Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Burkholderia cenocepacia iron starvation σ factor, OrbS, possesses an on-board iron sensor

Abstract Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections of the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung. To acquire iron, B. cenocepacia secretes the Fe(III)-binding compound, ornibactin. Genes for synthesis and utilisation of ornibactin are served by the iron starvation (IS) extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factor, OrbS. Transcription of orbS is regulated in response to the prevailing iron concentration by the ferric uptake regulator (Fur), such that orbS expression is repressed under iron-sufficient conditions. Here we show that, in addition to Fur-mediated regulation of orbS, the OrbS protein itself responds to intracellular iron availability. Substitution of cysteine residues in the C-terminal region of OrbS diminished the ability to respond to Fe(II) in vivo. Accordingly, whilst Fe(II) impaired transcription from and recognition of OrbS-dependent promoters in vitro by inhibiting the binding of OrbS to core RNA polymerase (RNAP), the cysteine-substituted OrbS variant was less responsive to Fe(II). Thus, the cysteine residues within the C-terminal region of OrbS contribute to an iron-sensing motif that serves as an on-board ‘anti-σ factor’ in the presence of Fe(II). A model to account for the presence two regulators (Fur and OrbS) that respond to the same intracellular Fe(II) signal to control ornibactin synthesis and utilisation is discussed.
Rice STOMATAL CYTOKINESIS DEFECTIVE2 regulates cell expansion by affecting vesicular trafficking in rice

Abstract Vesicular trafficking plays critical roles in cell expansion in yeast and mammals, but information linking vesicular trafficking and cell expansion in plants is limited. Here, we isolated and characterized a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, decreased plant height 1-1 (dph1-1), which exhibited a wide spectrum of developmental phenotypes, including reduced plant height and smaller panicles and grains. Cytological analysis revealed that limited cell expansion was responsible for the dph1-1 mutant phenotype compared to the wild-type. Map-based cloning revealed that DPH1 encodes a plant-specific protein, OsSCD2, which is homologous to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) STOMATAL CYTOKINESIS DEFECTIVE2 (SCD2). Subcellular localization revealed that OsSCD2 is associated with clathrin. Confocal microscopy showed that the dph1-1 mutant has defective endocytosis and post-Golgi trafficking. Biochemical and confocal data indicated that OsSCD2 physically interacts with OsSCD1 and that they are associated with intracellular structures that colocalize with microtubules. Furthermore, we found that cellulose synthesis was affected in the dph1-1 mutant, evidenced by reduced cellulose synthase gene accumulation at the transcript and protein levels, most likely resulting from an impaired localization pattern. Our results suggest that OsSCD2 is involved in clathrin-related vesicular trafficking with an important role in maintaining plant growth in rice.
Phosphorylation of serine-893 in CARD11 suppresses the formation and activity of the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 complex in T and B cells

CARD11 acts as a gatekeeper for adaptive immune responses after T cell or B cell antigen receptor (TCR/BCR) ligation on lymphocytes. PKCθ/β-catalyzed phosphorylation of CARD11 promotes the assembly of the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) complex and lymphocyte activation. Here, we demonstrated that PKCθ/β-dependent CARD11 phosphorylation also suppressed CARD11 functions in T or B cells. Through mass spectrometry–based proteomics analysis, we identified multiple constitutive and inducible CARD11 phosphorylation sites in T cells. We demonstrated that a single TCR- or BCR-inducible phosphorylation on Ser893 in the carboxyl terminus of CARD11 prevented the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB, the kinase JNK, and the protease MALT1. Moreover, CARD11 Ser893 phosphorylation sensitized BCR-addicted lymphoma cells to toxicity induced by Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors. Phosphorylation of Ser893 in CARD11 by PKCθ controlled the strength of CARD11 scaffolding by impairing the formation of the CBM complex. Thus, PKCθ simultaneously catalyzes both stimulatory and inhibitory CARD11 phosphorylation events, which shape the strength of CARD11 signaling in lymphocytes. Description PKCθ-mediated phosphorylation of the CBM component CARD11 restrains antigen receptor–induced activation of T and B cells. Putting the brakes on lymphocyte activation Stimulation of antigen receptors on T or B cells leads to the formation of a complex consisting of the scaffolding protein CARD11, the linking factor BCL10, and the protease MALT1 (CBM), which ultimately results in T or B cell activation. The ability of CARD11 to recruit BCL10 and MALT1 is regulated by multiple phosphorylation events mediated by various kinases. Using biochemical techniques and T and B cell lines expressing phosphorylation mutants of CARD11, Kutzner et al. identified Ser893 as an inhibitory phosphorylation site that restrained antigen receptor–induced CBM formation and lymphocyte activation. This phosphorylation event prevented the activation of T cells without coreceptor stimulation and sensitized B cell lymphomas to inhibitors used to treat this cancer type. Because PKCθ also mediates stimulatory phosphorylation events for CARD11, the authors speculate that the combination of stimulatory and inhibitory phosphorylation events sets signaling thresholds for lymphocyte activation.
Research on Traffic Sign Discernible Visual Range under Backlighting Condition

The visibility of traffic sign directly affects driving safety.Based on large numbers of driving experiments with EMR-8B as test apparatus,the influence of lighting condition to traffic sign visibility distance is studied under different driving speeds,then the relativity among visibility distance,driving speed and lighting condition is analyzed.Traffic sign discernible visual distance reduces with the increase of driving speed under the same lighting condition.As for the cognition of traffic sign under different lighting conditions it is the best under normal lighting condition,followed by the nighttime,and poor under backlighting condition.
The Development of CAD System by Automation Technique

The Automation technique comes from the COM technique. On the introducing the COM technique, the paper presents the definition, the advantage and the implement mechanism of the automation technique. It also points out the process of programming the AutoCAD2000 software by Automation technique. It gives an example of developing a patent of double screw reducer to show the main idea of engineering design CAD system by the automation technique.
Ontogeny of circulating lipid metabolism in pregnancy and early childhood – a longitudinal population study

Background: There is mounting evidence that in utero and early life exposures may predispose an individual to metabolic disorders in later life; and dysregulation of lipid metabolism is critical in such outcomes. However, there is limited knowledge about lipid metabolism and factors causing lipid dysregulation in early life that could result in adverse health outcomes in later life. We studied the effect of antenatal factors such as gestational age, birth weight, and mode of birth on lipid metabolism at birth; changes in the circulating lipidome in the first 4 years of life and the effect of breastfeeding in the first year of life. From this study, we aim to generate a framework for deeper understanding into factors effecting lipid metabolism in early life, to provide early interventions for those at risk of developing metabolic disorders including cardiovascular diseases. Methods: We performed comprehensive lipid profiling of 1074 mother-child dyads in the Barwon Infant Study (BIS), a population-based pre-birth cohort and measured 776 distinct lipid features across 39 lipid classes using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). We measured lipids in 1032 maternal serum samples at 28 weeks’ gestation, 893 cord serum samples at birth, 793, 735, and 511 plasma samples at 6, 12 months, and 4 years, respectively. Cord serum was enriched with long chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), and corresponding cholesteryl esters relative to the maternal serum. We performed regression analyses to investigate the associations of cord serum lipid species with antenatal factors: gestational age, birth weight, mode of birth and duration of labour. Results: The lipidome differed between mother and newborn and changed markedly with increasing child’s age. Alkenylphosphatidylethanolamine species containing LC-PUFAs increased with child’s age, whereas the corresponding lysophospholipids and triglycerides decreased. Majority of the cord serum lipids were strongly associated with gestational age and birth weight, with most lipids showing opposing associations. Each mode of birth showed an independent association with cord serum lipids. Breastfeeding had a significant impact on the plasma lipidome in the first year of life, with up to 17-fold increases in a few species of alkyldiaclylglycerols at 6 months of age. Conclusions: This study sheds light on lipid metabolism in infancy and early childhood and provide a framework to define the relationship between lipid metabolism and health outcomes in early childhood. Funding: This work was supported by the A*STAR-NHMRC joint call funding (1711624031).
Stretchable, Breathable, and Stable Lead‐Free Perovskite/Polymer Nanofiber Composite for Hybrid Triboelectric and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

Halide‐perovskite‐based mechanical energy harvesters display excellent electrical output due to their unique ferroelectricity and dielectricity. However, their high toxicity and moisture sensitivity impede their practical applications. Herein, a stretchable, breathable, and stable nanofiber composite (LPPS‐NFC) is fabricated through electrospinning of lead‐free perovskite/poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) and styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS). The Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskites serve as efficient electron acceptors and local nucleating agents for the crystallization of polymer chains, thereby enhancing the electron‐trapping capacity and polar crystalline phase in LPPS‐NFC. The excellent energy level matching between Cs3Bi2Br9 and PVDF‐HFP boosts the electron transfer efficiency and reduces the charge loss, thereby promoting the electron‐trapping process. Consequently, this LPPS‐NFC‐based energy harvester displays an excellent electrical output (400 V, 1.63 µA cm−2, and 2.34 W m−2), setting a record of the output voltage among halide‐perovskite‐based nanogenerators. The LPPS‐NFC also exhibits excellent stretchability, waterproofness, and breathability, enabling the fabrication of robust wearable devices that convert mechanical energy from different biomechanical motions into electrical power to drive common electronic devices. The LPPS‐NFC‐based energy harvesters also endure extreme mechanical deformations (washing, folding, and crumpling) without performance degradation, and maintain stable electrical output up to 5 months, demonstrating their promising potential for use as smart textiles and wearable power sources.
68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography for patients with favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

INTRODUCTION Current guidelines don't support the use of pretreatment imaging in patients with favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer. 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) is more accurate than conventional imaging for preoperative staging. We aimed to evaluate whether pretreatment 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is beneficial for identifying pathological lymph node involvement (LNI) and adverse pathology among patients with favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer. METHODS We reviewed 88 patients with favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer who underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT prior to radical prostatectomy and lymph node dissection from 2016-2020. The primary endpoint was the presence of pathological LNI. Association between pretreatment characteristics and outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS Preoperative 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed suspicious uptake in lymph nodes in 4/88 patients (5%), hence, 20 patients would need to be scanned to identify a patient with a positive lymph node on imaging. Two patients had pathological LNI, only one of whom showed 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT uptake prior to surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT for identifying LNI were 50%, 97%, 25%, and 99%, respectively. After surgery, four patients had evidence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) persistence. The rate of PSA persistence was higher among patients with LNI on preoperative 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT (2/4, 50% vs. 2/84, 2%, p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative imaging of favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients using 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed a low yield for identifying patients at higher risk. Consistent with current guidelines, our findings do not support the routine use of PET/CT in this group of patients. Future prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.
Critical Care Nurses' Perceptions of Clinical Alarm Management on Nursing Practice

The alarm management of physiological monitoring systems is a key responsibility of critical care nurses. However, the high numbers of false and nonactionable (true but clinically irrelevant) alarms cause distractions to healthcare professionals, interruptions to nursing workflow, and ignoring of crucial tasks. Therefore, understanding how nurses manage large amounts of alarms in their daily work could provide a direction to design interventions to prevent adverse patient care effects. A qualitative design with focus group interviews was conducted with 37 nurses in Taiwan. Content analysis was performed to analyze the interview data, and four main themes were derived: (1) the foundation stone of critical care nursing practice; (2) a trajectory adaptation of alarms management; (3) adverse impacts on the quality of care and patient safety; and (4) a hope for multimodal learning alternatives and wireless technology. Nurses manage alarm parameter settings influenced not only by their knowledge and skills of patient care, but also in accordance with the three dimensions of technology, human, and organization evaluation framework. Customized alarm management training alternatives, patient-centered care values, and application of wireless technology are the suggested approaches to enhance nursing care and minimize the risk of adverse events.
Phylogeny and Morphology Of Fissidentaceae Schimp. in the South Atlantic Islands and Description of a New Species

ABSTRACT Phylogenetic and morphological analyzes were used to compare the samples collected in the Fernando de Noronha and Trindade Islands with the continental ones. A phylogenetic tree comprising 37 representatives of Fissidens Hedw. was constructed using plastid gene data (trnG and rps4). Specimens of F. flaccidus Mitt. and F. hornschuchii Mont. on the islands appeared to be genetically and morphologically similar to samples from the continent. Together these studies showed that the specimens identified as F. crispus Mont. from Fernando de Noronha differ from both those previously recorded on islands and those on the continent, leading us to describe a newly species. Furthermore F. steerei Grout is new recorded for Fernando de Noronha, Brazil.
Detection of shift of reflective wavelength of FBG sensor demodulation system using M-Z interferometer

In the FBG demodulation system with Mach-Zehnder(M-Z)interferometer as a core part,the interferometer must work in the state where two arms are perpendicular to each other.So,the design of the phase feedback controller will decide whether the system works properly.The design of the feedback control was given,and a scheme of interference demodulation was brought up.Finally the simulating result was given.
AIGuide: Augmented Reality Hand Guidance in a Visual Prosthetic

Locating and grasping objects is a critical task in people’s daily lives. For people with visual impairments, this task can be a daily struggle. The support of augmented reality frameworks in smartphones can overcome the limitations of current object detection applications designed for people with visual impairments. We present AIGuide, a self-contained smartphone application that leverages augmented reality technology to help users locate and pick up objects around them. We conducted a user study to investigate the effectiveness of AIGuide in a visual prosthetic for providing guidance; compare it to other assistive technology form factors; investigate the use of multimodal feedback, and provide feedback about the overall experience. We gathered performance data and participants’ reactions and analyzed videos to understand users’ interactions with the nonvisual smartphone user interface. Our results show that AIGuide is a promising technology to help people with visual impairments locate and acquire objects in their daily routine. The benefits of AIGuide may be enhanced with appropriate interaction design.
A Compact Representation of Measured BRDFs Using Neural Processes

In this article, we introduce a compact representation for measured BRDFs by leveraging Neural Processes (NPs). Unlike prior methods that express those BRDFs as discrete high-dimensional matrices or tensors, our technique considers measured BRDFs as continuous functions and works in corresponding function spaces. Specifically, provided the evaluations of a set of BRDFs, such as ones in MERL and EPFL datasets, our method learns a low-dimensional latent space as well as a few neural networks to encode and decode these measured BRDFs or new BRDFs into and from this space in a non-linear fashion. Leveraging this latent space and the flexibility offered by the NPs formulation, our encoded BRDFs are highly compact and offer a level of accuracy better than prior methods. We demonstrate the practical usefulness of our approach via two important applications, BRDF compression and editing. Additionally, we design two alternative post-trained decoders to, respectively, achieve better compression ratio for individual BRDFs and enable importance sampling of BRDFs.
Assessment on the Fire Service Support Ability of Fire Forces Based on the Hierarchy- grey Theory

In this paper,the analytic hierarchy process is introduced into the analysis of the affecting factors of the fire service support system in the fire forces,by using the gray theory,and setting up a comprehensive fire service support ability evaluation index system. This paper proposes a multi- level index system of the hierarchical evaluation model. Through examples the paper proves that this method results conform to the actual situation,practical and operability.
Telomerase deficiency in humans is associated with systemic age-related changes in energy metabolism

Underlying mechanisms of plasma metabolite signatures of human ageing and age-related diseases are not clear but telomere attrition and dysfunction are central to both. Dyskeratosis Congenita (DC) is associated with mutations in the telomerase enzyme complex (TERT, TERC, DKC1) and progressive telomere attrition. We show extracellular citrate is repressed by canonical telomerase function in vitro and associated with DC leukocyte telomere attrition in vivo; leading to the hypothesis that altered citrate metabolism detects telomere dysfunction. However, citrate and senescence factors only weakly distinguished DC patients from controls, whereas other tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites, lactate and especially pyruvate distinguished them with high significance, consistent with further metabolism of citrate and lactate in the liver and kidneys. Citrate uptake in certain organs modulates age-related disease in mice and our data has similarities with age-related disease signatures in humans. Our results have implications for the early diagnosis of telomere dysfunction and anti-senescence therapeutics. Highlights Extracellular citrate is regulated by telomere function in vitro and in vivo. Dyskeratosis Congenita (DC) is a human disease characterized by systemic telomere attrition, which showed an age-related plasma energetic profile, distinct from age-related disease and that of centenarians. The DC profile strikingly out-performed senescence factors in discriminating DC from controls, and pyruvate associated with a low lactate:pyruvate ratio is potentially a useful and cheap minimally invasive diagnostic aid for DC and telomere dysfunction. Mechanistically DC systemic metabolism is indicative of a shift to reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, glycolysis and/or increased citrate and lactate production followed by further metabolism in the kidneys and liver.
The important choice of reference environment in microevolutionary climate response predictions

It is well documented that individuals of wild populations can adjust to climate change by means of phenotypic plasticity, but few reports on adaptation by means of genetically based microevolution caused by selection. Disentanglement of these separate effects requires that the environmental zero-point (reference environment) is defined, and this should not be done arbitrarily. The problem is that an error in the environmental zero-point may lead to large errors in predicted microevolution. Together with parameter values, the zero-point can be estimated from environmental, phenotypic and fitness data. A prediction error method for this purpose is described, with the feasibility shown by simulations. As shown in a toy example, an estimated environmental zero-point may have large errors, especially for small populations. This may still be a better choice than use of an initial environmental value in a recorded time series, or the mean value, which is often used. Another alternative may be to use the mean value of a past and stationary stochastic environment, which the population is judged to have been fully adapted to, in the sense that the expected geometric mean fitness was at a global maximum. Exceptions are cases with constant phenotypic plasticity, where the microevolutionary changes per generation follow directly from phenotypic and environmental data, independent of the chosen environmental zero-point.
Path vectors: a neural code for sequential memory

While recalling lists of unrelated items is highly challenging we can recall much longer sequences structured as an episode or story. It is unknown why these patterns have such a striking influence on memory. We introduce a model where the experience of an episode or story is represented as a path through a pre-existing network of cognitive states. We demonstrate that by summing the neural representations of the visited states, this path can be transformed into a simple neural code: a path vector. We show how, by leveraging sparse connectivity and high dimensionality, path vectors provide robust codes for a large set of sequences and can be decoded mechanistically for memory retrieval. Fitting our model to data reveals how human free and serial recall may emerge from adapting coding mechanisms tuned for sequences aligned with existing network paths. We thus posit that sequences such as episodes or stories map more directly to existing cognitive network paths than arbitrary lists, with the latter eliciting paths that tend to interfere and impair recall. Our model suggests that mnemonic strategies like imposing narrative structure on a list act to improve recall by reducing such path interference. This work illuminates a simple bioplausible means for flexibly recruiting existing cognitive structures to encode new memories.