Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prolonged neutrophil survival at necrotic sites is a fundamental feature for tissue recovery and resolution of hepatic inflammation

Neutrophils were classically described as powerful effectors of acute inflammation, and their main purpose was assumed to be restricted to pathogen killing through production of oxidants. As consequence, neutrophils also may lead to significant collateral damage to the healthy tissues, and after performing these tasks, these leukocytes are supposed to die within tissues. However, there is a growing body of evidence showing that neutrophils also play a pivotal role in the resolution phases of inflammation, because they can modulate tissue environment due to secretion of different kind of cytokines. Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a worldwide concern being one of the most prevalent causes of liver transplantation, and is well established that there is an intense neutrophil recruitment into necrotic liver during DILI. However, information if such abundant granulocyte infiltration is also linked to the tissue repairing phase of hepatic injury is still largely elusive. Here, we investigated the dynamics of neutrophil trafficking within blood, bone marrow, and liver during hepatic inflammation, and how changes in their gene expression profile could drive the resolution events during acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver injury. We found that neutrophils remained viable during longer periods following liver damage, because they avidly patrolled necrotic areas and up‐regulated pro‐resolutive genes, including Tgfb, Il1r2, and Fpr2. Adoptive transference of “resolutive neutrophils” harvested from livers at 72 h after injury to mice at the initial phases of injury (6 h after APAP) significantly rescued organ injury. Thus, we provide novel insights on the role of neutrophils not only in the injury amplification, but also in the resolution phases of inflammation.
Development of the Mammalian Expression Vector System that can be Induced by IPTG and/or Lactose

Techniques used for the regulation of gene expression facilitate studies of gene function and treatment of diseases via gene therapy. Many tools have been developed for the regulation of gene expression in mammalian cells. The Lac operon system induced with isopropyl β-D-1- thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) is one of the employed inducible systems. IPTG mimics the molecular structure of allolactose and has a strong affinity for the corresponding repressor. IPTG is known to rapidly penetrate into mammalian cells and exhibits low toxicity. In the present study, we developed a new inducible expression system that could regulate the expression of genes in mammalian cells using IPTG. Here we confirm that unlike other vector systems based on the Lac operon, this expression system allows regulation of gene expression with lactose in the mammalian cells upon transfection. The co-treatment with IPTG and lactose could improve the regulatory efficiency of the specific target gene expression. The regulation of gene expression with lactose has several benefits. Lactose is safe in humans as compared to other chemical substances and is easily available, making this technique very cost-effective.
A Survey on Cooperative Mobile Robotics

Currently, various techniques and approaches are being used in cooperative mobile robotics such as CEBOT, ACTRESS, SWARM, and GROFER. There is a huge amount of knowledge related to those techniques and approaches which are wrapped up with several journals and conferences. But, due to the absence of a systematic analysis, the researchers are facing difficulties to acquire that knowledge. It provides a strong understanding that how cooperative mobile robotics is working and which technique and approach are useful for them. In this paper, a systematics analysis is discussed which specifies the characteristics of each technique and approach of the cooperative mobile robotics. This paper also describes the examples of existing technologies to each category for good understanding about the different techniques and approaches of cooperative mobile robotics.
Registration of Two Mid-Altitude Climbing Bean Germplasm Lines with Yellow Grain Color, MAC56 and MAC57

Journal of Plant Registrations, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 2007 143 Two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm lines with climbing growth habit and yellow seed type, MAC56 (Reg. No. GP-271, PI 644088) and MAC57 (Reg. No. GP-272, PI 644089) were released by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) for tropical mid-altitude growing conditions (1200 to 1800 masl). These novel mid-altitude climbing beans (MAC series) with type IVa growth habit are tolerant of higher temperatures (up to 24°C seasonal average) compared to traditional, type IVb growth habit, climbing beans from the Andean gene pool which are generally found at cooler temperatures (16–20°C seasonal average) (Evans, 1973; Woolley et al., 1991). The new germplasms have fast growth rates, maturing much earlier than traditional climbing beans. They also have good climbing ability but without the aggressive growth of the IVb types (Checa et al., 2004). Both MAC56 and MAC57 belong to the “Canario” commercial seed class that is native to Peru, Mexico, and some other countries of Latin America and Africa (Voysest et al., 1994; Voysest, 2000; Pallottini et al., 2004). MAC56 and MAC57 are advanced generation F8-derived breeding lines from the cross Doré de Kirundo/LAS399 where Doré de Kirundo (G21715 from the CIAT germplasm bank) is a large seeded, type III growth habit landrace from Burundi that produces yellow grain; and LAS399 is an improved breeding line from Colombia produced by joint research between ICA (Instituto Colombiano de Agricultura) and CIAT at the “La Selva” Agricultural Research Station in Rionegro, Antioquia. LAS399 has type IVb growth habit, fl owers and matures at 67 and 140 d, respectively, is resistant to anthracnose [caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams. -Scrib. ], and produces large red grain of the Radical commercial seed class (up to 60 g per 100 seed weight). LAS399 was developed from the cross Registration of Two Mid-Altitude Climbing Bean Germplasm Lines with Yellow Grain Color, MAC56 and MAC57
Sea Fog Detection Based on Normalized Difference Snow Index Using Advanced Himawari Imager Observations

Many previous studies have attempted to distinguish fog from clouds using low-orbit and geostationary satellite observations from visible (VIS) to longwave infrared (LWIR) bands. However, clouds and fog have often been misidentified because of their similar spectral features. Recently, advanced meteorological geostationary satellites with improved spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions, including Himawari-8/9, GOES-16/17, and GeoKompsat-2A, have become operational. Accordingly, this study presents an improved algorithm for detecting daytime sea fog using one VIS and one near-infrared (NIR) band of the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) of the Himawari-8 satellite. We propose a regression-based relationship for sea fog detection using a combination of the Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and reflectance at the green band of the AHI. Several case studies, including various foggy and cloudy weather conditions in the Yellow Sea for three years (2017–2019), have been performed. The results of our algorithm showed a successful detection of sea fog without any cloud mask information. The pixel-level comparison results with the sea fog detection based on the shortwave infrared (SWIR) band (3.9 μm) and the brightness temperature difference between SWIR and LWIR bands of the AHI showed high statistical scores for probability of detection (POD), post agreement (PAG), critical success index (CSI), and Heidke skill score (HSS). Consequently, the proposed algorithms for daytime sea fog detection can be effective in daytime, particularly twilight, conditions, for many satellites equipped with VIS and NIR bands.
Intra-arterial neuroprotective therapy as an adjunct to endovascular intervention in acute ischemic stroke: A review of the literature and future directions

Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion has been shown to significantly improve outcomes. However, despite efficient rates of recanalization (60–90%), the rates of functional independence remain suboptimal (14–58%), most likely due to pathways of cell death in the brain that have already committed despite successful reperfusion. Pharmacologic neuroprotection provides a potential means of preventing this inevitable damage through targeting excitotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, cellular apoptosis, and inflammation. Numerous clinical trials using various neuroprotective agents have failed, but the majority of these trials did not include endovascular reperfusion, and thus the drugs were not reaching the therapeutic target. Intra-arterial delivery of neuroprotective agents via the guide catheter already in place for mechanical thrombectomy could provide a way to deliver high doses directly to the affected territory while limiting systemic exposure. Agents that have shown promise via the intra-arterial route in preclinical as well as some clinical models include magnesium sulfate, verapamil, cold saline, stem cells, and various combined approaches. Targeted hypothermia, achieved with intra-carotid infusion of cold saline, may provide an effective means of achieving hypothermia of the ischemic tissue while avoiding the systemic effects that have limited its use previously. Combination therapy of targeted hypothermia and a cocktail of drugs that provide anti-excitotoxic, anti-oxidant, anti-apopototic, and anti-inflammatory effects may provide an ideal approach that deserves further study in clinical trials.
Can endocranial volume be used as an estimate of brain size in birds

Endocranial volumes of vertebrate skulls and brain masses are often used interchangeably in comparative analyses of brain size. We test whether endocranial volume can be used as a reliable estimate of brain size in birds by comparing endocranial volumes with brain masses across 82 species using absolute values and with respect to body size. The results of paired tests across all 82 species and within two orders, Passeriformes and Psittaciformes, did not yield a significant difference between the two measures. These results were supported by correlational analyses that showed a significant positive relationship between endocranial volume and brain mass. Unpaired tests within short-tailed shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris) and paired tests within budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) also yielded no significant differences between endocranial volume and brain mass. Thus, a combination of interspecific and intraspecific comparisons indicates that endocranial volume does provide a reliable estimate of brain .
Consumption of a smoothie or cereal-based breakfast: impact on thirst, hunger, appetite and subsequent dietary intake

Abstract Smoothies are a popular breakfast option. However, liquids may evoke weaker satiation than nutritionally comparable semi-solid and solid foods. This study examined consumption of cereal and milk (CM) or a nutritionally comparable fruit smoothie (FS) for breakfast on subsequent dietary behaviours, in a controlled laboratory setting. Twenty-five participants (age 25 ± 6 y) completed three trials, receiving either CM or FS for breakfast. Afterwards, participants remained isolated for 4 h with ad libitum access to foods/beverages. A repeat trial (CM or FS) allowed exploration of normal variability. Post-breakfast energy intake (EI) (CM = 1465(2436) vs. FS = 1787(3190) kJ, Median (IQR), p = 0.099), time to intake of next food/fluid (meal latency) (CM = 146(97) vs. FS = 180(100) min, p = 0.127), and subjective hunger, desire to eat, fullness and thirst ratings were similar between conditions (p’s > 0.05). The mean coefficient of variation for EI and meal latency were 41% and 21%, respectively. Consumption of a FS does not negatively impact acute EI and meal latency.
Loss of Material During the Isolation of Milk Fat Globule Membrane

Abstract Cream from uncooled fresh milk was washed three times in buffered sucrose. Membrane material was recovered from the washings and skim milk by centrifugation. Almost all milk protein was removed in three washes. The amount of phospholipid recovered decreased from wash 1 to wash 3. The total loss was 4% of the original cream phospholipid. The electrophoretic pattern of the major proteins in the particulate fraction of wash 1 was similar to membrane material from skim milk while that of wash 3 was similar to total fat globule membrane. Morphologically, the particulate matter of all the washings contained the same structural elements, primarily unit membrane-bound vesicles with a dense core and fragments of membrane. The proportion of fragments increased from wash 1 to wash 3. A selective disruption of milk fat globule membrane occurs during the washing process, and at least 16% of the membrane protein is removed.
Herbivores in a small world: network theory highlights vulnerability in the function of herbivory on coral reefs

1. The application of network theory within the field of ecology has predominantly been based around the examination of species interactions (e.g. food webs). Extension of networks to spatial ecology is currently limited, yet the approach has significant potential as a framework for analysing habitat connectivity and ecosystem stability. Examination of network structures characterizing the spatial dynamics of organisms has the potential to highlight the relative robustness or vulnerability of the ecosystem processes they support. 2. On coral reefs, grazing by large herbivorous fishes is critical in maintaining the balance between coral and algae and is widely recognized as a key process in reef ecosystem functioning. However, the spatial dynamics exhibited by roving herbivores, and the implications of these dynamics for the overall stability and resilience of herbivory on reefs are not well understood. 3. Here, we present a novel extension of network theory to the analysis of movements of marine herbivorous fishes within a reef system. Using an array of remote acoustic receivers, over a period of 12 months, we tracked the movements of fishes belonging to the three dominant species of roving herbivore within a particular coral reef community. 4. Analysing these movements in terms of network graph theory, we found that individual fishes clustered their activities within small sections of the available linear reef habitat, and movements within and outside of these home ranges were made along predictable routes. All three species were heavily reliant on particular, well-connected parts of the reef (nodes), mirroring an 'ultra-small-world' network. This underlying dynamic creates vulnerability in the system, making targeted removal by fishing or the degradation of individual pockets of reef habitat more likely to result in a complete collapse in the overall process of herbivory at that particular area of reef. 5. Our results highlight an inherent vulnerability in the movement dynamics of herbivorous fishes and, by extension, in the overall process of herbivory in reef ecosystems. They suggest that maintaining high herbivore abundances across all reef habitats is critical in preserving the integrity of the grazing function on reefs. The approach of using network graph theory to analyse acoustic telemetry data is illuminating and is likely to have a range of applications across diverse ecosystems.
Remote Sensing Image Semantic Segmentation Based on Edge Information Guidance

Semantic segmentation is an important field for automatic processing of remote sensing image data. Existing algorithms based on Convolution Neural Network (CNN) have made rapid progress, especially the Fully Convolution Network (FCN). However, problems still exist when directly inputting remote sensing images to FCN because the segmentation result of FCN is not fine enough, and it lacks guidance for prior knowledge. To obtain more accurate segmentation results, this paper introduces edge information as prior knowledge into FCN to revise the segmentation results. Specifically, the Edge-FCN network is proposed in this paper, which uses the edge information detected by Holistically Nested Edge Detection (HED) network to correct the FCN segmentation results. The experiment results on ESAR dataset and GID dataset demonstrate the validity of Edge-FCN.
Post hoc Responder and Remission Analyses from Two Studies of SHP465 Mixed Amphetamine Salts Extended-Release Among Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Objectives: In two studies of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), SHP465 mixed amphetamine salts (MAS) extended-release significantly reduced ADHD-Rating Scale, 4th Edition total score (ADHD-RS-IV-TS) versus placebo (PBO). This report describes post hoc analyses of SHP465 MAS treatment response and remission rates from those studies. Methods: Adults with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision–defined ADHD were randomized to SHP465 MAS (12.5–75 mg) or PBO in a 7-week dose-optimization study and to SHP465 MAS (25, 50, or 75 mg) or PBO in a 6-week fixed-dose study. Response was examined using three definitions (definition 1: ≥30% ADHD-RS-IV-TS reduction + Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement [CGI-I] rating of 1 or 2; definition 2: ≥50% ADHD-RS-IV-TS reduction + CGI-I rating of 1 or 2; definition 3: ADHD-RS-IV-TS ≤18). Remission was defined as ADHD-RS-IV-TS ≤12. The Kaplan–Meier analyses assessed time to response or remission. Results: The intent-to-treat populations included 136 SHP465 MAS and 132 PBO participants in the dose-optimization study and 302 SHP465 MAS and 103 PBO participants in the fixed-dose study. Percentages of participants meeting response criteria (SHP465 MAS vs. PBO) at the final treatment week in the dose-optimization and fixed-dose studies, respectively, were 66.0% versus 31.6% and 72.7% versus 28.3% (definition 1); 47.9% versus 27.6% and 60.6% versus 16.7% (definition 2); and 54.3% versus 30.3% and 52.6% versus 18.3% (definition 3). The remission criterion (SHP465 MAS vs. PBO) at the final treatment week was met by 37.2% versus 19.7% of participants in the dose-optimization study and 39.7% versus 10.0% of participants in the fixed-dose study. Times to response and remission favored SHP465 MAS over PBO in both studies (all nominal log-rank p < 0.0001). Conclusion: These post hoc analyses indicate that SHP465 MAS was associated with greater response and remission rates than PBO in adults with ADHD, with times to response and remission also nominally favoring SHP465 MAS.
Increasing Coverage of Proteome Identification of the Fruiting Body of Agaricus bisporus by Shotgun Proteomics

To increase coverage of protein identification of an Agaricus bisporus fruiting body, we analyzed the crude protein fraction of the fruiting body by using a shotgun proteomics approach where 7 MudPIT (Multi-Protein identification Technology) runs were conducted and the MS/MS spectra from the 7 MudPIT runs were merged. Overall, 3093 non-redundant proteins were identified to support the expression of those genes annotated in the genome database of Agaricus bisporus. The physicochemical properties of the identified proteins, i.e., wide pI value range and molecular mass range, were indicative of unbiased protein identification. The relative quantification of the identified proteins revealed that K5XI50 (Aldedh domain-containing protein) and K5XEW1 (Ubiquitin-like domain-containing protein) were highly abundant in the fruiting body. Based on the information in the Uniprot (Universal Protein Resource) database for A. bisporus, only approximately 53% of the 3093 identified proteins have been functionally described and approximately 47% of the proteins remain uncharacterized. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the majority of proteins were annotated with a biological process, and proteins associated with coiled-coil (12.8%) and nucleotide binding (8.21%) categories were dominant. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis revealed that proteins involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and tyrosine metabolism were enriched in a fruiting body of Agaricus bisporus, suggesting that the proteins are associated with antioxidant metabolites.
Associations Between Maternal Antenatal Corticosteroid Treatment and Mental and Behavioral Disorders in Children.

Importance Maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment is standard care to accelerate fetal maturation when birth before 34 weeks is imminent. Recently, expansion of the indications beyond 34 gestational weeks has been debated. However, data about long-term outcomes remain limited, especially among infants who after treatment exposure are born at term. Objective To study if antenatal corticosteroid treatment is associated with mental and behavioral disorders in children born at term (≥37 weeks 0 days' gestation) and preterm (<37 weeks 0 days' gestation) and if unmeasured familial confounding explains these associations. Design, Setting, and Participants Population-based retrospective cohort study using nationwide registries of all singleton live births in Finland surviving until 1 year and a within-sibpair comparison among term siblings. Children were born between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2017, and followed up until December 31, 2017. Exposures Maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was any childhood mental and behavioral disorder diagnosed in public specialized medical care settings. Results Of the 674 877 singleton children born in Finland during the study period, 670 097 were eligible for analysis. The median length of follow-up was 5.8 (interquartile-range, 3.1-8.7) years. Of the 14 868 (2.22%; 46.1% female) corticosteroid treatment-exposed children, 6730 (45.27%) were born at term and 8138 (54.74%) were born preterm; of the 655 229 (97.78%; 48.9% female) nonexposed children, 634 757 (96.88%) were born at term and 20 472 (3.12%) were born preterm. Among the 241 621 eligible term-born maternal sibpairs nested within this population, 4128 (1.71%) pairs were discordant for treatment exposure. Treatment exposure, compared with nonexposure, was significantly associated with higher risk of any mental and behavioral disorder in the entire cohort of children (12.01% vs 6.45%; absolute difference, 5.56% [95% CI, 5.04%-6.19%]; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.33 [95% CI, 1.26-1.41]), in term-born children (8.89% vs 6.31%; absolute difference, 2.58% [95% CI, 1.92%-3.29%]; HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.36-1.69]), and when sibpairs discordant for treatment exposure were compared with sibpairs concordant for nonexposure (6.56% vs 4.17% for within-sibpair differences; absolute difference, 2.40% [95% CI, 1.67%-3.21%]; HR, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.21-1.58]). In preterm-born children, the cumulative incidence rate of any mental and behavioral disorder was also significantly higher for the treatment-exposed compared with the nonexposed children, but the HR was not significant (14.59% vs 10.71%; absolute difference, 3.38% [95% CI, 2.95%-4.87%]; HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.92-1.09]). Conclusions and Relevance In this population-based cohort study, exposure to maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment was significantly associated with mental and behavioral disorders in children. These findings may help inform decisions about maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment.