Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis as a biocontrol agent for Canada thistle

Abstract Growth chamber and field experiments were conducted to assess the potential of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis (Pst) as a biocontrol agent for Canada thistle. Silwet L-77, an organosilicone surfactant, was required to facilitate Pst penetration into Canada thistle leaves. Growth chamber experiments indicated that maximum Pst populations inside leaves were obtained with a Silwet L-77 concentration of 0.3% (v/v) or greater. High Pst populations (109 colony-forming units [cfu] per gram fresh weight) were found in leaves 48 h after treatment with 108 or 109 cfu ml−1 Pst plus Silwet L-77 (0.3%, v/v). In growth chamber experiments, foliar application of Pst (109 cfu ml−1) plus Silwet L-77 (0.3%, v/v) on 4- to 5-wk-old Canada thistle reduced shoot dry weight by 52% (measured 14 d after treatment) and chlorophyll content of emerging leaves by 92% (measured 10 d after treatment). In field trials conducted in 1999 and 2000, Pst (109 cfu ml−1) plus Silwet L-77 (0.3%, v/v) were applied at 700 L ha−1, and the method of application (paint gun, backpack sprayer, boom) and the number of applications (one or two separated by 14 d) were examined. Averaged over 2 yr, two applications with a backpack sprayer resulted in 67% disease incidence (apical chlorosis) of treated plants measured 4 wk after the initial treatment (WAIT). At the time of flower bud formation (8 WAIT), there was little or no disease incidence, 31% reduction in plant height, 81% reduction in number of flower buds, and 20% reduction in shoot survival during 1999 but no effect on survival in 2000. Nomenclature: Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. CIRAR; soybean, Glycine max L. ‘Lambert’, ‘Kato’.
A synopsis of the species of Cyathea (Cyatheaceae-Polypodiopsida) with pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid frond

A summary of the species of Cyathea sensu strictu with pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid fronds is presented. All species are strictly Neotropical and are found throughout the entire range of the genus in the Western Hemisphere, but most species occur in the mountainous regions of northern South America and Central America. This artificially delimited group includes the species formerly recognized as the segregate genus Cnemidaria , which form a monophyletic group within Cyathea together with some species previously not recognized as Cnemidaria . This group is characterized by a general lack of hairs, cartilaginous laminar texture, petiole scales that have white margins or that are completely white, and large sori with diameter ≥ 1 mm and 30–40 sporangia per sorus. Cnemidaria -type spores with at least three large equatorial pores dominate in this group but are neither omnipresent nor exclusive to it. The remainder of the pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid species of Cyathea includes predominantly exindusiate species that have moderately to densely pilose laminae and relatively small sori with diameter ≤ 1 mm and ± 20 sporangia per sorus. Twelve new combinations are made and the following three new names are proposed: Cyathea cnemidaria (= Cnemidaria tryoniana ), C. glandulifera (= Cn. glandulosa ), C. suprapilosa (= Cn. suprastrigosa ). A key to all species of Cyathea with pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid fronds is provided. Hybrids are not treated.
Neural Sarcasm Detection using Conversation Context

Social media platforms and discussion forums such as Reddit, Twitter, etc. are filled with figurative languages. Sarcasm is one such category of figurative language whose presence in a conversation makes language understanding a challenging task. In this paper, we present a deep neural architecture for sarcasm detection. We investigate various pre-trained language representation models (PLRMs) like BERT, RoBERTa, etc. and fine-tune it on the Twitter dataset. We experiment with a variety of PLRMs either on the twitter utterance in isolation or utilizing the contextual information along with the utterance. Our findings indicate that by taking into consideration the previous three most recent utterances, the model is more accurately able to classify a conversation as being sarcastic or not. Our best performing ensemble model achieves an overall F1 score of 0.790, which ranks us second on the leaderboard of the Sarcasm Shared Task 2020.
Non-HDL or LDL cholesterol in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: findings of the Simon Broome Register.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of non-HDL-C in the identification and management of lipid disorders is not clearly defined, although UK guidelines recommend its wider use in assessing the need for lipid-lowering therapy and as a treatment target. RECENT FINDINGS We examined the implications of the use of non-HDL-C as opposed to LDL-C in 253 people with hypercholesterolaemia before treatment and 573 after treatment in whom fasting total serum cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C had been recorded and the diagnosis of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (heFH) was investigated by genetic testing. The difference and the limits of agreement between non-HDL-C and LDL-C calculated using the Friedewald formula were assessed in those with and without heFH-causing mutations. SUMMARY There were 147 mutation-positive and 106 mutation-negative pretreatment participants and 395 mutation-positive and 178 mutation-negative patients receiving treatment. The difference between non-HDL-C and LDL-C pretreatment in mutation-positive people (mean LDL-C 7.73 mmol/l) was 0.67 mmol/l (95% CI 0.62-0.73) and posttreatment (mean LDL-C 4.71 mmol/l) was 0.62 mmol/l (95% CI 0.59-0.65) with wide limits of agreement of -0.02 to 1.37 and 0.07-1.18 mmol/l, respectively. Among patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, use of estimated LDL-C derived from non-HDL-C in place of calculated LDL-C may result in diagnostic misclassification and difficulty in assessing the true reduction in LDL-C with treatment, because of the wide inter-individual limits of agreement around the mean difference between non-HDL-C and LDL-C.
How effective is using of laser beam?

An analysis of efficiency of TEM00 laser beam usage on the base of geometrical consideration is done; laser beams of circular symmetry and laser diode beams are considered separately. It is shown that losses of laser energy in some types of material processing technologies can reach very high level, up to 63%; in general usage of laser diode energy is more efficient. The efficiency of laser beams usage in some laser technologies could be increased substantially with applying beam shaping optics to provide homogeneous intensity distribution.
Molecular phylogeny resolves a taxonomic misunderstanding and places Geisleria close to Absconditella s. str. (Ostropales: Stictidaceae)

Abstract The phylogenetic position of the genus Geisleria and its type species G. sychnogonioides was reconstructed using sequence data of the mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), the nuclear large subunit rDNA (nuLSU) and the first subunit of the RNA polymerase (RPB1). The species, previously classified in Verrucariaceae (Eurotiomycetes) and Strigulaceae (Dothideomycetes), is sister to the type of the genus Absconditella, A. sphagnorum, and nested within the genera Absconditella and Cryptodiscus combined (which also includes the lichenized Bryophagus). At first glance it appears to be a further example of parallel evolution of perithecioid ascomata within Stictidaceae (Lecanoromycetes: Ostropales), besides Ostropa and Robergea, adding to the growing list of perithecioid forms nested within apothecioid lineages in Ostropomycetidae, and specifically Ostropales, with other examples known from Graphidaceae (several genera), Gyalectaceae (Belonia), and Porinaceae. However, revision of type material collected by Nitschke revealed that the species actually develops typical apothecia with a narrowly exposed disc. We conclude that Geisleria sychnogonoides was erroneously considered a pyrenocarpous taxon, because in dry conditions the apothecia are closed and not recognizable as such. The species usually grows on unstable soil and therefore often only develops young, more or less closed ascomata (yet with mature ascospores), and has also been confused with the superficially similar Belonia incarnata, in which the ascomata remain closed even when mature. Geisleria sychnogonioides has so far only been known as a rarely reported pioneer species from loamy soils in Europe and North America. Here it is reported to occur abundantly on lateritic soils in subtropical Brazil, suggesting that it is cosmopolitan and possibly common, but much overlooked.
Overview of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Indonesia: What Distinguishes It from Countries with High Gastric Cancer Incidence?

Helicobacterpylori infects more than half the human population. However, the prevalence in Indonesia is low, as is the prevalence of gastric cancer. Hence, it could be instructive to compare these prevalence rates and their determining factors with those of countries that have high gastric cancer incidence. Ethnicity and genetic characteristics of H. pylori are important determinants of the H. pylori infection rate in Indonesia. The infection rate is higher in Bataknese, Papuans and Buginese than in Javanese, the predominant ethnic group. Ethnicity is also an important determinant of the genetic characteristics of H. pylori. Analysis of CagA in the EPIYA segment showed that the predominant genotypes in Papuans, Bataknese and Buginese are ABB-, ABD- and ABC-type CagA, respectively. Meanwhile, in the countries with high gastric cancer incidence, almost all strains had East Asian type CagA. An antibiotic susceptibility evaluation showed that the standard triple therapy can still be used with caution in several cities. There is a very high rate of resistance to second-line regimens such as levofloxacin and metronidazole. Recent studies have shown that furazolidone, rifabutin and sitafloxacin are potential alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant H. pylori infection in Indonesia. Rather than focusing on early detection and eradication as in countries with high gastric cancer prevalence, countries with low gastric cancer prevalence should focus on screening the several groups that have a high risk of gastric cancer. (Gut Liver 2021;15:-665)
Acute differences in blood lipids and inflammatory biomarkers following controlled exposures to cookstove air pollution in the STOVES study

ABSTRACT Household air pollution is a leading risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality. Numerous cookstoves have been developed to reduce household air pollution, but it is unclear whether such cookstoves meaningfully improve health. In a controlled exposure study with a crossover design, we assessed the effect of pollution emitted from multiple cookstoves on acute differences in blood lipids and inflammatory biomarkers. Participants (n = 48) were assigned to treatment sequences of exposure to air pollution emitted from five cookstoves and a filtered-air control. Blood lipids and inflammatory biomarkers were measured before and 0, 3, and 24 hours after treatments. Many of the measured outcomes had inconsistent results. However, compared to control, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was higher 3 hours after all treatments, and C-reactive protein and serum amyloid-A were higher 24 hours after the highest treatment. Our results suggest that short-term exposure to cookstove air pollution can increase inflammatory biomarkers within 24 hours.
Minimal invasive vertical muscle transposition for the treatment of large angle exotropia due to congenital medial rectus hypoplasia: Case Report and Literature Review

ABSTRACT Reports of isolated anomalies of the medial rectus (MR) muscle in literature are sparse. It has been identified as a subtype of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder that affects the normal development of brainstem motor neurons. Herein, we report a 37-year-old male presented with large-angle exotropia since the birth of right eye with palpebral fissure widening. On examination of ocular movements, there was −6 limitation of adduction. There was no limitation in other ocular movements. In the preoperative CT scan, all extraocular muscles were present. He underwent surgery in right eye. Intraoperatively in the site of medial rectus, we found an empty sheath without muscle fibers indicating medial rectus hypoplasia. The width of muscle insertion was normal. Surgery consisted of lateral rectus muscle recession 10 mm in hang-back method and vertical muscle transposition procedure, by a modification of Nishida technique, in which the vector of superior and inferior recti was transposed medially by inserting non-absorbable sutures at nasal margins of muscles secured to sclera 8 mm posterior to medial rectus site without tenotomy or splitting. The deviation was decreased to less than 10 PD exotropia in primary position. The adduction was improved from −6 to −4. The palpebral fissure asymmetry was also corrected. Here, we also reviewed clinical features of all cases of medial rectus hypoplasia/aplasia in the literature and discussed surgical approaches. For vertical rectus transposition and horizontal muscle weakening, this technique has the advantages of being simpler and less traumatic to ocular tissues and unlike the traditional transposition procedures, there is no need for tenotomy and splitting.
Video conference vs face‐to‐face group psychotherapy for distressed cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial

This study assesses the effectiveness of face‐to‐face group positive psychotherapy for cancer survivors (PPC) compared to its online adaptation, online group positive psychotherapy for cancer survivors (OPPC), which is held via videoconference. A two‐arm, pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted to examine the effects of both interventions on emotional distress, post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and post‐traumatic growth (PTG) among cancer survivors and analyze attrition to treatment.
Moth Pheromone Genetics and Evolution

Sex pheromone communication in moths is a well investigated case of mate-finding by chemical signals, but the evolutionary causes of the great complexity and diversity of these signals are still not generally agreed on. In the present paper, I argue that there is no reason to dismiss species recognition as a possible cause of evolutionary change in moth sex pheromones. Admittedly, selection for species recognition cannot explain all of the diversity in sex pheromones and the data supporting this contention are weak, but the alternative causes suggested, invoking mate choice between conspecifics as the mechanism of sexual selection, has so far no empirical support. Finding and analysing genes responsible for mate choice is important to corroborate any theory of sexual selection and speciation. In this respect genetic dissection of moth pheromone communication has provided important progress. Mendelian genes controlling differences in mate choice and in the production of mate recognition signals have been found. Polymorphic pheromone systems give the population biologists unique possibilities to study mate choice and selection at the genotype level in nature.
Climatic change in northern Canada

Climatic variations during the past 10 000 and 1 000 years in the Canadian Arctic are recorded in a variety of proxy-climate records. Paleoclimates of the past 1000 years are interpreted from ice cores, lake sediments, and primarily tree rings. The past 500 years, between A.D. 1500 and A.D. 1850 were relatively cool, with coolest temperatures in the 1600s and 1800s. In the 1700s temperatures were slightly warmer, but still not as warm as the latter half of the 20th Century. Warming in the 20th century is also apparent in most records. Paleoclimates of the past 10 000 years can be interpreted from ice cores, pollen diagrams, and the analysis of frequency distributions of fossils. During the past 10 000 years, the Arctic experienced maximum temperatures in the early Holocene, although there are also regional variations.
Calla History and Culture

Calla is a tropical plant native to Africa extending from Cape Province to Eastern Orange Free State, Natal, Lesotho, Swaziland, Transvaal, Rhodesia, Malawi, Zambia, Angola, and into northern Nigeria (Letty, 1973; Tjia, 1985). The genus Zantedeschia was assigned to calla by Sprengel in 1826 in honor of Italian botanist Giovanni Zantedeschia (Letty, 1973). There are many common names and several species. Common names include calla lily, pig lily, arum lily, aroid lily, zantedeschia, richardia, cape arum, cape lily, black-eyed arum, yellow arum, cuckoo-pint, jack-in-thepulpit, lily of the Nile (Funnell, 1993; Hoogasian, 1992; Tjia, 1985). Other common names of calla include kleinvarkblom, varkblomme, varkore, aronskelke, persvarkoor, varkoorlelie, varkore (Funnell, 1993). The genus Zantedeschia is a part of the Araceae family. There are seven recognized species and two subspecies of Zantedeschia: Z. aethiopica (L.) Spreng. , Z. rehmannii Engl. , Z. jucunda Letty, Z. elliottiana (Watson) Engl. , Z. pentlandii (Watson) Wittm. , Z. odorata P.L. Perry, Z. albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. albomaculata, Z. albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. macrocarpa (Engl.) Letty, and Z. albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. valida Letty. (Letty, 1973; Perry, 1989). Closely related genera are Aglaonema Schott. , Anthurium Schott. , Caladium Venten. , Dieffenbachia Schott. , Epipremnum Schott. , Monstera Adans. , Nephthytis Schott. , Philodendron Schott. , Spathiphyllum Schott. , and Syngonium Schott. (Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorum, 1976). Calla have two different types of storage organs (Funnell, 1992). Zantedeschia aethiopica have stemless rhizomes and are an evergreen species. The remaining species have compact stems or tubers and are deciduous. The leaves are entire and born on a long petiole. The inflorescence is composed of a fleshy spadix bearing the true flowers, subtended by a single showy spathe (Corr, 1993; Corr and Widmer, 1987; Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium, 1976; Tjia, 1985). Calla may be grown as outdoor garden plants, commercial cut flowers and more recently as flowering potted plants. Although this plant has not been widely grown commercially, there is an abundance of information on all aspects of calla and it continues to increase in popularity. Zantedeschia elliotiana, Z. aethiopica, and Z. rehmannii have been grown for cut flower production or outdoor garden plants for many years (Post, 1959). Since the 1980s, research has been conducted to determine the feasibility of using Zantedeschia species as flowering potted plants. In addition, many calla hybrids have been bred for forcing as flowering potted plants (van Scheepen, 1991). Funnell (1993) provides a list of 61 species and cultivars commercially available internationally. About 50% of flowering size calla tubers are produced in the United States, The Netherlands and New Zealand produce 45% and India, Sri Lanka, and Central America produce 5% (T. Lukens, personal communications). In the United States, more than 95% of calla are grown as flowering potted plants whereas in Europe about 80% to 85% are used as cut flowers.
MYC Upregulation Confers Resistance to Everolimus and Establishes Vulnerability to Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Cells

Introduction: Dysregulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent pathways in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) underlies the introduction of the mTORC1 inhibitor everolimus as treatment of advanced progressive PanNENs. Although everolimus significantly increases progression-free survival, most patients acquire secondary resistance to the drug. This study aimed at identifying mechanisms involved in acquisition of resistance to everolimus. Methods: BON-1 and everolimus-resistant (ER) BON-1 cells were used as in vitro system of sensitivity and acquired resistance. Transcriptome changes occurring in BON-1 and ER-BON-1 were investigated by RNA sequencing and validated by quantitative PCR analysis. RNA extracted from patients’ biopsies was used to validate MYC upregulation. Drug screening and functional assays were performed using ER-BON-1 cells. Cell cycle progression was evaluated by FACS analysis. Results: Our results show that MYC overexpression is a key event in the development of secondary resistance to everolimus in PanNEN cell lines and in metastatic lesions from neuroendocrine neoplasm patients. MYC knockdown restored ER-BON-1 sensitivity to everolimus. Pharmacological inhibition of MYC mediated by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor dinaciclib strongly reduced viability of ER-BON-1. Dinaciclib synergized with everolimus and inhibited ER-BON-1 cell cycle progression. Discussion: Our findings suggest that MYC upregulation drives the development of secondary resistance to everolimus in PanNENs and that its inhibition is an exploitable vulnerability. Indeed, our results indicate that combined treatments with cyclin-dependent kinase and mTOR inhibitors may counteract secondary resistance to everolimus in PanNENs and may pave the ground for new therapeutic regimens for these tumors.
Identification of clinical isolates by means of Vitek-AMS.

Objective To explore the application value of Vitek-AMS in the identification of clinical isolates.Method 11 537 strains of bacteria clinically isolated in our hospital from 1999 to 2008 and reference strains from the National Center for Clinical Laboratory(NCCL) and the Center for Clinical Laboratory of Yunnan were identified by means of Vitek-AMS,and a comparative analysis was performed.Result Of the 11 537 strains of clinical isolates,8 strains (0.07%) were unidentifiable,114 strains(1.62%) were identified to genus,and 6908 strains(98.38%) were identified to species(including subspecies and biogroups),excluding the factors of infections disease.There were a total of 193 species in 64 genera.The distribution of bacteriocin-types were gram-negative bacillus gram-positive coccus candids gram-positive bacillus anaerobes gram-negative coccus.The agreement rates for species and genus were 83.08%(54/65) and 98.46%(64/65) respectively in comparison with the reference strains,with the agreement rate for gramnegative bacillus being the highest(100%),while that for candids being the lowest(66.67%). The average positive rate of the bacterial species by the 7 identification cards were 56.80%(234 /412),with the positive rate by GPI card being the highest(100%) and that by NHI card being the lowest(13.33%),while the GNI+ card was applied most frequently.The positive rate of Staphylacoccus producing β-lactamase was 88.89%(360 /405) by VITEK-AMS.The positive rates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 59.74%(319 /534) and 32.20%(51 /177) respectively.Conclusion Vitek-AMS provides a highly efficient,fast and reliable method for clinical bacteriological examination,although the results for a few species and bacterial enzymes need si opus sit verification with a reference method.