Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Specific Cation Effects at the Hydroxide-Charged Air/Water Interface

The zeta potentials of individual gas bubbles in water have been measured with a spinning tube zetameter as a function of added electrolyte concentrations. The bubbles have a negative charge at pH >3 due to the preferential adsorption of hydroxide ions. Addition of alkali halide electrolytes from 10-5 to 10-2 M reduces the zeta potential due to double layer compression. The effect is independent of the anion among the sodium chloride, bromide and iodide salts, indicating that these do not compete with hydroxide ion at the surface. Lithium chloride is more effective than cesium chloride at reducing the zeta potential, indicating that electrostatic effects are more important than dispersion forces at these low ionic strengths.
Fabrication of x-ray mask from a diamond membrane and its evaluation

We have prepared a diamond membrane x-ray mask using our novel fabrication techniques which include fluidized bed pretreatment, stress control of diamond film, and chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP), and we have evaluated its important properties for practical use in detail. Surface roughness of diamond film was improved from 55.7 to 1.5 nm Ra using the CMP technique. The transmittance of visible light increased considerably due to the reduction of incident light scattering at the diamond surface, and the transmittance of 2.2-μm-thick smooth diamond film was 92% at 633 nm. In-plane distortion-induced synchrotron radiation irradiation was Max(x,y)=(13,10) nm with a dosage of 12.8 kJ/cm2. In final evaluation, that is, of lithographic performance, we confirmed that a 0.2 μm gate array pattern can be successfully transferred.
Forward quark jet-nucleus scattering in a light-front Hamiltonian approach

We investigate the scattering of a quark jet on a high-energy heavy nucleus using the time-dependent light-front Hamiltonian approach. We simulate a real-time evolution of the quark in a strong classical color field of the relativistic nucleus, described as the Color Glass Condensate. We study the sub-eikonal effect by letting the quark jet carry realistic finite longitudinal momenta, and we find sizeable changes on the transverse coordinate distribution of the quark. We also observe the energy loss of the quark through gluon emissions in the $\ket{q}+\ket{qg}$ Fock space. This approach provides us with an opportunity to study scattering processes from non-perturbative aspects.
COMPARISON BETWEEN ULTRAFILTRATION AND MICROFILTRATION IN THE CLARIFICATION OF POMEGRANATE JUICE

ABSTRACT In this study, both microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) were applied to clarify pomegranate juice (PJ). Although MF resulted in greater permeate efficiency, the turbidities of the juices were similar when using these approaches. Also, changes in the pH, acidity, total soluble solids, phenolic components, anthocyanins and antioxidant activities were similar when using both membrane processes. According to the results of this study, there was a greater membrane fouling in the UF process when compared to the MF process. Pretreatment of the juices with an MF process reduced the membrane fouling in the UF process. However, further processing of the microfiltered PJ by a UF process did not have any influence on the turbidity but decreased the levels of valuable components (such as total anthocyanin and antioxidant activity levels) of the juice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS According to this research, microfiltration (MF) can be used as a more convenient approach than ultrafiltration (UF) to clarify pomegranate juice (PJ). This is due to the fact that the yield of the clarified juice in the MF process was higher, but the chemical and nutritional properties of the permeated juices were similar in both applications. It was also found that complementary UF of a previously microfiltered PJ was ineffective in the clarification process of PJ.
A mixed indicator strip for phosphine detection.

A rapid, sensitive and reliable mixed indicator paper strip impregnated with dimethyl yellow (0.05%), cresol red (0.1%) and mercuric chloride (1.0%) in methanol has been developed for the detection of phosphine (PH3) in air at the permissible level (TLV). The paper strip turns red in the presence of phosphine. It is highly sensitive and has better shelf-life than indicator strips impregnated with dimethyl yellow plus mercuric chloride or cresol red plus mercuric chloride.
Effective Recognition on the Surface of a Polymer Prepared by Molecular Imprinting Using Ionic Complex

To achieve selective recognition of water-soluble ionic compounds, we developed an effective preparation method that can construct specific recognition sites on a cross-linked polymer surface using ionic complexes of functional monomers and template molecules. The specific ionic complexes used for selective recognition were attached on the surface of cross-linked polymer pores via a reaction between ionic complexes and unreacted vinyl groups on the polymer. In this paper, we show that ionic complexes can attach to the polymer surface by determining the number of unreacted vinyl groups on the cross-linked base polymer. The prepared polymers had greater effective adsorption ability than normally prepared molecularly imprinted polymer because there were no dead sites in the cross-linked network. Furthermore, according to chromatographic evaluations involving frontal analyses, the prepared polymer has selective recognition ability based on the interval recognition of ionic compounds. The adsorption isotherm a.
Issues and Challenges in the Development of Deca-Dodecasil 3 Rhombohedral Membrane in CO2 Capture from Natural Gas

Removal of CO2 from natural gas using a membrane-based process has been adopted on an industrial scale, and about 200 membrane separation plants have been installed all over the world. In industry, inorganic membranes are preferred over the polymeric and mixed matrix membranes in CO2 separation from natural gas because of their good chemical stability and high separation performance. Among all inorganic membranes, deca-dodecasil 3 rhombohedral zeolite (DDR) membrane exhibits the highest selectivity in CO2 separation from natural gas. However, synthesis of DDR membranes requires a long duration, with a minimum of 25 days. Therefore, reduction of duration in the synthesis of the DDR membrane remains a challenging issue. In this review, separation performance of polymeric, mixed matrix and inorganic membranes are compared. Synthesis methods of DDR membranes and their performance in CO2 separation reported by various researchers are discussed. The challenges and issues related to the formation of DDR membranes are also included. In conclusion, the future direction and perspective on the development of DDR membranes for CO2 separation are summarized.
In-situ Gelation Studies of an Eco-friendly Cross-linked Polymer System for Water Shut-off at High Temperatures

Water production is a serious threat during oil production. Cross-linked polymer gels have been used for water shut-off in petroleum production operations for a long time and have proved to be one of the most effective methods. The organically cross-linked polymer gels have longer gelation times, are more stable, and can be applied at higher temperatures and over a wide pH range, as compared to inorganically cross-linked gels; hence, they are more preferable. The gelled polymer treatments can be applied to both injection and production wells to modify the permeability and alter flow in reservoirs to reduce water production and enhance oil production. The work presented involves the investigations on the performance of a hydroquinone/hexamethylene tetramine cross-linked polyacrylamide system. The study involves the detailed in-situ gelation mechanism of the above system by means of sand pack core flooding. The performance and efficiency of this polymer system in an oil field for enhancing oil recovery applications has been judged from these core flooding experiments.
Crystal‐field analysis of triply ionized rare earth ions in lanthanum trifluoride

Previously reported spectra of nine triply ionized lanthanides in LaF3 are analyzed by using a parametrized C2 crystal‐field Hamiltonian. Initial crystal‐field parameters Bnm in the fitting procedure were obtained from point charge lattice sums Anm using previously derived ρn, where Bnm=ρnAnm. The largest rms deviation of theory from experiment was 18.1 cm−1 (Pr3+), and the smallest was 2.1 cm−1 (Ho3+). The resulting Bnm were used to obtain a smoothed set of crystal field parameters for the entire lanthanide series whose largest rms deviation was 20.8 cm−1 (Pr3+) and whose smallest was 3.5 cm−1 (Ho3+).
ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS OF RAW AND ROASTED HAZELNUTS

Adsorption isotherms of raw and roasted (at 100°C, 120°C, 140°C and 160°C) hazelnuts of Tombul variety were determined at 25°C, and over relative humidities ranging from 11 to 90% using the gravimetric static method. Eleven sorption models (GAB, BET, Modified BET, Halsey, Iglesias-Chirife, Oswin, Chung-Pfost, Smith, Kuhn, Harkins-Jura and Caurie) were evaluated by using the linear regression method. GAB (Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer) model satisfactorily described adsorption characteristics of the samples over the experimental range of study. Monolayer values at 25°C were estimated from the GAB model as 0.0155 kg water/kg dry solid for raw and 0.0100–0.0163 kg water/kg dry solid for roasted hazelnuts. Caurie security moisture content for raw hazelnuts was also determined from Caurie model as 0.048 kg water/kg dry solid.
An Improved Ultrasound-Assisted Alkali Extraction Process of Perilla Seed Meal Polysaccharide

The quantitative effects of extraction time, extraction temperature, concentration of alkali solution, and ratio of solid to liquid on yield of perilla seed meal polysaccharides were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). The experimental data obtained were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis and also analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. By solving the regression equation and also by analyzing the response surface contour plots, the optimal ultrasound-assisted (ultrasonic power was 70 W) extraction conditions of polysaccharides were determined: Extraction time of 29.4 min, extraction temperature of 42.8°C, concentration of NaOH of 4.5 mol/L, and ratio of liquid to solid of 22 g/mL. These predicted values were also verified by validation experiments.
Magnetic and Optical Investigations on LaFeO3 Powders with Different Particle Sizes and Corresponding Ceramics

The optical and magnetic properties of nano-LaFeO3 powders prepared by a starchassisted soft-chemistry synthesis and corresponding ceramics have been investigated.Magnetic measurements on LaFeO3 powders with crystallite sizes of 37−166 nm showpronounced magnetization hysteresis loops. Measurements at 300 K reveal that the coercivity(Hc) of 19−32 kOe depends on the crystallite size, whereas the low remanence values (Mr) ofroughly 0.2 emu/g and the maximal magnetization (Mmax) at 90 kOe of 1.05−0.85 emu/g areonly slightly changing. Investigations at 10 K reveal a loop shift (exchange bias) up to 12 kOein the negative direction depending on the crystallite size. Ceramic bodies, sintered at ³ 1300°C possess a considerably reduced hysteresis loop. Hc is decreased up to 3.0 kOe, whereas Mr and Mmax are slightly increasing. None of the samples reaches saturation at 90 kOe indicating an anti-ferromagnetic ordering of the spins. The optical band gaps of the LaFeO3 sampleswere determined by means of diffuse reflectance spectra. For all LaFeO3 powders similar band gaps of 2.65 eV were observed. However, ceramics with grain-size significantly larger than 250 nm show smaller band gap values up to 2.12 eV.
Monte Carlo simulation method for etching of deep trenches in Si by a SF6/O2 plasma mixture

A Monte Carlo method which determines the evolution of a Si etched surface under an SF6/O2 plasma mixture in a high-density low-pressure reactor is presented. The approach consists of a two-dimensional discretization of the initial target (mask and substrate) in a series of same size cells, to determine the substrate time–space evolution according to plasma-surface interactions. One ion transport model through the sheath is introduced to determine the angular and energetic distribution function of ions near the substrate surface. Spontaneous chemical etching by SiF4 desorption and preferential sputtering are studied. Etch profile simulations were performed to interpret the role of certain parameters such as mask geometry and F sticking probability. The simulation results show that the neutral reemission in the trench is implicated in the undercut formation. Moreover, the predicted etch profiles let a bowing appear at the sidewalls. The model reveals that these zones are sputtered by an incident ion flux r.
Calibration Methods for Field-Flow Fractionation Using Broad Standards. II. Flow Field-Flow Fractionation

Abstract Flow field-flow fractionation (FIFFF) is commonly used to determine the molecular weight (MW) of water-soluble polymers. Calibration is usually achieved using monodisperse MW standards, which restricts the determination of absolute MW distribution to a few commonly used polymers. To overcome this limitation, a calibration method using polydisperse standards, which was first developed for thermal field-flow fractionation, has been modified for use in FIFFF. The method was tested using a series of water-soluble polymer samples with known average MW values. The calibration method using polydisperse standards has been validated, and the method should expand the sample range for FIFFF analysis.
The Microwave Spectrum, the rs Structure and the Dipole Moment of the TT Isomer of Diethyl Ether

The microwave spectra of six isotopic species of diethyl ether were measured in relation to the molecular form and dipole moment. Transitions of the TT(trans-trans) isomer could be assigned and the rs structure of this isomer was obtained by the substitution method. The structural parameters of the TT isomer of diethyl ether are; r(CO) 1.408 A, r(CC) 1.516 A; α(COC) 112°25′, α(OCC) 108°37′ for the skeleton; r(CH) 1.093 A, α(CCH) 110°11′, α(OCH) 110°10′, α(HCH) 107°29′ for the CH2 group and r(CH) 1.090 A, α(CCHs) 110°35′, α(CCHa) 110°15′, α(HsCHa) 108°48′, α(HaCHa) 108°4′ for the CH3 group. The dipole moment was determined to be 1.061±0.018 D from the Stark effect measurement for the TT isomer. A discussion was made on the structure and the dipole moment of the TT isomer of diethyl ether in comparison with those of the similar molecules.
Glass Ionomer Subgingival Matrix Technique to Restore a Tooth with Severe Root Resorption for Implant Site Development

Here, we present the multidisciplinary, patient-specific management of a patient with severe external root resorption and bone loss in a maxillary anterior tooth. The tooth was provisionally noninvasively restored with glass ionomer subgingival matrix in preparation for forced orthodontic extrusion, papillary preservation, and implant placement. This approach enables clinicians to control infection within and around the resorbed tooth and then to use it as an anchor for slow forced tooth eruption to correct bone and mucogingival deformities. Aesthetic and functional outcomes were clinically and radiographically satisfactory. The advantages and disadvantages of this technique are discussed.
Ethanolic Extract of Dried Leaves from the Cerrado Biome Increases the Cryotolerance of Bovine Embryos Produced In Vitro

In vitro embryo production (IVP) induces excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which affects blastocyst quality. Therefore, the supplementation of culture media with antioxidants is an alternative to overcome oxidative stress damage. However, there is a growing demand for the use of antioxidant compounds that are more natural and less toxic in cell cultures. The present study is aimed at evaluating the effect of ethanolic extracts from cerrado leaves on IVP. First, the antioxidant capacity and the amount of phenolic compounds of the leaves were evaluated. Then, the best ethanolic extract concentration composed of cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) and murici (Byrsonima crassifolia) to be used during the in vitro culture of in vitro-produced embryos was determined. Afterward, we evaluated the influence of the extract of both plants on ROS and glutathione (GSH) production, while also evaluating the apoptosis and ROS metabolism gene expression. In a subsequent step, the effect of the ethanolic extracts of dried cagaita and murici leaves during embryonic cultivation on the cryotolerance of expanded blastocysts was studied. The results showed a significant reduction in the proportion of apoptotic cells from embryos cultivated with 0.01 mg/mL of the cagaita ethanolic extract, besides inducing an increase in the GPX4 and PRDX3 transcription levels. The murici ethanolic extract induced an increase in the transcription abundance of these genes but did not reduce the proportion of apoptotic cells. In addition, expanded blastocysts cultivated with extracts at a concentration of 0.01 mg/mL and cryopreserved had higher hatching rates and lower degeneration rates when compared to the frozen group previously supplemented with the extracts. Moreover, the apoptosis rate of embryos cultured for 12 h after cryopreservation was lower in groups previously exposed to extracts during in vitro cultivation. Such extracts may be used as alternatives to increase the cryotolerance of in vitro-produced embryos.
Identification of Long Noncoding RNA Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Single-Sample Networks

Objective Many studies have found that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are differentially expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and closely associated with the occurrence and prognosis of HCC. Since patients with HCC are usually diagnosed in late stages, more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic prediction are in urgent need. Methods The RNA-seq data of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were obtained using the edgeR package. The single-sample networks of the 371 tumor samples were constructed to identify the candidate lncRNA biomarkers. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to further select the potential lncRNA biomarkers. By multivariate Cox regression analysis, a 3-lncRNA-based risk score model was established on the training set. Then, the survival prediction ability of the 3-lncRNA-based risk score model was evaluated on the testing set and the entire set. Function enrichment analyses were performed using Metascape. Results Three lncRNAs (RP11-150O12.3, RP11-187E13.1, and RP13-143G15.4) were identified as the potential lncRNA biomarkers for LIHC. The 3-lncRNA-based risk model had a good survival prediction ability for the patients with LIHC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis proved that the 3-lncRNA-based risk score was an independent predictor for the survival prediction of patients with LIHC. Function enrichment analysis indicated that the three lncRNAs may be associated with LIHC via their involvement in many known cancer-associated biological functions. Conclusion This study could provide novel insights to identify lncRNA biomarkers for LIHC at a molecular network level.
Interactions, Behavior, And Stability of Fluorenone inside Zeolite Nanochannels

The development of functional materials based on the supramolecular organization of photoactive species in nanosized porous matrices requires a deep knowledge of host−guest interactions and of their influence on material properties and stability. Extensive first-principles investigations on the fluorescent dye fluorenone inside zeolite L, both at dry conditions and in the presence of water, have unraveled the molecular origin of the peculiar stability of this composite in humid environments, a fundamental prerequisite for practical applications. Results of first-principles molecular dynamics simulations, structural optimizations, and TDDFT calculations, validated by comparison with experimental data, provide a comprehensive picture of the structure, energetics, electronic excitation properties, and room-temperature behavior of the fluorenone/zeolite L composite and predict a substantial optical anisotropy for this material also maintained upon contact with water. The interaction of the fluorenone carbonyl.
Speciation of selenium in human urine by HPLC-ICP-MS with a collision and reaction cell

A detailed evaluation of the performance of a hexapole collision and reaction cell in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the speciation of selenium in human urine has been carried out. The relative limits of detection, monitoring isotope 80Se, were in the range 30–80 ppt (using a hydraulic high pressure nebulizer) and 100–200 ppt (using a Meinhard nebulizer) for the seleno-compounds not interfered by the urinary matrix. Selenium species separation has been carried out by reversed-phase and ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Also, the chromatographic behaviour of some sulfur compounds was studied. Unfortunately, the retention times of the selenoaminoacids and the analogue sulfur compounds were not the same, and some chemical interactions between selenite and cysteine or reduced glutathion were observed. The urinary selenium speciation was carried out in 8 different subjects before and after 10 days of supplementation with different commercial nutritional tablets. Trimethylselenonium was found in 3 subjects as one of the main selenium species in urine before and after supplementation. However, a compound, not identified yet, was observed to be the main urinary selenium species after supplementation in all cases.
Fuzzy Logic Control Application for BWR Recirculation Flow Control System

There has been increasing necessity for load following and/or AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) operation along with the growth in the share of nuclear power generation in the electric power network. Fuzzy logic control was investigated for application to a BWR recirculation flow control system, in order to obtain a rapid generator power response within an allowable neutron flux overshoot. The proposed controller has two control loops, generator power and neutron flux loop. The fuzzy logic is utilized for weighing these control loops and for controlling the neutron flux. By evaluating the controller performance by numerical simulations on the step response for generator power demand with the model BWR recirculation flow system, more rapid response was obtained than that for conventional proportional plus integral controllers with no neutron flux overshoot beyond alarm activation level.
Reducing fitness costs associated with antibiotic resistance: experimental evolution in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans

The use of antibiotics may result in a persistent resistance in the organism targeted by the antibiotic. Since in most cases resistance comes with a cost in the absence of the antibiotic, fitness restoration by compensatory adaptation is essential for the resistance to persist in a population. We have studied the process of compensatory evolution using a fludioxonil resistant mutant of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. In an evolution experiment lasting for 27 weeks (about 3000 cell cycles) 40 parallel strains of this mutant evolved under three different environmental conditions. Our results show that there is a severe cost of resistance (56%) in the absence of fludioxonil and that in all conditions used the mutant strain was able to restore fitness. In 7 cases, the evolved strain reached a higher fitness than the original sensitive ancestor. Fitness compensation occurred in one, two or three discrete steps. Genetic analysis of crosses between different evolved strains and between evolved and ancestral strains revealed interaction between compensatory mutations and provided information on the number of loci involved in fitness compensation. Finally we discuss the opportunities for the experimental study of evolutionary processes provided by the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans.