Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temperature Prediction Based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory and Convolutional Neural Network Combining Observed and Numerical Forecast Data

Weather is affected by a complex interplay of factors, including topography, location, and time. For the prediction of temperature in Korea, it is necessary to use data from multiple regions. To this end, we investigate the use of deep neural-network-based temperature prediction model time-series weather data obtained from an automatic weather station and image data from a regional data assimilation and prediction system (RDAPS). To accommodate such different types of data into a single model, a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) model and a convolutional neural network (CNN) model are chosen to represent the features from the time-series observed data and the RDAPS image data. The two types of features are combined to produce temperature predictions for up to 14 days in the future. The performance of the proposed temperature prediction model is evaluated by objective measures, including the root mean squared error and mean bias error. The experiments demonstrated that the proposed model combining both the observed and RDAPS image data is better in all performance measures for all prediction periods compared with the BLSTM-based model using observed data and the CNN-BLSTM-based model using RDAPS image data alone.
Design and Synthesis of N-Substituted 3,4-Pyrroledicarboximides as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents

In the present paper, we describe the biological activity of the newly designed and synthesized series N-substituted 3,4-pyrroledicarboximides 2a–2p. The compounds 2a–2p were obtained in good yields by one-pot, three-component condensation of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole scaffold (1a–c) with secondary amines and an excess of formaldehyde solution in C2H5OH. The structural properties of the compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR FT-IR, MS, and elemental analysis. Moreover, single crystal X-ray diffraction has been recorded for compound 2h. The colorimetric inhibitor screening assay was used to obtain their potencies to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. According to the results, all of the tested compounds inhibited the activity of COX-1 and COX-2. Theoretical modeling was also applied to describe the binding properties of compounds towards COX-1 and COX-2 cyclooxygenase isoform. The data were supported by QSAR study.
KV1.5–KVβ1.3 Recycling Is PKC-Dependent

KV1.5 channel function is modified by different regulatory subunits. KVβ1. 3 subunits assemble with KV1.5 channels and induce a fast and incomplete inactivation. Inhibition of PKC abolishes the KVβ1. 3-induced fast inactivation, decreases the amplitude of the current KV1.5–KVβ1. 3 and modifies their pharmacology likely due to changes in the traffic of KV1.5–KVβ1. 3 channels in a PKC-dependent manner. In order to analyze this hypothesis, HEK293 cells were transfected with KV1.5–KVβ1. 3 channels, and currents were recorded by whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. The presence of KV1.5 in the membrane was analyzed by biotinylation techniques, live cell imaging and confocal microscopy approaches. PKC inhibition resulted in a decrease of 33 ± 7% of channels in the cell surface due to reduced recycling to the plasma membrane, as was confirmed by confocal microscopy. Live cell imaging indicated that PKC inhibition almost abolished the recycling of the KV1.5–KVβ1. 3 channels, generating an accumulation of channels into the cytoplasm. All these results suggest that the trafficking regulation of KV1.5–KVβ1. 3 channels is dependent on phosphorylation by PKC and, therefore, they could represent a clinically relevant issue, mainly in those diseases that exhibit modifications in PKC activity.
Chromatographic Techniques for the Determination of Free Phenol in Foundry Resins

Phenol is a toxic compound present in a wide variety of foundry resins. Its quantification is important for the characterization of the resins as well as for the evaluation of free contaminants present in foundry wastes. Two chromatographic methods, liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (LC-UV) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), for the analysis of free phenol in several foundry resins, after a simple extraction procedure (30 min), were developed. Both chromatographic methods were suitable for the determination of phenol in the studied furanic and phenolic resins, showing good selectivity, accuracy (recovery 99–100%; relative deviations <5%), and precision (coefficients of variation <6%). The used ASTM reference method was only found to be useful in the analysis of phenolic resins, while the LC and GC methods were applicable for all the studied resins. The developed methods reduce the time of analysis from 3.5 hours to about 30 min and can readily be used in routine quality control laboratories.
Extracting Conditions for Megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii) Skin Collagen Affect Functional Properties of the Resulting Gelatin

: Various procedures for extracting collagen and/or gelatin from megrim skins were compared on the basis of gelatin functional properties. It was possible to prepare a dry powder of soluble collagen with good viscoelastic and gelling properties, which can be converted into gelatin by dissolving at temperatures above 45 °C. Physical properties of gelatins are influenced more by extracting conditions than by imino acid composition. A high-quality, readily-dissolved gelatin was obtained from megrim skins using a pretreatment of the skins with NaCl and dilute NaOH, then swelling with 0.05 M acetic acid followed by an extraction step in water at 45 °C.
Stabilization of silver nanoparticles by polyelectrolytes and poly(ethylene glycol)

Silver nanoparticles of 23 nm size were formed by chemical reduction of silver nitrate in excess of aqueous sodium borohydride. To examine the aggregation behavior in NaCl solutions, they were coated with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(ethylene glycol) by layer-by-layer assembly. Silver nanoparticles coated with PDADMAC of both high and low molecular weight revealed the lowest stability independent of salt concentration. Silver nanoparticles coated with PAH and PEG are stable in 0.1 or 0.01 M NaCl, whereas addition of 0.5 M NaCl destroys the colloidal solution. The destruction of silver agglomerates and the increase of monodispersity in the case of PEG coated silver nanoparticles were observed after heating at 90 °C. In contrast, uncoated silver nanoparticles readily agglomerate and precipitate even after heating at 65 °C.
High-throughput splicing assays identify missense and silent splice-disruptive POU1F1 variants underlying pituitary hormone deficiency

Pituitary hormone deficiency occurs in ~1:4,000 live births. Approximately 3% of the cases are due to mutations in the alpha isoform of POU1F1, a pituitary-specific transcriptional activator. We found four separate heterozygous missense variants in unrelated hypopituitarism patients that were predicted to affect a minor isoform, POU1F1 beta, which can act as a transcriptional repressor. These variants retain repressor activity, but they shift splicing to favor the expression of the beta isoform, resulting in dominant negative loss of function. Using a high throughput splicing reporter assay, we tested 1,080 single nucleotide variants in POU1F1. We identified 113 splice disruptive variants, including 23 synonymous variants. We evaluated separate cohorts of hypopituitarism patients and found two different synonymous splice disruptive variants that co-segregate with hypopituitarism. This study underlines the importance of evaluating the impact of variants on splicing and provides a catalog for interpretation of variants of unknown significance in the POU1F1 gene.
Inhaled budesonide in the treatment of early COVID-19 illness: a randomised controlled trial

Background Multiple early hospital cohorts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) showed that patients with chronic respiratory disease were significantly under-represented. We hypothesised that the widespread use of inhaled glucocorticoids was responsible for this finding and tested if inhaled glucorticoids would be an effective treatment for early COVID-19 illness. Methods We conducted a randomised, open label trial of inhaled budesonide, compared to usual care, in adults within 7 days of the onset of mild Covid-19 symptoms. The primary end point was COVID-19-related urgent care visit, emergency department assessment or hospitalisation. The trial was stopped early after independent statistical review concluded that study outcome would not change with further participant enrolment. Results 146 patients underwent randomisation. For the per protocol population (n=139), the primary outcome occurred in 10 participants and 1 participant in the usual care and budesonide arms respectively (difference in proportion 0.131, p=0.004). The number needed to treat with inhaled budesonide to reduce COVID-19 deterioration was 8. Clinical recovery was 1 day shorter in the budesonide arm compared to the usual care arm (median of 7 days versus 8 days respectively, logrank test p=0.007). Proportion of days with a fever and proportion of participants with at least 1 day of fever was lower in the budesonide arm. Fewer participants randomised to budesonide had persistent symptoms at day 14 and day 28 compared to participants receiving usual care. Conclusion Early administration of inhaled budesonide reduced the likelihood of needing urgent medical care and reduced time to recovery following early COVID-19 infection.
Nailed-bat like halloysite nanotube filled polyamide 6,6 nanofibers by electrospinning

ABSTRACT The present study focuses on fabrication and characterization of halloysite nanotube (HNT) filled polyamide 6,6 nanocomposite fibers. HNTs were incorporated into the spinning solution at various concentration levels changing from 5 to 30 wt%. To understand the changes in the fiber morphology, viscosity, and conductivity of the electrospining solutions were also investigated. Depending on the filler ratio, increase in the solution viscosity was around 5–19%. However the change in solution conductivity was not significant and around 0.22–2.5 %. In addition to solution properties, morphology, structure, thermal and mechanical properties of the electrospun nanocomposite fibers were characterized. Morphological analysis showed the highly porous nanofibrous mat structure for all samples. HNT filled samples showed higher average fiber diameter than PA 6,6 fibers with the values around 105–162 nm. One significant outcome of the study was to obtain nano nailed-bat like morphology. During the electrospinning some of the halloysite nanotubes protruded from the fiber axis and formed nano nailed-bat like morphology. HNT/PA 6,6 nanofibers showed better thermal stability. T10% values moved around 5–30 °C and char yield increased to 9–27% based on the filler ratio. On the other hand, the tensile strength of the HNT/PA 6,6 nanofibers decreased around 32–42%. Graphical abstract
Low Dose Rivaroxaban for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: This study aims to explore the role of low-dose rivaroxaban (≤10 mg daily) for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Methods: PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of low-dose rivaroxaban in patients with ASCVD including coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were carried out independently by two researchers. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random-effect models to determine risks of outcomes in ASCVD patients treated with rivaroxaban and comparators, and meta-analysis was conducted via Review Manager 5.3. 5 software. Results: 3,768 records were obtained through literature search, and 9 articles representing 6 RCTs ultimately qualified for this study. The meta-analysis indicated that for patients with CAD, the addition of rivaroxaban (5 mg daily) to aspirin could significantly reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) compared with aspirin alone (HR 0.81, 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.91, p = 0.0004, I2 = 60%, 4 studies). For PAD patients receiving rivaroxaban (5 mg daily) plus aspirin, there was no significant reduction in the risk of MACEs (HR 0.84, 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.13, p = 0.25, I2 = 74%, 2 studies); however, there was significant reduction in major adverse limb events (MALEs) (HR 0.54, 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.83, p = 0.005, one studies) and in the composite of MACEs or MALEs (HR 0.78, 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.95, p = 0.02, I2 = 66%, 2 studies) when compared with patients receiving aspirin alone. Meanwhile, rivaroxaban combined with aspirin significantly increased the risk of International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) major bleeding compared with aspirin alone in patients with CAD (HR 1.74, 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.13, p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%, 2 studies) and PAD (HR 1.47, 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.83, p = 0.0004, I2 = 0%, 2 studies). Conclusions: Compared with standard antiplatelet therapy, the addition of a 5 mg daily dose of rivaroxaban to standard antiplatelet therapy may improve cardiovascular or limb outcomes of patients with ASCVD, with an increase in major bleeding. Patients who would benefit from the addition of low-dose rivaroxaban to antiplatelet agents and appropriate dual-pathway antithrombotic strategies should be identified in clinical practice to individualize antithrombotic therapy.
Place-Based Ecosystem Management: Adapting Integrated Ecosystem Assessment Processes for Developing Scientifically and Socially Relevant Indicator Portfolios

Abstract Developing a comprehensive portfolio of theoretically sound indicators is fundamental to effective place-based management of coastal ecosystems at a wide range of scales. We reviewed indicator development case studies from seven different social-ecological systems over the first 10 years of the NOAA integrated ecosystem assessment (IEA) program, with the goals of identifying effective strategies and highlighting general principles that would inform future efforts. The IEA framework provided a versatile approach to developing indicators across a diverse range of differently scaled systems and partnerships, guided by organizing principles of screening transparency, iterative review, and an adaptive balance between quantitative evaluation methods and qualitative stakeholder guidance. Information exchange across the broad community of EBM practitioners facilitated progress between systems, chronologically tracking a path that reflected improvements in indicator development methods (especially for social indicators) and a growing focus on multisector EBM in smaller coastal communities. Most projects adopted innovative visual imagery to engage partners and stakeholders, which built trust and communication while enhancing the spectrum of indicators. Using guidance from the lessons above, future indicator development efforts will be better prepared to confront the recurring, transdisciplinary challenges of managing integrated social-ecological systems.
New Insights Into Potential Benefits of Bioactive Compounds of Bee Products on COVID-19: A Review and Assessment of Recent Research

The recent emergence of COVID‐19 represents one of the biggest challenges facing the world today. Despite the recent attempts to understand the epidemiological pattern and pathogenesis of the disease, detailed data about the physiology and pathology of the disease is still out of reach. Moreover, the lack of a widespread vaccine prompts an urgent call for developing a proper intervention strategy against the virus. Importantly, identification of novel molecules that target replication of the virus represents one of the promising strategies for the control this pandemic crisis. Among others, honey bee products contain numerous bioactive compounds such as propolis and several phenolic compounds that possess a wide range of therapeutic properties for combating various pathological disorders and infectious agents. The intention of the present review is to highlight the stages of SARS-CoV-2 lifecycle, the molecular mechanisms explaining the health benefits of honey bee products on COVID‐19 physiology and pathology and the possible limitations. Further future research is suggested to explore more about bee natural bioactive compounds as potential candidates against SARS-CoV-2.
Comparative Cell Surface Proteomic Analysis of the Primary Human T Cell and Monocyte Responses to Type I Interferon

The cellular response to interferon (IFN) is essential for antiviral immunity, IFN-based therapy and IFN-related disease. The plasma membrane (PM) provides a critical interface between the cell and its environment, and is the initial portal of entry for viruses. Nonetheless, the effect of IFN on PM proteins is surprisingly poorly understood, and has not been systematically investigated in primary immune cells. Here, we use multiplexed proteomics to quantify IFNα2a-stimulated PM protein changes in primary human CD14+ monocytes and CD4+ T cells from five donors, quantifying 606 and 482 PM proteins respectively. Comparison of cell surface proteomes revealed a remarkable invariance between donors in the overall composition of the cell surface from each cell type, but a marked donor-to-donor variability in the effects of IFNα2a. Furthermore, whereas only 2.7% of quantified proteins were consistently upregulated by IFNα2a at the surface of CD4+ T cells, 6.8% of proteins were consistently upregulated in primary monocytes, suggesting that the magnitude of the IFNα2a response varies according to cell type. Among these differentially regulated proteins, we found the viral target Endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (ECE1) to be an IFNα2a-stimulated protein exclusively upregulated at the surface of CD4+ T cells. We therefore provide a comprehensive map of the cell surface of IFNα2a-stimulated primary human immune cells, including previously uncharacterized interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and candidate antiviral factors.
Brain Shift in Neuronavigation of Brain Tumors: An Updated Review of Intra-Operative Ultrasound Applications

Neuronavigation using pre-operative imaging data for neurosurgical guidance is a ubiquitous tool for the planning and resection of oncologic brain disease. These systems are rendered unreliable when brain shift invalidates the patient-image registration. Our previous review in 2015, Brain shift in neuronavigation of brain tumours: A review offered a new taxonomy, classification system, and a historical perspective on the causes, measurement, and pre- and intra-operative compensation of this phenomenon. Here we present an updated review using the same taxonomy and framework, focused on the developments of intra-operative ultrasound-based brain shift research from 2015 to the present (2020). The review was performed using PubMed to identify articles since 2015 with the specific words and phrases: “Brain shift” AND “Ultrasound”. Since 2015, the rate of publication of intra-operative ultrasound based articles in the context of brain shift has increased from 2–3 per year to 8–10 per year. This efficient and low-cost technology and increasing comfort among clinicians and researchers have allowed unique avenues of development. Since 2015, there has been a trend towards more mathematical advancements in the field which is often validated on publicly available datasets from early intra-operative ultrasound research, and may not give a just representation to the intra-operative imaging landscape in modern image-guided neurosurgery. Focus on vessel-based registration and virtual and augmented reality paradigms have seen traction, offering new perspectives to overcome some of the different pitfalls of ultrasound based technologies. Unfortunately, clinical adaptation and evaluation has not seen as significant of a publication boost. Brain shift continues to be a highly prevalent pitfall in maintaining accuracy throughout oncologic neurosurgical intervention and continues to be an area of active research. Intra-operative ultrasound continues to show promise as an effective, efficient, and low-cost solution for intra-operative accuracy management. A major drawback of the current research landscape is that mathematical tool validation based on retrospective data outpaces prospective clinical evaluations decreasing the strength of the evidence. The need for newer and more publicly available clinical datasets will be instrumental in more reliable validation of these methods that reflect the modern intra-operative imaging in these procedures.
Construction and Validation of Nomograms Predicting Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients of Childbearing Age

Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer with poorest clinical outcomes. Patients of childbearing age have a higher probability of TNBC diagnosis, with more demands on maintenance and restoration of physical and psychosocial function. This study aimed to design effective and comprehensive nomograms to predict survival in these patients. Methods We used the SEER database to identify patients with TNBC aged between 18 and 45 and randomly classified these patients into a training (n=2,296) and a validation (n=2,297) cohort. Nomograms for estimating overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) were generated based on multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and competing-risk models in the training cohort. The performances of the nomograms were quantified in the validation cohort using calibration curves, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Harrell’s concordance index (C-index). Results A total of 4,593 TNBC patients of childbearing age were enrolled. Four prognostic factors for OS and six for BCSS were identified and incorporated to construct nomograms. In the validation cohort, calibration curves showed excellent agreement between nomogram-predicted and actual survival data. The nomograms also achieved relatively high Harrell’s C-indexes and areas under the time-dependent ROC curves for estimating OS and BCSS in both training and validation cohorts. Conclusions Independent prognostic factors were identified, and used to develop nomograms to predict OS and BCSS in childbearing-age patients with TNBC. These models could enable individualized risk estimation and risk-adapted treatment for these patients.