Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of Members of the Family Pasteurellaceae Based on Polyamine Patterns

In a study of the classification of members of the family Pasteurellaceae, the polyamine patterns of 101 strains were analyzed. These strains included the type strains of species belonging to the genera Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Pasteurella and additional strains of selected species, as well as numerous unnamed strains. Members of the genus Actinobacillus sensu stricto were characterized by the presence of 1,3-diaminopropane as the predominant compound. In the majority of the species of the genus Haemophilus sensu stricto 1,3-diaminopropane was also the major compound in the polyamine pattern. In contrast, Haemophilus intermedius subsp. gazogenes and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were characterized by high levels of 1,3-diaminopropane, cadaverine, and putrescine. These results confirmed the findings of Dewhirst et al. (F. E. Dewhirst, B. J. Paster, I. Olsen, and G. J. Fraser, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. 1 Orig. 279:35–44, 1993), who demonstrated that H. parainfluenzae is phylogenetically only distantly related to the type species of the genus Haemophilus, Haemophilus influenzae. The phylogenetic diversity of the genus Pasteurella sensu stricto determined by Dewhirst et al. was also reflected to some extent by different polyamine patterns. The common characteristics found in Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, Pasteurella stomatis, and Pasteurella sp. strain B were high levels of putrescine and spermidine and the presence of the unusual triamine sym-norspermidine. Pasteurella avium, Pasteurella gallinarum, and Pasteurella volantium contained high concentrations of 1,3-diaminopropane and spermidine. Pasteurella langaa contained only high concentrations of 1,3-diaminopropane, and Pasteurella anatis was characterized by the presence of 1,3-diaminopropane as the predominant compound and high levels of putrescine and spermidine. Our data demonstrate that polyamine patterns are useful for discrimination within the family Pasteurellaceae.
Characterization of I k B a , Rab 21 and Rac 2 as Innate Immune Genes during Infection with Aeromonas hydrophila and Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in Crucian Carp Carassius auratus gibelio

Ik Ba (NF-k B inhibitor), Rab21 (Rab GTPase), and Rac2 (smal GTP binding protein) play important roles in innate immunity. Previously, they were identified as diferentialy expressed immunerelated genes in crucian carp Carassius auratus gibelio infected with Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) through suppression subtractive hybridization. Here, ful-length Ik Ba, Rab21 and Rac2 cDNAs cloned from crucian carp showed high homologies with transcripts in other bony fish. These genes, usualy expressed at low levels in al the examined crucian carp tissues, were significantly upregulated in kidneys from 6–24 h post-infection with CyHV-2 (P < 0.01) and from 6–72 h post-infection with A. hydrophila (P < 0.01). Thus, Ik Ba, Rab21 and Rac2 were involved in innate immunity to infection with CyHV-2 and A. hydrophila. The expression levels of Ik Ba and Rab21 in survived fish with viral infection were significantly higher than those in susceptible fish that had died from infection, but similar levels of Rac2 were observed in samples of surviving fish and moribund fish. These data suggested that crucian carp Ik Ba, Rab21, and Rac2 should share the same innate immune response to pathogen chalenge with their mammalian homologues, and the diferential expression level of Ik Ba and Rab21 between acute and chronic infection marked these two immune genes as markers for diferent infection outcomes.
Seasonal Abundance of Blow Flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Three Urban Parks of Bangkok, Thailand

Designing effective management programs for insect vectors of human and livestock diseases requires knowledge of the species composition and seasonal abundance of the vectors. The seasonality of blow fl ies was assessed throughout 1 yr with baited traps in three tropical, urban parks in Bangkok, Thailand. A total of 11,625 blow fl ies were captured and identifi ed, consisting of fi ve species from three genera—Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (73.37%), C. rufi facies (Macquart) (22.96%), Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann) (3.27%), C. nigripes Aubertin (0.38%) and Phumosia indica (Surcouf) (0.03%). More females were collected than males with a ratio of 2.9:1, respectively. Abundance of the two most common species showed a trimodal pattern with peaks in January, September and June and the three most common species occurred in baited fl y traps throughout the year. The greatest number of C. megacephala was captured in January while C. rufi facies peaked in September. Hemipyrellia ligurriens was more abundant during June to October. Abundance levels of the two most common species were negatively correlated with the temperature and relative humidity.
Pharmacologyonline 2 : 601-628 ( 2010 ) ewsletter

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the major causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide of great concern for TB control is the emergence of drug resistance. Since there is no cure for some multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, there is concern that they may spread around the world, stressing the need for additional control measures, such as new diagnostics, better drugs for treatment, and a more effective vaccine. Pulmonary TB can be diagnosed by its symptoms, chest radiography, and sputum smear microscopy and by cultivation of M. tuberculosis, which is considered as the gold standard. Recent advances in molecular biology and molecular epidemiology, and a better understanding of the molecular basis of drug resistance in TB, have provided new tools for rapid diagnosis; however, the high cost of most of these techniques, and their requirement for sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel have precluded their implementation on a routine basis, especially in low-income countries. Other nonconventional diagnostic approaches proposed include the search for biochemical markers, detection of immunological response and early detection of M. tuberculosis by methods other than colony counting. In the present article, some of these approaches will be reviewed and the feasibility for their implementation in diagnostic laboratories will be discussed.
An Improved Multistage Variable-Step MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic System

This paper presents an improved multistage variable-step incremental conductance method to achieve the maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Compared with the traditional variable-step incremental conductance method, this improved algorithm optimizes the selection of the step size so that the tracking of the maximum power point is more quickly and the steady-state performance is better. Furthermore, the algorithm can still guarantee the quickness and accuracy of MPPT when the environmental conditions change suddenly and tremendously. At last, matlab simulation was applied to compare the characteristics of multistage variable-step algorithm with that of the other. And the simulation results verified that the improved algorithm has better dynamic and steady-state performance.
As a Matter of Factions: The Budgetary Implications of Shifting Factional Control in Japan’s LDP

For 38 years, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) maintained single-party control over the Japanese government. This lack of partisan turnover in government has frustrated attempts to explain Japanese government policy changes using political variables. In this paper, we look for intraparty changes that may have led to changes in Japanese budgetary policy. Using a simple model of agenda-setting, we hypothesize that changes in which intraparty factions "control" the LDP affect the party's decisions over spending priorities systematically. This runs contrary to the received wisdom in the voluminous literature on LDP factions, which asserts that factions, whatever their raison d'etre, do not exhibit different policy preferences. We find that strong correlations do exist between which factions comprise the agenda-setting party "mainstream" and how the government allocates spending across pork-barrel and public goods items.
Towards a Linguistically-Oriented Textual Entailment Test-Suite for Polish Based on the Semantic Syntax Approach

Towards a Linguistically-Oriented Textual Entailment Test-Suite for Polish Based on the Semantic Syntax Approach The aim of this programmatic position paper is to show that the semantic syntax tradition of Polish linguistics associated with the name of Stanislaw Karolak may be a basis for the development of a taxonomy of entailment types and a corresponding test-suite of entailment examples. The article also puts forward some initial desiderata for such a test-suite.
Extracting XML data from HTML repositories

There is a vast amount of valuable information in HTML documents, widely distributed across the World Wide Web and across corporate intranets. Unfortunately, HTML is mainly presentation oriented and hard to query. While XML is becoming a standard for online data representation and exchange, there is a huge amount of legacy HTML data containing potentially untapped information. We develop a system to extract desired information (records) from thousands of HTML documents, starting from a small set of examples. Duplicates in the result are automatically detected and eliminated. The result is automatically converted to XML. We propose a novel method to estimate the current coverage of results by the system, based on capture-recapture models with unequal capture probabilities. We also propose techniques for estimating the error rate of the extracted information and an interactive technique for enhancing information quality. To evaluate the method and ideas proposed in this paper, we conduct an extensive set of experiments. The experimental results validate the effectiveness and utility of our system, and demonstrate interesting tradeoffs between running time of information extraction and coverage of results.
Factors that affect cycling transportation mode for Postgraduate Students atUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia by logit method

The main aim of this study is to investigate the factors that affect cycling transportation mode and give suggestions to encourage students to use these facilities to decrease the use of motorized transportation. Firstly we chose the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) campus as an example for our study which focused on shifting from motorized transport to non-motorized especially to cycling transport. Our study involved conducting a survey on postgraduate students at 1st semester (2013-2014). A total of 169 questionnaires were distributed personally inside the campus and interviews were done with the students. Our survey showed that the majority of postgraduate students were tending to use car with percentage of 45.5% and 38.4% prefer using the bus followed by 12.4% using motorcycle and the least percentage using bicycles with percentage of 3.5%. The most effective factor in shifting postgraduate students who use cars and motorcycles to use bicycles is imposing fees on parking inside UKM and limiting the space for parking. The decrease in the number of buses inside campus and imposing fees on buses have high effectiveness in switching students who use the bus to cycling transportation.
A low attenuation layer in the Earth's uppermost inner core

The attenuation structure of the Earth's inner core, in combination with the velocity structure, provides much insight into its rheological and mineralogical properties. Here, we use a large data set of PKIKP/PKiKP amplitude ratios to derive attenuation models for the upper 100 km of the inner core, incorporating the effects of velocity models calculated using the same data set. We confirm that the upper inner core is hemispherical in attenuation, with stronger attenuation in the east hemisphere. We also observe, for the first time, a low attenuation upper layer of approximately 30 km thickness throughout the top of the inner core. Attenuation increases beneath this layer, and then gradually decreases going deeper into the inner core. Although the data appear to show attenuation anisotropy below 57.5 km depth in the west, we find that this can be explained by the velocity models alone, with no requirement for attenuation anisotropy in the upper inner core.
Development of High-Grade Steel Manufacturing Technology for Mass Production at Nagoya Works

Form the beginning of 1980’s, demand for high corrosion resistance steel sheet for automobile were increased. In Nagoya Works, to satisfy these demands, development was focused on the improvement of productivity of IF(Interstitial Free) steel by improving RH decarburization performance and refining cycle time to match sequential casting. Skull removing equipments system and enlargement of snorkel diameter and introduction of preevacuation system were effective counter me sears. Second issue was the development of converter type hot metal pre-treatment system, which enabled simultaneous desiliconization and dephosphorization treatment. After that, demand for mass production of low sulphur steel for high tensile strength steel for automobile elimination of weight to match CO 2 reduction, separated process between desulphurization and dephosphorization, ORP II process, was developed. For anti-sour steel production, such as line pipe, RH desulphurization technology was developed for ultra low sulphur steel on mass production.
Schooling and Delinquency among White and African American Adolescents

Adolescent delinquency may be a likely consequence of negative school experiences, including poor academic performance, low class attendance, and dropping out. Given disparate experiences that African American and White students often encounter in school, this investigation examined the link between delinquency and school behaviors separately for White and African American males at risk for delinquency. In addition, it asked whether school experiences are equally related to both minor and more severe forms of criminal behavior. Results indicated that class attendance was related to higher incidence of both minor and serious delinquency. For African American adolescents, poor school grades and dropping out of school were predictive of both types of delinquency. The insignificant relationship between delinquency and school failure for White adolescents may be partially attributed to an economic safety net that provides assistance for White students who fall from the educational system. The importance of succeeding and persisting in school is highlighted for African American adolescents.
Review of the relationship between religion and poverty: an analysis for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation

1 This report is one of a number of evidence reviews commissioned by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF) to support their development of an antipoverty strategy for the UK. More information can be found at http://www.jrf. org.uk/work/workarea/anti-poverty-strategy 2 Centre for Social Investigation, Nuffield College, Oxford, OX1 1NF 3 CMIST, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL
Heat processing (HTST) of umbu (Spondias tuberosa Arruda Câmara) pulp.

Umbu pulp is an important product in the economy of the northeastern region of Brazil, and its preservation can be ensured by heat treatment. A complete factorial design with 2 factors (time and temperature) and 3 central points was used to verify the effect of the HTST process on the physicochemical, chemical, physical, microbiological, and sensory qualities of umbu pulps. The results showed that the heat treatments applied resulted in products without significant alterations on the physicochemical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics. With respect to color, the parameters L and a* were altered by increases in temperature indicating by darkening of color. The sensory evaluation indicated that a treatment of 88 °C for 10 seconds was the best processing condition due to the greater similarity of the resulting product to the reference sample (blanched pulp).
Transport Properties of the Azimuthal Magnetorotational Instability

The magnetorotational instability (MRI) is thought to be a powerful source of turbulence in Keplerian accretion disks. Motivated by recent laboratory experiments, we study the MRI driven by an azimuthal magnetic field in an electrically conducting fluid sheared between two concentric rotating cylinders. By adjusting the rotation rates of the cylinders, we approximate angular velocity profiles . We perform direct numerical simulations of a steep profile close to the Rayleigh line and a quasi-Keplerian profile and cover wide ranges of Reynolds ( ) and magnetic Prandtl numbers ( ). In the quasi-Keplerian case, the onset of instability depends on the magnetic Reynolds number, with , and angular momentum transport scales as in the turbulent regime. The ratio of Maxwell to Reynolds stresses is set by Rm. At the onset of instability both stresses have similar magnitude, whereas the Reynolds stress vanishes or becomes even negative as Rm increases. For the profile close to the Rayleigh line, the instability shares these properties as long as but exhibits a markedly different character if , where the onset of instability is governed by the Reynolds number, with , and transport is via Reynolds stresses and scales as Re2. At intermediate Pm = 0.01 we observe a continuous transition from one regime to the other, with a crossover at . Our results give a comprehensive picture of angular momentum transport of the MRI with an imposed azimuthal field.
Title Complete dosage compensation and sex-biased gene expression in the moth Manduca sexta Permalink

Sex chromosome dosage compensation balances homogametic sex chromosome expression with autosomal expression in the heterogametic sex, leading to sex chromosome expression parity between the sexes. If compensation is incomplete, this can lead to expression imbalance and sex-biased gene expression. Recent work has uncovered an intriguing and variable pattern of dosage compensationacross species that includesa lackofcompletedosagecompensation inZWspeciescomparedwithXYspecies.Thishas led to the hypothesis that ZW species do not require complete compensation or that complete compensation would negatively affect theirfitness.Todate,onlyonestudy,astudyof themothBombyxmori,hasdiscoveredevidenceforcompletedosagecompensation in a ZW species. We examined another moth species, Manduca sexta, using high-throughput sequencing to survey gene expression in the head tissue of males and females. We found dosage compensation to be complete in M. sexta with average expression between theZchromosome inmalesandfemalesbeingequal.Whengenesexpressedatvery lowlevelsare removedbyfiltering,wefoundthat average autosome expression was highly similar to average Z expression, suggesting that the majority of genes in M. sexta are completely dosage compensated. Further, this compensation was accompanied by sex-specific gene expression associated with important sexually dimorphic traits. We suggest that complete dosage compensation in ZW species might be more common than previouslyappreciatedand linkedtoadditional selectiveprocesses, suchassexual selection.MoreZWand lepidopteranspecies should now be examined in a phylogenetic framework, to understand the evolution of dosage compensation.
Discrete-time Integral Sliding Mode Control for Large-Scale System with Unmatched Uncertainty

This paper presented a discrete-time integral sliding mode control for a large-scale system with unmatched uncertainty. A new theorem is presented and proved that the controller is able to handle the effect of interconnection for the large-scale systems and unmatched uncertainty, and the system stability is ensured. The controller will ensure the system achieve the quasi-sliding surface and remains on it. The results showed a fast convergence to the desired value and the attenuation of disturbance is achieved.
International Portfolio Holdings and Swiss Franc Asset Returns

This paper revisits the puzzle of low returns on Swiss Franc assets using a new data set of portfolio holdings of residents and non residents at Swiss banks. The main findings are as follows. First, we find that the return anomaly is present only for fixed income assets and not for equity. Second, it is mostly due to a long run deviation from uncovered interest rate parity, not a deviation from purchasing power parity. Third, it is unlikely that foreign demand for Swiss assets (possibly due to banking secrecy) is driving down returns: This demand is quantitatively small especially for Swiss Franc fixed income instruments. A dynamic factor analysis confirms that foreign demand had almost no impact on Swiss Franc asset prices. Finally, we propose a new explanation for low returns on Swiss fixed income assets, namely the diversification benefits offered by these instruments. Applying reversed portfolio optimization to back out the implied returns reveals that the estimated pattern of this returns conforms very well with the observed pattern.
Enabling Fringe Tracking at the VLTI

Just as adaptive optics reduces the image blur induced by the atmosphere in conventional single telescope observations, Fringe Tracking, or co-phasing, reduces the blur in interferometric observations. We present the status of the VLTI after the deployment by the Interferometer Task Force of new beam quality control tools, which enabled the UTs and ATs to be co-phased, using FINITO as a fringe sensor.
The effect of protected methionine on milk yield and its composition in lactating dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets

Five muciparous Polish Red-and-White cows ( in w k 8-12 o f lactation) were assigned to a 5 x 5 Lat in square design and fed total mixed ration T M R containing grass silage and concentrates representing 58 and 42% o f dietary D M , respectively. The five treatments were dietary supplements o f protected DL-methionine (Smar tamineTM M ) fed in the fo l lowing amounts: 0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 g/d. D r y matter intake y ie ld m i l k , m i l k protein and fat, and contents o f protein, fat and lactose in m i l k were not affected by the treatments. A t the same time, N P N (%) was significantly affected (P<0.01), and protein-N and N P N (% o f total-N) responded in an opposite manner (P<0.05). O f the plasma metabolites studied ((3-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, and urea), only glucose levels were significantly (P<0.01) decreased by methionine supplementation. Plasma free methionine was significantly elevated (P<0.01) over the five treatments. In conclusion, the lack o f apparent changes in the studied responses could have been due either to a higher methionine supply than that predicted or to a lower methionine requirement than that assumed. Consequently, a consistent relationship between increasing amounts o f Smar t amineTM M (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g/d) and m i l k protein responses o f the cows, could not be described. K E Y W O R D S : dairy cow, grass silage, protected methionine, m i l k yie ld , m i l k composition Supported by the State Committee for Scientific Research, Grant N o P06E 010 10 356 PROTECTED METHIONINE FOR DAIRY COWS