Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An ecologically valid examination of event-based and time-based prospective memory using immersive virtual reality: The influence of attention, memory, and executive function processes on real-world prospective memory

ABSTRACT Studies on prospective memory (PM) predominantly assess either event- or time-based PM by implementing non-ecological laboratory-based tasks. The results deriving from these paradigms have provided findings that are discrepant with ecologically valid research paradigms that converge on the complexity and cognitive demands of everyday tasks. The Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), an immersive virtual reality (VR) neuropsychological battery with enhanced ecological validity, was implemented to assess everyday event- and time-based PM, as well as the influence of other cognitive functions on everyday PM functioning. The results demonstrated the role of delayed recognition, planning, and visuospatial attention on everyday PM. Delayed recognition and planning ability were found to be central in event- and time-based PM respectively. In order of importance, delayed recognition, visuospatial attention speed, and planning ability were found to be involved in event-based PM functioning. Comparably, planning, visuospatial attention accuracy, delayed recognition, and multitasking/task-shifting ability were found to be involved in time-based PM functioning. These findings further suggest the importance of ecological validity in the study of PM, which may be achieved using immersive VR paradigms.
Performance Improvement of LoRa Modulation With Signal Combining and Semi-Coherent Detection

In this letter, we investigate performance improvements of low-power long-range (LoRa) modulation when a gateway is equipped with multiple antennas. We derive the optimal decision rules for both coherent and non-coherent detections when combining signals received from multiple antennas. To provide insights on how signal combining can benefit LoRa systems, we present expressions of the symbol/bit error probabilities of both the coherent and non-coherent detections in AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels, respectively. Moreover, we also propose an iterative semi-coherent detection that does not require any overhead to estimate the channel-state-information (CSI) while its performance can approach that of the ideal coherent detection. Simulation and analytical results show very large power gains, or coverage extension, provided by the use of multiple antennas for all the detection schemes considered.
Generative modelling of BRDF textures from flash images

We learn a latent space for easy capture, consistent interpolation, and efficient reproduction of visual material appearance. When users provide a photo of a stationary natural material captured under flashlight illumination, first it is converted into a latent material code. Then, in the second step, conditioned on the material code, our method produces an infinite and diverse spatial field of BRDF model parameters (diffuse albedo, normals, roughness, specular albedo) that subsequently allows rendering in complex scenes and illuminations, matching the appearance of the input photograph. Technically, we jointly embed all flash images into a latent space using a convolutional encoder, and -conditioned on these latent codes- convert random spatial fields into fields of BRDF parameters using a convolutional neural network (CNN). We condition these BRDF parameters to match the visual characteristics (statistics and spectra of visual features) of the input under matching light. A user study compares our approach favorably to previous work, even those with access to BRDF supervision. Project webpage: https://henzler.github. io/publication/neuralmaterial/.
Electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments in the inverse seesaw extended NMSSM

The recently improved observation of the fine structure constant has led to a negative $2.4\sigma$ anomaly of electron $g-2$. Combined with the long-existing positive $4.2\sigma$ discrepancy of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, it is interesting and difficult to explain these two anomalies with a consistent model without introducing flavor violations. We show that they can be simultaneously explained in the inverse seesaw extended next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (ISS-NMSSM) by the Higgsino--sneutrino contributions to $(g-2)_e$ and $(g-2)_\mu$. The spectrum features prefer light $\mu$, which can predict $m_Z$ naturally, and it is not difficult to obtain a $\tau$-type sneutrino dark matter candidate that is compatible with the observed dark matter relic density and the bounds from dark matter direct detection experiments. Due to the compressed spectra and the undetectable decay mode of selectrons, they can evade the current Large Hadron Collider (LHC) constraints.
Low-Charge-Noise Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond Created Using Laser Writing with a Solid-Immersion Lens

We report on pulsed-laser induced generation of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond facilitated by a solid-immersion lens (SIL). The SIL enables laser writing at energies as low as 5.8 nJ per pulse and allows vacancies to be formed close to a diamond surface without inducing surface graphitization. We operate in the previously unexplored regime where lattice vacancies are created following tunneling breakdown rather than multiphoton ionization. We present three samples in which NV-center arrays were laser-written at distances between $\sim 1$ $\mu$m and 40 $\mu$m from a diamond surface, all presenting narrow distributions of optical linewidths with means between 61.0 MHz and 78.3 MHz. The linewidths include the effect of long-term spectral diffusion induced by a 532 nm repump laser for charge-state stabilization, thereby emphasizing the particularly low charge-noise environment of the created color centers. Such high-quality NV centers are excellent candidates for practical applications employing two-photon quantum interference with separate NV centers. Finally, we propose a model for disentangling power broadening from inhomogeneous broadening in the NV center optical linewidth.
Automatic Extraction of Secrets from the Transistor Jungle using Laser-Assisted Side-Channel Attacks

The security of modern electronic devices relies on secret keys stored on secure hardware modules as the root-of-trust (RoT). Extracting those keys would break the security of the entire system. As shown before, sophisticated side-channel analysis (SCA) attacks, using chip failure analysis (FA) techniques, can extract data from on-chip memory cells. However, since the chip's layout is unknown to the adversary in practice, secret key localization and reverse engineering are onerous tasks. Consequently, hardware vendors commonly believe that the ever-growing physical complexity of the integrated circuit (IC) designs can be a natural barrier against potential adversaries. In this work, we present a novel approach that can extract the secret key without any knowledge of the IC's layout, and independent from the employed memory technology as key storage. We automate the -- traditionally very labor-intensive -- reverse engineering and data extraction process. To that end, we demonstrate that black-box measurements captured using laser-assisted SCA techniques from a training device with known key can be used to profile the device for a later key prediction on other victim devices with unknown keys. To showcase the potential of our approach, we target keys on three different hardware platforms, which are utilized as RoT in different products.
Highly sensitive determination of chlorpromazine by electrochemically treated pencil graphite fiber as both solid-phase microextraction fiber and working electrode for use in voltammetry method

This paper describes the electrochemical modification of a pencil graphite fiber used as both a solid phase microextraction fiber and a working electrode in differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The combination of solid phase microextraction and DPV was applied as a highly selective and sensitive method for the determination of chlorpromazine. The pencil graphite fibers were electrochemically treated in phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions. Experimental parameters influencing the extraction efficiency of SPME, such as NaOH concentration, ionic strength of the sample, stirring rate, and extraction time were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, analytical parameters such as linearity, precision and limit of detection were evaluated. The linear dynamic range was from 0.35 to 35 μg L−1 and the limit of detection was 0.2 μg L−1. Intra- and inter-day precision of the method was satisfactory with a relative standard deviation of 2.2 and 4.8%, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the determination of chlorpromazine in human plasma and urine.
Designed Hybrid Organic−Inorganic Nanocomposites from Functional Nanobuilding Blocks

This article describes hybrid materials and systems in which the core integrity of inorganic nanobuilding blocks (NBBs) is preserved and reviews the main synthetic procedures presented in the literature. The relation between the NBB and the resulting hybrid networks is discussed for several striking examples: silicon and tin oxo clusters, polyoxometalates, and transition metal−oxo-based clusters. This approach is extended to nanoparticule-based hybrids. The chemical strategies offered by the coupling of soft chemistry processes and this approach based on functional NBBs allows, through an intelligent and tuned coding, to develop a new vectorial chemistry that is able to direct the assembly of a large variety of structurally well-defined clusters or nanoparticles into complex architectures.
THE BLUE LIGHT RESPONSE OF STOMATA: PULSE KINETICS AND SOME MECHANISTIC IMPLICATIONS *

Abstract— Intact leaves of Commelina communis irradiated with high fluence rates of red light, showed discrete increases in stomatal conductance in response to pulses (1‐100 s) of blue light (250 μmol m−2 s−1). Red light pulses were ineffective, indicating that the conductance increases were not mediated by photosynthesis and that they constitute a specific stomatal response to blue light. The response peaked 15 min after the pulse and was completed within50–60 min. Conductance increases were proportional to pulse duration up to about 30 s and saturated at longer exposures. The relationship between stomatal responses and pulse duration approximately fitted an exponential function, with a t 9s. Pulse responses at two different fluences indicated that reciprocity held. Responses to two consecutive pulses varied with time between pulses. A saturating pulse applied immediately after a preceding one induced no additional response; two saturating pulses 50 min apart caused two identical, consecutive responses. Total increases in conductance induced by two pulses separated by intermediate time intervals increased with time between pulses with a = 9 min. These results point to a blue light‐dependent photoconversion of a molecular form, with the activity of the photoconversion product decaying in a thermal reaction. Under continuous blue light, prevailing fluence rates and rates of the light and thermal reactions are postulated to determine steady‐state activities of the photoconversion product and proportional increases in conductance levels. These findings have implications for the environmental and metabolic roles of the stomatal response to blue light.
Effect of benzocyclobutadieno-annelation on cyclic conjugation in fluoranthene congeners

Earlier studies revealed that benzo-annelation has a peculiar effect on the intensity of cyclic conjugation in the five-membered ring of fluoranthene congeners. Now, the analogous effect of benzocyclobutadieno-annelation was examined and it was found show it is opposite to the effect of benzo-annelation: A benzocyclobutadiene fragment in angular (resp. linear) position with regard to the five-membered ring, decreases (resp. increases) the intensity of cyclic conjugation in the five-membered ring.
Nanostructured organic-inorganic hybrid materials : Kinetic control of the texture

The organic−inorganic hybrid materials obtained by the sol−gel route constitute a new class of solids prepared directly from a molecular precursor in mild conditions. These materials are better described as kinetically controlled solids instead of thermodynamically unstable materials. The reproducibility is observed only when the experimental conditions and the purity of chemicals are controlled with the precision used in analytical measurements. The results presented here illustrate the importance of all the parameters involved during the hydrolytic polycondensation of silicon alkoxides. They clearly evidence the narrow connections between the macroscopic data which describe the texture of the solids (specific surface area, porosity) and the parameters which control the kinetics of all the reactions involved in the process: the nature of the solvent, nature and concentration of catalyst and reagents, and temperature. However, some trends could be observed: polycondensation at silicon is also highly depe.
Biodegradable Core/Shell Fibers by Coaxial Electrospinning: Processing, Fiber Characterization, and Its Application in Sustained Drug Release

Solutions of two biodegradable polymers, that is, poly(dl-lactic acid) (PDLLA) and poly(3-hydroxy butyrate) (PHB), were individually delivered to the inner and outer channel of a coaxial-tube spinneret for electrospinning to prepare core−shell fibers used for drug release applications. By interchanging the inner- and outer-channel solutions, either PDLLA/PHB or PHB/PDLLA core−shell fibers could be conveniently obtained. Their fiber diameters were readily controlled by the flow rate of the core fluid (Qc). The effects of Qc on the morphologies of the Taylor cone, the whipping jet, and the electrospun fibers were investigated. Several scaling laws describing the Qc dependence of the outer fiber diameter (Df) and the inner fiber diameter (df) were derived, that is, Df ∼ Qc0.02 and df ∼ Qc0.18 for the PDLLA/PHB fluids and Df ∼ Qc0.30 and df ∼ Qc0.59 for the PHB/PDLLA fluids. These scaling laws provided the processing guidelines for the manipulation of the final diameters of the core−shell fibers for a given p.
Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Kinase Domain Inhibitor for an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Center for Biotechnology Research in UBITA, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, KoreaReceived April 29, 2013, Accepted May 20, 2013Key Words : EGFR, Anti-cancer agent, CYP450, Molecular simulations, Drug discoveryRecent cancer therapies usually involve structure-baseddrug design process to accomplish early discovery phase.
Low melting mixtures based on β-cyclodextrin derivatives and N,N′-dimethylurea as solvents for sustainable catalytic processes

β-Cyclodextrin series and N,N′-dimethylurea formed low melting mixtures able to immobilize organometallic species based on sulfonated phosphanes. Hydroformylation and Tsuji–Trost reactions were efficiently performed in these new solvents which led to new recyclable catalytic systems.
Ta3N5 and TaON Thin Films on Ta Foil: Surface Composition and Stability

Thin films of Ta3N5 and TaON prepared on Ta foils are examined in terms of surface composition and stability in air and in water to evaluate the effectiveness of these materials as visible light-responsive photocatalysts for water oxidation and reduction. The Ta3N5/Ta film is formed by nitridation of Ta2O5 on Ta foil at 1123 K under NH3 flow (≥20 mL min-1), while the TaON/Ta film is formed from the same precursor but with heating at 1073−1123 K under an NH3 flow of 10 mL min-1. The surface of the Ta3N5 film is found to contain oxygen species including hydroxyl groups, and TaON exhibits a higher oxygen content than the stoichiometric amount. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that the surface of the Ta3N5 thin film becomes partially hydrolyzed in water, while the TaON film surface remains stable with respect to hydrolysis even in water.
Prediction of Hydrophobic (Lipophilic) Properties of Small Organic Molecules Using Fragmental Methods: An Analysis of ALOGP and CLOGP Methods

Molecular hydrophobicity (lipophilicity), usually quantified as log P (the logarithm of 1-octanol/water partition coefficient), is an important molecular characteristic in drug discovery. ALOGP and CLOGP are two of the most widely used methods for the estimation of log P. This work describes an extensive reparametrization of the atomic log P values and a detailed comparison of the performance of ALOGP and CLOGP methods on the Pomona Medchem database. Only the “star list” compounds having precisely measured log P values were used in this analysis. While the overall results with both methods are similar, analysis shows that the CLOGP method is better for very small molecules in the range of 1−20 atoms. The two methods are almost comparable in the range of 21−45 atoms, while the ALOGP method has better accuracy for molecules with more than 45 atoms. Although the rms deviation and the correlation coefficient for CLOGP predictions were marginally better than those for corresponding ALOGP predictions, the latte.
Workforce challenges in digital health implementation: How are clinical psychology training programmes developing digital competences?

Objectives Digital practice in psychological services is a rapidly expanding and innovative area which is supporting continuation of clinical provision during the COVID-19 pandemic. Training the workforce to deliver safe and effective online psychological provision is key to service success and relies on accurate mapping of competences and current training needs. This paper discusses the initial stage for developing the first digital mental health competence framework for applied psychology in the UK. It reports on the digital training currently provided nationally and barriers/facilitators to acquiring these competencies. Methods Eighteen of the thirty UK Clinical Psychology Doctoral training programmes completed a 16-item survey. This mapped current digital health teaching and skills acquisition for trainee Clinical Psychologists throughout their 3-year pre-registration training. Furthermore, potential barriers and facilitators to developing these digital skills for both trainee and qualified Clinical Psychologists were investigated. Results The quantitative analysis highlighted the majority of respondents viewed developing digital mental health competencies with importance, but were not integrating this into teaching or clinical placements activity. The qualitative, inductive content analysis revealed seven key themes influencing the development of digital mental health skills, with the majority of respondents identifying with two themes; the need for practice guidelines (50% of respondents) and opportunities for digital mental health experience. Conclusions The findings suggest the need for a greater focus on developing the digital health knowledge, skills, and confidence across trainee and qualified Clinical Psychologists. Strategic analysis indicated the need to develop a framework for digital mental health competences across the curriculum and placement experience. Easily accessible learning packages may support the implementation of training nationally.
COVA1-18 neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 in three preclinical models

One year into the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), effective treatments are still needed1-3. Monoclonal antibodies, given alone or as part of a therapeutic cocktail, have shown promising results in patients, raising the hope that they could play an important role in preventing clinical deterioration in severely ill or in exposed, high risk individuals4-6. Here, we evaluated the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of COVA1-18 in vivo, a neutralizing antibody isolated from a convalescent patient7 and highly potent against the B.1. 1.7. isolate8,9. In both prophylactic and therapeutic settings, SARS-CoV-2 remained undetectable in the lungs of COVA1-18 treated hACE2 mice. Therapeutic treatment also caused a dramatic reduction in viral loads in the lungs of Syrian hamsters. When administered at 10 mg kg−1 one day prior to a high dose SARS-CoV-2 challenge in cynomolgus macaques, COVA1-18 had a very strong antiviral activity in the upper respiratory compartments with an estimated reduction in viral infectivity of more than 95%, and prevented lymphopenia and extensive lung lesions. Modelling and experimental findings demonstrate that COVA1-18 has a strong antiviral activity in three different preclinical models and could be a valuable candidate for further clinical evaluation.
Metabolic syndrome and heart failure: mechanism and management

Heart failure (HF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are syndromes that affect a large proportion of the world population. MetS is known to be one of the risk factors of HF, and it can also act as comorbidity in HF. This review aims to further discuss the mechanism of MetS in causing HF, the management of MetS in order to prevent HF, and the management of MetS in HF patients. Visceral adiposity is the primary trigger of MetS which is followed by chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and neurohormonal activation. All the mechanisms causing MetS play also an important role in the progression of HF. The MetS approach can be achieved by managing its components according to the current guidelines and careful management of MetS should be done in patients with HF. MetS is closely related to the progression of HF so that comprehensive management which involves a multidisciplinary team is necessary for managing patients with metabolic syndrome and heart failure.
Integration of Three-dimensional Technologies in Orthopedics: A Tool for Preoperative Planning of Tibial Plateau Fractures

Background: There is a growing scientific interest in the use of three-dimensional (3D) technologies in orthopedic surgery. Digitalization makes research in orthopedics more accurate and quantitative. Scientific literature describes an overview of current 3D technologies applications in orthopedics, without any emphasis on integrating available technologies as a clinical workflow. Objective: To develop a clinical workflow integrating 3D technologies for patient-specific applications in orthopedics validated in practice by employment of a free 3D software solution with the aim of minimizing the intervention. Method: By exploring the applications of 3D technologies in orthopedic surgery, we have created a clinical workflow integrating 3D technologies for patient-specific applications in orthopedics. It is validated in practice for preoperative planning of a 49-year-old male patient who had a tibial plateau fracture of Schatzker type VI in his right leg. The software solution we have used is Democratiz3D, from Embodi3d platform, which allows patient-specific modeling and surgical planning. Results: By using the proposed methodology we obtained the model of the tibial plateau fracture Schatzker type VI, as a “solid” representation in stl type files, which represents a numerically defined geometry of the bones fragments. It helps surgeons in planning the surgical approach. The time from the beginning to the end of the analysis was 193 min, which is 15% lower than times reported in similar studies. Conclusion: The planning potential of the 3D solution is a valuable instrument for surgeons in exploring the nature of tibial plateau fractures and the formulation of a suitable surgical plan for surface alignment, design and screw fixation guides, strength calculations of bone fragments, and printing surgical objects.