Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality After Colonoscopy Screening According to Individuals’ Risk Profiles

Background: It remains unknown whether the beneﬁt of colonoscopy screening against colorectal cancer (CRC) and the optimal age to start screening differ by CRC risk proﬁle. Methods: Among 75 873 women and 42 875 men, we deﬁned a CRC risk score (0-8) based on family history, aspirin, height, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, alcohol, and diet. We calculated colonoscopy screening-associated hazard ratios and absolute risk reductions (ARRs) for CRC incidence and mortality and age-speciﬁc CRC cumulative incidence according to risk score. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results: During a median of 26 years of follow-up, we documented 2407 CRC cases and 874 CRC deaths. Although the screening-associated hazard ratio did not vary by risk score, the ARRs in multivariable-adjusted 10-year CRC incidence more than doubled for individuals with scores 6-8 (ARR ¼ 0.34%, 95% conﬁdence interval [CI] ¼ 0.26% to 0.42%) compared with 0-2 (ARR ¼ 0.15%, 95% CI ¼ 0.12% to 0.18%, P trend < .001). Similar results were found for CRC mortality (ARR ¼ 0.22%, 95% CI ¼ 0.21% to 0.24% vs 0.08%, 95% CI ¼ 0.07% to 0.08%, P trend < .001). The ARR in mortality of distal colon and rectal cancers was fourfold higher for scores 68 than 0-2 (distal colon cancer: ARR ¼ 0.08%, 95% CI ¼ 0.07% to 0.08% vs 0.02%, 95% CI ¼ 0.02% to 0.02%, P trend < .001; rectal cancer: ARR ¼ 0.08%, 95% CI ¼ 0.08% to 0.09% vs 0.02%, 95% CI ¼ 0.02% to 0.03%, P trend < .001). When using age 45years as the benchmark to start screening, individuals with risk scores of 0-2, 3, 4, 5, and 6-8 attained the threshold CRC risk level (10-year cumulative risk of 0.47%) at age 51 years, 48 years, 45 years, 42 years, and 38years, respectively. Conclusions: The absolute beneﬁt risk-based
Correction of Signal Distortion Resulting from Measurement Systems Limitation

Abstract: A generalized method for correcting dynamic characteristics of measurement systems is presented to reduce dynamic errors. The cause of dynamic errors is the sensor's frequency response limitation. One way of solving this problem is to make use of deconvolution. Since problems are ill-conditioned, a small uncertainty in the measurement will cause large deviation in reconstructed signals. The amplified noise has to be suppressed at the sacrifice of biasing in estimation. In this paper, the problem of dynamic characteristics correction is taken as solving stabilized solutions of Fredholm integral equations. Simulation result shows the validity of the method. A practical application of the method in dynamic calibration and data processing are described.
BLOCKADE OF FATTY ACID OXIDATION MIMICS THE PHASE II-PHASE III TRANSITION IN A SPONTANEOUSLY FASTING BIRD, THE KING PENGUIN

This study tests the hypothesis that the metabolic and endocrine shift characterizing the phase II-phase III transition during prolonged fasting is related to a decrease in fatty acid oxidation. Changes in the plasma concentrations of various metabolites and hormones, and in lipolytic fluxes as determined by continuous infusion of 2-[ 3 H]glycerol and 1-[ 14 C]palmitate, were examined in vivo in spontaneously fasting king penguins in the phase II status (large fat stores, protein sparing) before, during and after treatment with mercaptoacetate (MA), an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation. MA induced a 7-fold decrease in plasma β -hydroxybutyrate and a 2-2.5-fold increase in plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glycerol and triacylglycerols. MA also stimulated lipolytic fluxes, increasing the rate of appearance of NEFA and glycerol by 60-90 %. This stimulation might be partly mediated by a doubling of circulating glucagon, plasma insulin remaining unchanged. The plasma glucose level was unaffected by MA treatment. Plasma uric acid increased by 4-fold, indicating a marked acceleration of body protein breakdown, possibly mediated by a 2.5-fold increase in circulating corticosterone. The strong similarities between these changes and those observed at the phase II-phase III transition in fasting penguins support the view that entrance into phase III, and especially the end of protein sparing, is related to a decrease in fatty acid oxidation rather than to a reduced NEFA availability. MA could be therefore a useful tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying the phase II-phase III transition in spontaneously fasting birds and the associated stimulation of feeding behavior.
Privacy Enabling Emotion Estimation using ML

— Discourse is that the most typical and advantageous that} by which people convey, and understanding discourse is maybe the foremost unpredictable cycles that human neural structure performs. Discourse feeling Recognition (SER) expects to understand human feeling from discourse. Typically this can be often on the approach that voice often reflects elementary feelings through tone and pitch. Inside the present examination, the adequacy of graded Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in acknowledgment of discourse feelings has been researched. photos of the discourse signals area unit utilized as a result of the knowledge highlights of the organizations. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) is used to induce obviate highlights from sound. Ravdess, Savee and Tess discourse datasets area unit utilised to prepare and assess our models. Visible of the assessment, the emotions (cheerful, miserable, irate, impartial, astonished, disturb) of the discourse area unit progressing to be known while not speaker character.
Socioeconomic status and stroke severity: Understanding indirect effects via risk factors and stroke prevention using innovative statistical methods for mediation analysis

Background Those with low socioeconomic status have an increased risk of stroke, more severe strokes, reduced access to treatment, and more adverse outcomes after stroke. The question is why these differences are present. In this study we investigate to which extent the association between low socioeconomic status and stroke severity can be explained by differences in risk factors and stroke prevention drugs. Methods The study included 86 316 patients registered with an ischemic stroke in the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke) 2012–2016. Data on socioeconomic status was retrieved from the Longitudinal integrated database for health insurance and labour market studies (LISA) by individual linkage. We used education level as proxy for socioeconomic status, with primary school education classified as low education. Stroke severity was measured using the Reaction Level Scale, with values above 1 classified as severe strokes. To investigate the pathways via risk factors and stroke prevention drugs we performed a mediation analysis estimating indirect and direct effects. Results Low education was associated with an excess risk of a severe stroke compared to mid/high education (absolute risk difference 1.4%, 95% CI: 1.0%-1.8%), adjusting for confounders. Of this association 28.5% was an indirect effect via risk factors (absolute risk difference 0.4%, 95% CI: 0.3%-0.5%), while the indirect effect via stroke prevention drugs was negligible. Conclusion Almost one third of the association between low education and severe stroke was explained by risk factors, and clinical effort should be taken to reduce these risk factors to decrease stroke severity among those with low socioeconomic status.
D-optimal mixture design optimized solid formulation containing fruits extracts of Momordica charantia and Abelmoschus esculentus

Fruit extracts of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) and Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (Malvaceae) have shown promising antidiabetic activities in clinical trials. However, they remain underutilized due to insufficient standardization and lack of formulation containing their mixture. This study’s overall purpose was to develop and optimize a capsule dosage form containing dried fruit extracts of M. charantia and A. esculentus. The design of the experiment involved two steps; first, response surface methodology (RSM) with a five-level two-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was employed to determine the optimal dose of a mixture of extracts for adequate glycemic control. The extract of M. charantia and A. esculentus were the independent variables while fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was the dependent factor. In the second step, a D-optimal mixture design was applied to study the interaction effect of the optimal dose and selected excipients on granules flowability and capsules’ disintegration time. Moreover, a second-order quadratic model determined the interrelationship of excipients and the desired capsules’ quality attributes. The validity of the predicted models was confirmed. The findings indicated that a combined dose of 175 A. esculentus and 281 M. charantia (mg/kg) significantly reduced the FPG level compared to vehicle at day 14 (mean difference -2.7 ± 0.21, p < 0.001). This dose was used to make a 600 mg capsule (DM083) with 76% drug loading. The DM083 had 40.4 ± 0.62 mg GAE/gDW total polyphenols, 12 peaks HPLC fingerprint, and 26.6 ± 4.75 min average disintegration time. Together, these findings showed that a mixture of M. charantia and A. esculentus fruit extracts could be formulated in a stable capsule dosage form with acceptable quality standards. Further biological studies such as toxicity assays and long-term efficacy studies of the developed capsules could be carried out before large-scale commercial production.
Human endothelial cells display a rapid tensional stress increase in response to tumor necrosis factor-α

Endothelial cells form the inner layer of blood vessels, making them the first barrier between the blood and interstitial tissues; thus endothelial cells play a crucial role in inflammation. In the inflammatory response, one important element is the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). While other pro-inflammatory agents like thrombin and histamine induce acute but transient changes in endothelial cells, which have been well studied biologically as well as mechanically, TNF-α is primarily known for its sustained effects on permeability and leukocyte recruitment. These functions are associated with transcriptional changes that take place on the timescale of hours and days. Here, we investigated the early mechanical action of TNF-α and show that even just 4 min after TNF-α was added onto human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers, there was a striking rise in mechanical substrate traction force and internal monolayer tension. These traction forces act primarily at the boundary of the monolayer, as was to be expected. This increased internal monolayer tension may, in addition to TNF-α’s other well-studied biochemical responses, provide a mechanical signal for the cells to prepare to recruit leukocytes.
Video Game Addictive Symptom Level, Use Intensity, and Hedonic Experience: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study

Background The effects of behavioral addiction to video games has received increasing attention in the literature, given increased use intensity among subgroups of video game players. Objective This study seeks to empirically determine the relationship between intensity of video gaming and hedonic experience of the player. Methods We conducted a survey of 835 individuals who regularly play video games to determine the relationship between intensity of use and hedonic experience. We divided the sample into quartiles by self-reported video game addictive symptom level (from the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale) and conducted polynomial regressions separately for each quartile. Results We found that the higher video game addictive symptom level groups experienced a U-shaped (curvilinear) relationship between hedonic experience and intensity of play, whereas groups with lower video game addictive symptom levels exhibited no such relationship. The coefficients for the highest addictive symptom level group (quartile 4) for marginal effects for hours played per week and hours played per week squared were significantly negative (P=.005) and significantly positive (P=.004), respectively. Conclusions Our results are consistent with sensitization and tolerance theories, which suggest that high-symptom groups experience frustration and disappointment until they achieve excessive dopamine release, at which point their hedonic experience is expected to improve with additional play. Conversely, low-symptom groups experience no such fall-and-rise pattern. This result is consistent with the outcome that members of the latter group play the game for the direct experience, such that their hedonic experience is more directly related to events occurring in the game than to the increasingly elusive pursuit of excessive dopamine release. We also find that high-symptom groups spend substantially more time and money to support video game use and are much more likely to engage in video game use at the expense of other important activities, such as working, sleeping, and eating.
Asbestos Minerals in Consumer Products: A Well-Known Public Health Hazard Right in our Midst?

Asbestos minerals show unique physical properties such as sound absorption, resistance to fire, heat, and electricity. These desirable characteristics led to extensive use of asbestos in construction and domestic building materials. Due to the carcinogenic potential of asbestos fibers, asbestos and products containing asbestos have been banned or at least restricted in many countries. However, asbestos minerals are abundantly found in nature and thus, stone query products occasionally contain these potentially health hazardous fibers. This case report shows that commercially available gravel was contaminated with asbestos fibers. Macroscopic, microscopic and spectrometric evaluation revealed fibrous particles in the chippings consisting of chrysotile, tremolite, and actinolite. From a Public Health perspective, oddments of asbestos material in older buildings as well as query products encompassing asbestos are a slumbering health threat to consumers and workers alike. Given the indistinguishable exposure routes and also the long latency period of disease development, the individual risk might be considered as overall low. However, lessons learned from asbestos could provide guidance when introducing synthetic nano tubes resembling asbestos fibersand thus, provoking associated clinical conditions. This report highlights the need for further studies on safety of consumer products.
A New Arabidopsis Gene, FLK , Encodes an RNA Binding Protein with K Homology Motifs and Regulates Flowering Time via FLOWERING LOCUS C W

RNA metabolism plays versatile roles in the regulation of gene expression during eukaryotic growth and development. It is mediated by a group of RNA binding proteins with distinct conserved motifs. In this study, an Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) gene, designated FLK , was identiﬁed and shown to encode a putative RNA binding protein with K homology motifs. A mutant in which FLK was inactivated by T-DNA insertion exhibited a severe late ﬂowering phenotype both in long and short days. The late ﬂowering phenotype was reversed by gibberellin and vernalization treatments. The FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) transcription was greatly upregulated, whereas those of FLOWERING LOCUS T and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 decreased in the mutant. These observations demonstrate that FLK regulates the autonomous ﬂowering pathway via FLC . It is now evident that a battery of different RNA binding proteins are involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of ﬂowering time in Arabidopsis.
Objective and Subjective Sleep in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Severe Seasonal Allergy: Preliminary Assessments of the Role of Sickness, Central and Peripheral Inflammation

and be directly or indirectly related to disease processes, but not been well characterized in these groups, not objective Aim: The present study aimed to characterize objective and subjective sleep in patients with allergy or RA using sleep diaries, one-channel EEG and actigraphy. It also aimed to investigate if sleep measures were associated with central immune activation, assessed using translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography, as well as cytokine markers of peripheral inflammation and disease-specific symptoms or general symptoms of sickness. Methods: In total, 18 patients with seasonal pollen allergy, 18 patients with RA and 26 healthy controls were included in the study. Allergy patients and matched controls were assessed twice, in and out of pollen season, and RA patients and controls were assessed once. Sleep was recorded for approximately 1 week at each occasion. Results: Patients with allergy had increased levels of slow-wave sleep during pollen season. In contrast, patients with RA had less SWS compared to healthy controls, while no differ-ences were observed in sleep duration or subjective sleep quality. Across groups, neither proinflammatory cytokines, grey matter TSPO levels nor general sickness symptoms were associated with objective or subjective measures of sleep. Rhinitis, but not conjunctivitis, was correlated to worse subjective sleep and more slow wave sleep in allergy. Functional status, but not disease activity, predicted lower subjective sleep in RA. Conclusion: This study tentatively indicates that both patients with allergy and RA display sleep alterations but does not support inflammation as an independent predictor of the sleep disturbance across these patient groups.
Color and morphological features extraction and nuclei classification in tissue samples of colorectal cancer

Cancer is an important public health problem and the third most leading cause of death in North America. Among the highest impact types of cancer are colorectal, breast, lung, and prostate. This thesis addresses the features extraction by using different artificial intelligence algorithms that provide distinct solutions for the purpose of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD). For example, classification algorithms are employed in identifying histological structures, such as lymphocytes, cancer-cells nuclei and glands, from features like existence, extension or shape. The morphological aspect of these structures indicates the degree of severity of the related disease. In this paper, we use a large dataset of 5000 images to classify eight different tissue types in the case of colorectal cancer. We compare results with another dataset. We perform image segmentation and extract statistical information about the area, perimeter, circularity, eccentricity and solidity of the interest points in the image. Finally, we use and compare four popular machine learning techniques, i.e., Naive Bayes, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine and Multilayer Perceptron to classify and to improve the precision of category assignation.The performance of each algorithm was measured using 3 types of metrics: Precision, recall and F1-Score representing a huge contribution to the existing literature complementing it in a quantitative way. The large number of images has helped us to circumvent the overfitting and reproducibility problems. The main contribution is the use of new characteristics different from those already studied, this work researches about the color and morphological characteristics in the images that may be useful for performing tissue classification in colorectal cancer histology.
PPAR- (cid:1) Coactivator-1 (cid:2) Regulates Progesterone Production in Ovarian Granulosa Cells with SF-1 and LRH-1

Previously, we demonstrated that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into steroidogenic cells such as Leydig and adrenocortical cells by the introduction of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and treatment with cAMP. In this study, we employed the same approach to differentiate umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived MSCs. Despite UCB-MSCs differentiating into steroidogenic cells, they exhibited characteristics of granulosa-luteal-like cells. We found that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (cid:1) coactivator-1 (cid:2) (PGC-1 (cid:2) ) was expressed and further induced by cAMP stimulation in UCB-MSCs. Consistent with these results, tissue-specific expression of Pgc-1 (cid:2) was observed in rat ovarian granulosa cells. PGC-1 (cid:2) binds to the NR5A family [SF-1 and liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1)] of proteins and markedly enhances their transcriptional activities. Reporter assays revealed that PGC-1 (cid:2) activated the promoter activities of SF-1 and LRH-1 target genes. Infection of KGN cells (a human cell line derived from granulosa cells) with adenoviruses expressing PGC-1 (cid:2) resulted in the induction of steroidogenesis-related genes and stimulation of progesterone production. PGC-1 (cid:2) also induced SF-1 and LRH-1, with the latter induced to a greater extent. Knockdown of Pgc-1 (cid:2) in cultured rat granulosa cells resulted in attenuation of gene expression as well as progesterone production. Transactivation of the NR5A family by PGC-1 (cid:2) was repressed by Dax-1. PGC-1 (cid:2) binds to the activation function 2 domain of NR5A proteins via its consensus LXXLL motif. These results indicate that PGC-1 (cid:2) is involved in progesterone production in ovarian granulosa cells by potentiating transcriptional activities of the NR5A family proteins. ( Molecular Endocrinology 24: 485–496, 2010)
Extracellular Superoxide Release Targeting in Human Neutrophils to Induce Disrupts NADPH Oxidase Helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection triggers a chronic inﬂux of polymorphonuclear leukocyte neutrophils (PMNs) into the gastric mucosa. Although Hp reside in a neutrophil-rich environment, how these organisms evade phagocytic killing is largely unexplored. We now show that live Hp (strains 11637, 60190, DT61A, and 11916) are readily ingested by PMNs and induce a rapid and strong respiratory burst that is comparable to PMA. Relative to other particulate stimuli, Hp are more potent activators of PMNs than opsonized zymosan, Staphylococcus aureus , or Salmonella . Strikingly, biochemical and microscopic analyses demonstrate that Hp disrupt NADPH oxidase targeting such that superoxide anions are released into the extracellular milieu and do not accumulate inside Hp phagosomes. Speciﬁcally, nascent Hp phagosomes acquire ﬂavocytochrome b 558 but do not efﬁciently recruit or retain p47 phox or p67 phox . Superoxide release peaks at 16 min coincident with the appearance of assembled oxidase complexes in patches at the cell surface. Oxidant release is regulated by formalin-resistant and heat-sensitive bacterial surface factors distinct from urease and Hp(2–20). Following opsonization with fresh serum, Hp triggers a modest respiratory burst that is conﬁned to the phagosome, and ingested bacteria are eliminated. We conclude that disruption of NADPH oxidase targeting allows unopsonized Hp to escape phagocytic killing, and our ﬁndings support the hypothesis that bacteria and PMNs act in concert to damage the gastric mucosa. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174: 3658–3667.