Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and numerical studies on multi‐physical issues of space parabolic membrane antennas

National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers: U1637207, U1937202, 52022075 Abstract Front‐fed parabolic reflectors are among the most commonly used antennas in the industry. While in spaceborne applications, membrane reflectors are very promising due to their lightweight and foldable features. However, considering the large size, small thickness and low stiffness, solar radiation and microwave radiation will have considerable influences on the antennas’ shape accuracy as well as the radiation characteristics. In this article, a theoretical approach is presented to solve the multi‐physical effects of the parabolic antenna. The deformation of the reflector is derived by the shallow shell theory, taking into account the solar pressure, the microwave pressure and the thermal effects due to solar and microwave heating. The far‐field electromagnetic radiation pattern is then obtained by considering the deformation of the reflector. On the other hand, a numerical approach combining the finite element method, the multi‐level fast multipole method, and the large element physical optics is also presented. Numerical examples suggest good agreement between the theoretical and numerical results. The methods have been applied into the analysis of design models in the Space Solar Power Station project. Also, these approaches can be directly extended into other space membrane reflector antennas.
Enhancing Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence by Fine-Tuning the Dendron Donor Strength.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) relies on a small energy gap between the emissive singlet and the nonemissive triplet state, obtained by reducing the wave function overlap between donor and acceptor moieties. Efficient emission, however, requires maintaining a good oscillator strength, which is itself based on sufficient overlap of the wave functions between donor and acceptor moieties. We demonstrate an approach to subtly fine-tune the required wave function overlap by employing donor dendrons of changing functionality. We use a carbazolyl-phthalonitrile based donor-acceptor core (2CzPN) as a reference emitter and progressively localize the hole density through substitution at the 3,6-positions of the carbazole donors (Cz) with further carbazole, (4-tert-butylphenyl)amine (tBuDPA), and phenoxazine (PXZ). Using detailed photoluminescence studies, complemented with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we show that this approach permits a gradual decrease of the singlet-triplet gap, ΔEST, from 300 to around 10 meV in toluene, yet we also demonstrate why a small ΔEST alone is not enough. While sufficient oscillator strength is maintained with the Cz- and tBuDPA-based donor dendrons, this is not the case for the PXZ-based donor dendron, where the wave function overlap is reduced too strongly. Overall, we find the donor dendron extension approach allows successful fine-tuning of the emitter photoluminescence properties.
Motion artefact removal in electroencephalography and electrocardiography by using multichannel inertial measurement units and adaptive filtering

Abstract This paper presents a new active electrode design for electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors based on inertial measurement units to remove motion artefacts during signal acquisition. Rather than measuring motion data from a single source for the entire recording unit, inertial measurement units are attached to each individual EEG or ECG electrode to collect local movement data. This data is then used to remove the motion artefact by using normalised least mean square adaptive filtering. Results show that the proposed active electrode design can reduce motion contamination from EEG and ECG signals in chest movement and head swinging motion scenarios. However, it is found that the performance varies, necessitating the need for the algorithm to be paired with more sophisticated signal processing to identify scenarios where it is beneficial in terms of improving signal quality. The new instrumentation hardware allows data driven artefact removal to be performed, providing a new data driven approach compared to widely used blind‐source separation methods, and helps enable in the wild EEG recordings to be performed.
Residential Location and Household Spending: Exploring the Relationship Between Neighborhood Characteristics and Transportation and Housing Costs

Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and a seven-category neighborhood typology, this analysis examines the relationship between urban form and household spending. Results suggest that poor households living in urban areas have lower transportation expenditures than their counterparts in sprawling suburbs. Lower transportation costs, however, do not offset high housing prices, with poor households paying particularly high premiums for housing in the densest, most transit-rich neighborhoods. Households above the poverty threshold also benefit from reductions in transportation costs, especially in intensely urban areas. Nevertheless, these low transportation costs are not associated with lower overall expenditures; instead, they countervail high housing premiums, meaning that the most transit-rich neighborhoods do not offer cost savings relative to other neighborhood types. Findings highlight the need to expand the supply of both transit and housing in communities where poor households can leverage affordable transportation options to reduce their combined expenditure burden.
Improving of the tribological properties of attapulgite base grease with graphene

With the rapid development of industry, individuals paid increasing demanding on the friction‐reducing and antiwear properties of lubricants under harsh service conditions. Here, the attapulgite base grease and attapulgite greases with grephene were successfully synthesised. The tribological behaviours of the greases were comparatively investigated using a SRV‐IV tribometer with the ball‐on‐disk configuration. The results show that the attapulgite grease with graphene presents better friction‐reducing and antiwear properties than the attapulgite base grease, especially at high load, frequency and temperature. The friction‐reducing and antiwear mechanism was determined through the analysis of worn surfaces and tribofilms formed on it. The results revealed that a tribofilm composed with Fe, Fe3C, Fe2O3, FeOOH, Al2O3, SiO2, graphene, attapulgite and organic compounds was formed on the worn surface, which is responsible for the excellent tribological properties of the attapulgite grease with graphene. Thus, as‐prepared attapulgite grease with graphene shows great potential in the lubrication for mechanical equipment operated under harsh conditions.
Spanning communication boundaries to address health inequalities: the role of community connectors and social media

ABSTRACT Healthcare services face persistent barriers in reaching and improving access for marginalized or hardly reached people. This paper details the strategic use of social media among community connectors, or members of a community who address health issues in their local contexts by spanning socio-cultural boundaries within the community. Undertaking qualitative research in rural Australia and Ireland, we find evidence that through their strategic use of social media, connectors enhance the local communication infrastructure and create bridges between community and healthcare services due to their: (1) established connections with diverse hardly reached socio-cultural groups; (2) understanding of needs and opportunities for hardly reached people; (3) ability to seek out, ‘translate’ and pass on health information and (4) community building and health promotion practices at individual and social levels. Healthcare access and communication can be improved by identifying connectors and partnering with them to span boundaries enabling connection with the hardly reached.
Application of Ant Colony Optimization for Co-Design of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

One key subject matter for effective use of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) is searching for drivetrains which their component dimensions and control parameters are co-optimally designed for a desired performance. This makes the design challenge as a problem, which needs to be addressed in a holistic way meeting various constraints. Along this line, the strong coupling between components sizes of a drivetrain and parameters of its controllers turns the optimal sizing and control design of HEVs into a Bi-level optimization problem. In this chapter, an important application of continuous Ant Colony Optimization (ACOR) for integrated sizing and control design of HEVs is thoroughly discussed for minimizing the drivetrain cost, minimizing the fuel consumption and addressing the control objectives at the meantime. The outcome of this chapter provides useful information related to incorporation of soft-computing, modeling and simulation concepts into optimization-based design of HEVs from all respects for designers and automotive engineers. It brings opportunities to the readers for understanding the criteria, constraints, and objective functions required for the optimal design of HEVs. Via introducing a two-folded iterative framework, fuel consumption and component sizing minimizations are of the main goals to be simultaneously addressed in this chapter using ACOR.
Genetically Modified Potato for Pest Resistance: Thrift or Threat?

Significant limitations in potato production are crop loss due to the damage made by insect pests, and the cost of enormous amount of chemicals, harmful to humans and environment, extensively used in their control. As an alternative, development of genetically modified potato offered possibility for pest management in a more sustainable, environmentally friendly way. Over the past 30 years introduction of pest resistance traits progressed from a single gene to multiple stacked events and from Bt-toxin expression to expression of proteins from non-Bt sources, dsRNA and their combination, while advances in molecular biology have brought “cleaner” gene manipulation technologies. However, together with benefits any new technology also bears its risks, and there are still a range of unanswered questions and concerns about long-term impact of genetically modified crops – that with knowledge and precautionary approaches can be avoided or mitigated. Sustainability of genetically modified crops for pest control largely depends on the willingness to gain and implement such knowledge.
The Combined Effect of Short Term Green Tea Extract and a Single Bout of Cycle Ergometer on Glycerol and Free Fat Acid of Trained Males

It seems that shortly after green tea extract (GTE) ingestion, fat oxidation increases as well as exercise training. The purpose of this studywastoinvestigatethecombinedeﬀectof shorttermGTEandasingleboutof cycleergometeruponpost-exercisefatoxidation. Sixteenhealthyvolunteermaleswererecruitedtoparticipateinthestudy. Theyweredividedtotwogroups; experimentalgroup(n = 8) and placebo group (n = 8), respectively. They consumed three GTE or placebo capsules a day before and one capsule 90 minutes before a cycling protocol. Blood samples were collected from all participants before and after the protocol. Based on the current results, fat oxidation in the experimental group increased markedly during post-exercise period compared to the placebo group. Plasma glycerol levels of the experimental group were signiﬁcantly higher after GTE consumption during the post-exercise period comparedtoplacebo. Comparedtoplacebo,plasmafreeacidsof theexperimentalgroupincreasedsigniﬁcantlyafterGTEconsump-tion as well as acute GTE. Therefore, it seems that acute GTE ingestion could increase fat oxidation after post exercise conditions.
Longitudinal Research About, and Program Evaluations of, Positive Youth Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Methodological Issues and Options

The study of positive youth development (PYD) requires theory-based methodological considerations pertinent to measurement, research and program design, and data analysis. We outline the appropriate steps that researchers and program evaluators must enact to address these methodological foci in their respective attempts to describe, explain, and optimize the course of positive development among diverse youth around the world. We focus on longitudinal (developmental) research designed to evaluate programs promoting PYD in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where life challenges are shaped by multiple adverse situations associated with racism, poverty, gender inequalities, political inequities, and the absence of adequate health and medical resources. Using the Compassion International Study of PYD as a sample case, we suggest how researchers and practitioners might collaborate to enact rigorous, theory-based research aimed at promoting PYD among youth living in LMICs and worldwide.
Effect of Insemination Time on Pregnancy Rate and Ovulatory Events of Nili Ravi Buffalo Heifers in 7 Day CIDR Co-Synch

The present study aimed to compare the pregnancy rates at the optimal time of artificial insemination in a 7-day CIDR Co-synch in Nili Ravi buffalo heifers. Forty Nili Ravi buffalo heifers were randomly separated into two treatments based on artificial insemination (A.I.) timing (72 vs 84 hours). All heifers were subjected to controlled internal drug release (CIDR), containing 1.38 grams of progesterone for 7 days. On CIDR removal, both treatments received 150 µg of prostaglandin intramuscularly. In 7-day CIDR Co-synch (n = 20), animals were injected 100 µg of GnRH intramuscularly and inseminated concurrently at 72 hours after CIDRs removal. The remaining half (n=20) were injected and inseminated concurrently at 84 hours of CIDRs removal. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed after 40 days of timed artificial insemination (TAI). The follicular growth rate in 7-day CIDR Co-synch was more significant at 84 than 72 hours. The interval from GnRH/A.I. to ovulation in 7-day CIDR Co-synch was significantly (P < 0.05) differ between 72 and 84 hours. Pregnancy rates were considerably higher in buffalo heifers inseminated at 84 hours (65%) than 72 hours (25%) in 7-day CIDR Co-synch treatment. In conclusion, the buffalo heifers treated with CIDR Co-synch based protocols in relation to TAI at 84 hours improves follicular growth rate, interval from GnRH/A.I. to ovulation, and pregnancy rate.
Similarity solutions for strong shock waves in non-ideal magnetogasdynamics under the effect of monochromatic radiation

This manuscript aims to deal with the one-dimensional unsteady flow of non-ideal gas with monochromatic radiation under the influence of a magnetic field, where the invariance method of the Lie group of transformations is applied in a cylindrically symmetric motion. The density is assumed to be uniform in the undisturbed medium. The radiation flux is considered to move through the non-ideal gas. The self-similar solutions of the considered model are obtained for the power-law and the exponential-law shock paths. The effects of the adiabatic exponent, radiation parameter, ambient magnetic field, and the parameter of non-idealness on the flow variables are shown graphically. Numerical calculations are performed to obtain the self-similar solutions.
The Response of Soil Nutrients and Microbial Community Structures in Long-Term Tea Plantations and Diverse Agroforestry Intercropping Systems

During tea cultivation, diverse agroforestry is an important and established intercropping measure, with most studies concentrating on ecological service provision and economic returns. However, the response of soil nutrients and microbial community structures in long-term tea plantations with diverse agroforestry intercropping systems is poorly understood. In the present field study (2015), three intercropping agroforestry-tea patterns (Osmanthus-Tea (OT), Michelia-Tea (MT), Osmanthus-Michelia-Tea (OMT)) along with a study control (C) were examined in terms of these two knowledge gaps. Results showed that, in terms of tea cultivation, the OMT system is more suitable than the OT and MT systems. The OMT system significantly increased the total nitrogen (TN, 16.4%), total potassium (TK, 10.5%), available nitrogen (AN, 14.2%), available phosphorus (AP, 26.7%) and soil organic matter (SOM, 28.9%). The OMT system increased phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes abundance by 35.8% and 9.6%. In addition, the OMT system enhanced the abundance of class Bacteroidia (99.5%), Erysipelotrichia (96.9%), Clostridia (93.5%) and Actinobacteria (19.6%), respectively. In general, the phylum bacteria Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria accounted for the largest proportion of bacteria in all three intercropping systems. In this study, the abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were positively correlated with AN, SOM and TP. The results of the present study will help to develop a better understanding of the benefits imposed by different agroforestry intercropping systems on nutrient dynamics and microbial structural diversity during tea cultivation.
Understanding and Conquering the Difficulties in Identifying Third-Party Libraries From Millions of Android Apps

With the thriving of the Android ecosystem, codes are widely reused in Android apps in the form of third-party libraries. Recent research shows that emerging third-party libraries may introduce a lot of privacy risks and other security threats. Nevertheless, current approaches on libraries identification are far away from the demand for accuracy and efficiency. In this article, we present LibHawkeye, a new clustering-based technique to identify third-party libraries in millions of Android apps. Our approach utilizes four different kinds of dependencies inside Android apps to build intra-app dependency graphs but discards package homogeny which is heavily depended upon by most previous works. What’s more, we propose three steps of refinement to eliminate false positives in the initial result as much as possible. The experiment on 1,000 apps reports that compared to existing tools, LibHawkeye can precisely identify at least 26.5 percent more libraries. We also evaluate it with 3,987,206 Android apps published in Google Play, and the accuracy of sampled libraries from the clustering result is 93.25 percent. Results show that LibHawkeye significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art tools without loss of scalability.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Levels of Adaptations to Remote Teaching and Learning at A University in A Developing Country in the Context of COVID-19

The outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic has not only caused fear and uncertainty in the education systems across the globe, but it brought about a fundamental paradigm shift in the mode of teaching and learning. Higher education drastically transitioned to remote/ online delivery even for the students who had enrolled for face-to-face mode of teaching and learning. The paper is premised in the context of a developing country that such a drastic change could have widened the digital divide between students from privileged homes and those from disadvantaged families as students did not receive adequate technological training and to even acquire the necessary electronic devices. Consequently, the study sought to establish the levels of adaptation to remote teaching and learning by university students herein referred to as pre-service teachers. Following a quantitative research design, an online questionnaire survey was administered to 157 pre-service teachers enrolled in a Life Sciences Methodology module at a South African university. Data was analysed using SPSS version 26 and descriptive statistics, exploratory analysis of the questionnaire constructs and One-Way ANOVA tests were conducted to compare pre-service teachers` perceptions, experiences and preparedness. The results showed that the disparities and inequalities that exist in different South African contexts in which pre-service teachers hail from, dictated their levels of adaptations to remote teaching and learning. Those from disadvantaged backgrounds were less adapted as they struggled more when it comes to acquisition of electronic gadgets and connectivity to facilitate remote learning compared to those from advantaged backgrounds. This study afﬁrms the call for education institutions and governments to rethink ways of closing the gap between the poor and the rich in education in terms of resource and other support mechanisms.
Improving the Performance in Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment Analysis is the contextual mining of text which determines whether the given piece of words is positive, negative, or neutral. The main objective of this work is to make a system that rates movies based on the user's comments made on the movie. The system analyses the data in order to check for user sentiments associated with each comment and gathers all the comments made on a particular movie. It then calculates an average rating in order to score it. The system model checks for sentimental keywords and predicts user sentiment associated with it. Also, the system works on the sarcastic comments in order to find whether the comment is positive or not. Various Python libraries and Django Web Server has been used for the pre-processing of data.
Pretenders, entrepreneurs, and mercurians: An ethnohistorical approach to conceptualizing diplomacy

ABSTRACT Despite being around for less than a century, institutional diplomats are usually considered indispensable to peaceful international relations. Unconventional actors outside the foreign services corps might be acknowledged for their occasional role in forging bilateral deals but are considered too unpredictable to ensure a stable global order. Challenging these assumptions, this article offers a new framework to conceptualize the repeated patterns and recurring logics of informal diplomats. As its primary case study, it draws on ethnographic interviews conducted in 2015 with Jumma Khan, a little-known stateless diplomat. Despite no institutional or state support Khan served as a consular, resident ambassador, ambassador-at-large, special envoy, and a delegate to multinational conferences from 1958 to 2002, when he retired. I argue that he achieved these feats by channelling three historically established diplomatic character-types: the pretender, the entrepreneur, and the mercurian. As a pretender, he mobilized support abroad to gain recognition back home. As an entrepreneur, he oversold scant connections to leverage a deal that made his exaggerations a reality. As a mercurian, he moved as familiar-stranger, able to quickly string new places into his dispersed personal network. The article substantiates each of these characters through comparable figures from across global history. Diplomatic actors from various places and times, enacting similar approaches and logics, collectively demonstrate that informal diplomats are not inimitable aberrations. They are instead ubiquitous, recurring features of international relations, and in many ways, more stable elements of transnational politics than institutional diplomats.
PID-Based Design of DC Motor Speed Control

DC motor is an easy-to-apply motor but has inconsistent speed due to the existing load. PID (Proportional Integral Differential) is one of the standard controllers of DC motors. This study aimed to know the PID controller's performance in controlling the speed of a DC motor. The results showed that the PID controller could improve the error and transient response of the system response generated from DC motor speed control. Based on the obtained system response data from testing and tuning the PID parameters in controlling the speed of a DC motor, the PID controller parameters can affect the rate of a DC motor on the setpoint of 500, 1000, 1500: Kp = 0.05, Ki = 0.0198, Kd = 0.05.