Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for the Acoustic Wave Equation in Higher Dimensions

In this paper, we develop and analyze a new class of discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods for the acoustic wave equation in mixed form. Traditional mixed finite element (FE) methods produce energy conserving schemes, but these schemes are implicit, making the time-stepping inefficient. Standard DG methods give explicit schemes, but these approaches are typically dissipative or suboptimally convergent, depending on the choice of numerical fluxes. Our new method can be seen as a compromise between these two kinds of techniques, in the way that it is both explicit and energy conserving, locally and globally. Moreover, it can be seen as a generalized version of the Raviart-Thomas FE method and the finite volume method. Stability and convergence of the new method are rigorously analyzed, and we have shown that the method is optimally convergent. Furthermore, in order to apply the new method for unbounded domains, we apply our new method with the first order absorbing boundary condition. The stability of the resulting numerical scheme is analyzed.
A Posteriori Error Estimates for Finite Element Approximation of Unsteady Incompressible Stochastic Navier-Stokes Equations

In this paper, we consider the unsteady incompressible stochastic Navier-Stokes equations containing a noise part. The purpose of this paper is to derive a posteriori error estimates for the finite element approximation of stochastic equations applied the weighted Clement-type interpolator. We obtain the posteriori error upper and lower bounds for the semidicretization scheme and the full backward Euler discretization scheme.
Ingestão alimentar em estudos epidemiológicos

A epidemiologia da nutricao dispoe de uma gama de metodologias para avaliar o estado nutricional. Entretanto, os metodos dieteticos sao os unicos capazes de detectar a deficiencia nutricional em seu estagio inicial, sendo por isso bastante utilizados em estudos epidemiologicos de associacao entre exposicoes e eventos. Atualmente, o metodo dietetico mais indicado para estudos epidemiologicos, principalmente aqueles envolvendo doencas cronico-degenerativas, tem sido o questionario semiquantitativo de frequencia alimentar (QSFA). Este instrumento, nao diferente de outros, esta sujeito a variabilidade e a erros de medida. Entretanto, estes podem ser identificados e tratados utilizando-se metodos como comparacao de medias dieteticas, estudos de confiabilidade, de validacao relativa e de calibracao. Em estudo realizado em Bambui-MG, o consumo de nutrientes foi avaliado por tres diferentes metodos: QSFA e recordatorios 24 horas (R24) com e sem replicas de alimentos, tendo suas medias comparadas e calibradas. As medias encontradas pelo QSFA foram consistentemente maiores do que as dos R24. No entanto, quando essas foram ajustadas pelo consumo calorico total nao apresentaram diferencas importantes, exceto para fibras; zinco; vitaminas C; B6, e E; e colesterol. E as medias calibradas foram, em geral, menores do que as nao calibradas, sendo estatisticamente significantes para ingestao de lipideos; fibras; zinco; vitaminas C, E e A; acidos graxos saturados, monoinsaturados e poliinsaturados; e colesterol.
Diffraction by a Defect in an Open Waveguide: A Mathematical Analysis Based on a Modal Radiation Condition

We consider the scattering of a time-harmonic acoustic wave by a defect in a twodimensional open waveguide. The scattered wave satisfies the Helmholtz equation in a perturbed layered half-plane. We introduce a modal radiation condition based on a generalized Fourier transform which diagonalizes the transverse contribution of the Helmholtz operator. The uniqueness of the solution is proved by an original technique which combines a property of the energy flux with an argument of analyticity with respect to the generalized Fourier variable. The existence is then deduced classically from Fredholm's alternative by reformulating the scattering problem as a Lippmann-Schwinger equation by means of the Green's function for the layered half-plane. © 2009 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
Filtration Combustion in Wet Porous Medium

We consider the filtration combustion for configuration where air is injected behind the wave into a porous medium containing a solid fuel. The simplest flow contains planar combustion and thermal waves, each propagating with its own speed. In this work, we study such a flow, in the case where the porous medium contains initially also some amount of liquid; therefore, vaporization and condensation occur too, giving rise to a wave structure richer than in dry combustion. We find two possible sequences of waves, and we characterize the internal structure of all waves. In an example for typical parameters of in-situ combustion, we compare the analytical results with direct numerical simulations.
Loop-mediated isothermal ampliﬁ cation (LAMP): a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic method for infectious diseases

sensitivity and speciﬁ city comparable to or even better than that of classical culture methods. Many ampliﬁ - cation methods, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), ligase chain reaction (LCR), nucleic acid sequence-based ampliﬁ cation (NASBA), and strand displacement ampliﬁ - cation (SDA) have already been commercialized as kits and introduced into routine diagnostics as nucleic acid ampliﬁ - cation tests (NATs). 9 NATs can offer additional advantages over conventional methods; for instance, by the facilitation of standardization and automation coupled with an ability to type species and detect drug resistance. 10 Since loop-mediated isothermal ampliﬁ cation (LAMP) was originally reported by Notomi et al. in 2000, 11 LAMP has attracted a lot of attention as a potentially rapid,
Características clínicas de uma amostra de pacientes com a síndrome do olho do gato

OBJECTIVE: The cat eye syndrome is considered a rare chromosomal disease and a phenotypically quite variable condition. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of a sample of patients with the syndrome evaluated in our Service. METHODS: Six patients with diagnosis of cat eye syndrome were retrospectively evaluated. All presented a karyotype with presence of an additional chromosome marker, inv dup(22)(pter->q11.2::q11.2->pter). One of them still had a mosaicism with a lineage with a normal chromosomal constitution. Clinical and evolution data were collected from their medical records. Fisher exact test (P<0.05) was used for comparison between the frequencies found in our study and literature. RESULTS: The main abnormalities found were preauricular skin tags/pits and imperforate anus (both observed in 83% of cases). Iris coloboma, an important feature of the syndrome was verified in 2 cases (33%). Congenital heart defect observed in 4 patients (67%), with the atrial septal defect (75%) as the most observed. Uncommon features included the hemifacial microsomia associated to microtia, besides biliary atresia. In relation to the evolution, only one of the patients died and this occurred secondary to quilothorax and sepsis. CONCLUSION: The phenotype observed in the cat eye syndrome is very variable and may overlap with that of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum. Despite the good prognosis usually presented by the individuals, also from the neurological point of view, we believe that all patients with the syndrome should be evaluated as early as possible for presence of heart, biliary and anorectal malformations. This should avoid possible complications, including death.
Tensor-Train Decomposition

A simple nonrecursive form of the tensor decomposition in $d$ dimensions is presented. It does not inherently suffer from the curse of dimensionality, it has asymptotically the same number of parameters as the canonical decomposition, but it is stable and its computation is based on low-rank approximation of auxiliary unfolding matrices. The new form gives a clear and convenient way to implement all basic operations efficiently. A fast rounding procedure is presented, as well as basic linear algebra operations. Examples showing the benefits of the decomposition are given, and the efficiency is demonstrated by the computation of the smallest eigenvalue of a 19-dimensional operator.
Asymptotic Approximations for Asian, European, and American Options with Discrete Averaging or Discrete Dividend/Coupon Payments

We develop approximations to the pricing of options on an asset which makes discrete dividend payments, focusing on the case of frequent payments. The principal mathematical tool is the method of multiple timescales, allied to matched asymptotic expansions. We first analyze European style options, deriving the continuously paid dividend equation as a limiting case of the relevant discrete problem, and we analyze the range accrual note to compute the relevant “continuity correction. ” We also carry out the same analysis for Asian options with discrete averaging. We then give a detailed description of the intricate exercise policies that arise for American put (and, to a lesser extent, call) options when dividends are paid discretely, for the cases of proportionate and fixed-amount dividends.
Clinical Prescription and Use of Prosthetic Foot and Ankle Mechanisms: A Review of the Literature

AState-of-the-Science Conference (SSC) is designed to provide a systematic review of literature and ranking of evidence on a conference topic. The purpose is to evaluate the available scientific information on an aspect of orthotic and prosthetic (O&P) care and develop statements that advance understanding of the issues in question that will be useful to health professionals and the public. It may also serve as a mechanism to document clinical belief systems in O&P care, based on what is understood through sound research or from expert opinion. The end goals of an SSC are to publish a document that identifies and ranks the available evidence and defines the current status of patient care, to develop consensus on controversial issues where possible, and to identify research priorities. The focus of this SSC and this literature review is the body of scientific evidence that supports the clinical prescription and use of prosthetic foot and ankle mechanisms.
Pitavastatin is a more sensitive and selective organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B clinical probe than rosuvastatin.

AIMS Rosuvastatin and pitavastatin have been proposed as probe substrates for the organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B, but clinical data on their relative sensitivity and selectivity to OATP1B inhibitors are lacking. A clinical study was therefore conducted to determine their relative suitability as OATP1B probes using single oral (PO) and intravenous (IV) doses of the OATP1B inhibitor rifampicin, accompanied by a comprehensive in vitro assessment of rifampicin inhibitory potential on statin transporters. METHODS The clinical study comprised of two separate panels of eight healthy subjects. In each panel, subjects were randomized to receive a single oral dose of rosuvastatin (5 mg) or pitavastatin (1 mg) administered alone, concomitantly with rifampicin (600 mg) PO or IV. The in vitro transporter studies were performed using hepatocytes and recombinant expression systems. RESULTS Rifampicin markedly increased exposures of both statins, with greater differential increases after PO vs. IV rifampicin only for rosuvastatin. The magnitudes of the increases in area under the plasma concentration-time curve were 5.7- and 7.6-fold for pitavastatin and 4.4- and 3.3-fold for rosuvastatin, after PO and IV rifampicin, respectively. In vitro studies showed that rifampicin was an inhibitor of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, breast cancer resistance protein and multidrug resistance protein 2, but not of organic anion transporter 3. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that pitavastatin is a more sensitive and selective and thus preferred clinical OATP1B probe substrate than rosuvastatin, and that a single IV dose of rifampicin is a more selective OATP1B inhibitor than a PO dose.
Solving the Symmetric Tridiagonal Eigenvalue Problem on the Hypercube

This paper describes implementations of Cuppen's method, bisection, and multisection for the computation of all eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real symmetric tridiagonal matrix on a distributed-memory hypercube multiprocessor. Numerical results and timings for Intel's iPSC-1 are presented. Cuppen's method is found to be the numerically most accurate of three methods, while bisection with inverse iteration is observed experimentally to be the fastest method.
Limiting Communication in Parallel Sparse Cholesky Factorization

A new parallel algorithm for computing the Cholesky factorization of a large sparse positive-definite matrix on a message-passing multiprocessor is developed. The algorithm attempts to reduce the communication overhead by redistributing the computational load and by repeatedly combining the effect of many messages into a single message. It is demonstrated experimentally that, for problems ordered and partitioned among the processors using nested dissection, the new algorithm communicates significantly fewer messages than a more straightforward approach. Because of this reduction in communication, for the test problems on an Intel iPSC/2 hypercube, the new algorithm is typically at least 20 percent faster. Theoretically, it is shown that in factoring a $k \times k$ grid on p processors, the new algorithm sends $\Theta (pk\log _2 p)$ messages, compared to $k \times k$ grid on p processors, the new algorithm sends $\Theta (pk\log _2 k)$ messages for the straightforward algorithm.
An Unconventional Domain Decomposition Method for an Efficient Parallel Solution of Large-Scale Finite Element Systems

A domain decomposition algorithm based on a hybrid variational principle is developed for the parallel finite element solution of selfadjoint elliptic partial differential equations. The spatial domain is partitioned into a set of totally disconnected subdomains, each assigned to an individual processor. Lagrange multipliers are introduced to enforce compatibility at the interface points. Within each subdomain, the singularity due to the disconnection is resolved in a two-step procedure. First, the null space component of each local operator is eliminated from the local problem. Next, its contribution to the local solution is related to the Lagrange multipliers through an orthogonality condition. Finally, a conjugate projected gradient algorithm is developed for the solution of the coupled system of local null space components and Lagrange multipliers. When implemented on local memory multiprocessors, the proposed hybrid method requires fewer interprocessor communications than conventional Schur methods.
Pharmacokinetics of Mirtazapine from Orally Administered Tablets: Influence of Gender, Age and Treatment Regimen

The effect of gender, age and treatment regimen (single dosing or chronic dosing for 7 days) on the pharmacokinetic profile of mirtazapine was studied in four groups of volunteers. The groups consisted of 9 male adults (25–43 years of age), nine female adults (25–48 years), eight elderly males (65–74 years) and eight elderly females (65–74 years), who received daily oral doses of 20 mg of mirtazapine in the form of tablets. In all groups, chronic dosing resulted in approximately 10 per cent higher plasma levels at steady state than those predicted from the single‐dose kinetic profile. Although statistically significant, this effect of treatment regimen was so small that it is considered as clinically inconsequential. Mirtazapine plasma levels in adult males were approximately 50 per cent of the overall mean of the combined other groups, after both single and multiple dosing. As a consequence, statistically significant effects of gender and of age were observed. However, these differences were not large enough to justify any dose adjustments.
Computer Vision and Image Understanding

In this paper, we introduce methods to differentiate posed expressions from spontaneous ones by capturing global spatial patterns embedded in posed and spontaneous expressions, and by incorporating gender and expression categories as privileged information during spatial pattern modeling. Speciﬁcally, we construct multiple restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) with continuous visible units to model spatial patterns from facial geometric features given expression-related factors, i.e., gender and expression categories. During testing, only facial geometric features are provided, and the samples are classiﬁed into posed or spontaneous expressions according to the RBM with the largest likelihood. Furthermore, we propose eﬃcient inference algorithm by extending annealing importance sampling to RBM with continuous visible units for calculating partition function of RBMs. Experimental results on benchmark databases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in modelling global spatial patterns as well as its superior posed and spontaneous expression distinction performance over existing approaches.
Efficient Computation, Sensitivity, and Error Analysis of Committor Probabilities for Complex Dynamical Processes

In many fields of physics, chemistry, and biology, the characterization of rates and pathways between certain states or species is of fundamental interest. The central mathematical object in such situations is the committor probability—a generalized reaction coordinate that measures the progress of the process as the probability of proceeding to the target state rather than relapsing to the source state. Here, we conduct a numerical analysis of the committor. First, it is shown that committors can be expressed by the stationary eigenfunctions of a modified dynamical operator, thus relating the committors to the dominant eigenfunctions of the original operator. Based on this reformulation, committors can be efficiently computed for systems with large state spaces. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis of the committor is conducted, which allows its statistical uncertainty from estimation to be quantified within a Bayesian framework. The methods are illustrated on two examples of diffusive dynamics: a two-dimens.
Women's Experiences of an Internet-Based Information Film in Association to Planned Caesarean Section

Objective: The aim of the study was to describe women's experience of Internet-based information film in association to planned caesarean section. Background: Caesarean sections have become common practice and can cause complications such as physical ailment and pain. Therefore, preoperative information and early mobilization are recommended. Methods: The study comprised a total of 10 interviews with women after their caesarean section. The interviews were analyzed using manifest qualitative content analysis. Results: The main category “Safeness — to handle” and three subcategories “Control — to take care”, “Possibility — to choose”, and “Self-reliance — to be” were identified. By obtaining information materials women learned how to feel safe in a changed everyday life situation. Conclusion: Information on the Internet could educate women to achieve self-reliance and relate to a new family member by using decision aids (DA) and sense of coherence (SOC). Accessible pedagogical information materials on how to take care of the body after surgery can improve clinical outcome. One way to meet information needs and develop continuous learning and quality improvements in health is to develop strategies that teach and train health professionals to use the Internet as a means for distributing information.
Review of: Forensic Biology: Identification and DNA Analysis of Biological Evidence

It's not surprisingly when entering this site to get the book. One of the popular books now is the forensic biology identification and dna analysis of biological evidence. You may be confused because you can't find the book in the book store around your city. Commonly, the popular book will be sold quickly. And when you have found the store to buy the book, it will be so hurt when you run out of it. This is why, searching for this popular book in this website will give you benefit. You will not run out of this book.
Novel Numerical Methods for Solving the Time-Space Fractional Diffusion Equation in Two Dimensions

In this paper, a time-space fractional diffusion equation in two dimensions (TSFDE-2D) with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions is considered. The TSFDE-2D is obtained from the standard diffusion equation by replacing the first-order time derivative with the Caputo fractional derivative $_{t}D_{*}^{\gamma}$, $\gamma\in(0,1)$, and the second-order space derivatives with the fractional Laplacian $-(-\Delta)^{\alpha/2}$, $\alpha\in(1,2]$. Using the matrix transfer technique proposed by Ilic et al. [M. Ilic, F. Liu, I. Turner, and V. Anh, Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal., 9 (2006), pp. 333-349], the TSFDE-2D is transformed into a time fractional differential system as $_{t}D_{*}^{\gamma}\mathbf{u} = -K_\alpha\mathbf{A}^{\alpha/2}\mathbf{u}$, where $\mathbf{A}$ is the approximate matrix representation of $(-\Delta)$. Traditional approximation of $\mathbf{A}^{\alpha/2}$ requires diagonalization of $\mathbf{A}$, which is very time-consuming for large sparse matrices. The novelty of our proposed numerical schemes is that, using either the finite difference method or the Laplace transform to handle the Caputo time fractional derivative, the solution of the TSFDE-2D is written in terms of a matrix function vector product $f(\mathbf{A})\mathbf{b}$ at each time step, where $\mathbf{b}$ is a suitably defined vector. Depending on the method used to generate the matrix $\mathbf{A}$, the product $f(\mathbf{A})\mathbf{b}$ can be approximated using either the preconditioned Lanczos method when $\mathbf{A}$ is symmetric or the $\mathbf{M}$-Lanzcos method when $\mathbf{A}$ is nonsymmetric, which are powerful techniques for solving large linear systems. We give error bounds for the new methods and illustrate their roles in solving the TSFDE-2D. We also derive the analytical solution of the TSFDE-2D in terms of the Mittag-Leffler function. Finally, numerical results are presented to verify the proposed numerical solution strategies.
Behavioural and Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Neurodegenerative Diseases

Abstract Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common features in patients with neurodegenerative diseases, and have important clinical implications for both patients and caregivers. This study used the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) to measure symptomatology in 120 patients drawn from five disease groups: Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia associated with Lewy bodies (DLB), multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Ninety per cent of the patient group reported experiencing at least one symptom, with the most prevalent symptoms being depression and apathy. However, a differential pattern of symptomatology was reported across the disease groups, a finding which has diagnostic and treatment implications. Furthermore, this provides additional evidence that a broad cortical–subcortical distinction cannot be supported.