Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caractérisation botanique et agronomique de trois espèces de cucurbites consommées en sauce en Afrique de l’Ouest : Citrullus sp., Cucumeropsis mannii Naudin et Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl

Il existe en Cote d’Ivoire au moins cinq especes de Cucurbitaceae improprement appelees “pistaches” dans les centres urbains et cultivees a petite echelle, essentiellement par les femmes, pour leurs graines oleagineuses. Ces especes occupent une importante place dans la vie socioculturelle de plusieurs peuples. Cependant, tres peu d’etudes permettant l’amelioration de la production de ces plantes (abordant notamment la taxonomie, la collecte des ressources genetiques, la caracterisation genetique, l’evaluation agronomique et la selection varietale) ont ete realisees. Afin de pouvoir recenser des caracteristiques a examiner facilement et rapidement pendant et apres les missions de prospection et collecte de ces cucurbites, nous realisons dans la presente etude, pour les trois especes les plus repandues [Citrullus sp. , Cucumeropsis mannii Naudin et Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl] une description botanique et une analyse de onze caracteres agronomiques : le poids de 100 graines, le taux de germination, le temps necessaire a l’emergence des plantules, le poids des fruits matures, le temps necessaire a la decomposition des fruits, le nombre moyen de graines par fruit, la forme des graines, le diametre du fruit, le diametre de la cavite du fruit, le temps de floraison et le temps de fructification. Les analyses statistiques realisees sur neuf de ces caracteres montrent que les trois especes peuvent etre completement distinguees a l’aide de six caracteres tandis que les trois autres caracteres ne permettent que des distinctions partielles. De faibles rendements ont ete observes chez les trois especes : 11,41 kg/ha de graines decortiquees chez C. mannii, 18,51 kg/ha chez Citrullus sp. et 75,14 kg/ha chez L. siceraria. A partir des elements de rendement observes, les possibilites d’amelioration de la production de ces cucurbites sont discutees.
Regulation of Cell Polarity in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae establishes cell polarity at several stages during cell division. At the beginning of the division cycle, yeast cells choose sites for cell division in specific spatial patterns that are under genetic control of the cell-type and of external conditions. Diploid strains bud in a bipolar budding pattern, where cells form buds either near their birth site, called the proximal pole, or at the pole opposite to the birth site, called the distal pole. Diploid strains change the pattern of cell division from bipolar to unipolar when switching growth from the unicellular yeast-form to filamentous, pseudohyphal cells in respons to nitrogen starvation. In this work, the molecular functions of two transmembrane glycoproteins, Bud8p and Bud9p were investigated. Bud8p is highly concentrated at the distal pole of daughter cell under all conditions, where it directs initiation of cell division. Bud9p is localized at both poles, but it is required for selection of the proximal pole. In pseudohyphal cells, nutritional starvation for nitrogen efficiently prevents distal localization of Bud9p. Biochemical analysis showed that Bud8p and Bud9p associate in vivo. We propose that Bud8p acts as a landmark protein for bud initiation at the distal pole, whereas Bud9p inhibits cell division at the distal pole, but it serves as a landmark protein at the proximal pole. The role of Myo3p and Myo5p representing the yeast type I myosins in regulation of the bipolar bud site selection program was analyzed. Type I myosins are required for budding pattern that is directed by Bud8p and Bud9p. Furthermore, Myo3p physically interacts with Bud8p protein. Our data suggest that type I myosins might control bud site selection by bipolar landmark proteins to induce site-specific actin assembly and cell growth. Two-hybrid screening identified several cytoplasmic proteins that interact with Bud8p and that have been implicated in cellular transport and translation. Two of these proteins, Rpl12Ap and Scp160p, associate with Bud8p physically. Both proteins are also required for appropriate budding pattern. Therefore, we suggest that that Bud8p might regulate cell polarity and directed cell division by interaction with components that have essential functions in the processes of cellular transport and translation.
THE EFFECT OF TWO MANDIBULAR CLASS I REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE DESIGNS ON THE PERIODONTAL HEALTH OF THE ABUTMENT TEETH: A RANDOMIZED SPLIT-MOUTH CLINICAL TRIAL

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of RPI direct retainer designs in mandibular Kennedy’s class I removable partial denture cases, on the periodontal conditions of their abutment teeth.Materials and methods: A total of 10 systemically healthy Patients were selected with mandibular Kennedy class I with symmetrical healthy periodontium at first premolar abutments split mouth mandibular class I removable partial denture designs RPI, I-bar (Rest, proximal plate and I bar) in one side (side A) and a modified RPI clasp assembly (Rest, proximal plate connected by lingual bracing arm to the rest and I Bar) in other side (side B) were constructed. Clinical evaluation(gingival index, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss) and recording of GCF levels of Interlukin1s IL1 –β using ELISA were carried out for all patients at base line (time of denture insertion), 3 months and 6 months after denture insertion at mandibular free end saddle abutments.Results: A statistically significant increase in the mean IL-1s levels after 3 months with further significant increase after 6 months was recorded in both sides (P ≤ 0.05) further, side B showed a statistically increased IL-β levels compared to side A. Regarding clinical parameters, side B showed a statistical significant increase at 6 months compared to side A regarding PD with no significant difference between the 2 sides at 3 months ,as for CAL and GI, although side B showed an increased readings in 6 months and 3 months compared to side A, a non significant difference was recorded between the 2 sides, as well, a non significant change in GI and CAL was recorded in both sides over the study period . Conclusion: within the limitation of our study, the modified RPI clasp induced increasing of proinflammatory cytokines IL- 1s levels in GCF compared conventional RPI clasp assembly. Both Clasp designs have an effect on periodontal health of free end saddle’s partial denture abutments.
IN VITRO ANTHELMINTHIC ACTIVITY OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA (AIT.) R. BR. LEAVES

Objective: Helminthiasis affects over two billion people worldwide, particularly in the tropical region. A number of medicinal plants have been used to treat parasitic infections in man and animals. In the present study, the anthelminthic potential of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. leaves extract was evaluated. Methods: The ethanolic extract of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. leaves was separated into n-butanol and water fractions. The n-butanol fraction was subjected to column chromatography. Ethanolic extract, n-butanol, and water fractions as well as n-hexane, chloroform, chloroform: methanol (9:1); chromatographic elutes of n-butanol fraction were evaluated for in-vitro anthelmintic activity using Indian earthworm Pheretima posthuma as a experimental models. Results: The results indicated that ethanolic extract, water fraction, n-hexane, and chloroform elutes showed better activity as compared to n-butanol fraction and chloroform: methanol (9:1) elute of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. leaves. Conclusion: The present investigation is the scientific validation of the anthelmintic activity of C. procera (Ait.) R. Br. leaves in view of its usage in ethnoveterinary practice. It is suggested that further research is required for identification of active principles. Keywords: Calotropis procera, Chromatographic elutes, Pheretima posthuma, Anthelmintic activity.
PENGARUH LAMA EKUILIBRASI TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA SAPI ACEH SETELAH PEMBEKUAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGENCER ANDROMED

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama ekuilibrasi terhadap kualitas semen sapi aceh setelah pembekuan dengan menggunakan pengencer andromed. Sampel semen dikoleksi dari 1 ekor sapi aceh jantan sehat berumur 3 -4 tahun menggunakan vagina buatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat kelompok perlakuan lama ekuilibrasi dengan enam kali ulangan. Koleksi semen dilakukan satu kali dalam seminggu selama enam minggu. Semen yang berkualitas baik selanjutnya diencerkan dengan media AndroMed ® dengan perbandingan 1 : 4. Selanjutnya dimasukan dalam straw dan diekuilibrasi selama 1 jam, 2 jam, 4 jam dan 6 jam pada suhu 5 0 C, selanjutnya diamati motilitas, persentase hidup dan membran plasma utuh. Kemudian dilakukan pembekuan di atas uap nitrogen cair selama 9 menit dan disimpan di dalam kontainer yang berisi nitrogen cair pada suhu -196 oC. Setelah penyimpanan selama 1 minggu, masing-masing semen beku dicairkan kembali ( thawing ) untuk dievaluasi kualitasnya. Data kualitas spermatozoa yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis varian satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan lama waktu ekuilibrasi berpengaruh secara nyata (P 0,05) dibandingkan dengan ekuilibrasi selama 6 jam. Simpulan lama ekuilibrasi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas spermatozoa sapi aceh setelah pembekuan dengan menggunakan medium Andromed. Kata kunci. Sapi aceh, Kualitas semen beku, lama ekuilibrasi, AndroMed ®
Phosphorus physiology of the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium

Abstract : Primary producers play a critical role in the oceanic food chain and the global cycling of carbon. The marine diazotroph Trichodesmium is a major contributor to both primary production and nitrogen fixation in the tropical and subtropical oceans. These regions are often characterized by low phosphorus (P) concentrations, and P deficiency of Trichodesmium could limit growth, and constrain nitrogen fixation by this genus. Three key components of P metabolism in cyanobacteria include: inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) hydrolysis, and polyphosphate (polyP) biosynthesis and catabolism. These three pathways lay the foundation for the four chapters that make up the body of this thesis. Chapter two examines the relative importance of Pi and DOP in Trichodesmium in the Sargasso Sea by measuring uptake rates and uptake kinetics of 33Pi and DOP (using alpha labeled adenosine-5'-triphosphate 33P-ATP as a model P ester compound). The in situ uptake rates suggest that the contribution of P ester to total P uptake can be greater than 25% for Trichodesmium, and therefore P esters are important for supplementing Trichodesmium's P demand. Chapter three confirms the presence of polyP in the Sargasso Sea populations. This is the first detection of polyP in an oligotrophic system and may indicate micro-scale variability in DIP or DOP supply. Chapter four examines the regulation of several genes involved in P scavenging in cultures of Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101: two copies of a high affinity phosphate binding protein (pstS and sphX) and two putative alkaline phosphatases (phoA and phoX). Chapter five calibrates the expression of phoX to decreases in nitrogen fixation rate in Trichodesmium cultures allowing the use of phoX expression as a molecular indicator of P limitation of nitrogen fixation. Detection of phoX expression in the North Atlantic and South Pacific identified the extent and magnitude of P limitation in these regions.
Genetic correlations between three countries for conformation traits

Exensive exchange of dairy cattle germ-plasm (semen, embryos, live animals) currently takes place between countries and have promDted the need for accurate bull comparisons. To date several procedures flike conversion formulas and linear model comparisons (LMC)) have been followed in order to tackle that issue. These methods suffer from several limitations, which are mostly overcome by schaeffer and Zhang,s (1993) extension of the LMC procedure; multi-trait across country evaluation (MACE). Knowledge of genetic parameters across coutnry is required by this method. To date international genetic evaluation studies in dairy cattle have considered only production traits. However, availability of international genetic evaluations for additional traits would better serve breeding goals around the world. problems often associated with additional traits are lack of records in some countries and different trait definitions among countries (Banos and Sigurdsson , 1gg4l. The aim of this study is to estimate genetic variances and covariances botween Denmark, Canada and the United States of America for conformation traits in Holstern bulls.
P450s in the biosynthesis of diterpenoid phytoalexins in rice

Rice (Oryza sativa) produces momilactone diterpenoids as both phytoalexins and allelochemicals. Strikingly, the rice genome contains a biosynthetic gene cluster for momilactone production, located on rice chromosome 4, which contains two cytochromes P450 mono-oxygenases, CYP99A2 and CYP99A3, with undefined roles; although it has been previously shown that RNAi double knock-down of this pair of closely related CYP reduced momilactone accumulation. Here we attempted biochemical characterization of CYP99A2 and CYP99A3, which ultimately required complete gene recoding to enable functional recombinant expression. With these constructs it was possible to demonstrate that, while CYP99A2 does not exhibit significant activity with diterpene substrates, CYP99A3 catalyzes consecutive oxidations of the C19 methyl group of the momilactone precursor synpimara-7,15-diene to form, sequentially, syn-pimaradien-19-ol, syn-pimaradien-19-al and syn-pimaradien-19-oic acid. These are presumably intermediates in momilactone biosynthesis, as a C19 carboxylic acid moiety is required for formation of the core 19,6--
Three-Dimensional Human Bronchial-Tracheal Epithelial Tissue-Like Assemblies (TLAs) as Hosts for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV Infection

A three-dimensional (3-D) tissue-like assembly (TLA) of human bronchial-tracheal mesenchymal (HBTC) cells with an overlay of human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells was constructed using a NASA Bioreactor to survey the infectivity of SARS-CoV. This TLA was inoculated with a low passage number Urbani strain of SARS-CoV. At selected intervals over a 10-day period, media and cell aliquots of the 3-D TLA were harvested for viral titer assay and for light and electron microscopy examination. All viral titer assays were negative in both BEAS-2B two-dimensional monolayer and TLA. Light microscopy immunohistochemistry demonstrated antigen-antibody reactivity with anti-SARS-CoV polyclonal antibody to spike and nuclear proteins on cell membranes and cytoplasm. Coronavirus Group 2 cross-reactivity was demonstrated by positive reaction to anti-FIPV 1 and anti-FIPV 1 and 2 antibodies. TLA examination by transmission electron microscopy indicated increasing cytoplasmic vacuolation with numerous electron-dense bodies measuring 45 to 270 nm from days 4 through 10. There was no evidence of membrane blebbing, membrane duplication, or fragmentation of organelles in the TLAs. However, progressive disruption of endoplasmic reticulum was observed throughout the cells. Antibody response to SARS-CoV specific spike and nucleocapsid glycoproteins, cross-reactivity with FIPV antibodies, and the cytoplasmic pathology suggests this HBTE TLA model is permissive to SARS-CoV infection.
Rates of Recombination and Chain Pair Biases Greatly Influence the Primary γδ TCR Repertoire in the Thymus of Adult Mice1

Analyses of the rearrangement status of the TCRγ and TCRδ chain loci in progenies of individual γδ thymocytes showed a hierarchy of the different Vγ and Vδ gene segments to participate in a recombination reaction. Moreover, individual TCRγ chains only pair efficiently with a variable number of TCRδ chains. Interestingly, these two parameters are inversely correlated such that the TCRγ and TCRδ chains that rearrange more often show a higher level of restriction in their pairing capabilities. Our data suggest that these mechanisms, together with a natural variation affecting the expected frequencies at which rearrangement of different Vγ gene segments give raise to functional TCRγ chains, have coevolved to maximize the diversity of the γδ TCR repertoire minimizing the risk that a γδ T cell will express more than one TCR specificity at the cell surface, despite the fact that multiple TCRγ rearrangements take place in the same progenitor cell.
Pheno-metabolomics characterization of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain collection by integrative data analysis approaches

CBMA Molecular and Environmental Research Centre, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia IBB Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Catolica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
Structural Feature and Molecular Interaction of Basic Amino Acid-Picric Acid Complexes by X-Ray Crystal Analyses

As a part of elucidating the structural features of a host molecule necessary for the recognition of basic amino acids, the crystal structures of the picrates of DL-arginine (1), L-arginine (2), L-lysine (3) and L-ornitine (4) have been determined by X-ray analyses. The molecular packing pattern is found to be common in these crystal structures. The picric acids themselves form layers perpendicular to a crystallographic axis, and respective basic amino acids are packed into these layers, where the amino acids themselves also form singly or doubly arranged layers in a head-to-tail fashion and are stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the α-carboxyl and guanidyl or terminal amino groups. The picric acid interacts with the amino acid by three to seven NH(amino acid). O(picric acid) hydrogen bonds. A notable feature of the molecular interaction commonly found in complexes I-A is the simultaneous fixation at three portions of the amino acid (α-amino, α-carboxyl and terminal amino or guanidyl groups) by a hydrogen bond and/or electrostatic interactions. In conclusion, it was shown that both the crystal packing and the molecular interaction modes are important for the complex formation between the basic amino acid and picric acid molecules
Análise de potenciais interações medicamentosas e reações adversas a anti-inflamatórios não esteroides em idosos

Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze potential drug interactions and adverse reactions to NSAIDs in elderly users of a private drug distribution service. Method: A prospective, exploratory and descriptive study with a quantitative approach was performed. The elderly users of NSAIDs attended by the service were interviewed and their prescriptions analyzed between May and September, 2014. Analysis of drug interactions was performed through computerized databases. The post-sales analysis of adverse reactions was performed using the Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale. Statistical analysis was performed with the Chi-squared and Fisher's Exact tests. Results: The study evaluated 200 elderly persons, among whom women predominated (56.5%). The average age was 65 years ±10. The NSAIDs accounted for 38.7% of prescription drugs used, and included dipyrone (26.9%), nimesulide (22.8%) and ketoprofen (16.3%). A total of 8.5% of such drugs were considered inappropriate medications for the elderly. A total of 104 potential drug interactions were identified, of which 24% were considered highly clinically significant. The NSAIDs with the greatest risk of interactions were ketoprofen 46.2%, ketorolac 14.4%, nimesulide 12.5% and diclofenac 9.6%. In post-sales monitoring 30.5% of the elderly persons reported undesirable symptoms after the use of NSAIDs, with stomach discomfort the most prevalent (17%). Conclusion: The present study confirmed the importance of monitoring the use of NSAIDs among the elderly due to the increased risk of drug interactions and adverse reactions associated with age, concomitant diseases, multi- prescriptions and polypharmacy. The choice of appropriate drugs for the elderly, the reconciliation of all the medications taken by the patient, and effective pharmaceutical care are measures that can contribute to the rational and safe use of NSAIDs.
Single-stranded DNA enhances the rate of product release during nucleotide hydrolysis reaction by T7 DNA helicase

Bacteriophage T7 gp4A' is a ring-shaped hexameric DNA helicase that catalyzes duplex DNA unwinding using dTTP hydrolysis as an energy source. To investigate the effect of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) on the kinetic pathway of dTTP hydrolysis by the T7 DNA helicase complexed with ssDNA, we have first determined optimal concentration of long circular M13 single-stranded DNA and pre-incubation time in the absence of which is necessary for the helicase-ssDNA complex formation. Steady state dTTP hydrolysis in the absence of by the helicase-ssDNA complex provided of . Pre-steady state kinetics of the dTTP hydrolysis by the pre-assembled hexameric helicase was monitored by using the rapid chemical quench-flow technique both in the presence and absence of M13 ssDNA. Pre-steady state dTTP hydrolysis showed distinct burst kinetics in both cases, indicating that product release step is slower than dTTP hydrolysis step. Pre-steady state burst rates were similar both in the presence and absence of ssDNA, while steady state dTTP hydrolysis rate in the presence of ssDNA was much faster than in the absence of ssDNA. These results suggest that single-stranded DNA stimulates dTTP hydrolysis reaction by T7 helicase by enhancing the rate of product release step.
The effect of elevated CO2 on autotrophic picoplankton abundance and production in a eutrophic lake (Lake Taihu, China)

The effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on the community structure and primary production of the autotrophic picoplankton of a eutrophic lake were studied in Lake Taihu, China. We conducted in situ experiments with three CO2 concentrations (270, 380 and 750ppm) over four seasons during 2012 and 2013. Our results showed that phycocyanin-rich picocyanobacteria were dominant in winter and that photosynthetic picoeukaryotes were prevalent during the other three seasons. CO2 elevation could significantly increase the abundance of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes in all seasons except winter, but did not have any influence on picocyanobacterial abundance. CO2 enrichment caused an increase in the primary production of the picoplankton community in most seasons, and significant differences were observed among the treatments in summer and winter. In addition, the contribution of picoplankton to total primary production significantly increased under higher CO2 concentrations in winter. The increase in the abundance of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes and the primary production of picoplankton under high CO2 concentrations may reduce the transfer of matter and energy to higher trophic levels and increase the importance of the microbial food web.