Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3GPP Rel-17 Extensions for 5G Media Delivery

This paper provides a summary of media distribution in the 3GPP 5G System. We provide a status overview on the basics of 5G and in particular the Release 16 technologies on 5G Media Streaming and 5G Broadcast. Particular focus in this document are the recent Release-17 activities including extensions to 5G Media Streaming and 5G Broadcast. On the former, for example the integration of edge computing into media streaming is a major focus. On the latter, 5G Broadcast is extended to support co-existence of the technology with other broadcast technologies in the UHF band. A new set of functionalities is developed under the 5G Multicast–Broadcast Services (5MBS) umbrella work item. This includes new user service and system architecture functions to support broadcast and multicast throughout the 5G system. Particular focus in this paper are the radio layer and physical layer extensions to support point-to-multipoint delivery on top of New Radio (NR). We also touch briefly on the relevance of the 5G media distribution for third party ecosystems and industry with special focus on collaboration of media verticals and the 5G ecosystem.
Optimal scheduling of smart home appliances using mixed-integer linear programming

In the last years we have witnessed an increasing interest in smart buildings, in particular for what concerns optimal energy management, renewable energy sources, and smart appliances. In this paper we investigate the problem of scheduling smart appliance operation in a given time horizon with a set of energy sources and accumulators. Appliance operation is modeled in terms of uninterruptible sequential phases with a given power demand, with the goal of minimizing the energy bill fulfilling duration, energy, and user preference constraints. A Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MIP) model and a greedy heuristic algorithm are given, intended to be used in a synergic way. We show how a general purpose (off-the-shelf) MIP refining procedure can effectively be used for improving, in short computing time, the quality of the solutions provided by the initial greedy heuristic. Computational results confirm the viability of the overall approach, in terms of both solution quality and speed
Dry Eye Parameters and Lid Geometry in Adults Born Extremely, Very, and Moderately Preterm with and without ROP: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study

Background/Aims: This study aimed to analyze the effects of perinatal history on tear film properties and lid geometry in adults born preterm. Methods: The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) is a German prospective examination of adults born preterm and term aged 18 to 52 years with Keratograph® 5M and Schirmer test I. Main outcome measures were first non-invasive tear film break-up time (F-NITBUT), bulbar redness (BR), Schirmer test, and nasal palpebral angle measurement. The associations with gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), and BW percentile, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), ROP treatment, and other perinatal factors were evaluated using regression analyses. Results: 489 eyes of 255 preterm and 277 eyes of 139 full-term individuals (aged 28.6 +/− 8.8 years, 220 females) were included. Of these, 33 participants (56 eyes) had a history of spontaneously regressed ROP and 9 participants (16 eyes) had a history of ROP treatment. After adjustment for age and sex, lower F-NITBUT (<20 s) was associated with ROP treatment (OR = 4.42; p = 0.025). Lower GA correlated with increased bulbar redness (B = −0.02; p = 0.011) and increased length of wetting in the Schirmer test (B = −0.69; p = 0.003). Furthermore, low GA was associated with narrowing of the nasal palpebral angle (B = 0.22; p = 0.011) adjusted for age and sex, but not when considering ROP in the multivariable model. Conclusion: Our analyses indicate that perinatal history affects ocular surface properties, tear production and lid geometry in adults born term and preterm. This might indicate that affected persons have a predisposition to diseases of the corneal surface such as the dry eye disease.
Impact of Fin Shape on Fin FET Performance

FinFET has been a proven modification of the classical structure of MOSFETs to overcome short channel effect. But the leakage current due to corner effect in trigate FinFET posed impediments in its way. Fin cross section shape of FinFET has considerable impact on leakage performance. In this paper trapezium and inverse trapezium PC FinFETs with various top and bottom width of fin are studied. Results show that rounding the corner and tapering the fin reduce the leakage and improves Ion/Ioff ratio. General Terms FinFET, Leakage
Changes in flower yield, essential oil yield and oil composition after soil and foliage zinc and iron fertilization in German chamomile

Abstract In order to analyze the effects of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) on growth, yield, oil production and oil quality of German chamomile, an open field experiment was conducted at the Research Center, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India in 2019–2020 and 2020–2021. The experiment was set according to Randomized block design (RBD) with 7 treatments and three replications. Treatments were as follow: T1: control (without Zn or Fe fertilizers), T2: Foliar Fe spray @ 0.5%, T3: Foliar Fe spray @ 1.0%, T4: Foliar Zn spray @ 0.5%, T5: Foliar Zn spray @ 1.0%, T6: Mixing of Zn in soil @ 30 kg/ha before transplanting, T7: Mixing of Fe in soil @ 30 kg/ha before transplanting. Foliar spray of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) was conducted twice before flowering throughout the crop growth period. Obtained results showed that the plant height, canopy, number of flowers, fresh & dry flower yield, oil production, oil content and oil composition were radically increased and improved by foliar spray and soil mixing of Zn and Fe, compared to control. The maximum fresh flower & dry flower yield, oil content, and oil production were recorded in the treatment of foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5% followed by 1.0% in 2019–2020 and 2020–2021. The results also showed that Zn and Fe improved the oil quality and increased the concentration of major compounds like chamazulene, Z-spiroether, α-bisabolol oxide-A & B in oil compared with control.
Elaborative feedback and instruction improve cognitive reflection but do not transfer to related tasks

Abstract Cognitive reflection, or the ability to inhibit intuitive and incorrect responses in favour of correct responses, predicts performance on a variety of cognitive tasks. The present study examined interventions to improve cognitive reflection. In two experiments, college students (N = 491) were assigned to one of three conditions, completed two versions of a cognitive reflection test (CRT), and then completed transfer tasks. Between the two CRTs, some participants were provided with elaborative feedback, others were instructed to consider additional responses for their initial responses and the final group was a control. In both experiments, CRT performance increased between the first and second CRT in the feedback and instruction groups, but not in the control group. There was little evidence, however, for transfer to other tasks. These results suggest that cognitive reflection performance can be improved with brief interventions but that this improvement may not transfer to related tasks.
Exploring Sentiment Analysis on Arabic Tweets about the COIVD-19 Vaccines

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a public health crisis across the world. The global efforts lead to the development and deployment of multiple vaccines. The success of ending the COVID-19 pandemic relies on the willingness of people to get the vaccines. Social media platforms prove to be a valuable source to perform experiments on sentiment and emotion towards COVID-19 vaccination in many languages, mainly focusing on English. The people express their opinions and emotion on Twitter briefly, which can have tracked almost instantaneously. This helps the governments, public health officials, and decision-makers to understand public opinions towards vaccines. The goal of this research is to investigate public sentiment on COVID-19 vaccines. Twitter social media extracted all Arabic-language tweets mentioning seven vaccines in 7 months from 1 November 2020 to 31 May 2021. A set of Arabic sentiment lexicons were prepared to perform the sentiment analysis. The tweets' monthly average sentiment were calculated from the collected dataset and evaluated comparatively for each vaccine throughout the 11 months. Out of 5.5 million tweets that have been retrieved using the most frequent keywords and hashtags during the COVID-19 pandemic, 202,427 tweets were only considered and included in the monthly sentiment analysis. We considered tweets that mentioned only one vaccine name of the text. The distribution of tweets shows that 47.5% of the considered tweets mentioned the Pfizer vaccine. It is reported that 64% of the total tweets are non-negative while 35% are negative, with a significant difference in sentiment between the months. We observed an increase of non-negative tweets in parallel with increasing negative tweets on May 2021, reflecting the public's rising confidence towards vaccines. Lexicon-based sentiment analysis is valuable and easy to implement the technique. It can be used to track the sentiment regarding COVID-19 vaccines. The analysis of social media data benefits public health authorities by monitoring public opinions, addressing the people's concerns about vaccines, and building the confidence of individuals towards vaccines.
Antidepressant-Like Effect of Essential Oils From Citrus reticulata in Reserpine-Induced Depressive Mouse

Citrus reticulata Blanco has been widely used to cure some diseases such as cold, cough and indigestion. This study is aimed at determining the antidepressant-like effect of C. reticulata essential oils (CREOs) in reserpine-induced depression mice, as well as its possible mechanisms. The compositions of CREOs are firstly analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), in which d-limonene is the main component. Moreover, the results from the forced swimming and tail suspension tests show that the inhalation of CREOs can significantly improve the depressive behavior of reserpine-induced depressed mice by reducing the weight of the mice and shortening the immobile time. After sniffing CREOs, the number of normal neurons in the hippocampus of reserpine-induced depressed mice is greatly increased. In addition, CREOs significantly increase the expression level of 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A receptors (5HT-1A), glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the reserpine-treated mice brain tissue. Thus, these results have indicated that CREOs can be potential materials for drug and food development against depression.
Genomic landscape of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma

Objective T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is an aggressive neoplasm of precursor T cells, however, detailed genome-wide sequencing of large T-LBL cohorts has not been performed due to its rarity. The purpose of this study was to identify putative driver genes in T-LBL. Methods To gain insight into the genetic mechanisms of T-LBL development, we performed whole-exome sequencing on 41 paired tumor-normal DNA samples from patients with T-LBL. Results We identified 32 putative driver genes using whole-exome sequencing in 41 T-LBL cases, many of which have not previously been described in T-LBL, such as Janus kinase 3 (JAK3), Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and Wilms’ tumor suppressor gene 1 (WT1). When comparing the genetic alterations of T-LBL to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), we found that JAK-STAT and RAS pathway mutations were predominantly observed in T-LBL (58.5% and 34.1%, respectively), whereas Notch and cell cycle signaling pathways mutations were more prevalent in T-ALL. Notably, besides notch receptor 1 (NOTCH1), mutational status of plant homeodomain (PHD)-like finger protein 6 (PHF6) was identified as another independent factor for good prognosis. Of utmost interest is that co-existence of PHF6 and NOTCH1 mutation status might provide an alternative for early therapeutic stratification in T-LBL. Conclusions Together, our findings will not only provide new insights into the molecular and genetic mechanisms of T-LBL, but also have tangible implications for clinical practice.
Impact of Acute Blood Loss on Clinical, Hematological, Biochemical, and Oxidative Stress Variables in Sheep

Blood loss in sheep can have different causes and may result in anemia. We aimed to evaluate the clinical, hematological, and biochemical alterations and the oxidative stress generated by acute blood loss. Eighteen healthy sheep underwent phlebotomy to remove 40% of the blood volume and were evaluated clinically and by laboratory tests for clinical, biochemical, and blood gas variables and to assess oxidative stress before induction (T0), 30 min (T30 min), and 6 (T6 h), 12 (T12 h), and 24 h (T24 h) after blood loss. The sheep showed tachycardia from T30 min until T24 h, reduction in the hematocrit, number of erythrocytes, and hemoglobin concentration, with lower values at T24 h and increase in the number of leukocytes from T12 h on. There was a reduction in blood pH and oxygen pressure at T30 min, increased lactate concentration and reduced blood bicarbonate at this time. There was an increase in urea concentration from T6 h until the end of the study, with no change in creatinine levels. The animals did not show changes in the concentration of malonaldehyde, and in the activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, but there was a reduction in the concentration of reduced glutathione at T24 h. The acute loss of 40% of blood volume is capable of promoting relevant clinical, hematological, blood gas, and biochemical alterations, and contributed to the appearance of oxidative stress with reduced glutathione concentration, suggesting that this process generated free radicals in sufficient quantity to diminish the action of antioxidants.
Surveys of Professionals

This chapter provides an overview of surveys of professional forecasters, with a focus on the U.S. Survey of Professional Forecasters and the European Central Bank Survey of Professional Forecasters. A distinguishing feature of these surveys is that they collect point and density forecasts and make the data publicly available. We discuss their structure, issues involved in using the data, and the construction of measures such as disagreement and uncertainty at the aggregate and individual levels. Our review also summarizes the findings of studies exploring issues such as the alignment of point forecasts with measures of central tendency from associated density forecasts, the coverage of density forecasts, the rounding of point and density forecasts, comparisons of forecast accuracy across respondents, and heterogeneity in forecast behavior and the persistence of these differential features. We conclude with some observations for future work.
The electric-powered motorglider AOS-71 – the study of development

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the process of design and prototyping of a two-seat, electric-powered, self-launching motorglider AOS-71 closely connected with the teaching process conducted by the academic staff of Warsaw University of Technology (WUT) within a unique educational ULS – Ultra Light Sailplanes programme. Design/methodology/approach The selected design methods and tools used during the development of the motorglider have been described. The computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing modules of the Siemens NX software were used to work on the structural design, tools and technical documentation. The core of the ULS educational programme is to educate aerospace engineering students by providing an opportunity for them to participate in each phase of the aircraft life cycle – from conceptual drawings through structural design and prototyping to manufacturing, testing and maintenance. Findings The main innovations of the AOS-71 design are: retractable ecological electric propulsion, spacious cockpit where seats are located side by side and the all-composite airframe made of 90 per cent advanced carbon epoxy composites. Practical implications The electric motorglider can be used as a multifunctional flying laboratory for flight research and student education. Originality/value The AOS-71 project and its continuation are a valuable example of involving aerospace students in each phase of the aircraft life cycle. It also contributes to the research in the field of using innovative electrical propulsion systems in aircraft designs.
Gangway docking assistant

Gangways are a common facility to transport personnel in offshore operations. Docking the gangways is challenging, and system developers of Uptime International gangways, ICD Software, desires a system to assist the docking operation. This project attempts to develop an idea or system to assist gangway docking by enhanced visualization for gangway operators. A system was developed to utilize two cameras for mapping and visualizing the gangway landing in real-time, where data from the mapping is used to visualize a 3-dimensional model in a graphics engine. In addition, a feature of displaying the camera images directly, enhancing depth perception for the gangway operator by applying 3D-tv technology. The result is a system implementable into the pre-existing gangway control system, with two modes. Mapping the gangway landing in real-time is possible, but certain measures have to be taken to ensure a satisfying result considering performance, processing rate and detail. Displaying the images with on a 3D-tv with 3D-features enabled, enhances depth perception from the camera images dramatically. This report describes the background theory of the applied technologies, methods, results and conclusions of the project. In addition, proposals for further development is included. This project is handed in for evaluation and accreditation at Aalesund University College. Publication Agreement We hereby give Aalesund University College gratuitous access to make this assignment available for publishing. yes X no Is this assignment confidential? yes no X Can the assignment be published after the restricted period? yes X no Is this assignment to be excluded from the open public? (contains confidential information. Ref. Offl. §13/Fvl. §13) yes no X
Implicit Theories on Learning Assessment and the Use of Triangulation as a Means of Qualitative Validity and Reliability

This article discusses assessment practices in primary education and implicit theories in teaching. Cultural practice and social interactions in the classroom create personal experiences, which are the basis for teachers’ individual mental representations, known as implicit theories. These conceptions guide their teaching, but they are not generally studied, unlike the theories of the scientific community. Although implicit theories may be different, teachers from the same educational institution generally share them and they regulate them in relation to the context. This study seeks to identify and interpret the implicit theories on learning assessment of a primary school teacher in Puno, Peru. The methodology used was grounded theory. For this purpose, the empirical method, such as participant observation and in-depth interviews, was used. The main result was identifying in the teacher an assessment practice with a prevalence of constructive and interpretive theory traits.
Glacial Warming in the Eastern Pacific Warm Pool

The Eastern Pacific Warm Pool (EPWP) modulates global climate through its connection with tropical Pacific circulation, but sparse paleoceanographic data from this region limits our understanding of its role in past climate variability. We present a 144 kyr alkenone‐sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction from core NH22P, located in the northern EPWP, that shows local warming occurred during periods of global cooling. Climate model simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum indicate that both ice sheet and greenhouse gas forcing slowed wind speeds over the EPWP, which attenuated glacial cooling of local SST via the wind‐evaporation‐SST feedback. Spectral analysis further suggests precessional pacing of the warming spikes. Vernal equinox insolation could explain this pacing as direct shortwave heating during boreal spring would have contributed to the early seasonal intensification of the EPWP. This work provides crucial constraints on tropical Pacific glacial climate variability and highlights the unique response of the EPWP to global climate forcings.
Analysis of influence on the new type aviation lens shutter to the optical transfer function

The optical transfer function is the important parameter to evaluate the image quality of optical system. Based on the working property of one new type aviation lens shutter designed for the digital aerial photograph camera, the analysis of influence on the optical transfer function is presented. The lens shutter can change the optical pupil shape of the camera's optical system in the processing of control exposure, which means the point spread function is changed. Thus the optical transfer function is also changed. The relationship between the variety of aperture stop and the optical pupil function is built up by taking the optical system as the spatial frequency filter and adopting the Fourier transfer method and scalar diffraction theory as the theoretical foundation to analysis the influence of the shutter in the working period on the optical transfer function. Through the comparing analysis of the calculation and measurement results, they show that the maximum absolute error is 0.196 and the maximum relative repetitiveness. Furthermore, the design decreases the time ratio occupying whole error is -0.274 for the optical transfer function, which has better accuracy and exposure time for the beginning stage of shutter and the closing stage of shutter. It improves the comprehensive transfer function of system, which provides the theoretical reference for the optimization design of center shutter.
A novel extreme gradient boosting algorithm based model for predicting the scour risk around bridge piers: application to French railway bridges

Abstract Bridge failures inevitably cause severe social consequences in terms of the economic losses or even human fatalities. Scour is one of the leading causes for bridge failures. Due to its complexity and multidisciplinary nature, the mechanism of scour has not been completely understood yet. Inspired by the rapid development of Machine Learning (ML) techniques, this paper aims to construct a novel data-driven extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm based model to predict the scour risk around bridge piers. Data used in the present study is provided by the French National Railway Company (SNCF). The performance of XGBoost-based model is compared with three commonly used algorithms: support vector machine, random forest and multilayer perceptron. Results show that the XGBoost classifier achieves high accuracy (0.959/0.938), precision (0.970/0.961), recall (0.974/0.956) and low false positive rate (0.085/0.114) for training and test set respectively. Moreover, the classifier obtains an area under the ROC curve (AUC) score equal to 0.974 for test set (a perfect classifier has an AUC equal to 1). This paper presents a cutting-edge application of XGBoost algorithm in the maintenance of railway bridges. The proposed methodology may allow engineers to determine the scour risk of bridge piers in an accurate and rapid way.