Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrating life cycle assessment of space systems into the concurrent design process

Recent commitments by national and international bodies towards environmental problems has allowed a range of mitigation measures and key sustainability issues to filter down and become embedded in a growing number of industrial and commercial sectors. Notwithstanding this, space operations have often been overlooked in key legislation or regulatory requirements, with the result that the environmental impact of such activities were often disregarded or ignored. Over the last few years things have begun to change as interest has intensified in the transparency and accountability needed from the space industry in order to fully understand and articulate its effects on the environment. This has led to the development of an environmental management tool called Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) which is increasingly being adopted by the space industry to assess the full environmental impact of their products and practices over their entire life cycle. The European Space Agency (ESA) began work on this topic in 2009 by employing an internal concurrent design study called ECOSAT to consider the life cycle impact of the design, manufacturing, launch and operations of a satellite. One of the key findings of this study revealed that existing terrestrial focussed LCA databases lacked the scope and capacity to conduct such advanced assessments due to the unique and specialist nature of space sector operations. To overcome this, ESA has continued to develop LCA methodology within the space sector to the point where it is now looking at introducing it into the design of future spacecraft and space systems. This indicates the manner in which the design and execution of European space missions will likely proceed. Running alongside this green movement, the New Space trend is predicted to introduce large numbers of small satellites into the space environment which will substantially alter environmental and societal impacts. This paper presents an open-source LCA platform currently under development at the University of Strathclyde, outlining its integration into the concurrent design process of next generation green space systems. The LCA platform includes extreme scale systems from large constellations of nanosats to solar power satellites. Both extremes have in common the need of massive production cycles. The integration of LCA into the design process allows one to minimise the environmental impact and define new optimality criteria for the space system.
The Macroeconomic Determinants of Remittances Received in Four Regions

This paper will analyze the macroeconomic determinants of remittances received for four regions: (1) East Asia and Pacific (EAP), (2) Latin America and Caribbean (LAC), (3) Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and (4) South Asia (SA). In order to better capture developing countries in these regions, high-income countries are excluded from all regions (Table 1). The macroeconomic determinants in each region will be found using multiple regression analysis and yearly remittance data from 1970 through 2016. Past findings have identified a wide variety of significant macroeconomic variables that influence remittances received by the home country. This article is available in The Park Place Economist: https://digitalcommons.iwu. edu/parkplace/vol26/iss1/14
Characteristics of destination image: visitors and non-visitors’ images of London

Purpose This paper aims to explore the characteristics (i.e. complex, specific) of destination image as perceived by visitors and non-visitors to a tourist place. Design/methodology/approach Overall, 42 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Czech and Greek visitors and non-visitors to London, the UK. From the 21 interviews in each country, 11 conducted with visitors and 10 with non-visitors to London. Findings A number of characteristics of the image of London were identified that differed across visitors and non-visitors, irrespective of respondents’ nationality, including accuracy, specificity, completeness and complexity. Research limitations/implications The characteristics of image of different types of destinations (i.e. rural, seaside resorts) need to be assessed in the future, as this paper focused on a well-known urban destination. Practical implications This paper provides support for effective and innovative solutions to place marketing and branding of tourist destinations. For example, greater complexity and more specific images should be used to attract the repeating visitors market. Originality/value The paper’s originality lies in providing a better understanding of the characteristics of destination image, as perceived by visitors and non-visitors to a tourist place.
Phylogeographic patterns of trans‐Amazonian vicariants and Amazonian biogeography: the Neotropical rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus complex) as an example

Aim To investigate the phylogeography and execute a historical‐demographic analysis of the Neotropical rattlesnake, Crotalus durissus, thereby testing the hypothesis of a Pleistocene central Amazon corridor of dry forest or savanna that partitioned the Amazonian rain forest into western and eastern portions.
Characterization and testing of a new environmental chamber

Abstract. A 29 m3 Teflon chamber, designed for studies on the aging of combustion aerosols, at the University of Eastern Finland is described and characterized. The chamber is part of a research facility, called Ilmari, where small-scale combustion devices, a dynamometer for vehicle exhaust studies, dilution systems, the chamber, and cell and animal exposure devices are located side by side under the same roof. The small surface-to-volume ratio of the chamber enables reasonably long experiment times, with particle wall loss rate constants of 0.088, 0.080, 0.045, and 0.040 h−1 for polydisperse, 50, 100, and 200 nm monodisperse aerosols, respectively. The NO2 photolysis rate can be adjusted from 0 to 0.62 min−1. The irradiance spectrum is centered at either 350 or 365 nm, and the maximum irradiance, produced by up to 160 blacklight lamps, is 29.7 W m−2, which corresponds to the ultraviolet (UV) irradiance in Central Finland at noon on a sunny day in the midsummer. The temperature inside the chamber is uniform and can be kept at 25±1 °C. The chamber is kept in an overpressure with a moving top frame, which reduces sample dilution and entrance of contamination during an experiment. The functionality of the chamber was tested with oxidation experiments of toluene, resulting in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yields of 12–42%, depending on the initial conditions, such as NOx concentration and UV irradiation. The highest gaseous oxidation product yields of 12.4–19.5% and 5.8–19.5% were detected with ions corresponding to methyl glyoxal (m/z 73.029) and 4-oxo-2-pentenal (m/z 99.044), respectively. Overall, reasonable yields of SOA and gaseous reaction products, comparable to those obtained in other laboratories, were obtained.
Phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of medlar fruits (Mespilus germanica L.).

Eleven medlar ( Mespilus germanica L.) genotypes sampled from Turkey were analyzed for their fruit weight, fruit dimensions, fruit firmness, ostiole diameter, shape index, skin color, moisture (%), ash (%), reducing sugar (%), crude protein (%), pH, soluble solid content (%), vitamin C (mg/100 g), minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn), total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity. A wide variation among genotypes on most of the searched parameters was evident. Fruit weight varied from 11.21 g to 33.24 g indicating high variability among genotypes. Determination of antioxidant activities by β-carotene–linoleic acid and 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assays resulted in average 80.8%, and 46.6 μg/ml FW DPPH, respectively. The total phenolic contents of eleven medlar genotypes varied from 114 to 293 mg gallic acid equivalent in 100 g fresh weight basis. The medlar fruits were found to be rich in terms of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron.
Shakhbazian compact galaxy groups IV. Photometric and spectroscopic study of ShCG 8, ShCG 14, ShCG 19, ShCG 22

We present the results of a detailed spectroscopic and photometric study of four Shakhbazian compact groups: ShCG 8, ShCG 14, ShCG 19, and ShCG 22. We determined the redshifts of member galaxies and radial velocity dispersions of groups. We also studied the distribution of the surface brightness of member galaxies in R and determined their morphological types. The profiles of the surface brightness versus semi-major axis, the curves of isophotal twisting, and Fourier parameter a4 are constructed. We found that some members of groups are in the process of interaction. We determined physical parameters of groups: virial masses, luminosities, mass-to-luminosity ratios, and the crossing times. On the basis of the results obtained in this and our previous works, the general properties of 22 ShCGs are discussed.
Influence of substratum heterogeneity scales and complexity on a temperate epibenthic marine community

The influence of 4 scales of substratum heterogeneity on the establishment of a temperate sessile marine epibenthic community (Beaufort, North Carolina, USA) was examined over a period of 1 yr. Artificial panels with crevices representing 4 scales of heterogeneity of 0, 1, 10 and 100 mm and with combinations of these crevices representing 4 levels of complexity (0+1+ 10, 0+1+100, 0+10+100 and 0+1+10+100 mm) were deployed in January 1991 and sampled in March, June, September 1991, and January 1992. Significant temporal changes in abundance (% cover) and species dominance were observed during each sample period. Initially (within 5 mo after immersion), significantly lower abundances occurred on panels with the 1 mm scale compared with panels without this scale. Changes in diversity appeared to be related mainly to the 100 mm scale of heterogeneity regardless of the complexity level: diversity values found on panels which included the 100 mm crevices were initially low, but exceeded that of all other panels by January (1 yr after immersion). In summary, panel complexity was not the major factor influencing community structure, but the scale of heterogeneity (1 mm for abundances and 100 mm for diversity) had important and significant effects. These results indicate the specific importance of the 1 mm scale not only during the larval settlement phase but also during the development of the community. We compared these results with laboratory experiments using inert particles and similar panels, whose results suggest that larval behaviour is involved in the selection of settlement sites.
Recolouring digital textile printing design with high fidelity

An algorithm of recolouring of polychromatic digital textile printing images is proposed based on the investigation of texture and colour distribution in different channels and image segmentation. A polychromatic image is first separated into monochromatic regions based on watershed transformation in CIELAB colour space. The initial markers are selected by hierarchical histogram analysis to eliminate the inherent drawbacks of over-segmentation in the watershed algorithm. Then the individual monochromatic regions can be mapped with different colours to obtain desirable designs. The artefacts in the boundaries of different regions are reduced by a technique of colour mixing through Gaussian blurring. The experimental simulation results indicated that the performance of the algorithm was quite good in both texture and colour fidelity.
Stripping and Sluicing in Japanese and Some Implications

(1) a. John met someone, but I don’t know who. (See Ross 1969.) b. John-wa dareka-ni atta rasii ga, -TOP someone-DAT met seem but boku-wa dare(-ni) ka wakaranai. I-TOP who -DAT Q know:not (See Inoue 1978:56.) ‘It seems that John met someone, but I don’t know who. ’ The case-marker on the wh-phrase is optional as indicated.1 We will call forms like (1b) with a case-marker ‘C(ase-)M(arked)-sluicing’ and those without any ‘Non-CM-sluicing’.
Behavioral Inhibition Improvement Through an Emotional Working Memory (EWM) Training Intervention in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

The study was undertaken to examine the effects of a short-term Emotional Working Memory (EWM) training program on executive reaction of time and executive functions. The sample of 20 children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was randomly assigned to a EWM training (n = 11) and an active control group (n = 9). Our study hypothesized that an increase in ADHD inattention and ADHD impulsive during the first weeks of the referral would lead to weak executive functions in the control group, but not in the EWM training group, due to the EWM intervention. The results revealed the beneficial effects of executive functions in the EWM group, but not in the control group. According to our data, executive reaction ability of time increased in the EWM training group but remained unchanged in the control group. Even a rather short intervention of 1.5h can protect children with ADHD from weak executive functions at the beginning of the referral.
Aseismic deformation in the Alps: GPS vs. seismic strain quantification

Neotectonics of the Western and Central Alps is characterized by ongoing widespread extension in the highest zones of the chain and transcurrent/compressive tectonics at the external limits of the belt. The overall geodetically measured deformations also indicate extension across the Western Alps. There is a good qualitative coherency between seismotectonic and geodetic approaches. Here we attempt to quantify the seismic part of the deformation. The seismic strain is compared to the deformation derived from geodesy. In sub‐areas of homogeneous seismic stress/strain, we computed the total seismic moment tensor and related strain tensor. This study provides new quantitative elements about the ongoing geodynamic processes in the alpine belt. The important discrepancies obtained between seismic strains and geodetically‐measured deformations raise the issue of aseismic deformation in the Alps, which could be related to elastic loading, creeping and/or a slower ductile‐style deformation.
The Effect of Labour Turnover in Brewery Industries in Nigeria (A Study of Guinness Brewery Industries Plc and Bendel Brewery Ltd in Benin City

This research study investigated the effect of labour turnover in Brewery industries in Nigeria. Labour turnover is a costly problem and an economic drain to Brewing Industries. Labour turnover costs Brewing industries in Nigeria huge sum of money in recruiting and training replacements. Additional costs are incured through new employees that are more subject to accidents, causes more breakages and make more errors than experienced worker. Brewing industries incur losses through reduced production, work disruption and increases scrap and over-time as a result of departed workers. A cross-sectional survey was utilized to collect data for answering research questionnaires and testing hypothesis in this research work. The data collected from questionnaire instrument were also analyzed using percentage. The research finding showed that the effect of labour turnover were reduced production, increase cost of recruitment, work disruption, increased scrap and overtime and additional labour turnover. Reduced production was found to have the foremost effect on labour turnover and this affects output and profit. A comparison of the effect of labour turnover between Bendel Brewery and Guinness Brewery showed that Bendel Brewery rated increase cost of recruitment and training replacements as the major effect of labour turnover while Guineas Brewery rated reduced production. The variables that were hypothetically tested as the causes of turnover had significant effect on brewery industries in Nigeria.
A Numerical Study on Using Air Cooler Heat Exchanger for Low Grade Energy Recovery from Exhaust Flue Gas in Natural Gas Pressure Reduction Stations

Heat EXchangers (HEX) that are used in City Gate Station (CGS) systems are modeled numerically to recover the exhaust waste heat. It was tried to find the best viscous model to obtain results in accordance with experimental results and to change the heat exchanger design. This HEX is used for recovering heat from exhaust flue gas with a mixture of 40% water and 60% ethylene glycol as the cooling fluid. Then, the effects of sizes and numbers of fins and tube rows on recovered heat rate were investigated under various pump speeds. As the first step in solving the problem, SST k–ω and RNG k–e suitable viscous models were chosen for these kinds of problems. Secondly, a new HEX is designed at a fixed coolant speed, pipe and fin thickness, and shell dimension because of operational constraints. Finally, the best HEX with the minimum pressure drop (minimum fin number) is numerically analyzed, and the new HEX specifications were extracted.
Modelling of Hysteresis in Vibration Control Systems by means of the Bouc-Wen Model

The review presents developments concerning the modelling of vibration control systems with hysteresis. In particular, the review focuses on applications of the Bouc-Wen model that describes accurate hysteretic behaviour in vibration control devices. The review consists of theoretical aspects of the Bouc-Wen model, identification procedures, and applications in vibration control.
Effects Of Background Data Duration On Speaker Verification Performance

Gauss karisim modeli genel arka plan modeli (GKM-GAM) ve vektor nicemleme genel arka plan modeli (VN-GAM) konusmaci dogrulamada sik kullanilan iki yontemdir. Genellikle GAM modeli fazla sayida farkli konusmacinin bulundugu bir kumeden secilen saatlerce uzunluktaki ses isaretleri kullanilarak egitilir. Bu calismada, GAM modelinin egitiminde kullanilan veri miktarinin metinden bagimsiz konusmaci dogrulama performansina etkisi incelenmektedir. NIST 2002 konusmaci tanima degerlendirme veritabani ile GKM-GAM ve VN-GAM yontemleri kullanilarak yapilan deneysel calismalar arka plan modelini egitmek icin kullanilan veri miktarinin konusmaci tanima performansina cok fazla etkisinin olmadigi gorulmustur
Transcriptomics: A time-efficient tool with wide applications in crop and animal biotechnology

Transcriptomics is the study of RNA profile inside the cells at a given time point. Besides coding RNA, cells have the important regulatory non-coding RNA sequences also. It is not as simple as thought to study the transcriptome of a cell owing to its complexity. But, the recent advances in transcriptomic technologies have made it possible to characterize the transcriptome of a living cell and unravel molecular basis to help in the strategic improvement of both crop and animal production. Transcriptomics in recent years has extended to the vast range of agriculture and animal systems being studied thereby bridging the gap between the two sectors. There is always a scope to introduce newer methods to cover up the shortcoming of earlier technologies and allow for more detailed information of basic research questions.
Wideband crossed planar monopole antenna with the band‐notched characteristic

A novel wideband crossed planar monopole antenna having the band‐notched characteristic is presented. The proposed antenna consist of a wideband crossed planar monopole and multiple U‐shaped slots, producing band‐notched characteristic. In order to generate the band‐notched characteristic on a crossed planar monopole, we propose that two or four U‐shaped slots be required. This technique is suitable for creating an ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna with a narrow frequency notch or a multiband antenna. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 543–545, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21403
Finding Irony: An Introduction of the Verbal Irony Procedure (VIP)

This article introduces the Verbal Irony Procedure (VIP), a first systematic method for identifying irony in natural discourse. The first section discusses previous operationalizations of irony and demonstrates that these are not explicit about which criteria were used to separate irony from non-irony. The second section argues why irony can be defined as an “utterance with a literal evaluation that is implicitly contrary to its intended evaluation. ” This section also explains why ironic utterances can be placed on an evaluation scale. In the third section, clauses are proposed as a good unit of analysis when looking at irony in natural discourse. The different steps of the VIP are then introduced in the fourth section and subsequently applied in a sample analysis of a natural text in the fifth section. The sixth section discusses a reliability analysis of the VIP protocol. The article ends with an outlook on how future research on verbal irony might benefit from applying the VIP.
Assessing Plasticity : The Populations Responsible for the Epithelial Engraftment on Marrow-Derived Cells

Bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) have significant plasticity allowing them to give rise to various non-hematopoietic cell types including epithelial cells of the lung, liver, gut, and skin. These findings offer tremendous possibilities for the use of cell therapy to treat tissue injury and disease. However, the specific populations of cells responsible for this phenomenon are still unclear with considerable controversy over the mechanism of this transformation. In this study, we sought to compare the epithelial engraftment ability of two populations enriched for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), specifically the fractionated, lineage-depleted, and homed subset (FLH) and the lineage-Sca-1+c-Kit+ sorted population (LSK), to whole bone marrow (WBM). Plasticity capability was assessed by examining the engraftment of type II (T2) pneumocytes in the lung following sex-mismatched bone marrow transplantation in mice. The recipient mice were knockouts of surfactant protein C (SPC), a T2-specific protein, thereby allowing detection of the transplanted wild-type cells in the lung using immunofluorescence for SPC on paraffin sections and cytospins. Additionally, quantitative PCR (qPCR) for SPC transcripts provided a sensitive method of detecting engraftment of these BMDCs. Our data suggest that the FLH and LSK populations engraft in the lung at least as well as the control WBM. Despite our effective detection techniques, only exceedingly rare donor-derived T2 cells could be found by both microscopy and qPCR. Therefore, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) of the digested lung was tested and found to be reliable in isolating and enriching for these conversion events. Vav ancestry mice were also utilized in a similar transplantation model to directly evaluate the engraftment ability of the hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic fractions of the bone marrow. Preliminarily, the hematopoietic populations showed higher levels of epithelial engraftment by both immunofluorescence and qPCR. Interestingly, a second dose of targeted lung irradiation was necessary to elicit this effect suggesting that greater levels of tissue damage may be necessary for this model's success. When taken as a whole, our results seem to implicate HSC subpopulations as enriched for highly plastic cells which are able to engraft as T2 cells in the lung. The mechanism behind this conversion still remains to be studied but we hypothesize that both cell fusion and incidental entrapment of transplanted BMDCs are responsible.