Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Euendolithic Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria Together Contribute to Trigger Bioerosion in Aquatic Environments

Shellfish, mussels, snails, and other aquatic animals, which assimilate limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO3) to build shells and skeletons, are effective carbon sinks that help mitigate the greenhouse effect. However, bioerosion, the dissolution of calcium carbonate and the release of carbon dioxide, hinders carbon sequestration process. The bioerosion of aquatic environments remains to be elucidated. In this study, the bioerosion of Bellamya spp. shells from the aquatic environment was taken as the research object. In situ microbial community structure analysis of the bioerosion shell from different geographical locations, laboratory-level infected culture, and validated experiments were conducted by coupling traditional observation and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis method. Results showed that bioeroders can implant into the CaCO3 layer of the snail shell, resulting in the formation of many small holes in the shell, which reduced the shell’s density and made the shell fragile. Results also showed that bioeroders were distributed in two major phyla, namely, Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria. Cluster analysis showed that Cyanobacteria sp. and two unidentified genera (Burkholderiaceae and Raistonia) were the key bioeroders. Moreover, results suggested that the interaction of Cyanobacteria and other bacteria promoted the biological function of “shell bioerosion. ” This study identified the causes of “shell bioerosion” in aquatic environments and provided some theoretical basis for preventing and controlling it in the aquatic industry. Results also provided new insights of cyanobacterial bioerosion of shells and microalgae carbon sequestration.
Development of a Duplex Insulated Isothermal PCR Assay for Rapid On-Site Detection and Differentiation of Genotypes 1 and 2 of African Swine Fever Virus

Genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV) has been plaguing Asian pig industry since 2018. Recently, genotype I ASFV was reported for the first time in China. Since there is no commercial vaccine available against ASFV, early onsite detection and quick culling procedures are commonly used by many countries all over the world. It is important that the above two genotypes of ASFV could be quickly differentiated during onsite detection at the same time. In this study, we established a sensitive and simple Fluorescent Probe Hydrolysis-Insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) that can detect and differentiate two genotypes of ASFV within 40 minutes. The positive or negative results of tested samples were displayed on the screen of the device automatically after PCR amplification was complete. The detection limit of the iiPCR was tested to be 20 copies for both genotype I and genotype II ASFVs. There was no cross-reactivity with other swine viruses by using the established iiPCR. Fifty-eight ASFV positive samples confirmed by National ASF Reference Laboratory were subjected to the established duplex iiPCR for genotype differentiation. The results showed that all these ASFV-positive samples belong to genotype II. At last, we found serum samples could be directly used as the templates for iiPCR without comprising sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the duplex iiPCR established in study provide a useful tool for ASFV onsite detection and genotype differentiation.
New Insights Into the Activity of Apple Dihydrochalcone Phloretin: Disturbance of Auxin Homeostasis as Physiological Basis of Phloretin Phytotoxic Action

Apple species are the unique naturally rich source of dihydrochalcones, phenolic compounds with an elusive role in planta, but suggested auto-allelochemical features related to “apple replant disease” (ARD). Our aim was to elucidate the physiological basis of the phytotoxic action of dihydrochalcone phloretin in the model plant Arabidopsis and to promote phloretin as a new prospective eco-friendly phytotoxic compound. Phloretin treatment induced a significant dose-dependent growth retardation and severe morphological abnormalities and agravitropic behavior in Arabidopsis seedlings. Histological examination revealed a reduced starch content in the columella cells and a serious disturbance in root architecture, which resulted in the reduction in length of meristematic and elongation zones. Significantly disturbed auxin metabolome profile in roots with a particularly increased content of IAA accumulated in the lateral parts of the root apex, accompanied by changes in the expression of auxin biosynthetic and transport genes, especially PIN1, PIN3, PIN7, and ABCB1, indicates the role of auxin in physiological basis of phloretin-induced growth retardation. The results reveal a disturbance of auxin homeostasis as the main mechanism of phytotoxic action of phloretin. This mechanism makes phloretin a prospective candidate for an eco-friendly bioherbicide and paves the way for further research of phloretin role in ARD.
A DIAGNOSTIC DIAGRAM FOR PLANETARY NEBULAE AND SYMBIOTIC STARS

A diagnostic diagram for separating planetary nebulae from symbiotic stars, based only on the relation between the [O III] lines at 5007 and 4363 A, is presented. It separates very well the two types of objects, as well as S- and D-type symbiotics. There is an intermediate region in which very young planetary nebulae seem to be located. The behavior of electron temperatures and densities in the diagram is studied. An analysis of some objects shows that many D-type symbiotics move in their region and also from D-type region towards that of young planetary nebulae, in such a way that it becomes difficult to separate these two kinds of objects.
Genetic and Biochemical Investigation of Seed Fatty Acid Accumulation in Arabidopsis

As a vegetable oil, consisting principally of triacylglycerols, is the major storage form of photosynthetically-fixed carbon in oilseeds which are of significant agricultural and industrial value. Photosynthesis in chlorophyll-containing green seeds, along with photosynthesis in leaves and other green organs, generates ATP and reductant (NADPH and NADH) needed for seed fatty acid production. However, contribution of seed photosynthesis to fatty acid accumulation in seeds have not been well-defined. Here, we report the contribution of seed-photosynthesis to fatty acid production by probing segregating green (photosynthetically-competent) and non-green or yellow (photosynthetically-non-competent) seeds in siliques of an Arabidopsis chlorophyll synthase mutant. Using this mutant, we found that yellow seeds lacking photosynthetic capacity reached 80% of amounts of oil in green seeds at maturity. Combining this with studies using shaded siliques, we determined that seed-photosynthesis accounts for 20% and silique and leaf/stem photosynthesis each account for ~40% of the ATP and reductant for seed oil production. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and pyridine nucleotides and ATP analyses revealed that seed photosynthesis provides ATP and reductant for oil production mostly during early development, as evidenced by delayed oil accumulation in non-green seeds. Transcriptomic analyses suggests that the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway could be the source of carbon, energy and reductants required for fatty acid synthesis beyond the early stages of seed development.
Association of Exercise With Vascular Function in Patients With CKD: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background and Aim Vascular function is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether exercise improves vascular function in such patients remains controversial. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the effect of exercise training on the vascular function of patients with CKD. Methods Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Medline were searched from inception until November 15, 2021. The terms exercise, CKD, dialysis, kidney transplant, and randomized controlled trial (RCT) were searched alone or in combination. RCTs were included when studies compared exercise with active control, usual care, or no intervention, and the studies reported vascular function on patients with CKD. Results This meta-analysis included 18 RCTs with 817 patients. Exercise training was significantly associated with decreased pulse wave velocity weighted mean difference (WMD), −0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), −1.02 to −0.09, P = 0.02 and augmentation index (WMD, −3.26; 95% CI, −5.46 to −1.05, P = 0.004). It was also significantly associated with improved peak VO2 (WMD, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.94–3.35, P < 0.00001), general health (WMD, 7.03; 95% CI, 0.65–13.42, P = 0.03), and vitality (WMD, 9.1; 95% CI, 2.50–15.69, P = 0.007). Conclusions The meta-analysis suggested that exercise training improved vascular function in patients with CKD. An exercise program should be considered as one of the management strategies for vascular dysfunction in patients with CKD. Further studies are needed to demonstrate that exercise training improves cardiovascular diseases in patients with CKD.
Unveiling Co-Infection in Cystic Fibrosis Airways: Transcriptomic Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Dual-Species Biofilms

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common heritable genetic disorder caused by a defect in the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator gene, resulting in several complications in the human body (Kreda et al., 2012). So far, the pathological changes in the lungs are best studied due to the high mortality rates linked to poor lung function and the recurrent development of severe biofilm-related infections (Flume et al., 2009; Ciofu et al., 2015). Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most prevalent pathogens that colonize structurally abnormal airways such as those diagnosed with CF and other chronic obstructive lung diseases (Lyczak et al., 2002; Hubert et al., 2013). Although these bacteria seem to succeed with one another, CF patients acquire coinciding P. aeruginosa and S. aureus pulmonary infections, being co-infection usually associated with decreased lung function and increased frequency of pulmonary exacerbations (Limoli et al., 2016). Furthermore, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus pathogens adopt a biofilm mode of growth, which contributes to high tolerance to antibiotic treatment (Schobert and Jahn, 2010) and the recalcitrant nature of these chronic co-infections (Burmølle et al., 2006; Lopes et al., 2012), leading to significant patient morbidity and mortality (Cox et al., 2010). Interactions between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus have been widely studied, and it is commonly admitted that P. aeruginosa outcompetes S. aureus, perhaps outcompeting S. aureus for limited nutrients (Mashburn et al., 2005) or producing antistaphylococcal compounds (DeLeon et al., 2014; Fugère et al., 2014), having S. aureus a minimal contribution to the overall course of the CF-associated biofilm infections (Bragonzi et al., 2012; Filkins et al., 2015). However, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus have been identified in the same lobe of CF lungs (Hogan et al., 2016; Wakeman et al., 2016) and are frequently diagnosed (Limoli et al., 2016; Zolin et al., 2019) as co-infecting species in CF patients. Moreover, P. aeruginosa strains isolated from early infection outcompete S. aureus, while strains isolated from chronic infection are less aggressive and can be co-cultivated with S. aureus (Frydenlund Michelsen et al., 2016; Limoli et al., 2017), suggesting that these pathogens can interact in vivo. In a previous study, we showed that S. aureus can grow and coexist with P. aeruginosa under dualspecies biofilm conditions (Magalhães et al., 2021). Following up on these findings, and acknowledging that the molecular mechanisms behind these interactions are largely unknown, the purpose of the present study was, therefore, to identify the major transcriptomic features of P. aeruginosa–S. aureus dual-species biofilms, using high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Herein, we described the full transcriptome of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus singleand dual-species Edited by: Gong Zhang, Jinan University, China
Understanding Chinese Consumers’ Livestreaming Impulsive Buying: An Stimulus-Organism-Response Perspective and the Mediating Role of Emotions and Zhong Yong Tendency

We built a livestreaming impulsive buying model based on stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, and we explored the impact of atmospheric cues (ACELS) and sales promotion (SPELS) on impulsive buying (IBI) based on emotions (EOC) and Zhong Yong tendency (ZYT) of online consumers. Combined with holistic orientation, perspective integration, and harmony maintenance, ZYT is a cognitive process involving individual events. We gathered 478 samples using a questionnaire to test the proposed research model. The empirical findings show that as the stimuli in the livestreaming environment, ACELS and SPELS during livestreaming greatly boost EOC while significantly constraining consumers’ ZYT. Among online consumers, positive EOC promotes IBI, whereas ZYT dampens it. In addition, EOC and ZYT mediate the relationship between stimulus factors and response factors in parallel, resulting in four model mediation paths. By incorporating the SOR model, this study provides theoretical underpinnings for the role of cognitive processing in impulsive purchases, as well as useful guidance for e-commerce platforms and streamers to effectively understand Chinese consumers’ purchase behavior, which benefits the development of effective promotion strategies and the creation of powerful marketing tools.
Akkermansia muciniphila and Gut Immune System: A Good Friendship That Attenuates Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Obesity, and Diabetes

Akkermansia muciniphila is a Gram-negative anaerobic mucus-layer-degrading bacterium that colonizes the intestinal mucosa of humans and rodents. Metagenomic data have shown an inverse correlation between the abundance of A. muciniphila and diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, and diabetes. Thus, in recent decades, the potential of this bacterium as an immunomodulatory probiotic for autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases has been explored in experimental models. Corroborating these human correlation data, it has been reported that A. muciniphila slows down the development and progression of diabetes, obesity, and IBD in mice. Consequently, clinical studies with obese and diabetic patients are being performed, and the preliminary results are very promising. Therefore, this mini review highlights the main findings regarding the beneficial roles of A. muciniphila and its action mechanisms in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Nuclear Factor-κB Plays a Positive Role in TNFα Expression in Golden Pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758)

Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a multifarious mediator of lymphoid tissue growth and antimicrobial defence mechanisms, and it acts as a pro-inflammatory regulator. The function of TNFα in parasite infection and the underlying mechanism through which nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates TNFα remain largely unclear in teleosts. In the present study, TNFα (ToTNFα) from golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) was identified, and its sequence features and expression levels were determined. The genomic DNA sequence is composed of 1,130 bp, consists of four exons and three introns, and encodes 341 amino acid polypeptides. The putative protein sequence shares 34.7%–61.9% identity with fish TNFα and possesses a TNF family signature and two conserved cysteine residues. Moreover, the expressions of ToNF-κB and ToTNFα are constitutively expressed in all examined tissues, with higher levels observed in the immune relevant tissues. Both ToNF-κB and ToTNFα transcription was increased in the local infection sites (skin and gill) and system immune tissues (liver, spleen and head kidney) after Cryptocaryon irritans stimulation. In addition, to investigate whether ToNF-κB is a regulator of ToTNFα, promoter analysis was performed. The region from -970 to +79 bp is known as the core promoter by different truncated mutants of ToTNFα. Subsequently, the activity of the ToTNFα-p2 promoter was dramatically reduced after targeted mutation of the M6-binding site. Additionally, an electrophoretic mobile shift assay (EMSA) verified that ToNF-κB interacted with the M6-binding site in the ToTNFα promoter region to control the expression of ToTNFα. In conclusion, the present study provides the positive regulation of TNFα transcription by NF-κB and contributes to a better understanding of the transcriptional mechanism of TNFα in fish.
Dissecting the Genetic Architecture of Phenology Affecting Adaptation of Spring Bread Wheat Genotypes to the Major Wheat-Producing Zones in India

Spring bread wheat adaptation to diverse environments is supported by various traits such as phenology and plant architecture. A large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) was designed to investigate and dissect the genetic architecture of phenology affecting adaptation. It used 48 datasets from 4,680 spring wheat lines. For 8 years (2014–2021), these lines were evaluated for days to heading (DH) and maturity (DM) at three sites: Jabalpur, Ludhiana, and Samastipur (Pusa), which represent the three major Indian wheat-producing zones: the Central Zone (CZ), North-Western Plain Zone (NWPZ), and North-Eastern Plain Zone (NEPZ), respectively. Ludhiana had the highest mean DH of 103.8 days and DM of 148.6 days, whereas Jabalpur had the lowest mean DH of 77.7 days and DM of 121.6 days. We identified 119 markers significantly associated with DH and DM on chromosomes 5B (76), 2B (18), 7D (10), 4D (8), 5A (1), 6B (4), 7B (1), and 3D (1). Our results clearly indicated the importance of the photoperiod-associated gene (Ppd-B1) for adaptation to the NWPZ and the Vrn-B1 gene for adaptation to the NEPZ and CZ. A maximum variation of 21.1 and 14% was explained by markers 2B_56134146 and 5B_574145576 linked to the Ppd-B1 and Vrn-B1 genes, respectively, indicating their significant role in regulating DH and DM. The results provide important insights into the genomic regions associated with the two phenological traits that influence adaptation to the major wheat-producing zones in India.
Quaternionic Transform: A new Light on the Solar Power Spectrum

Asteroseismology, that is, the use of the frequency content of a time series caused by variations in brightness or radial velocity of a stellar object, is based on the hypothesis that such a series is harmonic and therefore can be described by a sum of sines and cosines. If this were not the case (e.g., the oscillations of an ellipsoid of revolution) it cannot be guaranteed that the Discrete Fourier transform is the least squares approximation to the time series. This report studies the effect of extending the Fourier kernel to a particular quaternion and exploring the impact when it is applied to the best time series that we have (GOLF/SoHO) from the closest star, our Sun. The results are consistent with a notable improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio in the low frequency range. This opens the possibility of detecting the elusive g modes of the Sun in future works.
Interleukin-17A Mediates Hippocampal Damage and Aberrant Neurogenesis Contributing to Epilepsy-Associated Anxiety

Anxiety disorder is one of the most common comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), but its neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Here we identified a novel target, interleukin-17A (IL-17A), which can contribute to TLE-associated anxiety. Epileptic seizures were induced in 6-week-old IL-17A wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice by pilocarpine injection. To evaluate anxiety level, we subjected mice to open field and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests and measured the time animals spent in center zone or open arms. Epileptic IL-17A WT mice showed thigmotaxis and reluctance to stay in open arms, whereas IL-17A KO mice spent more time in the center area and open arms, suggesting alleviated anxiety in epilepsy. Histological assessments revealed that hippocampal neuronal death as evaluated by Fluoro-Jade B staining was significantly reduced in IL-17A KO mice. Moreover, at 6 weeks after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, the number of hilar ectopic granule cells was also markedly decreased by IL-17A deficiency without a difference in the proliferation of neural progenitors or the generation of newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus. Taken together, our data demonstrated that IL-17A deletion mitigates TLE-associated anxiety behavior, possibly via the hippocampal neuroprotection and the reduction of seizure-induced aberrant neurogenesis.
A Synergic Strategy to Characterize the Habitability Conditions of Exoplanets Hosted by Solar-Type Stars

We present a new synergic strategy that merges the potential of asteroseismology with solar space weather/climate techniques in order to characterize solar-like stars and their interaction with hosted exoplanets. The method is based on the use of seismic data obtained by the space missions Kepler/K2 and TESS Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, coupled with stellar activity estimates deduced from ground-based campaigns (e.g., Mount Wilson Observatory HK Project). Our investigation allows us to determine not only highly accurate fundamental parameters of the mother star and its orbiting planet, but also to study the stellar magnetic activity and the star-planet interaction: in analogy to the Sun-Earth system, it is possible to infer the mean stellar wind acting on the exoplanet in order to define the conditions of the exoplanetary environment and the erosion of its atmosphere with an impact on the habitability of the planet.
Dementia and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic raised significant concerns related to the management of care for people with dementia, but few studies have examined the mental health of older adults with dementia and their caregivers during the pandemic, when compared to other populations. This systematic review thus aims to compare and discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia and on their caregivers' mental health. Methods A search was performed in the PubMed/Medline and ISI databases according to the PRISMA methodology. We included studies published in 2020 and 2021 with the following combinations of keywords: “COVID-19 and mental health and elderly,” “COVID-19 and mental health and dementia;” “COVID-19 and dementia and caregivers,” “pandemic and mental health and elderly,” and “pandemic and anxiety. ” Results Twenty-two studies were included. Technology has proven to be an essential ally during the pandemic, since all 22 studies performed remote data collection. Nearly all the studies emphasized that social isolation and withdrawal can lead to the emergence or increase of neuropsychiatric symptoms and motor difficulties. However, the findings were mixed concerning the pandemic's impact on the cognition of people with dementia. Caregivers also suffered from the pandemic's impact, experiencing an increase in the burden of care and symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety. Few studies suggested measures to alleviate the difficulties of people with dementia and their caregivers. There are reports of the benefits of technology in communication and treatment through teleconsultations, however, not everyone has access to such technology, making it difficult to disseminate this tool to the target population. Conclusions The studies generally showed that social isolation can increase motor deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms and caregivers' burden and anxiety. New avenues for care and intervention are thus needed for older adults with cognitive deficits and their caregivers to avoid the intensification of physical and psychological suffering. Technological initiatives and support should consider people with cognitive impairment and different levels of technology literacy. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/.