Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
REDAEP: Robust and Enhanced Denoising Autoencoding Prior for Sparse-View CT Reconstruction

In X-ray computed tomography, radiation doses are harmful but can be significantly reduced by intuitively decreasing the number of projections. However, less projection views usually lead to low-resolution images. To address this issue, we propose a robust and enhanced mechanism on the basis of denoising autoencoding prior, or robust EDAEP (REDAEP) for sparse-view computed tomography reconstruction. REDAEP can substantially improve the reconstruction quality with two novel contributions. First, by employing the variable augmentation technique, REDAEP learns higher-dimensional network with three-channel image and proceeds to the single-channel image reconstruction. Second, REDAEP replaces the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> regression loss function with a more robust <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L^{p} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0 < p < 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) regression to preserve more texture details. The empirical results demonstrate that REDAEP can achieve better performance than state-of-the-arts, in terms of quantitative measures and subjective visual quality.
ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SELECTED HERBAL AQUEOUS EXTRACT IN BROILER CHICKENS

In order to collect ethnobotanical information about growth and health promoter plants as feed additive in broiler chickens, five medicinal plants Euphorbia hirta, Solanum torvum, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa and Zingiber zerumbet used by traditional medical practitioners for the treatment of several ailments of microbial and non-microbial origins were investigated for phytochemical screening and acute toxicity study. A total of 30 female broiler chicks were obtained. At 21 days of age, the chicks were allocated at random into six groups. Five chickens were assigned at random to each treatment in five replicates and kept in 30 cages (one chickens per cage) till five weeks of age. Five groups were administered a single oral dose of 2,000 mg kg-1 b.wt. while 5 mL distilled water was given to the control group of birds as placebo. Phytochemical screening study showed that plant contained volatile oils, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids. Alkaloids and steroids were only found in the aqueous extract of Euphorbia hirta. Tissues were harvested and processed for photomicrographic examinations. Macro and microscopic observations indicated no alteration in liver and kidneys of the treated birds with 2000 mg kg-1 of selected herbal plants extract. In the hematological study, a highly significant decrease was observed in AST, ALT, ALP level of broiler group receiving the aqueous extract of E. hirta 14 after of administration. Acute toxicity study indicated that water suspensions of selected herbal aqueous extract are not toxic when administered by the oral route to experimental birds at 2000 mg kg-1 b.wt. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present study are in agreement to a certain degree with the traditional uses of the plants estimated as prophylaxis against various diseases and promote of health.
Contrasting Influences of Human Activities on Hydrological Drought Regimes Over China Based on High‐Resolution Simulations

How human activities have altered hydrological droughts (streamflow deficits) in China during the past five decades (1961–2016) is investigated using the latest version (v2.0) of PCR‐GLOBWB model at high spatial resolution (~10 km). Although both human activities and climate variability have significant effects on river flows over China, there are large regional north‐south contrasts. Over northern China, human activities generally intensify hydrological droughts. We find that human activities exacerbated drought deficit by about 70–200% from 2004 to 2015. In contrast, droughts over southern China are generally alleviated by human activities. For instance, irrigation and water management (such as reservoir operation and water abstraction) increase drought StDef (standardized drought deficit volume) by about 80% in the Yellow River (north) but reduce it by about 20% in the Yangtze River (south). Human activities slightly reduce drought deficit in the Yangtze River due to the combination of large reservoir storage and low ratio of agriculture consumption to abstracted irrigation water. In contrast, hydrological drought is aggravated in the semiarid Yellow River basin because of high water consumption from agricultural sectors. This study suggests that human activities have contrasting influences on hydrological drought characteristics in the northern (intensification) and southern (mitigation) parts of China. Therefore, it is critical to consider the variable roles of human activities on hydrological drought in China when developing mitigation and adaptation strategies.
Species-energy theory: an extension of species-area theory

La theorie selon laquelle l'apport energetique necessaire a une biocenose limite la capacite de cette biocenose a contenir. Les especes permet d'expliquer 70 a 80% de la variation du nombre d'especes dans des iles extremement diverses par leur surface et leur environnement. On examine, en particulier, certaines donnees sur le nombre d'especes d'Angiospermes et d'oiseaux terrestres ou d'eau douce sur des iles du monde entier
ROS Based Multimode Control of Wheeled Robot

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 15 January, 2020 Accepted: 25 March, 2020 Online: 20 April, 2020 This research work mainly presents the design and development of a small-scaled wheeled robot, which can be controlled using multiple controlling interfaces using some new technological trends. Raspberry Pi 3 as the main controller, Python as the programming language integrated with the Robot Operating System (ROS) and Virtual Network Computing (VNC) for screen sharing are utilized in order to control the robot. Laptop Keys, Graphical User Interface (GUI) on PC, Virtual Network Computing on smart phones, Joystick connected to Laptop using python integrated with Robot Operating System, Voice commanding through an android app integrated with python and ROS and Internet of Things using a customized webpage with Node MCU as the controller are the dominant control interfaces. A Local Area Network is established in order to communicate with the micro-controllers wirelessly. The robot can be controlled with multiple interfaces by using its corresponding commands. The robot is made to survive in five different paths, controlled by all the six methods and the time for each response obtained was appraised and illustrated properly.
Identification and expression profiling of Spodoptera litura OR18, a gene with a potential role in olfactory recognition

The full‐length cDNA of the gene SlituOR18, encoding a candidate olfactory receptor in the antennae of the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera Noctuidae), was identified through homology cloning strategies using RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) and PCR (polymerase chain reaction). The protein of SlituOR18 shared >80% sequence identity and the same seven transmembrane domains with other olfactory receptor 18 (OR18) proteins sequenced from noctuid moths. SlituOR18 also had a similar structure to SlituORco, encoding the olfactory co‐receptor in S. litura. The sequence between transmembrane segments IV and V was longer than other sequences between transmembrane segments, and the N‐terminus was intracytoplasmic. Analysis by qRT‐PCR showed SlituOR18 was predominantly expressed in adult moths and there was higher expression in female antennae than in male antennae. Weak expression of SlituOR18 was observed in eggs and no expression was observed in the antennae of fourth instars and 5‐day‐old pupae. In situ hybridization experiments revealed that expression of these receptor types was clearly restricted to the bases of trichodea‐type olfactory sensilla (sensillum trichodeum), that are known to contain neurons sensitive to food odor or pheromones. Our data demonstrated that both SlituORco and SlituOR18 showed diurnal changes in their relative expression level. Expression of SlituOR18 varied among geographic populations of S. litura that had been trapped in the field using synthetic pheromone lures. The mRNA expression level of SlituOR18 was similar among S. litura populations from Sichuan, Guangxi, and Hunan, and higher than in populations from Shanghai and Ningbo. We suggest that OR18 could play a critical role in olfaction in noctuid moths and is a potential target for novel pest management strategies in the future.
Using Machine Learning Algorithms for Automatic Cyber Bullying Detection in Arabic Social Media

Social media allows people interact to express their thoughts or feelings about different subjects. However, some of users may write offensive twits to other via social media which known as cyber bullying. Successful prevention depends on automatically detecting malicious messages. Automatic detection of bullying in the text of social media by analyzing the text "twits" via one of the machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we have reviewed algorithms for automatic cyberbullying detection in Arabic of machine learning, and after comparing the highest accuracy of these classifications we will propose the techniques Ridge Regression (RR) and Logistic Regression (LR), which achieved the highest accuracy between the various techniques applied in the automatic cyberbullying detection in English and between the techniques that was used in the sentiment analysis in Arabic text, The purpose of this work is applying these techniques for detecting cyberbullying in Arabic.
Seed production of an Arrhenatherion elatioris hay-meadow in the eastern Italian Alps

Due to agricultural intensification, semi-natural Arrhenatherion elatioris meadows are becoming rare in central Europe. Despite the increasing importance of their biodiversity value, little information is available on seed production which could be used to enlarge their regional presence. To contribute to this knowledge, the seed production of the major grass species were analysed for the spring growths of an Arrhenatherion elatioris meadow in 2003 and 2004. In the first study year, fertile culms of Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Dactylis glomerata, Holcus lanatus and Trisetum flavescens were collected on different dates and analysed for their reproductive efficiency. Floret site utilization was greater than 0AE60 for all species and seed viability was above 80%, except for A. odoratum. Seed dormancy was present to a small extent only in A. odoratum and A. pubescens. With regard to the whole meadow, the density of fertile stems amounted to 850 m )2 (811 m )2 of which were grasses) and standing seed yield at seed maturity of the six grasses was about 33 100 seeds m )2 . As a consequence of the increase in viability occurring during seed development, the maximum standing viable seed yield was reached later. The total number of seeds produced throughout the spring growth period was 2AE8 times that of the maximum standing seed yield. The quality and quantity of the seed production from spring growth make it suitable for establishing species-rich seminatural grassland provided that seed obtained from the second cut is included to increase the presence of legumes and forbs.
Freshwater Mussel Status: Upper North Fork Holston River, Virginia

Abstract Previous freshwater mussel surveys (1915–1997) at sites in the upper North Fork Holston River watershed upstream of Saltville, VA, documented 21 species. To assess current status of the fauna, approximately 363 survey hours were spent qualitatively sampling 44 sites in a 77-km reach of the upper river between Saltville and Ceres during 2000–2004. Thirteen species of live freshwater mussels were collected. Species richness appears to have declined only slightly over the last 100 years in this reach of river. However, declines in abundance are now evident in a 6.4-km reach immediately upstream of Saltville. A die-off of federally endangered Fusconaia cor (shiny pigtoe) and candidate species Lexingtonia dolabelloides (slabside pearlymussel) was documented in the upper river during 1999–2002, but the cause was not identified.
Configuration-Based Smart Customization Service: A Multitask Learning Approach

Smart customization service is an important element for smart manufacturing. The success of smart customization requires that designers, manufacturers, and customers with differences in context, semantics, and other cognitive aspects be engaged in a collaborative process. With product configurators reported to have positive impacts on product quality to meet customers’ needs, this article attempts to explore an approach for smart customization service based on configurators. To better address the semantic gap between customers and designers/manufacturers, a new configuration mechanism is proposed that takes into consideration customer needs using natural language as the input and maps them to product specifications in the design stage. We collected a massive amount of review text from e-commerce websites and used ELMo, a contextualized word representation based on a deep bidirectional language model, to encode the text. A multitask learning-based neural network was adopted to build the mapping from layman customer needs to product specifications. Our experiments show that this approach can achieve a promising performance for the configuration task and, thereby, facilitate smart customization services. Note to Practitioners—Smart customization has been adopted by various industries to tailor companies’ business streams and customize solutions for customers. It is a complicated service process involving cross-functional teams for identifying customer needs and establishing product design and manufacturing specifications. However, communication in the collaborative process may be challenging. Customers may express their needs using layman’s terms. The expressed needs can even be ambiguous and imprecise. Miscommunication hinders the efficiency of smart customization services. This article uses natural language processing and machine learning techniques to map product review text, which is crawled from e-commerce websites to the corresponding product specifications. Given a new customer’s needs in free-form text, the mapping can automatically identify the satisfactory product configurations. This has the potential to improve the efficiency of product customization and shield customers and companies from the back-and-forth communication procedure in the customization service.
Output-Series Modular DC–DC Converter With Self-Voltage Balancing for Integrating Variable Energy Sources

Due to its high voltage boost capability, the output-series modular dc–dc converter (OSMDC) system with multiple independent inputs is a promising solution for the integration of distributed renewable energy. However, the unequal power injection among the variable energy sources (VESs) makes the module voltage balancing at the output stage a crucial issue for OSMDC. To solve this issue, this letter presents a new OSMDC topology based on the promising semi-dual active bridge (SDAB) converter module. Embedded non-isolated resonant dual active bridge (NRDAB) converters are constructed between the adjacent modules by adding LC branches to link the load-side active-leg midpoints of the SDABs. This configuration facilitates self-voltage balancing among the modules and retains zero-voltage switching (ZVS) characteristics of SDAB. The lab-scale experiment has been conducted to verify the operating principles and performance of the proposed OSMDC.
Colonization process in soft-bottom macrofauna communities using azoic sediments: comparison of two wetland systems with different organic loads

The main goal of the study was to follow the colonization process of soft-bottom macrofauna commu- nities in two wetland systems with different organic inputs: a lagoon reservoir and a fish-farm system in the Ria Formosa, Portugal. After a previous treatment in the natural sediments, the resulting experimental azoic sediments were placed in suspended boxes. Two sets of boxes were used to study seven cumulative colonization periods of increasing duration, and seven colonization periods of one month each. Community structure was studied and percentage of organic matter in surface sediments was measured. Descriptors of the macrozoobenthic community included abundance, density, number of species, and diversity, dominance and evenness indices for polychaete taxa. Significant differences were observed in the community structure between colonization periods and between systems. Cumulative experiments revealed that organic enrichment is associated with sediment colonization which is marked by a macroinvertebrate community of increasing total abundance of settlers and diversity in the reser- voir, and several peaks for abundance of a few opportunistic polychaete species in the fish-farm which is typical of a highly disturbed system. Comparison of experimental and natural bottom sediments revealed that predation and organic inputs are important factors determining the community structure, for density in the case of predation and diversity in the case of organic loads. We observed that the duration of the colonization period is a key factor in the community structure of the less disturbed system, as shown by the higher diversity in bottom sediments of reservoir.
Unusually fine–scale genetic structuring found in rapidly speciating Malawi cichlid fishes

Mechanisms behind the explosive radiation of over 500 cichlid fish species from a single founding population in Lake Malawi during the last 700 000 years are poorly understood. Recent studies have suggested that the degree of population subdivision among the habitat patches within the lake may be responsible, but the evidence has been circumstantial: lack of a dispersal stage in haplochromine cichlids; genetic and colour variation among populations separated by large–scale geographical barriers; and fluctuating lake levels. One reason for the rapidity of speciation in these fishes may be that population subdivision is on a much finer scale than previously thought. Here we quantify the level of population subdivision and estimate migration at a scale of 700–1400 m, in order to investigate whether cichlid populations are sufficiently isolated from each other for allopatric divergence and perhaps speciation to take place. Using six microsatellite loci, we demonstrate the existence of highly significant genetic differentiation between subpopulations on adjacent headlands in each of four rock–dwelling haplochromine cichlid species. Our results suggest that these fish populations are divided into thousands of subunits among which genetic divergence is currently occurring, and that this may provide unprecedented opportunities for allopatric speciation.
Biotechnology for Enhanced Nutritional Quality in Plants

With almost 870 million people estimated to suffer from chronic hunger worldwide, undernourishment represents a major problem that severely affects people in developing countries. In addition to undernourishment, micronutrient deficiency alone can be a cause of serious illness and death. Large portions of the world population rely on a single, starch-rich crop as their primary energy source and these staple crops are generally not rich sources of micronutrients. As a result, physical and mental health problems related to micronutrient deficiencies are estimated to affect around two billion people worldwide. The situation is expected to get worse in parallel with the expanding world population. Improving the nutritional quality of staple crops seems to be an effective and straightforward solution to the problem. Conventional breeding has long been employed for this purpose but success has been limited to the existing diversity in the gene pool. However, biotechnology enables addition or improvement of any nutrient, even those that are scarce or totally absent in a crop species. In addition, biotechnology introduces speed to the biofortification process compared to conventional breeding. Genetic engineering was successfully employed to improve a wide variety of nutritional traits over the last decade. In the present review, progress toward engineering various types of major and minor constituents for the improvement of plant nutritional quality is discussed.
Finding the perfect potato: using functional genomics to improve disease resistance and tuber quality traits

One of the best known plant disease outbreaks of all time was the Irish potato famine of 1845 to 1847 when the late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestens, devastated the potato crop and caused more than one million deaths in Ireland. Potatoes are still plagued by disease but luckily most countries do not depend on potato as much as they did in Ireland in the 1800s. Producing disease-free potatoes, however, has come at a huge cost. To combat major diseases, such as late blight and common scab, 64 × 106 kg of pesticides are sprayed on potato fields each year. The costs associated with these measures are not only financial; environmental costs, although less easy to quantify, are significant and include negative impacts on natural ecosystems and the contamination of groundwater, lakes, and rivers. Our search for the “perfect” potato, i.e., one that has good processing qualities and disease resistance, has gained new momentum with the emergence of genomic technologies. Through functional genomics we will gain a better understanding of the genes responsible for tuber quality traits and those responsible for disease resistance. With a collection of desirable genes in mind, we can again use genomics as a diagnostic tool to search for these genes in the wide variety of potatoes around the world and to follow their transfer by classical breeding. This paper describes a research program currently underway in Canada that uses functional genomics to improve the potato.
Les Communautés Suprabenthiques Bathyales De La Mer Catalane (Méditerranée Occidentale): Données Préliminaires Sur La Répartition Bathymétrique Et L'Abondance Des Crustacés Péracarides

99 species of Peracarid Crustaceans (2 Mysidacea, 52 Amphipoda, 28 Cumacea, 15 Isopoda, and 2 Tanaidacea) were identified during a sampling performed on the muddy bottoms of the deep slope in front of Barcelona (western Mediterranean). Ten deep-water samples were performed between 552-1808 m using a small plankton net attached to a bottom trawl. Fifteen species should be considered as Mediterranean endemics: Ampelisca cf. anophthalma, Ampelisca dalmatina, Carangoliopsis spinulosa, Urothoe corsica, Lilljeborgia psaltrica, Idunella pirata, Bathymedon banyulsensis, Oediceropsis pilosa, Pardaliscoides stebbingi, Syrrhoe angulipes, Janirella bonnieri, Fageapseudes retusifrons, Diastyloides carpinei, Diastylis jonesi, and Makrokylindrus stebbingi, while 9 other species were recorded for the first time in the Mediterranean: Epimeria parasitica, Rhachotropis gracilis, Andaniexis abyssi, Chelator insignis, Desmosoma lineare, Belonectes parvus, Munnopsurus atlanticus, Ilyarachna longicornis, and Janirella nanseni. On the upper middle slope amphipods were the dominant taxa both in terms of species richness and abundance. Cumaceans were progressively more abundant when depth increased, being the dominant taxa on the lower slope. All these trends were discussed in the light of the sampling method used and in function of the ecological factors characterizing the deep bathyal environment in the Catalan Sea.
Logistic Growth Modeling with Markov Chain Monte Carlo Estimation

A new growth modeling approach is proposed to can fit inherently nonlinear (i.e., logistic) function without constraint nor reparameterization. A simulation study is employed to investigate the feasibility and performance of a Markov chain Monte Carlo method within Bayesian estimation framework to estimate a fully random version of a logistic growth curve model under manipulated conditions such as the number and timing of measurement occasions and sample sizes.