Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of acute nutritional ketosis during exercise in adults with glycogen storage disease type IIIa are phenotype‐specific: An investigator‐initiated, randomized, crossover study

Glycogen storage disease type IIIa (GSDIIIa) is an inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism caused by a debranching enzyme deficiency. A subgroup of GSDIIIa patients develops severe myopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether acute nutritional ketosis (ANK) in response to ketone‐ester (KE) ingestion is effective to deliver oxidative substrate to exercising muscle in GSDIIIa patients. This was an investigator‐initiated, researcher‐blinded, randomized, crossover study in six adult GSDIIIa patients. Prior to exercise subjects ingested a carbohydrate drink (~66 g, CHO) or a ketone‐ester (395 mg/kg, KE) + carbohydrate drink (30 g, KE + CHO). Subjects performed 15‐minute cycling exercise on an upright ergometer followed by 10‐minute supine cycling in a magnetic resonance (MR) scanner at two submaximal workloads (30% and 60% of individual maximum, respectively). Blood metabolites, indirect calorimetry data, and in vivo 31P‐MR spectra from quadriceps muscle were collected during exercise. KE + CHO induced ANK in all six subjects with median peak βHB concentration of 2.6 mmol/L (range: 1.6‐3.1). Subjects remained normoglycemic in both study arms, but delta glucose concentration was 2‐fold lower in the KE + CHO arm. The respiratory exchange ratio did not increase in the KE + CHO arm when workload was doubled in subjects with overt myopathy. In vivo 31P MR spectra showed a favorable change in quadriceps energetic state during exercise in the KE + CHO arm compared to CHO in subjects with overt myopathy. Effects of ANK during exercise are phenotype‐specific in adult GSDIIIa patients. ANK presents a promising therapy in GSDIIIa patients with a severe myopathic phenotype.
Music and Biomarkers of Stress: A Systematic Review

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to review literature on music and biomarkers of stress in order to (1) Identify music interventions and (2) Detail the biomarkers of stress associated with music. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed in performing this systematic review. Studies published from January 1995 to January 2020 that pertain to biomarkers of stress and music were identified through the use of the PubMed database, using the keywords: ‘music’ AND ‘biomarker’ OR ‘marker’ OR ‘hormone’. Two authors independently conducted a focused analysis and reached a final consensus on 16 studies that met the specific selection criteria and passed the study quality checks. Results: The reviewed studies were all randomized controlled trials. Reviewed music interventions included Music Listening (ML), Meditational Music (MM), ‘Guided Imagery and Music’ (GIM), and Singing. The studies showed that music is associated with a decreasing trend in cortisol, salivary α-amylase, heart rate, and blood pressure, as well as an increasing trend in Immunoglobulin A (IgA), oxytocin, and EEG theta wave, while testosterone was associated with sex-related differences. Conclusion: Music is associated with significant changes in biomarkers of stress, suggesting that it could be utilized for the development of stress reduction tools.
Fault detection of wind turbine gearbox using thermal network modelling and SCADA data

This work uses a detailed understanding of the physics inside a wind turbine gearbox and SCADA temperature data as an alternative to data-driven techniques for fault detection. Thermal modelling based on the principles of heat transfer theory is used with the aim of understanding the thermal behaviour of a ‘healthy’ gearbox and use it to detect abnormal gearbox operating conditions. Data for turbines, ‘healthy’ and one month to fail, are analysed for two different failure modes to see if a fault can be detected in advance with the aim to improve physical understanding of wind turbine gearbox operation and condition monitoring techniques.
Nitrogen doses in the development of DiscoveryTM Bermudagrass during winter

DiscoveryTM bermudagrass has been used in ornamental and sporty low-traffic turfgrass, due to its intense green coloring and slow growth, as an alternative in the search to reduce maintenance costs, such as cutting and nitrogen fertilization. However, little is known about fertilization recommendations in winter seasons, especially nitrogen fertilization. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate different doses of N in the development of bermudagrass DiscoveryTM in winter. The experiment was carried out during the winter, in an area with DiscoveryTM lawn already implemented. The design was entirely causalized, with 5 doses of N (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 g N m-2) through the application of urea, with four repetitions, using 20% of the doses, according to crop requirement for winter, in a single application. The evaluated parameters were green color index (GCI), (Scout CM-1000 and Scout TCM 500), height, dry mass, traction and analysis by digital image of the lawn. It was observed that with the increase of N doses there was an increase in biometric assessments, however the analysis by digital image showed uneven results, and the traction of the lawn did not differ between treatments. Larger doses provided a better visual aspect of the lawn, but for the economic aspect, it is concluded that the use of 20% of the doses between 30 and 40 g N m-2, applied only once during the winter, is more recommended for the development of the DiscoveryTM bermudagrass.
LOGICAL RECOGNITION TREE CONSTRUCTION ON THE BASIS OF A STEP-TO-STEP ELEMENTARY ATTRIBUTE SELECTION

Context. A general problem of constructing logical recognition/classification trees has been analyzed. Logical classification trees are the object of the present study. The subject of the study are the relevant methods and algorithms of logical classification trees. Objective. The goal of this work is to develop a simple and efficient method of constructing logical tree-like models on the basis of classification trees for training discrete information selection characterized by a structure of constructed logical classification trees from elementary attributes estimated on the basis of their informativeness calculation functional. Method. A general method of constructing logical classification trees is suggested that constructs a tree-like structure for a given initial training selection comprising a set of elementary attributes estimated at each step of constructing a model according to the above selection. In other words, a method of constructing logical classification trees is suggested with the main idea of approximating the initial selection of an arbitrary volume by the elementary attribute set. This method during the current logical tree (node) vertex formation provides selecting the most informative (high-quality) elementary attributes from the initial set. Such approach at constructing the resulting classification tree allows one to reduce essentially the tree size and complexity (i.e. the total number of branches and structural layers) and increase the quality of its further analysis (interpretability). The method of constructing logical classification trees suggested by us enables one to construct the tree-like models for a wide class of artificial intellect theory problems. Results. The method developed and presented in this work has received a software realization and was studied when solving a problem of classifying the geological type data characterized by a large-dimension attribute space. Conclusions. Experiments carried out in this work have confirmed the efficiency of the software suggested and demonstrate the possibility of its use for solving a wide spectrum of applied recognition and classification problems. The outlook of the further studies may be related to creating a limited method of logical classification tree by introducing the stopping criterion for the logical tree construction procedure according to the structure depth, its program realization optimization, as well as to the experimental study of this method in a wider circle of applied problems.
In‐Memory Vector‐Matrix Multiplication in Monolithic Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor‐Memristor Integrated Circuits: Design Choices, Challenges, and Perspectives

The low communication bandwidth between memory and processing units in conventional von Neumann machines does not support the requirements of emerging applications that rely extensively on large sets of data. More recent computing paradigms, such as high parallelization and near‐memory computing, help alleviate the data communication bottleneck to some extent, but paradigm‐shifting concepts are required. In‐memory computing has emerged as a prime candidate to eliminate this bottleneck by colocating memory and processing. In this context, resistive switching (RS) memory devices is a key promising choice, due to their unique intrinsic device‐level properties, enabling both storing and computing with a small, massively‐parallel footprint at low power. Theoretically, this directly translates to a major boost in energy efficiency and computational throughput, but various practical challenges remain. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of several key existing challenges in implementing high‐capacity, high‐volume RS memories for accelerating the most computationally demanding computation in machine learning (ML) inference, that of vector‐matrix multiplication (VMM), is presented. The monolithic integration of RS memories with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits is presented as the core underlying technology. The key existing design choices in terms of device‐level physical implementation, circuit‐level design, and system‐level considerations is reviewed and an outlook for future directions is provided.
Comparison of multivariate classification algorithms using EEM fluorescence data to distinguish Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii pathogenic fungi

Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are the etiologic agents of cryptococcosis, whose suitable treatment depends on rapid and correct detection and differentiation of the Cryptococcus species. Currently, this identification is made by classical and molecular techniques; however most of them are considered laborious and expensive. As an alternative method to discriminate C. gattii and C. neoformans, excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy combined with multivariate classification methods, Unfolded Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (UPLS-DA), multiway-Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (nPLS-DA), Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Successive Projection Algorithm (SPA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA), followed by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) was herein investigated. This technique showed to be an innovative and low cost methodology which requires a small sample volume. Among the methods, the most successful model was UGA-LDA, which showed a sensitivity of 88.9% within only 5 selected wavelengths in calibration and 100.0% prediction for both classes of C. neoformans and C. gattii, equaling or surpassing some of the biological tests that are usually carried out to differentiate these fungi.
Soybean (Glycine max) Cultivar Tolerance to Chlorimuron and Imazaquin with Varying Hydroponic Solution pH

Twenty determinate soybean cultivars were grown in hydroponic solutions to determine differential tolerance to chlorimuron and imazaquin at pH 6, 7, or 8. ‘Epps' exhibited tolerance to chlorimuron at each pH, and to imazaquin except at pH 8. ‘9641 Pioneer’ was highly sensitive to both herbicides at each pH, and ‘Asgrow 5979’ was sensitive to chlorimuron, and to imazaquin except at pH 7. ‘Hutcheson’ was sensitive to chlorimuron at each pH, and imazaquin at pH 6. ‘Asgrow 6785’ was sensitive to chlorimuron at pH 6 and 8, with shoot weight reductions of 31 and 28%, respectively, and ‘Coker 686’ was similarly sensitive at pH 6 and 7. ‘Hartz 6200’ was tolerant to imazaquin at pH 6 and 7, ‘Hartz 6686’ was tolerant at pH 6 and 8, and Coker 686 was tolerant at pH 7 and 8. Coker 686 and 'Sharkey’ were tolerant to chlorimuron at some pH levels, though highly sensitive at other pH levels. ‘Asgrow 5403’ and Coker 686 also had varying tolerance and sensitivity to imazaquin across pH levels. Shoot length and shoot weight were the best indicators of differential cultivar sensitivity when compared with previous field studies.
Systematic revision of Acanthodactylus busacki (Squamata: Lacertidae) with a description of a new species from Morocco

Recent molecular phylogenies of the Acanthodactylus pardalis species-group have revealed a deep genetic divergence within the nominal species A. busacki from north-west Africa. The species is phylogenetically separated into northern and southern lineages, which correspond to a previously observed morphological differentiation between the northern and southern populations of this species. Based on morphological comparisons of the type material and location of the type locality, the nomen Acanthodactylus busacki Salvador, 1982 is assigned here to the southern lineage, known from the northern Saharan Atlantic coastal desert. The northern lineage, described here as Acanthodactylus margaritae sp. nov., is prominently characterized by weakly keeled dorsal scales and a characteristic colour pattern. The new species is endemic to Morocco and confined to arid and semi-arid bioclimatic areas between the High Atlas and Anti-Atlas Mountains, from around Tamri in the north to Tiznit in the south and the Souss valley in the east.
Analysis of Fractional Order Chaotic Financial Model with Minimum Interest Rate Impact

The main objective of this paper is to construct and test fractional order derivatives for the management and simulation of a fractional order disorderly finance system. In the developed system, we add the critical minimum interest rate d parameter in order to develop a new stable financial model. The new emerging paradigm increases the demand for innovation, which is the gateway to the knowledge economy. The derivatives are characterized in the Caputo fractional order derivative and Atangana-Baleanu derivative. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solutions with fixed point theorem and an iterative scheme. The interest rate begins to rise according to initial conditions as investment demand and price exponent begin to fall, which shows the financial system’s actual macroeconomic behavior. Specifically component of its application to the large scale and smaller scale forms, just as the utilization of specific strategies and instruments such fractal stochastic procedures and expectation.
Varenicline for the Treatment of Postural and Gait Dysfunction in Parkinson Disease

Objective To determine whether varenicline is effective for the balance in Parkinson disease (PD). Methods This was an investigator-initiated, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Participants with a clinical diagnosis of PD were randomized to receive varenicline or placebo for 8 weeks. After dose escalation, participants took 1 mg of drug twice daily until the end of the study. Patients with severe tremor were excluded. Primary outcome was a change on the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) from baseline to 8 weeks. The BBS is a 14-item measure consisting of basic balance tasks. The study had a secondary, exploratory outcome of a change in cognition, measured with the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) from baseline to 8 weeks. The FAB is a 6-item measure of executive functioning. Results Thirty-six participants were randomized (82% men, 100% White). Average age was 71.0 years (± 8.1). Average baseline motor Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale was 34.7 (± 11.6). There were no differences between treatment groups on the BBS (F[1,28] = 2.85, p = 0.10) or FAB (d = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−1.39 to 1.53]) or MMSE (d = 0.81, 95% CI = [−0.40 to 1.40]). Conclusion The results did not suggest that varenicline had an effect on balance in patients with PD. Furthermore, varenicline did not seem to affect cognition. Perhaps, if an objective measure of balance had been used in place of the BBS, the analysis would show a difference between the groups. However, the authors do not recommend further study. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class III evidence that in patients with PD with Hoehn and Yahr stages 2, 3, or 4, varenicline does not improve balance as assessed by the BBS.
Dynamic analysis on weeds inhibition and phenolic acids of allelopathic rice in field test

ABSTRACT Weed suppression of allelopathic rice PI312777 (PI) and non-allelopathic rice Lemont (LE) at 3-, 5-, and 7-leaf stages were studied in field test. The results showed that inhibitory effect of rice rhizosphere soil (IR1), the soil aqueous extracts (IR2), and the mixture of phenolic acids of the soil extracts (IR3) were IR1 > IR2 > IR3. The same trend was observed in the content of total phenols (Ctp) and the phenolic acids (Cpa) in the soil aqueous extract. The qRT-PCR results showed that six genes related to biosynthesis of phenolic acids in rice leaves and roots of PI were up-regulated and the up-regulated multiplies were increased as leaf stage increased. However, four genes were up-regulated and two genes were down-regulated in rice leaves and roots of LE. The regulated multiplies were smaller in LE than that in PI. The correlation analysis showed that IR1, IR2, IR3, Ctp, and Cpa were positively correlated. There results indicated that rice allelopathic potential was enhanced in response of paddy weeds, which accompanied by up-regulation of genes in rice leaves and roots related to metabolism pathway of phenolic compounds and increase of phenolic allelochemicals in rice rhizosphere soil.
Gaia DR2 giants in the Galactic dust – II. Application of the reddening maps and models

We exploit a complete sample of 101\,810 {\it Gaia} DR2 giants, selected in Paper I in the space cylinder with a radius of 700 pc around the Sun and a height of $|Z|=1800$ pc, using the {\it Gaia} DR2 parallaxes, $G_\mathrm{BP}$ and $G_\mathrm{RP}$ photometry, and {\it WISE} $W3$ photometry. We explain the spatial variations of the modes of the observables $G_\mathrm{BP}-G_\mathrm{RP}$ and $G_\mathrm{RP}-W3$ by the spatial variations of the corresponding reddenings described in the GM20 3D dust distribution model. Presented in this paper, GM20 is an advanced version of the model introduced by Gontcharov in 2009. GM20 proposes two intersecting dust layers, along the Galactic mid-plane and in the Gould Belt, with exponential vertical and sinusoidal longitudinal variations of the dust spatial density in each layer. The Belt layer is an ellipse, oriented nearly between the centre and anticentre of the Galaxy, and with a semi-major and semi-minor axes of 600 and 146~pc, respectively. $G_\mathrm{BP}-G_\mathrm{RP}$ and $G_\mathrm{RP}-W3$ give similar solutions, but different equatorial layer scale heights of $150\pm15$ and $180\pm15$~pc, respectively, and $(G_\mathrm{BP}-G_\mathrm{RP})_0=(1.14\pm0.01)-(0.022\pm0.010)\,|Z|$, $(G_\mathrm{RP}-W3)_0=(1.44\pm0.01)-(0.015\pm0.010)\,|Z|$, where $Z$ is in kpc. We compare GM20 with several 3D reddening models and maps in their ability to predict the observed colour modes. GM20 and the 3D map by Gontcharov appear to be the best among the models and maps, respectively. However, the most reliable models and maps mainly disagree only in their estimates of low reddening, including the reddening across the whole dust layer.
Bidirectional DC-DC Resonant Converter Design for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Integration to MVDC Grids

The extensive use of electric vehicles (EVs) needs ultra-fast-charging stations with high charging power greater than 22 kW (PCharging >22kW). Medium voltage direct current (MVDC) grids can provide the best solution for the high demand of EVs and fast-charging stations infrastructures with the existing distribution grids. The resonant bidirectional dual active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter can be a promising technology in integrating an electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) with MVDC grid. This work focuses on the converter design with voltage control and stability by applying two different control strategies mainly: PI control and sliding mode control (SMC). All simulations will be performed in order to present the feasibility of the proposed solution and compare the results of each control methods. This comparison, for the first time, in the medium voltage level can open new insights for using nonlinear control methods such as SMC to ensure stability and obtain better dynamic performance
Urticaceae-feeders from the family Tischeriidae: descriptions of two new species and new genus Paratischeria gen. nov.

We describe a new genus Paratischeria Diskus & Stonis, gen. nov. and present the first observations of Urticaceae-feeding Tischeriidae species in South America and two new Urticaceaefeeding species ( Paratischeria fasciata sp. nov. and P. ferruginea Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov. from the Andes of Bolivia and Ecuador). Together with the African P. urticicolella (Ghesquiere) (comb. nov.) from Congo, they are attributed to the newly designated ferruginea species group.
Diet of the Wavy Turban Snail, Megastraea undosa (Gastropoda: Turbinidae), in Subtropical Rocky Reefs 1

Abstract: The wavy turban snail, Megastraea undosa (W. Wood), is an important fishery resource along the Mexican Pacific coast and a keystone species in subtropical rocky reefs. Its diet was determined from stomach contents of 125 specimens collected in three rocky reefs of the western coast of the Baja California Peninsula in July and November 2006 and March 2007. The snail consumed 20 taxa of seaweeds, 1 seagrass, and 11 taxa of invertebrates. The diet had significant variation depending on site and date. Main food items were Macrocystis pyrifera, Ecklonia arborea, and Corallina spp. Of secondary importance were red algae of the family Delesseriaceae and the genera Plocamium and Gelidium, the brown alga Stephanocystis osmundacea, the seagrasses Phyllospadix spp. , the hydrozoan Dynamena, and the isopod Idotea. Analysis showed that the snail was a grazer with a mixed feeding strategy, feeding abundantly on kelp or coralline algae and also consuming many other resources, which was reflected in its variable trophic niche width with a Levins index ranging from 0.21 to 0.79.
Managing innovations in sustainable economic growth

This paper examines conditions and prerequisites of sustainable economic growth, an optimal condition of the national economy between recession and inflation in terms of providing of the long-term inflationary neutral economic growth in achieving the Pareto-efficient condition in the economy. The research analyzes the possibilities of economic policy in order to provide both stability and economic growth. The model designed and tested in the paper is based on the Domar model of economic growth. Our findings might be of some relevance for the countries aiming to achieve the goal of economic growth without significant fluctuations in prices and unemployment.