Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Drying Shrinkage Cracking of Untreated Soils and Cementitiously Stabilized Soils

Shrinkage cracking is a major concern that greatly limits the use of local soils and their cementitious stabilization in geosystems. Few studies have addressed the fundamental mechanisms of shrinkage and the related cracking in soils and cementitiously stabilized soils. This study characterizes two untreated soils and two soils treated with cement. On the basis of the matric suction and free-shrinkage measurements, a relationship was established between moisture loss and the drying shrinkage potential of untreated and cementitiously stabilized soils. Thus, on the basis of moisture loss, the shrinkage potential of the soils could be predicted. In addition, stress–strain relationships of soils that were affected by matric suction and cement hydration were developed on the basis of indirect tensile testing. Models were input into finite element analysis to characterize the moisture loss, drying shrinkage potential, shrinkage stress under given restraint condition, and shrinkage cracking of untreated and cementitiously stabilized soils. A drying shrinkage cracking test was designed to verify the models and procedure in terms of cracking time, tensile strength, and tensile load due to shrinkage. This study provides an approach to predicting the shrinkage cracking to properly design a pavement.
Flight And Scaling Of Flyers In Nature

Flight is one of the most demanding adaptations found in nature because of the physical problems in remaining airborne. Therefore, fliers in nature have been subjected to strong selection for optimal morphology. Different flight modes are associated with distinct wing design, dictated by the animal’s niche and habitat selection. This paper focuses on vertebrate fliers. A main problem for flying animals and aircraft is to obtain enough lift in slow flight. Flapping flight always includes phases with unsteady flow, and in this situation the flexible animal wing has superior performance than a fixed aeroplane wing. Animals can manoeuvre better and change wing form to meet different flight conditions and requirements and they can also make compensating wing movements to avoid stall. Flying vertebrates have evolved several sophisticated lift-enhancing wing adaptations similar to those developed for flying machines, such as slots, slats, flaps and turbulence generators of the boundary layer. Dimensional analysis is a valuable tool in studies of the biomechanics and energetics of animal flight. Empirical allometric relationships allow exploration of how different mechanical, physiological and ecological constraints change in importance with size and wing form. Flight parameters, such as wing loading (weight/wing area) and aspect ratio (wingspan 2 /wing area), are widely used both in aircraft engineering and in studies of animal flight. But the shape of the tail is also important; the tails of birds vary more than their wings. Regression of wing morphology and aerodynamic characteristics are also given for various vertebrate fliers, with a few comparisons with aircraft.
Stylometric analysis of the correspondence of Zsigmond Móricz

Jelen cikk egy kutatásról számol be, amelynek keretében számítógépes stilometriai módszerekkel vizsgáltuk meg Móricz Zsigmond feleségéhez és másokhoz 1902 és 1913 között írt leveleinek textuális és stilometriai sajátosságait. Ez a kísérlet a Petőfi Irodalmi Múzeum Digitális Bölcsészeti Központjának az első stilometriai próbálkozása. A korpusz a Petőfi Irodalmi Múzeum Móricz-különgyűjteményének leveleiből készült digitális tudományos kiadásán alapul, 478 levelet (220 268 szót) tartalmaz. Egy R-csomagot, a Stylót, valamint távolságmérési módszereket (klasszikus deltát és Eder egyszerű deltáját) alkalmaztunk a fent említett sajátosságok elemzésére. Az eredményeket kétféleképpen vizualizáltuk: klaszteranalízissel (dendrogramon) és főkomponens-analízissel. A levelek klasszifikációja sikeres volt, bár csak a két vizualizációs módszer együttes alkalmazása vezetett eredményre. Sikerült kimutatnunk, hogy stilometriailag mérhető különbségek vannak a Jankának és másoknak írt Móricz-levelek között.
The Effect of Climatic Condition on Area Preference of Animals in Dairy Cattle Houses

Realizing design of appropriate structure for cow comfort is important to increase animal production. This study was carried out to determine shelter area choice of cows for loose housing and free stall housing between 2006-2008 in Konya. Behaviour of animals was investigated in two dairy cattle companies which have loose and free stall livestock buildings. It has taken 80 days (1920 h) totally, 40 days per company. Forty days were decided to represent 4 seasons (10 days per season). Behaviour of cows was observed by recording during 24 hours of a day with video cameras mounted at suitable places in investigated parts. Seasonal time budget and shelter field choice of cows was determined for each shelter company. As a result of the observations, it was determined that climate is an important factor for area preference of cows. It was observed that cows usually preferred barn facilities which had low air flow in cold climatic conditions, high air flow in hot climatic conditions.
Assessing Irrigation Water Capacity of Land Use Change in a Data-Scarce Watershed of Korea

AbstractThe objective of this study is to assess stable irrigation water capacity and erosion on the basis of water and sediment balance analysis of land use change. The reservoir water balance analysis is calculated by the daily irrigation reservoir operation model (DIROM) for simulating daily inflow and release rates for irrigation reservoirs. The reservoir capacity change for assessing the sediment flux is predicted using the universal soil loss equation (USLE), sediment delivery ratio (SDR), and trap efficiency. To analyze soil erosion changes according to land use changes, Landsat-5 images were selected. Spatial distribution of deposited sediment is estimated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) method and the hydrodynamic, sediment and contaminant transport model (HSCTM-2D), which is a finite-element model for simulating surface water flow and sediment transport. The model performance was verified by comparing simulated and observed data. The simulated results, which were validated using an inte.
Log sawing optimisation directed by market demands

Throughout the forest-to-mill supply chain there are many instances where provision of accurate data can enhance decision-making and profitability. Software tools designed to aid decision making include FOLPI, MARVL and AUTOSAW. FOLPI can be used to optimise stand harvest scheduling and log allocation to markets, MARVL provides optimal log bucking solutions that maximise the total value of logs obtainable from each stem, and AUTOSAW can provide optimal sawing solutions that maximise total lumber volume or value yields. In generating optimal volume or value solutions, both MARVL and AUTOSAW assume open market condi­ tions. Whether cutting stems into logs, allocating logs to processes, or sawing logs into boards, key drivers in the solution process should take account of market demand. While FOLPI already addresses this at the strategic and tactical levels, work is currently underway to include market demand in AUTOSAW. This paper reports on a prototype system that is im­ plemented and tested in the AUTOSAW log sawing simu­ lation system. The "product optimisation" system dy­ namically controls production to fulfill lumber orders by feedback from regularly updated production tallies. Graded yield from volume-, value- and productoptimised solutions was generated from the simulated sawing of pruned Pinus radiata logs using three orderbooks that consisted of lumber orders specified by grade and volume. In each case, the prototype required fewer logs to satisfy each orderbook than either volumeor value- optimisation. Furthermore, over-production of unordered products was significantly reduced. In prac­ tical terms, these results suggest that potential gains at the sawmill may be obtained through the purchase and processing of fewer logs to meet the same demand and an accompanying reduction in storage requirements for surplus products.
Genome-wide mapping of histone modification H3K4me3 in bovine oocytes and early embryos

Reprogramming of histone modifications is critical to safeguard correct gene expression profile during preimplantation development. Of interest, trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone 3 (H3K4me3) exhibits a unique and dynamic landscape with a potential species-specific feature. Here, we address how it is reprogrammed and its functional significance during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development in cows. Notably, the overall signal of H3K4me3 decreased sharply during embryonic genome activation (EGA). By using low input ChIP-seq technology, we find widespread broad H3K4me3 domains in oocytes and early cleaved embryos. The broad domains are gradually removed after fertilization, which is obviously seen during EGA. Meanwhile, H3K4me3 become enriched at promoter regions. Interestingly, the gene expression level displays a positive correlation with the relative H3K4me3 signal of their promoters when embryos reach 16-cell stage. Importantly, disruption of H3K4me3 demethylases KDM5A-5C increases H3K4me3 level, decreases the embryonic developmental rate and results in dysregulation of over a thousand genes. Meanwhile, KDM5 deficiency causes a re-destribution of H3K4me3 across genome. In particular, the positive correlation between promoter H3K4me3 enrichment and gene expression level disappear. Overall, we describe the genomic reprogramming of H3K4me3 in a greater resolution during bovine preimplantation development and propose that KDM5-mediated re-distribution of H3K4me3 plays an important role in modulating oocyte-to-embryonic transition.
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND DIFFUSIVITY OF FOUR TRINIDADIAN SOILS AS AFFECTED BY PEAT CONTENT

Thermal conductivity and diffusivity were measured in the field and the laboratory with a portable thermal properties sensor and probe (KD2, Decagon Devices, Inc.) for twelve major agricultural soils in Trinidad. These parameters were measured because they are required for the design of underground cables and for agronomic practice. The effect of incorporating peat into four of the agricultural soils on thermal conductivity and diffusivity was further investigated over a range of stresses from 0 to 1000 kPa using a compression machine. Air-dry peat was applied at four levels (0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% by mass) to the four soils (two sandy loams, a clay loam, and clay) and tested at three moisture contents by mass, namely, 5% below Proctor optimum for maximum compaction, optimum, and 5% above optimum. Bulk densities achieved during soil compression were computed to assist in the interpretation of the results. The thermal conductivity measured in the field ranged from 0.90 to 1.55 W m-1 °C-1 and were within 0.1 W m-1 °C-1 of the values measured in the laboratory for the individual soils. Mean thermal conductivity during laboratory measurements declined significantly from 1.21 to 0.97 W m-1 °C-1, and mean thermal diffusivity declined from 0.25 to 0.19 mm2 s-1 as the peat content increased from 0% to 12% by mass. Mean thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity increased significantly with increasing applied stress and moisture level at the 0.001 level and declined, in most cases, with increasing clay content. The effect of peat incorporation in decreasing soil thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity is diminished at low soil moisture and bulk density. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity were significantly (p = 0.001) and linearly related to each other. Two significant (p = 0.001) linear equations developed to relate each thermal property to bulk density suggest that unique relationships may exist between the two thermal properties and bulk density. A multiple linear regression equation was further developed from the experimental data to be utilized as a first estimation of bulk density. The results from this study contribute to the greater understanding of how peat affects thermal conductivity and diffusivity.
A Cascade Hybrid Model of Series Compensation Scheme for Mitigation Fluctuation in Grid and Mitigate SSR

In the recently developed schemes for voltage fluctuation and SSR has been proposed. In this paper the most advanced concepts has introduced with hybrid compensation scheme. The compensation measures taken to mitigate the voltage fluctuation is done with cascade scheme of static synchronous series compensation(SSSC) in addition to the voltage Source to compensate the grid voltage deviations and has the tendency to mitigate the sub synchronous resonance (SSR). The system maintains the grid voltage very closer to the current angle and continuous monitoring of grid voltage to mitigate the sub synchronous resonance. The DC voltage source with cascade circuit form the hybrid circuit and gives effective mitigation of voltage flickering and damping of sub synchronous resonance. Reliability of operating the power stations without interruption due to SSR will be achieved. Keywords—Mitigation of voltage fluctuation, AC Transmission System (FACTS),Sub Synchronous Resonance(SSR), series compensation, static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), voltage balancing, voltage-sourced converter.
Linear polyacrylamide is highly efficient in precipitating and purifying environmental and ancient DNA

Nucleic acid extraction from complex environmental and ancient tissue material is prone to co‐extract inhibitory substances that make further molecular analysis difficult or impossible. This co‐extraction occurs in both solid‐phase and liquid‐phase/organic nucleic acid extraction protocols. Currently, the widely used method to overcome inhibition includes the addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to the downstream enzymatic reactions or the dilution of the nucleic acid extracts. BSA, however, seems to reduce the inhibitory effect of certain compounds only, and excessive dilution may change the original DNA composition. In this study, we introduce an innovative new method using linear polyacrylamide (LPA) to efficiently precipitate and purify nucleic acids extracted from complex environmental and ancient tissue samples in one working step. The LPA method replaces the precipitation step in classic liquid‐phase/organic extraction protocols or can be easily applied as an additional post‐extraction step on impure DNA extracts. As a proof of concept, we experimented with this method on different ancient human mummy samples (bones, soft tissues and gut contents) from different time periods (5000 BC–1800 AD), as well as on complex environmental samples (e.g. soil, activated sludge and animal faeces) known to contain inhibitory compounds. We demonstrated that LPA precipitates nucleic acids, even in an aqueous ethanol solution without the addition of chaotropic salts, resulting in the recovery of highly pure DNA from all tested samples that displayed inhibition with previously published extraction protocols. Compared to the current, most widely used silica‐based extraction method for ancient and sedimentary DNA, our LPA method resulted in comparable DNA qualities and overall DNA compositions (human endogenous content and microbial diversity). In conclusion, our LPA method with its high purifying capacity provides an important alternative to the commonly used DNA extraction protocols in the environmental and ancient DNA (aDNA) fields.
Inductor-controlled current-sourcing resonant inverter and its application as a high pressure discharge lamp driver

The practicality of designing a fixed-frequency resonant inverter that is controlled by a variable inductor was investigated theoretically and experimentally. The proposed approach was studied by considering the design of current source resonant inverter. The theoretical analysis yielded closed form (albeit implicit) relationships between the inductance and the transfer function of the inverter. Excellent agreement was found between model predictions and experimental results. An experimental inverter was designed and tested as an electronic ballast for a discharge lamp (metal halide lamp). The inverter was operated at 200 kHz and included ignition circuitry and dimming capability. <<ETX>>
Sensitivity Analysis Applied in Design of Low Energy Office Building

Building performance can be expressed by different indicators as primary energy use, environmental load and/or the indoor environmental quality and a building performance simulation can provide the decision maker with a quantitative measure of the extent to which an integrated design solution satisfies the design requirements and objectives. In the design of sustainable Buildings it is beneficial to identify the most important design parameters in order to develop more efficiently alternative design solutions or reach optimized design solutions. A sensitivity analysis makes it possible to identify the most important parameters in relation to building performance and to focus design and optimization of sustainable buildings on these fewer, but most important parameters. The sensitivity analyses will typically be performed at a reasonably early stage of the building design process, where it is still possible to influence the important parameters. The methodology is presented and an application example is given for design of an office building in Denmark.
Space Optical Remote Sensor of the CAE Thermal Control Index Calculation Method

The thermal control indicators CAE methods of Space optical remote sensor are analyzed in the presented work. We sat up a thermal optical analysis model for space optical remote sensor. By assuming fully covered by in-orbit temperature load, and using the finite element method for thermal deformation analysis, we obtained the optical remote sensor surface deformation and displacement under various thermal loading. Using ZERNIKE polynomial, wave was fitted to obtain ZERNIKE polynomial coefficients which were incorporated into the optical system design. Using CODE V optical calculation software, heat-ray machines under elastic deformation of the system point spread function, transfer function (MTF), wave front differential (WFE) etc. were calculated. Image quality changes of remote sensors are discussed in variety assumed cases such as temperature loads of quality change. By repeated iteration, critical value of temperature fields meeting the design requirements are obtained for the optical system. Optical indicators were converged to the temperature field indicator, then reasonable indicators of thermal control for remote sensors were obtained. For the thermal control design, this method provided a reliable basis for design.
Pavement Preservation with Micromilling in Georgia

The micromilling technique to mill asphalt surface mix continues to be studied in the state of Georgia as part of a pavement preservation treatment in conjunction with thin asphalt overlays. Earlier research showed the results of micromilling on a deteriorated open-graded surface, which was overlaid with a new open-graded surface on I-75, south of Macon, Georgia. The micromilling produced a much finer surface texture than did conventional milling, with a ridge-to-valley depth (RVD) of less than 3 mm, and the technique could more accurately mill the deteriorated open-graded layer. A new open-graded surface was placed on top of that layer with no need for a new dense- or gap-graded layer. The result was a large cost savings compared with conventional milling and overlay. This paper summarizes research performed on a micromilling and open-graded inlay project on I-95 near Savannah, Georgia, and compares the results with those from the previous research. The new research affirms that significant cost savings can be achieved through the replacement of conventional milling with micromilling. Results obtained from the I-75 project indicated that, on the basis of 3 years of satisfactory performance of the open-graded overlay on the micromilled surface, the use of the 95th percentile RVD parameter as the threshold value for compliance with the 3.2-mm RVD acceptance requirement could be too conservative. Results from the I-95 project indicated that the mean RVD of the micromilled surface could meet the 3.2-mm RVD requirement. However, the appropriateness of this parameter's use should be determined on the basis of the long-term performance of the open-graded mix placed on the micromilled surface.
Acceptance of anomalous research findings: explaining treatment implausibility reduces belief in far-fetched results

Research findings are best understood by considering contextual factors such as treatment plausibility: how likely it is that a studied treatment or manipulation is effective, based on theory and data. If a treatment is implausible, then more evidence should be required before believing it has an effect. The current study assessed the extent to which the interpretation of a research finding is affected by treatment plausibility. Participant age varied from 18 to 82 (M = 27.4, SD = 9.4), and about half of the participants (53%) were college students. A total of 600 participants read a brief news article about an experiment with a new type of psychotherapy for weight loss. The current study used a 2 (treatment plausibility) × 3 (results type) between-subjects factorial design. Treatment plausibility had two levels: (1) a plausible cognitive behavioral therapy and (2) an implausible ”psychic reinforcement therapy” that was described as employing psychic messages to promote weight loss. The three levels of the results type factor varied how the study results were presented in the article: (1) standard results with no mention of treatment plausibility, (2) standard results followed by interpretive statements focused on treatment plausibility, and (3) no results—the study was described as still in progress. Participants rated their belief in the effectiveness of the therapy on a scale of 0 to 100% in 10% increments. When treatment plausibility was not discussed in the article, average ratings for the implausible therapy were relatively high (M = 63.1%, SD = 25.0, 95% CI% [58.2–68.1]) and similar to those for the plausible therapy (M = 69.2%, SD = 21.5, 95% CI% [65.0–73.5]). Ratings for the implausible treatment were moderately lower when the article explained why the results supporting it were questionable (M = 48.5%, SD = 26.6, 95% CI% [43.2–53.8]). The findings of the current study suggest that students and other members of the public may draw incorrect inferences from research partly because they do not appreciate the importance of treatment plausibility. This could be remedied, though not completely, by explicitly discussing the plausibility of the treatment based on theory and prior data.
Minimal Residual Disease Assessment in CLL/SLL: Is It Ready for Routine Clinical Practice?

Minimal residual disease (MRD) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is defined as <1 CLL cell per 10,000 leukocytes (0.01%; <10−4). Flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing have demonstrated high sensitivity in MRD detection. MRD assessment may help to determine prognosis after fixed-duration regimens; this has been established in the contexts of chemoimmunotherapy and venetoclax/antibody combinations. In the short term, MRD status does not seem to inform prognosis in patients treated with a BTK inhibitor plus venetoclax-based regimens; however, long-term data will be needed to determine whether it is beneficial in this population. Numerous trials have demonstrated that MRD may be used to guide therapy. It is unclear whether using an MRD-guided treatment strategy is better than using fixed-duration therapy; ongoing and future studies are warranted.