Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SIGW dual level H-plane horn antenna for millimeter waves

The modified configuration of substrate integrated H-plane horn is presented which is very versatile that enables the horn to have a thin thickness of its planar feed line while having a thick radiating aperture at millimeter wave frequencies. This configuration is based on substrate integrated gap waveguide (SIGW) technology in which the propagating printed ridge is separated with the periodic structure. In this design, the level of the separated ridge has the same thickness of the thin microstrip feeding. The upper level is coupled with a transition to the lower level which is integrated with periodic structure.
Structure of a Conserved Golgi Complex-targeting Signal in Coronavirus Envelope Proteins

Background: Coronavirus envelope (CoV E) proteins have a predicted β-coil-β motif reported to target the Golgi complex. Results: This conserved domain forms β-structure on its own but is α-helical in the context of full-length SARS-CoV E protein. Conclusion: This domain is potentially involved in large conformational transitions. Significance: This is the first structural data of the extramembrane domain of any coronavirus E protein. Coronavirus envelope (CoV E) proteins are ∼100-residue polypeptides with at least one channel-forming α-helical transmembrane (TM) domain. The extramembrane C-terminal tail contains a completely conserved proline, at the center of a predicted β-coil-β motif. This hydrophobic motif has been reported to constitute a Golgi-targeting signal or a second TM domain. However, no structural data for this or other extramembrane domains in CoV E proteins is available. Herein, we show that the E protein in the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus has only one TM domain in micelles, whereas the predicted β-coil-β motif forms a short membrane-bound α-helix connected by a disordered loop to the TM domain. However, complementary results suggest that this motif is potentially poised for conformational change or in dynamic exchange with other conformations.
Mitochondrial respiratory complex I regulates neutrophil activation and severity of lung injury.

RATIONALE Mitochondria have important roles in intracellular energy generation, modulation of apoptosis, and redox-dependent intracellular signaling. Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) participate in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, including activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, there is only limited information concerning the role of mitochondrially derived ROS in modulating cellular activation and tissue injury associated with acute inflammatory processes. OBJECTIVES To examine involvement of the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I on LPS-mediated NF-kappaB activation in neutrophils and neutrophil-dependent acute lung injury. METHODS Neutrophils incubated with rotenone or metformin were treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to determine the effects of mitochondrial complex I inhibition on intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species, NF-kappaB activation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Acute lung injury was produced by intratracheal injection of LPS into control, metformin, or rotenone-treated mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Inhibition of complex I with either rotenone or the antihyperglycemic agent metformin was associated with increased intracellular levels of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, as well as inhibition of LPS-induced I kappaB-alpha degradation, NF-kappaB nuclear accumulation, and proinflammatory cytokine production. Treatment of LPS-exposed mice with rotenone or metformin resulted in inhibition of complex I in the lungs, as well as diminished severity of lung injury. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that mitochondrial complex I plays an important role in modulating Toll-like receptor 4-mediated neutrophil activation and suggest that metformin, as well as other agents that inhibit mitochondrial complex I, may be useful in the prevention or treatment of acute inflammatory processes in which activated neutrophils play a major role, such as acute lung injury.
PIC simulation of a millimeter wave gyrotron for DNP/NMR application

In this paper, the design and simulation studies of a millimeter wave gyrotron is presented for DNP/NMR applications. The RF interaction cavity is designed to operate in a higher order TE52 mode resonating at 250 GHz. The Eigen mode analysis of gyrotron cavity with and without taper has been studied for mode confinement and Q-factor calculation. The Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation is used to study the transient behavior of the device. The hot simulation produced a continuous wave (CW) RF power of ∼ 108 W in TE52 mode at 249.9 GHz with a wide instantaneous bandwidth 3 GHz centered about 250 GHz. The magnetic field has been optimized as 9.1 Tesla.
XVI. Yeast sequencing reports. DNA sequence analysis of a 10·4 kbp region on the right arm of yeast chromosome XVI positions GPH1 and SGV1 adjacent to KRE6, and identifies two novel tRNA genes

Determination of DNA sequence in the KRE6 region of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome completes a 10·4 kbp section on the extreme right arm of chromosome XVI. This segment contains two additional genes, GPH1 and SGV1 (Hwang et al., 1989; Irei et al., 1991) previously assigned physically to chromosome XVI, as well as a new tRNAGly gene, and a novel tRNAAla gene which is flanked by a sigma element. The complete 10·4 kbp DNA sequence has been entered in GenBank with accession number L33835.
ON THE IMPORTANCE OF OUTFLOW BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR HEMODYNAMIC MODELLING OF THE CAROTID ARTERY

Carotid arteries are a common site of atherosclerotic lesion development. Computational fluid dynamics models suggest that flow disturbances associated with stenosis can contribute to the initiation and progression of vascular wall pathologies. The main goal of this study is to present an investigation on the overall influence of assumptions regarding the outflow boundary conditions in hemodynamics of the human carotid bifurcation. Although boundary conditions affect the temporal distribution patterns of blood flow, our findings show that the distribution of the wall shear stress hemodynamic descriptors is not significantly affected by different distribution of the blood flow between the internal and external carotid branches.
The Use of Adenoviral Vectors and Ex Vivo Transduced Neurotransplants: Towards Promotion of Neuroregeneration

Regeneration of injured axons following injury depends on a delicate balance between growth-promoting and growth-inhibiting factors. Overexpression of neurotrophin genes seems a promising strategy to promote regeneration. Trophic genes can be overexpressed at the site of injury at the axonal stumps, or at the perikaryal level of the injured neuron. Transduction of the neural cells can be achieved by applying adenoviral vectors, either directly in vivo or—in the case of neurotransplantation—as an ex vivo approach. In both cases it would create a more permissive environment for axonal growth and therefore in functional regeneration. In this article, the feasibility of the use of adenoviral vectors in several neuroregeneration models–-in particularly in spinal cord lesion models and the biological clock transplantation model–-is illustrated. The results show that the adenoviral vectors can be a powerful tool to study the effects of overexpression of genes in an in vivo paradigm of nerve regeneration or nerve outgrowth. The potential use of adenoviral vectors and ex vivo transduced neurotransplants is discussed.
The purpose of the general practice consultation from the patient's perspective--theoretical aspects.

BACKGROUND Medical practice and research are paying increasing attention to what patients want, as reflected by the growth of routine surveys of patients' satisfaction and more formal studies of patients' views of medical care. However, the field lacks conceptual clarity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to propose a theoretical clarification of the concept of the patients' purpose of a consultation by presenting a patient-centred definition, applicable for clinical work and research in general practice. METHODS An extensive literature review was conducted to explore presumptions and definitions reported by previous studies. Most authors failed to define or distinguish the concept under investigation. We took these shortcomings as our starting point, added some significant dimensions drawn from a few selected authors who had discussed relevant perspectives in their work and arrived at a proposed working definition of the 'purpose' concept. RESULTS The proposed definition allows for multiple purposes for the consultation. We incorporate what the patient hopes to gain from the consultation, as opposed to their 'expectations of the most likely outcome'. Our working definition aims to identify patients' a priori wishes and hopes for a specific process and outcome, while acknowledging that these may not be voiced and may be modified by the patient during the consultation. General characteristics of the doctor, such as being considerate or professionally skillful, are not included.
A Method of Semantic Hidden Reduction Based on Collocation

Semantic hiding is the technology of using semantic knowledge to embed secret information into text carrier. Among the many methods of semantic hiding, "synonym substitution" is paid more and more attention by semantic hiding. The main idea of this method is to hide the secret information by replacing synonyms in text so as to retain its original meaning as much as possible. In order to effectively restore hidden information, we need to find the synonym replacement location as accurately as possible, so it is very important to recognize the collocation of words. So far, however, there is no effective way to identify and match Natural Language Processing, that is, it is very difficult to tell exactly whether or not the words in the text have been replaced. In this paper, a hidden reduction method based on collocation is proposed. By analyzing the characteristics of synonyms and their collocation, this paper treats their relation as the relation between the pairs of samples in statistical sense. According to the nature of the statistic, we design several decision features to identify the collocations. At the same time, we introduce the form of point mutual information in the information theory as a feature to use the independence of quantifier pairs. In order to recognize word collocation effectively, this paper combines these features, and uses genetic algorithm to get the recognition degree of each feature. Then, a replacement recognition system based on immune abnormality mechanism is designed. Synonyms for collocation are regarded as "normal", while substitutions are regarded as "anomalies"". The experimental samples are generated by semantic hidden software TLEX. To better render the restore process, we rewrote the TLEX to add the key selection module.
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS): Emotional Reactions of Parents and Adult Patients to the Clinical Diagnosis of AIS and Its Confirmation by Androgen Receptor Gene Mutation Analysis

The emotional reactions of parents and adult patients on disclosure of the clinical diagnosis of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) and its later confirmation by gene mutation analysis were assessed. A semistructured interview and three questionnaires were used. Parents came from 18 different families with a total of 20 children (15 complete AIS, 5 partial AIS), 19 raised as girls, 1 as a boy. Ten adult women with complete AIS came from six families. The short-term reaction upon the clinical diagnosis was in the majority of both parents and adult patients associated with shock, grief, anger, and shame and in the mothers and adult patients with guilt. Emotional reactions were more long-lasting in mothers and adult patients than in fathers. The confirmation by DNA analysis did not alter the actual feelings of both parents. Adolescents with AIS should be informed completely – but in a step-by-step way – about their condition, since adult patients indicated that they had suffered from being not at all or misinformed about AIS in their adolescence.
IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF CELL VIABILITY IN HUMAN BONE MARROW PRESERVED AT--79 C.

Human bone marrow was stored at -79 C for 1 hr with glycerol, with dimethyl sulfoxide, or without any protective agent, both after rapid cooling and after slow cooling. Each sample was subjected to four viability tests, and observations were also made on samples stored for 1 hr at room temperature. By comparison with the established effects of these preservation procedures on the radiation recovery factor, it is concluded that: 1 ) the dye exclusion test using trypan blue is a poor indicator of viability after freezing; 2 ) the measurement of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis gives results which correlate well with in vivo assays; 3 ) the detection of motility is the only in vitro test to provide unequivocal evidence of life, but is not susceptible to quantitative measurement: slow cooling in the presence of glycerol or dimethyl sulfoxide was the most successful preservation procedure used; 4 ) supravital staining with acridine orange, although it is a purely empirical test, gives a good correlation with the results of in vivo assay and is simple, convenient, and rapid to perform. cellular viability tests; radiation protective cells; radiation recovery factor; cell survival after freezing; glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide additives in tissue preservation; slow cooling versus rapid cooling in tissue preservation; trypan blue nuclear staining, DNA synthesis, mobility, and supravital staining as viability tests; bone marrow storage viability tests; glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide in tissue preservation; low temperature cell preservation Submitted on May 20, 1963
Efficiency optimization of a two-phase interleaved boost DC-DC converter for Electric Vehicle applications

Power losses and their consequences in the addition of storage cells have the negative effect of decreasing the power density and the efficiency in Electric Vehicles. For this reason, an efficiency optimization methodology is required to help reduce that problem. Specifically, in the power converters that interface the storage unit with the electric motors and their inverters, an efficiency optimization is essential to reduce the power losses and thereby downsize the cooling components and the storage unit. In this work, the topology under evaluation is the two-phase interleaved boost converter using different magnetic components such as coupled and non-coupled inductors, which are topologies known as effective for high power density applications. This paper presents a methodology that optimizes the efficiency of the chosen topologies through a complete power loss modeling of each component. Next generation components such as Super Junction Mosfets, GaN and SiC diodes and Mosfets are compared to obtain the most efficient and suitable material to be implemented to the topologies, especially to the converter with coupled-inductor. Moreover, a design procedure is proposed to integrate the loss model and the characteristics of the selected components as the base to obtain the objective function, which is later solved using analytical calculations. Finally, the optimization methodology is validated by experimental tests.
The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on the fermentation and aerobic stability of high moisture corn in laboratory silos.

The production of antifungal compounds during fermentation could be a useful mechanism to improve the aerobic stability of fermented feeds when they are exposed to air. High moisture corn (26% moisture) was ground and inoculated with various amounts of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788, a heterolactic acid bacteria, and ensiled in laboratory silos. Inoculation with L. buchneri 40788 from 1 x 10(5) to 1 x 10(6) cfu/g of corn had minor effects on the end products of fermentation during the early stage of ensiling (< or = 14 d). However, after 49, 92, and 166 d of ensiling, increasing the application rate of L. buchneri 40788 applied to corn increased the concentration of acetic acid when compared to untreated corn. Addition of L. buchneri 40788 had few other effects on the end products of fermentation. Dry matter recovery and aerobic stability were measured after 92 and 166 d of ensiling. At these times, dry matter recovery was not different among treatments, and numbers of yeasts and molds tended to decrease as the application rate of L. buchneri 40788 increased. Aerobic stability (number of h prior to a 2 degrees C rise in temperature after exposure to air) was markedly improved by the addition > or = 5 x 10(5) cfu/g of L. buchneri 40788. Combining L. buchneri 40788 with L. plantarum did not impart better aerobic stability than when L. buchneri 40788 was applied alone to corn. Addition of L. buchneri 40788 did not affect the rate of fermentation in high moisture corn, but after prolonged storage higher application rates increased production of acetic acid and markedly improved aerobic stability.
Arrayed variable optical attenuator using retro-reflective MEMS mirrors

New arrayed microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) variable optical attenuators (VOAs) based on planar retro-reflection attenuation configuration have been characterized in this letter. Experimental results show the insertion loss of less than 0.8 dB, and back-reflection loss of better than 50 dB and polarization-dependent loss of less than 0.3 dB over full span of attenuation range of 50 dB. This arrayed MEMS VOA device does not only provide excellent optical performance, but offers a feasible solution to make VOA devices of multiple channels with good manufacturability, scalability, and compact footprint.
Virtual synchronous generators

In electricity grids the frequency of the voltage is stabilized by a combination of the rotational inertia (rotating mass) of synchronous power generators in the grid and a control algorithm acting on the rotational speed of a number of major synchronous power generators. When in future small non-synchronous generation units replace a significant part of the synchronous power generation capacity, the total rotational inertia of the synchronous generators is decreased significantly. This causes large frequency variations that can end up in an unstable grid. A way to stabilize the grid frequency is to add virtual rotational inertia to the distributed generators. A virtual inertia can be attained for any generator by adding a short-term energy storage to it, combined with a suitable control mechanism for its power electronics converter. In this way a generator can behave like a ldquoVirtual Synchronous Generatorrdquo (VSG) during short time intervals, and contribute to stabilization of the grid frequency.
The Prion Protein Preference of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Subtypes*

Background: Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) encompasses a spectrum of clinical phenotypes, the origin of which has not been fully elucidated. Results: Cell-free prion protein misfolding by sporadic CJD subtypes was affected by brain tissue composition and not related to absolute levels of PrPC. Conclusion: Tissue environment contributes to CJD subtype-specific prion protein misfolding. Significance: Non-PrPC cofactors may contribute to the development of sporadic CJD. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most prevalent manifestation of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases affecting humans. The disease encompasses a spectrum of clinical phenotypes that have been correlated with molecular subtypes that are characterized by the molecular mass of the protease-resistant fragment of the disease-related conformation of the prion protein and a polymorphism at codon 129 of the gene encoding the prion protein. A cell-free assay of prion protein misfolding was used to investigate the ability of these sporadic CJD molecular subtypes to propagate using brain-derived sources of the cellular prion protein (PrPC). This study confirmed the presence of three distinct sporadic CJD molecular subtypes with PrPC substrate requirements that reflected their codon 129 associations in vivo. However, the ability of a sporadic CJD molecular subtype to use a specific PrPC substrate was not determined solely by codon 129 as the efficiency of prion propagation was also influenced by the composition of the brain tissue from which the PrPC substrate was sourced, thus indicating that nuances in PrPC or additional factors may determine sporadic CJD subtype. The results of this study will aid in the design of diagnostic assays that can detect prion disease across the diversity of sporadic CJD subtypes.
Strategic choice and data envelopment analysis: comparing computers across many attributes

A linear programming approach (Data Envelopment Analysis) is described to determine the relative merits of a set of multi-input, multi-output systems, in which more output for less input is considered good. The method is applied to benchmarks of microcomputers, and is contrasted with a multiple regression analysis of the same data. It is also argued that the essence of two opposing strategic outlooks can be captured within the method.
Ten Deadly Risks in Internet and Intranet Software Development

This article contrasts the current Internet and intranet development climate with earlier releases and identifies the 10 greatest risks. Software engineers need to strike a balance between the technologies that many in the Internet world depend upon, on the one hand, and the tried and true processes that promote risk management and help us achieve business goals, on the other. The just do it attitude of the past few years has done as much harm as good to the software engineering profession. While a few good practices have emerged for Internet development, many time-tested software engineering practices were jettisoned based on the faulty belief that teams don't have time to put these practices to work. By looking at the list of deadly risks, we can recognize our mistake.
Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke

Objective: To examine the association between serum matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) levels and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We measured serum MMP-9 levels in 3,186 participants (2,008 men and 1,178 women) from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (CATIS). Study outcome data on death, major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3), and vascular disease were collected at 3 months after stroke onset. Results: During 3 months of follow-up, 767 participants (24.6%) experienced major disability or died. Serum MMP-9 was significantly associated with an increased risk of death and major disability after adjustment for age, sex, time from onset to randomization, current smoking, alcohol drinking, admission NIH Stroke Scale score, diastolic blood pressure, plasma glucose, white blood cell counts, use of antihypertensive medications, and history of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes mellitus. For example, 1-SD (0.32 ng/mL) higher log–MMP-9 was associated with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.16 (1.06–1.28) for the combined outcome of death and major disability, 1.12 (1.01–1.23) for major disability, and 1.29 (1.01–1.66) for death. The addition of serum MMP-9 to conventional risk factors improved risk prediction of the combined outcome of death or major disability (net reclassification index 9.1%, p = 0.033; integrated discrimination improvement 0.4%, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Higher serum MMP-9 levels in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were associated with increased risk of mortality and major disability, suggesting that serum MMP-9 could be an important prognostic factor for ischemic stroke.