Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel power control based on a relaxed constraint in cognitive system

The next‐generation 5G networks will integrate two technologies, cognitive radio and cooperative communication, which use radio spectrum opportunistically and efficiently. In addition, they enhance the reliability and the capacity of the system. In this paper, we present a novel power control scheme based on a relaxed constraint in cognitive network under both the outage probability limit (OPL) of the primary system and the interference constraint limit (ICL). We show how to transform the optimization problem of the condition on the OPL and the ICL into a condition on the channel so that the cognitive user observes the channel from cognitive source to primary receiver and control its transmit power based on the channel condition. Moreover, we extend the studies to the cognitive relay network. We derive the closed‐form expressions of the outage probabilities over independent but not necessarily identically distributed Nakagami‐m fading channels. By using the theoretical analysis and from the numerical results, firstly, we show that the proposed power control scheme, which is based on both the OPL and the ICL, achieves better performance in underlay spectrum rather than the traditional one, which is based only on the interference constraints. Secondly, we show that the proposed scheme allows lower power consumption at cognitive side while the performance of cognitive relay network is improved, and the QoS of primary system is guaranteed in parallel. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A SSESSMENT OF WILDLAND FIRE IMPACTS ON WATERSHED ANNUAL WATER YIELD : A NALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AND CASE STUDIES IN THE U NITED S TATES

More than 50% of water supplies in the conterminous United States originate on forestland or rangeland, and are potentially under increasing stress as a result of larger and more severe wildfires. Little is known however about the long-term impacts of fire on annual water yield, and the role of climate variability within this context. We here propose a framework for evaluating wildland fire impacts on streamflow that combines double-mass analysis with new methods (change point analysis, climate elasticity modeling, and process-based modeling) to distinguish between multi-year fire and climate impacts. The framework captures a wide range of fire types, watersheds characteristics and climate conditions using streamflow data, as opposed to other approaches requiring paired watersheds. The process is illustrated with three case studies. A watershed in Arizona experienced a +266% increase in annual water yield in the 5 years after a wildfire, where +219% was attributed to wildfire and +24% to precipitation trends. In contrast, a California watershed had a lower (-64%) post-fire net water yield, comprised of enhanced flow (+38%) attributed to wildfire offset (-102%) by lower precipitation in the post-fire period. Changes in streamflow within a watershed in South Carolina had no apparent link to periods of prescribed burning but matched a very wet winter and reports of storm damage. The presented framework is unique in its ability to detect and quantify fire or other disturbances, even if the date or nature of the disturbance event is uncertain, and regardless of precipitation trends.
Enacting the Carnegie Foundation Call for Reform of Medical School and Residency

On the 100th anniversary of the Flexner Report, the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching published a new study of medical education. This study, titled Educating Physicians: A Call for Reform of Medical Schools and Residency Programs, contained four primary recommendations intended to stimulate innovation and improvement in medical education. In this article, the authors examined the ways others have applied the four recommendations from Educating Physicians within and beyond medical education. In their review of 246 publications citing the Carnegie work, they found that the recommendation for integration was addressed most frequently, often through descriptions of integration of curricular content in undergraduate medical education. The recommendation to focus on professional identity formation was the second most frequently addressed, followed by standardization and individualization, then inquiry, innovation, and improvement. The publications related to these latter three recommendations tended to be conceptual rather than descriptive or empirical. Publications spanned the continuum of medical education (from medical school to residency to physicians in practice) and even into other fields, but undergraduate medical education received the most attention. The authors discuss common themes among the citing publications and highlight opportunities for further discussion and innovation. Many exciting developments have occurred in medical education and beyond since the publication of Educating Physicians in 2010. Thus far, most of the publications citing the Carnegie recommendations describe incremental changes in medical education, particularly in the area of integration. Some of the conceptual work around these recommendations, coupled with a variety of external factors such as changes in health care and accreditation systems, suggests the potential for changes that are more transformative in nature.
Anxiety disorders in late life: A comprehensive review

Abstract Anxiety disorders are not uncommon in late life. These disorders are associated with greater rates of comorbidities with other psychiatric and medical disorders. Anxiety disorders are also associated with greater morbidity and mortality in late life. These disorders are often under‐ and misdiagnosed in older individuals given their symptomatic overlap with other medical disorders and drug side effects. Additionally, the diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders have been developed for younger individuals and not for older adults. Although limited, data from controlled studies indicate that both psychotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic modalities are beneficial in the treatment of anxiety disorders in late life.
Effects of Low-Toxicity Particulate Matter on Human Nasal Function

Chronic nasal and paranasal sinus problems affect approximately 15% of the population in industrialized countries. Recent studies suggest that particulate matter might contribute to this condition. The effects of acute exposure to low-toxicity particulate matter on human nasal airflow, mucociliary transport, and nasal discomfort should be assessed. Thirty-two healthy volunteers were exposed to 0 (control), 500, 1000, and 5000 &mgr;g/m3 calcium carbonate dust for 3 hours and nasal saccharin transport time (STT), rhinomanometry, and visual analog scales (VAS) on nasal discomfort were obtained. A dose dependent decrease of STT (P = 0.02) and nasal patency (P = 0.04), and increased sensation of nasal obstruction (P = 0.002) and dryness (P = 0.03) was observed. The results indicate that acute exposure to low-toxicity particulate matter in concentrations frequently encountered in western agglomeration areas may affect nasal functions and cause nasal symptoms.
Quality of service routing algorithms for bandwidth-delay constrained applications

In this paper we present bandwidth-delay constrained routing algorithms that use knowledge of the ingress-egress node pairs in the network in reducing the rejection rates for setting up new paths. Simulation is used to evaluate the algorithms and compare their performance against some existing algorithms for bandwidth constraints that have been modified to handle delay constraints. The results show that the proposed algorithms outperform all others under a wide range of workload, topology and system parameters.
Vitrification of bovine oocytes with the open pulled straw method: Ultrastructural consequences

The objective of the present study was to investigate the ultrastructural consequences of vitrification of bovine oocytes at the metaphase II (MII) stage by the so‐called “Open Pulled Straw” method. Oocytes were matured in vitro for 22 hr and cryopreserved by vitrification. After warming and additional 2 hr of culture, the oocytes were inseminated in vitro. Oocytes were fixed for transmission electron microscopy immediately after warming, at 4 hr after warming (i.e., 2 hr post insemination [hpi]), at 26 hr after warming (i.e., 24 hpi), and at 74 hr after warming (i.e., 72 hpi). Control oocytes (i.e., nonvitrified oocytes) were processed at 22 hr after in vitro maturation and at 2, 22, and 72 hpi. Compared to the controls, the vitrified oocytes fixed immediately after warming presented an additional category of small membrane‐bound vesicles and lacked the typical compartment of solitary cortical granules aligned along the oolemma. Instead, they presented clusters of cortical granules that displayed varying degrees of degeneration. In vitrified oocytes fixed at 2 hpi, the small vesicles were less abundant, and more advanced degeneration of the cortical granule clusters was noted. In vitrified oocytes fixed at 24 hpi, the small vesicles were practically absent, and polyspermic penetration was observed as were vacuoles containing degraded cortical granule content. In vitrified oocytes fixed at 72 hpi, lack of cleavage as well as vacuolization and degeneration of blastomeres were noted. Moreover, the nucleolar ultrastructure signaled aberrant activation of the ribosomal RNA genes. In conclusion, vitrification of bovine oocytes at the MII stage resulted in cell biological alterations in the oocyte after warming that apparently were reflected in the subsequent fertilization and embryonic development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 56:80–88, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interactive Procedural Modelling of Coherent Waterfall Scenes

Combining procedural generation and user control is a fundamental challenge for the interactive design of natural scenery. This is particularly true for modelling complex waterfall scenes where, in addition to taking charge of geometric details, an ideal tool should also provide a user with the freedom to shape the running streams and falls, while automatically maintaining physical plausibility in terms of flow network, embedding into the terrain, and visual aspects of the waterfalls. We present the first solution for the interactive procedural design of coherent waterfall scenes. Our system combines vectorial editing, where the user assembles elements to create a waterfall network over an existing terrain, with a procedural model that parametrizes these elements from hydraulic exchanges; enforces consistency between the terrain and the flow; and generates detailed geometry, animated textures and shaders for the waterfalls and their surroundings. The tool is interactive, yielding visual feedback after each edit.
Journal of Enterprise Information Management Justifying the decisions for EAI implementations : a validated proposition of influential factors

Justifying the decisions for EAI implementations: a validated proposition of influential factors Marinos Themistocleous Article information: To cite this document: Marinos Themistocleous, (2004),"Justifying the decisions for EAI implementations: a validated proposition of influential factors", Journal of Enterprise Information Management, Vol. 17 Iss 2 pp. 85 104 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi. org/10.1108/17410390410518745
Load forecasting based on intelligence information processing

In electricity market, it is widely accepted that short-term load forecast is a key problem of market operation. In this paper, a novel model for load forecasting based on intelligence information processing is presented. Here, we make full use of the excellent property reconstruction ability of independent component analysis, which is a new intelligence information processing technology for separating signals and making them independent mutually, and presents STLF model based independent property reconstruction. The load properties of different kinds are restructured to enhance its representation ability and simplifying STLF modeling by ANN. After neural network is trained by new properties with lower dimension, STLF model is built. Finally, the real load data of spot market in New England is applied to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach
The effects of a displayed cognitive aid on non‐technical skills in a simulated ‘can't intubate, can't oxygenate’ crisis

Guidelines outlining recommended actions are difficult to implement in the stressful, time‐pressured situation of an airway emergency. Cognitive aids such as posters and algorithms improve performance during some anaesthetic emergencies; however, their effects on team behaviours have not been determined. In this study, 64 participants were randomly assigned into control (no cognitive aid) and intervention (cognitive aid provided) groups before a simulated ‘can't intubate, can't oxygenate’ scenario. Video analysis was undertaken of the non‐technical skills and technical performance during the scenarios. All categories had higher Anaesthetists’ Non‐Technical Skills (ANTS) scores when a cognitive aid was supplied (mean (SD) total ANTS score 10.4 (3.1) vs 13.2 (2.4), p < 0.001). The number of times the cognitive aid was used was associated with higher ANTS scores (ρ = 0.383, p = 0.002). A trend towards the establishment of an infraglottic airway within 3 min was also noted (control group 55.3% vs intervention 76.9%, p = 0.076). Non‐technical skills are improved when a cognitive aid is present during airway emergencies.
A review of fingerprint pre-processing using a mobile phone

Nowadays, the mobile phones are becoming part of our daily life. They transformed from communication devices to personal computers. They are capable of storing personal information and connect to other applications where security is required. The need for securing the confidential information and the other application is increasing every day. Fingerprint authentication has been used in many different applications where high security is required. Mobile phones can process a lot of tasks and equipped with a built in camera capable of capturing images. A fingerprint authentication approach can successfully utilize the mobile phone cameras capturing fingerprint images as biometrie traits. Unfortunately, the quality of images produced by mobile phone is very different from the images obtained by dedicated fingerprint sensors during the acquisition of human fingertips. In this paper, we present the current trend in fingerprint pre-processing techniques using mobile phones and explore some of the future possibilities in this field.
Pollen Tube Growt h and the lntracellular Cytosolic Calcium Gradient Oscillate in Phase while Extracellular Calcium Influx 1 s Delayed

Ratio images of cytosolic Ca2+ (Ca2+i) in growing, fura-2-dextran-loaded Lilium longiflorum pollen tubes taken at 3to 5-sec intervals showed that the tip-focused [Ca2+Ii gradient oscillates with the same period as growth. Similarly, measurement of the extracellular inward current, using a noninvasive ion-selective vibrating probe, indicated that the tipdirected extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+o) current also oscillates with the same period as growth. Cross-correlation analysis revealed that whereas the [Ca2+Ii gradient oscillates in phase with growth, the influx of Ca2+o lags by -11 sec. lon influx thus appears to follow growth, with the effect that the rate of growth at a given point determines the magnitude of the ion influx -11 sec later. To explain the phase delay in the extracellular inward current, there must be a storage of Ca2+ for which we consider two possibilities: either the inward current represents the refilling of intracellular stores (capacitative calcium entry), or it represents the binding of the ion within the cell wall domain.
Experimental Demonstration of a High Efficiency Polarization Splitter Based on a One-Dimensional Grating With a Bragg Reflector Underneath

A one-dimensional grating serving both as a polarization beam splitter and a vertical coupler for silicon photonic circuits is designed, fabricated, and characterized. Bragg reflectors are employed to improve greatly the coupling efficiency. Over 50% efficiency for both polarizations are achieved experimentally, and the extinction ratio between them is also high ( -20 dB).
A method for detecting amphetamine using gas chromatography of a halogenated derivative.

A sensitive, specific and rapid method for the detection of amphetamine in biologic fluids of horses is described. Amphetamine is extracted from alkaline biologic fluid into a mixture of hexane and iso-octane. The trichioroacetamide of amphetamine is made with trichloroacetyl chloride in the organic phase. The derivative is chromatographed on JXR (methyl silicone) and detected by electron capture. Amphetamine was readily detected in the plasma of horses given 300 mg of amphetamine sulfate s.c. The drug was detectable for seven hours postadministration.
Surprisingly: Marker of Surprise Readings or Intensifier?

We investigate the influence of the adverb surprisingly on the meaning of the quantity words few and many, which themselves have been associated with a reading expressing surprise. To learn about the meaning contribution of “surprise”, we compare surprisingly with the intensifier incredibly and a compared to phrase explicitly marking surprise. Based on an empirical measure of subjects’ expectations about everyday events, a Bayesian model uses data from a sentence judgment task to infer likely levels of surprise associated with the different constructions of interest.
Design of Dual-Band Microstrip Rat Race Coupler with Circuit Miniaturization

Rat race ring coupler with stepped-impedance sections is designed to have a dual-band characteristic. This is realized by attaching open stubs to both ends of each stepped-impedance section to create a phase of 90deg at two designated frequencies. Transcendental equations are derived for solving impedance ratio R and lengths of the stepped-impedance sections. Circuit with miniaturized area can be obtained if R > 1 is chosen. Such microstrip ring hybrids operating at 2.45/5.2 GHz with R = 1 and R = 4 are designed and fabricated. Experiments are performed to confirm the theory.
A short-term follow-up of treatment outcome in groups of uncooperative child dental patients.

AIM To evaluate the short-term follow-up outcome in four subgroups of uncooperative child dental patients referred to a specialist paediatric dental clinic in Sweden. METHODS Seventy children, classified into four groups (based on fear, temperament, behaviour and verbal intelligence), were followed-up at their public dental clinics after termination of specialist dental treatment. Questionnaire assessments of children's dental and general fear, parental dental fear, emotional stress, locus of control and parenting efficacy were made by parents pre and post treatment and at follow-up and were analysed within and between groups. At follow-up, parents rated their children's coping and procedure stress, while treatment acceptance was rated by the dentists. RESULTS Decreases in child dental fear were maintained at follow-up, although a third of children still had moderate or high dental fear. For those children who had been classified into the externalising, impulsive group, an increased risk of non-acceptance (RR=3.7) was indicated. The risk of dental fear at follow-up was increased for the group of fearful, inhibited children (RR=3.8). For the study group as a whole a poorer follow-up outcome could be predicted by avoidance behaviour (OR 12.9-16.6) and moderate or high post treatment dental fear (OR 6.5- 21.3). CONCLUSIONS Fearful, inhibited child dental patients may need, due to dental fear, extra attention even after successful dental treatment at a specialist clinic. Externalising, impulsive children constitute a special challenge for dentistry. The continued need for adjusted management after termination of specialist treatment can be predicted from avoidance behaviour and post treatment dental fear scores.
Multi-frame rate plane wave contrast-enhance ultrasound imaging for tumour vasculature imaging and perfusion quantification

A multi-frame rate plane wave imaging strategy is developed to simultaneously image tumor vasculature and quantify tumor perfusion. Customised imaging sequences interleaving a short but high frame rate (HFR) plane wave imaging sequence with a long but low frame rate imaging (LFR) sequence were implemented using a programmable ultrasound research platform. The results from a spatio-temporal coherence processing technique of ours demonstrated a significant improvement in the SNR and vasculature contrast when compared with the existing ultrafast Power Doppler (PD) using the same data. Initial perfusion quantification using LFR imaging was also demonstrated. Mean time intensity curve and some parametric measures were generated. Combining both structural and functional perfusion imaging using the multiframe rate sequences, a better evaluation of the tumour angiogenesis can be assessed.
Transcriptional Repressor TrmBL2 from Thermococcus kodakarensis Forms Filamentous Nucleoprotein Structures and Competes with Histones for DNA Binding in a Salt- and DNA Supercoiling-dependent Manner*

Background: TrmBL2 and histones maintain the genome functioning in hyperthermophilic euryarchaeal cells. Results: TrmBL2 forms filaments on DNA through cooperative binding and competes with histones in a salt- and DNA supercoiling-dependent manner. Conclusion: TrmBL2-histone collective behavior dynamically controls DNA organization. Significance: The discovered mechanisms provide insights into the regulation of the genome structure and global transcription profile by TrmBL2 and histones. Architectural DNA proteins play important roles in the chromosomal DNA organization and global gene regulation in living cells. However, physiological functions of some DNA-binding proteins from archaea remain unclear. Recently, several abundant DNA-architectural proteins including histones, Alba, and TrmBL2 have been identified in model euryarchaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis. Although histones and Alba proteins have been previously characterized, the DNA binding properties of TrmBL2 and its interplay with the other major architectural proteins in the chromosomal DNA organization and gene transcription regulation remain largely unexplored. Here, we report single-DNA studies showing that at low ionic strength (<300 mm KCl), TrmBL2 binds to DNA largely in non-sequence-specific manner with positive cooperativity, resulting in formation of stiff nucleoprotein filamentous patches, whereas at high ionic strength (>300 mm KCl) TrmBL2 switches to more sequence-specific interaction, suggesting the presence of high affinity TrmBL2-filament nucleation sites. Furthermore, in vitro assays indicate the existence of DNA binding competition between TrmBL2 and archaeal histones B from T. kodakarensis, which can be strongly modulated by DNA supercoiling and ionic strength of surrounding solution. Overall, these results advance our understanding of TrmBL2 DNA binding properties and provide important insights into potential functions of architectural proteins in nucleoid organization and gene regulation in T. kodakarensis.