Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Multidisciplinary Optimization Search Strategy for Automotive Passive Safety Optimization

Vehicle passive safety optimization design (APSOD) is a nonlinear, multi-dimensional and multi-constraint optimization problem. Simulation model based optimization (SMO) and approximation model based optimization (AMO) are two classical optimization methods for APSOD. However, the randomness of SMO limits its use in APSOD, which will generate a lot of near-duplicate or imperfect design points. On the other hand, AMO has relatively low accuracy due to the influence of the disturbed data in the training dataset. In order to obtain a better solution for complex design optimization problem within limited computing source, this study presents a new multidisciplinary optimization search strategy based on clustering analysis and approximation model for APSOD. Firstly, the heuristic optimization strategy in SMO with clustering analysis is employed, in which the near-duplicate or imperfect design points generated in the heuristic optimization process are identified and deleted. Then in last iteration, an approximation model is constructed using the remaining design points to perform AMO. One mathematical example and one real-world engineering problem are used to verify the proposed.
Positioning the six‐month review in the recovery process post‐stroke: The ideology of personal responsibility

Stroke is the UK's fourth highest cause of death and an estimated 300,000 people in England are living with related disability. This paper explores the six-month review (6MR), a policy initiative that aimed to ameliorate unmet need. A multiple case study approach underpinned by critical realism was used to elicit the views of patients, carers, providers and commissioners across three sites using interviews, observations and documentation. Forty-six patients (age range 28-91 years), 30 carers and 28 professionals were interviewed between December 2015 and October 2016. Twenty-nine reviews were observed. Data was analysed thematically across sites. 6MRs carried out by stroke nurse specialists (SNSs) were found to be more medically orientated than those completed by a Stroke Association (SA) co-ordinator who focused on social issues. Reviewers regarded reviews primarily as an opportunity to address unmet need and signpost to further services. Patients responded in three different ways: proactive and engaged, reflected an active orientation to recovery and self-management; proactive and self-managing on their own terms, encompassed patients who were striving for independence but took their own approach sometimes at odds with that of clinicians; and passive orientation, whereby patients did not engage in rehabilitation or self-management. Patients identified different priorities to those of reviewers, particularly those with other long-term conditions and this appeared to contribute to the dissatisfaction that some expressed. In conclusion, there was little evidence that the 6MR played a key role in recovery. Locally defined outcomes for the 6MR reflecting national policy were not substantiated by the findings. Our findings suggest that the 6MR should review therapy goals and facilitate patient-led goals. Reviewers should be allowed the freedom to individualise the process rather than adhering to a rigid framework dictated by national policy and local protocols.
Solution for Large-Scale Hierarchical Object Detection Datasets with Incomplete Annotation and Data Imbalance

This report demonstrates our solution for the Open Images 2018 Challenge. Based on our detailed analysis on the Open Images Datasets (OID), it is found that there are four typical features: large-scale, hierarchical tag system, severe annotation incompleteness and data imbalance. Considering these characteristics, an amount of strategies are employed, including SNIPER, soft sampling, class-aware sampling (CAS), hierarchical non-maximum suppression (HNMS) and so on. In virtue of these effective strategies, and further using the powerful SENet154 armed with feature pyramid module and deformable ROIalign as the backbone, our best single model could achieve a mAP of 56.9%. After a further ensemble with 9 models, the final mAP is boosted to 62.2% in the public leaderboard (ranked the 2nd place) and 58.6% in the private leaderboard (ranked the 3rd place, slightly inferior to the 1st place by only 0.04 point).
Elastic Abdominal Binders Attenuate Orthostatic Hypotension in Parkinson's Disease

To investigate the possible efficacy of an elastic abdominal binder to control orthostatic hypotension (OH) associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), 15 patients with PD and OH were enrolled in a single‐blind crossover study with elastic abdominal versus placebo binder on two different days, separated by a 1‐day interval, followed by a 4‐week open‐label follow‐up.
Digest: Experimental evolution provides a window into the evolution of generalized pollination *

Do plants with multiple pollinators evolve unique trait combinations or intermediate phenotypes compared to plants with one pollinator? Using experimental evolution, Schiestl et al. (2018) found that plants pollinated by bumblebees and hoverflies evolved trait values not observed in plants pollinated by one taxon, which provides evidence for the existence of a unique generalized pollination phenotype.
Off‐ Versus On‐Pump Coronary Surgery and the Effect of Follow‐Up Length and Surgeons’ Experience: A Meta‐Analysis

Background The debate on the relative benefits of off‐pump and on‐pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCABG and ONCABG) is still open. We aimed to provide an updated and complete summary of the evidence on the differences between OPCABG and ONCABG and to explore whether the length of the follow‐up and the surgeons’ experience in OPCABG modify the comparative results. Methods and Results All randomized clinical trials comparing OPCABG and ONCABG were included. Primary outcome was follow‐up mortality. Secondary outcomes were operative mortality, perioperative stroke, perioperative myocardial infarction, and late repeated revascularization. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the length of the follow‐up and the percentage of crossover from the OPCABG group (used as a surrogate of surgeon experience with OPCABG). One hundred four trials were included (20 627 patients, OPCABG: 10 288; ONCABG: 10 339). Weighted mean follow‐up time was 3.7 years (range 1–7.5 years). OPCABG was associated with a higher risk of follow‐up mortality (incidence rate ratio 1.11, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.23, P=0.05). The difference was significant only for trials with mean follow‐up of ≥3 years and for studies with a crossover rate of ≥10%. There was a trend toward lower risk of perioperative stroke and higher need for late repeated revascularization in the OPCABG arm. Conclusions OPCABG is associated with a higher incidence of incomplete revascularization, an increased need for repeated revascularization, and decreased midterm survival compared with ONCABG. Surgeon inexperience in OPCABG is associated with late mortality.
A systematic review on the quantitative relationship between structural and functional network connectivity strength in mammalian brains

The mammalian brain is composed of densely connected and interacting regions, which form structural and functional networks. An improved understanding of the structure–function relation is crucial to understand the structural underpinnings of brain function and brain plasticity after injury. It is currently unclear how functional connectivity strength relates to structural connectivity strength. We obtained an overview of recent papers that report on correspondences between quantitative functional and structural connectivity measures in the mammalian brain. We included network studies in which functional connectivity was measured with resting-state fMRI, and structural connectivity with either diffusion-weighted MRI or neuronal tract tracers. Twenty-seven of the 28 included studies showed a positive structure–function relationship. Large inter-study variations were found comparing functional connectivity strength with either quantitative diffusion-based (correlation coefficient (r) ranges: 0.18–0.82) or neuronal tracer-based structural connectivity measures (r = 0.24–0.74). Two functional datasets demonstrated lower structure–function correlations with neuronal tracer-based (r = 0.22 and r = 0.30) than with diffusion-based measures (r = 0.49 and r = 0.65). The robust positive quantitative structure–function relationship supports the hypothesis that structural connectivity provides the hardware from which functional connectivity emerges. However, methodological differences between the included studies complicate the comparison across studies, which emphasize the need for validation and standardization in brain structure–function studies.
Concealing the identity of faces in oblique images with adaptive hopping Gaussian mixtures

Cameras mounted on Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are increasingly used for recreational photography. However, aerial photographs of public places often contain faces of bystanders thus leading to a perceived or actual violation of privacy. To address this issue, we propose to pseudo-randomly modify the appearance of face regions in the images using a privacy filter that prevents a human or a face recogniser from inferring the identities of people. The filter, which is applied only when the resolution is high enough for a face to be recognisable, adaptively distorts the face appearance as a function of its resolution. Moreover, the proposed filter locally changes its parameters to discourage attacks that use parameter estimation. The filter exploits both global adaptiveness to reduce distortion and local hopping of the parameters to make their estimation difficult for an attacker. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed approach, we use a state-of-the-art face recognition algorithm and synthetically generated face data with 3D geometric image transformations that mimic faces captured from an MAV at different heights and pitch angles. Experimental results show that the proposed filter protects privacy while reducing distortion and exhibits resilience against attacks.
MicroChain : Transparent Philanthropic Microlending

We utilize recent developments in cryptography to design and create a transparent philantrophic microlending platform. We aim for this system to be distributed, verifiable, and transparent, using blockchain technology to meet these specifications. We present our initial prototype, built on the Ethereum platform. In principle, it is usable by anyone with a computer and an Internet connection. We also perform a security analysis of our current system. Finally, we propose further design extensions to improve our application.
Performance management in health systems and services: Studies on its development and use at international, national/jurisdictional, and hospital levels

De economische en financiele crisis, en de stijgende uitgaven in de zorg hebben de belangstelling voor het prestatiemanagement in de zorg vergroot. Jeremy Veillard onderzocht hoe het sturen op prestatie kan worden toegepast in de zorg op zowel internationaal en nationaal niveau, als op het niveau van een ziekenhuis. Hij concludeert dat het sturen op prestaties nauw moet aansluiten op de manier waarop de zorg wordt gemanaged. Ook stelt hij dat er goede hulpmiddelen moeten komen waarmee managers en politici het sturen op prestatie kunnen gebruiken.
Surface Removal of Copper Thin Film under the Ultrathin Water Environment for Nanoscale Process

The surface planarity and asperity removal behaviors of atomic scale under the ultrathin water environment was studied for the nanoscale process by molecular dynamics simulation. The monolayer atomic removal was achieved under the noncontact and monoatomic layer contact conditions with different water film thickness, and the newly formed surface is relatively smooth and no deformed layer and plastic defects exist. The nanoscale processing is governed by the interatomic adhering action during which the water film transmits the loading forces to Cu surface and thereby result in the migration and removal of surface atoms. With scratching depth ≥ 0.5 nm, the abrasive particle squeezed out the water film from scratching region and scratched Cu surface directly, leading to the surface quality deterioration mainly governed by the plowing action. This study brings the goals of “0 nm planarity, 0 residual defects and 0 polishing pressure” closer to us in the nanoscale process for the development of ultra-precision manufacture technology.
Multiepoch VLBA Observations of T Tauri South

In this Letter, we present a series of seven observations of the compact, nonthermal radio source associated with T Tauri South made with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) over the course of 1 year. The emission is found to be composed of a compact structure most certainly originating from the magnetosphere of an underlying pre-main-sequence star and a low brightness extension that may result from reconnection flares at the star-disk interface. The accuracy of the absolute astrometry offered by the VLBA allows us to make very precise determinations of the trigonometric parallax and proper motion of T Tau South. The proper motion derived from our VLBA observations agrees with that measured with the Very Large Array over a similar period to better than 2 mas yr-1, and it is fully consistent with the infrared proper motion of T Tau Sb, the pre-main-sequence M star with which the radio source has traditionally been associated. The parallax, π = 7.07 ± 0.14 mas, corresponds to a distance of 141.5 pc.
Recent Innovations in Pharmaceutical Hot Melt Extrusion

The importance of hot melt extrusion (HME) technology in the pharmaceutical industry is evident in the wide range of drug products that are currently marketed (Table 1)1. HME is utilized to produce various drug delivery systems such as pellets, granules, tablets (immediate and modified release), oral fast dissolving systems, transdermal and transmucosal delivery systems, transungual delivery systems and implants [2]. The advantages of employing the technology have been discussed in numerous review papers2-4. In this review article, we discuss major innovations in pharmaceutical HME technology during the past five years focusing on new instrumentation and polymers, processes using HME, and process analytical technologies (PAT).
Retina Identification Based on Moment Invariant

This paper demonstrates the importance of topics in physics and mathematics courses such as matrix, eigenvectors, centroid, and moment of inertia in the pattern recognition applications. Teaching advance topics in physics and mathematics is not an easy task. Students always ask this question: What is the use? The best practice for teaching these topics is to combine them with a real industry application. For example, computer hard disk reading is based on the concept of derivatives and the change in the magnetic fields. To demonstrate this type of teaching, the use of three dimensional moments in the pattern recognition is explained. The three-dimensional moments may be used to detect different patterns in a digitally represented image. The combination of several moments for an object has an invariant property. The mathematical foundation of an invariant feature is related to the theory that images taken from different angles from the same object have the same set of moment invariants. Moments contain information of an image which can be used in calculating the location and orientation of an object. An algorithm for recognition of an individual identity based on a digitally represented image of the scanned retina is presented. The technology is based upon the fact that no two retinal patterns are alike. In this paper, the nine parameters of an ellipsoidal shape fitted into a retinal image such as coordinates of the center of the ellipsoid, the length of major, minor, intermediate axes, and the direction of three axes will be calculated. For each individual, these parameters are unique.
The Effect of Activating Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Mutations on Osteogenic Differentiation and Ectopic Bone Formation by Human Periosteal Derived Cells

Activating mutations in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3) have previously been shown to cause skeletal dysplasias through their effect on growth plate chondrocytes. However, the effect of FGFR3 mutations on bone progenitor cells may differ. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of specific activating FGFR3 mutations on ectopic in vivo bone formation by periosteal derived cells (PDCs) seeded on calcium phosphate/ collagen scaffolds. PDCs were isolated from hypochondroplasic (N540K mutation) and achondroplasic (G380R mutation) patients, along with age/sex matched controls. These cells were characterised in vitro for proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, FGFR3 signalling and in vivo bone formation. Subsequently, empirical modelling was used to find correlations between in vivo formed bone and in vitro cell behaviour. These data showed that in contrast to the G380R mutation, which produced no bone, the N540K mutation induced significant ectopic bone formation on specific carriers. This allowed correlation between percentage of induced bone formation to elevated in vitro proliferation and differentiation. Correlating osteogenic markers included Collagen type 1, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. Enhanced proliferation was attributed to increased phosphorylation of Erk-1/2.
The structural semiotics paradigm for marketing research: Theory, methodology, and case analysis

Abstract Brands are semiotic systems that create value in the marketplace by differentiating competitors in a category, forming emotional connections with consumers, and aligning the company’s symbolic equities with contemporary cultural trends. The author aims to expand the current state of semiotics for marketing beyond advertising research to the whole gamut of media and consumer touch points in contemporary marketing, from strategic communication to retail design and consumer behavior. The importance of this paper is not limited to marketing, but raises important issues about connections heretofore ignored between semiotics, business, and the production of value in the marketplace.
1 Assessing radiometric correction approaches for 2 multi-spectral UAS imagery for horticultural 3 applications 4

UAS-based multi-spectral imagery is becoming increasingly popular for the improved 15 monitoring and managing of various horticultural crops. However, for UAS data to be used as an 16 industry standard for assessing tree structure and condition as well as production parameters, it is 17 imperative that the appropriate data collection and pre-processing protocols are established to 18 enable multi-temporal comparison. There are several UAS-based radiometric correction methods 19 commonly used for precision agricultural purposes. However, their relative accuracies have not 20 been assessed for data acquired in complex horticultural environments. This study assessed the 21 variations in estimated surface reflectance values of different radiometric corrections applied to 22 multi-spectral UAS imagery acquired in both avocado and banana orchards. We found that 23 inaccurate calibration panel measurements, inaccurate signal-to-reflectance conversion, and high 24 variation in geometry between illumination, surface, and sensor viewing produced significant 25 radiometric variations in at-surface reflectance estimates. Potential solutions to address these 26 limitations included appropriate panel deployment, site-specific sensor calibration, and appropriate 27 BRDF correction. Future UAS based horticultural crop monitoring can benefit from the proposed 28 solutions to radiometric corrections to ensure they are using comparable image-based maps of 29 multi-temporal biophysical properties. 30
Inversion of the spherical means transform in corner-like domains by reduction to the classical Radon transform

We consider an inverse problem arising in thermo-/photo- acoustic tomography that amounts to reconstructing a function f from its circular or spherical means with the centers lying on a given measurement surface. (Equivalently, these means can be expressed through the solution u ( t , x ) ? > of the wave equation with the initial pressure equal to f. ) An explicit solution of this inverse problem is obtained in 3D for the surface that is the boundary of an open octet, and in 2D for the case when the centers of integration circles lie on two rays starting at the origin and intersecting at the angle equal to &pgr; / N ? > , N = 2 , 3 , 4 , … ? > . Our formulas reconstruct the Radon projections of a function closely related to f, from the values of u ( t , x ) ? > on the measurement surface. Then, function f can be found by inverting the Radon transform.
A NEW MODEL FOR THE RECOGNITION OF STRINGS OF SYMBOLS

In this paper the author proposes a new model for the recognition of strings of symbols, which is named Penalty Finite State Automaton (PFSA). The relations between PFSA and some of the models which have already been proposed, that is, finite state automaton (FSA), errorcorrecting parser for a finite state automaton (ECFSA), stochastic finite state automaton (SFSA), and fuzzy finite state automaton (FFSA) are discussed. Firstly, it is shown that our model PFSA is a generalization of ECFSA. Secondly, there is an interesting analogy among SFSA, PFSA and FFSA, and as a result, PFSA can be looked upon as an intermediate model between SFSA and FFSA. Therefore, we can expect that PFSA should be simpler than SFSA while it should be more powerful than FFSA, at least in some applications. Parsing algorithms and grammatical inference of PFSA are also investigated. An application to the recognition of strings of symbols extracted from chromosome data shows the possible effectiveness of this model, though its performance must be further studied. Research sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant ENG76-84522. +Qn leave from the Department of Information Science, Shizuoka University, Japan.
Literature Survey 2 . 1 Routing techniques networks : a survey

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) Due to the high density of nodes in these networks, event. Since energy conservation is a key issue case, redundant data can be aggregated at decreasing communication costs and energy called DRINA, that has some key aspects such overlapping routes, high aggregation rate, extensively compared to two other known solutions: built by DRINA provides the best aggregation proposed solution outperforms these solutions
Word Relations, Senses, and Disambiguation

In this chapter we introduce computation with a thesaurus: a structured list of words organized by meaning. The most popular thesaurus for computational purposes is WordNet, a large online resource with versions in many languages. One use of WordNet is to represent word senses, the many different meanings that a single lemma can have (Chapter 6) Thus the lemma bank can refer to a financial institution or to the sloping side of a river. WordNet also represents relations between senses, like the IS-A relation between dog and mammal or the part-whole relationship between car and engine. Finally, WordNet includes glosses, a definition for senses in glosses the form of a text string. We’ll see how to use each of these aspects of WordNet to address the task of computing word similarity; the similarity in meaning of two different words, an alternative to the embedding-based methods we introduced in Chapter 6. And we’ll introduce word sense disambiguation, the task of determining which sense of a word sense disambiguation word is being used in a particular context, a task with a long history in computational linguistics and applications from machine translation to question answering. We give a number of algorithms for using features from the context for deciding which sense was intended in a particular context.