Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response to Terlipressin and Albumin Is Associated With Improved Liver Transplant Outcomes in Patients With Hepatorenal Syndrome

Although terlipressin and albumin are effective at treating acute kidney injury‐hepatorenal syndrome (AKI‐HRS), liver transplantation (LT) is the best treatment. However, it is unclear if an effective treatment with terlipressin and albumin improves post‐LT outcomes in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of response to treatment with terlipressin and albumin on posttransplant outcomes in patients with AKI‐HRS.
Zn4B6O13: Efficient Borate Photocatalyst with Fast Carrier Separation for Photodegradation of Tetracycline.

There is a need for photocatalysts with efficient photocarrier separation to address issues with environmental pollution. Photocarrier separation is largely determined by the orbital composition near the band edge. Here, we investigate Zn4B6O13 as an efficient photocatalyst for photodegradation of tetracycline. Theoretical calculations of Zn4B6O13 show that the valence band near the Fermi level is composed of d and p orbitals whereas the bottom of the conduction band is composed of s and p orbitals; thus, a large value of mh*/me* is derived from the band dispersion. The characteristics of this orbital composition promote separation of photoexcited carriers, leading to a high transfer efficiency of the catalyst. Moreover, photodegradation experiments demonstrate that the photocatalytic activity of Zn4B6O13 is approximately 5.2 times as high as that of SnO2. This study provides insights that might aid the development of novel borate-based environmental photocatalysts with superior performance.
Targeting Dopamine Receptor D2 by Imipridone Suppresses Uterine Serous Cancer Malignant Phenotype

Uterine serous cancer (USC) is an aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer, with poor survival and high recurrence rates. The development of novel and effective therapies specific to USC would aid in its management. However, few studies have focused solely on this rare subtype. The current study demonstrated that the orally bioavailable, investigational new drug and novel imipridone ONC206 suppressed USC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Disruption of the DRD2-mediated p38MAPK/ERK/PGC-1α network by ONC206 led to metabolic reprogramming and suppression of both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. ONC206 also synergized with paclitaxel in reducing USC cell viability. In addition, DRD2 overexpression correlated with poor overall survival in patients. This study provides the first evidence that ONC206 induced metabolic reprogramming in USC cells and is a promising therapeutic agent for USC treatment. These findings support further development of ONC206 as a promising therapeutic agent and improves survival rates in patients with USC.
Autologous Protein Solution Injections for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: 3-Year Results

Background: Blood derivative injections have been recently proposed to address osteoarthritis (OA) with overall positive results, although long-term data on their efficacy are lacking. A novel blood derivative has been developed to concentrate growth factors and antagonists of inflammatory cytokines and shown promising early findings. Purpose: To investigate if the positive effects of a single intra-articular injection of autologous protein solution (APS) in patients affected by knee OA—previously documented at 1 year in a multicenter double-blind randomized saline-controlled trial—last up to 3 years. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 46 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence 2 or 3 knee OA were randomized into 2 groups: 1 ultrasound-guided APS injection (n = 31) or 1 saline injection (n = 15). At 1 year, the saline group was allowed to cross over. Patients were re-evaluated at 24 and 36 months through the visual analog scale for pain (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Likert 3.1 (WOMAC LK 3.1), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Outcome Measures in Rheumatology–Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OMERACT-OARSI) responder rate. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation was performed with the MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) before and at 24 months after treatment, and radiographs were assessed per Kellgren-Lawrence before and annually after treatment. Results: In the APS cohort, WOMAC pain improved from 11.5 ± 2.4 (mean ± SD) to 4.3 ± 4.0 at 1 year and to 5.7 ± 5.0 at 3 years (P < .0001 vs baseline). The APS cohort also showed a statistically significant improvement in its KOOS pain score from 39.4 ± 13.1 to 70.6 ± 21.5 at 1 year and to 64.1 ± 24.6 at 3 years (P < .0001 vs baseline) and VAS pain scores from 5.5 ± 2.2 to 2.6 ± 2.5 at 1 year and to 3.4 ± 2.9 at 3 years (P = .0184 vs baseline). VAS pain score significantly worsened from 12 to 36 months (P = .0411). All patients in the saline group decided to cross over to APS, and their final scores were better than baseline, although not significantly better than at the crossover point. Overall, 7 of 26 (26.9%) APS cases and 4 of 14 (28.6%) crossover cases were considered failures as patients underwent further injective treatments or surgical procedures between the 12- and 36-month follow-up. MOAKS findings showed no statistically significant differences. Patients with better cartilage had greater WOMAC pain improvement when their baseline scores were worse, whereas the trend was reversed for patients with cartilage loss at baseline. Conclusion: Intra-articular use of APS for mild to moderate knee OA was safe, and significant pain improvement was documented 3 years after a single injection. Patients with better cartilage status seem to respond better than patients with more cartilage loss, with more clinical improvement even when starting from more painful conditions. Registration: NCT02138890 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Development and Validation of the Short Healthy Eating Index Survey with a College Population to Assess Dietary Quality and Intake

Because diet quality (DQ) is associated with risk of chronic disease and is a common construct assessed in health-related research, validated tools to assess DQ are needed that have low respondent and researcher burden. Thus, content experts develop the Short Healthy Eating Index (sHEI) tool and an associated scoring system. The sHEI scoring system was then refined using a classification and regression tree (CRT) algorithm methodology with an iterative feedback process with expert review and input. The sHEI scoring system was then validated using a concurrent criterion validation process that included the sHEI DQ scores (calculated from responses from 50 participants) being compared to the participants’ Healthy Eating Index scores derived from 24 h recalls. The total HEI score from the CRT algorithm highly correlated with the 24 h recall HEI score (0.79). For individual food group items, the correlation between the CRT algorithm scoring and the 24 h recall data scoring ranged from 0.44 for refined grains to 0.64 for whole fruits. The sHEI appears to be a valid tool for estimating overall dietary quality and individual items (with correlations > 0.49) for fruits, vegetables, dairy, added sugar, sugar from sugar-sweetened beverages, and calcium.
Attention Matters: How Orchestrating Attention May Relate to Classroom Learning

Attention is thought to be the gateway between information and learning, yet there is much we do not understand about how students pay attention in the classroom. Leveraging ideas from cognitive neuroscience and psychology, we explore a framework for understanding attention in the classroom, organized along two key dimensions: internal/external attention and on-topic/off-topic attention. This framework helps us to build new theories for why active-learning strategies are effective teaching tools and how synchronized brain activity across students in a classroom may support learning. These ideas suggest new ways of thinking about how attention functions in the classroom and how different approaches to the same active-learning strategy may vary in how effectively they direct students’ attention. We hypothesize that some teaching approaches are more effective than others because they leverage natural fluctuations in students’ attention. We conclude by discussing implications for teaching and opportunities for future research.
Prediabetes and risk for myocardial infarction by hypertension status in a Chinese population: a prospective cohort study

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Background: Whether prediabetes alone or combined with hypertension is a more important risk factor for cardiovascular disease is controversial. In this study, we aimed to examine this association to fill the research gap. Methods and results: A total of 85 570 participants (mean age: 58.0 years) without diabetes and no previous myocardial infarction (MI) were recruited for this study. Participants were divided into four groups according to prediabetes status and were further stratified according to hypertension status. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox regression models. After a mean follow-up period of 11.0 years, 1122 (rate 1.19/1000 person-years) individuals developed MI. Compared with participants without either condition, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for MI events among participants with prediabetes alone, hypertension alone, and both prediabetes and hypertension were 1.06 (95% CI: 0.84–1.36), 1.73 (95% CI 1.49–2.00), and 1.89 (95% CI 1.57–2.27), respectively. Among participants with and without hypertension, there was no association between prediabetes and an increased risk for MI (hazard ratio: 1.11 95% CI 0.94–1.32 and hazard ratio: 1.02 95% CI 0.80–1.30, respectively). Conclusion: The current study indicated that among the Chinese general population, the increased risk of MI associated with prediabetes is largely driven by concomitant hypertension rather than prediabetes per se.
Exposure to ethnic discrimination in social media and symptoms of anxiety and depression among Hispanic emerging adults: Examining the moderating role of gender.

METHOD Two hundred Hispanic emerging adults from Arizona (n = 99) and Florida (n = 101) completed a cross-sectional survey, and data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses. RESULTS Higher social media discrimination was associated with higher symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety. Moderation analyses indicated that higher social media discrimination was only associated with symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety among men, but not women. CONCLUSION This is likely the first study on social media discrimination and mental health among emerging adults; thus, expanding this emerging field of research to a distinct developmental period.
Differences in the growth rate and immune strategies of farmed and wild mallard populations

Individuals reared in captivity are exposed to distinct selection pressures and evolutionary processes causing genetic and phenotypic divergence from wild populations. Consequently, restocking with farmed individuals may represent a considerable risk for the fitness of free-living populations. Supportive breeding on a massive scale has been established in many European countries to increase hunting opportunities for the most common duck species, the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). It has previously been shown that mallards from breeding facilities differ genetically from wild populations and there is some indication of morphological differences. Using a common-garden experiment, we tested for differences in growth parameters between free-living populations and individuals from breeding facilities during the first 20 days of post-hatching development, a critical phase for survival in free-living populations. In addition, we compared their immune function by assessing two haematological parameters, H/L ratio and immature erythrocyte frequency, and plasma complement activity. Our data show that farmed ducklings exhibit larger morphological parameters, a higher growth rates, and higher complement activity. In haematological parameters, we observed high dynamic changes in duckling ontogeny in relation to their morphological parameters. In conclusion, our data demonstrate pronounced phenotype divergence between farmed and wild mallard populations that can be genetically determined. We argue that this divergence can directly or indirectly affect fitness of farmed individuals introduced to the breeding population as well as fitness of farmed x wild hybrids.
Functional genomics through metabolite profiling and gene expression analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Functional genomics through metabolite profiling and gene expression analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana Diego Fernando Cortes Bermudez Vladimir Shulaev, Chair In the post-genomic era, one of the most important goals for the community of plant biologists is to take full advantage of the knowledge generated by the Arabidopsis thaliana genome project, and to employ state-of-the-art functional genomics techniques to assign function to each gene. This will be achieved through a complete understanding of what all cellular components do, and how they interact with one another to produce a phenotype. Among the proteins encoded by the Arabidopsis genome are 24 related carboxyl methyltransferases that belong to the SABATH family. Several of the SABATH methyltransferases convert plant hormones, like jasmonic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, salicylic acid, gibberellins, and other plant constituents into methyl esters, thereby regulating the biological activity of these molecules and, consequently, myriad important physiological processes. Our research aims to decipher the function of proteins belonging to the SABATH family by applying a combination of genomics tools, including genome-wide expression analysis and gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling. Our results, combined with available biochemical information, provide a better understanding of the physiological role of SABATH methyltransferases, further insights into secondary plant metabolism and deeper knowledge of the consequences of modulating the expression of SABATH methyltransferases, both at the genome-wide expression and metabolite levels. To my mother and father, to my brother
Structures of Arabidopsis thaliana oxygen-sensing plant cysteine oxidases 4 and 5 enable targeted manipulation of their activity

Significance The plant cysteine oxidases (PCOs) have been identified as oxygen-sensing enzymes in plants, controlling hypoxia-dependent processes, including adaptive responses to flooding. As such, they are potential targets for engineering plants with enhanced flood tolerance. To approach this in a rational manner requires an understanding of how PCO structure relates to their ability to trigger hypoxic adaptation. We report the structures of two PCOs from Arabidopsis and show that the effects of mutagenesis of key amino acids at their active site are seen both in vitro and, importantly, in planta. This work provides a platform for further efforts to manipulate PCO structure and function to improve the ability of crops to withstand future climate extremes. In higher plants, molecular responses to exogenous hypoxia are driven by group VII ethylene response factors (ERF-VIIs). These transcriptional regulators accumulate in the nucleus under hypoxia to activate anaerobic genes but are destabilized in normoxic conditions through the action of oxygen-sensing plant cysteine oxidases (PCOs). The PCOs catalyze the reaction of oxygen with the conserved N-terminal cysteine of ERF-VIIs to form cysteine sulfinic acid, triggering degradation via the Cys/Arg branch of the N-degron pathway. The PCOs are therefore a vital component of the plant oxygen signaling system, connecting environmental stimulus with cellular and physiological response. Rational manipulation of PCO activity could regulate ERF-VII levels and improve flood tolerance, but requires detailed structural information. We report crystal structures of the constitutively expressed PCO4 and PCO5 from Arabidopsis thaliana to 1.24 and 1.91 Å resolution, respectively. The structures reveal that the PCOs comprise a cupin-like scaffold, which supports a central metal cofactor coordinated by three histidines. While this overall structure is consistent with other thiol dioxygenases, closer inspection of the active site indicates that other catalytic features are not conserved, suggesting that the PCOs may use divergent mechanisms to oxidize their substrates. Conservative substitution of two active site residues had dramatic effects on PCO4 function both in vitro and in vivo, through yeast and plant complementation assays. Collectively, our data identify key structural elements that are required for PCO activity and provide a platform for engineering crops with improved hypoxia tolerance.
Factors associated with implant survival following total hip replacement surgery: A registry study of data from the National Joint Registry of England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man

Background Nearly 100,000 people underwent total hip replacement (THR) in the United Kingdom in 2018, and most can expect it to last at least 25 years. However, some THRs fail and require revision surgery, which results in worse outcomes for the patient and is costly to the health service. Variation in the survival of THR implants has been observed between units and reducing this unwarranted variation is one focus of the “Getting it Right First Time” (GIRFT) program in the UK. We aimed to investigate whether the statistically improved implant survival of THRs in a high-performing unit is associated with the implants used or other factors at that unit, such as surgical skill. Methods and findings We analyzed a national, mandatory, prospective, cohort study (National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man [NJR]) of all THRs performed in England and Wales. We included the 664,761 patients with records in the NJR who have received a stemmed primary THR between 1 April 2003 and 31 December 2017 in one of 461 hospitals, with osteoarthritis as the only indication. The exposure was the unit (hospital) in which the THR was implanted. We compared survival of THRs implanted in the “exemplar” unit with THRs implanted anywhere else in the registry. The outcome was revision surgery of any part of the THR construct for any reason. Net failure was calculated using Kaplan–Meier estimates, and adjusted analyses employed flexible parametric survival analysis. The mean age of patients contributing to our analyses was 69.9 years (SD 10.1), and 61.1% were female. Crude analyses including all THRs demonstrated better implant survival at the exemplar unit with an all-cause construct failure of 1.7% (95% CI 1.3–2.3) compared with 2.9% (95% CI 2.8–3.0) in the rest of the country after 13.9 years (log-rank test P < 0.001). The same was seen in analyses adjusted for age, sex, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score (difference in restricted mean survival time 0.12 years [95% CI 0.07–0.16; P < 0.001]). Adjusted analyses restricted to the same implants as the exemplar unit show no demonstrable difference in restricted mean survival time between groups after 13.9 years (P = 0.34). A limitation is that this study is observational and conclusions regarding causality cannot be inferred. Our outcome is revision surgery, and although important, we recognize it is not the only marker of success of a THR. Conclusions Our results suggest that the “better than expected” implant survival results of this exemplar center are associated with implant choice. The survival results may be replicated by adopting key treatment decisions, such as implant selection. These decisions are easier to replicate than technical skills or system factors.
Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Reveals the lncRNA–mRNA Regulatory Network in Response to Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Infection

The plant genome can produce long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), some of which have been identified as important regulators of gene expression. To better understand the response mechanism of rice plants to Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) infection, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis between the RBSDV-infected and non-infected rice plants. A total of 1342 mRNAs and 22 lncRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed after RBSDV infection. Most differentially expressed transcripts involved in the plant–pathogen interaction pathway were upregulated after RBSDV infection, indicating the activation of rice defense response by RBSDV. A network of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) was then constructed. In this network, there are 56 plant–pathogen interaction-related DEmRNAs co-expressing with 20 DElncRNAs, suggesting these DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs may play essential roles in rice innate immunity against RBSDV. Moreover, some of the lncRNA–mRNA regulatory relationships were experimentally verified in rice calli by a quick and effective method established in this study. Three DElncRNAs were selected to be tested, and the results indicated that five mRNAs were found to be regulated by them. Together, we give a whole landscape of rice mRNAs and lncRNAs in response to RBSDV infection, and a feasible method to rapidly verify the lncRNA–mRNA regulatory relationship in rice.
30 years of parasitology research analysed by text mining

Abstract Bibliometric methods were used to analyse the major research trends, themes and topics over the last 30 years in the parasitology discipline. The tools used were SciMAT, VOSviewer and SWIFT-Review in conjunction with the parasitology literature contained in the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Dimensions databases. The analyses show that the major research themes are dynamic and continually changing with time, although some themes identified based on keywords such as malaria, nematode, epidemiology and phylogeny are consistently referenced over time. We note the major impact of countries like Brazil has had on the literature of parasitology research. The increase in recent times of research productivity on ‘antiparasitics’ is discussed, as well as the change in emphasis on different antiparasitic drugs and insecticides over time. In summary, innovation in parasitology is global, extensive, multidisciplinary, constantly evolving and closely aligned with the availability of technology.
Mining the Alkhumra Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Genomes in 2015

Abstract. Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus was first isolated at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in the early 1990s, and identified as a member of the Flaviviridae family. The virus has been confirmed only in the sand tampan tick, Ornithodoros savignyi (Audouin), and camel tick, Hyalomma dromedarii Koch. Symptoms of infection include headache, joint and muscle pain, vomiting, and thrombocytopenia, leading to hemorrhagic fever, which can cause death. The purpose of this article was to make a genomic-mined Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus from the genomic sequences previously reported in GenBank of NCBI. Genomes were divided into peptides, and different evolutionary parameters were derived using bioinformatics tools. The individual behavior of each of the peptides encoded in the genome of Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus is specific; the rate of change indicates different kinds of evolutionary pressure. Complete genome and NS3 protein are under positive selection (dN > dS, p < 0.05), while purifying selection is the main force that drives the evolution of envelope and NS5 proteins (dN < dS, p < 0.05). The spread of viruses such as Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus can be catastrophic if they affect the global population without antibodies. Genomic mining of Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus provides a powerful tool to design new strategies focused on variable regions of the genome in case of spread.