Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The magnitudes of the regions 1 and 2 Birkeland currents observed by AMPERE and their role in solar wind‐magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling

In this paper we present the first large‐scale statistical study of the influence of magnetic reconnection on the magnitude of the regions 1 and 2 Birkeland field‐aligned currents (FACs). While previous studies have employed single spacecraft measurements to construct a statistical picture of the location and density of the Birkeland currents, it has hitherto been difficult to compare in situ measurements of the solar wind with instantaneous global field‐aligned current measurements. To that end, we utilize the Active Magnetosphere Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE), which yields field‐aligned current density in both hemispheres at a cadence of 10 min. We quantify the amount of current flowing in the regions 1 (R1) and 2 (R2) FACs, and we compare these with the dayside reconnection rate ΦD deduced from interplanetary parameters from the OMNI data set and with the AL index to examine whether magnetic reconnection is responsible for driving currents in the coupled magnetosphere‐ionosphere system. We find that current magnitudes are strongly correlated with both ΦD and AL index. We also find that R1 currents tend to be higher than R2 currents during periods of magnetic reconnection, suggesting leakage of current across the polar cap or an association with the substorm current wedge.
Users' perceptions of interprofessional collaborative care during their cancer journeys'.

Purpose: The study aimed to construct narratives of journeys that cancer patients and their families experience and to investigate participants' perceptions of related interagency collaboration spanning any engagements with the National Health Service (NHS); social services; local authority; voluntary; private and independent sectors. Methods: Using a qualitative design and focus groups the key facets of integrated care were explored with clients from a charity that focussed on cancer care. The 'talking wall' approach was adapted for use in the focus groups. Framework analysis was used to extrapolate the key themes. Results: Focus groups with 44 volunteers were conducted. Data included visual representations; textual comments and researcher reflections. The findings highlighted that the care received by many of the volunteers was variable with reports of very satisfactory experiences and also poor experiences. Respondents expected collaborative care and only in its absence was there cognisance of its importance in streamlining services for their care journeys. The role for the voluntary and independent sectors was significant. Conclusions and Implications for cancer survivors: Effective interprofessional collaboration was perceived to ease the pain of the cancer journey. The different yet interlocking interventions and support from statutory and voluntary agencies is clearly a holistic approach that is appreciated by the patient. Care management for cancer patients is complex in its nature necessitating professionals to work across organisational boundaries and achieve the best outcomes for long term care management. When professionals do not do this effectively cancer survivors and their carers are often left to 'join up' the services themselves and there is greater reliance on voluntary organisations.
Optimal low-thrust limited-power transfers in a non-central gravity field - transfers between arbitrary orbits

This paper presents a study of optimal low-thrust limited-power trajectories in a non-central gravity field which includes the oblateness of the Earth (i.e., includes the second zonal harmonic $J_{2}$ in the gravitational potential). Initially, the space trajectories optimization problem is expressed in Mayer form, with Cartesian elements - position and velocity vectors - as state variables. The concepts of Optimum Control Theory, namely, the Pontryagin Maximum Principle, are then applied to this problem, providing a maximum Hamiltonian. The resulting formulation is afterwards modified by introducing a set of suitable orbital elements through a canonical transformation. A generalized canonical version of Hori method (a perturbation technique based on Lie series) is then applied to this new formulation, resulting in an averaged maximum Hamiltonian, which characterizes long duration transfers. A numerical solution for this problem is obtained for some transfers between arbitrary elliptical orbits, employing an algorithm based on the second variation method (neighboring extremals) to solve the two-point boundary value problem associated with the averaged Hamiltonian. The results obtained are compared to those provided by the same method for the undisturbed problem (central gravity field), in order to analyze the influence of $J_{2}$ in the transfers considered.
Champs Conditionnels Aléatoires pour l'Annotation d'Arbres

Avec en vue la transformation de documents semi-structures de type XML, nous nous interessons au probleme de l'annotation de tels documents par apprentissage statistique, a partir d'exemples de documents deja annotes. Afin de modeliser la probabilite d'une annotation connaissant un document, nous nous placons dans le cadre des champs conditionnels aleatoires. Ce modele a deja fait ses preuves pour l'annotation de sequences : nous l'adaptons ici aux arbres ordonnes d'arite non bornee. Nous etudions l'expressivite du nouveau modele ainsi introduit en le comparant aux automates d'arbres stochastiques (ou grammaires regulieres probabilistes d'arbres). Nous presentons aussi en detail l'algorithme de recherche de l'annotation la plus probable et l'algorithme d'inference pour ce modele. Ces algorithmes sont implantes dans une librairie Tree CRF ecrite en JAVA. Ces travaux sont des preliminaires qui nous permettront par la suite d'etudier les applications du modele pour la transformation de documents.
Glycemic Index in the Development of Functional Beverage

Background: Due to the prevalence of diabetes in Jamaica, an understanding of the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values of beverages and food can aid dieticians in guiding consumers to choose sensibly. It is reported that consumption of low GI and GL foods may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease and obesity. However, low GI snacks/food available to diabetic patients in Jamaica are very limited. This study was conducted to develop a low GI and GL vegetable drink that could be commercialized. Methods: Ten (10) healthy Jamaican subjects (5 males and 5 females) with mean age 30 ± 2 years and mean BMI 25 ± 1 kg/m2 were recruited to the study. Using a non-blind, crossover design trial, the subjects consumed equicarbohydrate amounts (25 g of total available carbohydrate) of the vegetable (beetroot – Beta vulgaris, cucumber – Cucumis sativus and carrot – Daucus carota) drink and twice glucose as reference food (25 g of total carbohydrate). Blood glucose was determined after overnight fasting (0 hours) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the consumption of each test food. The glycemic index (GI) value was calculated geometrically by expressing the incremental area under the blood glucose curve (IAUC) as a percentage of each subject's average IAUC for the standard food. Results: The GI and GL values of the vegetable drink were found to be 34 ± 10 and 4.4, respectively. As per the Food and Agriculture Organization, GI cut-off values are as follows: low 70 and for GL, low ≤ 10, medium 10 to 20 or high ≥ 20. Hence the vegetable drink could be classified under low glycemic food/ nutrient. Conclusion: Identification of beverages and other foods with low glycemic responses may have practical applications in controlling blood glucose levels. This study provides scientific evidence of the blood glucose response of the formulated vegetable drink. The complex carbohydrates in beetroot, carrot and cucumber may be responsible for the low postprandial glycemic response. This will lead to a low demand for insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cells, which are often impaired in type 2 diabetic individuals.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A UAV BASED MAPPING SYSTEM FOR REMOTE SENSING AND SURVEYING APPLICATIONS

Abstract. In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have increasingly been used in various application areas, such as in the remote sensing or surveying. For these applications the UAV has to be equipped with a mapping sensor, which is mostly a camera. Furthermore, a georeferencing of the UAV platform and/or the acquired mapping data is required. The most efficient way to realize this georeferencing is the direct georeferencing, which is based on an onboard multi-sensor system. In recent decades, direct georeferencing systems have been researched and used extensively in airborne, ship and land vehicle applications. However, these systems cannot easily be adapted to UAV platforms, which is mainly due to weight and size limitations. In this paper a direct georeferencing system for micro- and mini-sized UAVs is presented, which consists of a dual-frequency geodetic grade OEM GPS board, a low-cost single-frequency GPS chip, a tactical grade IMU and a magnetometer. To allow for cm-level position and sub-degree attitude accuracies, RTK GPS (real-time kinematic) and GPS attitude (GPS compass) determination algorithms are running on this system, as well as a GPS/IMU integration. Beside the direct georeferencing, also the precise time synchronization of the camera, which acts as the main sensor for mobile mapping applications, and the calibration of the lever arm between the camera reference point and the direct georeferencing reference point are explained in this paper. Especially the high accurate time synchronization of the camera is very important, to still allow for high surveying accuracies, when the images are taken during the motion of the UAV. Results of flight tests demonstrate that the developed system, the camera synchronization and the lever arm calibration make directly georeferenced UAV based single point measurements possible, which have cm-level accuracies on the ground.
Does Your Facebook Profile Help You or Harm You? Examining the Effect of Information Seeking Strategies on Relational Outcomes in Social Networking Sites

Social networking sites (SNS) are becoming popular platforms for initiating relationships with unknown others, and not just for maintaining online ties with existing friends and family. When initiating relationships, the primary need is to reduce uncertainty about unknown others by getting more information about them. In this study we examined which information seeking strategy was the most effective in reducing uncertainty about people in SNS. We also examined whether using different combinations of information seeking strategies resulted in different levels of uncertainty reduction, and feelings of liking and similarity experienced towards unknown others in SNS. 49 stranger dyads participated in an experiment where they had an online conversation with each other, either before or after accessing their conversation partners’ Facebook profiles. Results indicated a strong interaction effect of time and the combination of information seeking strategies used, on levels of uncertainty, liking and similarity experienced toward conversation partners. Facebook profiles resulted in increased levels of uncertainty reduction, liking and similarity only when the profiles were accessed before having an online conversation with partners. Accessing profiles after the online conversation heightened uncertainty, and reduced liking and similarity. The contradictory role of Facebook profiles on the three relational outcome variables is discussed in the context of uncertainty reduction theory (Berger & Calabrese, 1975), social penetration theory (Altman & Taylor, 1973), Snyder and Swan’s (1978) confirmation bias, and Walther’s (1997) hyperpersonal model. Effective strategies for using SNS for fostering new relationships, as informed by theory and empirical data, are proposed.
Uncovering Disney’s Pedagogy of Classism in Their “Reality” Programming

This paper summarizes a study of reality television programming on Disney-owned cable channels. Fantasy theme analysis via symbolic convergence theory indicates that these pseudo-reality shows featuring working-class people reinforce cultural myths of the US as a meritocracy, promote neo-liberal politics, and glorify laissez faire capitalism, while masking the realities of workers’ lived experiences and the undemocratic realities of the dominant plutocratic system.
Consumer Acceptance of a New Traceability Technology: A Discrete Choice Application to Ontario Ginseng

New technologies can limit the threat of economic adulteration but consumers may not accept them. A choice experiment was used to elicit consumer preferences for ‘internal tags,’ a new technology for enhanced traceability and quality assurance. Further, two basic branding options and two signals of product origin are investigated. Results suggest consumers are accepting of products with ‘internal tags’ added and prefer a regional over a national brand. Consumer valuation of the branding options was found to be affected by the presence of one product origin signal. Implications for marketing management decisions are discussed with focus on study design.
Gender differences on ethically charged product placements : the case of tobacco products, alcoholic beverages and weapons

Abstract This study attempts to investigate how males and females aged 18 to 24 accept ethically charged products, in films shown in a cinema-type environment. The research was in the form of an exploratory study, which attempted to provide answers regarding this topic in a South African context, as previous research in this context is limited. The research was executed through the use of a questionnaire with 223 respondents were initially required to view a number scenes that were extracted from films that were targeted to this age group.
An Examination of the Diagnostic Utility of Three Dyscalculia Identification Models

Dyscalculia is a term used to describe a learning disability associated with difficulty in using, understanding, and manipulating numbers. Dyscalculia is an evident and consistent underachievement in mathematics that cannot be explained by health, sensory, intelligence, environmental factors, or as a result of poor instruction. Currently there is a debate amongst scholars regarding the most accurate model for diagnosing dyscalculia. Given the ongoing debate regarding dyscalculia diagnosis, this review of current scholarly literature was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic utility of three models of dyscalculia identification: Aptitude-Achievement Discrepancy (AAD), Response to Intervention (RTI) Low Achievement (LA). A summary of each relevant study is provided, the diagnostic utility of each identification model is discussed, and implications for future research are made. Future implications include a need for research that further explores the underlying cognitive processing deficits associated with dyscalculia, the need for extensive longitudinal studies that examine the persistence of dyscalculia throughout all grade levels, and a recommendation of a hybrid model of dyscalculia classification.
Earnings Management and Auditor Quality

This paper analyzes the relationship between a firm’s demand for different quality auditors and opportunities for earnings management.In our model, the firm simultaneously chooses the bias it introduces into its pre-audited earnings and the quality of its auditor. We show that firms that choose a highlevel of bias also choose a low-quality auditor, even though the market-maker makes a correction for the level of residual bias in audited reports. Firms that choose a low level of bias choose a high-quality auditor.We also study the effect of changes in the regulatory environment on the market equilibrium.Our analysis shows that stricter regulation leads to more firms choosing low-quality auditors, thus it is not in the interest of high quality auditors to support such measures.
Reflex Response to Passive Movement of the Two Adjacent Joints (PD and CP Joints) in the Cheliped of the Crayfish (With 4 Text-figures and 1 Table)

Title Reflex Response to Passive Movement of the Two Adjacent Joints (PD and CP Joints) in the Cheliped of the Crayfish (With 4 Text-figures and 1 Table) Author(s) MURAMOTO, Atsuko; SHIMOZAWA, Tateo Citation 北海道大學理學部紀要 = JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Series VI. ZOOLOGY, 17(3): 411-421 Issue Date 1970-09 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/27495 Type bulletin File Information 17(3)_P411-421.pdf
Software for CATV Design and Frequency Plan Optimization

The paper deals with the structure of a software medium used for design and sub-optimization of frequency plan in CATV networks, their description and design method. The software performance is described and a simple design example of energy balance of a simplified CATV network is given. The software was created in programming environment called Delphi and local optimization was made in Matlab.
Immunochemical methods for mycotoxin analysis : from radioimmunoassay to biosensors

Immunochemical methods have been used in diagnosis of diseases both for humans and animals for many years. However, wide application of these methods for analytical purpose was not initiated until the nineteen fifties when Yalow developed a radioimmunoassy for insulin. In addition to the specific antibody, the modern immunochemical methods use a sensitive marker for the analyte and a good method to separate the bound and free analyte in the specific antigen (Ag) and antibody (Ab) interaction. The assay systems became a new highly sensitive, specific and simplified versatile tool for the analysis of many biologically active substances, including low molecular contaminants such as mycotoxin. In the last four decades, new approaches to make sensitive markers have been made. For example, by conjugating the enzymes to the Ag or Ab to amplify the signal, more sensitive and versatile enzyme-immunoassay systems have been developed. With the availability of sensitive instruments, more fluorescence-tagged markers are now being used. Simplified and effective methods for the separation of free and bound species are now available. In addition to using animals for Ab production, monoclonal Ab technology was introduced. Such developments have led to a wide application of immunoassays for the analysis of contaminants in foods and agricultural products. Recent development of novel separation techniques and sensitive detection systems have led to the development of several immunochemical based biosensors. Thus, a new dimension of immunoassay system is now emerged. Whereas many types of immunoassays are now available for mycotoxins, most approaches are based on the competition of binding between unlabeled toxin in the sample and labeled toxin in the assay system for the specific binding sites of Ab molecules. Because of limited space, this review will focus only on important developments and applications of immunoassays for mycotoxins. For details, the readers should consult the original papers and recent reviews both on the overall analytical methods and immunoassays for mycotoxins. Vol. 54 (1), 2004 1 Mycotoxins Vol. 54 (1), 2004
A Signaling Model of Control Block Sales by Entrepreneurs

In this paper, we present a model in which higher-valued managers signal their value by voluntarily submitting to shareholder oversight. If a manager is willing to sell enough stock to release voting control, he is perceived to be of higher quality than if he had defensively maintained control. The implication of the model is that voluntary/control sales by insiders can be good news for the firm. This is consistent with the share-price increases that follow the deaths of entrenched managers.
A Multi Resolution Method for Detecting Defects in Fabric Images

This study proposes a novel technique for detecting defects in fabric image based on the features extracted using a new multi resolution analysis tool called Digital Curvelet Transform. The direction features of curvelet coefficients and texture features based on GLCM of curvelet coefficients act as the feature-sets for a k- nearest neighbor classifier. The validation tests on the developed algorithms were performed with images from TILDA's Textile Texture Database. A comparative study between the GLCM-based, wavelet-based and the curvelet-based techniques has also been included. The high accuracy achieved by the proposed method suggests an efficient solution for fabric defect. Furthermore, the algorithm has good robustness to white noise. Note that, this study is the first documented attempt to explore the possibilities of a new multi resolution analysis tool called digital Curvelet Transform to address the problem of fabric defect.
Comparison of Parametric and Nonparametric Modeling: Aesthetic Effect of Kamran Khavarani?s Paintings

This research is an extension of Amirmostofian, Mozayeni (2016). Our hypothesis is that Khavarani? s painting style, Abstract Romanticism, combines artistic elements that impart positive effect on viewers? psyche. Our data encompass 320 surveys. Previously, we reported three nonparametric tests results, and concluded that Khavarani? s paintings have positive effects on viewers? psyche. In this research we examine new results for six Multivariate General Linear Model (MGLM) estimations for six Khavarani? s groups. With their R2, 0.04-021, and negligible and insignificant coefficients for variables Age, Gender, and the base mood, we propose that Khavarani? s paintings influence the subjects? Mood After, the dependent variable in our model. We invoke Vartanian and Skov (2014), and recognize that subjects in the six groups experienced a meditative joy.
A Computational-Experimental Development of Vortex Generator Use for a Transitioning S-Diffuser

The development of an effective design strategy for surface-mounted vortex generator arrays in a subsonic diffuser is described in this report This strategy uses the strengths of both computational and experimental analyses to determine beneficial vortex generator locations and sizes. A parabolized Navier-Stokes solver, RNS3D, was used to establish proper placement of the vortex generators for reduction in circumferential total pressure distortion. Experimental measurements were used to determine proper vortex generator sizing to minimize total pressure recovery losses associated with vortex generator device drag. The best result achieved a 59% reduction in the distortion index DC60, with a 0.3% reduction in total pressure recovery.