Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CBCT lung multi-OAR segmentation via hierarchical network

Lung SBRT patients could have daily setup variations that lead to suboptimal treatment delivery. While currently a cone- beam CT (CBCT) is captured prior to each fraction for patient alignment, no organ contours or dosimetric calculations are routinely done to verify radiation therapy (RT) treatment delivery quality. Organ contours on CBCT are challenging because of the inferior image quality and low image contrast of CBCT. Besides, manual contouring is labor-intensive that prohibits clinical implementation. Therefore, if organ contours could be obtained automatically on fractional CBCT with limited human interventions, it would pave the way to obtain dosimetry for coverage evaluation and toxicity assessment. In this study, we developed a deep learning-based method for automated segmentation of multiple organs on CBCT images which simultaneously performs detection, classification, and segmentation of multi-organ. Our proposed hierarchical network method consists of four subnetworks: feature extractor, detector, hierarchical block, and mask module. The feature extractor subnetwork is used to extract informative features from CBCT. The detector subnetwork is used to locate the volume-of-interest (VOIs) of multiple organs. The hierarchical block network is used to enhance the feature contrast around organ boundaries and improve the organ classification. The mask module subnetwork then segments organ from the refined feature map within the VOIs. We conducted a five-fold cross-validation on 30 CBCTs. Five organs (esophagus, heart, spinal cord, left lung, and right lung) were segmented and compared with manual contours using several evaluation metrics. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) is 0.68, 0.87, 0.80, 0.91 and 0.93 for esophagus, heart, spinal cord, left lung, and right lung, respectively. These results demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of our proposed hierarchical network method for CBCT lung segmentation, which could be used for fractional delivery dose evaluations in the future.
Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Anodic Stainless Steel Foils towards Flexible Supercapacitors

In this work, we report the fabrication and enhanced supercapacitive performance of nitrogen-doped nanoporous stainless steel foils, which have been prepared by electrochemical anodization and subsequent thermal annealing in ammonia atmosphere. The nanoporous oxide layers are grown on type-304 stainless steel foil with optimal thickness ~11.9 μm. The N-doped sample exhibits high average areal capacitance of 321.3 mF·cm−2 at a current density of 1.0 mA·cm−2, 3.6 times of increment compared with untreated one. Structural and electrochemical characterizations indicate that the significant enhancement is correlated to the high charge transfer efficiency from nitriding nanosheet products Fe3N. Our report here may provide new insight on the development of high-performance, low-cost and binder-free supercapacitor electrodes for flexible and portable electronic device applications with multiple anions.
Intelligent Models for Stock Price Prediction: A Comprehensive Review

Prediction of the stock price is a crucial task as predicting it may lead to profits. Stock price prediction is a challenge owing to non-stationary and chaotic data. Thus, the projection becomes challenging among the investors and shareholders to invest the money to make profits. This paper is a review of stock price prediction, focusing on metrics, models, and datasets. It presents a detailed review of 30 research papers suggesting the methodologies, such as Support Vector Machine Random Forest, Linear Regression, Recursive Neural Network, and Long Short-Term Movement based on the stock price prediction. Aside from predictions, the limitations, and future works are discussed in the papers reviewed. The commonly used technique for achieving effective stock price prediction is the RF, LSTM, and SVM techniques. Despite the research efforts, the current stock price prediction technique has many limits. From this survey, it is observed that the stock market prediction is a complicated task, and other factors should be considered to accurately and efficiently predict the future.
Analysis of the English Language Needs of the Saudi Tourism Workforce: A First Step into Designing ESP Teaching Materials

Communication skills are extremely important for the tourism industry; they form an integral part of most tourism activities. Using English, as the international lingua franca, is an essential part of these skills, especially for international tourism. Saudi Vision 2030 places a high importance on international tourism as a driving force for economic growth. Since the inception of the Saudi Vision 2030, the tourism industry in Saudi Arabia, along with its workforce, has been growing substantially. Therefore, designing English language teaching materials for the tourism industry workforce in Saudi Arabia is a necessity. The current study firstly aimed to analyze the English language communicative needs of the Saudi tourism workforce, and then propose an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) model for teaching English based on their needs. A nation-wide survey was designed and distributed to sixty-two male and fifteen female workers serving in the Saudi tourism industry to determine their English language communicative needs. Listening and speaking were found to be highly important to their profession, in particular understanding instructions and requirements and providing details about touristic attractions. Reading and vocabulary were found more important than writing and grammatical accuracy. The study concludes with a proposal of an ESP teaching model to meet the English language communicative needs of the tourism workforce in Saudi Arabia.
Detecting Airborne Pollen Using an Automatic, Real-Time Monitoring System: Evidence from Two Sites

Airborne pollen monitoring has been an arduous task, making ecological applications and allergy management virtually disconnected from everyday practice. Over the last decade, intensive research has been conducted worldwide to automate this task and to obtain real-time measurements. The aim of this study was to evaluate such an automated biomonitoring system vs. the conventional ‘gold-standard’ Hirst-type technique, attempting to assess which may more accurately provide the genuine exposure to airborne pollen. Airborne pollen was monitored in Augsburg since 2015 with two different methods, a novel automatic Bio-Aerosol Analyser, and with the conventional 7-day recording Hirst-type volumetric trap, in two different sites. The reliability, performance, accuracy, and comparability of the BAA500 Pollen Monitor (PoMo) vs. the conventional device were investigated, by use of approximately 2.5 million particles sampled during the study period. The observations made by the automated PoMo showed an average accuracy of approximately 85%. However, it also exhibited reliability problems, with information gaps within the main pollen season of between 17 to 19 days. The PoMo automated algorithm had identification issues, mainly confusing the taxa of Populus, Salix and Tilia. Hirst-type measurements consistently exhibited lower pollen abundances (median of annual pollen integral: 2080), however, seasonal traits were more comparable, with the PoMo pollen season starting slightly later (median: 3 days), peaking later (median: 5 days) but also ending later (median: 14 days). Daily pollen concentrations reported by Hirst-type traps vs. PoMo were significantly, but not closely, correlated (r = 0.53–0.55), even after manual classification. Automatic pollen monitoring has already shown signs of efficiency and accuracy, despite its young age; here it is suggested that automatic pollen monitoring systems may be more effective in capturing a larger proportion of the airborne pollen diversity. Even though reliability issues still exist, we expect that this new generation of automated bioaerosol monitoring will eventually change the aerobiological era, as known for almost 70 years now.
Single-phase grounding selected-line equipment based on small disturbance theory

In the distribution network with an arc suppressing coil,quick line selection technology is very important.After the analysis of the single-phase earth fault in the system of neutral point non-connecting-to-earth and the system of neutral point connecting-to-earth via arc suppressing coil,this paper puts forward the small disturbance theory.Based on this theory,the line selection theory,method and hardware construction of selected-line equipment for single-phase grounding fault are also introduced,which adopts digital signal processing(DSP) as a control unit.There is a detailed analysis of the operation of the equipment in the system of neutral point connecting-to-earth via KD-XH arc suppressing coil,and the result proves an accuracy of 96% of line selection with the equipment.The equipment is applicable for the distribution network of small capacitance current,grounding through high resistance and the capacitance current of which varies greatly.
Spectral dynamic causal modeling of mindfulness, mind-wandering, and resting-state in the triple network using fMRI

Objective Functional connectivity in intrinsic brain networks, namely, the triple network, which includes the salience network, default mode network (DMN) and central executive network (CEN), has been suggested as prominent, major networks involved in human cognition and mental state–mindfulness, mind-wandering and resting-state. Despite the established roles of functional connections within and between intrinsic networks, there has been limited research on the effective connectivity of mindfulness, mind-wandering and resting-state using the triple network, as well as on their direct comparisons. Methods We employed spectral dynamic causal modeling to compare effective connectivity patterns across mindfulness (i.e. attention focused on physical sensations of breathing), mind-wandering (i.e. connecting thoughts) and resting-state (i.e. relaxing while remaining calm and awake) conditions using functional MRI data of healthy subjects who underwent ambulatory training by practicing mindfulness and mind-wandering (N = 59). Results When comparing mindfulness and mindwandering conditions, our analysis results revealed that salience network and CEN interacted depending on mindfulness or mind-wandering. When mindfulness or mind-wandering was compared to resting-state, mindfulness increased the effective connectivity from the left CEN to salience network through DMN, whereas mindwandering increased the effective connectivity from the DMN to right CEN. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine possible differences in effective connectivity patterns among mindfulness, mind-wandering and resting-state using the triple network. We believe that our findings will provide deeper insights into the neural substrates of mindfulness compared to mind-wandering and resting-state.
Safety and efficacy of nivolumab plus recombinant human endostatin in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Background Evidence of the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus antiangiogenic drugs in previously treated patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still insufficient, so we investigated the safety and efﬁcacy of nivolumab plus recombinant human (rh)-endostatin in such patients. Methods Patients without epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) targetable mutations in advanced NSCLC who did not respond to previous treatment were enrolled. Eligible patients received nivolumab (3 mg/kg, i.v. drip, day 1) every 2 weeks and rh-endostatin (210 mg, continuous i.v. infusion for 168 h) every 4 weeks until disease progression or discontinuation. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR), clinical benefit response rate (CBR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety. Results A total of 34 patients received a median of 4 cycles of therapy. In all, 14 patients achieved conﬁrmed partial response (PR) with an ORR of 41.2% [14/34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 23.7–58.6%], DCR of 64.7% (22/34; 95% CI: 47.8–81.6%), CBR of 44.1% (95% CI: 26.5–61.7%), and a DOR of 6.9 (95% CI: 4.4–9.4) months. Median follow-up was 12.2 (range, 2.3–18.1) months. Median PFS (mPFS) was 6.8 (95% CI: 1.1–12.1) months, median OS (mOS) was 17.1 (95% CI: 6.6–27.6) months, and 12-month survival rate of 64.4% (95% CI: 46.2–82.6%). In all, 18 (18/34, 52.9%) patients experienced at least one treatment-related adverse event (TRAE), and Grade 3 TRAEs occurred in 4 (4/34, 11.8%) of them. Conclusions This study is first to assess nivolumab plus rh-endostatin in previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC. In view of its favorable efﬁcacy and safety proﬁle, this combination represents a promising treatment regimen in this patient population.
Cannabis users and Homo Sovieticus. Stigma, culture, and delegitimization in Riga, Latvia

Abstract Cannabis ‘formula stories’ are disproportionately conceptualized from the gaze of a few mostly high-income Anglo-American nations that not only shape their own narratives and policies of cannabis but are also influential abroad. Lack of research in other mostly non-English-speaking countries has translated into a gap in knowledge about what cannabis formula stories are adopted, and how stigma is conceptualized by cannabis users. Using semi-structured interviews with cannabis users, this paper gives the first insight into how cannabis stigma is constructed in the post-Soviet European Riga, Latvia. Analysis corroborates previous findings of the delegitimization strategies that cannabis users adopt to resist stigma. However, people who stigmatize cannabis use are constructed as Soviet-born and agency-stripped Homo Sovieticus, who perceives all cannabis users as physically discriminable ‘potheads. ’ To avoid sanctions, cannabis users, as members of the generation that does possess agency, avoid appearing as potheads. Thus, the knowledge and considered evasion of symbols that adhere to societal discriminatory ideas about ‘pothead’ cannabis users represent users’ ‘secret knowledge’ and their functional relationship with a cannabis-disdaining society. The study demonstrates how exaggerated stories shift user attention away from reflections about consumption patterns and toward a concern for the critical capacity of exaggerated cannabis story disseminators.
Phenotype Diversity and Gene Myostatin (MSTN) of Bangkok Chicken using PCR-RFLP

This study aims to characterize the phenotype and determine the diversity of the Myostatin (MSTN) gene at Bangkok chickens using the Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. This study used 50 Bangkok chicken blood samples taken from the axillary vein on the wing. DNA was extracted using the protocol Genomic DNA Purification Kit from Promega and then amplified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) using a pair of primers F: 5'GGT TTT GAC GAC ATG AGC CT3' R: 5'CAG GTG GAA TGT CAT GCA GA3' with product length 955 bp. Amplification products were cut using restriction enzyme MboI with cutting site ↓GATC. MSTN|MboI fragments of the Bangkok chicken were electrophoresed using 2% agarose gel and visualized using doc gel. The average difference test (T-test) on body weight and weight gain of Bangkok chickens from DOC to 3 months by gender. Polymorphism analysis includes allele frequency and genotype. Male and female Bangkok chickens have low phenotype diversity. The MSTN|MboI gene fragment is monomorphic with band positions of 492 bp, 244 bp, and 219 bp resulting in a genotype of ++, and there is one type of allele with a + allele frequency of 100%.
Management of Menstrual Hygiene among School-Going Adolescent Girls in an Informal Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic

Puberty is a critical stage for key social-emotional changes and intellectual developments in the transition to adulthood. The lack of knowledge about menstruation and the inefficiency of resources to properly manage body changes consequently leads to anxiety and fear during the transition for some adolescents, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Every girl needs to have access to learning, wellbeing, and future forecasts about menstruation and guidance towards effective menstrual hygiene management. Several adolescent girls and women in informal settlements have a partial understanding of their bodies’ growth and development. Therefore, this study aims to assess the management of menstrual hygiene among school-going adolescent girls in Kibera, Nairobi City County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used with cluster sampling in the selection of schools and a purposive sampling to recruit respondents for the study. A self-designed structured questionnaire, interview study guide, and an observation checklist were used. The data findings were analyzed using SPSS version 23. The study was conducted among 442 adolescent girls from 22 primary schools who resided in the area when the study was carried out. 80% of school-age adolescent girls in Kibera have general knowledge of menstruation being a normal process for the transition of every girl into womanhood. On the contrary, 20% consider it culturally unclean, as menstruation is still considered a taboo. Almost 98.8% of adolescents use some form of menstrual absorbent material, with 86% using a sanitary pad during menstruation. Most schools had separate toilets for boys and girls. Due to COVID-19 protocols, 96% of schools had a handwashing facility equipped with soap and water. However, 80% of the schools did not have water for menstrual hygiene. The findings of the study in Kibera recommend that schools introduce a specific reproductive health study guide to be incorporated for teaching menstruation in schools. Key words: Menstruation, school-going adolescents, management of menstrual hygiene.
Hydrodynamic analysis of propulsion process of zebrafish

This study analyzes the kinematic characteristics and flow field information of zebrafish in straight and steering acceleration states using time-resolved particle image velocimetry to explore how vortices are generated and controlled to achieve the desired motion. The important role of the high- and low-pressure zones in the wake of zebrafish wavy propulsion is also presented by quantifying the pressure field around the zebrafish. With their precise body and motion control, fish have a movement advantage that cannot be achieved by artificial machinery. Exploring the evolutionary process of the fish structure and surrounding flow field during zebrafish autonomous propulsion is helpful for understanding the active control means and propulsion mechanism of fish. Zebrafish were constrained in a transparent water tank, and laser and image acquisitions systems were used to capture their spontaneous movement behavior. The results show that the pull provided by the low-pressure area and the thrust provided by the high-pressure area together provide the forward power of the zebrafish. The findings from this analysis of the bending control and propulsion mechanism of the zebrafish body can facilitate the optimal design of underwater vehicle propulsion methods, such as the propulsion efficiency and maneuverability of a bionic propeller.
Luxury tourism – a review of the literature

This study aims to provide a holistic and comprehensive picture of the current state of luxury tourism research. In order to do so, 119 articles published between 2004-2019 were analysed by content analysis and a systematic literature review. Based on the analysis of the systematic literature review, the study synthesised the theoretical research streams on luxury tourism research. The studies approached the context via ten different key features. The findings suggest that current luxury tourism research concentrates on quantitative studies, conducted mainly in contexts that present traditional luxury tourism products. The synthesis of the theoretical streams identifies that research is based on marketing literature, and this is discussed with four different approaches (1) consumer consumption, (2) brand management, (3) service marketing, and (4) consumer behaviour-oriented perspective. Luxury tourism is a multidimensional and broad concept that requires attention in academic research. The study also gives suggestions for future research opportunities.
Naïve Human Macrophages Are Refractory to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Exhibit a Modest Inflammatory Response Early in Infection

Involvement of macrophages in the SARS-CoV-2-associated cytokine storm, the excessive secretion of inflammatory/anti-viral factors leading to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 patients, is unclear. In this study, we sought to characterize the interplay between the virus and primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). MDM were stimulated with recombinant IFN-α and/or infected with either live or UV-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 or with two reassortant influenza viruses containing external genes from the H1N1 PR8 strain and heterologous internal genes from a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 or a low pathogenic human seasonal H1N1 strain. Virus replication was monitored by qRT-PCR for the E viral gene for SARS-CoV-2 or M gene for influenza and TCID50 or plaque assay, and cytokine levels were assessed semiquantitatively with qRT-PCR and a proteome cytokine array. We report that MDM are not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 whereas both influenza viruses replicated in MDM, albeit abortively. We observed a modest cytokine response in SARS-CoV-2 exposed MDM with notable absence of IFN-β induction, which was instead strongly induced by the influenza viruses. Pre-treatment of MDM with IFN-α enhanced proinflammatory cytokine expression upon exposure to virus. Together, the findings concur that the hyperinflammation observed in SARS-CoV-2 infection is not driven by macrophages.
Knowledge: From Ethical Category to Knowledge Capitalism

In the post-industrial economy, the efficiency of scientific knowledge generation becomes crucial. Researchers began to interpret knowledge as a factor of economic growth in the second half of the 20th century; since then, within the theory of economics and management, various approaches have been developed to study the impact of knowledge on economic growth and performance. With time, the focus of knowledge-based theories shifted from corporate management to macrosystems and economic policy. The article describes the main stages in the development of socio-economic concepts of knowledge and analyzes the theoretical and methodological aspects of each approach. The authors have also formulated the critical problems in the analysis of the economic category of knowledge at the present stage and suggested ways of overcoming them. The article may be of interest both to researchers and practitioners in the sphere of corporate strategies and economic policy.