Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial barriers and the bypassing of nearby dental clinics for dental services: a secondary data analysis in Korea

Objective This study aimed to calculate the distance patients travel to dental clinics, the rate of bypassing nearby dental clinics and the distance covered when bypassing nearby dental clinics, and explored factors associated with patients’ spatial access to dental clinics. Design A secondary data analysis. Setting Korea Health Panel. Participants We included users of dental care services from 2008 to 2011. A total of 2375 patients and 15 978 dental visits were analysed. Primary outcome measures Korea Health Panel data (2008–2011) were used to geocode patients’ and healthcare facilities’ addresses. The distance travelled was calculated using road network information. To analyse the panel data, we adopted a generalised estimating equation: geographical measures on the choice of dental care facility were examined based on sex, age, educational level, equivalent income, treatment details and regional classification. Results The median distance travelled to a dental clinic was 1.8 km, which is farther for rural (8.4 km) than for urban (1.5 km) patients. The bypass rate was 58.9%. Patients bypassing nearby dental clinics travelled 9.6 times farther for dental care (p<0.001). Unlike bypass distance, travel distance was not associated with equivalent income. People with higher education and those with implants/orthodontic treatment were more likely to bypass nearby dental clinics and travelled 1.27 times and 1.17 times farther (p<0.01), respectively. Conclusions Given the spatial barrier to available dental resources, factors associated with spatial access were mostly the same between travel and bypass distance except for equivalent income. The findings of this study suggest that spatial distance acts as a utilisation barrier and demands additional opportunity cost. At the same time, patients’ preferences for services also increase their willingness to bypass nearby dental clinics and travel greater distances.
High-flow Nasal Cannula: Mechanisms of Action and Adult and Pediatric Indications

The use of the heated and humidified high-flow nasal cannula has become increasingly popular in the treatment of patients with respiratory failure through all age groups. This article will examine the main mechanisms of actions attributed to the use of the high-flow nasal cannula and review the indications in adult and pediatric populations (outside of the neonatal period). It is unclear which of the mechanisms of action is the most important, but it may depend on the cause of the patient’s respiratory failure. This article describes the mechanism of action in an easy to remember mnemonic (HIFLOW); Heated and humidified, meets Inspiratory demands, increases Functional residual capacity (FRC), Lighter, minimizes Oxygen dilution, and Washout of pharyngeal dead space. We will also examine some of the main indications for its use in both the adult and pediatric age groups. The data for the use of high-flow nasal cannula is growing, and currently, some of the main adult indications include hypoxemic respiratory failure due to pneumonia, post-extubation, pre-oxygenation prior to intubation, acute pulmonary edema, and use in patients who are "do not resuscitate or intubate". The main pediatric indication is in infants with bronchiolitis, but other indications are being studied, such as its use in asthma, croup, pneumonia, transport of a critically ill child, and post-extubation.
Blood parasites infecting the Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin), a unique neotropical folivorous bird

The Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin) is the only extant member of the order Opisthocomiformes. This unique South American bird lives in the riparian lowland vegetation characteristic of the Amazon and Orinoco basins. Hoatzins nest in communal social units close to water bodies; they are strictly folivores being the only bird with pregastric fermentation in the crop. Because of the complex logistics involved in capturing this bird, there is a knowledge gap on its parasites. This study documents two distant lineages of haemosporidian parasites (Plasmodium spp.) in a juvenile and two adults sampled in the Cojedes state, Venezuela. Although negative by microscopy, the parasite identification was possible by using molecular methods. We estimated the phylogenetic relationships on the parasite cytochrome b (cytb, 480 bp) gene and the mitochondrial DNA. We found one of the parasites lineages in two individuals (nestling and adult), and the corresponding fragment of cytb was identical to a one found in Wood Stork (Mycteria americana) from Brazil. The other lineage, found in an adult, has an identity of 469 out of 478 bp (98%) with Plasmodium sp. GAL-2012 (isolate THAMB08) from Brazil. Although a morphological description of these parasites was not possible, this is the first molecular study focusing on Hoatzin haemosporidian parasites and the first documentation of Plasmodium infections in the Hoatzin from Venezuela. Furthermore, we reported microfilaria in two adults as well as hematological parameters for six individuals. Information on hematological parameters could contribute to establishing the necessary baseline to detect underlying conditions, such as infections, in this bird species.
L’identification des opportunités d’investissement en incertitude : le jugement intuitif des Business Angels dans le financement des firmes entrepreneuriales

Nous analysons l’identification des opportunites d’investissement dans le cas specifique du financement de l’amorcage des firmes porteuses d’innovation. L’absence d’informations pertinentes et objectives au demarrage remet en cause la capacite postulee des investisseurs a evaluer objectivement la rentabilite des firmes entrepreneuriales. Ainsi, nous etudions la vraie strategie psycho-cognitive sous-jacente a la creation du sens autour du potentiel des projets en se focalisant sur un acteur specifique, le Business Angel (BA). Nous postulons que cet investissement suit un processus de jugement intuitif. L’analyse qualitative des notes d’observation et des entretiens permet de construire un modele decrivant la maniere dont le BA produit in situ de nouveaux construits utiles dans sa perception. Nous mettons aussi en evidence des comportements reflexifs reduisant l’erreur dans sa decision. Ainsi, l’intuition du BA doit etre vue comme une reelle approche de transformation situationnelle d’indicateurs a travers des manipulations langagieres. Nous offrons une nouvelle perspective dans la comprehension du comportement des capital-risqueurs qui sont susceptibles d’accompagner financierement les firmes innovantes des leur phase de demarrage. Nos resultats sont aussi generalisables a des contexte ou l’aptitude intuitive devant une source d’efficience decisionnelle. Nous faisons des propositions theoriques qui orienteront les etudes futures.
Oviposition preference of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) at different times after pruning ‘Italia’ table grapes grown in Brazil

Abstract Studies investigating oviposition preference of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) in table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivated in the São Francisco River Valley can provide important information to guide control measures, therefore minimizing damage caused by this species in the region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oviposition preference of C. capitata females for berries cv. ‘Italia’ collected at five different times (60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 d after production pruning [DAPP]), representing five grapevine growth stages. We also assessed the performance of immature stages of C. capitata regarding the physiological development of the berry. The total soluble solid content was significantly higher in berries at more advanced physiological developmental stages (90 and 100 DAPP). Conversely, these berries showed the lowest values of firmness and titratable acidity. With the onset of physiological development, the average number of punctures per berry increased and reached 5.2 per berry in 100 DAPP berries. The infestation level and pupal weight showed a positive correlation with the growth stage. The highest recovery of pupae was observed in 100 DAPP berries (1.54). Pupal viability values ranged from 50.9 to 64.7% independent of berry maturity stage. The physiological developmental stage of the berry did not affect offspring sex ratio. Results obtained suggest that regardless of the female preference for laying eggs on berries in a more advanced physiological developmental stage, females can initiate the attack to bunches of this cultivar at 60 DAPP, even if the berries have unfavorable physicochemical parameters for oviposition and development of larvae.
Higher Levels of Protein Palmitoylation in the Frontal Cortex across Aging Were Associated with Reference Memory and Executive Function Declines

Abstract Cognitive decline with aging is often due to altered levels of protein expression. The NMDA receptor (NMDAR) and the complex of proteins surrounding the receptor are susceptible to age-related changes in expression. In the frontal cortex of aged mice, there is a significant loss of expression of the GluN2B subunit of the NMDAR, an increase in Fyn expression, and no change in PSD-95. Studies have also found that, in the frontal cortex, phosphorylation of GluN2B subunits and palmitoylation of GluN2 subunits and NMDAR complex proteins are affected by age. In this study, we examined some of the factors that may lead to the differences in the palmitoylation levels of NMDAR complex proteins in the frontal cortex of aged animals. The Morris water maze was used to test spatial learning in 3- and 24-month-old mice. The acyl–biotinyl exchange method was used to precipitate palmitoylated proteins from the frontal cortices and hippocampi of the mice. Additionally, brain lysates from old and young mice were probed for the expression of fatty acid transporter proteins. An age-related increase of palmitoylated GluN2A, GluN2B, Fyn, PSD-95, and APT1 (acyl protein thioesterase 1) in the frontal cortex was associated with poorer reference memory and/or executive functions. These data suggest that there may be a perturbation in the palmitoylation cycle in the frontal cortex of aged mice that contributes to age-related cognitive declines.
Drosophila as a Genetic Model for Hematopoiesis

In this FlyBook chapter, we present a survey of the current literature on the development of the hematopoietic system in Drosophila. The Drosophila blood system consists entirely of cells that function in innate immunity, tissue integrity, wound healing, and various forms of stress response, and are therefore functionally similar to myeloid cells in mammals. The primary cell types are specialized for phagocytic, melanization, and encapsulation functions. As in mammalian systems, multiple sites of hematopoiesis are evident in Drosophila and the mechanisms involved in this process employ many of the same molecular strategies that exemplify blood development in humans. Drosophila blood progenitors respond to internal and external stress by coopting developmental pathways that involve both local and systemic signals. An important goal of these Drosophila studies is to develop the tools and mechanisms critical to further our understanding of human hematopoiesis during homeostasis and dysfunction.
PENERAPAN KOMIK STRIP SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATA KULIAH MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH METRO

Proses pembelajaran harus didukung oleh interaksi antara mahasiswa dan dosen secara efekif. Mahasiswa yang tidak mempunyai minat pada saat pembelajaran harus dicarikan solusi untuk mengatasinya karena akan berdampak pada hasil belajar yang rendah. Salah satu solusi untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran yang kurang menarik yaitu dengan penerapan media komik strip. Media pembelajaran ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan minat mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Ditinjau dari apek yang diteliti, penelitian ini merupakan study kasus ( c ase study ). Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen. Pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi data yaitu triangulasi sumber, metode dan teori. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penerapan pembelajaran menggunakan media komik strip yang dilakukan memberi dampak positif terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran. Respon mahasiswa terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran dikelas terlihat lebih antusias menggunakan media komik strip. Mereka lebih berminat untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk gambar dan cerita yang akan ditampilkan dalam media komik strip sehingga ketika mereka membaca media komik strip secara tidak langsung mereka mempelajari materi pembelajaran. Minat belajar mahasiswa cenderung meningkat jika dibandingkan dengan sebelum menggunakan media komik strip. Dengan demikian pemanfaatan media komik strip sebagai media pembelajaran manajemen keuangan dapat eningkatkan minat siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran
Misidentification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Other Burkholderia Species From Pediatric Infections in Mexico

Abstract Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia cepacia complex are poorly studied in Mexico. The genotypic analysis of 38 strains isolated from children with pneumonia were identified and showed that both Burkholderia groups were present in patients. From our results, it is plausible to suggest that new species are among the analyzed strains.
A revision of the new genus Amiga Nakahara, Willmott & Espeland, gen. n., described for Papilioarnaca Fabricius, 1776 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)

Abstract We here propose a new, monotypic genus, Amiga Nakahara, Willmott & Espeland, gen. n. , to harbor a common Neotropical butterfly, described as Papilioarnaca Fabricius, 1776, and hitherto placed in the genus Chloreuptychia Forster, 1964. Recent and ongoing molecular phylogenetic research has shown Chloreuptychia to be polyphyletic, with C.arnaca proving to be unrelated to remaining species and not readily placed in any other described genus. Amigaarnacagen. n. et comb. n. as treated here is a widely distributed and very common species ranging from southern Mexico to southern Brazil. A neotype is designated for the names Papilioarnaca and its junior synonym, Papilioebusa Cramer, 1780, resulting in the treatment of the latter name as a junior objective synonym of the former. A lectotype is designated for Euptychiasericeella Bates, 1865, which is treated as a subspecies, Amigaarnacasericeella (Bates, 1865), comb. n. et stat. n. , based on molecular and morphological evidence. We also describe two new taxa, Amigaarnacaadela Nakahara & Espeland, ssp. n. and Amigaarnacaindianacristoi Nakahara & Marín, ssp. n. , new subspecies from the western Andes and eastern Central America, and northern Venezuela, respectively.
Re-evaluating the importance of carbohydrates as regenerative biomaterials

Carbohydrates are the most abundant natural biomaterials in the world. By interacting with cells of a variety of levels, they take part in essential functions of organisms including cellular communication, inflammation, infection development and disease. These carbohydrate–cell interactions occur on a variety of levels through glycoconjugates such as glycolipids, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), glycoproteins and proteoglycans [1–4]. The roles of carbohydrates in biological systems pose them as some of the most sought-after biomaterials. The use of these multifaceted molecules provides the opportunity to tailor desired responses depending on the target application [1–5]. Genomics and proteomics have been oriented to discover the information contained in either the genetic code of different organisms or in the amino acid sequences of proteins, respectively. However, the area of glycomics is still very new, with its goal to achieve the level of understanding with glycans, as with other natural molecules [4, 6, 7]. In particular, glycomics researchers hypothesize that the capabilities of polysaccharides to store biological information is more extensive than other molecules, due to the varied glycosidic bonds and interactions between saccharides, as well as the different conformational structures that they can adopt [1, 3, 4, 7]. Elucidation of the complex interactions between specific polysaccharide sequences and other biomolecules is one of the main goals of glycomics [2]. This information would be extremely valuable for the design of novel solutions to biological and chemical challenges. Advances in glycomics research would be of great advantage to the biochemical, medical and materials science fields. Understanding the functions of polysaccharides in cell–cell interactions, inflammation signaling and the progression of different diseases will enable the rational-design of biomaterial platforms, targeting molecules or treatments [8]. Moreover, the potential applications of this knowledge in drug delivery and tissue engineering are innumerable. Therefore, this perspective will discuss some of the current applications of polysaccharides in these fields and discuss new frontiers in polysaccharide biomaterials research.
Illuminating Women’s Hidden Contribution to Historical Theoretical Population Genetics

Through careful review of one eminent journal over the 1970s and 80s, Dung et al. found a surprisingly high proportion of the computational work was carried out by women. Consistent with authorship norms of the time. While productivity in academia is measured through authorship, not all scientific contributors have been recognized as authors. We consider nonauthor “acknowledged programmers” (APs), who developed, ran, and sometimes analyzed the results of computer programs. We identified APs in Theoretical Population Biology articles published between 1970 and 1990, finding that APs were disproportionately women (P = 4.0 × 10−10). We note recurrent APs who contributed to several highly-cited manuscripts. The occurrence of APs decreased over time, corresponding to the masculinization of computer programming and the shift of programming responsibilities to individuals credited as authors. We conclude that, while previously overlooked, historically, women have made substantial contributions to computational biology. For a video of this abstract, see: https://vimeo.com/313424402.
Peripheral Device Register Support for Source Code Boilerplate Generator of QEMU Development Toolkit

QEMU emulator is used together with different security tools to solve problems where maximum control over virtual machine is required. Absence of a proper VM with specific devices is a widespread issue. Also, development of a new virtual device (device model) is a error prone and time consuming process. The QEMU Development Toolkit (QDT) can be used to simplify the first stage of this process by generating boilerplate code for models. Currently QDT can generate the bulk of device model code. The paper discusses some extensions of QDT capabilities. A device register model was added. The register model allows to generate extra code for frequently met device register behavior patterns. The model is implemented as an extension to QDT device description API in Python. Evaluation showed that size of device register description is half of C-code boilerplate generated from it. The register description is gathered in one place, that's more convenient for developer whereas generated code is spread across the boilerplate.
In Vitro Growth of Nyamplung (Callophylum inophyllum): The Future Generation Biofule Plants

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is a potential tree for renewable world energy resources, producing future generation biofuel plants. Propagation technique is required for large scale plantation with highest oil yield of nyamplung. In this study, tissue culture techniques were used for evaluated the optimized nyamplung growth hormone. Shoots rejuvenation were used as explant in MS media enriched with NAA 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup>, 1 mgL<sup>−1</sup>; 1.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup>; BAP 1 mgL<sup>−1</sup>, 2 mgL<sup>−1</sup> and 3 mgL<sup>−1</sup> and Kinetin 0.15 mgL<sup>−1</sup>. Shoot and root were induced on the all media used after 10 months incubation. The highest shoot elongation was MS media enriched with 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> NAA, 1 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 0.15 mgL<sup>−1</sup> Kinetin (10.54 ± 1.98 cm) and the highest root elongation was also in this media (4.65 ± 0.68 cm). Although all the explants rooted after 3 months, in this same media induced a faster root differentiation than the other treatments. NAA concentration higher than 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> had no effect on the sprouting process. BAP concentration higher than 3 mgL<sup>−1</sup> inhibited callus inductions. The low rates of mortality of rooted plantlets were observed in acclimatization (98 % plants live and grow well up to 6 months of observation). The best hormone concentration of nyamplung media regeneration was expected the highest multiplication for mass micro propagation.
Classification of White Blood Cells Using L-Moments Invariant Features of Nuclei Shape

Automated classification of white blood cells from microscope images is still challenging, particularly in terms of feature representations choice considering its complexity, compactness and efficiency. Particularly, in this scenario, the feature representations have to be invariant to non-uniform illumination, shape of the nuclei, stage of maturity, change in topology due to rotation, scale and shifting. This paper proposes a new white blood cell feature representation which aims at increasing robustness to those challenges. The proposed feature representation is designed based on L-moments (L-skewness, L-mean, L-scale and L-kurtosis) of the Radon projection of segmented nuclei shape. Coupled with Linear Discriminant Analysis, the proposed feature representation has been shown to be highly effective at encoding the discriminative properties of the white blood cells, and invariant to intra-class cell variations. Support Vector Machine (SVM) based (ones-vs-all) schema and a classification tree are applied to separate the multiple classes of cells. The proposed approach is evaluated for a 10-class problem. It achieves an average classification accuracy of 97.23% and outperforms all other feature representations, including bispectral invariant, local binary pattern, and histogram of oriented gradients using the same classifier on the same dataset. The proposed method is also compared and benchmarked with the other 12 existing techniques for classification of white blood cells into 10 classes over the same datasets and the results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy in comparison with other approaches. The proposed method is also highly competitive in terms of computation and efficiency in comparison with other approaches.