Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RESPIRATORY-RELATED LEG MOVEMENTS RELATIVE TO PLM DURING SLEEP

497 Respiratory-Related LM are PLMS—Manconi et al INTRODUCTION Periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) are found in 24-48% of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). 1,2 The current criteria for the scoring of a leg movement (LM) as a PLMS excludes those associated with respiratory events (i.e., respiratory-related leg movement; RRLM). 3,4 The rationale underlying this convention seems to be that RRLM are provoked by respiratory-related arousals, and because of the periodic nature of obstructive respiratory events, they “mimic” PLMS. Thus, they are considered unique from PLMS that occur as part of the phenotypic spectrum of restless legs syndrome (RLS; i.e., “genuine” PLMS). This line of thinking has treatment implications, because the persistence of LMs with continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) treatment has been taken by some to be an indication of insufficient treatment pressure.5 During treatment of sleep related breathing disorders, PLMS may decrease or disappear, persist, or even increase.6,7 The variable response of PLMS to CPAP and the suspected refractoriness of RRLM to dopamine-agonists8 has been interpreted by some to mean that RRLM and PLMS have different pathogenetic mechanisms. RESPIRATORY-RELATED LEG MOVEMENTS RELATIVE TO PLM DURING SLEEP
Peptide Mimotope Can Bind to Two Capsular Polysaccharide of 6B Serotype: A Peptide Mimotopes of Pneumococcal

Two groups of bacteriophage clones displaying the antigenic properties of serotype 6B pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PS) were obtained from different phage libraries expressing random heptameric peptides. One group, biopanned with a mouse mAb (Hyp6BM1), is comprised of 17 phage clones expressing 10 unique sequences of linear peptides. The other group, selected with another mAb (Hyp6BM8), contained six clones, all of which expressed the identical circular peptide. Phage clones expressing the linear peptides (e.g., PhaM1L3) bound only to Hyp6BM1, but not other 6B PS-speciﬁc mAb, and their binding could be inhibited with pneumococcal capsular type 6B PS only. In contrast, a phage clone expressing the circular peptide (PhaM8C1) cross-reacted with several other 6B PS-speciﬁc mAbs, and their binding could be inhibited with pneumococcal capsular PS of 6A and 6B serotypes. Two short peptides, PepM1L3 and PepM8C1, reﬂecting the peptide inserts of the corresponding phage clones, could inhibit the binding of the two clones to their respective mAb. Interestingly, the peptide insert in PhaM8C1 was identical to that in PhaB3C4, a previously reported mimotope of (cid:1) (2 3 8) polysialic acid, Neisseria meningitidis group B PS. Indeed, PhaM8C1 bound to HmenB3 (a meningococcal Ab), and their association could be inhibited with (cid:1) (2–8) polysialic acid, but not with 6B PS. Conversely, (cid:1) (2–8) polysialic acid could not inhibit the binding of PhaM8C1
Tilburg University International price discrimination in the European car market

1 develop an econometric mode! af oligopoly with product differentiation to analyze international price discrimination by manufacturers in the European car market. Existing studies cannot formally identify cross-country differences in the cost of operating in the various countriesfrom differences in markups. My study essentially obtains identification through data on market structure. In a unified framework, three sources of international price discrimination are considered: price e[asticities, import quota regimes and collusion. The data reveal that the,~rst two sources ezplain the high prices in France and Italy. The very high prices in the United Kingdom may follow eitherfrom high operating costs (e.g. due to systematically high dealer rnarkups) or from a high degree of collusion among car manufacturers. An earlier version of this paper was part of my Ph. D. dissertation at the University of Toronto. I benefited from helpful conunents from Steve Berry, Mel Fuss, Nancy Gallini, Penny Goldberg, Shane Greenstein, Arie Kapteyn, Yehuda Kotowitz, Jim Levinsohn, attd Angelo Melino. Many thanks also to the Centrum voor Economische StudiBn az the K.U. I.euven for providing rne with research facílities during part of this study.
JPET #88062 Early and sustained inhibition of Nuclear Factor kappa B prevents hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats

The Renal Service, Hospital Universitario, Universidad del Zulia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED) Maracaibo, Venezuela (BR-I, AF, VV, YQ), the Department of Nephrology, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile (SM) and the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, Irvine California, USA (NDV). JPET Fast Forward. Published on June 10, 2005 as DOI:10.1124/jpet.105. 088062
HIGINBOTHAM AND MIKA-X-RAY EFFECTS ON POTATO TUBER TISSUE

1. HEILBRUNN, L. V. and MAZIA, D. In: Biological Effects of Radiation. B. M. Duggar, Editor. Vol. I: 625-676. McGraw-Hill, New York. 1936. 2. HEVESY, G. Radioactive Indicators. Pp. 242-244. Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York. 1948. 3. LUNDECARDH, H. Mineral nutrition of plants. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 16: 503-528. 1947. 4. MIKA, E. S. Effect of indoleacetic acid on root growth of X-irradiated peas. Bot. Gaz. 113: 285293. 1952. 5. SKOOG, F. The effect of X-irradiation on auxin and plant growth. Jour. Cellular Comp. Physiol. 7: 227-270. 1935. 6. STEWARD, F. C. and HARRISON, J. A. The absorption and accumulation of salts by living plant cells. IX. The absorption of rubidium bromide by potato discs. Ann. Bot. London 3: 427-453. 1939. 7. TING, T. P. and ZIRKLE, R. E. The kinetics of the diffusion of salts into and out of X-irradiated erythrocytes. Jour. Cellular Comp. Physiol. 16: 197-206. 1940. 8. TING, T. P. and ZIRKLE, R. E. Effects of X-rays on the permeability of erythrocytes to water and certain nonelectrolytes. Jour. Cellular Comp. Physiol. 16: 269-276. 1940.
DDDT_A_201249 2437..2457

Mamdouh A Abu-Zaied Samah A Loutfy Ashraf E Hassan Galal H Elgemeie 1Green Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; 2Virology & Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 3Nanotechnology Research Center, British University, Cairo, Egypt; 4Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt Background: A series of novel pyrazolopyrimidine and pyrazololpyridine thioglycosides were synthesized and confirmed via their spectral analyses. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of these anti-metabolic compounds against proliferation of Huh-7 and Mcf-7 as in vitro models of human liver and breast cancers, respectively. Vero cells were used as an example of normal green monkey kidney cells. Methods: The most promising compound was subjected to a nanoformulation by its encapsulation into chitosan nanoparticles to increase its anti-cancerous activity. Nanoformulation was confirmed by TEM and FT-IR to ensure encapsulation and screened for their cytotoxicity against Huh-7 and Mcf-7 cells using MTT colorimetric assay and morphological examination. Genotoxic effect was performed by cellular DNA fragmentation assay. Simulated CompuSyn software (linear interaction effect) was conducted to predict the possible synergistic effect of nanocomposite as anticancerous activity. Apoptotic effect was further analyzed by detection of apoptotic proteins using ELISA assay. Results: The nano preparation was successfully prepared by encapsulation of compound 14 into chitosan nanoparticles, controlled to a size at 105 nm and zeta charges at 40.2 mV. Treatment of Huh-7 and Mcf-7 showed that compound 14 was the most cytotoxic compound on both cancer cell lines where IC50 was 24.59 (9.836 μg/mL) and 12.203 (4.8812 μg/mL) on Huh-7 and Mcf-7 respectively. But IC50 of the nano preparation was 37.19 and 30.68 μg/mL on Huh-7 and Mcf-7, respectively, indicating its aggressiveness on human breast cancer cells as confirmed by DNA fragmentation assay and theoretically by CompuSyn tool. Conclusion:Anovel series of pyrazolopyrimidine thioglycosides and pyrazolopyridine thioglycosideswere synthesized.Nanoformulation of compound 14 into chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated anticancer activity and can be used as a drug delivery system, but further studies are still required.
Release of Adrenal Catecholamines by Angiotensln II By

Several recent investigations have presented indirect evidence that angiotensin stimulates the release of adrenal medullary catecholamines. The following work was undertaken in an attempt to show in vivo angiotensin stimulation of the adrenal medulla by analysis of plasma catecholamines. Mongrel dogs, anesthetized with pentobarbital, were infused for 10 min with doses of 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 fig per kg per min of angiotensin or injected with single doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 fig per kg. Blood samples were taken from the inferior vena cava (above the outflow from the adrenal veins) at the peak of the pressor responses to single doses or during and after the infusions. The samples were fluorometrically analyzed for epinephrine and norepinephrine. It was found that angiotensin produced an increase in circulating catecholamines. Epinephrine was significantly increased by infusions of 0.05 and 0.1 fig per kg per min and all three injected doses. Plasma norepinephrine was significantly increased also except with the 0.5 fig per kg injected dose of angiotensin. Angiotensin infusion of 0.025 fig per kg per min did not cause a detectable change in circulating catecholamine levels. In the infusion experiments, norepinephrine was more transiently increased than epinephrine. These results show that various pressor doses of angiotensin stimulate release of adrenal catecholamines. ADDITIONAL
Effects of acute rho kinase inhibition on chronic hypoxia-induced 7 changes in proximal and distal pulmonary arterial structure and 8 function 9 10 11

6 Effects of acute rho kinase inhibition on chronic hypoxia-induced 7 changes in proximal and distal pulmonary arterial structure and 8 function 9 10 11 Rebecca R. Vanderpool, Ah Ram Kim, Robert Molthen and Naomi C. Chesler 12 13 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 14 53706, 2 Department of Medicine-PCC, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 15 16 17
The promotive effect of a lgal biofertilizers on growth and some metabolic activ ities of Vigna unguiculata L. under salt stress conditions

Nowadays, the demand for production and application of bioferti l izers is greatl y interesting to replace synthetic chemical ferti l izers. Thus, the main objective of this study searching for and exploiting new natural ways to improve plant productivity and achieve environmentally fr iendly agriculture. Bioferti l izers have a great potential to achieve this aim. In the present investigation Ulva compressa and Enteromorpha intestinalis (green algae), Sargassum muticum and Cystoseira amentacea (brown algae) and an inorganic ferti l izer(NPK) were studied separately to investigate their effects on growth, photosynthetic pigments, protein, proline contents and activities of some antioxidant enzymes of Vigna unguiculata p lants exposed to different levels of NaCl. Notably, al l investigated algal bioferti l izers markedly increased the measured growth parameters, total pigments , protein, proline contents and some antioxidant enzymes activities as SOD and CAT in stressed Vigna unguiculata compared wi th those of the unferti l ized plants. Furthermore, the highest stimulatory effects were assayed in green algae treated plants . Consequently, application of the algal bioferti l izers particularl y green algae favor Vigna unguiculata salt stress tolerance.
TOMOGRAPHY WITH OBJECTIVE OPTICAL RESIN CONSISTENCY DIABETES-FREE ANGEIOGRAPHY OF PATIENTS RETINOPATHERATHY

Aim: Choriocapillaris between test subjects and diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy, even for viewing visual lucidity tomography angiographic borders in the retina. Links between OCT angiography limits, retinal borders of structure and fundamental characteristics were concentrated in all subjects. Methods: For the inquiry, 68 patients were recalled: the subjects monitored (n1⁄4 34) and NDR patients (n1⁄4 28). The angiographic limits of optical rationalism were as follows: the vessel's (percent) thickness (in shallow, deep retinal plexus and choriocapillaris) and a vessel's FAZ (Avascular Area) territory (mm2). The measurement was used for the assessment of vessel thickness and FAZ territories (no flow area device) in split-range angiographic decorrelations. Our current research was conducted at Services Hospital, Lahore from March 2019 to February 2020. OCT has been used to determine the thickness and volume of Para Fovea 's full, interior and external retinal space. Results. Vessel densities in NDR (45.36% 7 14.32% and 32.04% 6 17.34%) were reduced as compared to control subjects (51.39% 6 13.05%), P 1/40.04% and 42.54% 6 15.09% (P < 0.02%), respectively, respectively, with low and low retina. The avascular region of the fovea was more notable than controls in patients with shallow NDR retina (0.37 6 0.11 mm) (0.31 6 0.10mm2, P 1⁄4 0.02). Shallow vessel thickness mostly related to total retinal thickness (r 1⁄4 0.45, P 1⁄4 0.01, r 1 ⁄4 0.45, P 1⁄4 0.04) and the frequency external in the Para-fovea (r 1/2 0.36, P < 0.06) sound artifacts. In NDR (R 1⁄4 0.46, P 1⁄4 0.03; r 1⁄4 0.47, P 1⁄4 0.001) Systolic pulse and visual impurity stresses, fundamentally associated with deep vessel thickness, but in controls not at all. Conclusion: In diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy the thickness of a deep retinal vessel in par fovea is reduced relative to sound subjects. both are decreased. The relation between vessel thickness and the thickness of the retinal tissue and the clinical characteristics of subjects differs among solid subjects and NDR patients.
Cloning, Sequencing, and Localization of Bovine Estrogen Receptor-b within the Ovarian Follicle1

The potential role of estrogen receptor-b (ERb) in normal ovarian folliculogenesis and in reproductive disorders such as ovarian follicular cysts has not been well defined. Therefore, we were interested in cloning, sequencing, and localizing ERb mRNA and protein within the bovine ovary. Bovine ERb (bERb) was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), then cloned and sequenced. Results showed that the open reading frame of bERb cDNA spanned 1584 nucleotides encoding a protein of 527 amino acids. The N-terminal region of bERb was found to be 80% homologous to human and mouse ERb and 79% homologous to rat ERb. Bovine ERb DNAbinding domain was 100% homologous to human, mouse, and rat ERb sequences. The C-terminal/ligand-binding domain of bERb was 89% homologous to human, 86% homologous to mouse, and 88% homologous to rat ERb. Human and bovine ERb amino acid sequences are similar in that their coding region extended farther 59 than initially reported for the published rat ERb sequence. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, ERb mRNA and protein, respectively, were demonstrated to be present in granulosa cells of antral follicles in various stages of follicular growth. These findings suggest a role for bERb in ovarian follicular growth and maturation.
COPD_A_264889 2289..2295

1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei 441300, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei 441300, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anesthesiology, Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Geriatrics, Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, People’s Republic of China Background: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is associated with vascularrelated inflammation and atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether VCAM-1 can be used for an indication of increased risk of CV events in patients with COPD. Methods: Serum VCAM-1 levels were measured in 163 COPD patients. All COPD patients were prospectively followed up for a median period of 48 months (range=3–54). Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum VCAM-1 for predicting CV events. Results: Serum VCAM-1 levels were higher in COPD patients with CV events than in those without CV events (1174.4±365.3 ng/mL vs 947.8±293.2 ng/mL; P<0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that serum VCAM-1 (OR=1.750; 95% CI, 1.324–2.428; Ptrend=0.0012) was independently associated with CVD (cardiovascular disease) history after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, current smoker, current drinker, admission systolic and diastolic BP, LVEF and laboratory measurements in patients with COPD at baseline. The Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that the rate of CV events was higher in COPD patients with serum VCAM-1 levels above the median (517.3 ng/mL) than in those with VCAM-1 levels below the median. The Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that serum VCAM-1 (HR=2.617; 95% CI, 1.673–5.328; Ptrend<0.001) may be an independent prognostic factor for CV events in the COPD patients. Conclusion: Our results suggested that serum VCAM-1 was significantly and independently associated with CV events in COPD patients. The inflammatory marker may help clinicians predict CV complications early.
ReversibleInhibitionby Retinoidsof 3-Methylcholanthrene-inducedNeoplastic Transformationin C3H/1OT% Clone 8 Cells1

hyperplastic and metaplastic changes induced in culture by chemical carcinogens, and a recent paper, published after completion of this study, has shown that a synthetic retinoid will partially inhibit X-ray-induced neoplastic transformation in the i 0TÂ1⁄23cell line (i 9). Retinoids have also been shown to inhibit the development of virally induced tumors in vivo (26, 43). In light of the experimental evidence that the retinoids possess chemopreventive activity, clinical trials have been proposed to evaluate the role of 13-cis-retinoic acid as a chemopreventive agent in humans (i). In order to exploitretinoidsfullyas chemopreventiveagents, it is clear that reliable, quantitative, and preferably rapid sys tems be developedin whichto investigatetheir modeof action and the activity of new analogs. We thus have investigated whether retinoids possess activity as chemopreventive agents against chemically induced neoplastic transformation in the
Continuity of Instruction, Cognitive Load, and the Middle Years Slump

Mary Katherine Watson is currently an Associate Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at The Citadel. She holds BS and MS degrees in Biosystems Engineering from Clemson University and a PhD in Environmental Engineering from The Georgia Institute of Technology. She enjoys, and has invested significantly, in the development of her undergraduate students, serving as past faculty advisor for numerous student groups. Dr. Watson is passionate about improving access to engineering education and serves as the faculty director for a scholarship program to recruit and support high-performing, lowincome civil engineering students. Dr. Watson is also interested in understanding and assessing students’ cognitive processes, especially development of cognitive flexibility and interactions with cognitive load. Dr. Watson is the proud recipient of seven teaching awards and six best paper awards. She was previously named the Young Civil Engineer of the Year by the South Carolina Section of ASCE and currently serves as a Senior Associate Editor for the Journal of Civil Engineering Education.
ALUNG September 21/3

NICHOLAS W. MORRELL,1 PAUL D. UPTON,1 SAILESH KOTECHA,2 ALYSON HUNTLEY,2 MAGDI H. YACOUB,3 JULIA M. POLAK,4 AND JOHN WHARTON4 1Section on Clinical Pharmacology and 4Department of Histochemistry, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN; 3Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex UB9 6JH; and 2Department of Child Health, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Leicester LE2 7LX, United Kingdom
Does It Contribute to Poverty Reduction?

To stimulate rural development and reduce poverty in rural areas, The Government of Indonesia enacted the policy of Village Fund in 2014. However, a few studies have been conducted to examine this program. This study describes how poverty alleviation goes following Village Fund Program in Indonesia between 20152019. The poverty reduction was represented by holistic data, including insufficient and village status improvement through the Village Development Index (VDI). The analysis is conducted using a descriptive method by dividing the areas into six regions, Sumatera, Java & Bali, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku & NT, and Papua. The result showed that over five years, the village fund dramatically increases. Moreover, this growth is along with the slight decline the poverty. The researchers found that the decreasing number of poverty from 2015 to 2019 is about 15%. The VDI status for districts/municipalities shows that the status improved from underdeveloped villages in 2015 to developing villages in 2019. Java is the region that contributed to making the status improved either to be developing, developed, or independent. At the same time, it is the Papua region known as the region consisting of most of the least underdeveloped villages. Since the goal of this policy in poverty reduction still works slowly, it needs a lot of effort from many levels of government, from the village, regional, and national officials, to work together cooperatively.
A two-dimensional depth-averaged µ ( I ) -rheology for dense granular avalanches

Steady uniform granular chute ﬂows are common in industry and provide an important test case for new theoretical models. This paper introduces depth-integrated viscous terms into the momentum-balance equations by extending the recent depth-averaged µ( I ) -rheology for dense granular ﬂows to two spatial dimensions, using the principle of material frame indifference or objectivity. Scaling the cross-slope coordinate on the width of the channel and the velocity on the one-dimensional steady uniform solution, we show that the steady two-dimensional downslope velocity proﬁle is independent of scale. The only controlling parameters are the channel aspect ratio, the slope inclination angle and the frictional properties of the chute and the sidewalls. Solutions are constructed for both no-slip conditions and for a constant Coulomb friction at the walls. For narrow chutes, a pronounced parabolic-like depth-averaged downstream velocity proﬁle develops. However, for very wide channels, the ﬂow is almost uniform with narrow boundary layers close to the sidewalls. Both of these cases are in direct contrast to conventional inviscid avalanche models, which do not develop a cross-slope proﬁle. Steady-state numerical solutions to the full three-dimensional µ( I ) -rheology are computed using the ﬁnite element method. It is shown that these solutions are also independent of scale. For sufﬁciently shallow channels, the depth-averaged velocity proﬁle computed from the full solution is in excellent agreement with the results of the depth-averaged theory. The full downstream velocity can be reconstructed from the depth-averaged theory by assuming a Bagnold-like velocity proﬁle with depth. For wide chutes, this is very close to the results of the full three-dimensional calculation. For experimental validation, a laser proﬁlometer and balance are used to determine the relationship between the total mass ﬂux in the chute and the ﬂow thickness for a range of slope angles and channel widths, and particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to record the corresponding surface velocity proﬁles. The measured values are in good quantitative agreement with reconstructed solutions to the new depth-averaged theory.