Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Use of High-Rise Topographic Features for Optimal Aerial Base Station Placement

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles as aerial base stations (ABSs) can significantly enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless systems. In this paper, the problem of optimal ABS placement is studied while exploiting high-rise topographic features to maximize wireless coverage. In contrast to prior art that relies on simplified full line-of-sight (LoS) channel models or impractical probabilistic LoS channel models, this paper presents a novel feature-aware channel model that decisively discerns whether an air-to-ground (A2G) link is in LoS or non-LoS (NLoS) based on the topographical environment data for the target area. To resolve the challenges created by the dependence between the channel gain and the topographical environment in this feature-aware channel model, the LoS and NLoS zones in the target area are analyzed from a geometrical point of view. Then, based on the analysis results, the coverage area is derived in a tractable form and then used to develop a feature-aware ABS placement algorithm, called ABS-FA, based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). The effectiveness of the proposed approach is compared with two other baseline algorithms based on the full LoS and probabilistic LoS channel models, called ABS-LoS and ABS-Prob, respectively. Simulation results show that, depending on the topographical environment, ABS-LoS may outperform ABS-Prob, or vice versa, and even both may be very limited in some cases, because the full LoS and probabilistic LoS channel models cannot properly capture whether an A2G link is in LoS or NLoS. The results also show that the proposed ABS-FA scheme always outperforms these baseline algorithms and that, for instance, it can provide approximately 25% and 50% higher coverage performance compared to ABS-Prob and ABS-LoS, respectively. These results verify that considering a feature-aware channel model can be a very effective approach for determining the ABS location.
Therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer targeting immune cells: Future directions

Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignancy with a high incidence and mortality, and the emergence of immunotherapy has brought survival benefits to GC patients. Compared with traditional therapy, immunotherapy has the advantages of durable response, long-term survival benefits, and lower toxicity. Therefore, targeted immune cells are the most promising therapeutic strategy in the field of oncology. In this review, we introduce the role and significance of each immune cell in the tumor microenvironment of GC and summarize the current landscape of immunotherapy in GC, which includes immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy (ACT), dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, reduction of M2 tumor-associated macrophages (M2 TAMs), N2 tumor-associated neutrophils (N2 TANs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), effector regulatory T cells (eTregs), and regulatory B cells (Bregs) in the tumor microenvironment and reprogram TAMs and TANs into tumor killer cells. The most widely used immunotherapy strategies are the immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) antibody, cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibody, and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) in ACT, and these therapeutic strategies have significant anti-tumor efficacy in solid tumors and hematological tumors. Targeting other immune cells provides a new direction for the immunotherapy of GC despite the relatively weak clinical data, which have been confirmed to restore or enhance anti-tumor immune function in preclinical studies and some treatment strategies have entered the clinical trial stage, and it is expected that more and more effective immune cell–based therapeutic methods will be developed and applied.
The youngest and most active radio galaxies in the local universe: AT20G sources in the 6dF Galaxy Survey

We study a sample of 202 radio sources from the Australia Telescope 20 GHz (AT20G) survey which are identified with nearby galaxies from the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS). Our sample includes many of the youngest and most active radio galaxies in the local universe, and around 65% of the sample are candidate Compact Steep-Spectrum (CSS) and Gigahertz-Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio sources. The AT20G-6dFGS galaxies have a median redshift of z=0.058 and span a wide range in radio luminosity. The local radio luminosity function (RLF) of galaxies at 20 GHz roughly matches the local 1.4 GHz RLF for radio-loud active galaxies if we make a simple shift in radio spectral index. While most of the AT20G-6dFGS galaxies are massive ellipticals, at least 30% of the radio sources in our sample are hosted by galaxies with WISE infrared colours characteristic of spiral galaxies with ongoing star formation. We see a strong dichotomy in the WISE colours of the host galaxies of FR-1 and FR-2 radio sources in our sample, with the FR-1 systems found almost exclusively in `WISE early-type' galaxies with [4.6]-[12] 2.0 mag. This strongly suggests that some factor related to the host-galaxy morphology or large-scale environment helps to determine whether a young radio source evolves into an extended FR-1 radio galaxy or an FR-2 system. The host galaxies of flat- and steep-spectrum sources in our sample have a similar distribution in both galaxy stellar mass and WISE colours (though galaxies with flat-spectrum radio sources are more likely to show weak emission lines in their optical spectra). This is consistent with a picture in which these flat-spectrum and steep-spectrum radio sources represent different stages in radio-galaxy evolution, rather than beamed and unbeamed radio-source populations.
A clinical study to observe the efficacy and safety of Besunyen Detox Tea for constipation

Introduction: Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease and is one of the most common outpatient diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the traditional Chinese medicine Besunyen Detox Tea (BDT) for FC and to compare the effect of BDT between constipation patients with and non-dryness-heat syndrome. Methods and analysis: This multicenter, prospective, observational registry study included 1000 participants diagnosed with FC. This study will collaborate with 3 comprehensive hospitals and 15 community hospitals and recruit patients into the registry between July 2022 and July 2023. After enrollment, we will collect the individual characteristics of each patient, anthropometric data and general condition, bowel movement, patient assessment of constipation symptoms, patient assessment of constipation quality of life, TCM syndrome scale, and time to take the laxative product again after treatment. We will also record adverse events and economic indicators at each visit. Discussion: This is the first registry-based study to collect real-world data of participants diagnosed with FC receiving BDT treatment. The results of this registry may also reflect these characteristics and provide direct clinical evidence to verify the importance of syndrome differentiation and treatment for the use of TCM health care products.
Electron excitation of the 1s22s22p5 2Po3/2-2Po1/2 transition and analysis of the 1s22s2p6 nl resonances for Ne II and Mg IV

The author has calculated collision strengths for electron excitation of the 1s22s22p5 2Po3/2-2Po1/2 transition in Ne II and Mg IV using the R-matrix method. The author has included the 1s22s22p5 2Po and 1s22s2p6 2Se states, which were represented by sophisticated configuration interaction wavefunctions. Reactance matrices were obtained in LS coupling and transformed using JAJOM to give the fine-structure collision strengths. These have been averaged over a Maxwellian electron velocity distribution to give the effective collision strengths, which we have fitted as analytic functions of temperature between 0 and 40000 K. To estimate the accuracy of the results the author has calculated the positions and widths for the lower members of the 1s22s2p6ns and 1s22s2p6np resonance series. The results are in good agreement with experiment and with previous theory for both Ne II and Mg IV.
Visual Pattern Analyzers

PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Neurophysiology and Psychophysics 2. Some Mathematics PART II: ADAPTION 3. Models of Selective Effects PART III: SUMMATION 4. Models for Far-Apart Values 5. Far-Apart Values on Spatial Dimensions 6. Close Values on Spatial Dimensions PART IV: UNCERTAINTY 7. Extrinsic Uncertainty and Summation Revisited 8. Intrinsic Uncertainty and Transducer Functions PART V: IDENTIFICATION 9. Discrimination 10. Three More Paradigms and Transducer Functions PART VI: MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS 11. Some General Considerations 12. Results of Analyzer-Revealing Experiments 13. Results of Parametric Experiments PART VII: EPILOGUE 14. The Assumptions Revisited
Health IT use outcomes in small physician practices

ABSTRACT Even though Small Physician Practices (SPP) make up 60% of healthcare providers, there have been very few studies on Health Information Technology (HIT) and its impact within SPP. The goal of this study is to answer the following question: How does HIT quality and HIT use influence organizational outcomes of small physician practices? To answer this question, we use a modified IS success model as our framework and analyzed data from multiple case studies. To be more thorough, we include outcomes such as Quality of Care, Operational Outcomes, Financial, and Internal Work Flow. This study found that communication and collaboration with the system has an impact on these outcomes.
Marketization of Eldercare in Urban China: Processes, Effects, and Implications

China is one of the most rapidly aging societies worldwide. As eldercare services have only been developed over the last two decades, the party-state has increased its efforts by promoting the marketization of eldercare services. Drawing on Vaittinen, Hoppania, and Karsio’s “political economy of care” framework, this study conducts a comparative analysis of marketization processes in Hangzhou and Nanjing to examine local government marketization strategies, their effects on service development, and their socioeconomic implications. I argue that local governments have pursued a “dual-track marketization” strategy. On the one hand, the means-tested public eldercare service infrastructure, which has existed since the Mao Zedong era, has been made subject to the kinds of neoliberal market reforms also found in, for example, European countries, while on the other hand, an entirely new private eldercare service infrastructure is being set up. As the market logic takes over, however, income- and gender-based social inequalities are enhanced.
Final Report on the DOE OFES FY2007 Theory Milestone: The linear stability properties of medium- to high- n TAEs in ITER

We report on the successful completion of the DOE OFES Theory Milestone for FY2007: Improve the simulation resolution of linear stability properties of Toroidal Alfven Eigenmodes driven by energetic particles and neutral beams in ITER by increasing the numbers of toroidal modes used to 15. In the course of the milestone, equilibria representing the evolution of thirteen distinct plasma conditions were developed and analysed for the TAE stability. The Tokamak Startup Code, (TSC), and the plasma transport simulation code, TRANSP, were used to develop three ducial equilibria for the three main ITER scenarios: the elmy H-mode, hybrid and advanced (AT or reversed shear) plasma regimes. The simulations addressed the evolution from start-up to steady-state, for a period of thousand seconds. TSC was used to simulate the startup and control of the plasma boundary, and TRANSP was used to obtain accurate particle distribution functions for the slowing down negative neutral beam injected, (NNBI), ions as well as the thermonuclear alpha-particles. In addition to the three ducial ITER scenarios, ten additional plasmas, with varying NNBI injection angle and current drive schemes, were developed for the elmy H-mode, hybrid and AT scenarios. This enables an evaluation of the potential of controlling the excitation of fast ion driven TAE (Toroidicity - induced Alfv en Eigenmode) instabilities by varying the injection angle. The stability of Alfv en Eigenmodes with frequencies up to TAE and EAE gaps was simulated numerically with n ranging from 1 to 20. Hybrid MHD/kinetic code NOVA-K was applied. In Hmode and hybrid plasmas the NBI injection angle was varied in order to investigate the possibility of TAE stability control. In both scenarios we found the expected medium to high-n range of TAEs unstable when the NBI was aimed slightly o axis, 10 20cm vertically away from the midplane. On-axis heating was marginally unstable due to strong central ion Landau damping. Three ITER AT plasmas were modeled with dieren t values of the shear reversal, which was changing from being close to the hybrid to a well reversed. We have found that the plasma in the most reversed shear conguration is the most unstable. This is due to much wider TAE gap in the strongly reversed case and generally localized solutions near the point of qmin, which is close to the maximum gradients of alpha and beam ion pressures. Overall hybrid and AT plasmas are the most unstable with the damping rates for the unstable modes approaching 3 5%. H-mode plasma shows the least unstable case. Complete stabilization of TAEs seems to be possible in both normal shear and hybrid plasmas by aiming NNBI exactly at the plasma center or far away 50cm above/below the axis. In all studied cases NBI ions strongly contributed to the instability and are suggested to be used for the TAE stability control in ITER.
Comparing multiscale, presence-only habitat suitability models created with structured survey data and community science data for a rare warbler species at the southern range margin

Golden-winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera, Parulidae) are declining migrant songbirds that breed in the Great Lakes and Appalachian regions of North America. Within their breeding range, Golden-winged Warblers are found in early successional habitats adjacent to mature hardwood forest, and previous work has found that Golden-winged Warbler habitat preferences are scale-dependent. Golden-winged Warbler Working Group management recommendations were written to apply to large regions of the breeding range, but there may be localized differences in both habitat availability and preferences. Rapid declines at the southernmost extent of their breeding range in Western North Carolina and Georgia necessitate investigation into landscape characteristics governing distribution in this subregion. We describe patterns of Golden-winged Warbler presence in Western North Carolina by examining habitat variables at multiple spatial scales using data from standardized Audubon North Carolina (NC) surveys and unstructured community scientist checklists submitted to eBird. We compared model performance and predictions between Audubon NC and eBird models and found that Golden-winged Warbler presence is associated with sites which, at a local scale (150m), have more young forest, less mature forest, and more road cover, and at a landscape scale (2.5km), have less road cover. eBird and Audubon models had similar parameter estimates for all of the land cover variables and similar overall performance. Based on parameter estimates, road density at the landscape scale (2.5km) is the primary variable driving the difference between Golden-winged Warbler breeding sites and random background sites in Western North Carolina. Our results show that eBird data can produce species distribution modeling results that are similar to results obtained from more standardized survey methods.
Protocol for randomized control trial of a digital-assisted parenting intervention for promoting Malaysian children’s mental health

Background Mental illness among Malaysian children is gradually reaching a fundamentally alarming point as it persistently shows increasing trend. The existing literature on the etiologies of children’s mental illness, highlights the most common cause to be ineffective or impaired parenting. Thus, efforts to combat mental illness in children should focus on improving the quality of parenting. Documented interventional studies focusing on this issue, particularly in Malaysia, are scarce and commonly report poor treatment outcomes stemming from inconvenient face-to-face instructions. Consequently, proposing an accessible online and digital-assisted parenting program is expected to reach a larger number of parents, as it can overcome substantial barriers. Hence, this study aims to develop a universal digital-assisted preventive parenting intervention called DaPI, that aims to enhance mental health of children in Malaysia. Methods A total of 200 parents of children aged 10–14 years will be recruited and randomized into two groups either intervention or waitlist-control based on a 1:1 ratio for a duration of 8 weeks. Those in the intervention group will receive eight sessions of the DaPI program that focus mainly on parenting and children’s mental health. The primary outcome of this study will essentially focus on the changes in parent-reported parenting behavior and parental self-efficacy. The secondary outcome will be changes in children’s mental health (i.e., behavioral problems and emotional maladjustment). Assessments will be arranged pre- and post-intervention as well as at the 1-month follow-up. Analyses will be conducted using a paired t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance. Discussion The expected outcome will be the establishment of DaPI in promoting children’s mental health by targeting changes in parenting behavior and parental self-efficacy in Malaysia. Findings from this study will be beneficial for policymakers to invest in parenting programs that could provide support to parents in enhancing their child’s overall development. Clinical trial registration [www.irct. ir], identifier [IRCT20211129053207N1].
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Specific Energy Consumption for Cut-Off Grinding

Cut-off operation is widely used in the manufacturing industry and is highly energy-intensive. Prediction of specific energy consumption (SEC) using data-driven models is a promising means to understand, analyze and reduce energy consumption for cut-off grinding. The present article aims to put forth a novel methodology to predict and validate the specific energy consumption for cut-off grinding of oxygen-free copper (OFC–C10100) using supervised machine learning techniques. State-of-the-art experimental setup was designed to perform the abrasive cutting of the material at various cutting conditions. First, energy consumption values were predicted on the bases of input process parameters of feed rate, cutting thickness, and cutting tool type using the three supervised learning techniques of Gaussian process regression, regression trees, and artificial neural network (ANN). Among the three algorithms, Gaussian process regression performance was found to be superior, with minimum errors during validation and testing. The predicted values of energy consumption were then exploited to evaluate the specific energy consumption (SEC), which turned out to be highly accurate, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The relationship of the predicted specific energy consumption (SEC) with material removal rate agrees well with the relationship depicted in physical models, which further validates the accuracy of the prediction models.
Sprite Distribution of Different Polarities From ISUAL Observations With Machine Learning Method

The morphological features of sprites are closely related to the polarity of their causative lightning strokes. Using the machine learning method, we develop a model with an accuracy of 93.8% to identify the polarity of sprite‐producing cloud‐to‐ground (CG) lightning strokes for events recorded during the Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning (ISUAL) mission. Approximately 17% of the sprites are identified to be produced by negative CG lightning strokes. The global distribution of the polarity of sprite‐producing CG lightning strokes suggests that the ratio of sprites produced by negative CG lightning strokes relative to sprites produced by positive ones varies with latitude and sea‐land distribution. Sprites produced by negative CG lightning strokes appear to be generated in the tropical regions below 20° latitude and the oceanic area. Moreover, the proportion of sprites produced by negative CG lightning strokes over Africa and North America are much smaller than that over the rest of the continents and the sea.
Periodic patterns, linear instability symplectic structure and mean-flow dynamics for three-dimensional surface waves

Space and time periodic waves at the two-dimensional surface of an irrotational inviscid fluid of finite depth are considered. The governing equations are shown to have a new formulation as a generalized Hamiltonian system on a multisymplectic structure where there is a distinct symplectic operator corresponding to each unbounded space direction and time. The wave-generated mean flow in this framework has an interesting characterization as drift along a group orbit. The theory has interesting connections with, and generalizations of, the concepts of action, action flux, pseudofrequency and pseudowavenumber of the Whitham theory. The multisymplectic structure and novel characterization of mean flow lead to a new constrained variational principle for all space and time periodic patterns on the surface of a finite-depth fluid. With the additional structure of the equations, it is possible to give a direct formulation of the linear stability problem for three-dimensional travelling waves
Estimation of a common covariance matrix for multiple classes with applications in meta- and discriminant analysis

We propose a hierarchical random effects model for a common covariance matrix in cases where multiple classes are present. It is applicable where the classes are believed to share a common covariance matrix of interest obscured by class-dependent noise. As such, it provides a basis for integrative or meta-analysis of covariance matrices where the classes are formed by datasets. Our approach is inspired by traditional meta-analysis using random effects models but the model is also shown to be applicable as an intermediate between linear and quadratic discriminant analysis. We derive basic properties and estimators of the model and compare their properties. Simple inference and interpretation of the introduced parameter measuring the inter-class homogeneity is suggested.