Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Situs Inversus Totalis y Cardiopatía congénita: Diagnóstico casual en un lactante con neumonía

El Situs Inversus Totalis es una rara entidad que se caracteriza por la imagen en espejo de las visceras toracicas y abdominales con respecto al plano sagital, cuya prevalencia se estima de 1-2/10,000 nacidos vivos, de los cuales solo el 1-10% presentan malformaciones cardiovasculares congenitas asociadas. Presentamos el caso de un lactante de sexo masculino de 11 meses de edad, que fue atendido en el ¨Hospital Materno Infantil¨ ubicado en la ciudad de Tegucigalpa, Honduras, por presentar tos seca, cianotizante no emetizante de 1 mes de evolucion, exacerbada en los ultimos 4 dias y acompanada de dificultad respiratoria con periodos de apnea, fiebre subjetivamente alta, tiraje subcostal, taquipnea y crepitos basales bilaterales. La realizacion de una radiografia de torax revelo: dextrocardia, bazo y camara gastrica lateralizados hacia la derecha e higado hacia la izquierda. Se decide realizar una ecocardiografia y un ultrasonido abdominal para verificar el hallazgo, reportando: situs inversus, dextrocardia, agenesia de la vena cava inferior, defecto interventricular de entrada (tipo canal), ductos arterioso, vasos transpuestos, bazo en cuadrante superior derecho e higado localizado en cuadrante superior izquierdo. El diagnostico de esta condicion pasa desapercibido en la mayoria de los casos, por esta razon debemos incentivar la practica de un examen fisico minucioso, evitando asi la dependencia de los hallazgos fortuitos e incidentales. Palabras Claves: Situs Inversus, Cardiopatia Congenita, Dextrocardia.
Group Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy: Motor and Functional Outcomes in Individuals with Stroke

Background Strokes frequently cause limitations of the upper extremity and in performance of activities of daily living (ADL). Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is designed to enhance the use of the hemiplegic arm. Purpose To assess the effects of group CIMT on upper-extremity motor function and performance level of motor and process skills for instrumental activities in daily living (IADL) in community-dwelling individuals whose stroke occurred at least six months earlier. Methods Eight adults with stroke participated in this study. Group-based CIMT was administered for two weeks, five times per week, with two-hour intensive daily training. Findings The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) score and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) scores improved after intervention. Implications The results of this study suggest that relatively brief group-based CIMT may be an effective intervention for improving motor function of the affected upper-limb and the level of IADL in individuals who have had stroke.
Evaluation of Hospital Waste Management in Public and Private Sector Hospitals of Faisalabad City, Pakistan

This study was conducted to evaluate the current situation, practices of segregation approaches, storage managements, collection and disposal system, awareness about hospital waste and impact on environment in Faisalabad city. This study was conducted in major hospitals of Faisalabad city which are generating massive waste. This investigation focused on different types of waste generated by hospitals in Faisalabad city. The universe of the present study was consisted on sanitary workers of the hospitals. A sample of 120 respondents selected randomly out of 350. Interview schedule was used to collect the data. Data exhibited that majority of the sanitary workers is untrained and they have no knowledge about environment protection act and hospital waste management rules. Medical Waste is not being segregated. It is suggested that sanitary worker should have trained, have batter knowledge about hospital waste management. There should be enforcement of waste management laws and Environmental protection act. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013. v2n2p161
Investigating the retailing strategies of vape-shops in the UK

The aim of this working paper is to investigate the retailing strategies of 'vape shops' in the UK. These independent stores sell electronic cigarettes and vaporizers that are battery powered nicotine delivery devices. These devices are characterised as, mystique, novel, and risky with obscure benefits. The value and innovativeness of this study involves a new, niche retail sector that is serving customers with products that are highly controversial and even banned in certain countries including Canada and Australia. The contribution to marketing academics and industry practitioners is significant since there are interesting learning outcomes from this nouveau retail sector. Vape shops in the UK have become an influential retail outlet for customers seeking a healthier nicotine fix while being a viable community business that has sifted through negative publicity and a quagmire of stories and beliefs about the benefits and hazards of vaping.
English Teachers’ Effectiveness and Students’ English Proficiency at Selected Colleges in Dili, East Timor: Input for Enhancement Programs

This research is designed to determine the relationship between English teachers’ effectiveness and students’ English proficiency at Selected Colleges in Dili, East Timor, as input for enhancement programs. The English teachers’ effectiveness consist of three aspects namely (1) English Proficiency, (2) Pedagogical Knowledge, and (3) Socio-Affective Skills. Meanwhile, the students’ English proficiency was measured in terms of the following aspects: (1) Listening, (2) Writing, (3) Reading, and (4) Speaking. The collected data is analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences whereby charts, figures and tables were used to present the findings. The overall mean for English Teachers’ Effectiveness is 3.64, interpreted as effective. This implies that English Teachers at Selected Colleges demonstrate the effectiveness required of them, but it is in Socio-Affective Skills that they are performing best. The overall mean for Student Respondents’ Level of English Proficiency is 3.85, interpreted as good. Observing closely, the mean score of speaking which is 3.51 is close to “Average” (down) because in the Range of Mean Values of 2.51 - 3.50 is Average. The results of the Pearson Correlation showed that all independent variables on English teachers’ effectiveness are correlated with the dependent variable on students’ English proficiency. The correlation coefficient values are between of ± 0.50 to ± 0.74, which means “High or Strong Relationship”. Based on a reasonable output of this study, the researcher proposed training programs to enhance the English teachers’ effectiveness and students’ English proficiency in Selected Colleges in Dili, East Timor.
Recommendations for short questions to assess food consumption in children for the NSW Health Surveys

Monitoring key food habits of children is important for planning and improving health services in New South Wales. The NSW Health Department conducts the NSW Health survey program using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI). This survey includes questions for monitoring food habits of children aged 0-16 years. In this report, we recommend survey questions to be used in the NSW Health survey for this purpose, which meet a range of criteria for good survey questions about nutrition and food habits.
Multi-sink mobile wireless sensor networks: dissemination protocols, design and evaluation

In pervasive systems, as they are getting smaller and smaller, computers can be found about everywhere, but their presence is not noticed because the technologies are often embedded within items. One of the smallest embedded computers is a wireless sensor node, which is a passive sensing device capable of communicating wirelessly with other devices. A wireless sensor network is typically composed of many tiny sensor nodes, often no bigger than a credit card. Applications of sensor networks have emerged in many domains ranging from environmental monitoring to industry manufacturing. Typically, in a wireless sensor network, sensor nodes generate data about a phenomenon and relay streams of data to a more resource rich device, namely a data sink, for processing. Early sensor networks have been modeled as having a single, predefined, stationary sink. In recent years there has been renewal of interest in using multiple sinks to achieve power saving. The improvements of stationary wireless sensor networks in conjunction with the advances developed by the distributed robotics and low power embedded systems communities have led to a new class of Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks that can be utilized for a wide range of scenarios such as vehicular applications and emergency response, which require reliable and timely collection of data. Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks are similar to their stationary counterparts, thus are governed by the same energy and processing limitations, but require the development of a new generation of algorithms targeting at constantly changing network topologies due to sink and/or sensor mobility. This thesis focuses on the efficient data extraction and dissemination in multi-sink wireless sensor networks by handling mobility of sensors and sinks. We start with analyzing the characteristics of multi-sink sensor networks. We propose a set of algorithms that enable multi-sink sensor network to self-organize efficiently in the presence of mobility and adapt to dynamics in order to increase the functionality of the network. Our contributions include an algorithm for load balancing in multi-sink sensor networks, a protocol for query dissemination towards an area of interest combined with methods that are used to handle mobility efficiently in a tree-based routing, and a data dissemination protocol that tackles sink mobility in a sensor network.
Forced Migration and Mental Health: Rethinking the Care of Refugees and Displaced Persons

In 1964, Caplan coined the phrase ‘the law of the instrument’, referring to the idea that if the only tool one has in one’s toolbox is a hammer, everything begins to look like a nail in need of hammering. The law of the instrument aptly describes the overarching response of the mental health community to the perceived needs of political refugees during the past 25 years. The massive displacement of civilian populations from Southeast and Central Asia, as well as Latin America, in the 1980s, coincided with the official designation of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in the DSM III as the universal response to traumatic stress. Reflecting psychiatry’s belief in the universal validity of Western psychiatric diagnoses, it was taken for granted that PTSD captured a universal human response to overwhelming traumatic stress, with cultural influences playing a minimal role in shaping post-traumatic stress responses. Perhaps even more importantly, given the horrific violence to which many refugees had been exposed in their homeland, a second assumption was that PTSD was not only a cross-culturally valid diagnosis, but was also the most important mental health issue facing refugees. Indeed, neither the universal validity, nor the clinical primacy of PTSD, had been empirically established in studies of refugees, at the very time that these assumptions were gaining widespread support among mental health professionals, and increasingly coming to influence approaches to policy and intervention with refugees. More recently, however, studies have found that, while elements of PTSD are found across cultural contexts, culturally specific idioms of distress are often more salient within specific refugee populations. Moreover, it turns out that a range of other mental health concerns, such as depression, social isolation, family conflict, and substance abuse, are generally of greater concern to refugees (and more powerfully linked to functional impairment) than PTSD. Yet, these findings have not significantly altered research or practice with refugees: the few instruments in our toolkit, a narrow focus on assessing symptoms of PTSD, and the provision of psychotherapy and psychiatric medication to ameliorate those symptoms, continue to dominate the mental health community’s response to psychological distress within refugee populations. Global Public Health, October 2008; 3(4): 451 454
Using self-efficacy to assess the readiness of nursing educators and students for mobile learning

The purpose of this study was to assess the self-efficacy of nursing faculty and students related to their potential use of mobile technology and to ask what implications this technology has for their teaching and learning in practice education contexts. We used a cross-sectional survey design involving students and faculty in two nursing education programs in a western Canadian college. In January, 2011, 121 faculty members and students completed the survey. Results showed a high level of ownership and use of mobile devices among our respondents. The median mobile self-efficacy score was 75 on a scale of 100, indicating that both faculty and students were highly confident in their use of mobile technologies and prepared to engage in mobile learning.
Association between Lung Cancer/Multiple Myeloma Mortality and Exposure to Oncogenic Viruses- Statistical Analysis Using Non-model and Model-based Statistical Methods and Various Control Sampling Schemes for Cancer Mortality in Occupational Cohorts

Ndetan, Harrison Tatandam, M.Sc., MPH. Association between Lung Cancer/Multiple Myeloma Mortality and Exposure to Oncogenic Viruses – Statistical Analysis Using Non-modeland Model-based Statistical Methods and Various Control Sampling Schemes for Cancer Mortality in Occupational Cohorts. Doctor of Public Health (Biostatistics), December 2009; 119 pp., 9 tables, 7 appendices, 38 titles. This study was designed to compare non-modeland modelbased statistical techniques typically applied in cohort mortality analyses, and various schemes for selecting controls in nested case-control studies to document risk for lung cancer and multiple myeloma mortality, among workers in poultry slaughtering/processing plants. These workers are conceived to have a high exposure to oncogenic viruses compared to the general public. Data from the ongoing Cancer Risk in Workers Exposed to Oncogenic Viruses (CRIWETOV) project for members in a local Union Pension Fund belonging to the United Food &Commercial Workers (UFCW) international union, and followed–up for mortality from January 1, 1972 to December 31, 2003 were used for analyses. This cohort comprised of two large groups: poultry slaughtering/processing and non-poultry workers. The statistical methods applied were direct and indirect standardizations, Poisson, Cox proportional hazards, and binary/multiple logistic regression models and the sampling schemes for selecting controls were the cumulative survival, cumulative incidence, case-cohort, and incidence density sampling schemes. The entire cohort and sub groups of poultry and non-poultry separately had higher risks of mortality from both malignant diseases (statistically significant for lung cancer) compared to the United States’ general population, but slightly lower (statistically not significant) risks among poultry compared to non-poultry workers. Results of comparative effect measures from the various statistical methods under consideration were similar with a very slight difference in variability/precision within the cohort analyses. The effect measures were also similar for nested case-control analyses that applied the cumulative survival, cumulative incidence and case-base sampling schemes in selecting controls. However, the incidence density sampling scheme led to markedly different results (both in magnitude and statistical significance), that were more profound with the Cox regression model. Where the Cox model was not appropriate the interval Poisson (exponential) model was used and predictions were similar to those obtained using other methods. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LUNG CANCER/MULTIPLE MYELOMA MORTALITY AND EXPOSURE TO ONCOGENIC VIRUSES – STATISTICAL ANALYSES USING NON-MODELAND MODEL-BASED STATISTICAL METHODS AND VARIOUS CONTROL SAMPLING SCHEMES FOR CANCER MORTALITY IN OCCUPATIONAL COHORTS Harrison Tatandam Ndetan, M.Sc., MPH
An evaluation of 99mTc-MIBI imaging of Kaposi's Sarcoma in AIDS patients

The purpose of this study was to evaluate 99mTc- methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) imaging, in terms of sensitivity and specificity, for non invasively detecting extracutaneous involvement of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and for differentiating pulmonary infection from malignancy in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients before and after treatment. Current investigations are invasive.
Optimisation of an analytical method for the analysis of folic acid derivatives in biological materials.

Folic acid is a water-soluble, B-complex vitamin influencing a number of biological processes in humans and particularly important in the prevention of neural tube defects (associated with spinal bifida) in unborn children. Reliable analytical methods are therefore needed for quantisation of the amount of total folic acid (FA) in biological materials of quality assurance and regulatory purposes. What is particularly needed are rapid and reliable methods for ensuring that the correct amount of FA is consumed and the degradation rates of these compound is kept at minimum during the extraction process. Analytical methods for determination of folic acid in biological materials have been around for decades and the most common procedures include microbiological assay; biomolecular interaction analysis (BIA); immunoassay; conventional chromatographic procedure such as thin-layer column chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These procedures were replaced by HPLC, which is more rapid and in many instances yields a better resolution. Current HPLC methods uses C-18 column and reverse phase conditions in combination with ion-pair or ion suppression techniques; fluorescence or electrochemical detector, unfortunately, excitation and emission of folic acid is found not sufficiently to allow physiological levels of the form of the vitamin to be detected. In addition, ion-pair reagent nullifies the mobile phase and interferes with the absorption! fluoresce spectrum resulting in poor separation. Therefore this study was carried out to address and improve the problems that are in the existing HPLC methods. Currently scarce information is available on the determination of folic acid in biological materials by HPLC with UV detection. Serum samples were spiked with folic acid standard to check the efficiency of the method. Other wavelengths from 200 nm to 300 nm were attempted for detection of folic acid, in
Phase III Randomized Trial Comparing Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel (AC→T) with Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel and Trastuzumab (AC→TH) with Docetaxel, Carboplatin and Trastuzumab (TCH) in Her2neu Positive Early Breast Cancer Patients: BCIRG 006 Study.

Background: Evaluation of the long-term benefit of biologically-based regimens of trastuzumab in the early breast cancer population, and optimization of trastuzumab integration to maximize efficacy and minimize cardiac toxicity. Material and Methods: We randomized HER2-positive (FISH+) breast cancer patients with axillary lymph node positive or high risk negative, to either standard AC (60/600 mg/m 2 q3wk x4) followed by T (100 mg/m 2 q3wk x 4) or two trastuzumab-containing regimens; AC followed by T with trastuzumab x 1 year or TCarbo (75 mg/m 2 /AUC6 q3wk x 6) with trastuzumab x 1 year. Patients were prospectively stratified by number of positive nodes (0, 1-3 vs 4+) and hormone receptor status. Patients with ER and/or PR positive (HR+) tumors received hormone-directed therapy for 5 yrs after chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS) with 80% power (0.05 significance level) to detect an absolute difference of 7%. Secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS) and safety, including cardiac toxicity (symptomatic events and asymptomatic LVEF decline). The first two protocol-specified analyses for this study were performed at 300 and 450 disease-related events. We now report the results of the third protocol-specified analysis conducted after 650 events, expected by end of June 2009. Results: A total of 3222 patients (1072 in AC-T, 1076 in AC-TH and 1074 in TCH) were recruited between April 2001 and March 2004. Baseline characteristics of the study population will be included. Cox analysis of DFS and OS (unadjusted and adjusted for nodal status) and cardiac toxicity data will be presented for the three treatment arms. Discussion: The results of this trial help define the role of trastuzumab in the breast cancer HER2-positive adjuvant setting, as well as the risks/benefits of adjuvant trastuzumab within the context of overall safety including cardiac toxicity. This latter objective is of particular importance given that many of these women may be cured of their disease in the adjuvant setting. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 62.
Digital radiography: a focus on clinical utility

This book is interesting and timely in that it covers the new and exciting area of digital radiography. The book begins with chapters on the physics, instrumentation, and terminology of digital radiography. Then cost-benefit ratios, legal implication, and outpatient vs. inpatient studies are discussed. The clinical chapters follow. These are applicable to the head and neck, heart, lungs, kidneys, peripheral arteries, and pediatric population. Discussion then centers on intraarterial digital subtraction, clinical experience at Wisconsin, nonangiography application of digital radiology in children, and analog film-screen subtraction intravenous angiography. The book ends by briefly discussing microwave imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance, emission tomography, real-time and Doppler sonography, analog tomography, and the future photoelectric radiology department.