Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of a Structured Diagnostic Interview For Routine Psychiatric Evaluations

The author reports the use of a structured psychiatric interview for the routine initial evaluation of all referrals to an inpatient psychiatric consultation service during a 1-year period. Acceptance of this procedure by physician examiners and by patients was high. There was evidence that the structured interview was a useful diagnostic tool and did not interfere with patient rapport. The advantages of structured interviews for routine clinical evaluations are discussed.
Implicit, view-invariant modelling of 3D non-rigid objects

This thesis describes and evaluates the Integrated Shape and Pose Model (ISPM), a novel technique for modelling the geometry of a 3D non-rigid object, such as a face, via images captured from various viewpoints. The ISPM can be trained on almost any set of images since it does not require images captured simultaneously from more than one view. This is advantageous over conventional techniques that impose such constraints on the training data. The ISPM is built by transferring the object's intrinsic shape from the view of each training image, to two basis views. This is achieved by first computing the Centred Affine Trifocal Tensor (CATT) between the view of each given image and the basis views, which implicitly encodes the 3D pose of the object. The object's intrinsic shape is then transferred to the basis views by enforcing the epipolar constraints provided by the CATT followed by an affine alignment. This process (the Implicit Pose Alignment (IPA) algorithm) requires the mean basis view images, which are not initially known. Therefore, the generalized Procrustes alignment algorithm is extended, by employing the IPA algorithm to perform the alignment steps. The extended Procrustes alignment algorithm simultaneously generates the mean basis view images and achieves the required intrinsic shape transfer. The key benefit of our approach is illustrated by the significant improvement in view-invariance and consistency in the ISPM's modelling errors as well as its specificity, in comparison to those of conventional image-based models. The ISPM is evaluated on four databases of real and synthetic face images containing variations in identity, expression and pose. Its various algorithms are also individually evaluated and their performance critically assessed. Future work on incorporating grey-level values may also be possible and, is briefly explored. Our approach may also be of relevance to theories of human vision.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces angiogenesis: its angiogenic action and signaling mechanism in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite abundantly stored in platelets and released upon platelet activation. Recently, S1P has been postulated for its potential roles in angiogenesis. In this study, we provided several lines of evidence showing that S1P has angiogenic activity. In vitro, S1P stimulated DNA synthesis and chemotactic motility of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a near maximum at 1 microM. S1P also significantly induced tube formation of HUVECs on Matrigel. Matrigel plug assay in mice revealed that S1P promotes angiogenesis in vivo. In addition, exposure of HUVECs to S1P led to rapid activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in a pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive manner. Notably, HUVEC migration and tube formation in response to S1P were completely blocked by pretreatment with PTX. Further, the MEK inhibitor U0126 markedly inhibited S1P-induced tube formation but S1P-induced migration was not affected by inhibition of ERK and p38 MAPK. Taken together, these results indicate that S1P induces angiogenesis predominantly via G(i) protein-coupled receptors in endothelial cells and suggest that S1P may act as an important modulator of platelet-induced angiogenesis.
Open innovation: How academic spin-off firms match incoming knowledge with knowledge gaps on critical resources

Many academic spin-off firms experience resource deficiencies that slow down their growth. In this paper, we investigate the critical resources that are missing and knowledge retrieved from networks to solve or prevent missing resources, to better understand the causes of slow growth. In a sample of 105 spin-offs from Norway and the Netherlands, it is found that spin-off firms most frequently lack three types of resources: marketing skills, management skills and (knowledge on) financial capital. High severity in terms of duration is observed for marketing and managerial resources compared to financial capital. We also observe a trend that knowledge retrieving through the network happens in a somewhat unstructured and chaotic manner. However, the matching between lack of financial resources and retrieving knowledge on these resources tends to be effective, as is witnessed by a positive influence on employment growth of the spin-off firms.
In vivo collagenase‐2 (MMP‐8) expression by human bronchial epithelial cells and monocytes/macrophages in bronchiectasis

The purpose of this study was to determine whether other cellular sources than neutrophils can express matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐8 protein and mRNA in bronchiectatic (BE) lung. The molecular forms of MMP‐8 in the BE bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and healthy control BALF were analysed by western immunoblotting. MMP‐8 expression was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in BE lung tissue and by immunohistochemistry in control lung tissue. In the BE BALF, different MMP‐8 species were detected: 70–80 kD MMP‐8 apparently of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) origin and also 40–60 kD MMP‐8 from non‐PMN cellular sources, such as bronchial epithelial cells, glandular cells or monocytes/macrophages. Both of these MMP‐8 species were elevated and converted to a significant extent to activated forms in BE BALF compared with healthy control BALF. The levels of high molecular weight (>80 kD) MMP‐8 complexes, evidently representing MMP‐8 trapped by endogenous MMP inhibitors and/or MMP‐8 dimers, were significantly elevated in BE BALF compared with healthy control BALF. In BE lung tissue, the MMP‐8 protein and mRNA expression was found in bronchial ciliated epithelial cells, glandular cells, neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages infiltrating the bronchial epithelial area. Minimal MMP‐8 expression was observed in neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and epithelial cells in control lung tissues. In this study, new potential cellular sources have been demonstrated for MMP‐8 in the inflamed lung. MMP‐8 from multiple cellular sources, including inflamed lung epithelium, was activated to a significant extent in the BE BALF, indicating a major role for MMP‐8 in the destruction of lung and bronchial tissues. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eye gaze tracking to operate android-based communication helper application

For people with spoken and motoric disabilities, doing some basic daily activities will need some help from another people. Misunderstanding usually happen when people around them can not interpret their desire because of limit In this paper, an eye gaze tracking system will be built to operate the communication system. The processes which are used in this system, first the face and left eye area of user will be captured by camera on android device and the features will be detected by Haar Cascade. Second, from left eye's region, it will be looked for eye center position as user pointer's reference in interface menus using moments. User can choose the activity menu by closing their eye in time more than 250ms. The output of this system is an audio that represent activity menu. The system has percentage success rate of left gaze tracking is 80 %, straight gaze tracking is 90 %, and right gaze tracking is 80 %.
Cellular injury induces activation of MAPK via P2Y receptors

Wound healing is a complex process that involves cell communication, migration, proliferation, and changes in gene expression. One of the first events after injury is the rapid release of Ca2+ that propagates as a wave to neighboring cells (Klepeis et al. [2001]: J. Cell. Sci. 114:4185–4195). Our goal was to examine the signaling events induced by cellular injury and identify extracellular molecules that induce the activation of extracellular signal responsive kinase (ERK) (p42/44). In this study we demonstrated that injury induced ERK1/2 activation occurred within 2 min and was negligible by 15 min. Treatment of unwounded cells with wound media caused activation of ERK that could be inhibited by apyrase III. Stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) did not mimic the injury response and it was not detected in the wound media. To identify the active component, size fractionation was performed and factor(s) less than 3 kDa that induced the release of Ca2+ and activation of ERK1/2 were identified. Activity was not altered by heat denaturation, incubation with proteinase K but it was lost by treatment with apyrase. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), uridine triphosphate (UTP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and uridine diphosphate (UDP) promoted activation by 2 min with similar profiles as that generated by injury. Preincubation with phospholipase C inhibitor, U73122, inhibited activation that was induced by injury and/or nucleotides. Lack of activation by alpha‐beta‐methylATP (α, β‐MeATP) and beta‐gamma‐methylATP (β, γ‐MeATP) to purinergic (P)2X receptors further indicated that activation occurs via P2Y and not P2X purinergic receptors. These results indicate that injury‐induced activation of ERK1/2 is mediated by a P2Y signaling pathway. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of manipulated variables for a glycosylation control strategy

N‐linked glycan distribution affects important end‐use characteristics such as the bioactivity and efficacy of many therapeutic proteins, (including monoclonal antibodies), in vivo. Yet, obtaining desired glycan distributions consistently during batch‐to‐batch production can be challenging for biopharmaceutical manufacturers. While an appropriately implemented on‐line glycosylation control strategy during production can help to ensure a consistent glycan distribution, to date no such strategies have been reported. Our goal is to develop and validate a comprehensive strategy for effective on‐line control of glycosylation, the successful achievement of which requires first identifying appropriate manipulated variables that can be used to direct the glycan distribution to a desired state. While various culture conditions such as bioreactor process variables, media type, and media supplements have been shown to affect the glycan distribution, in this study we focus on the latter. Specifically, we implemented a statistically designed series of experiments to determine the significant main effects (as well as interaction effects) of media supplementation with manganese, galactose, ammonia and found that each had significant effects on certain glycans. We also include data indicating the glycosylation enzyme gene transcript levels as well as the intracellular nucleotide sugar concentrations in the presence of the media supplements to provide insight into the intracellular conditions that may be contributing to the changes in glycan distribution. The acquired experimental data sets were then used to identify which glycans can be controlled by the media supplements and to what degree. We determined that MnCl2 can be used as a manipulated variable to increase the relative abundance of M51 and decrease FA2 simultaneously, and galactose can be used as a manipulated variable to increase the relative abundance of FA2G1 and decrease FA2 and A2 simultaneously. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1957–1970. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Altered hippocampal short‐term plasticity and associative memory in synaptotagmin IV (−/−) mice

Synaptotagmin IV (Syt IV) is an activity‐inducible, secretory vesicle protein that is thought to function as an inhibitor of neurotransmitter release (Littleton et al. Nature 400:757–760, 1999). To test this hypothesis in neurons of the mammalian CNS, we measured field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in hippocampal slice preparations from Syt IV (−/−) mice. At Schaffer collateral synapses, the basal properties of neurotransmission are largely normal. However, two forms of short‐term plasticity, paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF) and post‐tetanic potentiation (PTP), are significantly enhanced in area CA1 of Syt IV (−/−) slices. Similarly, the early stages of long‐term potentiation (LTP) are also enhanced at these synapses. Consistent with the low levels of Syt IV observed in dentate granule cells, the mossy fiber synapses in Syt IV (−/−) slices display largely normal PPF and LTP. In addition, we find that Syt IV (−/−) mice have deficits in the associative passive avoidance memory paradigm, but are normal in the novel object recognition paradigm. The synaptic architecture and connectivity of Syt IV (−/−) brains is indistinguishable from wild‐type mice as indicated by immunohistochemical analysis. These results suggest Syt IV is a presynaptic negative regulator of short‐term plasticity in area CA1 of the hippocampus and is required for some, but not all, forms of hippocampus‐dependent memory. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Effects of Cognitive Training on Cognitive Abilities and Everyday Function: A 10-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

With a random groups design, the current study examined whether a 10-week cognitive training could improve healthy older adult’s cognitive functions and everyday problem-solving and whether high ecological validity trainings would have greater positive impact upon everyday problem-solving than low ecological validity trainings. Eighty-six healthy Chinese older adult participants were assigned randomly to five groups, including one control group receiving no training and four groups receiving low ecological memory training, high ecological memory training, low ecological reasoning training, and high ecological reasoning training, respectively. Participants were measured pre- and posttraining on spatial working memory, numerical working memory, reasoning, and everyday problem-solving. Results of this study showed that cognitive training significantly improved targeted cognitive functions and everyday problem-solving performance in all the intervention groups. However, high ecological cognitive trainings failed to show superior impact upon everyday problem-solving compared with low ecological cognitive trainings.
The experience of living with a traumatic hand injury in a rural and remote location: an interpretive phenomenological study.

INTRODUCTION The aim of this research study was to gain an understanding of how rural and remote residents in North Queensland, Australia, engaged in work, activities of daily living tasks and social activities following a traumatic hand injury. Findings from a previous retrospective survey with these participants revealed that patients experienced difficulties such as pain for many years after their injury; however, because of the survey methodology, the voices of participants were not heard. This study contributes to a larger project that seeks to propose a model of service delivery to rural and remote residents who have sustained a traumatic injury. METHODS Utilising an interpretive phenomenological research design, data were gathered through in-depth, semistructured interviews. Fifteen participants were recruited into this study and questions were designed to explore the experience of having a traumatic hand injury in rural and remote areas of North Queensland. RESULTS The thematic analysis indicated five major themes: injury and impairment, pain, occupation and activity, and resilience. Participants reported that having a hand injury often caused further injury due to the impairment. The pain experienced could be 'all consuming' yet participants reported 'pushing through' this pain to complete daily tasks. Participants reported that they would 'go mad' if they did not work and highlighted the importance of activity in their recovery. Participants felt grateful at having their hand and thought towards the future. Being self-reliant was important but they were willing to accept support from others when needed. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating activity and occupation in rehabilitation programs as opposed to focusing on strict protocols is an important consideration in the recovery process of rural and remote residents. In particular, engaging in activity and occupation was an important part of managing the pain associated with the hand trauma. This research also found that participants demonstrated resilient qualities while recovering from a traumatic hand injury. Health professionals who work with people from a rural and remote location with a traumatic hand injury should consider a treatment model that encourages active patient participation, identifying collaborative treatment goals that align with the values of people living in rural and remote locations. Education regarding the high risk of further injury due to the nature of, and exposure to, the type of work and activity in rural and remote locations is also recommended.
Headache and Epilepsy: Two Autonomous Entities?

The relationship between headache and epilepsy remains unresolved. We studied 3,600 patients affected by primary headache and 36 epileptic patients with a present or past history of headache. In the first group, no family history of epilepsy nor epileptiform EEG patterns were found. In the second group, there was no chronological relationship between epileptic seizure and headache attack in more than half of the patients; when found (46.1%) the relationship was neither precise nor specific. Taken as a whole, these data suggest the autonomous nature of epilepsy and headache.
The Effects of Caregiving on Women's Self-Assessed Health Status: An International Comparison

To compare the self-assessed health status (SAHS) of female caregivers of older adults across the United States (N = 1,496), China (N = 485), and the United Kingdom (N = 252), data from three data sets were analyzed to isolate significant predictors of SAHS using an adapted meta-analytic technique. Higher income and full-time employment were predictors of higher SAHS; chronic health condition and emotional strain predicted lower SAHS. Female gender was a predictor of lower SAHS. The health status of women was negatively impacted by the caregiving experience. National policies, such as those in the United Kingdom, may result in higher SAHS for women caregivers.
Developing mathematical problem solving skills

Problem solving often requires a representation of given information in a structured form which can stimulate and support the problem solving process. FunctionLab is a computer based learning environment meeting this requirement and designed to assist problem solving and the development of problem solving skills in algebra word problems. A feature of the system is its interface design which incorporates tools for students to represent problem information as generic and dynamic process models which support investigatory learning and illustrate the structural characteristics of solutions. The design of FunctionLab is described together with an initial evaluation study of its effects on problem solving performances and methods of solution.
Stochastic Neural Computation I: Computational Elements

This paper examines a number of stochastic computational elements employed in artificial neural networks, several of which are introduced for the first time, together with an analysis of their operation. We briefly include multiplication, squaring, addition, subtraction, and division circuits in both unipolar and bipolar formats, the principles of which are well-known, at least for unipolar signals. We have introduced several modifications to improve the speed of the division operation. The primary contribution of this paper, however, is in introducing several state machine-based computational elements for performing sigmoid nonlinearity mappings, linear gain, and exponentiation functions. We also describe an efficient method for the generation of, and conversion between, stochastic and deterministic binary signals. The validity of the present approach is demonstrated in a companion paper through a sample application, the recognition of noisy optical characters using soft competitive learning. Network generalization capabilities of the stochastic network maintain a squared error within 10 percent of that of a floating-point implementation for a wide range of noise levels. While the accuracy of stochastic computation may not compare favorably with more conventional binary radix-based computation, the low circuit area, power, and speed characteristics may, in certain situations, make them attractive for VLSI implementation of artificial neural networks.
Moved to Think

Recent conceptualizations of eudaimonic entertainment and aesthetic experience highlight the role of emotions in stimulating rewarding experiences of insight, meaning, and reflectiveness among entertainment audiences. The current evidence is mainly correlational, however. This study used an experimental approach to examine the assumed causal influence of being moved, on reflective thoughts. Participants were randomly assigned to see one of two versions of a short film that elicited different levels of feeling moved, while keeping the cognitive, propositional content constant. Feeling moved was conceptualized and operationalized as an affective state characterized by negative valence, moderate arousal, mixed affect, and by the labeling of the experience in terms of feeling moved. As expected, the more moving film version elicited more reflective thoughts, which in turn predicted individuals’ overall positive experience of the film. The effect of the film stimulus on reflective thoughts was fully mediated b.
Flavivirga eckloniae sp. nov. and Flavivirga aquimarina sp. nov., isolated from seaweed Ecklonia cava.

Two Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic and yellow-coloured bacterial strains, designated strains ECD14T and EC2D5T, were isolated from a seaweed Eckloniacava. The isolates required sea salts for growth. Flexirubin-type and carotenoid pigment was produced. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two new strains was 95.5 %. Flavivirga amylovorans JC2681T was the nearest neighbour of strains ECD14T and EC2D5T with 96.5 and 96.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. The common major fatty acids and respiratory quinones were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and unknown 13.565 and menaquinone 6 (MK-6), respectively. The common major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown amino lipid and an unknown lipid. The DNA G+C contents of strains ECD14T and EC2D5T were 33 and 31 mol%, respectively. On the basis of the polyphasic characterization of the two strains, it is suggested that the two isolates represent novel species of the genus Flavivirga, for which the names Flavivirga eckloniae sp. nov. (type strain, ECD14T=KCTC 52352T=JCM 31797T) and Flavivirga aquimarina sp. nov. (type strain, EC2D5T=KCTC 52353T=JCM 31796T) are proposed.
Case Study: Osteosynthesis, Tenodesis Effect, and Side-to-Side Tendon Repair in Hand Transplantation

Osteosynthesis and tendon repair are essential in upper extremity transplantation to optimally restore function. Transplant surgeons should be aware of all technical issues involved in osteosynthesis, tendon balancing, and tension setting as well as repair in an effort to optimize the function of the transplanted hand. Preoperative planning is vital to achieve good functional results. We present a case of successful osteosynthesis and side-to-side tendon repair, which led to a desirable functional outcome in hand transplantation.