Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High‐Q Whispering‐Gallery‐Mode‐Based Plasmonic Fano Resonances in Coupled Metallic Metasurfaces at Near Infrared Frequencies

Fano resonances in metallic and dielectric structures have received much attention in recent years due to their promising applications in surface enhanced phenomena, sensing, and nonlinear optics. The lossless high refractive index dielectric structures have been shown to have ultranarrow resonances at near infrared and optical frequencies. However, it is rather challenging to realize such narrow Fano resonances using metallic nanostructures due to large optical losses in metals that cause significant broadening of the plasmonic resonances. Herein, whispering gallery mode based sharp Fano resonances are demonstrated experimentally and numerically in plasmonic nanostructures at near infrared frequencies with highest quality factor. The design here consists of conductively coupled annular and rectangular aperture arrays that support multiple Fano resonances. The sharp Fano resonances are observed for both the orthogonal polarizations of the incident electric field due to the coupling between quadrupolar resonance of the annular aperture with the dipolar and quadrupolar resonance of the rectangular aperture. The response of the plasmonic metasurface can be switched from single to multiple Fano resonances by switching the polarization of the incident radiation which is highly desirable for hyperspectral sensing and imaging. The spectral tuning of Fano resonances are further achieved by tailoring the coupling between the annular and the rectangular apertures.
DynamiTE : a 21st-century framework for concurrent component-based design

The free ride for software developers is over. In the past, computer programs have increased in performance simply by running on new hardware with ever increasing clock speeds. Now, however, this line of development has reached its end and chip designers are producing new processors, not with faster clocks, but with more cores. To take advantage of the speed increases offered by these new products, applications need to be redesigned with parallel processing firmly in mind. The problem is that mainstream designs are still inherently sequential. Concurrency tends to be an afterthought that may be useful to gain a performance boost, not an essential part of the design process. The current vogue for object-oriented designs tends to also have the side-effect of making them heavily data-oriented which doesn't scale well; each shared element of data has to be protected from simultaneous access, resulting in operations becoming sequential again. In addition, the usual methods for protecting data tend to be very low-level and error-prone. In this thesis, we introduce a new design method whereby applications are constructed from small sequential tasks connected by intercommunication primitives. Our approach is based on a two-stage process; first, the individual tasks are created as independent entities and tested with appropriate inputs, then secondly, the communication infrastructure between them is developed. We provide support for the latter via the DynamiTE framework, which allows the interactions to be defined using the terms of a process calculus. Depending on the developer's background, they can treat this as just another API, as a design pattern or as an algebraic expression which can be property checked for issues such as deadlocks. Either way, the communication layer can be developed, tested and evaluated separately from the tasks once it is known how the tasks will interface with one another. To supplement DynamiTE, we define our own process calculus, Nomadic Time, using a carefully chosen novel selection of constructs. Among the features of the calculus are the ability to perform communication both locally (one-to-one) and globally (one-to-many), and the flexibility to change the location of tasks during execution. Security is paramount to the design of Nomadic Time and migratory operations can be limited in two ways; by simple enumeration of possibilities or by the optional typing of constructs to allow restriction on a task-by-task basis. While it can't eradicate all the problems inherent in designing concurrent applications, DynamiTE can make things easier by reducing the dependency on shared resources and enhancing the reusability of concurrent components.
Electrophoretic Aspects of Blood-Serum Proteins of Apodemus mystacinus and Apodemus agrarius (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Turkey

In this study, globulin and albumin proteins of Apodemus mystacinus and Apodemus agrarius were examined using the SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) technique. In A. mystacinus, there were 7-8 bands in the globulin region and 2-3 bands in the prealbumin zone. It was determined that there were variations in both the globulin region and prealbumin zone in populations of A. mystacinus. In specimens of A. agrarius, nine bands appeared in the globulin region, and two bands were observed in the prealbumin zone. These findings showed that A. mystacinus differs from A. agrarius in respect to electrophoretic aspects of albumin and globulin proteins.
Recombinant Yellow Fever Vaccine Virus 17D Expressing Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac239 Gag Induces SIV-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses in Rhesus Macaques

ABSTRACT Here we describe a novel vaccine vector for expressing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens. We show that recombinant attenuated yellow fever vaccine virus 17D expressing simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 Gag sequences can be used as a vector to generate SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in the rhesus macaque. Priming with recombinant BCG expressing SIV antigens increased the frequency of these SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses after recombinant YF17D boosting. These recombinant YF17D-induced SIV-specific CD8+ T cells secreted several cytokines, were largely effector memory T cells, and suppressed viral replication in CD4+ T cells.
A Software Suite for the Generation and Comparison of Peptide Arrays from Sets of Data Collected by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry*S

There is an increasing interest in the quantitative proteomic measurement of the protein contents of substantially similar biological samples, e.g. for the analysis of cellular response to perturbations over time or for the discovery of protein biomarkers from clinical samples. Technical limitations of current proteomic platforms such as limited reproducibility and low throughput make this a challenging task. A new LC-MS-based platform is able to generate complex peptide patterns from the analysis of proteolyzed protein samples at high throughput and represents a promising approach for quantitative proteomics. A crucial component of the LC-MS approach is the accurate evaluation of the abundance of detected peptides over many samples and the identification of peptide features that can stratify samples with respect to their genetic, physiological, or environmental origins. We present here a new software suite, SpecArray, that generates a peptide versus sample array from a set of LC-MS data. A peptide array stores the relative abundance of thousands of peptide features in many samples and is in a format identical to that of a gene expression microarray. A peptide array can be subjected to an unsupervised clustering analysis to stratify samples or to a discriminant analysis to identify discriminatory peptide features. We applied the SpecArray to analyze two sets of LC-MS data: one was from four repeat LC-MS analyses of the same glycopeptide sample, and another was from LC-MS analysis of serum samples of five male and five female mice. We demonstrate through these two study cases that the SpecArray software suite can serve as an effective software platform in the LC-MS approach for quantitative proteomics.
Delay constraint multipath routing for wireless multimedia ad hoc networks

According to the disadvantages of real time and continuity for multimedia services in ad hoc networks, a delay constraint multipath routing protocol for wireless multimedia ad hoc networks, which can satisfy quality of service (QoS) requirement (QoS multipath optimized link state routing [MOLSR]), is proposed. The protocol firstly detects and analyzes the link delay among the nodes and collects the delay information as the routing metric by HELLO message and topology control message. Then, through using the improved multipath Dijkstra algorithm for path selection, the protocol can gain the minimum delay path from the source node to the other nodes. Finally, when the route is launched, several node‐disjoint or link‐disjoint multipaths will be built through the route computation. The simulation and test results show that QoS‐MOLSR is suitable for large and dense networks with heavy traffic. It can improve the real time and reliability for multimedia transmission in wireless multimedia ad hoc networks. The average end‐to‐end delay of QoS‐MOLSR is four times less than the optimized link state routing. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mouse orthotopic lung cancer model induced by PC14PE6.

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to investigate in detail the xenograft mouse orthotopic lung cancer model induced by PC14PE6 adenocarcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three cell doses (0.5x10(6); 1x10(6); 2x10(6)) of PC14PE6 cells were injected into the lungs of male BALB/c nude mice by the intrathoracic injection method. The lung and other organs, including brain, liver, spleen, kidney, muscle, adrenal gland, and lymph node on knee, were removed and stained with H/E to detect the presence of tumor cells. RESULTS The reliable tumorigenicity time in the PC14PE6 adenocarcinoma cell-inoculated BALB/c nude mouse was 10 days after intrathoracic injection. The average life span of the three groups after inoculation was 14 days in the 2x10(6) cells inoculum group; 25 days in the 1x10(6) cells inoculum group; and 32 days in the 0.5x10(6) cells inoculum group. The PC14PE6 adenocarcinoma cells induced orthotopic lung cancer limited within the thorax. CONCLUSIONS This orthotopic lung cancer model is an efficient cancer model with easy inoculation methods, rapid and high tumorigenicity, and simple monitoring methods for metastasis.
Rapid growth of parallel fibers in the cerebella of normal and Staggerer mutant mice

The growth of cerebellar granule cell axons was examined by placing focal implants of 1,1′,dioctadecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethyl‐indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) in the cerebella of normal and staggerer mutant mice at a series of developmental ages between postnatal day 2 (P2) and P30. Parallel fibers contacting the implant site were brightly labeled by the fluorescent dye, as were the associated granule cell bodies located principally in the internal granule layer. The extent of parallel fiber labeling in the molecular layer and the distance from the implant to the most extreme labeled granule cells were measured in sectioned material. Two additional measures describing the distribution of labeled granule cells about the implant site suggest length bounds for most parallel fibers. Parallel fiber growth is surprisingly rapid; all measures approached peak values at P3–P5, only a few days after the earliest postmitotic granule cells differentiate and migrate. At intermediate ages (P8 and P10), parallel fiber lengths appeared to decrease transiently. At later ages (P15 and beyond), the measures of fiber length increased to their mature values. These values differed little from lengths measured at P3–P5, suggesting that most parallel fiber growth occurs within a few days of cell birth. At early and intermediate ages, parallel fiber lengths in staggerer mice were comparable to controls, suggesting that an interaction with normal healthy Purkinje cells is not essential for parallel fiber outgrowth. J. Comp. Neurol. 389:642–654, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Buried amorphous layers by electronic excitation in ion-beam irradiated lithium niobate: Structure and kinetics

The formation of buried heavily damaged and amorphous layers by a variety of swift-ion irradiations (F at 22MeV, O at 20MeV, and Mg at 28MeV) on congruent LiNbO3 has been investigated. These irradiations assure that the electronic stopping power Se(z) is dominant over the nuclear stopping Sn(z) and reaches a maximum value inside the crystal. The structural profile of the irradiated layers has been characterized in detail by a variety of spectroscopic techniques including dark-mode propagation, micro-Raman scattering, second-harmonic generation, and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy∕channeling. The growth of the damage on increasing irradiation fluence presents two differentiated stages with an abrupt structural transition between them. The heavily damaged layer reached as a final stage is optically isotropic (refractive index n=2.10, independent of bombarding ion) and has an amorphous structure. Moreover, it has sharp profiles and its thickness progressively increases with irradiation fluence. The dy.
Sun exposure and large numbers of common and atypical melanocytic naevi: an analytical study in a southern European population

The study analysed the relationship between high counts of common naevi and numbers of atypical naevi (AN) in sites differing in exposure to the sun. A series of 90 subjects with 100 or more common naevi (cases) and 92 controls was investigated by means of a case‐control study. A striking association between high numbers of common naevi and prevalence of AN (whole body) was found. The adjustment for phenotype and phototype did not obscure this association. Similar findings were obtained after exclusion of subjects with familiarity for melanoma. Cases had more AN than controls in all the body sites, except for the buttocks, where sun exposure can be considered minimal or absent: in this site, an excess of common naevi but not of AN was found. The present study suggests that subjects with high common naevi counts show a higher prevalence of AN independently of their complexion, sunburn history and family history of melanoma. Phenotypic expression of AN seems to be enhanced by direct sun exposure.
Modeling and Optimal Control of Human-Like Running

Designing and controlling an anthropomorphic mechatronic system that is able to perform a dynamic running motion is a challenging task. One difficulty is that the fundamental principles of natural human running motions are not yet fully understood. The purpose of this paper is to show that mathematical optimization is a helpful tool to gain this insight into fast and complex motions. We present physics-based running motions for complex models of human-like running in three dimensions that have been generated by optimization. Running is modeled as a multiphase periodic motion with discontinuities, based on multibody system models of the locomotor system with actuators and spring-damper elements at each joint. The problem of generating gaits is formulated as offline optimal control problem and solved by an efficient direct multiple shooting method. We present optimization results using energy-related criteria and show that they have a close resemblance to running motions of humans. The results provide information about the internal forces and torques required to produce natural human running, as well as on the resulting kinematics.
Forest Stand Segmentation Using Airborne LIDAR Data and Very High Resolution Multispectral Imagery

Abstract. Forest stands are the basic units for forest inventory and mapping. Stands are large forested areas (e.g., ≥ 2 ha) of homogeneous tree species composition. The accurate delineation of forest stands is usually performed by visual analysis of human operators on very high resolution (VHR) optical images. This work is highly time consuming and should be automated for scalability purposes. In this paper, a method based on the fusion of airborne laser scanning data (or lidar) and very high resolution multispectral imagery for automatic forest stand delineation and forest land-cover database update is proposed. The multispectral images give access to the tree species whereas 3D lidar point clouds provide geometric information on the trees. Therefore, multi-modal features are computed, both at pixel and object levels. The objects are individual trees extracted from lidar data. A supervised classification is performed at the object level on the computed features in order to coarsely discriminate the existing tree species in the area of interest. The analysis at tree level is particularly relevant since it significantly improves the tree species classification. A probability map is generated through the tree species classification and inserted with the pixel-based features map in an energetical framework. The proposed energy is then minimized using a standard graph-cut method (namely QPBO with α-expansion) in order to produce a segmentation map with a controlled level of details. Comparison with an existing forest land cover database shows that our method provides satisfactory results both in terms of stand labelling and delineation (matching ranges between 94% and 99%).
Expression patterns of mRNAs for the gap junction proteins connexin43 and connexin42 suggest their involvement in chick limb morphogenesis and specification of the arterial vasculature

Gap junctions which comprise a family of proteins called connexins have been implicated in the morphogenesis of the chick limb bud. We have examined the expression patterns of two members of the connexin family, connexin43 (Cx43) and connexin42 (Cx42), during the early development of the chick limb bud and embryo by in situ hybridization. Cx43 mRNA is expressed in high amounts in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER), which promotes the outgrowth of the mesodermal cells of the limb bud, and in the ectopic AER of the limb buds of polydactylous diplopodia‐5 mutant embryos. In contrast, little Cx43 expression is detectable in nonridge limb ectoderm at early stages of limb development. These results suggest that Cx43 gap junctions may integrate the activity of the cells comprising the AER and compartmentalize them into a functionally distinct entity capable of directing limb outgrowth. In addition, Cx43 exhibits high expression in the posterior subridge mesoderm of the early limb bud that is growing out in response to the AER, but little expression in the anterior mesoderm. This graded distribution of Cx43 transcripts correlates with a functional gradient of gap junctional communication along the anteroposterior (AP) axis, and suggests that Cx43 gap junctions may be involved in pattern formation across the AP axis. At later stages of development, Cx43 is transiently expressed in high amounts in the precartilage condensations of the carpals and metacarpals, at a time when critical cell‐cell interactions are occurring that trigger cartilage differentiation. In contrast, in the developing limb, Cx42 is expressed exclusively by the central artery. In the remainder of the chick embryo, Cx42 is expressed in high amounts by the vessels comprising the arterial vasculature, but is not expressed by the venous vasculature. Thus, Cx42 gap junctions may be involved in specification of the arterial vasculature of the limb and embryo. Cx42, but not Cx43, is expressed in the ventricle of the heart, and by cells along the intrasclerotomal fissure that separates the rostral and caudal halves of the sclerotome of somites into distinct communication compartments. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemical composition, insecticidal and insect repellent activity of Schinus molle L. leaf and fruit essential oils against Trogoderma granarium and Tribolium castaneum

Fruit and leaf essential oils of Schinus molle showed insect repellent and insecticidal activity against Trogoderma granarium and Tribolium castaneum. In these oils, 65 components were identified by GC-MS analysis. Hydrocarbons dominated the oil composition with monoterpenes occurring in the largest amounts in fruits and leaves, 80.43 and 74.84%, respectively. p-Cymene was identified as a major component in both oils. The high yield and efficacy of S. molle essential oil against T. granarium and T. castaneum suggest that it may provide leads for active insecticidal agents.
Is there still a role for mitomycin-based combination chemotherapy in treating patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer? A single institution experience

Background: Mitomycin and irinotecan are widely used in the treatment of colorectal cancer, furthermore both of these drugs are active agents against nonsmall cell lung cancer and their combination has shown synergism in preclinical studies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitomycin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy combination in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer progressing after previous antineoplastic therapies. Methods: Thirty-one consecutive patients suffering from nonsmall cell lung cancer, who underwent mitomycin- plus irinotecan-based chemotherapy as salvage treatment after failure of at least two previous systemic treatments, were retrospectively identified in our database. Between September 2003 and March 2011, 31 patients with histologically proven stage IIIB or IV nonsmall cell lung cancer, received mitomycin 5 mg/m2 on day 1 followed by irinotecan 150 mg/m2 on day 2. Cycles were repeated at 2-week interval. Results: A total of 164 cycles of treatment were given with a median of five per patient (range 1–10). The objective responses included partial response in 6 patients (19.3%), stable disease in 4 (13%), and progressive disease in 21 (67.7%). Median time to disease progression was 4 months, and median survival was 9+ months. Twelve patients (38%) reached 1-year survival. Grade 3–4 toxicities occurred in seven patients (22.5%), mainly myelosuppression (neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia), mucositis, and diarrhea. No treatment-related death was recorded. Conclusion: The mitomycin- and irinotecan-based combination chemotherapy seems to be tolerated and active in this subset of heavily pretreated patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. However, evaluation or recruitment of a larger number of patients would be needed to provide more adequate data on safety and activity of the described combination.
Towards Principles for Ontology Integration

Resolving conflicts based on ambiguities in the public vocabulary is one of the challenges in semantic integration. Though different suggestions for resolving (ambiguity) conflicts with semantic integration operators exist, there is still a need for clear formalizations of adequacy criteria for the operators. In this article, adequacy criteria for semantic integration similar to rationality postulates of classical belief revision but adjusted to the semantic integration scenario are formalized. The criteria are intended to capture integration settings in which the integration candidates are well developed ontologies with a shared public vocabulary. In such cases, both ontologies have to be preserved in some form in the integration result and have to be recoverable from the integration result. Additionally, the integration result has to be consistent and provide connections between the integrated ontologies. The criteria are applied by evaluating a small collection of integration operators that solve conflicts deriving from ambiguities in the public vocabulary.