Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relativistic attitude in development: reflections on the implementation of the Ethiopian multinational Constitution

Under the development approach that targets economic growth as its sole objective the marginalised groups may seriously be impacted. The developmental policy adopted since 1991 in Ethiopia illustrates it in relation to small-holding farmers, pastoralists and ethnic minorities. At the international level, alternative development paradigms have evolved along with progress in human rights. This article shows that the corrective measures have been informed by a growing ‘relativistic’ attitude, consisting in giving consideration to the relevance of specific articulations of culture, formal or informal norms and local conditions. The relativistic attitude is first defined and then considered in terms of compatibility with the Ethiopian multinational Constitution, adopted in 1995 but never really implemented. Under the pressure of the Qeerroo movement the ruling coalition in Ethiopia is today opening up to democracy and effective decentralisation. There is today a concrete possibility to revise the country’s developmental policy, in line with the Constitution and respecting second and third generation human rights. L’approccio allo sviluppo che considera la crescita economica come unico obiettivo può produrre degli effetti deleteri sui gruppi marginalizzati. Lo sviluppismo adottato in Etiopia dal 1991 illustra questo punto con riferimento ai contadini, ai popoli pastorali e alle minoranze etniche. La riflessione internazionale sullo sviluppo e il progresso nel campo dei diritti umani hanno portato all’emergere di nuovi paradigmi. L’articolo mostra come le misure correttive siano state caratterizzate da una crescente attitudine ‘relativistica’, che consiste nel dare considerazione alla rilevanza di articolazioni particolari di cultura, norme formali o informali, e condizioni locali. L’attitudine relativistica è prima definita e poi considerata in relazione alla compatibilità con la Costituzione Etiopica, adottata nel 1995 ma mai messa realmente in pratica. La pressione del movimento Qeerroo sta inducendo la coalizione al potere ad aprire effettivamente alla democratizzazione del paese e alla decentralizzazione. C’è quindi una concreta possibilità di rivedere anche le politiche sviluppiste, in linea sia con la Costituzione sia con i diritti umani di seconda e terza generazione. The relativistic attitude in development: reflections on the implementation o. Archivio antropologico mediterraneo, Anno XXII, n. 21 (2) | 2019 29
New product development commercialisation of Industry 4.0 products: evidence from a B2B Italian SME

Purpose of the paper: The Industry 4.0 paradigm entails tremendous business opportunities. However, SMEs are struggling to effectively commercialize new products embedding Industry 4.0 technologies. Therefore, the study aims at exploring how SMEs manage the commercialization of Industry 4.0 new products to provide a thorough understanding of the main issues and barriers they face. Methodology: The study adopts a single case study of an Italian SMEs. Data have been analyzed through an abductive approach. The novelty of the topic calls for an explorative study consistent with the methodologies adopted. Results: The study finds several barriers and issues related to internal and external factors. Barriers and issues might be overcome if SMEs develop external partnerships to compensate their typical scarcity of resources. The firm faced the coronavirus pandemic, which highlighted further threats hidden into the commercialization process. Research limitations: The study design is qualitative in nature, limiting the generalization of the findings. The internal perspective and the specific study contexts also offer new avenues for future. research. Practical implications: The study provides several insights to support SMEs in their commercialization processes of new Industry 4.0 technological products. The study highlights the pivotal role of strategy and planning as well as marketing activities. Originality of the paper: The study contributes to the new product commercialization and Industry 4.0 literature by unravelling potential issues and barriers that innovator SMEs might encounter when commercializing new products that fall into the Industry 4.0 paradigm. The article provides a novel perspective as the extant NPD literature focuses on start-ups or large corporations, while the Industry 4.0 literature has been neglecting the commercialization process.
Resocialization, labor, and resistance: imprisoned women and the production of the delinquent subject

The accelerated growth of the Brazilian prison population in recent years arouses attention to public policies aimed at recovery and rehabilitation of inmates. The objective of this article is to analyze prison practices related to constitution of the subjectivity and the forms of resistance to this constitution by incarcerated women who participate in the rehabilitation program, using the concept of dispositive as a guide for this analysis. Interviews were carried out with 36 inmates in a Women’s Penitentiary enrolled in the labor rehabilitation program. The data were produced through interviews and the study used the discourse analysis developed by Michel Foucault, seeking to analyze the practices and the economic and political functions manifest in the discourses of the incarcerated women and how these functions act in their subjective and identity construction.
Empathy as a predictor of prosocial behavior and the penalization of acts: a crosscultural comparison of Argentina and Spain

Empathy is very relevant to sociomoral development, especially in relation to prosociality and the penalization of acts as faults and crimes (sociomoral judgment). The objective of this research paper was to test whether empathy is a predictor of prosociality and the penalty of acts among young people in Argentina and Spain. The Argentinian sample comprised 215 high school and university students (67 males; average age 18.57, SD = 0.81). The Spanish sample comprised 199 university students (50 males; average age 20.48, SD = 2.75). The proposed theoretical model showed good results in both countries. In addition, the multigroup analysis showed that the proposed model is invariable in Argentina and Spain. Although empathy was observed to predict prosocial conduct more than the penalization of acts, the predictive power of empathy is significant for both dependent variables. Thus, the importance of empathy in morality is supported. This statement is valid in both Spanish-speaking countries, indicating that empathy is a human process that extends beyond cultural differences.
Biochemical and Physical Changes in Shaken Suspensions of Pasteurella pestis

WESSMAN, G. AND D. J. MILLER. Biochemical and physical changes in shaken suspensions of Pasteurella pestis. Appl. Microbiol. 14:636-642. 1966. -Pasteurella pestis, harvested after 24 to 30 hr of growth in a casein hydrolysate medium at 26 C, was resuspended and shaken in 3 % lactose-0.1 M phosphate buffer for 4 hr at the same temperature. Certain characteristics of these starved cells were compared with those of control cells. No differences in the amounts of cellular carbohydrate or lipid were detected. The concentrations of the principal free amino acids were greater in the shaken cells, except that they contained no measureable arginine, and the normally large pools of intracellular tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates were reduced. Greater viable-cell counts resulted with the cells that were shaken in lactose buffer than with the control cells when each was incubated at 5 C for several weeks. However, the reduced viabilities were apparent losses caused by the formation of aggregates of cells. The clumping of cells was caused by the polymerization of extracellular nucleic acids, principally deoxyribonucleic acid, that were excreted by the cells. Cell clumping could be par-tially prevented by prior shaking of the suspended cells, which removed some of the deleterious material, or by the action of crystalline deoxyribonuclease. diluting with 0.01 N NaOH. Total nitrogen was determined by the method of Johnson (16). Intracellular pools of free amino acids and tri- carboxylic acid cycle intermediates were assayed after extracting the cells with hot (100 C) water. Chromato- graphic determinations for amino acids were made by the method of Levy and Chung (19). Quantitative measurements were made by spectrophotometric readings on acetone eluates of the ninhydrin colored spots. The tricarboxylic acid cycle compounds were extracted for 48 hr with ether and chromatographed according to Denison and Phares (11). Conventional Warburg techniques were used for quantitative respiration studies. sterilized filtration through an ultrafine sintered-glass filter.
Missionaries Experience Mental and Spiritual Health Gains While Caring for the Poor in Residential Facilities in Jamaica

Objective: Psychological and spiritual caregiving gains in cross-cultural missionaries providing invaluable formal, unpaid, full time care at residential facilities in a remote, inner-city island setting were investigated. Method: One hundred and ten (110) Missionary caregivers of over 500 mentally and physically challenged and terminally ill children and adults in residential mission facilities completed a validated 10-item questionnaire, investigating positive aspects of caregiving and spiritual gain. Results: ANOVA on mean frequencies demonstrated significant gains in self-affirmation (p<0.001), outlook on life (p<0.001), and a strengthened relationship with God (p<0.001). Conclusion: Psychological and spiritual gains of missionaries providing vital care at residential facilities highlighted positive aspects of caregiving.
AN APPROACH TOWARDS PROTECTED AND RELIABLE STORAGE AMENITIES IN CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is the extensive imagined vision of computing as a facility, where cloud clients can unconvincingly collect their data into the cloud so as to appreciate the great excellence networks, servers, applications and services from a collective pool of configurable computing possessions. Cloud storage space enables users to distantly store their data and enjoy the on-demand high quality cloud applications without the load of local hardware and software management. The benefits of cloud computing comprise on-demand self- service, universal network access, location self-regulating resource allocation, quick resource resistance, usage- based assessing, conversion of risk. The declarations of cloud data dependability, accessibility and employing the superiority of consistent cloud storage service for users organised by means of block renew, remove, and join were accomplished by a positive and flexible distributed organisation with definite energetic data establishment. Beside the extensive passion on cloud computing, though, apprehensions on data safety with cloud storage are rising due to unpredictability of the service and malicious outbreaks from hackers. In recent times more and more proceedings on cloud service outage or server exploitation with foremost cloud organization providers are conveyed. The integration of storage correctness insurance and data error localization by utilizing the homomorphic token with distributed verification of erasure-coded data is achieved. The simultaneous identification of the misbehaving servers, whenever data corruption has been perceived during the storage correctness verification across the distributed servers can be assured.
Determination of Climate Predictor Variables Effecting on Annual Cone Harvest and Seed Yield of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) Seed Orchards

Background: Korean pine ( Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) is a native pine species of Korea. The relationship between climate conditions and seed production of Korean pine has not been clearly revealed yet compared to other pines. This study was conducted to identify climate variables that are significantly related to cone and seed production in three seed orchards of Korean pine. Methods: Regression model for cone harvest and seed yield was built using climate elements such as monthly mean temperature, monthly total precipitation, and monthly hours of sunshine as predictor variables. Results and Discussion: The seed yield model had higher predictive precision than the cone harvest. For the seed yield model, seven climate variables were associated with seven major phenological periods in the three-year reproductive cycle of the pines: long-shoot bud (LSB) bursting, LSB development, pollen and cone bud dormancy (in two years before the seeding year), flowering, pollination, seed cone dormancy (in one year before the seeding year) and cone and seed maturation (in the seeding year). Particularly, precipitation during LSB bursting two years before the seeding year was a major climate variable limiting seed yield the most. The remaining variables associated with other phenological periods were the minor ones significantly affecting the seed yield. Conclusion: The model appears to be meaningful clearly showing which climate variables are associated with the seed production of Korean pine and also to what extent they affect it. Further studies on a more advanced predictive model are needed, based on this study.
The effect of remote microphone technique and head-tracking on local active sound control

Local active sound control can potentially attenuate higher frequency noise, above about 300 Hz, at targeted regions, such as human’s ears. Specifically, for a single channel system in a dif- fuse field, the zone of quiet within which at least 10 dB of attenuation is achieved is formed around the error microphone with a diameter of about one-tenth of the acoustic wavelength. In practice, direct installation of physical error microphones at the ears seems impossible. There- fore, the signals from virtual error microphones at the targeted control regions should be esti- mated from physical monitoring microphones. Moreover, the stability and performance of a real time adaptive active control system is mainly determined by differences between pre-calculated and actual acoustic responses, which can be changed by head movements. This paper presents the integration of the remote microphone technique and a head tracker into local active control in order to improve its performance and stability. First of all, it was investigated through experiments and simulations that remotely installed monitoring microphones with an observation fil- ter can estimate the virtual error microphone signals. In addition, it was shown that as the head tracker can update the pre-calculated responses of moved head positions, the stability and performance of the local active control system with the remote microphone technique can be improved.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE PRODUCTION STIMULATED BY N-FORMYL-METHIONYL-LEUCYL-PHENYLALANINE IN GUINEA PIG MACROPHAGES AND EFFECTS OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS AND LOCAL ANESTHETICS KEIICHI MORIGUCHI AND KEI-ICHI HIRAI

peroxide (H2O2) production in peritoneal macrophages and the effects of antiinflammatory drugs and local anesthetics on it were electron cytochemically demonstrated using the cerium method. Resident peritoneal macrophages were harvested from adult male guinea pigs and treated with 5 ƒÊg/ml cytochalasin B for 15 min followed by an FMLP (1 ƒÊM) treatment for 10 min. The processed cells were incubated in a cerous medium in order to precipitate H2O2 moieties produced by the cells. FMLP induced cell aggregation, and the H2O2 production was seen on the plasma membrane sites where the cells had contacted. The reaction was markedly inhibited by p-benzoquinone and ethylenediamine-tetraacetate. Aspirin, indomethacin and lidocaine, but not dexamethasone, significantly reduced cell aggregation resulting in a decrease in the number of H2O2 productive cells. These results indicate that FMLPstimulated H2O2 production in macrophages is initiated by calcium ions and inhibited by some anti-inflammatory drugs and local anesthetics in accord with reported physiological results, and that cell-cell contact is essential to H2O2 production.
Influence of Modal Mass Participation in Damage Detection of Cable Structures

Abstract Increasing applications of large diameter and long-span cables as key structural components in cable-supported structures are becoming evident. However, these cables accumulate damage over time during their life cycle and such damage needs to be detected to avoid the detrimental influences on the serviceability and ultimate capacity of the structure. In this context, vibration-based damage detection (VBDD) methods have been used in some structures. Cable structures however exhibit complex vibration patterns, namely with vertical, lateral, torsional and coupled modes which complicate the VBDD procedure. To address this matter, this paper proposes a new approach for detecting and locating damage in cables using component-specificdamage indices (DIs) based on the modal flexibility method considering the modal mass participation. Application of this new procedure is illustrated through two case studies: (a) a suspended cable and (b) a three dimensional (3D) suspension bridge structure. Results verify that the DIs based on the lateral and vertical components of mode shapes, identified through their modal mass participation factors, are effective for detecting and locating damage in the suspended cables and main cables in a suspension bridge respectively, under a range of damage scenarios. The research outcomes of this paper confirm that the modal mass participation factor is an important signature in the damage detection of a structure using VBDD techniques.
A two-stage decomposition method on fresh product distribution problem

Refrigerator cars are widely used for fresh product distribution. The energy consumption of these vehicles is sensitive to the environment temperature, and changes continuously due to fluctuations of the environment temperature. As a result, the total refrigeration cost is influenced by the car’s departure time. To reduce operation costs of third-party transportation providers, the refrigerator car scheduling problem is addressed in this research. A time-dependent mixed-integer programming model is established to reduce total operation costs, including routing, time penalty, cargo damage and refrigeration costs. An adaptive heuristic method is proposed by combining the variable neighbourhood search and particle swarm optimisation. To improve the algorithm quality, a two-stage decomposition method is developed. The problem is divided into two echelon sub-problems. One is the shortest path problem, and the other is the departure time scheduling problem. A feedback strategy is utilised to avoid local optimal solutions and design of experiments methodology is adopted to derive the optimal parameter setting of the algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed time-dependent decision model.
Ceiba pentandra (Malvaceae) and associated species: Spiritual Keystone Species of the Neotropics 1

: Among the 18 species included in the Ceiba genus in the Malvaceae (Bombacoideae) family, Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. is not only the tallest and most widespread but also occupies the most prominent place in Neotropical cosmovisions. In this ethnobotanical review, we compare perceptions and uses of Ceiba and related species across Indigenous and Afro-descendant cultures ranging from the Caribbean to the Argentinian Chaco. Ceiba ’ s widely shared role as axis mundi (particularly in Amazonia), psychopomp, and as a shelter of major forest spirits makes it a perfect example of a Spiritual Keystone Species, a new concept inspired from the concept of Cultural Keystone Species and de ﬁ ned here for the ﬁ rst time. par la Rédaction] Mots-clés : ethnobotanique, Amazonie, Caraïbes, lupuna, samauma, mapou, capoquier, fromager, kapok.
Self-Clustering Symmetry Detection

SUMMARY This paper presents a self-clustering algorithm to detect symmetry in images. We combine correlations of orientations, scales and descriptors as a triple feature vector to evaluate each feature pair while low conﬁdence pairs are regarded as outliers and removed. Additionally, all conﬁdent pairs are preserved to extract potential symmetries since one feature point may be shared by di ﬀ erent pairs. Further, each feature pair forms one cluster and is merged and split iteratively based on the continuity in the Cartesian and concentration in the polar coordinates. Pseudo symmetric axes and outlier midpoints are eliminated during the process. Experiments demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of our algorithm visually and quantitatively. key words: symmetry detection, feature extraction, feature pair selection, iterative self-clustering
Habitat distribution modelling for reintroduction of Ilex khasiana Purk., a critically endangered tree species of northeastern India

Only ca. 3000 individuals of Ilex khasiana Purk. are surviving today. The tree species is endemic to Khasi hills of northeast India, and is critically endangered. For improving the conservation status of the species, potential area and habitat for reintroduction were predicted using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) distribu- tion modelling algorithm. The model was developed using 16 locality data in the native range of Khasi hills, and 16 environmental parameters including enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and digital elevation data. The model predicted that the suitable habitats of I. khasiana was restricted to an area of ≈ 500 km 2 in the Khasi hills of Meghalaya. The distribution of potential habitats was strongly inﬂuenced by elevation and the EVI layers for the period April–May, which corresponds to the ﬂowering phase of the species, thus indicating the importance of ﬂowering stage in determining the species distribution. Population status was positively correlated with higher model thresholds in the undisturbed habitats conﬁrming the usefulness of the habitat model in population monitoring, particularly in predicting the successful establishment of the species. The study delineated the potential habitats in the higher elevations of Khasi hills within the current home range where the species can be reintroduced. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.