Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of FGF-2 and PDGF-BB on a Co-Culture of Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

River ABSTRACT Gingival recession can be treated by root coverage procedure with tissue graft. The ideal gingiva graft should mimic the properties of the native gingiva. Gingival fibroblasts are main cells that reside in human gingiva, while the endothelial cells are the basis for blood vessel formation. The co-culture of these cells, will help in better understanding of gingival tissue regeneration. This study was aimed to determine the effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and plateletderived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on a co-culture of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In this in vitro experimental study, the medium for the establishment of monolayer and coculture of these cells were first optimised. Then, the optimal concentrations of these growth factors were determined by assessing the cell viability using MTT assay. Next, to study the stimulatory effect of these growth factors, both HGF and HUVECs were co-cultured and gene expression analysis for fibroblast and angiogenic biomarkers was assessed using Real-Time RT-PCR. Cell viability assay showed that the effect of FGF-2 on HGF was dose-dependent and was optimum at a concentration of 5 ng mL-1, while that of PDGF-BB on HUVEC was optimum at a concentration of 20 ng mL-1. The stimulatory effect of FGF-2 and PDGF-BB was further supported by the Real-Time PCR results which showed that there is a significant expression of VIM, COL1A1, FN, CD31, VE-Cadherin, and vWF in the treatment group of both cells after three days of co-culture experiment, compared to control group. This study indicates a possible synergistic effect of FGF-2 and PDGF-BB growth factors in a co-culture of HGF and HUVEC leading to proangiogenic activity.
A review of sexual dimorphism of eye size in Colubroidea snakes

Eye size is interesting in snakes because in most species body length differs between the sexes, while the eye’s performance depends on its absolute size. So, does the smaller sex see less well? We hypothesized that eye sexual mensural dimorphism (SMD) would be smaller than Body SMD. We found among 26 snake populations that body length SMD was female biased in 47.6% and male biased in 38.1% of samples. Often the larger sex’s head was further enlarged but the SMD of absolute eye size was mitigated or annulled by the smaller sex’s eye being enlarged within the head, and the head enlarged relative to the body. Overall generally the SMD of eye size was smaller than body SMD. This accords with a hypothesis that eye size affects the evolution of head size and its SMD, both reflecting and emphasizing that absolute eye size is functionally important. Although Colubridae exceed Viperidae in length, Viperidae have larger eyes in absolute terms. In Colubridae the females have larger eyes and in Viperidae the males have larger eyes. Additionally we examine to what extent SMD in different characters is correlated, and briefly review other aspects of SMD, including some aspects of Rensch’s rule.
Recapitulation of brand anthropomorphism: An innovating marketing strategy

The aim of this paper is to explain anthropomorphic marketing by illustrating the factors associated with the sociality motivation , effectance motivation, and elicited agent knowledge model (SEEK). This model was designed to explain anthropomorphic tendencies of a brand, as we do not know much about why people view non-human entities as human-like. In addition, this paper also focuses on how anthropomorphic representation strategies are used by marketers in the present scenario to build strong consumer-brand relationships and how these anthropomorphic marketing strategies affect the consumer-brand evaluation process. This paper examines the anthropomorphism of the brand by examining in depth the factors related to the SEEK model and explaining the anthropomorphic patterns of the market. It shows how consumers or advertisers view, imagine, interpret and exploit a non-human entity. Consumers can evaluate an anthropomorphic marketing strategy either positively or negatively. Therefore, marketers should use this tendency to anthropomorphise any brand or a product carefully. This literature review has important implications and it provides direction for researchers, as well as advanced investigation of brand anthropomorphism.
MICHAEL POLANYI’S NEUTRAL KEYNESIANISM AND THE FIRST ECONOMICS FILM, 1933 TO 1945

This paper explores the history of the first economics film, made by Michael Polanyi. It traces the evolution of the film from the first idea to the latest version. It portrays Polanyi’s motives for making the film, the contexts in which the film was embedded, and its perception by various individuals and communities. The paper demonstrates the novelty of both the content and the presentation of Polanyi’s economic ideas through the eyes of his contemporaries. It discusses why it was important for Polanyi to make a film about the circulation of money and the principle of neutrality, and comments on what historiographers of economic thought might learn if they put a stronger emphasis on visual representations in their pursuits.
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Including the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine.

• The University program’s 4-year curriculum, Western Reserve2, merges the disciplines of public health and medicine into a single integrated program, with a goal to prepare students to function effectively in collaborative teams and interprofessional settings. A 4-month research experience and MD thesis are required for graduation. • The 5-year College Physician Investigators program is designed to train graduates to become physician investigators and scientists committed to the advancement of biomedical research and clinical practice. During the fourth year, students complete a master’s-level thesis and graduate with an MD degree with special qualification in biomedical research. • Students can experience 4 unique health systems in Cleveland. • Five pathways (Wellness and Preventive Medicine, Urban Health, Humanities, Health Care Innovation and Technology, and World Medicine) offer enhanced curricular activities to students with a focused interest. • Students in both programs experience a longitudinal curriculum in interprofessional education (IPE) and collaborative practice in the newly designed interprofessional Health Education Campus.
Susceptibility to acaricides and detoxifying enzyme activities in the red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae Nietner (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Susceptibility of red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae Nietner (Acari: Tetranychidae), collected from conventionally-managed (synthetic acaricide usage) versus an organicallymanaged (no acaricide usage) tea plantations in Assam, India, to five synthetic acaricides was determined in laboratory bioassays. Activity of three principal detoxifying enzymes of these mite populations was also assayed. The median lethal concentrations (LC50) of ethion, dicofol, propargite, fenpropathrin, and fenazaquin were 1049.75, 599.21, 232.03, 11.44, and 6.75 ppm, respectively. Field rates of these acaricides were compared with 95% lethal concentration (LC95 in ppm) values, and a decrease in the susceptibility of the test population to ethion, propargite, dicofol and fenpropathrin was observed. There was no change for fenazaquin which was effective at lower doses than the recommended dose. Of all the acaricides tested, fenazaquin was the most toxic and ethion was the least toxic. General esterases (GEs), glutathione- S-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases exhibited a higher activity in mite population from the conventionallymanaged tea plantation as compared with the activity in mites from the organicallymanaged tea plantation. These findings may be helpful in the selection of acaricides and in developing resistance management strategies for an effective management program for this major tea pest.
Engaging online students by activating ecological knowledge

Abstract The current COVID‐19 pandemic has forced the global higher education community to rapidly adapt to partially or fully online course offerings. For field‐ or laboratory‐based courses in ecological curricula, this presents unique challenges. Fortunately, a diverse set of active learning techniques exists, and these techniques translate well to online settings. However, limited guidance and resources exist for developing, implementing, and evaluating active learning assignments that fulfill specific objectives of ecology‐focused courses. To address these informational gaps, we (a) identify broad learning objectives across a variety of ecology‐focused courses, (b) provide examples, based on our collective online teaching experience, of active learning activities that are relevant to the identified ecological learning objectives, and (c) provide guidelines for successful implementation of active learning assignments in online courses. Using The Wildlife Society's list of online higher education ecology‐focused courses as a guide, we obtained syllabi from 45 ecology‐focused courses, comprising a total of 321 course‐specific learning objectives. We classified all course‐specific learning objectives into at least one of five categories: (a) Identification, (b) Application of Concepts/Hypotheses/Theories, (c) Management of Natural Resources, (d) Development of Professional Skills, or (e) Evaluation of Concepts/Practices. We then provided two examples of active learning activities for each of the five categories, along with guidance on their implementation in online settings. We suggest that, when based on sound pedagogy, active learning techniques can enhance the online student's experience by activating ecological knowledge.
Nonlinear Conditional Model Bias Estimation for Data Assimilation

In this study, we develop model bias estimators based on an asymptotic expansion of the model dynamics for small time scales and small perturbations in a model parameter, and then use the estimators to improve the performance of a data assimilation system. We employ the well-known Lorenz (1963) model so that we can study all aspects of the dynamical system and model bias estimators in a detailed way that would not be possible with a full physics numerical weather prediction model. In particular, we first work out the asymptotics of the Lorenz model for small changes in one of its parameters and then use statistics from cycled data assimilation experiments to demonstrate that the asymptotics accurately represent the behavior of the model and that the coefficients of the nonlinear asymptotical expansion can be reasonably estimated by solving a least squares minimization problem. In data assimilation, the background error covariance matrix usually estimates the uncertainty of the model background, which is then used along with the observation error covariance matrix to produce an updated analysis. If the uncertainty of the model background is strongly influenced by time-dependent model biases, then the development of nonlinear bias estimators that also vary with time could improve the performance of the assimilation system and the accuracy of the updated analysis. We demonstrate this improvement through the combination of a constant background error covariance matrix with a dynamically-varying matrix computed using the model bias estimators. Numerical tests using the Lorenz (1963) model illustrate the feasibility of the approach and show that it leads to clear improvements in the analysis and forecast accuracy.
Helminth fauna of the small intestine in the European red fox, Vulpes vulpes with notes on the morphological identification of Echinococcus multilocularis.

The small intestines parasite fauna in 561 red foxes from Romania was polyspecific with the predominance of nematodes (91.4%), followed by cestodes (90.7%) and trematodes (15%). The highest intensity of infection was found for cestodes. 3. A total number of 17 species of helminths were found: Alaria alata, Dipylidium caninum, Echinococcus multilocularis, Mesocestoides lineatus, Taenia polyacantha, T. hydatigena, T. multiceps, T. pisiformis, T. serialis, T. taeniaeformis, T. crassiceps, T. ovis, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala, Toxascaris leonina, Toxocara canis and Trichuris vulpis. Ecological niche preference of each parasite species is discussed. A morphological description of E. multilocularis isolates from Romania is also given.
Inverse Analogue of Ailamujia Distribution with Statistical Properties and Applications

The present paper deals with the inverse analogue of Ailamujia distribution (IAD). Several statistical properties of the newly developed distribution has been discussed such as moments, moment generating function, survival measures, order statistics, shanon entropy, mode and median . The behavior of probability density function (p.d.f) and cumulative distribution function (c.d.f) are illustrated through graphs. The parameter of the newly developed distribution has been estimated by the well known method of maximum likelihood estimation. The importance of the established distribution has been shown through two real life data.
Image Batik Classification Based using Ensemble Learning

Automatic feature descriptor is substantial part of component in the textural image retrieval and classification. Image batik has its unique pattern characteristic such as color intensity, ornament visualisation and ornament size. In motive of batik classificatin rneed feature extraction methods. The scale invariant feature transform (SIFT ) can be used for feature descriptor in some applications. In this paper, we presents an efficient based on Bag of Words (BoW) with features of scale invariant feature transform and ensemble classifier for improving classification accuracy.
Pregnancies in kidney transplant recipients with complement gene variant-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy

Abstract Background Pregnancies in patients with complement gene variant-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (cTMA) are challenging, and pregnancies in such patients after kidney transplantation (KTX) are even more so. Methods We identified nine pregnancies following KTX of three genetically high-risk cTMA patients enrolled in the Vienna thrombotic microangiopathy cohort. Preventive plasma therapy was used in three pregnancies, and one patient had ongoing eculizumab (ECU) therapy during two pregnancies. Results Seven out of nine pregnancies (78%) resulted in the delivery of healthy children. The other two included one early abortion at gestational Week 12 during ongoing ECU therapy and one late foetal death at gestational Week 33 + 3, most likely not related to complement dysregulation. Kidney transplant function after delivery remained stable in all but one pregnancy. In the aforementioned case, a severe cTMA flare occurred after delivery despite use of preventive plasma infusions. Kidney graft function could be rescued in this patient by ECU. As such, successful pregnancies can be accomplished in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with a history of cTMA. We used preemptive plasma therapy or ongoing ECU treatment in selected cases. Conclusions Thus, becoming pregnant can be encouraged in KTRs with native kidney cTMA. Extensive preconception counselling, however, is mandatory in such cases.
Identification and rescue of misregulated insulin signaling in a Drosophila model of fragile X syndrome

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an undertreated neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by low IQ and a range of symptoms including disordered sleep and autism. Although FXS is the most prevalent inherited cause of intellectual disability, its mechanistic underpinnings are not well understood. Using Drosophila as a model of FXS, we show that select expression of dfmr1 in the insulin-producing cells (IPCs) of the brain is sufficient to restore normal circadian behavior and to rescue the memory deficits in the fragile X mutant fly. Examination of the insulin signaling pathway revealed elevated levels of Drosophila insulin-like peptide 2 (Dilp2) in the IPCs and elevated insulin signaling in the dfmr1 mutant brain. Consistent with a causal role for elevated insulin signaling in dfmr1 mutant phenotypes, expression of dfmr1 specifically in the IPCs reduced insulin signaling, and genetic reduction of the insulin pathway led to amelioration of circadian and memory defects. Furthermore we showed that treatment with the FDA approved drug metformin also rescued memory. Finally, we showed that reduction of insulin signaling is required during the pupal period to improve circadian rhythmicity, but is not required until adulthood to rescue memory. Our results indicate that insulin misregulation underlies the circadian and cognitive phenotypes displayed by the Drosophila fragile X model, and thus reveal a metabolic pathway that can be targeted by new and already approved drugs to treat fragile X patients. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Cell & Molecular Biology First Advisor Thomas A. Jongens Second Advisor Meera Sundaram
Do They Really Try to Save Their Buddy? Anthropomorphism about Animal Epimeletic Behaviours

In this study, we asked participants to answer an online questionnaire about videos showing animal epimeletic behaviours: an individual (a sparrow, an elephant and a macaque) displayed behaviours towards an inanimate conspecific who suddenly got back to conscious at the end of the footage. A fourth video showed a dog-robot kicked by an engineer to demonstrate its stability. After each video, questions were asked to score the degree of anthropomorphism of participants, from mentophobia (no attribution whatever the species) to full anthropomorphism and to measure how close participants are to biological reality (actual scientific knowledge). A first important result is that there is a negative correlation (about 61%) between the anthropomorphism score (AS) and the biological reality one (BRS) showing a wrong statement. The heterogeneity of responses proved that all levels of anthropomorphism are covered from mentaphobia to full anthropomorphism. However, the scores participants attributed to animals differ according to the species shown in the video and to human characteristics. Understanding how one can play with these factors can conduct to better relationships with animals as encourage human-robot interactions. Finally, such reflective anthropomorphism can lead to an increase of human empathy and sociality, finally increasing our humanity.
A sneak peek into contemporary philanthropy: The case of The Giving Pledge

UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are broad, ambitious and inspiring. While most of the investments for the achievement of the goals come from governments and inter-governmental organizations, an important part of the funding to advance on them come from philanthropists. The Giving Pledge is a commitment from the world’s wealthiest families to donate at least half of their fortunes, which currently has 190 signatories, giving to a wide range of causes. The aim of this paper is to examine the signatories’ causes of choice and establish how they are aligned with SDGs. Following a mixed methodology, we first conducted a content analysis on the letters the signatories submit when joining the Pledge to uncover elements that explain the incidence to support certain causes above others, drawing from self-presentation theory and the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior. Then, quantitative analysis results show that there is unequal private support for the achievement of the SDGs. As expected, tame challenges, such as those related to education, health and the preservation of the cultural heritage and the arts are the most supported. This is explained by a traditional and constructive approach to philanthropy.
Lack of Cascading Effects of Eurasian Lynx Predation on Roe Deer to Soil and Plant Nutrients

This study examines the extent to which above-ground trophic processes such as large carnivore predation on wild ungulates can cause cascading effects through the provision of carrion resources to below-ground ecosystem processes in the boreal forest of southeastern Norway. We measured the levels of 10 parameters in soil samples and 7 parameters in vegetation (wavy hair-grass, Avenella flexuosa, and bilberry, Vaccinium myrtillus) at 0, 0.5 and 2 m distance from 18 roe deer (Capreolus caprelous) carcasses killed by Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx). We then compared these values to two control sites 20 m away from each carcass. Sampling was conducted 20–29 months after death. Neither soil nor vegetation samples showed a clear gradient in parameters (CN, NH4+, NO3−, P, PO4−, Ca, K, Mg and Na) from the center of a carcass towards the periphery. Similarly, there was no difference in the effect on soil and vegetation between winter- and summer-killed carcasses. Our results contrast with that of other studies that simulate the effect of predation with whole carcasses and which often exclude scavengers through fencing. The lack of detectable effects after about two years is likely due to the small size of roe deer carcasses and the fact that most tissues are consumed by the predator and scavengers before decomposition.
Retail Signage During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Early in 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic began to impact countries across the world. Within weeks, people’s normal social behavior had to be changed in order to stop the spread of the disease. In Canada, where this study takes place, governments and public health departments were the primary and trusted information sources. Photographs of retail signs were taken by the author in one neighborhood in a major Canadian city in March and April. Along with descriptive information, the author speculates on the meaning conveyed by the printer-paper signs, beyond their traditional role of supporting wayfinding. Paper’s relative fragility may have simultaneously reflected the uncertainty that people felt in the early days of the pandemic, while its familiar and timeless presence may have provided a sense of emotional security and direction. Marking a return to “business as usual”, stores replaced many, but not all of the informal signs with professionally produced and branded signs suggesting that the early “blind panic” had been replaced by a form of “steady state”. One could say that retailers demonstrated corporate social responsibility through their efforts in creating and posting the signs to create awareness of, educate, and reinforce the new and changing social distancing behaviors.
Parasitic Protozoans in Some Edible Fresh Water Fishes of River Asan, District Murena

In the present thesis, an effort has been made to study the various species of Myxobolus in freshwater fishes. Total 695 fishes belonging to different genera and 8 species are investigated for this purpose. Nine species of Myxobolus have been described. Their incidence, Morphology, and taxonomy are studied and compared. An attempt has been made to study the pathological effects of parasites on different organs viz. skin, muscles and gills. Effect of parasites on the growth of fishes is also noticed. Infection in muscles is caused by Myxobolus cultus, Myxobolus dujardini, Myxobolus cycloid, Myxobolus oviforme, Myxobolus cognati, Myxobolus ellipsoideus, Myxobolus cerebralis. The infection in Muscles is reported in Channa striatus, Clarias batrachus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala and Wallago attu. Gills are infected by Myxobolus oviforme in Clarias batrachus. Myxosporidian infection is noticed in gill lamellae only. Skin and muscles are infected by Myxobolus oviforme in Clarias batrachus and the infection is reported in melanophores. Calcification is reported in gills only while necrosis is only noticed in the skin.