Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
W-Index: An Index for Evaluating Link Prediction considering Only the Role of Wins

With the emergence of numerous link prediction methods, how to accurately evaluate them and select the appropriate one has become a key problem that cannot be ignored. Since AUC was first used for link prediction evaluation in 2008, it is arguably the most preferred metric because it well balances the role of wins (the testing link has a higher score than the unobserved link) and the role of draws (they have the same score). However, in many cases, AUC does not show enough discrimination when evaluating link prediction methods, especially those based on local similarity. Hence, we propose a new metric, called W-index, which considers only the effect of wins rather than draws. Our extensive experiments on various networks show that the W-index makes the accuracy scores of link prediction methods more distinguishable, and it can not only widen the local gap of these methods but also enlarge their global distance. We further show the reliability of the W-index by ranking change analysis and correlation analysis. In particular, some community-based approaches, which have been deemed effective, do not show any advantages after our reevaluation. Our results suggest that the W-index is a promising metric for link prediction evaluation, capable of offering convincing discrimination.
Highly Crystalline Polyaniline Nanostructures Doped with Dicarboxylic Acids

Highly crystalline polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes and nanofibers ca. 80–170 nm in diameter are successfully prepared by a “micelle soft‐template” method in the presence of dicarboxylic acids dopants with different numbers (n) of –CH2– groups (n = 0–4). It is found that the diameter of the nanostructures increases on increasing the number of –CH2– groups in the dicarboxylic acids. The conductivity of the nanostructures increases as their diameters decrease, showing that size has an effect on conductivity. A narrow peak at 2θ = 6.50° is observed in the X‐ray diffraction pattern, indicating that the distance in the direction perpendicular to the polymer chain increases as the number of –CH2– groups increases.
Adaptive Variable Neighborhood Search-Based Supply Network Reconfiguration for Robustness Enhancement

Robustness of a supply network highly depends on its structure. Although structural design methods have been proposed to create supply networks with optimal robustness, a real-life supply network can be quite different from these optimal structural designs. Meanwhile, real cases such as Thailand floods and Tohoku earthquake demonstrate the vulnerability of supply networks in real life. Obviously, it is urgent to enhance the robustness of existing real-life supply networks. Thus, in this paper, a supply network reconfiguration method based on adaptive variable neighborhood search (AVNS) is proposed to enhance the structural robustness of supply networks facing both random and target disruptions. Firstly, a supply network model considering the heterogeneous roles of entities is introduced. Based on the model, two robustness metrics, Rr and Rt, are proposed to describe the tolerance of supply networks facing random and target disruptions, respectively. Then, the problem of reconfiguration-based supply network robustness enhancement is described. To solve the problem effectively and efficiently, a new heuristic based on general variable neighborhood search, namely, AVNS, is proposed. Finally, a case study based on three real-life supply networks is presented to verify the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed robustness enhancing method.
Synthese des kristallinen D‐Glucose‐anhydrids‐α .β

Die 2.3. 6-Tri-O-benzyl-D- (1) wird uber ihr α-1-Chlor-Derivat 2in die 2.3. 6-Tri-O-benzyl-1-fluor-β-D-glucose- (3) ubergefuhrt. Diese wird mit Alkali zum 2.3. 6-Tri-O-benzyl-D-glucosan-α . β (4) umgewandelt und letzteres durch katalytisch hydrierende Abspaltung der Benzylather-Gruppen in das kristalline D-Glucosan-α . β (5) ubergefuhrt. Synthesis of Crystalline α(1,4)-Anhydro-β-D-glucose 2,3,6-Tri-O-benzyl-D- (1) is transformed into 2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl-1-fluoro-β-D-glucose- (3) via its α-1-chloro derivative 2. Compound 3is treated with alkali to give 2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl-D-glucosan-α ,β (4) which is transformed into crystalline D-glucosan- ,β (5) by catalytic hydrogenolysis of the benzyl ether groups.
Analytical techniques for single-liposome characterization

Liposomes or phospholipid vesicles are one of the most versatile nanoparticles used to convey drugs, vaccines, genes, enzymes, or other substances to target cells and as a model to mimic biological membranes. To fulfil their roles in drug delivery and biotechnology, the physical and chemical properties of liposomes, such as size, shape, chemical composition, lamellarity, encapsulation efficiency of cargo molecules, and the density of proteins reconstituted in the membrane, need to be characterized to ensure reproducible preparation of the vesicles. Compared to bulk analysis, techniques focusing on the individual analysis of liposomes can reveal heterogeneity that is otherwise masked by ensemble averaging. Herein, we review the recent advances in techniques for single-liposome characterization.
A Modified Reverse‐Phase HPLC Method for the Analysis of Mexiletine Hydrochloride

Abstract Mexiletine hydrochloride is an orally active class I antiarrythmic agent. The purpose of this work is to develop a sensitive, selective, and stability indicating reverse phase HPLC assay for the quality control analysis and stability testing of mexiletine hydrochloride dosage forms. The method was developed to quantify the drug for various formulations. Analysis was carried out on a 4 mm × 150 mm C‐18 microsorb column, using a 50:50 methanol:0.053 M sodium acetate buffer. The pH of the mobile phase was adjusted to 4.8. The flow rate was set at 1 mL/min and the analysis was carried out at 254 nm. The internal standard used in the analysis was thiamine hydrochloride. The drug eluted at about 8 min, while the internal standard eluted at about 3 min. The stability of the assay was studied by subjecting the drug to extreme pH conditions. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) were found to be 0.06 µg and 0.02 µg, respectively. The reproducibility of the method was tested by carrying out multiple injections on the same day, as well as, on five consecutive days. The coefficient of variation for the intra‐day and inter‐day studies was found to be 0.81% and 1.47%, respectively.
Convergence of mobile broadband and broadcast services: A cognitive radio sensing and sharing perspective

With next generation networks driving the confluence of multi-media, broadband, and broadcast services, Cognitive Radio (CR) networks are positioned as a preferred paradigm to address spectrum capacity challenges. CRs address these issues through dynamic spectrum access. However, the main challenges faced by the CR pertain to achieving spectrum efficiency. As a result, spectrum efficiency improvement models based on spectrum sensing and sharing models have attracted a lot of research attention in recent years, including CR learning models, network densification architectures, and massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and beamforming techniques. This paper provides a survey of recent CR spectrum efficiency improvement models and techniques, developed to support ultra-reliable low latency communications that are resilient to surges in traffic and competition for spectrum. These models and techniques, broadly speaking, enable a wide range of functionality ranging from enhanced mobile broadband to large scale Internet of Things (IoT) type communications. In addition and given the strong correlation between the typical size of a spectrum block and the achievable data rate, the models studied in this paper are applicable in ultra-high frequency band. This study therefore provides a good review of CRs and direction for future investigations into newly identified 5G research areas, applicable in industry and in academia.
Effect of non-protein factors on heat stability of Chilean Sauvignon Blanc wines

Protein denaturation in white wines results into a hazy suspension with precipitate formation, affecting negatively their commercialization. The aim of this study was to identify a number of non-protein factors of wines, which exhibit a modulating effect upon haze formation and interfere with protein precipitation in white wines, applying stepwise multiple regression analysis. The influence of intrinsic non-protein factors, including surface and groundwater quality, on protein haze formation assessed by the heat test was studied. Experiments were performed on 18 Sauvignon Blanc wines from six Chilean valleys. The influence of non-protein factors (pH, electrical conductivity [EC], total and volatile acidity, alcohol, free and total sulfur dioxide, total polyphenols, and chloride, sulfate, K, Na, Ca, Mg, and Fe concentrations) on haze response was evaluated by means of multiple regression analysis. Significant contribution (p < 0.05) of EC, sulfate and Fe concentrations to protein haze was found. Due to multi-collinearity between sulfate and Fe concentrations, the multi-linear model of haze response was reduced to: Haze = -184 + 2.95 x [Protein] - 62.3 x [Fe] + 0.17 x EC (ra = 0.901). Electric conductivities of wine and surface water were correlated (p = 0.037); good correlations were also found between sulfate concentrations in wine and surface water (p = 0.003), and groundwater (p = 0.022). No correlation was detected for Fe. This study elucidates that protein haze formation in white wine is a multi-factorial process. Iron, EC, and sulfate, in addition to protein itself, have to be considered as factors that modulate wine protein hazing.
α-Crystalline polyantimonic acid - an adsorbent for radiostrontium, and a potential primary barrier in waste repositories

Dynamic adsorption of radiostrontium was studied on α-crystalline polyantimonic acid grains from aqueous solutions containing common components of liquid radioactive wastes - salts and chelating agents at moderate concentrations. Effective decontamination of the neutral solutions has been achieved, in the amounts of a few thousand bed volumes, depending on the flow rate through the column. After encapsulation in the matrix of Portland cement, the loaded adsorbent can serve as an effective primary barrier in nuclear waste repositories.
Factor Structure of the Jordan Performance Appraisal System:Â A Multilevel Multigroup Study Using Categorical and Count Data

Factor Structure of the Jordan Performance Appraisal System: A Multilevel Multigroup Study Using Categorical and Count Data Holly Lee Allen Educational Inquiry, Measurement, and Evaluation, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Development of the Jordan Performance Appraisal System (JPAS) was completed in 1996. This study examined the factor structure of the classroom observation instrument used in the JPAS. Using observed classroom instructional quality ratings of 1220 elementary teachers of Grades 1-6 in the Jordan School District, this study estimated the factor structure of the data and the rater effect on relevant structural parameters. This study also tested for measurement invariance at the within and between levels across teachers of two grade-level groups (a) lower grades: Grades 1-3 and (b) upper grades: Grades 4-6. Factor structure was estimated using complex exploratory factor analysis (EFA) conducted on a subset of the original data. The analysis provided evidence of a three-factor model for the combined groups. The results of multiple confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) conducted using a different subset of the data crossvalidated EFA results. Results from multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) indicated the three-factor model fit best at both the within and the between levels, and that the intraclass correlation (ICC) was high (.699), indicating significant rater-level variance. Results from a multilevel multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MLMG-CFA) indicated that the ICC was not significantly different between groups. Results also indicated configural, metric (weak factorial), and scalar (strong factorial) equivalence between groups. This study provided one of the first examples of how to estimate the impact of cluster-level variables such as rater on grouping variables nested at the within level. It provided an example of how to conduct a multilevel multigroup analysis on count data. It also disproved the assumption that counting classroom teaching behaviors was less subjective than using a categorical rating scale. These results will provide substantial information for future developments made to the classroom observation instrument used in the JPAS.
PENGARUH PERENCANAAN PAJAK, KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PRAKTIK MANAJEMEN LABA

This study aims to determine the effect of tax planning, managerial ownership and company size on earnings management in the manufacturing companies of the automotive sub sector and components listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Sampling in this study uses purposive sampling, namely the determination of samples based on certain criteria, the sample used is 4 (four) automotive sub sector manufacturing companies and components that have met the specified criteria. The results of this study indicate that partially tax planning has a positive and not significant effect on earnings management while managerial ownership and company size have a positive and significant effect on earnings management. However, simultaneous tax planning, managerial ownership and firm size have a positive and significant effect on earnings management. From the results of this study, researchers provide some suggestions for further research to get better results because the results obtained by researchers are still lacking and further research needs to be done.
DELOVNI ZVEZKI BANKE SLOVENIJE BANK OF SLOVENIA WORKING PAPERS

This paper analyses the dynamic effects of fiscal policy on macroeconomic developments in Slovenia. Although there is a substantial volume of work examining the effects of fiscal policy internationally, there are no such estimates for Slovenia. In this study, we follow the structural VAR approach of Blanchard and Perotti (2002). It relies on institutional information about the tax and transfer systems and the timing of tax collection to identify the automatic response of taxes and spending to economic activity as well as to infer fiscal shocks. The main finding of this paper is that positive government spending shocks in Slovenia point towards an immediate positive effect on output, private consumption and investment. The effect becomes insignificant in the period following the shock. On the other hand, positive tax shocks indicate a negative effect on GDP, private consumption and investment in the period of a shock. The effect again becomes statistically insignificant afterwards. Taking the above facts into account, one-off changes in government spending and taxes in Slovenia appear to be short-lived and can not be used to support economic activity.
IMPACT ON WHÄNAU WELLBEING OF TRANSFER TO SECONDARY OR TERTIARY HOSPITALS AFTER A DISRUPTION TO THE BIRTHING JOURNEY

This article explores the impact on whänau wellbeing following wähine being transferred to either secondary or tertiary care hospitals to receive health care for themselves or their baby during the birthing journey. It was found that throughout this process, the wähine and whänau faced a series of challenges that compromised their wellbeing. Feeling isolated from their home, support networks and baby, and not fulfilling their motherhood expectations were major challenges. Three solutions are suggested that may encourage the delivery of culturally responsive care in this context: building environments that provide a sense of whanaungatanga with the people and space, allowing greater whänau participation in the cares of their baby and respecting the voices of whänau by engaging in meaningful conversations with them. Ensuring these changes are made may lessen the challenges encountered by wähine and whänau, and support flourishing wellbeing.
An optimal system of group-invariant solutions and conserved quantities of a nonlinear fifth-order integrable equation

Abstract In this work, we perform Lie group analysis on a fifth-order integrable nonlinear partial differential equation, which was recently introduced in the literature and contains two dispersive terms. We determine a one-parameter group of transformations, an optimal system of group invariant solutions, and derive the corresponding analytic solutions. Topological kink, periodic and power series solutions are obtained. The existence of a variational principle for the underlying equation is proven using Helmholtz conditions and, thereafter, both local and nonlocal conserved quantities are obtained by utilising Noether’s theorem and a homotopy integral approach.
Levels of Self-Monitoring , Self-Expression and Selfie behavior among selected Filipino Youth

The study explores the relationship between the self-monitoring behavior and self-expressiveness on the selfie behavior among Filipino youth. Quantitative, specifically correlational design was used as research method and several survey scales were disseminated using purposive sampling on selected youth aged 16-18 years old. There were (n=160) participants, (n=115) female and (n=45) male. The result shows a significant relationship with the level of r value =. 540 between self-monitoring behavior and selfie behavior. Findings, further found out that there is a significant relationship but, comparably weaker relationship between the selfie behavior and self-expressiveness as implied by an r value of . 376. It is an indication that belongingness and appropriateness are most likely two among the many possible predictors of selfie behavior among selected Filipino youth. The study concludes that self-monitoring behavior influences selfie behavior of the respondents and at the same time consider selfie as freedom to self-express.
Spectral Distribution of Light Scattered from Flexible-Coil Macromolecules

The spectral distribution of light scattered from monodisperse, infinitely dilute solutions of optically isotropic, flexible‐coil macromolecules in the free‐draining approximation of the pearl‐necklace model is related to the macromolecular translational diffusion coefficient D and the set of intramolecular relaxation times, τk. The spectral distribution for scattering parameter x 3 (large scattering angle and molecules with end‐to‐end distance ≳1000 A), additional Lorentzian terms each with half‐width dependent on D and some of the τk become important in the equations for the scattered spectral density. At x = 3, these terms are 15% of the total integrated scattered intensity. They rise to 50% at x = 7. Although the resultant line shape is complex, it is shown that the dominant contribution to this “intramolecular” spectral density comes from terms con.
pH and chloride recordings in living cells using two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy

Today fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has become an extremely powerful technique in life sciences. The independency of the fluorescence decay time on fluorescence dye concentration and emission intensity circumvents many artefacts arising from intensity based measurements. To minimize cell damage and improve scan depth, a combination with two-photon (2P) excitation is quite promising. Here, we describe the implementation of a 2P-FLIM setup for biological applications. For that we used a commercial fluorescence lifetime microscope system. 2P-excitation at 780nm was achieved by a non-tuneable, but inexpensive and easily manageable mode-locked fs-fiber laser. Time-resolved fluorescence image acquisition was performed by objective-scanning with the reversed time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technique. We analyzed the suitability of the pH-sensitive dye BCECF and the chloride-sensitive dye MQAE for recordings in an insect tissue. Both parameters are quite important, since they affect a plethora of physiological processes in living tissues. We performed a straight forward in situ calibration method to link the fluorescence decay time with the respective ion concentration and carried out spatially resolved measurements under resting conditions. BCECF still offered only a limited dynamic range regarding fluorescence decay time changes under physiologically pH values. However, MQAE proofed to be well suited to record chloride concentrations in the physiologically relevant range. Subsequently, several chloride transport pathways underlying the intracellular chloride homeostasis were investigated pharmacologically. In conclusion, 2P-FLIM is well suited for ion detection in living tissues due to precise and reproducible decay time measurements in combination with reduced cell and dye damages.
Influence of Cu underlayer on the high-frequency magnetic characteristics of as-sputtered FeCoSiN granular thin films

In this work, we investigate the influence of Cu underlayers on the magnetic properties of as-sputtered FeCoSiN thin films. Different from their traditional improvement in the static magnetic properties of sputtered films, Cu underlayers are found to have a significant influence on the dynamic magnetic properties of as-sputtered FeCoSiN thin film at high frequencies. The permeability spectra and the analyses based on the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation show that the damping coefficient in the magnetization dynamics significantly increases with the underlayer's thickness, and thus the resonant frequency linewidth increases. The extent of increase shows that using the Cu underlayer is an effective method for tuning the damping in the magnetization dynamics of granular thin films. The increase in the damping coefficient is suggested to be related to the release of the film's stress by the underlayer.
Polariton panorama

Abstract In this brief review, we summarize and elaborate on some of the nomenclature of polaritonic phenomena and systems as they appear in the literature on quantum materials and quantum optics. Our summary includes at least 70 different types of polaritonic light–matter dressing effects. This summary also unravels a broad panorama of the physics and applications of polaritons. A constantly updated version of this review is available at https://infrared.cni. columbia.edu.
Adsorption of oxidizing gases on multiwalled carbon nanotubes

In this article, we have reported the dependence of electrical conductance on the presence of structural defects and of molecular-oxygen adsorbates in carbon nanotube thin films for NO2 detection. Our results show that an oxygen contaminant may be responsible for the reported sensitivity to NO2. Experimental results indicate that the adsorption and the uptake of the oxidizing gas are more likely to occur as a result of the interaction between the O2 molecule and defective sites in the hexagonal network of the nanotubes. Experimental findings demonstrate that nanotubes could be used as sensitive chemical gas sensors and likewise indicate that the intrinsic properties measured on as grown nanotubes may be changed by extrinsic oxidative effects.
Evidence-Based Critical Care: A Case Study Approach

This is the premier evidence-based textbook in critical care medicine. The Third Edition features updated and revised chapters, numerous new references, streamlined content, and new chapters on key topics such as the new paradigm in critical care medicine, cardiac output monitoring, surgical optimization, vital signs, and arterial blood gas analysis. The book maintains the author’s trademark humor and engaging writing style and is suitable for a broad and diverse audience of medical students, residents, fellows, physicians, nurses, and respiratory therapists who seek the latest and best evidence in critical care.