Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TNFα drives the proliferation and inflammatory response, but not regenerative potential of Müller cells in the mouse retina

Background Mouse Müller cells, considered dormant retinal progenitors, respond to retinal injury by undergoing reactive gliosis rather than displaying regenerative responses. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a key cytokine induced after injury, and implicated in mediating inflammatory and regenerative responses. However, the molecular events driving reactive gliosis and regenerative responses in Müller cells, and the role of TNFα in these processes, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of TNFα on Müller cell responses following injury. Methods To investigate the involvement of TNFα in retinal injury, adult C57BL/6J mice were subjected to treatment with light (5,000 lux) for 14 consecutive days; induction of TNFα was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). TNFα effects on Müller-cell proliferation were evaluated via 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation in culture. TNFα-mediated gene profile changes were examined using Affymetrix microarray, and gene ontology analysis was carried out to define the molecular pathways involved. Gene- and protein-expression changes were further verified by qPCR, western blot, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results We showed that TNFα induced Müller cell proliferation and the expression of inflammatory and proliferation-related genes, including NFKBIA, Leukemia inhibitory factor, Interleukin-6, Janus kinase (Jak) 1, Jak2, Signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 1, Stat2, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) 7, and MAP4K4. Blockade of Jak/Stat and MAPK pathways attenuated TNFα-induced Müller cell proliferation. Moreover, we detected TNFα drove A1 phenotype-reactive gliosis, while Wnt attenuated TNFα-mediated induction of A1 phenotype and promoted an A2-like phenotype. Conclusion In Müller cells, TNFα triggered primarily inflammatory and reactive gliosis by activating Jak/Stat and MAPK-pathways without inducing progenitor cell/regeneration-related genes. Wnt signaling suppressed inflammation, and induced proliferation and expression of progenitor-cell genes in Müller cells. These results suggest that reactive gliosis and regenerative responses in Müller cells are regulated by independent mechanisms. Our study provides new insights into regulation of inflammatory and regenerative responses of Müller cells in the injured retina
The State of the Art in Intrusion Prevention and Detection

The State of the Art in Intrusion Prevention and Detection analyzes the latest trends and issues surrounding intrusion detection systems in computer networks, especially in communications networks. Its broad scope of coverage includes wired, wireless, and mobile networks; next-generation converged networks; and intrusion in social networks.Presenting cutting-edge research, the book presents novel schemes for intrusion detection and prevention. It discusses tracing back mobile attackers, secure routing with intrusion prevention, anomaly detection, and AI-based techniques. It also includes information on physical intrusion in wired and wireless networks and agent-based intrusion surveillance, detection, and prevention. The book contains 19 chapters written by experts from 12 different countries that provide a truly global perspective.The text begins by examining traffic analysis and management for intrusion detection systems. It explores honeypots, honeynets, network traffic analysis, and the basics of outlier detection. It talks about different kinds of IDSs for different infrastructures and considers new and emerging technologies such as smart grids, cyber physical systems, cloud computing, and hardware techniques for high performance intrusion detection.The book covers artificial intelligence-related intrusion detection techniques and explores intrusion tackling mechanisms for various wireless systems and networks, including wireless sensor networks, WiFi, and wireless automation systems. Containing some chapters written in a tutorial style, this book is an ideal reference for graduate students, professionals, and researchers working in the field of computer and network security.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF DIGITAL HYDRAULICS IN A QUADRUPED ROBOT LEG

ABSTRACT cylinders and/or This paper presents an investigation of the performance of digital hydraulic actuation in robot applications. The research compares two different hydraulic actuation systems, utilizing servo and digital hydraulic valves, developed to drive leg one of a hydraulic quadruped robot (HyQ). Comparisons between the two systems for position tracking, required flow rate and system efficiency are discussed. Results show that digital hydraulic systems can be a valid alternative to servo valves in terms of position tracking, and show that digital valves can greatly improve system performance in the form of reduced required flow rate and improved overall system efficiency. INTRODUCTION Electric motors are the typicalactuation method employed in robotics because of their low cost and the large availability of sizes and specifications. although electric motors However, are simple and accurate to control their performance is limited by several factors. Including that their available torque is small relative to their size and weight, and they often require a gearbox and gears introduce backlash and reduce that driveefficiency. Alternatively, hydraulic actuators have relatively faster a response, and a higher force/torque-to-weight ratio thanelectric actuators. Hydraulic actuation has been employed in a wide range of robotic systems, namely the exoskeleton system BLEEX [1-2], Raytheon SARCOS [3], SARCOS hydraulically actuated humanoid robot CB [4], legged robots Kenken [5], BigDog [6-8], Petman [9], KITECH and POSTECH Korean Quadruped Robot [10] andthe hydraulic quadruped HyQ [11 -13].
Analysis and Comparison of Leakage Reduction Techniques for 6T-SRAM and 5TSRAM in 90nm Technology

: As the feature size of the transistor is scaled down, the leakage power substantially increases. According to Moore’s law, number of transistors doubles in every eighteen months. This shows that in upcoming years, power dissipation would be one of the major factors. One of the major fields where leakage power is prominent is in memory. Memory used as bridging between processor and the main memory is known as cache memory as these are faster and keep a pace with the processor in retrieving the data because main memory is slow. While designing cache memory, 6T-SRAM is the standard form all over. There is always a trade-off between speed, area and power in SRAM. Consequently, as the channel length reduces, the standby leakage in cache memory increases. To minimize the leakage power dissipation in cache memory, various leakage reduction techniques were applied to 6T-SRAM and 5T-SRAM. The techniques implemented on 6T-SRAM and 5T-SRAM includes MT-CMOS, dynamic voltage scaling and gated V DD . The technology used for these memories is GPDK 90nm using Cadence Virtuoso.
Mastering mental ray: Rendering Techniques for 3D and CAD Professionals

Proven techniques for using mental ray effectively If you're a busy artist seeking high-end results for your 3D, design, or architecture renders using mental ray, this is the perfect book for you. It distills the highly technical nature of rendering into easy-to-follow steps and tutorials that you can apply immediately to your own projects. The book uses 3ds Max and 3ds Max Design to show the integration with mental ray, but users of any 3D or CAD software can learn valuable techniques for incorporating mental ray into their pipelines. Takes you under the hood of mental ray, a stand-alone or bundled product that is often used with 3D or CAD software in the creation of movies, games, architectural renders, and television Focuses on only the most pertinent tools and techniques for busy professionals who need to quickly apply them on the job Provides compelling, practical tutorials so you can start incorporating mental ray into your own production pipelines Includes a DVD with step-by-step videos to help drive home concepts and techniques Learn effective mental ray techniques with this great guide, then keep this practical book at your workstation for reference while you work! Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.
MASSED TASK REPETITION IS A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD FOR FLUENCY DEVELOPMENT

Abstract To examine the effects of task repetition with different schedules, English-as-a-foreign-language classroom learners performed the same oral narrative task six times under three different schedules. They narrated the same six-frame cartoon story (a) six times consecutively in one class (massed practice), (b) three times at the beginning and at the end of a class (short-spaced practice), and (c) three times as a part of two classes 1 week apart (long-spaced practice). The results yielded by an immediate posttest using a novel cartoon showed that massed practice reduced breakdown fluency (mid-clause and clause-final pauses) the most. However, the participants in the massed-practice group showed degraded speed (slower articulation rate) and repair fluency (more verbatim repetition). The effects of repetition schedule seem limited on a 1-week delayed posttest involving a novel cartoon. Yet, when participants narrated the same practiced cartoon 1 week later, massed practice also resulted in more verbatim repetition.
Railway Crew Rescheduling: Novel Approaches and Extensions

textabstractPassenger railway operators meticulously plan how to use the rolling stock and the crew in order to operate the published timetable. However, unexpected events such as infrastructure malfunctions, or weather conditions disturb the operation every day. As a consequence, significant changes, such as cancellation of trains, to the timetable must be made. If these timetable changes make the planned rolling stock and crew schedule infeasible, one speaks of a disruption. It is very important that these schedules are fixed such that no additional cancellations of trains are necessary. Nowadays this rescheduling is still done manually by the dispatchers in the control centers. In this thesis we use Operations Research techniques to develop solution approaches for crew rescheduling during disruptions. This enables us to solve the basic operational crew rescheduling problem in a short amount of computation time. Moreover, we studied an extension to the basic problem where the departure times of some trains may be delayed by some minutes. We show that this can lead to significantly better solutions for some real-life instances. Furthermore, we presented two new quasi robust optimization approaches that deal with the uncertainty in the length of the disruption. The computational study reveals that one of these approaches outperforms a naive approach in many cases. We believe that the methods developed in this thesis provided the foundation for a decision support system for railway crew rescheduling.
Economic predictions for heat mining : a review and analysis of hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal energy technology

The main objectives of this study were first, to review and analyze several economic assessments of Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal energy systems, and second, to reformulate an economic model for HDR with revised cost components. The economic models reviewed include the following studies sponsored by Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)-Cummings and Morris (1979), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)-Murphy, et al. (1982), United Kingdom (UK)-Shock (1986), Japan-Hori, et al. (1986), Meridian-Entingh (1987) and Bechtel (1988). A general evaluation of the technical feasibility of HDR technology components was also conducted in view of their importance in establishing drilling and reservoir performance parameters required for any economic assessment. In this review, only economic projections for base load electricity produced from HDR systems were considered. Bases of 1989 collars ($) were selected to normalize costs. Following the evaluation of drilling and reservoir performance, power plant choices and cost estimates are discussed in section 6 of the report. In Section 7, the six economics studies cited above are reviewed and compared in terms of their key resource, reservoir and plant performance, and cost assumptions. Based on these comparisons, the report estimates parameters for three composite cases. Important parameters include: (1) resource quality-average geothermal gradient (C/km) and well depth, (2) reservoir performance-effective productivity, flow impedance, and lifetime (thermal drawdown rate), (3) cost components-drilling, reservoir formation, and power plant costs and (4) economic factors-discount and interest rates, taxes, etc. In Section 8, composite case conditions were used to reassess economic projections for HDR-produced electricity. In Section 9, a generalized economic model for HDR-produced electricity is presented to show the effects of resource grade, reservoir performance parameters, and other important factors on projected costs. A sensitivity and uncertainty analysis using this model is given in Section 10. Section 11 treats a modification of the economic model for predicting costs for direct, non-electric applications. HDR economic projections for the U.S. are broken down by region in Section 12. In Section 13, the report provides recommendations for continued research and development to reduce technical and economic uncertainties relevant to the commercialization of HDR. [DJE-2005]
Mechanisms of motion: Combining physical biology and numerical models

Dictyostelium cells have persistence times between 200-600 seconds and are particularly sensitive to chemical gradients, even shallow ones. The sensitivity of Dictyostelium allows cells to respond to transient chemical gradients as brief as one second. This ability to react to such a small change in environmental stimulus suggests Dictyostelium cell’s directed migration under gradients would share common connections with their spontaneous migration patterns. Indeed, a number of researchers conducted studies to investigate the relationship between internal polarity and asymmetric polarity, looking at the influence of the random distribution of chemoattractant receptors in homogenous external environments.
Alberta’s Traveller Information System – The Calgary Experience

In 2004 the City of Calgary entered into a partnership with the Province of Alberta, the City of Edmonton, the Alberta Motor Association, and Transport Canada to evaluate the Condition Acquisition Reporting System (CARS), a web-based traveler information tool. This is the first time CARS has been tested in Canada. The 8-month long pilot project and will achieve both the objective of testing Web-based Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS) tool for the City of Calgary and the larger goal of testing a system that may be used province wide. This opportunity coincided well with the City’s recently approved Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Strategic Plan where the development of an ATIS was identified as one of the top six initiatives. The purpose of the ATIS is to collect, assemble, verify and deliver reliable real time multi-modal information to the users of the transportation system so travelers can make better decisions on when to travel, the travel mode to choose and the route to take. The ITS Strategic Plan spans a period of 10 years from 2003 to 2013, providing direction for the staged development of the system with early emphasis on the testing of various options for information dissemination.
Optimizing primary and backup SDN controllers' placement resilient to node-targeted attacks

In Software Defined Networks (SDNs), a number of controllers are placed in a given data plane network. In a standard logically centralized control plane, each controller acts simultaneously as a primary controller for some switches and as a backup controller for other switches, and the controller placements must meet given switch-controller (SC) and controller-controller (CC) delay bounds. Then, the SDN should be resilient to network disruptions such as node-targeted attacks. To improve the SDN resilience to this kind of disruptions, we assume that some controllers are deployed only as backup controllers so that they take over the functions of primary controllers only in case of disruption. We propose an optimization model that solves a relevant primary and backup controller placement problem, where a minimum number of primary controllers minimizing the maximum SC delay is first established, and then a joint primary and backup controller placement maximizing the resilience of the SDN against a list of the most dangerous node-targeted attacks is determined. A numerical study illustrating the merits of the proposed optimization methodology is presented.
An Exploratory Analysis of the Consumer Resistance Determinants Regarding the Usage of Nanotechnology in Fashion Industry

Nanotechnology and nanoscience have brought attention to the area of experimental innovation and scientific research. This domain also includes nanomaterials which refer to a broad spectrum of physical, chemical, and biological methods which remodelled the fashion industry. The expectations of actual buyers, regarding the clothes that they purchase, improved significantly and they are in a continuous search of items that meet, at the same time, the protection function and that are sustainable for the environment. Nevertheless, in the fashion industry, we remark the resistance of the consumer when it comes to those type of innovations. The present research aims to investigate the relationship existing among consumer innovation resistance when it comes to the use of nano materials in the fashion industry and the distinct factors of innovation and consumers’ characteristics. The present research develops and empirically validates a scale that measures consumer’s resistance determinants when it comes to the use of nanomaterials in the fashion industry through exploratory analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to check the constructs for testing the hypothesized factors and then, a Structural Equation Modelling was designed. Two out of four hypotheses have been supported by the collected data. Perceived risk and relative advantage are recognised as important factors that manage the consumer’s resistance to the use of nanomaterials in the fashion industry. The contribution of the actual paper shows that there are very few studies that investigate the potential factors which affect consumer resistance to innovation when it comes to nanomaterials.
Ventricle Contact Is Associated With Higher 11C Methionine PET Uptake in Glioblastoma

Introduction: Ventricle contact is associated with a worse prognosis and more aggressive tumor characteristics in glioblastoma (GBM). This is hypothesized to be a result of neural stem cells located around the lateral ventricles, in the subventricular zone. 11C methionine Positron Emission Tomography (metPET) is an indicator for increased proliferation, as it shows uptake of methionine, an amino acid needed for protein synthesis. This study is the first to study metPET characteristics of GBM in relation to ventricle contact. Methods: 12 patients with IDH wild type GBM a were included. Using MRI, the following regions were determined: primary tumor (defined as contrast enhancing lesion on T1) and peritumoral edema (defined as edema visible on FLAIR excluding the enhancement). PET parameters in these areas were extracted using PET fused with MRI imaging. Parameters extracted from the PET included: maximum and mean tumor-to-normal ratio (TNRmax and TNRmean) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV). Results: TNRmean of the primary tumor showed significantly higher values for the ventricle contacting group compared to the non-contacting group (4.44 vs 2.67, p=0.015). Other metPET parameters suggested higher values for the ventricle contacting group, but these differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: GBM with ventricle contact show a higher methionine uptake and thus increased proliferation compared with GBM without ventricle contact. This might explain survival differences and should be considered in treatment decisions.
PENGARUH TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL TERHADAP KINERJA BANK PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA

Digital transformation is a trend and a necessity to survive in the current pandemic era. The banking industry as an industry that is required to be very responsive and fundamentally also needs to carry out digital transformation. Regional Development Banks have their own challenges in executing their strategies because they have a function as agents of regional development but on the other hand have to compete with commercial banks. The BPD that has carried out a digital transformation is Bank BJB. From the literature study, it was found that digital transformation has an influence on company performance and on innovation. This study examines the effect of digital transformation and innovation on the performance of BJB Bank. Respondents in this study were the leaders of the 65 branch offices of Bank BJB in Indonesia. This study uses PLS-SEM and proves that there is a positive and significant effect of digital transformation and innovation on company performance. These findings provide a practical contribution as a guide for the banking industry in efforts to improve its performance through a digital transformation strategy. Future research will need to expand the population to other banks, combine a firm's perspective with consumer acceptance (for example using innovation acceptance models such as TAM, DOI, UTAUT, and others), and examine the factors that influence digital transformation itself. Keywords: Digital Transformation, Innovation, Firm performance, Regional Development Banks Transformasi digital merupakan tren dan kebutuhan untuk bertahan di era pandemi saat ini. Industri perbankan sebagai salah satu industri yang dituntut untuk sangat responsif dan sifatnya fundamental juga perlu melakukan transformasi digital. Bank Pembangunan Daerah memiliki tantangan tersendiri dalam menjalankan strateginya karena memiliki fungsi sebagai agen pembangunan daerah namun di sisi lain harus bersaing dengan bank umum. BPD yang telah melakukan transformasi digital yaitu Bank BJB. Dari studi literatur didapati bahwa transformasi digital memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja perusahaan dan terhadap inovasi. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh transformasi digital dan inovasi terhadap kinerja Bank BJB. Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu pimpinan dari 65 kantor cabang Bank BJB di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan PLS-SEM dan membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari transformasi digital dan inovasi terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi praktis sebagai panduan bagi industri perbankan dalam upaya peningkatan kinerjanya melalui strategi transformasi digital. Penelitian mendatang perlu untuk memperluas populasi kepada bank lain, menggabungkan sudut pandang perusahaan dengan penerimaan di sisi konsumen (misalkan menggunakan model penerimaan inovasi seperti TAM, DOI, UTAUT, dan lainnya), serta menelaah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi transformasi digital itu sendiri. Kata Kunci: Transformasi digital, Inovasi, Kinerja perusahaan, Bank Pembangunan Daerah