Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of a Mobile Device Application for Use in Sports-Related Concussion Balance Assessment

Abstract Background Balance assessment is necessary when evaluating athletes after a concussion. We investigated a mobile device application (app) for providing valid, reliable, and objective measures of static balance. Objectives The mobile device app would demonstrate similar test–retest reliability to force platform center of pressure (COP) sway variables and that SWAY scores and force platform COP sway variables would demonstrate good correlation coefficients. Methods Twenty-six healthy adults performed balance stances on a force platform while holding a mobile device equipped with SWAY (Sway Medical LLC) to measure postural sway based on acceleration changes detected by the mobile device's accelerometer. Participants completed four series of three 10-second stances (feet together, tandem, and single leg), twice with eyes open and twice with eyes closed. Test–retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Concurrent validity of SWAY scores and COP sway variables were determined with Pearson correlation coefficients. Results Reliability of SWAY scores was comparable to force platform results for the same test condition (ICC = 0.21–0.57). Validity showed moderate associations between SWAY scores and COP sway variables during tandem stance (r = –0.430 to –0.493). Lower SWAY scores, indicating instability, were associated with greater COP sway. Discussion The SWAY app is a valid and reliable tool when measuring balance of healthy individuals in tandem stance. Further study of clinical populations is needed prior to assessment use. Conclusion The SWAY app has potential for objective clinical and sideline evaluations of concussed athletes, although continued evaluation is needed.
Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor with Common-Mode Voltage Elimination

Abstract If the common-mode voltage in the induction motor drive is not eliminated, it may cause failure of motor bearings and malfunctioning of the electrical equipment associated with the drive. This article proposes the modified direct torque control technique to control the induction motor fed by three-level inverter, commonly called a neutral-point-clamped inverter. The selective voltage vectors in three-level inverter determine elimination of the common-mode voltage. The classic three-level direct torque control based on selection of 6-full, 6-half, and 2-zero voltage vectors out of available 27 is modified so that the 6-intermediate voltage vectors and a zero voltage vector are employed. A comparative investigation with another three-level direct torque control method which reduces both common-mode voltage and torque ripple is also carried out. These methods are compared with classic two-level direct torque control method in context of common-mode voltage, torque ripple, current total harmonic distortion (THD) and DC-link utilization. The simulation and experimental results validate the proposed common-mode voltage elimination and common-mode voltage reduction direct torque control techniques.
Carcass characteristics and fatty acid profile of the meat of Creole lambs supplemented with cottonseed and corn

: The objective was to evaluate the carcass characteristics and fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat of Creole lambs supplemented with cottonseed (CS) and ground corn (GC). Twenty-four (24) males of 90 d and 16 ± 2 kg of initial weight were used. The lambs were assigned to four treatments, T0: grazing; T1: grazing + 25%-CS + 75%-GC; T2: grazing + 50%-CS + 50%-GC and T3: grazing + 75%-CS + 25%-GC, under a complete randomized design. After 127 d of supplementation, the animals were slaughtered, and the hot and cold carcass was weighed. Two hundred grams of the Longissimus dorsi muscle were taken to evaluate the proportion of FAs in each animal using gas chromatography. An analysis of variance was developed to determine the effect of diet. The supplemented animals had an average weight of 32.15 kg, being higher ( P <0.05) than that registered by the lambs of the T0 (23.3 kg). Similarly, a higher average yield of the carcasses of lambs that received supplementation (48.2 vs 39.5 %) was observed. Palmitic and stearic FAs increased in the meat of supplemented animals ( P ≤0.05), especially in those fed the T2 diet. Supplementation with CS and GC positively altered ( P ≤0.05) the ratio of monounsaturated acids (MFAs) and polyunsaturated acids (PFAs). The treatments did not influence ( P >0.05) the MFA:SFA ratio and the atherogenicity index. However, the diet affected ( P <0.05) the desirable PFA:SFA and FA ratio. Supplementation with CS and GC positively influenced slaughter weight, carcass yield and fatty acid profile in lambs.
Unsupervised Data Pattern Discovery on the Cloud

Scientific research implies the production of data describing phenomena still not studied and well understood. Sometimes the amount and rate of generation of produced data can be overwhelming, and anyway tools supporting a computer assisted analysis of scientific data can support systematic forms of data driven analysis. Machine learning can be an instrument in an overall flow including domain experts and computer scientists. Adopted machine learning approaches need to be unsupervised, employing just the input data as a teacher. We propose a two-step workflow: (i) achieving a compact representation of elements of the dataset by means of representation learning techniques, shifting the analysis from cumbersome representations to compact vectors in a latent space, and (ii) clustering points associated to instances to suggest patterns to the domain experts that will evaluate their potential meaning within the domain. The paper presents the rationale of the approach within a cloud based setting, and first experiments on an image dataset from the literature.
Stochastic Modeling for Mobile Manipulators Stochastic Modeling for Mobile Manipulators

Mobile manipulators are valuable and highly desired in many fields, especially in industrial environments. However, determining the end effector position has been challenging for scenarios where the base moves at the same time that the arm follows commands to perform specific tasks. Earlier works have attempted to dynamically evaluate the problem of positioning error for mobile manipulators, but there is still room for further improvement. In this thesis, we devise a dynamical model that leverages stochastic search strategies for mobile manipulators. More specifically, we develop a dynamic model that estimates the position of the robot using an Unscented Kalman filter. Simulations using the Robot Operating System (ROS) and Gazebo were carried out to evaluate our model. Our results for the stochastic method show that it outperforms a deterministic approach (spiral search) under specific Kalman filter covariances of the process and observation noises. Compared to the state of the art, our proposed approach is more robust and efficient, proving to work under different arrangement scenarios with significant better performance.
Supplementary material for “Bianisotropy and magnetism in plasmonic gratings”

Here we give the cross-sections of the connected and control grating that have been used in the COMSOL simulations. The dimensions were chosen to best match those extracted from SEM images of the experimental structure. We rounded the corners to avoid unphysical singularities. The rounding was done using the ‘Fillet’tool in COMSOL 4.3a with rounding radius 21.8nm for the connected and 13.75nm for the control grating. The surrounding medium had a refractive index of N = 1.46, whereas permittivity data for evaporated gold [1] was used for the gratings.
LATVIAN GDP: TIME SERIES FORECASTING USING VECTOR AUTO REGRESSION

The target goal of this work is to develop a methodology of forecasting Latvian GDP using ARMA (AutoRegressive-Moving-Average) and VAR methods. The paper follows up with the papers published in the proceedings of the APLIMAT journal in 2011 - see (1). The algorithm is developed for finding optimal time series model for GDP forecasting. Latvian GDP data with quarterly observation frequency is taken as time series. ARMA and VAR Analysis of Latvian GDP, M2X and inflation indicators time series is performed. The set of models has been constructed. In order to check the accuracy of models, different residual tests are performed: autocorrelation, Portmaneteau, heteroscedasticity and normality of residual distribution. Models are compared in their forecast quality.
Stability Analysis of Earth Co-orbital Objects

In this paper, we investigate the stability of Earth co-orbital objects (ECOs) based on the torus structure. The Hamiltonian value is an index to evaluate co-orbital stability. According to topological characters of tadpole (TP), horseshoe (HS), quasi-satellite (QS), and critical compound surfaces in the torus space, the co-orbital area is divided into several regions in detail. We select 221 potential ECOs as representative samples. Numerical integration in the Sun–Earth system illustrates that most of objects above the collision line are short- or long-term stable ECOs in the QS–HS and QS–TP motions, and most of objects in the unstable region are unstable ones, which is in agreement with our semi-analytical conclusions. The stability of an ECO with a larger Hamiltonian value could be stronger. An efficient method to determine the long-term co-orbital stability of a potential ECO is proposed without long-term numerical integration. Numerical integration in the multiplanet model demonstrates that our stability analysis is still applicable for the real solar system. As an application of our stability analysis, two well-determined QS–HS ECOs above the collision line are identified and analyzed for the first time. For instance, the QS–HS state of 2019 VL5 can be sustained for more than 3000 yr, and its current HS state will be sustained for at least 800 yr.
“It’s Freedom to Put Things Where My Mind Wants”: Understanding and Improving the User Experience of Structuring Data in Spreadsheets

Despite efforts to augment or replace the 2-dimensional spreadsheet grid with formal data structures such as arrays and tables to ease formula authoring and reduce errors, the flexible grid remains overwhelmingly successful. Why? We interviewed a diverse sample of 21 spreadsheet users about their use of structure in spreadsheets. It emerges that data structuring is subject to a complex network of incentives and constraints, including factors extrinsic to spreadsheets such as the user’s expertise, auxiliary tools, and collaborator needs. Moreover, we find that table columns are an important abstraction, and that operations such as conditional formatting, data validation, and formula authoring can be implemented on table columns, rather than cell ranges. To probe this, we designed 4 click-through prototypes for a follow-up study with 20 participants. We found that although column operations improved the value proposition of structured tables, they are unlikely to supplant the advantages of the flexible grid.
Effect of nisin on the inhibition of the growth of Staphylococcus areus and on the sensory properties of coastal cheese

Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of food poisoning in humans. It is very common in dairy products made with raw milk, such as costeño cheese, an artisanal cheese common on Colombia’s Caribbean coast. Costeño cheeses from Montería, Colombia, were analyzed to quantify their S. aureus load, the effect of added nisin in inhibiting S. aureus growth in this matrix and on product sensory characteristics. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from commercial costeña cheeses and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nisin versus this microbe quantified. Costeña cheese was made containing 0, 500 and 625 IU/kg added nisin, S. aureus counts done at 0 and 24 h storage, and the results analyzed using a random design with 57 experimental units. Sensory evaluation was done with a triangular test involving a panel of 40 tasters to identify any differences in the sensory characteristics of costeño cheese with and without 500 IU/kg added nisin. All the commercial costeño cheeses were contaminated with S. aureus, but all identified strains were inhibited by 500 IU/ml nisin Rev Mex Cienc Pecu 2022;13(1): 272-286 273 (MIC). Addition of nisin during cheese production reduced (P≤0.05) S. aureus counts compared to a nisin-free control; at 24 h, nisin lowered S. aureus counts 2.3 log cycles in the 500 IU/kg nisin treatment and 1.9 log cycles in the 625 IU/kg treatment. Sensory characteristics did not differ (P≥0.05) between costeño cheese containing 500 IU nisin/kg and a nisin-free control. Addition of 500 IU/ml nisin to costeño cheese can inhibit S. aureus growth without affecting sensory characteristics.
Design Fault Based Testing Using Test Case Generation Technique

In this research paper, design a fault based testing tool based on their properties and it behavior (test cases for fault based testing) for software development. A requirement specification for a FBT is established that would involve studying the feature set offered by existing software testing tools, along with their limitations. The requirement set thus developed will be capable of overcoming the limitations of the limited feature sets of existing software tools and will also contribute to the design of a fault based testing tool using class diagram that includes most of the features required for a software testing tool .
Response to Comment on 'Spin-Orbit Logic with Magnetoelectric Nodes: A Scalable Charge Mediated Nonvolatile Spintronic Logic' (arXiv:1607.06690)

In this technical note, we address the comments on the energy estimates for Magnetoelectric Spin-orbit (MESO) Logic, a new logic device proposed by the authors. We provide an analytical derivation of the switching energy, and support it with time-domain circuit simulations using a self-consistent ferroelectric (FE) compact model. While the energy to charge a capacitor is dissipated in the interconnect and transistor resistance, we note that the energy to switch a capacitor and a FE is independent of the interconnect resistance value to the first order. Also device design can mitigate the parasitic energy losses. We further show the circuit simulations for a sub 10 aJ switching operation of a MESO logic device comprehending: a) Energy stored in multiferroic; b) Energy dissipation in the resistance of the interconnect, Ric ; c) Energy dissipation in the inverse spin-orbit coupling (ISOC) spin to charge converter Risoc; d) Supply, ground resistance, and transistor losses. We also identify the requirements for the resistivity of the spin-orbit coupling materials and address the effect of internal resistance of the spin to charge conversion layer. We provide the material parameter space where MESO (with a fan-out of 1 and interconnect) achieves sub 10 aJ switching energy with path for scaling via ferroelectric/magnetoelectric/spin-orbit materials development.
A simulation modeling framework to study transcriptional regulation through the dynamic changes in the configuration of DNA binding factors

Transcriptional regulation is the complex system behavior arising from the interaction of numerous regulators with the DNA. The DNA sequence contains the information for this complex system to produce precise gene expression at specific times and cellular locations. Despite the tremendous progress in understanding the behaviors of individual components, we are unable to predict transcriptional behavior from the signal encoded in a DNA sequence. To better understand transcriptional regulation, we need to construct interpretable, quantitative models of the regulation processes derived from fundamental biological principles. Models need to capture the mechanisms of the individual components and the interactions between components, including the transcriptional machinery itself. Models should be capable of capturing the regulation signal found in any DNA sequence and allow interrogation of the interactions that lead to transcription events. I have developed modeling frameworks that capture the behavior of individual components, the competition between components for interactions with the DNA, and more importantly, the dynamics of regulatory events occurring within individual cells. I can construct biologically realistic computational models that capture the inherent stochasticity and dynamics of regulatory interactions in simulations and visualize the results of configuration changes occurring in the components bound to the DNA. The form and content of this abstract are approved. I recommend its publication. Approved: Robin D. Dowell
Comparison between non contact and contact scanning systems for dimensional control

In the last years, the presence of non contact scanning systems has increased continuously in the industry. The main reason is that these systems lead to an important reduction in the inspection time and consequently a reduction in manufacturing costs while maintaining quality levels. The advantages of these systems are well known, such as the high speed data acquisition and the high number of captured points. However there exist some disadvantages, like the poor (undefined) accuracy when comparing with traditional touch trigger probe inspection systems. For this reason, scanning systems are mainly used in Reverse Engineering, heritage conservation or multimedia applications (movies, video games, etc.). In metrological applications, their validity has not been tested, in terms of geometric and dimensional tolerance control and accuracy. This work deals with this problem, performing a comparison between two scanning systems. To carry out this comparison, a laser triangulation sensor (LTS) and a touch trigger probe, both mounted on a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), have been used. The scope of this study is the measurement of surfaces representing canonical features: planes, spheres, cylinders (both outer and inner-holes) and conical surfaces (holes with countersink and counterbore). For this study, different test parts have been designed with different manufacturing features and good optical characteristics for the LTS. The test parts were designed taking into account previous studies about the influence of the machining process and surface finishing. The reconstruction of the feature surfaces and the corresponding comparison has been carried out using different CAD systems to analyze the convergence of results among them.
MicroRNA-494-3p Exacerbates Renal Epithelial Cell Dysfunction by Targeting SOCS6 under High Glucose Treatment

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of the kidneys induced by diabetes and is the main cause of end-stage renal disease. MicroRNA-494-3p was reported to be upregulated in renal tissues collected from db/db mice, but its specific role in diabetic nephropathy was still unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of miR-494-3p on renal fibrosis using an in vitro cell model of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: After human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were treated with high glucose (HG), the viability and apoptosis of cells were examined by CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry analyses. Additionally, protein levels of fibronectin, collagen I, collagen III, collagen IV, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in HG-induced HK-2 cells were quantified by Western blotting. miR-494-3p expression in HK-2 cells was detected by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The binding relation between miR-494-3p and the messenger RNA suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) was detected by luciferase reporter assays. Results: HG reduced cell viability and enhanced cell apoptosis in a time- or concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, HG induced collagen accumulation and triggered the EMT process. miR-494-3p was upregulated in HG-treated HK-2 cells. miR-494-3p inhibition alleviated HG-induced cell dysfunction. Mechanistically, miR-494-3p bound with SOCS6 and negatively regulated SOCS6 expression. Moreover, silencing SOCS6 rescued the suppressive effect of miR-499-5p inhibition on HG-induced cell dysfunction. Conclusion: miR-494-3p aggravates renal fibrosis, EMT process, and cell apoptosis by targeting SOCS6, suggesting that the miR-494-3p/SOCS6 axis may become a potential strategy for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Stability and performance comparison analysis for linear active disturbance rejection control–based system

This paper investigates the stability and performance of the linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC)–based system with uncertainties and external disturbance via transfer functions and a frequency-domain view. The performance of LADRC is compared with the state-observer-based state feedback control (SOSFC) and state feedback control (SFC). First, the transfer functions and the error transfer functions for LADRC, SOSFC, and SFC are studied using the state-space method. It is proven that the LADRC-, SOSFC-, and SFC-based closed-loop systems have the same transfer function from the reference input to the output and achieve the same control effects for the nominal system. Then, it is proven for the first time that the LADRC has a better anti-interference ability than the SOSFC and SFC. Besides, the asymptotic stability condition of LADRC-based closed-loop system considering large parameter perturbations is given first. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the closed-loop system is carried out. The results show that the LADRC has stronger robustness under parameter perturbations. According to the results, we conclude that the LADRC is of great disturbance rejection ability and strong robustness.
Study on speed sensorless system of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on improved direct torque control

The traditional direct torque control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor has many problems, such as large torque ripple and variable switching frequency. In order to improve the dynamic and static performance of the control system, a new torque control idea and speed sensorless control scheme are proposed in this paper. First, by deriving the equation of torque change rate, an improved torque controller is designed to replace the torque hysteresis controller of the traditional direct torque control. The improved direct torque control strategy can significantly reduce the torque ripple and keep the switching frequency constant. Then, based on the improved direct torque control and considering the sensitivity of the stator resistance to temperature change, a speed estimator based on the model reference adaptive method is designed. This method realizes the stator resistance on-line identification and further improves the control precision of the system. The performance of the traditional direct torque control and the improved direct torque control are compared by simulation and experiment under different operating conditions. The simulation and experimental results are presented to support the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.