Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneity and Socioeconomic Driving Factors of PM2.5 in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and Its Surrounding Areas

Due to rapid urbanization and socio-economic development, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution has drawn very wide concern, especially in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, as well as in its surrounding areas. Different socio-economic developments shape the unique characteristics of each city, which may contribute to the spatial heterogeneity of pollution levels. Based on ground fine particulate matter (PM2.5) monitoring data and socioeconomic panel data from 2015 to 2019, the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, and its surrounding provinces, were selected as a case study area to explore the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of PM2.5 pollution, and the driving effect of socioeconomic factors on local air pollution. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity analysis showed that PM2.5 concentration in the study area expressed a downward trend from 2015 to 2019. Specifically, the concentration in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and Henan Province had decreased, but in Shanxi Province and Shandong Province, the concentration showed an inverted U-shaped and U-shaped variation trend, respectively. From the perspective of spatial distribution, PM2.5 concentrations in the study area had an obvious spatial positive correlation, with agglomeration characteristics of “high–high” and “low–low”. The high-value area was mainly distributed in the junction area of Henan, Shandong, and Hebei Provinces, which had been gradually moving to the southwest. The low values were mainly concentrated in the northern parts of Shanxi and Hebei Provinces, and the eastern part of Shandong Province. The results of the spatial lag model showed that Total Population (POP), Proportion of Urban Population (UP), Output of Second Industry (SI), and Roads Density (RD) had positive driving effects on PM2.5 concentration, which were opposite of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In addition, the spatial spillover effect of the PM2.5 concentrations in surrounding areas has a positive driving effect on local pollution levels. Although the PM2.5 levels in the study area have been decreasing, air pollution is still a serious problem. In the future, studies on the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of PM2.5 caused by unbalanced social development will help to better understand the interaction between urban development and environmental stress. These findings can contribute to the development of effective policies to mitigate and reduce PM2.5 pollutions from a socio-economic perspective.
Factors Contributing to the Success of Female Self-initiated Expatriate Service Workers in the United Arab Emirates

Research into self-initiated expatriate (SIE) success is important when a nation’s workforce is overwhelmingly comprised of expatriates. We examined the direct effect of perceived organizational support and adjustment on intent to stay and job engagement and the mediation effect of adjustment for lower-skilled, female SIEs in the UAE. Hypotheses were tested using correlation, multiple regression and bootstrapped mediation analysis. Perceived organizational support and work adjustment demonstrated a significant, positive, direct effect on intent to stay and engagement. Work adjustment partially mediated the effect of perceived organizational support on engagement and intent to stay. Results and implications are discussed.
Effects of different amounts of crude glycerol supplementation on dry matter intake, milk yield, and milk quality of lactating dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu grass pasture

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different amounts of crude glycerol (CGL) on dry matter intake, milk yield, milk protein yield, and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu-based pasture. Six Holstein cows were used in the first third of lactation (mean ± SD 559 ± 22.5 kg body weight, 43 ± 10 days in milk, and 26.8 ± 1.2 kg milk/day) and were randomized within a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square arrangement. Animals grazed the Kikuyu grass and were supplemented with a commercial energy-protein concentrate at 1.0 kg/4.0 kg of milk. The experimental period was 69 days. The following treatments were administered: CGL0 (control, without glycerol), CGL1 (750 g/cow/day), and CGL2 (1,500 g/cow/day). The addition of 750 and 1,500 g of CGL did not affect grass and concentrate intake (P > 0.05). However, milk yield (FCM 3.5%) increased by 14.2% in the CGL2 group compared to that obtained in the control group (CGL0) (P = 0.02). The addition of 1,500 g of CGL to the diet resulted in a 2.1% greater yield of milk protein compared to that obtained with CGL0 treatment (P = 0.01). Further, the addition of 1,500 g of CGL did not impact grass intake, milk fat concentration, or fatty acid composition (P < 0.05). Thus, the inclusion of CGL as a co-product may be a nutritional strategy to increase the productivity of dairy production systems in tropical perennials, such as Kikuyu grass.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Human Locomotion

From the Publisher: Thanks to improvements in motion recording technology and computer data processing, real-time, full-body 3D representations of human locomotions are now possible. This book examines 3D analysis of human locomotion and discusses fundamental aspects of functional anatomy, motor control, and neuroscience applied to locomotion. It provides advice on setting up and operating a gait laboratory along with the essentials of instrumentation and the current modeling techniques for estimating muscle forces.
Sport in the urban landscape of Zagreb and Split

This paper examines sports, cultural, historical, and urban geography to analyse hodonyms (names of streets and squares) and ergonyms (names of hospitality establishments) located in the proximity of sports centres. The research examines whether there is a link between the hodonyms and ergonyms associated with sports and the location of sports facilities. The starting point of this research was the assumption that spatial proximity influences the motivation for naming streets, squares, and hospitality establishments. Accordingly, this paper approaches the concept of sports in the urban landscape from a spatial aspect. Case studies were conducted in the two largest cities of the Republic of Croatia: the capital city Zagreb, and Split. The main methodological approach used in the analysis of data was statistical and interpretative. The research showed that there is a degree of association between hodonyms and ergonyms and the location of sports facilities. Sports transform and shape the urban landscape, not only the sports landscape (in the form of infrastructure), but also other parts of the city.
Haptic Dissection of Deformable Objects using Extended Finite Element Method

Interactive dissection simulation is an important research topic in the virtual reality (VR) community. There are many efforts on this topic; however, most of them focus on building a realistic simulation system regardless of the cost, and they often require expensive workstations and specialized haptic devices which prevent broader adoption. We show how to build a realistic dissection simulation at an affordable cost, which opens up applications in elementary education for virtual dissections which are currently not feasible. In this thesis, we present a fast and robust haptic system for interactive dissection simulations of finite elements based deformable objects which supports two type of haptic interactions: point contacts and cuts. We design a semi-progressive virtual dissection scheme of deformable objects in a real-time application. The quality and performance of visual/haptic feedback is demonstrated on a low-end commercial desktop PC with a haptic device.
Development of a Basic Safety Message for Tractor-Trailers for Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications

Currently the Basic Safety Message (BSM) used by heavy truck tractor-trailers was developed for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications in the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Safety Pilot and uses a simplified bounding box algorithm for conveying the position and heading of the tractor-trailer. However, because of the articulated behavior inherent in a tractor-trailer, this approach does not accurately identify the trailer position or vehicle space for V2V safety applications in all situations. Consequently, in certain situations this can lead to an unacceptable number of false and missed warnings to drivers in surrounding connected vehicles. The U.S. DOT, in partnership with the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP) and Mercedes-Benz Research & Development North America, Inc. (MBRDNA) conducted a project, Tractor-Trailer Basic Safety Message Development (TT-BSM), to develop technical solutions to this location identification problem for heavy truck tractors with one or more articulated trailers. TT-BSM developed several BSM enhancement approaches to more accurately represent tractor-trailer articulation. Furthermore, the team also completed the system and performance requirements and an assessment of the enhanced BSM impact on internal vehicle platform (OnBoard Equipment (OBE), necessary vehicle sensors on the tractor and the trailer) and external systems (e.g. communications channel loading, other OBE-equipped vehicles, and backend systems). The enhanced BSM can more accurately transmit position and heading for articulated tractor-trailers and thus allows for better safety warnings and fewer false and missed warnings to drivers.
Occupational injury : risk, prevention and intervention

Part 1 The data speak but what do they tell you? national occupational injury statistics - what can the data tell us? analysis of narrative text fields in occupational injury data using data to identify industry research priorities. Part 2 Errors, mistakes and behaviour: the role of accident experiences on subsequent accident events time-to-contact the use of human error data as indicators of changes in work performance. Part 3 The role of risk in safety: is risk perception one of the dimensions of safety climate? the concept of target risk and its implications for accident prevention strategies minimising the risk of occupational-acquired HIV/AIDS - universal precautions and health care workers. Part 4 Organizations, management, culture and safety: people make accidents, but organizations cause them management and culture - the third age of safety a review of approaches to organizational aspects of safety health and environment. Part 5 Safety interventions:workplace organizational factors and occupational accidents safety interventions - international perspectives before it is too late - evaluating the effectiveness of interventions a three dimensional model relating intervention and co-operation to injury prevention - background, description and application. Part 6 Rules or trust - ensuring compliance: prevention of chemical injury - an unconventional view the case for regulating compliance - a unionist's view the case for industry self- regulation - introducing an alternative compliance system in the long distance road transport industry. Part 7 The compensation system in Australia - help or hindrance: workers' compensation and common law - how to civil legal system discourages occupational injury prevention does compensation have a role in injury prevention?
Ground penetrating radar : theory and applications

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a rapidly developing field that has seen tremendous progress over the past 15 years. The development of GPR spans aspects of geophysical science, technology, and a wide range of scientific and engineering applications. It is the breadth of applications that has made GPR such a valuable tool in the geophysical consulting and geotechnical engineering industries, has lead to its rapid development, and inspired new areas of research in academia. The topic of GPR has gone from not even being mentioned in geophysical texts ten years ago to being the focus of hundreds of research papers and special issues of journals dedicated to the topic. The explosion of primary literature devoted to GPR technology, theory and applications, has lead to a strong demand for an up-to-date synthesis and overview of this rapidly developing field. Because there are specifics in the utilization of GPR for different applications, a review of the current state of development of the applications along with the fundamental theory is required. This book will provide sufficient detail to allow both practitioners and newcomers to the area of GPR to use it as a handbook and primary research reference. *Review of GPR theory and applications by leaders in the field *Up-to-date information and references *Effective handbook and primary research reference for both experienced practitioners and newcomers
Modelling Expectations and Trust in Virtual Agents

Computer graphics has long been the foremost area of advancement in both the gaming and the motion picture industry. Nowadays, as computer graphics is getting difficult to advance any further, other areas begin to interest the developers. One of these areas is artificial intelligence. The gaming industry has begun to create far more intelligent virtual characters that no longer are as predictable as they used to be. Mixing character animation with intelligent agents techniques results in a vastly more interesting experience for the gamer as well as for the developer.This project focuses on introducing expectational behaviour and trust in intelligent virtual characters. The area is highly interesting as it enables a vastly more complex emotional structure for virtual agents than that of reactive, rational behaviour. Although expectations can indeed be rational, often they are not when it comes to humans. This project studies the effects of expectations on the emotional state of agents and the effect that the emotions have on the reasoning abilities and the action selection mechanism. It also examines how trust influences emotions and vice versa and how trust influences the action selection mechanism.One of the requirements of this work is that the computations concerning the triggering of emotions have to be done in real-time. While it is possible to do off-line computations for simulations (such as is often done for the movie industry), it is not what we desire here. It is our goal to create interesting virtual characters that can be interacted with in real-time. Therefore, also expectations and trust must be calculated and managed in real-time.
ACCIDENT DATA ANALYSIS TO DEVELOP TARGET GROUPS FOR COUNTERMEASURES, VOLUME 2: ANALYSIS REPORTS

The objective of the project was to disaggregate the road accident problem using mass accident data to find groups of road users, vehicles and road segments which would be suitable targets for countermeasures. Large data files of police accident reports and Transport Accident Commission claims from accidents in Victoria during the 1980s were merged. Four methods of analysis to meet the objective were developed and applied to the data to address key problem areas. Target groups for countermeasures were identified and, where possible, accident and injury mechanisms were suggested, and countermeasures to address these mechanisms were proposed. Volume 1 (IRRD abstract no. 849374) covers the specific objectives, concepts, data, methods, conclusions and recommendations of the project, and the executive summaries of the analysis reports. The full analysis reports are given in this volume (vol 2). The conclusions recommend that new surveys of the on-road exposure of drivers, passengers, motorcyclists and pedestrians be conducted in Victoria and that clustering methods be applied to other key road trauma problem areas, as these methods are able to identify new target groups which are currently hidden. (a)
Heat Transfer Investigations at the Over-Tip Casing of a High Pressure Turbine Stage – Development of Heat Transfer Correlations

The development of gas turbines aims to an increase of power and efficiency accounting environmental and economical aspects. Meanwhile combustion temperatures reaches values far above of the acceptable material temperatures. Thus the thermal highly loaded components have to be cooled intensive. These parts includes besides the blades, the platform and the casing of the first stages. Up to now the aero-thermal loading of the over-tip casing above the rotor was investigated poorly. This report contributes to a better understanding of the major phenomena governing the heat flux in the over-tip casing region. Using a HP-turbine at different flow conditions, extended measurements were performed at DLR’s wind tunnel for rotating cascades, Gottingen, concerning the flow field above the rotor and close to the over-tip casing. The data collected include time-averaged as well as time-resolved values as i.e. static pressure at the over-tip casing, wall temperatures and calculated heat flux coefficients, hot-film measurements. Additionally the passage near the casing was investigated using probes (steady and unsteady ones). The sensors and inserts necessary to perform the measurements had to be developed and manufactured; the necessary procedures to evaluate the gained data had to be developed, too. From these investigations an extended data basis was generated and used to proceed in getting information about work process within the tip gap and about the heat flux into linear segments. The Nusselt correlation for a flat plate is investigated for it’s applicability at the over-tip casing. The correlation is enhanced with operating parameters to take the elevated heat transfer levels observed at off-design conditions into account. Additionally a tip leakage model is introduced to examine the difference between heat transfer in the passage and in the gap. Finally differences between time-resolved and pitchwise averaged input data with the flat plate correlation are discussed.
The road to sustainability

This three-volume set is a landmark comprehensive overview of the business of sustainability, providing 56 separate chapters from leaders in business, non-profit organizations, and from within the academic and policy world. * Contributions from more than 70 authors recognized for their work in sustainability * Several chapters with systemic frameworks * Numerous case studies demonstrating successful approaches by industry innovators * 55 figures with models and steps for analyses * A bibliography with each chapter
Reduced flow in the left ventricle after anterior acute myocardial infarction: a case control study using 4D flow MRI

Background : Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) alters left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics, resulting in decreased global LV ejection fraction and global LV kinetic energy. We hypothesize that anterior AMI effects localized alterations in LV flow and developed a regional approach to analyze these local changes with 4D flow MRI. Methods : 4D flow cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data was compared between 12 anterior AMI patients (11 males; 66±12yo; prospectively acquired in 2016-2017) and 19 healthy volunteers (10 males; 40±16yo; retrospective from 2010-2011 study). The LV cavity was contoured on short axis cine steady-state free procession CMR and partitioned into three regions: base, mid-ventricle, and apex. 4D flow data was registered to the short axis segmentation. Peak systolic and diastolic through-plane flows were compared region-by-region between groups using linear models of flow with age, sex, and heart rate as covariates. Results : Peak systolic flow was reduced in anterior AMI subjects compared to controls in the LV mid-ventricle (fitted reduction = 3.9 L/min; P=0.01) and apex (fitted reduction = 1.4 L/min; P=0.02). Peak diastolic flow was also lower in anterior AMI subjects compared to controls in the apex (fitted reduction = 2.4 L/min; P=0.01). Conclusions : A regional method to analyze 4D LV flow data was applied in anterior AMI patients and controls. Anterior AMI patients had reduced regional flow relative to controls.
Innovative design of a transmission mechanism for variable speed wind turbines

An innovative transmission mechanism, referred to here as an independently controllable transmission (ICT), for application in variable speed wind turbines is described. This ICT mechanism can transmit rotational output speed that can be independently regulated by a controller and is not affected by the speed of the input shaft. Use of this ICT mechanism would make it possible for a variable speed wind turbine to be unaffected by rotor speed fluctuations and allow the generation of constant frequency electrical output of improved quality. The ICT mechanism is comprised of two planetary gear trains and two transmission-connecting members. The kinematic, static characteristics, and power flow of the ICT mechanism have been analyzed and derived as analytical equations. Demonstration examples and a prototype of the device have been built and tested to examine their kinematic and static characteristics and to verify the validity of the results.
Japanese “help profession” students: COVID-19 fear associated with mental health, substance use and resilence

Dear Dr. Harvey, In February, 2020 Japan became an international focal point of COVID-19 concern with the Diamond Princess cruise ship. Anchored at the Yokohama port, nearly twenty percent of the people onboard were infected with Corona virus. From the rapid spread of COVID-19 that year, the International Oympic Committee, the International Paralympic Commttee, and others agreed to postpone the games scheduled for Tokyo by one year. While the Olympics were viewed as a success, COVID-19 infection continued to take a toll on people there. Many sicked people in ambulences were unable to find admittance to hospitals, and each day saw recording breaking numbers of new COVID-19 cases. The Olympics are over; however, Japan continues to report record numbers of ill patients with severe infection; and, concern is growing of the lambda variant of infection with multiple mutations which make it more transmissible (NHK, 2021). The current situation in Japan remains challenging but seemingly less so than that reported in Thailand (Karawekpanyawong et al., 2021), Viet-Nam (World Health Organization, 2021) and elsewhere among south and far east nations. Despite good rates of vaccination (50% twice and 12% once against the infection) and low mortality rates from COVID-19 (0.50 deaths per million people as of September 12) (Our World in Data, 2021), the main concern for Japan is an overburdened healthcare system which is working to the limit of its capabilities (NHK, 2021). Recent papers have been published in the Journal of Loss and Trauma about the impact of COVID-19 fear on “help profession” students’ stress factors (i.e., depression, exhaustion, loneliness, nervousness, anger and substance use (i.e., tobacco and alcohol), and resilience (Isralowitz & Reznik, 2021; Isralowitz et al., 2021; Pavlenko et al., 2021). We take the liberty of this letter to the editor to share information about Japanese medical, nursing and psychology students at a third wave of infection in the country from May to August 2021. A survey was conducted on university medical, nursing and psychology students at two locations. The survey was approved by the Ethics Committee for Human Research of both universities. The COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) (Ahorsu et al., 2020) and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) (Smith et al., 2008) were used. The Cronbach’s reliability evidenced both scales to be reliable (scores for both instruments are 0.721 and 0.823). All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS, version 25. The Pearson’s chi-square test, t-test, as well as one-and two-way ANOVA were used.This survey included 222 participants, 32.0% (n1⁄4 71) male, 65.3% (n1⁄4 145) female, and 2.7% (n1⁄4 6) other; and, 85.1% of the respondents reported being secular and 14.9% religious. Students were from fields of medicine (29.3%), nursing (14.0%), and psychology (56.7%); and, their mean age was 19.1 years (SD1⁄4 1.3). Among the respondents, 62.0% were tested for