Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Type-Directed Program Transformations for the Working Functional Programmer

We present preliminary research on Deuce + , a set of tools integrating plain text editing with structural manipulation that brings the power of expressive and extensible type-directed program transformations to everyday, working programmers without a background in computer science or mathematical theory. Deuce + comprises three components: (i) a novel set of type-directed program transformations , (ii) support for syntax constraints for specifying “code style sheets” as a means of ﬂexibly ensuring the consistency of both the concrete and abstract syntax of the output of program transformations, and (iii) a domain-speciﬁc language for specifying program transformations that can operate at a high level on the abstract (and/or concrete) syntax tree of a program and interface with syntax constraints to expose end-user options and alleviate tedious and potentially mutually inconsistent style choices. Currently, Deuce + is in the design phase of development, and discovering the right usability choices for the system is of the highest priority.
Writing as a Way of Participating in Knowledge Construction in Two Argentine University Classrooms

As in other countries, in Argentine universities writing is usually relegated both to the margins of the curriculum (via a general composition course) and to the margins of the courses (in which it is often assigned and then assessed without being explicitly integrated into the instruction). In this context, we explored two singular courses where, on the contrary, teachers have been intertwining writing and disciplinary concepts to mediate meaningful teachers and students’ interactions about contents. This chapter examines how the responsibility towards knowledge construction was managed to increase the participation of students in Linguistics and Biology first-year classrooms. We systematically observed and analyzed classes to identify how writing, whose epistemic potential has been pointed out by numerous investigations, encouraged students’ participation. Following the Theory of Joint Action in Didactics (Sensevy, 2007; 2011), we show that writing served as a way of sharing, constructing and negotiating knowledge. In particular, we found that (a) writing had a different prominent function in each class (as a teaching object in the Linguistics classroom and as a learning tool in the * Post-doctoral fellow with the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (Conicet, Argentina). Assistant Professor at the Universidad Nacional del Sur (Argentina). Member of Giceolem (Group for Educational Quality and Inclusiveness by Taking Care of Reading and Writing in all Subjects). E-mail: elena.molina@uns.edu. ar ** Principal Research Professor with the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (Conicet, Argentina), based at the Universidad de Buenos Aires. Full Professor with the Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (Argentina). Chair of Giceolem. E-mail: giceolem@gmail.com. [https://sites.google. com/site/giceolem2010/who-are-we]. 236 | María Elena Molina & Paula Carlino Biology course); and (b) these different functions were enabled by the didactic contracts and the milieus that teachers and students shared.
Treating Obesity in a Vulnerable Clientele Living in Foster Families: A Systemic Solution

Obesity in a vulnerable clientele living in foster families such as persons treated with antipsychotic medications and/or mental retardation is a complex problem with serious health consequences. This study reports on a two-year family intervention that aimed at improving the health of this clientele. The target of the intervention was the entire obesogenics ystem. The intervention meetings were primarily with the cooks (here considered the experts) with additional attention to the extended system members such as the case workers and the treating physicians. Results show that consuming three portions of vegetables (excluding potatoes), using fruit as substitute for desert and practicing physical activity at least four times per week lead to sustainable weight loss for the target clientele as well as the other members of the family. Results further suggest the effectiveness of interventions directed toward the person responsible for the meals in a family system and not solely the target clientele.
Extraction of bioactive peptides from porcine blood and liver, and their effects on quality of functional pork loaves

The present study was conducted to optimize the process protocol for enzymatic hydrolysis of porcine blood and liver proteins and evaluation of recovered hydrolysates for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity; development of inulin powder (IP) incorporated fibre enriched pork loaves, incorporation of protein hydrolysates in developed pork loaves and evaluation of shelf life of the pork loaves in different packaging conditions. Three proteolytic enzymes viz. Alcalase, Trypsin and Papain were used at the ratio of 1:100 (enzyme: substrate) to hydrolyse (5% w/v in phosphate buffer) porcine blood and liver for 6 h at specific temperature (50 o C for Alcalase and Papain and 37 o C for Trypsin). The degree of hydrolysis (DH) increased significantly (P<0.05) upto 6 h on hydrolysis with Alcalase and Papain, whereas Trypsin, DH increased (P<0.05) upto 4 h, there after a non-significant increase was observed. The antioxidant activity assessed by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assay increased significantly (P<0.05) with the increase in hydrolysis time as well as the degree of hydrolysis. The Trypsin exhibited higher antioxidant activity as compared to Alcalase and Papain. The whole hydrolysates were fractioned using ultrafiltration and were observed that the whole hydrolysates have higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activity than its fractions. The selected whole hydrolysates from porcine blood and liver protein were incorporated into pork emulsion and observed that 0.09% (T3) for Alcalase and Papain, and 0.06% (T2) for Trypsin treated samples were suitable for incorporation in pork loaves. Inulin powder (IP) was incorporated at three different levels in pork loaves and 2% IP (T2) was selected on better physico-chemical and sensory attributes. The selected hydrolysates from porcine blood and liver protein were incorporated in fibre enriched pork loaves and products containing 0.06% porcine liver/blood protein hydrolysates by Trypsin (T2) were selected for further storage study. The developed pork loaves incorporated with porcine blood/liver protein hydrolysates could be successfully stored under aerobic packaging conditions for 28 days and under MAP conditions (30% CO2 and 70% N2) for 42 days at 4±1 o C with an acceptable sensory, oxidative and microbial quality attributes.
Meta-analysis of rare diseases in occupational epidemiology

At the outset of this research in the early 2000s, the application of meta-analysis in observational epidemiology, including occupational epidemiology was regarded as controversial because of the greater potential for bias in such studies compared with randomized controlled clinical trials. This remains true even in 2017. The overall aim for this research is to identify the best approaches to the use of meta-analysis in the occupational health setting, and to summarise through meta-analysis the evidence at to whether or not occupational exposure to formaldehyde is an occupational carcinogen. Chapter 2 of this thesis concluded that meta-analysis in occupational epidemiology was becoming increasingly popular, but that its limitations appear not to have been heeded in practice. Two principal issues were identified: the heterogeneity of exposures estimates and the pooling of standardized mortality ratios from different study populations with different characteristics including length of follow-up. By 2016, neither of these issues had been addressed in the literature. Chapter 3 contains a description of the published statistical methods available for meta-analysis up to 2001. Methodological developments continue within the discipline of randomized controlled clinical trials and recently include the advent of multivariate methods and network analysis. It has been recommended that any new methods should be backed up by simulations. Chapter 4 concludes that the default approach adopted by most statistical packages could not deal with such studies and excluded them from any calculations. In meta-analyses of rare diseases, this biases the meta-relative risks upwards. Approaches that avoided exclusion of such studies are considered, in particular analyses on the original untransformed scale rather than the log scale. Chapter 5 concludes that there remains insufficient evidence for an association. There was significant heterogeneity in the lung cancer results and so this is a random effects analysis; the analyses for nasopharyngeal and sinonasal cancer contains no such heterogeneity and so are fixed effect analyses. The final chapter concludes that, when studies with zero cases are not excluded, there is insufficient evidence of an increased risk of lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer or sinonasal cancer, and that further methodological developments are still required to deal with the pooling of occupational epidemiological studies in relation to study characteristics, exposure assessments and standardised mortality ratios.
Aplicativos para adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1: revisão integrativa da literatura

Resumo Objetivo: Examinar os recursos de aplicativos para dispositivos moveis destinados ao autocuidado de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Metodos: Revisao integrativa por meio da busca de artigos nos periodicos indexados nas bases de dados: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciencias da Saude, PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Scopus, e Web of Science no periodo de 2012 a 2017, utilizando os seguintes descritores: aplicativos moveis, autocuidado e diabetes mellitus tipo 1, [. ]
Long‐term Effects of 222‐nm ultraviolet radiation C Sterilizing Lamps on Mice Susceptible to Ultraviolet Radiation

Germicidal lamps that emit primarily 254 nm ultraviolet radiation (UV) are routinely utilized for surface sterilization but cannot be used for human skin because they cause genotoxicity. As an alternative, 222‐nm UVC has been reported to exert sterilizing ability comparable to that of 254‐nm UVC without producing cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), the major DNA lesions caused by UV. However, there has been no clear evidence for safety in chronic exposure to skin, particularly with respect to carcinogenesis. We therefore investigated the long‐term effects of 222‐nm UVC on skin using a highly photocarcinogenic phenotype mice that lack xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (Xpa‐) gene, which is involved in repairing of CPDs. CPDs formation was recognized only uppermost layer of epidermis even with high dose of 222‐nm UVC exposure. No tumors were observed in Xpa‐knockout mice and wild‐type mice by repetitive irradiation with 222‐nm UVC, using a protocol which had shown to produce tumor in Xpa‐knockout mice irradiated with broad‐band UVB. Furthermore, erythema and ear swelling were not observed in both genotype mice following 222‐nm UVC exposure. Our data suggest that 222‐nm UVC lamps can be safely used for sterilizing human skin as far as the perspective of skin cancer development.
Statistics in Nuclear Cardiology: Optimizing Assessment of Agreement between Like Continuous Measurements

Clinical researchers often need to quantify the degree of agreement, the “closeness,” between two quantitative methods of measurement taken on the same subject and same variable, either when a new or revised method is considered for use in place of an established one or when measurements are separated by time. An ideal model of agreement would capture the degree of exactly equal outcomes. Analysis should be based on differences between two methods of measurement. Inappropriate statistical methods, including correlation, e.g. Pearson’s r, are often used. But correlation, r, measures the degree of linear relationship between two variables, not the extent of agreement. A more informative and appropriate tool, the Bland and Altman (B&A) plot analysis, uses a graphical approach to present and assess differences between two measures. The differences between paired measurements are plotted on the Y-axis against the mean of the paired measures on the X-axis. The B&A chart allows for assessment of bias, both in size and consistency, over the range of measurements; it does not specify whether the agreement limits are acceptable; acceptable limits must be defined before. Additional reference lines can facilitate interpretation of the scatter plot.
Neurocognitive functioning in patients with conversion disorder/functional neurological disorder

Neurocognitive symptoms are common in individuals with somatic symptom and related disorders (SSRD), but little is known about the specific impairments in neurocognitive domains in patients with conversion disorder (CD)/functional neurological disorder (FND). This study examines neurocognitive functioning in patients with CD/FND compared to patients with other SSRD. The sample consisted of 318 patients. Twenty‐nine patients were diagnosed with CD/FND, mean age 42.4, standard deviation (SD) = 13.8 years, 79.3% women, and 289 patients had other SSRD (mean age 42.1, SD = 13.3, 60.2% women). Patients completed a neuropsychological test battery that addressed a broad range of neurocognitive domains, including information processing speed, attention and executive functioning. Patients with CD/FND had clinically significant neurocognitive deficits in all neurocognitive domains based on normative data comparison. Patients with CD/FND also performed significantly worse than patients with other SSRD on information processing speed (Digit Symbol Substitution Test (V = .115, p = .035), Stroop Color–Word Test (SCWT) card 1 (V = .190, p = .006), and SCWT card 2 (V = .244, p < .001). No CD/FND vs. other SSRD differences were observed in other neurocognitive domains. These findings indicate the patients with CD/FND perform worse on information processing speed tests compared to patients with other SSRD.
Burnout in Palliative Care Settings Compared With Other Settings: A Systematic Review

A systematic review, using the guideline of the Joanna Briggs Institute, was conducted to explore the effect of working in palliative care settings, compared with other settings, on burnout among health care professionals. Multiple databases were searched—CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO—as well as gray literature for studies published since 1975 that compared health professionals caring for patients older than 18 years in specialized palliative care settings (palliative care units, home care, or hospices) with health professionals working in other settings. Of the 539 studies retrieved, 7 cross-sectional studies were included in this review. Of these, six were conducted with nurses, and six used the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Working in palliative care (palliative care unit or hospices) was associated with lower levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, as well as higher levels of personal accomplishment, compared with working in other settings. Evidence indicates that burnout levels seem to be lower among professionals working in palliative care compared with professionals working in other settings. Further research is needed to explore the strategies used by nurses working in palliative care that help them deal with burnout and to apply these same strategies to professionals working in other settings.
Not so robust: Robusta coffee production is highly sensitive to temperature

Coffea canephora (robusta coffee) is the most heat‐tolerant and ‘robust’ coffee species and therefore considered more resistant to climate change than other types of coffee production. However, the optimum production range of robusta has never been quantified, with current estimates of its optimal mean annual temperature range (22–30°C) based solely on the climatic conditions of its native range in the Congo basin, Central Africa. Using 10 years of yield observations from 798 farms across South East Asia coupled with high‐resolution precipitation and temperature data, we used hierarchical Bayesian modeling to quantify robusta's optimal temperature range for production. Our climate‐based models explained yield variation well across the study area with a cross‐validated mean R2 = . 51. We demonstrate that robusta has an optimal temperature below 20.5°C (or a mean minimum/maximum of ≤16.2/24.1°C), which is markedly lower, by 1.5–9°C than current estimates. In the middle of robusta's currently assumed optimal range (mean annual temperatures over 25.1°C), coffee yields are 50% lower compared to the optimal mean of ≤20.5°C found here. During the growing season, every 1°C increase in mean minimum/maximum temperatures above 16.2/24.1°C corresponded to yield declines of ~14% or 350–460 kg/ha (95% credible interval). Our results suggest that robusta coffee is far more sensitive to temperature than previously thought. Current assessments, based on robusta having an optimal temperature range over 22°C, are likely overestimating its suitable production range and its ability to contribute to coffee production as temperatures increase under climate change. Robusta supplies 40% of the world's coffee, but its production potential could decline considerably as temperatures increase under climate change, jeopardizing a multi‐billion dollar coffee industry and the livelihoods of millions of farmers.
Leaf cuticle analyses: Implications for the existence of cutan/non-ester cutin and its biosynthetic origin.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The cuticle of a limited number of plant species contains cutan, a chemically highly resistant biopolymer. As yet, the biosynthesis of cutan is not fully understood. Attempting to further unravel the origin of cutan, we analysed the chemical composition of enzymatically isolated cuticular membranes of Agave americana leaves. METHODS Cuticular waxes were extracted with organic solvents. Subsequently, the dewaxed cuticular membrane was depolymerised by acid-catalysed transesterification yielding cutin monomers and cutan, a non-hydrolysable, cuticular membrane residue. The cutan matrix was analysed by thermal extraction, flash pyrolysis and THM to elucidate the monomeric composition and deducing a putative biosynthetic origin. KEY RESULTS According to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses, the cuticular waxes of A. americana contained primarily very-long-chain alkanoic acids and primary alkanols dominated by C32, whereas the cutin biopolyester of A. americana mainly consisted of 9,10-epoxy ω-hydroxy and 9,10,ω-trihydroxy C18 alkanoic acids. The main aliphatic cutan monomers were alkanoic acids, primary alkanols, ω-hydroxy alkanoic acids and alkane-α,ω-diols ranging predominantly from C28 to C34 and maximizing at C32. Minor contributions of benzene-1,3,5-triol and derivatives suggested that these aromatic moieties form the polymeric core of cutan, to which the aliphatic moieties are linked via ester and possibly ether bonds. CONCLUSIONS High similarity of aliphatic moieties in the cutan and the cuticular wax component indicated a common biosynthetic origin. In order to exclude species-specific peculiarities of A. americana and to place our results in a broader context, cuticular waxes, cutin and cutan of Clivia miniata, Ficus elastica and Prunus laurocerasus leaves were investigated, too. A detailed comparison showed compositional and structural differences and pointed out that cutan was only found in leaves of perennial evergreen A. americana and C. miniata and made clear that the phenomenon of cutan is possibly less present in plant species than suggested in the literature.
A Practice‐Based, Clinical Pharmacokinetic Study to Inform Levetiracetam Dosing in Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration (PADRE‐01)

Limited data exist on the effect of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) methods on anti‐epileptic drug pharmacokinetics (PK). This prospective practice‐based PK study aims to assess the impact of continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH), a modality of CRRT, on levetiracetam PK in critically ill patients and to derive individualized dosing recommendations. Eleven patients receiving oral or intravenous levetiracetam and CVVH in various intensive care units at a large academic medical center were enrolled to investigate the need for dosing adjustments. Prefilter, postfilter, and ultrafiltrate samples were obtained before dosing, after the completion of the infusion or 1‐hour postoral dose, and up to 6 additional time points postinfusion or postoral administration. Patient‐specific blood and ultrafiltrate flow rates and laboratory values were also collected at the time of sampling. The average sieving coefficient (SC) for levetiracetam was 0.89 ± 0.1, indicating high filter efficiency. Six of the 11 patients experienced concentrations outside the reported therapeutic range (12–46 mg/L). The average volume of distribution was 0.73 L/kg. CVVH clearance contributes a major fraction of the total levetiracetam clearance (36–73%) in neurocritically ill patients. The average bias and precision of the estimated vs. observed total clearance value was ~ 10.6% and 21.5%. Major dose determinants were identified to be SC and effluent flow rate. Patients with higher ultrafiltrate rates will have increased drug clearance and, therefore, will require higher doses in order to match exposures seen in patients with normal renal function.
Maternal administration of bisphenol A alters the microglial profile in the neocortex of mouse weanlings

Bisphenol A (BPA) is known to cause abnormal neurogenesis in the developing neocortex. The mechanisms of BPA toxicity concerning neuroinflammatory‐related endpoints are incompletely characterized. To evaluate the microglial morphology and the gene expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the newborn neocortex, ICR mice were exposed to BPA 200 μg/kg/d on gestational day 6 through post‐partum day 21. Weanlings exposed during prenatal and postnatal period to BPA showed an increased number of amoeboid‐type microglia, a microglial differentiation disruption (the M1/M2 microglial ratio), and an abnormal expression of genes encoding pro‐inflammatory factors. These findings suggest that the well‐known neurodevelopmental toxicity of BPA may be related to an increased microglial activation and neuroinflammation in the neocortex.
Deep learning-based retinal vessel segmentation by cross-modal learning

In this work, a deep-learning based approach is presented to segment the retinal vascular tree in images from Fundus Photography (FP) and Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (SLO). FP and SLO images of four and two publicly available datasets, respectively, were used in this study. A state-of-the-art convolutional neural network, U-net, was trained on each dataset individually and either on FP or SLO images without augmentation or pre-processing. For each dataset, 70% of the images were used for training, 20% for validation, and a ﬁnal 10% for testing. The patch size (32, 64, 128, and 256) and number of patches were studied in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and speciﬁcity. The performance of each network on a diﬀerent modality was also tested. The models trained on each dataset showed a performance comparable to the state-of-the art and to the inter-rater reliability. Overall, the best performance was observed for the largest patch size (256) and the maximum number of overlapped images in each dataset, with a mean sensitivity, speciﬁcity, and accuracy of 0.89 ± 0.05, 0.95 ± 0.02, and 0.95 ± 0.02, respectively. Models trained and tested on the same modality presented a sensitivity, speciﬁcity, and accuracy equal or higher than 0.9. However, the validation on a diﬀerent modality has shown a signiﬁcantly better sensitivity on those trained on FP. A state-of-the-art network, such as U-net, can thus be trained without pre-processing and augmentation and still perform as good as a manual grader as far as a large patch size and enough images are assured.