Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of a new short form of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30).

The Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI) has been an important tool in researching masculinity. With the original measure at 94 items (Mahalik et al., 2003), there have been several abbreviated forms developed from 11 to 55 items. However, in confirmatory factor analyses (CFA's) testing 13 common factors, bifactor, hierarchical, and unidimensional models, only 4 models demonstrated adequate fit to the data, and most of these were for the still quite long 46-item version. As a result, there was no psychometrically strong truly short form of the CMNI. In the present study, data from 1561 community and university men were used to develop a short form. First an exploratory factor analysis using a portion of the data was conducted, which resulted in a 10-subscale dimensionality, followed by CFA estimating a common factors model. The results of the CFA were used to create two candidate models for a 30-item short form of the CMNI, based on Classical test theory (CTT) and optimized CTT. The best-fitting candidate model for the CMNI-30 was CTT. Next, the fit of the 29, 46, and 94 item models were compared to the 30-item version, which had the superior fit. Then, measurement invariance between White men and men of color was assessed, choosing this comparison because hegemonic masculinity is theorized to marginalize men of color. Evidence was found for full configural and metric, and partial scalar and residuals invariance. Finally, significant relationships between CMNI-30 scores and indicators of depression and anxiety provides preliminary concurrent evidence for its validity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
A neuroeconomic investigation of 5-HTT/5-HT1A gene variation, social anxiety, and risk-taking behavior

ABSTRACT Background and objectives: Although approaches combining behavioral genetics and neuroeconomics have advanced models of addiction, no study has synthesized these methods to elucidate mechanisms of competing risk-approachand risk-avoidance in social anxiety (SA). Grounded in dual-mode models of serotonergic systems and self-regulation, this study investigated associations between SA, serotonin transporter 5-HTT (LPR; rs25531) and receptor 5-HT1A genes, and risk-taking on behavioral and self-report measures. Design and methods: Young adults (N = 309) completed a neuroeconomic task measuring gambling attractiveness (δ), reward probability discrimination (γ), and risk attitudes (α). Risk genotypes included 5-HTT (LPR; rs25531) low-expression variants (SS/SLG/LGLG), and 5-HT1A (rs6295) GG. Results: Path analysis revealed that SA related to increased gambling attractiveness, but only for 5-HT1A risk groups. Although the 5-HTT (LPR; rs25531) risk genotypes and self-reported SA predicted lower social risk-taking, high-SA individuals who exhibited more accurate reward probability discrimination (γ) reported taking increased social risks. Conclusion: In line with dual-mode models, results suggest that SA predicts behavioral risk-approach at the basic decision-making level, along with self-reported social risk-avoidance, modulated by serotonergic genotypes. High-SA individuals with more accurate assessments of reward probabilities may engage in greater social risk-taking, perhaps reflecting an adaptive tendency to approach feared situations.
RecapNet: Action Proposal Generation Mimicking Human Cognitive Process

Generating action proposals in untrimmed videos is a challenging task, since video sequences usually contain lots of irrelevant contents and the duration of an action instance is arbitrary. The quality of action proposals is key to action detection performance. The previous methods mainly rely on sliding windows or anchor boxes to cover all ground-truth actions, but this is infeasible and computationally inefficient. To this end, this article proposes a RecapNet—a novel framework for generating action proposal, by mimicking the human cognitive process of understanding video content. Specifically, this RecapNet includes a residual causal convolution module to build a short memory of the past events, based on which the joint probability actionness density ranking mechanism is designed to retrieve the action proposals. The RecapNet can handle videos with arbitrary length and more important, a video sequence will need to be processed only in one single pass in order to generate all action proposals. The experiments show that the proposed RecapNet outperforms the state of the art under all metrics on the benchmark THUMOS14 and ActivityNet-1.3 datasets. The code is available publicly at https://github.com/tianwangbuaa/RecapNet.
Prevalence of permanent neonatal hearing impairment: systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis

Abstract Objective: To investigate the variance in reported prevalence rates of permanent neonatal hearing impairment (HI) worldwide. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on reported prevalence rates of sensorineural and permanent conductive or mixed HI worse than 40 dB in neonates, detected as a result of a screening programme or audiometric study. Study sample: For meta-analysis, 35 articles were selected, 25 from high-income countries and 10 from middle-income countries according to the world bank classification system. Results: The prevalence rate of permanent uni- and bilateral HI worse than 40 dB in neonates varied from 1 to 6 per 1000, the overall prevalence was 2.21 per 1000 [1.71, 2.8]. In NICU populations the prevalence rate was higher with a larger fraction of bilateral cases. Although not significant, prevalence rates were slightly higher in Asia compared to Europe and the number of infants lost to follow-up appeared higher in countries with lower gross national income. Conclusion: Substantial variations exist in prevalence rates of neonatal permanent HI across countries and regions. There is a strong need for more data from low-income countries to identify demographic factors that account for this variability in reported prevalence rates. Reporting these data in a uniform way is advocated.
The Clinical Significance of Food Addiction

Objectives: The construct of food addiction has received increased attention and has been proposed as a mental disorder. There is some evidence that supports the inclusion of food addiction in the psychiatric nosology; however, the construct has not been sufficiently validated for inclusion. This study used the addiction syndrome model as a guiding theoretical framework to understand food addiction. The addiction syndrome model emphasizes the shared antecedents and consequences of addictions even though specific manifestations may differ. Methods: Participants were adult community members with food addiction (n = 26) or healthy controls (n = 26) as classified by the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Participants completed a battery of self-report questionnaires assessing cognitive, emotional, and behavioral domains often associated with addiction. Results: Results revealed that individuals with food addiction demonstrated significantly higher scores than healthy controls on depressive symptoms, emotion dysregulation, emotional eating, demand characteristics, motives, impulsivity, and family history of mental health problems and addiction, providing support for the clinical significance of food addiction. Conclusions: Overall, this study replicates and extends previous findings, particularly in regard to behavioral economics and demand for food, providing further support for the consideration of food addiction in the psychiatric nosology.
Brassinosteroids regulate outer ovule integument growth in part via the control of INNER NO OUTER by BRASSINOZOLE-RESISTANT family transcription factors.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play important roles in regulating plant reproductive processes. BR signaling or BR biosynthesis null mutants do not produce seeds under natural conditions, but the molecular mechanism underlying this infertility is poorly understood. In this study, we report that outer integument growth and embryo sac development were impaired in the ovules of the Arabidopsis thaliana BR receptor null mutant bri1-116. Gene expression and RNA-Seq analyses showed that the expression of INNER NO OUTER (INO), an essential regulator of outer integument growth, was significantly reduced in the bri1-116 mutant. Increased INO expression due to overexpression or increased transcriptional activity of BZR1 in the mutant alleviated the outer integument growth defect in bri1-116 ovules, suggesting that BRs regulate outer integument growth partially via BZR1-mediated transcriptional regulation of INO. Meanwhile, INO expression in bzr-h, a null mutant for all BZR1 family genes, was barely detectable; and the outer integument of bzr-h ovules had much more severe growth defects than those of the bri1-116 mutant. Together, our findings establish a new role for BRs in regulating ovule development and suggest that BZR1 family transcription factors might regulate outer integument growth through both BRI1-dependent and BRI1-independent pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Effect of the fluorescent probes ThT and ANS on the mature amyloid fibrils

ABSTRACT Fluorescent probes thioflavin T (ThT) and 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) are widely used to study amyloid fibrils that accumulate in the body of patients with serious diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, prion diseases, etc. However, the possible effect of these probes on amyloid fibrils is not well understood. In this work, we investigated the photophysical characteristics, structure, and morphology of mature amyloid fibrils formed from two model proteins, insulin and lysozyme, in the presence of ThT and ANS. It turned out that ANS affects the secondary structure of amyloids (shown for fibrils formed from insulin and lysozyme) and their fibers clusterization (valid for lysozyme fibrils), while ThT has no such effects. These results confirm the differences in the mechanisms of these dyes interaction with amyloid fibrils. Observed effect of ANS was explained by the electrostatic interactions between the dye molecule and cationic groups of amyloid-forming proteins (unlike hydrophobic binding of ThT) that induce amyloids conformational changes. This interaction leads to weakening repulsion between positive charges of amyloid fibrils and can promote their clusterization. It was shown that when fibrillogenesis conditions and, consequently, fibrils structure is changing, as well as during defragmentation of amyloids by ultrasonication, the influence of ANS to amyloids does not change, which indicates the universality of the detected effects. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that ANS should be used cautiously for the study of amyloid fibrils, since this fluorescence probe have a direct effect on the object of study.
Alfuzosin and Its Effect on Ejaculatory Dysfunction: A Systematic Review

Studies have demonstrated that alfuzosin not only improves lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) but also appears to preserve ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of alfuzosin on ejaculatory function using the ‘Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ)-EjD Short Form’ – a validated, abridged-version of the 25-item MSHQ specifically assessing EjD. A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and grey literature was performed in January 2017 to identify relevant cohort studies. Search terms were ‘alfuzosin’, ‘benign prostatic hyperplasia’, ‘ejaculatory dysfunction’ and their synonyms without exclusions. Six cohort studies conducted between 2008 to 2015 were selected for analysis. Three of these were conducted in Korea, one in Thailand, one in China, and one in Tunisia. Overall, 1,371 patients were enrolled in these studies with a median age of 62.3 years. All studies quantified patient LUTS and ejaculatory function using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and MSHQ-EjD Short Form, respectively. IPSS had a median decrease of 6.6 while MSHQ-EjD had a median increase of 1.9. This review highlights the very real association between sexual function and LUTS. This systematic review confirms that alfuzosin may improve ejaculatory function in addition to LUTS and should be considered in men who are sexually active or who already complain of deteriorating ejaculation.
Ependyma‐expressed CCN1 restricts the size of the neural stem cell pool in the adult ventricular‐subventricular zone

Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in specialized niches, which hold a balanced number of NSCs, their progeny, and other cells. How niche capacity is regulated to contain a specific number of NSCs remains unclear. Here, we show that ependyma‐derived matricellular protein CCN1 (cellular communication network factor 1) negatively regulates niche capacity and NSC number in the adult ventricular–subventricular zone (V‐SVZ). Adult ependyma‐specific deletion of Ccn1 transiently enhanced NSC proliferation and reduced neuronal differentiation in mice, increasing the numbers of NSCs and NSC units. Although proliferation of NSCs and neurogenesis seen in Ccn1 knockout mice eventually returned to normal, the expanded NSC pool was maintained in the V‐SVZ until old age. Inhibition of EGFR signaling prevented expansion of the NSC population observed in CCN1 deficient mice. Thus, ependyma‐derived CCN1 restricts NSC expansion in the adult brain to maintain the proper niche capacity of the V‐SVZ.
A Prospective, Crossover Survey Study of Child- and Proxy-Reported Quality of Life According to Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type and Medical Interventions

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy is an autosomal-recessive, progressive neuromuscular disease associated with extensive morbidity. Children with spinal muscular atrophy have potentially increased life spans due to improved nutrition, respiratory support, and novel pharmaceuticals. Objectives: To report on the quality of life and family experience for children with spinal muscular atrophy with attentiveness to patient- and proxy-concordance and to stratify quality of life reports by spinal muscular atrophy type and medical interventions. Methods: A prospective, crossover survey study inclusive of 58 children (26 spinal muscular atrophy type I, 23 type II, 9 type III) and their family caregivers at a free-standing Midwestern children’s hospital. Twenty-eight families completed the 25-item PedsQL 3.0 Neuromuscular Module. Forty-four participants completed the 36-item PedsQL Family Impact Module and 47 completed the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) questionnaire. Results: The PedsQL Family Impact Module demonstrated significant differences between spinal muscular atrophy types I and II in functioning domains including physical, emotional, social, and family relations (P < .03). Child self-report and proxy report surveys demonstrated significant differences between spinal muscular atrophy types in the communication domains (P < .003). Children self-reported their quality of life higher than proxy report of child quality of life. Gastrostomy tube (P = .001) and ventilation support (P = .029) impacted proxy-reported quality of life perspectives, whereas nusinersen use did not. Spinal surgery was associated with improved parental quality of life and family impact (P < .03). Conclusions: The measurement and monitoring of quality of life for children with spinal muscular atrophy and their families represents an implementable priority for care teams.
Outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome

Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been reported to provide prolonged remission of relapsed/refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), its role has not been fully evaluated. Here, the outcomes of allogeneic HSCT for patients with MF/SS were retrospectively evaluated by using the registry database of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Forty‐eight patients were evaluable and enrolled in the analysis. Median age was 45.5 years. Eighteen patients (38%) received myeloablative conditioning, and 33 (69%) received HSCT from an alternative donor. Disease status was complete or partial response in 25% of the patients and relapsed or refractory in the others. At the time of analysis, 18 patients were alive, with a median follow‐up of 31.0 months (range, 3.8‐31.1). Three‐year overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were 30% (95%CI, 16‐45%) and 19% (95%CI, 9‐31%), respectively. Disease progression was not observed later than 17 months after transplantation. Both disease status and performance status at transplant significantly affected OS and PFS. Although our findings suggest that allogeneic HSCT provides long‐term PFS in patients with MF/SS, the timing of transplantation should be decided carefully based on the disease status and the patient's condition in order to improve the outcome.
Quality of recovery after major emergency abdominal surgery. A prospective observational cohort study.

BACKGROUND Major emergency abdominal surgery results in high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to describe patient-reported quality of recovery after major emergency abdominal surgery. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study of patients undergoing major emergency abdominal surgery at a University Hospital was conducted in the period between November 2016 and February 2017. Patients were interviewed using the 15-item questionnaire Quality of Recovery (QoR- 15) six times over the first 30 postoperative days. Patients' maximum score of QoR-15 ranging from 0- 150 were divided into four groups depending on recovery status going from poor (score of 0-89), moderate (score of 90-121), good (score of 122-135) to excellent (score of 136-150) recovery. RESULTS A total of 37 patients were included in the trial. At postoperative day (POD) 1 the recovery status of the patients was mainly poor to moderate (poor n=8 (22%), moderate n=23 (62%), good n=4 (11%) and excellent n=2 (5%)). 16 (55%) of the patients reported a poor or moderate recovery within the first 7 days after surgery, which advanced to good or excellent recovery (n=19 (68%)) from POD 14. The patients were not fully recovered at POD 30 (n=18 (62%) had an excellent recovery). CONCLUSIONS Recovery measured by QoR-15 is substantially affected after major emergency abdominal surgery even after 14- and 30 days postoperatively. The patients were poor or only moderately recovered within the first seven postoperative days and only 62% of the patients were fully recovered at postoperative day 30.
Timing dysfunction and cerebellar resting state functional connectivity abnormalities in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis

Abstract Background Consistent with pathophysiological models of psychosis, temporal disturbances in schizophrenia spectrum populations may reflect abnormal cortical (e.g. prefrontal cortex) and subcortical (e.g. striatum) cerebellar connectivity. However, few studies have examined associations between cerebellar connectivity and timing dysfunction in psychosis populations, and none have been conducted in youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Thus, it is currently unknown if impairments in temporal processes are present in CHR youth or how they may be associated with cerebellar connectivity and worsening of symptoms. Methods A total of 108 (56 CHR/52 controls) youth were administered an auditory temporal bisection task along with a resting state imaging scan to examine cerebellar resting state connectivity. Positive and negative symptoms at baseline and 12 months later were also quantified. Results Controlling for alcohol and cannabis use, CHR youth exhibited poorer temporal accuracy compared to controls, and temporal accuracy deficits were associated with abnormal connectivity between the bilateral anterior cerebellum and a right caudate/nucleus accumbens striatal cluster. Poor temporal accuracy accounted for 11% of the variance in worsening of negative symptoms over 12 months. Conclusions Behavioral findings suggest CHR youth perceive durations of auditory tones as shortened compared to objective time, which may indicate a slower internal clock. Poorer temporal accuracy in CHR youth was associated with abnormalities in brain regions involved in an important cerebellar network implicated in prominent pathophysiological models of psychosis. Lastly, temporal accuracy was associated with worsening of negative symptoms across 12 months, suggesting temporal dysfunction may be sensitive to illness progression.
Systemic Causes of In-Hospital Intravenous Medication Errors: A Systematic Review

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objectives Delivery of intravenous medications in hospitals is a complex process posing to systemic risks for errors. The aim of this study was to identify systemic causes of in-hospital intravenous medication errors. Methods A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Scopus, CINAHL, and EMB reviews for articles published between January 2005 and June 2016. Peer-reviewed journal articles published in English were included. Two reviewers independently selected articles according to a predetermined PICO tool. The quality of studies was assessed using the GRADE system and the evidence analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Eleven studies from six countries were included in the analysis. We identified systemic causes related to prescribing (n = 6 studies), preparation (n = 6), administration (n = 6), dispensing and storage (n = 5), and treatment monitoring (n = 2). Administration, prescribing, and preparation were the process phases most prone to systemic errors. Insufficient actions to secure safe use of high-alert medications, lack of knowledge of the drug, calculation tasks, failure in double-checking procedures, and confusion between look-alike, sound-alike medications were the leading causes of intravenous medication errors. The number of the included studies was limited, all of them being observational studies and graded as low quality. Conclusions Current intravenous medication systems remain vulnerable, which can result in patient harm. Our findings suggest further focus on medication safety activities related to administration, prescribing, and preparation of intravenous medications. This study provides healthcare organizations with preliminary knowledge about systemic causes of intravenous medication errors, but more rigorous evidence is needed.