Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bullying: Health Concerns of Australian Secondary School Students

ABSTRACT In Australia while adult-adult and adult-child violence has been recognised and legislated against, the issue of child-child violence has not been taken seriously. In the present paper consideration is given to Australian and overseas research which highlights the extent of the problem amongst secondary school students and the effects of peer group victimisation on the health of both the perpetrator and victim. In this study of 220 secondary school students 8.14% reported being bullied ‘once a week or more’. Bullying was associated with poorer health status amongst the victims, both boys and girls, and with poorer health in girls who showed a tendency to bully. The findings were discussed in terms of the need for early intervention and counselling of those caught up in the bully/victim cycle.
Testing an Individual Systems Model of Response Evaluation and Decision (RED) and Antisocial Behavior Across Adolescence

This study examined the bidirectional development of aggressive response evaluation and decision (RED) and antisocial behavior across five time points in adolescence. Participants (n = 522) were asked to imagine themselves behaving aggressively while viewing videotaped ambiguous provocations and answered a set of RED questions following each aggressive retaliation (administered at Grades 8 and 11 [13 and 16 years, respectively]). Self- and mother reports of antisocial behavior were collected at Grades 7, 9/10, and 12 (12, 14/15, and 17 years, respectively). Using structural equation modeling, the study found a partial mediating effect at each hypothesized mediational path despite high stability of antisocial behavior across adolescence. Findings are consistent with an individual systems perspective by which adolescents' antisocial conduct influences how they evaluate aggressive interpersonal behaviors, which affects their future antisocial conduct.
Critical Incidents Reveal How Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Construct Their “Secure Base” as a “Helping System”

Most studies of the psychosocial needs of patients with head and neck cancers (HNC) use predefined categories and explicitly ask for specified needs. These studies are important but should be complemented with inductive studies based on patients’ own descriptions of experiences. This qualitative study is such a contribution. In repeated interviews positive and negative incidents were collected from 137 patients with HNC, and these experiences were categorized in dimensions expressing needs. A core category—“being included—neglected by a helping system”— emerged from the narrated incidents and was based on the dimensions engagement, competence, and information. The findings are easily related to attachment theory by stressing the significance of establishing trustful relationships with the health care staff, as attachment figures, who respond flexibly and sensitively to the patient's needs. In the constitution of health care as a helping system, all encounters between the patient and health care staff matters. Further research should preferably focus on the creation of guidelines for the constitution of health care as a helping system, that is, how the found factors of a helping system can be operationalized in clinical practice.
Computer‐assisted quantification of myocardial reperfusion after primary percutaneous coronary intervention predicts functional and contrast‐enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance outcomes in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction

Objective. We investigated whether the Quantitative Blush Evaluator (QuBE) value predicts functional and contrast‐enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) outcomes at 4–6 months after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Background. QuBE is a computer‐assisted open source program to quantify myocardial reperfusion. Although a higher QuBE value is associated with improved myocardial reperfusion measures and lower 1‐year mortality, the association with intermediate functional parameters after STEMI has not yet been investigated. Methods. QuBE values were quantified retrospectively on angiograms of patients enrolled in the ancillary CMR study of the proximal embolic protection in acute myocardial infarction and resolution of ST‐elevation trial. QuBE en CMR outcomes were independently assessed by reviewers blinded to clinical data. Results. A higher QuBE value was significantly associated with a smaller left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volume, a higher LV ejection fraction and systolic wall thickening in the infarct area, and a smaller final infarct size and extent of transmural segments (P ≤ 0.008). In a multivariable model, including age, gender, infarct location, time to treatment, history of myocardial infarction, and postprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade, only the QuBE value and infarct location remained as independent predictors of LV ejection fraction (P = 0.018 for QuBE value). Conclusion. Higher QuBE values are independently associated with improved functional and contrast‐enhanced CMR outcomes including LV ejection fraction at 4–6 months after primary PCI and may therefore aid in identifying high‐risk patients who benefit most from adjunctive therapies sustaining myocardial function after PCI. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preliminary Study of Behavioral Therapy for Tourette Syndrome Patients in Japan

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a chronic neurobehavioral disorder of childhood characterized by motor and vocal tics. The authors aimed to show the feasibility of Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) for pediatric Tourette syndrome patients in Japan. Seven subjects (age 9 to 20 years) were treated with CBIT. Changes in tic severity, premonitory urges, and subjective distress associated with tics were investigated over the course of 9 treatment sessions. Results showed that significant decrease of tic severity and improvement of their subjective distress of tics. However, the subjective distress from coprolalia was difficult to change. The treatment for outburst of coprolalia should be investigated more.
The effects of the CLIMB® program on psychobehavioral functioning and emotion regulation in children with a parent or caregiver with cancer: A pilot study

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the psychobehavioral benefits of the Children's Lives Include Moments of Bravery (CLIMB®) intervention in 45 children (aged 6–11) with a parent/caregiver with cancer. Parent/caregiver reports of psychobehavioral functioning indicated signi-ficant decreases in children's emotional symptoms and marginally significant reductions in conduct problems. Child reports of emotion regulation indicated significant increases in emotion awareness, significant decreases in emotion suppression, and nonsignificant increases in emotion-focused coping and dysregulated expression. Parents/caregivers and children reported high satisfaction with CLIMB®. Results suggest CLIMB® is a promising intervention for improving psychobehavioral functioning and emotion regulation in children with a parent/caregiver with cancer.
Posttraumatic growth among childhood cancer survivors: Associations with ethnicity, acculturation, and religious service attendance

ABSTRACT This study assessed the association between ethnicity, religious service attendance (RSA), and acculturation with posttraumatic growth (PTG) in a diverse sample of 235 childhood cancer survivors (CCS). PTG scores were estimated for each ethnicity, and by level of RSA and acculturation. There was a significant curvilinear relationship (inverted U) between RSA and PTG, such that moderate levels of RSA were associated with the highest PTG scores. Hispanics reported the highest PTG, and both Hispanic and Anglo cultural orientation were significantly positively associated with PTG. CCS with high or low frequency of RSA as well as Hispanic CCS who lack a strong sense of cultural identity may benefit from targeted efforts to promote psychosocial adaptation in the aftermath of cancer.
Women's experiences of admission to a crisis house and to acute hospital wards: A qualitative study

Background: Crisis houses offer an alternative to hospital admission to individuals for whom home treatment is inappropriate because of severity of disturbance, risk or a poor home environment. Aims: To investigate and compare women's experiences of admission to a women-only crisis house and to general acute wards. Method: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 30 women admitted to a women-only crisis house and 20 admitted to one of 3 hospital acute units. Experiences of admission to each setting were explored and compared. Relevant themes were extracted using qualitative content analysis. Results: In general, the crisis house is highly valued by service users. They consider that their recovery is promoted by a home-like environment, absence of disturbed male patients, ready availability of staff for talking through current and past difficulties and good support from other residents. Admission to the house is often experienced as less stigmatizing than hospital. However, they perceive the service as relatively selective, both in excluding those not severely ill enough for hospital to be considered and in filtering out very unwell women who cannot take responsibility for their own safety.
Limitations of closing percutaneous transthoracic ventricular access ports using a commercial collagen vascular closure device

Introduction: Closed‐chest access and closure of direct cardiac punctures may enable a range of therapeutic procedures. We evaluate the safety and feasibility of closing percutaneous direct ventricular access sites using a commercial collagen‐based femoral artery closure device. Methods: Yorkshire swine underwent percutaneous transthoracic left ventricular access (n = 13). The access port was closed using a commercial collagen‐based vascular closure device (Angio‐Seal, St. Jude Medical) with or without prior separation of the pericardial layers by instillation of fluid into the pericardial space (“permissive pericardial tamponade”). After initial nonsurvival feasibility experiments (n = 6); animals underwent 1‐week (n = 3) or 6‐week follow‐up (n = 4). Results: In naïve animals, the collagen plug tended to deploy outside the parietal pericardium, where it failed to accomplish hemostasis. “Permissive pericardial tamponade” was created under MRI, and accomplished early hemostasis by allowing the collagen sponge to seat on the epicardial surface inside the pericardium. After successful closure, six of seven animals accumulated a large pericardial effusion 5 ± 1 days after closure. Despite percutaneous drainage during 6‐week follow‐up, the large pericardial effusion recurred in half, and was lethal in one. Conclusions: A commercial collagen‐based vascular closure device may achieve temporary but not durable hemostasis when closing a direct left ventricular puncture port, but only after intentional pericardial separation. These insights may contribute to development of a superior device solution. Elective clinical application of this device to close apical access ports should be avoided. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of the Usefulness of Lithium and Valproate

This review shows that lithium and valproate have comparable anti-manic effects. However, manic patients who respond well to lithium are euphoric but manic patients who respond poorly to lithium have more than 10 past recurrences, are in a mixed state and/or have dysphoric mood and mood-incongruent psychotic features such as delusions of persecution. Valproate exhibits greater anti-manic efficacy than lithium in manic patients with a higher number of past recurrences and may be effective for patients with mixed conditions and rapid cycling. The antidepressant effects of both lithium and valproate are modest, and may necessitate concomitant lamotrigine and/or switching. Lithium may afford more prophylactic efficacy than valproate. Positive predictors for lithium prophylaxis are an episodic pattern of mania-depression-interval and a high age of illness onset, while negative predictors are a high number of previous hospitalizations, an episodic pattern of depression-mania-interval, and continuous cycling. Checking these predictors in order to determine whether lithium or valproate should be selected would appear to be useful. In addition, even very low levels of lithium in drinking water may contribute to a reduction in suicide risk in the general population. In conclusion, both lithium and valproate are useful in the treatment of bipolar disorders, and several measures exist for differentiating their clinical positioning.
Reporting Bias of Dampness Problems and Smoking—A Result of Study Design

Using questionnaire is a common, efficient and cheap way to collect data in population-based epidemiological studies. However, there is a general trend of declining response rates leading to a higher risk for bias affecting the validity of results. Use of anonymous questionnaires and/or other ways of distributions, e.g. via schools instead of postal, may increase response rates, but can also lead to other types of systematic errors. This study indicates that results from cross-sectional questionnaire studies differ depending on distribution method and whether the survey is anonymous or not. Also the official purpose of the survey may affect the outcome. When studying well-known risk-factors and health effects, potential methodological problems like reporting bias must be considered in cross sectional studies.
A hybrid, decidable, logic‐based knowledge representation system 1

The major problem with using standard first‐order logic as a basis for knowledge representation systems is its undecidability. A variant of first‐order tautological entailment, a simple version of relevance logic, has been developed that has decidable inference and thus overcomes this problem. However, this logic is too weak for knowledge representation and must be strengthened. One way to strengthen the logic is to create a hybrid logic by adding a terminological reasoner. This must be done with care to retain the decidability of the logic as well as its reasonable semantics. The result, a stronger decidable logic, is used in the design of a hybrid, decidable, logic‐based knowledge representation system.
Proteomic and Tissue Array Profiling Identifies Elevated Hypoxia-Regulated Proteins in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

We identified a group of hypoxia-regulated proteins upregulated in microdissected pancreatic cancer nests compared with normal pancreatic ducts. Immunohistochemical study further validated that pancreatic cancers had significantly higher expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78, macrophage migration inhibitory factor and annexin A5 than normal pancreas tissues, these protein biomarkers also demonstrated high receiver operating characteristic curves in discriminating pancreatic cancers from normal pancreas. In conclusion, our study indicated a link between pancreatic cancer and hypoxia-regulated proteins. Glucose-regulated protein 78, macrophage migration inhibitory factor and annexin A5 might be promising targets for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Representation and combination of uncertainty with belief functions and possibility measures

The theory of evidence proposed by G. Shafer is gaining more and more acceptance in the field of artificial intelligence, for the purpose of managing uncertainty in knowledge bases. One of the crucial problems is combining uncertain pieces of evidence stemming from several sources, whether rules or physical sensors. This paper examines the framework of belief functions in terms of expressive power for knowledge representation. It is recalled that probability theory and Zadeh's theory of possibility are mathematically encompassed by the theory of evidence, as far as the evaluation of belief is concerned. Empirical and axiomatic foundations of belief functions and possibility measures are investigated. Then the general problem of combining uncertain evidence is addressed, with focus on Dempster rule of combination. It is pointed out that this rule is not very well adapted to the pooling of conflicting information. Alternative rules are proposed to cope with this problem and deal with specific cases such as nonreliable sources, nonexhaustive sources, inconsistent sources, and dependent sources. It is also indicated that combination rules issued from fuzzy set and possibility theory look more flexible than Dempster rule because many variants exist, and their numerical stability seems to be better.
Introduction to Advances in the Neurosurgical Treatment of Intractable Pain

Modern neurosurgical treatment of intractable pain dates back to the latter part of the nineteenth century. In 1873, Letievant[8] first described cranial and peripheral neurectomy to alleviate pain. Sir Victor Horsley[5] first performed gasserian neurectomy for trigeminal neuralgia in 1891; the procedure was again reported by Hartley in 1892,[4] Krause in 1893,[6] and perfected by Frazier[3] in Philadelphia in 1928. The first spinal dorsal rhizotomy was performed by Abbe[1] in 1889 and the first successful cordotomy was performed by Spiller and Martin[10] in 1912. Otfrid Foerster[2] made the first thorough study of the pain pathways and published his article in 1933. Rene Leriche[7] summarized the development and his extensive experience with sympathectomy in a book which he published in 1939. Egas Moniz[9] reported successful control of intractable pain after frontal lobotomy in 1936. Advances in our understanding of pain transmission and modulation during the last several decades led to the use of neuroaugmentative procedures such as electrical stimulation and chronic drug infusion for the relief of pain.
Downregulation of miR-377 Promotes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth and Migration by Targeting HDAC9

ABSTRACT microRNAs are the post-transcriptional regulators implicated in the initiation and progression of various cancer types, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Here, we investigated the role of miR-377 in OSCC tumorigenesis. miR-377 expression was reduced in OSCC samples and cell line (UPCI-SCC-116), and was associated with patient survival. In vitro restoration of miR-377 repressed cell growth, induced apoptosis, and reduced cell migration. We identified HDAC9 as a target of miR-377 and found miR-377 to regulate HDAC9 and its pro-apoptotic target, NR4A1/Nur77. Our findings show that miR-377 targets HDAC9 pathway in OSCC, suggesting that miR-377–HDAC9 axis may provide a novel therapeutic target for OSCC therapy.
Modeling the user's conceptual knowledge in BGP‐MS, a user modeling shell system 1

The paper describes the modeling of a user's conceptual knowledge in the general user modeling shell system BGP‐MS. On the one hand, BGP‐MS is a workbench for the develment of a user model in a particular application domain. It supports the definition of the architecture of the individual user model, and of the architecture and the contents of user stereotypes. A rich representation language for conceptual knowledge, a partition mechanism, and flexible graphics‐based interfaces are at the disposal of the user model developer. On the other hand, BGP‐MS is a runtime user modeling tool aimed at fulfilling central tasks of a user modeling component in an application system. In this mode, the system offers a functional interface for accessing and updating the model of the current user, as well as basic domain‐independent inference mechanisms, support for inferences defined by the developer, and a customizable stereotype management utility. The usefulness of BGP‐MS will be demonstrated by illustrating how it can support the user modeling of various recently developed application systems.
The NIKL experience 1

NIKL was the successor to KL‐ONE, the first knowledge representation system to implement “term subsumption” semantics. The primary goals for NIKL were to improve the expressivity and efficiency of KL‐ONE. In the process of developing and using NIKL as the primary representational vehicle for several applications, important new representational needs were identified and addressed, and issues both theoretical and practical in knowledge representation were formulated. In this paper, we present the core of NIKL by way of description, examples, and a model theoretic semantics. We describe the motivations behind the major NIKL design decisions, and discuss NIKL'S capabilities and limitations as a working representation system.
A simple percutaneous technique for hemostasis and closure after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Access closure is a key element to successful retrograde percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation. It requires large‐bore femoral arterial access (18Fr–28Fr) which most operators manage with surgical access and closure under general anesthesia. We report a case example of how, using our center's peripheral interventional experience, we have developed a simple five step technique to achieve hemostasis percutaneously. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic implications of early and long‐term bleeding events in patients on one‐year dual antiplatelet therapy following drug‐eluting stent implantation

Background: Bleeding has emerged as a predictor of early and late mortality after percutaneous coronary interventions. However, the prevalence and predictors of long‐term bleeding events in patients on prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation has been poorly explored. Methods: A total of 1,437 patients undergoing DES implantation discharged on DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel for 1 year were studied. Patients were followed for up to 4 years (34.3 ± 14.4 months) and the prevalence and predictors of in‐hospital and long‐term thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) major and minor bleeding events evaluated. The impact of bleeding events on major adverse cardiac events (MACE), overall death, and stent thrombosis (ST) was also assessed. Results: The incidences of 30 days major and minor bleeding were 1.3 and 3.3%, respectively. The incidences of 1‐year major and minor bleeding were 3.0 and 5.6%, respectively. The incidences of major and minor bleeding up to 4‐year follow‐up were 3.6 and 6.9%, respectively. At multivariable analysis, 1‐year major bleeding was positively predicted by use of oral anticoagulants at hospital discharge [odds ratio (OR) = 13.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.0–59.2, P = 0.001], anemia at admission (OR = 6.7, 95% CI = 2.7–16.5, P < 0.001) and use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.1–6.5, P = 0.03) and negatively predicted by male gender (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.16–0.97, P = 0.042). Overall, major bleeding at 1 year and at long‐term follow‐up was associated with an increased risk of MACE, cardiac death and ST. Patients who had any bleeding event were more likely to prematurely discontinue antiplatelet therapy (50% vs. 9.6%, P < 0.001). Conclusions: In DES‐treated patients on prolonged DAPT, major bleeding occurring at 1 year and up to 4 years following DES implantation in patients on prolonged DAPT is associated with poor long‐term prognosis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.