Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Approach for Real Mass Transformation from V2O5 Particles to Nanorods

A solid-state, mass-quantity transformation from V2O5 powders to nanorods has been realized via a two-step approach. The nanorods were formed through a controlled nanoscale growth from the nanocrystalline V2O5 phase created by a ball milling treatment. The nanorods grow along the [010] direction and are dominated by {001} surfaces. Surface energy minimization and surface diffusion play important roles in their growth mechanism. Real large quantity production can be achieved when the annealing process is conducted in a fluidized bed which can treat large quantities of the milled materials at once. The crystal orientation of nanorods provides an improved cycling stability for lithium intercalation.
Solution Processing of a Small Molecule, Subnaphthalocyanine, for Efficient Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Solution processing of the small molecule subnaphthalocyanine (SubNc) is carried out for the first time to form an electron-donor layer in efficient planar heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). Due to their unique properties, including high solubility, low tendency to aggregate, and strong light absorption in the visible light region, we are able to prepare amorphous SubNc films with high charge-transporting and light-harvesting properties via simple solution casting. By using SubNc as the donor and C60 as the acceptor, we have demonstrated a planar heterojunction OPV with a power conversion efficiency of 1.5%, which represents one of the highest efficiencies for planar heterojunction OPVs based on solution processable small molecules to date. This work clearly shows that solution processing of light-harvesting small molecules has great potential in low-cost thin-film photovoltaic cells. Also SubNc and its derivatives are promising new-generation materials for OPVs.
Extrapolating the coupled-cluster sequence toward the full configuration-interaction limit

Extrapolation methods that accelerate the convergence of coupled-cluster energy sequences toward the full configuration–interaction (FCI) limit are developed and demonstrated for a variety of atoms and small molecules for which FCI energies are available, and the results are compared with those from Moller–Plesset (MP) perturbation theory. For the coupled-cluster sequence SCF, CCSD, CCSD(T), a method based on a continued-fraction formalism is found to be particularly successful. It yields sufficient improvement over conventional CCSD(T) that the results become competitive with, and often better than, results from the MP4-qλ method (MP4 summed with quadratic approximants and λ transformation). The sequence SCF, CCSD, CCSDT can be extrapolated with a quadratic approximant but the results are not appreciably more accurate than those from the CCSD(T) continued fraction. Singularity analysis of the MP perturbation series provides a criterion for estimating the accuracy the CCSD(T) continued fraction.
English Plus Integration: Shifting the Instructional Paradigm for Immigrant Adult Learners to Support Integration Success. Policy Brief.

While many aspects of immigration policy are hotly contested, few would disagree that once immigrants are admitted to the United States, it is in the country’s—and immigrants’—best interest that they and their children successfully integrate into the civic, social, and economic life of their new communities and the nation as a whole. The country’s formal expectations for immigrant integration are reflected in requirements that citizenship applicants demonstrate basic proficiency in English as well as knowledge of key aspects of U.S. history and government. However, both immigrants and native-born citizens recognize that successful long-term integration requires a broad understanding of U.S. life and systems, combined with strong English proficiency and other basic skills.
Epitaxy of germanium using germane in the presence of tetramethylgermanium

Epitaxial germanium (Ge) growth from germane (GeH4) has been investigated in the presence of organometallic tetramethylgermanium (TMGe) in the temperature range of 675–825 °C. Under the growth conditions employed, the growth of Ge is essentially mass‐transport limited with an optimum growth temperature of 725 °C. The presence of TMGe does not increase Ge growth rates but lowers background‐carrier concentrations in undoped n‐type Ge layers. This reduction in background‐carrier concentration is more pronounced at higher growth temperatures. In addition, the presence of TMGe yields more abrupt p+‐n junctions, possibly suggesting the formation of more ‘‘defect‐free’’ epitaxial growth of Ge from GeH4 and reduced boron diffusion into n‐Ge layers.
Estoques de carbono e nitrogênio e distribuição de frações orgânicas de latossolo do cerrado sob diferentes sistemas de cultivo

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of cultivation systems on soil carbon and nitrogen contents and on the distribution of light and heavy fractions of soil organic matter (SOM). Density and particle-size fractionations were used to isolate free light fraction (FLF), intra-aggregate light fraction (ILF) and heavy fractions (HF) of a Red-Yellow Latosol from a field experiment at Embrapa Rice and Beans in Goias, Brazil. Treatments consisted of a combination of soil tillage and crop rotation. Soil tillage systems utilized were no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (mouldboard ploughing followed by light disc harrowings - CT), under two crop rotations: fallow/rice - fallow/soybean and sunhemp/rice - millet/soybean. As a reference, soil samples were collected from a non-cultivated area nearby the field experiment. All samples were analyzed at Embrapa Soils between January and August 2000. Compared to the forest site, soil cultivation led to a decrease of 50 % in the C and N contents, under both tillage systems. Decreased C and N storages in the cultivated soils were less for ploughed soils than soils under no-tillage. The largest proportion (60-90 %) of C and N was associated with the finest soil particles, with ploughing increasing this tendency. The C content of light fractions decreased due to the replacement of the Cerrado vegetation by cropping systems. Light fraction of the soil organic matter was a sensitive indicator of changes in SOM content caused by cropping systems.
Basis set expansion of the dirac operator without variational collapse

The eigenstates of the matrix representation of the Dirac operator for c → ∞ do not approach their nonrelativistic counterparts in the same basis. This wrong “Schrodinger limit” is shown to be the main reason for the phenomenon known as “variational collapse. ” After a short review of existing proposals to overcome the “variational collapse,” a systematic study of the possible ways to avoid it is given. All discussed approaches are analyzed in terms of various criteria that one wants to fulfill. The most promising approach consists of a free-particle Foldy–Wouthuysen (FW) transformation on operator level and a back transformation on matrix level (approaches C2 and C3). This implies a modification of the free-electron part of the matrix representation of the Dirac operator and leads to the correct Schrodinger limit (and if one wishes even the correct Pauli limit) in the same basis (and to the exact results for a complete basis). The potential energy is unchanged, which makes the application to n -electron systems straightforward. Projection of the Dirac operator to positive energy states does not remove the variational collapse unless this is done in a very special way.
Preparation and Characterization of Self-Assembled Polymer−Metal Complex Micelle from cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and Poly(ethylene glycol)−Poly(α,β-aspartic acid) Block Copolymer in an Aqueous Medium

Block copolymer micelles (polymer−metal complex micelles) containing platinum(II) complexes in the core were prepared through the complexation of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cisplatin, CDDP) with poly(ethylene glycol)−poly(α,β-aspartic acid) block copolymer (PEG−P(Asp)) in an aqueous medium. Dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that CDDP-complexed micelles had diameters of approximately 20 nm with considerably narrow distribution. The critical substitution molar ratio of CDDP to Asp residues in PEG−P(Asp) (CDDP/Asp) to form a stable micelle structure was determined to be 0.5. The CDDP-complexed micelle, which was stable in distilled water at room temperature, started to dissociate in approximately 10 h of the induction period accompanying the sustained release of platinum(II) complex from the micelle in physiological saline (0.15 M NaCl solution) at 37 °C. The release rate of CDDP was inversely correlated with the chain length of P(Asp) segments in the block copolymer. This property of sus.
Avaliação de contaminação por metais pesados em amostras de siris azuis

Because they are nonbiodegradable, heavy metals can accumulate in the living tissues along the food chain, reaching humans mainly through food. Swimming crabs and other organisms which feed on organic matter that is present in aquatic systems can ingest high loads of these toxic elements; hence, they pose a potential risk to the health of regional populations. This work involved a quantitative analysis of Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu in blue crab specimens of the genus Callinectes sp. (n = 144) collected along the Cubatao river, using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS). Except for Cr, whose average value exceeded the limit allowed for any type of food by Brazilian regulations, all the other elements fell below the maximum content recommended by health agencies. This paper also discusses the contribution of crab meat consumed by the population to the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) suggested by the World Health Organization.
First-Order Assessment of the Influence of Three EPS and Calcite-Producing Microbes Isolated from a Cemented Sand Site on Soil Shear Strength

Subsurface geotechnical data from a cemented tailings sand site in eastern India indicated that the cementation was at least partially biogenic. Three strains of aerobic soil-residing bacteria from this site exhibited capabilities of producing extracellular polymeric substance, calcite and struvite when grown in minimal mineral salt media. These strains grew easily under a variety of physical, chemical and nutritional conditions. Drained triaxial testing of loose sand samples indicated that they became stronger upon hosting these strains. No details on EPS and calcite production of these isolates and the effects of these products on soil behavior were found in the literature.
Development of a Passive Orthosis for Upper Extremity Assistance: towards a subject-specific device by means of musculoskeletal modelling

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Dispersão de amostras de latossolo vermelho eutroférrico influenciadas por pré-tratamento para oxidação da matéria orgânica e pelo tipo de agitação mecânica

The dispersion of Oxisol samples can be somewhat difficult due to highly stable microaggregates that are not always completely destroyed by chemical and mechanical dispersion. It is therefore important that chemical and mechanical methods are combined, along with the pretreatment of the sample, for complete and stable soil particle dispersion throughout the analytical procedures. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of mechanical dispersion (slow agitation with an orbital shaker - 30 rpm for 16 h, in the presence of coarse sand, and fast agitation with a cocktail shaker type - 1200 rpm for 20 min) and chemical dispersion with NaOH 1 mol L-1, associated to the pretreatment for elimination of the organic matter, regardless of its content in the soil sample, during the routine textural analysis method. For the analyses, 50 completely random samples from the layers 0-0.20 m and 1,15-1,25 m were collected with a Dutch-type auger in an Oxisol. Each sample represented a replication. Results showed major dispersion of the samples with pretreatment for organic matter oxidation. The process of slow agitation was always more efficient in the dispersion of the soil samples as compared to the fast agitation. The pretreatment for elimination of organic matter and mechanical dispersion with slow agitation for 16 hours and 30 g of coarse sand as abrasive was the most efficient in the dispersion of samples collected in the 0-0,20 m layer as well as at 1,15-1,25 m.
Counterion condensation in micellar and colloidal solutions

Asymptotic solutions are obtained to the Poisson–Boltzmann equation for large, highly charged spheres in an ionic solution. It is proved that as the size of the sphere is increased, keeping the surface charge density fixed, there is a critical value for the radius beyond which counterion condensation sets in. This critical radius is much larger than the Bjerrum length but small compared to the Debye length and depends on the ionic strength. An expression is derived for the effective charge. When the radius becomes much larger than the Debye length, it is shown that sufficiently many counterions condense in a shell of thickness small compared to the polyion radius to essentially neutralize the polyion charge.
A data analysis approach to study events’ influence in social networks

Nowadays, the assimilation of web content, by each individual, has a considerable impact on our’ everyday life. With the undeniable success of online social networks and microblogs, such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter, the phenomenon of influence exerted by users of such platforms on other users, and how it propagates in the network, has been attracting, for some years computer scientists, information technicians, and marketing specialists. Increased connectivity, multi-model access and the rise of social media shortened the distance between almost every person in the world, more and more content is generated. Extracting and analyzing a significant amount of data is not a trivial task, Big Data techniques are essential. Through the analysis of this interaction, an exchange of information and feelings, it is entirely imaginable its usefulness in understanding complex human behaviours and so, help diverse organization’s decision-making. Influence maximization and viral marketing are among the possibilities. This work is intended to study what is the impact and role that an event’s social influence has and how does it propagate, particularly on its surrounding territory. This influence is inferred by analysis of the online platform’s data, by applying intelligent techniques, right after its extraction. The final step is to validate the results with data from different sources. Helping businesses through actionable and valuable knowledge is the ultimate goal. This document contemplates an introductory section where the study subject and its State of the Art are addressed. Next, the problem and what direction to take to solve it are discussed.
Decomposition of dyes in the textile wastewater with ozone

Abstract Ozone treatment of textile wastewater and recycling of this treated water as process water have been investigated. Effects of pH, temperature,dye concentration and UV radiotion on the treatment of some azo dyes such as N‐ROT‐GRE, N‐ORANGE and INDISOL‐RUBINOL with ozone were investigated. Temperature was found not to effect the decomposition rates of these dyes. The ozone treatment was found to be more ecomomical with the diluted dye solution than with concentrated solutions. No positive effect of U V radiotion on decomposition of dyes were observed. When the flow rate of ozone was 0.2 mg / sec. chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) decreases of 44 mg and 36.6 mg per minute were found for the wastewaters of cotton dying and wool dying respectively.
HPLC Method for the Determination of the Purity of K[Pt(NH3)Cl3], a Precursor of the Platinum Complexes with Cytostatic Activity

K[Pt(NH3)Cl3], a valuable precursor for the preparation of platinum complexes with cytostatic activity, e.g. satraplatin, picoplatin, LA-12 and cycloplatam, is currently prepared from cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] or K2[PtCl4] and these are the usual impurities in the final product. A simple, selective and sensitive HPLC-UV analytical method for the determination of the purity of K[Pt(NH3)Cl3] and the quantification of the impurities has been developed and validated. The platinum complexes present in the final product were separated on a strong base ion exchange column by the gradient elution with detection at 213 nm. Intra-assay precisions for the platinum complexes respective to their ions ([PtCl4]2−, [Pt(NH3)Cl3]− and cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]) were between 0.1 and 2.0% (relative standard deviation); intermediate precisions were between 1.4 and 2.0% and accuracies were between 98.6 and 101.4%. Limits of detection of [PtCl4]2−, [Pt(NH3)Cl3]− and cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] were 6 µg · ml−1, 13 mg · ml−1 and 5 µg · ml−1 respectively, limits of quantification of [PtCl4]2−, [Pt(NH3)Cl3]− and cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] were 51 µg · ml−1, 55 mg · ml−1 and 20 µg · ml−1 respectively.
Hyaluronan Immobilized Polyurethane as a Blood Contacting Material

Hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid, HA) was immobilized onto the surface of amino-functionalized polyurethane films with the goal of obtaining a novel kind of biomaterial which had the potential in blood-contacting applications. The amino-functionalized polyurethane was prepared by synthesized acidic polyurethane whose pendant carboxyl groups were treated with an excess amount of 1,3-diaminopropane in the presence of N,N-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI). Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (RS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and water contact angle measurement were used to confirm the surface changes at each step of treatment, both in morphologies and chemical compositions. APTT and PT results showed that HA immobilization could prolong the blood coagulation time, thus HA-immobilized polyurethane (PU-HA) exhibited improved blood compatibility. Cytotoxicity analysis showed that the PU-HA films synthesized in this study were cytocompatible and could support human vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) adhesion and proliferation.
Cyanobacteria in Biological Soil Crust of Chadormalu Area, Bafq Region in Central Iran

Arid and semi-arid regions are characterized by sparse vegetation or absence of vegetation cover. The absence of a dense distribution of macrophytes (higher plants), much of arid and semi-arid surfaces are covered by microphytic communities of small non-vascular plants. An important group of organisms comprising soil crusts in such habitats are cyanobacteria. In this research the genus and species of cyanobacteria were detected at the Chadormalu desert, Yazd Province of Iran. The study showed that cyanobacteria (Microcoleous vaginatus, Nostoc.sp, Microcystis.sp, Ocillatoria.sp, Chroococcuss.sp, Chroococcidiopsis, Ocillatoria.sp, Chroococcuss.sp, Microcystis.sp) at Chadormalu Desert are comparable with other Deserts in cold and warm dry conditions.
A Review of Optical Nondestructive Visual and Near-Infrared Methods for Food Quality and Safety

This paper is a review of optical methods for online nondestructive food quality monitoring. The key spectral areas are the visual and near-infrared wavelengths. We have collected the information of over 260 papers published mainly during the last 20 years. Many of them use an analysis method called chemometrics which is shortly described in the paper. The main goal of this paper is to provide a general view of work done according to different FAO food classes. Hopefully using optical VIS/NIR spectroscopy gives an idea of how to better meet market and consumer needs for high-quality food stuff.
A High‐Performance, Nanostructured Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ Cathode for Solid‐Oxide Fuel Cells

IO N Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), the clean and effi cient powergeneration devices with signifi cant fuel fl exibility, traditionally require a high operating temperature (1000 ° C). This has limited their wide commercial application due to a number of material issues, such as the need for a complex electrode-sintering process and the poor chemical compatibility between the different cell components at high temperature. Intermediatetemperature solid-oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) operating in the temperature range of 500–800 ° C have been realized by employing anode-supported structures. [ 1–3 ] A typical anodesupported SOFC works with a 10 μ m thin electrolyte fi lm, which can decrease the cell ohmic resistance. However, the lower operating temperature has resulted in a signifi cant decrease of both the cathode electrical conductivity and the oxygen-reduction activity. Among the limiting factors hindering the improvement of anode-supported SOFC performance, the cathode polarization resistance has been regarded as the primary one. [ 1 , 4 ]
A Design Thinking Framework for Circular Business Model Innovation

Purpose Circular business model innovation (CBMI) can support sustainable business transitions, but the process is poorly understood and there is a lack of tools to assist companies in the CBMI process. This paper works towards closing these gaps, by developing a framework for CBMI based on a design thinking approach, which can support the CBMI process in companies and induce organizational transformation towards more sustainable business. Design The CBMI framework was developed in connection with a multiple case study in which six companies created circular business models in collaboration with the researchers. Findings A design thinking process typically consists of three innovation phases: an exploratory, an ideation, and a prototyping and testing space. Yet, the developed framework advocates two additional spaces, namely an introductory and an alignment space. The results attained in the six case companies indicate that the developed framework is useful for CBMI in diverse organizational settings. Practical implications The study contributes with a framework to help practitioners facilitate and maneuver the challenging CBMI process. The framework provides guidelines to follow, and inspiration for CBMI-specific and general tools that could be adapted to a given organizational setting. Value The contribution of the paper is an empirically founded framework to assist CBMI. The paper also offers a conceptual overview of the CBMI process, and links CBMI to an organizational transformation towards the circular economy.
Preparation and Properties of Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Blending Modification Polyester

Phosphorous-containing flame retardant additive for polyethylene terephthalate (PET), hexa(phenylamino)cyclotriphosphazene (HPACP) was synthesized by substitution reaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) with aniline. The melting temperature of HPACP are 279.2°C, and HPACP possesses of favorable thermal stability. Flame-retardant effect of HPACP on PET was investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Limit Oxygen Index (LOI) methods. With the content of flame retardant HPACP increasing, the melting enthalpy of PET reduced, while the melting temperature and onset temperature showed a decreasing tendency. With the weakening of melt dripping phenomenon, LOI of PET/ HPACP flame retardant systems increases with the increase of content of HPACP. LOI of PET containing 10 wt% of HPACP is 28.3.