Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Force from Motion: Decoding Control Force of Activity in a First-Person Video

A first-person video delivers what the camera wearer (actor) experiences through physical interactions with surroundings. In this paper, we focus on a problem of Force from Motion—estimating the active force and torque exerted by the actor to drive her/his activity—from a first-person video. We use two physical cues inherited in the first-person video. (1) Ego-motion: the camera motion is generated by a resultant of force interactions, which allows us to understand the effect of the active force using Newtonian mechanics. (2) Visual semantics: the first-person visual scene is deployed to afford the actor's activity, which is indicative of the physical context of the activity. We estimate the active force and torque using a dynamical system that can describe the transition (dynamics) of the actor's physical state (position, orientation, and linear/angular momentum) where the latent physical state is indirectly observed by the first-person video. We approximate the physical state with the 3D camera trajectory that is reconstructed up to scale and orientation. The absolute scale factor and gravitation field are learned from the ego-motion and visual semantics of the first-person video. Inspired by an optimal control theory, we solve the dynamical system by minimizing reprojection error. Our method shows quantitatively equivalent reconstruction comparing to IMU measurements in terms of gravity and scale recovery and outperforms the methods based on 2D optical flow for an active action recognition task. We apply our method to first-person videos of mountain biking, urban bike racing, skiing, speedflying with parachute, and wingsuit flying where inertial measurements are not accessible.
Direct analysis in real time high-resolution mass spectrometry for high-throughput analysis of antiparasitic veterinary drugs in feed and food.

RATIONALE Direct analysis in real time (DART) is a novel ionization technique that has been demonstrated in numerous applications as a useful tool for fast and convenient mass spectrometry (MS)-based analysis of complex samples. In this study, the feasibility of DART ionization coupled to a high-resolution mass spectrometer utilizing an orbitrap mass analyzer (orbitrap MS) for high-throughput analysis of antiparasitic veterinary drugs was explored. METHODS To obtain the best DART-orbitrap MS performance, stepwise optimization of instrumental parameter settings, such as ionization gas temperature and mass resolving power, was performed. The optimized method was applied to feed and bovine milk samples previously extracted following a QuEChERS-like strategy. RESULTS Most antiparasitic drugs could be analyzed following the described method. Positive DART ionization provided the protonated molecules [M+H](+); in negative DART ion mode, deprotonated molecules [M-H](-) were observed. As an exception, polyether ionophores could be observed as the sodiated adducts [M+Na](+). Samples of milk and feed were extracted using a modified QuEChERS method for the determination of benzimidazoles and coccidiostats respectively and quantification was carried out by matrix-matched calibration curves. CONCLUSIONS The combination of an analysis time of less than 1 min per sample and the possibility to acquire accurate masses under high mass resolving power (HR) makes the DART-HRMS technique an effective tool for rapid qualitative screening of antiparasitic veterinary drugs. Additionally, the results obtained in this study demonstrated the feasibility of this approach to quantify target analytes at levels down to 1 µg kg(-1) for benzimidazolic compounds in milk and 0.25 mg kg(-1) for coccidiostats in chicken feed.
Torque ripple reduction in direct torque control based induction motor drive using novel optimal controller design technique

In the present work a novel strategy for optimum design of flux and torque controller for carrier space vector pulse width modulation based direct torque control (CSVPWM DTC) of induction motor (IM) drive has been implemented. Two positive and one negative torque slope levels per half the switching period has been predicted for CSVPWM DTC IM drive based on which a new optimal control strategy is proposed for the design of flux and torque controllers where, a P controller is used in the flux loop and a PI controller is used in the torque loop. Performance investigation shows that optimally tuned controllers used in CSVPWM DTC technique are helpful in reducing torque ripple. In proposed control strategy flux and torque slopes are derived using d-q axis induction motor model in stationary reference frame. These slope parameters are respectively utilized to find the transfer function (TF) of flux and torque loops. Using these TF, flux P and torque PI controller settings are obtained such that they give the best results in terms of reduced torque ripple for any flux and torque slopes. In order to show the superiority of the proposed control strategy for CSVPWM DTC IM drive over conventional DTC technique, comparison of simulation and hardware results are presented.
A structural alignment kernel for protein structures : Supplementary information

The first two authors contributed equally to this work • A kernel that takes into account the properties of the amino acids in a secondary structural element: average hydrophobicity (quantified by the Kyte-Doolittle index [Kyte and Doolittle, 1982]), average hydrophilicity (quantified by the Hopp-Woods index [Hopp and Woods, 1981]), fraction of hydrophobic, hydrophilic, positively charged, negatively charged, and cysteine residues. A linear kernel is applied to this vector of features.
${N}$ -Continuous SC-FDMA and Its Polarized Transmission and Reception

This paper investigates the application of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-continuous spectral projection precoding design to single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA). It first considers a general orthogonal projection-based precoded system with an improved iterative receiver and analyzes its ultimate performance in an additive white Gaussian noise channel, both in terms of achievable throughput and symbol-error rates. For <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-continuous SC-FDMA, the distribution of the symbol errors is very much asymmetric; a few base pulses carry the lion share of the self-induced interference, resulting in a zero throughput. We show that an optimized transmission and reception scheme based on a polarized use of the base pulses can satisfactorily deal with this asymmetry, and the end-to-end throughput can be recovered to be close to optimal. Applying a similar scheme to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-continuous OFDM enables also an improved performance in the high-SNR regime, where the interference effect strikes the most.
Exploring an interaction of adenosine A2A receptor variability with coffee and tea intake in Parkinson's disease

Caffeine is an adenosine receptor A1 and A2A receptor antagonist and a putative functional genetic variant of the A2A receptor (2592C > Tins) mediates caffeine‐induced anxiety. Here we investigated the potential interaction of this A2A genetic variant with the quantity of coffee and tea intake and their relationship with the risk of PD. A total of 441 subjects consisting of 222 PD and 219 race, gender and age matched controls were included. A multivariate analysis of the variables including the 2592C > Tins A2A genotypes, age of onset, gender, and the quantity of tea and coffee intake, interaction of the A2A genotypes with coffee intake, interaction of A(2)A genotypes with tea intake demonstrated the quantity of coffee intake to be significantly associated with PD (P < 0.0005, OR = 0.922, 95% CI: 0.881, 0.964). However, there was no significant interaction of the A2A genotypes with the quantity of coffee and tea intake in modulating the risk of PD. The dose dependent protective effect of coffee intake in PD was independent of the 2592C > Tins A2A genotype suggesting that the pharmacogenetic action of caffeine in PD may be mediated differently from other caffeine‐induced neurologic syndromes. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Tone Compression Model for the Compensation of White Point Shift Generated from HDR Rendering

Recently, a new image appearance model, named iCAM06, was developed for High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) image rendering. The dynamic range of a HDR image needs to be mapped on the range of output devices, which is called the tone reproduction or tone mapping. The iCAM06, the representative HDR rendering algorithm also uses the tone compression using a S-curve mapping function for image reproduction on the dynamic range of output devices. However the iCAM06 occurs white point shift during its tone compression process. Therefore, we propose a compensation method for white point shift problem using the corrected channel gain function. Experiment results show that the proposed method has better performance than the iCAM06.
Bayesian Metamodeling for Computer Experiments Using the Gaussian Kriging Models

In the past two decades, more and more quality and reliability activities have been moving into the design of product and process. The design and analysis of computer experiments, as a new frontier of the design of experiments, has become increasingly popular among modern companies for optimizing product and process conditions and producing high‐quality yet low‐cost products and processes. This article mainly focuses on the issue of constructing cheap metamodels as alternatives to the expensive computer simulators and proposes a new metamodeling method on the basis of the Gaussian stochastic process model or Gaussian Kriging. Rather than a constant mean as in ordinary Kriging or a fixed mean function as in universal Kriging, the new method captures the overall trend of the performance characteristics of products and processes through a more accurate mean, by efficiently incorporating a scheme of sparseness prior–based Bayesian inference into Kriging. Meanwhile, the mean model is able to adaptively exclude the unimportant effects that deteriorate the prediction performance. The results of an experiment on empirical applications demonstrate that, compared with several benchmark methods in the literature, the proposed Bayesian method is not only much more effective in approximation but also very efficient in implementation, hence more appropriate than the widely used ordinary Kriging to empirical applications in the real world. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality and Age of Companion Felid Embryos Modulate Enhanced Development by Group Culture1

Abstract For some species, embryos cultured with conspecific companions may have enhanced in vitro development compared with singletons. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of quality and age of companion embryos on single felid embryos produced by in vitro maturation or in vitro fertilization. Test oocytes (intermediate quality) were inseminated and incubated alone or with 10 embryos derived from oocytes with a high, intermediate, or low glucose uptake. The effect of relative age of companion embryos on test embryo development was also examined by insemination and incubation of test oocytes alone or with 10 conspecific embryos that were older, younger, or the same age. Test embryos coincubated with better- or equal-quality companions had better development and more cells per embryo (mean ± SEM number, 74.9 ± 16.9 and 40.6 ± 8.8, respectively, Day 7; P < 0.05) than test embryos coincubated with lesser-quality companions (5.1 ± 1.4) or alone (8.4 ± 3.7). Intermediate-quality embryos incubated with older companions had more cells per embryo (88.3 ± 17.0; P < 0.01) than those incubated with synchronous (49.3 ± 12.1) or younger (29.4 ± 6.1) embryos. The cell number of solitary embryos (9.8 ± 3.1) was less (P < 0.05) than that of every group of test embryos incubated with companions, regardless of age. In vitro development of solitary cat embryos is improved by culture with excellent-quality conspecific companions, particularly companions of an advanced age.
Greater visceral abdominal fat is associated with a lower probability of conversion of prehypertension to normotension

Objective: Prehypertension is associated with increased risk for incident hypertension. However, little is known about how frequently prehypertension converts to normotension, and which variables predict this conversion. Methods: We identified 186 Japanese Americans with prehypertension (110 men, 76 women) aged 34–75 years (mean age of 52.3 years) who were followed at 5 and 10 years after enrollment. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer and average blood pressure was calculated. Subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous thigh adipose tissue area were measured by computed tomography. Results: Approximately one-third of those with prehypertension converted to normotension over 10 years of follow-up. Those who converted to normotension were younger, less obese, and had significantly lower baseline SBP, fasting glucose, cholesterol levels, and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance compared with study participants who continued to have prehypertension or progressed to hypertension. With regard to body fat compartments, study participants with conversion to normotension showed a significantly smaller VAT area compared with the nonconversion group (P < 0.001); but, subcutaneous adipose tissue and subcutaneous thigh adipose tissue were not significant. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, baseline VAT was inversely associated with the conversion independent of age, sex, waist circumference, diabetes, fasting glucose, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and SBP [odds ratio per 1 SD VAT increment (95% confidence interval), 0.35 (0.15–0.80), P = 0.012]. Conclusion: This is the first prospective study showing the role of body fat distribution, determined by computed tomography scan, in predicting the natural history of prehypertension. Baseline VAT was inversely and independently associated with the conversion to normal blood pressure. No other adipose variable was significant. The mechanisms responsible for these observations remain to be elucidated.
HLA‐G regulatory polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to HCV infection

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is able to bypass the immune system modulating innate and adaptive immune response and blocking T helper 1 (Th1) cell production. Because the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐G molecule has immunomodulatory properties inhibiting the function and production of natural killer and cytotoxic lymphocyte T cells, as well as promoting shift from Th1 toward Th2 response, we hypothesized its involvement in susceptibility to HCV infection.
Discontinuous finite-time consensus algorithm for multiple nonholonomic systems with disturbances

A discontinuous finite-time consensus algorithm for multiple nonholonomic systems with disturbances is studied. The nonholonomic systems are transformed into two subsystems with disturbances. Firstly, two integral terminal sliding surface are designed. We will illustrate that, when the sliding surfaces reach zero, the state consensus is achieved in a finite time for the two subsystems respectively. Then, terminal sliding mode (TSM) control laws are designed to guarantee the finite-time reaching of two sliding surfaces. Next, a designed switching control strategy is proposed to guarantee the state consensus for the overall nonholonomic systems. Finally we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed controllers with simulation.
Wireless parallel control of three-phase inverters based on virtual synchronous generator theory

In this paper, virtual synchronous generator (VSG) theory is investigated and utilized to control parallel inverters in a micro-grid, which is capable of sharing the local loads without communication lines. The mathematical model of VSG is built to describe the electromagnetic and mechanical characteristics of a synchronous generator. To make the model suitable for parallel inverters application, droop control is embedded to ensure the active and reactive power regulations. A small signal model is built to analyze dynamic and steady property of inverters. As a result, different VSGs with different parameters can share the power of local loads according to their capacities, and can meet the performance of different response time. At last, the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach are verified by the simulated results using PSCAD/EMTDC.
Self-organizing network based handover mechanism for LTE networks

Self-Organizing Network (SON) mechanism comprises of three components of self-configuration, self-optimization and self-healing which can contribute to optimize the performance of the next generation broadband network such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. The aim of this study is to propose a self-organizing handover procedure based on the Self-Organizing Network (SON) concept for LTE network. The simulation scenario and analysis on the performance of the proposed SON-based handover was conducted using the QualNet software. The two main handover parameters that have been modified are the Hysteresis (Hys) and Time-To-Trigger (TTT). The outcome of the simulation shows the network performance is better after optimizing the Hys and TTT setting of the handover parameters. In particular the LTE network shows remarkable improvement in the network throughput and smaller network delay. This study will be beneficial to future research works as the trend in the communication technologies are always changing rapidly and the self-manage mechanism will become essential for the network operators.
Lossy to lossless image coding based on wavelets using a complex allpass filter

Wavelet-based image coding has been adopted in the international standard JPEG 2000 for its efficiency. It is well-known that the orthogonality and symmetry of wavelets are two important properties for many applications of signal processing and image processing. Both can be simultaneously realized by the wavelet filter banks composed of a complex allpass filter, thus, it is expected to get a better coding performance than the conventional biorthogonal wavelets. This paper proposes an effective implementation of orthonormal symmetric wavelet filter banks composed of a complex allpass filter for lossy to lossless image compression. First, irreversible real-to-real wavelet transforms are realized by implementing a complex allpass filter for lossy image coding. Next, reversible integer-to-integer wavelet transforms are proposed by incorporating the rounding operation into the filtering processing to obtain an invertible complex allpass filter for lossless image coding. Finally, the coding performance of the proposed orthonormal symmetric wavelets is evaluated and compared with the D-9/7 and D-5/3 biorthogonal wavelets. It is shown from the experimental results that the proposed allpass-based orthonormal symmetric wavelets can achieve a better coding performance than the conventional D-9/7 and D-5/3 biorthogonal wavelets both in lossy and lossless coding.
Energy-efficient baseband receiver design in deep sub-/spl mu/m technology

Novel physical layer techniques (e.g., hybrid-ARQ) dramatically increase the embedded memory of baseband receivers. Frequent accesses to large memories are among the top dynamic power drainers. Moreover, shrinking form factors of portable devices pushes for deep sub-μm technology suffering from an increase in static leakage power. In this paper, we demonstrate the need to combine low power techniques at the system, architecture and device level to ensure energy-efficient designs in deep sub-μm. The 3GPP-HSDPA receiver implemented with STMicroelectronics’ 90nm CMOS technology serves as a case study, where energy reductions of up to 70% are observed compared to more conventional designs.
JOIN PRESERVING MAPS , FUZZY PREORDERS AND ALEXANDROV FUZZY TOPOLOGIES

In this paper, we investigate the properties of join preserving maps in complete residuated lattices. We define join approximation operators as a generalization of fuzzy rough sets in complete residuated lattices. Moreover, we investigate the relations between join preserving operators and Alexandrov fuzzy topologies. We give their examples. AMS Subject Classification: 03E72, 03G10, 06A15, 06F07
Energy control in all-electric ship: State of the art and IoT perspectives

This paper focuses on a possible evolution of the control architectures suitable for Integrated Power Systems in modern all-electric ships. In control systems there is a major trend in using information and telecommunication technology as general real-time operating systems and standard communication protocols. This trend leads a standardization at software and communication protocol level that is unavoidable considering the ever-increasing needs of integration of power electronics and control systems in shipboard Integrated Power Systems. Using Internet of Things protocol frameworks can improve quality and performance of controlled systems.
Lesions in citrate synthase that affect aerobic nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter chroococcum

A class of Azotobacter chroococcum mutants induced by Tn1 that were defective in normal aerobic nitrogen fixation when grown on sugars (Fos-) were corrected by provision of alpha-ketoglutarate or glutamate. In a representative mutant, Fos252, rates of evolution of 14CO2 from [14C]acetate or [14C]glucose were 5% of the parental values, although uptake and incorporation were normal for both substrates. The results suggest that a lesion affects the entry of substrates into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The activity of citrate synthase in Fos252 in vitro was 5% that of the parents. The citrate synthase (gltA) gene from Escherichia coli was cloned into broad-host-range vectors and mobilized into Fos252. The plasmids restored parental citrate synthase activities to Fos252 and complemented the inability to fix N2 in air. The data indicate that a mutation causing an intrinsic limitation in respiratory capacity abolishes normal aerobic N2 fixation, which is consistent with the hypothesis of respiratory protection for nitrogenase in Azotobacter species.
Purification and some properties of bovine liver cytosol thioltransferase.

A cytosol thioltransferase was purified 37,000-fold from bovine liver by essentially the same procedure as reported for rat liver enzyme by Axelsson et al. [1978) Biochemistry 17, 2978-2984). The purified enzyme appears to be homogeneous on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-gel electrophoresis and has a molecular weight (Mr) of 11,000, an isoelectric point (pI) of 8.1, and an optimum pH with S-sulfocysteine and GSH as substrates of 8.5. It is specific for disulfides including L-cystine, S-sulfocysteine, ribonuclease A, trypsin, soybean kunitz trypsin inhibitor, soybean Bowman Birk trypsin inhibitor and insulin, and converts Bowman Birk trypsin inhibitor to an inactive form. The enzyme does not act as a protein : disulfide isomerase, as measured by reactivation of "scramble" ribonuclease and Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor. Thioltransferase activity was found in cytosol of various bovine tissues.