Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic Analysis of the Diversity of DNA Viruses in the Surface and Deep Sea of the South China Sea

A metagenomic analysis of the viral community from five surface and five deep sea water (>2000 m below the surface, mbs) samples collected from the central basin of the South China Sea and adjacent Northwest Pacific Ocean during July–August 2017 was conducted herein. We builded up a South China Sea DNA virome (SCSV) dataset of 29,967 viral Operational Taxonomic Units (vOTUs), which is comparable to the viral populations from the original Tara Ocean and Malaspina expeditions. The most abundant and widespread viral populations were from the uncultivated viruses annotated from the viral metagenomics. Only 74 and 37 vOTUs have similarity with the reported genomes from the cultivated viruses and the single-virus genomics, respectively. The community structures of deep sea viromes in the SCSV were generally different from the surface viromes. The carbon flux and nutrients (PO4 and NOx) were related to the surface and deep sea viromes in the SCSV, respectively. In the SCSV, the annotated vOTUs could be affiliated to the cultivated viruses mainly including Pelagibacter (SAR11) phage HTVC010P, Prochlorococcus phages (P-GSP1, P-SSM4, and P-TIM68), Cyanophages (MED4-184 and MED4-117) and Mycobacterium phages (Sparky and Squirty). It indicated that phage infection to the SAR11 cluster may occur ubiquitously and has significant impacts on bathypelagic SAR11 communities in the deep sea. Meanwhile, as Prochlorococcus is prominently distributed in the euphotic ocean, the existence of their potential phages in the deep sea suggested the sedimentation mechanism might contribute to the formation of the deep sea viromes. Intriguingly, the presence of Mycobacterium phages only in the deep sea viromes, suggests inhabitance of endemic viral populations in the deep sea viromes in the SCSV. This study provided an insight of the viral community in the South China Sea and for the first time uncovered the deep sea viral diversity in the central basin of the South China Sea.
Modulation and Control of Energy Feedback Voltage Source Inverter and Matrix Converter

In this research work, the modulation and control of energy feedback voltage source inverters and matrix converters are investigated. This paper analyzes the basic principle of the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), and proposes a unified and simplified modulation algorithm as a pulse width modulation method for voltage source inverters and matrix converters. Using the proposed unified model of modulation, several additional contributions are developed for voltage source inverters and matrix converters. Carrier-based discontinuous space vector pulse width modulation (DSVPWM) method for voltage source inverters and matrix converters are proposed. Based on the relationship between SVPWM and carrier based modulation, a simplified DSVPWM method for threephase inverters and matrix converters is introduced by skillfully arranging two zero voltage vectors. In this method, the conventional space vector modulator with equal division of zero voltage vector time is modified to generate different discontinuous modulating waves. A simple SVPWM scheme for operating three-phase voltage source inverters at higher modulation indexes, including overmodulation region, is proposed. Based on the study of existing overmodulation techniques published in literatures, two two-mode and two singlemode strategies based on simplified SVPWM overmodulation algorithms are proposed which can manage smooth transition from the linear control range to six-step operation. An analysis and uniform compensation of dead-time effect in three-phase multi-level diode clamped voltage source inverters and matrix converters are proposed. This paper analyzes dead-time effects and proposes an approximate solution based on characteristics of simplified SVPWM. The approximation is a result of avoiding the need to determine output current direction. The value of dead time is adjusted online by the magnitude of
Integrated Frequency-Reconfigurable Slot Antenna and Connected Slot Antenna Array for 4G and 5G Mobile Handsets

A dual-function slot antenna at microwave and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band is proposed. The design consists of a slot printed on the edge of the structure ground plane. A short-circuited varactor diode (VAR) is used to achieve the frequency tunability from 2.05 to 2.7 GHz (4G, WLAN) with a maximum realized gain of 4.5 dBi. For mm-waveband, the slot works as a connected slot antenna array (CSAA) by using eight periodic feeders with a wide bandwidth of 23–29 GHz (5G) and a maximum realized gain of 12.5 dBi. To enhance the functionality, two slots are orthogonally arranged for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) application. The whole structure is implemented using Rogers 5880 substrate with a board size of $70\times 60\times 0.381$ mm3. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and isolation are calculated, showing satisfactory MIMO characteristics. The minimum ECC value is 0.01, while the isolation is more than 20 dB among different feeding ports. Due to the integration of 4G and 5G operations into a single narrow slot, the proposed antenna system is compact, simple, and planar in structure and, thus, attractive for future mobile handheld devices.
SOLAR: Wrap up after 9 years of successful operations on the ISS

After exactly 9 years of operations, the SOLAR mission ended on 15 February 2017. This was an extraordinary achievement knowing the mission duration was originally foreseen for only 1.5 years! SOLAR is a payload of the European Space Agency, mounted on one of the external platforms of the Columbus module of the International Space Station (ISS). The SOLAR platform hosts three instruments build to observe the solar irradiance in the wavelength range 17 to 3080nm. B.USOC is the Belgian User Support Operations Centre that conducted the operations for SOLAR throughout the whole mission. Over these 9 years, the operations team gained valuable experience in the planning, implementation and execution of the operations of this external payload, coordinating the mission with the scientists and the flight control teams of the different International Partners. This paper will first briefly present the SOLAR payload and then focus on the SOLAR mission as experienced by the B.USOC. The evolution of the operational concept will be outlined, highlighting achievements and encountered challenges and how these were overcome. The paper will be concluded with some valuable lessons learned that can only be gathered through solid experience such as only an end-to-end mission can bring.
Grid turbulence near the grid

In grid turbulence, not so far behind the grid, an average flow can be observed with a close to sinusoidal velocity profile, corresponding to the wakes behind the grid bars. The kinetic energy of this mean flow decays rapidly and a close to isotropic flow is observed further downstream. We show how these wakes behind the grid-bars influence the downstream turbulence. In particular, we investigate the decay rate of kinetic energy, the behavior of the normalized dissipation rate, and the sensitivity of the flow on initial conditions. We show that the initial value of the ratio of the lengthscale of the turbulence to the mesh-size determines the precise decay of the mean-flow and the generation of the turbulent kinetic energy. We further show how a simple turbulence model can estimate the degree of non-equilibrium of a flow.
A generic framework for approximation analysis of greedy algorithms for star bicoloring

This paper presents a generic framework for the design and comparison of polynomial-time approximation algorithms for MINIMUM STAR BICOLORING. This generic framework is parameterized by algorithms which produce sequences of distance-2 independent sets. As our main technical result we show that, when the parameterized algorithm produces sequences of distance-2 independent sets that remove at least edges during each step, the generic framework produces a polynomial-time approximation algorithm for MINIMUM STAR BICOLORING that is always at least of optimal. Under the generic framework, we model two algorithms for MINIMUM STAR BICOLORING from the literature: Complete Direct Cover (CDC) [Hossain and Steihaug, Computing a sparse Jacobian matrix by rows and columns, Optim. Methods Softw. 10 (1998), pp. 33–48] and ASBC [Juedes and Jones, Coloring Jacobians revisited: A new algorithm for star and acyclic bicoloring, Optim. Methods Softw. 27(1–3) (2012), pp. 295–309]. We apply our main result to show approximation upper bounds of and , respectively, for these two algorithms. Our approximation upper bound for CDC is the first known approximation analysis for this algorithm. In addition to modelling CDC and ASBC, we use the generic framework to build and analyze three new approximation algorithms for MINIMUM STAR BICOLORING: MAX-NEIGHBORHOOD, MAX-RATIO , and LOCAL-SEARCH-k .
Development of new cytogenetic markers for Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Z.-W. Liu & R.-C. Wang

Thinopyrum ponticum (Podpěra, 1902) Z. -W. Liu & R. -C.Wang, 1993 is an important polyploid wild perennial Triticeae species that is widely used as a source of valuable genes for wheat but its genomic constitution has long been debated. For its chromosome identification, only a limited set of FISH probes has been used. The development of new cytogenetic markers for Th. ponticum chromosomes is of great importance both for cytogenetic characterization of wheat-wheatgrass hybrids and for fundamental comparative studies of phylogenetic relationships between species. Here, we report on the development of five cytogenetic markers for Th. ponticum based on repetitive satellite DNA of which sequences were selected from the whole genome sequence of Aegilops tauschii Cosson, 1849. Using real-time quantitative PCR we estimated the abundance of the found repeats: P720 and P427 had the highest abundance and P132, P332 and P170 had lower quantity in Th. ponticum genome. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) we localized five repeats to different regions of the chromosomes of Th. ponticum. Using reprobing multicolor FISH we colocalized the probes between each other. The distribution of these found repeats in the Triticeae genomes and its usability as cytogenetic markers for chromosomes of Th. ponticum are discussed.
Search for intermediate mass black hole binaries in the first observing run of Advanced LIGO

During their first observational run, the two Advanced LIGO detectors attained an unprecedented sensitivity, resulting in the first direct detections of gravitational-wave signals produced by stellar-mass binary black hole systems. This paper reports on an all-sky search for gravitational waves (GWs) from merging intermediate mass black hole binaries (IMBHBs). The combined results from two independent search techniques were used in this study: the first employs a matched-filter algorithm that uses a bank of filters covering the GW signal parameter space, while the second is a generic search for GW transients (bursts). No GWs from IMBHBs were detected; therefore, we constrain the rate of several classes of IMBHB mergers. The most stringent limit is obtained for black holes of individual mass 100 M⊙, with spins aligned with the binary orbital angular momentum. For such systems, the merger rate is constrained to be less than 0.93 Gpc^(−3) yr^(−1) in comoving units at the 90% confidence level, an improvement of nearly 2 orders of magnitude over previous upper limits.
Numerical Calculation Method of Deflection Deformation of Rice Stalk

This paper deals with the numerical calculation method of deflection deformation of rice stalks. Due to large deflection of rice stalks caused by reel operation, it is improper to adopt the conventional formula that is usually used in small deflection calculation to fit rice stalk deformation curves. Therefore, a large deflection calculation formula in combination with Simpson’s formula was utilized to compute flexural rigidity (EI) and to fit curves. The experiments were conducted under different loads (0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, and 0.07 N) on a self-established deflection testing rig to verify this method. As a result, the measured results corresponded considerably to ones predicted by this method; furthermore, the flexural rigidity was maintained at a stable level under different loads. This study can provide the basis for establishing a complete deformation model of rice plant and can also be applied in deflection calculation of other stalk crops.
Distance-Thresholded Intercapillary Area Analysis Versus Vessel-Based Approaches to Quantify Retinal Ischemia in OCTA

Purpose To develop and compare different analytic approaches for quantifying ischemia in OCT-angiography (OCTA), including vessel-based approaches and intercapillary area analysis. Methods En face OCTA (6 × 6) images of the superficial plexus of 20 healthy eyes and 20 eyes with different ischemic retinal diseases were analyzed retrospectively. Included retinal diseases were diabetic retinopathy (n = 9), central (n = 5) and branch retinal vein occlusion (n = 4), hypertensive retinopathy (n = 1), and occlusive retinal vasculitis in sarcoidosis (n = 1). Vessel-based approaches consisted of the mean gray scale, perfusion density, and vessel density. Intercapillary areas (ICAs) were analyzed measuring the distance of each intercapillary pixel from the surrounding vessels. In particular, we applied a vector method to measure the shortest, the mean, and the longest distance in eight predefined directions. Size of ICAs was determined applying different global or local distance thresholds. Results All approaches revealed significant differences between ischemic and healthy retinae (P < 0.001, with Bonferroni-Holm correction P = 0.001–0.025; Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). Discrimination between the healthy and ischemic retinae based on ROC curves was best in the ICA analysis using a locally set threshold of the shortest distance. Conclusions In the present study, ICA analysis was superior to vessel-based approaches in the quantification of retinal ischemia when defining a local or global distance threshold. Translational Relevance In order to establish OCTA imaging in everyday clinical and scientific practice, standardized, device-independent image analysis methods are necessary.
A Seasonally Coherent Calibration (SCC) Model for Postprocessing Numerical Weather Predictions

Statistical calibration of forecasts from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models aims to produce forecasts that are unbiased, reliable in ensemble spread, and as skillful as possible. We suggest that the calibrated forecasts should also be coherent in climatology, including seasonality, consistent with observations. This is especially important when forecasts approach climatology as forecast skill becomes low, such as at long lead times. However, it is challenging to achieve these aims when data available to establish sophisticated calibration models are limited. Many NWP models have only a short period of archived data, typically one year or less, when they become officially operational. In this paper, we introduce a seasonally coherent calibration (SCC) model for working effectively with limited archived NWP data. Detailed rationale and mathematical formulations are presented. In the development of the model, three issues are resolved. These are 1) constructing a calibration model that is sophisticated enough to allow for seasonal variation in the statistical characteristics of raw forecasts and observations, 2) bringing climatology that is representative of long-term statistics into the calibration model, and 3) reducing the number of model parameters through sensible reparameterization to make the model workable with short NWP dataset. A case study is conducted to examine model assumptions and evaluate model performance. We find that the model assumptions are sound, and the developed SCC model produces well-calibrated forecasts.
Solving Helmholtz Equation with Local Fractional Derivative Operators

The paper presents a new analytical method called the local fractional Laplace variational iteration method (LFLVIM), which is a combination of the local fractional Laplace transform (LFLT) and the local fractional variational iteration method (LFVIM), for solving the two-dimensional Helmholtz and coupled Helmholtz equations with local fractional derivative operators (LFDOs). The operators are taken in the local fractional sense. Two test problems are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed method. The approximate solutions obtained are compared with the results obtained by the local fractional Laplace decomposition method (LFLDM). The results reveal that the LFLVIM is very effective and convenient to solve linear and nonlinear PDEs.
Describing NC Smooth Path Based on the Adjustable Form of the Cubic Spline Interpolation Function

In order to describe the NC processing path better, and easy to realize path in a smooth transition of inflection point, this paper puts forward a kind of adjustable form of the cubic spline interpolation function; using the function can describe line, arc and freecurve, and realize smooth transition of inflection point through the control points which near the inflexion point. The spline function is of cubic polynomial, which calculation is simple, and it is easy to realize the operation of fast interpolation; it not only can describe various of NC paths, but also can be easy to realize the high speed of smooth processing between the NC orbit segments, which meets the needs of modern numerical control system for high speed, stability and flexible.
MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FOR KHARIF RICE YIELD PREDICTION INTEGRATING MULTI-TEMPORAL VEGETATION INDICES AND WEATHER AND NON-WEATHER VARIABLES

Abstract. The development of kharif rice yield prediction models was attempted through Machine Learning approaches such as Artificial Neural Network and Random Forest for the 42 blocks covering 13,141 sq km upland rainfed area of Purulia and Bankura district, West Bengal. Models were developed integrating monthly NDVI with weather and non-weather variables at block-level for the period 2006 to 2015. The model correlation obtained was 0.702 with MSE 0.01. Though the weather variables vs NDVI models are quite satisfactory, NDVI vs kharif rice yield models however, show relatively less correlation, about 0.6 revealing the requirement of varied additional farmer-controlled inputs. Development of NDVI vs crop yield models for different crop growth stages or fortnightly over a larger data set with selective adding of weather and non-weather variables to NDVI would be the most appropriate.
Resonant nonlinear refraction of 4.3-μm light in 
CO2
 gas

We use time- and frequency-resolved measurements of self-focusing and self-defocusing of 4.3-\ensuremath{\mu}m radiation in ${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$ gas to study the resonant nonlinear optical response in the vicinity of individual rovibrational lines. Measurements over a range of lines on the $4P$ and $4R$ branch of the 000-001 transition indicate that the nonlinear response of ${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$ is strongly affected by power broadening, resulting in a sign reversal of the nonlinearity as compared to that of a saturable two-level system.
Performance assessment of long-legged tightly-baffled divertor geometries in the ARC reactor concept

Extremely intense power exhaust channels are projected for tokamak-based fusion power reactors; a means to handle them remains to be demonstrated. Advanced divertor configurations have been proposed as potential solutions. Recent modelling of tightly baffled, long-legged divertor geometries for the divertor test tokamak concept, ADX, has shown that these concepts may access passively stable, fully detached regimes over a broad range of parameters. The question remains as to how such divertors may perform in a reactor setting. To explore this, numerical simulations are performed with UEDGE for the long-legged divertor geometry proposed for the ARC pilot plant conceptual design—a device with projected heat flux power width () of 0.4 mm and power exhaust of 93 MW—first for a simplified Super-X divertor configuration (SXD) and then for the actual X-point target divertor (XPTD) being proposed. It is found that the SXD, combined with 0.5% fixed-fraction neon impurity concentration, can produce passively stable, detached divertor regimes for power exhausts in the range of 80–108 MW—fully accommodating ARC’s power exhaust. The XPTD configuration is found to reduce the strike-point temperature by a factor of ∼10 compared to the SXD for small separations (∼1.4) between main and divertor X-point magnetic flux surfaces. Even greater potential reductions are identified for reducing separations to ∼1 or less. The power handling response is found to be insensitive to the level of cross-field convective or diffusive transport assumed in the divertor leg. By raising the separatrix density by a factor of 1.5, stable fully detached divertor solutions are obtained that fully accommodate the ARC exhaust power without impurity seeding. To our knowledge, this is the first time an impurity-free divertor power handling scenario has been obtained in edge modelling for a tokamak fusion power reactor with of 0.4 mm.
Translation Procedures of Economic Article from English into Indonesian

This research aims to analyze the translation procedures of economic articles from English into Indonesian by the fourth semester students 2020/2021 in STBA JIA. The data will be analyzed by the theory of Vinay and Darbelnet about translation procedures. This research is qualitative research with descriptive analysis, which gives more attention on how deep the translation’s knowledge towards the concept which was being learned and how the theory is used to translate the article. The data of the research is the final test of translation class which economic articles become the data source that are translated by the student. The result of the analysis shows that some procedures are used by students to get the acceptable meaning in Indonesian language. From the analysis, it is found that basically all the students gradually can translate well after having many translation practices.
Bioremediation of Oil Spills on Land

Bioremediation can be a viable mechanism for treating soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. Bioremediation strategies range from encouraging natural biodegradation processes (biostimulation), to supplementing the existing system with microorganisms able to degrade the contamination (bioaugmentation), to monitoring and verifying natural processes (natural attenuation). Application of bioremediation technologies are customized to specific site characteristics, as contaminated soil may be excavated for on- or off-site treatment at surface facilities (ex situ) or treated in place (in situ). In situ technologies are often cost-effective, but delivery and mixing of stimulants with the microorganisms and contaminants is challenging. Ex situ technologies allow for greater process control, but soil excavation is costly, disruptive, and increases exposure to contaminants. Microorganisms capable of degrading petroleum hydrocarbons have been found to be prolific in the subsurface. Environmental conditions can also be paramount for effective biodegradation; temperature, pH, salinity, nutrients, moisture, and redox condition may be altered to enhance or accelerate treatment. Biosurfactants may also provide an additional means of improving treatment by increasing the surface area of hydrophobic hydrocarbon compounds, thus increasing exposure to microorganisms. Bioremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons provides a flexible, cost-effective, environmentally sustainable treatment strategy that can be tailored to site-specific conditions and requirements.