Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Gain Quasi-Mutually Coupled Active Impedance Source Converter Utilizing Reduced Components Count

High voltage gain using a mutually coupled inductor network is quite popular in recent years for Z source converters. To achieve high gain, reduced number of components used is a prime challenge to improve efficiency and reduce the cost and size. In the coupled inductor network, the energy stored is twofold, hence, the effective number of components is reduced. Moreover, the boosting factor is also governed by the number of turns which again helps in reducing the number of components. In general, coupled inductor network is based on two winding transformers. However, to increase the effective number of turns, an autotransformer principle may be used where turns ratio is increased by one as compared to two winding transformers. Therefore, in this article, a coupled inductor network is proposed which is based on the autotransformer concept. The proposed converter is called as quasi-mutually coupled active impedance source converter. The proposed converter has a continuous input current which is helpful in reducing the current stress on the source. The operation, steady-state analysis and its comparison with the existing topology are discussed. Moreover, the developed topology is extended for hybrid topology. Furthermore, the converter is validated using experiment to prove its feasibility.
Electromechanical impedance-based damage identification enhancement using bistable and adaptive piezoelectric circuitry

The electromechanical impedance-based damage identification approaches have shown excellent potential in identifying small-sized structural defects, while maintaining simplicity in implementation. The available independent impedance measurement data sets, however, are generally far fewer than the number of required system parameters. As a result, the inverse problem for damage identification is seriously underdetermined, which undermines the reliability of damage prediction since the inverse solution becomes extremely sensitive to even small amount of error in the measurement, especially in practical applications with unavoidable noise and damping influences. This research aims to advance the state of the art by developing a novel approach that (a) enables highly accurate measurement of damage-induced impedance variations against noise and (b) fundamentally improves the underdetermined inverse problem to reliably identify the location and severity of small damages. This new approach utilizes the strongly non-linear bifurcation phenomena in bistable electrical circuits that may exhibit dramatic changes in the response due to small input variations. In this study, an array of bistable circuits is strategically integrated with the structure and piezoelectric transducer so that small damage-induced changes in the piezoelectric impedance can be accurately determined by monitoring whether each circuit exhibits intra- or inter-well responses. This measurement data set is greatly enriched by utilizing an adaptive piezoelectric circuitry with tunable inductor integrated with the monitored structure, which introduces more degrees of freedom into the system. By selectively tuning the inductance values, the dynamic characteristic of the electromechanically coupled system can be altered, thereby one can significantly increase the number of impedance variation measurements for the same damage profile. The enriched data set is utilized to fundamentally improve the underdetermined inverse problem for damage identification. A series of numerical and experimental damage identification studies verify that the proposed methodology can significantly enhance the accuracy and reliability of impedance-based damage identification.
Ransomware Detection System for Android Applications

Android ransomware is one of the most threatening attacks nowadays. Ransomware in general encrypts or locks the files on the victim’s device and requests a payment in order to recover them. The available technologies are not enough as new ransomwares employ a combination of techniques to evade anti-virus detection. Moreover, the literature counts only a few studies that have proposed static and/or dynamic approaches to detect Android ransomware in particular. Additionally, there are plenty of open-source malware datasets; however, the research community is still lacking ransomware datasets. In this paper, the state-of-the-art of Android ransomware detection approaches were investigated. A deep comparative analysis was conducted which shed the key differences among the existing solutions. An application programming interface (API)-based ransomware detection system (API-RDS) was proposed to provide a static analysis paradigm for detecting Android ransomware apps. API-RDS focuses on examining API packages’ calls as leading indicator of ransomware activity to discriminate ransomware with high accuracy before it harms the user’s device. API packages’ calls of both benign and ransomware apps were thoroughly analyzed and compared. Significant API packages with corresponding methods were identified. The experimental results show that API-RDS outperformed other recent related approaches. API-RDS achieved 97% accuracy while reducing the complexity of the classification model by 26% due to features reduction. Moreover, this research designed a proactive mechanism based on a high quality unique ransomware dataset without duplicated samples. 2959 ransomware samples were collected, tested and reduced by almost 83% due to samples duplication. This research also contributes to constructing an up-to-date, unique dataset that covers the majority of existing Android ransomware families and recent clean apps that could be used as a labeled reference for research community.
Oil-Cooling Method of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicle

The typical motor has poor heat dissipation conditions that are limited by the installation space and working environment, and the high operation temperature increase has been a bottleneck to improve the power density and torque density. The inner rotor motor is considered to be the research object, and an oil-cooling structure for end winding and stator core is proposed. The heat inside the motor is mainly carried away through the lubricating oil in the form of heat conduction and convection heat transfer. The 3d motor model was built using the ANSYS software. The temperature field of the motor was simulated to analyze the temperature distribution inside the motor under rated and peak working conditions. The low-speed high-torque test and one-hour temperature-rise test of the motor prototype were performed on a bench built in the laboratory. The comparison between the test results with water-cooled motor shows that the temperature-rise rate of oil-cooled motor with the same electromagnetic structure is slower than that of water-jacketed cooled motor, and the temperature difference between the front and back of the motor decreases by 18 °C in half an hour. The oil-cooled method has a good cooling effect on the stator core and works for longer time under rated conditions.
The Principles of Biomedical Scientific Writing: Discussion

The discussion section of a scientific paper is supposed to interpret and elucidate the significance of the study findings, highlight current knowledge available on the research problem being investigated, and explain the novel aspects emerging from the findings of the study in moving the field forward. A well-written discussion should provide clear “statements of the main findings”, “possible explanations and implications”, “strengths and weaknesses of the study and other studies”, “unanswered questions”, and “suggestions for future research”. The authors also need to clarify the external validity of the findings and show how the findings can be generalized. In this review, we focus on the function, content, and organization of the “discussion section” of a hypothesis-testing paper. Beyond providing the most important principles and common strategies for organizing the discussion section, we also discuss metadiscourse, scientific explanation (reasoning and contextualization), and models of scientific explanation.
A Generic Automated Surface Defect Detection Based on a Bilinear Model

Aiming at the problems of complex texture, variable interference factors and large sample acquisition in surface defect detection, a generic method of automated surface defect detection based on a bilinear model was proposed. To realize the automatic classification and localization of surface defects, a new Double-Visual Geometry Group16 (D-VGG16) is firstly designed as feature functions of the bilinear model. The global and local features fully extracted from the bilinear model by D-VGG16 are output to the soft-max function to realize the automatic classification of surface defects. Then the heat map of the original image is obtained by applying Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) to the output features of D-VGG16. Finally, the defects in the original input image can be located automatically after processing the heat map with a threshold segmentation method. The training process of the proposed method is characterized by a small sample, end-to-end, and is weakly-supervised. Furthermore, experiments are performed on two public and two industrial datasets, which have different defective features in texture, shape and color. The results show that the proposed method can simultaneously realize the classification and localization of defects with different defective features. The average precision of the proposed method is above 99% on the four datasets, and is higher than the known latest algorithms.
Structural system identification by measurement error‐minimizing observability method

This paper proposes a method for the finite element model updating using static load tests under the framework of observability analysis. Previous works included measurement errors in the coefficient matrix of the observability equations. This impeded the obtainment of accurate estimations. To deal with this issue, the proposed method relocates the errors and incorporates an optimization procedure to minimize the square sum of these errors. This method is able to identify the structural parameters of complex structures where the axial and bending behaviors are coupled, such as inclined beams or frame structures. Its application is illustrated by three structures. First, the method was validated in a beam‐like structure by comparing it with other methods in the literature. Then the effects of different factors were investigated in a multistory frame and a rigid frame bridge with inclined piers. These factors include the curvatures, the inclusion of rotation measurements, and the constraints on the range of unidentifiable parameters. The importance of rotation measurements is demonstrated in static structural system identification.
A Realistic Simulation for Swarm UAVs and Performance Metrics for Operator User Interfaces

by Kazi Tanvir Ahmed Siddiqui Robots have been utilized to support disaster mitigation missions through exploration of areas that are either unreachable or hazardous for human rescuers [1]. The great potential for robotics in disaster mitigation has been recognized by the research community and during the last decade, a lot of research has been focused on developing robotic systems for this purpose. In this thesis, we present a description of the usage and classification of UAVs and performance metrics that affect controlling of UAVs. We also present new contributions to the UAV simulator developed by ECSL and RRL: the integration of flight dynamics of Hummingbird quadcopter, and distance optimization using a Genetic algorithm.
A Modular Multilevel Converter With Filter Capacitor for Long-Cable-Fed Drive Application

This paper proposes a modular multilevel converter (MMC) with a filter capacitor for medium-voltage long-cable-fed drive applications. Arm inductors that are inherent components in each phase of MMC are tuned with a filter capacitor to behave like a low-pass LC filter at the MMC output terminal. As a result, the output voltage of the converter is highly sinusoidal with negligible switching frequency harmonics. The overvoltage phenomenon that occurs at motor terminal due to cable resonance and voltage reflection is almost eliminated, and hence, with the proposed concept, the motor can be installed at very long distances from the converter. The voltage amplification at the motor terminal is negligible for different cable lengths with the proposed filter. Additionally, the output voltage quality of the converter is not degraded due to internal fault and subsequent bypass in power cells. The validity of the proposed concept is supported by simulation and experimental results.
Overcoming the monetization challenge in freemium online games

Purpose Online games based on a freemium business model face the monetization challenge. The purpose of this paper is to examine how players’ achievement orientation, social orientation and sense of community contribute to willingness to pay (WtP). Design/methodology/approach A multi-method study of an online game community is used. Interviews and participant observation are used to develop an understanding of social and achievement orientations followed by the development of hypotheses that are tested using survey data. Findings The findings indicate that a sense of community is positively related to WtP, whereas satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the service provider is not. The authors examine the moderating role of players’ achievement orientation and social orientation and find that while a stronger connection to the community may encourage achievement-oriented players to pay, the opposite is indicated for socially oriented players. Practical implications Decision makers need to understand that not all players are potential payers; while socially oriented users can help to maintain and grow the community, achievement-oriented players are more likely to pay for the value they extract from the community. Originality/value While communities are held together by people with common interests, which intuitively suggests that WtP increases with the strength of connection to the community, the authors find this only applies in the case of players with an achievement orientation. For those with a social orientation, WtP may actually decrease as their connection to the community increases. These perhaps counter-intuitive findings constitute a novel contribution of value for both theory and practice.
Enhancing the Heat Transfer in an Active Barocaloric Cooling System Using Ethylene-Glycol Based Nanofluids as Secondary Medium

Barocaloric cooling is classified as environmentally friendly because of the employment of solid-state materials as refrigerants. The reference and well-established processes are based on the active barocaloric regenerative refrigeration cycle, where the solid-state material acts both as refrigerant and regenerator; an auxiliary fluid (generally water of water/glycol mixtures) is used to transfer the heat fluxes with the final purpose of subtracting heat from the cold heat exchanger coupled with the cold cell. In this paper, we numerically investigate the effect on heat transfer of working with nanofluids as auxiliary fluids in an active barocaloric refrigerator operating with a vulcanizing rubber. The results reveal that, as a general trend, adding 10% of copper nanoparticles in the water/ethylene-glycol mixture carries to +30% as medium heat transfer enhancement.
A decentralized, model-free, global optimization method for energy saving in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems

To solve the challenges of high labour and maintenance cost while saving energy in engineering, a decentralized agent-based model-free global optimization method for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems is proposed. In this novel optimization method, each updated smart equipment is connected according to the physical relationships, such that it can communicate and collaborate with adjacent nodes. Furthermore, to achieve the overall optimal operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, a decentralized evolutionary algorithm is developed. With the decentralized algorithm executed in all smart nodes in parallel with the feedback of sensor measurements instead of accurate device models, the system can achieve optimal coordination and avoid conflicts between correlated devices. The equivalence between the centralized and decentralized methods is proven. This method is confirmed to be effective through hardware testing based on actual engineering. Practical application : The traditional optimization methods for heating, ventilation and air conditioning are based on a centralized structure with a series of deficiencies, such as high maintenance and labour costs, link congestion and operational lag. This study presents a novel decentralized structure constructed using basic physical relations and a model-free method that possesses the advantages of plug-and-play, rapid development, great flexibility and convenience for engineering implementation without having to build a central monitor. The case study results validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Repeated Alpine Flight Loss Within the Widespread New Zealand Stonefly Nesoperla fulvescens Hare (Plecoptera: Gripopterygidae)

Abstract Flight loss is a common feature of upland insect assemblages, with recent studies detecting parallel wing reduction events across independent alpine lineages. However, the geographic scale over which such repeated evolution can operate remains unclear. In this study, we use genotyping-by-sequencing to assess the genomic relationships among vestigial-winged and full-winged populations of the widespread New Zealand stonefly Nesoperla fulvescens, to test for repeated wing loss events over small spatial scales. Biogeographic analyses indicate that alpine wing loss in this widespread species is restricted to a single, narrow mountain range. Intriguingly, our coalescent analyses indicate that upland vestigial-winged N. fulvescens populations are not sister to one another, suggesting wings have been lost independently in disjunct populations of this species, over a <30 km scale. Our results suggest that selection against flight above the alpine treeline can drive rapid and repeated adaptation even across narrow spatial scales. We propose that such repetitive processes may represent a far more pervasive feature of alpine insect adaptation than is currently recognized.
Test Case Reduction based upon Path Coverage Criteria

The cost of commercial software systems is usually over budget and within limited time duration. Most critical and time consuming phase of a software development process is effort estimation and 50% of this phase is often devoted to testing effort estimation. If we can find a way to reduce effort estimation, then it will greatly deduct total cost and effort needed to be spent in software development. Researchers have been continuously trying to find new ways to reduce effort estimation and improving methods which have been devised already. This paper proposes to use path-oriented test case generation and their reduction with reference to different priorities such as complexity, impact, path coverage etc. We are using different examples to reduce the test cases using various factors i.e. Test case Complexity, its impact and the path coverage.
USABILITY TESTING PADA SISTEM TRACER STUDY UNDIKSHA MENGGUNAKAN METODE HEURISTIC EVALUATION

Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tingkat usability sistem tracer study Undiksha yang diukur menggunakan metode Heuristic Evaluation dengan menggunakan 10 variabel usability untuk menentukan rancangan layout sistem yang memenuhi kriteria usability. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 20 responden alumni Undiksha. Teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan proportionate starafied random sampling sebagai teknik pengambilan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat usability sistem tracer study Undiksha sebesar 60% yang termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Dari hasil analisis kuisioner yang didapat hasil bahwa layout sistem tracer study Undiksha sudah mampu memenuhi kriteria usability sebuah sistem informasi. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini rekomendasi perbaikan berdasarkan hasil kuisioner yang memiliki persentase rendah dan berpedoman pada panduan HCI perbaikan layout. Perbaikan lebih difokuskan pada kejelasan informasi yang disajikan masih sedikit dan kurang update, adanya bantuan yang muncul tepat waktu saat terjadi error, penyajian submenu dan ikon-ikon yang konsisten, adanya keterangan pada link, dokumentasi yang lengkap, dan adanya menu bantuan untuk mempermudah pengguna dalam mencari solusi jika terdapat kesalahan saat mengakses sistem.
Comparison of Basic Inductive Power Transfer Systems With Linear Control Achieving Optimized Efficiency

Inductive power transfer (IPT) systems with front-side and load-side converters are generally developed for better overall system efficiency than a single IPT converter by providing maximum efficiency tracking and output regulation against variations of coupling coefficient (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and load. The optimum efficiency point of an IPT converter is at a particular loading resistance, which varies with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> and is hard to measure directly for the purpose of control. Perturb and observe control is normally implemented to iteratively track the optimum efficiency point. However, this heuristic algorithm results in slow response to the variations of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> and load. Recently, a much faster linear control for optimum efficiency tracking has been developed for the series-series (SS) IPT system only. This paper proposes a general linear control scheme for all four basic IPT systems to track the optimum efficiency point. Unlike the SS IPT converter, it is found that additional control of either frequency or adaptive compensation is needed for the other three basic IPT converters to operate against the variation of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Different input to output transfer functions and their <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>- and load-independent properties at optimum efficiency are identified for all four basic IPT systems. Thus, a general fast linear control can be applied in the front-side converter to achieve optimum efficiency, while the load-side converter regulates the output power independently. Furthermore, the maximum efficiencies of the IPT converters with these four basic compensations for an identical loosely-coupled transformer are compared theoretically and verified experimentally. The parallel–parallel IPT converter gives the best efficiency. Its additional frequency control in conjunction with the optimum efficiency tracking and the output power regulation is also experimentally validated.
Miniaturized Wearable Antennas with Improved Radiation Efficiency Using Magneto-dielectric Composites

In this paper, two miniaturized flexible wearable antennas based on a planar dipole with a reflector are proposed and investigated. To realize miniaturization, the concept of magneto-dielectric (MD) composite materials was chosen. Numerical and experimental analyses were carried out to investigate the antenna performance (radiation efficiency, gain, and bandwidth) in the free space and on a tissue-equivalent phantom. Results demonstrated that MD composites are beneficial for wearable antenna miniaturization (up to 36%) and radiation efficiency improvement (up to 65% in free space and up to 23% on-body). Moreover, the antennas exhibit a low specific absorption rate.