Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early Warning Signals for Bearing Failure Using Detrended Fluctuation Analysis

Prognostic techniques play a critical role in predicting upcoming faults and failures in machinery or a system by monitoring any deviation in the operation. This paper presents a novel method to analyze multidimensional sensory data and use its characteristics in bearing health prognostics. Firstly, detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is exploited to evaluate the long-range correlations in ball bearing vibration data. The results reveal the existence of the crossover phenomenon in vibration data with two scaling exponents at the short-range and long-range scales. Among several data sets, applying the DFA method to vibration signals shows a consistent increase in the short-range scaling exponent toward bearing failure. Finally, Kendall’s tau is used as a ranking coefficient to quantify the trend in the scaling exponent. It was found that the Kendall’s tau coefficient of the vibration scaling exponent could provide an early warning signal (EWS) for bearing failure.
Beyond Growth: Does Tourism Promote Human Development in India? Evidence from Time Series Analysis

The present study aims to investigate the impact of tourism growth on human development in Indian economy. For this purpose, the study uses annual data from 1980 to 2018 and utilizes two proxies for tourism growth – tourism receipt and tourist arrivals – and uses human development index calculated by UNDP. The study uses control variables such as government expenditure and trade openness. The study employs auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to investigate the cointegrating relationship among the variables in the model. Further, the study also explores the causal nexus between tourism sector and human development by using the Toda-Yamamoto Granger non-causality test. The result of ARDL bounds test reveals the existence of cointegrating relationship between human development indicators, government expenditure, trade openness, and tourism sector growth. The cointegating coefficient confirms a positive and significant relationship between tourism sector growth and human development in India. The causality result suggests that economic growth and tourism have a positive impact while trade openness has a negative impact on human development in India. The major findings of this study suggest that tourism plays an important role in the socio-economic development of Indian economy in recent years and the country must develop this sector to achieve sustainable development.
Family Business Institutionalization, Governance, and Social Distinction Among Colombia’s Elite Business Families

While the institutionalization of some of Colombia’s largest family-owned businesses is often explained with reference to the global economic liberalization of the 1990s and the need for smooth intergenerational transference of property and management, this article connects the increasing popularity of these specialized managerial measures to longstanding structures of social hierarchy and group formation in the country. Drawing on twenty months of ethnographic research among members of industrial elite business-owning families, I argue that the increasing prevalence of these measures cannot be fully explained without attention to dynamics of symbolic social distinction in the country. I ground family business governance in its social context by considering it in light of three important forms of distinction: in-group and cosmopolitan connections, conspicuous industriousness and enactment of “modern” values, and the adoption of governance as a form of family lineage.
Structural and elastic properties of β-brass

First-principles calculations have been made for the 50–50 ordered alloy CuZn, β-brass, of the energy per atom in tetragonal structure as a function of the tetragonal lattice parameters a and c. A full-potential electronic-structure program was used with both the local-density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Both formulations confirm the existence of a shallow energy minimum (the ground state) at c/a = 1 (β-brass has CsCl structure), and reveal the occurrence of a shallow secondary minimum at approximately c/a = 1.26. With decreasing electronic charge on the Zn atom this minimum becomes deeper, and moves toward larger c/a values, reaching the value c/a = 21/2 when one full electron is taken away from Zn, i.e., when Zn is replaced with Cu. The three elastic constants of β-brass have been calculated and compared with experiment. The large elastic shear anisotropy of β-brass discussed by Clarence Zener in 1947 has been confirmed in this work, although the anisotropy is not quite as large as the then available experimental data indicate.
Oxidative Dehydrogenation ofn-Butane over Alkali and Alkaline Earth-Promoted α-NiMoO4Catalysts☆

Abstract Alpha phase of NiMoO 4 promoted with alkaline (K and Cs) and alkaline earth (Ca, Sr, and Ba) metals has been studied for theoxidative dehydrogenation of butane. The catalysts werecharacterized by BET; X-ray diffraction; atomic absorption;inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared and Raman, X-ray photoelectron, and ultraviolet–visible diffuse-reflectance spectroscopic techniques; and CO 2 temperature-programmed desorption. The molybdate structure remains intact after doping. However, while for the Ca-, Sr-, and Ba-doped catalysts, new species were detected as oxide and peroxide compounds, only traces of alkali metals were found in the bulk of the catalysts, for the same loadingsof promoter. For both catalyst series, rate of butane conversiondecreases with increasing promoter content and also with increasingionic radius of the promoter element. A decrease of surface areaaccounts for this trend. Catalyst surface basicity and selectivityto dehydrogenation products appear to be closely related. In fact,increased selectivity to C 4 products has been observed upon promoter incorporation, specially for K and Cs. An overdoping effectwas detected for barium-doped catalysts which exhibits a maximum ofbasicity at 9% promoter loading. Higher levels of promoterseem to decrease the surface basicity and the C 4 'sselectivity. At such Ba contents the formation of three-dimensionalbarium compound crystallites occurs, decreasing the amount ofadsorbed CO 2 . Alkaline earth-promoted NiMoO 4 appeared to be very promising catalysts for butadiene formation,being almost twice more selective to butadiene than the undopedcounterpart, for the same conversion.
Impact of economic policy uncertainty and financial constraints on firms’ markups: evidence from China

ABSTRACT Economic policy uncertainty (EPU) hinders global economic recovery and is an important cause of economic recession. Additionally, EPU also hinders the development of firms. In this context, using firms’ markups as the breakthrough point, this study analyses how EPU and financial constraints affect firms’ markups with the assistance of an econometric model and using an index of EPU and data from Chinese Annual Survey of Industrial Firms. The conclusions are as follows: (1) EPU has a significantly negative impact on firms’ markups; (2) both the internal and external financial constraints have a significantly negative impact on firms’ markups; (3) the interaction between EPU and internal and external financial constraints has a significantly negative impact on the firms’ markups. This study also analyses the differences of firms’ heterogeneity. This study is helpful for firms to fully understand the different impacts of internal and external shocks on firms’ markups, and provide more targeted reference for policy-making departments, and thus improve the policies’ effectiveness.
The transition to the metallic state

Abstract An account is given of the theory that a crystalline or non-crystalline array of atoms will make a transition from the metallic to the non-metallic state as the interatomic distance is varied. Experimental evidence relevant to the theory is summarized. Wigner's (1938) suggestion that an electron gas might crystallize at sufficiently low densities is examined, and an experiment suggested by which it might be tested.
Strategic Talent Management: The Impact of Employer Branding on the Affective Commitment of Employees

In a globalization context, underlined by the speed of technological transformation and increasingly competitive markets, the perspective of human capital, as an asset of strategic importance, stands out in differentiating human resource practices. Under this reality, the employer branding (EB) concept gains more and more importance as a strategic tool to attract, retain, and involve human capital, given that this has become a source of competitive advantage to companies. Within this context, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between employer branding strategies implemented by organizations, as well as their impact on the employee’s affective commitment, evident in certain organizational cultures, which are sustained over time. The methodological framework applied to this study is quantitative, and the data collection was carried out with the application of an employer branding and an affective commitment questionnaire. To achieve a good representation of the active population, the sample of the quantitative study was composed of 172 individuals, working in the public and private sectors in Portugal, exercising different positions in the different sectors of activity. Results obtained with these techniques indicate a high level of affective organizational commitment (AOC) of employees in the organizations surveyed, suggesting that affective commitment develops when the individual becomes involved and identifies with the organization.
The Mediator Role of Communication about COVID-19 on the Relationship between Exaggeration of Media and Generated Fear: Case of North Cyprus

In the first half of 2020 the world population was hit by a Novel Coronavirus outbreak that leads to severe acute respiratory syndrome, which later named as COVID-19. The countries soon started to report their first cases and in March the COVID-19 which was initially declared as a public health emergency then later declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO). The fear generated as a result of the pandemic among the people has many antecedents. The aim of this study was to find out the hypothesized relationship between the generated fear and the exaggeration of the media about pandemic, as well as to look at whether communication from health professionals, family and friends mediates this relationship. According to the results of the analysis which has been carried out by the data collected by questionnaire, there is a positive and strong relationship between all three variables. Additionally, mediation analysis showed that the relationship between exaggeration of media and generation of fear is mediated by the communication by health professionals, friends and family meaning that communication plays an important role in terms of generated fear.
A Transient Stochastic Rainfall Generator for Climate Changes Analysis at Hydrological Scales in Central Italy

In this work, a comprehensive methodology for trend investigation in rainfall time series, in a climate-change context, is proposed. The crucial role played by a Stochastic Rainfall Generator (SRG) is highlighted. Indeed, SRG application is particularly suitable to obtain rainfall series that are representative of future rainfall series at hydrological scales. Moreover, the methodology investigates the climate change effects on several timescales, considering the well-known Mann–Kendall test and analyzing the variation of probability distributions of extremes and hazard. The hypothesis is that the effects of climate changes could be more evident only for specific time resolutions, and only for some considered aspects. Applications regarded the rainfall time series of the Viterbo rain gauge in Central Italy.
Theoretical Evaluation of Novel Thermolysin Inhibitors from Bacillus Thermoproteolyticus as Possible Antibacterial Agents

The search for new antibacterial agents that could decrease bacterial resistance is a subject that is continuously developing. The Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria have a metalloproteins group belonging to the M4 family. That is the main virulence factor of these bacteria. In this work, we have used a computational protocol based on the comprehensive analysis of the results of docking, molecular dynamics simulation, MM-PBSA, ligand efficiency, and ADMETox properties of ligand designed in silico in the previous manuscript using the Thermolysin from Bacillus thermoproteolyticus, a metalloprotein of the M4 family as a target. The principal results obtained were the designed ligands were adequately oriented in the thermolysin active center. The Lig783, Lig2177, and Lig3444 compounds were those with better dynamic behavior, however, when analyzing the results extracted from the ADME-Tox properties, only Lig783 was the best antibacterial agent candidate.
A Family of Zirconium Complexes Having Two Phenoxy−Imine Chelate Ligands for Olefin Polymerization

A zirconium complex having two phenoxy−imine chelate ligands, bis[N-(3-tert-butylsalicylidene)anilinato]zirconium(IV)dichloride (1), was found to display a very high ethylene polymerization activity of 550 kg of polymer/mmol of cat·h with a viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) value of 0.9 × 104 at 25 °C at atmospheric pressure using methylalumoxane (MAO) as a cocatalyst. This activity is 1 order of magnitude larger than that exhibited by Cp2ZrCl2 under the same polymerization conditions. The use of Ph3CB(C6F5)4/i-Bu3Al in place of MAO as a cocatalyst resulted in extremely high molecular weight polyethylene, Mv 505 × 104, with an activity of 11 kg of polymer/mmol of cat·h at 50 °C. This Mv value is one of the highest values displayed by homogeneous olefin polymerization catalysts. Complex 1, using Ph3CB(C6F5)4/i-Bu3Al as a cocatalyst, provided a high molecular weight ethylene−propylene copolymer, Mv 109 × 104, with 8 kg of polymer/mmol of cat·h activity at a propylene content of 20.7 mol %. X-ray analy.
The Chicken or the Egg? Causal Inference in Entrepreneurial Orientation–Performance Research

While entrepreneurial orientation (EO) correlates with many organizational phenomena, we lack convincing evidence of causal relationships within EO’s nomological network. We explore the challenges to establishing causal relationships with a systematic review of EO–performance research. We then use a simulation to illustrate how popular research designs in EO research limit our ability to make causal claims. We conclude by outlining the research design considerations to move from associational to causal EO–performance research. Our message is that while experiments may not be practical or feasible in many areas of organizational research, including EO, scholars can nevertheless move towards causal understanding.
COVID-19 responsive teaching of undergraduate architecture programs in India: learnings for post-pandemic education

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to have an overview of how Indian institutions offering undergraduate architecture programs have responded to the pandemic situation. It seeks to appraise the alternative approaches adopted for teaching-learning, communication, assignment and evaluation and assess their effectiveness for progressive improvisations or integration with pedagogy. The paper articulates a view on the suitability of online teaching for architecture education in India, on basis of educators' experiences of teaching during the pandemic.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was conducted for obtaining primary data from the educators given the paucity of information. The questions elicited structured information on aspects of the transition process, IT/online platform and tools, the efficacy of online teaching-learning and trajectory of blended learning.FindingsAll institutions managed the transition to online teaching without much difficulty. However, the paper raises the need for professional training and feedback from students. One-third of the respondents express satisfaction with online teaching, despite low satisfaction about the effectiveness of online teaching of a design studio. The results convey the need for more engagement with digital tools and representational software on integrated platforms. The study finds consensus on the future potential of blended learning and advocates developing an integrated framework and curriculum for architecture education in India.Originality/valueThe paper synthesizes viewpoints on online teaching-learning of architecture program in wake of the pandemic from an educators' perspective. The emergent perspectives are viewed dialogically in context of global voices to articulate a future trajectory of blended learning in the domain of architecture education.
Polyamide 6/ethylene-butylene elastomer blends generated via anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam: Phase morphology and dynamic mechanical behavior

This paper reports about the polymerization of e-caprolactam monomer in the presence of low molecular weight hydroxyl or isocyanate end-capped ethylene-butylene elastomer (EB) elastomers as a new concept for the development of a submicron phase morphology in polyamide 6 (PA6)/EB blends. The phase morphology, viscoelastic behavior, and impact strength of the polymerization-designed blends are compared to those of similar blends prepared via melt-extrusion of PA6 homopolymer and EB elastomer. Polyamide 6 and EB elastomer were compatibilized using a premade triblock copolymer PA6-b-EB-b-PA6 or a pure EB-b-PA6 diblock reactively generated during melt-blending (extrusion-prepared blends) or built-up via anionic polymerization of e-caprolactam on initiating NCO groups attached to EB chain ends (polymerization-prepared blends). Two compatibilization approaches were considered for the polymerization-prepared blends: (i) the addition of a premade PA6-b-EB-b-PA6 triblock copolymer to the e-caprolactam monomer containing nonreactive EBOH elastomer and (ii) generation in situ of a PA6-b-EB diblock using EBNCO precursor on which polyamide 6 blocks are built-up via anionic polymerization of e-caprolactam. The noncompatibilized blends exhibit a coarse phase morphology, either in the extruded or the polymerization prepared blends. Addition of premade triblock copolymer (PA6-b-EB-b-PA6) to a EBOH /e-caprolactam dispersion led to a fine EB phase (0.14 μm) in the PA6 matrix after e-caprolactam polymerization. The average particle size of the in situ reactively compatibilized polymerization-prepared blend is about 1 μm. The notched Izod impact strength of the blend compatibilized with premade triblock copolymer was much higher than that of the neat PA6, the noncompatibilized, and the in situ reactively compatibilized polymerization blends. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2538–2544, 2004
Formation of enrichment layers in thin polymer films: The influence of single chain dynamics

We study the influence of single-chain dynamics on the collective dynamics during the formation of enrichment layers near walls that attract one species of polymers in a binary blend. This is done by using different dynamic extensions of self-consistent field theory for polymer blends confined between two hard walls. In dynamic self-consistent field theory the densities are evolved in time and the use of an Onsager coefficient proportional to the monomer densities represents the dynamics of pointlike particles. The method of the external potential dynamics makes use of the temporal propagation of the effective external fields. A constant Onsager coefficient in this method implies nonlocal dynamics of polymers. The comparison between the nonlocal dynamics and the local dynamics of pointlike particles shows distinct differences in the density profiles during the formation of enrichment layers: local dynamics leads to a quick process and a narrow depletion layer, whereas the nonlocal dynamics leads to a slower enrichment and wider depletion layers. To validate the self-consistent field results we employ corresponding Monte Carlo simulations using the bond fluctuation model that maps the polymer chains on a coarse-grained lattice. A quantitative comparison of the density profiles reveals better agreement of the simulation results with those achieved with the external potential dynamics method.
Photoinduced isomerization of allyl alcohols to carbonyl compounds using dendrimer disulfide as catalyst

Allyl alcohols were isomerized to carbonyl compounds using diphenyl disulfide derivatives upon photoirradiation. Especially, dendrimer disulfide catalyzed the isomerization of allyl alcohols. Photoinduced isomerization in water was also succeeded by the use of water-soluble dendrimer disulfide. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 20:1–11, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20504
The temperature of shock‐compressed water

Temperatures from 3300–5200 K were measured in liquid H2O shocked to 50–80 GPa (500–800 kbar). A six‐channel, time‐resolved optical pyrometer was used to perform the measurements. Good agreement with the data is obtained by calculating the temperature with a volume‐dependent Gruneisen parameter derived from double‐shock data and a heat capacity at constant volume of 8.7 R per mol of H2O.
A Model of Ice Wedge Polygon Drainage in Changing Arctic Terrain

As ice wedge degradation and the inundation of polygonal troughs become increasingly common processes across the Arctic, lateral export of water from polygonal soils may represent an important mechanism for the mobilization of dissolved organic carbon and other solutes. However, drainage from ice wedge polygons is poorly understood. We constructed a model which uses cross-sectional flow nets to define flow paths of meltwater through the active layer of an inundated low-centered polygon towards the trough. The model includes the effects of evaporation and simulates the depletion of ponded water in the polygon center during the thaw season. In most simulations, we discovered a strong hydrodynamic edge effect: only a small fraction of the polygon volume near the rim area is flushed by the drainage at relatively high velocities, suggesting that nearly all advective transport of solutes, heat, and soil particles is confined to this zone. Estimates of characteristic drainage times from the polygon center are consistent with published field observations.
Dispersal ability, trophic position and body size mediate species turnover processes: Insights from a multi‐taxa and multi‐scale approach

Despite increasing interest in β‐diversity, that is the spatial and temporal turnover of species, the mechanisms underlying species turnover at different spatial scales are not fully understood, although they likely differ among different functional groups. We investigated the relative importance of dispersal limitations and the environmental filtering caused by vegetation for local, multi‐taxa forest communities differing in their dispersal ability, trophic position and body size.
First results from the ESCA microscopy beamline on ELETTRA

The results of the first experiments with test samples, tool steel and polycrystalline Sn carried out with the scanning photoemission microscope built on the ELETTRA storage ring in Trieste are presented and discussed. The scanning photoemission microscope uses a zone plate optical system for demagnification of the photon beam to submicron dimensions. The present performance of the microscope in photoemission allows elemental and chemical mapping and small-spot photoelectron spectroscopy with lateral resolution better than 200 nm. The reported results show how photoemission microscopy can distinguish the spatial distribution of carbide phases with different Fe content at the surface of a tool steel and the correlation between inhomogeneous oxidation of a polycrystalline Sn sample and its grain structure. (C) 1977 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.