Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increasing self-regulated learning of elementary school students through the concrete-pictorial-abstract approach during the COVID-19 pandemic

This research was motivated by limited self-regulated learning (SRL) in elementary school students. The aim of this research was to understand the increase in SRL of elementary school students apply the Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract (CPA) approach which was reviewed as a whole and based on Early Mathematical Ability (EMA) during the COVID-19. This study was applied with a quasi-experimental method through a nonequivalent control group. Determination of the sample through purposive sampling on fifth-grade elementary school students in Central Jakarta. The sample coincide of 27 students each for the CPA and the conventional class. Measurement through a scale of SRL. This research informs the students' SRL on CPA learning that is significantly better than SRL with conventional approach reviewed as a whole and in the medium EMA group. , however, based on the high and low EMA groups, SRL students who received CPA learning were not significantly better than those with conventional learning.
Continuous Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination Of Mesalazine In Pharmaceutical Forms

Simple and sensitive continuous flow injection spectrophotometric method for the assay of mesalazine (MES) in commercial dosage forms was adopted. Using manifold with three channels, MES was determined by oxidative coupling reaction with o-coumaric acid after oxidation with sodium periodate in an alkaline medium. A blue color product was formed immediately at room temperature and measured maximally at λmax 659 nm. All the chemical and physical conditions of the flow system were studied and optimized to obtain high sensitivity and repeatability. Using optimum conditions, the Beers low obeyed over the range from 5-150 μg/mL MES with limits of detection and quantification of 1.48 and 4.94 μg/mL MES respectively. Minimum values of percentage error (-1.4%) and relative standard deviation (1.8%) indicated the accuracy and precision of the method. Also, good sampling frequency of 42 h-1 for the FI procedure was obtained. The developed method satisfactory used for rabid assay of MES in pharmaceutical forms.
`Pink'-beam X-ray powder diffraction profile and its use in Rietveld refinement

The Laser Shock Station (LSS) is part of the Dynamic Compression Sector (DCS) at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) and provides laser-driven shock compression linked to high-energy X-ray pulses from the APS at Sector 35 to realize in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction patterns of materials under well characterized shock conditions (Wang et al., 2019). Prior to in situ X-ray diffraction, identification of phase transitions in shock-loaded samples had been inferred from the correlation between shock-wave-profile analyses and previously identified static high-pressure structural information (Bancroft et al., 1956). The advance of ultrafast diffraction probes such as at the LSS has enabled numerous discoveries, including revealing previously unknown phase transitions in elements that were thought to be well understood, such as gold (Briggs et al., 2019) and silver (Sharma et al., 2020). The discovery of these new high-pressure phases emphasizes the importance of implementing X-ray diffraction techniques to directly study the structure of materials under shock compression rather than relying on shock-wave-profile analysis, which can fail to capture phase transitions with small volume changes. The X-ray source is a revolver-type undulator with two period choices. One is the U17 undulator dedicated to 23 keV operation which is the source used in this study. Owing to the inherently short timescale of the experiment, with laser drive pulses being 5–10 ns, in situ diffraction experiments of the transient shocked or release state must use single X-ray pulses that have very narrow temporal widths. A single 100 ps X-ray ‘superbunch’ micropulse generated in hybrid singlet mode at the APS is well suited for such experiments (Wang et al., 2019). To obtain a sufficiently high photon flux to produce a useful diffraction image at this timescale, the micropulse is then focused and shaped via mirrors and filters to give a quasimonochromatic 40 mm beam with a bandwidth of 2–5% depending on undulator settings and the white-beam slit size. Fig. 1 shows the shape of this energy profile with a 3.7% bandwidth as log(I) versus energy; the peak intensity is at 23.676 keV ( = 0.52368 Å). Clearly, the intensity profile can ISSN 1600-5767
Systemic and local effects of long-term application of nitrate on nodule growth and N2 fixation in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.)

Abstract The effect of nitrate placement on the nodule number, nodule growth, and N2 fixation activity in soybean plant was elucidated by using a two-layered pot system separating the upper roots grown in vermiculite medium from the lower roots cultured in hydroponics. Four treatments were imposed i.e. 0/0, 0/5, 5/0, and 5/5, with the 0 or 5 mM nitrate treatment in the upper pot / lower pot, respectively. The plants were harvested at the flowering stage and initial pod setting stage. Systemic and local inhibition on nodule number did not occur in the upper nodules in vermiculite. On the other hand, systemic inhibition on the nodule growth and N2 fixation activity in the upper pot was apparent at pod setting stage. In the lower pot where the nodules were in direct contact with 5 mM nitrate, inhibition on nodule number, nodule size, and N2 fixation activity were conspicuous. Systemic inhibition on the number and dry weight of lower nodules was also observed. Root growth was promoted with the root part in direct contact with 5 mM nitrate, irrespective of upper or lower roots. Nitrate accumulation was observed only in the part of roots and nodules in direct contact with 5 mM nitrate. The results indicated that systemic nitrate inhibition occurred both on N2 fixation activity and on nodule growth but not on the upper nodule number after longterm application of 5 mM nitrate. Milder inhibition on upper nodules compared with the lower nodules may be due to the rapid depletion of nitrate from the vermiculite medium compared with the culture solution in the lower pot.
Ecology of bat species in the arid region of the Daurian steppe at the peak of drought

Bats (Chiroptera) are the least studied group of mammals in the Daurian steppe (Inner Asia: Mongolia, Russia and China). We surveyed the bat fauna of the Daurian steppe and some ecological features of bat species in 2008–2019. We recorded six bat species in this region, of which Vespertilio murinus, V. sinensis and Myotis davidii are the most abundant. Myotis davidii tended to hide in the rocks near fresh water sources. Unlike Vespertilio, М. davidii avoided settling in human constructions. Vespertilio species can live farther from water sources compared to М. davidii. The sex ratio of collected adult V. murinus, V. sinensis, M. davidii was female-based. This indicates that these species do not hibernate in the Daurian steppe region. Our results show the important role of the studied region for these migratory bat species, as it is a breeding territory. At the beginning of the XXI century, many lakes and rivers dried up partially or completely in Dauria. In the Russian part of the Daurian steppe, we observed an increase in the V. sinensis population and a decrease in the populations of M. petax and M. davidii. We speculate that the change in the bat community is a consequence of the reduction in the number of water bodies in Dauria, especially in the Mongolian part (Dornod aimag).
The INFRA-EAR: a low-cost mobile multidisciplinary measurement platform for monitoring geophysical parameters

Abstract. Geophysical studies and real-time monitoring of natural hazards, such as volcanic eruptions or severe weather events, benefit from the joint analysis of multiple geophysical parameters. However, typical geophysical measurement platforms still provide logging solutions for a single parameter, due to different community standards and the higher cost per added sensor. In this work, the Infrasound and Environmental Atmospheric data Recorder (INFRA-EAR) is presented, which has been designed as a low-cost mobile multidisciplinary measurement platform for geophysical monitoring. In particular, the platform monitors infrasound but concurrently measures barometric pressure, accelerations, and wind flow and uses the Global Positioning System (GPS) to position the platform. Due to its digital design, the sensor platform can be readily integrated with existing geophysical data infrastructures and be embedded in geophysical data analysis. The small dimensions and low cost per unit allow for unconventional, experimental designs, for example, high-density spatial sampling or deployment on moving measurement platforms. Moreover, such deployments can complement existing high-fidelity geophysical sensor networks. The platform is designed using digital micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) sensors embedded on a printed circuit board (PCB). The MEMS sensors on the PCB are a GPS, a three-component accelerometer, a barometric pressure sensor, an anemometer, and a differential pressure sensor. A programmable microcontroller unit controls the sampling frequency of the sensors and data storage. A waterproof casing is used to protect the mobile platform against the weather. The casing is created with a stereolithography (SLA) Formlabs 3D printer using durable resin. Thanks to low power consumption (9 Wh over 25 d), the system can be powered by a battery or solar panel. Besides the description of the platform design, we discuss the calibration and performance of the individual sensors.
Students' Attitude in Reading Classroom

This study focuses on the attitude of students of class 2019A STKIP PGRI Sidoarjo EnglishEducation Study Program in reading classroom. The purposes of the study were to find outthe ability of student’sclass 2019A STKIP PGRI Sidoarjo English Education Study Programand the attitude of student’s class 2019A STKIP PGRI Sidoarjo English Education StudyProgram. The method applied was quantitative, where the questioners and scoring rubicwere used as the instrument data collection methods. The questioners cons isted of 15 yes -no questions in a student’s response to ability and attitude in reading classroom with GoggleForm . The result of the test showed that the majority of the students of class 2019A STKIPPGRI Sidoarjo English Education Study Program 74.8% show the positive response towardreading class, and only 25.2% get a negative response. Then got data based on scoring rubicwas carried out by assessing and correcting the reading final exam results of nine studentsof class 2019A. The result findings presentation of respondent data based on readingcomprehension according to Brown (2003:215).
High-resolution selected ion monitoring in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer

A new method of selected ion monitoring was described that was capable of unit mass isolation throughout the operational mass range of an ion trap mass spectrometer. The trap was first selectively filled with ions via the application of a broad-band waveform to the end caps during ionization. A second isolation step completed the unit mass isolation, leaving only the desired ions in the trap. Following the accumulation and isolation steps, the intensity of the isolated ions was determined by resonantly scanning them from the trap for detection. As many as 10 different masses could be monitored by sequentially applying these steps. The ionization time for each mass was individually adjusted to optimize the filling of the trap with the selected ions ; this increased the dynamic range for the set of ions. The individual spectra for each mass could then be added together to form a mass spectrum containing all specified ions.
A simple theory of mixtures for the study of the temperature dependence of thermo-structural properties of Al-Ga liquid alloy

A simple theory of mixtures for symmetric alloys was used to study the thermodynamic and structural properties of the Al-Ga alloy in the liquid state at 1023 K. The computed thermodynamic properties are in a very good agreement with the observed values and show that the alloy is weakly interacting. The computed structural properties show that the Al-Ga alloy is segregating in nature which is in agreement with the observed values. The excess free energy of mixing, activity of monomers and concentration fluctuation in the long wavelength limit was extrapolated to higher temperatures by optimising the temperature dependent parameters. As the temperature increases, the behaviour of the alloy shifts towards the ideality.
Physiological Responses of Gamma-Irradiated Onion Bulbs during Storage

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of gamma radiation on some physiological characters of onion genotypes and the expression of PAL gene in the best interaction of gamma irradiation dose and onion genotype treatment. To this aim, four onion genotypes (White-Qom, White-Neyshabour, Red-Ridge- Lump, and Red-Ray-Corrugated) irradiated at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 Gy. After four months of storage (at 10-15 °C and 70% relative humidity), the effects of gamma rays on the dry matter (DM), protein content, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) were investigated. In addition, the expression of PAL gene in the best interaction of gamma irradiation dose and onion genotype treatment was assessed. The result indicated that POD activity was increased by most of the gamma irradiation levels; however, the protein content and PAL activity were decreased. Moreover, dry matter content was found to be highly genotype-dependent. A linear regression (R2= 0.82) between PAL activity and gamma irradiation levels, was observed. PAL activity decreased with increasing in gamma irradiation level, while the expression rate of PAL gene was not significantly changed between irradiated and non-irradiated control, indicating that the radiation might not have direct effects on the gene regulatory elements. These results suggest that gamma irradiation could reduce the PAL activity possibly by controlling abiotic stress sources such as fungal and bacterial stresses.
Dust‐Drought Nexus in the Southwestern United States: A Proxy‐Model Comparison Approach

The U.S. Southwest is naturally prone to dust and drought. With a high risk of unprecedented drought in the future due to climate change, changes in the dust cycle are expected. Whereas paleo records of dust deposition from the region suggest that past megadroughts did not coincide with elevated dust levels, modern studies indicate higher dust during drier conditions. To examine this disagreement, we compare regional paleo records to output from the Community Earth System Model Last Millennium Ensemble experiment. We investigate the role of hydroclimate on dust emissions in the model and analyze how modeled dust during megadroughts compares to all other years. We find that bare ground, as directly modulated by the density of vegetation cover and indirectly by hydroclimate, is the primary control on simulated dust emissions in the Southwest. Furthermore, we find slightly (but significantly) higher dust emission during megadroughts than during years without megadroughts in the model. Using a simple forward modeling approach to assess the impact of age uncertainty in the regional dust records, we find that age uncertainty can explain most of the paleo data/model disagreement. The remaining difference could be related to processes that are not included in the model that inhibit dust emissions during drought, including brown vegetation and soil crusts. Our results suggest the dust‐drought nexus is a continuum and that the impact of drought on dust cycling is subtle.
Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Expression of Drug Transporters in In Vitro Skin Models

The majority of skin cancers are caused by over exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The effects of UV radiation on the expression of drug transporters expressed in human skin has never been studied. In this the effects of UVA and UVB irradiation on the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and Solute carrier (SLC) transporters was evaluated in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) in primary culture. First experiments were intended to validate the inflammatory reaction in response to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in NHEK, NHDF and 3D-reconstructed human epidermis (3D-RHE) model. LPS treatment has shown to increase the expression of IL-8 and TNF-alpha in all three in vitro models. Expression of the most expressed ABC and SLC transporters was then measured in NHEK and NHDF after UVA (30 J/m²) and UVB (40 mJ/m²) irradiation. The most striking result was a significant 29-fold increase of the expression of SLCO4A1 in normal human dermal fibroblasts. In summary, this study shows for the first time a significant regulation of the expression of SLCO4A1 in human dermal fibroblasts induced by UVA irradiation. This finding is of particular interest as most of skin cancers are caused by over exposure to ultraviolet radiation and need to be considered in pharmacokinetic evaluation of topical drugs.
Raiders of the Lost Correlation: A Guide on Using Pearson and Spearman Coefficients to Detect Hidden Correlations in Medical Sciences

Pearson and Spearman correlations are important tools for all scientific fields and are widely used in medical sciences, especially during the current COVID-19 pandemic emergency. This technical report has shown that conventional criteria for evaluating the adoption of these coefficients can conceal substantial scientific information regarding correlations that occur above or below a certain threshold. In particular, the Pearson coefficient can reveal hidden correlations even when data are not normally distributed. Finally, an optimized operational guide to reveal any hidden correlation is reported.
3He-rich solar energetic particle events observed on the first perihelion pass of Solar Orbiter

We report observations of ﬁve impulsive solar energetic particle (SEP) events observed inside 1au during the ﬁrst perihelion pass of the Solar Orbiter mission, which was launched in February 2020. These small events were all reasonably associated with active regions observed from Earth but which had rotated out of view by the time of the Solar Orbiter observations. Even though most of the events were small, their spectral forms, 3 He content, and association with type III bursts convincingly identiﬁes them as 3 He-rich impulsive SEP events with properties similar to those previously observed at 1au. Three of the events showed fast ion rise times, and two of them had long-lasting anisotropies consistent with the Compton-Getting e ﬀ ect.
Impact of stigma and stigma-focused interventions on screening and treatment outcomes in cancer patients

Background Stigma is known to negatively influence cancer patients’ psychosocial behaviour and treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the current data on cancer-related stigma across different populations and identify effective interventions used to address it. Methodology The protocol, search, appraisal, synthesis, analysis and reporting framework was used for conducting this systematic literature review. CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar databases were searched using the different combination of keywords that include ‘cancer stigma’. Articles publication period was set for 2010–2020. A total of 54 articles (31 quantitative, 19 qualitative, 2 mixed methods and 2 scoping reviews) that met inclusion criteria were reviewed out of the 958 articles initially identified. Quality assessment of included studies revealed the studies had varying levels of methodological quality. Extracted data were organised and narratively analysed. Results Cancer stigma was expressed across different segments of the society including amongst the elites and healthcare providers. Developing countries had higher rates of stigma reported and experience of stigma varied by cancer type. Cancer was consistently associated with imminent death in all studies reviewed. Cancer patients experiencing stigma were more inclined to conceal their diagnosis and to seek medical help later. Whilst cancer stigma majorly resulted in negative psychosocial outcomes in patients, there were also instances of posttraumatic growth emanating from the stigma experienced. Literature on cancer-related stigma interventions was scant. Conclusion Cancer related stigma remains high in both clinical settings and amongst the general public. There is need for more interventions to combat cancer stigma and its effect in both patient and non-patient population. Anti-cancer public enlightenment campaigns should be sensitively designed to not further fuel stigma against patients with certain types of cancers.
Design and Modeling of a Standalone DC-Microgrid for Off-Grid Schools in Rural Areas of Developing Countries

Energy access is critical for health, education and social welfare improvements. In countries like Ethiopia, with a low electrification rate and with the majority of the population located in rural areas, about 76% of primary schools do not have access to electricity. This limits the hours of classes and does not allow the use of basic or modern teaching resources. Off-grid solutions have emerged as potential cost-effective alternatives to electrify rural areas and schools, but the availability of off-grid appliances and the size of the system can lead to different solutions. Therefore, this study proposes a DC microgrid system to supply the electricity demand of a rural school located in Ethiopia, considering load estimation scenarios with standard and high-efficiency appliances. The simulation results show that the designed DC microgrid is a valid option to electrify the rural school under each load and generation scenarios. The system costs were also evaluated, and the high-efficiency appliances option has a 51% lower cost. The study also applies to other sub-Saharan countries in the region with very low energy access rates and abundant solar energy, thus giving a large contribution to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Education Goal 4 (SDG 4).
Lightning Solvers for Potential Flows

We present a method for computing potential flows in planar domains. Our approach is based on a new class of techniques, known as “lightning solvers”, which exploit rational function approximation theory in order to achieve excellent convergence rates. The method is particularly suitable for flows in domains with corners where traditional numerical methods fail. We outline the mathematical basis for the method and establish the connection with potential flow theory. In particular, we apply the new solver to a range of classical problems including steady potential flows, vortex dynamics, and free-streamline flows. The solution method is extremely rapid and usually takes just a fraction of a second to converge to a high degree of accuracy. Numerical evaluations of the solutions are performed in a matter of microseconds and can be compressed further with novel algorithms.
Recent Developments of Enantioseparations for Fluoroquinolones Drugs Using Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis

Fluoroquinolones antibiotics are more effective pathogens resistant to other antibacterial, thus being regularly prescribed drugs in human and veterinary medicine. Many fluoroquinolones posses one or two stereogenic centers giving rise to enantiomers whose pharmacological properties and toxicity are often different. At the successive stages of drug discovery, the enantiomers of any chiral molecule must be isolated and analyzed and their enantiomeric purity determined. The present review summarizes recent developments on chiral separation of fluoroquinolones using chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques.