Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Euro-scepticism as party strategy: Persistence and change in party-based opposition to European integration

Parteien, die eine grundsatzlich oder bedingt ablehnende Haltung der europaischen Integration gegenuber vertreten, sind im gesamten politischen Spektrum zu finden. Ein kursorischer Blick auf die europaische Parteienlandschaft zeigt, dass Mitte-Links- und Mitte-Rechts-Parteien eher nicht zur Ubernahme einer grundsatzlich euro-skeptischen Position tendieren, obwohl sie bestimmte Aspekte der europaischen Integration ablehnen mogen, wenn diese programmatischen Zielen zuwiderlaufen. Bis auf einige bedeutende Ausnahmen beschrankt sich die prinzipielle Ablehnung auf Parteien an den Randern des politischen Spektrums bzw. auf Parteien, die spezifische Interessen und Identitaten repr asentieren. Basierend auf der Annahme, dass die Entscheidung einer Partei fur die Annahme einer europa-skeptischen Haltung bzw. deren Modifikation eine strategische ist, untersucht der Beitrag die Wurzeln fur den Euroskeptizismus der Partien und die Dynamiken seiner Unveranderlichkeit bzw. seines Wandels. Die Parteistrategie ist untrennbar mit der Position der Partei im jeweiligen Parteiensystem verbunden und wird von der Abwagung der folgenden vier, das Wesen einer politischen Partei bestimmende Ziele bestimmt: dem organisatorischen Uberleben, der Umsetzung spezifischer programmatischer Ziele (policies), der Stimmenmaximierung (votes) und der Ausubung von Regierungsgewalt (office). Obwohl viele, wenn nicht sogar fast alle Parteien Strategien der sog. Catch-all- Parteien oder Kartellparteien verfolgen, hat doch eine beachtliche Anzahl an Parteien alternative oder gemischte Strategien gewahlt. Die euro-skeptischen Tendenzen der Parteien und die Anreize fur eine solche ablehnende Haltung werden mit diesen unterschiedlichen Strategien in Zusammenhang gebracht und analysiert. Folgenden Fragen wird nachgegangen: Warum ubernehmen Parteien euroskeptische Positionen und warum verandern sie diese? Die Zahmung der Widerspenstigen oder die Abschwachung des Euroskeptizismus kann uber Veranderungen in der Gewichtung der vier Ziele oder den Rahmenbedingungen erfolgen oder uber eine Kombination aus beiden.
Multiple point principle of the Standard Model with scalar singlet dark matter and right-handed neutrinos

We consider the multiple point principle (MPP) of the Standard Model (SM) with the scalar singlet Dark Matter (DM) and three heavy right-handed neutrinos at the scale where the beta function �� of the effective Higgs self couplingeff becomes zero. We make the two-loop analysis and find that the top quark mass Mt and the Higgs portal couplingare strongly related each other. One of the good points in this model is that the larger Mt (& 171GeV) is allowed. This fact is consistent with the recent experimental value (28) Mt = 173.34 ± 0.76 GeV, which corresponds to the DM mass 769 GeV ≤ mDM ≤ 1053 GeV.
On the origin of macroquantization in astrophysics and celestial motion

Despite the use of Bohr radius formula to predict celestial quantization has led to numerous verified observations, the cosmological origin of this macroquantization remains an open question. In this article various plausible approaches are discussed. Further observation to verify or refute this proposition is recommended, in particular for exoplanets. RESUME: En depit de l'utilisation de la formule de rayon de Bohr de prevoir la quantification celeste a mene aux nombreuses observations veri- fiees, l'origine cosmologique de ce macroquantization est une question en suspens. En cet article de diverses approches plausibles sont discutees. Promouvez l'observation pour verifier ou refuter cette proposition est re- commandee, en particulier pour des exoplanets.
HETEROGENEITY , COMMONALITY AND INTERDEPENDENCE IN THE EURO AREA : Size and Dynamics of Fiscal Spillover Effects in macroeconomic-financial linkages

The paper develops empirical measures to estimate the strength and dymanic of fiscal spillover effects in the Euro Area. It moves for estimating a Bayesian VAR model of real and financial variables in order to examine in depth economic policy coordination and policy making, with a strong attention on the current financial crisis. Spillovers are estimated recursively with weakly-exogenous common factors. The aim of the project accounts for interdependencies across countries within the Euro Area and derives impulse response functions and conditional forecasts with the output of an Monte Carlo Marco Chain (MCMC) routine. However, the paper attempts to estimate the systemic contribution and cross-country transmission of unexpected shocks on the productivity in the EA between June 1995 and March 2014. Overall, the positive impact on outputs in the financial dimension indicates the importance of coordinated fiscal actions in the EA. Shocks overflow in a heterogeneous way across countries. Moreover, financial variables show higher amplification of spillover effects which can be seen as a result of increased interdependence between variables. Finally, the analysis is consistent and robust with the more recent literature on business cycles, which recognizes the importance of both group-specific and global factors in evaluating cross-country spillovers and responses to an unexpected shocks.
Effect of FeSO4 and pH on Shoot Regeneration from the Cotyledonary Explants of Tossa Jute

Contamination free healthy seedling is required for plant regeneration. In order to achieve this, seeds of tossa jute were germinated on both agar supported hormone free MS medium and cotton supported hormone free liquid MS medium in vitro. Percentage of seeds germinated on cotton supported medium was found to be much higher (97.6%) than seeds germinated on agar (45.8%) supported medium. Seedlings grown on cotton supported medium were healthier than the seedling grown on agar supported medium. To optimize the FeSO4 concentration and pH level for in vitro shoot regeneration from the cotyledon explants of tossa jute (var. O-9897 and O-72), the explants were inoculated onto MS medium (0.5 mg/l IAA and 3.0 mg/l BAP) which was maintained with different concentrations of FeSO4 (0, 28, 56, 84 and 112 mg/l) and a wide range of pH levels (4.0 to 7.5). The highest rate of shoot regeneration was achieved in a shoot-regenerating medium with 56 mg/l FeSO4 and a pH of 5.5. Shoot multiplication and growth rate were significantly affected by different concentrations of FeSO4. Shoots were not formed in a FeSO4 free medium. Percentage shoot regeneration and number of shoots produced per explant were significantly affected by the pH but both variety respond well in pH 5.5. When the pH was adjusted below or above 5.5, the growth rate of the shoot significantly decreased.
Balancing family and work: the e¤ect of cash benets for working mothers

The aim of this paper is to measure the potential e¤ect of a family policy introduced in Spain in 2003 that provides working mothers with a monthly cash bene t of 100 euros per child aged under 3 years. We explore the e¤ect of the policy on eligible womens labour market participation. In the tradition of the policy evaluation literature we use a di¤erence-in-di¤erences-in-di¤erences (DDD) estimation approach. Our results support a small but signi cant positive e¤ect of the policy. We nd that since the implementation of the policy the labour market participation rate for mothers of children aged under 3 has risen by 3 percentage points compared to the rate for non-policy-eligible females. This represents 5% of their average labour market participation in 2002, the year before the policy was implemented. This overall Acknowledgments: We would like to thank Víctor Aguirregabiria, Alfonso Alba, César Alonso, Carlos Bethencourt, Raquel Carrasco, Cristina Fernández, Sara de la Rica, participants in the Society of Labor Economics 2005 Conference and the 2006 Econometric Society European Meeting and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. R. Sánchez-Mangas is thankful for research funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, project SEJ 2006-04957/ECON, and from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Comunidad de Madrid, project CCG06-UAM/HUM0452. V. Sánchez-Marcos is thankful for research funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, project SEJ 2006-10827/ECON. This paper previously circulated with the title "Reconciling female labour participation and motherhood: the e¤ect of cash bene ts for working mothers" yCorresponding author: V. Sánchez-Marcos, Dpto. de Economía, Universidad de Cantabria, Avenida de los Castros s/n, 39503 Santander, SPAIN. Tel:+ 34 942202025. e-mail: sanchezv@unican.es
Generational Accounting: A Meaningful Way to Evaluate Fiscal Policy

This paper illustrates the technique of generational accounting, a new way to evaluate fiscal policy that overcomes the inherent ambiguities of traditional deficit accounting. The authors illustrate why there is no 'correct' measure of the deficit and how generational accounting--estimating the fiscal burdens current policy places on different generations--provides a clearer picture of the intergenerational and macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy than any measure of the deficit. Their calculations suggest that, despite recent changes, U.S. fiscal policy is unsustainable in that it will ultimately require future generations to bear a much higher burden than those currently alive.
Relationship between carbon catabolite repression and the biosynthesis regulation of the prolidase PepQ from Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus CNRZ 397

Lactobacillus delbrueckiissp. bulgaricus CNRZ 397 (L. bulgaricus) displays several enzymes specific of proline-containing peptides. We focused on the prolidase PepQ which specifi- cally cleaves X-Pro dipeptides. PepQ biosynthesis was previously shown to be independent of the pep- tide concentration of the culture medium in contrast to the cell surface proteinase PrtB and several aminopeptidases. Regulation of PepQ biosynthesis can be explained by the genetic organization of the region pepR1-cre-pepQ. The pepR1 gene encodes a CcpA-like regulator and its promoter harbors a cre site located immediately upstream of pepQ. Expression of fusions cre-pepQ-lacZand pepQ-lacZ in Bacillus subtilis showed that, under glucose conditions, the regulator CcpA acts as a transcriptional activator of pepQ expression. Analysis of PepQ biosynthesis in L. bulgaricus cells grown in differ- ent media is in agreement with a regulation dependent on carbohydrates. Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus / catabolite repression / PepQ / PepR1
Emotional Intelligence in Indian Folklore

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the topic of concern for the last six decades. The existence and promotion of EI skills in Indian society from ancient times were explored through popular collection of Indian folklore, such as Panchatantra, Hitopdesha and Jatakas. The cultural literatures including the religious texts play a significant role as people believed in imbibing it. But due to scarcity of text, people developed different types of folklores. The main objective behind creating folklore was to champion the core values and promote the holistic development of the society. The most common competencies observed in the folktales were perception, understanding, and managing emotions of other’s. Abilities repeatedly mentioned in the stories were considered necessary for a person to grow as socially adept individual. Moral teachings from the stories of panchtantra, hitopdesha and others provided evidence in favor of the emphasis laid on the skills related to EI in the folktales. It also helps in concluding that emotional intelligence is not a new concept in India rather it was one of the prime concerns of the ancestors to guide their children and young people in growing as a healthy, mature and responsible individual of the society.
The Innovation Study of Japan and US Semiconductor Companies —Internal Invention and Non-Internal Invention

The negotiations with other firms (opponents) such as licensing are likely to take action as a routine-work of certain actions. It will make decisions in some paradoxical situation not only patent infringement lawsuit, but also cross-licensing negotiations in strategic business. It should be noted that inventions were regarded as only performance of RD we shall call them inventions for patent strategy. So then, we picked out for several US and Japanese semiconductor manufacturers, and so our analysis separated out the number of inventions motivated by technological strategy within the whole set of inventions. Unlike other types of property, IP (intellectual property) assets lack clear property lines and every type of intellectual property you can own comes with connections to other valuable innovations. These ownership rights are also exactly changing. They are embedded in a dynamic technology context, one in which new innovations and new advances are constantly added. One of the best ways to examine that context is observing the legal property provided by patent citations, the references to the prior IP on which the patented inventions build. Patent citations are very important because they make the relationships among technologies and related property rights. The objective is to show that firms make inventions not only on technological factors, but also on patent strategy. Simple analysis method is proposed to identify how many non-internal inventions are filed for patents.
The Regret Elements Scale: Distinguishing the emotional and cognitive components of regret. (Revision requested)

Regret is one of the most common emotions, but researchers generally measure it in an ad-hoc, unvalidated fashion. Three studies outline the construction and validation of the Regret Elements Scale (RES), which distinguishes between an affective component of regret, associated with maladaptive affective outcomes, and a cognitive component of regret, associated with functional preparatory outcomes. The present research demonstrates the RES’s relationship with distress (Study 1), appraisals of emotions (Study 2), and existing measures of regret (Study 3). We further demonstrate the RES’s ability to differentiate regret from other negative emotions (Study 2) and related traits (Study 3). The scale provides both a new theoretical perspective on regret, and a tool for researchers interested in measuring post-decisional regret.
Insulin as a model to teach three-dimensional structure of proteins

Proteins are the most ubiquitous macromolecules found in the living cells and have severals physiological functions. Therefore, it is fundamental to build a solid knowledge about the proteins three-dimensional structure to better understand the living state. The hierarchical structure of proteins is usually studied in the undergraduate discipline of Biochemistry. Here we described pedagogical interventions designed to increase the pre-service teacher chemistry students’ knowledge about protein structure. The activities were made using alternative and cheap materials to encourage the application of these simple methodologies by the future teachers in the secondary school. From the primary structure of insulin chains, students had to construct a three-dimensional structure of insulin. After the activities, the students highlighted an improvement of their previous knowledge about proteins structure. The construction of a three-dimensional model together with other activities seems to be an efficient way to promote the learning about the structure of proteins to undergraduate students. The methodology used was inexpensive and simple and it can be used both in the university and in the high-school.
A new proximity function generating the best known iteration bounds for both large-update and small-update interior-point methods

Abstract Interior-Point Methods (IPMs) are not only very effective in practice for solving linear optimization problems but also have polynomial-time complexity. Despite the practical efficiency of large-update algorithms, from a theoretical point of view, these algorithms have a weaker iteration bound with respect to small-update algorithms. In fact, there is a significant gap between theory and practice for large-update algorithms. By introducing self-regular barrier functions, Peng, Roos and Terlaky improved this gap up to a factor of log n. However, checking these self-regular functions is not simple and proofs of theorems involving these functions are very complicated. Roos el al. by presenting a new class of barrier functions which are not necessarily self-regular, achieved very good results through some much simpler theorems. In this paper we introduce a new kernel function in this class which yields the best known complexity bound, both for large-update and small-update methods.
Pricing Formula for Exotic Options with Assets Exposed to Counterparty Risk

This paper gives analytical formulas for lookback and barrier options on underlying assets that are exposed to a counterparty risk. The counterparty risk induces a drop in the asset price, but the asset can still be traded after this default time. A novel technique is developed to valuate the lookback and barrier options by first conditioning on the predefault and the postdefault time and then obtain the unconditional analytic formulas for their prices.
The plasmonic memristor: a latching optical switch

Plasmonic memristors are electrically activated optical switches with a memory effect. This effect is important for a new generation of latching optical switches that maintain their state without power consumption. It is also of interest for new optical memories that can be activated by a single electrical write/erase impulse. The operation principle is based on the reversible formation of a conductive path in the dielectric layer of a plasmonic metal–insulator–metal waveguide. Extinction ratios of 12 dB (6 dB) are demonstrated in 10 μm (5 μm) long devices for operating voltages of ±2 V. With this, the devices feature the characteristics of electronic resistive random access memory, but for the field of plasmonics. Such plasmonic memristors are interesting in view of new applications in information storage and for low power circuit switching.
Deciphering Effects of Surface Charge on Particle Removal by TiO2 Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers

ABSTRACTOver the recent years, the continued increase in the number of particles in air has become a public concern. This problem can be addressed by using nanofibers to filter fine particles. However, nanofibers possess complex characteristics. As such, the effects of surface charge require further studies. In this study, the surface voltages of nanofibers were analyzed with an electrometer after these fibers were charged through corona discharge to investigate the mechanism of filtration. Results indicated that the surface voltage of 2.0% TiO2 polyacrylonitrile ﬁbers (TPFs) can reach up to 0.97 kV and then decrease to 0.60 kV after 96 h. Particles were optimally removed by charged polyacrylonitrile fibers (PFs) and TPFs. Particle penetration decreased by 71% of TPF and 36% of PF. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms revealed that increasing the surface area and roughness of these materials are more favorable for charge maintenance to promote particle removal. Our research could provide an in-depth understanding of the effects of surface charge on particle removal and show how systems can be optimized for further applications.
AN UPDATE ON RESULTS FROM THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES EXPERIMENTS ON THE MARS EXPLORATION ROVERS, SPIRIT AND OPPORTUNITY.

Introduction: The Magnetic Properties Experiments were designed to investigate the properties of the airborne dust in the Martian atmosphere. A preferred interpretation of previous experiments (Viking and Pathfinder) was that the airborne dust is primarily composed by composite silicate particles containing as a minor constituent the mineral maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) 1 . In this abstract we show how the magnetic properties experiments on Spirit and Opportunity provide information on the distribution of magnetic mineral(s) in the dust on Mars, with emphasis on results from Opportunity. The Sweep Magnet Experiment: One aim of the sweep magnet experiment is to evaluate the fraction of non-magnetic particles present in the airborne dust. The sweep magnet experiment is placed next to the Pancam Calibration Target 2 . The magnet itself is a ring magnet with inner radius of 2.0 mm and outer radius of 4.5 mm. The ring is embedded in an aluminum structure and the active surface of the sweep magnet is horizontal. The combination of surface magnetic field and field gradient (B = 0.42 T and 450 Tm -1 ) is strong enough to deflect the paths of arriving particles so that even particles that are weakly magnetic (specific magnetic susceptibility κ < 0.5 10 -6 m 3 kg -1 ) will be attracted to the magnetic ring of the magnet. The sweep magnet ring will therefore attract and hold most iron containing minerals including most paramagnetic materials leaving the inner center free of magnetic particles.
Parallel Algorithms for Freezing Problems during Cryosurgery

Treatment planning based on numerical simula- tion before cryosurgery is an indispensable way to achieve exactly killing of tumors. Furthermore, intraoperative pre- diction based on monitoring results can lead to more accu- rate ablation. However, conventional serial program is diffi- cult to meet the challenge of real-time assistance with com- plex treatment plans. In this study, two parallel numerical algorithms, i.e. parallel explicit scheme and Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) scheme using the block pipelined method for parallelization, based on an effective heat capac- ity method are established to solve three-dimensional phase change problems in biological tissues subjected to multiple cryoprobes. The validation, speedups as well as efficiencies of parallelized computations of the both schemes were com- pared. It was shown that the parallel algorithms developed here can perform rapid prediction of temperature distribu- tion for cryosurgery, and that parallel computing is hopeful to assist cryosurgeons with prospective parallel treatment planning in the near future.
On the Relation between Particle Morphology , Structure of the Metal-Support Interface , and Catalytic Properties of Pt / γ-Al 2 O 3

On the Relation between Particle Morphology, Structure of the Metal-Support Interface, and Catalytic Properties of Pt/γ -Al2O3 Marius Vaarkamp,∗,1 Jeffrey T. Miller,† Frank S. Modica,† and Diek C. Koningsberger‡ ∗Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; †AMOCO Research Center, P.O. Box 3011, Naperville, Illinois 60566-7011; and ‡Debye Institute, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80083, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands