Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Hyperammonemia by Transplanting a Symbiotic Pair of Intestinal Microbes

Hyperammonemia is a deleterious and inevitable consequence of liver failure. However, no adequate therapeutic agent is available for hyperammonemia. Although recent studies showed that the pharmabiotic approach could be a therapeutic option for hyperammonemia, its development is clogged with poor identification of etiological microbes and low transplantation efficiency of candidate microbes. In this study, we developed a pharmabiotic treatment for hyperammonemia that employs a symbiotic pair of intestinal microbes that are both able to remove ammonia from the surrounding environment. By a radioactive tracing experiment in mice, we elucidated how the removal of ammonia by probiotics in the intestinal lumen leads to lower blood ammonia levels. After determination of the therapeutic mechanism, ammonia-removing probiotic strains were identified by high-throughput screening of gut microbes. The symbiotic partners of ammonia-removing probiotic strains were identified by screening intestinal microbes of a human gut, and the pairs were administrated to hyperammonemic mice to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Blood ammonia was in a chemical equilibrium relationship with intestinal ammonia. Lactobacillus reuteri JBD400 removed intestinal ammonia to shift the chemical equilibrium to lower the blood ammonia level. L. reuteri JBD400 was successfully transplanted with a symbiotic partner, Streptococcus rubneri JBD420, improving transplantation efficiency 2.3×103 times more compared to the sole transplantation while lowering blood ammonia levels significantly. This work provides new pharmabiotics for the treatment of hyperammonemia as well as explains its therapeutic mechanism. Also, this approach provides a concept of symbiotic pairs approach in the emerging field of pharmabiotics.
Combining Theory and Research to Validate a Social Norms Framework Addressing Female Genital Mutilation

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a harmful practice with no benefits and considerable harm to girls and women who undergo it. In 2016, the United Nations Joint Program to Eliminate FGM, funded the development and subsequent validation of a monitoring and evaluation framework to understand the relationship between social norms and practicing FGM. Evidence on the framework was gathered through a pilot study in Ethiopia. This paper uses cross-sectional quantitative data from the pilot to operationalize the framework and determine what factors are associated with practicing FGM. A total of 554 and 481 participants answered the question “Have you undergone FGM? ” and “Do you know a family member who has undergone FGM? ” respectively. Overall, 65% of participants said they had undergone FGM and 32% said they knew someone in their family who had undergone FGM. Predictors of not undergoing FGM included most progressive attitudes vs. less progressive attitudes about FGM and relationship to identity [OR: 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1–3.3)]; region [Afar vs. Addis Ababa: OR: 0.09 (95% CI: 0.02–0.5); Southern Nations Nationalities and People's Regions vs. Addis Ababa: OR: 0.1 (95% CI: 0.05–0.3)], being 36 years old and above vs. 10–19 years (OR: 0.2 (95% CI: 0.1 to 0.7)) and being single, never married vs. married or engaged (OR: 2.8 (95% CI: 1.1–7.0)]. Predictors of knowing a family member who has not undergone FGM included: Higher knowledge vs. lower knowledge [OR: 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1–0.5)]; if the family expected you to abandon FGM, you had a greater odds of knowing a family member who had not undergone FGM [43.6 (95% CI: 2.7–687.8)]; coming from Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Region was associated with a lower odds of knowing a family member who had not undergone FGM [0.3 (95% CI: 0.1–0.6)]. Being a female influential vs. female caregiver was associated with a higher odds of knowing a family member who had not undergone FGM [2.9 (95% CI: 1.01–5.2)]. This paper has allowed us to validate a theory and research based social norms framework, specifically examining how social and behavior change communication can be used as a mechanism for shifting norms around a given harmful practice. Now that this model has been developed and validated, it is likely to provide a foundation to study the direct and indirect impacts of social norms programming on changing harmful practices, such as FGM.
Fuzzy-pid Control of the Electric Heating Furnace Temperature

Electric heating furnace is a nonlinear,time-varying,sophisticate of the controlling object,normal PID is difficult to reach the ideal result.Therefore,this report represents the Fuzzy-pid which is a compound control design.It shall control the temperature of the electric heating furnace and establish simulation model.The experiment result shows that Fuzzy-pid compound control with high precious,swiftness and good stability.
Shift quality of transmission system for construction vehicle

The mechanical models were developed for engine,working pump,torque converter and automatic transmission in the transmission system of construction vehicle,and the dynamical equation was deduced.To describe the shift characteristics,the torque and motion of the clutches of automatic transmission were discussed during shifting.The relations were derived analytically among the angular velocity,torque of gearbox,rotational velocity,throttle opening of engine and torque converter quotient.The impact of the parameters of engine and torque converter on shift quality was derived.To improve the shift quality,the cushion valve control,timing control and their combination control for engine-transmission system were developed.Finally,a simulation test for transmission system was carried out to validate the availability of control algorithm and to test the integrated performance of shift quality.The results show a significant improvement in terms of shift quality by applying valve control,timing control and their combination control.
Research on Model Measurement Technique of Complicated Surface Product Oriented

Based on analyzing the characters and abuses of existent model measurement techniques,it was presented a model measurement technique for complicated surface product.Then,the detailed operation steps of the technique were studied and the advantages were summarized after analysis.Finally an example was presented,which validate that the technique could enhance mould′s manufacturing efficiency of and save mould′s repairing time of after production.
Characteristics and Progress of the Digital Design for Mechanical Products

In this paper,the contents of the digital design for the mechanical products is reviewed,the significance and function in industry is pointed out,the inventory of 2DCAD-3D/solid modeling-parametric design/3DCADsystem-variavble-design/3DCADsystem-virtual reality of the technique,and characteristics of the digital design in different stages,and development trends are presented.Finally,some of the updated achievements are listed.
Parametric rolling of the Tumblehome hull using CFD

Parametric rolling is one of the five failure modes introduced by the draft amendments to IMO’s 2008 IS Code. The aim of this paper is to study the use of CFD for the detection of parametric rolling. The ONR Tumblehome model 5613 was utilised and the simulation was set up using an overset mesh to allow motions to all 6 degrees of freedom. The results were validated against results presented from previous research. A number of different simulations were run and the results are presented and discussed herein.
Identification of Garbage in the River Based on The YOLO Algorithm

— This paper discusses the identification of garbage using the YOLO algorithm. In the rivers, it is usually difficult to distinguish between garbage and plants, especially when it is done in real-time and at the time of too much light. Therefore, there is a need of an appropriate method. The HSV and SIFT methods were used as preliminary tests. The tests were quite successful even in close condition, however, there were still many problems faced in using this method since it is only based on pixel and shape readings. Meanwhile, YOLO algorithm was able to identify garbage and water hyacinth even though they were closed to each other.
Static and Dynamic Analysis in Cryptographic-API Misuse Detection of Mobile Application

With Android devices becoming more advanced and gaining more popularity, the number of cryptographic-API misuses in mobile applications is escalating. Numerous snippets of code in Android are from Stack Overflow and over 90% of them contain several crypto-issues. Various crypto-misuse detectors come out aiming to report vulnerabilities of apps and better secure users’ privacy. These detectors can be broadly classified into two categories based on the analysis strategies employed to catch misuses – static analysis (i.e., by scanning the code base) and dynamic analysis (i.e., by executing the code). However, there are not enough research on comparing their underlying differences, making it difficult to explain the pervasiveness of static crypto-detectors in both academia and industry. The lack of studies potentially limits the improvement of crypto-detection efficiency. In this study, a holistic evaluation and comparison on static and dynamic analysis’ underlying mechanisms, robustness, and efficiency are carried out. A systematic empirical experiment is implemented on testing 1003 popular Android applications across 21 categories from Google Play. We find that 93.3% of the apps make at least one mistake using cryptographic APIs and closely analyze top four cryptographic rules reported to be violated most frequently by static crypto detector. Instead of merely comparing statistics such as false positives (i.e., false alarms), we focus on examining the crypto rules whose number of violations reported by static and dynamic crypto detectors diverge greatly. In addition, we firstly posit a new taxonomy schema that classifies cryptographic rules based on how they are inspected rather than their attack type or severity level. This schema will be useful to both researchers and practitioners to decide how to efficiently combine static and dynamic techniques to improve the reliability and accuracy of crypto-detection.
Anti-jamming Performance Evaluation of Linear Frequency-modulated Continuous Wave Fuze Based on Ambiguity Function Incision

Based on the analysis of active jamming mechanism and ambiguity function,the methodology of ambiguity function incision evaluating the anti-active-jamming performance of linear frequency-modulated continuous wave(LFMCW) fuze was put forward.The area of the ambiguity function incision is computed at a certain height which is determined by the radio fuze principle and its receiver signal processing.The smaller the computed area becomes, the stronger the anti-jamming performance gets.This methodology was applied to the evaluation of the anti-jamming performance of linear frequency modulated continuous waveform ranging fuze.It demonstrates that the anti-jamming performance of saw-tooth frequency modulated continuous waveform ranging fuze is stronger than that of symmetrical frequency modulated continuous waveform ranging fuze,and the anti-jamming performance difference of them becomes smaller when the modulation bandwidth becomes wider;the effect of modulation time on LFMCW fuze is small.The computed results by an example show that the evaluation methodology is impersonal,reasonable and computable,which can be use for practical purposes.
Lloyd'S Mirror—Image Interference Effects

On a calm day, an underwater source of sound has its radiation reflected from the surface of the sea much as if it were a mirror with an “out-of-phase” image. At moderate distances from the source of sound an underwater receiver would detect two signals—an acoustic pressure fluctuation due to the direct arrival of sound from the source and a second signal from its reflected mirror image. If the arrivals combine constructively (in-phase) a loud sound is observed and likewise when the arrivals combine destructively (out-of-phase) a fade is observed. Successive regions of loudness and fading are referred to as an image interference effect. The combination of a source near an out-of-phase reflecting surface is referred to as Lloyd’s Mirror. The image interference effect has been central to investigations in underwater acoustics and sonar throughout the last sixty years and has been simply referred to as the Lloyd’s Mirror effect. It was so well known that even the “Red Books,” (The Physics of Sound in the Sea), did not provide a reference to Lloyd. Research during World War II was conducted by the National Defense Research Committee (NDRC) that was established by Vannevar Bush under the authority of a Presidential Executive Order in 1940. The Committee later became a part of the Office of Scientific Research and Development. In 1945, the NRDC issued a twenty volume technical report summarizing this research and the “Red Books,” of high interest to underwater acousticians, were the summary volumes of Division 6: SubSurface Warfare. These volumes were issued by Tate (1945, 1946) and reprinted by the Navy Material Command (NAVMAT) in 1969. They comingled the significant work of many individuals and institutions, Table 1. If identified, the Division 6 principal investigators would be recognized as the founders of underwater acoustics and signal processing that are the underpinnings of much of our current-day endeavors. However, their individual contributions during this short period of time were unselfishly shared. Although it is difficult to be specific as to the individual contributions, nevertheless, it is beyond question that the work of the assembled scientists and engineers presented in this five year time frame was both remarkable and significant. The legacy of this war-time research is still reflected in the present-day structure of applied acoustic research and development laboratories. The interference problem was referred to by these wartime researchers, as the image interference effect, the Lloyd Mirror Effect. With the addition of an effective surface reflection coefficient the method of images was found to be useful in sound transmission experiments using both continuous and impulsive sources of sound and in sonar applications such as multi-path ranging. This article will discuss first, the scientific, technical and practical aspects of the effects. Following, will be a discussion of Lloyd, the scientist and mathematician, that history seemed to have forgotten.
Recent Developments in Old World Archaeology

Monographs and other recent works are reviewed to highlight several trends in Old World archaeology that seem to be of more than passing interest to archaeologists whose primary research interests are in the Americas. Included in this review are works involving natural historical studies applied to archaeology; current works involving lithic and ceramic technology, spatial analysis, and intrasite and intersite community studies; and recent works on questions of early food production and selected other topics. This paper, the first of an anticipated annual exchange between the Archaeological Institute of America and the Society for American Archaeology, emphasizes prehistoric studies; subsequent contributions will treat a fuller range of Old World archaeological interests.
Nurturing a Culture of Results for the effective implementation of Results Based Management (RBM) in the Zimbabwe Public Service

1 Open University, Former Education Officer, Educational Technology Centre, Ministry of Education, Zimbabwe 2 Independent RBM Consultant, Zimbabwe *Corresponding Author’s Email: chikashaas@yahoo.com Economic, social and political environmental factors have compelled governments and other public organizations to transform themselves in order to facilitate improved responsiveness to the needs of stakeholders. Such pressure led to the implementation of wide-ranging reform programmes, including the New Public Management (NPM) system, over the past three decades. Results Based Management (RBM), adopted by the Zimbabwe Public Service in 2005, is a part of this system which is aimed at improving service delivery and accountability. This research is motivated by the apparent limited impact of the implementation of the RBM strategy in Zimbabwe, sought to highlight the relevance of a culture of results in supporting effective implementation. The qualitative study used the interviews and document review methods for gathering data which were subsequently analysed for content. Analysis of the data showed the absence of a culture of results in the Zimbabwe Public Service which contributed to inadequate implementation of the RBM strategy. Recommendations are provided for improving the culture to enable it to effectively support the implementation of RBM.
Study on Piping by Sand-bank Model Andsimulation by PFC~(3D)

In order to show the meso-mechanical of piping in sandy soils,the dynamic process of piping caused by the transportation of fine particles in the soil is studied by sand launder model test of piping and numerical simulation of PFC.Based on the results of the numerical simulation,the rules of the sample's meso movement and the liquid's movement are studied and are compared with the results of sand launder model test.The result indicates that the critical hydraulic gradient derived by numerical simulation is nearly equal to that derived by sand launder model test in different cases of particle,porosity and permeate diameter.Therefore,researching the piping by PFC is reasonable and a new approach to explain and analyze piping in mesob.
Short-term Electric Load Forecasting with Combined Data Mining Algorithm

The combined data-mining Algorithm of short-term electric load forecasting is presented. Based on analyzing the characteristic of daily power loads,the most similar day recently to the forecasting-target day is selected as the benchmark day. With this way of arranging data, the data mining is used to obtain the relationship of the difference of influent factors and the load variance rate between the benchmark day and the forecasting target day, and also, the mining model algorithm is the weight combination of C4.5 and CART based on BP network. The holiday influence on loads is dealt with by the holiday justifying factor based on case reasoning. The highly accurate short-term load forecasting system is designed with above solutions.The accuracy and effectiveness of the combining algorithm proposed has been proved with the actual application.
Operational Advantages of Contraflow Left-Turn Pockets at Signalized Intersections

Treatment of left-turn movements is one of the most fundamental characteristics governing intersection geometry and signal timing designs. As traffic congestion increases, the need to maximize utilization of existing lane configurations is of great importance. At some intersections, excessive queue lengths may spill out of the left-turn bay and block the through lanes, jeopardizing level of service for the entire intersection. This paper studies the operational advantages of dynamically using short stretches (i.e., pockets) of opposing lanes for left-turn movements, using “pre-signals” to control vehicle entry into the contraflow pocket. Sensitivity analyses (through micro-simulation) are used to identify signal timings and lane geometries that minimize intersection delay, while simultaneously achieving reasonably safe operations. The sensitivity analyses are also used to determine which types of intersections and specifically which turn movement congestion levels, tend to achieve the most significant delay reductions when contraflow treatment is applied. If contraflow left-turn pockets can be implemented in a safe manner at the proper locations, this could be exactly the type of bottleneck mitigation solution that our congested cities desperately need.
The advantages of adjoint-control transformations when determining optimal trajectories by Pontryagin's Maximum Principle

The many methods by which Pontryagin's Maximum Principle is applied in optimal control problems can be divided into two groups, termed direct and indirect. The indirect methods use the conditions required for mathematical optimality as the starting point and attempt to satisfy the boundary conditions. The direct methods on the other hand satisfy the equations of motion and boundary conditions and then attempt to improve the performance index. It has been reported that the direct methods, while normally converging from very bad initial assumptions, have the inherent disadvantage of very slow convergence in the neighbourhood of the optimal solution and, so, complicated second order methods have recently been devised.
The Lean Improvement Analysis based on Simulation for the Process of Civil Aviation Service

In order to reduce the process time of civil aviation passengers,this paper proposes the method of combine simulation technology and value stream mapping/analysis(VSM/A) into the process of civil service to predict the dynamic effect of Lean improvement.Using the Beijing Capital Airport as example,the current value stream mapping of passengers' boarding process and security-check process are built.The principle of lean improvement process of civil service process is proposed and main lean improvement measures for improving the security-check process are analyzed.After verifying the effective of simulation model,dynamic simulation data of security-check process's the future value stream mapping are got.The simulation result shows that after implementing lean improvement the lead time and waiting time of passengers are shortened obviously.
Observations on the Butchering Technique of Some Aboriginal Peoples No. 2

In a brief report, which was read before the 8th Conference for Plains Archeology by George Metcalf, 1 attempted to reconstruct the procedure by which the carcass of an antelope was prepared for food. The inferences thus drawn were based upon the ratio of the various elements to each other and to the greatest number of individuals represented, as well as the location of the breaks or cuts in the bones. Since the antelope is one of the smaller food animals and could be moved to a convenient butchering place, the question immediately posed itself: “How would size affect the butchering technique since a bison must necessatily be butchered where it is killed? “ The bison bone which provides the basis for this study was collected during the excavation of two archaeological sites near Pierre, South Dakota. The Dodd site was a multi-component village, but there was evidence of only a single cultural complex at the Phillips Ranch site (Lehmer, 1952).
Performance Analysis of VoIP Data over IP Networks

—The paper presents the results of research and analysis of voice data transmission quality in IP packet networks. It analyses mechanisms allowing for the assessment of packet telephony data transmission quality. Possible transmission quality levels and adequate quality metrics, applicable in the recommendations of standardisation organisations, as well as suggested limit values conditioning acceptable voice data transmission quality were indicated and discussed. A packet network model was designed and tested, taking into account VoIP architecture supporting various audio codecs used for voice compression. Transmission mechanisms based on audio codecs G.711, G.723, G.726, G.728 and G.729 were investigated. It was shown that for delay-sensitive traffic which fluctuates beyond its nominal rate, selected codecs have an advantage over others and allow for better transmission quality of VoIP traffic with guaranteed bandwidth and delay.