Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modification of the Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique for the Treatment of Chronic and Large Macular Holes.

Modification of the Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique for the Treatment of Chronic and Large Macular Holes Surgical strategies for the treatment of macular holes aim to relieve vitreo-foveal traction and promote flattening and reapposition of the macular hole edges by intraocular gas tamponade. Surgical treatment of an idiopathic macular hole is one of the most successful operations in vitreo-retinal surgery with closure rates of 90% to 98%. However, this is dependent on factors such as the macular hole diameter, duration, age, and associated pathology. Chronic and large macular holes have the poorest surgical outcomes with closure rates of 40% to 83%. Different techniques have been used to improve the closure rates of such holes with variable success. In 2010, an inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique was reported to increase the anatomical closure rates of large macular holes (minimum diameter . 400 mm) to 98% with corresponding functional improvement. This technique is thought to prevent the postoperative development of a flat-open configuration that is common with large macular hole closure and limits visual outcome. This technique; however, is associated with a steep learning curve, and is limited by difficulty in maintaining the inverted ILM flap inside the hole during fluid-air exchange. We describe here a technique that uses the principle of ILM folding to aid macular hole closure, with modifications that improve retention of the ILM flap on the macular surface, and that render the procedure suitable for redo cases where there is no ILM bordering the macular hole. Methods
Electrochemical sensors.

This review covers scholarly articles published in 2008 and 2009 related to the field of electrochemical sensors. Emphasis was given to full papers reporting on fundamental advances in reference electrodes, potentiometric, voltammetric, and biosensors as well as reviews covering these fields. Papers were selected by conducting keyword searches of SciFinder Scholar/CAS and ISI Web of Knowledge and by scouring the tables of contents of select analytical journals for relevant electrochemical sensor topics. Only reviews and original articles written in English were considered. Due to space, our review represents only a sample of the total body of literature. The selection of references was focused on those reporting new theory, sensing techniques, or materials, rather than applications of previously developed sensors. Furthermore, hybrid techniques or analytical methodologies employing electrochemical sensors for analyte detection (e.g., electrophoresis or chromatography) were also excluded to maintain focus on new sensor advances. limit of 0.30 ppm. The utility of the sensor was demonstrated by determining Co(II) ion concentrations in waste water and beer samples.
Occult bone marrow involvement in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: results of a pilot study

Aims: It is known that advanced stage disease in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) confers a poor prognosis, and staging investigations are routinely performed at diagnosis, including a bone marrow (BM) biopsy. However, examination of the BM is usually limited to routine light microscopy, with the role of ancillary investigations remaining unestablished. The aim of this pilot study was to estimate the incidence of occult marrow involvement using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements, and to determine the impact on survival. Methods: Clinical and pathological data were obtained on 36 patients diagnosed with DLBCL. Immunohistochemistry using CD3, CD45RO, CD20 and CD79a, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to look for IgH gene rearrangements were performed on formalin fixed BM trephines. Results: Nine patients had morphologically apparent BM involvement. Occult marrow involvement was found in seven of 36 (19.4%) patients using the additional diagnostic modalities. When these cases were included with morphologically apparent cases in a proposed new definition of marrow involvement, the median survival of patients with BM involvement was statistically worse (p = 0.02) than those without involvement. Conclusions: The results indicate that use of additional tests on BM at diagnosis can upstage disease for a proportion of patients, which appears to correlate adversely with survival.
Molecular alterations in pancreatic carcinoma: expression profiling shows that dysregulated expression of S100 genes is highly prevalent

In order to expand our understanding of the molecular changes underlying the complex pathology of pancreatic malignancy, global gene expression profiling of pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared with normal pancreatic tissue was performed. Human cDNA arrays comprising 9932 elements were interrogated with fluorescence‐labelled normal and adenocarcinoma samples (nine tumours, three normal pancreata, and three cell lines). The data were analysed for differential gene expression, which was confirmed by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), digital differential display (DDD) analysis, and immunohistochemistry for selected cases. The array data were filtered to produce lists of a total of 75 genes significantly up‐regulated or down‐regulated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Two of those showing the highest differential were members of the S100 family of Ca‐binding proteins, namely S100P and S100A6, and therefore the S100 genes were studied in more detail. By immunohistochemical analysis of custom‐built, pancreas‐specific tissue arrays and commercially available, normal/cancer tissue arrays that included a wide variety of different tumour types, differential expression of S100P protein was found to be almost exclusive to pancreatic cancer. S100P could therefore represent a useful biomarker for pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Termination of Ca2+ release during Ca2+ sparks in rat ventricular myocytes

1 Confocal Ca2+ imaging was used to measure spontaneous release events (Ca2+ sparks) in fluo‐3‐loaded isolated rat ventricular myocytes. 2 The microscopic Ca2+ release flux underlying Ca2+ sparks was derived by adapting the methods used previously to describe macroscopic Ca2+ release from cell‐averaged Ca2+ transients. 3 The magnitude of the local release fluxes varied from 2 to 5 μM ms−1, depending on SR Ca2+ loading conditions. Following spontaneous activation, the release flux rapidly decayed (τ= 6–12 ms). The rate of termination of release flux was found to be directly related to the magnitude of the flux (r2= 0.88). 4 The rate of termination of local release flux was slowed in the presence of FK506, a compound that is known to reduce inactivation of SR Ca2+ channels in vitro. 5 These results suggest that termination of release flux during sparks is not due to a spontaneous stochastic decay process or local depletion of Ca2+ from the SR, but rather involves an active extinguishing mechanism such as Ca2+‐dependent inactivation or adaptation.
From METAL to T1: Systems and Components for Machine Translation Applications

This paper describes the progress which has been made to make MT systems usable in professional environments. After many years of significant investment, it was decided that the time was ripe for the METAL machine translation system to be better positioned in the market place. Two lines of action were followed: Introducing the system onto the PC market, using the GMS-T1 as a concrete example; Reusing system components in customized solutions, using the AVENTINUS project as an example, which is a multilingual information processing application. Both lines of action have far-reaching consequences for system development. But they also create new opportunities to improve the system's capabilities and flexibility.
Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2016 Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder

Background: The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) conducted a revision of the 2009 guidelines by updating the evidence and recommendations. The scope of the 2016 guidelines remains the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults, with a target audience of psychiatrists and other mental health professionals. Methods: Using the question-answer format, we conducted a systematic literature search focusing on systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Evidence was graded using CANMAT-defined criteria for level of evidence. Recommendations for lines of treatment were based on the quality of evidence and clinical expert consensus. This section on “Special Populations” is the sixth of six guidelines articles. Results: Recent studies inform the treatment of MDD in children and adolescents, pregnant and breastfeeding women, women in perimenopause or menopause, and the elderly. Evidence for efficacy of treatments in these populations is more limited than for the general adult population, however, and risks of treatment in these groups are often poorly studied and reported. Conclusions: Despite the limited evidence base, extant data and clinical experience suggest that each of these special populations can benefit from the systematic application of treatment guidelines for treatment of MDD.
The Ion-Channel Laser

A relativistic electron beam propagating through a plasma in the ion-focused regime exhibits an electromagnetic instability at a resonant frequency {omega} {approximately} 2{gamma}{sup 2} {omega}{sub {beta}}. Growth is enhanced by optical guiding in the ion channel, which acts as dielectric waveguide, with fiber parameter V {approximately} 2 (I/I{sub A}){sup 1/2}. A 1-D theory for such an ion-channel laser'' is formulated, scaling laws are derived and numerical examples are given. Possible experimental evidence is noted. 23 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.
Very Small Dual Band-Notched Rectangular Slot Antenna With Enhanced Impedance Bandwidth

A very small coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed rectangular slot antenna with dual band-notched characteristics for super ultrawideband (UWB) applications is proposed. This antenna consists of a rectangular slot, a beveled rectangular patch, two S-shaped slits cut in the ground plane and an elliptical ring slot (ERS) etched in the patch. The corners of a simple rectangular patch are beveled to improve the impedance bandwidth, especially at the middle frequencies of the band. In addition, a pair of semicircle slots is etched in the ground plane to enhance the bandwidth to more than 23 GHz. A pair of S-shaped slits connected to the rectangular slot, and an ERS cut in the beveled rectangular patch, is employed to create band-notched performances in WiMAX and WLAN spectrum, respectively. The proposed antenna has a very small size of 15 × 15 mm2, and therefore, it is one of the smallest UWB slot antennas that have been reported until now, and provide a very wide impedance bandwidth from 2.6 to more than 23 GHz for VSWR <; 2 with dual band-notched properties.
Periconceptional undernutrition in normal and overweight ewes leads to increased adrenal growth and epigenetic changes in adrenal IGF2/H19 gene in offspring

Adverse conditions in early life result in increased activation of the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal axis and in stress responsiveness in offspring. We have developed a model in which “donor” ewes are either normally nourished or overnourished prior to a period of dietary restriction, before transfer of the embryo at 6–7 d after conception to a ewe of normal weight and nutritional history. A moderate restriction of energy intake during the periconceptional period in both normal weight and overweight ewes resulted in increased adrenal mass in male and female lambs and an increased cortisol response to stress in female lambs. The increase in adrenal weight in lambs exposed to periconceptional under‐nutrition was associated with a decrease in the adrenal mRNA expression of IGF2 and decreased methylation in the proximal CTCF‐binding site in the differentially methylated region of the IGF2/H19 gene. Thus, weight loss in both normal and overweight mothers during the periconceptional period results in epigenetic modification of IGF2 in the adrenal gland, adrenal overgrowth, and increased vulnerability to stress in offspring. Determining the appropriate approach to weight loss in the periconceptional period may therefore be important in overweight or obese women seeking to become pregnant. —Zhang, S. , Rattanatray, L. , MacLaughlin, S. M. , Cropley, J. E. , Suter, C. M. , Molloy, L. , Kleemann, D. , Walker, S. K. , Muhlhausler, B. S. , Morrison, J. L. , and McMillen, I. C. Periconceptional undernutrition in normal and overweight ewes leads to increased adrenal growth and epigenetic changes in adrenal IGF2/H19 gene in offspring. FASEB J. 24, 2772–2782 (2010). www.fasebj. org
Development of a low cost quadrotor platform for swarm experiments

The goal of this work was to develop an aerial platform which facilitates the experimental testing of swarm and formation control algorithms. A sub-$500 carbon fibre quadrotor was designed and fitted with the open source ArdupilotMega 2.0 avionics and commercial off the shelf electronics. The quadrotors were controlled from a desktop computer running the Robot Operating System (ROS) software environment and using a Vicon motion capture system for position feedback. To facilitate the computer control, a serial interface was developed utilising a conventional 2.4GHz radio control and Arduino board. Controllers were implemented and tuned to facilitate control over position or velocity/position hybrid trajectories. Using a MATLAB interface, the complete platform has been demonstrated with three quadrotors flying simultaneously. It was found that a single quadrotor is able to hover at a desired position with a mean offset of 6cm and standard deviation of 2cm.
The relationship of phonological skills to language skills in Spanish–English-speaking bilingual children

These two studies investigate the relationship between phonological production skills and performance in other domains of language in Spanish–English-speaking bilingual children. We examine the relationship between scores on a single-word phonology test and language measures selected from formal testing and narrative samples in Spanish and English. The first study explores the language and phonology scores of 186 children (mean age = 5 years, 9 months) who represent a range of language ability levels. Phonology scores in both languages were most strongly correlated with performance on the Spanish morphosyntax subtest of the bilingual English–Spanish assessment and grammaticality of utterances in English narratives. The second study focuses on 12 children with low or high phonology skills selected from those who participated in the first study. Children with higher phonological production accuracy in both languages produced grammatical structures of low-phonetic salience with greater accuracy than children with lower phonological skills.
Vergleich von ICD-10 und AIS mit der Entwicklung einer Methode zur automatisierten Umwandlung

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Ein Großteil der gängigen Scores und Prognoseberechnungen in der Traumatologie basiert auf der Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). Diese wird jedoch in vielen Ländern, so auch in Deutschland, nicht routinemäßig zur Dokumentation und Verschlüsselung von Verletzungen genutzt. Hierzu wird die International Classification of Diseases (ICD) genutzt. Während die ICD die Grundlage für z. B. die Berechnungen der Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) bildet, findet sich zurzeit keine Möglichkeit einer relativ einfachen Konversion der 10. Version der ICD-10 in die AIS. Ziel der Arbeit (Fragestellung): Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, eine Methodik zur einfachen Umrechnung von ICD auf AIS zu entwickeln und anzuwenden. Material und Methoden: Das Mapping-Verfahren wurde auf der Basis einer 1 : n-Beziehung der Traumacodes der ICD-10-GM 2008 und den Codes der AIS2005 entwickelt. Die aus der Konversion berechneten ISS-Codes wurden anschließend der tatsächlichen ISS-Codierung aus der verfügbaren Schockraumdokumentation gegenübergestellt. Ergebnisse und Diskussion: In der vorliegenden Arbeit kann gezeigt werden, dass trotz der erheblichen Unterschiede in der Struktur und Systematik der verletzungsbedingten Kapitel XIX der ICD-10-Codes und Codes von AIS2005 eine automatisierte Übersetzung technisch möglich ist. Das vorläufige Ergebnis des Mappings lässt jedoch vermuten, dass trotz der technischen Machbarkeit eine verlässliche Konversion und Vergleichbarkeit von ICD und AIS in der notwendigen Qualität auch in Zukunft fraglich ist, jedoch durch Hinzuziehung weiterer Informationen prinzipiell möglich wäre.
Safety Watch: Reducing Constant Observation Through Nurse Empowerment and Accountability

Safety watch (SW), a nurse-driven surveillance program, provides a framework for the appropriate level of patient observation. It empowers nurses to initiate flexible levels of patient safety observation that can be adjusted based on the patient’s need and be discontinued safely at the earliest opportunity. The SW program resulted in dramatic reductions in constant observation and restraint use while sustaining quality of care.
Anger, Harassment, and Cardiovascular Reactivity Among Chinese and Indian Men in Singapore

Objective This experiment examined psychological and cardiovascular responses to experimental harassment among Chinese and Indian men in Singapore who differed in levels of dispositional anger. Methods Eighty-four Chinese and Indian men participated in a laboratory experiment on cardiovascular reactivity in which mood was rated and heart rate and blood pressure were measured during computer tasks in which they were either harassed or allowed to complete the tasks without interruption. Results Comparison of systolic reactivity to harassment and nonharassment indicated, as expected, that reactivity was greater after harassment. Furthermore, a significant race by dispositional anger by harassment effect was obtained for systolic reactivity that indicated different patterns of reactivity for Chinese and Indian participants. In the absence of harassment, Chinese participants showed low systolic reactivity regardless of their level of dispositional anger, whereas systolic reactivity increased as a function of dispositional anger when they were harassed. For Indians, however, systolic reactivity was a positive function of dispositional anger both when they were harassed and not harassed. Conclusions These results suggest stronger cardiovascular reactivity to stress among Indian than among Chinese men. This seems to be particularly true for Indians high in dispositional anger.
Signaling and Regulation Regulation of mTOR Complex 2 Signaling in Neuro fi bromatosis 2 – De fi cient Target Cell Types

Inactivating mutations in the neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) tumor suppressor gene results in the development of schwannomas and meningiomas. Using NF2-deficient meningioma cells and tumors, together with the normal cellular counterparts that meningiomas derive, arachnoid cells, we identified merlin as a novel negative regulator of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). We now show that merlin positively regulates the kinase activity of mTORC2, a second functionally distinct mTOR complex, and that downstream phosphorylation of mTORC2 substrates, includingAkt, is reduced upon acutemerlin deficiency in cells. In response to general growth factor stimulation, Akt signaling is attenuated inmerlin RNA interference-suppressed human arachnoid and Schwann cells bymechanisms mediated by hyperactivemTORC1 and impairedmTORC2.Moreover, Akt signaling is impaired differentially in a cell type–dependent manner in response to distinct growth factor stimuli. However, contrary to activation of mTORC1, the attenuated mTORC2 signaling profiles exhibited by normal arachnoid and Schwann cells in response to acute merlin loss were not consistently reflected in NF2-deficient meningiomas and schwannomas, suggesting additional genetic events may have been acquired in tumors after initial merlin loss. This finding contrasts with another benign tumor disorder, tuberous sclerosis complex, which exhibits attenuated mTORC2 signaling profiles in both cells and tumors. Finally, we examined rapamycin, as well as the mTOR kinase inhibitor, Torin1, targeting bothmTOR complexes to identify the most efficacious class of compounds for blockingmTORmediated signaling and proliferation in merlin-deficient meningioma cells. These studies may ultimately aid in the development of suitable therapeutics for NF2-associated tumors.Mol Cancer Res; 10(5); 649–59. 2012 AACR.
A precision DTMOST-based temperature sensor

This paper describes a precision temperature sensor based on dynamic threshold MOS (DTMOS) transistors. By using the DTMOS configuration, i.e. by connecting the body of a MOSFET to its gate, a near-ideal diode characteristic can be realized. The resulting device can then replace the substrate PNP used in most precision temperature sensors. After a two-temperature trim, the proposed sensor achieves an inaccuracy of ±0.1°C (3σ) over the military temperature range: −55°C to 125°C. This represents a 5× improvement in accuracy over previously reported MOSFET-based temperature sensors. The chip was implemented in a 0.16-μm standard CMOS process. At a conversion rate of 5Hz, it achieves a resolution of 33mK, while dissipating only 8.6 μW from a 1.8V supply.
State Estimation in Biotechnological Processes Using a Software-Sensor Combining Full-Horizon Observ

Abstract This paper presents an innovative method for the online determination of biomass in fermentation, using a combination of model-based full-horizon observer and Neural Network. The performance of the Neural Network depends highly on correct initial conditions of the unknown process values. Unfortunately, in biological processes it is impossible to guarantee reproducible initial conditions. On the contrary, the variations in the innoculated amount of bacteria oscillate between 30% in lab scale and more than 100% in industrial applications. To reduce the effect of these variations to the Neural Network, we herein propose the use of an optimization based estimator to determine the initial conditions of the process values online in early process stages in order to improve the estimation results of the Neural Network.
Secure fingerprint fuzzy vault using hadamard transformation to defy correlation attack

Biometric Systems have an edge over the traditional security methods as they strengthen the level of security by authenticating only the genuine person. Various security breaches and their remedial solutions for biometric systems are proposed by eminent researchers. Template security is one of the major concerns in the field of Biometric Security. Fuzzy vault is a proven template protection scheme. The basis of the scheme is to bind the biometric information with the secret key and scramble it by adding random data to add more security. However, the scheme is vulnerable to the correlation attack. A successful correlation attack may lead to the recovery of genuine minutiae points in the input fingerprint, which may lead to the recreation of the input finger. The main focus of the current research work is to design a secure Fuzzy Vault scheme to prevent correlation attack. The proposed scheme combines fuzzy vault and hadamard transformation technique, providing the indemnity against correlation attack to an appreciable level.