Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A nationwide US study of post-traumatic stress after hospitalization for physical injury

ABSTRACT Background Injured survivors of individual and mass trauma are at risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few investigations have assessed PTSD after injury in large samples across diverse acute care hospital settings. Method A total of 2931 injured trauma survivors aged 18–84 who were representative of 9983 in-patients were recruited from 69 hospitals across the USA. In-patient medical records were abstracted, and hospitalized patients were interviewed at 3 and 12 months after injury. Symptoms consistent with a DSM-IV diagnosis of PTSD were assessed with the PTSD Checklist (PCL) 12 months after injury. Results Approximately 23% of injury survivors had symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of PTSD 12 months after their hospitalization. Greater levels of early post-injury emotional distress and physical pain were associated with an increased risk of symptoms consistent with a PTSD diagnosis. Pre-injury, intensive care unit (ICU) admission [relative risk (RR) 1·17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·02–1·34], pre-injury depression (RR 1·33, 95% CI 1·15–1·54), benzodiazepine prescription (RR 1·46, 95% CI 1·17–1·84) and intentional injury (RR 1·32, 95% CI 1·04–1·67) were independently associated with an increased risk of symptoms consistent with a PTSD diagnosis. White injury survivors without insurance demonstrated approximately twice the rate of symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of PTSD when compared to white individuals with private insurance. By contrast, for Hispanic injury survivors PTSD rates were approximately equal between uninsured and privately insured individuals. Conclusions Nationwide in the USA, more than 20% of injured trauma survivors have symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of PTSD 12 months after acute care in-patient hospitalization. Coordinated investigative and policy efforts could target mandates for high-quality PTSD screening and intervention in acute care medical settings.
An Efficient Secure Multicast Communication for P2P Network

A new algorithm for efficient key management for secure group communication in P2P network is presented. The protocol avoids the escrow problem in identity-based cryptosystem and the secure delivery of private keys. It has two rounds and requires constant pairing operation per user. The security of protocol is based on some underlying problems closely related to the Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Problem are computationally hard.
Formal Methods during the Programming Phase

Formal methods involves the application of sound mathematical specification and reasoning techniques to the development of software systems. They can be applied across all phases of the engineering lifecycle. This chapter discusses their specific application to the programming phase, which can entail enrichment of executable code with mathematical artefacts (to support and improve our capabilities for reasoning), and the derivation of executable code from mathematical specifications. We provide an overview of some of the important approaches that can be applied to this phase.
SemiEmb : Semi-supervised Information Network Embedding

Embedding information networks into low-dimensional spaces has received a lot of attention recently due to its effectiveness in a variety of applications. Most of existing network embedding approaches are totally unsupervised without considering the labeled data. This paper studies the problem of semi-supervised information network embedding. With the guidance of the labeled data, we are likely to learn more robust embeddings. To do that, we propose a embedding model called SemiEmb. By doing random walk on the network, the SemiEmb is able to exploit high-order prosimities between vertices and meanwhile propagate the labeled information to the whole network. Compared with existing semi-supervised methods, the SemiEmb is much more efficient, which applies to networks with millions of vertices. Experimental results on several real-world information networks prove both the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed SemiEmb model.
Segmenting Shape Using Deformation Information

To segment a shape into parts is an important problem in shape representation and analysis. We propose in this paper a novel framework of shape segmentation using deformation models learned from multiple shapes. The deformation model from the target image to every other image is then estimated. Finally, normalized-cut graph partition is applied to the graph constructed based on the similarity of local patches in the target image, and a segmentation of the shape is carried out. Experimental results for images from MPEG7 shape database show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Compensating hyperarticulation for automatic speech recognition

This thesis details the effects of hyperarticulation in the context of automatic speech recognition used for human-to-machine interaction. Hyperarticulation can be characterised as a speaking mode exhibiting an exaggerated articulation and occurs as a natural reaction in an effort to resolve recognition errors. Despite the user’s attempt to disambiguate word confusions, hyperarticulation causes a significant increase in recognition errors. Current state-of-the-art technologies in automatic speech recognition fail to deal with hyperarticulated speech. The effect of hyperarticulated speech on the recognition performance was investigated. Changes in pitch, formant frequencies, or phone duration lead to a mismatch between the train and test environment. The effects occur on a sub-phonetic, articulatory domain. The estimation of model parameters with hyperarticulated training data reduces the speaking style mismatch, but even then hyperarticulation still degrades the recognition performance drastically. This result can be attributed to wrong model assumptions in the framework of phoneme based Hidden Markov Models. The contribution of this thesis is to show how articulatory properties can be used for recognition of hyperarticulated speech. The articulatory vector space is an algebraic representation of speech events. It provides a fine granularity for modelling of articulatory variations due to different speaking modes. This algebraic representation of speech events allows to describe hyperarticulated effects on a sub-phonetic, articulatory domain. Hyperarticulated variations can be explained using the concept of contrastive attributes. Contrastive attributes are attributes to disambiguate word confusions. Effects of hyperarticulation can be described as the activation or deactivation of contrastive attributes. The mathematical framework, developed in this thesis, provides a set of operations and basis elements to work with contrastive attributes. Hyperarticulation can be seen as warping of trajectories in an articulatory vector space. The vector model consists of probability density functions for each dimension. An exponential combination of the underlying function leads to a score function for the speech events. The effects of hyperarticulation were studied on two languages: English and German. On both languages, similar performance degradations were observed in a hyperarticulated speaking mode. The influence of hyperarticulation on pitch, formants, and phone duration leads to similar changes both in English and German. Recognition experiments show drastic im-
Detection of Low Levels of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) May Be Critical for Early Diagnosis of Pediatric HIV Infection by Use of Dried Blood Spots

ABSTRACT We compared a DNA-based assay with a total nucleic acid-based assay for early detection of infant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The codetection of DNA and RNA did not result in an overall higher sensitivity compared to that of DNA alone. Discordant results were associated with low levels of HIV DNA, indicating that the sample amount may be critical.
The clinical potential of functional magnetic resonance imaging

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has had a huge impact on understanding the healthy human brain. To date it has had much less impact in clinical neuroscience or clinical practice. The reasons for this are in part that the image acquisition, paradigm design, and data analysis strategies used presently are not sufficiently standardized. This makes the comparison of results across individuals, scanning sessions, and centers difficult. Nevertheless, there are emerging applications for clinical fMRI, and as the field matures the number of applications is likely to grow. It seems certain that fMRI has an important role to play in helping us understand the mechanisms of neuropsychiatric diseases and in helping to identify effective therapeutic strategies. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Destroying coherence in high temperature superconductors with current flow

The loss of single-particle coherence going from the superconducting state to the normal state in underdoped cuprates is a dramatic effect that has yet to be understood. Here, we address this issue by performing angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements in the presence of a transport current. We find that the loss of coherence is associated with the development of an onset in the resistance, in that well before the midpoint of the transition is reached, the sharp peaks in the ARPES spectra are completely suppressed. Since the resistance onset is a signature of phase fluctuations, this implies that the loss of single-particle coherence is connected with the loss of long-range phase coherence.
Manipulating and grasping forces in manipulation by multifingered robot hands

A new definition of grasping and manipulating forces for multifingered robot hands is proposed. First, a short discussion of the grasping and manipulating forces for two-fingered hands with linear motion is given to explain the motivation more clearly and to give the basic idea of the new definition. Then, for three-fingered hands, based on a representation of the internal force, the grasping force is defined as an internal force that satisfies the static friction constraint. The concept of grasp mode is also introduced. The manipulating force is then defined as a fingertip force that satisfies the following three conditions: (1) it produces the specified resultant force, (2) it is not in the inverse direction of the grasping force, (3) and it is orthogonal to the grasping force component. An algorithm for decomposing a given fingertip force into manipulating and grasping forces is presented. Extensions of the result to cases of two-fingered hands with planar motion and four-fingered hands are discussed. Finally, a simple example of synthesizing fingertip force for a given manipulation task is given to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed definition. >
Influence of CMOS-circuit areas on RF-damping of gold and aluminium microstripline in combined SIMMWIC-CMOS technology

At frequencies in the mm-wave region losses in metallic conductors of microstriplines are known to be exceeding substrate losses if highly resistive silicon (in this case 100 oriented, FZ p-type, 5-7 kΩcm) is used. It is thus necessary to preserve the high substrate resistivity in the proximity of the striplines during all processing steps. Future SIMMWICCMOS circuits, such as a RF-front ends with accompanying signal processing will require the proximity of waveguiding structures such as microstriplines and CMOS areas. The required minimum lateral separation between a microstripline and highly doped surface areas is determined to be approximately equal to the substrate height.
Substance Use, Health, and Mental Health: Problems and Service Utilization Among Incarcerated Women

This article profiles self-reported substance use, health, and mental health problems among a sample of incarcerated women in Kentucky as well as lifetime service utilization. Findings indicate that a high percentage of women reported use of alcohol, cocaine, and multiple substances during the month before incarceration. In addition, participants reported common health problems such as dental, female reproductive, physical injuries, and mental health problems including depression and anxiety. Participants reported moderate use of emergency room and mental health treatment but limited substance abuse treatment utilization. Implications for criminal justice programs and linkages with community-based aftercare services for women are recommended based on findings that health and mental health problems are associated with service utilization before incarceration.
Evaluation of mesenchymal cells and dapsone for the treatment of dermonecrotic wounds caused by Loxosceles laeta venom in rabbits

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), alone or associated with dapsone (DAP), in treating dermonecrotic wounds caused by Loxosceles laeta venom. Twenty-five male rabbits were distributed into five groups. Negative control received ultrapure water (C-), whilst all other groups were injected with 20 μg of L. laeta venom. After 4 hours, each group received one of the following treatments: PBS (C+), DAP, MSC, and DAP+MSC. Animals were evaluated daily and photographic records made for analysis of wound area. Twelve days after, animals were euthanized and skin samples removed for histological analysis. We observed that DAP showed the best percentage of wound contraction at day 3. In the treatments using MSCs, a negative value of wound contraction was observed for the isolated MSCs, as well as a lower contraction value for the association of the MSC + DAP when compared to PBS, probably, by the increase in initial infammation after the application of stem cells, due to the fact that MSCs secrete a broad spectrum of bioactive molecules such as cytokines and growth factors that favor regeneration. Histologically, it was observed that animals of C+ showed extensive areas of necrosis, ulcers, neutrophilic infiltrate, and mineralization. Collagen deposition showed increase in MSC+DAP treatment, however vascularization remained unchanged. This is the first report using MSC and MSC+DAP as a treatment for cutaneous loxoscelism and more studies are needed to determine its use as an alternative therapy for dermonecrotic lesions caused by Loxosceles spider.
Accountability of Modern Adiabatic Connection-Based Double-Hybrids Constructed from Cubic and Quadratic Integrand Functions for Dipole Polarizabilities of Water Nanoclusters

In this work, we dissect the performance of two modern Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE)-based double-hybrid (DH) density functionals to predict the isotropic and anisotropic polarizabilities of water nanoclusters (H2O)n [n = 2-6]. The considered models include the cubic integrand (CI) and quadratic integrand (QI) functions as well as the spin-opposite-scaled (SOS) scheme for perturbative correlation term. It is shown that all the tested CIDHs and QIDHs underestimate the isotropic polarizabilities, while in the case of anisotropic polarizabilities there is also overestimation of data for a few of nanoclusters when employing the PBE-QIDH-OS model. Putting all the results together, the recommended DH functionals for predicting the dipole polarizabilities of water nanoclusters turned out to be PBE-CIDH, PBE-CIDH-OS, PBE-QIDH, and PBE0-DH with deviations smaller than those provided from Moller-Plesset perturbation calculations.
Systolic and diastolic performance in normal human subjects as measured by ultrafast computed tomography.

Ultrafast computed tomography (ultrafast-CT) is a minimally invasive imaging modality with very short acquisition time and excellent anatomic definition. It shows promise of providing precise measurement of right and left ventricular volumes, left ventricular mass, and left ventricular diastolic function with a single test. We expand on the knowledge regarding normal humans by studying ten normal volunteers in the short axis. Cardiac volumes and mass (mean +/- 1 S.D.) were as follows: 1) left ventricle: end-diastolic volume index (ml/m2) = 61 +/- 15, end-systolic volume index (ml/m2) = 19 +/- 7, stroke volume index (ml/m2) = 43 +/- 9, cardiac index (liters/min/m2) = 2.7 +/- . 5, ejection fraction (%) = 70 +/- 7, end-diastolic mass (g/m2) = 95 +/- 15; 2) right ventricle: end-diastolic volume index (ml/m2) = 76 +/- 19, end-systolic volume index (ml/m2) = 35 +/- 13, stroke volume index (ml/m2) = 40 +/- 8, cardiac index (liters/min/m2) = 2.6 +/- . 5, ejection fraction (%) = 55 +/- 6. Stroke volume index differed by 1.6 +/- 2.0 ml/m2 between ventricles. Measurement of global and segmental left ventricular diastolic function revealed: 1) Peak filling rate (end-diastolic volumes/second): global = 2.29 +/- . 40, base = 1.78 +/- . 49, midventricle = 2.49 +/- . 57, apex = 3.13 +/- . 39 (P less than .001, base vs. apex; P less than .01, base vs. midventricle and midventricle vs. apex); 2) time to peak filling rate (msec): global = 193 +/- 24, base = 192 +/- 20, midventricle = 194 +/- 26, apex = 190 +/- 19 (P = NS between levels). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Improved Detection Algorithm Based on Interference Cancellation in MIMO systems

In this paper, a detection algorithm is proposed for the spatial multiplexing multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system by taking advantages of both the sequential interference cancellation (SIC) and parallel interference cancellation (PIC). It detects layers in the order of ascending SNR of each layer, and then subtracts interference regenerated by the rough estimate from a hard decision based on some criteria, such as minimum mean square error (MMSE) or zero forcing (ZF). However, the improved estimate of the prior detected layers after interference cancellation (IC) will replace their rough estimate to implement IC for the posterior detected layers. Adding SIC into PIC in a proper order can minimize the error propagation (EP) among layers. Simulation results show the proposed algorithm improves the performance over PIC significantly with a little increment of complexity and delay. Otherwise, it does not perform as well as the classical ordered SIC (OSIC), but it reduces the complexity and delay greatly. Thus, the proposed algorithm can achieve a good trade-off between performance and complexity and it is feasible for practical application
Electron beam induced luminescence of SiO2 optical coatings

Optical coatings of disordered thin film SiO2/SiOx dielectric samples on reflective metal substrates exhibited cathodoluminescence under electron beam irradiation. Measurements of the absolute radiance and emission spectra as functions of incident electron energy, flux and power over a range of sample temperatures are reported. Radiance reached a saturation plateau at high incident electron power. Well below saturation radiance scaled with deposited power, that is linearly with incident power for lower-energy non-penetrating electrons and decreasing with increasing energy for penetrating radiation. Four bands were observed in spectral measurements from 300 nm to 1000 nm. Changes in peak intensity and shifts in peak energies as functions of temperature are described. The observations are explained in terms of a simple disordered band theory model and the transitions that take place between electrons in extended conduction states and localized trapped states associated with structural or compositional defects in the highly disordered insulating materials; this provides a fundamental basis for understanding the dependence of cathodoluminescence on irradiation time, incident flux and energy, and sample thickness and temperature.
Modulation of miRNAs by natural agents: Nature’s way of dealing with cancer

Accumulating lines of evidence have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in many biological processes, such as carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, programmed cell death, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and differentiation. They act either as tumour suppressors or oncogenes, and alteration in their expression patterns has been linked to onset, progression and chemoresistance of various cancers. Moreover, miRNAs are also crucial for the regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) self-renewal and proliferation as well as control of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of cancer cells. Therefore, exploitation of miRNAs as targets for cancer prevention and therapy could be a promising approach. Several experimental and epidemiologic studies have shown that dietary intake of natural agents such as baicalin, ginsenoside, curcumin, resveratrol, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), indole-3-carbinol, 3,3΄-diindolylmethane (DIM) including antioxidants among others is inversely associated with the risk for cancer, demonstrating the inhibitory effects of natural agents on carcinogenesis. Moreover, the anticancer agents from natural plants have been found to inhibit the development and progression of cancer through the regulation of cellular signaling pathways. Importantly, natural agents also up-regulate the expression of tumor-suppressive miRNAs and down-regulate the expression of oncogenic miRNAs, leading to the inhibition of cancer cell growth and cancer stem cell self-renewal through modulation of cellular signaling network. Furthermore, natural agents also regulate epigenetically deregulated DNAs and miRNAs, leading to the normalization of altered cellular signaling in cancer cells. Therefore, natural agents could have much broader use in the prevention and/or treatment of various types of cancer in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics. However, more in vitro mechanistic experiments, in vivo animal studies, and clinical trials are needed to realize the true value of natural agents in the prevention and/or treatment of cancer. Herein, we provide an overview of natural agents’ modulation of miRNA expression as well as highlight the significance of these observations as potential new strategies in cancer therapies. This review will help us to know in detail how miRNAs are regulated by natural agents and also help to develop more effective and secure natural agents for clinical therapies.
The low‐affinity component of the glucose transport system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not due to passive diffusion

It has been claimed that the low‐affinity component of glucose transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is due to passive diffusion of the sugar across the plasma membrane. We have investigated this possibility. For this purpose we have measured the permeability coefficient of hexoses in this organism. We have found that this coefficient is at least two to three orders of magnitude lower than required to account for the low‐affinity component of glucose transport, and have concluded that this component is not due to passive diffusion.