Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of farmer practices and high yield experiments: Farmers could get more maize yield from maize-soybean relay intercropping through high density cultivation of maize

Intercropping is a high-yield, resource-efficient planting method. There is a large gap between actual yield and potential yield at farmer’s field. Their actual yield of intercropped maize remains unclear under low solar radiation-area, whether this yield can be improved, and if so, what are the underlying mechanism for increasing yield? In the present study, we collected the field management and yield data of intercropping maize by conducting a survey comprising 300 farmer households in 2016-2017. Subsequently, based on surveyed data, we designed an experiment including a high density planting (Dense cultivation and high N fertilization with plough tillage; DC) and normal farmer practice (Common cultivation; CC) to analyze the yield, canopy structure, light interception, photosynthetic parameters, and photosynthetic productivity. Most farmers preferred rotary tillage with a low planting density and N fertilization. Survey data showed that farmer yield ranged between 4-6 Mg ha-1, with highest yield recorded at 10-12 Mg ha-1, suggesting a possibility for yield improvement by improved cropping practices. Results from high density experiment showed that the two-years average yield for DC was 28.8% higher than the CC. Compared to CC, the lower angle between stem and leaf (LA) and higher leaf area index (LAI) in DC resulted in higher light interception in middle canopy and increased the photosynthetic productivity under DC. Moreover, in upper and lower canopies, the average activity of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase was 70% higher in DC than CC. Briefly, increase in LAI and high Pn improved both light interception and photosynthetic productivity, thereby mediating an increase in the maize yield. Overall, these results indicated that farmer’s yields on average can be increased by 2.1 Mg ha-1 by increasing planting density and N fertilization, under plough tillage.
3D spatial organization and improved antibiotic treatment of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa–Staphylococcus aureus wound biofilm by nanoparticle enzyme delivery

Chronic wounds infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are a relevant health problem worldwide because these pathogens grow embedded in a network of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and extracellular DNA, named biofilm, that hinders the transport of antibiotics and increases their antimicrobial tolerance. It is necessary to investigate therapies that improve the penetrability and efficacy of antibiotics. In this context, our main objectives were to study the relationship between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus and how their relationship can affect the antimicrobial treatment and investigate whether functionalized silver nanoparticles can improve the antibiotic therapy. We used an optimized in vitro wound model that mimics an in vivo wound to co-culture P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilm. The in vitro wound biofilm was treated with antimicrobial combinatory therapies composed of antibiotics (gentamycin and ciprofloxacin) and biofilm-dispersing free or silver nanoparticles functionalized with enzymes (α-amylase, cellulase, DNase I, or proteinase K) to study their antibiofilm efficacy. The interaction and colocalization of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in a wound-like biofilm were examined and detailed characterized by confocal and electronic microscopy. We demonstrated that antibiotic monotherapy is inefficient as it differentially affects the two bacterial species in the mixed biofilm, driving P. aeruginosa to overcome S. aureus when using ciprofloxacin and the contrary when using gentamicin. In contrast, dual-antibiotic therapy efficiently reduces both species while maintaining a balanced population. In addition, DNase I nanoparticle treatment had a potent antibiofilm effect, decreasing P. aeruginosa and S. aureus viability to 0.017 and 7.7%, respectively, in combined antibiotics. The results showed that using nanoparticles functionalized with DNase I enhanced the antimicrobial treatment, decreasing the bacterial viability more than using the antibiotics alone. The enzymes α-amylase and cellulase showed some antibiofilm effect but were less effective compared to the DNase I treatment. Proteinase K showed insignificant antibiofilm effect. Finally, we proposed a three-dimensional colocalization model consisting of S. aureus aggregates within the biofilm structure, which could be associated with the low efficacy of antibiofilm treatments on bacteria. Thus, designing a clinical treatment that combines antibiofilm enzymes and antibiotics may be essential to eliminating chronic wound infections.
AFLP-based Genetic Linkage and Crossover Analysis in F 10 Inbred Lines of Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ( L . ) Walp . )

Genetic linkage map was constructed within the cultivated gene pool of cowpea from F10 recombinant inbred population of 94 individuals. The recombinant population was derived from a cross between the breeding lines Kanannado and 88DM-345 which were developed in Nigeria. Kanannado is day sensitive while 88DM-345 is day neutral. Twenty-three AFLP primer combinations were tested on the inbred lines and the parentals generating 141 marker loci. A total of 96 AFLP marker loci identified 11 linkage groups spanning 2551.6 cM with an average distance of 231.9 cM. Average marker density was 26.58 per marker loci. Linkage groups ranged from 17.2 to 1137.8 cM and included 3–35 marker loci, respectively. A total of 4330 crossing-over with an average of 2.0 per cM was observed. The average number of crossing-over per individual over the genome was 4.5 per chromosome per individual.
An Affordance-based Action Planner for On-line and Concurrent Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly

We propose an affordance-based action planner for on-line and concurrent human-robot collaboration on a shared task. The proposed planner enables the robot to: (i) derive a high-level manipulation strategy of a joint task that requires the performance of a sequence of actions of both the robot and the human and (ii) decide when to intervene by taking action into the sequence of actions performed by the human. The robot intervention in the course of action is dictated by the anticipation of the needs of the human co-worker; the robot can proactively perform a supportive behavior to help its human partner. For building plans shared between the robot and the human, we exploit the knowledge represented by affordance models. Affordances are leveraged to tailor the plan to the environment where the robot operates, selecting the best action to implement a step of the plan according to the object features and the human preferences. The proposed planner has two important features: (i) reaction to action failure to dynamically adapt the plan during the execution, and (ii) planning of concurrent actions that increases the level of support that the robot can provide, and improves the working conditions of the human. We applied the proposed affordance-based planner to an assembly task for the demonstration of on-line and concurrent collaboration using the Baxter robotics platform.
Monetary Dynamics and Gold Dinar : An Empirical Perspective

According to proponents of Gold Dinar particularly Meera and Aziz (2002), termed as Dinarists’, the fiat monetary system is inherently unstable. In providing an empirical perspective on this contention, this paper investigates monetary dynamics of a Muslim economy, Malaysia. To this end, the paper adopts a vector autoregressive (VAR) framework to document dynamic interactions between money supply and various macroeconomic variables including real output, price level, interest rate and stock prices. The results seem to provide some support for the Dinarists’ contention. First, the results portray clearly an important causal role of money supply for other macroeconomic variables. Second, we document some evidence that expansion in money supply is inflationary. Lastly, money supply – interest rate and money supply – stock price interactions are destabilizing. More importantly, expansion in money supply has the potential of breeding asset price bubbles. However, apart from the above findings, we also find that money supply reacts positively to increase in real output. Since the accommodative role of money supply is necessary or a pre-condition for expansion in production, arguments for Gold Dinar need to be qualified. Moreover, the viability of Gold Dinar comes into question when political and international aspects of monetary standards are considered.
Robust Linear Bayes Classifier for Microarray Gene Expression Data Analysis

Classifying tissue samples or genes into different groups is a central task of bioinformatics research. Different classification (supervised and unsupervised) methods are available. However, these existing methods produce low accuracy results if the data set is high-dimensional or contaminated by outliers. Microarray gene expression data contains high level of noise. These dimensionality issues and the noise in the dataset, substantially influence classification accuracy. To noise resistance and accurately classify of tissue samples or genes, a suitable method is necessary to achieve good performance. In this paper, we proposed highly robust Linear Bayes classification rule for supervised classification in gene expression studies.
Casting and Nonplanar Heterogeneous Bonding

For four decades, microfluidics technology has been used in exciting, state-of-the-art applications. This paper reports on a novel fabrication approach in which micromachining is used to create nonplanar, three-dimensional microfluidic chips for experiments. Several parameters of micromachining were examined to enhance the smoothness and definition of surface contours in the nonplanar poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) mold inserts. A nonplanar PMMA/PMMA chip and a nonplanar polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/PMMA chip were fabricated to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. In the first case, a S-shape microchannel was fabricated on the nonplanar PMMA substrate and sealed with another nonplanar PMMA via solvent bonding. In the second case, a PDMS membrane was casted from two nonplanar PMMA substrates and bonded on hemispherical PMMA substrate via solvent bonding for use as a microlens array (MLAs). These examples demonstrate the effectiveness of micromachining in the fabrication of nonplanar microfluidic chips directly on a polymeric substrate, as well as in the manufacture of nonplanar mold inserts for use in creating PDMS/PMMA microfluidic chips. This technique facilitates the creation of nonplanar microfluidic chips for applications requiring a three-dimensional space for in vitro characterization.
A NEW ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL AND CILNIDIPINE IN ITS PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM BY UPLC AS PER ICH GUIDE LINES

A NEW ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL AND CILNIDIPINE IN ITS PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM BY UPLC AS PER ICH GUIDE LINES Alagar raja . M , Ashwini. Y, David banji, Rao. K.N. V, Selva Kumar. D Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Nalanda Coll ege of Pharmacy, Nalgonda, Telangana State, India 508001. Schools of Pharmacy, Taylors University, Subang Jay a, Malaysia.
An Appraisal of Thematic Analysis: Warts and All

Maguire & Delahunt’s (2017) outline of thematic analysis provides a valuable guide for novice qualitative researchers. However, it is essential for such researchers to be forewarned of the issues and debates that impact this approach. These include the relative standing of qualitative approach and thematic analysis in particular. In addition, neophyte qualitative researchers should consider using specialised software to support their endeavours, as well as both a research log and reflective diary. New researchers to this field are also advised to also consider the framework outlined by Fereday and Muir-Cochrane which advocates a hybrid approach combing inductive and deductive coding.
Flow past a cylinder with free hemispherical ends: comments on grid independence and wake symmetry characteristics

A grid independence study and numerical computations are reported for the flow past cylinders with free hemispherical ends. A novel modelling technique is used whereby a spectralelement method is employed with an azimuthal Fourier expansion around the symmetry axis of the cylinder. The flow direction is then normal to the axis of symmetry, rather than in the axial direction. For benchmarking purposes, results using the proposed grids are compared to accurate computations of the flow past a sphere, and an accuracy of better than 0.5% is obtained up to a Reynolds number Re= 300. Plots showing alterations in the symmetry characteristics of the wakes are provided for length ratios up toLR = 10.
Philosophy between Religion and Science

Philosophical concerns are evidenced from the beginning of human literature, which have no obvious connection to philosophy’s mainstream epistemological and metaphysical problematic. I reject the views that the nature of philosophy is a philosophical question, and that the discipline is united by methodology, arguing that it must be united by subject matter. The origins of the discipline provide reasons to doubt the existence of a unifying subject matter, however, and scepticism about philosophy also arises from its a priori methodology and apparent lack of progress. In response, I argue that philosophy acquired a distinctive subject matter when the concept of transcendence was introduced into attempts to gain a systematic understanding of the world and our place within it; philosophy thereby pursues the same aim of achieving a synoptic vision of reality as religion, but resembles science in its development and employment of rigorous methodologies. Philosophy’s subject matter explains why it must be pursued a priori, and it only appears not to have progressed when aims are neglected, and it is inappropriately assimilated to science.
Direct Investment and Corporate Taxation

This paper investigates the role of corporate taxation with respect to a multinational’s investment decision in which the multinational can pursue either a direct or an indirect investment strategy. The latter strategy involves an intermediate corporate entity and opens up enhanced opportunities for international tax planning. The existence of preferential tax treatment for intermediate entities presumably changes the role of corporate taxation in destination countries, because it supports multinationals in avoiding taxes. The empirical findings of this study are consistent with theoretical predictions and suggest that tax effects differ, depending on the investment regime. The endogeneity of the regime choice – direct versus indirect – is taken into account by a switching regression approach.
Growth performances and hemato-immunological responses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) to fermented Aspergillus oryzae

The present study investigates the effects of varying levels of dietary fermented Aspergillus oryzae (0 g Kg-1 as control group, 10, 20 and 30 g Kg-1) on performance and haemato-immunological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. Common carp fingerlings (n=240, w=4.56±0.17 g) were supplied, randomly stocked in 12 aquaria and fed with experimental diets for 7 weeks. The results revealed no significant differences between performance parameters of fermented A. oryzae fed test and control diets (p˃0.05). Also, evaluation of haematological parameters (RBC, Hct, Hb) and white blood cell (WBC) counts showed no notable changes between experimental groups (p˃0.05). However, respiratory burst activity was meaningfully higher in fish fed fermented A. oryzae compared to control group (p<0.05). The present results showed that possible effects of administration of fermented A. oryzae on immune responses in carp fingerlings.
Driver sleepiness detection based on eye movement evaluation-a driving simulator study

The article provides a study of driver fatigue experimental research on interactive driver simulator. Visually available face features, movements of eyes and facial expression are followed with the help of distant eye tracker. The driver behaviour of sleep deprived participants is observed and compared to that of the rested drivers. This research targets sparing the key features of driver behaviour for further implementation in detection methods of driver fatigue in the human-machine interface of modern and future cars.
ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL LOAD IN SMALL GAMES IN YOUNG FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Today, small-sided games (JER) are utilized as training football methods. Objective: Analyze and compare internal and external workload in young footballers in JER. Method: Descriptive, transectional. Sample: 36 players (Age: 16,0 ±0,9 years; body mass: 64,4 ±8,7 kg; height: 170,7 ±6,7 cm) belonging to the football CDUC of Chile. Procedure: Measure the workload in possession (4vs4 – 5vs5) and polarized games (4vs4 – 5vs5 + goalkeepers). Rev.int.med.cienc. act. fís. deporte vol. 18 número 71 ISSN: 1577-0354 464 Materials: GPS Sport®, thoracic band receptor heart rate Polar® T31, laptop computer, software AMS Team® R1 2014.10, SPSS®. Conclusions: The type of small-sided game and the age group affect the results shown by players. Possession games with under 16 players showed higher mean values of external and internal workload with significant differences (p=<0,05) in different study variables. In the search for optimizing game performance it is crucial to take into account the particular features of scheduled training tasks and also the characteristics of players at different formative ages.
Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Conical Shell Foundation

Shell foundations have been employed as an alternative for the conventional flat shallow foundations and have proven to provide economical advantage. They have shown considerably improved performance in terms of ultimate capacity and settlement characteristics. However, despite conical shell foundations are frequently used in industry, the theoretical solutions for bearing capacity of these footings are available for only triangular shell strip foundations. The benefits in design aspects can be achieved through theoretical solutions considering shell geometry. The engineering behavior of a conical shell foundation on mixed soils was investigated experimentally and theoretically in this study. The failure mechanism was obtained by conducting laboratory model tests. Based on that, the theoretical solution of bearing capacity was developed and validated with experimental results, in terms of the internal angle of the cone. In comparison to the circular flat foundation, the results show 15% increase of ultimate load and 51% decrease of settlement at an angle of intersection of 120°. Based on the results, the design chart of modified bearing capacity coefficients for conical shell foundation is proposed.
Comparing Wind Data at Local Meteorological Stations and in Forested Areas Using Roughness Length and Topographic Exposure Indices

This study evaluates whether wind data at local meteorological stations can be used for studying wind damage in forested areas. Data from four Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System (AMeDAS) stations and one weather station, located in the northern and southern portions of Hokkaido Island, was compared with wind data collected at flux towers located in the Teshio and Tomakomai regional forests. Anemometers were affixed to the flux towers at a height of 32 m in Teshio and 40 m in Tomakomai; thus, the data was assumed to adequately represent wind conditions in a forested area without vegetation effects. Mean wind speed at the AMeDAS stations and weather station sites was converted to extreme wind speed using roughness length on eight directions. This comparison was based on the storm (October to May) and typhoon (August and September) seasons. Subsequently, a distance-limited topographic exposure index (TOPEX) was calculated for all anemometer positions using 1, 2, 5, and 10 km distances from the position. We found that wind at sites with low TOPEX scores and small roughness length could significantly represent wind conditions in nearby forested areas. Wind speeds with high TOPEX scores but small roughness length occasionally showed correlation with conditions at the flux tower. Although additional study is required, Received September 28, 2009; Accepted December 12, 2009 136 Kamimura, K. & Saito, S. using TOPEX with roughness length could be beneficial for deriving suitable wind data sets that correlate with wind conditions in nearby forested areas.
Lost in Translation? Evaluating the usefulness of machine translation for bag-of-words text models

Automated text analysis allows researchers to analyze large quantities of text. Yet comparativists are presented with a big challenge: across countries people speak different languages. To address this issue, some analysts have suggested to use Google Translate to convert all texts to English before starting the analysis (Lucas et al., 2015). But in doing so, do we get lost in translation? This paper evaluates the usefulness of machine translation for bag-of-words models – such as topic models. We use the europarl dataset and compare term-document matrices as well as topic model results from gold standard translation data and machine-translated data. We evaluate results at both the document and the corpus level. We first find term-document matrices for both sets of data to be highly similar, with significant but minor differences across languages. What is more, we find considerable overlap in the set of features generated from hand-translated and machine-translated texts. With regards to LDA topic models, at both the document and the corpus levels we find topic distributions to be highly similar with only small differences across languages. We conclude that Google Translate can be a useful tool for researchers who use bag-of-words text models to analyze comparative questions.
The Acquisition of French Ambiguous Embedded Structures Introduced by ce que

In (1), we can see that the complementizer que, which introduces a subordinate clause containing a gap, is preceded by the weak demonstrative ce. This structure is perfectly compatible with the analysis in (2), where the subordinate CP is embedded under a DP headed by the demonstrative itself. This is a light headed relative clause (Citko, 2004). As in the case of full headed relative clauses, the complementizer alternates between qui and que for subject and object gaps, respectively (Kayne, 1976). In (2), the gap is in object position, and this explains why que is required. However, the fact that the same sequence ce que can also be used as an indirect question like (3) is somehow unexpected: ce is not a wh-element, at least prima facie. Moreover, verba interrogandi (like Je me demande ‘I wonder’) select for a clause, not for a nominal argument.