Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
237 Introduction of video triage of children with respiratory symptoms at a medical helpline

BackgroundCalls regarding children make up the relatively largest proportion of contacts to medical call-centers, with calls often concerning respiratory symptoms. Triage of children without visual cues and through second-hand information is difficult, with risks of over- and undertriage. We aimed to test feasibility, acceptance and patient outcome after introduction of video triage of young children at the out-of-hours medical call-center in Copenhagen, Denmark.MethodProspective quality improvement study, with patients aged 6 months to 5 years with respiratory symptoms enrolled to video or standard telephone triage (1:1). Calculated sample size was 774. The proportion of successful video calls, representing feasibility, and parental acceptance of video participation was registered, along with patient outcome within 48 hours, including adverse events (intensive care unit admittance, lasting injuries, death). ResultsWe included 617 patients (54% video triage) before the study prematurely was shut-down due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Feasibility was 95.2% and acceptance rate likewise 95.2%. No adverse events were registered in either group. Patients were triaged to stay at home in 63% of video triage calls vs. 58% of telephone triage calls (p=0.19). Within 8 and 24 hours there was a trend towards fewer video triaged than telephone triaged patients assessed at hospitals: 39% versus 46% (p=0.07) and 41% versus 49% (p=0.07), respectively.ConclusionVideo triage of young children with respiratory symptoms at a medical call-center was feasible, acceptable and safe. Video triage can potentially optimize triage and hospital referrals, and might be beneficial in many pediatric call-center contacts.Conflict of interestNone to declare.FundingTryg Foundation, Research Foundation of the Capital Region, Research Foundation of Amager-Hvidovre Hospital.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Predicts Risk of Dementia Onset in Cognitively Healthy Individuals and Rate of Cognitive Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Background: Biomarkers that are indicative of early biochemical aberrations are needed to predict the risk of dementia onset and progression in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We assessed the utility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NfL) chain for screening preclinical AD, predicting dementia onset among cognitively healthy (CH) individuals, and the rate of cognitive decline amongst individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Neurofilament light levels were measured in CSF samples of participants (CH, n = 154 and MCI, n = 32) from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle study of ageing (AIBL). Cases of preclinical AD were identified using biomarker-guided classification (CH, amyloid-β [Aβ]+, phosphorylated-tau [P-tau]+ and total-tau [T-tau]±; A+T+/N±). The prediction of dementia onset (questionable dementia) among CH participants was assessed as the risk of conversion from Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR = 0] to CDR ≥ 0.5 over 6 years. Mixed linear models were used to assess the utility of baseline CSF NfL levels for predicting the rate of cognitive decline among participants with MCI over 4.5 years. Results: Neurofilament light levels were significantly higher in preclinical AD participants (CH, A+T+/N±) as compared to A-T-N- (p < 0.001). Baseline levels of CSF NfL were higher in CH participants who converted to CDR ≥ 0.5 over 6 years (p = 0.045) and the risk of conversion to CDR ≥ 0.5 was predicted (hazard ratio [HR] 1.60, CI 1.03–2.48, p = 0.038). CH participants with CSF NfL > cut-off were at a higher risk of developing dementia (HR 4.77, CI 1.31–17.29, p = 0.018). Participants with MCI and with higher baseline levels of CSF NfL (>median) had a higher rate of decline in cognition over 4.5 years. Conclusion: An assessment of CSF NfL levels can help to predict dementia onset among CH vulnerable individuals and cognitive decline among those with MCI.
Assessing The Sustainability Of Tourism Products – As Simple As It Gets

The balance between the three dimensions of sustainability forms the basis for the successful development of a tourism region. The development of sustainable products is crucial for a destination in order to create true sustainable experiences for their guests. The research project aimed to determine the criteria for sustainable tourism and to develop a simple method for the sustainability assessment of tourism products. While most valuation methods require the presence and the analysis of a comprehensive data set, the assessment tool should enable the destination to analyse the sustainability of their products as easily as possible. Together with five Swiss tourism destinations an assessment tool was developed and tested. In a first step, the central sustainability criteria for tourism products were defined based on existing criteria sets. Then an inventory of all tourist products was created. Every single product was quantitatively assessed with regards to the sustainability criteria by the project manager of the destination management organisation (DMO). Their experiences were evaluated through qualitative interviews. The sustainability assessment using the framework showed various challenges such as the dependence of the prior knowledge of the evaluator. The variety of the products also hampers a consistent assessment and a comparison between destinations. The strengths of such a simplified model are that it allows a comparison to changes of sustainability in the product portfolio over time. In addition, it promotes the internal discussion and awareness. Using the new framework during the development of new products helps to take all criteria into account. It also supports the connection with service providers and the communication of sustainability requirements. The instrument tested represents a compromise that reduces complexity and enables the assessment of sustainability without the use of a comprehensive monitoring system – as simple as it gets.
On Deep Learning Approaches to Automated Assessment: Strategies for Short Answer Grading

: The recent increase in the number of courses that are delivered in a blended fashion, before the effect of the pandemic has even been considered, has led to a concurrent interest in the question of how appropriate or useful automated assessment can be in such a setting. In this paper, we consider the case of automated short answer grading (ASAG), i.e., the evaluation of student answers that are strictly limited in terms of length using machine learning and in particular deep learning methods. Although ASAG has been studied for over 50 years, it is still one of the most active areas of NLP research as it represents a starting point for the possible consideration of more open ended or conversational answering. The availability of good training data, including inter alia, labelled and domain-specific information is a key challenge for ASAG. This paper reviews deep learning approaches to this question. In particular, deep learning models, dataset curation, and evaluation metrics for ASAG tasks are considered in some detail. Finally, this study considers the development of guidelines for educators to improve the applicability of ASAG research.
Installation Season May Significantly Impact Time Required for Subterranean Termites to Find and Feed on In-Ground Baits

Simple Summary Insecticide baits for use against subterranean termites have been shown to be highly effective, but the time required for termites to find and feed on baits may be a barrier to adoption in some areas. One explanation for this “time-to-attack” problem is that termite foraging near the soil surface may be limited during inhospitable periods. In California, characterized by a hot-summer Mediterranean climate, western subterranean termites have mostly been observed near the surface during the wet season, suggesting that baits installed in summer may sit uninvestigated for many months. To test this hypothesis, we established research plots in areas of known termite incidence, installing baits on four different dates over a one-year period and then recording termite activity every 60 days for two years. As expected, most foraging in these stations was observed in winter and spring. Time-to-attack for stations installed at the beginning of winter was significantly less than for stations installed at the beginning of summer (194 d vs. 296 d). These findings may help pest control operators in regions with pronounced dry periods to optimize their use of bait station systems by targeting specific installation seasons. Abstract Rhinotermitid termites, serious pests of wooden structures throughout the world, are commonly controlled with chitin synthesis inhibitor bait systems. Seasonal termite foraging patterns in some regions may prolong bait interception time, however, significantly decreasing colony elimination speed. We hypothesized that installing baits immediately prior to the season of highest foraging activity will minimize interception time when baiting for Reticulitermes spp. in California, a region characterized by a hot-summer Mediterranean climate. To test this theory, we installed three different bait systems on four dates corresponding to the major seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter) at five field locations known to harbor the target species. We then recorded initial termite discovery events every 60 days for two years, considering effects of installation season, bait system, site, and distance from previously observed termite incidence on bait interception time. Observed foraging activity in bait stations was highest during late winter and spring. Baits installed during winter exhibited interception times more than 100 days shorter than those of baits installed during summer. From these findings, we conclude that colony elimination speed and perceived CSI bait utility may be increased in Mediterranean climate regions when baits are installed immediately prior to the wet season.
Obesity Exacerbates Coxsackievirus Infection via Lipid-Induced Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Generation

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection causes acute pancreatitis and myocarditis. However, its pathophysiological mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated how lipid metabolism is associated with exacerbation of CVB3 pathology using high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with 1×106 pfu/mouse of CVB3 after being fed a control or HFD to induce obesity. Mice were treated with mitoquinone (MitoQ) to reduce the level of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS). In obese mice, lipotoxicity of white adipose tissue-induced inflammation caused increased replication of CVB3 and mortality. The coxsackievirus adenovirus receptor increased under obese conditions, facilitating CVB3 replication in vitro. However, lipid-treated cells with receptor-specific inhibitors did not reduce CVB3 replication. In addition, lipid treatment increased mitochondria-derived vesicle formation and the number of multivesicular bodies. Alternatively, we found that inhibition of lipid-induced mtROS decreased viral replication. Notably, HFD-fed mice were more susceptible to CVB3-induced mortality in association with increased levels of CVB3 replication in adipose tissue, which was ameliorated by administration of the mtROS inhibitor, MitoQ. These results suggest that mtROS inhibitors can be used as potential treatments for CVB3 infection.
Collaborative Learning Attention Network Based on RGB Image and Depth Image for Surface Defect Inspection of No-Service Rail

Surface defect inspection of no-service rail is important for safety of railway transportation. However, there are several challenges of irregular defect boundary, similar foreground and background for no-service rail surface defect inspection. To deal with the above challenges, depth image is used to provide complementary spatial information to RGB image. In recent years, with the development of deep learning and computer vision technology, intelligent inspection of defect has made great progress. We propose a neural network named collaborative learning attention network (CLANet) for no-service rail surface defect inspection. Our method can inspect the defect object of rail surface and segment the accurate region of that defect. The proposed method consists of three main stages: feature extraction, cross-modal information fusion, and defect location and segmentation. A multimodal attention block is proposed to highlight complex defect object with a new cross-modal fusion strategy. Furthermore, dual stream decoder enriches the representation of advanced features and avoids the dilution of information in the decoding stage. Suffering from the scarcity of defective data, an industrial RGB-D dataset NEU RSDDS-AUG is built. Finally, ablation studies verify the effectiveness of our proposed method. Compared with the existing nine state-of-the-art methods, CLANet has achieved improvements in all five parameters. Our method is also competitive on four public benchmark datasets.
How violence shapes contentious traditional leadership in Nigeria’s Niger Delta

This article analyses the role of violence in the emergence of political leadership in village-communities of Nigeria’s Niger Delta. The article makes three overarching arguments. First, that individuals involved in violent militancy and youth cultism (gangs) use violence to attain political power within communities in the Niger Delta. When they succeed, these individuals become the new elites in their communities. This power is often focused on appropriating traditional authority. Second, the use of violence to take control of traditional governance structures reduces the moral authority that legitimizes traditional leadership. Third, the struggle by everyday people and factions within villages to reclaim traditional authority from violent actors creates contentious leadership in communities. These arguments highlight the crisis being experienced by traditional forms of governance in Nigeria’s Niger Delta as a result of the proliferation of violence in the region. Based on empirical data obtained from ethnic communities heavily impacted by militancy and youth cultism in Rivers State, the article found that competitive struggles amongst the local elites in communities over the control of cult groups, and economic and political spaces of traditional authority shape the dynamics of cult wars, political violence and contentious leadership in the Niger Delta.
Analysis and Study on Spatial Matching between Governmental Affairs’ Service Resources and Population: Empirical Analysis Based on the Statistical Data of L City in Central China

Objective. To construct a coupling model between resources for governmental affairs services and population data and its evaluation system, this research investigates and surveys offline (site, hardware, and human resources) and online service resources of governmental affairs on the basis to the Seventh National Census. The study aims to provide countermeasures and suggestions to promote governmental affairs service resources for people in specific areas more effectively. Method. This study analyzes and examines spatial matching between governmental affairs’ service resources and the population by using principal component analysis. Using the coupling matching degree model for reference, this study constructs a matching model based on governmental affairs’ service resources and its evaluation system. Furthermore, the study analyzes and demonstrates the coupling matching degree between governmental affairs’ service resources and the population system. Conclusions. Over the past five years, the matching level between governmental affairs’ service resources and the population has been categorized as moderate coordinative matching on the whole. From the perspective of changing trends, which are affected by population fluctuations, the matching degree also fluctuates, thus indicating a close relationship. Therefore, some relevant governmental departments need to continue promoting the “One Net, One Access, One Time” reform further and encouraging the equal allocation of governmental affairs’ service resources.
INDIVIDUAL WELL MANAGEMENT AND DYNAMIC PRODUCTION ANALYSIS OF SULIGE GAS FIELD

Sulige gas field is characterized by complicated geological settings,poor physical property,low gas abundance,low individual well productivity,no natural deliverability without being fractured,rapid productivity decline,short period of stabilized production,low productivity and recovery ratio and low economic benefits.And there is no mature development technology available all over the world for the field like this one.According to this kind of situation,individual well classification criteria suitable for Sulige Gas Field is formed based on the characteristics of the gas well production history,production history and decline principle of different kind of gas well are analyzed synthetically by utilizing the technology of gas reservoir engineering,precise evaluation to the dynamic recoverable reserve is carried out with the method of pressure drop,production decline and cumulative production.And corresponding measures are proposed,such as flow restriction in the bottom hole to stabilize the production,reasonable allocation to improve the recoverable reserve and individual well management of batch production in the later stage to employ the reserve of the peripheral zone.And all the measures above would provide theory basis and technology supports to the efficient and reasonable development of low permeability and high heterogeneity gas reservoir similar to Sulige Gas Field.
Methodology to Implement a Microgrid in a University Campus

This paper presents the method we followed to design a microgrid at a university campus based on available resources. Due to introduction of renewable resources to produce energy, a methodology that allows design a microgrid in a university campus is very useful. Hence, we present a series of steps that must be carried out to estimate the resource to be used, the installation, area needed, and the capacity of the systems needed are also described. In addition, the models of the distributed resources that constitutes the microgrid are presented and explained. To validate the proposed methodology, simulations were performed using Opal-RT-LAb. As a test scenario we selected the Mayagüez campus of the University of Puerto Rico where we conducted analysis of the available resource and capacity of the systems is needed to satisfy demand of critical loads, considering a predetermined number of days of austerity. Our study results in determination of dimensions, cost and effectiveness of the microgrid. Simulations results also show that the proposed microgrid satisfy demand with the same reliability, or better, than the traditional electrical network. Additionally, the best options for this purpose are photovoltaic, batteries, and combined heat and power, if the technological advances and availability of resources to the date for Puerto Rico are considered.
A Positive Study on the Transformation of the Mode of Industrial Cluster Brand

There are two modes of industrial cluster brand,the "coverage" style and the "relying on" style cluster brand.It has been proved by the practice that the former is the extensive mode in the early development of cluster brand,and it has manifested many problems in the further development of industrial clusters.According to the study of former researchers,the paper puts forward a basic hypothesis of building cluster brands,and constructs the model of transformation for the mode of cluster brand.The paper takes Datang socks cluster for an example,and tests the model with t-test and binomial distribution test.The result indicates that industrial cluster in "coverage" style cluster brand wishes to transform its mode,and it is feasible for this mode to transform into the "relying on" style cluster brand.
Exploring the Effects of the Interaction of Carbon and MoS2 Catalyst on CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol

Hydrogenation of CO2 to form methanol utilizing green hydrogen is a promising route to realizing carbon neutrality. However, the development of catalyst with high activity and selectivity to methanol from the CO2 hydrogenation is still a challenge due to the chemical inertness of CO2 and its characteristics of multi-path conversion. Herein, a series of highly active carbon-confining molybdenum sulfide (MoS2@C) catalysts were prepared by the in-situ pyrolysis method. In comparison with the bulk MoS2 and MoS2/C, the stronger interaction between MoS2 and the carbon layer was clearly generated. Under the optimized reaction conditions, MoS2@C showed better catalytic performance and long-term stability. The MoS2@C catalyst could sustain around 32.4% conversion of CO2 with 94.8% selectivity of MeOH for at least 150 h.
Post-Translational Modifications of Histones Are Versatile Regulators of Fungal Development and Secondary Metabolism

Chromatin structure is a major regulator of DNA-associated processes, such as transcription, DNA repair, and replication. Histone post-translational modifications, or PTMs, play a key role on chromatin dynamics. PTMs are involved in a wide range of biological processes in eukaryotes, including fungal species. Their deposition/removal and their underlying functions have been extensively investigated in yeasts but much less in other fungi. Nonetheless, the major role of histone PTMs in regulating primary and secondary metabolisms of filamentous fungi, including human and plant pathogens, has been pinpointed. In this review, an overview of major identified PTMs and their respective functions in fungi is provided, with a focus on filamentous fungi when knowledge is available. To date, most of these studies investigated histone acetylations and methylations, but the development of new methodologies and technologies increasingly allows the wider exploration of other PTMs, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, sumoylation, and acylation. Considering the increasing number of known PTMs and the full range of their possible interactions, investigations of the subsequent Histone Code, i.e., the biological consequence of the combinatorial language of all histone PTMs, from a functional point of view, are exponentially complex. Better knowledge about histone PTMs would make it possible to efficiently fight plant or human contamination, avoid the production of toxic secondary metabolites, or optimize the industrial biosynthesis of certain beneficial compounds.
Ballistic Deficit Pulse Processing in Cadmium–Zinc–Telluride Pixel Detectors for High-Flux X-ray Measurements

High-flux X-ray measurements with high-energy resolution and high throughput require the mitigation of pile-up and dead time effects. The reduction of the time width of the shaped pulses is a key approach, taking into account the distortions from the ballistic deficit, non-linearity, and time instabilities. In this work, we will present the performance of cadmium–zinc–telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) pixel detectors equipped with digital shapers faster than the preamplifier peaking times (ballistic deficit pulse processing). The effects on energy resolution, throughput, energy-linearity, time stability, charge sharing, and pile-up are shown. The results highlight the absence of time instabilities and high-energy resolution (<4% FWHM at 122 keV) when ballistic deficit pulse processing (dead time of 90 ns) was used in CZT pixel detectors. These activities are in the framework of an international collaboration on the development of spectroscopic imagers for medical applications (mammography, computed tomography) and non-destructive testing in the food industry.