Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early Transcriptional Changes of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) in Cell Culture

Background and Objectives: While autologous fat grafting has been carried out in the clinical field for many years, the utilization of isolated and cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is highly restricted in many countries. However, ADSCs are under investigation currently and heavily researched in many cell-based therapy approaches in the field of regenerative medicine. Objective: For the utilization of future cell-based therapies with ADSCs, in vitro cell expansion might be necessary in many cases. Thus, the cellular characteristics of ADSCs may be altered though the process of being cultured. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the gene expression profile of ADSCs after cell expansion for 48 h. Materials and Methods: Isolated ADSCs from five different donors were used for in vitro expansion. For the evaluation of the gene expression profile, mRNA deep Next-Generation Sequencing was performed to evaluate the differences between cultured and freshly isolated cells. Results: Our study gives insight into transcriptional changes in ADSCs after a short cell cultivation period. This includes the most prominent upregulated genes such as PPL, PRR15, CCL11 and ABCA9, as well the most downregulated genes, which are FOSB, FOS, EGR1 and DUSP6. Furthermore, we showed different biological processes that changed during short-term cell expansion, which led to downregulation of fat-associated metabolism hormone processes and to an upregulation of extracellular matrix-associated genes. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study reveals a detailed insight into early changes in the gene expression profile of cultured ADSCs. Our results can be utilized in future experiments.
Manufacturing constraints in parameter–free shape optimization

Structural shape optimization has become an important tool for engineers when it comes to improving components with respect to a given goal function. During this process the designer has to ensure that the optimized part stays manufacturable. Depending on the manufacturing process several requirements could be relevant such as demolding or different kinds of symmetry. This work introduces two approaches on how to handle manufacturing constraints in parameter‐free shape optimization. In the so–called explicit approach equality and inequality equations are formulated using the coordinates of the FE‐nodes. These equations can be used to extend the optimization problem. Since the number of the additional constraint equations may be very large we apply aggregation formulations, e.g. the Kreisselmeier‐Steinhauser function, if necessary. In the second approach, the so–called implicit method, the set of design nodes is split in two groups called optimization nodes and dependent nodes. The optimization nodes are now handled as design nodes but the dependent nodes are coupled to the optimization nodes in such a way that the manufacturing constraint is fulfilled. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cavity quantum electrodynamics : the strange theory of light in a box

Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. Fiat Lux! 3. The Photon's Wavefunction. 4. A Box of Photons. 5. Let Matter Be! 6. Spontaneous Emission. 7. Macroscopic QED. 8. The Maser, the Laser, and their Cavity-QED Cousins. 9. Open Cavities. Appendix A: Perfect Cavity Modes. Appendix B: Perfect Cavity Boundary Conditions. Appendix C: Quaternions and Special Relativity. Appendix D: The Baker-Hausdorff Formula. Appendix E: Vectors and Vector Identities. Appendix F: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. References. Index.
Recurrent and Deep Learning Neural Network Models for DDoS Attack Detection

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is a subclass of denial of service attack that performs severe attack in a cloud computing environment. It makes a malicious attempt to disturb the usual services of any network or server by using botnets. Hence, an efficient intrusion detection system (IDS) is essential to detect this attack. Some limitations in the existing IDS models for DDoS attack detection are delayed convergence, local stagnation issues, and local and global optimal trapping issues. These limitations are met by the recurrent neural network (RNN) and deep learning- (DL-) based proposed models that can utilize the previous states of the hidden neuron. The proposed research has used a long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network and autoencoder- and decoder-based deep learning strategy with gradient descent learning rule. The network parameters like weight vectors and bias coefficient are tuned optimally by employing the proposed a hybrid Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The proposed hybrid optimization algorithm selects the essential attributes, and the results obtained confirmed that the proposed LSTM and deep learning model outperformed all other models developed in the literature.
Axillary Management after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy; A Review of How and When?

A Abstract Axillary management in breast cancer has multiple paradigm changes. From standard axillary dissection level 1 and level 2 to sentinel lymph node biopsy in early-stage breast cancer. Now sentinel lymph node biopsy trend to use after neoadjuvant treatment to reduce the morbidity from standard axillary dissection. This review is collecting information on axillary management after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Such as how to improve the accuracy of SLN in initial clinical nodal negative and initial clinical nodal positive before receiving neoadjuvant treatment, the role of axillary dissection after SLN, and the role of radiation therapy and the factors that predict the pathological nodal negative after neoadjuvant treatment. This review can support surgeons who decide to do SLN after neoadjuvant treatment.
Investigation of Stokes' second problem for non-Newtonian fluids

The motion of an incompressible fluid caused by the oscillation of a plane flat plate of infinite length is termed Stokes’ second problem. We assume zero velocity normal to the plate and thus simplified Navier-Stokes equations. For the unsteady Stokes’ second problem, solutions may be obtained by using Laplace transforms, perturbation techniques, homotopy, differential transform method or Adomian decomposition method. Stokes’ second problem is discussed for second-grade and Oldroyd-B non-Newtonian fluids. This dissertation summarizes previously published work.
Application of fiber Bragg gratings for strain measurement in historic textiles and paintings on canvas

The aim of this work was to evaluate the applicability of optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors to the monitoring of deformation in historical textiles and paintings on canvas. Fibers with a ceramic coating were selected for strain investigation in textiles due to both their almost perfect strain transfer and much shorter relaxation times compared to fibers with an acrylate coating. FBG sensors were attached to fabrics in a non-destructive manner using specially designed magnetic clamps. Local strain measurements using these sensors were consistent with general strains measured using either a universal testing machine (UTM) or a laser triangulator when varying external load or relative humidity. However, strain magnitudes measured by the different methods were comparable only after correction for the influence of the fiber on the textile under study. Strain measurements in model paintings on canvas were carried out using uncoated fibers embedded in the gesso layers on the canvas. Despite some drawbacks, the FBG sensors were found to be useful in monitoring strain in historic textiles and consequently, for the assessment of environmental risk of these works-of-art.
Adaptive Beamforming Approaches to Improve Passive Radar Performance in Sea and Wind Farms’ Clutter

This article presents the problem of passive radar vessel detection in a real coastal scenario in the presence of sea and wind farms’ clutter, which are characterised by high spatial and time variability due to the influence of weather conditions. Deterministic and adaptive beamforming techniques are proposed and evaluated using real data. Key points such as interference localisation and characterisation are tackled in the passive bistatic scenario with omnidirectional illuminators that critically increase the area of potential clutter sources to areas far from the surveillance area. Adaptive beamforming approaches provide significant Signal-to-Interference improvements and important radar coverage improvements. In the presented case study, an aerial target is detected 28 km far from the passive radar receiver, fulfilling highly demanding performance requirements.
An Influence of Oxygen Flow Rate and Spray Distance on the Porosity of HVOF Coating and Its Effects on Corrosion—A Review

Thermal spray coating, exceptionally high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF), improves the corrosion resistance and wear of metal. Coating parameters play a vital role in the properties of the coating. The quality of coating can be increased by selecting appropriate coating parameters. In the case of HVOF, the oxygen flow rate and spray distance are the most significant parameters that directly influence the porosity and corrosion resistance of the coating. Porosity is essential in thermal barrier coatings for low thermal conductivity, but there is a limit of porosity beyond which it can cause failure. Hence, understanding the effects of these parameters is essential to evaluate and further minimize the porosity in order to improve the corrosion resistance and durability of the thermal barrier coating. This article reviews hot corrosion in thermal barrier coatings, the stages of corrosion, the importance of spray parameters, and the effect of the oxygen flow rate and spray distance on the corrosion resistance of HVOF-sprayed coatings. Afterwards, the coating materials, the substrate, the flow rate of oxygen, the spray distance, and the fuel used during the HVOF spraying process from recent articles are summarized. In summary, this review compares the flow rate of oxygen and the spray distance with the corrosion capacity of the coating under different corrosive environments and materials to optimize these parameters for high-quality coating, which would sustain under high temperatures for future applications.
Ligand Engineering Triggered Efficiency Tunable Emission in Zero-Dimensional Manganese Hybrids for White Light-Emitting Diodes

Zero-dimensional (0D) hybrid manganese halides have emerged as promising platforms for the white light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs) owing to their excellent optical properties. Necessary for researching on the structure-activity relationship of photoluminescence (PL), the novel manganese bromides (C13H14N)2MnBr4 and (C13H26N)2MnBr4 are reported by screening two ligands with similar atomic arrangements but various steric configurations. It is found that (C13H14N)2MnBr4 with planar configuration tends to promote a stronger electron-phonon coupling, crystal filed effect and concentration-quenching effect than (C13H26N)2MnBr4 with chair configuration, resulting in the broadband emission (FWHM = 63 nm) to peak at 539 nm with a large Stokes shift (70 nm) and a relatively low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) (46.23%), which makes for the potential application (LED-1, Ra = 82.1) in solid-state lighting. In contrast, (C13H26N)2MnBr4 exhibits a narrowband emission (FWHM = 44 nm) which peaked at 515 nm with a small Stokes shift (47 nm) and a high PLQY of 64.60%, and the as-fabricated white LED-2 reaches a wide colour gamut of 107.8% National Television Standards Committee (NTSC), thus highlighting the immeasurable application prospects in solid-state display. This work clarifies the significance of the spatial configuration of organic cations in hybrids perovskites and enriches the design ideas for function-oriented low-dimensional emitters.
Global stability and feedback control of boundary layer flows

The stability of the Blasius flat-plate boundary-layer flow to three-dimensional disturbances is studied by means of optimisation methods at relatively high Reynolds numbers. We consider both the optimal initial condition leading to the largest growth at finite times and the optimal time-periodic forcing leading to the largest asymptotic response. Both optimisation problems are solved using a Lagrange multiplier technique, where the objective function is the kinetic energy of the flow perturbations and the constraints involve the linearised Navier-Stokes equations. In both cases the evolution equations for the Lagrange multiplier are the adjoint Navier-Stokes equations. The approach proposed here is particularly suited to examine convectively unstable flows, where single global eigenmodes of the system do not capture the downstream growth of the disturbances. The optimal initial condition for spanwise wavelengths of the order of the boundary layer thickness are streamwise vortices exploiting the lift-up mechanism to create streaks. For long spanwise wavelengths it is the Orr mechanism combined with oblique wave packet propagation that dominates. It is found that the latter mechanism is dominant for the relatively high Reynolds number and the long computational domain considered here. The spatial structure of the optimal forcing is similar to the that of the optimal initial condition, and the response to forcing is also dominated by the Orr/oblique wave mechanism, however less so than in the former case. The lift-up mechanism is, as in the local approach using the Orr-Sommerfeld squire equations, most efficient at zero frequency and degrades slowly for increasing frequencies.
First Record of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei spargana Infection in Amphibians of South Asia: A Causative Agent of Surficial Abnormalities

Background: Sparganosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Plerocercoid larvae (spargana) of the genus Spirometra. We aimed to provide molecular evidence for the infection of amphibians with Spirometra sp. in the inside and outside of Horton Plains National Park (HPNP), Sri Lanka. Methods: The prevalence of sparganum infection in wild frogs (Truga eques and Minverya agricola) was investigated in the inside and outside of HPNP from June 2019 to April 2021.A total of 1,434 Amphibians samples were surveyed to examine the spargana infection from the study site. To identify the species identity of the collected spargana, a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene and nuclear 18S rRNA gene were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed. Results: A total of 539 infected amphibians (T. eques and M. agricola) samples were examined to survey from the study area. Spargana were detected in all dissected specimens belonging to the species Spirometra erinaceieuropaei that were genetically confirmed using the evolutionary conserved nuclear 18S rRNA gene and then compared to the GenBank deposit, indicating that S. erinaceieuropaei is the primary causal agent of sparganosis both inside and outside the HPNP. Conclusion: Our finding is the first genetically confirmed record of S. erinaceieuropaei in amphibians in South Asia. However, further studies are needed to investigate the prevalence of sparagna infection in amphibians all over the island.
Stallings foldings and the subgroup structure of free groups

We re-cast in a more combinatorial and computational form the foldings approach of John Stallings and pursue a detailed study of the subgroup structure of free groups. In particular, we introduce the notions of an "algebraic" and a "free" extension for subgroups of free groups and apply these notions to obtain a number of algebraic and algorithmic results.
Miniaturized Dual-Band Antenna for GSM1800, WLAN, and Sub-6 GHz 5G Portable Mobile Devices

Miniature devices are becoming increasingly demanded as fifth-generation (5G) technology is been deployed. This has necessitated the need to miniaturize all the various components of 5G enabling systems. It is a well-known fact that without the antenna, there is no wireless communication as it forms the link between the space and the wired network. Hence, the miniaturization of the antenna will contribute to the miniaturization of the entire wireless system. In this work, a miniature dual-band ultracompact antenna based on an opened-B-shaped (OBS) patch, a partial ground, and a ground protruding stub is presented. The antenna size is 0.14 × 0.07 λ o λ o @ 1.85 G H z . The proposed antenna is etched on a rogers (RT5880) substrate and fed with a 50 Ω asymmetric microstrip feedline. The proposed OBS antenna is fabricated and measured. In addition, the equivalent circuit of the proposed OBS antenna is designed and analyzed using AWR®. The antenna operates at a center frequency of 1.85 GHz and 5.89 GHz with an impedance bandwidth of 10.41% and 36.29%, respectively, which means that the first and second bands are narrow and wide bands, respectively. Furthermore, the mean peak gain of the proposed OBS antenna at lower and upper bands are 4.1 dB and 3.95 dB, respectively. More so, the radiation pattern antenna shows a quasiomnidirectional at E-plane and omnidirectional at H-plane. There is a good agreement between simulated and measured results. Therefore, the proposed OBS antenna is a suitable candidate for future portable mobile devices.
Collagen Remodeling along Cancer Progression Providing a Novel Opportunity for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a significant factor in cancer progression. Collagens, as the main component of the ECM, are greatly remodeled alongside cancer development. More and more studies have confirmed that collagens changed from a barrier to providing assistance in cancer development. In this course, collagens cause remodeling alongside cancer progression, which in turn, promotes cancer development. The interaction between collagens and tumor cells is complex with biochemical and mechanical signals intervention through activating diverse signal pathways. As the mechanism gradually clears, it becomes a new target to find opportunities to diagnose and treat cancer. In this review, we investigated the process of collagen remodeling in cancer progression and discussed the interaction between collagens and cancer cells. Several typical effects associated with collagens were highlighted in the review, such as fibrillation in precancerous lesions, enhancing ECM stiffness, promoting angiogenesis, and guiding invasion. Then, the values of cancer diagnosis and prognosis were focused on. It is worth noting that several generated fragments in serum were reported to be able to be biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, which is beneficial for clinic detection. At a glance, a variety of reported biomarkers were summarized. Many collagen-associated targets and drugs have been reported for cancer treatment in recent years. The new targets and related drugs were discussed in the review. The mass data were collected and classified by mechanism. Overall, the interaction of collagens and tumor cells is complicated, in which the mechanisms are not completely clear. A lot of collagen-associated biomarkers are excavated for cancer diagnosis. However, new therapeutic targets and related drugs are almost in clinical trials, with merely a few in clinical applications. So, more efforts are needed in collagens-associated studies and drug development for cancer research and treatment.
High-power SiO2∕AlGaN∕GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor heterostructure field-effect transistors

We report on SiO2∕AlGaN∕GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor heterostructure field-effect transistors (MOSHFETs), which exhibit a 6.7W∕mm power density at 7GHz. Unpassivated and SiO2-passivated heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) were also investigated for comparison. Deposited 12nm thick SiO2 yielded an increase of the sheet carrier density from 7.6×1012to9.2×1012cm−2 and a subsequent increase of the static drain saturation current from 0.75to1. 09A∕mm. The small-signal rf characterization of the MOSHFETs showed an extrinsic current gain cutoff frequency fT of 24GHz and a maximum frequency of oscillation fmax of 40GHz. The output power of 6.7W∕mm of the MOSHFETs measured at 7GHz is about two times larger than that of HFETs. The results obtained demonstrate the suitability of GaN-based MOSHFETs for high-power electronics.
Natural Regeneration Capacity of Shorea leprosula Miq. at Gunung Dahu Research Forest in Bogor

Shorea leprosula is one of the tree species within Dipterocarpaceae family which is a major source for timber production. The species has been planted massively in Gunung Dahu Research Forest (GDRF) in Leuwiliang- Bogor. Gunung Dahu Research Forest is a man-made dipterocarp forest which has varying slope class, topoghraphy and canopy cover. Furthermore, Natural regeneration is an important ecological factor in assessing the ability of forest regeneration, including in a plantation forest. Therefore, it is necessary to know the effect of slope and canopy cover on the regeneration of S. leprosula in order to characterize what factors support and constraint the naturally regenerating forest of Gunung Dahu Research Forest. Regeneration capacity of the species was observed in purposive plots which have been recorded for their flowering events. Seedlings were grouped into seedlings, and saplings. It was measured by census method in every slopes. Meanwhile, Variable observed included, number of available seedling at each slope category slope with its canopy cover, height and diameter of seedlings, and litter thickness. Regeneration capacity of the species was observed in purposive plots which had been recorded for their flowering events. Seedlings and saplings were taken using the census method. The results show that flat slope with shady canopy cover has the highest capacity of seedlings and the best growth. The uneven distribution of height and diameter indicates the need for silviculture action; such as, maintenance.
Validation of the Norma Latina Neuropsychological Assessment Battery in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease in Mexico

To our knowledge, this is the first study reported in the literature that has validated the Norma Latina Battery in a population of people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Mexico. The objective of the study was to determine the discriminant validity of the Norma Latina Battery in a group of Mexican individuals with AD and a group of heathy controls (HC). The Norma Latina Battery was administered to 234 Mexican participants (117 HC and 117 individuals with AD). Results show that: (1) the Norma Latina Battery has high discriminative capacity between groups in all domains; (2) participants with AD presented worse scores in each of the cognitive domains compared to the HC and a greater number of low scores in each of the established thresholds or cut-off points; and finally, (3) the Norma Latina Battery had optimal sensitivity and specificity, especially when a set was observed ≥5 scores below the 10th percentile or ≥4 scores below the 5th percentile. In conclusion, it is recommended that both clinicians and researchers use this battery in the evaluation of Mexican people with AD to better understand the prognosis of the disease and its subsequent treatment.