Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smart Watering System using IoT

As India’s population is increasing day by day after 25-30 years there will be significant issue of food, therefore the development of agriculture is important . Today the farmers area unit has shortage of rains and inadequency of water. In the present era the greatest problem faced by world is water scarcity and agriculture being a demanding occupation consumes plenty of water , therefore a system is required to use the water efficiently. The main objective of this work is to develop a smart and automated watering system for plants. Automated systems have less manual operations, relaibily, flexibility and are accurate. The field of internet of things had a significant transformation to extend things from the data generated from devices to objects in the physical space.
The Diverse Environments Multi-channel Acoustic Noise Database (DEMAND): A database of multichannel environmental noise recordings

Multi-microphone arrays allow for the use of spatial filtering techniques that can greatly improve noise reduction and source separation. However, for speech and audio data, work on noise reduction or separation has focused primarily on one- or two-channel systems. Because of this, databases of multichannel environmental noise are not widely available. DEMAND (Diverse Environments Multi-channel Acoustic Noise Database) addresses this problem by providing a set of 16-channel noise files recorded in a variety of indoor and outdoor settings. The data was recorded using a planar microphone array consisting of four staggered rows, with the smallest distance between microphones being 5 cm and the largest being 21.8 cm. DEMAND is freely available under a Creative Commons license to encourage research into algorithms beyond the stereo setup.
Design Spaces in Visual Analytics Based on Goals: Analytical Behaviour, Exploratory Investigation, Information Design & Perceptual Tasks

This paper considers a number of perspectives on design spaces in visual analytics and proposes a new set of four design spaces, based on user goals. Three of the user goals are derived from the literature and are categorised under the terms exploratory investigation, perceptual tasks, and information design. The fourth goal is categorised as analytical behaviour; a recently defined term referring to the study of decision-making facilitated by visual analytics. This paper contributes to the literature on decision-making in visual analytics with a survey of real-world applications within the analytical behaviour design space and by providing a new perspective on design spaces. Central to our analysis is the introduction of decision concepts and theories from economics into a visual analytics context. Given the recent interest in decision-making we wanted to understand the emerging topic of analytical behaviour as a design space and found it necessary to look at more than just decision-making to make a valuable contribution. The result is an initial framework suitable for use in the analysis or design of analytical behaviour applications.
A Review on Web Page Classification

With the increase in digital documents on the World Wide Web and an increase in the number of webpages and blogs which are common sources for providing users with news about current events, aggregating and categorizing information from these sources seems to be a daunting task as the volume of digital documents available online is growing exponentially. Although several benefits can accrue from the accurate classification of such documents into their respective categories such as providing tools that help people to find, filter and analyze digital information on the web amongst others. Accurate classification of these documents into their respective categories is dependent on the quality of training dataset which is dependent on the preprocessing techniques. Existing literature in this area of web page classification identified that better document representation techniques would reduce the training and testing time, improve the classification accuracy, precision and recall of classifier. In this paper, we give an overview of web page classification with an in-depth study of the web classification process, while at the same time making awareness of the need for an adequate document representation technique as this helps capture the semantics of document and- also contribute to reduce the problem of high dimensionality.
Image Retrieval Based on WBCH and Clustering Algorithm

Research on content-based image retrieval has gained tremendous momentum during the last decade. Color, texture and shape information have been the primitive image descriptors in content based image retrieval systems. In order to get faster retrieval result from large-scale image database ,we proposed image retrieval system in which image database is first pre-processed by Wavelet Based Color Histogram (WBCH) and K-means algorithm and then using Hierarchical clustering algorithm we index the previous result and then by using similarity measures we retrieve the images from pre-processed database. Experiments show that this proposed method offers substantial increase in retrieval speed but needs to be improved on retrieval results.
Proximity to wind‐power plants reduces the breeding success of the white‐tailed eagle

As a clean and renewable energy source, wind power is expected to play a major role in climate change mitigation. Despite its benefits, the construction of large‐scale wind farms in many parts of the world is a cause of concern for wildlife, including the often vulnerable raptor populations. Here, we examined the influence of distance to wind‐power plants on the white‐tailed eagle Haliaeetus albicilla in terms of (1) breeding success; (2) post‐fledging survival; and (3) territory occupancy and turbine avoidance (via nest site changes). Our results show that the probability of a pair breeding successfully is lower when the territory is located closer to turbines, potentially because of collision mortality (to which adults are particularly vulnerable). A capture‐mark‐recapture analysis showed no evidence for the effect of distance on post‐fledging survival, suggesting that collision risk may not have been greater for juveniles that fledged closer to a power plant. The levels of disturbance experienced by birds in the study areas were not great enough to prevent breeding at closer distances to the turbines. Our findings on breeding success underline the importance of building appropriately sited wind farms as a way to reduce or avoid undesirable effects on avian populations.
Morphological distinction between adult Contracaecum radiaturn and Contracaecum osculatum (Nematoda, Anisakidae) from the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli)

Morphological characters of the anisakid ncmatodcs Contracaecum radialurn and C. osculutum from the Weddcll Sea are reviewed. Both species occur in stomachs of scals in high southern latitudes. Thc investigation aims at providing some rcliable criteria for quantitative routine light microscopy. Characters allowing a safe identification of the two spccics arc: spiculcs and tail structures in males; lips, intcrlabia and collar in both sexes. Oesophageal shape and intcrlabial striation cannot be recommended for idcntification purposes.
Micro-Plate Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay for Determination of Zeranol in Bovine Milk and Urine

Zeranol (α-Zearalanol, α-ZAL), well-known as an anabolic promoter, was officially banned in Europe due to its potential carcinogenic and endocrine-disrupting biological activities. In this study, a method for the determination of zeranol residues in bovine milk and urine was developed based on micro-plate chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). The limit of detection (LOD) was 50 ng/L, and the linear range was between 100 ng/L and 4510 ng/L, with a correlation coefficient (R2)0.9982. The recoveries of zeranol in bovine milk and urine were between 84.7% and 123.6%. This study showed that CLEIA was a reliable, convenient, and sensitive method for screening zeranol residues in bovine milk and urine.
Coral communities of the Namsu Islands (Gulf of Siam, South China Sea)

Fringing reefs of the Namsu Archipelago (Gulf of Siam) were studied using quadrat and transect techniques. Five zones were distinguished which may be compared with or related to boat channel, inner and outer reef flat, reef slope and sloping platform. The degree of affinity of communities in different zones was analyzed. On the basis of variations in quantitative distribution of the corals, 3 groups of scleractinian corals were separated in terms of ecological requirements: species widespread from intertidal zone down to a reef slope; species of the lower part of a reef slope; and species inhabiting the sloping platform. In the reef studied, 133 species of Scleractinia (36 genera) and Hydrocorallia (1 genus) were found. INTRODUCTION AND REEF MORPHOLOGY The Namsu Archipelago (9'40' N, 104"211 E) includes 21 islands and rocks forming 2 groups separated by a ca l-mile-wide pass (Fig. 1). The islands consist of acid and basic effusive, effusive-sedimentary and sedimentary deposits of the Middle Paleozoic. Tufas and tuff conglomerates predominate. Recent deposits on beaches and isthmuses are of block-and-boulder, boulder-and-pebble and sand substrata, sometimes with a considerable admixture of shell and coral debris. Underwater slopes of the islands are fringed with block-pebble deposits replaced with increasing depth by shingle, gravel and finally coarse sand intermingled with abundant organic detritus. At a depth of 6 to 10 m (50 to 100 m from the shore line), the slightly inclined sloping platform is covered by silty sand and fine-grained silt deposits with a considerable admixture of organic detritus. The reefs and corals here have not previously been studied. Five different zones with scleractinian communities and considerable growth of the hydroids Millepora platyphylla and zoanthids Zoanthus sp. have been distinguished in the reef structure (Fig. 2 to 5). From a morphological standpoint, the first zone ('algal-coral') starts from the intertidal zone. It includes separate scleractinian colonies, mostly of massive encrusting form. Millepora and Zoanthus form crustose colonies; sparse growths of Turbinaria and the alga Laurencia inhabit rocky substrata and blocks. This zone is l 1 to 20 m wide and up to 2 m deep. The second morphological zone ('polyspecific settlement') is formed mostly by assemblages of polyspecific Fig. 1. (A) Location of Namsu Islands in the Gulf of Siam (B) Location of the reefs and transects (1 to 8) O Inter-Research/Printed in F. R. Germany 017 1 -8630/86/0029/0261/$ 05.00
The experience of thinking : how the fluency of mental processes influences cognition and behaviour

Greifeneder & Unkelbach Experiencing Thinking Part 1: Foundations of Fluency Research Unkelbach & Greifeneder A general model of fluency effects in judgment and decision making Topolinski The sources of fluency: Identifying the underlying mechanisms of fluency effects Garcia-Marques, Mackie, Claypool, & Garcia-Marques Once more with feeling! Familiarity and positivity as integral consequences of previous exposure Hansen & Wanke Fluency in Context: Discrepancy Makes Processing Experiences Informative Part 2: Classic Fluency Effects in New Perspective Wanke Almost everything you always wanted to know about ease-of-retrieval effects Brinol, Tormala, & Petty Ease and Persuasion: Multiple Processes, Meanings, and Effects Hafner Assimilation or contrast? How fluency channels comparison processing Halberstadt & Winkielman When good blends go bad: How fluency can explain when we like and dislike ambiguity Part 3: The Usefulness of Fluency Oppenheimer & Alter The Fluency Sleeper Effect: Disfluency Today Promotes Fluency Tomorrow Reber Critical Feeling: The Strategic Use of Processing Fluency Herzog & Hertwig The Ecological Validity of Fluency Greifeneder, Bless, & Scholl About swift defaults and sophisticated safety nets: A process perspective on fluency's validity in judgment Part 4: Final Assessment Fiedler Fluency and Behavior Regulation: Adaptive and Maladaptive Consequences of a Good Feeling Unkelbach & Greifeneder Thinking about "experiences of thinking": What have learned and where do we go from here
Revision of Nearctic Stylogaster (Diptera: Conopidae)

Abstract Nearctic Stylogaster Macquart (Diptera: Conopidae) species concepts are revised. We provide redescriptions of S. biannulata (Say) and S. neglecta Williston, description of S. beresfordinew species, an illustrated key to species, range maps, and ecological data. Stylogaster beresfordi ranges from southern Mexico to southern New Mexico, United States of America. DNA barcode data are provided with neighbour-joining and Bayesian analyses and relationships of the three species are discussed. We hypothesise that S. neglecta and S. beresfordi are sister taxa, while S. biannulata is in a different clade.
Sequential detection of temporal communities in evolving networks by estrangement confinement

Temporal communities result from a consistent partitioning of nodes across multiple snapshots of an evolving complex network that can help uncover how dense clusters in a network emerge, combine, split and decay with time. Current methods for finding communities in a single snapshot are not straightforwardly generalizable to finding temporal communities since the quality functions used for finding static communities have highly degenerate landscapes, and the eventual partition chosen among the many partitions of similar quality is highly sensitive to small changes in the network. To reliably detect temporal communities we need not only to find a good community partition in a given snapshot but also ensure that it bears some similarity to the partition(s) found in immediately preceding snapshots. We present a new measure of partition distance called estrangement motivated by the inertia of inter-node relationships which, when incorporated into the measurement of partition quality, facilitates the detection of meaningful temporal communities. Specifically, we propose the estrangement confinement method, which postulates that neighboring nodes in a community prefer to continue to share community affiliation as the network evolves. Constraining estrangement enables us to find meaningful temporal communities at various degrees of temporal smoothness in diverse real-world datasets. Specifically, we study the evolution of voting behavior of senators in the United States Congress, the evolution of proximity in human mobility datasets, and the detection of evolving communities in synthetic networks that are otherwise hard to find. Estrangement confinement thus provides a principled approach to uncovering temporal communities in evolving networks. 1 ar X iv :1 20 3. 51 26 v1 [ cs . S I] 2 2 M ar 2 01 2
Produção e caracterização de anticorpos policlonais contra Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola

O objetivo deste trabalho foi a producao de anticorpos policlonais contra Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola e sua caracterizacao pelo metodo Elisa indireto. Os resultados apontaram a qualidade dos anticorpos policlonais produzidos, os quais mostraram-se altamente reativos e especificos para o patovar com potencial para ser empregado no diagnostico da doenca e em programas de certificacao.
Outage probability analysis and adaptive combiner for multiuser multipolarized antenna systems

In this paper, we characterize the performance metrics of a multiuser multipolarized antenna system in a Rayleigh fading channel. We start by formulating a downlink system model that features a multiuser scenario in the presence of additive noise and a multipolarized antenna system; this is followed by evaluation of the outage probability in closed form. This is done by deriving the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the signal-to-interference-plusnoise ratio using the approach of the ratio of indefinite quadratic forms. We thereby characterize the gradient of this CDF with respect to the combining vectors. Eventually, we obtain the optimum combining vectors by minimizing the outage probability via interior-point optimization technique. Simulation and theoretical results of our analysis are closely matched, which validates our analysis. Our findings suggest that the performance of the triple polarized antenna is better than that of the dual polarized antenna system for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values in terms of outage probability; this situation, however, reverses for high SNR value.
Effects of space-relevant radiation on pre-osteoblasts

Until now limited research has been conducted to address the mechanisms leading ionizing radiation exposure induced bone loss. This is relevant for cancer radiotherapy and human spaceflight. Exposure to radiation can result in elevated bone fracture risk in patients receiving cancer radiotherapy. In human spaceflight, astronauts are exposed to space radiation which is a very complex mixture consisting primarily of high-energy charged particles. Osteoblasts are of mesenchymal origin and responsible for creating and maintaining skeletal architecture; these cells produce extracellular matrix proteins and regulators of matrix mineralization during initial bone formation and later bone remodeling. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation on pre-osteoblasts including cellular survival, cell cycle regulation and differentiation modification. Experiments with the pre-osteoblast cell line OCT-1 and the mesenchymal stem cell line C3H10T1/2 showed that radiation cell killing depends on dose and linear energy transfer (LET) and is most effective at an LET of ~150 keV/μm. High-LET radiation has a much more pronounced ability to induce cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. After both X-rays and heavy ions exposure, expression of the cell cycle regulator CDKN1A was significantly up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner. The findings suggest that cell cycle regulation is more sensitive to high-LET radiation than cell survival, which is not solely regulated through elevated CDKN1A expression. Radiation exposure enhances osteoblastic differentiation and maturation, and mediates Runx2 and TGF-β1 expression during early differentiation of pre-osteoblasts. Osteogenic differentiation did not alter cellular radiosensitivity, DNA repair of radiation-induced damages and the effects of radiation on proliferation. Further experiments are needed to elucidate possible synergistic effects of microgravity and radiation on osteoblast differentiation. This may provide the necessary foundation for the development for space travel countermeasures.
The toxicity of malathion to unionid mussels: Relationship to expected environmental concentrations

The acute toxicity of malathion to glochidia, juvenile, and adult freshwater mussels was determined at pH 7.5 in soft water and at pH 7.9 in moderately hard reconstituted fresh water at 25°C and 32°C. Nine species were tested in one or more life stages. Glochidia tests were conducted for 4, 24, or 48 h, while juvenile and adult exposures lasted 96 h. Overall, Utterbackia imbecillis was the least sensitive species for all exposure conditions and life stages. The LC50 values for glochidia tested at 25°C ranged from 7 mg/L for Lampsilis siliquoidea (4 h) to 324 mg/L for U. imbecillis (48 h). At 32°C, glochidia LC50s were 119 mg/L for Villosa lienosa (48 h) and 374 mg/L for U. imbecillis (24 h). Tests with juvenile mussels produced 96‐h LC50s ranging from 24 mg/L for Lampsilis straminea claibornensis at 25°C to 219 mg/L for U. imbecillis at 25°C. The 96‐h LC50s for three species of adult mussels were greater than the highest malathion exposure concentration of 350 mg/L. These values are considerably higher than the reported 48‐h LC50 of 1 μg/L for Daphnia magna and the 96‐h LC50 of 0.76 μg/L for Gamarus fasciatus but are similar to 96‐h LC50s for some fish. Expected environmental concentrations should not be lethal to unionids.
Intestinal Bacterium TM-30: an S-equol-producing Bacterium Isolated from Human Feces is Involved in Estrogen Metabolism in vitro

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: motoita@affrc.go. jp Introduction The health benefits of soy-based foods are largely attributed to isoflavones. Daidzin, genistin, daizein (the aglycone of daidzin), and genistein (the aglycone of genistin) are the most common isoflavones found in soy products. Human gastrointestinal bacteria play important roles in isoflavone metabolism (Bowey et al., 2003; Chang et al., 1995). S-equol is a metabolite of daidzein that is produced by the intestinal microbiota (Bowey et al., 2003). S-equol has higher affinity than daidzein when competing with H-estradiol for binding to the estrogen receptor (ER) (Sathyamoorthy et al., 1997). A case-control study involving residents in Japan and Korea demonstrated that the ability to produce S-equol is closely related to a lower prevalence of prostate cancer (Akaza et al., 2004). A long-term, randomized controlled trial that characterized postmenopausal women by their equol-producing status showed lumbar spine BMD (bone mineral density) was better after 2 years in equol producers compared with non-equol producers (LydekingOlsen et al., 2004). Natural S-equol might play a role in glycemic control and in the prevention of cardiovascular disease by its abilities to lower LDL-C levels and CAVI scores in overweight or obese individuals (Usui et al., 2013). Thus, S-equol is an important bacterial metabolite in the gut. S-equol production by the microbiota seems to contribute to host health. However, interindividual variations in S-equol production have been identified. Only 30% to 50% of humans are equol producers (Cassidy et al., 2006; Song et al., 2006). The isoflavones in modest amounts of ingested soy protein are biotransformed by intestinal microflora, are absorbed, and undergo enterohepatic recycling (Setchell, 1998). It has been reported that estrogens are conjugated with glucuronic and/or sulfuric acid in the liver prior to excretion in urine or bile. Deconjugation of estrogen conjugates in the gut increases the enterohepatic circulation of the steroids and has important implications for their bioavailability and hormonal activity (Rowland et al., 1999). More than 99% of biliary estrogens are conjugated. Having entered the gut, about 80% are reabsorbed mainly as free steroids after extensive hydrolysis by enzymes of mainly bacterial origin (Hämäläinen et al., 1987). It has been demonstrated that S-equol excretion, but not total isoflavone excretion, correlates positively with the 2-OH E(1):16alpha-OH E(1) ratio, suggesting that the colonic bacterial profile associated with S-equol production may be related with estrogen metabolism, and may therefore influence breast cancer risk. Estimation of Original paper
How climate change will exacerbate global water scarcity

(1) Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany (jacob.schewe@pik-potsdam.de), (2) Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, Oslo, Norway, (3) Walker Institute for Climate System Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK, (4) Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, (5) Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK, (6) Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany, (7) Civil Engineering Department, The City College of New York, New York, USA, (8) Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, (9) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, (10) Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan, (11) Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (LOEWE BiK-F) & Senckenberg Research Institute and Nature Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, (12) Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, (13) Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, (14) Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany, (15) Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, (16) Center for Development Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany