Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Palm Print Recognition Using CANNY Edge Detection, Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix and Classified Using K-Nearest Neighbor

Palm print is one of the organs of the human body that can be used as identification. Palm print has a unique characteristic, hard to forge and more reliable than finger print, and identify a person using the palm print as any other biometrics. In this research we proposed palm print identification using K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). The identification consisted of data acquisition, intensity normalization result of image pre-processing segmentation, feature extraction and classification. The proposed method is trained and evaluated using 900 images of 10 individuals with a 70:30 percentage containing images sizes 32 × 64, 64 × 128 and 128 × 256. Pre-processing using canny edge detection prosed Also to reduce the noise in the images. The features Including contrast, energy, entropy and homogeneity on 900 extracted using Gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). Finally the result of pre-processing is classified using KNN with k parameter that compute the distance of neighbors (similar data) between 3, 5, and 7. The evaluation resulted the best number of k for this dataset is 7 the which is the highest number. Image size 32 × 64 give the fastest time in the extraction and classification process, the which is 47.04 seconds. The accuracy of KNN classifier is evaluated using k-fold cross validation and archived 98% of accuracy as higher accuracy with k = 7. In the future the classification need to re-evaluated using higher number of k and more variety of image data sets. Image size 32 × 64 give the fastest time in the extraction and classification process, the which is 47.04 seconds. The accuracy of KNN classifier is evaluated using k-fold cross validation and archived 98% of accuracy as higher accuracy with k = 7. In the future the classification need to re-evaluated using higher number of k and more variety of image data sets. Image size 32 × 64 give the fastest time in the extraction and classification process, the which is 47.04 seconds. The accuracy of KNN classifier is evaluated using k-fold cross validation and archived 98% of accuracy as higher accuracy with k = 7. In the future the classification need to re-evaluated using higher number of k and more variety of image data sets.
Core-shell nanowire arrays of metal oxides fabricated by atomic layer deposition

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has proven to be an excellent candidate for the deposition of thin layers onto various nanostructures to create core-shell structures with new functionalities and improved device application potential. The authors have used ALD to fabricate metal oxide core-shell nanowires based on electrodeposited ZnO nanowire arrays and Al2O3, ZnO, and TiO2 shells. The authors observe distinctive features of the core-shell nanowires induced by the shell coatings. Most notably, the photoluminescence of the nanowire cores can be enhanced or depleted by the shell, depending on the choice of shell material. Specifically, ZnO–Al2O3 core-shell nanowires display improved optical characteristics over their bare ZnO nanowire core equivalents. These results have important implications for related optoelectronics based on ZnO nanowires or their core-shell nanostructures.
Support for Local Educational Expenditures by the Elderly : Evidence from Japan

This study investigates the relationship between the elderly population and public educational expenditures at the kindergarten, primary school, junior high school, and high school levels in Japan. We applied the dynamic estimation method to data on local expenditures on education after the late 1990s, when aging negatively impacted educational expenditure in Japan. The estimation results indicate that the elderly are unlikely to support an increase in current expenditures that constitute a considerable fraction of payroll at any educational level. However, they display a positive attitude toward capital expenditures which mainly comprised construction costs for a relatively higher educational level.
Towards Hyphenated Sensors Development: Design and Application of Porphyrin Electropolymer Materials

The peculiar properties of porphyrins allow their exploitation as sensing materials in chemical sensors having different transduction principles, or even the intriguing possibility to develop sensors where two different transduction mechanisms are hyphenated in the same substrate. This approach can allow a significant increase in the chemical information obtained from the device and it can boost the performances in terms of selectivity and sensitivity. Our recent achievements in the field of functionalized porphyrins application for the development of the hyphenated optoelectrochemical sensors will be discussed in this contribution.
Algorithms on Graph Coloring Problem

Graph coloring problem is one of the most famous NP-complete problem and it is an important problem in the study of set theory and graph theory. Since it was raised, lots of people has tried many methods to solve the problem or to optimize the solution to this problem. In this article, the author will introduce the concept of the graph coloring problem and two solutions of the problem. One is based on genetic algorithm and the other is based on greedy algorithm. Each solution has its own traits. Through the analysis, this paper aims to reduce the complicity of the algorithms for making them useful in various applications.
Effective neoantigen vaccination correlates with cDC1 - dependent generation 1 of antigen - specific CX3CR1 + CD8 + T cells in mice 2

The use of tumor mutation-derived neoantigen represents a promising approach for cancer 39 vaccines. Preclinical and early-phase human clinical studies have shown the successful induction 40 of tumor neoepitope-directed responses; however, overall clinical efficacy of neoantigen 41 vaccines has been limited. One major obstacle of this strategy is the lack of a reliable blood- 42 based surrogate marker for clinical response. Here, we report a correlation between antitumor 43 efficacy of neoantigen/toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/CD40 vaccination and the frequency of 44 circulating antigen-specific CD8 + T cells expressing CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) in a 45 preclinical model. Mechanistic studies using mixed bone marrow chimeras identified critical 46 roles of CD40 and CD80/86, but not CD70 signaling in Batf3-dependent conventional type 1 47 dendritic cells (cDC1s) in antitumor efficacy of neoantigen vaccine and generation of 48 neoantigen-specific CX3CR1 + CD8 + T cells. Despite robust effector function in vitro ; however, 49 depletion of CX3CR1 + CD8 + T cells did not alter antitumor efficacy of neoantigen/TLR3/CD40 50 agonists vaccination, suggesting that CX3CR1 expression is purely a biomarker rather than 51 functionally relevant to the established tumors. Taken together, our results underscore a critical 52 role of cDC1s in neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines, and the potential utility of CX3CR1 as a 53 circulating surrogate marker for vaccine efficacy in clinical studies. Our indicate that of CX3CR1 T cells correlates with successful vaccination mutated peptide and toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/CD40 agonists. Mechanisms underlying the generation of + CD8 + T cells were examined using knockout and bone marrow chimeric vivo antitumor reactivity of CX3CR1 + subsets evaluated in mice diphtheria receptors (DTR) on T cells.
Nitration of thiacalix[4]arene using nitrosium nitrate complexes: synthesis and characterization of tetranitro-, tetraamino-, and tetra(4-pyridylimino)tetrahydroxythiacalix[4]arene

The chemistry of the family of thiacalixarenes remains poorly documented although the potentiality of these molecules for complexing reactions or optical applications has been demonstrated. The reaction and the mechanism of the nitration of tetrahydroxythiacalixarene are reported in this paper. The synthesis and structural characterization of 5,11,17,23-tetranitro-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxythiacalix[4]arene, as well as its reduction to tetraaminotetrahydroxythiacalix[4]arene and the formation of tetra(4-pyridylimino)tetrahydroxythiacalix[4]arene are discussed in this article.
Non-aqueous Phase Liquid Spills in Freezing and Thawing Soils: Critical Analysis of Pore-Scale Processes

The frequent use of non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in cold regions creates serious risks of soil and groundwater contamination. NAPL contaminants can stay in soil for long times due to their entrapment by strong interfacial forces, resulting in a source of pollution caused by their slow dissolution in groundwater over decades. The presence of these contaminants in ice-containing soils creates a four-phase problem, which must be fully understood to design/develop or improve remediation techniques in cold climate regions. In this review, the fate and transport of NAPL contaminants in periodically freezing-thawing and frozen soils is discussed, with emphasis on pore-scale processes. Three topics are identified for future research focus: (a) study of the dynamics of NAPLs during freezing and thawing of soils using non-destructive imaging techniques, and the effect of various factors, including wettability, pore size, consolidation of porous matrix, and fluid properties; (b) investigations of the fate and transport of NAPL contaminants in frozen soils with different wettabilities, and the effect of the spatial distribution of ice clusters on NAPL retention and movement; and (c) pore-scale modeling of the fate and transport of NAPL spills in freezing-thawing and frozen soils. This will lead us towards a complete pore-scale understanding of NAPL spills in cold climate soils, and their fate and transport over time.
Research Progress and Prospects of Single-Layer 2D Materials Xenes

Xenes, as a series of single-layer two-dimensional (2D) materials, present emerging properties in biological, electronics, medical and other relevant fields. This review introduces seven main Xenes materials (silicene, phosphorene, borophene, antimonene, stanene, germanene and bimetallene) demonstrating higher conductivity and flexibility and describes their current research works and new findings. Besides, current challenges such as those in stability and quality are concluded, and a prospective view on development of 2D Xenes materials in the future is brought out.
Structural and elastic properties of WSe2: first-principles calculations

By using the first principle’ density functional theory, we calculated the structural and elastic properties of WSe2 crystals under different pressures. The results show that the compressibility of WSe2 in the c-direction is much greater than that in the a-direction. The results of the elastic constants reveal that WSe2 is mechanically stable under pressure 0 GPa to 50 GPa. The calculation results of elasticity-relevant properties show that the WSe2 crystal is a brittle material and is solid with interatomic forces.
The inner wind of IRC+10216 revisited: new exotic chemistry and diagnostic for dust condensation in carbon stars

Aims: We model the chemistry of the inner wind of the carbon star IRC+10216 and consider the effects of periodic shocks induced by the stellar pulsation on the gas to follow the non-equilibrium chemistry in the shocked gas layers. We consider a very complete set of chemical families, including hydrocarbons and aromatics, hydrides, halogens, and phosphorous-bearing species. Our derived abundances are compared to those for the latest observational data from large surveys and the Herschel telescope. Methods: A semi-analytical formalism based on parameterised fluid equations is used to describe the gas density, velocity, and temperature from 1 R ⋆ to 5 R ⋆ . The chemistry is described using a chemical kinetic network of reactions and a set of stiff, ordinary, coupled differential equations is solved. Results: The shocks induce an active non-equilibrium chemistry in the dust formation zone of IRC+10216 where the collision destruction of CO in the post-shock gas triggers the formation of O-bearing species such as H 2 O and SiO. Most of the modelled molecular abundances agree very well with the latest values derived from Herschel data on IRC+10216. The hydrides form a family of abundant species that are expelled into the intermediate envelope. In particular, HF traps all the atomic fluorine in the dust formation zone. The halogens are also abundant and their chemistry is independent of the C/O ratio of the star. Therefore, HCl and other Cl-bearing species should also be present in the inner wind of O-rich AGB or supergiant stars. We identify a specific region ranging from 2.5 R ⋆ to 4 R ⋆ , where polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons form and grow. The estimated carbon dust-to-gas mass ratio derived from the mass of aromatics formed ranges from 1.2 × 10 -3 to 5.8 × 10 -3 and agrees well with existing values deduced from observations. This aromatic formation region is situated outside hot layers where SiC 2 is produced as a bi-product of silicon carbide dust synthesis. The MgS grains can form from the gas phase but in lower quantities than those necessary to reproduce the strength of the 30 μm emission band. Finally, we predict that some molecular lines will show a flux variation with pulsation phase and time (e.g., H 2 O), while other species will not (e.g., CO). These variations merely reflect the non-equilibrium chemistry that destroys and reforms molecules over a pulsation period in the shocked gas of the dust formation zone.
Predicting Individual’s Posting Behaviors in Social Network with Markov Chain

Online social networks like twitter are self-organized systems with emergent behaviors from the individual interactions. Predicting the users’ behaviors like posting, replying or retweeting is one of the most important issue. In the paper, we present a method to model the twitter users’ posting behavior with the other users’ response. We also contrast the simulation precision with the model that does not involve the other users’ response. We make use of a stochastic model with Markov chain to predict a specific user’s next tweeting behavior. From the result by contrasting the simulation data and the real data, we demonstrate that the engineering method is able to predict individual posting behaviors based on time windows. In addition, the proposed model involving other users’ response is better than that only considering posting time sequences.
Pharmacological Activities of Natural Products Derived from Clerodendrumin fortunatum L

Original Research Article The antioxidant property of the methanol and ethanol extracts from various parts of Clerodendrum infortunatum L. was examined in vitro. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The free radical scavenging activity of ethyl acetate fraction was superior to all other fractions (IC50 = 16.45 μg/ml), which was higher than synthetic antioxidant butylate dhydroxy anisole, BHA, (18.27 μg/ml). Furthermore, the amount of total phenolic compounds was determined and its content in EtOAc fraction (12.25%) was the highest as compared to other extract or fractions. The essential oil and organic extracts also showed potent antibacterial activities against the tested bacteria such as Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (isolate), Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 291212. Our study suggests that natural products derived from Clerodendrumin fortunatum L. have the potential to be used as food preservatives.
Highly Efficient Ethylene/Cyclopentene Copolymerization with Exclusive 1,2‐Cyclopentene Incorporation by (Cyclopentadienyl)(ketimide)titanium(IV) Complex–MAO Catalysts

The (cyclopentadienyl)-(ketimide)titanium(IV) complex (t-BuC 5 H 4 )TiCl 2 [N=C(t-Bu) 2 ] exhibited remarkable catalytic activities (1.99-3.16 x 10 4 kg polymer/mol Ti·h) with efficient cyclopentene incorporation in ethylene/cyclopentene copolymerization in the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO). The polymerization took place with exclusive 1,2-cyclopentene incorporation, affording high molecular weight (alternating) copolymers (cyclopentene <43.6 mol%) with uniform distributions. The effect of the cyclopentadienyl fragment (Cp') in the copolymerization using Cp'TiCl 2 [N=C(t-Bu) 2 ] [Cp'=indenyl, t-BuC 5 H 4 , C 5 Me 5 (Cp*), C 5 H 5 (Cp)] has been explored in the presence of MAO; the Cp' plays an important key role in terms of both activity and efficient cyclopentene incorporation.
Orthometalation of Primary Amines. 4.1 Orthopalladation of Primary Benzylamines and (2-Phenylethyl)amine†

By the refluxing of an acetonitrile solution of [Pd(OAc)2]3 and primary amines 4-XC6H4CH2NH2 (F, Cl, NO2, OMe), 3,5-X2C6H3CH2NH2 (X = OMe), or PhCH2CH2NH2 (Pd:amine = 1:1) and subsequent addition of excess NaBr, the corresponding orthometalated complexes [Pd{C6H3(CH2NH2)-2,X-5}(μ-Br)]2, [Pd{C6H3(CH2NH2)-2,(OMe)2-4,6}(μ-Br)]2, or [Pd{C6H3(CH2NH2)-2}(μ-Br)]2 are obtained. Alternatively, the hydrochloride of 4-XC6H4CH2NH2 (X = F, NO2) can also be used to prepare the corresponding [Pd{C6H3(CH2NH2)-2,X-5}(μ-Cl)]2 complexes. These results show that primary benzylamines can be orthometalated even if the substituents are electron-withdrawing groups and that 2-(phenyl)ethylamine can be orthometalated in spite of the six-membered ring that it forms. These reactions occur via intermediate complexes [Pd(OAc)2L2], which react with [Pd(OAc)2]3 to give the dimeric species [Pd(OAc)(μ-OAc)L]2 (L = amine), from which in turn the orthometalated complexes are formed. Each of these steps has been studied, and both types of in.
Reconfigurable Origami Antennas: A Review of the Existing Technology and its Future Prospects

Owing to the much-gained popularity and unique properties of origami antenna, a review of some of the important types of these antennas is conducted. Origami is an ancient paper folding technique which has many applications in technical and non-technical fields. With the growing trend of utilizing origami concept, it was integrated with the electromagnetic field to realize reconfigurable antennas. This review contains some of the important applications in which the origami antennas are widely used to make the system more efficient. The development of the antennas over the years and some state-of-the-art designs are discussed along with the future trends in design and manufacturing of origami antennas. Some unique abilities of origami antennas which make them better choice than other antennas are smaller size and volume in addition to being light weight, cost efficient and easily manufacturing. They are widely used to reduce the size of bulky antennas which is very handy in many space and air borne facilities and provide reconfigurable frequency. They are even used to provide mobile range in far off regions which are not accessible with the use of ordinary antennas. The field of antenna design is vast and provides a lot of room for further advancements which are covered in future trends of the paper. This paper provides a detailed review of the different designs of antenna and points towards possible future enhancements and state of the art designs for the fabrication of antenna.
Emotion suppression failures are associated with local increases in sleep-like activity

Emotion self-regulation relies both on cognitive and behavioral strategies implemented to modulate the subjective experience and/or the behavioral expression of a given emotion. While it is known that a network encompassing fronto-cingulate and parietal brain areas is engaged during successful emotion regulation, the functional mechanisms underlying failures in emotion suppression are still unclear. In order to investigate this issue, we analyzed video and high-density EEG recordings of nineteen healthy adult subjects during an emotion suppression (ES) and a free expression (FE) task performed on two consecutive days. Changes in facial expression during ES, but not FE, were preceded by local increases in sleep-like activity (1-4Hz) in in brain areas responsible for emotional suppression, including bilateral anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, and in right middle/inferior frontal gyrus (p<0.05, corrected). Moreover, shorter sleep duration the night prior to the ES experiment correlated with the number of behavioral errors (p=0.01) and tended to be associated with higher frontal sleep-like activity during emotion suppression failures (p=0.05). These results indicate that local sleep-like activity may represent the cause of emotion suppression failures in humans, and may offer a functional explanation for previous observations linking lack of sleep, changes in frontal activity and emotional dysregulation.
A Data Recovery Technique Improves On Hybrid-Mapping For NAND Flash Memory

: Flash memory has been built upon EEPROM (Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory). Unlike traditional magnetic disks, Flash memory has disadvantages, like the limitations of life cycle and erase-before-write, which require a resolution well-known namely Flash Translation Layer (FTL) to resolve. Volatile memory today is used to save periodic retrieve requests for mapping-tables in flash memory. These tables can be missed when an unexpected power outage occurs. In order to address this problem, Page-mapping, Block-mapping, and Hybrid-mapping methods have been introduced. However, these methods also have shortcomings, for example, the mapping-information management overhead and the recovery time. In this paper, we introduce a data recovery scheme improves on Hybrid-mapping together with the spare area separate to ECC (Error Code Correction), block information, ASN (Allocation Sequence Number), mapping-information, Flag, and reserved in FTL. The results display that our technique has the less recovery time and mapping-information management overhead than the previous methods.
Research on QoS routing method based on NSGAII in SDN

Software Defined Network (SDN) makes routing decisions according to the shortest path. This routing scheme does not consider link information such as link residual bandwidth, forwarding delay, packet loss rate and so on. In the case of large data flow, it is easy to cause network congestion, thus reducing the network quality of service assurance. For this reason, using the ability of SDN network controller to monitor the underlying network information and control the route forwarding, we try to set multiple objective functions according to different QoS parameters, and use the non-dominated sorting multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm (NSGA II) based on the elite strategy to make routing decisions. Compared with other routing algorithms, the proposed multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm reduces forwarding delay and packet loss rate, so can effectively prevent network congestion.