Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
T cell dysfunction B cell dysfunction Abnormal neutrophils number and / or function HIV infection Malignancy Solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Chronic systemic illnesses

The advances in medicine have resulted in increasing number of immunocompromised patients with complications related to their underlying disease or the treatment of these conditions. Pulmonary infectious and non-infectious conditions are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients, and represent a diagnostic challenge. This article reviews the major conditions causing pulmonary symptoms in the HIV negative immunocompromised host. It also discusses the role of the different diagnostic methods, including the recent advances in non-invasive studies, in reaching a diagnosis of pulmonary disease in this patient population. © 2008 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The Determinants of life satisfaction among Chinese students in Finland and Russia

The studies of international students’ well-being are of growing significance nowadays, as they are directly aligned with fundamental strategic goals of colleges and universities accepting continuously increasing amount of international students. It is also important for the societies investing money in attracting and retaining young talented professionals, as people believe that recruiting young professionals is essential for sustainable economic development of their countries. International students experience extensive challenges while adapting to the new educational and cultural environment. The subjective well-being of students is an important indicator of satisfaction with their academic and socio-cultural experience in a host country and university, which is highly connected with their educational capacity and the degree of integration into new cultural environment. This study is a quantitative investigation of the interconnections between socio-economic and cultural factors and international students’ psychological adaptation. In particular we are studying the influence of intrinsic (‘openness to change’ values) and extrinsic (HDI) factors on Chinese students’ life satisfaction. Data collection included in-class and on-line surveying of 239 Chinese students living in Finland or Russia for 2-4 years. Correlation and regression analysis was conducted at the data analysis stage. The data were interpreted based on the Self-Determination (Ryan & Deci, 2000), Cross-Cultural Adaptation (Berry, 1997; Searle and Ward, 1990) and Cultural Values (Schwartz, 1992) theories. ‘Cultural fit’ and ‘healthy values’ approaches were discussed to understand the impact of values on adaptation of sojourners. Based on the results of our study, we can conclude that both intrinsic (healthy values) and extrinsic (HDI) factors impact subjective well-being of sojourners. The level of sojourners’ life satisfaction in Finland is higher than in Russia, which is caused by the
The calcium-dependent kinase OsCPK 24 functions in cold stress responses in rice Running Title : OsCPK 24 functions in cold stress responses

Research Article The calcium-dependent kinase OsCPK24 functions in cold stress responses in rice Running Title: OsCPK24 functions in cold stress responses Yu Liu1, Chunjue Xu2, Yanfen Zhu1, Lina Zhang1, Taiyu Chen1, Fei Zhou1, Hao Chen1 and Yongjun Lin1* 1. National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China 2. Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China *Correspondence: Yongjun Lin (yongjunlin@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Vertical velocities from proper motions of red clump giants

Aims. We derive the vertical velocities of disk stars in the range of Galactocentric radii of R = 5−16 kpc within 2 kpc in height from the Galactic plane. This kinematic information is connected to dynamical aspects in the formation and evolution of the Milky Way, such as the passage of satellites and vertical resonance and determines whether the warp is a long-lived or a transient feature. Methods. We used the PPMXL survey, which contains the USNO-B1 proper motions catalog cross-correlated with the astrometry and near-infrared photometry of the 2MASS point source catalog. To improve the accuracy of the proper motions, the systematic shifts from zero were calculated by using the average proper motions of quasars in this PPMXL survey, and we applied the corresponding correction to the proper motions of the whole survey, which reduces the systematic error. From the color-magnitude diagram K versus (J − K) we selected the standard candles corresponding to red clump giants and used the information of their proper motions to build a map of the vertical motions of our Galaxy. We derived the kinematics of the warp both analytically and through a particle simulation to fit these data. Complementarily, we also carried out the same analysis with red clump giants spectroscopically selected with APOGEE data, and we predict the improvements in accuracy that will be reached with future Gaia data. Results. A simple model of warp with the height of the disk zw(R ,φ ) = γ(R − R� )s in(φ − φw) fits the vertical motions if u γ/γ = −34 ± 17 Gyr −1 ; the contribution to u comes from the southern warp and is negligible in the north. If we assume this 2σ detection to be real, the period of this oscillation is shorter than 0.43 Gyr at 68.3% C.L. and shorter than 4.64 Gyr at 95.4% C.L. , which excludes with high confidence the slow variations (periods longer than 5 Gyr) that correspond to long-lived features. Our particle simulation also indicates a probable abrupt decrease of the warp amplitude in a time of about one hundred Myr. Conclusions. The vertical motion in the warp apparently indicates that the main S-shaped structure of the warp is a long-lived feature, whereas the perturbation that produces an irregularity in the southern part is most likely a transient phenomenon. But we need higher accuracy in the systematic errors of proper motions to confirm this tentative detection of vertical motion in the outer disk. With the use of the Gaia end-of-mission products together with spectroscopically classified red clump giants, the precision in vertical motions can be increased by an order of magnitude at least.
Application of institutional realism to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization ( SCO ) Aylin Aksu

China’s ever growing importance in world affairs and politics has not gone by unnoticed. However, conventional IR theories fail to explain how the emerging superpower has been expanding its role in regional institutions. The rather novel theory of scholar Kai He of institutional realism will be applied to China’s involvement in the formation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). His theory combines traditional neorealism with elements of the neoliberal interdependence theory in an attempt to provide a holistic approach to the PRC’s foreign policy decisions.
20 Evaluation of Soil Hydraulic Parameters in Soils and Land Use Change

The knowledge of soil water properties and land-use effects on these properties are important for efficient soil and water management. Furthermore, the use of the pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to estimate soil water content (θh) is important to assess. The loosening effect of dryland farming on soil water retention is known. In this chapter we review soil water content, pedotransfer functions and some infiltration models applicability for two land-use types. The land-use effect on soil water retention may be significant at water potentials of -33 kPa and 0 kPa in the soil. At the -1500 kPa pressure head, water content may not be affected by cultivation of rangeland at different soil depths. In addition, pedotransfer functions can be used as a physically based model for soil water retention characterization in the various areas. Moreover, it is essential to evaluate the infiltration models applicability for different soils and various land-uses.
Running title : HOXC 10 inhibits MSC osteogenic differentiation Homeobox C 10 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells

Purpose: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a reliable cell source for tissue regeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the directed differentiation of MSCs remain unclear which impedes potential clinical applications. Recent studies have discovered that HOX genes are involved in the differentiation regulation of MSCs a d bone formation. In this study, we investigate the HOXC10 function in the osteogenic differentiation potential of MSCs. Materials and Methods: Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were used in this study. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays, ALP staining, Alizarin red staining, quantitative calcium analysis, osteogenesis-associated gene expression and in vivo transplantation experiments were used to study osteogenic differentiation potential. Results: Our results showed that over-expression of HOXC10 in SCAPs inhibited ALP activity and mineralization in vitro and decreased the mRNA expression of collagen alpha-1 (I) chain (COL1A1), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN) and a key transcription factor, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), in SCAPs. Depletion of HOXC10 promoted osteogenic differentiation in SCAPs in vitro. In addition, in vivo transplantation experiments in nude mice confirmed that SCAPs osteogenesis was triggered when HOXC10 was down-regulated. Furthermore, depletion of HOXC10 also enhanced osteogenic differentiation in Ac ce pte d M an us cri pt 3 ADSCs. Conclusions: Taken together, these results indicated that HOXC10 decreased the MSC osteogenic differentiation potential. Thus, inhibition of HOXC10 in MSCs might have the potential to improve tissue regeneration and provide insight into the mechanism underlying the directed differentiation of MSCs.
Extract Respiratory Signal ( s ) Fuse Signals Estimate BR ( s ) Fuse BR Estimates Quality Assessment ECG or PPG BR

Breathing rate (BR) is a key physiological parameter used in a range of clinical settings. Despite its diagnostic and prognostic value, it is still widely measured by counting breaths manually. A plethora of algorithms have been proposed to estimate BR from the electrocardiogram (ECG) and pulse oximetry (photoplethysmogram, PPG) signals. These BR algorithms provide opportunity for automated, electronic and unobtrusive measurement of BR in both healthcare and fitness monitoring. This paper presents a review of the literature on BR estimation from the ECG and PPG. Firstly, the structure of BR algorithms and the mathematical techniques used at each stage are described. Secondly, the experimental methodologies which have been used to assess the performance of BR algorithms are reviewed, and a methodological framework for the assessment of BR algorithms is presented. Thirdly, we outline the most pressing directions for future research, including the steps required to use BR algorithms in wearable sensors, remote video monitoring, and clinical practice.
Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

There is a growing interest in fuel cells for hybrid system. Fuel cells when combined with conventional turbine power plants offer high fuel efficiencies. The feature of certain fuel cells (SOFC, MCFC), which makes them suitable for hybrid systems, is their high operating temperature. In this work, a detailed thermodynamic model of SOFC/Gas turbine hybrid system is simulated in Matlab-Simulink. Various configurations of the hybrid configuration are proposed and analyzed. A comparative study based upon performance parameters, such as SOFC power, turbine inlet temperature, and exhaust temperature is used to select the best configuration. Simple thermodynamic models for the compressor and turbine are used during the configuration selection. Once the configuration is selected, more realistic compressor and turbine models based on performance maps are incorporated into the model and used to study design and off-design performance of the hybrid system. The results are compared to the available literature.
Inflation and the growth rate of money in the long run and the short run

Between 1960 and 2013, in the United States the inflation rate was essentially proportional to the growth rate of money in the long run, but that relationship did not hold in the short run. We ask whether three standard monetary model economies from the Cash-in-Advance, the New-Keynesian, and the Search-Money frameworks replicate these two facts. We find that all three deliver the first fact, but that they fail to deliver the second fact, since in all three of them the inflation rate is proportional to the growth rate of money both in the long run and in the short run. This is because in all three model economies the price level responds too quickly to changes in the growth rate of money.
A REFLECTION MODEL FOR THE CYCLOTRON LINES IN THE SPECTRA OF X-RAY PULSARS

Cyclotron resonance scattering features observed in the spectra of some X-ray pulsars show significant changes of the line energy with the pulsar luminosity. At high luminosities, these variations are often associated with the onset and growth of the accretion column, which is believed to be the origin of the observed emission and of the cyclotron lines. However, this scenario inevitably implies a large gradient of the magnetic field strength within the line-forming region, which makes the formation of the observed line-like features problematic. Moreover, the observed variation of the cyclotron line energy is much smaller than could be anticipated for the corresponding luminosity changes. We argue here that a more physically realistic situation is that the cyclotron line forms when the radiation emitted by the accretion column is reflected from the neutron star surface, where the gradient of the magnetic field strength is significantly smaller. Here we develop a reflection model and apply it to explain the observed variations of the cyclotron line energy in a bright X-ray pulsar V 0332+53 over a wide range of luminosities.
Multiple Rumor Source Detection with Graph Convolutional Networks

Detecting rumor source in social networks is one of the key issues for defeating rumors automatically. Although many efforts have been devoted to defeating online rumors, most of them are proposed based an assumption that the underlying propagation model is known in advance. However, this assumption may lead to impracticability on real data, since it is usually difficult to acquire the actual underlying propagation model. Some attempts are developed by using label propagation to avoid the limitation caused by lack of prior knowledge on the underlying propagation model. Nonetheless, they still suffer from the shortcoming that the node label is simply an integer which may restrict the prediction precision. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based model, namely GCNSI (Graph Convolutional Networks based Source Identification), to locate multiple rumor sources without prior knowledge of underlying propagation model. By adopting spectral domain convolution, we build node representation by utilizing its multi-order neighbors information such that the prediction precision on the sources is improved. We conduct experiments on several real datasets and the results demonstrate that our model outperforms state-of-the-art model.
Analysing PM2.5 and its Association with PM10 and Meteorology in the Arid Climate of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACTAtmospheric Particulate Matter (PM) is considered one of the most critical air pollutants in terms of its detrimental health impacts, environmental degradations and visibility. Particles size, their chemical composition and atmospheric levels are important factors for determining their adverse health impacts. In this paper various aspects of PM2.5 are analysed including PM2.5/PM10 ratios and association with meteorological parameters using data collected from January 2014 to September 2015 in Makkah Saudi Arabia. During the study period, mean PM2.5/PM10 ratio was found to be 0.64, whereas median and maximum ratios were 0.69 and 0.99, respectively. Diurnal, weekly and annual cycles of PM10, PM2.5 and their ratios were analysed, which demonstrated considerable variations during various hours of the day, days of the week and months of the year. PM2.5/PPM10 ratios were lower in summer (June and July) and higher in winter (November and December), likewise the ratios were lower during afternoon and higher in the morning and evening. As expected, there was a positive correlation between PM10 and PM2.5 (r = 0.51) and both PM10 and PM2.5 showed negative association with relative humidity and positive with wind speed and temperature. Furthermore, PM2.5/PM10 ratios were lower ( 0.70) at higher relative humidity (35–90%), indicating a shift towards high PM2.5 concentrations at higher relative humidity. Polar plots showed lowest ratios at high wind speed (> 3 m s–1) blowing from west and southwest direction in summer, and highest ratios at low wind speed (< 2 m s–1) in winter. Polar plots were successfully applied to show the interaction between various meteorological parameters and PM2.5/PM10 ratios. Further work on source apportionment and receptor modelling of PM is required to help develop air quality index and prepare an effective air quality plan for Makkah.
ANNALI DI BOTANICA Ann . Bot . ( Roma ) , 2013 , 3 : 31 – 33

In this paper we introduce a program for testing for habitat filtering in local communities compared to a regional species pool. Based on phylogenetic or functional species data, the program first calculates the mean species dissimilarity in the local community. Next, it compares this value with a null distribution of expected values obtained drawing species randomly and without replacement from the regional species pool.
Asteroseismology of DAV white dwarf stars and G29–38

Asteroseismology is a powerful tool used for detecting the inner structure of stars, which is also widely used to study white dwarfs. We discuss the asteroseismology of DAV stars. The period-to-period fitting method is discussed in detail, including its reliability in detecting the inner structure of DAV stars. If we assume that all observed modes of some DAV stars are the l = 1 cases, the errors associated with model fitting will be always large. If we assume that the observed modes are composed of l = 1 and 2 modes, the errors associated with model fitting in this case will be small. However, there will be modes identified as l = 2 that do not have observed quintuplets. G29–38 has been observed spectroscopically and photometrically for many years. Thompson et al. made l modes identifications in the star through the limb darkening effect. With 11 known l modes, we also study the asteroseismology of G29–38, which reduces the blind l fittings and is a fair choice. Unfortunately, our two best-fitting models are not in line with the previous atmospheric results. Based on factors like only a few observed modes, stability and identification of eigenmodes, identification of spherical degrees, construction of physical and realistic models and so on, detecting the inner structure of DAV stars by asteroseismology needs further development.
Interference Minimization for Device-to-Device Communications: A Combinatorial Approach

Device-to-device (D2D) communication in an underlaying cellular network is becoming increasingly common in telecommunication systems, and it will play a vital role in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond. The base stations manage the cellular users. The D2D pairs communicate directly without using the base station. This direct and short-range communication of D2D pairs improve the energy efficiency. It also enables inter-device applications such as location-based emergency services, commercial advertisements, etc. D2D pairs share spectrum resources from cellular users. This sharing generates a significant amount of interference in mobile communication. We study the problem of assigning resources from cellular users to D2D pairs such that the total interference is minimized subject to a minimum target sum rate. We give a two-phase combinatorial algorithm which computes an allocation of resources subject to the sum rate constraint. For the case when the interference between any communicating D2D pair is uniform, the algorithm finds an optimal solution in polynomial time.
Declarative User Selection with Soft Constraints

In applications with large userbases such as crowdsourcing, social networks or recommender systems, selecting users is a common and challenging task. Different applications require different policies for selecting users, and implementing such policies is applicationspecific and laborious. To this end, we introduce a novel declarative framework that abstracts common components of the user selection problem, while allowing for domain-specific tuning. The framework is based on an ontology view of user profiles, with respect to which we define a query language for policy specification. Our language extends SPARQL with means for capturing soft constraints which are essential for worker selection. At the core of our query engine is then a novel efficient algorithm for handling these constraints. Our experimental study on real-life data indicates the effectiveness and flexibility of our approach, showing in particular that it outperforms existing task-specific solutions in prominent user selection tasks.
Cache-Line Transactions: Building Blocks for Persistent Kernel Data Structures Enabled by AspectC++

With the availability of systems that contain large amounts of byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVRAM), there is a growing need for data structures that can be mapped into a process's address space and be used without data (de-)serialization. While NVRAM is able to retain memory contents during system failure and power loss, data consistency has to be preserved by using transactional operations for data manipulation. This paper describes a lightweight and efficient transaction mechanism for small data structures in memory-mapped NVRAM. The size per data structure is limited to half a cache-line, so that the approach cannot serve as a general purpose mechanism for arbitrary applications, but could be used within an operating system as a low-level building block for more complex data structures. By using aspect-oriented programming with AspectC++, the mechanism can be used in an almost transparent manner, which helps to avoid many possible sources for bugs.
Distributed Surface Reconstruction from Point Cloud for City-Scale Scenes

Image based 3D modeling is an effective way to reconstruct large-scale scenes, especially city-level scenarios. In the image based modeling pipeline, obtaining a watertight mesh model from a noisy multiple view stereo point cloud is a key step to ensure the model quality. However, state-of-the-art method [34] relies on the global Delaunay-based optimization formed by all points and cameras, and will encounter scale problem when dealing with large scenes. To circumvent this limitation, this paper proposes a distributed surface reconstruction approach which could handle city-scale scenes with limited memory and time consumption. Firstly, the whole scene is adaptively divided into several chunks with overlapping boundaries, and each chunk can satisfy the memory limit. Then, the Delaunay-based optimization is performed to extract meshes for each chunk in parallel. Finally, the local meshes are merged together by resolving local inconsistencies in the overlapping areas. We test the proposed method on three city-scale scenes with billions of points and tens of thousands of images, and demonstrate its scalability and completeness compared with the state-of-the-art methods.