Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting adoption of dairy cattle milk production technologies in Mosop Sub County, 
Nandi County, Kenya

The study was carried out with the specific objective of analyzing the socio-economic factors affecting adoption of dairy cattle milk production technologies by smallholder dairy farmers in Mosop Sub County, Nandi County, Kenya. The study was guided by Innovation Diffusion Theory and descriptive research design was used. Cluster sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to collect data from a sample of 198 smallholder dairy farmers, 70 large scale dairy farmers and 30 extension staff. To estimate the survey data, multivariate probit regression model was used. Descriptive statistics results revealed that 90% of smallholder dairy farmers were male-headed with 16.8 years of farming experience. Multivariate probit regression results showed that an increase in education level of the household head increased the marginal effect of adopting milking equipment by 7.5 percentage points. Results further revealed that a unit increase in the years of experience in dairy farming by the dairy farmers’ household head resulted in a decrease in the marginal effect of adopting the vaccination regime by 24 percentage points, whereas gender of the household head increased the marginal probability of adopting milk equipment technologies by 56 percentage points. Male gender of the household head also increased the marginal effect probability of adopting dairy cattle vaccination regime technologies by 103 percentage points. Therefore, farmer to farmer exchange visits needs to be strengthened, introduction of farmers’ mentorship programmes and revamping of extension service are paramount for technology adoption. Consequently, the county and national governments and their agencies should come up with strategies that would enhance the capacities of the dairy farmers so that they can continue appreciating new dairy cattle milk production technologies. Key words: Dairy cattle milk production technologies, smallholder dairy farmers, multivariate probit regression.
Contract Farming and Production Constraints: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Benin*

In recent decades contract farming has emerged as a popular mechanism to encourage vertical coordination in developing country agriculture. The goal of such coordination is to better integrate smallholder farmers into the modern agricultural food system, fostering rural transformation. We use panel data from a randomized control trial to quantify the impact of different contract attributes on rural transformation and welfare of smallholder rice farmers in Benin. We vary the terms of contract, with some farmers being offered a contract that only guarantees a price, while other contracts add extension training or input loans. While all three types of contracts had positive and significant effects, we find that contracts which only included an agreement on price had nearly as large of an impact as did contracts with additional attributes. This suggests that once price uncertainty is resolved, farmers are able to address other constraints on their own. JEL codes: C93, L14, O13, Q12
Determination of Botanic Origins, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Bee Pollen Collected from the Bilecik Province

Plant pollen is one of the main nutritional sources of honey bees, which has high protein content. Honey bees collect plant pollen during flower visits and bring it back to the hive. Due to its high nutritional content, bee pollen, which has many therapeutic effects, is also used as an important food supplement in human nutrition. Because of this, pollen traps are attached to the hive enterance and the pollen loads from honey bee legs are collected and provided for human consumption. The content of bee pollen varies mainly depending on botanical origin, climate, geographical characteristics, and type of bee collecting it. In this study, the total phenolic and flavonoid content of bee pollen samples, collected from 5 different regions of the Bilecik province, were determined and compared. As a result, it was found that bee pollen samples contained 19 families and 28 different plant taxa. The Fabaceae family was the most dominant, except for one region.
Molecules and indoor atmospheric effect of rosewood: Dalbergia granadillo

Dalbergia granadillo’s human health components were studied using PY-GC-MS, TDS-GC-MS, and GC-MS. The composition of known human health functions was studied by reviewing available literature. The 7-Methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-olacetate has the effect of removing heat and relieving cough in the human body and effectively treat both dry cough and sore throat caused by fire; 1,2-Benzene dicar boxy licacid, bis (2-methyl propyl) ester hasacertainanti-cancer activity, pharmaceutical applications can be used for the synthesis of cancer drugs.
Analysing biographical differences on employees' perception of safety control measures with special emphasis on the cost thereof at a colliery

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to determine whether biographical differences influence employees’ perception on safety control measures and the cost thereof. A quantitative research approach was followed for which data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire from 151 employees at a colliery in South Africa. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the employees’ perceptions into nine factors. This was followed by an analysis of means using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests to determine differences between perceptions of these factors and the biographical groupings of the employees. Five biographical variables were included, namely (i) years of experience, (ii) English proficiency, (iii) qualification, (iv) gender, and (v) designation. Within a meta-theoretical conceptual scope, a cross-sectional analysis revealed the following statistically significant perception differences: Firstly, from a biographical variable view, English proficiency groupings differ significantly among six of the nine factors. Secondly, from a factor classification view, both direct and indirect cost of work accidents/injuries and perceptions in relation to direct and indirect cost of an unsafe work environment differ significantly in three biographical variables, namely years of experience, English proficiency and qualification. To be more specific, the most experienced group (21+ years’ of experience), the poor/fair, and even to a lesser extent, the good English proficiency groups and the group with no tertiary training should be educated especially about the effect that work accidents, injuries and an unsafe work environment have on the direct and indirect costs of the colliery. The study recommend that the employees with higher qualifications, excellent English proficiency as well as those with relatively fewer years of experience should do higher risk jobs as they are more receptive to safety rules and procedures.Keywords: Biographical factors, colliery, mine, production costs, safety controls
Hedonic and Utilitarian Orientation towards the Purchase Intention of Laptop; the Mediating Effect of Information Quality. An Empirical Study of Ghana

In our diurnal cycles, a purchase is performed all the time and at this instant, we are always forced to reflect for a second to choose between two main product types being utilitarian and hedonic. Utilitarian products being practical, functional, and instrumental to satisfy the individuals "needs" whereas hedonic products are accompanied by sensational and experiential effects to satisfy the individuals "wants". Previous studies have over the years has revealed that there is always a hint of a quilt when the product to be purchased is hedonic or has hedonic characteristics as compared to products with utilitarian attributes. This research seeks to investigates the effect of information quality (i.e., that is a selected different dimension of information quality being completeness, concise representation, consistent representation and free from error given to a potential customer before a purchase is made) which will be in favor of hedonic or utilitarian products. The process in which consumers selecting themselves on whether to purchase the two laptop concepts being Conovo laptop " Hedonic product in this scenario" or the Maximus laptop " Utilitarian product" after the observation of a manipulated detailed specifications of each product. Laptop concepts were used in this study to do away with any bias associated with any distinct laptop brand.
On-farm evaluation of three strains of Lactobacillus sp. based probiotics on the hematology and serum lipid profile of local toms

A 16-week study was conducted to determine the effect of three strains of Lactobacillus sp based probiotics on hematological indices and serum lipid profile of local toms. A total of 80-day-old local male poults were randomly assigned to four treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T4) in a completely randomized design with 20 birds per treatment. Three strains of Lactobacillus namely L. delbrueckii sub sp. bulgaricus , L. acidophilus and L. sporogens were incorporated in the drinking water of T2, T3, and T4 respectively at 0.5 ml/L. T1 served as control. Each treatment was replicated twice with 10 birds per replicate. Feed and water were provided ad libitum . Results showed that the effect of the different strains of Lactobacillus sp. on hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, serum triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins and low-density lipoproteins were significant ( p < 0.05). Birds on probiotics inclusion had least values for white blood cell counts, low-density lipoproteins, cholesterol and serum triglycerides with T4 recording the most superior values. It was thus concluded that of the three strains of Lactobacillus sp based probiotics used in the study, Lactobacillus sporogens was observed to support superior hematological values with reduced lipid profiles. Keywords: direct-fed microbials, fat accretion, health status, Lactobacillus sp. , turkey production
Design of a Smart Sole with Advanced Fall Detection Algorithm

Fall has become the second leading cause of unintentional injury, death, after road traffic injuries, for the elderly in Europe. This proportion will increase in the next decades and become more than ever a real public health issue. France was selected by the World Health Organization to be the first country to implement a program that reduces the coverage of the dependence. Commercial automatic fall detection devices can help seniors get back on their feet faster by reducing the time of emergency procedure. Many seniors do not take advantage of this potentially life-saving technology mainly because of intrusiveness constraints. After having reminded the context and the challenges of fall detection systems, this paper presents an original device which is unobtrusive, comfortable and very effective. The hardware architecture embedded into the sole and a new fall detection algorithm based on acceleration and time thresholds are presented. The algorithm introduces a new concept of differential acceleration to eliminate some drawbacks of current systems. Tests were carried out under real life conditions by 6 young participants for different ADLs. The data were analyzed blindly. We compared the detected falls and found a 100% sensibility and more than 93% sensitivity for all participants and scenarios.
Coupled optimization of macroscopic structures and lattice infill

This article is concerned with the coupled optimization of the external boundary of a structure and its infill made of some graded lattice material. The lattice material is made of a periodic cell, macroscopically modulated and oriented. The external boundary may be coated by a layer of pure material with a fixed prescribed thickness. The infill is optimized by the homogenization method while the macroscopic shape is geometrically optimized by the Hadamard method of shape sensitivity. A first original feature of the proposed approach is that the infill material follows the displacement on the exterior boundary during the geometric optimization step. A second key feature is the dehomogenization or projection step which build a smoothly varying lattice infill from the optimal homogenized properties. Several numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of our approach in 2‐d, which is especially convenient when considering design‐dependent loads.
Long information design

We analyze information design games between two designers with opposite preferences and a single agent. Before the agent makes a decision, designers repeatedly disclose public information about persistent state parameters. Disclosure continues until no designer wishes to reveal further information. We consider environments with general constraints on feasible information disclosure policies. Our main results characterize equilibrium payoffs and strategies of this long information design game and compare them with the equilibrium outcomes of games where designers move only at a single predetermined period. When information disclosure policies are unconstrained, we show that at equilibrium in the long game, information is revealed right away in a single period; otherwise, the number of periods in which information is disclosed might be unbounded. As an application, we study a competition in product demonstration and show that more information is revealed if each designer could disclose information at a predetermined period. The format that provides the buyer with most information is the sequential game where the last mover is the ex ante favorite seller.
Velocity and charge of the nanoparticles produced by a gas aggregation cluster source

A simple and compact gas aggregation cluster and nanoparticle source based on a planar magnetron (Haberland type) without mass separation was designed and characterized. Size, speed and charge of nanoparticles have been determined using combination of TEM micrographs, electrostatic deflection setup and numeric modelling. Using the electrostatics model and the TEM micrographs, the velocity of particles was experimentally found to be 30-200 m.s -1 in dependence on their size, in an agreement with the simulations. The charging of nanoparticles was modelled. It was found that the most of the initial charge of the particle is lost in the afterglow part of the plasma, in general agreement with experiment.
Social Agents for Teamwork and Group Interactions

This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 19411 “Social Agents for Teamwork and Group Interactions”. It summarises the three talks that were held during the seminar on three diﬀerent perspectives: the impact of robots in human teamwork, mechanisms to support group interactions in virtual settings, and aﬀect analysis in human-robot group settings. It also details the considerations of six working groups covering the following topics: datasets, design, team dynamics, social cognition, scenarios
Active Preference Elicitation via Adjustable Robust Optimization

We consider the problem faced by a recommender system which seeks to offer a user with unknown preferences an item. Before making a recommendation, the system has the opportunity to elicit the user's preferences by making queries. Each query corresponds to a pairwise comparison between items. We take the point of view of either a risk averse or regret averse recommender system which only possess set-based information on the user utility function. We investigate: a) an offline elicitation setting, where all queries are made at once, and b) an online elicitation setting, where queries are selected sequentially over time. We propose exact robust optimization formulations of these problems which integrate the elicitation and recommendation phases and study the complexity of these problems. For the offline case, where the problem takes the form of a two-stage robust optimization problem with decision-dependent information discovery, we provide an enumeration-based algorithm and also an equivalent reformulation in the form of a mixed-binary linear program which we solve via column-and-constraint generation. For the online setting, where the problem takes the form of a multi-stage robust optimization problem with decision-dependent information discovery, we propose a conservative solution approach. We evaluate the performance of our methods on both synthetic data and real data from the Homeless Management Information System. We simulate elicitation of the preferences of policy-makers in terms of characteristics of housing allocation policies to better match individuals experiencing homelessness to scarce housing resources. Our framework is shown to outperform the state-of-the-art techniques from the literature.
Robot vision application on embedded vision implementation with digital signal processor

The great development of robot vision represented by deep learning places urgent demands on embedded vision implementation. This article introduces a hardware framework for implementation of embedded vision based on digital signal processor, which can be widely used in robot vision applications. Firstly, the article discusses implementation of a pretrained typical convolutional neural network on the digital signal processor embedded system for real-time handwritten digit recognition. Then, the article introduces the migration of OpenCV software packages to digital signal processor embedded system and the implementation flow of face detection algorithms with OpenCV on digital signal processor. The experimental results are remarkable with convolutional neural networks for handwritten digit recognition. This article provides a convenient and feasible design scheme of digital signal processor system for implementation of embedded vision.
Extended singular robust inverse solution of redundant serial manipulators

We propose the use of a damping matrix β to replace the unified damping coefficient λ in the singular robust inverse method, allowing for adjustment of the manipulator’s singularity for different joints separately. In addition, the correction coefficient matrix α is employed to eliminate the Jacobian matrix approximation error, which usually exists in the iterative control solving process; the extended singular robust inverse method is thereby proposed. This article contains analyses of the singularities caused by three methods and how they result in larger values of the manipulator terminal error and joint angular velocity; additionally, the semi-empirical selection principles of β and α are given. The stability of the proposed method is investigated with the Lyapunov stability criteria, and its effectiveness is verified for spatial linear and curve trajectories with 7-axis and 10-axis redundant serial manipulators. The simulation results show that the proposed method exhibits improved optimization performance and stability, and the terminal error is stable and within the allowable range. The least singular value is larger and the joint angular velocity is the lowest, which is the expected outcome. Furthermore, the simulation results for the 10-axis manipulator also indicate the generality of the proposed method.
An enhanced media ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption algorithm on media cloud

With the development of cloud computing, more and more video services are moving to the cloud. How to realize fine-grained access control of those data on cloud becomes an urgent problem. Attribute-based encryption provides a solution. However, heavy computation is still a bottleneck restricting the wider application of attribute-based encryption in cloud computing. In addition, we find that expression of the access control structure on media cloud can be further improved. To solve these problems, we propose an enhanced media ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption algorithm and introduce its two key components, the multiple access tree and the key chain. To increase the scalability of the proposed algorithm, we discussed the issues of multi-authorization, user revocation, and 1 −n multiple access tree. Security analysis shows that enhanced media ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption can successfully resist chosen-plaintext attacks under the decisional bilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption. Performance analysis proves both theoretically and practically that the proposed algorithm incurs less computational cost than the traditional ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption, multi-message ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption, and scalable ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption by optimizing the access control structure. Our proposed algorithm has strong practical significance in media cloud.
Building semantic grid maps for domestic robot navigation

This article proposes a semantic grid mapping method for domestic robot navigation. Occupancy grid maps are sufficient for mobile robots to complete point-to-point navigation tasks in 2-D small-scale environments. However, when used in the real domestic scene, grid maps are lack of semantic information for end users to specify navigation tasks conveniently. Semantic grid maps, enhancing the occupancy grid map with the semantics of objects and rooms, endowing the robots with the capacity of robust navigation skills and human-friendly operation modes, are thus proposed to overcome this limitation. In our method, an object semantic grid map is built with low-cost sonar and binocular stereovision sensors by correctly fusing the occupancy grid map and object point clouds. Topological spaces of each object are defined to make robots autonomously select navigation destinations. Based on the domestic common sense of the relationship between rooms and objects, topological segmentation is used to get room semantics. Our method is evaluated in a real homelike environment, and the results show that the generated map is at a satisfactory precision and feasible for a domestic mobile robot to complete navigation tasks commanded in natural language with a high success rate.
A real-time semantic visual SLAM approach with points and objects

Visual simultaneously localization and mapping (SLAM) is important for self-localization and environment perception of service robots, where semantic SLAM can provide a more accurate localization result and a map with abundant semantic information. In this article, we propose a real-time PO-SLAM approach with the combination of both point and object measurements. With point–point association in ORB-SLAM2, we also consider point–object association based on object segmentation and object–object association, where the object segmentation is employed by combining object detection with depth histogram. Also, besides the constraint of feature points belonging to an object, a semantic constraint of relative position invariance among objects is introduced. Accordingly, two semantic loss functions with point and object information are designed and added to the bundle adjustment optimization. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by experiments.