Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parallel debugging: An investigative study

In the simultaneous localization of multiple software faults, a parallel debugging approach has consistently been utilized. The effectiveness of a parallel debugging approach is critically determined by the type of clustering algorithm and the distance metric used. However, clustering algorithms that group failed tests based on their execution profile similarity with distance metrics such as Euclidean distance, Jaccard distance, and Hamming distance are considered to be problematic and not appropriate. In this paper, we conducted an investigative study on the usefulness of the problematic parallel debugging approach that makes use of k‐means clustering algorithm (that groups failed tests based on their execution profile similarity) with Euclidian distance metric on three similarity coefficient‐based fault localization techniques in terms of localization effectiveness. Secondly, we compare the effectiveness of the problematic parallel debugging approach with one‐bug‐at‐a‐time debugging approach (OBA) and a state‐of‐the‐art parallel debugging approach named MSeer. The empirical evaluation is conducted on 540 multiple‐fault versions of eight medium‐sized to large‐sized subject programs with two, three, four, and five faulty versions. Our results suggest that clustering failed tests based on their execution profile similarity and the utilization of distance metrics such as Euclidean distance is indeed problematic and contributes to the reduction of effectiveness in localizing multiple faults.
An adaptive clustering method detecting the surface defects on linear guide rails

ABSTRACT Linear guides are widely used in automation, aerospace production, and medical care. It is currently one of the most concerning issues how to monitor its surface quality in the manufacturing process automatically. Considering that it is difficult to achieve the automatic separation of complicated surface defects with mutual interference, a novel method is proposed to adaptively determine the center point of clustering and separates defects through using the density peaks and spectral multiple-manifold clustering(SMMC). First, for the extracted binary image of the surface defects, the principal component analyzer of mixed probabilities is used to estimate the local tangent space of each pixel. In addition, the similarity matrix between the local tangent space of each defect location is improved. Then, to overcome the problem that SMMC must manually determine the number of clusters, an improved method based on clustering by density peaks is presented to determine the clustering center point according to the similarity matrix. Finally, the pixels included in each principal component analyzer are assigned to different defect manifolds through SMMC. The surface defect locations ultimately achieve separation and detection. The experimental results show different defects with mutual interference on the surfaces can be automatically separated and more accurately detected.
Introduction to the Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Experimental Economics

Economics is an experimental science. Most modern universities now host a laboratory for economic experiments and many scholars who use the laboratory are also involved in field experiments. In addition, the field of neuroeconomics, a discipline that often uses laboratory experiments, is starting to gain ground in many universities. Though the field is relatively young, the use of laboratory and field experiments has grown exponentially since the pioneers in experimental economics started the discipline five decades ago. The organization of experimentalists, the Economic Science Association (ESA), was founded in 1986. While the first ESA Meetings in Tucson, Arizona witnessed fewer than 50 papers (Svorenčík, 2015), the 2018 International ESA Meetings in Berlin had a program with over 550 participants. The ESA started its own journal (Experimental Economics) in 1998, followed by a second journal (the Journal of the Economic Science Association) in 2015. Together these journals published 56 papers in 2017. This comes on top of the many experimental papers published in other journals (including 133 in the top five journals in economics in the five years between 2013 and 2017; see Gërxhani and Gereke, 2019). In short, experimental economics has become a large field. It is also a field where methodological discussions were rare, for a long time. From the beginning, there has been strong agreement about important methodological issues, such as the use of incentives and the ban on deception (see, for example, one of the first text books, Davis and Holt, 1993). Only over the past decade or two have methodological discussions about the experimental method become more common (e.g., a special issue of the Journal of Economic Methodology in 2005). However, they remained sporadic and partial and the discipline lacked a systematic overview of its methodological challenges and tools. This volume fills this gap. For this Handbook, we have gathered a variety of new methodological studies and discussions relevant for experimental economics in a broad sense. This includes laboratory and field experiments and methods related to neuroeconomics. Each chapter is an original contribution. We have aimed at a mix of established, leading authorities and young, talented scholars. Our goal was to combine practical methodological overviews, such as on software and recruitment tools, with discussions of important choices like deception and incentives, and relatively new developments such as replication and the emergence of novel equilibrium concepts. This has led to a division of this volume into five parts, devoted respectively to the basic methods of experimental economics, field experiments, neuroeconomics, applications to economic theory and policy, and experimental procedures. Throughout this volume, methodological issues at the core of experimental design and procedures are discussed. To set the stage for what follows, we list here a brief overview of various strengths and weaknesses of the experimental method in economics. Most
Descrambling DVB data according to ETSI common scrambling specification

In order to descramble sections of scrambled data interleaved with sections of unscrambled data in a transport stream of broadcast video data, while leaving the sections with the original timing relationship in the transport stream, a common data flow path is provided both for sections of scrambled data and sections of unscrambled data. Signal path loops 6,7; 8,9 include cipher means 62,64 to enable the descrambling of scrambled data, and a control state machine controls the flow of data through said common data flow path and said signal path loops to enable passage of unscrambled data sections and descrambling of scrambled data sections, while maintaining the desired relative positions of the data sections.
VisFM: Visual Analysis of Image Feature Matchings

Feature matching is the most basic and pervasive problem in computer vision and it has become a primary component in big data analytics. Many tools have been developed for extracting and matching features in video streams and image frames. However, one of the most basic tools, that is, a tool for simply visualizing matched features for the comparison and evaluation of computer vision algorithms is not generally available, especially when dealing with a large number of matching lines. We introduce VisFM, an integrated visual analysis system for comprehending and exploring image feature matchings. VisFM presents a matching view with an intuitive line bundling to provide useful insights regarding the quality of matched features. VisFM is capable of showing a summarization of the features and matchings through group view to assist domain experts in observing the feature matching patterns from multiple perspectives. VisFM incorporates a series of interactions for exploring the feature data. We demonstrate the visual efficacy of VisFM by applying it to three scenarios. An informal expert feedback, conducted by our collaborator in computer vision, demonstrates how VisFM can be used for comparing and analysing feature matchings when the goal is to improve an image retrieval algorithm.
Long-Range and High-Precision Fault Measurement Based on Hybrid Integrated Chaotic Laser

We propose a long-range, high-precision optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) technology based on the hybrid integrated short-external-cavity chaotic semiconductor laser (SCSL) which has the advantages of small volume, simple process, low cost, mass production, stable performance, and high yield. The chaotic signal generated by the hybrid integrated SCSL exhibits a certain extent of oscillations and fluctuates randomly in time series. It can be seen from the auto-correlation curve that the generated chaotic signal has no time-delay signature and the theoretical spatial resolution is 1 cm according to the full width of half maximum. In this letter, not only the measurement of multiple single reflection events but also the measurement of double-reflection events was realized, and the spatial resolutions at different distances were verified. Finally, the spatial resolution and range-independent breakpoints measurement has been realized, and the detection range of 76.54 km and the spatial resolution of 1 cm (7.7 million resolved points) have been experimentally demonstrated.
Design method of assembly architecture based on BIM Technology

With the deepening of economic development and the gradual development of sustainable development, the construction mode of assembly building with the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection has also been strongly supported and concerned by the state. To promote the better development of the assembly construction, it is particularly important for the research of BIM technology. In this paper, the design method of BIM and assembly architecture is expounded, and the concept of assembly architecture design based on BIM technology is considered.
A Novel Framework Based on Position Verification for Robust Myoelectric Control Against Sensor Shift

This study presented a novel framework to improve the robustness of pattern recognition-based myoelectric control algorithms against sensor shift, which was one of the obstacles for its practical applications outside controlled laboratory conditions. Different from the previous proposed methods, which mostly focused on improving the classification performance in the shift condition, this framework provided the functionality of verifying if the sensor position was shifted. If so, the user was enabled to adjust the sensor position before it affecting the following control. We demonstrated that one verification attempt could be completed in a short time (< 2 s) with a high accuracy (equal error rate, or EER< 5%). The control performance was theoretically proved to be improved after position verification. The simulated results of the experimental data from six sensors around the arm showed that with improved discrete Fourier transform (iDFT) feature, in most scenarios, smaller than five verification attempts (< 10 s) were needed to correct the sensor position from 1-cm shift perpendicular to muscle fibers. The performance after correction was comparable to that of a traditional method including additional training data from the expected shift positions. The proposed framework dealt with the sensor shift problem from the perspective of efficient position correction, potentially expanding the application of myoelectric control, especially with armband, in industry.
Coal Mine Video Data Detail Enhancement Algorithm Based on L0 Norm and Low Rank Analysis

Received: 12 December 2018 Accepted: 7 January 2019 Coal mine monitoring video image data is characterized by overall dark and blurry, low contrast, poor illumination, and a large amount of noise. The quality of the data directly affects the accuracy of the recognition algorithm, multi-scale decomposition method with noise suppression and structure protection is the core of the detail enhancement algorithm. The existing detail enhancement method based on L0 norm minimization only utilizes local structural information, and it is difficult to effectively filter the noise existing in the video data. Aiming at the existing problems, a coal mine monitoring data detail enhancement algorithm based on L0 norm and low rank analysis was proposed and achieved good results.
IN VITRO AND IN SILICO EVALUATION OF ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF N,N-DIMETHYLAMINOMETHYLFERROCENE

The aim of this stydy was to examine the interaction of DNA with the ligand N,N-dimethylaminomethylferrocene (NDF) in buffer phosphate solution (pH = 7.2) by electronic spectroscopy, electrochemical and molecular docking technics. The electrochemical results showed that the binding constant and free binding energy of the addauct DNA-NDF is equal to 1.48×10-4 and -23,81 KJ.mol-1 respectively. These results were in good agreement with those obtained from electronic spectroscopie assays; furthermore the interaction was also confirmed by the low value of diffusion coefficient of the bounded ligand 1.83×10-8 cm2.s-1 as compared to the free ligand 2.13×10-8 cm2.s-1. In addition the in silico study by molecular docking confirms the obtained in vitro results. Molecular docking further indicated that the ligand is binds to DNA via a hydrogen bond between ist nitrogen atom and the oxygen number 4 of the deoxyadenine of the DNA B-chain.
Reliability Modeling of AC Filter in UHVDC Link Based on Reactive Power Compensation and Harmonic Performance Evaluation

Considering reactive power compensation and harmonic performance evaluation, the reliability model of the AC filter (ACF) in ultra high-voltage direct-current link is newly proposed. The state-space models of the filters are combined by matrix description to obtain transfer rates among the states that represent the configuration schemes, i.e., the type and number of the available filters. The sensitivity model of the combined ACF subsystem is proposed to find out the weakest filter. Due to failure of the filters, both lack of reactive power compensation and harmonic current, which exceed the limit, cause loss of the transmission capacity. The fundamental and harmonic power flow models are proposed to quantify the compensated reactive power and evaluate the harmonic indices, by which the configuration schemes are grouped with the capacity levels (CLs) of the transmitted power and regrouped to satisfy the harmonic standards. The numerical results demonstrate that the transitions among 100% CL, 75% CL, and 50% CL to 0% CL appear, due to which, the configuration schemes, which are grouped by the reactive power compensation but do not satisfy the harmonic standards, are removed to the group of 0% CL.
Leveraging on the Cognitive Radio Channel Aggregation Strategy for Next Generation Utility Networks

Integrating cognitive radio into the current power grid is designed to enable smart communication and decisions within the grid. Communication within the grid is not feasible without channel(s) and most studies have emphasized the use of cellular spectrum. This study proposes a strategy that enables the use of television white space (TVWS) within the grid. To be specific, we propose using a next-generation utility network (Next-GUN), which leverages on the cognitive radio (CR) channel aggregation capability. This strategy enables the aggregation of idle TVWS into a usable channel, thus making the Next-GUN different from the traditional power network. Next-GUN differs in terms of security, reliability, self-awareness, and cross-layer compatibility to the interface, and conveys different traffic classes, thereby making it a hybrid system. It has no dedicated channel assigned to it, and hence, utilizes the idle TVWS opportunistically to transmit data. The proposed scheme was modelled as a Markovian process and analyzed using a continuous time Markov chain (CTMC). Extensive system simulations were performed to evaluate this proposed model and the corresponding comparison with the literature was done to see the improvement. The result of our comparisons shows that when channels are aggregated, more data/information are transmitted. In addition, the use of cognitive radios on a power network enables smart transaction because idle TVWS is utilized instead of congesting the GSM spectrum. Lastly, the power utility establishment can save the cost of paying for a licensed spectrum.
An Extended Broker Centric Dynamic Web Service Discovery and Composition Framework

With the extensive explosion of web services, the demand for highly reliable and available web services increases to satisfy business and personal needs. As the number of functionally identical web service increases on the web, web service selection and composition based on Quality of Service (QoS) has gained much attention. However, the existing dynamic web service composition architectures requires discovery of all functionally similar services, which consumes too much time. Instead, it can be possible to discover only those services which are highly reliable and thus included in composition. In this paper, an extended broker based framework along with its implementation methodology and experimental evaluation is presented. Broker based dynamic web service composition systems may be the best possible solution to avoid the problem of unavailability and reliability of service during runtime service composition. Also, it can improve the overall efficiency of system performance in terms of accuracy, reliability and availability of web services.
Robust Impedance-Matching of Manipulators Interacting With Uncertain Environments: Application to Task Verification of the Space Station's Dexterous Manipulator

A systematic design method is developed for the identification and control of a simulating robot in order to adjust its contact force and impact dynamics to match those of a reference robot when both robots couple to a similar physical environment with unknown impedance. The control architecture, which is based on closed-loop impedance matching between two robots, is utilized by a hydraulic robot testbed facility for high-fidelity task verification of the space station's dexterous manipulator without requiring contact dynamics modeling. First, the uncertain environment is modeled in terms of parameter uncertainty bounds for a class of environment impedances. Then, the control goal is specifically defined as to minimize the contact-force error between the two robots, where the contact force is caused either by time-varying operator commands or impacts due to a nonzero preimpact velocity. Next, a hierarchical control architecture is formulated in the general framework of linear fractional transformation system by making use of the frequency-domain specifications of the robots together with the environment's parameter uncertainty bounds. It is shown that the overall system uncertainty can be represented by a perturbation block in the feedback form, which can be specified by a block structure array by making use of a unitary transformation. Subsequently, a $\mu$-synthesis-based controller is developed and implemented to achieve the dynamical similarity while maintaining contact stability. Experimental results demonstrate that the simulating robot can generate high-fidelity contact-force profile and impulsive force for different environments without contact dynamics modeling.
Ordering due to quantum fluctuations in Sr2Cu3O4Cl2

${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}{\mathrm{Cl}}_{2}$ has ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{\mathrm{I}}$ and ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{\mathrm{II}}$ subsystems, forming interpenetrating $S\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1/2$ square lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnets. The classical ground state is degenerate, due to frustration of the intersubsystem interactions. Magnetic neutron scattering experiments show that quantum fluctuations cause a two dimensional Ising ordering of the ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{\mathrm{II}}$'s, lifting the degeneracy, and a dramatic increase of the ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{\mathrm{I}}$ out-of-plane spin-wave gap, unique for order out of disorder. The spin-wave energies are quantitatively predicted by calculations which include quantum fluctuations.
Implementation of 4-way Superscalar Hash MIPS Processor Using FPGA

Due to the quick advancements in the personal communications systems and wireless communications, giving data security has turned into a more essential subject. This security idea turns into a more confounded subject when next-generation system requirements and constant calculation speed are considered in real-time. Hash functions are among the most essential cryptographic primitives and utilized as a part of the many fields of signature authentication and communication integrity. These functions are utilized to acquire a settled size unique fingerprint or hash value of an arbitrary length of message. In this paper, Secure Hash Algorithms (SHA) of types SHA-1, SHA-2 (SHA-224, SHA-256) and SHA-3 (BLAKE) are implemented on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in a processor structure. The design is described and implemented using a hardware description language, namely VHSIC “Very High Speed Integrated Circuit” Hardware Description Language (VHDL). Since the logical operation of the hash types of (SHA-1, SHA-224, SHA-256 and SHA-3) are 32-bits, so a Superscalar Hash Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipelines (MIPS) processor are designed with only few instructions that were required in invoking the desired Hash algorithms, when the four types of hash algorithms executed sequentially using the designed processor, the total time required equal to approximately 342 us, with a throughput of 4.8 Mbps while the required to execute the same four hash algorithms using the designed four-way superscalar is reduced to 237 us with improved the throughput to 5.1 Mbps.
Perspectives on the role of materials in sustainable product design education

This paper discusses present and future roles of materials in sustainable design with a focus on design education. With a multifaceted understanding of materials, from an educational perspective, the challenge is to ensure that students are able to navigate within the materials in the design field and to reflect on its potentials and limitations in the process. Moreover, when further targeting materials within a design for sustainability agenda that is complex in itself, it has been observed that students find it overwhelming. Accordingly, the paper unfolds ways of understanding the role of materials in sustainable design education as a way to demonstrate the positions they can take as future designers. Based on a study conducted during a materials course in a sustainable design engineering program, research was done on how students perceive the role of materials in sustainable design. This was done by extracting statements from students’ final assessments that were framed as essays on the topic. The statements, clustered into categories, illustrated the diversity of approaches students take. For teaching, this underscores the necessity to not only apply a broad perspective in the field of materials in sustainable design, but also to emphasize the large degree of entanglement and interdependency between perspectives. To further discuss this in an educational context and to facilitate developing teaching within this topic, a space unfolding two frameworks, one that considers key competences in working with sustainability and another that discusses the increasing number of approaches embracing design for sustainability, was introduced as a means to describe the complexity in the field. The space was first used to position categories of students’ approaches from the empirical study, then expanded to propose four future roles of materials: as environmental impactors, as re-establishing connections, as moderators for social innovation and as media for critical and speculative design.