Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revision of Stylarioides delle Chiaje, 1831 (Annelida: Flabelligeridae)

Abstract There has been confusion regarding the delineation of genera in the Flabelligeridae. Thus, it is not surprising that some genera like Pherusa Oken, 1807 currently include different body patterns with differing branchial and chaetal features. A revision of all materials available has allowed a standardized approach; one of its results has been the restriction of Pherusa to encompass species provided with eight branchial filaments and anchylosed neurochaetae. At the same time, Stylarioides delle Chiaje, 1831, with Stylarioides monilifer delle Chiaje, 1831, as its type species, which has been wrongly regarded as a junior synonym of other flabelligerid genera, is reinstated, restricted and revised. It includes species whose members have cylindrical bodies, often tapering into a distinct, thinner cauda, and their tunic includes a variable amount of sediment grains on their papillae. The branchiae are arranged in two lateral spirals, often transformed into a serpuloid branchia by having two lateral branchial peduncles, each with filaments arranged in spiral; the body papillae are short, and their chaetae include fine, short, multiarticulate notochaetae, and short, anchylosed neurohooks. Coppingeria Haswell, 1892, a monotypic genus defined by the presence of two branchial peduncles with spiral filaments, is regarded as a junior synonym of Stylarioides. The species included are S. monilifer from the Mediterranean Sea, S. bengalensis Fauvel, 1932, from India, S. granulosus Caullery, 1944, from the Java Sea, S. grubei n. sp. from the Red Sea, S. hirsutus Lo Bianco, 1893, from the Mediterranean Sea, S. longisetosa (Haswell, 1892) n. comb. , from Australia, S. muiri n. sp. from Tristan da Cunha, S. plantei n. sp. from Madagascar, S. saldanha (Day, 1961) n. comb. , from South Africa, S. swakopianus Augener, 1918, from Western Africa, and S. tropicus Augener, 1918, from Western Africa. Other species provided with lateral pedunculate branchiae differ from Stylarioides by having a racket-shaped peduncle, where the thin branchial filaments are separated into two lateral groups, each with filaments arranged in parallel lines. Further, their body has a truncate posterior end, larger cephalic cage chaetae, and larger notochaetae and neurohooks. For these species, Treadwellius n. gen. is proposed, with Stylarioides atentacula Hoagland, 1920, as the type species. The species included are T. atentacula (Hoagland, 1920) n. comb, from the Philippine Islands, T. bifidus (Fauvel, 1932), from the Arabian Sea, and T. gilleti n. sp. from Western Africa.
Nurses’ Well-Being, Health-Promoting Lifestyle and Work Environment Satisfaction Correlation: A Psychometric Study for Development of Nursing Health and Job Satisfaction Model and Scale

Although promoting healthy work environments to enhance staff members’ health and well-being is a growing trend, no empirical studies on such a model have been conducted in the nursing management field. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate measurement scales and a conceptual model of nurses’ well-being, health-promoting lifestyle, and work environment satisfaction (WHS). A cross-sectional survey was conducted to develop a WHS model and Nursing Health and Job Satisfaction (NHJS) scale. A total of 672 questionnaires were obtained from registered nurses by stratified random sampling for validation analysis. The percentage of total variance explained greater than 92.6%, suggesting a good ability of the scales to explain the variability in participants’ responses. The hypotheses of positive correlations among nurses’ health-promoting lifestyle, well-being, and work environment satisfaction were supported. The WHS model demonstrates the positive correlation with correlation coefficients of 0.57–0.86 among nurses’ health-promoting lifestyle, well-being, and work environment satisfaction. Nurses’ attitudes play a key role in promoting a healthy lifestyle. The most important work environment satisfaction variable for improved sense of well-being is respect from other medical staff. The findings can serve as an instrument for hospital nursing administrators to accurately assess and enhance nurses’ retention rate and health.
Broadband infrared photodetector based on nanostructured MoSe2–Si heterojunction extended up to 2.5 μm spectral range

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and their heterojunctions are drawing immense research interest for various applications including infrared detection. They are being studied with different semiconductor materials to explore their heterojunction properties. In this regard, we report a MoSe2/Si heterojunction broadband photodiode which is highly sensitive for a wide spectral range from 405 nm to 2500 nm wavelength with the maximum responsivity of ∼522 mA W−1 for 1100 nm of incident light. The hydrothermal synthesis approach leads to the imperfect growth of the MoSe2, creating defects in the lattice, which was confirmed by x-ray photo-spectroscopy. These sub-bandgap defects caused high optical absorption of the SWIR light as observed in the absorption spectra. The speed of the device ranges to 18/10 μs for 10 kHz modulated light. Furthermore, the photodetector has been fully operational even at zero bias voltage, making it a potential contender for self-powered photodetection.
Offspring Size Variation in Eastern Mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki: Poeciliidae) from Contrasting Thermal Environments

Seasonal patterns of offspring size variation in eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki, Poeciliidae) are described from a thermally ambient environment and an unpredictable, thermally elevated system in South Carolina. Newborn mosquitofish (n = 1371) were individually lengthed and weighed shortly after birth; mean offspring size (both length and dry weight) varies among females, seasons, and thermal environments. Size variance was high in all cases but less than half was explainable by environment, season, maternal size, or clutch size; environment and season explain the most variation. Although offspring size is certainly subject to selection (i.e., optimality arguments) and even size variation may be selected for (i.e., plasticity arguments) it should not be overlooked that some portion of variation may be due to uncontrollable "noise" (i.e., the female cannot precisely control offspring size). All three aspects of size variation in mosquitofish remain to be tested. ONE focus of life history studies is the evolution of offspring size. Possible fitness differences among different sized offspring, and relationships between offspring size, clutch size and other life history parameters have resulted in divergent views of the action of selection on
The Role of Laparoscopic Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Suspected Choledocholithiasis. A Single-Center Experience

Background and objectives: Opinions differ regarding the optimal diagnostic methods for patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of laparoscopic ultrasonography (LUS) and compare it to pre-operative magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP); Materials and Methods: In all patients with suspected choledocholithiasis LUS was performed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy to evaluate biliary stones. According to availability, part of the patients had pre-operative MRCP. Data for diagnostic accuracy and main outcomes were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively; Results: Choledocholithiasis was detected in 178 of 297 patients by LUS (59.93%) and in 39 of 87 patients by MRCP (44.8%), p = 0.041. LUS yielded a sensitivity of 99.4%, a specificity of 94.3%, a positive predictive value of 96.1% and a negative predictive value of 99.1%. However, pre-operative MRCP had a sensitivity of 61.7%, a specificity of 92.3%, a positive predictive value of 94.9% and a negative predictive value of 51.1%. Moreover, of the 47 patients with no choledocholithiasis by MRCP, in 23 cases it was later detected by LUS (a false negative MRCP finding—38.3%), p < 0.001. Median duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter in patients evaluated without pre-operative MRCP—8 days (interquartile range – IQR 11–6) vs. 11 days (IQR 14–9), p = 0.001; Conclusions: LUS may reduce the role of pre-operative MRCP and can become a rational alternative to MRCP as a primary imaging technique for the detection of choledocholithiasis.
Optimized Forecasting Method for Weekly Influenza Confirmed Cases

Influenza epidemic is a serious threat to the entire world, which causes thousands of death every year and can be considered as a public health emergency that needs to be more addressed and investigated. Forecasting influenza incidences or confirmed cases is very important to do the necessary policies and plans for governments and health organizations. In this paper, we present an enhanced adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to forecast the weekly confirmed influenza cases in China and the USA using official datasets. To overcome the limitations of the original ANFIS, we use two metaheuristics, called flower pollination algorithm (FPA) and sine cosine algorithm (SCA), to enhance the prediction of the ANFIS. The proposed FPASCA-ANFIS is evaluated using two datasets collected from the CDC and WHO websites. Furthermore, it was compared to some previous state-of-the-art approaches. Experimental results confirmed that the FPASCA-ANFIS outperformed the compared methods using variant measures, including RMSRE, MAPE, MAE, and R2.
Bat Species Composition in Three Localities in the Amazon Basin

We compared the bat species composition of three localities in the Brazilian Amazon: continuous forest and fragments at Alter do Chão, Santarém, an area not previously sampled, and continuous forest in two relatively well studied areas, Manaus and Belém. The number of species captured at each locality varied between 17 and 42. Most species occurred at high abundance in continuous forest in the three localities, but only a subset was common in the fragments at Santarém. The relative abundance of bat species in Santarém is different from other localities sampled in the Amazon Basin and the presence of forest fragments may be the most important factor contributing to this difference. Multidi-mensional scaling ordination of sites based on relative abundance indicated distinct assemblages of bat species in the forest fragments in Santarém, and little differentiation of continuous-forest sites from sites in other localities. Continuous forests at Santarém and near Belém were more similar to each other than to continuous forest near Manaus, indicating the possibility of an east-west gradient in bat communities in the Amazon.
Food habits and abundance of larval freshwater drum in a South Central Nebraska irrigation reservoir

During certain times of the year high densities of larval fish can impact the aquatic community. The specific role of freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) is not known but larval freshwater drum can be abundant in some systems and have been shown to feed on zooplankton. To assist with understanding the role larval freshwater drum play in reservoirs, we investigated changes in peak abundance from 2003–2010 in addition to food habits and prey electivity in 2008 in a South Central Nebraska reservoir. We found that larval freshwater drum abundance varied 100-fold during this study. Cladocerans were an important food item for larval freshwater drum. Freshwater drum >10 mm total length selected for Daphnia spp. (46–80 % of organisms found in stomach), while freshwater drum ≤10 mm total length selected for Bosmina spp. (37% of organisms found in stomach), which is a less common group of zooplankton in this reservoir. All larval freshwater drum showed a negative selectivity for copepod nauplii (the Strauss index value of ≤−0.35 for all length groups). Based on the food habits described in this study, larval freshwater drum have the potential to compete with larval sport fish species for desirable zooplankton (ie, Daphnia spp.).
How repeated exposure to informal science education affects content knowledge of and perspectives on science among incarcerated adults

Over two million men, women, and youth are incarcerated in the United States. This large and ethnically diverse population has, in general, more limited exposure to education, particularly in scientific fields, than the general public. Formal educational programs for the incarcerated can be expensive and logistically difficult to initiate and maintain, but informal science education (ISE) approaches have the potential to significantly improve inmates’ view of science and of themselves as science learners. However, “dosage effects”—how repeated exposure to educational experiences may affect listeners–are poorly documented. In this study, we evaluated the longitudinal effects of an ISE program in Utah, which provided a monthly lecture series delivered by academic scientists on a range of science topics. Science content knowledge, self-perception as a science learner, interest in science, and a desire to seek out more scientific information all significantly improved for inmates attending lectures. We also found that seeing a greater number of lectures is positively associated with a desire to seek out additional information. We documented an inverse relationship between education background and the increase in a desire to learn more, suggesting that those with more limited exposure to science manifest the greatest increase in seeking out more information. These results suggest that ISE for the incarcerated significantly improves their knowledge of, and relationship with, science; that some of these effects carry over across months or years; and that ISE programs can have the largest impact by focusing on those with more limited prior exposure to science.
Fungal Pigments: Potential Coloring Compounds for Wide Ranging Applications in Textile Dyeing

Synthetic pigments/non-renewable coloring sources used normally in the textile industry release toxic substances into the environment, causing perilous ecological challenges. To be safer from such challenges of synthetic colorants, academia and industries have explored the use of natural colorants such as microbial pigments. Such explorations have created a fervent interest among textile stakeholders to undertake the dyeing of textile fabrics, especially with fungal pigments. The biodegradable and sustainable production of natural colorants from fungal sources stand as being comparatively advantageous to synthetic dyes. The prospective scope of fungal pigments has emerged in the opening of many new avenues in textile colorants for wide ranging applications. Applying the biotechnological processes, fungal pigments like carotenoids, melanins, flavins, phenazines, quinones, monascins, violacein, indigo, etc. could be extracted on an industrial scale. This review appraises the studies and applications of various fungal pigments in dyeing textile fabrics and is furthermore shedding light on the importance of toxicity testing, genetic manipulations of fungal pigments, and their future perspectives under biotechnological approaches.
SSCP analysis of Citrus tristeza virus protectives isolates in Pêra sweet orange clones under northern Paraná state, Brazil conditions.

Aiming to evaluate the performance of different clones of Pera sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck cv. Pera) constituting Parana’s orchards, in relation to different pathogens, leading to the installation of an experimental orchard in northern region. This study evaluated clones performance of Pera Vacinada and Pera Bianchi sweet oranges, in relation to the citrus tristeza, by analyzing the disease symptomatology. The stability of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) mild and protective isolate present in these plants were studied over the years of the experiment using the SSCP (Single strand conformation polymorphism) technique. The tristeza symptoms were assessed by vegetative growth and stem pitting intensity in the trunks and branches. The molecular characterization by SSCP analysis, dsRNA (double-stranded RNA), was used to reverse transcription and CP (coat protein gene) by polymerase amplification chain reaction (PCR) and then subjected to electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. The tristeza symptoms assessment indicated that the clones did not differ in the intensity of stem pitting, size and canopy volume. Grades in stem pitting attributed to the trunks and branches ranged 0-2, indicating a severity of weak to moderate reaction in plants. For SSCP analysis, no difference was observed among cultivars, suggesting that mild isolates presence allowed normal plants development. There was a complex pattern of bands in all isolates, generating four to eight bands in the electrophoretic profiles, suggesting the presence of two to four haplotypes composing CTV isolates, some differing only by the absence of an intermediate band, which cannot have been transferred by propagation grafting. However, SSCP isolates clones patterns from Pera Vacinada and Pera Bianchi were not identical to any severe controls. The results suggested that the protective isolates which were inoculated in pre-immunization (IAC Pera) and established by natural infection of the virus (Pera Bianchi) contributed to plants good performance assessed by tristeza symptomatology and by SSCP analysis, showed stability of protective isolates in Pera sweet orange, which has been maintained over years of experiment.
Effects of growth and virulence of associated blue‐stain fungi on host colonization behaviour of the pine shoot beetles Tomicus minor and T. piniperda

The pine shoot beetles Tomicus minor and T. piniperda are common in the Nordic countries. Of these, T. piniperda may attack and kill living but severely stressed trees, whereas T. minor has never been reported to be individually responsible for killing live trees. Both species are associated with blue-stain fungi: T. minor with Ophiostoma canum and T. piniperda with Leptographium wingfieldii and Ophiostoma minus. The growth of these fungi was studied in phloem and sapwood of live Scots pine trees, on malt agar, and on malt agar under oxygen-deficient conditions. Leptographium wingfieldii was more virulent (i.e. caused more extensive host symptoms) grew more quickly on malt agar, and was less affected by oxygen-deficient growth conditions than either O. minus or O. canum. Ophiostoma canum was least virulent. In low-density inoculations it induced lesions similar to those induced by sterile control inoculations; it grew very slowly on malt agar and stopped growing after <30 mm under oxygen-deficient conditions. Ophiostoma minus was intermediate in all respects. The different virulence of the blue-stain fungi associated with the two pine shoot beetles may explain the lower level of aggressiveness in T. minor.
Community dynamics of duckweed-associated bacteria upon inoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria.

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have recently been demonstrated as a promising agent to improve wastewater treatment and biomass production efficiency of duckweed hydrocultures. For their reliable use in aqueous environments, this study analyzed the plant colonization dynamics of PGPB and its ecological consequence on the entire duckweed-associated bacterial communities. A PGPB strain, Aquitalea magnusonii H3, was inoculated to duckweed at different cell densities or timings in the presence of three environmental bacterial communities. The results showed that strain H3 improved duckweed growth by 11.7-32.1% in five out of nine experiments. Quantitative-PCR and amplicon sequencing analyses showed that strain H3 successfully colonized duckweed after 1 and 3 d of inoculations in all cultivation tests. However, it significantly decreased in numbers after 7 d, and similar bacterial communities were observed on duckweed regardless of H3 inoculation. Predicted metagenome analysis suggested that genes related to bacterial chemotactic motility and surface attachment system are consistently enriched through community assembly on duckweed. Taken together, strain H3 dominantly colonized duckweed for a short period and improved duckweed growth. However, the inoculation of the PGPB did not have a lasting impact due to the strong resilience of natural duckweed microbiome.
Diminished Circadian Variation in Heart Rate Variability before Surgery in Patients Developing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation

Objective - To evaluate the role of the autonomic nervous system for the development of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass surgery. Design - Eighty patients without a previous history of AF were included. The sympathetic and parasympathetic activity were evaluated by the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in the frequency domain from 24-h Holter recordings and by measuring neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y, chromogranin A, chromogranin B, and pancreatic polypeptide (PP)) and catecholamines, obtained pre- and postoperatively. Results - Preoperatively, patients (36.3%) developing AF postoperatively showed a statistically significant less circadian variation in the HRV variables, the high-frequency (HF) component ( p = 0.013) and the low-frequency (LF)/HF ratio ( p = 0.007), than patients remaining in sinus rhythm. The HF component and PP, both reflecting parasympathetic activity, and all other variables in the frequency domain, decreased significantly after surgery in both patient groups ( p < 0.0001). Although catecholamines increased significantly postoperatively in both patient groups, neither catecholamines nor neuropeptides expressing sympathetic activity, differed between the two groups. PP was, however, significantly higher in patients with postoperative AF than in those with sinus rhythm post-operatively on day 1. Conclusion - The diminished circadian variation in HRV before surgery and the indirect signs of a higher parasympathetic activity in patients developing postoperative AF compared with patients remaining in sinus rhythm, may indicate a propensity for AF.
Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB-dependent Transcription by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Is Mediated through Phosphorylation of RelA/p65 on Serine 529*

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is an essential transcription factor in the control of expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. In unstimulated cells, NF-κB complexes are sequestered in the cytoplasm through interactions with IκBα and other IκB proteins. Extracellular stimuli that activate NF-κB, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), cause rapid phosphorylation of IκBα at serines 32 and 36. The inducible phosphorylation of IκBα is followed by its ubiquitination and degradation, allowing NF-κB complexes to translocate into the nucleus and to activate gene expression. Previously, it has been shown that TNFα as well as other stimuli also lead to the phosphorylation of the RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB. In this report, we demonstrate that the TNFα-induced phosphorylation of the RelA/p65 subunit occurs on serine 529, which is in the C-terminal (TA1) transactivation domain. Accordingly, the TNFα-induced phosphorylation of Rel/p65 increases NF-κB transcriptional activity but does not affect nuclear translocation or DNA binding affinity.