Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glass Ceilings and Catfights: Career Barriers for Professional Women in Academia

Women continue to struggle to reach parity in the workplace, constantly hitting their heads on the glass ceiling. The inability to break through this barrier may lead women to develop covert actions to create an advantage over their competition. The existing literature on the relationships of women and men in the workplace provides some insight to the struggles that occur when one gender could be considered a professional minority. In addition, some researchers have studied the working relationships of women in the business environment, but there is a deficiency in the literature of the working relationships among women in academic organizations. The purpose of our study was to explore the challenges of female relationships in the community college workplace, as women continue to dominate these institutions as both employees and students.A psychodynamic perspective was used as the theoretical framework for the study. We sought to assess the perceptions of female professional staff in public community colleges of how women supported the career advancement of their female peers, as well as how their supervisors and departments supported the professional development of potential female leaders. The results of the mixed method study identified two areas of limitations for women within community college environments: interpersonal and institutional cultural. The results of the quantitative analysis identified that a majority of females felt their peers were supportive of the career advancement of their female colleagues. The qualitative results of the study painted a different picture, indicating that women may use covert actions to compete with and hold back their female colleagues.
Definition, epidemiology, diagnosis, natural history

SUMMARY Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is considered part of a broader spectrum of symptoms, known collectivelly as functional abdominal disorders. It is characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habit, with features of disordered defecation and distention. IBS is a remarkably common condition affecting up to 20% of the general population with a female predominance, depending on the diagnostic criteria used and the weight given to various symptoms. The incidence of the disease has been estimated at almost 1% per year. Although only a minority of people with IBS seek medical advice, IBS is the most common disorder seen in gastroenterology practice. To date no structural or pathophysiological abnormality has been discovered to explain IBS symptoms. Therefore, consensus-based diagnostic criteria are at present used for a positive diagnosis of IBS on clinical grounds. The initial approach also includes physical examination and a conservative set of screening studies but upon specific indications, further investigation may be required. Once the diagnosis is established, the incidence of serious organic diseases is extremely low. Nevertheless, IBS is considered a chronic, although benign, disorder, with variable course in the general population, and significant impact on quality of life. Key words: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), prevalence, incidence, diagnostic criteria, prognosis.
Role of Micro-organisms in Caries Etiology

The microbial etiology of dental caries is discussed in terms of the dynamic relationship among the dental plaque microbiota, dietary carbohydrate, saliva, and the pH-lowering and cariogenic potential of dental plaque. The evidence supports a concept of caries as a dietary carbohydrate-modified bacterial infectious disease. Its key feature is a dietary carbohydrate-induced enrichment of the plaque microbiota with organisms such as the mutans streptococci and lactobacilli which causes an increase of plaque's pH-lowering and cariogenic potential. The shift in the plaque proportions of these organisms appears to be related to their relatively high acid tolerance.A large body of evidence also supports a major effect of saliva on caries development. Integration of salivary effects with the concept of caries as a dietary carbohydrate-modified bacterial infectious disease suggests a broader concept whichincludes a major role of saliva in the regulation of the exposure of tooth surfaces to carbohydrate and of pla.
Why herbal cure for Tuberculosis may come from Africa Re: Olugbuyiro J.A.O, Moody JO and Hamann MT AntiMtb activity of triterpenoid-rich fractions from Spondias mombin L

Can common African plants bring a lasting solution to increasing cases of tuberculosis (TB)? This is a question scientists are looking into to see whether leaves used in the community to treat this disease are actually effective. Tuberculosis and leprosy are the most common and most deadly infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, respectively. Globally, an increased number of persons are contracting these germs that cause tuberculosis. Worldwide, about 1.6 billion are infected with tuberculosis and perhaps only 15 million end up with active TB disease at any given time.
Service Quality, Customer (Patient) Satisfaction and Behavioural Intention in Health Care Services: Exploring the Indian Perspective

As the health care sector in India gets more competitive, health care practitioners and academic researchers are increasingly interested in exploring how patients perceive the quality before building up their satisfaction levels and generating behavioural intentions. Hospitals today are increasingly realizing the need to focus on service quality as a measure to improve their competitive position. Customer based determinants and perceptions of service quality, therefore, play an important role when choosing a hospital. In this paper, we examine and measure the quality of services and its outcomes (patient’s satisfaction and behavioural intentions) provided by hospitals. In this regard, a review of literature on measuring service quality, patient satisfaction and behavioural intentions in health care scenario has been considered to investigate the direct influence of service quality on behavioural intentions and the mediating role of customer satisfaction on influencing behavioural intentions. The study focuses only on health care services offered by hospitals. Till today, few studies in the developing nations were conducted to understand the types of relationship that exists between three key constructs—service quality, patient satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Majority of the studies have been done in the developed country context, which cannot be generalized in the Indian context. It has been contended that constructs of service quality that are developed in one culture might not be applicable in another culture. This study analyses the suitability of service quality to improve customer satisfaction and in the process positively impacting behavioural intentions in the health care setting.
RENAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE SYMPOSIUM: Disablement and Rehabilitation in End‐Stage Renal Disease

Patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) are encumbered by disabilities in spite of advances in medical treatments. Research shows that exercise training is one way to improve physical work capacity and reduce functional limitations that impede role behaviors, such as shopping, personal care, homemaking, and yard maintenance. However, exercise training does not ameliorate some of the psychosocial and environmental factors that exacerbate disabilities for patients with ESRD. A disability process model described in this review illustrates that disability prevention may be more effective if exercise rehabilitation is integrated with self‐management education. Research is needed to delineate which disabilities in patients with ESRD are a product of psychosocial factors and physical environments. Once identified, those disability risk factors that are amenable to change can guide the development of tailored rehabilitation interventions.
Synergistic role of self-emulsifying lipids and nanostructured porous silica particles in optimizing the oral delivery of lovastatin.

AIM To investigate the role of self-emulsifying lipids and porous silica particles in enhancing supersaturated drug loading and biopharmaceutical performance of nanostructured silica-lipid hybrid (SLH) systems. MATERIALS & METHODS Two lovastatin (LOV)-SLHs were engineered from self-emulsifying lipid (Gelucire(®) 44/14; Gattefossé, Lyon, France) and Aerosil(®) 380 (SLH-A; Evonik Industries, Essen, Germany) or Syloid(®) 244FP silica (SLH-S; Grace Davison Discovery Sciences, Rowville, Australia). RESULTS & DISCUSSION The LOV-SLHs encapsulated LOV at 10% w/w, which is ≥3-fold higher than typical lipid formulations in the absence of porous silica. The LOV-SLHs retained self-emulsifying lipid-associated solubilization benefits and improved drug solubilization by twofold in simulated intestinal condition. SLH-S, with larger surface area (299 m(2)/g), was superior to SLH-A (184 m(2)/g) in optimizing oral bioavailability, suggesting a critical role of the silica geometry. Bioavailability of SLH-S was 2.8- and 1.3-fold higher than pure drug and drug suspension in Gelucire 44/14, respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, SLHs profit from advantages associated with both self-emulsifying lipids and porous silica, and provide potentially improved therapy against coronary artery disease.
Reliability of Portable Blood Glucose Meters for Using in Small Animal Hospital

The objective of this study was to compare blood glucose concentrations obtained from two portable blood glucose meters (PBGM), Sure-step ™ and Accucheck ™ , with reference method, glucose oxidase test. Blood samples were collected from dogs consulting in Small Animal Hospital, Chulalongkorn University. A hundred and thirty four blood samples were collected in the study. Blood glucose concentrations were measured by using Sure-step™, Accucheck™ and glucose oxidase method respectively in all samples. The intra-class correlation was determined to evaluate the correlation between each PBGM and glucose oxidase test. The range of the blood glucose concentrations was 31.47 to 347.49 mg/dl. Overall intra-class correlation showed significant ( p< 0.05) in comparison of two PBGMs with the standard method (r=0.847 and 0.839 for Sure-step™ and Accucheck™ respectively). Range of 15% deviation from reference method-value was accepted to access PBGMs clinically. The greater percentage of sample in particular range was observed in Sure-step™ (42.86%) rather than Accucheck™ (22.56%). In conclusion, although commercially available PBGM provided blood glucose concentration reasonably close to those obtained with reference method, Sure-step™ seemed to be more accurate than Accucheck™. However the utilization of these devices in terms of clinical decision could lead to erroneous in some cases.
MRI-guided clinical 6-MV radiosensitization of glioma using a unique gadolinium-based nanoparticles injection.

AIM This study reports the use of gadolinium-based AGuIX nanoparticles (NPs) as a theranostic tool for both image-guided radiation therapy and radiosensitization of brain tumors. MATERIALS & METHODS Pharmacokinetics and regulatory toxicology investigations were performed on rodents. The AGuIX NPs' tumor accumulation was studied by MRI before 6-MV irradiation. RESULTS AGuIX NPs exhibited a great safety profile. A single intravenous administration enabled the tumor delineation by MRI with a T1 tumor contrast enhancement up to 24 h, and the tumor volume reduction when combined with a clinical 6-MV radiotherapy. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the efficacy and the potential of AGuIX NPs for image-guided radiation therapy, promising properties that will be assessed in the upcoming Phase I clinical trial.
PLGA nanoparticles with CD133 aptamers for targeted delivery and sustained release of propranolol to hemangioma.

AIM To develop propranolol-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle with CD133 aptamers (PPN-CD133) to treat infantile hemangioma. MATERIALS & METHODS The antihemangioma activity and mechanism of PPN-CD133 were evaluated. RESULTS & CONCLUSION PPN-CD133 are of desired size (143.7 nm), drug encapsulation efficiency (51.8%) and sustained drug release for 8 days. PPN-CD133 could effectively bind to CD133+ hemangioma stem cells, resulting in enhanced cytotoxic effect and reduced expression of angiogenesis factors in hemangioma stem cells. The therapeutic effect of PPN-CD133 in hemangioma was superior to that of untargeted PPN and propranolol in vivo, as reflected by reduced hemangioma volume, weight and microvessel density. PPN-CD133 represents a very promising approach to locally and efficiently deliver propranolol leading to significant inhibition of infantile hemangioma.
Frequency-resolved Raman for transient thermal probing and thermal diffusivity measurement.

A new transient Raman thermal probing technique, frequency-resolved Raman (FR-Raman), is developed for probing the transient thermal response of materials and measuring their thermal diffusivity. The FR-Raman uses an amplitude-modulated square-wave laser for simultaneous material heating and Raman excitation. The evolution profile of Raman properties: intensity, Raman wavenumber, and emission, against frequency are reconstructed and used for fitting to determine the thermal diffusivity. A microscale silicon (Si) cantilever is used to investigate the capacity of this new technique. The thermal diffusivity is determined as 9.57×10-5 m2/s, 11.00×10-5 m2/s, and 9.02×10-5 m2/s via fitting Raman intensity, wavenumber, and total Raman emission, respectively. The results agree well with literature data. The FR-Raman provides a novel way for transient thermal probing with very high temporal resolution and micrometer-scale spatial resolution.
Comparison of life quality between special care units and internal- surgical nurses

Aims: Different occupational environments affect the quality of life and occupational stress has serious effects on health and life quality. Paying attention to nurses’ health and quality of life and keeping them healthy is of great importance, first of all as a human being and then as people who are responsible for health of other society members. This study was performed to compare the quality of life in nurses of special care units and internal-surgical wards. Methods: This descriptive-cross sectional study was performed on 250 nurses working in special care units and internalsurgical wards in two of Tehran’s educational hospitals in 2008. Study units were selected by systematic random sampling. Data collection tools were demographic data questionnaire and SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical indices and inferential non-parametric statistical tests including Chi square, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis and Spearman test by SPSS 15 software. Results: Mean scores of physical and mental health and total quality of life scores, showed significant difference between nurses of special care units and internal-surgical wards (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between type of ward, economic, social and occupational satisfaction and quality of life (p<0.05). Conclusion: Regarding some inevitable stressful factors in nursing occupation and the necessity of preventing physical, mental and behavioral consequences of stress on nurses, measures should be taken in order to develop their occupational environment and quality of life. Also, teaching oppositional methods to nurses is suggested.
Mythology of Antioxidant Vitamins?

Decades of overly exuberant antioxidant vitamin claims, regarding disease prevention and antiaging, have not been supported by rigorous scientific testing and negative studies have been largely denied or ignored by the dietary supplement industry. Myths, half truths, and outright lies are commonly used to promote their sales since there is minimal governmental oversight of their effectiveness or of their harmful potential. The free radical theory, which served as the basis of antioxidant vitamin studies to prevent disease, lacks predictability, fails to meet the requirements of the scientific method, and has consequently been invalidated. Antioxidant vitamins have such widespread use that their potential to do harm has become a global public health issue. We must follow the fundamental medical precept of Hippocrates: ‘‘First, do no harm. ’’ We must separate fact from factitious and ‘‘myths of marketing’’ from scientific truths.
Evaluación de una intervención de educación nutricional en profesores y alumnos de prebásica y básica de la comuna de los Andes en Chile

: The objective of the study was to assess the impact of a nutrition education program for teachers to improve food knowledge, food consumption and the nutritional status of their pre basic and basic students. A quasi-experimental study was carried out, with a pre-post evaluation of food knowledge, food consumption and nutritional status. The sample was 25 teachers and 465 students in Los Andes, with 352 students as control group in San Felipe. The nutrition intervention consisted in 9 interactive workshops for teachers during 5 months, transferring the information to the students. In the experimental group there was a significant improvement in food knowledge and a decrease in non-healthy food consumption in students, compared with the control group, without changes in nutritional status. In conclusion, the intervention in teachers improved food knowledge and healthy food consumption in students. As a consequence of the short period of intervention, the nutritional status did not change. If these strategies are maintained over time and incorporated to the school curricula could achieve more significant results, in particular if parents are incorporated in school nutrition education programs.
A Concise View of Risk Management for Agrosecurity

Abstract Agrosecurity risks can be readily classified either by their risk nature (such as plant, animal, or human disease) or by their potential impact. Strategies to address agrosecurity risks would include: (A) managing risk by prevention, (B) managing risk by intervention, (C) managing risk through collaboration, and (D) managing risk through communication. Successful risk management will build upon scientific risk assessment, will involve careful planning and preparation, and will require rapid response capability and maintaining open communication channels.
CORR Insights 1 : One-stage Revision With Catheter Infusion of Intraarticular Antibiotics Successfully Treats Infected

A s a greater number of total joint arthroplasties are being performed worldwide, the number of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) is also increasing. The treatment of infection, particularly when two-stage exchange arthroplasty is employed, is invasive and associated with considerable morbidity. Drs. Whiteside and Roy explore an ambitious alternative: Treating PJI with one surgical procedure by augmenting it with catheter infusion of intraarticular antibiotics. This study highlights two important points: (1) The possibility that we can arrive at less-morbid surgical approaches to treat PJI, and (2) the desire to use novel local delivery methods to decrease the risk of infection recurrence. One-stage exchange arthroplasty for treating PJI was first initiated at the ENDO-Klinik (Hamburg, Germany) in 1976, where it was performed as a radical débridement of soft tissue and exchange of all components in a single procedure [3, 12]. Patients treated with one-stage exchange arthroplasty demonstrated high functional outcome scores, high success of infection eradication, and cost savings for undergoing only one surgical procedure in specific patient populations [6, 9]. While two-stage exchange arthroplasty for treating PJI has been widely reported, fewer studies report the results of one-stage exchange arthroplasty, and the success rate of surgery is variable [7, 8]. In order to improve the success rate of infection treatment and to decrease the recurrence of infection, novel methods for augmenting surgical débridements were developed to provide local antibiotic delivery. The use of a Hickman catheter to treat infected TKA patients was first described in 2011, and reported a 94% success rate based on infection recurrence [13–15]. The benefit of this delivery method is that antibiotic delivery can be continuously administered. Other methods of antibiotic delivery include polymethylmethacrylate cement, gels, ointments, sponges, fleeces, pastes and beads [4, 5]. This CORR Insights is a commentary on the article ‘‘One-stage Revision With Catheter Infusion of Intraarticular Antibiotics Successfully Treats Infected THA’’ by Whiteside and colleagues available at: DOI: 10.1007/s11999-016-4977-y. The author certifies that she, or a member of her immediate family, has no funding or commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/ licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request. The opinions expressed are those of the writers, and do not reflect the opinion or policy of CORR or The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons. This CORR Insights comment refers to the article available at DOI: 10.1007/s11999-0164977-y.
Discriminant Analysis of Fused Positive and Negative Ion Mobility Spectra Using Multivariate Self-Modeling Mixture Analysis and Neural Networks

A new method coupling multivariate self-modeling mixture analysis and pattern recognition has been developed to identify toxic industrial chemicals using fused positive and negative ion mobility spectra (dual scan spectra). A Smiths lightweight chemical detector (LCD), which can measure positive and negative ion mobility spectra simultaneously, was used to acquire the data. Simple-to-use interactive self-modeling mixture analysis (SIMPLISMA) was used to separate the analytical peaks in the ion mobility spectra from the background reactant ion peaks (RIP). The SIMPLSIMA analytical components of the positive and negative ion peaks were combined together in a butterfly representation (i.e., negative spectra are reported with negative drift times and reflected with respect to the ordinate and juxtaposed with the positive ion mobility spectra). Temperature constrained cascade-correlation neural network (TCCCN) models were built to classify the toxic industrial chemicals. Seven common toxic industrial chemicals were used in this project to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. Ten bootstrapped Latin partitions demonstrated that the classification of neural networks using the SIMPLISMA components was statistically better than neural network models trained with fused ion mobility spectra (IMS).