Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Descriptions of loss and resilience among fathers paying child support

Abstract In thispaper, I present qualitative data on the ways in which 28 fathers contextualise their payment of child support in their relationships with their ex-partners, children and the Child Support Agency (CSA). Fathers described their experience in terms of either loss or resilience. Those in the loss category positioned themselves as victims of their ex-partner’s use of the CSA. They understood their child support obligations as illustrative of broader processes of silencing and disempowerment, whereby their identities and practices as fathers were ignored. Those men who talked about their experiences in terms of resilience shared accounts of post-separation parenting that took place beyond the surveillance of the CSA, with parents focused on the best interests of their children. They did not experience a threat to their fathering choices or identities. The findings highlight the importance of gendered and expressive dimensions of child support.
REVIEW ON MULTILEVEL INVERTER BASED THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES

High power induction motor drives using classical three-phase converters have the disadvantage of poor voltage and current qualities. To improve these values, the switching frequency has to be raised which causes additional switching losses. Another possibility is to put a motor input filter between the converter and motor, which causes additional weight. A further inconvenience is the limited voltage that can be applied to the induction motor determined by the blocking voltage of the semiconductor switches. For high power semiconductors, the switching frequency is limited by the maximal power loss. Traditional two level high frequency pulse width modulation inverters for motor drives have several problems associated with their high frequency switching which produce common mode voltage and high voltage changes dV/dt rates to motor winding. Multilevel inverter solve this problems because their devices switch at much lower frequency. Two different topology for multilevel inverter was identified for use as a converter for electric drives, a cascade inverter with dc drive and back to back diode clap inverter. In this paper different techniques was presented for controlling three phase induction motor using three phase multilevel inverter circuit technologies. This study will be useful in future for students and researcher in the field of electric drive controlling.
Do Males and Females Differ in Recovering from PTSD Symptoms

Objective: The present study focuses on the effectiveness of problem-solving training program on female and male PTSD survivors of Bam earthquake in Iran. Method: Female and male subjects were requested to fill in several questionnaires including clinical interview, coping skills questionnaire, and a demographic form. The subjects also participated in a problem-solving training program. Results: The results showed that the training program was effective for both sex groups. The sex groups did not show significant differences on PTSD symptoms in the post-test phase. Females tended to maintain their emotionfocused skills in post-test phase while the males did not. However, for both groups the mean scores of problem coping skills similarity increased. Although the mean scores of some PTSD symptoms were increased for the female group, the majority of PTSD symptoms decreased for both sexes in the posttest phase. Conclusion: It may be concluded that females are more likely to show PTSD symptoms than males. In addition, they may predispose to maintain negative attitudes towards life events than males.
Yeniden Gözden Geçirme: Pozitif Psikoterapi ve Gelişimsel Rehberlik Bağlaminda Ergenler İçin Amaçlari Genişletme Programi*

The aim of this study is improving an educational program about extending the goals of adolescents.The first step, scale development study was made. At second step, the one group pretest-posttest design was made. Process: The study was conducted within eight periods. Each session took 45 minutes. 1st Session: Pretest was made. Then theoritical explanation was made by the counselor, and an assigment which was about interviewing with the older adults was given to adolesecents. 2nd Session: The assigment was discussed. Then the assigment which was aobut the making lifelong goals, which were about the four life areas, was given. 3rd Session: The assigment was discussed. Then adolescents presented their goals in the classroom. 4th Session: Pain and Pleasure activity were made. 5th Session: “Letter of Death” activity was made. 6th Session: “Hope activity” was made. 7th Session: The post-test were made at this session. 8th Session: Their improvement were displayed them. As a result, the program was useful for adolescents. In the future this program could be used in making goals for adolescents.
Unusual Prenylated Stilbene Derivatives with PTP1B Inhibitory Activity from Artocarpus styracifolius

Abstract In an effort to identify agents from natural products that inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), 5 new prenylated stilbenes, (±)-styrastilbene A (1), styrastilbene B (2), and (±)-styrastilbenes C – E (3, 4, and 7), along with 4 known structurally related compounds (5, 6, 8, and 9), were isolated from the roots of Artocarpus styracifolius. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR). Based on these isolates, a new plausible biosynthetic pathway for the unusual stilbene derivatives 3–8 with a tetracyclic ring system is proposed. Among these compounds, 1–3, 8, and 9 displayed significant PTP1B inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 2.40 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.21 – 2.59) to 8.80 (95% CI: 8.28 – 9.32) µM. Moreover, kinetic analysis and molecular docking simulations were performed to provide insight into the inhibition type as well as the interaction and binding mode of these active isolates with PTP1B. Our results revealed mixed-type PTP1B inhibition for all compounds tested. Docking simulations of these stilbene derivatives showed negative binding energies and close proximity to residues at the allosteric and catalytic sites of PTP1B. These findings suggest that these compounds may have a potential to be further developed as agents for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Complex-Valued Disparity: Unified Depth Model of Depth from Stereo, Depth from Focus, and Depth from Defocus Based on the Light Field Gradient

This paper proposes a unified depth model based on the light field gradient, in which estimated disparity is represented by the complex number. The complex-valued disparity by the proposed depth model can be represented in both the Cartesian and polar coordinates. In the Cartesian representation, the proposed depth model is represented by real and imaginary parts of the disparity. The real part can be used for disparity estimation with respect to the in-focus plane, whereas the imaginary part represents the non-Lambertian-ness. In the polar representation, the proposed depth model is expressed by the disparity magnitude and disparity angle. The disparity magnitude shows the relationship among depth from stereo, depth from focus, and depth from defocus, whereas the disparity angle shows whether or not the bundles of rays are flipped with respect to the in-focus plane. For disparity analysis, we present the real response, imaginary response, magnitude response, and angle response, which are represented by the three-dimensional volume. Experimental results on synthetic and real light field images show that the real and magnitude responses of the proposed depth model are valid for local disparity estimation.
Spatial Distribution of Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccoidea) in the Root System of Pruned and Non-pruned Coffea arabica Trees

Abstract Root mealybugs are important pests of coffee in many parts of the world. Despite the importance of these insects very little is known about their biology, ecology, and coffee susceptibility at different developmental stages.This study determined the effects of coffee tree pruning on root biomass, the number and within-plant spatial distribution of root-associated mealybugs, and weed-mealybug associations near coffee root systems. We made destructive root sampling of pruned and non-pruned coffee trees every 3 mo during the first-year post-pruning. In each sampling, we quantified coffee root biomass, and the number and spatial distribution of mealybug genera. Mealybugs feeding on weed roots were sampled every 2 wk for the duration of 10 wk.We identified the mealybug genera Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Putoidae), Dysmicoccus Ferris (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), RipersiellaTins ley (Hemiptera: Rhizoecidae), Rhizoecus Künckel (Hemiptera: Rhizoecidae), and Geococcus Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with coffee roots. Species from Puto and Ripersiella were the most abundant representing 91% of the total mealybugs found in non-pruned trees, and 75% of the ones found in pruned trees. Coffee tree pruning reduced root biomass by 60% and mealybug numbers during the first 9 mo post-pruning. Mealybugs associated with a variety of weeds growing near coffee roots increased their number during the first 6 wk after coffee pruning. Our results suggest that coffee tree pruning causes a high percentage of root death, which correlates with a decrease of root-associated mealybugs that probably migrate to weed roots.This study provides basic information for designing mealybug control strategies in pruned coffee trees.
P-cadherin-induced decorin secretion is required for collagen fiber alignment and directional collective cell migration

ABSTRACT Directional collective cell migration (DCCM) is crucial for morphogenesis and cancer metastasis. P-cadherin (also known as CDH3), which is a cell–cell adhesion protein expressed in carcinoma and aggressive sarcoma cells and associated with poor prognosis, is a major DCCM regulator. However, it is unclear how P-cadherin-mediated mechanical coupling between migrating cells influences force transmission to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we found that decorin, a small proteoglycan that binds to and organizes collagen fibers, is specifically expressed and secreted upon P-cadherin, but not E- and R-cadherin (also known as CDH1 and CDH4, respectively) expression. Through cell biological and biophysical approaches, we demonstrated that decorin is required for P-cadherin-mediated DCCM and collagen fiber orientation in the migration direction in 2D and 3D matrices. Moreover, P-cadherin, through decorin-mediated collagen fiber reorientation, promotes the activation of β1 integrin and of the β-Pix (ARHGEF7)/CDC42 axis, which increases traction forces, allowing DCCM. Our results identify a novel P-cadherin-mediated mechanism to promote DCCM through ECM remodeling and ECM-guided cell migration. Highlighted Article: P-cadherin-induced decorin expression allows collagen fiber alignment and subsequent activation of the β-PIX/Cdc42 axis to promote directional collective cell migration.
Deficits of white matter axial diffusivity in bipolar disorder relative to major depressive disorder: No relationship to cerebral perfusion or body mass index

To compare white matter integrity (WMI) in bipolar disorder (BD) relative to healthy volunteers (HVs) and major depressive disorder (MDD). To determine the relationship of bipolar‐specific differences in WMI to cerebral perfusion, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure as indices of cardiovascular function.
Bayesian calibration of a growth-dependent tree mortality model to simulate the dynamics of European temperate forests.

Dynamic vegetation models (DVMs) are important tools to understand and predict the functioning and dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems under changing environmental conditions. In these models, uncertainty in the description of demographic processes, in particular tree mortality, is a persistent problem. Current mortality formulations lack realism and are insufficiently constrained by empirical evidence. It has been suggested that empirically estimated mortality submodels would enhance DVM performance, but due to the many processes and interactions within a DVM, the claim has rarely been tested.Here, we compare the performance of three alternative growth-dependent tree mortality submodels in the DVM ForClim: (1) a mortality function with theoretical foundation (ForClim v3.3); (2) a mortality function with parameters directly estimated based on forest inventory data; and (3) the same function, but with parameters estimated using an inverse approach through Bayesian calibration (BC). Time series of inventory data from 30 ecologically distinct Swiss natural forest reserves collected over 35+ years, including the main tree species of Central Europe, were used for the calibration and subsequent validation of the mortality functions and the DVM.The recalibration resulted in mortality parameters that differed from the direct empirical estimates, particularly for the relationship between tree size and mortality. The calibrated parameters outperformed the direct estimates, and to a lesser extent the original mortality function, for predicting decadal-scale forest dynamics at both calibration and validation sites. The same pattern was observed regarding the plausibility of their long-term projections under contrasting environmental conditions. Our results demonstrate that inverse calibration may be useful even when direct empirical estimates of DVM parameters are available, as structural model deficiencies or data problems can result in discrepancies between direct and inverse estimates. Thus, we interpret the good performance of the inversely calibrated model for long-term projections (which were not a calibration target) as evidence that the calibration did not compensate for model errors. Rather, we surmise that the discrepancy was mainly caused by a lack of representativeness of the mortality data. Our results underline the potential for learning more about elusive processes, such as tree mortality or recruitment, through data integration in DVMs.
Phoenixmap: An Abstract Approach to Visualize 2D Spatial Distributions

The multidimensional nature of spatial data poses a challenge for visualization. In this paper, we introduce <italic>Phoenixmap</italic>, a simple abstract visualization method to address the issue of visualizing multiple spatial distributions at once. The <italic>Phoenixmap</italic> approach starts by identifying the enclosed outline of the point collection, then assigns different widths to outline segments according to the segments’ corresponding inside regions. Thus, one 2D distribution is represented as an outline with varied thicknesses. <italic>Phoenixmap</italic> is capable of overlaying multiple outlines and comparing them across categories of objects in a 2D space. We chose <italic>heatmap</italic> as a benchmark spatial visualization method and conducted user studies to compare performances among <italic>Phoenixmap</italic>, <italic>heatmap</italic>, and <italic>dot distribution map</italic>. Based on the analysis and participant feedback, we demonstrate that <italic>Phoenixmap</italic> 1) allows users to perceive and compare spatial distribution data efficiently; 2) frees up graphics space with a concise form that can provide visualization design possibilities like overlapping; and 3) provides a good quantitative perceptual estimating capability given the proper legends. Finally, we discuss several possible applications of <italic>Phoenixmap</italic> and present one visualization of multiple species of birds’ active regions in a nature preserve.
Mediators of a Physical Activity Intervention on Cognition in Breast Cancer Survivors: Evidence From a Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Emerging research suggests that increasing physical activity can help improve cognition among breast cancer survivors. However, little is known about the mechanism through which physical activity impacts cancer survivors’ cognition. Objective The objective of this secondary analysis examined physical and psychological function potentially linking physical activity with changes in cognition among breast cancer survivors in a randomized controlled trial where the exercise arm had greater improvements in cognition than the control arm. Methods A total of 87 sedentary breast cancer survivors were randomized to a 12-week physical activity intervention (n=43) or control condition (n=44). Objectively measured processing speed (National Institutes of Health Toolbox Oral Symbol Digit), self-reported cognition (patient-reported outcomes measurement information system [PROMIS] cognitive abilities), PROMIS measures of physical and psychological function (depression, anxiety, fatigue, and physical functioning), and plasma biomarkers (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, homeostatic model assessment 2 of insulin resistance, and C-reactive protein [CRP]) were collected at baseline and 12 weeks. Linear mixed-effects models tested intervention effects on changes in physical and psychological function variables and biomarkers. Bootstrapping was used to assess mediation. Exploratory analyses examined self-reported cognitive abilities and processing speed as mediators of the intervention effect on physical functioning. Results Participants in the exercise arm had significantly greater improvements in physical functioning (beta=1.23; 95% CI 2.42 to 0.03; P=.049) and reductions in anxiety (beta=−1.50; 95% CI −0.07 to −2.94; P=.04) than those in the control arm. Anxiety significantly mediated the intervention effect on cognitive abilities (bootstrap 95% CI −1.96 to −0.06), whereas physical functioning did not (bootstrap 95% CI −1.12 to 0.10). Neither anxiety (bootstrap 95% CI −1.18 to 0.74) nor physical functioning (bootstrap 95% CI −2.34 to 0.15) mediated the intervention effect on processing speed. Of the biomarkers, only CRP had greater changes in the exercise arm than the control arm (beta=.253; 95% CI −0.04 to 0.57; P=.09), but CRP was not associated with cognition; therefore, none of the biomarker measures mediated the intervention effect on cognition. Neither cognitive abilities (bootstrap 95% CI −0.06 to 0.68) nor processing speed (bootstrap 95% CI −0.15 to 0.63) mediated the intervention effect on physical function. Conclusions Physical activity interventions may improve self-reported cognition by decreasing anxiety. If supported by larger studies, reducing anxiety may be an important target for improving self-reported cognition among cancer survivors. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02332876; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02332876
NiCo2S4 nanosheet grafted SiO2@C core-shelled spheres as a novel electrode for high performance supercapacitors

A high-performance supercapacitor electrode NiCo2S4 (NCS) nanosheet on SiO2@C core-shell nanospheres (SiO2@C-NCS nanocomposite) is prepared via simple an effective solution-based method. Benefiting from compositional and structural advantages, the as-prepared SiO2@C-NCS nanocomposite exhibits a high specific capacitance (625 F g−1 at 1 mA cm−2) and a stable cycling performance. An asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) assembled with SiO2@C-NCS nanocomposite as a positive electrode and carbon nanotube paper as a negative electrode in aqueous KOH solution demonstrated a high energy density of 16 Wh kg−1 at an ultra-high specific power of 7200 W kg−1. These promising results suggest the possible application of mixed transition metal sulfides-based composites as advanced electrode materials for high-performance ASCs.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry and magneto-optical Kerr effect spectroscopy study of thermally treated Co60Fe20B20 thin films

We report the optical and magneto-optical properties of amorphous and crystalline Co60Fe20B20 films with thicknesses in the range of 10 nm to 20 nm characterized using spectroscopy ellipsometry (SE) and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) spectroscopy. We derived the spectral dependence of the dielectric tensor from experimental data for samples prior and after annealing in vacuum. The features of the dielectric function can be directly related to the transitions between electronic states and the observed changes upon annealing can be ascribed to an increase of the crystalline ordering of CoFeB.
Assessment of interactions between 205 breast cancer susceptibility loci and 13 established risk factors in relation to breast cancer risk, in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Abstract Background Previous gene-environment interaction studies of breast cancer risk have provided sparse evidence of interactions. Using the largest available dataset to date, we performed a comprehensive assessment of potential effect modification of 205 common susceptibility variants by 13 established breast cancer risk factors, including replication of previously reported interactions. Methods Analyses were performed using 28 176 cases and 32 209 controls genotyped with iCOGS array and 44 109 cases and 48 145 controls genotyped using OncoArray from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Gene-environment interactions were assessed using unconditional logistic regression and likelihood ratio tests for breast cancer risk overall and by estrogen-receptor (ER) status. Bayesian false discovery probability was used to assess the noteworthiness of the meta-analysed array-specific interactions. Results Noteworthy evidence of interaction at ≤1% prior probability was observed for three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-risk factor pairs. SNP rs4442975 was associated with a greater reduction of risk of ER-positive breast cancer [odds ratio (OR)int = 0.85 (0.78-0.93), Pint = 2.8 x 10–4] and overall breast cancer [ORint = 0.85 (0.78-0.92), Pint = 7.4 x 10–5) in current users of estrogen-progesterone therapy compared with non-users. This finding was supported by replication using OncoArray data of the previously reported interaction between rs13387042 (r2 = 0.93 with rs4442975) and current estrogen-progesterone therapy for overall disease (Pint = 0.004). The two other interactions suggested stronger associations between SNP rs6596100 and ER-negative breast cancer with increasing parity and younger age at first birth. Conclusions Overall, our study does not suggest strong effect modification of common breast cancer susceptibility variants by established risk factors.
Virtual viewpoints reconstruction via Fourier slice transformation

We propose a new method of calculating the arbitrary viewpoints for auto‐stereoscopic display. The three‐dimensional (3D) object is first virtually reconstructed in 3D spaces by mapping each pixel with a depth according to the depth mapping. We then calculate the Fourier spectrum of the 3D object by the fast Fourier transformation. The arbitrary viewpoints are reconstructed by “slicing” the 3D Fourier spectrum. To repair “black hole” artifacts, the regions in the background are calculated by advanced boundary in‐painting. Experimental results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm to calculate viewpoints with arbitrary viewing angles. A comparison is also presented, which indicates that the proposed algorithm is more accurate than conventional method, and the advanced boundary in‐painting can save three quarters of time than the conventional in‐painting method.