Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Carbon-Based Composites for Elastic Heaters and Effects of Hot Pressing in Thermal Transfer Process on Thermal and Electrical Properties

Wearable electronics are new structures with a wide range of possible applications. This study aims to analyze the effects of hot pressing in thermal transfer of different carbon-based composites as a new application method of screen-printed electronics on textiles. Flexible heaters were screen-printed on polyethylene terephthalate PET foil with composites based on graphene, carbon black, and graphite with different wt. %, measured and then hot pressed to measure and analyze differences. Research showed that the hot pressing process in thermal transfer resulted in decreased electrical resistance, increased power, and higher maximal temperatures. Best results were achieved with composites based on 12 wt. % graphene with sheet resistance lowered by about 40% and increased power by about 110%. This study shows promise for thermal transfer and screen-printing combination as an alternative for creating flexible electronics on textiles.
The eLSEwise vision, development routes and recommendations

eLSEwise is the acronym of ESPRIT project 20876 which investigated the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) needs of Large Scale Engineering (LSE) construction over the next 10 years. eLSEwise investigated the business needs related to market and client demands for change in the future delivery processes of LSE construction projects and how the constructors perceive their roles changing in response. It also undertook a state‐of‐the‐art review of the existing and emergent technologies. From these investigations eLSEwise then postulated a vision how LSE construction projects may be delivered in the future, fully utilizing the benefits of emergent technology to satisfy the business needs. The project also considered how companies may progress from their present condition towards this future view, leading to basic development strategy. This paper presents the eLSEwise views of such a future. These findings are presented in three parts: the eLSEwise vision, development routes and recommendations.
Inkjet Printed Organic Thin Film Transistors: Achievements and Challenges

Inkjet printing of organic thin film transistors is an enabling technology for many applications requiring low cost electronics such as RFID tags, sensors, e-paper, and displays. This review summarizes the achievements and remaining challendges in the field. An all inkjet printed organic thin film transistor is feasible, but manufacturability needs to be improved. Often, a hybrid process in which only some layers are inkjet printed is used. Development of devices requires optimization of (1) ink chemistry, (2) inkjet process, (3) substrate ink interaction, and (4) new device structures. Several conducting, dielectric and semiconducting materials have been used to formulate ink. It appears that metal nanoparticle based conducting ink and PEDOT:PSS are widely used materials to fabricate source, drain and gate electrodes. PVPh is the most popular dielectric material for inkjet printing. To print semiconducting layer, both polymers and oligomers/small molecules are used. Many high performance organic semiconductors are p-type, but few n-type organic semiconductors show excellent performance. In addition to improved materials, challenges inherent in the inkjet process also need solutions. These are registration, alignment of the source,and drain with gate, resolution, reducing off-state current, and roll-to-roll processing.
Incorporation of weather effects in transmission system models for composite system adequacy evaluation

This paper illustrates the development and analysis of several transmission system models which include varying weather conditions for composite system reliability assessment. The failure rate of an outdoor component can be much higher in stormy weather than that in normal weather periods. The probability of overlapping failures in stormy weather, therefore, can be much greater than that in normal weather periods. This phenomenon is often called `failure bunching' due to the fact that components are fully or partially exposed to a common weather condition. Several methods, designated as the constant weather model, the full Markov process approach, the 4-state approximate method and the line or area addition approach are presented. The impact of these weather models in composite generation and transmission system adequacy evaluation is examined and illustrated in this paper using the IEEE reliability test system.
Single Active Element Based Voltage-Mode Multifunction Filter

The paper presents a new voltage-mode multifunction filter. The proposed filter employs single modified fully differential second generation current conveyor (FDCCII), two grounded capacitors, and three resistors. The proposed circuit enjoys the employment of two grounded capacitors (attractive for absorbing shunt parasitic capacitance and ideal for IC implementation). The proposed circuit provides all five generic filter responses (low pass (LP), high pass (HP), band pass (BP), notch (NH), and all pass (AP) filter responses) simultaneously with single input. The novel proposed filter has low active and passive sensitivities. A number of time domain and frequency domain simulation results depicted through PSPICE using 0.18 µm TSMC process parameters are included to validate the theory. The proposed circuit is expected to enhance the existing knowledge on the subject.
A new STATCOM topology to compensate loads containing AC and DC components

The paper proposes a new topology of STATCOM that is capable of supplying AC and DC loads in 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems. In this, the authors utilize the method of instantaneous symmetrical components to extract the compensator reference currents that are then tracked in a hysteresis band current control mode. A suitable state space model of the STATCOM is derived. Based on this model, a single cycle control strategy is proposed and is shown to compensate for the drift in capacitor voltages due to DC components of load currents. The operation of the compensator has been verified through MATLAB simulation and detailed simulation results are given.
Compact antipodal Vivaldi antenna for UWB applications

A novel compact end-fire antipodal Vivaldi antenna is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications such as in radars, microwave imaging and in high data rate wireless systems. To make the antenna compact, a bending feed line structure and sinusoidal modulated Gaussian tapered slot is used. The proposed antenna has a reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB from 2 GHz to more than 12 GHz (more than 166% fractional bandwidth). The radiation characteristics show an end-fire radiation pattern in the operating frequency band with peak realised gain values in the range of 1.5−5.2 dBi. Time domain analysis shows that the antenna has good pulse handling capability with a high system fidelity factor.
Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Protocols and Systems

From the Publisher: The authoritative guide to the state of the art in ad hoc wireless networking. Reflects the field's latest breakthroughs Covers media access, routing, service discovery, multicasting, power conservation, transport protocol, and much more Includes a complete narration of prototype implementation with communication performance results from practical field trials Introduces key applications for home, business, auto, and defense "Ad hoc" wireless networks eliminate the complexities of infrastructure setup and administration, enabling devices to create and join networks "on the fly"-anywhere, anytime, for virtually any application. The field is rapidly coming of age, reflecting powerful advances in protocols, systems, and real-world implementation experience. In Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks, one of the field's leading researchers brings together these advances in a single consolidated and comprehensive archive. C.K. Toh covers all this, and more: Key challenges: device heterogeneity, diverse traffic profiles, mobility, and power conservation Routing protocols for ad hoc networks, including Associativity Based Routing (ABR) and other IETF MANET protocols Real-world implementation issues-including a complete prototype implementation Ad hoc wireless network performance: results obtained from the latest field trials Leading approaches to service discovery Addressing TCP over an ad hoc wireless network environment Support for multicast communications The role of Bluetooth and WAP Ad Hoc Mobile Wirelessapplication scenarios ranging from home and car to office and battlefield. C.K. Toh also introduces several of the field's leading projects, from Motorola's PIANO platform to UC Berkeley's "Smart Dust. " Whether you're a researcher, scientist, implementer, consultant, technical manager, CTO, or student, you won't find a more authoritative and comprehensive guide to the new state of the art in ad hoc networking.
DFT: A deep feature‐based semi‐supervised collaborative training for vehicle recognition in smart cities

Intelligent transport systems (ITS) is a popular field of research in smart city. Image‐based vehicle recognition is one of the most promising new techniques. The traditional appearance‐based method has some limitations in feature view. The machine learning algorithm can satisfy multiple feature views, but it mainly adopts an improved supervised learning method, which needs manual annotation and has low efficiency. The semi‐supervised collaborative training method is widely used in the image recognition process to improve machine learning algorithms' accuracy and generalization performance. This paper proposes DFT (deep feature‐based training) method for vehicle recognition in smart cities. DFT is also a semi‐supervised collaborative training method on basis of two base learners. DFT adjusts data pre‐processing and training process, optimizes the constructing a disagreement encoding network, and expands the recognition disagreement of pseudo‐labelled samples‐based training set. Compared with the typical collaborative training methods, DFT greatly accelerates the model's training process by reducing the convergence time, and improves the efficiency of vehicle recognition, while remaining the recognition accuracy unchanged.
Consideration of Weather Conditions to Estimate Missing Traffic Data

Estimating missing traffic data is an essential task for transportation agencies. Several imputation methods have been developed in the literature to estimate the missing traffic volumes. However, none have considered the variation in traffic patterns caused by severe winter weather conditions. Highway traffic volumes are highly influenced by weather conditions; therefore, a detailed investigation was carried out to develop relationships between weather and highway traffic volumes and to use them for reliable estimation of missing traffic volumes. The study was based on hourly traffic data from permanent traffic counter sites located on provincial highways of Alberta, Canada, using 11 years of data from 1995 to 2005. Weather data were obtained from Environment Canada weather stations located within 10 mi of the chosen permanent traffic counter sites. Cold and snowfall represented the winter conditions. Multiple regression analysis was used to develop relationships between hourly traffic volumes, categorized cold, and total snowfall. The study models showed a strong association between traffic volumes and weather conditions. Weekend traffic was more susceptible to weather than weekday traffic. In cases of extreme cold (≤25°C), the peak hours experienced fewer reductions in traffic (6% to 13%) than off-peak hours (10% to 17%). The amount of reduction in traffic volume caused by each centimeter of snowfall varied from 0.5% to 2.0%. The traffic–weather relationships developed were used to estimate missing hourly volumes. The errors were 30% to 75% less than the traditional methods used by highway agencies.
64Cu-ATSM Predicts Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy Associated with Cellular Antioxidant Capacity

Simple Summary Carbon ion radiotherapy is an emerging cancer treatment modality that has a greater therapeutic window than conventional photon radiotherapy. To maximize the efficacy of this extremely scarce medical resource, it is important to identify predictive biomarkers of higher carbon ion relative biological effectiveness (RBE) over photons. Here we show that the carbon ion RBE in human cancer cells correlates with the cellular uptake of 64Cu(II)-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) (64Cu-ATSM), a potential radioligand that reflects an over-reduced intracellular environment. High RBE/64Cu-ATSM cells show greater steady-state levels of antioxidant proteins and increased capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species in response to X-rays than low RBE/64Cu-ATSM counterparts. These data suggest that the cellular antioxidant activity is a possible determinant of carbon ion RBE predictable by 64Cu-ATSM uptake. Abstract Carbon ion radiotherapy is an emerging cancer treatment modality that has a greater therapeutic window than conventional photon radiotherapy. To maximize the efficacy of this extremely scarce medical resource, it is important to identify predictive biomarkers of higher carbon ion relative biological effectiveness (RBE) over photons. We addressed this issue by focusing on cellular antioxidant capacity and investigated 64Cu(II)-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) (64Cu-ATSM), a potential radioligand that reflects an over-reduced intracellular environment. We found that the carbon ion RBE correlated with 64Cu-ATSM uptake both in vitro and in vivo. High RBE/64Cu-ATSM cells showed greater steady-state levels of antioxidant proteins and increased capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species in response to X-rays than low RBE/64Cu-ATSM counterparts; this upregulation of antioxidant systems was associated with downregulation of TCA cycle intermediates. Furthermore, inhibition of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) sensitized high RBE/64Cu-ATSM cells to X-rays, thereby reducing RBE values to levels comparable to those in low RBE/64Cu-ATSM cells. These data suggest that the cellular activity of Nrf2-driven antioxidant systems is a possible determinant of carbon ion RBE predictable by 64Cu-ATSM uptake. These new findings highlight the potential clinical utility of 64Cu-ATSM imaging to identify high RBE tumors that will benefit from carbon ion radiotherapy.
The Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Bortezomib Resistant Multiple Myeloma

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable despite high-dose chemotherapy, autologous stem cell transplants and novel agents. Even with the improved survival of MM patients treated with novel agents, including bortezomib (Bz), the therapeutic options in relapsed/refractory MM remain limited. The majority of MM patients eventually develop resistance to Bz, although the mechanisms of the resistance are poorly understood. Methods: Lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A (LAMP2A) mRNA and protein expression levels were assessed in ex vivo patient samples and a Bz-resistant MM cell line model by in real-rime PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In vitro modelling of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) activity in response to ER stress were assessed by western blotting and confocal microscopy. The effects of CMA inhibition on MM cell viability and Bz sensitivity in MM cells were assessed by Annexin V/7AAD apoptosis assays using flow cytometry. Results: In this study, there is evidence that CMA, a chaperone-mediated protein degradation pathway, is upregulated in Bz-resistant MM and the inhibition of CMA sensitises resistant cells to Bz. The protein levels of LAMP2A, the rate-limiting factor of the CMA pathway, are significantly increased in MM patients resistant to Bz and within our Bz-resistant cell line model. Bz-resistant cell lines also possessed higher basal CMA activity than the Bz-sensitive parent cell line. In MM cell lines, CMA activity was upregulated in response to ER stress induced by Bz. The inhibition of CMA sensitises Bz-resistant cells to Bz and the combination of CMA inhibition and Bz in vitro had a more cytotoxic effect on myeloma cells than Bz alone. Conclusion: In summary, the upregulation of CMA is a potential mechanism of resistance to Bz and a novel target to overcome Bz-resistant MM.
Smart Cooperative Energy Supply Strategy to Increase Reliability in Residential Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems

In reliability studies of isolated energy supply systems for residential buildings, supply failures due to insufficient generation are generally analysed. Recent studies conclude that this kind of analysis makes it possible to optimally design the sizes of the elements of the generation system. However, in isolated communities or rural areas, it is common to find groups of dwellings in which micro-renewable sources, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, can be installed. In this situation, the generation and storage of several houses can be considered as an interconnected system forming a cooperative microgrid (CoMG). This work analyses the benefits that sharing two autonomous installations can bring to each one, from the point of view of reliability. The method consists of the application of a random sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) simulation to the CoMG to evaluate the impact of a simple cooperative strategy on the reliability of the set. The study considers random failures in the generation systems. The results show that the reliability of the system increases when cooperation is allowed. Additionally, at the design stage, this allows more cost-effective solutions than single sizing with a similar level of reliability.
Study Accompanying Phenomenas at the Cutting Zone during Drilling Austenitic Stainless Steel X02Cr20Ni8TiMo

The The basic hypothesis of this article focuses on the study of accompanying phenomenas in the cutting zone of the stainless steels, with regard to the elimination of occurrence of poor-quality holes when drilling into new austenitic ELC (Extra Low Carbon) stainless steels. The problem of drilling holes with diameter D=1 to 9 mm resides in the fact that 20 to 28 % of these holes do not comply with prescribed requested requirements. The result of the deformation is very often the unforeseen destruction of the cutting tools; therefore their operational tool life is reduced. This article presents the results of experiments focusing on the study of the plastic deformation of the chips, at drilling with diameter d=5 mm when drilling into a new austenitic ELC stainless steels. This study also includes an analysis of accompanying phenomena in the cutting zone by measuring some selected parameters. The results of the experiments were compared with Cr18Ni8 steel and then verified when drilling holes into specific products.
A dual‐frequency microstrip antenna based on an unbalanced composite right/left‐handed transmission line

An unbalanced composite right/left‐handed transmission line structure is used for the design of a novel dual‐frequency microstrip antenna operating at X band. It is shown that the antenna has a very similar performance in both the operating modes to that of a conventional microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with respect to radiating characteristics. Moreover, the measured −10 dB bandwidth and gain for the proposed antenna are improved. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 767–771, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23195
Soil Property Plays a Vital Role in Vegetation Drought Recovery in Karst Region of Southwest China

Southwest China is the world's largest continuous karst region, where drought events are expected to intensify in the future. Understanding the postdrought recovery of vegetation growth sheds light on the resilience and stability of ecosystems and is of great importance to the sustainable management. However, the effects of the soil properties, beyond the climate variations, on the vegetation postdrought recovery are often overlooked and remain unknown. In this study, we characterized both the patterns and the underlying processes governing the postdrought recovery trajectories of vegetation growth after extreme droughts in karst regions of southwest China. Linear mixed‐effects model analyses revealed that higher mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) preceding the spring/summer drought leads to shorter drought recovery time for both forests and grasslands, while opposite pattern appears in autumn/winter drought, particularly in forests. Significant effects of precipitation during recovery period were only found in grasslands but not in forests. More importantly, we discovered a crucial impact of the depth to bedrock on vegetation postdrought recovery in forests but not in grasslands, with deeper depth to bedrock associated to a shorter drought recovery. The field capacity is more important for postdrought recovery in karst regions than in nonkarst regions, which can be most likely attributed to differences in the water‐holding capacities and water use strategies of vegetation. Our understanding of the postdrought recovery of vegetation growth in karst regions will facilitate the reasonable prediction of ecosystem resilience and health to extreme climate events in such fragile ecological environments.
Teaching Maths within a Transmedia Learning Approach. What Is It and How Sustainable Can It Be?

This article addresses the concept of transmedia learning proposed by Jenkins from the perspective of the teaching–learning of mathematics and the sustainability of this type of processes. To this purpose, a scoping review of the literature has been carried out on the Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC, Dialnet and Google Scholar databases. The research process started with a total of 42 scientific documents, and after the corresponding selection process, a total of 14 documents were obtained. From the analysis of the selected documents, it was found that the teaching–learning transmedia learning processes in mathematics tend to be simple and aimed at a very young audience (usually children). Furthermore, most of them are aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4 concept of quality education. However, if sustainability is analysed from a more environmental perspective, none of them make explicit mention of it, although they tend to make responsible use of material resources.
A T-shaped piezoelectric cantilever for fluid energy harvesting

This paper proposes a T-shaped piezoelectric cantilever for generating electric power from fluid flow. The working principle of the device is based on aeroelastic flutter and utilizes a bimorph cantilever with T-shape which hastens occurrence of flutter at a low fluid speed. A prototype device (100×60×30 mm3) was tested in a wind tunnel. The device was found to provide power from a wind speed of 4 m/s and a continuous peak electrical power output of 4.0 mW. The simplicity of the present device consisting of only a bimorph cantilever is considered to be cost effective.