Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated analysis of solid-state NMR spectra and nuclear magnetic relaxation times for the phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin impregnation process into soft wood

The effects of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin impregnation into Japanese cedar plates were studied by the integrated analysis of solid-state NMR spectra and relaxation times. 13C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) NMR spectra showed that PF resin permeated near carbohydrate polymers as well as lignin regions, providing hydrophobicity in a woody material. Additionally, 13C pulse saturation transfer/magic angle spinning (PST-MAS) NMR spectra revealed that the molecular mobility of cellulose endocyclic groups was suppressed by the PF resin impregnation. Spin-lattice relaxation times in the laboratory frame, T1H and T1C, for both untreated and impregnated woods decreased in humid conditions while they were increased by the PF resin impregnation. Meanwhile, spin-lattice relaxation in the rotation frame, T1ρH, decreased in humid conditions as well as being a result of the PF resin impregnation. According to the tendencies of the T1H, T1C, and T1ρH values associated with the PF resin impregnation, although faster molecular motions of lignin OCH3 group were increased in the MHz frequency range, slower molecular motions of the cellulose ring were suppressed in the kHz frequency range, which confirmed the result from the 13C PST-MAS NMR spectra.
Gravitational radiation from a bounded source. II

A comparaison is made between the coefficients of 1 /r in the asymptotic expansion of the components of the metric tensor in a harmonic coordinate system and in a null coordinate system (a coordinate system adapted to a family of forward null hypersurfaces). It is found that the comparison is most simply made if one takes as null coordinate system a radiative coordinate system of the type introduced by Papapetrou. RÉSUMÉ. On compare les coefficients de 1/r dans le développement asymptotique des composantes du tenseur métrique dans un système de coordonnées harmoniques et un système de coordonnées radiatives du type introduit par Papapetrou. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this article is twofold. First of all we wish to give an asymptotic expansion along a family of forward null hypersurfaces u = const. of the coefficients of the metric tensor in a harmonic coordinate system of a general solution to the Einstein field equations with bounded sources. Secondly, we wish to compare the coefficient of 1/r in this expansion with the coefficient of 1/rin the asymptotic expansion of the components of the same metric tensor in a radiative coordinate system [1]. That is,
Nano Formulation Of Itraconazole And Its Synergism Against Candida Albicans When Combined With Silver Nanoparticle

ObjectiveThe study aims to formulate nanoformulation of itraconazole drug and investigate its antifungal response against Candida albicans when combined with silver nanoparticle. MethodThe nanoparticle of the itraconazole drug was prepared by using solvent diffusion method. The nanoparticle was incorporated with gel which was formulated using Carbopol 400 and HPMC. SEM was used to investigate the morphology of the nanoparticle. FTIR was used for the study of interaction of drug with polymer. In-vitro drug release study was done to see the release of the pure drug and compare it when formulated to nanoparticle. Various physico chemical study like spreadability, viscosity, pH on various formulation of nanogel was done and the suitable one was selected. In-vivo antifungal study was performed against Candida albicans in Wistar albino rats. The antifungal study of itraconazole nanogel and its combination with silver nanoparticle was done which shows a synergistic effect. ConclusionThe conclusion of the study was that itraconazole nanoformulation shows better antifungal activity when combined with silver nanoparticle than compared to the itraconazole nanformulation alone. Hence, it can be concluded that intraconazole nanoparticles show synergistic effect with silver nanoparticle.
Error Compensated Loopless SVRG for Distributed Optimization

A key bottleneck in distributed training of large scale machine learning models is the overhead related to communication of gradients. In order to reduce the communicated cost, gradient compression (e.g., sparsiﬁcation and quantization) and error compensation techniques are often used. In this paper, we propose and study a new efﬁcient method in this space: error compensated loopless SVRG method (L-SVRG). Our method is capable of working with any contraction compressor (e.g., TopK compressor), and we perform analysis for strongly convex optimization problems in the composite case and smooth case. We prove linear convergence rates for both cases and show that in the smooth case the rate has a better dependence on the contraction factor associated with the compressor. Further, we show that in the smooth case, and under some certain conditions, error compensated L-SVRG has the same convergence rate as the vanilla L-SVRG method. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the efﬁciency of our method.
Automated VS. Manual Testing: A Scenario Based Approach Towards Application Development

In order to produce the quality product, assessment is made during and at the end of Software development process to check whether software is error free and to ensure whether specified requirements of the Software are met. This practice is called Software Testing. In order to cope time and resource constraints of this modern era, now a day new way of testing called automated testing is working against manual testing. In automated testing, pre-scripted tests are executed by software tool. A software tool is used to test or check software execution. Actions are pre-recorded and predefined then playback is performed through an automated testing tool, comparison of the results with the expected behavior is made and the success or failure is reported. There exists different mode of testing like unit testing, integration testing and functional testing and each one works in different perspective. Not all types of testing can be automated but a few can be. In this paper various types of testing that can be automated are discussed and how they work in different scenario. The way in which different automated testing tools perform these testing are discussed in this paper.
How Interactivity Can Enhance the Effectiveness of Fear Appeals: A Web-based Field Experiment of Password Security

Passwords remain the dominant authentication mechanism for information security. Unfortunately, research has shown that most passwords are highly insecure. Given the risks of using weak passwords, there is a need to effectively motivate users to select strong passwords. In this study we examine the influence of interactivity, as well as static and interactive fear appeals, on motivating users to increase the strength of their passwords. We developed a field experiment involving the account registration process of a website in use in which we observed the strength of passwords chosen by users. Data were collected from 354 users in 65 countries. We found that while the interactive password strength meter and static fear appeal treatments were not effective, the interactive fear appeal treatment resulted in significantly stronger passwords. Our findings suggest that interactive fear appeals are a promising means of encouraging a range of secure behaviors in end users.
DETECTION OF HIDDEN FUNCTIONALITIES OF SMART PHONE MALWARE APP USING PATTERN-MATCHING TECHNIQUES

Malware developers are progressively using advanced techniques to defeat malware detection tools. One such technique commonly observed in recent malware samples consists of hiding and obfuscating modules containing malicious functionality in places that static analysis tools overlook. In this paper, we describe a dynamic analysis approach for detecting such hidden or obfuscated malware components distributed as parts of an app package. The key idea is behavioral differences between the original app and a number of automatically generated versions of it, where a number of modifications (faults) have been carefully injected. The differential signature is analyzed through a pattern-matching process driven by rules that relate different types of hidden functionalities with patterns found in the signature. A thorough justification and a description of the proposed model are provided.
Surface modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers via controlled radical graft polymerization

Functional chemical modifications on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers via radical graft polymerization could be controlled by managing mutual interactions and affinities between different components in the grafting reaction system. Hansen solubility parameters was used as a tool to quantify affinities of related agents and the polymer, and provided reliable results. The latest results proved the practicality of using Hansen solubility parameters in controlling radical graft polymerizations on surface modifications of PET fibers. Four different monomers with different hydrophilic properties in different solvent and initiator systems were examined, and results confirmed that interactions of initiator-PET, initiator-solvent, monomer-PET, monomer-solvent, and monomer-initiator play important roles in determining the grafting reaction efficiency. Results revealed that for the selected grafting systems studied, hydrophilic monomers presented overall favoring affinities toward PET leading to higher grafting yields compared to hydrophobic monomers. The results have instructive impact to commercial applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45990.
Urinary Incontinence and its impact on Quality of Life among Frail Elderly Males

Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the geriatric giants that affects 15-30% of community dwelling older adults and up to 80% of nursing homes residents (Prud’homme et al., 2018) [1]. Older population is a rapidly growing population that encompasses wide range of individuals varying in physical, functional and cognitive capabilities (Fonda et al., 2005) [2]. Frail elderly represent a clinical phenotype characterized by reduced physiological reserve and high vulnerability to morbidity and mortality with acute stressors (Kojima et al., 2019) [3]. They usually have multiple comorbidities and functional dependence (Fonda et al., 2005) [2]. UI is a common condition in frail older people due to the presence of multiple interacting factors that precipitate loss of continence and aggravate urinary symptoms (Wagg et al., 2014) [4]. The perspectives of frail older people regarding healthrelated QOL include physical (health) and psychological wellbeing, self-dependence and social interaction (Kwong et al., 2014) [5] (Puts et al.,2006) [6]. It was found that prevalent and incident UI exert negative influence on different domains of QOL in frail older individuals (DuBeau et al., 2006) [7]. This may support the concept which states that improving UI enhances health-related QOL and decreases adverse outcomes of UI as falls, pressure ulcers and urinary tract infections. Some authors consider that the use of disease specific tools to assess QOL is more sensitive than general tools to find out the aspects of this disease (Dugger, 2010) [8]. UI had long been studied in females, meanwhile it is a prevalent distressing problem among older males that increases with advancing age (Anger et al., 2006) [9]. Elderly males may have variable bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) including UI, which are all forms of bladder dysfunction (Griebling, 2008) [10]. In the current study, we are trying to focus on this understudied group i.e. frail elderly incontinent males and to analyze the means by which UI can affect health-related QOL by using a disease-specific tool in Abstract Background : Urinary incont inence (UI) is a major geriat r ic problem, that is underest imated in f rai l older males.
Relationships among Loyalty, Image, Satisfaction and Intention Mediated by Trust

Purpose: The objective of this research is to test the mediation role of trust among loyalty, image and satisfaction with the intention to make customers to use bank services in the future. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from traditional banks’ customers. The research uses a structural equation modelling, using LISREL 8.80. Findings: The findings show trust has a partial mediating effect on relationships among loyalty, image and satisfaction with intention. Total, direct and indirect effects of loyalty on intention are positive and significant. Total and indirect effects of image and satisfaction on intention are positive and significant. The direct effects of image and satisfaction on intention are positive but not significant. The indirect effects of image and satisfaction on intention are greater than the direct effects of image and satisfaction on intention. Practical Implications: The research provides an insight to the Indonesian banking sector and the interrelationships among loyalty, image, satisfaction and trust to enhance customers’ intention to repurchase banks’ services in the future. Service policy makers should invest in trust, loyalty, image and satisfaction to enhance customers’ intention to repurchase. Originality/Value: Examination of the indirect effects of image – through trust – on intention contributes more value by understanding the indirect effects of image on increased intention.
Ameliorative Effect of Melissaofficinalison Hepatic Toxicity in Rats

Due to the industrial revolution in recent days, several air pollutants as carbon tetrachloride (CCL4), which has been documented as hepato-degenerative agent; have cumulatively damaged the human health. Therefore, the objective of the current study aimed at investigating the effects of supplementing Carbon tetrachloride CCL4-exposed male Sprague Dawley albino rats with four levels 2.5, 5 and 10%of Melissa powderedon liver disease.The experiment was carried out on 30 male Albino rats divided into 5 equal groups (each group contain 6 rats); [1group]fed on basal diet and kept as a control (-). The other rats were intoxicated by subcutaneous injection of Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 in paraffin oil (1:1 v/v; 2 ml/kg) twice a week for two consecutive weeks to induce hepatic chronic damage, then those rats were divided into: a group that control positivecontrol(+) [2group], a group that fed on basal diet + Melissapowder 2.5% [3group]; a group that fed on basal diet +melissapowder 5% [4group]; a group that fed on basal diet+Melissa powder 10% [5group]
Transcriptome analysis of Marsupenaeus japonicus hepatopancreas during WSSV persistent infection

White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) can cause a large-scale death of cultured shrimp and significant damage to the shrimp farming industry. Marsupenaeus japonicus is one of the world's most important economically farmed shrimp. This study found that some M. japonicus survived the spontaneous outbreak of WSSV. Surprisingly, these virus-carrying shrimp showed no apparent illnesses or outbreaks of white spot disease in the subsequent cultivation, and their body size was substantially smaller than healthy shrimp, indicating a long-term fight between the host and the virus. To investigate this interesting phenomenon, we analyzed the transcriptomes of healthy shrimp and survived shrimp through the RNA-Seq platform, attempting to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism of the struggle between M. japonicus and WSSV. Transcriptional analysis showed that a total of 37,815 unigenes were assembled, with an average length of 1,193.34 bp and N50 of 2,049 bp. In the KEGG pathway, enrichment analysis of DEGs pathways related to immunity, biosynthesis, and growth metabolism was enriched, including pentose phosphate pathway, glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, Wnt signaling pathway, biosynthesis of amino acids, ascorbate, and aldarate metabolism. Our data showed a delicate balance between M. japonicus and WSSV infection: On the one hand, WSSV infection can cause host metabolism and biosynthesis disorders in the host, and the virus consumes a portion of the material and energy required for shrimp average growth and reproduction. If WSSV infection persisted for a long time, then the growth rate of M. japonicus decreased. On the other hand, the host can regulate immune defense to resist subsequent viral infection. This study reveals the underlying molecular mechanism of a long-term battle of M. japonicus against WSSV infection, providing novel insights for preventing WSSV persistent infection in M. japonicus and other farmed shrimp species.
An experimental investigation of why-stripping in Korean*10

Kim, Jeong-Seok, Hye Jin Lee, Su-Hyuk Yoon, Jin Hyung Lee, Jee Young Lee, and Soohyun Kwon. 2021. An experimental investigation of why-stripping in Korean. Linguistic Research 38(2): 271-299. The present study uses an acceptability judgment experiment designed to investigate whether the acceptability of Korean why-stripping is affected by (i) the polarity difference of the antecedent clause, (ii) the marker ani ‘not’ immediately preceding why, or (iii) the type (i.e., short-form or long-form) of negation in the antecedent clause. We propose that way ‘why’ in Korean why-stripping originates in CP and the non-wh remnant is a focus phrase associated with way ‘why’, following Yoshida et al.’s (2015) clausal ellipsis analysis of English why-stripping. Based on the experimental findings, we show that Korean why-stripping favors affirmative antecedent contexts over negative antecedent contexts, as expected from the processing perspective (Fischler et al. 1983; Herbert and Kübler 2011). We also show that the pre-why (i.e., clause-initial) ani ‘not’ in Korean why-stripping is not a negative marker but a discourse marker of conveying elements of surprise or disbelief (cf. Koo 2008). We further show that the type (i.e., short-form or long-form) of negation in the antecedent clause does not matter in why-stripping. In sum, we defend a grammar-plus-processing analysis of Korean why-stripping. (Korea University · Seoul National University)
Improving Vegetative Growth of Aspidistra Elatiorl by Using Media and Fertilization

This experiment was carried out during two consecutive seasons of 2018/2019 in the experimental field of Fac. of Agriculture Moshtoher, Benha University to study the effect of media and fertilization on the growth (vegetative, roots and chemical constituents. The media content sand+ peat moss+ compost \gave significant effect on No. of leaves, leaves area/plant, fresh and dry weight/plant, pedicel length/plant, N, P, K of leaves. The biggest fertilization gave the best results. The obtained results indicated that the combination between media (sand + peat moss +compost) with chemical fertilization at 6 g/ pot gave high significant effect for all data recorded.
Mean-Payo(cid:27) Optimization in Continuous-Time Markov Chains with Parametric Alarms

Mean-payo(cid:27) is widely accepted as an appropriate concept for measuring long-run average performance of systems with rewards or costs. In this presentation, we study the problem of synthesizing parameters for (possibly non-exponentially distributed) events in a given stochastic system to achieve an ε -optimal mean-payo(cid:27). One simple example of such events are timeouts widely used, e
Deep Residual Partitioning

Deep neural networks are trained by solving a hard optimization problem. This optimization problem can be effectively solved using general optimization methods like Adam, but we can exploit the special structure of neural networks to derive even better training algorithms. We introduce residual partitioning, a novel second-order optimization method for training neural nets. In each training iteration, residual partitioning uses Jensen’s inequality to bound the objective; this bound has a diagonal Hessian and so is simple to optimize. In our experiments, we compare residual partitioning with several standard optimization algorithms on several machine learning tasks and conclude residual partitioning converges to a competitive or better solution
Employing No Regret Learners for Pure Exploration in Linear Bandits

We study the best arm identiﬁcation problem in linear multi-armed bandits (LMAB) in the ﬁxed conﬁdence ( δ -PAC) setting; this is also the problem of optimizing an unknown linear function over a discrete ground set with noisy, zeroth-order access. We propose an explicitly implementable and provably order-optimal sample-complexity algorithm to solve this problem. Most previous approaches rely on access to a minimax optimization oracle which is at the heart of the complexity of the problem. We propose a method to solve this optimization problem (upto suitable accuracy) by interpreting the problem as a two-player zero-sum game, and attempting to sequentially converge to its saddle point using low-regret learners to compute the players’ strategies in each round which yields a concrete querying algorithm. The algorithm, which we call the Phased Elimination Linear Exploration Game (PELEG), maintains a high-probability conﬁdence ellipsoid containing θ ∗ in each round and uses it to eliminate suboptimal arms in phases. We analyze the sample complexity of PELEG and show that it matches, up to order, an instance-dependent lower bound on sample complexity in the linear bandit setting without requiring boundedness assumptions on the parameter space. PELEG is, thus, the ﬁrst algorithm to achieve both order-optimal sample complexity and explicit implementability for this setting. We also provide numerical results for the proposed algorithm consistent with its theoretical guarantees.
FERDINAND KAISER Robust Support Vector Machines For Implicit Outlier Removal

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Master's Degree Programme in Information Technology FERDINAND KAISER: Robust Support Vector Machines For Implicit Outlier Removal Master of Science Thesis, 42 pages, 8 Appendix pages November 2012 Major: Signal processing Examiner: Dr. Tech. Ari Visa, M.Sc. Mikko Parviainen
Revitalizing carbon supercapacitor electrodes with hierarchical porous structures

Carbon materials, owing to their excellent electrical conductivity, tailorability, inexpensiveness and versatility, have been extensively studied as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The capacitance of carbon-based supercapacitor electrodes has remained at a mediocre level between 100 and 200 F g−1 for decades. Until recently, a new family of carbon materials termed hierarchical porous carbons has pushed the capacitance to new benchmark values beyond 300 F g−1, and has revitalized the exploration of carbon materials for supercapacitors. Hierarchical porous carbons contain different scales of pores (from micropores to macropores) inter-connected together and assembled in hierarchical patterns. Experimental studies coupled with theoretical investigations have elucidated that the presence of micropores is responsible for offering a large surface area to enhance charge storage capability, whilst mesopores, macropores and the hierarchical structure improve electrolyte infiltration and facilitate ion diffusion. This review will start by introducing different pore types and the definition of hierarchical porous structures, followed by discussion and exemplification of major synthesis strategies. In addition, recent molecular-level understanding of the relationship between pore size, functionalities inside pores, pore spatial distribution and capacitive performance is presented. Finally, challenges and future opportunities associated with hierarchical porous carbons for supercapacitors are discussed.