Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uma Proposta de um Serious Game no Auxílio do Aprendizado da Anatomia Humana

The process of learning the discipline of human anatomy is complex, exhaustive and highly menorious. With this based on the theory of David Paul Ausubel (1918-2008) was created a Serious Game with the purpose of assisting in the process of learning the discipline. Using the Human-Centered Desing (HCD) method to create the Game and the descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative approaches to evaluate the same. We get results from Attrakdiff's usability test that prove that the game is desired and taskoriented. After analyzing the data we verified that the Game demonstrated efficiency as an educational technology bringing interactive and playful resources together with learning. Resumo. O processo de aprendizado da disciplina de anatomia humana é complexo, exaustivo e altamente menóritico. Com isso baseado na teoria de David Paul Ausubel (1918-2008) foi criado um Serious Game com o objetivo de auxiliar no processo de aprendizado da disciplina. Foi utilizado o método Human-Centered Desing (HCD) para criar o Game e o método descritivo com abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas para avaliar o mesmo. Adquirimos com o teste de usabilidade do Attrakdiff resultados que provam que o Game é desejado e voltado para tarefas. Após a análise dos dados verificamos que o Game demonstrou eficiência como tecnologia educacional trazendo recursos lúdicos e interativos unidos ao aprendizado.
A Genetic Algorithm for Combining Visual and Textual Embeddings Evaluated on Attribute Recognition

We propose a genetic-based algorithm for combining visual and textual embeddings in a compact representation that captures ﬁne-grain semantic knowledge—or attributes—of concepts. The genetic algorithm is able to select the most relevant representation components from the individual visual and textual embeddings when learning the representations, combining thus complementary visual and linguistic knowledge. We evaluate the proposed model in an attribute recognition task and compare the results with a model that concatenates the two embeddings and models that only use monomodal embeddings.
Vibrotactile Rendering of Gunshot Events for 4D Films

—4D ﬁlms present diverse physical effects including vibration. A common approach for generating vibrotactile effects is manual authoring. Alternatively, 4D effect designers sometimes rely on direct audio-tactile conversion with no processing. While applying this direct method to gunshot events, we realized that the perceptual intensity difference between the audio and tactile channel is a major problem. In this paper, we propose a compensation method for auditory-to-vibrotactile conversion transparent to both actuator dynamics and perception.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE IN WILD AND CAPTIVE OLDFIELD MICE PEROMYSCUS POLIONOTUS SUBGRISEUS

Abstract As evidenced by domesticated species, generations in captivity can alter morphology in mammals and other taxa. This study examined morphological change in a captive wild mammal, the oldfield mouse (Peromyscus polionotus subgriseus). Specifically, cranial and mandibular size and shape were compared using geometric morphometric techniques. These data show that magnitude of change increased with generations in captivity, but physical changes between populations were not cumulative or progressive. Observed changes were likely due to relaxed selective pressures associated with captivity, coupled with founder effects. The results of this study have significant implications for captive management of mammals, particularly for those populations used for conservation. Biologists who bring animals into captivity need to be aware that morphological changes, as well as other changes, most likely have or will occur over generations in captivity. This, combined with changes taking place in wild populations, is likely to result in captive populations that are significantly different from their wild counterparts.
Student and Teacher Related Variables as Determinants of Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement in Chemistry in Lagos State, Nigeria

Significance of the Study The study would throw more light into the causal relationships between the student and teacher related variables under investigation and achievement of students in chemistry. The outcome of the study is therefore expected to assist all stakeholders in the teaching of chemistry particularly at the senior secondary school level, to fashion out appropriate strategies that would enhance the teaching and learning of the subject.
Investigation of NELFE Polymorphism and their Association with Litter Size in Two Chinese Indigenous Sheep Breeds

Litter size is an important index for assessing productivity and economic benefits in the sheep industry. The NELFE gene, which is associated with embryonic development and mammalian reproduction, was studied as a candidate gene to identify molecular markers associated with Small-tailed Han and Hu sheep prolificacy. In total, 275 Hu sheep and 318 Small-tail Han sheep were included in this study, and single nucleotide polymorphism of the ovine NELFE gene were detected in the two highly prolific sheep breeds by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing. Consequently, two polymorphism were identified in intron 1 (g.454T>C) and intron 2 (g.883A>C). Within the g.883A>C locus, two genotypes (AA and AC) were found, and minor allele frequency was smaller than 0.01 (MAF=0.003), which was not subject to do association study. Three genotypes (TT, TC, and CC) were detected in the g.454T>C locus. Of these, TC was the dominant genotype with a frequency of 0.62, and C allele was the dominant allele with a frequency of 0.52. Association analysis of g.454T>C with litter size revealed that ewes with the TC genotype had 0.25 (P<0.05) and 0.15 (P>0.05) more lambs than ewes with TT and CC genotypes, respectively. Furthermore, Hu ewes with TC genotype had 0.39 (P<0.05) and 0.27 (P<0.05) more lambs than those with TT and CC genotypes, while this significant association was not observed in Small-tail Han sheep (P>0.05). Based on our results, marker-assisted selection using NELFE is potentially warranted to increase litter size in sheep and may be of considerable economic value to sheep producers. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers
Multi-level modelling under informative sampling

We consider a model-dependent approach for multi-level modelling that accounts for informative probability sampling of first- and lower-level population units. The proposed approach consists of first extracting the hierarchical model holding for the sample data given the selected sample, as a function of the corresponding population model and the first- and lower-level sample selection probabilities, and then fitting the resulting sample model using Bayesian methods. An important implication of the use of the model holding for the sample is that the sample selection probabilities feature in the analysis as additional data that possibly strengthen the estimators. A simulation experiment is carried out in order to study the performance of this approach and compare it to the use of 'design-based' methods. The simulation study indicates that both approaches perform in general equally well in terms of point estimation, but the model-dependent approach yields confidence/credibility intervals with better coverage properties. Another simulation study assesses the impact of misspecification of the models assumed for the sample selection probabilities. The use of maximum likelihood estimation is also considered. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.
Mobile Energy Bug Diagnosis

Smartphones have become the most prevalent computing platforms because of their portability and powerful hardware equipped. However, the battery development barely catches up with the need for higher energy consumption requirement. The worse is software defects or careless developers usually make the application consume exceptionally higher amount of energy than expect and drain the battery in short time. In this work, we aimed at the abnormal battery drain issues, namely energy bugs, caused by mobile applications and proposed a diagnosis framework to address the issue. We used the online application and system utilization trackers in conjunction with unsupervised clustering and labeling to find out whether the suspect app was suffered from energy bugs, and also we interprets application actions into action units to provide the high level context information for better understanding to both general users and developers. Our experimental results show that our framework can provide high precision and low false alarm rates in diagnosis. We also provides a potential extension to further improve our system.
History of Speech Synthesis in Phonetics Research

For the past two centuries or more, a variety of devices capable of generating artificial or synthetic speech have been developed and used to investigate phonetic phenomena. The aim of this chapter is to provide a brief history of synthetic speech systems, including mechanical, electrical, and digital types. The primary goal, however, is not to reiterate the details of constructing specific synthesizers but rather to focus on the motivations for developing various synthesis paradigms and illustrate how they have facilitated research in phonetics.
The Importance of Conifers for Facilitation at Treeline: Comparing Biophysical Characteristics of Leeward Microsites in Whitebark Pine Communities

ABSTRACT In many of the alpine-treeline ecotones (ATE) of the Rocky Mountains, Pinus albicaulis (whitebark pine) is the most common conifer initiating tree islands through facilitation. We examined whether microsites leeward of P. albicaulis experience more moderate microclimate, less sky exposure, and more total soil carbon and nitrogen than other common types of leeward microsites. From July to September 2010, 2011, and 2012, in two study areas on the eastern Rocky Mountain Front, we compared microclimate, sky exposure, and total soil carbon and nitrogen leeward of four common microsites, P. albicaulis, Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce), rock, and unprotected (exposed). Microsites leeward of P. albicaulis did not consistently experience the most moderate microclimate, but both P. albicaulis and P. engelmannii leeward microsites had lower daily photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), lower average wind speeds, lower soil temperature maxima, and higher soil temperature minima. In general, conifer microsites had significantly lower values for sky exposure; but, the performance of each microsite type varied from micro to study-area scales. Our results highlight the importance of conifers as nurse objects for facilitating treeline community development in the ATE, and especially P. albicaulis because of its high abundance. High losses of P. albicaulis from infection by Cronartium ribicola may alter community dynamics and treeline response to climate warming.
Measurements of Pulsed 532 nm Laser Breakdown Spectroscopy of Synthesized Magnetite Nanoferrofluid

We describe the results of 532 nm pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) of two samples of magnetite nanoparticles (SPIONs) nanoferrofluid synthesized at room (S1) and elevated temperatures (S2) and at three different laser energy levels and pulse frequency. The size of magnetite nanoparticles, size distribution, magnetic crystalline phase and magnetization were analyzed and measured using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The SPIONs showed a distribution between 4 - 22 nm with a peak about 12 nm and saturation magnetization of about 65 emu/g. The Saha-Boltzmann analysis of spectra for medium energy level (1050 mJ) yields plasma temperatures of (3881 ± 200) K and (26,047 ± 200) K for Fe I and OV as the lowest and highest temperatures respectively. A range of corresponding electron density (Ne-) of (0.47 - 6.80) × 1020, (0.58 - 8.30) × 1020 and (0.69 - 9.96) × 1020 cm-3 were determined at 860, 1050 and 1260 mJ respectively using the estimated CCD pictures. The results confirmed a higher elements ratio for S1 than S2 and the signal intensity indicated a non-linear behaviour as a function of pulse frequency with the maximum ratio value at 3 Hz. At higher frequency of 6 Hz no such turning point was observed. The highest and lowest temperatures corresponded to Fe I and OV respectively. The LIBS technique can be utilized to study, characterize and determine the elements ratio required in most applications involving the synthesizing process.
Visible-Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging for the Identification and Discrimination of Brown Blotch Disease on Mushroom (Agaricus Bisporus) Caps

Brown blotch, caused by pathogenic Pseudomonas tolaasii, is the most problematic bacterial disease in Agaricus bisporus mushrooms. Although it does not cause any health problems, it reduces the consumer appeal of mushrooms in the market place, generating important economic losses worldwide. Hyperspectral imaging (HS) is a non-destructive technique that combines imaging and spectroscopy to obtain information from a sample. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of HSI for brown blotch identification and discrimination from mechanical damage on mushrooms. Hyperspectral images of mushrooms subjected to (1) no treatment, (2) mechanical damage or (3) microbiological spoilage were taken during storage and spectra representing each of the classes were selected. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was carried out in two steps: (1) discrimination between undamaged and damaged mushrooms and (2) discrimination between damage sources (i.e. mechanical or microbiological). The models were applied at a pixel level and a decision tree was used to classify mushrooms into one of the aforementioned classes. A correct classification of >95% was achieved. Results from this study could be used for the development of a sensor to detect and classify mushroom damage of mechanical and microbial origin, which would enable the industry to make rapid and automated decisions to discard produce of poor marketability.
Climatic Conditions and Productivity: An Impact Evaluation in Pre-Industrial England

In this paper, we bridge economic data and climatic time series to assess the vulnerability of a pre-industrial economy to changes in climatic conditions. We propose an economic model to extract a measure of total productivity from English data (real wages and land rents) in the pre-industrial period. This measure of total productivity is then related to temperatures and precipitations. We find that lower (respectively higher) precipitations (resp. temperatures) enhance productivity. Further, temperatures also have non-linear effects on productivity : large temperature variations lower productivity. We perform counterfactual exercises and quantify the effects of large increases in temperatures on productivity, GDP and welfare.
EPI-GIS : GIS ASSISTED COMPUTER TOOLS FOR DATA ACCUMULATION , COMPUTER ANALYSIS AND MODELING IN MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY

Kolchanov N.A. , Orlova G.V. , Bachinsky A.G. , Bazhan S.I. , Shvarts Ya.Sh. , Golomolzin V.V. , Popov D.Yu. , Efimov V.M. , Tololo I.V. , Ananko E.A. , Podkolodnaya O.A. , Il’ina E.N. , Rogov S.I. , Tretiakov V.E. , Kubanova A.A. , Govorun V.M. 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; 2 The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Novosibirsk, 633159, Russia; 3 Institute of Internal Medicine, SB RAMS, Novosibirsk, Russia; 4 Institute of Physical and Chemical Medicine, MZ RF, Moscow, Russia; 5 Institute of Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; 6 Institute of Automation and Electrometry, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; 7 Central Research Institute of Dermatovenerology, MZ RF, Moscow, Russia * Сorresponding author: e-mail: kol@bionet.nsc. ru
Matrix solvers for computational fluid dynamics

The SIMPLE family sequential methods have been successfully applied for many fluid dynamics problems involving such as low/high speed flows, combustion, and multi-phase flows. The convergence of the pressure correction equation is directly related to the conservation of mass and is of crucial importance to guarantee the overall convergence. However, the matrixes of the discretized pressure correction equations are nonsymmetric and not (or weakly) diagonally dominant generally. Many iterative methods are not efficient and even fail to converge when they are applied to such equations. Due to the important role and the different matrix property, the most of computing time is spent on the solution of the pressure correction equation. The CGS, Bi-CGSTAB and GMRES(m) matrix solvers are incorporated to solve the pressure correction equation in an unstructured grid Navier-Stokes flow solver in this study. The robustness of different matrix solver has been tested on a variety of cases. The efficiency of the methods is measured in terms of the computing time required to obtain a steady state solution for a solid rocket motor flow. Numerical computation is also conducted for a time accurate solution of combustion in a ramjet combustor. It turns out that the restarting version of GMRES(m) is efficient and robust for solving the linear system of pressure correction equation with the extra cost of computer memory requirements.
ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUND OF MICHELIA CHAMPACA L. BARK AND ITS ACTIVITY TEST USING MECHANISM-BASED YEAST BIOASSAY

Objectives: This study aimed to isolate the active compound of Michelia champaca L. bark and test its activity using mechanism-based yeast bioassay. Methods: The bark was extracted by methanol; fractionation was done by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. The activity of LLE fractions was tested by mechanism-based yeast bioassay. The most active fraction was then separated by vacuum liquid chromatography, further separated by classical column chromatography and purified by recrystallization. The isolate was characterized by ultraviolet-visible, infrared spectrophotometric method, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometric method. Results: The isolation process resulted in an isolate named MCET51. Characterization data showed that MCET51 was proved as liriodenine (C17H9NO3) with molecular weight 275 (m/z), an aporphine alkaloid. The activity assay showed that liriodenine was active against Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 1140, 1353, and 1138 with IC12 values were 22.15±1.71, 24.76±0.56, and 7.02±1.85 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded that M. champaca L. bark contained liriodenine which was active both as topoisomerase I inhibitor and topoisomerase II inhibitor. Keywords: Michelia champaca L. , Topoisomerase inhibitor, Mechanism-based yeast bioassay, Liriodenine.
Blood-Brain-Barrier Imaging in Brain Tumors: Concepts and Methods

Malignant gliomas are often very heterogeneous tumors with complex vasculature, frequently exhibiting angiogenesis and increased vascular permeability. In vivo measurement of the tumor vessel permeability can serve as a potential imaging biomarker to assess tumor grade and aggressiveness. It can also be used to study the response of tumors to various therapies, especially antiangiogenic therapy. Central to the concept of permeability is a thorough knowledge of the BBB and its role in brain tumors and angiogenesis. Much work has been done in the past to understand the structural/molecular composition of the BBB and the role it plays in various pathologic processes, including brain tumors. Various imaging techniques have also been used to evaluate BBB leakiness in brain tumors because higher tumor vascular leakiness is known to be associated with higher grade and malignant potential of the tumor and hence poor patient prognosis. These imaging techniques range from routine postcontrast T1-weighted images to measurement of vascular permeability using various quantitative or semiquantitative indices based onmulticompartment pharmacokinetic models. The purpose of this article is to discuss BBB anatomy; various clinically available imaging techniques to evaluate tumor vascular leakiness (perfusion imaging), including their advantages and limitations; as well as a brief discussion of the clinical utility of measuring vascular permeability in brain tumors. We will also discuss the various permeability-related indices alongwith the pharmacokineticmodels to simplify the “nomenclature
Application of Biolog Microarrays Techniques for Characterization of Functional Diversity of Microbial Community in Phenolic-contaminated Water

The impact of phenolic-contaminated water on microbial community structure was assessed using Biolog microarrays techniques. The following Biolog plates were used: GEN III plates, new test panel for identification of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, EcoPlates microarray for evaluation of functional diversity of microbial communities and phenotype microarrays (PMs) for characterization of the selected bacterial strains. Most of the isolated strains were identified as: Paenibacillus castaneae, Chryseobacterium indoltheticum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Acinetobacter johnsonie, Mycobacterium flavescens, Ralstonia pickettii, Acinetobacter schindleri, Microbacterium maritypicum. The mean value of substrate richness (S) was high (30.67). Also, microbial activity in contaminated water evaluated by AWCD and AUC was high. The mean values of AWCD and AUC were 1.5 and 740.10, respectively. Instead, the mean values of Shannon-Weiner functional diversity index (H) and Shannon Evenness index were low, 1.46 and 0.978, respectively. The carbohydrates (Carb) and carboxylic and acetic acids (C & AA) were the most utilized carbon sources by the microbial communities of phenol-contaminated water. The proprieties of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Paenibacillus castaneae to oxidize 190 different substrates as sole carbon sources (PM1 and PM2), and the sensitivity to various toxic chemical compounds at 4 different concentrations (PM11, PM12 and PM13) were evaluated. Phenotypic microarrays used identified the differences between species. Both studied bacterial strains showed high ability to metabolize aminoacids as well as carbohydrates. Among carboxylic acids Pseudomonas fluorescens was able to used more of substrates as a sole of carbon in comparison with Paenibacterium castaneae.
Human Detection with Non Linear Classification Using Linear SVM

Human detection is one of the major topics of vision research and has lots of application such as surveillance, robotics, pedestrian detection etc. Detecting human beings expeditiously is the major problem faced in many research works. Support vector machine is one of the techniques used for human detection and among them linear and non linear SVM are most popular. The performance of linear SVM decreases significantly for large set data. Non linear SVM are more promising but they are more computationally expensive. This paper presents the study of classifying the human posture like non linear SVM classification using number of linear SVM. The target space is divided into sub space by each linear SVM which result in non linear classification boundary of human posture. This paper is a review of pricewise linear support vector machine for detecting human being in various environment.