Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic and Electronic Properties of π-d Interacting Molecular Magnetic Superconductor κ-(BETS)2FeX4 (X = Cl, Br) Studied by Angle-Resolved Heat Capacity Measurements

Thermodynamic picture induced by π-d interaction in a molecular magnetic superconductor κ-(BETS)2FeX4 (X = Cl, Br), where BETS is bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene, studied by single crystal calorimetry is reviewed. Although the S = 5/2 spins of Fe3+ in the anion layers form a three-dimensional long-range ordering with nearly full entropy of Rln6, a broad hump structure appears in the temperature dependence of the magnetic heat capacity only when the magnetic field is applied parallel to the a axis, which is considered as the magnetic easy axis. The scaling of the temperature dependence of the magnetic heat capacity of the two salts is possible using the parameter of |Jdd|/kB and therefore the origin of the hump structure is related to the direct magnetic interaction, Jdd, that is dominant in the system. Quite unusual crossover from a three-dimensional ordering to a one-dimensional magnet occurs when magnetic fields are applied parallel to the a axis. A notable anisotropic field-direction dependence against the in-plane magnetic field was also observed in the transition temperature of the bulk superconductivity by the angle-resolved heat capacity measurements. We discuss the origin of this in-plane anisotropy in terms of the 3d electron spin configuration change induced by magnetic fields.
Reinforced Experience Generator based on Query Nature and Data Bulking

The technology advancement has given a more enlightened perspective on developing recent solutions. The advancement of imitating the human brain has achieved some milestones that are providing promising results. However, the technicalities and reliance between different computing entities still remains a concern. This research provides a module based framework that can create a brain or experience imitation for itself using the reinforcement learning agents. The research has established a framework design that can connect and validate user requirements and map it according to functionality with reasonable data retrieval and performance measures are observed. Data is a concern for modern technologies, so is the customer requirements. This research combines the two widest entities of research and brings about a design framework that allows the agent to communicate using knowledge from data and instruction or queries in the forms of user requests or business requirements. The experience generator than enhances the next performance and lessens the cost, expense and improves the overall performance of two widely separated modules with reinforcement learning and experience or knowledge base. Keywords—Big data; Online Analytical Processing (OLAP); Online Transactional Processing (OLTP); contextual query; scientific data management
Public health implications of opening National Football League stadiums during the COVID-19 pandemic

Significance Using data from 2020, we measure the public health impact of allowing fans into sports stadiums during the COVID-19 pandemic; these results may inform future policy decisions regarding large outdoor gatherings during public health crises. Second, we demonstrate the utility of robust synthetic control in this context. Synthetic control and other statistical approaches may be used to exploit the underlying low-dimensional structure of the COVID-19 data and serve as useful instruments in analyzing the impact of mitigation strategies adopted by different communities. As with all statistical methods, reliable outcomes depend on proper implementation strategies and well-established robustness tests; in the absence of these safeguards, these statistical methods are likely to produce specious or misleading conclusions.
Critical roles of the activation of ethylene pathway genes mediated by DNA demethylation in Arabidopsis hyperhydricity

Hyperhydricity (HH) often occurs in plant tissue culture, seriously influencing the commercial micropropagation and genetic improvement. DNA methylation has been studied for its function in plant development and stress responses. However, its potential role in HH is unknown. In this study, we report the first comparative DNA methylome analysis of normal and hyperhydric Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. seedlings using whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing (BS‐seq). We found that the global methylation level decreased in hyperhydric seedlings, and most of the differentially methylated genes were CHH hypomethylated genes. Moreover, the bisulfite sequencing results showed that hyperhydric seedlings displayed CHH demethylation patterns in the promoter of the ACS1 and ETR1 genes, resulting in upregulated expression of both genes and increased ethylene accumulation. Furthermore, hyperhydric seedling displayed reduced stomatal aperture accompanied by decreased water loss and increased phosphorylation of aquaporins accompanied by increased water uptake. While silver nitrate (AgNO3) prevented HH by maintained the degree of methylation in the promoter regions of ACS1 and ETR1 and downregulated the transcription of both genes. AgNO3 also reduced the content of ethylene together with the phosphorylation of aquaporins and water uptake. Taken together, this study suggested that DNA demethylation is a key switch that activates ethylene pathway genes to enable ethylene synthesis and signal transduction, which may subsequently influence aquaporin phosphorylation and stomatal aperture, eventually causing HH; thus, DNA demethylation plays a crucial role in HH. These results provide insights into the epigenetic regulation mechanism of HH and confirm the role of ethylene and AgNO3 in hyperhydricity control.
Adversarial Knowledge Distillation Based Biomedical Factoid Question Answering

Biomedical factoid question answering is an essential application for biomedical information sharing. Recently, neural network based approaches have shown remarkable performance for this task. However, due to the scarcity of annotated data which requires intensive knowledge of expertise, training a robust model on limited-scale biomedical datasets remains a challenge. Previous works solve this problem by introducing useful knowledge. It is found that the interaction between question and answer (QA-interaction) is also a kind of knowledge which could help extract answer accurately. This research develops a knowledge distillation framework for biomedical factoid question answering, in which a teacher model as the knowledge source of QA-interaction is designed to enhance the student model. In addition, to further alleviate the problem of limited-scale dataset, a novel adversarial knowledge distillation technique is proposed to robustly distill the knowledge from teacher model to student model by constructing perturbed examples as additional training data. By forcing the student model to mimic the predicted distributions of teacher model on both original examples and perturbed examples, the knowledge of QA-interaction can be learned by student model. We evaluate the proposed framework on the widely used BioASQ datasets, and experimental results have shown the proposed method’s promising potential.
Sexual and Affectionate Behaviors in Asexual and Allosexual Adults

ABSTRACT Prior experience with physical behaviors – both sexual and affectionate – is common among adults in romantic relationships. However, less is known about differences in physical behaviors for asexual and allosexual adults, and these differences may explain how asexual adults navigate sexuality in romantic relationships. In this study we used sexual script theory to examine asexual (n = 109; 59% women; Mage = 27.7) and allosexual adults’ (n = 403; 58% women; Mage = 29.0) prior experiences with and future likelihood to engage in sexual and affectionate behaviors in romantic relationships, and how these differences vary by gender. Asexual adults had less prior experience with and were less likely to intend to engage in future physical behaviors than allosexual adults. There were some gender differences in past experience and future likelihood. Prior experience with physical behaviors was associated with expected likelihood to engage in these behaviors for allosexual and asexual adults, although the association was stronger for asexual adults. These results have implications for how asexual adults engage in physical behaviors, and how differing interest in physical behaviors may cause conflict within asexual-allosexual couples.
Late Complications of COVID-19: A Morphologic, Imaging, and Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction Study of Lung Tissue.

CONTEXT Studies of lungs in patients with COVID-19 have focused on early findings. OBJECTIVE To systematically study histopathologic, imaging features and presence of SARSCoV-2 RNA in lung tissue from patients in later stages of COVID-19. DESIGN Autopsies, explants, surgical lung biopsies; and transbronchial, cryo, and needle biopsies were studied from patients with COVID-19, whose onset of symptoms/confirmed diagnosis was more than 28 days before the procedure. Available images were reviewed. Reverse transcription droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-ddPCR) for SARS-CoV-2 RNA was performed on lung tissue. RESULTS Forty-four specimens (43 patients, median age 59.3 years, 26 [60.5%] male) showed features of acute lung injury (ALI) in 39 (88.6%), predominantly organizing pneumonia (OP) and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), up to 298 days after onset of COVID-19. Fibrotic changes were found in 33 specimens (75%), most commonly fibrotic DAD (N=22) and cicatricial OP (N=12). Time between acquiring COVID-19 and specimen was shorter in patients with diffuse ALI (median 61.5 days) compared to patients with focal (140 days) or no ALI (130 days) (P=.009). Sixteen (of 20, 80%) SARS-CoV-2 RT-ddPCR tests were positive, up to 174 days after COVID-19 onset. Time between COVID-19 onset and most recent CT in patients with consolidation on imaging was shorter (median 43.0 days) versus patients without consolidation (87.5 days; P=.02). Reticulations were associated with longer time after COVID-19 onset to CT (median 82 days vs 23.5 days, P=.006). CONCLUSIONS ALI and SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in patients with COVID-19 for many months. ALI may evolve into fibrotic interstitial lung disease.
Using Skeletal Maturity in Pediatric Orthopaedics: A Primer

This article provides researchers with the background and guidance necessary to practically incorporate skeletal maturity estimation into any study of adolescents with imaging of the shoulder, elbow, hand, hip, knee, or foot. It also provides clinicians with a comprehensive, concise synopsis of systems that can be used to estimate skeletal maturity in clinical practice. In the article, we provide a relatively brief overview of each currently available skeletal maturity system that has been validated on a longitudinal dataset. The supplementary files include 2 PowerPoint files for each skeletal maturity system. The first PowerPoint file offers examples and instructions for using each radiographic system. The second PowerPoint file includes 20 graded radiographs that can be used for reliability analyses in the research setting. We have also developed a free mobile application available on the iOS and Android platforms named “What’s the Skeletal Maturity? ” that allows clinicians to rapidly estimate skeletal maturity on any patient using any commonly obtained orthopaedic radiograph.
Running out of time? Understanding the consequences of the biological clock for the dynamics of fertility intentions and union formation

Background: A considerable proportion of childless women in their late thirties or early forties would still like to have children. The number of men and women whose fertility intentions are potentially influenced by the so-called biological clock for childbearing and who remain involuntarily childless is increasing. Objective: We analyze the short-term dynamics of fertility intentions and partner search among childless, non-partnered men and women aged 35–37. By comparing people in this age group to younger men and women, we investigate whether and how their awareness of the biological clock for childbearing affects their childbearing intentions. Methods: The data stems from the first two waves of the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam) survey. We selected male and female respondents aged 25–27 (n = 1,073) and 35–37 (n = 369) in Wave 1. Results: Our analyses reveal that fertility intentions are more polarized among men and women aged 35–37 than among their 25–27-year-old counterparts, and are more polarized among women than among men. Finding a partner is shown to positively affect fertility intentions. Our results suggest that people who intensify their fertility intentions are not necessarily successful in finding a partner, which can be seen as a major prerequisite for family formation. Contribution: This is one of the first studies to investigate the fertility intentions of childless men and women whose biological clock is running out. It provides an instructive example for a longitudinal study of the dynamics of life-course-related intentions.
Frequency and concentration dependence of the ultrasonic backscatter coefficient in a soft tissue mimicking material

In medical ultrasound, the backscatter coefficient is used to quantify the scattering properties of biological tissues. It is defined as the differential scattering cross section per unit volume for a scattering angle of 180°. In this study, measurements of the backscatter coefficient are made on Tissues Mimicking Materials (TMM). These are materials the acoustic properties of which (velocity propagation, attenuation, scattering) are close to those of biological tissues. Measurements of this coefficient have been achieved on a mixture of gelatin and distilled water containing graphite particles of mean radius 18 µm, which were randomly distributed. TMM samples with graphite concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 g per liter of gelatin have been investigated. The backscatter coefficient was evaluated using both Sigelman and Reid [JASA 53, 1351 (1973)] and Chen [IEEE Trans. UFFC 44, 515 (1997)] methods in a frequency range around 5 MHz. The evolution of this coefficient as a function of frequency for different scatterers concentration will be presented. Comparison of experimental values with those predicted by the Faran theory [JASA 23, 405 (1951)] permits the estimation of the number density of graphite particles in the TMM.
PET/CT imaging of spinal inflammation and microcalcification in patients with low back pain: A pilot study on the quantification by artificial intelligence‐based segmentation

Current imaging modalities are often incapable of identifying nociceptive sources of low back pain (LBP). We aimed to characterize these by means of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) of the lumbar spine region applying tracers 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 18F‐sodium fluoride (NaF) targeting inflammation and active microcalcification, respectively.
Automating Clustering Analysis of Ivory Coast Mobile Phone Data Deriving Decision Support Models for Community Detection and Sensemaking

Sensemaking involves numerous levels of processing and logic in order to achieve automated decision support. Many of these concepts derive from the realm of pattern recognition. The data under consideration frequently is observed in a noisy environment and so one of the first steps involves preprocessing the data to suppress noise and isolate the data signal. Patterns within the data are often used to improve signal detection and aid identification of the data in the quest to produce actionable information. A critical step of making sense from raw or partially processed data and other aspects of decision support is to organize information, which frequently involves grouping, partitioning, or clustering objects. However, there is typically an assumption that structure exists within the data, and the number of clusters is a required parameter for many of the clustering algorithms. A common approach to determine the best number of clusters is to iterate across a set of potential values the for number of clusters and evaluate the quality of the resulting clusters using some metric. In this paper, we present an automated approach to detect structure and improve automation of clustering algorithm parameters. We apply our approach to analyze a complex, dynamic multiple edge set network that was used to model call data from the Ivory Coast compiled from France Telecom/Orange anonymized call records over a 5 month period.
Density functional theory study explaining the underperformance of copper oxides as photovoltaic absorbers

Most photovoltaic absorbers are identiﬁed using the standard Shockley-Queisser selection principle which relies on optimal band-gap values. However, this criterion has been shown to be insufﬁcient, as many materials with appropriate values still perform badly. Here, we have employed calculations based on the density functional theory to assess three copper oxides as potential photovoltaic materials: Cu 2 O, Cu 4 O 3 , and CuO. Despite their promising theoretical solar power conversion efﬁciency of over 20%, experimental values are found to be far lower. Theoretical evaluation of the electronic and optical properties reveals that certain transitions within the band structures are dipole forbidden, whereas the fundamental band gaps of Cu 4 O 3 and CuO are of indirect nature. These ﬁndings correlate to the weak and shifted absorption properties found experimentally, which underpin the inefﬁcient light capture by copper oxides. Based on these results and an applied extended selection metric, we can explain why copper oxides are unable to reach the efﬁciencies previously proposed theoretically and why we need to revise their maximum conversion values.
Discourse coherence and its relation with cognition in Alzheimer's disease

This study investigates discourse coherence and its relation with cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Participants consisted, in two groups of individuals, 18 with AD in the moderate and moderate severe stages of cognitive decline, and 16 older adults without dementia matched by age, sex and education. Discourse tasks differed according to the presence of non-informative and informa- tive prompts. Verbal comprehension, semantic memory, episodic memory and working memory were tested. Findings showed that global coherence was affected in AD participants. Correlations between discourse and cognitive variables were observed. The strongest correlations found related global coherence to episodic and semantic memory in the informative prompt task. Results are discussed according to clinical and theoretical implications for the understanding of discourse production in AD.
New approach in programming sequentially implanted children: Towards balanced dynamic ranges (DR)

There is a tendency for children undergoing sequential cochlear implant after a long period of unilateral implant use to have a smaller dynamic range in their second implant compared to their first implant. This study aimed to investigate if balancing the dynamic ranges between the two implants influenced functional outcomes in sequentially implanted children. Nineteen participants with long inter-implant time delays were randomly assigned to a study group or a control group. Children in the study group received progressive minimal changes to both first and second implants over a period of nine months to achieve balanced dynamic ranges, while the children in the control group received only changes to their sequential implant. Functional outcomes were collected 24-months after sequential implantation and consisted of speech discrimination scores, spatial localisation, device use and quality of life measures. Results show that spatial discrimination skills improved over time for both groups of children; however children in the study group had smaller localisation errors compared with the children in the control group. No other differences between the two groups were observed. Balanced dynamic ranges in sequentially implanted children can contribute to better performance, particularly in spatial discrimination tasks that rely in inter-aural level differences.
Complete Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Siphophage Sonora

Phage Sonora is a siphophage that was isolated against the opportunistic human pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The genome of phage Sonora is 63,825 bp long and is not related to that of any phage at the nucleotide level. Sonora shares 46 of 97 total proteins with the Bordetella phages CN2, MW2, and FP1. ABSTRACT Phage Sonora is a siphophage that was isolated against the opportunistic human pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The genome of phage Sonora is 63,825 bp long and is not related to that of any phage at the nucleotide level. Sonora shares 46 of 97 total proteins with the Bordetella phages CN2, MW2, and FP1.
A Virtual Reality Game Suite for Graded Rehabilitation in Patients With Low Back Pain and a High Fear of Movement: Within-Subject Comparative Study

Background Complex movement pathologies that are biopsychosocial in nature (eg, back pain) require a multidimensional approach for effective treatment. Virtual reality is a promising tool for rehabilitation, where therapeutic interventions can be gamified to promote and train specific movement behaviors while increasing enjoyment, engagement, and retention. We have previously created virtual reality–based tools to assess and promote lumbar excursion during reaching and functional gameplay tasks by manipulating the position of static and dynamic contact targets. Based on the framework of graded exposure rehabilitation, we have created a new virtual reality therapy aimed to alter movement speed while retaining the movement-promoting features of our other developments. Objective This study aims to compare lumbar flexion excursion and velocity across our previous and newly developed virtual reality tools in a healthy control cohort. Methods A total of 31 healthy participants (16 males, 15 females) took part in 3 gamified virtual reality therapies (ie, Reachality, Fishality, and Dodgeality), while whole-body 3D kinematics were collected at 100 Hz using a 14-camera motion capture system. Lumbar excursion, lumbar flexion velocity, and actual target impact location in the anterior and vertical direction were compared across each virtual reality task and between the 4 anthropometrically defined intended target impact locations using separate 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance models. Results There was an interaction between game and impact height for each outcome (all P<.001). Post-hoc simple effects models revealed that lumbar excursion was reduced during Reachality and Fishality relative to that during Dodgeality for the 2 higher impact heights but was greater during Reachality than during Fishality and Dodgeality for the lowest impact height. Peak lumbar flexion velocity was greater during Dodgeality than during Fishality and Reachality across heights. Actual target impact locations during Dodgeality and Fishality were lower relative to those during Reachality at higher intended impact locations but higher at lower intended impact locations. Finally, actual target impact location was further in the anterior direction for Reachality compared to that for Fishality and for Fishality relative to that for Dodgeality. Conclusions Lumbar flexion velocity was reduced during Fishality relative to that during Dodgeality and resembled velocity demands more similar to those for a self-paced reaching task (ie, Reachality). Additionally, lumbar motion and target impact location during Fishality were more similar to those during Reachality than to those during Dodgeality, which suggests that this new virtual reality game is an effective tool for shaping movement. These findings are encouraging for future research aimed at developing an individualized and graded virtual reality intervention for patients with low back pain and a high fear of movement.