Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Acceleration of Stencil Applications through In-Memory Computing

The traditional computer architectures severely suffer from the bottleneck between the processing elements and memory that is the biggest barrier in front of their scalability. Nevertheless, the amount of data that applications need to process is increasing rapidly, especially after the era of big data and artificial intelligence. This fact forces new constraints in computer architecture design towards more data-centric principles. Therefore, new paradigms such as in-memory and near-memory processors have begun to emerge to counteract the memory bottleneck by bringing memory closer to computation or integrating them. Associative processors are a promising candidate for in-memory computation, which combines the processor and memory in the same location to alleviate the memory bottleneck. One of the applications that need iterative processing of a huge amount of data is stencil codes. Considering this feature, associative processors can provide a paramount advantage for stencil codes. For demonstration, two in-memory associative processor architectures for 2D stencil codes are proposed, implemented by both emerging memristor and traditional SRAM technologies. The proposed architecture achieves a promising efficiency for a variety of stencil applications and thus proves its applicability for scientific stencil computing.
Pathogenic and Genetic Variation among the Isolates of Rhizoctonia solani (AG 1‐IA), the Rice Sheath Blight Pathogen

Sheath blight disease of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most dreaded plant diseases faced by the rice farmers all over the world. None of the commercially cultivated rice varieties have sufficient level of field resistance, and the disease is presently being managed by chemical pesticides. In this study, 40 isolates of rice sheath blight pathogen, collected from diverse rice ecosystems from 12 different states of India, were characterized for their morphological, pathological and genetic variation. The isolates showed wide morphological variation in terms of size of sclerotia and abundance of sclerotia production. The virulence of each pathogen isolate was studied on four rice varieties, that is TN1, IR 64, Tetep and Swarnadhan in glasshouse, and observations were taken by measuring the relative lesion height. The relative lesion heights produced by these isolates on four different rice varieties varied widely. Genetic variation of the isolates was analysed using ISSR markers. The primers based on AG, GA, AC and CA repeats were informative and revealed polymorphism among the isolates. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the primers ranged from 0.80 to 0.96, while the resolving power (Rp) ranged from 3.7 to 15.35. Largely, grouping of the isolates happened based on their geographical origin. One isolate from Titabar, Assam, and another from Adialabad, Telangana, were quite distinct from rest of the isolates.
Using Aipotu simulation to promote evolution learning and teaching

In this article, we present the simulation software called Aipotu and we propose a way to use it in order to promote Evolution Learning and Teaching. Through activities, included in a worksheet, students gradually gain new knowledge not only on evolution and its genetic base but on the concept of simulation and scientific modeling as well. Aipotu is offered free of charge through a web page, so that it can be used at any time and place.
A benchmarking protocol for breath analysis: the peppermint experiment

Sampling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has shown promise for detection of a range of diseases but results have proved hard to replicate due to a lack of standardization. In this work we introduce the ‘Peppermint Initiative’. The initiative seeks to disseminate a standardized experiment that allows comparison of breath sampling and data analysis methods. Further, it seeks to share a set of benchmark values for the measurement of VOCs in breath. Pilot data are presented to illustrate the standardized approach to the interpretation of results obtained from the Peppermint experiment. This pilot study was conducted to determine the washout profile of peppermint compounds in breath, identify appropriate sampling time points, and formalise the data analysis. Five and ten participants were recruited to undertake a standardized intervention by ingesting a peppermint oil capsule that engenders a predictable and controlled change in the VOC profile in exhaled breath. After collecting a pre-ingestion breath sample, five further samples are taken at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h after ingestion. Samples were analysed using ion mobility spectrometry coupled to multi-capillary column and thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry. A regression analysis of the washout data was used to determine sampling times for the final peppermint protocol, and the time for the compound measurement to return to baseline levels was selected as a benchmark value. A measure of the quality of the data generated from a given technique is proposed by comparing data fidelity. This study protocol has been used for all subsequent measurements by the Peppermint Consortium (16 partners from seven countries). So far 1200 breath samples from 200 participants using a range of sampling and analytical techniques have been collected. The data from the consortium will be disseminated in subsequent technical notes focussing on results from individual platforms.
BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM CELLULOSIC MATERIALS

In the present study, pretreated sugarcane bagasse is used as the substrate for bioethanol production using cellulase and various yeast strains including thermotolerant strains by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation method at the optimized process conditions. Various pretreatment techniques namely dilute and concentrated sulphuric treatment, sodium hydroxide combined with high pressure steam treatment and steam autoclaving treatment are conducted for mechanically pretreated sugarcane bagaasse (milled ~ 100 mesh, 0.15 mm) for different time intervals (5, 10 and 15 min). The objective of the treatment step is to reduce the lignin and hemicellulose without altering the cellulose content because cellulase enzymes are highly specific in the cellulose hydrolysis reactions. From the results, the acid and alkali treatment techniques are not suitable for the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane bagasse due the decreased cellulose content and also the hemicellulose and lignin content was significantly reduced. The effect of cellobiose concentration is studied by conducting batch experiments at different initial cellobiose concentrations namely 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g/l at the hydrolysis temperatures of 45°C with an initial enzyme loading of 15 FPU/g bagasse and with initial pH of 5.5 and with a hydrolysis period of 120h as constant. From the experimental results it is observed that the cellobiose show a strong inhibitory effect. The effect of temperature on ethanol fermentation is studied by conducting batch experiments at different incubation temperatures namely 45°C for different yeast strains. The results show the maximum ethanol concentration of 3.82 g/l is obtained at an optimum temperature of 35 °C when S.cerevisiae is used for a fermentation period of 120h. This separate hydrolysis with fermentation gives a lower yield when compared to SSF process and may be due to the inhibitory action of glucose and cellobiose in the cellulose hydrolysis.
DEHYDROGENASE'S 4L SUBUNIT TRANSLATION AND POLYPEPTIDIC CHAIN CHARACTERISATION FOR THE ESTABLISHED HAPLOTYPE FOR INDIVIDUALS OF CYPRINUS CARPIO L., (1785) (CYPRINIDAE) SPECIES, SAMPLED FROM TWO POPULATIONS - MOVILENI AND IASI

In present experiment, our purpose was translation and characterization of the polypeptidic chain, specific for the haplotypes of the gene which determines dehydrogenases’ 4L sub-unit synthesis, for individuals of Cyprinus carpio L species, with origin in two different populations – Movileni and Iai.
Mental health status of the general population in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Shinkeigaku. Zasshi. 2010; 112: 111–115 (in Japanese). 9. Asukai N, Kato H, Kawamura N et al. Reliability and validity of the Japanese-language version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-RJ): Four studies of different traumatic events. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 2002; 190: 175–182. 10. Nishi D, Matsuoka Y, Noguchi H et al. Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 2009; 31: 75–79.
Does removal of federal subsidies discourage urban development? An evaluation of the US Coastal Barrier Resources Act

Urban development relies on many factors to remain viable, including infrastructure, services, and government provisions and subsidies. However, in situations involving federal or state level policy, development responds not just to one regulatory signal, but also to multiple signals from overlapping and competing jurisdictions. The 1982 U.S. Coastal Barrier Resources Act (CoBRA) offers an opportunity to study when and how development restrictions and economic disincentives protect natural resources by stopping or slowing urban development in management regimes with distributed authority and responsibility. CoBRA prohibits federal financial assistance for infrastructure, post-storm disaster relief, and flood insurance in designated sections (CoBRA units) of coastal barriers. How has CoBRA’s removal of these subsidies affected rates and types of urban development? Using building footprint and real estate data (n = 1,385,552 parcels), we compare density of built structures, land use types, residential house size, and land values within and outside of CoBRA units in eight Southeast and Gulf Coast states. We show that CoBRA is associated with reduced development rates in designated coastal barriers. We also demonstrate how local responses may counteract withdrawal of federal subsidies. As attention increases towards improving urban resilience in high hazard areas, this work contributes to understanding how limitations on infrastructure and insurance subsidies can affect outcomes where overlapping jurisdictions have competing goals.
Constitutively Active Mutant gp130 Receptor Protein from Inflammatory Hepatocellular Adenoma Is Inhibited by an Anti-gp130 Antibody That Specifically Neutralizes Interleukin 11 Signaling*

Background: Constitutively active, mutant gp130 is responsible for the development of inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCA). Results: The anti-gp130 antibody B-P4 blocks constitutive activation of mutant gp130. Conclusion: B-P4 might be a drug candidate for IHCAs and rare cases of gp130-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Significance: This is the first report on how to block oncogenic activation of gp130. Ligand-independent constitutively active gp130 mutants were described to be responsible for the development of inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCAs). These variants had gain-of-function somatic mutations within the extracellular domain 2 (D2) of the gp130 receptor chain. Cytokine-dependent Ba/F3 cells were transduced with the constitutively active variant of gp130 featuring a deletion in the domain 2 from Tyr-186 to Tyr-190 (gp130ΔYY). These cells showed constitutive phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) and cytokine-independent proliferation. Deletion of the Ig-like domain 1 (D1) of gp130, but not anti-gp130 mAbs directed against D1, abolished constitutive activation of gp130ΔYY, highlighting that this domain is involved in ligand-independent activation of gp130ΔYY. Moreover, soluble variants of gp130 were not able to inhibit the constitutive activation of gp130ΔYY. However, the inhibition of constitutive activation of gp130ΔYY was achieved by the anti-gp130 mAb B-P4, which specifically inhibits gp130 signaling by IL-11 but not by other IL-6 type cytokines. IL-11 but not IL-6 levels were found previously to be up-regulated in IHCAs, suggesting that mutations in gp130 are leading to IL-11-like signaling. The mAb B-P4 might be a valuable tool to inhibit the constitutive activation of naturally occurring gp130 mutants in IHCAs and rare cases of gp130-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.
Our Digital Moment: Innovations and Opportunities in Digital Mental Health Care

“If we can use apps to order dinner and video chats to stay in touch with family—we can use new technology to keep each other healthy. ” So commented Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in May when he announced $240.5 million “to develop, expand, and launch virtual care and mental health tools to support Canadians,” in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. That week, the Ontario government committed itself to enhancing e-therapy options, particularly for those struggling with the stress of the pandemic, and the British Columbia government promised $5 million to support virtual mental health care. These commitments follow others made by governments across North America, affecting compensation and regulations and—ultimately—practice. With so much political enthusiasm and pandemic reality, is mental health care having a digital moment? COVID-19 pandemic has changed health care delivery, including mental health care services around the world. Consider:
Nanofibrillation is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean

Chitin, an N-acetylglucosamine polymer, is well-known to have unique biological functions, such as growth promotion and disease resistance induction in plants. Chitin has been expectedly used for improving crop yield using its functions; however, chitin derivatives, such as chitin oligosaccharide (CO) and chitosan, are widely used instead since chitin is difficult to handle because of its insolubility. Chitin nanofiber (CNF), produced from chitin through nanofibrillation, retains its polymeric structure and can be dispersed uniformly even in water. Here, the effects of CO and CNF on plant responses were directly compared in soybeans (Glycine max) to define the most effective method to produce chitin derivatives for plant response induction. The growth promotion of aerial parts was observed only in CNF-treated plants. The transcriptome analysis showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CNF-treated soybeans was higher than in CO-treated soybeans. Notably, the expression patterns of DEGs were mostly similar but were strongly induced by CNF treatment as compared with the CO group. These results reveal that CNF can induce stronger plant response to chitin than CO in soybeans, suggesting nanofibrillation, rather than oligomerization, as a more effective method to produce chitin derivatives for plant response induction.
Use of a common European approach for nanomaterials’ testing to support regulation: a case study on titanium and silicon dioxide representative nanomaterials

The European Union (EU) continuously takes ensuring the safe use of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) in consumer products into consideration. The application of a common approach for testing MNMs, including the use of optimized protocols and methods’ selection, becomes increasingly important to obtain reliable and comparable results supporting the regulatory framework. In the present study, we tested four representative MNMs, two titanium dioxides (NM100 and NM101) and two silicon dioxides (NM200 and NM203), using the EU FP7‐NANoREG approach, starting from suspension and dispersion preparations, through to their characterization and final evaluation of biological effects. MNM dispersions were prepared following a refined NANOGENOTOX protocol and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) in water/bovine serum albumin and in media used for in vitro testing. Potential genotoxic effects were evaluated on human bronchial BEAS‐2B cells using micronucleus and Comet assays, and pro‐inflammatory effects by cytokines release. Murine macrophages RAW 264.7 were used to detect potential innate immune responses using two functional endpoints (pro‐inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide [NO] production). The interaction of MNMs with RAW 264.7 cells was studied by electron microscopy. No chromosomal damage and slight DNA damage and an oxidative effect, depending on MNMs, were observed in bronchial cells. In murine macrophages, the four MNMs directly induced tumor necrosis factor α or interleukin 6 secretion, although at very low levels; lipopolysaccharide‐induced NO production was significantly decreased by the titania and one silica MNM. The application of this approach for the evaluation of MNM biological effects could be useful for both regulators and industries.
Effects of Water-Circulating Cooling Mask on Postoperative Outcomes in Orthognathic Surgery and Facial Trauma

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of hilotherapy on postoperative pain, swelling, neurosensory impairment and patient satisfaction. The authors analyzed RCTs comparing the use of hilotherapy versus conventional cryotherapy or no cold treatment for orthognathic surgery and repair of facial trauma. The authors assessed the risk of bias and strength of evidence according to the Cochrane guidelines and GRADE rating system, respectively. Treatment effects were defined as weighted or standardized mean difference using the inverse variance method. Five RCTs were included. Postoperative pain and swelling in patients using hilotherapy were lower comparing to the control group in the postoperative day 2 (Pain: MD −1.75, CI 95% −2.69 to −0.81; Swelling: MD −21.16 mL, CI 95% −38.91 to −3.41) and in the final evaluation (Pain: MD −0.31, CI 95% −0.44 to −0.18; MD −4.45 mL, CI 95% −7.87 to −1.03). Patients reported higher satisfaction with hilotherapy, but no differences were found for neurosensory impairment. Current evidence suggests that hilotherapy is effective in reducing postoperative pain and swelling in orthognathic surgery and repair of facial fractures and may lead to improvements in patient satisfaction in the recovery phase.
Transcriptomic and functional analyses uncover the regulatory role of lncRNA000170 in tomato multicellular trichome formation.

Trichomes are universal specific structures originating from nearly all terrestrial plants. Although quantities of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in many plant species, the role of lncRNAs in trichome formation still remains unknown. Here, we identified a total of 1303 lncRNAs in the young stems of woolly mutant LA3560 (Wo) and its non-woolly segregants (WT). Out of these lncRNAs, 86 lncRNAs were obviously up-regulated in Wo, and 110 lncRNAs were down-regulated. We determined that 7 lncRNAs were highly expressed in stem trichomes in comparation with trichome-free stems and several other tissues of LA3560 by qRT-PCR, including lncRNA000746, lncRNA000170, lncRNA000277, lncRNA000774, lncRNA000756, lncRNA000100, and lncRNA000898. Transgenic experiments revealed that overexpression of lncRNA000170 inhibited type I trichome formation on the lower stems of the adult transgenic plants. We further determined that lncRNA000170 was transcribed from the complementary strand of Solyc10g006360, the expression of which can be induced by lncRNA000170 in its overexpression lines and woolly mutants. Solyc10g006360 overexpression also caused type I trichome decrease. In addition, several trichome regulators, like Wo, H, SlCycB2, and SlCycB3, were markedly down-regulated in lncRNA000170 overexpression lines. These findings demonstrate that lncRNA000170 may be involved in the regulatory pathway mediated by these trichome regulators.
Assessing Pharmacists Knowledge and Attitude Toward the Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Qatar

Pharmacists were found to play a key role in anticoagulation care. In order to make an appropriate selection and counselling regarding direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), pharmacists should be knowledgeable and abiding by evidence-based practice. We aim in this study to assess the knowledge and practices of practicing hospital and community pharmacists in Qatar regarding DOACs and their reflection on the dispensing and patient education. A prospective cross-sectional survey was developed. It included questions on demographic and professional characteristics. Additionally, it evaluated the awareness regarding safety, efficacy, and dispensing of DOACs. Lastly, a separate question was used to address the participant’s satisfaction with their knowledge. A total response were received from 211 pharmacists participating in the survey. Overall awareness score was moderate (41.6% ± 26%). These scores were in alignment with participants’ self-satisfaction with knowledge on DOACs (72% of participants were not satisfied). Being a clinical pharmacist, of male gender, and with a board certification were factors associated with increased awareness on DOACs. Results from this survey point to the importance of having more educational activities in order to improve pharmacist’s knowledge of DOACs.
CALIFORNIA PLANT PEST AND DISEASE REPORT

CALI FORN I A PLANT PEST NOTE to NAPlS cooperators . 29 Pear-juniper rust . 30-33 Two viruses in t he same cell 34-35 Plant Pathology Highlights . 36 Entomology Highlights . 3749 Significant Finds . 37 New State Records . 44 New County Records . 48 Exclusion . 49 Significant Finds in Other States . 50 Border Stations . 53 Botanv Hinhlinhts . 54 What's Inside: Numbers 3-4 : I . in -September, ,992
Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review

Lung cancer is the most often diagnosed cancer in the world and the most frequent cause of cancer death. The prognosis for lung cancer is relatively poor and 75% of patients are diagnosed at its advanced stage. The currently used diagnostic tools are not sensitive enough and do not enable diagnosis at the early stage of the disease. Therefore, searching for new methods of early and accurate diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial for its effective treatment. Lung cancer is the result of multistage carcinogenesis with gradually increasing genetic and epigenetic changes. Screening for the characteristic genetic markers could enable the diagnosis of lung cancer at its early stage. The aim of this review was the summarization of both the preclinical and clinical approaches in the genetic diagnostics of lung cancer. The advancement of molecular strategies and analytic platforms makes it possible to analyze the genome changes leading to cancer development—i.e., the potential biomarkers of lung cancer. In the reviewed studies, the diagnostic values of microsatellite changes, DNA hypermethylation, and p53 and KRAS gene mutations, as well as microRNAs expression, have been analyzed as potential genetic markers. It seems that microRNAs and their expression profiles have the greatest diagnostic potential value in lung cancer diagnosis, but their quantification requires standardization.