Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of GO-Fe3O4-based ferrofluid and its lubrication performances

As a thin material with a lamellar structure, graphene oxide (GO) may extend the already superior tribological properties of ferrofluids. For this purpose, magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were fabricated on the GO surface with different compositions by the co-precipitation method. Then, the GO-Fe3O4 nanohybrids coated with a surfactant were dispersed in paraffin oil to achieve stable ferrofluids. The tribological results demonstrated that compared with paraffin oil, friction coefficient reduced by 19.4% and 25.8–35.5% when lubricated with ferrofluids containing 0.5 wt% of Fe3O4 nanoparticle and GO-Fe3O4 nanohybrids, respectively. The results also indicated that nanohybrids with the higher content of GO exhibited better lubrication behaviors. It can be concluded that the introduction of GO helps to further promote the lubricity of traditional Fe3O4-based ferrofluids. The excellent tribological behaviors of GO-Fe3O4-based ferrofluids were ascribed to the triboflim and the synergistic effects of GO and Fe3O4.
Nicotine decreased expression of fibronectin in lung parenchyma newborn

Smoking during pregnancy may impair pulmonary function in infants and children. Nicotine is one of the chemical substances with high level of toxicity. It crosses the placenta and accumulates in the developing organs of fetus. Previous investigations indicated that maternal nicotine exposure induces abnormal collagen IV expression and causes defects in bronchopulmonary development. In this study, the effect of maternal nicotine exposure on fibronectin expression in the lungs of newborn mice has been evaluated. Female Balb/C mice were mated and positivity in vaginal plug was designated as day 0 of pregnancy. Pregnant mice were divided into 2 experimental and 2 control groups. The experimental group 1 received 3 mg/kg intra peritoneal (IP) nicotine from day 7 of gestation to the last day of pregnancy. Also, the same amount of nicotine was injected into experimental group 2 during the same gestational days as well as day 14 after birth (lactation). However, control groups received the same volume of normal saline during the same periods. At the end of exposure times, all of newborns were anesthetized and their lungs removed for Immunohistochemical method and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Our finding indicated that fibronectin mRNA expression in the lung of newborn during gestation and lactation period was decreasedby 0.7-and 1-fold, respectively compared with control groups. Fibronectin immunoreactivity intensity was not similar in the different parts of the lungs including alveoli, bronchiole and small vessels, having a significant decrease in immunoreactivity of the experimental groups in contrast with the control groups. These data also indicate that maternal nicotine exposure may induce abnormal fibronectin expression which may cause defects in lung function during life time. Key words: Fibronectin, lung, mouse, nicotine.
Nonlinearities in the Base Emitter Junction of Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors

An abstract of the thesis of Oliver Woywode for the Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering presented February 13, 1996. Title: Nonlinearities in the Base Emitter Junction of Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors The nonlinear behaviour of the base emitter junction in HBTs is investigated. Nonlinearities cause troublesome distortion and intermodulation of signals and raise the bit error rate. They are therefore a key issue in microwave communication systems. Hewlett-Packard's Microwave Design System (MDS) software package has been used to simulate these phenomena. The simulation results are verified by an analytical method called nonlinear current method which is a derivative of the Volterra series approach. With the aid of this method new analytical expressions are derived that provide insight into the subtleties of nonlinear phenomena. These expressions are evaluated by the program MAPLE and subsequently compared with the MDS results. Two different models for the B-E junction are juxtaposed. The derived equations reveal the identity and correspondence between the two models. Finally, this thesis also addresses harmonic balance simulation which is the type of simulation MDS employs to simulate nonlinear circuits. Nonlinearities in the Base Emitter Junction of Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors
Improving local corrections for the radar vertical reflectivity profile using the linear depolarisation ratio

A major source of errors in radar-derived quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) is the vertical reflectivity profile (VPR). A feature of particular importance is the radar “bright band”: a reflectivity enhancement due to the melting of large snowflakes that occurs in the majority of high latitude rainfall, and which if misrepresented can cause order of magnitude errors in surface QPEs. Recent upgrades of several national weather radar networks to dual polarisation provide opportunities to refine the identification of bright band in operational radar measurements, and to improve subsequent determination and corrections for VPR. This thesis applies information from the linear depolarisation ratio (LDR) to improve classification of VPRs at the pixel scale. Using a unique dataset of high resolution vertical profiles, values of LDR in the melting layer are shown to provide a seven-fold increase in probability of detection of non-bright band reflectivity profiles over the current UK operational criterion. In the context of the Met Office local VPR correction scheme, an LDR-based classification step alone is shown to produce improvements in bias and RMSE of more than 1 mm h−1 for high rain rates in non-bright band conditions. The high resolution vertical profile dataset is then further used to improve the parameterisation of VPR shapes for correction at the local scale. Using a simulation method adapted from previous literature, three possible non-bright band VPR shapes are defined and their performance objectively compared to a control (no correction) profile. The most skilful profile is applied to a high intensity non-bright band case study in combination with LDR-based VPR classification, yielding further improvements to QPE bias and RMSE. Improvements to the stratiform profile are also investigated. The conclusions of this thesis indirectly support the use of local over global VPR corrections to maximise the accuracy of radar QPEs at the sub-kilometre scale.
Phytopharmacological And Phytochemical Properties Of Three Ficus Species-An Overview

Ficus plants are found throughout the world as moderate woody plants or trees. It has a vast traditional role in indigenious system of medicine like ayurveda, siddha, unani and homoeopathy. Ficus species, namely F. racemosa, , F. religiosa and F. benghalensis , are important ingredients in many Ayurvedic and traditional formulations. The barks ,leaves,fruits and latex are considered to be very effective in various treatments, such as diabetes, skin diseases, ulcers, dysentry, diarrohoea, stomachache, piles and as carminative ,astringent , anti inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer agent. The present review is therefore, an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties.
983: SENSITIVITY AND POSITIVE PREDICTIVE VALUE OF CERNER EMR BASED SEPSIS RECOGNITION TOOL

Learning Objectives: Sepsis recognition in intermediate acuity care units may be suboptimal. EMR-based recognition tools exist to help healthcare workers identify sepsis. Such tools must balance high detection sensitivity for sepsis with high specificity to reduce false positive identification of noninfectious acute illness. Cerner’s St John’s algorithm for sepsis recognition is one tool which employs more acute physiologic criteria (HR 95, RR 22, 3/4 SIRS criteria or 2/4 SIRS with 1 sign of organ dysfunction) than conventional SIRS criteria. Our purpose was to characterize the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the Cerner sepsis tool at identifying septic patients. Methods: Physiologic parameters of all consecutive admissions to an intermediate acuity medical care unit were prospectively screened using two algorithms to identify septic patients: 1) presence of two or more SIRS criteria, and 2) Cerner’s sepsis algorithm. Clinical documentation of all potentially septic patients was reviewed for the presence of infection within 24 hours of manifestation of physiologic criteria for sepsis. Using the presence of two or more SIRS criteria and confirmed or suspected infection as a standard, the sensitivity of the Cerner algorithm for sepsis detection was assessed. The positive predictive value of both the Cerner algorithm and the SIRS criteria for discerning sepsis from noninfectious acute illness were also assessed. Results: Over 30 days, 301 patients were admitted and subjected to parallel screening by both algorithms. The Cerner algorithm identified 18 patients, of which 8 were judged by clinical documentation to be septic, PPV(positive predictive value)= 44.45%. The standard SIRS criteria identified 103 patients, of which 44 were judged to be clinically septic, PPV= 42.72%. The sensitivity of the Cerner algorithm for sepsis recognition was 18.18% (8/44). Conclusions: It was concluded that the Cerner algorithm for sepsis recognition suffers from low sensitivity and has only slightly higher positive predictive value than SIRS criteria for detecting sepsis.
Geomaterial‐Functionalized Microfluidic Devices Using a Universal Surface Modification Approach

The layer‐by‐layer (LbL) self‐assembly technique is used to coat the surface of flow channels in microfluidic chips with geomaterials. The surface modifications diminish the discrepancy between the surface chemistry of synthesized microfluidic devices and those of underground porous rocks. Hence, the use of visual models and, in particular, microfluidic devices is broadened to simulate the multiphase flows and fluid–solid interactions in actual rocks. Glass and quartz substrates are successfully coated with silicon dioxide (SiO2), bentonite, and montmorillonite. On‐chip functionalization of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and glass micromodels with SiO2 is also accomplished. The functionalized coatings using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements are characterized. The surface modification technique is shown to be material‐independent, which generates a hydrophilic surface. The surface‐coated chips, functionalized by clay particles, are utilized to illustrate the role of water salinity on oil displacement.
Fabrication and characterization of superhydrophobicity ZnO nanoparticles with two morphologies by using stearic acid

In this work, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with two morphologies (ZnO nanospheres and ZnO nanorods) were prepared by wet chemical method, and superhydrophobic materials were synthesized by stearic acid modification. The effects of parameters such as time, temperature and molar mass fraction of stearic acid on the superhydrophobic properties of the composites were systematically studied, and the optimal reaction conditions were determined. The microstructure, chemical composition, surface topography, and water contact angle (CA) of the two morphologies of superhydrophobic ZnO materials have been measured by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and water CA apparatus. The results showed that the hydroxyl groups on the surface of ZnO NPs modified by stearic acid were replaced by carboxyl groups of stearic acid, and existed on the surface of ZnO NPs in the form of coordination adsorption. The hydrophobic group (–CH3) of stearic acid was grafted onto the surface of ZnO NPs, which made it superhydrophobic. By studying the SEM and water CA of two morphologies of ZnO NPs modified by stearic acid, we found that the surface of ZnO nanospheres were easier to form micro-nano rough structure than that of ZnO nanorods, which also reveals the reason why the hydrophobic property of ZnO nanospheres modified by stearic acid was better than that of ZnO nanorods.
Experimental and FE analysis on spring-back of copper/aluminum layers sheet for a L-die bending process

This paper is a conduct of experimental tests to investigate different effective parameters of a UNS C10100 copper/aluminum 1100 spring-back on a two-layer L-die bending sheet through finite element simulations. The parameters are the radius and clearance of die, sheet length, thickness of each layer, different lay ups, and sheet annealing. The paper shows that the spring-back decreases with the reduction of the die clearance and radius, similar to the behavior of single-layer sheet and with the increase of the sheet length. The outcome displays a contradiction with ‘no significant effect’ in the single-layer sheets, previously published in other papers. Furthermore, the thicknesses of copper and aluminum are important roles to evaluate spring-back; however, there is no certain rule to decrease or increase the spring-back through changing the thickness of each layer. Moreover, this work shows the effects of stacking sequence of aluminum and copper layer on the spring-back, because of the different natural axis in each stacking sequence and also different ultimate strength of each layer. Finally, it is concluded that annealing heat treatment significantly reduces the spring-back, where the intermetallic bond hardness in the interface of Cu/Al layers and spring-back increases with the rise of annealing temperature.
Top-down bottom-up graphene synthesis

With its unique physical properties, graphene creates an exceptional platform for fundamental science and a promising material for many applications. However, the large-scale production of graphene with high quality and few layers is still challenging. To understanding the preparation methods of the graphene and the influence of their process parameters on the electronic structure is not only crucial for developing its applications in research fields, but also vital for the future graphene industrial production. This work is an overview of the most state-of-the-art research approaches and latest advancement described in the literature for synthesizing graphene and their associated properties.
Development of 2IN1 Hybrid Measuring Device Using EO/IR Camera

Hybrid measuring device using EO/IR camera was developed in this paper. 2IN1 module type design to acquire EO and IR image simultaneously was used and also was deigned to acquire EO/IR image, distance and location information at a time by integrating Lidar and GPS module. For outdoor photographing, passive thermal image technique without using additional artificial heating system was adopted, and for convenient use of measurement data, a module to connect UAV and measuring device, measuring device and PC, respectively, was used. External power supply was used for image acquisition module with 12V input, maximum 7A, complete size 500 x 500mm and 6kg in weight. Further test of the device will be conducted to connect with the software designed to detect concrete structure surface defect and damage, thereby applying to field instrumentation.
Interacción Temprana: Evaluación de la Fiabilidad del Sistema Observacional CITMI- R, Versión Inglesa

Observational methodology has been the strategy most commonly used to analyze family interactions, in particular, early parent-ch ild interaction. The “Codificacion de la Interaccion Temprana Materno-Infantil- Revisado”, CITMI-R (“Early Mother-Child Interaction Coding System”; Trenado & Cerezo, 2007)” is an observational instrument for encoding the behavior of the caregiver and child, w hich provide micro-analytic measurements of dyadic interaction. This information is relevant for prevention and intervention in the area of infant mental health and the primary caregivers. The purpose of this study was to present the reliab ility of the measure obtained with the CITMI-R in its English version and the observer -training procedure of 20 hours. The group of 5 independent observers coded 16 episodes of mother/father-child free-play at 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 months of infant’s age. The results sho w acceptable levels of reliability, assessed through both inter-observer agreement (Intraclass C orrelation Coefficient, M=.84; SD=.02) and consistency with an independent criterion (Kapp a, M=.77; SD=.02). Finally, the training procedure was shown to be effective in training rel iable observers.
Flame-retardant cotton fabrics modified with phosphoramidate derivative via electron beam irradiation process

In this study, a novel flame-retardant diethyl methacryloylphosphoramidate containing phosphorus and nitrogen was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance. The synthesized compound was grafted onto cotton fabrics using electron beam irradiation and pad dry cure processes. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the surfaces of the modified cotton fabrics to confirm that diethyl methacryloylphosphoramidate was grafted on cotton fabrics successfully. Both electron beam–cotton and pad dry cure–cotton exhibited efficient flame retardancy which was proved by limiting oxygen index and vertical flammability test. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that both electron beam-cotton and pad dry cure–cotton degraded at lower temperature and produced higher yields at 600℃. The tensile loss of electron beam–cotton was lower than that of pad dry cure–cotton, and within the acceptable range in flame retardant finishing.
Investigation on EDM machining of Ti6Al4V with negative polarity brass electrode

ABSTRACT This research paper focus on the machinability studies of Ti6Al4V material during electrical discharge machining (EDM) process. Discharge time, current, and discharge voltage are taken as input process variables. Experiments are conducted on Ti6Al4V material to explore the effect of these input variables on material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness, thickness of white layer and microcracks taken as output variables. The machined components are analyzed using three-dimensional surface topography and scanning electron microscope micrographs. It is found, by increasing discharge time and current, MRR and thickness of white layer is increased whereas surface finish gets worsened. Microcracks, blow holes, and redeposition of workpiece as debris are perceived on machined workpiece. A modified equation is proposed to estimate diameter of crater taking into account the discharge energy and latent heat of vaporization of workpiece material. Compared with experimental data, the proposed equation predicts diameter of crater an error of 16.89%.
Characterization of polymeric microspheres used in drug delivery via electron microscopy

Supervisory committee Dr. Rodney Herring, Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor Dr. Barbara Sawicki, Department of Mechanical Engineering Department Member Drugs can be made up of nucleic acids, sugars, small organic and inorganic compounds, peptides, and large macromolecules. Drug therapy can be optimized by controlled delivery systems that release an appropriate dose to the site of action, extend the duration of delivery, reduce administration sessions, and can target a precise site of activity. An advanced method of controlled drug delivery is through injectable polymeric biomaterial microparticles that entrap drugs within their matrix for slow release (1-6 months). Surface morphology of polymer microparticles is known to affect drug release; however, it is often reported in qualitative terms only. In this thesis, a mastery over the controlled fabrication of biodegradable poly (εcaprolactone) (PCL) microspheres is shown, as well as their characterization using different imaging conditions/techniques of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Retinoic acid (RA), a morphogenic molecule, is encapsulated to create RA/PCL microspheres that are used to successfully deliver drug to human induced pluripotent stem cell aggregates. Furthermore, this works reports the creation of variable surface morphology PCL microspheres and their characterization via size analysis and stereomicroscopy. A rough morphology candidate is identified and selected for 3D SEM surface model reconstruction via a computer vision technique. Surface studies via SEM
Analytical methods for determining the cable configuration and construction parameters of a suspension bridge

Main cable configurations under final dead load and in the unloaded state and critical construction parameters (e.g. unstrained cable length, unstrained hanger lengths, and pre-offsets for tower saddles and splay saddles) are the core considerations in the design and construction control of a suspension bridge. For the purpose of accurate calculations, it is necessary to take into account the effects of cable strands over the anchor spans, arc-shaped saddle top, and tower top pre-uplift. In this paper, a method for calculating the cable configuration under final dead load over a main span, two side spans, and two anchor spans, coordinates of tangent points, and unstrained cable length are firstly developed using conditions for mechanical equilibrium and geometric relationships. Hanger tensile forces and unstrained hanger lengths are calculated by iteratively solving the equations governing hanger tensile forces and the cable configuration, which gives careful consideration to the effect of hanger weight. Next, equations for calculating the cable configuration in the unloaded state and pre-offsets of saddles are derived from the cable configuration under final dead load and the conditions for unstrained cable length to be conserved. The equations for the main span, two side spans and two anchor spans are then solved simultaneously. In the proposed methods, coupled nonlinear equations are solved by turning them into an unconstrained optimization problem, making the procedure simplified. The feasibility and validity of the proposed methods are demonstrated through a numerical example.
The Concept of Boundaries in Counselling and Psychotherapy.

Abstract Boundaries in the mind—the relative ‘thinness’ and ‘thickness’ of many kinds of boundaries—has been studied as a measurable dimension of personality. Persons scoring ‘thin’ overall on the Boundary Questionnaire can be described as open, trusting, vulnerable, and usually having a rich fantasy life; they are people in whom ‘everything gets through’. People who score very ‘thick’ tend to be solid, well-organised, and sometimes rigid. The relationship of boundaries to other measures of personality, to dreams and nightmares, to clients' occupations and interests, and finally to the conduct of psychotherapists and counsellors, including the question of boundary violations, is discussed. Some boundary violators have very thin boundaries and are unable to maintain clear distinctions between the client's needs and their own; others have relatively thick boundaries which make them insensitive to the damage that boundary violations can cause. Awareness of the client's boundaries and one's own can be useful .
Sol–gel derived SnO2/Ag2O ceramic nanocomposite for H2 gas sensing applications

Currently, ceramic semiconductors have been used for many new applications in gas sensing industries. In this investigation, SnO2/Ag2O ceramic nanocomposite (CNP) was prepared by sol-gel method and was subsequently annealed at various temperatures. The obtained CNP was further used to fabricate a H2 sensor, and then the effect of annealing temperature on gas sensitivity of SnO2/Ag2O CNP was investigated. The structural properties and surface morphologies of produced CNP was characterized by various tests including x-ray Diffraction, TEM, FTIR, EDS and SEM. The results showed that, the size of the CNP specimens were in the range of 20–90 nm. Additionally, the silver was uniformly distributed in the SnO2 matrix at 300 °C. Finally, the results of gas sensing revealed that, the CNP annealed at 300 °C had the highest response to H2 gas.