Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Timing single fixed-time inseminations in ewes: Some new concepts

The mean interval from the end of synchrony treatment to the onset of oestrus can be highly variable and as a consequence ‘single-time’ inseminations may occur at other than optimal times. This study was undertaken to identify some of the factors influencing the interval to oestrus following synchrony treatment, and to develop aspreadsheet model to assist with determining the timing of All in ewes under a range of oestrous onset patterns. Synchrony device, PMSG, time of year, and live weight tended to have important effects on the interval to oestrus. Ewe genotype and year effects were generally small. Three new concepts have arisen from the modelling exercise. Firstly, the actual timing of AI to achieve near maximum fertility depends on the mean interval to oestrus in a given flock, but not the precision of synchrony or the incidence ofewes that are synchronised. Secondly, the ‘tolerance’ about this optimum time of insemination depends on how much is known about the mean interval to onset (more information means more tolerance). Thirdly, the ‘tolerance’ about this optimum time of insemination depends on the maximum reduction in flock pregnancy rate that is acceptable to the flock owner (higher reduction means more tolerance). If the onset pattern in a particular flock is unknown, the ‘universal’ timing for a single fixed-time AI during the breeding season is 42-46 h after UDR@ removal, provided a drop in flock pregnancy rate of up to 5% is acceptable.
Reclassification of Bacteria of the Genus Protomonas Urakami and Komagata 1984 in the Genus Methylobacterium (Patt, Cole, and Hanson) Emend. Green and Bousfield 1983

The genus Protomonas was proposed to accommodate certain bacteria previously classified in the validly published genus Methylobacterium. No evidence was presented to support the exclusion of these bacteria from the latter genus. Therefore, we propose that bacteria of the genus Protomonas be reclassified in the genus Methylobacterium.
Can the weak surface currents of the Cape Verde frontal zone be measured with altimetry

Three data types are compared in the low-current-velocity regime in the southeastern North Atlantic, between 12-degrees-N and 30-degrees-N, 29-degrees-W and 18-degrees-W: Geosat altimetric sea level and derived surface geostrophic velocities, shallow current meter velocities, and dynamic heights derived from hydrographic data from cruises 4, 6, and 9 of the research vessel Meteor. The four current meter daily time series, at depths around 200 m, were smoothed over 1 month; the altimetric geostrophic velocities were computed from sea surface slopes over 142 km every 17 days. The correlation coefficients between the current meter and altimetric geostrophic velocities range between 0.64 and 0.90 for the moorings near 29-degrees-N but between 0.32 and 0.71 for the two around 21-degrees-N; the associated rms discrepancies between the two measurement types range between 1.5 and 4.4 cm/s, which is 49% to 127% of the rms of the respective current meter time series. Dynamic heights relative to 1950 dbar for the months of November 1986 (d(M4)), November 1987 (d(M6)), and February 1989 (d(M9)) were computed from Meteor cruises 4, 6, and 9. Both dynamic heights and altimetric heights (h(M4), h(M6), h(M9)) were averaged over 1-degrees boxes for the duration of each cruise. Differences d(M4) - d(M6) and d(M9) - d(M6) were computed only at bins where at least one station from both cruises existed, Assuming that dynamic heights d in dynamic centimeters are equivalent to sea level h in centimeters, the standard deviation sigma of the differences ((h(M4) - h(M6)) - (d(M4) - d(M6))) and corresponding M9 - M6 values was 2.1 cm. This value (squared) is only 13% of the (5.8 cm)2 variance of the dynamic height differences and is indistinguishable from the 2.7- to 5.6-cm natural variability of sea level in the area expected between the times when the ship and the satellite sampled the ocean. The areally averaged discrepancy for M9 - M6 was only 0.7 cm, but the corresponding value for M4 - M6 was 5.2 cm. A systematic difference between the water vapor corrections used before and after July 1987 is responsible for the M4 - M6 difference. The average M4 - M6 discrepancy is only 0.1 cm using the Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center correction, with a standard deviation of 3.1 cm. In spite of the underlying differences in sampling and physics, including unknown barotropic components not included in our hydrographic dynamic heights, and in data errors, including water vapor, ionospheric, and orbital effects on the altimetry, consistent interannual changes of the mean sea level from the independently obtained altimetric and hydrographic data sets are obtained, and correlated seasonal changes in surface currents are observed with both altimetry and current meters.
Subjectivity in bio-logging science: do logged data mislead?

Logging of data using animal-attached archival units (bio-logging) involves potential sources of subjectivity that are reviewed in the present paper. Subjectivity may be the result of technical limitations of which the selection of the correct sampling frequency is particularly critical. Mistakes or aberrant data can also result from transitory defaults in the loggers functioning. Similarly, the use of purpose-written software to pre-process logged data before analysis is another step during which substantial modification of the raw data can occur. Apart from technical limitations, bio-logging devices are also known to modify the behaviour of the animal studied. Finally, arbitrary conclusions can eventually be drawn out from the 'visual' analysis of logged-data. The second part of this review proposes a non- exhaustive list of precautions so as to enhance objectivity in bio-logging approach. Among these precautions, assessment of the impact that data-logger may have on the animal, appro- priate calibrations (for example for transformation of the raw measurements into useable variables) and multi-data sampling are useful steps in bio-logging utilization.
Expected Number Counts of Radio Galaxy Clusters

Clusters of galaxies may contain radio sources if they still experience successive mergers at present. This has been confirmed by radio observations that about 30% of nearby clusters possess radio halos. We present a theoretical prediction of radio cluster counts using a semi-analytic approach which incorporates the empirical correlation between radio power and dynamical mass of clusters, and the cluster mass function described by the Press-Schechter formalism. The total population of radio clusters over the whole sky and their redshift distribution are given.
A Framework for Fast and Efficient Neural Network Compression

Network compression reduces the computational complexity and memory consumption of deep neural networks by reducing the number of parameters. In SVD-based network compression, the right rank needs to be decided for every layer of the network. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for obtaining the rank configuration of the whole network. Unlike previous methods which consider each layer separately, our method considers the whole network to choose the right rank configuration. We propose novel accuracy metrics to represent the accuracy and complexity relationship for a given neural network. We use these metrics in a non-iterative fashion to obtain the right rank configuration which satisfies the constraints on FLOPs and memory while maintaining sufficient accuracy. Experiments show that our method provides better compromise between accuracy and computational complexity/memory consumption while performing compression at much higher speed. For VGG-16 our network can reduce the FLOPs by 25% and improve accuracy by 0.7% compared to the baseline, while requiring only 3 minutes on a CPU to search for the right rank configuration. Previously, similar results were achieved in 4 hours with 8 GPUs. The proposed method can be used for lossless compression of neural network as well. The better accuracy and complexity compromise, as well as the extremely fast speed of our method makes it suitable for neural network compression.
Water service delivery challenges in a small South African municipality: Identifying and exploring key elements and relationships in a complex social-ecological system

South Africa is a developing country undergoing social and ecological transformation. Water service delivery (i) exemplifies the challenge of improvement and transformation towards a more socially and ecologically just situation, and (ii) can usefully be viewed as a complex social-ecological system (C-SES) in the search for ‘just transitions’. Household water security problems associated with water service delivery in South Africa are recognisably intractable, multi-scaled, comprising many actors and elements and having no single solution. There is a global and South African trend towards systemic approaches to addressing such complex water challenges. However, the steps required to take a systemic approach are seldom explicit. This paper presents the analytical process of defining boundaries, identifying elements and exploring relationships between elements as the foundational step in a study of the Makana Local Municipality water service delivery C-SES in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The resulting narrative and heuristics provide a clear systemic basis from which to research the emergence, practice and social learning process of a civil society organisation (Water for Dignity) seeking to confront water service delivery issues in the Makana Local Municipality. Keywords: complex adaptive systems, systems inquiry, household water service delivery, civil society organisation
Are Learning Styles Relevant To Virtual Reality?

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effects of a virtual reality (VR)-based learning environment on learners with different learning styles. The findings of the aptitude-by-treatment interaction study have shown that learners benefit most from the VR (guided exploration) mode, irrespective of their learning styles. This shows that the VR-based environment offers promise in accommodating individual differences in terms of learning style. In addition, the significant positive effect of the VR (guided exploration) mode—which provides additional navigational aids—over the VR (non-guided exploration) mode—which does not provide additional navigational aids—also implies the importance of providing VR-based learning environments with proper instructional design to achieve the desired educational outcomes.
Investigating news framing: a comparative study of media coverage on contemporary education issues in Malaysia

This study examines how the Malay and Chinese language newspapers in Malaysia portray the issue of Teaching and Learning Science and Mathematics in English. Comparison was made between the two different language newspapers particularly in terms of framing by analyzing their coverage on two major incidents related to the issue – rally against the policy of Teaching and Learning Science and Mathematics in English (PPSMI), and the announcement of the Upholding the Malay Language, Strengthening Command of English policy (MBMMBI). This study uses the five generic frames developed by Semetko & Valkenburg (2000) as the basis of comparison. The five frames are responsibility, conflict, moral, economic consequences and human interest frame. The results suggest a congruency in the two different language newspapers reporting, which mainly emphasize the ‘conflict’ nature of the issue. However, a major difference in frame choice observed between the Malay and Chinese language newspapers in their reports of MBMMBI. While the prior significantly reduced the intensity of conflict frame in its reports on MBMMBI as compared to PPSMI, the latter maintain the same level of intensity for both the events.
Confocal laser microscopy analysis of resin infiltration in fluorotic teeth

Objetivo: La infiltracion con resina es una innovadora tecnica microinvasiva, donde los tejidos duros son preservados, que ha sido usada para tratar estadios medios de caries. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar con microscopio laser confocal la tecnica indirecta de tincion en dientes con diferentes grados de fluorosis. Metodos: Veinticuatro molares y premolares humanos con fluorosis fueron infiltrados y fotocurados. Los especimenes fueron preparados y las lesiones (FDmax), asi como la profundidad de penetracion fueron analizadas usando el metodo de fluorescencia dual en el microscopio laser confocal. Resultados: El porcentaje de penetracion fue significativamente mayor en dientes con fluorosis leve y muy leve, a diferencia de los especimenes con fluorosis moderada y grupo control en los que el porcentaje de penetracion fue significativamente menor (p 0,05, test de Bonferroni). Conclusion: Se puede concluir que la penetracion de la resina en dientes con fluorosis leve y muy leve es mayor que en los dientes con lesiones moderadas.
DECISION MAKING BY EXTRACTING SOFT INFORMATION FROM CSR NEWS REPORT

This study examines the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) news reports on corporate operating performance forecasting using a large database of publicly-listed electronics firms in Taiwan. Applying text mining techniques and latent topic modelling, we construct and measure the intensity of the CSR-corpus index (ICSRI), which can compress tremendous amounts of CSR textual information content into synthesized meaningful dimensions. By doing so, we are able to break down CSR news reports into multiple dimensions and then examine which dimension(s) affects operating performance. To offer decision-makers with a comprehensive, overarching view of the corporate’s operations, this study incorporates balanced scorecards (BSC) and multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to form a final performance rank. The proposed approach, supported by real samples, can assist both internal and external stakeholders in allocating scarce resources to specific CSR dimensions to enhance a corporate’s growth potential as well as to achieve a win-win situation.
9 Internal Waves and Small-Scale Processes

Gravity waves in the ocean's interior are as common as waves at the sea surface-perhaps even more so, for no one has ever reported an interior calm. Typical scales for the internal waves are kilometers and hours. Amplitudes are remarkably large, of the order of 10 meters, and for that reason internal waves are not difficult to observe; in fact they are hard not to observe in any kind of systematic measurements conducted over the appropriate space-time scales. They show up also where they are not wanted: as shortperiod fluctuations in the vertical structure of temperature and salinity in intermittent hydrocasts. I believe that Nansen (1902) was the first to report such fluctuations;l they were subsequently observed on major expeditions of the early nineteen hundreds: the Michael Sars expedition in 1910, the Meteor expeditions in 1927 and 1938, and the Snellius expedition in 1929-1930. [A comprehensive account is given in chapter 16 of Defant (1961a)]. In all of these observations the internal waves constitute an undersampled small-scale noise that is then "aliased" into the larger spacetime scales that are the principal concern of classical oceanography. From the very beginning, the fluctuations in the hydrocast profiles were properly attributed to internal waves. The earliest theory had preceded the observations by half a century. Stokes (1847) treated internal waves at the interface between a light fluid overlaying a heavy fluid, a somewhat minor extension of the theory of surface waves. The important extension to the case of a vertical mode structure in continuously stratified fluids goes back to Rayleigh (1883). But the discreteness in the vertical sampling by hydrocasts led to an interpretation in terms of just the few gravest modes, with the number of such modes increasing with the number of sample depths (giving j equations in j unknowns). And the discreteness in sampling time led to an interpretation in terms of just a few discrete frequencies, with emphasis on tidal frequencies. The development of the bathythermograph in 1940 made it possible to repeat soundings at close intervals. Ufford (1947) employed three vessels from which bathythermograph lowerings were made at 2-minute intervals! In 1954, Stommel commenced three years of temperature observations offshore from Castle Harbor, Bermuda, initially at half-hour intervals, later at 5-minute intervals. 2 Starting in 1959, time series of isotherm depths were obtained at the Navy Electronics Laboratory (NEL) oceanographic tower off Mission Beach, California, using isotherm followers (Lafond, 1961) installed in a 200-m triangle (Cox, 1962). By this time oceanographers had become familiar with the concepts of continuous spectra (long before
Intervention Practices in Adult Literacy Education for Adults with Learning Disabilities.

Adult literacy education is increasingly focused on preparing adults with literacy skills for the world of work. Assumptions about how this goal is being met should be made with caution, given that adult education also serves other goals, adult educators have diverse training, and many adult students are presumed to have learning disabilities (LD) and histories of not benefiting from literacy interventions. Adult educators from around the nation were surveyed on what literacy areas they address and what interventions and materials they use for adults with LD. Analyses of the responses indicate trends in the nature of interventions used.
A Study of an Intelligence Analysis Team and their Collaborative Artifacts

We conducted a field study of a team of collaborating professional intelligence analysts engaged in a simulated activity in their workplace. We investigated the collaborative nature of the event and how they used artifacts (flipcharts, paper, posters, post-its, projected images, computer displays and representations) to support collaboration. Using activity theory, we analyzed our notes of their collaborative behaviors, our chats with analysts, and photos of artifacts in their context use. We found the collaborative nature of the analysts’ activity had a distinct pattern; in earlier stages it is stronger, and later on weaker, and more between analysts and developer-analysts than between analysts. We identify issues in the analyst’s current use of artifacts, and identify potential areas where collaboration could be strengthened through technologies that are new to practitioners in the domain, such as large interactive surfaces. Based on our findings we suggest new research directions for the field.
On slow light as a black hole analogue

Although slow light (electromagnetically induced transparency) would seem an ideal medium in which to institute a ``dumb hole'' (black hole analogue), it suffers from a number of problems. We show that the high phase velocity in the slow light regime ensures that the system cannot be used as an analogue displaying Hawking radiation. Even though an appropriately designed slow-light setup may simulate classical features of black holes\char22{}such as horizon, mode mixing, ``Bogoliubov'' coefficients, etc.\char22{}it does not reproduce the related quantum effects.
Validation and Confirmation of Non-Stationary Models with the Ventersdorp Reef Data

Validation criteria for non-stationary parameters and the models generated using them within a locallystationary framework are presented and discussed. A smooth and unbiased adaptation of the local parameters to the variations informed by data values is important. The criteria for simulated models are the reproduction of the input data and the input models of spatial continuity. These validity criteria for parameters and numerical models are illustrated with the help of a sparse data set that mimics samples taken from drillholes interception the Ventersdrop Contact Reef. A denser data set is used for confirming the initial local models of spatial continuity and the realizations generated using them. Local data scarcity and short scale variations of the spatial distribution appear to be the main difficulties in the confirmation of the initial local variogram models. Simulated models satisfy minimum validity criteria, such as the reproduction of the global histogram and the local spatial continuity informed by location-dependent variogram models. The confirmation of the distributions of uncertainty indicate that the realizations produced by locally stationary indicator simulation may yield to a fairer uncertainty than those produced by standard indicator simulation.
In vivo wound healing effect of water extract of Stereospermum kunthianum Cham. stem bark

The epidermis, the dermis of the skin normally exists in steady state equilibrium to form a protective barrier of internal organs against entry of infectious or other noxious agents from the environment. Any damage to the skin layers initiates a complex biochemical response that leads to tissue repair or wound healing. This process is characterized by dynamic, interactive events described in three phases: Inflammation, proliferation remodeling (Singer and Clark, 1999). As a natural response, wound healing is a result in any loss of continuity in the skin or any body tissue, following trauma, infection, or pathological process (Martin, 2013). Due to simplicity in the measurement of wound healing responses, the excision and incision skin-wound healing models in rodents are by far the most convenient reliable methods of study for potential new therapeutic agents. Hence, a number of plant extracts from folk medicine have been used to demonstrate some promise using these experimental models. Medicinal plants have also generated much interest in recent studies for treating skin ailments, as they are affordable, purportedly safe due to less hypersensitivity reactions (Raina et al., 2008). Stereospermum kunthianum (Cham, Srine Petit), belonging to family Bignoniaceae (Juss. nom. Cons.), also referred to as pink jacara in English, is a deciduous tree found in dry tropical areas. In the Far North Region of Cameroon, fresh stem bark, mixed with latex is used locally as a cataplasm to treat wounds by the first intention. Among its traditional medical uses, it was reported that a bark-preparation is applied in some African regions on wounds, ulcers in the treatment of various inflammatory conditions (Burkill, 2009). Ching and Omogbai (2010) did not report overt acute or subacute marked adverse effects following oral administration of the extract to rats. The efficacy of the water extract of SK in human complement system fixation in vitro has previously been reported (Drissa et al., 2002). The antiplasmodial activities of naphthoquinones and one anthraquinone from the lipophilic root bark extract were also reported (Onegi et al., 2002). Anti-diarrheal analgesic activities of stem bark (Burkill, 2009) were also investigated. No research has ever done however to validate the traditional use of SK for treating wound. In vivo wound healing effect of water extract of Stereospermum kunthianum Cham. stem bark