Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel role for the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO7 in axon-myelin interaction

The regulated turnover of proteins is an essential aspect of every cell. Cells must be able to respond to environmental changes or undergo different developmental stages, while still maintaining a balanced protein homeostasis. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a major intracellular regulator of the protein homeostasis and is responsible for protein degradation and quality control. Dysfunctions of the UPS have been linked to various neurodegenerative diseases and opened up a new perspective on the disease-causing mechanism in these disorders. The E3-uniquitin ligase FBXO7 is part of the UPS and is expressed throughout the brain, predominantly in the cortex, hippocampus and substantia nigra, as well as in the white matter of the cerebellum and corpus callosum. Mutations of the Fbxo7 gene (PARK15) are known to cause an early-onset form of Parkinsonism with a broad spectrum of symptoms, which are collectively referred to as Parkinsonian-Pyramidal syndrome. So far, the role of FBXO7 in the nervous system is not fully understood and while recent studies focused on the function of FBXO7 in neurons, its importance in myelinating cells has not been investigated. Although myelinating cells are as equally important to the function of the nervous system as neurons, little is known about the relevance of the UPS in myelinating cells. In my project, I investigated the importance of FBXO7 for myelinating cells and its impact on the axon-myelin interaction. Therefore, we generated the Cnp1Cre/+;Fbxo7fl/fl mouse line, in which FBXO7 was deleted from myelinating cells. The phenotype of Cnp1Cre/+;Fbxo7fl/fl mice displayed severe motor deficit and premature death. Interestingly, I showed that deletion of Fbxo7 did not induce significant changes in myelination, however severely affected the integrity of axons. Moreover, deletion of Fbxo7 from Schwann cells affected the survival of axons in the PNS to a greater extent, than the integrity of CNS axons, when deleted from oligodendrocytes. In order to elucidate the post-developmental contribution of FBXO7 to the maintenance of the axon-glia interaction, I further generated the Tamoxifen–inducible Plp1CreERT2/+;Fbxo7fl/fl mouse line, in which FBXO7 was deleted from myelinating cells once myelination was completed. I found FBXO7 to be less crucial, however still relevant for the function of myelinating cells regarding axonal support, once myelination was completed. Concluding from my results, I demonstrate the vital importance of FBXO7 for myelinating cells, particularly during development. Furthermore, I showed that FBXO7 is essential for the maintenance of the axon-myelin interaction, especially in the PNS.
Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Myrmecophaga tridactyla from Brazilian Savanna

Abstract Myrmecophaga tridactyla, popularly known as giant anteater, is a member of Xenarthra magnorder which is under the threat of extinction. Herein, we describe the complete mitochondrial genome of M. tridactyla. The circular DNA molecule is 16,546 bp long, contains 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a non-coding Control Region of 1110 bp. All protein-coding genes are on the heavy strand, except for Nd6. Ten of the 13 PCGs contained an ATG start codon.
Is the Sharia supervisory board a friend or an enemy of Islamic banks?

Purpose This paper is an empirical study of the effect of the characteristics of the Sharia supervisory board (SSB) on the financial performance of Islamic banks. Design/methodology/approach Using 42 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Islamic banks outside the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and non-Islamic countries during the 2011/2018 period, a random-effects generalized lease square method for the regression analyzes is applied. Findings The obtained results show that the characteristics of the SSB affect the financial performance of Islamic banks. The results also affirm that a large-sized board of directors and the number of SSB meetings improve banking performance while the cross-mandate seems to destroy it. On the other hand, the SSB members’ competence and reputation and the proportion of women sitting in SSB have no impact on the financial performance of Islamic banks. Research limitations/implications This paper gives a comprehensive literature survey on the effect of the characteristics of the SSB on the financial performance of Islamic banks. Practical implications This study offers insights into the practitioner and Islamic banking regulators interested in enhancing the legitimacy of corporate governance in Islamic financial institutions. Originality/value This paper is among the few studies that investigate the effect of the characteristics of SSB on the financial performance of Islamic banks in particular in Islamic banks in the MENA region outside the GCC and in non-Islamic countries.
Intrinsic Connectivity Changes Mediate the Beneficial Effect of Cardiovascular Exercise on Sustained Visual Attention

Abstract Cardiovascular exercise (CE) is an evidence-based healthy lifestyle strategy. Yet, little is known about its effects on brain and cognition in young adults. Furthermore, evidence supporting a causal path linking CE to human cognitive performance via neuroplasticity is currently lacking. To understand the brain networks that mediate the CE–cognition relationship, we conducted a longitudinal, controlled trial with healthy human participants to compare the effects of a 2–week CE intervention against a non-CE control group on cognitive performance. Concomitantly, we used structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural mechanisms mediating between CE and cognition. On the behavioral level, we found that CE improved sustained attention, but not processing speed or short-term memory. Using graph theoretical measures and statistical mediation analysis, we found that a localized increase in eigenvector centrality in the left middle frontal gyrus, probably reflecting changes within an attention-related network, conveyed the effect of CE on cognition. Finally, we found CE-induced changes in white matter microstructure that correlated with intrinsic connectivity changes (intermodal correlation). These results suggest that CE is a promising intervention strategy to improve sustained attention via brain plasticity in young, healthy adults.
National Conference on Conservation Agriculture ( ITM University , Gwalior on 22-23 February , 2018 ) Effect of salinity on leaf health and total leaf chlorophyll contents of Bael ( Aegle marmelos Correa . ) Cultivars

Salinity is considered as the most important abiotic stress limiting fruit production and fruit plants such as bael is known to survive under this stress by involving many mechanisms. In this context, the present study was carried out to evaluate the impact of salinity on leaf health and chlorophyll content in five bael cultivars i.e. NB-5, NB-9, CISHB-1, CISHB-2 and Pant Aparna. Thus, an experiment was carried out at horticultural farm and laboratory of Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The salinity levels induced stress on bael seedlings were 5.40 dSm , 9.20 dSm, 13.30 dSm and 16.80 dSm. Results showed that increasing salinity stress, for all cultivars, had a negative impact on leaf and chlorophyll contents. Cultivar NB-5 satisfactorily tolerated highest salinity level (16.80 dSm) comparing to other cultivars by less accumulation of salts in their leaves and showed higher level (1.85 mg/g fresh weight basis) of chlorophyll content in bael leaves. NB9 and CISHB-also maintaining usually higher values of both the parameters and consider as medium salinity tolerant.
Impact of Host Plants on Genetic Variation in the Bactrocera tau (Diptera: Tephritidae) Based on Molecular Markers

Abstract The adaptation to novel host plants is an important factor that facilitates spread of tephritid fruit flies and formation of new biotypes. Bactrocera tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a significant pest and member of the Tephritidae family that has expanded its normal host range from Cucurbitaceae to many other plant families. The objective of this study was to monitor the impact of novel host plants on genetic variation in B. tau. In this study, under laboratory conditions, we examined genetic variation based on microsatellite molecular markers of B. tau when development occurred on one novel host (banana) and two traditional hosts (pumpkin and cucumber) for 15 continuous generations. Analysis of molecular variance showed that the genetic difference (10.39%) among populations feeding on the various hosts was significant, but not among populations from different generations. It appears that host food, more than population generations, played a critical role in genetic variation of B. tau. The effect of hosts on genetic variation of B. tau was greater on the novel host compared with the traditional Cucurbitaceae hosts. The significant genetic variation of the banana-feeding populations was reflected in difficulties of balancing in frequency of gene and genotype, reduced genetic diversity, and more divergent genetic difference.
Sports facilities’ location and participation in sports among working adults

ABSTRACT Research question Most people spend a large part of their adult life at work. This study investigated how access to sports infrastructure near workplaces is related to the sports participation of working adults, compared with access to sports infrastructure near their homes. Research methods This study used data from a quantitative household survey conducted in 2017. The sample comprised 4006 individuals (including 2147 working adults) aged ≥15 years, representing the entire adult population of Russia. Logistic regression models were performed to estimate the role of infrastructure and individual characteristics in sports participation. Results and findings Only a quarter of Russian adults were regularly involved in sports. The sports participation of Russian adults was attributed to their individual characteristics (gender, age, education, health, and family characteristics) and access to sports infrastructure located near their homes and workplaces. For working adults, access to sports infrastructure near their workplaces was associated with a 12 percentage points increase in the probability of sport participation compared with an 8 percentage points increase associated with access to sports infrastructure near their homes. Implications There is a need to improve working adults’ access to sport facilities. Developing sports infrastructure close to workplaces may have an even stronger potential effect on sports participation among working adults, than investing in infrastructures close to their homes. It can result in additional benefits for workers, employers, and sports providers.
Spatiotemporal pattern of interactions between an apex predator and sympatric species

Increases in apex predator abundance can influence the behavior of sympatric species, particularly when the available habitat and/or resources are limited. We assessed the temporal and spatiotemporal interactions between Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi) and six focal sympatric species in South Florida, where Florida panther abundance has increased by more than 6-fold since the 1990's. Using camera trap data, we quantified species' diel activity patterns, temporal overlap, and time-to-encounter (i.e., time between consecutive visits of a Florida panther and a focal species and vice versa). The Florida panther and bobcat (Lynx rufus) displayed a nocturnal activity pattern; the black bear (Ursus americanus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) were mostly diurnal; and the raccoon (Procyon lotor) was cathemeral. Prey species and black bears minimized encounters with Florida panthers by being active during the day and displaying longer time-to-encounter, whereas Florida panthers visited a site after a prey species at higher probabilities than after competitor species, and were more likely to visit an elevated site or upland habitat. Our results suggest that interactions between Florida panthers and sympatric species in our study system are driven by species-specific behavioral responses. Gaining a better understanding of the crucial interactions driving species coexistence is important for a better understanding of the structure and function of ecological communities and help manage the potential expansion of the Florida panther into Central Florida.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth parameters of taro (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum)

A field experiment was conducted at the horticultural cum research farm, under AICRP on Tuber Crops, Department of Horticulture, IGKVV, Raipur (C.G.) during kharif season of 2007. The whole experiment comprised of 9 treatments of Colocasia received nutrient combinations along with control. The cormels (plating material) of Colocasia were planted in randomized block design with three replications. The data revealed that the highest average plant height (72.60 cm) was recorded in T4: FYM (10 t/ha) + Neem cake (10q/ha). As respect to number of tillers per plant showed that the maximum no. of tillers (6.0) was recorded in T3: Vermi compost (200kg/ha) + 75% of recommended dose of NPK.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Cyrtomium fortunei (Dryopteridaceae), an important medical fern

Abstract The complete chloroplast genome of an important medical fern Cyrtomium fortunei has been sequenced. Its genome is 151,699 bp in length with a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 23,875 bp), separated by a small single copy region (SSC, 21,625 bp) and a large single copy region (LSC, 82,324 bp). It contains 132 genes, covering 88 protein coding genes, 35 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes, and one pseudogene. Maximum likelihood analysis indicates that the phylogenetic tree is monophyletic with three clades. Cyrtomium fortunei is closely related to C. devexiscapulae, which further forms a sister clade to C. falcatum.
Strategies to Produce Chlorinated Indole‐3‐Acetic Acid and Indole‐3‐Acetic Acid Intermediates

Tryptophan and indole derivatives are common precursors in many natural biosynthetic pathways. In recent years it has been shown that the substrate specificity of tryptophan halogenases is much more relaxed than previously thought. Using the tryptophan 7-halogenase PrnA, the tryptophan 6-halogenase ThdH, and the tryptophan 5-halogenase PyrH we achieved the regioselective mono-halogenation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which has not been reported as a substrate of tryptophan halogenases to date. The tryptophan 5-halogenase gene was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana leading to the formation of 5-chlorotryptophan, 5-chloroindole-3-acetonitrile and 5chloro-3-indole acetic acid by A. thaliana. PyrH activity could also be demonstrated for the plant-produced halogenase in vitro. These results show the potential of flavin-dependent halogenases to generate novel halogenated auxins or other secondary metabolites in vitro and in vivo by plants.
Fluctuations of the Sea Level, Caused by Gravitational and Infra–Gravitational Sea Waves

In the article we analyzed the results of processing experimental data of the range of surface gravity sea wind waves (2–20 s) and the range of infra-gravitational sea waves (30 s–10 min), obtained on the laser meter of hydrosphere pressure variations. The laser meter of hydrosphere pressure variations was installed for a long time on the bottom at different points of the Sea of Japan shelf. This paper presents the results of the analysis of swell waves caused by the KOMPASU typhoon, which passed over the Sea of Japan on 2–3 September 2010. Several mechanisms of the generation and propagation of waves with different periods during the typhoon movement are considered. In the course of the analysis, we studied the connection between variations of the main periods of gravitational sea waves with the dispersion and the Doppler effect, variations of speed and direction of the wind in a typhoon zone. The nonlinearity of the process of wave period change caused by dispersion is estimated. In the combined analysis of variations of hydrosphere pressure in the ranges of gravitational and infra-gravitational sea waves, we studied their energy relationships and determined regional infra-gravitational sea waves, which make a significant contribution to the energy of the infra-gravitational range.
Secchi depths in lakes of Cape Cod National Seashore from 1996–2016 and relationships with morphometry, water chemistry, and housing densities

ABSTRACT Smith SM, Fox SE, Lee KD, Medeiros K, Plaisted HC. 2017. Secchi depths in lakes of Cape Cod National Seashore from 1996 to 2016 and relationships with morphometry, water chemistry, and housing densities. Lake Reserv Manage. 34:88–103. The landscape of Cape Cod (Massachusetts, USA) is scattered with numerous freshwater lakes (known as kettle ponds) that offer abundant recreational opportunities and provide important habitat for a wide variety of flora and fauna. The rapid urbanization of Cape Cod has been cause for concern regarding potential impacts on these waterbodies. Septic system delivery of nutrients to the ponds and atmospheric nitrogen deposition from fossil fuel combustion has been high for many decades in this region. These systems have also undergone significant shifts in pH and temperature due to regional changes in air quality and climate warming. All factors have the potential to alter pond trophic state and, consequently, water clarity. In this study, we examined August trends in kettle pond Secchi depths within Cape Cod National Seashore from 1996 to 2016. We further analyzed relationships by regression analysis between recent (2013–2014) measurements of Secchi depths and water quality constituents, physical features, shoreline housing densities, and the occurrence of gulls, fish stocking, and herring spawning. This provided a “snapshot” portrait of the current state of these ponds and their functioning. The results suggest that water clarity has remained unchanged or has even increased over the last 2 decades. Water clarity was negatively related to deep-water nutrient concentrations (total nitrogen and phosphorus), which themselves were negatively correlated with pond depth. The occurrence of gulls and anadromous and stocked fish populations had no apparent effect on water clarity, nor did any of the variables that described housing densities around ponds.
Syntactic development across genres in children's writing: the case of adverbial clauses

Corpus linguistic methods can provide detailed and statistically robust information about how children's written language develops as they progress through their education. Such data can inform both models of written language development and curricular policies and practices. To this end, the current paper focuses on subordination as a key site of syntactic complexity. Using a corpus of 240 texts written by children aged 6 to 16 in England as part of their regular school work, it quantifies how the most common type of subordinate clause (the adverbial clause) varies across year groups and genres in terms of frequency, internal complexity and semantic function. A complex developmental picture emerges with length and frequency of finite vs. non-finite clauses changing in distinct ways across primary vs. secondary education. These patterns are found to be closely related to disciplineand genre-specific developments in the main functions for which adverbial clauses are used.
Measuring Spatial Accessibility of Urban Fire Services Using Historical Fire Incidents in Nanjing, China

The measurement of spatial accessibility of fire services is a key task in enhancing fire response efficiency and minimizing property losses and deaths. Recently, the two-step floating catchment area method and its modified versions have been widely applied. However, the circle catchment areas used in these methods are not suitable for measuring the accessibility of fire services because each fire station is often responsible for the fire incidents within its coverage. Meanwhile, most existing methods take the demographic data and their centroids of residential areas as the demands and locations, respectively, which makes it difficult to reflect the actual demands and locations of fire services. Thus, this paper proposes a fixed-coverage-based two-step floating catchment area (FC2SFCA) method that takes the fixed service coverage of fire stations as the catchment area and the locations and dispatched fire engines of historical fire incidents as the demand location and size, respectively, to measure the spatial accessibility of fire services. Using a case study area in Nanjing, China, the proposed FC2SFCA and enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) are employed to measure and compare the spatial accessibility of fire incidents and fire stations. The results show that (1) the spatial accessibility across Nanjing, China is unbalanced, with relatively high spatial accessibility in the areas around fire stations and the southwest and northeast at the city center area and relatively low spatial accessibility in the periphery and boundary of the service coverage areas and the core of the city center; (2) compared with E2SFCA, FC2SFCA is less influenced by other fire stations and provides greater actual fire service accessibility; (3) the spatial accessibility of fire services is more strongly affected by the number of fire incidents than firefighting capabilities, the area of service coverage, or the average number of crossroads (per kilometer). Suggestions are then made to improve the overall spatial access to fire services.
Culture and Density Effects on Tree Quality in Midrotation Non-Thinned Loblolly Pine Plantations

Six non-thinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) culture × density study sites in the Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain of the Southeast U.S. were used to examine the effects of two cultural intensities and three planting densities on solid wood potential as well as the proportion and position of product-defining defects (forks, crooks, broken tops). A tree quality index (TQI) was used to grade stems for solid wood potential. The results show that an operational management regime exhibited a higher proportion of trees with solid wood product potential than did a very intensive management regime. Trees subject to operational management exhibited product-defining defects higher on the stem; however, the proportion of stems with defects was not significantly different from the intensive management. Planting densities of 741, 1482, and 2223 trees per hectare (TPH) exhibited a relatively narrow range of the proportion of trees with solid wood product potential that were not significantly different. Density did not have a significant effect on the heights of the product-defining defects. These results show that management intensity and less so planting density, affect the solid wood product potential indicators evaluated and should be considered when making management decisions.