Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On – line Laplacian One – Class Support Vector Machines

We propose an on–line manifold regularization algorithm that is able to work in scenario where the data arrives continuously over time and is not possible to store it before to learn the classifier. We present the On–line Laplacian One–Class SVM (OLapOCSVM) an algorithm that learns from positive labeled and unlabeled data in on– line fashion. The our approach is based on conjugate gradient descent on RKHS and therefore it receives the theoretical properties of standard convex programming technique. We present an efficient way to deal with the continuous incoming data by means of a buffer which management policy is based on the current estimate of the support of the input data distribution. The experimental results show that OLapOCSVM reaches a level of performance comparable to batch algorithm LapOCSVM while it maintains the ability to work in on–line scenarios. The approach can be extended to the general semi–supervised learning setting and is an important step in direction of long learning real–world applications.
Pengaruh Teknik Desinfeksi dengan Berbagai Macam Larutan Desinfektan pada Hasil Cetakan Alginat terhadap Stabilitas Dimensional

A Impression material that is often used is alginate. Alginate has Characters imbibition and syneresis properties that can cause dimensional changes alginate mold result. Another factor to consider is the control of transmission of infection from alginate, as alginate mold result became one of the agents of transmission of infection in the dentist, it is important to take action disinfection with a disinfectant solution. Type of laboratory experimental research with the study design The Post Test Control Group Design on 72 samples of alginate mold. Sample grouping consists of 9 groups , 1 control group and 8 treatment groups with soak and spray technique using a disinfectant solution for 10 minutes. In each treatment group dimensional stability changes, except the control group because the treatment is not used. Technique that gives greater influence on changes in dimensional stability is the soaking technique. But the use of a variety of different disinfectant solution did not impact on the mold result. There are significant differences in the dimensional stability of the disinfection technique. Techniques greater dimensional stability is changing soaking technique. But the use of various disinfectant materials do not have a significant effect on the dimensional stability of alginate mold result. Recommended spraying disinfection action and further research needs to done on alginate. Keywords: Alginate, Dimensional Stability, Infection Control
A hierarchical Bayesian approach to multi-state mark―recapture: simulations and applications

Summary 1. Mark‐recapture models are valuable for assessing diverse demographic and behavioural parameters, yet the precision of traditional estimates is often constrained by sparse empirical data. Bayesian inference explicitly recognizes estimation uncertainty, and hierarchical Bayes has proven particularly useful for dealing with sparseness by combining information across data sets. 2. We developed a general hierarchical Bayesian multi-state mark‐recapture model, tested its performance on simulated data sets and applied it to real ecological data on stopovers by migratory birds. 3. Our hierarchical model performed well in terms of both precision and accuracy of parameters when tested with simulated data of varying quality (sample size, capture and survivorship probabilities). It also provided more precise and accurate parameter estimates than a non-hierarchical model when data were sparse. 4. A specific version of the model, designed for estimation of daily transience and departure of migratory birds at a mid-route stopover, was applied to 11 years of autumn migration data from Atlantic Canada. Hierarchical estimates of departure and transience were more precise than those derived from parallel non-hierarchical and frequentist methods, and indicated that inter-annual variability in parameters suggested by these other methods was largely due to sampling error. 5. Synthesis and applications . Estimates of demographic parameters, often derived from mark‐ recapture studies, provide the basis for evaluating the status of species at risk, for developing conservation and management strategies and for evaluating the results of current protocols. The hierarchical Bayesian multi-state mark‐recapture model presented here permits partitioning of complex parameter variation across space or time, and the simultaneous analysis of multiple data sets results in a marked increase in the precision of estimates derived from sparse capture data. Its structural flexibility should make it a valuable tool for conservation ecologists and wildlife managers.
(E)Merging Identities: The Dynamics of Female Friendship in Contemporary Fiction by Women

In the half century since Virginia Woolf perceived this literary cavern, women novelists have been shining lights into the dark. Critics, however, have fallen behind. While feminist social scientists have culled from letters and journals evidence of the intensity and power of female friendships, especially in nineteenth-century America, feminist literary critics have focused more exclusively on the mother-daughter bond.1 My goal is to illuminate the dynamics of women's friendships as they shape
An online summer course for prospective international students to remediate deficiencies in Math prior knowledge: the case of ALEKS

This paper is based on the experiences with remedial online learning from a national collaboration initiative of University of Amsterdam, Erasmus University and Maastricht University in the Netherlands, called 'Web- spijkeren' (http://www.web-spijkeren.nl/). This project, supported by grants for educational innovation of SURF, the Dutch higher education and research part- nership organisation for ICT, aims at developing electronic tests and tutorials for prospective students. Increased heterogeneity of prospective students causes study planning problems. Adaptive testing and remedial teaching might miti- gate these problems. The summer course described in this contribution is based on the tool ALEKS: Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces. Knowl- edge space theory is a branch of mathematical cognitive science that is espe- cially suitable in the design of adaptive diagnostic tests and tutorials for reme- dial learning in highly structured domains as mathematics. This contribution describes both the foundations of the tool ALEKS, and the usage of ALEKS in our summer course.
Antarctic grounding line mapping from differential satellite radar interferometry

The delineation of an ice sheet grounding line, i.e., the transition boundary where ice detaches from the bed and becomes afloat in the ocean, is critical to ice sheet mass budget calculations, numerical modeling of ice sheet dynamics, ice‐ocean interactions, oceanic tides, and subglacial environments. Here, we present 15 years of comprehensive, high‐resolution mapping of grounding lines in Antarctica using differential satellite synthetic‐aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR) data from the Earth Remote Sensing Satellites 1–2 (ERS‐1/2), RADARSAT‐1 and 2, and the Advanced Land Observing System (ALOS) PALSAR for years 1994 to 2009. DInSAR directly measures the vertical motion of floating ice shelves in response to tidal oceanic forcing with millimeter precision, at a sample spacing better than 50 m, simultaneously over areas several 100 km wide; in contrast with earlier methods that detect abrupt changes in surface slope in satellite visible imagery or altimetry data. On stagnant and slow‐moving areas, we find that breaks in surface slope are reliable indicators of grounding lines; but on most fast‐moving glaciers and ice streams, our DInSAR results reveal that prior mappings have positioning errors ranging from a few km to over 100 km. A better agreement is found with ICESat's data, also based on measurements of vertical motion, but with a detection noise one order of magnitude larger than with DInSAR. Overall, the DInSAR mapping of Antarctic grounding lines completely redefines the coastline of Antarctica.
Re-translating nature in post-apartheid Cape Town: The material semiotics of people and plants at Bottom Road

This paper uses actor-network theory (ANT) to study a grassrootsâ€™ ecological rehabilitation project in a marginalized area of Cape Town. By tracing the stabilization of relations between residents, authorities, plants and green areas, the paper demonstrates how ANT can be enfolded into the study of African cities as an attentive way to rethink agency, empowerment and collective action. It also shows how ANT allows for the study of epistemological and ontological politics inherent to all collective actionâ€”here demonstrating how plants participated in giving voice to memories of oppression while undermining expert-based practices that separate Nature and Culture.
Self-Renewal, Pluripotency and Tumorigenesis in Pluripotent Stem Cells Revisited

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from preimplantation embryos and are capable of both long-term proliferation (self-renewal) and differentiation into cell types of all three germ layers (pluripotency). The self-renewal and pluripotency of ESCs are sustained by certain essential transcription factors. Intriguingly, the viral transduction of these transcription factors into differentiated adult somatic cells results in reprogramming of the developmental process that the somatic cells have undergone. Consequently, pluripotent cells similar to ESCs, termed induced pluripotent stem cells, can be artificially established from specialized cells. These two types of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have held the promise of providing customized tissue replacements as well as platforms for drug screening since they were derived from human tissues and embryos. However, the heterogeneous nature of PSC cultures, which may reflect the plasticity of early embryonic cells, hampers the establishment of a definitive and reproducible culture microenvironment. In addition, the induction of PSC differentiation is dependent on random events and generates heterogeneous populations of specialized cells. Furthermore, PSCs, by definition, are able to generate benign tumors called teratomas, which consist of cell types of three germ layers. To prevent the growth of teratomas in therapeutic transplanted tissue replacements, it is necessary to establish techniques for efficiently manipulating cell fate decisions in PSCs and to understand the mechanism responsible for tumorigenesis in the stem cells. To our surprise, the mechanism of teratoma formation from PSCs has received little attention to date. Thus, in order to better understand self-renewal, pluripotency and tumorigenesis in PSCs, this chapter will address the following three simple but overlooked questions: 1. Does every pluripotent stem cell possess identical self-renewal capability? 2. Are current standard culture conditions optimal for maintaining pluripotent stem cells? 3. Is tumorigenesis an inherent feature of cellular pluripotency? Accumulating experimental evidence, including our recent studies using mouse ESCs as a model, indicates that the self-renewal of PSCs can be easily compromised by extrinsic factors in the culture microenvironment that can turn the stem cells tumorigenic. Thus, the safety of PSC-based therapy may be significantly improved by more careful manipulation and definition of the cellular microenvironment.
Conjugation of microsome generated and synthetic afIatoxin B 1-8 , 9 epoxide and styrene oxide to glutathione by purified

Glutathione (GSH) conjugation of microsome-mediated and synthetic aflatoxin B, (AFB,)-epoxide and styrene oxide has been studied with purified glutathione transferases (GSTs) from mouse and hamster liver cytosols. In hamster, with microsomally activated epoxide, the alpha group of GSTs show about IO-fold more activity than the mu group. With the synthetic AFB, epoxide, the mu enzymes designated H,B and C show considerable activity although less than alpha, whereas H,A and D demonstrate similar ranges of activity as the alpha group. The pi class of GST could not be assayed due to its absence in the hamster liver. The mouse Liver cytosols show 3.6fold greater activity than hamster cytosol in microsome mediated assay system. The mouse alpha and mu enzymes have similar ievels of activity in the microsome mediated system; this activity could not be determined with the pi GST due to shortage of this enzyme. The alpha group has 2and . 5-fold higher activity than mu and pi group of GSTs, respectively, with the synthetic epoxide of AFB,. With styrene oxide, the purified GSTs from hamster liver show total loss of activity whereas in the mouse alpha, mu and pi classes of GSTs have similar range of activity as the cytosol. The role of alpha and mu isozymes of GST in rendering these animals resistant to hepatocarcinogenecity is suggested.
Impact of SZ cluster residuals in CMB maps and CMB–LSS cross-correlations

Residual foreground contamination in cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps, such as the residual contamination from thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect in the direction of galaxy clusters, can bias the cross-correlation measurements between CMB and large-scale structure optical surveys. It is thus essential to quantify those residuals and, if possible, to null out SZ cluster residuals in CMB maps. We quantify for the first time the amount of SZ cluster contamination in the released Planck 2015 CMB maps through (i) the stacking of CMB maps in the direction of the clusters, and (ii) the computation of cross-correlation power spectra between CMB maps and the SDSS-IV large-scale structure data. Our cross-power spectrum analysis yields a $30\sigma$ detection at the cluster scale ($\ell=1500-2500$) and a $39\sigma$ detection on larger scales ($\ell=500-1500$) due to clustering of SZ clusters, giving an overall $54\sigma$ detection of SZ cluster residuals in the Planck CMB maps. The Planck 2015 NILC CMB map is shown to have $44\pm4\%$ of thermal SZ foreground emission left in it. Using the 'Constrained ILC' component separation technique, we construct an alternative Planck CMB map, the 2D-ILC map, which is shown to have negligible SZ contamination, at the cost of being slightly more contaminated by Galactic foregrounds and noise. We also discuss the impact of the SZ residuals in CMB maps on the measurement of the ISW effect, which is shown to be negligible based on our analysis.
Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Environmentally Hazardous Facility Location in Pennsylvania

This study explores the spatial relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and the distribution of environmentally hazardous facilities listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) database in Pennsylvania. Measurements of distance to, and density of, TRI facilities were predicted using U.S. Census tract level variables indicating race, poverty, educational attainment, and manufacturing employment in analyses of the entire state and of the southeast Pennsylvania Philadelphia metropolitan area. Results indicate that at the state-wide level percent minority increases with proximity to, and density of, TRI facilities. In southeast Pennsylvania high percent minority and poverty, and low educational attainment, are associated with concentrations of TRI facilities. Manufacturing employment was not found to be significantly related to TRI facility location. This study suggests that urban versus rural land use and demographic patterns are key components in understanding socioeconomic inequity in the distribution of TRI facilities in Pennsylvania. Introduction The issue of environmental justice has emerged as a primary influence on environmental policy at both the state and federal levels in the U.S. Environmental justice activists argue that racial minorities and the poor are subject to an inequitable exposure to environmental risk. This argument has been utilized with mixed success in
Climate entropy production recorded in a deep Antarctic ice core

Paleoclimate records are extremely rich sources of information about the past history of the Earth system. Information theory, the branch of mathematics capable of quantifying the degree to which the present is informed by the past, provides a new means for studying these records. Here, we demonstrate that estimates of the Shannon entropy rate of the water-isotope data from the West Antarctica Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core, calculated using weighted permutation entropy (WPE), can bring out valuable new information from this record. We find that WPE correlates with accumulation, reveals possible signatures of geothermal heating at the base of the core, and clearly brings out laboratory and data-processing effects that are difficult to see in the raw data. For example, the signatures of Dansgaard-Oeschger events in the information record are small, suggesting that these abrupt warming events may not represent significant changes in the climate system dynamics. While the potential power of information theory in paleoclimatology problems is significant, the associated methods require careful handling and well-dated, high-resolution data. The WAIS Divide ice core is the first such record that can support this kind of analysis. As more high-resolution records become available, information theory will likely become a common forensic tool in climate science.
Diversity and effective population size of four horse breeds from microsatellite DNA markers in South-Central Mexico

Abstract. The South-Central region of Mexico has experienced a sizeable introduction of purebred horses for recreational aims. A study was designed to assess effective population sizes and genetic diversity and to verify the genetic integrity of four horse breeds. Using a 12-microsatellite panel, Quarter Horse, Azteca, Thoroughbred and Creole (CRL) horses were sampled and analysed for diversity and genetic structure. Genetic diversity parameters showed high numbers of heterozygous horses but small effective population sizes in all breeds. Population structure results suggested some degree of admixture of CRL with the other reference breeds. The highly informative microsatellite panel allowed the verification of diversity in introduced horse populations and the confirmation of small effective population sizes, which suggests a risk for future breed integrity.
The Impact of Continuous Education on Intellectual Capital and Market Value of Companies: A Work-In-Progress Paper

The growth of technological modernization, associated to increased specialization, has contributed to important changes in the structure and positioning of companies, with a demand for more sophisticated and more innovative instruments of intervention. Intellectual capital constitutes the source which can meet these demands and is capable of generating wealth. It is found in people, structures and customers. In this new economy, information and knowledge – the main components of intellectual capital – are the main factors in the creation of value, producing intangible assets of great importance in companies. Thus, knowledge constitutes the most important resource for companies. This paper focuses on the theme of continuous education and its repercussion on the intellectual capital of companies, as well as on its market value. Thus it aims to analyse the existing correlations between these variables. The study will focus on companies quoted on the Portuguese Stock Market in the period (2011-2013). To analyse the relationship between investment in continuous education and the market value relevance of the company’s intangibles, will be used Tobin’s Q (Andriessen, 2004). There is empirical evidence that intellectual capital increases companies’ market value. Studies have shown that investment in training results in an increase in worker productivity which, in turn, is translated into an increase in financial performance and, consequently, on market value of the companies. The implementation of policies for continuous training is a way of disseminating individual and organizational knowledge, which can be translated into an increase in the human and intellectual capital of companies.
A Revision of Iranian Phytophthora drechsleri Isolates from Cucurbits Based on Multiple Gene Genealogy Analysis

The plant pathogenic Phytophthora drechsleri is morphologically similar to some other non-papillate Phytophthora spp. , especially P. melonis, and it is difficult to discriminate these convergent taxa. It seems that the Iranian putative P. drechsleri isolates from different cucurbit species have been generally misidentified and their characteristics do not match with P. drechsleri. In order to compare these two groups, authentic P. drechsleri isolates and isolates from different cucurbits were assessed for morphological, physiological (cultural, temperature relations, mating type), and molecular traits. Multiple gene genealogy analysis were performed on regions of nuclear (ITS, �-tubulin, translation elongation factor 1�, elicitin) and mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) gene sequences. Congruence was observed in different phylogenetic data sets. The present study demonstrated that putative P. drechsleri isolates from cucurbits and pistachio trees were a distinct species and belonged to P. melonis . Data showed that P. melonis was a homogenous species and there were no considerable molecular intraspecific variations between isolates from cucurbits and isolates from other hosts. Design of a molecular species-specific identification tool for P. melonis isolates is under investigation.
Synthesis of Au, Ag, Curcumin Au/Ag, and Au-Ag Nanoparticles and Their Nonlinear Refractive Index Properties

Nanoparticles of gold and silver were prepared by a reduction method and by employing green chemistry principles such as using curcumin as a reducing and a stabilizing agent. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectra and TEM. Mie theory was used to determine the particle sizes. The nonlinear refraction and absorption properties of the particles were measured using the z-scan technique. A large value of third-order nonlinearities was obtained using the nanoparticles produced.
Interdependence between GCC stock market and oil prices and portfolio management strategies under structural breaks

This paper empirically investigates the interdependence between GCC stock market and oil price by considering structural breaks in conditional volatility. The univariate and multivariate GARCH models are extended by including structural breaks which are determined endogenously by using ICSS algorithm proposed by Inclan and Tiao. Empirical results indicate that the inclusion of structural breaks in the model substantially reduces the volatility persistence and the estimated half-life of shocks. Hence, the conditional volatility of oil price and stock market are more affected by their own shocks and volatility when structural breaks are neglected. Likewise, our results are conclusive on conditional dependency between GCC stock market and oil price revealing that the volatility shifts reduce the shocks and volatility spillover effects. For the portfolio management, the empirical results show evidence of sensitivity of the optimal weight and hedge ratios to structural breaks in conditional volatility. Key words: GCC stock market, oil price, dependency, multivariate GARCH, structural breaks, ICSS algorithm, portfolio implications.