Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensor-Based Prediction of Mental Effort during Learning from Physiological Data: A Longitudinal Case Study

Trackers for activity and physical fitness have become ubiquitous. Although recent work has demonstrated significant relationships between mental effort and physiological data such as skin temperature, heart rate, and electrodermal activity, we have yet to demonstrate their efficacy for the forecasting of mental effort such that a useful mental effort tracker can be developed. Given prior difficulty in extracting relationships between mental effort and physiological responses that are repeatable across individuals, we make the case that fusing self-report measures with physiological data within an internet or smartphone application may provide an effective method for training a useful mental effort tracking system. In this case study, we utilized over 90 h of data from a single participant over the course of a college semester. By fusing the participant’s self-reported mental effort in different activities over the course of the semester with concurrent physiological data collected with the Empatica E4 wearable sensor, we explored questions around how much data were needed to train such a device, and which types of machine-learning algorithms worked best. We concluded that although baseline models such as logistic regression and Markov models provided useful explanatory information on how the student’s physiology changed with mental effort, deep-learning algorithms were able to generate accurate predictions using the first 28 h of data for training. A system that combines long short-term memory and convolutional neural networks is recommended in order to generate smooth predictions while also being able to capture transitions in mental effort when they occur in the individual using the device.
A Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor (MIS) Device Using a Ferroelectric Polymer Thin Film in the Gate Insulator

A nonvolatile MIS memory device using a ferroelectric polymer thin film in the gate insulator is proposed. In the gate electrode of the device, a ferroelectric polymer thin film is sandwiched between two insulator films to prevent carrier injection into the polymer thin film. Al-SiO2-P (VDF/TrFE)-SiO2-Si capacitors were fabricated to evaluate the basic characteristics of the device by C-V measurement, and ferroelectric polarization reversal was observed in the capacitors. Based on the C-V measurements, MIS transistors were fabricated using a process which virtually self-aligns the effective gate area to the source/drain. It was shown that the MIS transistor could be electrically programmed and erased. The on/off ratio of the transistor was greater than 106.
The Socio-Demographic Factors and Unspeakable Impacts of Street Harassment towards Young Malaysian Women’s Mental Health

Recently, women have been subjected to sexual harassment and assault daily, which has left them in a quandary about whether or not they should tell trusted individuals about it. Unfortunately, most common forms of sexual harassment, such as street harassment, are disregarded and considered a biological fact of life that women must endure. Therefore, a quantitative survey involving 385 women has been conducted to explore the sociodemographic factors towards the impacts of street harassment on young Malaysian women's mental health. The analysis highlighted that the majority of the young women had experienced street harassment such as catcalling, wolf-whistling or sexual comments. In addition, socio-demographic factors such as age group and race group have different impacts on young Malaysian women's mental health caused by street harassment. In conclusion, by analyzing the socio-demographic factors, the government and organizations will benefit from effective action to prevent street harassment among young Malaysians.
Toward truly accessible MOOCs for persons with cognitive impairments: a field study

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) is an essential framework provided to the signatory States for improving their social inclusion, particularly with regard to the promotion of equal access to education (UN, 2007). It promotes their full participation in education systems, enabling them to define their professional project and, ultimately, to make their own choices in all areas of their lives (Ryan & Deci, 2000). It is well recognized that education is a decisive factor in shaping life-course and employability. Yet across the world, PWDs experience significantly lower employment rates than persons without disabilities, and when they are employed, have fewer opportunities to grow and develop their careers within a company or to evolve professionally in the job market (Hästbacka et al., 2016). One of the reasons given by both PWDs and employers is that they still face barriers to access education, and therefore have fewer professional qualifications than the general population (WHO, 2011). These difficulties are even more significant for individuals with mental health difficulties or cognitive impairments (e.g., memory disorders, attention disorders) who experience the lowest employment rates (Thornicroft et al., 2010) and are most often employed in a segregated environment (Verdonschot et al., 2009). The overall objective of our work is to further increase the access to education for PWDs, notably those with cognitive impairments (regardless of medical conditions), through new e-learning systems, to contribute to their professional and social inclusion. We focused primarily on MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) platforms, which are playing an increasingly important role in the academic and lifelong vocational training programs offered to the general population, and which are still growing strongly (Shah, 2019). Moreover, they are sufficiently flexible and adaptable to potentially ensure that content can be made accessible to as many learners as possible and that pedagogical approaches adapted to people with cognitive impairments can be used to support their learning.
Frequency, composition and mobility of Escherichia coli‐derived transposable elements in holdings of plasmid repositories

By providing the scientific community with uniform and standardized resources of consistent quality, plasmid repositories play an important role in enabling scientific reproducibility. Plasmids containing insertion sequence elements (IS elements) represent a challenge from this perspective, as they can change the plasmid structure and function. In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of a subset of plasmid stocks distributed by plasmid repositories (The Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center and Addgene) which carry unintended integrations of bacterial mobile genetic elements. The integration of insertion sequences was most often found in, but not limited to, pBR322‐derived vectors, and did not affect the function of the specific plasmids. In certain cases, the entire stock was affected, but the majority of the stocks tested contained a mixture of the wild‐type and the mutated plasmids, suggesting that the acquisition of IS elements likely occurred after the plasmids were acquired by the repositories. However, comparison of the sequencing results of the original samples revealed that some plasmids already carried insertion mutations at the time of donation. While an extensive BLAST analysis of 47 877 plasmids sequenced from the Addgene repository uncovered IS elements in only 1.12%, suggesting that IS contamination is not widespread, further tests showed that plasmid integration of IS elements can propagate in conventional Escherichia coli hosts over a few tens of generations. Use of IS‐free E. coli hosts prevented the emergence of IS insertions as well as that of small indels, suggesting that the use of IS‐free hosts by donors and repositories could help limit unexpected and unwanted IS integrations into plasmids.
Application of Subset Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model for Short-Term Freeway Traffic Volume Forecasting

Traffic volume is one of the fundamental types of data that have been used for the traffic control and planning process. Forecasting needs and efforts for various applications will be increased with the deployment of advanced traffic management systems. With the importance of the short-term traffic forecasting task, numerous techniques have been utilized to improve its accuracy. The use of the subset autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for short-term traffic volume forecasting is investigated. A typical time-series modeling procedure was employed for this study. Model identification was carried out with Akaike’s information criterion. The conditional maximum likelihood method was used for the parameter estimation process. Two white noise tests were applied for model verification. From the analysis results, four time-series models in different categories were identified and used for the one-step-ahead forecasting task. The performance of each model was evaluated using two statistical error estimates. Results showed that all time-series models performed well with reasonable accuracy. However, it was observed that the subset ARIMA model gave more stable and accurate results than other time-series models, especially a full ARIMA model. It is believed that the use of a subset ARIMA model could increase the accuracy of the short-term forecasting task within time-series models.
Stress Level Detection and Evaluation from Phonation and PPG Signals Recorded in an Open-Air MRI Device

This paper deals with two modalities for stress detection and evaluation—vowel phonation speech signal and photo-plethysmography (PPG) signal. The main measurement is carried out in four phases representing different stress conditions for the tested person. The first and last phases are realized in laboratory conditions. The PPG and phonation signals are recorded inside the magnetic resonance imaging scanner working with a weak magnetic field up to 0.2 T in a silent state and/or with a running scan sequence during the middle two phases. From the recorded phonation signal, different speech features are determined for statistical analysis and evaluation by the Gaussian mixture models (GMM) classifier. A database of affective sounds and two databases of emotional speech were used for GMM creation and training. The second part of the developed method gives comparison of results obtained from the statistical description of the sensed PPG wave together with the determined heart rate and Oliva–Roztocil index values. The fusion of results obtained from both modalities gives the final stress level. The performed experiments confirm our working assumption that a fusion of both types of analysis is usable for this task—the final stress level values give better results than the speech or PPG signals alone.
A wireless camera supervision robot (CSR-BOT) for the cylindrical pipes and cables surfaces observation

Nowadays, the use of robots as an observer has been used for a variety of sectors. However, the use of robots to monitor the condition of high voltage cable is not yet widespread. As a result, the project aims to design and create a robot for monitoring a cable condition. In addition, the project will aid the use of manpower as cable condition monitor. There are various disadvantages of using manpower such as not monitoring the situation accurately and they may face with electromagnetic radiation which can minimize their health risk for a long term. This project is to develop a semi-automatic mobile robot that can move along through the overhead transmission line cable or any cylindrical pipes surfaces. The problem can be improved by using the Camera Supervision Robot (CSR-BOT), which can observe the cable from three different angles. This is because the CSR-BOT body is equipped with three webcam cameras. This is to ensure the handler could inspect the cable condition accurately. The live preview from the webcam camera during the inspection can be viewed, captured (image) and recorded (video) directly from laptop by using a simple Graphical User Interface (GUI) called “GUI-Interface for CSR-BOT” program. This program is able to record video in high quality AVI format while the images captured will be stored in the PNG file extension. Monitoring system of the robot is able to see the condition of the cables if there are any scratches, dust and rust. If there is any problem at the cable, it may affect performance of the electrical current flow through the conductors. CSR-BOT is also capable of withstanding the vibration resistance when tested horizontally or vertically. Based on the data taken, cable maintenance can be easily done because the distance of the damage cable can precisely know by the technician. In addition, the CSR-BOT can be used on cable size from 1cm to 2.5cm and can monitor the condition of the cables from three different angles of 0 ° -120 °, 120 ° -240 ° and 240 ° -360 °.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS SOCIETY-30th ANNUAL MEETING-I986 An Evaluation of Critical Incidents for Software Documentation Design

A technique to determine end-users' perception of the documentation of a system can help documenters understand users' needs. Documenters can reflect this understanding in their documentation design, thereby increasing communication between dcsigners and users. This study investigates the use of critical incidents as a mechanism to collect end-user reactions to software documentation, the presentation of this information to systems designers, and the effectiveness of critical incidents as a tool in an iterative process of online and hardcopy documentation design. The principle purpose of this study was the development and validation of critical incidcnts as an eKectivc tool for the incorporation of end-user feedback into the simultaneous design and evaluation of both online and hardcopy documentation.
Underpinning Rural Bumiputera Mompreneurs' Work-Life Balance Framework Towards Sustainable Entrepreneurship

This paper aims to underpin the Bumiputera women entrepreneurs' (BWEs) sustainable worklife balance framework based on business-family relationships. Aiming to propel holistic success among BWEs in rural society, the study focuses on marital and parenthood balances. The Conversion of Resource Theory (COR) has been adopted to identify the factors contributing to the level of women’s entrepreneurship activities in the context of family relationships from the past empirical studies. This study provides a basis for the starting point in filling the existing gap by discovering BWEs and their families' views on factors that can cause work-life imbalances within a business family relationship. The study's baseline should be directed towards meeting the inclusive socio-economics agenda for an equitable share of the economic resources of disadvantaged minority women and families. The life balances and support needed to be addressed by policymakers so that the economic potential of this group can be fully utilised especially when entrepreneurship is considered a reliable economic weapon to combat poverty for the rural society.
Three-dimensional Determination of Dental Occlusion and Facial Structures using Soft Tissue Cephalometric Analysis

A high accuracy 3D structured-light scanning system and method for integration of 3D digital dental cast models and human face model is proposed. The original two cameras and DLP projector system for surface 3D reconstruction is designed. The techniques for alignment of 3D human face model with the 3D dental cast models according their location and orientation in a mouth is presented. This technique allows evaluation of morphological parameters used for treatment planning and gives to a dentist new effective and convenient means for teeth occlusion study and documenting. This system is useful objective tool for medical tasks solution and further investigations are required in order to confirm effectiveness in orthodontic patients care. Ill. 5, bibl. 8 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian). DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eee. 121.5. 1658
Machine Learning Models for Predicting, Understanding, and Influencing Health Perception

Lay perceptions of medical conditions and treatments determine people’s health behaviors, guide biomedical research funding, and have important consequences for both individual and societal well-being. Yet it has been nearly impossible to quantitatively predict lay health perceptions for hundreds of everyday diseases due to the myriad psychological forces governing health-related attitudes and beliefs. Here we present a data-driven approach that uses text explanations on healthcare websites, combined with large-scale survey data, to train a machine learning model capable of predicting lay health perception. We use our model to analyze how language influences health perceptions, interpret the psychological underpinnings of health judgment, and quantify differences between different descriptions of disease states. Our model is accurate, cost-effective, and scalable and offers researchers and practitioners a new tool for studying health-related attitudes and beliefs.
Performance-based assessment of permanent displacement of soil slopes using two-dimensional dynamic analysis

ABSTRACT In this paper, a performance-based method is suggested to assess the permanent displacement of a slope using two-dimensional dynamic analysis considering both uncertainties in ground motions and basic soil parameters. In the suggested method, the statistics of the permanent displacement is first analyzed at different peak ground acceleration levels through uncertainty propagation analysis, and regression analysis is then used to derive the fragility curve. A seven-step procedure is suggested to implement the suggested method, and a numerical example is used to illustrate the suggested method. For the slope examined in this paper, the performance-based assessment based on one-dimensional model underestimates the mean of the permanent displacement, and the performance-based assessment based on the empirical model overestimates the uncertainty in the permanent displacement. The uncertainty in soil properties can contribute up to 40% to the uncertainty in the permanent displacement at low peak ground acceleration level.
Definition of competence standards for optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement

Abstract Background The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) has developed a core curriculum for high quality optical diagnosis training for practice across Europe. The development of easy-to-measure competence standards for optical diagnosis can optimize clinical decision-making in endoscopy. This manuscript represents an official Position Statement of the ESGE aiming to define simple, safe, and easy-to-measure competence standards for endoscopists and artificial intelligence systems performing optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps (1 – 5 mm). Methods A panel of European experts in optical diagnosis participated in a modified Delphi process to reach consensus on Simple Optical Diagnosis Accuracy (SODA) competence standards for implementation of the optical diagnosis strategy for diminutive colorectal polyps. In order to assess the clinical benefits and harms of implementing optical diagnosis with different competence standards, a systematic literature search was performed. This was complemented with the results from a recently performed simulation study that provides guidance for setting alternative competence standards for optical diagnosis. Proposed competence standards were based on literature search and simulation study results. Competence standards were accepted if at least 80 % agreement was reached after a maximum of three voting rounds. Recommendation 1 In order to implement the leave-in-situ strategy for diminutive colorectal lesions (1–5 mm), it is clinically acceptable if, during real-time colonoscopy, at least 90 % sensitivity and 80 % specificity is achieved for high confidence endoscopic characterization of colorectal neoplasia of 1–5 mm in the rectosigmoid. Histopathology is used as the gold standard. Level of agreement 95 %. Recommendation 2 In order to implement the resect-and-discard strategy for diminutive colorectal lesions (1–5 mm), it is clinically acceptable if, during real-time colonoscopy, at least 80 % sensitivity and 80 % specificity is achieved for high confidence endoscopic characterization of colorectal neoplasia of 1–5 mm. Histopathology is used as the gold standard. Level of agreement 100 %. Conclusion The developed SODA competence standards define diagnostic performance thresholds in relation to clinical consequences, for training and for use when auditing the optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps.
Differential expression analyses reveal extensive transcriptional plasticity induced by temperature in New Zealand silver trevally (Pseudocaranx georgianus)

Ectotherm species, such as marine fishes, depend on environmental temperature to regulate their vital functions. In finfish aquaculture production, being able to predict physiological responses in growth and other economic traits to temperature is crucial to address challenges inherent in the selection of grow‐out locations. This will become an even more significant issue under the various predicted future climate change scenarios. In this study, we used the marine teleost silver trevally (Pseudocaranx georgianus), a species currently being explored as a candidate for aquaculture in New Zealand, as a model to study plasticity in gene expression patterns and growth in response to different temperatures. Using a captive study population, temperature conditions were experimentally manipulated for 1 month to mimic seasonal extremes. Phenotypic differences in growth were measured in 400 individuals, and gene expression patterns of pituitary gland and liver were determined in a subset of 100 individuals. Results showed that growth increased 50% in the warmer compared with the colder condition, suggesting that temperature has a large impact on metabolic activities associated with growth. A total of 265,116,678 single‐end RNA sequence reads were aligned to the trevally genome, and 28,416 transcript models were developed (27,887 of these had GenBank accessions, and 17,980 unique gene symbols). Further filtering reduced this set to 8597 gene models. 39 and 238 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the pituitary gland and the liver, respectively (|log2FC| > 0.26, p‐value < 0.05). Of these, 6 DEGs showed a common expression pattern between both tissues, all involved in housekeeping functions. Temperature‐modulated growth responses were linked to major pathways affecting metabolism, cell regulation and signalling, previously shown to be important for temperature tolerance in other fish species. An interesting finding of this study was that genes linked to the reproductive system were up‐regulated in both tissues in the high treatment, indicating the onset of sexual maturation. Few studies have investigated the thermal plasticity of the gene expression in the main organs of the somatotropic axis simultaneously. Our findings indicate that trevally exhibit substantial growth differences and predictable plastic regulatory responses to different temperature conditions. We identified a set of genes that provide a list of candidates for further investigations for selective breeding objectives and how populations may adapt to increasing temperatures.