Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An age of decline. Product and income in eighteenth-nineteenth century Italy

Se guardiamo all'economia dal punto di vista del prodotto pro capite, l'epoca che va dalla meta del Settecento fino all'Unita costuisce, per l'Italia, un lungo periodo di declino economico, con brevi intervalli di recupero. Questa tesi viene sostenuta sulla base di una ricostruzione dell'an damento della popolazione, dei prezzi, dei salari, e, infine, del prodotto aggregato e del prodotto pro capite. Il quadro fornito riguarda sia il Nord che il Sud. Nell'appendice vengono riportate le serie utilizzate nell'articolo e vengono presentati i metodi seguiti nella loro elaborazione a partire dai dati di base, in buona parte inediti.
A Mobile True Color Topometric Sensor for Medical Tasks and Art Conservation Applications

Based on the algorithm proposed by Zhang [1] a fast photogrammetric calibration is used which utilizes a plane dot pattern target which is printed with an inkjet printer and glued to a glass plate. The results of the photogrammetric calibration are the internal camera matrices KRL which include as internal parameters the focal length and the principal point of each camera, the rotation matrices RRL and the translation vectors tRL for the left and the right camera.
A wire load model for more accurate power estimation

The wire load of the interconnections of standard cells is an important variable for use in power and timing analysis and, in the last years, especially for concurrent synthesis and placement optimization tools. On the one hand wire load models are characterized by pre-layout wirelength estimations and capacitance per unit length is modeled as "weighted average over all metal layers". On the other hand pre-layout wirelength estimations are quite inaccurate and the layer-specific capacitances are very different. As a consequence significant errors are caused when using wire load models for power estimations. In order to improve the accuracy of power estimation on gate level, we present a methodology for the generation of wire load models for standard cell designs in modern deep-submicron technologies with six metal layers.
Un nuevo enfoque de la traducción en la enseñanza comunicativa de las lenguas

Hablar de traduccion en la Didactica de las Lenguas Extranjeras suscita, en gran parte del profesorado, cierto recelo, motivado por la imagen negativa heredada de los metodos tradicionales de ensenanza de lenguas, los llamados metodos pasivos. Sin embargo, algunos profesores plantean actualmente la rehabilitacion de la traduccion en la Didactica de las Lenguas Extranjeras dentro del marco de la ensenanza comunicativa. Palabras clave: Traduccion, ensenanza comunicativa, ensenanza aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras. Abstract A new Approach to Translation in the Communicative Teaching of Languages Carmen CUELLAR LAZARO Speaking of translation in foreign language teaching provokes some mistrust in a lot of teachers, motivated by the negative image associated with traditional language teaching methods, called passive methods. However, at present some teachers plan the reinstatement of translation in the didactics of foreign languages within the framework of communicative teaching. Key words: Translation, communicative teaching, foreign languages teaching and learning.
A Variance Decomposition Primer for Accounting Researchers

This pedagogical note introduces the accounting-based variance decomposition methodology of Vuolteenaho (2002) in a relatively simple format for the edification of accounting scholars and Ph.D. students who wish to use variance decomposition in their research. In addition to presenting an example that explicates the variance decomposition approach, we provide well-documented SAS and STATA programs for estimating variance decompositions from cross-sectional time-series data.
What do stakeholders consider the key issues affecting the quality of foodservice provision for long-stay patients?

This study aimed to elicit concerns of key stakeholders regarding foodservice provision for long-stay hospital patients. Seventeen focus groups and four individual interviews were conducted involving six stakeholder groups: dietitians, nutrition assistants, patients, nurses, foodservice assistants and foodservice managers. Ninety-eight participants (20 male, 78 female) were recruited from public and private hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. Each of the focus groups and individual interviews was conducted in a hospital setting where free and open discussions could be digitally recorded. Transcripts were prepared from the digital recordings and QSR Nvivo 2.0 qualitative analysis software (QSR International, Melbourne, Australia) was used to code the transcripts prior to content and thematic analysis. Themes were identified by relative frequency in the discussion, number of issues raised within each theme and the importance placed on the issues raised. Five major themes emerged from 37 discussion topics: the foodservice system, menu variety, preparation to eat and feeding assistance, packaging and portion size. Participants were particularly concerned about the increased packaging of food products, perceived lack of meal set up and feeding assistance, limited menu variety especially when considering longer stay hospital inpatients, and the increased use of cook-chill operations. These findings lend themselves well to testing in a wider sphere via quantitative means in a proposed national survey. The results of this survey may produce a position on the main barriers to effective foodservice provision for long-stay patients in the Australian context, and enable identification of practical solutions.
Generierung von grafischen Modellrepräsentationenaus textuellen Domänenmodellen

Mit der zunehmenden Komplexitat von Computersystemen und den steigenden Anforderungen an Software mussen die Verantwortlichen sich laufend an geanderte Umgebungsbedingungen anpassen. Viele Hersteller sind mit den standigen wechselnden Implementierungstechnologien uberfordert. Einen Losungsansatz stellt die modellgetriebene Softwareentwicklung dar, bei der die Softwareerstellung in grosen Teilen automatisiert ablauft. Durch den Einsatz von Modellen wird eine Trennung zwischen der Beschreibung von fachlichen- und technischen Anforderungen angestrebt. Dies ermoglicht eine leichtere Umstellung auf neue Technologien. Die Modelle beschreiben dabei die Software auf abstrakter Ebene und werden mittels Generatoren in lauffahigen Programmcode uberfuhrt. Ein modellgetriebener Softwareansatz wird bei den Wieland Werken AG in der fertigungsbegleitenden Software WFS umgesetzt. Dabei verspricht man sich in erster Linie verkurzte Entwicklungszeiten zu erreichen, aber auch die Softwarequalitat steigern zu konnen. Weite Teile der Anwendungssoftware werden durch textuelle Modelle beschrieben, dabei werden primar fachliche Aspekte modelliert. Dadurch gewinnen die Modelle nicht nur fur den Entwickler an Bedeutung, sondern auch fur Projektleiter und Businnes-Consultants. Ein Problem bereitet dabei die textuelle Form der Modelle. Diese ist zum Teil fur Mitarbeiter, die keine IT-Experten sind schwer verstandlich und oft zu umfangreich. Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit ist es ein besseres Verstandnis von solchen textuellen Modellen im Umfeld der WFS zu ermoglichen. Als Losungsansatz wird ein Konzept vorgestellt, welches in mehreren Schritten automatisch aus den textuellen Modellen grafische Reprasentationen erzeugt. Dabei werden zunachst die vorhanden Modelle nach relevanten Informationen gefiltert. Anschliesend wird eine Applikation zur grafischen Darstellung ausgewahlt und die dafur notwendigen Eingangsdaten werden mithilfe eines Generators erzeugt. Fur eine gute Ubersicht wird ein passendes Layout vorgeschlagen. Schlieslich wird eine Implementierung des Losungskonzeptes vorgestellt, welche in die WFS integriert ist.
A PORTRAIT OF POSSIBILITY: EXAMINING THE ARTIST/EDUCATOR/ACTIVIST AS AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL FOR ART EDUCATORS

7 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 8 Central Research Questions 8 Problem Statement and Motivation 9 Definition of Terms 13 Methodology 17 Limitations of Study 19 Structure 21 CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 22 The Community in Art Education 22 Critical Pedagogy 25 Art Education Literature and Community 27 Alternative Models for Envisioning the Community Artist/Educator/Activist 32 . The Individual, the Artist. and Alternatives 34 Activism, Social Movements, and Art 38 Conceptualizing Community-based Artist/Educator/Activists 42 Identity, Background, and Motivation 44 CHAPTER 3: CASE STUDIES 49 G.E. Washington 50 Josh Schachter 57 Kimi Eisele 67
The Inhibitory Effects of Ferula assafoetida on Muscarinic Receptors of Guinea-Pig Tracheal Smooth Muscle

Background: In traditional medicine, asafoetida obtained from the roots of different Ferula assafoetida (F. asafoetida) is used for various therapeutic purposes such as whooping cough, pneumonia and bronchitis in children, as well as asthma. Objectives: In this study, the effect of asafoetida on muscarinic receptors of tracheal smooth muscle, as one possible mechanism responsible for the relaxant effect seen for the plant, was evaluated. Materials and Methods: The effects of three cumulative concentrations of aqueous extract of F. asafoetida (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL), 10 nM atropine, and saline on muscarinic receptors were tested in tracheal smooth muscle samples by performing cumulative concentration response curve to methacholine (a muscarinic receptor agonist) and assessing the shift in concentration response curves due to different concentrations of the extract and atropine. Results: The EC 50 obtained in the presence of higher concentration of the extract muscle was significantly higher compared to saline (P < 0.01). The maximum responses to methacholine in the presence of higher concentration of the extract (10 mg/mL) was significantly lower than that of saline (P < 0.05). The values of CR-1, obtained in the presence of all concentrations of the extract, were significantly lower compared to atropine in the experimental group (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001). Conclusions: These results showed an inhibitory effect for the extract of asafetida on muscarinic receptors of tracheal smooth muscle.
On learning the past-tenses of English verbs: implicit rules or parallel distributed processing

Abstract : This paper presents an alternative to the standard rule based account of a child's acquisition of the past tense in English. Children are typically said to pass through a three-phase acquisition process in which they first learn past tense by rote, then learn the past tense rule and over regularize, and then finally learn the exceptions to the rule. We show that the acquisition data can be accounted for in more detail by dispensing with the assumption that the child learns rules and substituting in its place a simple homogeneous learning procedure. We show how rule-like behavior can emerge from the interactions among a network of units encoding the root form to past tense mapping. A large computer simulation of the learning process demonstrates the operating principles of our alternative account, shows how details of the acquisition process not captured by the rule account emerge, and makes predictions about other details of the acquisition process not yet observed. Keywords: Learning; networks; Language; Verbs; Perceptions; Morphology.
Unbiased clustering of children with asthma or pre-school wheeze using the U-BIOPRED electronic nose platform

Rationale: Children with asthma or pre-school wheeze represent a heterogeneous group, characterized by a variety of underlying pathophysiological molecular mechanisms. Recent 9omics9 technologies provide composite molecular samples in inflammatory airway diseases [Wheelock ERJ 2013]. This includes breathomics, non-invasive metabolomics in exhaled air. Aim: To reveal phenotypes by unbiased cluster analysis based on metabolomic fingerprints from exhaled breath by electronic nose (eNose) in children with asthma or pre-school wheeze. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis from a subset of the paediatric U-BIOPRED cohort. Exhaled volatile organic compounds trapped on adsorption tubes were analyzed by an centralized eNose platform [Brinkman ERS 2012 A4307]. Ward clustering based on Similarity Profile Analysis [Clarke JEMBE 2008] was performed on eNose platform data, followed by ANOVA and chi-square tests. Results: 106 children were included (age (IQR)7.6 (4.0-13.0)yrs, 62% male, skin prick test (SPT) positive 54%). Five clusters were delineated that differed significantly regarding age, asthma control, asthma related quality of life, SPT. Conclusion: In this preliminary analysis, unbiased fingerprinting by eNose provides clinical clusters of children with asthma or pre-school wheeze. This suggests that metabolomics in exhaled air is suitable for phenotyping of airways disease in childhood.
An Evidence-Based Practice Glossary: Unscrambling Alphabet Soup

he evidence-based movement that firstemerged in medicine is gaining mo-mentum in psychology, public health,and education. Here we briefly examine whatprecipitated the movement, its relevance tohealth psychologists, and some of itsassociated terminology. It used to be the case that procedures prac-ticed by physicians automatically weredeemed medically necessary and were coveredby insurance (Eddy, 2005). In the 1970s, how-ever, several observations began to cast doubton the wisdom of that tradition. First, it be-came apparent that similar patients were re-ceiving very different treatment dependingupon where they lived (Wennberg &Gittelsohn, 1973). Second, accumulating evi-dence showed that clinical decision-makingerrors and treatments contraindicated by anyprofessional standard were beingimplemented with surprising frequency.Physicians judged that the best way topreserve professional credibility and reim-bursement was to adopt a more transparentstandard for determining best practices.Agreement that research offered an objectiveway to evaluate the effectiveness of treatmentsushered in the evidence-based movement inthe early 1990s. It soon became apparent thatonly about 15% of medical procedures hadsolid scientific support, prompting calls for re-search to determine which treatments actuallyworked (Committee for Evaluating MedicalTechnologies, 1985). An accumulation of newclinical trials and research syntheses has sinceproduced some surprising results. Amongthose are findings that some underappreciatedtreatments show solid evidence ofeffectiveness (cf. Cochrane Collaboration logo,www.cochrane.org/logo) and other well-ac-cepted ones produce significant harm(Writing Group for the Women’s HealthInitiative Investigators, 2002). The result hasbeen emergence of a robust evidence-basedmovement that aims to support health caredecision-making by integrating high-qualityresearch evidence with clinical expertise andpatient preferences (Sackett, Rosenberg, Gray,Haynes, & Richardson, 1996). In 2000, the Office of Behavioral andSocial Sciences, under Peter Kaufmann’sActing Directorship, funded the initialEvidence-Based Behavioral Medicine (EBBM)Committee out of recognition of a need togrow and systematize the evidence base forbehavioral health treatments in parallel tothat for medical treatments. EBBM became astanding Committee of the Society ofBehavioral Medicine in 2004. Its workinggroups include liaison members from majorprofessional groups concerned with behavioralhealth interventions (e.g., AmericanPsychological Association [APA] Division 38,Association for Cognitive and BehavioralTherapy, Academy of Behavioral MedicineResearch, American Psycho-somatic Society,International Society of Behavioral Nutritionand Physical Activity). An alphabet soup of evidence-based termi-nology can bog down researchers looking tocontribute to the evidence base and practi-tioners looking to access it for clinicaldecisions. Below we offer a glossary to explainsome commonly used terms.
Integrating Graduate Attributes with Assessment Criteria in Business Education: Using an Online Assessment System

This paper describes a study of the integration of graduate attributes into Business education using an online system to facilitate the process. ‘ReView’ is a system that provides students with criteria-based tutor feedback on assessment tasks and also provides opportunities for online student self-assessment. Setup incorporates a process of ‘review’ whereby assessment criteria are grouped into graduate attribute categories and reworded to make explicit the qualities, knowledge and skills that are valued in student performance. Through this process, academics clarify and make explicit the alignment of assessment tasks to learning objectives and graduate attribute development across units and levels of a program of study. Its application in three undergraduate Business units was undertaken as a collaborative action research project to improve alignment of graduate attributes with assessment, identification of assessment criteria and feedback to students. This paper describes the use of Review and presents an analysis of post-ReView data that has institutional implications for improving assessment and selfassessment practices.
Mitoxantrone as rescue therapy in two children with worsening multiple sclerosis

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of unknown etiology. In the acute phase, MS is treated with corticosteroids, whereas drugs, such as interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate, are currently used as continuous immunomodulatory therapies. Recently, the cytostatic drug mitoxantrone was reported to be well tolerated and therapeutically effective in deteriorating MS in adults. Under the concept of an escalating therapy regimen, we addressed if mitoxantrone could decrease the frequency of relapses and stabilize the course of the disease not only in adults but also in children. Two adolescents (female 13 yrs.; male 14 yrs.) with deteriorating relapsing-remitting MS were selected after various immunomodulatory treatments had failed before. After informed consent had been obtained from the parents and the patients, we administered mitoxantrone intravenously in three-month intervals for 3.5 years and 12 months, respectively. Therapy with mitoxantrone was well tolerated in both patients. In the female patient a decrease in the number of relapses, and an improvement in clinical disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale was observed. In the male patient, a stabilization of the clinical course was achieved. We conclude that treatment with mitoxantrone could be considered in children with deteriorating MS when other therapeutic agents have failed. However, controlled studies in the pediatric age group are needed in order to assess the benefit of this chemotherapeutic agent and to rule out long-term adverse effects.
Utilidad de los marcadores biológicos en la detección precoz y prevención del síndrome de burnout

Usefulness of biological markers in early detection and prevention of burnout syndrome Abstract: Burnout is associated with a worse health self-perception and greater physical and psychiatric comorbidity. The objective of this review is to summarize in a systematic way the main biomarkers associated with the burnout syndrome: cardiovascular (blood pressure, heart rate and variability of heart rate); sleep-related (quality, fragmentation, and sleep latency); associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis (cortisol, sa- livary IgA, lysozime, α-amylase and chromogranin-A); related to the immune system (natural killer cells and mononuclear antibodies CD57 and CD16), and related to inflammation (TNF-α, IL-4 interleukins, fibrinogen, reactive C protein). In the next years, some of these biomarkers, mainly those related to the immune system and inflammation could become useful keys for the early de- tection and monitorization of this disorder.
Plethysmography variability index response to isovolemic hemodilution in children prior to surgery for congenital heart disease

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of pleth variability index (PVI) to phlebotomy in anesthetized children prior to surgery for congenital heart disease. After induction of general anesthesia and prior to surgical incision, approximately 10 mL/kg of blood was removed from 40 mechanically ventilated children over a 5–10 min period. The PVI was continuously monitored. Additionally, the volume of crystalloid required to ensure hemodynamic and near infrared spectroscopy stability was recorded. There was no difference between the pre-phlebotomy PVI (13% ± 6.2) and the post-phlebotomy PVI (16.4% ± 9.6) (P = 0.55). Patients who had a starting PVI ≤14% had a significant increase in PVI after phlebotomy from 9.1% ± 3 to 14.3% ± 7.2 (P = 0.0014). Although, patients with a pre-phlebotomy PVI of >14% required more crystalloid replacement (11 ± 9.4 mL/kg) than those with a PVI ≤14% (5.3 ± 4.7 mL/kg), this was not significant (P = 0.06). In patients who received less crystalloid replacement during phlebotomy, PVI did show a significant increase. Additionally, the data suggests that patients with a pre-phlebotomy PVI >14% required greater fluid replacement than those with a PVI < 14%. Further research is needed to better delineate the utility of PVI in this unique group of patients.
Aftershock: The Ethics of Contemporary Transgressive Art

Accused by the tabloid press of setting out to 'shock', controversial artworks are vigorously defended by art critics, who frequently downplay their disturbing emotional impact. This is the first book to subject contemporary art to a rigorous ethical exploration. It argues that, in favouring conceptual rather than emotional reactions, commentators actually fail to engage with the work they promote. Scrutinising notorious works by artists including Damien Hirst, Jake and Dinos Chapman, Richard Billingham, Marc Quinn, Sally Mann, Marcus Harvey, Hans Bellmer, Paul McCarthy, Tierney Gearon, and Tracey Emin, "Aftershock" insists on the importance of visceral, emotional and 'ethical' responses. Far from clouding our judgement, Cashell argues, shame, outrage or revulsion are the very emotions that such works set out to evoke. While also questioning the catch-all notion of 'transgression', this illuminating and controversial book neither jumps indiscriminately to the defence of shocking artworks nor dismisses them out of hand.
Utilisation du FIB pour la nanostructuration et l'auto-assemblage de réseaux de nano-objets pour des applications microélectroniques.

Les travaux presentes dans ce manuscrit, sont bases sur l'etude de l'auto-organisation de la matiere a l'echelle nanometrique. A cette echelle, les energies de surfaces jouent un role preponderant dans cette organisation. Pour comprendre au mieux ses mecanismes nous avons etudie plusieurs types de structures a base de Silicium et de Germanium. Nous avons experimentalement etudie la croissance cristalline ou amorphe sur differents types de substrats (amorphe : SiO2 et cristallins Si ou SOI). Certain de ces substrats furent nano-structures en utilisant un faisceau d'ions focalises de type Gallium ou Or-Silicium. De plus nous avons pu utiliser des surfaces differentes telle que le TiO2 ou le Silicium poreux, afin d'etudier l'organisation de la matiere sur des pores de petites tailles (inferieurs a 50nm).