Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast accurate approximation of convolutions with weakly singular kernel and its applications

In this article, we present an $O(N \log N)$ rapidly convergent algorithm for the numerical approximation of the convolution integral with radially symmetric weakly singular kernels and compactly supported densities. To achieve the reduced computational complexity, we utilize the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on a uniform grid of size $N$ for approximating the convolution. To facilitate this and maintain the accuracy, we primarily rely on a periodic Fourier extension of the density with a suitably large period depending on the support of the density. The rate of convergence of the method increases with increasing smoothness of the periodic extension and, in fact, approximations exhibit super-algebraic convergence when the extension is infinitely differentiable. Furthermore, when the density has jump discontinuities, we utilize a certain Fourier smoothing technique to accelerate the convergence to achieve the quadratic rate in the overall approximation. Finally, we apply the integration scheme for numerical solution of certain partial differential equations. Moreover, we apply the quadrature to obtain a fast and high-order Nyst\"om solver for the solution of the Lippmann-Schwinger integral equation. We validate the performance of the proposed scheme in terms of accuracy as well as computational efficiency through a variety of numerical experiments.
Standard conjectures and height pairings

In this article, we extend Grothendieck’s standard conjectures [22, Conjectures 1, 2] to cycles on degenerated ﬁbers and use them to deﬁne some decompositions for the arithmetic Chow group of Gillet–Soul´e. In a local setting, our decompositions provide non-archimedean analogs of “ harmonic forms ” on K¨ahler manifolds. In a global setting, our decompositions provide canonical arithmetic liftings called “ L - liftings ” of algebraic cycles on varieties over number ﬁelds and thus provide a new height pairing called the L -height pairing as one extension of Beilinson–Bloch’s pairing of homologically trivial cycles.
The Research on the Treatment of Metastatic Skin Cutaneous Melanoma by Huanglian Jiedu Decoction Based on the Analysis of Immune Infiltration Analysis

Objective To explore the potential mechanism of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HJD) treatment and prevention of metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma (CM) occurrence and metastasis based on network pharmacological methods and immune infiltration analysis. Methods The GEO database was used to obtain metastatic CM disease targets, the TCMSP database and the HERB database were used to obtain HJD action targets, core genes were screened by protein interaction network, and the potential mechanism of HJD in the treatment of metastatic CM was explored by enrichment analysis, prognostic analysis and immune infiltration analysis. Results HJD treatment of metastatic CM involved 60 targets, enrichment analysis showed that HJD treatment of metastatic CM involved Chemokine signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, etc. Prognostic analysis revealed that HJD had a certain ability to improve the prognosis of metastatic CM patients. Immune infiltration analysis showed that HJD could inhibit the immune cell infiltration of metastatic CM patients by acting on related targets. Conclusions Our study identified the potential mechanism of HJD in the treatment of metastatic CM through network pharmacology, and revealed the mechanism of HJD in the prevention of Skin Cutaneous Melanoma metastasis through immune infiltration analysis and prognostic analysis.
The Effect of 3D Printing Metal Materials on Osteoporosis Treatment

3D printing has been in use for a long time and has continued to contribute to breakthroughs in the fields of clinical, physical, and rehabilitation medicine. In order to evaluate the role of 3D printing technology in treating spinal disorders, this paper presents a systematic review of the relevant literature. 3D printing is described in terms of its adjunctive function in various stages of spinal surgery and assistance in osteoporosis treatment. A review of metal 3D printed materials and applications of the technology is also provided.
An Optimized Method for Skin Cancer Diagnosis Using Modified Thermal Exchange Optimization Algorithm

Skin cancer is the most common cancer of the body. It is estimated that more than one million people worldwide develop skin cancer each year. Early detection of this cancer has a high effect on the disease treatment. In this paper, a new optimal and automatic pipeline approach has been proposed for the diagnosis of this disease from dermoscopy images. The proposed method includes a noise reduction process before processing for eliminating the noises. Then, the Otsu method as one of the widely used thresholding method is used to characterize the region of interest. Afterward, 20 different features are extracted from the image. To reduce the method complexity, a new modified version of the Thermal Exchange Optimization Algorithm is performed to the features. This improves the method precision and consistency. To validate the proposed method's efficiency, it is implemented to the American Cancer Society database, its results are compared with some state-of-the-art methods, and the final results showed the superiority of the proposed method against the others.
Resveratrol Prevents Right Ventricle Dysfunction, Calcium Mishandling, and Energetic Failure via SIRT3 Stimulation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary vessel remodeling; however, its severity and impact on survival depend on right ventricular (RV) failure. Resveratrol (RES), a polyphenol found in red wine, exhibits cardioprotective effects on RV dysfunction in PAH. However, most literature has focused on RES protective effect on lung vasculature; recent finding indicates that RES has a cardioprotective effect independent of pulmonary arterial pressure on RV dysfunction, although the underlying mechanism in RV has not been determined. Therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) modulation by RES in RV using a monocrotaline- (MC-) induced PAH rat model. Myocyte function was evaluated by confocal microscopy as cell contractility, calcium signaling, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm); cell energetics was assessed by high-resolution respirometry, and western blot and immunoprecipitation evaluated posttranslational modifications. PAH significantly affects mitochondrial function in RV; PAH is prone to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, thus decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential. The compromised cellular energetics affects cardiomyocyte function by decreasing sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity and delaying myofilament unbinding, disrupting cell relaxation. RES partially protects mitochondrial integrity by deacetylating cyclophilin-D, a critical component of the mPTP, increasing SIRT3 expression and activity and preventing mPTP opening. The preserved energetic capability rescues cell relaxation by maintaining SERCA activity. Avoiding Ca2+ transient and cell contractility mismatch by preserving mitochondrial function describes, for the first time, impairment in excitation-contraction-energetics coupling in RV failure. These results highlight the importance of mitochondrial energetics and mPTP in PAH.
The Silence of PSMC6 Inhibits Cell Growth and Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma

The proteasome has been validated as an anticancer drug target, while the role of a subunit of proteasome, PSMC6, in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not been fully unveiled. In this study, we observed that both the RNA and protein of PSMC6 were highly upregulated in LUAD compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, a high PSMC6 expression was associated with poor prognosis. In accordance with this finding, PSMC6 was associated with poor tumor differentiation. Furthermore, the silence of PSMC6 by small interference RNAs (siRNAs) could significantly inhibit cell growth, migration, and invasion in lung cancer cell lines, suggesting that PSMC6 might serve as a promising therapeutic target in LUAD. To further explore the molecular mechanism of PSMC6 in LUAD, we observed that the proteasome subunits, such as PSMD10, PSMD6, PSMD9, PSMD13, PSMB3, PSMB1, PSMA4, PSMC1, PSMC2, PSMD7, and PSMD14, were highly correlated with PSMC6 expression. Based on the gene set enrichment analysis, we observed that these proteasome subunits were involved in the degradation of AXIN protein. The correlation analysis revealed that the positively correlated genes with PSMC6 were highly enriched in WNT signaling-related pathways, demonstrating that the PSMC6 overexpression may activate WNT signaling via degrading the AXIN protein, thereby promoting tumor progression. In summary, we systematically evaluated the differential expression levels and prognostic values of PSMC6 and predicted its biological function in LUAD, which suggested that PSMC6 might act as a promising therapeutic target in LUAD.
Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Nafion/Au Nanoparticle Modified Electrode for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing

In this paper, a non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor, based on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) electrodeposited on an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide(ERGO)-Nafion modified glass carbon electrode (GCE), was reported. The graphene oxide-(GO-)Nafion nanocomposites were first assembled on the GCE surface to produce a GO-Nafion electrode. GO was then electrochemically reduced to produce an ERGO-Nafion modified GCE (to be subsequently denoted as GCE/ERGO-Nafion). Afterwards, AuNPs were electrodeposited on the modified GCE to form a GCE/ERGO-Nafion/AuNPs electrode. The ERGO-Nafion nanocomposites and the electrodeposited AuNPs were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the GO was reduced successfully and the AuNPs were uniformly dispersed on the GCE/ERGO-Nafion electrode with a size of about 48nm. The cyclic voltammograms and the amperometric method were used to evaluate the electrocatalytic properties of the GCE/ERGO-Nafion/AuNPs electrode. The results showed that the modified electrode displayed good electrocatalytic activity in relation to the reduction of H2O2 with a detection limit of 2 μM of (H2O2) based on a signal-to-noise ratio of three. The sensor also indicated great sensitivity (574.8 μA/(mM cm2)), wide linear range (0.02–23 mM), good selectivity and reproducibility, and long-term stability.
Role of SNPs in the Biogenesis of Mature miRNAs

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play a significant role in microRNA (miRNA) generation, processing, and function and contribute to multiple phenotypes and diseases. Therefore, whole-genome analysis of how SNPs affect miRNA maturation mechanisms is important for precision medicine. The present study established an SNP-associated pre-miRNA (SNP-pre-miRNA) database, named miRSNPBase, and constructed SNP-pre-miRNA sequences. We also identified phenotypes and disease biomarker-associated isoform miRNA (isomiR) based on miRFind, which was developed in our previous study. We identified functional SNPs and isomiRs. We analyzed the biological characteristics of functional SNPs and isomiRs and studied their distribution in different ethnic groups using whole-genome analysis. Notably, we used individuals from Great Britain (GBR) as examples and identified isomiRs and isomiR-associated SNPs (iso-SNPs). We performed sequence alignments of isomiRs and miRNA sequencing data to verify the identified isomiRs and further revealed GBR ethnographic epigenetic dominant biomarkers. The SNP-pre-miRNA database consisted of 886 pre-miRNAs and 2640 SNPs. We analyzed the effects of SNP type, SNP location, and SNP-mediated free energy change during mature miRNA biogenesis and found that these factors were closely associated to mature miRNA biogenesis. Remarkably, 158 isomiRs were verified in the miRNA sequencing data for the 18 GBR samples. Our results indicated that SNPs affected the mature miRNA processing mechanism and contributed to the production of isomiRs. This mechanism may have important significance for epigenetic changes and diseases.
Pathological Change and Whole Transcriptome Alternation Caused by ePTFE Implantation in Myocardium

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is commonly used in cardiovascular surgery, but usually causes postoperation complications. Although great efforts have been done to relieve these complications or to understand their mechanism, there are no applicable strategies available and no understanding mechanisms, especially in the myocardium. Here, ePTFE membranes are implanted into the right ventricular outflow tract of rabbits, and the implant-related myocardium is dissected and analyzed by histology and transcriptome sequencing. ePTFE implantation causes myocardium inflammation and fibrosis. There are 1867 differently expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs, 1107 upregulated and 760 downregulated) and 246 differently expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs, 110 upregulated and 136 downregulated) identified. Bioinformatic analysis indicates that the upregulated DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs are mainly involved in inflammatory, immune responses, and extracellular matrix remodeling, while the downregulated DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs are predominantly functioned in the metabolism and cardiac remodeling. Analysis of coexpression and regulatory relationship of DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs reveals that most DElncRNAs are trans-regulated on the relevant DEmRNAs. In conclusion, ePTFE implantation causes severe myocardial tissue damages and alters the transcriptome profiles of the myocardium. Such novel data may provide a landscape of mechanisms underlying the adverse reactions caused by ePTFE implantation and uncover new therapeutic targets for inhibiting the ePTFE-related complications.
Green Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aerva javanica Leaf Extract and Their Characterization and Investigation of In Vitro Antimicrobial Potential and Cytotoxic Activities

The development of green technology is creating great interest for researchers towards low-cost and environmentally friendly methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) attracted many researchers due to their electric, catalytic, optical, textile, photonic, monofluid, and pharmacological activities that depend on the shape and size of the nanoparticles. This investigation aims copper oxide nanoparticles synthesis using Aerva javanica plant leaf extract. Characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized by green route was performed by three different techniques: X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals the crystalline morphology of CuO-NPs and the average crystal size obtained is 15 nm. SEM images showed the spherical nature of the particles and size is lying in the 15–23 nm range. FTIR analysis confirms the functional groups of active components present in the extract which are responsible for reducing and capping agents for the synthesis of CuO-NPs. The synthesized CuO-NPs were studied for their antimicrobial potential against different bacterial as well as fungal pathogens. The results indicated that CuO-NPs show maximum antimicrobial activities against all the selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. Antimicrobial activities of copper oxide nanoparticles were compared with standard drugs Norfloxacin and amphotericin B antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of copper oxide nanoparticles were 128 μg/mL against all selected bacterial pathogens. MIC of fungus and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of CuO-NPs were 160 μg/mL. Thus, CuO-NPs can be utilized as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized CuO-NPs suggested that toxicity was negligible at concentrations below 60 μg/mL.
Body Balance and Physiotherapy in the Aquatic Environment and at a Gym

The increase in the average age of our society represents a growing medical and social problem, which requires concentration on the issue concerning balance disorders. The aquatic environment has a number of complex properties that have miscellaneous effects on the human body. In the light of the above, water is becoming an ideal environment to learn correct neuromuscular communication, and a properly prepared training session in water helps to practice balance and movement coordination. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of rehabilitation in the aquatic environment on patients' balance and compare the results obtained with patients who received rehabilitation at a gym. The study was carried out among patients hospitalised in the “Krzeszowice” Rehabilitation Centre. It encompassed 137 patients, randomly assigned to either the study group (the aquatic environment) or the control group (the gym). The preliminary examination included general medical history and a test on the stabilometric platform. The patients attended training sessions for 4 weeks, 5 times a week for 30 minutes. It was a single-blinded study wherein the authors did not know which group a given patient had been assigned to. Upon completion of a monthly therapy, the stabilometric test was carried out again. The study revealed that the patients from both groups experienced a significant improvement in balance. However, the improvement was slightly greater in those exercising in the pool. Physiotherapy in the aquatic environment makes a greater contribution to the improvement of body balance compared to physical exercises performed at a gym.
Suppression of Proinflammatory Cytokines by Etlingera alba (A.D.) Poulsen Rhizome Extract and Its Antibacterial Properties

Etlingera alba is one of the Etlingera plants that has not been studied intensively. Plants that belong to the same genus have similar constituents and pharmacological activities. Thus, we aim to investigate the chemical composition and pharmacological activities, namely, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, of E. alba rhizome extract (EA). The chemical constituent was detected using the test tube method. The inflammatory model rats were obtained by inducing them with 1% carrageenan, and their palm edema volume and cytokine levels, namely, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, were measured. Antibacterial activity was performed with broth microdilution. The phytochemical screening of EA was detecting alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and phenols. The EA has anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the palms' edema volume and cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α), and the optimal concentration was 400 mg/kg body weight (BW). On the other hand, EA also exhibited antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. enterica. In conclusion, similar to other Etlingera plants, EA also demonstrates pharmacological activities, namely, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.
Use of Narrow-Diameter Implants in Completely Edentulous Patients as a Prosthetic Option: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Objective The objective of the present review is to assess the implant survival, marginal bone loss, and biomechanical features of narrow-diameter implants (2.5-3.5 mm) supporting or retaining full-arch fixed or removable restorations. Materials and Methods Three operators screened the literature (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) and performed a hand search on the main journals that focus on implantology until 24 March 2019. Only articles that considered full-arch restorations supported or retained by narrow-diameter implants (2.5-3.5 mm) were considered if they have a minimum of 10 patients and a mean follow-up of at least 6 months. The outcome variables were survival of implants and marginal bone loss. The review was performed according to the PRISMA statements. Risk of bias assessment was evaluated. Failure rates were analyzed using random effect Poisson regression models to obtain the summary estimate of 5-year survival rate and marginal bone loss. Results A total of nine papers were finally selected, reporting a high survival rate of the implants. Eight studies focused only on the mandible while one study reported data from both mandible and maxilla. All studies reported on removable restorations; none focused on fixed rehabilitations. The estimated survival rate for 5 years of follow-up was calculated to be 92.25% for the implants. The estimated marginal bone loss after 5 years was calculated to be 1.40 mm. No study reported implant fractures. Conclusions With the limitations of the present study, there is evidence that 2.5-3.5 mm narrow-diameter implants retaining a removable restoration can be a successful treatment in fully edentulous patients. No data on fixed restorations was available.
A Search Method for Optimal Band Combination of Hyperspectral Imagery Based on Two Layers Selection Strategy

A band selection method based on two layers selection (TLS) strategy, which forms an optimal subset from all-bands set to reconstitute the original hyperspectral imagery (HSI) and aims to cost a fewer bands for better performances, is proposed in this paper. As its name implies, TLS picks out the bands with low correlation and a large amount of information into the target set to reach dimensionality reduction for HSI via two phases. Specifically, the fast density peaks clustering (FDPC) algorithm is used to select the most representative node in each cluster to build a candidate set at first. During the implementation, we normalize the local density and relative distance and utilize the dynamic cutoff distance to weaken the influence of density so that the selection is more likely to be carried out in scattered clusters than in high-density ones. After that, we conduct a further selection in the candidate set using mRMR strategy and comprehensive measurement of information (CMI), and the eventual winners will be selected into the target set. Compared with other six state-of-the-art unsupervised algorithms on three real-world HSI data sets, the results show that TLS can group the bands with lower correlation and richer information and has obvious advantages in indicators of overall accuracy (OA), average accuracy (AA), and Kappa coefficient.
Modulation of Sustained Attention by Theta-tACS over the Lateral and Medial Frontal Cortices

Theta oscillations over the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) and lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) play vital roles in sustained attention. Specifically, pMFC power and pMFC-LPFC synchronization correlate with cognitive control in sustained-attention-related tasks, but the causal relationships remain unknown. In the present study, we first analyzed the correlation between EEG theta oscillations (characterized by time-frequency power and phase-based connectivity) and the level of sustained attention (Experiment 1) and then utilized transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to modulate theta oscillations and in turn observed its effects on sustained attention (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, two time-frequency regions of interest (ROIs) were determined, in which high/low time-frequency power and high/low phase-based connectivity corresponded to high/low-level sustained attention. In Experiment 2, time-frequency power and phase-based connectivity of theta oscillations were compared between the sham and tACS groups within the time-frequency ROIs determined in Experiment 1. Results showed that phase-based connectivity between pMFC and LPFC significantly decreased in the tACS group compared with the sham group during the first five minutes of the poststimulation period. Moreover, a marginal trend existed that sustained attention was downregulated by tACS in the same time interval, suggesting that theta phase synchronization between pMFC and LPFC may play a causal role in sustained attention.