Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of the Regular Pattern of Mass Spectrometry of TMS Derivatives of Sterols

The mass spectrometric fragmentation of TMS derivatives of sterols was studied and analyzed based on the mass spectrometry of the TMS derivatives of standards.The double bond numbers and the degree of the methylize,alkylize and the related position in the sterol nucleus and the side chains were confirmed by the characteristic ions.Total lipids were extracted using Bligh-Dyer method.Sterols were isolated by solvent partition with chloroform-hexane(1 ∶4,by volume),derivated by BSTFA,and analyzed by GC-MS.The regular pattern was used for identifying the sterols in a dinoflagellate from the Symbodinium sp.
Rediscovery of Andrea's keelback, Hebius andreae (Ziegler & Le, 2006): First country record for Laos and phylogenetic placement

For more than a decade, the keelback snake Hebius andreae was only known from the holotype from the limestone forest in the central Truong Son (the Annamite Mountain Range) of Quang Binh Province in Vietnam. As the adult male was formaldehyde-fixed, the description was based on morphological characters only. During recent herpetological surveys in the karst forest of central Laos, opposite to the type locality of H. andreae on the other side of the Annamite Range, the Andrea's keelback is rediscovered. Based on a juvenile male from Bualapha District, Khammouane Province, within Hin Nam No National Protected Area, we herein report the first country record of this species from Laos, provide an expanded morphological definition, and for the first time recover the phylogenetic relationship of H. andreae, based on the sequences of four genes, including one mitochondrial, cytochrome b, and three nuclear markers, Cmos, NT3, and Rag1. The phylogenetic placement of H. andreae reveals it to be a member of Hebius, in fact the most basal representative of the genus. The rediscovery of the beautiful but still poorly known and obviously rare species underlines the conservation importance of the Annamite Mountain Range as habitat and refugium for the regional unique biodiversity, which only occurs in this karst massif.
Risk factors for suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder misdiagnosed with major depressive disorder: results from a national survey in China

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a kind of mental disorder with the greatest risk of suicide, but it is often misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD) clinically. This study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic factors and clinical characteristics associated with suicide attempts (SA) in patients with BD misdiagnosed with MDD in China. Methods: A total of 1487 MDD patients were consecutively enrolled in 13 mental health centers in China. Data on patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected using a standardized protocol. Of these, 306 BD patients were misdiagnosed with MDD according to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Suicide attempters and non-attempters were classified by the suicidality module of the MINI. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between the independent variables of interest and SA in BD patients misdiagnosed with MDD. Results: Of the 306 BD patients misdiagnosed with MDD, 225 (73.5%) were non-attempters and 81 (26.5%) were attempters. Compared to non-attempters, attempters were older (Z =2.2, p = 0.03) and had more admissions(χ2 =6.1, p = 0.013), more frequent depressive episodes, more atypical characteristics (e.g. increased appetite, weight gain, and more sleep time)(χ2 = 5.8, p = 0.016), more suicidal ideation (χ2 = 27.3, p < 0.001), more psychotic symptoms (χ2 = 7.4, p = 0.006) and more seasonal depressive episodes (χ2 = 5.6, p = 0.018). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that attempters were characterized by more suicidal ideation (OR = 5.7, 95% CI: 2.6–12.5) and frequent depressive episodes (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3–4.6). The limitations of this study include its cross-sectional design and data collection by suicide attempters’ retrospective recall. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that BD patients misdiagnosed with MDD are at a higher risk of suicide, and more frequent depressive episodes and suicidal ideation are risk factors for attempted suicide. Early identification of and interventions for these risk factors might reduce the risk of suicide in BD patients misdiagnosed with MDD.
Evaluation of Knowledge Transfer in E-Learning Version 3.5 of The Pamulang University With COLLES Method

The teaching and learning process is basically a process where knowledge is transferred from teacher to student. All processes in the Knowledge that are supported by an application are called Knowledge Management System (KMS). Especially in the world of education, KMS is closely related to e-learning or online learning systems. The problem that is often faced in implementing e-learning in an institution is how to make users of the e-learning system feel comfortable, especially in order to support an effective knowledge sharing process. The purpose of this study is to know the level of comfort of students in using E-learning version 3.5 and the extent to which students use E-learning version 3.5 of the pamulang university in the Knowledge Sharing process. The method in this study, which is COLLES or Constructivist On-Line Learning Environment Survey, is a questionnaire specifically aimed at knowing the level of comfort in using the E-learning system. This method consists of 6 categories namely Relevance, Reflection, Interactivity, Tutor Support, Peer Support, Interpretation. The results of this study are that students have understood the use of e-learning. This is seen from the results of the suitability of the e-learning system to student knowledge levels. Based on the COLLES method, the process of knowledge sharing in e-learning 3.5 UNPAM has gone well.
Ripening classification of bananas (Musa acuminate) using electrical impedance spectroscopy and support vector machine

Bananas are one of the most nutritious and widely available food products in the world. An important step of the mass production of bananas ( Musa acuminate ) is determining it’s ripening stages, indicating that it is ready for consumption, and with the most concentration of important nutrients, what will not be achieved in under-ripening or over-ripening. The use of faster and easier assays to determinate the optimum ripening stage will allow the production of fruits with quality and consistence, increasing also the producer income. The industry standard for this process relies on the use of the Von Loesecke scale through visual analysis of the fruits which can result in significant discrepancies and commercial losses. Biochemical analyses can also be used but are time-consuming. The objective here is to investigate and develop a ripening classification test for bananas by using electrical impedance spectroscopy together with a support vector machine algorithm. 100 samples of bananas at 3 ripening stages were used for measuring both impedance modulus and phase of the impedance in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 1MHz. Results showed that this process is able to identify ripeness stages with 100% accuracy with low requirements for processing time. The techniques presented here might be applied in large scale production in order to make the automation process of the harvest time more reliable and profitable.
Jatropha seed cake and organic waste compost: the potential for improvement of soil fertility

Abstract Modern agriculture faces to new challenges and problems. Application of organic waste compost (Cp) and Jatropha seed cake (JSC) represents new possibilities to improve soil organic matter (SOM) and thus reduce the risk of soil degradation. Our paper presents results of laboratory experiment. Based on these results, we conclude that the application of organic substances has positive effect on soil fertility but the impact of individual substances is different. JSC has higher influence on soil properties (microbial activity and plant production) in the short term. Conversely, Cp affects soil properties in the long term. These properties are due to their chemical composition.
The INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND FUNGAL COMMUNITY ON GROWTH AND SPORULATION OF Diaporthe FROM FRUIT PLANTS

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the influence of temperature and fungi colonizing fruit plants on Diaporthe, a pathogenic fungus in Poland. The biotic series method was used to test in vitro the effects of the fungi colonizing fruit trees on isolates of Diaporthe. Among the 13 fungal species tested, six inhibited the growth and development of Diaporthe; while another two species were neutral and the rest showed the lack of limiting impact in relation to the pathogen. Fungi present in the shoots of fruit plants was able to limit the growth and development of Diaporthe spp. , both in chemically-protected and non-protected orchards. Studies on the effect of temperature indicated that the optimum temperature for vegetative growth of isolates of Diaporthe ranged from 20°C to 30°C, and for conidial sporulation from 25°C to 30°C. However, the ability of Diaporthe sp. to survive at extreme temperature (–20°C and +35°C) enables their vegetative growth in climatic conditions worldwide.
Association of serum apolipoprotein B with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease pathology in elderly adults with subjective cognitive decline

Background: The preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a key target stage for future AD prevention trials. Serum apolipoprotein, an important lipid-related factor, has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. This study was to examine whether apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1) or the ratio of ApoB and ApoA1 (ApoB/A1) were associated with early changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers in elderly adults with subjective cognitive decline.Methods: This study included 201 cognitive normal (CN) elderly adults and 101 participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from the Chinese Alzheimer’s Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) database. The Kruskall-Wallis test and Chisquare test were applied in the intergroup comparisons. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional associations of serum ApoB, ApoA1 and ApoB/A1 levels with CSF AD-related biomarkers.Results: Compared with the control group, SCD participants with significant AD biological characteristics had lower ApoB levels. In the total participants, higher level of serum ApoB was associated with increases in CSF Aβ42 (p = 0.0009) and Aβ42/40 (p = 0.0038) as well as decreases in CSF t-tau/Aβ42 (p < 0.0001) and p-tau/Aβ42 (p < 0.0001), independent of APOEɛ4 status. In the further subgroup analysis, these associations were much more significant in the SCD participants. In addition, higher levels of serum ApoB were also found associated with decreases in CSF t-tau (p = 0.0224), p-tau (p = 0.0086) and Aβ40 (p = 0.0297) in the SCD subgroup. Furthermore, we found that these protective associations between serum ApoB and CSF AD core biomarkers were much more significant in the overweight participants. Results showed no association between ApoA1 and all CSF biomarkers in either total participants or subgroups. Conclusions: This study is the first to find protective associations of serum ApoB, but not ApoA1, with CSF AD core biomarkers in elderly adults, and these associations were more significant in SCD individuals. This finding indicated that ApoB may play a protective role in the preclinical stage of AD. Identifying the underlying mechanisms may contribute to the discovery of new pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Exploring the main factors driving a satisfactory use of the Moodle platform

E-learning platforms are largely used in educational institutions around the world, in hybrid, mixed or blended learning formats. The power of those platforms has been proved extensively in the period of the global pandemic (cid:3) being used as main frameworks for offering and achieving educational services. This work is an exploratory study aiming to analyze the contribution of the perceived ease of use, usefulness, and enjoyment to the satisfaction of using a Moodle e-learning platform. To do this, a structural modeling approach has been taken. The model testing results show that perceived enjoyment was the most important factor which suggests that, apart from being usable and useful, a learning platform should be also attractive and interesting.
Keeping the faith: Receptiveness, capacity and acceptability of Islamic religious settings to deliver childhood obesity prevention intervention

Keeping the faith: Receptiveness, capacity and acceptability of Islamic religious settings to deliver childhood obesity prevention interventionBackground: Childhood obesity rates among South Asian populations in the UK are significantly high. 10% of childhood population in the UK are of South Asian origin, majority of them follow Islamic faith and attend Islamic religious settings (IRS) daily after school. IRS may be appropriate channels for obesity prevention initiatives; however there is limited evidence for this approach. Methods: Using a qualitative research methodology, we conducted 20 indepth interviews with parents of 5-11 years old children attending IRS, 20 indepth interviews with Islamic leaders, and 3 focus group discussions with 26 managers and workers of IRS in Bradford and Birmingham in the UK. The guides for interviews and focus groups, tailored to each group of participants, were developed from a literature review and prior learning from the results of other work packages in the same study. Interviews and focus group discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically. Results: IRS are receptive to delivering a childhood obesity prevention intervention. Most of them have the capacity and the delivery would be acceptable to parents of children attending these settings. All participants viewed Prophet Muhammad’s physical fitness, food and his attitude towards physical activity and maintaining healthy lifestyle as the best role model to follow. Managers and workers in IRS showed willingness to conduct physical activity sessions for South Asian boys and girls and emphasised the need to have female instructors and role models to encourage South Asian girls. Practical barriers for the intervention delivery were poor funding systems and time constraints for managers and workers. Conclusion: IRS can deliver childhood obesity prevention interventions. Interventions should be co-designed, culturally/religiously sensitive and combine the scientific guidelines on healthy living with Islamic narrative on importance of physical activity and healthy diet consumption and should involve local place-based groups for delivery.
POTENTIAL OF GROUNDWATER HARVESTING FOR MICRO IRRIGATION AND ITS WELFARE EFFECT TO HOUSEHOLDS IN KAMARINY, ELGEYO MARAKWET COUNTY, KENYA

High underground water levels in household wells during rainy season create a chance to be harvested for micro irrigation by households during dry spell. However, an opportunity to harvest groundwater from household wells has remained untapped. This study explores the potential of harvesting groundwater at household wells for micro irrigation and its possible welfare effect to households. Primary data was obtained using structured questionnaires, where systematic simple random sampling technique was used in this study. Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) were used in analysing data. The potential capacity of groundwater that could be harvested by each household and possibly used in micro irrigation is about 25 cubic metres during the wet seasons of May to September. The results on welfare effect on household if groundwater is harvested and used in micro irrigation could improve household’s income stream at 1.009 percentage point increase. Socio economic determinants such as household size, number of animals reared and size of kitchen garden was found to significantly influence household water demands at (t = 1.92, p < 0.1), (t = 1.2.7, p < 0.1) and (t = 3.75, p < 0.1) respectively. However, the random factor value in the regression model showed significant difference at (t = 1.67, p < 0.1) in influencing consumptive demands of groundwater, which explains the need to research more on other factors that influence consumptive demand on water that were beyond the scope of this study. Therefore, these findings will inform policy and decision makers on the strategies of utilising untapped groundwater supply for poverty alleviation and improved food supply to the population.
Performance of nozzle-sprayed ammonia evaporator with square-pitch plain-tube bundle

A spray evaporation experiment was conducted using commercial nozzles distributing liquid ammonia on a horizontal, 3 by 3 square pitch, 1.25 pitch ratio, plain-tube bundle composed of stainless-steel tubes of 0.75 in. (19.1 mm) diameter. The saturation temperature test range was from {minus}10 F ({minus}23 C) to 50 F (10 C), with corresponding pressure from 23.7 to 89.2 psia (164 to 615 kPa). Heat transfer coefficient data were collected within the heat flux range from 1,000 to 11,000 Btu/h{center_dot}ft{sup 2} (3.2 to 35 kW/m{sup 2}). The effects of heat flux, saturation temperature, spray flow rate, nozzle height, and nozzle type (standard angle or wide angle) were investigated. The spray evaporation heat transfer performance was compared with pool boiling heat transfer performance of the same tube bundle. A correlation was developed based on the spray evaporation experimental data.
Optimization of Microplate Toxicity Analysis Method Based on Chlorella Pyrenoidose

Taking Chlorella pyrenoidosa(CP) as an indicator organism,a 96-well microplate as an exposure carrier,and 72 h algae growth inhibition rate as a toxicity endpoint,a microplate toxicity analysis based on CP(CP-MTA) was developed.The growth curve and absorption spectra of CP were detected systematically.The linear relationship between the algal cell density and optical density at a wavelength of 683 nm was determined.The effects of initial cell density,illumination,exposure time,and exposure volume on the algae growth were examined.CP-MTA was employed to determine the growth inhibition toxicities of eight chemicals including heavy metal salts,herbicides,pesticides and ionic liquid on CP.It was found that if the pEC50 value was taken as a toxicity biomarker,the order of toxicity was:diquat CuSO4·5H2O ≈ CdCl2·2.5H2O 1-methyl-3-octyl-imidazolium chloride glyphosate 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride dichlorvos dimethoate,which is consistent with other results in the literature.CP-MTA has some advantages such as small sample volumes,convenience for parallel testing,and good repeatability due to taking a microplate as the exposure carrier.
Preparation and Quality Evaluation of Lyophilized 16-Dehydropregnenolone Liposome

Objective To optimize preparation of freeze-dried 16-dehydropregnenolone( 16-DHP) liposome and evaluate the quality. Methods The freeze-dried liposome was prepared by rotary-evaporated film-ultrasonication with lyophilization.Single factor experiments and orthogonal design were used to optimize the prescription and preparation,and the quality was evaluated. Results The optimum preparation technics were as follows: the concentration of PC-98 T was 6. 5%( W / V),the quantity ratio of PC-98 T to cholesteryl sodium sulfate salt was 4∶ 1,hydration temperature was 60 ℃,ultrasonic time was 2 min,and the cryoprotectant was 7. 5% glucose. The average particle size,Zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency were( 121. 3 ± 48. 7)nm,- 41. 9 m V and( 98. 7 ± 0. 1) %,respectively. Conclusion The formulation of freeze-dried 16-DHP liposome is reasonable,the technology is practicable and stable.
Synthesis and Characterization of Alkali-Soluble Hyperbranched Photosensitive Polysiloxane Urethane Acrylate

A novel alkali-soluble hyperbranched photosensitive polysiloxane urethane acrylate (AHBPSUA) was synthesized by using hyperbranched polyesters, hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane, dimethylolpropionic acid, isophorone diisocyanate, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate as raw materials, and its structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. It was found that AHBPSUA possessed good compatibility with a number of acrylate monomers. The effect of photoinitiators and monomers on the photopolymerization kinetics of AHBPSUA was investigated by real-time infrared spectroscopy (RT-IR). The results showed that AHBPSUA could rapidly photopolymerize under UV irradiation in the presence of a photoinitiator and the optimal concentration of the photoinitiator (Darocur 1173) was determined as 0.1 wt %. The resin of AHBPSUA with common acrylic monomers exhibited a high polymerization rate and double-bond conversion and could form a.
Transmission of Hypervirulent Acinetobacter baumannii Between General and Intensive Care Unit

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important microorganisms associated with hospital-acquired infections and nosocomial outbreaks.Aim We investigate a hypervirulent A. baumannii outbreak with aim to identify the transmission mediator.Methods We investigated an outbreak in respiratory intensive critical care unit (RICU) and respiratory medicine unit (RMU) based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) and epidemiology data. Virulence potential was performed in a mouse model.Results Eight and two CRAB isolates were isolated in RICU and RMU during August 2018. Four fatal cases were all involved in a transmission event. In vivo test confirmed the hypervirulence phenotype of the isolates. We inferred that the portable devices were probably the mediator of the transmission based on the transmission chain and epidemiology data. We isolated an hypervirulent CRAB from the screen of portable ventilator. Portable devices disinfection using vaporized hydrogen peroxide and avoiding the sharing of devices between general ward and ICU successfully blocked the further transmission.Conclusions An emerging hypervirulent A. baumannii with enhanced virulence has successfully colonized on the surface of mobile medical device. Sharing these mobile devices may lead to spread between the general ward and ICU. The new transmission chain construction tool is useful to the outbreak investigation.
Evaluations for a new performance-based approach in urban planning

Poiche il mondo continua a urbanizzarsi, le sfide dello sviluppo sostenibile saranno sempre piu concentrate nelle citta richiedendo nuovi approcci, modelli e strumenti. In particolare, il presente articolo si focalizza sull’utilizzo dell’"approccio prestazionale" nella pianificazione urbanistica per migliorare l’efficienza e l’efficacia dei processi decisionali. Nel presente paper, la proposta metodologica e sperimentata nel caso studio di Pomigliano d’Arco (Italia).
Fabrication of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets by Using a Simple Thermal Exfoliation Process

A simple and inexpensive method to exfoliate boron nitride powder to form boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) with few layers was achieved by using a physically thermal process. The obtained BNNSs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), IR spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The size distribution of the sheets and average sheet size is in the range of 80–380 nm and 200±62 nm, respectively, and the pure phase h-BN products were confirmed. XPS result showed the B/N atomic ratio to be 0.99. In addition, the BNNSs can well disperse in aqueous solution to form a cloudy suspension and importantly, can remain suspended for 1 month without precipitate, which would have good potential in a wide range of applications.