Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Noise characteristics of high- T c YBa 2Cu 3O y SQUID gradiometers

We studied the field noise of high-Tc YBa2Cu3Oy SQUID gradiometers in moving environments. The superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) magnetometers were in planar and axial configurations. In shielded environment, the magnetometer shows a gradient noise of 0.17 pT/cmHz at 1 Hz and 5.1 fT/cmHz at 1 kHz. In unshielded environments, a gradient noise of 6.9 pT/cmHz was detected in our laboratory. The gradient noise at 1 Hz was increased to 0.38 nT/cmHz when the gradiometer system is moving at a speed of 20 mm/s. A moving gradiometer nondestructive evaluation system was set up to detect deep flaws. It was found there is a linear dependence between the phase of the differential field and the depth of flaws. The results are consistent with the SQUID magnetometer NDE system in which the SQUID magnetometer system is fixed and the samples were scanned under the system. 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
OPTIMIZING COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS BY USING ANTHROPOMORPHIC PHANTOMS AND MOSFET DOSIMETERS

The number of computed tomography (CT) examinations has increased in recent years due to developments in scanner technology and the increased diagnostic capabilities of CT. Nowadays, CT has become a major contributor to accumulated radiation doses from radiological examinations, accounting for approximately 60% of the overall medical radiation dose in Western countries. Ionizing radiation is generally considered harmful to health, and current knowledge suggests that the risk for stochastic effects increases linearly with radiation dose. Minimizing patient doses in CT requires effective optimization practices, including both technical and clinical approaches. CT optimization aims to reduce patients’ exposure to radiation without compromising image quality for diagnosis. The aim of this dissertation was to explore the feasibility of using anthropomorphic phantoms and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) in CT optimization and patient dose measurements, and to study CT optimization in versatile clinical situations. Specifically, this thesis focused on studying the effects of patient centering on the CT scanner isocenter by determining changes in patient dose and image quality. Additionally, as a part of this thesis, we constructed and optimized ultralowdose CT protocols for craniosynostosis imaging, and explored different optimization methods for reducing radiation exposure to eye lenses. Moreover, fetal radiation doses were assessed in the most typical CT examinations of a pregnant woman which also place the fetus at the highest risk for ionizing radiation-induced health detriments. Anthropomorphic phantoms and MOSFET dosimeters proved feasible in CT optimization even with the use of ultralow-dose levels. Patient vertical offcentering posed a common and serious problem in chest CT, as a majority of the scanned patients were positioned below the isocenter of the CT scanner,
KITE: producer mobility support in named data networking

In Named Data Networking (NDN), mobility of data consumers is natively supported by the stateful forwarding plane. However, additional mechanisms are needed, so that requests for data can be forwarded toward a mobile data producer. In this paper, we present KITE, a trace-based producer mobility support that further exploits the stateful forwarding plane of NDN. KITE takes a soft-state approach to create a hop-by-hop path between a reachable rendezvous server and a mobile producer through authenticated Interest-Data exchanges. KITE is locator-free, transparent to data retrieval and routing, and abuse-proof. We show how KITE supports various mobile communication scenarios, and name-based rendezvous at the network layer. A KITE prototype is implemented and evaluated.
A Secure Group Sharing Framework Using TGDH Scheme

: Cloud computing is a kind of Internet computing mainly used for data storage and data sharing. Secure data sharing among the group members is also an important concept in cloud. But privacy and security of user’s data are the major issues in cloud. And the semi trust nature of cloud service provider is also an important issue. Due to this semi-trusted nature of CSP traditional security mechanisms cannot be applied directly. In this paper, we propose a secure group sharing framework using TGDH scheme for cloud computing, which can effectively take advantage of the Cloud Servers help without exposing any sensitive data to attackers and the cloud provider. This framework combines enhanced TGDH, proxy re-encryption, EIGamal signature generation and A-S algorithm together into a protocol. Enhanced TGDH scheme is used for the generation of dynamic group key pairs. Proxy re-encryption is adopted for ensuring forward and backward secrecy. Digital signatures are generated by the use of EIGamal algorithm with random key and group public key. A-S algorithm is used for data encryption. The security requirements for cloud based data sharing are fulfilled by our proposed scheme with high efficiency. And it can be proved by the extensive security and performance analysis.
Two Putative Bridgehead Populations of Aphelinus mali (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) Introduced in China as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Marker

Abstract In China, Aphelinus mali (Haldeman) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) was independently introduced as an endoparasitoid of the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from Japan in 1942 and from the former Soviet Union during 1953–1955. However, we do not know which introduction of this endoparasitoid plays important role in the control of E. lanigerum in China. To determine the status of this biological control agent in China, we collected 16 populations from 6 provinces (Shandong, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Xinjiang and Yunnan) and analyzed the 948 mtCOI gene from specimens in these samples. The results revealed that the A. mali in China consisted of 2 cryptic mitochondrial clades including 3 haplotypes, which indicated at least 2 independent introductions of the parasitoid into China. Our results showed that each of the populations that had been introduced into Shandong and Liaoning, respectively, had also established in many regions of China , where they play an important role in the control of E. lanigerum. Therefore it is very likely that both original introductions have served as bridgeheads to establish other populations in China. Genetic analyses together with field surveys should be helpful in the management of the woolly apple aphid.
Image De-noising Using ROF Technique

: De-noising is the process of removing noise from an image. Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) case is the most studied case for de-noising in image processing. A technique implementing with the help of total variation de-noising as the proposed method is described. In this paper, we define the task of image de-noising as follows. We are providing a gray-scale type image for de-noising purpose that has been already degraded with different type of noises that has been further discussed in this paper. The variance of the noise is assumed to be known. The main goal of this technique is to retrieve our original one. Total variation regularization or we can say total variation de-noising is a technique that was originally developed for AWGN image de-noising by Rudin, Osher, and Fatemi[1]⁠. The Total variation regularization/de-noising technique has since been applied to the different kind of other imaging problems. We focus here on the ROF de-noising technique.
Multiple Hypotheses Testing with Weights

In this paper we offer a multiplicity of approaches and procedures for multiple testing problems with weights. Some rationale for incorporating weights in multiple hypotheses testing are discussed. Various type‐I error‐rates and different possible formulations are considered, for both the intersection hypothesis testing and the multiple hypotheses testing problems. An optimal per family weighted error‐rate controlling procedure a la Spjotvoll (1972) is obtained. This model serves as a vehicle for demonstrating the different implications of the approaches to weighting. Alternative approach es to that of Holm (1979) for family‐wise error‐rate control with weights are discussed, one involving an alternative procedure for family‐wise error‐rate control, and the other involving the control of a weighted family‐wise error‐rate. Extensions and modifications of the procedures based on Simes (1986) are given. These include a test of the overall intersec tion hypothesis with general weights, and weighted sequentially rejective procedures for testing the individual hypotheses. The false discovery rate controlling approach and procedure of Benjamini & Hochberg (1995) are extended to allow for different weights.
Formulation of Locally Reacting Surfaces in FDTD/K-DWM Modelling of Acoustic Spaces

Summary In this paper, we present new methods for constructing and analysing formulations of locally reacting surfaces that can be used in ﬁnite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations of acoustic spaces. Novel FDTD formulations of frequency-independent and frequency-dependent impedance boundaries are proposed for 2D and 3D acoustic systems, including a full treatment of corners and boundary edges. The proposed boundary formulations are de-signed for virtual acoustics applications using the standard leapfrog scheme based on the rectilinear grid, and apply to FDTD as well as Kirchhoff variable digital waveguide mesh (K-DWM) methods. In addition, new analytic evaluation methods that accurately predict the reﬂectance of numerical boundary formulations are proposed. The results obtained from numerical experiments and numerical boundary analysis (NBA) are analysed in time and frequency domains in terms of the pressure wave reﬂectance for different angles of incidence and various impedances. The results show that the proposed boundary formulations structurally adhere well to the theoretical reﬂectance. In particular, both reﬂectance magnitude and phase are closely approximated even at high angles of incidence and low impedances. Furthermore, excellent agreement was found between the numerical boundary analysis and the experimental results, validating both as tools for researching FDTD boundary formulations.
An Ultraviolet-Sterilization Protocol for Microtitre Plates

Ultraviolet radiation is a commonly used method of sterilization. The effect of UV radiation energy dose, exposure time, coverage, and presence of liquid on the efficiency of sterilization of polystyrene and polypropylene plates was investigated in this study. Regrowth of Escherichia coli cells in plates exposed to UV radiation was used to assess successful sterilization. The transilluminator was found to completely kill all contaminating cells, regardless of concentration with 30 minutes of radiation, while the highest energy dose on the Stratalinker® was able to completely sterilize wells containing less than 10 cells. Coverage with saran wrap caused no impedance in sterilization efficiency, while use of a polystyrene lid prevented cell death even at the lowest cell concentration. Presence of water in the wells did not impact sterilization. UV radiation is therefore a viable potential sterilization technique, but optimal parameters still need to be specifically determined.
Genetic variation among Iranian pomegranates ('Punica granatum' L.) using RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of important horticultural plants in Iran with about 800 genotypes cultivated in several regions of country. Three molecular markers including RAPD, ISSR and SSR were used to evaluate genetic diversity of thirty six Iranian pomegranate genotypes. Genetic parameters consisted of effective alleles (Ne), Nei genetic diversity (H), Shannon index (I) and polymorphic information content (PIC) were calculated based on molecular data. SSR markers with their co-dominant nature showed the highest value of genetic parameters aforementioned except PIC value among all markers. Combined data of three markers showed higher genetic diversity than two ISSR and RAPD markers. UPGMA tree obtained from combined molecular data (total 235 amplicons) discriminated pomegranate genotypes in three major groups. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) based on the first two components confirmed clustering. The homonymous, synonymous and/or mislabeled genotypes were identified using three molecular markers. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated no significant genetic variation (p= 0.27) between pomegranate genotypes in different localities (seven locality groups). Only 2% of overall genetic variation was due to among locality groups differences while 98% of variation was due to within group differences.
TEM study of the mechanism of Ni ion release from Nitinol wires with original oxides

The surface of commercial Nitinol wires with original oxides and a thickness in the 30-190 nm range was investigated by different state of art TEM techniques. The oxide surface layer was identified as a combination of TiO and TiO2 depending on the processing of the wire. Between the core of the wires and the oxidized surface, an interfacial Ni3Ti nanolayer was observed while Ni nanoparticles are found inside the original oxide. The particle sizes, their distribution in the surface and the Ti-O stoichiometry were deduced from the analysis of the obtained data. Molecular dynamics calculations performed for evaluation of the stability of Ni particles relative to the atomic state revealed that a pure Ni particle has a lower energy than free Ni atoms inside the TiO2 lattice. The obtained results are discussed with respect to surface stability and Ni release in the human body.
Evaluation and improvement of the performance of an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope

Adaptive optics in visual science is of enormous research and clinical interest. The combination of adaptive optics with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO) provides high resolution real-time images of the human retina, enabling an in vivo visualization of retinal cells such as photoreceptors and blood cells. The underlying goal of this thesis is the characterization and optimization of a confocal AO-SLO which at the start of the thesis could not provide images with sufficient quality. A number of modifications and new features were implemented within this thesis that included not only the experimental setup but also software development in order to improve adaptive optics control. In addition software for off-line processing of the AO-SLO images was developed and implemented. After implementation of these modifications the AO-SLO system was used to image healthy volunteers. Images of the cone and rod mosaic as well as of retinal vasculature are presented.
A Survey on Self-Destruction of Data Using Active Storage

: With the development of cloud based application, cloud services are becoming more and more important for people’s life. People are requested to submit or post some personal private information to the Cloud by the Internet. When people do this, they thought that service provider let secure their private data. By emerging cloud technology maximum applications are using cloud interface, and people usually trust all the cloud services, users generally stores their personal information on cloud. Later that information can be cached, copy, archived by the CSPs’ (Cloud Service Provider). Self destructing data is considering as spy proof future of the internet, by using this data is like a time bomb on the network, it means that after certain time interval. Primarily self destruction of data was introduced on DHT (Distributed Hash Table), since low cost Sybil attack on DHT are the problems. Self destructing data is now on active storage framework (SeDas) because it giving higher security and performance. Also uploading and downloading of the file having very poor performance especially with the large files. This paper is going to address these two problems so that privacy can be achieved in public network.
IIITH-ILSC Speech Database for Indian Language Identiﬁcation

This work focuses on the development of speech data comprising 23 Indian languages for developing language identiﬁcation (LID) systems. Large data is a pre-requisite for developing state-of-the-art LID systems. With this motivation, the task of developing multilingual speech corpus for Indian languages has been initiated. This paper describes the composition of the data and the performances of various LID systems developed using this data. In this paper, Mel frequency cepstral feature representation is used for language identiﬁcation. In this work, various state-of-the-art LID systems are developed using i-vectors, deep neural network (DNN) and deep neural network with attention (DNN-WA) models. The performance of the LID sys-tem is observed in terms of the equal error rate for i-vector, DNN and DNN-WA is 17.77%, 17.95%, and 15.18% respectively. Deep neural network with attention model shows a better performance over i-vector and DNN models.
Visual Data Cleansing of Eye Tracking Data

Analysis and visualization of eye movement data from eye tracking studies typically take into account gazes, fixations, and saccades of both eyes filtered and fused into a combined eye. Although this is a valid strategy, we argue that it is also worth investigating low-level eye tracking data prior to high-level analysis, since today’s eye tracking systems measure and infer data from both eyes separately. In this work, we present an approach that supports visual analysis and cleansing of low-level time-varying data for a wide range of eye tracking experiments. The visualization helps researchers get insights into the quality in terms of uncertainty— not only for both eyes in combination but each eye individually. Furthermore, we discuss uncertainty originating from eye tracking, how to reveal it for visualization and illustrate its usefulness using our approach by applying it to eye movement data formerly recorded with a Tobii T60XL stationary eye tracker using a prototypical implementation.
Long-wave theory of bounded two-layer films with a free liquid–liquid interface: Short- and long-time evolution

We consider two layers of immiscible liquids confined between an upper and a lower rigid plate. The dynamics of the free liquid–liquid interface is described for arbitrary amplitudes by an evolution equation derived from the basic hydrodynamic equations using long-wave approximation. After giving the evolution equation in a general way, we focus on interface instabilities driven by gravity, thermocapillary and electrostatic fields. First, we study the linear stability discussing especially the conditions for destabilizing the system by heating from above or below. Second, we use a variational formulation of the evolution equation based on an energy functional to predict metastable states and the long-time pattern morphology (holes, drops or maze structures). Finally, fully nonlinear three-dimensional numerical integrations are performed to study the short- and long-time evolution of the evolving patterns. Different coarsening modes are discussed and long-time scaling exponents are extracted.
The Effects of Environmental Risk on Consumption: An Empirical Analysis on the Mediterranean Countries

This paper empirically estimates a micro-founded model which studies the macroeconomic impact of environmental and financial risks on consumption choices in the Mediterranean Region. The analysis is carried out using time series aggregate data for fourteen Mediterranean countries over the period 1965-2008. Our results indicate that both risks and their interaction significantly influence consumption dynamics. Our estimates of the indexes of relative risk aversion and relative prudence, as well as the relative preference for the quality of environment suggest marked cross-country heterogeneity.
Measures to reduce the residual field and field gradient inside a magnetically shielded room by a factor of more than 10

Very low residual magnetic field and field gradients are essential for a number of high resolution fundamental physical experiments and for further improvement of very sensitive magnetic measurement devices. The scope ranges from spin precession experiments, e.g. with 3 He or neutrons, to biomagnetic measurements, like magnetoencephalograms, and to low field MR spectroscopy. One method of reducing environmental magnetic noise is to use a magnetically shielded room (MSR). Here, measures are demonstrated to improve residual field and field gradient inside a common MSR by a factor of more than 10 by a specific degaussing procedure, material selection of prefabricated parts and active shielding. The process is independent of the shielding factor and works also properly for heavily shielded rooms.
Analysis of Market Volatility via a Dynamically Purified Option Price Process

The paper studies methods of dynamic estimation of volatility for financial time series. We suggest to estimate the volatility as the implied volatility inferred from some artificial "dynamically purified" price process that in theory allows to eliminate the impact of the stock price movements. The complete elimination would be possible if the option prices were available for continuous sets of strike prices and expiration times. In practice, we have to use only finite sets of available prices. We discuss the construction of this process from the available option prices using different methods. In order to overcome the incompleteness of the available option prices, we suggests several interpolation approaches, including the first order Taylor series extrapolation and quadratic interpolation. We examine the potential of the implied volatility derived from this proposed process for forecasting of the future volatility, in comparison with the traditional implied volatility process such as the volatility index VIX.
Manure Management Risks and Ownership of Peri-Urban Poultry Enterprises in Western Kenya

Ownership profile and management practices of peri-urban poultry units in four urban centres in Kenya; namely Bungoma, Eldoret, Kakamega and Kisumu were evaluated. Questionnaire surveys and interviews were used among 475 farmers selected through snowball sampling. More women were reported to own peri-urban poultry than were men although most decisions were made through consultation at family level. Poultry and manure handling practices were found to be poor and varying across municipalities. There was no significant difference across the municipalities with respect to the way farmers kept poultry feeds (χ9, 0.616 = 7.2). Farmers kept poultry feeds either in residential houses, poultry houses, dedicated stores or given to the birds directly regardless of the municipality. Garden crops varied but most of the peri-urban poultry keepers grew leafy vegetables (χ18, 0.001 = 33.58). The study recommends that poultry farmers should use designated feed stores to avoid feed contamination and environmental pollution by feeds; Poultry manure should be stored under shade for at least three months; Transport of poultry manure should be in closed containers to avoid contamination of transit routes; Crops applied with poultry manure should be harvested after sufficient waiting time or properly cooked to control spread of diseases.
Saddle points in the merit function landscape of systems of thin lenses in contact

The merit function landscape of systems of thin lenses in contact, which are perhaps the simplest possible types of optical systems, shows remarkable regularities. It is easier to understand how the optimization parameter space of these simple systems is divided into basins of attraction for the various local minima if one focuses on the (Morse index 1) saddle points in the landscape rather than on the local minima themselves. The existence and the basic properties of these saddle points can be predicted by thin-lens theory, which is applied on a simplified model of the merit function containing only third-order spherical aberration. The predictions of this simplified model are confirmed by numerical results obtained with a typical merit function based on ray tracing.