Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Induction of Caterpillar Resistance in Sunflower Using Silicon and Acibenzolar-S-Methyl

The sunflower caterpillar Chlosyne lacinia saundersii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) is considered a major pest in sunflower, causing severe defoliation and, thus, threatening production of oilseed. Chemical control remains the most widely used method for the management of this defoliator. To manage insect pests, there is a need to use substances of low toxicity that are able to stimulate the plant to use its own defense mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the induction of resistance by silicon (Si) and acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) against C. lacinia saundersii in sunflower plants. The bioassay was conducted in a completely randomized design using 4 treatments and 10 replicates. The treatments were: (1) Si; (2) ASM; (3) Si+ASM, and (4) the control. The biological parameters of the caterpillar and the accumulation of Si and lignin in plants were evaluated. The application of resistance inducers reduced weight of the caterpillars 10 and 15 days of age. The use of Si alone or Si+ASM promoted the accumulation of this element; however, only ASM increased lignin content in plants. Negative correlations between the silicon content and larval weight and between the silicon content and lignin content were observed. Therefore, the application of silicic acid or ASM can inhibit the development of C. lacinia saundersii , conferring a resistance in plants attributable to the accumulation of silicon and lignin, thus serving as an alternative approach that may potentially be integrated into the management of this key pest in sunflower crops.
Supply chain management: success factors from the Malaysian manufacturer's perspective

The purpose of this paper is to shed the light on the critical success factors that lead to high supply chain performance outcomes in a Malaysian manufacturing company. The critical success factors consist of relationship with customer and supplier, information communication and technology (ICT), material flow management, corporate culture and performance measurement. Questionnaire was the main instrument for the study and it was distributed to 84 staff from departments of purchasing, planning, logistics and operation. Data analysis was conducted by employing descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation), reliability analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression. The findings show that there are relationships exist between relationship with customer and supplier, ICT, material flow management, performance measurement and supply chain management (SCM) performance, but not for corporate culture. Forming a good customer and supplier relationship is the main predictor of SCM performance, followed by performance measurement, material flow management and ICT. It is recommended that future study to determine additional success factors that are pertinent to firms’ current SCM strategies and directions, competitive advantages and missions. Logic suggests that further study to include more geographical data coverage, other nature of businesses and research instruments. Key words: Supply chain management, critical success factor.
Which galaxies dominate the neutral gas content of the Universe

We study the contribution of galaxies with different properties to the global densities of star formation rate (SFR), atomic (H I) and molecular hydrogen (H2) as a function of redshift. We use the GALFORM model of galaxy formation, which is set in the Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) framework. This model includes a self-consistent calculation of the SFR, which depends on the H2 content of galaxies. The predicted SFR density and how much of this is contributed by galaxies with different stellar masses and infrared luminosities are in agreement with observations. The model predicts a modest evolution of the H I density at z 10 M⊙ yr−1 at z > 1. Current high-redshift galaxy surveys are limited to detect carbon monoxide in galaxies with SFR ≳ 30 M⊙ yr−1, which in our model make up, at most, 20 per cent of the H2 in the universe. In terms of stellar mass, the predicted H2 density is dominated by massive galaxies, Mstellar > 1010 M⊙, while the H I density is dominated by low-mass galaxies, Mstellar < 109 M⊙. In the context of upcoming neutral gas surveys, we suggest that the faint nature of the galaxies dominating the H I content of the Universe will hamper the identification of optical counterparts, while for H2, we expect follow-up observations of molecular emission lines of already existing galaxy catalogues to be able to uncover the H2 density of the Universe.
Multi-seasonal effects of warming and elevated CO 2 on the physiology, growth and production of mature, field grown, Shiraz grapevines

Abstract: Industry concerns in Australia about the impacts of climate change have, to date, focused on the effects of warming, particularly shorter maturation periods. The effects of elevated CO2 concentration (eCO2) on C3 plant physiology have been extensively studied and suggest that eCO2 impacts on viticulture could affect grapevine shoot growth, fruit production and fruit composition. We previously used open top chambers (OTC) with an active heating system to study the effects of elevated air temperature (eTemp) on mature grapevines in the field. This system was augmented with the ability to elevate atmospheric CO2 and established in a mature Shiraz vineyard in a factorial combination of eTemp and eCO2. Three seasons of observations on the eTemp only treatment corroborated our previous study; all aspects of phenology were advanced, but leaf function was largely unaffected. In contrast, the effects of eCO2 on phenology were small in the first season, but increased over the subsequent two seasons. Interactive effects of the treatments on gas exchange were observed; photosynthesis rates were significantly higher in the eCO2+eTemp treatment, compared to eCO2 alone, suggesting that the likely future climate will have a larger impact on viticulture than might be predicted from experiments examining only one of these factors.
An Investigation of a Commercial Aircraft Encounter with Severe Clear-Air Turbulence over Western Greenland

This study presents digitalflight data recorder (DFDR) analyses and high-resolution numerical simulations relevant toa severeclear-air turbulence (CAT) encounteroverwestern Greenlandby a Boeing 777 aircraftat 10-km elevation at 1305 UTC 25 May 2010. The environmental flow was dominated by an extratropical cyclone to the southeastof the Greenland tip, resulting in easterlyflow at all levels. The results of the analyses indicate that the CAT encounter was related to mountain-wave breaking on the western lee (downslope) of the Greenland plateau. The simulations were not of especially high resolution (5-km horizontal grid spacing) bytoday’sstandards,yetthe simulation resultsdo producelarge-amplitude leewavesandoverturningin good agreementwith theencounterlocationas indicatedby theDFDR.Thesuccessof thisandothersimulationsin reproducing mountain-wave turbulence (MWT) events suggests that operational implementation of highresolution nonhydrostatic simulation models, possibly an ensemble of models, over MWT-prone areas could produce more reliable forecasts of MWT than are currently available using gravity-wave-drag or MWTpostprocessing algorithms derived from global weather prediction models of relatively coarse scale.
The Role of Anopheles gambiae P450 Cytochrome in Insecticide Resistance and Infection

Anopheles gambiae is the major vector of malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa where the disease is responsible for the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Malaria, nowadays, is still a major burden causing the death of nearly one million people each year, mostly children under the age of five, and affecting those living in the poorest countries (World Health Organization [WHO], 2010). Currently, the major obstacles to malaria eradication are the absence of a protective vaccine, the spread of parasite resistance to anti-malarial drugs and the mosquito resistance to insecticides. Controlling mosquito vectors is fundamental to reduce mosquito-borne diseases. In fact, it has been one of the most used and effective method to prevent malaria, namely trough insecticides spraying and impregnated bed nets. These methods are highly dependent on a single class of insecticides, the pyrethroids, which are the most frequently used compounds for indoor residual spraying, and the only insecticide class used for insecticide treated nets (WHO, 2010). The extensive use of a single class of insecticides further increases the risk of mosquitoes developing resistance, which could rapidly lead to a major public health problem mainly in sub-Saharan countries where insecticidal vector control is being used widely (WHO, 2010). Strategies to control malaria are still not enough to totally eliminate malaria transmission, having yet to overcome several difficulties as the development of parasite drug resistance and mosquito-vector insecticide resistance (Yassine & Osta, 2010). Unfortunately the emergence of mosquito populations capable of withstanding insecticide exposure is threatening the efficiency of these control measures.
BUILDING FARMERS’ CAPACITY FOR INNOVATION GENERATION: WHAT ARE THE DETERMINING FACTORS?

Innovation is essential for agricultural and economic development, especially in today’s rapidly changing global environment. While farmers have been recognised as one of the key sources of innovation, many studies on agricultural innovations continue to consider farmers as adopters of externally-driven innovations only. Based on cross-sectional data from 409 farm households, this study, in contrast, analyses the innovation-generating behaviour among rural farmers in northern Ghana. Inspired by two innovation theories – induced innovation and innovation systems – we focus on the determinants of innovation behaviour. Employing recursive bivariate probit and endogenous treatment-regression models which control for selection bias, we find that participation in Farmer Field Fora, a participatory extension approach with elements of the innovation systems perspective, is a key determinant of innovation behaviour in farm households. Other important determinants are education, climate shocks and risk preferences. These results are robust to alternative specifications and estimation techniques. We conclude that policies for the generation of innovations among farmers should focus on education, and on building innovation capacity through institutional arrangements that permit interactions and learning between stakeholders.
CANCER CELL LINES FOR USE IN TESTING THE EFFICACY OF ONE ORMORE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS

(51) Int. Cl. GOIN 33/48 (2006.01) GOIN33/50 (2006.01) GOIN3L/00 (2006.01) G06F 9/24 (2011.01) G06F 9/72 (2011.01) G06F 9/00 (2011.01) GO6F 7/15 (2006.01) GO6F 7/17 (2006.01) GO6F 7/16 (2006.01) GO6F 7/11 (2006.01) GO6F 7/10 (2006.01) GO6F 9/18 (2011.01) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC . G06F 19/24 (2013.01); G06F 19/12 (2013.01); G06F 19/3443 (2013.01); G06F 17/15 (2013.01); G06F 17/17 (2013.01); G06F 17/16 (2013.01); G06F 17/11 (2013.01); G06F 19/3437 (2013.01); G06F 17/10 (2013.01); G06F 19/18 (2013.01) (58) Field of Classification Search None See application file for complete search history.
Black Holes as Quantum Gravity Condensates

We model spherically symmetric black holes within the group field theory formalism for quantum gravity via generalised condensate states, involving sums over arbitrarily refined graphs (dual to 3d triangulations). The construction relies heavily on both the combinatorial tools of random tensor models and the quantum geometric data of loop quantum gravity, both part of the group field theory formalism. Armed with the detailed microscopic structure, we compute the entropy associated with the black hole horizon, which turns out to be equivalently the Boltzmann entropy of its microscopic degrees of freedom and the entanglement entropy between the inside and outside regions. We recover the area law under very general conditions, as well as the Bekenstein-Hawking formula. The result is also shown to be generically independent of any specific value of the Immirzi parameter.
Ethos in Sports: An Aristotelian Examination Focused on Source Credibility and the Modern Day Athlete

Abstract The current study analyzed source credibility in a sports related context. A review of previous literature was undertaken in order to highlight the central findings focused on the dimensions of competence, goodwill, and trustworthiness. Quantitative methods were then utilized as a means to empirically test whether unconfirmed reports of performance-enhancing drug use could negatively impact perceptions of athlete ethos. Findings revealed that athletes who were inconclusively linked to performance-enhancers were evaluated less favorably in terms of their overall competence, goodwill, and trustworthiness. The implications from this study indicate that clean athletes who are wrongfully accused should proactively communicate their innocence to the general public. Athletes who are not clean should employ various face and image restoration strategies in order to effectively manage their public credibility. Study limitations and directions for future research were appropriately addressed within the present scholarship.
New Production Systems: Evaluation of Organic Broiler Production in Denmark

SUMMARY In Denmark organic production of broilers (chickens for meat production) has expanded since 1996, when only a few farmers produced approximately 6,000 broilers. At that time, the broilers were sold directly to customers. At present, the yearly production is 350,000 broilers, and professionals organize the sale. Organic broiler production should comply with the overall goals for organic farming. This new production system differs from the conventional system due to specified standards. The production period is prolonged because broilers need to be at least 81 d old when slaughtered, and these chickens are genetically programmed to be slower growing with a maximum growth rate of 30 g/d. Additionally, daily access to roughage, organic feed without coccidiostats, and outdoor pasture areas is required. In the present paper the organic production system and data concerning growth, feeding, animal health, and slaughter quality is described based on an investigation conducted on 9 Danish farms in 1998. This investigation is the first of organic broiler production in Denmark.
A nonnegative Matrix Tri-Factorization Technique for Recommendation in Microblog

Nowadays, more and more users share news and information in micro-blogging communities such as Twitter, Tumblr or Plurk. With the increasing number of registered users in this kind of sites, finding relevant and reliable sources of information becomes essential. For recommending sufficient information for a user, it is important to extract automatically user's interest with accuracy and to collect new information which interests and attracts the user. To address this problem, we propose a social matrix tri-factorization model with two auxiliary matrices to improve the accuracy of recommendation in microblog. We construct two matrices on the users and items respectively, to exploit the user's demographic information and item's genre information which play an important role in microblog recommendation system. Experimental results show that our method achieves a higher performance and provide more effective results than the state-of -art methods especially when recommending informations. We also show that out model captures user interests more precisely and gives better recommendation interpretability.
Hlawka-Mück techniques for option pricing

For the numerical simulation of various applications in finance using Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo algorithms, one has to create non-uniform variates (e.g. of the normal inverse Gaussian, the variance-gamma or the hyperbolic distribution) of sufficient accuracy. While the inversion method for sampling such points does not produce acceptable results, with Quasi-Monte Carlo methods Acceptance-Rejection sampling is not advisable, as it induces an integration over a discontinuous function.
Geospatial data mining in volunteer data : how natural conditions might increase the risk of tick bites and Lyme disease?

There is evidence of an increase of tick bites and Lyme disease in the Netherlands since 1994. Scientists of different disciplines have demonstrated the tight bond between natural conditions and the abundance of ticks in forests. However, traditional statistical models are too restrictive to model tick dynamics, as they require a significant number of predictors. In this work, we combine a tick bite dataset collected by citizens between 2006-2012, satellite-derived vegetation indices and weather data to advance our understanding of the impact of environmental conditions on tick bites reports and assess the value of volunteered information to model tick bites dynamics. This data was analysed using clustering and frequent pattern mining algorithms. Results show that this approach seems promising to identify environmental conditions that may be linked to a higher risk to get a tick bite.
Contribution to the phylogenetic and phylogeographic study of some limpets species in the Algerian coastline

In ecology, the study of patterns between species is necessary to understand the factors affecting their distribution and the dislocations causing their divergence. The aim of this work is to study the phylogeny and the phylogeography of some Prosobranchia Gastropoda (Patella rustica and Patella ferruginea) to understand the pattern of connectivity between populations by explaining the causes of their differences, their distribution and their responses to environmental change using the paleontological data. After identifying our species morphologically, we performed the molecular work (DNA extraction, PCR, DNA sequencing .) using the mitochondrial marker cytochrome oxydase I (COI). The results of mitochondrial DNA sequences obtained were treated using some software (Codon Code Align, MEGA 5.) following the method of maximum likelihood "ML". We noted that the divergence and geographic distribution among species was consistent with some paleontological changes, which could be the cause of differences of the studied species.
Enhanced Locality Sensitive Clustering in High Dimensional Space

Copyright ©2014 KIEEME. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. pISSN: 1229-7607 eISSN: 2092-7592 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4313/TEEM.2014. 15.3. 125 TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MATERIALS Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 125-129, June 25, 2014
Organic matter, carbon and humic acids in rehabilitated and secondary forest soils

Problem Statement: Tropical rainforests cover about 19.37 million ha (60%) of Malaysia's total area and about 8.71 million ha can be found in Sarawak, Malaysia. Excessive logging, mining and shifting cultivation contribute to deforestation in Sarawak. The objectives of this study were to: (i) Quantify soil Organic Matter (SOM), Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) and Humic Acids (HA) in rehabilitated and secondary forest soils and (ii) Compare SOM, SOC and HA sequestrations of both forests. Approach: Soil samples were collected from a 16 year old rehabilitated forest and a secondary forest at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Campus. Fifteen samples were taken at random with a soil auger at 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths. The bulk densities at these depths were determined by the coring method. The bulk density method was used to quantify the total C (TC), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Organic Matter (OM), Humic Acids (HA) and total N at the stated sampling depths. Results: Regardless of forest soil type and depth, the amount of SOM of the two forests was similar. Except for 20-40 cm of the secondary forest soil whereby the quantity of total C sequestered was significantly lower than that of the rehabilitated forest soil, C sequestration was similar irrespective of forest type and depth. Nevertheless, stable C (organic carbon) sequestered in HA was generally higher in the rehabilitated forest soil compared with the secondary forest soil. This was attributed to higher yield of HA in the rehabilitated forest soil partly due to better humification at 20-40 cm in the rehabilitated forest soil. Conclusion: Hence, the findings suggest that organic C in HA realistically reflects C sequestration in the soils of the two forests investigated.
Nutrient digestibility parameters as a tool for analysis of the intestinal health of broiler chickens

The study was performed with the objective of verifying raw soy feed, oxidized oil feed, and a control group. Performance evaluation was done at 7, 14, and 21 days of age. Metabolism assay was carried out between the 17th and 20th days for nutrient digestibility analysis. On the 21st day, two birds per repetition were sent for necropsy and collection of intestine fragments (duodenum and jejunum) for histomorphometric analysis. Eight to 14 days after treatment with Salmonella, individuals showed lower feed intake and feed conversion than the control group. Treatment with coccidiosis decreased all performance parameters in the control. Raw soybeans and oxidized oil induce lower weight gain and higher feed conversion compared to the control feed. Unlike after 14 days, at 21 days treatment with salmonella a decrease in weight gain was noted. For the group challenged by coccidiosis feed intake, the feed conversion remained lower than the control group. Undesirable effects on performance in the groups fed raw soybean and oxidized oil remained at up to 21 days. In the evaluation of digestibility, it was observed that raw soy had lower values for digestibility of dry matter, ether extract, and nitrogen balance due to intake. In addition, a lower ratio of villus:crypt measurements was observed. Lower villus height was found in the duodenum of the group challenged by coccidiosis. This group presented a positive correlation between the digestibility of ether extract and the duodenum, indicating that increased villus height implies an increased digestibility of ether extract. The results obtained for the jejunum showed a positive correlation with villus height in groups challenged by coccidiosis, raw soybeans, and oxidized oil; and to crypt depth in the group challenged with oxidized oil. The information obtained in the present study demonstrates that nutrient digestibility parameters can be useful tools for the analysis of the intestinal health of broiler chickens.