Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reply to Referee #1 for “Evaluation of ORCHIDEE-MICT simulated soil moisture over China and impacts of di↵erent atmospheric forcing data” on HESSD

1.1 “The comparison against CCI soil moisture only for 2007 until 2009 is a odd choice. CCI is a unique soil moisture dataset in being based on observations and covering a long time period. This makes it di↵erent to other available long-term soil moisture datasets based on model output and other observation based datasets which are usually much shorter. Therefore it should be taken as what it was designed for without cherry-picking the best period. Also, these long time periods will be likely much more interesting for most readers as a limited amount of specific years. Also, the comparison is not too meaningful if the other datasets experiments are not compared for the same time period. ” A: The primary aim of the comparison using ESA CCI soil moisture (SM) is to assess our model outputs. The availability of ESA CCI SM varies a lot due to changes in sensors. Figure R1 shows the fraction of days with valid observations in di↵erent periods from Dorigo et al. (2015). It is clear that the fraction is extremely low in China (less than 0.2) until 2006. If we zoom in China and check CCI SM time series at some grid cells (Fig. R2), the availability varies not only temporally but also spatially. Once again, as our aim is to evaluate ORCHIDEE simulated soil moisture (spatial and temporal patterns), we have to select a period which presents the less gaps in the time series in order to be able to compare our evaluation metrics and their spatial variations. This explains why we choose the more recent period in the dataset, covering our simulations. In the manuscript, we modified as (Page 7, Line 1-5): “The data availability also varies along the period according to the number of instruments available and the increase of their temporal and spatial resolutions. In China, the fraction of days with available records (Figure 4 of Dorigo et al. (2015)) is lower than 20% from 1979 to 2006. More importantly, large spatial variation of gaps exists before 2006 (Fig. A1). To provide a reliable validation, we only use the CCI data between 2007-2009. ” However, we agree that it is interesting for readers to see a long time period comparison. Thus we will provide the comparison between ESA CCI and ORCHIDEE SM from 1981
Capital Goods Export to Developing Economies: Implication from Exporter’s Level of Technology and Destination Country’s Threat of Imitation

This article estimates the trade effect of capital goods exports from 19 OECD into 57 developing and emerging economies trade partners for the period 1990 to 2010. The impact of capital goods exports from the OECD countries is assessed using panel gravity model analysis. We examine the possibility of market-power or market-expansion related to capital goods export into the trading partners hypothesized using the intellectual property right (IPR) index, level of exporters’ technology and imitation threats in the destination country. Our empirical result shows some consistencies on the evidence of market-expansion effect towards capital goods exports which is directly observed from both exporters’ level of technology and destination country’s IPR protection level. Indirectly, a diminishing effect on market expansion is observed when conditioned on one interacting variable. We also predict a consistent market-power effect observed from threat of imitation over time.
CYCLONE CENTER Can Citizen Scientists Improve Tropical Cyclone Intensity Records?

O ne of the fundamental challenges in tropical cyclone (TC) analysis and forecasting is accurately determining the storm’s sustained maximum wind speed (or “intensity”) in an area with little or no in situ observations. Forecast centers, relying primarily on interpretation of geostationary satellite imagery as well as any other available data during operational activities, create postseason “best track” datasets. Best-track data contain (at minimum) information on TC track and intensity. They are widely used in a large number of research applications, including trend analysis (e.g., Emanuel 2005; Webster et al. 2005; Wu et al. 2006), forecast verification (e.g., Sievers et al. 2000; Poroseva et al. 2010), and evaluation of reanalysis datasets (Schenkel and Hart 2012). Unfortunately, when tropical cyclones are tracked by more than one agency, best-track data frequently disagree. For example, Webster et al. (2005) showed that the frequency of category 4 and 5 typhoons in the northwestern Pacific Ocean increased by 41% between the 1975–89 and 1990–2004 periods. But Wu et al. (2006) reported that those severe storms actually decreased in frequency between 10% and 16% over the same time periods. This contradiction arises from the source of the best-track data used by each group. Webster et al. used data from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC); Wu et al. used best-track data
’ s Response Article : Evaluation of Monte Carlo tools for high energy atmospheric physics II : relativistic runaway electron avalanches by

The authors mention the “effects of electric fields” (l. 5). I assume, this study is only about ambient fields and does not include self-consistent electric fields by solving the Poisson equation. Indeed, the study does not include self-consistent electric fields. The abstract has been updated to indicate the range of electric field we used to avoid the necessity to have self consistent models. Also, in line 10, it would already good to mention what kind of “stepping methodology” (line 10) is meant, i.e. of particles. page 1, line 10 of the revised manuscript: The sentence has been updated to indicate “[. ] stepping methodology of particles [. ]“. The authors mention that they only tested electric fields until 3 MV/m; however, the electric field for thermal runaway, i.e. for all electrons to run away irrespective of their initial energy, is approx. 26 MV/m, why not consider fields between 3 MV/m and 26 MV/m? We did do a range of electric fields when investigating the runaway threshold, but we were limited to classical breakdown threshold for the chosen set-up / approximations. To go above classical breakdown, lower energy physics and self consistent electric fields must be considered. And the latter is not possible for Geant4 because of the space oriented, non-synchronous particle trajectories. The reason why we chose not use E-fields above 3 MV/m has been has been added or clarified in three parts of paper: page 3, line 27-28; page 4, line 7-8; page 8, line 13-16
A técnica de Delphi e a técnica de grupo nominal como estratégias de coleta de dados das pesquisas em enfermagem

RESUMO: Observamos em estudos brasileiros a carencia de utilizacao de estrategias de coleta de dados alem dos questionarios, entrevistas e formularios. Este estudo tem o objetivo de apresentar e divulgar as tecnicas de Delphi e de Grupo Nominal, visando a sua utilizacao nas pesquisas em enfermagem. A tecnica de Delphi e a tecnica do Grupo Nominal sao comparadas e destacadas as vantagens e desvantagens de sua utilizacao. Estudos que as utilizam como estrategias de coleta de dados sao apresentados. A [. ]
SMS Encryption for Mobile Communication

W ireless peer to peer is the method by which individual users connect to each other directly, without need for a central point of management or system. It facilitate message passing between the two nodes which are directly connected. There arises a security issues for an unauthorized access to the message, hence a secured communication protocol is needed which can provide an authentication and integrity protection, which has to be establishes an end -to-end secure channel between server-side and client-side. An encryption and Decryption algorithm is used for the protocol to ensure confidentiality, integrity and nonrepudiation of messages.
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Inhibitors: New Cancer Breakthroughs for Lung Cancer

Kinases have become clinically validated targets for cancer therapy since imatinib first launched ten years ago. Twelve small molecule kinase-targeting agents have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of cancer. It indicates that deregulation of protein kinase, for example by amplification, translocation or mutation, is considered as a promising strategy for targeted cancer treatment. Thus, drugs targeting abnormal kinase activity hold great promise as potential targeted treatments. A new translocation gene mutation in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was recently discovered in 2007: an unusual protein encoded from a fusion gene of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML-4). Due to the connection between the aberrant expression and activation of ALK with the onset and progression of ALK-related ALCL, neuroblastomas and NSCLC, several agents have been developed to target oncogenic ALK kinase for the treatment of cancer. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of ALK inhibitors in clinical development, in particular crizotinib, which received FDA's accelerated approval for the treatment of NSCLC patients. Due to several point mutations, ALK(superscript L1196M) and ALK(superscript C1156Y), acquired crizotinib resistance, a number of second-generation ALK inhibitors against both wild-type and mutated resistant ALK, such as AP-26113, X-396 and CH5424802, will be also discussed. In summary, approval of gefitinib and erlotinib for the treatment of NSCLC patients opens up new door for personalized therapy. Thus the breakthrough success of crizotinib against EML4-ALK-positive NSCLC cancers takes only six years from bench to bedside and marks a new era of personalized therapy. It is believed that one or more small-molecule ALK inhibitors are expected to reach the market in the very near future.
Your choice MATor(s) : large-scale quantitative anonymity assessment of Tor path selection algorithms against structural attacks

In this paper, we present a rigorous methodology for quantifying the anonymity provided by Tor against a variety of structural attacks, i.e., adversaries that corrupt Tor nodes and thereby perform eavesdropping attacks to deanonymize Tor users. First, we provide an algorithmic approach for computing the anonymity impact of such structural attacks against Tor. The algorithm is parametric in the considered path selection algorithm and is, hence, capable of reasoning about variants of Tor and alternative path selection algorithms as well. Second, we present formalizations of various instantiations of structural attacks against Tor and show that the computed anonymity impact of each of these adversaries indeed constitutes a worst-case anonymity bound for the cryptographic realization of Tor. Third, we use our methodology to conduct a rigorous, largescale evaluation of Tor’s anonymity which establishes worst-case anonymity bounds against various structural attacks for Tor and for alternative path selection algorithms such as DistribuTor, SelekTOR, and LASTor. This yields the first rigorous anonymity comparison between different path selection algorithms. As part of our analysis, we quantify the anonymity impact of a path selection transition phase, i.e., a small number of users decides to run an alternative algorithm while the vast majority still uses the original one. The source code of our implementation is publicly available.
Meta-analysis of Aloe vera for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis

As a common side effect among cancer patients, chemotherapy-induced phlebitis (CIP) not only causes new health hazards to the patients, but also affects the smooth implementation of chemotherapy. In recent years, Aloe vera has been frequently used for the prevention and treatment of CIP in clinical practice. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the clinical value of Aloe vera for the prevention and treatment of CIP. The databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Scientific Journals Full-text Database (VIP), and the Wanfang database were searched. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using Review Management 5.0 software. Ten clinical trials related to the prevention of CIP and six trials about the treatment of CIP, involving a total of 4530 patients, were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that Aloe vera was effective for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis. The pooled OR in the Aloe vera external application treatment group was 0.13 (95% CI: 0.08-0.20, P < 0.001). Further subgroup analysis showed that the OR values in the Aloe vera treatment group for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degree phlebitis were 0.53 (95% CI: 0.21-1.33, P > 0.05), 0.10 (95% CI: 0.07-0.14, P < 0.001) and 0.10 (95% CI: 0.03-0.34, P < 0.001), respectively. Aloe vera significantly reduced the occurrence of second and third-degree phlebitis. Compared with the control group (50% magnesium sulfate), the total efficacy rate and the cure rate (RR) of Aloe vera group for CIP were 1.29 (95% CI: 1.19-1.39, P < 0.001) and 2.38 (95% CI: 1.27-4.47, P < 0.001), respectively. These results suggested that Aloe vera could be used for the treatment of CIP. In conclusion, Aloe vera has some potential clinical value in the prevention and treatment of CIP, but it still needs further study.
Micrometeorological Research of Peat Swamp Forests in Narathiwat , Thailand

Deforestation in tropical forest is continuing, and may be a cause of global environmental problems. Yet how the deforestation effects the environment is somewhat obscured. As a first step, an investigation of the differences of environmental characteristics between a natural tropical forest and deforested canopies has been conducted. Some measurements in a tropical swamp forest, a secondary forest, and a reclaimed paddy field in Narathiwat province, Thailand have been carried out. The measurements are made to clarify energy and mass exchange rates between the canopies and the atmosphere using micrometeorological methods. In the forest, those measurements are being conducted from a 38 meter-high observation tower constructed in June, 1992. Results obtained show that the deforestation of the tropical swamp forest undoubtedly changes the micrometeorology, In particular, the changes clearly appear in heat, water vapor, and carbon dioxide which are transported especially during the dry season. It was proved that a newly developed system to estimate ghs flux by using the eddy accumulation theory shows excellent performances to promise reliable gases fluxes measurements in natural environment.
Community-Based Management and Interrelations between Different Technology Adoption Decisions: Innovations in Village Poultry Farming in Western Africa

Community-based management (CBM) of village poultry aims to foster development and reduce poverty in Benin by disseminating five technologies for improving village poultry farming. We develop a theoretical model to analyze multiple technology adoption decisions that takes into account the interrelations between the technologies. Estimates from multivariate probit models indicate significant interrelations between the five adoption decisions. We show how the estimation results, and particularly the different types of marginal effects, can be utilized to deeply analyze the interrelations between adoption decisions. CBM successfully promoted the adoption of various technologies. Some adoption decisions indicate farmers’ general openness towards new technologies.
Effect of Planned Information Provision on Anxiety of Parents of Children Who Underwent Cardiac Surgery

Objective: To determine anxiety causes of parents of children who underwent cardiac surgery in order to develop a planned information provision and to evaluate anxiety level of parents with two different information provision. Methods: Parents of children administered to the pediatric cardiovascular clinic of a hospital in Turkey took part in two groups (group 1, 47; and group 2, 46) in the descriptive study. Parents were either provided with only routine information (group 1) or were provided with detailed information and given consultancy (group 2) regarding their child’s home-care following discharge. Parents of children aged between 0 and 18 years who underwent cardiac surgery were included in the study (n=93). A descriptive form and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to obtain data prior to discharge. Results: Parents in group 1 reported greater anxiety about home-care of their children mostly concerning infections/fever (76.1%), diet and nutrition (41.3%), and care of the surgical incision (30.4%) compared to those in group 2. State and trait anxiety scores of the parents in group 2 were significantly lower than those in group 1 (state, 35.7±7.2 v 51.6±7.1; p<0.05 and trait, 38.5±8.0 v 52.5±6.4; p<0.05) regarding their children’s home-care. Conclusion: Parents of children undergoing cardiac surgery are at increased risk of anxiety. Post-operative therapeutic intervention is more effective in decreasing parental anxiety levels regarding their children’s home-care after discharge than provision of only routine information. Nurses need to develop effective discharge planning strategies for informing and educating parents about their children’s home-care following discharge.
TITLE : Tuning optoelectronic properties of III-V Alloys for optical emitters via spatial electron localization

The global increase in internet usage requires an upgrade of the existing infrastructure. Lasers are a key proponent to improving existing systems, and engineering better gain materials aids in this effort. (InGa)As is the leading material in this field for 1.55 μm communication wavelengths, but can be improved on by changing the substrate from InP to GaAs. Another improvement would be reducing the losses due to Auger recombination. (InGa)(BiAs) is suggested to alleviate many of these issues, as it can be grown on a GaAs substrate and is capable of decreased Auger recombination. By analyzing prospective alloys (and existing ones) using spatial electron localization, a superior candidate for industrial use can be suggested. The localization captures the disorder introduced by alloying and can be associated with material properties such as the gain characteristics and photoluminescence linewidths. These properties are important factors in determining a successor. The subject of two-dimensional materials is another topic which has shown promise in various applications. Examples include flexible, transparent, and miniaturized electronics. Recent research done by Al Balushi et al. [1] suggests that GaN may be stabilized in a two-dimensional system. By extending the material modelling approach from the telecommunication application to this system, we were able to show which III-V isoelectronic elements can be substituted into GaN. This two-dimensional system may be the only candidate capable of spanning the visible spectrum. We found Phosphorus to be the strongest candidate for decreasing the band gap.
Capacitive Current Feedback Control Approach for LCL-Based Four Leg Shunt Active Power Filter

The four leg shunt active power filter has strong ability of harmonic and neutral current compensation, and is especially suitable for three-phase four-wire system harmonic suppression. At present the single inductor filter is usually used in four leg shunt active power filter, but the single inductor filter does not have enough capacity for high frequency harmonic attenuation. Due to this,this paper proposes a three-phase four-leg applied to active power filter LCL filter. This paper proposes a LCL filter which is applied to three-phase four-leg active power filter. However, LCL filter can produce resonance. Series resistance in capacitor branch can inhibit resonance. As a result, it will consume more active power. So this paper proposed control strategy using capacitive current feedback, which can not only effectively suppress resonance but also avoid consuming active power. Keywords-LCL filter; capacitive current feedback; four leg shunt active power filter; harmonic
Forecasting Harvest Area and Production of Strawberry Using Time Series Analyses

This study was conducted to model the harvest area and production of strawberry in Turkey using FAOSTAT data from period of 1965 2015 to forecast strawberry harvest area and production for 2016-2025 period. Non-stationary time series of strawberry harvest area and production for 1965-2015 period were transformed into stationary time series after taking the first difference of the time series. Three Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA (1,1,0), ARIMA (1,1,1) and ARIMA (0,1,1)) and three Exponential Smoothing (Holt, Brown and Damped) models were used comparatively for time series data sets on strawberry harvest area and production. Holt exponential smoothing model showed the best forecasting and Brown exponential smoothing model was the most appropriate forecasting model for strawberry harvest area and production from the tested six models. We forecasted that the strawberry harvest area is going to be 14 385 ha in 2016 and will increase to 16 591 ha in 2025. The strawberry production forecasted significant increase for the 2016-2025 period, from 396 341 tons to 519 816 tons. Briefly, the present forecasting results might help policy makers to develop macro-level policies for food security and more effective strategies for better planning strawberry production in Turkey.
Chemical composition of the extracellular slime glycolipoprotein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its relation to gentamicin resistance

The slime glycolipoproteins (GLPs) extracted from Pseudornonas aeruginosa strain C2 and its laboratory-induced gentamicin-resistant variant were analysed for gross chemical composition. The GLP of the wild-type strain contained significantly greater amounts of neutral sugars, uronic acid and thiobarbituric-reactive material (p < 0.001) than the GLP of the gentamicin-resistant variant. Also significantly higher (p<O.Ol) was the amino-sugar content of the GLP from the wild-type strain. Paper chromatographic analyses of the hydrolysates of the GLPs revealed that two neutral sugars, rhamnose and mannose, were absent from the GLP of the resistant variant. The GLP of strain C2 contained significantly less protein than the GLP of the gentamicin-resistant variant.
CallMeSmart: A VoIP Softphone on Android based mobile devices using SIP

The Wireless Communication Infrastructure represents a core for information sharing between health care workers in hospitals: Medical staffs work situation is highly mobile, and important information is constantly shared between health care workers to provide high quality service for the patients. Physicians carry mobile communication devices to be able to communicate in their mobile work, and often several wireless devices according to their role and responsibilities. This leads to a number of problems, especially regarding interruptions from these devices. Such interruptions are often due to the caller is unaware or ignoring the situation and context, in which their colleagues are. This can, and often does lead to severe medical consequences. This article deals with the CallMeSmart system (CMS); a communication infrastructure based on collection, analysis and dissemination of context sensitive information through a communication system based on smartphones and DECT devices, to improve the current communication backbones, and to reduce interruptions from mobile devices in hospital settings.