Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overdosed on happiness : give me one more shot and I’ll buy your product! The influence of positive and negative emotions in advertising

Companies are spending billions of dollars to sell their products and services to consumers. Because of the growing competition and the small differences between products, promoting one’s products in an original way might even be more important than the specifications of the products itself. When designing advertising campaigns, the use of emotions can play a huge role. However, the impact of using negative emotions in advertising has been largely ignored, as no clear overview exists. An overview would be very helpful, as negative emotions might be used to enrich consumers’ experiences in advertising. The aim of the current research is to investigate which emotions are best suited when advertising for happy or anxious consumers. A total of 226 young consumers participated by filling in an online questionnaire. All of the participants were exposed to a fictional news story, which was specifically designed to give them either a feeling of happiness or a feeling of anxiety. Then, participants were asked to look at an advertisement. These advertisements were aimed at feeling sad, feeling happy or feeling anxious. This 2 x 3 between subjects design was used to measure multiple constructs. The dependent variables were the attitude towards the advertisement, the personal involvement with the advertisement and the purchase intention. For data analysis, a two-factor MANOVA with two pre ad emotions (happiness and anxiety) and three emotionally framed advertisements (happiness, anxiety and sadness) was performed on the three dependent variables. Results give clear evidence that happy consumers favor happy emotions in an advertisement. Furthermore, no significant differences were found when happy and anxious participants were exposed to a sad advertisement, or to an anxious advertisement. The results imply that consumers do not experience any differences when they are exposed to either a sad or an anxious advertisement. Furthermore, positive emotions like happiness seem to have a positive influence on the purchase intention. Future research is needed to complete a clear framework when using specific (negative) emotions in advertising. The results of the current study could be used to identify which emotions are suited when promoting products for consumers, for instance when they are watching a horror movie or a comedy movie.
On the optimal allocation of students when peer effect works: Tracking vs Mixing

The belief that both the behavior and outcomes of students are affected by their peers is important in shaping education policy. I analyze two polar education systems -tracking and mixing- and propose several criteria for their comparison. I find that tracking is the system that maximizes average human capital in societies where the distribution of pre-school achievement is not very dispersed. I also find that when peer effects and individuals’ pre-school achievement are close substitutes, all risk averse individuals prefer mixing.
Efficacy of colimox® (a new combination of amoxicillin and colistin) in the control of experimentally induced necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of amoxicillin and colistin either alone or in combination (colimox ® ) for control of experimentally induced C. perfringens infections in broiler chickens. Three hundred birds were used and divided into five groups (A, B, C, D and E, each of 60 bird). At the 14 th day of age, birds in all groups (except group A) were inoculated orally with 0.5 mL of C. perfringens broth culture (10 9 CFU/mL). Two days later, drugs were orally administered once daily for five consecutive days as follow; Group A and B were left untreated. Group C, D and E were treated with amoxicillin (20 mg/kg b.wt), colistin (100000 IU /kg b.wt), colimox ® (amoxicillin plus colistin), respectively. The efficacy of used drugs were determined on the basis of clinical symptoms, mortality rate, body weight, total feed consumption, feed conversion rate and scores of intestinal lesions. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amoxicillin against C. perfringens was done by micro-broth dilution method and was ≤ 2 µg/mL. Efficacy results indicated that all used medications were effective (but with different degrees) in control of C. perfringens induced necrotic enteritis as expressed by significant (p<0.05) reduction of clinical signs, mortalities and intestinal lesion scores as well as improving the performance parameters in broiler chickens, however colimox ® was the superior. It could be concluded that combination of amoxicillin and colistin (colimox ® ) was of a considerable value in control of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens than using them separately.
The effect of auditors' geographic distance and industry specialization on the reporting of goodwill impairment

Using a sample of 1,385 firm year observations collected for UK nonfinancial listed firms on the LSE FTSE ALL SHARES index, this paper investigates the effect of geographic proximity between auditors and their clients, and auditor industry specialization on the reporting of goodwill impairment over the period from 2006 – 2014. Results show a strongly significant positive relationship between geographic distance, measure by log of miles, and both the likelihood and magnitude of unexpected goodwill impairment. This indicates that the greater the distance between audit firm and the client headquarter, the greater information asymmetry and the less likely that auditors might control management from manipulating the impairment test and reporting more/less goodwill impairment than it should be. Interestingly, when the auditor is specialized, his expertise and knowledge helps to reduce the information asymmetry problems and become better able to challenge the management on the estimates and assumptions they have used, and thus constrain them from using goodwill impairment as a tool for managing their earnings. However, auditors’ specialization is moderating this relationship only when auditors are classified as being specialized on the regional level, demonstrating that knowledge and expertise are shared only between audit partners and offices located in the same region, and not expanded to others located outside that region.
Multiple paternity and sperm storage lead to increased genetic diversity in Anolis lizards

Question: Are multiple mating and sperm storage important in the evolution of Anolis lizards? Data description: Rates of multiple paternity in field-caught dams, timing of sperm storage from field-caught dams, sire order effects, genetic diversity of progeny, timing of sperm storage from controlled matings in the laboratory. Data are based on the use of eight microsatellite loci, natural and controlled breeding studies. Search method: We used exclusionary paternity analysis to score the number of sires that fertilized each female’s eggs. We scored the days since copulation that females continued to produce fertile eggs in the laboratory as a measure of the timing of sperm storage. We estimated differences in sire RS (field only) as a function of sire order. We compared proportions of shared microsatellite alleles between full-sibs and half-sibs relative to the population mean as an index of progeny genetic diversity. Conclusion: Anolis sagrei is one of the most promiscuous amniote vertebrates studied. Most (80%) female A. sagrei mate with multiple males and can store sperm for more than 2 months. Mate order has little impact on sire reproductive success. The genetic diversity among progeny from females that mate with multiple males is higher, and closer to the total genetic diversity in the population, compared with progeny from monogamous females. We discuss potential adaptive explanations for multiple paternity, including the importance of sexual conflict in the mating system.
A STUDY OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT EFFECT ON SEED GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS AND SEEDLING SURVIVAL MONTPELLIER MAPLE (ACER MENSPESSOLANUM SUBSP. TURCOMANICUM RECH. F.)

Montpellier maple (Acer monspessulanum subsp. turcomanicum Rech. f.) is a valuable species in the mountain forests of Hezar Masjed in Northern Khorasan and Khorasan Razavi province that is expanded in the northeastern highlands of mountains of thousands of Hezar Masjed and Kope Dagh. This species because of the drought resistance is suitable for reforestation in semi-arid climate. Its seed is collected from highlands of the southern slopes of the Kopet Dagh and pretreatment test of dormancy breaking which includes moist chilling (in four levels 0,3, 4 and 5 months) and scarification (Sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid) and applying gibberellic acid hormone is done (at two levels of 250 and 500 ppm concentration). Indicators including seed viability, germination rate, mean of germination time, duration and completion of the germination and establishment percentage of seedlings were recorded and analyzed after six months in the greenhouse environment.This research is applied in a completely randomized design with four replications and data were analyzed by using LSD test method and SAS software. The results showed that seed germination percentage has significant difference among treatments at level (P <0.001). The highest percentage of germination referred to the 500 ppm and 250 ppm gibberellic acid treatments with five months moist chilling which were 38 and 34 %, respectively. The evaluation of the survival percentage of seedlings after 6 months in the greenhouse environment showed that the highest survival rate relates to five and four months moist chilling treatment which are 56 and 53 %.
Causality Relationship between Agricultural Exports and Economic Growth in Ethiopia: A Case of Coffee,Oilseed and Pulses

This article investigated the causal relationships between agricultural exports and economic growth (GDP) in Ethiopia usin time series data for forty one years from 1973 to 2013. The study used Augmented Dickey Fuller (Dickey and Fuller, 1979) and Phillips-Perron(PP) (Phillips and Perron, 1988) to test for unit root and Granger model to test causality. The result of stationarity test reveals that the null hypothesis that the variables have a unit root is not rejected in the case of all the variables at level form I (0). However, the null hypothesis that the first-differences of these variables have a unit root is rejected. This showed that, the series data is stationary at first difference and hence the variables are considered as integrated of order one or I (1) process. On the other hand the causality relationship found that there is bidirectional relationship between coffee export, oilseed export and economic growth whereas unidirectional relationship was found between pulses export and economic growth which is running from pulse export to economic growth (GDP). Based on the findings, it is recommended that policies aimed at increasing the productivity and quality of these cash crops should be implemented. Also additional value should be added to them before exporting. Correspondingly, there is also a need to devote resources on the production of non-export goods in order to increase exports since they have bi directional relationship. When this is done, it will lead to a higher rate of economic growth in Ethiopia Keywords : Agriculture, Agricultural exports, Economic growth, causality
Raman and IR-ATR spectroscopy studies of heteroepitaxial structures with a GaN:C top layer

This work, motivated by the technologically important task of determination of carbon dopant location in the GaN crystal lattice, employed Raman spectroscopy, with both resonant and non-resonant excitation, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, in the attenuated total reflection (ATR) configuration, to study lattice vibration modes in a set of carbon-doped GaN (GaN:C) epilayers grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy. We analyse Raman and IR-ATR spectra from the point of view of possible effects of the carbon doping, namely: (i) local vibration mode of C atoms in the nitrogen sublattice (whose frequency we theoretically estimate as 768 cm−1 using an isotope defect model), and (ii) shift in the positions of longitudinal modes owing to the phonon–plasmon coupling. We find only indirect hints of the doping effect on the resonant Raman spectra. However, we show theoretically and confirm experimentally that the IR-ATR spectroscopy can be a much more sensitive tool for this purpose, at least for the considered structures. A weak perturbation of the dielectric function of GaN:C, caused by the substitutional carbon impurity, is shown to produce a measurable dip in the ATR reflectivity spectra at ≈770 cm−1 for both p- and s-polarizations. Moreover, it influences a specific (guided-wave type) mode observed at ≈737 cm−1, originating from the GaN layer, which appears in the narrow frequency window where the real parts of the two components of the dielectric tensor of the hexagonal crystal have opposite signs. This interpretation is supported by our modelling of the whole multilayer structure, using a transfer matrix formalism.
Numerical analyses of bubble point tests used for membrane characterisation: model development and experimental validation

A model for simulating the microhydrodynamics of liquid/air flow inside membrane pores was developed, using a continuous penalty finite element scheme. The developed scheme combines the features of two-phase flow systems with flexibility and accuracy. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was applied to track the motion of the gas–liquid interfacial boundaries as an approach to monitor the repulsion of the wetting liquid from the pores to detect their bubble pressures. To resolve the complexities arising from the inclusion of the surface tension at the liquid–gas interface as an unknown dynamic condition, it is treated as a resistance force in the equations of motion. The effects of the surface tension and other forces such as buoyancy are then determined by a model calibration factor with respect to a set of experimental data. To obtain the experimental data (e.g. pore size distribution, bubble pressures) for model validation, the bubble point test was conducted on different Nuclepore track-etched membrane samples, which also provided insights into the mechanisms underlying the test and the interpretation of the pore size distribution. The experimental data are used to calibrate the numerical model. The calibrated model was, in turn, used to predict the outcome of bubble point tests for a range of inlet boundary conditions (e.g. pressures). The results obtained from our simulations are in good agreement with the experimental data, indicating the ability of the developed model to accurately predict the bubble point pressure. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linking Bonding and Bridging Ownership Social Capital in Private Firms

This study examines the relationship between bonding and bridging ownership social capital (OSC) for a random sample of 679 privately held small and medium-sized firms. Results confirm the positive effects of bonding OSC (quality of relationships and shared vision) on bridging OSC (network mobilization) as well as two- and three-way moderator effects of family firm identity and ownership–management overlap. Moderator effects are more robust, however, for the shared vision indicator of bonding OSC. Implications for social capital theory, social and organizational identity theory, and family firm research and practice are discussed.
Drought Trend Analysis in Kano Using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)

The trend analysis was carried out using non-parametric Mann-Kendall trend test for Kano using a long term 100 years rainfall data. In other to assess the short term, seasonal, annual and long term droughts, the study employed the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 month time scales using the rainfall time series data. The SPI values computed for all the time scales revealed a non significant increasing trend for the entire study period (1911-2010), while period 1911-1995 revealed a significant decreasing trend especially in August, September and October. For comparison between different time periods, the 100 years series was sub-divided into 30 years overlapping time period. Period 1951-1980 and 1961-1990 revealed the highest number of statistically significant downward trend. The Z values from Mann-Kendall test ranges from 4.05 to -2.86, which shows how erratic the rainfall could be in Kano. All the analyzed months for periods 1911-1940, 1971-2000, 1981-2010 and 1941-1970 (except May in 1941-1970) showed a general increasing trend for all the time scales. However, periods 1971-2000 and 1981-2010 showed a significant increasing trend which implies that rainfall over the station is at the increase. The value of the slope ranges between -0.053 and 0.118 for all the time scales. High slope values were more prevalent in the higher time scales.
Linear stability of confined flow around a 180-degree sharp bend

This study seeks to characterise the breakdown of the steady two-dimensional solution in the flow around a 180-degree sharp bend to infinitesimal three-dimensional disturbances using a linear stability analysis. The stability analysis predicts that three-dimensional transition is via a synchronous instability of the steady flows. A highly accurate global linear stability analysis of the flow was conducted with Reynolds number $\mathit{Re}<1150$ and bend opening ratio (ratio of bend width to inlet height) $0.2\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}\leqslant 5$ . This range of $\mathit{Re}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$ captures both steady-state two-dimensional flow solutions and the inception of unsteady two-dimensional flow. For $0.2\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}\leqslant 1$ , the two-dimensional base flow transitions from steady to unsteady at higher Reynolds number as $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$ increases. The stability analysis shows that at the onset of instability, the base flow becomes three-dimensionally unstable in two different modes, namely a spanwise oscillating mode for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}=0.2$ and a spanwise synchronous mode for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}\geqslant 0.3$ . The critical Reynolds number and the spanwise wavelength of perturbations increase as $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$ increases. For $1<\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}\leqslant 2$ both the critical Reynolds number for onset of unsteadiness and the spanwise wavelength decrease as $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$ increases. Finally, for $2<\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}\leqslant 5$ , the critical Reynolds number and spanwise wavelength remain almost constant. The linear stability analysis also shows that the base flow becomes unstable to different three-dimensional modes depending on the opening ratio. The modes are found to be localised near the reattachment point of the first recirculation bubble.
Multilayered graphene anode for blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes

In this work, we report on blue organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), which have multilayered graphene as its anode. Our graphene films have been grown catalytically and transferred to the support. The fabricated blue OLEDs with graphene anode showed outstanding external quantum efficiency of 15.6% and power efficiency of 24.1 lm/W at 1000 cd/m2. Weak oxygen plasma treatments on graphene film surfaces improved the injection property between the anode and hole injection layer.
Continuous Laser Fabrication Method using Adaptive Cell Decomposition

A one-axis on-the-fly method was developed in order to extend the processing area of the existing laser processing systems. Demands for high precision laser processing with wide areas have been increasing in a number of applications such as solar cell batteries, display parts, electronic components, the automobile industry, and so on. However, ultra-high speed laser scanner systems are limited by the size of the scanning area, for example 50 x 50 mm. Even though a laser scanner system that can scan a wide area has been developed recently, the distortion of the scanning quality becomes more serious as the scan area increases. In this paper, an algorithm using adaptive cell decomposition is proposed. The developed method is differentiated from the existing step and scan method in that it can guarantee continuous stage movements, which may improve the processing speed and laser fabrication quality.
Interaction multimodale en entrée : Conception et Prototypage

Les interfaces multimodales se caracterisent par la multiplicite des modalites d'interaction et leurs combinaisons. Ces modalites d'interaction atomiques ou combinees sont offertes a l'utilisateur pour interagir avec un systeme (modalites en entree) ou exploites par le systeme pour fournir des informations (modalites en sortie). L'interaction multimodale en entree ne se limite plus aujourd'hui a la combinaison de la parole et du geste : de nombreuses modalites d'interaction, comme les interactions multi-doigts et bi-manuelles, le suivi du regard ou les interfaces tangibles, ouvrent un vaste espace de possibilites pour la multimodalite. Face a ce constat, il est donc important de pouvoir explorer efficacement l'espace de possibilites lors de la conception d'interfaces multimodales : nos travaux visent a definir des solutions conceptuelles et logicielles pour l'exploration des possibilites en termes d'interactions multimodales en entree. Nous presentons ainsi une approche a composants pour la conception et le prototypage fonctionnel et/ou non fonctionnel d'interfaces multimodales en entree. Nous adoptons une approche par flots de donnees, reposant sur un assemblage de composants qui decrit l'interaction multimodale en entree pour une tâche utilisateur donnee. Nos contributions sont conceptuelles et logicielles. Notre contribution conceptuelle consiste en un espace de caracterisation de composants logiciels pour la multimodalite en entree. Cet espace permet de caracteriser les composants logiciels au sein de l'assemblage de composants qui decrit une interaction multimodale. Il offre au concepteur un cadre conceptuel afin de lui permettre de decrire precisement des alternatives de conception. Notre contribution logicielle consiste en un outil de prototypage base sur un modele a composants qui implemente notre espace de caracterisation (notre contribution conceptuelle). L'outil permet au concepteur de creer et d'executer un assemblage de composants definissant une interaction multimodale. Nous avons developpe de nombreux prototypes multimodaux sur PC et sur telephones mobiles a l'aide de cet outil, qu'ils soient fonctionnels ou en partie simules par un compere humain selon une approche Magicien d'Oz. Ces prototypes mettent en oeuvre une grande variete de modalites d'interaction comme des gestes 2D et 3D, le pointage 3D, la voix, les mouvements de la tete, les mouvements du corps, la geolocalisation ou encore des interactions tangibles.