Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Limitations of the two-frequency capacitance measurement technique applied to ultra-thin SiO/sub 2/ gate oxides

An improved two-frequency C-V extraction guideline for ultra-thin gate structures is proposed. The measured dissipation should be less than 1.1 at least at one of the two measurement frequencies, in order to reduce the gate oxide thickness measurement error below 4%. We show that the proposed guideline sets certain limitations on the device area, which must be reduced as the gate oxide shrinks, in order to keep the dissipation below 1.1, while not increasing the device impedance above the measurement limit of the LCR meter. We have also demonstrated that an additional parasitic inductance effect must be included in the equivalent circuit model if the measurement frequency is above 1 MHz.
A procedure for creating actuated joints via embedding shape memory alloys in PolyJet 3D printing

Additive manufacturing’s layer-by-layer fabrication approach allows the user to access the entire volume of the part throughout the build process. This allows for the embedding of functional components and actuators to enable the fabrication of complex systems in a single process. A process for the embedding of shape memory alloy actuating wire within direct PolyJet 3D printed parts is presented in this article. A series of “Design for Embedding” considerations are presented for achieving successful and repeatable embedding results. These considerations include guide channel design, design of shape converters for irregularly shaped elements, and design of wire fixation points. The embedding process is demonstrated with two case studies: a simple compliant joint specimen with a straight shape memory alloy wire and an antagonistic joint design with spring-shaped shape memory alloys. The process is characterized through an exploration of the potential for surface defects in the final specimens, as well as basic quantitative and qualitative evidence regarding performance of the final embedded actuators.
The shelf life of buffalo meat marinated with pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate how pomegranate peel extract (PPE) can prevent lipid oxidation, peroxide value, and pathogenic bacteria growth in buffalo meat. Materials and Methods: PPE and buffalo meat were employed in this investigation. The buffalo meat marinated with PPE was evaluated by refrigerating it at a temperature of 5°C ± 1°C on days 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16. PPE was added to buffalo meat at a rate of 0% as a control (K0), 0.50% (K1), 1.00% (K2), 1.50% (K3), and 2.00% (K4). Results: The addition of PPE lowered the total plate count, peroxide value, lipid, and pH between treatments and storage period (p < 0.05). PPE’s high concentration of polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidants, and antibacterial substances may decrease lipid oxidation, peroxide production, and bacterial growth rate. Conclusions: Marinating buffalo meat in PPE may help maintain the meat’s freshness while being stored at a refrigerator temperature (5°C ± 1°C).
Frequency Domain Modeling of Photovoltaic Systems for Transient Analysis

This paper presents frequency domain (FD) Norton-type equivalents of single- and three-phase photovoltaic (PV) generators, aimed at transient calculations. The proposed equivalents can be interfaced with a general frequency-dependent network and/or nonlinear loads and include voltage/current sources representing initial conditions aimed at partitioned-time transient simulation. The transient solution is performed via the numerical Laplace transform (NLT) in a sequential scheme by using time sub-windows with corresponding initial conditions and using reduced number of samples. The proposed approach overcomes the issue of computationally heavy simulations as in classical implementations of NLT. Two case studies involving PV generator and nonlinear load are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed FD PV models.
HOST TO HOST CONGESTION CONTROL USING TCP ENHANCED NEWRENO

Todays Internet is relying on using efficient congestion control[1] mechanisms which has got lot of importance in controlling congestion problems. Congestion control is required not only to prevent congestion collapse in the network, but also to improve network utilization.Without congestion control, a sending node may continue transmitting packets that may be dropped later due to congestion collapse[1]. This paper presents a modified fast recovery algorithm to enhance the performance of the most widespread congestion control protocol[1] TCP- NewReno.Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is an important transport layer protocol for reliable data transfer over the Internet. It supports most of the popular Internet applications, such as the World Wide Web, file transfer and e-mail. However, the rapid growth of the Internet and the increasing demand of different traffics over the Internet lied to a serious problem called congestion collapse.After observing a series of congestion collapse, several congestion control algorithms are proposed and incorporated into the TCP to resolve the congestion collapse problem. In 1988, several innovative congestion control algorithms were introduced into TCP . This TCP version is called TCP Tahoe. It includes three algorithms namely Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance[2] and Fast Retransmit. A Fast Recovery algorithm was added to Tahoe to form a new TCP version called TCP Reno. TCP Reno is a reactive congestion control scheme that uses packet loss as an indicator for congestion. In order to probe the available bandwidth along the end-to-end path, the TCP congestion window (cw) is increased until a packet loss is detected, at which point the congestion window is halved and a linear increase algorithm takes over until further packet loss is experienced. TCP newReno reduces its window size to half irrespective of the congestion in the network. On the other hand TCP EnewReno adjusts its window size based on the network status. It also transfers more packets to the destination.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of HLA-CW4-B2M-KIR2DL1 Protein and Homology Modeling of a Complex Associated with Psoriasis Disease (HLA-CW6-B2M-KIR2DS1)

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to study the interactions of two immune proteins of HLA-Cw4-β2m-KIR2DL1 complex with small peptide QYDDAVYKL (nine amino acids) in an aqueous solution. This study aims to gain a detailed information about the conformational changes and the dynamics of the complex. The right parameters and force field for performing the MD simulations that was needed to calibrate the complex structure were determined. The non-bonded interactions (Electrostatic and van der Waals contributions), H-bond formation, and salt bridges between the ligand HLA-Cw4 and the receptor KIR2DL1 were estimated using the obtained MD trajectories. The buried surface area due to binding was calculated to get insight into the causes of specificity of receptor to ligand and explains mutations experiment. The study concluded that β2-microglobulin, one part of the complex, is not directly interacting with the peptide at the groove; therefore, it could be neglected from simulation. Our results showed that β2-microglobulin does not have any significant effect on the dynamics of the 3D-structure of the complex. This project will help in understanding to optimize candidate drug design, a small peptide that disrupts the interaction, for the optimal biological effect.
Pseudodynamic Capabilities of the ELSA Laboratory for Earthquake Testing of Large Structures

The paper describes the distinctive features of the pseudo-dynamic test method as implemented at the largest European reaction-wall facility. Both hardware and software aspects are considered. Particular attention is devoted to the digital control system and to the time integration algorithms. A test-restart procedure well suited for stiff/brittle structures and a coupled numerical-experimental substructuring technique allowing realistic earthquake testing of very large structures are included. Finally a prospective view of continuous pseudo-dynamic testing is introduced. Selected test results illustrate the advantages of the presented features.
Single-chip low-cost time counter for distance measurements with 3 cm resolution

A new design of fully integrated time counter is presented for application in laser ranging systems with 3 cm resolution. The counter is implemented on a single FPGA chip with amorphous antifuse structures. The counter contains two time-to-digital converters, each having 200 ps resolution least-significant bit (LSB) within a 10 ns range and a 32-bit, 100 MHz real-time counter. The control software and a versatile user interface, developed with the aid of the Delphi tools, are also described. At an ambient temperature of we achieved a random error of 129 ps or 0.65 LSB. This is equivalent to a random error in the distance measurement equal to about 2.1 cm. The power consumption of the integrated counter is 5.2 mW when the clock is disconnected, which rises to about 390 mW in the active mode. Un nouveau design d'un compteur d'intervalles de temps entierement integre est presente pour des applications dans les systemes laser de mesure de distance avec une resolution de 3 cm. Le compteur est implante dans un circuit FPGA a structures amorphes `antifuse'. Le compteur contient deux convertisseurs temps-chiffre possedant chacun la resolution de 100 ps du bit le moins significatif (LSB) dans l'intervalle de 10 ns et un compteur temps-reel de 32 bits, 100 MHz. Sont egalement decrits: le logiciel de controle et l'interface flexible utilisateur developpes avec DELPHI. A temperature ambiante de nous avons obtenu l'erreur aleatoire de 129 ps soit 0,65 LSB, ce qui correspond a une erreur de distance d'environ 21 mm. La consommation d'energie du circuit integre est de 5,2 mW avec l'horloge 100 MHz deconnectee augmentant jusqu'a 390 mW en mode actif.
CMOS radiation sensor with binary output

A radiation sensor compatible with CMOS technology is presented. It provides a binary output which changes its state when the total radiation dose exceeds a prefixed threshold. This circuit is intended to be used as a built-in sensor in standard circuits, to prevent malfunction due to radiation hazards. After measuring the radiation effects on MOS devices, the sensitivity of different sensor designs has been calculated. >
Anisotropic Rod-Shaped Particles Influence Injectable Granular Hydrogel Properties and Cell Invasion

Granular hydrogels have emerged as a new class of injectable and porous biomaterials that improve integration with host tissue when compared to solid hydrogels. Granular hydrogels are typically prepared using spherical particles and this study considers whether particle shape (i.e., isotropic spheres versus anisotropic rods) influences granular hydrogel properties and cellular invasion. Simulations predict that anisotropic rods influence pore shape and interconnectivity, as well as bead transport through granular assemblies. Photocrosslinkable norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid is used to produce spherical and rod-shaped particles using microfluidic droplet generators and formed into shear-thinning and self-healing granular hydrogels at low and high particle packing. Rod-shaped particles form granular hydrogels that have anisotropic and interconnected pores, with pore number and size, storage moduli, and extrusion forces influenced by particle shape and packing. Robust in vitro sprouting of endothelial cells from embedded cellular spheroids is observed with rod-shaped particles, including higher sprouting densities and sprout lengths when compared to hydrogels with spherical particles. Cellular invasion into granular hydrogels when injected subcutaneously in vivo is significantly greater with rod-shaped particles, whereas a gradient of cellularity is observed with spherical particles. Overall, this work demonstrates potentially superior functional properties of granular hydrogels with rod-shaped particles for tissue repair.
NSS_A_311672 2175..2202

1Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; 2Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; 3School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; 4The Barberry National Centre for Mental Health, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Trust, Birmingham, UK; 5Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Research and Innovation, Coventry, UK Objective: Recent research indicates that sleep problems in childhood precede the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms, but the mechanisms by which sleep problems associate with BPD are still unknown. This narrative review aims to provide some potential explanations for how early sleep problems might associate with BPD. Methods: We used the biosocial developmental model of BPD as a framework to discuss how sleep problems may associate with BPD. Articles were identified via PubMed and Embase, and papers published between January 1991 and April 2021 were extracted. Authors made a series of literature searches using the following keywords: Sleep problems, Insomnia, Nightmares, Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis (HPA), Prefrontal Cortex, Family Psychopathology, Disrupted Attachment, Child Maltreatment, Impulsivity, Emotion Regulation, Internalizing, Externalizing, Rumination, Childhood, Adolescence, Young people. The inclusion criteria were published in peer-reviewed journals; human studies or reviews; published in English. The exclusion criteria were commentaries; abstracts from conferences; studies with animal samples. A total of 96 articles were included for the purpose of this review. Results: The evidence from this review suggests that some biological factors and core features of BPD act as potential mechanisms mediating the associations between early sleep and subsequent BPD, while some family-related factors might constitute common risk factors for sleep problems and BPD. Conclusion: The biosocial developmental model of BPD provides a plausible characterization of how sleep disruption might lead to subsequent BPD. Further research on new developmental and early intervention approaches to understand how sleep in early stages associates with BPD could have significant clinical impact on these patients and could inform targeted therapeutic interventions.
DETECTION OF DELAMINATION IN CONCRETE BRIDGE DECKS USING MFCC OF ACOUSTIC IMPACT SIGNALS

Delamination of the concrete cover is a commonly observed damage in concrete bridge decks. The delamination is typically initiated by corrosion of the upper reinforcing bars and promoted by freeze‐thaw cycling and traffic loading. The detection of delamination is important for bridge maintenance and acoustic non‐destructive evaluation (NDE) is widely used due to its low cost, speed, and easy implementation. In traditional acoustic approaches, the inspector sounds the surface of the deck by impacting it with a hammer or bar, or by dragging a chain, and assesses delamination by the “hollowness” of the sound. The detection of the delamination is subjective and requires extensive training. To improve performance, this paper proposes an objective method for delamination detection. In this method, mel‐frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) of the signal are extracted. Some MFCC are then selected as features for detection purposes using a mutual information criterion. Finally, the selected features are used to train a classifier which is subsequently used for detection. In this work, a simple quadratic Bayesian classifier is used. Different numbers of features are used to compare the performance of the detection method. The results show that the performance first increases with the number of features, but then decreases after an optimal value. The optimal number of features based on the recorded signals is four, and the mean error rate is only 3.3% when four features are used. Therefore, the proposed algorithm has sufficient accuracy to be used in field detection.Delamination of the concrete cover is a commonly observed damage in concrete bridge decks. The delamination is typically initiated by corrosion of the upper reinforcing bars and promoted by freeze‐thaw cycling and traffic loading. The detection of delamination is important for bridge maintenance and acoustic non‐destructive evaluation (NDE) is widely used due to its low cost, speed, and easy implementation. In traditional acoustic approaches, the inspector sounds the surface of the deck by impacting it with a hammer or bar, or by dragging a chain, and assesses delamination by the “hollowness” of the sound. The detection of the delamination is subjective and requires extensive training. To improve performance, this paper proposes an objective method for delamination detection. In this method, mel‐frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) of the signal are extracted. Some MFCC are then selected as features for detection purposes using a mutual information criterion. Finally, the selected features are used to t.
An Echo State Network Based on Error Compensation for Prediction of Nonlinear Time Series in Industry

The prediction accuracy of nonlinear time series is highly related to the dynamics of the data. In this study, a method based on error compensation is proposed to improve the accuracy of nonlinear time series prediction, especially for the problems in industry. First, an echo state network is modeled to describe the system complexity and then an error compensation is constructed based on least square support vector machine (LSSVM), in which a genetic algorithm is designed to select the training samples for LSSVM so as to reduce the negative impact by noise mixture. To verify the quality of the proposed model, a class of industrial problem for gas flow prediction is employed, and the experimental results indicate that the method gives a better performance than the others.
Stakeholder Engagement in Management Studies: Current and Future Debates

Stakeholder engagement refers to the aims, practices, and impacts of stakeholder relations in businesses and other organizations. According to a general framework, stakeholder engagement has four dimensions: examining stakeholder relations, communicating with stakeholders, learning with (and from) stakeholders, and integrative stakeholder engagement. Stakeholder engagement is increasingly used in areas like strategic management, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and sustainability management, while stakeholder-engagement research in marketing, finance, and human resources (HR) is still less common. Two main camps in the stakeholder-engagement literature exist: the strategic and the normative. To foster an inclusive understanding of stakeholder engagement, future research in both camps is needed. While the strategic camp necessitates a relational view, including both the firm and the stakeholder perspectives, the normative camp requires novel philosophical underpinnings, such as humanism and ecocentrism. Furthermore, there is constant debate about the argument that stakeholder engagement is, and should be, most importantly, practical. Stakeholder-engagement research should focus on solving real-life problems with practical consequences intended to make people’s lives better.
A new species of Sabuloglossum (Geoglossaceae, Ascomycota) from montane areas

Abstract The fungal genus Sabuloglossum (earth tongues) was originally described as a monotypic genus based on the species Geoglossum (Microglossum) arenarium. It typically occupies sandy coastal habitats and forms mycorrhizas with Empetrum nigrum (Ericaceae). While studying material from central Europe (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, and Germany), ascomata morphologically very similar to S. arenarium were observed. They were ecologically limited to mid-altitudinal mountainous habitats and associated with Calluna vulgaris or Vaccinium sp. pl. (Ericaceae). The relationship to S. arenarium and related genera was evaluated using a combination of genetic (nrITS1–5.8S–ITS2 and the 28S nrLSU regions) and comparative morphological analysis. Macro- and micromorphological investigations revealed that mountain populations differ from typical S. arenarium in longer apical cells of paraphyses, more frequently septate ascospores, and the presence of inflated cells in the stipe squamules. In phylogenetic analyses, mountain populations appeared in sister position to S. arenarium in a strongly supported clade. According to these morphological and genetic analyses, in addition to ecological and host-type specificities, the mountain populations from central Europe are proposed here as a distinct species, S. monticola sp. nov. Our study indicates that the speciation of S. monticola may have been driven predominantly by a shift in ecology and mycorrhizal association.
Advantages of Using a Time-Domain Approach for Dynamic Positioning (DP) Pipelay Studies

Normally, the DP capability of a vessel is calculated through the use of static force equilibrium programs in which the dynamic effects are either not taken into account or taken into account by empirical load amplification factors. However, competitive and safe S-laying of large diameter pipelines in deep waters lead to large and long pipe lay vessels for which DP requirements are demanding. The power/propulsion requirement of the vessel needs to be considered from an early stage especially when accounting for the pipe laying equipment demands. This imposes a need for detailed dynamic analysis of the lay vessel. This analysis needs to include the slow drift oscillations counteracted by DP and the analysis in entirety needs to ensure the pipe string integrity is maintained.To this purpose Saipem developed in-house a time-domain simulator (FIPLA – Fully Integrated Pipe LAying) that employs all environmental forces (i.e. wind, wave, current) as well as the pipe tension on the vessel. It is used to assess the DP performances and laying capabilities of pipe lay vessels in harsh dynamic environments as well as critical areas for operations. The software can also be used to assess the performance of the vessel in case of failure of thrusters, power generators or bus bars, study DP Control System improvements, and assess the interaction between vessel, tensioner and pipe in deep and shallow waters.This paper focuses on the advantages of using dynamic simulations as an enhancement to the static DP capability charts, to produce detailed information for the DP Operator (DPO) in terms of setting of the DP parameters and to analyze critical laying events. This information can be used together with the weather forecast and can help getting the best performance out of the DP system in harsh environments, reducing downtime, improving operability and ensuring a safe operation.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
An Application of MCDM on Dormitory Consideration

 Abstract: The objective of this study is to apply Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) on dormitory consideration system. All related criteria are investigated. Four criterias (rent, popular, facility and Uni Gate) are selected. Reviewing on MCDM techniques showed that Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) is the most suitable technique for this system. Then, the decision hierarchy is built. Weight of each criteria is calculated, while, the concurrency reasonable (CR) value is determined. Result shows that all CRs are significant ratio. Hence, these four criterias are suitable for the dormitory consideration system. Finally, the web site is developed based on the AHP.