Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Hierarchical Extension of the HOG Model Implemented in the Convolution-net for Human Detection

: For the detection of generic objects in the ﬁeld of image processing, histograms of orientation gradients (HOG) is discussed for these years. The performance of the classiﬁcation system using HOG shows a good result. However, the performance of using HOG descriptor would be inﬂuenced by the detecting object size. In order to overcome this problem, we introduce a kind of hierarchy inspired from the convolution-net, which is a model of our visual processing system in the brain. The hierarchical HOG (H-HOG) integrates several scales of HOG descriptors in its architecture, and represents the input image as the combinatorial of more complex features rather than that of the orientation gradients. We investigate the H-HOG performance and compare with the conventional HOG. In the result, we obtain the better performance rather than the conventional HOG. Especially the size of representation dimension is much smaller than the conventional HOG without reducing the detecting performance.
Inhibition of p34cdc2Kinase Activity by Etoposide or Irradiation as a Mechanism of G2 Arrest in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells1

The mammalian homologue of the yeast cdc2 gene product, p34"*''2,is a cell cycle-regulated protein essential for mitosis. We have used polyclonal antisera raised against a peptide corresponding to the carboxyl terminus of the sequence of human cdc2 to study p34dc2 in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Major bands are immunoprecipitated at a molecular weight of 34,000, although not in the presence of competing antigenic peptide. p34"" is coimmunoprecipitated with proteins of mo lecular weights of 52,000 and 57,000. Immunoprecipitates express histone HI kinase activity which varies throughout the cell cycle, maximal activity being observed in G2-M. The activity of the p34cic2 kinase varies according to its association with the M, 52,000 and 57,000 proteins and according to their phosphorylation state. Treatment of either asynchron ous CHO cells or an enriched G2 population with the antitumor agent, etoposide, results in rapid inhibition of immunoprecipitated p34rfc2 kinase activity, which is not due to a direct effect of drug upon the enzyme. p34cdc2kinase activity recovers as cells arrest in G2 and a second etoposide treatment further inhibits p34cdc2kinase activity and prolongs G2 arrest. Exposure of asynchronous CHO cells to 7-irradiation also inhibits p34cdc2 kinase activity within 1 h. Again this activity recovers as cells accumulate in G2. These results suggest that DNA damage in CHO cells elicits a response which results in inhibition of p34cdc2 kinase activity and, con sequently, G2 arrest.
Juntendo Medical Journal

However, this is not always possible. For example, the transition current densities themselves are required in such calculations as the transverse form factors of electron scattering at finite momentum transfer and transverse nuclear polarization effects of muonic atoms [1]. In these cases, it is inevitable to treat the three current operator directly. It has been proposed to extend the Siegert theorem to finite momentum transfers [2]-[4]. Unfortunately, different prescriptions for imposing the constraints of charge conservation lead to quite different predictions for the electromagnetic form factors. Furthermore, the results violate charge conservation because of adopting an approximate current operator and/or diagonalization of the nuclear Hamiltonian in a truncated Hilbert space. It is also well known that once the nuclear Hamiltonian is given, the electromagnetic current obtained from the minimal prescription satisfies the charge conservation, although there remains a problem whether it is legitimate to apply the minimal prescription to a Hamiltonian describing the extended particles such as nucleons. As far as the part of the current which gives non vanishing contribution to the charge conservation is concerned, there is some validity to use the minimal prescription to the nuclear Hamiltonian to obtain the current density operator. (See Refs. [5] for recent contributions on these points). At first sight, this seems to be sufficient to obtain the current satisfying the charge conservation so that we need not to worry about the
From Fiscal Decentralisation to Economic Growth: The Role of Complementary Institutions

Decentralisation is theoretically expected to be a platform towards efficient provision of the local public goods and services. This is expected to boost economic growth due to efficient and effective utilisation of scarce fiscal resources. Nevertheless, the existing empirical studies present mixed results on this expected positive relationship among decentralisation and economic growth. Recently, the theories of fiscal federalism have also pressed upon the enabling environment for effective decentralisation; talking explicitly, an enabling institutional setup is required. The current study explores the complementarity between fiscal decentralisation and other institutions for stimulating growth and the study uses rich crosscountry panel data for the period 1984 to 2012, covering both the developing and developed countries of the world. The results suggest that positive relationship exist between fiscal decentralisation and economic growth for the developed countries while evidence was not found in the case of developing countries. Further, it was found that fiscal decentralisation and quality institutions are complementary for economic growth.
ASYMMETRY ANALYSIS OF CROSS ON GYMNASTICS TRAINING AND COMPETITION RINGS

Based on biomechanics and the principles of training specificity, the purpose of this study was to verify whether the use of a training device is a specific drill to the static cross posture on rings. Six elite Brazilian gymnasts performed the cross on competition and training rings. Variables analysed from digitised video data were right and left shoulder angles in the frontal plane. Larger angles were found when performing the cross on training rings for right (RMSD 3.20°) and left (RMSD 3.27°) shoulders. Less inter-limb asymmetry was also reported for the training rings (1.87%), compared to the competition (2.25%) condition. The training device seems to allow elite gymnasts to reduce shoulder asymmetry and deviations from 90° whilst performing the cross, which can lead to execution penalties in competition.
Sweet instigator

Acknowledgements Financial support by Censydiam, the FWO (Fund for Scientific Research Flanders) and the OT (university grant) are gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank all members of the consumer behaviour group at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and all members of the Sauder School of Business Marketing Division at the University of British Columbia for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.
Using Petra Simulation in Teaching Graduate Courses in Human Resource Management: A Hybrid Pedagogy

Abstract The Petra simulation project is a hybrid pedagogy developed to teach master’s-level courses in human resources management by incorporating traditional teaching with role-playing. PSP aims to improve students’ understanding of theories and applications of human resources management in the public sector through a semester-long series of learning activities inside and outside the classroom. During the semester, students form groups and work as teams to perform several tasks: (a) lead class discussion of human resources topics, (b) analyze existing personnel systems, (c) develop a personnel system for a mythical city—Petra—from the ground up and write recommendations for system implementation, (d) defend the constructed personnel system, and (e) complete two take-home exams. This paper reports on these activities, in which 40 master of public administration students have participated. Based on a survey with 19 close-ended questions, 82 percent of students rated the Petra simulation project successful and 77 percent believed it satisfied their learning needs. This study calls on graduate faculty to diversify their teaching methods in order to improve learning outcomes.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- in cystic fibrosis lung epithelium

Perez A, van Heeckeren AM, Nichols D, Gupta S, Eastman JF, Davis PB. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorin cystic fibrosis lung epithelium. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 295: L303–L313, 2008. First published June 13, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajplung.90276. 2008. —The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) inflammatory lung disease is not well understood. CF airway epithelial cells respond to inflammatory stimuli with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines as a result of increased NFB activation. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR ) inhibits NFB activity and is reported to be reduced in CF. If PPAR participates in regulatory dysfunction in the CF lung, perhaps PPAR ligands might be useful therapeutically. Cell models of CF airway epithelium were used to evaluate PPAR expression and binding to NFB at basal and under conditions of inflammatory stimulation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or TNF /IL-1 . An animal model of CF was used to evaluate the potential of PPAR agonists as therapeutic agents in vivo. In vitro, PPAR agonists reduced IL-8 and MMP-9 release from airway epithelial cells in response to PAO1 or TNF / IL-1 stimulation. Less NFB bound to PPAR in CF than normal cells, in two different assays; PPAR agonists abrogated this reduction. PPAR bound less to its target DNA sequence in CF cells. To test the importance of the reported PPAR inactivation by phosphorylation, we observed that inhibitors of ERK, but not JNK, were synergistic with PPAR agonists in reducing IL-8 secretion. In vivo, administration of PPAR agonists reduced airway inflammation in response to acute infection with P. aeruginosa in CF, but not wildtype, mice. In summary, PPAR inhibits the inflammatory response in CF, at least in part by interaction with NFB in airway epithelial cells. PPAR agonists may be therapeutic in CF.
Advances in Basic , Laboratory and Clinical Aspects of Thromboembolic Diseases * PLATELET AND MONOCYTE VARIABLES IN HOMOCYSTINURIA DUE TO CYSTATHIONINE-b-SYNTHASE DEFICIENCY

arterial and venous thrombosis are major clinical problems in the management of patients with homocystinuria due to homozygous cystathionine-b-synthase deficiency (CBSD). A large series of studies has been devoted to identifying the hemostatic mechanisms involved in this tendency. Enhanced platelet biosynthesis of TXA2 is an important contributor to the thrombotic tendency associated with several cardiovascular risk factors. We have demonstrated abnormally high in vivo TXA2 biosynthesis in homozygous homocystinuric patients, as evaluated by urinary excretion of its major metabolite, 11-dehydro-TXB2 (TXM). Such abnormal biosynthesis is likely to reflect in vivo platelet activation. Ex vivo studies have revealed abnormalities of platelet function in clinical settings with abnormally high TXM excretion and a thrombotic tendency in vivo. On the other hand, monocytes have been shown to form thromboxane and to generate free radicals, which in turn may trigger platelet activation. Therefore we measured a series of platelet and monocyte variables and evaluated their relationship to TXM excretion in homozygous CBSD patients. Heterozygosity for CBSD is a rather common condition (1-2% of general population) characterized by mild hyperhomocysteinemia and a similar tendency to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. We extended our studies to some obligate heterozygous patients to compare platelet and monocyte variables and TXM excretion in these two settings.
The determination of hydroxyl by infrared absorption in quartz, silicate glasses and similar materials

L'analyse des calibrations existantes pour differentes substances montre que l'intensite de l'absorption des I.R. de 3 µm par les hydroxyles depend de la frequence. Quand on prend en compte le facteur d'anisotropie γ, une raie unique de calibration pour le coefficient d'absorption molaire integral I peut, en premiere approximation, etre utilisee pour une variete de substances telles que les verres de silicate ou autre, le quartz et les diverses formes de l'eau. La relation utilisee est I/γ = 150(3 780 — v) ou v est le nombre d'onde en cm⁻¹ et I est donne en cm⁻² par mole H/1. Avec cette relation, on peut, en premiere approximation, estimer le contenu d'hydroxyle associe a l'absorption en bande large ou de type gel dans le quartz et les substances semblables. Ceci implique que la distribution des forces de liaison des hydroxyles est beaucoup plus affectee aux grands nombres d'onde que ne le suggere a priori la forme du spectre.
L p estimation of the diffusion coef ® cient

We study the functional estimation of the space-dependent diffusion coef®cient in a one-dimensional framework. The sample path is observed at discrete times. We study global Lp-loss errors (1 < p ,1) over Besov spaces Bsp1. We show that, under suitable conditions, the minimax rate of convergence is the usual nÿs=(12s). Linking our model to nonparametric regression, we provide an estimating procedure based on a linear wavelet method which is optimal in the minimax sense.
SMILE AND TALK-ANA, THE ARCHITECTURE OF A ROBOT THAT VERBALLY AND NONVERBALLY UNDERSTANDS YOU

 Robots capable of recognizing and analyzing verbal and nonverbal communication can play important role in many domains, especially where the verbal communication does not provide enough information to build the best interaction experience. The ability to remember a person or to analyze his/her facial expressions can be important tools to improve the humanrobot interaction, especially when the robot might have to deal with different people for long time. In this work it is presented the interaction architecture of ANA, the robotic receptionist created to interact with Brazilians speakers. The architecture provides support to verbal communication, such as voice and text inputs, and nonverbal information, such as facial and basic emotions recognition. To increase the robustness of interactions, the knowledge of the robot was modeled over ontologies using local and remote bases. To validate the model, ANA interacted with workers, provided information and captured their emotions and classified them. These sentiments were used to calculate the emotion average rate for each hour of the day, providing data about the workers' behaviors. Keywords Interaction, Verbal and Non verbal Communication, Emotion-Oriented System, Facial Expressions, Robotics Resumo Robôs capazes de reconhecer e analisar a comunicação verbal e não verbal podem desempenhar um papel importante em muitos domínios, especialmente onde a comunicação verbal não fornece informações suficientes para criar a melhor experiência de interação. A capacidade de se lembrar de uma pessoa ou de analisar suas expressões faciais podem ser ferramentas importantes para melhorar a interação humano-robô, especialmente quando o robô pode ter que lidar com pessoas diferentes por muito tempo. Neste trabalho é apresentada a arquitetura de interação da ANA, a recepcionista robótica criado para interagir com brasileiros. A arquitetura fornece suporte à comunicação verbal, como entradas de voz e texto, e informações não-verbais, como reconhecimento de emoções faciais básicas. Para aumentar a robustez das interações, o conhecimento do robô foi modelado em ontologias usando bases locais e remotas. Para validar o modelo, ANA interagiu com trabalhadores, forneceu informações e capturou suas emoções e as classificou. Esses sentimentos foram usados para calcular a taxa média de emoção para cada hora do dia, fornecendo dados sobre os comportamentos dos trabalhadores. Palavras-chave Interação, Comunicação verbal e não verbal, Sistemas orientados à emoção, Expressões Faciais, Robótica
Boundary element formulation for electro-elastic interaction in piezoelectric materials

This paper is concerned with a boundary integral formulation of coupled piezoelectro-elasticity. The "displacement-potential" boundary integral equation is first derived from the weighted residual statement. A twodimensional fundamental solution associated with the boundary integral formulation is then constructed in closed form by solving a coupled set of equations for a transversely isotropic piezoelectric material in terms of the displacement and electrical potential with the aid of double Fourier transform. The boundary integral equation and associated fundamental solution is then implemented in the spline boundary element method. INTRODUCTION With the increasing use of piezoelectric ceramics and composites to engineering applications such as sensors and actuators, the problem of electro-elastic interactions in piezoelectric materials has attracted considerable attention in the last few years. Most of the recent investigations are concerned with fracture problems [12, 13, 15, 16, 20] due to the brittle nature of the piezoelectric materials. However, the equations of piezoelectricity are sufficiently complex to preclude closed from solutions for all but the simplest cases. Therefore a great interest lies in developing a reliable numerical technique with which many engineering fracture problems can be analyzed. Several finite element formulation of Allik and Hughes [1] proposed their finite element formulation (which was later incorporated in Transactions on Modelling and Simulation vol 2, © 1993 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-355X 610 Boundary Elements ANSYS [17]) and several others have been reported in the literature. To the best of authors' knowledge, however, no boundary element formulation for piezoelectro-elasticity has been reported. This paper presents a boundary integral formulation and an associated twodimensional fundamental solution of coupled piezoelectro-elasticity. The "displacement-potential" boundary integral equation is first derived by using the weighted residual method. The fundamental solution for twodimensional transversely isotropic piezoelectric materials is then obtained in closed form with the aid of double Fourier transform. GOVERNING EQUATIONS Here we present a brief summary of the linear theory of piezoelectroelasticity. A formal exposition of general non-linear theory can be found elsewhere [e.g., 4, 10]. The governing field equations of piezoelastic materials are
Research on the SOC definition and measurement method of batteries used in EVs

For the requirement of building up the battery management system of electric vehicles (EVs), the real time measurement and estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of the lead acid batteries are investigated, because the popular SOC definition is unsuitable under the condition of variable current discharge. The reasons of this kind of unsuitability are analyzed, and the characteristics and existing problems of different kinds of SOC measuring methods are compared. On the basis of what mentioned above, some corrections are given to the popular SOC definition, and the conceptions of "calibrated SOC" and "transient SOC" are introduced. The corrected definition of SOC can be suitable for the real time SOC estimation very well under the variable current condition of the batteries used in EVs. Based on the corrected SOC definition, the SOC's measuring method and the computational model are simple, convenient, practicable, and reliable.
Some Investigations on Thermal Analysis of Aluminium Alloys in Friction Stir Welding

Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process mostly used to weld aluminium alloys which are difficult to weld by conventional fusion welding processes. Apart from this, its ecofriendly and versatile quality makes friction stir welding stand unique from other traditional welding. As the joining process in friction stir welding is done below the melting point of base metal, it can be considered as the most significant development in metal joining world. It is essential to measure the amount of heat generated and temperature distribution during friction stir welding as it had direct influence over the mechanical properties of the weld zone and heat affected zone. However, it is difficult to measure temperature in the weld zone due to the plastic deformation produced non-consumable rotating tool. In this review article, development in the analysis of heat generation and temperature distribution are addressed. The complexities in experimental analysis lead to numerical analysis in the measurement of temperature histories during friction stir welding and hence more emphasis has been given to the latest developments in numerical analysis of friction stir welding process.
Running head: Superstition and causal illusions Superstition predicts perception of illusory control

Superstitions are common, yet we have little understanding of the cognitive mechanisms that bring them about. The present study used a laboratory-based analogue for superstitious beliefs that involved people monitoring the relationship between undertaking an action (pressing a button) and an outcome occurring (a light illuminating). The task was arranged such that there was no objective contingency between pressing the button and the light illuminating – the light was just as likely to illuminate whether the button was pressed or not. Nevertheless, most people rated the causal relationship between the button-press and the light illuminating to be moderately positive, demonstrating an illusion of causality. The present study found that the magnitude of this illusion was predicted by people’s level of endorsement of common superstitious beliefs (measured using a novel Superstitious Beliefs Questionnaire), but was not associated with mood variables or their self-rated locus of control. This observation is consistent with a more general individual difference or bias to overweight conjunctive events over disjunctive events during causal reasoning in those with a propensity for superstitious beliefs.
Automatic Tuning of the Unscented Kalman Filter and the Blind Tricyclist Problem: An Optimization Problem

The extended Kalman filter (EKF) [1] has been a widely used nonlinear estimation tool for more than four decades [2], but it may perform poorly when the dynamic system is not almost linear on the time scale of the update intervals [3]? [5]. In such cases, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) [6] has the potential to achieve better estimation performance than the EKF, while having computational complexity of the same order of magnitude [6]. To work properly, the UKF requires values for the three parameters of the (scaled) unscented transform (UT) [7]. The user is thus faced with a difficult task, for which there is little theoretical guidance. This fact has given rise to numerous heuristics for tuning of the UT parameters (see "Related Work" for a brief review of the relevant literature).