Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BACTERIA FOR COTTON PLANT PROTECTION: DISEASE CONTROL, CROP YIELD AND FIBER QUALITY1

Ramulosis (Colletotrichum gossypii var. cephalosporioides) is an important fungal disease of cotton in Brazil, exclusively controlled by fungicide application. Therefore, sustainable management of ramulosis is essential. This work aimed to evaluate the potential of three bacterial strains, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (UFLA285), Bacillus velezensis (UFLA401), and Paenibacillus lentimorbus (MEN2), for the biocontrol of ramulosis in cotton and their effects on yield and fiber quality. Seed treatment (ST), foliar spray, and soil drenching application methods were used (separately or combined) under greenhouse and field conditions. Chemical treatments recommended against ramulosis and water were used as controls. Under greenhouse conditions all strains reduced the disease incidence. While B. velezensis UFLA401 and P. lentimorbus MEN2 reduced the incidence by 56.6% and 45.7%, respectively, independent of the application method, B. amyloliquefaciens UFLA285 reduced the disease by about 60% when applied as a foliar spray or ST + foliar spray. Two field trials were performed and all bacterial strains reduced ramulosis incidence. In the first year, B. velezensis UFLA401 sprayed on the plants reduced incidence by 22.3% and ST + two foliar sprays resulted in the best performance, decreasing ramulosis by 57%. In both seasons the yield increased by using either bacterial or chemical treatments compared to the water control. The combination B. velezensis UFLA401 and P. lentimorbus MEN2 sprays provided better fiber quality than chemical treatment. Therefore, Bacillus sp. (UFLA285 and UFLA401) and P. lentimorbus MEN2 are potential tools to reduce ramulosis, increase cotton yield and fiber quality.
ANALYSIS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PROTECTED SPECIES MONITORING IN SERBIA

Monitoring of protected species within protected areas (PA) is an important component of PA management. In addition to the framework that defines the basic preconditions for PA management and the financing mechanisms that ensure sustainable financing for PA, a structural component of PA management is monitoring of protected species and changes in PA over a long period of time. In Serbia, key monitoring is carried out by the Institute for Nature Conservation as well as by PA managers. This research aimed to identify the management practices utilized for monitoring PA by different groups of managers. To do so, the organization of monitoring of protected species was observed. The survey indicated that monitoring in most PA is conducted by a ranger service, and experts are only present when public enterprises manage national parks. A lack of databases was identified for most PA managers, except the public enterprise Vojvodinašume, and the problems related to reintroduction of species are mostly financial. Therefore, in the next period, it is necessary to improve this aspect of PA management by providing additional financial resources and better organizing the monitoring of protected species in Serbia.
The impact of human activities on the biodiversity of fish species composition in rice paddy field in An Giang Province, Southern Vietnam

1. School of Education, Can Tho University, An Khanh ward, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam 2. College of Natural Science, Can Tho University, An Khanh ward, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam 3. College of Rural Development, Can Tho University, An Khanh ward, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam 4. College of Environment and Natural resources, Can Tho University, An Khanh ward, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam 5. Faculty of Agriculture and Fishery, University of Cuu Long, Phu Quoi ward, Long Ho district, Can Tho 890000, Vietnam *Corresponding author: dmquang@ctu.edu. vn
An Integrated Behavioral Model for Medical Tourism: An American Perspective

This study aims to develop and test a theoretical model that predicts individuals’ intention to engage in medical tourism. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to test the study hypotheses by using data collected from 246 US residents. The study results indicated that perceived benefits were positively, and perceived barriers negatively, associated with attitude, and perceived barriers had a negative impact on perceived behavioral control. The study results further revealed that attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm positively influenced individuals’ intention to engage in medical tourism. Finally, a significant moderating effect of perceived severity was found on the relationships between perceived benefits and attitude, perceived barriers and attitude, and attitude and behavioral intention. The findings of the study offer valuable theoretical contributions and practical implications in the context of medical tourism.
An Item Analysis of the Trauma Inventory for Partners of Sex Addicts

Abstract The Trauma Inventory for Partners of Sex Addicts (TIPSA) represents a pioneering attempt to measure trauma in the partners of sex addicts. In this study, we utilized a large sample of TIPSA responses to examine the impact of rescoring empirically disordered response options on error variance and scale reliability. Results suggested that rescoring by collapsing categories in response to empirical response option disordering has a mixed and marginal impact on error variance and scale reliability, and may not be beneficial from a practical standpoint in terms of reducing nuisance variation. Importantly, results also support the conclusion that measurement and diagnosis are distinct endeavors that serve two separate purposes.
POVERTY REDUCTION BY ISLAMIC WAQF SYSTEM

Human development progress involves the capacity to generate income and translate it into capabilities, including better health and education outcomes. This process plays out throughout the lifecycle. Each persons development starts earlyeven before birth, with nutrition, cognitive development and education opportunities for infants and children. It continues with formal education, sexual health and safety from violence before entering the labour market. For the poorest people the lifecycle is an obstacle course that reinforces deprivations and exclusions. This article deals with such global problem as poverty and gives a solution to this problem from religious viewpoint, as the religion is one of the drivers of humanity and economic activity.
The comparison of freshwater invertebrates of Spitsbergen [Arctic] and King George Island [Antarctica]

Nematoda, Tardigrada, Rotifera and Crustacea composition in different fresh­ water habitats on Spitsbergen (Arctic) and King George Island (Antarctic) was presented. In all surveyed groups more genera and species were recorded from Spitsbergen than from King George Island. Habitats richest in taxa were moss banks and thaw ponds, whereas streams were poorest in species. In all groups in both regions cosmopolitan species dominated, but higher number of endemic species was recorded on King George Island. Regarding species composition in surveyed groups it can be suggested that freshwater habitats on Spitsbergen are more similar to each other than those on King George Island. K e y w o r d s : Arctic, Antarctic, freshwater invertebrates, species composition, Nematoda, Tardigrada, Rotifera, Crustacea.
FACE VALIDITY OF THE INSTITUTIONAL ENGLISH BASED ON THE COMMON EUROPEAN FRAME OF REFERENCE AT A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN VIETNAM

In language testing and assessment, face validity of a test is used by learners and is probably considered as the most commonly discussed type of test validity because it is primarily dealt with the question of whether a test measures what it is said to measure. Therefore, this study investigates students’ and English lecturers’ perceptions toward the Institutional English Test based on the Common European Framework of Reference administered in a public university in Vietnam. A survey of 103 students and 20 English lecturers from the Institutional Program was conducted. A questionnaire with 7 main concerns – weightage, time allocation, language skills, topics, question items, instructions and mark allocations was used to collect data. All responses were analyzed through descriptive statistics. The results showed that the Institutional English Test based on the Common European Framework of Reference had satisfactory face validity from both the students’ and lecturers’ opinions; consequently, the Institutional English Test is perceived as a good test to measure students’ English abilities.
Molasses-based medium requires no nitrogen supplement for culturing three entomopathogenic fungi.

The suitability and economics of molasses-based media supplemented with different nitrogen sources for mass production of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria brongniartii (Saccardo) Petch, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinikoff) were evaluated. Radial growth of all three fungi on molasses agar media differed significantly among different nitrogen supplements. The salts NaNO, and KNO-supported the highest radial growth. Yeast extract, soyflour and defatted soyameal were next best while fertilizer grade urea inhibited growth of B. brongniartii . Spore production of B. brongniartii or M. anisopliae did not differ significantly among molasses broth media fortified with different nitrogen supplements. In B. bassiana , however, yeast extract supported significantly highest spore production and fertilizer grade urea the lowest. A comparison of cost of components for the production of the fungi showed that molasses medium without any nitrogen source was least expensive compared to all other media fortified with different nitrogen sources.
Estimated Prevalence of Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis by Elastography in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. The grade of hepatic fibrosis is known to be closely associated with over-all or liver-related mortality in NAFLD. In order to detect early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is essential to identify advanced hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD. To avoid invasive liver biopsies, several modalities have developed for evaluating hepatic fibrosis, including elastography (FibroScan and magnetic resonance elastography) and noninvasive tests (NITs) such as fibrosis-4 index and NAFLD fibrosis score. Patients with type 2 diabetes is twice at higher risk for incident HCC compared to the non-diabetic population. Although type 2 diabetes is also associated with fibrosis progression of NAFLD, the precise prevalence of advanced hepatic fibrosis in type 2 diabetes remains unknown. To detect or prevent the development of HCC in type 2 diabetes, mining patients with advanced fibrosis (stage 3/4) is important. It is estimated that approximately 17% of patients with type 2 diabetes receiving liver biopsies had advanced fibrosis. Population-based data are essential because of excluding selection bias. In this review, we review estimated prevalence of advanced hepatic fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes by using non-invasive elastography.
Cost‐efficiency disk failure prediction via threshold‐moving

Self‐Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (SMART) is a technology in hard disk drives to predict impending disk failures for data repair in advance. As the prediction accuracy of SMART is unsatisfactory, recently, machine learning techniques have been explored to improve the prediction accuracy. Those approaches treat disk failure prediction as a binary classification problem and take SMART attributes as features, and some of them achieve satisfactory prediction accuracy. However, there is no uniform metric to measure the financial impact of these methods whose primary objective is to reduce disk failure recovery costs via disk failure prediction. In this article, from a financial impact perspective, we propose a simple, yet practical, metric Mean‐Cost‐To‐Recovery (MCTR) for disk failure prediction in data centers. Specifically, by assigning different weights to mispredicted healthy disks and failed disks, we measure the entire misprediction costs, that is, MCTR. In addition, we argue that the commonly used threshold 0.5 for disk failure prediction is suboptimal because of the fact of data imbalance, that is, failed disks are much fewer than healthy ones. To find the optimal threshold which renders minimal MCTR, we wrap a cost‐minimizing procedure around disk failure prediction and use a threshold‐moving technique for searching. Moreover, to map sample‐level prediction results to disk‐level prediction results, a modified leaky‐bucket algorithm is design to determine the disk health state by considering its multiple sample‐level prediction results. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct extensive experiments using three real‐world datasets. The experimental results show that compared with reactive data protection schemes, we can reduce MCTR by up to 86.9%, and compared with cost‐blind failure predictions, we can reduce MCTR by up to 22.3%.
Assessment of Mutation Susceptibility in DNA Sequences with Word Vectors

With the advent of natural language processing (NLP) techniques empowered with deep learning approaches, more detailed relationships between words have been unraveled. Word2Vec is quite robust in discovering contextual and semantic relationships. Genome being a long text, is subject to similar studies to unravel yet to be discovered relationships between DNA k-mers. Dna2vec applies Word2Vec approach to whole genome so that DNA k-mers are represented as vectors. The cosine similarity queries on DNA vectors reveal unusual relationships between DNA k-mers. In this study, we examined DNA sequence based prediction of mutation susceptibility. Initially,we generated word vectors for human and mouse genome via dna2vec. On the other hand, we retrieved coordinates of common and all mutations from dbSNP. For each coordinate, we extracted 8 nucleotide k-mers intersecting mutations and results are aggregated. such a way that number of mutations for each 8-mer has been tabulated. These results are incorporated with dna2vec cosine similarity data. Our results showed that for a given k-mer, k-mers with highest cosine similarity coincide with highest mutation count k-mer. In other words, the neighbor with the highest cosine similarity for a k-mer was also seen to be the neighbor overlapping the mutation count. As a result of our studies, human and mouse, dna2vec vs. mutation overlap is 80% and 70%, respectively. In conclusion, dna2vec and other word embedding approaches can be used to reveal mutation or variation characteristics of genomes without sequencing or experimental data, solely using the genome sequence itself. This might pave the way for understanding the underlying mechanism or dynamics of mutations in genomes.
Structural analysis of a cDNA encoding iron binding protein; pacifastin heavy chain gene in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man).

The full-length cDNA of giant freshwater prawn pacifastin heavy chain gene (Mr-PHC) was completely cloned by 5’ rapid amplification complementary DNA ends (5’RACEs). Its sequence comprised of 4,331 bp containing 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 119 bp followed by 3,990 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding for 1,329 amino acid residues, which joined together with 222 bp 3' UTR. Homology analysis with sequences available in GenBank database revealed that Mr-PHC showed the highest similarity to a unique transferrin-like protein of signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) (pacifastin heavy chain gene, Pl-PHC). Surprisingly, structural analysis found that Mr-PHC contained 4 different functional transferrin-lobe proteins which have not been found previously. Characterization of iron binding residues on each lobe of Mr-PHC resulted in various degrees of conservation when compared with transferrin of vertebrates and insects. The three of four lobes might be active for iron binding sites. Additionally, phylogenetic tree demonstrated that Mr-PHC and Pl-PHC were strongly clustered in the same major clade together with transferrins (TFs) of insects and a lactotransferrin (LTF) of Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus). Our present study supports that the iron binding protein may span in all decapod crustaceans in form of pacifastin heavy chain genes and very structurally unique for giant freshwater prawn.
Prolonged Neoproterozoic high‐grade metamorphism of the Wanni Complex, Sri Lanka: New insights from petrology, phase equilibria modelling, and zircon U–Pb geochronology of partially melted cordierite gneiss from Walpita

We report new petrological and geochronological data of garnet‐cordierite (Grt‐Crd) gneiss as well as two types of leucocratic rocks (garnet‐bearing and cordierite‐bearing leucosomes) crystallized during prograde and near‐peak metamorphisms of the Wanni Complex (WC) in Sri Lanka, and investigate the pressure–temperature–time evolution of granulite‐facies metamorphism for unravelling the timing and tectonics of the Neoproterozoic collisional processes related to Gondwana amalgamation. Grt‐Crd gneiss, garnet‐biotite (Grt‐Bt) gneiss, garnet‐bearing leucocratic rock (Grt‐L), and cordierite‐bearing leucocratic rock (Crd‐L) discussed in this study were collected from Walpita in the margin of the WC along the boundary with the Highland Complex (HC). Grt‐L occurs as thin layers parallel to the foliation of matrix Grt‐Bt and Grt‐Crd gneisses. The occurrences of porphyroblastic garnet in quartzo‐feldspathic matrix and crystallised melt inclusions within the garnet suggest that the Grt‐L could have formed by partial melting of host Grt‐Bt gneiss during prograde to peak metamorphism. Crd‐L is coarse‐grained and massive, lacks obvious foliation, and crosscuts the foliation of host Grt‐Bt gneiss. These observations suggest that the Crd‐L could have intruded after the crystallization of the Grt‐L. Application of phase equilibria modelling in the system NCKFMASHTO for the rocks yielded three discrete thermal events: 600–800°C/4.0–6.0 kbar (Stage 1 from Grt‐L), 700–840°C/5.5–7.0 kbar (Stage 2 from Grt‐Crd gneiss), and 840–880°C/4.5–5.5 kbar (Stage 3 from Crd‐L), suggesting a clockwise P–T evolution. LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U–Pb dating of the leucosomes yielded several metamorphic events: >577 Ma (partial melting of Grt‐L), ~562 Ma (crystallization of Grt‐L), 537 ± 14 Ma (peak metamorphism and crystallization of Crd‐L), and 507–503 Ma (post‐peak cooling event). The results of this study therefore confirmed prolonged (>70 Myr) high‐grade metamorphism of the WC, although the duration might be shorter than that of the HC (>100 Ma). The continuous heat supply necessary for such long‐lived high‐grade metamorphism is explained by a recent tectonic model of Sri Lanka. The model suggests double‐sided subduction and continent‐continent collision, which could have given rise to subsequent slab delamination and differential heating of lower to middle crust. Such complex subduction–collision processes possibly controlled the difference in the style of P–T path and the duration of high‐grade metamorphism between the HC and the WC.
New evidence for the protoconodont origin of chaetognaths

An earlier hypothesis concerning the origin of chaetognaths from protoconodonts found additional support in new dis− coveries and in recent structural, chemical and molecular investigations. The new findings show that the head armature of protoconodonts was composed not only of grasping spines but also of much smaller spicules corresponding in size and shape to the chaetognath teeth. Grasping spines of protoconodonts were originally built mainly of an organic substance. Their original composition was changed by secondary phosphatisation. The thickest layer of the protoconodont spines was originally constructed of organic fibrils, similar to those in the corresponding layer of chaetognaths. Recent molecu− lar investigations show that the chaetognath lineage separated in the early stage of metazoan radiation, which fits the pre− sented hypothesis. Described are some previously unknown structural details of chaetognath grasping spines, including composition of the outer layer and the origin of their distinctive tips.
The GAP Model of e-Government Service in Thailand e-Tourism

The objectives of this research were to develop service quality factors for Thailand’s e-Tourism provided by the government. This was done using Thai tourists as the samples who have used Thailand’s e-Tourism service to find out service quality using a total of 385 samples and determining the confidence level at 95 percent. The tool used for data collection was a service quality questionnaire for Thailand’s e-Tourism provided by the government. The confidence level for the whole research effort was 0.856 and the confidence level for each question was in the range 0.824-0.926. The statistics used in the data analysis included confidence test, frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of dispersion, skewness, kurtosis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results of the study showed that the exploratory factor analysis of the expectations and actual service received gave five factors (KMO = 0.789). Those indicators were not different from the theoretical models obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis. The five factors included 1) Tangibles, 2) Reliability, 3) Responsiveness, 4) Assurance, and 5) Empathy. The factors’ indicators are not different from the theoretical models. The researchers have modified the component of the second confirmatory factor analysis (S-CFA) model to check the construct validity of the scale after modifying the component and found Chi Square = 220.734, df = 165, P = 0.002, Chi Square/df = 1.338, GFI = 0.913, AGFI = 0.878, CFI = 0.980, (RMR) = 0.018, and RMSEA = 0.040. This indicates that expectation for service, and actual service received, which affect user satisfaction, can create users’ loyalty. This results in the analytical model for the service quality component for Thailand’s e-Tourism provided by the government matching the empirical data
3D Ring Oscillator Based Test Structures to Detect a Trojan Die in a 3D Die Stack in the Presence of Process Variations

3D integrated circuits introduce both advantages and disadvantages for security. Among the disadvantages unique to 3D is the potential insertion of a Trojan die into the stack between two legitimate dies. Such a die could be used to snoop information traveling between dies, alter the data, or otherwise interfere with stack operation. In this article, we explore the use of in-stack circuitry and various testing procedures to detect an extra die through delay analysis even in the presence of process variations. Then, we explore the performance of these techniques when the attacker modifies some of the TSVs’ characteristics to avoid detection. Our simulation results show that the proposed techniques can detect the Trojan die in a 3D stack, especially when the test structure that incorporates multiple TSVs between two dies is used.