Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic diversity, chromosomal rearrangements, and interspecies hybridization in the Ogataea polymorpha species complex

Abstract The methylotrophic yeast Ogataea polymorpha has long been a useful system for recombinant protein production, as well as a model system for methanol metabolism, peroxisome biogenesis, thermotolerance, and nitrate assimilation. It has more recently become an important model for the evolution of mating-type switching. Here, we present a population genomics analysis of 47 isolates within the O. polymorpha species complex, including representatives of the species O. polymorpha, Ogataea parapolymorpha, Ogataea haglerorum, and Ogataea angusta. We found low levels of nucleotide sequence diversity within the O. polymorpha species complex and identified chromosomal rearrangements both within and between species. In addition, we found that one isolate is an interspecies hybrid between O. polymorpha and O. parapolymorpha and present evidence for loss of heterozygosity following hybridization.
A VALIDATED REVERSED PHASE UHPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ACECLOFENAC AND PARACETAMOL IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

The purpose of this present work is to develop and validate a simple, linear, accurate and precise reversed phase U-High Performance Liquid Chromatography method for the simultaneous estimation of Paracetamol and Aceclofenac in tablet dosage form (fixed dose combination formulation). For this, the analysis was carried out by High Performance Liquid Chromatography using U-HPLC System (ThermoDionex) equipped with an UV detector and stainless steel column (25cm × 4.6mm × 5μm) packed with octadecylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica column. The mobile phase contain buffer , adjusted to pH 7.5 with 1(M) sodium hydroxide and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 60:40 v/v with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and detection wavelength 272 nm. The retention time of Paracetamol and Aceclofenac was found to be 1.698 and 2.548 respectively . The method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 10-100 μg/mL for Aceclofenac, 100-500 μg/mL for Paracetamol with correlation coefficient of 0.999 for both drugs respectively. The %RSD of 0.660 and 0.689 for intra-day and 0.897 and 0.856 for inter-day precision, respectively for of Paracetamol and Aceclofenac suggest the precision of the method as all these values are less than 2%. The method has shown good, consistent recoveries for Paracetamol (99.48%) and Aceclofenac (99.42%) which are close to 100%. Thus, the current study showed that the developed reverse-phase liquid chromatography method is sensitive and selective for the estimation of Paracetamol and Aceclofenac in combined dosage form.
Shielded Capacitive Power Transfer (S-CPT) without Secondary Side Inductors

In this study, we propose a four-plate structure with two shielding plates to produce shielded capacitive power transfer (S-CPT) at an operating frequency of 6.78 MHz for a 10 W system. By eliminating the inductors at the secondary side to form an asymmetrical topology, an S-CPT system was developed with a class-E power amplifier. Using MATLAB software, analysis was performed to obtain the parameters in the S-CPT system regarding resonance and impedance matching, and the proposed coupler structure was investigated through electric field simulation. The shield plate voltage stability was also investigated by analysing both the simulation and hardware experiment results. A prototype of S-CPT was established to validate the analysis results and to demonstrate the voltage at the shield plate of the proposed coupler structure. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The proposed S-CPT exhibits an AC–AC efficiency of 84%, with a 56% voltage ground stability reduction because of implementing a balun.
Base cation saturation ratios, soil health, and yield in organic field crops

Base cation saturation ratio (BCSR) is a soil management philosophy that postu-lates having an ideal ratio of base cations for maximizing crop yields. This practice is widely used on organic farms, and BCSR practitioners commonly describe improvements in soil health and crop productivity. However, studies evaluating the efficacy of BCSR on soil biological and physical properties are lacking. This 6-yr field study evaluated the effects of changing soil calcium/magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratios on organic corn ( Zea mays L.) and soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] yields and comprehensive soil health properties at two sites in Ohio with contrasting soils. Three soil amendments—(a) control, (b) gypsum (calcium sulfate), and (c) epsom (magnesium sulfate)—were applied to drive soil Ca and Mg levels in opposite directions. Amendment application resulted in soil Ca/Mg ratios 1.6 and 2.5 times higher in gypsum soils relative to epsom soils. Soil biological health, measured by permanganate oxidizable carbon, mineralizable carbon, and soil protein, was not affected by either gypsum or epsom applications. Likewise, soil physical quality measured by aggregate stability, infiltration, and penetration resistance was not significantly affected by gypsum or epsom additions at either site. Amendment application did not affect crop yields and there was no significant relationship between crop yields and the range of soil Ca/Mg ratios. Results from this study do not provide any evidence that BCSR improves soil health and organic field crop productivity.
Speciation in Nascent Markets: Collective learning through cultural and material scaffolding

The construction of market infrastructure is a key component of market formation. In this article, we explore when and how this process leads to the fragmentation of a nascent market. We study the emergence of new markets in the context of social and impact investing in the United Kingdom during the period 1999 to 2019. We identify a recursive process of building the cultural and material infrastructure of the market, which we label cultural and material scaffolding, that drives collective learning by envisioning alternative futures and conducting institutional trials. We show how this scaffolding process explains the split between the social investment and the impact investment markets, which we theorize as market speciation. We identify two scope conditions under which we expect speciation to occur: field overlap and material anchoring. The paper contributes to the literature on market formation, and to the empirical understanding of how social and impact investment have emerged.
Modeling Retest Effects in Developmental Processes Using Latent Change Score Models

ABSTRACT Studying development processes, as they unfold over time, involves collecting repeated measures from individuals and modeling the changes over time. One methodological challenge in this type of longitudinal data is separating retest effects, due to the repeated assessments, from developmental processes such as maturation or age. In this article, we describe several specifications of latent change score models using age as the underlying time metric and include parameters to account for retest effects. We illustrate the models with data on fluid reasoning collected from children and adolescents in a cohort-sequential design ranging from 6 to 20 years. Our models include alternative approaches to specify retest effects at the structural or measurement level of the model, and as an observed or a latent covariate. We discuss the benefits and limitations of the different approaches for univariate and multivariate data in the context of studying developmental processes.
Modifications of bound states in dense plasma environments.

Electronic bound states in dense plasmas are modified, due to screening of ionic potentials by nearby free charge carriers. In particular, screening typically reduces the ionization energies of bound electrons. In this thesis, we explore the key physics underlying bound state modifications and ionization energies in dense plasmas. A theoretical framework is developed to study the free electrons and ion structure, and to calculate the resulting electrostatic fields in the plasma. The influence of such external fields on electronic bound states is then calculated. The framework is extended to include nonequilibrium plasmas, with populations of high-energy electrons. The screened potential around a central test ion is studied using the nonlinear Poisson equation. This approach allows different treatments for the free electrons, ions and the potential due to the central test ion to be evaluated. Quantum mechanical interactions between the bound and free electrons are found to be important in determining the screened potential, as are correlations between ions. The modified bound states are then calculated using a Hartree-Fock method, which takes into account the finite extent of bound state wavefunctions. The relationship between the modification of bound states and the modelling of x-ray scattering is also explored. We show how the modified bound state energies could be obtained from quantities that can be determined from x-ray Thomson scattering experiments. The nonlinear model is applied to an analysis of recent experiments on compressed plastics; on compressed and solid-density aluminium; and on shocked iron. These experiments had provided seemingly contradictory evidence regarding the applicability of existing screening models. The nonlinear screening model is found to partly reconcile this apparent contradiction. A screening model suitable for the treatment of nonequilibrium systems is applied to a model distribution function. The resulting ionization energies are found to be insensitive to the shape of the high-energy part of the distribution function. However, the role of hot electrons as an energy sink is found to be important in modelling screening in nonequilibrium systems. The presence of hot electrons reduces the bulk temperature relative to an equilibrium system, resulting in stronger screening overall.
Random Forest Classifier untuk Deteksi Penderita COVID-19 berbasis Citra CT Scan

Covid-19 merupakan virus yang menyebar dan meluas sehingga berubah menjadi suatu pandemi. Virus Covid-19 menyerang melalui organ vital manusia yaitu paru-patu, oleh karena itu peneliti lebih berfokus untuk mengidentifikasi Covid-19 pada paru-paru. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan citra CT Scan paru-paru dan bertujuan untuk mendeteksi ada tidaknya virus dengan cara mengklasifikasikan citra Covid-19 ke dalam tiga kelas menggunakan algoritma Random Forest serta mengkombinasikannya dengan menyertakan beberapa ekstraksi fitur yaitu Haralick, Color Histogram, dan Hu-Moments. Penelitian dimulai dengan hanya memasukkan satu fitur ke dalam percobaan, lalu mengkombinasikan dengan fitur yang lain, kemudian membandingkannya menggunakan klasifikasi oleh algoritma lain seperti K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), dan Naive Bayes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akurasi tertinggi dihasilkan oleh algoritma Random Forest dengan memasukkan fitur Haralick dan Color Histogram ke dalam proses yaitu sebesar 96,9%, diikuti oleh KNN sebesar 96,5%, Decision Tree sebesar 95,5%, dan yang paling rendah yaitu Naive Bayes sebesar 42,4%
How Venture Capital Firms Choose Syndication Partners: The Moderating Effects of Institutional Uncertainty and Investment Preference

ABSTRACT This study investigates how venture capital firms (VCs) choose syndication partners. Exponential random graph models of Chinese VC syndication networks from 2006 to 2013 show that the homophily mechanism does not always determine VCs’ partner selection. In selecting partners, VCs have to strike a balance between reducing uncertainty and mobilizing heterogeneous resources. Therefore, decisions about partners depend on institutional uncertainty and VCs’ investment preferences. While VCs that focus on traditional business in an immature market are more likely to form homogeneous syndications, their peers that prefer to invest in innovative companies and that can rely on a stable market tend to syndicate with heterogeneous partners. 摘要 本研究关注风险投资公司如何选择联合投资伙伴。 通过对中国风险投资公司从2006年到2013年的联合投资网络建立指数随机图模型，我们发现风险投资并不总是选择同质性的联合投资伙伴。 在选择合作伙伴时，风险投资公司需要在减少不确定性和调动异质性资源之间寻找平衡。 联合投资伙伴的选择取决于制度的不确定性和风险投资的投资偏好。 制度不确定性高时，投资传统业务的风险投资更可能选择同质的联合投资伙伴，制度不确定性低时，倾向于投资创新企业的风险投资更可能选择异质的联合投资伙伴。 АННОТАЦИЯ Это исследование изучает, как венчурные компании (ВК) выбирают партнеров для объединения в синдикаты. Методы экспоненциальных случайных графов для моделирования сетей синдикации китайских венчурных компаний в период с 2006 по 2013 годов показывают, что механизм гомогенности не всегда определяет выбор партнеров для венчурных компаний. При выборе партнеров венчурные компании должны соблюдать баланс между снижением степени неопределенности и мобилизацией разнообразных ресурсов. Следовательно, решения о выборе партнеров зависят от институциональной неопределенности и инвестиционных преференций венчурных компаний. В то время как венчурные компании, которые сосредоточены на традиционном бизнесе на незрелом рынке, с большей вероятностью образуют однородные синдикаты, их коллеги, которые предпочитают инвестировать в инновационные компании и могут полагаться на стабильный рынок, как правило, объединяются в синдикаты с разнородными партнерами. RESUMEN Este estudio investiga cómo las empresas de capital de riesgo (VCs por sus iniciales en inglés) eligen sus socios de sindicación. Los modelos grafos aleatorios de las redes de sindicación de empresas de capital de riesgo chinas entre el 2006 y el 2013 muestran que los mecanismos de homofilia no siempre determinan la selección de socios por parte de las empresas de capital de riesgo. En la selección de socios las empresas de capital de riesgo tienen que encontrar un equilibrio entre reducir la incertidumbre y la movilización de recursos heterogéneos. Mientras que las empresas de capital de riesgo que se enfocan en negocios tradicionales en un mercado inmaduro son más propensas a formar sindicaciones homogéneas, sus pares que prefieren invertir en compañías innovadoras y que pueden confiar en un mercado estable tienden a sindicarse con socios heterogéneos.
Intelligent Control Systems in Urban Planning Conflicts: Social Media Users’ Perception

The relevance of this study is determined by the need to develop technologies for effective urban systems management and resolution of urban planning conflicts. The paper presents an algorithm for analyzing urban planning conflicts. The material for the study was data from social networks, microblogging, blogs, instant messaging, forums, reviews, video hosting services, thematic portals, online media, print media and TV related to the construction of the North-Eastern Chord (NEC) in Moscow (RF). To analyze the content of social media, a multimodal approach was used. The paper presents the results of research on the development of methods and approaches for constructing mathematical and neural network models for analyzing the social media users’ perceptions based on their digital footprints. Artificial neural networks, differential equations, and mathematical statistics were involved in building the models. Differential equations of dynamic systems were based on observations enabled by machine learning. Mathematical models were developed to quickly detect, prevent, and address conflicts in urban planning in order to manage urban systems efficiently. In combination with mathematical and neural network model the developed approaches, made it possible to draw a conclusion about the tense situation around the construction of the NEC, identify complaints of residents to constructors and city authorities, and propose recommendations to resolve and prevent conflicts. Research data could be of use in solving similar problems in sociology, ecology, and economics.
Aerodynamic Shape Optimization for Unsteady Flows With Application to Laminar Flows

An aerodynamic shape optimization framework for unsteady flow is applied to a range of twoand three-dimensional laminar flows. The shape optimization framework uses freeform deformation for geometry control with an underlying B-spline surface parameterization integrated with an efficient mesh deformation method. The mesh deformation is based on the linear elasticity method applied to a B-spline control volume parameterization of the mesh. A parallel implicit Newton-Krylov algorithm is used to solve the discretized flow equations and the discrete adjoint methodology is applied to both the flow and the mesh-movement algorithms to compute the gradient. For the two-dimensional studies, we consider three objectives based on the mean aerodynamic quantities: lift-constrained drag minimization, lift-to-drag ratio maximization, and lift maximization. For the drag minimization and lift-todrag ratio maximization problems, the optimizer improved the performance of the baseline airfoil primarily by keeping the flow on the upper surface attached as long as possible and also pushing the camber towards the trailing edge to increase or maintain the lift coefficient. The optimizer improved the drag minimization objective by more than 20% and the lift-to-drag ratio maximization objective by about 50% for roughly the same initial drag. We also investigate the impact of design variable scaling on the convergence of the lift-maximization problem. For the three-dimensional studies, we consider a minimization of mean drag at a fixed mean lift, and we allow section shape, aerodynamic twist about the quarter-chord, and the chord length to vary along the span of the wing. The optimizer exploits all of the geometric freedom given to improve the design objective while satisfying the constraints imposed and produces some non-intuitive geometric changes, especially with respect to the wing planform.
Recent advances in printable carbon nanotube transistors for large-area active matrices

Active-matrices serve as the backplane circuitry for large-area display technologies and distributed sensors. Recently, there has been significant interest in developing flexible, additively manufactured active matrices for the burgeoning flexible electronics industry. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are prime candidate materials for semiconducting elements of transistors due to their solution processability, carrier mobility, and mechanical flexibility. There have been many recent accomplishments in the development of CNT inks and in their deposition via printing that enable their use in thin-film transistors (TFTs), and their appropriate performance make them suitable for use in large-area active matrices. In this review, we provide an overview of the field, with a specific focus on recent advancements in CNT sorting, ink preparation, and printing techniques. We also provide a benchmarking study of printed CNT devices presented in literature after 2017. Next, we discuss printable CNT-TFTs used for active-matrix applications. Finally, we provide a concluding perspective on the outlook and challenges for printed CNT-TFT active matrices.
EVOLVING DROPLET DYNAMICS DURING VIOLENT EXPIRATORY EVENTS AT VARIOUS AMBIENT ENVIRONMENTS

In this paper we use simulation techniques to provide new insight into the effect ambient temperature and humidity have on the evolving size and temporal dynamics of the droplets exhaled during coughing and sneezing. Four different temperatures were investigated corresponding to various weather conditions ranging from moderate (T=16C and 25C) to more extreme conditions (T=4C and 45C with a relative humidity of 30\% and 60\%). Numerical observations show that regardless of the ambient temperature, the travelled distance of the droplets in sneezing is longer (2.5m) than in coughing (2m). Current WHO guidelines indicate 1.8 m social distancing which might not be thus adequate. We demonstrate-for the first time- that evaporation depends on the gradient of the exhaled air temperature and the surrounding air rather than the ambient temperature itself. Larger droplets are more affected by the ambient conditions since due to gravity leave quicker the exhaled air cloud. Smaller ones are trapped longer to the exhaled air and evaporate quickly due to body temperature initial conditions. An additional important finding is that in both events, the droplet clouds evolve towards lower Stokes numbers supporting the hypothesis for increased aerosol transmission risk as time proceeds. Our work contributes to the better mapping of the droplet sizes and transmission route offering information hard to acquire experimentally for their dynamics in different times. These results help to guide public health policies to reduce the transmission of respiratory diseases, confirming the importance of social distancing to prevent them.
Introducing ‘Concept Question’ writing assignments into upper-level engineering courses

ABSTRACT In this paper, we introduce ‘Concept Questions,’ a weekly writing assignment that has been incorporated into multiple upper-level engineering courses at a single university with the intent of enhancing students’ conceptual understanding of the course content. To explore the influence of this activity on students in these courses, we compared students’ scores on the Concept Question assignments with their final exam scores, analysed students’ open-ended responses to questions regarding their learning in the course, and surveyed students who had taken these courses in previous semesters to understand how the Concept Question assignments may have influenced their learning approaches in subsequent courses. Our analysis revealed that students highlighted a variety of learning outcomes from the Concept Questions assignments and their performance on the assignments was correlated with their final exam scores. However, most students did not report that these assignments had changed their learning approaches overall. This paper supports prior work suggesting that such assignments can be helpful in individual engineering courses, but further work is needed to explore student learning across courses.
A Voltammetric Sensory System for Recognition of Propranolol Enantiomers Based on Glassy Carbon Electrodes Modified by Polyarylenephthalide Composites of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid

An enantioselective voltammetric sensory system based on glassy carbon electrodes modified by polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid using chemometric method principal component analysis for the recognition of propranolol enantiomers was developed. It is shown that glassy carbon electrodes modified by polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid exhibit the properties of enantioselective sensors. The molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction processes of propranolol enantiomers with polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid show that the differences between the voltammograms of propranolol enantiomers on such electrodes are due to differences in the energy of hydrogen bonds formation between enantiomeric molecules and supramolecules of melamine and cyanuric acid. This is reflected not only in the characteristics and shape of the voltammograms, but also in the sensitivity of the electrodes, with respect to the propranolol enantiomers. The possibilities of the sensory system for express recognition of R- and S-propranolol are considered. The recognition of these enantiomers by the registered voltammograms on two glassy carbon electrodes modified by polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid allows to increase significantly the percentage of correctly recognised samples in comparison with the registration of voltammograms on only one electrode.
of Materials Chemistry A

Halide perovskite solar cells can combine high photoconversion efficiency with high transmittance. Herein, we developed an innovative vacuum deposition method to prepare CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 ) thin film for semitransparent perovskite solar cells. The method applies a two steps Low-Vacuum Proximity-Space-Effusion (LV-PSE) under low vacuum conditions to produce high-quality thin layers of phase-pure