Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Search-Based Test Data Generation Method for Concurrent Programs

Concurrentprogramsarebeingwidelyadoptedindevelopmentofmulti-coreandmany-coreprocessors.However,thesetypesof programspresentsomefeaturessuchasconcurrency,communicationandsynchronizationwhichmaketheirtestingmorechal-lenging than sequential programs. Search-based techniques, which use meta-heuristic search algorithms, have frequently been used for testing sequential programs, especially in the test data generation activity. However, application of search-based techniques in test data generation for concurrent programs has seldom been covered in the literature. The first contribution of this paperistopresentasearch-basedtestdatagenerationframeworkforconcurrentprograms.Additionally,ahybridmeta-heuristicalgorithm,calledSFLA-VND,isproposed,whichcouldbeusedinthementionedframeworkaswellasothermeta-heuristic algorithms.SFLA-VNDisacombinationoftheshuffledfrogleapingalgorithm(SFLA)andthevariableneighborhooddescent(VND). Theproposedframeworkhasbeenexperimentedonfiveconcurrentbenchmarkprogramsbyapplyinggeneticalgo-rithm(GA),antcolonyoptimization(ACO),particleswarmoptimization(PSO),SFLAandSFLA-VND.Experimentalresults demonstratetheeffectivenessandefficiencyofthisframework.Also,theresultsconfirmthesuperiorityofSFLA-VNDincom-parisonwithsomepopularmeta-heuristicalgorithms,whentheyareusedfortestdatageneration.
CD5 and CD6 as immunoregulatory biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer

Background The study of immune surveillance in the tumour microenvironment is leading to the development of new biomarkers and therapies. The present research focuses on the expression of CD5 and CD6—two lymphocyte surface markers involved in the fine tuning of TCR signaling—as potential prognostic biomarkers in resectable stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods CD5 and CD6 gene expression was analysed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) in 186 paired fresh frozen tumour and normal tissue samples of resected NSCLC. Results Patients with higher CD5 expression had significantly increased overall survival (OS, 49.63 vs. 99.90 months, P=0.013). CD5 expression levels were correlated to CD4 infiltration and expression levels, and survival analysis showed that patients with a higher CD5/CD4+ ratio had significantly improved prognosis. Multivariate analysis established CD5 expression as an independent prognostic biomarker for OS in early stages of NSCLC (HR=0.554; 95% CI, 0.360–0.853; P=0.007). Further survival analysis of NSCLC cases (n=97) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, confirmed the prognostic value of both CD5 and CD6 expression¸ although CD6 expression alone did not reach significant prognostic value in our NSCLC training cohort. Conclusions Our data support further studies on CD5 and CD6 as novel prognostic markers in resectable NSCLC and other cancer types (i.e., melanoma), as well as a role for these receptors in immune surveillance.
US Dollar denominated bond issuers and the effects of the increase in federal interest rates: evidence from emerging market companies

We use the increase on federal interest rates that started in the end of 2015 to study the effect of externalinterest rates changes on emerging market companies. We use the outstanding US Dollar denominated debt of companies as an identification strategy to determine the companies that were more susceptible to changes on US interest rates. To do this a Difference-in-Differenceanalysis, an event study methodology, and a matching estimator approach were used. The findings of this research indicate that companies in emerging markets reduce investment spending after the increase of federal interest rates. This reduction is stronger for companies with US Dollardenominated debt, that significantly decreased investment spending around 4percent more than the othercompanies.We also analyzed the impact that thesechanges had on the short and long run performance of companies. We concluded that in the short run,performance (measured by stock returns)of companies with outstanding US Dollar denominated debt, decreasedbetween 0.5 and almost 2 percent after the announcements of the interest rate increases.This result is significant around one of the two events conducted. We were unable to conclude on the effects of federal interest rate increaseson long run performanceof companies (measured as accounting profitability). This research shedslight on the consequences that increasing the interest rates in a strong economy have in companies of emerging market economies. Even though these economies have been growing fast in the past years, these are also vulnerable to external changes, and it is important to keep this effectunder consideration when changing monetary policy in advanced economies due to spillover effects and negative consequenceson EMEs.
Interactive effects of salinity, light and temperature on seed germination of sand dunes glycophyte Cyprus conglomeratus growing in the United Arab Emirates deserts

Summary Cyperus conglomeratus is one of the most dominant evergreen plants on the unstable desert sand dunes of the Arabian Gulf region. This study assessed the effects of salinity, temperature and light of incubation, and their interactions on final germination, germination rate and recovery germination of this glycophytic sedge in the UAE deserts. The optimum germination for the non-saline treated seeds was in light and at 30/40°C. Germination in light was significantly greater than in darkness at higher temperatures, but did not differ at lower temperatures. Seeds of C. conglomeratus were very sensitive to salinity. Salinity tolerance depended on both light and temperature of incubation. Salinity tolerance at higher salinity levels was greatest at both higher temperatures and darkness. Germination in light was significantly reduced in 25 mM NaCl and almost inhibited in 50 – 100 mM NaCl, but dark germination either significantly increased or was not affected, especially at higher temperatures. No seeds recovered their germination after transfer from saline solutions to distilled water when placed at the lower temperatures, but recovery was observed at higher temperatures. The results are discussed in the light of the adaptive significance of germination behaviour for
Internet Penetration and Regional Financial Development in China: Empirical Evidence Based on Chinese Provincial Panel Data

The Internet has revolutionized the patterns of financial development and economic growth. To assess the impacts of internet penetration on the financial industry, this paper analyzed ten-year Chinese provincial panel data and concluded that regional Internet penetration accelerates financial development. Furthermore, the efficiency of Internet investment in underdeveloped provinces is better than that in developed provinces. More meaningfully, Internet penetration promotes the transparency of the securities market and regional financial participation. This indicates that Internet technology facilitates the advancement of the finance industry and the securities market.
Effect of Degree of Hydrolysis and Protease Type on the Antioxidant Activity of Protein Hydrolysates From Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) By-Products

We have investigated the antioxidant activities of eight hydrolysates from cuttlefish by-products obtained by treatment with various gastrointestinal proteases (chymotrypsin, trypsin, and crude alkaline enzyme extracts from cuttlefish and sardinelle) and bacterial proteases (Alcalase and crude enzymes from Bacillus pumilus A1, Bacillus mojavensis A21, and Bacillus cereus BG1). The antioxidant activities of the cuttlefish by-products protein hydrolysates (CPHs) were evaluated using various in vitro antioxidant assays, such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity, reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity. All hydrolysates showed different degrees of hydrolysis (DH) and varying degrees of antioxidant activity. Among the different hydrolysates, cuttlefish crude enzyme hydrolysate exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, followed by sardinelle crude enzyme and Alcalase hydrolysates. Further, CPHs with different degrees of hydrolysis were prepared by treatment with proteolytic enzymes from cuttlefish, sardinelle, and B. mojavensis A21. All hydrolysates showed a greater antioxidative activity as indicated by all the methods considered. In addition, antioxidant activity in hydrolysates was positively correlated with the increase of DH. The results of this study indicated that CPHs might be a good candidate for further investigation in developing new antioxidants.
Redefining the Use of Sustainable Development Goals at the Organisation and Project Levels—A Survey of Engineers

The United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to deliver an improved future for people, planet and profit. However, they have not gained the required traction at the business and project levels. This article explores how engineers rate and use the SDGs at the organisational and project levels. It adopts the Realist Evaluation’s Context–Mechanism–Outcomes model to critically evaluate practitioners’ views on using SDGs to measure business and project success. The study addresses the thematic areas of sustainability and business models through the theoretical lens of Creating Shared Value and the Triple Bottom Line. A survey of 325 engineers indicated four primary shortfalls for measuring SDGs on infrastructure projects, namely (1) leadership, (2) tools and methods, (3) engineers’ business skills in measuring SDG impact and (4) how project success is too narrowly defined as outputs (such as time, cost and scope) and not outcomes (longer-term local impacts and stakeholder value). The research study is of value to researchers developing business models that address the SDGs and also practitioners in the construction industry who seek to link their investment decisions to the broader outcomes of people, planet and profit through the UN SDGs.
What Age Is in a Name?

Social scientists often describe fictional people in survey stimuli using first names. However, which name a researcher chooses may elicit nonrandom impressions, which could confound results. Although past research has examined how names signal race and class, very little has examined whether names signal age, which is a highly salient status characteristic involved in person construal. I test the perceived demographics of 228 American names. I find that most strongly signal age, with older-sounding names much more likely to be perceived as white than as black. Furthermore, participants' perceptions of the age of a name poorly match with the true average birth year of people with that name, suggesting that researchers cannot simply use birth records as a proxy for perceived age. To assist researchers in name selection, I provide a set of candidate names that strongly signal a matrix of combined age, race, and gender categories.
Interaction and collaboration in robot-assisted language learning for adults

Abstract This article analyses how robot–learner interaction in robot-assisted language learning (RALL) is influenced by the interaction behaviour of the robot. Since the robot behaviour is to a large extent determined by the combination of teaching strategy, robot role and robot type, previous studies in RALL are first summarised with respect to which combinations that have been chosen, the rationale behind the choice and the effects on interaction and learning. The goal of the summary is to determine a suitable pedagogical set-up for RALL with adult learners, since previous RALL studies have almost exclusively been performed with children and youths. A user study in which 33 adult second language learners practice Swedish in three-party conversations with an anthropomorphic robot head is then presented. It is demonstrated how different robot interaction behaviours influence interaction between the robot and the learners and between the two learners. Through an analysis of learner interaction, collaboration and learner ratings for the different robot behaviours, it is observed that the learners were most positive towards the robot behaviour that focused on interviewing one learner at the time (highest average ratings), but that they were the most active in sessions when the robot encouraged learner–learner interaction. Moreover, the preferences and activity differed between learner pairs, depending on, e.g., their proficiency level and how well they knew the peer. It is therefore concluded that the robot behaviour needs to adapt to such factors. In addition, collaboration with the peer played an important part in conversation practice sessions to deal with linguistic difficulties or communication problems with the robot.
Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in Emergency Medicine Residents

Occupational Burnout in the Medical Profession In recent years, there has been increased concern regarding physician wellbeing given that multiple studies have identified that American physicians suffer from high rates of occupational burnout [1-4]. In addition to increasing the risk of turnover, psychiatric conditions, and suicidality for physicians, burnout also results in reduced efficiency and quality of care [5-10]. Due to the unique demands of the emergency department’s clinical environment, emergency medicine (EM) physicians appear to be at even greater risk of burnout. Peckman and Shanafelt et al. both found that over half (59% and 70%, respectively) of EM physicians reported feeling burned out [3-4]. Shanafelt et al., in particular, found that EM physicians reported the highest rates of burnout among the medical sub-specialties they surveyed [3]. Occupational burnout does not begin when a trainee becomes a practicing physician. Studies have found high rates of burnout in medical students, fellows, pediatric residents, surgical residents, radiology residents, neurosurgery residents, and emergency medicine residents [1, 11-14]. Similar to their attending counterparts, EM residents tend to suffer from higher rates of burnout compared to residents in other sub-specialties [2]. Understandably, researchers have begun trying to understand the risk and protective factors that influence burnout. In particular, several studies have identified possible demographic (e.g. gender, age/postgraduate training year [PGY]), personality (e.g. neuroticism), and institutional (e.g. hostile vs supportive mentorship) factors that influence burnout [15-21]. Such research has the potential to identify the trainees most likely to suffer from burnout and to identify targets of burnout interventions.
Utilization of a Community-based Participatory Approach to Design and Implement a Peer-led Parenting Pilot Intervention to Influence Child Nutritional and Physical Activity Behaviors

Parents and primary child guardians within the household play critical roles in shaping their children’s nutritional and physical activity behaviors, which are among the individual-level determinants of childhood obesity and other chronic conditions. There are well-established correlations between race, socioeconomic status and the risk for obesity calling for both contextuallyand individual-centered interventions that are community-driven. The Using Quality Parenting (UQP) pilot intervention was a peer-led, parenting education intervention developed in collaboration with community residents in Atlanta, Georgia to influence child nutritional and physical activity behaviors in African American low socioeconomic status communities. A community-based participatory research (CBPR) framework was used to conduct a mixed-methods needs assessment designed to the UQP curriculum. The UQP program targeted parents of children ages 6-14. The overarching aim was to increase quality parenting and address community identified child obesity disparities and inequities in early and middle childhood. The topics pertaining to parenting to children’s health/well-being addressed by the UQP included nutrition, physical activity, socio-emotional development, positive parenting, coping skills, child advocacy, and community development. Analyses were conducted using PSAW 18 statistical software. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies, means, standard deviations, and ranges for the individual survey items were conducted. A t-test was performed comparing preand post-program participation. A repeated measure analysis of variance was conducted on the items that demonstrated a significant t-test. The analytic sample was composed of 46 African American parents, with over 50% of the sample earning an annual household income of $25,000 or less. Participating parents reported significantly higher levels of water consumption for their children post-program in comparison to pre-test reports (p = .010). Additionally, based on t-test analyses, parents reported that their children consumed significantly higher levels of proteins, grains, fruits and vegetables at each meal, post-program (p=0.03). These findings highlight the potential efficacy of community-informed, parent-led interventions in improving health disparities and related outcomes for children.
Evaluation of Signal Features used for Impact Localization on a Center Console with Piezoceramic Sensors

Smart components are increasingly of interest in research and industry due to their wide range of applications. An example of this is a current project of the Federal Excellence Cluster MERGE, which is concerned with the development of a center console that serves as a control element in an automobile and is executing actions by touching it. In order to facilitate this functionality, it is necessary to evaluate the electrical signals generated by piezoceramic sensors regarding to the localization of the impact. In this respect, various signal features are investigated for their suitability using a support vector machine. The results show that an impact localization can be realized by the energetic consideration of the signals but has limitations in the practical usability. Keywords—impact localization, piezoceramic sensors, centre console, support vector machine, MERGE.
Effect of Different Concentrations of Chitosan as Final Irrigating Solution on Smear Layer Removal and Calcium Ions Concentration

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of chitosan as final rinse on removing smear layer using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and to quantify the calcium content using energy dispersive X-ray microanalyzer (EDX). Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted human single rooted premolars were selected and instrumented with Revo-S Ni-Ti rotary files. Samples were divided into 4 experimental groups according to the final rinse used and control group (10 samples each) where group I,II,II,IV were irrigated with 0.2%,1%,2%chitosan and EDTA respectively ,Group V (Control group): Va (5 samples) irrigated with sterile saline. Vb (5 samples) not prepared or received any treatment. Samples were grooved and spilt longitudinally and smear layer were evaluated using (SEM) at (coronal, middle and apical) levels and calcium content of intraradicular dentin was measured using (EDX) at middle level. Results: Regarding smear layer removal, at the coronal level, there was a statistically significant difference among the tested groups and the control group in the mean scores of smear layer, however, there was no statistical significant difference among the tested groups in the mean scores of smear layer . At the middle and apical thirds, the lowest mean score of smear layer was recorded in specimens treated with 2% chitosan with a statistical significant difference from specimens treated with 0.2% chitosan. However, there was no statistical significant difference in the mean smear layer scores among 1% chitosan, 2% chitosan and 17% EDTA. Concerning calcium ion concentration there was no statistical significant difference among the tested groups. Conclusions: Chitosan was capable of adequately removing smear layer from intraradicular dentin when used as final rinse. The concentration of chitosan is influential in smear layer removal from intraradicular dentin, being more effective when used in 1% and 2% concentrations. Different concentrations of chitosan did not affect the calcium content of intraradicular dentin.
New strategies for optimized structural monitoring of wind farms: experimental campaign

Abstract. The main goal of the recently started WindFarmSHM research project is the development, validation and optimization of monitoring strategies to be applied at the level of the wind farm. These strategies should be able to evaluate the structural condition of a set of wind turbines and their consumed fatigue life using the response to operation loads. In this context, a quite extensive experimental campaign is being performed at the Tocha wind farm, an onshore wind farm located in Portugal, which includes the simultaneous instrumentation of several wind turbines, adopting strain gauges, clinometers and accelerometers distributed in the tower and blades. This paper introduces the Tocha wind farm, presents the different layouts adopted in the instrumentation of the wind turbines and shows some initial results from the already fully instrumented wind turbine. At this preliminary stage, the capabilities of the very extensive monitoring layout are demonstrated. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the ability of the different monitoring components to track the modal parameters of the system composed of a tower and rotor and to characterize the internal loads at the tower base and blade roots.
Is there any place for immune-checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment algorithm of fusion-driven non-small cell lung cancer?—a literature review

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) axis, produced a paradigm change of the treatment algorithm for metastatic, non-oncogene addicted, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the majority of patients with oncogene-addicted disease have been excluded from the “immunotherapy revolution”, thus the clinical efficacy of these agents in this subset of patients remains largely unknown. Although pre-clinical evidence provided a good rationale to pursue the investigation of ICI treatment in specific subgroups of oncogene-addicted NSCLC, current available evidence suggested that tumors harboring molecular alterations likely do not represent the best candidate to single agent ICI therapy. Furthermore, the prospect of further improving overall survival (OS) with the combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and ICIs led to unexpected poor results and safety issues in recent phase I trials exploring different therapeutic associations. Conversely, the combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy is emerging as a potential effective strategy in specific subsets of NSCLC patients harboring oncogenic drivers. In this review we particularly focus on the subgroup of patients whose disease harbor oncogenic rearrangements, summarizing current evidence from preclinical and clinical studies and discussing their practical implications, in order to define the potential role of ICIs in the clinical management of fusion-driven NSCLC.
COORDINATES CALCULATION OF DETECTED AND RECOGNIZED OBJECTS IN SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS

The detection and recognition of objects in images has found a wide application in many spheres. It is used in the surveillance system, cartography, robotics, medicine, etc. In many surveillance systems the localization of the detected object has a great significance. After localizing the object, it will be possible to carry out the calculation of its coordinates. The formulas for calculating the object-camera distance are rather theoretical. Conducting experiments and verifying formulas in practice would have a high significance, as the distance of the object from camera is an essential precondition for object’s coordinate calculation.