Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Dynamics of Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth of Ethiopia: A Vector Error Correction (VEC) Model Approach

Economic growth is one of the primary goals of developing countries like Ethiopia. Hence, investigating the causes of economic growth in such country is of great importance. Thus, in this study, the impact of trade openness on economic growth of Ethiopia from 1982 to 2019 on data obtained from World Bank (WB) database were investigated. The methodology employed in this study is vector error correction model (VECM). A Unit root test was carried out using the ADF and PP tests. From unit root results, all series are non-stationary at levels. The first differences of all series, however, were found to be stationary. For the study period, there was one co-integrating relationship. The estimated long run model shows the existence of strong positive long-run relationship between trade openness and economic growth. The Block Exogeneity Wald Tests result shows a one-way causality running from trade openness to economic growth. The estimated coefficient of the error correction term (α = -0.702) is negative and statistically significant at the one percent level, indicating about 70.2% of the short run disequilibrium in economic growth will be adjusted within a year (the same year). Moreover, in the short run, one-time lagged trade openness has a significant positive impact on the current growth rate of real GDP. Furthermore, the model diagnostic result shows non-autocorrelation and normal residuals.
Blood flow modelling and applications to blood coagulation and atherosclerosis

The thesis is devoted to discrete and continuous modelling of blood flows and related phenomena such as blood coagulation and atherosclerosis. It includes the development of mathematical and numerical models of blood coagulation, numerical simulations and the mathematical analysis of a model problem of chronic inflammation during atherosclerosis. The main part of the thesis concerns modelling of blood coagulation in vivo which takes into account blood flows, biochemical reactions in plasma and platelet aggregation. The main novelty of this work is the development of a hybrid (discrete-continuous) model of blood coagulation and clot formation in flow. The model is used to study several aspects of blood coagulation in flow : platelet aggregation and its interaction with coagulation pathways, influence of the flow speed on the clot development, a possible mechanism by which clot stops growing. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the mathematical analysis of a model of chronic inflammation related to atherosclerosis. In this thesis we study a model problem which describes the propagation of a reaction-diffusion wave in the 2D case with non-linear boundary conditions. For that we use the Leray-Schauder method and a priori estimates of solutions in order to prove the existence of waves in the bistable case. Numerical simulations carried out in the framework of this thesis were based on the numerical implementation of the corresponding models and on the software development. Since the numerical simulations were computationally expensive, a substantial effort was directed to software parallelization and optimization.
Screencast for Learning DOS Command

: The Screencast is the result of a recording or screenshot of the monitor that is presented in video format. the developed media is screencast which contains basic DOS (Disk Operating System) commands. There are two basic types of commands namely internal and external commands. The purpose of this development is to provide a medium that is used to learn basic computer commands or build a learning environment. The development follows the steps modelled by Sadiman which consists of nine steps. The validation process has been carried out and obtained results that the media is appropriate for use in learning despite revisions in presenting it. Trials were also conducted on students and received positive responses. Note the results of the development, especially from the user are some technical things in the recording and the need for the presence of the instructor.
Hepatoprotective activity of Cuscuta reflexa aqueous and alcoholic extracts against CCl4 induced toxicity in rats

Abstract Introduction In the present study the impact of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa were investigated on rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). CCl4 is known to intoxicate the liver of rats which can be easily be observed by examining the total protein, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase ALT). Cuscuta reflexa have been used in traditional medicine culture from time immemorial. In this study both the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa were found to have curative impact on liver profile of CCl4 intoxicated rats. Materials and Methods. The stem of Cuscuta reflexa were collected from host bougainvillea, dried in shade and were subjected to alcoholic (ethanolic), and aqueous extraction. Albino rats were intoxicated with CCl4 to induce hepatotoxicity. The CCl4 intoxicated rats were treated with low dose and high dose of both the extracts to assess the hepatoprotective impact on intoxicated rats. The results clearly revealed that the CCl4 administration altered liver profile. The altered liver profile parameters recovered to normal after administration of aqueous and alcoholic extracts. Results and Discussion. Administration of CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats, which was evident with the results of serum analysis. Post CCl4 administration the liver profile parameters were altered. The CCl4 intoxicated rats were then treated with aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa. Post treatment with the extracts the liver profile parameters recovered to normal. Conclusion: Present study reveals that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa were found to have curative impact on liver profile of CCl4 intoxicated rats.
Modeling the thermodynamics and kinetics of sulfuric acid-dimethylamine-water nanoparticle growth in the CLOUD chamber

ABSTRACT Dimethylamine (DMA) has a stabilizing effect on sulfuric acid (SA) clusters, and the SA and DMA molecules and clusters likely play important roles in both aerosol particle formation and growth in the atmosphere. We use the monodisperse particle growth model for acid-base chemistry in nanoparticle growth (MABNAG) together with direct and indirect observations from the CLOUD4 and CLOUD7 experiments in the cosmics leaving outdoor droplets (CLOUD) chamber at CERN to investigate the size and composition evolution of freshly formed particles consisting of SA, DMA, and water as they grow to 20 nm in dry diameter. Hygroscopic growth factors are measured using a nano-hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (nano-HTDMA), which combined with simulations of particle water uptake using the thermodynamic extended-aerosol inorganics model (E-AIM) constrain the chemical composition. MABNAG predicts a particle-phase ratio between DMA and SA molecules of 1.1–1.3 for a 2 nm particle and DMA gas-phase mixing ratios between 3.5 and 80 pptv. These ratios agree well with observations by an atmospheric-pressure interface time-of-flight (APi-TOF) mass spectrometer. Simulations with MABNAG, direct observations of the composition of clusters <2 nm, and indirect observations of the particle composition indicate that the acidity of the nucleated particles decreases as they grow from ∼1 to 20 nm. However, MABNAG predicts less acidic particles than suggested by the indirect estimates at 10 nm diameter using the nano-HTDMA measurements, and less acidic particles than observed by a thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometer (TDCIMS) at 10–30 nm. Possible explanations for these discrepancies are discussed. Copyright © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research
Taxes in Non-GAAP Reporting: Evidence of Strategic Behavior on Tax Rates Applied to Non-GAAP Exclusion Items

When reporting after-tax non-GAAP earnings, firms need to adjust for the tax effects of non-GAAP exclusions. Since 2010, the SEC has issued two Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations (hereafter, C&DIs) which specifically require the tax effects of exclusions to be separately disclosed. In this study, we assemble a detailed hand-collected dataset of S&P 1500 firms to provide the first large-sample evidence on the reporting of the tax effects. We document three findings. First, echoing the SEC’s concern, a significant proportion of non-GAAP reporting firms do not follow the C&DIs’ guidelines (i.e., the tax effects of exclusions are not separately disclosed). Second, among firms that disclose the tax effects of exclusions, we find that managers opportunistically use the tax rate applied to non-GAAP exclusions (hereafter, TREx) to achieve after-tax earnings targets. Third, firm-reported non-GAAP earnings calculated using TREx are less persistent for future operating earnings and cash flows, as compared to non-GAAP earnings calculated using various benchmark tax rates. This finding suggests that the opportunistic use of TREx pollutes reported non-GAAP earnings and reduces its usefulness for predicting future earnings. Overall, our study sheds light on a specific channel through which firms use non-GAAP reporting to meet or beat earnings expectations.
Aged garlic extract potentiates doxorubicin cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells

Purpose: To investigate the potential chemo-sensitizing effect of aged garlic extract (AGE) on doxorubicin (DOX) in breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and the possible underlying mechanisms.Methods: Human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was treated with AGE and DOX. The cytotoxic effects of AGE and DOX were investigated via cell cycle analysis and apoptosis induction, using flow cytometry. Mechanistic studies involved the determination of cellular uptake of DOX and p-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity.Results: Combined treatment of MCF7 cells with AGE and DOX produced no significant effect at AGE dose of 10 mg/mL. However, co-treatment with AGE at doses of 50 and 93 mg/mL enhanced the cytotoxicity of DOX on MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values of 0.962 and 0.999 μM, respectively, whencompared with 1.85 μM DOX alone. Moreover, Annexin V-FITC and PI techniques showed that AGE significantly increased percentage of cells in late apoptosis. Besides, AGE-DOX treatment significantly increased cellular uptake of DOX and inhibited P-gp activity, when compared with DOX alone (p < 0.05). Conclusion: AGE enhances the cytotoxic effect of DOX on MCF-7 cells, most likely due to cell cycle distribution, stimulation of apoptosis, increased uptake of DOX by MCF7, and inhibition of P-gp activity. Keywords: Aged garlic extract, Doxorubicin, Breast cancer, MCF-7 cell line, P-glycoprotein, Apoptosis, Cell cycle
Application Method Simple Multi-Attribute Rating The Technique (SMART) At Selection Receiving Scholarship Tahfidz

The Tahfidz Scholarship is a development program for Mahfouz centers in the community, community, educational institutions, and installations. The aim is to form and print Al-Quran memorizers. So far, the system used to determine the selection of scholarship recipients is by selecting one by one the data and values ? of the applicants. So that it can cause errors in the final selection stage. In addition, if you still use manual methods, there is a concern that the selection of prospective scholarship recipients will not be conducted objectively. So use of a computer-based Decision Support System can be used as a solution to facilitate decision making. The method used in this study is the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART). The purpose of this study was to facilitate the Tahfiz Center (RTC) Research and Development section in selecting prospective Tahfidz scholarship recipients. From the results of this study, it is hoped that the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method can be implemented in the Scholarship Recipient Selection Decision Support System with the output of data on scholarship recipients who received assistance from the Tahfiz Center (RTC) House.
Do Newer Antidepressant Drugs Really Have Reduced Side Effects? Examining a Random “Real World” Sample of 300+ Receivers of Medications

Newer antidepressant drugs are frequently cited as having reduced side effect profiles to that of their older counterparts. However, recent studies have begun to dispute this claim, citing selective sampling, short clinical trials, and clinical trial environments as influencing reported outcomes. At present, little research on antidepressant side effects draws on RWD (Real-World Data). Despite this, interest in examining RWD samples for antidepressant drug side effects is increasing as of 2020. The reported study asked a random sample of 300+ individuals taking a variety of different antidepressant medications to complete online drug side effect self-report scales with previously high validity. Newer antidepressants belonging to the atypical antidepressant drug class were reported as having only slightly reduced side effects of weight gain compared with older SSRI-class medications. No reduced side effects of increased depression, anxiety, sexual dysfunction (SD), sleepiness, or suicidal ideation (SI) were found for the newer atypical-class medications vs older SSRI-class agents. Medication adherence did not differ significantly between SSRI and atypical classes. No evidence for reduced side effects was found for newer SSRI and atypical antidepressants vs older same-class drugs when comparing six new and old medications drawn from atypical and SSRI classes. However, atypical antidepressants were associated with increased use of adjunct medications to bolster primary treatment.
Inhibitory effect of MnCr2O4 spinel coating on coke formation during light naphtha thermal cracking

In this paper, MnCr2O4 spinel coating was fabricated on a HP40 alloy by pack cementation and subsequent thermal oxidation. The spinel coating was dense and uniform, and was applied to inhibit coke formation during light naphtha thermal cracking. Coking behaviors on the HP40 alloy and spinel coated alloy were compared under the same conditions. The anti-coking rate of the MnCr2O4 spinel coating exceeded 60% during light naphtha thermal cracking. Lots of filamentous coke formed on the uncoated HP40 alloy, but catalytic coke was completely inhibited on the MnCr2O4 spinel coated alloy resulting in a granular appearance of coke. Raman spectra analyses indicated that coke deposited on the surface of the spinel coating had a larger proportion of disordered carbon and amorphous carbon compared with that on the uncoated HP40 alloy.
Catheter directed pulmonary artery thrombolysis in a Covid-19 positive patient with massive pulmonary embolism

Thromboembolic complications are common complications amongst cases of COVID-19 worldwide. This occurrence has seen a key role of endovascular treatment in managing this potentially fatal complication. Endovascular thrombectomy or catheter directed thrombolysis is a fast and effective method for treatment of pulmonary embolisms, especially in the setting of a pandemic. However, good workflow and safety measures should be strictly adhered to ensure a favorable outcome of patients and ensure safety of treating personnel.
REVIEW: SINTESIS KARBON NANOPARTIKEL

Karbon merupakan suatu material yang memiliki berbagai keunggulan dari segi sifat fisika dan kimia, sehingga banyak dikembangkan oleh para peneliti saat ini. Keunggulan yang dimiliki oleh karbon ini menjadikannya sebagai material dengan aplikasi yang luas. Performa dari karbon ini dipengaruhi oleh morfologi (seperti: karbon koloidal, nanotube, fullerenese, grafit, grafen, colloidal sphere, nanofiber, porous carbon, nanowire, dan karbon aktif) yang dimiliki akibat metode dan kondisi sintesis. Paper ini terbagai kedalam tiga bagian utama, yaitu: pendahuluan yang berisikan tinjauan umum tentang material karbon, kemudian akan dikaji beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan dalam proses sintesis partikel karbon, diantaranya: metode karbonisasi, metode hidrotermal, dan metode template untuk sintesis karbon berpori. Bagian terakhir dari paper ini adalah aplikasi yang meninjau pemanfaatan dari keunggulan partikel karbon tersebut dalam berbagai bidang, seperti: sensor antibodi, elektroda baterai, dan penyerap limbah.
Performance Appraisal and Service Delivery in Public Technical & Vocational Educational Training Colleges in Kenya

Performance appraisal is seen as a useful tool for articulating clear organizational objectives and its evolved management styles placing emphasis on outcomes rather than processes. The Appraisal System is premised on the principle of work planning, setting of agreed targets, feedback and reporting. This study examined the influence of performance appraisal on service delivery in Public Technical & Vocational Educational Training Colleges in Kenya. The study was guided by Goal theory, Attribution Theory and Maslow’s Theory of Needs. The target population was 380 participants with a sample size of 191 determined from Krejcie and Morgan table. Stratified random sampling was adopted to select participants. Cross-sectional survey design was used. The collected data was classified, summarized, coded, sorted and SPSS software used for analysis. The study used mean, standard deviation, frequencies and frequency percentages, in analysis for descriptive statistics, while regression analysis was used for inferential statistics. The results showed that regression coefficients for the performance appraisal was (β=. 684; p=0.040. This point to the fact that performance appraisal would significantly contribute in improving service delivery of TVETs. The study recommends that sufficient stakeholder involvement should be prioritized in setting performance targets as a basis for appraisal for best service delivery.
The Effect of A Demand Side Financing Program on the Continuum of Maternal and Child Health Care in India

Background The Indian Government launched a demand-side financing program, ‘Janani Suraksha Yojana’ (JSY) in 2005 with the aim of reducing maternal and neonatal mortality through increased access to institutional delivery care service. This paper analyses the effects of the JSY on the uptake of maternal and child health (MNCH) care services intending to understand the overall impact of the program on the continuum of care. Methods Using the 2013-14 round of the District-level Household Survey (DLHS) surveyed in high performing states, the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) was estimated by using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Results are reported regarding both ATTs and deviations from the theoretical continuum of care line, which represents 100% uptake, i.e., all women availing all the MNCH services. Results Overall, JSY effects on MNCH components ranged between 0.7% and 12%. As expected, the highest impact of the JSY was on institutional delivery (ATT: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.104-0.131) and the lowest for breastfeeding more than six months (ATT: 0.007; 95% CI: -0.014-0.027). Deviation from the complete continuum of care line ranged from 2.3% to 80.9%. The highest deviation was for three or more Tetanus Toxoid (100%-19.1%=80.9%) injections and the lowest for Polio given at any time (100%-97.7%=2.3%). Conclusions The program had high effects on those MNCH care services, the uptakes of which were already high without the program (low deviations from the continuum of care line), and the program had low effects on those MNCH care services, which had low uptakes in the absence of the program (high deviations from the continuum of care line). The program should also incentivize the utilization of those MNCH care services, which have low uptakes in the absence of the program.
Phase competition and effect of chemical ordering in ferroelectric relaxor PbSc0.5Nb0.5O3 from first principles

ABSTRACT We present results of first principles calculations for ferroelectric relaxor PbSc0.5Nb0. 5O3. An ordered supercell with Sc and Nb atoms alternating in all directions (NaCl-like superstructure) has a ferroelectric ground state with R3 spacegroup. It is characterized by a tilt system a−a−a− as well as different sizes of adjacent oxygen octahedra. Analysis of phonon instabilities in cubic reveals similarity with an antiferroelectric PbZrO3. This is further confirmed by the fact that possibly antiferroelectric P21/b structure of PbSc0.5Nb0. 5O3 (symmetry lowered from Pbam due to Sc/Nb superstructure) is energetically very close to the ground state. The ferroelectric order is shown to be less sensitive to deviations in the B-site distribution than the antiferroelectric one.
A Prognostic Model for the Overall Survival of Patients with Ewing's Sarcoma

Background: Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor. Although the disease has been studied on a molecular basis, its prognosis has not improved. Therefore, the goal of this study is to screen effective biomarkers for predicting the prognosis and progression of ES.Methods: In this study, the gene expression profile of Ewing's sarcoma was downloaded from public databases. Candidate genes were screened by two methods of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential genes expression analysis, and the Hub gene were determined by the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. The univariate cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and the selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were performed on the Hub gene to construct a prognostic model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve tests the predictive power of the prognostic model. Use the clinical data in the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database for verification. Finally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to obtain the biological role of prognostic genes in ES.Results: A total of 542 differentially expressed genes（DEGs） were obtained. Through WGCNA, the obtained turquoise module is significantly related to ES. PPI network analysis of candidate genes identified 10 Hub genes. The univariate cox regression results showed that CACNB1, IDH2, ATP1B4, PRKAG3, STAC3 are risk factors affecting the prognosis of ES. A prognostic model was constructed using IDH2 and PRKAG3, and patients were divided into two risk groups. The survival time of patients in the high-risk group was significantly shorter than that in the low-risk group. The ROC curve confirms that this model has certain accuracy. IGCG cohort verification yielded consistent results. GSEA results showed that IDH2 in the development of ES may promote the progression of the disease through G2M CHECKPOINT, GLYCOLYSIS, MITOTIC SPINDLE, MTORC1 SIGNALING, PEROXISOME, PI3K-AKT-MTOR SIGNALING pathways, while PRKAG3 through MYOGENESIS pathway.Conclusions: This study shows that IDH2 and PRKAG3 may play important roles in the progression of ES, and can be used as therapeutic targets and prognostic evaluation biomarkers.