Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison of two pulp revascularization techniques using platelet-rich plasma and whole blood clot

Aim: The aim of this preliminary study was to compare outcomes of two regenerative endodontic protocols in necrotic teeth with open apices. Methodology: Forty teeth with open apices in patients with an age range of 15-54 were randomly distributed in two groups: group 1, with whole blood clot in the canal (n=20) and group 2, whole blood with Platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the canal (n=20). Clinical and radiological follow up assessments were undertaken over a period ranging from 6 months to one year. Radiographic Root Area (RRA) was measured using the freeware ImageJ. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent samples t test and the Chi-squared test, the significance level was set at p=0.05. Results: There was no difference in the percentage change in RRA between the PRP group and whole blood-clot + PRP group. Conclusion: Whole blood clot and PRP are comparable on the grounds of percentage change in RRA and there is no statistically significant difference between the two in a follow-up period of up to one year.
Micro-computed tomographic analysis of the marginal adaptation of a calcium silicate-based cement to radicular dentin after removal of three different intracanal medicaments – An in vitro study

Context: This study focuses on the marginal adaptation of a calcium silicate-based cement to the root dentin after retrieval of different intracanal medicaments. Aim: This study compared the marginal adaptation of a calcium silicate-based cement to radicular dentin in the apical third of the root canal following the use of three different intracanal medicaments. Materials and Methods: Forty single-rooted premolar teeth (n = 40) were decoronated 13 mm above the root apices; then, 3 mm of the root tips were resected to standardize the root length. Orthograde cleaning and shaping were done using the rotary files and apical enlargement using peeso reamers. Depending on the intracanal medicament used, the samples were equally divided into four groups: Group 1 - control, Group 2 - Metapex, Group 3 - triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and Group 4 - calcium hydroxide with Propolis. Subsequently, the medicament was removed and a 3 mm apical barrier of BiodentineTM was placed and later scanned using an ex vivo micro-computed tomography scanner. Statistical Analysis Used: One-way ANOVA F-test and Tukey's post hoc test were used. Results: Maximum adaptation was seen in control group (0.65) > Propolis (1.47) > TAP (4.37) > Metapex (5.25); a high statistically significant difference between the four groups was found (P < 0.001) with regard to the external voids between BiodentineTM and radicular dentin. Conclusion: On comparison of the marginal adaptation of Biodentine to root canal dentin following the use of three different intracanal medicaments, maximum adaptation was seen in Group 1, followed by Group 4, Group 3, and Group 2.
Preparation of thin carbon nanotubes by catalytic pyrolysis on a support

The preparation of single-walled, double-walled and thin multi-walled nanotubes by hydrocarbon pyrolysis or carbon monoxide catalytic decomposition is considered. The versions of methods, reagents and catalysts are described systematically. The kinetics and mechanisms of processes are characterised. Trends in the development of methods for nanotube synthesis are shown: the increasing role of pyrolytic methods as compared with the graphite sublimation. The advantages of thin multi-walled nanotubes over single-walled ones are noted. Some unsolved problems are formulated.
Application of computational chemistry methods to obtain thermodynamic data for hydrogen production from liquefied petroleum gas

The objective of this study was to estimate thermodynamic data, such as standard enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy changes of reaction and, consequently, chemical equilibrium constants, for a reaction system describing the hydrogen production from Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). The acquisition of those properties was made using computational chemistry methods and the results were compared with experimental data reported in the literature. The reaction system of steam reforming of LPG was reported as a set of seven independent reactions involving the chemical species n-C4H10, C3H8, C2H6, C2H4, CH4, CO2, CO, H2O, H2 and solid carbon. Six computational approaches were used: Density Functional Theory (DFT) employing Becke's three parameter hybrid exchange functional, and the Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional (B3LYP) using the 6-31G++(d,p) basis set and the composite methods CBS-QB3, Gaussian-1 (G1), Gaussian-2 (G2), Gaussian-3 (G3) and Gaussian-4 (G4). Mole fractions of the system components were also determined between 873.15 and 1173.15 K, at 1 atm and a feed with a stoichiometric amount of water. Results showed that the hybrid functional B3LYP/6-31G++(d,p), G3 and G4 theories were the most appropriated methods to predict the properties of interest. Gaussian-3 and Gaussian-4 theories are expected to be good thermodynamic data predictors and the known efficient prediction of vibrational frequencies by B3LYP is probably the source of the good agreement found in this study. This last methodology is of special interest since it presents low computational cost, which is important when more complex molecular systems are considered.
Removal of nitrogen monoxide through a novel catalytic process. 2. Infrared study on surface reaction of nitrogen monoxide adsorbed on copper ion-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolites

The authors have studied the adsorption of NO onto copper loaded ion-exchanged zeolites by means of infrared spectroscopy coupled with isotopic techniques. Such zeolites have been reported to be catalytically active for the decomposition of NO, and the development of such catalysts for exhaust gas treatments is a major factor behind this work. The authors studied the molecular form that NO took when it was adsorbed, and the nature of the sites which would bind NO. They found bound forms of the nature, NO{sup {delta}+}, NO{sup {delta}{minus}}, and (NO){sub 2}{sup {delta}{minus}}. They also observed the formation of N{sub 2} and N{sub 2}O.
Microfabrication of silicon tip structures for multiple-probe scanning tunneling microscopy

We report the fabrication of arrays of silicon tips suitable for multiple-tip scanning tunneling microscopy applications (STM). We have produced silicon tips by reactive ion etching using only photoresist masks, removing the need for the extra processing required to produce oxide masks. These tips have been oxide-sharpened to reduce their radius of curvature to less than 10 nm. Metallic coating of the tips makes them suitable for STM measurements, by the addition of an appropriate metallic layer. The use of thick resist layers makes it possible to protect the tips during further processing such that they have been integrated on 20 μm mesa structures. Further patterning of thick resists over these structures enables individual contact to be made to the tips via lift-off. We have also produced single silicon tips suitable for STM by selecting individual tips from arrays. Images of grating structures shows these tips have well defined tip shape compared with STM tips produced by conventional methods, while atomic resolution STM measurements have also been obtained.
Loch Lomond (Younger Dryas) Stadial Glaciation Style at Wolf Crags, Eastern Lake District

Several studies have attempted to reconstruct Loch Lomond Stadial (12.9-11.7 cal. ka BP) glaciers in Britain. In the Lake District early interpretations of moraine ridges led to the reconstruction of predominantly cirque and valley glaciers. However, more recent reinterpretations based on analyses of summit geomorphology and modern analogue glaciers, have argued that a plateau icefield was a more plausible landsystem for parts of the Lake District during the LLS. This study uses geomorphological mapping of landforms at and adjacent to Wolf Crags, the site of a previously reconstructed cirque glacier, at the northern end of the Helvellyn range, eastern Lake District. Evidence of blockfields, meltwater channels and gullies on the plateau edges are indicative of a cold-based protective ice mass on the summit. The reconstructed ice-marginal positions demonstrate retreat of two outlet glaciers at Wolf Crags and in the valley of Groove Beck towards a contiguous glacier on the plateau above these sites. It is suggested that a plateau icefield is a more plausible glacial landsystem for the Wolf Crags region and probably fed other outlet glaciers in the valleys to the south of Groove Beck. This highlights the need for a reassessment of previous palaeoclimatic inferences made for the Lake District during the Loch Lomond Stadial.
New Generation of Hybrid Materials Based on Gelatin and Bioactive Glass Particles for Bone Tissue Engineering

Hybrid scaffolds based on bioactive glass (BAG) particles (<38μm), covalently linked to the gelatin (G*), using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), have been studied for bone bioengineering. In this study, two glass compositions (13-93 and 13-93B20 [where 20% of the SiO2 was replaced with B2O3]) were introduced in the gelatin matrix. The Cfactor (Gelatin/GPTMS molar ratio) was kept constant at 500. The hybrids obtained were found to be stable at 37°C, in solution; condition at which pure gelatin is liquid. All hybrids were characterized by in vitro dissolution in TRIS solution (for up to 4 weeks) and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) (for up to 2 weeks). Samples processed with 13-93B20 exhibit a faster initial dissolution and significantly faster precipitation of a hydroxyapatite (HA) layer. The faster ion release and HA precipitation recorded from the G*/1393B20 samples, is attributable to the higher reactivity of borosilicate compared to the silicate glass. MC3T3-E1 cells behavior, in direct contact with the hybrids, was investigated, showing that the cells were able to proliferate and spread on the developed biomaterials. Tailoring the glass composition allows to better control the material’s dissolution, biodegradability, and bioactivity. Bioactive (especially with 13-93B20 BAG), and biocompatible, the hybrids are promising for bone application.
Statistical analysis of non-methane hydrocarbon variability at a European background location (Jungfraujoch, Switzerland)

The manuscript by Lanz et. al addresses presents an eight year volatile organic com-pound (VOC) data set from Jungfraujoch in Switzerland that is analyzed using a factor analysis method to characterize source(s) and source regions for air masses encoun-tered at this site. The manuscript addresses relevant scientiﬁc questions that are ap-propriate for ACP and presents an impressive long-term VOC data set from a remote, high-altitude site centrally located in Europe. While the authors have used a factor analysis of 10 hydrocarbons and halocarbons to determine the source types and pro-vided a reasonable argument for using 4 factors, my main concern is that 4 factors do
Pasting and rheological properties of quinoa‐oat composites

Summary Quinoa (Chenopodium, quinoa) flour, known for its essential amino acids, was composited with oat products containing β-glucan known for lowering blood cholesterol and preventing heart disease. Quinoa–oat composites were developed and evaluated for their pasting and rheological properties by a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) and an advanced rheometer. All quinoa–oat composites showed increased pasting viscosities with increases in oat contents. The elastic modulus G′ and viscous modulus G″ for all quinoa–oat composites were higher than quinoa, suggesting that oat products increased the viscous properties of composites. Shear-thinning properties were observed for all the composites. Improved water-holding capacities (WHC) were found for the composites containing quinoa with nutrim or oat bran concentrate compared to quinoa alone. All the WHC of quinoa–oat composites were increased with the higher amounts of oat components. These quinoa–oat composites have improved nutritional value and texture qualities suitable for functional food applications.
BLOCKCHAIN FOR BANKING SYSTEMS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Blockchain is a promising technology for both academic studies and practical industrial applications. It enables decentralized public ledgers to hold immutable data securely and ensures that the data cannot be altered. Digital identities, social media, supply chain management, luxury goods, and financial assets are among the domains that have widely benefited from this technology. In the literature, we found only a few review papers that target the banking domain, instead of a complete overview of the blockchain-based financial sector. These reviews are limited in reports and articles. Accordingly, the main aim of this study is to present an overview of blockchain-based banking services and discuss the challenges of applying blockchain technologies in the banking domain to give a clear understanding to professionals and researchers in this domain.
AN APPROACH FOR EFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA DATA

Analysis of social media data is now become an important part of almost every organization. Organization analyse the past and present records to get informative insights of customer feedback about services/products being offered. However the analysis of data is mostly based on the point of view of emotions expressed in the dataset. A Data Analysis becomes a treasure for an organization when identi-fication of expressed views are accompanied with the hidden information reside within a social media data. This paper will present a framework for Data Analysis which includes Sentiment Analysis and Feedback Analysis. The proposed framework is an approach to perform data analysis which not only discovers the sentiment views but also discovers the hidden knowledge in terms of suggestions and complaints. The proposed work is performed over a Twitter dataset by using N-Gram approach & Naïve Bayes classifier and is implement over Hadoop framework. Performance of proposed framework is examined by calculating Pre-cision, Recall, F1 Score and Accuracy, which are very satisfactory.
Extraction procedures for the HPLC determination of 5-fluorouracil in biological samples

Abstract An extraction procedure was optimized for the reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic determination of 5-Fluorouracil in rabbit plasma, liver, kidney, lung and heart samples. The extraction conditions are adapted to each type of matrix in order to achieve high extraction yields (ca. 90%) and interference-free chromatographic peaks.
Keywords: Fish: Rainbow trout: Nutrition: Plant-based diet: Marine diet: Metabolomics: NMR

The long-term effect of a plant (P)-based diet was assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) metabolomics in rainbow trout fed a marine fish meal (FM)–fish oil (FO) diet (M), a P-based diet and a control commercial-like diet (C) starting with the first feeding. Growth performances were not heavily altered by long-term feeding on the P-based diet. An H-NMR metabolomic analysis of the feed revealed significantly different soluble chemical compound profiles between the diets. A set of soluble chemical compounds was found to be specific either to the P-based diet or to the M diet. Pterin, a biomarker of plant feedstuffs, was identified both in the P-based diet and in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet. H-NMR metabolomic analysis on fish plasma and liver and muscle tissues at 6 and 48 h post feeding revealed significantly different profiles between the P-based diet and the M diet, while the C diet showed intermediate results. A higher amino acid content was found in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet compared with the M diet after 48 h, suggesting either a delayed delivery of the amino acids or a lower amino acid utilisation in the P-based diet. This was associated with an accumulation of essential amino acids and the depletion of glutamine in the muscle, together with an accumulation of choline in the liver. Combined with an anticipated absorption of methionine and lysine supplemented in free form, the present results suggest an imbalanced essential amino acid supply for protein metabolism in the muscle and for specific functions of the liver.
MaxSense

Detection of hardware Trojans is vital to ensure the security and trustworthiness of System-on-Chip (SoC) designs. Side-channel analysis is effective for Trojan detection by analyzing various side-channel signatures such as power, current, and delay. In this article, we propose an efficient test generation technique to facilitate side-channel analysis utilizing dynamic current. While early work on current-aware test generation has proposed several promising ideas, there are two major challenges in applying it on large designs: (i) The test generation time grows exponentially with the design complexity, and (ii) it is infeasible to detect Trojans, since the side-channel sensitivity is marginal compared to the noise and process variations. Our proposed work addresses both challenges by effectively exploiting the affinity between the inputs and rare (suspicious) nodes. The basic idea is to quickly find the profitable ordered pairs of test vectors that can maximize side-channel sensitivity. This article makes two important contributions: (i) It proposed an efficient test generation algorithm that can produce the first patterns in the test vectors to maximize activation of suspicious nodes using an SMT solver, and (ii) it developed a genetic-algorithm based test generation technique to produce the second patterns in the test vectors to maximize the switching in the suspicious regions while minimizing the switching in the rest of the design. Our experimental results demonstrate that we can drastically improve both the side-channel sensitivity (62× on average) and time complexity (13× on average) compared to the state-of-the-art test generation techniques.
EXPRESSION OF ENGAGEMENT IN GAMIFIED STUDY COURSE

Purpose – To explore expression forms of engagement during gamified study course. Design/methodology/approach – The qualitative study was being conducted in order to find out how engagement is being expressed among the students in university during one semester of gamified study course. The data were collected in two group interviews and one set of individual interviews. Interviews were conducted after second, third, and fifth month of the semester. Data were analyzed using thematic qualitative analysis approach. Finding – Study has shown that engagement in gamified study subject manifested itself in long term and short term forms of expression. Data analysis have shown that engagement is expressed in six forms: participation, rush, flow, emotional engagement, cognitive engagement, and agentic engagement. It is different from motivation that was influenced by three factors: extrinsic rewards, intrinsic satisfaction, and lack of motivation. Research limitations/implications – The results of this study have shown that engagement is context sensitive. Since the research is done in exploratory nature the conclusions cannot be generalized. Ability to feel engaged is strongly dependent from personal characteristics of a student. Moreover, the external factors like relationships among group members as well as role of an educator might have significant result on student engagement in gamified study subject. Research results allow to connect two concepts of engagement. In educational sciences engagement is understood as a long term phenomenon while in game studies it is explained as temporal experience. Applying gamification in university study subject allows to explore what temporal features of engagement does transfer to long term engagement. Research results are also significant in trying to find consensus between two competing approaches towards engagement phenomenon in educational sciences and game studies. Practical implications – By revealing how engagement is being experienced in gamified study subject it is possible to better understand how different gamification techniques and mechanics lead to motivational outcomes. Also, not all forms of engagement might be desirable in educational context. The results of the study allows broader understanding about the functioning of gamification mechanics which could lead to improved gamified systems used for educational purposes.
Synthesis of Polyamide Dendrons Bearing Pyridine Groups as Multiple Hydrogen Bonding Parts on the Periphery

Aromatic polyamide dendrons (G0–G2) having amino groups on the periphery were prepared by divergent method. Reaction of G0 aromatic polyamide dendron with isonicotinoyl chloride hydrochloride gave polyamide dendron (G0-2Py) bearing two pyridine groups. The structures of polyamide dendrons were confirmed by IR, 1H, 13C NMR, MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. A hydrogen-bonded G0-2Py/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) 1/2 complex was prepared by mixing G0-2Py with PAA in methanol, followed by removing the solvent. IR spectrum of G0-2Py/PAA 1/2 complex showed characteristic absorptions at 2550 and 1950 cm−1 due to hydrogen bonding. A glass transition temperature (Tg) of G0-2Py/PAA 1/2 complex was observed at 121 °C by DSC measurement, whereas Tgs of G0-2Py (137 °C) and PAA (87 °C) disappeared. Tg of the G0-2Py/PAA complex was dependent on the molar ratio ([Donor]/[Acceptor]). Maximum Tg at 121 °C was observed at a ratio of 1.
Survey Paper on Optimizing Inference in Deep Neural Networks

— Deep neural networks (DNN) are an artificial neural network that imitates the working of the human brain in processing data and use it for decision-making. Nowadays, DNNs have achieved a great success in various image classification and recognition tasks. However, one of the main issues with deep neural networks is its huge computational cost and storage overhead, which constitute a serious challenge for small devices, exceeding the computing limit of those devices. During the past few years, tremendous progresses have been made in this area. In this paper we survey the recent advanced techniques for optimizing inference in DNNs through various techniques