Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Performance Evaluation of Desktop Rod Electrode Discharge EDM Machine in Pure Water

Home EDM wire cutting technology has an irreplaceable position in special processing with continuous development and improvement [1]. The current EDM machine tools on the market are almost large and medium-sized. It is easy to cause waste of resources when cutting small parts. In the case of special processing courses offered by many colleges, vocational and technical schools. The laboratory is equipped with industrial-grade electric discharge wire machines. it requires a lot of floor space. The cost of cutting machine tools is very and it is not convenient for unprofessional to understand its processing principles and actual processes, if we are not very careful and system failure may happen such as wire breakage or other problem and so on. In recent years, the equipment is moving in the direction of miniaturization. Desktop-level 3D printers, milling machines have already appeared, and the field of small wire-cut EDM machine tools is in a blank paper. In this context, this article proposes to design desktop-level WEDM on the basis of industrial-grade machine tools based on the use of Small-diameter rod-shaped electrodes cutting. The mechanical structure of desktop-level EDM machine tool is designed so that it can be used for cutting small workpieces and teaching demonstrations. Compared with industrial-grade machine tools, it also greatly reduces the energy consumption of cutting small samples. It is more convenient for EDM machine equipment and transportation and popularization in the laboratory. Important parts such as ball screws were checked, various supporting parts were self-designed and the machine tool motion control system was designed.
Informal Logic’s Infinite Regress: Inference Through a Looking-Glass

I argue against the skeptical epistemological view exemplified by the Groarkes that “all theories of informal argument must face the regress problem. ” It is true that in our theoretical representations of reasoning, infinite regresses of selfjustification regularly and inadvertently arise with respect to each of the RSA criteria for argument cogency (the premises are to be relevant, sufficient, and acceptable). But they arise needlessly, by confusing an RSA criterion with argument content, usually premise material.
on Adoption of E-Banking IMPACT OF BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS ON ADOPTION OF E-BANKING

: The internet and World Wide Web (WWW) offer banker’s and customer’s an opportunity with innovative new virtual environment that can hopefully stimulate and enhance their learning and operative process. The usage of information technology in banking transactions in general and financial transactions in particular not be an easy task for the customer’s. Customer’s use of electronic banking require acceptance of the technology, which can be difficult and complicated and demands efforts of the customer because of changing in behavioural patterns. The Prospect of using technology on one hand, can simplify customer’s understanding of exchange, but on the other hand, it can make customer’s understanding more difficult. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of behavioral factors viz. perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on behavioral intention to adopt internet banking and customer satisfaction. The data for the present study has been obtained from 410 online banking customer’s randomly selected from Jammu city. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis has been used for analysis of data. The findings revealed that both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have positive impact on behavioral intention to use online banking as it saves their time, cost and enhances their effectiveness in work. The study has confined only to the perceptions of online customers and other variables such as perceived benefits and perceived credibility are not taken into consideration and thus need to be applied in future research.
Communication, Work Engagement and Caring Provision Differences between Nurses and Physicians

Introduction: Communication constitutes an indispensable prerequi site not only for the function of health institutes, but for their efficiency as well. The l ack of successful communication gives rise to delay s, inefficiency, malfunctions, let alone conflict and tension in the workplace. In contrast, the benefits obtained by effective interaction are numerous, with an immedia te impact on patients, healthcare professionals and the institute. Aim: The determination of the level of communication, w ork engagement levels and caring provision between doctors and nurses. Methods: 270 doctors and nurses (120 and 150 respectively) of two hospitals. Data collection was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire with demographics and Jefferson Scale of Attitudes toward Nurse-Physi cian Collaboration, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI-GR). The Statistical package for the Social Science (SPS S, v.23) was utilized for the purpose of data proce ssing. Results: Age has been found to affect level of communication , though only in the doctors’ sample. The level of professional commitment appears to be average for b oth professional groups and does not seem to be imp acted by gender. Age and years of experience, on the cont rary, have a positive effect on the level of profes sional commitment, but only as revealed in the doctors’ sa mple. Conclusions: Physician-nurse communication lies in fairly satisf actory levels while work engagement level of both professional groups is mediocre, which ought t o be of concern of the management services. Profess i n group correlated significantly with both communicat on and caring with nurses to show higher mean leve ls than physicians.
Improved oxygen reduction reaction activity of three-dimensional porous N-doped graphene from a soft-template synthesis strategy in microbial fuel cells

Electrocatalysts with high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity are still of great significance to improve the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). We report herein an approach to synthesize three-dimensional porous nitrogen-doped graphene (PNG) using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles as soft templates. Based on this strategy, one type of PNG series, denoted PNG-15, is obtained by optimizing the mass ratios of CTAB and GO. This material exhibits a well-developed porous structure with a high surface area of 615.2 m2 g−1. The results of XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS analyses verify that the superior porous structure of PNG-15 is beneficial to the formation of active centers. Therefore, this material shows an ORR electron transfer number of 3.88 ± 0.10 in a neutral medium and comparable activity to commercial Pt/C. Such comparable performance of PNG-15 is preserved as a cathode electrocatalyst in MFCs in terms of voltage output, coulombic efficiency, and power density output. Furthermore, the PNG-15 demonstrates superior long-time stability to Pt/C during over two-months of operation. The findings confirm that the new material can serve as a promising cathode electrocatalyst in MFCs.
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTRUM ANALYSIS OF CATHARANTHUS PUSILLUS MURRAY G. DON (APOCYANACEAE)

In the present study the bioactive compounds of Catharanthus pusillus, aerial parts and root extract were used to evaluate by Gas chromatography and mass spectrum (GC-MS) method. 50g of fine powder was packed with No.1 Whatman filter paper and placed in soxhlet apparatus along with methanol. The crude extract were collected and dried at room temperature, 30˚C after which yield was weighed and then performed to GC-MS analysis. Nine components from the aerial part and root of the above said plant were identified. The major compounds are identified in aerial parts such as Pregn-16-en-20-one, 11,18-bis (acetyloxy)-3,9-epoxy-3-methoxy-, (3a,5a,11a)-(15.60%),9-Octadecenoic acid (14.03%), 3-Methyl-trans-2,3-epoxycyclohexan-1- ol(8.53%), 1H-Purin-6-amine, ((2-fluorophenyl)methyl), (7.47%), Octadecanoic acid (6%). In roots, the major compounds are stigmasterol (13.26%), c-Sitosterol (11.39%), 2, 5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (4.68%). This study helps to explore the potential compounds responsible for the biological activities of antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer for application of drug formation in pharmaceutical fields.
Modeling of Hot Electron Driven Reactions Over Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-Active Nanoparticles.

Modeling of Hot Electron Driven Reactions Over Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-Active Nanoparticles by Matthew Patrick Morabito Chair: Dr. Suljo Linic In this dissertation, we have used a number of different approaches including simple quantum mechanical models, quantum chemical calculations, electron dynamics, and molecular dynamics to explore the underlying phenomena of photonmediated chemical reactions over nanostructured catalysts exhibiting strong localized surface plasmon resonance. These reactions could occur either from formation of energetic electrons directly on or to the adsorbate molecule, or formation of energetic electrons on the substrate that are subsequently transferred to the adsorbate. The work presented models portions of both mechanisms. The first portion of this work investigated the properties and characteristics of the interaction between surface plasmons and adsorbate states. Our studies suggest that surface plasmons can enhance the promotion of energetic electrons into empty adsorbate states through strong electric fields at the surface. The surface plasmon increases the interaction
Rules on Paper, Rules in Practice

The primary focus of this book is on a specific outcome of the rule of law: the practical enforcement of laws and policies, and the determinants of this enforcement, or lack thereof. Are there significant and persistent differences in implementation across countries? Why are some laws and policies more systematically enforced than others? Are “good” laws likely to be enacted, and if not, what stands in the way? We answer these questions using a theoretical framework and detailed empirical data and illustrate with case studies from Morocco, Tunisia and Jordan. We believe that the best way to understand the variation in the drafting and implementation of laws and policies is to examine the interests and incentives of those responsible for these tasks – policymakers and bureaucrats. If laws and their enforcement offer concrete benefits to these ruling elites, they are more likely to be systematically enforced. If they don't, implementation is selective, discretionary, if not nil. Our first contribution is in extending the application of the concept of the rule of law beyond its traditional focus on specific organizations like the courts and the police, to economic sectors such as customs, taxation and land inheritance, in a search for a direct causal relationship with economic development outcomes. Instead of limiting ourselves to a particular type of organization or a legalistic approach to the rule of law, we present a broader theory of how laws are made and implemented across different types of sectors and organizations. Our second contribution is in demonstrating how powerful interests affect implementation outcomes. The incentives elites have to build and support rule-of-law institutions derive from the distribution of power in society, which is partly a historical given. The point we make is that it is not deterministic. Realigning the incentive structures for reform among key actors and organizations, through accountability and competition, can dramatically improve the chances that rule-of-law institutions will take root. On the other hand, building the capacity of organizations without first changing institutional incentives is likely to lead to perverse outcomes.
Hydrogen functionalisation of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers from first principles

Abstract Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers are of great importance due to their unique properties and potential applications in fields such as electrocatalysis and optoelectronics. Although functionalisation of MoS2 has been recently studied through computation and experimentation, TMDs, such as MoSe2, WSe2, and WS2, have remained relatively unaddressed for chemical functionalisation. This study examines the effects brought about by the covalent functionalisation of MoSe2, WSe2, and WS2 by hydrogenation through first-principles density functional theory calculations. In particular, we examined the relationship between phase stability and surface functionalisation by comparing the stability of the 1T- and 2H phase at various hydrogen coverages. We found that the 1T phase became more stable than the 2H phase after a cross-over coverage: approximately 13, 11, and 18%, respectively, for MoSe2, WSe2, and WS2. The highest stability was achieved at close to 50% hydrogen coverage for the 1T phase. At this coverage, the 2H- to 1T-phase transition was found to be kinetically facile. We also found that the band gap of all three TMDs in the 1T phase can be tuned by varying the number of hydrogen coverage. This work shows that chemical functionalisation such as hydrogenation can be generally applied to tune the phase stability and electronic properties of TMD monolayers.
Predicting the Crystal Structure of Decitabine by Powder NMR Crystallography: Influence of Long-Range Molecular Packing Symmetry on NMR Parameters

Crystal structure determination in the absence of diffraction data still remains a challenge. In this contribution, we demonstrate a complete reconstruction of the crystal structure of decitabine exclusively from 1H and 13C solid-state NMR (ss-NMR) chemical shifts through comparison with the NMR parameters calculated for density functional theory-optimized, computer-generated crystal structure predictions. In particular, we discuss the previously unconsidered influence of long-range molecular packing symmetry on the NMR parameters and subsequent selection of the correct crystal structure. Symmetry operations considerably influenced the global molecular packing and unit cell parameters of the predicted crystal structures, while the conformations and short-range molecular arrangements were practically identical. Consequently, the NMR parameters calculated for NMR-consistent candidates were similar and barely distinguishable by the standard deviations of the experimental and calculated 1H and 13C chemical sh.
Biodiversity Status, Distribution and Use Pattern of Some Ethno-Medicinal Plants

The erosion of plant biodiversity is a matter of global concern. Due to unawareness the building blocks of entire ecosystems are disappearing. Some medicinal plants like Taxus baccata Linn. , Thymus serpyllum Linn. , Coleus forskohli Will. , Oroxylum indicum Linn. , Valeriana hardwickii Wall. , Malaxis acuminata D.Don, Habenaria edgeworthii Hook. f.ex. Collett. , Costus speciosus (Koen.) Sm. , Dioscorea deltodea Wall. , Gloriosa superba Linn. , Polygonatum cirrhifolium Wall. and Polygonatum verticillatum Linn. , Thalictrum foliolosum DC. , Berberis aristata DC. , Baliospermum montanum Will. , Bergenia ciliata (Haworth) Sternb. , Clerodendrum serratum Linn. , Valeriana jatamansii Jones, Celastrus paniculatus Will. , Habenaria intermedeia D. Don, and Curculigo orchioides Gaerth are reached on the border of extinction. The 2008 IUCN Red List shows that the number of threatened plant species is increasing gradually (IUCN 2008). Therefore, there is an immediate need for conservation steps to be taken up along with promotion of conservation of medicinal plants.
Effects of lead toxicity on the total chlorophyll content and growth changes of the aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum L.

Abstract This paper reports results of a laboratory-scale experiment conducted to determine the effects of different initial concentrations of a toxic heavy trace metal (lead) on the total chlorophyll (a + b) content of aquatic plant tissues Ceratophyllum demersum L. , and also to monitor the visible growth changes during the experiment under different lead concentrations (2, 4 and 6 mg/L), as well as in control plants (without any addition of lead nitrate solution). Lead concentrations in water and plant samples were determined using AAS, where the total chlorophyll content in plant leaf tissues was measured every 15 days during the experimental period using a UV/VIS Spectrophotometer, Model 160A, Shimadzu, with wavelengths of 665 and 649 nm. The results showed that the content of total chlorophyll decreased noticeably, with increasing initial concentrations of lead throughout the exposure time. Decreases in total chlorophyll content in the tissues of C. demersum over the period of the experiment were accompanied by different morphological changes in the plants, depending on the initial lead concentration and exposure duration. These changes in morphology and growth affected the number and length of branches, the number of leaves and the number of leaflets.
STUDIES ON THE DESIGN OF ORAL CONTROLLED RELEASE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS OF WATER SOLUBLE AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE EMPLOYING GELUCIRES

Ambroxol Hcl is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. The objective of the present research work was to develop controlled release matrix tablets of Ambroxol by melt granulation technique using different grades and at different concentration of meltable polmers such as gelicuire 54/02,50/13 and 43/01 and semi hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC-K100M). The prepared formulations were evaluated for physical characterization, hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content uniformity, dissolution studies. The results indicated that the controlled release tablets formulation (F16) with Drug: gelicuire 54/02) at a ratio of 1: 3 and lactose as diluent could be suitable for extending the drug release up to 12 hrs. In-vitro drug release kinetics evaluated using the linear regression method was found to follow the zero order release, Higuchi, Korsemeyer and Peppas model. The stability studies has carried on optimized formulation F16 in 40oc/75% RH for 6 months,and the stability data is found to be similar with initial data. The drug and excipient interaction was studied by using FTIR and DSC.In vivo studies is conducted for optimized formulation and pjarmacokinetic parameters was found to be Tmax - 3.0hrs ,Cmax - 45ng/ml, T1/2- 12 hrs ,AUC – 95.86ng. h\ml and it has proven that controlled release formulation is able to maintain drug concentration for 24 hrs
Synthesis of dense arrays of multiferroic CoFe2O4–PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 core/shell nanocables

A major challenge in the development of efficient magnetoelectric nanocomposites is the adequate control of the interfaces, in order to avoid the formation of undesirable interphases and to ensure an optimal strain mediated coupling. In this work we used a combination of low-cost impregnation and electrodeposition processes within the ordered nanochannels of a porous anodic alumina template, to elaborate CoFe2O4–PbZr0.52Ti0. 48O3 core/shell nanocable arrays with high interfacial areas between the ferroelectric and the magnetic phases. We have shown in this way that the thermal annealing steps required for phase's crystallization and oxidation of metallic CoFe2 into spinel CoFe2O4 are critical with respect to interdiffusion phenomena through the interfaces. The impact of the processing temperature on the morphological and structural features of the nanocables was then discussed. We demonstrated that an optimization of process variables in the synthesis of CoFe2O4–PbZr0.52Ti0. 48O3 nanocables allows a significant improvement in their microstructure and ensures the chemical integrity of the two-phase materials, an important concern when seeking for enhanced multiferroic properties.
Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of iron compounds (E1) as feed additives for all species: ferrous sulphate heptahydrate based on a dossier submitted by Kronos International, Inc.

Ferrous sulphate monohydrate is safe when supplied up to a maximum iron content per kilogram complete feedingstuff of 450 mg for bovines and poultry, 500 mg for ovines, 600 mg for pets, and 750 mg for other species/categories, except horses and fish; for piglets up to one week before weaning a maximum of 250 mg Fe/day is considered safe. Because of insufficient data on horses and fish, as a provisional measure, the current value (750 mg Fe/kg) could be maintained. The values for total dietary iron for pigs, ovines, horses, fish and other species/categories (except poultry, bovines and pets) are in line with those currently authorised. Iron from ferrous sulphate monohydrate is unlikely to modify the iron concentration in edible tissues and products of animal origin. Consumer exposure in the EU is not associated with a risk of excess iron intake to the general population. Therefore, the FEEDAP Panel does not foresee any concern for consumer safety resulting from the use of ferrous sulphate monohydrate in animal nutrition, provided that the maximum iron content in complete feedingstuffs is respected. Ferrous sulphate monohydrate is irritant and corrosive to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. The additive contains up to 109 mg Ni/kg. Nickel is a dermal and respiratory sensitiser, and inhalation may cause lung cancer. Thus, handling the additive poses a risk to the user/worker. Considering the high concentration of iron and sulphur in soil and water, the supplementation of feed with the additive is not expected to pose an environmental risk. Ferrous sulphate monohydrate is an effective iron source for all animal species and categories. The FEEDAP Panel recommends that the currently authorised maximum iron content in complete feed be reduced for bovines and poultry from 750 to 450 mg Fe/kg, and for pets from 1250 to 600 mg Fe/kg. © European Food Safety Authority, 2014
Germline RUNX1 Variation and Predisposition to Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

RUNX1 is a transcription factor critical for definitive hematopoiesis and genetic alterations in RUNX1 have been implicated in both benign and malignant blood disorders, particularly of the megakaryocyte and myeloid lineages. Somatic RUNX1 mutations are reported in B- and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL and T-ALL), but germline genetic variation of RUNX1 in these lymphoid malignancies have not been comprehensively investigated. Sequencing 4,836 children with B-ALL and 1,354 cases of T-ALL, we identified 31 and 18 unique germline RUNX1 variants in these two ALL subtypes, respectively. RUNX1 variants in B-ALL were predicted to have minimal impact. By contrast, 54.5% of variants in T-ALL result in complete or partial loss of RUNX1 activity as a transcription activator in vitro, with dominant negative effects for 4 variants. Ectopic expression of dominant negative deleterious RUNX1 variants in human CD34+ cells repressed differentiation into erythroid, megakaryocytes, and T cells, while promoting differentiation towards myeloid cells. We then performed chromatin immunoprecipitation profiling in isogenic T-ALL models with variants introduced by genome editing of endogenous RUNX1. We observed highly distinctive patterns of DNA binding and target genomic loci by RUNX1 proteins encoded by the truncating vs missense variants. The p.G365R RUNX1 variant resulted in a novel methylation site in RUNX1 and alteration in its interaction with CBF{beta}. Further whole genome sequencing showed that JAK3 mutation was the most frequent somatic genomic abnormality in T-ALL with germline RUNX1 variants. Consistently, co-introduction of RUNX1 variant and JAK3 mutation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in mouse gave rise to T-ALL with early T-cell precursor phenotype in vivo, compared to thymic T-ALL seen in mice with JAK3 mutation alone. Taken together, these results indicated that RUNX1 is an important predisposition gene for ALL, especially in T-ALL and also pointed to novel biology of RUNX1-mediated leukemogenesis in the lymphoid lineages.