Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Materials Issues for Light-Water Small Modular Reactors

The primary objective of this report is to evaluate materials degradation issue unique to the operational environments of LWSMR. Concerns for specific primary system components and materials are identified based on the review of design information shared by mPower and NuScale. Direct comparisons are made to materials issues recognized for advanced large PWRs and research activities are recommended as needed. The issues identified are intended to improve the capability of industry to evaluate the significance of any degradation that might occur during long-term LWSMR operation and by extension affect the importance of future supporting R&D.
Effects of Moderate Alcohol Consumption in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have emerged as leading causes of chronic liver diseases worldwide. ALD and NAFLD share several pathophysiological patterns as well as histological features, while clinically, they are distinguished by the amount of alcohol consumed daily. However, NAFLD coexists with moderate alcohol consumption in a growing proportion of the population. Here, we investigated the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on liver injury, lipid metabolism, and gut microbiota in 30 NAFLD-patients. We anonymously assessed drinking habits, applying the AUDIT- and CAGE-questionnaires and compared subgroups of abstainers vs. low to harmful alcohol consumers (AUDIT) and Cage 0–1 vs. Cage 2–4. Patients who did not drink any alcohol had lower levels of γGT, ALT, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. While the abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Ruminococcaceae was higher in the low to harmful alcohol drinking cohort, the abundance of Rikenellaceae was higher in the abstainers. Our study suggests that even moderate alcohol consumption has an impact on the liver and lipid metabolism, as well as on the composition of gut microbiota.
Physiological response analysis for the diagnosis of drought and waterlogging damage in Prunus yedoensis

Abstract Drought damage and waterlogging damage are the most frequent abiotic injuries throughout the lifespan of trees. Nonetheless, because the signs of visible damage are similar between these types of injury, physiological indicators must be analyzed to make a scientific differential diagnosis. This study was aimed at investigating growth and physiological indicators of drought (DS) and waterlogging stress (WL) in Prunus yedoensis. Overall growth indices such as tree height, diameter at root collar (DRC), and total dry weight could be ranked in the decreasing order “control > DS > WL. ” In particular, there was a prominent decrease in root growth in WL, and DRC in DS was lower by 9.2% than DRC before the experiment. As for water saturation deficit (WSD) increased to 37.4% by 28 days after treatment initiation (DAT) in DS. WL showed a sharp decline of photosynthetic indicators such as the net photosynthesis rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), and maximum carboxylation rate (V cmax) starting from 7 DAT. By contrast, DS manifested a significant decrease starting from 14 DAT. The DS had higher levels of leaf and root inorganic components than WL did, suggesting an improvement in the osmoregulatory ability. The overall nutritional status of WL was low due to deterioration of the absorption function of the roots. In both DS and WL, energy transfer rates of photochemical reactions, e.g. absorbed photon leads to reduction further than QA - (ΦPO), absorbed photon leads to electron transport further than QA - (ΦEO), and absorbed photon leads to reduction of QA - (ΨO), decreased, as did vitality indices, e.g. the performance index on absorption basis (PIabs), driving force on absorption basis (DFabs), and the structure function index on absorption basis (SFIabs). However, WL featured a decrease in Electron transport flux from QA to QB (ETo/RC) and Electron transport flux until PSI acceptors (REo/RC), whereas DS experienced a slight increase or almost no change. Consequently, PIabs, DFabs, SFIabs, and the drought factor index are highly sensitive environmental-stress indicators, whereas WSD, DRC growth, chlorophyll a content, ETo/RC, and REo/RC appear to have high potential as diagnostic indicators of drought or waterlogging damage.
A Blind Partially Coherent Multi-H CPM Receiver for Aeronautical Telemetry

Multi-H Continuous Phase Modulation is a highly bandwidth efficient constant amplitude modulation scheme. Because of these qualities it was selected as the Advanced Range Telemetry (ARTM) tier II waveform. In the past, two demodulation techniques have widely been proposed, coherent detection and non-coherent detection. This paper presents a receiver design that implements a hybrid, partially coherent detection scheme that takes advantage of the positive aspects of both coherent and non-coherent detection. Because complete phase recovery is not required, the hybrid receiver performs better in environments with fast fading, strong phase noise, and multi path when compared to the traditional coherent receiver. The hybrid receiver can also acquire and reacquire signals much faster than conventional coherent receivers. The hybrid receiver design implements a partial carrier detection scheme that utilizes phase information that performs much better in AWGN environments than typical non-coherent receivers. Simulation results show that the hybrid receiver has low implementation loss compared to the optimal Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation (MLSE) receiver.
Single‐value scores of memory‐related brain activity reflect dissociable neuropsychological and anatomical signatures of neurocognitive aging

Memory-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activations show age-related differences across multiple brain regions that can be captured in summary statistics like single-value scores. Recently, we described two single-value scores reflecting deviations from prototypical whole-brain fMRI activity of young adults during novelty processing and successful encoding. Here, we investigate the brain-behavior associations of these scores with age-related neurocognitive changes in 153 healthy older adults. All scores were associated with episodic recall performance. The memory network scores, but not the novelty network scores, additionally correlated with medial temporal gray matter and a composite measure comprising pro-active inhibition, episodic memory, tonic alertness, flexibility, and working memory. Our results thus suggest that novelty-network-based fMRI scores show high brain-behavior associations with episodic memory and that encoding-network-based fMRI scores additionally capture individual differences in global cognitive function. More generally, our results suggest that single-value scores of memory-related fMRI provide a comprehensive measure of individual differences in network dysfunction that may contribute to age-related cognitive decline.
Nonlinear Stochastic Feedback Controllers for Vibratory Energy Harvesters With Power Flow Constraints

This study addresses the formulation of feedback controllers for stochastically-excited vibratory energy harvesters. Maximizing power generation from stochastic disturbances can be accomplished using LQG control theory, with the transducer current treated as the control input. For the case where the power flow direction is unconstrained, an electronic drive capable of extracting as well as delivering power to the transducer is required to implement the optimal controller. It is demonstrated that for stochastic disturbances characterized by second-order, bandpass-filtered white noise, energy harvesters can be passively tuned such that optimal stationary power generation only requires half of the system states for feedback in the active circuit. However, there are many applications where the implementation of a bi-directional power electronic drive is infeasible, due to the higher parasitic losses they must sustain. If the electronics are designed to be capable of only single-directional power flow (i.e., where the electronics are incapable of power injection), then these parasitics can be reduced significantly, which makes single-directional converters more appropriate at smaller power scales. The constraint on the directionality of power flow imposes a constraint on the feedback laws that can be implemented with such converters. In this paper, we present a sub-optimal nonlinear control design technique for this class of problems, which exhibits an analytically computable upper bound on average power generation.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Unlocking the potential of livestock technologies in Ethiopia: Shifting from individual pieces to optimizing the sum of the parts

The reasons why farmers are unable to harness the benefits embedded in technologies and take advantage of business opportunities in livestock sector in developing countries remain unresolved. Drawing on insights from innovation systems approaches, this paper assesses innovation constraints, identifies the bottlenecks and missing links in dairy sector and suggests some instruments needed to address the constraints. We find that missing actors, limited capacity of existing actors, inadequate interactions between actors and poor coordination of activities along dairy value chain have been the major reasons for low technology adoption and underdevelopment of dairy subsector in developing countries. Future research should pay attention to designing, prototyping and experimenting with alternative institutional arrangements that can effectively coordinate inputs, services, processes and outputs in livestock value chains. Media grab: There is increasing demand for milk and milk products in Ethiopia due to increasing urbanization and rising income. However, milk production in the country has not been able to keep pace with growing demand. Although there is sufficient scientific knowledge about the dairy production technologies in Ethiopia, the number of smallholder farmers using these technologies is very low. New organizational arrangements that coordinate activities along the dairy value chain are needed in order to reap the benefits from technologies.
5-year operation experience with the 1.8 K refrigeration units of the LHC cryogenic system

Since 2009, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is in operation at CERN. The LHC superconducting magnets distributed over eight sectors of 3.3-km long are cooled at 1.9 K in pressurized superfluid helium. The nominal operating temperature of 1.9 K is produced by eight 1.8-K refrigeration units based on centrifugal cold compressors (3 or 4 stages depending to the vendor) combined with warm volumetric screw compressors with sub-atmospheric suction. After about 5 years of continuous operation, we will present the results concerning the availability for the final user of these refrigeration units and the impact of the design choice on the recovery time after a system trip. We will also present the individual results for each rotating machinery in terms of failure origin and of Mean Time between Failure (MTBF), as well as the consolidations and upgrades applied to these refrigeration units.
Blocking Gi/o-Coupled Signaling Eradicates Cancer Stem Cells and Sensitizes Breast Tumors to HER2-Targeted Therapies to Inhibit Tumor Relapse

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within tumors that are resistant to anti-tumor therapies, making them a likely origin of tumor relapse after treatment. In many cancers including breast cancer, CSC function is regulated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), making GPCR signaling an attractive target for new therapies designed to eradicate CSCs. Yet, CSCs overexpress multiple GPCRs that are redundant in maintaining CSC function, so it is unclear how to target all the various GPCRs to prevent relapse. Here, in a model of HER2+ breast cancer (i.e., transgenic MMTV-Neu mice), we were able to block tumorsphere- and tumor-forming capability of CSCs by targeting GPCRs coupled to Gi/o proteins (Gi/o-GPCRs). Similarly, in HER2+ breast cancer cells, blocking signaling downstream of Gi/o-GPCRs in the PI3K/AKT and Src pathways also enhanced HER2-targeted elimination of CSCs. In a proof-of-concept study, when CSCs were selectively ablated (via a suicide gene construct), loss of CSCs from HER2+ breast cancer cell populations mimicked the effect of targeting Gi/o-GPCR signaling, suppressing their capacity for tumor initiation and progression and enhancing HER2-targeted therapy. Thus, targeting Gi/o-GPCR signaling in HER2+ breast cancer is a promising approach for eradicating CSCs, enhancing HER2+ targeted therapy and blocking tumor reemergence.
S-wave modeling of the Showa-Shinzan lava dome in Usu Volcano, Northern Japan, from seismic observations

To obtain an internal S-wave velocity structure, we conducted a passive seismic campaign with 21 1-Hz seismometers on and around the Showa-Shinzan lava dome, which emerged during the 1943–1945 eruption of Usu Volcano, Japan. Before the campaign, we calibrated seismometers and found slight phase-response differences between seismometers of less than 1–2 degrees. After the campaign, we extracted seismic wavefield by taking cross-correlations of vertical-component ambient noise records between seismic sites. We developed a new method to measure phase-velocities of the Rayleigh wave automatically by assuming layered structure and finally obtained one-dimensional S-wave velocity models in summit, roof and base regions. The obtained S-wave velocity right beneath the intruded lava dome is higher than that in surrounding areas by a few tens of percent down to a few hundred meters below sea level, indicating narrow but deep existence of the root of the lava dome. The obtained S-wave velocity at depths shallower than ~50 m inside the lava dome in the summit area was ~1 km/s, significantly lower than that predicted from the density of ~2.3 x 10^3 kg/m estimated in previous muon-radiography studies and a conventional scaling, indicating the effect of cracking in the lava dome.
The Relationship Between Children’s Social-Emotional Competence, Spiritual Health, and Maternal Meta- Emotion Structure Attachment Style

Background and Objectives: Understanding the influences of parents on children in the process of psychosocial and personality development of children and adolescents has been the focus of psychologists and sociologists. This study aimed to predict the emotional and social competence of the child based on spiritual health and maternal emotional structure according to the mediating role of children’s attachment style. Methods: The statistical population of this correlational descriptive was female primary school students and their mothers in Tehran City, Iran. Of them, 250 individuals were selected by purposive and voluntary sampling method using Klein’s method. The research instruments included Zhu and Ji’s (2012) Emotional and Social Competency Inventory, Polutzin and Ellison’s Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), and Kern’s Attachment Style Classification QuestionnaireAttachment style. The collected data were analyzed using AMOS. Results: The obtained results suggested that the structure of maternal metacognition was directly related to children’s attachment style (-0.33); maternal spiritual health and children’s attachment style (0.37); the structure of maternal metacognition and the emotional-social competence of the child (-0.26); mothers’ spiritual health and child’s emotional and social competence (0.18), and the child’s attachment style and the child’s emotional and social competence (0.49). The structure of maternal emotional well-being and the emotional-social competence of the child (-0.16) as well as the spiritual health of the mother and the emotional-social competence of the child (0.18) were indirectly related. Conclusion: Considering the importance of the child’s emotional and social competence, the emphasis on the influential factors of the present study can be promoted in developing this skill among children. Maternal spiritual health and emotional structure were related to the child’s emotional and social competence through the attachment style of the child; the strongest relationship concerned the relationship between attachment style and emotional and social competence
Predictive ability of severity scores and outcomes for mortality in kidney transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019 admitted to the intensive care unit: results from a Brazilian single-center cohort study

Abstract Background: the predictive ability of severity scores for mortality in patients admitted to intensive care units is not well-known among kidney transplanted (KT) patients, especially those diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the predictive ability of severity scores for mortality in KT recipients. Methods: 51 KT recipients with COVID-19 diagnosis were enrolled. The performance of the SOFA, SAPS 3, and APACHE IV tools in predicting mortality after COVID-19 was compared by the area under the ROC curve (AUC-ROC) and univariate Cox regression analysis was performed. Results: The 90-day cumulative incidence of death was 63.4%. Only APACHE IV score differed between survivors and nonsurvivors: 91.2±18.3 vs. 106.5±26.3, P = 0.03. The AUC- ROC of APACHE IV for predicting death was 0.706 (P = 0.04) and 0.656 (P = 0.06) at 7 and 90 days, respectively. Receiving a kidney from a deceased donor (HR = 3.16; P = 0.03), troponin levels at admission (HR for each ng/mL = 1.001; P = 0.03), APACHE IV score (HR for each 1 point = 1.02; P = 0.01), mechanical ventilation (MV) requirement (HR = 3.04; P = 0.002) and vasopressor use on the first day after ICU admission (HR = 3.85; P < 0.001) were associated with the 90-day mortality in the univariate analysis. Conclusion: KT recipients had high mortality, which was associated with type of donor, troponin levels, early use of vasopressors, and MV requirement. The other traditional severity scores investigated could not predict mortality.
Influence mechanism of R&D subsidy, non-R&D subsidy and their combination on enterprise innovation

ABSTRACT This paper tries to disentangle between the influence of R&D subsidy and non-R&D subsidy, and explores the mechanism of different subsidies and their combination on R&D input and output of listed companies in China. It is found that both R&D subsidy and non-R&D subsidy can effectively motivate listed companies to increase R&D investment, and moderate non-R&D subsidy in subsidy combination can strengthen the ‘incentive effect’ of R&D subsidy on enterprise innovation. R&D subsidies can improve the innovation output of listed companies through direct and indirect ‘double paths’, but non-R&D subsidies have a certain ‘masking effect’ on the innovation output. Relevant government should control the non-R&D subsidy at the ‘medium and low level’ as far as possible to realise the ‘strengthening effect’ of moderate non-R&D subsidy on R&D subsidy in promoting enterprise innovation. The control of subsidy classification should be strengthened to avoid the adverse effects caused by non-R&D subsidies being ‘diverted for other purposes’.
Sizing Performance and Molecular Orientation of Dispersed Cationic Rosin-ester

The role of alum in dispersed cationic rosin-ester sizing was investigated in terms of rosin-ester molecular orientation by using X-ray diffraction, contact angle and conventional sizing measurement. The results showed that alum hindered both hydrophilic and hydrophobic re-orientation of rosin-ester molecules by increasing intermolecular attractions. The hydrophobic effect of dispersed rosin-ester size might be developed via preventing its molecules from hydrophilic orientation induced by water during the drying process. Benzene induced the hydrophobic re-orientation of rosin-ester. The hydrophobic re-orientation of rosin-ester molecules enhanced sizing, whereas the hydrophilic re-orientation lowered sizing. The increased rosin intermolecular attraction induced by alum may hinder both types of re-orientation.
The impact of security, individuality, reputation, and consumer attitudes on purchase intention of online shopping: The evidence in Vietnam

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the relationship between security, individuality, reputation on cognitive trust, perceived risk, consumer attitudes, and purchase intention of online shopping. This study extended the model of customers “online shopping intention, including from the positive impact of customer trust and the negative impact on customers” perceived risk on online sales businesses. The research method used to evaluate and test the scale and theoretical model in the study is quantitative research with sample size n = 358 through the survey to deliver questionnaires directly to subjects in Vietnam. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analyses. The results showed that security, and reputation positively affect cognitive trust, whereas it negatively affects perceived risk. Additionally, privacy has a negatively influence cognitive trust and perceived risk. Besides, cognitive trust had a positive influence on attitudes towards online shopping, but perceived risks negatively affect attitudes towards online shopping. In addition, the attitude towards online shopping positively affected customers’ intention to purchase online. Finally, attitude as a mediator, we confirm that there exists an indirect relationship between cognitive trust, perceived risk and purchase intention, which make a considerable contribution to a better insight into consumer behavior on online shopping in Vietnam. This study gave enterprises owners’ recommendations which is understanding the nature of online transactions which are customers and enterprises interact and transact mainly through websites and interfaces, which needs to build trust and peace of mind for customers is definitely consider seriously. The results may be generalized to a limited extent.
We, the disturbing animal: effects of anthropogenic noise in a Brazilian zoo

The negative effects of loud anthropic sounds on non-human health and welfare urges attention. We report here the results of a technical study we conducted attending a Public Prosecutor’s request at Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. A Civil Inquiry informed against nocive effects of human concentration on captive and free-living animals around the municipal zoo. The zoo is part of a natural protected area that paradoxically was used as a locale for public festivities. We aimed to compare two weekends, one of a traditional Italian event (EV) and another with no event (NE), and check sound level and behavioral changes in a sample of captive animals and in the soundscape. We employed three procedures: (1) Sound Pressure level (SPL) assessment at different localities; (2) Comparative behavior analysis; and (3) Soundscape description. Our results provided cues of how the festivities may be affecting free-living animals in the APA Morro do São Bento and captive ones. Peak SPL exposure was higher in EV in almost all the localities of the zoo; the six monitored individuals (two ocelots, two crassow, the European cervid and the maned-wolf) changed their activity and resting patterns and the soundscape was more diverse and intense in vocal activity than in NE.