Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distribution and abundance of freshwater fish in New Zealand rivers

The distribution and abundance of fish at sites in 38 medium to large New Zealand rivers were examined. Fish density varied from 5 to 200 fish per 100 m2, with an average of 53 fish. Our study sites contained a greater species richness and abundance than records stored on the New Zealand Freshwater Fish Database, where the average density was 28 fish per 100 m2. The average number of species at the study sites was 5, compared to 3 in the national database. Comparison of first-pass catches with multiple-pass population estimates showed that there was no difference in capture probability between species and that on average 51% of the population was captured on the first pass. The diadromous habit of many native species, and their ability to penetrate inland, was an overwhelming influence on their distribution. There was little regional variation in species composition, apart from the presence or absence of three non- diadromous species. Two distinct fish communities were evident: lowland and upland. Lowland communities typically contained the highest density and diversity offish, whereas upland communities were dominated by one or two species. Many river sites were intermediate between lowland and upland, both in species composition and fish density, and showed a gradual reduction in abundance and change in community structure with elevation, as those fish less able to penetrate inland disappeared and non-diadromous species began to appear. Elevation was the most important discriminating factor, with physical habitat and
Acoustic Emission Recognition Based On A Two-Streams Convolutional Neural Network

: The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a widely used deep neural network. Compared with the shallow neural network, the CNN network has better performance and faster computing in some image recognition tasks. It can effectively avoid the problem that network training falls into local extremes. At present, CNN has been applied in many different fields, including fault diagnosis, and it has improved the level and efficiency of fault diagnosis. In this paper, a two-streams convolutional neural network (TCNN) model is proposed. Based on the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) spectral and Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) input characteristics of two-streams acoustic emission (AE) signals, an AE signal processing and classification system is constructed and compared with the traditional recognition methods of AE signals and traditional CNN networks. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. Compared with single-stream convolutional neural network and a simple Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, the performance of TCNN which combines spatial and temporal features is greatly improved, and the accuracy rate can reach 100% on the current database, which is 12% higher than that of single-stream neural network.
Proactive Mobility Management With Trajectory Prediction Based on Virtual Cells in Ultra-Dense Networks

Ultra-dense networking (UDN) is a promising technology to improve the network capacity in the next-generation mobile communication system. The virtualization paradigm is tightly integrated into UDN to address the problem of interference management. However, mobility management based on virtual cells meets significant challenges in UDN due to the frequent handovers and massive signaling overhead. These problems become severe for vehicles owing to their high-speed movement. In this paper, driven by trajectory prediction using a real-world vehicle mobility dataset, we propose a proactive mobility management solution based on virtual cells. Four modules are designed in the centralized Software-Defined Networking controller to support the proposed solution. The proposed LSTM-DR framework predicts the next locations of vehicles by integrating Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Dead Reckoning (DR) method. The active gNBs selection algorithm selects the serving gNBs to form virtual cells according to predicted locations and mobility preferences. The corresponding signaling procedure is then carefully designed to further reduce the signaling overhead. Simulation results show that the proposed prediction framework can achieve higher accuracy and robustness in trajectory prediction. The proposed proactive solution reduces the handover frequency and handover failure rate and thereby saves the handover signaling overhead significantly.
Aerial photo-interpretation using Z/I DMC images for estimation of forest variables

Abstract Interpretation and tree height measurements in aerial photographs using photogrammetric workstations are frequently performed in standwise forest inventory. Images acquired by digital aerial cameras are now replacing the traditional film-based aerial photographs. In this study, digital images from the airborne Z/I DMC system for standwise estimation of stem volume, tree height and tree species composition were investigated at a 1200 ha forest area located in southern Sweden (58°30′N, 13°40′E). The 56 selected stands were dominated by Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst. ] and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with stem volume in the range of 30–630 m3 ha−1 (average 300 m3 ha−1) and tree height in the range of 6–28 m (average 20 m). The large-format pansharpened colour infrared images were captured at a flight altitude of 4800 m above ground level corresponding to a pixel size of 0.48 m. The photo-interpretation was conducted by four professional interpreters, independently. In particular, two different base-to-height ratios (i.e. the ratio between the ground distance between image centres at the time of exposure and the flight altitude above ground level) of 0.26 and 0.39 were evaluated, but no significant difference in the estimation accuracy for stem volume and tree height was found. The accuracy for stem volume estimation in terms of relative root mean square error, corrected for systematic errors, was on average 24% (in the range of 17–39%). The corresponding accuracy for tree height estimation was on average 1.4 m (in the range of 0.9–1.6 m). The tree species composition accuracy assessment using a fuzzy set evaluation procedure showed that 95% of the stands were correctly classified. The estimation accuracies are in agreement with previous results using conventional film-based aerial panchromatic photographs.
Characterization of drop-casted graphene/cellulose thin film on printing paper substrate

Paper electronics is an emerging technology to implement flexible and wearable electronics devices via ink printing process. This paper evaluates the feasibility of using conventional printing paper for coating process with graphene/cellulose ink. 4 different types of regularly used conventional printing papers were used as substrates in this work. The conductive graphene ink was prepared through exfoliation of graphite in cellulose solution. The paper substrates surface morphology and sheet resistance of the drop-casted conductive ink on each paper were analyzed and discussed. Glossy paper was found to be suitable paper substrate for the printing of the formulated ink due to its low surface roughness of 16 nm. The value of sheet resistance of the graphene/cellulose thin film can be lowered to 4.11 kΩ/sq by applying multiple drops. This work suggests that conventional printing paper may offer solution for highly scalable and low-cost paper electronics.
Parallel Hybrid Stochastic-Binary-Based Neural Network Accelerators

Stochastic computing (SC) adopting probability as the medium, has been recently developed in the field of neural network (NN) accelerator due to simple hardware and high fault tolerance. However, traditional SC-based NN accelerators employ the bit-serial computation, and thus suffer from high latencies, random fluctuations and high hardware costs of bitstream number generators. In this brief, a novel parallel hybrid stochastic-binary-based NN (PHSB-NN) accelerator architecture manipulating the parallel thermometer coding is proposed. Parallel bitstream number generator and multiply accumulate (MAC) are also proposed, respectively, which can synchronously decode all bitstreams and complete the MAC computation in only one clock cycle. Compared with traditional SC-based NN accelerators, the proposed PHSB-NN accelerators can achieve $33.5\times $ energy efficiency improvement without sacrificing the accuracy on the MNIST dataset, as demonstrated in the circuit synthesis results of the standard 14-nm FinFET technology.
Modeling the process of formation of stagnation zones at hazardous production facility with application of CFD technologies

Purpose. Early safety assessment of propane­butane storage facilities by modeling the processes of formation of stagnation zones with possible release of gaseous hazardous substances. Methodology. The presented research uses three­dimensional modeling methods and finite volumes using CFD technologies based on FlowVision software package. It is based on numerical solution of three­dimensional equations of fluid and gas dynamics, including the laws of conservation of mass, momentum (Navier­Stokes equations), and equations of state. findings. Using the methods of three­dimensional modeling and finite volumes, stagnation zones in a tank farm were calcu­ lated for different wind directions and measurement heights, which made it possible to comprehensively assess the situation at the facility in question and develop measures to improve safety during the operation of the tank farm, as well as recommendations for making changes at the design stage of reservoir parks with propane­butane mixture in order to increase safety of the facility in case of depressurization of equipment. originality. It was demonstrated that the buildings located on the territory of the tank farm worsen the movement of air flow, which contributes to formation of stagnation zones of considerable size and, as a result, an increase in potential dispersion time of the probable accidental release of hazardous substances. It has been established that for the object under consideration, the maxi­ mum sizes of stagnation zones were observed at the north direction of the wind, and the minimum – at the southeast direction of the wind. Practical value. Using advanced visualization and data processing tools, we can analyze the calculation results and obtain nec­ essary data relatively quickly and efficiently. The obtained simulation results allow us to do similar studies for objects where an emergency outburst of gaseous substances is possible.
A Biological Study of Fucus Vesiculosus L. and F. Serratus L.

A certain variation in level of the fucoid zone with latitude is demonstrated. The belt of Fucus vesiculosus and F. serratus lies lower on the Devon coast than on either the Manx or the Argyll coast. The conditions for the optimum germination of fertilized eggs are dissimilar to those for maximum rate of frond-extension. Normal growth-rates have been established for both species for the first 3 years of life. In F. vesiculosus the average rate of elongation per week is 0·48 cm. on the Devon coast, 0·45 cm. on the Manx coast and 0·68 cm. on the Argyll coast. In F. serratus the average rate of elongation per week is 0·49 cm. on the Devon coast, 0·68 cm. on the Manx coast and 0·85 cm. on the Argyll coast. The rate of growth is shown to vary with the conditions of the environment. Shelter from rough water tends to enhance growth-rate, and there is an indication that greater stature is achieved by the plants from the Argyll station than from either of the other stations.
Development of a Multimetric Index for Assessing the Biological Condition of the Ohio River

Abstract The use of fish communities to assess environmental quality is common for streams, but a standard methodology for large rivers is as yet largely undeveloped. We developed an index to assess the condition of fish assemblages along 1,580 km of the Ohio River. Representative samples of fish assemblages were collected from 709 Ohio River reaches, including 318 “least-impacted” sites, from 1991 to 2001 by means of standardized nighttime boat-electrofishing techniques. We evaluated 55 candidate metrics based on attributes of fish assemblage structure and function to derive a multimetric index of river health. We examined the spatial (by river kilometer) and temporal variability of these metrics and assessed their responsiveness to anthropogenic disturbances, namely, effluents, turbidity, and highly embedded substrates. The resulting Ohio River Fish Index (ORFIn) comprises 13 metrics selected because they responded predictably to measures of human disturbance or reflected desirable features of the Ohio .
The Relationship of Public Service Motivation to Job Satisfaction and Job Performance of Emergency Medical Services Professionals

Public service motivation (PSM) are motivational factors that are unique in professions that serve the public. This study examined PSM’s relationship to self-reported job satisfaction and job performance in a unique sample of emergency medical services professionals, in which little research on the PSM construct has been undertaken. The PSM factors that emerged in this study did not mirror the traditional four-factor structure. The public interest and self-sacrifice factors formed a single public service factor, and a small number of compassion factors loaded on a second factor, with the policy-making factor being fully replicated. All three factors were significantly related to job satisfaction, and none were related to job performance, while controlling for the influence of demographic and contextual factors. All of these contextual factors were significantly related to job performance, except for the length of time in the emergency medical services (EMS) field, but not job satisfaction.
Pitching it Right: Legitimation Strategies in Initial Coin Offerings

ICOs have recently emerged as a promising mechanism for raising capital for blockchain based technology start-ups. However, due to their unregulated nature, actual operation has been fraught with challenges including frauds and security breaches leading to loss of investor money. We investigate how the entrepreneurs behind them legitimate their enterprises in this emerging funding system. By analyzing over 4000 start-up pitches to investors, we investigate whether competing emphases on isomorphic adaptation, strategic affiliation and theorization in the quest to achieve legitimacy help start-ups achieve their ICO funding goals. Our investigation contributes to the nascent literature on ICO success and potentially uncovers useful insights on how very early stage companies manage investor perceptions to obtain funding necessary for survival.
Quasi-Isotropic Radiation Pattern Synthesis Using Triple Current Line Sources

This communication proposes a design method to synthesize a quasi-isotropic radiation pattern with a planar antenna structure. The proposed method is based on the combination of triple current line sources. As a demonstrated example, a pair of out-of-phase line sources is combined with another orthogonal line source for radiation pattern synthesis. By optimizing the spatial distance in the proposed triple current line source model, quasi-isotropic radiation performance can be realized with theoretical analyses, showing that the gain variation (i.e., the maximum gain minuses the minimum gain) of the proposed method is 0.53 dB. As a proof of concept, a folded dipole antenna is designed and fabricated to verify the proposed method. Full-wave simulation shows the gain variation of the folded dipole antenna is 1.37 dB and measured result is 3.62 dB.
Giving recipient communities a greater head start and including productive species boosts early resistance to invasion

Questions: Giving a time advance to restored native plant species has recently been considered a promising way to improve their persistence and reduce invasion success (i.e. through priority effects). However, little is known about the influence of the elapsed time between seeding and invasion and its interaction with other characteristics such as species composition and density, despite the fact that it could substantially help developing effective management strategies. Methods: In a pot experiment, we simulated invasion by three major invasive species (Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Bothriochloa barbinodis, and Cortaderia selloana) in soil covered with recipient communities differing in species composition (one, three or nine species), density (700 or 2,778 seeds/m 2 ), and time advance (established one or five months previously). We assessed early invasion success by measuring seedling emergence and survival over six months. Results: Early invasion success was mainly explained by recipient community's time advance and composition (or their interaction), while density had limited influence. Polycultures (three or nine species) showed generally greater invasion resistance, most likely due to high aboveground biomass essentially produced by two species. Species composition interacted with time advance in two ways: (1) Bothriochloa barbinodis seedling emergence was impacted by composition only in communities having five months of advance, suggesting that the contribution of species composition to invasion resistance varies according to the age of the community, and (2) Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Cortaderia selloana survival was affected by time advance in polycultures only, which produced much more biomass than monocultures, implying that a greater head start provides a competitive advantage only if it allows a sufficient increase in biomass production. Conclusions: Implementing revegetation as soon as site clearance work is over, as well as establishing productive native species may help reduce invasion success. How much of an advantage recipient community time advance represents depends on biomass production.
A Novel Gene of β Chain of the IFN-γ Receptor of Huiyang Chicken: Cloning, Distribution, and CD Assay

The β chain of the interferon-γ receptor (IFNGR-2) plays a critical role in signal transmission to the nucleus by IFN-γ. Here, we cloned the full-length cDNA of IFNGR-2 of Huiyang chicken using RACE. mRNA transcripts of IFNGR-2 were detected in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and various organs using Northern blot analysis. The extracellular region of IFNGR-2 (IFNGR-2EC) was expressed in Pichia pastoris, and its secondary structure was investigated by circular dichroism (CD). The Huiyang chicken IFNGR-2 gene is 2221 bp with a polyA+ tail, and it encodes 334 amino acids sharing 30%–33% identity with that of rat, mouse, and human IFNGR-2. IFNGR-2 is localized on chromosome 1 of chicken in tandem with IFNAR-1, interleukin- 10 receptor (IL-10R-2), and IFNAR-2. IFNGR-2 was highly expressed in PBL, muscle, spleen, thymus, and cecal tonsil, whereas its expression in cardiac muscle, cloacal bursa, liver, and kidney was comparatively low. Recombinant protein of IFNGR-2EC expressed in P. pastoris formed the secon.
Can reliable sage-grouse lek counts be obtained using aerial infrared technology

Abstract More effective methods for counting greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are needed to better assess population trends through enumeration or location of new leks. We describe an aerial infrared technique for conducting sage-grouse lek counts and compare this method with conventional ground-based lek count methods. During the breeding period in 2010 and 2011, we surveyed leks from fixed-winged aircraft using cryogenically cooled mid-wave infrared cameras and surveyed the same leks on the same day from the ground following a standard lek count protocol. We did not detect significant differences in lek counts between surveying techniques. These findings suggest that using a cryogenically cooled mid-wave infrared camera from an aerial platform to conduct lek surveys is an effective alternative technique to conventional ground-based methods, but further research is needed. We discuss multiple advantages to aerial infrared surveys, including counting in remote areas, representing greater sp.
The vertical distribution of pronophiline butterflies (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) along an elevational transect in Monte Zerpa (Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela) with remarks on their diversity and parapatric distribution

Aim The distribution of neotropical butterflies of the tribe Pronophilini (Lepidoptera, Satyridae) was analysed with the aim of determining (i) the elevational ranges of distribution of each species (ii) the elevational gradient in diversity, and (iii) the existence of parapatric distributions of some closely related species pairs. Location The field study was carried out in the middle and upper section of the valley of the Rio Albarregas, a tributary of the Rio Chama on the southern slopes of the Serrania de la Culata, in the central part of the Cordillera de Merida, Venezuela. Methods The material was collected along an elevational transect set on a trail leading from Merida to the Paramo de Los Conejos in the area known as Monte Zerpa. It consisted of a series of 32 collection sites set at every 25 m of altitude and covered an elevation from 2250 m to 3025 m. Results The ranges of Lymanopoda obsoleta, L. albocincta, L. zapatoza, Corades chelonis, C. pannonia, C. medeba, Mygona irmina, Pedaliodes epidipnis, P. japhleta, P. montagna and P. panyasis were all restricted to the lower half of the cloud forest zone and L. diezti, C. pax, P. polla, P. ornata and P. ferratilis were all restricted to the upper part. Two species, Erethris porphyria and Steroma bega, crossed the entire elevational range of the cloud forest zone.The biodiversity, as measured by Shannon’s index, attained a maximum at 2700 m, beyond which it gradually decreased. A parapatric distribution was confirmed for three pairs of closely related species: L. obsoleta and L. diezti, C. chelonis and C. pax and P. montagna and P. ferratilis. Main conclusions The peak in diversity at middle elevations seems to result from the overlapping ranges of species distributed over lower and upper parts of the cloud forest. Correlation of species composition at particular transect sites with elevation showed that increase in elevation was associated with an increase in species composition difference. Post-mating isolation was suggested as a primary factor responsible for maintaining the parapatric distributions of species occupying the upper and lower zones and preventing their respective distributions from expanding.
Challenging systemic racism in school board meetings through intertextual co-optation

ABSTRACT In this paper, we apply the concept of intertextuality – which entails a speaker or writer using language from another source – to better understand how a particular discursive strategy can be used to challenge systemic racism and white supremacy. Specifically we examine what we call intertextual co-optation – co-opting another’s words for one’s own purposes – and how this was harnessed by Black community advocates and their supporters in the case of a largely white suburban school district plagued by systemic racism and racist incidents. We employ Sandoval’s concept of meta-ideologizing to demonstrate how intertextual co-optation undermined the ideology of the district’s school board. We analyzed more than 13 hours of videos of school board meetings in this district, in which Black community members and their supporters critiqued the school board’s lack of substantive response to racist incidents. We found 20 instances of intertextual co-optation involving community members using a board member’s words against them. Specifically, this discursive strategy served to (a) expose board members’ hypocrisy and/or (b) discredit board members’ arguments by revealing and refuting unspoken assumptions and false premises. Ultimately, our analysis indicates the potential of intertextual co-optation as a discursive strategy of meta-ideologizing to disrupt dominant ideology and systemic racism.