Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMBINED INOCULATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI , PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AND TRICHODERMA SPP . FOR ENHANCING DEFENSE ENZYMES AND YIELD OF THREE PEPPER CULTIVARS

Field experiment was carried out at the experimental station of Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary to explore the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi only alone or together with Trichoderma and plant growth-promoting bacteria on defense enzymes and yield of three pepper varieties. The seven inoculation treatments consisting of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM), Trichoderma (Tri), plant growth promoting bacteria (Pse) and their combinations (AM+Tri; AM+Tri+Pse; AM+Pse) together with three pepper hybrids and non-inoculation (control) plants were arranged in a randomized complete block design. Defense enzyme activities polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) of various treated plants were measured just before flowering, representing the most sensitive stage of plants. The results showed that AM+Tri+Pse treatment enhanced the yield most among microbial inoculations. Highest yield was recorded in the triple treatment in Karpex cultivar, however, Karpia and Kaptur variety obtained more improved yield by microbial inoculations. Defense enzymes activities generally were most induced in the combination of three inoculants in cultivars whereas different responses in induction of defense enzymes were found in other microbial treatments, depending on specific interactions between microbe and pepper genotype. These results suggested that the triple application brought more benefits to the host plant.
HEALTHCARE DATASET USING SILHOUETTE SCORE VALUE

The huge amount of healthcare data, coupled with the need for data analysis tools has made data mining interesting research areas. Data mining tools and techniques help to discover and understand hidden patterns in a dataset which may not be possible by mainly visualization of the data. Selecting appropriate clustering method and optimal number of clusters in healthcare data can be confusing and difficult most times. Presently, a large number of clustering algorithms are available for clustering healthcare data, but it is very difficult for people with little knowledge of data mining to choose suitable clustering algorithms. This paper aims to analyze clustering techniques using healthcare dataset, in order to determine suitable algorithms which can bring the optimized group clusters. Performances of two clustering algorithms (Kmeans and DBSCAN) were compared using Silhouette score values. Firstly, we analyzed K-means algorithm using different number of clusters (K) and different distance metrics. Secondly, we analyzed DBSCAN algorithm using different minimum number of points required to form a cluster (minPts) and different distance metrics. The experimental result indicates that both K-means and DBSCAN algorithms have strong intra-cluster cohesion and inter-cluster separation. Based on the analysis, K-means algorithm performed better compare to DBSCAN algorithm in terms of clustering accuracy and execution time.
Bütil Hidroksitoluen Tarafından Mikronükleus İndüksiyonunun Wistar Sıçan Kemik İliği Hücrelerinde Araştırılması

This study aims to investigate whether Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT), the synthetic antioxidant and food additive, increases the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in rat bone marrow. BHT, dissolved in corn oil, was administered intraperitoneally to 8-10 week old male and female Wistar rats (n=36) in three different doses (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w.) for two different time periods. 12and 24-h after BHT treatment, the bone marrow samples were analyzed for the frequency of MNPCEs. Additionally, by evaluating the ratio of polychromatic erythrocyte to normochromatic erythrocyte (PCE/NCE), the cytotoxic effect of BHT on bone marrow was tested. It was found that all BHT doses at two time periods significantly increased the MNPCEs frequency about 1.9-2.84 fold. On the other hand, BHT caused significant decreased in the PCE/NCE ratio, which is indicative of bone marrow cytotoxicity when compared to the control groups. This study showed that BHT increased the formation of MNPCEs in rat bone marrow and we think that this increase might be related to the applied doses and the administration way BHT.
Carotenoid Pigmentation in Antarctic Heterotrophic Bacteria as a Strategy to Withstand Environmental Stresses

Abstract Bacterial strains isolated from Antarctic environments were used to assess the role of carotenoid pigments as cryo- and solar radiation protectants. Isolates were subjected to one hundred 12-hr freeze-thaw cycles and exposed to ambient simulated solar radiation (300 Wm−2) with growth recovery evaluated after pre-set time intervals. Differences in survival were observed between carotenoid pigmented and non-pigmented strains in response to the different stresses based upon the enumeration of colony forming units. On average carotenoid pigmented strains were more resistant to freeze-thaw cycles as compared to the non-pigmented strains. Survival for non-pigmented strains decreased precipitously from 2 × 107 to 1.5 × 104 cells mL−1, on average, within the first 20 cycles. Similar results were found in the solar radiation experiments. After 2 hrs of solar radiation exposure, 61% of the pigmented organisms survived versus 0.01% for the non-pigmented isolates. We applied an additive mixed model to estimate differences between the carotenoid pigmented and non-pigmented bacterial groups. Modeled results confirmed a positive effect of pigmentation on survivability and provide evidence that carotenoid pigmentation in heterotrophic bacteria isolated from Antarctic environments increases resistance to environmental stressors.
Data-Driven Rankings : The Design and Development of the IEEE Top Programming Languages News App

In this paper we explore the design and development of a datadriven app that ranks programming languages. We detail the design rationale and editorial decisions that constitute the app, including several novel features that allow end users to perturb and compare rankings by interacting with the data and algorithm used to synthesize that ranking. Our analysis of the social media response to the app on Twitter and via comments found that there was some, though not extensive, use of these features and that a rich commentary arose around the app to discuss the definitions, classifications, and data proxies employed. These results suggest several directions for further research in understanding the integration of data, algorithms, and transparency as they affect the user experience of a data-driven ranking.
Methods used for Identification of Differentially Expressing Genes (DEGs) from Microarray Gene Dataset: A Review

Genes contain blue print of living organism. Malfunctioning occurred in cellular life is indicated by proteins which are responsible for behavior of genes. Fixed set of genes decides behavior and functioning of cells. They guide the cells what to do and when to do. To analyze the insight of biological activities, analysis of gene expressions is necessary. Advanced technology like microarray plays an important role in gene analysis. It captures expressions of thousands of genes under different conditions simultaneously. Out of thousands of genes, very few behave differently which are called as Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). Identification of these most significant genes is a crucial task in molecular biology and is a major area of research for bioinformaticians because DEGs are the major source of disease prediction. They help in planning therapeutic strategies for a disease through Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) which is constructed from them. GRN is a graphical representation containing genes as nodes and regulatory interactions between them as edges. GRN helps in knowing how genes regulate each other and in sense maintain underlined state of art working of cells. Deregulation between genes is the cause of major genetic diseases. In this paper we have discussed many methods proposed by researchers for identifying differentially expressing genes based upon changes in their expressions patterns.
Impact Assessment of Knowledge Sharing Bottlenecks: The Knowledge Sharing Environment Model (KSEM)

Knowledge sharing is a critical phase of the Knowledge Management life-cycle since it is an important precursor to the actual usage of knowledge. Knowledge initiatives to improve knowledge sharing requires an analysis of current knowledge sharing processes to identify bottlenecks that hinder knowledge sharing processes. Current knowledge auditing techniques for assessing knowledge sharing problems in organizations are insufficient in addressing the specific knowledge context of particular business functions. We propose a new technique the Knowledge Sharing Environment Model (KSEM), to model the knowledge sharing environment of specific business functions that helps in identifying the impact of bottlenecks in such environments.
Signatures over finite fields of growth properties for lattice equations

We study integrable lattice equations and their perturbations over finite fields. We write these equations in projective coordinates and assign boundary values along axes in the first quadrant. We propose some growth diagnostics over finite fields that can often distinguish between integrable equations and their non-integrable perturbations. We also discuss the limitations of the diagnostic. Finally, we show that conducting parameter searches over finite fields for lattice equations that satisfy a factorization test leads to potential new equations that have vanishing entropy.
CORPORATE NETWORKS AND PEER EFFECTS IN FIRM POLICIES

This paper identifies the effect of corporate network peer groups on firm policy decisions such as investment, executive compensation and expenditure on R&D. Using panel data for all publicly listed companies in India, I construct time-varying corporate networks based on interlocking directorates. In this context, each firm’s peer reference group is defined as the set of all other firms with whom it shares one or more directors. Identification of dynamic network peer effects, which arise due to endogenous associations, is achieved by exploiting natural breaks in network evolution that exogenously change the composition of peers. These breaks occur as a result of local network shocks – death or retirement of shared directors – that are stochastic and external to the network formation process. I find significant network peer effects that are associated positively with firms’ investment strategy and executive compensation. I also explore heterogeneity in peer effects by distinguishing between network peers who belong to the same industry from those that do not and find a greater effect of across-industry network peers.
Binding hardwired versus on-demand feature conjunctions

Binding denotes the process by which features represented in early stages of the visual system are brought together within a meaningful representation that can support recognition, action, or consciousness. It is often considered that binding requires attentional resources. However, recent results have demonstrated that recognition of natural and familiar objects or scenes—as opposed to more arbitrary, meaningless conjunctions of features—can be done while attention is distracted. Surprisingly, the same discriminations do not lead to efficient “pop-out” visual search. These seemingly opposite conclusions can be reconciled by postulating the existence of two modes of binding in the brain: “Hardwired” binding of frequently encountered, natural objects through a hierarchy of increasingly complex feature detectors, as in classic computational models inspired by neurophysiological results; and “on-demand” binding mediated by attention for more arbitrary or meaningless feature conjunctions, as advocated in classic psychological theories. The former system can function without attention, but is challenged by spatial competition within neuronal receptive fields when multiple objects are presented. Thus, while on-demand binding always requires attention, hardwired binding only does when receptive field competition occurs. New experimental data using multiple stimuli and variable interstimulus distance supports this theoretical dissociation.
ENERGY EFFICIENT DATA COMMUNICATION APPROACH IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless sensor network has a vast variety of applications. The adoption of energy efficient cluster-based configuration has many untapped desirable benefits for the WSNs. The limitation of energy in a sensor node creates challenges for routing in WSNs. The research work presents the organized and detailed description of energy conservation method for WSNs. In the proposed method reclustering and multihop data transmission processes are utilized for data reporting to base station by sensor node. The accurate use of energy in WSNs is the main challenge for exploiting the network to the full extent. The main aim of the proposed method is that by evenly distributing the energy all over the sensor nodes and by reducing the total energy dissipation, the lifetime of the network is enhanced, so that the node will remain alive for longer times inside the cluster. The result shows that the proposed clustering approach has higher stable region and network life time than Topology-Controlled Adaptive Clustering (TCAC) and Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) for WSNs.
smARTLab@Work RoCKIn application

With this paper, we apply for the RocKIn@Work competition with the smARTLab@work team that has won the 2014 RoboCup@Work competition. smARTLab (swarms, multiagent, and robot technologies and learning lab) is a robotics research lab that is part of the Agent ART group at the computer science department of the University of Liverpool. This team has won the competition for the second year in a row. The various techniques that have been combined to win the competition come from different computer science domains, entailing machine learning, (simultaneous) localization and mapping, navigation, object recognition and object manipulation. While the RoboCup@Work league is not a standard platform league, all participants use a (customized) Kuka youBot. The stock youBot is a ground based platform, capable of omnidirectional movement and equipped with a five degree of freedom arm featuring a parallel gripper. We present our adaptations to the robot, in which the replacement of the gripper was the most important upgrade comparing to the version of the robot that was used last year.
ReScue: Crafting Regular Expression DoS Attacks*

Regular expression (regex) with modern extensions is one of the most popular string processing tools. However, poorly-designed regexes can yield exponentially many matching steps, and lead to regex Denial-of-Service (ReDoS) attacks under well-conceived string inputs. This paper presents ReScue, a three-phase gray-box analytical technique, to automatically generate ReDoS strings to highlight vulnerabilities of given regexes. ReScue systematically seeds (by a genetic search), incubates (by another genetic search), and finally pumps (by a regex-dedicated algorithm) for generating strings with maximized search time. We implemenmted the ReScue tool and evaluated it against 29,088 practical regexes in real-world projects. The evaluation results show that ReScue found 49% more attack strings compared with the best existing technique, and applying ReScue to popular GitHub projects discovered ten previously unknown ReDoS vulnerabilities.
Acetaminophen Induces Mitochondrial Permeability Transitionin Rats Without Causing Necrotic Liver Damage

Mitochondrial Permeability Transition (MPT) is reported as the mechanism of acetaminophen induced hepatic damage, however, rat models are resistant to acetaminophen induced toxicity. The occurrence and degree of mitochondrial permeability transition after treatment with 400 mg kgG1 of acetaminophen in albino Wistar rats were assessed. Animals were randomly distributed into seven groups; control, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h based on varying time (in hour) post acetaminophen prior to sacrifice after treatment. Mitochondrial Membrane Permeability Transition (MMPT) pore opening and mitochondrial cytochrome c release were estimated. Opening of MMPT pore and cytochrome c release were observed in 12, 24, 36 and 72 h, when compared with the control group. Liver function and histological results indicated no liver damage. It is concluded that toxic dose of acetaminophen induced mitochondrial permeability transition in rat hepatic tissues without leading to necrotic damage suggesting that rat hepatic tissues evade damage by mechanisms downstream of MPT.
Short Papers An Analytical Delay Model for Interconnects

Elmore delay has been widely used to estimate interconnect delays in the performance-driven synthesis and layout of very-large-scaleintegration (VLSI) routing topologies. For typical RLC interconnections, however, Elmore delay can deviate significantly from SPICE-computed delay, since it is independent of inductance of the interconnect and rise time of the input signal. Here, we develop an analytical delay model based on first and second moments to incorporate inductance effects into the delay estimate for interconnection lines under step input. Delay estimates using our analytical model are within 15% of SPICE-computed delay across a wide range of interconnect parameter values. We also extend our delay model for estimation of source-sink delays in arbitrary interconnect trees. We observe significant improvement in the accuracy of delay estimates for interconnect trees when compared to the Elmore model, yet our estimates are as easy to compute as Elmore delay. Evaluation of our analytical models is several orders of magnitude faster than simulation using SPICE. We also illustrate the application of our model in controlling response undershoot/overshoot and reducing interconnect delay through constraints on the moments.
The simplest surface discretization for numerical simulations involves a uniform struc-

An algorithm is presented for the adaptive restructuring of meshes on evolving surfaces. The resolution of the relevant local length scale is maintained everywhere with prescribed accuracy through the minimization of an appropriate mesh energy function by a sequence of local restructuring operations. The resulting discretization depends on the instantaneous configuration of the surface but is insensitive to the deformation history. Application of the adaptive discretization algorithm is illustrated with three-dimensional boundary-integral simulations of deformable drops in Stokes flow. The results show that the algorithm can accurately resolve detailed features of deformed fluid interfaces, including slender filaments associated with drop breakup and dimpled regions associated with drop coalescence. Our algorithm should be useful in a variety of fields, including computational fluid dynamics, image processing, geographical information systems, and biomedical engineering problems. c © 2001 Academic Press
Liver copper concentrations in cull cattle in the UK: are cattle being copper loaded?

With the release of the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs/Advisory Committee on Animal Feed Guidance Note for Supplementing Copper to Bovines it was noted that the current copper status of the national herd was not known. Liver samples were recovered from 510 cull cattle at a single abattoir across a period of three days. The samples were wet-ashed and liver copper concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis. Breed, age and previous location information were obtained from the British Cattle Movement Service. Dairy breeds had higher liver copper concentrations than beef breeds. Holstein-Friesian and ‘other’ dairy breeds had 38.3 per cent and 40 per cent of cattle above the Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA) reference range (8000 µmol/kg dry matter), respectively, whereas only 16.9 per cent of animals in the combined beef breeds exceeded this value. It was found that underlying topsoil copper concentration was not related to liver copper content and that age of the animal also had little effect on liver concentration. In conclusion, over 50 per cent of the liver samples tested had greater-than-normal concentrations of copper with almost 40 per cent of the female dairy cattle having liver copper concentrations above the AHVLA reference range, indicating that a significant proportion of the UK herd is at risk of chronic copper toxicity.
Spurred anoda (Anoda cristata) interference in wide row and ultra narrow row cotton

Abstract A field experiment was conducted in 2000, 2001, and 2002 at Stoneville, MS, to determine the effect of spurred anoda interference on yield loss of two cotton cultivars, ‘Delta Pine 5415’ and ‘Pima S-6’, grown under wide (1 m) (WR) and ultra narrow (0.25 m) row (UNR) spacings. The relationship between spurred anoda density and dry weight per plot was linear each year. At a spurred anoda density of 8 m−2, spurred anoda dry weight per plot was 507, 322, and 777 g m−2 in 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. However, spurred anoda did not interfere with seed cotton yield in 2001, which was probably attributable to the low branch development in that year. Yield losses exceeded 55% at a spurred anoda density of 8 m−2 compared with controls in both WR and UNR. The effect of spurred anoda density on boll numbers was nearly identical in 2000 and 2002, regardless of cotton cultivar and row spacing. Boll weights decreased in response to spurred anoda interference. Spurred anoda interference resulted in a decrease in cotton branch dry weight in WR but not in UNR. The yield decrease as a result of spurred anoda interference in WR was due to reduction in boll retention or fruiting sites (predicated on a decrease in branch weight). However, in UNR, the yield decrease was due to plant mortality; the plant density of both cotton cultivars decreased by one plant for each additional spurred anoda, but the yield per plant for surviving plants remained constant. Neither WR nor UNR cotton had significant advantage in response to spurred anoda interference. The decreased boll weight observed in UNR, and the failure to increase boll numbers m−2 to compensate for decreased boll weight in UNR compared with WR, may limit its appeal to cotton producers. Nomenclature: Spurred anoda, Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht. ANVCR; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘DP 5415’; Gossypium barbadense L. ‘Pima S-6’.
Antimicrobial Activity of some Honey Samples against Pathogenic Bacteria

The aim of the present research work to investigate antimicrobial activity of some honey samples six winter honeys six summer honeys collected from different regions of Western Ghats. The microbes used in this study are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis. Antibacterial activity of the honeys was assayed using the Disc diffusion method. Noticeable variations in the antibacterial activity of the different honey samples were observed. Among the microbes Staphylococcus aureus is the most sensitive against all honey samples shows the maximum inhibitor zone compare to summer honeys.