Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Editorial

Abstract In this editorial, we summarize and comment on the papers published in Issue 9.3. The first paper is entitled ‘The Magnitude and Distance Decay of Trade in Goods and Services: New Evidence for European Countries’, by Martin J. Burger, Mark J. P. M. Thissen, Frank G. Van Oort and Dario Diodato. Second, we have the paper by Linda Marie Gerkman and Niklas Ahlgren entitled ‘Practical Proposals for Specifying k-Nearest Neighbours Weights Matrices‘. The third paper is ‘Analytical and Empirical Comparison of Policy-Relevant Key Sector Measures’ by Umed Temurshoev and Jan Oosterhaven. Fourth, we have the paper entitled ‘Tax Competition with Heterogeneous Firms’ by Richard E. Baldwin and Toshihiro Okubo. The final paper is by Félix Modrego, Philip McCann, William E. Foster, and M. Rose Olfert entitled'Regional Market Potential and the Number and Size of Firms: Observations and Evidence from Chile’.
When English meets isiXhosa in the clause: An exploration into the grammar of code-switching 1

Abstract The phenomenon of code-switching accords linguists the opportunity to study the interaction between two distinct grammatical systems. The contact languages may have different specifications for corresponding lexical items; and a likely outcome of utilising two linguistic systems in the same speech event is the creation of a ‘new grammar’ in which some lexemes exhibit loss of certain abstract features. Using Myers-Scotton's (1993b, 2002, inter alia) Matrix Language Frame and the 4-M model, this study examines naturally-occurring isiXhosa-English data, collected from Rhodes University students in Grahamstown. The study shows that in bilingual speech some English transitive verbs lose their typical subcategorisation features such that they have to be ‘retransitivised’ by isiXhosa affixes. The paper argues that code-switching data can provide insights into the nature of lexical entries across languages as well as the patterns of grammatical convergence which result from language contact.
Choosing Public Participation Methods for Natural Resources: A Context-Specific Guide

Although public participation has been required of many public agencies and incorporated at all levels in natural resource decision making, little detailed, strategic guidance has been available to help managers understand when and how to involve the public. The Vroom-Yetton model, borrowed from the workplace arena, has shown considerable promise for this purpose. We found, however, that the model needs to be adapted to fit different criteria present in the public natural resource arena. We proposed several modifications to the model for this purpose and demonstrated the use of the revised model.
A discourse-analytical approach to intertextual advertisements: a model to describe a dominant world-view

The intertextual messages in advertising discourse can be regarded as generally-accepted shared knowledge between the marketer (sender) and the target market which is based on a certain dominant world-view. In order to determine the intertextual domains regarded as general knowledge, a randomly selected sample of 200 intertextual advertisements from the print media in Afrikaans, English and Dutch was gathered. These examples were qualitatively tested for their acceptability by means of the criteria established by Harty (1985). The following hypernorms which describe our world were identified in this corpus of 200 advertisements based on the recurring intertextual domains and texts assumed as general knowledge by copy-writers. This includes that there are no subject taboos; physical appearance is important; health and fitness are important; life is depicted as leisure and work should be avoided; a distinction is made between women as sex symbols and emancipated women; men and women in society have new roles to play; we have national stereotypes of certain cultural groups; people from the entertainment world are as much part of our lives as family and friends; caring for the environment and animals is important; we have a materialistic and visual approach to life; sensitivity for minority groups (the deaf, disabled, etc.) is important; globalisation is a fact and our life and language are dictated by technology.
Bibliometrics

Abstract This commentary raises significant cautions related to inherent shortcomings in the use of bibliographic analytic technology, and in particular its use in substantive decision making around promotion and tenure. Questions are raised concerning the continued use of scholarly energy for bibliometric analysis of subtly different settings. The recommendation is offered that future efforts in bibliometrics must target methods to reduce methodological shortcomings. These include clarifying the metric used to “count” sole/multiple authorship, and to evaluate the “merit” of manuscripts as well as journals in which they appear. Finally, the fundamental meaning of the information produced in these analyses (i.e., the validity of the measure) must be clearly presented in order for it to be credibly used.
Adaptation Strategies of Displaced Idaho Woods Workers: Results of a Longitudinal Panel Study

Adaptation strategies of displaced Idaho woods workers are examined by means of a longitudinal panel study. Workers, laid off by a large company for economic rather than for environmental/public policy reasons, were interviewed shortly after the layoff and again a year later. The most commonly chosen adaptation strategy at the time of both the first and second interview was to work for one of several small contract logging firms, usually at significantly reduced wages and benefits and with little job security and greater perceived risks of work - related injury. The next most commonly chosen strategies at the time of the first interview were retirement and remaining unemployed. A small number opted for retraining. By the time of the second interview the number choosing retraining had increased but was still comparatively small. Perhaps the most striking finding was that at the second interview, of 84 original panelists only 2 had left their home area in search of employment in other locations.
COALITION FORM AND MOBILIZATION EFFECTIVENESS IN LOCAL SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

Little has been written on the form that coalitions take in social movements. Three months of fieldwork by a five-person team documented the population of social movement events (SMEs) across seven movements in a Southwestern city. We investigated the process and form that led to these events at the interorganizational level. Three different coalition forms, as well as single social movement organizations (SMOs) acting alone, organized the SMEs. The network invocation form a single SMO making strategic and framing decisions while encouraging other SMOs in its network to mobilize participants was significantly more effective than other forms at mobilizing attendance at events.
Measures of model uncertainty and calibrated option bounds

Recently, Cont introduced a quantitative framework for measuring model uncertainty in the context of derivative pricing [Model uncertainty and its impact on the pricing of derivative instruments, Math. Finance, 16(3) (2006), pp. 519–547]. Two measures of model uncertainty were proposed: one measure based on a coherent risk measure compatible with market prices of derivatives and another measure based on convex risk measures. We show in a discrete time, finite state probability setting, that the two measures introduced by Cont are closely related to calibrated option bounds studied recently by King et al. [Calibrated option bounds, Inf. J. Ther. Appl. Financ. , 8(2) (2005), pp. 141–159]. The precise relationship is established through convex programming duality. As a result, the model uncertainty measures can be computed efficiently by solving convex programming or linear programming problems after a suitable discretization. Numerical results using S&P 500 options are given.
Writing for publication for counsellors and therapists: part II

Following from the first article in this series, in the previous issue of this journal, this article will continue to take you through guidance about how to write for publication. In 2009 and 2010 Taylor & Francis funded two workshops on this topic for members of the British Association for Sexual and Relationship Therapy. Using some of the exercises and feedback from these workshops these linked articles will consider further strategies for writing, following on from the ideas presented in the last article. After that, the current article will focus on some of the main forms of writing that counsellors and therapists can consider: case-studies and basic small-scale quantitative and qualitative research.
Editorial

We are pleased to introduce this special issue of Social Work Education on technology-enhanced learning and teaching in social work education. As editors its production represents a culmination of our involvement over the past decade in interrelated activities in the UK and internationally. It is an opportunity to disseminate understanding, knowledge and information and raise awareness of the potential benefits and barriers of technologies for enhancing learning and teaching. It is important to state that as editors we are not uncritical of the use and impact of technology; indeed we are passionate advocates against the misuse of technology in society, for example for abuse of our privacy or abuse of children through the Internet, and technology’s misappropriation in education, for example through the introduction of systems that do not support flexible and high quality social work practice or learning. Our own research and development interests carried out through the Centre for Human Service Technology and our role with the Higher Education Academy Subject Centre for Social Policy and Social Work have provided us with excellent opportunities to forward our own thinking which in turn has supported us in taking on an observatory role for this special issue. Writing in this field of interest has mostly been confined to specialist journals such as The Haworth Press’ Journal of Technology in the Human Services and books, for example Glastonbury (1985), Geiss & Viswanathan (1986), Rafferty et al. (1996) and Schoech (1999). These have reached a limited audience of technology innovators in the human services and have been supported by international conferences that have enabled a network of academics, practitioners and policy makers to develop over time. The understandings and practice developed through these networks have not always been disseminated well through the mainstream journals. We are pleased, therefore, to have the opportunity to rectify this trend in presenting this issue and to provide a platform for the work of colleagues with similar enthusiasm and interests. The papers in this issue are not only from the four countries of the UK but also represent a wider international flavour from authors in five other countries. Given that one of the key attributes of new technologies is that they enable us to eliminate barriers of spatial and temporal distance it is appropriate that we share and learn from experience in an international context. When we put out the call for papers for this issue we were very interested not only in seeing the general response but also in reading about the ways in which educators are engaging with and using learning technologies and we were particularly interested in theoretical perspectives and evidence based findings. Social Work Education Vol. 27, No. 6, September 2008, pp. 577–580
Bounding Entities within Dense Subtensors

Group-based fraud detection is a promising methodology to catch frauds on the Internet because 1) it does not require a long activity history for a single user; and 2) it is difficult for fraudsters to avoid due to their economic constraints. Unfortunately, existing work does not cover the entire picture of a fraud group: they either focus on the grouping feature based on graph features like edge density, or probability-based features, but not both. To our knowledge, we are the first to combine these features into a single set of metrics: the complicity score and fraud density score. Both scores allow customization to accommodate different data types and data distributions. Even better, algorithms built around these metrics only use localized graph features, and thus scale easily on modern big data frameworks. We have applied our algorithms to a real production dataset and achieve state-of-the-art results comparing to other existing approaches.
Playing war

This paper argues that war video games are transitional spaces that connect players to the ‘war on terror’. It explores the pervasive influence of militarism in video games and how the US Army is enlisting play as an active force in blurring the distinctions between civilian and soldier. The paper begins by theorizing what exactly it means to ‘play’, and settles on the concept of ‘transitional space’ provided by psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott. It then investigates the ‘military entertainment complex’, an assemblage of institutions and sites that produce military video games for commercial release. Next, the paper looks at the aesthetics of video games, revealing an entrenched colonial logic instrumental for military recruitment and consent. The final section pulls all of this together to argue that video games are transitional spaces instrumental to understanding the everyday geographies of violence, terror, and warfare.
The use of simulated moving bed in chromatographic separation: study of the SMB configuration

The simulated moving bed (SMB) unit in a chromatographic separation of enantiomers has been modeled and simulated by a computational program. The mathematical model of the unit considers the plug flow model with axial dispersion for the fluid phase and the linear driving force approximation for the intraparticle mass transfer rate. The model assumes the switching of the inlet and outlet streams of the unit for each time interval, and then, allows accompanying the evolution of the internal profiles of enantiomer concentration for the transient operation of the SMB. The mathematical equations with the respective boundary and initial conditions are numerically solved by finite volume method. The influence of bed configuration on the SMB performance has been studied using a computational program. However the purity and recovery of some species are slightly affected by configuration.
Simultaneous Absorption of Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide into Aqueous 2-amino-2-methy-1-propanol

Carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide were simultaneously absorbed into aqueous 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in a stirred semi-batch tank with a planar gas-liquid interface within a range of 0–4.0 kmol/m3 of AMP, 0.03–0.3 atm of CO2, 0.005–0.2 atm of NO2, and 298–318 K. Absorption data of each gas in the CO2-AMP and NO2-AMP systems were obtained to verify their reaction regimes, based on film theory, respectively, which were then used to analyze the simultaneous absorption mechanisms of CO2 and NO2 in the CO2-NO2-AMP systems. The measured absorption rates of CO2 and NO2 were compared to those formulated by an approximate solution of the mass balances with simultaneous reactions.
Lattice QCD Study of the Nucleon–Charmonium Interaction

The $J/\psi$-nucleon interaction is studied by lattice QCD calculations. At the leading order of the derivative expansion, the interaction consists of four terms: the central, the spin-spin, and two types of tensor forces. We determine these spin-dependent forces quantitatively by using the time-dependent HAL QCD method. We find that the spin-spin force is the main cause of the hyperfine splitting between the $J=1/2$ and the $J=3/2$ states, while the two tensor forces have much smaller effects on the S-wave scattering processes.
Authors' Responses

Abstract The risk of rampant second-guessing of the design and/or results of randomized clinical trials could lead to reluctance of scientific experts to participate in the management or oversight of these important vehicles that test new therapies. Under the premise that second-guessing is a growing issue, we considered it to be a very important exercise to use sound scientific footing in order to do so. Given the controversial nature of the subject material, the editor obtained discussions from a group of eight experts from multiple points of view. These discussions add a great deal to our publication. This article will provide our summary response to both practical and technical issues underlying their discussion.
Green synthesis of Se nanoparticles and its effect on salt tolerance of barley plants

In this study, selenite ions were reduced to selenium nanoparticles using a leaf extract of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants. Characterization of synthesized nanoparticles using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and UV-visible spectrophotometry indicated the formation of variable size of selenium nanoparticles, suggesting that leaf extract could form polydispersed nanoparticles. Then we used these synthesized selenium nanoparticles to mitigate salt stress in barley plants under hydroponic conditions. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analyses suggested that the hydroponically nano-Se application resulted in direct accumulation of Se in the leaves of barley. Shoot growth was negatively affected by salinity levels up to 100 mM, whereas this reduction was mitigated by application of exogenous Se nanoparticles. Our results indicated that high salinity stress decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and enhanced the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves of barley seedlings, whereas application of Se nanoparticles increased total phenolic levels, and also resulted in a significant reduction of MDA (a marker for the ROS-mediated cell membrane damage) contents, which could influence the metabolism and be responsible for the increasing shoot dry weight. These results provided the first evidence that the green Se nanoparticles promote the growth of barley seedlings under salt stress.
AI in the media and creative industries

Thanks to the Big Data revolution and increasing computing capacities, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made an impressive revival over the past few years and is now omnipresent in both research and industry. The creative sectors have always been early adopters of AI technologies and this continues to be the case. As a matter of fact, recent technological developments keep pushing the boundaries of intelligent systems in creative applications: the critically acclaimed movie “Sunspring”, released in 2016, was entirely written by AI technology, and the first-ever Music Album, called “Hello World”, produced using AI has been released this year. Simultaneously, the exploratory nature of the creative process is raising important technical challenges for AI such as the ability for AI-powered techniques to be accurate under limited data resources, as opposed to the conventional “Big Data” approach, or the ability to process, analyse and match data from multiple modalities (text, sound, images, etc.) at the same time. The purpose of this white paper is to understand future technological advances in AI and their growing impact on creative industries. This paper addresses the following questions: Where does AI operate in creative Industries? What is its operative role? How will AI transform creative industries in the next ten years? This white paper aims to provide a realistic perspective of the scope of AI actions in creative industries, proposes a vision of how this technology could contribute to research and development works in such context, and identifies research and development challenges.
Detection of the G143A Mutation that Confers Resistance to QoI Fungicides in Alternaria tomatophila from Tomatoes

During the 2014 tomato growing season in Indiana the control of early blight caused by Alternaria spp. was difficult to achieve. QoI fungicides are still part of the spray programs designed to control early blight and other tomato diseases, despite the fact that Alternaria isolates less sensitive to QoI fungicides have been reported since 2007 in tomato producing areas in the United States. The cytochrome b gene mutation associated with QoI sensitivity shift is the F129L mutation (substitution of phenylalanine for leucine at position 129). Isolates of Alternaria spp. were collected from tomato fields in Indiana and their response and resistance mechanism to the QoI fungicides azoxystrobin and famoxadone was determined. Isolates were identified as A. tomatophila based on conidial morphology and molecular tools. It was found that most of the isolates had the G143A mutation (glycine for alanine at position 143). The detection of G143A mutation explains the very low levels of early blight control obtained with the QoI fungicides. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the detection of QoI resistant isolates of A. tomatophila having the G143A mutation.
Book reviews

As Ken Hillis has pointed out, the geographical study of communication has been limited by geographers’ traditional focus on ‘that which can be seen’ (1998: 545). This is a problem because many aspects of communication are intangible. Paul Adams’ first book is a significant step toward remedying that problem. In his earlier work on the extensible self (Adams 2000), the focus was on mapping individuals’ accessibility to other places and people—their connectedness to others through both physical transportation and virtual mobility, via technologies such as the telephone and e-mail. In The Boundless Self, Adams goes a step further: the self is now defined as the sum of its connections to others and to the social and natural environment. As Adams demonstrates in the course of five enjoyable and well-written chapters, this reconceptualization of the self has implications for our understanding of the contents and contexts of communication, for our moral responsibility to others who are touched by our extended agency, and for the modes of discourse geographers employ as they attempt to map (and ideally intervene in) the spaces of communication constituted by global capitalism and global networks. Drawing on Giddens’ view of modern social relations as disembedded and distanciated, Adams suggests that one’s self is constituted within webs of communication: ‘As nodes in a network of human actors that persists through time, depending materially on the earth and on its natural processes and components, we are both extensible and grounded in a complex, four-dimensional web’ (p. xi). As in his earlier work, Adams builds on Hägerstrand’s geography of lifepaths to chart the individual’s physical movement and virtual extension in space and time. This approach to visualization of the extensible self brings a welcome dose of empiricism to critical studies of identity and theories of the ‘post-human’ (e.g. Deleuze 2001; Grossberg 1996; Hayles 1999). Unfortunately, Adams does not develop this intriguing method more fully in this book, which is more concerned with the theoretical definition of the concept of self. A primary aim of the book is to articulate this concept of the self in terms of communication content and contexts. Adams argues that the individual is constituted through the interactive production of meaning, but meaning itself must be seen as grounded in both social and geographical contexts. That is, while signs (such as written or spoken words) may be arbitrary, the complex symbolic constructions they compose (e.g. places, plans, theories, buildings) are not. Such constructions are motivated by our pragmatic need to negotiate the requirements of the natural and social environment, and forms of communication that do not serve us well will eventually be changed or abandoned. This is an important point, especially when most critical theory—Foucauldian analysis, for Social & Cultural Geography, Vol. 7, No. 4, August 2006