Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Clustering for Big Data using Mapreduce in Hadoop Using Batch Updates

:- Distributed Data Mining is most popular data analytics approach to solve problems occurs to handle them and there is also a solution for that but still they are not as per expectation. still there are some issues in the Distributed Data Mining, among them mainly we are focus on reducing computational cost. Map Reduce is a software framework that allows certain kinds of parallelizable or distributable problems involving large data sets to be solved using computing clusters. This System introduces our experience of grouping internet users by mining a huge volume of web access log of up to 500 gigabytes. The application is realized using hierarchical clustering algorithms with Map Reduce, a parallel processing framework over clusters. However, the immediate implementation of the algorithms suffers from efficiency problem for both inadequate memory and higher execution time. To reduce the memory requirement for the large size of features, Co-occurrence based feature selection technique is proposed. We also proposed a new fully distributed an architecture to implement the Map Reduce programming model. Nodes pull for job assignments and global status in order to determine their individual actions. The architecture also uses queues to shuffle results from Map to Reduce.
Genomic identification of putative allergen genes in woodland strawberry ( Fragaria vesca ) and mandarin orange ( Citrus clementina )

Although many fruits are plant-derived healthy foods, they may harbor a series of allergenic proteins. Based on biochemical and molecular biological approaches, a number of allergens have been identified and characterized in Rosaceae family fruits, such as apple and peach. However, our understanding of the allergens from the Rosoideae subfamily and the Rutaceae family is very limited. Therefore, in this study, we identified gene families, including pathogenesis-related protein 10 (PR-10), non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP), and profilin as allergens in Fragaria vesca (woodland strawberry) and Citrus clementina (mandarin orange). Using comprehensive analysis, we identified 25 putative allergen genes from woodland strawberry and eight mandarin orange genome sequences. The analysis of functional annotation indicated that these allergens have complex physiological roles that are involved in plant defense and plant development. Although further functional analysis of these allergens though the analysis of cross-reactivity of immunoglobulin E antibody to these allergens will be required, our comparative genomic analysis of the allergen genes and encoded proteins in woodland strawberry and mandarin orange provides a basis for future research on developing low-allergenic cultivars without compromising the natural defense of plants.
Electromagnetic surface modes in one-dimensional photonic crystals with dispersive metamaterials

We study the electromagnetic surface modes supported by the interface between semi-infinite one-dimensional photonic crystals composed of dispersive metamaterials and a homogeneous medium in the presence of the cap layer. A new type of surface mode is found in such structure, and these surface modes can exhibit strong resonance at the first period of the photonic crystal. These resonant surface modes originate from the material dispersion. Another type of surface mode with structural resonance can appear in the thick cap layer. The influences of physical parameters of the structure on the surface modes have also been investigated.
The Effect of Drop-Landing Height on Tibia Bone Strain

Athletes and military recruits are often afflicted by stress fractures. Rigorous training programs consisting of increased repetitive mechanical loading may contribute to the high incidence of tibia stress fracture in the athletic and army populations. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of incremented height on tibia bone strains and strain rates during landing. Seven healthy college males performed drop-landing tasks from 26 cm, 39 cm, and 52 cm, respectively. Tibia bone strains and strain rates were obtained through subject-specific multi-body dynamic computer simulations and finite element analyses. One-way repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted. Both 39 cm and 52 cm conditions resulted in larger tibia bone strains and strain rates than the 26 cm condition. The 52 cm condition also resulted in greater bone strains and strain rates than the 39 cm condition. A dose-response relationship exists between incremented landing height and bone strains and strain rates. Activities consisting of high impact landings are associated with increased risk of developing tibia stress fracture. When designing training programs involved high impact activities, athletes and military recruits should consider the effect of impact loading on tibia bone health and giving enough time for bones to adapt to new trainings.
Edible plants as a source of antitubercular agents

Tuberculosis is a chronic contagious disease caused by numerous species of mycobacterium. Due to multi-drug resistant strains of mycobacterium and to a high occurrence of tuberculosis in patients who have acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the number of patients infected with the disease is rising worldwide. Thus there is an urgent need for new efficient antimycobacterial agents to replace those currently in use. Presently, Pharmaceutical and nutritional sciences have perceived a bloom in the scientific literature geared towards the use of food plants for their diversified health benefits and potential clinical applications. Health specialists now identify that a synergism of drug therapy and nutrition might deliberate optimum outcomes in the fight against diseases. The prophylactic benefits of food plants are being investigated for potential use as novel medicinal remedies due to the presence of pharmacologically active compounds. Although the availability of scientific data is rapidly growing, there is still a paucity of updated compilation of data and concerns about the rationale of these healthfoods still persist in the literature.The plant kingdom is undoubtedly an important source for new antitubercular agents. The present review article reports the findings of edible plants that have been reported for antimycobacterial/antitubercular activity. The profiles of plants presented in this review may include information about the scientific and family name, plant parts and bioassay used, the range of activity (MIC), and the active chemical agents and extracts. The large number of plants described in this review (82 plant species belonging to 40 families) clearly demonstrated the importance of edible plants in antimycobacterial activity. This work stimulates the researchers for further research on the potential use of edible plants having antitubercular activity. An attempt has been made to highlight those promising edible plant species which are worthy of further exploration as leads for drug development. The potential challenges of incorporating these medicinal foods in the diet which offers prospective opportunities for future drug development are also discussed.
Genetic variation in germination, growth, and survivorship of red maple in response to subambient through elevated atmospheric CO2

Genetic variation in plant response to atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) may have influenced paleo‐vegetation dynamics and could determine how future elevated CO2 drives plant evolution and ecosystem productivity. We established how levels of relatedness – the maternal family, population, and provenance – affect variation in the CO2 response of a species. This 2‐year growth chamber experiment focused on the germination, growth, biomass allocation, and survivorship responses of Acer rubrum to four concentrations of CO2: 180, 270, 360, and 600 μL L−1– representing Pleistocene through potential future conditions. We found that all levels of relatedness interacted with CO2 to contribute to variation in response. Germination responses to CO2 varied among families and populations, growth responses depended on families and regions of origin, and survivorship responses to CO2 were particularly affected by regional identities. Differences among geographic regions accounted for 23% of the variation in biomass response to CO2. If seeds produced under subambient CO2 conditions behave similarly, our results suggest that A. rubrum may have experienced strong selection on seedling survivorship at Pleistocene CO2 levels. Further, this species may evolve in response to globally rising CO2 so as to increase productivity above that experimentally observed today. Species responses to future atmospheric CO2 and the accompanying biotic effects on the global carbon cycle will vary among families, populations, and provenances.
QAM Bulks Up Once Again : Modulation to the Power of Ten

The use of 256-QAM has become more prevalent in cable systems, as both a video and data modulation. With its eight bits per digital symbol (8 bits/symbol), it offers the highest bandwidth efficiency available today among digital cable signals. Expectations are that 256-QAM will evolve to become a dominant modulation format of the digital multiplex. With the value of bandwidth at a premium, particularly based on bandwidth consumption trends of the past, it is of continued interest to find techniques that increase throughput capability. In HFC systems, there are various ways to create more bandwidth, such as increasing fiber counts, implementing equipment segmentation in the plant, adding wavelengths, or improving compression techniques in digital television signals. The migration of 64-QAM, which represents 6 bits/symbol, to 256-QAM and its 8 bits/symbol, provides 33% more efficient bandwidth usage. Of course, this is at the expense of a higher SNR requirement, as well as increased sensitivity to other impairments, such as phase noise and interference. Fortunately, outstanding features of the cable channel include its very high SNR and its excellent linearity characteristics, each because of the need to support analog video. However, the theoretical capacity of a 6 MHz channel with a 45 dB SNR is actually about 90 Mbps, and, yet, for 256-QAM, the transmission rate works out to only about 40 Mbps, and a fraction of this is consumed by error correction overhead.
Germination patterns in three terrestrial orchids relate to abundance of mycorrhizal fungi

The spatial distribution of plants, which is often generated by patterns of seed recruitment, is an important determinant of population dynamics, especially for orchids with seeds that must be exposed to appropriate mycorrhizal fungi. We compared the distribution and abundance of target mycorrhizal fungi detected in the soil using DNA‐based molecular techniques and germination in seed packets of Goodyera pubescens, Liparis liliifolia and Tipularia discolor. We further examined Tulasnella spp. associated with G. pubescens to determine whether areas with abundant host fungi resulted from multiple genets of the same species or from a single widespread fungal genet. We found that target fungi were more likely to be detected using soil DNA assays than by seed germination. Based on soil DNA, fungi were more widespread than suggested by seed germination, which most often reflected the presence of abundant mycorrhizal fungi in the soil. Fungi were more likely to be abundant close to established orchids. Established plants of G. pubescens that were < 50 cm apart associated with a single abundant fungal genet, while those > 50 cm apart associated with multiple fungal genets. Synthesis. This study demonstrates the importance of using multiple methods to detect the distribution and abundance of target fungi and suggests that fungal ‘hot spots’ may be keys to the dynamics of orchid populations.
The Fragile X Syndrome Protein Represses Activity-Dependent Translation through CYFIP 1 , a New 4 EBP

Ilaria Napoli,1,2,3 Valentina Mercaldo,2,3 Pietro Pilo Boyl,3 Boris Eleuteri,2 Francesca Zalfa,2,4 Silvia De Rubeis,1,3 Daniele Di Marino,1 Evita Mohr,5 Marzia Massimi,6 Mattia Falconi,1 Walter Witke,6 Mauro Costa-Mattioli,7 Nahum Sonenberg,7 Tilmann Achsel,2,3 and Claudia Bagni2,3,4,* 1Department of Biology, University ‘‘Tor Vergata,’’ 00133 Rome, Italy 2Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy 3Department of Molecular and Developmental Genetics/VIB11, Catholic University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium 4Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University ‘‘Tor Vergata,’’ 00133 Rome, Italy 5Department of Anatomy ICellular Neurobiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany 6European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Mouse Biology Unit, 00016 Rome, Italy 7Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal QC H3G 1V6, Canada *Correspondence: claudia.bagni@med.kuleuven. be DOI 10.1016/j.cell. 2008.07. 031
Applications of Multi-Level Pattern Learning to Traffic Scene Interpretation and Anomaly Detection

The availability of surveillance cameras and the development of video analysis tools enable extracting massive amounts of positional data of road users to further analyze their behaviour. This paper is motivated by the need for automatic and unsupervised methods to handle “big (video) data” for scene interpretation. At the beginning, an existing open source video analysis tool is used. A smoothing algorithm is developed for the extracted trajectories and its performance is evaluated quantitatively. The performance measure is improved by 86-95 % for all road users, up to 97 % for vehicles, and only up to 80-86 % for pedestrians. A multi-level motion pattern learning (MLMP) framework is proposed and validated for automated scene interpretation and anomalous behaviour detection. A comprehensive experimental analysis of three intersections demonstrates the framework abilities in several ways: it reduces the computation cost up to 90 % for motion pattern learning, connects incomplete trajectories with performance accuracy up to 97 %, removes outliers from trajectory dataset, and detects anomalous events such as abnormal left turn, improper turns, and excessive speed.
Computer-Aided Design Feature-aware Partitions from Motorcycle Graph

Today’s quad-meshing techniques generate high-quality quadrilateral meshes whose extraordinary vertices (i.e., not four-valence vertices except on the boundary) are generally located in highly curved regions. The motorcycle graph (MCG) algorithm of Eppstein et al. can be used to generate structured partitions of such quadrilateral meshes. However, it is not always possible for it to capture feature curves in the highly-curved parts of the model on the partition boundaries because model geometry is not taken into account. This study investigated feature-aware algorithms representing extensions of the MCG algorithm. Initial partitioning is first performed using a speed control algorithm identical to the MCG algorithm except that it assigns variable rather than constant speed to particles. Partition boundaries are then improved via local path flipping operations. The MCG algorithm and the speed control algorithm are intended to trace as many feature curves as possible, but do not necessarily trace all of them. For this reason, feature curves are extracted and integrated into the proposed framework by adding seeds located at ordinary vertices in addition to extraordinary seeds. The proposed algorithm generates partitions that are still structured, and has been tested with quadrilateral mesh models generated using the mixed integer quadrangulation technique of Bommes et al. c © 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Fission cross section calculations of actinides with EMPIRE code

The cross sections of the neutron induced reactions on {sup 233,234,236}U, {sup 237}Np, {sup 238,242}Pu, {sup 241,243}Am, {sup 242,246}Cm carried out in the energy range 1 keV-20 MeV with EMPIRE code are presented, emphasizing the fission channel. Beside a consistent, accurate set of evaluations, the paper contains arguments supporting the choice of the reaction models and input parameters. A special attention is paid to the fission parameters and their uncertainties.
Less Conservative Consensus of Multi-agent Systems with Generalized Lipschitz Nonlinear Dynamics

This paper addresses the problem of consensus of multi-agent systems with general Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics. The goal of this note was to introduce a design approach. We take advantage of the structure of the part of the non-linearity and inequality scaling technology. The advantage of the developed approach was that it was significantly less conservative than other previously published results for Lipschitz systems. A numerical example was presented to show the superiority of this letter. KeywordsConsensus, Less Conservative Condition, Lipschitz Nonlinear Dynamics, Multi-agent Systems
Software Veriﬁcation and Validation Laboratory:

—Deﬁning and addressing security and privacy requirements in mobile apps is a signiﬁcant challenge due to the high level of transparency regarding users’ (private) information. In this paper, we propose, apply, and assess a modeling method that supports the speciﬁcation of security and privacy requirements of mobile apps in a structured and analyzable form. Our motivation is that, in many contexts including mobile app development, use cases are common practice for the elicitation and analysis of functional requirements and should also be adapted for describing security requirements. We integrate and adapt an existing approach for modeling security and privacy requirements in terms of security threats, their mitigations, and their relations to use cases in a misuse case diagram. We introduce new security-related templates, i.e., a mitigation template and a misuse case template for specifying mitigation schemes and misuse case speciﬁcations in a structured and analyzable manner. Natural language processing can then be used to automatically detect and report inconsistencies among artifacts and between the templates and speciﬁcations. Since our approach supports stakeholders in precisely specifying and checking security threats, threat scenarios and their mitigations, it is expected to help with decision making and compliance with standards for improving security. We successfully applied our approach to industrial mobile apps and report lessons learned and results from structured interviews with engineers.
Cyber victimization and adjustment difficulties: The mediation of Chinese and American adolescents' digital technology usage

Researchers have focused on identifying factors which might reduce the negative consequences associated with cyber victimization. One prominent factor receiving attention is the role of parental mediation in adolescents’ digital technology usage, and how such mediation reduces the risk of cyber victimization. Less attention has focused on different mitigating agents (i.e., teachers, friends) and their influence on adolescents’ cyber victimization. Another area that has received little attention is the buffering effects of different mitigating agents on the psychosocial adjustment difficulties (i.e., depression, loneliness, anxiety) associated with cyber victimization. To address this gap in the literature, the present study investigated the role of different mitigating agents (i.e., parents, teachers, friends) in buffering against the psychosocial adjustment difficulties associated with cyber victimization among 483 Chinese (49% female) and 467 American (52% female) adolescents in the eighth grade (ages ranging from 13-15). Findings revealed that all adolescents experienced more mediation by their parents, with Chinese adolescents reporting more parental mediation when compared to American adolescents. Chinese adolescents also reported more teacher mediation, while American adolescents experienced more friend mediation. In addition, high levels of parental mediation made the relationship of cyber victimization to depression and anxiety more negative for both Chinese and American adolescents. The relationships of cyber victimization to depression and anxiety were moderated by teacher mediation for Chinese adolescents, whereas this pattern was not found for American adolescents. On the other hand, friend mediation moderated the relationship of cyber victimization to depression and anxiety for American adolescents, but not for Chinese adolescents. The results of this study are discussed in terms of cultural values and how such values alter the role of adults and friends in adolescents’ lives.
Significance of atmospheric inputs of calcium over the southwestern Mediterranean region: High mountain lakes as tools for detection

We quantified dry and wet atmospheric deposition of calcium over the southwest Mediterranean region and we assessed its impact on calcium dynamics of two high mountain lakes differing in morphometry and catchment characteristics. Atmospheric deposition of Ca averaged 40 mmol m−2 yr−1, and it showed a seasonal pattern similar to that reported for Saharan dust export to the Mediterranean region, with maxima during spring and summer. Ca enrichment from nonmarine sources was significantly related to the TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) aerosol index. Atmospheric inputs significantly affected Ca concentration of the selected lakes, which do not presumably receive significant Ca inputs from weathering. The intensity of the effect depended on their corresponding sensitivities to evaporation. Total atmospheric inputs of Ca to each study lake catchment (11300 and 3100 moles) were enough to explain the lake Ca content (5400 and 111 moles, respectively). The results obtained in this study reveal that atmospheric inputs, particularly Saharan dust deposition, may be a significant source of calcium to remote mountain lakes.
Tumor-Associated Autoantibodies: Re-Optimization of EarlyCDT-Lung Diagnostic Performance and Its Application to Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules

Background: Low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening reduces lung cancer mortality but costs are prohibitive for most healthcare budgets due to high false positive rates. An adjunctive test able to distinguish malignant from benign pulmonary nodules would be hugely beneficial. EarlyCDT-Lung measures serum autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens and has found clinical acceptance to aid early detection of lung cancer for high risk patients. However performance was optimized for screening. The construction of a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve would enable optimization of performance for alternative settings, including nodule malignancy. Methods: A Monte-Carlo search method was used to construct a ROC curve using a case-control cohort, enabling high and low specificity versions of EarlyCDT-Lung to be determined. These were used for a theoretical evaluation of a nodule cohort, and positive predictive value (PPV) was calculated under the assumption of independence of risk source. Patients or their nodules are typically classified into three risk groups: low (0% - 10%), intermediate (10% - 65%) and high (>65%) risk of malignancy. The predicted shift in risk group by application of the high and low specificity versions, along with the current commercial EarlyCDT-Lung, was then estimated. Results: The ROC curve, with an area under the curve of 0.743, was constructed. The high specificity (98%), low specificity (49%) and current commercial (91% specificity) versions of EarlyCDT-Lung re-classified 27%, 23% and 26% of intermediate nodules, respectively, to either a higher (10%, 8% and 10%) or lower (17%, 15% and 16%) risk group. Conclusion: A ROC curve was constructed to allow performance prediction of EarlyCDT-Lung at different specificities in the indeterminate nodule setting. This enabled risk re-classification of intermediate risk nodules, and could therefore facilitate alternative more appropriate intervention. We have shown how a multivariate biomarker test can add to the interpretation of pulmonary nodules and therefore aid patient management.