Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neural network model of interaction between real economy sector entrepreneurship and financial field under risk

The paper presents a developed neural network model of interaction between entrepreneurship enterprises and financial system. A hypothesis that a neural network makes it possible to simulate the interaction between complex systems and develop a profit forecast for enterprises in the real sector of the economy under risk has been put forward and proved. Among the main research methods, monographic method, design-constructive procedure and artificial intelligence are to be emphasized. The results include the fact that the theoretical foundations of the interaction between enterprises in the real economy sector and the financial and budgetary systems have been investigated. The factors determining the profitability of the enterprises in the real sector of the economy have been considered. Main interaction dependencies between the economic and financial systems under conditions of market uncertainty have been revealed. The systems of artificial intelligence in business and other spheres have been investigated. The theoretical foundations of the financial risk analysis under conditions of uncertainty have been considered. A neural network model that makes it possible to obtain a profit forecast for enterprises in the real sector of the economy under risk has been developed. Main conclusions that reflect the results of the study have been formulated. They consist in the fact that in modern conditions it is important to study the issues associated with the further development of entrepreneurship and the real sector of the economy as a whole in conditions of market uncertainty and risk. The studies have shown that it seems appropriate to identify patterns of interaction between entrepreneurship in the real economy and the financial and budgetary systems using artificial intelligence systems. The research has resulted in a neural network model that makes it possible to obtain a profit forecast for enterprises in the real sector of the economy under risk.
Mechanics of Linear Quadratic Gaussian Rational Inattention Tracking Problems

This paper presents a general framework for constructing and solving the multivariate static linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) rational inattention tracking problem. We interpret the nature of the solution and the implied action of the agent, and we construct representations that formalize how the agent processes data. We apply this infrastructure to the rational inattention price-setting problem, confirming the result that a conditional response to economics shocks is possible, but casting doubt on a common assumption made in the literature. We show that multiple equilibria and a social cost of increased attention can arise in these models. We consider the extension to the dynamic problem and provide an approximate solution method that achieves low approximation error for many applications found in the LQG rational inattention literature.
Ontology for sensors

The aim of this paper is the description of our structure. This structure is created as an extension of Sensor ML. The first part of the paper is description of logic, which is used to describe the ontology. We describe rules for description logic and we define formal definition of ontology. The second part of the paper is about description of our structure. There are description tables which are used in structure and their properties.
Extension Stakeholder Engagement: An Exploration of Two Cases Exemplifying 21st Century Adaptions

Over the past 100 years, a number of societal trends have influenced how Cooperative Extension engages public audiences in its outreach and education efforts. These trends include rapid evolution in communication technology, greater specialization of Land-Grant University faculty, and diversification of funding sources. In response, Extension organizations have adapted their engagement approach, incorporated new technologies, modified their organizational structures, and even expanded the notion of public stakeholders to include funders, program nonparticipants, and others. This article explores the implications for future Extension efforts using two case studies—one which explores how a community visioning program incorporated new ways of engaging local audiences, and another which explores how an Extension business retention program used participatory action research and educational organizing approaches to strengthen participation in a research-based program.
The Effect of Remittance, GDP, investment, and population on Unemployment in Indonesia

One of the problems exist in almost all countries is unemployment that has not been resolved perfectly. It occurs because employment cannot absorb all the job seekers who have diverse expertise, as well as domestic investment that is still unable to create new jobs. Indonesia which has an increase of population above the economic growth has not been able to alleviate unemployment so that it needs to encourage and enlarge export services. Researchers take unemployment, economic growth, and remittance as the topic of discussion, where data reveals that number of unemployed people increases very rapidly and remittances tend to be stable. The method used in this study is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) with the study location in Indonesia and using annual data (time series) from 1984 to 2016. The research results show that remittances, population growth, and economic growth have a significant positive effect on unemployment, while investment has a significant negative effect on unemployment. In the end, the problem of unemployment cannot be resolved partially but need to jointly encourage all possible variables for the solution.
Transferring knowledge from human-demonstration trajectories to reinforcement learning

Nowadays, transfer learning (TL) has become a crucial technique to accelerate the slow optimization procedure of reinforcement learning (RL) by re-utilizing knowledge acquired in a previous related task. Nevertheless, most of the current relevant research acquires knowledge through RL training in the source task, which would be too time-consuming. In view of this situation, in this paper, we propose a novel TL framework where the agent extracts knowledge from human-demonstration trajectories of the source task and reuses the knowledge in RL in the target task. As for what to transfer, two forms of knowledge deduced from the demonstration trajectories, which are the k-nearest neighbour of the current state in source samples and visit frequency of homologous states, are adopted. For how to transfer, the two forms of knowledge are respectively used to recommend a preferred action when random exploration is needed and to shape an instantaneous reward for RL. Simulation experiments of balancing Cart-Poles with different difficulties suggest that both the two forms of knowledge accelerate the learning process of RL obviously. What is more, the effect is even more significant when they are used in combination. In this case, the experimental results manifest the positive role of our framework in RL.
Patterns and Correlates of Dissatisfaction with Government Performance in the Gauteng City-Region, South Africa: A Comparison across Three Government Spheres

With an increasing focus on the need to enhance government performance across the world, this paper explores dissatisfaction with the performance of three spheres of government in the Gauteng City-Region (GCR), South Africa. This paper uses the 2013 Quality of Life (QoL) survey data to examine spatial patterns and correlates of dissatisfaction with government performance as well as whether significant correlates that explain dissatisfaction with government performance vary across the three spheres of government. Results show significant spatial clustering in the levels of dissatisfaction across all three spheres of government, with more significant clustering in the local sphere, followed by the provincial and national spheres. The central core of Gauteng exhibits the lowest levels of dissatisfaction, whilst a clustering of high levels of dissatisfaction occurs in the southern areas. While spatial analysis revealed variation in the correlates across the three spheres, common correlates were also discernible. These include: the percentage of respondents dissatisfied with their dwelling, average sense of safety, average score access to services, percentage of respondents who agree politics is a waste of time, and percentage of respondents who agree that the country is going in the wrong direction. The disjuncture between perceptions of government performance and satisfaction with services is evident in this paper's results.
EXAMINING CHRISTIAN LISTENERS’ ROLE IN GOSSIP: A RELATIONAL DILEMMA

Three studies were conducted to explore Christians’ beliefs and responses to listening to gossip. This research framed gossip as a co-constructed conversation between speaker and listener. Listening to gossip was examined through the dual lenses of personal goals and societal listening norms. Results revealed that Christians believe listening to gossip is harmful to themselves, the gossip target, and the gossip speaker. And yet, many listen and contribute to gossip. Personal goals for approval and inclusion as well as societal supportive listening norms exert pressure to listen to gossip. When respondents addressed gossip, they tended to do so indirectly.
Using the Synthetic Biproportional Projector for the measurement of structural change in Ireland

This paper analyses changes in the industrial structure of Ireland between 1975 and 1985. Confining our analysis to the inter-industry matrix, we use the Synthetic Biproportional Project method, which has significant advantages compared with the more traditional input- output coefficients or the RAS method. The results highlight, inter alia, the weak linkages between "strategic industries" such as office machinery and chemicals and the rest of the Irish economy.
Wedding Expenses by the Malay-Muslim Community: An Investigation into the Sources of Expenditure

The contemporary Malay community is increasingly facing a wedding expenses issue following the existence of various pre-wedding preparations, including the demand of customary rites and current reception trends. In order to face this issue, preparing a source of expenditure is one of the elements that should be considered much earlier. Thus, by not prioritising matters related to the source of expenditure, it could have an effect on managing expenditure. Hence, this study explored the sources of wedding expenditure among the Malay-Muslim community. This study was qualitative in nature and involved 30 couples selected through the purposive method, who then participated in a semi-structured personal interview session. The recording of the interview was transcribed and analysed according to the thematic method as stipulated in this study. By using the ATLAS.ti version 7.5. 6. software, the data were investigated and later coded and categorised based on the characteristics of the data in order to adduce the themes related to the phenomenon being studied. The findings showed that there were four sources of expenditure used by the respondents in the study, namely savings, contributions, loans and special funds. Out of the four, three are endorsed by Islam, except loans.
Accounting and Management of Zakat, Infak/ Sedekah (Case Studies of Zakat Institutions in Medan City)

This study aims to determine the role of the application of zakat, Infaq / Sadaqah (ZIS) accounting in the management of ZIS in ZIS management institutions so that the contribution of ZIS to improve community welfare is achieved. This research was conducted at the ZIS management institution in Medan City. The study also looks at whether the ZIS management agency regulates the preparation of financial reports as a medium of accountability for its operational activities. This study uses questionnaires and interviews in collecting data. The research sample was the management staff of Amil and ZIS from the ZIS management institution in the city of Medan. The results showed that subjective attitudes and norms had no effect on interest in managing ZIS using PSAK 109.
Investing for urban-rural migration: the role of education

Abstract Neither clear theoretical interpretation nor empirical validation of public educational investment to urban-rural migration or urbanization exists comprehensively. This paper comprehensively analyzes the relationship between public educational investment and urban-rural migration to fill in this niche. We first discuss the theoretical effect of public educational investment and urban-rural migration. Although public educational investment results in distortion and may hinder economic development in the short term, it will still benefit the economy due to its positive long-term impact on human capital. These benefits include a higher level of urban-rural migration and a deepening level of capital accumulation. The empirical evidence using China’s data, where we control for confounding factors, take into account endogeneity of public educational investment and investigate the mechanisms behind the relation, confirms our theoretical discussion. This paper is of great significance in understanding China’s past process of urban-rural migration.
Outstanding Room-Temperature Hydrogen Gas Detection by Plasma-Assisted and Graphene-Functionalized Core–Shell Assembly of SnO2 Nanoburflower

Here, we have reported the synthesis of three-dimensional, mesoporous, nano-SnO2 cores encapsulated in nonstoichiometric SnO2 shells grown by chemical as well as physical synthesis procedures such as plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, followed by functionalization with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the surface. The main motif to fabricate such morphology, i.e., core–shell assembly of burflower-like SnO2 nanobid is to distinguish gases quantitatively at reduced operating temperatures. Electrochemical results reveal that rGO anchored on SnO2 surface offers excellent gas detection performances at room temperature. It exhibits outstanding H2 selectivity through a wide range, from ∼10 ppm to 1 vol %, with very little cross-sensitivity against other similar types of reducing gases. Good recovery as well as prompt responses also added flair in its quality due to the highly mesoporous architecture. Without using any expensive dopant/catalyst/filler or any special class of surfactants, these unique SnO2 mesoporous nanostructures have exhibited exceptional gas sensing performances at room temperature and are thus helpful to fabricate sensing devices in most cost-effective and eco-friendly manner.
The Role of Universities' Electronic Management in Achieving Organizational Excellence: Example of Al Hussein Bin Talal University

The study aimed at identifying the level of applying electronic management and the organizational excellence atAl-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU). It also attempted to predict the organizational excellence level through thedegree of applying electronic management. The study sample consisted of (249) administration members (academicmanagers, managers) at AHU. The study tool considered two sections: the first concerned measuring the level ofapplying electronic management with regard to three dimensions (administrative, materialistic, and technical); thesecond concerned identifying the organizational excellence level with regard to three dimensions (leadershipexcellence of university management, human staff excellence, and services excellence). A descriptive methodologywas used to accomplish the study objectives.The study results showed that the level of applying electronic management at AHU is average with regard toadministrative and technical dimensions, while it is poor regarding the materialistic dimension. It also revealed that thelevel of organizational excellence is average on the leadership excellence dimension but poor on human staffexcellence and services excellence dimensions. The study includes detailed analysis of the classified variables (workposition, experience years, work place). Linear regression analysis also showed that the level of organizationalexcellence achievement's degree can be predicted through identifying the degree level of applying electronicmanagement at AHU.
Macroeconomic Consequences of Tariffs

We study the macroeconomic consequences of tariffs. We estimate impulse response functions from local projections using a panel of annual data that spans 151 countries over 1963-2014. We find that tariff increases lead, in the medium term, to economically and statistically significant declines in domestic output and productivity. Tariff increases also result in more unemployment, higher inequality, and real exchange rate appreciation, but only small effects on the trade balance. The effects on output and productivity tend to be magnified when tariffs rise during expansions, for advanced economies, and when tariffs go up, not down. Our results are robust to a large number of perturbations to our methodology, and we complement our analysis with industry-level data.
Exchange Rate Pass-Through and Dynamic Oligopoly : An Empirical Investigation

This paper explicitly takes into account the dynamic oligopolistic rivalry among source producers to evaluate the degree of exchange rate pass-through. Using recent time-series techniques for the case of imported automobiles in Switzerland, the results show that prices are strategic complements and that the degree of pass-through is lower in the long run than in the short run. We attribute this to the fact that, although some rivals match long-term price changes, others do not, inducing the producer who faces a change in exchange rate to absorb a greater proportion of the variation.
The diversity of labor market institutions and entrepreneurship

Substantial literature demonstrates that flexible labor market institutions promote entrepreneurial activity. We re-evaluate this finding by considering the complementarity between institutions as advocated by the varieties of capitalism literature. We study the relevance of labor market regulations, wage-setting institutions and social security, and their complementarity for different types of entrepreneurial activity in 19 European countries and the USA. Two findings stand out. First, the four distinct bundles of labor market institutions characterizing Europe support different forms of entrepreneurial activity, and that innovative entrepreneurial activity also exists in less-flexible and -regulated labor market arrangements. Second, the relationships between single labor market institutions and entrepreneurial activity vary across the four institutional constellations. Therefore, to promote entrepreneurship in Europe, there is a need for tailored reform strategies that consider the diversity of the institutional constellations.
Autonomous learning of ball passing by four-legged robots and trial reduction by thinning-out and surrogate functions

This paper describes an autonomous learning method used with real robots in order to acquire ball passing skills in the RoboCup standard platform league. These skills involve precisely moving and stopping a ball to a certain ob-jective area and are essential to realizing sophisticated cooperative strategy. More-over, we propose a hybrid method using “thinning-out” and “surrogate functions” in order to reduce actual trials regarded as unnecessary or unpromising. We verify the performance of our method using the minimization problems of several test functions, and then we address the learning problem of ball passing skills on real robots, which is also the ﬁrst application of thinning-out on real environments.
Effects of temporal sound on computer-based learning

This research addressed the problem of inattention to critical information from the computer interface by focusing on software solutions using sound. Temporal sound was designated for empirical study. Temporal sound is spoken information provided about a future or past event that presents highlights and details about static or moving visuals. Current interest in authoring, constructivist instructional design and verbal information learning tasks suggested endorsement of these areas as the experimental platform. Two studies were conducted using a sequential hypermedia learning environment based on feedback from a formative evaluation with 27 post-secondary students. In the first study, 56 subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: sound, sound/text or text. Multivariate analyses indicated that subjects in the sound and sound/text conditions summarized more highlights and details than those in the text condition. The expectation that subjects using sound would be more motivated was not confirmed. The second study applied the same treatment conditions with 12 subjects. A protocol analysis indicated that temporal sound affected their constructive ability. Subjects in the sound/text treatment summarized more highlights and details than those in the sound or text treatments. Several inferences were drawn from these studies. First, temporal sound helped sound and sound/text subjects attend to screen information. Second, intentional use of a mouse in the sound treatment could be interpreted as either gaining initial access or as analogous to scanning the text. Third, learning from this verbal-information program was better with a sequential presentation than an elaborative presentation. Fourth, subjects in all treatments were better able to focus attention and begin the knowledge creation process with multiple answer, open-ended tasks and suggestive rather than error-contingent feedback. Finally, prior training and practice with equivalent modality-specific software provided a more reliable baseline from which to assess modality effects.
Wettability Modulation of Graphene Nanodrums by Current Bias

In this work, an array of nanopores (diameter: 1000 nm, depth: 200 nm) is fabricated in silicon oxide (SiO2) substrate. The contact angle (CA, ~ 83.3o) of water droplet (1 μL) on the SiO2 nanopore array is found larger than that (~ 61.5o) on normal SiO2, indicating that the SiO2 nanopore array has changed the surface wettability of SiO2. Then a few-layer graphene membrane is synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and transferred onto the SiO2 nanopore array, many graphene nanodrums (GNs) are formed. The CA of water droplet on GNs is measured to be 94.0o, which shows that the surface wettability of SiO2 nanopore array has been changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic state by the graphene membrane. When a current is applied to flow through the graphene membrane, the CA of water droplet on GNs becomes smaller than 90o, which is a hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic transition. It is also found that the CA of water droplet on GNs decreases as the current increases. These above observations show that the wettability of GNs can be modulated by current bias. The mechanism for these experiment phenomena is discussed, which is attributed to the role of water electrolysis.
Teachers’ Technology Competency and Technology Integration in 1:1 Schools

Although school 1:1 computing programs have been around for over 20 years, the literature base on such programs remains sparse. Despite limited research on efficacy and implementation, 1:1 initiatives are increasingly popular in P-12 schools. The impact of these programs is not yet certain. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact that 1:1 schools had on teachers’ technology competency and instructional integration. Propensity score matching was used in order to have similar control (non-1:1) and treatment (1:1) schools in the sample. The final sample included 110 high schools and 922 secondary school teachers in the state of Iowa. Data were collected from public databases as well as from teacher surveys. The final data analysis was conducted using a multilevel model with three separate models for each of the dependent variables (competency and integration). Results indicated that teachers in schools with 1:1 student computing initiatives report higher levels of personal technology competency and classroom integration of learning technologies.