Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Studying a Postgraduate Course in Clinical Biomechanics on Professional Practice

Background There is a continual need for allied health professionals to maintain an active CPD portfolio for registration. Profession specific postgraduate studies have been shown previously to clinically enhance practice leading to extended scope and leadership roles. It is not well known though if completing an interprofessional, subject specific award has any impact on clinical practice. The aim of this paper was to retrospectively review what the clinical and professional practice impact was from gaining a postgraduate award in Clinical Biomechanics had on alumni’s practice. Methods 25 multidisciplinary alumni from Staffordshire University, Clinical Biomechanics suite of postgraduate awards, responded to a questionnaire designed to review any changes in clinical practice and the impact studying had had for participants. Results Thematic analysis of results highlighted trends in competency development and clinical impact of postgraduate study, indicating professional development and improved confidence in work interprofessional practices. Conclusion This study supports interprofessional cohorts of postgraduate study for a wider subject area, which has shown to enhance the evaluation of specific clinical practice whilst taking on a broader perspective of the topic, developing stronger and wider clinical conclusions.
Threat, risk, and vulnerabilityanalyses during the developmentof IT systems in the SwedishArmed Forces

This master’s thesis describes how two models from the Swedish Armed Forces; the risk management model and the IT lifecycle model can be combined. An example is then presented for how the risk management model can be extended for threats, risks, and vulnerabilities related to information technology. The combination and extension of the models are based on a literature study that lists and compares models and methods for threat, risk, andvulnerability analyses, as well as an analysis of threats related to information technology. From the combined and extended model, a design proposal for how to implement the identified functionality was identified. Based on an evaluation that showed that the program NTE and the plugin EASTER were suitable as the foundation for this implementation, the program NTE and the plugin EASTER were extended with further functionality and resulted in the implementation of the plugin ASCENSION. This was evaluated and resulted in ideas for a possible re-design and examples of the future potential of ASCENSION.
Evaluation of the Inverted Tee Shallow Bridge System for Use in Kansas

With the introduction of the pre-stressed concrete Inverted Tee (IT) girders as an alternative to the conventional concrete slab bridges, the distribution of live load in this system required considerable investigation. The approximate equations given to American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) can not be used for determining the distribution factors in the IT system because the required girder spacing conditions are not met. Therefore, there was a need for refined methods of analysis. This report presents the comparison of the AASHTO LRFD and AASHTO Standard Specifications, ignoring the spacing conditions, with the results obtained from 2-dimensional grillage analysis and 3-dimensional finite element analysis. For this purpose, two software packages were used namely, RISA-3D for grillage analysis and GT STRUDL for finite element analysis. The parameters that were included in this study were span length, superstructure width, skew angle, number of lanes loaded, end support conditions and overhang width. Based on this study, simple equations for determining girder distribution factors in IT bridges have been developed. Additionally, the effect of using both the Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) design procedures and AASHTO LRFD design procedures on the required number of strands was investigated.
Merging Shuttle Reactions and Paired Electrolysis: E-Shuttle Unlocks Reversible Halogenations

Polyhalogenated molecules have found widespread applications as flame retardants, pest-control agents, polymers and pharmaceuticals. They also serve as versatile synthetic intermediates in organic chemistry due to the inherent reactivity of carbon-halogen bonds. Despite these attractive features, the preparation of polyhalogenated molecules still mainly relies on the use of highly toxic and corrosive halogenating reagents, such as Cl2 and Br2, which are hazardous compounds to transport, store, and handle. Moreover, the use of such highly reactive reagents inherently makes the development of the reverse reactions, retro-dihalogenations, highly challenging, despite their potential for the recycling of persistent halogenated pollutants. Here, we introduce an electrochemically-assisted shuttle (e-shuttle) paradigm for the facile and scalable interconversion of alkenes and vicinal dihalides, a class of reactions which can be used both to synthesize useful polyhalogenated molecules from simple alkenes and to recycle waste material through retro-dihalogenation. The power of this reaction is best highlighted by an example, in which different soils contaminated with a persistent environmental pollutant (Lindane), could be directly used as Cl2-donors for the transfer dichlorination of simple feedstock alkenes, merging a recycling process with a synthetically relevant dichlorination reaction. We further demonstrate that this paired electrolysis-enabled shuttle protocol, which uses a simple setup and inexpensive electrodes, is applicable to four different, synthetically useful transfer halogenation reactions, and can be readily scaled-up to a decagram scale. In a broader context, the symbiotic merging of shuttle reactions and electrochemistry introduced in this work opens new horizons for safer transfer functionalization reactions that will address important challenges across the molecular sciences.
The effect of anti-slip devices on pedestrian safety: method development and practical test

Every winter, more than 100,000 pedestrians in the Nordic countries receive medical treatment as a result of falls on slippery surfaces. In addition, the risk of injury reduces interest in outdoor activities during the wintertime. Pedestrians injured in single-pedestrian accidents on icy and snowy surfaces also experience more serious injuries than pedestrians injured on other surfaces. Thus, there is a clear need for measures to reduce single-pedestrian injuries and improve the safety of walking, without curtailing the activity, year round. A "slip accident" occurs when a person loses his/her balance. An attempt is normally made to recover one's balance, and the person's balance is either recovered or a fall occurs. An injury may be the consequence of such a fall. The most critical phases of the human gait are the heel strike and the toe-off. Various countermeasures can be used . to reduce the risk of a person slipping and sliding when walking outdoors during the wintertime. Such countermeasures may involve the use of individual equipment, services provided by the community to assist vulnerable road-user groups or the public at large, and policy changes in winter-maintenance practices. Examples of measures targeting individuals include information on the risk of slipperiness, and encouraging the use of (or providing) winter footwear and/or anti-slip devices to be fastened to shoes. The issues considered in this thesis are related to the prevention of injuries from single pedestrian accidents by a specific measure, the use of anti-slip devices. More specifically, the following questions have been addressed in the studies it is based upon: - How can the properties of anti-slip devices be assessed? - How can more effective anti-slip devices be developed? - Do anti-slip devices improve walking ability and safety? In laboratory investigations, test methods were developed and applied to 33 anti-slip devices to assess the test methods against validated criteria, and to analyse the benefits of using different types of anti-slip devices. The tests were conducted by observing people making standard movements on various surfaces chosen to simulate the variations in winter maintenance standards on walkways: snow on ice, sand on ice, gravel on ice, salt on ice and pure ice. Movements were analysed from observations of video recordings, and subjective rating scales were developed to assess walking safety and walking balance. In addition, in a field study questionnaires were used to record exposure, occurrence of slips/falls, descriptions of the slips/falls that occurred and general experiences of the use of anti-slip devices.
VISCO-ELASTIC ANALYSIS OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS

The visco-elastic multilayer program 'VEROAD' is presented which does take into account the visco-elastic properties of the asphaltic mixes on the calculation of displacements, stresses and strains. VEROAD is an acronym for Visco-Elastic Road Analysis Delft. It models the asphaltic material visco-elastically and the load as a moving wheel. The time dependent displacements, stresses and strains (DSAS) can be obtained, as well as the permanent ones. The curves of both the longitudinal and transversal strains compare very well with those actually measured in full scale tests. Using the calculated DSAS the energy dissipated in a volume-element in the pavement can be obtained. This dissipated energy might be an indicator for initiation and growth of cracks. Also the permanent deformation can be obtained: the asphaltic layer which is most likely to deform can be found. In the paper the application of VEROAD for some actual problems is discussed. Emphasis is laid on the extra insight in the pavement constructions that is gained above using linear visco-elastic multilayer programs: time dependence of DSAS, permanent deformation and dissipated energy. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. 878228.
Regression Model for Pressure Drop of 50 mm Solid-Liquid Hydrocyclone

Pressure drop is an important parameter for designing and operating a hydrocyclone. High pressure drop leads to excessive consumption of energy, while too low pressure drop may affect the hydrocyclone efficiency. The objectives of this research were to investigate the parameters that affected the pressure drop of a 50-mm hydrocyclone, namely, underflow diameter, overflow diameter, inlet diameter, feed flow rate and feed concentration; a model that can be used to predict the pressure drop was also proposed. All possible regression methods were used for selecting the best set of parameters that affected the pressure drop. The results showed that the underflow diameter, overflow diameter, inlet diameter and feed flow rate were the set of parameters that mostly affected the pressure drop of the hydrocyclone. The regression model could predict the pressure drop of the hydrocyclone well when compared with the experimental results with the coefficient of determination, R2 and mean square error, MSE of 0.9802 and 0.0009, respectively.
Investigation of plasma wall interactions between tungsten plasma facing components and helium plasmas in the WEST tokamak

ITER will operate with a tungsten divertor, a material featuring surface morphology changes when exposed to helium plasmas, in particular the formation of the so called tungsten fuzz under specific conditions. Investigating interactions between tungsten plasma facing components and helium plasmas in a tokamak environment is therefore a key point to consolidate predictions for the ITER divertor performance and lifetime. To this end, a dedicated helium campaign was performed in the full tungsten WEST tokamak, cumulating ∼2000 s of repetitive L mode discharges. It is shown that conditions for tungsten fuzz formation, as derived from linear devices experiments (incident helium energy E inc > 20 eV, helium fluence >1024 He/m2, surface temperature T surf > 700 °C), were met in the outer strike point (OSP) area of the inertially cooled tungsten divertor elements of WEST. Preliminary inspection of the components after the campaign did not show visible signs of surface modification, but points to significant net erosion in the OSP area. An extensive post mortem analysis is now ongoing to confirm these first indications. These results underline that the complex balance between erosion/redeposition (in particular linked to impurities) and tungsten fuzz formation needs to be taken into account in tokamak conditions.
Determination of Ferrous Iron in the Presence of Ferric Iron With Bathophenanthroline

more uncertainty than that of iron. " Although the colorimetric methods applicable to natural waters are relatively satisfactory for the determination of total iron, difficulties may be encountered in the specific determination of ferrous iron. The analytic method recommended for the specific determination of ferrous iron in the ninth edition of Standard Methods 2 and referred to in the tenth edition *
Frequency Selective Surfaces: Theory and Design

General Overview. Element Types: A Comparison. Evaluating Periodic Structures: An Overview. Spectral Expansion of One- and Two-Dimensional Periodic Structures. Dipole Arrays in a Stratified Medium. Slot Arrays in a Stratified Medium. Band-Pass Filter Designs: The Hybrid Radome. Band-Stop and Dichroic Filter Designs. Jaumann and Circuit Analog Absorbers. Power Handling of Periodic Surfaces. Concluding Remarks and Future Trends. Appendices. References. Index.
COMPUTATION OF FABRICATION DIMENSIONS FOR CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES

The fabrication and erection plan of cable-stayed bridge construction includes the specification of the unstrained dimensions of the cables, girder, and towers. The assembly of the unstrained girder and tower elements forms the unstrained (fabricating) geometry of the structure. These data comprise information for fabrication and erection as well as providing a reference for 'forces' and 'displacements' in the associated static or dynamic analyses. This paper presents methods for generating these data. In particular, the unstrained geometry calculations use conditions of equilibrium and compatibility and follow a relaxation process. The computer programs developed are applied to typical cable-stayed bridges and have been found to yield useful, reliable, and efficient solutions. (a)
Multi-hazard Evacuation Route and Shelter Planning for Buildings

A bi-level, two-stage, binary stochastic program with equilibrium constraints, and three variants, are presented that support the planning and design of shelters and exits, along with hallway fortification strategies and associated evacuation paths in buildings. At the upper level, decisions are made regarding exit design, hallway fortification, and the location of shelters, their size and level of protection, with the objective of minimizing the expected maximum endured risk over all scenarios. At the lower level, the choice of evacuation routes by the users, following the upper-level design decisions, is modeled as a user equilibrium problem, where each individual seeks to minimize his/her risk exposure. Model variants involve both stochastic programming and robust optimization concepts under both user equilibrium (selfish) and system optimal (altruistic) conditions. Piecewise linearization of travel time functions and a disjunctive constraints transformation method that converts the single-level equivalent math program with complementarity constraints to a mixed integer program are employed to eliminate model nonlinearities. Integer L-shaped decomposition is adopted for solution of all four variants.
Interference Management by Resource Exchange for D2D Communication in Cellular Network

Scarcity in communication spectrum in cellular network is one of the major challenges faced by the service providers around the world. Many efforts were put forth to manage the efficient spectrum distribution among various cells in the network. Reusing the resources by different cells in a safe distance without interference is the current mechanism to improve spectrum efficiency. Spectrum efficiency can be even improved by reusing the resources within a single cell. Device to Device (D2D) communication, a new technology boosts the spectrum reuse inside a cell in 5G. The major hurdle in implementing D2D is in the management of interference in a highly mobile environment. This high mobility risks the life-time of a D2D link and frequent shifting from D2D mode to normal cellular mode will occur. In this paper an effort is put forward to maintain the D2D link as long as possible through a resource exchange mechanism. The exchange occurs when interference by a cellular or D2D link threatens another D2D link. This approach can improve the life-time of a D2D link and thereby improving the consistency of the network.
The image factory : fads and fashions in Japan

Just as a person contrives a style, the purpose of which is integration and the effect of which is presentation, so a nation collectively projects an appearance, a national' style. Such styles are made of many layers. The deepest layer is composed of the immutable and the traditional. Nearer the surface floats fashion, changeable but sometimes more abiding. And frothing on the surface is fad. By definition a fad is novel and appears from outside. Fads must have instant appeal and do not have a long shelf life. In Japan, an assortment of islands, the outside is often the quality that defines the inside. Japan has a history of chasing fads and fashion. Since the nineteenth century, foreign products have been welcomed in, from the cult for squeaky shoes' in the mid-nineteenth century to the current fad for virtual reality girlfriends. Japan's mandate was that, having been opened late, it had to hurry to catch up. Fads provide both a social distraction and a sense of cohesion, indicating not only foreign importation but also native adaptation. "The Image Factory" is both an investigation into fads, fashions and style such as US Army surplus uniforms, pachinko', mutating hair colours and an appreciation of their inherent meanings. The Japanese have seized upon fads and fashion as an arm of enterprise to a much greater extent than elsewhere in the world. Ephemerality has been put to work, the transient has become industrialized, and the results are highly conspicuous.
Magnesium thermal nano-sized powders of the chromium subgroup metals

A method for magnesium vapor reduction of the double oxides of chromium subgroup metals at low static pressure and dynamical vacuum was used. The study results of the production and investigation of tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, W-Cr mix and Mo-W alloy powders are presented. The specific surface area of the resulting powders was in the range from 14 to 41 m2·g−1. The average crystalline grain size estimated from the value of the range of coherent X-ray scattering was 8-40 nm.
Numerical study of the behaviour of wall shear stress in pulsatile stenotic flows

This paper presents a numerical study of pulsatile flow through an axisymmetric stenosed artery. Numerical calculations of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were carried out in an axisymmetric geometry to investigate how the wall shear stress (WSS) is affected by varying levels of stenosis contractions and pulse periods (reduced velocity). It is found that the distribution and strength of the WSS is closely correlated with the position of the vortex ring formed at the stenosis. Each vortex ring generates high WSS at the stenosis walls and this high WSS propagate downstream with the vortex ring. As the vortex ring convects downstream, it loses its strength due to viscous effects and WSS decreases in magnitude. In general, the strength of the vortex ring increases with increasing stenosis levels which leads to higher WSS values on the walls. The effect of smaller pulse period is to reduce the distance between the vortex rings, thus increasing the spatial variation of WSS along the stenosed artery.
Automated Survey of Pavement Distress Based on 2D and 3D Laser Images

Despite numerous efforts in recent decades, most information on pavement surface distresses cannot be obtained automatically, at high-speed, or at acceptable precision and bias levels. This research provided seed funding to produce a functional prototype, and the research team developed a prototype with line lasers and 3D cameras that overcame many existing limitations. The prototype has the capability of obtaining 3D pavement surface models at true 1mm resolution with full-lane coverage, and is capable of conducting real-time analysis on rutting and cracking.
Performance and Energy Optimization for the Android Platform

Software developers are faced with several challenges when creating applications for the new generation of mobile devices. Smartphones and tablets have limited processing power and memory resources, and a small battery is the only thing that keeps the hardware components running. End users have little patience for slow applications that drain the batteries of their devices. To satisfy the needs of their customers, developers must take these hardware limitations into account; they must make an effort to optimize the performance and energy efficiency of their applications. This thesis provides a general overview of performance and energy optimization in the mobile domain. A specific sub-area is explored in great detail: the use of native C code for performance and energy optimization of Android applications. An experiment was conducted to see how the performance of native code compares to that of Java. This is the first time that such measurements have been made on both emulators and physical devices. The devices were running recent versions of Android that have not been used for similar experiments before: 2.3. 3, 3.2 and 4.0. 3. It is also the first time that native code has been compared to Java in terms of energy consumption. The results show that the latest updates to the Android platform have brought Java closer to native code in terms of performance, but native code is still the best choice for certain types of operations. It is also evident that there is a close correlation between performance and energy efficiency. Finally, the results show that Android emulators are unreliable for performance measurements. This could be a reason to question the validity of previous research.
Queue Management and Interference control for Cognitive Radio

In this report I will look at the possibility of using a sensor network to control the interference to primary users made by secondary users. I'm going to use two Rayleigh fading channels, one to simulate the channel between the secondary transmitter and the sensor, and another to simulate the channel between the secondary transmitter and secondary receiver. I assume that the system is either using multiple antennas or that the secondary transmitter is moving relative to the sensor and primary user so that the channels share the same statistics. If the interference level gets too high at the sensor it should limit the transmission power at the secondary transmitter. And when it reaches a low level, the secondary transmitter can transmit with a higher power, depending on the channel between the two secondary users. I will study where the system stabilize. What the different variables control in the system. How the factor between the signal received at the sensor and the signal received at the secondary user are for different arrival rates. In the results i found out that small arrival rates have the highest efficiency compared to power at the secondary user and the sensor. When using a peak power constrain it helped stabilizing the system.