Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Brain Biomechanics in the Hydrocephalic Child

: Sixteen children with active hydrocephalus were studied using the Pressure Volume Index (PVI) technique to characterize neural axis compliance and the resistance to CSF absorption (Ro). Intracranial pressure for the series was 16.2 +/- 6.2/13.3 +/- 6.1 mm Hg. Measured PVI was twice that predicted for each child, indicating abnormally compliant systems. Ro was 7.8 +/- 1.7 mm Hg/ml/min, a three-fold increase above normal. There was no correlation between PVI and ventricular size. These studies indicate that the biomechanical properties of the brain and its coverings are altered by the hydrocephalic process in a way that encourages further accumulation of volume.
Patient Involvement in Treatment Decision Making Can Help or Hinder Placebo Analgesia

Experiments have found that choosing between placebo analgesics can reduce pain more than being assigned a placebo analgesic. Because earlier research has shown prior experience moderates choice effects in other contexts, we tested whether prior experience with a pain stimulus moderates this placebo-choice association. Before a cold water pain task, participants were either told that an inert cream would reduce their pain or they were not told this information. Additionally, participants chose between one of two inert creams for the task or they were not given choice. Importantly, we also measured prior experience with cold water immersion. Individuals with prior cold water immersion experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia when given choice, whereas participants without this experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia without choice. Prior stimulus experience appears to moderate the effect of choice on placebo analgesia.
Determination and Prediction of One Repetition Maximum (1RM): Safety Considerations

Determination and Prediction of One Repetition Maximum (1RM): Safety Considerations Strength training is recommended for slowing age-dependent deterioration of muscular strength and for rehabilitating patients with muscle weakening illnesses. Reliable assessment of muscle strength is important for proper design of strength training regimes for prevention, rehabilitation, and sport. One repetition maximum (1RM) is an established measure of muscular strength and is defined as the value of resistance against which a given movement can be performed only once. Proper assessment of 1RM is time consuming, and may lead to muscle soreness as well as temporary deterioration of the function of the tested muscles. Attempts at indirect 1RM determination based on the maximum number of repetitions performed have predicted 1RM with a variable degree of accuracy. Cardiovascular safety has been neglected in 1RM determination, although arterial blood pressure increases considerably when exercising against maximal or near maximal resistance. From the perspective of cardiovascular safety, favorable 1RM measurement methods should avoid performance of repetitions until failure; movement against high resistance and muscle fatigue both increase blood pressure. Although such techniques are likely less accurate than the current methods, their prediction accuracy be sufficient for therapeutic strength training.
Access to assisted reproduction services and infertility treatment in Belgium in the context of the European countries

The major complication of assisted reproductive technologies is the increased incidence of multiple pregnancies. Multiple pregnancies are associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates related to a higher incidence of prematurity and (very) low-birth-weight babies. The epidemic of iatrogenic multiple births has increased the incidence of maternal, perinatal and childhood morbidity and mortality. Healthcare cost of infertility treatment did increase significantly and this may lead to social and political concern. For in vitro fertilization, reducing the number of embryos transferred and the use of natural cycle IVF will decrease the number of multiple gestations. For non-IVF ovarian stimulation, a strict ovarian stimulation protocol aiming at mono-ovulation should be followed. The Belgian project to prevent multiple pregnancies was started in July 2003. A reimbursement of ART-related laboratory activities was linked to a transfer policy aiming at substantial multiple pregnancy reduction. It’s a nice example of efficient forward looking health economics through responsabilisation. The first results indicate an increase of the number of IVF cycles by more than 30% and a more than 50% reduction of twin pregnancies. The next step will be the prevention of multiple pregnancies associated with non-IVF ovarian stimulation.
Metodología de la Encuesta Nacional de Evaluación del Desempeño

Objective. To describe the sampling design, operative strategy, and data management used in the Encuesta Nacional de Evaluacion del Desempeno (Mexican National Performance Assessment Survey). Material and Methods. A probabilistic, multistage, stratified sample was used to make inferences for each state of the country with representativeness of the urban and rural localities of Mexico. The survey was conducted between November 2002 and April 2003. The study population consisted of individuals in their households. Results. Forty-thousand households were visited all over the country, and 38 746 interviews were obtained, with a non-response rate considerably lower than expected. Conclusions. The methods used to carry out the National Performance Assessment Survey allowed calculation of estimates with measurable accuracy in terms of error and confidence, making the results inferable to the national population.
Under-cover in Kenya: the contribution of non-state actors to mental health coverage

Half of health care in sub-Saharan Africa is privately provided, however, for mental health, the literature is all but absent on these services. Kenya provides a useful case-study, as it has a wellorganized non-state sector and data are readily available. My thesis asks what contribution do non-state actors make to coverage for mental disorders in Kenya? Non-state mental health care is conceived along two axes: for-profit vs. not-for-profit and formal vs. informal. Four empirical chapters use mixed-methods to examine: 1) not-forprofit NGO care; 2) for-profit inpatient care; 3) for-profit outpatient care; and 4) traditional and faith healing. Data were collected on 774 service users and 120 service providers from four primary sources, and two secondary sources, as well as from a wide range of key-informant interviews. The first two chapters set the research question within the context of existing knowledge in the fields of health economics and health services research. The third chapter provides an overview of methods, focusing on cost-effectiveness analysis, case study method, and crosscultural psychiatric epidemiology. The first empirical chapter presents an NGO intervention called the model for Mental Health and Development, evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively, using cost-effectiveness analysis. The second empirical chapter offers a case study of a growing private psychiatric hospital, using regression analysis on the effects of insurance on charge and service use. The third chapter is a short descriptive analysis of a questionnaire completed by psychiatric nurses about their participation in mental health care, and structured interviews with specialist outpatient providers. The final empirical chapter contains qualitative and quantitative data on traditional and faith healing, analysed for similarities and differences. The conclusion ties together findings thematically according to capacity, access and cost, estimating the degree of mental health care coverage offered by non-state actors in Kenya, and offering lessons for policy and research.
A Semiotic Analysis On Symbol In Selected Hollywood Horror Movie Posters

Semiotics is the academic field dedicated to the study of symbols and signs. It is a study of how meaning is created by symbols and signs. As a semiotics study this research analyzes symbols and meanings found on horror movie posters. The research method applied in this study is qualitative descriptive approach to identify, analyze, and explain the symbols and meaning found on the Hollywood Horror Movie Poster. It uses a semiotic theory of Barthes (1983). The data in the discovery and analysis section of this research were taken from 5 Hollywood poster horror films. As the analysis of this research, it was found several symbols of each movie poster consisting of symbols in writing and visual images that are viewed from denotation, connotation and myth in each symbol. Keyword: Semiotics, Symbols, Meaning, and Movie Poster.
An intelligent system for the provision of personalized dietary plans and health monitoring

We present an intelligent web-based system, called h-Life, which addresses the monitoring and improvement of health and lifestyle through the provision of customized dietary plans. Additional plan-related services including monitoring, alerting, reminding and evaluation, complement the functionality of the h-Life system. Several innovative components are integrated in order to efficiently manage the storage, access and retrieval of medical and personal data. Based on the latest technologies in intelligent and communication systems, the system provides the user with personalized dietary plans and lifestyle information, tailored to the individual needs. The h-Life system is based on a scalable and interoperable architecture that can be easily extended to accommodate future needs. Apart from a personal health assistant for the end-users, h-Life is a valuable tool for the health professionals that can remotely monitor their customers and manage the medical knowledge utilized by the system.
Coagulation Measurement and Optimisation in Cardiac Surgery

Coagulation is a complex physiological balancing mechanism that maintains haemostasis when blood vessels are injured. A hypercoaguable state as seen in early sepsis, cancer or pregnancy can cause arterial and/or venous obstruction with disruption of blood-flow and end organ damage. Similarly a hypocoaguable state can cause catastrophic haemorrhage and lead to death. Up to 20% of all blood transfusions in the USA are related to cardiac surgery (1). The pathogenesis of coagulopathy in this patient group is multifactorial: patients are older (2), and more complex and this is reflected in the number of redo surgeries and the concomitant use of agents such as clopidogrel, aspirin, coumarin anticoagulants and heparins. Also cardiopulmonary bypass activates the coagulation system with an initial hypercoaguable state and platelet activation, followed by factor and platelet consumption. Hypothermia, acidosis, hypocalcaemia and the dilutional effects of circuit priming all increase the risk of bleeding (3). Platelet transfusion per se in the perioperative period has been associated with an increased risk of serious adverse events (4). Indeed both red cell and platelet transfusion have been shown to have a negative risk-adjusted effect on health-related quality of life after cardiac surgery (5). The haemostatic status of a patient undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass can change very quickly because of haemorrhage or the use of high dose heparin or protamine and as such blood component administration in cardiac surgery can often be empiric. This is compounded by the limited utility of the standard coagulation tests, which have a slow turnaround time in a setting where there can be rapid changes in coagulation status. All patients presenting for cardiac surgery will be anticoagulated in the perioperative period, either for cardiac or non-cardiac reasons, and an appropriate balance needs to be struck between minimising perioperative blood loss and use of homologous blood products, and avoiding pathological thrombosis. Coagulation status can be measured by means of laboratory tests or near-patient tests (also referred to as point-of-care tests). Effective use and interpretation of these tests can guide physicians and surgeons alike in the use of medications and homologous blood products and timely intervention of surgery to optimise patient outcomes. Indeed, the thromboelastogram (TEG), a point-of-care test, should discriminate “surgical” from “medical” causes of bleeding in this population thus reducing unnecessary transfusions and allowing timely return to the operating room for definitive treatment. The TEG will also
“Engaged Faces”: Measuring and Monitoring Student Engagement from Face and Gaze Behavior

In this research, we investigated on how student engagement could be automatically measured and monitored by analyzing behavioral cues from facial expressions, head movements, and gaze behavior and relate the automatic analysis of collected data with the subjective evaluation of the engagement coming from a questionnaire based on the psychological notion of the ’flow’. In particular, we analyzed the engagement profile during a learning activity performed using three different modalities: slides, technical video-lesson and TED-style-video-lesson (emotional with the teacher). For analyzing video in real-time we developed a module for classifying the level of engagement in a 4-point scale based on a Long Short-Term Memory network. Results show that, for the engagement and the learning evaluation, behavioral measures are important and are related to different aspects of involvement in the perceived learning process.
Ambiguous, informal, and unsound: metaprogramming for naturalness

Program code needs to be understood by both machines and programmers. While the goal of executing programs requires the unambiguity of a formal language, programmers use natural language within these formal constraints to explain implemented concepts to each other. This so called naturalness – the property of programs to resemble human communication – motivated many statistical and machine learning (ML) approaches with the goal to improve software engineering activities. The metaprogramming facilities of most programming environments model the formal elements of a program (meta-objects). If ML is used to support engineering or analysis tasks, complex infrastructure needs to bridge the gap between meta-objects and ML models, changes are not reflected in the ML model, and the mapping from an ML output back into the program’s meta-object domain is laborious. In the scope of this work, we propose to extend metaprogramming facilities to give tool developers access to the representations of program elements within an exchangeable ML model. We demonstrate the usefulness of this abstraction in two case studies on test prioritization and refactoring. We conclude that aligning ML representations with the program’s formal structure lowers the entry barrier to exploit statistical properties in tool development.
Reliable and fast DWARF-based stack unwinding

Debug information, usually encoded in the DWARF format, is a hidden and obscure component of our computing infrastructure. Debug information is obviously used by debuggers, but it also plays a key role in program analysis tools, and, most surprisingly, it can be relied upon by the runtime of high-level programming languages. For instance the C++ runtime leverages DWARF stack unwind tables to implement exceptions! Alas, generating debug information adds significant burden to compiler implementations, and the debug information itself can be pervaded by subtle bugs, making the whole infrastructure unreliable. Additionally, interpreting the debug tables is a time-consuming task and, for some applications as sampling profilers, it turns out to be a performance bottleneck. In this paper we focus on the DWARF . eh_frame table, that enables stack unwinding in absence of frame-pointers. We will describe two techniques to perform validation and synthesis of the DWARF stack unwinding tables, and their implementation for the x86_64 architecture. The validation tool has proven effective for compiler and inline assembly testing, while the synthesis tool can generate DWARF unwind tables for arbitrary binaries lacking debug information. Additionally, we report on a technique to precompile unwind tables into native x86_64 code, which we have implemented and integrated into libunwind, resulting in 11x-25x DWARF-based unwind speedups.
Automatic and scalable detection of logical errors in functional programming assignments

We present a new technique for automatically detecting logical errors in functional programming assignments. Compared to syntax or type errors, detecting logical errors remains largely a manual process that requires hand-made test cases. However, designing proper test cases is nontrivial and involves a lot of human effort. Furthermore, manual test cases are unlikely to catch diverse errors because instructors cannot predict all corner cases of diverse student submissions. We aim to reduce this burden by automatically generating test cases for functional programs. Given a reference program and a student's submission, our technique generates a counter-example that captures the semantic difference of the two programs without any manual effort. The key novelty behind our approach is the counter-example generation algorithm that combines enumerative search and symbolic verification techniques in a synergistic way. The experimental results show that our technique is able to detect 88 more errors not found by mature test cases that have been improved over the past few years, and performs better than the existing property-based testing techniques. We also demonstrate the usefulness of our technique in the context of automated program repair, where it effectively helps to eliminate test-suite-overfitted patches.
Success of Smart Cities Development with Community's Acceptance of New Technologies: Thailand Perspective

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the Internet of Things (IOT) had been propagating in numerous aspects of our social and economic interactions and have started to transform our lifestyle with integration into the implementation in Smart Cities projects throughout the world. Smart Cities are part of the Thailand 4.0 initiatives which started in 2016. Adoption of the new Technology by citizens is essential and mandatory for such Smart City projects. We researched the Technology Acceptance Model and further extended the same with additional aspects to study the factors affecting the real adoption of new technology on the mass scale as part of the Smart Cities implementation.
Consistency management via a combination of triple graph grammars and linear programming

Consistency management is an important task in the context of Domain-Specific Language (DSL) development. It involves operations such as program (model) transformation, synchronisation, integration, and consistency checking, which are all tasks required to enable concurrent engineering using multiple DSLs. Even though consistency management is a well-researched topic, existing approaches either implement a fixed strategy for each consistency management operation, or do not scale for large models. This has been criticised in the literature, as practical applications require not only reasonable scalability with model size, but also unite multiple consistency management tasks within one tool. To raise the adaptability of such a tool to an appropriate level, a uniform way of performing these tasks is a desirable goal. In this paper, we propose an approach to consistency management that leverages a synergetic combination of Triple Graph Grammars and Integer Linear Programming. By modelling consistency management as an optimisation problem with a configurable objective function, we are able to uniformly address a wide range of consistency management operations. We show that our approach scales acceptably in practice, while still guaranteeing that a consistent solution is found if and only if one exists.
A crowdsourcing approach to advance collective awareness and social good practices

Contemporary societies are challenged by many social issues, lots of which relate with environmental threats. Plastic waste's impact on societal well being, economy, and environment has already triggered the need for its revaluation and its transformation into an asset which can inspire and mobilize innovative solutions. This work envisions trusted “wisdom of the crowds” analytics and a grassroots-driven approach to facilitate citizens and stakeholders participatory and engagement practices, under an inspiring crowdsourcing framework and model. A detailed evaluation of the filtering methodology is employed. This three-layer approach for the Data Filtering enables a Crowdsourcing Component implementation to be used as a plastic-topics insightful barometer, able to detect new trends, identify interesting content, spot influential users and generally raise awareness regarding the problem of plastic overuse.
Big Data Informatization Applied to Optimization of Human Resource Performance Management

With the development of technology in the era of digital big data in the network and the promotion of network technology, big data is simultaneously integrated into different industry sectors to achieve Internet performance management, and enhance the new perspective of enterprise human resources performance management activities. Today's Internet, cloud computing, Internet of Things and other industrial technologies have undergone repeated changes, showing an unprecedented picture. At present, the subjective awareness of enterprise human resources performance management is too strong, lack of objective data understanding, and the theoretical framework of big data human resource management is not fully applied. This paper reconstructs the data system from four aspects: data source, collection, integration and analysis. Innovate the human resources performance management method from the system to provide more scientific and specific ideas for human resource performance management.
Bruxism: Theory and Practice

This comprehensive evidence-based guide to bruxism provides answers to many questions arising in everyday dental practice. The first part reviews general bruxism knowledge as well as guidelines for diagnosis, sleep physiology, etiology, peripheral and emotional factors, movement disorders, and bruxism in children. The second part is devoted to the effects of bruxism on the different components of the masticatory system and explores its relationship to pain. The final part addresses the various aspects of bruxism treatment-both pharmacologic and clinical management-as well as particulars of restoration specific to the bruxing patient, including recommended dental materials, considerations for use of implant-supported prostheses, and an overview of complex oral restoration. Researchers, students, and specialists will benefit from the in-depth analysis of bruxism and its treatment and the extensive, up-to-date bibliographies.