Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement of muon neutrino nnteractions in carbon and water with the T2K near detector ND280

Cette these consiste en une mesure de section efficace de neutrinos avec des noyaux atomiques de carbone et d'oxygene effectuee a l'aide du detecteur proche ND280 de l'experience T2K. Cette experience de physique des particules, basee au Japon, comprend un faisceau de neutrinos ou d'anti-neutrinos muoniques qui est produit a J-PARC et envoye en direction du detecteur lointain Super-Kamiokande. Ce dernier permet d'etudier l’oscillation des neutrinos. Le detecteur proche ND280 est situe a proximite de la source de neutrinos et permet d'obtenir des mesures du flux de neutrinos avant qu'ils n'oscillent et de determiner differentes sections efficaces. La section efficace de neutrinos muoniques interagissant par courants charges et ne produisant pas de pion est etudiee a l'aide de donnees accumulees par le detecteur ND280 entre 2010 et 2017. Des evenements caracterises par une interaction de neutrino dans les couches de scintillateurs et d'eau des detecteurs a grains fins (FGD1 et FGD2) sont selectionnes, puis analyses de maniere conjointe grâce a une methode de maximum de vraisemblance optimisee pour reduire autant que possible la dependance aux modeles.
Broadband planar slot antenna using a simple single‐layer FSS stopband

In this study, the authors propose a simple structure of a new broadband planar slot antenna using a wide single-layer frequency selective surface (FSS) stopband. The proposed design is realised in two stages. First, the performances of the FSS unit cells are investigated using the finite element method of high-frequency structure simulator. Besides, the FSS structure considered as a stop-band filter in the bandwidth (3-7 GHz), is also validated by computer simulation technology microwave studio. Second, this FSS reflector is combined with a miniaturised wideband planar slot antenna 29×24×1.57 mm 3 ). The final proposed combination is also designed, optimised, fabricated and validated by measurements. The obtained results show an operating impedance bandwidth of 86.38% (2.92-7.36 GHz) including the Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access band, the C band for satellite applications, and the Wireless Local Area Network band. Furthermore, the antenna provides an 8.87 dBi measured maximum gain. Compared to the same antenna without FSS, a maximum gain enhancement of 5.53 dBi is achieved by the proposed structure. In addition, the back lobes are reduced in the proposed structure by >15 dBi, compared to a simple antenna. The total size of the proposed antenna, integrating the FSS, is 0. 63λ 0 ×0. 63λ 0 ×0. 12λ 0 .
Spectral density contrast in DPSS and ECD lasers for quantum and other narrow-linewidth applications

With increasing demand for narrow-linewidth lasers for applications such as atom cooling, metrology and sensing, the research community has centered its focus around locking and referencing the lasing wavelength with the highest stability achievable. The two main platforms emerging to accommodate for such specific needs are diode pumped solid-state (DPSS) and external cavity diode lasers (ECDL). Being in the early stages of their product life cycles, both platforms are seeking ways to provide users with reasonably high and stable output powers. Our paper looks into the details of the performance differences between the two platforms. Primarily it shows that whilst similar output powers can be achieved using both platforms within Sub-GHz bandwidths, due to additional spontaneous emission noise terms, encountered in ECDLs, there exists a difference in the spectral density contrast. In fact, these noise terms, being detectable by power meters for output power specifications, compromise on the spectral density contrast within the linewidth of interest, which can be critical for narrow- linewidth applications. We have compared some of the most recently reported ECDL spectra to a standard Nd:YAG DPSS laser to show that in case of both platforms specified for the same output power, a DPSS laser can provide at least 3-times more useful output power, within the specified narrow spectral linewidth, than an ECDL, which puts the feasibility of these platforms into a new perspective.
Gene- and pathway-based genomics of breast cancer and type 2 diabetes in African American women

vii TABLE OF CONTENTS . ix LIST OF TABLES . xii LIST OF FIGURES . xiv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xv INTRODUCTION . 1 REFERENCES . 6 PROJECT 1: An Exome-Wide Analysis of Low Frequency and Rare Variants in Relation to Risk of Breast Cancer in African American Women: the AMBER Consortium . 10 ABSTRACT . 10 INTRODUCTION . 11 METHODS . 13.10 INTRODUCTION . 11 METHODS . 13 Study Population . 13 Genotyping and QC . 15 Association Analysis . 17 RESULTS . 19 DISCUSSION . 22 REFERENCES . 28 TABLES . 33 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES . 38 SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES . 54 x PROJECT 2: Hormone-Related Pathways and Risk of Breast Cancer Subtypes in African American Women: the AMBER Consortium . 58 ABSTRACT . 58.58 INTRODUCTION . 59 METHODS . 60 Study Population . 60 SNP Selection for Genotyping . 62 Genotyping and QC . 63 Association Analysis . 64 RESULTS . 65 DISCUSSION . 68 REFERENCES . 73 TABLES . 81 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES . 83 PROJECT 3: A Novel TCF7L2 Type 2 Diabetes SNP Identified from Fine Mapping in African American Women . 99 ABSTRACT . 99 INTRODUCTION . 100 METHODS . 102 Study Population . 102 SNP Selection for Genotyping . 103 Genotyping and QC . 104 Imputation . 105
Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation

Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) is one of several enzymes that generate the key metabolic intermediate, acetyl-CoA. ACS in plant cells is part of a two-enzyme system that maintains acetate homeostasis, but its post-translational regulation is unknown. In microbes and mammals ACS activity is regulated by the post-translational acetylation of a key lysine residue that is positioned in a conserved domain near the carboxyl-end of the protein sequence. This study demonstrates that the plant ACS activity can be regulated by the acetylation of a specific lysine residue that is homologous to the regulatory lysine residue of microbial and mammalian ACS. The inhibitory effect of the acetylation of residue Lys-622 of the Arabidopsis ACS was demonstrated by site-directed mutagenesis, including the genetic substitution of this residue with the non-canonical N-ε-acetyl-lysine residue. This latter modification lowered the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme by a factor of more than 500-fold. Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis of the mutant enzyme indicates that this acetylation affects the first half-reaction of the ACS catalyzed reaction, namely the formation of the acetyl adenylate enzyme intermediate. The post-translational acetylation of the plant ACS would thus affect acetate flux in the plastids and overall acetate homeostasis. Highlight The study demonstrates that acetylation of a specific lysine residue can regulate the activity of acetyl-CoA synthetase, a new regulatory mechanism for maintaining acetate homeostasis.
DSP-Efficient Hardware Acceleration of Convolutional Neural Network Inference on FPGAs

Field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based accelerators for convolutional neural network (CNN) inference have received significant attention in recent years. The reported designs tend to adopt a similar underlying approach based on multiplier-accumulator (MAC) arrays, which yields strong demand for the available on-chip DSP blocks, while leaving FPGA logic and memory resources underutilized. The practical outcome is that the computational roof of the accelerator is bound by the number of DSP blocks offered by the target FPGA. In addition, integrating the CNN accelerator with other functional units that may also need DSP blocks would degrade the inference performance. Leveraging the robustness of inference accuracy to limited arithmetic precision, we propose a transformation to the convolution computation, which leads to transformation of the accelerator design space and relaxes the pressure on the required DSP resources. Through analytical and empirical evaluations, we demonstrate that our approach enables us to strike a favorable balance between utilization of the FPGA on-chip memory, logic, and DSP resources, due to which, our accelerator considerably outperforms state of the art. We report the effectiveness of our approach on a variety of FPGA devices, including Cyclone-V, Stratix-V, and Arria-10, which are used in large number of applications, ranging from embedded settings to high performance computing. Our proposed technique yields <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.5\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> throughput improvement and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> DSP resource reduction compared to the best frequency domain convolution-based accelerator, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.5\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> boost in raw arithmetic performance and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8.4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> saving in DSPs compared to a state-of-the-art sparse convolution-based accelerator.
Regulation of antioxidant activity in maize (Zeamays L.) by exogenous application of sulfur under saline conditions

: One of the major effects of salt stress is high production of reactive oxygen species that adversely affect essential cellular metabolic pathways. To limit the elevated production of reactive oxygen species, plants stimulate various types of antioxidants. In this study, sulfur was used to induce tolerance against oxidative stress through modulation of the activities of various antioxidants. Two maize genotypes (Agatti 2003 and Pak Afgoi 2003) were subjected to different salinity (25 and 75 mM) and sulfur (40 and 80 mM) treatments and a control treatment. Various antioxidants and oxidative stress determinants in maize organs (leaf, shoot, and root) were studied. It was found that salt stress decreased ascorbic acid and tocopherol, but stimulated the production of total phenolics, carotenoids, lycopene, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. Exogenously applied sulfur decreased carotenoids, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide and increased ascorbic acid, tocopherol, total phenolics, lycopene, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase. Agatti 2003 showed higher antioxidant activity than Pak Afgoi 2003. In conclusion, sulfur application at the 40 mM level balanced antioxidants and oxidative stress determinants to induce salt tolerance in maize plants.
Robust System Separation Strategy Considering Online Wide-Area Coherency Identification and Uncertainties of Renewable Energy Sources

With the fast growth of renewable energy sources (RES), more and more uncertainties are involved and influencing the stable operation of power systems. Controlled islanding is the last measure to prevent power system blackouts, thus this paper aims to propose a novel model of system separation based on Online Coherency Identification and Adjustable Robust Optimization Programming (OCI-AROP) for minimizing load shedding considering the uncertainties of RES. First, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering method with F-statistics is utilized to identify the coherent generator groups with the frequency data measured by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). Then, the OCI-AROP model considering coherent group constraints, connectivity constraints and robustness constraints about RES are presented. Finally, the case studies on IEEE-39 bus system and WECC-179 bus system are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OCI-AROP model, and comparisons among the OCI-AROP model and the other models are also given to show its superiority.
Modeling Resilience in Electrical Distribution Networks

Electrical distribution networks deliver a fundamental service to citizens. However, they are still highly vulnerable to natural hazards as well as to cyberattacks; therefore, additional commitment and investments are needed to foster their resilience. Toward that, this paper presents and proposes the use of a complex simulation model, called reconfiguration simulator (RecSIM), enabling to evaluate the effectiveness of resilience enhancement strategies for electric distribution networks and the required resources to implement them. The focus is, in particular, on one specific attribute of resilience, namely, the readiness, i.e., the promptness and efficiency to recover the service functionality after a crisis event by managing and deploying the available resources rapidly and effectively. RecSIM allows estimating how and to what extent technological, topological, and management issues might improve electrical distribution networks’ functionality after the occurrence of accidental faults, accounting for interdependency issues and reconfiguration possibilities. The viability of implementing RecSIM on a real and large urban network is showcased in the paper with reference to the study case of the electrical distribution network (EDN) of Rome city.
The Religious Parties of Popular Catholicism of the Immigrants of the city of Santa Teresa

— This research was carried out with the objective of analyzing the effect of religious festivals of the popular catholicism of Santa Teresa in the religious development of the municipality, located in the highland region of Espírito Santo, strongly marked by European immigration in the 19th century. The field research was complemented on grounds tion of the literature review on the relationship between sacred and profane, the religious culture of St. Teresa. The search It presents a conceptual discussion of religion, culture and the presence of the sacred and profane, highlights ing the religious element of immigrants as a constitutive factor of that society. Three cycles of religious feasts of the Catholic communities of Santa Teresa were analyzed, namely: the Feast of Kings, the June Saints, St. Anthony and St. John, and the Feast of Our Lady Aparecida. The presence of the sacred and the profane represented in the religious festivals, from the beginning of the colonization of Santa Teresa until the present day, constituted as a factor of cultural and religious identity of the community. It was possible to observe this relationship in the religious festivals of the city, the sacralization of temporality as a way of entering the eternal, the Kairós, that is, the time of grace, in which the miracles, the healings that manifest the action of the divine happen. through the saints. Although unconsciously, without the presuppositions of the sociology of religion, these simple people were affirming with their religious manifestations that they overlapped the spiritual and the temporal, walking with the saint's andor on their shoulders on the day of festivity, through the Catholic faith and Its practice manifests itself in religious festivals throughout the liturgical and devotional cycle, constituting Italianity in Brazil, based on family, land, the value of work and Catholic religiosity.
Hesperidin Increases Cytotoxic Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on WiDr Cells

Therapy of colon cancer by using 5-FU often causes problems of resistance. This encourages the development of co-chemotherapy agent. One of the compounds that could potentially be used as a co-chemotherapy agent is hesperidin. This study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic effects of hesperidin, 5-FU and the combination of them, as well as apoptosis induction in colon cancer cells WiDr. Cytotoxic effect of hesperidin, 5-FU, and its combination were observed using MTT assay. Observation of apoptosis was done by double staining method using ethidium bromide-acridin orange. Until 48 hours incubation, hesperidin showed no cytotoxic effects. Cytotoxic effects of 5-FU was observed after 48 hours with the IC 50 value of 422 µM. However, hesperidin improved the cytotoxic effects of 5-FU at 48 hour incubation. Either single treatment of hesperidin 200µM or 5-FU 1500 µM did not trigger apoptosis, but combination of them led to the emergence of signs of apoptosis. Based on this study,it can be concluded thathesperidin is potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapy agent of 5-FU on colon cancer but still need further study on its molecular mechanisms. Keywords : hesperidin, 5-fluorouracil, WiDr cells, cytotoxic, apoptosis
Improving models of fine root carbon stocks and fluxes in European forests

Fine roots and above‐ground litterfall play a pivotal role in carbon dynamics in forests. Nonetheless, direct estimation of stocks of fine roots remains methodologically challenging. Models are thus widely used to estimate these stocks and help elucidate drivers of fine root growth and turnover, at a range of scales. We updated a database of fine root biomass, necromass and production derived from 454 plots across European forests. We then compared fine root biomass and production to estimates obtained from 19 different models. Typical input variables used for the models included climate, net primary production, foliage and above‐ground biomass, leaf area index (LAI), latitude and/or land cover type. We tested whether performance could be improved by fitting new multiple regression models, and explored effects of species composition and sampling method on estimated fine root biomass. Average fine root biomass was 332 g/m2, and necromass 379 g/m2, for European forests where the average fine root production was 250 g m−2 year−1. Carbon fraction in fine roots averaged 48.4%, and was 1.5% greater in broadleaved species than conifers. Available models were poor predictors of fine root biomass and production. The best performing models assumed proportionality between above‐ and below‐ground compartments, and used remotely sensed LAI or foliage biomass as key inputs. Model performance was improved by use of multiple regressions, which revealed consistently greater biomass and production in stands dominated by broadleaved species as well as in mixed stands even after accounting for climatic differences. Synthesis. We assessed the potential of existing models to estimate fine root biomass and production in European forests. We show that recalibration reduces by about 40% errors in estimates currently produced by the best available models, and increases three‐fold explained variation. Our results underline the quantitative significance of fine roots (live and dead) to the global carbon cycle.
Neighborhood Deprivation, Food Insecurity and Gestational Weight Gain

viii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Impact of Gestational Weight Gain on Health . 2 Food Insecurity and Hunger Defined . 3 Constructs of Food Insecurity . 4 Food Insecurity and Neighborhood Deprivation . 5 Gestational Weight Gain Defined . 7 Stress and Mental Health . 8 The Effects of Stress on the Brain . 9 Conceptual Framework . 9 Research Questions . 19 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 20 Recommendations for Total Weight Gain . 20 Impact of Gestational Weight Gain on Health . 23 Impact of Food Insecurity on Health . 25 Cyclical Eating . 26 Food Insecurity and Obesity in Low Income Women . 28 Food Insecurity and Mental Health.28 Food Insecurity and Stress . 29 Coping with Structural and Other Barriers . 34 Food Assistance Programs . 38 Nutritional Guidelines for Pregnancy . 42 The Measurement of Food Insecurity . 49 U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) . 51 The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). 56 The Latin America and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA) . 57 Coping Strategies Index . 58 Measurement of Stress . 58 ii Neighborhood Deprivation Indices . 61 Neighborhood Deprivation and Health . 64 Theoretical Contributions . 67 Chapter 3: Methods . 69 Research Questions . 69 Overview . 69 Neighborhood Deprivation (Research Questions #1 and #2) . 70 Creating the Neighborhood Deprivation Index . 70 Measurement of Gestational Weight Gain . 72 Gestational Weight Gain Assessment . 72 Inclusions/Exclusions . 73 Florida Vital Statistics Data . 73 Multilevel Regression Modelling . 73 PRAMS Secondary Data Analysis (Questions #3, #4 and #5) . 74 Data Analysis . 76 Chapter 4: Results . 77 Neighborhood Deprivation Index . 77 Principal Component Analysis . 77 Maps of Four Cities . 81 Neighborhood Deprivation and Gestational Weight Gain . 82 Multilevel Logistic Regression Modelling . 89 PRAMS: Food Insecurity, Stress and Weight Gain . 106 Food Insecurity and Gestational Weight Gain . 113 Food Insecurity, Weight Gain, and Maternal Characteristics . 115 Pre-pregnancy BMI . 117 Maternal Age . 121 Food Insecurity, Weight Gain and Stress . 122 Chapter 5: Discussion, Recommendations and Conclusion . 127 Summary of Points from Chapters 1 to 3.127 Contribution of Study Design . 134 Summary and Discussion of Findings . 135 Implications of Study Findings . 152 Theoretical Implications . 152 Public Health Practice Implications . 154 Future Research . 155 Based on Limitations . 155 Based on Study Findings . 156 iii Recommendations for Research and Practice . 157 Practice Recommendations . 157 Strengths and Weaknesses . 157 Examination of the Framework . 158 Conclusions . 159 References . 161 Appendix A: Questionnaires . 176 Appendix B: Household Food Insecurity Access Scale . 179 Appendix C: Maps of Neighborhood Deprivation.180 Appendix D: Tables and Figures . 188 Appendix E: Institutional Review Board . 193 About the Author . End Page
Radioprotective efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles on γ-ray-induced nuclear DNA damage in Vicia faba L. as evaluated by DNA bioassays

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess radioprotective efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) against γ-radiation induced DNA lesions in Vicia faba employing flow cytometry (FCM), comet assay, and RAPD-PCR bioassays. Each dose of γ-irradiated seeds was post-treated with three nano-ZnO concentrations. Exposure time pre- and post-ZnO treatments were 24 h. Dose-dependent nano-ZnO and γ-ray treatments showed specific interference with DNA. Three bioassays could successfully detect positive action of two nano-ZnO concentrations (500 and 2000 mg L-1) on DNA compared to control while high concentration nano-ZnO showed a negative interference with DNA. On the contrary, three doses of γ-ray induced major lesions in V. faba DNA. Data obtained illustrated that combination of 2000 mgL-1 nano-ZnO concentration with each γ-ray dose had a good ability to protect DNA against their damaging when compared to the equivalent γ-ray doses prior nano-ZnO treatment. This was evident through the significant amelioration of DNA parameters which manifested in increasing nuclear DNA content and genome size, reduction the DNA damage (tail length, Tailed DNA% and tail moment), and scoring new amplified DNA bands and increasing their number. This study concluded that nano-ZnO can be used as potent mutant and an efficient nano-radioprotector for the protection of crop plants DNA.
Optical and Mechanical Properties of Highly Transparent Glass-Flake Composites

In this paper, the dynamic mechanic and optical properties of composites made of Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) and Micro Glass Flakes (MGF) with matching refractive indices (RIs) are investigated. The composite is produced by a slurry-based process using additional blade casting and lamination. It can be shown that a high degree of ordering of the MGF in the polymer matrix can be achieved with this method. This ordering, combined with the platelet-like structure of the MGF, leads to very efficient strengthening of the PVB with increasing content of the MGF. By carefully adjusting the RIs of the polymer, it is shown that haze is reduced to below 2%, which has not been achieved with irregular fillers or glass fibers.