Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The weed vegetation of the bean “Fagiolo Cannellino di Atina” and the red pepper “Peperone di Pontecorvo” PDO crops (Latium, central Italy)

The weed vegetation of the bean “Fagiolo Cannellino di Atina” (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and the red pepper “Peperone di Pontecorvo” (Capsicum annuum L.) PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) crops was surveyed by means of 16 relevés, sampled in four farms of southern Latium during July 2019. The relevés were subjected to multivariate analysis, which revealed that the two crops are weeded by vegetation types referable to two different subassociations of Panico-Polygonetum persicariae (Spergulo-Erodion, Eragrostietalia, Digitario-Eragrostietea). Namely, communities colonizing bean fields, which are more mesophilous and richer in Eurasian taxa, are ascribable to the subassociation sorghetosum halepensis. Communities colonizing red pepper fields, which are more thermophilous and richer in Mediterranean taxa, are ascribable to the subassociation cyperetosum rotundi. Floristic, structural, and chorological features of the communities are discussed in relation to environmental factors and agricultural management.
A quick, easy and non‐invasive method to quantify coral growth rates using photogrammetry and 3D model comparisons

Coral growth rates vary significantly with environmental conditions and are thus important indicators of coral health and reef carbonate production. Despite the importance of this metric, data are sparse for most coral genera and species globally, including for many key reef‐building species. Traditional methods to obtain growth rates, such as coral coring or staining with Alizarin are destructive and only work for a limited number of species and morphological growth forms. Emerging approaches, using underwater photogrammetry to create digital models of coral colonies, are providing novel and non‐invasive ways to explore colony‐scale growth patterns and to address existing knowledge gaps. We developed an easy‐to‐follow workflow to construct three‐dimensional (3D) models from overlapping photographs and to measure linear, radial and vertical extension rates of branching, massive and encrusting corals after aligning colony models from subsequent years. The method presented here was applied to measure extension rates for 46 colonies of nine coral species in the remote Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean. Proposed image acquisition and software settings produced 3D models of consistently high resolution and detail (precision ≤ 0.2 mm) and variability in growth measurements was small despite manual alignment, clipping and ruler placement (SD ≤ 0.9 mm). Measured extension rates for the Chagos Archipelago are similar to published rates in the Indo‐Pacific where comparable data are available, and provide the first published rates for several species. For encrusting corals, the results emphasize the importance of differentiating between radial and vertical growth. Photogrammetry and 3D model comparisons provide a fast, easy, inexpensive and non‐invasive method to quantify coral growth rates for a range of species and morphological growth forms. The simplicity of the presented workflow encourages its repeatability and permits non‐specialists to learn photogrammetry with the goal of obtaining linear coral growth rates. Coral growth rates are essential metrics to quantify functional consequences of ongoing community changes on coral reefs and expanded datasets for key coral taxa will aid predictions of geographic variations in coral reef response to increasing global stressors.
Development and Evaluation of Curcumin Liquid Crystal Systems for Cervical Cancer

Curcumin is a hydrophobic compound with good anti-proliferative, anti-oxidative, and anti-cancer properties but has poor bioavailability. Liquid crystals (LC) can accommodate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate a novel vaginal drug delivery system for cervical cancer using a curcumin LC system. The curcumin LC system was formulated using surfactant, glycerol, and water together with curcumin. Three types of surfactants were used to optimize the formulation, i.e., Tween 80, Cremphor EL, and Labrasol. The optimized formulations were subjected to physicochemical analysis, and their efficacy was evaluated in HeLa cells. The pH of the formulations was in the range of 3.91–4.39. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) observations revealed spherical as well as hexagonal micelles. In vitro release of LC curcumin from vaginal simulated fluid (VSF, pH 4.5) showed a release from 20.47% to 87.25%. The IC50 of curcumin in HeLa cells was 22.5 μg/mL, while the IC25 and IC75 were 6.5 μg/mL and 35μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the formulations was determined in comparison with liquid crystals without curcumin and pure curcumin by performing a t-test based on a significance level of p less than or equal to 0.05 (p ≤ 0.05). The curcumin LC system was able to release the required amount of drug and was effective against the cervical cancer cell line examined.
MICROSCOPIC AND KELVIN PROBE STUDY OF CHARGE TRANSPORTING LAYERS ROLE IN MAPI PEROVSKITES WITH VARIED COMPOSITION

Perovskites are one of the most intensively studied photovoltaic materials nowadays. Microscopic studies can provide useful information about material roughness, conductivity, structure, mechanical and opto-electronic properties as well as about kinetic effects from short to long time scale for understanding and improving the photovoltaic performance. Here, time-resolved photovoltage was measured by Kelvin probe in the dark and under white light illumination. Morphology was characterized by optical and atomic force microscopy. We identify the impact of charge transporting layers (CTLs) on structural and opto-electronic properties of MAPbI3 perovskite with different ratio of MAI and PbI2.
The effects of retinoids and carotenoids on the in vitro function of human monocytes treated with ultraviolet light

Human peripheral blood monocytes provide a model for the in vivo exposure to, and immune functional damage caused by chronic UVB exposure at the skin surface. Retinoids and carotenoids are known immune function enhancers; they can also prevent cellular toxic product formation caused by UVB exposure. Application of these compounds in vitro may prevent functional damage to monocytes. Monocytes were exposed in vitro to UVB, then assayed for cytotoxic, phagocytic, and antigen presenting abilities. Phagocytic activity was protected from UVB damage by exposure to these compounds; cytotoxic activity was not altered by UVB exposure, but increased by exposure to the compounds. Antigen presentation was not affected by either the UVB or exposure to the com­ pounds. Protection of phagocytic function was not due to release of activating monokines or prostaglandins. Instead, the cell membrane antioxidant properties of these retinoids and carotenoids were the factors that protected the monocyte from phagocytic damage caused by UVB exposure.
A data driven health assessment model for high pressure output pumps in LNG terminals

High pressure output pumps are critical equipment in the vaporization and output system of LNG terminals. Health management helps improve efficiency and reduce cost of the maintenance of high pressure output pumps, thus guaranteeing the efficient productivity of LNG terminals. In order to develop health management system for high pressure output pumps, a data driven health assessment model based on online condition monitoring data of the pumps is proposed. Time domain and frequency domain features are extracted from the monitored vibration signal by statistical analysis and wavelet packet decomposition respectively, and a health index is constructed based on T2 and SPE statistics given by PCA results of the extracted features. The proposed model is validated based on monitoring data of high pressure output pumps in Qingdao LNG terminal. Results show that the calculated health indices are good indicators of the health status of the pumps, and are able to detect potential fault in their early development stages.
Why is the Capital Market Opening up and Stock Price Linkage?—Empirical Research Based on “Land-Hong Kong Stock Connect”

Based on the quarterly data of all A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2019, this article uses the multi period double difference model to explore the causes and transmission mechanism of the linkage effect of the stock prices of the two cities after the implementation of the “Land-Hong Kong Stock Connect”. The results show that: first, after the implementation of “Land-Hong Kong Stock Connect”, the degree of herd behavior of domestic investors as a whole becomes higher, and the larger the company scale is, the higher the degree of herd behavior of investors is; secondly, after the implementation of “Land-Hong Kong Stock Connect”, all listed companies have the behavior of internal investors imitating external investors, especially small and medium-sized companies; finally, from the overall sample From the point of view, the imitation behavior of internal investors is indeed conducted through the investor network, but it is divided into three categories: large, medium and small companies. Only the imitation transmission path of large companies is the investor network, and small and medium companies do not realize the imitation behavior through the network. The research of this article is helpful to appeal for rational investment of investors and provide empirical evidence support for further opening of capital market.
Constant-Envelope Precoding for Satellite Systems

In this paper, Constant-Envelope Precoding techniques are presented for satellite-based communication systems. In the developed transmission technique the signals of the antennas are designed to be of constant amplitude, improving the robustness of the latter to the nonlinear distortions on satellite systems, introduced by the employed on-board Traveling-Wave-Tube-Amplifiers. We consider the forward link of a multi-beam broadband satellite system where the aim is to design the signals at the gateway such that the desired symbols are transmitted to the intended user terminals and the transmitted signals from the satellite terminal are of constant amplitude. At first, the gateway signals are designed given that a fixed on-board beamformer is applied to the satellite terminal. Then, the case of an adaptive on-board beamformer is considered which is designed jointly with the gateway signals. The design of the gateway signals and the adaptive on-board beamformer, in the second case, requires solving difficult nonconvex problems. Efficient algorithmic solutions are developed based on the saddle point method. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches is verified via numerical results.
GLI UNGULATI IN ITALIA: STATUS, GESTIONE E RICERCA SCIENTIFICA

Ungulates in Italy: status, management and scientific research. Ungulates in Italy have experienced in the last decade a further increase of their distribution and, pos- sibly, consistence. This trend has been very obvious in the central and northern part of Italy, on the contrary, in south Italy the increase of ungulates populations is quite slow if any. A partial exception is Sardinia where Sardinian red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus) has been reintroduced into the four provinces of the island. In this frame the relevance of the increa- se of ungulates for the increase of wolves (Canis lupus) in Italy must be emphasized. Ungulates management has also experienced a general development in the last decade, even if deep differences between south and central-north Italy still persist. Well conducted rein- troductions have allowed to fill many gaps in the species distribution. Ungulates hunting bags size, suggest an increased importance of ungulates in the hunting activities in Italy. Selective hunting with rifles on cervids and bovids was established in wide areas of north and central Italy, mainly as consequence of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) widespread pre- sence. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) hunting still represents a problem for ungulate management in Italy. Almost 50% of the provinces where wild boar is hunted does not collect hunting bag statistics, and only 35% of them try to roughly estimate the consistence of the populations. The traditional dogs hunting of wild boar has expanded to areas where wild boar was recently and illegally reintroduced, as south Italy and the Alps region, and this is a serious problem for the development of a more rational and correct hunting practices. New possibi- lities of hunting management of red deer in central Italy, and in the future of alpine ibex (Capra ibex), are to be considered. An increase of the presence of trained wildlife managers in public administrations is suggested, as a further step in the development of a proper mana- gement of ungulates and other wildlife. Scientific research on ungulates in Italy was, in the last decade, quite uneven both in the spe- cies and in the disciplines chosen. There is a clear opportunistic approach to subjects, that often has no link with the real necessities of wildlife management. The development of long term studies is suggested, together with a more efficient coordination among scientist in the choice of the research subjects. Last but not least a more efficient founding mechanisms is needed in order to avoid money waste and to promote serious research programmes.
Internet addiction and comorbid pyschiatric disorders in adolescents

Aim: Internet addiction (IA) has become an increasing problem in adolescents. However, there are few studies conducted in clinical samples and examined comorbid psychiatric disorders in adolescents with IA. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid psychiatric disorders in adolescents with IA and to compare them according to gender. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 adolescents aged 12-18 years. Participants with a Young Internet Addiction Scale score ≥ 50 were considered as internet addicts and were included in the study. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version was used to evaluate psychiatric disorders. Results: The study was completed with 40 male and 40 female adolescents with IA. The mean age of the participants was 14.7. 83.3% of participants use the internet every day and 46.7% of participants use the internet more than six hours a day. The mean YIAS score of the participants was 63.0. All participants met criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder. The most common comorbid psychiatric disorders were depressive disorder (37.5%), ADHD (26.2%) and anxiety disorders (23.8%). When comorbid psychiatric disorders were compared according to gender, it was found that ADHD was significantly higher in boys and depressive disorder was significantly higher in girls. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that adolescents with IA had a high rate of comorbid psychiatric disorders. Coexistence of addiction and psychiatric disorders has negative effects on the treatment of both addictions and psychiatric disorders. Therefore, all adolescents with IA should be evaluated for comorbid psychiatric disorders. Further studies are needed to explain the causal relationship between IA and psychiatric disorders.
Economic Effects of Coronavirus Outbreak (COVID-19) on the World Economy

This report discusses the economic impact of the Coronavirus/COVID-19 crisis across industries, and countries. It also provides estimates of the potential global economic costs of COVID-19, and the GDP growth of different countries. The current draft includes estimates for 30 countries, under different scenarios. The report shows the economic effects of outbreak are currently being underestimated, due to over-reliance on historical comparisons with SARS, or the 2008/2009 financial crisis. At the date of this report, the duration of the lockdown, as well as how the recovery will take place is still unknown. That is why several scenarios are used. In a mild scenario, GDP growth would take a hit, ranging from 3-6% depending on the country. As a result, in the sample of 30 countries covered, we would see a median decline in GDP in 2020 of -2.8%. In other scenarios, GDP can fall more than 10%, and in some countries, more than 15%. Service-oriented economies will be particularly negatively affected, and have more jobs at risk. Countries like Greece, Portugal, and Spain that are more reliant on tourism (more than 15% of GDP) will be more affected by this crisis. This current crisis is generating spillover effects throughout supply chains. Therefore, countries highly dependent on foreign trade are more negatively affected. The results suggest that on average, each additional month of crisis costs 2.5-3% of global GDP.
Comparison of Frequentist and Bayesian Meta-Analysis Models for Assessing the Efficacy of Decision Support Systems in Reducing Fungal Disease Incidence

Diseases of fruit and foliage caused by fungi and oomycetes are generally controlled by the application of fungicides. The use of decision support systems (DSSs) may assist to optimize fungicide programs to enhance application on the basis of risk associated with disease outbreak. Case-by-case evaluations demonstrated the performance of DSSs for disease control, but an overall assessment of the efficacy of DSSs is lacking. A literature review was conducted to synthesize the results of 67 experiments assessing DSSs. Disease incidence data were obtained from published peer-reviewed field trials comparing untreated controls, calendar-based and DSS-based fungicide programs. Two meta-analysis generic models, a “fixed-effects” vs. a “random-effects” model within the framework of generalized linear models were evaluated to assess the efficacy of DSSs in reducing incidence. All models were fit using both frequentist and Bayesian estimation procedures and the results compared. Model including random effects showed better performance in terms of AIC or DIC and goodness of fit. In general, the frequentist and Bayesian approaches produced similar results. Odds ratio and incidence ratio values showed that calendar-based and DSS-based fungicide programs considerably reduced disease incidence compared to the untreated control. Moreover, calendar-based and DSS-based programs provided similar reductions in disease incidence, further supporting the efficacy of DSSs.
If You Build It, Will Vets Come? An Identity Theory Approach to Expanding Veterans’ Treatment Court Participation

Veterans’ treatment courts (VTCs) provide a veteran-centric diversion option to traditional court case processing. These courts have proliferated across the United States without much consideration about whether veterans want, or need, a specialty court. In this article, we investigate the underlying importance of a veteran identity in the decision to enroll in a VTC. Based on in-depth qualitative interviews with veterans, we identify four primary implications for practitioners. First, veterans are ashamed of their criminal justice involvement. Second, they are concerned about increased punitiveness by criminal justice actors, particularly law enforcement, because of their veteran status. Third, veterans perceive the VTC process to bestow upon them stigma and retaliation. Fourth, veterans resist VTC involvement for fear of dishonoring their branch of service. To expand enrollment, results demonstrate that practitioners should consider how veterans reconcile their veteran and offender identities when considering VTC enrollment.
Design of an Aftermarket Hybridization Kit: Reducing Costs and Emissions Considering a Local Driving Cycle

For decades, drivers and fleet managers have been impacted by the instability of fuel prices, the need to save resources and the duty to meet and attain environmental regulations and certifications. Aiming to increase performance and efficiency and reduce emissions and mileage costs, plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs) have been pointed out as a viable option, but there are gaps related to tools that could improve the numerous existing conventional vehicles. This study presents the design of an aftermarket hybridization kit that converts a vehicle originally driven by a combustion engine into a PHEV. To achieve this goal, an optimization was conducted with the objective of decreasing the cost (regarding fuel consumption and battery charging) to perform a local driving cycle, while attenuating the tailpipe emissions and reducing the battery mass. The torque curves of the electric motors, the battery capacity, the parameters for a gear shifting strategy and the parameters for a power split control were the design variables in the optimization process. This study used the Campinas driving cycle, which was experimentally obtained in a real-world driving scenario. The use of a local driving cycle to tune the design variables of an aftermarket optimization kit is important to achieve a customized product according to the selling location. Among the optimum solutions, the best trade-off configuration was able to decrease the mileage cost in 22.55%, and reduce the tailpipe emissions by 28.4% CO, 33.55% NOx and 19.11% HC, with the addition of a 137 kg battery.
Surgical treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury (review)

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the key stabilizer of the knee joint, which prevents the anterior displacement of the tibia relative the femur and rotational instability of the knee joint. Proper understanding of its complex anatomy, function and biomechanics, mechanism and the type of ACL injury is of great importance in choosing a treatment strategy. Findings of clinical tests and imaging methods have a significant value in the diagnosis of anterior knee joint instability. Considering all the variety of currently existing techniques and implants for operative treatment of anterior knee instability, the clinicalpractitioner should make the right choice of a method or combination of methods for surgical ACL reconstruction in a specific patient, taking into account individual risks of gonarthrosis. The goal is to ensure knee joint stability with the least invasiveness to allow the patient to return to the preoperative level of physical activity as soon as possible.