Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Remating in Anastrepha sp.1 aff. fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae): An Analysis Using rose Mutation

The propensity of females to cross with more than one male is a relevant aspect in tephritid fruit fly biology since many species are pests of fruticulture. The knowledge about mating systems of a target pest-species is crucial for defining efficient strategies for insect population control, e.g., for the sterile insect technique (SIT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the propensy to remate of the tephritid Anastrepha sp.1 aff. fraterculus females. For this purpose it was used an autosomic recessive mutation, rose, that affects eye-color, in two designed experimental systems: one in which wild-type and rose males were sequentially offered to cross with rose females and another one in which the rose females had to choose to cross with a wild-type, to a rose male or to both (remate). By simple analyses of the progeny phenotypes it was possible to recognize whether the females had remated or not. About a third of the females produced mixed progenies with wild-type and rose individuals, thereby indicating remating during the week the experiment lasted. Data indicated that remating rate was higher than previously reported for this species, and it could be shown that the sperms derived from the different males the females had crossed had been used in egg fertilization.
Transformations syntaxiques pour une aide à l’apprentissage de la lecture : typologie, adéquation et corpus adaptés

Dans cet article, nous présentons une typologie de transformations syntaxiques permettant une adaptation des contenus textuels à destination d’enfants faibles lecteurs et dyslexiques. Pour arriver à cette proposition, nous avons analysé des textes parallèles originaux et adaptés. Nous avons aussi appliqué des transformations lexicales, morpho-syntaxiques et discursives à des corpus habituellement lus entre CE1 et CM1 que nous avons soumis à des enfants dans ces classes, tous profils confondus. Sur la base de ces deux études, nous avons défini une typologie de transformations syntaxiques, avec des informations supprimées, conservées ou ajoutées, qui pourra servir de guide pour adapter des textes et faciliter l’apprentissage de la lecture dans des cas d’enfants en difficulté.
DEFT 2020 : détection de similarité entre phrases et extraction d’information (DEFT 2020 : sentence similarity detection and information retrieval )

Ce papier decrit la participation de Reezocar a la campagne d’evaluation DEFT 2020. Cette seizieme edition du challenge a porte sur le calcul de similarite entre phrases et l’extraction d’information fine autour d’une douzaine de categories dans des textes rediges en Francais. Le challenge propose trois tâches : (i) la premiere concerne l’identification du degre de similarite entre paires de phrases ; (ii) la deuxieme concerne l’identification des phrases paralleles possibles pour une phrase source et (iii) la troisieme concerne l’extraction d’information. Nous avons utilise des methodes d’apprentissage automatique pour effectuer ces tâches et avons obtenu des resultats satisfaisants sur l’ensemble des tâches.
Much can change in a year: the Massawan mantis shrimp, Erugosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880) in Sicily, Italy

A flourishing population of the Massawan mantis shrimp, Erugosquilla massavensis , an Erythraean species, is recorded off Sicily, Italy, one year after the very first specimen was collected off the eastern coast of the island. The species is already established as a minor, albeit valuable, fishery resource. Once its population increases, however, it may compete with the native Mediterranean spot-tail mantis shrimp, Squilla mantis . This article presents the results of a joint effort between members of the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale of Comiso and local fishermen to monitor non-indigenous species in Sicilian waters.
“Genetic structure and sodium channel gene mutation analysis related to pyrethroid insecticide toxicity in sylvatic Andean Triatoma infestans from Bolivia”

BACKGROUND Sylvatic populations of Triatoma infestans represent a challenge for vector control as these populations are not targeted by control activities and could play a key role in post-spraying house re-infestation. Improved understanding of sylvatic foci, population distribution, dispersion patterns, gene flow between sylvatic and domestic populations, as well as characterization of insecticide resistance profiles, is crucial to optimize vector control interventions. METHODS We analyzed the genetic relationship of five Andean populations from Bolivia from localities with distinct insecticide susceptibility profiles (sylvatic: 20 de Octubre, Illicuni, Kirus Mayu and Mataral and one domestic from Mataral). Individual multilocus genotypes based on 8 microsatellites and the DNA sequence of a fragment of the cytochrome B (cytB) gene were obtained for 92 individuals. We compared the cytB haplotypes with previously reported Andean T. infestans haplotypes and evaluated the directionality and possibly history of gene flow among populations. Each specimen was screened for 2 nucleotide mutations (L1014 and L9251) of the sodium channel gene (kdr), described for T. infestans and related to pyrethroid resistance. RESULTS Significant genetic differentiation was observed among all populations, reflecting current genetic isolation among them. However, individuals of admixed origin were detected in four populations, especially between the sylvatic and domestic populations from Mataral. Historical analysis of gene flow suggests that insecticide resistance is conferred by ancient trait(s) in T. infestans sylvatic populations that are capable of invading domiciles. The kdr mutation L1014 was identified in one individual from Mataral, while the L9251 mutation was not detected in any population. The low frequency of kdr mutations in these populations suggests this mechanism is unlikely to be the primary cause of the observed altered insecticide susceptibility. However, the resistance conferring mutation is present in the area and with the potential to be selected under insecticidal pressure. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the need for stronger entomological surveillance in the region, including early detection of house invasion, particularly post-spraying, monitoring for resistance to pyrethroids and the design of integrative control actions that consider both sylvatic foci around domestic settings as well as the bug dispersion dynamics.
Prediction of the structural and electronic properties of Mo x Ti1−x S2 monolayers via first principle simulations

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides have gained great attention because of their peculiar physical properties that make them interesting for a wide range of applications. Lately, alloying between different transition metal dichalcogenides has been proposed as an approach to control two-dimensional phase stability and to obtain compounds with tailored characteristics. In this theoretical study, we predict the phase diagram and the electronic properties of Mo x Ti1−x S2 at varying stoichiometry and show how the material is metallic, when titanium is the predominant species, while it behaves as a p-doped semiconductor, when approaching pure MoS2 composition. Correspondingly, the thermodynamically most stable phase switches from the tetragonal to the hexagonal one. Further, we present an example which shows how the proposed alloys can be used to obtain new vertical two-dimensional heterostructures achieving effective electron/hole separation.
A decision system for computational authors profiling: From machine learning to deep learning

In this study, we tackle the problem of author profiling. The aim of the proposed approach is to determine the author's age and gender. Once the user connects to the company website, this company collects the available data about him (which is usually very limited). Then, the user receives a service recommendation according to his gender and age. Thus, a context‐specific decision‐making system based on these limited data is required to produce an efficient classification. Such a decision system allows companies to promote their marketing. To obtain the best categorization, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques have been applied in the literature. In this article, we apply both classical ML techniques and recently developed DL techniques. More precisely, we adopt the gated recurrent unit model. Our experiments show that our findings are positively comparable with the best state‐of‐the‐art methods.
On Designing a Lesser Obtrusive Authentication Protocol to Prevent Machine-Learning-Based Threats in Internet of Things

In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), people access many applications through smartphones for controlling smart devices. Therefore, such a centralized node must follow a robust access control mechanism so that an intruder cannot control the connected devices. Recent reports suggest that password can be used as an authentication factor for accessing the smart setups. However, this static information can be compromised under the light of different machine learning (ML)-empowered attack mechanisms. Alarmingly, different sensors used in the IoT setup can also expose this static information to the adversaries. Password-based authentication that uses a challenge–response strategy is an effective solution for handling such threat scenarios. In this article, at first, we show that no existing usable challenge–response protocol is safe to be used in the public area network. Following this, we propose a challenge–response protocol that is more secure to use in the public domain. By using eight classifiers, we show that a learning-based threat specific to our protocol has a marginal impact on the method’s security standard. The discussion in this article also suggests that the proposed protocol has usability and security advantages compared to the existing state of the art (e.g., reduces the number of interactions between the user and verifier by a factor of 0.5).
In-Band Scattering Control of Ultra-Wideband Tightly Coupled Dipole Arrays Based on Polarization-Selective Metamaterial Absorber

With the polarization-selective metamaterial absorber (PSMA), a unique approach for reducing the in-band radar cross section (RCS) while preserving the radiation performance of a tightly coupled dipole array (TCDA) is proposed. The proposed PSMA structure is comprised of resistive films, dielectric layers, and polarization gates. In detail, the resistive films are loaded on the surface of a TCDA, and the polarization gates are utilized to broaden the absorption bandwidth of PSMA as well as to improve the polarization purity of the array. Moreover, the process of the co-design of the phased array with PSMA is presented. The designed infinite array is able to achieve a 3:1 bandwidth from 6 to 18 GHz with the active VSWR < 2.7 for the scan up to 60° in E-/H-plane. To verify the proposed approach, a $10 \times 10$ single-polarized prototype array is fabricated and measured. Measured results are in good agreement with simulated ones, thus demonstrating that the PSMA structure is able to reduce the scattering significantly throughout the operating band of the array under normal and oblique incidence.
IRS-Based TDD Reciprocity Breaking for Pilot Decontamination in Massive MIMO

In this letter, we propose a novel way to mitigate the notorious pilot contamination in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems by exploiting the intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). Particularly, we intentionally break the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) channel reciprocity in time-division duplexing (TDD) systems by configuring the phases of the IRSs differently during the UL training phase and the DL data transmission phase. In this way, we show that the pilot contamination is mitigated and can be eliminated in some cases. Meanwhile, we analyze the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) performance due to the non-reciprocal UL and DL channels. We further show the asymptotic optimality of our proposed decontamination scheme. The analytical results are also corroborated by numerical simulations.
Organic spintronic devices utilizing spin-injection, spin-tunneling and spin-dependent transport

Spintronics, also known as spin electronics, or magnetoelectronics, refers to the study of the role that electron and (less frequently) nuclear spins play in solid state physics, and a group of devices that specifically exploit both the intrinsic spin of the electron and its associated magnetic moment, in addition to its fundamental electronic charge. As a principal type of spintronic device, a spin-valve is a device that uses ferromagnetic electrodes to polarize and analyze the electronic spins. The electrical resistance of the device depends sensitively on the relative magnetization of its two ferromagnetic electrodes, a phenomenon referred to as Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR). Having been successfully applied in the field of data storage, GMR also shows potential for future logic devices. Organic semiconductors possess many advantages in electronic device applications. Therefore, using organic semiconductors in spintronics is very interesting and promising, in part, because of their exceptionally long spin-decoherence times. This thesis concerns itself with the scientific study of magnetic field and spin effects in organic spin valves (OSV) and organic light emitting diodes (OLED). Three projects were finished, achieving a better understanding of the transportation of charge and spin carriers inside organic films, and paving the way to enhancing the spin diffusion length and the organic magnetoresistance (OMAR) effect. Firstly, C60 films were used as the spin-transport layer of OSV devices, because of its low hyperfine coupling and high mobility, which prior work suggested to be beneficial. Subsequently we studied the spin injection and transport properties by measuring the devices’ magnetoresistance (MR) response at various biasing voltages, V, temperatures, T and different C60 film thickness. But we do not observe a significantly increased spindiffusion length compared to OSV devices based on other organic semiconductors. We propose conductivity mismatch as a likely cause of the loss of spin-valve signal with increasing C60 layer thickness.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Discovery and Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) Marker Development with Korean Japonica Rice Varieties

Genome resequencing by next-generation sequencing technology can reveal numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within a closely-related cultivar group, which would enable the development of sufficient SNP markers for mapping and the identification of useful genes present in the cultivar group. We analyzed genome sequence data from 13 Korean japonica rice varieties and discovered 740,566 SNPs. The SNPs were distributed at 100-kbp intervals throughout the rice genome, although the SNP density was uneven among the chromosomes. Of the 740,566 SNPs, 1,014 SNP sites were selected on the basis of polymorphism information content (PIC) value higher than 0.4 per 200-kbp interval, and 506 of these SNPs were converted to Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers. The 506 KASP markers were tested for genotyping with the 13 sequenced Korean japonica rice varieties, and polymorphisms were detected in 400 KASP markers (79.1%) which would be suitable for genetic analysis and molecular breeding. Additionally, a genetic map comprising 205 KASP markers was successfully constructed with 188 F2 progenies derived from a cross between the varieties, Junam and Nampyeong. In a phylogenetic analysis with 81 KASP markers, 13 Korean japonica varieties showed close genetic relationships and were divided into three groups. More KASP markers are being developed and these markers will be utilized in gene mapping, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, marker-assisted selection and other strategies relevant to crop improvement.
A Twitter-Lived Red Tide Crisis on Chiloé Island, Chile: What Can Be Obtained for Social-Ecological Research through Social Media Analysis?

Considering traditional research on social-ecological crises, new social media analysis, particularly Twitter data, contributes with supplementary exploration techniques. In this article, we argue that a social media approach to social-ecological crises can offer an actor-centered meaningful perspective on social facts, a depiction of the general dynamics of meaning making that takes place among actors, and a systemic view of actors’ communication before, during and after the crisis. On the basis of a multi-technique approach to Twitter data (TF-IDF, hierarchical clustering, egocentric networks and principal component analysis) applied to a red tide crisis on Chiloé Island, Chile, in 2016, the most significant red tide in South America ever, we offer a view on the boundaries and dynamics of meaning making in a social-ecological crisis. We conclude that this dynamics shows a permanent reflexive work on elucidating the causes and effects of the crisis that develops according to actors’ commitments, the sequence of events, and political conveniences. In this vein, social media analysis does not replace good qualitative research, it rather opens up supplementary possibilities for capturing meanings from the past that cannot be retrieved otherwise. This is particularly relevant for studying social-ecological crises and supporting collective learning processes that point towards increased resilience capacities and more sustainable trajectories in affected communities.
Group I p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are largely dispensable for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in mouse skeletal muscle

Glucose transport into skeletal muscle is essential for maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis and accounts for the majority of glucose disposal in response to insulin. The group I p21-activated kinase (PAK) isoforms PAK1 and PAK2 have been shown to be activated in response to insulin in skeletal muscle. Moreover, PAK1/2 signalling is impaired in insulin-resistant mouse and human skeletal muscle and PAK1 has been suggested to be required for insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. However, the relative contribution of PAK1 and PAK2 to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in mature skeletal muscle is unresolved. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the requirement for PAK1 and PAK2 in whole-body glucose homeostasis and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Glucose uptake was measured in isolated skeletal muscle incubated with a pharmacological inhibitor (IPA-3) of group I PAKs and in muscle from whole-body PAK1 knockout (KO), muscle-specific PAK2 (m)KO and double whole-body PAK1 and muscle-specific PAK2 knockout mice. The whole-body respiratory exchange ratio, indicative of substrate utilization, was largely unaffected by lack of PAK1 and/or PAK2. Whole-body glucose tolerance was mildly impaired in PAK2 mKO, but not PAK1 KO mice. In contrast to a previous study of GLUT4 translocation in PAK1 KO mice, PAK1 KO muscles displayed normal insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in vivo and in isolated muscle. On the contrary, glucose uptake was slightly reduced (-12-18%) in response to insulin in glycolytic extensor digitorum longus muscle lacking PAK2. In conclusion, group I PAKs are largely dispensable for the regulation of whole-body glucose homeostasis and skeletal muscle glucose uptake. Thus, the present study challenges that group I PAKs, and especially PAK1, are necessary regulators of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.
Tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-based metal(II) complexes as therapeutic agents: DNA interaction, targeting topoisomerase I and cyclin-dependent kinase studies

Abstract A series of mononuclear nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of the type [ML1‒3Cl2] (1–9) have been synthesized and characterized. All the complexes interact with CT–DNA through groove mode of binding and bring about prominent nuclease activity on plasmid DNA. The complexes strongly inhibit the topoisomerase I, and also strongly interact with cyclin-dependent kinase receptor. The cytotoxicity activity were assessed aganist three human cancer cell lines such as lung (A549), cervical (HeLa) and colon (HCT–15), in which the complex 5 shows highest activity against the colon (HCT-15) cancer cell. The apoptotic studies were also reported.
Metastatic Bone Marrow Involvement in Solid Tumors: Correlation with Clinical, Hematological and Radiological Profile

The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of bone marrow (BM) involvement of various solid tumors and their correlation with clinical, radiological and hematological findings and their response to treatment.It is a retrospective analysis conducted to assess involvement of BM by solid malignancies, at tertiary centre of India from January 2009 to June 2017. Total 200 patients with met the inclusion criteria for the study group. Data was analyzed regarding epidemiological characteristic, clinical presentations, the pattern of BM involvement in various solid tumors and their correlation with clinical, radiological and hematological findings and their response to treatment. Results: Out of 200 patients, 61% were males, 39% were females, 38% were pediatric and 6.5% were elderly. Most common presenting features were pallor, bony pain and low backache. Most common cancers involving BM were neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma and breast cancer. The median overall survival was 6 months (1 to 13 months)
Antagonistic torsion spiral springs variable stiffness actuator - ATOSS VSA

This paper presents the design and construction of an unprecedented, controllable stiffness, elastic series actuator, using two flat spiral torsion springs. This actuator has some advantages compared to elastic series actuators with fixedspring rigidity, which either have little rigidity, and end up deforming undesirably, or have a lot of rigidity and end up damaging themselves and the environment around them. The proposed solution aims to maintain the functionality of protecting the robot and its surroundings, absorbing any unexpected impact that may happen during this interaction. Compliance, combined with intelligent control systems capable of dealing with dynamic environments, has the potential of allowing the development of more versatile robots, as compliant actuators can be under-actuated and embedded computer systems tend to increase in capacity and reduce in cost. The research goes from computer-aided mechanical design, mathematical modeling of a spring and design of components that fit certain force and size constraints, to testing a new actuator under different working conditions. At the end of the research, the first prototype of the actuator with manual stiffness control was built.