Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low loss Multi-Port Power Divider for BSA Application

This paper presents a multiport power divider for base station antenna application. Over these years, power dividers have been changing their structures and technology in order to be compatible with the newer changes adopted in designing of communication systems. From being operated as a single-frequency component to being flexible with dual-frequency bands, Wilkinson power dividers have come a long way to become an important and integral part of various RF/microwave devices. The recent technologies for cellular communication have motivated researchers to work on miniaturization and harmonic suppression of power dividers to make them more compact and efficient. Both equal and unequal power dividers are largely employed for L and S-Band applications (GSM, CDMA, Personnel communication systems). S- Parameters such a return loss, insertion loss and isolation between output ports plays an important role in their designing.In this paper the sector microstrip multiple port power dividers is analyzed by using the fullwave finite element method. Design a new type power divider with different geometrical and physical parameters namely the substrate dielectric constant, substrate height and power divider radius. The maximum error in calculating the centre frequency of the power divider does not exceed. 10-port, 7-port, 5-port, 4-port and 3-port, sector microstrip power dividers are realized on epoxy substrates using PCB fabrication. Good agreement is found between the experimental and numerical results obtained from both the finite element method and the ready-made software package HFSS.
Software-based Networking in Railway Systems

Railway networking systems are critical infrastructures that must support fast, reliable and low delay communications. Technologies still used in those infrastructures---such as GSM-R, evolving into LTE-R are becoming more complex, yet more flexible, and evolving to "software defined" architectures. The technologies presented and explored in this work are expected to change the future of these types of critical systems. The main goal of this work is to study the key benefits of using the SDN model to control the next generation railways networking infrastructures. The safety, security and correctness properties of SDN controllers in high availability railway networks will be analyzed, for compliance with the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS)/European Train Control System (ETCS) specifications, and in the context of a real project being deployed in a Portuguese Railway by Thales Portugal. From the analysis of the project requirements and the selected network equipment, it was possible to evaluate and propose adequate methods to automatically derive network re-configuration strategies, namely in case of failure events---e.g., preventing packet loss affecting vital railway traffic signaling procedures---in order to reduce field intervention and complexity in those infrastructures.
P2PNIC: High-Speed Packet Forwarding by Direct Communication between NICs

Against the background of the contiguous growth of the Internet and data center traffic, the performance requirement for software middleboxes is increasing rapidly. Although their performance has been improved by continuous research and development, their packet forwarding architecture depends on the CPU and the main memory. Thus, their throughput cannot exceed the limit of the memory bandwidth, for instance. To address these limits, we propose a novel packet forwarding architecture called P2PNIC. In P2PNIC, a NIC directly communicates with other NICs through the PCIe interconnect without CPU and main memory involvement, like the inter-linecard communication in a hardware router. To show the feasibility and the performance advantages of P2PNIC architecture, we implemented P2PNIC on a programmable 40 GbE NIC and compared the throughput and latency with TestPMD, which is an application of DPDK. The evaluation shows that P2PNIC achieves 40.37 Mpps for 64-byte packets, which is 1.45 times higher than TestPMD. In addition, P2PNIC shows 36% lower latency than TestPMD for 64-byte packets with 1 Gbps background traffic. The P2PNIC architecture accelerates packet forwarding on a general-purpose server and advances software-based network technologies.
A Deep Learning Strategy for Water Quality Monitoring

Water quality is a global concern and monitoring water quality is essential to maintain a healthy ecosystem. Factors such as erosion, industrial waste, and global warming deteriorate the water quality catalysing the water scarcity. Therefore, a quintessential analysis and forecasting model for water quality is the need of the hour. The existing water quality forecasting techniques are awful and futile because of the complex and diversity of the generated data from such systems. Emerging technologies such as deep learning and Internet of Things (IoT) have the potential to explore productive solutions in this domain. A distinctive model for water quality monitoring and forecasting is proposed in this paper. The model proposed in this paper uses Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for quality categorization. Parameters such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), turbidity, and water temperature are collected. The data collected from the sensors is stored on a server and can be used for analysing the quality of water. Issues related to latency, packet loss in the IoT networks are addressed. An algorithm is developed to classify the water quality based on the samples read from the sensors.
Heuristic and Metaheuristic Techniques based Distribution Network Reconfiguration. Case study: IEEE 33 Bus System

The paper deals with distribution network reconfiguration tackled through two approaches. The 1st one refers to a heuristic method named Sequential Switch Opening (SSO). The 2nd one is based on genetic algorithms (GA). To achieve this goal a software tool has been developed. The well-known IEEE 33 bus system is used as case study. The complete AC power flow computing is used for operating conditions. For reconfiguration purposes the binary coded GA has been used.
Statistical and Network Analysis of Shared Bikes – In the Case of Almaty Bike

In this paper we analyze bike riding patterns in Almaty by employing the annual data from Almaty Bike system. The main contribution of the paper is explaining the factors effecting bike sharing usage in Almaty. To our knowledge this is the first (albeit preliminary) study to investigate behaviors of bike-sharing users in Kazakhstan using statistical and network analysis methods. The analysis shows that mostly bikes are used no more than 20 minutes, for the most part during the daytime, although the peak use is between 7 and 9 pm, and there is no consistent difference between bike use on weekends and weekdays.
The Performace Evaluation of Knowledge Management Systems Implementation In The Organization

The purpose of this study is to see how factors of knowledge management, customer relationship management, and employment programs that affect the realization of the Organization's performance against. The methods used in the writing of this thesis is the analysis of the path and also by using the study library for searching for reference materials. The results of the analysis conducted States that there are influences from factors of knowledge management, customer relationship management, and an influential work program towards the realization of the Organization's performance. The existence of this research, then obtained a model of organizational performance.
An improved second-order electrical equivalent modeling method for the online high power Li-ion battery state of charge estimation

The estimation of power battery state of charge and the selection of an effective equivalent model have always been the focus and difficulty of current research. This article has improved and optimized the traditional Thevenin model, and the performance of the Li-ion-ion battery is tested through Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization (HPPC) experiments. The off-line curve fitting identification method is used to identify the relevant parameters in the model to obtain the intrinsic relationship with the state of charge (SOC). An equivalent circuit model is established on the simulation platform to compare and verify actual data. The error of the verification result is controlled within 3.05%, which proves the effectiveness of the improved Thevenin model. On the basis that the relevant parameters of the equivalent model have been identified, the recursive principle of the extended Kalman filter algorithm (EKF) is studied, and the algorithm is applied to the Li-ion battery SOC estimation to obtain an accurate state estimation of the Li-ion battery. The algorithm is simulated and verified under working conditions, and the verification showed that its accuracy reached more than 98.376%, which ensured the reliability of the battery during use.
Design of n-Way Wideband Filtering Power Dividers With Good Port–Port Isolation

In this article, a novel <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-way topology is proposed to design a class of multiway wideband filtering power dividers (FPDs). It consists of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-coupled multimode resonators and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> resistors. To achieve a wideband filtering response, the stub-loaded multimode resonator is first employed. A good port–port isolation can then be obtained by electrically connecting the original open end of the two half-wavelength stubs of the two adjacent multimode resonators, and amounting a shunt resistor in-between the two adjacent stubs, which is allocated a quarter-wavelength away from the electrical connection point. The frequency responses of power division and isolation are analyzed based on even–odd mode, aiming to carry out theoretical analysis for wideband <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-way power dividers. To verify the proposed design method, a prototype three-way wideband FPD and a four-way wideband FPD are designed and fabricated. The simulated and measured results show a good agreement from each other, thus verifying the feasibility of this proposal.
Simple and Powerful encapsulation through Hybrid Packaging for Electrochemical Transducers

We present a simple and reliable hybrid packaging of rigid electrochemical transducers and flexible foil having electrical connections. Among a large number of biochemical transducers, we target in this work two types of transducers: 3-electrode systems and ion selective field effect transistors (ISFET). The hybrid packaging ensures several requirements such as: biocompatibility to biological analytes, precise tight encapsulation, protection of transducers surface, mechanical stability, reliable electrical contact and light shielding of sensitive parts. The proposed hybrid packaging of biochemical transducers is based on a flip-chip bonding process, which necessitates low-cost materials, a reduced number of processing steps as well as compatibility to common roll-to-roll (R2R) processes.
Multi-label Bird Species Classification Using Transfer Learning

The paper address the task of identifying multiple bird species from audio recordings. The proposed approach uses one of the pre-trained Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN), VGG-16 model to learn the bird’s vocalization through a sliding window analysis on melspectrogram. We adopted an aggregation strategy to decide on the test file in which sigmoid outputs are aggregated and normalized. The candidates with maximum probability scores are assumed to be birds present in the audio recording. The proposed method is evaluated on the Xeno-canto bird sound database. We used bird calls from 10 different species. Mel-spectrograms (visual features) generated from the bird calls were used as input for VGG-16. The performance is also compared with the MFCC-DNN approach. The proposed visualization-based system reports an average F1-score of 0.65 and it outperforms the acoustic cue-based MFCC-DNN approach.
Maturity model of adoption of Information Technologies for universities: An approach from the Smart University perspective

An evolutionary approach for a traditional university to progress through levels towards a smart university can be seen in a maturity model. Although maturity models are numerous and widely applicable, there is little documentation on how to develop them. So far, academics often fall short of providing detailed guidelines and useful tools to support the practical adoption of models developed in universities. Technology management in universities has an impact on the quality of their academic and administrative processes. Smart Technologies such as Big Data, Cloud Computing. Internet of things and Artificial intelligence continue to emerge with great prominence.
Vulnerability Assessment and Presentation Attack Detection Using a Set of Distinct Finger Vein Recognition Algorithms

The act of presenting a forged biometric sample to a bio-metric capturing device is referred to as presentation at-tack. During the last decade this type of attack has been addressed for various biometric traits and is still a widely researched topic. This study follows the idea from a previously published work which employs the usage of twelve algorithms for finger vein recognition in order to perform an extensive vulnerability analysis on a presentation at-tack database. The present work adopts this idea and examines two already existing finger vein presentation attack databases with the goal to evaluate how hazardous these presentation attacks are from a wider perspective. Additionally, this study shows that by combining the matching scores from different algorithms, presentation attack detection can be achieved.
Two-Stage Resistor-Load Logic for Digital Applications on Flexible Substrates

A new standard cell topology, two-stage resistor-load logic, for Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistor (TFT) technology is presented. The proposed inverter topology is compared with conventional one-stage resistor-load gates in terms of robustness (noise margin), speed performance and power consumption. It has been shown that the two-stage resistor-load logic style is more robust against process variations and demonstrates higher speed performance. As a proof of concept, a 4-bit digital multiplier circuit on a flexible substrate is designed and fabricated with 1.66 mm2 area using 800 nm channel length n-type only TFTs. Measured power consumption of the chip is less than 12 mW with 1 MHz of operating clock frequency.1
Performance Analysis of Subcarrier Index Modulation for FrFT-OFDM System

To reduce the inter-carrier interference (ICI) and bit error rate (BER) of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems based on fractional Fourier transform (FrFT-OFDM), subcarrier index modulation (SIM) is utilized in this paper. The fractional factor p of FrFT is also explored. According to theoretical analysis results, p = 2 is the optimal fractional factor for FrFT-OFDM in time and frequency selective fading channel. The result of simulation shows that SIM achieves a lower bit error rate than traditional FrFT-OFDM.
Harnessing Harmonics in Doherty Power Amplifiers [Application Notes]

Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) [1] are widely used as basestation PAs in modern wireless communication systems and have been well-reviewed [2]. Due to its mechanism of load modulation, the DPA exhibits an additional efficiency peak at a certain output power back-off (OBO). This makes the DPA highly desirable for amplifying modulated signals with high peak-to-average power ratios (PAPRs). However, there still are limitations that restrict its use in modern and future wireless communication systems. To meet the insatiable demand for higher data rates, modulated signal formats require an everhigher PAPR (>6 dB). This, in turn, means that the DPA needs to operate at a greater OBO >6 dB). Hence, the design of extended back-off DPAs is of great interest to engineers. Broadband operation is also required, but, unfortunately, the DPA? s efficiency at back-off decreases with an increase in bandwidth. Therefore, a technique to achieve high efficiency at back-off, not at the expense of the bandwidth, is urgently needed.
Change in specific interactions between lactose repressor protein and DNA induced by ligand binding: molecular dynamics and molecular orbital calculations

Lactose repressor protein (LacR) plays an essential role in controlling the transcription mechanism of genomic information from DNA to mRNA. It has been elucidated that a ligand binding to LacR regulates allosterically the specific interactions between LacR and operator DNA. However, the effect of the ligand binding on the specific interactions has not been clarified at an atomic level. In this study, we performed classical molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio fragment molecular orbital simulations to elucidate the effect of ligand binding at atomic and electronic levels. The MD simulations for the solvated complexes with LacR-dimer, DNA and ligand demonstrate that the binding of an inducer IPTG to LacR-dimer significantly changes the structure of LacR-monomer to cause strong interactions between LacR-monomers, resulting in weakening the interactions between LacR-dimer and DNA. In contrast, the binding of an anti-inducer ONPF to LacR-dimer was found to enhance the interactions between LacR-dimer and DNA. These findings are consistent with the functions of IPTG and ONPF as an inducer and an anti-inducer, respectively. We therefore proposed a simplified model for the effect of the ligand binding on the specific interactions between LacR-dimer and DNA.
Control Strategy of Interlinking Converter in Hybrid Microgrid based on Line Impedance Compensation

In order to solve the problem of power deviation caused by voltage drop of line impedance, a control strategy of interlinking converter (IC) in hybrid microgrid based on line impedance compensation is proposed. In this method, one specified harmonic signal whose frequency is closely related to the voltage of point of common coupling (PCC) is injected into IC. The harmonic frequency is obtained by the usage of a filter and phase-locked loop at the ac side of IC, and the line impedance is obtained consequently. Compensating the voltage drop with the estimated line impedance, and the accurate power transmission can be realized. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Survey of Emotion Recognition using Physiological Signal in Wearable Devices

Emotion recognition may establish a clinical framework for measuring emotional wellbeing and screening for quality of life, cognitive dysfunction, and mental disorder. Emotions are conveyed not just through interpersonal actions but also by several physiological differences. Emotions can be monitored using physiological signals in wearable devices such as smartwatches or wrist bands. However, there are various challenges for detecting emotion in unrestricted daily life using wearable or smartwatch devices. These challenges result in lower performances of such systems compared to semi-restricted and laboratory environment studies. The addition of uniqueness in each individual physiological signal, physical activity level, and activity type to the physiological signals can affect classification accuracy of these systems. To tackle these challenges, we present a brief literature review on the study of physiological signals using wearable devices primarily from the last three years. The phase of emotion recognition using physiological signals is briefly defined. This paper also presents listed forms of physiological signals and various sensors for detecting them. In addition, we discussed the emotional models and emotional stimulation approaches. This study is expected to bring new insight into research challenges, limitations, and possible future emotion detection and recognition using wearable or smartwatch devices.
On the Flow of a Polymer Melt Passing Over a Transverse Slot

Abstract The phenomenon of hole pressure occurs whenever a polymeric or viscoelastic liquid flows over a depression in a conduit wall. Numerical simulations undertaken for the flow of an aqueous polyacrylamide melt passing over a transverse slot arc considered here. The fluid model used for this study is a White-Metzner constitutive equation describing the non-Newtonian behavior of the melt. The results were computed by an elastic-viscous split-stress finite clement method (EVSS-FEM). a mixed finite clement method incorporating the non-consistent streamline upwind scheme. For verification, the numerical algorithm was first applied to compute the corresponding flow of the upper-convected Maxwell fluid model, a special case of the Whitc-Metzner model characterized by constant viscosity and relation time. The resulting hole pressure (Ph) was evaluated for various Deborah numbers (De) and compared with the analytical prediction derived from the Higashitani-Pritchard (HP) theory. The agreement was found to be satisfactory for creeping flow in the low De range, for which the HP theory is valid. Subsequently, the hole pressure of this flow problem was predicted. The streamlines and pressure distribution along the channel walls arc also presented. Furthermore, the effects of fluid elasticity, shear thinning, the exponent in the viscosity function and the relaxation-time function, and slot geometry on the hole pressure were investigated.
A Broadband High-Efficiency Rectifier for Mid-Field Wireless Power Transfer

In this letter, a compact broadband high-efficiency microwave rectifier is presented for powering implantable medical devices located deeply in the human body. By utilizing a modified real frequency technique and an RF step-up transformer at the input matching network, the proposed rectifier has a measured conversion efficiency (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\eta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) exceeding 50% over a 62% fractional bandwidth from 900 to 1700 MHz at 0-dBm input power level. For measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\eta $ </tex-math></inline-formula> above 50%, the widest dynamic input power range achieved is from −7 to 14.2 dBm at 1.5 GHz, and the circuit sensitivity reaches up to −20 dBm with at least 8% conversion efficiency. The circuit has a compact size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$16\times11$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm<sup>2</sup>, being suitable for biomedical implant applications.
A Millimeter-wave Open Slot Antenna with 60% Bandwidth

In this work, we propose a novel open slot antenna fed by substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) to achieve a wide bandwidth of about 60%. Different from conventional slot antennas, two short sides of the slot are open which do not connect to any metal. The open slot structure serves as a single-mode resonator with a low Q-factor, and thus contributes a much wider bandwidth than that of conventional slot antennas simultaneously maintains stable radiation performance. Antenna prototypes have been fabricated and measured. The measured results validate that the antenna achieved a wide impedance bandwidth of 59.3% from 50.8 GHz to 93.6 GHz. Meanwhile, the radiation patterns keep stable over the whole operating band.