Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SAR IMAGE SEGMENTATION WITH UNKNOWN NUMBER OF CLASSES COMBINED VORONOI TESSELLATION AND RJMCMC ALGORITHM

Abstract. This paper presents a novel segmentation method for automatically determining the number of classes in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images by combining Voronoi tessellation and Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) strategy. Instead of giving the number of classes a priori, it is considered as a random variable and subject to a Poisson distribution. Based on Voronoi tessellation, the image is divided into homogeneous polygons. By Bayesian paradigm, a posterior distribution which characterizes the segmentation and model parameters conditional on a given SAR image can be obtained up to a normalizing constant; Then, a Revisable Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo(RJMCMC) algorithm involving six move types is designed to simulate the posterior distribution, the move types including: splitting or merging real classes, updating parameter vector, updating label field, moving positions of generating points, birth or death of generating points and birth or death of an empty class. Experimental results with real and simulated SAR images demonstrate that the proposed method can determine the number of classes automatically and segment homogeneous regions well.
"YELLOW SPOT"—A NEW TRAIT OF GENTOO PENGUINS PYGOSCELIS PAPUA ELLSWORTHII IN ANTARCTICA

Colour patterns of terrestrial birds have been well studied, but relatively less is known about seabird coloration (Jones & Hunter 1993, Jouventin et al. 2005). Among the six genera belonging to family Spheniscidae, the genus Pygoscelis is the most widely distributed (Del Hoyo et al. 1992). Three species belong to Pygoscelis: Chinstrap P. antarctica, Gentoo P. papua and Adelie P. adeliae. Gentoo Penguins breed on sub-Antarctic islands and on the Antarctic Peninsula (Stonehouse 1970). There are two subspecies of Gentoo—P. p. papua, J.R. Forster, 1781 and P. p. ellsworthii, Murphy, 1947. P. p. papua is distributed in the sub-Antarctic up to 60°S, and P. p. ellsworthii inhabits the Antarctic from 60°S up to 65°S (Del Hoyo et al. 1992). Compared with P. p. papua, P. p. ellsworthii is of smaller size and bill proportion (Martinez 1992).
Preliminary scattering kernels for ethane and triphenylmethane at cryogenic temperatures

Two potential cold moderator materials were studied: ethane and triphenylmethane. The first one, ethane (C2 H6 ), is an organic compound which is very interesting from the neutronic point of view, in some respects better than liquid methane to produce subthermal neutrons, not only because it remains in liquid phase through a wider temperature range (Tf = 90.4 K, Tb = 184.6 K), but also because of its high protonic density together with its frequency spectrum with a low rotational energy band. Another material, Triphenylmethane is an hydrocarbon with formula C1 9H16 which has already been proposed as a good candidate for a cold moderator. Following one of the main research topics of the Neutron Physics Department of Centro Atomico Bariloche, we present here two ways to estimate the frequency spectrum which is needed to feed the NJOY nuclear data processing system in order to generate the scattering law of each desired material. For ethane, computer simulations of molecular dynamics were done, while for triphenylmethane existing experimental and calculated data were used to produce a new scattering kernel. With these models, cross section libraries were generated, and applied to neutron spectra calculation.
Contextual versus Inherent Properties of Entities in Space 

The relation between the locatum and the relatum of a spatial expression is asymmetric in two respects. The first asymmetry concerns the contextual properties of the two entities: it is assumed that the location of the locatum is less likely than the location of the relatum to be part of the common ground. The second asymmetry pertains to inherent properties: the relatum is more likely than the locatum to belong to a type of entities that occupy a fixed place in space. The aim of this paper is to inspect the interplay between contextual and inherent properties of entities with respect to their impact on the encoding of spatial relations. Based on elicited semi-spontaneous data from German, Greek, and Yucatec Maya, we argue that the inherent properties of entities that relate to their potential to occur in several locations have implications for the assumptions of the speaker about the common ground. As a consequence, the observable effects of these inherent properties and the effects of the context are reducible to a single concept of common-ground related assumptions.
VisSed Software as a tool in monitoring programs for benthic data interpretation

Caracterizacao do material dragado e monitoramento de areas de disposicao geraram uma grande quantidade de dados dificeis de interpretar devido a necessidade de compilacao e comparacao de um extenso numero de amostras de diferentes locais ao longo do tempo sob a influencia de varios parâmetros ambientais. Nosso objetivo e testar a viabilidade de VisSed como uma ferramenta para ajudar a interpretacao de dados bentonicos, consistindo de indices bioticos usuais na avaliacao da estrutura das Comunidades Bentonicas e variabilidade temporal. As caracteristicas exibidas pelo software VisSed, juntamente com a metodologia escolhida para a avaliacao da estrutura da comunidade bentica, fornecem uma representacao visual das alteracoes que sofreu ao longo do tempo e do espaco pelos indices (diversidade, regularidade, riqueza e abundância total dos individuos). Os exemplos aqui considerados apoiam a utilidade desta ferramenta em programas de monitoramento, realcando os padroes e tendencias de dados visuais, e direcionando o pesquisador para potenciais fatores determinantes. Tambem fornece bases para o processo de decisao por fazer tornar o processo de analise compreensivel tanto para profissionais especialistas como nao especialistas.
Integration of plasmonic nanostructures on waveguides

Due to the limited sensitivity of many currently used single particle analyzation methods for the investigation of biological nanoparticles, such as exosomes and virions, many suffer from a bias towards the larger size ranges while sub 90 nm particles are potentially disregarded or less accurately analyzed. The division of Biological Physics at Chalmers has for the last couple of years been developing and testing a novel way of doing label-free biosensing. The method is based on waveguide evanescent-light microscopy using a silica core enveloped in a symmetric organic cladding with a refractive index matching that of water, which increases the sensitivity by minimizing the stray light background and allows for the label-free detection of single nanoparticles. A protocol for the integration of plasmonic nanostructures on this waveguide was developed to investigate the potential of plasmon enhanced single-particle waveguide evanescent-light microscopy as a mean of unveiling the elusive nature of small biological nanoparticles. The well-established methods of colloidal and hole-mask colloidal lithography were used and adjusted to suit the specific requirements posed by the sensitive surface of the waveguide chip. A recipe for the integration is presented and a proof-of-concept experimental setup was used to analyze the potential of this platform as a biosensor. It was found that the coupling of single wavelength lasers and the subsequent observation of nanostructure intensity shifts is possible, but the desired high sensitivity and reliability requires the transition to very intensity stable and continuous light sources to allow for spectroscopy measurements to be carried out.
Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity Geary Lecture Spring 2010

Ladies and gentlemen, director, colleagues and friends: it is a great honour and a pleasure to be asked to deliver this year’s Geary lecture, coming, as it does, on the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI). Over the years many eminent economists and sociologists have given the Geary lecture, but I believe that I am one of the few who knew Roy Geary personally because we were colleagues here during the last few years of his life. Roy Geary was the most eminent Irish statistician of the 20th century. But during the short time in which I knew him he was less concerned with statistical problems and more with the social problems of contemporary Ireland. So I hope that the topic of my lecture is one that Roy would have found both intellectually interesting and of some practical relevance. For a large part of my professional life I have worked on social mobility and so it will come as no surprise that this is the topic of my talk. Recently, governments and political parties have discovered, or rediscovered, social mobility and in some cases they have made its promotion a central theme in
Measuring the relationship between equity and intellectual capital

Article history: Received July 28, 2013 Received in revised format 20 November 2013 Accepted 4 January 2014 Available online February 14 2014 Human resources play essential role on the success of many organizations and it is essential to learn more about the effects of human capital on the success of business units. This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between equity and intellectual capital among stocks listed on Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2001-2007. Using Pearson correlation test, the study selects a sample of 77 firms and investigates the relationship between equity and three components of intellectual capital, namely; human capital, structural capital and customer capital. The study has detected a positive and meaningful relationship between equity and all components of the survey (α = 5%). © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Control System Challenges from an Upgrade to the Diamond Light Source Storage Ring

In 2016 Diamond Light Source will replace one double bend achromatic cell of the storage ring (SR) with two double bend achromatic cells in the same longitudinal space. This will create an additional straight section for an insertion device (ID), thereby converting a bending magnet source point into an ID source point. Installation of the two new cells and recommissioning of the SR will take place in an eight week shutdown, with an expectation that post-shutdown operation will resume with a level of performance comparable to that pre-installation. The additional components in the two new cells necessitate a substantial reworking of the interface layer of control system, together with changes to all applications which are dependent on the physics parameters of the storage ring. This paper will describe how the control system aspects of this project will be managed.
A relaxation model of coronal heating in multiple interacting flux ropes

The authors wish to recognise funding from EPSRC through the Fusion Centre for Doctoral Training (Fusion-CDT - grant code: EP/K504178/1) through which this project is possible. Support from STFC for PKB and AWH is also acknowledged (grant numbers ST/L000768/1 and ST/N000609/1).
ANALYSIS OF ZR-6 EXPERIMENTS USING THE KARATE- 440 CODE SYSTEM UPGRADED BY ENDF/B-VI DATA

Extensive validation of nuclear libraries was performed against lattice experiments with the help of the MULTICELL lattice calculation code and the COREMICRO 2D fine diffusion code. New cross-section library set was developed for these codes based on the ENDF/B-VI nuclear database. These codes belong to the KARATE-440 code package which is used for the calculation of VVER-440 reactor cores. The ZR-6 zero power critical facility was used as experimental database, where a wide range of hexagonal lattices were investigated. In the first step single-pin-cell calculations were performed for uniform critical ZR-6 lattices, where the axial and radial leakage were taken into account by the measured material buckling. In this step beside of criticality some spectral indices were investigated too. In the second step 2D calculations were applied for all the experimental configurations, including different temperatures. The ∂ρ/∂H and ∂ρ/∂T coefficients were evaluated, too.
Homological Algebra for Diffeological Vector Spaces

Diffeological spaces are natural generalizations of smooth manifolds, introduced by J.M. ~Souriau and his mathematical group in the 1980's. Diffeological vector spaces (especially fine diffeological vector spaces) were first used by P. Iglesias-Zemmour to model some infinite dimensional spaces in~\cite{I1,I2}. K. ~Costello and O. ~Gwilliam developed homological algebra for differentiable diffeological vector spaces in Appendix A of their book~\cite{CG}. In this paper, we present homological algebra of general diffeological vector spaces via the projective objects with respect to all linear subductions, together with some applications in analysis.
Sequential Classification of Hyperspectral Images

Hyperspectral imaging has become increasingly popular in applications such as agriculture, food, and environment. Rich spectral information of hyperspectral images leads to new possibilities and new challenges in data processing. In this chapter, we consider the hyperspectral classification problems in consideration of sequential data collection, which is a frequent setting in industrial pushboom imaging systems. We present related techniques including data normalization, dimension reduction, classification, and spatial information integration and the way to accommodate these techniques to the context of sequential data collecting and processing. The propose scheme is validated with real data collected in our laboratory. The methodology of result assessment is also presented.
A Robust Estimation of the CAPM with a Heavy-tailed Distribution

This study quantitatively explores the linear standard capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and a non-linear CAPM by using ten US representative firms’ monthly stock returns. By the maximum likelihood estimation, we derive the following useful findings. (1) First, when the stock return distribution is fat-tailed, our non-linear CAPM application is highly effective. Because our non-linear CAPM parameters very well capture the behavior of fat-tailed returns, the non-linear CAPM estimation derives more reliable beta value estimates than the standard linear CAPM. (2) Second, conducting the Wald tests based on both the standard linear CAPM and non-linear CAPM estimators, we clarify that when the stock return distribution is fat-tailed, the Wald test result based on the non-linear CAPM estimators is more reliable than that based on the standard linear CAPM estimators.
Psychological Factors and Reference Potential of Market Mavens

The function of a market maven in the information transfer processes is apparently related to one’s psychological states such as inherent knowledge and involvement level. Understanding reference potential of mavens seems to be relevant to comprehend the implicit value of a maven in the communication process. This study shows that (1) apparently, maven groups can be clearly distinguished from a non-maven group on the basis on inherent personal knowledge level and involvement level; (2) market mavens have a high reference potential which confirmed their function in WOM-information.
Measurement of the Technology-Mediated E-Service Recovery Quality through Interactive Channels and the Effects on Intention to Value Co-Creation

Electronic Customer Relationship Management (e-CRM) is a strategic program that uses different technologies and interactive channels to create and maintain long-term relationships with customers. While operational and analytical aspects of e-CRM have been studied in some industries, few research has been done on collaborative e-CRM services especially its external aspect that emphasises on complaint management and e-service recovery. To fill this gap in the research, this study is the first attempt toward designing a scale to measure customers’ perception of e-service recovery quality and assessing the effect of this perceived quality on customer’s intention for future value co-creation and collaboration activities. This research will validate the measurement model empirically by gathering quantitative data from customers of e-banking in New Zealand.
Integration of Blended Learning in Teaching Computer Science in Moroccan High Schools

ICT is indispensable for the successful completion of studies. In Moroccan high schools, computing is taught for one year. Unfortunately, students have to wait until post high school if they want to continue their studies in computer science. In order to cope with the discontinuity of this training, we hereby propose a solution based on blended learning. The blended learning allows more effective use of classroom time and more flexibility for students. The principal aim of this paper is to adapt this method of teaching to the Moroccan education system. The online portion of our course can provide students with multimedia-rich content at any time of the day, from anywhere with internet access. Our proposition can reduce classroom time by 50% and can be used to engage students in advanced interactive activities. In this way, we can integrate ICT and teach computer science throughout the three years of secondary school.
INFORMATION CONTENT OF TRANSACTION VOLUME: THE HOUSING MARKET IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

According to search theory, transaction volume possesses the function of price discovery and reflects information more rapidly than price does. However, the findings of previous empirical studies differ considerably. In this study, a theoretical model is first established to analyze the potential information lag of transaction volume during pessimistic speculation. Data on the UK housing market are collected to conduct an empirical analysis of the responses of housing transaction volume to different market conditions. The results show that transaction volume responds to market information more quickly than does housing prices. However, under increasing market uncertainty, transaction volume lags four periods before reflecting the effect of the uncertainty. Moreover, this study performs a rolling window bootstrap Granger causality test, revealing that price leads volume during the period in which transaction volume fails to reflect an immediate rise in market uncertainty. An increase in market uncertainty reduces transaction volume. In addition, once transaction volume drops below a specific threshold, it loses its information content and price discovery function, extending the lead-lag gap with housing prices by two periods. The present study proposes a simple method for determining the informative-ness of housing transaction volume.
Informing Decisions and Policy : the national agricultural information system of Uruguay

Research and development efforts in developing countries are confronting two important challenges. Firstly, the push for increasing agricultural productivity in a sustainable basis, i.e., increase the output per unit area of land in ways that minimize damage to the environment and the natural resource base (i.e., achieve sustainable agricultural intensification). The second concern is the growing awareness that the restricted information flows between farmers, researchers, extension workers, policy makers, and agribusinesses is a serious impediment to achieve sustainable development. The difficulties raised by these concerns, coupled with the complexity of most Informing Decisions and Policy: the national agricultural information system of Uruguay
PERMAFROST-AFFECTED SOILS IN THE PANGNIRTUNG PASS AREA, BAFFIN ISLAND, CANADA

Soils were studied along Pangnirtung Pass on Cumberland Peninsula in the southeastern part of Baffin Island, N.W. T. The soils studied are dominantly Cryosols. They have developed on till, eolian, fluvial and colluvial materials, and have active layer depths between 60 and 150 cm. Turbic Cryosols have developed primarily on till. These soils (Orthic Dystric Turbic Cryosols and Regosolic Turbic Cryosols) are acidic and have a loamy sand texture. Static Cryosols (Orthic Dystric Static Cryosols, Regosolic Static Cryosols, Brunisolic Dystric Static Cryosols and Gleysolic Static Cryosols), which are found on different parent materials, are also acidic, and in most cases they have a sandy or coarse sandy texture. The deepest solum development is found in Brunisolic Dystric Static Cryosols developed on well-drained eolian materials. Gleysolic Static Cryosols have developed on poorly drained locations. In addition, small areas of Organic Cryosols occur in the northern part of Pangnirtung Pass.
Testing for Market Discipline in the Brazilian Banking Industry

This paper investigates the effectiveness of depositor discipline for the Brazilian banking industry. The study shows that depositors are able do discriminate between well and poorly managed banks. Evidence of market discipline is found, both via quantity (withdrawal of deposits) and prices (increases in interest rates). However, the former is more pronounced in crisis periods while the latter is more relevant in tranquil periods. Therefore, in crisis depositors discipline banks by withdrawing deposits while in non-crisis periods charging higher interest rates. The macroeconomic environment and systemic effects are shown to be important. Furthermore, the too big to fail hypothesis is also confirmed for the Brazilian economy.
Green Supply Chain Management Model for Sustainable Manufacturing Practices

The purpose of this chapter is to identify the dimensions of green supply chain and their impact on manufacturing practices. In this study, the authors used two extended strategies. First thorough review of literature was done considering articles from reputed journals. Second the factors identified from literature review was further refined through experts by forming a problem solving group consisting of seven experts from the manufacturing sector. These factors were used to develop the green supply chain management model using Interpretive structural modeling. Further MICMAC analysis was used to identify the driving and dependence power of the factors. The results of the analysis are very encouraging. Finally, the authors have presented the relationship management strategy for sustainable manufacturing practices. Surajit Bag Tega Industries South Africa Pty Ltd, South Africa Neeraj Anand University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India Krishan Kumar Pandey O.P. Jindal Global University, India Green Supply Chain Management Model for Sustainable Manufacturing Practices
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Ctivity of 3-(4-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)phenyl)-1-phenyl-5- (2-chlorophenyl) Pyrazoline (3) on E. coli in Mice

The in vivo antimicrobial activity of synthesized compound Pyrazoline 3-(4-(4-chlorobenzyloxy) phenyl)-1-phenyl-5-(2-chlorophenyl) pyrazoline (3) against E. coli ATCC25922 strain was investigated. E. coli ATCC25922 strain was inhibited at concentration of 400 :g/mL. Acute Toxicity of pyrasoline, cleared that all treated mice with 400 :g/mL increase the survival time, and no significant differences of mortality and behavior of animals within a week could be seen between pyrasoline treated group and control group. Twelve days after infection, all immunological indicators in the blood were increased for infected mice, while for infected and treated was the same as day seven. Sixteen days from infection all immunological parameters for infected mice were increased, while for infected and treated group was decreased. The remaining mice infected with bacteria alone died. Survival rate was observed in the group of mice infected and treated with tested chemical compound.