Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resource diversity promotes among-individual diet variation, but not genomic diversity, in lake stickleback.

Many generalist species consist of specialised individuals that use different resources. This within-population niche variation can stabilise population and community dynamics. Consequently, ecologists wish to identify environmental settings that promote such variation. Theory predicts that environments with greater resource diversity favour ecological diversity among consumers (via disruptive selection or plasticity). Alternatively, niche variation might be a side-effect of neutral genomic diversity in larger populations. We tested these alternatives in a metapopulation of threespine stickleback. Stickleback consume benthic and limnetic invertebrates, focusing on the former in small lakes, the latter in large lakes. Intermediate-sized lakes support generalist stickleback populations using an even mixture of the two prey types, and exhibit greater among-individual variation in diet and morphology. In contrast, genomic diversity increases with lake size. Thus, phenotypic diversity and neutral genetic polymorphism are decoupled: trophic diversity being greatest in intermediate-sized lakes with high resource diversity, whereas neutral genetic diversity is greatest in the largest lakes.
Long-Term Sinonasal Function Following Transnasal Pituitary Surgery: A Comparison of Surgical Approach

Background Surgical approaches to the pituitary have undergone significant changes from transcranial, sublabial, direct transnasal microscopic, and now endoscopic. This study compares sinonasal outcomes from patients from these techniques. Methods A cross-sectional study of patients who underwent pituitary surgery in a tertiary setting was conducted. Patients were recruited via phone, mail, e-mail, and in person. Surveys with questions on nasal function, subsequent nasal treatment, the Nasal Symptom Score (NSS), Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), Chronic Sinusitis Survey (CSS), and Short Form 36 version 2 (SF-36v2) were obtained. Results A total of 252 surveys were sent, of which 165 were returned (65.48% response rate) and 16 were excluded (3 records destroyed, 13 transcranial approach). A total of 149 patients (age 60.10 ± 13.99 years, 47.83% female) were assessed with the following breakdown: sublabial (n = 69), transnasal microscopic (n = 28), and endoscopic (n = 52) approaches. Sublabial and transnasal microscopic, compared to endoscopic, had more sinus treatment (30.43%, 39.29%, and 15.38%; P = .05), medication use (28.99%, 32.14%, and 11.54%; P = .04), and new allergy symptoms (21.74%, 7.14%, and 1.92%; P < .01). Compared to sublabial and transnasal microscopic, endoscopic patients had superior NSSs (0.40 [1.00], 0.60 [1.75], and 0.20 [0.60]; P = .05), SNOT-22 total scores (1.02 ± 0.58, 1.40 ± 0.78, and 1.00 ± 0.59; P < .01), and CSS medication subscores (100.00 [8.33], 100.00 [8.33], and 100.00 [0.00]; P = .03). Endoscopic patients also reported superior SF-36v2 physical subscores (44.02 ± 11.14, 41.13 ± 9.86, and 47.60 ± 10.12; P = .03). Conclusion Nasal function was superior, and further sinus therapy and medication use was lower in patients with endoscopic approaches. Disease-specific quality of life was superior and the endoscopic approach resulted in reduced long-term sinonasal morbidity.
Defining conservation units with enhanced molecular tools to reveal fine scale structuring among Mediterranean green turtle rookeries

Understanding the connectivity among populations is a key research priority for species of conservation concern. Genetic tools are widely used for this purpose, but the results can be limited by the resolution of the genetic markers in relation to the species and geographic scale. Here, we investigated natal philopatry in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from four rookeries within close geographic proximity (~200 km) on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. We genotyped hypervariable mtSTRs, a mtDNA control region sequence (CR) and 13 microsatellite loci to genetically characterise 479 green turtles using markers with different modes of inheritance. We demonstrated matrilineal stock structure for the first time among Mediterranean green turtle rookeries. This result contradicts previous regional assessments and supports a growing body of evidence that green turtles exhibit a more precise level of natal site fidelity than has commonly been recognised. The microsatellites detected weak male philopatry with significant stock structure among three of the six pairwise comparisons. The absence of Atlantic CR haplotypes and mtSTRs amongst these robust sample sizes reaffirms the reproductive isolation of Mediterranean green turtles and supports their status as a subpopulation. A power analysis effectively demonstrated that the mtDNA genetic markers previously employed to evaluate regional stock identity were confounded by an insufficient resolution considering the recent colonisation of this region. These findings improve the regional understanding of stock connectivity and illustrate the importance of using suitable genetic markers to define appropriate units for management and conservation.
The European Informational Lobbying System as an Informal Mode of Governance: a Dynamic Principal-Agent Perspective

This paper stems from the theoretical necessity of filling a major gap in the literature on European (business) lobbying: the isolation of this scholarship from the mainstream narrative of contemporary European studies, namely the concept of ‘governance’. Accordingly, the theoretical model constructed hereafter builds extensively not only on the informational lobbying model, considered as the most appropriate for the European reality, but also on various theorisations of the principal-agent approach arguing, indeed, that the latter cannot be disentangled from the mode of governance in which it is in place. The result is the creation of a novel and dynamic principalagent model along with an horizontal conceptualisation of accountability employed to analyse the informational lobbying system in place between the Commission and interest groups. By focusing on a case study, namely the Commission expert groups, this paper uncovers the determinants of the access to such groups, namely why certain (few) firms belong to the ‘insider club’ and why others (many) are excluded. The empirical results speak volume confirming that the Commission by regulating the access to its expert groups acts according to a dynamic principal-agent model fostering thus the creation of a European business lobbying system characterised by direct dynamics, European identity building, transparency and credibility.
Les stratégies de soutien des infirmières novices travaillant le soir et la nuit en centre hospitalier

Background: Individual, organizational and systemic factors contribute to the high level of newly licensed nursing turnover. Among those factors, there is night and evening shifts that many new nurses are forced into. Unfortunately, nurses often live a harsh transition period from student to health professional. New nurses’ vulnerability requires support in their integration in the nursing profession. The purpose of this work is to elaborate effective strategies to support new nurses working nights and evenings in hospitals. Method: The integrative literature review based on the Galvan (2006) method was conducted with the databases of CINAHL, Pubmed, Web of Science and MEDLINE. The framework used is perceived supervisor support by Eisenberger et al. (2002). Results: The literature review indicates many recommendations in practice, education, management and research. Conclusion: This work contributes to nursing knowledge advancement. It presents recommendations for all levels of management, nurses working day shifts and experienced nurses. It also demonstrates the lack of literature about that phenomenon and gives insights for future research.
Preventive Home Visits

This paper evaluates the introduction of preventive home visits (PHV) for older people in Norway. Their purpose is to support autonomy and independence as well as to prevent disability and nursing home admissions. We contribute to the literature by exploiting a natural experiment in Norwegian municipalities. Our results show that the introduction of a PHV program significantly changes the use of local public resources away from nursing homes, while increasing the utilization of home-based care. Further, PHVs lead to a decline in hospital admissions by 7 percent—whereas treatments for mental health conditions remain unaffected. Mortality is reduced by more than 4 percent in the age group 80 and above.
Identification of sex-linked markers in the sexually cryptic coco de mer: are males and females produced in equal proportions?

Abstract Lodoicea maldivica (coco de mer) is a long-lived dioecious palm in which male and female plants are visually indistinguishable when immature, only becoming sexually dimorphic as adults, which in natural forest can take as much as 50 years. Most adult populations in the Seychelles exhibit biased sex ratios, but it is unknown whether this is due to different proportions of male and female plants being produced or to differential mortality. In this study, we developed sex-linked markers in Lodoicea using ddRAD sequencing, enabling us to reliably determine the gender of immature individuals. We screened 589 immature individuals to explore sex ratios across life stages in Lodoicea. The two sex-specific markers resulted in the amplification of male-specific bands (Lm123977 at 405 bp and Lm435135 at 130 bp). Our study of four sub-populations of Lodoicea on the islands of Praslin and Curieuse revealed that the two sexes were produced in approximately equal numbers, with no significant deviation from a 1:1 ratio before the adult stage. We conclude that sex in Lodoicea is genetically determined, suggesting that Lodoicea has a chromosomal sex determination system in which males are the heterogametic sex (XY) and females are homogametic (XX). We discuss the potential causes for observed biased sex ratios in adult populations, and the implications of our results for the life history, ecology and conservation management of Lodoicea.
Investigations on Improving Broadband Boundary Conditions in Gyrotron Interaction Modelling

Gyrotrons are microwave tubes capable of providing mega-watt power at millimetric wavelengths. The microwave power is produced by the conversion of the kinetic energy of an electron beam to electromagnetic wave energy. Simulations of the beam-wave interaction in the gyrotron cavity are essential for gyrotron design, as well as theoretical and experimental studies. In the usual gyrotron operation the spectrum of the generated radiation is concentrated around the nominal frequency. For this reason, the usual simulations consider only a narrow-band output spectrum (e.g. several GHz bandwidth comparing with the working frequency in the range of 100-200 GHz). As a result, the typical existing codes use a single-frequency radiation boundary condition for the generated electromagnetic field in the cavity. This condition is matched only at one frequency. However, there are two important aspects, which motivate an advanced formulation and implementation of the cavity boundary condition. Firstly, the occurrence of broadband effects (which may be several tens of GHz) in some cases, like dynamic after-cavity-interaction or modulation side-bands, requires a broadband boundary condition. Secondly, there are reflections from inside and outside of the gyrotron, which can only be considered in the simulation through a boundary condition with user-defined, frequency-dependent reflections. This master thesis proposes an improved formulation of the broadband boundary condition in the self-consistent, beam-wave interaction code Euridice. In this new formulation, two physical variables — the wave impedance and the axial wavenumber are expanded in polynomial series in the frequency domain. Because the beam-wave interaction process is simulated transiently in the time domain, the boundary condition should be also expressed in the time domain. This involves a non-trivial inverse Fourier transform, for which two solutions are proposed, tested and validated. It has been shown that, through the newly developed formulation, the existing matched boundary condition (that should yield zero-reflection in ideal case) can be improved by 15 dB even with a first-order polynomial series. Moreover, a user-defined, frequency-dependent complex reflection coefficient can be introduced. This was not possible with the previously existing boundary condition in Euridice.
Hypoxia enhances self-renewal properties and markers of mesenchymal stem cells

BackgroundMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that express CD73, CD90, and CD105 surface markers, but not CD14, CD45, CD34, CD11b, and HLA-DR. MSCs under hypoxic conditions have the essential role of maintaining the stemness capacity by releasing several growth factors into their medium, known as hypoxia conditioned medium (HCM). This study was performed to compare the effect of percentage of HCM to normoxic medium (NM) in increasing MSC proliferation marked by proliferation rate and surface marker expression.MethodsThis study was of post-test only control group design using human umbilical cord-MSCs (hUC-MSCs) as subjects. The HCM treatment group was obtained by culturing MSCs under 5% O2, whereas the NM control group was grown under 20% O2. The hUC-MSCs were divided into 4 groups with different dose ratios of HCM to NM (25%:75%; 50%:50%; 75%:25% for P1, P2 and P3, respectively and 100% of NM for the controls). All of these groups were maintained at 37oC and the data was collected after 72 hours incubation. MSC marker expression of CD73, CD90 and CD105 was analyzed using flow cytometry and MSC proliferation by trypan blue assay. ResultThere were significant differences in MSC marker expression of CD73, CD90 and CD105 and proliferation at all dose ratios of HCM to NM (p<0.05). ConclusionLow oxygen concentration promotes MSC proliferation and stemness thus it might be beneficial for maintaining the MSC physiologic niche in-vitro.
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL AND METHODS

Study participants were recruited by advertising in a local newspaper. Exclusion criteria were treatment with insulin, recent or ongoing infection, history of malignant disease, treatment with antiinflammatory drugs, use of thiazolidinedione-based medications within 3 months, or unstable body weight (±10%) for the past year. Participation also required normal results from the physical examination; electrocardiogram; blood tests for renal function (creatinine), hepatic function (alanine aminotransferase), and thyroid function (thyroid-stimulating hormone); hemoglobin; white blood cell counts; and electrolytes and urinalysis. Using a cross sectional case-control design, participants (n = 24) were divided into four groups based on whether the participants had normal glucose tolerance or T2D according to the result of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The WHO diagnostic criteria for T2D diabetes were used (1). The participants were subsequently divided into two groups based on their BMI (over 30 versus below 30). All participants were given both oral and written information about the experimental procedures before giving their written informed consent.
Association Between Antinuclear Antibodies and interstitial lung Diseases in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

AbstractIntroduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is adisease primarily affecting women in their child-bearing years. SLE can affect any component of the respiratory system and manifest with pleuritis (with or without effusion), interstitial lung disease (ILD), alveolar hemorrhage, diaphragmatic weakness, pulmonary hypertension, airways disease, or pulmonary embolism. ILD occurs with a lower frequency in SLE compared with other connective tissue disease (CTD) subtypes. It is not known whether SLE-ILD differs from ILD in other CTD subtypes. Aim of the work: estimate the possible relationship between interstitial lung diseases and different antinuclear antibodies among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Patients and Methods: Cross sectional clinical study. A total of 100 SLE patients attending to Sohag University Hospitals will be included in the study. Patients included in this study will be classified as SLE patients according to either the 2012 SLICC criteria or the new 2017 ACR/EULAR SLE classification criteria. Results: ANA (antinuclear antibody) positivity, chest manifestations like (cough, dyspnea, expectoration, fever&hemoptysis) are predictive variates for SLE-ILD. Conclusion: We observed a population of SLE-ILD and concluded that ANA (antinuclear antibody) positivity, chest manifestations like (cough, dyspnea, expectoration, fever&hemoptysis) are predictive variates for SLE-ILD. Also ANAIF speckled pattern has specificity to SLE-ILD and AntiSS-A/Ro52KD antibody is more specific to SLE-ILD. We recom‌mend HRCT and PFT scan in these SLE patients.
Irregularity of Block Shift Networks and Hierarchical Hypercube Networks

There is extremely a great deal of mathematics associated with electrical and electronic engineering. It relies upon what zone of electrical and electronic engineering; for instance, there is much increasingly theoretical mathematics in communication theory, signal processing and networking, and so forth. Systems include hubs speaking with one another. A great deal of PCs connected together structure a system. Mobile phone clients structure a network. Networking includes the investigation of the most ideal method for executing a system. Graph theory has discovered a significant use in this zone of research. In this paper, we stretch out this examination to interconnection systems. Hierarchical interconnection systems (HINs) give a system to planning systems with diminished connection cost by exploiting the area of correspondence that exists in parallel applications. HINs utilize numerous levels. Lower-level systems give nearby correspondence, while more significant level systems encourage remote correspondence. HINs provide issue resilience within the sight of some defective nodes and additionally interfaces. Existing HINs can be comprehensively characterized into two classes: those that use nodes or potential interface replication and those that utilize reserve interface nodes.
Decomposition and Forecasting Time Series in the Business Economy Using Prophet Forecasting Model

There are many methods of forecasting, often based on the specific conditions of the given time series which are frequently the result of research in scientific centres and universities. Nevertheless, there are also models that were created by scientists in a particular company, examples may be Google or Facebook. The latter one has developed one of the latest Prophet forecasting models published in 2017 by Taylor & Letham. This model is completely new and so it is appropriate to subject it to further research, which is the topic of this article. To accomplish this research objective, the aim of this work is to identify seasonal trends in revenue development in a selected e-commerce segment based on the assessment of the applicability of the Facebook Prophet forecasting tool. To accomplish this goal, the Python Prophet is decomposed with a subsequent two-year forecast. Accuracy of this model is measured by RMSA and coverage. The e-commerce subject selected is active primarily in the field of sales of professional outdoor supplies and organizing outdoor educational courses, seminars and competitions. It is clear from the prediction that the e-commerce entity shows a strong sales period with the beginning of the spring season and then, due to the summer, decline, until the pre-Christmas period. The subject has little growth potential and a new impetus is needed to increase sales and thus restore the growth trend. It has been confirmed that Prophet is a suitable tool for debugging seasonal tendencies.
Semi-Persistent Resource Allocation Based on Traffic Prediction for Vehicular Communications

In cellular vehicular communications, high density and mobility of vehicles require frequent resource allocation, which can cause network congestion and large signalling and processing delay. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel semi-persistent resource allocation scheme based on a two-tier heterogeneous network architecture. The architecture includes a central macro base station (MBS) and multiple roadside units (RSU). In the proposed semi-persistent scheme, the MBS pre-allocates persistent resource to RSUs based on predicted traffic, and then allocates dynamic resource upon real-time requests from RSUs while vehicles simultaneously communicate using the pre-allocated resource. A simple Space-Time k-Nearest Neighbour (ST-kNN) method is developed for short-term traffic prediction, and a geometric water-filling algorithm is developed for minimizing the relative latency. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed semi-persistent scheme in comparison with two benchmark schemes.
Irradiation-Induced Hardening of Structural Materials after Low Temperature Irradiation

Irradiation-induced hardening has been investigated in relation to austenitic SS316 steel, ferritic-martensitic T91 steel and 20Cr40Fe-20Mn-20Ni high-entropy alloy (HEA). Specimens were irradiated with 1.4 MeV/Ar ions to doses of 0.5 10 displacements per atom (dpa) at room temperature. Hardening of the irradiated layer was examined with nanoindentation technique. The behavior of the hardness-depth curves was analyzed with respect to the ion irradiation dose. Regression analysis performed for high dose regime of irradiation by using a power-law function of the form ∆Н ∝ (dpa)n gives good agreement with the experimental data at n ~ 0.1-0.16 for structural alloys having different composition and different structural state.
COMPARATIVE BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FOUR ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS

In this study, a total of four endophytic fungi have been isolated from Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae) seeds growing in Egypt. The isolated fungi were identified morphologically and microscopically up to species to be; Alternaria pluriseptata, Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus parasiticus and Eurotium pseudoglaucus. The extracts of the all identified fungi were screened biologically for antileukemic, cytotoxic, antimalarial, antileishmanial, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as well as for cannabinoid and opioid receptor binding affinities. All the examined fungal extracts showed good antileukemic activities with Ic50 values ranging from 0.025 to 0.8 µg/ml, while two of them showed cytotoxic activities against Pig kidney epithelial (LLC-PK1) cells. Two fungal extracts exhibited antimalarial activities, three showed antioxidant activities and two exhibited anti-inflammatory activities