Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Halal advertising on YouTube: a case study of fast food brands in Malaysia

The Halal concept is one of the most important concepts in terms of Muslim societies. They guide their lives according to this line. They determine the standards of their lives and daily life activities according to it. This situation also plays a significant role in the consumption of goods and services and the process of purchasing. Emerging technology and the changing world have provided many Halal products and services. Growing Muslim populations have manufacturers to produce this type of product development. Increasing consumer satisfaction levels over time and rapidly changing preferences, product variety and development, fashion and similar factors have enabled Halal products and services to exist in different forms in the market. It represents not only a brand element or religious phenomenon but also is a symbol of life and culture. Like every symbol used in everyday life, Halal, and Islamic symbols can turn into an object that becomes desire commodity and can lose its meaning. This paper addressed and analyzed the advertising content in terms of Halal advertising and Islamic Advertising through YouTube ads. Besides that, the frequencies of major fast-food brand’s (KFC, Burger King, McDonald’s, Subway) were identified. Methodologically, the paper utilized both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The literature reviews the contents of the advertising text were analyzed. Also, the signs used in advertising were investigated in this study. The findings showed that the advertising content appeared to be consistent with each other. Also, the Halal emphasis in advertising differs according to brands.
Analytical support for effective functioning of intelligent manufacturing and transport systems

The formation of the digital economy is one of the important priorities in the development of the information society. The article is devoted to the problem of improving the efficiency of the transport system, taking into account the development of industry based on implementation of digital technologies. The approach to the organization of the regional logistics center, assuming the division of space into clusters, has been presented. Two cases of the cluster model, depending on the size and number of clusters relative to the size of the city, have been examined. This forms the methodological basis for the construction of the functional architecture of the intelligent transport system.
Temporal and Cross-Regional Variability in the Level of Air Pollution in Poland—A Study Using Moss as a Bioindicator

This study assessed recent (2015) and past (2001) levels of air pollution in four regions of Poland by moss monitoring. The surveyed regions encompassed, among others, copper and zinc-lead industrial districts, large urban agglomerations and an area away from pollution sources. Moss (Pleurozium schreberi) was sampled from 117 sites. In 2001, the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined. In 2015, 10 extra elements were analyzed in addition to these metals. The results showed that the regions substantially differed in the chemical profile of air pollution, which corresponded well with the type of industry and the degree of industrialization and urbanization. There was also a significant change in air pollution between the 2001 and 2015 surveys, but it was inconsistent: its magnitude and direction were both metal-dependent and region-dependent. Namely, while the levels of some metals (e.g., Cd and Pb) decreased, other metals (e.g., Cr and Ni) showed the opposite trend. Importantly, these decreases (or increases) were usually limited to regions of low concentrations of a given metal. The results suggest that air quality has not significantly improved recently, but the type of emissions has changed. It seems that the importance of non-industrial pollution sources has increased.
Multi-agent learning for security and sustainability

This thesis studies the application of multi-agent learning in complex domains where safety and sustainability are crucial. We target some of the main obstacles in the deployment of multi-agent learning techniques in such domains. These obstacles consist of modelling complex environments with multi-agent interaction, designing robust learning processes and modelling adversarial agents. The main goal of using modern multi-agent learning methods is to improve the effectiveness of behaviour in such domains, and hence increase sustainability and security. This thesis investigates three complex real-world domains: space debris removal, critical domains with risky states and spatial security domains such as illegal rhino poaching. We first tackle the challenge of modelling a complex multi-agent environment. The focus is on the space debris removal problem, which poses a major threat to the sustainability of earth orbit. We develop a high-fidelity space debris simulator that allows us to simulate the future evolution of the space debris environment. Using the data from the simulator we propose a surrogate model, which enables fast evaluation of different strategies chosen by the space actors. We then analyse the dynamics of strategic decision making among multiple space actors, comparing different models of agent interaction: static vs. dynamic and centralised vs. decentralised. The outcome of our work can help future decision makers to design debris removal strategies, and consequently mitigate the threat of space debris. Next, we study how we can design a robust learning process in critical domains with risky states, where destabilisation of local components can lead to severe impact on the whole network. We propose a novel robust operator κ which can be combined with reinforcement learning methods, leading to learning safe policies, mitigating the threat of external attack, or failure in the system. Finally, we investigate the challenge of learning an effective behaviour while facing adversarial attackers in spatial security domains such as illegal rhino poaching. We assume that such attackers can be occasionally observed. Our approach consists of combining Bayesian inference with temporal difference learning, in order to build a model of the attacker behaviour. Our method can effectively use the partial observability of the attacker’s location and approximate the performance of a full observability case. This thesis therefore presents novel methods and tackles several important obstacles in deploying multi-agent learning algorithms in the real-world, which further narrows the reality gap between theoretical models and real-world applications.
Determination of essential and toxic heavy metals in barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) cultivated in selected places in Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Barley ( Hordeum vulgare . L) is used as food, for feeding animals and for malting in the world and in Ethiopia. The levels of essential metals (K, Mg, Ca, Na, Zn, Fe, Ni, Mn, Cu, Cr and Co) and toxic heavy metals (Pd and Cd) in barley samples collected from East Gojjam, Awi zone and West Gojjam, Ethiopia, were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. For the determination, first 0.5 g barely sample was digested using mixtures of 2 mL of HNO 3 , 1 mL of HClO 4 and 1 mL of H 2 O 2 at 210 o C for 2:30 hr based on the optimized wet digestion procedure. The optimized wet digestion procedure was evaluated using standard addition (spiking) method and an acceptable percentage recovery was obtained. The mean metal concentration ( mg/kg dry weight basis) ranges in barley are : K (4094–12238), Mg (827–983), Ca (320–886), Na (49.2–62.3), Zn (33.7–76.7), Fe (15.7 – 106), Ni (3.78–27.6), Mn (8.83–13.7), Cu (5.83–10.5), Cr (4.33–6.11), Co (3.38–5.83), Pb (1.44–2.33) and Cd (0.98–1.55). The results were compared with values reported in the literature.
Physical Therapy Special Test II

Buku Physical Therapy Special Test II ini memuat 86 special test yang dipergunakan dalam pemeriksaan fisioterapi. Pembahasan untuk setiap test dibagi dalam 7 bab yang terdiri dari : 1. principles of physiotherapy special test in ICF Model, 2. Secial test for cervical and shoulder region, 3. Special test for elbow region, 4. Special test for wrist and hand region, 5. Special test for lower back and hip region, 6. Special test for knee region, 7. Special test for ankle and foot region
Extent of microbiological contamination among swabs drawn from selected wards and kitchens at AL -Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad –Iraq

Objective: To evaluate the level of contamination in different hospital’s wards and kitchens in AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital in Baghdad -Iraq. Method: The study was done from the 1 of January, 2017 to the 30 of June, 2019. A total of 7742sterile cotton swabs were collected randomly from the following wards: Burns, RCU, CCU, NICU, (Dialysis, Bronchoscopy, Endoscopy) unites and Kitchens. Samples were cultured in different agars and incubated for 2448 hrs at 25 °C and 37 °C for fungi and bacterial growth, respectively. Results: Out of 7742 sample, 1227 swabs were reported positive. By 2017, Gram-positive bacteria were more prevalent with 59.5%, and Bacillus was the most common isolated . The rates of Gram-negative bacteria became more predominant with 54.9% and 69.4% in 2018 and 2019, respectively and E. coli was the main isolated bacteria with prevalence rates of 32.1% in (2018) and 42.4% in (2019). The most contaminated wards were CCU (36.6%) in 2017, RCU (32.8%) in 2018, and NICU (10.6%) in 2019, while Peritoneal dialysis showed a continuous increase of contamination from (3%) in 2017 to (9.8 %) in 2019. Conclusion: Gramnegative bacteria prevalence is increasing. Taking measures to decrease the contamination is essential by following the guidelines and the recommended practices. Alrawi et al (2019: Microbiological contamination in Baghdad November 2019 Vol. 22(7) ©Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health S220 Significance and Impact: Should have clear guidelines and strengthening the current infection control strategies. Further studies to monitor the contamination prevalence and to evaluate periodically the cleaning techniques.
Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy using uncoated gold nanoparticles for bacteria discrimination

In this work, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method based on uncoated spherical gold nanoparticles as SERS substrate was applied for the detection and discrimination of three different bacterial strains: Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. The exploitation of bacteria SERS spectra by multivariate data analysis (principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis) proved the robustness of the developed method and its suitability to discriminate between the three different strains despite their relatively similar Raman signals. The SERS performance of the developed method was compared with that of the classical silver nanoparticles indicating a better bacteria signal enhancement, up to 15 times higher in case of E. coli, likely due to stronger interactions of gold nanoparticles with components such as purine molecules that show dominant bands in the bacterial SERS spectra. K E Y W O R D S bacteria detection, bacteria discrimination, gold nanoparticles, SERS
Use of Melatonin in the In Vitro Production of Bovine Embryos

ABSTRACT We aimed to assess the effects of melatonin in the in vitro production of bovine embryos. Our experiment was conducted at the Laboratório de Reprodução Animal of the Universidade Estadual do Maranhão. The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were distributed among treatments at concentrations of 0, 10-1, 10-3 and 10-5 µMol/L melatonin. Our experiment was further divided into two: the first was to assess the effect of different concentrations of melatonin (treatments) on the maturation rate of COCs, and the second was to assess the effects of melatonin treatments on the in vitro production of bovine embryos. The results from the first experiment demonstrated no significant difference between the in vitro maturation rate of the cultivated COCs in treatments with melatonin. In the second experiment, however, melatonin treatments yielded statistically higher cleavage, morula and blastocyst rates in the 10-5 µM group (52.9%, 52.9%, and 35.3%, respectively), and lower rates in the 10-1 µM group (19.5%, 19.5% and 7.8%, respectively), compared to the others. The control group (no melatonin) and the 10-3 µM group showed similar results. We concluded that supplementation of melatonin in the in vitro maturation medium resulted in no improvement in the oocyte maturation rate, but in the in vitro production of embryos at different concentrations, the 10-5 µM group displayed better results, but with no improvement in the variables (P < 0.05).
Authorship verification of opinion articles in online newspapers using the idiolect of author: a comparative study

ABSTRACT Many approaches have been introduced to solve the authorship verification problem, including the use of machine learning techniques. These techniques proved to be effective in detecting a person’s distinctive way of speaking or writing. The main aim of this study was to show that every writer has an idiolect which is presented through the use of several types of stylometric features unique to individual authors. For this purpose, 120 online opinion articles written by non-native speakers of English were chosen from four newspapers published in the Arab world, while 145 articles written by native speakers of English were taken from other four newspapers. All of these articles were classified and compared using the SMO and MLP algorithms via a tool called ‘JStylo’. The proposed framework achieved a competitive performance with an accuracy of 80% using the SMO classifier. The results of the study indicate that each author has an individual style of writing (idiolect), and that idiolect is not shown by one group of writers better than the other, namely the native and non-native authors.
Fair market value of bitcoin: halving effect

The purpose of this article is to analyze the effect that halving has on the fair market value of bitcoins. The main hypothesis of the study is that the decline in the cost of miners’ remuneration for mining is a significant factor that affects the price of cryptocurrencies. The article examines the factors that regulate the issuing process. The significance of a limited supply of bitcoin is detailed in the article, as well as the mechanism for the implementation of the issue of new bitcoins. The study compares the historical inflation data of the US dollar and the projected data on the inflation of bitcoin. The article analyzes the main technical element of cryptocurrency – halving – when the miner’s reward is halved. This analysis includes the mathematical methods of statistical data processing. Research results show that reducing remuneration by half every four years leads to an increased market value of the cryptocurrency. This relationship is clearly illustrated by the Kendall rank correlation method. The results of the study can have a significant impact on the fundamental assessment of bitcoin and can also enable investors to assess any of the existing and operating cryptocurrencies according to this method.
High-performance monolayer MoS2 photodetector enabled by oxide stress liner using scalable chemical vapor growth method

Abstract MoS2, as a typical representative of two-dimensional semiconductors, has been explored extensively in applications of optoelectronic devices because of its adjustable bandgap. However, to date, the performance of the fabricated photodetectors has been very sensitive to the surrounding environment owing to the large surface-to-volume ratio. In this work, we report on large-scale, high-performance monolayer MoS2 photodetectors covered with a 3-nm Al2O3 layer grown by atomic layer deposition. In comparison with the device without the Al2O3 stress liner, both the photocurrent and responsivity are improved by over 10 times under 460-nm light illumination, which is due to the tensile strain induced by the Al2O3 layer. Further characterization demonstrated state-of-the-art performance of the device with a responsivity of 16.103 A W−1, gain of 191.80, NEP of 7.96 × 10−15 W Hz−1/2, and detectivity of 2.73 × 1010 Jones. Meanwhile, the response rise time of the photodetector also reduced greatly because of the increased electron mobility and reduced surface defects due to the Al2O3 stress liner. Our results demonstrate the potential application of large-scale strained monolayer MoS2 photodetectors in next-generation imaging systems.
Ant Colony Optimization Based Quality of Service Aware Energy Balancing Secure Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Existing routing protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) focus primarily either on energy efficiency, quality of service (QoS), or security issues. However, a more holistic view of WSNs is needed, as many applications require both QoS and security guarantees along with the requirement of prolonging the lifetime of the network. The limited energy capacity of sensor nodes forces a tradeoff to be made between network lifetime, QoS, and security. To address these issues, an ant colony optimization based QoS aware energy balancing secure routing (QEBSR) algorithm for WSNs is proposed in this article. Improved heuristics for calculating the end-to-end delay of transmission and the trust factor of the nodes on the routing path are proposed. The proposed algorithm is compared with two existing algorithms: distributed energy balanced routing and energy efficient routing with node compromised resistance. Simulation results show that the proposed QEBSR algorithm performed comparatively better than the other two algorithms.
Effects of Probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri and Clostridium butyricum on the Expression of Toll-like Receptors, Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines, and Antimicrobial Peptides in Broiler Chick Intestine

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of live probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri (LR) and Clostridium butyricum (CB) on the expression of genes of innate immune system in broiler chick ileum and cecum. Chicks were administered 500 µl water with or without LR or CB, daily from day 1 to 6 after hatching. The ileum and cecum were collected on day 7 for analysis of gene expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) using real-time PCR. The expression of TLR2-1 was upregulated by CB in the ileum and that of TLR5 was upregulated by both LR and CB. Expression of IL-1β and TGFβ2 in the ileum and of TGFβ3 and TGFβ4 in the cecum was upregulated by both LR and CB. The gene expressions of avian β-defensin (AvBD) 1 and cathelicidin (CATH) 3 were upregulated by CB and that of AvBD4 was upregulated by LR in the cecum. However, the expression of CATH2 in the ileum was downregulated by LR. These results suggest that probiotic LR and CB treatments affect a part of the innate defense system in the ileum and cecum by modulating the expression of innate immune molecules including TLRs, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and AMPs.
Axial variation in the cambium anatomy of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum

Abstract Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (paricá) is a promising forest species that has been planted in some states of the Amazon region in Brazil, to meet the demand of the plywood panel industry. The present work involves a study of the variations of the cambium and their impact on derivative tissues at different heights in the stem of S. parahyba var. amazonicum. Except for the tangential diameter of the fusiform initials (DFI) and the width of the xylem cell layer in differentiation (WXD), there was significant statistical variation between the evaluated axial positions for all anatomical parameters of the cambium. A strong positive correlation was noticed between the length of the fusiform initials (LFI) with ray height (RH) [r = 0.79, degree of freedom (DF) = 7, P < 0.05], vessel element length (VL) (r = 0.78, DF = 7, P < 0.05) and fiber length (FL) (r = 0.74, DF = 7, P < 0.05). The results of this study give quantitative support that the LFI is an important prognosis, not only for the VL and FL, but also for the rays, in hardwood species.
Longitudinal Changes Among Latino/a Immigrant Parental Acculturation and Extra-Familial Immigration-Related Stress

Foreign-born Latino/a immigrants currently make up 12.9% of the total U.S. population. Latino/a immigrants continue to be exposed to widespread health and mental health care disparities. Scholarship focused on the needs of Latino/a immigrants continues to be characterized by multiple gaps. Latino/a immigrants and their families, particularly those with low family annual incomes, are exposed to multiple types of immigration-related stress. However, little is known about how immigration-related stress impacts couples. The objective of this investigation was to examine the interrelationship among acculturation and immigration-related stress as reported by a group of Latino/a immigrant parents who participated in a cultural adaptation parenting study. Data were provided by 78 two-parent families. The statistical approach consisted of latent growth curve analyses to examine rates of change over time. Findings indicated a potential protective role of biculturalism among Latino/a immigrant couples. Research, clinical, and policy implications are discussed.
A MARKOV CHAIN MODEL FOR ISLAMIC MICRO-FINANCING

This paper introduces a Markov chain model for Islamic micro-financing, especially mudarabah and murababah contracts. Mudarabah and murabahah are two Islamic microfinancing contracts that have enormous potential in creating a balance between the monetary and sharia sector because the two products are moving to manage the business sector, which undoubtedly adds value to the economic movement directly. On the other hand, both contracts have the potential to cause problems in their implementation, notably the asymmetric information that consists of adverse selection and moral hazard. We propose the Markov chain model as a solution for the Islamic banks to reduce the risk due to adverse selection and moral hazard in mudarabah and murabahah contracts. In our model, we also propose a mechanism to avoid strategic default in a mudarabah contract. We observed two different probabilities of an applicant to become a beneficiary to find the solution to the problems. The results of this study reveal that the bank could decrease the probability of an applicant to become a beneficiary to reduce the adverse selection and moral hazard in mudarabah and murabahah contracts. Djaffar Lessy1, Fouad Khoudjeti2, Marc Diener3 and Francine Diener4
OPEN-SOURCE WEB GIS FRAMEWORK IN MONITORING URBAN LAND USE PLANNING: PARTICIPATORY SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

This paper presents a Web GIS application development framework through an open-source software which aims to provide reliable open data services, required for policymaking in urban land use planning. The geodatabase model is comprehensively developed. It displayed a user interface using QGIS, MapServer, and Pmapper, with open source tools with PHP MapScript programming languages and integrated DB-SQL, to generate a complete digital map service with information on urban land use policy. The results of this Web GIS development can be publicly used with spatial databases suitable for public consumption, and as decision support systems for stakeholders, especially in the policy of urban land use planning. Thus, this application can serve as a model for land-use monitoring systems based upon the principle of information disclosure toward smart city and smart governance.