Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasmonic interactions between a perforated gold film and a thin gold film

Based on the finite difference time domain method, we investigated theoretically the optical properties and the plasmonic interactions between a gold film perforated with periodic sub-wavelength holes and a thin gold film. We showed that the plasmon resonant energies and intensities depend strongly on the thicknesses of the two films and the lattice constant. Based on the distributions of normal electric field component Ez, tangential electric field component Ey and total energy, we showed that the optical transmission is due to the collaboration of the localized waveguide resonance, the surface plasmon resonance and the coupling of the flat-surface plasmon of the two layers.
Multi-level control architecture for Bionic Handling Assistant robot augmented by learning from demonstration for apple-picking

ABSTRACT The control of soft continuum robots is challenging owing to their mechanical elasticity and complex dynamics. An additional challenge emerges when we want to apply Learning from Demonstration (LfD) and need to collect necessary demonstrations due to the inherent control difficulty. In this paper, we provide a multi-level architecture from low-level control to high-level motion planning for the Bionic Handling Assistant (BHA) robot. We deploy learning across all levels to enable the application of LfD for a real-world manipulation task. To record the demonstrations, an actively compliant controller is used. A variant of dynamical systems' application that are able to encode both position and orientation then maps the recorded 6D end-effector pose data into a virtual attractor space. A recent LfD method encodes the pose attractors within the same model for point-to-point motion planning. In the proposed architecture, hybrid models that combine an analytical approach and machine learning techniques are used to overcome the inherent slow dynamics and model imprecision of the BHA. The performance and generalization capability of the proposed multi-level approach are evaluated in simulation and with the real BHA robot in an apple-picking scenario which requires high accuracy to control the pose of the robot's end-effector. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Compact uniplanar UWB MIMO antenna with band‐notched characteristic

A compact uniplanar ultrawideband (UWB) multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna with band‐notched characteristic is presented in this paper. The antenna consists of two half circle‐slot antennas serving as the radiators and a simple rectangular slot etched on the ground plane. The utilization of a half circle‐slot antenna structure results in a significant size reduction compared with the traditional circle‐slot antennas. A T‐shaped open slot is employed to create a band rejection in WLAN 5.2 GHz. To enhance the port isolation, the back‐to‐back placement and a rectangular slot on the common ground are utilized. To verify the antenna performance, the proposed antenna is constructed. Over the UWB band of 3.1–10.6 GHz, the measured reflection coefficient is better than −10 dB and the port isolation less than −15 dB with a compact size of 33 × 26 mm2. In addition, the reasonable radiation pattern, gain, and ECC are also obtained.
A Comprehensive Monitoring System for Online Fault Diagnosis and Aging Detection of Non-Isolated DC–DC Converters’ Components

Online monitoring is an inevitable necessity for dc–dc converters in industrial applications to achieve a fault-tolerant structure, which ensures reliable operation and prevents catastrophic failures. In this paper, a comprehensive monitoring system is proposed for non-isolated dc–dc converters. The proposed approach is mainly focused on monitoring the most prone to failure components of these converters including switching devices and capacitor. Using the proposed monitoring system, switch/diode open circuit and short circuit faults are detected in less than one switching cycle. Furthermore, online monitoring of the capacitor equivalent series resistance and switch on-state voltage as effective precursors of aging is also carried out. Finally, an inter-turn fault detection technique is presented for the converter inductor. The mentioned monitoring tasks are accomplished using only two electrical sensors (for capturing voltages across the converter diode and inductor) and two temperature sensors. The presented monitoring approach is simple, cost-effective, easy to implement, and applicable for all non-isolated dc–dc converters including buck, boost, and buck-boost converters. Performance of the monitoring system is evaluated by considering different scenarios in the experiments carried out on a laboratory prototype. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed system for fault diagnosis and aging monitoring in non-isolated dc–dc converters.
Chemical Kinetic Modelling of Non-Equilibrium Ar-CO 2 Thermal Plasmas

A chemical kinetic model has been constructed to predict the gas and electron temperature dependence of the neutral and ionic species composition in Ar-CO2 mixtures under thermal plasma conditions. The model includes electron impact, thermal impact, ion-molecule, and recombination reactions as well as accounting for diffusion. Important metastable and excited states of species have been accounted for as well as the presence of neutral molecules, radicals, and atoms, positively and negatively charged atoms and molecular ions, and electrons. All relevant electron temperature, gas temperature and pressure terms have been included. Under thermodynamic non-equilibrium conditions, Ar, CO, and O were found to be the dominant neutral species, CO4+ the dominant positive ion, and O- and electrons the dominant negatively charged species.
Electron paramagnetic resonance and optical study of VO2+-doped zinc ammonium phosphate hexahydrate single crystals

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical studies of VO2+ ions in zinc ammonium phosphate hexahydrate ZnNH4PO4·6H2O (ZAPH) single crystals were carried out at room temperature. Analysis of EPR spectra indicates the presence of two distinct VO2+ sites. The angular variations of EPR spectra in three mutually perpendicular planes ab, bc and ca are used to determine the principal axes and values of the tensors g and A. The spin Hamiltonian (SH) parameters are obtained using Schonland's method as: gx = 1.9967, gy = 1.9767, gz = 1.9668, Ax = 62, Ay = 70, Az = 172(×10−4) cm−1 for site I, whereas gx = 1.9998, gy = 1.9820, gz = 1.9698, Ax = 54, Ay = 60, Az = 149(×10−4) cm−1 for site II. The optical absorption study at room temperature is also carried out and the absorption bands are assigned to various transitions. The theoretical band positions are calculated using approximate energy expressions. Good agreement is obtained between theoretical and experimental band positions. By correlating EPR and optical data, various molecular orbital coefficients of the vanadyl ion in the ZAPH lattice are evaluated and the nature of bonding in the crystal is discussed.
Energy Management Strategy for Solar-Powered UAV Long-Endurance Target Tracking

In this study, two types of three-dimensional (3-D) flight-based energy management strategies for solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (SUAV) long-endurance target tracking are proposed. In SUAV dynamic modeling, we consider the influence of wind on SUAV kinematics. Aiming at the complexity of the long-endurance tracking, namely the long flight time and space spans, the influences of the wind, variations of temperature, air density and solar cell photovoltaic efficiency, and a finite battery capacity are considered in our modified SUAV energy model. Then, considering the mission flexibility, we design two types of energy management strategies that comprehensively utilize the solar energy, gravitational potential energy, and wind to address different situations. The proposed strategies can be divided into several stages in chronological order according to the solar irradiation conditions, electrical energy storage conditions, and relative motion relationships among the SUAV, target, and wind. We then design respective strategies for these stages. The core of our proposed energy management strategies is to design the corresponding objective functions in each stage and the switching conditions between adjacent stages. Finally, we verify our proposed strategies by comparison with the traditional 2-D tracking strategy in a 24-h target tracking mission, and the results show the validity of our proposed strategies.
(Lack of) Cosmological evidence for dark radiation after Planck

We use Bayesian model comparison to determine whether extensions to Standard-Model neutrino physics — primarily additional effective numbers of neutrinos and/or massive neutrinos — are merited by the latest cosmological data. Given the significant advances in cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations represented by the Planck data, we examine whether Planck temperature and CMB lensing data, in combination with lower redshift data, have strengthened (or weakened) the previous findings. We conclude that the state-of-the-art cosmological data do not show evidence for deviations from the standard (ΛCDM) cosmological model (which has three massless neutrino families). This does not mean that the model is necessarily correct — in fact we know it is incomplete as neutrinos are not massless — but it does imply that deviations from the standard model (e.g., non-zero neutrino mass) are too small compared to the current experimental uncertainties to be inferred from cosmological data alone.
New matrix-sets generation and the cryptosystems

The aim of this paper is to give the new generation of the sets of n × n matrices, which are isomorphic to Galois Field GF(2n). The order of primitive matrices of a multiplicative group is e = 2n -1. On that ground the matrix- key exchange algorithm via public channel, as analogous of Diffie-Hellman protocol and the algorithm of message encryption - decryption with key-exchange by public-channel are constructed. It is shown that these cryptosystems are not breaking with chosen-plaintext attack and they are generally faster than well-known public-key algorithms.
New constraints on cosmological parameters and neutrino properties using the expansion rate of the Universe to z ∼ 1.75

We have assembled a compilation of observational Hubble parameter measurements estimated with the differential evolution of cosmic chronometers, in the redshift range 0 < z < 1.75. This sample has been used, in combination with CMB data and with the most recent estimate of the Hubble constant H0, to derive new constraints on several cosmological parameters. The new Hubble parameter data are very useful to break some of the parameter degeneracies present in CMB-only analysis, and to constrain possible deviations from the standard (minimal) flat ΛCDM model. The H(z) data are especially valuable in constraining Ωk and ΩDE in models that allow a variation of those parameters, yielding constraints that are competitive with those obtained using Supernovae and/or baryon acoustic oscillations. We also find that our H(z) data are important to constrain parameters that do no affect directly the expansion history, by breaking or reducing degeneracies with other parameters. We find that Nrel = 3.45±0.33 using WMAP 7-years data in combination with South Pole Telescope data and our H(z) determinations (Nrel = 3.71±0.45 using Atacama Cosmology Telescope data instead of South Pole Telescope). We exclude Nrel > 4 at 95% CL (74% CL) using the same datasets combinations. We also put competitive limits on the sum of neutrino masses, Σmν < 0.24 eV at 68% confidence level. These results have been proven to be extremely robust to many possible systematic effects, such as the initial choice of stellar population synthesis model adopted to estimate H(z) and the progenitor-bias.
Monte Carlo based protocol for cell survival and tumour control probability in BNCT

A mathematical model to calculate the theoretical cell survival probability (nominally, the cell survival fraction) is developed to evaluate preclinical treatment conditions for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). A treatment condition is characterized by the neutron beam spectra, single or bilateral exposure, and the choice of boron carrier drug (boronophenylalanine (BPA) or boron sulfhydryl hydride (BSH)). The cell survival probability defined from Poisson statistics is expressed with the cell-killing yield, the (n, ) reaction density, and the tolerable neutron fluence. The radiation transport calculation from the neutron source to tumours is carried out using Monte Carlo methods: (i) reactor-based BNCT facility modelling to yield the neutron beam library at an irradiation port; (ii) dosimetry to limit the neutron fluence below a tolerance dose (10.5 Gy-Eq); (iii) calculation of the (n, ) reaction density in tumours. A shallow surface tumour could be effectively treated by single exposure producing an average cell survival probability of - for probable ranges of the cell-killing yield for the two drugs, while a deep tumour will require bilateral exposure to achieve comparable cell kills at depth. With very pure epithermal beams eliminating thermal, low epithermal and fast neutrons, the cell survival can be decreased by factors of 2-10 compared with the unmodified neutron spectrum. A dominant effect of cell-killing yield on tumour cell survival demonstrates the importance of choice of boron carrier drug. However, these calculations do not indicate an unambiguous preference for one drug, due to the large overlap of tumour cell survival in the probable ranges of the cell-killing yield for the two drugs. The cell survival value averaged over a bulky tumour volume is used to predict the overall BNCT therapeutic efficacy, using a simple model of tumour control probability (TCP).
Local ZigZag Max histograms of pooling pattern for texture classification

The efficiency of any texture classification model confides on descriptor used for similarity matching. The formation of image descriptor is a challenging and important task in computer vision. This Letter introduces a local ZigZag Max histograms of pooling pattern (LZMHPP) for classification of texture images. To compute the descriptor, first the dissimilarity between centre pixel and its neighbours is computed for each image patch over the whole image, then the dissimilarity map is encoded with different type of ZigZag ordering mechanism, and finally the Max histograms pooling is used to form LZMHPP descriptor from two complementary ZigZag weighted structures and achieves sufficient robustness under geometric variations. The experimental study on KTH-TIPS and CUReT texture databases indicates the efficiency and supremacy of LZMHPP descriptor for texture classification.
Thermoelectrically induced nonlinear free vibration analysis of piezo laminated composite conical shell panel with random fiber orientation

Abstract This paper presents the free vibration response of piezo laminated composite geometrically nonlinear conical shell panel subjected to a thermo-electrical loading. The temperature field is assumed to be a uniform distribution over the shell surface and through the shell thickness and the electric field is assumed to be the transverse component E2 only. The material properties are assumed to be independent of the temperature and the electric field. The basic formulation is based on higher order shear deformation plate theory (HSDT) with von-Karman nonlinearity. A C0 nonlinear finite element method based on direct iterative approach is outlined and applied to solve nonlinear generalized eigenvalue problem. Parametric studies are carried out to examine the effect of amplitude ratios, stacking sequences, cone angles, piezoelectric layers, applied voltages, circumferential length to thickness ratios, change in temperatures and support boundary conditions on the nonlinear natural frequency of laminated conical shell panels. The present outlined approach has been validated with those available results in the literature.
FACTORS OF SAFETY FOR THE DESIGN OF BREAKWATERS

This paper proposes to improve the safety of breakwaters by two important changes in the philosophy of design. When hydraulic model testing is used as a design tool the authors propose to reduce the specific gravity of the model breakwater to introduce a factor of safety in the prototype. They also recommend that the concept of testing for stability with the once in 50 year or once in 100 year wave should be replaced by a more rigorous statistical analysis to determine a design wave which has a probability of exceedence of no more than 5% in the lifetime of the structure.
An Updated Edlén Equation for the Refractive Index of Air

The Edlén equation for the refractive index of air, published in 1966, is still widely used. Subsequent to its formulation, however, improved data have become available on the density of air and the refractivity of water vapour. The practical temperature scale has also been revised and the carbon dioxide content of normal laboratory air has increased. These effects result in a discrepancy of typically 1 × 10-7. The consequent revision of the equation brings the agreement between calculation and experiment within an experimental uncertainty of ± 3 × 10-8.
Designing Four Notched Bands Microstrip Antenna for UWB Applications, Assessed by Analytic Hierarchy Process Method

In this study, a novel microstrip fed Ultra Wideband (UWB) antenna is presented. The proposed antenna, with a size of 26×30×1.6mm 3 , is capable of removing four bands of interference in the coverage band. Firs, three filtered bands are created by cutting U, L, and C-shapes, a horizontal line on the patch, and fed line of antenna. The fourth notch is created by a new method that involves the use of a metalized via-hole and a C-shaped strip line in the rear side of the radiation patch. In the next step, the proposed antenna is compared with similar models with regard to different features such as size, bandwidth, and the number of the filtered frequency bands, in a new framework based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Thus, with a comprehensive comparison, the functional aspects of the proposed antenna are presented . The characteristics of the proposed antenna, such as radiation pattern, gain, and return loss (S 11 <-10dB), were measured; the correspondence between the simulated and measured results was acceptable.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING - APPLICATION OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE AVIATION INDUSTRY

Additive Manufacturing also known as 3D Printing is a process whereby a real object of virtually any shape can be created layer by layer from a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model. As opposed to the conventional Subtractive Manufacturing that uses cutting, drilling, milling, welding etc., 3D printing is a free-form fabrication process and does not require any of these processes. The 3D printed parts are lighter, require short lead times, less material and reduce environmental footprint of the manufacturing process; and is thus beneficial to the aerospace industry that pursues improvement in aircraft efficiency, fuel saving and reduction in air pollution. Additionally, 3D printing technology allows for creating geometries that would be impossible to make using moulds and the Subtractive Manufacturing of drilling/milling. 3D printing technology also has the potential to re-localize manufacturing as it allows for the production of products at the particular location, as and when required; and eliminates the need for shipping and warehousing of final products.
Chemical Composition of Ocimum americanum Essential Oil and Its Biological Effects Against, Agrotis ipsilon, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The seeds of Ocimum americanum were i ntroduced and cultivated i n Egy pt as a new source of t he essential oil. The growth, yield and essential oil of O. americanum were s tudied dur ing two successive seasons. Chemical constituents of the essential oil were s tudied wi th (G LC). T he mean values of the growth p arameters of the second cut in b oth sea sons were h igher than those o f the first cuts. Essential oil percentage ranged from 0.175% to 0.253% in both seasons, w hile the essential oil yield ranged f rom 27.8 to 41.69 liter per feddan. The total yield of the essential oil reached 60 and 76 l iter per feddan i n t he f irst and second season, respectively. Eugenol was identified as the m ajor com pound in t he essential oil and accounted for 28.46 %. Methyl chavicol was found to be the second main compound and reached 17.34%. The i nsecticidal properties of the A merican basil essential oil and its major com ponent were evaluated against t he black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon in l aboratory a nd a s emi field t rail. There wa s a positive correlation between the concentration and the percentage of larval mortality and malformed pupae and a dult. Basil oil at 3% (conc.), only 35 % of the larvae reached the pupal stage with 67.16 % reduction than control an d 13 % of t he pupae were deformed. E ugenol ca used 40 % larval m ortality w ith 36.84 % reduction i n pup ation % than control. Pupal weights were significantly lower t han control. In semi field experiment, basil oil was more effective on adult longevity than eugenol. Basil oil had repellent effect on A.ipsilon moths with 66.42 and 35.95% repellency a t (3 %) in case of b asil oil and eugenol, respectively. The b asil essential oil was more ef fective t han its active co mponent (eugenol) on the concerned biological as pects o f A.ipsilon.
Association Rule Mining Using Discrete Cuckoo Search Algorithm

— Association Rule Mining is considered as one of the widely used data mining technique which allows users to find patterns in data. It has two steps firstly its mine frequent itemsets from dataset. Secondly it generate association rule from that frequent items. Many algorithms which is using for Association Rule Mining. Traditional Algorithms that mine too many association rules, which is not useful for users. Its degrading the computational efficiency. Recent research in Association Rule Mining it uses metaheuristic algorithms which is only looking for high quality of rule, a modified discrete cuckoo search algorithm for association rules mining DCS-ARM is proposed for that purpose. The effectiveness of algorithm is tested again the transactional dataset. The experimental result shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms BSO-ARM in terms of the number of valid rule and quality. DCS-ARM is less time consuming than BSC-ARM algorithm.
Design and optimisation of transverse flux machine with passive rotor and flux‐concentrating structure

This paper proposes a transverse flux machine which has the topology of flux-concentrating and passive rotor, and also conducts a design and optimisation for machine. With working process of the machine introduced, its topology structure and composition are introduced. The optimisation objectives and design parameters are obtained with analysis. Furthermore, the performance equations are deduced to determine the parameters which affect performance. Ten free parameters should be optimised and the number of pole pair is first optimised with preliminary simulation. Subsequently, Taguchi method is applied to reduce the number of free parameters, and four parameters are selected to be further optimised. Three approximation models are created, and the Kriging model is better to predict the simulation results, thereby substitute the simulation to be used to algorithm. Accordingly, NSGA-II and MOPSO are used to acquire the optimal design for the machine, and the best solution of algorithm is determined by the simulation based on the results from the two algorithms. Finally, the prototype experiment is conducted to verify the optimisation method and simulation. The whole optimisation process for design and optimisation of electrical machine which is timesaving in comparison with optimisation with only simulation can provide the reference for electrical machine's design.