Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SOVA Based LTE Turbo Decoders

The Max-Log-MAP algorithm is commonly used in a constituent decoder for turbo coding applications. In this thesis, the use of Soft-Output Viterbi Algorithms (SOVAs) as an alternative to Max-Log-MAP for use in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard is investigated. The decoding performance of the Battail Rule SOVA (BR-SOVA) was found to be comparable to that of the Max-LogMAP although there is a high price to be paid in terms of hardware complexity. A Simplified Battail Rule SOVA (SB-SOVA) algorithm that is suitable for hardware implementation is proposed, and the decoding performance of SB-SOVA is similar to BR-SOVA. A proposed hybridSOVA architecture that combines both Hagenauer Rule SOVA (HR-SOVA) and BR-SOVA to reduce the computational complexity of SB-SOVA is described, and the decoding performance was found to be within 0.1 dB of SB-SOVA. To improve throughput and reduce the latency, the input data block is divided into windows to allow for parallel processing. The α-stage warm-up method to determine the initial state of a window was found to give better performance as compared to the next iteration initialize (NII) method, with the performance of a windowed decoder performing within 0.1 dB of the ideal Max-Log-MAP. Hardware architectures for the SB-SOVA and hybridSOVA decoders are presented and the memory requirements for SOVA were assessed to be around 10 % of that required for Max-Log-MAP on a per-window basis. The SB-SOVA and hybrid-SOVA decoders consume 87 % and 30 % more hardware resources per window respectively as compared to the Max-Log-MAP decoder. For the same degree of parallelization, the SOVA-based decoders provide 34 % higher throughput than a MaxLog-MAP decoder. The increased throughput of the SOVA architecture may enable the SB-SOVA based decoder to have lower hardware requirements as compared to the Max-Log-MAP as the the degree of parallelization required for a given data rate will be lower.
Decyl Gallate as a Possible Inhibitor of N-Glycosylation Process in Paracoccidioides lutzii

The available antifungal therapeutic arsenal is limited. The search for alternative drugs with fewer side effects and new targets remains a major challenge. Decyl gallate (G14) is a derivative of gallic acid with a range of biological activities and broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Previously, our group demonstrated the promising anti-Paracoccidioides activity of G14. ABSTRACT The available antifungal therapeutic arsenal is limited. The search for alternative drugs with fewer side effects and new targets remains a major challenge. Decyl gallate (G14) is a derivative of gallic acid with a range of biological activities and broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Previously, our group demonstrated the promising anti-Paracoccidioides activity of G14. In this work, to evaluate the antifungal characteristics of G14 for Paracoccidioides lutzii, a chemical-genetic interaction analysis was conducted on a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model. N-glycosylation and/or the unfolded protein response pathway was identified as a high-confidence process for drug target prediction. The overactivation of unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling was confirmed using this model with IRE1/ATF6/PERK genes tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). In P. lutzii, this prediction was confirmed by the low activity of glycosylated enzymes [α-(1,3)-glucanase, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAGase), and α-(1,4)-amylase], by hyperexpression of genes involved with the UPR and glycosylated enzymes, and by the reduction in the amounts of glycosylated proteins and chitin. All of these components are involved in fungal cell wall integrity and are dependent on the N-glycosylation process. This loss of integrity was confirmed by the reduction in mitochondrial activity, impaired budding, enhancement of wall permeability, and a decrease in viability. These events led to a reduction of the ability of fungi to adhere on human lung epithelial cells (A549) in vitro. Therefore, G14 may have an important role in balancing the inflammatory reaction caused by fungal infection, without interfering with the microbicidal activity of nitric oxide. This work provides new information on the activity of G14, a potential anti-Paracoccidioides compound.
Subgrouping patients with chronic low back pain: What are the differences in actual daily life behavior between patients classified as avoider or persister?

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to determine whether patients, classified by their treating consultant in rehabilitation medicine as avoider or persister, show differences in a large set of detailed outcomes of actual, objectively measured daily physical behaviour. METHODS In this explorative cross-sectional study, 16 patients were included; 9 patients were categorized as avoider and 7 patients as persister. Subjects wore the VitaMove activity monitor, a high-end accelerometry-based device that allowed automatic detection of a large set of body postures and motions. Physical behaviour was assessed in detail by total duration of body postures and motions as percentages of 24 hours, as well as by the number of sit-to-stand transfers, overall activity level, walking speed, and the distribution of bouts of physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Differences between groups were tested with the Mann Whitney U test. RESULTS There were no significant differences between groups in any of the physical behaviour outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that activity-related behavioural style categorization by consultants in rehabilitation medicine is not expressed in objectively measured detailed outcomes of daily physical behaviour.
1 5 A ug 2 01 9 Evolution of Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm — A Brief Literature

Ant Colony Optimzation (ACO) is a metaheuristic proposed by Marco Dorigo in 1991 based on behavior of biological ants. Pheromone laying and selection of shortest route with the help of pheromone inspired development of first ACO algorithm. Since, presentation of first such algorithm, many researchers have worked and published their research in this field. Though initial results were not so promising but recent developments have made this metaheuristic a significant algorithm in Swarm Intelligence. This research presents a brief overview of recent developments carried out in ACO algorithms in terms of both applications and algorithmic developments. For application developments, multi-objective optimization, continuous optimization and time-varying NP-hard problems have been presented. While to review articles based on algorithmic development, hybridization and parallel architectures have been investigated.
Damsels in distress: Oil exposure modifies behavior and olfaction in bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus).

In fishes, olfactory cues evoke behavioral responses that are crucial to survival; however, the receptors, olfactory sensory neurons, are directly exposed to the environment and are susceptible to damage from aquatic contaminants. In 2010, 4.9 million barrels of crude oil was released into the northern Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon disaster, exposing marine organisms to this environmental contaminant. We examined the ability of bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus) exposed to the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of crude oil to respond to chemical alarm cue (CAC) using a two-channel flume. Control bicolor damselfish avoided CAC in the flume choice test, whereas WAF-exposed conspecifics did not. This lack of avoidance persisted following eight days of control water conditions. We then examined the physiological response to CAC, brine shrimp rinse, bile salt, and amino acid cues using the electro-olfactogram (EOG) technique and found that WAF-exposed bicolor damselfish were less likely to detect CAC as an olfactory cue but showed no difference in EOG amplitude or duration compared to controls. These data indicate that a sub-lethal WAF exposure directly modifies detection and avoidance of CAC beyond the exposure period and may suggest reduced predator avoidance behavior in oil-exposed fish in the wild.
Twelfth International Congress on Sound and Vibration 3 D NUMERICAL MODEL OF SECONDARY STREAMING IN AN ACOUSTIC-RESONANCE TUBE REFRIGERATOR

Acoustic streaming accompanying oscillations of a gas in an acoustic-resonance tube refrigerator is considered. The effect of viscous losses within a stack on the form of acoustic streaming in a viscous heat conducting medium is investigated. A numerical model for streaming is suggested that includes terms derived from an analytical formulation of the acoustic fields. Accurate analytical interface conditions in the cross section separating stack and tube resonator are included.
Ocean Acidification and Coastal Marine Invertebrates: Tracking CO2 Effects from Seawater to the Cell.

In the last few decades, numerous studies have investigated the impacts of simulated ocean acidification on marine species and communities, particularly those inhabiting dynamic coastal systems. Despite these research efforts, there are many gaps in our understanding, particularly with respect to physiological mechanisms that lead to pathologies. In this review, we trace how carbonate system disturbances propagate from the coastal environment into marine invertebrates and highlight mechanistic links between these disturbances and organism function. We also point toward several processes related to basic invertebrate biology that are severely understudied and prevent an accurate understanding of how carbonate system dynamics influence organismic homeostasis and fitness-related traits. We recommend that significant research effort be directed to studying cellular phenotypes of invertebrates acclimated or adapted to elevated seawater pCO2 using biochemical and physiological methods. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Marine Science, Volume 12 is January 3, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
eplication and shedding kinetics of infectious hematopoietic ecrosis virus in juvenile rainbow trout ndrew

Viral replication and shedding are key components of transmission and fitness, the kinetics of which are heavily dependent on virus, host, and environmental factors. To date, no studies have quantified the shedding kinetics of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), or how they are associated with replication, making it difficult to ascertain the transmission dynamics of this pathogen of high agricultural and conservation importance. Here, the replication and shedding kinetics of two M genogroup IHNV genotypes were examined in their naturally co-evolved rainbow trout host. Within host virus replication began rapidly, approaching maximum values by day 3 post-infection, after which viral load was maintained or gradually dropped through day 7. Host innate immune response measured as stimulation of Mx-1 gene expression generally followed within host viral loads. Shedding also began very quickly and peaked within 2 days, defining a generally uniform early peak period of shedding from 1 to 4 days after exposure to virus. This was followed by a post-peak period where shedding declined, such that the majority of fish were no longer shedding by day 12 post-infection. Despite similar kinetics, the average shedding rate over the course of infection was significantly lower in mixed compared to single genotype infections, suggesting a competition effect, however, this did not significantly impact the total amount of virus shed. The data also indicated that the duration of shedding, rather than peak amount of virus shed, was correlated with fish mortality. Generally, the majority of virus produced during infection appeared to be shed into the environment rather than maintained in the host, although there was more retention of within host virus during the post-peak period. Viral virulence was correlated with shedding, such that the more virulent of the two genotypes shed more total virus. This fundamental understanding of IHNV shedding kinetics and variation at the individual fish level could assist with management decisions about how to respond to disease outbreaks when they occur. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Rigor and Reproducibility of Cytometry Practices for Immuno‐Oncology: A multifaceted challenge

The rapid advancement of immunotherapy strategies has created a need for technologies that can reliably and reproducibly identify rare populations, detect subtle changes in modulatory signals, and assess antigenic expression patterns that are time‐sensitive. Accomplishing these tasks requires careful planning and the employment of tools that provide greater sensitivity and specificity without demanding extensive time. Flow Cytometry has earned its place as a preferred analysis platform. This technology offers a flexible path to the interrogation of protein expression patterns and detection of functional properties in cell populations of interest. Mass Cytometry is a newcomer technology that has generated significant interest in the field. By incorporating mass spectrometry analysis to the traditional principles of flow cytometry, this innovative tool promises to significantly expand the ability to detect multiple proteins on a single cell. The use of these technologies in a manner that is consistent and reproducible through multiple sample sets demands careful attention to experiment design, reagent selection, and instrumentation. Whether applying flow or mass cytometry, reaching successful, reliable results involves many factors. Sample preparation, antibody titrations, and appropriate controls are major biological considerations that impact cytometric analysis. Additionally, instrument voltages, lasers, and run quality assessments are essential for ensuring comparability and reproducibility between analyses. In this article, we aim to discuss the critical aspects that impact flow cytometry, and will touch on important considerations for mass cytometry as well. Focusing on their relevance to immunotherapy studies, we will address the importance of appropriate sample processing and will discuss how selection of suitable panels, controls, and antibodies must follow a carefully designed plan. We will also comment on how educated use of instrumentation plays a significant role in the reliability and reproducibility of results.Through this work, we hope to contribute to the effort toward establishing higher standards for rigor and reproducibility of cytometry practices by researchers, operators, and general cytometry users employing cytometry‐based assays in their work. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
HYBRID PREVIEW CONTROL OF STRUCTURES UNDER EARTHQUAKE EXCITATIONS

Passive, active and hybrid vibration control of structures during earthquakes were studied. Particular attention was given to hybrid preview control strategy for protection of structures against earthquakes. A three-story building under fixed-base condition and with laminated rubber bearing base isolation system subject to the El Centro 1940 earthquake were analyzed. The cases that an active control system with and without preview was present were studied in details. The corresponding structural responses with passive, active and hybrid vibration control systems were evaluated. Accelerations and displacements responses for active systems with and without preview sensors for fixed-base and base-isolated structures were computed and the results were compared with those for the unprotected building. It was shown that properly designed passive, active and hybrid control systems could effectively reduce the acceleration transmitted to structures during a major earthquake. It was also shown that the inclusion of the preview sensors in the active control strategy improved the system performance considerably. The hybrid use of the laminated rubber bearing isolation system with the active control strategies could provide significant improvement of the protection of buildings during seismic events.
A Class of Model Selection Criteria Based on Cross-Validation Method ( Last Modified : January 13 , 2006 )

In this paper, we define a class of cross-validatory model selection criteria as an estimator of the predictive risk based on a discrepancy between a candidate model and the true model. For a vector of unknown parameters, n estimators are required for the definition of the class, where n is the sample size. The ith estimator (i = 1, . . . , n) is obtained by minimizing a weighted discrepancy function in which the ith observation has a weight of 1 − λ and others have weight of 1. Cross-validatory model selection criteria in the class are specified by the individual λ. The sample discrepancy function and the ordinary cross-validation (CV) criterion are special cases of the class. One may choose λ to minimize the biases. The Corresponding author. E-mail: yanagi@math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac. jp
Assessment of lower limb rotational profile and its correlation with the tibial tuberosity-trochlea groove distance: A radiological study

Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the lower limb rotational profile and tibial tuberosity-trochlea groove (TT-TG) distance. Design and patients: The computed tomography cross-sectional imaging on 50 patients’ lower limbs (100 limbs) was investigated at our institution. The TT-TG distance was measured along with rotational measurements including femoral version (FV), tibial torsion and knee joint rotation angle (KJRA). Patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 had a TT-TG ≥ 20 mm which was considered pathological and group 2 with a non-pathological TT-TG (≤19 mm). Rotational angles were compared between groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test and Mann–Whitney U analysis. Results and conclusions: Our results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the mean KJRA (p = 0.026) between the pathological (mean = 10.6, standard deviation (SD) = 7.79°) and the non-pathological TT-TG groups (mean = 6.99, SD = 5.06°). A higher mean value for FV and tibial torsion was also demonstrated in patients with a pathological TT-TG (18.2 vs. 13.7, 32.8 vs. 30.9, p > 0.05, respectively). In conclusion, there was a statistically significant higher mean value for the KJRA in patients with a pathological TT-TG. Hence, a lateralized tibial tubercle as demonstrated by an increase in the TT-TG distance may be associated with a coexisting lower limb rotational malalignment.
Parametric Verification and Synthesis based on Gaussian Processes

Parameter verification and synthesis problems for stochastic systems are still hard challenges. The tasks become even more prohibitive when the systems are large-scale and the verification/synthesis is respect the satisfaction of some linear temporal logic formulae. In this paper, we review a number of techniques that we designed to tackle such problems. The methods exploit the Gaussian Processes (GP) regression and an efficient Bayesian optimization algorithm.
On the characterisation of fragmented Bose–Einstein condensation and its emergent effective evolution

Fragmented Bose–Einstein condensates are large systems of identical bosons displaying multiple macroscopic occupations of one-body states, in a suitable sense. The quest for an effective dynamics of the fragmented condensate at the leading order in the number of particles, in analogy to the much more controlled scenario for complete condensation in one single state, is deceptive both because characterising fragmentation solely in terms of reduced density matrices is unsatisfactory and ambiguous, and because as soon as the time evolution starts the rank of the reduced marginals generically passes from finite to infinite, which is a signature of a transfer of occupations on infinitely many more one-body states. In this work we review these difficulties, we refine previous characterisations of fragmented condensates in terms of marginals, and we provide a quantitative rate of convergence to the leading effective dynamics in the double limit of infinitely many particles and infinite energy gap.
Chapter thirteen Growth and reproduction of the goldfish Carassius auratus : a case study from Italy

The goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus) is a scaly, high-bodied, laterally compressed fish; its mouth is small and terminal, without barbels. The dorsal fin is long with a slightly serrated third spine. This species is very similar to the crucian carp Carassius carassius (Linneaus), but is more elongated and has a slightly concave dorsal fin and slightly larger scales (Lelek 1987). There has been considerable confusion concerning the taxonomic status of C. auratus. Many authors have recognized two subspecies in its native range: C. a. auratus (goldfish, Chinese goldfish, or Asian goldfish) from Asia, and Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch (Prussian carp, gibele carp, or European goldfish) from Eastern Europe (Hanfling et al. 2005). Howells (1992, in Nico and Schofield 2006) reported that goldfish typically observed in the US waters are crucian carp goldfish hybrids. Goldfish commonly hybridises with the carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, giving rise to individuals that are intermediate in morphology between the two parent species. Recent studies have indicated Gherardi: Biological Invaders in Inland Waters ch13 Page Proof page 259 13.4. 2007 3:58pm Compositor Name: PDjeapradaban
Laboratory and Greenhouse Assays of Phosphate Solubilizing Rhizobacteria to Improve Growth of Falcataria moluccana Seedling

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play an important role as plant growth promoting, through phosphate solubilization and IAA hormone production. This study was aimed at screening P solubilizing bacteria from post-tin mining soils, and examining their activity in promoting Falcataria moluccana seedling growth. The methods include inorganic phosphate and organic phosphates solubilization characterization in solid and liquid media, and inoculation of PSB isolates into seeds of F. moluccana in laboratory and greenhouse assays. A total 11 isolates exhibited P solubilization (organic and inorganic phosphates) activity and IAA production. Highest inorganic phosphate solubilization was exhibited by Bacillus sp. strain P6 (9.749 μg/mL at 72 h). In addition, Enterobacter cloacae strain P2 and Bacillus sp. strain P6 produced highest seed vigor index (SVI) and seed germination, respectively. Inoculation of E. cloacae strain P2 to the seedlings of F. moluccana also increased dry weight (42.63 mg), enchanced P content of the seedling (2.26 mg/g) and available P (52.65 mg/g) in rhizosphere soil.
STATISTICAL CLASSIFICATION BASED ON A-RANK NEAREST NEIGHBOR RULE

We consider the problem of classifying an unknown observation into one of two populations based on the left and right λ-Rank Nearest Neighbor (&-RNN) rule. We derive the asymptotic error rate (i.e. total probability of misclassification (TPMC)) of the ¿-RNN rule, and show that as the number k increases, the limiting TPMC of the A-RNN rule decreases. We also observe that the asymptotic error rate of A-RNN is less than the asymptotic error rate of the conventional £-NN rule. We also obtain a sharper upper bound for the asymptotic risk of the ÂT-RNN rule. Finally, we propose an estimator of the asymptotic error rate of the Λ-RNN rule using a "deleted counting" method, and show that this estimator is asymptotically unbiased and consistent.