Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF TRACHEOSTOMY IN REDUCING MORTALITY FROM KALA PATHAR (PARAPHENYLENE DIAMINE) POISONING

Background: Kala Pathar poisoning has become an important cause of morbidity and mortality in our community. Because of lack of an effective antidote in this poisoning, treatment is presently focused mainly on relief of symptoms. Oedema of the upper airway is an important presentation of this condition. The aim of this study was to know whether tracheostomy can improve the situation in this fatal emergency. Material & Methods: Thirty-eight patients were studied over a period of about 2 years in a cross sectional study conducted in District Headquarter Teaching Hospital, Dera Ismail Khan. Relevant information, including symptoms signs and complications, were recorded and patients were divided into two groups depending upon whether they were subjected to tracheostomy or not. Results: Out of 38 patients 36(94.74%) were female and 2(5.26%) were male. Twenty-seven (71.1%) were unmarried and the same number i.e. 27(71.1%) of patients was from low socioeconomic class. Majority of the patients 23(60.5%) were from rural areas and in 36(94.74%) the poisoning was suicidal. Out of 38 patients 29 underwent tracheostomy and 10(34.48%) died despite this procedure. In the remaining 9 patients without tracheostomy 5(55.55%) patients died. Conclusion: Oedema of the throat and larynx is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Kala Pathar poisoning and tracheostomy is having statistically significant role in improving the outcome.
Award Number : DAMD 1797-1-7011 TITLE : Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ( BDNF ) and Traumatic Brain Injury ( Head and Spinal ) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR :

Previous studies have suggested that the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) are neuroprotective or neurotrophic for certain subpopulations of hippocampal neurons following various brain insults. In the present study, the expression of BDNF and NT-3 mRNAs in rat hippocampus was examined after traumatic brain injury. Following lateral fluid percussion (FP) brain injury of moderate severity (2.0-2.1 atm) or sham injury, the hippocampi from adult rats were processed for the in situ hybridization localization of BDNF and NT-3 mRNAs using S-labeled cRNA probes at post-injury survival times of 1, 3, 6, 24 and 72 h. Unilateral FP injury markedly increased hybridization for BDNF mRNA in the dentate gyrus bilaterally which peaked at 3 h and remained above control levels for up to 72 h post-injury. A moderate increase in BDNF mRNA expression was also observed bilaterally in the CA3 region of the hippocampus at 1, 3, and 6 h after FP injury, but expression declined to control levels by 24 h. Conversely, NT-3 mRNA was significantly decreased in the dentate gyrus following FP injury at the 6 and 24 h survival times. These results demonstrate that FP brain injury differentially modulates expression of BDNF and NT-3 mRNAs in the hippocampus, and suggest that neurotrophin plasticity is a functional response of hippocampal neurons to brain trauma. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
A Peroxidase from Lepista

(e.g. Handelman et al., 1991; Beatriz et al., 1993), however, surprisingly few data have become available on the biotic carotenoid degradation by microorganisms. Lutein from marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta) was degraded by mixed cultures of Geotrichum sp. and Bacillus sp. (Sanchez-Contreras et al., 2000) and a cellular, membrane-bound unstable carotene dioxygenase from the cyanobacterium Microcystis cleaved β,β-carotene into two molecules, β-cyclocitral (C10) and crocetindial (C20) (Jüttner et al., 1985). In a recent study, more than 50 filamentous fungi and yeasts, known for de novo synthesis or biotransformation of mono-, sesqui-, tri-, or tetraterpenes, were screened for their capability to degrade β,βcarotene. With the basidiomycetous fungus Marasmius scorodonius effective cleavage of β,β-carotene was observed, and the responsible enzyme was partially characterized (Zorn et al., 2003). There is an enormous interest of the detergent, food and perfume industry in carotenoid breakdown products, as they often represent highly potent aroma compounds (Winterhalter and Rouseff, 2002). Among the cleavage products, the so-called norisoprenoids, the C13-cleavage products are of particular interest. Prominent examples are the flowery smelling β-ionone and β-damascenone, featuring threshold values of 0.007 and 0.009 μg l– 1 (in water), respectively. As the occurrence of norisoprenoids in natural sources is restricted to trace amounts and their extraction turned out to be laborious and costly, biotechnological processes have been aspired. The co-oxidation of carotenoids, using mainly lipoxygenase or xanthine oxidase systems, was intensely investigated. Thereby carotenoids are oxidized by free radical species generated from another substrate by enzymatic reactions (e.g. Wu and Robinson, 1999; Wache et al., 2002). Here we report on the direct cleavage of β,β-carotene to flavor compounds by a novel L. irina versatile peroxidase, proving the participation of extracellular enzymes of white rot fungi in natural carotenoid degradation processes.
Detecting the magnitude of depression in Twitter users using sentiment analysis

Today the different social networking sites have enabled everyone to easily express and share their feelings with people around the world. A lot of people use text for communicating, which can be done through different social media messaging platforms available today such as Twitter, Facebook etc, as they ﬁnd it easier to express their feelings through text instead of speaking them out. Many people who also suffer from stress ﬁnd it easier to express their feelings on online platform, as over there they can express themselves very easily. So if they are alerted beforehand, there are ways to overcome the mental problems and stress they are suffering from. Depression stands out to be one of the most well known mental health disorders and a major issue for medical and mental health practitioners. Legitimate checking can help in its discovery, which could be useful to anticipate and prevent depression all-together.Hence there is a need for a system, which can cater to such issues and help the user. The purpose of this paper is to propose an efﬁcient method that can detect the level of depression in Twitter users. Sentiment scores calculated can be combined with different emotions to provide a better method to calculate depression scores. This process will help underscore various aspects of depression that have not been understood previously. The main aim is to provide a sense of understanding regarding depression levels in different users and how the scores can be correlated to the main data.
Colour change in traumatised anterior permanent teeth. A prospective cohort observational study

Background: There is limited information about colour change following traumatic dental injuries (TDI), and any variable associated with discolouration. It is now increasingly recognised that children’s perception and satisfaction are important and may provide an insight into the psychosocial impact of their oral health and their wider quality of life. Therefore, research to quantify colour change with time following TDI and the patient’s perception is important. This study was designed to identify any association between clinical variables and discolouration following TDI. Aim: To investigate the change in colour of permanent teeth following TDI in children. To explore what variables are associated with discolouration. To examine methods of measuring colour change including IKAM system (objective measure), the use of a shade guide (clinical pseudo objective measure), patient’s perception (patient reported measure) and to evaluate the agreement between these three methodologies. Method: Children following TDI were invited to participate in an observational prospective cohort. Colour change was measured using patients’ perception, investigator’s perception (using a shade guide) and an objective digital system (IKAM). Measurements were taken at baseline, 3 months and 6 months following the TDI with IKAM providing objective CIELAB colour scores. Results: Thirty-nine children, with 73 traumatised teeth, completed the study. Twenty-six children attended two follow-up reviews comprising 52 teeth, and thirteen children attended for one follow-up visit only with 21 teeth. A heterogenous sample of TDI was recruited including various types of hard tissue injuries and periodontal injuries with variable pulpal survival and periodontal healing outcomes. At the last review (n=73 teeth) the objective overall colour change was ΔE 5.45 (SD +/- 2.80) with a mean change in ΔL* 0.74 (lighter), Δa* 0.69 (redder) and Δb* 1.73 (yellower). There was little consistency between patients reported colour change and that recorded by the investigator using a shade guide. There was no significant difference in ΔE values as measured by IKAM in comparison with the patients’ or investigator’s perception. Conclusions: Following TDI, there was an observable colour change identified by an objective measure, IKAM. On average, teeth got predominantly yellow and to a lesser extent lighter and redder. Patients and investigator measures were inconsistent when compared to the objective measure (IKAM). No variables were identified to be associated with colour change. However several variables came to significance (p<0.05). These variables were; time interval between the baseline assessment and the final review, presence of hard tissue injury, splinting, and restoration placed at or before baseline.
Simulation of Soil Frost Depth and Effect on Runoff

A physically based soil frost depth model usable with air temperature data and precipitation data, is presented. Snow depth is calculated from precipitation data using a physical snow cover model. The soil frost depth model is tested in one small basin, with a five-year calibration and verification period. Results from snow depth and soil frost depth simulation were satisfactory also in the verification period. In the second stage simulated frost depth information was used to develop an HBV-runoff model version, attempting to simulate the possible effect of soil frost on runoff. The simulation results are presented. These results suggest that soil frost does not have a very important effect on runoff in this forested basin.
Understanding the evolution of nuclear waste repositories by performing appropriate experiments – selected investigations at Mont Terri rock laboratory

Abstract. Any site selection process for a final repository for high-level and heat producing radioactive waste is a national challenge and has to take into account, among others, regional geological settings. In Germany, the site selection has to restart from zero, and all potential host rocks have to be considered equal, including argillaceous rocks. Therefore, the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) performs appropriate experiments in the Swiss Mont Terri rock laboratory, which is located in the Jurassic Opalinus Clay. In this paper, activities and results from actual and still ongoing experiments, with participation of BGR, are presented exemplarily. All experiments aim for a contribution to understand particular aspects regarding the behaviour of underground facilities, BGR's focus lies mainly on aspects of the early lifetime of a repository, namely the construction, post-closure transient, and partly post-closure equilibrium phases. It is obvious that for a full understanding of the evolution of a final repository, knowledge and experience of many different groups, their studies and results covering all aspects, have to be included. In this paper, we can only emphasise a few representative examples on geophysical and geotechnical in-situ site investigations, geotechnical mine-by monitoring, laboratory investigations, and modelling aspects. The combined interpretation of these results enhance interpretations and is a prerequisite for a comprehensive understanding of a repository.
L U K A S-a preliminary report on a new Swedish speech synthesis

Uriagerika, J. 1996. 'Determiner clitic placement'. In R. Freidin (ed.). Current issues in comparative grammar, 257-295. Dordrecht: Kluwer. Waite, J. 1994. 'Determiner phrases in Maori'. Te Reo 37, 55-77. Zimmermann, I. 1991. 'The Subject in the noun phrase: Its syntax and semantics'. In I. Zimmermann (ed.). Syntax und Semantik der Substantivgruppe (Studia Grammatica 33), 33-68. Berlin: AkademieVerlag. Lund University, Dept. of Linguistics Working Papers 46 (1997), 45-56 45
Investigations of casting conditions in a Two – Strand – Tundish Water Model using DPIV and PLIF-technique

The investigated multi-strand tundish distributes the steel melt from the ladles to the two moulds. Laser optical investigations were carried out at a 1:3 scaled laboratory water model of a Twostrand-tundish. The steel tundish has a capacity of 69 t. To illustrate the influence of different casting conditions on the flow field and the mixing process in the tundish Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) are used. The operation of one of the moulds can be interrupted due to some limitations of process in the continuous casting. An example of these limitations is the clogging of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN). Since the Two-strand-tundish has to guarantee perfect casting conditions at the unaffected mould, the conditions at the inlet have to be adapted. The mass flow rate must be reduced and therefore the casting time increases. The Froude criterion is kept to determine the volumetric flow rate for the water model. The presented investigations show that different casting conditions have a large influence on the flow phenomena inside the tundish. The interruption of the casting process at one of the moulds leads to a change of the characteristic flow structure and on the mixing process of the fluid
Impact of Performance Appraisal on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and Intention to Stay through Affective Commitment: A Literature Review

The purpose of this paper is to develop theoretical framework linking performance appraisal, affective commitment, intention to stay, and organizational citizenship behaviour. The social exchange and procedural justice theories applied to link performance appraisal with affective commitment, intention to stay, and organizational citizenship behaviour. Propositions were framed based on the in-depth literature review and tested the propositions based on the previous similar findings. This study will provide platform to conduct empirical study to examine the impact of performance appraisal on affective commitment, intention to stay, and organizational citizenship behaviour.
NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS OF BURIED ARCH STRUCTURES

In order to verify the design system the finite element analysis results have been compared with alternative analysis methods and with measurements of actual structures during construction. In an earlier paper the finite element results were compared with alternative simplified design methods. In this paper the results of different finite element analyses are compared, and these results are compared with further site measurements.
Agroecology as a public matter: an overlook through the trajectory of Brazil’s National Articulation of Agroecology

The proposal of agroecology has emerged in recent decades inserted into non-hegemonic developmental alternatives, expressing itself broadly as a social movement, science, practice, and lifestyle. Several social movement organizations and NGOs of the agro-ecological field congregate in the National Articulation of Agroecology (ANA). This research sought to understand the formation and political organization of the ANA, which is understood as a network with heterogeneous connections and social actors, established in 2002 to promote policy formulation and exchanges between organizations working with agroecology. We followed ANA’s trajectory to understand how the association promoted agroecology as a recognized public issue and represented itself as a social network, both for converging approaches and actions, as to oppose the agribusiness and to dispute public policies. The study begins with the historical reconstruction of the agro-ecological movement, from the initial steps of alternative agriculture to the spreading and defense of agroecology by different actors and sectors. As methodological tools, we conducted semi-structured interviews, participated in events and analyzed various documents. The action as a network, even in a horizontal effort, revealed concentrations, controversies and dynamics with different degrees of involvement. The study allowed us to observe the relationships and social processes that led to the formation of the ANA, as well as its form of action as a network and its representation as part of the agro-ecological movement. ANA boosted the political significance of agroecology as a frame, mobilized the actors to a public issue and to network shares with proposals for a new utopia.
Parabolic Effect Between Managerial Ownership And Firm Value To Control Agency Conflict

This research attempts to place the ownership structure, which includes managerial ownership, institutional ownership, foreign ownership, and concentration ownership as determinants to predict value of the firm. Managerial ownership will be identified and analyzed on its possibility to form the inverse U-shape relationship pattern, therefore the test on parabolic effect between managerial ownership using Tobin’s Q can be conducted. Meanwhile, such test cannot be conducted to the other three independent variables. This test was applied to non-financial firms whose shares were listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2000-2017. The result of panel data regression test concludes that managerial ownership can predict value of the firm, while it is not for institutional ownership and foreign ownership.
Declaration This is to certify that the research work titled “ Automated Short Answer Scoring ” is submitted by M

In our thesis we have worked to analyse text short answers then predict the score accordingly by using different extracted features. In our research we have used around 1700 data for each data_set and are scored by two different humans provided by the Hewlett foundation available in Kaggle. We have used different NLP techniques to process the data in order to use it to the classifiers. Sckit was used to implement the algorithms of the different classifiers. The data were divided into two different data sets, one of them was the training_set and the test_set. The training_set data was used to train the different classifiers afterwards the test_set data was given to the classifiers to predict the score. The predicted score was compared with the score given by the humans to find the efficiency and accuracy of the different classifiers.
Collaborative Tag-Based Recommendation Methods Using the Principle of Latent Factor Models

Collaborative tagging systems allow users to attach tags to diverse sharable contents in social networks. These tags provide usefulness in reusing the contents for all community members as well as their creators. Three-dimensional data composed of users, items, and tags are used in the collaborative tag-based recommendation. They are generally more voluminous and sparse than two-dimensional data composed of users and items. Therefore, there are many difficulties in applying existing collaborative filtering methods directly to them. Latent factor models, which are also successful in the area of collaborative filtering recently, discover latent features(factors) for explaining observed values and solve problems based on the features. However, establishing the models require much time and efforts. In order to apply the latent factor models to three-dimensional collaborative filtering data, we have to overcome the difficulty of establishing them. This paper proposes various methods for determining preferences of users to items via establishing an intuitive model by assuming tags used for items as latent factors to users and items respectively. They are compared using real data for concluding desirable directions. 키워드:협업 태그, 잠재 요인 모델, 추천, 협업 필터링 Collaborative Tag, Latent Factor Model, Recommendation, Collaborative Filtering
INFORMATION MONITORING BASED ON WEB RESOURCES MONITORING

The paper summarizes the system for WEB resources monitoring based on defined query. Experiment compares results returned by the proposed system to those provided by Google Search and Google Alert services. Results indicate that the system could be solid base for development and tests of pattern detection and information retrieval mechanism, while providing more data than Google solutions. Drawback of system and further development plans are also presented.
Knowledge and Behaviour Towards Tetanus Toxoid Immunisation in South-South, Nigeria: Findings from Antenatal Clinic Attendees

Tetanus infection has remained a major health problem in the third world countries despite the availability and accessibility of effective antibodies as vaccines. The knowledge of women about the diseases may affect their behavior with regards to prevention of the disease. This was a descriptive cross sectional study to assess the knowledge and behavior towards tetanus toxoid immunization by 252 antenatal clinic attendees in two health facilities Uyo metropolis. The majority of respondents had heard about Tetanus infection 247(98.1%) and tetanus toxoid (97.2%), with Health workers being the main source of information 213 (85.9%). Most, 228(90.5%) knew it is for prevention, while only 80 (31.7%) were aware 5 doses confer lifetime immunity. Â Most of the women 236 (93.7%) had received at least a dose of TT; 123(52.1%) had up to 5 doses, while 184(78%) claimed they had completed the immunisation schedule. The commonest reason some had not received any was its not being offered to them (31.3%). There was a global positive attitude towards TT immunisation. The level of education but not age of respondents was statistically associated with being immunized (P=0.001). The study showed a fairly good awareness of tetanus infection and immunisation withÂ Â misconceptions and a good disposition unmatched by practice. There is therefore the need for proper health education especially on the number of doses, intervals/ schedules, the protection offered, as well as need for the evaluation of the content of health enlightenment information provided by health personnel to mothers attending ANCs
TURKISH ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION DISCUSSION PAPER 2004/19 http://www.tek.org.tr DISASTER LOSSES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD: EVIDENCE FROM THE AUGUST 1999 EARTHQUAKE IN TURKEY

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of a natural disaster on a developing country’s economy. In that sense, we look at the impact of August 1999 earthquake in Turkey on two important macroeconomic indicators of the Turkish economy (Real Output and Employment) with recovery policies followed by the government and international donors. Our results indicate that the earthquake had a significant immediate negative impact on both output and employment growth in Turkey. While output growth reverted back to its predisaster pattern after the initial shock, employment growth did not recover. The earthquake had both a short run and long run influence on the Turkish economy. This study will develop understanding of the possible effects of future earthquakes. Also, it will help the Turkish Government evaluate already-applied mitigation measures (like Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool etc.) and guide the preparation for forthcoming disasters since scientists have reached a consensus that a major earthquake is expected in Istanbul. * Corresponding Author: Jamie B. Kruse, Department of Economics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, phone: (806) 742-2201, fax: (806) 742-1137, email: jamie.kruse@ttu.edu.