Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
North-West Ethiopia

The role of community engagement (CE) in improving demand for immunization merits investigation. The International Rescue Committee developed a CE strategy to implement a vaccine defaulter-tracing tool and a color-coded health calendar aimed at increasing uptake of immunization services in north-west Ethiopia (‘The Fifth Child Project’). We report findings from a formative evaluation of this project. In May/June 2016 we conducted 18 participant observations of project activities, 46 semi-structured interviews and 6 focus groups with caregivers, health workers, community members/leaders. Audio-recordings and fieldnotes were transcribed, anonymized, translated and analyzed thematically using inductive and deductive coding. Additional data was collected in November 2016 to verify findings. The project was suitably integrated within the health extension program and established a practical system for defaulter-tracing. The calendar facilitated personalized interactions between health workers and caregivers and was a catalyst for health discussions within homes. At the community level, a regulation exercise of sanctions was observed, which served as a deterrent against vaccine default. Pre-existing community accountability mechanisms supported the CE, although varying levels of engagement between leaders and health workers were observed. The benefits of shared responsibility for immunization were evident; however, more transparency was required about community self-regulatory measures to ensure health-related discussions remain positive.
The necessity of genetic screening for proper management of captive crocodile populations based on the examples of Crocodylus suchus and C. mindorensis

Based on sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, we report on a screening of 11 presumed Nile crocodiles from various European zoos, of which five (from four facilities) turned out to be western Nile crocodiles, Crocodylus suchus , the recently resurrected name applied to the western genetic lineage of Crocodylus niloticus sensu lato . We also provide evidence for a pure species-level genetic background of six additional Crocodylus mindorensis from a European zoo facility, a species that is known to hybridise with Crocodylus porosus . Our results are based on a limited number of genetic markers and thus might miss backcrossed hybrid specimens, but they provide an important basis for the establishment of conservation breeding programmes, already in place for C. mindorensis and contemplated for C. suchus . We found evidence for possible genetic admixture between C. suchus and C. niloticus in a specimen found in Lebanon, possibly representing a released captive-bred hybrid. We reiterate the need for such basic genetic screening especially in morphologically cryptic and poorly studied species in the context of ex-situ conservation breeding, to avoid erroneous species identification and overlooking of unknown evolutionary lineages.
Joint inversion estimate of regional glacial isostatic adjustment in Antarctica considering a lateral varying Earth structure (ESA STSE Project REGINA)

A major uncertainty in determining the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet from measurements of satellite gravimetry, and to a lesser extent satellite altimetry, is the poorly known correction for the ongoing deformation of the solid Earth caused by glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). Although much progress has been made in consistently modelling the ice-sheet evolution throughout the last glacial cycle, as well as the induced bedrock deformation caused by these load changes, forward models of GIA remain ambiguous due to the lack of observational constraints on the ice sheet's past extent and thickness and mantle rheology beneath the continent. As an alternative to forward modelling GIA, we estimate GIA from multiple space-geodetic observations: GRACE, Envisat/ICESat and GPS. Making use of the different sensitivities of the respective satellite observations to current and past surface mass (ice mass) change and solid Earth processes, we estimate GIA based on viscoelastic response functions to disc load forcing. We calculate and distribute the viscoelastic response functions according to estimates of the variability of lithosphere thickness and mantle viscosity in Antarctica. We compare our GIA estimate with published GIA corrections and evaluate its impact in determining the ice mass balance in Antarctica from GRACE and satellite altimetry. Particular focus is applied to the Amundsen Sea Sector in West Antarctica, where uplift rates of several cm/yr have been measured by GPS. We show that most of this uplift is caused by the rapid viscoelastic response to recent ice-load changes, enabled by the presence of a low-viscosity upper mantle in West Antarctica. This paper presents the second and final contribution summarizing the work carried out within a European Space Agency funded study, REGINA, (www.regina-science.eu).
The Effects of Goal-Setting Instruction on Self-Efficacy for Self-Regulated Learning (SESRL) in Undergraduate Classrooms.

A study investigated the effects of instructional materials for goal-setting on students' goal-analysis skill, goal-setting habits, and self-efficacy for self-regulated learning (SESRL). Subjects were 75 junior and senior college students in a required health science course, randomly assigned to use either one of two sets of self-instructional materials: (1) goal-setting studies or (2) case studies in health science. Both groups were preand posttested on SESRL and goal-setting, and posttested on goal analysis skill. Instruction for each group lasted 4 weeks. Posttest results indicated that goal-setting instruction was efficient and effective in teaching basic concepts about the nature and purposes of goals, types of goals, and the qualities of effective goals. The treatment group outperformed the control group on the goal-analysis posttest. Instruction did not affect goal-setting habits significantly; several possible explanations are offered. However, the group receiving goal-setting instruction scored significantly lower than the control group on the SESRL measure, an unanticipated finding, suggesting the need for further research. (Contains 23 references.) (MSE) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** The Effects of Goal-setting Instruction on Self-efficacy for Self-regulated Learning (SESRL) in Undergraduate Classrooms Linda Schwartz Valdosta State University Valdosta, GA Margaret Gredler University of South Carolina Columbia, SC Presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, 1997. Correspondence should be addressed to: Linda Schwartz, Department of Psychology, Counseling and Guidance, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698 or via 'electronic mail to: Ischwart@valdosta.edu Partial funding for this research was provided by the Center for Faculty Development/Instructional Improvement at Valdosta State University
Classical music in the waiting room of an ambulant mental healthcare setting

Introduction: Ambulant mental healthcare implies spending some time in a waiting room, where anxiety and stress regarding the consultation are likely to build up: feelings that counteract therapeutic progress. Changing the ambience of the waiting room by using the concept of healing environments from the medical sector seems to have a favorable effect on the patient’s well-being. Research stresses that classical music turned out to have those favorable effects, independent of the preference for this genre. Method: Within the scope of a Bachelor thesis at the University of Twente, an experiment on the favorable effects through classical music was conducted at Dimence, a mental healthcare institute in Almelo. Independent of the classical music preference, it was expected that the classical music positively influenced the patients’ states of stress and anxiety, and their perceived attractiveness of the waiting room and the quality of Dimence. Patients were assigned to either the experimental condition (classical background music) or the control condition (unchanged environment). After at least five minutes of exposure in the waiting room and before the consultation started, the participants got a questionnaire containing primary questions (semantic differentials for all four measurements and furthermore VAS scales for an additional measure of stress and anxiety) and secondary questions (over patient characteristics, demographical data, and classical music preference). The total sample size consisted of 76 participants. Analysis: The data was analyzed with multivariate and univariate analyses of (co-) variance in order to control for confounders and to see possible main effects of the condition and the potential moderating effect of classical music preference. No significant differences between the two conditions could be found regarding the stated hypotheses. The preference did not moderate any of the results but had a significant main effect on the VAS anxiety scale. Discussion: Possible reason for the results was most probably an inappropriate waiting-room to conduct the research regarding the unquiet atmosphere and the entrance hall character. Additionally, an unmeasured underlying bias because of different group characteristics seemed to counteract finding potential effects of classical music. Future research can build on those limitations and suggestions for improvement of the study to conduct further research on music as a favorable ambient feature in mental healthcare. Keywords: healing environment, mental healthcare, classical music, waiting room
Wireless Power Transfer System for Biomedical Devices by using Magnetic Resonance Coupling Technique

Aim of this work is to study the energy transfer wirelessly using a pair of transmitter and receiver coil. The system aims to generate magnetic coupling resonance between two coils. Wireless power transfer system can eliminate wire connection during energy transmission. Many researchers show great interest on wireless power transfer technique for biomedical devices. This technique is important to be applied and integrated into biomedical devices such as pacemakers, defibrillators, Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) to ease the transfer system. Basically, there are two ways to power up the biomedical devices such as external power cord and batteries. However, batteries had its limited capacity and external power cord limit patient’s freedom and might lead to infection. Therefore in this study, two coil wireless transfer system was designed in order to solve the problem. Two 30 cm diameter coils transmitter and receiver pairs had been designed to provide 72.7% of efficiency up to 37 cm of transmission distance. It can be concluded that this system is suitable for long range power transmission with good efficiency.
Model Driven Architecture for Software Application Generation

Modeling software system is a common aid to the software development process. There are many advantages to modeling, however, these are limited by the fact that modeling is typically only descriptive, and can not be used to generate code. Model Driven Architecture (MDA), an OMG initiative, allows for the creation of declarative models that can be used as the specification for the generation of entire software systems. Using such an approach has significant advantages, especially with regard to agricultural and environmental simulations which are often complex and evolve over time. This paper presents an overview of Model Driven Architecture and how it can be used to drive application generation. Platform Independent Model, Platform Specific Model, and transformation definition concepts are discussed, the MDA process is reviewed, and key advantages of the MDA approach are presented, with special emphasis on the generation of applications that simulate agricultural systems.
University of Dundee General distress , hopelessness-suicidal ideation and worrying in adolescence

Background: Clinical disorders often share common symptoms and aetiological factors. Bifactor models acknowledge the role of an underlying general distress component and more specific sub-domains of psychopathology which specify the unique components of disorders over and above a general factor. Methods: A bifactor model jointly calibrated data on subjective distress from The Mood and Feelings Questionnaire and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. The bifactor model encompassed a general distress factor, and specific factors for (a) hopelessness—suicidal ideation, (b) generalised worrying and (c) restlessness—fatigue at age 14 which were related to lifetime clinical diagnoses established by interviews at ages 14 (concurrent validity) and current diagnoses at 17 years (predictive validity) in a British population sample of 1159 adolescents. Results: Diagnostic interviews confirmed the validity of a symptom-level bifactor model. The underlying general distress factor was a powerful but non-specific predictor of affective, anxiety and behaviour disorders. The specific factors for hopelessness—suicidal ideation and generalised worrying contributed to predictive specificity. Hopelessness—suicidal ideation predicted concurrent and future affective disorder; generalised worrying predicted concurrent and future anxiety, specifically concurrent generalised anxiety disorders. Generalised worrying was negatively associated with behaviour disorders. Limitations: The analyses of gender differences and the prediction of specific disorders was limited due to a low frequency of disorders other than depression. Conclusions: The bifactor model was able to differentiate concurrent and predict future clinical diagnoses. This can inform the development of targeted as well as non-specific interventions for prevention and treatment of different disorders. & 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Canopy structure at the edge of seagrass affects sea urchin distribution

The purpose of this study was to add insights to the understanding of seagrass Posidonia oceanica–sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus interactions, evaluating whether the canopy structure at the edge of meadows next to rocks affects the distribution of P. lividus. The experiment consisted of the manipulation of seagrass structure by modifying the shoot density (20, 50, and 100%) and leaf length (natural and reduced). Plastic seagrass was used to test for the mechanism of attraction to the seagrass edge. Thus, for each treatment combination (shoot density × canopy height), 3 types of Posidonia were considered: natural seagrass, artificial seagrass, and natural seagrass + frame as a procedural control. The results highlighted that P. oceanica canopy structure influences the distribution of P. lividus, as the mean abundance of the sea urchin was directly proportional to the shoot density at both canopy heights. Since the type of Posidonia did not influence seagrass density, grazing is not the mechanism of attraction of the sea urchins towards the seagrass edge — a more plausible reason, thus, is the search for shelter. Although these findings add to the understanding of P. oceanica–P. lividus interactions at the edge of the seagrass, space use patterns in sea urchins and the structure of the seascape over which they traverse must be quantified so that a more complete understanding of species–habitat relationships and seascape connectivity can be developed.
Design and Analysis of a Clothes Holding Flexible Mechanism

This paper presents the design of a clothes holding flexible mechanism that uses a parabolic flexure hinge. Flexure hinge has some limitations as the stress concentration, which leads to limit the fatigue life, and the deformation may be changed under thermal effects. The purpose of this study is subsequent to optimize the shape of a proposed hinge using fuzzy logic combined Taguchi method with regard to multi-response performance index, including minimize the compliance along the x-axis and maximize the compliance along the y-axis. The optimal results showed that the optimized shape of a parabolic flexible hinge includes the length l of 40 mm, the thickness t of 1 mm, and the parameter c of 0.6 mm. Thermal effects can not be ignored when designing as well as analyzing the flexible mechanisms. Analyzed result revealed that the maximum stress will occur at flexible hinge; and an increase in temperature, the stress will increase. It expects that this device can ready alternative to existing clothes holding mechanism.
Amphibian Diversity and Species Composition in Relation to Habitat Type and Alteration in the Mache–Chindul Reserve, Northwest Ecuador

Abstract: Amphibians are facing extinctions worldwide as a result of numerous factors. Habitat alteration has long been implicated in the loss of biodiversity; however, we still do not know how different animal assemblages respond to habitat alteration. To investigate the impacts of anthropogenic habitat alteration on diversity, we studied amphibian assemblages across different habitats in the Chocó rainforest of northwest Ecuador. Amphibian diversity was estimated using intensive surveys along transects in primary and altered (historically logged) forest and riparian habitats, as well as along roads with varying levels of ongoing human activity. Our results suggest an interaction between habitat type and alteration on the diversity and composition of amphibian assemblages. Amphibian assemblages along rivers were the richest as well as the least impacted by habitat alteration. In addition, riparian zones harbored amphibian assemblages distinct from other habitat types, including rare and endangered species. Diversity and species richness were lower in secondary than in primary forest, suggesting that amphibian assemblages in interior forest habitat may be more vulnerable to alterations caused by logging. These findings suggest that amphibian assemblages in different habitat types (i.e., riparian vs. interior forest) may vary in vulnerability to habitat alteration. We discuss these findings in relation to land management plans that promote amphibian diversity in northwest Ecuador and recognize a good potential indicator species, Oophaga sylvatica, for identifying pristine habitat.
PMJN _july_Dec_2009.indd

BACKGROUND This study was undertaken in the Outpati ent department of Patan hospital, to assess whether interventi ons aft er a previous audit had improved quality of care. METHODOLOGY Cross-secti onal survey of pati ent sati sfacti on by exit interview. RESULTS There was improvement in pati ent sati sfacti on with privacy, and reduced waiti ng ti mes. More intensive interventi on also resulted in improvement in staff atti tudes, whereby 88% doctors, 85% of ti cketi ng staff and 68% lab staff were found to have very good or good atti tudes. Conti nuity of care showed no change CONCLUSION Collecti on of data without implementati on and ongoing review is pointless. Where we implemented no change, no change was found. Where we successfully implemented change, then change was achieved. Just raising awareness about atti tudes was not suffi cient. Formal training in “customer relati ons” was eff ecti ve, but this was not maintained. This study demonstrates how diffi cult it is to actually implement change in a large organizati on. Passive provision of informati on has not proved to be suffi cient. Changes in systems were what proved eff ecti ve.
The effect of external temperature gradients on thermal conductivity in non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations: From nanowires to bulk Si

Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics is widely used to calculate the thermal conductivity of various materials, but the influence of temperature gradient to thermal conductivity has received limited attention within current research studies. The purpose of this article is to explore the discrepancy between intrinsic and extrinsic thermal conductivities under different temperature gradients, which can be considered as external fields. The analyses of phonon density of states have shown that the temperature gradient plays a role in the external field, and a larger temperature gradient activates more low-frequency vibrational modes, which leads to larger thermal conductivities. Specially, the thermal conductivity increases linearly with the temperature gradient when using Stillinger-Weber (SW) potential. Moreover, a new formula was derived to satisfactorily fit the thermal conductivities of bulk Si and silicon nanowires (SiNWs) for various cell sizes, and the physical meaning of the formula was explained. It is shown that the SW potential and Tersoff potential of Si produce different thermal conductivities. By comparing the results of first principles simulations, the Tersoff potential gives rise to better description of vibrational modes.
The structure factor of primes

Although the prime numbers are deterministic, they can be viewed, by some measures, as pseudo-random numbers. In this article, we numerically study the pair statistics of the primes using statistical–mechanical methods, particularly the structure factor S(k) in an interval M⩽p⩽M+L with M large, and L/M smaller than unity. We show that the structure factor of the prime-number configurations in such intervals exhibits well-defined Bragg-like peaks along with a small ‘diffuse’ contribution. This indicates that primes are appreciably more correlated and ordered than previously thought. Our numerical results definitively suggest an explicit formula for the locations and heights of the peaks. This formula predicts infinitely many peaks in any non-zero interval, similar to the behavior of quasicrystals. However, primes differ from quasicrystals in that the ratio between the location of any two predicted peaks is rational. We also show numerically that the diffuse part decays slowly as M and L increases. This suggests that the diffuse part vanishes in an appropriate infinite-system-size limit.
The impact of being dignified by one's manager on leader-member exchange and psychological empowerment

The Impact of Being Dignified by One’s Manager on Leader-Member Exchange and Psychological Empowerment by Loren Brett Wender Dr. David Corsun, Examination Committee Chair Professor o f Hotel Administration University o f Nevada, Las Vegas This research tested whether being dignified by one’s manager had a relationship with LMX and psychological empowerment. Specifically, did being dignified or derogated by one’s manager lead to LMX and psychological empowerment’s three dimensions: meaning, influence, and self-efficacy? In order to examine the relationships mentioned above, survey data were collected from 325 employees o f service firms located in Las Vegas. Nevada. A majority o f the employees (255) were students who attended University o f Nevada, Las Vegas, while the others were from other service organizations in Las Vegas and Boston. The data was examined using a path analysis to test the hypotheses and the post hoc test in order to find the model that best fit the data. Results indicated that being dignified by one’s manager increased LMX and two dimensions o f psychological erapowermenL meaning and influence. Being derogated by one’s manager decreased LMX and one dimension o f psychological empowerment influence. LMX was discovered to lead to positive psychological empowerm ent Dignification and derogation affect psychological