Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visualizing Daily Hospital Routine

Introduction Hospitals, just like other businesses with a comparatively complex organizational structure, are often confronted with analyzing and evaluating complex sets of data that are hard to monitor. Standardized forms of presentation (e.g., pie or bar charts) are frequently used for the visual analysis and presentation of data in such cases. From a visual communication perspective, the potential that visualization offers has not been exhausted. Collaboration between statisticians and designers—with the pooling of themespecific practical and creative competences—is therefore a worthwhile objective. The research project, “Visual Atlas of the Daily Hospital Routine,”1 joins these competences to research the options of alternative forms of visualization of complex sets of data for process optimization. The specialist department for quality management of the Bern University Hospital Inselspital (Annekathi Bischoff), which provided the data for this research project from four selected sub-processes, is a contact point for quality management issues for the entire hospital. During process optimization, the goal is to analyze and optimize hospital-internal procedures. For data collection, qualitative procedures are often applied, including field research, participatory observation, and interviews. For purposes of analysis and evaluation, standardized quantitative representation models (e.g., bar graphs) are almost exclusively used. The visualization of qualitative data, in contrast, is hardly considered significant. As a sub-discipline of visual communication, “Knowledge Visualization”2 generates context-specific visual representations of quantitative and qualitative data. The goal of the visual representation is to provide access to complex sets of data, often with great advantages over linguistic or standardized visual representation models. Edward Tufte describes this potential as follows: “Often the most effective way to describe, explore, and summarize a set of numbers—even a very large set—is to look at pictures of those numbers. ”3 The viewing of such images can help to present work processes more clearly and thereby to analyze procedures and manage them more efficiently. The goal of this research project was to develop alternative presentation forms for four organizational and communicative sub-processes in the environment of the Inselspital. As a secondary means of analysis, the images developed in the project were
Interoperable Performance Research: Promises and Perils of the Semantic Web

The semantic web is a family of web technologies that allow users to tag and retrieve resources (such as images, videos, and texts) in complex ways. Could theatre and performance research become more “international” if performance data (i.e., academic articles and multimedia corpora) could be freely accessed and combined by anyone with an internet connection? Open access policies and semantic web technologies could allow any resource to be tagged and linked together from a multiplicity of perspectives, requiring complex institutional changes that are probably neither feasible nor desirable.
Referendum Design and Contingent Valuation: The NOAA Panel's No-Vote Recommendation

This paper considers the effects for offering a would-not-vote option in contingent valuation (CV) questions framed using the referendum format. This approach arises from a suggestion made by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) panel on contingent valuation. The NOAA panel was asked to evaluate the use of this method for estimating the economic value of nonmarketed environmental resources in the context of natural resource damage assessments. This test used the CV questionnaire developed for the study of the Exxon Valdez oil spill conducted by the State of Alaska with in-person interviews. The findings suggest that when those selecting the would-not-vote response are treated as having voted against the program (a conservative coding), offering this option does not alter (1) the distribution of for and against responses (2) the estimates of willingness to pay derived from these choices, or (3) the construct validity of the results.
DataRemix: Designing the Datamade

ArtScience is emerging as one approach for creating novel ways of seeing and new ways of knowing. The authors propose a role for ArtScience research and creative work in contributing to the necessary shifts to go beyond the current crisis of representation. DataRemix, a recombination and reappropriation practice intended to trigger novel subjective experiences and associations, is described.
I Want You! Expanding College Access through Targeted Recruiting Efforts

To complement the existing literature on expanding access to high-quality college education, we investigate the understudied topic of university outreach. Using a field experiment at West Point, we estimate the effectiveness of four university admissions outreach efforts (Admissions Office phone call, application encouragement from a role model, recruiting visit by a university staff member, and an invitation to visit campus) on the probabilities of initiating an application and matriculating. We find that all four methods are effective relative to the control group (a mass e-mail solicitation) at increasing applications but only suggestive evidence for increasing matriculation. We observe a few differences in the relative effectiveness of the methods. We complete a simple cost-effectiveness analysis that suggests the admissions call is the preferred method. This evidence should inform researchers, policy makers, and institutions on optimal outreach efforts and program evaluation in student recruitment.
The Effect of Tax Amnesties Programs on Tax Collection and Economic Performance: A Global Macro Economic Analysis

Taxes are a major source of government income. Still a major part of economy exists undocumented. Tax amnesty programs are considered a short term tool to overcome tax compliance for long run benefits as well as short term recovery of revenue. This study is examined the effect of tax amnesties programs on tax revenue percentage to GDP and on macro-economic performance with the interaction of tax to GDP. Panel data of 28 years from 1990 to 2017 were collected from 24 countries and run a different test to support our results. These countries data were taken on an annual basis, where single or multiple tax amnesties launched in different years. GDP per capita, FDI per GDP, and the unemployment rate were taken as Macroeconomic variables, and the influence of tax revenue percentage to GDP in presence and absence of tax amnesty on these macroeconomic variables were tested. Results showed that the tax amnesty scheme affect GDP per capita, and FDI but not through an increase in taxes but some other reason. Successful Tax amnesty may benefit reduce the unemployment rate and improve tax to GDP in long-run with increased tax compliance is still workable. We suggest that tax authorities undertake tax reforms from successful experiences of tax amnesties in different countries for economic prosperity and better results.
Does Social Capital Matter in the Location Decision of Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence from Korea*

Social capital refers to the stock of social relationships such as network, norms, and trust that facilitate both coordination and cooperation. Utilizing an extensive firm-level data set for 2006–10, this paper investigates the importance of social capital in conjunction with the conventional location factors that are known to influence the location decisions of multinational firms within Korea. Our nested logit estimates show that the “Trust and Norms” component of social capital has a stronger influence on locational decisions than does the “Social Network” component. That is, regions in Korea characterized by a high level of “Trust and Norms” attract more knowledge-based foreign direct investment (FDI) firms than those with lower levels of trust and norms. In addition, positive agglomeration externalities are more powerful in regions with a higher level of trust and norms. Another important result of our analysis is the discovery that the regions with high unemployment levels and union activities are less attractive to foreign investors. On the basis of the results we conclude that measures that strengthen the trust and norms component of social capital should be fostered along with traditional cost-saving policies, which are used to attract FDI in Korea.
Divisions within Academia: Evidence from Faculty Hiring and Placement

Abstract I look for divisions to clusters among academic departments in three disciplines: economics, mathematics, and comparative literature. I define clusters as subsets of departments with unexpectedly little hiring across the cluster lines. The division within economics is by far the strongest, is consistent with anecdotal evidence about “freshwater” and “saltwater” schools of thought and has been stable over time. There is also a significant division within comparative literature, but the hiring patterns among top mathematics departments are consistent with random matching.
Distributed Choreography: A Video-Conferencing Environment

In the last few years, a variety of computer-mediated tools have begun to expand the physical boundaries of where and how we interact with others. The rapidly evolving global network of interactive computer systems, known as the Internet, now provides unprecedented opportunities for connectivity and collaboration. The convergence of artistic practices with multimedia software, computer-mediated communication, distant education, multiple site performance, and collaboration, is bringing about dramatic change in many fields.
Estimation of a Change Point in Multiple Regression Models

This paper studies the least squares estimation of a change point in multiple regressions. Consistency, rate of convergence, and asymptotic distributions are obtained. The model allows for lagged dependent variables and trending regressors. The error process can be dependent and heteroskedastic. For nonstationary regressors or disturbances, the asymptotic distribution is shown to be skewed. The analytical density function and the cumulative distribution function for the general skewed distribution are derived. The analysis applies to both pure and partial changes. The method is used to analyze the response of market interest rates to discount rate changes.
Infrasonic Music

ABSTRACT Low-frequency sound on the cusp of the audible offers the possibility of redefining the way we think about listening to music. As the perception of pitch is lost in very low-frequency sound emissions, an opportunity arises for a different kind of music and a different way of listening. Low frequencies can be engaged to activate responses other than the aural or be used as a kind of “silent activator,” enabling or affecting other sounds. This article explores the possibilities for what may be called an “infrasonic music. ”
Contesting Global Norms: Politics of Identity in Japanese Pro-Whaling Countermobilization

Why are anti- and pro-whaling coalitions still engaged in morally heated confrontations over whales tracing back to the 1970s? Revisiting the global whaling controversy, this article applies insights from the political sociology of social movements to highlight the importance of the politics of identity embedded in an elite-driven pro-whaling countermovement in Japan. As is well documented, Japan has proven a most difficult context for the emerging global anti-whaling norm. Rather than simply reflecting material interests or cultural values, however, this sustained resistance should be approached from a processual and symbolic interactionist perspective as the construction of a pro-whaling moral universe integrated around strong and inflexible claims of collective identity. Empirically, the article analyzes the major discursive master frames constituting this pro-whaling identity. Arguing for the centrality of symbolic-moral framing, it further suggests three competing normative frameworks for making sense of the controversy in the wider context of global environmental norms-in-the-making.
A Universal Grammar for Visual Composition?

The author has identified four fundamental organizational principles common to both organic form and the creation of visual composition. The author proposes that our perceptual system has evolved to respond to these principles (perceptual primitives) due to the necessity of recognizing the diversity of organic forms on which our survival depended during our earlier evolution. The evidence shows that these four principles occur widely throughout humankind's aesthetic expression in different cultures, epochs, art forms and media. Applying von Humboldt's principle, the author proposes that these limited means provide unlimited possibilities for developing student creativity if it were taught as a coherent grammar
Asymmetric Time Series and Temporal Aggregation

The detection of nonlinearities could depend on the sampling frequency. Asymmetric monthly series may become symmetric when aggregated to quarterly or annual frequencies. We test against nonlinearity using the nonlinear autoregressive asymmetric moving average (ARasMA) model, which nests the linear ARMA model as a special case. Using monthly, quarterly, and annual Swedish unemployment series, we find support for symmetry/linearity in the annual series but not in the monthly and quarterly series.
Persona: Masks of AfricaIdentities Hidden and Revealed

Covering images of exceptional African masks alongside contemporary African art, this beautifully designed and powerful book presents original look at the role of the mask in African culture. Based on an exhibition of 180 masks - more than 100 from the outstanding collection at the Royal Museum for Central Africa in Tervuren, Belgium - and works by contemporary African artists, this extraordinary book offers a new interpretation of the mask as the universal object that both hides and reveals. Beautifully designed, "Persona" presents masks organized by their usage, the dances, and rituals they serve and the belief system they display. The contemporary works, selected for their artistry, formal boldness, and intrinsic messages, arouse a similar aesthetic response, but serve a different function from the ritual masks. This stunningly illustrated and engaging book explores both the real and emblematic roles of the mask, as objects which are 'devitalized' when placed in museums but which nevertheless prompt questions of identity, self-esteem, and conceptions of the other in Western society.
Evidence of Treatment Spillovers Within Markets

Abstract This paper provides a method to infer the presence of treatment spillovers within markets where a fraction of agents is treated. We model individual outcomes as functions of the assigned treatment status and the distribution of assigned treatments in a market. We develop a two-step identification and estimation method, focusing first on the treatment distribution among individuals within markets and then on the treatment distribution across markets. We apply our approach to training programs for unemployed individuals in France using rich administrative data. Our results provide evidence of interactions within local labor markets as potential individual outcomes vary with the proportion of treated individuals.
On Certain Properties of Pied-Piping

In this article, I argue that an approach to pied-piping in terms of wh-feature percolation is problematic under minimalist assumptions. I propose an alternative theory based on Agree, arguing that wh-movement and restrictions on pied-piping follow from the interaction of the theory of phases and a violable constraint that forces wh-feature checking under Agree to be as local as possible. I present and derive three observations about pied-piping that are attested in different languages.
Returns to Inventors

Abstract A key input to inventive activity is human capital. Hence, it is important to understand the monetary incentives of inventors. We estimate the effect of patented inventions on individual earnings by linking data on U.S. patents and their inventors to Finnish employer-employee data. Returns are heterogeneous: inventors get a temporary reward of 3% of annual earnings for a patent grant and for highly cited patents a longer-lasting premium of 30% in earnings three years later. Similar medium-term premium's accrue to inventors who initially hold the patent rights, although they forgo earnings at the time of the grant.
Effects of Environmental Regulations on Manufacturing Plant Births: Evidence from a Propensity Score Matching Estimator

This study examines the effects of air quality regulation on economic activity. Anecdotal evidence and some recent empirical studies suggest that an inverse relationship exists between the stringency of environmental regulations and new plant formations. Using a unique county-level data set for New York State from 1980 to 1990, we revisit this conjecture using a seminonparametric method based on propensity score matching. Our empirical estimates suggest that pollution-intensive plants are responding to environmental regulations; more importantly, we find that traditional parametric methods used in previous studies may dramatically understate the impact of more stringent regulations.
A Glimpse of the Secret Connexion: Harmonizing Mechanisms with Counterfactuals

Among the current philosophical accounts of causation two are the most prominent. The first is James Woodward's interventionist counterfactual approach; the second is the mechanistic approach advocated by Peter Machamer, Lindley Darden, Carl Craver, Jim Bogen and Stuart Glennan. The counterfactual approach takes it that causes make a difference to their effects, where this difference-making is cashed out in terms of actual and counterfactual interventions. The mechanistic approach takes it that two events are causally related if and only if there is a mechanism that connects them. In this paper I examine them both in some detail. After pointing out some important problems that both approaches face, I argue that there is a sense in which the counterfactual approach is more basic than the mechanistic one in that a proper account of mechanisms depends on counterfactuals while counterfactuals need not be supported (or depend on) mechanisms. Nonetheless, I also argue that if both approaches work in tandem in practice, they can offer us a better understanding of aspects of Hume's secret connexion and hence a glimpse of it.
Basins at Risk: Predicting International River Basin Conflict and Cooperation

Growing demands for water combined with supply constraints may lead to an increased potential for international water conflicts, because many of the world’s freshwater systems cut across national boundaries. Which international river basins are likely to experience greater conflict risks or more cooperation? What factors increase or decrease conflict risk (cooperation)? We use prediction and forecasting approaches to address these questions and compare the results with findings of an earlier “basins at risk” study. Whereas the earlier study identified twenty-nine basins at risk, our study identifies forty-four such river basins. We also arrive at different findings with respect to key determinants of river basin conflict and cooperation. Our analytical approach also can help to increase the robustness of explanatory models in other areas of environmental politics, and could make research findings more policy-relevant by moving from ex-post analysis to in-sample prediction and out-of-sample forecasting.
Globalization and Wage Polarization

Abstract In the 1980s and 1990s, the U.S. labor market experienced a remarkable polarization along with fast technological catch-up as Europe and Japan improved their global innovation performance. Is foreign technological convergence an important source of wage polarization? To answer this question, we build a multicountry Schumpeterian growth model with heterogeneous workers, endogenous skill formation, and occupational choice. We show that convergence produces polarization through business stealing and increasing competition in global innovation races. Quantitative analysis shows that these channels can be important sources of U.S. polarization. Moreover, the model delivers predictions on the U.S. wealth-income ratio consistent with empirical evidence.
Vita Activa: On Relationships Between Design(ers) and Business

How do designers actually work for business organizations that previously may have neglected1 to cater to their design issues? A plethora of specialist designers has emerged2 and they currently are offering their productive services in multiple ways to business firms and other organizations that still tend to be partly ignorant of design approaches and expertise.3 The relatively young profession of modern “industrial design” 4 is a case in point because industrial designers commonly offer their productive services to managers, who often are unfamiliar with their specialism.5 The highly experienced, Milan-based, German industrial designer Richard Sapper, working for IBM and several other companies, recently claimed: “Today, in many corporations, design decisions are in the hands of people without the slightest knowledge of the subject, asking consumers what they want. ” 6 Rather than predicting the need of more knowledge or organizational “absorptive capacity” 7 on the one hand, or “survival of the fittest” designers in competitive markets on the other, we need to zoom in on living-work relationships between designers and organizational people to understand their interacting abilities and “lifeworlds” while working together. When I started to explore how designers actually work with firms and vice versa, I therefore chose this route—as an industrial organization researcher—approaching the field of design-business collaboration in a fairly open manner to see how it occurs. As I became increasingly aware of the complexities and unconsciousness of design issues in many organized settings, one nagging question emerged as potentially significant: How might dynamic capabilities8 in designing repeatedly be enabled in connection with organizations when organized agents were working, often temporarily, with designers? This seemed almost paradoxical; how to stabilize something that seemed to be in constant flux?
Product Fragmentation and Trade Patterns in East Asia

International product fragmentationthe cross-border dispersion of component production/assembly within vertically integrated production processesis an important feature of the deepening structural interdependence of the world economy. This paper examines the implications of this phenomenon for global and regional trade patterns, with special emphasis on countries in East Asia, using a new data set culled from the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database. It is found that, while fragmentation trade has generally grown faster than total world trade in manufacturing, the degree of dependence of East Asia on this new form of international specialization is proportionately larger than that of North America and Europe. The upshot is that international product fragmentation has made East Asian growth increasingly reliant on extra-regional trade, strengthening the case for a global, rather than a regional, approach to trade and investment policymaking.