Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Quality of Life and Bone Mass Density among Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Postmenopausal women are at highest risk of developing osteoporosis, since their bone mineral density is reduced due to decrease in estrogen level. Various other physiological, emotional, and psychological changes jeopardize the health of these vulnerable females in total and reduce their quality of life (QoL). Aims and Objectives: To compare the QoL and bone mass density (BMD) among normal BMD, osteopenic, and osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Setting and Design: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the outpatient department of physical medicine and rehabilitation at a tertiary care center of northern India from August 2019 to February 2020. Materials and Methods: Baseline sociodemographic characteristics of all postmenopausal women were collected using a quantitative tool. Assessment of QoL was done by pretested and validated QUALEFFO-41 scale. For all the women, a bone mineral densitometry test was performed on the L1–L4 lumbar spine, femoral neck, and forearm by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. Statistical Analysis: One-way ANOVA test was used to compare the mean BMD values across the three groups. Determination of predictive factors for QoL was performed using stepwise logistic regression analysis. Results: Significant differences were noted for the mean values of the three domains, i.e., pain, physical, and social function (P < 0.01). Women with osteoporosis had significantly higher pain scores as compared to others. Among those with osteoporosis, the pain scores have significantly increased gradually as age increases. Conclusion: Postmenopausal women with osteopenia and osteoporosis have poor QoL as compared to those with normal BMD.
Diagnosis of Heart Disease via CNNs

Our project predicts volume of heart by 2D MRI measurement. Combining pre-trained VGG [13] and self-trained networks, we build our Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for prediction. Speciﬁc preprocessing meth-ods are designed for our messy data. CNNs in various depths and regularization strength are tried for best validation result. In this Kaggle Challenge contest, our model beats the baseline CNN structure written by Marko Jocic [6].
Measuring Change at the Discourse-Level Following Conversation Treatment

Purpose: This article reviews four discourse measures and examines whether they are sensitive to impairments in people with both mild and severe aphasia. We also ask whether these measures were sensitive to effects of conversation treatment in two case examples. Method: Two people with aphasia, one mild and fluent and the other severe and nonfluent, served as case studies. Both case studies had participated in conversation treatment, in which individualized goals were targeted in the context of naturalistic conversation-based interactions. Picture descriptions were analyzed using three discourse measures: core lexicon, words per minute, and correct information units. In addition, words per minute and conversation turns were examined in personal narratives produced by the individual with severe nonfluent aphasia in a conversational context. Results: For the individual with mild aphasia, both words per minute and core lexicon were sensitive to the presence of aphasia and treatment changes. For the individual with severe aphasia, all measures were sensitive to the presence of aphasia, but only words per minute and number/type of conversation turns were sensitive to effects of treatment. Discussion/Conclusions: Discourse measures capture relevant aspects of communication that may not be seen on standardized measures of discrete language skills. Given different aphasia profiles and individual communication goals, clinicians need to choose the most relevant, reliable, and informative measures.
Palliative and end-of-life care for the older adult with cancer

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Purpose of review Despite established benefits of palliative care in the oncology population, it remains an underutilized resource particularly among older adults. The illness trajectory and needs of an older adult with cancer are unique. The purpose of this paper is to review the current literature on providing comprehensive palliative and end-of-life care for the older adult with cancer. Recent findings Though the difficulties of applying traditional palliative care principles in the older patients with cancer have been discussed, this review reveals a clear gap in the literature in discussing the provision of comprehensive palliative and end-of-life care in this population. Very few articles have been published in this domain with even fewer published within the past 18 months. Summary As such, this article reviews key aspects of palliative and geriatric medicine that need to be considered and integrated in order to provide comprehensive palliative care to the older adult with cancer. This includes a discussion of proper pain and symptoms assessment, performance status assessment, advance care planning, and end-of-life care while considering the nuances of geriatric syndromes.
Quantitative Determination of Nortriptyline And Desmethylnortriptyline In Human Plasma By Combined Gas Ciiromatography - Mass Spectrometry

Abstract A quantitative method has been developed for the determination of the tricyclic antidepressant drug nortriptyline in plasma, utilizing a combined technique of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry called mass fragmentography. A metabolite, desmethylnortriptyline, may be analyzed in the same run. The compounds are first converted to their heptafluorobutyranide derivatives. A complete chromatogram takes less than five minutes. Quantitive determinations under the present conditions are possible down to a few nanograms of nortriptyline per milliliter. There is a good correlation between the new method and that previously used which was based upon in vitro 3 11-acetylation labelling.
Happiness in Pregnant African American Women

The detrimental effects of prenatal stress on maternal-infant well-being have been well established and highlight increased concern for pregnant African American women. Research supports the notion that positive emotions may have a beneficial impact on the stress process and outcomes. However, the data have been largely restricted to non-African American pregnant women. This study's purpose was to examine potential relationships of both positive (happiness) and negative (stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms) emotions and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins-1β, -6, -8, -12, -17, tumor necrosis factor, and interferon-γ) in 72 pregnant African American women for a more complete picture of the stress process in this at-risk population. Results of this exploratory secondary data analysis show strong positive correlations between negative emotions and strong negative correlations between happiness and negative emotions. Interleukin-8 was positively correlated with negative emotions and negatively correlated with happiness. Results show mean ratings of negative emotions were higher than previously reported with more heterogeneous samples, while happiness ratings were in the moderate range. Findings suggest that pregnant African American women may experience higher stress and depressive symptoms than women in more heterogeneous samples. However, moderate levels of happiness might contribute to buffering the stress response.
“Silent sufferers: A study of domestic violence among pregnant women attending the ANC OPD at a Primary Health Care Centre”

Introduction: Domestic violence against women is one of the most pervasive abuses of human rights in the world. Violence during pregnancy leads to both acute injuries and profound long-term challenges to health and wellbeing. Pregnancy provides a good opportunity for healthcare personal to screen women for domestic violence. Aim: To identify the pattern of domestic violence amongst pregnant women and to plan appropriate interventions. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Primary Health Care Centre. Methods and Material: 90 pregnant women attending the ANC OPD and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Percentages were calculated and Chi-square test was used wherever applicable. Results: Violence was mostly seen in the women who were married for five years (47.36%) and many among them experienced it within one year of marriage (34.28%). The most common violence faced by the women was verbal violence (44.73%), followed by financial violence (27.63%). Physical violence was experienced by 22.36% women. The Perceived risk factor for violence was mostly addiction of spouse in 26.31% of women and insufficient dowry and demand for male child in 19.73%. Conclusions: As occurrence of violence was found to be significantly associated with duration of marriage, educational status, and earning status of women asking about intimate partner violence should be a part of routine antenatal care for early detection and identification of cases, their counseling, and appropriate interventions.
Bone Age Assessment of Iranian Children in an Automatic Manner

Background: Bone age assessment (BAA) is a radiological process with the aim of identifying growth disorders in children. The objective of this study is to assess the bone age of Iranian children in an automatic manner. Methods: In this context, three computer vision techniques including histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), local binary pattern (LBP), and scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) are applied to extract appropriate features from the carpal and epiphyseal regions of interest. Two different datasets are applied here: the University of Southern California hand atlas for training this computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system and Iranian radiographs for evaluating the performance of this system for BAA of Iranian children. In this study, the concatenation of HOG, LBP, and dense SIFT feature vectors and background subtraction are applied to improve the performance of this approach. Support vector machine (SVM) and K-nearest neighbor are used here for classification and the better results yielded by SVM. Results: The accuracy of female radiographs is 90% and of male is 71.42%. The mean absolute error is 0.16 and 0.42 years for female and male test radiographs, respectively. Cohen's kappa coefficients are 0.86 and 0.6, P < 0.05, for female and male radiographs, respectively. The results indicate that this proposed approach is in substantial agreement with the bone age reported by the experienced radiologist. Conclusion: This approach is easy to implement and reliable, thus qualified for CAD and automatic BAA of Iranian children.
Regioselective synthesis of new 2,5,6-trisubstituted 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazoles from 5-dimethylaminoethylene-thaozolidin-4-thiones

Thiazolidin-4-ones assembled through one-pot three-component (carbonyl compound, amine and ethyl mercaptoacetate) reactions in the presence of dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, on simultaneous treatment with dimethyl formamide dimethylacetal and Lawesson's reagent furnished 5-dimethylaminomethylene thiazolidin-4-thiones. These thiones on condensation with hydrazine derivatives afforded 2,5,6-trisubstituted-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazoles 4 and not their possible 1,5,6-trisubstituted regioisomers 5. Results of single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies of thiazolidin-4-one 1b have been reported. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were established by spectral data. DFT studies on regioisomers were carried out using B3LYP with the 6-31G** basis set and carbon NMR shifts of 4 show good correlation with experimental values. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for dementia; it also shares a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis. It is hypothesized that the increased severity of periodontitis is associated with cognitive decline in patients having uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. An added risk for future development as well as progression of dementia may be prophesied in such a scenario. Therefore, the present study was conducted to find a correlation between the cognitive impairment (CI) and periodontitis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 160 older adults aged ≥60 years in Mangalore, Karnataka, India, were included in the present analysis. Known T2DM patients aged ≥60 years and diagnosed with periodontitis with a minimum clinical attachment loss (CAL) of ≥2 mm were considered in the present study. Montreal cognitive assessment test assessed the CI. The analysis was carried out using the χ2 test, an independent t-test. Binary logistic regression analysis (enter method) was performed to derive the odds ratios (95% confidence interval). Results: The study included 160 participants, out of which 120 had CI and 40 did not have CI. A statistically significant association was observed between moderate-to-severe periodontitis, HbA1c levels ≥7%, and CI after excluding the confounding factors like age, gender, diet, lifestyle habits, and education. Conclusion: In the present study, cognitive impairment was found to coexist with HbA1c levels ≥7% and moderate-to-severe periodontitis in the elderly diabetics. The clinical implication of these findings adds opportunities to form disease modifiable areas in the elderly diabetic population at a risk for the development of dementia. Additionally, the impact of pre-existing CI on progression of periodontitis and vice versa has been discussed.
A Critical Review of the Effect of Dietary Fiber Intake on the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Eastern Asian Countries

Background Colorectal cancer has become the second most common type of cancer in females and the third most common type of cancer in males. The incidence rate of colorectal cancer is increasing along with the change of lifestyle and dietary habits in East Asia. The cause of colorectal cancer is complex; environmental factors and genetic factors affect each other. Dietary fiber is considered as the prevention of colorectal cancer. Epidemiological data in Europe and America have suggested that dietary fiber intake is negatively correlated with colorectal cancer incidence rate. However, the evidence among different populations is inconsistent, and little is known about these associations in Eastern Asian areas. Objectives To critically review all available human epidemiological data on the relationship between dietary fiber intake and colorectal cancer in Eastern Asian countries and make recommendations for these populations. Methodology. PubMed and Embase were used to search online research papers regarding the relationship between dietary fiber intake and the risk of colorectal cancer in Eastern Asian. We located 9 publications, of which the sample size ranged from 266 to 78, 326. Results Five case-control studies, as well as one prospective study, have examined significant preventive effects of dietary fiber intake on the risk of colorectal cancer while evidence from three prospective cohorts suggested no preventive effects of dietary fiber intake on colorectal cancer among these populations. There is no consistent conclusion on the protective effect of dietary fiber from different sources and types. Conclusion The association between dietary fiber intake and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean is considered to be plausible by the available literature. This current review cannot substantiate the preventive effect of dietary fiber intake on colorectal cancer due to the limited available evidence analyzed.
Transcriptome analysis implicates secondary metabolite production, redox reactions, and programmed cell death during allorecognition in Cryphonectria parasitica

Abstract The underlying molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death associated with fungal allorecognition, a form of innate immunity, remain largely unknown. In this study, transcriptome analysis was used to infer mechanisms activated during barrage formation in vic3-incompatible strains of Cryphonectria parasitica, the chestnut blight fungus. Pronounced differential expression occurred in barraging strains of genes involved in mating pheromone (mf2-1, mf2-2), secondary metabolite production, detoxification (including oxidative stress), apoptosis-related, RNA interference, and HET-domain genes. Evidence for secondary metabolite production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is supported through UPLC-HRMS analysis and cytological staining, respectively. Differential expression of mating-related genes and HET-domain genes was further examined by RT-qPCR of incompatible interactions involving each of the six vegetative incompatibility (vic) loci in C. parasitica and revealed distinct recognition process networks. We infer that vegetative incompatibility in C. parasitica activates defence reactions that involve secondary metabolism, resulting in increased toxicity of the extra- and intracellular environment. Accumulation of ROS (and other potential toxins) may result in detoxification failure and activation of apoptosis, sporulation, and the expression of associated pheromone genes. The incompatible reaction leaves abundant traces of a process-specific metabolome as conidiation is initiated.
Use of Facebow device in prosthodontics: A systematic review on randomized control trials

Aim: Recording the maxillomandibular relationship is important in various prosthodontic treatments. Evidence of face-bow transfer resulting in improved outcome is conflicting. Hence the objective of this study is to determine the use of face-bow transfer in prosthodontics. Settings and Design: Systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines. Materials and Methods: A protocol was developed prior, which covered all aspects of the review. The databases explored were MEDLINE database, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane collaboration library. The PICO model included participants who received a complete denture/partial denture prosthesis. Intervention was the use of the face-bow device. Comparator was prosthesis made with a simple procedure of not using a face-bow device for prosthodontic rehabilitation. Outcomes were patient satisfaction with dentures, the stability of the dentures, esthetics, and time taken for clinical and laboratory procedures. Only randomized clinical trials were included in this study. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical Analysis Used: Qualitative analysis. Results: A total of 144 articles were identified. On excluding 4 duplicates and screening the title and abstracts of the rest of the records based on exclusion criteria only 15 studies were selected for review. Conclusions: The use of the face-bow did not yield superior results for the quality of the prosthesis. Therefore, there is no evidence for the utility of face-bow transfer in complete denture treatment. However, no inference could be drawn for its utility in partial denture prosthodontics as there was no study to draw an inference.
Cytoplasmic chromatin fragments—from mechanisms to therapeutic potential

Senescent cells, damaged cells that permanently exit the cell cycle, play important roles in development, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis. Although many of these roles are beneficial in acute responses to stress and damage, the persistent accumulation of senescent cells is associated with many chronic diseases through their proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP expression is linked to DNA damage; however, the mechanisms that control the SASP are incompletely understood. More recently, it has been shown that senescent cells shed fragments of nuclear chromatin into the cytoplasm, so called cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCF). Here, we provide an overview of the current evidence linking DNA damage to the SASP through the formation of CCF. We describe mechanisms of CCF generation and their functional role in senescent cells, with emphasis on therapeutic potential.
Essential oils of Satureja boliviana and S. parvifolia growing in the region of Jujuy, Argentina

Essential oils of aerial parts of Satureja parvifolia and S. boliviana of Argentina were analysed by GC-MS and GC-FID. Fifty-six components were identified. The main compound of S. parvifolia essential oil is piperitenone oxide. The most abundant constituents identified in S. boliviana essential oil were y-terpinene, s- caryophyllene, germacrene-D, bicyclogermacrene, l ,&cineol and linalool. Copyright 0 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gözleme Dayalı Terapötik İttifak Ölçeği Türkçe Formu’nun (GDTİÖ) Psikometrik Özellikleri (GDTİÖ’nün Psikometrik Özellikleri)

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish adaptation of the Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy – Alliance Scale (TPOCSA-TR). Methods: Sessions coming from 117 children and 38 therapists in psychodynamic psychotherapy at Istanbul Bilgi University Psychotherapy Center constituted the session sample of the study, which were rated by trained outside raters using the TPOCSA-TR. In addition, the parents, teachers and therapists of the children were asked to fill out the Child Behavior Checklist, Emotion Regulation Checklist, Teacher Rating Form and Children’s Global Functioning Scale. Results: When TPOCSA-TR was examined, a two factor structure, involving positive and negative alliance was found, which was different from the original study, but consistent with the following studies that investigated the factor structure of the scale. The internal consistency of the negative alliance and total alliance was good; however the it was low for positive alliance. Inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities were adequate. Convergent and divergent validity was partially supported in that the scale could differentiate certain problem behaviors and the associations with the other scales were in the expected direction. Discussion: The findings indicate that the scale is an acceptably reliable and valid instrument and can be used in psychodynamic psychotherapies conducted with children in Turkey. However, its psychometric properties need to be continued to be assessed with different samples and in different kinds of therapies.
Effect of PTH treatment on bone healing in insufficiency fractures of the pelvis: a systematic review

The aging of our society is associated with an increasing number of insufficiency fractures of the pelvis and the current standard of care is pain control and early mobilization. The aim of this study was to explore whether parathyroid hormone (PTH) treatment can support bone healing in these patients. We conducted a systematic review searching the databases PubMed, Embase and Cochrane. Our primary outcome was fracture healing, secondary outcome measures comprised pain, mobility and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Eight articles were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which two were included in a meta-analysis. However, only three studies were comparative including one randomized controlled trial. Fracture healing and reported pain were assessed after eight weeks, and were significantly improved in the group being treated with PTH (p < 0.01) in the meta-analysis. All articles described a positive effect for PTH on fracture healing and pain. Our systematic review indicates that there is a positive effect of PTH treatment on healing and pain in patients with insufficiency fracture in the pelvic ring, but further research is necessary. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:9-14. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6. 200029