Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Azepine-Indole Alkaloids From Psychotria nemorosa Modulate 5-HT2A Receptors and Prevent in vivo Protein Toxicity in Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans

Nemorosine A (1) and fargesine (2), the main azepine-indole alkaloids of Psychotria nemorosa, were explored for their pharmacological profile on neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) applying a combined in silico–in vitro–in vivo approach. By using 1 and 2 as queries for similarity-based searches of the ChEMBL database, structurally related compounds were identified to modulate the 5-HT2A receptor; in vitro experiments confirmed an agonistic effect for 1 and 2 (24 and 36% at 10 μM, respectively), which might be linked to cognition-enhancing properties. This and the previously reported target profile of 1 and 2, which also includes BuChE and MAO-A inhibition, prompted the evaluation of these compounds in several Caenorhabditis elegans models linked to 5-HT modulation and proteotoxicity. On C. elegans transgenic strain CL4659, which expresses amyloid beta (Aβ) in muscle cells leading to a phenotypic paralysis, 1 and 2 reduced Aβ proteotoxicity by reducing the percentage of paralyzed worms to 51%. Treatment of the NL5901 strain, in which α-synuclein is yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-tagged, with 1 and 2 (10 μM) significantly reduced the α-synuclein expression. Both alkaloids were further able to significantly extend the time of metallothionein induction, which is associated with reduced neurodegeneration of aged brain tissue. These results add to the multitarget profiles of 1 and 2 and corroborate their potential in the treatment of NDs.
Process Evaluation of an Application-Based Salt Reduction Intervention in School Children and Their Families (AppSalt) in China: A Mixed-Methods Study

Background Salt reduction is a cost-effective, and rather challenging public health strategy for controlling chronic diseases. The AppSalt program is a school-based multi-component mobile health (mhealth) salt reduction program designed to tackle the high salt intake in China. This mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted to investigate the implementation of this program across sites, identify factors associated with the implementation, and collect evidence to optimize the intervention design for future scale-up. Methods Mixed methods were used sequentially to collect data regarding five process evaluation dimensions: fidelity, dose delivered, dose received, reach, and context. Quantitative data were collected during the intervention process. Participation rate of intervention activities was calculated and compared across cities. The quantitative data was used for the selection of representative intervention participants for the qualitative interviews. Qualitative data were collected in face-to-face semi-structured interviews with purposively selected students (n = 33), adult family members (n = 33), teachers (n = 9), heads of schools (n = 9), key informants from local health, and education departments (n = 8). Thematic analysis technique was applied to analyze the interview transcripts using NVivo. The qualitative data were triangulated with the quantitative data during the interpretation phase. Results The total number of families recruited for the intervention was 1,124. The overall retention rate of the AppSalt program was 97%. The intervention was implemented to a high level of fidelity against the protocol. About 80% of intervention participants completed all the app-based salt reduction courses, with a significant difference across the three cities (Shijiazhuang: 95%; Luzhou: 73%; Yueyang: 64%). The smartphone app in this program was perceived as a feasible and engaging health education tool by most intervention participants and key stakeholders. Through the interviews with participants and key stakeholders, we identified some barriers to implementing this program at primary schools, including the left-behind children who usually live with their grandparents and have limited access of smartphones; perceived adverse effects of smartphones on children (e.g., eyesight damage); and overlooked health education curriculum at Chinese primary schools. Conclusion This process evaluation demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of using smartphone applications delivered through the education system to engage families in China to reduce excessive salt intake. Clinical Trial Registration The AppSalt study was registered at www.chictr. org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR1800017553. The date of registration is August 3, 2018.
Does Education Affect Rural Women’s Trust? Evidence From China

Trust is of great significance to the economic and social development of a country. In the case of China, the trust of rural women has undergone tremendous changes along with the development of rural areas. It is seen that the trust of rural women has changed from localized to generalized trust, and it is stated that the major factor leading to this transformation is education. To explore the phenomenon empirically, the current study uses the survey data of rural women sourced from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) over the year 2018. Through the ordered probit model, the study reveals that education plays a significant role in influencing rural women’s generalized trust and localized trust. Through mediation analysis, the study further reveals that reliance on Internet information, access to public resources, and income are the factors mediating the relationship between education and generalized trust. Besides, the outcomes further unveil that the impact of education on localized trust is stronger when the level of mobility is low. For robustness check, the current study additionally employs a regression discontinuity model. The overall findings elucidate that education is the major factor triggering the trust of rural women in China. The findings propose that policymakers in China should imply education-oriented strategies as individuals with higher levels of education are more inclined to trust others.
Case Report: Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Meckel Syndrome Induced by Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutations of MKS1

Meckel syndrome (MKS), also known as the Meckel–Gruber syndrome, is a severe pleiotropic autosomal recessive developmental disorder caused by dysfunction of the primary cilia during early embryogenesis. The diagnostic criteria are based on clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity. Mutations in the MKS1 gene constitute approximately 7% of all MKS cases. Herein, we present a non-consanguineous couple with three abnormal pregnancies as the fetuses showed MKS-related phenotypes of the central nervous system malformation and postaxial polydactyly. Whole-exome sequencing identified two novel heterozygous mutations of MKS1: c.350C>A and c.1408-14A>G. The nonsense mutation c.350C>A produced a premature stop codon and induced the truncation of the MKS1 protein (p.S117*). Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that c.1408-14A>G skipped exon 16 and encoded the mutant MKS1 p.E471Lfs*92. Functional studies showed that these two mutations disrupted the B9–C2 domain of the MKS1 protein and attenuated the interactions with B9D2, the essential component of the ciliary transition zone. The couple finally got a healthy baby through preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorder (PGT-M) with haplotype linkage analysis. Thus, this study expanded the mutation spectrum of MKS1 and elucidated the genetic heterogeneity of MKS1 in clinical cases.
The Production and Calibration of the Helicopter Anti-prang Experiment Dummy

The helicopter anti-prang experiment dummy designed by employing human parameter stationary design method and bio-mechanism parameter dynamic design methodology,has Chinese parameter and is anthropomorphic,bio-mechanics emulation and human structure equivalent.The calibration of the helicopter anti-prang experiment dummy is carried out.The calibration results indicate that the main specifications of the helicopter anti-prang experiment dummy meet the requirement of the same kind abroad dummy.
Feasibility of the Sabellarid Reef Habitat Restoration

Polychaetes of the genus Sabellaria (Annelida, Sabellariidae) are gregarious bioconstructors that build reefs by assembling rigid tubes with sand grains in shallow waters. Sabellarid bioconstructions provide important ecosystem services such as sediment stabilization, water filtration and the mitigation of coastal erosion as well as nursery areas, shelter and feeding grounds for several marine species. Moreover, sabellarid reefs are exposed to both natural and anthropogenic disturbance and are therefore listed by international directives among the marine habitats deserving protection. We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of habitat restoration with the sabellarid reef through a novel transplantation method. Fragments of S. spinulosa reef were collected at 1 m depth, fixed using epoxy putty into terracotta vases and then attached on the landward side of the two breakwaters in a coastal marine area enclosed in a Site of National Interest (SNI) of the central-western Adriatic (Mediterranean Sea). Overall, 14 of the 24 transplanted fragments (54.2%) survived during the study period (17 months). The total area of the transplanted reef fragments reduced during the early phase, appearing stable toward the end of the experiment. The transplantation method resulted effective given the survival rate observed, however, we did not observe the expected increase in the reef surface. Small-scale variation in environmental conditions such as organic load, sediment granulometry and hydrodynamics might have affected the growth capacity of the transplanted reef fragments. Further studies considering the microscale environmental requirements of this species are needed to better understand the feasibility of sabellarid reef restoration and its large-scale implementation.
Effects of Lower Fishmeal With Hydrolyzed Fish Protein Powder on the Growth Performance and Intestinal Development of Juvenile Pearl Gentian Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ and Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)

The effect of hydrolyzed fish protein powder (HFP) on the growth, intestinal development, gene mRNA expression, and enzyme activity in the intestine and liver of juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ and Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) was assessed after an 8-week feeding trial. Seven isonitrogenous (50%) and isolipidic (9%) diets were fed to hybrid grouper with 0% (CT), 1% (H1), 1.5% (H2), 2% (H3), 2.5% (H4), 3% (H5), and 4% (H6) HFP. No significant difference (p > 0.05) in weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate (SR) was observed in all the groups. The crude protein content in the H6 group was significantly higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Intestinal lipase and trypsin activity were significantly higher in H3 and H5 groups (p < 0.05). In the serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly higher in H5 and H6 groups, while malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was lower (p < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and target of rapamycin (TOR) mRNA expression levels in the intestine and muscle were significantly higher in the H2 group and H1 group (p < 0.05), respectively. The most abundant intestinal bacteria found at the genus level are Acinetobacter, Vibrio, and Flavobacteriaceae. The villus was significantly longer in hybrid grouper fed with different levels of HFP compared to the control, and fish in the H2 group had thicker intestinal muscle compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of HFP to the low fishmeal (FM) diets of juvenile grouper improved the intestinal development and increased the levels of intestinal digestive enzymes.
Low Birth Weight, β-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Adults: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health

Background Adverse intrauterine environment—reflected by low birth weight (LBW)—has been linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes later in life. Whether β-cell function reduction and insulin resistance could be detected even in middle-aged adults without overt diabetes is less investigated. We examined the association of LBW with β-cell function and insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic middle-aged adults from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of 2,634 ELSA-Brasil participants aged between 34 and 59 years, without diabetes. Participants were stratified according to LBW defined as <2.5 kg and their clinical data were compared. HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, HOMA-adiponectin, TyG index, QUICKI and TG/HDL were calculated and their association with LBW were tested using multiple linear regression including adjustments suggested by Directed Acyclic Graphs and propensity score matching was applied. Results The sample (47.4 ± 6.3 years) was composed of 57.5% of women and 9% had LBW. Subjects with LBW and normal-weight reported similar BMI values at the age of 20 years and current BMI was slightly lower in the LBW group. In average, cardiometabolic risk profile and also indexes of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity were within normal ranges. In regression analysis, log-transformed HOMA-β—but not with the other indexes—was associated with LBW (p = 0.014) independent of sex, skin color, prematurity, and family history of diabetes. After applying propensity-score matching in a well-balanced sample, HOMA-AD and TG/HDL indexes were associated with LBW. Conclusion The association between LBW and insulin sensitivity markers may occur in healthy middle-aged adults before overt glucose metabolism disturbances. Our data are coherent with the detection of early life events consequent with insulin resistance markers that could contribute to the risk of glucose metabolism disturbances.
VAMP2 Expression and Genotype Are Possible Discriminators in Different Forms of Dementia

Vascular alterations often overlap with neurodegeneration, resulting in mixed forms of dementia (MD) that are hard to differentiate from Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The 26 bp intergenic polymorphism of VAMP2, a key component of SNARE complex, as well as its mRNA and protein levels are associated with neurological diseases. We evaluated ApoE4 and VAMP2 26 bp Ins/Del genotype distribution in 177 AD, 132 MD, 115 Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and 250 individuals without cognitive decline (CT), as well as VAMP2 gene expression in a subset of 73 AD, 122 MD, 103 MCI and 140 CT. Forty-two MCI evolved to AD (22 MCI-AD) or MD (20 MCI-MD) over time. VAMP2 mRNA was higher in MD compared to AD (p = 0.0013) and CT (p = 0.0017), and in MCI-MD compared to MCI-AD (p < 0.001) after correcting for age, gender, MMSE and ApoE4 +/− covariates (pc = 0.004). A higher VAMP2 expression was observed in subjects carrying the minor allele Del compared to those carrying the Ins/Ins genotype (p = 0.012). Finally, Del/Del genotype was more frequently carried by MD/MCI-MD compared to CT (pc = 0.036). These results suggest that VAMP2 mRNA expression can discriminate mixed form of dementia from AD, possibly being a biomarker of AD evolution in MCI patients.
The Linkages between Corporate Governance and CEO Succession: A Theatrical Episode, a Theoretical Framework and an Analytical Model

With reference to the theatrics of succession at Axis Bank, on the premise that it is not an isolated case and that rather than a mere symptomatic discussion it is advisable to examine CEO succession from theoretical and analytical perspectives, the paper adopts a three-pronged approach. It resorts to the case method in the first stage. It proposes a modified version of the standard Structure-Conduct-Performance (S-C-P) as the relevant theoretical framework, the modifications pertaining to its elements (basic conditions and structure, conduct and performance), the relationship between and among them as well the influence transmission mechanism. Further to this, the paper implements a simulation of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with a view to delineating the relative strength (weights) of the various performance related, process related and antecedent related variables impinging upon CEO succession and posits succession as a governance issue. The results of the hybridization of the Case Method, S-C-P Framework and the AHP are shown as having implications for the corporations, corporate governance and the regulators.
Electrostatic adhesion for added functionality of composite structures

Electrostatic adhesion can be used as a means of reversible attachment. The incorporation of electrostatic adhesion into fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite structures could provide significant value added functionality. Imparting large potential differences (∼2 kV) across electrodes generates an attractive force, thus providing a means of attachment. This could be used as a reversible latching mechanism or as a means of controllable internal connectivity. Varying the connectivity for discrete elements of a substructure of a given design allows for control of internal load paths and moment of area of the cross section. This could facilitate variable stiffness (both in bending and torsion). Using a combination of existing fabrication techniques, functional electrodes have been integrated within a FRP. Copper polyimide thin film laminate material has been both co-cured with carbon fibre reinforced epoxy and bonded to PVC closed cell foam core material to provide a range of structural configurations with integrated electrodes. The ability of such integrated devices to confer variations in global bending stiffness of basic beam structures is investigated. Through the application of 4 kV across integrated electrostatic adhesive devices, a 112% increase in flexural stiffness has been demonstrated for a composite sandwich structure.
Optimal Structural Estimation of Triangular Systems: II. The Non-stationary Case

is a known matrix. The regressor x, is predetermined and will be defined below. An econometrician (A) wishes to obtain asymptotically efficient estimates of the parameter j3 in equation (1). Since (2) is a reduced form equation, he argues that the single equation method two-stage least-squares (2SLS) is optimal. A colleague (B) points out that Eo is known and the model can therefore be reduced to a truly triangular system (i.e., with triangular structural coefficient matrix and diagonal error covariance matrix) by subtracting equation (2) from equation (1) leading to a revised model whose first equation is now
Global Power of White's Test for Heteroskedasticity

where the z, are i.i. d. and distributed independently of e,, and e, is the OLS residual from (1). (a) Show that the population R of equation (2) satisfies Rl<C/(K-C + K1), (3) where C is the coefficient of variation of OJ,and K is the kurtosis of «,-. (C = aj^, where na = £(OJ,) and a 2 = £(<o, f i j 2 ; K = E(ef) = E(uf)/ lE(u)]. ) (b) Suppose that co, = z,y, and that z,consists of the squares and cross-products of Xj or some subset of them. What is the effect of C and K on the "global power" (Geweke [1]) of White's [2] test in this case?
A Metric Inequality for a Dissimilarity Coefficient in Multidimensional Scaling

where j ' is a T x 1 matrix of observations on the dependent variable, i is a Tx 1 column of ones, Cis a Tx Tupper triangular matrix whose nonzero elements are all ones (cu = 1 if i < / ) , v and e are T x 1 matrices of disturbances which are independently distributed as ij ~ N(0,TIT) and e N(0,oIT), and /? oi ff , and r are scalars. If a is known but /80 is unknown then Nabeya and Tanaka [1] have shown that the locally best invariant test of Ho: T 2 = 0 against HA: r 2 > 0 is based on the statistic ST = y'MAMy/(T o) where M = IT i(i'i)~ V and /4 = C'C. The reader is therefore asked to derive the finite sample characteristic function of ST and hence to deduce its limiting form as T-* oo.
Dynamic stall at high Reynolds numbers induced by ramp-type pitching motions

Abstract The transient pressure field around a moderately thick airfoil is studied as it undergoes ramp-type pitching motions at high Reynolds numbers and low Mach numbers. A unique set of laboratory experiments were performed in a high-pressure wind tunnel to investigate dynamic stall at chord Reynolds numbers in the range of $0.5\times 10^6\leq Re _c\leq 5.5\times 10^6$ in the absence of compressibility effects. In addition to variations of mean angle and amplitude, pitching manoeuvres at reduced frequencies in the range of $0.01\leq k\leq 0.40$ were studied by means of surface-pressure measurements. Independently of the parameter variations, all test cases exhibit a nearly identical stall behaviour characterized by a gradual trailing-edge stall, in which the dynamic stall vortex forms approximately at mid-chord. The location of the pitching window with respect to the Reynolds-number-dependent static stall angle is found to define the temporal development of the stall process. The time until stall onset is characterized by a power law, where a small excess of the static stall angle results in a drastically prolonged stall delay. The reduced frequency exhibits a decrease in impact on the stall development in the case of angle-limited pitching manoeuvres. Beyond a critical reduced frequency, both load magnitudes and vortex evolution become reduced frequency independent and instead depend on the geometry of the motion and the convective time scale, respectively. Overall, the characteristics of vortex evolution induced by dynamic stall show remarkable similarities to the framework of optimal vortex formation reported in Gharib et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 360, 1998, pp. 121–140). The data from this study are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.34770/b3vq-sw14.
Infected Central Nervous System Quantitative Estimate of TCR Diversity in the Infected with a Neurotropic Coronavirus: Selection of CTL Escape Mutants in Mice

Variant viruses mutated in the immunodominant cytotoxic T cell epitope surface (S) glycoprotein S-510-518 are selected in mice chronically infected with mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM. We determined whether this selection occurred in the presence of an oligoclonal or polyclonal T cell response using soluble MHC/peptide tetramers in direct ex vivo analyses of CNS-derived lymphocytes. A total of 42% (range, 29–60%) of CD8 T cells in the CNS of mice with acute encephalitis recognized epitope S-510-518. A total of 34% (range, 18–62%) of cells from mice with hind limb paralysis (and chronic demyelination) were also epitope speciﬁc, even though only virus expressing mutated epitope is detected in these animals. Sequence analysis of the b -chain CDR3 of 487 tetramer S-510-518-positive cDNA clones from nine mice showed that a majority of clonotypes were identiﬁed in more than one mouse. From these analyses, we estimated that 300–500 different CD8 T cell clonotypes responsive to epitope S-510-518 were present in each acutely infected brain, while 100–900 were present in the CNS of each mouse with chronic disease. In conclusion, a polyclonal CD8 T cell response to an epitope does not preclude the selection of T cell escape mutants, and epitope-speciﬁc T cells are still present at high levels even after RNA-encoding wild-type sequence is no longer detectable. The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 6106–6113.
Research on the Evaluation Index System of Urban Taxi Operation

This paper on the taxi in the connotation of modernization of operational and the basic characteristics of the analysis is on the basis of a scientific,systematic,operational,dynamic principles for the evaluation.In conjunction with urban taxis operational,the actual situation establish 15 evaluation based on indicators.The weight of each indicator is established through analytic hierarchy process and expert for decision-making approach.The final completion of the index evaluation system is done.