Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research of Intrusion Detection System on Android

In this paper, we proposed an intrusion detection system for detecting anomaly on Android smartphones. The intrusion detection system continuously monitors and collects the information of smartphone under normal conditions and attack state. It extracts various features obtained from the Android system, such as the network traffic of smartphones, battery consumption, CPU usage, the amount of running processes and so on. Then, it applies Bayes Classifying Algorithm to determine whether there is an invasion. In order to further analyze the Android system abnormalities and locate malicious software, along with system state monitoring the intrusion detection system monitors the process and network flow of the smartphone. Finally, experiments on the system which was designed in this paper have been carried out. Empirical results suggest that the proposed intrusion detection system is effective in detecting anomaly on Android smartphones.
Evaluating the efficacy of psycho-social interventions for informal carers of cancer patients: a systematic review of the research literature

Abstract Recognition that informal cancer carers experience unmet needs and psychological distress has led to the development of a range of psycho-social interventions. The efficacy of such interventions is examined through a systematic review of the research literature, following National Health and Medical Research Council and Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Of 13 level II randomised controlled trials (RCTs), only eight showed significant differences across groups, with moderate effect size. This included improvement in caregiver experience or appraisal of caregiving following psycho-education (two studies); improved sexual satisfaction, dyadic coping, relationship quality and communication, or reduced psychological distress, following couple counselling (4); reduced distress following family grief therapy (1); and reduction in distress in bereavement following home palliative care (1). Level III and IV studies were also reviewed, reporting positive effects of psycho-education (5), problem solving (3), an arts intervention (1) and a support group (1). However, methodological concerns limit the generalisability of findings of level III and IV studies. It is concluded that interventions should target those most in need of support; recognise specific needs of carers across cancer type and stage, gender and relationship context; be theory based; and evaluations should utilise RCT designs with outcome measures appropriate to the specific aims of the intervention, rather than global measures of distress.
Surface Treatment of Pure and PEG-4000 Blended Fibroin Films and their Characterizations as Matrices for in vitro Fibroblast Culture

This study reports the effects of treatment with various concentrations of organic solvents for varying time points on matrices of fibroin, a silk protein isolated from the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori, which in native form has been extensively used in tissue engineering. Treatment of pure fibroin as well as polyethylene glycol- blended films with 90% organic solvent for 60 min induces optimal surface hydrophobicity and maximum conversion of the secondary structure from random coil to β sheet. Long-term cell viability studies reveal that methanol and isopropanol-treated pure and blended films support cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability.
Use of ade1 and ade2 mutations for development of a versatile red/white colour assay of amyloid‐induced oxidative stress in saccharomyces cerevisiae

Mutations in adenine biosynthesis pathway genes ADE1 and ADE2 have been conventionally used to score for prion [PSI+] in yeast. If ade1‐14 mutant allele is present, which contains a premature stop codon, [psi−] yeast appear red on YPD medium owing to accumulation of a red intermediate compound in vacuoles. In [PSI+] yeast, partial inactivation of the translation termination factor, Sup35 protein, owing to its amyloid aggregation allows for read‐through of the ade1‐14 stop codon and the yeast appears white as the red intermediate pigment is not accumulated. The red colour development in ade1 and ade2 mutant yeast requires reduced‐glutathione, which helps in transport of the intermediate metabolite P‐ribosylaminoimidazole carboxylate into vacuoles, which develops the red colour. Here, we hypothesize that amyloid‐induced oxidative stress would deplete reduced‐glutathione levels and thus thwart the development of red colour in ade1 or ade2 yeast. Indeed, when we overexpressed amyloid‐forming human proteins TDP‐43, Aβ‐42 and Poly‐Gln‐103 and the yeast prion protein Rnq1, the otherwise red ade1 yeast yielded some white colonies. Further, the white colour eventually reverted back to red upon turning off the amyloid protein's expression. Also, the aggregate‐bearing yeast have increased oxidative stress and white phenotype yeast revert to red when grown on media with reducing agent. Furthermore, the red/white assay could also be emulated in ade2‐1, ade2Δ, and ade1Δ mutant yeast and also in an ade1‐14 mutant with erg6 gene deletion that increases cell‐wall permeability. This model would be useful tool for drug‐screening against general amyloid‐induced oxidative stress and toxicity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Free Bioverit ® II Implants Coated with a Nanoporous Silica Layer in a Mouse Ear Model — A Histological Study

The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability of a mouse middle ear model for testing ossicular replacement materials. Twenty-four BALB/c mice are implanted with the bioglass-ceramic Bioverit® II which is coated with a silica-nanostructure or with plain Bioverit® II as a control. After 2, 6, and 12 weeks, 4 mice per group are sacrificed and both complete petrous bones are analyzed histologically. All implants revealed in situ an incipient growth of thin connective tissue layers over the surface, followed by a spreading of epithelial cells. The osseogenic response which is increasing with time is more intense in the coated Bioverit ® II specimens. The absence of inflammatory cells suggests an excellent biocompatibility of the silica nano structure. As the results are comparable to a study with the same materials in rabbits, the mouse model described is highly suitable for evaluation of new ossicular replacement materials. Additionally, by gene expression analysis a more detailed insight into cellular interactions of the middle ear is offered.
CRISPR/Cpf1 enables fast and simple genome editing of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cpf1 represents a novel single RNA‐guided CRISPR/Cas endonuclease system suitable for genome editing with distinct features compared with Cas9. We demonstrate the functionality of three Cpf1 orthologues – Acidaminococcus spp. BV3L6 (AsCpf1), Lachnospiraceae bacterium ND2006 (LbCpf1) and Francisella novicida U112 (FnCpf1) – for genome editing of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These Cpf1‐based systems enable fast and reliable introduction of donor DNA on the genome using a two‐plasmid‐based editing approach together with linear donor DNA. LbCpf1 and FnCpf1 displayed editing efficiencies comparable with the CRISPR/Cas9 system, whereas AsCpf1 editing efficiency was lower. Further characterization showed that AsCpf1 and LbCpf1 displayed a preference for their cognate crRNA, while FnCpf1‐mediated editing with similar efficiencies was observed using non‐cognate crRNAs of AsCpf1 and LbCpf1. In addition, multiplex genome editing using a single LbCpf1 crRNA array is shown to be functional in yeast. This work demonstrates that Cpf1 broadens the genome editing toolbox available for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. © 2017 The Authors. Yeast published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saccharomyces interspecies hybrids as model organisms for studying yeast adaptation to stressful environments

The strong development of molecular biology techniques and next‐generation sequencing technologies in the last two decades has significantly improved our understanding of the evolutionary history of Saccharomyces yeasts. It has been shown that many strains isolated from man‐made environments are not pure genetic lines, but contain genetic materials from different species that substantially increase their genome complexity. A number of strains have been described as interspecies hybrids, implying different yeast species that under specific circumstances exchange and recombine their genomes. Such fusing usually results in a wide variety of alterations at the genetic and chromosomal levels. The observed changes have suggested a high genome plasticity and a significant role of interspecies hybridization in the adaptation of yeasts to environmental stresses and industrial processes. There is a high probability that harsh wine and beer fermentation environments, from which the majority of interspecies hybrids have been isolated so far, influence their selection and stabilization as well as their genomic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The lessons we have learned about geno‐ and phenotype plasticity and the diversity of natural and commercial yeast hybrids have already had a strong impact on the development of artificial hybrids that can be successfully used in the fermentation‐based food and beverage industry. The creation of artificial hybrids through the crossing of strains with desired attributes is a possibility to obtain a vast variety of new, but not genetically modified yeasts with a range of improved and beneficial traits. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae × Saccharomyces uvarum hybrids generated under different conditions share similar winemaking features

Interspecific hybrids among species in the Saccharomyces genus are frequently detected in anthropic habitats and can also be obtained easily in the laboratory. This occurs because the most important genetic barriers among Saccharomyces species are post‐zygotic. Depending on several factors, including the involved strains, the hybridization mechanism and stabilization conditions, hybrids that bear differential genomic constitutions, and hence phenotypic variability, can be obtained. In the present study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae × Saccharomyces uvarum hybrids were constructed using genetically and physiologically different S. uvarum parents at distinct temperatures (13 and 20°C). The effect of those variables on the main oenological features of the wines obtained with these hybrids was evaluated. Hybrids were successfully obtained in all cases. However, genetic stabilization based on successive fermentations in white wine at 13°C was significantly longer than that at 20°C. Our results demonstrated that, irrespective of the S. uvarum parent and temperature used for hybrid generation and stabilization, similar physicochemical and aromatic features were found in wines. The hybrids generated herein were characterized by low ethanol production, high glycerol synthesis and the capacity to grow at low temperature and to produce malic acid with particular aroma profiles. These features make these hybrids useful for the new winemaking industry within the climate change era frame. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current drugs and medical treatment algorithms in the management of acute decompensated heart failure

Background: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with increased hospitalization rates and high in-hospital mortality, and has emerged as a major public health problem over the past decade. In recent years, several new drugs and therapeutic approaches have failed to reduce short- and long-term morbidity and mortality in ADHF patients. New agents and strategies are under investigation in order to effectively reduce the mortality and morbidity in these patients. Objective: To review the recent experimental and clinical evidence on existing therapeutic algorithms and investigational drugs used for the treatment of ADHF. Methods: A systematic search of peer-reviewed publications was performed on Medline and EMBASE from January 1995 to January 2009. The results of unpublished trials were obtained from presentations at national and international meetings. Results: Renal dysfunction and low systolic blood pressure (SBP) remain the main predictors of adverse clinical outcomes in ADHF patients. Thus, therapy should be tailored according to the level of SBP at admission, renal function and fluid retention. ADHF due to hypertensive disease should be treated with intravenous vasodilators and diuretics at low doses, while patients with low output syndrome need mainly inotropic support. However, few agents currently employed in the treatment of ADHF have been shown in large prospective randomized clinical trials to improve clinical outcomes. The calcium sensitizer levosimendan is superior than traditional inotropes in improving central hemodynamics and neurohormonal response in ADHF patients, without increasing their long-term survival. Vasopressin antagonists also seem to be promising and safe drugs in the treatment of ADHF patients, facilitating diuresis on top of standard-care therapy. Encouraging novel therapies include adenosine receptor antagonists, ularitide, istaroxime, cardiac myosin activators and relaxin. Conclusions: Clinical scenarios based on SBP are essential determinants of therapeutic approaches used for the management of ADHF. Traditional drugs (diuretics, dobutamine and milrinone) have several limitations in real clinical practice, and increase mortality rates. Investigational drugs targeting to novel pathophysiologic concepts are promising treatment approaches and ongoing trials will define their clinical efficacy and safety.
Value of Non-Invasive Fetal Monitoring Techniques in Detection of Fetal Metabolic Acidemia at Birth

Abstract Objective. Purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of fetal pulse oximetry (FPO) and STanalysis of the fetal ECG (STAN) in prediction of fetal acidemia at birth. Methods. A prospective clinical study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovakia. In total, 63 out of 70 women with non-reassuring CTG patterns in labour were enrolled. Fetal surveillance during the labour continued with simultaneous CTG plus FPO and STAN monitoring. A receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was performed to ascertain diagnostic accuracy of individual methods. Results. The study confirmed FPO has a significant ability to detect fetal acidemia at birth (UA-pH ≤ 7.2). The optimum diagnostic cut-off value of SpO2 was 33%, with FPO’s diagnostic sensitivity 60%, and specificity 85.2%. The diagnostic accuracies of STAN + CTG and CTG alone were inferior to that of FPO. Conclusions. FPO has an ability to predict fetal birth acidemia (UA-pH ≤ 7.2), and its diagnostic accuracy is superior to STAN + CTG, or CTG alone monitoring. Condensation.FPO has ability to predict fetal birth acidemia (UA - pH≤7.2), and its diagnostic accuracy is superior to STAN + CTG, or CTG alone monitoring.
A critical time window for dopamine actions on the structural plasticity of dendritic spines

Animal behavior follows rewards Animal behavior is learned and reinforced by rewards. On a molecular level, the reward comes in the form of the neurotransmitter, dopamine, which modulates synapses. The exact timing and mechanism of this process remain unknown. Using optical stimulation, Yagishita et al. found that dopaminergic modulation involved dendritic spine enlargement only during an extremely narrow time window. Known as reinforcement plasticity, this cellular basis for learning could provide insight into psychiatric disorders involving dopaminergic regulation, such as depression, drug addiction, and schizophrenia. Science, this issue p. 1616 Dopamine promotes spine structural plasticity during a narrow time window in mouse neuron distal dendrites. Animal behaviors are reinforced by subsequent rewards following within a narrow time window. Such reward signals are primarily coded by dopamine, which modulates the synaptic connections of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. The mechanisms of the narrow timing detection, however, remain unknown. Here, we optically stimulated dopaminergic and glutamatergic inputs separately and found that dopamine promoted spine enlargement only during a narrow time window (0.3 to 2 seconds) after the glutamatergic inputs. The temporal contingency was detected by rapid regulation of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate in thin distal dendrites, in which protein-kinase A was activated only within the time window because of a high phosphodiesterase activity. Thus, we describe a molecular basis of reinforcement plasticity at the level of single dendritic spines.
Transforming static data structures to dynamic structures

In this paper we will investigate transformations that serve as tools in the design of new data structures. Specifically, we study general methods for converting static structures (in which all elements are known before any searches are performed) to dynamic structures (in which the insertion of a new element can be mixed with searches). We will see three classes of such transformations (each based on a different counting scheme for representing the integers) and then use a combinatorial model to show the optimality of many of the transformations. Issues such as online data structures and deletion of elements are also examined. To demonstrate the applicability of these tools, we will study six new data structures that have been developed by applying the transformations.
A fast approximation for minimum spanning trees in k-dimensional space

We study the problem of finding a minimum spanning tree on the complete graph on n points in Ek, with the weight of an edge between any two points being the distance between the two points under some distance metric. A fast algorithm, which finds an approximate minimum spanning tree with weight at most (1+ϵ) times optimal O(nlogn((logn)k + log (ϵ-1)(logn)k-1ϵ-(k-1))) time, is developed for the Lq, q =2,3, . , distance metrics. Moreover, if the n points are assumed to be independently and uniformly distributed in the box [0,l]k, then the probability that the approximate minimum spanning tree found is an exact minimum spanning tree is shown to be (1 -o(l/n)).
A 2.7GHz 3.9mW Mesh-BJT LC-VCO with −204dBc/Hz FOM in 65nm CMOS

Standards with narrow channel spacing have stringent requirements for in-band phase noise of oscillator, which is dominated by up-converted flicker noise. In this paper, we propose a LC-tank voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) that utilizes novel Mesh-BJT structure to suppress in-band phase-noise while maintaining low power consumption. The proposed 2.7GHz LC-VCO consumes 3.9mW from a 1.5V supply and the figures of merit (FOM) at 10KHz and 100KHz offsets are -222dBc/Hz and -204dBc/Hz in 65nm CMOS. The Mesh-BJT is compatible with standard CMOS and no extra masks are required. To our best knowledge, this is the best FOM ever reported at low offsets (<;100KHz) for VCO in standard CMOS.
Algebraic cell decomposition in NC

We give an algorithm to construct a cell decomposition of Rd, including adjacency information, defined by any given set of rational polynomials in d variables. The algorithm runs in single exponential parallel time, and in NC for fixed d. The algorithm extends a recent algorithm of Ben-Or, Kozen, and Reif for deciding the theory of real closed fields.
A low-power highly multiplexed parallel PRBS generator

For high data rates, pseudo-random bit sequence (PRBS) patterns must be generated in parallel and then multiplexed. This paper introduces a design that reduces the number of XORs and DFFs to lower power dissipation and area. The maximum fan-out can be further constrained to improve gate delay and hence improve the output data rate. The procedure for applying the design to arbitrary PRBS lengths is provided and the design is suitable for standard-cell design flow. The design achieves 1.7-Gb/s data rate with 64-way multiplexing to support an output bandwidth of >;100 Gb/s. The design is implemented in an 65-nm technology using 0.007 mm2 area and dissipating 0.16 mW of power.
Topographical and chemical effects of electrochemically assisted deposited hydroxyapatite coatings on osteoblast-like cells

A recently commercialised hydroxyapatite electrochemically assisted chemical deposition technique (BoneMaster) has been shown to induce increased bone apposition; whether this response is caused by the surface topography or chemistry is unknown. An in-vitro examination using human osteoblast-like cells was performed on a series of BoneMaster-coated surfaces. The chemistry was separated from the topography using a thin gold coating; Thermanox coverslips were used as a control. BoneMaster surfaces showed significantly greater alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin production compared with controls; however, no difference was found between the gold-coated and uncoated BoneMaster samples, indicating topography is the main contributing factor.
Chromatin state dynamics during blood formation

Opening and closing blood enhancers As cells develop and differentiate into different types, the shape and accessibility of their DNA can change. Lara-Astiaso et al. studied this phenomenon in blood. They developed a technique that examines a relatively small number of cells to identify the changes that affect DNA during blood development. They found that the DNA of noncoding regions, called enhancers, is set in an open position when cells are undifferentiated and able to take on a variety of roles and gradually closes as cells mature into their final forms. Science, this issue p. 943 A chromatin precipitation technique identifies changes during the differentiation of blood cells. Chromatin modifications are crucial for development, yet little is known about their dynamics during differentiation. Hematopoiesis provides a well-defined model to study chromatin state dynamics; however, technical limitations impede profiling of homogeneous differentiation intermediates. We developed a high-sensitivity indexing-first chromatin immunoprecipitation approach to profile the dynamics of four chromatin modifications across 16 stages of hematopoietic differentiation. We identify 48,415 enhancer regions and characterize their dynamics. We find that lineage commitment involves de novo establishment of 17,035 lineage-specific enhancers. These enhancer repertoire expansions foreshadow transcriptional programs in differentiated cells. Combining our enhancer catalog with gene expression profiles, we elucidate the transcription factor network controlling chromatin dynamics and lineage specification in hematopoiesis. Together, our results provide a comprehensive model of chromatin dynamics during development.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Internet Usage a Function of Demographic Factors: The Case of a Nigerian College of Education

With the overreaching acceptance of ICT in education and access to Internet occasioned by advancement in technology, this paper investigates pre-service teachers’ use of Internet in a college of education. The study was a descriptive survey. Data was collected using a researcher designed instrument tagged “Student Internet Use Scale” (SIUS). The population comprised of all NCE pre-service teachers in Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri Nigeria. Findings show that mobile phones remains the most widely used mode of internet access with social networking, searching for information on school assignments, chatting forming the major reasons why they surf the net. Social networking is the major purpose for Internet use by female pre-service teachers while school related activities are of priority to males. The difference in purpose of internet use according to gender is however not statistically significant; similarly, there is no statically significant difference between male and female pre-service teachers in the frequency of Internet usage. The result has far reaching implication for provision and use of Internet facilities to enhance teaching and learning in the College and colleges of education in Nigeria.