Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectral response of Josephson junctions with low-energy quasiparticles

We study nanowire-based Josephson junctions shunted by a capacitor and take into account the presence of low-energy quasiparticle excitations. These are treated by extending conventional models used to describe superconducting qubits to include the coherent coupling between fermionic quasiparticles, in particular the Majorana zero modes that emerge in topological superconductors, and the plasma mode of the junction. Using accurate, unbiased matrix-product state techniques, we compute the energy spectrum and response function of the system across the topological phase transition. Furthermore, we develop a perturbative approach, valid in the harmonic limit with small charging energy, illustrating how the presence of low-energy quasiparticles affects the spectrum and response of the junction. Our results are of direct interest to on-going experimental investigations of nanowire-based superconducting qubits.
HUMAN AS A PHYSIOLOGICAL SOURCE OF DETERIORATION OF THE AIR QUALITY AND COMFORT CONDITIONS INDOORS

It is imperative a model be developed that can assess the difference between the amount of CO2, generated within the human body and the amount of CO2 that is ejected by the body as a function of indoor air parameters. This model would allow the assessment of the amount of the CO2 which is not ejected by the body through exhalation and which have to be neutralized and ejected by the body through other mechanisms or have to be accumulated in the body depots. Currently, there is no experimental data that allows for predicting the amount of CO2, ejected through the blood gas exchange in the lungs as a function of CO2 concentration in the inhaled air. Our study, conducted within the AIRMEN project, aims to research the phenomenology of the human body as a physiological source of the deterioration of both the indoor environment and conditions of comfort and in particular on the indoor air quality. It is based on an experimental investigation of the external result from the human body metabolism and gas exchange in the lungs. The results of this study make it possible to logically define the limits of the permissible CO2 concentration in the indoor air for the different air quality categories indoors.
Performance Comparison of 3 Kwp Solar Panels Between Fixed and Sun Tracking in Palembang - Indonesia

Photovoltaics or also called solar cell is a technology that can be used directly into electrical energy in DC currents. The voltage generated by solar cells on available solar radiation. Photovoltaic systems can be improved by several methods, one of which is by installing solar panels. The pattern is mounting with solar tracking system into a solution to increase energy efficiency. This paper is a case study to analyse and compare the performance of different photovoltaic systems in its mounting pattern. Analysis and comparison of the photovoltaic (PV) system consist of 3 KWp Fixed Mounting Photovoltaic and 3 KWp Sun Tracking Photovoltaic with the same type of silicon monocrystalline. The solar photovoltaic system is located in Plaju Palembang (South Sumatra, Indonesia) where the daily irradiation rate is 4.96 kWh / m2. To find out the power production rate, data collection is done for three months in December 2017, January 2018 and February 2018. During the rainy season like December 2017, Fixed Installation of Photovoltaics has greater than 0.4% Sun Tracker Photovoltaic. In the dry season, Sun Tracker Photovoltaic has 0.5% greater interference than Photovoltaic Fixed Mounting. The maximum efficiency in Photovoltaic Fixed Installation is 12.4%, while the maximum efficiency of Sun Tracker photovoltaic is 13%.
Relationship between gene polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme and lung cancer in Henan Han population

Objective To explore the relationship of the distribution of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme(MTHFR)C677Tand A1298 Cwith lung cancer in Han population in Henan.Methods The genotype of MTHFR was detected by PCR-RFLP method in 202 cases of lung cancer(cancer group)and 202 health volunteers(control group)to analyze the gene frequency and distribution of MTHFR C677 Tand A1298C.Results The frequencies of CC,CT and TT of MTHFR C677 Twere 26.7%,50.5%and 22.8%in cancer group,and 34.2%,55.4%and 10.4%in control group,showing significant differences in TT subtype(P0.05)and no significant differences in CC and CT subtypes between two groups(P0.05). The odds ratio was 2.542 for lung cancer in those carrying TT genotype,and 95%CI was from1.453 to 4.444. The frequencies of AA,AC and CC of A1298 Cwere 27.2%,52.5%and 20.3%in cancer group,and32.2%,50.5% and 17.3% in control group,showing no significant differences between two groups(P0.05). Conclusion The TT subtype of MTHFR C677 Tgene is obviously correlated with lung cancer and A1298 Cis not correlated with lung cancer.
GPT: Scalable geophysical survey data analysis and visualisation

Summary Geophysical survey datasets used for resource exploration and detection are large in volume, dense in time and space, and have many dimensions. We present the Geophysics Processing Toolkit (GPT), an application for processing geophysical survey data prior to interpretation and inversion. Initially developed as a processing toolkit for airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data, our application can be extended to beyond electromagnetics processing and inversion to incorporate multiple geophysical datasets such as gravity and magnetics. Interactive visualisation and signal processing tools make the process more efficient. We have developed the GPT using a cross-platform technology stack designed to work in a containerized environment in a Cloud and accessible via a web browser. This approach makes it intrinsically scalable and cost-efficient to operate. The toolkit architecture allows for a greater degree of extensibility offering a range of interactive visualisations and integration of a suite of signal processing tools for noise detection and removal. Modern visualisation technologies allow the software to run on a standard workstation or a laptop while efficiently delegating all computationally-intensive tasks to the accompanying Cloud-based processing unit. Decoupling of visualisation components from cloud compute and storage nodes allows on-the-fly substitution of analytical codes, e.g. forward modelling, inversions. This brings greater flexibility in experimental research through the ability to apply various numerical methods and compare results via elaborate visualisations and through the application of statistical methods. Delegation of computing tasks and storage requirements to a third-party cloud provider (a) minimizes procurement and maintenance costs of computing/storage infrastructure and (b) eliminates clients’ privacy concerns as data are stored and processed in an isolated cloud environment.
Economic MPC of Wastewater Treatment Plants: Distributed Computing and Model Reduction

Wastewater treatment plays an important role in the sustainable development of our society. A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is typically a large-scale nonlinear process composed of several interconnected operating units. To meet the strict environmental regulations, to ensure the operation safety and to reduce the operating cost, it is highly desired to monitor and operate WWTPs effectively. However, significant variations in the inlet flow rate and wastewater compositions have made the monitoring and control of WWTPs a very challenging task. Centralized economic model predictive control (EMPC) approach has been proposed to improve the control performance based on the economic considerations. However, the high computational complexity caused by solving the associated EMPC optimization problem can render the online implementation of this method intractable. In recent years, the distributed framework has been considered to be a promising framework to improve the applicability of EMPC for large-scale processes. Model linearization and model order reduction are also widely used to reduce the computational complexity of complex control problems. This thesis focuses on improving the computational efficiency of EMPC for WWTPs. Two distributed EMPC designs are presented in this thesis. In the first design, the centralized model is used in each subsystem EMPC controller design; and in the second design, a subsystem model is used in each subsystem EMPC design. The performance of these two distributed EMPC designs are compared with a centralized model predictive control (MPC) scheme and a centralized EMPC scheme from different aspects including effluent quality, operating cost, and computational efficiency. It is found through vast simulations that the distributed EMPC with subsystem controller designed based on the entire system model is more favorable in terms of control performance.
Comparison of NDVI and NDRE Indices to Detect Differences in Vegetation and Chlorophyll Content

This paper reports a field-scale study to detect differences in the amount of vegetation and chlorophyll content of crops using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fitted with a multispectral camera. The purpose of this study, on the experimental farm of Niigata University, Niigata, Japan, was to identify poorly-growing areas of vegetation that might require additional soil fertilizer. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference red edge (NDRE) were obtained from five spectral band images (red, green, blue, infrared (NIR) and red edge (REDGE)) that were processed by software into a full image map. We used the image map obtained to analyze the farmland and identify variations in the greenness of plants. We compared two layers with different indices and indicated differences in vegetation activity for NDVI and NDRE. NDVI showed visible green color wherever vegetation was present. With NDRE we observed crops with low chlorophyll content, indicating nitrogen limitation in the leaves. These observations demonstrate the efficacy of using NDRE as a sensitive index for monitoring chlorophyll content. Therefore, we propose that different indices may be most useful for different crops, plant density, seeding rates and growth stages.
Role Reversal

Utilizing theories of social confrontation, this study explores communication shifts in family dynamics during emerging adulthood, focusing on the motivations, barriers, and emotional outcomes of health-related confrontations between emerging adults and their parents. Results indicated that emerging adults’ perceived legitimacy and urgency of health concerns play important roles in the emotional expression in their health confrontations as well as their impact on parents’ future health behaviors, suggesting that emerging adulthood can be a critical time of communicative role-reversal when children begin to prepare themselves for their eventual roles as caregivers for aging parents. Theoretical implications, practical applications, and areas for future research are discussed.
Coseismic Slip and Early Afterslip of the M6.0 24 August 2014 South Napa, California, Earthquake

We employ strong motion seismograms and static offsets from the Global Positioning System, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, and other measurements in order to derive a coseismic slip and afterslip model of the M6.0 24 August 2014 South Napa earthquake. This earthquake ruptured an ∼13‐km‐long portion of the West Napa fault with predominantly right‐lateral strike slip. In the kinematic seismic slip inversions, we couple the coseismic slip and afterslip distributions by requiring both distributions to involve right‐lateral strike slip with positive amplitude, with the net static slip being the sum of the two. We consider several candidate fault geometries: a first involving two steeply east dipping fault planes that reach Earth's surface at the western surface trace (STW), where most surface rupture was observed, a second involving a steeply west dipping plane that also reaches Earth's surface at the STW, and a third involving a combination of two variably west dipping planes constrained to pass through the locus of postseismic seismicity located ∼1 km west of the STW. The data are best fit using the model of two east dipping fault planes, with coseismic slip up to ∼1.2 m on a dominant shallow asperity about 10 km north of the hypocenter and on deeper asperities on the southern part of the rupture. Afterslip up to 1 m is concentrated along the southern part of the rupture at depths ≲ 5 km, consistent with surface observations of afterslip. Seismic moments associated with coseismic slip and afterslip are 1.13×1018 N m (Mw 6.00) and 3.64×1017 N m, respectively.
MRI of demyelinating pseudotumor of the central nervous system

Objective To describe the MR manifestations of demyelinating pseudotumor of the central nervous system (CNS), and to discuss the pathologic features and MR diagnostic value and limit in this disease entity. Methods Seven pathologically proved and one clinically proved cases of demyelinating pseudotumor of CNS were studied with MR imaging, and the MR imaging features were retrospectively analyzed. Results MR imaging demonstrated localized mass without adjacent multiple accompanying lesions in all 8 cases. On T 1WI, the lesions showed homogenous low signal in 5 cases, inhomogenous low signal in 2 cases, and mixed high and low signal in 1 case. On T 2WI, the lesions presented as homogenous high signal in 5 cases and inhomogenous high signal in 3 cases. Of the 7 cases with Gd DTPA administration, marked enhancement was seen in each case. The enhancement pattern of vertical distribution to the lateral ventricle was demonstrated in left frontoparietal lobe in one case, and predominant dorsal white matter enhancement of the cervical spinal cord was revealed in another case. Follow up MR imaging showed no lesion recurrence, and gradual shrinkage of the lesion after steroid therapy was demonstrated in one case. Conclusion It is a difficult task to make the correct diagnosis of CNS demyelinating pseudotumor based on the clinical information and imaging findings, and this disease entity is often misdiagnosed as tumor by MR imaging. Thorough analysis of the clinical history and careful observation of MR manifestations (especially contrast enhanced MR findings) would be helpful in diagnosing the demyelinating pseudotumor and, in such circumstances, providing test steroid therapy, thus avoiding the devastating injury caused by surgery or radiation therapy.
Coastal Altimetry: A Promising Technology for the Coastal Oceanography Community

Satellite altimetry has been one of the most important implements for physical oceanographers. The conventional altimeter is best performed over open ocean surface, yet there are many attempts to exploit the potential of altimetry in coastal zone in the last decade. To achieve a high performance for coastal altimetry is a multi-fold effort: the more sophisticated instrument concepts, the smarter onboard trackers, the more expert data editing criteria, the more specific retracking algorithms, the more advanced error correction methods, etc. In this chapter, each of the above aspects is described in detail, and some representative works in the altimetry community are reviewed. Particularly, the coastal altimetry offshore Hong Kong is addressed as a case study to demonstrate the potential of the new technology. In the conclusive session, some prospects for the coastal oceanography community are presented.
Joint estimate of the co-seismic 2011 Tohoku earthquake fault slip and post-seismic viscoelastic relaxation by GRACE data inversion

Satellite-derived gravity data offer a novel perspective for understanding the physics of megathrust earthquakes at subduction zones. Nonetheless, their temporal resolution and observational errors make it difficult to discern the different phases of the seismic cycle, as the elastostatic deformation (co-seismic) and the stress relaxation by viscous flow (post-seismic). To overcome these difficulties and to take advantage of the physical constraints on the temporal evolution and on the spatial pattern of the earthquake-induced gravity disturbances, we have jointly estimated the fault slip of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and the rheological stratification by means of a Bayesian inversion of GRACE data time series and within the framework of spherically symmetric self-gravitating compressible viscoelastic Earth models. This approach, in addition to improve the exploitation of satellite-derived gravity data, allows us (i) to constrain the fault slip taking advantage of information from both the co- and post-seismic signatures and (ii) to investigate the trade-off between the fault slip and the shallow rheological stratification. In this respect, it can be used to improve the modelling of crustal displacements from GPS data, even if their higher accuracy and temporal resolution allow to discriminate well the co-seismic signature from the others.
Site formation processes and urban transformations during Late Antiquity from a high‐resolution geoarchaeological perspective: Baelo Claudia, Spain

To understand abandonment processes and secondary uses of public buildings is a key‐challenge to recognize the scope of the urban transformations in Roman cities during Late Antiquity. In this sense, administrative and religious public spaces such as the fora underwent a great variety of transformations resulting in the genesis of a complex stratigraphy of anthropogenic and natural deposits. Baelo Claudia is a well‐known Roman city located in the Atlantic coast of southern Spain. Recent excavations in the forum have provided new data that elucidate Late Roman urban transformations. In this study, we use archaeological soil micromorphology, physico‐chemical analyses and geochemistry to investigate site formation processes and to document nontraditional forms of occupation not visible in the macroscopic archaeological record. This methodology allowed for the distinction of several anthropogenic activities such as glass recycling, reflooring practices, plundering of ornamental marbles, middening of organic and penning residues, together with the progressive decay of earth‐based constructions. The complex superposition of site formation processes seen at Baelo Claudia underlines the role of micromorphology in the identification of behavioral signatures and its relevance in deciphering urban transformation in Late Antiquity.
Prioritizing Archaeological Inventory and Protection with Predictive Probability Models at Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, USA

To prioritize archaeological site inventory and protection at Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (Glen Canyon NRA), predictive probability models were developed using the Random Forests machine learning method. Glen Canyon NRA consists of approximately 5,000 km2 in Arizona and Utah containing evidence of multiple prehistoric cultures spanning at least 10,000 years. Large portions of Glen Canyon NRA have never been inventoried for archaeological resources. Archaeological sites are potentially subject to irreparable damage along roads and receding Lake Powell shorelines accessible to off-road vehicles and boats. The diverse cultural history, highly variable physiographic environments, archaeological site data inconsistencies, and limited available model variable data provided challenges. Model results improved by classifying sites, based on their inferred usage, and distinguishing distinct physiographic regions within the larger NRA landscape. Model results are being used to target ongoing field surveys. Initial validation is positive, with new sites discovered in areas of predicted high probability.
Thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid energy system using geothermal and solar energy sources with thermal storage in a residential building

Residential buildings in Canada require remarkable heating loads in the winter. Many homeowners potentially consider more cost effective and environmentally‐benign solutions, including solar energy systems, in order to replace fossil fuels. However, this might not be efficient because many cities are exposed to minimum solar radiation resulting in large surface area of solar panels. Therefore, a hybrid energy system is designed to combine five photovoltaic thermal solar panels, a 300‐m geothermal loop, and 9463.53‐kg water of phase change material thermal battery storage for a residential building of 325 m2 total floor space in the city of Oshawa, Canada. The building has maximum heating and cooling loads of 13.8 and 8.7 kW, respectively. A thermodynamic analysis is applied to the system in January and the whole year. It was found that the solar panels can supply thermal energy and electrical power of 8 and 50 W, respectively, in January, while the geothermal and thermal storage energy can provide 16.8 and 9 kW over the year, respectively. The hybrid system requires an additional heating load of 1.85 kW from the furnace. The overall energetic and exergetic coefficient of performance of the system are estimated to be 54.58% and 3.34% in the winter and 42.6% and 4.47% in the summer, respectively.
Accuracy of simple clinical and epidemiological definitions of childhood obesity: systematic review and evidence appraisal

Introduction and Aim The optimum means of defining obesity in children is unclear, creating variation in practice, and hindering obesity surveillance, prevention and treatment. The authors aimed to review evidence on the use of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference for diagnosis of high body fat content and adverse cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Methods A systematic literature review was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE from January 2002 to January 2008, following our last systematic review of this topic (to end 2001–2002). 1 The authors collected evidence in 0–18 year olds which compared the accuracy of BMI vs waist circumference, and compared BMI interpreted relative to national reference data vs BMI interpreted relative to Cole/International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) international reference data.2 Reference lists of all eligible papers in the search and from recent guidelines on paediatric obesity were all checked manually for additional studies. Studies were only included if “diagnostic accuracy” of BMI and/or waist were reported (summary statistics such as sensitivity and specificity; area under the curve; predictive values; ROC, analysis). Evidence was appraised using the Quality Assessment of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy in Systematic Reviews method.3 Results Ten studies compared diagnostic accuracy of BMI vs waist circumference: they reported no improved identification of adverse cardiometabolic risk profiles from waist circumference over that provided by high BMI. Eight studies compared BMI with national reference data vs the international approach: 5/8 found significantly poorer accuracy (lower sensitivity) using BMI with the international approach; 3/8 found similar sensitivity; in 7/7 studies which compared specificity this was similar. Conclusion The present review provides no compelling evidence for use of either high waist circumference or BMI interpreted using the IOTF approach in preference to the use of national BMI percentiles for the identification of children and adolescents with excess fatness and adverse cardiometabolic risk profile.