Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Animal Tracking Using Checkpoint Method in Wireless Sensor Network

A small node of wireless sensor with low power consumption is helpful to study the animal behavior and walking. In addition, this system is also capable of tracking movement of animals to prevent loss by using checkpoint method. We propose a simple checkpoint method. In this methodology, we installed multiple base station nodes as wireless sensor fences in farm. Thus, when our animals such as cow come near by a base station, nodes will exchange information such as node id to the base station. Our experiment study shows that the design of the 13 developing nodes can work efficiently with our tracking methodology.
Selecting Delivery Systems and Media to Facilitate Blended Learning: A Systematic Process based on Skill Level, Content Stability, Cost and Instructional Strategy

Like others, the US Army, is examining the use of emerging instructional technologies, such as but not limited to blended learning (BL) to optimize training. The problem is there are neither established formulas nor published algorithms for determining which aspects of a course to put online and to administer face-to-face (f2f) to facilitate blended learning. To address the problem, a team of Instructional Designers examined existing training and formulated, tested, refined and transferred a process for analyzing and nominating specific aspects of military intelligence (MI) coursework for either residential (f2f) and/or distributed (online) delivery. The resulting process consisted of three basic stages that addressed five primary questions: Stage I – Basic Instructional Mode Selection. “What aspects of a course should be nominated for blended learning, conventional classroom learning, or distance learning? ” Stage IIa – Primary Distance Learning Delivery System Selection. “For those aspects nominated for Distance Learning, what primary system should be used to deliver the contents? ” Stage IIb – Primary Face-to-Face Instructional Setting Selection. “For those aspects nominated for Face-to-Face instruction, what primary settings should be used to deliver the contents? ” Stage IIIa – Instructional Strategy Selection. “What instructional strategy should be used to design and deliver the coursework? ” Stage IIIb – Media and Communication Tool Selection. “What specific media and telecommunications tools should be used to facilitate Distance Learning, Face-to-Face instruction, and Blended Learning coursework? ” The process seeks to optimize training by addressing (a) basic skills and knowledge through the use of distributed learning technologies, and (b) higher order thinking skills in conventional, face-to-face classroom settings. Three additional factors were considered for making media selection decisions including cost, stability and instructional strategy.
Public opinion on water reuse options

Public policy on waste water reuse options must be informed by public opinion because it is the public who must pay the cost of developing the option and who will be served by the option in the future. For public policy on reuse, guidance for innovative reuse is not as simple as first believed. It seems that public opinion regarding actual community reuse options is affected by the linkage of several factors, including water conservation, health protection, treatment and distribution costs, and environmental enhancement. Probability sampling was used in 7 studies to select respondents who were queried regarding their opinions on various reclaimed water uses such as ranging from cooling tower water to full domestic use. These 7 are briefly reviewed.
Lessons from a dissolving interorganizational collaboration

The dissolution of nonprofit interorganizational collaborations is an understudied, but relatively common phenomenon. This study uses interviews, field notes, and organizational documents to describe the tensions that emerged during the dissolution of an interorganizational collaboration among service providers, faith-based organizations, and community leaders and stakeholders aimed at addressing homelessness in rural Appalachia. Drawing on tension-centered theories of interorganizational collaboration, the analysis presents three tensions between community and fragmentation, organizational and collective accomplishments, and economic vs. social interests. The analysis demonstrates how the negotiation of tensions sustained collaboration, and how tensions were resolved through organizational dissolution. The conclusions present three lessons for dissolving community organizations that could facilitate future collaboration and research, emphasizing the importance of credit-sharing as a means of sustaining productive tensions in interorganizational collaborations.
Construction project leadership across the team development process

Purpose – The construction industry mostly adopts teams consisting of a collection of diverse professionals in each of its product delivery projects, where normally the construction project manager (CPM) becomes the leader of such a project team. The purpose of this paper is to identify the leadership roles of the CPM across the team development process. Design/methodology/approach – This was approached through a multiple case study research method carried out using three construction projects in Sri Lanka; two projects on traditional procurement method and another on design and build procurement method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the respective project managers and with other three distinct team members of each project. Findings – Based on the findings, leadership roles of the CPM across the team development process were revealed with the situational factors that affect these leadership roles in each stage of the team development process. Originality/value – Even though project leader.
Comprehensive electro-magnetic, thermal, and structural finite element analysis of the lithium collection lens at the FNAL Antiproton Source

A history of lithium Collection Lens failures at lower than designed focusing strengths has led to extensive efforts to quantify the Lens loading environment and structural behavior. A comprehensive finite element analysis (FEA) model of the lithium Lens has been developed as part of these efforts and as a tool to aid in future lithium lens design improvements. The FEA model includes complete device geometry, the excitement current pulse (damped sine wave), temperature dependent electrical, thermal and structural (including strain rate dependent) material properties. Latest results, including transient electro-magnetic, thermal and structural solutions, for the currently operational lithium Lens design are presented.
Rapid decline and fragmentation of the distribution of an enigmatic small carnivore, the Owston’s Civet, in response to future climate change

of threats, such as illegal hunting, habitat destruction, and global climate change. Climate change is expected to alter the region’s habitat and ecosystem conditions, force contraction of species ranges, and increase the likelihood of local extinctions. Maxent is a widely used modelling approach to predict the species’ current potential distribution, project range shifts in response to climate change, and inform conservation planning. Here, we collated known records and built models for both present and future climatically suitable habitat of the Owston’s Civet ( Chrotogale owstoni ), an endangered and poorly studied small carnivore occurring in Vietnam, eastern Laos, and a small part of southern China. Projections of climatically suitable habitat for the civet in most climate change scenarios and timeframes suggest significant habitat loss and fragmentation within its current range as a consequence of upward contraction. We recommend that future conservation efforts for C. owstoni focus on key refugia spreading along the Annamite Range in the border area between Vietnam and Laos. To mitigate climate-related extinction risk, close cooperation between Vietnam and Laos’ governmental agencies, research institutions, and non-governmental conservation organizations will play an important role in conserving the remaining habitat of
A Penta Band Slot Loaded CircularMicrostrip Antenna for WLAN and WiMAXApplications

This paper presents the design and development of slot loaded circular microstrip antenna for penta band operation. Thepenta band antenna has been realised by incorporating plus type equal arm length slots at the centre of the conventional circular microstrip antenna. The proposed antenna is operating between the frequencies range from 2.57 GHz to 11.09 GHz, covering the application bands of WLAN and WiMAX. The antenna gives broadside radiation characteristics at each operating band. The presented antennas are simulated and are analysed using commercial electromagnetic (EM) HFSS simulation software. The experimental and simulation results are given and are discussed in this paper. A close agreement is obtained between the simulated and experimental results.
Assessment and Comparative Study of Biofilm Formation with frequency of Multi Drug Resistance in strains of Staphylococcus aureus

Background The study was conducted to identify the role of biofilms in the antibiotic susceptibility in the strains of Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 19 non repeated pus/wound swab samples from different anatomic locations and 17 samples that were previously identified as S. aureus and preserved in the labs were included in the study. The Staphylococcus aureus was identified on the basis of colony morphology, Gram’s stain, biochemical tests (catalase and coagulase tests) and molecular identification through PCR amplification. Methodology A total of 26 samples were recovered out of the 31 samples. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test was used to determine the sensitivity or resistance of S. aureus to methicillin. Out of the 26 strains, 4 were highly resistant, 10 were moderately resistant and 12 strains were sensitive. Three different protocols (Tube Method, Congo Red Agar Method and Tissue Culture plate method) were used for the detection of biofilm formation for both resistant and sensitive strains. Result Comparative analysis of the antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation by different protocols showed that 70% strains that are resistant to antibiotic methicillin produced moderate-strong biofilms. 50% have produced the moderate-strong biofilms in all 3 protocols. In case of sensitive, 50% strains had produced none-weak biofilms in all 3 protocols. Decisions The strains that had zone of inhibition of close to resistance produced weak-strong biofilms but they all produced weak biofilms in CRA method. It can be concluded that the strains of S. aureus that have the ability to produce biofilms become methicillin resistant.
Diffusion of Induced Currents During EM Transmitter on-Time

Summary The electromagnetic smoke ring concept is a useful device for understanding how the fields induced in a 1-D earth propagate and diffuse in a medium. Aside from facilitating a physical understanding of field propagation, the smoke ring concept has been used to interpret behavior of vertical and radial magnetic fields at the surface (Pridmore, 1978) and used to estimate depth of penetration for conductivitydepth transforms (Sengpiel, 1988). Previous authors analyzing time-domain systems have focused their analysis on the current induced by a transmitter step-off excitation, neglecting practical airborne EM waveforms. In this paper, we study the current system induced during the on-time of a half-sine transmitter waveform and compare with the offtime current pattern. Since current is continually generated at surface, the on-time current pattern is more densely distributed near-surface than the off-time current system, suggesting that on-time field measurements should be relatively more sensitive to shallow targets.
THE ETW WALL INTERFERENCE ASSESSMENT FOR FULL AND HALF MODELS

The European Transonic Windtunnel (ETW), a pressurized cryogenic facility which in 2003 looked back at 10 years of operation, is offering its clients the testing of full and half models up to flight Reynolds number. Tests are generally performed with those slots in the test section walls opened that are opposite to the upper and lower wing surfaces, thus reducing the wall interference effects to very low levels. Nevertheless, to meet the high data quality standards demanded by aircraft designers, a calibration campaign to determine the small, however not negligible corrections, have been performed for full models in 1998. After development of the half model testing capability with a heated balance mounted behind the test section top wall, this effort has been repeated in 2002, so that the results produced with either test technique can now be considered as equivalent with respect to accuracy. This paper deals with the general approach to derive the wall interference corrections, outlines the above mentioned calibration campaigns, and compares some test results obtained with a full model and a half model of the same aircraft type.
Antiferromagnetic Ordering and Uncoupled Spins in CaFe2O4 Thin Films Probed by Spin Hall Magnetoresistance

CaFe2O4 is a uniaxial antiferromagnet displaying two coexisting magnetic orderings, A and B, characterized by ↑↑↓↓ and ↑↓↑↓ spin modulation, respectively, and the emergence of a net magnetization in a limited temperature range, which is not yet understood. The spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) is probed at the interface between Pt and CaFe2O4 and the crystallographic domain structure of thin film samples is exploited to perform single‐ and multi‐domain scale measurements. The SMR response, upon rotating the magnetic field along three orthogonal planes, shows little effect of the strong magnetocrystalline and shape anisotropies. Together with the response to a varying magnetic field strength, the modulations in the SMR signal allow to extract two contributions: one corresponds to the long‐range antiferromagnetic ordering, supporting a single ground state scenario; while the second contribution originates from uncompensated, non‐interacting spins. These are expected to exist at the antiphase boundaries between antiferromagnetic domains. Here, it is shown that these are also uncoupled from the antiferromagnetic ordering. Nonetheless, the long range correlations that emerge in the proximity of the critical antiferromagnetic transition can give rise to ordering of the uncompensated spins and be responsible for the net magnetization observed in this antiferromagnet.
Relation between ADHD and COVID-19: A Narrative Review to Guide Advancing Clinical Research and Therapy

Objective: To cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, national health authorities temporarily closed cultural, religious, and educational institutions such as universities and schools. Children and adolescents with ADHD were challenged with the restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic such as homeschooling and reduced physical activity. The present narrative review aimed to summarize the state-of-the-art regarding associations between COVID-19-related social restrictions and possible psychological and behavioral issues in children and adolescents with ADHD. Additionally, we discussed the underlying possible reasons of the association focusing on the role of parental influence and physical activity, vulnerabilities of individuals with ADHD to Covid-19 infection and to school closure and remote learning. Method: To collect data for the present narrative review, recent publications on these topics between February 1st, 2020 and January 10th, 2021 were retrieved from the most popular search engines (PubMed; Scopus; Google Scholar; Psych Info; Embase) through a comprehensive search using relevant keywords. Results: During confinement, children and adolescents with ADHD reported increased behavioral and ADHD-related symptoms and overall decreased psychological well-being. Factors negatively impacting children’s and adolescents’ behavioral symptoms and well-being were: less physical activity, adverse parental behavior, difficulties in coping with preventive guidelines, and school closure and remote learning consequences. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with ADHD and their caregivers faced both specific and general psychological issues related to the school lockdowns and homeschooling. Additionally, Individuals with ADHD seem to be more vulnerable to Covid-19 infection which highlights the need for better healthcare adaptation.
Loss of Depalmitoylation Exaggerates Synaptic Upscaling and Leads to Neuroinflammation in a Lysosomal Storage Disease

Palmitoylation and depalmitoylation are the dichotomic processes of lipid modification regulating protein trafficking, recycling, and degradation, thereby controlling proteostasis. Despite our understanding of palmitoylation, depalmitoylation is far less studied. Here, we study a lysosomal depalmitoylating enzyme, palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1), associated with the devastating neurodegenerative condition CLN1 disease and show that dark-rearing Ppt1-/- mice, which induces synaptic upscaling in vivo, worsen the symptoms. In Ppt1-/- cortical neurons, upscaling induction triggers exaggerated responses of synaptic calcium-permeable AMPA receptors composed of palmitoylated GluA1 subunits. Consequently, Ppt1-/- visual cortex exhibits hypersynchrony in vivo. Remarkably, we also find an overload of palmitoylated A-kinase anchor protein 5 (Akap5) in Ppt1-/- mouse brains, leading to microglial activation through NFAT. These findings indicate Ppt1 acts as a gatekeeper of homeostatic plasticity by regulating the proteostasis of palmitoylated synaptic proteins. Moreover, our results suggest that perturbed depalmitoylation results in neuroinflammation, which is common to neurodegenerative diseases.
Epitaxially-grown GaN junction field effect transistors

Junction field effect transistors (JFETs) are fabricated on a GaN epitaxial structure grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The dc and microwave characteristics of the device are presented. A junction breakdown voltage of 56 V is obtained corresponding to the theoretical limit of the breakdown field in GaN for the doping levels used. A maximum extrinsic transconductance (g/sub m/) of 48 mS/mm and a maximum source-drain current of 270 mA/mm are achieved on a 0.8 /spl mu/m gate JFET device at V/sub GS/=1 V and V/sub DS/=15 V. The intrinsic transconductance, calculated from the measured g/sub m/ and the source series resistance, is 81 mS/mm. The f/sub T/ and f/sub max/ for these devices are 6 GHz and 12 GHz, respectively. These JFET's exhibit a significant current reduction after a high drain bias is applied, which is attributed to a partially depleted channel caused by trapped hot-electrons in the semi-insulating GaN buffer layer. A theoretical model describing the current collapse is presented, and an estimate for the length of the trapped electron region is given.
A system dynamic model for assessing the level of BIM implementation in construction phase: a China case study

PurposeBuilding information modeling (BIM) is recognized as one of the technologies to upgrade the informatization level of the architecture engineering and construction (AEC) industry. However, the level of BIM implementation in the construction phase lags behind other phases of the project. Assessing the level of BIM implementation in the construction phase from a system dynamics (SD) perspective can comprehensively understand the interrelationship of factors in the BIM implementation system, thereby developing effective strategies to enhance BIM implementation during the construction phase. This study aims to develop a model to investigate the level of BIM implementation in the construction phase.Design/methodology/approachAn SD model which covered technical subsystem, organizational subsystem, economic subsystem and environmental subsystem was developed based on questionnaire survey data and literature review. Data from China were used for model validation and simulation.FindingsThe simulation results highlight that, in China, from 2021 to 2035, the ratio of BIM implementation in the construction phase will rise from 48.8% to 83.8%, BIM model quality will be improved from 27.6% to 77.2%. The values for variables “BIM platform”, “organizational structure of BIM” and “workflow of BIM” at 2035 will reach 65.6%, 72.9% and 72.8%, respectively. And the total benefits will reach 336.5 billion yuan in 2035. Furthermore, the findings reveal five factors to effectively promote the level of BIM implementation in the construction phase, including: policy support, number of BIM standards, owners demand for BIM, investment in BIM and strategic support for BIM.Originality/valueThis study provides beneficial insights to effectively enhance the implementation level of BIM in the construction phase. Meanwhile, the model developed in this study can be used to dynamically and quantitatively assess the changes in the level of BIM implementation caused by a measure.
Temporal Weighted Averaging for Asynchronous Federated Intrusion Detection Systems

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging subdomain of machine learning (ML) in a distributed and heterogeneous setup. It provides efficient training architecture, sufficient data, and privacy-preserving communication for boosting the performance and feasibility of ML algorithms. In this environment, the resultant global model produced by averaging various trained client models is vital. During each round of FL, model parameters are transferred from each client device to the server while the server waits for all models before it can average them. In a realistic scenario, waiting for all clients to communicate their model parameters, where client models are trained on low-power Internet of Things (IoT) devices, can result in a deadlock. In this paper, a novel temporal model averaging algorithm is proposed for asynchronous federated learning (AFL). Our approach uses a dynamic expectation function that computes the number of client models expected in each round and a weighted averaging algorithm for continuous modification of the global model. This ensures that the federated architecture is not stuck in a deadlock all the while increasing the throughput of the server and clients. To implicate the importance of asynchronicity in cybersecurity, the proposed algorithm is tested using NSL-KDD intrusion detection system datasets. The performance accuracy of the global model is about 99.5% on the dataset, outperforming traditional FL models in anomaly detection. In terms of asynchronicity, we get an increased throughput of almost 10.17% for every 30 timesteps.