Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of trumpet performance adjustments due to room acoustics

In a musical performance, musician, instrument and room form a closed feedback loop that continuously shapes the generated sound. A virtual acoustic environment was developed to study performance adjustments systematically. In formal experiments, 11 trumpet players were recorded while performing several pieces with multiple auralized versions of real spaces. A set of 44 low level audio features was computed for each of the 364 final recordings. A Dual Multiple Factor Analysis (DMFA) was performed, reducing the data dimensionality to four dimensions related to musical aspects: Level/Timbre, Dynamics, Overall Tempo and Tempo Variations – accounting for 58% of the explained variance. Correlation analysis revealed a moderate effect of temporal (EDT, RT60) and energy (G) room acoustic parameters on performance level and timbre. Additionally, in an environment with considerably stronger energy, players tended to decrease the overall tempo of the performance. However, most of these effects were highly individual, and a further analysis was performed to assess the behavior of each player. To investigate the perceptual impact of performance adjustments on listeners, an online listening test was conducted. The results revealed that listeners are able to consistently perceive level and timbre variations induced by stage acoustic conditions. Results further suggest that the perception of dynamics or tempo variations cannot be fully described by single values and a multi-dimensional characterization is necessary.
A History of Research on Non-Ferrous Metals

Prve posamične raziskave kemijske sestave arheoloških predmetov v Evropi segajo v 18. stoletje. Natančnejše meritve in množične analize pa je omogočil šele razvoj novih analitskih metod v prvi polovici 20. stoletja. Tedaj so se začele v številnih evropskih laboratorijih sistematične spektralne raziskave, predvsem prazgodovinskih izdelkov iz bakra in bakrovih zlitin. V Sloveniji sta začela, na pobudo Oddelka za arheologijo Univerze v Ljubljani, leta 1988 s sistematičnimi spektralnimi analizami kovinskih predmetov iz pozne bronaste dobe Narodni muzej Slovenije in Kemijski inštitut v Ljubljani. Raziskave z metodo ICP-AES, razširjene s sodelovanjem metalurške stroke, so zajele tehnološke postopke pri pridobivanju in obdelavi bakra in bakrovih zlitin. Dosedanji rezultati so plodno dopolnili arheološko podobo in vlogo slovenskega prostora na prehodu 2. v 1. tisočletje pr. n. š. Abstract
Wasserstein barycentric coordinates

This article defines a new way to perform intuitive and geometrically faithful regressions on histogram-valued data. It leverages the theory of optimal transport, and in particular the definition of Wasserstein barycenters, to introduce for the first time the notion of barycentric coordinates for histograms. These coordinates take into account the underlying geometry of the ground space on which the histograms are defined, and are thus particularly meaningful for applications in graphics to shapes, color or material modification. Beside this abstract construction, we propose a fast numerical optimization scheme to solve this backward problem (finding the barycentric coordinates of a given histogram) with a low computational overhead with respect to the forward problem (computing the barycenter). This scheme relies on a backward algorithmic differentiation of the Sinkhorn algorithm which is used to optimize the entropic regularization of Wasserstein barycenters. We showcase an illustrative set of applications of these Wasserstein coordinates to various problems in computer graphics: shape approximation, BRDF acquisition and color editing.
Notes on the vocalizations of Common Wood-shrike (Tephrodornis pondicerianus)

In the following we briefly analyze and compare voice of the different races of Common Wood-shrike (Tephrodornis pondicerianus). We also try to quantify the extent of any vocal differences using the criteria proposed by Tobias et al. (2010), as a support for taxonomic review. We have made use of sound recordings available on-line from Xeno Canto (XC), Macaulay Library (ML) and Avian Vocalizations Center (AVoCet), and Warakagoda (2008).
Resisistivity Structures in Mt. Batur Geothermal Prospect Area in Bali Province, Indonesia

We present resistivity structure in Mt. Batur geothermal prospect area, Bali Province, Indonesia, derived from Magnetotelluric (MT) data. The study area is located in the Mt. Batur caldera, covered by pyroclastic flow and lava. The survey is set up by 40 MT stations, divided into 5 lines that is perpendicular with the main strike in the study area. In this paper, we show 2-D models of shallow and deeper crustal structure. Our overview is focused on low resistivity area (<10 Ωm) and high resistivity area (> 1000Ωm). Our study reveals two zones of low resistivity area at shallow depth which are attributed to fumaroles and steaming ground located near that area. Meanwhile, the high resistivity area at 4 km depth can be interpreted as intrusion of igneous rock.
Developed liquid film passing a smoothed and wedge-shaped trailing edge: small-scale analysis and the ‘teapot effect’ at large Reynolds numbers

Abstract Recently, the authors considered a thin steady developed viscous free-surface flow passing the sharp trailing edge of a horizontally aligned flat plate under surface tension and the weak action of gravity, acting vertically, in the asymptotic slender-layer limit (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 850, 2018, pp. 924–953). We revisit the capillarity-driven short-scale viscous–inviscid interaction, on account of the inherent upstream influence, immediately downstream of the edge and scrutinise flow detachment on all smaller scales. We adhere to the assumption of a Froude number so large that choking at the plate edge is insignificant but envisage the variation of the relevant Weber number of $O(1)$. The main focus, tackled essentially analytically, is the continuation of the structure of the flow towards scales much smaller than the interactive ones and where it no longer can be treated as slender. As a remarkable phenomenon, this analysis predicts harmonic capillary ripples of Rayleigh type, prevalent on the free surface upstream of the trailing edge. They exhibit an increase of both the wavelength and amplitude as the characteristic Weber number decreases. Finally, the theory clarifies the actual detachment process, within a rational description of flow separation. At this stage, the wetting properties of the fluid and the microscopically wedge-shaped edge, viewed as infinitely thin on the larger scales, come into play. As this geometry typically models the exit of a spout, the predicted wetting of the wedge is related to what in the literature is referred to as the teapot effect.
A Model Parallel Proximal Stochastic Gradient Algorithm for Partially Asynchronous Systems

Large models are prevalent in modern machine learning scenarios, including deep learning, recommender systems, etc., which can have millions or even billions of parameters. Parallel algorithms have become an essential solution technique to many large-scale machine learning jobs. In this paper, we propose a model parallel proximal stochastic gradient algorithm, AsyB-ProxSGD, to deal with large models using model parallel blockwise updates while in the meantime handling a large amount of training data using proximal stochastic gradient descent (ProxSGD). In our algorithm, worker nodes communicate with the parameter servers asynchronously, and each worker performs proximal stochastic gradient for only one block of model parameters during each iteration. Our proposed algorithm generalizes ProxSGD to the asynchronous and model parallel setting. We prove that AsyB-ProxSGD achieves a convergence rate of $O(1/\sqrt{K})$ to stationary points for nonconvex problems under \emph{constant} minibatch sizes, where $K$ is the total number of block updates. This rate matches the best-known rates of convergence for a wide range of gradient-like algorithms. Furthermore, we show that when the number of workers is bounded by $O(K^{1/4})$, we can expect AsyB-ProxSGD to achieve linear speedup as the number of workers increases. We implement the proposed algorithm on MXNet and demonstrate its convergence behavior and near-linear speedup on a real-world dataset involving both a large model size and large amounts of data.
A semigroup method for high dimensional committor functions based on neural network

This paper proposes a new method based on neural networks for computing the high-dimensional committor functions that satisfy Fokker-Planck equations. Instead of working with partial differential equations, the new method works with an integral formulation based on the semigroup of the differential operator. The variational form of the new formulation is then solved by parameterizing the committor function as a neural network. There are two major benefits of this new approach. First, stochastic gradient descent type algorithms can be applied in the training of the committor function without the need of computing any mixed second-order derivatives. Moreover, unlike the previous methods that enforce the boundary conditions through penalty terms, the new method takes into account the boundary conditions automatically. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
Study and management proposal

Reversible vasoconstriction syndrome is a group of clinical-radiological alterations that are characterized by severe sudden-onset headaches and reversible multifocal narrowing of the cerebral arteries. Most patients do not present with focal neurological deficit, although it can be seen in a small group, associated with cerebral edema, stroke or seizures. It is considered to be a benign process that causes disability and death in a minority of patients. The term ́ reversible vasoconstriction syndrome ́ has been proposed to unify a variety of clinical syndromes which are similar, but have different etiologies, and have originated various eponyms. The apparently low frequency of reversible vasoconstriction syndrome and the way it presents make it a diagnostic challenge in the emergency room, and it may go unnoticed without an adequate
Performance comparison of artificial bee colony algorithm based approaches for retinal vessel segmentation

Retinal kan damarlarinda meydana gelen yapisal degisiklikler retinal hastaliklara yonelik onemli bilgiler saglamaktadir. Bu nedenle, son yillarda bilgisayar destekli retinal damar segmantasyonu uygulamalari onemli bir arastirma alani haline gelmistir. Retinal kan damarlari ile retina goruntusu art alani arasindaki kontrast farklari cok dusuk oldugu icin retinal kan damarlarinin yuksek dogrulukta tespit edilmesine yonelik guclu algoritmalara ihtiyac duyulmaktadir. Bu calismada, muhendislik problemlerine etkim cozumler ureten yapay ari koloni (ABC) algoritmasi retinal damar segmantasyonuna yonelik uygulanmistir. Retinal kan damarlarinin yuksek dogrulukta segmantasyonuna yonelik olarak kumeleme tabanli ABC (temel ABC), hizli-ABC (Q-ABC) ve modifiye edilmis ABC (MR-ABC) algoritmalari gelistirilmis ve performanslari mukayese edilmistir. Benzetimler, DRIVE veri tabanindan alinmis olan normal ve hastalikli retinal goruntuler uzerinde gerceklestirilmistir. Benzetim sonuclari ve istatistiksel analizler ABC tabanli yaklasimlarin kararli bir sekilde calistiklarini ve en uygun kumeleme performanslarina yuksek yakinsama hizlarinda ulastiklarini gostermektedir. Sonuc olarak, ABC tabanli yaklasimlarin retinal kan damarlarinin yuksek dogrulukta segmantasyonuna yonelik olarak basarili bir sekilde kullanilabilecegi gorulmustur.
Semantic Interference through Multiple Distractors in Picture Naming in People with Aphasia

Abstract When we refer to an object or concept by its name, activation of semantic and categorical information is necessary to retrieve the correct lexical representation. Whereas in neurotypical individuals it is well established that semantic context can interfere with or facilitate lexical retrieval, these effects are much less studied in people with lesions to the language network and impairment at different steps of lexical-semantic processing. Here, we applied a novel picture naming paradigm, where multiple categorically related and unrelated words were presented as distractors before a to-be-named target picture. Using eye tracking, we investigated preferential fixation on the cohort members versus nonmembers. Thereby, we can judge the impact of explicit acknowledgment of the category and its effect on semantic interference. We found that, in contrast to neurotypical participants [van Scherpenberg, C. , Abdel Rahman, R. , & Obrig, H. A novel multiword paradigm for investigating semantic context effects in language production. PLoS One, 15, e0230439, 2020], participants suffering from mild to moderate aphasia did not show a fixation preference on category members but still showed a large interference effect of ∼35 msec, confirming the implicit mechanism of categorical interference. However, preferential fixation on the categorically related cohort words correlated with clinical tests regarding nonverbal semantic abilities and integrity of the anterior temporal lobe. This highlights the role of supramodal semantics for explicit recognition of a semantic category, while semantic interference is triggered if the threshold of lexical cohort activation is reached. Confirming psycholinguistic evidence, the demonstration of a large and persistent interference effect through implicit lexico-semantic activation is important to understand deficits in people with a lesion in thelanguage network, potentially relevant for individualized intervention aiming at improving naming skills.
Effect of devolved fund disbursement on project implementation within the Kenyan constituencies

Disbursement involves approval, allocation, release and transmission of funds or grants to projects for implementation. Funds are always disbursed according to funding and implementation schedules agreed upon by the parties and based on the submitted budget and work plan. The developed schedule with each grant recipient is necessary to ensure proper funding accounting, reporting and timely disbursement of funds during the implementation phase to the devolved units. Implementation is the carrying out, execution, or practice of a plan, a method, or any design for doing something. The government of Kenya has made deliberate efforts to decentralize most of its development projects over the past few years, through the use of decentralized funds key among them are, Local Authority Transfer Fund (LATF), Constituency Bursary Fund (CBF), Women and Youth Enterprise Fund and Constituency Development Funds (CDF). This was made possible through Constituency Development Act of Kenya, (2003) which was enacted in order to re-distribute resources to every corner of the country so that poverty levels can be alleviated. Devolved funds have been taunted as the most effective way of fighting poverty on the strength of their ability to bring governance closer to the people thereby addressing their priorities. In a perfect world every project would be "on time and within budget. " But reality tells a very different story. Even if the budget and schedules are met, one must ask if the project delivered the results and quality expected. True project success must be evaluated on all the three components otherwise a project could be considered a failure. Delays in disbursement of funds lead to delay in land acquisition among other factors which eventually has a serious impact on the overall performance in the implementation of the development project. The impact of delays in acquisition resulted into cost overruns due to price variations and time overruns and had an impact also on the successful completion of the development project. © 2013 Elixir All rights reserved ARTIC LE INF O Article hi story: Received: 29 June 2013; Received in revised form: 24 July 2013; Accepted: 8 August 2013;
Finding the resonance frequencies of non-shoebox shaped rooms

To find the resonance frequencies of a non-shoebox shaped room is a classical problem in room acoustics, which is straightforward to solve with the finite element method. Still, the finite element method requires specialized software which is often quite complex to use. Here, we explore two other approaches to study this problem. A first is to use a type of waveguide modeling which allows a changing waveguide cross-section, the so-called Mode Matching Method, which has successfully been used for modeling horn loudspeakers. This approach can efficiently model quite general room geometries, as long as cross-sections along one dimensions are rectangular, [Kolbrek & Svensson, 140th AES Conv. , paper no. 9506, 2016]. A second approach is to use a shoebox to create an outer "bounding box" for the room of interest, and then introduce secondary sources of dipole type at the locations of walls inside this shoebox to fulfill the boundary conditions of the walls. Possibilities and limitations with these approaches will be presented.
Prevalence of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Primary Care Observations on Birth Cohorts 2002-2011

Objectives: The study evaluates the trend over time of overweight and obesity in children of the province of Trento subjected to the health check of the sixth year of age. Study Design: It is a retrospective observational study of all children subjected to the health check of the sixth year of age in Trento province, North East Italy. Ten birth cohorts have been considered 2009-2018. The data was collected through paper forms filled in by family pediatricians. The collective national agreement for family pediatrics allows carrying out the health check of six years with a tolerance of ± 90 days from the 6th birthday. Weight status was analyzed and categorized using the Body Mass Index (BMI) threshold values established by Cole et al., as recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). The percentages of overweight and obesity, with 95% confidence intervals, were computed at 6 years for each birth cohort, considering sex and the time of the assessment: before the 6th birthday, exactly at the 6th birthday and after the 6th birthday. We also compute, based on the data of the birth cohorts 2009-2011, the percentages of overweight and obesity, according the territorial area of residence of the children, the individual pediatrician and the citizenship (child with mother with foreign nationality vs. child with Italian mother). Results: A total of 27,039 (51,6 % males) children were analysed. In males, the average proportions of overweight or obese subjects in all the cohorts under study are respectively 10.4% (CI 95% 10.1- 10.7) and 4.9% (CI 95% 4.7- 5.1). In Females, the corresponding values are 13.5% (CI 95% 13.1-13.9) and 5.7%, (CI 95% 5.2-6.1). The proportions of overweight or obese subjects, calculated in relation to the chronological moment in which the health check of the 6th was carried out show no statistically significant differences, as well as in relation to territorial area of residence of children. There is a wide variability in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in individual family pediatricians. In part, the different proportion of foreign children registered with individual pediatrician can explain this wide variability. Data relating to the birth cohorts 2009-2011 confirm a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in foreign children. Socio-cultural factors can explain this fact, especially in reference to second-generation immigrants. Conclusions: The surveillance system based on family pediatricians can integrate with the national surveillance system “OKkio alla SALUTE” with the second oriented towards the general population and the first oriented towards individual “case” children, providing a possible tool for identifying and taking charge of children with overweight/obesity.
(organ-specific) human colorectal cancer model as an in vivo secondary screen for general evaluation of new anticancer agents against colorectal cancer and to evaluate practically the antitumor activity of 1 M tegafur

The purpose of this study was to establish a nude rat orthotopic (organ-specific) human colorectal cancer model as an in vivo secondary screen for general evaluation of new anticancer agents against colorectal cancer and to evaluate practically the antitumor activity of 1 M tegafur 0.4 M 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridineâ€”1 M potassium oxonate (S-i), a new p.o. fluoropyrunidine, in comparison to i M tegafur-4 M uracil [(11FF) effective on colorectal tumor in clinical]. After implantation of KMi2C, a human colorectal cancer cell line, into the subserosal layer of the colon as a sinaje-cell suspension, extensive local tumor growth and invasion to both the mucosal and the serosal sides were observed in all rats. Metastatic foci were also formed in both lymph nodes and lungs following local tumor growth in all of them. Using this method, an equitoxic dose of S-i (15 mg/kg/day) and 11FF (30 mg/kg/day) was administered p.o. for 14 comae utive days from 7 days after tumor cell implantation. S-i showed a higher tumor growth inhibition than 11FF did [S-i, 57% (significantly different from the tumor weight of the untreated group at P < 0.05) and UFF, 18% (P > 0.05)]. When both drugs were administered to nude rats bearing KM12C injected into the cecal wall for 28 consecutive days at equitoxic doses, the mean survival in the S-i group was 16 days longer than that in the untreated group (P < 0.01) but that in the IJVF group was only 8 days longer (P > 0.05). After the administration of an eqwtoxic dose of both drugs, S-i gave the higher levels than UFF In various pharmacokinetic parameters as follows: area under the curve 0â€”24 h of 5-fluorouradil in plasma (3.5-fold), area under the curve 0â€”24h of 5-fluorouradil incorpo rated into RNA in the tumor (13-fold), and thymidylate synthase inhibi tion rate (percentage) in the tumor (about 20%). Collectively, these find ings suggested that this orthotopic human colorectal tumor model in nude rats is useful to evaluate the clinical therapeutic efficacy of drugs or therapiesfor colorectalcancer, and that S-i had a higher therapeutic effect on human colorectal tumor than UFF did.
05 The rise and fall... inglés

The objective of this paper is to revise and analyse a traditional concept of marketing science, the marketing mix. The paper is structured as follows: in the first part, we undertake a revision of the definition of the concept; in the second part we examine the origins and historic evolution of the marketing mix. The third part deals with the debate around the concept, from the theoretical, pedagogic and practical points of view. Finally, we reflect upon the current situation of the concept and where it may go from there.
Prediction of Water Adsorption in Copper-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks Using Force Fields Derived from Dispersion-Corrected DFT Calculations

We develop transferable force fields describing water adsorption in copper-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) by combining dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations and classical atomistic simulations. The DFT-D2 approach was found to give reasonable agreement with high level quantum chemistry results for the interaction between water and CuBTC. A classical force field for water adsorption in CuBTC including Lennard-Jones (LJ), Coulombic interactions, and a water–copper distance-dependent correction term was then developed on the basis of 1200 DFT-D2 calculations that probed the full range of accessible volume in CuBTC via random sampling. Good agreement was obtained between adsorption isotherms predicted with our first-principles-derived force field and experiments. Other commonly used models such as simple combinations of LJ and Coulomb potentials cannot adequately describe the interaction between water and CuBTC due to the chemical bonding between water oxygen and copper atom.