Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Valorisation économique et environnementale des complémentarités culture-élevage à travers la production locale de légumineuses : approche par modélisation de l’Ouest de la France

Cette these de doctorat porte sur les complementarites culture-elevage permises par les legumineuses, dans la region de l'Ouest de la France. Une evaluation economique et environnementale de ces complementarites est realisee depuis l’echelle de l’exploitation agricole jusqu’a celle de la region.Le principal apport de cette these est l’elaboration d’un modele bioeconomique SYNERGY qui modelise les echanges locaux de cultures (dont les legumineuses) et d’effluents entre des exploitations de grandes cultures et des exploitations d'elevage. Ce modele prend en compte l’effet precedent des legumineuses et comprend des rations alternatives avec ces cultures riches en proteines. Les principaux resultats de simulation montrent que les aides couplees aux legumineuses accroissent leurproduction mais n’engendrent pas une meilleure valorisation des complementarites techniques. Un moyen d’accroitre l'utilisation de legumineuses en alimentation animale est de labelliser les produits animaux sans OGM. Cependant, les echanges locaux simules restant faibles, les legumineuses sont en grande partie importees de l’exterieur de la region. Ainsi, les resultats economiques et environnementaux ne sont pas ameliores a l’echelle regionale et l'autonomie en proteines diminue. Enfin, a l’echelle des filieres, nous montrons que les echanges de legumineuses engendrent des couts de transaction eleves, peu reduits par les contrats existants. Le developpement de marches valorisant les ressources locales pourrait encourager la culture de legumineuses.
Market Orientation And Product Innovation To Increase Competitive Advantages And Its Impact On Marketing Performance

This study aims to find out the effect of market orientation and product innovation on competitive advantage in relation to marketing performance on food SMEs (Small Medium Enterprises) in Darma Sub-District, Kuningan District, West Java. By applying a total sampling method, 42 food SMEs in Darma Sub-District were selected as samples in this study. Meanwhile, the research method used in this study was descriptive-verificative method. Basically, there were thee variables in this study, namely; 1) dependent variable (Z) – in this case, performance marketing; 2) intervening variable (Y) – in this case, competitive advantage; and 3) independent variable (X) – which includes market orientation (X1) and product innovation (X2). The collected data were then analyzed by applying path analysis and IBM SPSS 21.0. The result showed that; 1) market orientation has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage with value (0,029 < 0,05); 2) product innovation has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage with value (0,000 < 0,05); 3) market orientation has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance with value (0,045 < 0,05); 4) product innovation has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance with value (0,033 < 0,05); and 5) competitive advantage has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance with value (0.000 < 0,05).
Some Bayesian generalizations of the integer-valued autoregressive model

CARVALHO, H. G. Some Bayesian generalizations of the integer-valued autoregressive model. 2020. 65 p. Tese (Doutorado) Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2020. In this thesis, we develop Bayesian generalized models for analyzing time series of counts. In our first proposal, we use a finite mixture to define the marginal distribution of the innovation process, in order to potentially account for overdispersion in the time series. Our second contribution uses a Dirichlet process at the distribution of the time-varying innovation rates, which are softly clustered through time. Finally, we examine issues of prior sensitivity in a semi-parametric extended model in which the distribution of the innovation rates follows a Pitman-Yor process. A graphical criterion to choose the Pitman-Yor base measure hyperparameters is proposed, showing explicitly that the Pitman-Yor discount parameter and the concentration parameter can interact with the chosen base measure to yield robust inferential results. The posterior distribution of the models parameters is obtained through data-augmentation schemes which allows us to obtain tractable full conditional distributions. The prediction performance of the proposed models are put to test in the analysis of two real data sets, with favorable results.
Identification and prioritization of macrolideresistance genes with hypothetical annotation inStreptococcus pneumoniae

Macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae infections have limited treatment options. While some resistance mechanisms are well established, ample understanding is limited by incomplete genome annotation (hypothetical genes). Some hypothetical genes encode a domain of unknown function (DUF), a conserved protein domain with uncharacterized function. Here, we identify and confirm macrolide resistance genes. We further explore DUFs from macrolide resistance hypothetical genes to prioritize them for experimental characterization. We found gene similarities between two macrolide resistance gene signatures from untreated and either erythromycin- or spiramycin-treated resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. We confirmed the association of these gene sets with macrolide resistance through comparison to gene signatures from (i) second erythromycin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strain, and (ii) erythromycin-treated sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae strain, both from non-overlapping datasets. Examination into which cellular processes these macrolide resistance genes belong found connections to known resistance mechanisms such as increased amino acid biosynthesis and efflux genes, and decreased ribonucleotide biosynthesis genes, highlighting the predictive ability of the method used. 22 genes had hypothetical annotation with 10 DUFs associated with macrolide resistance. DUF characterization could uncover novel co-therapies that restore macrolide efficacy across multiple macrolide resistant species. Application of the methods to other antibiotic resistances could revolutionize treatment of resistant infections
A comparative study of regression concerning weighted least squares methods

The weighted least squares method using 1/x 2 as a weighting factor is described and compared with conventional ordinary and weighted least squares and robust regression. Applications of these different methods to the relevant data sets demonstrates that the performance of the procedure discussed in this paper exceeds that of ordinary least squares method and equals, and often exceeds, that of weighted or robust methods.
External mechanical work in the galloping racehorse

Horse locomotion is remarkably economical. Here, we measure external mechanical work of the galloping horse and relate it to published measurements of metabolic cost. Seven Thoroughbred horses were galloped (ridden) over force plates, under a racing surface. Twenty-six full strides of force data were recorded and used to calculate the external mechanical work of galloping. The mean sum of decrements of mechanical energy was −876 J (±280 J) per stride and increments were 2163 J (±538 J) per stride as horses were accelerating. Combination with published values for internal work and metabolic costs for galloping yields an apparent muscular efficiency of 37–46% for galloping, which would be reduced by energy storage in leg tendons. Knowledge about external work of galloping provides further insight into the mechanics of galloping from both an evolutionary and performance standpoint.
Patterns in urban butterflies and spontaneous plants across a University campus in Japan

Abstract. University campuses often contain contiguous areas of urban green space (UGS) which are otherwise scarce in large cities and, thus, may provide critical habitat for numerous species. In this study, we evaluate butterfly and plant diversity at Chiba University in Japan from five UGS types, including intensive green roofs, meadows, roadsides, open spaces, and community gardens. Surveying non-destructively every two weeks from June to November 2010, we identified 707 individual butterflies to 25 species from five families, including red-listed species (e.g. Parantica sita Kollar, 1844). However, one species, Pseudozizeeria maha Kollar, 1848, represented over 50% of all individuals surveyed. Butterflies in the family Papilionidae showed strong preference for roadside habitat, indicating the importance of ‘butterfly flyways’ and contiguous habitat corridors on University campuses. Butterfly richness and abundance was significantly different between UGS types and highest in the community garden and roadsides. We recorded 70 garden plant species and 117 spontaneous plant species (which grew opportunistically, without design input), of which 58% were native. Total plant richness was positively correlated with butterfly species richness, and non-native spontaneous plant species richness was positively correlated with butterfly richness, abundance, diversity, and evenness. Additionally, 76% of the spontaneous species identified were determined to be used by butterflies as larval hosts or for adult feeding. Identification of spontaneous plant species and use of selective weeding should be included in landscape management planning on campuses to promote butterflies, which can act as ambassadors for biodiversity conservation and help connect people to nature.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Indomegoura indica (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Indomegoura indica(Hemiptera: Aphididae) was determined. The circular genome was 15220 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and two non-coding regions (control regions). All PCGs were initiated with standard ATN codons and terminated with TAA except for cox1 and nad4. All tRNAs were predicted to contain typical cloverleaf secondary structures except trnS1. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated that Indomegoura indica was more closely related to Sitobion avenae than to other species.
Exploring the genetic architecture and the chromatin organisation of breast cancer

With breast cancer being a highly prevalent complex disease that affects many women worldwide, research over the years has focused on establishing underlying breast cancer risk factors. Understanding how, and why the disease develops will potentially reduce the number of women developing breast cancer, or increase the number of women being diagnosed at an earlier stage of development. The disease has been shown to be a highly polygenic trait, so in order to learn more about the disease, this thesis focuses on the polygenic basis of breast cancer. Two breast cancer GWAS, the UK2 and BBCS, and the COGS were used to conduct the analyses presented in this thesis. Using current chip heritability estimation methods, it was estimated that just under half of the genetic variation explained on the liability scale could be explained by genotyped SNPs. Common SNPs (MAF > 0.1) were shown to explain a substantial proportion of this variation, and the variance explained by each chromosome was shown to be linearly related to chromosome length, which indicated that variation is spread evenly across the genome. With BMI and age at menarche shown to be breast cancer risk factors, it was examined whether a shared polygenic basis exists between breast cancer and BMI, and whether there was evidence to suggest that breast cancer polygenic scores interact with either BMI, age at menarche or individual SNPs, to have an effect on breast cancer risk. With many susceptibility loci mapping to non-protein-coding regions of the genome, it was also tested whether individual genome-wide significant loci interact with other regions of the genome to influence breast cancer risk. These results give further insight into the polygenic architecture of breast cancer, and provide further evidence that a large number of genetic variants explain much of the genetic variation in breast cancer.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza and dark septate endophyte fungal associations of Oryza sativa L. under field condition: colonization features and their occurrence

The present study was aimed to study monthly colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal associations in rice. The presence of mycorrhizal structures in the roots confirms the colonization by AM fungi. The pattern of hyphae and arbuscules denotes Arum type of AM fungal morphology. The presence of dark coloured septate hyphae running frequently on the epidermal layer and in root cortex and the occurrence of microsclerotia marks the colonization by DSE fungi. The co-occurrence of both AM and DSE fungi ensure dual colonization by two distinct fungal groups. There was significant increase in arbuscules, vesicles and hyphal percentages from first to third month in both the samples collected from two sites. In the third month, AM colonization significantly higher in both the sites. DSE colonization percentages do not differ significantly in first to third month. A total of nine AM fungal species were recovered from two sites. This study is an effort to make aware the local farmers about the usefulness of these native AM mycobiota which can be a preferable choice over chemical fertilizers leading to ecofriendly organic farming.
Evolution of IT, Management and Industrial Engineering research: a topic model approach

Information Technology (IT), Management and Industrial Engineering are correlated academic disciplines which their publications rose significantly over the last decades. The aim of this study is analyzing the research evolution, determining the important topics and areas and depiction the trend of interdisciplinary topics in these domains. To accomplish this, the text mining techniques are used and the combination of bibliographic analysis and topic modeling approach are applied on their publications in the WOS repository over the last 20 years. In the topic extraction process, a heuristic function was suggested to key extraction, and some new applicable criteria were defined to compare the topics. Moreover, a novel approach was proposed to determine the high-level category for each topic. The results determined the hot-important topics and incremented, decremented and fixed topics are identified. Subsequently, comparing the high-level research areas confirmed the strong scientific relationships between them. This study presents a deep knowledge about internal research evolution of domains and illustrates the effect of topics on each other over the past 20 years. Furthermore, the methodology of this study could be applied to determine the interdisciplinary topics and observe the research evolution of other academic domains.
Basicit de liaison hydrogne de formamidines substitues sur l'azote imino

The basicity of the hydrogen bonds of formamidines 1–19 was measured by means of the formation constant KHB of their complexes with p-fluorophenol and the frequency shift Δν(OH) of methanol hydrogen-bonded to 1–19. The study of the ν(C=N) band shows that hydrogen bonding takes place with the imino nitrogen atom. On the hydrogen-bonding basicity scale, the formamidines appear to be more basic than the corresponding amides and pyridines, and as basic as the imidazoles. The field effect of electron-withdrawing substituents and the steric effect of bulky alkyl groups on the imino nitrogen atom markedly decrease the hydrogen-bonding basicity.
Phytoplankton Population Changes in Lake Urmia During Dry and Wet Periods

Hypersaline environments are important natural assets that have significant economic, ecological, scientific and natural value. Management and protection of these variable ecosystems depend on understanding the influence of salinity on biological productivity and community structure. The object of the present study is to investigate the relationships between two basic components in Urmia Lake i.e. microalgae and physico-chemical parameters, particularly salinity level in order to provide a better understanding dynamics of this unique ecosystem. 3 sampling sites were selected in north and south of Urmia Lake. Samplings (2 samples in each site) were carried out monthly from April 2018 to October 2019. Water level, salinity, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Disolved Solids (TDS), pH, transparency, Phosphate and Nitrate (PO4 -3 and NO3 -) were analyzed. phytoplankton species composition and density were also determined. Statiscal analysis were performed by PAleontological STatistics (PAST) version 3.04. Totally, seven algal species were identified in Urmia Lake in this study. Bacillariophyta with 5 species was the most abundant algal group in the lake. Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria both had 1 species, however, Dunaliella salina as the only representative of green alga alone composed about 99.5 percent of total algal density of Urmia Lake. This study indicated that salinity, TDS and EC have the highest effects on phytoplankton population structure and Dunaliella spp. dominance in Urmia Lake. However, other factors such as PO4 -3 and NO3 might have been masked by three main factors.
Why tree lines are lower on islands—Climatic and biogeographic effects hold the answer

Aim To determine the global position of tree line isotherms, compare it with observed local tree limits on islands and mainlands, and disentangle the potential drivers of a difference between tree line and local tree limit. Location Global. Time period 1979–2013. Major taxa studied Trees. Methods We modelled the potential climatic tree line based on monthly temperatures and precipitation for the period 1979–2013. We then compared the potential tree line based on climate to observed tree limits at 26 oceanic islands, 55 continental islands and 382 mainland locations. The differences between potential tree line and observed tree limits was then analysed by regression with the islands’ maximum elevation, age, isolation, and area. Additionally, we estimated growing season temperature niches for 16,041 species known to occur in the vicinity of the studied tree lines, and compared them across mainlands, and islands of continental and oceanic origin. Results Observed local tree limits differ up to 2,066 m from the potential tree line at the mainland on oceanic islands. Climatic effects are responsible for a difference of up to 1,296 m between tree lines of mainland regions and oceanic islands (but only for 756 m for continental islands). On oceanic islands, a remaining difference of up to 829 m correlates with the isolation and the maximum elevation of an island. Floras of oceanic islands are however depauperate with respect to potential tree line species and species show an affinity to higher growing season temperatures. Main conclusions Climate can explain about half of the differences between observed local tree limits and potential tree lines between the mainland and continental and oceanic islands. The remaining difference can be attributed to the higher isolation of oceanic islands, especially in the tropics, and as a consequence, a more depauperate flora and a lack of tree species that are able to grow at the tree line.
An experimental design on the SPEM 2.0 process model element classification algorithm of the AVISPA tool through ANOVA variance analysis

Introduction: This publication is the product of research: “SPEM 2.0 Process Model Metrics in the Reliability of its Visual Analysis” throughout 2019, which supports the work of a master’s degree in Systems Engineering at the University of Cauca. Objective: Rebase a process model metrics set in order to increase AVISPA reliability to support the visual analysis of SPEM 2.0 software process models. Methodology: In order to improve AVISPA, a systematic literature review had been performed to find software process model metrics that are potentially apt to be represented in AVISPA. Next, a set of assessments were performed in order to enhance visual analysis tool. Finally, an ANOVA statistical assessment was realized in order to find a variance differential between AVISPA versions by comparing their F1-Score process model elements classification values. Results: AVISPA significantly improved its general classification algorithm. Most of errors were found in SPEM 2.0 variability resolution feature and collections with duplicated elements. Multiple misclassifications still persists. Conclusion: General AVISPA process model elements classification is improved. However, some process model samples remain scattered according to ANOVA results. Originality: AVISPA is a recent solution for SPEM 2.0 software process model assessment. It's recent emergence carried to a lack of articles about software process model metrics and few works about AVISPA improvements. These are the main contributions of this paper. Limitations: The project has been widely expensive in terms of execution time, traceability with all software process model elements, and mainly to find experts in software process that can meet the research requirements
Management and in situ conservation of plant genetic resources in indigenous land use systems of the Huasteca Potosina

10 Resumen . 12 INTRODUCTION . 15 Agrobiodiversity and Current Trends . 15 Conservation Strategies . 17 Traditional Land Use Systems and their Importance for In Situ Conservation in Mexico . 18 Justification . 20 Objectives . 22 General Objective . 22 Specific Objectives . 22 Thesis Structure . 22 References . 24 CHAPTER I . 31 Interand Intraspecific Edible Plant Diversity of the Tének Milpa Fields in Mexico . 31 Abstract . 3
ECONOMIC GLOBALISATION AND GOVERNMENT SIZE: TESTING THE COMPENSATION HYPOTHESIS IN SOUTH AFRICA’S PUBLIC SECTOR

Globalisation has become one of the most profound processes to influence both developed and developing regions. No more so has this been evident than in the South African economy. The country’s democratic transition attributed the adoption of a less protectionist and liberal economic orthodoxy aimed to facilitate social and economic development. While the introduction of trade agreements and an influx of FDI has contributed to enhanced infrastructure, the impact of globalisation on the role of the state has raised several questions. Some suggest that economic globalisation spurs on fiscal growth by increasing social expenditure (compensation hypothesis). Others theorise that mobile capital in a more competitive financial environment has limited the role of the state (efficiency hypothesis). In light of this debate and concerns of unstainable fiscal growth in South Africa, the study’s primary objective was to analyse the relationship between economic globalisation, social expenditure and tax revenue in the South African economy. Secondary annual time series data from 1995 to 2018 were used. Two ARDL models were employed to test the long-run relationships, while the ECM assisted in estimating the short-run dynamics. Results for both the short- and long-run together with the causality analysis provide evidence that refutes the notion that a more integrated South African economy induces external shocks. The findings rather support the efficiency view. In this regard, competitive financial markets coupled with a high tax burden and fiscal debt concerns have reduced the state’s revenue capacity, limiting the potential to further social development. In addressing these concerns, government needs to proliferate strategies that advance fiscal consolidation and policy certainty, and implement structural reforms that facilitate inclusive growth.