Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Difference of shortening strain for the crustal deformation model in the eastern and western Qaidam Basin and their implications, northern Tibetan Plateau, China

To recognize the differences in the west–east crustal deformation model of the Qaidam Basin, we presented the shortening amount of each fold and fault along 12 sections. According to the eastward weakening trend of shortening strain in the southwestern part of the basin and the non‐continuous trend in the northeastern part of the basin, the Qaidam Basin can be divided by a new line into the western Qaidam Basin (WQB) and the eastern Qaidam Basin (EQB). The WQB is characterized by a maximum shortening strain of 25%, transpressional structures, and crust–mantle decoupling, which is possibly weakened by the eastward extension of the crust–mantle mix zone caused by upwelling material along the Altyn Tagh Fault (ATF). In contrast, the EQB is characterized by a minimum shortening strain of 2%, pure thrust boundary faults, and gentle folds, which is defined as a rigid craton basin. The crust–mantle mix zone beneath ATF and the low‐velocity zone beneath the eastern Kunlun Shan show the limited impact of the lithospheric weakening on the EQB. The Miocene reorganization of the ATF is the key tectonic event that accounts for the differences in the east–west crustal deformation model of the Qaidam Basin, as it weakened the lithosphere and facilitated the transpressional structures of the WQB. The WQB was originally a rigid craton basin like the EQB, but it became a destabilized craton after the a forementioned tectonic event.
Quantifying investment facilitation at country level: Introducing a new index

This article introduces a new and unique dataset for measuring the adoption of investment facilitation measures at country level. The Investment Facilitation Index (IFI) covers 117 individual investment facilitation measures, clustered in six policy areas, and maps their adoption for 86 countries. This article presents the conceptual and methodological background of the IFI and provides a first analysis of the level of adoption of investment facilitation measures across countries participating in the investment facilitation for development negotiations in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Our dataset reveals novel insights. Countries which have lower levels of adoption belong to the low-income and lower-middle-income country group and are often located in Africa, the Middle East and to some extent Latin America and the Caribbean. The strong correlation between FDI and the IFI score shows that countries with the lowest levels of FDI, and thus in need of policy tools to attract FDI, have the lowest levels of adoption when it comes to investment facilitation measures. Our dataset has direct relevance for current policy discussions on investment facilitation for development in the WTO but also for domestic-level policy-making. Furthermore, the IFI provides the basis for a future research agenda to assess the design and impact of a future WTO agreement.
Total Quality Management and Customer Loyalty: A Survey of the Quality Management

Objective: Total quality management (TQM) is a useful tool for improving the perceived service quality to increase the customers’ satisfaction (CS) and to maintain their loyalty. The purpose of this study examines TQM in relation to CS and loyalty. Method: A self-administered questionnaire was administered to the inpatients who were treated at the National Cancer Hospital, in Vietnam, in April 2018. A total of 516 documents used the analyzed procedure. The dataset was analyzed via the SPSS software 25.0, and the Amos 25.0. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the structural equation modeling of the proposed hypotheses. Results: TQM directly influences CS and has a positive influence on loyalty. Our findings revealed that TQM is the key factor that directly influences CS and loyalty; CS performs a mediating role in the relationship between TQM and loyalty. Implications: The findings have implications for managers and policymakers that TQM factors include Process, Interaction, and Environment quality should be considered in planning with an aim to increase CS and to maintain their loyalty. Therefore, it increases profits for providers that contribute to sustainable survival in a competitive environment. Besides, satisfaction is a mediator factor of TQM and loyalty, so the service organization should consider customers’ satisfaction to maintain loyalty.
State of the Art Cell Detection in Bone Marrow Whole Slide Images

Context: Diseases of the hematopoietic system such as leukemia is diagnosed using bone marrow samples. The cell type distribution plays a major role but requires manual analysis of different cell types in microscopy images. Aims: Automated analysis of bone marrow samples requires detection and classification of different cell types. In this work, we propose and compare algorithms for cell localization, which is a key component in automated bone marrow analysis. Settings and Design: We research fully supervised detection architectures but also propose and evaluate several techniques utilizing weak annotations in a segmentation network. We further incorporate typical cell-like artifacts into our analysis. Whole slide microscopy images are acquired from the human bone marrow samples and annotated by expert hematologists. Subjects and Methods: We adapt and evaluate state-of-the-art detection networks. We further propose to utilize the popular U-Net for cell detection by applying suitable preprocessing steps to the annotations. Statistical Analysis Used: Evaluations are performed on a held-out dataset using multiple metrics based on the two different matching algorithms. Results: The results show that the detection of cells in hematopoietic images using state-of-the-art detection networks yields very accurate results. U-Net-based methods are able to slightly improve detection results using adequate preprocessing – despite artifacts and weak annotations. Conclusions: In this work, we propose, U-Net-based cell detection methods and compare with state-of-the-art detection methods for the localization of hematopoietic cells in high-resolution bone marrow images. We show that even with weak annotations and cell-like artifacts, cells can be localized with high precision.
Polarization-Insensitive Metalens and Its Applications to Reflectarrays With Polarization Diversity

A synthesized strategy for achieving polarization-insensitive metalens is proposed by imposing identical parabolic phase patterns individually on two decoupled left-handed (spin up, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma +$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and right-handed (spin down, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma -$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) circular polarization (CP) channels of an anisotropic scheme. This is enabled by synergizing dynamic phases and local geometric phases within 0° and 90° rotations. As a consequence, similar focusing behavior is expected when it is illuminated by a plane wave of arbitrary polarization since any incoming wave is a superposition of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma +$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma -$ </tex-math></inline-formula> wave. Such an intriguing feature can be utilized to engineer a polarization-insensitive reflectarray/transmitarray in a shared aperture by placing a feeding source of different polarizations at its focal spot without altering the array aperture. Therein, the polarization of the meta-array is determined by its feeding which is readily to be changed in practice. For demonstration and possible applications, two reflectarrays composed of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$50\times50$ </tex-math></inline-formula> elements at Ku band with one in normal and the other in offset configuration were designed and experimentally characterized. Numerical and experimental results illustrate that both reflectarrays are able to work in Dual linear polarization (LP) and Dual CP states by utilizing LP and CP horns of different orientations. Moreover, the versatile polarization-agile property does not pose a significant penalty on its radiation performance and both reflectarrays exhibit a measured peak aperture efficiency of 63.8% and 39.6%, respectively, near 14 GHz, and a 1 dB gain bandwidth more than 11.8%.
Is obesity associated with foot structure and the strength of muscles that move the ankle in adult men?

Background and objective: Obesity is associated with several internal medicine diseases and also impacts the musculoskeletal system, particularly in the foot and ankle. Obesity potentially affects the foot structure and the strength of the muscles responsible for moving the ankle. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between obesity, foot structure and the strength of the muscles which move the ankle in adult men.Material and methods: 66 adult men were divided into a non-obese group (n = 19), an overweight group (n = 35) and an obese group (n = 12), based on each participant's body mass index (BMI). Foot structure was measured using a three-dimensional foot scanner and the strength of the muscles that move the ankle was assessed with a dynamometer.Results: The study demonstrated the height, width and girth indicators of the foot to be greater among those in the overweight and obese groups than participants in the non-obese group (p < 0.05) and positive relationships were discovered between BMI and instep height, forefoot and rearfoot width and forefoot and instep girth (r = 0.223–0.423, p < 0.05). The overweight and obese men exhibited lower strength in the muscles that move the ankle (peak torque per body weight) than the non-obese men (p < 0.05) and correlation analysis proved BMI to be positively associated with dorsiflexion peak torque at 30 and 120 ◦/s angular velocity (r = 0.385 and 0.310, p < 0.05) and negatively associated with plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, eversion and inversion peak torque per body weight at 30 ◦/s and 120 ◦/s angular velocity (r = –0.244–0.462, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the study show that the height, width, and girth of the foot are greater and the strength of the muscles responsible for moving the ankle is lower in overweight and obese men.
Folding-induced in-plane birefringence in homeotropically aligned graphene-oxide liquid crystal films formed by solution shear

ABSTRACT Graphene-oxide (GO) has been widely explored as a functional two-dimensional (2D) material. The GO-flakes self-assemble into colossal sheets of 2D aggregates with extreme flexibility and the GO-dispersion in water forms an alternately layered phase with nematic order. Highly ordered supramolecular anisotropic GO films can be fabricated by a hydraulic shear. For a uniform in-plane shear, it is generally known that GO aligns tangential to the shear plane, resulting in homeotropic orientation of the optic axis with no in-plane birefringence. However, it surprisingly results in uniform in-plane birefringence with the optic axis (Δn < 0) aligned perpendicular to the shear direction. The in-plane birefringence originates from the folding deformation of homeotropically aligned GO layers, rather than reorientation of pristine GO flakes. 2D GO aggregates are very large and flexible so that prone to be deformed by external force, rather than reorientation. For the alternately layered GO-LC phase, drying is a directional process so that major compression occurs predominantly along the layer-normal. As a result, both folding width and film thickness are reduced considerably and the folded band protrudes during a drying process. This folding-induced in-plane birefringence of GO-LCs provides useful insights for processing anisotropic 2D materials, beneficial for various electrical, optical, and mechanical applications. Graphical Abstract
A Study of the Extragalactic UV Radiation in Helix Nebula using GALEX

We have studied the ultraviolet sources using Galaxy Evolution Explorer medium imaging surveys in Helix Nebula and estimated UV fluxes by using aperture photometry in distant and near ultraviolet bands. The aperture photometric method produces reliable, accurate flux measurements and found inconsistent with the merged catalog of Galaxy Evolution Explorer. From the current results, the fluxes are consistent with brighter absolute magnitude up to 24.5 and the measurement error increases gradually to more than 50 % at the fainter magnitude side. Percentage of error in far UV is greater than near UV, due to the fact that brighter galaxies are more visible than the near UV sources. The diffuse UV contributors of zodiacal light, airglow contribution in the nebula were estimated. The total extragalactic UV radiation from the detected sources to the diffuse background in the nebula is of the order of 50 ± 14 photons cm-2sr-1s-1Å-1 in NUV band and 28 ±10 photons cm-2sr-1s-1Å-1 in FUV band. HIGHLIGHTS GALEX observations have the potential to find extragalactic UV sources Helix Nebula is first identified for distinct source detection Aperture photometric method can detect fainter sources up to the magnitude of 27 Extragalactic sources in the Helix nebula contribute to diffuse UV emission in the nebula GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Commercial implementation of genomic selection in Tasmanian Atlantic salmon: Scheme evolution and validation

Genomic information was included for the first time in the prediction of breeding values for Atlantic salmon within the Australian Salmon Enterprises of Tasmania Pty Ltd selective breeding program in 2016. The process to realize genomic selection in the breeding program begun in 2014 with the scheme finalized and fully implemented for the first time in 2018. The high potential of within family selection to accelerate genetic gain, something not possible using the traditional pedigree‐based approach, provided the impetus for implementation. Efficient and effective genotyping platforms are essential for genomic selection. Genotype data from high density arrays revealed extensive persistence of linkage disequilibrium in the Tasmania Atlantic salmon population, resulting in high accuracies of both imputation and genomic breeding values when using imputed data. Consequently, a low‐density novel genotype‐by‐sequence assay was designed and incorporated into the scheme. Through the use of a static high‐ and dynamic low‐density genotyping platforms, an optimized genotyping scheme was devised and implemented such that all individuals in every year class are genotyped efficiently while maximizing the genetic gains and minimizing costs. The increase in the rates of genetic gain attributed to the implementation of genomic selection is significant across both the breeding programs primary and secondary traits. Substantial improvement in the ability to select parents prior to progeny testing is observed across multiple years. The resultant economic impacts for the industry are considerable based on the increases in genetic gain for traits achieved within the breeding program and the use of genomic selection for commercial production.
Modelling of Turbulent Premixed CH4/H2/Air Flames Including the Influence of Stretch and Heat Losses

This paper presents a RANS turbulent combustion model for CH4/H2/air mixtures which includes the effect of heat losses and flame stretch. This approach extends a previous model concept designed for methane/air mixtures and improves the prediction of flame stabilization when hydrogen is added to the fuel. Heat loss and stretch effects are modelled by tabulating the consumption speed of laminar counter flow flames in a fresh-to burnt configuration with detailed chemistry at various heat loss and flame stretch values. These computed values are then introduced in the turbulent combustion model by means of a turbulent flame speed expression which is derived as a function of flame stretch, heat loss and H2 addition. The model proposed in this paper is compared to existing models on experimental data of spherical expanding turbulent flame speeds. The performance of the model is further validated by comparing CFD predictions to experimental data of an atmospheric turbulent premixed bluff-body stabilized flame fed with CH4/H2/air mixtures ranging from pure methane to pure hydrogen.
Synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial and antimycobacterial activities of some new pyrazole derivatives

: Pyrazoles and sulfonamides are ubiquitously classified as structural fragments in antimicrobial and antimycobacterial agents. In this present study, a series of 14 pyrazole based sulfonamide derivatives ( 7-20 ) were designed, synthesized regioisomeric structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. All target compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial potential against selected Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacterial strains as well as for their antimycobacterial activity. The bioactivity results demonstrated that all compounds showed selective antibacterial activity against B. subtilis with MIC values of 1-125 µg/mL. Especially, 1-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-N-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-3-methyl-1 H -pyrazole-5-carboxamide (9) , 1-[(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methyl]-N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (10) , N-(3,5-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-1-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (11) and 1-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (17) displayed the highest antibacterial activity against B. subtilis with MIC values of 1 µg/mL, which were more effective compared to the reference chloramphenicol. As a conclusion, the snythesized new pyrazole sulfonamides stand out as promising antimicrobial agents for further development.
Quantitative evaluation and significance of ultrasound in bronchoalveolar lavage for lung consolidation in children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lung ultrasound on bronchoalveolar lavage in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. Methods Thirty children with mycoplasma pneumonia who were treated with medication and bronchial lavage were selected. We collected the results of laboratory and imaging examinations after admission, and the changes in lung consolidation area were examined by ultrasound before, immediately upon completion, and at 1, 3, and 7 days after bronchoalveolar lavage. The effective factors affecting bronchial lavage were analyzed through logistic regression. Results Univariate regression analysis showed significant differences in the lung consolidation area at admission, before, immediately upon completion, and at 1 and 7 days after lavage, as well as in the disease course and atelectasis (or not). Multivariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences in the lung consolidation area at admission, atelectasis (or not), and disease course: lung consolidation area at admission [odds ratio (OR): 2.31512, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.00182, 0.031775), P=0.029474], atelectasis [OR: 2.695742, 95% CI: (0.079281, 0.597218), P=0.012629], and disease course [OR: −2.43347, 95% CI: (−0.02568, −0.00211), P=0.022773]. Conclusions Lung ultrasound can evaluate the effect of bronchial lavage through lung consolidation and atelectasis, which can provide a reference for clinical treatment.
Possible protective role of punicalagin on oxidative stress, inflammation and genotoxicity in ethanol-induced liver toxicity

: Alcohol consumption is a tradition in most cultures but are increasingly being arised as possessing a potential for misuse. Punicalagin is a phenolic compound that is found in forms alpha and beta in pomegranates. In this study, the protective role of punicalagin on oxidative stress, inflammation and DNA damage caused by ethanol (EtOH) in liver tissue were examined. Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups as control, eth, punicalagin, EtOH EtOH + punicalagin. In EtOH groups, rats were treated with EtOH (4g/kg) for 21 days, in punicalagin groups, rats were treated with punicalagin (4 mg/kg) for 21 days. In the liver tissue, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, in serum AST, ALT, LDH activities and TNF-α, IL-6 levels were measured. Genotoxicity was evaluated using comet assay. Based on these experimental results, while EtOH increased ALT, AST and LDH enzyme activies and induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Punicalagin reduced IL-6, TNF-α, MDA levels, ALT, AST, LDH enzyme activities and increased SOD, CAT activities and GSH levels. EtOH significantly increased the percentage of damaged cells (type II, III and IV) and genetic damage index compared to the other groups (control, punicalagin and EtOH +punicalagin). Punicalagin was not genotoxic compared to the control. Furthermore, punicalagin reduced the genotoxic effect, induced by EtOH, with the sharp decrease in damaged cells (from 14.00±1.22 to 2.20±1.30) and genetic damage index (from 1.20±0.05 to 0.14±0.05). Punicalagin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and protective role against to ethanol induced liver toxicity.
Exploring the Impact of Urban Built Environment on Public Emotions Based on Social Media Data: A Case Study of Wuhan

In the era of public participation in government, public emotions and expectations are important considerations influencing urban construction, planning, and management. A desirable urban environment can make people feel at ease and comfortable and contribute to promoting positive public emotions. However, in the process of rapid urban development, the high-density and overloaded urban built environment has triggered people’s mental tension and anxiety and has contributed to negative emotions. Thus, this study aimed to explore the spatial distribution of public emotions and urban built environments in cities and to thoroughly investigate the correlation between urban built environments and public emotions. Considering the lack of dynamic elements analysis and emotions spatial analysis in previous studies, this study takes Wuhan City as an example, uses social media big data as the basis for text emotion analysis, introduces dynamic traffic elements, and establishes a multidimensional urban built environment measurement index system from five aspects: land use, spatial form, road and traffic, green space and open space, and daily life service facilities. Subsequently, the spatial distribution characteristics of public sentiment and urban built environment elements in Wuhan were analyzed. Finally, a geographically weighted regression method was used to analyze the degree of influence of different urban built environment elements on public emotions. The results showed that public emotions in Wuhan are not homogeneously distributed in terms of score and space and that there are significant differences. The urban built environment has a significant influence on public emotions. Higher land use mix, higher road network density, higher number of public transportation facilities, higher number of public open spaces, lower traffic congestion, and impact of freight transportation play important roles in promoting positive emotions. Therefore, in the process of urban construction, planners and decision makers should purposefully improve the quality of the built environment. Measures can include improving the mix of land functions, alleviating traffic congestion, avoiding the negative effects of freight traffic, rationally constructing green and open spaces, and improving various living facilities. This can help contribute toward improving urban functions and urban environments, and promote the construction of a people-oriented healthy city.