Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inequalities in extending working lives beyond age 60 in Canada, Denmark, Sweden and England—By gender, level of education and health

Background Keeping older workers in employment is critical for societies facing the challenge of an ageing population. This study examined the association between types of health conditions and differentials in the probability of employment by level of education among men and women between 60–69 years of age in Canada, Denmark, Sweden and England. Methods Data were drawn from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We combined country data, applied logistic regression, adjusted for educational level, and stratified the analysis by sex to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of employment (>15 hours work per week) for persons with physical health conditions, mental health conditions (depression) and physical-mental health comorbidity. Results The odds of employment among men and women with physical-mental health comorbidity were lower compared to those with no/other conditions (men: OR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.25–0.42, women: OR 0.38 95% CI: 0.30–0.48). Women with low education had lower odds of employment compared to their counterparts with high education (OR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.57–0.76). The odds of employment at older ages was lower in Canada, Denmark and England compared with Sweden (e.g. English men: OR 0.48 95% CI 0.40–0.58; English women OR 0.33 95% CI 0.27–0.41). Conclusions The odds of employment beyond age 60 is lower for groups with low education, particularly women, and those with physical-mental health co-morbidities. As such, policies to extend working lives should not be ‘one size fits all’ but instead consider subgroups, in particular, these groups that we have shown to be most vulnerable on the labour market.
Modeling and Simulation of Filippov System Models with SlidingMotions using Modelica

This paper presents a generalized modeling formulation for implementation of dynamical system models that exhibit sliding behavior. The proposed formulation is based on Filippov theory, and is implemented using Modelica. The main advantage of the developed framework is that it effectively removes numerical chattering and trajectory deadlock. The robustness of the formulation is assessed considering three example system models: a stick-slip system, a relay feedback system and an anti-windup Pro-portional Integral (PI) controller in a power system application, i.e. an automatic voltage controller.
Gene Expression and Photophysiological Changes in Pocillopora acuta Coral Holobiont Following Heat Stress and Recovery

The ability of corals to withstand changes in their surroundings is a critical survival mechanism for coping with environmental stress. While many studies have examined responses of the coral holobiont to stressful conditions, its capacity to reverse responses and recover when the stressor is removed is not well-understood. In this study, we investigated among-colony responses of Pocillopora acuta from two sites with differing distance to the mainland (Kusu (closer to the mainland) and Raffles Lighthouse (further from the mainland)) to heat stress through differential expression analysis of target genes and quantification of photophysiological metrics. We then examined how these attributes were regulated after the stressor was removed to assess the recovery potential of P. acuta. The fragments that were subjected to heat stress (2 °C above ambient levels) generally exhibited significant reduction in their endosymbiont densities, but the extent of recovery following stress removal varied depending on natal site and colony. There were minimal changes in chl a concentration and maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm, the proportion of variable fluorescence (Fv) to maximum fluorescence (Fm)) in heat-stressed corals, suggesting that the algal endosymbionts’ Photosystem II was not severely compromised. Significant changes in gene expression levels of selected genes of interest (GOI) were observed following heat exposure and stress removal among sites and colonies, including Actin, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV (Camk4), kinesin-like protein (KIF9), and small heat shock protein 16.1 (Hsp16.1). The most responsive GOIs were Actin, a major component of the cytoskeleton, and the adaptive immune-related Camk4 which both showed significant reduction following heat exposure and subsequent upregulation during the recovery phase. Our findings clearly demonstrate specific responses of P. acuta in both photophysiological attributes and gene expression levels, suggesting differential capacity of P. acuta corals to tolerate heat stress depending on the colony, so that certain colonies may be more resilient than others.
Evolving Criteria for Adult and Pediatric Cochlear Implantation

The indications for cochlear implantation have gradually expanded as advancements in technology have evolved, resulting in improved audiologic outcomes for both adult and children. There remains a significant underutilization of cochlear implant technology in the United States, and recognition of the potential benefits of cochlear implantation for non-traditional indications is critical for encouraging the evolution of candidacy criteria. Adult cochlear implantation candidacy has progressed from patients with bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) to include patients with greater degrees of residual hearing, single-sided deafness and asymmetric hearing, and atypical etiologies of hearing loss (eg, vestibular schwannoma, Ménière’s disease, and otosclerosis). Indications for pediatric cochlear implantation have similarly evolved from children with bilateral severe to profound SNHL to implanting children at a younger age, including those with residual hearing, asymmetric hearing loss, inner ear malformations, as well as cochlear nerve deficiency. In this editorial, the literature investigating cochlear implantation for nontraditional indications is reviewed with an aim to use the best available evidence to encourage the evolution of candidacy criteria.
The Interaction between Dietary Selenium Intake and Genetics in Determining Cancer Risk and Outcome

There is considerable interest in the trace element selenium as a possible cancer chemopreventive dietary component, but supplementation trials have not indicated a clear benefit. Selenium is a critical component of selenium-containing proteins, or selenoproteins. Members of this protein family contain selenium in the form of selenocysteine. Selenocysteine is encoded by an in-frame UGA codon recognized as a selenocysteine codon by a regulatory element, the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS), in the 3′-untranslated region of selenoprotein mRNAs. Epidemiological studies have implicated several selenoprotein genes in cancer risk or outcome based on associations between allelic variations and disease risk or mortality. These polymorphisms can be found in or near the SECIS or in the selenoprotein coding sequence. These variations both function to control protein synthesis and impact the efficiency of protein synthesis in response to the levels of available selenium. Thus, an individual’s genetic makeup and nutritional intake of selenium may interact to predispose them to acquiring cancer or affect cancer progression to lethality.
“You are Not Alone”: Linking Peer Support to Information and Resources for Mental Health Concerns in Advocacy Groups’ Social Media Messaging

ABSTRACT The pervasive stigmatization of mental health concerns has caused a public health crisis in the United States, as it prevents individuals from seeking treatment for such concerns. Grassroots mental health advocacy groups working to mitigate this stigma and promote treatment largely do so through social media messaging strategies to provide audiences with information, resources, and peer support. Yet, scholars have not fully explicated what constitutes information, resources, or support. Further, little is known about mental health advocacy groups’ goals for and perceived effectiveness of these strategies or how audience members understand these messaging strategies. By employing a case study approach with two grassroots mental health advocacy groups, this study provides a nuanced understanding of the strategies involved in providing information, resources, and peer support in social media messaging. This study also demonstrates that both content creators and audience members agree on the importance of linking support strategies – specifically peer support – with information and resources to achieve the organizations’ primary goals. Theoretical and practical implications for the strategies used by both organizations are discussed.
Synthesis, Catalytic Properties and Application in Biosensorics of Nanozymes and Electronanocatalysts: A Review

The current review is devoted to nanozymes, i.e., nanostructured artificial enzymes which mimic the catalytic properties of natural enzymes. Use of the term “nanozyme” in the literature as indicating an enzyme is not always justified. For example, it is used inappropriately for nanomaterials bound with electrodes that possess catalytic activity only when applying an electric potential. If the enzyme-like activity of such a material is not proven in solution (without applying the potential), such a catalyst should be named an “electronanocatalyst”, not a nanozyme. This paper presents a review of the classification of the nanozymes, their advantages vs. natural enzymes, and potential practical applications. Special attention is paid to nanozyme synthesis methods (hydrothermal and solvothermal, chemical reduction, sol-gel method, co-precipitation, polymerization/polycondensation, electrochemical deposition). The catalytic performance of nanozymes is characterized, a critical point of view on catalytic parameters of nanozymes described in scientific papers is presented and typical mistakes are analyzed. The central part of the review relates to characterization of nanozymes which mimic natural enzymes with analytical importance (“nanoperoxidase”, “nanooxidases”, “nanolaccase”) and their use in the construction of electro-chemical (bio)sensors (“nanosensors”).
Evaluation of Microbial Dynamics on Low-Sodium Cooked Bologna Under Different Packaging Conditions

The purpose of this study was to assess the growth of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria on low sodium concentration sliced cooked bologna under refrigerated storage conditions. In study 1, the effect of three different sodium concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) and two packaging conditions (aerobic and vacuum) on growth of a cocktail of inoculated spoilage bacteria such Lactobacillus curvatus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Brochothrix thermosphacta and Pseudomonas fluorescens were investigated by using culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. In general, reducing the sodium concentration from 2% (the current industry standard) to 1% NaCl in the cooked bologna system did not have a significant effect on microbial growth. The utilization of Ion Torrent high-throughput sequencing in this study allowed the description of the total microbial community present on sliced cooked bologna. Taxonomic analysis revealed the microbial community belongs to the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Finally, in this study, in situ meat redox measurement values were collected over time using platinum electrodes placed on top of, and in between bologna slices. While the redox values obtained were, in general, consistent with increasing bacterial cell numbers, issues of reproducibility and consistency were evident. The second study focused on the impact that the addition of a bacteriocin, Micocin X®, to the meat blend would have on growth of spoilage bacteria and in particular, Listeria monocytogenes, in vacuum-packaged cooked bologna formulated with 1% and 3% NaCl. In general, results demonstrated Micocin X® had a significant effect on the growth of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Listeria monocytogenes; however, no substantial effect was assessed in the control of lactic acid bacteria or Brochothrix thermosphacta.
Parasitism of Two Species of Caligus (Copepoda: Caligidae) on Wild and Cultured Grouper in Viet Nam

Grouper culture is an important source of income in Viet Nam. However, during the last decade, the industry has suffered numerous serious disease outbreaks, including some due to pathogenic parasites. This study examined the prevalence and intensity of Caligus species on two commonly cultured Vietnamese groupers, Epinephelus coioides and E. bleekeri. A total of 469 fish (241 Epinephelus coioides, 228 E. bleekeri) from both brackish and marine waters, including wild, pond cultured and cage cultured fish, were examined. Two caligid species, Caligus epidemicus and C. multispinosus, were found. In addition, caligid larvae were found on skin and/or gills. Differences in parasite burden were found between host species and within host species by environment.
Saving Taiwan’s bamboo product manufacturing: Design management and trade and industry frameworks versus a cultural industries response

This paper discusses the decline of bamboo product manufacturing in Taiwan, which has been inundated since the 1990s by competition from products from low-cost countries. Lacking the skills and knowledge to transform its product offerings and manufacturing models, an impediment to industry revival is a lack of distinction between bamboo craft production and product manufacturing. Although Taiwan has developed a number of world-leading, technologically-advanced manufacturing industries since the 1960s by ending protectionism and encouraging innovation in science and R&D, support for bamboo crafts as an expression of Taiwan’s cultural heritage has fostered a traditional cultural policy approach to their preservation linked to community building and tourism, eclipsing the different needs of bamboo product manufacturing. Simultaneously, the slanting of support measures for bamboo crafts towards their cultural significance reflects the idea that experiences and ‘cultural’ consumer goods represent a subsequent stage of economic and social development to manufacturing. In seeking to develop rich understanding of the challenges facing bamboo product manufacturing, the paper draws on 20 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with representatives of Taiwanese manufacturing companies, and craft and design studios. Analysis of the interview data reveals that policy frameworks and strategic initiatives do not address the structural and capability issues plaguing bamboo product manufacturing.
Preliminary study on epiphytic lichens as an indicator of environmental quality in forests from around Bucharest Municipality (Romania).

The epiphytic lichens were investigated for three forests situated around Bucharest Municipality. The comparative historical background studies concerned with epiphytic lichens in relation to environmental conditions were related. Five variables close related with the distance was analysed within this study, as follow: (1) in close correlation with the distance, the taxonomic analysis reveals a major significance regarding the dominant roll of the genera with a low epiphytic lichens diversity, within the Andronache Forest, unlike Cernica and Pustnicul Forest where, the number of genera is do not significantly owing increasing species number; (2) regarding the substrate, epiphytic lichens species from all investigated forests prefer trees with a roughly rhytidoma. Trees sampled in a great deal belong to the Quercus genus with a roughly rhytidoma facilitating a good growing of epiphytic lichens species because keeps for a long periods of time a high degree of humidity; (3) the analysis of toxi-tolerance degree has shown how the sensitive epiphytic lichens species to pollution is increasing depending on the distance; (4) autsozological categories are marked in a great deal by a great distance from an urban Bucharest area. Thus, the number of rare and disappearing lichens species is increasing direct proportional depending on the distance from the Bucharest Municipality area to investigated forests due to improvement of the environmental quality; (5) from geographical distribution of lichens species point of view, take a place an increasing number of epiphytic lichens species which is close correlated with the distance from Bucharest Municipality area to investigated forests. In addition, a great importance was conferred the presence of rare and disappearing epiphytic lichens species nearest perturbation area of Bucharest Municipality (Andronache Forest). This fact is possible to occur owing to the direction of prevailed winds. It was used of sensitivity values of epiphytic lichens species to quantify spatial gradients in environmental alteration.
Use of Negative Air Ionization for Reducing Airborne Levels of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in a Room Containing Infected Caged Layers

Abstract Removal of Salmonella Enterica serovar enteritidis (S. enteritidis) circulating in the air can be important in reducing S. enteritidis problems in a flock. One potential method to aid in this removal is the use of a negative air ionizer. Such a device imparts a negative charge on airborne particles, causing them to be attracted to grounded surfaces, therefore, effectively taking them out of circulation. Two experiments were conducted to determine whether such a device could lower levels of S. enteritidis in a room containing infected caged laying hens. In both experiments, the negative air ionizer effectively decreased the room airborne levels of S. enteritidis compared to levels in a room lacking a device. This improvement was particularly evident in Experiment 2, in which the S. enteritidis reduction brought about by the ionizer averaged 96.5% during the last 6 days of the sampling period. Failure to brush dust off the ionizer every other day resulted in reduced efficiency. These results demonstrate the potential efficacy of negative air ionization in removing poultry bacterial pathogens in a layer room situation.
TUNING OF POWER SYSTEM STABILIZERS VIA IMC

A new method for tuning the parameters of a conventional power system stabilizer (CPSS) using the internal model control (IMC) method is presented. It is shown that the controller designed by the IMC method for a power system model can be reduced to the CPSS form, and the performance of the IMC-based CPSS is related to two tuning parameters so on-line tuning is easy. Simulation studies on a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system and a four-machine two-area system show that the IMC-based CPSS can achieve good performance in damping both the local modes and the intra-area modes.
Effect of glucocorticoid on the expression of Huntingtin-associated protein 1 in the rat hypothalamus

Objective To investigate the effect of glucocorticoid on the expression of Huntingtin-associated protein 1(HAP1)in rat hypothalamus. Methods Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control group(injection of 0.9% saline,n=24),corticosterone group[(injection of corticosterone, 5mg/(kg.12h),n=40],corticosterone+ RU38486 group[con-injection of corticosterone with its receptor antagonist RU38486,10mg/(kg.12h),n=8] and Hydrocortisone group[orally given hydrocortisone(0.01g/L)in drink water,n=8]. Corticosterone group was further divided into corticosterone 1day,corticosterone 3days,corticosterone 5days and corticosterone 7days group according to the difference in time after corticosterone-injection.The expression of HAP1 was studied 3days after co-injection of corticosterone and RU38486 in corticosterone +RU38486 group.Hydrocortisone was consecutively applied in the drink water for 1 month in hydrocortisone group.RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to explore the expression of HAP1 in rat hypothalamus. Results The expression of HAP1 and the level of its mRNA were decreased significantly in hypothalamus 1day and 3days after injection of corticosterone.The expression of HAP1 began to increase 5days after injection of corticosterone and recovered to the control level 7days after injection. The mRNA of HAP1 increased markedly 5days after injection and the level was higher than that of control group.The expression of HAP1 in hypothalamus significantly decreased in hydrocortisone group.Co-injection of corticosterone with RU38486 blocked corticosterone-induced action on HAP1 expression in hypothalamus.Conclusion Extrinsic over-dose of glucocorticoid-injection affects the expression of HAP1 in hypothalamus and hypothalamic HAP1 may be related with the functional activity of hypothalamus neurons or neuroendocrine cells.
Framework for Studying Consequence of Rural Tourism Entrepreneurship Development (Case Study: Shit and Shirin Sou areas of Tarom County)

Purpose- The purpose of this study is to present a framework for studying the consequences of rural tourism entrepreneurship development. Design/methodology/approach- The type of study is applied Research and descriptive-exploratory in essence. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the validity of the questionnaire items was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (.876). Based on statistical population of experts, local managers and owners of tourism complexes in the villages of Darram and Chavarzgh counties that were selected through purposive non-probability sampling method, 277 households were selected from the owners of tourism complexes and practitioners related to tourism activity. The field-library data collection and data analysis were performed using SPSS software and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS software. The relevance of the four factors affecting the outcomes of rural tourism entrepreneurship development is discussed. Finding- The results show that the extent of the impact of independent variables of entrepreneurship on tourism development outcomes in the study area, respectively, are the indicators of the opportunities created by the growth and development of entrepreneurship with 0.98 as the first rank and the most influential, socio-economic value creation index of entrepreneurship with 0.87, which is ranked second, innovation and creativity index is ranked third with 0.43 and finally, environmental entrepreneurship index of tourism entrepreneurship is 0.38 and is ranked fourth. Practical implications- The formulation framework for evaluating the implications of tourism entrepreneurship development presented in this study has a meaningful and acceptable explanation in the study area.