Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power Gating and Supply Control for Low Standby Leakage Power of VLSI Circuits

Gate leakage and subthreshold leakage currents are two main components that determine standby power consumption of nanometer-scale CMOS circuits. Supply control and combined power gating and supply control are proposed to suppress both components of leakage current. Significant leakage reduction in 45-nm predictive technology model is observed with a set of benchmark circuits. Circuit techniques for designing the proposed schemes are explained.
Uncertainty in Asset Correlation Estimates and Its Impact on Credit Portfolio Risk Measures

Credit portfolio models rely on estimated and calibrated parameters, such as default and rating migration probabilities, recovery rates, and asset correlations. Users of these models must understand how various errors in the parameter estimates impact model outputs, for example Unexpected Loss (UL) or Economic Capital (EC). Asset correlations estimated using asset return time series are subject to inherent uncertainty — statistical errors — arising due to a limited length of the time series. The main question this paper addresses is how these errors translate into statistical errors in the estimated UL and EC. We illustrate several properties of the errors using an analytical method. As expected, longer time series lead to lower errors in UL and EC. Increasing the number of exposures in a portfolio, however, can reduce the errors in UL and EC only to a certain degree. We also conduct simulation studies quantifying the impact of statistical errors in correlation estimates on UL and EC for realistic portfolios. Our studies focus on three types of correlation models — a pairwise structure free model, a single-factor model, and a multi-factor model similar to Moody’s Analytics Global Correlation Corporate Model (GCorr Corporate). Authors Jimmy Huang Libor Pospisil Acknowledgements We would like to thank Amnon Levy and Christopher Crossen for their comments. Contact Us Americas +1.212. 553.1658 clientservices@moodys.com Europe +44.20. 7772.5454 clientservices.emea@moodys.com Asia (Excluding Japan) +85 2 2916 1121 clientservices.asia@moodys.com Japan +81 3 5408 4100 clientservices.japan@moodys.com JANUARY 2018
The Personality of Students Studying the Social Etiquette and Personality Development Course by Myers Briggs Type Indicators ( MBTI ) Theory

This study aimed to 1) investigate the personality of students according to the MyersBriggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality classifications, and 2) compare the personality patterns of students classified by the entrance examination channels and domiciles. The subjects in this study comprised eighty-five students taking the social etiquette and personality development course in class A1, during the first academic semester of 2014. The psychological personality test, (MBTI) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, was used as a research tool and was provided through the Human metrics Jung Typology TestTM Instrument website. The data analysis was conducted in terms of percentage and frequency of distributions. The findings revealed that twelve patterns of students’ personality were found from all sixteen patterns. These patterns were divided into seven revealed personality patterns consisting of ESFP, ESTP, ESTJ, ESFJ, ENFP, ENFJ and ENTJ, and five concealed personality patterns consisting of ISTJ, ISFJ, INFJ, INTJ and INFP. The most prevalent revealed personality was ESFJ, followed by ENFJ, while the most prevalent concealed personality was INFJ. With reference to a comparison between the personality traits and the entrance examination channels, the students who passed with the Admission were more than those who took the entrance examination. The equally represented revealed personality patterns were found in both groups. In relation to a comparison between the personality traits and the domicile, most students were from the northeastern region of Thailand. The revealed personality patterns were found in every region, except the southern and the eastern regions. In conclusion, the results of this study can be used for the students’ personal and social development in order that they can be the people with the right personality according to their profession.
A new method based on complex EMD for motion artifacts reduction in PPG signals for pulse oximeter application

A method based on complex empirical mode decomposition (CEMD) is presented for reduction of motion artifacts (MA) in photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals for pulse oximeter applications. The Pulse oximeter is used in the intensive care units (ICU) for continuous monitoring of pulse rate and arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). Reliability of SpO2 estimations by pulse oximeters will be affected by the frequently encountered MAs. A prototype analog front-end is developed to record intended experimental test data from volunteers. PPGs are acquired with intentionally created MAs (Horizontal motion of finger, Vertical motion of finger and Bending of finger). Experimental results demonstrated the efficacy of CEMD method in restoring PPG morphology and its performance is evaluated by computing the statistical and quality measures indicating the signal reconstruction. Further, the CEMD processed PPGs resulted in stable SpO2 estimation readings for making it suitable for pulse oximeter application.
Y-Chromosome Haplotype Origins via Biogeographical

Current Y-chromosome migration maps only cover the broadest-brush strokes of the highest-level haplogroups. Existing methods generalize geographic patterns based on large population genetic frequency and diversity. New tools are required to illuminate our nomadic, stationary and genealogical histories. Biogeographical Multilateration (BGM) illustrates directional flow as well as chronological and physical origins at the individual
Molecular cloning and expression analysis of FTZ-F 1 in the GIFT tilapia , Oreochromis niloticus

The FTZ-F1 genes encode orphan receptors of the nuclear receptor superfamily and in mammals have been found to play important roles in the proper development of the adrenal-gonadal axis and sex-determination. We isolated the homologue of FTZ-F1 in genetically improved farmed tilapia (gfFTZ-F1). The full-length cDNA was isolated from the ovary, which included an open reading frame encoding a predicted protein of 486 amino acids. Sequence, tissue distribution and phylogenic analysis of the FTZ-F1 showed that the gfFTZ-F1 belonged to SF-1/Ad4BP group and that gfFTZ-F1 transcripts were only expressed in the gonads and kidney but not in other tissues. Likewise our data suggests that the gfFTZ-F1 gene may share similar functions with other fish and mammalian counterparts, though further study is needed to make any definitive conclusions.
: Least Squares Bandwidth Allocation Scheme for 4 G Heterogeneous Networks

Performance capture is where computer vision techniques are applied to extract information regarding a performer’s body movements and gestures which are then mapped to a synthetic actor. In this paper, a system for controlling a simple virtual puppet using consumergrade webcams to capture the performance of an untrained puppeteer’s hand. The system operates in real-time by first identifying the user’s hand based on a skin color mask, tracking the hand’s position using flocks of KLT features, and identifying gestures through a machine learning process. The system does not require any markers on the user’s hand.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE GAS PRODUCTION BEHAVIOR OF NATURAL GAS HYDRATES IN POROUS SEDIMENTS

Hydrates are very important compounds due to their capacity to store large volumes of gases, and have attracted attention from both industry and academia as a potential natural gas resource. In order to investigate the hydrate dissociation behavior and gas/water production performance in porous sediments, the progress of laboratory-scale hydrate decomposition by depressurization was conducted with numerical investigation of an axisymmetric model. In the simulations, the conductive and convective heat transfer, kinetics of hydrate decomposition, and multiphase flow were considered. The model governing equations were discretized using the finite difference method and were solved with the fully implicit simultaneous solution method. The model can be used to analyze the effects of several factors on the hydrate dissociation, including initial gas/water saturation, outlet pressure, surrounding temperature, and permeability reduction index. For the time evolutions of gas and water generations during hydrate dissociation are evaluated, and variations of temperature/pressure, and multiphase fluid flow conditions are analyzed. Simulation results also indicate that the initial water saturation has an optimum value for increasing hydrate dissociation and the value is approach to the effective residual water saturation.
Non-destructive Ageing State Determination of Solid Rocket Motors Charges

Solid rocket motor propulsion is used for missiles, spacecrafts, space launch vehicles and gas-generators whenever high thrust, impulse and/or energy are needed in combination with a compact volume, high reliability and instantaneous readiness over a long service life. Solid rocket motors propellant charges for missiles are designed to withstand significant thermal and mechanical loads. Structural failure mo des related to the charge are almost invariably catastrophic due to the large energy rel eased by propellant combustion. Unfortunately, solid rocket motors have a finite li fe: propellant ageing due to chemical effects or mechanical damage limits their useful li fe. The complexity and hazard related to replacing the solid rocket motor, together with the cost of the motor itself, makes it a key factor in the life-cycle cost of tactical and strat egic missiles. Motor ageing is driven by usage: chemical ageing oc curs faster at higher temperature, mechanical damage depends on real load exposure. As a re ult, the condition of individual motors in the stockpile can be very different. In-service surveillance procedures during service l f involve expensive destructive tests on a small number of motors. Extending few results to the entire missile stockpile involves the use of safety factors. In many cases, assets are dispos ed prematurely. Consequently, high-performance missiles procurement and maintenance involves a high yearly life-cycle cost because motors are disposed or replaced prematurely. This paper shows the feasibility of a new-non-destr uctive ageing state determination test for solid propellant charges, the first of its kind for this application. The method relies on stress and temperature sensors embedded in the propellant charge. It allows measuring the ageing state of the propellant charge, determining its saf e remaining life, and measuring life consumption after a period of time during life. The economic and operational benefits for users see m significant.
A study on outdoor environment and climate change effects in Madagascar

The warming of the planet is a big threat to humanity. The consequences vary depending on the geographical position of each country. Anthropogenic activities continue to emit potential greenhouse gases (GHG) into the atmosphere leading to a warmer climate. According to the World Meteorological Organization, Madagascar Island is one of the world’s most vulnerable regions on earth. This research aims to study the variation in outdoor climate in some regions of Madagascar and also to assess the global warming impact on energy demands in 16 regions in Madagascar. A meticulous analysis of the current pressure of environment on human health has been completed. Several general circulation models (GCMs) (BCCRBCM2, INMCM-30, NCARPCM1) have been combined with several scenarios (A2 and A1B) to screen the Climate Change outside, as also to assess the state of comfort in the surrounding environment. Finally, we have used the General Circulation Model (INCM3) combined with scenario A2 for forecasting. The results show that an average increase of 0.6°C will be observed after 25 years in all regions of Madagascar. The heating degree will see an increase of 7% per decade in the cities nearest the sea. Between June and September, the energy demand is very low, but from October, this energy demand increases very fast, to reach up to 4.8KJ/Kg in December. In humid tropical climate regions, it has been found that the environment will be more uncomfortable, because the humidex value will increase up to 40 in the next decade.
Mapping the Spatial Influence of Crime Correlates: A Comparison of Operationalization Schemes and Implications for Crime Analysis and Criminal Justice Practice

Decades of criminological research have identified a variety of independent variables that correlate significantly with particular crime outcomes. Less is understood about how these correlates, or factors, of crime can be operationalized to maps in ways that best represent their spatial influences on the emergence of nearby crime events. A geographic information system (GIS) enables the exploration of spatial influence, which refers to the way in which features of a landscape affect places throughout the landscape. For example, empirical knowledge that bars correlate with locations of violent crimes can be mapped in several ways to show more or less crime-prone places, such as places with bars, places within certain distances from bars, or places with higher concentrations of bars. Rather than just a feature’s presence, its influence on space is important because context affects criminal behavior. GIS enables analysts to move beyond just creating maps of points that coexist with crime to creating visual narratives of how settings become conducive to crime. With growing use of spatial risk assessments and predictive modeling in the criminal justice community, operationalizing crime correlates to geographic units across a landscape is an important task that requires careful consideration. This article presents (1) a detailed discussion of the theoretical framework relevant to risk analysis and spatial influence and (2) three primary methods for operationalizing criminogenic features to a geographic map. One of these maps is included in a risk terrain model (RTM) along with three other spatially operationalized maps of different criminogenic features to produce a composite map of criminogenic
Investigation of vortex-induced vibration of twin box girders

ABSTRACT: Dynamic wind tunnel tests of twin box girders with a space ratio of L/D=1.70 have been performed in this study. The results show that although the strength of the vortex is very weak under stationary conditions, it gives rise to vortex-induced vibrations with a lock-in range of 0.570 Ur 0.668 in dynamic testing. To further study the flow characteristics around the twin box girder when undergoing vortex-induced vibration, a hybrid method combining experiments with numerical simulations is employed. The energy transfer between the flow and motion of the body, and evolution of flow patterns over vortex-induced vibration process are analyzed based on the computational results. The results indicate that with an increase in oscillation amplitude, strong vortices form in the gap between the two box girders. These vortices impinge on the windward wall of the downstream box girder and cause the flow to separate and re-attach periodically around the windward corners of the downstream box girder.
Environmental degradation of lignin/poly(hydroxybutyrate) blends 1

Blends of lignin and poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) were obtained by melt extrusion. They 9 were buried in a garden soil for up to 12 months, and the extent and mechanism of 10 degradation were investigated by gravimetric analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), 11 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning 12 electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) over the 13 entire range of compositions. The PHB films were disintegrated and lost 45 wt% of mass 14 within 12 months. This value dropped to 12 wt% of mass when only 10 wt% of lignin was 15 present, suggesting that lignin both inhibited and slowed down the rate of PHB degradation. 16 TGA and DSC indicated structural changes, within the lignin/PHB matrix, with burial time, 17 while FTIR results confirmed the fragmentation of the PHB polymer. XPS revealed an 18 accumulation of biofilms on the surface of buried samples, providing evidence of a 19 biodegradation mechanism. Significant surface roughness was observed with PHB films due 20 to microbial attack caused by both loosely and strongly associated microorganisms. The presence of lignin in the blends may have inhibited the colonisation of the microorganisms and caused the blends to be resistant to microbial attack. Analysis suggested that lignin formed strong hydrogen bonds with PHB in the buried samples and it is likely that the rate of random chain scission of PHB is reduced, preventing rapid degradation of the blends.
Navigating on web maps : Route characteristics and performance

Providing spatial information by using maps has bee n d veloped into a widely accepted means for suppor ting wayfinding. While most studies focus on the effects of actual wayfinding p erformance, this study investigates how different r oute characteristics affect the interactions and wayfinding on online maps. These c haracteristics are assessed by constructing verbal route descriptions in three different conditions: 1) allocentric, 2) egocentric, and 3) l andmark-based. In total 22 participants were random ly assigned to navigate using all three conditions of instructions to find waypoints on rou tes with the similar complexity and length. Prelimi nary results reveal that participants with lower spatial abilities took significantly lon ger time to complete the navigation tasks than thos e with higher spatial ability. Furthermore, using allocentric route instructions, participants took less time in finding the waypoint s than those using landmark-based instructions. Additionally, interactions such as zo oming were found associated with the instruction ty pe. In particular, these findings are slightly different from previous studies carried ou t in actual environment indicating that landmark-ba sed route instructions are most supportive for actual wayfinding and spatial orient ation. When using and interacting directly with map s, however, instructions provided through an egocentric or landmark-based frame, requ ir participants to transfer their acquired egocent ric frame of reference to an allocentric frame as represented in maps. In other words, when acquiring spatial knowledge in environment for actu l wayfinding tasks, there is no change in the frame of reference (egocentric or lan dmark-based). Hence landmarks serve an efficient ro le in actual wayfinding. To sum up, the preliminary results of this study contribute to clarifying the roles of different route instructio ns on wayfinding tasks on web maps.
Testing the Effectiveness of Augmented Reality in the Public Participation Process : A Case Study in the City of Bernburg

The effective implementation of the new technologies needs a comprehensive understanding of the subject. Augmented Reality as a technology with capabilities in the field of landscape architecture should be practiced in real projects to increase this understanding. This article is an effort to investigate the role of AR in a case study bringing the technology into a public participation frame to express how laypersons react to this application. In addition, the article expresses the feedback of the public towards the project itself after using AR application.
Contextualizing Effect Sizes in the National Survey of Student Engagement: An Empirical Analysis.

Robert M. Gonyea, Ed.D. Indiana University, Bloomington Abstract The concept of effect size plays a crucial role in assessment, institutional research, and scholarly inquiry, where it is common with large sample sizes to find small relationships that are statistically significant. This study examines the distribution of effect sizes from institutions that participated in the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) and empirically derives recommendations for their interpretation. The aim is to provide guidelines for researchers, policymakers, and assessment professionals to judge the importance of an effect from student engagement results. The authors argue for the adoption of the recommendations for interpreting effect sizes from statistical comparisons of NSSE data.
Environmental Education in Botswana : A Socio-cultural Analysis of Children ’ s Participation

There has been an increased interest in the rights and abilities of children to actively participate in their own learning in the field of environmental education and the focus has mainly been on teaching children to participate in understanding and addressing environmental issues through developing their action competence (i.e. their abilities to make decisions and act more independently or collectively). In this article we probe the concept of participation of children in environmental management activities in Botswana schools and illustrate how socio-cultural theory offers a framework for re-thinking the participation of children in environmental education practice. We attempt to use these theories to shed light on issues surrounding children’s participation within the sociocultural and historical environmental education contexts of the schools. The theories used in the paper provide a tool for revealing forms of children’s participation. We further illustrate how they can be used for critical reflections and monitoring of teaching practices in schools’ environmental education processes.
enetic characterization of Cryptosporidium in animal and human solates from Jordan

Little is known about the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in Jordan and to date, only one genotyping study has been conducted on Cryptosporidium isolates from Jordanian children. In the present study, a total of 284 faecal samples from Jordanian cattle, sheep, goats and chicken and 48 human faecal samples were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium using an 18S quantitative PCR (qPCR) and a C. parvum/C. hominis specific qPCR at a lectin locus. Of these, 37 of 284 animal faecal samples were positive by qPCR at the 18S locus giving an overall prevalence of 11.6%. The point prevalence of Cryptosporidium in chickens, sheep, horses, cattle and goats ranged from 4.8% (chickens) to 18.7% (cattle). A total of six species were detected; C. xiaoi (n = 9), C. andersoni (n = 7), C. ryanae (n = 5), C. parvum (n = 4), C. baileyi (n = 1) and a genetically distinct and potentially novel species in two isolates from horses. Sub-genotype analysis of enotyping 8S rRNA p60 sub-typing the 4 C. parvum isolates at the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) locus identified subtype IIaA19G2R1 (n = 2) and IIaA16GR1 (n = 2). For the human samples, 4 positives (8.3% prevalence) were detected. Of these, two were C. parvum (subtypes IIdA20G1 and IIaA15G2R1) and two were C. hominis (subtypes 1bA9G3 and 1bA10G2R2). Further studies are required to better understand the epidemiology and transmission of Cryptosporidium in Jordan. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.