Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Posterior Surgical Approach in Treatment of Neuromuscular Scoliosis Patients: A Systematic Review of Literature

Background Data: Neuromuscular scoliosis (NS) causes disorders to the spinal cord, which affects the innervation and tone of the musculoskeletal system. NS can affect the quality of life by causing spinal deformity, sitting difficulties, and back pain. Progression of NS after skeletal maturity is common, and the incidence of surgery in NS is high. Whether posterior surgical strategy in the management of NS results in higher correction and fewer complications than other approaches, either anterior alone or combined, is a controversial issue. Study Design: Systematic review of the literature. Purpose: To determine if the management of NS via the posterior approach has better results and fewer complications or not. Methods: This study was conducted using the PubMed and Cochrane databases; it includes patients treated for NS deformity and the type of surgery, degree of correction achieved, and rate of complications were reported. Results: Our systematic review yielded 104 citations with 9 studies meeting the required criteria. Six studies focused on the comparisons of posterior-only approach (POA) and anteroposterior approach (APA) and three studies on POA only regarding postoperative outcomes and complications such as correction angle of scoliosis (Cobb’s angle), pelvic obliquity, lordosis, kyphosis, amount of blood loss, hospital stay and ICU stay, and operative time. Conclusion: Posterior-only approach has the same results in correction of neuromuscular scoliosis deformity as anterior-posterior approach but with fewer complications. However, the anterior-posterior approach has more advantage in correcting severe rigid neuromuscular scoliosis. (2020ESJ215)
Absolute Quantitation of Water and Metabolites in the Human Brain. I. Compartments and Water

A method is presented to determine the compartmentation of a localized region in the human brain in terms of CSF, tissue water, and an NMR-invisible rest, using a PRESS or STEAM sequence. Discrimination between CSF and tissue water is based on differences in their T2 relaxation times. The NMR-invisible compartment is assessed using an external standard. The composition of three regions in the human brain is determined. The CSF content of specific regions can be used to quantify cortical atrophy. The method provides a means for measuring the water content of brain tissue in vivo with a precision of 1.5%. After appropriate corrections, the results are in close agreement with biochemical values. The method has major applications in localized quantitative spectroscopy. The compartmentation model can be used to correct for the CSF content of the selected volume and to properly define and interconvert all major concentration units.
VidSage: Unsupervised Video Representational Learning with Graph Convolutional Networks

Video understanding plays a vital role in several real-world applications such as surveillance systems, and autonomous vehicles, with a signiﬁcant impact on the abilities of the agents to perform proper tasks. Yet, it is a challenging task given the lack of suﬃcient labeled data, its computational cost due to the added temporal dimension, and the challenging nature of conceptually understanding a video. In this work, we proposed ”VidSage”, a system that transforms the input video into a generic representation in an unsupervised and self-supervised fashion. The model encodes the video both visually and semantically. Visual features are captured by a pre-trained image-level feature extractor. Graph neural networks are leveraged to capture semantic similarities be-tween videos based on the appearing objects. Additionally, we proposed LiteVidSage, a fast and eﬃcient alternative of VidSage, with improved runtime for on-device and oﬄine applications. Finally, we compared our model against prior works on standard benchmarks. We achieved 42 . 5% accuracy on the YouTube-8m dataset out-performing previous methods by absolute 9%. Moreover, we obtained 54% and 28% classiﬁcation accuracy on Charade, and Moments in Time datasets, outperforming previous unsupervised methods by 9% and 17% respectively, and on par with the recent meta-learning-based work by Google [1]. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/aliiaminian.
SYSTEMATIC ASSESSMENT WITH “POE” METHOD IN OFFICE BUILDINGS CASES STUDY ON THE REDESIGN RESULTS OF OFFICE INTERIOR AFTER OCCUPIED AND OPERATED

This research is motivated by the fact that an office as a forum for activities depends on the type of business being carried out, where the conditions of the office will determine the credibility and synergy of a business entity, guaranteeing the performance and productivity of its employees. This study aims to formulate an interior design concept based on Post Occupancy Evaluation with the Mixed Methods Research (MMR) approach, which emphasizes the meaning of empiric based on relevant field data. The research method used the case study method with the MMR approach in data collection and analysis. The research step was started by analyzing the physical space conditions based on the design results that were compared with standardization, then a satisfaction survey was carried out using a questionnaire that was submitted to the employees as respondents. The MMR approach is intended to ensure the level of significance of the quality of the work environment in the room, the quality of the workplace, and the performance of employees. The research object is the Haleyora Powerindo office building, Jakarta. The results of the study show that the work environment quality is high and responds positively. According to the workplace quality, satisfaction is mainly related to workspace area and quality, comfort and style of furniture, circulation, and accessibility to the work table, effectiveness and efficiency of workplace layout, ICT implementation, and HVAC and maintenance. Social space and entertainment facilities provide flexibility in interacting between officers of different divisions that were not in the previous office. Based on the results of multiple regression calculations, the in-door environment and the officer workspace quality have a significant effect on officer performance. These are 3 main factors critical in conducting systematic evaluations to obtain results from office space design. This study is expected to be a strategic reference for planning and designing a similar spatial atmosphere in different locations or cases. Further research needs to be developed in the future on the ergonomic aspect through the human-centered design approach to obtain a single guideline for office design based on post-occupancy space performance and user participation.
(A Review: Usage of Student Log Data for Several Learning Analytics Problems)

An online learning system is a very crucial thing nowadays to prevent the spread of COVID-19 virus. However, this system is very difficult to maintain student motivation and engagement because there is no direct interaction between teacher and student. This study reviewed the use of student log data for the needs of learning analytics to predict student performance or drop-out trends from a course by looking at the student interaction log data with the system and student demographic data using open data, namely the Open University Learning Analytics Dataset (OULAD). From reviews of several research articles that refer to these data, we can see: 1) the common problems, i.e., prediction of drop-out student, prediction of student performance and engagement; 2) the features used during modeling, i.e., demographics and interactions, either summarized daily or weekly with various feature representations; 3) learning analysis methods that use machine learning algorithm, i.e., Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). This paper also discusses the risk mitigation process of students, planning and designing data systems that support learning analytics, and problems that are often encountered during the modeling process. Intisari—Pada saat ini, penyelenggaraan sistem pembelajaran daring menjadi hal yang penting di tengah pandemi untuk menekan persebaran virus COVID-19. Namun, sistem ini sangat sulit menjaga motivasi dan tingkat keterlibatan mahasiswa karena tidak ada interaksi langsung antara pengajar dengan mahasiswa. Makalah ini meninjau penggunaan data log mahasiswa untuk kebutuhan analisis pembelajaran guna memprediksi kinerja atau kecenderungan drop-out mahasiswa dari suatu mata kuliah dengan melihat pada data log interaksi mahasiswa dengan sistem dan data demografis mahasiswa menggunakan suatu data terbuka, yaitu Open University Learning Analytics Dataset (OULAD). Dari tinjauan beberapa artikel penelitian yang merujuk pada dataset tersebut, ada beberapa hal yang perlu ditinjau: 1) permasalahan yang sering diangkat, yaitu prediksi kecenderungan gagal dari mata kuliah tertentu, prediksi kinerja, dan prediksi keterlibatan mahasiswa; 2) fitur yang digunakan pada saat pemodelan, yaitu fitur demografis dan interaksi, baik yang diringkas secara harian atau mingguan dengan berbagai representasi fitur; 3) metode analisis pembelajaran yang secara khusus menggunakan metode pembelajaran mesin yang sering digunakan, yaitu Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), dan Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Makalah ini juga mendiskusikan proses mitigasi dari mahasiswa yang berisiko, perancangan sistem data yang mendukung analisis pembelajaran, dan permasalahan yang sering ditemui pada saat proses pemodelan. Kata Kunci— Learning Analytics, MOOCs, Pembelajaran Daring, Data Log, Prediksi.
Effect of Architecture in the Surface Segregation of Polymer Blends

We examine the surface segregation behavior of binary polymer blends with architecturally asymmetric components. Particular attention is given to molten blends containing linear and branched polymers composed of the same type of monomer. If the branches are sufficiently long and the branch points (joints) dilute, we argue that the surface enrichment behavior has universal features that are independent of the chemical identity of monomers. We identify entropic and enthalpic contributions to the surface potentials acting on end, joint, and middle monomers of each species and show that these can be incorporated into a linear response formalism for the prediction of surface enrichment. Applications to linear−comb and linear−star mixtures are explicitly demonstrated, and scaling relations for the integrated surface enrichment and enrichment length scale are identified. We also identify a topological enrichment mechanism for blends that contain loops, e.g. linear−ring mixtures. Surprisingly, a dilute amount of .
THE PROTEIN-BINDING OF C 14-BILIRUBIN IN HUMAN AND MURINE SERUM *

Although at physiologic pH small amounts of unconjugated bilirubin are soluble in protein-free aqueous solutions (1), in plasma, virtually all pigment is bound to protein (2-4). In this interaction of bilirubin with protein, albumin plays a major role (3-13), but some authors have suggested that, in addition, "specific" bilirubin-carrying proteins may exist in the aor /-globulins (14-18). These reports disagree, however, about the precise globulin fraction involved, and other investigators (3, 5, 7-10, 12) have denied that bilirubin is bound by globulins. Resolution of this question is important because this transport process is believed to be one of the factors regulating the distribution of bilirubin between the blood and other organs, and governing the rate of pigment removal by the liver (19). Because of difficulties in identifying and quantitating small amounts of bilirubin (20, 21), previous investigations of this problem had to be conducted at greatly increased pigment concentrations (3-6, 8-18), using either icteric sera (3-6, 8-10, 12-14, 16-18) or specimens with bilirubin added in vitro (3-6, 8, 9, 13, 15-17). This may have prevented detection of globulin fractions with high affinity but limited carrying capacity for pigment. Such minor fractions would become evident only at lower pigment concentrations, at which albumin, because of its lesser affinity, would bind a smaller percentage of the total bilirubin (22). With the aid of isotopically labeled bilirubin of high specific activity (23) and continuous-flow electrophoresis (24), it has been possible to ana-
Working Memory and Verbal Problem-Solving : A Comparison of Anterior and Posterior Post-Operative Aneurysm Patients

s of the 22nd Annual Brain Impairment Conference 9–11 April 1999, Sydney PRIZE-WINNING STUDENT ABSTRACTS The Kevin Walsh Encouragement Award for Honours or Masters Research was awarded to Maria Kangas for the following presentation: Clumsiness: An Examination of Skilled Hand Movements in Individuals With Left Hemisphere Cerebrovascular Accident Maria Kangas1 and Robyn Tate2 1 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2 Rehabilitation Studies Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Sydney and Royal Rehabilitation Centre Sydney, Sydney I who sustain a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in the dominant (typically left) hemisphere, are at an increased risk of developing motor skill deficits due to motor-sensory impairments, as well as cognitive impairments (eg, apraxia). Clumsiness is a central component affecting motor skills in individuals with a left hemisphere CVA (LCVA). Historically, however, clumsiness has not been operationally defined, thereby making diagnosis difficult and its contribution to apraxic disorders uncertain. Accordingly, in this study “clumsiness” was explicitly defined by establishing a set of four criteria. The hand movements of two groups of participants were examined: 18 individuals with LCVA and 19 healthy individuals without a history of brain impairment. Performance was examined on four sets of motor tasks, including a conventional praxis test, naturalistic action tasks, a mixed battery of perceptual-motor tasks, and a kinaesthetic acuity test. In comparison with the control participants, the left (nonaffected) hand functioning of individuals with LCVA was compromised due to motor impairments that were cognitive in origin, which included poor spatial planning, programming and sequencing. Individuals with LCVA were also more prone to making a variety of clumsy movements on different types of motor tasks including activities of daily living, compared to the control participants. The implications of these results for assessment and rehabilitation are discussed. The Luria Award for Doctoral Research was awarded to Pamela Snow for the following presentation: Outcome Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: How Does Communication Fare? Pamela Snow, Jacinta Douglas and Jennie Ponsford School of Human Communication Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne A much is known about the long term psychosocial sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI), previous workers have not studied outcome with respect to communication abilities. This paper will describe the
Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR–MS): on-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels

A system for on-line measurements of trace components with concentrations as low as a few pptv has been developed on the basis of proton transfer reactions. Medical applications by means of breath analysis allow the monitoring of metabolic processes in the human body, and examples of food research include investigations of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from fruit, coffee and meat. Investigations of VOC emissions from decaying biomatter and on-line monitoring of the diurnal variations of VOCs in ambient air are typical examples of environmental applications.
A consistent molecular mechanics force field for aluminophosphates

A consistent molecular mechanics force field has been developed for aluminophosphate structures including berlinite and several molecular sieve structures, which predicts the geometry, heat of formation and the vibrational frequencies reasonably well. The force field consists of a bonding term, a bending term and long-range interactions. Charges are calculated using the electronegativity equalization method of Mortier et al.(W. J. Mortier, S. K. Ghoshand and S. Shankar, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 4315), modified with the relative permittivity. The parameters for oxygen are transferable with the all-silica force field recently developed. Results are given for berlinite, AlPO-5 (AFI), AlPO-8 (AET), AlPO-11 (AEL), AlPO-18 (AEI), AlPO-25 (ATV), AlPO-35 (LEV), AlPO-37 (FAU) and VPI-5 (VFI), as well as for the hydrated structures of variscite and VPI-5 (six-fold coordination around aluminium) and the structures of AlPO-18 and AlPO-21 (ATO) with extra-framework oxygen (five-fold coordinated aluminium). Atomic positions of the AlPO-35 structure (both DLS and energy minimized), which have not been reported before, are also given.
Assessment of RANS-Based Turbulent Combustion Models for Prediction of Emissions from Lean Premixed Combustion of Methane

Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations of Lean Premixed Combustion (LPC) of methane–air in a bluff-body stabilized combustor were performed with several widely used turbulent combustion methodologies in order to assess their prediction capabilities. The methods employed are the Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC), the Composition Probability Density Function (CPDF) and the Joint Velocity–Frequency-Composition PDF (VFCPDF) models. Where needed, two different models were employed for turbulent transport closure, namely the Renormalization Group (RNG) k-ϵ and Reynolds Stress Transport (RSM) models. The combustion chemistry was represented by two separate augmented reduced mechanisms (ARM9 and ARM19) in order to assess the influence of chemical mechanisms on calculations. Mean temperature and major species predictions of all of the employed methodologies compared well with the experimental data. Intermediate and emission species predictions were sensitive to the resolution of turbulence viscosity, which changes the effective diffusivity of the species. NO emissions predictions were in error by an average ±5 ppm with the EDC models and the CPDF model, with the VFCPDF model showing a somewhat better prediction of NOx. Calculations for some intermediate species (especially H2) deviated qualitatively from the experimental data, which highlights some of the limitations of these methodologies commonly used in detailed prediction of emissions for various fuel blends.
sn-Glycerol 3-Phosphorothioate with Escherichia coli: Effect on Cell Growth and Metabolism

sn-Glycerol 3-phosphorothioate was found to be bacteriocidal to strains of Escherichia coli which have a functional sn-glycerol 3-phosphate transport system. This effect was manifest in strains 7 and 8, which are constitutive mutants for the utilization and transport of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (glpRc2). Strain E15, which is considered to be wild type for the glycerol phosphate functional units, was affected by the phosphorothioate analog only under conditions that are known to induce the transport system for sn-glycerol 3-phosphate. In addition, another strain of E. coli, strain 6, which is isogenic with strain E15 but has an impaired sn-glycerol 3-phosphate transport system (glpT13), was not affected by similar concentrations of sn-glycerol 3-phosphorothioate. Transport studies in which [3H]glycerol phosphate and its phosphorothioate analog were used demonstrated that the latter compound was taken up via the specific active transport system for sn-glycerol 3-phosphate; the Km values were 9 and 11 ,uM, respectively. The rates of macromolecular synthesis were found to be inhibited severely by sn-glycerol 3-phosphorothioate at a concentration at which sn-glycerol 3-phosphate had no effect (5 ,M). At a lower concentration of the analog (0.5 1±M), the rates of protein synthesis and RNA synthesis (52 and 58% below control values after 90 min, respectively) were more sensitive than the rates of DNA synthesis and cell wall synthesis (18% below control values after 3 h for DNA; transient decrease in the cell wall values after 90 min). The levels of the nucleoside triphosphates were not affected by the presence of the phospholipid precursor or its analog at a concentration of 5 ,uM. The phospholipid composition was significantly altered in the presence of bacteriocidal concentrations (5 ,uM) of snglycerol 3-phosphorothioate. The amount of phosphatidylglycerol in the membranes decreased from 13.5 to 3.5%. Concomitant with this decrease in phosphatidylglycerol content was a fourfold increase in the 32p content of cardiolipin (from 6.8 to 24.2%), whereas the phosphatidylethanolamine content showed only a minor reduction (8%) after 3 h. The rates of synthesis of all of the phospholipids decreased in the presence of 5 ,uM sn-glycerol 3-phosphorothioate, with the most significant effects observed for phosphatidylglycerol (63% after 3 h). Phosphatidylglycerol showed increased rates of turnover after 90 min (21%) and 3 h (11%), with concomitant increases in the levels of cardiolipin of more than twofold. Our data suggest that a considerably greater proportion of phosphatidylglycerol turnover may be recovered in cardiolipin than is metabolized via other pathways (e.g., the membrane-derived oligosaccharide pathway).
Is it possible to model the impact of calorie-reduction interventions on childhood obesity at a population level and across the range of deprivation: Evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)

Background Simulated interventions using observational data have the potential to inform policy and public health interventions where randomised controlled trials are not feasible. National childhood obesity policy is one such area. Overweight and obesity are primarily caused by energy-rich and low-nutrient diets that contribute to a positive net energy imbalance. Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), we investigated whether causal modelling techniques could be applied to simulate the potential impact of policy-relevant calorie-reduction interventions on population prevalence and inequalities in obesity in childhood. Methods Predicted probabilities of obesity at age 11 (UK90 cut offs) were estimated from logistic marginal structural models (MSM) accounting for observed calorie consumption at age 7 and confounding, overall and by maternal occupational social class. A series of population intervention scenarios were modelled to simulate daily calorie-reduction interventions that differed in effectiveness, targeting mechanism and programme uptake level. Results The estimated effect of maternal social class on obesity after accounting for confounding and observed calorie intake was provided by the controlled direct effect (CDE), in which, 18.3% of children were living with obesity at age 11 years,. A universal simulation to lower median intake to the estimated average requirement (EAR) (a 6.1% reduction in daily calories) with 75% uptake reduced overall obesity prevalence by 0.6%; there was little impact on inequalities. A targeted intervention to limit consumption to the EAR for children with above average intake reduced population obesity prevalence at 11 years by 1.5% but inequalities remained broadly unchanged. A targeted intervention for children of low-income families reduced prevalence by 0.7% and was found to slightly reduce inequalities. Conclusions MSMs allow estimation of effects of simulated calorie-reduction interventions on childhood obesity prevalence and inequalities, although estimates are limited by the accuracy of reported calorie intake. Further work is needed to understand causal pathways and opportunities for intervention. Nevertheless, simulated intervention techniques have promise for informing national policy where experimental data are not available.