Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parametrised Di ff erence Revision

Despite the great theoretical advancements in the area of Belief Revision, there has been limited success in terms of implementations. One of the hurdles in implementing revision operators is that their specification (let alone their computation), requires substantial resources. On the other hand, implementing a specific revision operator, like Dalal’s operator, would be of limited use. In a recent paper we generalised Dalal’s construction defining a whole family of concrete revision operators, called Parametrised Difference revision operators or PD operators for short. This family is wide enough to cover a whole range of different applications, and at the same time it is easy to represent. In this paper we characterise axiomatically the family of PD operators, study its computational complexity, and discuss its benefits for belief revision
Universal Speed and Flux Estimator for Induction Motor

Abstract In the paper, the concept of universal speed and flux estimator with additional parameters estimators is presented. Proposed solution is based on the Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) type flux and speed estimator and can be used in different industrial systems (especially in the automotive applications). Induction Motor (IM) parameters are estimated using the systems based only on simple simulators and adaptive systems (voltage model and current model). Proposed system was tested in the sensorless induction motor drive with the Direct Field Oriented Control (DFOC) algorithm. Simulation and experimental results are presented in the paper.
Comparing the relationship between early maladaptive schemas, defense mechanisms and type D personality among individuals with secure and insecure attachment style

Introduction: Attachment styles determine the emotional, cognitive rules and strategies that guide emotional reactions in people and interpersonal relationships. The primary aim of the current study was to compare the relationship between early maladaptive schemas, defense mechanisms and type D personality among individuals with secure and insecure attachment style. Â Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 240 patients that were selected by convenience sampling method from psychology clinic Delphi in Tehran in 2013. Data collection tools include the (DSQ-40), Adult Attachment Style (AAS), Type D Personality Questionnaire and primary schemas Questionnaire. Data analyzed through Pearson correlation and multiple regressions. Â Results: The findings showed that the relationship between primary schemas and defense mechanisms are different in people with secure and insecure attachment. Also, the relationship between primary schemas and type D personality is different in people with secure and insecure attachment styles. In addition, the relationship between defense mechanisms and the type D personality is different in people with secure and insecure attachment styles (P<0.01). Conclusion: Considering the importance of attachment in development of early maladaptive schemas and effects of early maladaptive schemas and defense mechanism on personality pathology, attention to cognitive functions and attachment can help the healing process.
Investigating the Effects of Packet Dropping and Packet Pollution Attacks in Network Coding Networks

Network Coding (NC) has introduced a new way to increase the efficiency of networks, especially Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs). There are many security threats when using NC in WMNs. We investigate the effects packet pollution and packet dropping attacks in a NC environment. Packet pollution decreases the throughput of the network dramatically, while packet dropping does not have such a big effect. By adding security to NC the effects of these attacks can be decreased.
An Empirical Study of the Impacts of Ambient Temperature on Risk Taking

A large number of studies have found that the ambient temperature shows its inadvertent impact on human’s mind and behaviors. There is a reason to believe that risk decision-making, a human advanced cognitive function, will also be affected by the temperature and lead to judgment bias. In this study, the relationship between ambient temperature and risk taking was discussed by manipulating ambient temperature in the laboratory. Participants were instructed to complete the risk taking test (the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, BART) on the computer in three different ambient temperature environments (Hot/Cold/Comfortable). Results indicate that: when ambient temperature is high, the individual will pursue high-risk and high-yield options, and when the ambient temperature is low, the individual tends to be conservative facing risk options.
Supply Chain Analysis for Water and Sanitation Technology Research Project (Case Study in Morotai Island, North Maluku Province)

Morotai’s sanitation and clean water technology is covering sanitation technology (bio filter, sanitary pond) and clean water (SPC, Reserve Osmose). This technology is ready to be applied in Daruba Pantai, Morotai, North Maluku and all of its technology originated from Java. Research problem’s focus on supply chain. Research objectives eager to see to what extent the supply chain of sanitation and clean water technology, from the technology producers which are mostly located in Java and the application location is in Morotai. The study of Supply Chain in Clean Water and Sanitation Technology Implementation using an applied based research approach. This study refers to scientific research and attempt to solve practical problems. The result of this study, any supply chain for four technologies in Morotai. The results consist of identifying supply chain components, determining network dimension structure that consists of three types dimension, determining type of business chain, and mapping supply chain. For the sanitation technology (bio filter), there are six certified bio filter suppliers and one of them will be selected as the supplier of the construction project in Morotai area. At the sanitary ponds technology, the constituent component/material can be retrieved from local suppliers in Morotai. For Simple Water Management Installation-Quick Sand Filter/SPC, the technology constituent component itself comprises of ground water tank, pump, roof tank, and Quick Sand Filter (made of fibre). This material is brought from the supplier named CV. Lusika in Bandung. Then, the RO technology constituent component is quite many comprising of water inlet valve, pre-filter, RO membrane, post-filter, automatic inspection valves, flow blockers, reservoir, faucet, and exhaust pipe. RO system unit is brought from the supplier called PT. Zeofilt Water Treatment that located in Bandung.
Diagnostic Value of 18F-PET/CT in Patients with Primary Lymphoma and the Prognostic Value of Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax) in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

Background The diagnostic accuracy of 18F-PET/CT was assessed in patients with primary lymphoma and the clinical application value of SUVmax was determined. Results The diagnostic accuracy of a total of 97 patients with initial 18F-PET/CT scans between January 2015 and February 2020 were assessed, and the SUVmax was compared according to the different pathological subtypes. The relationship between SUVmax and immunophenotype, clinical characteristics, and genetic types were estimated. According to the pathological results, 10 cases were misdiagnosed by PET/CT, and the accuracy was about 90%. Statistical analysis did not reveal a significant difference between Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) (p = 0.9071). Among NHL, the average SUVmax was statistically different between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) (p = 0.0004), FL and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (p = 0.0078), FL and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) (p = 0.0117), DLBCL and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (p = 0.0294). In patients with DLBCL, SUVmax was correlated with the expression level of proliferation index Ki-67 (r = 0.33, p = 0.018), while average SUVmax shows no difference between various immunophenotype expression levels, ages, gender, skeletal invasion situations, clinical grade stages, international prognostic index (IPI) score, and different gene types (germinal center B cell-like (GCB) and non-GCB). Conclusions Although 18F-PET/CT had a marked diagnostic value in patients with primary lymphoma, some misdiagnosis was probable. The SUVmax is valuable in the differential diagnosis of different pathological types of NHL. Simultaneously, the SUVmax of patients with DLBCL correlated with Ki-67 might reflect the tumor invasiveness, thereby revealing a prognostic value.
Incidence and epidemiological characteristics of ciguatera cases in Europe

The present document corresponds to the final report (deliverable No. 7) of the specific agreement (SA 2) “To determine the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of ciguatera cases in Europe” within the Framework Partnership Agreement GP/EFSA/AFSCO/2015/03 “Risk characterization of ciguatera food poisoning in Europe”. This report summarises the activities performed, results and conclusions obtained in the specific agreement. The objective of the SA2 was to estimate the incidence and to describe the epidemiological characteristics of ciguatera in the EU/EEA. A protocol for a harmonized ciguatera surveillance in the European Union (EU)/Economic European Area (EEA) was elaborated. The protocol includes a ciguatera case definition and questionnaires for collecting information on ciguatera cases or outbreak. Around half of the countries answered the data call for reporting cases. Four countries reported 34 outbreaks from 2012 to 2019. Spain and Portugal reported outbreaks due to consumption of fish captured in the Canary Islands and Madeira (autochthonous outbreaks), mainly due to consumption of Seriola spp. and Ephinephelus spp. In more than half of these outbreaks, the fish was captured by sport fishing. Germany and France reported outbreaks due to consumption of fish imported from outside the EU (imported outbreaks, mainly Lutjanus spp). Spain, Germany and France reported outbreaks in travellers to tropical endemic territories (travel related outbreaks). All the outbreaks cases presented neurological symptoms, most of them had also gastrointestinal symptoms and few outbreak cases mentioned cardiovascular symptoms. Six countries (Austria, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland) reported 34 single cases. The incidence rate in the EU/EEA was very low (0.0054 cases per 100.000 inhabitants per year). The incidence rate in the Canary Islands was higher 0.47 cases/100.000 inhabitants. © Instituto de Salud Carlos III National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, University of Thessaly, Canary Health Service, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 2021 Final scientific report SA2 www.efsa. europa.eu/publications 2 EFSA Supporting publication 2021:EN-6650
An Agent-Specific Stochastic Model of Generalized Reaching Task Difficulty

The ability of an agent to accomplish a trajectory during a certain motor task depends on the fit between external (environment) and internal (agent) constraints, also known as affordance. A model of difficulty for a generalized reaching motor task is proposed as an affordance-related measure, as perceived by a specific agent for a given environment and task. By extending the information-based Index of Difficulty of a trajectory, a stochastic model of difficulty is formulated based on the observed variability of spatial trajectories executed by a given agent during a repetitive motor task. The model is tested on an experimental walking dataset available in the literature, where the repetitive stride movement of differently aged subjects (14 “old” subjects aged 50–73; 20 “young” subjects aged 21–37) at multiple speed conditions (comfortable, ~30% faster, ~30% slower) is analyzed. Reduced trajectory variability in older as compared to younger adults results in a higher Index of Difficulty (slower: +24%, p < 0.0125; faster: +38%, p < 0.002) which is interpreted in this context as reduced affordance. The model overcomes the limits of existing difficulty measures by capturing the stochastic dependency of task difficulty on a subject’s age and average speed. This model provides a benchmarking tool for motor performance in biomechanics and ergonomics applications.
Semen Analysis and Insight into Male Infertility

Objectives: Semen analysis is the cornerstone for the valuation of the male partner in the infertile couples. This test has been standardized throughout the world through the World Health Organization (WHO) since the1970s by producing, editing, updating, and disseminating a semen analysis manual and guidelines. A retrospective study to give an insight about male infertility. Methods: This retrospective study assessed the semen findings of 1000 men evaluated at the Department of Urology, Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital in Baghdad-Iraq between January 2016 and May 2019. Semen analysis were done for them. Results: According to WHO standard for semen normality, 1000 samples that were analyzed, normospermia was shown in 835 (83.5%)males (95% CI=0.811-0.857) and 12% had oligospermia and the rest 4.5% was azospermia. The normospermic samples had significantly higher levels regarding the following parameters: count per ml (51.30±1.24) (P= 0.001), volume(3.34±2.31)(P=0.0001), pus cell (8.04±1.02)(P=0.0001), motility (22.81±5.8)(P=0.0001), abnormal motility (22.81±5.8)(P=0.0001) and normal (V)(P=0.0001)or abnormal morphology (25.86 ±12.4)(P=0.0002) when compared with oligospermia. Conclusions: Semen analysis is the keystone of infertile couple. Semen parameters like sperm concentration, motility and morphology, are indicators for male reproductive function. Sperm concentration is declining and there is a significant association between sperm concentration and sperm parameters.
Community of Practice Among Faculty Team-Teaching Education Doctorate (Ed.D.) Students: A Reflective Study

Aim/Purpose The purpose of the study was to contribute to knowledge about the ways in which incorporating a Community of Practice into doctoral seminar teaching and course management could be a practical and sustainable path to professional development for doctoral faculty aspiring to become stewards of the practice of teaching. Background This report documents a reflective self-study conducted by four professors engaged in a community of practice while team-teaching a linked pair of EdD seminars on action research at Arizona State University. Methodology This reflective study used field notes and written reflections as its sources of data to examine how participants’ identities as professors of education changed during and after participating in a team-taught professional doctoral pair of courses. Contribution An important goal of the community of practice was to promote faculty professional development as stewards of the practice of teaching. Engaging in disciplined reflection on teaching is uncommon in American graduate education and rarely documented in the literature of post-compulsory education. Community of Practice Among Team Teaching 380 Findings Analysis of post-hoc reflective accounts and contemporaneous notes revealed a general pattern of gradual transformation by the teaching team members. The professors moved from anxious concern about appearing competent to growing confidence and appreciation for the potential of a community of practice to provide significant professional benefits to students and faculty. Salutary features of reflective team teaching in a community of practice persist in participants’ subsequent teaching practice. Recommendations for Practitioners Reported benefits include eagerness for team teaching, increased openness to pedagogical suggestions from peers, comfort with being observed by colleagues while teaching, and willingness to revise plans when initial plans and practices are not working effectively for students. Recommendations for Researchers Data analysis and testimony support the claim that engaging in a CoP, in this case, did support their identity transformation as stewards of their own practice as instructors and professors of education. However, the study design does not support a claim that most or all future Communities of Practice in doctoral education will produce similar salutary results. Testing this proposition will require additional research in settings and programs different from the one represented here. Impact on Society Implementing communities of practice in doctoral programs can make room for professional development for both the faculty team and for the students. Future Research Further studies could be conducted to document the ways in which other communities of practice can be used to develop faculty instructors in masters and doctoral programs and in undergraduate education.
Feature Engineering based on Hybrid Features for Malware Detection over Android Framework

Android is the operating system of this modern world. Today, every tech-savvy people across the world are giving first preference to Android devices for their personal and official use. Because of the growing use of Android devices attackers are turning their attention toward android application. Because of this alarming increase in Android malware attacks there is a need to develop a defence mechanism against such attacks that must be fruitful and cost-effective. State-of-the-art malware detection techniques perform static, dynamic or hybrid analysis. Static analysis involves examining the source code malware samples without executing them. However, dynamic analysis monitors the run time behaviour of application during the actual execution of the app. Static analysis is a straightforward way to analyze the malware samples regarding the Android platform. In this research, we perform hybrid analysis using four different categories of Android application features such as permissions, intents, and network features. We extract permissions and intent from a manifest file while Network-based features extracted from java files. Our results show that the greatest precision of 0.99 can achieve by performing feature selection using Info Gain Method. Through, feature selection and results achieved by those selected features we come to know that permission are the most relevant features among all other three feature categories. We have observed that performing Ensemble method is best among all four machine learning classifiers. We have seen that network features (IP addresses, Email addresses, URL) are the relevant and effective feature for malware detection in the proposed framework.
The Complexities of “Minding the Gap”: Perceived Discrepancies Between Values and Behavior Affect Well-Being

Research on self-determination theory and clinical models such as acceptance and commitment therapy has shown that behaving in line with our values is a key to maintaining healthy well-being. Combining work on values and experimental studies on moral hypocrisy and well-being, we experimentally tested how behaving incongruently with values affects well-being. We hypothesized that discrepancies between how one thinks one should have behaved and how one reported one did behave would be more detrimental to well-being when the behaviors were value-expressive and motivationally coherent compared to a control condition; greater perceived gaps between how participants feel they should have acted and how they report they did act would be associated with more negative well-being outcomes; the relationship between value manipulation and well-being would be mediated by perceived behavioral gap; and that personal values would interact with value manipulation to produce differential effects on well-being. One-hundred and fifty-eight first-year psychology students participated in an experiment designed to highlight discrepancies between how participants have behaved in accordance with a certain value and how they think they should have behaved, before reporting their well-being. As hypothesized, greater discrepancies between reported past behavior and how participants thought they should have behaved was associated with negative affect and decreased reports of positive well-being. We found no evidence for differential effects of manipulated value-expressive behaviors on well-being, or for our hypothesis that personal values and manipulated value-expressive behaviors interact. Nevertheless, value content mattered in terms of inducing perceived behavioral gaps. Our study suggests that perceived discrepancies between any value and reported past behavior can have a negative impact on some aspects of well-being. We discuss how the application of our methodology can be used in further studies to disentangle the value-behavior nexus.
Microbial Diversity and Connectivity in Deep-Sea Sediments of the South Atlantic Polar Front

Ultraslow spreading ridges account for one-third of the global mid-ocean ridges. Their impact on the diversity and connectivity of benthic deep-sea microbial assemblages is poorly understood, especially for hydrothermally inactive, magma-starved ridges. We investigated bacterial and archaeal diversity in sediments collected from an amagmatic segment (10°–17°E) of the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) and in the adjacent northern and southern abyssal zones of similar water depths within one biogeochemical province of the Indian Ocean. Microbial diversity was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Our results show significant differences in microbial communities between stations outside and inside the SWIR, which were mostly explained by environmental selection. Community similarity correlated significantly with differences in chlorophyll a content and with the presence of upward porewater fluxes carrying reduced compounds (e.g., ammonia and sulfide), suggesting that trophic resource availability is a main driver for changes in microbial community composition. At the stations in the SWIR axial valley (3,655–4,448 m water depth), microbial communities were enriched in bacterial and archaeal taxa common in organic matter-rich subsurface sediments (e.g., SEEP-SRB1, Dehalococcoida, Atribacteria, and Woesearchaeota) and chemosynthetic environments (mainly Helicobacteraceae). The abyssal stations outside the SWIR communities (3,760–4,869 m water depth) were dominated by OM1 clade, JTB255, Planctomycetaceae, and Rhodospirillaceae. We conclude that ultraslow spreading ridges create a unique environmental setting in sedimented segments without distinct hydrothermal activity, and play an important role in shaping microbial communities and promoting diversity, but also in connectivity among deep-sea habitats.
A Survey on Simulation Sickness in Driving Applications with Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays

Abstract This article discusses factors related to simulation sickness in virtual reality driving simulations with head-mounted displays. Simulation sickness is a well-known phenomenon that has physiological effects on users, such as disorientation, headache, and nausea. There are three major theories why simulation sickness arises. Previous research on this phenomenon has mostly concentrated on driving or flying simulators with standard computer displays. It is, therefore, possible to conclude that any simulated environment could have such an effect, and virtual reality should not be considered an exception to such problems. While virtual reality has had and will continue to have a positive impact on the development and testing of new automotive interior concepts, simulation sickness is a significant drawback. Despite the advances in technology, discomfort from using head-mounted displays has yet to be resolved. A review of these displays in the context of virtual reality driving applications over the recent years will be presented. Moreover, characterization and comparison of approaches to mitigate simulation sickness will be given in the text. Concluding suggestions for future work on the correlation between simulation sickness and a virtual driving environment will be provided.