Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A fast and highly sensitive method for the detection of canine distemper virus by the naked eye

An easy, low cost method for the detection of canine distemper virus (CDV) that requires no instrumentation and uses gold nanoparticle-labeled antibodies is presented. The proposed method shows a linear relationship between the concentration and signal in the range of 0 to 1.5 μg L−1 with a detection limit of 0.7 ng mL−1. The method was successfully applied to the detection of CDV in real samples of urine and the results from these studies correlate with values obtained using conventional methods. Our results offer the possibility of easy, rapid and reliable clinical diagnosis of CDV by monitoring the colorimetric changes and measuring linear surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) changes in urine samples. The rapid visual detection of the virus using a test assay may offer a simple and cost-effective alternative to highly complex and instrument-dependent commercial methods.
Evaluation of figures of merit for Zn determination in environmental and biological samples using EDL excited AFS in a new radiofrequency capacitively coupled plasma

A new atomic fluorescence spectrometry system based on medium power single ring electrode radiofrequency capacitively coupled plasma torch (SRTr.f.CCP) (275 W; 27.12 MHz; 0.7 L min−1 Ar) and electrodeless discharge lamp (EDL) was assessed for Zn determination in environmental and biological samples. The EDL-SRTr.f. CCP-AFS method is virtually free from non-spectral interferences and provides a detection limit of 8.2 μg L−1 and 0.8–2.8 mg Kg−1 Zn in liquid and solid samples, respectively. The accuracy and precision of the method were assessed by Zn determination in various certified reference materials. For concentration levels of 59–11400 μg L−1 in water and 17–316 mg Kg−1 in solid sample a relative standard deviation of 1.0–10.0% and recovery of 103 ± 9% were obtained. The new spectrometric system fulfils the requirements for Zn determination in environmental and biological matrices with the advantage of an easy operation and low running costs compared to ICP-MS.
Stress degradation studies on citicoline sodium and development of a validated stability-indicating HPLC assay

Aim: High performance liquid chromatography presents a useful aspect for the development of stability indicating assays. Objective of the current study was to establish inherent stability of citicoline sodium through stress studies under a variety of international conference on harmonization recommended test conditions and to develop a stability-indicating assay. Materials and Methods: Thermal stability studies were performed in a hot air oven (Hicon) and photo stability studies were carried out under the sunlight. The chromatographic separations were carried out on a reverse phase phenomenox C18 (250 mm΄4.6 mm i.d., particle size 5 ΅m) column. The chromatographic method was fine tuned using the sample generated from forced degradation studies. Mobile phase consists of mixture of buffer (potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate, tetra butyl ammonium, triethyl amine; pH 5.5; 0.002M) and methanol (95:5, v/v). Results: Good resolution between the peaks corresponds to degradation products and the analyte was achieved on 5 ΅, 250 mm΄4.6 mm i.d. , C18 column (Luna, phenomenox, USA). The method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, range, and selectivity. Conclusion: The study shows that citicoline sodium is a labile molecule in acid, oxidative, and alkali conditions. It is stable to light and dry heat. A stability-indicating method was developed and is recommended for analysis of the drug and degradation products in stability samples.
Second Virial Coefficients of Argon, Krypton, and Argon‐Krypton Mixtures at Low Temperatures

Second virial coefficients of argon between 80–125°K, and krypton (105–140°K), have been measured. The experimental values are 5–15% larger in magnitude than those calculated from 12–6 or exp—6 potential functions by the substitution of parameters assigned to describe high‐temperature virial coefficients. Second virial coefficients calculated from the potential‐distance relationship proposed by Guggenheim and McGlashan are within 1% of the experimental values for argon, but are about 4% smaller in magnitude than the measured krypton coefficients.Argon‐krypton mixed virial coefficients have been determined between 105–125°K. These experimental results are best expressed by a 12–6 potential energy parameter combining rule e12=2e1e2/e1+e2.
Challenges and Prospects of Entrepreneurship in Bhutan from the Lens of Business Educators

Entrepreneurship plays an important role in generating employment opportunities, enhancing public income and promoting societal change, particularly in a budding economy like Bhutan. Given its importance to the country, this paper investigates the challenges faced by aspiring entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial ventures, and their future prospects in Bhutan. The paper adopts qualitative research methodology to study the perspective of business educators through a semi-structured interview with fifteen participants from Gedu College of Business Studies located at Gedu, Bhutan. The study reveals that, due to a range of challenges the aspiring entrepreneurs and the entrepreneurial ventures face today, the Bhutanese entrepreneurs have a long way to go before they can effectively drive changes in the economy. However, the findings suggest that there is a good prospect for the entrepreneurial ventures in the country, and the ventures will have an undue advantage if it can leverage on the technological support from other countries. To ease the way for entrepreneurs in the country, the study finds it important to encourage the consumption of indigenous products by discouraging the import of the goods and services that can be produced Original Research Article Sharma and Gautam; JEMT, 26(9): 63-71, 2020; Article no.JEMT. 62505 64 within the country, regulate the price of the home made product, explore market and marketing facilities beyond the country to encourage large scale production, initiate discussion about entrepreneurship and the associated benefits at school levels and also take adequate infrastructural facilities (water, electricity and transportation network) across all parts of the country.
The repulsive effects of the tax burden on the generation of wealth in Brazil

Purpose – This research was aimed at verifying the influence of the tax burden on the value added produced by publicly traded companies listed in Brazil Bolsa Balcao (B 3 ). Design/methodology/approach – The study had a quantitative approach and the sample period was from 2010 to 2016. Given the complexity of the Brazilian tax burden – characterized by high tax rates and confusing legislation – and the importance of value added as an accounting metric with economic impact, this research relied on the public choice theory and the elasticity of taxable income to analyze the relationship between the level of tax burden and the process of wealth generation in Brazilian companies. Findings – The empirical evidence found in this study corroborates the theoretical understanding that the tax burden in Brazil exerts a negative influence on the value added produced by companies. Practical and Social implications – This conclusion is a relevant assessment for society as a whole, as it is necessary to protect and maximize companies’ wealth-adding process, since it is the resources produced by companies that will be shared in the economy with society, whose development depends on the wealth creation process. Originality – The use of the added value produced as a metric of efficiency or saturation of the tax burden borne by companies in the Brazilian market.
A framework for the implementation of certification procedures at nurse level: a case study in a French hospital

Background The implementation of certification procedures across healthcare systems is an essential component of the management process. In the past, several promising approaches have been developed towards the successful implementation of such policies, however, precise adaptation and implementation at the local context is essential. Thus, local activities must be considered to generate more pragmatic recommendations for managers. In this pilot study, we built an implementation framework for the inception of certification in healthcare facilities, particularly at nurse level activities. Our hypothesis comprised two objectives: the identification of key implementation process components, and the precise definition of these elements within local social activities. Methods This study used a two-step abductive approach. The first was inductive, and consisted of a qualitative case study, where we analysed the implementation of certification procedures in a French teaching hospital. The study was conducted between April and December 2019. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and observations by shadowing. In the second step, the emerging data were analysed using two approaches: The Quality Implementation Tool (QIT) and Translational Mobilisation Theory (TMT). Results Sixteen interviews were conducted with managers and nurses. We also accumulated 83 observational hours from two different wards. Our results showed that, first, all the retrieved elements over the implementation of certification procedures were captured by the QIT components and only one component was no applicable for the studied case. Second, we identified the elements in the local context of activity, with the different interrelationships between actors, actions and contexts, through the TMT. Third, our analyses were integrated and translated into a framework that described the implementation of certification procedures in healthcare facilities and with interest to the implementation at nurse/mid-managers level. In adopting QIT, the framework components took a transversal aspect then adapted to the local context of work through the TMT. Conclusions In this study, we generated an implementation framework that underpinned a certification procedures implementation. Our approach revealed broad interactions between proximity managers, teams and contexts during change mobilisation, not captured by transversal framework only as QIT. Going forward, this framework must be tested in future empirical studies.
Linkage Between Exchange Rate and Stock Prices: Evidence from Vietnam

The study investigates the asymmetric effect of exchange rate changes on stock prices in Vietnam. We use the nonlinear autoregressivedistributed lag (ARDL) analysis for monthly data from 2001:01 to 2018:05, based on VN-Index stock price collected from Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE); the nominal exchange rate is separated into currency depreciation and appreciation through a partial sum decomposition process. Asymmetry is estimated both in the long-run relationship and the short-run error correction mechanism. The research results show that the effect of exchange rate changes on stock prices is asymmetrical, both in the short run and in long run. Accordingly, the stock prices react to different levels to depreciation and appreciation. However, the currency appreciation affects a stronger transmission of stock prices when compared to the long-run currency depreciation. In the absence of asymmetry, the exchange rate only has a short-run impact on stock prices. This implies a symmetrical assumption that underestimates the impact of exchange rate changes on stock prices in Vietnam. This study points to an important implication for regulators in Vietnam. They should consider the relationship between exchange rate changes and stock prices in both the long run and the short run to manage the stock and foreign exchange market.
Foundations of User-Centric Cell-Free Massive MIMO

Imagine a coverage area where each mobile device is communicating with a preferred set of wireless access points (among many) that are selected based on its needs and cooperate to jointly serve it, instead of creating autonomous cells. This effectively leads to a user-centric post-cellular network architecture, which can resolve many of the interference issues and service-quality variations that appear in cellular networks. This concept is called User-centric Cell-free Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) and has its roots in the intersection between three technology components: Massive MIMO, coordinated multipoint processing, and ultra-dense networks. The main challenge is to achieve the benefits of cell-free operation in a practically feasible way, with computational complexity and fronthaul requirements that are scalable to enable massively large networks with many mobile devices. This monograph covers the foundations of User-centric Cell-free Massive MIMO, starting from the motivation and mathematical definition. It continues by describing the state-of-the-art signal processing algorithms for channel estimation, uplink data reception, and downlink data transmission with either centralized or distributed implementation. The achievable spectral efficiency is mathematically derived and evaluated numerically using a running example that exposes the impact of various system parameters and algorithmic choices. The fundamental tradeoffs between communication performance, computational complexity, and fronthaul signaling requirements are thoroughly analyzed. Finally, the basic algorithms for pilot assignment, dynamic cooperation cluster formation, and power optimization are provided, while open problems related to these and other resource allocation problems are reviewed. All the numerical examples can be reproduced using the accompanying Matlab code.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING DISTANCE LEARNING MEDIA IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT SDN 50 MANDAU

Covid-19 pandemic affected psychological conditions and changes in human behavior that covered broader aspects over a longer period of time. It also changed the education system in Indonesia. As a result, teachers and students became familiar with distance learning interactions. The purpose of this article was to see the effectiveness of long distance learning online systems during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic initiated distance learning which utilized various online learning platforms such as google classrooms, zoom cloud meetings, quisziiz, whatsAap group, and other platforms. Each platform had their own functions in supporting the implementation of online learning. Online learning was considered effective to be applied during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, a more varied model was required to keep it interesting to be used in the long term. Learning activities involved a communication process to convey educational messages from teachers to students. It was intended to make the message conveyed by the teacher to be well-received so that it affected the students' knowledge and behavior changes. This implied that the success of a learning activity was very dependent on the effectiveness of the communication process occurred in learning. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of google classroom as a media for distance learning at SDN 50 Mandau. This study concluded that the implementation of online learning activities was effective and ideal. The online learning run smoothly even though it was not yet ideal. The obstacles faced by students and teachers in online learning included: the availability of internet access, unstable networks, and som supporting devices such as cellphones and laptops.
Validação e aplicação de metodologia analítica na determinação de nutrientes inorgânicos em arroz polido

A method of partial digestion of raw milled rice (Oryza sativa) was validated for the determination of inorganic nutrients (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Based on hydrolysis with HCl, the method is simple and relatively fast, presenting satisfactory characteristics of performance. This method was used in the preparation of 40 raw milled rice samples commercialized in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Emission spectrometry was applied to determine the mean contents and standard deviations of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn (in mg.100 g -1 rice), which were 4.31 ± 0.44, 0.22 ± 0.10, 0.32 ± 0.08, 58.0 ± 15.0, 26.1 ± 5.7, 1.06 ± 0.26, 1.78 ± 0.55, 92.1 ± 15.2, and 1.24 ± 0.18, respectively. These results were compared with seven food composition tables available in the literature, which revealed discrepancies for Ca, Fe, Na, and K. Our data were also used to estimate the contribution of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P and Zn contained in daily rice consumption to the Recommended Daily Intake (RDI). It was found that rice contributes significantly to the RDI, especially of Mn, Cu, and Zn, particularly in view of the average daily consumption of rice per person in Brazil.
Mental health service use among people without mental health disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey

Abstract Purpose To examine the patterns and correlates of 12-month mental health service use among those who do not have a diagnosed mental health disorder during that period in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods The Saudi National Mental Health Survey used the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview to ascertain mental health conditions. To understand the reasons for help-seeking among respondents without a diagnosed mental health disorder (n = 1256), the patterns and the association of service use to sociodemographic and clinical factors were assessed. Results Those without a disorder diagnosed comprised 40% of service users accounting for over one-third (35.4%) of mental health service visits. The mean number of visits was higher in those with no indicator of need compared to other categories. General medical provider was the common source of treatment among those without a disorder. Respondents who were ever married were more likely to utilize mental health services, whereas those who reported lower income were less likely to receive treatment. Conclusion Although the majority of 12-month mental health services were provided to people with a diagnosed disorder or other indicators of need, the proportion of treatment utilized by those who did not is high and warrants further investigation.
Polymorphism in nylon 6/clay nanocomposites

X-ray diffraction methods and DSC thermal analysis have been used to investigate the structural change of nylon 6/clay nanocomposites. Nylon 6/clay has been prepared by the intercalation of e-caprolactam and then exfoliating the layered synthetic saponite by subsequent polymerization. Both X-ray diffraction data and DSC results indicate the presence of polymorphism in nylon 6 as well as in nylon 6/clay nanocomposites. This polymorphic behavior is dependent on the cooling rate of nylon 6/clay nanocomposites from the melt and on the content of synthetic saponite in nylon 6/clay nanocomposites. The quenching from the melt induces the crystallization into the γ crystalline form. The addition of synthetic saponite may increase the crystallization rate ot the α crystalline form at lower synthetic saponite content and promote the heterophase nucleation of γ crystalline form at hgher synthetic saponite contetn. The effect of thermal annealing on the crystalline structures of nylon 6/clay nanocomposites in the range between T g ant T m is also discussed.
Preliminary study on the effect of Ni addition on tin (Sn) whisker growth from lead-free solder coating

It has been widely confirmed that alloying significantly can mitigate the formation of tin (Sn) whiskers and consequently became a possible candidate as a lead-free alloys coating material in the microelectronics industry. In this study, the effect of 0.05 wt. % Ni addition on the formation and growth of Sn whisker in Sn-0.7Cu solder coatings have been investigated under continuous mechanically stress induced at room temperature. It is clearly found that Ni addition have significantly enhanced stress relaxation by reducing the growth rate of formation Sn whiskers in Sn-0.7Cu solder coatings. The morphology of (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 interfacial IMC was more refine and thinner with a fine scallop-shaped interfacial intermetallic layer purposely to lower the compressive stress of Sn coating and extend the nucleation period, thus mitigating the formation and growth of Sn whiskers.
Identification and Comparative Phylogeny of Sheep and Goat Pox Isolates from Jammu, India

Background: In view of the limited documentation of sheep and goat pox disease in animals of Jammu region, it was felt necessary to conduct a blanket screening of the small ruminant populations in areas where they are largely reared. Methods: The investigation was conducted to study the occurrence of capripox infection amongst small ruminants through clinical survey and confirmatory laboratory diagnosis. PCR amplification of a part of the P32 core protein gene successfully confirmed Capripoxvirus (CaPV) in clinical scab samples from both sheep and goats and from inoculated CAM. Positive amplified samples yielded a predicted 192 bp product. Result: Sequencing of the partial P32 gene of one isolate each from sheep (Sheeppoxvirus, SPPV) and goat origin (Goatpoxvirus, GTPV) revealed that each isolate were distinct and showed 97.8% identity with each other. The SPPV clustered with respective sheeppox cluster with 100% homology to with other SPPV strains reported within India and abroad and also to vaccine strains Srinagar and Rumanian-Fanar (RF). The GTPV was closely identical (~98-99%) with other strains from India and abroad with some unique residues of its own. Both the SPPV and GTPV were divergent from Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) strains. The sequence of SPPV strain being similar to circulating strains and prevalent vaccines in the country favours a common vaccination strategy. However, specific GTPV vaccine is not available in the country. The circulating CaPV isolates were found to be host specific. The possibility of vaccination failures or disease caused by vaccines itself, or cross transmission between hosts cannot be ruled out and in such instances it becomes difficult to distinguish with natural disease.
Is Knowledge of Circular Economy, Pro-Environmental Behavior, Satisfaction with Life, and Beliefs a Predictor of Connectedness to Nature in Rural Children and Adolescents? A Pilot Study

Sustainable development (SD) is crucial to maintaining and preserving the planet we live on. The new paradigm of circular economy (CE) corresponds to the sustainable development goals and includes environmental, economic, and social dimensions. The United Nations has set quality education and the search for good health and well-being in the long term as tools for achieving SD. This study aims to identify the predictors of connectedness to nature in children and adolescents using knowledge of CE, pro-environmental behavior, beliefs about caring for the environment, and satisfaction with life as possible predictive variables. The exploration of the influence of these predictors on connectedness to nature, taking sex and age as covariates, was performed using a binary logistic regression model. We found that low scores on pro-environmental behavior, satisfaction with life, knowledge of waste management and CE, and beliefs about environmental behavior were related to a low degree of connectedness to nature. Thus, our findings suggest that the educational system must promote not only the assimilation of knowledge and beliefs but also satisfaction with life given its relationship with connectedness to nature.