Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes and Shoulder Kinematics for the “Gray Zone” Extra-articular Scapula Fracture in 5 Patients

Aims: There is a subset of scapula fractures, which can be considered in the “gray zone,” where treatment guidelines are not clear-cut, based on published literature. Our paper presents the outcomes of five such scapula fractures treated non-operatively. Methods: Adult patients who had been treated non-operatively at our institution for an isolated scapula fracture from 2003–2012 were found using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Based on injury imaging, these five patients had scapula fractures in the “gray zone. ” Subjects completed questionnaires [Simple Shoulder Test (SST), PROMIS Global Health Scale vs 1.1, PROMIS SF vs 1.0 Physical Function 12a, and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Score (ASES)] and physical exams were performed to assess range of motion and strength. Glenohumeral kinematics were obtained via motion analysis using the Trackstar 6 Degree of Freedom (DOF) motion tracking system by Northern Digital Incorporated. Results: All subjects were right hand dominant. 3/5 fractures involved left, non-dominant, scapulae. Motion analysis demonstrated similar recruitment of the scapula during the glenohumeral rhythm for the fractured shoulders compared with the same arm of age matched control subjects. No significant differences occurred in either range of motion (ROM) or scapula-humeral coordination when comparing uninjured scapulae to the same arm of age matched control subjects. Conclusions: All subjects’ demonstrated acceptable clinical outcomes when treated non-operatively. Minor differences were seen in subjective surveys. However, the kinematic analysis showed no differences in measured scapula-humeral rhythm or range of motion. It is proposed that immediate controlled range of motion and rehabilitation be considered in these patients and could be the focus of a larger prospective study. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Case Series).
They Are Selling Themselves Out to the Enemy! The Content and Effects of Populist Conspiracy Theories

Despite the alleged discursive affinity between populist rhetoric and conspiracy theories, we know too little about how populist conspiracies are communicated by politicians, and how these messages activate individual-level support for populist ideas. In this setting, this article reports on a qualitative content analysis of leading (radical) right-wing populist politicians’ self-communication (Trump and Wilders) and an experiment in which the central content features of populist conspiracies are manipulated. The main findings indicate that populist conspiracy theories activate populist attitudes more than mere exposure to populist ideas. Together, this article shows how conspiracies are framed in populist actors’ communication, and how these populist conspiracy frames can fuel support for populist ideology in society.
Do Female Directors Signal Indian SME IPOs Quality? Evidence From a Quantile Regression Approach

The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of female directors on the underpricing of small and medium enterprise (SME) initial public offerings (IPOs) in an emerging country like India which is relatively a fruitful setting to investigate. The research in relatively underexplored area is undertaken using a sample of 403 SME IPOs issued between 2012 and 2018. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression (mean regression) and quantile regression (QR, median regression) has been used to examine the signaling role of female directors on listing day performance of Indian SME IPOs. The results unveil that presence of female directors on IPO board reduces the underpricing. However, the negative relationship lacks statistical association between the variables. Similar results have been obtained when proportion of female directors instead of female dummies is used to gauge the impact on underpricing. The study highlights the need to increase the proportion of women directors on board to break the ‘glass ceiling’ and capitalize their talent for improving IPO performance. The extant research investigating the impact of female directors has largely been concentrated on larger companies in developed countries. Thus, the present research contributes to the literature by examining its influence in context of IPOs of smaller firms which needs effective signals to communicate true quality to investors thereby gaining societal legitimacy.
Sentinel Event Surveillance to Estimate Total SARS-CoV-2 Infections, United States

Human infections with a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) were first identified via syndromic surveillance in December of 2019 in Wuhan China. Since identification, infections (coronavirus disease-2019; COVID-19) caused by this novel pathogen have spread globally, with more than 180,000 confirmed cases as of March 16, 2020. Effective public health interventions, including social distancing, contact tracing, and isolation/quarantine rely on the rapid and accurate identification of confirmed cases. However, testing capacity (having sufficient tests and laboratory throughput) to support these non-pharmaceutical interventions remains a challenge for containment and mitigation of COVID-19 infections. We undertook a sentinel event strategy (where single health events signal emerging trends) to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 in the US. Data from a recent national conference, the Conservative Political Action Conference, (CPAC) near Washington, DC and from the outbreak in Wuhan, China were used to fit a simple exponential growth model to estimate the total number of incident SARS- CoV-2 infections in the United States on March 1, 2020, and to forecast subsequent infections potentially undetected by current testing strategies. Our analysis and forecasting estimates a total of 54,100 SARS-CoV-2 infections (80 % CI 5,600 to 125,300) have occurred in the United States to March 12, 2020. Our forecast predicts that a very substantial number of infections are undetected, and without extensive and far-reaching non-pharmaceutical interventions, the number of infections should be expected to grow at an exponential rate.
Market Orientation and Value Creation in Improving Business Performance of the Fertilizer Industry in Indonesia

Purpose: This research aims at examining the effect of market orientation and value creation on business performance of the fertilizer industry in Indonesia. Approach/Methodology/Design: This research used observation using time horizon with cross section one shot in year 2018. Unit of analysis in this research is organic fertilizer company or inorganic with company’s management as the observation unit. The survey was conducted to 35 fertilizer companies in Indonesia. Verification analysis was used to measure quantitative data and hypothesis testing by using PLS (Partial Least Square). Findings: The findings showed that market orientation and value creation had a significant influence in improving business performance in the fertilizer industry in Indonesia. In addition, value creation had a greater role than market orientation in improving business performance. Practical Implications: The result of this research is expected to give implication for business actor of fertilizer industry in Indonesia as an effort to improve its business performance by increasing value creation supported by increasing market orientation. Originality/Value: The result of this research is expected to give implication for business actor of fertilizer industry in Indonesia as an effort to improve its business performance by increasing value creation supported by increasing market orientation.
Single agent HuMab-5B1 (MVT-5873), a monoclonal antibody targeting sLea, in patients with pancreatic cancer and other CA19-9 positive malignancies.

4110Background: MVT-5873, a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), targets sialyl Lewis A (sLea), an epitope on CA19-9. CA19-9 is expressed in pancreatic (PDAC) and other GI cancers, plays a r.
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Collegiate Aviators

The purpose of this mixed-method research was to determine if students who are enrolled in a collegiate flight program exhibit significantly higher rates of depression, stress, and anxiety. This study compared collegiate flight students to non-professional flight students to determine whether collegiate flight students have higher rates of depression, anxiety or stress. In addition, this study sought to determine if there were higher depression, anxiety, and stress levels in upperclassmen (juniors and seniors) than in lowerclassmen (freshman and sophomore). These groups were compared to each other by using results from the DASS-21, a survey that measures depression, anxiety, and stress. There were no statistically significant results indicating no singular group is more or less prone to depression, anxiety, or stress.
Experimental Modeling and Optimization of CO2 Absorption into Piperazine Solutions Using RSM-CCD Methodology

The present work evaluates and optimizes CO2 absorption in a bubble column for the Pz-H2O–CO2 system. We analyzed the impact of the different operating conditions on the hydrodynamic and mass-transfer performance. For the optimization of the process, variable conditions were used in the multivariate statistical method of response surface methodology. The central composite design is used to characterize the operating condition to fit the models by the least-squares method. The experimental data were fitted to quadratic equations using multiple regressions and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). An approved experiment was carried out to analyze the correctness of the optimization method, and a maximum CO2 removal efficiency of 97.9%, an absorption rate of 3.12 g/min, an NCO2 of 0.0164 mol/m2·s, and a CO2 loading of 0.258 mol/mol were obtained under the optimized conditions. Our results suggest that Pz concentration, solution flow rate, CO2 flow rate, and speed of stirrer were obtained to be 0.162 M, 0.502 l/h, 2.199 l/min, and 68.89 rpm, respectively, based on the optimal conditions. The p-value for all dependent variables was less than 0.05, and that points that all three models were remarkable. In addition, the experiment values acquired for the CO2 capture were found to agree satisfactorily with the model values (R2 = 0.944–0.999).
Corrosion rate prediction and influencing factors evaluation of low-alloy steels in marine atmosphere using machine learning approach

ABSTRACT The empirical modeling methods are widely used in corrosion behavior analysis. But due to the limited regression ability of conventional algorithms, modeling objects are often limited to individual factors and specific environments. This study proposed a modeling method based on machine learning to simulate the marine atmospheric corrosion behavior of low-alloy steels. The correlations between material, environmental factors and corrosion rate were evaluated, and their influences on the corrosion behavior of steels were analyzed intuitively. By using the selected dominating factors as input variables, an optimized random forest model was established with a high prediction accuracy of corrosion rate (R2 values, 0.94 and 0.73 to the training set and testing set) to different low-alloy steel samples in several typical marine atmospheric environments. The results demonstrated that machine learning was efficient in corrosion behavior analysis, which usually involves a regression analysis of multiple factors. Graphical Abstract
Experimental Study on Unconfined Compression Strength of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Composite Cemented Clay

The effects of three main factors, including polypropylene fiber content, composite cement content and curing time on the unconfined compressive strength of fiber-reinforced cemented clay were studied through a series of unconfined compressive strength tests. The experimental results show that the incorporation of fibers can increase the compressive strength and residual strength of cement-reinforced clay as well as the corresponding axial strain when the stress peak is reached compared with cement-reinforced clay. The compressive strength of fiber-reinforced cement clay decreases first, then increases with small-composite cement at curing time 14 d and 28 d. However, fiber-reinforced cement clay’s strength increases with the increase of fiber content for heavy-composite cement. The compressive strength of fiber-composite cement-reinforced marine clay increases with the increase of curing time and composite cement content. The growth rate increases with the increase of curing time. The failure mode of composite cement-reinforced clay is brittle failure, while the failure mode of fiber-reinforced cemented clay is plastic failure.
Issues in Evaluating Food Crisis Warning Systems

This conceptual article provides a framework for judging whether a food crisis warning system will be effective. The article is based primarily upon experience in rice-farming regions of Asia with highly seasonal employment calendars, but it formulates concepts that are sufficiently general to be applied to the evaluation of warning systems in other regions. Although conceptual, this paper does not discuss the theory of whether or not warning systems are desirable, nor does it consider budgetary factors such as the unit costs and who pays for them. No attempt is made to detail the operation of any warning system in a particular geographical context according to this framework. The warning system shown in figure 1 is the flow of information that ensures that effective and efficient interventions are made to prevent food crises. Within the warning system, those making decisions transform knowledge about an imminent food crisis into action to prevent future food crises and minimize immediate suffering. The decision-makers have to decide: whether or not to intervene, which interventions to use, whether or not the interventions are being effective, whether changes in interventions are necessary, whether to stop the interventions. During the 20-year period 1963-1983 there were over 400 crises or emergencies to which the international community responded with food aid (1). During the 1970s, three to four Asian countries each year were reported to be coping with a food crisis. These crises were actual or potential food stress situations that drew off funds, energy, and time from long-term development programmes aimed at sustained food security. Now the World Development
Designs of Feedback Controllers for Fluid Flows Based On Model Predictive Control and Regression Analysis

Complexity of online computation is a drawback of model predictive control (MPC) when applied to the Navier–Stokes equations. To reduce the computational complexity, we propose a method to approximate the MPC with an explicit control law by using regression analysis. In this paper, we extracted two state-feedback control laws and two output-feedback control laws for flow around a cylinder as a benchmark. The state-feedback control laws that feed back different quantities to each other were extracted by ridge regression, and the two output-feedback control laws, whose measurement output is the surface pressure, were extracted by ridge regression and Gaussian process regression. In numerical simulations, the state-feedback control laws were able to suppress vortex shedding almost completely. While the output-feedback control laws could not suppress vortex shedding completely, they moderately improved the drag of the cylinder. Moreover, we confirmed that these control laws have some degree of robustness to the change in the Reynolds number. The computation times of the control input in all the extracted control laws were considerably shorter than that of the MPC.
Teaching Critical Thinking in Political Science: A Case Study

Abstract Many argue that critical thinking is a democratic necessity, a valuable career readiness skill, and a key learning outcome of political science education. Research suggests that critical thinking training is most effective when students are explicitly taught critical thinking skills and develop valuation of and self-efficacy in utilizing these skills. This paper reports on a case study of explicit critical thinking skills awareness and practice training in a second-year political science class. Pre- and post-test analyses found statistically significant increases in students’ self-rated valuation of critical thinking and self-efficacy. The instructor felt that the explicit linking of the class course material to the critical thinking sessions promoted quality class discussions of the core course material.
Using spoken language technology for generating feedback to prepare for the TOEFL iBT® test: a user perception study

ABSTRACT Recent technology advancements have increased the prospects for automated spoken language technology to provide feedback on speaking performance. In this study we examined user perceptions of using an automated feedback system for preparing for the TOEFL iBT® test. Test takers and language teachers evaluated three types of machine-generated feedback: domain sub-scores, task scores, and scores based on individual linguistic features. Results showed that the vast majority of the participants perceived all feedback types to be useful, although the teachers showed slightly more scepticism than the students. We believe that these findings provide initial support for making such feedback available to those preparing for the TOEFL iBT test or other similar tests of spoken language proficiency. Study outcomes also inform our understanding of the role of technology in test preparation and the extent to which the use of technology changes preparation behaviours and preferences.
Effects of alliin on renal ischemia reperfusion induced lung injury

Aim: Renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a problematic process which leads to renal dysfunction and may be mortal for the patients in intensive care units. Increased oxidant molecules and decreased antioxidant molecules were detected in renal I/R-induced lung injury. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of Alliin on oxidative stress in renal I/R-induced lung injury. Material and Methods: A total of 32 Wistar Albino male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8): Sham, I/R, I/R+Alliin 100 mg/kg and I/R+Alliin 200 mg/kg group. The effects of Alliin on oxidant and antioxidant molecules were evaluated via biochemical methods. Results: Alliin treatment increased antioxidant parameters and decreased oxidant parameters. Conclusion: Alliin has been shown to reduce oxidative stress and renal I/R-induced lung injury.
The discriminant power of biometrics for sex determination in European Bee-eaters Merops apiaster

ABSTRACT Capsule A combination of several biometric measures enables the reliable sexing of the European Bee-eater Merops apiaster, a species with subtle sex differences in plumage and morphometry. Aims To explore variation in biometrics and their suitability to discriminate sex in adult European Bee-eaters Merops apiaster. Methods We sampled populations of a long-distance migratory species with low sexual size dimorphism, the European Bee-eater Merops apiaster, from colonies in western Iberia (Portugal) and Central Europe (Germany) to investigate body size variation and derive population-specific and general sex discriminant functions. Results Overall, male Bee-eaters were larger than females while Bee-eaters from Germany and Portugal did not differ in size, except for primary length and tail length. The best single measurement to discriminate sex was wing length for Portuguese birds and tail tip length for German birds, as in the combined dataset. Multivariate discriminant functions of head-bill, wing and tail tip lengths provided the highest discriminant accuracy, discriminating sex for 91% of the birds from Portugal, 96% from Germany and 94% when using the combined dataset. Nonetheless, the discriminant accuracy remained high in the functions using only two variables for Portugal (head-bill and tail tip 91%, head-bill and wing 88%, wing and tail tip 88%), Germany (head-bill and tail tip 95%, wing and tail tip 97%) and in the combined dataset (head-bill and tail tip 92%, wing and tail tip 93%). Conclusions Population specific discriminant functions allow sexing of European Bee-eaters by morphometry with high degree of accuracy at least for Iberia and Central European populations. Such discriminant functions can be used to assign the sex of adult Bee-eaters reliably and swiftly while the bird is still in the hand, highlighting the potential of these functions for rapidly sexing species with low degrees of sexual size and plumage dimorphism.
Variability of BVOC Emissions from Commercially Used Willow (Salix spp.) Varieties

Willow (Salix spp.) trees are commonly used in short rotation coppices (SRC) to produce renewable energy. However, these plants are also known to emit high concentrations of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which have a large influence on air quality. Many different clones of commercially used Salix varieties exist today, but only a few studies have focused on BVOC emissions from these newer varieties. In this study, four varieties commercially propagated for biofuel production have been studied on a leaf-scale in the southern part of Sweden. The trees had either their first or second growing season, and measurements on BVOC emissions were done during the growing season in 2017 from the end of May to the beginning of September. Isoprene was the dominant emitted compound for all varieties but the average emission amongst varieties varied from 4.00 to 12.66 µg gdw−1 h−1. Average monoterpene (MT) (0.78–1.87 µg gdw−1 h−1) and sesquiterpene (SQT) emission rates (0.22–0.57 µg gdw−1 h−1) differed as well among the varieties. Besides isoprene, other compounds like ocimene, linalool and caryophyllene also showed a response to light but not for all varieties. Younger plants had several times higher emissions of non-isoprenoids (other VOCs) than the corresponding 1-year-old trees. The conclusions from this study show that the choice of variety can have a large impact on the regional BVOC emission budget. Genetics, together with stand age, should be taken into account when modelling BVOC emissions on a regional scale, for example, for air quality assessments.
The plastid genome of an ornamental grass Pennisetum villosum (Poaceae: Paniceae)

Abstract Pennisetum villosum is an ornamental grass and to better determine its phylogenetic location with respect to the other taxa in the tribe Paniceae, the complete plastid genome was sequenced. The whole plastid genome is 138,570 bp in length, consisting of a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 20,269 bp, one large single-copy (LSC) region of 85,662 bp, and one small single-copy (SSC) region of 12,370 bp. The overall G + C content of the whole plastome is 38.60%. Further, maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis with TVM + F+R2 model was conducted using 16 complete plastomes of the Poaceae, which support the close relationship between P. villosum and the species of Cenchrus L.
An Experimental Study on Human Milk Rheology: Behavior Changes from External Factors

The influence of external factors, including temperature, storage, aging, time, and shear rate, on the general rheological behavior of raw human milk is investigated. Rotational and oscillatory experiments were performed. Human milk showed non-Newtonian, shear-thinning, thixotropic behavior with both yield and flow stresses. Storage and aging increased milk density and decreased viscosity. In general, increases in temperature lowered density and viscosity with periods of inconsistent behavior noted between 6–16 ∘ C and over 40 ∘ C. Non-homogeneous breakdown between the yield and flow stresses was found which, when coupled with thixotropy, helps identify the source of nutrient losses during tube feeding.