Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Jaw Musculature of the Picini (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae)

The Picini tribe comprises 25 Old World woodpecker species grouped into seven genera that are widely distributed in Asia and include several representatives from the Eurasian region. Given the absence of detailed anatomical studies of Picini in the literature, the purposes of this study were to describe the jaw musculature of 14 species of Picini in detail and to compare the musculature patterns of these species. The results of this analysis indicate the following: (1) there is a clear association between the ventralis lateralis and dorsalis lateralis muscles through fleshy fibers that are connected in all species, (2) the jaw musculature of the genus Picus differs from that of other Picini genera in terms of the poor development of the protractor muscle system of the quadrate (M. protractor quadrati and M. protractor pterygoidei), (3) generally, the M. pseudotemporalis superficialis originates in the ventrocaudal region of the laterosphenoid (the lower part of the orbit), with the only noteworthy exception being an origin in the upper part of the orbit in Dinopium javanense, and (4) the protractor pterygoidei muscle is more developed in Blythipicus rubiginosus, Dinopium rafflesii, and D. javanense than in the other species.
Connectivity among fragmented populations of a habitat-forming alga, Phyllospora comosa (Phaeophyceae, Fucales) on an urbanised coast

Despite a growing body of knowledge on the ecological consequences of loss and frag- mentation of habitat-forming macroalgae, little is known about the genetic implications of such losses. Here, we investigate the genetic consequences of fragmentation caused by the loss of the habitat-forming macroalga Phyllospora comosa from 70 km of urbanised coastline in Sydney, Aus- tralia. Contrary to predictions, there appeared to be substantial connectivity among fragmented pop- ulations, although spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that this may be an artifact of allele size homoplasy beyond scales of ~80 km. Genetic differentiation was not related to geographic separation of populations. This may be explained by the nature of prevailing currents (East Australian Current) that promote nonlinear dispersal in 'leaps', sourcing propagules from one area and depositing them via eddies that either come ashore or disperse. Populations that were tens of kilometers apart were often genetically different, which was likely due to barriers to dispersal, such as sandy beaches and mouths of estuaries, or rapid fertilization and recruitment of zygotes on small spatial scales. Our research provides a basis for designing a rehabilitation program for populations of Phyllospora comosa, with appropriate consideration of genetic diversity and structure.
How Consumers Are Affected by the Framing of Attribute Information Before and After Consuming the Product

Consumers rated several qualitative attributes of ground beef that framed the beef as either “75% lean” or “25% fat. ” The consumers' evaluations were more favorable toward the beef labeled “75% lean” than that labeled “25% fat. ” More importantly, the magnitude of this information framing effect lessened when consumers actually tasted the meat. We discuss these results in terms of an averaging model, which suggests that a diagnostic product experience dilutes the impact of information framing.
Performance Marketing Model through Acculturation Innovation and Market Orientation in the Bakery Industry

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have their own superiority in which they pervade not only in terms of human resources, but also in their role in national economic development. The aim of this study is to develop acculturation innovation and competing superiority for increasing the marketing development of the bakery business actors in Central Java. This study’s sample consists of 161 respondents who are bakery business owners from Central Java. By using the purposive sampling technique, several criteria were considered for the SMEs representatives from the bakery industry sample, such as the SMEs must be certified at Disperindag, have at least one employee, and invest at least IDR 1.000. 000,- . The analyzing method that is used in this study is SEM. The result of the study shows the market orientation with specific dimensions, such as gaining information about the customers’ needs, competitors’ powers, and functions’ coordination affected competitors’ superiority, and acculturation innovation. While it comes to some dimensions such as changes in culture-based products, culture-based price’ changing, culture-based packaging, and production processes, competing superiority is affected.
Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Scalpelliformes), an intertidal barnacle from the Cape Verde Islands

Recently, genetic evidence supported the existence of a new species of the genus Pollicipes from the Cape Verde Islands, previously considered a population of P. pollicipes. However, P. pollicipes was not sampled at its southern limit of distribution (Dakar, Senegal), which is geographically separated from the Cape Verde Islands by about 500 km. Herein we describe Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. from the Cape Verde Islands and compare its morphology with the other three species of Pollicipes: P. pollicipes, P. elegans and P. polymerus. Pollicipes pollicipes was sampled at both the middle (Portugal) and southern limit (Dakar, Senegal) of its geographical distribution. The genetic divergence among and within these two regions and Cape Verde was calculated through the analysis of partial mtDNA CO1 gene sequences. Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. has a single whorl of capitular plates below the subrostrum, peduncular scales pointing up toward the capitulum and multi-articulate caudal appendages (all characters shared with P. pollicipes and P. elegans), reddish-orange capitular plates (large specimens), a single rostral median latus between the median latus and the rostrolatus (both characters shared with P. elegans), and uniquely possesses peduncular scales that are approximately the same width as height. The genetic distance between the Cape Verde population and the Senegal and Portugal populations is 13–14%, whilst between Senegal and Portugal it is < 1%.
PS-II-2 PROBLEMS IN ESTIMATION OF BREEDING VALUES

Apart from designing a breeding programme the estimation of breeding values is one of the most central tasks in any breeding scheme, and it is a task which comes up repeatedlyThere are of course many problems and only a few can be dealt with in this paper. The reader interested in more general reviews may consult the papers by HENDERSON (1972, 1975) and THOMPSON (1979). To indicate the scope of this paper I will narrow my discussion to. one trait only, discussion usually being centered around BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) and the discussion of most points being motivated by problems arising in dairy cattle breeding. Usually I tried to ask simple questions which often arise in a disguised manner in practical application. By asking simple questions the problem can often be reduced to the most simple and fundamental form, but there is the danger that looking at one factor in isolation will not give the correct picture due to interaction. In dealing with statistical problems of estimating breeding va­ lues one can accept the given design and try to find the appropriate statistical technique no matter how complicated it may be or else one can try to work in both directions, appropriately modifying the breeding design and then finding the appropriate statistical techni­ que. In using the second approach quite often simpler methods will be adequate for the purpose. For a practical breeder quite a large fraction of the current literature on estimation of breeding values might seem too sophisti­ cated taking into account the rough nature of the data and of the operation in the field. But here I contend that an exact analysis can indicate far better where there are critical and sensitive areas in the operation and where on the other hand simplifications will be possible with little or no costs.
Psychosocial Skills in a Youth Soccer Academy: A Holistic Ecological Perspective

Psychosocial Skills in a Youth Soccer Academy: A Holistic Ecological Perspective Objectives: The latest research in talent development show that more varied psychological and especially social and cultural circumstances play an important role in talent development. This study assumes an ecological approach to explore which psychosocial skills are important in a youth soccer academy and how psychosocial skills are practiced in this particular environment. Method: The research takes the form of a case study. Data were collected from multiple perspectives (in-depth interviews with managers, coaches and players), from multiple situations (observation of training, competitions and meetings) and from the analysis of documents. Results: The findings reveal explicit (being practiced and talked about) and implicit (indirectly practiced and talked about) psychosocial skills in the youth soccer academy and a differentiation between internal and interpersonal psychosocial skills. Conclusions: Important explicit psychosocial skills are motivation, self awareness and the ability to work hard. However, even more important for the young soccer players dealing with the transition to professional soccer seem to be implicit psychosocial skills such as managing performance and process outcomes (internal) and the ability to utilize team skills and general social skills (interpersonal). Despite the fact that the environment expects the young players to display these skills, they are only indirectly practiced. This study demonstrates the interweaving of psychosocial skills and practice in the talent development environment, and thus underlines the social construction of psychosocial skills in elite sport.
Effect of different housing systems on production and blood profile of slow-growing broilers.

Present study was conducted to investigate the effects of deep litter system, free-range with fixed housing system and free-range with portable housing system in wheat stubble on performance, internal organ weights, blood parameters and tonic immobility of slow-growing broilers. A total of 270 Hubbard Isa Red-JA chicks were used in experiments. The experiment lasted for 61 days. Results showed that the body weight on 21st, 28th, 35th and 42th days of birds from free-range with portable housing system was significantly lower than of those kept in deep litter and free range with fixed housing system. The viability of broilers in free-range with portable housing system was lower than broilers in free-range with fixed housing and deep litter system in the days of 14-42 and 14-61, while there were not any differences between housing systems in days of 43-61. Housing systems had no significant effect on feed conversion ratio and internal organ weight. There were no significant differences in tonic immobility durations of housing systems and some blood parameters, except hematocrit values. In conclusion, the body weight in freerange with portable housing system was significantly lower until 42nd day of the experiment, but this difference was disappeared during the rest of rearing period. It could be concluded that rural producer can be involved in broiler production after wheat harvesting.
Authors and Contributors

This curriculum was made possible by “Collaborations to Understand Research and Ethics” (CURE), supported by the National Center for Research Resources and the Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives of the National Institutes of Health through Grant #R25OD011138. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH, or NWABR’s consultants or advisory board members.
Smart Cylindrical Dome Antenna Based on Active Frequency Selective Surface

In this paper, we proposed a beamforming antenna, which is realized using an omnidirectional antenna in the center surrounded by a cylindrical smart dome. The smart dome is made of 16 active frequency selective surface columns of which the amplitude and phase response can be continuously tuned by varying the bias voltages of the employed varactors. Thus, the performance of the proposed antenna could achieve higher gain, better nulling level, and more agility than many switch methods-based cylindrical reconfigurable antennas. Moreover, in order to overcome the unavailable analytical synthesis caused by complex mutual coupling between columns, we develop a genetic algorithm based optimization system and conducted a serial of experiments to evaluate the high-gain, nulling, continuously steering, and frequency-invariant ability. The results show that, during the frequency tunable range of the AFSS (2.0 GHz to 2.7 GHz), the antenna can offer an additional gain of up to 6.57 dB and nulling level of −56.41 dBi. For the high-gain modes, the −3 dB beam widths are 26°–34°, which offers enhanced angular resolution compared with other reported beam-sweeping work. Furthermore, the radiation pattern is continuously steerable.
Phenol extract Methanol extract Aqueous extract Aqueous extract with PVPP Standard 1 Standard 2 Contr ol 1 Control 2

1 Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry and Molecular, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Gueliz (FSTG), Cadi Ayyad University, 40 000 Marrakech, Morocco. 2 Laboratory of Biotechnology Valorisation and Protection of Agro-Resources, FSTG, Guéliz, Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, 40 000 Marrakech, Morocco. 3 Laboratory of Food Science, Research unit: Nutrition and health, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40 000 Marrakech, Morocco.
There's Still Madness in the Method: Testing for Food Market Integration Revisited

Food market integration, a situation in which arbitrage causes food prices in different markets to move together, is a precondition for the effectiveness of the market liberalisation programmes being implemented in many developing countries. Yet the standard econometric procedures which food price analysts use to test for the presence of market integration are both theoretically and statistically flawed. This article evaluates the statistical performance of four commonly used econometric tests for market integration: the Law of One Price, the Ravallion Model, cointegration and Granger causality. A simulation model, which mimics many characteristics of developing country food markets, is used to generate artificial food price time series for both integrated and independent markets. Monte Carlo experiments using these food price series show that all four of the conventional tests for market integration are statistically flawed. * The author would like to thank Simon Maxwell and Adrian Wood for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. The usual disclaimer applies.
LIFE LOG PLATFORM FOR CONTINUOUS AND DISCRETE RECORDING AND RETRIEVAL OF PERSONAL MEDIA(International Workshop on Advanced Image Technology 2007)

In this paper, we propose an e‐cient life log platform to record and retrieve personal media experiences. An integration of desktop experiences from MyLifeBits and real life experiences from our life log system is operated in a personal computer. MyLifeBits project is one of the successful researches and we also have been developing a life log system. MyLifeBits provides an excellent database framework, but it seems mainly concerned about desktop activities using personal computers. Although SenseCam, a wearable camera which is one of the MyLifeBits project components, it can capture only still images being triggered by environmental change to represent personal discrete experiences. In order to achieve an idealistic Memex vision, we have been developing a life log system aiming at capture and analysis of continuous video using wearable computers in conjunction with various wearable sensors. In this paper, we present our life log platform for recording and retrieval of personal media in real life experiences by the life log system, SenseCam and MyLifeBits. We summarize our life log functionalities, an integration function with SenseCam for discrete experiences and MyLifeBits for an e‐cient database system.
Ideologues: Explaining Partisanship and Persistence in Politics (and Elsewhere)

This paper provides an explanation for why political leaders may want to adopt ideological positions and maintain them over time even in the face of conflicting evidence. We study a dynamic framework in which politicians are better informed than the voting public about an underlying state of nature that determines the desirability of a given policy measure. The issue itself is non-partisan (everybody has the same policy preferences) but voters attach ideological labels to both candidates and available policy alternatives. We show that both sides may be caught in an ideology trap: because voters expect the perceived ideology of office holders to determine their political actions, politicians are tempted to act according to their perceived ideology, resulting in political failure.
Ontology Based Aspect Oriented Opinion Summary Methodology

Enterprises selling over the web generally request feedbacks from customers on their purchased products/services. Thanks to e-commerce in an increasingly developing structure, the number of customer feedbacks grows rapidly. Due to the great increase in the number of ecommerce enterprises and customers, it becomes difficult for a potential customer to read these feedbacks while making decisions. It becomes almost impossible for the producer to monitor these feedbacks as well. Product feature extraction from customer reviews is an important operation in opinion mining. The extracted features help to assess the opinions written by customers who have purchased specific products and they provide opinions of customers regarding their positive/negative experiences. Because most of the customer reviews are asyntactic plain texts, methods should be developed for extraction of implicit and explicit product features expressed in customer reviews and comments. In this research, we aim to develop a methodology that examines the opinions, thoughts and comments, written in Turkish, about the products and summarizes the features of the products and the emotional processes related to these properties. Our study differs from others in that product characteristics expressed using synonyms or word groups can be identified, and features can be detected with greater accuracy using ontologies that include product specifications. Our study offers successful results in product feature extraction. Experimental work on opinion/idea/comment for some products on e-commerce sites shows that our methodology yields positive results. Keywords-text mining; sentiment classification; review summarizing; synonym word group; ontology;
Advancement in Conceptualizing Cross-Border Daily Mobility: the Benelux Context in the European Union

Based on specific characteristics of mobility, the cross-border commuter status still has some ambiguities, whether in legal, geographic, economic or more generally in social or cultural terms. This paper aims at providing theoretical advancement to this specific cross-border mobility, especially through the transfer of a theoretical model using a cross-scale analysis based on two complementary concepts. The first corresponds to ‘border confirming’ and is measured at the macro level, including the economic differentials on both sides of the border. The second concept is called ‘border transcending’ and focuses on the individual level. It is based on the assessment of the psychosocial barriers that may fade as the daily practices of the border rise. This exploratory approach is tested within the European context of Benelux. The results, although they cannot be generalised due to a lack of comparable data, offer research perspectives. So far, the existence of a cross-border catchment area, tested on the Belgian cross-border commuters working in Luxembourg, is a reality for many.
Development and Assessment of a Single Tube Internally Controlled Multiplex PCR Assay to Detect Different Pathogenic Bacteria Involved in Blood Stream Infections

Background: Bloodstream infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Delayed etiological diagnosis and inadequate antimicrobial therapy are associated with treatment failures. Objectives: This study describes the development and assessment of a new multiplex PCR that includes an Internal Control (IC) for the assurance of the whole workflow from the extraction of the DNA until the revelation of the amplicons. Materials and Methods: A unique sequence was chosen for each pathogen and used for primer design. Primers for amplification of Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus spp, Staphylococcus spp, Acinetobacterbaumanii and IC were designed and tested for sensitivity and specificity on the basis of their standard strains. Results: The multiplex PCR showed a sensitivity ranging from 1 to 100 target copies per reaction or 50 to 100 colony forming unit (CFU) per ml to the whole blood depending on the bacterial species. The specificity of this method was elevated and no false positive amplification was identified for 17 different species other than the target microorganisms. Moreover, the detection of the IC was observed in the concentration as low as 1 copy per reaction. The correct co-amplification of IC for each single bacterial species showed a correct whole workflow procedure starting from the extraction step. Conclusion: This new assay permits a rapid and accurate detection of some pathogenic microorganisms, that are among the most commonly detected ones in blood stream infections in Iran, with a simple and cost-effective method which includes the use of an internal control to validate the whole procedure thus avoiding false negative results.
Reduce, Reuse or Recycle? Household Decisions over Waste Prevention and Recycling

Households have choices when it comes to reducing waste sent to landfills: reduction of consumption or packaging, reuse of goods purchased, or recycling. In this paper, we adopt a holistic approach to the analysis of these choices as separate but related facets of households' waste management behaviour. Theoretically, households produce waste as a by-product of their consumption and must then deal with it either by curbside disposal or by recycling. To the extent that managing additional waste is costly even if only in terms of time, households may also engage in waste prevention, that is, produce less waste by reducing their consumption level and/or changing their consumption patterns in favour of less waste-intensive products. As curbside disposal, waste prevention and recycling relate to the same problem and are linked via several constraints, we employ a three-equation mixed process estimation strategy which allows for the error terms of the three equations to be correlated. For the study, we rely on an original data set that permits de ning waste prevention comprehensively from a list of 19 waste prevention activities, that provides for a more balanced policy representation (in terms of presence versus absence of unit pricing), and that covers a wide range of attitudinal elements, values, and norms. Given the richness of the data set, we also examine individuals' decisions over recyclable items that carry a refundable deposit in terms of both purchasing and returning habits, with particular attention to the interaction between a refundable deposit system and unit pricing.