Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prey preferences and visual discrimination ability of Brettus, Cocalus and Cyrba, araneophagic jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from Australia, Kenya and Sri Lanka

Abstract Brettus adonis, Brettus albolimbatus, Cocalus gibbosus, Cyrba ocellata and Cyrba simoni (Salticidae: Spartaeinae) are genera of aberrant jumping spiders from Australia, Kenya and Sri Lanka that routinely include web‐building spiders in their diet. The present paper is the first detailed study of prey choice by these five species. Three basic types of tests were used: different types of prey provided on successive days (alternate‐day tests), two types of prey provided at the same time (simultaneous‐presentation tests), or a second prey type provided while the predator was already feeding (alternative‐prey tests). Each species during alternate‐day and simultaneous‐presentation tests chose web‐building spiders in preference to insects, both when ‘well fed’ (last meal 7 days before testing) and when starved (last meal 14 days before testing). Insects and spiders were taken indiscriminately after 21 days of fasting. The same preferences were evident when dead, motionless lures instead of living prey were used, indicating that, while relying on optical cues alone, each species can distinguish between spiders and insects independent of the different movement patterns of these different prey. There was no evidence of preference in alternative‐prey tests.
How useful is each item in the Sport Spectator Identification Scale?: an item response theory analysis

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of each item in the Sport Spectator Identification Scale (SSIS) (Wann and Branscombe, 1993) using the item response theory (IRT) and to provide evidence for modifications in the scale. ,A total of 635 spectators of US professional sports responded to the seven-item SSIS on an eight-point semantic differential scale. The general partial credit model was fitted to the data. ,The results revealed that four items (Items 1, 2, 3 and 5) provide a relatively high amount of information, whereas three items (Items 4, 6 and 7) provide a low amount of information, indicating different levels of measurement precision among the items. Furthermore, the results showed that some low-level response options were rarely selected by participants, indicating that it may not be necessary to include response options as many as eight within each item. ,Unlike previous studies examining the psychometric properties of the SSIS as a whole, the present study provides information about the usefulness of each item of the SSIS in measuring individuals' team identification. Based on the findings, the authors identified some issues with the three problematic items, including the wording of the items and the link between the question and the target construct. The authors make several suggestions for researchers and practitioners in improving individual item quality and in making informed decisions when using the SSIS in the future.
Mapping Learning Analytics initiatives in Latin America

The growth of Learning Analytics (LA) as a research field has been extensively documented since its beginnings. This paper provides a broad overview of the publications that Latin American authors have published in the last years by performing a quantitative review of the literature (from 2011 to 2019). A total of 282 papers were collected and categorized according to a multidimensional model composed of seven dimensions (data collected, stakeholders targeted, goals of the paper, techniques employed, maturity of the tool, research approaches and ethical issues). The paper describes how the field has evolved over the years in Latin America, presenting the main characteristics of the papers from different perspectives (year, type of venue, language) together with the descriptives of the categorized dimensions and the relations between them. At last, papers are presented in number by countries and institutions, and we perform an authorship and coauthorship analysis with information extracted from the selected papers.
Miniaturized broadband‐multiband planar antenna with a symmetric quarter‐circular ground plane for WLAN/WiMAX standards

In this paper, a novel design of miniature and broadband‐multiband coplanar waveguide‐fed planar antenna with a symmetric quarter‐circular ground plane is suggested to realize multiband with better performance. The experimental results show that the suggested antenna has achieved two bandwidths (S11 < −10 dB): the lower band from 2.34 to 2.42 GHz centered around the resonant frequency of 2.38 GHz and the upper broadband from 3.16 to 6.57 GHz resonating at 3.5 and 5.38 GHz, respectively. The bandwidths cover the two required bands: WiMAX and WLAN at the frequencies 3.5/5.5 and 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz, respectively. All these three resonant frequencies show better impedance matching with convenient gain and high radiation efficiency; moreover, the radiation patterns in the H‐plane and E‐plane are omnidirectional and bidirectional, respectively. The patch antenna prototype is constructed on a simple substrate named FR4 epoxy and having total dimensions of 0. 23λ × 0. 14λ × 0. 012λ, as λ is the free‐space wavelength at the lower resonant frequency. In addition, the resulting multiband antenna is a highly compact size and having a good performance, which makes it appropriate for wireless systems in diverse applications.
Mobile application for monitoring body temperature from facial images using convolutional neural network and support vector machine

Human body temperature is an important vital sign especially for health monitoring and exercise training. In this study, we propose a CNN plus support vector machine (SVM) approach (CNN-SVM) to estimate body temperature from a sequence of facial images. The sequence images could be from multiple shots or from video frames using a smartphone camera. First, the facial region is cropped out from a digital picture using a face detection algorithm, which can be implemented on the smartphone or at cloud side. Second, normalize the batch of facial images, and extract the facial features using a pretrained CNN model. Lastly, train a body temperature prediction model with the CNN features using a multiclass SVM classifier. The feature extraction and classification are performed in the cloud side with GPU acceleration and the predicted temperature is then sent back to the mobile app for display. We have a facial sequence database from 144 subjects. There are 12-18 shots of facial images taken from each subject. We selected AlexNet, ResNet-50, VGG-19, or Inception-ResNet-v2 models for feature extraction. The initial results show that the performance of the proposed method is very promising.
Protecting Investors from Themselves: Evidence from a Regulatory Intervention

Abstract Retail investors tend to make poor investment decisions and consequently under-perform. A plausible approach to improving this situation is to restrict the least knowledgeable or experienced investors, a concept implemented for Singapore investors via a Customer Knowledge Assessment (CKA). I study the empirical relationship between retail investors’ investment portfolio outcomes, and their CKA results. Although those satisfying the assessment criteria made fewer mistakes, as benchmarked by a selection of normative models, the CKA only weakly identifies less skilled investors. The high misclassification rate, under an analysis favorable to the scheme, highlights the challenges of investor screening.
Banana weevil borer control in south-eastern Queensland

Banana weevil borer Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) is the main insect pest of bananas in south-eastern Queensland and northern New South Wales. Four trials were conducted over 3 years to test current and new pesticides and 2 species of entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis zealandica Poinar (strain 327) and Steinernemu carpocapsae (Weiser) (strain BW), in growers' plantations at Yandina and Wamuran. Nematodes were applied in a thickened aqueous solution into 200 mm deep incisions in the residual rhizomes of harvested plants usually at bimonthly intervals from November to May. The treatments were not effective possibly because of early nematode mortality caused by free water in the spike holes and/or because of the need for more frequent application. More than 1 or 2 applications a year, however, would probably be uneconomic. Prothiophos (5 g a.i./stool) was the most effective of the currently registered pesticides and bifenthrin (0.25 g a.i./stool) consistently effective among the new pesticides. Both were significantly better than all other treatments on most occasions. Efficacy was assessed using pseudostem traps (to assess beetle activity) and a sliced peripheral cut to the side of the rhizome (to assess damage by larvae). Monitoring of populations and damage by these techniques will promote the most effective and minimal use of pesticide treatments. Average beetle catches of 2 per trap and damage ratings of 2 are proposed as action thresholds for south-eastern Queensland.
Neural Connectivity Subtypes Predict Discrete Attentional-Bias Profiles Among Heterogeneous Anxiety Patients

On average, anxious patients show altered attention to threat—including early vigilance toward threat and later avoidance of threat—accompanied by altered functional connectivity across brain regions. However, substantial heterogeneity within clinical, neural, and attentional features of anxiety is overlooked in typical group-level comparisons. We used a well-validated method for data-driven parsing of neural connectivity to reveal connectivity-based subgroups among 60 adults with transdiagnostic anxiety. Subgroups were externally compared on attentional patterns derived from independent behavioral measures. Two subgroups emerged. Subgroup A (68% of patients) showed stronger executive network influences on sensory processing regions and a paradigmatic “vigilance–avoidance” pattern on external behavioral measures. Subgroup B was defined by a larger number of limbic influences on sensory regions and exhibited a more atypical and inconsistent attentional profile. Neural connectivity-based categorization revealed an atypical, limbic-driven pattern of connectivity in a subset of anxious patients that generalized to atypical patterns of selective attention.
In vitro cytotoxic and antibacterial potentials of extracts from three marine isolates of Actinomycetes isolated from coastal ecosystems of Tanur, Kerala, India

Three Actinomyctes with potential bioactivity are successfully isolated from the marine water samples and identified as Prauserella marina , Streptomyces sindenensis and S. spiroverticillatus . The ethyl acetate extracts from the three Actinomycetes are found to have significant bioactivity. The highest anti-bacterial activity was given by the extract from P. marina on B. cereus showing 28 mm of zone of inhibition. Cytotoxicity screening of the crude extracts using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay revealed that extract from P. marina noticeably effected the viability of the human cervical cancer cell grown in vitro . Thin layer chromatography of the crude extract with methanol and chloroform (8:2) as solvent system yielded three distinct fractions, of which fraction with Rf value 0.8 resulted in 77, 68, 54 and 40% growth inhibition of HeLa cells at 15, 10, 5, 2.5 µg/mL, respectively with the IC 50 value as 3.3 µg/mL. HPLC analysis of the fraction resulted in single major peak at 3.7 min.
Exploitation of Seed Aggregates by Merriam's Kangaroo Rat: Harvesting Rates and Predatory Risk

The simple cost—benefit model of foraging and patch usage of Gilliam and Fraser (1987) was tested for Dipodomys merriami, using data from the laboratory and field. Costs are modeled as the risk of being preyed upon while foraging from a particular patch and benefits as the amount of energy harvested per unit time. The model predicts that foraging rodents should choose patches where the risk: gain ratio is minimal. Field tests of the model using three types of 1—g seed samples (i.e., pure milo, pure millet, and a mixed sample of the two) showed that the extent to which seed aggregates were exploited (an estimate of patch residency time) increased with the rate at which seeds are harvested (determined through laboratory trials) and decreased with increasing predatory risk as apparently affected by microhabitat and nocturnal illumination. The patch encounter rate for single seeds and 1—g seed aggregates did not differ, but rodents consistently removed a greater proportion of seeds from the latter. These resu.
Malononitrile-activated synthesis and anti-cholinesterase activity of styrylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones

Herein, we report a base-free malononitrile activated condensation of 3-methylquinoxaline-2(1H)-one (3MQ) 1 with aryl aldehydes 3a–3ad for synthesis of styrylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones (SQs) 4a–4ad with excellent yields. In this reaction, malononitrile activates the aldehyde via Knoevenagel condensation towards reaction with 3MQ 1 and gets liberated during the course of reaction to yield the desired SQs 4a–4ad. The SQs were evaluated for in vitro cholinesterase inhibition and 4n was found to display a mixed type of inhibition of AChE, which was supported by molecular modelling studies. This study has led to the discovery of a new chemotype for cholinesterase inhibition which might be useful in finding a remedy for Alzheimer's disease.
Me, myself and the other. Interreligious and intrareligious relations in neo-conservative online forums

ABSTRACT The Internet can be a place for exchange, but also foster echo chambers of closed world views. This poses interesting questions for the possibility of interreligious dialogue online. The article examines the cases of German Evangelical and Salafist Internet forums which mainly target a specific religious denomination, but nevertheless provide spaces for contact between different religions and denominations. For the study, a combination of quantitative and qualitative text analysis is applied. Quantitative analysis makes it possible to gain an overview of the discussed themes from a large body of text and serves as a basis for sampling smaller textual units for close examination using qualitative content analysis. The analysis yields two primary results: First, intrareligious dialogue plays a particular role for the negotiation of religious identity. Second, interreligious relations reflect the societal positions of both religious groups.
Growth, Sugar Accumulation and Puffiness of the Mandarin Peel during Coloring

During the coloring of normal puffy cultivars of satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.), the peel (flavedo plus albedo) continued to grow, i.e. increase its fresh weight, even after the pulp growth had terminated. The fruit became puffy when the pulp growth had already ceased but the peel was still growing. This peel growth accompanied the increase in dry weight, and the soluble sugar accounted for almost all of the dry matter increase in the peel. While, the content of alcohol insoluble substance remained unchanged. Protein content and acid phosphatase activity in the peel increased gradually during the coloring.Ethephon enhanced the puffiness to some extent and slightly increased peel fresh and dry weights.During coloring, the peel growth and the increase in sugar content of‘Imamura unshu’, which is known as a non-puffy cultivar, were slower than those of ‘Sugiyama unshu’, a normal puffy cultivar.
Coordinated scheme for expansion planning of distribution networks: a bilevel game approach

The expansion planning of a distribution network (DN) is studied separately and independently from the behaviour of the transmission network (TN) as well as other DNs. However, DNs are being converted from passive to active mode by extensively integrating distributed generations (DGs) into them. Hence, an uncoordinated expansion planning may lead to redundant investment cost and suboptimal solutions. Accordingly, the main motivation of this study is to propose a coordinated expansion scheme among distribution companies (DISCOs). In doing so, a novel bilevel game-based framework is presented to coordinate the decisions of DISCOs for distribution expansion planning problem. Primal–dual formulation is used to convert the bilevel problem into a single level one resulting in a discretely-constrained generalised Nash equilibrium problem. The generalised Nash equilibrium problem is further formulated as a mixed-integer linear program using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. The methodology proposed is applied to the IEEE 24-bus RTS with several 24-bus DNs. The results show that ignoring the action of other DISCOs may lead to the over- or under-investment in DG sector which consequently decreases the DISCOs’ profit. The results also show that congestion in transmission lines can considerably affect the strategic decisions of DISCOs on DG investment.
Machine‐learning scoring functions for structure‐based virtual screening

Molecular docking predicts whether and how small molecules bind to a macromolecular target using a suitable 3D structure. Scoring functions for structure‐based virtual screening primarily aim at discovering which molecules bind to the considered target when these form part of a library with a much higher proportion of non‐binders. Classical scoring functions are essentially models building a linear mapping between the features describing a protein–ligand complex and its binding label. Machine learning, a major subfield of artificial intelligence, can also be used to build fast supervised learning models for this task. In this review, we analyzed such machine‐learning scoring functions for structure‐based virtual screening in the period 2015–2019. We have discussed what the shortcomings of current benchmarks really mean and what valid alternatives have been employed. The latter retrospective studies observed that machine‐learning scoring functions were substantially more accurate, in terms of higher hit rates and potencies, than the classical scoring functions they were compared to. Several of these machine‐learning scoring functions were also employed in prospective studies, in which mid‐nanomolar binders with novel chemical structures were directly discovered without any potency optimization. We have thus highlighted the codes and webservers that are available to build or apply machine‐learning scoring functions to prospective structure‐based virtual screening studies. A discussion of prospects for future work completes this review.
DIFFERENT STRATEGIES FOR ASSESSING READING COMPREHENSION IN ADULTS. FROM ALPHA TO OMEGA

Comprehension constitutes the main purpose of reading, one of the most important human skills. Furthermore, reading and therefore comprehension are perplexing procedures, that are built through the interaction of the cognitive functions. Comprehension occurs in a cognitive and metacognitve level. Meta-comprehension indeed, constitutes an important interpretive factor of learning, especially in the field of text comprehension. The present review study attempts to emphasizes and interpret a variety of research protocols, which have as an ultimate goal text comprehension evaluation and improvement in adult population. Implications for integrating different comprehension-monitoring experimental designs to improve text comprehension in adults are discussed. Article visualizations:
Differential Distribution of Callose and a (1→4)β‐D‐galactan Epitope in the Laticiferous Plant Euphorbia heterophylla L.

Euphorbia heterophylla L. produces latex in nonarticulated laticifers, which are giant, coenocytic cells that elongate indefinitely and grow intrusively between other cells. To identify characteristics that may determine the unusual growth patterns of nonarticulated laticifers, we have analyzed the composition of their cell walls using various antibodies against carbohydrate epitopes. These analyses revealed that the laticifer walls differ from those of their surrounding cells. The level of a (1→4)β‐D‐galactan epitope was much lower in laticifers than in other cells. Similarly, an anti‐(1→3)β‐D‐glucan antibody that recognizes callose did not label laticifer walls and walls immediately adjacent to laticifers, but it produced a punctuated labeling pattern in most other cells. In contrast to (1→4)β‐D‐galactan and callose, the (1→5)α‐arabinan epitope, the homogalacturonan epitopes recognized by the JIM5 and JIM7 antibodies, and xyloglucan were present at similar levels in laticifers and their surrounding cells. Furthermore, a broad homogalacturonan‐rich middle lamella was present between laticifers and adjacent cells. Comparison of the results in E. heterophylla with those previously reported for Asclepias speciosa indicate that the development of nonarticulated laticifers is associated with similar modifications in wall characteristics, even though laticifers in these species have presumably different evolutionary origins.
Complex Leopard non-associated congenital night blindness in Mangalarga Marchador foals

Daniele Mancilha Carneiro1 , Camilla Espíndula Mendonça1 , Maurílio Rosa2 , Denise Monnerat Nogueira3  & Leonardo Rodrigues de Lima4  1Student of veterinary medicine. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil 2Postgraduate student. Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil 3Doctor. Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia e Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil 4Doctor. Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
The influence of mechanical action on felting shrinkage of wool fabric in the tumble dryer

Felting shrinkage of untreated wool fabric occurs easily during tumble drying. Mechanical action applied on fabrics plays a significant part in felting shrinkage of wool fabric. In general, the more severe the mechanical action of a washing or drying machine, the more rapid the felting shrinkage. However, both the degree and type of mechanical action applied on the fabric can influence felting shrinkage of untreated wool fabric. In the current study, fabric movement and felting shrinkage of untreated wool fabric at different rotation speeds of the drum in a tumble dryer without heating were studied. Based on the different fabric movements at different rotation speeds of the tumble drum, the extents of impact and rubbing forces at different rotation speeds were assessed by ranking. The total mechanical action applied on the fabric was expressed as the percentage of thread removal of “thread removal fabric” during the drying process. The results showed that lowest mechanical force on fabrics could be achieved when higher rotation speeds of the drum were used to dry wool fabrics in the tumble dryer, and could prevent wool felting shrinkage. It was also found that falling of the fabric followed by impact on the drum wall caused less felting shrinkage than sliding with rubbing between fabrics. Therefore, maintaining the falling movement could be a potential method to dry wool fabric in drying machines without causing severe felting shrinkage.