Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Searching and describing human motion

The amount of media being uploaded to the Internet is growing at an incredible rate. As an illustration, approximately 75 hours of video are uploaded to Youtube each minute, where approximately 30% of the videos contain human motion such as sport or music video. Consequently, new techniques and methods to search and describe contents related to human motion are sorely needed, since current search techniques mainly depend on user-supplied tags, which are often ambiguous and subjective when those tags are used to describe human motion. For example, a video containing “John Doe running and jumping into a lake” can be tagged as “John Doe”, “ lake”, “running and jumping”, “funny video”, etc. Being able to search for a specific motion has many applications. For example, searching for a specific movement in a sport in order to improve a person’s sporting performance by comparing to that of a professional athlete’s using automatically extracted movement features (such as a famous golfer’s swing, a famous tennis player’s forehand, etc.). This scenario will be possible if a method to objectively describe human motion existed. Searching human motion would be as natural as recording a motion and using it as yet another search term without having to think about the subjectivity of user-supplied tags and how someone else would “describe” that motion. To achieve this, three things are required: a new multimedia communication format (since currently popular search techniques predominantly use simple text terms), a new human motion description language (since an objective and consistent method to describe human motion is also required), and feature extraction and matching technique for human motion search applications. To communicate advanced multimedia queries, Multimedia Query Format (MQF) is presented in this thesis. MQF is a communication format for a structured multimedia search that goes beyond current text-based search currently in popular use. Instead of restricting itself to one particular multimedia description format, MQF was designed to allow the use of any number of current or future description standards, with advanced features for search such as logical operators, query-by-example, extensibility, and simplicity. MQF is also shown to work well with Fragment Request Unit (FRU) and Fragment Update Unit (FUU), which are MPEG standards
Snakes Based Analysis of Ocular Fatigue

Active Contours are applied to track eye blinking in order to identify fatigue or som-nolence in car drivers. Fatigue detection is based in blinking frequency: long time with the eyes closed and slow or non-uniform blinking frequency indicates sleepiness. We use snakes to track speci(cid:12)c facial features, like the eyebrows, the eyelids and the iris and to estimate relative position between them for detecting eye opening and closing. Di(cid:11)erent lightning conditions and changes in projected shadows are robustly solved by the combined use of preprocessing and tracking.
A study of the interlinking between Asia-Pacific University Web sites

An investigation into the pattern of international interlinking between Asia-Pacific university web sites is described. AltaVista advanced searches were used for the data collection and network diagrams used to portray the results from four perspectives. It was found that each of the four angles allowed novel interpretations of the data, but that Australia and Japan were nevertheless clearly at the heart of the Web in the region, with Australia being a particularly common target of links and Japan having a more balanced profile of ingoing and outgoing hyperlinks. Interestingly, one of the perspectives mimicked an official grouping of less wealthy countries in the region whilst another contained the more developed countries, with Singapore and Thailand appearing in both. It was hypothesised that the nature of larger web sites covered was qualitatively different from that of smaller ones, making the deduction of relationships between the hosting institutions difficult from the link counts alone.
Graphs and Grammars for Histology: An Introduction.

The invention of the microscope disclosed a whole new world, that of the hitherto invisibly small. Histologic evidence as revealed by the microscope has become a cornerstone of medical diagnosis, and efforts are now being made to lay foundations so that the medical visual information processing burden can be alleviated significantly by cost-effective automation. This paper lays image processing foundations by presenting a graph-theoretic and syntactic model for the analysis of histologic patterns, and presents results to date.
The cedar programming environment: a midterm report and examination

This collection of papers comprises a report on Cedar, a state-of-the-art programming system. Cedar combines in a single integrated environment: high-quality graphics, a sophisticated editor and document preparation facility, and a variety of tools for the programmer to use in the construction and debugging of his programs. The Cedar Programming Language is a strongly-typed, compiler-oriented language of the Pascal family. What is especially interesting about the Ce~ar project is that it is one of the few examples where an interactive, experimental programming environment has been built for this kind of language. In the past, such environments have been confined to dynamically typed languages like Lisp and Smalltalk. The first paper, "The Roots of Cedar," describes the conditions in 1978 in the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center's Computer Science Laboratory that led us to embark on the Cedar project and helped to define its objectives and goals. Important decisions had to be made about what facilities and features were essential versus simply desirable, both with regard to the programming language as well as tools and packages. This section not only presents these decisions, but also describes the process by which we reached them. These deliberations are especially interesting in light of the fact that three communities with diverse programming languages (Mesa, lisp, and Smalltalk) and very different programming styles, met to discuss the merits and drawbacks of their individual systems and religions, with the purpose of reaching some sort of consensus that would allow the construction of a programming environment that would be satisfactory to all of them. The second paper, "A Tour Through Cedar," is essentially a travelogue through the current Cedar environment (as of September, 1983) in the form of a transcript of an actual session. This transcript consists of numerous snapshots of the display screen interspersed with dialogue and commentary. The intent is to produce an effect similar to that of the reader sitting down with a user in front of a display terminal and being given a live demonstration of the system, while an expert comments on some of the why's and wherefore's. During the course of this demonstration, the reader is introduced to most of the salient features of the Cedar Programming Environment as they come up and are used. In many cases we will digress from this demonstration to discuss some aspect of these features, such as why we did it this way, how important this particular facility actually turned out to be, etc. The final paper, "Cedar: The Report Card," discusses and attempts to evaluate how well we have succeeded in reaching our objectives and goals, to what extent the original objectives . and goals were changed or evolved during the course of the project, and what remains to be done. A version of the paper "A Tour Through Cedar" appeared in IEEE Software, April 1984. XEROX PARCo CSL-83-11. JUNE 1984
Novel word recognition and word spotting systems for offline Urdu handwriting

Word recognition for offline Arabic, Farsi and Urdu handwriting is a subject which has attained much attention in the OCR field. This thesis presents the implementations of offline Urdu Handwritten Word Recognition (HWR) and an Urdu word spotting technique. This thesis first introduces the creation of several offline CENPARMI Urdu databases. These databases were necessary for offline Urdu HWR experiments. The holistic-based recognition approach was followed for the Urdu HWR system. In this system, the basic pre-processing of images was performed. In the feature extraction phase, the gradient and structural features were extracted from greyscale and binary word images, respectively. This recognition system extracted 592 feature sets and these features helped in improving the recognition results. The system was trained and tested on 57 words. Overall, we achieved a 97 % accuracy rate for handwritten word recognition by using the SVM classifier. Our word spotting technique used the holistic HWR system for recognition purposes. This word spotting system consisted of two processes: the segmentation of handwritten connected components and diacritics from Urdu text lines and the word spotting algorithm. A small database of handwritten text pages was created for testing the word spotting system. This database consisted of texts from ten Urdu native speakers. The rule-based segmentation system was applied for segmentation (or extracting) for handwritten Urdu subwords or connected components from text lines. We achieved a 92% correct segmentation rate for 372 text lines. In the word spotting algorithm, the candidate words were generated from the segmented connected components. These candidate words were sent to the holistic HWR system, which extracted the features and tried to recognize each image as one of the 57 words. After classification, each image was sent to the verification/rejection phase, which helped in rejecting the maximum number of unseen (raw data) images. Overall, we achieved a 50% word spotting precision at a 70% recall rate
Appraisal Analysis in the Introduction of Asian EFL Journal 2012

Academic writing especially journal writing may be a great challenge for researchers. Researchers need to convince the reader that their research is well founded. It usually stated in the introduction section of the journal. Unfortunately, Kotze (2007) stated that it is the most difficult part to be written. However, a good introduction should persuade even non-specialist to begin reading the text (Matthews and Matthews: 2008). In this term, appraisal resources can be used to build up patterns across whole texts (Butt, et al., 2001: 121). Specifically, academic discourse should obtain engagement resources rather than other appraisal subsystems. It is based on Martin and White’s (2005) statement that engagement can open for dialogistic in a discourse. This research aims to find out and to give a picture about engagement-appraisal in the introduction section of Asian EFL Journal Professional Teaching Articles (PTA) CEBU Conference Issue 2012. Besides that, it also aims to interpret the general trend of the use of engagement-appraisal in the introduction section of Asian EFL Journal PTA 2012. The research is conducted through descriptive qualitative research. Five articles from five publications of Asian EFL Journal PTA CEBU Conference Issue 2012 are selected. To analyze engagement-appraisal in the introduction section, the writer uses Martin and White’s (2005) appraisal framework. The writer finds that heteroglossic-engagement appraisal significantly appears than monoglossic, 101 of 110(92%) of clauses in the articles. However, there are only 9 of 110 (8%) clauses show monoglossic. In case of heteroglossic, 54 clauses or 53% of heteroglossic shows contract expression while 47 clauses or 47% show expand expression. It means that the journal authors tend to open up dialogistic alternatives rather than giving exact view of the issue. Although the degree of uncertainty is high, they give valid information by quoting and referencing to the previous researchers’ statement. It is indicated by the dominant use of acknowledge (23%). The writer suggests the students who will write introduction section should put expression of acknowledge giving more well-grounded background knowledge. Hopefully, teachers can encourage the students to have more critical attitude in writing.
Automatic parallelization of Prolog programs

Prolog has a number of advantages for use in rapid prototyping. The explotation of parallelism holds the promise of making these prototypes directly executable. This dissertation addresses the parallel execution of Prolog programs without restricting the language to a pure subset or requiring user annotations. We begin by presenting methods for the OR parallel execution of Prolog programs with side effects such as assert, retract, and cut. Our methods have been implemented in an interpreter on the Alliant FX/8 and some results are presented. The second portion describes a method for estimating the inherent parallelism in Prolog programs. This work is based on the critical path methods of Kumar and is used to measure the best possible speedups under OR and AND/OR parallel models. The results of timing the Berkeley Benchmarks with these methods are presented. The last portion of the dissertation describes a method for applying Fortran techniques to Prolog programs. It begins by describing the construction of control flow graphs and shows how to identify recursive procedures that can be converted to loops. Lastly, dependence analysis methods and several source-to-source transformations from Fortran are used to synchronize and parallelize these loops. The results of hand-applying these transformations to a number of programs are presented. We demonstrate that we are able to obtain significant speedups on a number of programs by applying our transformations.
Introduction to Data Visualization

Data visualization is one of the most powerful tools to explore, understand and communicate patterns in quantitative information. At the same time, good data visualization is a surprisingly difficult task and demands three quite different skills: substantive knowledge, statistical skill, and artistic sense. The course is intended to introduce participants to key principles of analytic design and useful visualization techniques for the exploration and presentation of univariate and multivariate data. This course is highly applied in nature and emphasizes the practical aspects of data visualization in the social sciences. Students will learn how to evaluate data visualizations based on principles of analytic design, how to construct compelling visualizations using the free statistics software R, and how to explore and present their data with visual methods.
EPICS Input/Output Controller (IOC) application developer`s guide. APS Release 3.12

This document describes the core software that resides in an Input/Output Controller (IOC), one of the major components of EPICS. The basic components are: (OPI) Operator Interface; this is a UNIX based workstation which can run various EPICS tools; (IOC) Input/Output Controller; this is a VME/VXI based chassis containing a Motorola 68xxx processor, various I/O modules, and VME modules that provide access to other I/O buses such as GPIB, (LAN), Local Area Network; and this is the communication network which allows the IOCs and OPIs to communicate. Epics provides a software component, Channel Access, which provides network transparent communication between a Channel Access client and an arbitrary number of Channel Access servers.
TextGridTools: A TextGrid Processing and Analysis Toolkit for Python

In this paper we present TextGridTools, a free Python package for processing, querying and manipulating Praat's TextGrid files. TextGridTools improves on many deficiencies of Praat's embedded scripting language by providing a clean data model for TextGrid objects and their attributes, and offering functionality for common annotation-related tasks, for instance calculation of inter-annotator agreement measures. Owing to seamless integration with other Python tools, such as data analysis libraries and interactive interpreters, users gain access to a versatile and powerful computing environment without the need of repeated format conversions.
Experiences from the development of August - a multi-modal spoken dialogue system

This paper describes experiences from the development of a Swedish spoken dialogue system with a talking agent, August. The system was exposed to the general public at a very early stage. Apart from describing the system and its components this paper discusses the problems encountered during the set-up and describe possible solutions considered. The system has been used for a period of six months to collect spontaneous speech data, largely from people with no previous experience of speech technology. One of the goals of the August project was to be able to analyze how novice users interact with a multi-modal information kiosk, placed without supervision in a public location. Another goal was to demonstrate how the speech technology modules developed at the department could be put together to rapidly prototype a multi-modal spoken dialogue system.
Genetic Algorithms: Concepts and Designs with Disk

From the Publisher: The practical application of Genetic Algorithms to the solution of engineering problems is rapidly becoming an established approach in the fields of control and signal processing. This book provides comprehensive coverage of the techniques involved, describing the intrinsic characteristics, advantages and constraints of genetic algorithms, as well as discussing genetic operations such as crossover, mutation and reinsertion. In addition, the principle of multiobjective optimization and computing parallelism are discussed. These features are fully illustrated by real-world applications. Also described is a newly proposed and unique hierarchical genetic algorithm designed to address the problems in determining system topology.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Deformable Contours

It is common to employ a shape model or motion model for the analysis of nonrigid motion. However, adequate amount of information about the motion type or the structure under deformation is not usually available. As a result, general assumptions have to be used for the employed model resulting in relatively inefficient and less robust systems due to inadequate constraints. In this work, we present a number of techniques that deal with the problems of spatiotemporal modeling of contours which assume the most general constraints in both spatial and temporal domains. The main application area of these techniques are analysis of medical images, especially ultrasound image sequences. The first problem addressed, which is crucial for a successful operation of the systems working on medical images, includes proper utilization of user-supplied-data in the spatiotemporal analysis process and adding extra spatiotemporal information after the main analysis step in order to increase efficiency. We also introduce a technique to obtain the qualitative local deformations from the spatiotemporal contour analysis. Another set of techniques deals with the excess amount of data that results from the increased number of constraints and larger search spaces on which these constraints have to be imposed. We use scale spaces to analyze the underlying images in order to concentrate on promising image parts. We also introduce a multilevel optimization technique that minimizes the model energy using the results of the analysis of the underlying images. Finally, we combine spatiotemporal analysis of contours with the modeling of the ultrasound imaging, thus increasing the restrictions on the search space. This technique can also be applied to other computer vision problems such as stereo. We tested the techniques introduced by performing experiments on synthetic and challenging real world data showing their effectiveness and feasibility for practical use.
ANALISIS KEPERLUAN TERHADAP PENGGUNA SASARAN MODUL PENDEKATAN BERASASKAN BERMAIN BAGI PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN KEMAHIRAN BAHASA KANAK-KANAK PRASEKOLAH

In research on module development, needs analysis is carried out to ensure the product created can fulfil user needs. This research was undertaken in order to identify the needs and specifications of a module based on play approach for teaching and learning of language skills among preschool children. To create a module able to fulfil the needs of teachers as users, needs analysis was carried out on 10 preschool teachers from different schools under the Ministry of Education Malaysia. Data collection was through semi-structured interviews and the sampling technique was purposive sampling. Qualitative data from interviews with teachers were categorized and analyzed to identify themes for making sense of the data. Data analysis unearthed four major themes, namely: (1) The play approach was suitable for teaching and learning activities among preschool children, (2) The existing teaching approach did not focus on the play approach, (3) Teachers need appropriate sources and materials to motivate language learning in pupils, and (4) Teaching and learning activities need to consider the language capabilities of pupils. Analysis of the findings shows that the module based on play approach for teaching and learning language skills among preschool children has the potential for development. Apart from the four main themes identified, suggestions and specifications derived from interviews with teachers gave useful information for developing the module contents. The findings will be used for designing and developing the module in the next phase. The findings are expected to assist in producing a module capable of solving existing problems among teachers and motivating language skills teaching and learning among preschool children.
Reducing the Energy Consumption of ZigBee with a Power-saving MAC Protocol

The ZigBee standard is a common choice for implementing wireless sensor networks. For a mesh network topology the protocol lacks of adequate power-saving mechanisms, which limits the lifetime of a battery-powered ZigBee network to a few days. This short lifetime drastically restricts the possible application scenarios for ZigBee. To expand the usefulness of ZigBee an implementation has been developed to replace the default ZigBee MAC protocol with a power-saving protocol denominated X-MAC. The stack has been implemented in Contiki Operating System, which features a novel power profiling mechanism. This implementation has been used to verify the power consumption reduction achieved by the stack, saving up to a 90% of energy, and leading to a ten-fold increase in network lifetime at the price of a slight increase of network latency.