Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surgical Technique for the Correction of Postpalatoplasty Fistulae of the Hard Palate

Postpalatoplasty fistulas of the hard palate remain challenging. The reported recurrence rate after surgical correction ranges between 33 and 37 percent. The authors describe a surgical technique for the correction of postpalatoplasty fistulas by total elevation of the palatal gingivoperiosteum starting at the dental sulcus, excision of the fistula, and watertight separate closure of the nasal and palatal mucosa by means of the transoral approach. This technique has the advantages of providing adequate exposure for closure of the nasal mucosal gap and allowing closure of the palatal defect under minimal tension. Placement of interdental sutures leaves no raw bone surfaces exposed. The authors have used this technique on 60 consecutive patients with fistulas of the primary and secondary hard palate between 1998 and 2003. Their overall success rate of fistula closure was 90 percent. The success rate for previously unoperated postpalatoplasty fistulas was 96.9 percent. All of the failures occurred in patients who had bilateral cleft lip and palate. No complications of tooth loss or gingival recession were observed. A detailed description of the technique with illustrations is provided.
Observed variability of Lake Superior pCO2

We present and compare direct and indirect pCO2 observations taken in Lake Superior in the last decade and use them to understand temporal and spatial variability in lake carbon cycle processes. In situ observations from 2001 and biannual survey data for 1996–2006 indicate that Lake Superior was, on average, supersaturated (annual mean = 46.7 ± 17.3 Pa [461 ± 171 μatm]) with respect to atmospheric pCO2 (mean = 38.3 ± 0.6 Pa) in April and close to equilibrium (mean = 37.5 ± 6.7 Pa) with respect to atmospheric pCO2 (mean = 36.4 ± 0.7 Pa) in August. Both data sets indicate that temporal variability in surface lake pCO2 from weekly to interannual timescales was predominantly controlled by changing dissolved inorganic carbon and associated changes in pH. An unstratified water column appears to have limited pCO2 fluctuations in spring. Through summer and into early fall, pCO2 variability on a daily timescale at 12 m increased with time to a maximum amplitude of 19 Pa, likely as a result of internal waves on the thermocline. Year‐to‐year changes in mean surface lake pCO2 and temperature were of the same sign and approximate magnitude at all observed points, consistent with the lake's small size relative to the synoptic‐scale meteorological systems that force it. Variability in pCO2 was not correlated with major climate indices. While these data provide a first large‐scale overview of Lake Superior's pCO2 and its temporal variability, their time–space resolution and accuracy are not sufficient to further refine previously imbalanced lake‐wide carbon budgets.
IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF SOME NATURAL MOLECULES

Objective: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is inducible and is expressed only after an inflammatory stimulus. Molecular docking is used to predict and analyze interactions between protein receptors and ligands. In the present study efforts are made to identify novel natural compounds possessing anti-inflammatory activity using Autodock. Methods: MGL tool was used for docking preparation and Autodock Vina was used for binding energy calculations. Virtual analysis of docking site was analyzed by PyRx and PyMol. The structure of cyclooxygenase-2 (4COX) was obtained from protein data bank and the structures of ligands were collected from Pubchem database. Results: All the selected molecules except apigenin and naringin satisfied the Lipinski’s rule of five. Naringin showed highest binding affinity (8.6 Kcal/mol) followed by rutin (8.3 Kcal/mol). Conclusion: It is found that natural molecules can be potential anti-inflammatory agents.
Microsatellite loci inheritance in the Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis with an analysis of expected gametes ratios in polyploidy organisms

Microsatellite markers can provide information on the family structure and genetic diversity based on legible co-dominant Mendel inheritance fashion in diploids. However, parentage and genetics analysis of sturgeon using microsatellite markers is complicated by the polyploidy nature of the species. In the present study, the inheritance mode of microsatellite loci is shown using 3 families created from wild Chinese sturgeon ( Acipenser sinensis). Primers As-073, Spl-168, and As-100 indicated a maximum of four even-intensity bands per individual and pairwise combination of alleles segregation in the progeny that fit tetrasomic inheritance ( P > 0.05). Double reduction exhibited at As-073 simultaneously gave evidence of tetrasomic inheritance. The mode of inheritance at As-074 and Afu-54, both expressing more than two alleles in one individual, could not be ultimately determined because of few inheritance data. The occurrence of null allele at Spl-168 and As-074 was noted.
Interactive regulation of dissolved copper toxicity by an estuarine microbial community

Cultured marine microorganisms under copper stress produce extracellular compounds having a high affinity for copper (copper‐complexing ligands). These ligands are similar in binding strength to those found in natural waters, but few studies have examined the relationship between copper, copper‐complexing ligand concentrations, and natural microbial populations. A series of in situ experiments in the Elizabeth River, Virginia, revealed that an intact estuarine microbial community responded to copper stress by production of extracellular, high‐affinity copper complexing ligands. The rate of ligand production was dependent on copper concentration and resulted in a reduction of the concentration of free cupric ions, Cu2+, by more than three orders of magnitude during a 2‐week period in one experiment. We believe that this interactive response to copper stress represents a feedback system through which microbial communities can potentially buffer dissolved Cu2+ ion concentrations, thereby regulating copper bioavailability and toxicity.
Plant Molecular Mutation Breeding

The advance in molecular genetics and DNA technologies has brought plant breeding including mutation breeding into a molecular era. Plant molecular mutation breeding is here defined as mutation breeding in which molecular or genomic information and tools is used in the development of breeding strategies and in the implementation of the breeding process. It is built upon the science of DNA damage, repair and mutagenesis, plant molecular genetics and genomics of important agronomic traits as well as induced mutations. Mutagenic treatment, super-mutable genetic lines, molecular markers and high throughput DNA technologies for mutation screening such as TILLING (Targeting Induced Limited Lesions IN Genomes) are the key techniques and resources in molecular mutation breeding. Molecular mutation breeding will significantly increase both the efficiency and efficacy of mutation techniques in crop breeding. A perspective molecular mutation breeding scheme is proposed for discussion.
Ammonia availability shapes the seasonal distribution and activity of archaeal and bacterial ammonia oxidizers in the Puget Sound Estuary

A combination of molecular and activity measures was used to explore seasonal patterns of distribution, activity, and diversity of ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in relationship to ammonia availability in Hood Canal, a fjord within the Puget Sound, Washington State estuary system. A greater contribution of AOA to nitrification, relative to AOB, was supported by complementary quantification of transcripts of a gene (amoA) coding for one subunit of the ammonia monooxygenase, quantification of intact glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids, and kinetic modeling. High AOA : AOB ratios and nitrification rates measured by 15NH+4 dilution technique were associated with low concentrations of ammonia, whereas transient increases in AOB were most closely associated with regionally and seasonally elevated concentrations of ammonia in the water column. Additionally, single cell nitrification rates and transcript numbers were calculated for AOA and AOB populations. Together these observations offer additional ecological support for the idea that niche separation of AOA and AOB is in part determined by ammonia concentrations in estuarine ecosystems.
Timed Discrete-Event Simulation of Aviation Scenarios

Ensuring systems behave as they are expected is unavoidable in the context of critical environments. In the aviation industry, certiﬁcation standards provide rules and pro-tocols to ensure correct maneuvers with respect to logical or timed events. These are targeted to computer-intensive systems as well as to human ﬂight crews. In this setting, we are interested in the modeling and simulation of event-driven and time-driven behaviors at a high level. This study focuses on the TESL language [9] that provides a logical framework for timed behaviors with monitoring and testing features. In particular, we model various aviation scenarios and focus our study on fault monitoring.
Coexistence patterns of benthic gastropods on the Uruguayan shelf

Community assembly rules theory attempt to understand the processes that determine the composition of local communities from a regional species pool. Nestedness and negative co-occurrence are two of the most commonly reported metacommunity patterns, but almost exclusively from terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Here we analyzed the structure of species coexistence in six datasets containing presence/absence data for 120 marine benthic gastropod species in 249 sampling units on the Uruguayan continental shelf and Rio de la Plata estuary. The ecological features of this system, such as the idiosyncratic nature of the biogeographic and oceanographic realms, are clearly different from those observed in other systems previously targeted by studies on coexistence structure. Community patterns were evaluated using null models and four structure indices. The existence of patterns in community assembly, and in particular segregated co-occurrence, was verified only when analyzing the number of checkerboard units (CH index). This indicates more mutually exclusive species pairs than expected by chance. Nestedness, on the other hand, was not detected in any dataset. Storage and rescue effects related to overall high immigration and low local extinction rates are plausible mechanisms to account for the general pattern of random species coexistence, while the segregated co-occurrence pattern depicted by the CH index may be related to differential habitat requirements within species pairs. Our study highlights the importance of analyzing metacommunity structures in alternative biological, environmental, and historical contexts in order to advance on the construction of a general ecological theory, relating patterns with the processes dominating in particular ecosystems.
Framework for Automatic Face Makeup Rendering for Fixing Flaws in Images

Because smartphones have become one of lifes necessities, photos are gradually used in the place of texts to record all the moments of ones daily life. For various reasons, including sharing photos with friends, we require postprocessing or manual editing of images. However, this work, which includes the editing of many photos, is highly time-consuming for amateurs. Thus, in this paper, we develop a framework to create a batch of face makeup by referring to one example. Moreover, we propose four makeup algorithms for facial ﬂaws, including color adjustment for eyebrows and lips; removal of freckles, moles, and dark circles; and smoothing of skin ﬂaws. More precisely, ﬁrst, we consider one reference example that can be manually edited and estimate a recovered mask that records the pixels of the makeup region to be processed. Then, feature landmarks on the reference example and a subject image are detected with the ASM algorithm, and the geometric relationship between these two images is modeled by an aﬃne transformation. By transferring the pixel location of the makeup region from the reference example, the makeup region in the subject image can be estimated, and the corresponding makeup al-gorithm can be applied. The advantages of the proposed framework are that only one reference image is required, and the virtual makeup can be automatically rendered for the remaining images of the same person. The experiment results demonstrate the eﬀective-ness of the proposed framework for ﬁxing ﬂawed images.
IMPROVEMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL VIABILITY AT 4dGC BY ADDITION OF LAZAROID U74500A TO PRESERVATION SOLUTIONS1

Lazaroids are potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Endothelial cell damage has been shown to occur during cold storage preservation of lung and liver. This study examines the effects on endothelial cell viability of the addition of four lazaroids, U74006F, U78518F, U74500A, or U75412E to preservation solutions. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures were stored at 4dGC for 48 and 96 hr in EuroCollins or 5% polyethylene glycol in buffered saline (PEG). U78518F, U74500A, U74006F, U75412E, or dexamethasone (each 50 mUM) was added to EC (n=32) or PEG (n=32) and compared with control solutions of EC or PEG alone. Endothelial cell viability was determined by measuring cellular reduction of 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,3-diphenyltetrazolium bromide to a purple formazan dye. The reduction occurs only in viable cells and requires mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity. Results were quantified by measuring dye absorbance (Ab) with a micro-ELISA spectrophotometer. Absorbance values were compared by ANOVA and reported as mean values ± standard deviation. Addition of U74500A to EC (Ab = 0.474±0.055) and PEG (Ab = 0.462±.005) improved viability at 48 hr when compared with EC (Ab = 0.289± 0.069) and PEG (Ab = 0.287±0.052) alone (P < 0.05). At 96 hr, addition of U74500A resulted in improved viability in both EC (Ab = 0.377±0.068) and PEG (Ab = 0.393±0.054) when compared with EC alone (Ab = 0.195±0.09) or PEG alone (Ab = 0.212±0.1) (P < 0.05). Other lazaroids tested were also effective in improving cellular viability, but to a lesser degree than U74500A. This study demonstrates that the addition of lazaroids to organ preservation solutions improves endothelial cell viability.
Biochemical and antioxidant activities of pigmented landraces of Oryza sativa - Koraput District, Odisha, India.

Ten pigmented landraces of rice were analyzed for chemical composition and antioxidant properties. The results of proximate composition and calcium, iron, zinc content showed intra variability among landraces. The amylose, total anthocyanin (TAC) and phytate contents were found to be in the range of 22.01 44.38%, 28.73 193.36 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/100 g and 1.16 24.49 mg Fe/100 g respectively. Total phenol and polyphenol contents were in the range of 233.92 251.38 mg ferulic acid equivalent/100 g and 252.43 284.36 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g, respectively. Antioxidant assays of landraces showed free radical scavenging activity.
Biosensors: Functions and Applications

Abstract The development of biosensors has been the center of scientist's attention for recent decades. Biosensors can essentially serve as low-cost and highly efficient devices for this purpose in addition to being used in other day to day applications. Biosensor is a device that consists of two main parts: A bioreceptor and a transducer. Bioreceptor is a biological component that recognizes the target analyte and transducer is a physicochemical detector component that converts the recognition event into a measurable signal. Biomolecules such as enzymes, antibodies, receptors, organelles and microorganisms as well as animal and plant cells or tissues have been used as biological sensing elements. In this paper, we review recent development in use of biosensors as a diagnostic tool, as well as some future applications of biosensor technology. Keywords: Biosensors, Microbial biosensor, Transducer, Pathogen detection  Correspondence should be addressed to Azizollahi Aliabadi, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran. Email:
MEIOFAUNAL DIVERSITYAND NEMATODE ASSEMBLAGES IN TWO SUBMARINE CAVES OF A MEDITERRANEAN MARINE PROTECTED AREA

Submarine caves are environments of great ecological interest because of the occurrence of peculiar conditions, such as the attenuation of light and reduced water turnover, which can determine oligotrophic conditions from the entrance to the interior part of the cave. These environmental gradients may influence the distribution of the communities inhabiting submarine caves. In this study we investigated the meiofaunal community and nematode assemblages from the sediments inside and outside two submarine caves in Ustica Island Marine Protected Area (southwest Italy): Grotta Falconiera and Grotta dei Gamberi. Consistently with a general pattern of distribution reported by several studies on benthic organisms, our results showed a decrease in the abundance and changes in the taxa composition of the meiofaunal community along the exterior-interior axis of the caves, also highlighting the dissimilarity between the dark and semi-dark communities. We found a significant influence of the availability of organic matter (i.e. phytopigment concentrations) on the distribution and composition of both the meiofauna and the nematode community inside the caves. Different nematode assemblages characterized the inside and the outside of the two caves, with species occurring exclusively in the sediment of both caves, particularly in the dark portions, and completely absent in the external sediments. Environmental features of submarine caves may affect food resources inside the caves and consequently trophic nematode assemblages. Our results showed a difference in feeding strategies between nematodes inhabiting the caves and those living outside, suggesting that in the two caves investigated, bacteria might represent the most important food source for nematodes.
Synaptic clustering of GABAA receptors

s: Essrich, C, Fritschy, J. M. , Luscher, B. (1997). Dendritic targeting of GABA x receptors: A role for the y2 subunit. Abstract, 29. annual meeting of USGEB. Geneva, Switzerland, Essrich, C, Fritschy, J. M. , Lüscher, B. (1998). Membrane targeting of GABAA receptors: Essential roles for the y2 subunit and gephyrin. Abstract, 30. annual meeting of LJSGEB, Lausanne, Switzerland. Essrich, C, Fritschy, J. M. , Lüscher, B. (1998). Synaptic targeting ofGABAA receptors: Essential roles for the y2 subunit and gephyrin. Abstract, Forum of Euopean Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany. Essrich, C, Lorez, M. , Benson, J. A. , Fritschy, J. M. , Lüscher, B. (1998). Essential roles in postsynaptic clustering of GABAA receptors for the y2 subunit and gephyrin. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , Vol. 24, Part 2, p. 1349. Baer, K. , Essrich, C, Benson, J. A. , Lorez, M. , Bluethmann, IT, Lüscher, B. (1998). Reconstitution of benzodiazepine-sensitive GABAX receptors by overexpression of the yj subunit in y2 subunit-deficient mice. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , Vol. 24, Part 2, p. 1350.
Short communication Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the pif gene of Spodoptera frugiperdanucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV)

Defective viruses, not transmissible alone, increase the transmissibility of complete genotypes in natural populations of Spodoptera frugiperda multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV). The defective phenotype is associated with a 15 kb deletion, which includes the pif (per os infectivity factor) gene. The sequence of a 2.4 kb fragment that includes pif was determined. Multiple transcripts encompassing pif were detected by Northern blot analysis. RT-PCR and nuclease protection analysis demonstrated the presence of run-through transcripts starting upstream of pif. A 2.0 kb messenger started from a CTAAG promoter motif located 11 nt upstream of the pif start codon, and ended 450 nt downstream from the pif stop codon. This pif mRNA included a small downstream ORF (homologous to Se37). A transcript of 0.8 kb was detected that may correspond to a specific transcript from this small ORF. This transcript would start at a late consensus motif internal to pif coding sequences, ending at the same polyadenylation signal as the pif transcript. These transcription features resemble those of pif transcription in Spodoptera littoralisNPV, although the genomic location of pif is not equivalent in the two viruses. SfMNPV pif can encode a protein of 529 amino acids, closely related to Spodoptera exiguaMNPV PIF. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Saline tolerant plant growth promoting diazotrophs from rhizosphere of bermuda grass and their effect on rice

In this study, beneficial effects of multifaceted growth promoting isolates for rice were investigated under two different salt concentrations in pot culture conditions. Two most salt tolerant isolates (TRY2) Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. (TRY4) were selected and their growth promoting characters were studied under slight and moderate NaCl concentration. Isolates Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. were able to fix the nitrogen and solubilise phosphate, synthesise IAA, acc deaminase regardless of NaCl concentration in most cases, under conditions of salinity. In pot experiments, plant growth (plant height, dry weight, and chlorophyll content) was promoted by bacterial inoculation with 2.9 and 5.8 g NaCl/kg soil. In this study, uptake nutrients (N+, P+, and K+) were increased regardless of NaCl concentration with inoculation of Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. and uptake of Na+ was reduced with treatments receiving 5.8 NaCl/kg soil with Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. isolates used as inoculants as compared to control. The present observations showed that strains Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. partially alleviated the saline stress in rice, likely through the integration of several mechanisms that improve the plant response.
The applicability of redox-indicator dyes in strongly reduced media; their effect on the human fecal flora

Abstract Cresyl violet acetate was found to be an appropriate redox-indicator dye in anaerobic culture media with low redox potentials. Low redox potentials ( E ′ h −250 to −300 mV) in media were obtained by addition of dithiothreitol (DTT). DTT and cresyl violet acetate in media did not influence the total number of anaerobes cultured from human feces.
Molecular identification of ectomycorrhizas associated with ponderosa pine seedlings in Patagonian nurseries (Argentina)

Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. & C. Laws.), an ectomycorrhiza (EM) dependent species, has been widely introduced in Patagonia, Argentina. This study used morphotyping, restriction analysis, and sequencing of EM root tips from ponderosa pine seedlings in two nurseries to assess the complete EM fungus (EMF) richness, to confirm doubtful identities of commonly reported morphotypes, and to evaluate the efficiency of morphotyping compared with molecular analysis. This interdisciplinary approach together with the fact that is the first study in which Patagonian nurseries EMF are genetically evaluated contributes to the general knowledge of this important group of fungi. Sequencing revealed the presence of 11 taxa. Basidiomycetes included Thelephoraceae (Tomentella sp.), Atheliaceae (Amphinema byssoides (Pers.) J. Erikss. ), Hydnangiaceae (Laccaria sp.), Rhizopogonaceae (Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th. Fr. ), and Cortinariaceae (Hebeloma mesophaeum (Pers.) Quel. ). Ascomycetes included Pezizaceae (Wil.