Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRACEUM ON DIABETES MELLITUS: EFFECT ON LIPID CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD OF MALE SWISS ALBINO MICE

Abstract The past two decades have seen an exp losive increase in the number of people diagnosed with diabetes mellitus worldwide. Th is is mainly due to increasing sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy habits like smoking and drinking alcohol or we can say poor life style. According to World health organization, the global prevalence of d iabetes has grown from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014. The objective of the present study was to investigate the hypolipidemic effects of Trigonella foneum-graceum whole seed powder in lipid profile of alloxan induced murine model system. This profile includes total-cholestrol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Our study evaluated the effect of different doses (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) of Trigonella foenum-graceum whole seed powder in different groups of experimental rats. All doses show improvement but when compared to normal group. All doses show improvement but when compared, it was found that in control rats, the value of cholesterol was 96.31 mg/dl where as in diabetic rats it was 156.14 mg/dl. In low dose treated the cholesterol level was 130.24 mg/dl, medium dose treated group cholesterol value was 126.28 mg/dl and high dose treated group shows cholesterol value 119.14 mg/dl. The value of HDLCholestrol in normal control was 37.15 mg/dl where as in diabetic control it was 27.05 mg/dl , low dose treated the HDLcholesterol level was 33.61 mg/dl and in medium dose treated group HDL-cholesterol value was 35.13 mg/dl and high dose treated group shows HDL-cholesterol value was 37.95 mg/dl. The value of LDL-Cholestrol in normal control was 45.87mg/dl where as in Diabetic control it was 105.79 mg/dl.
A Correlation-Based Solution to Feature Selection in Protein BioInformation

Feature selection techniques have become an apparent need in many bioinformatics applications. In this article, taking into account the protein-protein interactions in sequence and spatial structure of protein, we propose a new correlation based method to capture these correlations between features to check feature redundancy, and implement a corresponding feature selection algorithm CBPFS. Features selected via our method provide a better efficiently, achieving high degree of dimensionality reduction and preserving the original semantics of the bioinformatics characters, hence, offering the advantage of interpretability by a domain expert and improving better accuracy.
Research of permanent magnet servo system based on disturbance observer and Kalman filter

Speed control precision of permanent magnet servo system is affected by factors of the load torque disturbance and speed measure noise, the system dynamic and anti-disturbance performance have been greatly restricted. Disturbance observer used as a kind of effective method to restrain the disturbance of load torque change, has attracted extensive concern of many scholars. However, a larger observation noise restricts disturbance rejection. In this paper, Kalman filter is applied for speed estimation to effectively reduce noise, and the estimated speed is input to disturbance observer. The disturbance observer outputs the observation value of load torque, which is used for the feed-forward compensation of torque current to compensate for speed fluctuation caused by load disturbance. Simulation and experiments have been built to verify the correction of theory analysis.
The measurement of disability

The frequent occurrence of desynchrony between psychiatric symptoms and disability makes it necessary to measure disability/ functional impairment in addition to psychiatric symptoms when tracking treatment outcome. Existing disability measures in psychiatry are comprehensive but lengthy. There is a need for short, simple, cost-effective, sensitive measures of disability and functional impairment in psychiatric disorders. We developed a discretized analog disability scale (DISS) which uses visual-spatial, numeric and verbal descriptive anchors to assess disability across three domains: work, social life and family life. The DISS has proved to be very sensitive to change in drug treatment studies in psychiatry. The usefulness of the DISS in assessing disability in terms of work, social and family relationships is discussed.
Da Vinci robot error and failure rates: single institution experience on a single three-arm robot unit of more than 700 consecutive robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous reports have suggested that a 2% to 5% device failure rate (FR) be quoted when counseling patients about robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RLRP). We sought to evaluate our FR on the da Vinci system. PATIENTS AND METHODS Since February 2003, more than 800 RLRPs have been performed at our institution using a single three-armed robotic unit. A prospective database was analyzed to determine the device FR and whether it resulted in case abortion or open conversion. Intuitive Surgical Systems provided data concerning the system's performance, including its fault rate. Error messages were classified as recoverable and non-recoverable faults. RESULTS Between February 2003 and November 2006, 725 RLRP cases were available for evaluation. There were no intraoperative device failures that resulted in a case conversion. Technical errors resulting in surgeon handicap occurred in 3 cases (0.4%). Four patients (0.5%) had their procedures aborted secondary to system failure at initial set-up prior to patient entrance to the operating room. Data analysis retrieved from the da Vinci console reported on a total of 807 procedures since 2003. Only 4 cases (0.4%) were reported from the Intuitive Surgical database to result in either an aborted or a converted case, which compares favorably with our results. Since the last computer system upgrade (September 2005), the mean recoverable and non-recoverable fault rates per procedure were 0.21 and 0.05, respectively. CONCLUSIONS For all the advanced features the da Vinci system offers, it is surprisingly reliable. Throughout our RLRP experience, device failure resulted in case conversion, procedure abortion, and surgeon handicap in 0, 0.5%, and 0.4% of procedures, respectively. As such, a lowered device FR of 0.5% should be used when counseling patients undergoing RLRP. To avoid futile general anesthesia, a policy should be enforced to ensure that the da Vinci system is completely set up before the patient enters the operating room.
Vesicular glutamate transporter DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA is present in C1 and several other groups of brainstem catecholaminergic neurons

The mouse glutamate vesicular transporter VGLUT2 has recently been characterized. The rat homolog of VGLUT2, differentiation‐associated Na+/Pi cotransporter (DNPI), was examined using a digoxigenin‐labeled DNPI/VGLUT2 cRNA probe in the present study to determine which, if any, of the various groups of pontine or medullary monoaminergic neurons express DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA and, thus, are potentially glutamatergic. DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA was widely distributed within the brainstem and seemed exclusively neuronal. By using a double in situ hybridization method, the presence of the mRNA for DNPI/VGLUT2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)‐67 was mutually exclusive. By combining DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA detection and conventional immunohistochemistry, DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA was undetectable in lower brainstem cholinergic and serotonergic cells, but it was present in several tyrosine hydroxylase‐immunoreactive (TH‐ir) cell groups. DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA was detected in most of the adrenergic neurons of the C1, C2, and C3 groups (75–80% of TH‐ir neurons), in the A2 noradrenergic group (80%), and in vast numbers of area postrema cells. Within the A1 region, many fewer TH‐ir cells contained DNPI/VGLUT2 (16%). Finally, DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA was undetectable in the pontine noradrenergic cell groups (A5 and A6/locus coeruleus). In conclusion, the general pattern of DNPI/VGLUT2 expression and its exclusion from GABAergic, cholinergic, and serotonergic neurons supports the notion that DNPI/VGLUT2 mRNA identifies a subset of glutamatergic neurons in the lower brainstem. Within this region several catecholaminergic cell groups appear to be glutamatergic, including but not limited to the adrenergic cell groups C1–C3. Based on the present evidence, the noradrenergic cell groups of the pons (A5 and A6) do not contain either known vesicular glutamate transporter and are most likely not glutamatergic. J. Comp. Neurol. 444:191–206, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
P‐glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A act together in restricting the oral bioavailability of paclitaxel

Paclitaxel is avidly transported by P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp/MDR1/ABCB1). This results in low oral bioavailability, which can be boosted by coadministration of P‐gp inhibitors. Unlike paclitaxel, docetaxel is extensively metabolized by CYP3A4 and its oral bioavailability can be enhanced in mice and humans by coadministration of the potent CYP3A inhibitor ritonavir. Unexpectedly, ritonavir also enhances the oral bioavailability of paclitaxel in humans. We aimed to resolve the mechanism underlying this enhancement. Using mice lacking Cyp3a and/or P‐gp, we investigated the combined and separate restricting roles of Cyp3a and P‐gp in the oral bioavailability of paclitaxel, and the boosting effect of ritonavir. CYP3A4‐humanized mice were used for translation to the human situation. P‐gp had a dominant effect (11.6‐fold, p < 0.001) over Cyp3a (<1.5‐fold, n.s.) in limiting plasma concentrations of oral paclitaxel. However, in the absence of P‐gp, Cyp3a decreased paclitaxel plasma concentrations twofold (p < 0.001). Coadministered ritonavir inhibited Cyp3a‐mediated metabolism, but not P‐gp‐mediated transport of paclitaxel. Owing to the dominant effect of P‐gp, ritonavir enhanced only paclitaxel plasma concentrations in P‐gp‐deficient mice. Mouse liver microsomes metabolized paclitaxel far less efficiently than human or CYP3A4‐transgenic liver microsomes, revealing much lower efficiency of paclitaxel metabolism by mouse than by human CYP3As. Accordingly, ritonavir could enhance the oral bioavailability of paclitaxel in CYP3A4‐humanized mice, despite the fact that these mice are P‐gp‐proficient. Our results show that CYP3A4 inhibition most likely underlies the boosting effect of ritonavir on oral paclitaxel bioavailability in humans. Furthermore, CYP3A4‐humanized mice allow improved understanding of CYP3A4‐mediated paclitaxel metabolism in humans.
Predicting Floor-Level for 911 Calls with Neural Networks and Smartphone Sensor Data

In cities with tall buildings, emergency responders need an accurate floor level location to find 911 callers quickly. We introduce a system to estimate a victim's floor level via their mobile device's sensor data in a two-step process. First, we train a neural network to determine when a smartphone enters or exits a building via GPS signal changes. Second, we use a barometer equipped smartphone to measure the change in barometric pressure from the entrance of the building to the victim's indoor location. Unlike impractical previous approaches, our system is the first that does not require the use of beacons, prior knowledge of the building infrastructure, or knowledge of user behavior. We demonstrate real-world feasibility through 63 experiments across five different tall buildings throughout New York City where our system predicted the correct floor level with 100% accuracy.
A Novel Approach to Semantic Similarity Measurement Based on a Weighted Concept Lattice: Exemplifying Geo-Information

The measurement of semantic similarity has been widely recognized as having a fundamental and key role in information science and information systems. Although various models have been proposed to measure semantic similarity, these models are not able effectively to quantify the weights of relevant factors that impact on the judgement of semantic similarity, such as the attributes of concepts, application context, and concept hierarchy. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that comprehensively considers the effects of various factors on semantic similarity judgment, which we name semantic similarity measurement based on a weighted concept lattice (SSMWCL). A feature model and network model are integrated together in SSMWCL. Based on the feature model, the combined weight of each attribute of the concepts is calculated by merging its information entropy and inclusion-degree importance in a specific application context. By establishing the weighted concept lattice, the relative hierarchical depths of concepts for comparison are computed according to the principle of the network model. The integration of feature model and network model enables SSMWCL to take account of differences in concepts more comprehensively in semantic similarity measurement. Additionally, a workflow of SSMWCL is designed to demonstrate these procedures and a case study of geo-information is conducted to assess the approach.
Pharmaceutical Technologies for Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs

The oral bioavailability of BCS (biopharmaceutics clas- sification system) class II drugs with poor solubility and reasonable permeability is limited by the drug dissolution step from drug products. Though prodrug approach is an exciting way of improving the oral bioavailability, it re- quires extensive studies to establish the safety profile of prodrugs in humans. In view of the increasing market share of oral drug products, a variety of technologies are devel- oped to enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs using the excipients with approved or GRAS (gener- ally regarded as safe) status. The present review describes the main technologies such as micronization, nanosizing, crystal engineering, solid dispersions, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles and other colloidal drug delivery sys- tems with a few relevant research reports.
The Sequence of a Nearly Unclonable 22·8 kb Segment on the Left Arm of Chromosome VII from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals ARO2, RPL9A, TIP1, MRF1, Genes and Six New Open Reading Frames

The nucleotide sequence of 22 803 bp on the left arm of chromosome VII was determined by polymerase chain reaction‐based approaches to compensate for the unstable character of cosmid clones from this region of the chromosome. The coding density of the sequence is particularly high (more than 83%). Twelve open reading frames (ORFs) longer than 300 bp were found, two of which (at the left side) have been described previously (James et al., 1995) after sequencing of an overlapping cosmid. Four other ORFs correspond to published sequences of the known genes ARO2, RPL9A, TIP1 and MRF1. ARO2 codes for chorismate synthetase, RPL9A for protein L9 of the large ribosomal subunit and MRF1 for a mitochondrial translation release factor. The TIP1 product interacts with Sec20p and is thus involved in transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi. Five of the remaining ORFs have not been identified previously, while the sixth (YGL142c) has been partially sequenced as it lies 5′ upstream of MRF1. These six ORFs are relatively large (between 933 and 3657 nucleotides). YGL146c, YGL142c, YGL140c and YGL139w have no significant homology to any protein sequence presently available in the public databases, but show two, nine, nine and eight putative transmembrane spans, respectively. YGL144c has a serine active site signature of lipases. YGL141w has limited homology to several human proteins, one of which mediates complex formation between papillomavirus E6 oncoprotein and tumor suppressor protein p53. The sequence reported in this paper has been deposited in the EMBL DNA data library under Accession Number X99960. ©1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
KIT Dialogue System for NTCIR-13 STC Japanese Subtask

We introduce three methods for solving the NTCIR-13 STC Japanese Subtask. Method 1 is a retrieval-based method of scoring reply texts using TF-IDF, with relevance filtering using word2vec. Method 2 is a generation-based method using a seq2seq model. Method 3 is a retrieval-based method based on unsupervised clustering of dialogue acts. During the evaluation, Method 1 achieved the best results.
A method for preparing spaceflight RNAlater-fixed Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae) tissue for scanning electron microscopy1

Premise of the study: In spaceflight experiments, tissues for morphologic study are fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde, while tissues for molecular study are fixed in RNAlater; thus, an experiment containing both study components requires multiple fixation strategies. The possibility of using RNAlater-fixed materials for standard SEM-based morphometric investigation was explored to expand the library of tissues available for analysis and maximize usage of samples returned from spaceflight, but these technologies have wide application to any situation where recovery of biological resources is limited. Methods and Results: RNAlater-fixed samples were desalinated in distilled water, dehydrated through graded methanol, plunged into liquid ethane, and transferred to cryovials for freeze-substitution. Sample tissues were critical point dried, mounted, sputter-coated, and imaged. Conclusions: The protocol resulted in acceptable SEM images from RNAlater-fixed Arabidopsis thaliana tissue. The majority of the tissues remained intact, including general morphology and finer details such as root hairs and trichomes.
Note-taking in co-located collaborative visual analytics: Analysis of an observational study

In an observational study, we noticed that record-keeping plays a critical role in the overall process of collaborative visual data analysis. Record-keeping involves recording material for later use, ranging from data about the visual analysis processes and visualization states to notes and annotations that externalize user insights, findings, and hypotheses. In our study, co-located teams worked on collaborative visual analytics tasks using large interactive wall and tabletop displays. Part of our findings is a collaborative data analysis framework that encompasses record-keeping as one of the main activities. In this paper, our primary focus is on note-taking activity. Based on our observations, we characterize notes according to their content, scope, and usage, and describe how they fit into a process of collaborative data analysis. We then discuss suggestions to improve the design of note-taking functionality for co-located collaborative visual analytics tools.
Characterizing Web APIs Combining Supervised Topic Model with Ontology

This paper presents a novel topic modeling(TM) approach for discovering meaningful topics for Web APIs, which is a potential dimensionality reduction way for efficient and effective classification, retrieval, organization, and management of numerous APIs. We exploit the possibility of conducting TM on multi-labeled APIs by combining a supervised TM (known as Labeled LDA) with ontology. Experiments conducting on real-world API data set show that the proposed method outperforms standard Labeled LDA with an average gain of 7.0% in measuring quality of the generated topics. In addition, we also evaluate the similarity matching between topics generated by our method and standard Labeled LDA, which demonstrates the significance of incorporating ontology. key words: Web API, supervised topic model, topic coherence, ontology, multi-labeled
Effect of grape seed extract on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity and peripheral blood lymphocytes in rats exposed to x‐radiation

The present studies were designed to evaluate supplemental grape seed extract (GSE) and vitamin E supplements on lipid peroxidation, on antioxidant systems and peripheral blood lymphocytes in rats exposed to x‐rays. Three groups of rats were investigated: a control group (CG) received intraperitoneal (i.p.) physiological serum 1 mL/day (n = 10), i.p.; a vitamin E group (VG) received 50 mg/kg/day (n = 10); an i.p. grape seed extract group received 50 mg/kg/day (n = 10). Four weeks later, a 6 Gy radiation dose was given to the rats. Blood samples were taken 24 h later after irradiation and lymphocyte, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitrate, nitrite, reduced ascorbic acid, retinol, β‐carotene and ceruloplasmin concentrations were analysed. The levels of GSH (p < 0.05), retinol (p < 0.001), β‐carotene (p < 0.05) and ceruloplasmin concentration (p < 0.001) in the GSE group were found to be higher than in the control group but the level of MDA (p < 0.001) and nitrite concentration (p < 0.05) in rats supplemented with GSE were found to be lower than in the control group.
Characterization and expression of novel singly spliced RNA species of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) expresses the Vif, Vpr, Vpu, and Env proteins through complex differential splicing of a single full-length RNA precursor. We used HIV-1-specific oligonucleotide primer pairs in a quantitative polymerase chain reaction procedure on RNA from fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes infected with HIV-1JR-CSF to detect and characterize the singly spliced RNA species which might encode these proteins. The nucleotide sequences at the junctions of splice donor and acceptor sites of these RNAs were determined. One of these RNAs, which has not been previously described, appears to be a novel HIV-1 RNA encoding Env and/or Vpu proteins.
Preparation, characterization, and in vivo study of rhein solid lipid nanoparticles for oral delivery

In this study, rhein‐SLNs were successfully produced by hot homogenization followed by ultrasonication. Precirol ATO5 in which rhein exhibited higher partition coefficient was selected for preparation of SLNs. In the dynamic light scattering, the rhein‐SLNs showed a smaller size with a mean value of 120.8 ± 7.9 nm and with zeta potential of −16.9 ± 2.3 mV. SLNs exhibited a good stability during the period of 2 months. The SLNs indicated faster drug release with a burst release within 2 hr and followed by a sustained release with a biphasic drug‐release pattern. Comparing with the same concentration (free drug), the cellular cytotoxicity of rhein‐loaded SLNs increased significantly at the same incubation condition. In vivo, the AUC0‐t of rhein in the form of SLNs was significantly increased and was 2.06‐fold that of suspensions group. The results showed an increased oral absorption and improved the oral bioavailability of rhein by the formulation of SLNs.
Multi-Channel Packet-Analysis System Based on IEEE 802.15.4 Packet-Capturing Modules

There have been increasing demands for research into multi-channel-based wireless sensor network protocols and applications to support requirements such as increased throughput and real-time or reliable transmission. Researchers or developers of these protocols and applications have to simultaneously analyze the exchanged packets for correctness of both their contents and message exchange timelines. However, if developers were to use multiple conventional single-channel packet sniffers for this purpose, debugging during development and the verification process becomes extremely tedious and difficult because of the need to check the correctness of the protocols over multiple channels individually. Therefore, we present a multi-channel packet-analysis system (MPAS) that helps in debugging and verification for multi-channel protocols or applications. Wireless packets are detected and timestamped by each sniffer module in the MPAS for each channel, and packets are preprocessed and transmitted to a GUI-based analyzer, which then parses the received packets and shows them in order. We present the design and implementation results of the MPAS and evaluate its performance by comparing it against a widely used packet sniffer.