Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 promotes functional recovery of sweat glands by inducing adjacent microvascular network reconstruction in vivo

Abstract Background Sweat glands (SGs) have low regenerative potential after severe burns or trauma and their regeneration or functional recovery still faces many obstacles. In practice, restoring SG function requires not only the structural integrity of the gland itself, but also its neighboring tissues, especially blood vessels. Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) was first identified in vascular repair, and increasing reports showed a close correlation between cutaneous appendage specification, patterning and regeneration. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the role of CTHRC1 in SGs and their adjacent microvessels and find therapeutic strategies to restore SG function. Methods The SGs and their adjacent microvascular network of Cthrc1−/− mice were first investigated using sweat test, laser Doppler imaging, tissue clearing technique and transcriptome analysis. The effects of CTHRC1 on dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMECs) were further explored with cell proliferation, DiI-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein uptake, tube formation and intercellular junction establishment assays. The effects of CTHRC1 on SG function restoration were finally confirmed by replenishing the protein into the paws of Cthrc1−/− mice. Results CTHRC1 is a key regulator of SG function in mice. At the tissue level, Cthrc1 deletion resulted in the disorder and reduction of the microvascular network around SGs. At the molecular level, the knockout of Cthrc1 reduced the expression of vascular development genes and functional proteins in the dermal tissues. Furthermore, CTHRC1 administration considerably enhanced SG function by inducing adjacent vascular network reconstruction. Conclusions CTHRC1 promotes the development, morphogenesis and function execution of SGs and their neighboring vasculature. Our study provides a novel target for the restoration or regeneration of SG function in vivo.
Bilastine: stability-indicating a method using environmentally friendly by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)

This study describes the development and validation of a new environmentally friendly analytical method for the determination of bilastine in coated tablets and the evaluation of its capacity to be stability-indicating as well. The ecofriendly analytical method was validated by specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines (ICH) and Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Isocratic LC separation was achieved on a RP18 column using a mobile phase of sodium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous buffer solution adjusted to pH (6.0 ± 0.1) with o-phosphoric acid (85% v/v) and triethylamine (0,3% v/v) and ethanol (EtOH) in the following proportions (60:40 v/v), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 at temperature-controlled at 30 °C. The analytical method showed selectivity, good recovery and precision (intra- and inter-day), robustness, and linear over a range from 5.0 to 50 μg·mL-1.
MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS: A NEW DIMENSION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The electrons obtained from this oxidation are transferred into anode chamber where they get departed through an electrical circuit before entering into cathode region. Here they are transferred to a high potential electron acceptor such as oxygen. As current flows over a potential difference, power is generated directly from microbial fuel by the catalytic activity of bacteria. ABSTRACT Bioenergy is a renewable energy that plays an important role in meeting today’s ever increasing energy needs. Unlike biofuels, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) convert energy harvested from redox reactions directly into bioelectricity with the help of micro-organisms. Electrons produced by bacteria from their substrates are transferred to the anode and flow to the cathode linked by a conductive material containing a resistor. The anodes of a MFCs behave as bacteria’s typical electron acceptor and thus, the movement of the electrons to the cathode of the MFC through a resistor, generate electricity. MFCs as a source of bioenergy production have accelerated the research worldwide and the technical aspects of MFCs have been reviewed extensively. This paper briefly focuses on the working principle of MFC technology, chamber design and construction, future outlook and the key players involved in research of MFC.
Random walks on infinite percolation clusters in models with long-range correlations

For a general class of percolation models with long-range correlations on $\mathbb Z^d$, $d\geq 2$, introduced in arXiv:1212.2885, we establish regularity conditions of Barlow arXiv:math/0302004 that mesoscopic subballs of all large enough balls in the unique infinite percolation cluster have regular volume growth and satisfy a weak Poincar\'e inequality. As immediate corollaries, we deduce quenched heat kernel bounds, parabolic Harnack inequality, and finiteness of the dimension of harmonic functions with at most polynomial growth. Heat kernel bounds and the quenched invariance principle of arXiv:1310.4764 allow to extend various other known results about Bernoulli percolation by mimicking their proofs, for instance, the local central limit theorem of arXiv:0810.2467 or the result of arXiv:1111.4853 that the dimension of at most linear harmonic functions on the infinite cluster is $d+1$. In terms of specific models, all these results are new for random interlacements at every level in any dimension $d\geq 3$, as well as for the vacant set of random interlacements arXiv:0704.2560, arXiv:0808.3344 and the level sets of the Gaussian free field arXiv:1202.5172 in the regime of the so-called local uniqueness (which is believed to coincide with the whole supercritical regime for these models).
Improving Quality of Service in Wireless Multimedia Communication with Smooth TCP

—Wireless multimedia communications are becoming mainstays of many applications and these applications are likely to continue to grow and become more demanding. TCP, though not designed for this kind of communication, is still commonly used. Smooth TCP (STCP) has been introduced in previous research as a variant of TCP with properties that can enable it to work better in environments in which TCP was not originally designed, such as wireless multimedia communications. While STCP has been compared to TCP is some situations, it has not been compared to TCP in wireless multimedia environments. In this paper, we brieﬂy describe STCP and report on initial experiments that compare TCP and STCP through simulation. The the results suggest that STCP can provide better support than TCP for wireless multimedia communications.
Room-temperature electric field effect and carrier-type inversion in graphene films

The ability to control electronic properties of a material by externally applied voltage is at the heart of modern electronics. In many cases, it is the so-called electric field effect that allows one to vary the carrier concentration in a semiconductor device and, consequently, change an electric current through it. As the semiconductor industry is nearing the limits of performance improvements for the current technologies dominated by silicon, there is a constant search for new, non-traditional materials whose properties can be controlled by electric field. Most notable examples of such materials developed recently are organic conductors [1], oxides near a superconducting or magnetic phase transition [2] and carbon nanotubes [3-5]. Here, we describe another system of this kind - thin monocrystalline films of graphite - which exhibits a pronounced electric field effect, such that carriers in the conductive channel can be turned into either electrons or holes. The films remain metallic, continuous and of high quality down to a few atomic layers in thickness. The demonstrated ease of preparing such films of nearly macroscopic sizes and of their processing by standard microfabrication techniques, combined with submicron-scale ballistic transport even at room temperature, offer a new two-dimensional system controllable by electric-field doping and provide a realistic promise of device applications.
A measurement of the top quark's charge

The top quark was discovered in 1995 at the Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab). One way to confirm if the observed top quark is really the top quark posited in the Standard Model (SM) is to measure its electric charge. In the Standard Model the top quark is the isospin partner of the bottom quark and is expected to have a charge of +2/3. However, an alternative 'exotic' model has been proposed with a fourth generation exotic quark that has the same characteristics, such as mass, as our observed top but with a charge of -4/3. This thesis presents the first CDF measurement of the top quark's charge via its decay products, a W boson and a bottom quark, using {approx} 1 fb{sup -1} of data. The data were collected by the CDF detector from proton anti-proton (p{bar p}) collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV at Fermilab. We classify events depending on the charges of the bottom quark and associated W boson and count the number of events which appear 'SM-like' or 'exotic-like' with a SM-like event decaying as t {yields} W{sup +}b and an exotic event as t {yields} W{sup -}b. We find the p-value under the Standard Model hypothesis to be 0:35 which is consistent with the Standard Model. We exclude the exotic quark hypothesis at an 81% confidence level, for which we have chosen a priori that the probability of incorrectly rejecting the SM would be 1%. The calculated Bayes Factor (BF) is 2 x Ln(BF)=8.54 which is interpreted as the data strongly favors the Standard Model over the exotic quark hypothesis.
Primary Cell Model for Activation-Inducible Human Immunodeﬁciency Virus (cid:1)

Quiescent T lymphocytes containing latent human immunodeﬁciency virus (HIV) provide a long-lived viral reservoir. This reservoir may be the source of active infection that is reinitiated following the cessation of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in latent infection to develop new strategies to eliminate the latent HIV reservoir. We have previously demonstrated that latently infected quiescent lymphocytes can be generated during thymopoiesis in vivo in the SCID-hu mouse system. However, there is still a pressing need for an in vitro model of HIV latency in primary human cells. Here, we present a novel in vitro model that recapitulates key aspects of dormant HIV infection. Using an enhanced green ﬂuorescent protein-luciferase fusion protein-containing reporter virus, we have generated a stable infection in primary human CD4 (cid:1) CD8 (cid:1) thymocytes in the absence of viral gene expression. T-cell activation induces a >200-fold induction of reporter activity. The induced reporter activity originates from a fully reverse-transcribed and integrated genome. We further demonstrate that this model can be useful to study long terminal repeat regulation, as previously characterized NF- (cid:2) B response element mutations decrease the activation of viral gene expression. This model can therefore be used to study intricate molecular aspects of activation-inducible steps. In the ﬁrst preampliﬁcation step, we used primers to Alu and gag . This was followed by real-time PCR using internal primers and probes to the LTR- gag junction. To control for any nonin-tegrated viral DNA, we performed the preampliﬁcation step with only the gag primer (linear preampliﬁcation of DNA) or without any primers (no preampliﬁcation of DNA). Experimental samples were also compared with samples ex- posed to integrase-defective virus in parallel. A standard curve representing integrated HIV sequences was generated from cells infected with a nonspreading HIV-based reporter vector. A beta-globin standard was used to determine the number of proviruses per cell. Luciferase assay. To quantify vector expression, thymocytes were taken from culture and processed according to the Luciferase assay system (Promega) pro- tocol. Cells were washed with phosphate-buffered saline, resuspended in 1 (cid:6) cell lysis buffer (Promega), vortexed, and stored at (cid:10) 70°C. For analysis, samples were thawed and mixed with 100 (cid:7) l of Luciferase assay reagent (Promega), and the relative light units of the samples were then determined using the Monolight 2010 luminometer (Analytical Luminescence Laboratories) set at a 10-s expo-sure. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Nuclear extracts were prepared from thymocytes using the NP-40 method for cell membrane lysis (24). Protein
The Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Inhibits Phenotypic and Functional Maturation of Dendritic Cells

We recently found that the herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) latency-associated transcript (LAT) results in exhaustion of virus-speciﬁc CD8 + T cells in latently-infected trigeminal ganglia (TG). In this study we sought to determine if this impairment may involve LAT directly and/or indirectly interfering with DC maturation. We found that a small number of HSV-1 antigen-positive DCs are present in the TG of latently-infected CD11c/eYFP mice; however, this does not imply that these DCs are acutely or latently infected. Some CD8 + T cells are adjacent to DCs, suggesting possible interactions. It has previously been shown that wild-type HSV-1 interferes with DC maturation. Here we show for the ﬁrst time that this is associated with LAT expression, since compared to LAT ( - ) virus: (1) LAT ( + ) virus interfered with expression of MHC class I and the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on the surface of DCs; (2) LAT ( + ) virus impaired DC production of the proinﬂammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and TNF- a ; and (3) DCs infected in vitro with LAT ( + ) virus had signiﬁcantly reduced the ability to stimulate HSV-speciﬁc CD8 + T cells. While a similar number of DCs was found in LAT ( + ) and LAT ( - ) latently-infected TG of CD11c/eYFP transgenic mice, more HSV-1 Ag-positive DCs and more exhausted CD8 T cells were seen with LAT ( + ) virus. Consistent with these ﬁndings, HSV-speciﬁc cytotoxic CD8 + T cells in the TG of mice latently-infected with LAT ( + ) virus produced less IFN- c and TNF- a than those from TG of LAT ( - ) infected mice. Together, these results suggest a novel immune-evasion mechanism whereby the HSV-1 LAT increases the number of HSV-1 Ag-positive DCs in latently-infected TG, and interferes with DC phenotypic and functional maturation. The effect of LAT on TG-resident DCs may contribute to the reduced function of HSV-speciﬁc CD8 + T cells in the TG of mice latently infected with LAT ( + ) virus.
WIP: Exploring an Engineering Faculty’s Intention Toward Inclusive Teaching

Engineering cellular and engineering ethics. is committed to developing effective ped-agogies for ethical reasoning and engineering design and for increasing the diversity and inclusion of engineering education. faculty’s intention toward inclusive teaching. With this insight, we will provide recommendations for other engineering departments interested in improving inclusivity at their school. The underlying beliefs and background factors we discover can serve as starting points for investigations of other departments, who can adapt our findings to their own contexts. This study also provides a methodology for identifying opportunities for change in engineering schools using the reasoned action model. By using an established psychological model, we hope to uncover the deep underlying factors which can be addressed to create sustainable change towards more inclusive teaching practices in engineering.
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SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS OF THE RED PALM WEEVIL, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (OLIVIER) IN RELATION TO MATE CHOICE

Patterns of sexual dimorphism in the cuticular hydrocarbons of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A preliminary GC-MS analysis (retention time and EI mass spectrum) of dichloromethane cuticular extracts indicated that males and females share19 components above trace level. Ten of the 19 peaks found in our GC chromatographs, differed in their peak areas and relative abundance between the sexes. In mating bioassays, males attempted to mate with live and freeze-killed females, but did not respond to dead females after cuticular hydrocarbons were washed by dichloromethane, indicating that mate recognition was mediated by sex-specific contact sex pheromones. The occurrence of sexual dimorphism in cuticular hydrocarbons, together with the behavioral results supported the suggest that certain female hydrocarbons mediate mating behavior of the R. ferrugineus weevil and provide the first evidence of contact pheromones in Rhynchophorus species.
Evolutionary Insights into the Ecology of Coronaviruses (cid:1)

Although many novel members of the Coronaviridae have recently been recognized in different species, the ecology of coronaviruses has not been established. Our study indicates that bats harbor a much wider diversity of coronaviruses than any other animal species. Dating of different coronavirus lineages suggests that bat coronaviruses are older than those recognized in other animals and that the human severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus was directly derived from viruses from wild animals in wet markets of southern China. Furthermore, the most closely related bat and SARS coronaviruses diverged in 1986, an estimated divergence time of 17 years prior to the outbreak, suggesting that there may have been transmission via an unknown intermediate host. Analysis of lineage-speciﬁc selection pressure also indicated that only SARS coronaviruses in civets and humans were under signiﬁcant positive selection, also demonstrating a recent interspecies transmission. Analysis of population dynamics revealed that coronavirus populations in bats have constant population growth, while viruses from all other hosts show epidemic-like increases in population. These results indicate that diverse coronaviruses are endemic in different bat species, with repeated introduc- tions to other animals and occasional establishment in other species. Our ﬁndings suggest that bats are likely the natural hosts for all presently known coronavirus lineages and that all coronaviruses recognized in other species were derived from viruses residing in bats. Further surveillance of bat and other animal populations is needed to fully describe the ecology and evolution of this virus family. 1 along a speciﬁc lineage was calculated from the averaged model probability of all models rather than by inference from the single best-ﬁtting model (18). This approach does not require any a priori hypothesis of lineage-speciﬁc evolution. Nucleotide sequence accession The sequences reported in this paper have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers EF192155 to EF192160 and EF434376 to EF434381.
Analysis of the genome of a heterozygous lethal mutation in Caenorhabditis elegans

The issue of heterozygosity continues to be a challenge in the analysis of genome sequences. In this paper, we describe the use of allele ratios to distinguish biologically significant single nucleotide variants (SNVs) from background noise. An application of this approach is the identification of lethal mutations in C. elegans essential genes, which must be maintained by the presence of a wild-type allele on a balancer. The h448 allele of let-504 is rescued by the duplication balancer, sDp2 . We readily identified the extent of the duplication when the percent read support for the lesion was between 70-80%. Examination of the EMS-induced changes throughout the genome revealed that these mutations exist in contiguous blocks. During early embryonic division in self-fertilizing C. elegans , alkylated guanines pair with thymines. As a result, EMS-induced changes become fixed as either G  A or C  T changes along the length of the chromosome. Thus, examination of the distribution of EMS-induced changes revealed the mutational and recombinational history of the chromosome, even generations later. We identified the mutational change responsible for the h448 mutation and sequenced PCR products for an additional four alleles, correlating let-504 with the DNA coding region for an ortholog of NFκB-activating protein, NKAP. Our results confirm that whole genome sequencing (WGS) is an efficient and inexpensive way of identifying nucleotide alterations responsible for lethal phenotypes and can be applied on a large scale to identify the molecular basis of essential genes.
Resources, Conservation and Recycling Long-term model-based projections of energy use and CO 2 emissions from the global steel and cement industries

This paper presents a global simulation-model for the steel and cement industries. The model covers the full modelling chain from economic activity, to materials consumption, trade, technology choice, production capacity, energy use and CO 2 emissions. Without climate policy, the future projections based on the SSP2 scenario show a rapid increase in the consumption of steel and cement over the next few decades, after which demand levels are projected to stabilize. This implies that over the scenario period, CO 2 emissions are projected to peak in the next decades followed by a decrease below 2010 levels in 2050. There is considerable scope to mitigate CO 2 emissions from steel and cement industries, leading to resp. 80–90% and 40–80% reduction below 2010 in 2050 for a high carbon tax of 100 $/tCO 2 + 4%pa depending on the availability of Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS).
Stochastic DCA with Variance Reduction and Applications in Machine Learning

We design stochastic Diﬀerence-of-Convex-functions Algorithms (DCA) for solving a class of structured Diﬀerence-of-Convex-functions (DC) problems. As the standard DCA requires the full information of (sub)gradients which could be expensive in large-scale settings, stochastic approaches rely upon stochastic information instead. However, stochastic estimations generate additional variance terms making stochastic algorithms unstable. Therefore, we integrate some novel variance reduction techniques including SVRG and SAGA into our design. The almost sure convergence to critical points of the proposed algorithms is established and the algorithms’ complexities are analyzed. To study the eﬃ-ciency of our algorithms, we apply them to three important problems in machine learning: nonnegative principal component analysis, group variable selection in multiclass logistic regression, and sparse linear regression. Numerical experiments have shown the merits of our proposed algorithms in comparison with other state-of-the-art stochastic methods for solving nonconvex large-sum problems.