Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aerobraking to Lower Apogee in Earth Orbit with the Small Payload ORbit Transfer (SPORT™) Microsatellite Vehicle

AeroAstro, Inc. and Astronautic Technology Sdn. Bhd. (a Malaysian space company) are commercially developing the Small Payload ORbit Transfer (SPORT) vehicle, which uses advanced earth aerobraking technology to achieve efficient orbit transfer from Geosynchronous-Transfer Orbit (GTO) to Low Earth Orbit (LEO). After being delivered to GTO by a large launch vehicle, such as Ariane, SPORT uses its onboard propulsion system to adjust its perigee altitude to about 150 km. At this altitude, the large deployable aerobrake produces enough drag to reduce the apogee altitude from 36,000+ km to about 1,000 km in approximately 300 orbits. Upon reaching the target apogee altitude, the propulsion system is used to raise the perigee to the desired altitude, thereby allowing SPORT to release its payload. Aerobraking technology enables orbit transfer in a cost-effective manner, reducing the overall mass of the spacecraft by drastically reducing the amount of propellant required to achieve the maneuver. The development of the SPORT aerobrake technology is discussed, along with a comparison of the SPORT aerobraking approach to NASA’s successful aerobraking missions: Magellan and Mars Global Surveyor. The paper concludes with a discussion of the SPORT aerobrake details, including structural design, brake deployment, stability and control, and auxiliary features.
Framework for developing and evaluating MAV control algorithms in a realistic urban setting

An investigation has begun to evaluate the behavior of small unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs) and micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) flying through an urban setting. This research is focused on a cooperative scenario between a SUAV and MAVs for the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Cooperative Operations in UrbaN TERrain (COUNTER) 6.2 research and flight demonstration program. There is great interest in MAV/SUAV use but limited simulation work has been dedicated specifically to issues associated with very small vehicles that cruise at slow speeds near the ground. Development of satisfactory six-degree-of-freedom models of an MAV and SUAV were the first tasks to be tackled, along with the integration of these models into the MultiUAV 2.0 simulation environment. The second task was to model and integrate wind data for complex urban flows into this simulation. This involved creating modules to interface the simulation with CFD results and data obtained through urban airflow experiments. An urban environment for the MAV to fly through was constructed using the geometry of a likely COUNTER flight test location. These basic elements coupled with future cooperative control task assignment and path planning algorithms complete this engineering simulation.
An all-factor modulation bandwidth extension technique for delta-sigma PLL transmitter

In this work, an all-factor modulation bandwidth extension technique for one-point delta-sigma (ΔΣ) phase locked loop (PLL) transmitter is presented. The factors that need to be calibrated have been discussed. Firstly, RC variation of the loop filter is compensated by using an RC tracking circuit. Secondly, variation of the loop gain of the modulator is calibrated by sensing the magnitude differences between its values at DC and high frequency. Since two critical factors of PLL are calibrated, the proposed technique can achieve higher calibration accuracy. Moreover, this technique has been proven to be valid for all PLL types and orders by theoretical analyses given in this paper. And one particular case has been verified by measurement results.
Radiographic associations for "primary" hip osteoarthrosis: A retrospective cohort study of 47 patients

This radiographic retrospective cohort study aims to identify relations between the prearthrotic anatomy of the hip joint and the type of subsequent osteoarthrosis (OA). Radiographs of 64 hips in 47 patients were evaluated. Several anatomical indices were measured on radiographs obtained before the onset of OA. The location, type and grade of OA were recorded on subsequent radiographs. Due to the small number of hips available, only three potential risk factors could be considered for both OA location and OA type (weight-bearing surface angle, spherical sector and neck shaft angle for both outcomes). The only variable that was found to be a significant predictor of OA location was the degree of inclination of the acetabular sourcil. Patients with craniomedial sourcils were more likely to have medial OA. No predictors of OA type could be identified. Our results suggest that the anatomy of the hip joint is a factor determining the location of developing osteoarthrosis.
Attenuated suppression of lipolysis explains the increases in triglyceride secretion and concentration associated with basal insulin peglispro relative to insulin glargine treatment in patients with type 1 diabetes

To test the hypothesis that, as well as lowering weight and increasing plasma triglyceride (TG) levels and hepatic fat compared with insulin glargine (GL) in patients with type 1 diabetes, the attenuated peripheral effects of basal insulin peglispro (BIL) may include increased free fatty acid flux to the liver, causing increased very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL)‐TG secretion and lipid oxidation, and decreased TG adipose tissue deposition.
Design and performance of log-periodic substrate integrated waveguide slot antennas

Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is combined with the classical theory of log-periodic antennas to realize SIW slot antennas with broadband performance. Based on the orientation of the slots, two variations are compared - the transverse slot antenna and longitudinal slot antenna. Both techniques achieve much wider impedance bandwidth than a traditional uniform slotted waveguide antenna and a useful radiation pattern is maintained over a 4 GHz bandwidth. Two prototypes, centered at 15 and 24 GHz, have been fabricated and measured to verify the simulations.
Prognostic value of plasma HIV RNA among highly active antiretroviral therapy users

Background: The study objective was to compare the prognostic value of plasma HIV RNA and CD4 cell count at baseline and as time-updated variables in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) users for two outcomes: development of AIDS and change in CD4 cell count. Methods: The study population comprised 387 men enrolled in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study who were AIDS-free and initiated HAART between 1996 and 2001. Follow-up until AIDS diagnosis (n=36, 9%) or the last AIDS-free visit was included. To determine the predictive value of combining HIV RNA and CD4 cell count, regression tree methods using recursive partitioning at pre-specified cut points for both variables were used. Results: Low CD4 cell count was a strong predictor of AIDS among HAART users. However, HIV RNA showed strong prognostic value for AIDS development among those with CD4 cell counts > 250 × 106 cells/l, in whom an HIV RNA level > 1000 copies/ml carried a 4.6-fold greater risk of developing AIDS. HIV RNA < 5000 copies/ml was also predictive of subsequent increase in CD4 cell count with significantly higher increases among those with initial CD4 counts > 300 × 106 cells/l. Conclusion: Although, in HAART users, CD4 cell count was the primordial prognostic marker, an HIV RNA > 1000 copies/ml attained after HAART initiation was a strong predictor of the rate of subsequent CD4 cell count increase and of developing AIDS in patients whose CD4 cell counts were > 250 × 106 cells/l.
Synchronverter-Enabled DC Power Sharing Approach for LVDC Microgrids

In a classical ac microgrid (MG), a common frequency exists for coordinating active power sharing among droop-controlled sources. Like the frequency-droop method, a voltage-based droop approach has been employed to control the converters in low voltage direct current (LVDC) MGs. However, voltage variation due to the droop gains and line resistances causes poor power sharing and voltage regulation in dc MG, which in most cases are solved by a secondary controller by using a communication network. To avoid such an infrastructure and its accompanied complications, this paper proposes a new droop scheme to control dc sources by introducing a small ac voltage superimposed onto the output dc voltage of converters. Therefore, dc sources can be coordinated together with the frequency of the ac voltage, without any communication network like synchronous generators (SGs) in conventional power systems. Small signal stability analysis, as well as mathematical calculations, is presented to demonstrate the analogy between the proposed strategy and frequency-based droop approach of the SGs. The effectiveness of the proposed control system is evaluated by simulations and verified by experiments.
A fast and accurate approximation for planar pose graph optimization

This work investigates the pose graph optimization problem, which arises in maximum likelihood approaches to simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). State-of-the-art approaches have been demonstrated to be very efficient in medium- and large-sized scenarios; however, their convergence to the maximum likelihood estimate heavily relies on the quality of the initial guess. We show that, in planar scenarios, pose graph optimization has a very peculiar structure. The problem of estimating robot orientations from relative orientation measurements is a quadratic optimization problem (after computing suitable regularization terms); moreover, given robot orientations, the overall optimization problem becomes quadratic. We exploit these observations to design an approximation of the maximum likelihood estimate, which does not require the availability of an initial guess. The approximation, named LAGO (Linear Approximation for pose Graph Optimization), can be used as a stand-alone tool or can bootstrap state-of-the-art techniques, reducing the risk of being trapped in local minima. We provide analytical results on existence and sub-optimality of LAGO, and we discuss the factors influencing its quality. Experimental results demonstrate that LAGO is accurate in common SLAM problems. Moreover, it is remarkably faster than state-of-the-art techniques, and is able to solve very large-scale problems in a few seconds.
Learn to Rank ICDM 2013 Challenge Ranking Hotel Search Queries

Learning to Rank (LeToR) is an important class of machine learning problems that focuses on finding an optimal sequence of documents as a function of some user query. In this project we consider hotel search and click-through data provided by the popular travel website Expedia.com, with the goal of developing a model that will provide a list of hotels ranked by highest likelihood of customer purchase. In this work, we propose to use the framework from the logistic regression binary classification algorithm to describe a straightforward linear model for ranking.
The Most Important Points in Grand Slam Singles Tennis

Abstract A computerized data management system was used to enter details of points played in 252 tennis matches from the men's and women's singles events of all four Grand Slam tournaments over a 2-year period. A supplementary data analysis system was developed to determine the proportion of points won by each player on serve at each game score from love all to deuce as well as the proportion of games the player went on to win from each score. Analysis of the 43 matches in which both players served at each score from love all to deuce revealed that the proportion of points won by the server was not significantly influenced by score, F(15, 495) = 0.8, p > . 05. A further analysis of the 175 matches consisting of at least 100 points revealed that the proportion of points won by the superior player was not significantly influenced by gender, F(1, 165) = 0.1, p > . 05, or surface, F(3, 165) = 0.1, p > . 05. However, the proportion of points won when serving was significantly greater in men's singles than women's singles, F(1, 165) = 69.7, p < . 001, R 2 = . 30. Surface also had a significant influence on the proportion of points won when serving, F(3, 165) = 8.1, p < . 001, R 2 = . 13, with a significantly greater proportion of points won when serving by both winning and losing players at Wimbledon than at the Australian and French Opens, p < . 05. This suggests that gender and surface should be accounted for when determining the importance of points in Grand Slam tennis.
Effects of Group Therapy on Female Adolescent Survivors of Sexual Abuse: A Pilot Study

ABSTRACT Treatment interventions for female sexual abuse survivors was explored through a pilot study examining the relationship between group treatment and adolescent self-image. Self-image was defined as body image, self-reliance, self-control, and impulse-control. An experimental pre-post design was utilized. Participants were 13 female adolescent high school drop-outs with a history of sexual abuse who participated in the National Guard Youth Challenge Program at Camp Shelby in Mississippi. Participants completed the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire for Adolescents. The hypothesis that group therapy was an effective intervention for sexual abuse survivors was not supported; however, this is likely due to the small sample size. Because this was a pilot study, mean trends were observed to see directional changes that may assist future researchers. Observation of mean trends revealed that participants who received group therapy increased in levels of impulse control while the group that did not receive group therapy remained the same. Mean trends also revealed that the experimental group had a decrease in self-reliance whereas the control group maintained their levels of self-reliance.
Evaluating multi-class learning strategies in a generative hierarchical framework for object detection

Multiple object class learning and detection is a challenging problem due to the large number of object classes and their high visual variability. Specialized detectors usually excel in performance, while joint representations optimize sharing and reduce inference time --- but are complex to train. Conveniently, sequential learning of categories cuts down training time by transferring existing knowledge to novel classes, but cannot fully exploit the richness of shareability and might depend on ordering in learning. In hierarchical frameworks these issues have been little explored. In this paper, we show how different types of multi-class learning can be done within one generative hierarchical framework and provide a rigorous experimental analysis of various object class learning strategies as the number of classes grows. Specifically, we propose, evaluate and compare three important types of multi-class learning: 1. ) independent training of individual categories, 2. ) joint training of classes, 3. ) sequential learning of classes. We explore and compare their computational behavior (space and time) and detection performance as a function of the number of learned classes on several recognition data sets.
Isolate the Clutter: Pure and Hybrid Linear-Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (LFMCW) Radars for Indoor Applications

Radars are among the best exponents of radio-frequency (RF)/microwave devices for remote sensing [1], [2]. Long-range radars have demonstrated outstanding potential not only for defense/security environments, such as the detection, location, and tracking of targets, but also on a plurality of civilian scenarios, such as meteorological/weather measurement tasks, imaging of the Earth's surface through synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques, monitoring of animal migrations, and many others [3]-[7].
TRANSFORMATION: CASE STUDIES. POINT AND CLICK.

Transformation – Session 1 Psa 139:23-24 Investigate my life, O God, find out everything about me; Cross-examine and test me, get a clear picture of what I’m about; See for yourself whether I’ve done anything wrong then guide me on the road to eternal life. Psa 139:23 Search me thoroughly, O God, and know my heart; try me and know my anxious thoughts; 24 And see if there be any hurtful way in me, And lead me in the everlasting way.
Transplantation of immortalized mesencephalic progenitors (CSM14.1 cells) into the neonatal parkinsonian rat caudate putamen

The present study analyzed whether grafts of the mesencephalic progenitor cell line CSM14.1 into the neonatal rat caudate putamen (CPu) differentiate into neurons and whether this is accompanied by a functional improvement in 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA)‐lesioned animals. As in previous studies, a neuronal differentiation of CSM14.1 cells transplanted into the CPu of adult animals could not be observed, so we here used neonatal rats, because graft location and host age seemingly are crucial parameters for neural transplant differentiation and integration. Rats bilaterally lesioned at postnatal day 1 by intraventricular 6‐OHDA‐injections 2 days later received 100,000 CSM14.1 cells prelabelled with the fluorescent dye PKH26 into the right CPu. Five weeks after grafting, the cylinder test was performed, and the data compared with data from age‐matched intact controls and bilaterally lesioned‐only animals. Brain slices immunostained for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were quantified by optical densitometry. We observed a significant preference of left forelimb use exclusively in transplanted animals. In these rats, TH‐containing perikarya were found in the grafted CPu, presumedly leading to the significant increase of TH‐immunoreactive fibers in this region. Moreover, confocal laser microscopy revealed a differentiation of transplanted PKH26‐labelled CSM14.1 cells into neuronal nuclei antigen or TH‐immunoreactive cells. Thus, CSM14.1 cells differentiate into TH‐containing neurons, which most probably contribute to the preferred forelimb use, indicating a functional integration of CSM14.1 cells into the host basal ganglia loops during early postnatal development. These findings that are in contrast to observations in adult rats suggest instructive cues for neuronal differentiation and integration given by the neonatal microenvironment. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Handouts for NASIT 2016 The Interference Channel

Then the intersection of the sets R(p̃(y1, y2|x1, x2)) over all p̃(y1, y2|x1, x2) with the same marginals as p(y1, y2|x1, x2) is an outer bound for the DM-IC. Proof. Intuitively, the first bound corresponds to a point-to-point bound between transmitter 1 and receiver 1 when receiver 1 has been given (as a “genie” or side information) the signal X2 transmitter by transmitter 2. Similarly for the second bound. The third bound may be seen as a multiple-access channel bound, where the two receivers are permitted to cooperate in decoding both messages, i.e. they look and act like a single receiver with output (Y n 1 , Y n 2 ) that must decode both messages. This is a straightforward proof, but we will go through all steps in detail just for practice.
Design of RoF based mobile fronthaul link with multi-IF carrier for LTE/LTE-A signal transmission

We report a design of RoF based mobile fronthaul link considering quality of optical link and LTE/LTE-A signal simultaneously. The requirement of CNR in analog link supporting LTE/LTE-A services is presented, and effects of analog link quality on LTE/LTE-A signal is investigated. The EVM measurement after transmission of LTE-A signal with various numbers of intermediate frequency over 20 km SMF link is also presented.
Self-Aligned n- and p-channel GaAs MOSFETs on Undoped and P-type Substrates Using HfO2 and Silicon Interface Passivation Layer

In this work, using Si interface passivation layer (IPL) we present the electrical characteristics of TaN/HfO2/GaAs both p-and n-MOSFET made on GaAs substrates with excellent electrical and reliability characteristics, thin EOT (~2.3-3.0nm), low frequency dispersion (< 5%) and high maximum mobility (1213 cm2/V-s) with high temperature PMA for n-MOSFET on undoped GaAs. Good inversion behavior with low Dit on lightly doped p-type GaAs has been obtained. P-channel GaAs high-k MOSFETs with excellent peak mobility have also been demonstrated
Optimized Light Sharing Module for High Resolution PET Block Detectors

Controlled deflection of light cones from excited crystal pins has been realized in a positron emission tomography (PET) block detector that allows the enhancement of spatial resolution. The new light sharing module consists of special double prism units optically coupled to a continuous light guide. Slope angle in the prism units can be optimized for each pin in the array. We present well correlating results of light distribution measurements and simulations of single crystal pins with double prisms with different slope angles. First test results of spatial resolution improvement with optimized pixels of a block detector are also presented.
CYTOTOXIC REACTIONS OF MOUSE ISO-ANTISERA: PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS.

HISTOCOMPATIBILITY differences among inbred strains of mice have been determined by skin and tumour grafting techniques, supplemented by the serological tests of haemagglutination (Gorer and Mikulska, 1954, 1959), haemolysis (Hildemann, 1957), and cytotoxicity (Gorer and O'Gorman, 1956). all the tests are capable of high degrees of specificity and sensitivity, the grafting methods are more difficult to quantitate and, as so far described, the serological trypan blue staining, released between 70 and 80 per cent of incorporated label into the supernatant solution.
An Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of Antipsychotic Use in Bipolar Disorder

Second generation antipsychotic (SGA) use in bipolar disorder is common and has proven effective in short‐term trials. There continues to be a lack of understanding of the mechanisms underlying many of their positive and negative effects in bipolar disorder. This study aimed to describe the metabolite profiles of bipolar subjects treated with SGAs by comparing to metabolite profiles of bipolar subjects treated with lithium, and schizophrenia subjects treated with SGAs.
Integrated care of the COPD patient: a pulmonary rehabilitation perspective

Educational aims To demonstrate that the current care system for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients often falls short of desired outcomes. To describe the concepts of the chronic care model and integrated care. To emphasise the positioning of pulmonary rehabilitation and self-management and self management strategies within integrated care. Summary The current acute care model for COPD is, in general, insufficient for optimal management of the disease. Single disease guidelines often fall short for diseases such as COPD that have prominent systemic manifestations and frequent comorbidities contributing to disease burden. Coordination of services is often inadequate, especially at the time of the COPD exacerbation, which is characterised by high morbidity, increased healthcare utilisation and increased mortality risk. The integrated care model for COPD may reduce some of these inefficiencies. On one level, integrated care means giving the right patient the right therapy at the right time. This can include smoking cessation therapies, the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and increased activity, optimal pharmacotherapy, collaborative self-management strategies, palliative therapy and end-of-life care. Additionally, integrated care improves access to care and reduces fragmentation of care through partnering, communication and coordination among healthcare professionals, patients and their families. Integration at the time of the exacerbation includes a comprehensive assessment of the patient at the time of hospital discharge, proper discharge planning, early discharge services, a self-management plan, sharing this plan with all pertinent healthcare providers, utilisation of a professional for case management and facilitation of the exchange of information with modern information technology. Pulmonary rehabilitation provides many of these services and can be considered a component of integrated care.