme based on periodic extinctions of the GPS receiver. The goal is to study the GPS power switching effect on the synchronization accuracy. To do so, a node with dedicated timestamping hardware was designed. Two clock models were compared to predict the node time when the GPS is off and the impact of a Kalman filter, to remove the GPS noise, was evaluated. From experimental data, we show that the choice of the clock model depends on the accuracy needed and that the Kalman filter improves the estimation of the clock frequency for both models. In our design, the GPS can be off from 60% up to 95% of the time for mean synchronization errors of 20 ns to 420 ns, respectively. This work demonstrates that GPS power switching is an efficient solution to reduce energy costs while maintaining a high synchronization accuracy.
Uncertainty in finite-time Lyapunov exponent computations

The Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE) is a well-established numerical tool for assessing stretching rates of initial parcels of fluid, which are advected according to a given time-varying velocity field (which is often available only as data). When viewed as a field over initial conditions, the FTLE's spatial structure is often used to infer the nonhomogeneous transport. Given the measurement and resolution errors inevitably present in the unsteady velocity data, the computed FTLE field should in reality be treated only as an approximation. A method which, for the first time, is able for attribute spatially-varying errors to the FTLE field is developed. The formulation is, however, confined to two-dimensional flows. Knowledge of the errors prevent reaching erroneous conclusions based only on the FTLE field. Moreover, it is established that increasing the spatial resolution does not improve the accuracy of the FTLE field in the presence of velocity uncertainties, and indeed has the opposite effect. Stochastic simulations are used to validate and exemplify these results, and demonstrate the computability of the error field.
The impact of management control systems on decision-making quality throughout the innovation process. An empirical analysis

Increasing competition in the present dynamic business environment pressurizes companies to innovate perpetually. The ability to establish and successfully manage a permanent innovation process depends on the quality of decisions made at its consecutive stages. At the same time, management control systems provide managers with the informational basis for decision-making. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to measure the impact of different forms of management control on decision-making quality throughout the innovation process. The analysis was based on a survey conducted amongst the representatives of 64 Polish industrial companies in the third and fourth quarters of 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. Analytical tools included principal component analysis (PCA), used to aggregate data, and multivariate multiple regression models, used to determine the relationships between variables. The findings demonstrate that the relationship between mechanistic and organic forms of management control and decision-making quality may not be analyzed in isolation from the stage of the innovation process. The direction and strength of the relationships between these variables differs at consecutive stages of the innovation process in a statistically significant way.
Single-Layer Dual-Band Bandwidth-Enhanced Filtering Phase Shifter With Two Different Predetermined Phase-Shifting Values

In this brief, a dual-band bandwidth-enhanced filtering phase shifter is proposed, which can achieve two different predetermined phase-shifting values with the single-layer structure. The proposed phase shifter is composed of two stub-loaded transmission lines (SLTLs) and two delay lines. The loaded stubs provide three transmission zeros to realize dual-band working and filtering function. Based on the even- and odd-mode network analysis, the theoretical formulas can be obtained. According to the theoretical analysis and design method, several dual-band phase shifters are achieved. A dual-band phase shifter example, which can provide the phase shift of 90° and 270° in two bands, is simulated, manufactured, and measured for demonstration.
Efficient Layout Hotspot Detection via Binarized Residual Neural Network Ensemble

Layout hotspot detection is of great importance in the physical verification flow. Deep neural network models have been applied to hotspot detection and achieved great successes. The layouts can be viewed as binary images. The binarized neural network (BNN) can thus be suitable for the hotspot detection problem. In this article, we propose a new deep learning architecture based on BNNs to speed up the neural networks in hotspot detection. A new binarized residual neural network is carefully designed for hotspot detection. Experimental results on ICCAD 2012 and 2019 benchmarks show that our architecture outperforms previous hotspot detectors in detecting accuracy and has an $8\times $ speedup over the best deep learning-based solution. Since the BNN-based model is quite computationally efficient, a good tradeoff can be achieved between the efficiency and performance of the hotspot detector by applying ensemble learning approaches. Experimental results show that the ensemble models achieve better hotspot detection performance than the original with acceptable speed loss.