Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined-complex Decongestive Therapy Reduces Volume and Improves Quality of Life and Functional Status in Patients with Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), in regard to volume reduction, functional status and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Fifty patients with unilateral BCRL were included. The demographic variables focusing on lymphedema were recorded. All patients received combined phase 1 CDT including skin care, manual lymphatic drainage, multilayer bandaging and supervised exercises, five times a week for three weeks, as a total of 15 sessions. Patients were assessed by limb volumes and excess volumes according to geometric approximation derived from serial circumference-measurements of the limb, prior and at the end of third week. The functional disability was evaluated by quick disability of arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (DASH). Quality of life was assessed by the European Organization forResearch and Treatment of Cancer Core Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30) and its breast cancer module (EORTC-QLQ-BR23­). Results: Fifty females with mean age of 53.22±11.2 years were included. The median duration of lymphedema was 12 months. There were 22 patients in stage1, 26 in stage2 and 2 patients in stage3. The mean baseline limb and excess volumes were significantly decreased at the end of therapies (3262±753cm³ vs 2943±646.6cm³ and 31.36±16.5% vs 19.12±10.4%, p=0.000,respectively). The DASH and EORTC-QLQ-C30 and BR23 scores were also decreased significantly (p<0.05). The improvements in volumes were related negatively with the duration of lymphedema,and the stage of lymphedema. Conclusion: In conclusion phase 1CDT in a combined manner performed daily for 3 weeks, greatly reduces the volumes as well as improves the disability and QoL, especially when performed earlier.
Development of Stress Equations of Jointed Concrete Pavement using Finite Element Method

A pavement structure analysis model plays a very important role which can correlate input variables to performance models. In this research, a standard shell element model was developed by use of the ABAQUS program so that behaviors of concrete pavements be analyzed. The model was verified in terms of its accuracy by way of comparing the results to those gathered from closed-form Solutions, the Everfe program, and the ABAQUS program with a solid model. Many input variables were analyzed in the model, and the results were stored in a database. Based on the SPSS program, stress equations with respect to temperature and curling effects were developed. All models gave over 0.90 of R2 value except the case considering top-down curling (R2=0.86)
Quieting the mind: aspects of neuroscience in reconciliation

The reconciliation of conflicting parties by the mediator has to deal with high levels of emotional arousal. She or he has to lower these levels for reconciliation to succeed. In this paper two approaches to accomplish this and to quiet the mind are presented, a Buddhist one (anapanasati) and a Western one (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, commonly known as MBSR). In order for the mediator to comprehend emotional arousal and the practices of quieting the mind, some underlying aspects of neuroscience are discussed, specifically, the prefrontal cortex and the limbic system. In contrast to mindfulness-based stress reduction, anapanasati, in its definition of mindfulness as well as in its practice, seems compatible with neuroscience. Recommendations are made to the mediator to facilitate the process of reconciliation.
Extraction of frequency-dependent electrical characteristics of biological tissues using ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulse

There have been many important contributions to imaging for biomedical applica tions. The most popular methods include X-ray mammography, magnetic resonance im aging (MRI), ultrasound, and most recently, microwave imaging. While the first three of these have been used for biomedical applications for over three decades, microwave im aging has seen many developments over the last few years. This is primarily due to the large contrast in electrical parameters between different body tissues (including differ ences between healthy and diseased tissues) at microwave frequencies. There are also vast improvements possible for the comfort of the patient undergoing such imaging as compared to mammography. However, there has been no relevant work to date on extrac tion of the electrical characteristics of tissues within a living patient. Rather, all of the work in the field of microwave imaging has focused on utilizing the vast contrast in elec trical parameters to create an image of internal body structures. The electrical properties of human body tissues can be considered as non magnetic, lossy, frequency-dependent dielectrics in the general case. All that is needed to fully describe these tissues is the frequency-dependent complex relative permittivity. The present work focuses on a unique application of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar to extract the frequency-dependent electrical properties of tissues modeled as multiple layers of di electric regions. By applying an incident pulse to this series of dielectric regions, and by analyzing the reflected signals, the electrical characteristics can be extracted. The results can be expressed in terms of frequency-dependent relative permittivity and conductivity. This work focuses on the time-domain processing to determine the thickness of dielectric
Operations and maintenance manual for a scale-model lunar roving vehicle

A one-sixth scale model of the lunar roving vehicle used in the Apollo 15 mission was built and instrumented to conduct model studies of vehicle mobility. The model was free running under radio control and was equipped with a lightweight telemetry transmitter that allowed 16 channels of data to be gathered simultaneously. String payout and fifth-wheel devices were developed to measure vehicle velocity. Other real-time measurements included wheel torque, wheel speed, center-of-gravity accelerations, and steering forces. Calibration, operations, and maintenance procedures were worked out. Details of the development of the instrumentation, its maintenance, and some of the problems encountered, are recorded serve as a preliminary operations and maintenance manual for this specific model. In addition, information regarding soil processing and testing that may be useful to NASA personnel planning mobility research with the model in soil is furnished.
Language emergence

In the 1950s, research ers thought that children learn language through imitat ion, guided by principles of shaping and rein forcement (Skinner, 1957). By the end of the decade, the new information-processing psychology (Newell & Simon, 1972) and the rapidly growing theory of generative grammar (Chomsky & Halle, 1968) were challenging this view. These new par adigms expressed the complexities of human behavior not as links between habits, bu t as complex systems of interlocking rules. The power achieved by these systems re lied on the ability of the modeler to stipulate the right set of rules in terms of their elements, combinations, and patterns of rule orderings. The successes of these stipulative systems can be attributed to the precision of their formulation and the xpressiveness of the formal production system language on which they relied (Hopcroft & Ullman, 1979). Stipulative rule systems promoted the articulation of enormous cognitive architectures of seemingly impossible complexity (MacWhinney, 1994). As these systems grew in complexity, testing the empirical grounding of their individual components be came increasingly impossible. Through its descriptive successes, stipulationism ended up sewing the seeds of its own conceptual destruction.
Uncertainty-based inference of a common cause for body ownership

Many studies have investigated the contributions of vision, touch, and proprioception to body ownership, i.e., the multisensory perception of limbs and body parts as our own. However, the computational processes and principles that determine subjectively experienced body ownership remain unclear. To address this issue, we developed a detection-like psychophysics task based on the classic rubber hand illusion paradigm, where participants were asked to report whether the rubber hand felt like their own (the illusion) or not. We manipulated the asynchrony of visual and tactile stimuli delivered to the rubber hand and the hidden real hand under different levels of visual noise. We found that: (1) the probability of the emergence of the rubber hand illusion increased with visual noise and was well predicted by a causal inference model involving the observer computing the probability of the visual and tactile signals coming from a common source; (2) the causal inference model outperformed a non-Bayesian model involving the observer not taking into account sensory uncertainty; (3) by comparing body ownership and visuotactile synchrony detection, we found that the prior probability of inferring a common cause for the two types of multisensory percept was correlated but greater for ownership, which suggests that individual differences in rubber hand illusion can be explained at the computational level as differences in how priors are used in the multisensory integration process. These results imply that the same statistical principles determine the perception of the bodily self and the external world.
Attribute-centred theorizing to address behavioural changes

Abstract Despite the importance of behaviours in promoting health and wellness, persuading people to adopt and sustain healthy behaviours remains a significant public health challenge. Considerable progress has been made in developing and testing theories about the personal, social, environmental and structural drivers of behaviours. However, theorizing about behaviours themselves has remained elusive, as evidenced by the absence of a widely accepted taxonomy of behaviours. By carefully examining the nature of behaviours, practitioners and researchers can identify the most effective ways to promote behavioural change. We propose attribute-centred theorizing as an approach for defining behaviours based on their relevant properties, which can then assist in developing a taxonomy of behaviours and theorizing about them. Behaviours differ because of their underlying properties; for example, some behaviours are addictive, others are publicly observable and others are expensive. Addictiveness, privacy and cost are therefore three (of the many) attributes relevant for theorizing about behaviours. We describe a framework for operationalizing attribute-centred theorizing, which includes generating behavioural attributes, verifying and testing those attributes, and constructing a behavioural matrix to inform campaigns or interventions. We illustrate this framework using the examples of Guinea-worm disease and cardiovascular diseases. The benefits of our approach include the ability to inform intervention development and the ability to generalize across different behaviours; however, more research on converting the behavioural matrix into actual policy is needed.
Music and low-frequency vibrations for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain in elderly: A pilot study

Background Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation has analgesic potential and might be elicited by abdominally administered low-frequency vibrations. The objective was to study the safety and effect of a combination of music and abdominally administered low-frequency vibrations on pain intensity in elderly patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods This trial was an international multicenter, randomized controlled pilot study. Patients at age ≥ 65 years with musculoskeletal pain for ≥ 3 months and a daily pain score ≥ 4 out of 10 were recruited at three centers. They were randomized to receive either a combination of music and low-frequency (20–100 Hz) vibrations administered to the abdomen, or a combination with the same music but with higher frequency (200–300 Hz) vibrations administered to the abdomen. Low-frequency vibrations were expected to result in pain reduction measured with a numeric pain rating scale (NRS). Patients in both groups received eight treatments of the music combined with the vibrations in three weeks. Primary outcomes were safety (Serious Adverse Events) and pain intensity measured at baseline, after the last treatment and at six weeks follow-up. Multilevel linear model analyses were performed to study group and time effects. Results A total of 45 patients were analyzed according to intention-to-treat principle. After 344 treatments, 1 Adverse Event was found related to the intervention, while 13 Adverse Events were possibly related. A multilevel linear model showed that the interaction effect of group by time did not predict pain intensity (F[1, 45.93] = 0.002, p = 0.97) when comparing pain intensity at baseline, after the last treatment and at follow-up. Conclusions The combination of music and abdominally administered vibrations was found to be safe and well tolerated by the elderly patients. However, over time, neither the low-frequency treatment group nor the high-frequency treatment group provided clinically meaningful pain relief. There is no evidence that the low-frequency treatment elicited vagal nerve stimulation. Trial registration The trial was prospectively registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR: NL7606) on 21-03-2019.
The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 during the first wave in Europe 2020: A systematic review

Background A year following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, new infections and deaths continue to increase in Europe. Serological studies, through providing evidence of past infection, can aid understanding of the population dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Objectives This systematic review of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies in Europe was undertaken to inform public health strategies including vaccination, that aim to accelerate population immunity. Methods We searched the databases Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and grey literature sources for studies reporting seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Europe published between 01/12/2019–30/09/20. We provide a narrative synthesis of included studies. Studies were categorized into subgroups including healthcare workers (HCWs), community, outbreaks, pregnancy and children/school. Due to heterogeneity in other subgroups, we only performed a random effects meta-analysis of the seroprevalence amongst HCWs stratified by their country. Results 115 studies were included spanning 17 European countries, that estimated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 from samples obtained between November 2019 –August 2020. A total of 54/115 studies included HCWs with a reported seroprevalence among HCWs ranging from 0.7% to 45.3%, which did not differ significantly by country. In community studies significant heterogeneity was reported in the seroprevalence between different age groups and the majority of studies reported there was no significant difference by gender. Conclusion This review demonstrates a wide heterogeneity in reported seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies between populations. Continued evaluation of seroprevalence is required to understand the impact of public health measures and inform interventions including vaccination programmes.
Long-term evaluation of liquid vs. granular nitrogen fertilization on creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stoloniferous L. var. palustris Huds.] and hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] performance

Limited turfgrass research comparing the efficiency of foliar to granular fertilizers exists. To expand upon previous research and to determine advantages and disadvantages between dry and liquid fertilizers applied to turf, research was conducted at Clemson University to compare the efficiency of three nitrogen (N) carriers (100% granular, 100% liquid, and 50% granular + 50% liquid) using annual N rates ranging from 98 to 390 kg ha on growth and performance of creeping bentgrass and ultra-dwarf bermudagrass. Studies were conducted in 2003 and 2004 to evaluate liquid and/or granular N fertilization on turfgrass quality, clipping yield, and root biomass of L-93 creeping bentgrass [Agrostis palustris (Hud.)] and TifEagle bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (l.) x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy]. Treatments consisted of two annual nitrogen inputs, 127 and 190 kg ha for bentgrass and 190 and 254 kg ha for bermudagrass, using 100% granular fertilizer, 50% granular + 50% liquid fertilizer, or 100% liquid fertilizer. For bentgrass, the highest turfgrass quality ratings were achieved with the high N rate applied as 100% liquid. Clipping yield was greatest with 100% liquid in August 2004, while 100% granular produced greater clipping yield in August 2005. In June, 100% liquid produced greater percent clipping N compared to 50% liquid + 50% granular and 100% granular, while in August the 100% granular produced greater percent clipping N compared to 100% liquid.
Multiple Intelligence Focusing on Practical Subjects among Final Year Students of School of Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

This study was conducted to identify the significant differences between female students and male students who took the workshop's practical subjects. Therefore, three objectives of the study are to identify the multiple intelligences among students, the dominant of multiple intelligence in the workshop's practical subjects and to identify the significant differences between multiple intelligences and the gender of the 4th year student from School of Education, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in the subject practical workshop. The design of this study is a descriptive study using quantitative data. In this study, the population identified consists of 204 4th year students of the School of Education, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities who attended the Bachelor of Technology with Education in Mechanical Engineering (SPPJ), Buildings (SPPQ), Electrical and Electronic (SPPR) and Living Skills (SPPH). A total of 180 samples were identified based on sampling formula and the instrument used was a set of questionnaire with reliability value of α = 0.86 which contained 48 items in part B based on multiple intelligence and respondent demographic in part A. The study data was processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS version 25 to get the results of the study in the form of descriptive analysis like percentage, frequency, mean score and standard deviation while inference analysis with independent Ttest to find mean difference between gender. The findings show that each student has more than one intelligence for each respondent and the intelligence of Naturalist, Intrapersonal, Verbal Linguistics and Kinestatic Body is the dominant intelligence of the students. In addition, the findings showed that there was no significant difference between the multiple intelligences and the gender of the students. In conclusion, intelligence varies by individual and is unrelated to gender and intelligence can be enhanced through education and experience
The Sandmeier Field Goniometer: A Measurement Tool for Bi-Directional Reflectance

Recent activities at the Remote Sensing Program at Stennis Space Center have identified the need to properly verify and validate data provided by the remote sensing community. One important variable, which effects remote sensing data is bi-directional reflectance distribution (BRDF). In order to quantify the effects of BRDF on man-made and natural ground targets, the Stennis Verification & Validation (V&V) team commissioned the Systems Engineering Division at NASA Ames Research Center to develop a Field Goniometer for use at the V&V Large Target Range and for various ground truthing missions. The Swiss Field Goniometer (FIGOS) was used as a benchmark instrument to design the new state of the art Sandmeier Field Goniometer (SGF), named after Stefan Sandmeier, developer of FIGOS. After establishing requirements for the SFG, design efforts began in early May 1998. The design of the SFG was completed in September 1998. Manufacturing, construction, and testing was completed in May 1999. The SFG was shipped to NASA SSC and fully operational by June 1999.
Turbulence modeling in CFD simulation of intake manifold for a 4 cylinder engine

Air motion inside the intake manifold is one of the paramount factors, which govern the engine performance of multi-cylinder petrol engines. Hence the flow phenomenon inside the intake manifold should be fully understood in order to consider the current requirement of higher engine efficiency. In this paper, the internal flow characteristics in the intake manifold of a four cylinder petrol engine is investigated computationally and variation of engine parameters with RPM is analyzed. The model is also validated with experimental results available in literature. INTRODUCTION To optimize an IC engine, one of the foremost factors is proper breathing of the engine [1] and this is implemented through a good intake manifold design. The intake manifold pressure determines the mass flow rates into the cylinder and hence the geometry of runners play important role. Intake manifold pressure is again a strong function of RPM and thus both mass flow rate and volumetric efficiency (VE) depends on the RPM [1]. The engine used for the study is MARUTI SUZUKI WAGON R 1061 cc MPFI with fourcylinder inline. A scaled 3D geometry of intake manifold of the engine was created in CATIA. Grid was generated using meshing software ICEM CFD. The governing equations of steady, three dimensional, incompressible and turbulent flow were solved with the standard k-epsilon (2 equations) model in ANSYS FLUENT. This model was selected to capture the mixing of air in plenum and complexity of flow in the natural process of flow inside the branched manifold [2]. The variation of runner outlet pressure with plenum volume was analyzed. Other papers have also presented the effect of plenum volume on performance of engines. But the engine under study is a 4 Cylinder medium performance engine unlike other high performance or heavy duty engines studied. The engine performance with variation in ambient temperatures has also been previously studied on other engines [3]. This paper also investigates the variation of runner outlet pressure with wide range of density i.e. ambient temperature. NOMENCLATURE ρ [kg/m 3 ] Density of the air entering the manifold. k [J/kg] Turbulent Kinetic Energy per unit mass. μt [Ns/m 2 ] Dynamic Turbulent Viscosity. ɛ [m 2 /s 3 ] Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate. ui [m/s] Instantaneous velocity in xi direction. η [-] Volumetric efficiency. ṁ [kg/s] Mass flow rate. V [m 3 ] Engine Displacement Volume. N [RPS] Revolution per second of engine. Subscripts: k Denotes turbulent kinetic energy term. ɛ Denotes dissipation term. t Denotes turbulent term. NUMERICAL SETUP The standard k-epsilon model is used for the study. The turbulence kinetic energy (k) equation:
Work Values and Emotional Intelligence Determinants of Career Commitment among Generation Y in the Indonesian Banking Industry

This article examines the relationship between work values, emotional intelligence, and career commitment in the Indonesian banking industry. Generation Y have different characteristics, behaviours, and views than previous generations. This cohort is highly expressive and confident but lacks career commitment. If Generation Y individuals feel their career expectations are not met, they change careers easily. A pilot test of 50 Generation Y respondents in Mandiri Bank, Jakarta was performed. Questionnaire data was collected and analysed using correlation and regression analyses. The results showed that work values influence their career commitment while emotional intelligence does not. Implications of the findings are discussed.