Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of the presence of transgenic soybean in Indonesian commercial soybean and tempeh using 35S promoter primer by real-time polymerase chain reaction

The present of genetically modified organism (GMO) in food materials such as soybeans regulated by Indonesian Food and Drug Administration. To impose the law, reliable methods to detect transgenic component are needed. Validation of the real-time polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR) to detect the presence of transgenic in soybeans and tempeh has been accomplished. The method used a specific primer to amplify promoter 35S. The method could correctly distinguish GMO soybeans from non-transgenic one. The precision of the method is high as represented by CV value of Ct, which is 7.1% (acceptance criteria < 25%). The realtime PCR still give precise fluorescent signal up to 5pg of DNA template, as a representation of limit of detection of the methods. By the method, one commercial soybean labeled as non-GMO has been detected as GMO soybean, while most imported soybeans as well as the commercial tempeh are GMO.
Comparison of some physical properties of acrylic denture base material cured by water bath and microwave techniques

This study was designed to evaluate the physical properties (porosity and transverse strength) for microwave cured acrylic resin using new Iraqi microwavable flask. For transverse strength test, 20 acrylic samples were prepared with dimensions 65 × 10 + 0.03 × 2.5 mm. Ten samples were processed by conventional water bath technique, while the other 10 samples were prepared by microwave technique using new Iraqi microwavable flask. The transverse strength of the acrylic samples were measured by three–point bending test. For porosity test, 16 acrylic samples were prepared with dimensions 65 × 55 × 2.5 mm. Eight acrylic samples were processed by conventional water bath while the other 8 samples were processed by microwave technique using new Iraqi microwavable flask. Evaluation of porosity occurrence was done using microscope at 20× and 40× magnifications. The results of student’s t–test showed that there are no significant differences ( p > 0.05) in transverse strength for samples cured by water bath and microwave techniques while microscopical examination revealed that all acrylic samples which cured by both techniques were free from porosities. It was concluded that new Iraqi microwavable flask could be successfully used in curing of acrylic denture base material by microwave technique.
Classification of the electronic retail core banking market consumers

This paper is focused on the retail core banking services market. In the Czech Republic the consumers can use web accessible free of charge comparison tool for current account offer called the retail bank charges calculator. This system’s database holds day-to-day usage patterns of every consumer using this calculator. The aim is to classify the Czech e-banking clients that used the calculator during the year 2011. As a data preparations there were performed verification-validation phase, transformation and dimension reduction. The two-step cluster analysis was performed on 11 255 records classified by 19 variables regarding the type of the service, moth usage frequency or average amount of money, communication channel used to establish or order the service and the criterion if the service falls within or outside the single provider. Analysis indentified as an optimal number of clusters 3. There were identified mainstream client, active client and the client with the mixed communication channel preference.
Reconsidering structural conditions: Institutional infrastructure for innovation-based industrial path renewal

This paper aims to develop a more elaborated understanding of innovation-based renewal of industries from a structural perspective. Current perspectives offer rather simplistic views on the role of structural conditions in regional industrial renewal process. In order to overcome this limitation, we draw on the concept of ‘institutional infrastructure’ to examine the ensemble of structural elements for industrial path development in regional contexts. The institutional infrastructure and its conditions, i.e. its elaboration and coherence, are seen as important factors for industrial change. To illustrate this approach, we investigate renewal processes in two traditional automotive regions in Austria and Sweden.
The ‘Space’ in Spatial Assistance Systems

This chapter is about ‘space’: empty space, spatial structures, and the process of structuring. We organize empty space by building-up structures and artefacts of our everyday existence, and structuring transforms and organizes empty space into something of a desired form (e.g., a balanced room, a visually pleasing scene), function (e.g., easily navigable) and semantic connotation (e.g., of a ‘place’). The chapter is written from the perspective of spatial informatics and addresses space at the scale of everyday human perception and thinking. The core of this chapter is to present the informatics of spatial structure; this is done at three levels: (1) the conception of structural form, as it accrues in the minds of people, and its expression, using spatio-linguistic modalities; (2) the formalization of space, using representational means for spatial abstraction; and (3) the computation of structural forms in a manner that constructively assures, assists, and empowers those who conceive of those forms. The chapter is grounded to reality with respect to a particular class of spatial systems, e.g., architecture design, where our interpretations of creative and constructive assistance are applicable. We also present case studies in domains such as design creativity for media pre-production, and real-time emergency assistance, though architectural design remains an area of special emphasis throughout the chapter. Draft copy. Differs from print version. Aug 14 2011.
Dual NMDAR signaling in astrocytes: flux-independent pH sensor & flux-dependent mitochondrial regulator through membrane-mitochondria communication

Glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) is critical for neurotransmission as a Ca2+ channel. Nonetheless, several reports have also demonstrated flux-independent signaling. Astrocytes express NMDAR distinct from its neuronal counterpart, but cultured astrocytes have no electrophysiological response and controversial findings have questioned NMDAR function. We recently demonstrated that in cultured astrocytes NMDA at pH6 (NMDA/pH&) elicits flux-independent Ca2+ release from the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and depletes mitochondrial membrane potential (mΔψ). Here we show that flux-independent Ca2+ release is mainly due to pH6, whereas mΔψ depletion requires both pH6 and flux-dependent NMDAR signaling. Immunofluorescence exhibited that plasma membrane (PM) NMDAR is apposed to ER and mitochondria or surrounds these organelles. Moreover, NMDA/pH6 treatment generated ER stress, increased endocytosis, mitochondria-ER and -nuclear contacts and strikingly, PM invaginations near mitochondria along with electrodense structures referred here as PM-mitochondrial bridges (PM-m-br). These data and earlier observations strongly suggest PM-mitochondria communication. As a proof of concept of this notion, NMDA/pH6 provoked mitochondria labeling by the PM dye FM-4-64FX. Finally, we analyzed by WB NMDAR subunit GluN1 to explore putative causes of NMDAR dual function, we found fragments with M.W. consistent with previously identified cleavage sites. Accordingly, GluN1 intracellular and extracellular domains presented little colocalization. Our findings demonstrate that NMDAR plays a dual function: a flux-independent pH sensor and a flux-dependent regulator of mΔψ. More importantly, mΔψ depletion seems to be mediated by PM-mitochondria communication. Finally, we found different GluN1 fragments that could be involved in NMDAR dual signaling, although causality awaits demonstration.
Fundamentals and Application of Probe Electrospray Ionization

エレクトロスプレーは，金属キャピラリー先端で起こる電気化学反応によって，液体試料を帯電液滴としてスプレーする技術である．キャピラリーをナノ化することで，試料の検出効率が上がる．著者らはキャピラリーに代えて鋭利な先端をもつ金属探針を用いるエレクトロスプレー法を開発した．この方法では，探針を上下運動させ，下至点で探針先端に試料を捕捉した後，上方に探針を移動させてエレクトロスプレーを発生させて試料をイオン化し質量分析するものである．この方法によれば，水分を含むほとんどすべての試料に対して，試料無調製（前処理なし），その場リアルタイムでマススペクトルが得られる．本論では，エレクトロスプレーの原理から，エレクトロスプレーがナノ化に向かう必然性を解説し，探針エレクトロスプレーを生体試料，食品，イメージング測定などへ応用した例を紹介する．
GRADIENT HPLC-DAD DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MIXTURE OF AMLODIPINE BESYLATE, VALSARTAN, AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN COMBINED PHARMACEUTICAL TABLETS

A triple drug combination of amlodipine besylate (AML), valsartan (VAL), and hydrochlothiazide (HCT) was recently approved by the European Medicines Agency and the FDA for the treatment of moderate and severe hypertension. In this work, a simple, rapid, and reliable HPLC-DAD method was described for the simultaneous determination of the three antihypertensives. Chromatographic separation was achieved using Zorbax SB-C8 column with gradient elution of the mobile phase composed of 0.025 M phosphoric acid and acetonitrile. The gradient elution started with 30% (by volume) acetonitrile, ramped up linearly to 70% in 3 min then kept constant for the remainder of the run. The flow rate was 1 mL/min. The multiple wavelength detector was set at 238 nm for measurement of AML and 225 nm for VAL and HCT. Quantification was based on measuring peak areas. The analytes were resolved with retention times 4.2, 4.7, and 6.5 min for HCT, AML, and VAL, respectively. Analytical performance of the proposed procedure was validated with respect to system suitability, linearity, ranges, precision, accuracy, robustness, detection, and quantification limits. The linearity ranges were 5–100, 2.5–200, and 2.5–100 µg/mL for AML, VAL, and HCT, respectively. The validated HPLC method was extended to the analysis of this combination in several laboratory-prepared mixtures of different ratios. Specificity was tested by resolution of the three analytes from several pharmaceutical compounds of various medicinal categories. Finally, Exforge HCT® tablets were assayed using the developed procedure where no interfering peaks were encountered from the tablet additives.
Applications of NMR to soil organic matter analysis : History and prospects

More than 30 years have passed since the first application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to soil organic matter (SOM). Since then, there has been an explosion of applications using 1H, 13C, 31P, and 15N NMR on both solution and solid-state samples. These have greatly enhanced our
Ultra-Fine Water Mist Extinction Dynamics of a Co-Flow Diffusion Flame

Computations are performed to examine the effectiveness of mono-disperse water droplets in extinguishing a co-flow, propane diffusion flame by injecting the droplets into the air stream. The calculations show that the droplets entrained into the reaction kernel at the flame base are crucial for extinction. The reaction kernel detaches from the burner rim and blows-off when the droplet concentration is increased to a critical value (extinction concentration). At the critical value, the maximum chain-branching reaction (H2 + O = OH + H) rate in the reaction kernel was found to be reduced by a factor of 5 in our computations. A large decrease in the reaction rate indicates that the maximum heat generations rate and Damkholer number are too low to sustain the flame, and cause the flame blow-off. Large drops are more effective than small drops, and the extinction concentration of water increases from 10.5% to 15% by mass as the size is reduced from 32 to 4 μm. This is because of competition between the degree of penetration and the rate of evaporation of the water drops. The large drops penetrate the reaction kernel at the flame base better than the small drops, which evaporate completely before reaching the 600 K isotherm located well outside the reaction kernel as shown by our computations. As the droplet diameter is increased further (> 32 μm), the trend will reverse as the evaporation rates get too small, despite increased penetration of flame core by the drops.
Flash photolysis resonance fluorescence investigation of the gas-phase reactions of hydroxyl radicals with a series of aliphatic ketones over the temperature range 240-440 K

Absolute rate constants have been determined for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with a series of aliphatic ketones by the flash photolysis resonance fluorescence measurement technique. Experiments were performed over the temperature range 240-440 K at total pressures (using Ar diluent gas) between 25 and 50 Torr. The rate constant data for acetone (k/sub 1/), 2-butanone (k/sub 2/), and 3-pentanone (k/sub 3/) were used to derive the Arrhenius expressions k/sub 1/ = (1.7 +/- 0.4) x 10/sup -12/ exp(-(600 +/- 75)/T) cm/sup 3/ molecule/sup -1/ s/sup -1/, k/sub 2/ = (2.3 +/- 1.1) x 10/sup -12/ exp(-170 +/- 120)/T) cm/sup 3/ molecule/sup -1/ s/sup -1/, and k/sub 3/ = (2.8 +/- 0.3) x 10/sup -12/ exp(10 +/- 35)/T) cm/sup 3/ molecule/sup -1/ s/sup -1/. At 296 K, the measured rate constants (in units of 10/sup -13/ cm/sup 3/ molecule/sup -1/ s/sup -1/) were k/sub 1/ = 2.16 +/- 0.16, k/sub 2/ = 11.5 +/- 1.0, and k/sub 3/ = 27.4 +/- 1.3. Room temperature rate constants for the reaction of OH radicals with a number of other 2-ketones were also determined. These were (in the above units) 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone (12.1 +/- 0.5), 2-pentanone (40.0 +/- 2.9), 2-hexanone (66.4 +/- 5.6),more » 2-heptanone (86.7 +/- 8.4reverse arrow, 2-octanone (110 +/- 9), 2-nonanone (122 +/- 13), and 2-decanone (132 +/- 12). The error limits represent 2 standard deviations (from the least-squares analysis); the authors estimate that an additional 5% uncertainty should be added to account for possible systematic error in the measurements. These results are discussed in terms of reactivity trends for C-H bonds located in the . cap alpha. , . beta. , and . gamma. positions with respect to the carbonyl group. « less
Intronic variants in the long non-coding RNA CDKN2B-AS1 are strongly associated with the risk of coronary artery disease in the Northern Tribes of Tanzania

Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is facing a rising epidemic of non-communicable diseases including the coronary artery disease (CAD) ranking at the top of the list. Chromosome locus 9p21.3 containing CDKN2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1), identified in many genome-wide association studies for coronary artery disease (CAD), encompasses multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This study aimed to conduct the first genetic study evaluating the common polymorphisms in 9p21.3 locus in Tanzanian CAD patients from different regions of Tanzania and their associations with CAD risk factors. Material and Methods: A total of 90 patients from Northern region (N-CAD) of Tanzania and 65 patients from other regions (South, East, West and Central) (R-CAD) were included in the study. Further the biochemical analysis the genotyping of common variants was performed with the LightSNiP typing assay using qRT-PCR method. Results: Our analyses revealed that both genotype and allele frequencies of rs10757274, rs10757278 and rs10811656 were significantly different between the groups (p<0.05, respectively). We identified that one previously undescribed three-marker haplotype (rs1333049, rs10757274 and rs10757278) encompassing CDKN2B-AS1 was overrepresented (G-G-G, the risk haplotype, p<0.05) in N-CAD group compared to R-CAD group. The AUC of a risk model based on non-genetic factors was 0.730 (0.654-0.797) and the combination with genetic risk factors improved the AUC to 0.784 (95%CI=0.713-0.844, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Our results identified the presence of a novel three-marker haplotype having a significant association with CAD in Northern Tanzania. Moreover, combination of the nongenetic and genetic risk models were demonstrated to indicate good diagnostic accuracy for CAD in Northern Tanzania.
LATERAL VARIABILITY IN SOME PROPERTIES OF DISTURBED FOREST SOILS IN SOUTHWESTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA

Lateral variability in a variety of physical and chemical properties was studied in the surface 30 cm of mineral soil taken from beneath young (5–12 yr) Douglas-fir plantations established after clearcutting and slashburning, primarily in the Coastal Western Hemlock Zone in southwestern B.C. Of the 19 soil properties considered, pH was the least variable while available P and extractable Ca concentrations and quantities tended to be the most variable. However, the order of variability was not consistent among the five plots studied. Estimation of mean values with an allowable error of 10% at the 95% confidence level would require a very large number of samples for most of the properties studied. Even with an allowable error of 20% at the 90% confidence level, more than 100 samples would be required in some instances. Methods of overcoming this need for a large sample size are discussed. A comparison of within-plot variability to among-plot variability for three situations produced no consistent trends. Ho.
System analysis of the functional cross-talk between PPARalpha, LXR and FXR in the human HepaRG liver cells

Transcriptional regulations exert a critical control of metabolic homeostasis. In particular, the nuclear receptors (NRs) are involved in regulating numerous pathways of the intermediate metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to explore in liver cells the interconnectedness between three of them, LXR, FXR, and PPARα, all three known to act on lipid and glucose metabolism, and also on inflammation. The human cell line HepaRG was selected for its best proximity to human primary hepatocytes. Global gene expression of differentiated HepaRG cells was assessed after 4 hours and 24 hours of exposure to GW3965 (LXR agonist), GW7647 (PPARα agonist), and GW4064 and CDCA (FXR synthetic and natural agonist, respectively). Our work revealed that, contrary to our expectations, NR specificity is largely present at the level of target genes, with a smaller than expected overlap of the set of genes targeted by the different NRs. It also highlighted the much broader activity of the synthetic FXR ligand compared to CDCA. More importantly, our results revealed that activation of FXR has a pro-proliferative effect and decreases polyploidy of hepatocytes, while LXR inhibits the cell cycle progression, inducing hepatocyte differentiation and a higher polyploidism. Conclusion: these results
Analysis of Tax Amnesty Disclosures, Tax Avoidance, and Firm Value

This research tried to investigate the relationship between tax amnesty disclosures, as mandated by Indonesia’s Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 70, the level of tax avoidance, and the firm value. This research used 34 samples of public listed companies that participate in 2016 tax amnesty program. Researcher used spearman-rho correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression to analyze the data. This research showed two results. First, there is a moderate negative relationship between tax amnesty disclosure level and tax avoidance level, indicate that necessity for tax amnesty disclosure will be reduced if the company had the lower level of tax avoidance. Second, this research also showed that tax avoidance level and tax amnesty disclosure level had the negative significant effect toward firm value. It is implied that tax amnesty and tax avoidance were two negative actions that reduce the investor trust’s in the company.
Influence of Dietary Palm Oil on Growth Response, Carcass Composition, Haematology and Organoleptic Properties of Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of replacing fish (codliver) oil with palm oil at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100 % for diets 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively, of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Each diet was formulated to contain 28% crude protein and fed to triplicate groups of 10 juvenile Oreochromis niloticus (mean wt., 9.09g). Fish mortality decreased with increasing palm oil substitution level. There was a significant difference (P< 0.05) in the survival of fish fed Diet 4 compared with other treatments. The result showed that carcass quality of experimental fish was not compromised as a result of the use of palm oil in diets. Blood parameters of fish fed experimental diets showed a common trend, namely the higher the palm oil substitution level, the higher the blood parameters. Organoleptic properties of experimental fish showed that palm oil replacement for fish oil had no negative effect on their sensory evaluation and eating quality. The present study provides evidence that palm oil can effectively replace cod liver oil in diets for Nile Tilapia, O. niloticus.
Direct Synthesis of Double Hydrophilic Statistical Di- and Triblock Copolymers Comprised of Acrylamide and Acrylic Acid Units via the MADIX Process

Double hydrophilic statistical, diblock and triblock copolymers comprised of acrylamide and acrylic acid units have been synthesized in aqueous medium using the MADIX process. Starting from an either monofunctional or difunctional xanthate, the resulting AB and ABA-type double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBC) exhibited molar masses predetermined by the initial monomer/xanthate precursor molar ratio and polydispersity indices in the range 1.2–1.5. Batch copolymerizations yielded well-defined statistical copolymers that were chain-extended for the synthesis of novel poly- (acrylic acid-stat-acrylamide)-block-polyacrylamide DHBC.
Lake metabolism and the diel oxygen technique: State of the science

Significant improvements have been made in estimating gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP) from diel, “free‐water” changes in dissolved oxygen (DO). Here we evaluate some of the assumptions and uncertainties that are still embedded in the technique and provide guidelines on how to estimate reliable metabolic rates from high‐frequency sonde data. True whole‐system estimates are often not obtained because measurements reflect an unknown zone of influence which varies over space and time. A minimum logging frequency of 30 min was sufficient to capture metabolism at the daily time scale. Higher sampling frequencies capture additional pattern in the DO data, primarily related to physical mixing. Causes behind the often large daily variability are discussed and evaluated for an oligotrophic and a eutrophic lake. Despite a 3‐fold higher day‐to‐day variability in absolute GPP rates in the eutrophic lake, both lakes required at least 3 sonde days per week for GPP estimates to be within 20% of the weekly average. A sensitivity analysis evaluated uncertainties associated with DO measurements, piston velocity (k), and the assumption that daytime R equals nighttime R. In low productivity lakes, uncertainty in DO measurements and piston velocity strongly impacts R but has no effect on GPP or NEP. Lack of accounting for higher R during the day underestimates R and GPP but has no effect on NEP. We finally provide suggestions for future research to improve the technique.