Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changing patterns of international academic mobility: the experiences of Western-origin faculty members in Turkey

ABSTRACT International academic mobility has gained widespread attention in higher education as new hosting countries have emerged in addition to traditional destinations. In this changing environment, little emphasis has been placed on international academics in emerging non-Western destinations. This qualitative study examines the experiences of 18 Western-origin faculty members in Turkey, an emerging destination for international academics with its unique culture blending East and West, and explores their rationales for moving to Turkey, the positive experiences and challenges they have faced during their time in the country, and their career expectations. The findings indicate that the rationales, experiences, and expectations of Western-origin academics in Turkey are multifaceted and mostly differ from those in traditional destinations of international academic mobility. Benefitting from a comparative lens on traditional and emerging destinations, understanding the experiences of international academics in diverse country cases requires a multidimensional focus on individual and contextual elements.
Determination of Nutritional Status Using Classification Method Datamining Using K- Nearst Neighbord (KNN) Algorithm

The Determination of nutritional status aims to determine the nutritional status of children, in health centers in the district of Bojonggambir, the parameters commonly used in determining the nutritional status of children based on body weight according to age (WA/ A), IIn determining the nutritional status of children often miscalculates due to several factors including, the psychological factors of nutritionists due to the large number of cases handled and the limited number of human resources in addition to the number of posyandu managed by the health center in Bojongambir quite a number of thousands of children each year, the purpose of this study is to determine patterns in the process of determining nutritional status and overcome the risk of errors in calculations performed by nutritionists, the method used in this study is the classification of data mining with the k nearst neighbord algorithm, the results of the k nearst neighbord algorithm calculation with the euncledean distance formula against 1001 children's data with value k is determined k = 3, k = 5, k = 7, k = 9, resulting in an average accuracy value of 96.88%, precision 98.59%, recall 95.25% and AUC 0.989 based on these results, it can be concluded the process of determining the nutritional status using an algorithm k nearst neighbord can be applied with very good accuracy results.
Stable High-Speed Quadrotor Flight using Differential Trajectory

This paper addresses the trajectory tracking control issue of a quadrotor with environmental disturbances, which particularly focuses on attitude correction during flight and response speed improvement. In this paper, the proposed control method uses the differential equation to transform the desired trajectory for improving the robustness of a quadrotor during high-speed flight. Meanwhile, a nonlinear controller based on the rotation matrix is designed to avoid singularities of Euler angles. The controller can also stabilize the position error to zero without reducing the control thrust when the attitude error is large. Finally, we conduct simulations on a tethered quadrotor to achieve high-speed flight in limited space. The simulation results show that the control method can stabilize a quadrotor at high-speed trajectory flight and keep a quadrotor stable when it is disturbed by aerodynamic drag and mass change.
Optimization of germination of white sorghum by response surface methodology for preparing porridges with biological potential

ABSTRACT Sorghum’s biological potential can be exploited to formulate healthy foods. The objective of this work was to optimize the germination process of sorghum to maximize the content of free phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. According to the response surface methodology, the maximum content of total phenols and ferulic acid was obtained at 35°C and 28 h of germination, while the optimal antioxidant activity was obtained at 33.6°C and 28 h and 27.4°C 28 h measured as DPPH and TEAC respectively. The porridges obtained from germinated sorghum flours showed a higher content of total phenols and antioxidant activity compared to non-germinated ones. Porridges formulated with germinated sorghum flour showed an increase of 12% as compared with porridge formulated with flour non-germinated sorghum. Ferulic acid showed a significant reduction in both evaluated porridges.
How much Arctic fresh water participates in the subpolar overturning circulation?

<p><span>Fresh Arctic waters flowing into the Atlantic are thought to have two primary fates. They may be mixed into the deep ocean as part of the overturning circulation, or flow alongside regions of deep water formation without impacting overturning. Climate models suggest that as increasing amounts of fresh water enter the Atlantic, the overturning circulation will be disrupted, yet we lack an understanding of how much fresh water is mixed into the overturning circulation's deep limb in the present day. To constrain these fresh water pathways, we build steady-state volume, salt, and heat budgets east of Greenland that are initialized with observations and closed using inverse methods. Fresh water sources are split into oceanic Polar Waters from the Arctic and surface fresh water fluxes, which include net precipitation, runoff, and ice melt, to examine how they imprint the circulation differently. We find that 65 mSv of the total 110 mSv of surface fresh water fluxes that enter our domain participate in the overturning circulation, as do 0.6 Sv of the total 1.2 Sv of Polar Waters that flow through Fram Strait. Based on these results, we hypothesize that the overturning circulation is more sensitive to future changes in Arctic fresh water outflow and precipitation, while Greenland runoff and iceberg melt are more likely to stay along the coast of Greenland. </span></p>
A Single Seed Protein Extraction Protocol for Characterizing Brassica Seed Storage Proteins

Rapeseed oil-extracted expeller cake mostly contains protein. Various approaches have been used to isolate, detect and measure proteins in rapeseeds, with a particular focus on seed storage proteins (SSPs). To maximize the protein yield and minimize hazardous chemical use, isolation costs and the loss of seed material, optimization of the extraction method is pivotal. For some studies, it is also necessary to minimize or avoid seed-to-seed cross-contamination for phenotyping and single-tissue type analysis to know the exact amount of any bioactive component in a single seed, rather than a mixture of multiple seeds. However, a simple and robust method for single rapeseed seed protein extraction (SRPE) is unavailable. To establish a strategy for optimizing SRPE for downstream gel-based protein analysis, yielding the highest amount of SSPs in the most economical and rapid way, a variety of different approaches were tested, including variations to the seed pulverization steps, changes to the compositions of solvents and reagents and adjustments to the protein recovery steps. Following SRPE, 1D-SDS-PAGE was used to assess the quality and amount of proteins extracted. A standardized SRPE procedure was developed and then tested for yield and reproducibility. The highest protein yield and quality were obtained using a ball grinder with stainless steel beads in Safe-Lock microcentrifuge tubes with methanol as the solvent, providing a highly efficient, economic and effective method. The usefulness of this SRPE was validated by applying the procedure to extract protein from different Brassica oilseeds and for screening an ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutant population of Brassica rapa R-0-18. The outcomes provide useful methodology for identifying and characterizing the SSPs in the SRPE.
The intermolecular complexes of SSF2 with HF, H2O, NH3, HCN and CH3OH molecules

ABSTRACT Intermolecular complexes of thiothionyl-fluoride (SSF2) with HY molecules (HY = HF, H2O, NH3, HCN and CH3OH) have been studied theoretically at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ computational level. The SSF2 can have both hydrogen and chalcogen-bond (CB) interactions with HY molecules. The central S atom of SSF2 as a better electron acceptor gives stronger adducts with HY molecules. CB interactions for the central S atom correlate with red shift of the S═S band. The QTAIM and NBO analyses were carried out on SSF2 complexes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Mitigating Packet Reordering for Random Packet Spraying in Data Center Networks

Modern data center networks are usually constructed in multi-rooted tree topologies, which require the highly efficient multi-path load balancing to achieve high link utilization. Recent packet-level load balancer obtains high throughput by spraying packets to all paths, but it easily leads to the packet reordering under network asymmetry. The flow-level or flowlet-level load balancer avoids the packet reordering, while reducing the link utilization due to their inflexibility. To solve these problems, we design a Queueing Delay Aware Packet Spraying (QDAPS), that effectively mitigates the packet reordering for packet-level load balancer. QDAPS selects paths for packets according to the queueing delay of output buffer, and lets the packet arriving earlier be forwarded before the later packets to avoid packet reordering. Moreover, we adopt the “power-of- $n$ -choices” paradigm on QDAPS to alleviate the impact of herd behavior under multiple forwarding engines. We compare QDAPS with ECMP, LetFlow and RPS through NS2 simulation and Mininet implementation. The test results show that QDAPS reduces flow completion time (FCT) by ~30%-50% over the state-of-the-art load balancing mechanism.
Crossing boundaries in conservation: land ownership and habitat influence the occupancy of an at‐risk small mammal

Ecological research is critical for informing management of at-risk species, for example, by identifying what drives occupancy of species across landscapes. However, restricting research to public land and omitting private land, as commonly occurs in ecological research, can bias inferences because important drivers of population and community patterns may vary with land ownership. We conducted a landscape-scale study of a species of conservation concern, white-tailed prairie dog (WTPD; Cynomys leucurus ), across multiple land ownerships in Wyoming. We quanti ﬁ ed how WTPD occupancy varied with both land ownership and biotic and abiotic factors. We established a baseline occupancy rate for WTPD in Wyoming, and quanti ﬁ ed how this baseline would have been biased if we had restricted our study to public land. We surveyed 440 sites throughout the Wyoming range of WTPD, which included sites on public (275), private (80), checkerboard (55), and Wind River Indian Reservation (30) land. We found that WTPD occupancy varied signi ﬁ cantly with land ownership and elevation, with WTPD being four times as likely to occupy private as public land at the median study area elevation. This difference in occupancy may have been driven by variation in habitat quality between ownership types, but we could not de ﬁ nitively deter-mine the underlying cause. Regardless of land ownership, WTPD occupancy increased with bare ground, but also when recent plant biomass (as estimated by NDVI) was higher than a site ’ s long-term average biomass. In other words, WTPD tended to occupy sparsely vegetated sites, but occupancy increased with short-term increases in biomass. The strong land ownership effect illustrates how study area delineation in relation to land ownership can in ﬂ uence research inferences and management actions, and why it is coun-terproductive to presuppose that certain land ownerships contain low-quality habitat. Ecologically, the variation in occupancy resulting from long-term site conditions, such as overall density of vegetation, relative to short-term site conditions, such as changes in plant biomass, can be used to improve long-term population monitoring for WTPD.
Estudo Psicométrico da Versão Portuguesa do Questionário de Padrões de Comunicação – Versão Curta numa Amostra de Mulheres Heterossexuais

Couple interactions are characterized by two types of communication patterns: complementary (e.g., demand/withdraw) and symmetrical (e.g., mutual constructive communication, mutual avoidance). Christensen and Heavey’s Communication Patterns Questionnaire Short Form (CPQ-SF) aims to assess communication patterns in couples. This was a cross-sectional, observational study with the aim of exploring the factor structure and psychometric characteristics of the Portuguese version of the CPQ-SF. A sample of 164 heterosexual women answered the questionnaires online. The factor structure was different from the original and was composed of three subscales: Positive Symmetrical Pattern, Negative Alternate Pattern, and Negative Complementary Pattern. The questionnaire showed good factorial, convergent, and divergent validity, and good internal consistency. Negative communication patterns were associated with marital difficulties, while the positive symmetrical pattern was a resource for couples. Therefore, couple interventions should promote the use of adaptive communication strategies (e.g., negotiation), and minimize the use of potentially problematic strategies (e.g., blame).
Numerical studies on sizing/ rating of plate fin heat exchangers for a modified Claude cycle based helium liquefier/ refrigerator

Performance of modern helium refrigeration/ liquefaction systems depends significantly on the effectiveness of heat exchangers. Generally, compact plate fin heat exchangers (PFHE) having very high effectiveness (>0.95) are used in such systems. Apart from basic fluid film resistances, various secondary parameters influence the sizing/ rating of these heat exchangers. In the present paper, sizing calculations are performed, using in-house developed numerical models/ codes, for a set of high effectiveness PFHE for a modified Claude cycle based helium liquefier/ refrigerator operating in the refrigeration mode without liquid nitrogen (LN2) pre-cooling. The combined effects of secondary parameters like axial heat conduction through the heat exchanger metal matrix, parasitic heat in-leak from surroundings and variation in the fluid/ metal properties are taken care of in the sizing calculation. Numerical studies are carried out to predict the off-design performance of the PFHEs in the refrigeration mode with LN2 pre-cooling. Iterative process cycle calculations are also carried out to obtain the inlet/ exit state points of the heat exchangers.
A Novel Vertical Wire-Bonding Compensation Structure Adaptively Modeled and Optimized With GRNN and GA Methods for System in Package

In this article, a novelvertical wire-bonding interconnect structure is intelligently modeled and optimized with general artificial neural network (GRNN) and genetic algorithm (GA) for multilayered system in package. A compensation structure is constructed with a hybrid inductive and capacitive technique, while a capacitive stripline with series inductive short-end via is designed underneath the 50-Ω transmission line. The GRNN algorithm is employed to build the electromagnetic model databases during the procedure of GA optimization. In comparison with the conventional optimization algorithm, the output performances can be directly achieved with collaboratively combined methods, which can significantly reduce the calculation time. From the measurement results, the return loss is improved significantly while the parasitic inductive behavior of the bonding wire is eliminated with the presented design. Moreover, compared with the traditional compensation techniques, no additional area is occupied on the surface plane of the wire-bonding interconnection, which is more suitable for the high-integrated circuit system.
A model-based exploratory study of sulfur dioxide dispersions from concentrated animal feeding operations in the Southeastern United States

ABSTRACT In the Southeastern U. S. there are Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) that emit a variety of gases, including SO2. Sulfur is emitted as reduced sulfur compounds and can react in the atmosphere to produce SO2. It is expected that the concentration and spread of SO2 emissions from these sources would differ between wet and dry periods. In this research, SO2 emissions from locations representing CAFOs and its dispersion over the southeastern U.S. were simulated through sensitivity experiments using the Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF- Chem) model. Simulations were performed for dry periods and precipitation events that occurred over western Kentucky between July 7 and 13 July 2012. The study found that spatial coverage of SO2 dispersion originating from these locations was reduced during precipitation events and expanded during dry periods. The average concentration of SO2 over the study area was also higher during the breaks between precipitation events than during precipitation. The highest concentrations of SO2 exceeding 1,000 pptv remained within close range of the emission locations for the majority of the simulations, except for when local surface wind speeds were high. Most emissions from the locations remained limited to the surface and lower levels of the atmosphere (850 mb).
Algorithmic performance constraints for wind turbine condition monitoring via convolutional sparse coding with dictionary learning

We analyze vibration signals from wind turbines with dictionary learning and investigate the relation between dictionary distances and faults occurring in a wind turbine output shaft rolling element bearing and gearbox under different data and compute constraints. Dictionary learning is an unsupervised machine learning method for signal processing, which permits learning a set of signal-specific features that have been used to monitor the condition of rotating machines, including wind turbines. Dictionary distance is one such feature, and its effectiveness depends on an adequate selection of the dictionary learning hyperparameters and the data availability, which typically is constrained in condition monitoring systems for remotely located wind farms. Here we evaluate the characteristics of the dictionary distance feature under healthy and faulty conditions of the wind turbines using different options for the selection of the pretrained dictionary, the sparsity of the signal model which determines the compute requirements, and the interval between data samples. Furthermore, we compare the dictionary distance feature to the typical time-domain features used in condition monitoring. We find that the dictionary distance based feature of a faulty wind turbine deviates by a factor of two or more from the population distribution several weeks before the gearbox bearing fault was reported, using a data sampling interval as long as 24 h and a model sparsity as low as 2.5%.
Regulating innovation in the early development of cell therapies

Clinical need for paradigm shifts in efficacy and safety is driving the rapid and wide-ranging innovation in cell therapies for cancer beyond existing regulatory frameworks. Critical issues emerging during clinical trials frequently reflect unresolved elements of the regulation of innovation conundrum from earlier stages of development. We address this challenge using a global regulators’ perspective on the preclinical development of cell therapies, as a navigational aid to intended commercial use which maximises the clinical relevance of developmental data. We examine the implications of tumour targeting based on B cell, natural killer cell, conventional and unconventional T cell receptor domains; multiplex approaches; genetic manipulation strategies; and autologous versus allogeneic cell sources. We propose that detailed characterisation of both the cell source and final product is critical to optimising manufacture of individualised autologous or off the shelf allogeneic cell therapies, enabling product consistency to underpin extrapolation of clinical trial data to the expected commercial use. We highlight preclinical approaches to characterising target antigens including the Human Cell Atlas initiative, multi-dimensional cell culture, and safety testing against activated, proliferating or stressed control cells. Practical solutions are provided for preclinical toxicity studies when cell therapies target uniquely human tumour antigens, including illustrative mitigation measures for potential toxicity likely to support timely approval of first-in-human clinical trials. We recommend addressing the regulation of innovation conundrum through serial engagement between innovators and regulators early in the development of cell therapies for cancer, accelerating patient access while safeguarding against unacceptable toxicities.
The diversity and function of intestinal microorganisms in four geographic Cephalcia chuxiongica (a pine defoliator) populations

Symbiotic microbiomes play important roles in hosts’ adaptation and evolution. Here, the gut bacterial communities in Cephalcia chuxiongica, a key pest of pines in China, were studied for the first time by using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The composition of gut bacterial communities differed in different C. chuxiongica geographic populations but interestingly, the phylogeny and diversity of gut microbiota correlated with host geographic/genetic distance, that is the microbiota was more similar as the geographic/genetic distance decreased, and vice versa. The various microbes performed similar functions and showed functional complementation, in which most of identified KEGG pathways were shared by different populations with metabolism being the most dominant functional pathway and the function of major microbes associated with host dietary specialization (pine needles), such as cellulose degradation. In addition, some microbes also associated with host biological characteristics, such as Wolbachia with parthenogenesis and Serratia with the long‐term larval diapause in C. chuxiongica. Therefore, the synergy of environmental and host factors shapes the structure of gut microbiota and gut microbiota play essential roles in host physiology and adaptation, suggesting some kind of symbiosis and coevolution. These results demonstrate the important contribution of gut microbiota and provide a sound foundation for developing control strategies for this pest.
Alignment Method for Synchronized Phase Angle Measurement With Presence of Practical Time Shift

Synchronized Phase Angle Measurements (SPAMs) are widely used in power systems in the applications of situational awareness. However, the practical time shifts can lead to unexpected angle differences among Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) manufactured from various vendors. Moreover, since most of PMUs calculate phase angle via Discrete Fourier Transform based approaches, this issue becomes even worse under the off-nominal frequency condition. To mitigate the impact of practical timing shift, this letter presents a fast method to rectify the SPAM for appropriate alignment. To verify the performance of the proposed method, laboratory and field tests have been conducted by implementing the method in PMUs and phasor data concentrators, respectively. The results demonstrate that the standard deviations of the phase angle differences have significantly decreased to 0.1$^{\circ }$ order with the adoption of the proposed method.