Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modeling of Thermoelectric Generator with Solar Parabolic Dish

The use of solar energy in the production of electricity is gaining momentum for obvious reasons. This article presents an analytical model of thermoelectric generator (TEG) driven by a solar parabolic dish collector having open mouth diameter of 3.56 m with focal length of 1.11 m. The focal receiver is embedded by flat thermoelectric modules with an absorber plate and it is enclosed in an acrylic cover. TEG with acrylic cover and without acrylic cover were studied analytically for different solar beam radiation at a constant flow rate of heat transfer fluid of water. TEG with acrylic cover system was able to produce 35.3% improvement in overall efficiency and 55.1% improvement in electrical power output at solar beam radiation of 1100W/m2.
Within-Household Allocation of Travel: Case of Upper Austria

The interactions between the heads of a household with regard to their out-of-home activities and travel behavior in Upper Austria are investigated. To answer the research questions, a structural equation model is developed. The data used in the modeling process are from an extensive travel diary of over 100,000 households in Upper Austria combined with extensive data on land use and local economic activities. The main result of the model is that sex-specific division of labor in nuclear families is still common. If women are working, the number of their maintenance trips is reduced, but this reduction is not compensated for by men. Normally, female employment is connected with a decrease in the number of other female activities and an increase in car ownership and traveled distances. In addition, the model shows that out-of-home activities often are carried out together. The number of reachable infrastructure facilities is the most important spatial variable, whereby good access promotes the reduction of car-ownership and traveled distances.
Living laboratories for interactive art

This paper explores the idea of the exhibition as a living laboratory in the making and curating of interactive art. It suggests that museums can act as living laboratories where curators, artists and audiences collaborate in real-world settings. Such laboratories are shown to be essential for the study of the audience experience of interactive art, a key part of understanding interactivity as a medium. The paper describes Beta_space: an experimental public exhibition venue and research environment for interactive art. It places this initiative within a historical continuum of transversal cultural display and the use of the museum as laboratory. It identifies an emerging phenomenon of hybrid research, production and exhibition spaces, and argues that such initiatives work to overcome the continued distinctions, within traditional cultural institutions, between art, science and technology, object and experience, creation and consumption.
An Entropy based Classification of Body Fat using Fuzzy Rules Commingled with Genetic Algorithm

A perennial inflated malady under the radar which has become an imperative thrust of colloquies in various parts of the world is “Obesity”. It is a health gremlin which curtails a person’s quotidian lifestyle and stems from the physical apathetic torpor, phrenic nerves, deleterious food habits and the frailty of genetic constitution. Bariatrics is that discipline of science which deals with the surgical procedures and consultations for obese individuals. Prolific research and anatomizations have been carried out on the sundry tenacious health impediments germinating due to obesity. The assaying of body fat percentage of every individual in a punctilious method is a desideratum. The previous work entailing body fat percentage comprehensively included an individual’s Body Mass Index (BMI) with respect to their age and gender. The factual composition of a person’s fat constitution and the muscle tissue configuration is not computationally explicated using BMI. Thus, the strictures imposed by the formula vitiates the veracity for an individual having more muscle mass than fat mass. The proposed indagation gives a pellucid, novel formula which is procured through the integrant crude parameters of an individual. This aids in overcoming the fallibilities of the previous formula for body fat. The classification accuracy is augmented by implementing fuzzy rules synthesized into genetic algorithm. The Ethical Committee approval for this study has been obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee, Madras Medical College, Chennai. The empirical study has been simulated using Matlab and the results have been successfully acquired in the GUI mode.
Digital Inertial Algorithm for Recording Track Geometry on Commercial Shinkansen Trains

This paper describes how the inertial method is based on a simple law that states that the double integration of acceleration gives its displacement, and is one of the general methods used for recording track geometry. In the inertial method, a high-pass filter (HPF) is essential to ensure stable calculation of the double integration of acceleration. The previous analog inertial measuring system remained wave distortion because the system used analog HPFs, which had a non-linear phase property. To avoid wave distortion caused by analog HPFs, a new algorithm was developed for digital inertial measurement that utilizes the measurement property of the 10 m versine. A new track geometry recording device using this algorithm was produced, capable of being installed on commercial shinkansen trains. This device, called RAIDARSS 3, measures 10 m versine track irregularities from double integration of the axle box acceleration in real time. If the measured track irregularities exceed the predetermined target maintenance values, the measured values and locations of the irregularities are automatically reported to the train control center and track maintenance depots, and slow speed operation is directed, if necessary. To confirm the measurement precision of this device, an experimental prototype was tested on a shinkansen test train. Results showed that the output of the prototype achieved good correlation with data from the existing track geometry car. The new RAIDARSS 3 track condition monitoring device will be installed on six N700 train sets during fiscal year 2008.
A New Three-mode Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Doubly Fed Induction Generator Based Wind Energy Conversion System

Abstract This paper proposes a new algorithm for maximum power point tracking of a wind energy conversion system, which is based on a doubly fed induction generator. The algorithm has three modes. In the first mode, the maximum power point is tracked and also the output power is smoothed. Once the turbine operating point reaches the optimal point, the second mode is activated to fix the speed of the turbine. In addition, this mode has a self-tuning capability. When the turbine operating point is far from the optimal value, the third mode is activated. In this mode, the optimal power curve along with the fuzzy logic is used to bring the turbine operating point rapidly to a point near the maximum power point. To verify the accuracy of the proposed algorithm, a large wind energy conversion system is simulated, and the simulation results are compared with the perturbation and observation algorithm.
Technical Notoe: Prediction of Static Liquefaction by Nor Sand Constitutive Model

Abstract The paper gives a short description of unstable behaviour of saturated sand under undrained monotonic loading. Constitutive model Nor Sand capable to describe static liquefaction is presented. The model is based on critical state soil mechanics and assumes associated flow rule. Hardening law incorporates the state parameter proposed earlier by Been and Jefferies. Results of numerical simulations of undrained element tests have been presented and discussed.
Error Probability Analysis of Time-Hopping Biorthogonal Pulse Position Modulation UWB Systems with a RAKE Receiver over Indoor Multi-Path Fading Channels

This paper presents the error probability analysis of Time-Hopping Biorthogonal Pulse Position Modulation (TH-BPPM) ultra-wideband (UWB) systems with a RAKE receiver over indoor multi-path fading channels. UWB signals suffer from severe multi-path interference when employed in an indoor fading environment. A RAKE receiver can be used to improve the performance of UWB systems. TH-BPPM has attracted much attention in recent years due to its many advantages, such as low probability of error and low complexity. In this paper, the IEEE 802.15. 3a indoor channel model is employed to analyze the performance of TH-BPPM UWB systems with different RAKE receivers. The bit error rate (BER) of ARake, PRake, and SRake TH-BPPM UWB systems is derived. The results indicate that ARake has the best performance, SRake is better than PRake when the number of fingers is same.
Smart cooling of data centers

A cooling system is configured to adjust cooling fluid flow to various racks located throughout a data center based upon the detected or anticipated temperatures at various locations throughout the data center. In one respect, by substantially increasing the cooling fluid flow to those racks dissipating greater amounts of heat and by substantially decreasing the cooling fluid flow to those racks dissipating lesser amounts of heat, the amount of energy required to operate the cooling system may be relatively reduced. Thus, instead of operating the devices, e.g., compressors, fans, etc., of the cooling system at substantially 100 percent of the anticipated heat dissipation from the racks, those devices may be operated according to the actual cooling needs. In addition, the racks may be positioned throughout the data center according to their anticipated heat loads to thereby enable computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units located at various positions throughout the data center to operate in a more efficient manner. In one respect, the positioning of the racks may be determined through implementation of numerical modeling and metrology of the cooling fluid flow throughout the data center. In addition, the numerical modeling may be implemented to control the volume flow rate and velocity of the cooling fluid flow through each of the vents.
Curcumin oil and Grapeseed oil can antagonize the Effect of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (ATRA) on Rat's Kidney

Tretinoin chemically is all-trans retinoic acid associated with retinol groups. It is yellow to light orange crystalline powder that urges the cytodifferentiation and diminish proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells in culture and in vivo. The accurate mechanism operation of tretinoin is uncharted. Researchers have shown that tretinoin has potentially teratogenic and toxic side influences in mice, rats, hamster rabbits and patients. The most frequent adverse events in kidney were renal insufficiency, dysuria, acute renal failure, micturition recurrence and renal tubular necrosis and also it causes enlargement of prostate . There were no adequate and well-controlled studies in animal models. So, monitoring of kidney functions with its texture had to be done. In recent years herbal extract treatment showed capability of ameliorative role for the disturbance of organs functions with toxic and injuries in different tissues especially kidney tissue. Current research was conducted in 28 days and 49 rats were included and they were divided into seven groups each group containing 7 rats: the first was negative control group gavageed with olive oil at dose (2ml/kg/bw) , while the second and third were positive control groups administrated at dose (15&30 mg/kg/bw) respectively with ATRA ,indeed the others treated groups combinations between the two ATRA concentrations with curcumin oil at dose (50 mg /kg/bw) were included the fourth and fifth groups respectively, and the last two groups administrated grape oil at dose (50 mg /kg/bw) were included the sixth and seventh group respectively . From this study, we discovered that treating the rats by extracted grapeseed oil with ATRA recovered the damaged kidney architecture near to normal as well as improved their renal functions.
Wavelength tunable, modelocked semiconductor fibre ring laser incorporating a high-birefringence Sagnac loop

Electrical wavelength tuning in a dual-wavelength, actively mode-locked semiconductor fibre ring laser incorporating a high-birefringence Sagnac loop is demonstrated. Picosecond pulses at each wavelength, both of which can be tuned simultaneously by changing the modulation frequency are obtained. Similar pulse characteristics are obtained regardless of whether the reflection or transmission response of the loop is used.
A New Sliding-Mode Observer for Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

In this paper, a new sliding-mode observer (SMO) for sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed. The observer is built based on the study of the back electromotive force (EMF) equivalent control. The new SMO, which substitues a hyperbolic tangent function for the signum function with a variable boundary layer, can reduce the chattering phenomenon. In order to overcome the time delay, we cancelled the low-pass filter and phase compensation module. In this way, not only the structure of the observer is simplified, but also the estimation precision is improved. The simulation results prove that the new SMO has a good dynamic performance and static quality.
Usability assessment of two different control modes for the master console of a laparoscopic surgical robot

The objective of this study is to evaluate potential interface control modes for a compact four-degree-of-freedom (4-DOF) surgical robot. The goal is to improve robot usability by incorporating a sophisticated haptics-capable interface. Two control modes were developed using a commercially available haptic joystick: (1) a virtually point-constrained interface providing an analog for constrained laparoscopic motion (3-DOF rotation and 1-DOF translation), and (2) an unconstrained Cartesian input interface mapping more directly to the surgical tool tip motions. Subjects (n = 5) successfully performed tissue identification and manipulation tasks in an animal model in point-constrained and unconstrained control modes, respectively, with speed roughly equal to that achieved in similar manual procedures, and without a steep learning curve. The robot control was evaluated through bench-top tests and a subsequent qualitative questionnaire (n = 15). The results suggest that the unconstrained control mode was preferred for both camera guidance and tool manipulations.
Mining Frequent Itemsets Algorithm Based on Compression Matrix

Association rule mining is one of the most important and well researched techniques of data mining. The key procedure of the association rule mining is to find frequent itemsets. In this paper, a new mining frequent itemsets algorithm based on matrix is introduced. Frequent itemsets are obtained by compressing the transaction matrix efficiently by a new strategy. The new algorithm optimizes the known mining frequent itemsets algorithms based on matrix given by some researchers in recent years, which greatly reduces the temporal complexity and spatial complexity. It is more feasible especially when the degrees of the frequent itemsets are high.
A Heat Dynamic Model for Intelligent Heating of Buildings

This article presents a heat dynamic model for prediction of the indoor temperature in an office building. The model has been used in several flexible load applications, where the indoor temperature is allowed to vary around a given reference to provide power system services by shifting the heating of the building in time. This way the thermal mass of the building can be used to absorb energy from renewable energy source when available and postpone heating in periods with lack of renewable energy generation. The model is used in a model predictive controller to ensure the residential comfort over a given prediction horizon.
Self Adaptative Trajectory Learning for Monitoring the Elderly Wandering

Recently, the outdoor and indoor mobility behaviour of elderly has received great attention due to the constant increasing of dependent people. In this paper we describe the architecture of a self adaptive monitoring system which allows detecting cases of wandering or getting lost for people suffering from Alzheimer's disease. The system is composed of Wi-Fi/GPS-based location platform that communicates with a server through a wristwatch. An optimised algorithm embedded on the server processes the stored location data using learning techniques. In result of this operation, safe areas are automatically defined in indoor and outdoor environment according to the usual displacements and time slots. If the person is located out of the safe areas or shows some unusual trajectories, an alert indicating the location of the person is sent by the wristwatch to the medical assistance via GSM/3G service.
Spatial Distribution and Uniformity Evaluations for Chemigation with Center Pivots

Traditional calculation of distribution uniformity as a basis for hydraulic design evaluation may not be appropriate for chemigation with center pivots. Recent development in site-specific crop management (SSCM) requires the spatial distribution of water and nutrient inputs to the fields. A two-dimensional interpolation algorithm has been developed to build these spatial distribution maps from a limited number of observations. A coefficient of uniformity is then calculated from the application depth distribution and compared with Heermann-Hein’s coefficient of uniformity, CUH, from both catch-can test data and computer simulation data. The results showed that the interpolated coefficient of uniformity, CUI, is comparable to Heermann-Hein’s CUH but more robust at larger catch-can spacing.
Dynamic Modeling and Stabilization Techniques for Tri-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

The design, dynamics, and control allocation of tri-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are introduced in this paper. A trirotor UAV has three rotor axes that are equidistant from its center of gravity. Two designs of tri-rotor UAV are introduced in this paper. The single tri-rotor UAV has a servo-motor that is installed on one of the three rotors, which enables rapid control of its motion and its various attitude changes–unlike a quad-rotor UAV that depends only on the angular velocities of four rotors for control. The other design is called ‘coaxial tri-rotor UAV,’ which has two rotors installed on each rotor axis. Since the tri-rotor type of UAV has the yawing problem induced from an unpaired rotor’s reaction torque, it is necessary to derive accurate dynamic and design control logic for both single and coaxial tri-rotors. For that reason, a control strategy is proposed for each type of trirotor, and nonlinear simulations of the altitude, Euler angle, and angular velocity responses are conducted by using a classical proportional-integral-derivative controller. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategies are appropriate for the control of single and coaxial tri-rotor UAVs.
Dynamic modeling and simulation of planetary rovers

This paper documents a preliminary study into the dynamic modeling and computer simulation of wheeled surface vehicles. The research centered on the feasibility of using commercially available multibody dynamics codes running on engineering workstations to perform the analysis. The results indicated that physically representative vehicle mechanics can be modeled and simulated in state-of-the-art Computer Aided Engineering environments, but at excessive cost in modeling and computation time. The results lead to the recommendation for the development of an efficient rover mobility-specific software system. This system would be used for vehicle design and simulation in planetary environments; controls prototyping, design, and testing; as well as local navigation simulation and expectation planning.
Digital radiography – is it for you?

Digital radiography is becoming more commonplace within the industrial NDT field. It offers several advantages such as defect recognition software, advanced analysis tools, shorter exposure times, and lower energies - andyet many companies are still sceptical about its use. These companies are questioning whether they should wait for the new technology to improve before buying, or invest in the new technology now before being left behind. This paper attempts to answer some of the common objections raised against digital, and to compare the relative merits of analogue (film) radiography against the various types of digital. It also examines some of the new terminology surrounding computed radiography and highlights some of the differences in technical skills required from radiographers and analysts. Much of the resistance to computed radiography is from radiographers themselves, who are used to using film and developers. Many are not comfortable with the new digital technologies, and are suspicious of the advantages offered by digital image processing. This paper attempts to dispel some of the myths regarding digital radiography, and takes an objective look at the various technologies on the market today.
Experimental Study of Long-Range Shallow Water Acoustic Communication Based on OFDM-Modem

In this paper, we focus on the need for remote and robust underwater acoustic(UWA) communication in shallow sea. A set of OFDM underwater acoustic communication algorithm is designed including the techniques of Doppler estimation and compensation, channel equalization and frequency diversity. This algorithm is realized in the DSP and successfully applied on the OFDM-Modem platform. In Da- Lian shallow sea trial, the horizontal communication distance is 36 kilometers under the condition of QPSK modulation, 1/2 rate convolution code, bandwidth between 4 and 8kHz. The communication rate of the OFDM-Modem can reach 426bps and the ultimate BER is less than 10-3.
Worker Monitoring Tests for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Results from an Industrial Longitudinal Study

This paper presents the initial findings from a study using two computer-controlled functional tests for sensory and motor deficits in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The gap detection sensory test quantifies dynamic tactile inspection thresholds for areas of the hand innervated by the median nerve. The rapid pinch and release psychomotor test measures the initiation and control of specific muscles innervated by the median nerve motor branch. The purpose of this ongoing study is to evaluate industrial subjects recruited from varying high risk industrial settings, such as poultry processing, automotive manufacturing, plastics manufacturing, assembly, and newspaper publishing for longitudinal changes in test outcomes. A total of 169 subjects were tested during the first year of this study. All subjects completed a symptom survey, underwent a physical examination of the upper limbs, shoulder and neck, had a nerve conduction study (NCS), and were administered the Wisconsin Test Battery. Both hands of the subjects are examined and categorized by presence of absence of physical exam findings, self-reported symptoms, and nerve conduction study (NCS) results. The data was analyzed for differences between subjects reporting positive or negative symptoms, and positive or negative physical exam and NCS findings. In summary, the psychomotor and sensory test outcomes were related to objective NCS findings but it is interesting to note that symptoms alone were not significantly associated with functional sensory or psychomotor performance. Unlike our previous studies, where CTS patients in the electromyography (EMG) clinic seeking medical assistance were tested, all subjects were from a working population. It is likely that most of the positive exam and NCS subjects in the current study involve CTS symptoms that are less severe than our previous studies using EMG clinic subjects, many whom were preparing for surgery.