Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
At sea, in text, and on stage: Islam and Muslims in Early Modern English drama

This thesis considers the portrayal of Islam and Muslims in Early Modern English drama. It begins with an analysis of the various types of relations that existed between the English and the Muslims of the day, particularly the Ottoman Turks and the North African Moors. Relations existed across almost all social groups, leading to a contradictory way of perceiving the Islamic world. Muslims were admired and envied for their superior wealth and spectacular exoticism; yet, were also vilified as followers of a deadly rival faith. Such ambiguity is reflected in the drama of the time and to demonstrate this, four specific plays, \(Tamburlaine\) \(The\) \(Great\) \(Parts\) \(I\) and \(II\), \(A\) \(Christian\) \(Turned\) \(Turk\), \(The\) \(Tragedy\) \(of\) \(Othello\): \(The\) \(Noble\) \(Moor\) \(of\) \(Venice\), and \(The\) \(Renegado\), are compared and evaluated by studying their depictions of Islam and Muslims. The plays all share a number of common themes, with the most pertinent being the fear of English Christians ‘turning Turk’ or converting to Islam. Each play offers its own unique take on this phenomenon. Finally, the discussion is modernised when it is shown that the key worries which plagued the Early Modern mind are in fact, the same that plague thinkers today.
Masters Degree in Chemical Engineering Freely Mouldable Cellulose Synthesis , properties and further functionalization of Cellulose

Chemicals are very important in many kind of applications. One example is with the food production and especially the protection of the packaging that enable the food conservation. New packaging materials from renewable bio-based resources, has the aim to develop a freely moldable material. The material will be based on chemical functionalized pulp. The main constituent of the pulp studied in this project is Cellulose Esters. Mainly Organic Esters Cellulose has shown plastic applications. The project is based to synthesize Cellulose Acetoacetates with two different reagents, a Diketene Analoge and an Ethylketene Dimer. The synthesis should give Cellulose with different kind of degree of substitution (DS), high and low. The degree of substitution is determined by Infrared spectroscopy and Elemental Analysis for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. Finally compounding composites between Cellulose Acetoacetates/Polyethylene and characterize the material with different techniques. In this work it was possible to obtain different values of degree of substitution and the material has different solubility in Acetone. The DS was determined by Elemental Analysis. From Infrared spectroscopy it was concluded that modified Cellulose was obtained from the two different reagents except in the heterogeneous reaction for low degree of substitution with Ethylketene Dimer.
Metacommunication as Second Order Communication

By giving full emphasis to the impossibility of not to communicate, the first axiom of communication stresses how communication is an event not subject to cessation. It is this never-ending characteristic that impels us to the need to ponder on metacommunication as “communication about communication”. By taking a philosophically informed and pragmatic stance, this paper deals with the concept of “metacommunication” and tries to incorporate it in the theory of communication. It posits communication is a multilevel dialectical happening in which metacommunication presents itself a kind of second order communication. The paper describes communication as an ad infinitum process in which every communication supposes always more communication. Metacommunication is the answer to the relationship level of communication and that’s why we postulate metacommunication as a re-communicating communication.
Abundance of Ground States with Positive Parity

We investigate analytically and numerically a random-matrix model for m fermions occupying {ell}{sub 1} single-particle states with positive parity and {ell}{sub 2} single-particle states with negative parity and interacting through random two-body forces that conserve parity. The single-particle states are completely degenerate and carry no further quantum numbers. We compare spectra of many-body states with positive and with negative parity. We show that in the dilute limit defined by m, {ell}{sub 1,2} {yields} {infinity} and ml {ell}{sub 1,2} {yields} 0, ground states with positive and negative parity occur with equal probability. Differences in the ground-state probabilities are, thus, a finite-size effect and are mainly due to different dimensions of the Hilbert spaces of either parity.
SFB 823 Switching on electricity demand response : Evidence for German households D iscussion P aper

Empirical evidence on the response of German households to electricity price changes is sparse. Using panel data originating from Germany’s Residential Energy Consumption Survey (GRECS), we fill this void by employing an instrumental variable approach to cope with the endogeneity of the consumers’ tariff choice. By additionally exploiting our information on the households’ knowledge about power prices, we also employ an Endogenous Switching Regression Model to estimate price elasticities for two groups of households, finding that only those households that are informed about prices are sensitive to price changes, whereas the electricity demand of uninformed households is entirely price-inelastic.
The Korean Corpus of Spontaneous Speech

This paper describes the development of the Korean corpus of spontaneous speech, also called the Seoul corpus. The corpus contains the audio recording of the interview-style spontaneous speech from the 40 native speakers of Seoul Korean. The talkers are divided into four age groups; talkers in their teens, twenties, thirties and forties. Each age group has ten talkers, five males and five females. The method used to elicit and record the speech is described. The corpus containing around 220,000 phrasal words was phonemically labeled along with information on the boundaries for Korean phrasal words and utterances, which were additionally romanized. According to the test result of labeling consistency, the inter-labeler agreement on phoneme identification was 98.1% and the mean deviation on boundary placement was 9.04 msec. The corpus will be made available for free to the research community in March, 2015.
Temperament in Mothers with Borderline Personality Disorder and in Their Young Children Aged 4-7

In this study we sampled mothers with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and their young children ages 4-7 (n = 36), as well as normative comparisons (n = 34). We assessed temperament in both mothers and their children. Mothers reported on their own and on their children’s temperament. Controlling for maternal current major depressive disorder and education, mothers with BPD reported more negative affectivity, less effortful control, and less positive affect than did normative comparison mothers. Children whose mothers had BPD had more negative affectivity (fear and frustration) and less effortful control, but not less smiling and laughter. When controlling for maternal lifetime history of major depressive disorder in addition to the aforementioned covariates, group differences in the mother sample did not change. The additional control of a maternal lifetime history of MDD in group differences analyses in the child sample resulted in the children of mothers with BPD having more sadness than the children of normative comparison mothers. However, the children of mothers with BPD no longer had significantly higher inhibitory control than the children of normative comparison mothers. In addition, mothers' temperamental traits were all positively correlated with their children’s corresponding ones. Furthermore, each self-reported maternal borderline feature (affective instability, identity disturbance, self-harm, and negative relationships) significantly positively correlated with mothers’ negative affectivity and significantly negatively correlated with mother’s effortful control and positive affect. In addition, each maternal borderline feature significantly positively correlated with children's negative affectivity on all scales except discomfort and significantly negatively correlated with children’s effortful control. No maternal borderline feature significantly negatively correlated with children's smiling and laughter. Results are discussed as increasing our understanding of the intergenerational transmission of BPD through temperament.
Artificial Reef Attributes and The Relationship With Natural Reefs: Evidence From The Florida Keys

Natural or coral reefs represent extremely valuable ecosystems supporting an estimated 25 percent of all marine life, yet recent reports suggest that 75 percent of the world’s natural reefs are under threat from both natural and human stressors. In areas such as Key West, Florida, that boasts an expansive mix of natural and artificial reefs, recreational diving on the system provides an important economic contribution to the local community but also potentially contributes to the stress of the existing natural reef system. We develop a revealed and stated preference modeling framework of diver behavior and find that deployment of an additional large ship reef increases overall diving activity but does not impact diving behavior on the natural reef system. We also investigate potential diver behavior heterogeneity in response to the new reef and find that diver beliefs on the role of human stressors can alter diving behavior. Key Words:
LCA in Environmental Management Systems—Results of Individual Interviews with Selected Enterprises from Poland and Sweden

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an analytical tool used for the environmental optimization of products and services within the entirety of its life cycle. ISO 14040 recommends use of the technique in numerous areas of environmental management such as in designing for the environment, eco-labelling, environmental communications and the assessment of the effects of environmental activities. Despite being theoretically feasible, certain applications of the ecological assessment of a life cycle such as the possibility of identification and evaluation of environmental aspects with the use of LCA are, in practice, still new to many environmental managers. With its strong points, the technique seems to be a valuable tool, especially in the context of apparent concepts of Product-Oriented Environmental Management Systems (POEMS). In order to verify the hypothesis, the author decided to verify the level of use of LCA in the area of identification and assessment of environmental aspects in selected organizations. Therefore, questionnaire interviews were conducted with representatives of selected Polish and Swedish enterprises who, at the time of the interview, had certified environmental management systems. The organizations were analyzed with respect to applied methods and techniques used for identification and assessment of environmental aspects as well as the degree of use of LCA both in this respect and in other areas of environmental management. This paper will present the results of this research and conclusions.
Classification of Input Devices Using Cursor Trajectories

With the immense popularity of the internet and the much lower cost for online surveys compared to in-person interviews, many surveys are now conducted online. One approach to identify whether respondents are having difficulty answering a question is by analysing cursor trajectory data. There are many different input devices, for example computer mouses and touchpads. Respondents’ behaviour and thus their cursor trajectories might vary depending on which device is used. As a first step toward tackling this issue, this thesis tries to differentiate between trajectories produced by using a mouse and those made by a touchpad. There are two classification methods used here; one is using a simple logistic regression model to try and classify the input device, the other is a tree-based approach, more specifically, a Random Forest model. Furthermore, two models with different features are being fitted to the data: a baseline model using features based on previous research as well as a full model utilising several other, new features. Both methods and models offer a very limited capability to classify respondents’ input devices. A comparison between them shows that the full Random Forest model exhibits the best performance of the methods used. Finally, measures to improve the classification performance and the question whether a differentiation between the input devices is necessary at all, are discussed.
Reply on Interactive comment on “ Effects of stoichiometry an d temperature perturbations on beech litter decomposition , enzyme activities and protein expres sion ” by

We want to thank the anonymous reviewer for the constructive comments. We tried to substantially improve the manuscript with the suggestions made by the anonymous reviewer. Anonymous Referee #2 In their methods the author’s should mention which enzymes were used to examine enzyme activities. The y only provide the generic term cellulose activity, where a substrate should be included. Additionally a time zero should have been calculated to examine the effects of the treatments
Herschel Footprint Database and Service

Abstract We created the Herschel 1 Footprint Database and web services for the Herschel Space Observatory imaging data. For this database we set up a unified data model for the PACS and SPIRE Herschel instruments, from the pointing and header information of each observation, generated and stored sky coverages (footprints) of the observations in their exact geometric form. With this tool we extend the capabilities of the Herschel Science Archive by providing an effective search tool that is able to find observations for selected sky locations (objects), or even in larger areas in the sky.
Bio-inspired Active Attack for Identification of Networked Control Systems

The use of communication networks to interconnect controllers and physical plants in industrial and critical infrastructure facilities exposes such control systems to threats typical of the cyber domain. In this sense, studies have been done to explore vulnerabilities and propose security solutions for Networked Control System (NCS). From the point of view of the control theory, the literature indicates that stealthy and accurate cyber-physical attacks must be planned based on an accurate knowledge about the model of the NCS. However, most literature about these attacks does not indicate how such knowledge is obtained by the attacker. So, to fill this hiatus, it is proposed and evaluated in this paper an Active System Identification attack, where the attacker injects data on the NCS to learn about its model. The attack is implemented based on two bio-inspired metaheuristics, namely: Backtracking Search Optimization Algorithm (BSA); and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The results indicate a better performance of the BSA-based attack, especially when the captured signals contain white Gaussian noise. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the degree of accuracy that this attack may achieve, highlighting the potential impacts and encouraging the research of possible countermeasures. CCS Concepts •Security and privacy → Formal security models; Cryptanalysis and other attacks; •Computing methodologies→ Search methodologies; Computational control theory;
Fire resistance of steel-concrete side-plated beams

In the paper a novel three-phase finite-element numerical model for the fire analysis of side-plated reinforced concrete (RC) beams is presented. In addition, advantages of beam side reinforcing as a measure of structural retrofitting are explored for a selected case and an important contribution of the side plates to the ultimate fire resistance of the RC beam is observed.
Generating hypotheses on fighting the global war on terrorism

Abstract : As the calendar turned to 1992, the conditions that had dominated military planning for almost half a century came to end with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In anticipation of a world that required less military manpower, the United States cut its active duty forces by about a third in the decade that followed. This was often referred to as the "peace dividend. " Unfortunately, while the nature of the threat changed, the world arguably became a more dangerous place. In fact, Beckett states that: "Between 1990 and 1996 there were at least 98 significant conflicts inflicting 5.5 million deaths, but only seven of these were waged between recognized states. " The challenges facing our armed forces are fundamentally different than they were just over a decade ago. Consequently, our forces are undertaking an ambitious effort to fundamentally change. As Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld states: "What's taking place in the conflict [Afghanistan], in the global war on terrorism, and the distinctively new threats we're facing, [provides] the impetus to transformation. Similarly, we need to transform an analysis infrastructure built to analyze a well studied and stable situation. Specifically, we need agile tools and analysis methods that allow us to quickly gain and effectively communicate insights into dynamic, asymmetric situations. In particular, to better assist senior decision-makers in structuring, equipping, and employing military forces to face the new threat we need to understand more about the intangible human elements of combat (leadership, morale, unit cohesiveness, etc.) in medium and low intensity conflicts involving adaptive adversaries. Towards that end, the Marine Warfighting Laboratory's Project Albert seeks to exploit the advances in computing power and new technologies to "provide quantitative answers. to important questions facing military decision-makers. "
The acute impact of dietary nitrate supplementation on the postexercise hypotension response to high intensity interval exercise.

To include: collation of information and ideas and evaluation of those ideas relative to the extant literature/concept/theory and research question/problem; adoption of a personal position on the study by linking and combining different elements of the data reported; discussion of the real-life impact of your research findings for coaches and/or practitioners (i.e. practical implications); discussion of the limitations and a critical reflection of the approach/process adopted; and indication of potential improvements and future developments building on the study; and a conclusion which summarises the relationship between the research question and the major findings.
The asset debates: How (not) to use asset indices to measure well-being and the middle class in Africa

Asset indices are ubiquitous in the debate about wellbeing in African countries, not least because of the paucity of traditional household income and expenditure data. Indeed, asset data have fuelled the creation of a new, more optimistic picture of wellbeing in Africa, where both income and the middle class are growing fast. This is the first review of the use of asset indices for African countries. Readers are guided through key debates over the use of asset data, including the use of assets to measure trends over time as well as socio-economic status and class. We argue that the theoretical and empirical advantages of the asset index over traditional welfare measures are clear, but that caution is needed. Most asset indices show significant improvements in private wealth and social welfare in African countries due to increases in the number of household assets and improvements in health and education. However, we argue that simplistic conclusions in the economics literature about the growth of income or of a ‘middle class’ using asset indices are poorly founded.
Numerical investigation of pool nucleate boiling in nanofluid with lattice Boltzmann method

Due to significant improvement of thermal performance and other properties of nanofluids, this group of liquids is in high demand. According to the literature, the effect of nanoparticles on boiling heat transfer enhancement or degradation is not the same among different investigations. In the present article, the pseudo-potential multiphase lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate nucleate pool boiling with two different fluids: a pure liquid and a nanofluid. The current results indicate that the contact angle is the same for both the fluid and nanofluid when the vapor bubble detachment occurs. Also, bubble departure diameter is greater in the base liquid while bubble release frequency is higher in the nanofluid. In brief, the present results demonstrate that using a nanofluid instead of its base fluid will increase the boiling heat transfer coefficient.
Extreme Value Analysis & Application of the ACER Method on Electricity Prices

In this thesis we have explored the very high prices that sometimes occurs in the Nord Pool electricity market Elspot. By applying AR-GARCH time series models, extreme value theory, and ACER estimation techniques, we have sought to estimate the probabilities of threshold exceedances related to electricity prices. Of particular concern was the heavy-tailed Frechet distribution, which was the asymptotic distribution assumed in the ACER estimation. We have found that with extreme value theory we are better equipped to deal with the very high quantiles in the time series we have analyzed. We have also described a method that can give an assessment of the probability of exceeding a selected level in the electricity price.
The Fruit Fly, Drosophila melanogaster: The Making of a Model (Part I)

The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen, 1830) has been established as a cornerstone for research into a wide array of subjects including diseases, development, physiology, and genetics. Thanks to an abundance of genetic tools, publicly available fly stocks, and databases, as well as their considerable biological similarity to mammalian systems, Drosophila has been solidified as a key model organism for elucidating many aspects of human disease. Herein is presented an overview of what makes Drosophila such an appealing model organism. In Part I of this chapter, basic Drosophila biology is reviewed and the most relevant genetic tools available to Drosophila researchers are covered. Then in part II, we outline the use of Drosophila as a model organism to study a wide array of pathologies in which Drosophila has been used, along with key advances made in the specific field using the fly as a model organism.
Research on Texture Mapping of Geological Models

Texture mapping of 3D models is an important problem in realistic graphics. However, there are few methods that are put forward to solve texture mapping of models constructed from nature scenes for the reason that those 3D models are difficult to parameterize to 2D. This paper proposes an algorithm for 3D geological models so that the texture on the side part will be well-balanced. This algorithm breaks the side part loop of 3D geological models along several edges, and unfolds the loop like a 2D plane so that the calculation of texture coordinates can be uncomplicated. At last, the algorithm is implemented and experiments are carried out to verify its effectiveness.