Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling PM Rotary-Linear Motors with Twin-Stator Using 3D FEMM

ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.1 1.1 Overview of the Thesis.1 1.2 Objectives of the Thesis.6 1.3 Outline of the Thesis.7 CHAPTER 2: PM AC MOTORS.8 CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF 2D AND 3D FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM) SOFTWARES USED IN THE THESIS.10 3.1 Finite Element Method.10 3.2 FEMM 4.0. 14 3.3 Maxwell 12v.15 3.4 RM Expert.15 CHAPTER 4: TARLPM MOTORS WITH TWIN ARMATURE.17 4.1 General Description of TARLPM Motor with Rotary and Linear Armatures.17 4.2 PM Motor with Rotary Armature.18 4.2. 1 Design Parameters of PM Motor with Rotary Armature.18 4.2. 2 Magnetic Field Density.22 4.2. 3 Electromagnetic Torque . 24 4.2. 4 Cogging Torque . 26 4.3 PM Motor with Linear Armature.30 4.3.1 Design Parameters of PM Motor with Linear Armature.30 4.3.2 Magnetic Field Density . 33 4.3.3 Axial Force.34 4.3.4 Cogging Force.35 4.4 PM Motor with Two Rotary Armatures.36 4.4.1 Design Parameters of PM Motor with Two Rotary Armatures.36 4.4.2 Electromagnetic Torque and Linear Force Developed by the Motor. 37 4.4.3 Torque Ripple Reduction.41 4.5 PM Motor with Two Linear Armatures . 42 4.5. 1 Design Parameters of PM Synchronous Motor with Two Linear Armatures.42 4.5. 2 Axial Force and Torque.44 4.5. 3 Force Ripple Reduction . 45 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE OF STUDY.46
Wellbeing and brain structure: A comprehensive phenotypic and genetic study of image‐derived phenotypes in the UK Biobank

Wellbeing, an important component of mental health, is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Previous association studies between brain structure and wellbeing have typically focused on volumetric measures and employed small cohorts. Using the UK Biobank Resource, we explored the relationships between wellbeing and brain morphometrics (volume, thickness and surface area) at both phenotypic and genetic levels. The sample comprised 38,982 participants with neuroimaging and wellbeing phenotype data, of which 19,234 had genotypes from which wellbeing polygenic scores (PGS) were calculated. We examined the association of wellbeing phenotype and PGS with all brain regions (including cortical, subcortical, brainstem and cerebellar regions) using multiple linear models, including (1) basic neuroimaging covariates and (2) additional demographic factors that may synergistically impact wellbeing and its neural correlates. Genetic correlations between genomic variants influencing wellbeing and brain structure were also investigated. Small but significant associations between wellbeing and volumes of several cerebellar structures (β = 0.015–0.029, PFDR = 0.007–3.8 × 10−9), brainstem, nucleus accumbens and caudate were found. Cortical associations with wellbeing included volume of right lateral occipital, thickness of bilateral lateral occipital and cuneus, and surface area of left superior parietal, supramarginal and pre‐/post‐central regions. Wellbeing‐PGS was associated with cerebellar volumes and supramarginal surface area. Small mediation effects of wellbeing phenotype and PGS on right VIIIb cerebellum were evident. No genetic correlation was found between wellbeing and brain morphometric measures. We provide a comprehensive overview of wellbeing‐related brain morphometric variation. Notably, small effect sizes reflect the multifaceted nature of this concept.
Defective VWF secretion due to expression of MYH9-RD E1841K mutant in endothelial cells disrupts hemostasis

Abstract Mutations in MYH9, the gene encoding the heavy chain of nonmuscle myosin IIa (NMII-A), cause MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD), which is an autosomal-dominant thrombocytopenia with bleeding tendency. Previously, we showed that NMII-A in endothelial cells (ECs) is critical for hemostasis via regulating von Willebrand factor (VWF) release from Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). The aim of this study was to determine the role of the expression of MYH9 mutants in ECs in the pathogenesis of the MYH9-RD bleeding symptom. First, we expressed the 5 most common NMII-A mutants in ECs and found that E1841K mutant-expressing ECs secreted less VWF than the controls in response to a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling agonist. Then, we generated 2 knockin mouse lines, 1 with Myh9 E1841K in ECs and the other in megakaryocytes. Endothelium-specific E1841K mice exhibited impaired cAMP-induced VWF release and a prolonged bleeding time with normal platelets, whereas megakaryocyte-specific E1841K mice exhibited macrothrombocytopenia and a prolonged bleeding time with normal VWF release. Finally, we presented mechanistic findings that E1841K mutation not only interferes with S1943 phosphorylation and impairs the peripheral distribution of Rab27a-positive WPBs in Ecs under quiescent condition but also interferes with S1916 phosphorylation by disrupting the interaction with zyxin and CKIIα and reduces actin framework formation around WPBs and subsequent VWF secretion under the stimulation by a cAMP agonist. Altogether, our results suggest that impaired cAMP-induced endothelial VWF secretion by E1841K mutant expression may contribute to the MYH9-RD bleeding phenotype.
Implementation of physical activity interventions in a community‐based youth mental healthcare service: A case study of context, strategies, and outcomes

Physical activity interventions are recommended for community‐based youth mental health services to prevent physical health disparities. Implementation is challenging, and studies focusing on the methods to achieve change are needed. This study aims to identify the context, implementation strategies, and implementation outcomes that illustrate how physical activity interventions were implemented within an early intervention service in Australia.
Inequalities in care for the people with diabetes in Brazil: A nationwide study, 2019

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate inequalities in care for people with diabetes in Brazil. This cross-sectional population-based study was carried out in 2019 and evaluated care provided by receiving advice, requesting laboratory tests, and performing examinations. We used the slope index of inequality and concentration index to assess inequalities according to educational level and Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios for each outcome in the education category. We assessed a total of 6317 people with diabetes, 41.8% had their eyes checked, and 36.1% had their feet examined in the previous year. Prevalence for both examinations was 2.45 times higher in those from the highest level of education compared to those from the lowest level. The largest absolute differences (in percentage points) between the lowest and highest education levels in care indicators were the following: request for glycated hemoglobin test (39.0), glucose curve test (31.4), and eyes checked in the previous year (29.7). There were notable inequalities in the prevalence ratios of care provided to people with diabetes in Brazil. Requests for glycated hemoglobin tests, glucose curve tests, eye and feet examinations should be emphasized, especially for people from lower educational levels.
Actions of WNT family member 5A to regulate characteristics of development of the bovine preimplantation embryo

Abstract WNT signaling is important for regulation of embryonic development. The most abundant WNT gene expressed in the bovine endometrium during the preimplantation period is WNT5A. One objective was to determine whether WNT5A regulates competence of the bovine preimplantation embryo to become a blastocyst and alters the number of cells in the inner cell mass and trophectoderm. A second objective was to delineate features of the cell-signaling mechanisms involved in WNT5A actions. WNT5A caused a concentration-dependent increase in the proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage and in the number of inner cell mass cells in the resultant blastocysts. A concentration of 200 ng/mL was most effective, and a higher concentration of 400 ng/mL was not stimulatory. Bovine serum albumin in culture reduced the magnitude of effects of WNT5A on development to the blastocyst stage. WNT5A affected expression of 173 genes at the morula stage; all were upregulated by WNT5A. Many of the upregulated genes were associated with cell signaling. Actions of WNT5A on development to the blastocyst stage were suppressed by a Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) signaling inhibitor, suggesting that WNT5A acts through Ras homology gene family member A (RhoA)/ROCK signaling. Other experiments indicated that actions of WNT5A are independent of the canonical β-catenin signaling pathway and RAC1/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. This is the first report outlining the actions of WNT5A to alter the development of the mammalian embryo. These findings provide insights into how embryokines regulate maternal–embryonic communication. Summary Sentence: WNT5A, one of the most abundant cell-signaling ligands expressed in the endometrium, is an important regulator of early development because it can act on the preimplantation bovine embryo to improve competence to develop to the blastocyst stage and increase the number of cells in inner cell mass. Graphical Abstract
Highly active disease and access to disease-modifying treatments in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Poland.

INTRODUCTION In Poland, access to second-line disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is limited by reimbursement criteria that require evidence of more aggressive disease compared to the approved indications. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a retrospective study carried out in DMT clinics across Poland, we asked neurologists to provide patient data on relapses and neuroimaging disease activity. Included were only patients with active disease, defined as one or more relapse and at least one new lesion between starting DMT and the last visit. For patients who had not received DMT, active disease was defined as at least one gadolinium-positive lesion or two or more new T2 lesions and two or more relapses within 12 months. We analysed the proportions of patients eligible for second-line DMTs based on the current reimbursement criteria and based on the broader criteria, which were in line with the approved indications. RESULTS In total, 48 neurologists provided data for 641 patients (women 64%; mean age 38 years). Of the 641 patients, 610 (95%) received DMTs: 532 first-line and 78 second-line. Of the 532 patients on first-line DMTs, 40 (7.5%) were eligible for second-line treatment based on the current reimbursement criteria, and an additional 126 (23.6%) would be eligible for second-line treatment based on the broader criteria. Of the 31 patients who did not receive any DMTs, one patient was eligible for second-line treatment, and another two patients would be eligible for second-line treatment based on the broader criteria. Moreover, 13 previously treated patients would be eligible for second-line DMTs based on the broader criteria. When extrapolated to the whole of Poland, our study shows that an additional 1,581 patients would be eligible for second-line DMTs if the current reimbursement criteria were to be replaced by broader criteria complying with the approved indications. CONCLUSIONS An urgent change is required in the reimbursement criteria in order to expand access to second-line DMTs for patients with relapsing-remitting MS in Poland.
Efficient assembly of long DNA fragments and multiple genes with improved nickase‐based cloning and Cre/ loxP recombination

Summary Functional genomics, synthetic biology and metabolic engineering require efficient tools to deliver long DNA fragments or multiple gene constructs. Although numerous DNA assembly methods exist, most are complicated, time‐consuming and expensive. Here, we developed a simple and flexible strategy, unique nucleotide sequence‐guided nicking endonuclease (UNiE)‐mediated DNA assembly (UNiEDA), for efficient cloning of long DNAs and multigene stacking. In this system, a set of unique 15‐nt 3′ single‐strand overhangs were designed and produced by nicking endonucleases (nickases) in vectors and insert sequences. We introduced UNiEDA into our modified Cre/loxP recombination‐mediated TransGene Stacking II (TGSII) system to generate an improved multigene stacking system we call TGSII‐UNiE. Using TGSII‐UNiE, we achieved efficient cloning of long DNA fragments of different sizes and assembly of multiple gene cassettes. Finally, we engineered and validated the biosynthesis of betanin in wild tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) leaves and transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) using multigene stacking constructs based on TGSII‐UNiE. In conclusion, UNiEDA is an efficient, convenient and low‐cost method for DNA cloning and multigene stacking, and the TGSII‐UNiE system has important application prospects for plant functional genomics, genetic engineering and synthetic biology research.
Comparison of perioperative indicators, treatment efficacy, and postoperative complications between tonsillotomy and tonsillectomy for children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the perioperative indicators, treatment efficacy, and postoperative complications between tonsillotomy and tonsillectomy for children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. METHODS: A total of 134 children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were divided into tonsillotomy group (n=66) and tonsillectomy group (n=68). The tonsillotomy group received tonsillotomy treatment with a power cutter, while the tonsillectomy group received tonsillectomy treatment. The perioperative indicators, treatment efficacy, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in operative time between the two groups (p>0.05), with significant difference in amount of blood loss, postoperative Visual Analogue Scale score, food intake amount, and general diet-taking starting time between the two groups (p<0.05). The total effective rate of treatment had no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). There was significant difference in postoperative bleeding, upper respiratory tract infection, and pharyngeal scar grade between the two groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with tonsillectomy treatment for children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, tonsillotomy treatment is more beneficial to optimize the perioperative indicators, relieve the postoperative pain, facilitate the postoperative recovery, and reduce the postoperative complications, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Adaptive Semantic-Enhanced Transformer for Image Captioning

In the research on image captioning, rich semantic information is very important for generating critical caption words as guiding information. However, semantic information from offline object detectors involves many semantic objects that do not appear in the caption, thereby bringing noise into the decoding process. To produce more accurate semantic guiding information and further optimize the decoding process, we propose an end-to-end adaptive semantic-enhanced transformer (AS-Transformer) model for image captioning. For semantic enhancement information extraction, we propose a constrained weaklysupervised learning (CWSL) module, which reconstructs the semantic object’s probability distribution detected by the multiple instances learning (MIL) through a joint loss function. These strengthened semantic objects from the reconstructed probability distribution can better depict the semantic meaning of images. Also, for semantic enhancement decoding, we propose an adaptive gated mechanism (AGM) module to adjust the attention between visual and semantic information adaptively for the more accurate generation of caption words. Through the joint control of the CWSL module and AGM module, our proposed model constructs a complete adaptive enhancement mechanism from encoding to decoding and obtains visual context that is more suitable for captions. Experiments on the public Microsoft Common Objects in COntext (MSCOCO) and Flickr30K datasets illustrate that our proposed AS-Transformer can adaptively obtain effective semantic information and adjust the attention weights between semantic and visual information automatically, which achieves more accurate captions compared with semantic enhancement methods and outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
regulation of HSF, and the acquisition of thermotolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

21 Although it has been documented that plants generate isothiocyanates (ITCs) through the 22 glucosinolate-myrosinase system to defend against biotic stresses, the roles of ITCs in 23 defending against abiotic stresses have scarcely been studied. Here, we report that exogenously 24 applied ITCs enhance the heat tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana . Pre-administration of 25 phenethyl ITC to Arabidopsis plants mitigated growth inhibition after heat stress at 55 o C for 1 h. 26 Although methyl ITC and allyl ITC also tended to reduce the growth inhibition that the same 27 heat treatment caused, the reduction effects were weaker. The expression levels of heat shock 28 protein 70 genes in Arabidopsis were elevated after phenethyl ITC treatment. These results 29 suggest that ITCs may act as heat-tolerance enhancers in plants. enhances heat tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Employees’ Perception towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives of Ethiopian Brewery Industry

The relationships that a business has with the society have been discussed by several scholars for decades in the context of corporate social responsibility and stakeholder theory. The idea of stakeholder as a central tenant in CSR involves ethical and organizational practices where corporations bear the responsibility of their impact on all organizational stakeholders; this, in turn, determines societies’ desire to legitimate business practices. The main objective of the study is to examine the perception of employees toward CSR initiatives of the brewery industry in Ethiopia. For the study purpose, a cross-sectional research design and survey method was employed. Convenience sampling technique was used to select participants and collected primary data from a total of 429 employees of major five brewery firms . The result of study indicated that the perception of employees, customers, community and environmental aspect of CSR and the overall perception of CSR initiatives of brewery firms were above average but, the least mean score was registered to employee aspect of CSR. Therefore, companies that choose to implement CSR approach must emphasize on employees’ aspect of CSR first and other stakeholder groups afterwards since the success and failure of firms, including CSR implementation are largely depend on commitment, and motivation of employees.
of Resistant and Susceptible Lettuce Cultivars by a Green Fluorescent Protein-Tagged fluorescent

of by a Abstract: Interactions between lettuce and a green fluorescent protein (GFP)- expressing, race 1 isolate of Verticillium dahliae, were studied to determine infection and colonization of lettuce cultivars resistant and susceptible to Verticillium wilt. The roots of lettuce seedlings were inoculated with a conidial suspension of the GFP-expressing isolate. Colonization was studied with the aid of laser scanning confocal and epi-fluorescence microscopes. Few differences in the initial infection and colonization of lateral roots were observed between resistant and susceptible cultivars. Hyphal colonies formed on root tips and within the root elongation zones by 5 days, leading to the colonization of cortical tissues and penetration of vascular elements regardless of the lettuce cultivar by 2 weeks. By 8 to 10 weeks after inoculation, vascular discoloration developed within the taproot and crown regions of susceptible cultivars well in advance of V. access, publishing platform ABSTRACT and K. 2008. Colonization of resistant and susceptible lettuce cultivars by a green fluorescent protein-tagged isolate of Verticillium dahliae. Phytopathology 98:871-885. Interactions between lettuce and a green fluorescent protein (GFP)- expressing, race 1 isolate of Verticillium dahliae , were studied to determine infection and colonization of lettuce cultivars resistant and suscepti- ble to Verticillium wilt. The roots of lettuce seedlings were inoculated with a conidial suspension of the GFP-expressing isolate. Colonization was studied with the aid of laser scanning confocal and epi-fluorescence microscopes. Few differences in the initial infection and colonization of lateral roots were observed between resistant and susceptible cultivars. Hyphal colonies formed on root tips and within the root elongation zones by 5 days, leading to the colonization of cortical tissues and penetration of vascular elements regardless of the lettuce cultivar by 2 weeks. By 8 to 10 weeks after inoculation, vascular discoloration developed within the taproot and crown regions of susceptible cultivars well in advance of V. dahliae colonization. Actual foliar wilt coincided with the colonization of the taproot and crown areas and the eruption of mycelia into surrounding cortical tissues. Advance colonization of stems, pedicels, and inflores- cence, including developing capitula and mature achenes was observed. and endosperm; but the embryo was never compromised. Resistant lettuce cultivars remained free of disease symptoms. Furthermore, V. dahliae colonization never progressed beyond infected lateral roots of resistant cultivars. Results indicated that resistance in lettuce may lie with the plant’s ability to shed infected lateral roots or to inhibit the systemic progress of the fungus through vascular tissues into the taproot.
BASELINE THYROID HORMONE INVESTIGATIONS IN SEVEN PATIENTS WITH HETEROPHILS ANTIBODIES WHEN FIRST TESTED

The prevalence of heterophilic antibody interference in a modern immunochemiluminometric assay containing blocking agents was determined using thyrotropin as an illustrative example. Serum samples were obtained from 295 consecutive patients who underwent routine thyroid function testing. The following ver sions of the thyrotropin assay were used: protocol A (zero blocker), protocol B (routine blocker concentration), and protocol C (extra blocker). the protocol B value). The observed thyrotropin levels for proto cols B and C were the same for all patients, consistent with the reagent blockers in routine assays adequately eliminating het erophilic antibody interference. However, seven more patients (0.03%) in a series of 21,000 assessed by routine thyroid function testing had discordant results because of a concentration of het erophilic antibodies so high as to overwhelm the added blocking agents. (Key
total genealogy

the population reaches size z before going extinct (reaching size 0), i.e. conditioned on the event Tz < T0. We also explain how to derive further properties of the conditioned Markov chain. We first restrict our Markov chain to the states 4 0, 1, . , z − 1, z, where 0 and z are absorbing states and 1, . , z − 1 are transient, that is the Markov chain will leave them at some time. We can write the transition probability matrix of the original Markov chain as 6