Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement of the method used for control of starting direkt-currentrailway motor

The analysis of methods for rotation speed control of direct-current traction motors with the series and compound excitation is conducted in the paper. The scheme to improve energy efficiency of speed control devices of traction electric motors of public electric transport rolling stock is proposed. The proposed scheme using the increasing DC-DC converter allows to perform a smooth TEM field weakening, improve the shunt coil copper use and reduce electric power consumption at starting the rolling stock. In this case, weakening the compound excitation TEM field is conducted by changing the current in both series, due to the input converter circuit, and shunt coil. Moreover, current control in the shunt coil, the magnetizing force of which is directed opposite the magnetizing force of the series coil, is performed due to the output converter circuit. The electrical schematic diagram of the test stand and results of studying the proposed field weakening method are proposed.
Feasible Appraisal of Walking/Cycling to Replace Weight Control Program: An Example of Taiwan

This study probes into the promotion policy for improving the willingness of students to walk or cycle to school. The intentions of elementary and junior high school students as well as their parents in selected schools in Tainan, Taiwan were surveyed. The feasibility of reducing BMI through walking/cycling to school is evaluated through a System Dynamic (SD) model which is capable of calculating the calories consumed, accumulated, and the effect of walking/cycling on BMI. With practical data to show weight control effect, the model shows that weight control program can be replaced effectively by walking to and from school. In addition, to promote walking/cycling to school, tree planting on wayside and adding the pathways and bicycle lanes are the desired conditions for walking and cycling respectively.
Low-cost high gain printed log-periodic dipole array antenna with dielectric lenses for V-band applications

Three different V-band high gain printed log periodic dipole array (PLPDA) antenna prototypes are proposed. The antenna prototypes are fabricated and tested. A good agreement between the experimental and simulated results is obtained. Results show that those antenna prototypes can operate from 42 to 82 GHz with a fractional impedance bandwidth of 64.5% covering the whole V-band (50–75 GHz). At 60 GHz, the three antenna prototypes have peak gain of 12.64, 23.31 and 26.79 dBi with a gain variation of 3.5 dBi across the whole V-band with stable radiation patterns over the operating band. The proposed PLPDA antenna prototypes achieve good side-lobe suppression, excellent front-to-back ratio in both E- and H-planes and low cross-polarisation levels over the entire frequency range.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of specular reflecting technical surfaces using structured light microscopy

In computer assisted quality control the three-dimensional reconstruction of technical surfaces is playing an ever more important role. Due to the demand on high measurement accuracy and data acquisition rates, structured light optical microscopy has become a valuable solution for the three-dimensional measurement of technical surfaces with high vertical and lateral resolution. However, the three-dimensional reconstruction of specular reflecting technical surfaces with very low surface-roughness and local slopes still remains a challenge to optical measurement principles. Furthermore the high data acquisition rates of current optical measurement systems depend on highly complex and expensive scanning-techniques making them impractical for inline quality control. In this paper we present a novel measurement principle based on a multi-pinhole structured light solution without moving parts which enables the threedimensional reconstruction of specular and diffuse reflecting technical surfaces. This measurement principle is based on multiple and parallel processed point-measurements. These point measurements are realized by spatially locating and analyzing the resulting Point Spread Function (PSF) in parallel for each point measurement. Analysis of the PSF is realized by pattern recognition and model-fitting algorithms accelerated by current Graphics-Processing-Unit (GPU) hardware to reach suitable measurement rates. Using the example of optical surfaces with very low surface-roughness we demonstrate the three-dimensional reconstruction of these surfaces by applying our measurement principle. Thereby we show that the resulting high measurement accuracy enables cost-efficient three-dimensional surface reconstruction suitable for inline quality control.
A directed search for QTL affecting carcass composition traits in Texel sheep : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Science at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

I n New Zealand moves towards lean-meat yieldand meat quality-based payment of lamb carcasses, which more accurately reflect consumer preferences, mean that breeders and producers will need to change their selection objectives and management practices to maximise returns. This thesis investigates approaches to achieving increased meat yields, while not detrimentally affecting meat quality. The main objective was to search for Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) affecting carcass composition traits in Texel sheep, in the region of Growth Differentiation Factor 8 (GDF8) on ovine chromosome 2. Dissection and meat quality data for legs and lo ins were collected for 90 Texel-cross progeny from each o f six Texel or Texel-cross sires. All animals were genotyped for seven markers around GDF8. A QTL which increased leg muscle by 5-8% and decreased leg fat by 1 01 5% was identified for four of the six sires in the region of markers BM8 1 1 24 and BULGE20. The two sires for which no QTL was detected, were homozygous and therefore uninformative at these markers. The QTL did not negatively affect meat quality. There was only limited evidence for a QTL affecting loin composition traits. Candidate genes to explain the QTL effect, in addition to GDF8, were sought, based o n the conserved synteny between the ovine and human genomes, but none were identified. A number of genes in the region are poorly documented, and new genes are still being mapped to the region so a candidate gene could yet emerge. The progeny data set when analysed for sex differences, revealed that, relative to ewe lambs, meat from the ram lambs had 1 0% higher Warner-Bratzler shear values, was less red, and for M longissimus, had 28% more samples that exceeded the "high pH" thresho ld of 5 . 8 . These negative meat quality aspects for ram lambs need further investigation to determine their commercial importance. Future research on the putative QTL for leg and loin composition should assess its effects on other parts of the carcass, and its effect in lambs homozygous for the QTL. AdditionaHy its posit ion needs to be more closety defmed, and ideally the specific gene or genes involved identified, before industry implementation is carried out .
PROJECT SUCCESS — A SURVEY

Over the past decade there has been a growing literature on project success criteria, however there has been relatively little empirical data. This paper provides a significant contribution to the knowledge of project success by providing empirical data on the subject, by means of a survey of 150 Australian project managers on the subject of project success criteria. An analysis of the data found two distinct views: those that perceived project success solely in terms of the traditional project objectives of time, cost and quality; and those that considered success in terms of these objectives and the effectiveness of the project's product. The traditional project management success criteria of time, cost and quality still has a strong hold within the project management community in Australia. However, the most important success criterion was considered to be the product success criterion of meeting the owner's needs.
Measurement of harmonic impedance on an LV system utilising power capacitor switching and consequent predictions of capacitor induced harmonic distortion

Due to the existence of harmonic voltage distortion in power systems, the connection of power factor correction capacitors can magnify harmonic distortion by resonance with the supply inductance. A common solution to this problem is to install detuning reactance to ensure that the power factor correction unit remains inductive for all the major harmonics present in the system voltage. This paper describes an algorithm to measure system harmonic impedance and harmonic damping, by monitoring the system response to capacitor switching transitions. A prediction of the harmonic voltage distortion due to different levels of capacitance can then be made. The algorithm offers the possibility of an economic software based solution to the problem of harmonic resonance due to power factor correction capacitors.
Diffractive optics: Design, realization, and applications

This paper presents methods for designing and recording optimal computer-generated diffractive optical elements. The design method is based on an analytic ray-tracing procedure for minimizing aberrations. The recording involves computer-generated masks and multiple lithographic processes in order to form reflective and transmissive multilevel, surface relief-phase, diffractive elements. As a result, the elements can have high diffraction efficiencies over a broad range of incidence angles. Even generalized diffractive elements that operate with highly uniform diffraction efficiency and polychromatic radiation can be designed and recorded by optimizing the shape and height of the relief gratings. To illustrate the effectiveness of the diffractive optical elements, they have been incorporated into a number of applications, involving visible as well as infra-red radiation. Some that deal with coordinate transformation, beam shaping, and polarization control are briefly reviewed.
Cylinder Pressure Variations in Petrol Engines

The paper deals with a detailed research programme which was carried out in an endeavour to find out the cause of the cylinder pressure fluctuations from cycle to cycle which occur in a petrol engine. Every working variable was altered in turn, and its effect on combustion observed on an electronic engine indicator.The development of the cylinder pressure over a large number of cycles was recorded at each setting with the aid of an oscillograph camera. For more detailed observations, the photographed traces were replotted on a volume scale and individual P-V diagrams were studied and in some cases drawn as log P-log V graphs. The experiment showed that the fluctuations in peak pressures and i.m. e.p. were caused by differences in the heat-release rate from cycle to cycle. All hydrocarbon fuels exhibit similar variations, but town gas with its more rapid burning produces steadier pressure development. The air/fuel ratio of the mixture is the main factor which influences the magnitude of the maximum pressure.
Power system load frequency control using noise-tolerable PID feedback

This paper presents a new PID (proportional, integral and differential) control scheme based on the feedback of averaged derivatives to realize a noise-tolerable differential control with its application to the load frequency control in the power system. It is well known that the LFC (load frequency control) is exposed to the quite noisy environment. The noisy environment has made it difficult to adopt the differential feedback loop since the derivatives of the signals deteriorated by high frequency noise causes the system instability. This paper proposed a new PID control scheme adopting averaged derivative of the signal as the differential feedback signal in order to remove the effects of high frequency noise. This study deals with an application of the average differential feedback to the LFC problem in the power systems. The proposed control scheme has been tested for the load frequency control of power systems.
Transient Characteristics of Split Air-Conditioning Systems Using R-22 and R-410A as Refrigerants

All air-conditioning systems experience transient processes during start-up and shutdown and varying boundary conditions during operation due to changes in space loads and outdoor air loads, control loop operation, etc. Transient characteristics of split air conditioners that use R-22 and R-410A as refrigerants are presented in this paper. The model used for the overall system simulation comprises compressor, capillary, condenser, and evaporator submodels. The condenser and evaporator are modelled using continuity, momentum, and energy equations over the space and time span, using the implicit finite difference approach. Both of the heat exchangers are assumed to be made up of microfin tubes, although a comparison of transient pressure response with smooth tubes is presented in the paper. Appropriate correlations are used for calculating the two-phase heat transfer coefficients, the liquid vapor slip, and the friction factors. A simulation program is developed in the MATLAB (Mathworks 2004) environment linked with REFPROP for refrigerant properties. The program is validated with measured and published experimental data. The transient simulation results including the pressure, the temperature, and the mass flow rate response for a start-up transient are compared for R-22 and its alternative R-410A. The transient loss during start-up due to the reconditioning of thermal mass of the system and redistribution of the refrigerant among the system components is also compared for the two refrigerants.
A Study for Embedded Software Double-Fault Testability

The testability is one of the important features to the quality of software, which can guide the intensity and degree of the test, arrange test progress better. Any embedded software can not only contain just a fault, there may be two or more faults, and there is correlation among these faults. In order to arrange testing resources more reasonably, this paper uses correlation matrix to put forward the Embedded Software Testability Fault Model, ESDFM, which based on fault/failure model, and introduces the process of the measurement.
CCDs for spectroscopy

CCDs have been used in spectroscopy for a number of years and for all the obvious reasons. Unfortunately most scientific CCDs are square arrays and are not ideally formatted for spectroscopic applications. This paper discuses the design and fabrication of two CCD arrays specifically intended for use in spectroscopic applications. The devices have 1100 X 330 and 1752 X 532 pixel formats, and are fabricated using the three phase, overlapping polysilicon gate technology and they are available in both front-illuminated as well as back- illuminated versions. In addition, devices with enhanced UV sensitivity are being fabricated. Characterization data are presented. The architecture of these devices leads to some interesting applications which we discuss briefly.
Broken bars fault diagnosis based on uncertainty bounds violation for three‐phase induction motors

Summary In this article, a novel fault diagnosis scheme, based on uncertainty bounds violation, is being presented for the case of broken bars in squirrel-cage three-phase induction motors. The fault diagnosis is performed in two steps. First, the parameters of the healthy induction motor are identified using a set membership identification approach, where corresponding uncertainty bounds are also being provided. Second, the proposed uncertainty bounds violation conditions for the fault diagnosis are evaluated online, on the converged identified model, during a sliding time window. Multiple simulation results are presented that demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scheme toward fault detection and diagnosis among different numbers of broken bars. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real Time Diagnosis Charts of Thread Quality in Tapping Operations

Tapping by cutting is one of the most common operations in manufacturing. It consists of cutting internal threads on the wall of a previously drilled hole by means of a tool called a tap that has cutting edges on its chamfered periphery. When tap wear is slight the process and geometry are usually in control and correct, respectively. However, when tap wear level is high the geometry is not correct and the process is out of control. This is an unacceptable industrial cost. The aim of this paper consists on an industrial monitoring application to data coming from the current/torque signal of the tap spindle for assessing thread quality. It operates in real time and indicates when the tap wear is so critical that, if the process were continued, it would result in unacceptable screw threads. Then the system shows a red light so that the operator could replace the worn-out tap. The system would be very cost-effective since the tapping process could be run without any operator intervention.
Sensor Deployment for Location-Estimation Coverage

Sensor deployment problem for target location estimation is important for sensor networks which fulfill the monitoring tasks. In this paper, we investigate the deployment schemes which guarantee the location estimation accuracy of an arbitrary point within the region, by connecting the location estimation problem with the perspective of k-coverage problem. Our strategies are deploying sensors to guarantee the location-estimation accuracy of an arbitrary point within the monitored region, and to minimize the number of required sensors. Compared with the random deployment, the deterministic deployment provides a better solution to guarantee the location-estimation accuracy over the monitored region. Regular space deployment patterns in 2-dimension, i.e. equilateral triangle, square and regular hexagon, are discussed. The relationship between deployment density and vacancy ratio are derived by mathematical analysis. The derived required sensors deployment density to an arbitrary vacancy ratio for location-estimation coverage provides useful guidelines for sensor network deployment when location-estimation system is required for any practical application.
Detection system of the narrow band PSK communication

In narrow band PSK systems where the synchronous detection circuit is constructed by using a highly stable PLL circuit, the lock-in time is reduced during the reference carrier regeneration. An experimental two-phase narrow band PSK detection circuit was thus constructed by using a retriggerable monostable multivibrator. This detector is simple and stable. <<ETX>>
Some image tools for sonar image processing

The trend in seafloor imaging towards using multiple sonar sensors with enhanced resolution has resulted in higher volume data sets. As a consequence, users need better, more efficient tools for data processing and interpretation. This paper describes three data processing tools useful for automating and accelerating sonar image formation. All have been validated on real data and all are Triton Elics International application products. The applications support automatic object detection, automatic seafloor classification, and sonar patch tests using backscatter information.
TACO: a finite element heat transfer code

TACO is a two-dimensional implicit finite element code for heat transfer analysis. It can perform both linear and nonlinear analyses and can be used to solve either transient or steady state problems. Either plane or axisymmetric geometries can be analyzed. TACO has the capability to handle time or temperature dependent material properties and materials may be either isotropic or orthotropic. A variety of time and temperature dependent loadings and boundary conditions are available including temperature, flux, convection, and radiation boundary conditions and internal heat generation. Additionally, TACO has some specialized features such as internal surface conditions (e.g., contact resistance), bulk nodes, enclosure radiation with view factor calculations, and chemical reactive kinetics. A user subprogram feature allows for any type of functional representation of any independent variable. A bandwidth and profile minimization option is also available in the code. Graphical representation of data generated by TACO is provided by a companion post-processor named POSTACO. The theory on which TACO is based is outlined, the capabilities of the code are explained, the input data required to perform an analysis with TACO are described. Some simple examples are provided to illustrate the use of the code.
Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod).

Abstract S. canadensis is an erect rhizomatous perennial plant native to North America which has spread throughout a number of European countries after its introduction as an ornamental. Moron et al. (2009) say that this species and the closely related species, S. gigantea have been among the most successful invasive species in Europe. It continues to be available from mail-order catalogues and websites of commercial nurseries and botanical gardens and as such further introduction of this species are likely. It is an undesirable invader on account of its large rhizomes, vigorous growth and allelopathic effects which lead to gross changes in the native vegetation and fauna. It is easily controlled by cultivation but difficult to control in natural areas due to its long persistence.
1-GHz Bandwidth Digital Spectro-Correlator System for the Nobeyama Millimeter Array

We have developed 1-GHz bandwidth digital spectro-correlator system for the Nobeyama Millimeter Array (NMA). It consists of 2Gsample/sec-2bit analog-to-digital (A/D) converters and an ultra-wide band digital correlator. We developed two kinds of special-purpose LSI having functions of delay compensation and correlation, respectively. With these LSIs, the ultra-wide band digital correlator realizes 1024-MHz bandwidth spectroscopy with 128-channel resolution for 15-correlation data. This system allows us to observe radio continuum emission with about a two-times better signal-to-noise ratio than that of the previous correlator system. We started common-use observations with this new system from 1997 March; the system has been extended in order to obtain 21-correlation data for a 7-element "Rainbow" (NMA + 45-m telescope) interferometer system.
Automatic Design of Fuzzy Rules Using GA for Fault Detection in Cracked Structures

Vibration-based inspection is an area of active research. This task is performed by estimating the effects of structural damage on the eigen parameters of structures. The problem of detecting, locating, and quantifying the extent of damage was under study for several decades. In order to investigate the prevailing effects of damage present in the structure under examination, a mathematical model of the damage must be introduced into the model of the structure at the location of the fault. While focusing on transverse vibrations, a simple stiffness reduction of the damaged region was used. In the present work the vibration parameters (relative first three natural frequencies) of the cracked structure are treated in a controller. The controller is designed using fuzzy logic & genetic algorithm. Here the fuzzy rules are optimized by using genetic algorithm. Using the controller, the crack locations can be determined.