Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2000-2019: twenty years of highly influential publications in molecular plant immunity.

Molecular plant immunity is a dynamic research field that broadly addresses how plants interact with their associated organisms and defend themselves against pests and pathogens. Here, we aimed at providing readers with a snap-shot of influential molecular plant immunity research, by identifying and analyzing 170 highly-cited publications (aka Highly-Influential Publications in molecular Plant Immunity; hereafter HIPPYs) published in this field between 2000 and 2019. Our analysis draws a broad analytical knowledge of influential scientific advances in the field, as well as the research community that made them. We notably show that HIPPYs are shared by a small, structured, and connected research community. The HIPPYs address coherent research questions using a handful of key model objects (i.e., organisms or molecules), and report findings and concepts that contribute to our integrated understanding on the molecular interactions between plants and their associated organisms. Our 'HIP in' method is easily transposable to other large research areas, and may help early-career researchers to gain a broader knowledge of their field of interest.
Pro and contra: is synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) a spondyloarthritis variant?

Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to present the up-to-date evidence on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, musculoskeletal manifestations, and imaging of the synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome and to discuss its relationship with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Recent findings SAPHO is a rare inflammatory disorder of bone, joints, and skin, with a worldwide distribution that predominantly affects the middle-age adults. The hallmark of the syndrome is a constellation of sterile inflammatory osteitis, hyperostosis, and synovitis involving the anterior chest wall, associated with acneiform and neutrophilic dermatoses, such as palmoplantar pustulosis and severe acne. The axial skeleton, sacroiliac, and peripheral joints can be involved in a similar fashion to SpA. The pathogenesis of the syndrome is multifactorial. The diagnosis is mainly based on the clinical and typical radiological features. The treatment approach is based on the off-label use of antibiotics, bisphosphonates, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and anticytokine biologics. Summary The SAPHO syndrome shares common features with SpA-related diseases, yet also shows some unique pathogenetic and clinical features. The nosology of SAPHO remains a subject of controversy, awaiting further research into the pathogenetic and clinical aspects of this syndrome. A better understanding of these aspects will improve the diagnostics and clinical care of patients with SAPHO.
High levels of poor mental health among young men in urban informal settlements in South Africa: a community-based study of social determinants

ABSTRACT Informal settlements (high population density areas at the outskirts of urban areas characterized by lack basic amenities) in South Africa are consequences of apartheid regime’s discriminatory migrant labour and spatial policy and continue to grow. Living in informal settlements accompanies a mire of social/health challenges that threatens upward mobility, but few studies exist that document drivers of mental health challenges in these settings. We investigated the prevalence and social determinants of poor mental health for young men in informal settlements adjacent to one of the largest cities that is at the heart of HIV endemic in South Africa. This study involved a cross-sectional study with cluster sampling design of 674 young men aged 18–30 years residing in eThekwini informal settlement communities. We assessed the prevalence, and social determinants, of significant depressive (i.e., depression) and post-traumatic stress (i.e., PTS) symptoms using logistic regression. Given the complex survey design of the study, all analyses were adjusted for clustering. The prevalence of depression and PTS in the sample was 46.8% and 14.4% respectively. Results of the multivariable analyses indicated that severe food insecurity (aOR = 2.98, 95% CI:1.70–5.22), crime perpetration (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI:1.05–3.80), severe adverse childhood event (aOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.05–3.80), traumatic event exposures (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI:1.56–3.80) and problematic alcohol use (aOR = 1.73, 95% CI:1.20–2.49) were significantly associated with depression. While incomplete secondary education (aOR = 0.45, 95% CI:0.22–0.92), moderate food insecurity (aOR = 2.51, 95% CI:1.04–6.06), traumatic event exposures (aOR = 2.19, 95% CI:1.32–3.64) and problematic alcohol use (aOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.24–3.73) were significantly associated with PTS. Our study highlights the exceedingly high levels of poor mental health among young men in informal settlements, with depression and PTS being driven by economic/social conditions. Multilevel interventions that address the individual, interpersonal, and social variables that contribute to poor mental health are needed.
Neurotechnologies under the Eye of Bioethics

Significance StatementNeurosciences and digital technologies combine into the booming field of "neurotechnologies" (NT). Prospects for medical applications are very promising. If the GAFAM invest millions of dollars in NT, this is not only to develop brain-machine interfaces to overcome disabilities and mental pathologies. There are also commercial issues aimed at the public, via the exploitation of brain data for personal uses and for supervision of individual behaviors. The capacity of NT to "manipulate the brains" calls for vigilance in two particular areas: respect of mental autonomy and protection of brain data. A major issue is to assess whether existing laws on the protection of human rights are sufficient to protect mental privacy or whether new rights - NeuroRights- must be established specifically.
In vitro long term differentiation and functionality of three-dimensional bioprinted primary human hepatocytes: application for in vivo engraftment

In recent decades, 3D in vitro cultures of primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) have been increasingly developed to establish models capable of faithfully mimicking main liver functions. The use of 3D bioprinting, capable of recreating structures composed of cells embedded in matrix with controlled microarchitectures, is an emergent key feature for tissue engineering. In this work, we used an extrusion-based system to print PHH in a methacrylated gelatin (GelMa) matrix. PHH bioprinted in GelMa rapidly organized into polarized hollow spheroids and were viable for at least 28 d of culture. These PHH were highly differentiated with maintenance of liver differentiation genes over time, as demonstrated by transcriptomic analysis and functional approaches. The cells were polarized with localization of apico/canalicular regions, and displayed activities of phase I and II biotransformation enzymes that could be regulated by inducers. Furthermore, the implantation of the bioprinted structures in mice demonstrated their capability to vascularize, and their ability to maintain human hepatic specific functions for at least 28 d was illustrated by albumin secretion and debrisoquine metabolism. This model could hold great promise for human liver tissue generation and its use in future biotechnological developments.
Group sequential methods for the Mann-Whitney parameter

Late phase clinical trials are occasionally planned with one or more interim analyses to allow for early termination or adaptation of the study. While extensive theory has been developed for the analysis of ordered categorical data in terms of the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, there has been comparatively little discussion in the group sequential literature on how to provide repeated confidence intervals and simple power formulas to ease sample size determination. Dealing more broadly with the nonparametric Behrens-Fisher problem, we focus on the comparison of two parallel treatment arms and show that the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, the Brunner-Munzel test, as well as a test procedure based on the log win odds, a modification of the win ratio, asymptotically follow the canonical joint distribution. In addition to developing power formulas based on these results, simulations confirm the adequacy of the proposed methods for a range of scenarios. Lastly, we apply our methodology to the FREEDOMS clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00289978) in patients with relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis.
RNF144B stimulates the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of human spermatogonial stem cells via the FCER2/NOTCH2/HES1 pathway and its abnormality is associated with azoospermia

Studies on gene regulation and signaling transduction pathways of human spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are of the utmost significance for unveiling molecular mechanisms underlying human spermatogenesis and gene therapy of male infertility. We have demonstrated, for the first time, that RNF144B stimulated cell proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of human SSCs. The target of RNF144B was identified as FCER2 by RNA sequencing. We revealed that RNF144B interacted with FCER2 by immunoprecipitation. Consistently, overexpression of FCER2 reversed the phenotype of proliferation and apoptosis of human SSCs caused by RNF144B knockdown. Interestingly, FCER2 pulled down N2ICD (NOTCH2 intracellular domain), while N2ICD could bind to FCER2 in human SSCs. The levels of NOTCH2, FCER2, HES1, and HEY1 were reduced by RNF144B siRNA in human SSCs. Significantly, RNF144B was expressed at a lower level in nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients than in the obstructive azoospermia (OA) patients with normal spermatogenesis, and 52 patients with heterozygous mutations of RNF144B were detected in 1,000 NOA patients. These results implicate that RNF144B promotes the proliferation of human SSCs and suppresses their apoptosis via the FCER2/NOTCH2/HES1 pathway and that the abnormality of RNF144B is associated with spermatogenesis failure. This study thus provides novel molecular mechanisms regulating the fate determinations of human SSCs, and it offers new biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
Stakeholder involvement in care transition planning for older adults and the factors guiding their decision-making: a scoping review

Objective To synthesise the existing literature on care transition planning from the perspectives of older adults, caregivers and health professionals and to identify the factors that may influence these stakeholders’ transition decision-making processes. Design A scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s six-step framework. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted on 7 January 2021 to identify articles in five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO and AgeLine). Records were included when they described care transition planning in an institutional setting from the perspectives of the care triad (older adults, caregivers and health professionals). No date or study design restrictions were imposed. Setting This review explored care transitions involving older adults from an institutional care setting to any other institutional or non-institutional care setting. Institutional care settings include communal facilities where individuals dwell for short or extended periods of time and have access to healthcare services. Participants Older adults (aged 65 or older), caregivers and health professionals. Results 39 records were included. Stakeholder involvement in transition planning varied across the studies. Transition decisions were largely made by health professionals, with limited or unclear involvement from older adults and caregivers. Seven factors appeared to guide transition planning across the stakeholder groups: (a) institutional priorities and requirements; (b) resources; (c) knowledge; (d) risk; (e) group structure and dynamic; (f) health and support needs; and (g) personality preferences and beliefs. Factors were described at microlevels, mesolevels and macrolevels. Conclusions This review explored stakeholder involvement in transition planning and identified seven factors that appear to influence transition decision-making. These factors may be useful in advancing the delivery of person and family-centred care by determining how individual-level, group-level and system-level values guide decision-making. Further research is needed to understand how various stakeholder groups balance these factors during transition planning in different health contexts.
Analysis of the Spiritual Orientations and the Hopelessness Levels of the Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study

AIM: This study aims to identify the spiritual orientations and hopelessness levels of the patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Method: In this study designed as cross-sectional and correlational research, the sample was comprised of 199 patients diagnosed with COVID- 19 at a research hospital located in eastern Turkey. Data were collected between December 2020 and January 2021. The research data were collected online by using survey form, the Spiritual Orientation Scale, and Beck Hopelessness Scale to reduce face-to-face interaction due to the isolation policy. The collected data were analyzed via descriptive statistics, the t-test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Mann–Whitney U test. Results: The mean scores obtained by the participant COVID-19 patients from the Spiritual Orientations Scale and the Beck Hopelessness Scale were found, respectively, as 96.13 ± 20.16 and 6.15 ± 4.59 points. It was determined that the participants of the study had a high-level of spiritual orientations and low-level hopelessness, and there was a negative correlation between them (p < .05). Conclusıon: In this study, it was identified that the participant patients diagnosed with COVID-19 had high-level spiritual orientations and low-level hopelessness. It was found that as the participant COVID-19 patients had higher spiritual orientation levels, their hopelessness levels fell. Spirituality can reduce hopelessness by strengthening the coping mechanisms of COVID-19 patients. It can increase the psychological resistance of patients by increasing positive thoughts.
StereoPilot: A Wearable Target Location System for Blind and Visually Impaired Using Spatial Audio Rendering

Vision loss severely impacts object recognition and spatial cognition for limited vision individuals. It is a challenge to compensate for this using other sensory modalities, such as touch or hearing. This paper introduces StereoPilot, a wearable target location system to facilitate the spatial cognition of BVI. Through wearing a head-mounted RGB-D camera, the 3D spatial information of the environment is measured and processed into navigation cues. Leveraging spatial audio rendering (SAR) technology, it allows the navigation cues to be transmitted in a type of 3D sound from which the sound orientation can be distinguished by the sound localization instincts in humans. Three haptic and auditory display strategies were compared with SAR through experiments with three BVI and four sighted subjects. Compared with mainstream speech instructional feedback, the experimental results of the Fitts’ law test showed that SAR increases the information transfer rate (ITR) by a factor of three for spatial navigation, while the positioning error is reduced by 40%. Furthermore, SAR has a lower learning effect than other sonification approaches such as vOICe. In desktop manipulation experiments, StereoPilot was able to obtain precise localization of desktop objects while reducing the completion time of target grasping tasks in half as compared to the voice instruction method. In summary, StereoPilot provides an innovative wearable target location solution that swiftly and intuitively transmits environmental information to BVI individuals in the real world.
Effects of dibutyl phthalate and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on hepatic structure and function of adult male mice

The objective of the present research was to determine if dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) alone and combined exposure induced pathological alterations in laboratory reared albino mice. Adult male mice were equally divided (n = 10) into Control, corn oil (CO), DBP, DEHP, and DBP+DEHP treated groups. Dibutyl phthalate (250 mg/kg), DEHP (300 mg/kg), and DBP+DEHP (250+300 mg/kg), respectively, were administered by oral gavage mixed in corn oil (0.2 mL) for 28 days. All animals were sacrificed following 28 days of treatment and blood was collected for serum lipid profiles and liver function tests. Liver samples were also collected for observation of histological changes. Microphotographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections were used for computer-based micrometry. CO, DBP, DEHP, and DBP+DEHP treatment resulted in a significant increase in the mean body and liver weights as compared with the Control group. Histological examination of the livers with DBP and/or DEHP treatment showed marked alterations leading to hepatic hypertrophy. In the treated groups, a significant increase in the mean number of mononucleated, binucleated cells, and oval cells per unit area was noticed with disorganized trabecular arrangement as compared with the Control group. Treatment with DBP and/or DEHP resulted in large regeneration zones in the liver and an increased relative nucleo-cytoplasmic index of mononuclear shepatocytes when compared with the Control group. All treatments caused a significant increases in the liver enzymes and proteins as well as altered serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL levels. The histopathological and serological findings confirmed the toxic potentials to hepatic tissue of DBP and DEHP either given alone or in combination.
Contribution of the "Click Chemistry" Toolbox for the Design, Synthesis and Resulting Applications of Innovative and Efficient Separative Supports: Time for assessment.

The last two decades have seen the rapid expansion of click chemistry methodology in various domains closely related to organic chemistry. It has notably been widely developed in the area of surface chemistry, mainly because of the high-yielding character of reactions of the "click" type. Especially, this powerful chemical reaction toolbox has been adapted to the preparation of stationary phases from the corresponding chromatographic supports. A plethora of selectors could thus be immobilized on either organic, inorganic or hybrid stationary phases that can be used in different chromatographic modes. This review will first highlight the few different chemical ligation strategies of the "click" type that are up to now mainly devoted to the development of functionalized supports for separation sciences. Then, it will give in a second part an up-to-date survey of the different studies dedicated to the preparation of click chemistry-based chromatographic supports while highlighting the powerful and versatile character of the "click" ligation strategy for the design, synthesis and developments of more and more complex systems that can find promising applications in the area of analytical sciences, in domains as varied as enantioselective separation, glycomics, proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, etc. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Advanced screening and tailoring strategies of pesticide aptamer for constructing biosensor

Abstract The rapid development of aptamers has helped address the challenges presented by the wide existed pesticides contaminations. Screening of aptamers with excellent performance is a prerequisite for successfully constructing biosensors, while further tailoring of aptamers with enhanced activity greatly improved the assay performance. Firstly, this paper reviewed the advanced screening strategies for pesticides aptamers, including immobilization screening that preserves the native structures of targets, non-immobilized screening based on nanomaterials, capillary electrophoresis-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (CE-SELEX), virtual screening in silico, high-throughput selection, and rational secondary library generation methods, which contributed significantly to improve the success rate of screening, reduce the screening time, and ensure aptamer binding affinity. Secondly, the precise tailoring strategies for pesticides aptamers were modularly elaborated, containing deletion, splitting, elongation, and fusion, which provided various advantages like cost-efficiency, enhanced binding affinity, and new derived functional motifs. Thirdly, the developed aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) for pesticide detection were systematically reviewed according to the different signal output modes. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of pesticide detection are discussed comprehensively.
Does working memory activate the hippocampus during the late delay period?

ABSTRACT The aim of the present discussion paper was to identify whether any fMRI studies have provided convincing evidence that the hippocampus is associated with working memory. The key outcome variable was the phase in which hippocampal activity was observed: study, early delay, late delay, and/or test. During working memory tasks, long-term memory processes can operate during the study phase, early delay phase (due to extended encoding), or test phase. Thus, working memory processes can be isolated from long-term memory processes during only the late delay period. Twenty-six working memory studies that reported hippocampal activity were systematically analyzed. Many experimental protocol and analysis parameters were considered including number of participants, stimulus type(s), number of items during the study phase, delay duration, task during the test phase, behavioral accuracy, relevant fMRI contrast(s), whether the information was novel or familiar, number of phases modeled, and whether activation timecourses were extracted. For studies that were able to identify activity in different phases, familiar information sometimes produced activity during the study phase and/or test phase, but never produced activity during the delay period. When early-delay phase and late-delay phase activity could be distinguished via modeling these phases separately or inspecting activation timecourses, novel information could additionally produce activity during the early delay phase. There was no convincing evidence of hippocampal activity during the late delay period. These results indicate that working memory does not activate the hippocampus and suggest a model of working memory where maintenance of novel information can foster long-term memory encoding.