Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time matters in groups

This chapter deals with some temporal features of group work, and with how those temporal matters are affected when technological tools are added. The first section deals with matters of temporal structure, such as stages of group development and phases of group task performance, treating those issues in terms of a new time-based theory of functional groups. The second section deals with matters of temporal patterning, giving special emphasis to entrainment processes. The third section considers an array of potential technological tools that can mediate and modify cooperative work in groups. Those tools are discussed in terms of how they might aid or hinder the temporal flow of communication and work in groups. That last section also poses some key questions for research. The questions addressed in this book are, preeminently, matters of time: Groups develop and exist in a temporal context. Work is planned and carried out on real time schedules. Human behavior—at work and otherwise, alone and in groups—is temporally patterned in complex ways. And the introduction of technological tools, above all else, tampers with the time and space of it. So—to expand the pun of the title—this chapter will explore some temporal matters involved in the work of groups, and will try to show how such temporal matters do matter, both when people work together on common tasks, and when technological tools are added to the mix. Issues regarding the temporal structure of group behavior have been raised at each of several levels of temporal scope. At the most macro level, the
Revision, phylogeny and phylogeography of the cicada genus Auritibicen (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), with descriptions of ten new species

We review the cicada genus Auritibicen Lee, 2015 based on the description of ten new species: A. aethus sp. n. , A. daoxianensis sp. n. , A. pallidus sp. n. , A. rotundus sp. n. , A. curvatus sp. n. , A. purus sp. n. , A. parvus sp. n. , A. gracilis sp. n. , A. septatus sp. n. and A. lijiangensis sp. n. Auritibicen shikokuanus (Kato, 1959) is confirmed to be a synonym of Auritibicen kyushyuensis (Kato, 1926). Diagnoses and descriptions, along with illustrations of the structure of male genitalia, are provided for all Auritibicen species. The systematics of Auritibicen is elucidated using both morphological and molecular characterization. Thirty-five morphological characters of the 24 species of Auritibicen and one outgroup taxon, Chremistica ochracea (Walker, 1850), were scored. Morphological phylogenetic analyses reveal the relationships among related species of Auritibicen, which are supported by a number of morphological characters. The mitochondrial gene fragments of Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) of 11 species of Auritibicen and two outgroup Lyristes species were analyzed and yielded identical robust phylogenetic trees. The phylogram based on a Bayesian analysis of both morphological and molecular data is similar to the ML/BI topologies based only on the molecular data. The molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates that species of Auritibicen are structured phylogeographically, with related species clustered into three lineages. The divergence time estimated based on molecular data indicates that the divergence of Auritibicen from Lyristes occurred during the Miocene, and the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of Auritibicen evolved during the Pliocene. However, the time when the main divergence events of species of Auritibicen occurred was the Pleistocene. From the combination of the phylogeny and updated geographical distributions, we infer that the center of distribution of Auritibicen could be Southwest China (e.g., Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces), from where species of this genus spreaded northeastwards to Shaanxi, Hubei and other provinces along the Qinling and Daba Mountains, then further northeastwards to Hebei Province in China and also to Far East Russia, the Korean Penisula, and Japan.
An experiment in managing language diversity across cultures

Developing ontologies from scratch appears to be very expensive in terms of cost and time required and often such efforts remain unfinished for decades. Ontology localization through translation seems to be a promising approach towards addressing this issue as it enables the greater reuse of the ontological (backbone) structure. However, during ontology localization, managing language diversity across cultures remains as a challenge that has to be taken into account and dealt with the right level of attention and expertise. Furthermore, reliability of the provided knowledge in the localized ontology is appearing as a non-trivial issue to be addressed. In this paper, we report the result of our experiment, performed on approximately 1000 concepts taken from the space ontology originally developed in English, consisted in providing their translation into Mongolian.
Research on intelligent fault identification technology of wind turbine supported by fault knowledge base

Wind power companies are increasingly introducing fault diagnosis technologies, however, the full use of these technologies mainly depends on expert experience. This paper puts forward a fault identification method for the intelligent fault identification of wind turbine based on fault knowledge base. The model uses principal component analysis to integrate the eigenvalues of vibration and SCADA signals, and then takes the existing fault sample with the highest matching rate in the wind farm fault knowledge base as the input to train the least squares support vector regression algorithm model optimized by particle swarm optimization. The matching rates of fault samples in the fault knowledge base are updated after each diagnosis. Finally, the measured data of the wind farm are used to verify the effect of the model. It is proved that, if the fault samples are sufficiently trained, this method can accurately diagnose the existing faults from the fault base.
Univariate log-concave density estimation with symmetry or modal constraints

We study nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation of a log-concave density function $f_0$ which is known to satisfy further constraints, where either (a) the mode $m$ of $f_0$ is known, or (b) $f_0$ is known to be symmetric about a fixed point $m$. We develop asymptotic theory for both constrained log-concave maximum likelihood estimators (MLE's), including consistency, global rates of convergence, and local limit distribution theory. In both cases, we find the MLE's pointwise limit distribution at $m$ (either the known mode or the known center of symmetry) and at a point $x_0 \ne m$. Software to compute the constrained estimators is available in the R package \verb+logcondens.mode+. The symmetry-constrained MLE is particularly useful in contexts of location estimation. The mode-constrained MLE is useful for mode-regression. The mode-constrained MLE can also be used to form a likelihood ratio test for the location of the mode of $f_0$. These problems are studied in separate papers. In particular, in a separate paper we show that, under a curvature assumption, the likelihood ratio statistic for the location of the mode can be used for hypothesis tests or confidence intervals that do not depend on either tuning parameters or nuisance parameters.
Abundance and Symbiotic Potential of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Nodule Associated Bacteria in Western Kenya Soil

Plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria are beneficial native soil bacteria that colonize plant roots and result in increased plant growth. Those that colonise the nodules of legumes are known as nodule associated bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chemical soil factors on the abundance of nodule associated bacteria and the symbiotic efficiency of these bacteria when coinoculated with Phaseolus vulgaris in Western Kenya soils. The soil samples were collected from cultivated lands in Kisumu near Lake Victoria, slopes of Mt. Elgon and Kakamega. In each of these regions, the soil samples were collected from four regions. 1ml of soil solution at 10 fold dilution for seven dilution steps (10 -1 to 10 -7 ) and three replications for each dilution was used to inoculate common bean seedling in the Leonard jars. They were harvested after four weeks to determine abundance of nodule associated bacteria using most probable number plant infection method. Mt. Elgon region had the highest population of nodule associated bacteria (120000 cells per gram of the soil), followed by Kisumu (1290 cells per gram of the soil) and Kakamega region had the lowest (17 cells per gram of the soil). The effect of plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria on the yield of common beans was significantly higher (p < o.oo1) when co-inoculated with Rhizobia compared to the yield of Rhizobia inoculated alone or negative control (not inoculated) ( p < 0.05 ). This study therefore provides knowledge on the factors that favour the survival of common bean symbiotic bacteria and their symbiotic capability which is necessary for production of plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria inoculants suitable to the soils of Western Kenya.
From aid effectiveness to conditional aid effectiveness

The AEL (aid effectiveness literature) studies the effect of development aid using econometrics on macro data. It contains about 100 papers of which a third analyzes conditional models where aid effectiveness depends upon z, so that aid only works for a certain range of the variable. The key term in this family of AEL models is thus an interaction term of z times aid. The leading candidates for z are a good policy index and aid itself. In this paper, metaanalysis techniques are used (i) to determine whether the AEL has established the said interaction terms, and (ii) to identify some of the determinants of the differences in results between studies. Taking all available studies in consideration, we find no support for conditionality with respect to policy, while conditionality regarding aid itself is dubious. However, the results differ depending on the authors’ institutional affiliation.
A new mobile peer-to-peer architecture

With the increasing diversity and quantity of mobile terminals, the demand of new applications in the mobile networks has become increasingly high. However, due to the limitations of mobile devices, such as bandwidth, storage, and computation capability, and unpredictable connectivity, the development of new applications is restricted. In order to address this problem, we present a new scalable and reliable mobile P2P network architecture which is composed of cellular Ad Hoc network, wireless access network and 3G core network. Our objective is to emphasize both scalability and reliability issues of searching sharing resource index information in a cost effective way. In this system, an index server is connected with a GGSN in each PLMN to provide the sharing resource index information. We have evaluated the proposed system by comparing the index server searching mechanism with the general flooding searching mechanism. The results show that our design significantly improves the energy cost and the system scalability.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COOLING PLASMA IN QUIESCENT ACTIVE REGION LOOPS

In the present work, we use SOHO/SUMER, SOHO/UVCS, SOHO/EIT, SOHO/LASCO, STEREO/EUVI, and Hinode/EIS coordinated observations of an active region (AR 10989) at the west limb taken on 2008 April 8 to study the cooling of coronal loops. The cooling plasma is identified using the intensities of SUMER spectral lines emitted at temperatures in the 4.15 ⩽ log T ⩽ 5.45 range. EIS and SUMER spectral observations are used to measure the physical properties of the loops. We found that before cooling took place these loops were filled with coronal hole-like plasma, with temperatures in the 5.6 ⩽ log T ⩽ 5.9 range. SUMER spectra also allowed us to determine the plasma temperature, density, emission measure, element abundances, and dynamic status during the cooling process. The ability of EUVI to observe the emitting region from a different direction allowed us to measure the volume of the emitting region and estimate its emission measure. Comparison with values measured from line intensities provided us with an estimate of the filling factor. UVCS observations of the coronal emission above the active region showed no streamer structure associated with AR 10989 at position angles between 242°and 253. ° EIT, LASCO, and EUVI-A narrowband images and UVCS spectral observations were used to discriminate between different scenarios and monitor the behavior of the active region in time. The present study provides the first detailed measurements of the physical properties of cooling loops, a very important benchmark for theoretical models of loop cooling and condensation.
Evaluations of tissue segmentation of brain MR images

Accurate brain tissue segmentation of MR (Magnetic Resonance) images has been one of the most important research areas for several years. It is important to have an accurate segmentation of different brain tissue types for various applications such as radiotherapy planning, imageguided interventions, surgical planning by using Electroencphalography (EEG) or Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) information and brain disease studies such as Alzheimer and Multiple sclerosis (MS). However, all the mentioned applications are crucially dependent on the level of accuracy of brain tissue segmentation. Thus, this is important to choose the best algorithm to reach the most accurate tissue segmentation. In this project different software packages for brain tissue segmentation were studied. We have chosen the most sophisticated ones for the evaluation and comparison. SPM8 [7], FSL [8] and FreeSurfer [9] are selected which are three most widely used brain tissue segmentation software packages. The evaluation for each software package carried out by performing tissue segmentation over 18 brain phantoms provided by Brainweb [35] with 6 different noise levels and 3 different RF inhomogeneity values. Then the resulted images for each tissue type from each software compared voxel by voxel with the ground truth images for each tissue type. To provide a volumetric voxel by voxel comparison between ground truth images and output images from software packages the 3dOverlap command line from AFNI software package [41] used together with Jimmy Shen’s library in MATLAB [36]. Finally to compare the performance of these three software packages the misclassification rate were calculated for each tissue type.
Recovery and Stability in Barrier Island Plant Communities

As a habitat for plants, barrier islands are characterized by constant salt spray and desiccation stress, punctuated by periodic storm events. This combination of chronic and stochastic effects of abiotic factors leads to the development of unique plant communities, with some species endemic to the habitat. Two hurricanes made landfall on Santa Rosa Island, Florida in 1995. A storm surge from one resulted in overwashes of many areas of the barrier island. These areas were scoured by water and sand, denuding them of vegetation. Plant community dynamics of a heavily impacted area and an area of secondary dunes that received minor damage were monitored over a three-year period. The data suggest a stable endpoint in the unaffected area characterized by constant species richness, species evenness and vegetative coverage despite year to year changes in species composition. The storm surge area revegetated rapidly to an average plant coverage equal to the undisturbed area, yet the recovery was the result of high abundance of relatively few species. The dune building plants Sea oats (Uniola paniculata), Blue stem (Schizachyrum maritime), and Bitter Panicum (Pamicum amarum) were dominant components of the rapid recovery community, and many appeared to grow from colony fragments dispersed in the storm surge-leveled sand. Substantial species turnover of rare species was observed for both areas. It is anticipated that the storm surge area will continue to change as dunes rebuild creating microhabitats and as more species colonize from distant areas of the island.
Planned contacts and collision avoidance in optimal control problems

In previous works, discrete mechanics and optimal control for constrained systems (DMOCC) has been introduced for the structure preserving simulation of optimal control problems for rigid multibody systems, whereby possible contacts or collisions between the bodies have been disregarded. In the formulation presented here, both collision avoidance as well as explicitly planned collisions between non‐smooth bodies are included. To this end, a subdifferentiable global contact detection algorithm, the supporting separating hyperplane linear program (SSHLP), based on the signed distance between supporting hyperplanes of two convex sets, is used in the simulation of optimal control problems. (© 2012 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High-Performance Generator for a New Generation of Aircrafts

The article describes multidisciplinary design process of high-performance electric generator for advanced aircrafts by analytical methods and computer modeling techniques (electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical calculations). New technical solutions used in its development are described. The main ideas are revealed of the method of EG voltage stabilization we used. To improve the heat dissipation efficiency, we have developed a new cooling system, and provide its study and description in this paper. The advantages of this cooling system include the fact that EG is made with dry, uncooled rotor. This allowed eliminating additional pumps, and significantly reducing the size of CSD. According to the results of our study, we created an experimental full capacity layout, and its studies are also provided in this paper.
Working out who you are: Identity formation among fitness tourists

For several years, fitness has been a popular form of leisure activity due to people’s concern for their health and for displaying a healthy image. Recently, fitness activities have also started to permeate holidays. With point of departure in theories on consumption and identity and the increasing dedifferentiation of holiday activities, this study shows that fitness tourists use holidays mainly as an extension of their everyday lives. Certain differences between every-day and holiday consumption, however, also appear, as experimenting with new fitness activities as well as bonding with friends and getting acquainted with strangers appear to be defining aspects of fitness tourism. This underscores the usefulness of understanding identity formation in a fitness tourism context within a continuum of differentiation-dedifferentiation.
User experience model for augmented reality applications in urban heritage tourism

ABSTRACT While Augmented Reality (AR) is increasingly being implemented across a number of industry sectors, an open issue remains over the emotional as well as experiential impacts of this new technology within urban cultural heritage tourism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to create a tourist experience model for AR tourism applications in the context of urban heritage tourism. The data were collected through five focus groups with a total of 49 participants. A theoretical tourist experience model was generated using Hassenzahl’s [(2003). The thing and I: understanding the relationship between user and product. In M. A. Blythe, K. Overbeeke, A. F. Monk & P. C. Wright (Eds.), Funology (pp. 31–42). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers] model of user experience. Hassenzahl's (2003) model relies on the basic idea that product characteristics and features have an effect on the actual consequences. The data were analysed using thematic analysis in order to examine the alignment of themes according to previously identified themes from the literature as well as investigate new emergent themes from the focus groups. This study extends the theoretical aspect of the user experience model by Hassenzahl (2003) through empirical confirmation. The findings reveal that the user experience is formed by the correlation of product features and the perceptions and experiences of tourists. Due to the fact that successful implementation use cases of mobile AR applications is still limited, particularly within the tourism industry, the establishment of a comprehensive set of factors has been considered to be crucial for successful implementation.
Mass release at Jupiter: Substorm-like processes in the Jovian magnetotail

[1] The Jupiter orbiting spacecraft Galileo has provided evidence that the Jovian magnetotail is subject to a periodic process with typical timescales of several days by which the Jovian system is presumably releasing its excess iogenic mass. The mass release process resembles a terrestrial substorm in the sense of a global reconfiguration of the magnetotail. During the initial “loading” phase the plasma convection is at a moderate speed in the corotation direction and the Jovian plasma sheet appears to be in a stable configuration. In the release phase, reconnection through a thinned current sheet leads to radially inward and outward plasma flows and the ejection of plasmoids. Storage of magnetic energy in the lobe region seems not to be the prime driver of the reconfiguration process. Therefore the role of the solar wind as energy source is of less importance than for terrestrial substorms. Instead, it can be envisaged that plasma loading of fast rotating magnetic flux tubes and the associated centrifugal forces drive the reconfiguration process.
Dentition asymmetry in series of skulls from St. Mary Magdalene church in Wroclaw

The evaluation of fluctuating asymmetry of denture is essential in examining the influence of physiological stress on the state of historical populations. The aim of this paper is to establish the kind and direction of teeth asymmetry in the series of skulls from archaeological excavations. The research was conducted on 130 pairs of teeth stemming from 22 skulls (10 male and 12 female) in juvenius and adultus age and early maturus period, estimated for 16 18 century. The material comes from crypts located in St. Mary Magdalene church in Wroclaw. It has been stated that 1. There is no relation between gender and the level of fluctuating asymmetry. 2. Directional asymmetry has been observed in dimensions of three teeth of the lower jaw: canine HEALTH AND WELLNESS 2/2015 Wellness and society 186 width, first premolar and second molar depth. 3.With women, bigger teeth sizes appeared at the right side of alveolar arch. 4.Bigger tooth sizes have been proven at the left side of alveolar arch – at the crown height (81%) and at the depth dimension in 75% of the cases. The crown and dental neck width dimension have proven a high variability in relation to the direction of the asymmetry. 5. Among all of the measured teeth pairs, bigger sizes at the left side of alveolar arch have been observed in 62,5% of the cases.6. The highest average level of fluctuating asymmetry for a given tooth has been observed in second upper molar and in third molars. The lowest level of that asymmetry occurred in first molars and maxillary central incisor. 7. With men, a higher average level of asymmetry (0,056) has been observed than with women (0,046). An average level of fluctuating asymmetry is 0,049. 8. An average level of fluctuating asymmetry with people with enamel hypoplasia (0,049) is negligibly higher than with people without hypoplasia (0,041).
Leverage, Growth and Profitability as Determinants of Dividend Payout Ratio-Evidence from Indian Paper Industry

The objective of this paper is to examine the corporate dividend polity for the Indian paper industry. In this paper, we have used Lintner dividend model and its extended versions for analysis of dividen d determinate. Growth in sales, Earnings per share, Price earnings ratio, Market value to book value, Cash flow, Leverage, Liquidity and Return on assets are used as independent variables while dividend payout is th e dependent variable. The results imply that the Indian paper industry employs more leverage for narrating dividend payout ratio.