Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Maternal Nutrition and Post-Weaning Management in a Late Spring Calving System and Synchronization of Estrus using Fixed Time AI Protocols

The objective or three experiments was to determine whether luteal regression at the onset of a fixed-time AI (TAI) protocol would improve pregnancy rates and if the time interval between PGF2α administration and TAI would affect pregnancy rates. Two experiments were conducted using yearling crossbred heifers: 1) heifers (n = 232) were blocked by BW into two groups and administered GnRH (100 μg, i.m.; COSynch + CIDR), or GnRH and PGF2α (25 mg, i.m.; CO-Synch + CIDR, PGF2α) with a controlled internal device release (CIDR) on d 0, CIDR removal and PGF2α on d 7, and TAI + GnRH 56 h later; 2) heifers (n = 1446) were randomly divided into five groups and received melengesterol acetate (MGA; 0.5 mg·animal -1 ·d -1 ) for 14 d, with PGF2α administered 19 d after last d of feeding MGA, and TAI approximately 72 h later with GnRH (MGA-PGF & TAI). Injection of PGF2α at the onset of the TAI protocol did not significantly increase pregnancy rates (P = 0.42). Time interval between PGF2α administration and TAI did not have a significant (P ≥ 0.05) on pregnancy rates. In conclusion, PGF2α administration at the onset of the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol to induce luteal regression did not affect pregnancy rates and variations in the time between PGF2α administration and TAI did not decrease pregnancy rates.
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on Streamflow and Sediment Discharge in the Ganjiang River Basin (1964–2013)

National large-scale soil and water conservation controls on the Gangjiang River basin have been documented, but the effect of governance on regional watershed hydrology and how the main driving factors act have not been systematically studied yet. To do this, this study evaluated changing trends and detected transition years for both streamflow and sediment discharge using long-term historical records at seven hydrological stations in the Ganjiang River basin over the past 50 years. The double mass curve (DMC) method was used to quantify the effects of both climate change and human activities on hydrological regime shifts. The results showed that the distributions of precipitation, streamflow, and sediment discharge within a year are extremely uneven and mainly concentrated in the flood season of Jiangxi Province. None of the stations showed significant trends over time for either annual precipitation or streamflow, while the annual sediment discharge at most stations decreased significantly over time. The estimation of sediment discharge via DMC indicated that after the transition years, there were rapid reductions in sediment discharge at all hydrological stations, and the average decline degree of midstream and downstream were much larger than that of upstream. Human activities, especially the increase of vegetation cover and construction of large and medium-sized reservoirs, provided a significantly greater contribution to the reduction of sediment discharge than did precipitation changes. As a case study of river evolution under global change environment, this study could provide scientific basis for the control of soil erosion and the management of water resources in Ganjiang River, as well as for the related research of Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River basin of China.
Dissolved organic carbon and biodegradable dissolved organic carbon determination in river water of the Strug Basin

The aim of the study was to determine Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon (BDOC) concentrations, as well as the correlation between them, in the river water of the Strug basin located in the Carpathian Foothills. The Strug river's hydrographic basin was chosen for the study as it is a typical catchment area, which allows ease of measurement. DOC concentrations in the streams (tributaries) and the Strug ranged from 2.71 to 4.88 mgC/dm3 and from 3.62 to 4.19 mgC/dm3, respectively. BDOC concentrations in the streams and the Strug ranged from 0.40 to 1.09 mgC/dm3 and from 0.64 to 0.77 mgC/dm3, respectively. BDOC, expressed as the percentage of DOC (%BDOC) ranged from 14.76 to 24.78% in the streams, and from 17.68 to 20.11% in the Strug. The procentage of BDOC is independent of DOC concentrations. The season of the year and the size of the watercourse had the greatest impact on DOC and BDOC concentrations.
GROWTH PARAMETERS, IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE IN RELATION TO SOWING DATES UNDER NORTH-DELTA OF EGYPT CONDITIONS

Field experiments were conducted in El-Bosaily farm in the Northern Coastal of Egypt during summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 to study the response of the single Cross 10 maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid to three sowing dates (1st of May, 1st of June and 1st of July) and three levels of irrigation; 60%, 80% and 100% of irrigation requirements (IR) which applied by drip irrigation system. The experimental design was split plot with four replications where the sowing dates and the irrigation levels were located in the main plots and the sub-plots, respectively. Germination percentage, vegetative growth, indices yield and yield components and water use efficiency were compared under the various sowing dates and irrigation level treatments. The main results were as follows: Vegetative growth traits, yield and water use efficiency of maize were decreased as sowing date delayed beyond the 1st of May. Sowing maize seeds at 1st of July gave the lowest vegetative growth traits and productivity compared to the other sowing dates during both seasons. Meanwhile application of 60% (IR) decreased vegetative growth traits as well as grain yield. Nevertheless, the 100% (IR) irrigation treatments gave the highest vegetative traits and grain yield. In contrary, results showed that the 60% (IR) irrigation requirement gave the highest water use efficiency (WUE). Increasing irrigation water above 60% (IR) led to decrease the values of water use efficiency. Meanwhile, the highest water use efficiency was obtained from the first sowing date (1st May) followed by the second sowing date (1st June) while the lowest value was obtained by the third sowing date (1st July).
How Does Seismic Rupture Accelerate? Observational Insights From Earthquake Source Time Functions

Observation of the seismic process for a large earthquake population is of key interest to detect potential magnitude‐dependent behaviors and, more generally, to quantify how seismic rupture develops. In contrast with studies focusing on the first radiated waves, we here propose to characterize the growing phase leading to the main seismic moment release episode(s), which we refer to as the development phase. Our analysis uses the 2,221 teleseismic source time functions (STFs) of shallow dip‐slip earthquakes provided by the global SCARDEC database and consists in measuring the moment acceleration during the development phase at prescribed moment rates. This approach is therefore insensitive to hypocentral time uncertainties and aims at quantifying how seismic ruptures accelerate, independently of when they accelerate. Our results first show that rupture acceleration does not exhibit any magnitude‐dependent signal emerging above the intrinsic measurements variability. We thus use the full STF catalog to characterize the moment rate Ṁd of the development phase and show that, on average, Ṁd(t)∝tnd with nd equal to 2.7. This time evolution therefore does not follow the steady t2 growth expected for classical circular crack models, which indicates that stress drop and/or rupture velocity transiently vary during the development phase. We finally illustrate with a synthetic STF catalog that, due to initial rupture variability, approaches based on hypocentral time are not expected to fully characterize the behavior of the development phase.
Employee Usage Intention of Ubiquitous Learning Technology: An Integrative View of User Perception Regarding Interactivity, Software, and Hardware

Ubiquitous learning (u-learning) has been recognized as an exciting approach to knowledge acquisition and skill development. However, a few studies have examined the factors influencing employees’ acceptance of u-learning in a ubiquitous computing environment, and the impact of interaction-oriented learning systems’ design factors on usage intention (UI) is rare as well. This paper proposes an integrated model derived from the technology acceptance model (TAM) by focusing on users’ perceptions of interactivity (INT), software, and hardware design factors. A questionnaire survey was used, and responses of 368 Chinese knowledge workers as learners in Beijing were analyzed using the partial least square structural equation model. This paper successfully integrated three sub-dimensions—interaction, software, and hardware design—into a learning systems design model from a user perspective. The results reveal that perceived INT, perceived content, and perceived infrastructure significantly influence how employees adopt u-learning. This paper is among the first ones to explore INT as a critical factor influencing employee u-learning. Furthermore, it also explored two attitude dimensions toward “formal” and “informal” u-learning formats and found that these attitudes influence UI, and based on that the TAM is extended. This paper contributes to the literature by investigating the factors affecting employee acceptance of u-learning technology. This paper has several implications for both researchers and practitioners of u-learning and in the educational technology context.
Establishing Principles for Bushfire Resilient Urban Planning

The aim of this study is to elaborate on the built and natural environment disciplines’ potential to develop applied understandings of resilience, using the example of land-use planning design guides in bushfire prone areas. The central argument of this study is that land-use planning can develop and apply spatial and physical resilience principles to disasters, contributing to developing meaningful ways of achieving resilience by bridging the space between overarching goals and the specificity of individual contexts. The study concludes that there are nine design principles that can improve settlements resilience in bushfire prone areas to reduce bushfire risk, organized under two major categories: acting on vulnerability and facilitating response.
An Adaptive Basin Management Rule to Improve Water Allocation Resilience under Climate Variability and Change—A Case Study in the Laja Lake Basin in Southern Chile

Due to population growth and expansion in the agricultural and industrial sectors, the demand for water has increased. However, water availability in some regions has decreased due to climate change trends and variability, necessitating innovative strategies and adaptation in water allocation to avoid conflicts among users in a hydrological system. This paper presents a resilience analysis and a conceptual hydrological modeling approach to evaluate the resilience capacity of a new water allocation rule in the Laja Lake basin in southern Chile. Resilience assessments included absorptive and adaptive capacities with four system states: resilient, susceptible, resistant, and vulnerable. A modeling approach was used considering the climate variability uncertainty and climate change trends of the Laja system. Characterization of adaptive and absorptive capacities showed that the Laja Lake basin moved from resistant to vulnerable. Hydrological modeling analyses showed that after a new water allocation agreement, the Laja Lake system is moving from vulnerable to susceptible, since the new rule has more adaptive alternatives to face climate variability. The new rule diminishes the possibilities of conflicts among users, ensuring the fulfillment of water needs for uses such as farming and ecosystem services such as landscaping, and allows for increased water allocation for energy in wet hydrological years.
Therapiemöglichkeiten bei der vaskulär bedingten erektilen Impotenz

Zur Diagnostik der vaskulär bedingten Impotenz möchten wir uns in diesem Rahmen nicht weiter auslassen. Der Hinweis scheint uns jedoch wesentlich, daß wir bis jetzt unsere Diagnose gezielt durch eine selektive Penisarteriographie stellen und der Ultraschall-Doppler-Untersuchung aus verschiedenen Gründen lediglich eine vergleichende Kontrollmöglichkeit in der postoperativen Phase beimessen. Arteriographisch sind oft einoder beidseitige Verschlüsse im Bereich der Aa. pudendae internae zu erkennen. Vorwiegend bei Diabetikern sind selektive Ausfälle einer der Penisarterien unmittelbar nach ihrer Abzweigung aus vorgenanntem Arterienpaar typisch.
New conodont faunas from the Late Ordovician of the Central Carnic Alps, Austria

Co11odo11t fauna.s recowred from both the Uggwa a11d Woln)'er li111esto11es of the Centml Cnmir Alps, Awtrin, documenred 1meq11ivocnlry the Amorphogn;1rhus ordovicicu. Zone. Hamarod us europaeus (Serpngli, 1967), Scabbardella altipes (J-Ie1111ings111oen, 1948) n11dWalliserodus ampliss imus (Seipngli, 1967) represent some of the chnmcteristic species. The associntiol! closery matches in composition nnd nge the conodont mnterinl described on the ltnlin11 . <ide of the Jllps. A )'Ounger (à1mt1 1vns recovered i111medintery ,1bove n well-Jmoum bmchiopod Hirnanria Fa1111a in the Ce/1011 sectiol! , a classic reference far Sil11ria11 conodont biostmtigrr1phy The nssociation keeps a rlem· Ordo/)icinn nspert having its markers in A. cf A. ordov icicus BrrtnsOI! & J\lfehl, 1933 and A. I i ndsrroem i (Se1pagli, 1967). Element. < of "Oichodel la-Bi rksleld ia ' ~ po,-,·ibly corr1'Spo11di ng to the distinct ive Nol'th A111ericm1 Cnmachinn genus Gamach ignarh us, nre well represented. Tnxn pre11io11s{y common in colder regime;, rnch ns Sasicwdoncina and lscorinus, are a/so present. The ab1111da11ce rmd modemte di11ersity of this fa1111a, co111posed ofabout flventy species, nl! ow ti jmt signijìca11t dejìnition of the Hima11tia11 conodo11tfliu11a fi"0/11 the A tlnntic Fa1111nf R1-gion. RIASSUNTO [Conodomi del l'Ordoviciano superiore del le Alpi Carniche Cencrali , Austria] Faune ti conodo11ti ritrol)flte nel cnlcare di Ugguia e nel mlcal'e di \. '(/o/aya delle Alpi Carniche Centmli A 11strinche ht111110 dornmentnto in //lodo inequivombile In zona rtd Amorphogn<1rhus ordovicicus. Alcune delle 'pecie pitì carrtttel'istiche sono Hamarodus europaeus (Serpa~/i. 1967), ScabbaJdella alripes (Hemiingm1oe11, 1948) e Walliserodus amplissimus (Sel'pagli, 1967). Le msociaziol! i l'i11ve1111te richiamano jol'temente in romposizione ed età le faune descritte sul verm11te italiano delle Alpi. Una fa1mt1 pitÌ recente, che nuwtiene t111 co1"fl un chinro t1Jpetto ordo11icir1110, è stnta rin11e11111r1 i111111ediata111en1e al di sopm di 1111a rmoriazione rr bmchiopodi nd Hirnamia nella sezione di Cellon, l'i[eri111ento clmsico nella biostmtigrrtfin n co11odonti del Si! 111"ia110. A rf A. ordovicicus Bmwon & Mehl, 1933 e A. linclsrroemi (Sereagli, 1967) sol! o presenti. Elemmti di 'Dichodelb-Birksfcldìa '; probnbilmente corl'ispo11de11te nl genere Nord Jlmericano "Ga mach igna rh us 'ct11"fltteristico del Ga 11111Chit1110, sono ben mpprem1tr1ti t1Ssieme rmche a taxa che emno preudente111e11te diffmi i11 regimi più freddi q11ali Sagitcodontina ed lstorin us. L'abbondal! za e In modemtn di1Jer;it? t di questa associazione, composta di circn oenti specie, pennette 1111a primrt sig11ijìmtil)a definizione della fnul! rt a conodonti de/l'fiimantiano clelln Regione Fnunisticrr Atlt111ticn.
Examining the Interior of the Llaima Volcano, Chile: Evidence from Receiver Functions

1 The Llaima volcano is the second most active volcano in the southern Andes. However, 2 despite its frequent eruptions and close proximity to the towns of Melipueco and Vilcún, not 3 much is known about the interior of the volcano. In 2012, a petrologic study was conducted on 4 the volcano, producing the first images of what its magmatic system is like. However, seismic 5 imaging of the interior of the volcano had yet to be conducted. In this paper, we apply receiver 6 functions to produce the first seismic study of the interior of the Llaima volcano. An iterative 7 deconvolution technique was applied to both deep local events and teleseismic earthquakes 8 recorded by seismometers near the Llaima. Once receiver functions were calculated, H-κ 9 stacking was applied to probe the Earth structure under the volcano and search for areas of 10 partial melting. From this survey, it was found that the Mohorovii discontinuity (Moho) was 11 located at approximately sixty kilometers beneath the volcano, and that a pocket of partial 12 melting was found at approximately twenty kilometers depth. This study provides the first 13 look at the deep magmatic system structure underneath Llaima. 14
3D refraction traveltime migration for near surface imaging

Three-dimensional (3D) surveys are a major tool in seismic exploration. In the estimation of the near-surface velocity structure, 3D first-arrival traveltime tomography is frequently applied to produce the velocity model. However, tomographic imaging tends to blur the sharp features and results in a smoothed structure. In this study, we develop a 3D refraction traveltime migration method to locate the refraction interface with a large velocity contrast. The method mainly includes the reconstruction of two oppositely propagating wavefront systems and the application of an imaging condition. Only the overburden velocity and refraction traveltimes are needed for imaging the refraction interface. We design two synthetic tests to verify this method in both a constant-velocity model and a model with a velocity gradient. The results show that the 3D refraction traveltime migration method could help delineate a high-resolution refraction interface.
Indoor Air Quality and Its Effects on Health among Urban Residents in Jakarta and Surabaya, Indonesia

In rapidly growing countries, such as in Indonesia, dramatic increase in new urban houses constructed of modern building materials without sufficient material standards or minimum ventilation rates may cause health problems related with indoor air quality (IAQ). This study investigates the current IAQ and health condition in Kampongs and high-rise apartments in Jakarta and Surabaya, Indonesia. Concentrations of formaldehyde and TVOC were measured, whereas a questionnaire was conducted to collect the data of building attributes, cleaning behaviour, ventilation duration, personal information and health. 707 respondents were interviewed, and 163 rooms were measured from September 2017 to October 2018 in Surabaya and Jakarta. The results showed that overall, the newly constructed apartments recorded higher formaldehyde compared to Kampongs—more than 60% in apartments exceeded the WHO standard of 0.08 ppm. On the other hand, there was little difference in TVOC between Kampongs and apartments and the maximum values reached from 8, 000 up to 21, 800 µg/m3. In general, the multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) of occupants in apartments was twice as high as that in Kampongs. Further, the occupants with higher IAQ measurement results corresponded to the higher MCS risk. The primary results showed a high possibility of IAQ-related health problems in both Kampongs and newly constructed apartments in Indonesia although the main causes were probably different between them.
Remote Sensing of Algal Blooms in Lake Mývatn, Iceland

Lake Mývatn in Iceland is a eutrophic lake well-known for its unique ecosystem. Planktonic cyanobacteria are of vital importance to its ecosystem. Cyanobacterial blooms in the water column shade the bottom and reduce growth of benthic macrophytes; its increased frequency and duration have resulted in major reduction in benthic green algae, including the near disappearance of the rare Marimo balls. For the past 50 years the ecosystem has been monitored in considerable detail, however no research using remote sensing on algae or cyanobacteria has been done for Lake Mývatn. Previous research for other turbid inland waters provides various methods of quantifying algal and cyanobacterial blooms by estimating concentrations of their indicators; chlorophyll-a (CHL) and phycocyanin (PC). This study tested two CHL and one PC quantification methods on Lake Mývatn for the summers of 2016 and 2018 using multispectral satellite images from Landsat 8, Sentinel-2 and Advanced Land Imager. CHL and PC concentration maps were computed and validated with in-situ concentration measurements. The overall accuracy of the three methods were R=0.09 (CHL1), R=0.11 (CHL2), and R=0.07 (PC). The results show that applying these methods in a new study area is nontrivial. In order to accurately predict algae pigment concentrations, method optimisation should be performed with in-situ spectral data. Once the newly proposed method shows statistically significant results, concentration maps can be created of Lake Mývatn for future and past satellite images. This can provide insight into algal and cyanobacterial blooming in Lake Mývatn and its influence on the lake’s ecosystem.
Inclusion of Viscosity Into Classical Homogeneous Nucleation Theory for Water Bubbles in Silicate Melts: Reexamination of Bubble Number Density in Ascending Magmas

To evaluate the effect of melt viscosity on bubble nucleation, we formulated the homogeneous nucleation rate of water bubbles to explicitly include melt viscosity. The viscosity coefficient appears in the preexponential factor of the nucleation rate in terms of the Péclet number: the ratio of the bubble growth timescale by molecular diffusion and the viscous relaxation timescale. The preexponential factor is almost constant when viscosity is low (or a high Péclet number), whereas it linearly decreases with increasing viscosity (or a decreasing Péclet number) exceeding the crossover value of viscosity, under a given supersaturation. The crossover point depends on whether homogeneous or heterogeneous nucleation takes place. We numerically solved the evolution of bubble nucleation and growth processes in ascending magmas by using the new nucleation rate formula and a precise approximation of moment equations of the bubble size distribution function. The resultant bubble number density has two regimes, similar to the previous study, but the transition point between the diffusion‐controlled regime and the viscosity‐controlled regime moves to higher viscosity or higher decompression rates by 0.6 log units at the maximum. In the viscosity‐controlled regime, the effect of the better approximation of bubble size distribution moment equations reduces bubble number density by a few orders of magnitude compared with the previous study. As a result of compiling the past laboratory experimental data, it turned out that all the experiments are conducted under the conditions equivalent to the diffusion‐controlled regime. We propose an experimental condition to confirm the presence of the viscosity‐controlled regime.
Intérêt de la spectrophotométrie dérivée pour le dosage de l'hémoglobine plasmatique et urinaire. Comparaison avec la méthode utilisant la correction d'Allen.

: We are proposing a technique enabling the dosage of hemoglobin in plasma or urine using spectrophotometry in derivative double dash. Around 420 nm hemoglobin has an elevated molecular extinction factor but the absorption of natural pigments creates a non-negligible interference in the classic spectrophotometric methods. On the contrary, the use of the derivative double dash enables to practically eliminate the background noise and to obtain a specific signal for hemoglobin while keeping an excellent sensitivity. In the plasma, where hemoglobin is entirely linked to haptoglobin, the dosage is done by direct reading (while in the urine the presence of several pigment forms requires the use of Drabkin's reagent. The method is simple, quick, precise and enables to titrate 1 mg.l (or 0.015 mumole.l-1) of hemoglobin. The influence of bilirubin is negligible. The comparison with a method using Allen's correction shows the superiority of the former as far as precision and accuracy are concerned, by avoiding the danger of a non-negligible systematic error.