Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
De strafbaarheid van een grondrecht: de Wet Openbare Manifestaties en het grondrechtelijk karakter van de betoging

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CHARACTERIZATION OF BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.) WITH ALTERED CARBOHYDRATE COMPOSITION

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . x LIST OF FIGURES . xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xii LIST OF APPENDICES . xiii CHAPTER
Aligning speech and co-speech gesture in a constraint-based grammar

This paper concerns the form-meaning mapping of communicative actions consisting of speech and improvised co-speech gestures. Based on the findings of previous cognitive and computational approaches, we advance a new theory in which this form-meaning mapping is analysed in a constraint-based grammar. Motivated by observations in naturally occurring examples, we propose several construction rules, which use linguistic form, gesture form and their relative timing to constrain the derivation of a single speech-gesture syntax tree, from which a meaning representation can be composed via standard methods for semantic composition. The paper further reports on implementing these speech-gesture construction rules within the English Resource Grammar (Copestake and Flickinger 2000). Since gestural form often underspecifies its meaning, the logical formulae that are composed via syntax are underspecified so that current models of the semantics/pragmatics interface support the range of possible interpretations of the speech-gesture act in its context of use.
A novel and simple higher order shear deformation theory for stability and vibration of functionally graded sandwich plate

In this work, a new higher shear deformation theory (HSDT) is developed for the free vibration and buckling of functionally graded (FG) sandwich plates. The proposed theory presents a new displacement field by using undetermined integral terms. Only four unknowns are employed in this theory, which is less than the classical first shear deformation theory (FSDT) and others HSDTs. Equations of motion are obtained via Hamilton\'s principle. The analytical solutions of FG sandwich plates are determined by employing the Navier method. A good agreement between the computed results and the available solutions of existing HSDTs is found to prove the accuracy of the developed theory.
Cellular localisation and function of a sucrose transporter OsSUT1 in developing rice grains

We previously reported the cloning and tissue-specific expression of a gene encoding a sucrose/proton symporter in rice (Oryza sativa L.), OsSUT1 (Hirose et al. 1997, Plant Cell Physiology38, 1389–1396). This gene is expressed at high levels in the filling grain, leaf sheath and stem. Expression in these tissues occurred only after heading i.e. during the development of the reproductive structure as a major sink. In this paper, we report localisation of the transcript and protein to specific cells in the filling rice grain by in situ hybridisation with a probe from theOsSUT1 cDNA, and immunolocalisation of OsSUT1 and proton-pumping ATPase (H+-ATPase). An OsSUT1 cDNA probe recognises a transcript of approximately 2.4 kb, and the SUT1 antibody recognises a protein of approximately 55 kDa in total membrane protein extracts from the filling grain, leaf sheath and stem. In the developing grain, OsSUT1 is expressed at low levels before heading, with expression reaching a peak approximately ten days after emergence of the panicle from the sheath. Transcript is then present throughout seed development, with expression falling substantially after about 25 days post-heading. Both transcript and protein are localised to the aleurone cells of the developing grain, and are also detected in the maternal tissue, particularly the nucellus, vascular parenchyma tissue and the nucellar projection. Tissue slices from filling rice grain showed high rates of sucrose uptake that were inhibited by pCMBS. The role of OsSUT1 in sucrose transport to the filling grain endosperm is discussed.
Desertification/land degradation status mapping of India.

Desertification is the process of land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry-subhumid areas. This communication describes the classification system, methodology and the results of desertification and land degradation status mapping carried out for the entire country on 1:500,000 scale using multi-temporal Resourcesat AWiFS data. The dominant processes of land degradation, viz. water erosion, vegetal degradation, wind erosion, salinization/alkalization, water logging, frost heaving, frost shattering, mass movement, etc. have been deciphered and mapped using satellite data. The study reveals that 105.48 mha area of the country is undergoing processes of land degradation (32.07% of the total geographic area of the country). Area undergoing desertification is 81.4 mha.
An Experimental Method of Producing Hydroxyapatite

The main factor in maintaining oral hygiene is first and foremost the correct dental brushing and the use of proper sanitizing means: toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss, mouthwash. Toothpastes containing hydroxyapatite have an increased efficiency due to the ability to re-mineralize dental enamel. In view of the appearance of the secondary reaction products, the most acceptable variant for HA production is the reaction between calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid, because it does not result any undesirable side products at a pH ] 9 units. The purpose of this study was to produce and then analyse the HA properties produced experimentally in the SETICO laboratories, using a device derived from the already patented: �Process and device for the production of nano-gels and micro-gels based on alkaline-earthy silicates� issued by OSIM Bucharest on 02.26. 2016 No. 128 480.For the analysis of the HA emulsion the following devices were used: The zeta potential analyzer: WALLIS and the VASCO particle size analyser. The contribution of this method is that it provides information and results for the situation where pure hydroxyapatite is used without secondary reaction products. At pH = 7.21 there are particles of ~ 170 nm, very stable (Zeta-potential -133mV) and at pH = 12.64 there are particles of ~ 148nm and more stable (Zeta-potential + 359mV).
Plant harvest impacts and sustainability in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, S.W. Uganda

Sustainable utilization of forest resources has been widely adopted as a conservation strategy, but that sustainability has rarely been empirically tested. Plant resource extraction from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP) by local communities has been legalized and controlled in areas called multiple use zones (MUZs). Through a series of systematic transects and plots, we determined harvest impacts of two mostly harvested medicinal plants of Rytigynia kigeziensis VERDC.l and Ocotea usambarensis Engl in BINP. The plots were placed in MUZs and non-MUZs. Data on biomass production and population dynamics were collected from the plots. We also analysed forest society records for the past 3 years to determine annual plant resource offtakes from BINP. Bark production of the two plants in MUZs and non-MUZs are not significantly different, suggesting an insignificant change in bark production because of bark harvest. Annual bark harvests of the two plants are between 0.26‐1.64% of available bark stock. These are too low to cause any noticeable negative impacts and are sustainable. Annual bark harvest of R. kigeziensis and O. usambarensis should be increased from the original 1% to about 3% of available bark stock to allow more involvement of the marginalized poor people like Batwa in BINP.
Extrato etanóico de própolis na alimentação de vacas leiteiras

The objective of this experiment was to verify the effect of adding etanoic extract of propolis in the diet of Holstein cows on milk production, milk production corrected to 4% of fat, protein and fat content of milk, somatic cells counting and dry matter intake. Twenty Holstein cows on lactation period ranging between 60 and 150 days, with average weight of 546 kg and milk production of 24 kg/day were distributed in two treatments as follow: treatment 1 - diet without addition of propolis extract (control), and treatment 2 - diet with addition of 64 mL of etanoic extract of propolis with concentration of 30% weight/volume (W/V). The propolis intake was 19.2 grams/animal/day. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design. The ration used was formulated according to requirements of NRC (2001) and contained 17.5% crude protein (CP) and 75% total digestible nutrients on dry matter. The addition of the etanoic extract of propolis had significant effect (P0.05) on dry matter intake as % of body weight (2.08 vs. 2.17), milk fat level (3.10 vs. 3.03%) and somatic cells count (766,700 vs 736,700). The use of etanoic extract of propolis may be an important tool in maintaining ruminal conditions that provide improvements in milk production.
The Relativistic Theory of Gravitation and its Application to Cosmology and Macroscopic Quantum Black Hole

In the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation, space‐time is Minkowskian, and gravitation is a physical field, next to electromagnetism. The bimetric coupling of Riemann and Minkowski metrics allows to defines a unique, local gravitational energy density. The case of a positive cosmological constant is considered. For cosmology, the ΛCDM model is covered, while there appears a form of inflation at early times. Furthermore, both the total energy and the zero point energy vanish.Within this theory an exact solution is presented for the interior of supermassive black holes (M⋆∼108M⊙. They are consistent with a Bose‐Einstein condensates of densely packed H‐atoms. The solution is regular everywhere with a specific shape at the origin. The redshift at the horizon is finite but large, z∼1014M⋆/M. The problem is exactly and self‐consistently solved within a quantum field theoretic approach for the matter. Its direct back‐reaction on the metric is 100%. In the BEC ground state, the binding energy equals 71% of the res.
Birds of Britain and Europe : photographic field guide

This volume identifies and illustrates over 450 trees, covering almost all of Britain and Europe. An extensive account of tree families and family characteristics is also included, together with eight keys to the species - essential tools for accurate tree identification. The text of the main guide provides full details on the distinguishing features of the individual species; reference is also made to similiar species and how they differ from other members of the same family. This book is designed for ease of use. Text and photographs are placed on facing pages to facilitate easy identification, while precise line drawings illustrate specific details. 500 photographs show the trees in typical habitats and highlight key features such as leafy twigs, flowering shoots, fruit, seeds and bark. This book also includes notes on field equipment, a discussion on the vital topic of conservation, and a list of some reserves and protected areas of outstanding botanical interest.
Dramatic impact: an arts-based study on the influence of drama education on the development of high school students

This arts-based research study is an examination of the influence of drama education on the development of high school students. Five recent graduates were interviewed (including the researcher) about their high school drama experiences. All participants had been selected for this study because they have been impacted as a result of their time in/with drama. Culminating in a script, the research takes the form of an arts-based playwriting inquiry, shaped by A/r/tography and rhizomatic influences, making use of Barone and Eisner’s five phase creative process. Adhering to an Aristotelean story arc outlined by Martini, metaphor in the four-scene play is used to explore and subsequently communicate concepts. In so doing, the researcher offers an expanded audience a renewed perspective on the impact that drama education has on the development of high school learners and invites viewers to consider drama’s impact on adolescent learners. Four main concepts were examined in the analysis: initiation, transition, habits of mind and, interdependency and it was found that these are central to all participants’ development. It was also found that learning contained within these four concepts, as experienced through drama education, has the potential to impact and equip students for life beyond high school. The process based, holistic learning central to drama education allowed participants to recognize and succinctly denote areas in their lives that were, and continue to be impacted by the dramatic experiences they took part in.
Producción de Tamarixia radiata Waterson (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) estimulando la brotación de Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack

En Mexico se desarrolla un programa de produccion masiva del ectoparasitoide Tamarixia radiata Waterson (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) para controlar a Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), vector del Huanglongbing de los citricos. Este himenoptero se mantiene sobre ninfas del psilido asiatico de los citricos producidos sobre brotes tiernos de la planta Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (Rutaceae). Se evaluaron seis productos para estimular la brotacion de esta rutacea e infestarlos con ninfas de D. citri para ser parasitadas con T. radiata. La composta con una dosis de 130 g por planta aplicada al suelo fue la que produjo la mayor cantidad de brotes utiles (10.6) (F= 10.85, Pr 0.2672).
The 2016 Two-Player GVGAI Competition

This paper showcases the setting and results of the first Two-Player General Video Game AI Competition, which ran in 2016 at the IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence and the IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games. The challenges for the general game AI agents are expanded in this track from the single-player version, looking at direct player interaction in both competitive and cooperative environments of various types and degrees of difficulty. The focus is on the agents not only handling multiple problems, but also having to account for another intelligent entity in the game, who is expected to work toward their own goals (winning the game). This other player will possibly interact with first agent in a more engaging way than the environment or any nonplaying character may do. The top competition entries are analyzed in detail and the performance of all agents is compared across the four sets of games. The results validate the competition system in assessing generality, as well as showing Monte Carlo tree search continuing to dominate by winning the overall championship. However, this approach is closely followed by rolling horizon evolutionary algorithms, employed by the winner of the second leg of the contest.
Regulation of BK virus DNA replication by transcription factors and noncoding RNAs

Human polyomavirus BK (BKV) asymptomatically infects 80~90% of people during early childhood, and establishes a life-long persistent infection without causing overt clinical symptoms. High level BKV replication occurs predominantly in urogenital tracts of immune-suppressed patients following renal transplantation and bone marrow transplantation, which cause polyomavirus associated nephropathy (PVAN) and hemorrhagic cystitis, respectively. PVAN has become a leading cause for renal transplantation failures since tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil began to be widely used in transplantation patients in 1995. Epidemiological studies indicate that around 30% of kidney transplantation patients are at risk of developing PVAN and 50% of PVAN patients are at risk of transplantation failure. This dissertation explores the mechanisms by which the genomic noncoding control region (NCCR) regulates BKV DNA replication in cell culture and might be related to the establishment of BKV persistent infection and pathogenesis of PVAN.
Oxygen limitations to grow Azadirachta indica cell culture in shake flasks

Se evaluo el crecimiento de suspensiones celulares de Azadirachta indica en diferentes condiciones de suministro de oxigeno en matraces. Las velocidades de transferencia de oxigeno (OTR, kg O2 m–3 dia–1) obtenidas con los tapones utilizados para tapar matraces Erlenmeyer fueron: espuma de silicona (1.04), algodon (0.58) y papel aluminio (0.07). Las celulas de A. indica crecidas en las condiciones anteriores durante 6 semanas de subcultivo, mostraron que la OTR menor reduce la viabilidad celular, el pH del medio y la produccion de azadiractinas. Por su lado, las OTR mayores favorecen la formacion de agregados celulares. En un biorreactor de tanque agitado, se determino que las celulas de Al. indica tienen un consumo de oxigeno de 0.100 kg O2 kg CS–1 dia–1, valor superior al que tienen otros cultivos de celulas vegetales. Estos resultados muestran que la OTR generada en matraces Erlenmeyer es menor a la demanda de oxigeno de las celulas de A. indica y es un factor que limita su crecimiento
Estimates of sex ratio require the incorporation of unequal catchability between sexes

Abstract Context. Estimates of the sex ratio of a population are a common summary statistic used for ecological studies and conservation planning. However, methods to determine the sex ratio often ignore capture probability, which can lead to a perceived bias in the sex ratio when the sexes are detected at different rates. Aims. To illustrate the bias from conventional count-based analysis methods for determining sex ratio by comparison with analytical methods that include capture probability. Methods. Closed-population mark–recapture analysis was used to determine the population size of each sex within a population of green and golden bell frogs (Litoria aurea). This was then compared with the traditional count-based methods of estimating sex ratio to determine the effect of incorporating capture probability on the sex ratio estimate. Key results. More males than females were detected during surveys, producing a male-biased sex ratio when there was no incorporation of capture probability. Mark–recapture results indicated a similar population size between the two sexes, suggesting that the sex ratio is closer to even. Conclusions. Methods to estimate sex ratio that incorporate capture probability can significantly reduce the bias obtained from count data. Implications. We suggest that population studies must incorporate capture probability to determine the sex ratio of a population.
Biochemical Mechanism of RNA Interference in Higher Organisms: A Dissertation

RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved, sequence-specific gene silencing pathway found in eukaryotes, in which 21-nucleotide, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) guide destruction of a corresponding target mRNA. RNAi is a natural mechanism for both genome surveillance and gene regulation. Moreover, siRNAs can be transfected into cultured mammalian cells, causing the sequence-specific ‘knock down’ of an mRNA. My work in the Zamore lab has centered around the Drosophila in vitro system and cultured mammalian cells to study the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which culminates in the cleavage of a complementary target mRNA. Previous work proved that certain structural features of siRNAs are essential for RNAi in flies, including the requirement for 5´ phosphates and 3´ hydroxyl groups. In cultured mammalian cells, the requirement for a 5´ phosphate also holds true, but we found no evidence to support the necessity for 3´ hydroxyls in either system. In addition, siRNAs can act as single strands entering the pathway downstream of double-stranded siRNAs, both of which are competent in directing the cleavage of its cognate mRNA at a single site. While these key features are a requirement for functional siRNAs, alone they do not determine the efficiency to which an siRNA can enter the RISC. In fact, both strands of an siRNA can enter RISC to a different degree as determined by the stabilities of the 5´ ends of the siRNA strand, a phenomenon termed ‘functional asymmetry’. This characteristic is also reflected in another class of small RNAs involved in gene silencing known as microRNAs (miRNAs), which are processed from long hairpin RNA structures into mature, single-stranded non-coding RNAs. The asymmetric loading of siRNAs suggests that miRNAs are initially generated from siRNA-like duplexes cleaved from the stem of the hairpins. The strand whose 5´ end is less tightly paired will be processed into the mature miRNA, while the other strand is destroyed. By applying the rules of siRNA asymmetry it is possible to predict which side of the stem will be processed into the mature miRNA, a finding verified experimentally by our lab and others. This discovery also has additional implications in designing highly effective siRNAs and in reducing siRNA off-target effects. We used these results to design siRNAs that target the single nucleotide polymorphism in superoxide dismutase that causes the familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but leave the wild-type mRNA intact and functional. Our experiments have helped define the ‘rules’ for creating SNP-specific siRNAs. In particular, we found that only siRNAs with a purine:purine mismatch to the allele not intended for destruction show good discrimination. The placement of the mismatch in a tiled set of siRNAs shows that mismatches located in the 5´ region of the siRNA, a region shown to be responsible for siRNA binding, can not…
The regulatory role of syntaxin 1N-gterminal conformation in vesicle priming and exocytosis

During vesicle priming at the central synapse, Syntaxin 1, together with SNAP25 and Synaptobrevin, assemble into the synaptic SNARE complex. The formation of SNARE complex is thought to provide the energy needed that enables vesicle exocytosis during Ca2+ triggering step at the presynapse. Among the SNARE proteins, Syntaxin 1 is thought to play a special role in regulating the rate of SNARE assembly by adopting two conformations; a closed autoinhibitory conformation in which core complex domain is hindered by N-terminal Habc domain, and an open conformation in which the SNARE motif of syntaxin is open and ready to interact with the other SNAREs.In the present study we examined the role of the conformational switch of syntaxin 1 by analyzing synaptic properties of genetically modified mice expressing a mutation that leaves syntaxin 1 in a constitutively open conformation. In cultured hippocampal neurons, the mutation led to a significant increase in the rate of vesicle priming, supporting the hypothesis that syntaxin 1 regulates vesicle priming during the SNARE complex assembly process. Surprisingly, we also found that the mutation led to an increase in synaptic release probability, suggesting that the conformation of syntaxin 1 also regulates vesicle fusion by reducing the energy barrier of vesicle fusion to the plasma membrane. Our data support the idea that the SNARE complex member syntaxin 1 and its individual conformations are crucial regulators of the efficacy and short-term plasticity of synaptic transmission.