Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical Forms and Phytoavailability of Copper in Soil as Affected by Crop Residues Incorporation

Preceding crops as a source of organic matter are important sources of micronutrient and can play an important role in the soil fertility and soil cycling of micronutrients. In addition to the role of the organic matter in increasing the concentration of micronutrients in soil solution, attention should be also paid to the role of the kind and the quantity of the root’s exudates released in response to the incorporation of different plant residues in the rhizosphere. Present research was conducted with the objective of studying the effect of the kind of preceding crops: Trifolium (Trifolium pretense L) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L) on chemical forms of copper (Cu) in solid phases of a calcareous soil in a completely randomized block field experiment with split plot (3 m × 5 m) arrangement, consisting of 3 replications and 3 treatments. After incorporation of the residue, wheat (genotype back cross) was planted. After harvesting the wheat, soil samples were collected from root zone of wheat. Selected soil properties and chemical forms of Cu were determined in the solid phases of the soil samples. Incorporation of plant residues significantly increased the concentration of DTPA-extractable Cu, in the soil. The highest effect was obtained for Trifolium treatment. Incorporation of plant residues decreased the carbonate-bound Cu (Cu-Carb) fraction in the solid phase and increased oxide-bound Cu (Cu-Ox) as compared to the control (fallow treatment). Fraction of organic-bound Cu (Cu-Org) in the soil increased with incorporation of plant residues as compared with the fallow treatment. Trifolium was the most effective in increasing Cu-Org. Cu-Ox and Cu-Residual (Cu-Res) forms showed a significant negative correlation and Cu-Org showed a significant positive correlation with the concentration of DTPA-extractable Cu. Incorporation of Trifolium residues decreased the fraction (%) of Cu-Carb and Cu-Ox (less soluble forms) and consequently increased the fraction (%) of Cu-Org which in turn elevated the concentration of DTPA-extractable Cu. Trifolium was the most effective in increasing the phytoavailability of Cu in soil.
Utilizing Geographic Information System as a Tool for Pavement Management System

Pavement management systems (PMS) have evidenced to become an essential and valuable tool for highway agencies in quantifying the overall pavement maintenance needs and presenting the alternative maintenance plans under budget limitations. An essential phase of the development of a PMS is to collect, manage and analyse the pavement condition data, containing various structural and functional distresses, in considerably detailed format. Recently, the infusion of the new spatial technologies such as Geographic Information System- GIS has enhanced the PMS development and implementation efforts. The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a tool for the PMS, as a first attempt, in Amman-Jordan.
Interpretability and Complexity of Design in the Creation of Fuzzy Logic Systems — A User Study

In recent years, researchers have become increasingly more interested in designing an interpretable Fuzzy Logic System (FLS). Many studies have claimed that reducing the complexity of FLSs can lead to improved model interpretability. That is, reducing the number of rules tends to reduce the complexity of FLSs, thus improving their interpretability. However, none of these studies have considered interpretability and complexity from human perspectives. Since interpretability is of a subjective nature, it is essential to see how people perceive interpretability and complexity particularly in relation to creating FLSs. Therefore, in this paper we have investigated this issue using an initial user study. This is the first time that a user study has been used to assess the interpretability and complexity of designs in relation to creating FLSs. The user study involved a range of expert practitioners in FLSs and received a diverse set of answers. We are interested to see whether, from the perspectives of people, FLSs are necessarily more interpretable when they are less complex in terms of their design. Although the initial user study is based on small samples (i.e., 25 participants), nevertheless this research provides initial insight into this issue that motivates our future research.
Wave run-up on a high-energy dissipative beach

[1] Because of highly dissipative conditions and strong alongshore gradients in foreshore beach morphology, wave run-up data collected along the central Oregon coast during February 1996 stand in contrast to run-up data currently available in the literature. During a single data run lasting approximately 90 min, the significant vertical run-up elevation varied by a factor of 2 along the 1.6 km study site, ranging from 26 to 61% of the offshore significant wave height, and was found to be linearly dependent on the local foreshore beach slope that varied by a factor of 5. Run-up motions on this high-energy dissipative beach were dominated by infragravity (low frequency) energy with peak periods of approximately 230 s. Incident band energy levels were 2.5 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than the low-frequency spectral peaks and typically 96% of the run-up variance was in the infragravity band. A broad region of the run-up spectra exhibited an f -4 roll off, typical of saturation, extending to frequencies lower than observed in previous studies. The run-up spectra were dependent on beach slope with spectra for steeper foreshore slopes shifted toward higher frequencies than spectra for shallower foreshore slopes. At infragravity frequencies, run-up motions were coherent over alongshore length scales in excess of 1 km, significantly greater than decorrelation length scales on moderate to reflective beaches.
Consistency of extended Nelson-Siegel curve families with the Ho-Lee and Hull and White short rate models

Nelson and Siegel curves are widely used to fit the observed term structure of interest rates in a particular date. By the other hand, several interest rate models have been developed such their initial forward rate curve can be adjusted to any observed data, as the Ho-Lee and the Hull and White one factor models. In this work we study the evolution of the forward curve process for each of these models assuming that the initial curve is of Nelson-Siegel type. We conclude that the forward curve process produces curves belonging to a parametric family of curves that can be seen as extended Nelson and Siegel curves. We show that the forward rate curve evolution has a linear or an exponential growth, depending on the particular short rate interest model. We applied the results to Argentinian short and forward rates obtained from the Lebac’s bills yields using the Hull and White short rate model, showing a good estimation of the observed forward rate curve for near dates when the initial forward curve is adjusted with a Nelson and Siegel one.
A Study for Entropy Generation of a Heat Transfer Fluid containing Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials

Present research work provides an entropy generation analysis due to flow and heat transfer in a slurry containing Microencapsulated Phase Change Material (MPCM) and multiwalled carbon nanotube based nanofluid. The arrengement consider for the study was slurry flowing through a channel under laminar and turbulent regime with constant heat flux conditions. The effects of specific heat, thermal conductivity and viscosity were considered using proposed theoretical and experimental models. Results comparing entropy generation of the slurry compared with the base fluid are presented. The effects of microencapsulated phase change material and multiwalled carbon nanotubes mass fractions are studied and an optimal proportion with minimal entropy generation is presented.
FUNDAMENTALS AND USE OF HYDROGEN AS A FUEL

The two most important environmental hazards faced byhumankind today are air pollution and global warming. Bothhave a direct link with our current overdependence on fossilfuels. Pollutants produced from combustion ofhydrocarbons now cause even more health problems dueto the urbanization of world population. The net increase inenvironmental carbon dioxide from combustion is a suspectcause for global warming, which is endangering the Earth—the only known place to support human life. In addition,the import of expensive hydrocarbon fuel has become aheavy burden on many countries, causing political andeconomic unrest. If we look at the past 2000 years’ historyof fuels, usage has consistently moved in the direction of acleaner fuel: wood ’! coal ’! petroleum ’! propane ’! methane.With time, the fuel molecule has become smaller, leaner incarbon, and richer in hydrogen. The last major move was tomethane, which is a much cleaner burn than gasoline. Ourfuture move is expected to be to hydrogen, which has thepotential to solve both the environmental hazards faced byhumankind. Through its reaction with oxygen, hydrogenintensely releases energy in combustion engines or quietlyreleases it in fuel cells to produce water as its only by-product. There is no emission of smoke, CO, CO2, NOx,SOx, or O3. In fact, the health costs for urban populationscan be reduced by switching to hydrogen automobiles.Hydrogen can be produced from water using a variety ofenergy sources including solar, wind, nuclear, biomass,petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Since renewable energysources (solar, wind, and/or biomass) are available in allparts of the world, all countries will have access to hydrogenfuel. Hence, a greater democratization of energy resourceswill occur. Also the use of solar, wind, or biomass inproducing hydrogen does not add to environmental CO2.
Family Burden and Health Related Quality of Life of HIV Infected Individuals in Madurai, South India

Introduction: With the advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in 1996, HIV-infected patients are living longer and are concerned not only with treatment’s ability to extend their life butalso with the quality of the life they are able to lead, because, efficacy of treatment is strongly relatedto meaningful outcome i.e., better Quality of Life. Especially Health related quality of life has not been studied well. Hence, this study was necessitated with the objectives to evaluate Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in HIV infected persons on ART. The secondary objectives were to assess the family burden experienced by the families of HIV infected, and measure influence of family burden on overall quality of life. Methodology: The HIV infected individuals who were started on treatment six months prior to date of interview were considered for the study The SF36 (Short Form with 36 questions) was used to evaluate function and mental Health while Pai and Kapur’s Family Burden Interview schedule was used to assess family burden. Interview schedule was pre-tested on 10 HIV infected individuals for consistency. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 11 (SPSS inc. Chicago, IL, USA). Pearson product moment Correlation were computed to explore the relationships of SF36 with SLI, Family Burden and BMI. Further, Independent student “t” – test was performed to see the association between HRQoL and gender. Results: Of 91 participants interviewed 51.6% were women. Median age (years) of the respondents was 33. The overall mean score for Physical health was 45.13 SD (12.40) and for Mental health 56.91 SD (15.52). Age of HIV infected persons had significant influence in scores in social functioning (p-value .015), emotional well being scores (.015), and Mental health (.010). Socio life Index was directly related to physical health, mental health, Vitality, social functioning and emotional scores on HRQoL. Physicalhealth score was negatively affected by the Family burden score. Similarly, BMI status of the respondents correlated with Mental health, Body Pain, Vitality and Role emotional scores of HRQoL scale SF 36. Conclusion: Socio Life Index and BMI appear to be the two important predictors of HRQoL. Therefore, special attention may be required to HIV infected persons with lower SLI and BMI. Nutritional supplements, in addition to ART drugs, may be provided to ensure some improvements in physical functioning. SAARC J TUBER LUNG DIS HIV/AIDS , 2016; XIII(1), Page: 1-8
Multi-Document Summarization in Cross-Language Text

We try to summarize multiple documents translated from Japanese to Korean in TSC3. For summarizing multiple documents translated by a machine translator, we identify important sentences, and detect redundancy using an improved term-weighting method. It assigns weights to words, using syntactic information. According to the score of the extracted sentence, we choose sentences, and map them to Japanese sentences in original documents. Finally, we arrange them in chronological order, and report them as the result of our system. We submitted both a short and long type of summary, and the evaluation of our results showed the possibility of cross-language multidocument summarization.
Development of a machine vision system for weed mapping

The objective of this work was to develop a machine vision for weed mapping in a field irrigated by a center pivot. The system was composed by two digital cameras and a DGPS. One camera acquired color images and another near-infrared (NIR) images from the same scene, and the DGPS saved the position of that scene. The DGPS position was assumed to be in the center of the image. Sample images of the field were acquired in a specific grid. The images were processed for estimation of weed infestation at each position. The green excess index and the ratio of near-infrared and red bands were used to enhancing the weeds and crops. The crop rows were detected by Hough Transform, and plants between rows were assumed to be weeds. An algorithm was developed with LabView software to do all the image processing and obtain the weed infestation results. Once the weed infestation georeferenced grid was built, it was possible to obtain maps using spatial statistics techniques. The system was tested in a 0.8 hectare center pivot irrigating black beans, half the area being in a tillage seeding system and the other half in a no-tillage. A total of 150 images of each tested spectral band were acquired to produce the maps. The developed algorithm was capable to produce weed spatial variability maps for both seeding systems using both cameras. The color images were more adequate to detect the weed infestation in both seeding areas than the NIR images.
A Methodology to Evaluate Fiscal Incentives for Promoting Investment of Pioneer Industries: A Case Study

The fiscal incentives are one way that has been actively applied in developed and developing countries in an effort to develop the industrial sector. Indonesia became one of the countries that implement fiscal incentives, one of which is a tax holiday. This fiscal incentive is expected to boost investments in infrastructure, attract increased numbers of foreign investors, and ramp up resource based manufacturing industries. The Minister of Industry and Indonesian Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM), as the government institutions that evaluate and have the authority to provide recommendations on the realization of any proposal fiscal incentives, recommendations on the length of the implementation of the tax exemption becomes important to be attentive. The financial statements for seven scenarios are approached to examine the relationships between investment returns with the different period of the tax exemptions. This recommendation on how long a corporate taxpayer shall be granted an exemption of their corporate income tax has been done.
PERUVIAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION Privatization and Nationalization Cycles

This paper studies the cycles of nationalization and privatization in resource-rich economies. It starts with a discussion of available evidence on the drivers and consequences of privatization and nationalization. Then it develops a static and dynamic model of the choice between private and national regimes for the ownership of natural resources. In the model, the choice is driven by a basic equality-effi ciency tradeoff: national ownership results in more redistribution of income and more equality but undermines incentives for effort. The resolution of the tradeoff depends on external and domestic conditions that affect social welfare under each regime. We characterize how external variables —such as the commodity price— and domestic ones —such as the tax system—affect the choice of private vs. national regimes. Our analysis therefore identifies the determinants of the observed cycles of privatization and nationalization and is consistent with key stylized facts.
Discovering the capabilities of ageing persons who are born abroad: crossing norms, moving health promotion forward

To improve the possibilities for the whole population to take control over their health is an important goal for health promotion and public health. Yet, with improved possibilities for international migration and extended life spans, there are more and more people who are considered less capable to reach such a goal. Current normative structures impede upon the possibilities for ageing persons who are born abroad to execute what they consider valuable for their health, and confronting such structures is a critical issue from an ethical perspective, but increasingly also from a public health perspective. Therefore, the overarching aim of this thesis was to explore ethical and empirical points of departure for health promotion in relation to ageing persons who have experienced international migration. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was applied, combining qualitative and quantitative methods to gather and analyse data from eight randomised controlled trials (study I), 16 health professionals (study II) and 55 ageing persons who had experienced international migration (studies III and IV). The analyses were narrative, descriptive, interpretive and statistical, presenting four distinct stages of the development of a health promotion programme for ageing persons who have migrated to Sweden. Results: On a comprehensive level, the findings serve as a reminder of the innate dignity of each human being. Focus should lie on solving problems that actually exist, instead of solving those that are believed to exist. Based on the findings, study I suggest that health promotion programmes should involve Discovering the capabilities of ageing persons who are born abroad Crossing norms, moving health promotion forward
SEQUENCE DIVERSITY IN THE COAT PROTEIN OF SCMV INFECTING MAIZE AND SORGHUM IN BRAZIL

The “maize common mosaic” is among the major virus diseases of this crop in Brazil. Although there were evidences indicating Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) as the most common potyvirus species in maize in Brazil, information about those species that infect sorghum plants are few. Leaves showing characteristic mosaic symptoms were collected from maize and sorghum and used in serological and sequencing analysis of the CP for potyvirus species identification. Amino acid (aa) analysis of the CP N-terminal sequence of our samples showed a different repeated sequence, a higher content of the dipeptide GT, and a 15 aa longer than the majority of the SCMV sequences used for comparisons. The Brazilian maize and sorghum potyviruses formed a monophyletic group, suggesting that they can be classified within a new SCMV strain. Studies using potyvirus CP sequencing from Brazilian sorghum potyvirus have been reported for the first time.
Key geological characteristics of the Saida-Tyr Platform along the eastern margin of the Levant Basin, offshore Lebanon: implications for hydrocarbon exploration

More than 60 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of natural gas have been recently discovered in the Levant Basin (eastern Mediterranean region) offshore Cyprus, Egypt and Israel, Palestine. Un-explored areas, such as the Lebanese offshore, may yield additional discoveries. This contribution focuses the Saida-Tyr Platform (STP), an offshore geological feature adjacent to the southern Lebanese coastline – part of the eastern margin of the Levant Basin. First, an extensive synthesis of recent published research work, tackling crustal modeling, structural geology and stratigraphy will be presented. Then, a new local crustal model and the interpretation of seismic reflection specifically on the STP are discussed and emplaced in the context of the upcoming petroleum exploration activities in this region. Characteristic structural features form the limits of the STP which is believed to be an extension of the Arabian continent into the Levant Basin. Its westernmost limit consists of the extension of the crustal interface, previously termed “hinge zone”, where major plate-scale deformations are preferentially localized. The northward extension of this “hinge zone” beyond the STP can be mapped by means of major similar deformation structures (i.e. S-N-trending anticlines) and can be associated to the Levant Fracture System (LFS) – the northwestern border of the Arabian plate. The northern limit of the STP (i.e. the Saida Fault) is a typical E-W, presently active, structure that is inherited from an older, deeply rooted regional fault system, extending eastward throughout the Palmyra Basin. The STP is characterized by a variety of potential plays for hydrocarbon exploration. Jurassic and Cretaceous clastics and carbonates are believed to include reservoir plays, which could have been charged by deeper Mesozoic source rocks, and sealed by Upper Cretaceous marly layers. The edge of the Cretaceous carbonate platforms and potential carbonate buildups are well recognizable on seismic reflection profiles. The western and northern anticlinal structures bordering the STP are excellent targets for Oligo-Miocene biogenic gas charging systems. Based on integrating geodynamics, tectono-stratigraphic interpretations and petroleum systems analyses, such plays are well constrained and the exploration risk is therefore lowered.
Bio-pesticide Treated Jute Bags: Potential Alternative Method of Application of Botanical Insecticides against Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) Infesting Stored Wheat

Bio-pesticide treated jute bags were evaluated for their insecticidal flurry against Rhyzopertha dominica infesting stored wheat. The jute bags were separately treated with 2, 4, 6 and 8 ml dosage of Eugenia aromatica oil while some bags were deep-soaked in 100 ml of the oil. Untreated bags were set as controls. The result obtained showed that the treated bags significantly affect survival of insects as they all achieved above 55% mortality within 72hours of exposure. Moreover, it was observed that jute bag that was deep-soaked in 100ml of E. aromatica had the greatest mortality effect on the beetle as it achieved 100% mortality within 48hours of exposure. All the treated bags were found to reduce or prevent the weight loss and damage of the stored wheat after 42 days of storage. The ability of these bags to prevent the weight loss and damage of the stored wheat reduced after six months of storage as only the deep-soaked jute bag was able to prevent seed weight loss and damage. The oil treated jute bags have no effect on the colour, odour and acceptability of the wheat grains stored in them. The result also showed that the treated jute bags did not affect the viability of the stored wheat after six months. Base on the result obtained, the use of E. aromatica- treated jute bags may serve as an acceptable method of applying botanical pesticides in protection of stored grains.