Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Online Video Cases on Clinical Reasoning in Occupational Therapy Education: A Quantitative Analysis

Clinical reasoning, the cognitive process of a skilled occupational therapist, is a complex and necessary component of evaluating clients and implementing interventions that facilitate each client’s achievement of relevant and meaningful participation in daily occupations. Clinical reasoning encompasses a set of skills that must be integrated into college curricula for the preparation of occupational therapists, but it is not easily taught in a classroom setting. This quasi-experimental, quantitative research explored how specific instructional techniques, constructed on the tenets of case-based reasoning, influenced the development of clinical reasoning in occupational therapy students. The experimental group with video cases improved significantly in overall reasoning. The video cases challenged the learners to analyze their observations, explicitly identify clinical reasoning skills, and make decisions regarding occupational therapy interventions and services. This may influence how video technology is used and integrated into didactic educational practices. Comments This is the first of two articles that describe one research study. The authors report no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Virtually Allocated Resources in Phase-Level using MapReduce in Hadoop

MapReduce is a simple programming model for a large scale data processing. MapReduce is a grouping the models of map and reduce with a related implementation. It is used for processing and generating large number of data sets. The task can be reduced by using mapreduce concept it can highly varying resource requirements so it is difficult for task level schedulers to promote available resources can be reduce to job execution time. The existing systems that focus on task level scheduling, so it has some drawbacks in job performance. Phase level scheduling algorithm is aim of achieving high performance job and resource utilization. The proposed systems introduces the phase-level scheduling algorithm that increase to fulfill the execution and resource utilization without introducing laggards using fail over resilience algorithm. Phase level offers high resource application and provides one third times increase it improvements in job running time assessed to the current
The External Orientation of Strategic Management Accounting: Customer Accounting, Business Strategies, and Customer Performance

This study is added to the limited empirical studies concerning the practices of customer accounting (CA). The aims of this study were to explore the extent of usage of CA techniques in Jordanian industrial companies (JIC), to investigate the status of customer performance in JIC, to examine the influence of business strategies on the usage of CA, and to examine the influence of CA on customer performance in JIC. In addition, this study aims to determine the relationship between business strategies (cost leadership, differentiation and focus) and customer performance control for CA. A survey on Jordanian industrial companies (JIC) was conducted for data collection. A total of 90 questionnaires were distributed to these companies. Out of this number 68 were returned. The response rate was about 75.5%. Descriptive statistics showed that the customer performance' indicators in JIC are in a good status and there are good improvements in all categories of customer performance. One-sample t-test showed that CA techniques were used by the JIC. The results of multiple regressions showed that business strategies contribute significantly and show high levels of variation of CA in JIC. Cost leadership strategy and focus strategy had a statistically significant positive effect on CA in JIC. The results of simple regressions showed that that CA contributes significantly and explains a quarter of the variation in customer performance in JIC. It is also found that CA has a statistically significant positive effect on customer performance in JIC. A partial correlation revealed that there were moderate, positive partial correlations between business strategies and customer performance whilst controlling for CA. in addition, ZPC showed that there were statistically significant, moderate, positive correlations between these strategies and customer performance, indicating that CA have an important influence in controlling for the relationship between business strategies and customer performance. The positive signs of the r values are indication that when CA is enhanced, business strategies (cost leadership, differentiation and focus) and customer Performance are also enhanced. This study made an important contribution because it is first of its kind that addresses these relationships. This study suggested that customer performance should be considered as an important part of the future performance measurement and management systems in JIC. In context of cost-benefit approach, this study recommends JIC to continue adopting all of CA techniques in the future. Keywords : strategic management accounting, customer accounting, business strategies, customer performance, Jordan.
Directions in entrepreneurship education (EE) in Europe

An extraordinary proliferation of entrepreneurship courses and programs was and still is underway in colleges and universities worldwide. In Europe this phenomenon has been further stimulated by the focus on Entrepreneurship as key objective for the implementation of the Europe2020 strategy (EC, 2010). Recently, EE is enjoying a ‘boom’ apparent also in the proliferation of published research on the matter. However, most of this literature is appreciative, focused on specific cases or at national level. Regarding the European region, there is a lack of comparative studies at European-wide level, which probably is a reflection of the lack of internationally comparable data about EE. Hence, this paper provides a systematized overview of patterns and directions in EE in Europe in recent years. We conduct a review of the published research of the theme with an European focus in an attempt to organize the literature along precise lines. When possible we conduct an empirical analysis focused on a number of European economies with the aim of identifying the trends and directions of EE in Europe. The analysis is based on data from the EU Flash Eurobarometer, Entrepreneurship Survey, 2009 and from a survey conducted by the European Commission on EE at school level in ten countries. The contribution is twofold. Systematizing the existing literature is a necessary step in developing the field. For researchers, this overview will be constructive in providing an analysis of the directions of published research and in setting up a research agenda for the future. For practitioners, it provides a clear outline of practices. It also raises awareness with regard to entrepreneurship, and in particular, to its potential contribution to the competitiveness of economies. The empirical analysis adds to our knowledge about the current situation of EE in practice in Europe.
Service learning in foundation phase teacher education: Experiential learning opportunities for student teachers

This paper reports on the implementation of a model that infuses service-learning into a four-year foundation phase teacher education programme. We argue for an integrated curriculum design utilising specifically the teaching (laboratory) school of the faculty, not only for clinical experience or work-integrated learning, but also for service-learning. In this way, the relation of the teacher education programme to the teaching school and its location within Soweto, an area within Johannesburg, optimises the affordances of learning from and through experience for students. The service-learning activities were designed to inform and draw on students’ practical and situational learning (learning in and about context) and address the notions of integrated and applied knowledge in the ‘Minimum Requirements for Teacher Education Qualifications’ (RSA DHET 2011). We argue in this paper that the incremental inclusion of service-learning over a four-year period and the varied nature of the service-learning projects within the programme extend students’ learning from practice, provide opportunities for students to see people outside of formal education as ‘experts’ who have something to contribute to their education, and maximize the potential civic and academic outcomes for students.
SIGNATURES OF A COMPANION STAR IN TYPE IA SUPERNOVAE

Although type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have been used as precise cosmological distance indicators, their progenitor systems remain unresolved. One of the key questions is whether there is a nondegenerate companion star at the time of a thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf. In this paper, we investigate whether an interaction between the SN ejecta and the companion star may result in observable footprints around the maximum brightness and thereafter, by performing multidimensional radiation transfer simulations based on hydrodynamic simulations of the interaction. We find that such systems result in variations in various observational characteristics due to different viewing directions, and the predicted behaviors (redder and fainter for the companion direction) are the opposite of what were suggested by the previous study. The variations are generally modest and within observed scatters. However, the model predicts trends between some observables different from those observationally derived, so a large sample of SNe Ia with small calibration errors may be used to constrain the existence of such a companion star. The variations in different colors in optical band passes can be mimicked by external extinctions, so such an effect could be a source of scatter in the peak luminosity and derived distance. After the peak, hydrogen-rich materials expelled from the companion will manifest themselves in hydrogen lines, but Hα is extremely difficult to identify. Alternatively, we find that Pβ in postmaximum near-infrared spectra can potentially provide a powerful diagnostic.
A multi-period group technology method for dynamic cellular manufacturing systems

A dynamic cellular manufacturing system is a system where cell configurations change in order to respond to changing production requirements. This paper proposes methods for multi-period cell and part family formation. The method of fuzzy C-means clustering is used for part family formation while balancing the part load between cells in each period; a genetic algorithm is presented to solve the model. An integer programming model is presented for multi-period cell formation with the objective of determining an optimal trade-off between reconfiguration cost and the cost of deficit capacity.
Age-dependent song changes in a closed-ended vocal learner: elevation of song performance after song crystallization

Birdsong is a sexual signal that serves as an indicator of male quality. Th ere is already abundant evidence that song elaboration refl ects early life-history because early developmental stress aff ects neural development of song control systems, and leaves irreversible adverse eff ects on song phenotypes. Especially in closed-ended vocal learners, song features crystallized early in life are less subject to changes in adulthood. Th is is why less attention has been paid to lifelong song changes in closed-ended learners. However, in the eyes of female birds that gain benefi ts from choosing mates based on male songs, not only past but also current conditions encoded in songs would be meaningful, given that even crystallized songs in closed-ended learners would not be identical in the long term. In this study, we examine within-individual song changes in the Java sparrow Lonchura oryzivora , with the aim of shedding light on the relationship between song and long-term life history. Specifi cally, we compared song length, tempo, and song complexity measures between the point just after song crystallization and around 1 yr later, and also compared those traits between fathers and sons to clarify the eff ect of vocal learning. While it is not surprising that song complexity did not diff er depending on age or between fathers and sons, we found that song length and tempo increased with age. Follow-up analyses have revealed that frequency bandwidth and peak frequency of song notes also elevated with age. Our results show that song performance related to motor skills can be improved even after song crystallization. We also suggest that song performance in closedended vocal learners gives a reliable clue for mate choice by refl ecting male quality with aging.
Free-free and H42α emission from the dusty starburst within NGC 4945 as observed by ALMA

We present observations of the 85.69 GHz continuum emission and H42alpha line emission from the central 30 arcsec within NGC 4945. Both sources of emission originate from nearly identical structures that can be modelled as exponential discs with a scale length of ~2.1 arcsec (or ~40 pc). An analysis of the spectral energy distribution based on combining these data with archival data imply that 84% +/- 10% of the 85.69 GHz continuum emission originates from free-free emission. The electron temperature is 5400 +/- 600 K, which is comparable to what has been measured near the centre of the Milky Way Galaxy. The star formation rate (SFR) based on the H42alpha and 85.69 GHz free-free emission (and using a distance of 3.8 Mpc) is 4.35 +/- 0.25 M/yr. This is consistent with the SFR from the total infrared flux and with previous measurements based on recombination line emission, and it is within a factor of ~2 of SFRs derived from radio data. The Spitzer Space Telescope 24 micron data and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer 22 micron data yield SFRs ~10x lower than the ALMA measurements, most likely because the mid-infrared data are strongly affected by dust attenuation equivalent to A_V=150. These results indicate that SFRs based on mid-infrared emission may be highly inaccurate for dusty, compact circumnuclear starbursts.
Urban Scene Segmentation for Autonomous Vehicles

For the past few decades, full automation has become an ultimate goal that people want to achieve, and the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is one of the important progress in our lives. Understanding the surrounding and making decisions are crucial concepts for AVs. We deeply believe that the computer vision techniques can help us solve these problems. The first challenge that stuck out to us is how to distinguish roads, people and cars, or even traffic signs. Hence, we aim to implement semantic segmentation in this project. Our main idea is to use fully convolutional networks to perform pixel-wised classification in urban scene images. Though there have been much work in image segmentation, we would like to implement and evaluate the performance of several contemporary models such as AlexNet and VGG net into fully convolutional networks.
Thromboelastometry (Tem) in Pregnant Women: Basal Tem Profile and Tem Profile after Carbetocin Administration in Women at High Risk for Post-Partum Haemorrhage

The aims of this study were to evaluate the thromboelastometry profile in pregnant at risk of post-partum haemorrhage and evaluate changes in thromboelastometry profile after administration of Carbetocin, used as uterotonic drugs in this patients during caesarean section. Twenty-one women undergoing elective caesarean section were consecutively enrolled, with risk factors for primary post-partum haemorrhage. All patients underwent the same combined spinal-epidural (CSE) anaesthesia. A basal thromboelastometry profile was performed. Women according to the study protocol received 500 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution IV and as uterotonic drug a bolus of 100 μg IV of Carbetocin at delivery of the anterior shoulder. Five minutes after uterotonic infusion, a new blood sample was performed for thromboelastometry profile after Carbetocin. Considering the changes in thomboelastometry profile before and after Carbeton, TEM exhibited significantly lower in MCF (in-TEM and ex-TEM) (p<0.01) and in A10 (in-TEM and ex-TEM) (p<0.01). We note also a significantly higher CFT ex-TEM value after Carbetocin (p<0.01).
IMPLICATIONS OF A MARKET FOR CARBON ON TIMBER AND NON-TIMBER VALUES IN AN UNCERTAIN WORLD

Despite considerable interest in the potential for forests to sequester carbon, the impact of carbon management on the provision of timber and non-timber resources has received relatively little attention in the literature. The introduction of value for stored carbon may result in modifications to traditional forest management objectives, generating trade-offs with other forest resources depending on the incentives provided by carbon markets. This paper investigates these issues by examining the impact of a particular form of carbon market on timber and non-timber values in a managed forest. An integrated modeling framework, developed for the incorporation of carbon management into operational timber management modeling tools, is also described. There is still substantial debate over how to properly credit carbon sequestered in forests. To date, there has been little research on how the form of a carbon market will impact the operations and objectives of forestry firms. Alternative market structures could produce very different responses in terms of rotation age, net present value and harvest policy. Here, a specific form of carbon market, the specified level contract, is investigated. Forestry firms are assumed to reach contracts with carbon-seeking agents which "guarantee" that a specified level of carbon stock will be maintained over a defined time period. Optimal forest management decisions are examined by implementing an optimization model for a specific land base in Alberta. The Woodstock forest modeling package is used for optimization. Analysis of trade-offs is based on the work of Armstrong et al. (1999, 2003) which assess non-timber resources using the natural disturbance approach to forest management. The analysis is then expanded to include a more rigorous, and realistic, depiction of carbon and carbon stock changes. Using the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3), carbon yield curves are developed which are integrated directly into the Woodstock forest management ii model. These carbon yields capture dynamics specific to separate biomass and dead organic matter (DOM) carbon pools and are represented for individual forest cover types. Interestingly, the inclusion of DOM carbon generates unexpected relationships between non-timber resources and incentives to sequester carbon. Results show that the presence of co-benefits will depend upon forest cover type, the harvest flow regulation faced by the managing firm and the incentives for timber supply provided by the market. Furthermore, firms that agree to enter contracts for carbon sequestration appear to do so at the expense of a decline in timber supply, with estimates of the opportunity cost of carbon management falling within the range of those found in recent literature.
Measuring Competition with a Flexible Supply Model

This paper provides a theoretically founded empirical model to simultaneously investigate firm competition and estimate markups. The model nests the standard oligopoly model, but also allows for firm collusion. Different from conduct parameter models, our model is consistent with a series of theoretical models. We show that a nonparametric marginal cost function can be identified, which gives an estimate of markups. We then apply our model to measure competition in the airline industry.
Health, wealth, and education: the socioeconomic backdrop for marine conservation in the developing world

Interacting drivers and pressures in many parts of the world are greatly undermining the long-term health and wellbeing of coastal human populations and marine ecosystems. How- ever, we do not yet have a well-formed picture of the nature and extent of the human poverty of coastal communities in these areas. In this paper, we begin to fill the gap and present a multi- dimensional picture of the wellbeing of coastal communities, using nationally representative sur- vey data to examine the health, wealth, and educational status of households in over 38000 com- munities across 38 developing countries. In general, we found high levels of poverty across the 3 dimensions (health, wealth, and education) analyzed, but each dimension also showed large heterogeneity within and across countries. We found that coastal communities had statistically significant higher levels of wellbeing than non-coastal communities. Coastal children were less stunted, less poor, and more likely to live in a higher educated household when compared to non-coastal households. However, we found that across coastal communities, rural coastal com- munities had 1.5 times lower height-for-age standard deviation scores (representing high child- hood stunting rates), were 4 times more likely to be poor, and were 1.6 times more likely to have low levels of educational attainment. A deeper understanding of human wellbeing along coasts is critical for generating wider social and more long-term economic benefits with respect to coastal marine management.
Outflow of hot and cold molecular gas from the obscured secondary nucleus of NGC3256: closing in on feedback physics

The nuclei of merging galaxies are often deeply buried in dense layers of gas and dust. In these regions, gas outflows driven by starburst and AGN activity are believed to play a crucial role in the evolution of these galaxies. However, to fully understand this process it is essential to resolve the morphology and kinematics of such outflows. Using near-IR integral-field spectroscopy obtained with VLT/SINFONI, we detect a kpc-scale structure of high-velocity molecular hydrogen (H2) gas associated with the deeply buried secondary nucleus of the IR-luminous merger NGC3256. We show that this structure is likely the hot component of a molecular outflow, which is detected also in the cold molecular gas by Sakamoto et al. This outflow, with a molecular gas mass of M(H2)~2x10^7 Msun, is among the first to be spatially resolved in both the hot H2 gas with VLT/SINFONI and the cold CO-emitting gas with ALMA. The hot and cold components share a similar morphology and kinematics, with a hot-to-cold molecular gas mass ratio of ~6x10^-5. The high (~100 pc) resolution at which we map the geometry and velocity structure of the hot outflow reveals a biconical morphology with opening angle ~40 deg and gas spread across a FWZI~1200 km/s. Because this collimated outflow is oriented close to the plane of the sky, the molecular gas may reach maximum intrinsic outflow velocities of ~1800 km/s, with an average mass outflow rate of at least ~20 Msun/yr. By modeling the line-ratios of various near-IR H2 transitions, we show that the H2 gas in the outflow is heated through shocks or X-rays to a temperature of ~1900K. The energy needed to drive the outflow is likely provided by a hidden Compton-thick AGN or by the nuclear starburst. We show that the global kinematics of the molecular outflow in NGC3256 mimic those of CO-outflows that have been observed at low spatial resolution in starburst- and active galaxies.
EXPLORATORY STUDY OF PERIWINKLE SHELLS AS COARSE AGGREGATES IN CONCRETE WORKS

This paper reports the exploratory study on the suitability of the periwinkle shells as partial or full replacement for granite in concrete works. Physical and mechanical properties of periwinkle shells and crushed granite were determined and compared. A total of 300 concrete cubes of size 150 x 150 x 150 mm 3 with different percentages by weight of crushed granite to periwinkle shells as coarse aggregate in the order 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 were cast, tested and their physical and mechanical properties were determined. Compressive strength tests showed that 35.4% and 42.5% of the periwinkle shells in replacement for granite was quite satisfactory with no compromise in compressive strength requirements for concrete mix ratios 1:2:4 and 1:3:6, respectively. This corresponds to savings of 14.8% and 17.5% for 1:2:4 and 1:3:6 concrete mixes, respectively.