Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A unified series-parallel active filter system for nonperiodic disturbances

This paper presents a 3-phase, 4-wire unified series-parallel active filter (USPAF) system for periodic and nonperiodic disturbance compensation using a generalized nonactive power theory. The USPAF system consists of a series active filter (AF), parallel AF, and split DC-link capacitors with the midpoint of the DC-link connected to the neutral wire. The generalized nonactive power theory is applicable to single-phase or multiphase, sinusoidal or nonsinusoidal, periodic or nonperiodic, and balanced or unbalanced electrical systems. The theory was implemented previously in a parallel AF. In this study, the USPAF system is proposed to compensate for the nonsinusoidal and nonperiodic currents and voltages. Distorted source voltages, source voltage sag, and unbalanced nonlinear load current compensation were simultaneously tested in the experiments. Subharmonic and stochastic nonperiodic current and voltage compensation were simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation and experimental results verified the validity of the generalized nonactive power theory for the compensation of periodic (nonsinusoidal) and nonperiodic current and voltage disturbances with the USPAF system.
Deep object classification in low resolution LWIR imagery via transfer learning

In this paper we present an object detection system based on YOLOv2 and transfer learning which is compared to Keras faster RCNN. We evaluate our systems using two infrared datasets: a small dataset of low resolution thermal images and a large dataset of high resolution thermal images both containing the object classes; people and land vehicles. Both detectors are trained on the large dataset of high resolution thermal images and tested using the low resolution images. Fine tuning on the small dataset is implemented to increase the accuracy of the detectors. This research will be of great interest to the defence community as they could save a lot of time and money collecting and annotating data.
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC EFFECT OF ACTIVE FRACTION OF CLEOME RUTIDOSPERMA DC

Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of action of the active sub fraction of C. rutidosperma . This was done by in vivo and in vitro method. Methods: Aqueous extract of C. rutidosperma was sequentially fractionated and re-fractionated to yield the active sub fraction (based on in vivo evaluation). In the in vivo study, the active sub fraction was administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice at graded doses in different prandial states; while for the in vitro method, assessment of the possible effects of the active sub fraction of the plant on glucose absorption by excised ileum as well as its effect on α-glucosidase, α-amylase and glucose 6 phosphatase activities was evaluated. Results: There was significant reduction of blood glucose level by the active sub fraction at different prandial states. The active sub fraction produced comparable hypoglycemic effects as glibenclamide. Likewise, at the doses of 125 and 62.5 mg/kg b. w. , it significantly (p<0.05) reduced postprandial hyperglycemia after administration. Glucose tolerance was significantly (p<0.05) improved in the presence of the active sub fraction to varying degrees. The active sub fraction of C. rutidosperma did not demonstrate inhibitory effects on glucose movement into external solution across the rats excised ileum except at 50g/L and 25g/L where a significant (p<0.05) inhibition of glucose movement was observed. Alpha-amylase inhibitory activity of the active sub fraction was found to be 22. 24% at the lowest concentration of 2.50 mg/ml while the highest concentration of 20.00 mg/ml gave 46.66% inhibition. On the other hand, acarbose (standard) showed inhibition of 16.00 % and 34.43% for its lowest and highest concentrations for α-amylase respectively. Similarly, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity results were: 16.42% and 44.56% for C. rutidosperma and acarbose respectively for the lowest concentration of 2.50 mg/ml, while the highest concentration of 20mg/ml had 64.22% and 87.09% for C. rutidosperma and acarbose respectively. Also, the active sub fraction of the plant showed significant inhibitory activity against glucose 6-phosphatase in a dose dependent fashion. Conclusions: The results revealed that the possible antihyperglycemic mechanism of action of the plant may be by reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia and improvement of glucose tolerance activity by stimulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic cell and inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes. Consequently, C. rutidosperma may be used as a dietary adjunct to counter hyperglycemia and it has the potential to be developed as new oral antidiabetic agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Large Scale Spectral Clustering Using Sparse Representation Based on Hubness

Spectral clustering has been shown to be more effective than most of the traditional clustering algorithms. However, the heavy computational cost of spectral clustering limits its applicability to large-scale clustering problems. To perform spectral clustering on large datasets, in this paper, we propose an accelerated spectral clustering method based on sparse presentation where each data point is presented as sparse linear combinations of a part of representative data points. The hubs that appear frequently in the nearest neighbor lists of other data points are selected as the representative data points, by which a proper spectral embedding is constructed. Taking advantage of the topological property of hubs, the proposed method is able to achieve scalable and accurate clustering results. We evaluated the proposed method on both synthetic and real-world datasets to show its effectiveness in comparison to the existing related methods.
MxB restricts HIV-1 by targeting the tri-hexamer interface of the viral capsid

Myxovirus resistance protein B (MxB) is an interferon-inducible restriction factor of HIV-1 that blocks nuclear import of the viral genome. Evidence suggests that MxB recognizes higher-order interfaces of the HIV capsid lattice, but the mechanistic details of this interaction are not known. Previous studies have mapped the restriction activity of MxB to its N-terminus encompassing a triple arginine motif 11RRR13. Here we demonstrate a direct and specific interaction between the MxB N-terminus and helical assemblies of HIV-1 capsid protein (CA) using highly purified recombinant proteins. We performed thorough mutagenesis to establish the detailed molecular requirements for the CA interaction with MxB. The results map MxB binding to the interface of three CA hexamers, specifically interactions between positively charged MxB N-terminal residues and negatively charged CA residues. Our crystal structures show that the CA mutations affecting MxB interaction and restriction do not alter the conformation of capsid assembly. In addition, 30 microsecond long all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the complex between the MxB N-terminus and the HIV CA tri-hexamer interface show persistent MxB binding and identify a MxB-binding pocket surrounded by three CA hexamers. These results establish the molecular details of the binding of a lattice-sensing host factor onto HIV capsid, and provide insight into how MxB recognizes HIV capsid for the restriction of HIV-1 infection. Author summary The human antiviral protein MxB is a restriction factor that fights HIV infection. Previous experiments have demonstrated that MxB targets the HIV capsid, a protein shell that protects the viral genome. To make the conical shaped capsid, HIV CA proteins are organized into a lattice composed of hexamer and pentamer building blocks, providing many interfaces for host proteins to recognize. Through extensive biochemical and biophysical studies and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that MxB is targeting the HIV capsid by recognizing the region created at the intersection of three CA hexamers. We are further able to map this interaction to a few CA residues, located in a negatively-charged well at the interface between the three CA hexamers. This work provides detailed residue-level mapping of the targeted capsid interface and how MxB interacts. This information could inspire the development of capsid-targeting therapies for HIV.
Probability density functions of hydraulic head and velocity in three‐dimensional heterogeneous porous media

In this study, we assess probability density functions of hydraulic heads and specific discharges in three‐dimensional bounded heterogeneous porous media by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. We discuss their empirical shapes and demonstrate that the intuitive use of obvious information on boundedness leads to parametric distribution functions, which fit surprisingly well. On the basis of statistical moments of hydraulic heads and velocities up to fourth order, we discuss the spatial dependence of the empirical distributions and their dependence on the variance of log conductivity. Comparison of the first and second central moment to the results from classical numerical first‐order second‐moment (FOSM) analysis reveals that FOSM predicts these moments surprisingly close for hydraulic heads. On the basis of this fact, we demonstrate that fitting the chosen parametric distributions for hydraulic heads to FOSM moments is promising for the sake of estimating exceedance probabilities. Our MC scenarios vary in variance of log conductivity (0.125 to 5.0), in the type of multivariate dependence, in correlation scale and types of boundary conditions. Our study illustrates that in contrast to the common assumption, FOSM is a reasonable choice for evaluating multivariate and univariate moments for heads, if used in conjunction with additional information on distribution shapes. In the absence of utilizable additional information, we demonstrate that second‐moment methods are mostly inadequate for assessing distributions accurately. Significant deviations from Gaussian distributions occurred for discharge components even at a variance of log conductivity as low as 0.125, and we found that the distributions of transverse discharge components are extremely fat‐tailed. The observed non‐Gaussianity questions the results of approximate approaches in solute flux and dispersion studies where velocity fields are assumed to be multi‐Gaussian and then directly represented by or generated from their covariances. The main implication is to apply more accurate schemes such as exact non‐local methods, extensive MC or higher‐order stochastic Galerkin approaches, and to include higher‐order moments, at least if no additional assumptions on the shape of distributions are available or justifiable.
Anxiety, Overconfidence, and Excessive Risk Taking

We provide a model that rationalizes variation in confidence in the time series and the cross section. Combining horizon-dependent risk aversion (“anxiety”) and selective memory, we show that overly precise beliefs (“overconfidence”) can arise in the equilibrium of a Bayesian agent’s intrapersonal game. In the time series, overconfidence is more prevalent when actual risk levels are high, while underconfidence occurs when risks are low. As more confident agents take more risk, fluctuations in confidence amplify boom-bust cycles. More anxious agents’ beliefs fluctuate more, leading them to buy in booms and sell in crashes.
Framework of lower-limb musculoskeletal modeling for FES control system development

In recent years, the demand of interest in functional electrical stimulation (FES) is increasing due to the applications especially on spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Numerous studies have been done to regain mobility function and for health benefits especially due to FES control development for the paralyzed person. In this paper, the existing general framework modeling methods have been reviewed and the new modeling framework approach has been discussed. In general modeling and simulation can greatly facilitate to test and tune various FES control strategies. In fact, the modeling of musculoskeletal properties in people with SCI is significantly challenging for researchers due to the complexity of the system. The complexities are due to the complex structural anatomy, complicated movement and dynamics, as well as indeterminate muscle function. Although there are some models have been developed, the complexities of the system resulting mathematical representation that have a large number of parameters which make the model identification process even more difficult. Therefore, a new approach of modeling has been presented which is comparatively less burdened compared with mathematical representations. Hence this musculoskeletal model can be used for FES control system development.
Measures to minimize cross-contamination risks in Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product manufacturing

Current European regulations define in vitro expanded cells for clinical purposes as substantially manipulated and include them in the class of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Pro‐ ducts to be manufactured in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practice. These quality requirements are generally thought to be elaborate and costly. However, they ensure three main product characteristics: safety, consis‐ tency, and absence of cross-contamination. The term crosscontamination is used to indicate misidentification of one cell line or culture by another. The Good Manufacturing Practice Guidelines suggest some recommendations in order to prevent cross-contaminations and require a demonstration that the implemented actions are effective. Here we report some practical examples useful both to minimize crosscontamination risks in an Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products production process and to evaluate the efficacy of the adopted measures.
Iterative resource allocation for ranking spreaders in complex networks

Ranking the spreading influence of nodes in networks is a very important issue with wide applications in many different fields. Various topology-based centrality measures have been proposed to identify influential spreaders. However, the spreading influence of a node is usually not only determined by its own centrality but also largely influenced by the centrality of neighbors. To incorporate the centrality information of neighbors in ranking spreaders, we design an iterative resource allocation (IRA) process in which the resource of nodes distributes to their neighbors according to neighbors' centrality. After iterations, the resource amount on each node will be stable and the final resources of nodes are used to rank their spreading influence. The iterative process can be applied to many traditional centrality measures including degree, K-shell, closeness, and betweenness. The validation of our method is based on the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) spreading in four representative real datasets. The results show that the ranking accuracy of the traditional centrality measures is remarkably enhanced by IRA.
Municipal Cross-Disciplinary Rehabilitation following Stroke in Denmark and Norway: A Qualitative Study

Aim To explore and compare the content of rehabilitation practices in, respectively, a Danish and a Norwegian region, focusing on how the citizens' rehabilitation needs are met during rehabilitation in the municipalities. Method Six Danish and five Norwegian cases were followed 12 months after the onset of stroke. Field work and focus group interviews with multidisciplinary teams in the municipalities were conducted. The conceptual frame of the International Classification of Functioning was used to outline general patterns and local variation in the rehabilitation services. Findings Each of the settings faces different challenges and opportunities in the provision of everyday life-supportive rehabilitation services. Rehabilitation after stroke in both settings basically follows the same guidelines, but the organization of rehabilitation programmes is more specialized in Denmark than in Norway. Team organization, multidisciplinarity, and collaboration to assess and target the patients' needs characterized the Danish rehabilitation services. Decentralized coordination and monodisciplinary contributions with scarce or unsystematic collaboration were common in the Norwegian cases. Seamless holistic rehabilitation was challenged in both countries, but more notably in Norway. The municipal services emphasized physical functioning, which could conflict with the patients' needs. Cognitive disturbances to and aspects of activity or participation were systematically addressed by the interdisciplinary teams in Denmark, while practitioners in Norway found that these disturbances were scarcely addressed. Discussion The study showed major differences in municipal stroke rehabilitation services in the Northern Norway and Central Denmark Regions—in their ability to conduct everyday life—supportive rehabilitation services. Despite the fact that biopsychosocial conceptions of disease and illness, as recommended in the ICF, have been generally accepted, they seemed scarcely implemented in the political and health managerial arenas, especially in Norway. These national diversities can partly be explained by the size of the municipalities and the available health profiles in delivering patient and family-centred rehabilitation services.
Seiches stimulate transient biogeochemical changes in a microtidal coastal ecosystem

We examined the short-term hydrodynamic variability associated with atmospherically forced seiches at a microtidal Mediterranean embayment, its influence in nutrient pumping from the sediment, and the response of phytoplankton. During June 2007, 2 episodes of high-frequency atmospheric pressure fluctuations generated resonant sea-level oscillations. The observed sea-level oscillations varied slightly in both spectral composition and energy, exhibiting 3 predominant oscillation periods: 8.1, 15.2, and 32.9 min. Unusual pulsed increases in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphate (PO4) concentrations in nearshore seawater were observed a few hours after the commencement of the first seiche. Peak nutrient concentrations in DIN (26 μmol l–1) and PO4 (0.35 μmol l–1) were comparable to sediment porewater values, suggesting that the source of enrichment was the hydraulically driven flux through the permeable sediment. Rapid responses in the size spectra of the phytoplankton community, mainly composed of flagellates, were observed in response to perturbations induced by the seiches. Numerical analysis of the submarine porewater exchange revealed that the 8.1 min sea-level oscillations efficiently forced benthic fluxes. This seiche period particularly affected the surveyed area. Our results show a mechanism by which large-scale forcing drives the local ecosystem dynamics, and emphasizes the importance of episodic events in the bottom-up control of microalgal communities in shallow coastal areas.
Integrative Approach to Child and Adolescent Mental Health

The prevalence of mental disorders between children and adolescents is 10–20% worldwide. Research has shown that most mental disorders begin at childhood and adolescence. Neurodevelopmental disorders are classified by which the development of the central nervous system is disturbed and are associated with varying degrees of consequences in one’s mental, emotional, physical, and economic states. Recently, research in mental health, neurobiology, and early childhood development sup ported the case for early intervention and prevention. The causes of mental disorders in children and adolescents are not currently known, but research suggests that a combination of factors that include heredity, biology, psychological trauma, spiritual well-being, and environmental stress might be involved. There are many factors that play into child and adolescent mental health and disorders; therefore, individualized, personalized, and integrative approaches are necessary in therapeutic interventions and prevention. Thus, by ensuring that the needed mental health care competencies are made available in each primary health care team and by assuring fully integrated mental health and other types of health care, primary health care teams would best provide early, efficient, effective, and optimal recovery-based care.
Comparing Organic Urban Consumers in Developing and Developed Countries: First Results in Brazil and France

Despite numerous studies reporting on sustainable consumption or organic consumer profiles, there is a gap in thorough understanding of organic consumers in different places, since most of studies only investigate organic consumption in most developed countries. The goal of this paper is thus to compare French and Brazilian organic consumers, so as to know if people think and behave differently or similarly in different places. Individual interviews were conducted in each country, with consumers in organic producers market in Brazil, and consumers who buy organic products from farmers markets or local organic food network in France. Products were selected to cover examples of different choice situations such as imported organic products that compete with comparable products of local origin, or organic local products in supermarkets that compete with similar products from other distribution outlets. Results show common consumer concerns such as quality or personal and family health, and common preference for local and organic products but for different reasons. However, results also shed light on different patterns related to environmental concerns or commitment to supporting small or local farmers. The impacts of the findings of this study relate to a diversity of topics such as social mobilization for sustainable agriculture, local organic food networks and environmental concerns. French Abstract : De nombreuses recherches portent sur la consommation durable et le profil des consommateurs de produits biologiques, mais ces recherches portent sur la consommation dans les pays developpes, et ne permettent pas de savoir s'il existe des differences de consommation entre pays developpes et pays en developpement. Le but de cet article est de comparer le comportement de consommateurs de produits biologiques en France et au Bresil, sur la base d'entretiens individuels permettant de comparer plusieurs situations de choix : produits biologiques importes en concurrence avec des produits locaux comparables, produits biologiques locaux disponibles en supermarche ou d'en d'autres circuits de distribution,. Les resultats mettent en evidence des attentes communes, comme la qualite ou la sante, et des preferences partagees pour les produits biologiques et locaux, mais pour des raisons differentes dans les deux echantillons. Les resultats montrent egalement que l'importance accordee aux preoccupations environnementales et au soutien aux petits producteurs locaux n'est pas la meme dans les deux echantillons. Cette recherche conduit a des pistes de reflexion portant sur la mobilisation des consommateurs pour la consommation durable, les reseaux de production et consommation de produits biologiques et les preoccupations environnementales des consommateurs.