Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative gyrokinetic analysis of JET baseline H-mode core plasmas with carbon wall and ITER-like wall

Following the change of plasma facing components at JET from a carbon wall (CW) to a metal ITER-like wall (ILW) a deterioration of global confinement has been observed for H-mode baseline experiments. The deterioration has been correlated with a degradation of pedestal confinement with lower electron temperatures at the top of the edge barrier region. In order to investigate the change in core confinement, heat transport due to Ion Temperature Gradient (ITG)/Trapped Electron Mode (TEM) turbulence is investigated using the gyrokinetic code GENE. Two pairs of CW and ILW discharges that are matched according to several global parameters are simulated at mid radius. The simulations included effects of collisions, finite β, realistic geometries, and impurities. A sensitivity study is performed with respect to the key dimensionless parameters in the matched pairs. The combined effect of the relative change in these parameters is that the ITG mode is destabilized in the ILW discharges compared to the CW discharges. This is also reflected in nonlinear simulations where the ILW discharges show higher normalized ion and electron heat fluxes and larger stiffness. The ion energy confinement time within ρ=0.5 ? > is found to be comparable while the electron confinement time is shorter for the ILW discharges. The core confinement in the ILW discharges is expected to improve if the edge pedestal is recovered since that would favourably change the key plasma parameters that now serve to destabilize them.
Do we follow the money? The drivers of migration across regions in the EU

Most immigration theories tend to highlight that migration follows wealth and economic dynamism, but is this also the case across regions in Europe? The aim of the paper is to investigate whether migrants in Europe indeed follow the money and to contrast this with a variety of potential alternative explanations, including the presence of migrants from a similar origin. The analysis is based on panel data estimations including 133 European regions over a time period of 17 years. Different lag structures have been employed in order to distinguish between short- and long-run effects. The results cast some doubt about the prominence of pecuniary factors as a determinant of cross regional migration in Europe, with little evidence to support the idea that migration follows economic dynamism. Network effects, human capital related-, and ‘territorially embedded’ innovation enhancing regional characteristics, by contrast, seem to play a much stronger role than hitherto considered.
Antifungal and Antioxidant Therapy for the Treatment of Fungal Infection with Microemulsion Gel Containing Curcumin and Vitamin C

Objective: Fungal infection on the skin is one of the common dermatological diseases especially for the people living in hot and humid climatic conditions. Conventional topical formulations suffer from its own limitations such as lack of site-specific delivery, drug bioavailability, and patient compliance. Curcumin oil was selected as bioactive molecules which target fungal infection which also act as an oil phase for microemulsion preparation. Another strategy was implemented in this research study was to protect the skin from excessive exposure from free radicals by supporting the skin endogenous antioxidant system by adding ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) as an adjunct. Materials and Methods: Micro emulsion gel was formulated with curcumin oil as an active ingredient as well as an oil phase along with ascorbic acid as an adjunct (antioxidant), tween 20, and isopropanol as surfactant and cosurfactant, respectively. Carbopol 940 was chosen as a polymer for the preparation of gel. Pseudoternary phase diagram of microemulsion with various surfactant/cosurfactant ratios (1:1–4:1) were constructed to study the phase behavior. Minimum inhibitory concentration study and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study was conducted to check antifungal activity and possible drug-excipient interactions, respectively. The developed formulations were characterized for physicochemical parameters such as globule size, zeta potential, viscosity, pH, etc. The optimized microemulsion formulations were further loaded into the carbopol gel base and evaluated. Results: Surfactant/cosurfactant weight ratio 3:1 was found to be largest in the percentage area of micro emulsion region. FTIR study did not show any potential drug-excipient interaction and curcumin oil showed considerably greater antifungal activity as compared to clotrimazole. The physical appearances of all the formulations were found to be yellowish, transparent, clear, glossy, and consistent. The pH, viscosity, droplet size of all the formulations was found to be in the acceptable range. From the results of in vitro drug release, approximately 90% of drug released was noted at the end of 10 h and ex vivo release study showed possible permeation mechanism of drug. In vitro antioxidant activity showed that microemulsion gel containing ascorbic acid possess significant free radical scavenging activity in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo study showed that microemulsion gel containing curcumin oil and ascorbic acid has significant antifungal and antioxidant effect. Conclusions: Curcumin oil was successfully incorporated into topical microemulsion gel prepared with Vitamin C used as an adjunct and showed good spreadability, viscosity, drug release, in vitro antioxidant activity, and in vivo antifungal activity.
Variation in south Asian wheat germplasm for seedling drought tolerance traits

Higher seedling vigour and greater coleoptile length are important for early establishment of wheat crops and subsequently higher grain yield in many dry environments. Seedling vigour includes those seed properties that determine the potential for rapid, uniform emergence and development of normal seedlings under a wide range of field conditions. Genotypes with the widely used gibberellic acid (GA)-insensitive dwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b have good partitioning and grain yield under optimal conditions, but may perform poorly under stressed conditions due to poor crop establishment. Breeding programmes are in search of GA-sensitive dwarfing genes that do not affect seedling vigour under dry conditions. This study evaluated 40 genotypes currently used in wheat breeding programmes of south Asia for seedling vigour-related traits in greenhouse and field experiments during 2006–2007 at IAAS, Rampur, Nepal. Wide variation in coleoptile length, seedling vigour, as well as sensitivity to GA was observed. Among the genotypes studied, there were positive correlations among coleoptile length, leaf width and plant height. Genotypes, SW89-5193, SW89-5422/NL251 and SW89-5422, were found to have longer coleoptile, higher seedling vigour and response to GA application. This shows a promise for their further applications in the breeding programmes.
Approaches for recruiting senior personnel by multinational corporations in Kenya

v List of tables . x List of figures . xi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION. 1 1.1 Background of the study. 1 1.1.1 Recruitment approaches by MNCs. 2 1.1.2 Multinational Corporations in Kenya. 2 1.2. Research Problem . 3 1.3. Research Objective . 4 1.4. Value of the Study . 4 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 6 2.
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper with Cry1Ac Gene for Insect Resistance

Transfer of foreign genes into higher plants mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a standard technique in plant genetic engineering. We have produced of morphologically normal and fertile transgenic plants from leaf explants inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 carrying binary vector pCAMBIA 1319Z, the latter of which contains Cry1Ac gene for making insect tolerant blackgram plant, a neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) gene and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene (uidA) for histochemical assay of the transgene. The transformed green shoots, selected and rooted on medium containing kanamycin, tested positive for nptII and uidA genes by histochemical assay and PCR analysis. These plantlets were established in soil and grown to maturity to collect the seeds. Analysis of T0 plants showed the expression and integration of uidA into the plant genome. GUS activity in leaves, roots, flowers, anthers and pollen grains was detected by histochemical assay. For insect bioassay, the transgenic plants were toxic to bollworm larvae and lessened the damage caused by their feeding.
Extralimital Distribution of Galapagos (Zalophus wollebaeki) and Northern (Eumetopias jubatus) Sea Lions in Mexico

Global pinniped distribution is greatly determined by changes in sea surface temperature. El Nino events also have been reported to directly influence pinniped distribution. These events have increased in frequency and intensity changing the foraging ecology of the two pinniped species analyzed. In this paper, we present new extralimital records of distribution of two species rarely found in Mexican waters: the Galapagos (Zalophus wolle‑ baeki) and the Northern (Eumetopias jubatus) sea lions. Three adult Z. wollebaeki were found in Chiapas, and one E. jubatus was recorded off the coasts of Colima—both exceeding the maximum reported extralimital distance. These new records increase the number of marine mammal species recorded in Mexico and add evidence to the fact that large-scale climatic variation and possible effects of global warming shift the distribution of marine mammals.
Long-term tillage and residue management effect on soil compaction and nitrate leaching in a Typic Haploxerert soil

A field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of long-term tillage and cropresidue management on some physical properties and nitrate leaching of a Typic Haploxerertsoil under winter wheat (Triticum vulgare L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) double-croppingsystem. The tillage systems consisted of conventional tillage with stubble (CT1), conventionaltillage with stubbles burned (CT2), heavy disc harrow reduced tillage (RT1), rototiller reducedtillage (RT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc harrow fallowed by no-tillage (RNT) andno-till (NT). Each tillage method applied at 480 m2 plot and replicated three times in randomlydistributed plots. In the experiment, organic matter content (OM), aggregate stability (AS),penetration resistance (PR), porosity, bulk density (BD) in 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth andnitrate concentrations at 90 cm depth were determined. Tillage practices significantly affectedthe measured properties at both soil depths. The BD and PR within the conservational managedplots were higher than under conventional managed plot. Whereas, OM content and AS weresignificantly greater under conservational managed plots, indicating improved soil quality.Soybean yield was not affected by tillage practices. The concentrations of NO3-N leached hadstrong variation within sampling dates and significantly different among treatments after thefirst and the third irrigation (P˂0.01). The highest average NO3-N (1440.8b±74.9 mg L-1) inleachate was measured in the CT2 plot while the lowest value (774.8a±56.5 mg L-1) wasobtained in the RT1 plot. The results of this study revealed that reduced tillage and no-tilltreatments could significantly improve soil physical quality and reduce NO3-N leaching ofTypic Haploxerert soil in the Cukurova Region
A note on Constantin and Iyer's representation formula for the Navier–Stokes equations

The purpose of this note is to establish a probabilistic representation formula for Navier–Stokes equations on a compact Riemannian manifold. To this end, we first give a geometric interpretation of Constantin and Iyer's representation formula for the Navier–Stokes equation, then extend it to a compact Riemannian manifold. We shall use Elworthy–Le Jan–Li's idea to decompose de Rham–Hodge Laplacian operator on a manifold as a sum of the square of vector fields. MSC 2010: 35Q30, 58J65 Keywords: Navier–Stokes equations, stochastic representation, de Rham–Hodge Lapla-cian, stochastic flow, pull-back vector field
Comparative Analysis between Fuzzy and Traditional Analytical Hierarchy Process

Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is one of the techniques commonly used for prioritizing different alternatives, by using complex criteria. In real applications, conventional AHP assumes the expert judgment as it is exact and use crisp number leading to inconsideration of the uncertainty that came from linguistic variable. Fuzzy logic deals with situations which are vague or unwell defined and gives a quantify value. In this study a comparison is made between traditional AHP and fuzzy AHP by taking a case of selecting an effective oil refinery. The selection is conducted using system effectiveness as a criterion. The two approaches have been compared on the same hierarchy structure and criteria set and the result show that in both case dual drum scheme (DDS) has the highest priority but different value that is 0.51 and 0.36 for AHP and FAHP respectively which shows that if the expert opinion is certain AHP should be used if not FAHP should be preferred
Quality of life in patients with bronchial asthma in a tertiary care setting in south India

Asthma has been notified as a chronic illness that impacts a large number of individuals and affects their quality of life. Aim: To measure the Quality of Life in patients with Bronchial Asthma in a tertiary care setting in South India. Method: Structured face to face interviews were conducted using standardized tools i.e. Standardized version of Juniper‟s Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire and the responses were classified under the domains of activity limitations, symptoms, emotions and exposure to environmental stimuli. The Asthma Control Test was also used categorizing respondents as demonstrating total control, well controlled or uncontrolled asthma. GINA guidelines was used to classify the patients based on severity of Asthma as intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent and severe persistent. Result: 200 physician diagnosed patients with Bronchial Asthma participated in the study. Majority were male (n=115) and rest female (n=85). 143 were married and many were graduates (n=52). The mean QOL of the patients was 4.83 on 7 point scale. More than half of the sample population (57% n=114) were found to experience uncontrolled asthma. The average score received in Asthma Control Test was 17 against a maximum of 25. Less than half the patients (37.5% n =75) in the study were classified as having moderate Asthma. Conclusion: The findings suggest that there is a need to control asthma and the environmental factors that trigger it. Educating patients on treatment and precautionary measures may be a potential solution to enhance the overall sense of well-being in patients with bronchial asthma. Keyword: Quality of Life, Bronchial Asthma, Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, Asthma Control Test, GINA classification. *Corresponding author: Mrs Priyadarsini John, Associate Professor, D Y Patil College of Nursing, Nerul, Navi Mumbai. , Email: priyapearljohn@yahoo.co.in
Corporate Governance in China: A Research Agenda for a Corporate Group and Stakeholder Control Perspective

The share ownership structure of listed companies in China lends support to the research findings of the recent “concentrated share ownership” thesis. However, due to its particular economic, political and legal contexts, the Chinese share ownership structure has its own characteristics. Instead of rich families or banks as seen elsewhere, publicly traded corporations in China are typically controlled by their stateowned founder/sponsor enterprises. Based on an examination of the state of ownership and control in listed companies in China and a brief review of the relevant literature, this paper suggests a corporate group contextual-based approach to understand corporate governance in China. For that purpose, some major issues for future research are also outlined.
The Relationship of Workplace Spirituality on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

Organizational citizenship behaviour has been defined as the individual’s behaviour that is discretionary and not directly recognized by the formal reward system, but it promotes the effective functioning of the organization. Because the importance of organizational citizenship behaviour in organization especially in service sector, this study focused more details on how workplace spirituality enhance the performance of organizational citizenship behaviour among nurses. This relationship grounded by Social Exchange Theory. There were three dimension of workplace spirituality, which meaningfulness, sense of community, and organizational values alignment. While, organizational citizenship behaviour has been measured using five dimensions, which altruism, courtesy, civic virtue, conscientiousness, and sportsmanship. An 800 sets of questionnaire have been distributed in four selected public hospital in Malaysia. Cluster and simple random sampling were used in this study. SPSS 23 and Amos 23 have been used in order analyses the data. Overall, the result revealed workplace spirituality has significant relationship towards organizational citizenship behaviour.
Changes in conjugated linoleic acid and C18:1 isomers profile during the ripening of Pecorino Toscano cheese produced with raw milk

The aim of the present study was to investigate the evolution of the fatty acid profile, with particular attention to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and to C18:1 isomers, during ripening of sheep cheese (Pecorino Toscano cheese) produced with raw milk. After 60 days of ripening the total concentration of C18:1 isomers and that of CLA pool content decreased. In particular, if isomers profile is considered, the percentage of trans11 C18:1, trans10 C18:1 and cis9, trans11 CLA decreased as consequence of biohydrogenation or of double bonds isomerisation, while the concentration of trans10, cis12 CLA increased.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN NIGERIA

This investigates on the importance of information and communication technology (ICT) as a tool for teaching, learning and research that is dramatically changing the landscape of educational development globally. The ICT in the educational sector divulge a plethora of opportunities for different categories of educators to integrate ICTs their service delivery of teaching, learning and research. However, plenty of literatures suggest that do existed significant resistance to the technology some among teachers in Nigeria especially at secondary school. This becomes a deterring factor for successful integration of ICTs in such schools in Nigeria in general. The paper uses modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to ascertain the level of ICT acceptance in teaching and learning across selected teachers in secondary schools in Nigeria. Questionnaire was used for collecting relevant data for the study. Purposive sampling was used and data was analyzed using SPSS and AMOS 18.0. The finding of the study indicates a significant relationship between attitude, intention, self-efficacy and acceptance. The study concludes that besides obvious problems at stake anxiety and technophobia have been some other curtailing factors resisting viable use of ICT for teaching and learning process, thus, transcending bridging the digital divide in the country at high risk of failure.
Handbook of Early Child Literacy

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Pay for Performance and Corporate Governance Reform

Directors’ pay and corporate governance continue to generate public outrage and calls for reform. Our meta-regression analysis of all comparable UK pay-for-performance estimates finds little, if any, meaningful association between directors’ pay and corporate performance. However, there is evidence of the effectiveness of past ‘comply-or-explain’ rules, especially the Cadbury Report. Unfortunately, the effects of past reform efforts tend to erode over time. The paper also explores differences between pay-performance estimates, finding that these are largely explained by how pay and performance are measured by a given study.
Efficiency Analysis of Commercial Grape-Producing Family Farms in the Republic of Macedonia Influence of Selected Targets from the Rural Development Programme

An empirical analysis was conducted on the efficiency of commercial grape-producing family farms in the Republic of Macedonia in order to examine how farm performance is influenced by selected aspects of the current Rural Development Programme (RDP) (2007-2013). The emphasis was on Macedonian grape production on family farms and on instruments for more efficient use of resources, production modernisation, vine revitalisation, and the knowledge and managerial capacity of Macedonian grape growers. A two-stage analysis was carried out on farm-level data for the period 20062008. The estimated efficiency scores indicated that substantial efficiency improvements are possible on Macedonian grape-producing farms, with potential for a cost decrease of 29% (20% and 36% with parametric and bootstrapping applied) if farmers manage inputs more efficiently. Farm revenue can be improved by 47% (61% when bootstrapping applied) if farmers manage to increase the value of outputs. More efficient farms used a smaller area, irrigated a smaller proportion of total area, used less hired labour, used and paid less for inputs, but produced a larger quantity, with higher value per hectare. The technically more efficient farmers were: younger farmers, farmers with profit maximisation objectives; farmers with lower expectations of a better future for farming; farmers making choices with other family members; farmers monitoring production on the farm and maintaining bookkeeping records; those attending seminars, and those interested in competence-based knowledge such as plant protection, credit/investments. Interventions in production assortment and quality have potential to influence farm performance. Rural development policies can help improve farm efficiency. RDP measures targeted at achieving stable yield, yield improvement and modernisation of equipment, improving farmers’ managerial performance and strengthening the capacity of sources providing non-formal education should be a high priority.
Study of Query Interface Matching Based on Singular Value Decomposition

Keywords: Deep Web; query interface; interface matching; singular value decomposition Abstract. Deep Web query interface matching is one of the key technologies to realize rapid Deep Web data query. On the study of query interface representation, feature extraction and weight calculation, the method based on singular value decomposition is presented. It transforms the query interface set into a feature-interface matrix, selects the final classification features and creates a feature vector matrix. In order to reduce the computational overhead of similarity computing between the different query interfaces, the singular value decomposition is adopted to truncate the vector matrix, which will build a low rank matrix to approximate the original feature vector matrix. This method realizes the fast matching between the original query interface and the target query interfaces, improving the efficiency of Deep Web online database query.