Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Brazilian Cerrado: a case study of linked geographical and statistical data applied to Ecology

This paper describes an ontology network that will serve as the basis for publishing and linking data about wood plant communities of the Brazilian Cerrado biome, obtained from scientific studies, meteorological and environmental data and geographical information (maps). Data Cube, Meteorological, GeoSPARQL and Time ontologies were used as infrastructure ontologies. In addition, two domain ontologies - Cerrado Concepts and Wood Plant Dynamics Ontology (Ccon) and Fire Ontology (Fire) - were developed to represent scientific knowledge about vegetation ecology focused on vegetation dynamics under different burning regimes. Datasets provided by Brazilian government agencies and those obtained from scientific literature, found in different formats, were transformed into RDF using Open Refine along with its RDF extension or, for shape files, using the geometry2RDF tool. A web-based application was deployed using Map4RDF, so as to provide a proper visualization of aggregated information, integrating map visualization using Google Maps API with ontology-based facet browsing. Ongoing work investigates possibilities of integrating these data with qualitative reasoning models. This research has potential to boost applications of linked geographical and statistical data technologies into ecological research and applications to conservation of biodiversity.
A LITERATURE SURVEY ON “DETECTION OF ANOMALOUS BEHAVIOUR IN EXAMINATION HALL”

-Detecting anomalous behavior of students in examination hall is a crucial subject in surveillance. Factors such as seating arrangement and strength make this task bit more challenging. Video surveillance systems are one of the advanced technologies to detect the Anomalous behavior of students in the exam hall. This mode works well when used with a high density camera and to focus on everyone. This paper surveys methods to detect the abnormal behavior of students in examination hall which can avoid cheating in the hall. Anomalous behavior detection systems using video analytics act against threats before they become critical by sending alerts to the officials. These systems also help to avoid a supervisor in the hall. The system also identifies the abnormal examinees in the exam hall. Reduces the work of an invigilator and provides a proof for cheating.
Trophic Dynamics of Copepods in the Strait of Georgia

Although food quality is thought to play an important role in the survival of marine copepods, the extent of natural variability in food quality remains poorly characterized. Here I characterize the different scales at which food quality varies in copepods of the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada. Significant interannual variability occurs in the diet of Neocalanus plumchrus in the Strait of Georgia. Between 2001-06 the fatty acid profiles of N. plumchrus switched from omnivorous, oceanic signatures to herbivorous, diatom-dominated signatures. An index of food quality (DHA/EPA) is strongly correlated to the abundance of diapausing N. plumchrus, suggesting that the relative proportion of essential fatty acids provided by dinoflagellates and diatoms are related to the survival of this species. Combined fatty acid and stable isotope analysis indicated that the spring calanoid copepods of the Strait of Georgia occupy three trophic positions: Eucalanus bungii is herbivorous, Calanus marshallae and N. plumchrus are omnivorous, while Euchaeta elongata is carnivorous. Oceanic conspecifics of Strait of Georgia copepods experience a more omnivorous diet, as indicated by the presence of higher proportions of flagellate and carnivory markers, and lower proportions of diatombased markers in their fatty acids. Despite spatial differences in the quality of their diets, the relative trophic positions of these copepods are constant as indicated by their stable isotope signatures. There is a correlation between the trophic information provided by iv stable isotopes and fatty acids. However, stable isotopes are not sensitive enough to capture the range of dietary variability observed in fatty acids, and fatty acids do not always provide reliable markers of carnivory and trophic position. Over the span of a season, copepods can utilize a wide range of dietary items including diatoms, flagellates, bacteria, detritus and microzooplankton. Copepods can switch from herbivory to carnivory in response to declining chlorophyll concentrations after the spring bloom, and are occasionally able to utilize detrital and bacterial sources. I conclude that the quality of copepod diets in the SoG varies on interannual, interspecific and seasonal scales. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to ecosystem models of the area, and to copepod physiology.
Quasi Experiments on District Court Decision Making

I test how the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, promulgated by the United States Sentencing Commission, affected district court decision making from 1999 to 2003. Policymakers effectively used legal regulation to constrain judicial discretion by specifying (a) the sentencing ranges applicable to certain factual patterns, (b) the departures from these ranges allowed for prosecutors, or (c) the departures allowed for judges. My results establish significant differences in how judges make decisions depending on whether or not they were constrained by guideline ranges. When the guidelines curtailed judges’ discretion, judges followed these guidelines but overwhelmingly sentenced defendants to the minimum sentence possible under the guidelines. Conversely, when guidelines allowed judges to depart from the sentencing ranges and instead to exercise broad discretion, they used this authority, and case sentences, although widely varying, were right censored at a point at or below the guideline minimum. Finally, the lowest sentences arose from prosecutors’ motions rather than judges’ own initiatives.
WHY SHARING INFORMATION IN TEAM? A STUDY ON PROJECT -BASED IS TEAM LEARNING

Appropriate management of the corporations among team members is important to guarantee the teamwork quality. In this study, based on social exchange theory and trust theory, we investigated the relationship between teamwork quality and both team and individual performance. Specifically, we identified two moderators, leadermember exchange (LMX) and perceived organization support (POS), which can moderate the effect from teamwork quality to both team and individual performance. Empirical study was conducted to provide support for our model. The result indicated that LMX has significant moderation effect on the relationship between teamwork quality and individual performance. POS had significant moderation effect on the relationship between teamwork quality and team performance.
Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region in the swimming crab, portunus trituberculatus

Abstract The control region of mitochondrial DNA (13516–14619) is located between srRNA and tRNAlle gene in swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus. The present study was investigated the genetic polymorphisms of the control region in samples of P. trituberculatus collected at coastal waters of the Yellow Sea in Korea. A total of 300 substitution and indel polymorphic sites were identified. In addition to SNPs and indel variation, a hypervariable microsatellite motif was also identified at position from 14358 to 14391, which exhibited 10 alleles including 53 different suballeles. When the hypervariable microsatellite motif was removed from the alignment, 95 haplotypes were identified (93 unique haplotypes). The nucleotide and haplotype diversities were ranged from 0.024 to 0.028 and from 0.952 to 1.000, respectively. The statistically significant evidence for geographical structure was not detected from the analyses of neighbor‐joining tree and minimum‐spanning network, neither. This result suggest that population of P. trituberculatus are capable of extensive gene flow among populations. We believed that the polymorphisms of the control region will be used for informative markers to study phylogenetic relationships of P. trituberculatus.
Endodontic Management of a Mandibular First Molar with Unusual Canal Morphology

A comprehensive knowledge and understanding of root canal anatomical variations are essential for successful root canal treatment. Mandibular molar teeth show considerable variations in their external and internal radicular morphology that require special attention from dental practitioners to provide the best clinical outcomes to the patients. This report aims to present root canal treatment of a mandibular first molar that has six separate root canals (three root canals in the mesial roots and three in the distal roots [236 M3 D3]). This report points out the importance of proper exploration for identifying additional canals in mandibular molars.
Mediator Is a Transducer of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling*

Signal transduction within the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway drives development and carcinogenesis through programmed or unprogrammed changes in gene transcription. Although the upstream events linked to signal-induced activation of β-catenin in the cytoplasm have been deciphered in considerable detail, much less is known regarding the mechanism by which β-catenin stimulates target gene transcription in the nucleus. Here, we show that β-catenin physically and functionally targets the MED12 subunit in Mediator to activate transcription. The β-catenin transactivation domain bound directly to isolated MED12 and intact Mediator both in vitro and in vivo, and Mediator was recruited to Wnt-responsive genes in a β-catenin-dependent manner. Disruption of the β-catenin/MED12 interaction through dominant-negative interference- or RNA interference-mediated MED12 suppression inhibited β-catenin transactivation in response to Wnt signaling. This study thus identifies the MED12 interface within Mediator as a new component and a potential therapeutic target in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Effects of Neem on Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and its parasitoids on tomato greenhouse

The study was conducted in order to develop some alternative methods for controlling Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) which led to significant damages on tomato in 2008-2009. Effects of two different doses of Neem (Neem Azal T/S) on L. trifolii larvae and their important parasitoids were examined under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. It was resulted that Neem could control L. trifolii larvae efficiently. In addition, Neem also has shown less impact on parasitoids of the pest than cyromazine, used as a comparative agent with a percentage of parasitism close to that of control.
A new species of Melampsora rust on Salix elbursensis from Iran

Summary A rust fungus was found causing stem cankers on 1- to 5-year-old stems of Salix elbursensis in the north west of Iran. The rust also forms uredinia on leaves and flowers of the host willow. Light and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the new rust is morphologically distinct from several Melampsora species occurring on the willows taxonomically close to S. elbursensis, but indistinguishable from Melampsora larici-epitea. Examination of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA suggested that the rust fungus is phylogenetically close to Melampsora allii-populina and Melampsora pruinosae on Populus spp. Based on both the morphological characteristics and the ITS sequence data, the rust is described as a new species ‐ Melampsora iranica sp. nov.
ICS Protocol Fuzzing: Coverage Guided Packet Crack and Generation

Industrial Control System (ICS) protocols play an essential role in building communications among system components. Recently, many severe vulnerabilities, such as Stuxnet and DragonFly, exposed in ICS protocols have affected a wide distribution of devices. Therefore, it is of vital importance to ensure their correctness. However, the vulnerability detection efficiency of traditional techniques such as fuzzing is challenged by the complexity and diversity of the protocols.In this paper, we propose to equip the traditional protocol fuzzing with coverage-guided packet crack and generation. We collect the coverage information during the testing procedure, save those valuable packets that trigger new path coverage and crack them into pieces, based on which, we can construct higher-quality new packets for further testing. For evaluation, we build Peach* on top of Peach, which is one of the most widely used protocol fuzzers, and conduct experiments on several ICS protocols such as Modbus and DNP3. Results show that, compared with the original Peach, Peach* achieves the same code coverage and bug detection numbers at the speed of 1.2X-25X. It also gains final increase with 8.35%-36.84% more paths within 24 hours and has exposed 9 previously unknown vulnerabilities.
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Decision Making of Complex Logistic Systems

Logistics systems are characterized as complex as there is a huge amount of data and information that they have to take into consideration in order to make decisions at any of the three levels i.e. operational, tactical and strategic. Fuzzy Cognitive Maps is an abstract modeling methodology that has successfully used to model complex systems and perform decision making tasks. Here Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are proposed for Strategic Decision Making and they are tested for performing strategic decision making tasks for the port complex at Trieste, Italy.
Evaluation of Generation System Reliability using GRA Computer Program

Reliability is one of the most important criteria which must be taken into consideration during planning and operation phases of a power system even (or may be, particularly) in the time of disintegration, deregulation and competition. This paper considers the assessment of generating capacity reliability, in terms of adequacy; computationally efficient algorithms and theirs computer realization (GRA program) as well as the case of Polish power system. The GRA (Generating Reliability Assessment) computer program main features are listed and the utilization of the GRA program in Polish power system studies is illustrated. Key-Words: Reliability, generation adequacy assessment, software tool. CSCC'99 Proceedings: Pages 6191-6196
Characterization of Spontaneous Electrical Activity Arising from Inactive Neuronal Cultures

This article analyses electrical signals of neuronal cultures from which measurements taken by multielectrode arrays (MEAs) present very low amplitudes and spike rates, so that no connections among neurons and microelectrodes seem to be established. Such information may be useful to characterize MEA instrumentation noise, which influences subsequent signal processing associated with spike and burst detection. A simple estimator of the probability density function of the signal amplitude is calculated, pointing out that this random variable is Gaussian. This conclusion is also attested by normality tests, as well as by high-order moment analysis. Average values for the mean and variance of the noise amplitude are provided.
Geodynamo Simulations and Electromagnetic Induction Studies

Numerical simulations of convective dynamos and electromagnetic induction in a 3-D heterogeneous earth have been performed by using the Earth Simulator (ES). For the geodynamo simulations, the ES is capable to calculate high resolution models with low viscosity. A number of dynamo simulations were performed this year based on a Spectral Transforma Method (STM), confirming that self-exciting dynamo action occurs at the Ekman number as low as 10 and the magnetic Prabdtl number less than unity. They also indicate the importance of MHD turbulence in dynamo action. Numerical simulations of nonlinear magnetoconvection were also performed for fundamental understanding of the dynamo process in the Earth's core. A new Fourier spectral Transform Method (FTM) was developed and tested with a standard benchmark model. As for the electromagnetic induction study, the electrical conductivity structure in the mid-mantle beneath Europe was estimated based on the geomagnetic depth sounding (GDS) method by using a non-linear iterative inversion code installed on the ES.
FLEXIBLE MEASURE IN THE PRESENCE OF PARTIAL INPUT TO OUTPUT IMPACTS PROCESS

Precise recognition of the nonparametric measurement approach in the production process and proper application of accurate techniques to categorise the variables play a key role in the process of improving performance of decision-making units (DMUs). The classical data envelopment analysis (DEA) models require that the status of all inputs and outputs measures be precisely specified in advance. However, there are situations where a performance measure can play input role for some DMUs and output role for the others. This paper introduces an approach to determine the situation of such flexibility where in the presence of resource sharing among subunits, the partial input will impact output in DEA. As a result, DMUs have a fair evaluation when compared to each other. Likewise, the maximum improvement is obtained in aggregate efficiency due to partial input to output impacts. The proposed approach is applied to a set of real data collected from 30 branches of an Iranian bank.
A technical review on feeders in aquaculture

Intensification, mechanization and automation in agriculture are very much popular worldwide. A similar path may be appropriate for aquaculture since automation of aquaculture systems will allow the industry to: site production near markets; improve environmental control; reduce catastrophic losses; minimize production costs; and improve product quality. The history of automated control in aquaculture is limited and needs more attention; most of the systems have been custom-designed. The current trend is toward the use of industrial process control systems composed of sensors/transducers, meters/transmitters, communication multiplexers, actuators/output devices, computer hardware and computer control software. These process control systems can be as simple as one computer or as sophisticated as distributed control systems (multiple networked microcomputers). Therefore, there is a need to present a systematic review on aquaculture systems. Hence, in the present study review on different types of automatic and demand based feeder used in aqua culture production systems are presented.
The Number of Fatalities Drives Disaster Aid: Increasing Sensitivity to People in Need

In the studies reported here, an analysis of financial donations in response to natural disasters showed that the amount of money allocated for humanitarian aid depends on the number of fatalities but not on the number of survivors who are affected by the disaster (i.e., the actual beneficiaries of the aid). On the basis of the experimental evidence, we discuss the underlying cause and provide guidelines to increase sensitivity to people in need.
Tabu Search Based Pilot Allocation Algorithm in Massive MIMO

In this paper, we have proposed a tabu search (TS) based algorithm to optimize the allocation of pilots to the users during the uplink (UL) pilot transmission phase to alleviate the pilot contamination problem. The goal is to maximize the minimum UL signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) in the asymptotic massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. The pilot allocation problem is combinatorial, and it is generally non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard). We have proposed an algorithm that converges to a near optimal solution. Performance evaluation of our algorithm has been carried against that of exhaustive search and state-of-the-art algorithm where the latter can be applied when the search space is prohibitively large for an exhaustive search. Simulation results have confirmed the superiority of our algorithm over the related published work.
EVIDENCE FROM JAPAN

In the post-crisis reality, the Quantitative Easing (QE) has started to be used as a tool for boosting credit activity and to revival the economic growth. While QE initiatives have been enforced by some advanced economies (U.S., Japan, EU) our paper aims to assess their success, basing its assumptions mainly on the Japanese experience. Our analysis will briefly review several important theoretical contributions to this particular topic presented in the recent scientific literature and will further evaluate, through a SWOT analysis, the strengths and the weaknesses of this unconventional monetary policy. In the final part of our research we will assess the possible success of the European Central Bank’s (ECB) QE initiative through a comparative analysis which takes into account the “lessons learned” from the Japanese experience. Key-words: quantitative easing, inflation, credit activity, Japan economy JEL Classification: E, E5, E58, E59
Epicuticular lipids and fertility in primitively social wasps (Hymenoptera Stenogastrinae)

Abstract. Lipid cuticular profiles of females of four species belonging to three different genera of stenogastrine wasps are examined in connection with reproductive potential (relative ovarian development). Cuticular lipids may not only represent the cues for nestmate discrimination (already behaviourally ascertained in three of the same species), but also allow discrimination of fertile and non fertile individuals. Comparisons with more socially evolved insects are reported and discussed.
BRUMA: Generalizing All Preemption Functions

—This paper presents BRUMA (Block Resizing for UnderManned Amount of Assays Avoidance), a method for generalizing all preemption functions currently used in preemptive RANSAC. BRUMA is inspired in the standard preemptive RANSAC preemption function and brings extra flexibility in the existing parameters while including new ones. By varying BRUMA parameters it is possible to deal with all currently available preemption schemes. This article also includes the results of some initial experiments that show that BRUMA achieved a performance similar to standard preemptive RANSAC, with cases where BRUMA has superior performance.
Manufacturing of Azimuthally Symmetric Uniform Long-Period Fibre Gratings with a CO2 Laser

We present a method to manufacture symmetrically written uniform long-period fibre gratings (LPGs) in germaniumdoped silica single-mode optical fibre. The manufacturing process is based on the point-by-point method using a pulse-width modulated carbon-dioxide (CO2) laser to induce index modulation in the fibre core. A uniform LPG has been manufactured exhibiting a transmission loss of several dB for coupling to the fifth cladding mode.
Practical management of free-roaming populations

Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is the name given to the capture, neutering and returning to home of groups of feral and free-roaming cats and dogs. This chapter describes a set of procedures and practices that are common to control of free-roaming dog and cat populations worldwide. Quick reference guides: Trap/catch, neuter, release (TNR/CNR) checklist; Euthanasia.
First record of the halophilic fungus Penicilliopsis clavariiformis from Diospyros paniculata

Penicilliopsis clavariiformis, an ascomycete fungus is reported for the first time from Diospyros paniculata. Conspicuous clavarioid ascomata of P. clavariiformis were found emerging out of fruits and seeds of D. paniculata growing in a sacred grove in Kerala State, India. Based on morphological and molecular evidences, the identity of the fungus was confirmed.