Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integration of Soft Computing Approaches for Feature Subset Selection

Feature subset selection basically depends on the design of a criterion function to measure the effectiveness of a particular feature or a feature subset and the selection of a search strategy to find out he best feature subset. Lots of techniques, mostly statistical, have been developed so far which are mainly categorized into classifier independent filter approaches and classifier dependant wrapper approaches. Wrapper approaches produce good results but are computationally unattractive specially when nonlinear neural classifiers with complex learning algorithms are used The present work proposes some hybrid algorithms for feature subset selection using individual tools from soft computing paradigm taking advantage of both the filter and wrapper approaches. Artificial neural network, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm are used to design neuro fuzzy and fuzzy genetic algorithms. A fuzzy set theoretic measure for assessing the goodness of a feature is used in conjunction with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) or a fractal neural network (FNN), the proposed modification of MLP having a statistically fractal sparse architecture. Though the process does not guarantee absolute optimality, the selected feature subset produces near optimal results for practical purposes. The process is less time consuming and computationally light compared to any neural network classifier based sequential feature subset selection technique. The same measure in conjunction with genetic algorithm has been used and it is found that fuzzy genetic algorithm is better than neuro fuzzy algorithms for large feature set problems for finding out a near optimal solution. The proposed algorithms have been simulated with two different data sets to show their effectiveness.
Are dental hygiene faculty meeting suggested educational ADEA guidelines for dental hygiene faculty members

ix Introduction . 1 List of Definitions . 8 Review of the Literature.10 Social Learning Theory . 10 Dental Hygiene Programs . 12 Dental Hygiene Faculty.13 Dental Schools and Dental Education . 14 Improving Dental Education . 18 Faculty Development Programs . 20 Faculty Credentialing . 24 Educational Competency for Dental Faculty . 27 Need for specific education courses . 33 Faculty Shortage in Dental Hygiene . 39 ADEA Guidelines for Dental Hygiene Faculty.43 Methodology . 51 Research Design . 51 Procedure.52
Designing data center networks for high throughput

Data centers with tens of thousands of servers now support popular Internet services, scientific research, as well as industrial applications. The network is the foundation of such facilities, giving the large server pool the ability to work together on these applications. The network needs to provide high throughput between servers to ensure that computations are not slowed down by network bottlenecks, with servers waiting on data from other servers. This work address two broad, related questions about high-throughput data center network design: (a) how do we measure and benchmark various network designs for throughput? and (b) how do we design such networks for near-optimal throughput? The problem of designing high-throughput networks has received a lot of attention, with multiple interesting architectures being proposed every year. However, there is no clarity on how one should benchmark these networks and how they compare to each other. In fact, this work shows that commonly used measurement approaches, in particular, cut-metrics like bisection bandwidth, do not predict throughput accurately. In contrast, we directly evaluate the throughput of networks on both uniform and (heretofore unknown) nearly-worst-case traffic matrices, and include here a comparison of 10 networks using this approach. Further, prior work has not addressed a fundamental question: how far are we from throughput-optimal design? In this work, we propose the first upper bound on network throughput for any topology with identical switches. Although designing optimal topologies is infeasible, we demonstrate that random graphs achieve throughput surprisingly close to this bound – within a few percent at the scale of a few thousand servers for uniform traffic. Our approach also addresses important practical concerns in the design of data center networks, such as incremental expansion and heterogeneous design – as more and varied equipment is added to a data center over the years in response to evolving needs, how do we best accommodate such equipment? Our networks can achieve the same incremental growth at 40% of the expense such growth would incur with past techniques for Clos networks. Further, our approach to designing heterogeneous topologies (i.e., where all
A Novel Method for a Reliable Classifier using Gradients

: In this paper, we propose a new classification method to complement a naïve Bayesian classifier. This classifier assumes data distribution to be Gaussian, finds the discriminant function, and derives the decision curve. However, this method does not investigate finding the decision curve in much detail, and there are some minor problems that arise in finding an accurate discriminant function. Our findings also show that this method could produce errors when finding the decision curve. The aim of this study has therefore been to investigate existing problems and suggest a more reliable classification method. To do this, we utilize the gradient to find the decision curve. We then compare/analyze our algorithm with the naïve Bayesian method. Performance evaluation indicates that the average accuracy of our classification method is about 10% higher than naïve Bayes.
Fungal nail disease (Onychomycosis); Challenges and solutions

Onychomycosis (fungal nail infection) is caused by three groups of fungal pathogens namely dermatophyte molds (DM), non-DM (NDM) and yeasts. It is primarily a cosmetic problem but may induce impact on quality of life. Clinically it is characterized by five morphologically distinctive types; distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO), superficial white onychomycosis (SWO), proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO), and endothrix onychomycosis. It is difficult to detect the fungal agent responsible for a particular type of onychomycosis by clinical features alone. Mycological methods like direct demonstration of fungal agents by potassium hydroxide mount or nail plate histopathology with Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining are sensitive methods for the detection of pathogens. Fungal culture alone is commonly used as a standard for the detection of etiological agent. Molecular biological techniques are currently used only in research laboratories or epidemiological purposes. Therapy is generally not satisfactory. Both topical and systemic agents are used in the therapy. Topical Ciclopirix and Amorolfine are found to be effective but only in early and limited disease. Terbinafine and Itraconazole seems to be the best drugs for the systemic therapy. Clinical cure rates are generally lower than the mycological cure rates.
Factors associated with sleep disruption among community-dwelling older adults in the Health and Retirement Study

reasoning, attention, and decision making. More importantly, the PFC controls mood, including interpersonal relationships, behaviors, and social cognition such as attitudes and rules (Grafman, 2001). Unlike other parts of the brain that remain active during sleep, the PFC demonstrates reduced activity during all phases of sleep and may require special regulation and restoration (Braun, 1998; Braun,
Excavations at Nineveh: The Halzi Gate1

Abstract The University of California Expedition to Nineveh excavated at the Halzi Gate in 1989 and 1990. The gate proved to be one of Nineveh's larger defensive gates and a scene of chaos and destruction. Tower 4 to the south of the gate was of irregular masonry, having been hastily rebuilt. The juxtaposition of a rough tower directly beside the fine ashlar masonry of the rest of the curtain wall of the gate appears to reflect a political instability that prevailed during the declining years of Assyrian rule. The late reconstruction of Tower 4 contrasts with the earlier attention to detail seen in building work of Sennacherib's reign (704–681 BC), when smoothly dressed orthostats lined the lower walls of the gate's large inner court and sophisticated waterproof membranes of bitumen-soaked reeds protected the mud-brick superstructures. Buried beneath the pavement in the corners of the court were apotropaic foundation figurines. Within the only partially excavated outer entrance passage at least twelve individuals died, perhaps while defending the city or trying to escape from it, as a stallion and a rider lay at the eastern limit of the gate passage. Within the reduced width of the gate passage were eight adult males, four adolescents and four children including one infant. Weaponry was found throughout the area and the scattered bodies lay where they had fallen. The associated small finds, which had not been looted, included silver jewelry, bronze personal items, stamp seals and a composite necklace.
Marketing performance measurement in B2B service companies : a multiple case study

Turun kauppakorkeakoulu • Turku School of Economics Bachelor’s thesis x Master’s thesis Licentiate’s thesis Doctor’s thesis Subject Marketing Date 10.5. 2019 Author(s) Anna Korhonen Student number 507443 Number of pages 113 p. + appendices Title Marketing Performance Measurement in B2B Service Companies: A Multiple Case Study Supervisor(s) D.Sc. Anna Salonen
Variable indicators affecting the country’s brand strategy effectiveness and competitiveness in the world

Article history: Received: April 18, 2019 Received in revised format: April 28 2019 Accepted: May 18, 2019 Available online: May 18, 2019 At present, the global community uses a variety of indicators to assess the national brand and determine the country’s position relative to others’: Brand Finance’s Country Brand Index, FutureBrand’s Country Brand Index, Anholt’s Nation Brands Index, Bloom Consulting’s Country Brand Ranking, Global Competitiveness Index and so on. It is, however, appropriate to use the spatial set of brand and global competitiveness indexes combined with strategic analysis and planning models to develop country brand management models. This approach is based on the objective assessment and building of the integral Country Brand Index (CBI), distinguishing the main components affecting global competitiveness macroeconomic, social, corporate and innovation components, as well as the analysis of the contribution of factors. This makes it possible to determine the position of countries in the world on the basis of comparison of the CBIs with the Global competitiveness Index, as well as quantitatively characterize the contributions of key factors forming the CBI in order to formulate appropriate strategies depending on the position of the country in the world. According to the author, the application of the proposed method will strengthen the soundness of determining the factors influencing on the county brand, enrich the theoretical and methodological principles of analysis of the country brand in the context of global competitiveness, expand the information base and increase the effectiveness of state policy in the field of forming a national branding strategy. © 2019 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Analysis of simulation tools for determining the energy consumption of data centers for cloud computing

Cloud Computing has become an important paradigm for providing IT services. An important aspect that data centers which offer cloud services need to deal with is the reduction of their energy consumption. A suitable way for reducing the energy consumption and thus the energy costs is using energy efficient load distribution algorithms. These are commonly evaluated by simulation. Up to now, there are only few simulation tools for clouds that are freely disposable and those that do exist have hardly been compared in terms of their applicability for determining the energy consumption of clouds. Therefore, this contribution presents an analysis of simulators that investigates their suitability for determining the energy consumption of cloud data centers. The findings of the analysis will be supported by a unified experiment. The results demonstrate that existing work has limitations, for example in terms of components that are not considered to be energyconsuming.
Perceptual and Context Aware Interfaces on Mobile Devices

With an estimated 4.6 billion units in use, mobile phones have already become the most popular computing device in human history. Their portability and communication capabilities may revolutionize how people do their daily work and interact with other people in ways PCs have done during the past 30 years. Despite decades of experiences in creating modern WIMP (windows, icons, mouse, pointer) interfaces, our knowledge in building effective mobile interfaces is still limited, especially for emerging interaction modalities that are only available on mobile devices. This dissertation explores how emerging sensors on a mobile phone, such as the built-in camera, the microphone, the touch sensor and the GPS module can be leveraged to make everyday interactions easier and more efficient. We present studies and models to quantify the capabilities of these sensing channels, and show how effective interfaces in text entry, gaming, and CSCW can be built on mobile phones. The first such technology is TinyMotion. TinyMotion detects the movements of a mobile phone in real time by analyzing image sequences captured by its built-in camera, providing a usable analog pointing channel to existing mobile phone users. We quantified TinyMotion's human performance as a basic input control sensor. We found target acquisition tasks via TinyMotion follow Fitts' law, and Fitts' law parameters can be used for TinyMotion-based pointing performance measurements. We show that using camera phone as a handwriting capture device and performing large vocabulary, multilingual real time handwriting recognition on the mobile phone are feasible. Based on experiences and lessons learned from TinyMotion, this dissertation also introduces SHRIMP (Small Handheld Rapid Input with Motion and Prediction), a predictive mobile text input method runs on camera phones equipped with a standard 12-key keypad. SHRIMP maintains the speed advantage of Dictionary-Based Disambiguation (DBD) driven predictive text input while enabling the user to overcome collision and OOV problems seamlessly without explicit mode switching. Then, FingerSense is presented as another example of perceptual interface to enhance the expressiveness of physical buttons on space-constrained mobile devices. This dissertation also introduces a context-aware system named GLAZE (Generalized Location Aware ModelZ for End-users). GLAZE allows average user without any programming experiences, to create everyday location-aware applications directly on their mobile phones. Last, this thesis describes the design, implementation and evaluation of Event Maps, a web-based calendaring system targeted at improving the experience of attending and organizing large, multi-track conferences on both desktop computers and mobile devices. Event Maps has been successfully deployed in multiple large, real world conferences.
Optimizing of Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing for High Utilization

Cloud computing has been around for some years as a new programming model that enables commodity computing. Without capital investment people and organizations can access huge amount of computing resources in pay per use fashion. Cloud provides various services including storage. While cloud users are being served, the resources of cloud are utilized as per the requirements. However, the resource utilization may experience skewness which needs to be avoided. Many algorithms came into existence in order to overcome this problem. In this paper a new algorithm is proposed for optimal resource allocation in cloud computing for high utilization of resources. Our algorithm considers two cases to act up on. In the first case when VM has scarcity of resources, its capacity gets increased by assigning idle resources to VM or assigning free memory of physical machine. The second case makes use of a technique in which a VM is migrated from one physical machine to another physical machine where abundant resources are available. We built a prototype web application that demonstrates the proof of concept. The application simulates the two cases proposed in the algorithm with visual clues. The empirical results reveal that the proposed algorithm is useful and can be used in real cloud computing applications.
Cross Layer Peer-to-Peer Video Sharing for Vehicle Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs)

Accompanying the increasing interest on Vehicle Ad-hoc Network (VANET), there is a request for high quality and real-time video streaming on VANET, for safety and infotainment applications. Video Streaming on VANET faces extra issues, comparing to the Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), like the high dynamic topology. However, there are also benefits in VANET, like large buffer and battery capacity, predictable motion of vehicles and powerful CPU and GPU. Video streaming on VANET can be highly improved by these features. However the poor performance of wireless networks is an critical issue for video streaming in VANET. The high packet loss probability of wireless networks significantly reduces the quality of the transmitted video. An error recovery process is proposed in our research for high quality and real-time video streaming in VANET, which is call Multi-path Error Recovery Video Streaming (MERVS). The performance improvement of wireless networks is also considered in our research. The cross layer technique is adopted in our research, in order to increase the accuracy on the network condition monitoring and to guarantee the fairness on network resource distribution. Cross layer protocols on both the Media Access Control (MAC) layer and the Network layer are proposed to improve the performance collaboratively. The contribution of my researches are: 1) I proposed a MERVS, which provides high quality and real-time video streaming; 2) several improvement techniques are also designed to improve the performance of MERVS; 3) simulation results verifies that MERVS can have a higher quality on transmitted video comparing to the existing protocols in an acceptable delay.
Ūkaipōtanga: a grounded theory on optimising breastfeeding for Māori women and their whānau

i Preface. ii Acknowledgements . iv Glossary . vi List of Figures. xii List of Tables . xii CHAPTER 1 . 1 Introduction . 1 Historical Influences on Māori Women Breastfeeding . 2 Contemporary Influences on Māori Women Breastfeeding . 4 Research Overview . 6 Demographic Profile of the Eastern Bay of Plenty . 8 Thesis Layout . 10 Conclusion . 11 CHAPTER 2 . 12 Review of the Literature . 12 Breastfeeding Data.13 Health and Other Sectors Strategies and Policies . 16 Breastfeeding Action Plan Strategies . 17 Other Supportive Strategies and Policies.18 Review of Breastfeeding Literature.20 Conclusion . 26 CHAPTER 3 . 28 Research Methodology and Design . 28 Methodology: Kaupapa Māori Approach . 28 Grounded Theory . 30 Grounded Theory First Generation . 30 Constructivist Grounded Theory -­‐ The Second Generation . 32 Research Design . 34 Research Question and Aims . 36
An Uneven Cluster-Based Mobile Charging Algorithm for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSN) have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to the constant energy supply for battery-powered sensor nodes. However, current technologies only enable the mobile charger to replenish energy for one single node at a time. This method has poor scalability and is not suitable for large-scale WRSNs. Recently, wireless energy transfer technology based on multi-hop energy transfer has made great progress. It provides fundamental support to alleviate the scalability problem. In this paper, the node energy replenishment problem is formulated into an optimization problem. The optimization objective is to minimize the number of non-functional nodes. We propose the uneven cluster-based mobile charging (UCMC) algorithm for WRSNs. An uneven clustering scheme and a novel charging path planning scheme are incorporated in the UCMC algorithm. The simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm can achieve energy balance, reduce the number of dead nodes, and prolong the network lifetime.
Traffic Light Auto-recognition Based on HSV Color Space and Shape Feature

Traffic light is an important signal that ensures vehicle running smoothly and orderly. It also can improve safety of drivers who are color-blind. In order to recognize the traffic light correctly in complex environment,the traffic light recognition automatically is described. Firstly,by converting the color space form RGB to HSV,the candidate regions of traffic light are extracted using the H,which bases on the independence between H and V in HSV color space. At the same time,RGB image is turned into gray and after preprocessing and gray- scale morphological operation for the gray image,by using a method on the basis of the Hough transform is applied to detect the region that approximate location of the circle shape. Finally,the suspected location of the target regions and candidate regions are fused by using logical filtering,color distribution combined with the position of circle shape to recognize the traffic light. In this process,contrast enhancement and morphological operations and so on are also used. This experiments show that this method is robustness,stability and efficiency.
Arrested Development - Conflict Displacement and Welfare in Iraq

This note provides the first direct estimates of well-being in Iraq since the crises. Its objective is to take stock of monetary non-monetary living standards of Iraqis in the post-crises period. Moreover, using the data from surveys that predate the crisis – 2012 and 2014 it evaluates how well-being was evolving pre-crises and the turn it has taken after the dual shocks.The note is structured as follows. Sections two and three provide an update on monetary poverty and non-income dimensions of wellbeing, showing the trend in the indicators since 2014. Section four disaggregates the trends by region and household displacement status, presenting evidence that the negative welfare incidence was felt disproportionately by conflict-affected regions and internally displaced persons. Section five examines the trends in labor market outcomes. Section six peers beyond the short-run trends and discusses deeper issues characteristic to Iraq, including low economic mobility and high inequality of opportunities. Section seven concludes with some policy priorities.
Learning in urology : the influence of simulators and human factors

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