Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Remotely triggered seismicity in north China following the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake

We conduct a systematic survey of remote triggering of earthquakes in north China following the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. We identify triggered earthquakes as impulsive seismic energies with clear P and S arrivals on 5 Hz high-pass-filtered three-component velocity seismograms during and immediately after the passage of teleseismic waves. We find clearly triggered seismic activity near the Babaoshan and Huangzhuang-Gaoliying faults southwest of Beijing, and near the aftershock zone of the 1976 MW 7.6 Tangshan earthquake. While several earthquakes occur during and immediately after the teleseismic waves in the aftershock zone of the 1975 Mw 7.0 Haicheng earthquake, the change of seismicity is not significant enough to establish the direct triggering relationship. Our results suggest that intraplate regions with active faults associated with major earthquakes during historic or recent times are susceptible to remote triggering. We note that this does not always guarantee the triggering to occur, indicating that other conditions are needed. Since none of these regions is associated with any active geothermal or volcanic activity, we infer that dynamic triggering could be ubiquitous and occur in a wide range of tectonic environments.
Analyzing Online Learning Discourse using Probabilistic Topic Models

12 This exploratory study applied probabilistic topic models to analyze the online 13 discourse over the topic of optics among a group of Grade 4 students. Using the 14 Latent Dirchilet Allocation (LDA) model, we extract ten distinct and 15 semantically meaningful clusters (i.e., topics) from the online discourse, which 16 overlap substantially with —although do not map directly onto—the inquiry 17 themes identified by students and researchers. The LDA analysis further 18 identifies discourse entries relevant to each of the topics, with a high-level 19 agreement achieved between the automated analysis results and the manual 20 coding of two researchers. Further analysis with LDA helps to trace the 21 evolution of different topics over time and compare student discourse against the 22 expectations of the curriculum. These results suggest the potential of LDA to 23 help trace and assess online discussions in collaborative learning settings and 24 online courses. 25
Investigation on effect of air velocity in turbulent non-premixed flames

In this study, the turbulent non-premixed methane-air ﬂame is simulated to determine the eﬀect of air velocity on the length of ﬂame, temperature distribution and mole fraction of species. The computational ﬂuid dynamics (CFD) technique is used to perform this simulation. To solve the turbulence ﬂow, k-ε model is used. In contrast to the previous works, in this study, in each one of simulations the properties of materials are taken variable and then the results are compared. The results show that at a certain ﬂow rate of fuel, by increasing the air velocity, similar to when the properties are constant, the width of the ﬂame becomes thinner and the maximum temperature is higher; the penetration of oxygen into the fuel as well as fuel consumption is also increased. It is noteworthy that most of the pollutants produced are NOx, which are strongly temperature dependent. The amount of these pollutants rises when the temperature is increased. As a solution, decreasing the air velocity can decrease the amount of these pollutants. Finally, comparing the result of this study and the other work, which considers constant properties, shows that the variable properties assumption leads to obtaining more exact solution but the trends of both results are similar.
Local wellposedness of quasilinear Maxwell equations with conservative interface conditions

We establish a comprehensive local wellposedness theory for the quasilinear Maxwell system with interfaces in the space of piecewise $H^m$-functions for $m \geq 3$. The system is equipped with instantaneous and piecewise regular material laws and perfectly conducting interfaces and boundaries. We also provide a blow-up criterion in the Lipschitz norm and prove the continuous dependence on the data. The proof relies on precise a priori estimates and the regularity theory for the corresponding linear problem also shown here.
Entanglement robustness against particle loss in multiqubit systems

When some of the parties of a multipartite entangled pure state are lost, the question arises whether the residual mixed state is also entangled, in which case the initial entangled pure state is said to be robust against particle loss. In this paper, we investigate this entanglement robustness for $N$-qubit pure states. We identify exhaustively all entangled states that are fragile, i.e., not robust, with respect to the loss of any single qubit of the system. We also study the entanglement robustness properties of symmetric states and put these properties in the perspective of the classification of states with respect to stochastic local operations assisted with classic communication (SLOCC classification).
A Surveillance System to Create and Distribute Geo-Referenced Mosaics Using SUAV Video

A SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM TO CREATE AND DISTRIBUTE GEO-REFERENCED MOSAICS FROM SUAV VIDEO Evan D. Andersen Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Master of Science Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SUAVs) are an attractive choice for many surveillance tasks. However, video from an SUAV can be di cult to use in its raw form. In addition, the limitations inherent in the SUAV platform inhibit the distribution of video to remote users. To solve the problems with using SUAV video, we propose a system to automatically create geo-referenced mosiacs of video frames. We also present three novel techniques we have developed to improve ortho-recti cation and geo-location accuracy of the mosaics. The most successful of these techniques is able to reduce geo-location error by a factor of 15 with minimal computational overhead. The proposed system overcomes communications limitations by transmitting the mosaics to a central server where there they can easily be accessed by remote users via the Internet. Using ight test results, we show that the proposed mosaicking system achieves real-time performance and produces high-quality and accurately geo-referenced imagery.
A Framework to Reason about the Legal Compliance of Security Standards

Achieving compliance with legal regulations is no easy task. Normally, laws state general requirements but do not provide clear parameters to determine when such requirements are met. On a different level, industrial standards and best practices define specific objectives that can be certified by means of auditing procedures from qualified bodies. Implementing a standard does not per se guarantee legal compliance, with the rare exception when the standard is also endorsed by the law itself. But standards and laws in the same domain may have overlaps and correlations, so adopting the former may provide an argument to demonstrate that adequate measures were taken to achieve legal compliance. In this paper, we introduce a framework that, using stateof-the-art Natural Language Semantics techniques, helps process legal documents and standards to build a knowledge base to store their logic representations, and the correlations between them. The knowledge base will help legal experts assess what requirements of the law are met by the standard and, consequently, recognize what requirements still need to be implemented to fill the remaining gaps. An application of the framework is exemplified by comparing a provision of the European General Data Protection Regulation against the ISO/IEC 27001:2013 standard.
Quality Improvement of Information Retrieval System Results by Document Classification

In traditional search engines, the most common way to show results for a query is to list documents in order of their computed relevance to the query. However, the ranking is independent of the topic of the document;so the results of different topics are not grouped together. In this situation, the user must scroll though many irrelevant results until his desired information need is found. One solution is to organize search results via classification. Many researchers have shown that classifying web pages can improve a search engine's ranking of results. Intuitively results should be more relevant when they match the class of a query. In this paper, we present a simple framework for classification-enhanced ranking that uses query class in combination with the classification of web pages to derive a class distribution for the query. In this regard, we propose a hybrid IR search strategy that begins with a 3-gram classification-based strategy and reverts to a ranked-list strategy if the user doesn’t find the target document in selected class.The experiment results on Hamshahri corpus show satisfactory results.
A Review on Pedestrian Detection in the Vehicle Dashpot and Surveillance Camera Video Footage

Automation plays an important role in the universe. The automation is having more impact in vehicle. A pedestrian detection is required for advance d driver assistance system and security surveillance system. The video is captured using camera which may fit in the vehicle dashpot or CCTV footage fitted in home or industry. The videos are converted into frames. The frames are analyzed and further pedestrian is detected using image processing techniques. In this paper, the review is carried out using the recent research work. Around 20 numbers of papers are taken for the review. The various techniques used in the pedestrian detection such as histogram oriented gradient method, SURF, SIFT, LDA are gathered using the review. The various classifiers required to identify the person or detecting the pedestrian are analyzed. The various hardware implementations used in the recent research is discussed. The recently achieved accuracy and error rate are analyzed using the review.
朝陽學報第九期 2 Shape-Based Image Retrieval Using Compact R-tree

Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems are evaluated by two major issues: retrieval accuracy and efficiency. Since it has been shown that significant visual information extracted from images can achieve similarity retrievals with high performance of accuracy, most of traditional CBIR systems were dedicated to visual feature extraction. However, they usually need a lot of efforts to search through the whole database and then generate a moderate number of plausible retrievals in response to a user's query. As a result, retrieval efficiency is a bottleneck when the matching process is progressed over a large number of image data. In this paper, we propose a data converting process in transforming extracted visual information in the feature domain into rectangular data in the spatial domain. Furthermore, we present an efficient index structure to arrange all rectangular data into a compact organization based on the techniques of a compact R-tree. Founded on our index structure, the ways of measuring similarity between images and the algorithms for retrieving interested images are both proposed. High retrieval efficiency relies on the cooperation of all proposed techniques. We have simulated several experiments over an image database containing over 1000 trademarks and logo types in order to reveal that our method has good performance in retrieval accuracy and efficiency.
Store Fulfillment Strategy for an Omni-Channel Retailer

In this paper, we study the fulfillment strategies of an omni-channel retailer who wants to leverage her established offline retail channel infrastructure to help online sales. We consider a single product that is sold in both online and offline channels to non-overlapping markets with independent Poisson demand. The offline store can fulfill online demand at an additional handling and fulfillment cost, k, but not vice versa. The retailer makes decisions at three different levels: 1) at the strategic level the retailer must establish a fulfillment structure in terms of where to stock inventory in the two channels, 2) at the tactical level, the retailer decides how much inventory to have for each channel before the season starts, 3) at the operational level throughout the season, as demand unfolds and inventory depletes, the retailer makes rationing decision about whether to use offline inventory to fill online order at any moment. We build separate and integrated models to study these decisions, and find that the optimal rationing decision has a threshold-based structure that depends critically on k and the mix of demand between the two channels. Two simple rationing heuristics are proposed and shown to be effective. Furthermore, integrating the rationing policy into higherlevel decisions, we show that it can have significant impact on the retailer’s stocking and fulfillment structure decisions. As a result, we propose an integrated policy, where the retailer builds separate inventory stocks for each channel but can use the offline inventory to back up online sales, subject to a rationing heuristic procedure. The heuristic is simple, effective, and robust. We discuss the various practical implications of our findings. Finally, numerical test results confirm the analytical findings and also guide us to propose expanded heuristics that work well with multiple offline stores.
Simultaneous Acquisition of Multicolor Information From Neural Circuits in Resin-Embedded Samples

Resin embedding has been widely used for precise imaging of fluorescently labeled biological samples with optical and electron microscopy. The low preservation rate of fluorescence, especially for red fluorescent proteins, has limited the application of resin embedding in multifluorescent protein-labeled samples. Here, we optimized the embedding method to retain the intensity of multiple fluorescent proteins during resin embedding. By reducing the polymerization temperature from 50 to 35°C and adding a fluorescent protein protection reagent during the embedding process, we successfully increased the fluorescence preservation rate by nearly twofold for red fluorescent proteins, including tdTomato, mCherry, and DsRed. Meanwhile, the background fluorescence decreased significantly in the optimized embedding method. This method is suitable not only for red fluorescent protein-labeled samples but also for blue (BFP) and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled samples. We embedded brains labeled with BFP, DsRed, and GFP via AAV and rabies virus and acquired the distribution of input neurons to different cortical areas. With GFP/tdTomato double-labeled samples in resin, we obtained the cholinergic projectome of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) and the distribution of cholinergic neurons at single-neuron resolution in the whole brain simultaneously. Input cholinergic terminals from the PPTg were found to innervate the cholinergic soma and fiber in the neocortex, basal forebrain and brainstem, indicating that local cholinergic neurons received long-range cholinergic modulation from the midbrain. Our optimized method is useful for embedding multicolor fluorescent protein-labeled samples to acquire multidimensional structural information on neural circuits at single-neuron resolution in the whole brain.
Exploring Visuo-Haptic Mixed Reality

In recent years, systems that allow users to see and touch virtual objects in the same space are being investigated. We refer to these systems as visuo-haptic mixed reality (VHMR) systems. Most research projects are employing a half-mirror, while few use a video seethrough, head-mounted display (HMD). We have developed an HMD-based, VHMR painting application, which introduces new interaction techniques that could not be implemented with a half-mirror display. We present a user study to discuss its benefits and limitations. While we could not solve all technical problems, our work can serve as an important fundament for future research.
Local Heat Transfer and Recovery Temperatures on a Yawed Cylinder at a Mach Number of 4.15 and High Reynolds Numbers

Abstract : Design studies of hypersonic lifting vehicles have generally indicated that aerodynamic heating may be reduced by using highly swept configurations with blunted leading edges. For laminar boundary layers the effect of sweep angle A on the heat transfer at the leading edge is usually taken as cos A as shown by the data of Feller (ref. 1) who measured the average heat transfer on the front half of a swept cylinder. More recent data (refs. 2 and 3) have indicated that the effect of sweep may be more nearly cos3/2 Lambda which, at a sweep angle of 75 deg, would result in a 50-percent reduction of the heat transfer predicted by the cos A variation. The data and theory of reference 4 also indicate a cos3/2 lambda variation but the theories of references 5 and 6 indicate a variation somewhere between cos A and cos3/2 lambda for large stream Mach numbers. The data of reference 7, in contrast to the investigations just cited, showed large increases in average heat transfer to a circular leading edge with increasing A up to a lambda of about 40 deg. These increases in heat transfer were probably caused by transition to turbulent flow which apparently resulted primarily from the inherent instability of the three-dimensional boundary layer flow on a yawed cylinder. The leading-edge Reynolds numbers of reference 7 were considerably larger than the values in references 1 to 4 and were also larger than typical values for full-scale leading edges of hypersonic vehicles; hence, the main application of the high Reynolds number tests will probably be to bodies at angle of attack.
Main and Economic Activity of Non-Profit Organizations from the Point of Individual Legal Forms

JAKUBCOVÁ MARIE, PLACIER KLÁRA. 2017. Main and Economic Activity of Non‐Profit Organizations from the Point of Individual Legal Forms. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 65(2): 429–440. The article focuses on data, gathered from non‐governmental non‐profit organizations (NGOs) seated on the territory of the Czech Republic. Data collected from NGOs defined also by their legal form (association, subsidiary association, public benefit corporation, church legal entity) helped to monitor the structure of main and economic activity of organizations. In the article, the mutual differences in the main and economic activity of NGOs are analysed. The link between legal form and selected categories of main activities according to the classification COPNI has been verified by the Fisher’s exact test with p‐values computed by Monte Carlo simulations using 2,000 replications. Furthermore, this test has been used to prove statistically significant dependency between the individual categories of main and economic activities. On the basis of a conclusive statistical survey at the level 5 %, the dependency between legal form of non‐governmental non‐profit organization and its main activity has been verified as well as the correlation between main and economic activities of associations.
Relationship Between Cellulolytic Activity and Adhesion to Cellulose in Ruminococcus Albus

SUMMARY: Bacterial adhesion to cellulose was measured for 13 cellulolytic and 10 non-cellulolytic, xylan-utilizing strains of the ruminal bacterium Ruminococcus albus. Radiolabelled bacteria adhering to Whatman CF11 cellulose powder were determined. Adhesion of the cellulolytic strains ranged from 0 to 49% of the added bacteria. Of the non-cellulolytic strains, 9 showed < 1% adhesion, while one strain gave 5% adhesion. For the cellulolytic strains filter paper solubilization ranged from 24 to 100%, while solubilization of CF11 cellulose varied from 0 to 20%. Both cellulolytic and non-cellulolytic strains produced carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) activity. SDS-PAGE of cell extracts followed by incubation with a gel overlay containing CMC or xylan produced a zymogram of hydrolytic enzyme activity. The cellulolytic strains showed a number of bands of CMCase and xylanase activity. Non-cellulolytic strains possessed fewer bands of activity towards both CMC and xylan. Certain of the enzymes appeared to possess both CMCase and xylanase activity. Bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity was also measured, but no correlation was found between hydrophobicity and adhesion to cellulose.
Global Stability Analysis and Optimal Control of a Harvested Ecoepidemiological Prey Predator Model with Vaccination and Taxation

We propose an ecoepidemiological prey predator model, where selective harvest effort on predator population is considered. Vaccination and taxation are introduced as control instruments, which are utilized to control number of susceptible prey population and protect predator population from overexploitation, respectively. Conditions which influence nonnegativity and boundedness of solutions are studied. Global stability analysis around disease-free equilibrium is discussed based on robust Bendixson criterion, which is theoretically beneficial to studying coexist ence and interaction mechanism of population within harvested ecoepidemiological system. By using Pontryagin’s maximum principle, an optimal control strategy is derived to maximize the total discounted net economic revenue to society as well as protect prey population from infectious disease. Numerical simulations are carried out to show the consistency with theoretical analysis.
ROC Analysis for the Evaluation of Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) as a Long-term Alcohol Biomarker in Hair and Fingernails: Evidence from a Large College Drinking Study

Previous studies on human hair samples have shown mixed results regarding the diagnostic accuracy of the biomarker Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in screening subjects for heavy alcohol use. In contrast, the use of human fingernails to detect EtG has only been explored in one study and the utility of fingernail EtG tests as a screening tool for individuals with problematic levels of alcohol consumption is currently unknown. This paper seeks to narrow that gap in the literature by contrasting the continuous biomarkers hair and fingernail EtG with a modified diagnostic criterion of “presence of alcohol abuse or dependence” that was constructed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) and DSM-IV criteria. The data for the present study were collected from a random sample of 606 undergraduate students from a large, public urban university. The paper reports early analysis results from what is still an ongoing research process and focuses on the statistical approaches that were employed using various SAS/STAT® procedures and SAS® macros.
Inverse Model based Torque Vectoring Control For a Rear Wheel Driven Battery Electric Vehicle

This paper presents the torque vectoring control concept for a vehicle with two powerful wheel individual electric drives at the rear axle. The direct yaw moment control which is enabled by a differential torque at the rear axle drives offers the potential for shaping the yaw motion of the car in a considerable range. The control concept introduced here is primarily oriented at practical considerations. Together with the tools presented it is conveniently adaptable to any vehicle data. The focus is on yaw dynamics control. A reference yaw rate is determined by combining conveniently tunable linear dynamics with a nonlinear steady state gain, the latter in order to establish a desired self-steering behavior. An inverse single track model is used for cancellation of the yaw dynamics induced by the yaw torque. It is a significant part of the applied feed-forward control. Moreover, it is employed by the optional yaw rate feedback control which is based on the inverse disturbance observer scheme. Both the effectiveness of the control concept and the practical ease of control parameter calibration were validated in driving experiments.