Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Low Molecular Mass PsbW Protein Is Involved in the Stabilization of the Dimeric Photosystem II Complex in Arabidopsis thaliana *

Arabidopsis thaliana plants have been transformed with an antisense gene to the psbW of photosystem II (PSII). Eight transgenic lines containing low levels ofpsbW mRNA have been obtained. Transgenic seedlings with low contents of PsbW protein (more than 96% reduced) were selected by Western blotting and used for photosynthetic functional studies. There were no distinct differences in phenotype between the antisense and wild type plants during vegetative period under normal growth light intensities. However, a sucrose gradient separation of briefly solubilized thylakoid membranes revealed that no dimeric PSII supracomplex could be detected in the transgenic plants lacking the PsbW protein. Furthermore, analysis of isolated thylakoids demonstrated that the oxygen-evolving rate in antisense plants decreased by 50% compared with the wild type. This was found to be due to up to 40% of D1 and D2 reaction center proteins of PSII disappearing in the transgenic plants. The absence of the PsbW protein also altered the contents of other PSII proteins to differing extents. These results show that in the absence of the PsbW protein, the stability of the dimeric PSII is diminished and consequently the total number of PSII complexes is greatly reduced. Thus the nuclear encoded PsbW protein may play a crucial role in the biogenesis and regulation of the photosynthetic apparatus.
Identification of Piecewise Affine LFR Models of Interconnected Systems

Identification of interconnected systems is a challenging problem in which it is crucial to exploit the available knowledge about the interconnection structure. This paper addresses the identification of discrete-time dynamical models in linear fractional representation form, composed by the interconnection of a linear time-invariant block and a static nonlinearity. An iterative identification approach is adopted, which alternates the estimation of the linear and the nonlinear components. Standard identification techniques are applied to the linear part, whereas recently developed piecewise affine identification techniques are employed for modeling the static nonlinearity. The proposed method takes advantage of the interconnection structure to identify models which are more accurate and often much simpler than those obtained when applying black-box piecewise affine identification techniques to the overall system. This is demonstrated through the application of the adopted identification algorithm to the silverbox problem, a popular real-life benchmark in nonlinear system identification.
Comparative study of the changes in insulin-like growth factor-I, procollagen-III N-terminal extension peptide, bone Gla-protein, and bone mineral content in children with Turner's syndrome treated with recombinant growth hormone.

Six girls (7-13 yr old) with Turner's syndrome and short stature were treated for 1 yr with recombinant human GH (0.15 U/kg.day, sc) and had sequential determinations of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), osteocalcin, and procollagen-III. Bone mineral content and density of the spine and radius were measured before treatment and at 90 and 360 days. Two girls received small doses of ethinyl estradiol (0.025 micrograms/kg) in addition to GH. Height velocity increased by 144% after 3 months of treatment. IGF-I was normal (0.75 +/- 0.20 kU/L) before treatment and increased by 90% on day 1 and by 290% on day 360. Procollagen-III was low before treatment; it peaked at 53.0 +/- 14.7 micrograms/L (260% above baseline) on day 30, then decreased to the normal range. Serum osteocalcin increased more slowly to reach a plateau on day 90 of 23.7 +/- 1.2 micrograms/L (46% above baseline). Before treatment, bone mineral content of the spine was 25% lower than that of children matched for bone age. Bone mineral contents of the peripheral and axial skeleton were increased by 10% and 17%, respectively, after 1 yr of treatment, an increase commensurate with that of bone age in the four patients who did not receive estrogen. On day 90, however, although radius mineral density was already increased by 3%, the mineral density of the lumbar spine was significantly decreased by 4%. We conclude that treatment with GH increases IGF-I, collagen turnover, osteoblastic function, and height velocity in Turner's syndrome. However, there is no catch-up of bone mineral content after 1 yr of treatment, and an early effect of GH is to decrease spine mineral density.
Intraoral 3D Scanning or Dental Impressions for the Assessment of Dental Arch Relationships in Cleft Care: Which is Superior?

Objective This study was undertaken to evaluate intraoral 3D scans for assessing dental arch relationships and obtain patient/parent perceptions of impressions and intraoral 3D scanning. Materials & Methods Forty-three subjects with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) had impressions taken for plaster models. These and the teeth were scanned using the R700 Orthodontic Study Model Scanner and Trios® Digital Impressions Scanner (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) to create indirect and direct digital models. All model formats were scored by three observers on two occasions using the GOSLON and modified Huddart Bodenham (MHB) indices. Participants and parents scored their perceptions of impressions and scanning from 1 (very good) to 5 (very bad). Intra- and interexaminer reliability were tested using GOSLON and MHB data (Cronbach's Alpha >0.9). Bland and Altman plots were created for MHB data, with each model medium (one-sample t tests, P < .05) and questionnaire data (Wilcoxon signed ranks P < .05) tested. Results Intra- and interexaminer reliability (>0.9) were good for all formats with the direct digital models having the lowest interexaminer differences. Participants had higher ratings for scanning comfort (84.8%) than impressions (44.2%) (P < .05) and for scanning time (56.6%) than impressions (51.2%) (P > .05). None disliked scanning, but 16.3% disliked impressions. Data for parents and children positively correlated (P < .05). Conclusions Reliability of scoring dental arch relationships using intraoral 3D scans was superior to indirect digital and to plaster models; Subjects with UCLP preferred intra-oral 3D scanning to dental impressions, mirrored by parents/carers; This study supports the replacement of conventional impressions with intra-oral 3D scans in longitudinal evaluations of the outcomes of cleft care.
The alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is involved in a direct inhibitory effect of nicotine on 1 GnRH release: in vitro studies 2

The activation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors (nAChR) inhibits the reproductive axis; however, it 21 is not clear whether nicotine may directly modulate the release of hypothalamic gonadotropin- 22 releasing hormone (GnRH). Experiments carried out in GT1-1 immortalized GnRH neurons reveal 23 the presence of a single class of high affinity  4  2 and  7 nAchR subtypes. The exposure of GT1-1 24 cells to nicotine does not modify the basal accumulation of GnRH. However, nicotine was found to 25 modify GnRH pulsatility in perifusion experiments and inhibits, the release of GnRH induced by 26 prostaglandin E 1 or by K + -induced cell depolarization; these effects were reversed by D- 27 tubocurarine and  -bungarotoxin. In conclusion, the results reported here indicate that: functional 28 nAChRs are present on GT1-1 cells, the activation of the  -bungarotoxin-sensitive subclass (  7) 29 produces an inhibitory effect on the release of GnRH and that the direct action of nicotine on 30 GnRH neurons may be involved in reducing fertility of smokers. 31
Criteria for decompensation in binocular vision

Two groups of patients, one under 40 years of age and the other 40 years and over, were divided into subgroups according to whether they had symptoms associated with near vision. A method developed in ‘signal detection theory’ was used to determine whether a value could be found for heterophoria, or associated heterophoria, which would predict which patients had symptoms due to decompensated heterophoria in normal routine investigation. Receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC curves) were constructed to look for these cut‐off values between patients with, and without, symptoms.
Sarbanes-Oxley and the Accounting Profession: Public Interest Implications

The USaccounting profession was caught up in, and some say responsible for, the whirlwind of accounting and business scandals that rocked the US markets in 2002. To restore investor confidence in financial information, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act created a new Public Company Accounting Oversight Board with the authority to set standards for auditors of publicly traded companies, thus ending a century of professional regulation of auditing. In this analysis we employ sociological theories of professionalism [1-4] to help understand the implications of the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation for the accounting profession and for the public interest. We explain why professional self-regulation is important for retaining valuable economic franchises. We also explain why the public interest orientation of the profession is important and how government take-over of auditing standards potentially erodes the public accounting profession’s commitment to the public interest. Self-control over professional work, a key characteristic of professional status, is pre-empted by the newly created government oversight body PCAOB. With government takeover of oversight of auditing practice, claims to professional status are weakened and professional commitment to and involvement with vital work standards may suffer. In addition, the profession may no longer have incentives to promote the public interest or to innovate and change in response to changing conditions. We also trace events leading up to Sarbanes-Oxley legislation and conclude that underlying problems arising from internal work differentiation as consulting work became more profitable and glamorous and development of a commercially oriented work culture may continue to threaten the profession in the future. Finally, we speculate that the greatest costs may be opportunity costs as the profession no longer has the incentives or ability to innovate and embrace new forms of accountability.
Meningeal melanocytoma (“melanotic meningioma”). Its melanocytic origin as revealed by electron microscopy

A primary melanotic tumor of the leptomeninges with prolonged clinical course and benign histology was studied by light and electron microscopy. Similar tumors, referred to as “pigmented” or “melanotic” meningiomas, were reviewed. The cells of the tumor reported here lack the ultrastructural features of meningothelium and are characterized by the presence of numerous melanosomes and premelanosomes in their cytoplasm. Therefore, the term “meningeal melanocytoma” rather than “pigmented meningioma” appears appropriate. A benign histology and favorable clinical course distinguish meningeal melanocytoma from primary malignant melanomas of the leptomeninges. The histology, ultrastructure, and behavior of this tumor show similarities to melanocytic tumors of the dermis (cellular blue nevus) and of the uveal tract (spindle A melanoma). While cytologically and biologically benign, meningeal melanocytomas may cause neurologic deficits through their expanding growth; an early excision may be curative before neurologic complications become fatal.
A Bit String Content Aware Chunking Strategy for Reduced CPU Energy on Cloud Storage

In order to achieve energy saving and reduce the total cost of ownership, green storage has become the first priority for data center. Detecting and deleting the redundant data are the key factors to the reduction of the energy consumption of CPU, while high performance stable chunking strategy provides the groundwork for detecting redundant data. The existing chunking algorithm greatly reduces the system performance when confronted with big data and it wastes a lot of energy. Factors affecting the chunking performance are analyzed and discussed in the paper and a new fingerprint signature calculation is implemented. Furthermore, a Bit String Content Aware Chunking Strategy (BCCS) is put forward. This strategy reduces the cost of signature computation in chunking process to improve the system performance and cuts down the energy consumption of the cloud storage data center. On the basis of relevant test scenarios and test data of this paper, the advantages of the chunking strategy are verified.
Isolated right ventricular myocardial infarction from occlusion of a dominant right coronary artery mimicking anterior myocardial infarction.

A 63 year old man without a past history of cardiovascular disease arrived at the emergency department with severe precordial pain during the previous 21⁄2 hours. His blood pressure was 157/90 mmHg and heart rate 75 beats/minute. Electrocardiogram on admission showed ST-segment elevation in leads V1–V6 and left axis deviation of the QRS. The patient developed ventricular fibrillation at the time of ECG performance [Figure A] that converted to normal rhythm with one DC shock. With a diagnosis of anterior myocardial infarction the patient was referred for primary PCI3. Coronary angiography
Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Networks Using Antenna Arrays

Author(s): Gelal, Ece | Advisor(s): Krishnamurthy, Srikanth V. | Abstract: One of the major problems experienced by wireless multi-hop networks is the intermittent network connectivity, which is a consequence of fluctuating link quality due to signal fading.Antenna array technology has been proposed to alleviate the problem of signal fading,and it provides significant performance increase on a single link. However, translating this link-level performance increase to an end-to-end gain in multi-hop networks is not straightforward; a cross-layer design is necessary to efficiently facilitate this translation. In this dissertation, we present cross-layer design approaches for providing end-to-end performance increase in multi-hop networks using antenna arrays. Each approach is designed to utilize a special capability with antenna arrays. Using antenna arrays, nodes can increase the signal strength in a specific direction;i.e., perform directional communications. Using directional communications in a multi-hop network requires nodes to periodically update the directions of their neighbors, which introduces an overhead. We propose topology control algorithms that enable the use of directional communications in multi-hop networks with bounded overhead. The bounds provided by our Low Degree Spanner (LDS) and Distributed LDS (D-LDS) algorithms are near-optimal. Space-Time Block Coding (STBC) with antenna arrays (referred to as MIMO-STBC) offers significant robustness to fading without an overhead at the higher layers.Robust MIMO-STBC links can also provide performance improvements at the higher layersby the design of proper protocols. Such a design necessitates an accurate representation of the MIMO-STBC link behavior. To date, simplistic representations have been used. We design an accurate representation of MIMO-STBC communications, which we show to have a high fidelity to the MIMO-STBC communications in practice.Antenna arrays also facilitate the spatial multiplexing of signals, allowing a node to transmit and receive multiple signals simultaneously. In a multi-hop network, spatial multiplexing enables receptions from multiple concurrent transmitters. However, such a reception is successful only ifboth the number and the strength of concurrent transmissions is controlled by a higher-layer mechanism. We design topology control algorithms for activating a maximal number of communications simultaneously, while ensuring that every communication is successful with high probability.
PNC with multiple antennas

The two-phase MIMO NC (network coding) scheme can be used to boost the throughput in a two-way relay channel in which nodes are equipped with multiple antennas. The obvious strategy is for the relay node to extract the individual packets from the two end nodes and mix the two packets to form a network-coded packet. In this paper, we propose a new scheme called MIMO PNC (physical network coding), in which the relay extracts the summation and difference of the two end packets and then converts them to the network-coded form. MIMO PNC is a natural combination of the single-antenna PNC scheme and the linear MIMO detection scheme. The advantages of MIMO PNC are many. First, it removes the stringent carrier-phase requirement in single-antenna PNC. Second, it is linear in complexity with respect to the constellation size and the number of simultaneous data streams in MIMO. Simulation shows that MIMO PNC outperforms the straightforward MIMO NC significantly under random Rayleigh fading channel. Based on our analysis, we further conjecture that MIMO PNC outperforms MIMO NC under all possible realizations of the channel.
Nanotube field electron emission: principles, development, and applications

There is a growing trend to apply field emission (FE) electron sources in vacuum electronic devices due to their fast response, high efficiency and low energy consumption compared to thermionic emission ones. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been regarded as a promising class of electron field emitters since the 1990s and have promoted the development of FE technology greatly because of their high electrical and thermal conductivity, chemical stability, high aspect ratio and small size. Recent studies have shown that FE from CNTs has the potential to replace conventional thermionic emission in many areas and that it exhibits advanced features in practical applications. Consequently, FE from nanotubes and applications thereof have attracted much attention. This paper provides a comprehensive review of both recent advances in CNT field emitters and issues related to applications of CNT based FE. FE theories and principles are introduced, and the early development of field emitters is related. CNT emitter types and their FE performance are discussed. The current situation for applications based on nanotube FE is reviewed. Although challenges remain, the tremendous progress made in CNT FE over the past ten years indicates the field’s development potential.
Design and implementation of a novel architecture for physical human-UAV interaction

Interaction between humans and unmanned aerial vehicles is a promising field for future applications. However, current interfacing paradigms either imply the presence of intermediary hardware as monitors, joysticks and haptic devices, or are limited to visual/auditory channels with hand gestures, voice recognition, or interpretation of face poses and body postures. Another paradigm, physical human–robot interaction, which is based on mutual exchange of forces, is popular when dealing with robotic arms and humanoids, while unmanned aerial vehicles are usually considered too dangerous and lack proper interaction surfaces to exchange forces. In this paper, we address the problem of physical human–unmanned aerial vehicle interaction and we propose a straightforward approach to allow a human to intuitively command an unmanned aerial vehicle through exchanges of forces. Using a residual based estimator, we estimate the external forces and torques acting on the unmanned aerial vehicle. Through the employment of a sensor ring, we are able to separate the human interaction forces from additional disturbances as wind and parameter uncertainties. This knowledge is used inside a control framework where the human is allowed to change the desired trajectory by simply applying forces on the unmanned aerial vehicle. The system is validated with multiple hardware-in-the-loop simulations and experiments in which we try different interaction modalities.
The molecular biology of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most common type of malignant lymphoma. In the last few years, significant progress has been achieved in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this entity. Gene expression profiling has identified three molecular DLBCL subtypes, termed germinal-center B-cell-like (GCB) DLBCL, activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL, and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL). In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the biology of these DLBCL subtypes with a special emphasis on novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Long term management of patients after splenectomy.

trials. Information from epidemiological and laboratory studies suggests that the breast tissue is most receptive to carcinogens early in puberty 1516 and antihormonal prevention is most effective nearer the time of the insult. '7 This is why young women are being recruited. Only young women at the highest risk of developing breast cancer, however, are being included in the prevention studies. Carefully monitored adjuvant clinical trials can guide the use of tamoxifen in normal women. The physiological impact of tamoxifen in premenopausal women warrants closer attention; the drug's effects on bone density and lipid concentrations might tip the balance of risks and benefits in its favour. V CRAIGJORDAN Professor of cancer pharmacology Robert H Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 6061 1, USA
Time-Efficiency-Oriented Missing-Tag Identification Protocols for Large-Scale RFID Systems

One fundamental and significant issue for large-scale radio frequency identification (RFID) systems is to promptly identify the missing events of passive tags. To this end, this letter proposes two novel protocols, Tag Retardation-based Compact Protocol (TRCP) and Probabilistic Prediction-based Protocol (P3), which address the missing-tag identification problem in a more time-efficient way than existing work. TRCP conducts tag retardation to alleviate tag collisions and achieve compact tag transmissions. Due to the fact that it is unnecessary to individually identify the tags that are likely to be missing simultaneously, we design P3, which leverages tag missing probability to avert needless tag retardation to further ameliorate TRCP. Simulation results validate the superiority of both TRCP and P3 to state-of-the-art studies in terms of time efficiency.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF COFFEE BERRY BORER: THE ROLE OF DNA-BASED GUT-CONTENT ANALYSIS IN ASSESSMENT OF PREDATION

The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, is the most important pest of coffee worldwide, causing an estimated $500 million in damage annually. Infestation rates from 50-90% have been reported, significantly impacting coffee yields. Adult female H. hampei bore into the berry and lay eggs whose larvae hatch and spend their entire larval life within the berry, feeding on the coffee bean, lowering its quality and sometimes causing abscission. Biological control of H. hampei using parasitoids, fungi and nematodes has been reported but potential predators such as ants and predatory thrips, which have been observed in and around the coffee berries, have received little attention. This study reviews previous H. hampei biological control efforts and focuses on the role of predators in H. hampei biological control, an area in which tracking trophic associations by direct observation is not possible in part due to the cryptic nature of the biology of H. hampei, spending its life cycle inside the berry. The use of molecular methods to detect the presence of small amounts of prey in the digestive tracts of predators is the primary focus of this research program, and ultimately elucidating food web structure and making recommendations for biological control. We designed H. hampei-specific primers to demonstrate that H. hampei DNA can be detected in DNA extractions of a predatory thrips species, Karnyothrips flavipes, which preys on H. hampei. We demonstrate the potential of this molecular technique to unravel the trophic interactions that occur inside the coffee berry.