Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Videodermatoscopy‐assisted Mohs micrographic surgery vs. other treatments for lentigo maligna in 54 patients with a long‐term follow‐up

1 De Souza EM, Ayres Vallarelli AF, Cintra ML, Vetter-Kauczok CA, Brocker EB. Anetodermicpilomatricoma. J Cutan Pathol 2009; 36: 67– 70. 2 Pirouzmanesh A, Reinisch JF, Gonzalez-gomez I, Smith EM, Meara JG. Pilomatrixoma: a review of 346 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003; 11: 1784–1789. 3 McCulloch TA, Singh S, Cotton DWK. Pilomatrix carcinoma and multiple pilomatrixomas. Br J Dermatol 1996; 134: 368–371. 4 Jones CC, Tschen JA. Anetodermic cutaneous changes overlying pilomatricomas. Dermatopathology 1991; 25: 1072–1076. 5 Li L, Zeng Y, Fang K et al. Anetodermicpilomatricoma: molecular characteristics and trauma in the development of its bullous appearance. Am J Dermatopathol 2012; 34: 788. 6 Moreno-Bueno G, Gamallo C, Perez-Gallego L, Contresras F, Palacios J. B-catenin expression in pilomatrixomas. Relationship with B-catenin gene mutations and comparison with B-catenin expression in normal hair follicles. Br J Dermatol 2001; 145: 576–581.
Pathological Diagnosis of Malignant Mesothelioma

Wilms tumor product 1, cytokeratin 5/6, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1 could be helpful. (cid:2771)(cid:1521)(cid:28)(cid:1)(cid:1910)(cid:2505)(cid:2705)(cid:2770)(cid:3354)(cid:3295)(cid:2024)
Fully Erupted Intranasal Tooth Mimicking Benign Tumor

1. Van Sickels JE. Management of parotid gland and duct injuries. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2009;21:243–246 2. Harrison JD, Fouad HMA. The effects of ductal obstruction on the acinar cells of the parotid of the cat. Arch Oral Biol 2000;45:945–949 3. Sharma R. Superficial parotidectomy for chronic parotid sialadenitis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;42:129–132 4. Singh RP, Galil KA, Harbottle M, et al. Parotid gland disease in childhood: diagnosis and indications for surgical intervention. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012;50:338–343
Anatomic Study of Posterior Communicating Artery in Computed Tomographic Image

Purpose:This study aims to provide an anatomic data of posterior communicating artery (PComA) and its anatomic relationship to the adjacent structures, so as to guide surgeons in the surgery of internal carotid artery–posterior communicating artery aneurysm clipping and sellar tumors resection without injuring the PComA. Methods:Computer topographic angiography images of 123 individuals were reviewed, and the measurements were done on coronal, sagittal, axial, and other user-defined planes after multiplanar reconstruction. Posterior communicating artery was classified in the reconstructed three-dimensional image, measured in proper planes, and located by the structures such as anterior clinoid process (ACP), posterior clinoid process (PCP), and sagittal midline. Results:Six types of PComA were identified in this study based on its existence and origin. The initial part of PComA can be located by ACP, PCP, and sagittal midline based on some particular angles and distances. Conclusions:Posterior communicating artery varies in different individuals, and the radiologic study of it is an optimal way to analyze the variances. The anatomic relations between PComA and basic skull structures such as the ACP and PCP are especially important for neurosurgeons.
A pilot study of attention bias subtypes: examining their relation to cognitive bias and their change following cognitive behavioral therapy.

OBJECTIVE The present investigation examined (a) whether a clinical sample of individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) comprises two distinct groups based on attention bias for social threat (vigilant, avoidant), (b) the relation between attention bias and cognitive bias, specifically estimates of the probability that negative social events will occur (probability bias), and (c) specific changes in attention bias following cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety. METHOD Participants were 24 individuals (nfemale = 7, nmale = 17; mage = 41) who met diagnostic criteria for SAD and sought treatment for fear of public speaking. Hypotheses were tested using t tests, linear regression analyses, and a mixed design analysis of variance. RESULTS Results yielded evidence of 2 pretreatment groups (vigilant and avoidant). There was a significant positive correlation between vigilance for (but not avoidance of) threat and probability bias (R = .561, p < .05). After 8 weeks of treatment, the direction of change in attention bias differed between groups, such that the vigilant group became less vigilant and the avoidant group became less avoidant, with the avoidant group showing a significant change in attention bias from pretreatment to posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide very preliminary support for the idea that individuals with SAD may differ according to type attention bias, avoidant or vigilant, as these biases changed in different ways following cognitive-behavioral therapy for SAD. Further research is needed to replicate and extend these findings in order to evaluate whether SAD comprises subgroups of attentional biases.
Specificity of homework compliance effects on treatment outcome in CBT: evidence from a controlled trial on panic disorder and agoraphobia.

OBJECTIVES Although homework assignments are an integral component of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and relate to positive therapy outcomes, it is unclear whether specific homework types and their completion have specific effects on outcome. METHOD Data from N = 292 patients (75% female, mean age 36 years) with panic disorder and agoraphobia and treated with standardized CBT were analyzed with homework compliance quality and quantity for different types of homework serving as predictors for different outcome variables. RESULTS Quality ratings of homework completion were stronger outcome predictors than quantitative compliance ratings. Exposure homework was a better outcome predictor than homework relating to psychoeducation and self-monitoring. CONCLUSION Different aspects of homework compliance and specific homework types might differentially relate to CBT outcome.
Premenstrual disorders and rumination.

OBJECTIVES Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) involve emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms; however, there is little understanding of psychological factors that contribute to these disorders. It was hypothesized that rumination, a form of depressive self-focused attention, is related to premenstrual distress. METHOD Study 1 involved women (N = 735) meeting criteria for No/Mild PMS, Moderate/Severe PMS, and PMDD using retrospective self-report. Study 2 involved women (N = 85) meeting diagnostic criteria for PMS or PMDD (i.e., PMD group) and healthy controls (i.e., No PMD group) following 60-day symptom monitoring. Participants in both studies completed questionnaires of rumination, anxiety sensitivity, and coping styles. RESULTS Rumination was strongly related to premenstrual disorders using both retrospective and prospective reports, as well as both categorical and continuous approaches to classification of premenstrual distress. CONCLUSIONS Rumination, a transdiagnostic factor in psychopathology, may contribute to the onset and maintenance of premenstrual distress.
Gene Expression of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces

Objective: The study shows how the influence of titanium surfaces on human mesenchymal stem cells differentiates toward osteocytes lineage and how, after growth, on machined titanium disk or etched titanium disk, changes, in gene expression for RUNX1, CTNNB1, SP7, and DLX5. Methods: Genes were analyzed by means of quantitative real-time polimerase chain reaction. Osseo genic lineage differentiation was also tested by means of the catenin-&bgr;1 immunofluorescence, induced osteoblasts, which represented the internal control. Results: The RUNX1 and SP7 expressions in the induced osteoblasts prove to be different, compared with cells cultured on metallic supports. Moreover, the levels of expression of the runt-related transcription factor 1 and the osterix appeared more down-regulated in cells that grew on a machined titanium surface. In the present experimental model, mRNA expression of DLX5 and CTNNB1 in human mesenchymal stem cells, cultured on each of the titanium surfaces, showed no differences, compared with osteoblast-induced cells. The immunofluorescence scores, for protein expression of beta-catenin in human mesenchymal stem cell treated cells, illustrates significantly improved results with the etched surface. Conclusions: Present results suggested that different titanium surfaces might induce some differences in terms of gene expression. The only gene analyzed, which proved significant differences between the 2 titanium supports, was SP7; however, the other 3 genes indicating the existence of differences between the 2 titanium groups.
Comparison of older people with psychosis living in the community and in care homes

AIMS AND METHOD To compare two groups of older people with chronic schizophrenia or delusional disorder living in the community and in care homes, along the domains of morbidity suggested by prior research. From the case-load of one old age psychiatrist, 22 individuals with chronic psychosis residing in care homes were compared to 23 living in their own homes. The measures used were: the Positive and Negative Symptom Score (PANSS; [ Kay et al , 1987 ][1]); the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE; [ Folstein et al , 1975 ][2]); the Burvill Physical Illness Scale ([ Burvill et al , 1990 ][3]); and an Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL; Lawton et al , 1969). RESULTS Those in care homes had significantly higher PANSS scores (38.9 v . 21.0, P <0.01), largely accounted for by significantly more deficit symptoms (14.2 v . 5.6, P <0.01). They also had poorer cognition and significantly greater impairment in daily-life activities but their medical condition was not significantly worse. Most were seen only by a psychiatrist. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The greater morbidity and disablement of older people with chronic schizophrenia or delusional disorder living in care homes is likely to be intrinsic to the disorder but does not appear to be taken into account in current service planning or delivery. [1]: #ref-7 [2]: #ref-4 [3]: #ref-1
Examining mechanisms of change in a yoga intervention for women: the influence of mindfulness, psychological flexibility, and emotion regulation on PTSD symptoms.

OBJECTIVE This study explored possible mechanisms through which symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were reduced in a randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of a yoga intervention with an assessment control. METHOD We examined whether changes in psychological flexibility, mindfulness, and emotion regulation strategies (expressive suppression and reappraisal) were associated with posttreatment PTSD symptoms for 38 women with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition full or subthreshold PTSD. RESULTS Hierarchical linear regression models revealed that expressive suppression significantly decreased for the yoga group relative to the assessment control. Psychological flexibility increased significantly for the control but not yoga group. However, increases in psychological flexibility were associated with decreases in PTSD symptoms for the yoga but not control group. CONCLUSION Preliminary findings suggest that yoga may reduce expressive suppression and may improve PTSD symptoms by increasing psychological flexibility. More research is needed to replicate and extend these findings.
High-pressure phase transition in Y3Fe5O12

Yttrium iron garnet (YIG, Y3Fe5O12) was examined up to 74 GPa and 1800 K using synchrotron x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell. At room temperature, YIG remained in the garnet phase until abrupt amorphization occurred at 51 GPa, consistent with earlier studies. Upon laser heating up to 1800 K, the material transformed to a single-phase orthorhombic GdFeO3-type perovskite of composition (Y0.75Fe0.25)FeO3. No evidence of decomposition of the sample was observed. Both the room-temperature amorphization and high-temperature transformation to the perovskite structure are consistent with the behaviour of other rare earth oxide garnets. The perovskite sample was compressed between 28–74 GPa with annealing to 1450–1650 K every 3–5 GPa. Between 46 and 50 GPa, a 6.8% volume discontinuity was observed without any accompanying change in the number or intensity of diffraction peaks. This is indicative of a high-spin to low-spin electronic transition in Fe3+, likely in the octahedrally coordinated B-site of the perovskite. The volume change of the inferred spin transition is consistent with those observed in other rare earth ferric iron perovskites at high pressures.
Development and Initial Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Dialectical Behavior Therapy Barriers to Implementation Scale (BTI-S).

OBJECTIVE We examined the psychometric properties of the Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Barriers to Implementation Scale (BTI-S). METHOD Participants were clinicians completing a bipartite training, separated by 6 months of self-study, to implement DBT. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted with data collected from the initial training period (N = 790), while confirmatory factor analysis was based on data from the final training period (N = 660). RESULTS The final model included 26 items and 4 factors with overall acceptable fit, χ2 (293, N = 660) = 460.989, p < . 001, comparative fit index = . 909, Tucker-Lewis index = . 899, root mean square root mean square error of approximation (90% confidence interval) = . 015. The internal reliability of the scores was low (range = .56 to .72). CONCLUSION The final model fits reasonably well and measures four domains considered important for implementation of DBT. However, the low reliability of the scores indicates that the BTI-S would be improved with further development.
Emotion-related impulsivity and rumination predict the perimenstrual severity and trajectory of symptoms in women with a menstrually related mood disorder.

OBJECTIVE Women with menstrually related mood disorders (MRMDs) demonstrate clinically significant distress during the premenstrual week that remits with the onset of menses. Relatively little is known about psychosocial mechanisms of MRMDs. Given the core affective and behavioral symptoms of MRMDs, dysfunctional responses to emotion (e.g., difficulties with awareness and regulation of emotion; rumination and impulsive or maladaptive behavior in response to emotion) may be important factors to explore as cognitive and behavioral mechanisms in MRMDs. The purpose of the present study was to examine the associations of various dysfunctional responses to emotion (as measured using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale [DERS] and brooding on the Ruminative Responses Scale [RRS]) with premenstrual symptom severity and trajectory. METHOD A total of 54 women (mean age = 38.11; 65% Caucasian) with prospectively confirmed MRMDs completed the DERS and RRS, and provided 2-4 menstrual cycles of daily symptom reports. RESULTS Only the emotion-related impulsivity subscale of the DERS was robustly associated with premenstrual symptom severity. Brooding rumination predicted a more rapid premenstrual increase and slower postmenstrual remission of some symptoms. CONCLUSION Both rumination and emotion-related impulsivity may be important treatment targets in cognitive behavioral interventions aimed at reducing symptom severity and cyclicity in MRMDs.
The anti‐apoptosis protein, survivin, mediates gastric epithelial cell cytoprotection against ethanol‐induced injury via activation of the p34cdc2 cyclin‐dependent kinase

The anti‐apoptosis protein, survivin, promotes cell survival and mitosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that survivin is expressed in normal gastric mucosa. Using an in vitro model, we examined whether survivin plays a role in the cytoprotection produced in gastric mucosa by mild irritant ethanol (ETOH) against subsequent exposure to concentrated ETOH. Pre‐treatment of rat gastric epithelial cells with 1% ETOH reduced cell death, in response to subsequent incubation with 5% ETOH, by 94% (P < 0.005). This pre‐treatment also resulted in increased total and phosphorylated survivin protein levels by 180% (P < 0.0001) and 540% (P < 0.0002), respectively, which required the p34cdc2 cell cycle‐dependent kinase. The cytoprotective effect was abrogated upon siRNA knockdown of survivin protein levels. Further, overexpression of exogenous survivin resulted in significant cytoprotection by 62% (P < 0.02) in the absence of any pre‐treatment. We further examined the in vivo relevance of these findings. In fasted rats, administration of 20% ETOH, which we found to be 93% (P < 0.0001) cytoprotective against 50% ETOH challenge, resulted in increased total and phosphorylated survivin protein levels by 234% (P < 0.001) and 214% (P < 0.02), respectively. Administration of 20% ETOH resulted in increased gastric p34cdc2 activity by 146% (P < 0.01). Inhibition of p34cdc2 by the potent inhibitor, roscovitine, abolished the increased survivin levels in response to pre‐administration of 20% ETOH and reduced the cytoprotection against 50% ETOH challenge by 59% (P < 0.01). These results indicate that survivin is a key mediator of cytoprotection against ETOH‐induced gastric injury, acting at the epithelial cell level, by a mechanism that is dependent, in part, on p34cdc2. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 750–764, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cancer testis antigens in human melanoma stem cells: Expression, distribution, and methylation status

Neoplastic populations with stem cell potential have been most recently identified in human cutaneous melanoma, and initially characterized for their phenotypic profile. Being melanoma stem cells (MSC) the most desirable target of therapeutic intervention, we asked whether they express the epigenetically‐regulated cancer testis antigens (CTA) on which melanoma immunotherapy is increasingly focusing. Reverse transcription‐PCR analyses identified the presence of the large majority of investigated CTA (i.e., MAGE, GAGE, NY‐ESO, and SSX families) in different MSC populations. MSC expressed MAGE‐A proteins as detected by western blot; noteworthy, the distribution of MAGE‐A proteins was highly homogeneous within given MSC populations as shown by confocal immunofluorescence. Promoter methylation studies unveiled a homogeneously‐demethylated MAGE‐A3 promoter that paired MAGE‐A3 expression in MSC. Altogether these findings demonstrate that MSC can be efficiently targeted by CTA‐directed immunotherapeutic approaches, and suggest that epigenetic patterns most likely drive the expression of CTA in MSC as previously shown for melanoma cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 287–291, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
X‐inactivation reveals epigenetic anomalies in most hESC but identifies sublines that initiate as expected

The clinical and research value of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) depends upon maintaining their epigenetically naïve, fully undifferentiated state. Inactivation of one X chromosome in each cell of mammalian female embryos is a paradigm for one of the earliest steps in cell specialization through formation of facultative heterochromatin. Mouse ES cells are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocyst stage embryos prior to X‐inactivation, and cultured murine ES cells initiate this process only upon differentiation. Less is known about human X‐inactivation during early development. To identify a human ES cell model for X‐inactivation and study differences in the epigenetic state of hESC lines, we investigated X‐inactivation in all growth competent, karyotypically normal, NIH approved, female hESC lines and several sublines. In the vast majority of undifferentiated cultures of nine lines examined, essentially all cells exhibit hallmarks of X‐inactivation. However, subcultures of any hESC line can vary in X‐inactivation status, comprising distinct sublines. Importantly, we identified rare sublines that have not yet inactivated Xi and retain competence to undergo X‐inactivation upon differentiation. Other sublines exhibit defects in counting or maintenance of XIST expression on Xi. The few hESC sublines identified that have not yet inactivated Xi may reflect the earlier epigenetic state of the human ICM and represent the most promising source of NIH hESC for study of human X‐inactivation. The many epigenetic anomalies seen indicate that maintenance of fully unspecialized cells, which have not formed Xi facultative heterochromatin, is a delicate epigenetic balance difficult to maintain in culture. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 445–452, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
P53 mutations in colorectal cancer from northern Iran: Relationships with site of tumor origin, microsatellite instability and K‐ras mutations

CRC‐associated P53 mutations have not been studied extensively in non‐Western countries at relatively low CRC risk. We examined, for the first time, 196 paraffin‐embedded CRC cases from Northern Iran for mutations in P53 exons 5–8 using PCR‐direct sequencing. P53 status and mutation site/type were correlated with nuclear protein accumulation, clinicopathologic variables and data on K‐ras mutations and high‐level microsatellite instability (MSI‐H). We detected 96 P53 mutations in 87 (44.4%) cases and protein accumulation in 84 cases (42.8%). P53 mutations correlated directly with stage and inversely with MSI‐H. Distal CRCs were more frequently mutated at major CpG hotspot codons [248 (8/66, 12.1%), 175 (7/66, 10.6%), and 245 (7/66, 10.6%)], while in proximal tumors codon 213, emerged as most frequently mutated (5/28, 17.9% vs. 3/66, 4.5%, P = 0.048). Transitions at CpGs, the most common mutation type, were more frequent in non‐mucinous (25% vs. 10.4% in mucinous, P = 0.032), and distal CRC (27% vs. 12.5% in proximal, P = 0.02), and correlated with K‐ras transversions. Transitions at non‐CpGs, second most common P53 mutation, were more frequent in proximal tumors (15.6% vs. 4.7% in distal, P = 0.01), and correlated with K‐ras transitions and MSI‐H. Overall frequency and types of mutations and correlations with P53 accumulation, stage and MSI‐H were as reported for non‐Iranian patients. However P53 mutation site/type and correlations between P53 and K‐ras mutation types differed between proximal and distal CRC. The codon 213 P53 mutation that recurred in proximal CRC was previously reported as frequent in esophageal cancer from Northern Iran. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 543–550, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of SNAP25 expression by HIV‐1 Tat involves the activity of mir‐128a

MicroRNAs (miRs) are short endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression by incomplete pairing with messenger RNAs. An increasing number of studies show that mammalian microRNAs play fundamental roles in various aspects of cellular function including differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. Recent findings demonstrating the presence of microRNAs in mature neuronal dendrites suggest their possible involvement in controlling local protein translation and synaptic function. HIV‐1 Encephalopathy (HIVE) is a manifestation of HIV‐1 infection that often results in neuronal damage and dysfunction. While neurons are rarely, if ever, infected by HIV‐1, they are exposed to cytotoxic viral and cellular factors including the HIV‐1 transactivating factor Tat. In this study, we show that Tat deregulates expression levels of selected microRNAs, including the neuronal mir‐128, in primary cortical neurons. We further show that mir‐128a inhibits expression of the pre‐synaptic protein SNAP25, whereas the anti‐mir‐128a partially restores Tat/mir‐128a‐induced downregulation of SNAP25 expression. Altogether, our data provide a novel mechanism by which HIV‐Tat perturbs neuronal activity. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 764–770, 2008, © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.