Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Nitrogen Content and Photosynthesis in Cauliflower ( Brassica oleracea L. botrytis ). Scaling up from a Leaf to the Whole Plant

A simple model of photosynthesis is described which is dependent on leaf area, organic nitrogen content and distribution within the canopy as well as on the light and temperature environments. The model is parameterized using a cauliflower crop as an example. The optimized protein-N profile within the canopy is calculated with respect to daily growth rate. By comparison with measured protein-N contents, the amount of super-optimal N-uptake, i.e. the N-uptake which does not increase productivity, is assessed for two different nitrogen and light treatments. The amount of super-optimal N accumulated in cauliflower depends on N-supply and can exceed 80 kg N ha−1.
Vaccination with apoptosis colorectal cancer cell pulsed autologous dendritic cells in advanced colorectal cancer patients: Report from a clinical observation

To investigate vaccination with apoptosis colorectal cancer (CRC) cell pulsed autologous dendritic cells (DCs) in advanced CRC, 14 patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) were enrolled and treated with DCs vaccine to assess toxicity, tolerability, immune and clinical responses to the vaccine. No severe toxicity was observed and the vaccine was well tolerated. The levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) significantly increased after DCs vaccination (P < 0.05). Mean of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) lever decreased from 99.5 to 71.4 ng/ml. Five patients showed a positive skin response to the apoptotic cells loaded DC vaccines in the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). In the five DTH positive patients, we found a patient with a lymphoglandulae coeliacae metastasis; temporary seroperitoneum regression was demonstrated by CT scan after full immunizations during 12 weeks. However, a rescan after 6 weeks showed new lesions on the abdomen as well as re-growth of the primary lesion. During the two years of clinical observation, all patients survived the first year, while the survival rate decreased from 80 to 20% during the second year owing to the advancement of CRC. In conclusion, the strategy for vaccination of apoptosis colorectal cancer cell pulsed-DCs may raise the clinical response of CRC patients by activating Th1 responses. Furthermore, indications of both immunologic and clinical effect were found in heavily pretreated patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Key words : Dendritic cells, immunotherapy, colorectal cancer.
Evaluation of Shortnose Sturgeon Spawning in the Pinopolis Dam Tailrace, South Carolina

Abstract Fifty egg mats and up to five D-shaped plankton nets were deployed in the tailrace of Pinopolis Dam at river kilometer 77 on the Cooper River, South Carolina, to evaluate the spawning activity of shortnose sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum. Spawning times were estimated by back-calculation based on developmental phase. Eggs were collected on 17 of 21 d sampled continuously from March 4 through March 25, 2002, when water temperatures were 10–16°C. A total of 31 shortnose sturgeon eggs were collected from egg mats. An additional 338 shortnose sturgeon eggs and 1 newly hatched yolk sac larva were collected from plankton nets. A minimum of 20 spawning events occurred in the tailrace during the 2002 spawning season. No relationship between mean daily discharge and spawning date was observed. Shortnose sturgeon spawned more often during the night than at any other time of day independent of generation.
Activity of daily living improvement after cataract surgery for patients in nursing care facilities

Whether the improvement in activities of daily living (ADL) after cataract surgery in patients from nursing care facilities is comparable with that in patients from home remains unclear. Data of patients who underwent cataract surgery from April 2014 to March 2015 were extracted from a national inpatient database in Japan. We identified 222,883 patients hospi‐ talized from home and 1,228 patients hospitalized from nursing care facilities who under‐ went cataract surgery during hospitalization. A retrospective matched-pair cohort study was performed to compare the proportion of patients with improved ADL after cataract surgery. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with improved ADL after cataract sur‐ gery. ADL assessment was performed by calculating the Barthel index. We also compared the length of hospital stay between the groups. Patients from nursing care facilities were more likely to be older and female and to have a higher comorbidity index and lower ADL score at admission. In the matched-pair analysis of 1,228 vs. 24,560 pairs, a lower proportion of patients hospitalized from nursing care facilities had an improved ADL score (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.53–0.78; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the groups. In this large nationwide cohort of patients with cataracts, hospitalization from nursing homes was significantly correlated with poor improvement in ADL compared with hospital‐ ization from home. These results suggest that early cataract surgery prior to admission to nursing care facilities should be recommended for patients with cataracts.
The Lack of Pollinator Specificity in a Dioecious Fig Tree: Sympatric Fig‐pollinating Wasps of Ficus septica in Southern Taiwan

Although species specificity between fig trees and their pollinators has been considered a classic example of obligate mutualism, increasing exceptions to the one‐to‐one relationship suggest that multiple pollinator species per fig host species may be a pervasive phenomenon. Based on both mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite analyses, we found three putative pollinator species (Ceratosolen spp.) associated with Ficus spetica in southern Taiwan, two of which, that differ in color, routinely coexist within single figs. These three pollinators are substantially divergent from the pollinator of F. spetica in New Guinea, implying that wasp diversity may be highly underestimated when the one‐to‐one rule is assumed. Our findings not only provide the first case of coexistence of pollinators within single figs on a shared dioecious Ficus host, but also an ideal system to investigate interspecific competition and sex allocation, especially when coexisting pollinators are visually distinguishable by their colors.
DOES THE PRESENCE OF POTENTIAL PREY AFFECT WEB DESIGN IN ARGIOPE KEYSERLINGI (ARANEAE, ARANEIDAE)?

Abstract Orb-web spiders may anticipate their future prey environment by detecting the presence of prey and adjusting their web building behavior accordingly. Here we investigate the effect of different prey sizes and density on the web size and mesh height of the orb webs constructed by Argiope keyserlingi. The experimental design allowed the transmission of prey vibrations but prevented any capture. We found that A. keyserlingi constructed webs more frequently in the presence of prey, but did not alter the web size or mesh height of their webs.
EVOLUTION OF ADHESIVE AND AGGREGATIVE PROPERTIES OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA, ISOLATED FROM HEALTHY ARMENIAN WOMEN VAGINA -

Aim: In vitro study of autoaggregation, coaggregation and adhesion properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), isolated from Armenian healthy women. Methodology: For evolution of adhesion used microbial adhesion to solvents (MATS) test. Autoaggregation and coaggregation measured by the absorbance (A) at 600 nm of the cell suspensions after vortexing and after 5 h of incubation at room temperature. Results: MATS shows that L. acidophilus GH 201 and L. plantarum GH 202 of lactobacilli have 47.47% and 46.94% hydrophobicity respectively. It is a first time showed that lactococci (L. lactis GH 204 and L. lactis GH 211) have high hydrophobicity, 65.32% and 25.52% respectively, significantly excessing the hydrophobicity of known L. lactisATCC 19435 and L. lactis HV219 (0.78 - 4.0%). It is revealed that treating of C. albicans by supernatant of L. plantarum GH 202 culture drastically reduce from 46.6% to 12.64% it`s adhesive properties to solvents. The coaggregation abilities of L. acidophilus GH 201, L. plantarum GH 202 and L. delbruecki GH 205 (50.73%, 49.71% and 35.8% respectively) with C. albicans - the main causative agent of vaginoses were high. It is interesting, that L. lactis GH 204 also has high coaggregation capacity with C. albicans, about 20 times surpassing the well-known strain L. lactis ATCC 19435. Conclusions: The vaginal LAB strains isolated from Armenian women due to their high aggregation, coaggregation and adhesive properties can be use in pharmaceutical preparation, such as suppositories, capsules and tablets for colonization/recolonization vaginal ecosystem.
Influence of recent fire season and severity on black spruce regeneration in spruce–moss forests of Quebec, Canada11This article is one of a selection of papers from the 7th International Conference on Disturbance Dynamics in Boreal Forests.

Postfire regeneration problems compromise the maintenance of closed-crown forests of eastern Canada, often shifting toward lichen woodlands. Compounded disturbances like successive fires or insect outbreaks followed by fire may be responsible for this shift. Leaving behind unfavourable seedbeds for the germination of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) seeds, low-severity fires may also be involved in this transformation. The severity of recent fires and their impact on black spruce regeneration were evaluated using 13 stands burned in spring or summer within the closed-crown forest in Quebec during the last 20 years. Two ecological indicators were used to characterize fire severity: thickness of residual organic material and recovery of plant species. Regardless of the season, the ground of all burned stands was covered with a thick layer of residual organic matter. Blackened organic matter and ericaceous vegetation, indicating the passage of a low-severity fire, were widespread in all sites wher.
Redescription and Anatomy of the Viviparous Freshwater Gastropod Hemisinus lineolatus (W. Wood, 1828) from Jamaica (Cerithioidea, Thiaridae)

ABSTRACT The West Indies, well known for its distinctive geological history, is well suited for studies in biogeography and biodiversity. However, the lack of comprehensive studies for much of its unique fauna has hampered insights into their systematics, evolution and phylogeography. The scarcity of data is particularly pronounced for freshwater gastropods in the viviparous family Thiahdae — represented in the archipelago by Hemisinus Swainson, 1840 and Cubaedomus Morrison, 1951. Hitherto described only on the basis of shell morphology, we here redescribe Hemisinus lineolatus (W. Wood, 1828), the type species of Hemisinus, based on type material and museum collections. The anatomy of this species is also described, representing the first such comprehensive study of any Neotropical thiarid. The synonymy of Hemisinus buccinoides Reeve, 1860, with H. lineolatus is confirmed. The species is found to possess a mixture of distinctly thiarid features (e.g., operculum, rachidian, midgut, brood pouch) and features previously undocumented in the family (e.g., gonochohsm with ∼equal sex ratios, glandular palliai oviduct with spermatophore bursa in lateral lamina, spermatophore organ, statoconia). Some of these features (e.g., statoconia, spermatophore organ) are also found in members of the apparent sister group to the Thiaridae — the African-Asian freshwater Paludomidae. Consequently, the combination of features in Hemisinus is consistent with a basal position in the family.
Statistical Properties of an Index of Biological Integrity Used to Evaluate Water Resources

We determined the statistical properties of the index of biotic integrity (IBI) from electrofishing samples collected from Ohio streams. Although IBI is widely used to evaluate the condition of water resources by biologists and resource managers, expanding its role as a regulatory tool depends on statistical validation of its precision and power. We addressed these issues by constructing an additive variance model for IBI and testing the assumptions of that model directly with a bootstrap resampling algorithm and simulations using field data. Statistical properties of IBI supported the use of standard analysis techniques such as ANOVA for hypothesis testing. We determined with power analysis that IBI can distinguish between five and six nonoverlapping categories of biotic integrity based on a model that includes the effects of measurement error, variability of fish assemblages through time, and statistical interaction of location and time. We conclude that IBI is an effective monitoring tool that can be u.
Carbonic anhydrase and C4 photosynthesis a transgenic analysis

Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyses the first reaction in the C4 photosynthetic pathway, the conversion of atmospheric CO2 to bicarbonate in the mesophyll cytosol. To examine the importance of the enzyme to the functioning of the C4 photosynthetic pathway, Flaveria bidentis (L.) Kuntze, a C4 dicot, was genetically transformed with an antisense construct in which the cDNA encoding a putative cytosolic CA (CA3) was placed under the control of a constitutive promoter. Some of the primary transformants had impaired CO2 assimilation rates and required high CO2 for growth. The T1 progeny of four primary transformants were used to examine the quantitative relationship between leaf CA activity and CO2 assimilation rate. CA activity was determined in leaf extracts with a mass spectrometric technique that measured the rate of 18O exchange from doubly labelled 13C18O2. Steady-state CO2 assimilation rates were unaffected by a decrease in CA activity until CA activity was less than 20% of wild type when they decreased steeply. Transformants with less than 10% of wild-type CA activity had very low CO2 assimilation rates and grew poorly at ambient CO2 partial pressure. Reduction in CA activity also increased the CO2 partial pressure required to saturate CO2 assimilation rates. The present data show that CA activity is essential for the functioning of the C4 photosynthetic pathway.
Civil Judgment Enforcement Service Quality: The Case Of Tien Giang Province, Vietnam

The purpose of this paper is to study some key factors regarding the quality of civil judgment enforcement service in the case of Tien Giang province, Vietnam by structural equation modeling using partial least squares (PLS-SEM). This study has involved qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research was carried out focusing group discussions with at least 10 leaders in the judicial field, and quantitative research was conducted through direct interviews with 400 respondents including survey civil judgment enforcement officials, judgment execution prosecutors, lawyers, representatives of organizations and civil judgment enforced people in Tien Giang province, Vietnam. The results show that the socioeconomic conditions, legal system, quality of applied decision, human factors, educational level and awareness of law compliance affect the quality of civil judgment enforcement service. However, this study has certain limitations: (i) due to limited resources in conducting research, the sample size consisted of 400 respondents, (ii) the sampling technique included direct interview methods from respondents.
Co-Creation of Experience for Competitive Special Interest Tourism

This study is intended to examine the effect of niche marketing and co-creation of experience to the competitiveness of tourism destinations. The method used is explanatory survey to the population of 64 (sixty-four) special interest tourism destinations, sailing tourism destinations in Indonesia. Data was collected by distributing questionnaire to the managers or acting managers of the tourist destinations. The observation unit is the managers of integrated yacht tourism destinations. Hypothesis testing used is Smart PLS (partial least square) to examine the series of relationships between latent variables in a limited population. The results show that niche marketing and co creation of experience are able to increase yacht tourism destinations, while co creation of experience has a greater role to improve destination competitiveness compared to niche marketing strategy.
Optimal Configuration of Power-to-Cool Technology in District Cooling Systems

In a multienergy framework, power-to-heat technology is becoming increasingly attractive. This interest is mainly due to the possibility of exploiting excesses and unbalances of electricity, which are becoming more and more common with the increasing capacity of the renewable sources. An interesting option consists in using heat pumps to convert excess of electricity produced by photovoltaic systems (especially in the midday hours) into cold to be provided to district heating and district cooling networks. This article aims to propose a methodology to select the best heat pump location in district cooling system. The analysis is performed with the aim of minimizing the cost of network construction and pumping. The procedure includes the best heat pump location and the design of the pipeline. Results show that distributed heat pumps allow one reducing both the costs and the average pipeline diameters by about 50% with respect to concentrated production. Furthermore, the optimal location of distributed heat pumps allows reducing costs of about 7% with respect to a uniformly distributed production.
Nutritional value of black and white oat cultivars ensiled in two phenological stages

Avaliaram- se a producao das culturas, a qualidade fermentativa e o valor nutricional da silagem de cultivares de aveia- branca (Avena Sativa L.) e aveia- preta (Avena Strigosa Schreb) submetidas ao corte em dois estadios de maturacao. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, num arranjo fatorial 4 x 2, composto por quatro cultivares de aveia (dois de aveia- preta: Comum e UTFP 971; e dois de aveia- branca: ER 91156- 121 e SI 98105- b), com quatro repeticoes. Os cultivares foram ensilados nos estadios de floracao e grao pastoso. O corte da aveia no estadio de grao pastoso, sobretudo dos genotipos de aveia- branca, possibilita obter silagem de maior qualidade, tanto produtiva quanto qualitativa. O cultivar, o genotipo e o estadio de maturacao influenciam o fracionamento das proteinas e dos carboidratos de silagens de aveia.
Die Kosmopoliten als Profiteure des Nationalstaats und seiner Institutionen Zu den ökonomischen Voraussetzungen kosmopolitischer Einstellungen

In der Debatte über Kosmopoliten und Kommunitaristen bleibt eine Frage offen oder wird erst gar nicht gestellt: Inwieweit hängen kosmopolitische Einstellungen auch mit der Möglichkeit zusammen, sich auf dem Arbeitsmarkt effektiv vor der Konkurrenz durch hochqualifizierte Ausländer schützen zu können? Dieser Frage geht der Aufsatz anhand umfangreicher Daten über die akademischen Berufstätigen in Deutschland nach. Die Antwort lautet: Die deutschen Hochschulabsolventen erfahren durch unterschiedliche, mit dem Nationalstaat verbundene (formelle wie informelle) Mechanismen Schutz vor der Arbeitsmarktkonkurrenz durch Ausländer, und das dürfte ein wichtiger Grund für ihre positive Einstellung gegenüber offenen Grenzen sein.
Unsupervised Deep Transfer Learning for Fault Diagnosis in Fog Radio Access Networks

The rapid development of the Internet of Things with the requirements of ultrareliability and ultralow latency has imposed huge challenges on the radio access network operation and maintenance. Using artificial intelligence technologies can provide the accurate fault diagnosis rapidly and efficiently, but it is usually hampered by the lack of historical data as well as the certified fault labels. To deal with these challenges, in this article, an unsupervised deep transfer learning-based fault diagnosis method in fog radio access networks is proposed. Specifically, a transfer learning-based density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise method is first utilized to detect and label fault data in each interval by using the core-level information. Then, an unsupervised deep transfer learning method combining a convolutional neural network with a domain adversarial neural network is applied to classify the categories of unlabeled fault data by using cell-level information. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the missed detection rate than the traditional method, and has better fault diagnosis accuracy than the reference methods.
Effects of diets with increasing levels of golden flaxseed on carcass characteristics, meat quality and lipid traits of growing rabbits

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three levels (0, 8, or 16%) of the golden variety of flaxseed (GFS; Linum usitatissimum L.), included in isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets, on the carcass characteristics, meat composition and fatty acid profile of rabbit meat and perirenal fat. The trial was carried out on 30 weaned crossbred rabbits aged 9 weeks, weighing on average 2074 g. The animals were divided equally into three groups of 10 (five male and five female rabbits each) and kept separate in individual cages. At the end of the experiment, which lasted 5 weeks, there were no significant differences between the groups in the carcass yield or the proportions of various carcass parts and edible organs. Although the chemical composition of the meat was not significantly affected by the dietary treatment, the saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid proportion in the longissimus dorsi muscle (−22% and −24%, respectively) and perirenal fat (−34% and −29%, respectively) decreased and the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) increased (+36% in the muscle and 43% in the fat, respectively) with increased GFS inclusion. GFS dietary supplementation has shown to be effective in improving the n-3 PUFA proportion (76% in the muscle and 77% in the fat, respectively), decreasing the n-6/n-3 ratio and reducing the saturation, atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes of the meat, with consequent benefits on the nutritional quality of rabbit meat for consumers.
Humoral immune response in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., to cellular and extracellular antigens of Aeromonas salmonicida

The putative virulence factors of Aeromonas salmonicida, the aetiological agent of furunculosis in salmonids, are candidates for protective antigens in effective vaeeines against furunculosis. In this report, the authors have compared the immunogenieily of eell-associated and extracellular antigens of A. salmonicida in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. , to that in rabbit. The animals were immunized with formalin-killed whole cells and formalin-inactivated extracellular products (ECP), either separately or in combination. The ability of the antigens to induce antibody production was studied by elisa and Western blotting techniques. These results confirm previous reports that far more structures are immunogenie in rabbit compared to the antibody responses elicited in salmon. However, in both species, some antigens were dominant, including a caseinolytic protease in addition to the A-protein and high and low MW LPS.