Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plant-Based Dairy Alternatives: Consumers’ Perceptions, Motivations, and Barriers—Results from a Qualitative Study in Poland, Germany, and France

Plant-based dairy substitutes have been gaining popularity in recent years, but consumer perspective on these products is still relatively unexplored. The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential of plant-based dairy alternatives, including consumers’ motives and the barriers to embracing this food category. A qualitative study (24 focus groups, 154 respondents) was conducted in three countries: Poland, Germany, and France. The study allowed us to describe the reasons for using dairy substitutes (curiosity, health reasons, influence of others), their perceived advantages, and the barriers to their use. The study also showed that the role of dairy differs between the surveyed countries and is related to culinary traditions. As a result, attitudes towards and motives for using dairy substitutes differ in the different countries.
Considerations when using rating scales to support teacher professional development: A commentary on Weadman, Serry and Snow (2022)

While observational rating scales such as the Emergent Literacy and Language Early Childhood Checklist for Teachers (ELLECCT) have potential to support Early Childhood Teachers in improving their practice, the existence of a valid and reliable tool is no guarantee of success. A carefully constructed model of teacher professional development will be required to ensure benefits for instructional practice and child language outcomes. This commentary considers the evidence available to guide intelligent design of such a model.
An emergency response model for the formation and dispersion of plumes originating from major fires (BUOYANT v4.20)

Abstract. A mathematical model called BUOYANT has previously been developed for the evaluation of the dispersion of positively buoyant plumes originating from major warehouse fires. The model addresses the variations of the cross-plume integrated properties (i.e., the average properties along a trajectory) of a rising plume in a vertically varying atmosphere and the atmospheric dispersion after the plume rise regime. We have described in this article an extension of the BUOYANT model to include a detailed treatment of the early evolution of the fire plumes before the plume rise and atmospheric dispersion regimes. The input and output of the new module consist of selected characteristics of forest or pool fires and the properties of a source term for the plume rise module, respectively. The main structure of this source term module is based on the differential equations for low-momentum releases of buoyant material, which govern the evolution of the plume radius, as well as velocity and density differences. The source term module is also partially based on various experimental results on fire plumes. We have evaluated the refined BUOYANT model by comparing the model predictions against the experimental field-scale data from the Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment, RxCADRE. The predicted concentrations of CO2 agreed fairly well with the aircraft measurements conducted in the RxCADRE campaign. We have also compiled an operational version of the model. The operational model can be used for emergency contingency planning and the training of emergency personnel in case of major forest and pool fires.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa’s Impact on Social Activities: An Observational Study

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) can severely impact patients’ quality of life. However, its specific impact on participation in everyday social activities is not well characterized. We recruited a cohort of patients with HS to complete a survey assessing the degree of interference HS has on participation in social activities. Patients also completed the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE) to assess levels of social anxiety. The majority of patients in our cohort, regardless of Hurley Stage, reported interference with social activities, and patients with more painful nodules and greater body region involvement reported greater interference with social activities. BFNE scores were high in our cohort, and patients with higher BFNE scores reported greater interference in all social activities assessed. Both the physical and psychological effects of HS may interfere with patients’ participation in social activities, and efforts to treat both aspects may improve quality of life.
Comment on “A Historical Review of Induced Earthquakes in Texas” by Cliff Frohlich, Heather DeShon, Brian Stump, Chris Hayward, Matt Hornbach, and Jacob I. Walter

Researchers (Frohlich et al. , 2016) from the University of Texas at Austin and Southern Methodist University recently developed a new question‐based system for categorizing Texas earthquakes as either natural or man‐made. Unfortunately, this new test is a significant step backward. Frohlich et al. (2016) appears to reject the science‐based, integrated subsurface engineering and geomechanics approach as advocated by more than 80 national and international subject matter experts. The test also runs counter to the approach recommended by the National Academies and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and it arbitrarily skews the conclusion away from natural causes. This article will explore these shortcomings and provide some recommendations for improvements. A question‐based system, where researchers answer conditional questions to determine if an earthquake may be man‐made, is a useful tool for exploring an inherently complicated subject. An earlier question‐based system developed by Davis and Frohlich (1993) focused on downhole pressure and fluid pathways: The premier U.S. scientific organization has also articulated the importance of subsurface factors. In its comprehensive 2013 report, the National Research Council of the National Academies concluded: Increase of pore pressure above ambient value due to injection of fluids and decrease in pore pressure below ambient value due to extraction of fluids have the potential to produce seismic events. For such activities to cause these events, a certain combination of conditions has to exist simultaneously …
Impairment of the Retinal Endothelial Cell Barrier Induced by Long-Term Treatment with VEGF-A165 No Longer Depends on the Growth Factor’s Presence

As responses of immortalized endothelial cells of the bovine retina (iBREC) to VEGF-A165 depend on exposure time to the growth factor, we investigated changes evident after long-term treatment for nine days. The cell index of iBREC cultivated on gold electrodes—determined as a measure of permeability—was persistently reduced by exposure to the growth factor. Late after addition of VEGF-A165 protein levels of claudin-1 and CD49e were significantly lower, those of CD29 significantly higher, and the plasmalemma vesicle associated protein was no longer detected. Nuclear levels of β-catenin were only elevated on day two. Extracellular levels of VEGF-A—measured by ELISA—were very low. Similar to the binding of the growth factor by brolucizumab, inhibition of VEGFR2 by tyrosine kinase inhibitors tivozanib or nintedanib led to complete, although transient, recovery of the low cell index when added early, though was inefficient when added three or six days later. Additional inhibition of other receptor tyrosine kinases by nintedanib was similarly unsuccessful, but additional blocking of c-kit by tivozanib led to sustained recovery of the low cell index, an effect observed only when the inhibitor was added early. From these data, we conclude that several days after the addition of VEGF-A165 to iBREC, barrier dysfunction is mainly sustained by increased paracellular flow and impaired adhesion. Even more important, these changes are most likely no longer VEGF-A-controlled.
Differences in gene expression between the primary and secondary inferior oblique overaction

Background This study sought to define different adaptive changes in the molecular levels of the overacting inferior oblique muscle in primary and secondary inferior oblique overaction. Methods The inferior oblique muscles of patients with congenital superior oblique palsy (SOP) and those of patients with congenital esotropia were collected during surgery. RNA-seq technology was performed to detect the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups. A comprehensive analysis of the gene expression profiles was then conducted, including the identification of DEGs, a Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, and a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Finally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) and Cytoscape software. Results We identified 221 DEGs, of which 104 were significantly upregulated and 117 were downregulated in the SOP group. Additionally, several isoforms of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) gene were found to be significantly and differentially expressed in the SOP group, including 3 upregulated fast-twitch MyHC isoforms (i.e., MYH1, MYH4, and MYH13) and 1 downregulated slow-twitch MyHC isoform (i.e., MYH3). The GO analysis indicated that the upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in the muscle system process and muscle contraction. The GSEA analysis revealed that the upregulated pathways of ribosome, proteasome, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, viral myocarditis, and cardiac muscle contraction were enriched. Conclusions Our findings provide insights into the different molecular changes of inferior oblique muscle overaction secondary to SOP and suggest the potential pathological mechanisms of inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) in SOP. The results suggest that upregulated fast-twitch MyHC isoforms and downregulated slow-twitch MyHC isoform in SOP may contribute to the increased force of its inferior oblique muscle.
Paths Towards High Efficiency Silicon Photovoltaics

While photovoltaics hold much promise as a sustainable electricity source, continued cost reduction is necessary to continue the current growth in deployment. A promising path to continuing to reduce total system cost is by increasing device efficiency. This thesis explores several silicon-based photovoltaic technologies with the potential to reach high power conversion efficiencies. Silicon microwire arrays, formed by joining millions of micron diameter wires together, were developed as a low cost, low efficiency solar technology. The feasibility of transitioning this to a high efficiency technology was explored. In order to achieve high efficiency, high quality silicon material must be used. Lifetimes and diffusion lengths in these wires were measured and the action of various surface passivation treatments studied. While long lifetimes were not achieved, strong inversion at the silicon / hydrofluoric acid interface was measured, which is important for understanding a common measurement used in solar materials characterization. Cryogenic deep reactive ion etching was then explored as a method for fabricating high quality wires and improved lifetimes were measured. As another way to reach high efficiency, growth of silicon-germanium alloy wires was explored as a substrate for a III-V on Si tandem device. Patterned arrays of wires with up to 12% germanium incorporation were grown. This alloy is more closely lattice matched to GaP than silicon and allows for improvements in III-V integration on silicon. Heterojunctions of silicon are another promising path towards achieving high efficiency devices. The GaP/Si heterointerface and properties of GaP grown on silicon were studied. Additionally, a substrate removal process was developed which allows the formation of high quality free standing GaP films and has wide applications in the field of optics. Finally, the effect of defects at the interface of the amorphous silicon heterojuction cell was studied. Excellent voltages, and thus efficiencies, are achievable with this system, but the voltage is very sensitive to growth conditions. We directly measured lateral transport lengths at the heterointerface on the order of tens to hundreds of microns, which allows carriers to travel towards any defects that are present and recombine. This measurement adds to the understanding of these types of high efficiency devices and may aid in future device design.
Gut Microbiota as a Potential Predictive Biomarker in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background: The influence of the microbiome on neurological diseases has been studied for years. Recent findings have shown a different composition of gut microbiota detected in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The role of this dysbiosis is still unknown. Objective: We analyzed the gut microbiota of 15 patients with active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), comparing with diet-matched healthy controls. Method: To determine the composition of the gut microbiota, we performed high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The specific amplified sequences were in the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Results: The gut microbiota of RRMS patients differed from healthy controls in the levels of the Lachnospiraceae, Ezakiella, Ruminococcaceae, Hungatella, Roseburia, Clostridium, Shuttleworthia, Poephyromonas, and Bilophila genera. All these genera were included in a logistic regression analysis to determine the sensitivity and the specificity of the test. Finally, the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) and AUC with a 95% CI were calculated and best-matched for Ezakiella (AUC of 75.0 and CI from 60.6 to 89.4) and Bilophila (AUC of 70.2 and CI from 50.1 to 90.4). Conclusions: There is a dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of RRMS patients. An analysis of the components of the microbiota suggests the role of some genera as a predictive factor of RRMS prognosis and diagnosis.
Environmental Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Bogotá, 2020

During the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, several environmental factors have influenced activities and protection policy measures in cities. This has had a major effect on climate change and global environmental catastrophe. In many countries, the strategy of closing various activities such as tourism and industrial production stopped normal life, transportation, etc. This closure has a positive impact on the environment. However, the massive use of masks and personal protection could significantly increase pollution worldwide. The impact on the environment needs to be calculated to have information for public health actions. In this study, we present a first overview of the potential impacts of COVID-19 on some environmental matrices in Bogotá, Colombia.
Security strategies for field area networks

With the interconnection of factory communication networks and the Internet the long-neglected security aspects of such systems gain increasing importance. This mainly has to be attributed to the awareness to security issues on the Internet that has grown in recent years. While many security practices found in the Internet environment are applicable to the field of factory communication new challenges arise most evidently seen in the often more stringent real-time requirements and the deployment of such systems in environments that are not under the control of the owner, as is the case in remote meter reading.
Seizure control and its associated factors among epileptic patients at Neurology Clinic, University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Background: Epilepsy is characterized by two or more unprovoked recurrent seizures, which often respond to available antiseizure medications. However, seizure control among epileptic patients in the developing world is low. Factors determining seizure control among epileptic patients were not evidently explored in the study setting. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the magnitude of uncontrolled seizures and associated factors among epileptic patients at the University of Gondar hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit study subjects. Controlled seizure was defined as seizure freedom for the past 1 year. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with seizure control. A p-value < 0.05 was used to declare a significant association. Results: A total of 320 study subjects were included in the study. The mean (±SD) age of patients was 27.5 ± 7.6 years. More than half (182/320, 57%) of epileptic patients had uncontrolled seizures. Five or more pretreatment seizure episodes (adjusted odds ratio = 3.98, 95% confidence interval: 1.81–8.75, p = 0.001), less than 2 years on anti-seizure medications (adjusted odds ratio = 8.64, 95% confidence interval: 3.27–22.85, p < 0.001), taking 2 or more ASMs (adjusted odds ratio = 2.48, 95% confidence interval: 1.23–5.02, p = 0.011), poor adherence to ASMs (adjusted odds ratio = 9.37, 95% confidence interval: 4.04–21.75, p < 0.001), and living at a single trip distance from hospital equaled 1 h or more (adjusted odds ratio = 4.20, 95% confidence interval: 2.11–8.41, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with uncontrolled seizures. Conclusion: The dose of a preferred anti-seizure medication should be optimized before combinations of anti-seizure medications are used. Adherence to anti-seizure medications should be reinforced for better seizure control. Epilepsy care should be integrated into primary health care services in the catchment region.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network-Based Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applied in Glioma Diagnosis and Tumor Region Identification

The aim of this study was to explore the application value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm in glioma diagnosis and tumor segmentation. 66 patients with gliomas who were diagnosed and treated in the hospital were selected as the research objects. The patients were rolled into the high-grade glioma group (HGG, 46 cases) and the low-grade glioma group (LGG, 20 cases) according to the World Health Organization glioma grading standard. All patients received a conventional plain scan and a DCE-MRI. Parameters such as volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep), extracellular volume (Ve), and mean plasma volume (Vp) were calculated, and the parameters of patients of each grade were analyzed. The efficacy of each parameter in diagnosing glioma was analyzed through a receiver operating characteristic curve. All images were segmented by the CNN algorithm. The CNN algorithm showed good performance in DCE-MRI image segmentation. The mean, standard deviation, kurtosis, and skewness of Ktrans and Ve, the standard deviation and skewness of Kep, and the mean and standard deviation of Vp were statistically considerable in differentiating HGG and LGG (P < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the standard deviation of Ktrans (0.885) had the highest diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing HGG and LGG. The values of Ktrans, Ve, and Vp were positively correlated with Ki-67 (r = 0.346, P = 0.014; r = 0.335, P = 0.017; r = 0.323, P = 0.022). In summary, the CNN-based DCE-MRI technology had high application value in glioma diagnosis and tumor segmentation.
Potential Benefits of Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Kidney Disease

Trace element deficiency is common among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD); the reason is that since these patients undergo dialysis, they lose these elements more than healthy people, and also the use of trace elements is restricted due to loss of appetite. Selenium (Se) is a trace element that is essential for the oxidative stress defense system. Se deficiency leads to some complications similar to those often seen in ESRD patients, such as all-cause mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, bone loss, uric acid elevation, and anemia. This article aims to review the evidence on consequences of Se deficiency in ESRD patients, as well as effects of Se supplementation in hemodialysis patients. Multiple databases were searched to summarize the available evidence on selenium's role in kidney diseases. Since the complications of ESRD and those of Se deficiency are mostly similar, this triggers the idea that Se deficiency may be considered as a cause of these problems, but it needs to be more assessed that Se deficiency is a single factor or there are other factors participated in. Also the role of Se supplementation on resolving the mentioned complications, needs to be more studied through well-designed clinical studies.
Comparative study of machine learning algorithms (SVM, Logistic Regression and KNN) to predict cardiovascular diseases

Artificial intelligence has had an impact on a variety of fields, including medicine and, most importantly, cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, early diagnosis of many disorders is a serious medical issue. In this article, we will compare various machine learning algorithms in order to select the optimal one for diagnosing people who might suffer from heart disease based on a variety of clinical data from patients. The effort in this article is focused on studying the dataset using data mining algorithms, and also explaining the used machine learning algorithms in predicting heart disease, in order to assist future researchers in getting the most out of these skills.
Can you provide a reference showing the effect of eutrophication on CO2 ?

We developed a simple method to reﬁne existing open ocean maps (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) and (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) extending (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) them (cid:58) towards different coastal seas. Using a multi linear regression we produced monthly maps of surface ocean f CO 2 in the northern European coastal seas (North Sea, Baltic Sea, Norwegian Coast and in the Barents Sea) covering a time period from 1998 to 2016. A comparison with gridded SOCAT v5 data revealed standard deviations of the residuals (cid:58)(cid:58) and (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) residuals (cid:58)(cid:58) of (cid:58) 0 ± 26 µ atm in the North Sea, 0 ± 16 µ atm along the Norwegian Coast, 0 ± 19 µ atm in the Barents Sea, and 2 ± 42 µ atm in the Baltic Sea. We used these maps as basis to 5 investigate trends in f CO 2 , pH and air-sea CO 2 ﬂux. The surface ocean f CO 2 trends are smaller than the atmospheric trend in most of the studied region. Only (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) regions. (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) Only (cid:58)(cid:58) in (cid:58) the western part of the North Sea is showing (cid:58)(cid:58) we (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) found an increase in f CO 2 close to 2 µ atm yr − 1 , which is similar to the atmospheric trend. The Baltic Sea does not show a signiﬁcant trend. Here, the variability was much larger than possibly observable (cid:58)(cid:58) the (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) expected trends. Consistently, the pH trends were smaller than expected for an increase of f CO 2 in pace with the rise of atmospheric CO 2 levels. The calculated air-sea CO 2 ﬂuxes revealed 10 that most regions were net sinks for CO 2 . Only the southern North Sea and the Baltic Sea emitted CO 2 to the atmosphere. Especially in the northern regions the sink strength increased during the studied period.