Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of a 5MW wind turbine in an atmospheric boundary layer

This article presents detached eddy simulation (DES) results of a 5MW wind turbine in an unsteady atmospheric boundary layer. The evaluation performed in this article focuses on turbine blade loads as well as on the influence of atmospheric turbulence and tower on blade loads. Therefore, the turbulence transport of the atmospheric boundary layer to the turbine position is analyzed. To determine the influence of atmospheric turbulence on wind turbines the blade load spectrum is evaluated and compared to wind turbine simulation results with uniform inflow. Moreover, the influences of different frequency regimes and the tower on the blade loads are discussed. Finally, the normal force coefficient spectrum is analyzed at three different radial positions and the influence of tower and atmospheric turbulence is shown.
'App napping'?: Will holey handsets get caught

Android handset market took a battering in March when an unknown group of hackers took around 50 Android apps, infected them with the DroidDream malware, and then uploaded them online for handset users to download. DroidDream malware is capable of rooting the smartphone, harvesting data, and/or opening a backdoor on the device. The malware also attempts to record IMEI and IMSI numbers, which are used to identify mobile phones, and upload the data to an external website. The Information Security Forum (ISF) suggests that around 260,000 Android handset users were affected by the DroidDream infection. The article discusses how alert people are to the security dangers of the smartphone app.
The effect of jet angle and velocity ratio on turbine blade film cooling

This work is concerned with the thermal effect of the turbine blade by film cooling. The jet flow penetration and flow structure was simulated and solved numerically. This investigation presents a tool to obtain qualitative information about the penetration area and flow structure of the mixing flow at different jet angle configurations. Two models of airfoil (NACA 0021) with hole diameters d=0.1 and 0.2 cm were studied. The simulation was carried out using the commercial code (FLUENT 6.3). Several cases were considered; including three-velocity ratio, VR=0.3, 0.7, 1, 1.5, 2 and two jet suction angles, B of 37.5o and 90o, and four different angles of attack, a=0o, 5o, 10o, and 15o. The cooling films build up on the blade surface was simulated. The work gives a clear picture of the penetration area for the normal and angled-injection cases. The results at different sections, x/s=0.5 and 0.9 for the first and second model provided the optimum holes rows spacing and the low suction angle for maximum film cooling effectiveness.
Indicated pressure-based data-driven diesel engine NOx modeling

This article addresses the design and evaluation of virtual NO x sensors for heavy-duty off-road diesel engines based on static polynomial black box modeling. Three approaches, differing in the chosen sets of regressors, are analyzed regarding their NO x prediction capability. As regressor sets only quantities available on standard production-type electronic control units, features extracted from the in-cylinder pressure trace via singular value decomposition extended by the engine speed as well as geometric values from the pressure trace and heat release curves are utilized, respectively. It is shown that while each of the approaches alone has its drawbacks, a systematic combination, especially of the first two methods, results in high-accuracy NO x models while at the same time keeping the number of regressors low.
Noniterative stable transmission/reflection method for low-loss material complex permittivity determination

This paper describes a new noniterative transmission/reflection method applicable to permittivity measurements using arbitrary sample lengths in wide-band frequencies. This method is based on a simplified version of the well-known Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) method. For low-loss materials, this method is stable over the whole frequency range: no divergence is observed at frequencies corresponding to integer multiples of one half wavelength in the sample. The accuracy on the dielectric permittivity is similar to that obtained with a more recently proposed iterative technique. A general equation for complex permittivity determination including the Stuchly, NRW, and new noniterative methods, is also proposed.
Person Following of a Mobile Robot Using Kinect through Features Detection Based on SURF

Following a person is an important task for domestic service robots in applications in which human-robot interaction is a primary requirement. Two steps will be completed if the robot needs to achieves this task. It includes detecting the target person and following it. Thus, the robot needs applicable algorithm and specific sensor. In this paper features detection and following technology based on SURF (Speed Up Robust Features) algorithm is used for person following in domestic environments. The vision system of robot obtains very good features of the target person through the RGB camera of kinect (Kinect sensor device) using SURF algorithm. And the depth camera of kinect helps the robot obtain the accurate information about the position of the target person in the environment. It uses SURF algorithm to extract the features of the target person, and match them in following frames. The proposed method is programmed in high speed hardware system and using small zone person following method in order to meet the real time requirement. Experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Bacterial DNA is a prognostic factor for mortality in patients who recover from spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Background Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is associated with a high mortality. The aim was to investigate whether bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (bactDNA) could offer an accurate identification of pathogens and to explore its prognostic role during and early after an SBP episode. Methods Consecutive patients with SBP (SBP-group) and patients with decompensated cirrhosis without SBP/bacterascites (control-group) were enrolled. Standard culture methodology was used to isolate and identify pathogens from blood and ascitic fluid (AF). The SeptiFast test was used to identify bactDNA directly from AF. Results Fifty-five patients, median age 60 (interquartile range [IQR] 53-74), model-for-end-stage liver disease (MELD) score 18 (IQR 13-29), with SBP were prospectively included. AF cultures were positive in 52.7% (17.2% drug-resistant bacteria) and bactDNA in 29.1% (58.2% combined sensitivity). BactDNA results were 84.6% concordant with AF cultures. Three patients had positive bactDNA in the culture-negative SBP-group. BactDNA was negative in all 36 of the control group (100% specificity). In multivariate analysis for 7-day survival, factors adversely affecting outcome were MELD (P=0.049) and C-reactive protein (P=0.012). After patients who died during the first week post-admission were excluded, patients with positive bactDNA had a poor prognosis compared to those with a negative test (log-rank P=0.005). Variables independently associated with 30-day mortality were neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P=0.011) and positive bactDNA (P=0.020). Conclusions No evidence was found for the usefulness of bactDNA to improve bacterial identification during an SBP episode. However, bactDNA was a predictor of 30-day mortality in the subset of patients who recovered from the infection episode.
Fault tolerant techniques for integrated circuits in submicron and nanotechnologies

Drastic device shrinking, power supply reduction, and increasing operating speeds that accompany the technological evolution to deeper submicron, reduce significantly the noise margins and thus the reliability of deep submicron ICs. A more significant problem is related to the single-event upsets (SEUs). It is predicted that neutrons produced by the sun activity will affect dramatically the operation of future Integrated Circuits (Ics). Self-test and fault tolerance in submicron and nanotechnologies becoming hitherto imperative. Perhaps the most significant problem concerns the sensitivity of future IC generations face to various noise sources, and in particularly face to energetic particles. This paper analyses some of designing soft-error tolerant circuits.
Teaching different research methods through the use of video analysis software for media students: A case study

Abstract The aim of this research was to test Transana, a Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS), for teaching different research methods. We used semiotics, ethnographic analysis, and visual sociology to evaluate a TV commercial with a class of media studies students. We developed a specific combination of video-recording, editing tools and software to record, analyse and present audiovisual data using Transana, which was used to study the video and interviews. The use of this software helped with transcribing, coding, and retrieving visual and audio data, and generally facilitated the collective analysis of the subject and benefited the accuracy of investigation. We believe that CAQDAS could be used for instructional purposes and that its visual interface could improve the teaching process for semiotics and visual sociology for students in media studies; however, it requires the availability of proper video-recorded data.
A soft-switched, full-bridge boost converter employing an active-clamp circuit

A new full-bridge, active-clamp boost converter is proposed for single-phase high power PFC applications and applications requiring transformer isolation. The active-clamp network serves to limit bridge switch turn-off voltage overshoot and enable the energy stored in the transformer leakage inductance to be used for zero-voltage switching. PWM phase-shift control of the bridge switches is utilized to obtain zero-current switching for two of the four bridge switches. Simulation results are presented which verify the principle of operation.
Optimal power management and powertrain components sizing of fuel cell/battery hybrid electric vehicles based on particle swarm optimisation

Combining a Fuel Cell (FC), as primary power source, with a Battery Energy System (BES), as an auxiliary source, for high power demands is a promising approach for future hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The powertrain control strategy and the component sizing significantly affect the vehicle performance, cost, vehicle efficiency and fuel economy. This paper presents a developed control strategy for optimising the power sharing between sources and components sizing by using Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm. This control strategy implemented on FC/Battery hybrid electric vehicle in order to achieve the best performance with minimum fuel consumption and minimum powertrain components sizing for a given driving cycle with high efficiency. The powertrain and the proposed control strategy have been simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results have demonstrated that the optimal sizing of the powertrain of FC/battery components and the minimum fuel consumption have been improved by applying the PSO control strategy.
Economics of Alternative Corn Stover Logistics Systems

Eight different corn stover logistics systems were modeled for the purpose of evaluating their sensitivity to key system parameters to identify the lowest cost feedstock system. Reducing field operations and maintaining harvester productivity were vital to reducing harvest costs. Storage costs were lowest with systems that had low losses and transport costs were minimized when truck weight limit was attained. Deconstructing and size-reducing bales added considerably to processing costs compared to bulk system where size-reduction took place at harvest. For these reasons, bulk harvest and storage systems consistently provided lower cost feedstock than bale systems. Of the systems considered where the stover and grain were separated at harvest, the two-pass chopped, bulk system where moist stover was conserved by anaerobic storage and fermentation produced the lowest feedstock cost at $84/Mg, a difference of $26.7/Mg or 24% lower than the conventional three-pass LSB, covered storage scenario. Storage and transport costs made up a significant fraction of total costs with this bulk system, but these greater costs were offset by much lower harvest and processing costs compared to other systems. A sensitivity analysis showed that yield and the size of the processor had the most impact on feedstock cost. They do so, primarily by the impact on transportation distance, which was found to be the largest cost. A new approach was considered in which very mature corn grain and stover would be harvested, stored and shipped together. The grain and stover fractions would then be separated for further processing. The stover feedstock costs were 55% less than conventional stover harvest systems and 34% less than the lowest cost two-pass system. This system offers the best opportunity to significantly reduce corn stover feedstock costs.
"Horizontal Bone Augmentation with the Cortical Lamina Technique: A Case Report"

Introduction A female patient 28 years old was referred by the orthodontist to complete her dental treatment. Patient presented with several missing teeth due to agenesis, she had only two upper permanent molars and a deciduous one in the lower right side. The request of the patient was to replace two lower molars and one in the upper right side in order to restore proper occlusion (Figures 1-3). As part of the study case the patient was sent for a CBCT in order to evaluate the condition of the edentulous areas (Figure 4) [1].
Loss of DRO1/CCDC80 in the tumor microenvironment promotes carcinogenesis

Tumors are composed of the tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment. Both are closely interwoven and interact by a complex and multifaceted cross-talk which plays an integral part in tumor initiation, growth, and progression. Dro1/Ccdc80 has been shown to be a potent suppressor of colorectal cancer and ubiquitous inactivation of Dro1/Ccdc80 strongly promoted colorectal carcinogenesis in ApcMin/+ mice and in a chemically-induced colorectal cancer model. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Dro1/Ccdc80’s tumor suppressive function is tumor-cell-autonomous. Expression of Dro1/Ccdc80 in cancer cells had no effect on both colon tumor development in ApcMin/+ mice and formation of xenograft tumors. In contrast, DRO1/CCDC80 loss in the microenvironment strongly increased tumor growth in xenograft models, inhibited cancer cell apoptosis, and promoted intestinal epithelial cell migration. Moreover, stromal Dro1/Ccdc80 inactivation facilitated formation of intestinal epithelial organoids. Expression analyses showed Dro1/Ccdc80 to be significantly down-regulated in murine gastric cancer associated fibroblasts, in ApcMin/+ colon tumor primary stromal cells and in microdissected stroma from human colorectal cancer compared to normal, non-tumor stroma. Our results demonstrate epithelial derived DRO1/CCDC80 to be dispensable for intestinal tissue homeostasis and identify Dro1/Ccdc80 as tumor suppressor in the tumor microenvironment.
Incorporating Acquisition Geometry in Deep Learning-Based Full Waveform Inversion

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is widely considered the best method for reconstructing highresolution velocity models. Conventional (physics-based) FWI methods need the following inputs: shot-gathers, wavelet, initial model, and acquisition geometry. These methods face several challenges such as: a high dependency on the initial model, the complexity of building the initial model, the possibility of cycle skipping, and a high computational burden (Schuster 2017).
Service Restoration of Smart Distribution System

Abstract: On the condition of protecting the critical load, it is necessary to restore the service of outage area without fault as soon as possible after the occurrence of fault in smart distribution system. A fast service restoration method is proposed for medium-voltage distribution system with distributed generations, which combines intentional islanding of DGs for network reconfiguration. Under the condition of safety limits, the out of service areas are achieved maximization of restoration, making full use of DGs. The whole process of restoration is regarded as a multi-stages decision problem, and divided into four stages. Compared to the existing algorithms, this method can effectively avoid the time-consuming and search results problems, and the simulation results are better. The effectiveness and practicality of the propose approach is demonstrated by simulations on a PG&E 69-nodes system with DGs.
DC link voltage balancing approach for cascaded H-bridge active rectifier based on selective harmonic elimination-pulse width modulation

This study presents an improved voltage balancing strategy which can be employed on multilevel cascaded H-bridge (CHB) rectifiers using low switching frequency. The proposed method balances the voltage of all DC links in a CHB rectifier to a predefined value, without increasing the number of switching transitions. The redundancy states which are available in the CHB rectifier to produce a voltage level are used to balance the DC links in each transition. Moreover, using the well-known selective harmonic elimination-pulse width modulation method, all current harmonic components up to 29th harmonic are eliminated in the three-phase CHB rectifier, whereas the average switching frequency of each switch is limited to 150 Hz. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed strategy is verified by several simulations and experiments that are carried out on a 7-level CHB rectifier.
On interface and oxide degradation in VLSI MOSFETs. II. Fowler-Nordheim stress regime

For pt. I see ibid., vol. 49, pp. 247-53 (2002). The assessment of the physical mechanisms governing the degradation of thin oxides is a very important and, unfortunately, elusive issue that has raised significant debate in recent literature. In this paper, we first use some of the results reported in Pt. I to estimate a reasonable boundary for the efficiency of a possible hydrogen release (HR) mechanism and argue that the HR appears too weak to explain our measurements of stress-induced leakage current (SILC) produced by Fowler-Nordheim (FN) tunneling stress measurements. Then, we present an in-depth investigation of the anode hole injection (AHI) mechanism at low stress gate voltages (V/sub G/). To this purpose, we used both previously discussed and ad hoc devised characterization techniques. Our results indicate that AHI is still operative at V/sub G/ lower than previously experimentally demonstrated. Furthermore, the correlation between the energy of holes at the anode, their injection into the oxide, and the eventual generation of SILC strongly indicate that AHI is the mechanism governing oxide degradation in the considered stress conditions.
Contact bridging dampers for back-up on automated highways

Automated Highway Systems (AHS) are under development to address congestion, inefficient energy use and inadequate safety margins. As more intelligence is applied to highway and vehicles, the system increasingly relies on secure communications and control, with potentially hazardous consequences in the event of technical failure. The authors propose an active, intelligently controlled extended fender which permits vehicles to operate in lengthy, stable platoons in direct but ‘soft’ contact, allowing fault support for an AHS. Simulation studies have indicated that stable operation may be retained with only a simple ‘leader’ broadcast signal and that good longitudinal ride quality is also retained, providing results similar to the fully co-operative system. The device also provides potential for additional safety in the event of a collision and for selective power reduction for a co-operative system at steady speed.
Designing technology for children with special needs: bridging perspectives through participatory design

This article presents and discusses co-creation techniques for involving children in the design of a technologically enhanced learning environment. The ECHOES project, which involves both typically developing children and children with autism spectrum conditions, aims to create an environment that scaffolds the development of children's social skills. The authors draw attention to the constraints and limitations of co-designing new technologies, which are by necessity interdisciplinary, and describe experiments with sensory interest and storytelling to bridge tensions between system design and the imaginary worlds of young children. Related work is reviewed, where children with special needs have been included in the design process, and a series of design activities implemented in ECHOES is described. Reflecting on these experiences, key themes are identified that may be of interest to practitioners and researchers who work with children in inclusive design contexts. These themes address the role of theory, the impact of technology, the support of creativity, the validity of inspiration and the design of non-digital generative tools to harness children's imagination. The article also includes a discussion on the ethical implications of co-designing with children and describes how the project evolved as a consequence of the work described.
Adaptive Event-Triggered Leader-Follower Consensus of Linear Multiagent Systems Under Directed Graph With Nonzero Leader Input

This brief investigates the leader-follower consensus problem of linear multiagent systems (MASs) with nonzero leader input under the directed graph. By proposing the innovative adaptive event-triggered mechanism, the proposed control protocol does not need continuous communication among neighbors, and the control protocol can be updated intermittently for each follower. Moreover, Zeno behavior can be excluded for each agent. Note that the existence of the leader’s nonzero bounded input enormously increases the difficulty of solving the leader-follower consensus problem. At last, two numerical examples are introduced to show the effectiveness and advantages of the designed protocol.
An assessment of waste management efficiency at BAA airports

The issue of waste management within airports is becoming increasingly important with enormous increases in passenger numbers and is a key responsibility of the facilities manager. Airports are notoriously poor environmental performers and this growth in the industry is leading to increasing levels of waste production. The purpose of this paper is to assess the efficiency of waste management operations at BAA airports, with reference to best practices within airports in continental Europe. The paper presents the findings of a survey of waste management methods in a sample of UK airports. The analysis of numerical data is based on those airports in the BAA group. Many of these are among the busiest airports in Britain, and Heathrow and Gatwick are two of the world's busiest. Data constraints prevented a more detailed analysis of other airports outside BAA. The paper highlights some difficulties in measuring BAA's waste management efficiency based on the waste hierarchy and concludes that some European airports have achieved greater efficiency in waste management. The situation is now changing though and BAA is taking environmental management seriously. However, a more co-ordinated approach to environmental strategy is needed across the industry and this is best produced at government level.