Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing SWAT with SWAT-MODFLOW hydrological simulations when assessing the impacts of groundwater abstractions for irrigation and drinking water

Abstract. Being able to account for temporal patterns of streamflow, the distribution of groundwater resources, as well as the interactions between surface water and groundwater is imperative for informed water resources management. We hypothesize that, when assessing the impacts of water abstractions on streamflow patterns, the benefits of applying a coupled catchment model relative to a lumped semi-distributed catchment model outweigh the costs of additional data requirement and computational resources. We applied the widely used semi-distributed SWAT model and the recently developed SWAT-MODFLOW model, which allows full distribution of the groundwater domain, to a Danish, lowland, groundwater-dominated catchment, the Uggerby River Catchment. We compared the performance of the two models based on the observed streamflow and assessed the simulated streamflow signals of each model when running four groundwater abstraction scenarios with real wells and abstraction rates. The SWAT-MODFLOW model complex was further developed to enable the application of the Drain Package of MODFLOW and to allow auto-irrigation on agricultural fields and pastures. Both models were calibrated and validated, and an approach based on PEST was developed and utilized to enable simultaneous calibration of SWAT and MODFLOW parameters. Both models demonstrated generally good performance for the temporal pattern of streamflow, albeit SWAT-MODFLOW performed somewhat better. In addition, SWAT-MODFLOW generates spatially explicit groundwater-related outputs, such as spatial-temporal patterns of water table elevation. In the abstraction scenarios analysis, both models indicated that abstraction for drinking water caused some degree of streamflow depletion, while abstraction for auto-irrigation led to a slight total flow increase (but a decrease of soil or aquifer water storages, which may influence the hydrology outside the catchment). In general, the simulated signals of SWAT-MODFLOW appeared more plausible than those of SWAT, and the SWAT-MODFLOW decrease in streamflow was much closer to the actual volume abstracted. The impact of drinking water abstraction on streamflow depletion simulated by SWAT was unrealistically low, and the streamflow increase caused by irrigation abstraction was exaggerated compared with SWAT-MODFLOW. We conclude that the further developed SWAT-MODFLOW model calibrated by PEST had a better hydrological simulation performance, wider possibilities for groundwater analysis, and much more realistic signals relative to the semi-distributed SWAT model when assessing the impacts of groundwater abstractions for either irrigation or drinking water on streamflow; hence, it has the potential to be a useful tool in the management of water resources in groundwater-affected catchments. However, this comes at the expense of higher computational demand and more time consumption.
GENERAL PB‐ISOTOPE SYSTEMATICS OF SOURCES FOR VOLCANIC ROCKS OF THE LATEST GEODYNAMIC STAGE IN ASIA

The modern theory of the evolving Earth is based on integrated isotopic data obtained for the accessible part of the planet and cosmic bodies, in which the U–Pb isotope system plays a key role. The theory is tested by the isotope systematics of oceanic basalt sources. The origin of continental volcanic rocks is often interpreted in terms of the isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts. However, such interpretations, as a rule, reveal contradictions arising from differences in the history and current mantle dynamics of oceans and continents. Under the oceans, a mantle material has long lost connection with the accessible Earth tectonic units; under the continents such a connection is often established. The nature of the evolution of deep‐seated processes under the continents remains uncertain and, by analogy with the oceans, requires deciphering in terms of the components of the mantle sources for volcanic rocks. In modern lithospheric plates of the Earth, there are regions ranging in width from hundreds to thousands of kilometers, which are characterized by high strain rates and, consequently, at least one to two orders of magnitude lower viscosity relative to that of the internal stable parts of the plates. This gives them a special structural status of “dispersed plate boundaries”. The isotope‐geochemical studies of volcanic rocks from regions of the unstable Asia revealed the different nature of components in sources, for which particular interpretations have been proposed. In this paper, a general systematics of sources is defined for volcanic rocks of the latest geodynamic stage in Asia through estimating the incubation time on the 207Pb/204Pb versus 206Pb/204Pb diagram. Two domains are designated: (1) low 238U/204Pb (LOMU) derived from the viscous protomantle (VIPMA), and (2) elevated 238U/204Pb (ELMU). The mantle domains evolved from the Earth's primary material between 4.51 and 4.36 Gyr ago, 4.0 and 3.7 Gyr ago, 2.9 and 2.6 Gyr ago, 2.0 and 1.8 Gyr ago, about 0.66 Gyr ago and <0.09 Gyr ago. Melting anomalies of ELMU sources characterize the unstable mantle of Southern Asia, and those of LOMU sources belong to the Japan‐Baikal geodynamic corridor of the transitional region between the unstable mantle of Asia and its stable core. The Late Cenozoic evolution of the Japan‐Baikal geodynamic corridor resulted in cutting the LOMU domain by the Jeju‐Vitim ELMU source line.
Improved DTCWT-LMS and FastICA Based sEMG Signals Filtering

A novel design of dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) and fastICA was proposed, aiming at the noise interference and aliasing between multi-channels sEMG signals. Firstly, DTCWT was utilized to decompose signals to different frequency band. Secondly, an improved LMS adaptive filter was designed for filtering sub band noise layer by layer. Finally, fastICA algorithm was introduced to separate crosstalk between channels. Some experiments were carried out to compare the proposed method with other algorithms, and the results showed that the algorithm proposed could filter noise effectively, keep better convergence especially in low signal-to-noise ratio and eliminate crosstalk more thoroughly by fastICA.
Real-time scale-adaptive correlation filters tracker with depth information to handle occlusion

Abstract. In visual object tracking, occlusions significantly undermine the performance of tracking algorithms. RGB-D cameras, such as Microsoft Kinect or the related PrimeSense camera, are widely available to consumers. Great attention has been focused on exploiting depth information for object tracking in recent years. We propose an algorithm that improves the existing correlation filter-based tracker for scale-adaptive tracking. Moreover, we utilize depth information provided by the Kinect camera to handle various types of occlusions. First, the optimal location of the target is obtained by the conventional kernelized correlation filter tracker. Then, we make use of the discriminative correlation filter for scale estimation as an independent part. At last, to further improve the tracking performance under occlusions, we present a simple yet effective occlusion handling mechanism to detect occlusion and recovery. In this mechanism, cluster analysis and object segmentation by K-means method have been applied to depth data. Numerous experiments on Princeton RGB-D tracking dataset demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms several state-of-the-art trackers by successfully dealing with occlusions.
Developing freeze-dried bioproducts for the Russian military in the Arctic

The Arctic is currently a strategic region of Russia and it requires military protection. Good nutrition is a prerequisite for successful performance of the servicemen in such extreme conditions. The Russian armed forces do not have a special ration for the Arctic region. The existing rations lack products enriched with biologically ac- tive substances, probiotics, prebiotics, or vitamin and mineral complexes. Subcaloric nutrition, even with short-term physical exertion, in combination with low temperatures deprives the human body of vitamins and minerals. There- fore, the development of freeze-dried bioproducts with functional properties is highly relevant. This article presents the results of a study aimed to develop new freeze-dried milk-based bioproducts for the Russian military in the Arc- tic. For this, we created a microbial consortium of lactic acid bacteria with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. We also used a range of functional ingredients, namely pectin, pine nut meal, a ‘Lactobel’ prebiotic protein-and-car- bohydrate product, rowan puree, and rosehip syrup in the amounts established during the study. The new freeze- dried milk-based bioproducts named ‘Pobeda’, enriched with combiotics and metabiotics, will provide the Russian military with better nutrition in the extreme conditions of the Arctic.
A customizable, scalable control solution for digitally-based reconfigurable magnetic microfluidic systems

Recent trends in microfluidic technologies are leaning to more streamlined and integrated platforms that can perform a variety of tasks. In order to achieve this, a continuous-flow integrated microfluidics system needs to be made portable through the use of components that are digitally controllable. The proposed device will use magnetic-based microfluidics components, such as valves and mixers, which will require an electromagnetic based model of actuation. The scope of this thesis is to design and optimize an FPGA-based control system comprised of a user interface, device libraries and circuitry to connect to the physical components. Particular focus is given to optimizing the actuation system for magnetic microvalves to ensure power efficiency, a trait that is paramount for a portable device such as the proposed microfluidics platform. Theoretical models and simulations are evaluated through experimentation to determine which best correlate with the physical system. This enables the selection of a set of parameters that result in a power-efficient actuation system. The simulations and evaluations are used to define a procedure for parameter selection. The selection criteria for these parameters are evaluated for an example system and the resulting actuation system behaves as predicted in a physical demonstration. The actuation system is integrated with the user interface through a software framework designed to be modular, scalable and easy to upgrade.
Finite-time consensus for multi-agent systems via impulsive control

This paper investigates the finite-time consensus problem of leaderless and leader-follower multi-agent systems via impulsive control. Based on finite-time control technique and impulsive control strategy, two distributed finite-time consensus protocols are proposed. Some sufficient conditions are given to ensure that the proposed impulsive protocols have a much faster convergence speed than continuous finite-time protocols without impulse. It is also shown that the desired states can be achieved in finite time by intermittently sending the leader's state to at least one follower. Moreover, the range of the impulsive gains that can be tolerated by system is given. Finally, some simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocols and the appropriateness of the bound of the impulsive gains.
Socioeconomic Drivers of Global Blue Water Use

The recent intensification of international trade has led to a growing disconnection between consumer demand for goods and services and the water resources that support them. The important role of household demands on the exploitation of distant freshwater resources is widely recognized, yet the different socioeconomic drivers underlying the trends in domestic and foreign water use remain poorly quantified. In this work, the main mechanisms governing the exploitation of domestic and foreign freshwater resources are quantified by undertaking a structural decomposition analysis over the period 1994–2010 in 186 countries. Our results show that growth in affluence has been the main determinant of rising water consumption trends worldwide. There are indications that consumers in developed countries tend to increase their affluence by intensifying the use of foreign water resources. Conversely, affluence growth in developing regions seems to rely on the exploitation of local water resources revealing a significant imbalance among economies. The growth of affluence and population has been only partially offset by improvements in the intensity of blue water use by producers and, to a lesser extent, by changes in the interdependences among sectors.
A Manuscript Combination Plan for Controlling Data Reduction Issues

Mining software repositories is definitely an interdisciplinary domain, which aims to use data mining techniques to cope with software engineering problems to automate the bug triaging process. To prevent the costly price of manual bug triage, we advise a computerized bug triage approach, which are applicable text classification strategies to predict designers for bug reviews. Within this approach, an insect report is planned to some document along with a related developer is planned towards the label from the document. Then, bug triage is converted to a problem of text classification and it is instantly solved with mature text classification techniques. Data reduction for bug triage aims to construct a little-scale and-quality group of bug data by getting rid of bug reviews and words that are redundant or non-informative. Within our work, we combine existing techniques of instance selection and have selection to concurrently lessen the bug dimension and also the word dimension. Our work provides an approach to leverage methods on data processing to form reduced as well as high-quality bug data in software development as well as maintenance. To find out order of applying instance selection as well as feature selection, we take out attributes from historical bug data sets and a predictive model was considered for a latest bug data set. Our data reduction can effectively decrease the data scale and get better the accuracy of bug triage.
A new southern-most record of the Sonoran Coralsnake, Micruroides euryxanthus Kennicott, 1860, (Squamata: Elapidae) from the state of Jalisco, Mexico

of two genera: Micrurus and Micruroides (Campbell and Lamar, 2004). Micruroides is a monotypic genus that differs from the other New World coralsnakes in having a single pair of gular shields, separated prefrontal bones, a red ring that follows the pale nuchal ring, and the presence of solid maxillary teeth situated posterior to the fangs (Roze, 1974; Campbell and Lamar, 2004; Meik et al., 2007). The Sonoran Coralsnake, Micruroides euryxanthus (Kennicott, 1860), is the only species in the genus, and is distributed in Arizona and New Mexico, in the southwestern United States, southward into northwestern and western México, in the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, and Jalisco (Roze, 1974; Campbell and Lamar, 2004; WoolrichPiña et al., 2016, Bezy et al., 2017; Cruz-Sáenz et al., 2017; Ahumada-Carrillo et al., 2018). Three subspecies are currently known on the basis of lepidosis and colour pattern (Campbell and Lamar, 2004): M. euryxanthus euryxanthus Kennicott, 1860, M. euryxanthus australis Zweifel and Norris, 1955, and M. euryxanthus neglectus Roze, 1967. Herein we present a new record of Micruroides euryxanthus for the state of Jalisco, in western Mexico. On 4 March 2017, while conducting diurnal fieldwork in the surroundings of Cocula, in central Jalisco (5 km SW of Cocula, municipality of Cocula, Jalisco; 20.3421, -103.8305, WGS-84; 1399 m), we found an adult Micruroides euryxanthus (CEZUG-R394; Fig. 1). The snake was found dead on a hillside covered by tropical deciduous forest with secondary vegetation. The body showed two injuries in the posterior region of the body; and since there are no vehicle-accessible roads on this hill, we assume that the snake was probably trampled upon by one of the cows that graze in the area. The specimen, an adult female, measures 368.4 mm snout-vent length (SVL) and 22.9 mm tail length. Its colour pattern consists of 15 black body rings that are 5–7 dorsal scales in length plus two black tail rings; a pale nuchal ring 2–3 scales in length that does not extend onto the parietals; pale body rings 1.5 scales in length; 15 red body rings, and a total of 106 red scales along the middorsal line of the body. Although Herpetology Notes, volume 12: 681-683 (2019) (published online on 30 June 2019)
Supercritical-flow Deposits and Their Distribution in a Submarine Channel System, Middle Eocene, Ainsa Basin, Spanish Pyrenees

Studies of supercritical-flow deposits (SFDs) and their spatial distribution in ancient deep-water systems should provide an additional tool to improve the understanding of the flow dynamics during deposition and the architecture of sandbodies. Outcrop recognition of SFDs in ancient deep-marine environments remains poorly documented, although their study dates back to the 1970s. This paper focusses on the criteria for recognizing SFDs and their distribution in three selected depositional environments from an ancient mid-lower slope to a proximal-basin floor setting in the middle Eocene Ainsa Basin, Spanish Pyrenees. From field observations, six facies associations interpreted as related to supercritical flow are defined. These facies associations are grouped in two categories. The first group includes facies associations related to erosional coarse-grained supercritical-flow bedforms related to meter and centimeter-scale scours and backfilling structures interpreted as large-scale cyclic steps or small-scale cyclic steps, respectively. Erosional coarse-grained supercritical bedforms are observed mainly in relatively high-gradient slopes and relatively confined settings. The second group of facies associations are related to depositional fine-grained supercritical-flow bedforms associated with upflow-dipping sandstone lenses, upflow-stacked wavy bedforms, upflow-stacked sigmoidal bedforms, and plane beds, interpreted as unstable and stable antidunes and upper-flow-regime plane beds. Depositional fine-grained supercritical-flow bedforms are observed mainly in relatively unconfined settings such as lower-slope, break-of-slope and proximal basin-floor environments. Two main SFD trends were observed in the Ainsa Basin in: (i) an axial-lateral direction, showing a decrease in SFDs from channel axis to channel margin, and (ii) a longitudinal proximal–distal direction, showing an increase in SFDs from the Gerbe System (mid-slope environment), to the Banastón System (proximal basin-floor environment), to the Ainsa System (lower-slope environment). From this study, two parameters are recognized as likely playing an important role on whether a flow is under supercritical or subcritical conditions: (i) confinement of the sandbodies, and (ii) slope gradient.
Estimation of Carbon Sequestration; Using Allometric Equations; in Azrou Cedar Forests (Cedrus atlantica Manetti) in the Central Middle Atlas of Morocco under Climate Change

The topic of carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems has recently taken a lot of attention due to concerns about global climate change. As a spontaneous species of the Central Middle Atlas, the Atlas Cedar was the subject of our study. Thus, a total of 30 sample trees were subjected to the weight measurements for the estimation of biomass and organic carbon stock in a logging lot in the Azrou forest. The amount of sequestered carbon was then extrapolated in all stand forests studied from the developed carbomass models. The results obtained show that the largest allocation of carbon stock (93%) is in the stem, followed by branches (5%) and foliage (2%). The average carbon storage in this cedar forest is 99.42 tC/ha (aboveground and belowground), or 364.58 t/ha of CO2, a value significantly higher than that found in other Moroccan forest ecosystems.
Synergy of ICESat-2 and Landsat for Mapping Forest Aboveground Biomass with Deep Learning

Spatially continuous estimates of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) are essential to supporting the sustainable management of forest ecosystems and providing invaluable information for quantifying and monitoring terrestrial carbon stocks. The launch of the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) on September 15th, 2018 offers an unparalleled opportunity to assess AGB at large scales using along-track samples that will be provided during its three-year mission. The main goal of this study was to investigate deep learning (DL) neural networks for mapping AGB with ICESat-2, using simulated photon-counting lidar (PCL)-estimated AGB for daytime, nighttime, and no noise scenarios, Landsat imagery, canopy cover, and land cover maps. The study was carried out in Sam Houston National Forest located in south-east Texas, using a simulated PCL-estimated AGB along two years of planned ICESat-2 profiles. The primary tasks were to investigate and determine neural network architecture, examine the hyper-parameter settings, and subsequently generate wall-to-wall AGB maps. A first set of models were developed using vegetation indices calculated from single-date Landsat imagery, canopy cover, and land cover, and a second set of models were generated using metrics from one year of Landsat imagery with canopy cover and land cover maps. To compare the effectiveness of final models, comparisons with Random Forests (RF) models were made. The deep neural network (DNN) models achieved R2 values of 0.42, 0.49, and 0.50 for the daytime, nighttime, and no noise scenarios respectively. With the extended dataset containing metrics calculated from Landsat images acquired on different dates, substantial improvements in model performance for all data scenarios were noted. The R2 values increased to 0.64, 0.66, and 0.67 for the daytime, nighttime, and no noise scenarios. Comparisons with Random forest (RF) prediction models highlighted similar results, with the same R2 and root mean square error (RMSE) range (15–16 Mg/ha) for daytime and nighttime scenarios. Findings suggest that there is potential for mapping AGB using a combinatory approach with ICESat-2 and Landsat-derived products with DL.