Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS g : Artifact or Reality ?

The highest common factor in any large and diverse collection of mental tests is measured by means of factor analysis, and is conventionally labeled psychometric g (for general ability). The g factor, which is highly correlated across even quite different batteries of tests, provided the tests are fairly numerous and varied, reflects the empirical fact of positive manifold, that is, positive correlations between all mental tests. After briefly explicating the genera) psychometric conditions and factor analytic methods for the measurement of g, this article addresses the theoretically important question of whether g is merely an artifact of the method of constructing psychometric tests and the mathematical operations of factor analysis or whether it has an authentic claim to represent some natural phenomenon that exists independently of psychometrics and factor analysis. Several lines of evidence which refute the argument that g is a methodological artifact are presented. The g factor, far more than any other linearly independent sources of variance in psychometric tests, is correlated with various phenomena that are wholly independent of both psychometrics and factor analysis, such as the heritability of test scores, familial correlations, the effects of inbreeding depression and of hybrid vigor, evoked electrical potentials of the brain, and reaction times to elementary cognitive tasks which have virtually no intellectual content. This evidence of biological correlates of g supports the theory that g is not a methodological artifact but is, indeed, a fact of nature. However, the causal nature of g itself is not yet scientifically established. That goal must await further advances in neuroscience. Q 1986 Academic press, IIK.
All Simulations Are Not Equal: Simulation Reweighing for Imperfect Information Games

Imperfect information games are challenging benchmarks for artificial intelligent systems. To reason and plan under uncertainty is a key towards general AI. Traditionally, large amounts of simulations are used in imperfect information games, and they sometimes perform sub-optimally due to large state and action spaces. In this work, we propose a simulation reweighing mechanism using neural networks. It performs backwards verification to public previous actions and assign proper belief weights to the simulations from the information set of the current observation, using an incomplete state solver network (ISSN). We use simulation reweighing in the playing phase of the game contract bridge, and show that it outperforms previous state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulation based methods, and achieves better play per decision.
The Association between Time to Positivity and Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia in a Geriatric Population

Background: Time to Positivity (TTP) of blood cultures is defined as the time elapsed between the start of incubation and the automated alert signal indicating growth in the culture bottle. This study evaluates the TTP of blood cultures in patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia (SAB) and assesses the relationship between TTP and mortality, Methods: We performed a retrospective study involving adults who had SAB between May 2007 and May 2010 in a tertiary hospital. TTP was defined as the time between onset of incubation and growth detection using an automated blood culture system. Results: A total of 167 SAB were evaluated. Patient’s median age was 72 years (range, 18-95 years). The median TTP was 13.6 h (range, 3.6-95.2 h). Attributable mortality rate (27.5%) was not related to the TTP (P=0.558) nor to the comorbidities. Age >60 years was the only independent predictor of attributable mortality (P 11.3 h had a negative predictive value of 96.4% for endocarditis. TTP was not related to methicillin susceptibility nor resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (P=0.934). Conclusion: In our elderly population, shorter TTP was significantly associated with a central source of infection and a persistent SAB. In addition for the first time, community-acquired SAB was associated with a shorter TTP. TTP may contribute to a better management of SAB by facilitating clinical decisions, especially in endocarditis
Multiple Robots for Multiple Children: Co-Designing Movement for Robots with Personality

The major contribution of this research is to present a co-design study with groups of children about creating movement for robots. Results show that according to the personality trait of the robot (extraversion, openness to experience and agreeableness), children represent movement differently. By having used the Effort System from Laban Movement Analysis to code the movements performed by children, we envision to create groups of robots with movements associated with their respective personality trait. This study is part of a larger project entitled THE ROBOT–CREATIVITY PROJECT whose goal is to create multiple robots for multiple children in order to boost their creativity while performing playful activities. We aim to build robots with different personalities based on the findings from this research, to create robots that enhance creativity in children using different strategies according to their personality.
Local Editing of Cross-Surface Mappings with Iterative Least Squares Conformal Maps

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to improve a given surface mapping through local refinement. The approach receives an established mapping between two surfaces and follows four phases: (i) inspection of the mapping and creation of a sparse set of landmarks in mismatching regions; (ii) segmentation with a low-distortion region-growing process based on flattening the segmented parts; (iii) optimization of the deformation of segmented parts to align the landmarks in the planar parameterization domain; and (iv) aggregation of the mappings from segments to update the surface mapping. In addition, we propose a new approach to deform the mesh in order to meet constraints (in our case, the landmark alignment of phase (iii)). We incrementally adjust the cotangent weights for the constraints and apply the deformation in a fashion that guarantees that the deformed mesh will be free of flipped faces and will have low conformal distortion. Our new deformation approach, Iterative Least Squares Conformal Mapping (ILSCM), outperforms other low-distortion deformation methods. The approach is general, and we tested it by improving the mappings from different existing surface mapping methods. We also tested its effectiveness by editing the mappings for a variety of 3D objects.
News Text Classification Based on an Improved Convolutional Neural Network

: With the explosive growth in Internet news media and the disorganized status of news texts, this paper puts forward an automatic classification model for news based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In the model, Word2vec is firstly merged with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to generate an effective text feature representation. Then when an attention mechanism is combined with the proposed model, higher attention probability values are given to key features to achieve an accurate judgment. The results show that the precision rate, the recall rate and the F1 value of the model in this paper reach 96.4%, 95.9% and 96.2% respectively, which indicates that the improved CNN, through a unique framework, can extract deep semantic features of the text and provide a strong support for establishing an efficient and accurate news text classification model.
EVALUATION OF GRAPE STALKS AS A FEEDSTOCK FOR PELLETS PRODUCTION

Grape stalks are the massive by-product of winemaking composed essentially of cellulose (ca 30%), hemicelluloses (ca 20%), lignin (ca 18%), tannins (ca 16%) and proteins (ca 6%) and could be an interesting source of solid biomass for energy needs. Among others agriculture residues (e.g. wheat straw or corncobs), grape stalks contain the relatively low ash content (2.90%), which is, however, ten times higher than in softwoods (e.g. spruce or pine). In this work grape stalks were evaluated for the first time as a pelletized solid fuel and compared with those produced from softwood. It was found that the specific energy consumption for pelletizing of grape stalks was approximately 25% lower when compared to that for softwood sawdust. The bulk density of produced grape stalks pellets (670 kg/m 3 ) was similar to that of pellets produced from softwoods (660 kg/m 3 ), whereas the particle density was slightly higher for grape stalks than for softwood pellets (1129 against 1098 Kg/m 3 ). The durability of pellets from grape stalks and softwood was practically the same: 95.8% and 95.6%, respectively. The grape stalks’ higher heating value was of 16.7 MJ/kg, which is slightly lower than that obtained for softwood (18.2 MJ/Kg).
Mechanism of vitamin B6 effects on hippocampal neurogenesis

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, acts as a cofactor in more than 160 biochemical reactions. PLP (Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate) is the active form of vitamin B6 and is involved in the synthesis of several neurotransmitters including serotonin (5hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and GABA. In the central nervous system (CNS), the requirement of pyridoxine is 100-fold more than in the other organs. Vitamin B6 deficiency affects brain functions by negatively regulating the synthesis of neurotransmitters and may be associated with neurological disorders such as Parkinson disease, depression, etc. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pyridoxine on hippocampal
The Expectation Maximization (EM) Algorithm Applied to the MI-SBTVD Channel Estimation

In this paper we present results concerning the use of the EM algorithm as an improvement of the original MISBTVD channel estimation process. This original channel estimation is employed to initialize the EM refinement algorithm, which iterates with the space-time decoding to get an estimate of the channel frequency response. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the performance of the channel estimation process and of the overall system. It also reveals that it is possible to increase the system throughput by reducing the usage of redundant OFDM pilot sub-carriers.
Channel Capacity Estimation for a Multi-Carrier Code-Division Multiple Access System ♦

This paper presents some results concerning the investigation of the Shannon channel capacity for a MultiCarrier, Direct-Sequence, Code-Division Multiple Access (MCDS-CDMA) system operating in a multi-path, frequency-selective, Rayleigh-fading channel. The channel capacity estimation uses a Monte Carlo technique. The results reveal that, for the considered system, it is preferable to explore the maximum order of diversity instead of the maximum parallelism of the data stream. The results also indicate that one possible solution for a channel coding scheme to be used along with the system is a concatenation of a powerful low-rate outer code with the inherent inner repetition code of the system.
The Myth of the Gray Area in Rape: Fabricating Ambiguity and Deniability

Sexual violence is a pervasive issue identified on post-secondary campuses. Existing research focuses almost exclusively on an American context and quantitatively explores the frequency with which sexual assault occurs on campuses. As men are overrepresented as perpetrators, it is necessary to investigate their perspectives on the issue. The present study qualitatively examines the perspectives of white, heterosexual, male students to facilitate dialogue about sexual violence on university campuses in Ontario. Several themes emerged, specifically pertaining to negotiations of consent, a perceived “grey area,” peer influence, and how the social construction of masculinity fosters specific beliefs that excuse sexually violent beliefs, language, and actions. The present research study illustrates a need to explore this subject further to improve sexual violence prevention efforts.
SOA-BASED IOT SYSTEMS

A future SOA-based Internet of Things (IoT) system will consist of a huge number of autonomous IoT devices capable of providing services upon request. We propose a cloud-based scalable trust management protocol for supporting Trust as a Service (TaaS). In our trust protocol design, each user will map to a home cloud server using its unique id based on Distributed Hash Table techniques to achieve load balancing among all cloud servers. TaaS is realized by following a simple report-and-query paradigm. Specifically, a user upon a service completion will report to its home cloud server of the user satisfaction result. To know if another IoT device is trustworthy in providing a service, a user will send a query to its home cloud server even if the user has not had any service experience with the IoT device. The server will return a trust value formed by considering self-observations from the user as well as recommendations from other users sharing similar social interests. We demonstrate the feasibility by applying TaaS to a real-world SOA-based IoT application. The results support its superiority over contemporary distributed IoT trust management protocols in selecting trustworthy nodes and resulting in the highest application utility score.
Learning representations for binary-classification without backpropagation

The family of feedback alignment (FA) algorithms aims to provide a more biologically motivated alternative to backpropagation (BP), by substituting the computations that are unrealistic to be implemented in physical brains. While FA algorithms have been shown to work well in practice, there is a lack of rigorous theory proofing their learning capabilities. Here we introduce the first feedback alignment algorithm with provable learning guarantees. In contrast to existing work, we do not require any assumption about the size or depth of the network except that it has a single output neuron, i.e., such as for binary classification tasks. We show that our FA algorithm can deliver its theoretical promises in practice, surpassing the learning performance of existing FA methods and matching backpropagation in binary classification tasks. Finally, we demonstrate the limits of our FA variant when the number of output neurons grows beyond a certain quantity.
Resilient material for provisional denture after dental implant placement

This article reviews the findings of the original papers related to the dentures published in the Journal of the Japan Prosthodontic Society (J Jpn Prosthodont Soc (Nippon Hotetsu Shika Gakkai Zasshi); Medline/Pubmed), Vol 50, 2006. A total of four articles focused on complete denture or prostheses for the edentulous were selected and summarized. The contents of picked up articles were summarized in Table 1. A variety of subjects in relation to removable prosthodontics were argued in the articles, i.e. stress analysis on tissue conditioner after implant placement, physiological and morphological, analysis in relation to denture prognosis.
Opioid Use in the Last Year of Life Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Advanced Illnesses: A Retrospective Cohort Study

The presence of refractory dyspnea is often associated with illness progression to advanced stages. Opioid medications are the first-line pharmacological treatment for the palliation of refractory dyspnea, and indication for this intervention could signal the need for palliative care or hospice. The aims of this study were to describe opioid use and enrollment in hospice care among Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or lung cancer during their last year of life. Using Medicare data, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of beneficiaries with heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or lung cancer who died in 2009. Slightly more than one-third of the 110 218 decedents used an opioid medication during the last year of life. Beneficiaries with lung cancer had the most opioid and hospice use. Hospice was initiated in the last month of life, whereas opioids were first prescribed 9 to 12 months before death. Findings suggest that the symptoms experienced by this population in the last year of life may not be well managed. The introduction of an opioid medication to manage refractory dyspnea could be used as an indicator to begin discussions about palliative care or hospice among patients with advanced illnesses.
Development of Potential-Based Tourism Models in Pelaga Tourism Village, Petang District, Badung Regency

The concept of tourism village has been enforced by the provincial government in Bali. The main purpose is that tourism can be enjoyed by the community not only by a few tourism actors. This study attempts to; (1) know the potential and priorities of superior potentials that can be developed; (2) find out how the Potential-Based Tourism Model in Pelaga Tourism Village, Petang District, Badung Regency; and (3) determine the role of stakeholders involved in the development of a Potential Based Tourism Model in Pelaga Tourism Village, Petang District, Badung Regency. The research was conducted utilizing qualitative research to find out and explore tourism development in Pelaga Tourism Village. Data collection techniques using indepth interviews, observation, and documentation. Interviews are conducted with stakeholders as the informant. Then the data will be analyzed with descriptive analysis techniques. The main outcome of this study is the development of a Potential-Based Tourism Model in Pelaga Tourism Village, Petang District, Badung Regency. The urge for a marketing strategy suitable for Pelaga Tourism Village is the recommendation for further research. Hence the importance of the marketing strategy to promote a tourism destination. Keywords—tourism village, tourism development strategy, tourism potential, tourist attraction
Development of a Broader Conceptualization and Measurement Scale of Ethical Leadership

This study presents a broader construct of ethical leadership as an alternative to existing understanding of the term. The study divides the existing literature into classical and contemporary thoughts. The study brings forth limitations of the existing classical conceptualization based on several shortcomings. Synthesis and development of existing studies lead to a broader narrative that essentially addresses the limitations posed in this study. This broader viewpoint is based on the categorization of ethical theories by Van Wart (2014). A new definition of ethical leadership is presented and a survey scale of ethical leadership based on this conceptualization is developed. This study calls for empirical studies to test the new scale and use it to re-validate existing studies.
ICLR 2020 2 T OPOLOGY OF LOSS SURFACES VIA CANONICAL FORM INVARIANTS The “ canonical form ” invariants ( barcodes ) give a concise summary of topological features of functions

We apply canonical forms of gradient complexes (barcodes) to explore neural networks’ loss surfaces. We present an algorithm for calculations of the objective function’s barcodes of minima. Our experiments confirm two principal observations: (1) the barcodes of minima are located in a small lower part of the range of values of objective function and (2) increase of the neural network’s depth brings down the minima’s barcodes. This has natural implications for the neural network learning and the ability to generalize.
American Journal of Primatology

american journal of primatology What to say and what to do when mostly your friends love reading? Are you the one that don't have such hobby? So, it's important for you to start having that hobby. You know, reading is not the force. We're sure that reading will lead you to join in better concept of life. Reading will be a positive activity to do every time. And do you know our friends become fans of american journal of primatology as the best book to read? Yeah, it's neither an obligation nor order. It is the referred book that will not make you feel disappointed.
A Key Management Schema Based on ECC to Secure the Substation and Control Center Communications in Smart Grids

Since the invention of electricity, global power grids have been at the forefront of technological advances. The antiquated infrastructure of power system which provides power to the city's homes, factories and businesses are replaced with a new power distribution system. This new infrastructure of power distribution includes the collection of digital systems called the smart grid. In the smart grid, one of the main components is the distribution system, and the consumption reports are transferred from the substations to the control center. Currently, the smart substations use the IEC61850, however, it is not completely safe. IEC 62351 is used to secure this standard. However, the security protocols are provided for IEC 62351 standard, and there are different security issues to this standard. This paper presents a key agreement scheme with an authentication mechanism based on ECC for securing the communication between the data center and substation. In addition, it can cover the standard security weaknesses, and the session key is generated due to the time limit for the two important protocols in IEC 62851 (i.e. GOOSE and SV).
Postulates of urban resilient sustainability transitions: a cross-disciplinary approach

Significant steps have been made towards reaching the goal of sustainable development in urban areas in the last two decades, especially in industrialised countries. However, there is still a long way to go in cities to correct key problems regarding socio-economic inequalities, environmental degradation and overconsumption. Cities are facing old and emergent global challenges including demographic growth, ageing and climate change. In this paper we pose the question of whether cities will be able to respond to these challenges with the current management and planning practices. Based on current and future consumption demands of energy, food, space, etc. the aim of this paper is to bring to the fore the notion of “urban resilient sustainability” to answer to questions such as: what is the added value of the idea of urban resilience for urban sustainable development? Furthermore, given the current unsustainable urban trends, how can local transitions to resilient sustainability be stimulated? We attempt to provide some answers based on the fast growing, although highly scattered, conceptual and empirical literature on urban resilience and by paying special attention to the role of urban governance towards sustainability transitions which we argue require the fulfilment of a set of key necessary conditions.