Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epithelial Sheet Response to External Stimuli

EPITHELIAL SHEET RESPONSE TO EXTERNAL STIMULI Yashar Bashirzadeh Old Dominion University, 2018 Directors: Dr. Shizhi Qian and Dr. Venkat Maruthamuthu Mechanical communication of adherent cells with their micro-environment is mediated by cytoskeletal and adhesion proteins. These mechanical links aid tissues in maintaining their coherence in the context of the surrounding extra cellular matrix (ECM). Epithelial tissues exert force on the ECM through integrin-based junctions and maintain their coherency through Ecadherin-based cell-cell junctions while dynamically undergoing collective migration. Such a complex network of communication involving the cell cytoskeleton and adhesion proteins modulates the tissue's response to external cues. Two distinct forms of such external stimuli are those of electrical and mechanical origin. Epithelial tissues quickly respond to physiologically relevant electric fields by moving toward one pole of the electric field. By pharmacological modulation of the actin cytoskeleton, we showed that the basic mechanism by which epithelial monolayers migrate is not altered by the application of external direct current (DC) electric field despite their directionality being biased toward the cathode. It was shown that the DC electric field controls monolayer migration by affecting cell polarity rather than the speed of cell migration. Epithelial islands respond to external mechanical signals by altering the traction force exerted on the substrate. Here, fourier transform traction cytometry (FTTC) showed that the traction force, strain energy, and sheet tension of micropatterned eipthelial islands increase upon the application of 10% uniaxial substrate stretch and continues to temporally increase. Interestingly, the sheet tension at the island mid-line parallel to the stretch direction reached levels similar to the sheet iii tension of the mid-line perpendicular to the stretch direction over time, indicating the island's tendency to homogenize its internal stress. Here, a modified protocol was used to measure the elastic properties of the soft silicon substrate required for FTTC. The validity of FTTC in quantification of the wall shear stress of small-scale flow-channels over a wide range of steady flow rates was also demonstrated.
Determination of Essential Oil Composition and Investigation of Phenolic Substance and Antioxidant Effect of “Helichrysum stoechas” from Hatay

Bu calisma, Hatay bolgesinden toplanan H. stoechas’in esansiyel yag bilesimi, antioksidan kapasitesi ve toplam fenolik icerigini belirlemek amaciyla yapilmistir. H. stoechas agirlikca % 13,55 nem icerigine sahipken, esansiyel yag icerigi agirlikca % 0,3 oraninda olup icerdigi on ucucu bilesik GC ile belirlenmistir. Agirlikli olarak ucucu bilesenler rosifoliol % 4,89, 3-metoksi-y-asaron % 34,69, elemisin % 3,24, miristisin % 23,35, apiol % 27,38’dir. Metanolde cozunen madde miktari % 15,3 olarak bulundu. Toplam fenolik madde konsantrasyonu 256,55 ± 3,7mg Gallik asit esdegeri/g olarak bulunmustur. DPPH serbest radikal supurme aktivitesi IC50 degeri 2,76 ± 44x10-2 mg mL-1 olarak bulundu. Metanolik ekstrenin inhibisyon degeri BHA ve BHT ile karsilastirildi. Ucucu yag, halusinojenik ozellige sahip elemisin ve miristisin acisindan zengindir. Elde edilen sonuclar, metanolik ekstraktinin fenolik madde bakimindan zengin oldugunu ve sentetik antioksidanlar BHT ve BHA’ya yakin bir antioksidan etkinlige sahip oldugunu gosterdi.
Soret coefficient of a sodium borate melt: Experiment with a vertical furnace and thermodynamic theory

The Soret effect or thermodiffusion is temperature-gradient-driven diffusion in a multicomponent system. A physical model to accurately predict the Soret coef ﬁ cient of oxide melts has not yet been proposed. Here, for the ﬁ rst time, we report a quantitative comparison between experiment and theory concerning the Soret coef ﬁ cient in binary glass-forming oxide melts. We measured the Soret coef ﬁ cient of 11Na 2 O ­ 89B 2 O 3 (mol % ) after 90- and 180-h heat treatment under a temperature gradient near 1200 K and estimated the Soret coef ﬁ cient for the steady state. We used a vertical furnace to reduce the effect of natural convection on the Soret effect by heating the sample from the top side. The Soret coef ﬁ cient estimated for the steady state near 1200 K was 5.12 © 10 ¹ 3 K ¹ 1 , whereas that obtained by the adjusted Kempers model, in which we adjusted the original Kempers thermodynamic model for binary oxide melts, was 6.09 © 10 ¹ 3 K ¹ 1 . The sign and order of magnitude were consistent, which suggests that the adjusted Kempers model is a promising model to explain the Soret effect and that the equilibrium thermodynamic parameters of partial molar volume, partial molar enthalpy, and chemical potential are important factors in the
First record of the Jean Rostand’s “anomaly P” in the marsh frog, Pelophylax ridibundus, in central Russia

1 Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Lenin sq. , 1, 424000 Mari El, Russia. 2 A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy pr. 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia. 3 Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. , 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia. 4 Dagestan State University, 3367000, Russia, Dagestan, Makhachkala, Gadzhiyev str. , 43-a. 5 “Privolzhskaya Lesostep” State Nature Reserve, Okruzhnaya str. , 12a, 440031 Penza, Russia. 6 Penza State University, Krasnaya str. , 40, 440026 Penza, Russia. 7 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, CP 30, 25 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.
Synthesis and crystallographic characterization of new heterotrinuclear oxo-centered complex

New oxo-centered trinuclear mixed-metal complex, of [Fe 2 ZnO(CHCl 2 CO 2 ) 6 (CHCl 2 CO 2 ) 3 ]. NO 3 was synthesized by the direct reaction between metal nitrates and dichloroacetic acid. These compounds have a typical μ 3 -oxo trinuclear structure: (a) three metal atoms are situated in the apexes of the equilateral triangle; (b) μ 3 -oxygen atom and six dichloroacetate ligands fulfil the bridge functions and (c) the monodentate CHCl 2 CO 2 ligands complete the octahedral geometry of the metal ions. This complex were characterized by elemental analyses (CHN), atomic absorption spectroscopy and spectral (IR, electronic) studies. This is new types of oxo-bridged mixed-metal complex in which the carboxylate ligand is dichloroacetic acid. The UV spectra of the complex exhibited strong bands in the region 213 and 257 nm which are related to the (π → π * ) and (n → π * ) transitions of the CHCl 2 CO 2 ligands, respectively. The IR spectra of this compound showed two strong stretching vibrations bands, indicating a bridging coordination mode of the carboxylic group by presence of ν asym (M 2 M'O) vibrations of the ligand in the infrared spectra. KEY WORDS : Oxo-centered, Trinuclear complexes, Carboxylic ligand, Crystallographic data, IR spectra Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2018 , 32(3), 491-500. DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/bcse.v32i3. 8
Effect of internode soaking in ascorbic and humic acids on growth characteristics of some sugar cane varieties under salinity stress

SUGARCANE ( Saccharum spp.) shows high sensitivity to salinity at various growth stages. A pot experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Center, Giza (latitude of 28.76 0N and longitude of 29.23 0E) under natural conditions in November 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The present work was carried out to find out the influence of four soaking treatments (without soaking, tap water, ascorbic and/or humic acid) and three levels of salt stress (tap water, 3000 and 6000ppm NaCl) on some growth traits of three sugarcane varieties (viz. G.84-47, G.2003-47 and G.2003-49). The concentration of both ascorbic and humic acid was 1.0mM. After soaking in ascorbic and/or humic acids, five pieces of 2-budded sets were grown in plastic pots (45x50cm) containing soil of clay mixed with sand at 2:1.Emergence %, growth measurements (stalk height, stalk diameter, leaf area, stalk fresh weight, stalk dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, total chlorophyll and proline content) were recorded. The results indicated that increasing salinity levels under all soaking treatments was accompanied with a gradual reduction in all studied traits of the evaluated sugarcane varieties, except proline content, which showed an opposite trend.Under conditions of this work, the commercial G.84/47 cane variety showed higher tolerance to raising salinity level up to 6000ppm in irrigation water over the other two ones. Meanwhile, soaking cane cuttings of the tested varieties in ascorbic and/or humic acids can be recommended to improve their growth traits when canes irrigated with saline water.
Identification of Reaction Mechanisms with a Dynamic PFR Model* *This work is supported by the Max-Buchner-Forschungsstiftung.

Abstract Abstract In this work, a dynamic model of a catalytic fixed bed reactor (FBR) based on partial differential equations (PDE) is introduced and used for the identification of reaction mechanisms which take place during the oxidation of sulfur dioxide over a vanadium pentoxid catalyst. The measured data is collected from a pilot plant, which uses commercial sized catalyst particles. In order to reduce the experimental effort, a developed framework based on the methods of nonlinear optimal experimental design is applied using a steady state FBR model. The systematic procedure is improved using a dynamic reactor model. This makes the time dependent measurement data valuable for the identification procedure.
Biogenic synthesis and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced by Phomopsis sp. strain GFPA2

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have many applications in different fields such as electronic industries, chemical industries, medical diagnostics and detergent products. In this research AgNPs were produced by Phomopsis sp. GFPA2 isolated from zinc mineral rocks, and were successfully synthesized by using fungal culture broth. The biogenic crystals were investigated and identified by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The spectra confirmed that the biogenic crystals were AgNPs, and they are mostly spherical in shape. The crystals were also tested for their antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli ATCC 27853, Pseudomonas aerogenosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus cereus ATCC 6633 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25623. The result showed that the biogenic AgNPs can inhibit the growth of both Gram positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, these biogenic AgNPs could be used to treat the infection caused by human pathogenic bacteria.
Comparison of outlier detection methods in standard 2 × 2 crossover design

This paper discussed methods for outlier detection in standard 2 × 2 crossover studies. Two outlier detection procedures were carried out based on residuals. Under a simplified model of 2 × 2 crossover design, we present the classical calculation of studentized residual (SR1) and propose a new studentized residual using median absolute deviation (SR2) to identify possible outlying subjects. The performances of both procedures in detecting subject outliers were compared. We show via simulation that a proposed procedure using SR2 is more powerful than that using SR1 for outlier detection. As an illustration, these procedures were applied to two real data sets from studies of bioavailability and kinesiology, respectively.
Density Functional Study on the Adsorption of 5-Membered N-Heterocycles on B/N/BN-Doped Graphene: Coronene as a Model System

Adsorption of seven 5-membered N-heterocycles on B/N/BN-doped graphene (with coronene as a model system) has been studied using density functional theory (DFT). The geometry of the complexes validated the involvement of both π···π stacking and N–H···π interaction in the adsorption process. The stability of the complexes is measured in terms of stabilization energy, and the results suggested that the complexes are stable enough (stabilization energies are in the range of 7.61–14.77 kcal mol–1). Studies confirmed the stability of complexes in the solvent phase too irrespective of the dielectric of the solvent. Dispersive force is the major mode of interaction in stabilizing the complexes. Natural bond orbital analysis indicated a small contribution from electrostatic and covalent interactions. Thermochemical analysis revealed that the complexation is exothermic in nature and favorable at a lower temperature. Adsorption of N-heterocycles exerts a nominal impact on the electronic properties of the undoped/doped graphene. The study presents a simple approach to introduce an arbitrary functionality to undoped/doped graphene by preserving its electronic properties.
Las técnicas de reproducción asistida en el Ecuador ¿hecho jurídico o acto jurídico?

La presente investigacion se enfoca en el analisis de la congruencia entre la normativa ecuatoriana en referencia a paises como: Espana, Francia, Mexico y Argentina en cuanto a la aplicacion de tecnicas de reproduccion humana asistida y su utilizacion, considerando las garantias establecidas por la Constitucion del Estado Ecuatoriano frente al conocimiento de derechos que de una u otra forma podrian admitir el uso de estas tecnicas como un medio generador de vinculo filial. Varios de los argumentos expuestos por cada pais como sustento y reflejado en lo que dispone cada una de las legislaciones, sirve como una herramienta para que el Estado ecuatoriano en lo que respecta al Derecho de Familia en el ambito de la filiacion, admita a este negocio juridico como una fuente viable para lograr lo antes mencionado, es por esto que el objeto de estudio se enmarca en la comparacion de dichas legislaciones, conjuntamente con el desarrollo cientifico y su realidad frente al amparo de la ley con el fin de no vulnerar ningun derecho y al mismo tiempo dejar de lado las instituciones juridicas atavicas para dar paso a una modernizacion legislativa, sin omitir el cumplimiento de los requerimientos legales.
Size–strain line-broadening analysis of the calcite-type borates ABO3 (A=Fe, In, Ga)

In this paper, the microstructure of metal borates grown by the solution-melt crystallization method was determined by X-ray diffraction broadening analysis. XRD measurements of the calcite-type borates were carried out using X-ray diffractometers SmartLab Rigaku and DRON-3 with Cu Kα radiation. The Williamson-Hall analysis and Debye–Sherrer method were used to study the individual contributions of crystallite sizes and strain on the peak broadening of FeBO3, InBO3 and GaBO3. The crystallite sizes of the FeBO3 and GaBO3 calculated on the Williamson–Hall plots are in good agreement with the Scherrer method. We have also investigated the temperature dependence of crystallite size and strain in FeBO3. It was found that the temperature increased in the value of crystallite size and strain, indicating that the ordering of the crystal structure in iron borate with heat processing.
FLORISTIC, STRUCTURE AND ECOLOGICAL GROUPS OF A TREE COMMUNITY IN THE ATLANTIC RAINFOREST AT SERRA DO MAR, SP, BRAZIL

FLORÍSTICA, ESTRUTURA E GRUPOS ECOLÓGICOS DE UMA COMUNIDADE ARBÓREA NA FLORESTA ATLÂNTICA, SERRA DO MAR, SP, BRASIL Neste trabalho, avaliamos a composição florística e estrutural de uma comunidade arbórea em um contínuo da Floresta Atlântica das Terras Baixas no sudeste brasileiro, acessando a distribuição das espécies entre grupos ecológicos. Para tanto, foram amostrados todos os indivíduos arbóreos com PAP≥15 cm, incluindo palmeiras e samambaias arborescentes, em um hectare, dividido em sub-parcelas de 10x10 m. A comunidade foi analisada por meio do índice de diversidade de Shannon e equabilidade de Pielou, e distribuição de suas espécies entre síndromes de dispersão e classes sucessionais. Registramos 1.120 indivíduos vivos distribuídos em 133 espécies de 41 famílias. As famílias mais ricas em espécies foram Myrtaceae (32 espécies), Fabaceae (12) e Rubiaceae (11), e Euterpe edulis a espécie mais abundante (11,1% do total). Na área de estudo, foram encontradas quatro espécies na lista espécies ameaçadas do Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil, e registrada uma dominância de espécies Zoocóricas (86,7% das espécies classificadas) e Não Pioneiras (73,5%). Os resultados gerais da estrutura e composição de espécies da comunidade foram similares à de outros levantamentos realizados na mesma região deste estudo. Por fim, nossos resultados corroboram a grande diversidade arbórea e uma dominância de espécies Zoocóricas e Não-Pioneiras em contínuos de Floresta Atlântica. Palavras-chave: classe sucessional, floresta ombrófila densa, diversidade, síndrome de dispersão. ABSTRACT:The present study evaluated the floristic and structural composition of a tree community in a Lowland Atlantic Rainforest along a forest continuum in Brazilian southeast, assessing the species distribution among ecological groups. For this purpose, we sampled all trees with PBH≥15 cm, including palm trees and tree ferns, in a total area of one hectare, divided into subplots of 10x10 m. The studied community was also analyzed through the Shannon diversity index and Pielou equability, and its species distribution among dispersal syndromes and successional classes. We recorded 1,120 living individuals distributed in 131 species of 40 families. The richest families were Myrtaceae (32 species), Fabaceae (12) and Rubiaceae (11), and Euterpe edulis was the most abundant species (11.1% of the total). In the study area, there were found four species on the Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil and recorded a dominance of zoochoric species (86.7% of species classified) and non-pioneers (71.6%). The general results of the community structure and species composition were similar with other surveys carried out in the same region of this study. Finally, our results corroborate the great diversity of trees and a dominance of zoochoric and non-pioneer species in the Atlantic Rainforest continuous.Keywords: dispersal syndromes, diversity, ombrophilous dense forest, successional groups.
Conversion of Carbon Monoxide into Methanol on Alumina-Supported Cobalt Catalyst: Role of the Support and Reaction Mechanism—A Theoretical Study

Density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate the step-by-step hydrogenation of carbon monoxide (CO) to form methanol over a Co4 cluster/Al2O3 surface. A three-dimensional Co4 tetrahedral structure was selected to explore its interaction with the supporting Al2O3 (104) surface. Co4 chemically reacted with Al2O3 to form a new chemical system. The calculated results show that Al2O3 support has strengthened the Co4 catalyst during the reaction since the formation of the Co–O bond. Loading Co4 on the Al2O3 surface increases CO adsorption ability but decreases the dissociation ability of C–O to produce hydrocarbons. As such, CH3OH formation becomes more favorable both kinetically and thermodynamically on Co4/Al2O3. In CO hydrogenation, methanol was synthesized through a CO reaction with hydrogen via either an Eley–Rideal or Langmuir–Hinshelwood pathway to form the intermediates C*-O-H, H-C*-OH, H2-C*-OH, and finally the hydrogenation of H2-C*-OH to methanol with both hydrogenation steps forming C*-OH and final product as rate-limiting. These results showed that the interaction between Co, Al2O3 and H2 pressure can change the pathway of CO hydrogenation on Co/Al2O3 and it may, therefore, influence distribution of the final products.
Isolation of pure pinosylvins from industrial knotwood residue with non-chlorinated solvents

Abstract The aim of the study was to find appropriate non-chlorinated solvent systems for the extraction and separation of pure pinosylvin (PS) and pinosylvin monomethylether (PSMME) from Scots pine/Norway spruce wood residues. The extraction was performed in a pressurized solvent extractor and the purification and isolation of pure substances was done by flash chromatography. More precisely, pure PS was isolated via sequential flash chromatography in two repetitions in the gradient mode of the mobile phase, with cylcohexane (CX) and ethylacetate (EtOAc), beginning with 100% CX and ending up with 100% EtOAc. The extractives were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in terms of PS and PSMME contents by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy.
Environmental and physiological controls over carbon and oxygen isotope variations in plants

Small variations In the natural abundance of stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in terrestrial ecosystems can provide important information about plant and ecosystem responses to environmental change. However, application of such variations requires a quantitative understanding of isotopic fractionations caused by plants. The aim of this thesis was to provide a better understanding of the biological and physical fractionation of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes during some physiological processes in plants. Key results are as follows: • Phloem water was found to be enriched in 0 relative to xylem water. However, the enrichments were rather variable among species, with Lupinus angustifolius and Ricinus communis, two herbaceous species, showing larger enrichments than Eucalyptus globulus, a long-lived, woody species. Results suggest that the potential influence of 0-enriched phloem water should be considered when interpreting 0/1 0 of organic material in herbaceous plants. • Leaf water 0 /0 was found to be more enriched at night than predictions of a steady state leaf water model under field conditions in both Lupinus angustifolius and Eucalyptus globulus. A non-steady state modification of the leaf water model resulted in improved predictions of nighttime leaf water 0 /0 in both species. • Correlated changes were observed in phloem sap sugar concentration and phloem sap sugar C/C in response to variation in plant water potential in Eucalyptus globulus. Results suggest that measurements of phloem sap sugar concentration may provide a simple, easily-obtained indicator of plant water status. • The 0 /1 0 of phloem sap sugars exported from photosynthesizing Ricinus co,nmunis leaves was found to be very close to that predicted for organic molecules in equilibrium with average lamina leaf water. Similar results were obtained for Eucalyptus globulus in the field. • Consistent variations in leaf organic material 0 /1 0 and C/ C between parasitic plants and their hosts were observed among different functional types of parasitic plants growing in southwestern Australia. In some cases these variations ere easily interpretable using existing models of plant organic
A Framework for Investing with Altruism

I propose and develop a framework for the financial economic analysis of investing with altruistic preferences. A key part of the framework is the precise definition of different forms of impact and, in particular, investor impact. This has several practical implications including that investor impact is not a measurable, rival good but rather a decision-making tool that should be carefully and independently assessed by each investor. I also introduce the concept of total portfolio returns, which capture all effects relevant to an investor's mission including financial, impact, and strategic returns and mission-correlated premia. The adaptability and coherence of this framework makes it suitable for both further research and practical applications.