Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microfabrication of single-crystal silicon multiple torsional oscillators

Micro-oscillators of different designs and dimensions have been fabricated for use in a nuclear magnetic resonance force microscope. The various designs include double and triple torsional oscillators which have high Q's at room temperature (approximately equals 10,000) when operating at the upper cantilever and upper torsional resonances. Depending on design and dimensions, the resonance frequencies vary from tens to hundreds of kHz. Typical dimensions of the designs are (200 X 150) micrometers 2 X 200 nm thick. To fabricate these devices, microelectric fabrication techniques were employed. Si (100) wafers were patterned, etched, and boron-implanted at a dose of 4.2 X 1016 cm-2 and an energy of 134 keV. A post-implant anneal was then performed at 1000 degree(s)C, followed by a KOH wet-etch which leaves the free-standing boron-doped oscillators. Depending on the doping level, anneal, and etch parameters, the thickness of the oscillators varies from 100 - 400 nm. In order to optimize the design and fabrication process, resonance frequencies and Q's have been characterized using fiber-optic interferometry. For example, the upper cantilever resonance of one design has been found to have a minimum detectable force of 1.5 X 10-16 N/(root)Hz at room temperature.
Modeling of Weld Dilution in Gas Metal Arc Welding Process Using Taguchi's Design of Experiments

Gas metal arc welding is a fusion welding process which has got wide applications in industry. In order to obtain a good quality weld, it is therefore, necessary to control the input welding parameters. In other words proper selection of input welding parameters in this process contribute to weld productivity. One of the important welding output parameters in this process is weld dilution affecting the quality and productivity of weldment. In this research paper using Taguchi method of design of experiments a mathematical model was developed using parameters such as, wire feed rate (W), welding voltage (V), nozzle-to-plate distance (N), welding speed (S) and gas flow rate (G) on weld dilution. After collecting data, signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) were calculated and used in order to obtain the optimum levels for every input parameter. Subsequently, using analysis of variance the significant coefficients for each input factor on the weld dilution were determined and validated. Finally a mathematical model based on regression analysis for predicting the weld dilution was obtained. Results show that wire feed rate (W),arc voltage (V) have increasing effect while Nozzle-to-plate distance (N) and welding speed (S) have decreasing effect on the dilution whereas gas Flow rate alone has almost no effect on dilution but its interaction with other parameters makes it quite significant in increasing the weld dilution
Berechnung und Verminderung von Strömungsgeräuschen an Profilen

Die Arbeit behandelt die Berechnung und Verminderung von Stromungsgerauschen an Tragflugelprofilen. Dabei werden zwei Mechanismen der Larmentstehung betrachtet. Vorderkantenlarm entsteht aus der Wechselwirkung von Turbulenz in der Zustromung mit der Vorderkante eines Profils. Hinterkantenlarm entsteht aus der Wechselwirkung von Grenzschichtturbulenz mit der Profilhinterkante. Fur beide Mechanismen werden Vorhersageverfahren vorgestellt. Berechnungen und Messungen zeigen, dass Vorderkantenlarm stark von der Form der Profilnase abhangt. Dabei erzeugen stumpfe Profile bis zu 10 dB weniger Larm als solche mit einer spitzen Vorderkante. Fur den Hinterkantenlarm wurde ein Vorhersageverfahren mit einem Profilentwurfsprogramm und einem automatischen Optimierungsalgorithmus gekoppelt. Berechnungen zeigen, dass Larmreduktionen bis zu 4 dB durch einen gekoppelten aerodynamischen / aeroakustischen Profilentwurf erreicht werden konnen. This work deals with the prediction and reduction of aerodynamic noise of profiles. Two noise mechanisms are considered. Leading-edge noise results from the interaction of inflow turbulence with the leading edge of a profile. Trailing-edge noise results from the interaction of boundary-layer turbulence with the trailing edge. Prediction models for both mechanisms are presented. Predictions and measurements show that leading-edge noise depends strongly on the shape of the profile leading edge. Profiles with blunt trailing edges produce up to 10 dB less noise than profile with sharp leading edges. The prediction model for trailing-edge noise was coupled with a profile design program and an automated optimization procedure. Predictions show that noise reductions up to 4 dB can be achieved by coupled aerodynamic / aeroacoustic profile design.
Predicting textural greasy wool handle – is it possible?

The aim of this study was to determine if textural greasy wool handle can be accurately predicted from a suite of currently assessed and measured wool traits. A multivariate regression analysis indicated that greasy wool handle can be predicted with medium to low accuracy. Greasy wool handle assessment captures additional information on wool surface features not accounted for by the traits included in this study. Two data-sets were used as there was concern that the regression prediction models may be limited by the degree of accuracy achieved in the assessment of greasy wool handle. The full data-set contained data from a number of different assessors at a number of different sites; while the restricted data-set contained data from assessors who were involved in the formulation of the greasy wool handle assessment protocol and were expected to have a greater familiarity with the scoring system. The restricted data-set provided improved predictions compared to the full data-set. However, the accuracy level was still considered to be too low for on-farm use. This work further reinforces the need to develop a standardised robust protocol for greasy wool handle assessment.
The impact of organisational aesthetics upon innovation in the public sector : an exploration of employee perceptions of changes to workplace design

This study considers the impact of two examples of the Working without Walls (WwW) design initiative in the public sector. The Working without Walls (WwW) (2003) and updated Working beyond Walls (WbW) (2008) papers describe the government’s initiatives in workspace redesign. These aim to encourage employee participation, relationship enhancement and improve communication, as well as to reflect organisational strategy and build team identities. These aims resonate with the public sector modernisation reforms aimed to create effective, responsive and accountable services. At the same time an increasingly common approach across sectors has been the adoption of learning organisation principles as a method of creating a culture of interactive behaviour, innovation and knowledge creation. Many public sector agencies are developing strategies to empower employees and create a culture of shared learning and decision making, moving away from the traditional functional and bureaucratic management styles. Within this emergent policy context, this thesis investigates the extent to which the WwW model has facilitated learning through workplace redesign. The study investigates literature from public sector management, organisation theory, learning organisation and workplace design disciplines in order to guide the investigation. Two case studies of organisations who piloted the WwW approach were investigated. The case studies highlight individuals' experience of working in these new working environments, whilst also reflecting the enablers and barriers that research participants have faced. Analysis demonstrates that the critical success factors for facilitating learning through workplace redesign include the removal of many features of bureaucratic organisation and implementation of detailed cultural change programmes. The study has enabled the development of a change strategy which is designed to guide other public sector organisations implementing workplace redesign initiatives as a facilitator of innovation.
Active magnetic bearing design and characterization for high temperature applications

This thesis is motivated by one of the largest markets: aviation. This market, in which competition and investments are extraordinary, requires constant technical improvements in order to increase its competitiveness. Jet engines have an important influence on fuel consumption and servicing of airplanes, thus on the transportation cost. The present work was supported by the European Community [9]. This thesis investigates the use of active magnetic bearings for jet engines. It is expected that magnetic bearings could considerably reduce losses and service intervals in jet engines. The present work concentrates on the design and characterization an active magnetic bearing for applications at high temperature. The report begins with an introduction locating the accomplished work into the current economic and technical context. The advantages of such system are given, as well as the scientific contribution of the research which has been undertaken. An introduction to magnetic bearings is given, so that the key elements of the dimensioning of such a system are comprehensible for readers of all horizons. The maximum force produced by magnetic bearings is mainly limited by the heating related to the losses in the coils. A thermal model for high temperature magnetic bearings has been implemented. An experimental part allowed the validation of this model for a wide temperature range. The construction of a magnetic bearing requires various types of materials; soft magnetic materials, electrical conductors, electrical insulators as well as several fixation materials. Tests have been carried out and a catalogue lists the materials available for high temperature magnetic bearings. Position sensors are usually used in magnetic bearings. Eddy current position sensors have been developed. They were realized with coils printed on a ceramics substrate by using thick-film technology. Measurements done at high temperature show the great characteristics of these sensors. Problems of silver migration between the wires welding have been encountered during tests carried out at high temperature. Various solutions have been tested with the aim of avoiding the silver migration. The materials exposed at high temperature have unfortunately sometimes a limited lifespan. Studies of failures related to an exposure at high temperature have been done. Some failures are detectable by the magnetic bearing. An example of detection of possible short-circuits in the actuator coils is presented. Finally a prototype of an active magnetic bearing system with five degrees of freedom has been built. A furnace especially developed, makes it possible to create environments at high temperature. The characteristics of the active magnetic bearing have been measured during levitation at ambient temperatures from 25°C up to 550°C.
Auxiliary Roles in STT-MRAM Memory

Computer memories now play a key role in our everyday life given the increase in the number of connected smart devices and wearables. Recently post-CMOS memory technologies are gaining significant research attention along with the regular ones. Spin Transfer Torque Magnetoresistive RAM (STT-MRAM) is one such post-CMOS memory technology with a rapidly growing commercial interest and potential across diverse application platforms. Research has shown the ability of STT-MRAM to replace different levels of memory hierarchy as well. In brief, STT-MRAM possesses all the favorable properties of a universal memory technology. In this dissertation we have explored the roles of this emerging memory technology beyond traditional storage. The purpose is to enhance the overall performance of the application platform that STT-MRAM is a part of. The roles that we explored are computation and security. We have discussed how the intrinsic properties of STT-MRAM can be used for computation and authentication. The two properties that we are interested in are the dipolar coupling between the magnetic memory cells and the variations in the geometries of the memory cell. Our contributions here are a 22nm CMOS integrated STTMRAM based logic-in-memory architecture and a geometric variation based STT-MRAM signature generation. In addition we have explored the device physics and the dynamics of STT-MRAM cells to propose a STT based clocking mechanism that is friendlier with the logic-in-memory setup. By investigating the logic layouts and propagation style in the architecture, we have also proposed different techniques that can improve the logic density and performance of the architecture.
A head-neck biomechanical model of a 6-year-old child for frontal crash studies

The objective of this research is the development of a detailed computational model describing the kinematic and dynamic behaviour of a 6-year-old child head-neck group in frontal crash situations without head contact. The child model was scaled down from a previous biomechanical adult head-neck group. Three validation processes were performed. Firstly, the head centre of gravity acceleration was validated against the response of the head-neck group of MADYMO® Hybrid III 6-year-old dummy during a frontal crash. Secondly, the head centre of gravity displacement was validated against the scaled response of adult volunteers during a frontal crash. Finally, the occipital condylar moment was compared against the biofidelity requirements for Hybrid III 6-year-old dummy during the pendulum calibration test. Results showed good correlation between the response of the child model and both validation subjects, the child dummy and the scaled response of adult volunteers.
Attribute-based perceptual mapping using discriminant analysis in a public sector passenger bus transport company: A case study

SUMMARY This study aims at evaluating the customer expectations in a public sector passenger transport company, a crucial sector in developing countries like India. A questionnaire containing 18 quality characteristics was administered to various customers of three bus depots of one division of a state road transport undertaking in South India. Attribute-based perceptual mapping using discriminant analysis was done to position the three depots and to identify their strengths and weaknesses. The findings would help prioritize different parameters and also provide guidelines for managers to focus on and to improve. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of the arrangement of reinforcement on the behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs

Summary Tests on 10 two-way spanning, simply supported, reinforced concrete slabs are reported. The slabs were designed to have similar ultimate loads, but different arrangements of the reinforcement were adopted. The span/depth ratio was also varied. All slabs sustained loads higher than the theoretical collapse load given by the yield-line theory. The increased carrying capacity, due partly to tensile membrane action, ranged from 26 to 80 % depending on the arrangement of the reinforcement.
A simple three-dimensional computer simulation tool for predicting femtosecond laser micromachined structures

Laser micromachining is a powerful technique that is commonly used in microfabrication. Typically such laser systems are computer controlled, and the required microstructure is fabricated by multiple machining iterations, where the control program is modified until the required structure is achieved. Here a simple method of simulating an approximation of the surface topography that will result from a computer numerically controlled (CNC) laser machining program is presented for glass and silicon. The simulation allows rapid prediction of the etch depths, workpiece contours, resulting structuring and machining artifacts. It was found that the simulated surface topology closely matched that of the structures machined in each material (4% of the maximum etch depth for borosilicate, 7% for sodalime and 9% for silicon). A non-planar microfluidic channel system with through-substrate ports was produced in both types of glass and silicon. The design took 12 min to simulate and 74 min to machine, and the simulation was accurate to within 4 µm of the machined glass substrate.
Marker-Based Framework for Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Infrastructure

As no civil infrastructure can escape aging and deterioration, health monitoring can prevent and report serious structural damage. With the rapid evolution of computer vision algorithms, optical-based systems become an increasingly feasible option for automatic monitoring. This paper proposes a cheap and flexible standalone system based on marker tracking to report deflection of structural elements of civil infrastructure. A single marker is placed on tracked objects, which allows unambiguous identification of objects and accurate movement tracking. Accuracy of the system is discussed by presenting a theoretical analysis of the translation error. Additionally, as a proof of concept we extend our work with a low-cost laboratory test implementation.
Modeling Water-Resource Systems for Water-Quality Management

Water managers have been attempting to operate reservoirs in a “best water management strategy” to meet specific project objectives since the first man-made impoundment was constructed. When it was realized, several years ago, that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers must have the capability to analyze the operation of large multiple reservoir systems for water quality, the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) was funded to develop a computer program to meet this need. “HEC-5Q, Simulation of Flood Control and Conservation Systems” computer model has the unique capabilities to accept user-specified water quantity and quality needs systemwide, and to decide how to regulate a network of reservoirs. The decision criteria are programmed to consider flood control, hydropower, instream flow (municipal, industrial, irrigation, water supply, fish habitat), and water-quality requirements. A brief history and description of the HEC-5Q model is provided along with citations to related case studies and technical reports.
Food industry wastewaters and Nutrition, Dietetics & Nutraceuticals

I am pleased to present the inaugural issue of the journal of Nutrition, Dietetics & Nutraceuticals (NDN) from the open access international publishing house Research Open World. NDN provides a platform covering in an interdisciplinary manner all areas of Nutrition, Dietetics & Nutraceuticals. The goal of NDN is to publish actual, original and high-quality research articles, reviews, and short communications, which can be divided into three categories: The science of nutrition, Community Nutrition and Therapeutic nutrition and dietetics.
IMPROVEMENT OF VEHICLE MANEUVERABILITY BY DIRECT YAW MOMENT CONTROL.

SUMMARY This paper deals with a study to theoretically formulate an effective method of improving vehicle performance, particularly, its characteristics in the nonlinear region, and to verify the feasibility of the proposed method by calculations and examinations. In order to analyze vehicle characteristics in the nonlinear region, a new method of analysis was developed for determining yaw moment and side force of the vehicle with a parameter of the side slip angle at the center of gravity when its center of gravity point was fixed. The study with this new method found that direct yaw moment control by proper distribution of traction and braking forces on the right and left tires could provide a very effective means of stabilizing vehicle characteristics, specifically for acceleration and deceleration, and enlarging the limit of vehicle maneuverability.
Method of Performance-Based Design

In order to overcome some deficiency of design, American earthquake engineering and structural engineering experts have profound conclusion after the previous earthquakes, improved bearing capacity design method, put forward the theory of performance-based design. Methods of performance-based design mainly include displacement coefficient method; direct displacement based design method, capacity spectrum method and improved capacity spectrum method. Through the understanding of the main methods, enable us to better understand performance-based design, so as to improve the design of civil engineering.
I Saw it in the Movies, But Does That Matter? Product Placement in a Cross Cultural Study Between Brazil and the USA

The broader objective of this study was to measure the attitudes of consumers regarding the brand displayed by this strategy as well as to highlight recall, recognition and purchase intentions generated by product placement on consumers from both Brazil and the USA. Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient ensured the reliability of survey instruments. The study involved the use of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for the hypothesis testing. This study used the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess both the convergent and discriminant validities instead of using the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) or the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This reinforced for the use of the regression Chi Square and T statistical tests in further. Only hypothesis H3 was rejected, the rest were not. T test provided insight findings on specific subgroup significant differences. It can be concluded that product placement varies markedly in the U.S. from Brazil based on the influence of a range of factors. In order for product placement to become more competitive in the promotional marketing, there will be the need for researchers to extend focus from the traditional variables and add knowledge on the conventional marketplace. DOI: 10.5585/remark.v12i2. 2507
A linguistic fuzzy model learning for subsoil interpretation

Alrsfraet The study presented in thispoper ~ o n c e r m n Ieaining method for parameters of an informntion fuzzy fusion sysfcm. The applicotion thafprovides guidance for this problen! is fhe detection of subsoil regions liable Io contain oils. Such complex regions ore described by geophysicisfs by means of linguistic ruler linking several seismic attributes. The rules and the membenhip functions of the f u w fusion sysfem m e bail1 according to (I reference scf of poinu given'by upem. The lenlning method is based on on iterative principle which add new rules to fhe @em rrecording to the missclassifrd reference poinfs.
Remote Sensing Image Segmentation Based on Human Visual System Region-Split and Graph Cut

Aiming at the problem of poor real-time ability of Normalized Cut (NC), this paper suggests a remote sensing image segmentation algorithm based on region-split and graph cut within human visual system (HVS). According to the features of HVS, the algorithm uses region-split method to segment the remote sensing image into a large number of small regions. By integrating gray feature and spatial location of each region, NC is used to segment the image among regions from global view, by which the final segmented image can be generated. Experimental results show that comparing with the traditional NC, operating speed is significantly improved as getting close segmentation quality, and this is a kind of effective method of image segmentation.
A Simple Approach for Preliminary Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures to be Built in Seismic Regions

In the past forty years attempts have been made to decrease the loss of life during the expected earthquakes. Attempts include revisions made in the National Seismic Code. However such attempts could not bring the loss of life to an acceptable level, because these attempts were not focused on the main causes of heavy damages and collapses observed during the past earthquakes. Investigations and observations made revealed that a great majority of loss of life occurred in two to eight story dwellings and office buildings