Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review 3 D structure and allosteric modulation of the transmembrane domain of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels

Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels mediate rapid chemo-electric signal transduction in animals. The active site of this family of proteins is their ion channel pore, which is located at the center of the transmembrane domain. The opening/closing motions of the channel pore are governed by the binding of neurotransmitter to the extracellular domain, but also by allosteric effectors acting within the transmembrane domain. Here, we review the structure of the transmembrane domain as well as its role in the allosteric modulation of pentameric ligand-gated ion channel function. We focus on two examples: the interactions of nicotinic ACh receptors with lipids, for which a novel “uncoupled” state has been proposed, and the interactions of GABAA and Glycine receptors with allosteric modulators, such as general anesthetics, ethanol and neurosteroids. We revisit these data in light of the recently solved X-ray structures of bacterial members of the family, which provide atomic-resolution insight into the structures of both the transmembrane domain and associated lipids. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Appendix : The core voter ’ s curse : Clientelistic threats and promises in Hungarian elections November 5 , 2017

The following list experiments were used to measure exposure to clientelism. Items in red are the sensitive items that were randomly assigned to only half of the respondents. Lender Pressure • Rushing to vote was first thing for people to do in the morning. • People went to vote at different times of the day. • The election commission could not provide a vote to everybody. • I was worried that I would owe more to my creditor if I voted badly. Welfare Pressure • Some candidates visited our locality. • One of the candidates promised to protect animal rights. • None of the candidates visited our locality. • I was worried that a family member would drop out of the public works program if I voted wrong. Mayor Favor
ACAP : Binary Synthesizer Based on MIPS Object Codes

This paper presents a binary synthesizer “ACAP,” which synthesizes register transfer level HDL from MIPS object codes. It has three operation modes; (1) a separate compilation mode, in which selected subprograms of the target system are synthesized into hardware, (2) a full synthesis mode, where a whole linked executable code is transformed into a hardware module, and (3) an accelerator synthesis mode, where user specified sections of an executable code are converted into a hardware accelerator which is tightly coupled with the CPU. This paper describes several unique techniques adopted in ACAP, focusing on how interface between software and synthesized hardware is established.
Mourik Superconductor-Semiconductor Nanowire Devices Signatures of Majorana Fermions in Hybrid

clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): May 29, 2012 www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/content/336/6084/1003.full. html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/content/suppl/2012/04/11/science.1222360. DC1.html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/content/336/6084/1003.full. html#related found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag. org/content/336/6084/1003.full. html#related-urls 1 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/physics Physics subject collections: This article appears in the following
The Development of 3 DoF Wing Section Model for Aeroelastic and Active Control Wind Tunnel Experimental Tests

This paper discusses the development of a windtunnel testing equipment for investigating the dynamics behaviour of a 3 degree of freedom (DoF) aeroelastic system. It is intended to incorporate a mechanical platform into the test section of an open-loop wind-tunnel for this purpose. This platform must be designed such that the desired aeroelastic phenomena, such as instability (flutter), occurs and can be observed within the operation regime of the wind tunnel. Hence, a string of numerical calculations and analysis must be conducted to determine the plaform parameters. Theoretical analysis needs to be carried out by first forming the system aeroelastic mathematical model. The model is derived from a 3 DoF mechanical system involving unsteady aerodynamics force and moment induced by the system dynamic response. The aerodynamic force is calculated using Doublet Point Method (DPM) by considering the wing section main modes. The obtained force then is combined with the system dynamic equations which further is transformed into a generalized coordinate system. By analyzing and simulating the mathematical model, the aeroelastic system parameters can be tuned to ‘match’ the wind-tunnel operation regime. Based on the obtained aeroelastic parameters, a platform configuration is designed and developed. The dynamic parameters of the platform must be adjusted such that they are equivalent to the mathematical model parameters. The dynamic characteristic of the platform then is evaluated and analyzed so that a compatible aeroelasticbehaviour can be observed during a wind-tunnel test.
SUSTAINABLE REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT AND GOOD URBAN GOVERNANCE – AN INSTITUTIONAL APPROACH

It can be argued that creating a reputation for sustainable development in order to develop a competitive advantage in the marketplace resonates with institutional theory. In principle, this opens up the possibility to relate a given sustainability agenda with theoretical frameworks based on old institutional economics (OIE) and/or new institutional economics (NIE). This is particularly true in arenas where qualitative factors cause a change which is discontinuous from the previous structure, such as amid urban regeneration. Using empirical evidence from Budapest, Amsterdam and Trondheim it is shown that OIE has plenty to offer for a ‘patchy’ and evolving problem area such as the analysis of planning and real estate development in an urban setting. The position taken here, informed by the evolving urban sustainability research networks on the one hand and by the long lost OIE tradition on the other hand, is that good community governance needs the support of the private sector too. Smart policies, regulations and especially incentives set at the local and regional levels (but less so at the national or supranational levels) are an imperative to meet the sustainability goals set out in the Rio-1992 agenda. A sustainable urban strategy involves three elements: (1) education of the attitudes of the individual consumers; (2) community governance together with apt institutions (incentives or regulations); and (3) innovation in production technology. One could perhaps count ‘fate’ as a fourth element. The question is as to how sustainable the abovementioned cases are in terms of the outcomes and governance circumstances: the neoliberal Hungarian; the Rhine-land model (including Red-for-Green and PPP tools) of the Dutch, or the onesize-fits-all Norwegian system. This international comparison attempts to provide some guiding answers to this question.
Evaluation of Burnout Syndrome in Medical Students

Burnout has negative effects on work performance and patient care. The current standard for burnout assessment is the Maslach Burnout Inventory. To study burnout syndrome among medical students at the VYDEHI INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES and to identify associated factors.An exploratory, analytical, cross-sectional descriptive study with medical students was performed in 2012. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and a structured questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, the educational process, and individual aspects were used. The single questions with the highest factor loading on the emotional exhaustion(EE)(“I feel burned out from my work”) and DePersonalization(DP)(“I have become more callous toward people since I took this job”) domains were evaluated in three large samples of medical students. Professional accomplishments measures feelings of competence and successful achievement in one’s work. Out of 579 students,394 participated;almost 249 (63% )sample had high level of exhaustion,76(19%) had high level of depersonalization, 249(63%)had low level of personal accomplishment. There was a significant risk of burnout among the medical students studied. Three variables in particular, were associated with burnout and were directly related to the medical education process. Preventive and intervention measures must be adopted, and longitudinal studies should be conducted. Keyword: Burnout Syndrome; Medical Students; Mental Disorder; Medical Education; Occupational Disorder.
Analyzing follow-up studies to genome wide association studies

There are multiple possible reasons for this disagreement. Studies are undertaken in different populations detecting different polymorphisms in different breeds, expression of the same polymorphism may differ when observed on different genetic backgrounds. Also, nondetection of QTL may be due to that the original detection represented a false positive. Particularly, the latter possibility leads to a need to confirm detected QTL before they either are included in selection decisions or large sums are invested into gene identification.
ESTIMATING CORRELATIONS FROM A COASTAL OCEAN MODEL FOR LOCALIZING AN ENSEMBLE TRANSFORM KALMAN FILTER

Data assimilation is the process of using past and present data to estimate the current synoptic state of a dynamical system. Current data is merged with a previous model forecast or “background” field to produce the best estimate of a system’s state called an “analysis”. For cases where the probability distribution of observation and background errors are normally distributed, a Kalman filter can be shown to produce the best estimate of a variable and its uncertainty. A type of data assimilation system called the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) approximates the background covariance field using only a small ensemble of forecasts. Since a limited number of samples are used, many spurious correlations exist between an observation at one point and forecast errors at various locations within the model domain. To limit spurious relationships the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman filter (LETKF) limits the region considered in a process called “localization”. But a question arises regarding the optimal localization size for analyses within complex model domains. Using the Estuarine Coastal Ocean Model (ECOM) coupled with the LETKF, we examined correlations between simulated state variables on various locations and depths within a domain that spans the New York Harbor region. Distributions of correlation coefficients surrounding an analysis point were used to determine the optimal localization domain for each particular relationship. Since spurious correlations tend to diminish after 1 to 2 days of simulation, results observed during days 3 and 4 of this experiment were taken to be a good estimate of true relationships between variables. Given the large amount of dynamical and bathymetric variability within this model domain, correlation structures of mixed shapes and sizes were observed. In many instances, the parameterized localization domain was either too small or too large to capture the actual correlations. Results from this study provide incentive to pursue an automated solution to optimal localization within the LETKF/ECOM that tailors a unique localization volume for each analysis. If successful this solution can be applied to various other prediction systems that rely on ensemble data assimilation. _________________________________________________________________
Teaching Transgender

The recent visibility of transgender lives demonstrates the dawning of a new period in the potential to include transgender topics in sociology courses. The focus on transgender individuals, communities, and inclusive initiatives are gaining momentum on many public and private college and university campuses, awakening old and new curiosities, igniting student activists and advocates everywhere. Such developments provide an important opportunity for instructors who are motivated to create trans-friendly syllabi, courses, and classrooms. In this article, we briefly explore how transgender people have been used to teach sociological concepts and provide strategies to positively integrate transgender communities into the classroom. Ultimately, we intend this article to show new and more sensitive ways to include transgender experiences into a wide range of sociological courses.
On Improving Efficiency of Differential Evolution for Aerodynamic Shape Optimization Applications

Differential Evolution (DE) is a simple and robust evolutionary strategy that has been proven effective in determining the global optimum for several difficult optimization problems. Although DE offers several advantages over traditional optimization approaches, its use in applications such as aerodynamic shape optimization where the objective function evaluations are computationally expensive is limited by the large number of function evaluations often required. In this paper various approaches for improving the efficiency of DE are reviewed and discussed. These approaches are implemented in a DE-based aerodynamic shape optimization method that uses a Navier-Stokes solver for the objective function evaluations. Parallelization techniques on distributed computers are used to reduce turnaround times. Results are presented for the inverse design of a turbine airfoil. The efficiency improvements achieved by the different approaches are evaluated and compared.
A fully unsupervised Topic Modeling approach to metaphor identification∗ Una aproximación no supervisada a la detección de metáforas basada en Topic Modeling

This paper presents a new unsupervised approach to metaphor identification based on LDA topic modeling. Assuming a correlation between topic models and conceptual domains, the topics of each word are used to identify the semantic inconsistency between a word and its context. The system proposed is fully unsupervised, since it does not require any lexical resource nor manually annotated corpus. Some experiments with different topic granularities are used in order to define the best set of topics. The preliminary results obtained provide an accuracy level up to 70% and an F-Measure up to 0,72.
A Comparative Analysis of the Relationships between Happiness and Business Determinants in Developing and Developed Countries

This paper is based on the assumption that the configurations of business determinants affecting happiness may differ in developing and developed countries. Accordingly, it attempts to compare these configurations as they operate in developing and developed countries at national level. In doing this, it classifies countries into two groups according to certain criteria. It then analyses the relationships between happiness and business determinants by group, using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). Specifically, this study focuses on discovering the different configurations of business determinants that influence happiness at national level in developing and developed countries. It is hoped that its findings may provide individual countries with policy-related and practical information concerning how their happiness levels may be enhanced through consideration of their own processes of economic development.
Quantifying English fluency in Korean speakers ' read-aloud and picture-cued storytelling speech * 4

Yongeun Lee. 2014. Quantifying English fluency in Korean speakers' read-aloud and picture-cued storytelling speech. Linguistic Research 31(3), 465-490. Previous studies of quantifying oral proficiency of Korean learners of English have demonstrated that temporal aspects of the learners' speech (e.g., 'rate of speech') are strongly correlated with their perceived fluency evaluated by native English-speaking raters (Choi, 2004; 2005). However, these results have been primarily based on speech elicited from contexts where Korean learners of English were asked to read simple passages or orally complete partial dialogues presented in written forms. The current study investigated whether and to what extent the previously reported findings can be generalized to different speech contexts, i.e., particularly to a more spontaneous speech. To this end, this study elicited picture-cued storytelling utterances produced by Korean learners of English and compared the results from the more spontaneous speech with the comparable results from read speech by the same speakers. The current findings indicate that perceived fluency of Korean speakers' speech can vary as a function of the modalities in which their speech produced. In addition to the types of task that the Korean speakers carried out, the present findings also show that the protocols/instructions by which the speech materials are elicited can also influence perceived fluency. Implications of the findings for objective assessments of oral fluency of Korean learners of English are discussed. (Chung-Ang University)
Influences From Outside Comprehensive Trait Theories : Positive Urgency

Impulsiveness has been studied as an aspect of personality and psychopathology for generations. There are longstanding disagreements about how to define it and whether it should be viewed as one construct or several. This article begins by briefly reviewing some earlier and some more recent work on impulsiveness. Several approaches have recently converged to focus on a distinction between impulsive reactions to emotion and impulsive properties that are not initiated by emotion. From this review, we turn to psychopathology. It is well known that impulsiveness is related to externalizing psychopathology, but some have concluded that a similar relation does not exist for internalizing psychopathology. A recent literature is described that challenges the latter conclusion, linking impulsive reactivity to emotion to both externalizing and internalizing aspects of psychopathology. Discussion then turns to emotionrelated impulsiveness and other constructs to which it is conceptually and empirically related, reexamining whether other conceptual targets should be added to the discussion. The article closes with a consideration of how important it is to continue to remain open to new conceptual perspectives.
Microwave Assisted Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Ipomoea staphylina Leaf Extract and Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity against Human Blood Cells

We report for the first time, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ipomoea staphylina leafextract.0. 1N of silver nitrate is mixed with leaf extract & incubated for a period of 30 minutes. After that, the colour of the mixture changes from pale yellow to dark brown which confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized AgNPs is characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average size of synthesized silver nanoparticles using XRD data is found to be 14.27 nm by Scherrer’s formula, which is approximately similar as the size obtained in TEM Analysis 14.08nm. Our finding supports the reported therapeutic use of herb Ipomoea staphylinain tribal medicine for the treatment of inflammation. The most active extracts can be subjected to isolation and used for the therapeutic as anti-inflammatory agents and also to undertake further pharmacological studies.
Composting agroindustrial waste inoculated with lignocellulosic fungi and modifying the C / N ratio

The current disposal of waste involves a strong environmental impact that can be minimized by recycling these materials. Composting is one of the best options to achieve this purpose. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of the inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum and Aspergillus sp. in the composting process of bagasse of maguey mezcalero (BM-Agave angustifolia Haw.) and bagasse of sugar cane (BC-Saccharum officinarum L.), both with reduced C/N ratio. During 2012, in Santa Cruz Xoxocotlan (Oaxaca, Mexico), an experiment was developed under a completely randomized design. The composting process of BM and BC, inoculated with the fungi T. harzianum and Aspergillus sp. , including an uninoculated control, was monitored. For both residues, the C/N ratio was modified with the addition of bovine manure. The duration of the experiment was 133 days. The temperature of the masses in fermentation was recorded every week. Samples were taken in triplicate for analysis on days 0, 37, 70, 103 and 133 after the start of the process. The addition of bovine manure was enough to reduce the value of the C/N ratio and reach the thermophilic phase in a few days. The inoculation with T. harzianum and Aspergillus sp. , reduced the degradation time of BM but not BC. Aspergillus sp. , Generated greater degradation in both residues. BM reached C/N values that qualify it as a mature compost as of day 103 of composting, this was not the case with BC.
Combination Forecasting Method for Groundwater Level in Daqing River System

Prediction of groundwater level is a central issue in water resources management. Due to the influence of natural factors and the influence of human factors, groundwater level shows complex nonlinear characteristics. A new, innovative combination forecasting method based on neural network and time series is proposed for groundwater level in Daqing River System. Experimental results show that the combined forecasting method significantly improves the prediction accuracy. The innovative combination forecasting method can be used to predict the groundwater level rapidly and effectively under the condition of missing data. The application of this new method can greatly improve the prediction ability of groundwater level and enhance the management of water resources.
Politecnico di Bari , Italy MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MEMS STRUCTURES

Mechanical characterization of MEMS materials is in creasingly important in view of improving reliabili ty and assessing the life time of new devices. In this pap er a number of testing methods are described. These m thods include tensile, torsion and fatigue testing of spe cially designed microstructures, as well as wave pr opagation methods based on an optical pump probe setup to tes thin films. Difficulties arise from manufacturing and handling of small structures and the determination of its geometrical dimensions, which directly affec t the accuracy of material parameters extracted from the experiments. In addition the measurement of the mec hani al parameters like small forces and torques or strains on mall specimens or with ps time resolution pose challenges. This paper focuses on size effects in copper foils of thickness between 10 and 250 microns as determin d from tensile testing and probing of inhomogeneities caus ed e.g. by diffusion at interfaces in thin films .