Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SG3_OA_MWS_Shoeib edit

Background: Mammary gland carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor. Annually worldwide more than1,000,000 cases of breast carcinoma occur, which is the leading cause of carcinoma death in women. The most relevant and important method to diagnose breast cancer is Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). The use of core needle biopsy (CNB) has been increasing because of various limitations. Advantages of core needle biopsy over FNAC is, that core needle biopsy provide sufficient tissue for definitive histological diagnosis, differentiate between invasive cancer and carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a difference in diagnostic accuracy in using CNB and FNAC in patients with palpable breast lumps undergoing breast surgery. Methods: This was cross sectional type of study conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar. The study was carried out from July 2016 to March 2018. The study population was recruited from the patients presenting with suspicious palpable breast lump clinically and/or radiologically, attending at General Surgery Outpatient Department (OPD), Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar. Hundred (100) patients suffering from breast lumps were included in this study. Results: Total 58 patients (58% of total patients with breast lump) were found with malignancy having C5 category of FNAC. All of them confirmed malignancy after the surgery. FNAC showed malignancy in 58% cases of breast lump. There was no false positive case in FNAC findings. Rest of 42 patients showed non-malignant breast lumps which showed C2, C3 and C4 category of FNAC. Findings after excision biopsy showed that there were 26 patients (26%) were false negative. Conclusion: Findings of the present study suggest that FNAC is almost equally effective technique for the diagnosis of malignancy in patients suffering carcinoma of mammies. FNAC is considered as an economical, less complicated, rapid and reliable method for the pathological diagnosis of breast carcinoma in a developing country like India. Malignant tumour can be exactly diagnosed by FNAC as it is highly sensitive for malignancy. CNB should be put after FNAC If initial FNAC fails to determine the type of tumour, CNB can be a useful second line method of pathological diagnosis in order to minimize the chance of missed diagnosis of breast cancer. Excision biopsy should be considered as last option for pathological diagnosis.
EMPWC: Expectation Maximization with Particle Swarm Optimization based Weighted Clustering for Outlier Detection in Large Scale Data

: Outlier detection is usually considered as a pre-processing step for locating in a data set, those objects that do not conform to well-de ﬁ ned notions of expected behaviour. It is very important in data mining for discovering novel or rare events, anomalies, vicious actions, exceptional phenomena etc. However, investigation of outlier detection for categorical data sets is especially a challenging task because of the dif ﬁ culty of de ﬁ ning a meaningful similarity measure. In addition, one might have to determine the optimal value of outliers, that is, how many outliers a data set really has. A possible theoretical approach to this problem is to search for a range of values of outliers (o) and decide on an optimal value of outlier (o) by optimizing certain variational property. Because of this reason, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method is introduced in this paper to search for a range of values of outliers (o). The proposed work consists of three major steps: ( i ) de ﬁ ne a function for outlier factor ( ii ) optimization value of outlier and ( iii ) clustering methods for outlier detection. In the ﬁ rst step of the work, de ﬁ ne a new concept of entropy that takes both Shannon and Jensen-Shannon Divergence (JSD) into consideration. The second step, PSO is introduced to search outliers. Here, the PSO includes n number of data samples N which are moving around a D-dimensional search space for optimizing a certain variational property. Based on this PSO, de ﬁ ne a function for the outlier factor of an object which is solely determined by the object itself and can be updated ef ﬁ ciently. Finally, propose EMPWC outlier detection method which requires no user-de ﬁ ned parameters for deciding whether an object is an outlier. In addition to this EMPWC based outlier detection methods associate a weight from entropy function with each observed dataset samples. Here, introduce the weighted-data Gaussian mixture and EM algorithms. The ﬁ rst one considers a weight for each categorical data attributes. The second one treats each weight and detects outliers. The experiment results on large scale categorical datasets demonstrate that the proposed EMPWC based outlier detection methods can achieve a better tradeoff between Detection Rate (DR), False Alarm Rate (FAR) when compareing to state-of-the-art outlier detection approaches.
A Study on Benefits and Impact of Cloud Computing on 5G Signal Processing

: Distributed computing attracts critical consideration the data innovation (IT) people group as it gives pervasive on interest access to a mutual pool of configurable registering assets with least administration exertion. It picks up likewise more effect on the correspondence innovation (CT) people group and is as of now talked about as an empowering agent for adaptable, cost-proficient and all the more capable versatile system executions. Albeit concentrated baseband pools are now researched for the radio access system (RAN) to take into account effective asset utilization and progressed multicell calculations, these advances still require devoted equipment and don't offer the same attributes as distributed computing stages, i.e., on-interest provisioning, virtualization, asset pooling, versatility, administration metering, and multitenancy. In any case, these properties of distributed computing are key empowering agents for future portable correspondence frameworks described by a ultra thick organization of radio access focuses (RAPs) prompting serious multicell obstruction in mix with a noteworthy increment of the quantity of access hubs and colossal changes of the rate prerequisites after some time. In this article, we will investigate the advantages that distributed computing offers for fifth-era (5G) portable systems and examine the suggestions on the sign handling calculations.
Determination of the optimal screen interval in low-dose CT lung cancer screening: are we there yet?

In view of the prospective results of the largest randomized controlled lung cancer screening trial worldwide, the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), and baseline results of other trials, interest in low-dose chest CT for lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals is increasing. In 2011, the U.S. NLST demonstrated that screening using annual low-dose chest CT reduces lung cancer mortality by 15–20% compared to screening by chest radiography (1). This result was translated by several U.S. medical associations, including the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, into a recommendation to screen subjects at high-risk for developing lung cancer by annual low-dose chest CT (2-5). According to the recommendation of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, all individuals between 55 and 80 years old who smoked at least 30 pack-years and quit not longer than 15 years ago are eligible for lung cancer screening. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery (5).
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TRIPHALA EXTRACTS

Triphala fruits of three myrobalans, preparation is known to be a safe hypoglycemic agent. Triphala prevents aging, imparts immunity and improves mental faculties. It helps to detoxify the liver, restore digestion and purify blood widely used in a large number of medicinal preparations. major constituents of Triphala, Amla, Baheda & Harad extract are phenolic, alkaloid, and flavanoid, compounds. Phenolic compounds which may be r radical scavenging activity: Triphala & its individual fruit extracts had significant scavenging effect on the DPPH free radical which increases with increasing concentration from 20 microbial activity was found maximum with the methanolic extract of Triphala followed by Amla then Baheda and methanolic extracts. component in the methanolic extract thus we can assume that the phenols may be responsible for the antimicrobial activity. But further chemical characterization is needed to confirm the molecule responsible for the activity. Triph individual fruit extracts therefore Triphala can be used in therapy as it has multiple other health benefits also.
Forecasting Portfolio Risk Estimation by Using Garch And Var Methods

Risk management or risk predicting are closely related with the market volatility which affect the return of portfolio estimation. Portfolio managers around the world concerned with risk estimation because portfolio risk management is part of their decision-making process. According to Hull (2006), VaR is widely used by fund managers “to provide a single number summarizing the total risk in a portfolio of financial assets. ” Motivates from this, we conducted an analysis to compare the effectiveness of VaR analysis and GARCH method in forecasting risk estimation. Risk manager can used the best methods in reducing their customers risk volatility and rank the risk level. Keywords: Forecasting, Value at Risk, GARCH, Portfolio estimation, Risk.
ASSOCIATIONS OF SERUM TESTOSTERONE WITH DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AMONG DIABETIC MEN AND WOMEN: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

(MS Ophthalmology, Institute Of Ophthalmology, Jnmch, Amu, Aligarh). (Faculty Of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia). (Ms, Fico (Uk), Fics (Usa), Frcs (Glasg), Frcs (Edin), Vr Faculty, Institute Of Ophthalmology, Jnmch, Amu, Aligarh). (MS Ophthalmology, Faculty, Institute Of Ophthalmology, Jnmch, Amu, Aligarh). (MD Medicine, DM Endocrinology, Faculty, R.G. Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Jnmch, Amu, Aligarh).
Impact of Thiamine Deficiency on Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Egyptian Type 1 Diabetic Children

Objectives: To assess the level of thiamine among diabetic children presented with DKA, and its correlation with the degree of acidosis and encephalopathy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at the Suez Canal University hospital, Ismailia, Egypt. A convenient sample of 40 diabetic children aged below 18 years, and presented with DKA were submitted to full history taking, examination and laboratory investigations including the thiamine level prior to fluids and Insulin administration. Results: The studied children had their diabetes of 1.85 ± 2.6 years duration, and their HbA1C mean was 9.96 ± 2.27% while receiving 1.08 ± 0.27 IU/kg of insulin. DKA triggers were medication non-adherence, and infection ((32.5% &17.5% respectively), while newly diagnosed diabetes was the cause in 50% of new cases. 42.5% had encephalopathy while more than 50% had moderate to severe acidosis (37.5% and 20 % respectively) at the time of presentation. The mean thiamine level of the studied group was 47.37±28.52 ng/ml; among them 45% were found to have absolute thiamine deficiency with levels less than 40 ng/ml PH and HCO3 level had statistically significant strong positive correlation with level of thiamine (r=0.96, p>0.01) and (r=0.92, p>0.01) respectively. While Glasgow Coma Scale had positive but moderate significant correlation with level of thiamine (r=0.57, p>0.01). Thiamine level was the most significant best-fitting predictor of level of acidosis in stepwise backward regression analysis model among DKA patients (t=9.94, p>0.01). Conclusions: Thiamine deficiency is not uncommon finding among children with diabetic ketoacidosis. It can be predicted by the severity of acidosis and to a lesser extend the degree of encephalopathy. Thiamine can be introduced as a line in the management of the DKA.
NEURAL NETWORKS APPROACH FOR MONITORING AND SECURING THE E-GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS

: Security must be addressed in the phase of planning and designing of e-government system. Management process is needed to assess security control, where management allows departments and agencies to maintain and measure the extent of data security depending on the mechanism of revealing the security weak points . Revealing the weak points is done by using a series of standards built on the application of machine learning methods specifically Using the Neural Networks Model, and intelligent data analysis. All these techniques are useful in monitoring and measuring the extent of the secured data and the provided services. The applied results on the data site of ”Cairo cleanliness and beautification authority for cleaning” in Egypt showed that measurement qualifications were adequate, proper ,preaching, and can be generalized. The proposed approach of monitoring is very comprehensive where it limits the risk of information security that affect organizations’ risk management decisions.
Log-domain electronically-tuneable fully differential high order multi-function filter

This paper presents the synthesis of fully deferential circuit that is capable of performing simultaneous high-pass, low-pass, and band-pass filtering in the log domain. The circuit utilizes modified Seevinck’s integrators in the current mode. The transfer function describing the filter is first presented in the form of a canonical signal flow graph through applying Mason’s gain formula. The resulting signal flow graph consists of summing points and pick-off points associated with current mode integrators within unity-gain negative feedback loops. The summing points and the pick-off points are then synthesized as simple nodes and current mirrors, respectively. A new fully differential current-mode integrator circuit is proposed to realize the integration operation. The proposed integrator uses grounded capacitors with no resistors and can be adjusted to work as either lossless or lossy integrator via tuneable current sources. The gain and the cutoff frequency of the integrator are adjustable via biasing currents. Detailed design and simulation results of an example of a 5th order filter circuit is presented. The proposed circuit can perform simultaneously 5th order low-pass filtering, 5th order high-pass filtering, and 4th order band-pass filtering. The simulation is performed using Pspice with practical Infineon BFP649 BJT model. Simulation results show good matching with the target.
Sustained Drug Release from Contact Lenses 1

This paper focuses on the release of an ophthalmic drug (flurbiprofen) from a loaded copolymer where the drug is simultaneously dispersed in the polymeric matrix and entrapped in particles. The copolymer is based in 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate co-methacrylic acid and silicone is used to prepare the loaded particles. A mathematical model to simulate the drug release is proposed and a qualitative analysis is performed. In vitro experimental results are compared with simulation results. Contact lens made from the presented copolymer are expected to deliver drug at therapeutical levels for a few days.
A FUNCTIONAL INJECTABLE HYDROGEL FOR NUCLEUS PULPOSUS REGENERATION IN LAPINE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEFECT MODEL

Nucleolus Pulposus (NP) of the Intervertebral disc (IVD) is the first tissue to initiate degeneration especailly from a younger age which eventually leads to low back pain. IVD degeneration happens due to unusual sitting, trauma, genetic inheritance and impaired nutrient exchange between nucleus pulposus and blood vessels. If the extracellular matrix of NP remains the same throughout life, the disc height will not collapse. In this study, alginate was selected as the material of choice to mimic the NP. Alginate hydrogel was made in different concentrations incorporating strontium and tested for the required compression strength to mimic the real NP which is always under constant pressure. The designed and fabricated Alg/Sr hydrogel was tested for cytotoxicity to depict the safety of the material and further tested in-vitro by mimicking an in vivo 3 dimensional structure incorporating cells which was ultimately injected in situ at the physically damaged NP site of the lumbar vertebrae (L3-L4/L5-L6) of New Zealand White rabbits in situ. This study showed that Alg/Sr Hydrogel is permissive and a promising hydrogel which can encapsulate cells for secreting extra cellular matrix (ECM) to restore the collapsed disc height to a certain extent to enable temporary relief of low back pain.
Comparison of Vitamin C (Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate) Formulation in Nanoemulsion Spray and Cream as Anti-aging

Abstract : Vitamin C has important role in stimulating the formation of collagen and reducing hyperpigmentation on the skin. However vitamin C has low bioavailability if consumed orally and unstable in form of ascorbic acid. Vitamin C being formulated in a stable nanoemulsion spray and cream with various concentration. Preparations were applied twice a day for 12 weeks on the back hand of 12 volunteers. In every 2 weeks, moisture, evenness, pore and spot of skin was measured by a device called Skin Analyzer Aramo. Nanoemulsion spray containing 10% of vitamin C gave a significant difference in increasing moisture, smoother the skin and reducing hyperpigmentation of back hand skin from volunteers. Different preparations showed a difference in anti-aging activity. Nanoemulsion spray of 10% vitamin C showed better antiaging activity in increasing moisture, smoother the skin and reducing hyperpigmentation on skin compared to 10% vitamin C in cream preparation. Though in reducing the size of pore, nanoemulsion spray did not significantly different from cream preparation.
Cross Layer Based Energy Aware Routing and Congestion Control Algorithm in MANET

: In a Mobile Ad hoc Network, the mobility of a node is unpredictable. The mobility is considered as one of the characteristics of a wireless network. In addition, the energy limit of the nodes must also be taken into consideration when designing routing protocols. This is an essential issue since energy consumption reduces the wireless network connection lifetime. In mobile link packet are often more significant than congestion losses. Congestion avoidance results in a very low utilization of the link when there is an appreciable rate of losses due to link errors. This issue is very significant for wireless links. In this paper to overcome network performance problems, a cross layer design which helps in allotment the information while the layers separation at the design level is still maintained is proposed. This minimizes data retransmissions and losses by analyzing and reacting appropriately to different events occurring at lower layers. This not only helps to sustain the communication with the lowest chance of interruption, but also prolongs the network lifetime due to the lowest possible consumption of energy for a given communication. This article also evaluates the performance of different adhoc routing protocols such as DSDV, AODV, DSR, TORA and AOMDV in terms of energy efficiency and it also proposes a new routing algorithm that modifies AOMDV and it provides better performance compared to all the above protocols.
FILTRATION OF UNWANTED MESSAGES FROM ONLINE SOCIAL WEBSITE USER’S WALL

: Nowadays Social networking sites are very popular. It has become a routine for individuals to keep checking messages on their online social wall. Social Networking sites often are best entertainment for youngsters. Online social network helps you to connect with your family, friends, & society to share your views on any topic. As social networking sites are open for all, anyone can post message on their own wall or others wall. Sometime people posts inappropriate messages on others wall which annoys people viewing them. Considering this problem my paper work is for filtering OSN wall messages before they reach to the user’s wall and determine trust related to people on OSN.As OSN messages are short for that I use Short text classification method with trust calculation.
A Brief Survey of Self Organized Particle Swarm Optimization

-This paper transplants a new variant of PSO i.e. SOPSO( self organizing PSO) for improving the performance of PSO. SOPSO emphasizes the information interactions between the particle-lever and the swarm-lever, and introduce feedback to simulate the function. Through the feedback information, the particles can perceive the swarm-lever state and adopt favorable behavior model to modify their behavior, which not only can modify the exploitation and the exploration of the algorithm adaptively, but also can vary the diversity of the swarm and contribute to a global optimum output in the swarm. This paper presents a brief introduction to the new variant of PSO i.e. Self Organizing PSO (SOPSO) which alleviates the premature convergence. The paper aims at providing the difference between SOPSO and original PSO, giving the merits of SOPSO as compared to PSO. An algorithm and mechanism for the working of SOPSO has been presented here. The particles in SOPSO can adjust its moving mode according to the swarm states. The dynamics of the particles search moving in iterations is also analyzed.
Hope and Positive Development in the Third Decade of Life. A Theoretical Perspective on Tertiary Education Students in Cameroon

-University is relatively considered a stressful moment in the life of students due to numerous academic workloads and academic activities. The situation is further aggravated by the fact that some university students are in emerging adulthood, a developmental period which is psychologically fraught with uncertainty, instability and identity issues among others. Added to these, the context of most universities like Cameroon which is marred with political, economic and social turbulence common to other developing societies in the sub Saharan region makes life unbearable. Looking at the challenges that confront tertiary education students in the third decade of life, increases possibilities of fears that they will founder thus narrowing the route to a blossomed transition into adulthood and through the university from home into the world of work. However, observations reveal that some have remained hopeful as they continuously believe in themselves and their worth. As such, they have resiliently shrugged off the vast burden placed on them by the adult society as they struggle intentionally with continuous efforts to succeed. Being hopeful and self-efficacy beliefs are observed to be some of the effective drivers that pull emerging adults through the storms of university transition thus facilitating positive development into subsequent life stages. Unfortunately just a paucity of literature albeit theoretically actually narrates via scholarly corridors the monumental successes recorded by students as they sail flourishingly through university in the midst of storms an in the third decade of life. This paper examines and addresses the foregoing through the lenses of some theories.