Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students' Satisfaction with Major Academic Facilities in Private Universities in Ogun State, Nigeria

Higher educational institutions, particularly privately owned institutions, in developing countries are constantly challenged to improve on the quality of their facilities. This is necessitated by the need to ensure students' patronage. This study, therefore, examines students’ level of satisfaction with library, ICT laboratory and classroom facilities in five private universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Seven hundred and seventy copies of a questionnaire were distributed while five hundred and twenty-two were returned and valid for further processing. Data analysis using frequency distribution and weighted mean revealed that the students were generally satisfied with electricity supply and furniture in all three facilities; however, they were not satisfied with the number of escape routes and toilets. The paper recommends amongst others that the managements of the universities should, as a matter of priority, make efforts to improve the facilities with low level of students' satisfaction.
A Role for Data Science in Precision Nutrition and Early Brain Development

Multimodal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide biomarkers of early influences on neurodevelopment such as nutrition, environmental and genetic factors. As the exposure to early influences can be separated from neurodevelopmental outcomes by many months or years, MRI markers can serve as an important intermediate outcome in multivariate analyses of neurodevelopmental determinants. Key to the success of such work are recent advances in data science as well as the growth of relevant data resources. Multimodal MRI assessment of neurodevelopment can be supplemented with other biomarkers of neurodevelopment such as electroencephalograms, magnetoencephalogram, and non-imaging biomarkers. This review focuses on how maternal nutrition impacts infant brain development, with three purposes: (1) to summarize the current knowledge about how nutrition in stages of pregnancy and breastfeeding impact infant brain development; (2) to discuss multimodal MRI and other measures of early neurodevelopment; and (3) to discuss potential opportunities for data science and artificial intelligence to advance precision nutrition. We hope this review can facilitate the collaborative march toward precision nutrition during pregnancy and the first year of life.
Holmes: SMT Interference Diagnosis and CPU Scheduling for Job Co-location

Co-location of latency-critical services with best-effort batch jobs is commonly adopted in production systems to increase resource utilization. Although memory and CPU isolation have been extensively studied, we find Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT) technology imposes non-trivial interference on memory access which jeopardizes efficient co-location and performance assurance of latency-critical services. However, there is not an existing metric to quantitatively measure and lacks a deterministic approach to tackle SMT interference on memory access. We present Holmes, a user-space approach to SMT interference diagnosis and adaptive CPU scheduling for efficient job co-location in multi-tenant systems. Holmes tackles two challenges: accurately measuring SMT interference on memory access, and efficiently adjusting CPU allocation to achieve low latency and high resource utilization at the same time. It leverages CPU hardware performance events to diagnose SMT interference on memory access and form a metric. It deploys an interference-aware scheduler to adaptively allocate CPU cores to latency-critical services and batch jobs. Experiments with four real-world key-value stores show that compared to a representative CPU isolation approach, Holmes reduces the average (99th percentile) query latency by up to 49.0% (52.3%) for four real-world latency-critical services. It also significantly improves convergence speed, resource utilization, and system throughput.
Australian First-Year Nursing Student Knowledge and Attitudes on Pressure Injury Prevention: A Three-Year Educational Intervention Survey Study

Pressure injury prevention is a significant issue as pressure injuries are difficult to heal, painful, and create clinical complications for patients. The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge and attitudes of first-year nursing students to pressure injury prevention, and to explore whether additional educational interventions augmented learning. A previously validated online survey was administered to three cohorts of first-year nursing students in 2016, 2017 (after additional online education), and 2018 (after further simulation education), and a subsequent comparative analysis was undertaken. Overall, the knowledge of students about pressure injury was low with measures to prevent pressure injury or shear achieving the lowest score (<50%). Students aged over 25 years (p < 0.001) and men (p = 0.14) gained higher attitude scores. There were significant differences for mean knowledge scores between the 2016 and 2018 cohorts (p = 0.04), including age group (p = 0.013) and number of clinical training units undertaken (p = 0.23). The 2016 cohort scored consistently lower in the attitude survey than both other cohorts (p < 0.001). Online resources and simulation experiences marginally improved knowledge and improved attitudes towards prevention of pressure injury. Nursing curricula should include targeted education to ensure student nurses are adequately prepared to prevent pressure injury through understanding of aetiology and risk assessment.
Toward Personalized Exercise Medicine: A Cautionary Tale

ABSTRACT Purpose This study aimed to examine individual exercise response rates across a range of cardiometabolic variables, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition in adults. Methods A retrospective analysis of data from three randomized controlled trials was used in this study. Participants include those who completed the given trial (control, n = 87; intervention, n = 251). Anthropometric (weight, body mass index, waist circumference), cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak), MRI-measured total adipose tissue (AT), abdominal subcutaneous AT, and visceral AT and common cardiometabolic variables were assessed pre- and postintervention using standard methodologies. The technical error (TE), which includes both the day-to-day variability and instrument error, was calculated using pre- and postintervention data from the time-matched control group. Results On average, all anthropometric, MRI, and V̇O2peak variables improved significantly after intervention compared with the control group (P < 0.05). With the exception of glucose disposal rate (37%), after intervention less than 13% of participants improved cardiometabolic outcome measures beyond the day-to-day variability of measurement. In other words, the individual response for 63%–96% of participants fell within the uncertain range (2 TE). Similarly, for absolute V̇O2peak (L·min−1), only 45% of participants improved beyond 2 TE. By comparison, for MRI-derived variables, the majority of participants (77%, 58%, and 51% for total AT, abdominal subcutaneous AT, and visceral AT, respectively) improved beyond 2 TE. The observed reductions beyond 2 TE for WC and body weight were 53% and 63%, respectively. Conclusions The findings suggest extreme caution when inferring that the cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory fitness response for a given individual is attributable to the exercise dose prescribed.
Is Coloburiscidae (Ephemeroptera) Monophyletic? A Comparison of Datasets

Coloburiscidae consists of three living genera with a Gondwanan distribution—Coloburiscoides from Australia, Coloburiscus from New Zealand, and Murphyella from Chile. Molecular-based phylogenetic analyses of Ephemeroptera (mayflies) have been somewhat successful in resolving many higher-level relationships in the order. Most of these analyses, however, have been ambiguous with respect to the family Coloburiscidae. This study presents the first phylogenetic analysis specific to Coloburiscidae using data generated from 448 phylogenomic sequences and data generated from the Sanger sequencing of five genes: 12S, 16S, 18S, 28S, and H3. Bayesian and likelihood analyses were conducted on each dataset and, ultimately, on a combined dataset of the two. Coloburiscidae was shown to be supported as monophyletic in each instance where the phylogenomic data were included. Coloburiscoides was shown as sister to Murphyella + Coloburiscus.
A Simple Method for Modeling Open Cracked Beam

Abstract A simple method is proposed to model the open cracked beam structures. In this method, crack is modeled as a beam element. Hence cracked beam can be assumed to be a beam with stepped cross sections, and problem of determining natural frequency and mode shape of cracked beam, can be solved as determining these characteristics for a beam with different length and cross section. With this work, it is not necessary to model crack as lumped flexibility model in according to fracture mechanics and related sciences to obtain crack stiffness, and use this spring model of crack for further analysis.
Large-eddy simulation and mathematical model of vortex breakdown and pressure drop in a cavity with tubeless vortex reducer

ABSTRACT The tubeless vortex reducer was used to reduce the pressure drop in a cavity with radial inflow. In previous studies, the mechanism of vortex breakdown in tubeless vortex reducers was not clear, and there was a lack of direct guidance for engineering design. In this paper, we studied the vortex and pressure in the cavity in detail by large-eddy simulation (LES) and experiments. A mathematical model, which has high applicability and compatibility, was established to guide the pre-design of tubeless vortex reducers. The LES results showed that the high-speed and large-scale vortices broke rapidly at the nozzle inlet and reached the minimum size at the nozzle outlet. Furthermore, the enhancement of vortex in the downstream cavity was restrained. When the rotating speed was relatively low, strong negative vortices formed and the pressure drop increased in the downstream cavity. The experiments showed that the nozzle performance directly affected the flow characteristics and pressure drop in the cavity. Compared with the simple cavity, the tubeless vortex reducer generated lower pressure drop. The average relative error between the mathematical model and the experimental results was only 9.3%.
Soybean Seed Yield Productivity and Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Kansas

Abstract Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] productivity (seed yield) and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) were evaluated in response to different fertilization strategies. The study comprised four different locations in Kansas during the 2021 growing season, two irrigated (Topeka and Scandia) and two dryland (Kiro and Ashland Bottoms) sites. Greater seed yields were recorded in Topeka and Kiro (80 bu/a) relative to Scandia (55 bu/a) and Ashland Bottoms (51 bu/a), without observing fertilizer effects on yields. Overall, the relative abundance of ureides (% RAU), an indicator of the level of BNF, increased as the crop matured and showed a negative association with the soil N level. The main objective of this study was to identify how different levels of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilization affect the seed yield and the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soybean. Soybean [ Glycine max ( L. ) Merr. ] productivity (seed yield) and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) were evaluated in response to different fertilization strategies. The study comprised four different locations in Kansas during the 2021 growing season, two irrigated (Topeka and Scandia) and two dryland (Kiro and Ashland Bottoms) sites. Greater seed yields were recorded in Topeka and Kiro (80 bu/a) relative to Scandia (55 bu/a) and Ashland Bottoms (51 bu/a), without observing fertilizer effects on yields. Overall, the relative abundance of ureides (% RAU), an indicator of the level of BNF, increased as the crop matured and showed a negative association with the soil N level. The main objective of this study was to identify how different levels of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilization affect the seed yield and the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soybean.
ASPPMVSNet: A high‐receptive‐field multiview stereo network for dense three‐dimensional reconstruction

The learning‐based multiview stereo (MVS) methods for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction generally use 3D volumes for depth inference. The quality of the reconstructed depth maps and the corresponding point clouds is directly influenced by the spatial resolution of the 3D volume. Consequently, these methods produce point clouds with sparse local regions because of the lack of the memory required to encode a high volume of information. Here, we apply the atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) module in MVS methods to obtain dense feature maps with multiscale, long‐range, contextual information using high receptive fields. For a given 3D volume with the same spatial resolution as that in the MVS methods, the dense feature maps from the ASPP module encoded with superior information can produce dense point clouds without a high memory footprint. Furthermore, we propose a 3D loss for training the MVS networks, which improves the predicted depth values by 24.44%. The ASPP module provides state‐of‐the‐art qualitative results by constructing relatively dense point clouds, which improves the DTU MVS dataset benchmarks by 2.25% compared with those achieved in the previous MVS methods.
Instructional practices promoting computational thinking in STEAM elementary classrooms

Abstract We examine how elementary STEAM (science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics) teachers designed and implemented instructional practices to encourage computational thinking (CT) during problem-solving activities. After teachers created STEAM lessons aligned with state standards and CT practices, students made artifacts while solving problems related to science, English-Language Arts, Art and music. Students used digital tools such as Scratch, Hummingbirds, Spheros, littleBits, Lego Robotics and 3-D modeling software. Teachers’ instructional practices included recognizing CT opportunities, building collaborative culture, helping students make connections and designing with limited materials. Students drew on prior experiences, verbalized CT practices, recognized peer expertise and were comfortable with failure. We discuss ways to extend CT learning, broaden participation and improve elementary teachers’ capacity to integrate CT into instruction.
Expanding the Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of Caveolinopathy in Korea

Purpose: Caveolinopathy is a disease caused by caveolin-3 ( CAV3 ) mutations that shows a wide clinical spectrum, including isolated hyperCKemia and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. While recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have enabled earlier diagnosis of this disease, it remains difficult to predict the clinical course of each patient. Methods: This study summarizes the clinical presentations of 13 genetically confirmed caveolinopathy patients in four Korean families. Genetic diagnosis was performed using NGS technolo-gies for probands and Sanger sequencing for the other family members. Results: Four coding mutations were found (p.Val103_Val104del, p.Asp28Glu, p.Pro105Leu, and p.Arg27Gln), and each family showed autosomal dominant inheritance. While all 13 cases had hyperCKemia, only five of them showed some myopathic features including ankle contracture, calf hypertrophy, exercise intolerance, and muscle cramping. This high proportion of asymptomatic cases suggests both that these mutations may be associated with a mild phenotype and that caveolinopathy may be an underdiagnosed disease. Conclusion: This study extends our understanding of caveolinopathy; in particular, the findings suggest the need to consider caveolinopathy in patients with incidental findings of creatine kinase elevation. NGS may be a useful method in the differential diagnosis of such cases.
FBXO38 Ubiquitin Ligase Controls Centromere Integrity via ZXDA/B Stability

Alterations in the gene encoding the E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor FBXO38 have been associated with several diseases, including early-onset motor neuronopathy. However, the cellular processes affected by the enzymatic action of FBXO38 are not yet known. Here, we identify the zinc finger proteins ZXDA/B as its interaction partners. FBXO38 controls the stability of ZXDA/B proteins via ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. We show that ZXDA/B proteins associate with the centromeric protein CENP-B and that the interaction between ZXDA/B and FBXO38 or CENP-B is mutually exclusive. Functionally, ZXDA/B factors control the protein level of chromatin-associated CENP-B. Furthermore, their inappropriate stabilization leads to upregulation of CENP-A and CENP-B positive centromeric chromatin. Thus we demonstrate a previously unknown role of cullin-dependent protein degradation in the control of centromeric chromatin integrity.
An Auto-Configurable Dual-Mode MPPT for Energy Harvesting With 12 nW–180 mW Conversion Range

This brief presents an energy harvester IC with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme for an ultra-wide input power range. In the energy harvester, the proposed auto-configurable dual-mode MPPT algorithm adaptively switches between a fixed charge search (FCS) mode and a fixed frequency search (FFS) mode, according to the input power level. The implemented chip in 180nm CMOS process achieves the widest input power range of 12nW-to-180mW with a peak efficiency of 93.6%, occupying $1.14\,\,{\times }\,\,1.24$ mm2. The proposed hill climbing-based MPPT scheme also shows a conversion efficiency of >30% even at 12nW input power while consuming a quiescent current of 2.2nA.
Chemical and Pharmacological Profiling of Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. Ex Hornem.) Sims Focusing Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antidiarrheal, Hypoglycemic, and Analgesic Properties

The aim of the study was to conduct phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Sims via several in vitro, in vivo, and in silico models. A total of four compounds were identified and isolated from the methanol extract of the bark and the methanol extract of the seed pulp of W. coccinea through successive chromatographic techniques and were characterized as 3β-acetyloxy-olean-12-en-28-ol (1), wrightiadione (2), 22β-hydroxylupeol (3), and β-sitosterol (4) by spectroscopic analysis. The aqueous fraction of the bark and chloroform fraction of the fruits provided the most potent antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 7.22 and 4.5 µg/mL, respectively) in DPPH free radical scavenging assay compared with the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 17.45 µg/mL). The methanol bark extract and the methanol fruit coat extract exerted anti-diarrheal activity by inhibiting 74.55 ± 0.67% and 77.78 ± 1.5% (mean ± SEM) of the diarrheal episode in mice, respectively, after four hours of loading the samples. In the hypoglycemic test, the methanol bark extract and the methanol fruit coat extract (400 mg/kg) produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the blood glucose level in mice. Both doses of the plant extracts (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) used in the study induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in pain reaction time. The in vitro and in vivo findings were supported by the computational studies. The isolated compounds exhibited higher binding affinity compared with the standard drugs towards the active binding sites of glutathione reductase, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), kappa opioid receptor, glucose transporter 3 (GLUT 3), Mu opioid receptor, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) proteins due to their potent antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, hypoglycemic, and central and peripheral analgesic properties, respectively. The current findings concluded that W. coccinea might be a potential natural source for managing oxidative stress, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, and pain. Further studies are warranted for extensively phytochemical screening and establishing exact mechanisms of action.
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of a Shallow Two-Story Underground RC Box Structure

Tunnels, culverts, and subway stations are the main parts of an integrated infrastructure system. Most of them are constructed by the cut-and-cover method at shallow depths (mainly lower than 30 m) of soil deposits, where large-scale seismic ground deformation can occur with lower stiffness and strength of the soil. Therefore, the transverse racking deformation (one of the major seismic ground deformation) due to soil shear deformations should be included in the seismic design of underground structures using cost- and time-efficient methods that can achieve robustness of design and are easily understood by engineers. This paper aims to develop a simplified but comprehensive approach relating to vulnerability assessment in the form of fragility curves on a shallow two-story reinforced concrete underground box structure constructed in a highly-weathered soil. In addition, a comparison of the results of earthquakes per peak ground acceleration (PGA) is conducted to determine the effective and appropriate number for cost- and time-benefit analysis. The ground response acceleration method for buried structures (GRAMBS) is used to analyze the behavior of the structure subjected to transverse seismic loading under quasi-static conditions. Furthermore, the damage states that indicate the exceedance level of the structural strength capacity are described by the results of nonlinear static analyses (or so-called pushover analyses). The Latin hypercube sampling technique is employed to consider the uncertainties associated with the material properties and concrete cover owing to the variation in construction conditions. Finally, a large number of artificial ground shakings satisfying the design spectrum are generated in order to develop the seismic fragility curves based on the defined damage states. It is worth noting that the number of ground motions per PGA, which is equal to or larger than 20, is a reasonable value to perform a structural analysis that produces satisfactory fragility curves.
Revisiting Darwin's comparisons between human and non-human primate facial signals

Abstract Abstract Darwin and other pioneering scholars made comparisons between human facial signals and those of non-human primates, suggesting that they share evolutionary history. We now have tools available (the Facial Action Coding System) to make these comparisons anatomically based and standardised, as well as analytical methods to facilitate comparative studies. Here we review the evidence establishing a shared anatomical basis between the facial behaviour of human and non-human primate species, concluding which signals are probably related, and which are not. We then review the evidence for shared function and discuss the implications for understanding human communication. Where differences between humans and other species exist, we explore possible explanations and future directions for enquiry.
Lathe check formation and their impact on evaluations of veneer-based panel bond quality

During the peeling of veneer, lathe checks as deep as 70 to 80% of the veneer thickness are formed. This study showed that during adhesive testing according to EN 314 deep lathe checks in birch (Betula pendula Roth) veneer significantly reduced the shear strength of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) bonded plywood, even though these checks are not mentioned in the standard. In addition, we show that specimens tested open can fail by a different mechanism than those pulled closed, especially when checks are deep. Lathe checks were also shown to influence bond strengths when using the Automated Bonding Evaluation System (ABES). These findings stress the importance of measuring lathe check depth and considering the orientations of checks during testing to get a better understanding of bond quality in veneer-based products.