Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semi-automated Literature Review for Scientific Assessment of Socioeconomic Climate Change Scenarios

Climate change is now recognized as a global threat, and the literature surrounding it continues to increase exponentially. Expert bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are tasked with periodically assessing the literature to extract policy-relevant scientific conclusions that might guide policymakers. However, concerns have been raised that climate change research may be too voluminous for traditional literature review to adequately cover. It has been suggested that practices for literature review for scientific assessment be updated/augmented with semi-automated approaches from bibliometrics or scientometrics. In this study, we explored the feasibility of such recommendations for the scientific assessment of literature around socioeconomic climate change scenarios, so-called Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). For automated literature reviews, most methods can be subsumed under two broad categories of classification tasks that use either (1) Natural Language Processing (NLP) or (2) Citation Networks. We performed two levels of classification tasks: (1) identifying SSP articles from a large corpus of climate change research and developing a database of SSP-related articles; (2) classifying SSP articles into different sectoral categories. We applied three machine learning algorithms for the text classification task: Multinomial Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, and Linear Support Vector Classification. However, the vocabulary of the SSP literature too closely resembles the vocabulary of broader climate change research for an NLP approach to be effective. We then attempted a citation network approach. We compared two sets of different community detection algorithms (the Louvain algorithm and the Fluid community detection algorithm), with one iteration of each algorithm containing 8 clusters and the next set containing 16. The citation network approach outperformed NLP with respect to false negatives. It also provided the ability to assess the uptake of SSPs across different sectors of climate change research. We concluded that, at the time of the study, the SSP corpus may not yet be large enough or diverse enough from broader climate change research for applying machine learning techniques for automated literature review. However, our research suggests that until there is a critical mass of SSP studies, there is the potential to divide labor between human and machine readers. Some of the data collection tasks currently done by human author teams, such as assessing scenario research, could be semi-automated to ensure and enhance the coverage of the literature. We also drew conclusions about the uptake of the SSP framework over its first 5 years in the broader climate change research literature. We observed that the uptake of SSPs in certain sub-disciplines (e.g., food systems) progressed slowly. Hence, to keep SSPs relevant, it may be fruitful to target SSP studies to particular research communities (e.g., sectors with slower uptake).
Evaluation of Compressive and Tensile Strength of Self-Curing Concrete by Adding Crushed Bricks as Additive Material

Curing is an essential stage in the production of concrete because it controls cement hydration and strength evolution. One of the methods of curing is the internal or self-curing which can be achieved by using materials of specific characteristics inside concrete to provide moisture from within the concrete as opposed to outside of it. +is water should not affect the water-cement ratio. Lightweight coarse or fine aggregate or using absorbent polymer particles with an ability to keep water inside the concrete mixture can be used for this purpose. +is study presents the use of crushed brick as a curing agent and evaluate its effects on the compressive and tensile strengths of concrete at different ages. Four mixes were used: M0, M10, M20, andM30. All the aggregates in mix M0 are natural gravel, while mixes M10, M20, and M30 contain 10%, 20%, and 30% crushed bricks, respectively, as replacement of coarse aggregate. +e tests results showed that using crushed brick as a self-curing agent gave compressive strength up to 87.8% and splitting tensile strength up to 169% compared to water-cured concrete.
SEBI Regulation Biography

The Securities and Exchange Board of India is the regulatory body for securities and commodity market in India. A growing number of SEBI documents ranging from government regulations to legal case files are now available in the digital form. Advances in natural language processing and machine learning provide opportunities for extracting semantic insights from these documents. We present here a system that performs semantic processing of SEBI documents using state-of-the-art language models to produce enriched regulations containing timelines of amendments and cross references to legal case files.
The Response Mechanism of Crystal Orientation to Grain Boundary Dislocation under Uniaxial Strain: A Phase-Field-Crystal Study

An exploration of dislocation microstructure evolution with different misorientation angles was performed using phase field crystal method (PFC). The microcosmic evolution process of grain boundaries under external stress, as well as the corresponding energy curve and stress–strain curve, are analyzed. The relationship between the misorientation angle and the dislocations emission frequency is discussed. Three forms of dislocations reaction on the evolution process of 6°and 10° are analyzed in detail, which are respectively type I semi-annihilation, type II semi-annihilationand full-annihilation. Among them, the nature of type I semi-annihilation is a combination of dislocation and a single edge dislocation reaction with a single edge dislocation left. The essence of type II semi-annihilation is a pair of dislocation and the other pair of dislocation reaction leaving two edge dislocations. The essence of full-annihilation is that two pairs of dislocations or single edge dislocations with opposite Burger vectors react with each other and the distortion area disappears. When the misorientation angle is 10°, the dislocation reaction and the dislocation motion ability of the system are stronger than 6°. The peak of the energy curve is related to the number of dislocation proliferations in the evolution process. An emission frequency and average density of dislocations of 10° is greater than 6°. The causes of plastic deformation are revealed to a certain extent by stress–strain curves.
Characterization of Human Pen Grasp With Haptic Displays

Throughout this thesis we have, theoretically and experimentally, analyzed various properties of pen grasp interaction. We showed that to experimentally measure the mechanical impedance of the human hand we need a haptic device with specific characteristics, such as low inertia, almost zero friction and very high stiffness. Part of the research activity was devoted into designing a haptic device that would satisfy these stringent requirements. Using a theoretical model and experimental data we found that pen grasp manipulation is superior to single finger manipulation, both in terms of mechanical impedance and accuracy of motion control. Moreover, because of its parallel structure, the pen grasp stiffness ellipse is not very sensitive to changes in the kinematic configuration. The haptic display can be tuned to a specific user and task introducing an additional term in the device controller. The stiffness and damping ellipses can be enlarged, rotated, and their shape altered, so that better rejection to disturbance while executing precise motion control can be achieved. However we discovered that the potential benefits are limited by the natural performance of the device itself, since simulating dynamic elements, such as springs and dampers, introduces noise into the system. Our analysis was just a preliminary test and much more remains to be done. We analyzed four different types of grasp, with particular attention to four-fingered grasps, and found similar stiffness ellipses for all of them. Some of these grasps were chosen observing different people interacting with a pen, others by trying different configuration on a custom computer animated model.
Real-time prediction method of slop displacement based on time series analysis

In order to monitor the slope deformation at any time,accurately analyze and predict the trend of slop displacement deformation accurately,and ensure slope stability and reliability,a prediction model of the slope deformation trend was proposed based on time series methods and combined with the previous slope displacement monitoring data.Real-time prediction method of slop displacement based on time series was proposed.The feasibility of this method was verified after testing it on the metro west railway station in Changchun.The results can provide a new idea for slope stability analysis.
Design Assessment and Simulation of PCA Based Image Difference Detection and Segmentation for Satellite Images Using Machine Learning

It is possible to define the quantity of temporal effects by employing multitemporal data sets to discover changes in nature or in the status of any object based on observations taken at various points in time. It's not uncommon to come across a variety of different methods for spotting changes in data. These methods can be categorized under a single umbrella term. There are two primary areas of study: supervised and unsupervised change detection. In this study, the goal is to identify the changes in land cover. Covers a specific area in Kayseri using unsupervised change detection algorithms and Landsat satellite pictures from various years have been gleaned through the use of remote sensing. In the meantime, image differencing is taking place. The method will be applied to the photographs using the image-enhancing process. In the next step, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is employed. The difference image will be analyzed using Component Analysis. To find out which locations have and which do not. As a first step, a procedure must be in place. We've finished registering images one after the other. Consequently, the photos are being linked together. After then, it's back to black and white. Three non-overlapping portions of the difference image have been created. This can be done using the principal component analysis method. From the eigenvector space, we may get to the fundamental components. As a last point, the major feature vector space fuzzy C-Means Clustering is used to divide the component into two clusters, and then a change detection technique is carried out. As the world's population grew, farmland expansion and unplanned land encroachment intensified, resulting in uncontrolled deforestation around the globe. This project uses unsupervised learning algorithm K-means clustering. In a cost-effective manner that can be employed by officials, companies as well as private groups, to assist in fighting illicit deforestation and analysis of satellite database.
Design of Robust Systems for Stabilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Equipment

The paper deals with the structural synthesis of robust system for stabilization of observation equipment operated on unmanned aerial vehicles. The model of the triaxial stabilization system taking into consideration necessary kinematic transformations is developed. The matrix weighting transfer functions ensuring design of the system with the desired amplitude-frequency characteristics of the system are chosen. The features of the robust structural synthesis for the researched system are considered. The structure and parameters of the robust controller, based on robust structural synthesis including the methods of the mixed sensitivity and loop-shaping, are obtained. The results of the synthesized system simulation are represented. The obtained results allow implementing stabilization of observation equipment in difficult conditions of real operation. This improves the quality of photography, mapping, survey, and so forth and gives advantages of accuracy for images representations of the territory flown. The obtained results are significant for stabilization of equipment operated at a moving base.
Mechanisms Underlying Soybean Response to Phosphorus Deficiency through Integration of Omics Analysis

Low phosphorus (P) availability limits soybean growth and yield. A set of potential strategies for plant responses to P deficiency have been elucidated in the past decades, especially in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa). Recently, substantial efforts focus on the mechanisms underlying P deficiency improvement in legume crops, especially in soybeans (Glycine max). This review summarizes recent advances in the morphological, metabolic, and molecular responses of soybean to phosphate (Pi) starvation through the combined analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Furthermore, we highlight the functions of the key factors controlling root growth and P homeostasis, base on which, a P signaling network in soybean was subsequently presumed. This review also discusses current barriers and depicts perspectives in engineering soybean cultivars with high P efficiency.
Retention Site Contribution Toward Silver Particle Immobilization in Porous Media

This work investigates the role that pore structure plays in colloid retention across scales with a novel methodology based on image analysis. Experiments were designed to quantify–with robust statistics–the contribution from commonly proposed retention sites toward colloid immobilization. Specific retention sites include solid‐water interface, air‐water interface, air‐water‐solid triple point, grain‐to‐grain contacts, and thin films. Variable conditions for pore‐water content, velocity, and chemistry were tested in a model glass bead porous medium with silver microspheres. Concentration signals from effluent breakthrough and spatial profiles of retained particles from micro X‐ray Computed Tomography were used to compute mass balances and enumerate pore‐scale regions of interest in three dimensions. At the Darcy‐scale, retained colloids follow non‐monotonic deposition profiles, which implicates effects from flow‐stagnation zones. The spatial distribution of immobilized colloids along the porous medium depth was analyzed by retention site, revealing depth‐independent partitioning of colloids. At the pore‐scale, dominance and overall saturation of all retention sites considered indicated that the solid‐water interface and wedge‐shaped regions associated with flow‐stagnation (grain‐to‐grain contacts in saturated and air‐water‐solid triple points in unsaturated conditions) are the greatest contributors toward retention under the tested conditions. At the interface‐scale, xDLVO energy profiles were in agreement with pore‐scale observations. Our calculations suggest favorable interactions for colloids and solid‐water interfaces and for weak flocculation (e.g., at flow‐stagnation zones), but unfavorable interactions between colloids and air‐water interfaces. Overall, we demonstrate that pore‐structure plays a critical role in colloid immobilization and that Darcy‐, pore‐ and interface‐scales are consistent when the pore structure is taken into account.
Effects of Prior Experience on the User Experience of News Aggregation App’s Features—Evidence from a Behavioral Experiment

Abstract News aggregator apps have become one of the major channels for acquiring information for the Chinese. The number of users is increasing but literature on the user experience (UX) of these apps from the perspective of human-computer interaction remains dearth. In study 1, a completely randomized between-participant experiment with prior experience of news aggregator apps (with prior experience vs. without prior experience) as the independent variable was conducted to investigate its effects on the UX of news aggregator app’s functions, including browsing news, searching news, watching short videos, interacting with news, personalized page setup and online shopping. UX was operationalized as perceived usefulness, ease of use, and satisfaction. Results indicated that the experienced users perceived lower levels of usefulness when they used the app to browse news, watch short videos, interact with news and set up the page than inexperienced users. Experienced users also perceived lower levels of ease of use when watching short videos. In addition, veteran users reported lower satisfaction levels when browsing the news. To explore the reason behind this phenomenon, a sentiment analysis (study 2) was conducted on the reports submitted by participants in the experienced group during the training sessions. It was found that the experienced group overall reported negative sentiment scores, and the results indicated positive trends of correlation between the sentiment score and the UX. The current research provides a more nuanced understanding of the effect of prior experience on the UX of news aggregator apps.
Analytical Modeling of a Soft Pneu-Net Actuator Subjected to Planar Tip Contact

Soft actuators are compliant structures that are generally made of elastomers and generates large deformation. The behavior of these structures cannot be estimated accurately using infinitesimal strain theories. The objective of soft robotics applications is the controlled large deformation of these structures. In this article, we propose an analytical model for a pneu-net soft actuator. The model is based on the Euler–Bernoulli finite strain hyperelastic thin cantilever beam theory. The deformation of the air chambers is modeled using finite strain membrane theory. The analytical model is developed for two different states of the actuator: 1) free space; and 2) when the actuator was subjected to tip contact. The proposed theoretical model predicts the deformation and force characteristics of the actuator for the grasping state. The theoretical formulation of the developed model is different from previously developed infinitesimal strain models for the actuator, as it considers the axial stretch and forces applied to the actuator. In addition, it can be theoretically implemented on similar structured actuators for various applications. The theoretically calculated deformation and force characteristics of different actuators are compared with the finite element (FE) model and experimental characteristics. The results suggest that the proposed model can predict the actuator deformation and force characteristics as accurately as the FE model, but the computation time of the proposed model is less than 1% that of the FE model. The proposed model is further implemented on a three-finger gripper to predict the air pressure required for a stable grasp of different objects and is validated experimentally.
Motion modeling of cable-driven continuum robots using vector form intrinsic finite element method

ABSTRACT This paper presents the motion modeling of a cable-driven, single backbone continuum robot via the vector form intrinsic finite element (VFIFE) method. The VFIFE method is a solution framework based on vector mechanics. The algorithm describes a continuous body by using a finite number of particles instead of a mathematical function. We first approached the model by defining path elements and allocating particles (mass nodes) for the structure. We then established constitutive conditions as the generalized forces derived from both the external environment and internal deformed structural elements. We found that the dynamic equation of particles can be governed by Newton’s law of motion and solved by a general explicit time integration technique. Furthermore, we performed static modeling of the system by employing a dynamic relaxation algorithm with kinetic damping in the dynamic equations. Finally, from experiments, we validated the simulated static model of a single backbone continuum robot. It is shown that this method is capable of describing a continuum robot’s motion by solving for frame structures that undergo large deformation.
Recreating Tissue Structures Representative of Teratomas In Vitro Using a Combination of 3D Cell Culture Technology and Human Embryonic Stem Cells

In vitro studies using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a valuable method to study aspects of embryogenesis, avoiding ethical issues when using embryonic materials and species dissimilarities. The xenograft teratoma assay is often traditionally used to establish pluripotency in putative PSC populations, but also has additional applications, including the study of tissue differentiation. The stem cell field has long sought an alternative due to various well-established issues with the in vivo technique, including significant protocol variability and animal usage. We have established a two-step culture method which combines PSC-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) with porous scaffolds to enhance their viability, prolonging the time these structures can be maintained, and therefore, permitting more complex, mature differentiation. Here, we have utilised human embryonic stem cell-derived EBs, demonstrating the formation of tissue rudiments of increasing complexity over time and the ability to manipulate their differentiation through the application of exogenous morphogens to achieve specific lineages. Crucially, these EB-derived tissues are highly reminiscent of xenograft teratoma samples derived from the same cell line. We believe this in vitro approach represents a reproducible, animal-free alternative to the teratoma assay, which can be used to study human tissue development.
Symbolic Power and Dual Careers of Athletes: Successful Career Transition Experiences of Korean College Athletes Who Quit Sport

Abstract This study explored the successful career transition experiences of Korean college athletes who ceased to participate in sport prior to completing their college eligibility. In particular, the research addressed the ways in which they overcame challenges while pursuing their desired post-sport career paths. A qualitative approach was adopted to explore participants’ life transitions, uncovering six primary themes: (1) entering the athletic specialist system: motivations and goals; (2) exit from sport: injury, failure of rehabilitation, bullying, and abandonment; (3) challenges in transition: prejudice, exclusion, and stigmatisation; (4) cultivating academic integrity to obtain degrees; (5) social networking outside of athletic culture; and (6) financial and emotional support. The findings were analysed by drawing on Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, field, social capital, and cultural capital, including physical and educational forms of capital. Findings help to identify factors that aided former athletes in overcoming barriers and gaining competencies to succeed in their careers after sport.