Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Innovative Water Management Technology to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Produced Water

Clemson University with Chevron as an industry partner developed and applied treatment technology using constructed wetland systems to decrease targeted constituents in simulated and actual produced waters to achieve reuse criteria and discharge limits. Pilot-scale and demonstration constructed wetland treatment system (CWTS) experiments led to design strategies for treating a variety of constituents of concern (COCs) in produced waters including divalent metals, metalloids, oil and grease, and ammonia. Targeted biogeochemical pathways for treatment of COCs in pilot-scale CWTS experiments included divalent metal sulfide precipitation through dissimilatory sulfate reduction, metal precipitation through oxidation, reduction of selenite to insoluble elemental selenium, aerobic biodegradation of oil, nitrification of ammonia to nitrate, denitrification of nitrate to nitrogen gas, separation of oil using an oilwater separator, and sorption of ammonia to zeolite. Treatment performance results indicated that CWTSs can be designed and built to promote specific environmental and geochemical conditions in order for targeted biogeochemical pathways to operate. The demonstration system successfully achieved consistent removal extents even while inflow concentrations of COCs in the produced water differed by orders of magnitude. Design strategies used in the pilot-scale and demonstration CWTSs to promote specific conditions that can be applied to designing full-scale CWTSs include plant andmore » soil selection, water-depth selection, addition of amendments, and hydraulic retention time (HRT). These strategies allow conditions within a CWTS to be modified to achieve ranges necessary for the preferred biogeochemical treatment pathways. In the case of renovating a produced water containing COCs that require different biogeochemical pathways for treatment, a CWTS can be designed with sequential cells that promote different conditions. For example, the pilot-scale CWTS for post-reverse osmosis produced water was designed to promote oxidizing conditions within the first wetland cell for nitrification of ammonia, and the subsequent three cells were designed to promote reducing conditions for denitrification of nitrate. By incorporating multiple wetland cells in a CWTS, the conditions within each cell can be modified for removal of specific COCs. In addition, a CWTS designed with multiple cells allows for convenient sample collection points so that biogeochemical conditions of individual cells can be monitored and performance evaluated. Removal rate coefficients determined from the pilot-scale CWTS experiments and confirmed by the demonstration system can be used to calculate HRTs required to treat COCs in full-scale CWTSs. The calculated HRTs can then be used to determine the surface area or ? footprint? of a full-size CWTS for a given inflow rate of produced water. « less
A Ka-band tunable LNA for MB-OFDM application

In this paper a novel tuneable LNA is presented. This LNA is designed with two separated structures which both of them utilize noise cancellation technique and some other approaches such as gain boosting and T-transformer feedback. Each proposed LNA has two stages that the ﬁrst stage is designed based on noise cancellation and the second stage uses common gate structure. The proposed LNA type (A) utilises the switched capacitance in the ﬁrst stage to tune the centre frequency and a gain boosting in the second stage to increase the gain. The second proposed LNA type (B) has implemented the parallel networks to decrease the change in the gain values of the LNA in different channels. The T-transformer approach is used in each parallel network to decrease the inductors value and improve the input matching. In the second stage, the negative feedback is also employed to control the bandwidth. The proposed LNA is simulated in ADS software with TSMC 130 nm CMOS technology and the layout is designed by Cadence. The LNA type (A) has 22.7 dB gain in 28.8 GHz and the noise ﬁgure of 2 dB. The IIP3 for this LNA is 0 dBm in 25.42 GHZ. For the LNA type (B), the gain and noise ﬁgure standard deviations are 0.25 and 0.057 respectively which shows minimum by tuning. For this LNA, the maximum gain is 20.5 dB and the noise ﬁgure is 2 at 31.42 performances of the proposed LNAs have compared with those of LNAs published.
A new species of Cricosaurus (Thalattosuchia, Metriorhynchidae) based upon a remarkably well-preserved skeleton from the Upper Jurassic of Germany

Herein we describe a new and exceptionally well-preserved skeleton of the metriorhynchid thalattosuchian Cricosaurus from the upper Kimmeridgian Torleite Formation of Painten in Bavaria (Southern Germany). The specimen is articulated, shows soft-tissue preservation, and represents one of the most complete metriorhynchid skeletons known. The exceptional preservation allows us to explore the morphological variation of the tail region in the Metriorhynchidae, a part of the skeleton that has long been neglected. Based on our description and phylogenetic analyses, we name this specimen Cricosaurus albersdoerferi sp. nov. Our phylogenetic analyses recover a Cricosaurus subclade composed of four species from Southern Germany and one from Argentina. We provide revised diagnoses for the Southern German members of this subclade, revealing the presence of at least four closely-related Cricosaurus species in the upper Kimmeridgian-early Tithonian of Southern Germany. Interestingly, within this subclade there is evidence of rapid change in tail construction and feeding ecology. However, there is no evidence of sympatry between these taxa, and the two species known from the same ammonite subzone are exclusively found in different northernTethys lagoons. Most interesting, however, is the variation in the skulls, dorsal neural spines, the tail displacement units, and flukes between these different species. This previously unexplored variation within Metriorhynchidae hints to differences in locomotory abilities between different species. Sven Sachs. Naturkunde-Museum Bielefeld, Abteilung Geowissenschaften, Adenauerplatz 2, 33602 Bielefeld, Germany, and Im Hof 9, 51766 Engelskirchen, Germany. Sachs.Pal@gmail.com Mark T. Young. School of GeoSciences, Grant Institute, University of Edinburgh, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE, UK. Mark.Young@ed.ac. uk Pascal Abel. Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Eberhard-KarlsUniversität Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany pascal.abel@ifg.uni-tuebingen.de], Heinrich Mallison. Palaeo3D, Dorfstr. 11, 86641 Rain am Lech, Germany and CeNak, Universität SACHS ET AL.: A NEW Cricosaurus SPECIES 2 Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. mallison@palaeo3d.com
Electrochemiluminescence Determination of a Specific Sequence of the BCR/ABL Gene Related to Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia with a Ferrocene-Labelled Molecular Beacon and a Gold Nanoparticle (AuNP)-Luminol-Silica Nanocomposite

Abstract A signal-off electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was developed for the determination of specific sequence of BCR/ABL gene related to chronic myelogenous leukemia based on a mesoporous gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-luminol-silica nanocomposite and the catalytic effect of ferrocene on luminol ECL. Luminol and silica were electrodeposited on the electrode surface and AuNP was deposited on the luminol-silica hybrid film to form the AuNP-luminol-silica nanocomposite film. The AuNP-luminol-silica nanocomposite on the surface provided stable ECL. Ferrocene labeled molecular beacon (Fc-MB) was assembled onto the surface of AuNP-luminol-silica nanocomposite through Au–S bond. After the hybridization of molecular beacon with target DNA, the opening of the stem of Fc-MB caused ferrocene to be away from the electrode surface, which resulted in the decrease of ECL intensity. Accordingly, a signal-off ECL DNA biosensor was developed based on the linear relationship between the reduced ECL intensity and the concentration of the target DNA. Under the selected conditions, the ECL intensity decreased linearly with the logarithm of the concentration of target DNA from 1.0 × 10−15 to 1.0 × 10−9 mol/L with a detection limit of 4.6 × 10−16 mol/L.
Simultaneous Resolution and Determination of Aesculin and Aesculetin in Cortex Fraxini by Emission-Excitation Matrix Fluorometry Coupled with Alternating Trilinear Decomposition Algorithm

A simple and fast excitation-emission matrix fluorometry coupled with alternating trilinear decomposition algorithm has been developed for simultaneous determination of aesculin and aesculetin in powdered cortex fraxini. Their correlation coefficients are 1.000 and 0.998,respectively. The relative errors of both repetitious determination are 2.01% and 2.21%,respectively.
Evaluation of NASA POWER Reanalysis Products to Estimate Daily Weather Variables in a Hot Summer Mediterranean Climate

This study aims to evaluate NASA POWER reanalysis products for daily surface maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures, solar radiation (Rs), relative humidity (RH) and wind speed (Ws) when compared with observed data from 14 distributed weather stations across Alentejo Region, Southern Portugal, with a hot summer Mediterranean climate. Results showed that there is good agreement between NASA POWER reanalysis and observed data for all parameters, except for wind speed, with coefficient of determination (R2) higher than 0.82, with normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) varying, from 8 to 20%, and a normalized mean bias error (NMBE) ranging from –9 to 26%, for those variables. Based on these results, and in order to improve the accuracy of the NASA POWER dataset, two bias corrections were performed to all weather variables: one for the Alentejo Region as a whole; another, for each location individually. Results improved significantly, especially when a local bias correction is performed, with Tmax and Tmin presenting an improvement of the mean NRMSE of 6.6 °C (from 8.0 °C) and 16.1 °C (from 20.5 °C), respectively, while a mean NMBE decreased from 10.65 to 0.2%. Rs results also show a very high goodness of fit with a mean NRMSE of 11.2% and mean NMBE equal to 0.1%. Additionally, bias corrected RH data performed acceptably with an NRMSE lower than 12.1% and an NMBE below 2.1%. However, even when a bias correction is performed, Ws lacks the performance showed by the remaining weather variables, with an NRMSE never lower than 19.6%. Results show that NASA POWER can be useful for the generation of weather data sets where ground weather stations data is of missing or unavailable.
The Role of Teacher Agency in Promoting Inclusion in a Chinese Primary School

ABSTRACT The physical and educational exclusion of children with special educational needs and disabilities from effective and relevant education is a persisting issue in Chinese schools. To move beyond ‘lazy inclusivism’ and support authentic change towards inclusive education, this paper explores the wisdom of Chinese educators and investigates how inclusion can be interpreted and practised through a qualitative study in an inclusive urban school in East Coast China. The headteacher and eight teachers were interviewed. The findings give voice to teachers and highlight the importance of understanding inclusion in its broad sense as respecting and valuing all members of the school community. Specific strategies were also shared by participants such as parental involvement, teacher training, themed campus décor, emphasis on rich extra-curriculum activities, and the innovation of ‘micro-semester’. Through analysing teachers’ reported ‘successful’ experiences in inclusion, the discussions explore how these teachers exercise agency to actively promote inclusion despite structural constraints. The paper analyses teachers’ interpretations and practical strategies in an inclusive school from the perspective of teacher agency and contributes to building up a strong base of empirical evidence that enriches the concept and facilitates the implementation of inclusive education in China.
Microfibrillated cellulose: morphology and accessibility

Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is prepared by subjecting dilute slurries of cellulose fibers to repeated high-pressure homogenizing action. A highly microfibrillated product will have a gel-like appearance at 2% concentration in water. Such gels have pseudoplastic viscosity properties and are very fluid when stirred at high shear rate. The relative viscosity of 2% MFC dispersions may be used as a measure of the degree of homogenization or microfibrillation of a given wood cellulose pulp. The water retention value of an MFC product can also be used as an indicator for degree of homogenization. Structurally, MFC appears to be a web of interconnected fibrils and microfibrils, the latter having diameters in the range 10-100 nm as observed in scanning and transmission electron micrographs. Chemical studies have revealed that MFC is only moderately degraded, while being greatly expanded in surface area. The accessibility of cellulose in MFC is only moderately degraded, while being greatly expanded in surface area. The accessibility of cellulose in MFC toward chemical reagents is greatly increased. Higher reactivity was demonstrated in dilute cupriethylenediamine solubility, triphenylmethylation, acetylation, periodate oxidation, and mineral acid and cellulase enzyme hydrolysis rates. 16 references, 8 figures, 7 tables.
Soil Respiration Variation among Four Tree Species at Young Afforested Sites under the Influence of Frequent Typhoon Occurrences

Afforestation is an effective solution for restoring forest ecosystems and mitigating climate change in the tropics. In this study, we analyzed the soil respiration (Rs) at four afforested sites with different tree species exposed to a monsoon climate with frequent typhoon occurrences in southern Taiwan. The aim of this study is to examine (1) the distinct seasonal variation that strongly affects the Rs among four tree species at afforested sites, (2) the patterns of Rs that differ among the four species at the afforested sites, and (3) the influence of typhoons on forest structure and consequently the degree of Rs. The annual mean Rs among the four tree species at the afforested sites in the pretyphoon disturbance year was approximately 7.65 t C ha−1, with the post-typhoon year having an annual mean Rs of approximately 9.13 t C ha−1. Our results clearly show Rs variations in the four tree species at the young afforested sites under the influence of typhoon disturbances. The high seasonal variations in Rs were controlled by soil temperature and soil moisture. The different tree species also led to variations in litterfall production and consequently influenced Rs variation. Forest structures, such as aboveground biomass and consequently the degree of Rs, were disturbed by severe typhoon impacts in 2016, resulting in high aboveground biomass with tree height losses and litterfall accumulation. Furthermore, Rs increased immediately after litterfall input to the soil, and the addition effect of litter and the soil C release occurred throughout the year after typhoon disturbances. Our results contribute to understanding impact of typhoon disturbances on the degree of Rs at tropical afforested sites.
Process Intensification in Bio-Ethanol Production–Recent Developments in Membrane Separation

Ethanol is considered as a renewable transport fuels and demand is expected to grow. In this work, trends related to bio-ethanol production are described using Thailand as an example. Developments on high-temperature fermentation and membrane technologies are also explained. This study focuses on the application of membranes in ethanol recovery after fermentation. A preliminary simulation was performed to compare different process configurations to concentrate 10 wt% ethanol to 99.5 wt% using membranes. In addition to the significant energy reduction achieved by replacing azeotropic distillation with membrane dehydration, employing ethanol-selective membranes can further reduce energy demand. Silicalite membrane is a type of membrane showing one of the highest ethanol-selective permeation performances reported today. A silicalite membrane was applied to separate a bio-ethanol solution produced via high-temperature fermentation followed by a single distillation. The influence of contaminants in the bio-ethanol on the membrane properties and required further developments are also discussed.
Step by step towards citizen science — deconstructing youth participation in BioBlitzes

BioBlitzes, typically one-day citizen science (CS) events, provide opportunities for the public to participate in data collection for research and conservation, potentially promoting deeper engagement with science. We observed 81 youth at 15 BioBlitzes in the U.S. and U.K., identifying five steps participants use to create a biological record (Exploring, Observing, Identifying, Documenting and Recording). We found 67 youth engaged in at least one of the steps, but seldom in all, with rare participation in Recording which is crucial for contributing data to CS. These findings suggest BioBlitzes should reduce barriers to Recording for youth to increase engagement with science.
Neonatal Physiological Jaundice and Repertoire of Movements on the Second or Third Days of Life

Physiological jaundice appears after the first day of life and has a mild form in most cases. High bilirubin levels can lead to jaundice of the basal ganglia and cause severe movement disorders in the form of extrapyramidal forms of cerebral palsy. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of bilirubin levels on the motor activity of infants and the relationship between bilirubin levels and selected sociometric and biometric characteristics. The study included a group of 77 newborns of both sexes. Medical records were analyzed to determine their socio- and biometric characteristics. Bilirubin levels were evaluated using transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurement with a Minolta JM-103 jaundice meter according to Kramer’s method consisting in bilirubin measurements in different parts of the body. The head measurement was considered the most important for infants on the second or third day of life, and it was considered a reference for other variables. Analysis of neonatal activity was performed using video recording with a Sony camera with Full HD 1080p resolution (1920x1080, 60 fps). Each infant was assessed independently by three experts qualified in Prechtel's General Movements Assessment diagnosis. No statistically significant differences in quantitative movement characteristics were observed between infants with normal and elevated bilirubin levels. The relationships were found between sociometric and biometric characteristics and bilirubin levels measured on the head. The analyses indicated that in the course of physiological jaundice, the bilirubin levels had no effect on their qualitative and quantitative movement parameters in the group of infants studied.
Wymore's standardized score functions for foliar nutritional diagnosis of the cacao crop

Abstract Cacao crop is under pressure due to the high global consumption of this commodity, a fact that exposes the great need of technical precision for nutritional diagnosis and fertilizer recommendation in the plantations. The objective of this work is to review and to use the available information in the literature and the opinion of the cacao crop experts to establish the Wymore's standardized scoring functions (SSFs) for the main macro and micronutrients in cacao leaves. The critical limits of the SFF of the optimum type were defined for the mineral nutrients N, K, P, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, B and Mo, and the SFF “more is better” type was applied for Mn. This SFFs can be used to know the individual status of each nutrient or incorporate linear combination models applied to a system for foliar nutritional diagnosis of the cacao crop.
Testing for effects of tail-mounted radio tags and environmental variables on European Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus nest survival

ABSTRACT Capsule Monitoring of European Nightjar Caprimulgus europeaus nest sites over seven years produced no evidence of a negative effect of tail-mounted radio tag deployment on nest success. Aims To test whether nest success of European Nightjars was affected by radio tag deployment. Methods The breeding success of European Nightjars was monitored at the Brechfa West Wind Farm, Carmarthenshire, Wales, from 2013 to 2019. A total of 85 nests were located through a combination of capture and radio tracking of breeding individuals, and direct observation combined with focused searching. All located nests were subsequently monitored through a combination of visual checks and trail camera deployment until their natural conclusion. Results No evidence was identified to support a negative effect of tail-mounted radio tag deployment on the nest success of European Nightjars. However, nesting success (at least one chick fledged) was positively associated with mean temperature during the nesting period, although the strength of this effect varied through time. Conclusion The use of tail-mounted radio tags on European Nightjars had no significant negative effect on nest success.
How researchers shape the construction of landscape change – insights from a scenario study

ABSTRACT Studying landscape change has taken on increased importance, for instance, in the context of enhancing the sustainable intensification of agricultural production. As sustainability-oriented landscape research necessitates inter- and transdisciplinary approaches, the influence that researchers exert through constructing and applying conceptual bases and methods merits particular attention. We address this issue with a multifaceted understanding of power, and apply three analytical lenses to the example of a regional, landscape-related scenario study. We found that without an interdisciplinary framework that fosters integration and explicit cooperation procedures, researchers exert individual ‘power to’ by adhering to well-known disciplinary methods. Also, we observed a mobilisation of ‘power with’ through a certain level of transdisciplinary cooperation. We recommend a rigorous specification and application of joint conceptual bases, their disclosure and an ongoing reflection on inter- and transdisciplinary cooperation procedures to ensure the transparency of researchers’ influence in studies on landscape change.
Prediction of Water Saturation from Well Log Data by Machine Learning Algorithms: Boosting and Super Learner

Intelligent predictive methods have the power to reliably estimate water saturation (Sw) compared to conventional experimental methods commonly performed by petrphysicists. However, due to nonlinearity and uncertainty in the data set, the prediction might not be accurate. There exist new machine learning (ML) algorithms such as gradient boosting techniques that have shown significant success in other disciplines yet have not been examined for Sw prediction or other reservoir or rock properties in the petroleum industry. To bridge the literature gap, in this study, for the first time, a total of five ML code programs that belong to the family of Super Learner along with boosting algorithms: XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, AdaBoost, are developed to predict water saturation without relying on the resistivity log data. This is important since conventional methods of water saturation prediction that rely on resistivity log can become problematic in particular formations such as shale or tight carbonates. Thus, to do so, two datasets were constructed by collecting several types of well logs (Gamma, density, neutron, sonic, PEF, and without PEF) to evaluate the robustness and accuracy of the models by comparing the results with laboratory-measured data. It was found that Super Learner and XGBoost produced the highest accurate output (R2: 0.999 and 0.993, respectively), and with considerable distance, Catboost and LightGBM were ranked third and fourth, respectively. Ultimately, both XGBoost and Super Learner produced negligible errors but the latest is considered as the best amongst all.