Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality-of-Life Evaluation in Coeliac Patients on a Gluten-Free Diet

The treatment for coeliac disease (CD) has a considerable psychological impact on patients, which may vary depending on subjects and clinical characteristics. The aim of this study was to describe the quality of life (QoL) in CD patients during follow-up, evaluating which factors can influence it. Patients with CD who consecutively visited the outpatient clinic of CD Unit of the University Hospital of Padua from January to September 2019 were enrolled. Demographics and clinical information were collected, and all patients were asked to answer the CD-QoL and Biagi’s validated questionnaires. Student’s t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the continuous and categorical variables, respectively. One hundred patients were enrolled (86 females, mean age at test ± SD: 39.73 ± 13.51; mean age at diagnosis ± SD: 33.09 ± 12.92), with 61% of them having been diagnosed with CD within the previous 5 years. At the time of diagnosis, 43 CD patients reported classical CD presentation, 32 non-classical features, 16 only anaemia and 9 were asymptomatic. The mean CD-QoL value was overall high (80.54 ± 11.91). We found that the “health concerns” subscale score was significantly lower in subjects aged more than 35 years compared to younger subjects (p = 0.03). We also observed that the CD-QoL score in gluten-free diet (GFD)-adherent patients tended to be higher compared to subjects who were non-compliant, with a significantly higher percentage of patients with low score for the “dysphoria” subscale (p = 0.05). This study showed an overall good QoL in subjects on a GFD. However, subjects older and non-compliant to GFD appear to experience more health concerns and suffer from dysphoria, respectively.
Spirochetes in Gastric Glands of Macacus rhesus and Humans without Definite History of Related Disease

The observation of spirochetes in the gastric glands of Macacus rhesus by Cowdry and Scott 1 prompted the study of the incidence of these organisms and reaction associated with or caused by their presence in the sections of the gastro-intestinal tract of the animals used in their study. Sections of human stomach taken at necropsy in the Department of Pathology of Washington University School of Medicine were made available by Dr. H. A. McCordock. As early as 1884 Escherich 2 observed and reported spirochetes in the stools of patients with cholera. Spirochetes were described by Bizzozero 3 in the gastric glands and parietal cells of dogs in 1893. In spite of the many reports of spirochetes in the stools of normal humans as well as in cases of so-called “spirochetal dysentery” which had been cured in many cases by treatment with arsenicals, a review of the literature fails to reveal observations or studies of these organisms in the human stomach. Mühlens 4 and Luger and Neuberger 5 have reported spirochetes in ulcerating carcinomas of the stomach but reports of spirochetes in the gastric glands or parietal cells of humans were not found. Kasai and Kobayashi 6 experimented with lower animals which showed a definite tendency of these spirochetes of cats to become pathogenic to rabbits. Hemorrhagic erosion and ulceration of the mucosa about masses of spirochetes was described. Edkins 7 described what he considered a granular phase of these spirochetes in cats when the cats were not fed for several hours. In all the observations reactions to these organisms are not reported. In Macacus rhesus the spirochetes were observed in the gastric glands and parietal cells (hematoxylin and eosin stained sections) in 100% of 24 control animals and 19 test animals. The marked tendency for these organisms to invade the parietal cells was noted. In most cases a few spirochetes were also seen in the neck chief cells.
[Molecular subtyping of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma].

弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）是一组生物学高度异质的肿瘤，基于遗传学特点对其区分亚型有助于临床危险度分层并指导精准治疗。 近年来，DLBCL的分子分型已由原来单纯基于基因表达水平的起源细胞（COO）分型逐渐过渡到COO分型与侧重于驱动性遗传学异常（包括基因突变、易位及拷贝数改变等）检测的基因分型相结合的阶段。 二者结合的分型方法，或许能更好地解释肿瘤的生物学异质性与治疗反应差别。 上述分型理论，可能还有待更多的实践加以验证和补充。
Comprehensive gene expression profile of LPS-stimulated human monocytes by SAGE

Monocytes play a pivotal role in various human infectious and inﬂammatory diseases. To reveal a whole picture of pathophysiologic function of activated human monocytes, this study used the serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) pro-cedureinlipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimu- lated human monocytes. A total of 35 874 tags corresponding to more than 12 000 different transcripts were sequenced. Comparison of gene expression proﬁle with that of resting monocytes revealed the LPS-inducible gene expression proﬁle. Many cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 a , IL-1 b , tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- a , macrophage inﬂammatory protein (MIP)-1 b , MIP-2 b , MIP-2 a ,liverandactivation-regulatedche-mokine (LARC), MIP-1 a , thymus and acti-vation-regulated chemokine (TARC), mac-rophage-derived chemokine (MDC), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), growth-regulated oncogene (GRO) a , and IL-8, were observed in the highest inducible transcripts. Other genes encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2), Hc-gp39, apolipoproteins, malate dehydrogenase, matrix metalloprotein-ase-9 (MMP-9), and cyclooxygenase (COX2) were also highly elevated in LPS-stimulated monocytes. Moreover, up-regulation of Naf1 b , IL-7 receptor, adenosine receptor A2a, and many novel genes was newly identiﬁed. These results suggest that the LPS-inducible gene products may be involved in cell activation and migration, angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, and metabolism, and thus may orchestrate the inﬂammatory reactions. On the other hand, the expression of numeroussetsofnovelgeneswasdiscov-ered to be down-regulated on LPS stimulation. This study represents the ﬁrst comprehensive analysis of LPS-inducible gene expression in human monocytes and provides tremendous novel information for the function of LPS-activated monocytes and targets for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating sepsis and various human infectious and inﬂammatory diseases. 2000;96:2584-2591)
Comparison of Mating Disruption and Insecticide Application for Control of Peachtree Borer and Lesser Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in Peach

Simple Summary The peachtree borer and lesser peachtree borer are destructive insect pests of peach and other stone fruit. Damage is caused by larval feeding on the vascular cambium, which reduces tree health and vigor and can lead to tree death. The traditional method to control these pests is with directed trunk sprays of the organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos. However, the ongoing review of pesticide tolerances mandated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) makes the option of future long-term use of chlorpyrifos uncertain. Mating disruption is an alternative method of control that uses synthetic sex pheromones to disrupt male mate-finding behavior and prevent mating. We conducted field studies to compare the efficacy of mating disruption and application of chlorpyrifos insecticide for control of this pest complex. Although our data indicated that mating disruption can provide growers with an effective non-chemical alternative to chlorpyrifos trunk sprays, several variables may affect its long-term success in West Virginia peach orchards; most notably the presence of high population densities of the pest species, problems with maintaining adequate pheromone coverage in orchards, and the need for area-wide implementation. Abstract The peachtree borer, Synanthedon exitiosa, and lesser peachtree borer, S. pictipes, are economically important indirect pests of peach in West Virginia. The purpose of this 3-year study was to compare the efficacy of mating disruption and post-harvest trunk sprays of chlorpyrifos insecticide for control of this pest complex in a commercial peach orchard. Overall, Isomate PTB-Dual disruption dispensers applied at a rate of 371/ha significantly disrupted the male mate-finding behavior of S. exitiosa and S. pictipes. In addition, the infestation of peach trees by S. exitiosa larvae did not vary significantly between mating disruption and insecticide treated plots. Hot-spot maps of S. exitiosa infestation showed significant spatial clusters of infestation predominately near the perimeter of all orchard plots, or where trees were missing within and/or between rows. The generation of standard deviational ellipses revelated that the location of S. exitiosa infestations in orchard plots remained relatively constant between years, and were generally oriented in a north and easterly direction, which coincided with the prevailing wind direction. Although our data indicated that mating disruption can provide growers with an effective non-chemical alternative to chlorpyrifos trunk sprays, several variables may affect its long-term success in West Virginia peach orchards; most notably the presence of high population densities, problems with maintaining adequate pheromone coverage, and the need for area-wide implementation.
Selection for Egg Mass in Different Social Environments 4. Selection Response in Phase I

Abstract Selection for part-year egg mass was carried out in replicated strains of White Leghorns within each of two social environments. Responses were measured as deviations from replicated, unselected control strains. Realized heritabilities averaged . 17 over the seven generations studied. Selection appeared to be equally effective when based on sire-family means whether sire families were separately housed or intermingled in floor-flock environments. Egg mass, measured as daily grams of egg produced per hen housed, increased as much for the full-year period as for the selection period, which began when pullets were 30 weeks old. Correlated responses occurred in terms of decreased age at sexual maturity, increased egg weight, and increased hen-housed rate of lay. Random genetic drift appeared to influence all traits studied. Relatively spacious floor pens and individual-hen cages were associated with essentially equal overall productivity, but 18-hen colony cages were stressful as indicated by large reductions in part and full-year egg mass, hen-housed rate of lay, percentage survival, and by increased age at sexual maturity. Adaptability to specific laying-house environments was not differentially influenced by selection on the basis of sire-family means when families were separately housed or intermingled in floor pens.
Mitigative effect of Momordica cymbalaria fruit extract against sodium fluoride induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar male albino rats

Abstract Objectives The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the mitigative effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Momordica cymbalaria fruits against sodium fluoride (NaF) induced hepatotoxicity. Methods In this study, Wistar male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of six rats each. Group I and II served as normal and toxic controls. Group III as plant control received extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg b. wt, p.o and Groups IV and V as treatment groups received extract at a dose 200 and 400 mg/kg b. wt, p.o for 30 days. All groups except Groups I and III received 100 ppm of NaF through drinking water. After completion of the study, blood collected for the estimation of liver blood serum biomarkers such as aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alanine aminotransferases (ALT), alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), direct and total bilirubin, total protein and albumin. The liver tissue homogenate was for estimation of lipid peroxidation, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels. Results The results showed that NaF intoxication caused elevation of liver blood serum levels and lipid peroxidation; decreased levels of serum total protein, albumin and liver reduced glutathione, and catalase observed. The treatment groups showed decreased elevated serum biomarkers (ALT, AST, and ALP), liver lipid peroxidation and increased serum total protein and albumin, liver reduced glutathione and catalase levels in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological studies also further strongly supported for mitigative effects of the plant. Conclusions In conclusion, our findings of the study indicated that M. cymbalaria fruits were a potential drug candidate in the treatment of NaF induced hepatotoxicity.
Foliar nutrient levels as indicators of site quality for Pinus patula in the Mpumalanga escarpment area

Synopsis The South African forest industry is based on intensively managed monoculture systems, and requires diagnostic tools for the development of site-related nutrient management policies. Worldwide, the evaluation of foliar nutrient concentrations is one of the most widely used techniques in forest nutrition research, with many different applications. This paper forms part of a comprehensive study of the differential nutrient supply offorest sites in the study area, as well as the effect thereof on the growth of Pinus patula. The aim of this paperis to investigate the complex interactions between site factors, absolute foliar nutrient levels and tree growth. The levels recorded in this study indicate that most elements are in adequate supply, with possible exceptions being nitrogen and calcium. A range of site factors was found to correlate significantly with foliar nutrient levels, including climatic parameters, topsoil cation levels, N mineralization rate and soil texture. The season of sampling was identified as an important source of variation in foliar nutrient concentrations, partly due to seasonal accumulation of carbohydrates in foliar tissue, causing a dilution effect. Correlations between foliar nutrient levels and tree growth were generally low in this study. Nutrient concentrations recorded during winter were found to be a more accurate indicator of tree growth than summer concentrations. However, the normalization of summer nutrient concentrations after correction for carbohydrate levels, provided an improved correlation with the growth of P. patula. This study can therefore contribute to the interpretation offoliar nutrient concentrations, nnd has the potential to form part of integrated systems for diagnosing nutrient-supply limitations.
Fingers hold spatial information that toes do not

Fingers have preferential associations with relative spatial locations. Tactile localisation is faster when the fingers are in these locations, such as when the index finger is in a relatively higher spatial position, and the thumb in a relatively lower position. However, it is unclear whether these associations are related to hands specifically, or are a more general characteristic of limbs. The present study therefore investigated whether toes have similar spatial associations. If these associations reflect the statistics of natural limb usage, very different patterns of association would be expected for the fingers and toes, given their different functional roles in daily behaviour. We measured reaction time (RT) and error rates of responses to tactile stimuli applied to the middle finger/toe or thumb/big toe, when they were positioned in a relative upper or lower location. We replicated the finding that fingers have preferential associations that facilitates localisation—RT and error rate were lower when the index finger was in the top position, and the thumb in the bottom position. We found that toes do not hold the same spatial information, though it remains unclear whether toes hold different spatial information or none at all. These results demonstrate spatial information held by the fingers is stronger and more reliable than for the toes, so is not a general characteristic of limbs, but possibly related to hand use.
Deprescribing in older people approaching end-of-life: development and validation of STOPPFrail version 2.

BACKGROUND Screening Tool of Older Persons Prescriptions in Frail adults with limited life expectancy (STOPPFrail) criteria were developed in 2017 to assist physicians with deprescribing decisions in older people approaching end-of-life. Updating was required to make the tool more practical, patient-centred and complete. METHODS a thorough literature review was conducted to, first, devise a practical method for identifying older people who are likely to be approaching end-of-life, and second, reassess and update the existing deprescribing criteria. An eight-member panel with a wide-ranging experience in geriatric pharmacotherapy reviewed a new draft of STOPPFrail and were invited to propose new deprescribing criteria. STOPPFrail version 2 was then validated using Delphi consensus methodology. RESULTS STOPPFrail version 2 emphasises the importance of shared decision-making in the deprescribing process. A new method for identifying older people who are likely to be approaching end-of-life is included along with 25 deprescribing criteria. Guidance relating to the deprescribing of antihypertensive therapies, anti-anginal medications and vitamin D preparations comprises the new criteria. CONCLUSIONS STOPPFrail criteria have been updated to assist physicians in efforts to reduce drug-related morbidity and burden for their frailest older patients. Version 2 is based on an up-to-date literature review and consensus validation by a panel of experts.
Better Safe Than Sorry: A Common Signature of General Vulnerability for Psychopathology

Several labels, such as neuroticism, negative emotionality, and dispositional negativity, indicate a broad dimension of psychopathology. However, largely separate, often disorder-specific research lines have developed that focus on different cognitive and affective characteristics that are associated with this dimension, such as perseverative cognition (worry, rumination), reduced autobiographical memory specificity, compromised fear learning, and enhanced somatic-symptom reporting. In this article, we present a theoretical perspective within a predictive-processing framework in which we trace these phenotypically different characteristics back to a common underlying “better-safe-than-sorry” processing strategy. This implies information processing that tends to be low in sensory-perceptual detail, which allows threat-related categorical priors to dominate conscious experience and for chronic uncertainty/surprise because of a stagnated error-reduction process. This common information-processing strategy has beneficial effects in the short term but important costs in the long term. From this perspective, we suggest that the phenomenally distinct cognitive and affective psychopathological characteristics mentioned above represent the same basic processing heuristic of the brain and are only different in relation to the particular type of information involved (e.g., in working memory, in autobiographical memory, in the external and internal world). Clinical implications of this view are discussed.
Do children’s expectations about future physical activity predict their physical activity in adulthood?

Abstract Background Much of the population fails to meet recommended physical activity (PA) levels, but there remains considerable individual variation. By understanding drivers of different trajectories, interventions can be better targeted and more effective. One such driver may be a person’s physical activity identity (PAI)—the extent to which a person perceives PA as central to who they are. Methods Using survey information and a unique body of essays written at age 11 from the National Child Development Study (N = 10 500), essays mentioning PA were automatically identified using the machine learning technique support vector classification and PA trajectories were estimated using latent class analysis. Analyses tested the extent to which childhood PAI correlated with activity levels from age 23 through 55 and with trajectories across adulthood. Results 42.2% of males and 33.5% of females mentioned PA in their essays, describing active and/or passive engagement. Active PAI in childhood was correlated with higher levels of activity for men but not women, and was correlated with consistently active PA trajectories for both genders. Passive PAI was not related to PA for either gender. Conclusions This study offers a novel approach for analysing large qualitative datasets to assess identity and behaviours. Findings suggest that at as young as 11 years old, the way a young person conceptualizes activity as part of their identity has a lasting association with behaviour. Still, an active identity may require a supportive sociocultural context to manifest in subsequent behaviour.
Constipation might be associated with risk of allergic rhinitis: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a burdensome respiratory disorder whose etiology and pathophysiology remain controversial and most likely multifactorial. Accumulated evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis contributes to AR via the gut-airway axis. Constipation could result in alteration of the intestinal microflora. The clinical impact of constipation on AR has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate the risk of AR in constipated patients using a nationwide longitudinal population-based cohort. Methods We identified 57786 patients with constipation and 57786 matched controls between 1999 and 2013 from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which is a subset of Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database. Propensity score analysis was used for matching age, sex, comorbidities, and medications at a ratio of 1:1. Multiple Cox regression and subgroup analyses were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio of AR. Results The incidence of AR was 32.2 per 1,000 person-years in constipated patients, which was twice that of non-constipated patients. After adjustment for patients’ age, gender, comorbidities, and medications, patients with constipation had a 2.3-fold risk of AR compared to those without constipation (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 2.30; 95% CI, 2.23–2.37). In subgroup analyses, patients aged 20–39 years had a 2.24-fold higher risk of AR in the constipation cohort (aHR; 95% CI, 2.12–2.36). Patients aged <20, 40–64, and ≥65 years had a 2.09, 2.05, and 2.07-fold risk of AR in the constipation cohort, respectively (aHR; 95% CI, 1.98–2.20, 1.94–2.18, and 1.92–2.23). Also, patients with constipation had a higher likelihood of AR, regardless of sex, and with or without comorbidities including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, and anxiety. Conclusion Constipation might be associated with an increased risk of incidental AR. It seems that physicians should keep a higher index of suspicion for AR in people with constipation. The patency issue of gut could not be ignored in patients with AR.