Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of the inwardly rectifying potassium ion channel, Kir2.2, and its modulating receptor, NK-1 R, in rat brain

Potassium current flowing through channels of the Kir2.0 subfamily of inward rectifier channels contributes to resting membrane potential in many cell types. Suppression of inward rectifier (Kir) activity by neurokinin neurotransmitters increases neuronal excitability. Despite functional studies reporting modulation of whole-cell Kir current in the locus coeruleus (LC) of the medulla, little information is available describing the specific molecules involved. Isoform specific polyclonal antibodies were raised, characterised and utilised, revealing differential distribution patterns, (a) Kir2.2 protein was observed in the cerebellum and medulla: a similar distribution was obtained by in situ hybridisation with Kir2.2 riboprobes. (b) Kir2.1, Kir2.2 and Kir2.3 were expressed in the hippocampus. Detailed observations of tissue sections revealed immunostaining patterns in macroglia, endothelia, ependyma and vascular smooth muscle cells for Kir2.1 and Kir2.2. The NK-1 receptor was localised to plasma membranes of neurons, neuronal processes and oligodendroglia. Kir2.0 channels appeared to be distributed on plasma membranes and within the nucleus. This intracellular distribution was mimicked in transiently transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing Kir2.0 isoforms. Channel and receptor co-localisation supported the hypothesis that neuronal excitability in locus coeruleus is controlled by substance P-initiated suppression of Kir2.0 channel activity via protein phosphorylation. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Kir2.2 was investigated after administration of SP, in SN56 cell cultures. This produced a 62 kDa band, detectable by anti-Kir2.2 and anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies indicating that Kir2.2 protein could be phosphorylated via events initiated by SP. In addition, in vitro translated [^S]Methionine-labelled Kir2.2 protein was phosphorylated in vitro by PKA and PKC isoforms. In conclusion, Kir2.2 and NK-1 receptor proteins have been co-localised in locus coeruleus neurons. Some evidence has been presented consistent with Kir2.2 in vivo tyrosine phosphorylation in response to NK-1 receptor activation. In addition, in vitro phosphorylation of in vitro translated Kir2.2 protein by PKA and PKC has been demonstrated.
Magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction based on polythiophene modified magnetic graphene oxide for mercury determination in seafood followed by flow-injection cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry

A new and efficient sorbent was introduced for magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction via oxidative polymerization of thiophene on the surface of magnetic graphene oxide. The sorbent was used for the extraction of mercury at trace levels in different seafood samples. Mineralization of the samples was carried out by microwave assisted digestion. Flow-injection cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry was used for analysis of extracts. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX) and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) were applied to characterize the prepared nanoparticles. Central composite design was applied to find the optimum values of adsorption and desorption parameters affecting the extraction efficiency. The optimum conditions were obtained as extraction time of 21 min; 20.0 mg sorbent in 50 mL of the sample solution with pH of 6.5, and elution with 2.5 mL of HCl 1.7 mol L−1 under fierce vortex for 2.0 min. Under the optimal conditions, the preconcentration factor of 17 and extraction recovery of 85% were obtained. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 0.025 ng mL−1 and 1.0 ng mL−1, respectively. The calibration curve was in the range of 1.0–85 ng mL−1 with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9997. The relative standard deviations (RSD%) for intra- and inter-day precisions were 4.0% and 9.98%, respectively. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to determine mercury in seafood samples.
An Investigation of Conversational Implicature of Functional Words in Some Selected English Exchanges

English is a stress-timed language in that content words (i.e. in connected speech including nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are stressed whereas functional words including articles, prepositions, pronouns, auxiliaries and conjunctions are unstressed. Nonetheless, functional words have come strong (i.e. they are stressed) under certain circumstances. Accordingly, the main aim of the current study is to investigate the implied meaning of functional words in some selected conversational exchanges that have been downloaded from the internet . The main concluding points that the study has reached can be summarized as follows: firstly, it is found that functional words have both strong and weak forms under certain contexts. Secondly, functional words are used in strong forms when speakers try to demonstrate contrast, emphasis or indirectness. Additionally conversational implicature (related to the use of functional words) is used when speakers try to shift subjects, or make overgeneralization or avoid confrontation.
LignoForce System for the Recovery of Lignin from Black Liquor: Feedstock Options, Odor Profile, and Product Characterization

Lignin can be precipitated from kraft black liquor (BL) through the addition of an acidifying agent such as carbon dioxide or sulfuric acid. In most of the existing lignin precipitation processes that are using acid addition, sufficient acid is added to drop the pH of the black liquor from about 13–14 to about 9–10, followed by lignin particle coagulation, lignin slurry filtration, and lignin cake washing with sulfuric acid and water. At pH values of less than 11, the potential exists for the generation of significant quantities of totally reduced sulfur (TRS) compounds and other volatile sulfur species. Such compounds which include hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide are strongly odorous compounds with well-known negative effects on human health and other forms of life. To address this problem, as well as other problems associated with existing lignin recovery processes, FPInnovations and Noram recently developed a new process called the LignoForce System. This pr.
UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF CARVEDILOL IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS

In this study, new and rapid method indicating ultraviolet spectroscopic methods were developed and validated for the estimation of carvedilol in pure form and in their respective formulations. The adequate drug solubility and maximum assay sensitivity was found in methanol. The absorbance of carvedilol was measured at 241nm in the wavelength range of 200 ‐ 350 nm. The linear calibration range was found to be 50% ‐ 150%. This method was validated and applied to the determination of carvedilol in tablets. No interference was found from tablet excipients at the selected wavelength and analysis conditions. It was concluded that the developed methods are accurate, sensitive, precise, and reproducible. They can be applied directly for the estimation of drug content in pharmaceutical formulations.
Stereoselective copolymerization of amino-functionalized styrene with butadiene using a half-sandwich scandium complex

We report the stereoselective copolymerization of amino-functionalized styrenic monomers, including p-N,N-dimethylaminostyrene (DMAS), p-N,N-diethylaminostyrene (DEAS) and p-N,N-diphenylaminostyrene (DPAS) with butadiene (BD) using a half-sandwich scandium catalyst system (C5Me4SiMe3)Sc(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)2/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]. The chain-transfer reaction was efficiently inhibited with the growing steric hindrance of the amino groups. The stereoregular multiblock DEAS-BD and diblock DPAS-BD copolymers were generated with adjustable polymer compositions, controllable molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions.
Classification Of X-ray Images For Detecting Covid-19 Using Deep Transfer Learning

The coronavirus disease COVID-19 eruption is stated as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. It is affecting around 212 countries and territories across the globe. There is a need to constantly analyze and find patterns from lungs X-Ray images. Early diagnosis can constraint the exposure of person and aids to bound the feast of the virus. The manual diagnosis is quite tedious and time-consuming process. The main aim of this paper is to explore the transfer learning potential. A deep learning framework is proposed adopting the capability of pretrained Deep Convolutional Neural Network models with transfer learning. This assists in classification of the chest X-Ray Images with high level of accuracy. An analysis is done with utilization of six pretrained models – VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50V2, InceptionV3, Xception and NASNetLarge. The experiment results showed that the highest accuracy obtained was 97% using VGG16 and VGG19 with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 94% respectively.
Heat Sink Design for IMPATT Diode Sources with Different Base Materials Operating at 94 GHz

A very useful method of formulating the Total Thermal Resistance of ordinary mesa structure of DDR IMPATT diode oscillators are presented in this paper. Calculation of Total Thermal Resistance of the device along with other components associated with it, maintaining acceptable accuracy is very much important to determine the thermal performance of the oscillator during continuous wave steady state operation. A lumped analytical model of heat transfer in ordinary mesa structure of DDR IMPATT diode on semi-infinite heat sink is developed, from which the entire thermal resistance formulation is done. Calculations of Total thermal resistances associated with different DDR IMPATT diodes with different base materials operating at 94 GHz (W-Band) are included in this paper using the author’s developed formulation for both type-IIA diamond and copper semi-infinite heat sinks separately. Heat Sinks are designed using both type-IIA diamond and copper for all those diodes to operate near 500 K (which is well below the burn-out temperatures of all those base materials) for CW steady state operation. Mathematical expression of temperature inside the heat sink as a function of radius and thickness is developed and using this expression the temperature profiles inside the heat sinks are investigated thoroughly. Results are provided in the form of necessary plots and tables. This formulation will be very useful tool to design Heat sinks for practical IMPATT oscillators
Applications of proton transfer reaction and selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry in health monitoring

This thesis investigates the use of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in disease diagnosis and monitoring. VOCs may be found in the human body, in exhaled breath, faecal matter, urine, and skin. Analysis of the volatile profile produced in the human body can provide an indicator of metabolic status, allowing the screening and monitoring of different diseases and conditions, non-invasively and painlessly. In this thesis a range of highly sensitive analytical techniques have been adopted to measure such VOCs and demonstrate that such monitoring may be used as a disease diagnostic. For example breath samples may be analysed and calibrated against gas-phase standards prepared under physiologically representative concentrations as a tool for non-invasive disease monitoring, e.g. type 2 diabetes. Detailed faecal headspace analyses of two different mouse models of type 2 diabetes (Cushing´s mice and Afmid) were made. The mouse model of Cushing’s syndrome develop excessive circulating glucocorticoid concentrations, which are associated with obesity, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. The Afmid knockout mice suffer inactivation of Afmid genes, which in part regulates many functions including pancreatic secretion. These mice show impaired glucose tolerance. The gut microbiota of diabetic mice appear to have a different composition when compared to wild-type littermates, i.e. significantly increased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), ketones, alcohols and aldehydes were found in the faecal headspace of diabetic mice, and a possible link between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes is demonstrated. The use of VOCs as a screening tool of colorectal cancer was also explored. The current screening tools show lack of sensitivity and specificity for the screening of the disease. The volatile faecal profile of patients with colorectal cancer was investigated, and sulphide compounds, including hydrogen sulphide (H2S) are shown to have potential as biomarkers for screening of colorectal cancer.
The First Allogeneic Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem/stromal Cells for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Preliminary Outcomes in Four Vietnamese Infants

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe condition in premature infants that compromises theirlung function and necessitatesoxygen support. Despite major improvements in perinatal care minimizing the devastating effects, BPD remains the most frequent complication of extreme preterm birth. Our study reports the safety ofthe allogeneic administration of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (allo-UC-MSCs) and the preliminary efficacy of the treatment in four infants with established BPD.Methods: UC tissue was collected from a healthy donor, followed by propagation at the Stem Cell Core Facility at Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology. UC-MSC culture was conducted under xeno-free and serum-free conditions. Four patients with established BPD were enrolled in this study between May 25, 2018, and December 31, 2018. All four patients received two intravenous doses of allo-UC-MSCs (1 million cells/kg patient body weight (PBW) per dose) with an intervening interval of 7 days. Safety and efficacy were evaluated during hospitalization and at 7 days and 1, 6 and 12 postdischargemonths.Results: No transplantation-associated severe adverse events or prespecified adverse events were observed in the four patients throughout the study period. At the time of this report, all patients had recovered from BPD and been weaned off of oxygen support. Chest X-rays and CT scans confirmed the dramatic reduction infibrosis.Conclusions: Allo-UC-MSC transplantation is safe and might improve respiratory function anddecrease lung fibrosis in preterm infants with established BPD.Trial registration: This preliminary study was approved by Vinmec International Hospital Ethics Board, approval number: 88/2019/QĐ-VMEC, registered 12 March 2019 - retrospectively registered.
Substituent Effects on O-H Proton Dissociation Enthalpies of Catecholic Cation Radicals: A DFT Study #

Density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level was employed to investigate the substituent effects on OH proton dissociation enthalpies (PDEs) of catecholic cation radicals. First, it was revealed that the ortho OH-group had little influence on the OH PDE, because the electronic effect and the intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) effect arising from ortho OH-group counteract each other. Second, the 4-substituent effect upon OH PDEs for catecholic cation radicals was comparable to that for monophenolic cation radicals, which meant that electronic contributions played a dominant role in the substituent effects. Third, there existed good correlations between OH PDEs and other theoretical parameters, such as OH bond length and bond stretching frequency, suggesting these parameters would be valid to characterize the proton dissociation process, in contrast to the characterization of homolysis of OH bond that only bond dissociation enthalpy is an appropriate parameter.
A study of stress and quality of life in medically ill patients admitted to a hospital

Quality of life has been shown to be negatively affected in patients suffering from illnesses like diabetes mellitus, hypertension and tuberculosis and often found to be associated with higher levels of stress and psychological co-morbidities. Quality of life has also been linked to treatment adherence with poor treatment adherence often associated with poor quality of life. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between perceived stress levels, quality of life and treatment adherence in patients hospitalized with medical illnesses.
Motivation and Islamic Leadership in Global Era

Job design can affect the outcomes that the individual values. Our volunteers, having worked in various organizations inevitably discover through their experience in different jobs what kinds of outcomes to expect. Changes in the work environments do and can affect the perception of what is available, thus shaping the outcomes valued. By and large, the motivation of individuals, can be strengthened if the job or the task assigned is designed to meet the higher order needs of individuals, such as the need for recognition, for esteem and for self-actualization.
Dental Caries Classification System Using Deep Learning Based Convolutional Neural Network

In the modern times, Dental caries is one of the most prevalent diseases of the teeth in the whole world. Almost 90% of the people get affected by cavity. Dental caries is the cavity which occurs due to the remnant food and bacteria. Dental Caries are curable and preventable diseases when it is identified at earlier stage. Dentist uses the radiographic examination in addition with visual tactile inspection to identify the caries. Dentist finds difficult to identify the occlusal, pit and fissure caries. It may lead to sever problem if the cavity left untreated and not identified at the earliest stage. Machine learning can be applied to solve this issue by applying the labelled dataset given by the experienced dentist. In this paper, convolutional based deep learning method is applied to identify the cavity presence in the image. 480 Bite viewing radiography images are collected from the Elsevier standard database. All the input images are resized to 128–128 matrixes. In preprocessing, selective median filter is used to reduce the noise in the image. Pre-processed inputs are given to deep learning model where convolutional neural network with Google Net inception v3 architecture algorithm is implemented. ReLu activation function is used with Google Net to identify the caries that provide the dentists with the precise and optimized results about caries and the area affected. Proposed technique achieves 86.7% accuracy on the testing dataset.
Investigation of interaction between close and open types of SARS-Cov-2 spike glycoprotein with synthesized and natural Compounds as inhibitor; Molecular Docking Study

Purpose Viral diseases are increasingly endangering universal public health because of a shortage of successful antiviral therapies. The novel pandemic 2019 n-Cov2 disease (COVID-19) is recently identified as viral disorder triggered by a new type of coronavirus. This type of coronavirus binds to the host human receptors through the Spike glycoprotein(S) Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). Two types of spike protein have been identified in open and closed states in which the open type causes severe infection. Thus, this receptor is a significant target for antiviral drug design.Methods Totally 111*2 natural and synthetic compounds were chosen from the PubChem database as ligands. To recognize the ability of direct contact between ligands and the binding site of 2019 n-Cov 2 -ACE2 protein, we have docked all compounds to the protein using AutoDock Vina. The FaF3-Drugs, Pan Assay Intrusion Compounds (PAINS), absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) and Lipinski's rules were used to evaluate the drug-like properties of the identified ligands. Antiviral compound prediction (AVC pred) also was used to assess antivirus properties.Results The results showed that seven ligands out of all had interactions with spike protein-angiotensin converting enzyme 2 binding site. We have found that six out of seven ligands show drug-like characteristics. We also found that the fluorophenyl and propane groups of ligands had the best interaction with the binding site of the protein.Conclusion Further, our results showed the ability of these ligands to prevent receptor binding of the spike protein SARS-CoV-2, so they would be considered as novel compounds of COVID-19 therapy drugs.
North-Westward Expansion of the Invasive Range of Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) towards the EU: From Moscow to Saint Petersburg

Agrilus planipennis is a devastating invasive pest of ash trees in European Russia, Ukraine, and North America. To monitor the north-western limit of its European invasive range, in June 2018 we established 10 study plots along the federal highway M10 (Russia) that runs between Moscow and Saint Petersburg through Tver’ City (approx. 180 km from Moscow), and lined with ash trees. On each plot, 2–4 Fraxinus pennsylvanica trees with heights ranging 6.1–17.0 m and diameters ranging 7.0–18.0 cm were girdled, i.e., 50 cm of their bark were removed. The study plots were visited and girdled trees were examined in September and November, 2018, and in October, 2019. Observations revealed that the current continuous north-western limit of A. planipennis range in European Russia coincides with the north-western border of Tver’ City and this range limit has not distinctly shifted north-westward during 2015–2019. In spite of the rich food supply (due to abundant F. pennsylvanica and F. excelsior plantings) in Tver’ City and along roads going to and from, the population density of A. planipennis in the area is currently low. Recent (September 2020) sudden detection of a spatially isolated A. planipennis outbreak approx. 520 km far north-westward from Tver’ (in Saint Petersburg) suggested that A. planipennis most likely had arrived at Saint Petersburg not by gradual stepwise (flying tree-to-tree) expansion of its continuous invasive range in Tver’ City, but as a result of its accidental introduction by means of, e.g., “insect-hitchhiked” vehicles, transported plants for planting, and/or other commodities. The proximity of the reported A.planipennis outbreak to the borders of the EU (approx. 130 km to Estonia and Finland) requires urgent measures for its containment and control, and constant monitoring.
Investigating the Frequency of Free-living Amoeba in Water Resources of Bandar Abbas City, Hormozgan Province, Iran 2019-2020

Objective These amoebas can cause dangerous illnesses when they accidentally enter the human body, so it is necessary to determine various forms of organisms in water resources to prevent the danger they can cause risks to human health. Currently, in Bandar Abbas, there is no sufficient information about the distribution of Acanthamoeba, and we intended to study its frequency. Results Out of 83 water samples collected from different resources in the city, 31 plates (37.3%) were found to be positive for free-living amoebae. Of these, five were identified (6%) by culture method and 8 (9.6%) by molecular method. Positive sample sequence analysis enables us to distinguish two genotypes of T4 and T15 in this study.