Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of intravenous fluid supplementation for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies

Abstract Introduction The efficacy of intravenous fluid supplementation for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of intravenous fluid supplementation on treatment efficacy of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods We search PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library databases through June 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of intravenous fluid supplementation for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model. Results Six RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, intravenous fluid supplementation is associated with decreased TSB at 8 h (std. MD = −0.82; 95% CI = −1.46 to −0.17; p = .01), 12 h (std. MD = −0.46; 95% CI = −0.81 to −0.10; p = .01), 24 h (std. MD = −0.47; 95% CI = −0.78 to −0.16; p = .003) and 36 h (std. MD = −0.37; 95% CI = −0.73 to −0.02; p = .04), as well as reduced incidence of exchange transfusion (RR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.14–0.59; p = .0006), but has no significant impact on duration of phototherapy (std. MD = −0.34; 95% CI = −0.88–0.21; p = .22). Conclusions Intravenous fluid supplementation can provide additional benefits for the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
Hypertension Highlights International Society of Hypertension, World Hypertension, and Three New Classes of Antihypertensive Drugs

Potent new statistics on the true burden of hypertension in the world today -- to be remembered and cited by all those concerned with the dimensions of this healthcare challenge -- were highlighted at the fourth World Hypertension Day. Also this month, important new US guidelines for home blood pressure (BP) monitoring (patients monitor glucose -- why not BP? ) were published as well as the latest Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists Collaborative (BPLTTC) meta-analysis suggesting that it is the BP levels attained, not targeting different classes of drugs for different ages, that matters. And finally, encouraging results for no less than 3 potential new classes of antihypertensive agents, targeting new pathways?
Extensive genic and allelic heterogeneity underlying inherited retinal dystrophies in Mexican patients molecularly analyzed by next‐generation sequencing

Retinal dystrophies (RDs) are one of the most genetically heterogeneous monogenic disorders with ~270 associated loci identified by early 2019. The recent application of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) has greatly improved the molecular diagnosis of RD patients. Genetic characterization of RD cohorts from different ethnic groups is justified, as it would improve the knowledge of molecular basis of the disease. Here, we present the results of genetic analysis in a large cohort of 143 unrelated Mexican subjects with a variety of RDs.
The future of macroeconomics: why central bank models failed and how to repair them

The consensus that reigned in macroeconomics before the financial crisis has come under renewed attack. New Keynesian ‘dynamic stochastic general equilibrium’ models until recently dominated macroeconomic and central bank thinking. The failure of these models to capture interactions of finance and the real economy has been widely-recognized since the financial crisis. The models excluded money, debt and asset prices and, importantly, ignored changing credit markets, though the models took some account of price stickiness. These omissions stem from unrealistic microfoundations for household behaviour when many households face radical uncertainty, and from wrongly assuming that aggregate behaviour mimics a fully-informed ‘representative agent’. The wrong implications for aggregate consumption and the economy followed. This also affects more eclectic central bank policy models such as the Federal Reserve’s FRB-US model, to which central banks are now increasingly turning to escape the restrictions of New Keynesian DSGE. To repair these, aggregate consumption needs to be jointly modelled with the main elements of household balance sheets, extracting credit conditions as a latent variable. This research highlights the important role of debt and of housing, confirmed by recent micro-economic evidence, and of financial assets and the time and context-dependent role of housing collateral. Rather than ‘one-size-fits-all’ monetary and macro-prudential policy, institutional differences between countries then imply major differences for monetary policy transmission and policy.
Oral delivery of lycopene-loaded microemulsion for brain-targeting: preparation, characterization, pharmacokinetic evaluation and tissue distribution

Abstract Lycopene is considered as a promising neuroprotector with multiple bioactivities, while its therapeutic use in neurological disorders is restricted due to low solubility, instability and limited bioavailability. Our work aimed to develop lycopene-loaded microemulsion (LME) and investigate its potentials in improving bioavailability and brain-targeting efficiency following oral administration. The blank microemulsion (ME) excipients were selected based on orthogonal design and pseudo-ternary phase diagrams, and LME was prepared using the water titration method and characterized in terms of stability, droplet size distribution, zeta potential, shape and lycopene content. The optimized LME encompassed lycopene, (R)-(+)-limonene, Tween 80, Transcutol HP and water and lycopene content was 463.03 ± 8.96 µg/mL. This novel formulation displayed transparent appearance and satisfactory physical and chemical stabilities. It was spherical and uniform in morphology with an average droplet size of 12.61 ± 0.46 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.086 ± 0.028. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distributions of optimized LME were evaluated in rats and mice, respectively. The pharmacokinetic study revealed a dramatic 2.10-fold enhancement of relative bioavailability with LME against the control lycopene dissolved in olive oil (LOO) dosage form in rats. Moreover, LME showed a preferential targeting distribution of lycopene toward brain in mice, with the value of drug targeting index (DTI) up to 3.45. In conclusion, the optimized LME system demonstrated excellent physicochemical properties, enhanced oral bioavailability and superior brain-targeting capability. These findings provide a basis for the applications of ME-based strategy in brain-targeted delivery via oral route, especially for poorly water-soluble drugs.
Human MUC1. Mucin Gene: Effect of Immunization on the Growth of Murine Mammary Adenocarcinoma Cells

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Link-HD: a versatile framework to explore and integrate heterogeneous microbial communities

Abstract Motivation We present Link-HD, an approach to integrate multiple datasets. Link-HD is a generalization of ‘Structuration des Tableaux A Trois Indices de la Statistique–Analyse Conjointe de Tableaux’, a family of methods designed to integrate information from heterogeneous data. Here, we extend the classical approach to deal with broader datasets (e.g. compositional data), methods for variable selection and taxon-set enrichment analysis. Results The methodology is demonstrated by integrating rumen microbial communities from cows for which methane yield (CH4y) was individually measured. Our approach reproduces the significant link between rumen microbiota structure and CH4 emission. When analyzing the TARA’s ocean data, Link-HD replicates published results, highlighting the relevance of temperature with members of phyla Proteobacteria on the structure and functionality of this ecosystem. Availability and implementation The source code, examples and a complete manual are freely available in GitHub https://github.com/lauzingaretti/LinkHD and in Bioconductor https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/LinkHD.html.
Quantification of synthetic polyesters from biodegradable mulch films in soils.

Soil biodegradable mulch films composed of the polyester polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) are increasingly used in agriculture. Analytical methods to quantify PBAT in field soils are needed to assess its soil occurrence and fate. Here we report an analytical method for PBAT in soils that couples Soxhlet extraction or accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) to quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance (q-1H NMR) spectroscopy detection. 1H NMR peak areas of aromatic PBAT protons increased linearly with PBAT concentrations dissolved in chloroform, demonstrating accurate quantitation of PBAT by q-1H NMR. Spike-recovery experiments involving PBAT addition to model sorbents and soils showed increased PBAT extraction efficiencies into CHCl3 with methanol (MeOH) as co-solvent, consistent with MeOH competitively displacing PBAT from H-bond donating sites on mineral surfaces. Systematic variations in solvent composition and temperatures in ASE revealed quantitative PBAT extraction from soil with 90/10 volume% CHCl3/MeOH at 110-120 °C. Both Soxhlet extraction and ASE resulted in complete recovery of PBAT added to a total of seven agricultural soils covering a range of physicochemical properties, independent of whether PBAT was added to soils dissolved in CHCl3, as film or particles. Recovery was also complete for PBAT added to soil in the form of a commercial soil biodegradable mulch film with co-extractable polylactic acid. The presented analytical method enables accurate quantification and biodegradation monitoring of PBAT in agricultural field soils.
Delineating the molecular and histological events that govern right ventricular recovery using a novel mouse model of PA de-banding.

AIMS The temporal sequence of events underlying functional right ventricular (RV) recovery after improvement of pulmonary hypertension-associated pressure overload are unknown. We sought to establish a novel mouse model of gradual RV recovery from pressure overload and use it to delineate RV reverse-remodeling events. METHODS AND RESULTS Surgical pulmonary artery banding (PAB) around a 26G needle induced RV dysfunction with increased RV pressures, reduced exercise capacity and caused liver congestion, hypertrophic, fibrotic and vascular myocardial remodeling within 5 weeks of chronic RV pressure overload in mice. Gradual reduction of the afterload burden through PA band absorption (de-PAB) - after RV dysfunction and structural remodeling were established - initiated recovery of RV function (cardiac output, exercise capacity) along with rapid normalization in RV hypertrophy (RV/LV+S, cardiomyocyte area) and RV pressures (RVSP). RV fibrotic (collagen, elastic fibers, vimentin+ fibroblasts) and vascular (capillary density) remodeling were equally reversible, however reversal occurred at a later time-point after de-PAB, when RV function was already completely restored. Microarray gene expression (ClariomS, Thermo Fisher) along with gene ontology analyses in RV tissues revealed growth factors, immune modulators and apoptosis mediators as major cellular components underlying functional RV recovery. CONCLUSIONS We established a novel gradual de-PAB mouse model and used it to demonstrate that established pulmonary hypertension-associated RV dysfunction is fully reversible. Mechanistically, we link functional RV improvement to hypertrophic normalization that precedes fibrotic and vascular reverse-remodeling events. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE The right ventricle (RV) in pulmonary arterial hypertension possesses a remarkable ability to recover after lung transplantation. Yet, some transplant centers prefer a heart-lung instead of lung transplantation when the RV function is severely impaired because knowledge is lacking whether fibrotic and vascular myocardial remodeling are completely reversible once the increased afterload burden is relieved. We have developed a mouse model to study gradual unloading of the RV and identified key molecular components and the timing of RV reverse-remodeling events with the ultimate goal to understand the RV recovery process and identify ways how to support the RV during recovery.
Effects of fitness level and exercise intensity on pain and mood responses

The phenomenon of exercise‐induced hypoalgesia and concomitant mood changes is well‐established. How exercise‐induced hypoalgesia and affective responses are shaped by the intensity of an acute exercise bout and individual fitness levels is as yet not well‐understood. This study investigates whether heat pain threshold (PTh), pain tolerance (PTol) and affective parameters are modulated by the intensity of an acute exercise bout and/or individuals’ fitness level. Stronger analgesic responses are hypothesized after high‐intensity exercise in physically fitter subjects, possibly in sync with concomitant mood changes.
Persistence of an endangered native duck, feral mallards, and multiple hybrid swarms across the main Hawaiian Islands

Interspecific hybridization is recognized as an important process in the evolutionary dynamics of both speciation and the reversal of speciation. However, our understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of hybridization that erode versus promote species boundaries is incomplete. The endangered, endemic koloa maoli (or Hawaiian duck, Anas wyvilliana) is thought to be threatened with genetic extinction through ongoing hybridization with an introduced congener, the feral mallard (A. platyrhynchos). We investigated spatial and temporal variation in hybrid prevalence in populations throughout the main Hawaiian Islands, using genomic data to characterize population structure of koloa, quantify the extent of hybridization, and compare hybrid proportions over time. To accomplish this, we genotyped 3,308 double‐digest restriction‐site‐associated DNA (ddRAD) loci in 425 putative koloa, mallards, and hybrids from populations across the main Hawaiian Islands. We found that despite a population decline in the last century, koloa genetic diversity is high. There were few hybrids on the island of Kauaʻi, home to the largest population of koloa. By contrast, we report that sampled populations outside of Kauaʻi can now be characterized as hybrid swarms, in that all individuals sampled were of mixed koloa × mallard ancestry. Further, there is some evidence that these swarms are stable over time. These findings demonstrate spatial variation in the extent and consequences of interspecific hybridization, and highlight how islands or island‐like systems with small population sizes may be especially prone to genetic extinction when met with a congener that is not reproductively isolated.
Labor Supply Responses and Adjustment Frictions: A Tax-Free Year in Iceland

Labor income earned in Iceland in 1987 went untaxed. I use this episode to study labor supply responses to temporary wage changes. I construct a new population-wide dataset of earnings and working time from pay slips and use two identification strategies to estimate intensive and extensive margin Frisch elasticities of 0.37 and 0.10, respectively. Workers with the ability to adjust drive these average responses: extensive margin responses by young and close-to-retirement cohorts and intensive margin responses by workers in temporally flexible jobs. However, constrained workers take up secondary jobs, which contribute to one-tenth of the overall response. Importantly, married women with children and the wives of men in temporally inflexible jobs respond more strongly than other women do. Within families, wives respond more than do their husbands, who themselves respond negatively to their wives’ tax cuts. This is consistent with substitutability in nonmarket time. Overall, my results suggest that adjustment frictions reduce aggregate labor supply responses to tax cuts and can similarly explain differences in elasticities within and across countries.
Dissecting the functional outcomes of first episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a 10-year follow-up study in the PAFIP cohort

Abstract Background The aim of the current study was to examine the heterogeneity of functional outcomes in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and related clinical, neurocognitive and sociodemographic factors using a cluster analytic approach. Method A large sample of FEP patients (N = 209) was functionally reassessed 10 years after the first contact with an early intervention service. Multiple baseline, 3-year and 10-year follow-up variables were explored. Results The cluster analysis emphasized the existence of six independent clusters of functioning: one cluster was normal overall (42.16%), two clusters showed moderate interpersonal (9.63%) or instrumental (12.65%) deficits, two clusters showed more severe interpersonal (12.05%) or interpersonal and instrumental (13.85%) deficits and there was a significantly overall impaired cluster (9.63%). Cluster comparisons showed that several baseline and follow-up factors were differentially involved in functional outcomes. Conclusions The current study demonstrated that distinct clusters of functioning in FEP patients can be identified. The fact that a variety of profiles was observed contributes to a better understanding of the nature of the heterogeneity characterizing FEP patients and has clinical implications for developing individualized treatment plans.
The Relationship of Workplace Violence and Nurse Outcomes: Gender Difference Study on A Propensity Score Matched Sample.

AIMS To investigate workplace violence and nurse outcomes by comparing gender differences. DESIGN A secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data. METHODS Workplace violence was measured by four items from the International Hospital Outcome Study. Nurse outcomes were measured by tools including burnout, job satisfaction and intention to stay. We used propensity score matching to generate a sociodemographic-balanced dataset of 108 male and 288 female nurses. A hypothetical relationship model was derived from the affective events theory. Comparative statistics and multi-group structural equation modeling were conducted to analyze gender differences. Data were collected in China from December 2013 - August 2014. RESULTS Male nurses reported more workplace violence from staff and less intention to stay than females. Besides finding the mediation of burnout sharing with female nurses consistent with the affective events theory, workplace violence was directly linked to less intention to stay in male nurses. CONCLUSION Male nurses experience more workplace violence by staff than female nurses. Besides responding emotionally to workplace violence like female nurses, male nurses also respond behaviorally. IMPACT What problem did the study address? Gender differences in workplace violence and its relationship to nurse outcomes. What were the main findings? Male nurses experienced more workplace violence than female nurses, linked directly to less intention to stay. Workplace violence linked to less job satisfaction and intention to stay in nurses was mediated by burnout. Where and on whom will the research have impact? Gender-based prevention of and coping with workplace violence should be included in nursing training.
A Parenting Behavior Intervention (the Strengthening Families Program) for Families: Noninferiority Trial of Different Program Delivery Methods

Background The Strengthening Families Program (SFP) is an evidence-based parent training and youth life skills and drug prevention program traditionally delivered in group settings. Families attend parent and youth classes conducted by trained facilitators. Recently, a 2-disk home-use DVD series was created with the same SFP skills as the group classes for parents and the youth to watch together at home. Additional lesson material was added that included healthy brain development, school success, anger management, dangers of alcohol and drugs, and mindfulness. The SFP DVD reduces SFP delivery costs for agencies and logistic burdens to families. Creative applications of the DVD include holding SFP DVD family discussion groups of multiple families and using SFP DVD video clips as part of a shorter 10-week group class version for parents and the youth. Objective This study aimed to examine three different DVD implementation scenarios using a noninferiority trial, contrasting target outcomes with an age-matched sample culled from a national norm database of families who completed a standard SFP 14-week class. Methods The partial eta-square was used to compare effect sizes between the different delivery modalities for relevant programmatic outcomes. We adjusted the effect sizes by demographic measures to determine whether there were site-specific features influencing program outcomes. Results For the unadjusted effect size comparisons, 13 of the 15 indicated that the home-use DVD outperformed group norms with an average 0.13 effect size estimate difference across the comparisons (28% improvement in the effect size for DVD condition). Comparisons of the home-use DVD condition with the mixed DVD use conditions showed no discernable pattern where one condition consistently outperformed another. Adjusted effect sizes still reinforced the superiority of the DVD conditions; however, there was some shrinkage in the effect sizes as expected with the inclusion of relevant covariates. Conclusions The home-use DVD shows that it is possible to effectively deliver an affordable family-based intervention using alternative technology outside of the traditional group-based class format. In almost all of the comparisons, the DVD conditions outperformed the group norms, underscoring that low-cost DVDs or viewing the videos on the Web may provide a useful surrogate for costly group-based formats. Future studies may want to improve on the quasi-experimental design by examining programmatic differences based on delivery format using a randomized controlled trial, thus strengthening the causal framework regarding program effects. In addition, the assessment protocol relied on retrospective reporting, which, although this can limit response shift bias, does not separate data collection in time as with a true pre- and posttest design.