Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Challenges of the Promise of Internet of Things (IoT) in Multi-Hop Communication Systems

- This paper centers around solutions for the Internet of Things (IoT) challenges in multi-hop connections and the execution of a physical layer network coding (PNC) model for relay broadcasts. For multi-hop transmission, PNC is contemplated as a vigorous solution for multi-hop packet transaction in the linear network topology. The PNC usage has numerous troubles, almost remarkably Carrier-Frequency Offsets (CFO) and timing synchronization. Within the Multiple Access (MA) phase, the relay has to acquire a signal from 2 sources, tracking the CFOs from 2 transmitters when their signals are applied to one of the principal complications. Focusing on practical and implementation concerns of PNC systems, various challenges have been covered and a Software Defined Radio (SDR); PNC technology established on Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) techniques are proposed and applied. Afterward, big computer simulation and experimental outcomes are depicted to evaluate the operation of the urged algorithms in contrast with presently applied technology.
Application of Deep Belief Network in Forest Type Identification using Hyperspectral Data

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 23 August, 2020 Accepted: 08 December, 2020 Online: 25 December, 2020 Forest mapping by remote sensing is a hot topics in forestry. At present, many researchers focus on the research of forest type classification or tree species identification using different machine learning methods and try to improve the accuracy of classification of satellite image. However, forest type classification using deep belief network (DBN) is still limited in previous literatures. Our research focuses on forest mapping in the western part of Dehua county in southern China. Most important objective was to assess the feasibility of forest mapping from hyperspectral data using deep learning. The HJ-1A hyperspectral data was adopted in this paper. We applied deep belief network and got a thematic map of four forest types, such as coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, mixed forest and nonforest. Our finding shows that optimal network depth of DBN model is 3 and best node in each layer is 256 in our experiment. Overall accuracy is 85.8% and kappa coefficient is 0.785 with best-fit parameters in DBN model, while for SVM is 73% and 0.6447 respectively. DBN obtain better performance compared with support vector machine. Furthermore, network depth and number of nodes in each hidden layer in DBN model has a significant effect on overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient. In general, DBN is promised to be dominant method of forest mapping by hyperspectral data.
The effectiveness of the resiliency training on the perceived stress and coping strategies of the mothers of the children with autism

Materials and Methods: This study is quasi-experimental with the pretest-posttest design and the control group. The population of this study is consisted of all of the mothers of the autistic children who are aged between 3 to 10 years old and received services at the Tehran Autism Center in 2018. The study sample is consisted of 30 mothers who were selected by the convenient sampling method, and were randomly assigned into the study (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The Coping with Stressful Conditions Scale of Endler and Parker (1990) and the Perceived Stress Scale of Cohen et al. (1983) were used in order to collect the data. The Resiliency training was given to the study group in nine sessions, and each session lasted for one hour. The SPSS-22 statistical software was used for the data analysis.
Carrier Lifetime Analysis by Photoconductance Decay and Free Carrier Absorption Measurements

High-power devices require a thick silicon layer with high resistivity to achieve high breakdown voltages. In order to optimize the turn-on and turn-off behavior of these devices, precise adjustment of the carrier lifetime is necessary, together with knowledge of its dependence on process parameters and operation conditions (e.g., temperature and injection level). We have therefore analyzed the carrier lifetime of the starting material (float-zone silicon) as well as processed devices that have both been either doped with transition metals (Pt, Au, Fe) or irradiated with electrons, using two different measurement techniques based on photoconductivity decay and free carrier absorption measurements.
SURVIVAL TREE SCORE: A NOVEL APPROACH TO PREDICT MORTALITY IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS

Although Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is adopted worldwide for liver transplant allocation, but it has prognostic limitations. The aim of this study was to apply the survival tree analysis to evaluate interaction between variables related to mortality in cirrhotics patients enlisted for liver transplantation, and to develop a new mortality predictive score. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of cirrhotic patients waiting for liver transplantation during a 12-year period were considered. Charts from 765 patients were reviewed. The interaction between prognostic covariates was obtained using a survival tree analysis. In order to develop the predictive score, Cox regression analysis was performed applying significant data obtained by the survival tree analysis. The prognostic covariates evaluated in the survival tree were MELD score, Child-Pugh score, serum sodium, viral disease etiology, hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and generated a coefficient for each. Based on the survival tree analysis, MELD = 15 was the primary root variable (p<0.001). The survival tree provided eight prognostic groups. The higher mortality hazard ratio (HR) risk was observed in the MELD >28 group (HR= 16.7). The new score (Survival Tree Score – STS) was obtained according to the coefficients provided. The STS prognostic performance was superior to MELD score (AUROC 0.713 vs 0.653, p<0.001). STS, could be a useful tool to accurately identify individual mortality risk in advanced liver disease.
Relações de atributos do solo e estabilidade de agregados em canaviais com e sem vinhaça

Realizou-se este estudo com o objetivo de se avaliar o efeito da aplicacao da vinhaca na estabilidade dos agregados e nos indices de agregacao do solo e nas correlacoes das propriedades fisicas do solo em areas cultivadas com cana-de-acucar no litoral sul do estado de Pernambuco. As amostras de solo foram coletadas nas camadas de 0-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m, em 12 areas com e sem aplicacao de vinhaca. Analises foram realizadas para caracterizacao do solo e tambem para determinacao da argila dispersa em agua, grau de floculacao das argilas, carbono orgânico total e materia orgânica do solo. A estabilidade dos agregados estaveis em agua foi calculada por meio dos indices de agregacao: diâmetro medio ponderado (DMP), modulo de finura (MF) e percentagem de agregados >2,00 mm (AGRI) que apresentaram diferenca significativa na avaliacao das areas com e sem aplicacao de vinhaca. Nas areas com vinhaca o carbono orgânico total apresentou melhores correlacoes com os indicadores DMP, AGRI e MF e as maiores percentagens de agregados estaveis em agua > 2,00 mm ocorreram na profundidade de 0-0,20 m, nas areas com vinhaca.
Identification of Protease Inhibition Mechanism by Iturin A against Agriculture Cutworm (Spodoptera litura) by Homology Modeling and Molecular Dynamics

Spodoptera litura, otherwise known as cutworm, belongs to the Noctuidae tribe, which is a severe scourge for numerous crop systems and is considered one of Asian tropical agriculture's most important insects. The world's leading environmental threats are plant pests, and the already commercialized pesticides are extremely poisonous and non-biodegradable and maybe additional residues harmful to the ecosystem. The increased resistance in pests often demands the need for advanced, active pesticides that are environmentally friendly and biodegradable. In the current work, the significance of proteases for the Spodoptera litura digestive system has been determined by the use of microbial metabolite protease inhibitor (Iturin A) in silico models. In the present study, we developed a model based on sequence structural alignment of known crystal structure 2D1I protease from Homo sapiens. The model's reliability evaluation was performed using programs such as PROCHECK, WHAT IF, PROSA, Validate 3D, ERRAT, etc. In an attempt to find new inhibitors for Protease docking, the study was carried out with Iturin A. PMDB ID for the produced protease model was submitted to identify new inhibitors for Protease docking, and its accession number is PM0082285. The detailed study of enzyme-inhibitor interactions identified similar core residues; GLU215, LEU216, LYS217, and GLU237 have demonstrated their role in the binding efficacy of ligands. The latest homology modeling and docking experiments on the protease model will provide useful insight knowledge for the logical approach of constructing a wide spectrum of novel insecticide against Spodoptera.
Motivational orientations of English as foreign language (EFL) learners: A case study in Kuwait

The present study aims to find the motivational orientations of EFL in the university students of Kuwait and to examine if the western inspired theories of motivation i.e. self-determination theory of motivation is related to the Kuwaiti EFL students or not. Motivation for the present study is used in the context of the language learning, which shows the student’s cause of acting in a particular way. The sample of the present study consists of 885 university students. The data collected from these students were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis with the varimax rotation. The study found that there are three motivational orientations of the students of Kuwait; extrinsic, international and intrinsic orientation.
Key Factors of Successful Corporate Environmental Practice in Selected Malaysia Public Listed Companies

Today, the issue of corporate environmental practice has been discussed extensively in research and operation because the future of sustainability is at stake. Thus, this paper’s objectives are 1) to understand the corporate environmental practice and 2) to determine the key factors of successful corporate environmental practice. Data were gathered from semi-structured interviews with representatives from several prominent Public Listed Companies (PLCs) in Malaysia, which are the pioneer in this area. Findings from this study reveal that companies should have clear environmental guidelines, and most importantly enhanced data governance for greater corporate environmental practice. The conclusion discusses the continuous improvement in navigating and planning future research. Keywords: Corporate environmental practics; Operationalisation, Data governance; Resilience eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15. 2421.
The Effect of Distance-Based Speed Control on User Behaviours in Telepresence Robot Navigation within Dense Conference-Like Environments

Telepresence robots allow users to be spatially and socially present in remote environments. Yet, it can be challenging to remotely operate telepresence robots, especially in dense environments such as academic conferences or workplaces. In this paper, we primarily focus on the effect that a speed control method, which automatically slows the telepresence robot down when getting closer to obstacles, has on user behaviors. In our first user study, participants drove the robot through a static obstacle course with narrow sections. Results indicate that the automatic speed control method significantly decreases the number of collisions. For the second study we designed a more naturalistic, conference-like experimental environment with tasks that require social interaction, and collected subjective responses from the participants when they were asked to navigate through the environment. While about half of the participants preferred automatic speed control because it allowed for smoother and safer navigation, others did not want to be influenced by an automatic mechanism. Overall, the results suggest that automatic speed control simplifies the user interface for telepresence robots in static dense environments, but should be considered as optionally available, especially in situations involving social interactions.
Approximate solution of nonlinear ordinary differential equation using ZZ decomposition method

Nonlinear initial value problems are somewhat difficult to solve analytically as well as numerically related to linear initial value problems as their variety of natures. Because of this, so many scientists still searching for new methods to solve such nonlinear initial value problems. However there are many methods to solve it. In this article we have discussed about the approximate solution of nonlinear first order ordinary differential equation using ZZ decomposition method. This method is a combination of the natural transform method and Adomian decomposition method.
“Q-Trading”: Learning to Scalp Using Order Book Features

In this report, I explore the feasibility of using Q-learning to train a high-frequency trading (HFT) agent that can capitalize on short-term price ﬂuctuations, using only order book features as inputs. I propose a speciﬁc functional form for the agent’s value function based on domain-speciﬁc intuition and evaluate the performance of Q-learning trading algorithms by replaying historical Bitcoin-USD exchange rate data through a “naive” market simulator
A STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW OF TOURIST DECISION-MAKING LITERATURE

How tourists choose a destination for their future vacation is one of the key questions in tourism research. Over the past six decades, tourism has experienced continued expansion and diversification, to become one of the largest and fastest-growing economic sectors in the world. The intense competition between traditional and emerging tourism destinations requires tourism marketers to improve their knowledge about the tourist decision-making process. Understanding how tourists decide and plan their trips results in important implications for future product development and promotional schemes (Chen, 2003) as well as marketing strategies (Sirakaya & Woodside, 2005). There is a growing research base of theoretical and empirical studies on tourist destination choice and tourist decisionmaking over the last five decades (Smallman & Moore, 2010). A STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW OF TOURIST DECISION-MAKING LITERATURE
The effect of frozen storage of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) on its quality when hot‐smoked

Whole mackerel (Scomber scombrus) were frozen using a horizontal plate freezer, wrapped in plastic bags and frozen stored at -20 o C. At suitable intervals (11, 22 and 33 weeks) the fish were removed from the cold store and subsequently hot smoked (in gutted from) using an AFOS-Torry Mini Kiln. All smoked mackerel samples, despite their different previous histories, were assessed by the panellists as moderately acceptable products in terms of their texture and flavour, even after 33 weeks frozen storage prior to smoking. Protein denaturation, as related to salt-soluble protein, was influenced by the frozen storage history (24% drop after 33 weeks frozen storage) and seemed to be affected by the free amino acids formed during frozen storage. After smoking the denaturation was extensive (above 80%) in all mackerel samples. Lipid oxidation was quite extensive (PV 108 meq kg -1 ) in the 22 and 33 weeks frozen stored mackerel samples. However, no rancid flavour in the latter smoked mackerel samples was detected by taste panellists. A 58% increase in free amino acids during frozen storage was observed. Extensive losses of 74% in available lysine were observed in the 22 and 33 weeks frozen stored mackerel samples after smoking which could be due to aminocarbonyl reactions with the products of lipid oxidation. A 40% loss of thiamine was observed in the 33 weeks frozen stored samples after smoking. The histamine contents did not exceed 94 mg kg -1 and would not be expected to cause symptoms of scombrotoxin poisoning
OP-CBIO150365 3189..3197

Motivation: There is a need for effective automated methods for profiling dynamic cell–cell interactions with single-cell resolution from high-throughput time-lapse imaging data, especially, the interactions between immune effector cells and tumor cells in adoptive immunotherapy. Results: Fluorescently labeled human T cells, natural killer cells (NK), and various target cells (NALM6, K562, EL4) were co-incubated on polydimethylsiloxane arrays of sub-nanoliter wells (nanowells), and imaged using multi-channel time-lapse microscopy. The proposed cell segmentation and tracking algorithms account for cell variability and exploit the nanowell confinement property to increase the yield of correctly analyzed nanowells from 45% (existing algorithms) to 98% for wells containing one effector and a single target, enabling automated quantification of cell locations, morphologies, movements, interactions, and deaths without the need for manual proofreading. Automated analysis of recordings from 12 different experiments demonstrated automated nanowell delineation accuracy >99%, automated cell segmentation accuracy >95%, and automated cell tracking accuracy of 90%, with default parameters, despite variations in illumination, staining, imaging noise, cell morphology, and cell clustering. An example analysis revealed that NK cells efficiently discriminate between live and dead targets by altering the duration of conjugation. The data also demonstrated that cytotoxic cells display higher motility than non-killers, both before and during contact. Contact: broysam@central.uh. edu or nvaradar@central.uh. edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Abscisic acid utilizing rhizobacteria disturb nitrogen-fixing symbiosis of pea Pisum sativum L.

Rhizosphere bacteria are capable of utilizing various phytohormones (particularly auxins) as nutrients and thereby affect plant growth, nutrition and interactions with symbiotic microorganisms. Here, for the first time we evaluated the effects of rhizosphere bacteria Novosphingobium sp. P6W and Rhodococcus sp. P1Y capable of utilizing abscisic acid (ABA) on growth and nitrogen-fixing symbiosis of pea (Pisum sativum L.) line SGE and its Cd-insensitive mutant SGECdt using hydroponic culture. The plants were co-inoculated with the ABA-utilizing bacteria and nodule bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae RCAM1066. Treatment with cadmium (Cd) was applied as an inducer of ABA biosynthesis in plants. In the presence of only nodule bacteria, Cd significantly inhibited the growth of roots and shoots and also decreased the nodule number and nitrogen-fixing activity in SGE peas, but not in the SGECdt mutant. Inoculation with ABA-utilizing bacteria also inhibited biomass production, nodulation and nitrogen-fixation of Cd-untreated SGE plants. This negative effect of bacteria on the SGECdt mutant was less pronounced. Contrary to this, ABA-utilizing bacteria had no effect on SGE plants treated with Cd, but decreased shoot biomass and nitrogen-fixing activity of the SGECdt mutant. Inoculation with ABA-utilizing bacteria had no effect on shoot Cd and nutrient content of both pea genotypes, suggesting that bacterial effects on plants were not associated with the plant nutrient status. We propose that the bacteria counteracted the increased ABA concentrations in SGE roots caused by Cd due to utilization of this phytohormone. However, opposite processes aimed at inhibiting and stimulating growth and legume–rhizobia symbiosis can be caused by the ABA-utilizing bacteria.
Sick Leave Availing Pattern, Reasons and Their Association of Socio-demographic Factors among Private University Staff in Kedah State, Malaysia

Aim: This study intends to investigate the 1) sick leave (SL) availing pattern, 2) the reasons for availing sick leave, and to evaluate 3) the association of sick leave with socio-demographic factors among a private University staff. Study Design: A retrospective descriptive study design was employed in this study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in a private University clinic, Kedah state, Malaysia among the University staff between September, 2018 and May, 2019. Methodology: The data was obtained retrospectively from the University clinic, staff medical records between September, 2017 and August, 2018 (data retrieval period of employees) using a standardized, pre-validated data collection form consisting of socio-demographic data, SL data and reasons for SL. All temporary, permanent and contract employees belonging to academic, administrative and ancillary cadre were included in the study. Original Research Article Ali et al.; AJRNH, 3(1): 1-9, 2020; Article no.AJRNH. 55153 2 Results: A total of 78% (274/350) staff records met the inclusion criteria and 22% excluded for not completing service for one academic year of the study. The average age of the study population were 36 to 45 years, 80% were of Indian ethnicity, academic and ancillary staff comprised of 52% and 39% respectively. About 31% (85/274) of the study population did not avail any SL, whereas, 69% (189/274) were involved in at-least one SL during the study period. The study observed significant association (P < .001) between SL availed (31%) and SL not availed (69%) categories. The maximum sick leave availed during the study period was 74% (63/85) among 36 to 45 years. There was no significant association among SL availing pattern and socio-demographic factors. However, there were significant association between profession and country of origin under sick leave categories and socio-demographic factors (P <.05). Among the sick leave availed population, 36% (68/189) availed sick leave due to cough, fever, flu, sore throat or oral ulcer, 26% (49/189) due to abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain or dysmenorrhea and 18% (34/189) due to diarrhoea and vomiting respectively. Conclusion: Further investigation on sick leave utilization should be continued at the structural, organizational and individual levels. The increases of sick leave among young employees were considerably high and should be studied further. The increase in sick leave utilization among women is still unexplained as no research or data identified to explain it. Motivated, satisfied and fulfilled employees are far less likely to be sick and tired of work.