Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, Dec-2019 ISSN (2226-8235) Vol-8, Issue 12

The study investigated the impact of democracy on poverty alleviation in Africa by employing panel data of 50 African countries for the period of 1996 to 2017. The study used panel data methodologies such as unit root test, correlation matrix, multivariate regression, generalized linear model, dynamic panel data estimation and granger causality test. The study found that democracy has two dimensional relationship with or impact on poverty alleviation. As the study used two proxy measures of democracy thus the rule of law and voice and accountability, the rule of law showed a positive and statistically significant impact on poverty alleviation but voice and accountability showed a negative and statistically significant impact on poverty alleviation. Corruption control has been a major headache in Africa which has been affecting the development of the continent. Perhaps, corruption has a negative and statistically significant impact on poverty alleviation. Moreover, economic growth has the prospect of reducing poverty when all the sectors of the economy are economically viable to produce goods and services to meet the demands of the economic actors. In this regard, governments‟ effectiveness as in the quality of policy formulation and its implementation which will gain trust and credibility from all stakeholders by ensuring quality public services and quality civil services devoid of governments or political interference to enjoy independence will positively and significant increase poverty alleviation thereby reducing poverty. The study found a bidirectional causal relationship between poverty alleviation and the following variables; economic growth, corruption control, the rule of law and government effectiveness. Also, there is an evidence of unidirectional causal relationship from poverty alleviation to voice and accountability and political stability to poverty alleviation.
ANALYZING THE LINK BETWEEN SALES TECHNOLOGY USE AND SALES PERFORMANCE 1*

Firms invest billions of dollars in sales technologies in the form of order tracking and CRM systems, sales automation tools, or smartphones and tablets to enable their sales workforce to access, analyze, and communicate information about products, sales calls or orders, sales, accounts or competitors more easily, and to improve sales effectiveness and efficiency and thus, to generate a superior customer experience. However, the results regarding the link between technology use and overall salesperson performance is mixed. Thus, there is a need for a better understanding of how technology impacts performance of the salespeople. This study tries to demonstrate this link with data from direct selling organizations. Results indicate that salespeople mainly use sales technologies to analyze data and that sales technology use influences internal administrative performance, sales performance, and customer relationship building performance; i.e. all aspects of salesperson performance. Customer orientation, training and perceived ease-of-use of the sales technology enhance this relationship. On the other hand, expertise of the salesperson was found to display no influence.
Improving the conjugated linoleic acid content and the sensorial characteristics of Argentinean semi-hard goat cheeses by adding cultures of native lactic acid bacteria

In this study the physicochemical, microbiological, and fatty acid compositions together with the specific esterase activities of semi-hard goat cheeses made from native strains as starter and adjunct cultures were evaluated and compared against those of manufactured using commercial culture cheeses. The physicochemical composition was similar among cheeses, while the lactic acid bacteria were the predominant microbiota in all samples. The highest specific esterase activities were detected in cheeses with native strains. The fatty acid profile was significantly affected by native strains during the ripening time (60 days) since the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) level increased from 0.60 to 1.03 g 100 g-1 of fatty acids, whereas cheeses with commercial starter showed a CLA content of about 0.60 g of fatty acids. In cheeses with native strains, it was detected the highest desirable fatty acids, Δ9-desaturase and CLA desaturase indexes and the lowest atherogenicity index. The native strains inoculated as starter and adjunct cultures, grew conveniently in the cheese, developed their full potential as reflected by the profile of the metabolites released during ripening and in the global sensory perception of cheeses, and contributed thus to the development of a healthier food.
Tissue Engineering: Alternative Option in Managing Large and Massive Tissue Deficits

Volume 1 • Issue 1 • 1000e101 Large and extensive injuries are the most surgical challenges both in humans and animals. There are many different conditions that make a tissue loss including massive traumatic injuries, cancers, and degenerative diseases. Tropical diseases could also be considered as the risk factors of inducing large tissue losses [1-3]. Some physiological conditions such as aging, obesity and repeated pregnancies are also other predisposing items which facilitate injury induction and may result in tissue losses [4]. All these deficits if they are large, their repair is of great concern. Perhaps some of the small soft tissue defects could be repaired by direct suturing, however in such large deficits, the primary surgical repair is of low value [5].
Effects of Potassium Iodide Foliar Applications on Iodine Enrichment of Roka Plant (Eruca vesicaria)

This study was carried out to investigate the biofortification of the rocket (Eruca vesicaria) plant with micro element iodine through foliar fertilization. The study was carried out in a greenhouse with 5 doses of potassium iodide (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1 mM KI), two different application times (1 and 2 weeks before harvest once) and three replicates according to the factorial experiment design in randomized parcels. In order to determine the reaction of rocket plant on the iodine, plant fresh and dry weight, leaf width, length and area, chlorophyll content and plant iodine content were determined. KI applied by foliar produced very statistically significant difference (P <0.05) in fresh and dry weight. The plant fresh weight decreased from 42.58 to 32.1 g and the plant dry weight from 5.63 to 4.12 g. The application time on leaf width, length and area was statistically significant (P <0.01); chlorophyll content was not statistically different. The iodine content of plants increased parallel to the application doses. KI applied 1 week before harvest was increased iodine content of rocket plant from 1,23 to 9,22 mg kg-1; KI applied 2 weeks before harvest was increased from 5.04 to 242.93 mg kg-1. In both applications the highest I content was reached with 0.8 mM KI application. There was a significant increase in the iodine content of plants as their exposure to iodine was prolonged. As a result, it was determined that potassium iodine can be used to increase the iodine content of rocket plant, However, it has been found that in order to determine the dose which does not cause vegetative damage to the plants, more detailed dose studies should be performed.
Word order variation in Mbyá Guaraní

This paper presents the preliminary results of a multifactorial analysis of word order in Mbyá Guaraní, a Tupí-Guaraní language spoken in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay, based on a corpus of written narratives with multiple layers of annotation. Our goals are to assess the validity of previous claims about Mbyá word order (Martins, 2003; Dooley, 1982; Dooley, 2015), and to explore the effects of different types of factors on the position of core arguments relative to their verb. We show that SV and VO are the most frequently attested orders in matrix clauses and that subordinate clauses favour the OV order. Givenness, transitivity and clause type (root vs subordinate) are found to be significant predictors of word order. We identify differences in object position between Mbyá and Paraguayan Guaraní (Tonhauser and Colijn, 2010), and we argue that these differences support Dietrich (2009)’s proposal that Tupí-Guaraní languages are undergoing a change in word order from OV to VO, induced by contact with Spanish and Portuguese.
Metabolic gas exchange in critically ill surgical patients : physical, methodological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects

The aims of these studies are: - To design and to validate an automatic instrument for the measurement of oxygen consumption (Vo,), carbon dioxide production (Vco,) and respiratory quotient (R.Q.) (Appendix I). - - To assess the influence of artifacts in metabolic gas-exchange recordings due to patient-ventilator disconnections and to validate a new method for automatic detection and suppression of these artifacts (Appendix II). - To survey the disturbing influences of several clinical circumstances (especially of acetate hemodialysis) on metabolic gas-exchange measurements (Appendix III). - To quantify the stochastic and systematic errors, which are introduced when diurnal values of Vo,, Vco, and R.Q. are extrapolated from short recording periods (Chapter 5). - To analyze the systematic influence of a possible diurnal rhythm in gasexchange on such extrapolations (Chapter 5). - To determine the discrepancy between (Chapter 6): a. Basal Energy Expenditure (= BEE; i.e. the energy expenditure under basal conditions) calculated by means of the anthropometric uncorrected Harris-Benedict formula and Total Energy Expenditure (= TEE) measured by means of continuous indirect calorimetry; b. TEE calculated by means of the corrected Harris-Benedict formula and continuously measured TEE; c. intermittently measured TEE and continuously measured TEE. - To analyze to what extent a standard nutritional regimen leads to hypoor hyperalimentation and to determine whether a tailored caloric supply based on anthropometric data gives a better match to energy expenditure than a standard supply (Chapter 7). - To determine whether Vo, -indices of survivors are different from those of nonsurvivors and to analyze whether the potency of a frequently used system to predict the patient's ultimate outcome (SAPS) can be improved by addition of Vo2-index as a supplemental physiological variable (Chapter 8). - To survey the present nutritional, mechanical and pharmacological methods to reduce metabolic rate (Chapter 9).
Finance document Extraction Using Data Augmentation and Attention

This paper mainly describes the aiai that the team submitted to the FinToc-2019 shared task. There are two tasks. One is the title detection task from non-titles in the ﬁnance documents. Another one is the TOC (table of contents) prediction from the ﬁnance PDF document. The data augmented and attention-based LSTM and BiLSTM models are applied to tackle the title-detection task. The experiment has shown that our methods perform well in predicting titles in ﬁnance documents. The result achieved the 1st ranking score on the title detection leaderboard.
Ultrastructural and Biochemical Characterisation of the Cytoskeleton of Physarum polycephalum Myxamoebae

The detergent-resistant cytoskeleton of Physarum polycephalum myxamoebae was isolated by extraction of cells in buffers containing Triton X-100. The cytoskeleton of myxamoebae was seen to be composed of a network of 6 nm microfilaments and microtubules when examined in the electron microscope as negatively stained whole mount preparations, or in thin sections. Cytoplasmic microtubules originated from a microtubule organising centre which remained in close association both with the nucleus and centrioles in detergent-lysed preparations. Nuclear pore complexes remained attached to the nuclear surface despite the removal of nuclear membranes during Triton extraction. Preparations were examined using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Actin and tubulin were major components of the Triton-resistant structure. Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of tubulin and actin species in the myxamoebal cytoskeleton. Other prominent protein components had apparent relative molecular masses of approx. 27 K and 220 K. Lysis of cells in buffers containing Ca 2+ resulted in the removal of microtubules from the cytoskeleton and a specific decrease in the amount of tubulin in gels of Ca2+-treated material; some tubulin spots did however remain, possibly representing centriolar tubulins.
Developing Universal Dependencies for Wolof

This paper presents work on the creation of a Universal Dependency (UD) treebank for Wolof as the first UD treebank within the Northern Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo languages. The paper reports on various issues related to word segmentation for tokenization and the mapping of PoS tags, morphological features and dependency relations to existing conventions for annotating Wolof. It also outlines some specific constructions as a starting point for discussing several more general UD annotation guidelines, in particular for noun class marking, deixis encoding, and focus marking
Automated Directive Extraction from Policy Texts

Federal agencies must comply with directives expressed in documents issued by authoritative sources elsewhere in the government. To automate identification of these directives, the ADEPT (Automated Directive Extraction from Policy Texts) system exploits the observation that directive sentences are usually characterized by deontic modality (e.g. “must”, “shall”, etc.) permitting the open-ended task of summarizing obligations to be reduced to a well-defined and circumscribed linguistic analysis task. ADEPT comprises a linearizer, which converts deeply nested sentences into a form that can be handled by standard parsers, a deontic sentence classifier trained on an annotated corpus of sentences drawn from representative policy documents, a semantic role analyzer, and other analytic tools for extracting and analyzing the deontic content of policy documents.
AL2: Progressive Activation Loss for Learning General Representations in Classification Neural Networks

The large capacity of neural networks enables them to learn complex functions. To avoid overfitting, networks however require a lot of training data that can be expensive and time-consuming to collect. A common practical approach to attenuate overfitting is the use of network regularization techniques.We propose a novel regularization method that progressively penalizes the magnitude of activations during training. The combined activation signals produced by all neurons in a given layer form the representation of the input image in that feature space. We propose to regularize this representation in the last feature layer before classification layers. Our method’s effect on generalization is analyzed with label randomization tests and cumulative ablations. Experimental results show the advantages of our approach in comparison with commonly-used regularizers on standard benchmark datasets.
Fatty Acids Composition of Meat of Five Native Chicken (Gallus gallus) Ecotypes of Benin Reared under Organic or Conventional system

The current study aims to determine the composition in fatty acids of 5 native chicken ecotypes of Benin reared under organic or conventional system. It appears that the predominant Fatty Acids (FA) in chicken meat of all treatments were palmitic and stearic (18:0) acids as Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA), oleic acid as Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA), Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and 20:3 n-3 as Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA). The highest SFA, MUFA and PUFA contents were found respectively in Holli, Fulani and North ecotypes (P<0.05). The highest n-3 PUFA content (3.8%; P<0.05) was found in Holli chickens. The weakest ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA was found in North chickens. As for the rearing system, the highest MUFA content was recorded in chicken reared under organic system (P<0.05). The breast meat showed higher n-3 PUFA concentration and lower ratio n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA than thigh meat (P<0.001). Overall, native chicken of Benin and organic system can ensure additional health benefit for consumers.
Estimating hydraulic conductivity profiles using borehole resistivity logs

Measurements of aquifer resistivity are intuitively attractive for estimating aquifer hydraulic conductivity because of the fundamental relation between hydraulic conductivity and electrical conductivity; both of these properties depend on porosity, grain size and packing configuration ([1], [2]). In this study porosity and hydraulic conductivity profiles are estimated in three boreholes in Glafkos aquifer, located near the city of Patras in Western Greece. For this purpose, resistivity measurements, the law of Archie [1], the Kozeny-Carman model [2] and numerical simulations of pumping tests performed in the boreholes, have been used. It is shown that resistivity logs and pumping tests constitute a useful data set for the estimation of hydraulic conductivity profiles. The reliability of the results has been discussed. The relationships between porosity and hydraulic conductivity resulting for each of the three investigated boreholes have been compared to each other as well as with literature data. The comparison confirms that the value of the hydraulic conductivity for a given value of the porosity varies significantly.
Factors affecting therapeutic response of adhesive capsulitis in type II diabetes mellitus

Forty-eight patients with type II diabetes mellitus were recruited for the study. Fifty-one shoulder joints with adhesive capsulitis were treated in this population. A physical therapy protocol including Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, pulsed ultrasound and exercises was applied to each patient. The patients were assessed on entry and termination of treatment and at 3 months post-treatment by Visual Analogue Scale for rest and activity pain intensity, active and passive range of motion of shoulder and Constant scores. The scores were compared between 18 patients with good glycemic control and no neuropathy and 30 patients with insufficient glycemic control and neuropathy. The results indicate that glycemia levels and neuropathy have no effect on response to physical therapy.
Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs): A Critical Activator In Ovarian Cancer Metastasis

Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that appear in every stage of cancer progression are usually tumor-promoting cells and are present abundantly in the tumor-associated microenvironment. In ovarian cancer, the overall and intratumoral M1/M2 ratio is a relatively efficient TAM parameter for predicting the prognosis of patients, especially for serous tissue type cancer. TAMs exhibit immunological checkpoint modulators, such as the B7 family and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and play a key role in the development, metastasis and invasion of ovarian cancer, but the underlying mechanism is barely understood. Ovarian cancer is a severe gynecological malignancy with high mortality. Ovarian cancer-associated death can primarily be attributed to cancer metastasis. The majority of patients are diagnosed with wide dissemination in the peritoneum and omentum, limiting the effectiveness of surgery and chemotherapy. In addition, unlike other well-documented cancers, metastasis through vasculature is not a usual dissemination pathway in ovarian cancer. This review sheds light on TAMs and the main process and mechanism of ovarian cancer metastasis.
Symbolic Spline Computations

This paper introduces a new computational method in spline theory. It is particularly useful, among other features, to determine dimensions of spline spaces. The method is based on a conversion to commutative algebra and allows efficient Hilbert series calculations. It is not restricted to the bivariate and trivariate cases, to simplicial partitions, nor to standard smoothness conditions. The SAGE implementation provides a means to take a fresh look at Rose’s freeness conjecture, the swift verification of dimension formulas previously postulated, and allows us to propose dimension formulas for triangulations with hanging vertices.
Abbreviated assessment of psychopathology in patients with suspected seizure disorders

Purpose Psychopathology is common in patients undergoing investigation for seizure-related disorders. Psychometric examination using self-report instruments, such as the SCL-90-R, can assist diagnosis. The SCL-90-R, however, is a lengthy instrument and might not be tolerated by all patients. We assessed several abbreviated forms of the SCL-90-R in patients undergoing video encephalographic monitoring (VEM). Method 687 patients completed the SCL-90-R and scores were computed for the full SCL-90-R and five abbreviated forms. Correlations and mean differences were computed between different forms. Classification accuracy was assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and measurements models were examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results All abbreviated forms were strongly correlated with the SCL-90-R for general psychopathology (r = .93 – .99), depression (r = .89 – .95), anxiety (r = .97 – .98), psychosis (r = .95 – .99), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (r = .97). Classification performance was similar across forms for depression and anxiety, with high negative predictive values (.90 – .94) and lower positive predictive values (.34 – .38). Classification performance for psychotic and obsessive-compulsive disorders was poor. Differences were observed between the full SCL-90-R and its abbreviated forms across most domains (d = 0.00 – 0.65). The published measurement model was most strongly validated for the SCL-27, SCL-14, and the SCL-K-9. Conclusions These five SCL-90-R abbreviated forms show high convergent validity with the full version. In patients undergoing investigation for seizure-related disorders, the BSI or BSI-18 are most appropriate where screening for both depression and anxiety is required. The SCL-K-9 is appropriate when only a single measure of global psychological distress is required. None of the instruments were able to detect psychotic or obsessive-compulsive symptoms with great accuracy. Caution should be exercised when making direct comparisons across the different forms.