Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of crystallographic modification in cadmium oxide (CdO) nanocrystallites due to doped transition metal (TM) ions

We have synthesized CdO nanocrystallites by the simple co-precipitate method. Influence of different transition metal ions (Cu, Mn, Cu-Mn) have been investigated on their structural morphology by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS. XRD revealed that rocksalt CdO crystalline structure has been appeared in all samples after heat treatment (750°C for 3h). The chemical bonding and IR vibrations are confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). SEM micrographs exhibited different morphologies corresponding to each dopant. Undoped sample has homogenous powder with grassy texture, Cu doped sample has flacks like structure, Mn doped has rod- like shape while Cu-Mn doped sample has almost spherical morphology. The analysis of elemental composition for each sample suggests the appropriate doping of transition metals (Cu, Mn & Cu-Mn). Various structural parameters like ‘d’ spacing; lattice parameters ‘a’, microstrain, and dislocation density is also calculated. This is further confirming the crystallographic modification appeared in CdO due to doping of Cu, Mn and Cu-Mn transition metal ions. The prepared doped metal oxides have numerous scientific and technological application awing to their unique properties specifically in Photovoltaic/Conductive devices.
Multi Spatial Relation Detection in Images

ABSTRACT Detecting spatial relationships between objects depicted in an image is an important sub-task in vision and language understanding. Its practical use lies in visual discourse when referring to objects by their relationship in context of others and finds application in higher level tasks such as visual question answering and image description generation. Presumably, the selection of spatial prepositions grounded in an image is straightforward. However, in general, human beings either do not always agree or are not consistent when choosing spatial prepositions. This could be due to various reasons, such as near synonyms, overlapping terms and different frames of reference. For these reasons, the automatic detection of spatial relations is a non-trivial multi-label problem. This paper addresses the automatic multi-selection of prepositions. The study is based on the development of a number of machine learning models, namely Nearest Neighbor (NN), k-Means Clustering (kM-C), Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (A-HC) and Multi-label Neural Network (ML-NN). The model performances are compared quantitatively using multi-label metrics as well as human evaluations that are independent of the ground truth labels. Additionally, the classification results are used as a basis to carry out an error and qualitative analysis that sheds light on the relative merits of how each model deals with synonymous and overlapping relations, and groups common errors to inform future directions. Furthermore, to gain insight into the merits of multi-label models, a single-label Random Forest (RF) classifier is developed and its results are included in the analysis. Of all multi-label models, the ML-NN exhibits the best overall performance when evaluated on both the dataset ground truth and the independent human evaluations. It, however, suffers from under-generating prepositions, while the rest of the models often generate more prepositions at the expense of precision. The clustering-based methods are also not quite consistent, although they do better than the other models in less frequent spatial configurations that other models struggle with. The results from the single-label RF classifier highlight the usefulness of having a multi-label model. Finally, the error analysis indicates that the majority of errors is due to lack of features that give cues on object position and orientation (object pose), the fixed frame of reference, and the failure to resolve depth in perspective view.
Quality of life, distrust in health care system and adherence to medical recommendations in patients with fibromyalgia: a latent profile analysis

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a very heterogeneous disorder. This heterogeneity is one of the reasons why researchers have tried to analyze different patient profiles and their relationship with quality of life. The aim of the present study was to identify: (1) latent profiles based on the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire’s scores, and (2) possible differences between them in quality of life, distrust in healthcare system, and adherence to medical recommendations. Methods : 707 FM patients (aged 18-85 years, 95% women) completed the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, the Patient Adherence Scale, and the Health Care System Distrust Scale. Data were analyzed using latent profile analysis. Results : Three profiles were identified: (1) Low fibromyalgia impact profile (2) Moderate fibromyalgia impact profile, and (3) High fibromyalgia impact profile. Significant differences between these profiles were found in quality of life, adherence to medical recommendations, and distrust in healthcare system. Poor-sleep quality emerged as a significant high important symptom in the three profiles. Conclusion : The greater the fibromyalgia impact, the lower the quality of life, and the adherence to medical recommendations and the greater the mistrust in the healthcare system. Self-perceived sleep quality in fibromyalgia patients should require special attention from clinicians.
Synthesis, Characterization and Theoretical Study of the Chemical Reactivity of New Cyclic Sulfamides Linked to Tetrathiafulvalene

Abstract The synthesis of the title compounds has been carried out by condensation via a Wittig-type reaction of a pyridinium hexafluorophosphate with a phosphonate ester to give the desired (4-nitrophenyl)tetrathiafulvalene the nitro group of which was reduced to an amino group. Reaction of the amine with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate and subsequently with tert-butyl alcohol gave the corresponding open-chain sulfamide. Cyclization under basic conditions and de-protection led to 2-[4-(4′,5′-dipropyltetrathiafulvalen-4-yl)]phenyl-1,2,6-thiadiazinane 1,1-dioxide. Finally, N-alkylated and N-acylated cyclic sulfamides linked to tetrathiafulvalene were obtained. Their electron donor ability was measured by cyclic voltammetry. A detailed DFT study based on B3LYP/6–31G (d,p) of electronic properties is also presented. The calculated molecular electrostatic potential shows that, the negative charge covers the nitro and sulfamide function, while positive charge is located at the hydrogen atoms of the amine and sulfamide rings. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energy reveals that charge transfer occurs within the molecule. The chemical reactivity parameters reveal that tetrathiafulvalene 1 is highly reactive, which facilitates the desired formation of the cyclic sulfamide. The first hyperpolarizability βtot shows that compounds 1 and 5 are good candidates as a NLO material. Graphical Abstract
Fidelity as a marker of topological phase transitions in 2D Dirac materials

Silicene, as other 2D buckled structures, is a gapped Dirac material with intrinsic spin-orbit coupling whose band structure can be controlled by applying a perpendicular electric field. It presents a topological phase transition from a topological insulator to a band insulator at the charge neutrality point. We present in this paper a characterization of this phase transition by using fidelity of Loschmidt echoes when a magnetic and two slightly different electric fields are applied by considering the time evolution of two kinds of wave packets, one with a single Gaussian profile and the other with a double Gaussian profile creating a cat state. We also show that Zitterbewegung, classical and revival Loschmidt periods diverge close to but not exactly at the charge neutrality point and explain this behaviour.
Partially coherent spontaneous parametric downconversion: Twisted Gaussian biphotons

Partially coherent optical beams present phenomena that may not appear in perfectly coherent beams. In this regard, spontaneous parametric downconversion is an intriguing physical process, since the optical properties of the pump laser beam are transferred to the quantum properties of the down-converted photon pairs. Here, the authors study the transfer of twist phase, a novel property of the so-called twisted Gaussian Schell model beams, from a pump beam to down-converted photons. The authors show that a non-zero twist phase can lead to highly entangled yet highly mixed states. The correlations that appear in near/far-field intensity measurements, in the two-photon covariance matrix as well as in orbital angular momentum modes, are explored. The authors derive expressions for the purity of the two-photon state and relate it to the transverse spatial coherence of the pump beam. Their main results utilize a Wigner function formalism that can be applied to a number of scenarios involving partially coherent downconversion sources and contribute to the recent interest in spatially correlated photon pairs produced in mixed states, with possible applications in quantum communication and imaging.
Attitudes toward Learning English and Procrastination in Students from a Private Institution Specialized in Foreign Languages in the City of Lima-Peru

The current study has as its objective to analyze the relationship between students’ attitude towards learning English and the procrastinating behavior at the academic level. Attitudes strengthen people’s motivation to learn a foreign language (Delfín, 2007), and procrastination, which involves unjustified delaying of activities, causes negative consequences in completing academic tasks postponement of responsibilities (Rodríguez & Clariana, 2017). The design was correlational, and the sample consisted of 55 students learning English. The instruments were the Attitudes towards English language learning questionnaire and the academic procrastination questionnaire. According to the results, evidence shows that there is a positive median relationship between the variables, leading us to conclude that despite having positive attitudes towards learning English, procrastinating behavior does not diminish. The results of this study could be utilized in bilingual programs, or those could also be utilized to implement curricula in language programs at schools or universities. The idea is that higher education institutions include, as mandatory, the instruction of English as a global language. How to cite this article: Marquina Luján, R. J., Huaire Inacio, E. J., Horna Calderón, V. E. , Villamar Romero, R. M. , & Kishnani García, A. (2021). Attitudes toward Learning English and Procrastination in Students from a Private Institution Specialized in Foreign Languages in the City of Lima-Peru. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 30(2), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v30n2. 83678
Comparative ecomorphology of the sandstone night lizard (Xantusia gracilis) and the granite night lizard (Xantusia henshawi)

Abstract It is hypothesized that shape differences between the closely related sandstone night lizard (Xantusia gracilis) and the granite night lizard (X. henshawi) may be correlated with structual differences in their respective microhabitats. Multivariate and univariate analyses of 22 morphometric characters taken from the head, body, and limbs of both saxicolus specialists recovered statistically significant differences between them with X. gracilis having a wider head, longer snout, larger eyes, wider sternum, higher and wider pelvis, thinner limbs, longer forearms and thighs, and longer hind limbs. Many of these same proportional differences have been reported among very closely related saxicolus species in other lizard families (i.e. Eublepharidae, Gekkonidae, Phrynosomatidae) that also live on different rocky substrates. This supports the inference that morphometric differences between X. gracilis and X. henshawi are ecomorphological adaptations for navigating the substantially different substrates of their respective microhabitats. Xantusia gracilis is restricted to a loose, heterogeneous, sandstone microhabitat composed of large boulders, small rocks, and cliff faces where cracks, crevices, holes, and exfoliations are used as retreats versus the compact, more homogeneous, granite boulder microhabitat of X. henshawi where narrow spaces beneath exfoliations and cap-rocks are the preferred retreats.
Classification of Aquifer Vulnerability by Using the DRASTIC Index and Geo-Electrical Techniques

Vulnerability analysis in areas vulnerable to anthropogenic pollution has become a key element of sensible resource management and land use planning. This study is intended to estimate aquifer vulnerability using the DRASTIC model and using the vertical electrical sounding (VES) and electrical conductivity (EC) outcomes. The model allows for the identification of hydrogeological environments within the scope of the research, based on a composite definition of each environment’s main geological, geoelectrical, and hydrogeological factors. The results from the DRASTIC model were divided into four equal intervals, high, medium, low, and very low drastic index values. The SW area and NE area depict drastic index values from medium to very high, making it the most vulnerable zone in the study area, while the NW and SW areas show low to very low drastic index values. In addition, the results from the VES and EC the freshwater aquifer in the NE area and brackish water in the SE area, while the rest of the area falls into the category of brackish water. Overall, it can be concluded that areas having freshwater assemblages are on the verge of becoming contaminated in the future while the rest of the NW and SW areas constitute less vulnerable zones. The validation conducted for DRASTIC and EC shows a nearly positive correlation. Wastewater treatment policies must be developed throughout the studied region to prevent contamination of the remaining groundwater.
Asymmetry across international borders: Research, fishery and management trends and economic value of the giant sea bass (
 Stereolepis gigas
 )

Co- operation in the management of shared fish stocks is often necessary to achieve sustainability and reduce uncertainty. The United States of America (USA) and Mexico share a number of fish stocks and marine ecosystems, while there is some binational co- operation in scientific research, unilateral management decisions are generally the rule. We present a case study using the giant sea bass ( Stereolepis gigas , Polyprionidae) to highlight how these management and research asymmetries can skew national perceptions of population status for a fully transboundary species. Scientific publications and annual funding related to giant sea bass are 7x and 25x higher in the USA, respectively, despite the fact that 73% of the species’ range occurs in Mexico. Conversely, annual fishery production and consumptive value of giant sea bass in Mexico are 19x and 3.5x higher than in the USA, respectively, while the non-consumptive value related to dive ecotourism is 76x higher in the USA. These asymmetries have generated a distorted view of the population status of the giant sea bass across its entire range. This and other factors related to historical fishery dynamics and policy must be accounted for when assessing population status, and subsequent appropriate management responses, across geopolitical boundaries.
Inelastic H-Atom scattering from ultra-thin films

This thesis contains experimental and theoretical fundamental studies of energy transfer processes on various surfaces via inelastic hydrogen atom scattering using the Rydberg atom tagging machine. The initial investigations of in total six late transition fcc-metals (Au, Pt, Ag, Pd, Cu, Ni) allowed to establish and optimize the experimental methodology as well as to simultaneously substantiate a theoretical model for the general description of energy-transfer processes on metal surfaces. Hence, it could be determined that the energy transfer for the investigated fcc-metals predominantly takes place via electron-hole-pair excitation. Despite its smaller contribution, phonon excitation was found to be essential in order to describe the experimentally determined (H/D)-isotope effects. During the subsequently performed first hydrogen scattering experiments on insulating bulk as well as thin-layer surfaces, primarily direct inelastic scattering was observed that could be described by simple collision models. The variation of the layer thickness down to less than one monolayer of insulating aluminium oxide did not yield any significant changes of the scattering results, thus, a potential cooperative effect with the platinum substrate have been ruled out. These results as well as the scattering experiments performed on an oxygen covered Pt(111) surface would further suggest that scattering almost exclusively occurs on the quasi-isolated oxygen atoms on the surface. In a concluding series of hydrogen scattering experiments of (1 x 1) oriented graphene and partially rotated graphene on Ni(111), it was possible to study the C-H bond formation process between an impinging hydrogen atom and the graphene surfaces. The experimentally determined adsorption threshold significantly differs for both modification as well as with respect to prior studies of graphene on Pt(111), which could be explained by different interaction strengths between the graphene surface and the metal substrate. In addition, a detailed data analysis of the performed experiments further allowed to assign two new scattering components that previously had not been considered for graphene on Pt(111).
Relationship Between Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) in Generation Z with Stress as a Moderator

Recently, Generation Z is said to be the successor of the Millennial Generation. Generation Z is known as the versatile generation through all advanced technologies such as smartphones. The American Psychological Association survey in 2018 found that Generation Z is one of the most stressful generations. There are 55% of them doing coping stress using social media. Currently, the use of social media can be done via a smartphone. However, in recent years the use of smartphones has created new problems, namely fear of missing out (FoMO) and problematic smartphone use (PSU) and was found to have a positive relationship between FoMO and PSU. Until now, there has been no further research that explains the role of stress in the FoMO and PSU relationships, especially for Generation Z. So the aim of this study is to see the role of stress moderators on the relationship between FoMO and PSU in Generation Z. The study was conducted on 300 people with a range of age 13-23 years who were conducted from November to December in 2020. The results obtained were that FoMO had a positive and significant relationship with PSU, but stress was found to have no role moderator on the relationship between FoMO and PSU. So, it can be concluded that stress cannot be a moderating variable on the relationship between FoMO and PSU.
Simple two‐stage weighting factor design for finite control set model predictive control of modular multilevel converters

Due to discrete nature of power converters, finite control set model predictive control (FCS‐MPC) is considered as an attractive choice for these systems. Since this control technique provides advantages like improved dynamic performance and inclusion of several control objectives in a single cost function, it is especially appropriate for topologies like modular multilevel converters (MMCs), where multiple control goals, that is, output and circulating currents control, and cells' capacitor voltage balancing should be satisfied. Despite these advantages, huge computational burden and weighting factor selection are two serious obstacles. In this work, a simple two‐stage weighting factor selection scheme is suggested for FCS‐MPC applied to MMCs. At the first stage, some offline tests are conducted for different weighting factors; and a pre‐optimal value is selected, based on minimizing the total harmonic distortion (THD) of output current and root mean square (RMS) value of the circulating current. However, since optimal performance at different operating conditions is achieved by different weighting factors, the pre‐optimal value will be updated at the second stage by a simple online algorithm. Moreover, a technique is suggested for effectively decreasing the computational burden. Finally, by conducting several simulation and experimental tests, the satisfactory performance of proposed controller is validated, compared to fixed weighting factor FCS‐MPC.
Individual‐resource network between Xylocopa bees and plant resources: generalist species, specialist individuals?

1. The resource partitioning hypothesis states that sympatric, morphologically, and functionally similar species can coexist by temporal separation or low food overlap. Also, the interindividual variations about the use of resources, i.e. individual specialisation, can promote the resilience and stability of their populations when an environmental disturbance affects food availability.
A molecular dynamics study of water-soluble polymers: analysis of force fields from atomistic simulations

ABSTRACT A force field (FF) analysis was performed on three water-soluble polymers (PAM, PNIPAAm, and PEO), that are of significant interest for biomedical applications, by measuring the polymer radius of gyration (Rg), solvent accessible surface area (SASA), radial distribution functions (g(r)), and relative shape anisotropy (κ2) in dilute conditions. Three generalised FFs were utilised to model PAM and PNIPAAm (DREIDING, GAFF, and GAFF2) in conjunction with five water models: SPC, SPC/E, TIP3P, TIP4P, and TIP4P/2005. It was found that the DREIDING FF showed better agreement with PAM experimental data reported for Rg, irrespective of the water model. For PNIPAAm, the DREIDING FF was also the best performing among the FFs studied; however, the choice of water model played an important role in the predicted properties. The trends in SASA and κ2 are consistent with Rg. For PEO modelled with the CHARMM C35r FF, all water models except TIP3P resulted in good agreement with experimental and previous simulation data. These results highlight the considerable impact that polymer and water FFs can have on sampling appropriate polymer conformations in solvated systems.
Recent progress in porphyrin-based materials for organic solar cells

This article is written to provide an up-to-date review of porphyrin-based materials used in organic solar cells (OSCs). During the past two decades, OSCs have been the subject of extensive research and significant efforts have been devoted to developing low-cost OSCs, and they are not far from commercialization. Porphyrin and its analogues have been successfully applied to different optoelectronic devices, especially attaining remarkable fame when applied in dye sensitized solar cells. Despite the initial failures of their application in OSCs, porphyrins still attract much attention because of their structural versatility and recently realized significant improvement. In this review, we focus on summarizing the recent progress in porphyrin-based photovoltaic materials, including polymers, dyads, triads, small-molecules, and so on. We hope this paper could provide an in-depth study on the structure–property–performance relationship and provide a guideline for the further development of porphyrin-based and even other photovoltaic materials.
Determining optimal photogrammetric adjustment of images obtained from a fixed‐wing UAV

Photogrammetry with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has become a source of data with extensive applications. The accuracy is of utmost significance, yet the intention is also to find the best possible solutions for data acquisition in economic terms. The objective of the research was the analysis of various variants of the bundle block adjustment. The analysis concerns data which is diversified with respect to the type of shutter (rolling/global), the measurement of external orientation elements, the overlap and the number of ground control points (GCPs).