Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design & optimization of Parallel Self timed Adder using advance technique

Transistor count is the primary concern which affects the design complexity of the circuit. For such submicron CMOS technology area, power dissipation and speed are very important factors for high speed and low power applications. An Asynchronous Parallel Self-timed Adder (PASTA) implemented by using Gate Diffusion Input (GDI) Technique. This advanced technique used to reduce area, power and transistor count effectively as compare to other CPL, DPL and conventional CMOS design. PASTA design uses multiplexers along with half adders. For bits that do not need any carry chain propagation the operation is parallel. Thus, not requiring a speedup circuitry. According to carry signal, completion detection unit enables the selection line of MUX which will decides the input to half adder. Simulation study have been performed using Tanner EDA that verifies the correctness of the proposed technique executed in 90nm.
A TSV repair method for clustered faults

Three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D-ICs) using Through-silicon Vias (TSVs) allow the stacking multiple dies to manufacture chips with many benefits, such as high density and high bandwidth. Unfortunately, the yield of 3D dies, stacking with a large number of TSVs is significantly impacted by the reliability of TSVs. In order to improve the yield of 3D-ICs, TSVs must be reparable. In practice, the faulty TSVs may cluster because of the imperfect bonding quality of TSVs. A right trapezoidal grouping based method was proposed to repair clustered faulty TSVs in this paper. Experimental results show that the yield of the proposed method is 99.80% with 50% area reduction compared to that of the router-based method.
HiL evaluation of an on-chip-based optimal H∞ controller on the stability of a MAV in flight simulation

This work introduces a novel methodology to assist the evaluation of a wide class of control algorithms for all-type aircrafts using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) based flight simulation. The originality of this paper is using Microsoft Flight Simulator (MSFS) as the environment to embed both dynamic and graphic models of Ascending Technologies Pelican MAV (Mini Aerial Vehicle) flying robot, and using an external embedded system to control the attitude of this virtual aircraft. The full duplex communication between the virtual aircraft and the control algorithm is achieved by a custom Delphi software named FVMS (Flight Variables Management System), presented in its first version in Aeroconf 2013, fully developed by Aerial Robots Team (ART). FVMS software is able to reach (read/write) a large number of flight variables from MSFS, send them to the external hardware and receive back the control signals to actuate in the virtual aircraft. We first completely present FVMS system architecture and main features. Later, the synthesis and the application of the optimal H-Infinity robust control algorithm in the external embedded system, connected to FMVS through USB interface at 115.200 bits/s of baud rate. The microcontroller used was the Microchip 16-bits dsPIC33FJ128MC706A, which assumes the complete attitude control of the virtual Pelican MAV robot. Regarding MAVs control evaluation, HiL simulation, considerably contributes to save battery time, to ease control synthesis and prototyping and to prevent accidents during tests with the real robot. The final goal is to evaluate the stability of the Pelican platform in hovering tasks in flight simulation focusing on the efficiency of the external hardware to properly deal with the optimal H-Infinity robust control algorithm actions. The HiL control of the MAV capabilities can be extended to assist the design of other classes of controllers. Such methodology allows designers to expedite control changes, e.g., gain modification in execution time.
A General Theory of ( Identification in the ) Limit and Convergence ( to the Truth )

I propose a new definition of identification in the limit (also called convergence to the truth), as a new success criterion that is meant to complement, rather than replacing, the classic definition due to Gold (1967). The new definition is designed to explain how it is possible to have successful learning in a kind of scenario that Gold’s classic account ignores—the kind of scenario in which the entire infinite data stream to be presented incrementally to the learner is not presupposed to completely determine the correct learning target. From a purely mathematical point of view, the new definition employs a convergence concept that generalizes net convergence and sits in between pointwise convergence and uniform convergence. Two results are proved to suggest that the new definition provides a success criterion that is by no means weak: (i) Between the new identification in the limit and Gold’s classic one, neither implies the other. (ii) If a learning method identifies the correct target in the limit in the new sense, any U-shaped learning involved therein has to be redundant and can be removed while maintaining the new kind of identification in the limit. I conclude that we should have (at least) two success criteria that correspond to two senses of identification in the limit: the classic one and the one proposed here. They are complementary: meeting any one of the two is good; meeting both at the same time, if possible, is even better.
Improved codebook design for precoding of OSTBCs in correlated MIMO channels with finite rate feedback

In this paper, we propose a novel codebook-based precoding design for orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) over multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels with finite rate feedback. The proposed approach aims at providing better system performance by utilizing the property of OSTBCs and the prior information of the statistical antenna correlation. Under a new way of controlling the average transmit power, a novel structure of precoding matrix is given, which is different from the unitary precoding. Moreover, with the information of the transmit correlation matrix, the codebook design is generalized to correlated channels. Both theoretical analyses and simulation results are provided.
Percutaneous Transvascular Retrieval of the Dislodged Port-A Catheter Using En Snare System via Femoral Vein Approach

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous transvascular retr ieval of the dislodged port-A catheter using En snare system via femoral vein approach. From Feb. 2006 to Dec. 2008, percutaneous transvascular retrievals of 26 dislodged port-A catheters in 25 patients were done. All retrievals were performed with En snare system with or without pigtail catheters under fluoroscopic guidance through a 10 Fr. vascular sheath in right femoral vein. Twenty of total 26 procedures were performed on the outpatient basis. The characteristics of the 25 patients (26 retrieval procedures) were recorded. Pearson correlation and scatter plot were made to display the correlation between the retrieval procedure time, duration of implantation and delay retrieval, respectively. Percutaneous retrievals of the dislodged port-A catheters were successful in all 26 procedures (100%). No significant correlation was statistically found between the retrieval procedure time, and both the duration of port-A catheter implantation and delay retrieval. Patients tolerated the procedures well and there was no major complication except wound pain in one patient on the day of the procedure. Percutaneous transvascular retrieval of dislodged port-A catheter is a safe, rapid and reliable technique that can obviate the need for major surgical procedures. If the patient's condition is stable, it can be performed on the outpatient basis.
Review of Downscaling Methods in Climate Change and Their Role in Hydrological Studies

— Recent perceived climate variability raises concerns with unprecedented hydrological phenomena and extremes. Distribution and circulation of the waters of the Earth become increasingly difficult to determine because of additional uncertainty related to anthropogenic emissions. The world wide observed changes in the large-scale hydrological cycle have been related to an increase in the observed temperature over several decades. Although the effect of change in climate on hydrology provides a general picture of possible hydrological global change, new tools and frameworks for modelling hydrological series with nonstationary characteristics at finer scales, are required for assessing climate change impacts. Of the downscaling techniques, dynamic downscaling is usually based on the use of Regional Climate Models (RCMs), which generate finer resolution output based on atmospheric physics over a region using General Circulation Model (GCM) fields as boundary conditions. However, RCMs are not expected to capture the observed spatial precipitation extremes at a fine cell scale or at a basin scale. Statistical downscaling derives a statistical or empirical relationship between the variables simulated by the GCMs, called predictors, and station-scale hydrologic variables, called predictands. The main focus of the paper is on the need for using statistical downscaling techniques for projection of local hydrometeorological variables under climate change scenarios. The projections can be then served as a means of input source to various hydrologic models to obtain streamflow, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and other hydrological variables of interest.
Socioeconomic Achievements of Siblings in the Life Course

About 8,500 graduates of Wisconsin high schools and a randomly selected brother or sister have been followed from 1957 through the early 1990s. Data include multiple measures of social background, cognitive ability, schooling, and occupations held from career entry to midlife. The authors have analyzed occupational standing across the life course, using complementary measures of occupational education and occupational income. The analysis is based on structural equation models of sibling resemblance. The models estimate the effects of social background, cognitive ability, and schooling—both within and between families—across the life course of women and men. Across families, educational attainment levels are determined largely by cognitive ability and, to a lesser degree, by social background; family levels of occupational standing are determined largely by family education levels. Within families, cognitive ability also affects occupational standing primarily through schooling. Occupational inequalities and the effects of educational attainment on those inequalities both tend to decline across the life course.
Proposal of position estimation algorithm using a satellite and shared data of receivers

In this paper, we present a novel position estimation system for moving receivers in urban area. Currently, position estimation systems using at least four GPS satellites are most popular. However, because of the influence of signals shielded by buildings and multipath, measurement error becomes larger. For accurate estimation, we discuss algorithms for position estimation which doesn't depend on the GPS satellite too much. The proposal uses only one satellite and two receivers. Our approach is to reduce the necessary number of the satellites. Moreover, it is useful for Quasi-Zenith Satellite Systems effectively. In this paper, we introduce the proposal algorithm and the estimation characteristic derived from computation simulations.
Multi-family cofounders and firm value

The paper shows that higher valuation of family firms occurs only for family firms founded by several non-related people (multi-family cofounding firms). The evidence suggests that having at least two unrelated cofounders involved in management reduces agency problems through mutual monitoring. Relative to single-family founding firms, multi-family cofounding firms are more likely to force out founders and less likely to allow descendants to take control after founders retire
Pylinguistics : an open source library for readability assessment of texts written in Portuguese

Readability assessment is an important task in automatic text simplification that aims identify the text complexity by computing a set of metrics. In this paper, we present the development and assessment of an open source library called Pylinguistics to readability assessment of texts written in Portuguese. Additionally, to illustrate the possibilities of our tool, this work also presents an empirical analysis of readability of Brazilian scientific news dissemination.
Non-rigid 3D shape classification based on convolutional neural networks

Over the years, the scientific interest towards 3D models analysis has become more popular. Problems such as classification, retrieval and matching are studied with the idea to offer robust solutions. This paper introduces a 3D object classification method for non-rigid shapes, based on the detection of key points, the use of spectral descriptors and deep learning techniques. We adopt an approach of converting the models into a “spectral image”. By extracting interest points and calculating three types of spectral descriptors (HKS, WKS and GISIF), we generate a three-channel input to a convolutional neural network. This CNN is trained to automatically learn features such as topology of 3D models. The results are evaluated and analyzed using the Non-Rigid Classification Benchmark SHREC 2011. Our proposal shows promising results in classification tasks compared to other methods, and also it is robust under several types of transformations.
Multimedia content delivery using infostations

Broadcast operators have a number of advantages when it comes to the delivery of high data rate, rich content services - existing delivery networks with very high coverage, large blocks of spectrum, and arrangements with both content providers and customers. However, what broadcasters lack is a means of getting their content to mobile users through terminals which can truly take advantage of this rich content, in terms of display and user interface. Proposals for a handheld version of DVB - DVB-H - have been made, but this requires new terminals and an upgraded network. The proposal examined in this paper is an Infostation system that is based upon a combination of DVB and Wi-Fi to allow the delivery of rich multi-media content to mobile terminals in local areas. Content is first transmitted over the DVB carousel to the Infostation and cached there. WiFi users can then access it when required.
Clathrin Heavy Chain Expression and Subcellular Distribution in Embryos of Drosophila melanogaster

Tubular organs are essential for organisms to establish transport systems for nutrients, liquids and gases. The development of tubes requires endocytosis of bound ligands, receptors and proteins at the plasma membrane (Bonifacino and Traub, 2003; Nelson, 2009). Clathrin coated vesicles (CCVs) organize major routes of cargo selective endocytosis in higher eukaryotic cells (Conner and Schmid, 2003). The formation of CCVs requires clathrin molecules. During CCV budding, clathrin molecules assemble to form a cage-like coat around the nascent vesicle membrane. Clathrin assembly is assisted by numerous adaptor proteins. After inward budding, CCV scission from the membrane is mediated by the large GTPase Dynamin. Released CCVs diffuse from the membrane and undergo uncoating, whereby Clathrin molecules disassemble from the vesicles. The uncoating process is mediated by the ATPase function of the Heat shock cognate protein (Hsc70), which interacts with Chc and DnaJ adaptor proteins. The released Clathrin molecules reassemble for subsequent rounds of endocytosis while vesicles fuse with acceptor compartments, such as early endosomes (Conner and Schmid, 2003; Kirchhausen, 2000; Ungewickell and Hinrichsen, 2007).
Half-Mode Buried Corrugated Substrate Integrated Waveguide

A half-mode buried corrugated substrate-integrated waveguide is proposed. Its dominant mode propagation behavior is almost identical to that of the half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide but offers a floating top conductor thereby permitting active devices connected to its longitudinal open-edge to be biased without the need for extra biasing chokes. The corrugations comprise open-circuit stubs buried in the substrate that are connected to the top wall of the waveguide by vias. These stubs are quarter-wave in length at a frequency twice the dominant mode cut-off frequency. The corrugations and vias are used to obtain an electric wall. Burying stubs in the substrate results in a low stub input impedance over a wide bandwidth which allows a monomode bandwidth of 3:1 to be obtained. Experiments for waveguides with a TE0.5,0 mode cut-off frequency of 2.8 GHz demonstrate its effectiveness.
Correlation properties and time-resolved dynamics of linear polarizations emitted by single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers subject to orthogonal optical injection

We present an experimental and theoretical study of the polarization and time-resolved nonlinear dynamics of a long-wavelength single-mode linearly polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) subject to orthogonal optical injection. Special attention is paid to the correlation properties of both linear polarizations emitted by the VCSEL. We measure simultaneous time traces of both linearly polarized output signals for several values of the bias current, the strength of the optical injection, and the frequency detuning between master and the free-running VCSEL. Different dynamical regimes, including periodic, period doubling, and irregular dynamics, are observed for both polarizations. For positive frequency detuning we usually find that the orthogonal polarization is the only polarization that contributes to the dynamics of the total power. Only for large values of the bias current and for small values of the optical injection strength, near the border of the periodic region, have we found correlated periodic dynamics in both linear polarizations. For negative frequency detuning we find anticorrelated dynamics in both linear polarizations. The average and dispersion of the time between consecutive pulses that appear in the anticorrelated regime increase with the injected power. The irregular dynamics, characterized by broadened power spectra, is related to large values of the dispersion of the time between pulses. A good overall qualitative agreement is found between our theoretical and experimental results. © 2011 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 140.7260, 140.1540, 190.3100.
Remote Control and Data Acquisition: A Case Study

This paper details software tools developed to remotely command experimental apparatus, and to acquire and visualize the associated data in soft real time. The work was undertaken because commercial products failed to meet the needs. This work has identified six key factors intrinsic to development of quality research laboratory software. Capabilities include access to all new instrument functions without any programming or dependence on others to write drivers or virtual instruments, simple full screen text-based experiment configuration and control user interface, months of continuous experiment run-times, order of 1% CPU load for condensed matter physics experiment described here, very little imposition of software tool choices on remote users, and total remote control from anywhere in the world over the Internet or from home on a 56 Kb modem as if the user is sitting in the laboratory. This work yielded a set of simple robust tools that are highly reliable, resource conserving, extensible, and versatile, with a uniform simple interface.
Securing compressed video streams using RC4 encryption scheme

The multimedia technology facilitates the world to communicate faster with the multimedia systems like video communication(Video Telephony, HDTV), audio communication (Telephony), etc. With the faster communication medium more and more multimedia data are generated and transmitted in day to day life in the fields like medical, military, commercial, etc. The data in such fields may include some sensitive information which should be protected from outside world. Therefore security & privacy of sensitive data is one of the important issue. Our research focuses on the security & privacy of a digital video. The proposed research includes three parts, that is first one is H.264/AVC video encryption, second one is data embedding and third one is data extraction. This paper covers only first part i. H.264/AVC video encryption of our research. For encryption we used the RC4 algorithm. RC4 algorithm is a stream cipher & faster than block cipher algorithms. RC4 generates pseudorandom key stream & it is unintelligible without knowledge of input key thus it makes cryptanalytic attacks more difficult. We performs the encryption of video streams directly on the compressed domain & not during compression. Thus it preserves the compression & decompression time cycle. The experimental results shows the encryption of compressed video streams.
The precautionary principle and environmental risk management: contributions and limitations of economic models

Neste artigo apresentam-se os modelos mais relevantes que tem sido desenvolvidos para a interpretacao economica do principio da precaucao e a sua aplicacao, com vista a conhecer as suas contribuicoes para o debate sobre a precaucao e discutir a sua relevância pratica para a decisao publica. Analisam-se igualmente suas virtualidades e principais limitacoes. Identificam-se tambem algumas acoes que visam ultrapassar as limitacoes existentes. O conceito de precaucao tem presentemente grande relevância na regulacao ambiental em muitos paises. E, no entanto, ainda vaga a legislacao a respeito da aplicacao do principio da precaucao na tomada de decisao relativa a gestao dos riscos ambientais. Por isso, tem sido largamente referida a necessidade de dispor de quadros reguladores para a implementacao operacional deste principio que clarifiquem conceitos e procedimentos adequados a natureza dos riscos ambientais.
Applications of tactile sensors and displays in robotically-assisted minimally invasive surgery

Robotically Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (RMIS) applications have been shown to help with improving patient recovery times, reducing the duration of operation as well as minimizing trauma in patients. Recent years have seen an increase in the development of devices and external systems with the improve RMIS procedures. There is need for this kind of improvement as the procedure comes with drawbacks to the effectiveness of the surgeon. These could include impaired vision and haptic feedback otherwise available through direct manipulation. Various sensors and tactile display systems possess the potential to solve such problems and thereby further improve RMIS procedure. This paper makes a review of recent and past tactile technology with respect to RMIS applications from early endeavors designed to complement commercially available surgical systems to novel developments yet to be fully evaluated. In addition, a range of suggestions for areas on which to improve and directions for future research are provided.