Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental determination of H 2 O and CO 2 solubilities of mafic alkaline magmas from Canary Islands

We present new H2O and CO2 solubility data in mafic to intermediate alkaline magmas from Fasnia and Garachico volcanoes, Tenerife. H2Oand CO2-saturated experiments were conducted at ∼50–400 MPa, 1200 °C, and f O2 from 2 log units below the NiNiO solid buffer to 3.2 log units above it. Although existing solubility models for alkali-rich mafic magmas broadly describe H2O and CO2 behaviour, associated errors are worthy of consideration since they usually exceed 15– 20%. For this reason, we have determined the specific solubility laws of basanitic and phonotephritic melts from the Canary Islands. Results show similar H2O solubilities for both compositions, whereas the basanite can dissolve an average of ∼45% more CO2 than the phonotephrite. By combining these data, we have established a simple empirical model that allows us to calculate melt inclusion entrapment pressures accurately and, therefore, better understand the inner workings of volcanic oceanic islands. Application to El Hierro 2011–2012 and young (<20 ka) basanites from this location shows that previous barometric estimates were, on average, overestimated by 15–28%. Our results suggest that magmas rising from depth experienced a first but short episode of equilibration at 8– 10 km, whereas the bulk of the crystallization occurred during the subsequent dyke injection, ascent, and degassing at P ⇐ 200 MPa (6–1.5 km).
STT-BSNN: An In-Memory Deep Binary Spiking Neural Network Based on STT-MRAM

This paper proposes an in-memory binary spiking neural network (BSNN) based on spin-transfer-torque magnetoresistive RAM (STT-MRAM). We propose residual BSNN learning using a surrogate gradient that shortens the time steps in the BSNN while maintaining sufficient accuracy. At the circuit level, presynaptic spikes are fed to memory units through differential bit lines (BLs), while binarized weights are stored in a subarray of nonvolatile STT-MRAM. When the common inputs are fed through BLs, vector-to-matrix multiplication can be performed in a single memory sensing phase, hence achieving massive parallelism with low power and low latency. We further introduce the concept of a dynamic threshold to reduce the implementation complexity of synapses and neuron circuitry. This adjustable threshold also permits a nonlinear batch normalization (BN) function to be incorporated into the integrate-and-fire (IF) neuron circuit. The circuitry greatly improves the overall performance and enables high regularity in circuit layouts. Our proposed netlist circuits are built on a 65-nm CMOS with a fitted magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) model for performance evaluation. The hardware/software cosimulation results indicate that the proposed design can deliver a performance of 176.6 TOPS/W for an in-memory computing (IMC) subarray size of 1×288. The classification accuracy reaches 97.92% (83.85%) on the MNIST (CIFAR-10) dataset. The impacts of the device nonidealities and process variations are also thoroughly covered in the analysis.
Automatic Electroencephalogram Artifact Removal Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) is a non-invasive measure of brain activity. It is widely used in several applications including cognitive tasks, sleep stage detection, and seizure prediction. When recorded over several hours, this signal is usually corrupted by noisy disturbances such as experimental errors, environmental interferences, and physiological artifacts. These may generate confounding factors and, therefore, lead to false results. Models able to minimise EEG artifacts are then necessary for improving further analysis and application. In this work, we developed an EEG artifact removal model based on deep convolutional neural networks. The proposed approach was applied on long-term EEGs, acquired from epileptic patients, available in the EPILEPSIAE database. The main goal of our work is to develop a model able to automatically and quickly remove artifacts from EEGs. To develop it, we used EEG segments, manually preprocessed by experts and named target EEG segments. Our approach was evaluated comparing denoised segments with the target segments. Furthermore, we compared our approach with other artifact removal models. Results show that the developed model was able to attenuate the influence of artifacts, present in long-term EEG signals, in a similar way to that performed by experts. Additionally, results evidence that our approach performs better than other artifact removal models, combining a minor reconstruction error with a fast processing. Being a fully automatic and fast model that does not require reference artifact templates, turns it suitable, for example, for continuous preprocessing of long-term electroencephalogram for sleep staging or seizure prediction.
The Finite Element Analysis of Modular Hole of the Lateral Longitudinal Beam in the Power Protection Cabinets

The lateral longitudinal beam is one of the most important mechanical parts in secondary protection equipment of electrical power system. Basing on the simulation analysis platform of ANSYS Workbench, the standardization of the modular hole of the lateral longitudinal beam is studied in this research. The static and dynamic finite element analysis of the lateral longitudinal beam are used to obtain Von-Mises equivalent stress, deformation data, the natural frequency and vibration mode of five orders. The contrastive analysis of the results of finite element analysis provides a kind of theoretical instruction for the dimension selection of the modular hole.
Optimizing Design for the Traveling Wave Electrodes in Low-Drive High-Speed Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators

Electro-optic (EO) polymer modulators are very promising in the realization of cost-effective and high-performance optical transmissions. In this article, general strategies and specific designs of the traveling wave electrodes in EO polymer modulators were presented to reduce the modulator drive power while maintaining a broadband response. The optimum device parameters and corresponding conditions were estimated using finite element method based on electrode design. In calculating the results, the comprehensive characteristics of polymer modulator with 1.21 V half-wave voltage and 91 GHz bandwidth was demonstrated with electro-optic interaction length is 20 mm, electro-optic coefficient is 55 pm/V, and operation wavelength is 1.319 μm. These results agree with the 0.8 V half-wave voltage and 30 mm electro-optic interaction length reported in Science. In the five designs presented, a hybrid electrode structure combining CPW and microstrip lines were advanced. The characteristics of this structure are like that of microstrip lines with a single-arm electrode on one arm of the waveguide, but it solves the problem of microstrip to coaxial line transition and corona polarization.
Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation of OmniRide Demand-Driven Transit Operations: Feeder and Flex-Route Services

Information about the Potomac and Rappahannock Transportation Commission operational test is presented. The test focuses on service planning for the local flex-route transit services and the flag-stop commuter-rail feeder services, as well as their start-ups. Although the intelligent transportation system (ITS) operational test involves the application of automated vehicle location and real-time order-taking, scheduling, and dispatching of software, the planning and start-up operations of the non-ITS-enhanced phase of the flex-route and feeder services are addressed.
Dynamic Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Over the years the construction waste has enormously increased, this may be attributed to different factors such as (i) demolition (ii) accidents (iii) impact loads (iv) earthquakes. These activities have caused an increasing burden on already exhausted waste management system globally. As a result, the concrete waste produced in a large quantity has become a major issue to manage due to limited landfill sites. Therefore, the recycling of waste concrete can prove to be beneficial and necessary for the environmental preservation and effective utilization of natural resources. Number of studies have been conducted to study the static mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete; however, limited test data has been published which focused on the dynamic properties of the concrete prepared with recycled coarse aggregates. Therefore, in this investigation aim was to study the behavior of recycled aggregates concrete under increasing dynamic compressive loading. For this purpose, cylindrical specimens having a diameter of 100 mm and height of 200 mm were used. These specimens have been prepared with constant concrete mix ratio, having varying percentages of RA such as 0%, 30%, and 50% 70 % and 100%. The dynamic compressive behaviour was studied by using drop hammer system. The height drop hammer system consist of a frame having a maximum height of 15ft. Firstly, three samples (1, 1R, 2R) from each percentage replacement (0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%) were tested on six different velocities of 2.44m/s, 3.45m/s, 4.23m/s, 4.89m/s, 5.46m/s and 7.45m/s with varying strain rates of 12.04/s, 17.00/s, 20.83/s, 24.08/s, 26.89/s and 36.73/s respectively. Weight of the drop hammer was 10 kg. Based on the detailed experimental investigation, it was found that the behaviour of the recycled aggregate concrete under dynamic loading differ significantly from the static loading.
Chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic materials enhances nematode community structure stability

ABSTRACT In this study, we conducted a field experiment to investigate the effect of reduced chemical fertilizer and combined application of organic materials on nematode community in a wheat-maize cropping system over two crop seasons (wheat and maize). The results showed that the soil moisture emerged as the major determinant of nematode community structure in wheat season, while the soil pH was the main factor influencing the nematode variation in maize season. The effect of soil properties accounted for 2.4% of the total variation in nematode community. The Shannon index in the straw addition treatment significantly increased by 38.5% in comparison with the NPK treatment in wheat season. The ecological network showed that organic fertilizer simplified the complexity of the ecological network of straw treatment and the separate return of straw suppressed the efficiency of material circulation, energy flow, and information transmission among nematode network species. These results indicate that reduced chemical fertilizer and combined application of organic materials made the nematode community structure more stable and improved the sustainability of agroecosystems.
A GRICEAN MAXIM ANALYSIS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS AT HIGHER LEVEL EDUCATION

This study was aimed at identifying the maxim violation(s) in English classroom in an English class at Politeknik Aceh Selatan. The maxim violation analyzed was only the one produced by the lecturer as the key speaker in the video. Regarding the methodology, this study employed qualitative approach because the analysis emphasized more on the data quality instead of data quantity. The data source as well as the instrument for this study was the video from English class and the data collection was carried out through a documentation procedure in which the video were checked repeatedly to classify data based on the utterances. The data were then analyzed using Interactive Analysis following the three-step procedures: data condensation, data display, and data verification The results showed that the most Gricean Maximum violations occured in the quantity maxim (42 times). The second is the maxim of quality (24 times) and the maximum of relation (17 times). The least violations occur in the maxim of manner (5 times).
Research on 5V Internal Power Supply Circuit of Switching Power Supply

In order to guarantee the stability working of internal circuit of switching power supply, an internal power supply circuit with stabilization output was designed in this paper. Based on the voltage stabilization principle of zener diode, the internal power supply circuit put the high input voltage into 5v output voltage. Because of using module circuit, the circuit structure is simplified effectively. Based on 0.35um BCD technology, the internal power supply circuit was built in PSPICE. According to the experimental result, the internal power supply circuit can output stably in different input voltage and environmental temperature.
E-Commerce Recommending Model Based on Trust Community

To responses to the current information "overload" problem widespread in e-commerce systems, a new approach, using the method of user clustering, node trust value analyzing and product evaluating is put forward to build an e-commerce trust community for e-commerce recommendation. According to some of the most trusted neighbors` evaluation information for goods, the recommendation model predicts the score of goods that the users have purchased, to recommend items which have a higher value score, to a customer. In the proposed recommending algorithm, the time effect of recommendation is taken into consideration to provide effective recommending services for users.
Comparative evaluation of Rheological characteristics of Giomers and other Nano-flowable resin composites in vitro

Abstract Objective The purpose of this research was to determine the viscoelastic properties of a group of commercially available nano-flowable resin composites; and to explore the relation between these properties and the materials’ composition (with/without fluoride), filler size description (nano-filled, nanohybrid and submicron-filled) and filler loading (by volume). Methods Rheological measurements were performed using a rheometer. A Dynamic frequency sweep test was conducted to evaluate the complex viscosity, storage and loss moduli, loss tangent, and complex shear modulus at an angular frequency (ω) of 0.1–100 rad/s. Comparative evaluations of the nano flowable resin composites on rheological properties was performed, and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results The results indicated that all the tested materials exhibited shear-thinning flow behaviour. As the shear rate increased, the complex viscosity of the nano-flowable composites decreased. The nanohybrid filled flowable resin composites exhibited the highest complex viscosity, while the nano-filled flowable resin composites exhibited the lowest value. The submicron-filled materials exhibited the lowest complex shear moduli and loss tangent values. Conclusions: The findings from the current study provided comprehensive evaluation of the rheological properties of different nano-flowable composites. The observed differences in rheological properties among the tested materials were independent of their fluoride content or filler size. Furthermore, no relationship was found between the complex viscosity of the tested nano-flowable resin composites and their filler volume.
BioCreative VII-Track 1: A BERT-based System for Relation Extraction in Biomedical Text

— This paper describes our team's participation in Track 1 of the BioCreative VII challenge to automatically detect relations between chemical compounds/drugs and genes/proteins. Here, we discuss the three contextualized language-based models with different input representations: two general Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)-based models and a BioBERT-based model. Our best model for this task achieved an overall Precision of 0.55, Recall of 0.52, and an F 1 score of 0.54 on the test set.
A framework for extracting defect density information for yield modeling from in-line defect inspection for real-time prediction of random defect limited yields

This paper describes a technique for filtering optically measured in-line defect densities (DD/sub meas/) in order to arrive at defect densities (DD/sub real/) which can be combined with critical areas to predict single layer random defect limited yield. The technique involves correlating in-line defects with bitmap failures to establish the relationship between the optically measured defect density and the defect density required for critical area based yield modeling. That relationship, once established, applies to logic devices as well as memories. This procedure can predict single layer random defect limited yields on a real-time basis as lots are inspected.
Ergonomics and Safety of Intelligent Driver Interfaces

Contents: B.H. Kantowitz, R.J. Hanowski, S.C. Kantowitz, Driver Reliability Demands for Traffic Advisory Information. M.A. Mollenhauer, M.C. Hulse, T.A. Dingus, S.K. Jahns, C. Carney, Design Decision Aids and Human Factors Guidelines for ATIS Displays. J.D. Lee, A Functional Description of ATIS/CVO Systems to Guide and Accommodate Driver Needs and Limits. M. Akamatsu, M. Yoshioka, N. Imacho, T. Daimon, H. Kawashima, Driving With a Car Navigation System in an Urban Area -- Analysis of Landmarks by the Thinking Aloud Method. R. Srinivasan, P.P. Jovanis, Effect of In-Vehicle Route Guidance Systems on Driver Workload and Choice of Vehicle Speed: Findings from a Driving Simulator Experiment. G.E. Burnett, S.M. Joyner, An Assessment of Moving-Map and Symbol-Based Route Guidance Systems. T. Ross, G. Vaughan, C. Nicolle, Design Guidelines for Route Guidance Systems: Development Process and an Empirical Example for Timing of Guidance Instructions. K. Kimura, K. Marunaka, S. Sugiura, Human Factors Considerations for Automotive Navigation Systems -- Legibility Comprehension and Voice Guidance. G. Labiale, Cognitive Ergonomics and "Intelligent" Systems in the Automobile. R. Graham, V.A. Mitchell, An Evaluation of the Ability of Drivers to Assimilate and Retain In-Vehicle Traffic Messages. S. Hirst, R. Graham, The Format and Presentation of Collision Warnings. W. Janssen, H. Thomas, In-Vehicle Collision Avoidance Support Under Adverse Conditions. H. Alm, O. Sviden, Y. Waern, On Cognitive Integration of IVHS Functions Around the Driver's Task. L.L. M. Bossi, N.J. Ward, A.M. Parkes, P.A. Howarth, The Effect of Vision Enhancement Systems on Driver Peripheral Visual Performance. L. Stapelton, Perceptual Attention to Contact Analogue Head Up Displays. T. Daimon, H. Kawashima, M. Akamatsu, Drivers' Cognitive Process and Route Guidance. D.M. Zaidel, Y.I. Noy, Automatic vs. Interactive Vehicle Navigation Aids. J.R. Buck, J.R. Bloomfield, A. Yenamendra, Ergonomic Issues on Entering the Automated Highway System. J.H. Richardson, S.H. Fairclough, S. Fletcher, J. Scholfield, Driver Fatigue: An Experimental Investigation. K. Wochinger, D. Boehm-Davis, Navigation Preference and Driver Acceptance of Advanced Traveler Information Systems. S.H. Fairclough, Monitoring Driver Fatigue via Driving Performance. S.A. Moss, T.J. Triggs, Attention Switching Time: A Comparison Between Young and Experienced Drivers. A. Parkes, The Role of Standards in In-Vehicle MMI.
Self-perceived employability among undergraduate students at a South African university

Orientation: South Africa has been suffering from persistently high levels of unemployment since 2008. The youth is regarded as the most at-risk group in the South African labour market and unemployment amongst the youth is considered one of the most critical socio-economic problems in South Africa. Increasing one’s employability is essential to securing employment and enhancing one’s well-being.Research purpose: This study aimed to explore the self-perceived employability of undergraduate students at a South African university.Motivation for the study: Currently, there is a scarcity of published research on the self-perceived employability amongst undergraduate students at higher education institutions in South Africa.Research approach/design and method: The study was conducted within a positivistic research paradigm. A quantitative-based cross-sectional survey design was used. Convenience sampling was used to select the students who were included in the survey. Data were collected through a web-based survey, using a standardised coded questionnaire that consisted of a five-point Likert-type scale.Main findings: The results indicated that the respondents were relatively confident about their internal employability, but they were less confident about their opportunities in the external labour market.Practical/managerial implications: Understanding one’s employability and the accompanied issues creates awareness of one’s potential, skills and knowledge to become a successful citizen and employee.Contribution/value-add: The study shed light on the self-perceived employability of undergraduate students at a South African university and consequently contributes to the existing literature on employability in the South African context.
Doss ρ-Almost Periodic Type Functions in Rn

In this paper, we investigate various classes of multi-dimensional Doss ρ-almost periodic type functions of the form F:Λ×X→Y, where n∈N,∅≠Λ⊆Rn, X and Y are complex Banach spaces, and ρ is a binary relation on Y. We work in the general setting of Lebesgue spaces with variable exponents. The main structural properties of multi-dimensional Doss ρ-almost periodic type functions, like the translation invariance, the convolution invariance and the invariance under the actions of convolution products, are clarified. We examine connections of Doss ρ-almost periodic type functions with (ω,c)-periodic functions and Weyl-ρ-almost periodic type functions in the multi-dimensional setting. Certain applications of our results to the abstract Volterra integro-differential equations and the partial differential equations are given.
Analyses of Selected LHX Mission Functions: Implications for Operator Workload and System Automation Goals

Abstract : Twenty-nine Light Helicopter Experimental (LHX) scout and attack mission segments were analyzed for excessive workload. Each of the mission segments was broken down into critical flight control, support, and mission functions, and positioned on a mission timeline. Functional analyses were performed by identifying the critical performance elements with their man- machine interface. Sensory, cognitive, and psychomotor workload and durations were estimated for each performance element.
Spatial Dynamics of Multibody Tracked Vehicles Part I: Spatial Equations of Motion

SUMMARY In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic equations of motion of the three dimensional multibody tracked vehicle systems are developed, taking into consideration the degrees of freedom of the track chains. To avoid the solution of a system of differential and algebraic equations, the recursive kinematic equations of the vehicle are expressed in terms of the independent joint coordinates. In order to take advantage of sparse matrix algorithms, the independent differential equations of the three dimensional tracked vehicles are obtained using the velocity transformation method. The Newton-Euler equations of the vehicle components are defined and used to obtain a sparse matrix structure for the system dynamic equations which are represented in terms of a set of redundant coordinates and the joint forces. The acceleration solution obtained by solving this system of equations is used to define the independent joint accelerations. The use of the recursive equations eliminates the need of using the iterative .