Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant failed to establish in a vineyard despite priority advantage

Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi associate with most plants and can increase nutrient uptake. As a result, commercial inoculants called “biofertilizers” containing AM fungi have been developed and marketed to increase plant performance. However, successful establishment of these inoculants remains a challenge, and may be negatively impacted by competition with fungi already present (priority effects). Perennial agriculture may be more amenable if inoculants can be successfully established on crops prior to field planting. Methods Here, we inoculate grapevine (Vitis vinifera) with a commercial inoculant in three treatments designed to manipulate the strength and direction of priority effects and quantified the abundance of the fungal strain before and after introduction using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Results We found that the introduced strain did not establish in any treatment, even with priority advantage, and inoculated vines did not differ in performance from non-inoculated vines. Fungal abundance was not greater than in pre-inoculation soil samples during any of the five years sampled and may have been impaired by high available phosphorus levels in the soil. This study highlights the need to understand and evaluate how the management of the agricultural system will affect establishment before introduction of “biofertilizers”, which is often unpredictable.
Primary Pancreatic Lymphoma: Recommendations for Diagnosis and Management

Background Primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is a rare disease representing 0.1% of all malignant lymphomas, which lacks well-defined diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. We conducted a systematic review to analyze demographic, diagnostic and therapeutic features of PPL. Methods This review identified small series and single case reports. Sources were MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane library from January 2001 to December 2020. Data were screened, extracted and the risk of bias analyzed by three independent reviewers. Results A total of 107 eligible papers (17 small series, 90 single case reports) describing 266 patients were identified. Patients had a median age of 53.1 (range 3–86) years and were males in 64.6% of cases. Abdominal pain and jaundice were the most common presenting symptoms, affecting 75.3% and 41.8% of patients, respectively. PPL had a median size of 60.6 mm (range 16–200) and it was localized in the pancreatic head in 63.7% of cases. At diagnosis most patients underwent ultrasonography followed by computed tomography. PPL typically showed low echogenicity, and lower contrast enhancement than solid tumors. Histopathological specimens were obtained by percutaneous or endoscopic biopsies in 47.7% of patients; abdominal surgery was performed in 33.5% of cases. Overall, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most frequent histological diagnosis (53.6%). However, patients aged <18 years were affected by Burkitt lymphoma in 52.4% of cases. Most patients (53.6%) received immunochemotherapy (IC) or IC plus radiotherapy (14%). Demolitive surgery appeared to be associated with impaired survival. Central nervous system (CNS) relapse or progression was observed in 20% of patients. Conclusion PPL is a rare entity, with some peculiar features at modern imaging. For diagnostic purposes percutaneous or endoscopic biopsies might be preferable, as opposed to surgery. No definite data is available about the optimal treatment, which should be tailored on the histological type and associated with CNS prophylaxis.
FACTORIAL DESIGN USED IN OPTIMIZATION IMMEDIATE RELEASE SOLID DOSAGE RANITIDINE HYDROCHLORIC. A utilização da análise fatorial na otimização da liberação imediata do Hidrocloreto de Ranitidina.

The aims of this study were to develop a predictive immediate release tablet formulation system for soluble drugs. Ranitidine hydrochloride, silicifiedmicrocrystallinecellulose (SMCC), polyplasdone XL and hydroxyprophylmethylcellulose (HPMC) E6 were evaluated for powder properties. The effects of binder (HPMC E6) and disintegrant (Polyplasdone XL) were investigated. A 3 2 factorial design was applied to optimize the drug release profile. The amount of binder and disintegrant were selected as independent variables. The times required for 50% (t50) and 80% (t80) drug dissolution and similarity factor (f 2 ) were chosen as dependent variables. The results of factorial design indicated that a high amount of binder and low amount of disintegrate favored the preparation of drug release. The difference (f 1 ) and similarity (f 2 ) factors were used to measure the relative error and the closeness (similarity) between the factorial design batches and brand name drugs. No significant difference was observed between the brand drug and ranitidine batches F1, F2, F5, F6 and F9. Ranitidine batch F2 yielded the highest value of f 2 (71%) and the lowest of f 1 (10%). This research indicates that the proper amount of binder and disintegrant can produce drug dissolution profiles comparable to their brands.
Printable PICN Composite Mechanically Compatible with Human Teeth

Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) composites are mechanically compatible with human enamel, and are therefore promising dental restorative materials. Fabrication technology for PICN composites used in tooth restorative material has been established through computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milling, however, to date, has not been successfully developed using 3-dimensional (3D) printing. This study aimed to develop a 3D-printable PICN composite as a restorative material. The PICN composite was fabricated using a specific method based on 3D printing. A 3D-printable precursor slurry containing a high concentration of silica nanoparticles was produced and 3D-printed using stereolithography (SLA). The 3D-printed object was sintered to obtain a nano-porous object, and subsequently infiltrated and polymerized with resin monomer. Three different fabrication condition combinations were used to produce the 3D-printed PICN composites, which were characterized based on microstructure, mechanical properties, inorganic content, physicochemical properties, and overall shrinkage. The 3D-printed PICN composites were also compared to 2 commercially available CAD/CAM composite blocks, namely a PICN composite and a dispersed-filler composite. The 3D-printed PICN composites exhibited a nano-sized dual-network structure comprising a silica skeleton with infiltrated resin. The 3D-printed PICN composite exhibited a similar Vickers hardness to enamel, and a similar elastic modulus to dentin. The 3D-printed PICN composite exhibited comparable flexural strength (>100 MPa) to the CAD/CAM block, and acceptable water sorption and solubility for practical use. Further, the 3D-printed model-crown underwent isotropic shrinkage during sintering without fatal deformation. Overall, the potential of this 3D-printable PICN composite as a restorative material with similar mechanical properties to human teeth was successfully demonstrated.
Efficacy of domiciliary noninvasive ventilation on clinical outcomes in posthospital chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND As newly emerging evidence was given, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with the following objectives: (I) to evaluate the effect of long-term noninvasive ventilation (NIV) on posthospital chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with respiratory failure in mortality, blood gas, exacerbation frequency; (II) to distinguish different follow-up length of longterm NIV and its effect on these outcomes. METHODS We tried to conduct and report this meta-analysis in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook (version 5.1.0) by searching the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Chinese Biomedical Literature for RCTs in humans through April 2020. Studies comparing treatment effects of domiciliary NIV with control therapy in posthospital COPD patients were conducted, and at least one of the following parameters were reviewed: mortality, gas exchange, and exacerbation frequency. RESULTS Five studies with 419 subjects were identified. The exacerbation frequency significantly decreased in patients who received domiciliary NIV [weighted mean difference (WMD) -1.74, 95% CI: -2.90 to -0.57, P=0.004]. No significant difference was found in mortality, partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2), PaCO2, and pH. Subgroup analysis of PaCO2 showed that domiciliary NIV of 3 months was most likely to decrease PaCO2, but not significant (WMD -2.95, 95% CI: -6.11 to 0.21, P=0.07). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that domiciliary NIV decreases the exacerbation frequency of posthospital COPD patients, but may not improve mortality or gas exchange. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefit of domiciliary NIV on COPD patients.
Evoluindo os pesos de uma Rede Neural Artificial uma abordagem Multiobjetivo

Resumo—Este artigo compara o treinamento de um Perceptron de Múltiplas Camadas usando Algoritmos Evolutivos Multiobjetivo (MOEA). Dois MOEAs foram usados: Speed constraint MultiObjective Particle Swarm Optimization (SMPSO) e o Algoritmo Evolutivo Multiobjetivo baseado em decomposição com Alocação de Recursos Dinâmicos (MOEA/D-DRA). Algumas combinações de valores para os parâmetros desses algoritmos foram aplicados para o problema de classificação. Para comparar os resultados dos algoritmos aplicou-se o Hypervolume como um indicador de qualidade, e a partir da média deste indicador foram realizados os testes estatı́sticos de Kruskal Willis para comparar os resultados obtidos.
Short-term functional outcome after fast-track primary total knee arthroplasty: analysis of 623 patients

Background and purpose — Early functional outcome after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been described before, but without focus on the presence of certain functional recovery patterns. We investigated patterns of functional recovery during the first 3 months after TKA and determined characteristics for non-responders in functional outcome. Patients and methods — All primary TKA in a fast-track setting with complete patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) preoperatively, at 6 weeks, and 3 months postoperatively were included. Included PROMs were Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Knee disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short-Form (KOOS-PS), and EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) including the self-rated health Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Patients with improvement on OKS less than the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) were determined as non-responders at that time point. Characteristics between groups of responders and non-responders in functional recovery were tested for differences: we defined 4 groups a priori, based on the responder status at each time point. Results — 623 patients were included. At 6 weeks OKS, KOOS-PS, and EQ-5D self-rated health VAS were statistically significant improved compared with preoperative scores. The mean improvement was clinically relevant at 6 weeks for KOOS-PS and at 3 months for OKS. Patient characteristics in non-responders were higher BMI and worse scores on EQ-5D items: mobility, self-care, usual activities, and anxiety/depression. Interpretation — Both statistically significant and clinically relevant functional improvement were found in most patients during the first 3 months after primary TKA. Presumed modifiable patient characteristics in non-responders on early functional outcome were BMI and anxiety/depression.
The relationships between cognitive control and psychological symptoms in patients with somatic symptom disorder: a pilot longitudinal study

ABSTRACT Introduction The present study explored how neurocognitive function correlated with the clinical symptoms of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) by evaluating changes in cognitive abilities according to differences in relevant factors. Methods A total of 44 patients with SSD and 30 healthy controls completed tests assessing various neurocognitive domains, including verbal memory, psychomotor speed, executive function, working memory, and sustained and divided attention. They also completed questionnaires for psychological assessment. The same tests and questionnaires were completed by 26 SSD patients 6 months later. Results The SSD patients had significantly lower scores on the attentional and verbal memory tests than did the healthy controls. Performance on the attentional test was significantly associated with the level of somatic symptoms and anxiety. The follow-up assessment results of the SSD patients revealed improved performance on the verbal learning and fluency tests as well as improvements in somatic symptoms, anxiety, and depression. It was also observed that changes in verbal learning and attentional functions were significantly associated with improvements in somatic symptoms. Conclusions The present study suggests that neurocognitive dysfunctions are subtle and not specific to SSD, but certain cognitive functions may be related to the clinical symptoms and improvements of patients with SSD.
A systematic review of the histopathologic survey on skin biopsies in patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) who developed virus or drug‐related mucocutaneous manifestations

The mucocutaneous manifestations of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) logically may reflect systemic visceral involvements. These findings are visible and easy to approach like biopsies for exact histopathologic evaluations. This systematic review was conducted to collect the mucocutaneous histopathologic data of COVID‐19 patients for future investigations and interpretations. The COVID‐19 dermatology resource of the Centre of Evidence‐Based Dermatology (CEBD) at the University of Nottingham, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Medscape was searched for relevant English articles published by June 3, 2020. This review included 31 articles, involving 459 patients. The common primary virus‐related mucocutaneous manifestations are easy to approach in the course of COVID‐19. The authors of this study supposed dermatopathological findings as the predictors of the nature of potential systemic involvements and outcomes of COVID‐19. Scrutinizing these findings can help with adopting more effective therapeutic and management strategies; nevertheless, this review found the severity and time of onset of symptoms not to be associated with the laboratory and histopathological findings. Deterioration of clinical conditions and laboratory tests was also not related to the histopathological findings. It is recommended that meta‐analyses be conducted in the future to detail on these data for having more comprehensive and better conclusion.
Training of advanced practice nurses in oncology for the best care: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE To search for evidence on the training of advanced practice nurses, through clinical practice and nursing care with cancer patients. METHOD Systematic review, searching the databases: MEDLINE-PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL. A manual search of the reference list and Google Scholar was also carried out. To assess the methodological quality of the studies, the following tools were used: Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 1) for randomized controlled trials and Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) for quasi-experimental studies. RESULTS A total of 12 experimental studies were identified. The main intervention identified in the studies was educational guidance. The studies showed improvement in pain control or other symptoms related to disease and/or treatment, satisfaction and improvement in the quality of life of cancer patients. CONCLUSION It is observed that there are studies that demonstrate the value of advanced practice nursing in oncology, through differentiated clinical training and advanced professional performance. Registration number of the systematic review: CRD42018098906.
Response factors associated with electrocautery treatment of intra-anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in a population of HIV-positive men who have sex with men

Background: Ablative treatment of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) reduces the risk of progression to anal squamous cell carcinoma. Objectives: To identify factors that influence the response to treatment of anal HSIL by electrocautery ablation (ECA) in a population of HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM). Design: Retrospective study of ECA treatment response in a prospectively followed anal dysplasia cohort. HIV-positive MSM diagnosed with anal HSIL were included. Demographic and HIV data were recorded. Response to treatment was assessed by biopsy after at least 18 months of follow-up. Results: One hundred and twenty-eight HSILs in 91 men were included in this study. The overall response rate at 18 months was 70.3%. The number of electrocautery sessions required (2 ECA sessions vs 1: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.36 (95%CI 0.13-1.01); >=3 sessions vs 1: aOR = 0.10 (95%CI 0.04-0.29); p < 0.001]) and the history of previous HPV-related anal pathology (previous anal lesions vs no previous lesions AOR = 2.83 (95%CI 1.14-7.02), p = 0.024) were independently associated with response at 18 months. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Consideration should be given to alternative therapies in patients with unresolved HSIL after 1 ECA treatment.
Indole diketopiperazine alkaloids from the deep-sea-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. FS445

Abstract Twelve indole diketopiperazine alkaloids (1‒12) including four new ones aspechinulins A‒D (1, 3, 5 and 12) were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. FS445. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis and the absolute configurations were determined by analyzing the experimental ECD data as well as the quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 1, 3 and 5 represented the first examples of indole diketopiperazine derivatives constructing a C5 unit at 11-NH through an imide linkage. The NO production inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated and compounds 2‒5, 7 and 9 exhibited potential inhibitory activities against NO production with the IC50 values in the range of 20 ∼ 90 µM.
Late frontal positivity effects in Self-referential Memory: Unique to the Self?

ABSTRACT The self-reference effect in memory (SRE), in which stimuli related to self are better remembered than other stimuli, has been studied often in the fMRI literature, but much less with EEG. In two experiments, we investigated how self-referencing modulated event-related potential (ERP) markers of the subsequent memory effect, testing whether the same components that reflect memory success are impacted or whether unique components are modulated by self-referencing. Participants were asked to evaluate whether an adjective accurately described either the self or a given other by making a yes/no key press during EEG recording. Then participants were given a surprise recognition memory test where they judged each adjective as old or new. We observed a main effect of self-relevance on a late positivity at right frontal electrodes. A very similar effect was observed when comparing words subsequently remembered to those that were forgotten. However, no interaction was found between self-relevance and subsequent memory, suggesting the frontal positivity is not exclusive to the SRE, but instead a reflection of deeper encoding that leads to better memory. Thus, this frontal positivity may be a marker of a deeper encoding process that is elicited by self-referencing but not exclusive to the SRE.
Progress of genome editing technology and developmental biology useful for radiation research

ABSTRACT Following the development of genome editing technology, it has become more feasible to create genetically modified animals such as knockout (KO), knock-in, and point-mutated animals. The genome-edited animals are useful to investigate the roles of various functional genes in many fields of biological science including radiation research. Nevertheless, some researchers may experience difficulty in generating genome-edited animals, probably due to the requirement for equipment and techniques for embryo manipulation and handling. Furthermore, after obtaining F0 generation, genome-edited animals generally need to be expanded and maintained for analyzing the target gene function. To investigate genes essential for normal birth and growth, the generation of conditional KO (cKO) animals in which a tissue- or stage-specific gene mutation can be introduced is often required. Here, we describe the basic principle and application of genome editing technology including zinc-finger nuclease, transcription-activator-like effector nuclease, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein (Cas) systems. Recently advanced developmental biology methods have enabled application of the technology, especially CRISPR/Cas, to zygotes, leading to the prompt production of genome-edited animals. For pre-implantation embryos, genome editing via oviductal nucleic acid delivery has been developed as an embryo manipulation- or handling-free method. Examining the gene function at F0 generation is becoming possible by employing triple-target CRISPR technology. This technology, in combination with a blastocyst complementation method enables investigation of even birth- and growth-responsible genes without establishing cKO strains. We hope that this review is helpful for understanding and expanding genome editing-related technology and for progressing radiation research.
Assessment of the effects of four crosslinking agents on gelatin hydrogel for myocardial tissue engineering applications

Cardiomyocyte (CM) transplantation is a promising option for regenerating infarcted myocardium. However, poor cell survival and residence rates reduce the efficacy of cell transplantation. Gelatin (GA) hydrogel as a frequently-used cell carrier is a possible approach to increase the survival rate of CMs. In this study, microbial transglutaminase (mTG) and chemical crosslinkers glutaraldehyde, genipin, and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-carbodiimide were employed to prepare GA hydrogels. The mechanical properties and degradation characteristics of these hydrogels were then evaluated. Neonatal rat CMs (NRCMs) were isolated and inoculated on the surface of these hydrogels or encapsulated in mTG-hydrogels. Cellular growth morphology and beating behavior were observed. Cellular viability and immunofluorescence were analyzed. Intracellular Ca2+ transient and membrane potential propagation were detected using fluorescence dyes (Fluo-3 and di-4-ANEPPS, respectively). Results showed that the chemical crosslinkers exhibited high cytotoxicity and resulted in high rates of cell death. By contrast, mTG-hydrogels showed excellent cell compatibility. The CMs cultured in mTG-hydrogels for a week expressed CM maturation markers. The NRCMs begun independently beating on the third day of culture, and their beating synchronized after a week of culture. Furthermore, intracellular Ca2+ transient events with periodicity were observed. In conclusion, the novel mTG-crosslinked GA hydrogel synthesized herein has good biocompatibility, and it supports CM adhesion, growth, and maturation.