Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pickled Vegetables Intake Impacts the Metabolites for Gastric Cancer

Purpose An increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) for pickled vegetables intake has been suggested, but a complete understanding of its pathogenic origin is still lacking, especially from a metabolic viewpoint. We investigated the plasma metabolites and metabolic pathway alteration of GC related to pickled vegetables intake. Methods We analyzed plasma samples collected from 365 gastric cancer patients and 347 healthy individuals, and divided them into three subgroups according to the intake of pickled vegetables. Plasma samples were detected by untargeted metabolomics. Results Nine metabolites were significantly altered in GC patients among pickled vegetables intake groups (FDR P-value<0.05). All of them were associated with the risk of gastric cancer adjusted for gender, age, smoking status, Helicobacter pylori infection. Pathway analysis showed significant alteration in the folate biosynthesis pathway. Conclusion In short, we provide new insights from a metabolic perspective on the relationship between pickled vegetables intake and the occurrence of gastric cancer.
DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CONJUGATE TURBULENT HEAT TRANSFER IN POROUS SQUARE DUCT

Turbulent conjugate heat transfer of air flow through a duct partially filled with aluminum porous material is studied by means of the lattice Boltzmann direct numerical simulation. The constant wall temperatures are imposed to the top and bottom walls with a temperature difference, while the adiabatic boundary conditions are applied to the lateral side walls. In addition to turbulent heat transfer of the air flow, the heat conduction of the porous material is simultaneously solved. Despite the confinement by the lateral side walls, the large-scale transverse wavy motion due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is developed just over the porous wall. It is found that the intensified turbulence over the porous wall due to the relaxation of the wall-blocking effect significantly enhances the secondary flow, and the advection by the enhanced secondary considerably contributes to the heat transfer near the top wall. In contrast, the heat transfer near the porous wall interface is dominated by the turbulent transport. Analyzing the volume and Reynolds averaged energy equation, we confirm that the heat flux term due to the mean velocity dispersion considerably contributes to the heat transfer deeply inside the porous wall while the advection by the macroscopic velocity induced by the penetrating secondary flow is significant near the porous interface.
CULTURAL CAPITAL AND STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY4 Kulturni kapital i postignuće učenika: medijatorska uloga samoefikasnosti

In this research we set out to determine whether the effect of cultural capital on students’ achievement is mediated by self-efficacy. Furthermore, we wanted to determine whether, in the context of this psychological factor, cultural capital maintains a direct effect on students’ achievement. The stratified quota sample consisted of 575 eighth grade students from 30 primary schools on the territory of the Republic of Serbia. Mediation effect of self-efficacy was analysed in simple mediation model where cultural capital was predictor variable and achievement criteria. It was found that cultural capital in context of self-efficacy directly contributes to students’ achievement (β=.23). Its indirect effect through students’ sense of self-efficacy was also recognized (β=.12). The paper also presents the implications of our findings for educational policies and school practices. We discussed the need for revision of curriculum and the importance of formative assessment with special attention to providing a feedback that has positive effect on students’ self-efficacy.
Economic Evaluations of Interventions for Snakebites: A Systematic Review

Background Snakebite is an often-neglected event with a high rate of mortality and is concentrated in poor areas. We aimed to assess the economic impact and health effects of the implementation of interventions for snakebites through a systematic review of the scientific literature. Methods Thirty search strategies were conducted in seven databases, applying PRISMA’s identification, screening, selection, and inclusion phases. The reproducibility of the selection of studies and the extraction of information were guaranteed. The methodological quality was evaluated using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards. Qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis were performed for determining the average cost-effectiveness (ACE) for each death and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) avoided. Results Six cost-effectiveness studies were included for the supply of antivenom (AV), taken as outcomes on days of hospitalization or in ICU, death and DALYs avoided. All studies only included institutional costs, and majority of them did not specify the analytical model or economic evaluation parameters and did not perform uncertainty analyses. The management protocol standardization with interdisciplinary attention improves ACE of AV. Cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) of treatment with AV was USD 1253 (constant value for the year 2017, adjusted by purchasing power parity) for each death avoided and USD 51 per DALY avoided. Conclusion High cost-effectiveness of the AV treatment for snakebites was evidenced, which shows that the allocation of resources for this event should be a healthcare priority in addition to implementation of strategies that improve the access to, opportunity, and quality of hospital and pre-hospital care and reduce the cost of AV.
lncRNA CRNDE is Upregulated in Glioblastoma Multiforme and Facilitates Cancer Progression Through Targeting miR-337-3p and ELMOD2 Axis

Introduction Colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) was reported to promote carcinogenesis in several cancers. However, the role of CRNDE in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) needs to be further explored. Methods CRNDE expression levels in GBM tissues and cells were explored using real-time quantitative PCR at first. Effects of CRNDE on GBM cell behaviors were detected by conducting in vitro experiments. Interactions of CRNDE, microRNA-337-3p (miR-337-3p), and ELMO domain containing 2 (ELMOD2) were verified by bioinformatics analysis tools and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Expression correlations of CRNDE and ELMOD2 in GBM tissues were analyzed at GEPIA website. Results CRNDE expression was upregulated in GBM tissues and cells compared with normal counterparts. CRDNE knockdown inhibits proliferation and migration, but promotes apoptosis in GBM cell, while CRNDE overexpression caused opposite effects. Mechanisms exploration indicated CRNDE serves as sponge of miR-337-3p to upregulate ELMOD2 expression. Furthermore, we showed CRNDE and ELMOD2 were positively correlated in GBM tissues. Discussion In conclusion, our study highlighted the importance of CRNDE/miR-337-3p/ELMOD2 axis in GBM progression and offered novel strategies for GBM treatment.
Transferrin Receptor-Targeted PEG-PLA Polymeric Micelles for Chemotherapy Against Glioblastoma Multiforme

Background The safe and efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic agents is critical to glioma therapy. However, chemotherapy for glioma is extremely challenging because the blood–brain barrier (BBB) rigorously prevents drugs from reaching the tumor region. Materials and Methods TfR-T12 peptide-modified PEG-PLA polymer was synthesized to deliver paclitaxel (PTX) for glioma therapy. TfR was significantly expressed on brain capillary endothelial cells and glioma cells; therefore, TfR-T12 peptide-modified micelles can cross the BBB system and target glioma cells. Results TfR-T12-PEG-PLA/PTX polymeric micelles (TfR-T12-PMs) could be absorbed rapidly by tumor cells, and traversed effectively the BBB monolayers. TfR-T12-PMs can effectively inhibit the proliferation of U87MG cells in vitro, and TfR-T12-PMs loaded with paclitaxel presented better antiglioma effect with prolonged median survival of nude mice-bearing glioma than the unmodified PMs. Conclusion The TfR-T12-PMs could effectively overcome the BBB barrier and accomplish glioma-targeted drug delivery, thus validating its potential in improving the therapeutic outcome in multiforme.
Geographic extension of Ecnomiohyla milaria (Cope, 1886) (Anura: Hylidae) for Colombia

The genus Ecnomihyla is a group of treefrogs, with characteristics of natural history that makes them exceptionally rare and poorly documented. Most of them are mainly distribute in the lowlands of Middle America. Here we present a new record of this genus for Colombia and the first for E. miliaria
Theabrownin Induces Apoptosis and Tumor Inhibition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Huh7 Cells Through ASK1-JNK-c-Jun Pathway

Purpose Theabrownin (TB), a main pigment and bioactive component of tea, has been shown anti-tumor activities against carcinomas, but its effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells were used for analyses. Cell viability assay was performed to determine TB′s anti-proliferative effect, and flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and DAPI staining were performed to determine its pro-apoptotic effect. Real-time PCR and Western blot assays were conducted to detect the molecular actions of TB. And a xenograft model of zebrafishes was established to evaluate the in vivo effect of TB. SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) was in vivo and in vitro used to verify the regulatory role of the JNK signaling pathway in the anti-hepatic carcinoma mechanism of TB. Results TB exerted significant anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on Huh7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The molecular data showed that TB up-regulated the gene expressions of NOXA, PUMA, P21, Bax, and Bim and up-regulated the protein expressions of ASK-1, Bax, phosphorylated JNK, and phosphorylated c-Jun with down-regulation of Bcl-2. The in vivo data showed that TB exerted significant tumor-inhibitory effect which was even stronger than that of cis-platinum. Furthermore, the JNK inhibitor significantly weakened TB′s effects both in vivo and in vitro and blocked the related molecular pathway. Conclusion TB exerts anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and tumor-inhibitory effects on Huh7 cells through activation of the JNK signaling pathway. For the first time, this study provides new evidence of anti-HCC effects and mechanism of TB.
DESIGN STRATEGIES TO DEFINE THE ARCHITECTURAL PARTI DURING PROBLEM SOLVING 1

Based on video/audio design protocols, this paper aims to analyze the definition of the architectural parti in the design process. Video recordings occurred between the years of 2011 and 2012, and involved three active experienced architects who had their own studios. All architects were experienced designers and developed a singlefamily residence during one hour based on the same briefing. Each design process was taped with two cameras: one focusing on the actual drawing production, and the other on the architects, so as to register all their actions during the process. There was an accurate registry of the drawing and pause instances, aiming to provide an interpretation of each architect’s design procedure in the development of the architectural parti. This registry contributed to present a graphic representation of the design process frequency showing the time in which designers conceived the parti core. Architects were also interviewed, and their resulting designs were compared beholding the following parameters: (i) Site occupation x topography x open areas; (ii) Sectorization and functionality; (iii) Geometry and volume. The results obtained suggest that self-imposed restraints play an important role in the definition of the architectural parti, confirming this paper contribution to the comprehension of strategies used in the architectural design. RESUMO Baseado em protocolos audiovisuais de projeto, o artigo objetiva analisar a definição do partido arquitetônico no processo de projeto. Filmagens ocorreram entre os anos de 2011 e 2012 e envolveram três arquitetos que possuíam seus próprios escritórios. Todos os arquitetos eram experientes e desenvolveram o projeto de uma residência unifamiliar por uma hora a partir do mesmo programa de necessidades. Cada processo de projeto foi filmado por duas câmeras: uma focada na realização do desenho, e a outra, no arquiteto, a fim de registrar todas as suas ações durante o processo. Houve um registro preciso dos períodos de desenho e pausa, com o objetivo de fornecer uma interpretação do procedimento de projeto de cada arquiteto na definição do partido arquitetônico. Esse registro contribuiu para apresentar uma representação gráfica da frequência do processo de projeto, na qual estão situados os momentos em que os projetistas conceberam questões centrais para o partido. Os arquitetos também foram entrevistados, e seus projetos resultantes foram confrontados, observando os seguintes parâmetros: (i) ocupação do local x topografia x áreas abertas; (ii) setorização e funcionalidade; (iii) geometria e volume. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que as restrições autoimpostas desempenham um papel importante na definição do partido, confirmando a contribuição deste estudo para a compreensão de estratégias elaboradas na concepção do projeto arquitetônico. WILSON FLORIO, RAFAEL PERES MATEUS PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cognição em projeto. Processo de projeto. Protocolos de análise.
Investigation of several proxies to estimate sulfuric acid concentration in volcanic plume conditions

20 Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is commonly accepted as a key precursor for atmospheric new particle formation (NPF). However, direct measurements of [H2SO4] remain challenging, thus preventing the determination of this important quantity, and, consequently, a complete understanding of its contribution to the NPF process. Several proxies have been developed to bridge the gaps, but their ability to predict [H2SO4] in very specific conditions such as those encountered in volcanic plumes (including in particular high sulphur dioxide mixing ratios) has not been evaluated so far. In this context, the main objective of the present study was 25 to develop new proxies for daytime [H2SO4] in volcanic plume conditions and compare their performance to that of the proxies available in the literature. In specific, the data collected at Maïdo during the OCTAVE 2018 campaign, in the volcanic eruption plume of the Piton de la Fournaise, were first used to derive seven proxies based on the knowledge of sulphur dioxide (SO2) mixing ratio, global radiation, condensation sink (CS) and relative humidity (RH). In three of the seven proxies (F1-F3), all variables were given equal weight in the prediction of [H2SO4], while adjusted powers were allowed for the different variables 30 in the other four proxies (A1-A4). Proxies A1-A4 were overall found to perform better compared to F1-F3, with, in specific, improved predictive ability for [H2SO4] > 2×10 cm. The CS was observed to play an important role in regulating [H2SO4], while, in contrast, the inclusion of RH did not improve the predictions. A last expression accounting for an additional sink term related to cluster formation, S1, was also tested and showed a very good predictive ability over the whole range of measured [H2SO4]. The newly developed proxies were in a second step further evaluated using airborne measurements 35 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-636 Preprint. Discussion started: 10 September 2020 c © Author(s) 2020. CC BY 4.0 License.
Preparation of Movement

It is widely believed that voluntary movements must be prepared before they are executed, but there is so far little consensus on exactly what mechanisms and computations must occur prior to a movement. Here, we argue that movement preparation is most usefully thought of as a process of setting an appropriate state for the motor system that poises it to generate a particular desired movement. This process, which can occur in as little as 50 ms, does not directly trigger movement initiation, nor is it required to initiate a movement. Instead, initiation of movement is determined by a distinct process, independent of the state of movement preparation. We suggest that, during the course of determining a task goal, or making a decision, the prepared state is continually updated as the desired movement changes in light of new evidence and beliefs. This ensures that the motor system is able to generate an appropriate movement as rapidly possible when necessary.
Rustle as an Attribute of Timbre of Stationary Violin Tones

During listening tests respondents were asked to describe in words the timbre of stationary violin tones of five different notes. A very high frequency of occurrence of the word 'rustle' ('šustivý' in Czech) was found for the highest tested D6 note. A significant positive correlation was found between frequencies of occurrence of the word 'rustle' and levels a) in third-octave bands below the fundamental frequency and b) higher harmonic components. The substantial influence of the spectral component below the fundamental on the perception of 'rustle' was verified by subsequent listening to the original and by filtering modified tones. The spectral component responsible for 'rustle' originated in the neighbourhood of violin body resonance modes A0, T1, and C3. The mean SPL of these spectral components is the only quantity able to distinguish tones with different magnitude of 'rustle'.
Prosopis juliflora leave extracts induce cell death of MCF-7, HepG2, and LS-174T cancer cell lines

Prosopis juliflora (P. juliflora) is a widespread phreatophytic tree, which belongs to the Fabaceae family. The goal of the present study is to investigate the potential anti-cancer effect of P. juliflora leave extracts and to identify its chemical composition. For this purpose, MCF-7 (breast), HepG2 (liver), and LS-174T (colorectal) cancer cell lines were cultivated and incubated with various concentrations of P. juliflora leave extracts, and its impact on cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle stages was investigated. P. juliflora leave extracts induced concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against all tested cancer cell lines. The calculated IC50 was 18.17, 33.1 and 41.9 μg/ml for MCF-7, HePG2 and LS-174T, respectively. Detailed analysis revealed that the cytotoxic action of P. juliflora extracts was mainly via necrosis but not apoptosis. Moreover, DNA content flow cytometry analysis showed cell-specific anti-proliferative action and cell cycle stages arrest. In order to identify the anti-cancer constituents of P. juliflora, the ethyl extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major constituents identified in the ethyl extracts of P. juliflora leaves were hydroxymethyl-pyridine, nicotinamide, adenine, and poly-(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). In conclusion, P. juliflora ethyl acetate extracts have a potential anti-cancer effect against breast adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal adenocarcinoma, and is enriched with anti-cancer constituents. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
Preparing for Success Searching for a Heavy Non-qq̄ Meson in Υ(6S) Decays at Belle II

While qq̄ mesons and qqq baryons are ubiquitous in particle physics, the higher order qqq̄q̄ mesons and qqqqq̄ baryons are rarely seen, despite being completely allowed by quantum chromodynamics. In 2016, an analysis using data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e+e− collider found evidence for a qqq̄q̄ meson of 10610 MeV, referred to as Z b (10610), in Υ(6S) decays. We perform an MC analysis of Υ(6S) → [Z b (10610)→ πhb(1P )]π− and relevant continuum events to assess how to best see this qqq̄q̄ candidate in the upcoming sequel experiment, Belle II. We are able to measure the Z b using pion recoil mass distributions within error of the recorded invariant mass, for both Phase II and Phase III of Belle II detector geometries. We also improve upon the continuum suppression techniques implemented in the 2016 analysis, first by implementing a better selection criterion based on Fox-Wolfram moment, R2, and secondly by using TMVA toolkit to consider a set of continuum suppression selection criteria. Statement of Originality Chapter 1 is a review of relevant exotic QCD literature and previous exotic experiments. Chapter 2 is a review of the Belle II Detector, based on design reports and letters of intent. Chapter 3, 4 and 5 contain an original analysis based on MC created by the Belle II Collaboration. Acknowledgements It takes a village to raise a child. This thesis is a reflection not only of my efforts, but of those who have supported me. Firstly, to Professor Geoff Taylor, for taking me under his wing as my Masters supervisor. Thanks for the scotch and fountain pen advice. Dr. Phill Urquijo’s generous experimental intuition has also been invaluable to this analysis Secondly, to my hermaño, Rob “Boston Rob” Muñoz. You’re the best thing to come out of Queensland, I’m so glad to have shared a supervisor with you. Thirdly, to Cate Macqueen. You are a fantastic physicist and my physics life better for having you in it. I want to be you when I grow up My page count does not allow for me to name every member of Shanette Village, but the largest amount of thanks goes to Scott Williams. His support was comprehensive over the two years of this Masters degree, whether it be bringing raisin toast when I couldn’t bring myself to cook, a lift home on when I was lazy, or every single time he forced me out of bed. It was with his support that I succeed in completing this thesis. Also, thanks to him for building layer 3 of the SVD. i
Linguistic Distance and Economic Prosperity: A Cross-Country Analysis

We investigate the impacts of access to domestic and international communication on economic development by constructing two indices of linguistic distance—domestic and international—, capturing language acquisition costs, which are higher when acquiring linguistically more distant languages. While the domestic linguistic distance index captures the constraints of communication among speakers of different mother tongues within a country, the international linguistic distance index captures the constraints of global communication via English. We find that domestic linguistic distance has a negative impact on GDP per capita, while international linguistic distance has no significant impact. In addition, we conduct quantile regressions to see if the negative effect of the domestic linguistic distance differs across quantiles of GDP per capita. The analysis reveals that the domestic linguistic distance index robustly has a negative impact on GDP per capita for countries over various quantiles, but that there is no clear tendency of a heterogeneous impact on economic prosperity across quantiles given by the domestic linguistic distance. JEL code: O1, O5, F5
Opinion piece: non-traditional practical work for traditional campuses

ABSTRACT Traditional practical work for higher education in STEM subjects is under pressure from rising student numbers and adesired increase in active learning. Investing in more buildings and staff is financially challenging, while stretching existing resources affects outcomes, health, and participation. A more pragmatic approach is to embrace a less instrumentalist view of practical work in physical spaces and instead adopt a critical post-humanist approach which mixes both humanity and technology to achieve a sum greater than the parts, not bound by the limits of either. We share the experiences of leading UK exponents of non-traditional laboratories in the four main categories of simulation, virtual laboratories, real-asynchronous, and real-synchronous activities, as well as experts in scaling digital education initiatives for university-wide adoption. We foreshadow opportunities, challenges and potential solutions to increasing the opportunity for active learning by students studying at traditional campuses, via the complementary addition of non-traditional practical work.