Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protecting young Black female sexuality

Abstract In the USA, Black girls and women face significant health disparities and disproportionately experience violence, racism, discrimination, stereotype messaging and elevated STI/HIV rates. Research shows the importance of familial systems and effective communication in decreasing risky behaviours among Black girls. This grounded theory study explored the sociocultural conditions that influence the process of becoming a sexual Black woman. Analytic results of interviews with 20 Black women identified protection as a major category associated with Black female sexual development and related risk behaviour. This paper describes the role of Black women as protectors of young Black female sexuality, the sociocultural protective strategies they used across the life course and the consequences of absent protection. Findings can inform future evidence-based, culturally sensitive interventions to promote the sexual health and development of Black girls and women in the USA.
Direct muscle neurotization with long acellular nerve allograft: A case report

Nerve repair and nerve transfer are the optimal approaches to restore function to denervated muscle. When the distal‐most portion of the nerve entering the muscle is compromised, these are not possible and direct muscle neurotization (DMN) is considered. We describe the first reported case of DMN with acellular nerve allograft. The patient is a 25 year old male who sustained a blast injury to the patient's proximal leg with segmental injury to the deep peroneal nerve resulting in complete foot drop with 0/5 dorsiflexion and toe extension. Given complete obliteration of the distal nerve, we performed direct neurotization of the tibialis anterior muscle with a 7 cm acellular nerve allograft coapted to the proximal stump of the deep peroneal nerve. At 3 years after surgery, the patient regained 5/5 strength with dorsiflexion and toe extension and normal gait. This case supports the use of acellular nerve allografts to restore function to denervated muscle when the distal nerve stump is not available for nerve repair or transfer and there is a desire to avoid the morbidity of autologous nerve graft harvest.
Proteomic Techniques to Examine Neuronal Translational Dynamics

Impairments in translation have been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Assessing the spatiotemporal dynamics of translation in the context of disease is a major challenge. Recent developments in proteomic analyses have enabled the resolution of nascent peptides in a short timescale on the order of minutes. In addition, a quantitative analysis of translation has progressed in vivo, showing remarkable potential for coupling these techniques with cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Here, we review these modern approaches to measure changes in translation and ribosomal function with a specific focus on current applications in the mammalian brain and in the study of neurodegenerative diseases.
Care Coordination of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Solution-Focused Approach

Abstract The expanding practice of multi-disciplinary care to address the complex nature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) suggests that there is a need for a means of coordinating care that transcends the disciplinary distinctions of relevant ASD treatment providers. As ASD services become more specialized, there is a growing need for effective care coordination with providers across the systems of care. Nursing professionals are ideally qualified to support families affected by ASD, as they provide a necessary holistic lens of health and wellbeing to obtain the appropriate treatments. Solution-focused brief therapy has been applied to a growing number of clinical settings, indicating solution-focused techniques are applicable to the various contexts associated with ASD treatments. We provide a case presentation to demonstrate a solution-focused approach to address ASD-related concerns within the family that are generalizable to coordination of care.
A Strategy to Deliver Precise Oral Doses of the Glucosinolates or Isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera Leaves for Use in Clinical Studies

The tropical tree Moringa oleifera produces high yields of protein-rich leaf biomass, is widely used as a food source, contains an abundance of phytochemicals, and thus has great potential for chronic disease prevention and perhaps, treatment. We have developed and characterized standardized ways of preparing aqueous “teas” from moringa leaves to deliver precisely calibrated levels of phytochemicals for use in clinical trials. These phytochemicals, especially the glucosinolate glucomoringin and the isothiocyanate moringin, produced from it following hydrolysis by the enzyme myrosinase, provide potent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective indirect antioxidant activity. The taste of both hot and cold teas is palatable without the need for flavor masking. These teas can be easily and reproducibly prepared in underserved tropical regions of the world where moringa is cultivated. Isothiocyanate yield from a cold extraction was rapid and essentially complete after 30 min and its anti-inflammatory potential is comparable to that of equimolar purified moringin. A preparation similar to this may be safe to consume with respect to its bacterial titer even after 48 h without refrigeration. Thus, facile delivery of moringa tea to both adults and children for clinical evaluation of their effects on such conditions as autism, diabetes, and hypertension, is now possible.
Assistive robots to improve the independent living of older persons: results from a needs study

Abstract Background More than 70% of elderly people age 80 and older are experiencing problems in personal mobility. Assistive robotics can represent a concrete support providing also a support for caregivers, clinicians and nurses by reducing their burden. Methods A total of 20 older people and 34 caregivers (formal and informal) were interviewed in Italy and the Netherlands to investigate and prioritize their needs concerning the personal mobility domains and their attitudes towards assistive robots. The data were analysed from a user point of view by means of thematic content analysis by underlying recurrent topics. Results The results revealed four categories of needs from the perspective of the older individuals: instrumental needs, rehabilitation needs, personal safety and indoor activities of daily life. Additionally, the results underline how personal mobility issues influence different aspects of daily life. Complementarily, three categories of caregiver needs were also distinguished: instrumental needs, rehabilitation monitoring needs and checkup needs. The highest percentage of participants showed a positive expectation towards assistive robotics. Conclusions The results were clustered according to the robot abilities (i.e., motion, interaction, manipulation, decision support and perception abilities) as a list of functional and technical requirements that should be developed to address all the needs related to the personal mobility. Robotic developer teams that work in this context could take advantage of this research. Additionally, this work can be used as a basis for clinicians and nurses working in geriatric units to understand how the robots can support and enhance their work. Implications for rehabilitation The incidence of personal mobility limitations affects 35% of adults age 70 and older and 72% of people over 80 years of age. Assistive robots can support elderly people during daily tasks: they could promote their personal mobility acting as a supporting tool. The results of the needs analysis revealed four categories of needs from the perspective of the older individuals: instrumental needs, rehabilitation needs, personal safety, and indoor activities of daily life. Three categories of caregiver needs were also distinguished: instrumental needs, rehabilitation monitoring needs, and check-up needs.
Analysis–Synthesis Learning With Shared Features: Algorithms for Histology Image Classification

Objective: The diversity of tissue structure in histopathological images makes feature extraction for classification a challenging task. Dictionary learning within a sparse representation-based classification (SRC) framework has been shown to be successful for feature discovery. However, there exist stiff practical challenges: 1) computational complexity of SRC can be onerous in the decision stage since it involves solving a sparsity constrained optimization problem and often over a large number of image patches; and 2) images from distinct classes continue to share several geometric features. We propose a novel analysis–synthesis model learning with shared features algorithm (ALSF) for classifying such images more effectively. Methods: In the ALSF, a joint analysis and synthesis learning model is introduced to learn the classifier and the feature extractor at the same time. Unlike SRC, no explicit optimization is needed in the inference phase leading to much reduced computation. Crucially, we introduce the learning of a low-rank shared dictionary and a shared analysis operator, which more accurately represents both similarities and differences in histopathological images from distinct classes. We also develop an extension of ALSF with a sparsity constraint, whose presence or absence facilitates a cost–performance tradeoff. Results: The ALSF is evaluated on three challenging and well-known datasets: 1) spleen tissue images; 2) brain tumor images; and 3) breast cancer tissue dataset, provided by different organizations. Conclusion: Experimental results demonstrate both complexity and performance benefits of the ALSF over state-of-the-art alternatives. Significance: Modeling shared features with appropriate quantitative constraints lead to significantly improved classification in histopathology.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between peripheral inflammatory cytokines and generalised anxiety disorder

Objective Inflammation has been implicated in the aetiology of mental illness. We conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between peripheral markers of inflammation and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies measuring peripheral cytokine levels in people with GAD compared with controls. Data sources MEDLINE (1950–), EMBASE (1947–), PsycINFO (1872–) and Web of Science (1945–) databases up until January 2018. Eligibility criteria Primary, quantitative research studies of people with a diagnosis of GAD assessed using a standardised clinical interview that measured peripheral inflammatory markers. Data extraction and synthesis Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed study quality. Meta-analysis using a random-effects model was conducted for individual cytokines where data from three or more studies were available. Results 14 of 1718 identified studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 1188 patients with GAD and 10 623 controls. In total 16 cytokines were evaluated. Significantly raised levels of C reactive protein (CRP), interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α were reported in patients with GAD compared with controls in two or more studies. Ten further proinflammatory cytokines were reported to be significantly raised in GAD in at least one study. However, 5 of 14 studies found no difference in the levels of at least one cytokine. Only CRP studies reported sufficient data for meta-analysis. CRP was significantly higher in people with GAD compared with controls, with a small effect size (Cohen’s d=0.38, 0.06–0.69), comparable with that reported in schizophrenia. However, heterogeneity was high (I2=75%), in keeping with meta-analyses of inflammation in other psychiatric conditions and reflecting differences in participant medication use, comorbid depression and cytokine sampling methodology. Conclusion There is preliminary evidence to suggest an inflammatory response in GAD, but it remains unclear whether inflammatory cytokines play a role in the aetiology. GAD remains a poorly studied area of neuroinflammation compared with other mental disorders, and further longitudinal studies are required.
E-cient Calculation of Vehicular Antennas' Radiation Patterns

The problem of surface-wire is analyzed by the moment method which is accelerated by multilevel fast mutipole algorithm (MLFMA). The radiation patterns of vehicular antenna is calculated e-ciently by the method, which has a certain signiflcance for the rapid analysis and the calculation of the vehicular antennas' performance. 1. INTRODUCTION The wire antennas mounted on the metal carrier are concerned by people for a long time. They are applied on large aircraft, ships as small as cell phones, and other mobile communications devices. The problem of wire antennas mounted on all types of carriers is analyzed accurately by the moment method based on integral equation. However, when calculating the large carrier such as vehicular antennas, the traditional method of moment will consume a very long time. To improve the algorithm and accelerate the speed of calculation, multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) (1) is adopted. MLFMA is the multilevel application of FMM and can speed up the matrix-vector multiplication, which reduces the computational complexity, both memory requirement and CPU time, to O(N logN) for an N-unknown problem. In this paper, the problem of vehicular antennas is analyzed and calculated e-ciently by the method, and the calculated results agree well with the simulation results of Ansoft HFSS, which indicates that the analytical expressions derived in this paper are correct. The method has a certain signiflcance for the rapid analysis and the calculation of the vehicular antennas' performance. 2. PROBLEM DESCRIPTION For the problem of vehicular antennas, the traditional method of moment (MOM) will spend more time due to the larger vehicle body size. MLFMA algorithm can greatly improve the e-ciency of the calculation. The calculation example in this paper is shown in Fig. 1. The length, width, height of the vehicle body are 4.6m, 2m, 1.2m, respectively. One monopole is mounted on the top of the body, its length is 0.25m, the operation frequency is 300MHz.
Fabrication of Porous Gold Film Using Graphene Oxide as a Sacrificial Layer

An original and simple fabrication process to produce thin porous metal films on selected substrates is reported. The fabrication process includes the deposition of a thin layer of gold on a substrate, spin coating of a graphene oxide dispersion, etching the gold film through the graphene oxide layer, and removing the graphene oxide layer. The porosity of the thin gold film is controlled by varying the etching time, the thickness of the gold film, and the concentration of the graphene oxide dispersion. Images by scanning electron and metallurgical microscopes show a continuous gold film with random porosity formed on the substrate with a porosity size ranging between hundreds of nanometers to tens of micrometers. This general approach enables the fabrication of porous metal films using conventional microfabrication techniques. The proposed process is implemented to fabricate electrodes with patterned porosity that are used in a microfluidic system to manipulate living cells under dielectrophoresis. Porous electrodes are found to enhance the magnitude and spatial distribution of the dielectrophoretic force.
Workshop of European Task Force on Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw.Current challenges.

This paper reports on the conclusions of two workshops held in Copenhagen in September 2017 and November 2018 focused on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). The workshops were organized and attended by a European task force on MRONJ, i.e. a multidisciplinary group of European clinical investigators with a special interest in the diagnosis and management of MRONJ and a track record of relevant research and publications. The aim of the workshops were to (i) highlight some of the most controversial aspects of current knowledge on MRONJ, including definition and classification, risk factors and management, and (ii) provide an expert opinion-based consensus with a view to inform clinicians and advise researchers, as a first step of reaching solutions. It should be pointed out that all results and comments presented are the authors (the workshop group members) personal views and the present form of this publication is based on genuine consensus of all authors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The human 18S rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 is stabilized by TRMT112

Abstract N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has recently been found abundantly on messenger RNA and shown to regulate most steps of mRNA metabolism. Several important m6A methyltransferases have been described functionally and structurally, but the enzymes responsible for installing one m6A residue on each subunit of human ribosomes at functionally important sites have eluded identification for over 30 years. Here, we identify METTL5 as the enzyme responsible for 18S rRNA m6A modification and confirm ZCCHC4 as the 28S rRNA modification enzyme. We show that METTL5 must form a heterodimeric complex with TRMT112, a known methyltransferase activator, to gain metabolic stability in cells. We provide the first atomic resolution structure of METTL5–TRMT112, supporting that its RNA-binding mode differs distinctly from that of other m6A RNA methyltransferases. On the basis of similarities with a DNA methyltransferase, we propose that METTL5–TRMT112 acts by extruding the adenosine to be modified from a double-stranded nucleic acid.
Novel Adaptive Finite-Time Control of Teleoperation System With Time-Varying Delays and Input Saturation

In this paper, two novel adaptive finite-time control schemes are proposed for position tracking of nonlinear teleoperation system, which dynamic uncertainties, actuator saturation, and time-varying communication delays are considered. First, a novel auxiliary variable is designed to provide more stable performance. The radial basis function (RBF) neural network is introduced to estimate dynamic uncertainties. Second, two adaptive finite-time control schemes are investigated. In control scheme I, the RBF neural network and the gain switching strategy are applied to compensate the actuator saturation. In control scheme II, an auxiliary compensation filter and the compensation adaptive update laws, which contain the finite-time structure, are developed for dealing with saturation. Third, the finite-time adaptive controller is designed in each of these two control schemes. Based on the multiple Lyapunov function method, the closed-loop teleoperation system with these two control methods is proved to be bounded and finite-time stability. Finally, the simulation experiments are performed and the comparisons with other control methods are shown. The effectiveness of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated.
Effective Visual Communication for the Quantitative Scientist

Effective visual communication is a core competency for pharmacometricians, statisticians, and, more generally, any quantitative scientist. It is essential in every step of a quantitative workflow, from scoping to execution and communicating results and conclusions. With this competency, we can better understand data and influence decisions toward appropriate actions. Without it, we can fool ourselves and others and pave the way to wrong conclusions and actions. The goal of this tutorial is to convey this competency. We posit three laws of effective visual communication for the quantitative scientist: have a clear purpose, show the data clearly, and make the message obvious. A concise “Cheat Sheet,” available on https://graphicsprinciples.github. io, distills more granular recommendations for everyday practical use. Finally, these laws and recommendations are illustrated in four case studies.
The intrinsic collective X-ray spectrum of luminous high-mass X-ray binaries

Using a sample of two hundred luminous (L_unabs>10^38 erg/s, where L_unabs is the unabsorbed 0.25-8 keV luminosity) high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) candidates found with Chandra in 27 nearby galaxies, we have constructed the collective X-ray spectrum of HMXBs in the local Universe per unit star formation rate, corrected for observational biases associated with intrinsic diversity of HMXB spectra and X-ray absorption in the interstellar medium. This spectrum is well fit by a power law with a photon index Gamma=2.1+/-0.1 and is dominated by ultraluminous X-ray sources with L_unabs>10^39 erg/s. Hard sources (those with the 0.25-2 keV to 0.25-8 keV flux ratio of 0.95, respectively) at lower energies. The derived spectrum probably represents the angle-integrated X-ray emission of the near- and super-critically accreting stellar mass black holes and neutron stars in the local Universe. It provides an important constraint on supercritical accretion models and can be used as a reference spectrum for calculations of the X-ray preheating of the Universe by the first generations of X-ray binaries.
Enhanced activity of soil nutrient-releasing enzymes after plant invasion: a meta-analysis.

Plant invasion can significantly alter soil nutrient cycling of ecosystems. How these changes are linked to soil enzyme activities is still unknown, however, even though these are proximate agents of organic matter decomposition and nutrient release. We performed a meta-analysis of 60 case studies examining responses of 10 unique soil enzymes to plant invasion, and tested whether invaded soils differed in their enzyme activities from uninvaded soils. We also examined whether increases in soil nutrient-releasing enzyme activity were paralleled by enhanced soil nutrient availability after plant invasion. Overall, we found that plant invasion had significant impacts on the activities of 7 types of soil enzymes. Plant invasion had inconsistent impacts on C decomposing enzymes, but invaded sites had significantly higher activities of soil enzymes related to N- and P-release than non-invaded sites. Increases in nutrient-releasing enzyme activity after plant invasion ranged from +23% to +69%, which potentially results in a linear increase of soil nutrient availability in response to enhanced enzyme activities. Invaded soils also had higher nutrient stocks and soil microbial biomass than uninvaded soils. Our results suggest that enhanced activity of soil nutrient-releasing enzymes after plant invasion may accelerate nutrient cycling, potentially creating a nutrient-rich soil environment that benefits invaders and promotes their persistence as invasive plants often appear to be more resource-demanding and competitive than native species. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Dual function of VGLL4 in muscle regeneration

VGLL4 has previously been identified as a negative regulator of YAP. Here we show that VGLL4 regulates muscle regeneration in both YAP‐dependent and YAP‐independent manners at different stages. Knockout of VGLL4 in mice leads to smaller myofiber size and defective muscle contraction force. Furthermore, our studies reveal that knockout of VGLL4 results in increased muscle satellite cells proliferation and impaired myoblast differentiation, which ultimately leads to delayed muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, the results show that VGLL4 works as a conventional repressor of YAP at the proliferation stage of muscle regeneration. At the differentiation stage, VGLL4 acts as a co‐activator of TEAD4 to promote MyoG transactivation and facilitate the initiation of differentiation in a YAP‐independent manner. Moreover, VGLL4 stabilizes the protein–protein interactions between MyoD and TEAD4 to achieve efficient MyoG transactivation. Our findings define the dual roles of VGLL4 in regulating muscle regeneration at different stages and may open novel therapeutic perspectives for muscle regeneration.