Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINED RELEASE DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE MATRICES THROUGH JACKFRUIT MUCILAGE

Objective: The sustained release of drug from dosage form is useful especially for achieving controlled plasma level of the drug as well as improving bioavailability. The objective of the present work was to develop sustained release diltiazem hydrochloride matrix tablets using natural polymers and gums like jackfruit mucilage and tamarind polysaccharide. Methods: Tablets were prepared by direct compression method and evaluated for various physical parameters. Direct compression method using response surface methodology, followed by optimization of the evaluation parameters were employed to get final optimized formulation. Results: Among all formulations, M2 shows 92.87% better controlled release at the end of 12 hrs. The release co-efficient values ‘n’ (>0.5) indicated that the drug release followed non fickian anomalous mechanism based on formulation factors. The stability studies were carried out according to ICH guideline which indicates that the selected formulation was stable. Conclusion: Diltiazem HCl matrices could be developed with desirable release modulation for a once daily administration. Keywords : Diltiazem HCl (DLT), Jackfruit mucilage, Tamarind seeds, Matrics
Temporal encoding of two-dimensional patterns by single units in primate inferior temporal cortex. II. Quantification of response waveform.

The purpose of this study was to describe how the responses of neurons in inferior temporal (IT) cortex represent visual stimuli. In the preceding paper we described the responses of IT neurons to a large set of two-dimensional black and white patterns. The responses to different stimuli showed temporal modulation of the spike trains. This paper develops a method for quantifying temporal modulation and shows that the stimulus determines the distribution over time, as well as the number, of spikes in a response. The responses were quantified using an orthogonal set of temporal waveforms called principal components. The principal components related to each neuron were extracted from all the responses of that neuron to all of the stimuli, regardless of which stimulus elicited which response. Each response was then projected onto the set of principal components to obtain a set of coefficients that quantified its temporal modulation. This decomposition produces coefficients that are uncorrelated with each other. Thus each coefficient could be tested individually, with univariate statistics, to determine whether its relation to the stimulus was nonrandom. The waveforms of the principal components are unconstrained and depend only on the responses from which they are derived; hence, they can assume any shape. Nonetheless, the 21 neurons we analyzed all had principal components that belonged to only one of two sets. The two sets could be characterized by their first principal component, which was either phasic or tonic. This suggests that these neurons may use as few as two different mechanisms in generating responses. The first principal component was highly correlated with spike count, and both were driven by the stimulus. Higher principal components were uncorrelated with spike count, yet some of them were also driven by the stimulus. Thus the principal components form a richer description of the stimulus-dependent aspects of a neuronal response than does spike count. Bootstrap tests showed that several principal components (usually 3 or 4) were determined by the stimulus. Since higher principal components were not correlated with the spike count, the stimulus must have determined the distribution of spikes in the response as well as their number. However, it is possible that the number and distribution of spikes are both determined by the same characteristics of the stimulus. In this case, the temporal modulation would be redundant, and a simple univariate measure would be sufficient to characterize the stimulus-response relationship. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Research of anomaly detection method based on improved artificial immunity

According to the abnormal state detection without enough priori knowledge and fault samples, a new detector generation method with step radiuses is proposed. The method separates abnormal state space into several regions, and then sets different detector radius for them according to actual situations, has great flexibility and higher coverage rate to space. Artificial immune real-valued negative selection algorithm based on this method is applied to find the model for abnormal state detection, and later on be tested and analyzed in two different cases to some bearing using the model founded above. One with the fault samples and the other not. A conclusion is reached from the test that the method mentioned above can detect the known and unknown fault efficiently, and the correct detection rate is satisfactory.
Demonstration of an occult biliary‐arterial fistula using percutaneous contrast‐enhanced ultrasound cholangiography in a transplanted liver

We present a case of a biliary‐arterial communication as a consequence of the placement of an internal‐external biliary drainage catheter in a liver transplant patient diagnosed on contrast‐enhanced ultrasound using a novel application by injecting microbubble contrast into the catheter tube. We postulate that this method may be sensitive in identifying occult communications between the biliary tree and the vascular compartment when a catheter drain is positioned, and there is hemobilia or unexplained sepsis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:108–111, 2014
Comparative glandular trichome transcriptome-based gene characterization reveals reasons for differential (-)-menthol biosynthesis in Mentha species.

The genes involved in menthol biosynthesis are reported earlier in Mentha × piperita. But the information on these genes is not available in Mentha arvensis. To bridge the gap in knowledge on differential biosynthesis of monoterpenes leading to compositional variation in the essential oil of these species, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the glandular trichome (GT) was carried out. In addition to the mevalonic acid (MVA) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway genes, about 210 and 196 different terpene synthases (TPSs) transcripts were identified from annotation in M. arvensis and M. × piperita, respectively, and correlated to several monoterpenes present in the essential oil. Six isoforms of (-)-menthol dehydrogenases (MD), the last enzyme of the menthol biosynthetic pathway, were identified, cloned and characterized from the transcriptome data (three from each species). Varied expression levels and differential enzyme kinetics of these isoforms indicated the nature and composition of the product, as these isoforms generate both (-)-menthol and (+)-neomenthol from (-)-menthone and converts (-)-menthol to (-)-menthone in the reverse reaction, and hence together determine the quantity of (-)-menthol in the essential oil in these two species. Several genes for high value minor monoterpenes could also be identified from the transcriptome data.
Worms Propagation Modeling and Analysis in Big Data Environment

The integration of the Internet and Mobile networks results in huge amount of data, as well as security threat. With the fragile capacity of security protection, worms can propagate in the integration network and undermine the stability and integrity of data. The propagation of worm is a great security risk to massive amounts of data in the integration network. We propose a kind of worm propagating in big data environment named BD-Worm. BD-Worm consumes computing resources and gets privacy information of users, which causes huge losses to our working and living. This paper constructs an integration network topology model and designs the BD-Worm propagating in the big data environment. To analyze the propagation of BD-Worm, we conduct a simulation and provide some recommendations to contain the widespread of BD-Worm according to the simulation results.
Object-based sound source modeling

This thesis proposes techniques for object-based audio and music. The work can be divided into two parts corresponding to model-based synthesis of musical instruments and computational analysis of audio and music. The contributions of this work are in signal and auditory analysis, sound object modeling, and sound signal synthesis. The rst half of the thesis considers linear and particularly nonlinear discrete-time modeling of plucked string instruments. The nonlinear tension modulation phenomenon that is present in every vibrating string has been integrated into the model. Its simulation has been developed into a computationally feasible structure and it has been demonstrated that the models produce the desired e ects on the synthetic tones in the desired manner. The proposed models can reproduce accurately such phenomena as variation of the fundamental frequency and coupling of the tension modulation via the bridge to the body and to the vibrating strings. The second half of this thesis mainly concentrates on computational audio and music analysis. Methods are presented for separation of harmonic sound sources using sinusoidal modeling. A computationally e cient and auditorily motivated multi-pitch analysis model has been developed and integrated with the sinusoidal separation techniques. Nonlinear least squares (NLS) methods are proposed for signal analysis. The rst NLS technique performs high-resolution sinusoidal analysis which uses a priori information of the signal components obtained from the multi-pitch analysis. Another NLS-based method is used for re ning a fundamental frequency estimate. It is also applied to detection of vibrato of prominent tones. The third NLS technique is used for detection of inharmonicity of a piano tone in a three-voice chord. The analysis methods are applied to obtaining a model-based representation of two-voice guitar music. Listening experiments were conducted measuring the perception of the variation of the decay pattern in model-based plucked string synthesis. The experiment results provide perceptual thresholds for changes in overall decay and frequency-dependent decay. The results are applied to parameterization of the synthesis model as well as designing a perceptually motivated parameter estimation method. keywords: auditory modeling, digital signal processing, listening experiments, musical acoustics, nonlinear systems, plucked string instruments, signal analysis, sound synthesis.
Study of dynamic grain growth by electron microscopy and EBSD

The effect of hot deformation on fully recrystallized aluminium–copper alloys (Al‐4wt%Cu and Al‐33wt%Cu) with different volume fractions of CuAl2 has been studied. The alloys are Zener pinned systems with different superplastic properties. Strain‐induced grain growth, observed in both alloys, was quantitatively estimated by means of electron microscopy and EBSD and compared with the rate of static grain growth. Surface marker observations and in situ hot‐deformation experiments combined with EBSD were aimed at clarifying the mechanisms responsible for the changes in the deformed microstructures. A sequence of secondary and backscattered electron images and EBSD maps was obtained during in situ SEM deformation with different testing conditions. Overlaying EBSD maps for the Al‐4wt%Cu with channelling contrast images showed that grain boundary motion occurred during deformation, creating a layered structure and leading to an increase in size of some grains and shrinkage of others. Of a particular interest are results related to behaviour of CuAl2 in superplastic Al‐33wt%Cu during deformation, including several problems with the use of EBSD in this alloy.
Aperture coupled circularly polarized array antenna in ridge gap waveguide technology

A 4×1 aperture coupled circularly polarized array antenna in ridge gap waveguide technology is presented. The ridge gap waveguide technology is employed to create a desired directional wave propagation. Circular polarization is obtained by introducing L-shaped slot coupling to an oval shaped patch. The simulated results show high circular polarization purity (axial ratio less than 1dB) over the frequency range of 14.58–15.20GHz and the reflection coefficient of better than −10dB over 14.56–15.25GHz band. Gain and radiation patterns of the proposed array antenna are also provided.
Triple-negative subtype predicts poor overall survival and high locoregional relapse in inflammatory breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated that expression of estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2 is important for predicting overall survival (OS), distant relapse (DR), and locoregional relapse (LRR) in early and advanced breast cancer patients. However, these findings have not been confirmed for inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), which has different biological features than non-IBC. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the records of 316 women who presented to MD Anderson Cancer Center in 1989-2008 with newly diagnosed IBC without distant metastases. Most patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, mastectomy, and postmastectomy radiation. Patients were grouped according to receptor status: ER(+) (ER(+)/PR(+) and HER-2-; n = 105), ER(+)HER-2(+) (ER(+)/PR(+) and HER-2(+); n = 37), HER-2(+) (ER(-)/PR(-) and HER-2(+); n = 83), or triple-negative (TN) (ER(-)PR(-)HER-2(-); n = 91). Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods were used to assess LRR, DR, and OS rates and their associations with prognostic factors. RESULTS The median age was 50 years (range, 24-83 years). The median follow-up time and median OS time for all patients were both 33 months. The 5-year actuarial OS rates were 58.7% for the entire cohort, 69.7% for ER(+) patients, 73.5% for ER(+)HER-2(+) patients, 54.0% for HER=2(+) patients, and 42.7% for TN patients (p < .0001); 5-year LRR rates were 20.3%, 8.0%, 12.6%, 22.6%, and 38.6%, respectively, for the four subgroups (p < .0001); and 5-year DR rates were 45.5%, 28.8%, 50.1%, 52.1%, and 56.7%, respectively (p < .001). OS and LRR rates were worse for TN patients than for any other subgroup (p < .0001-.03). CONCLUSIONS TN disease is associated with worse OS, DR, and LRR outcomes in IBC patients, indicating the need for developing new locoregional and systemic treatment strategies for patients with this aggressive subtype.
Epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in a defined rural population in the northern part of Sweden

The northern part of Sweden is sparsely populated and must be regarded as a rural region. An investigation into the incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirhosis was conducted and the course of the disease was followed. In total, 111 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were identified for the 10‐yr period 1973 to 1982 in the northern health region of Sweden. The mean annual incidence amounted to 13.3 per million and the point prevalence was 151 per million, which is the highest reported so far. There was a significantly higher prevalence in the most northern county of Sweden, both with respect to total number of primary biliary cirrhosis patients and symptomatic patients. Asymptomatic patients amounted to 37%. During the study period 25 patients out of the 111 died (23%), 14 as a direct consequence of the liver disease. Three patients died of primary hepatocellular carcinom, one having an asympatomatic liver disease without cirrhosis. Primary biliary cirrhosis seems to be more common in Sweden, especially in the northern part, than it is elsewhere. A high frequency of extrahepatic symptoms (85%), mainly musculoskeletal, was recorded. These symptoms may lead to the first contact with the health service, rather than signs of liver disease. Thus, an increasing number of patients are diagnosed with asymptomatic liver disease, who must be followed to check for the eventual development of symptoms. (HEPATOLOGY 1990;11:458–464.)
A scale-dependent Lagrangian dynamic model for large eddy simulation of complex turbulent flows

A scale-dependent dynamic subgrid model based on Lagrangian time averaging is proposed and tested in large eddy simulations (LES) of high-Reynolds number boundary layer flows over homogeneous and heterogeneous rough surfaces. The model is based on the Lagrangian dynamic Smagorinsky model in which required averages are accumulated in time, following fluid trajectories of the resolved velocity field. The model allows for scale dependence of the coefficient by including a second test-filtering operation to determine how the coefficient changes as a function of scale. The model also uses the empirical observation that when scale dependence occurs (such as when the filter scale approaches the limits of the inertial range), the classic dynamic model yields the coefficient value appropriate for the test-filter scale. Validation tests in LES of high Reynolds number, rough wall, boundary layer flow are performed at various resolutions. Results are compared with other eddy-viscosity subgrid-scale models. Unlike the.
Quantum chemical interaction energy surfaces of ethylene and propene dimers.

Ab initio studies of nonbonding interactions for ethylene and propene dimers were conducted at the MP2/6-311+G(2df,2pd) level. The dimers were attractive in all of the orientations studied; however, the attraction was <0.1 kcal/mol for ethylene D2h and C2h dimers, for which the pi-electron clouds or H atoms interact closely. A previously introduced transferable potential model, NIPE [Jalkanen, J.-P.; Pakkanen, T. A. ; Yang, Y. ; Rowley, R. L. J. Chem. Phys. 2003, 118, 5474], which is based on quantum chemical calculations of small alkane molecules, was tested against the propene and ethylene dimer data. Comparisons of results showed that interaction energies for orientations dominated by interactions between the propene methyl groups or two hydrogens were accurately predicted with the NIPE model. Interactions involving the double bond were not predicted as well, because the original NIPE regression data set did not contain any information about pi-electron systems. An extension of the NIPE model to include pi-electron interactions is proposed. Additional interaction sites are used with the same energy function as atomic interactions. This addition provides a more accurate description of the interaction energies of both ethylene and propene and extends the transferability of the NIPE model to alkenes.
Novel rotor design for interior permanent magnet brushless machines: Initial investigation

This paper presents a novel rotor design for interior permanent magnet (IPM) brushless machines. Through the use of the novel rotor design the leakage flux in the rotor is reduced which increases the open circuit air-gap flux per pole. This results in an increase in the permanent magnet (PM) alignment torque of the machine. Other advantages of the novel rotor design include a reduction of the rotor inertia which brings benefits in the dynamic response of the machine and also a reduction of the rotor mass. A theoretical investigation is presented which shows the benefits of the rotor design for 4, 6 and 8 pole IPM machines. Furthermore, an experimental investigation is shown, using a small 4 pole IPM machine, with a conventional and a consequent pole rotor, which confirms the advantages shown in the theoretical investigation.
Diagnostic deoxyribonucleic acid probes for infectious diseases

Virtually all microorganisms contain some unique nucleotide sequences which can be the target of deoxyribonucleic acid probes. Probes have been used successfully to identify a wide variety of pathogens from the simple ribonucleic acid-containing polioviruses to the complex filarial worms Brugia malayi. Probe technology offers the clinical laboratory the potential both to extend the types of pathogens that can be readily identified and to reduce significantly the time associated with the identification of fastidious microorganisms. Over a dozen commercially prepared deoxyribonucleic acid probe tests are now available. This article explores the development of deoxyribonucleic acid probe tests and reviews the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of many of the diagnostic probes developed during the last several years. Prospects for newer, more sensitive detection systems for the products of hybridization reactions are also reviewed.
Watermarking Relational Database Using Hindi Phonemes and Hill Cipher Technique

Digital watermarking now-a-days become more and more important due to tremendous availability of digital data on internet. The use of databases in various internet base applications has increased tremendously and theft of the data from database is a main concern for the database owners. Therefore, it is crucial to protect the piracy of the database. Most important technique in watermarking is its secret key and insertion location. In this paper, a new relational database watermarking method for non-numeric data is proposed based on nonnumeric attributes. A mark is computed based on the hill cipher technique. The position where mark is to be inserted is taken by the user. Our method is effective as it is robust and secure against different forms of malicious attacks.
The Impact of Nursing Leader’s Behavioral Integrity and Intragroup Relationship Conflict on Staff Nurses’ Intention to Remain

OBJECTIVE This study tested a multilevel model examining the effect of nursing leader’s behavioral integrity and intragroup relationship conflict on staff nurses’ intent to remain. BACKGROUND In the challenging situation of nursing shortage, nurse executives are required to focus on the retention of nurses. No previous studies have examined the impact of nursing leader’s behavioral integrity and intragroup relationship conflict on nurses’ intention to remain. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 480 RNs in 34 nursing units of a large public hospital in South Korea was conducted to test the hypothesized multilevel model. RESULTS Nursing leader’s behavioral integrity was positively related to nurses’ intention to remain (b = 0.34, P < .001). This relationship was enhanced when the level of intragroup relationship conflict was high (b = 0.21, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Nursing leaders assigned to units with a high level of intragroup relationship conflict should endeavor to maintain their behavioral integrity to promote nurses’ intention to remain.
NEW TECHNIQUES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF EUS FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC MALIGNANCIES: CONTRAST HARMONIC IMAGING

Although endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has the advantage over other imaging methods in that it is possible to obtain high resolution images of the pancreas, it is limited in its ability to characterize pancreatic masses. Contrast‐enhanced power Doppler ultrasonography suffers from several limitations such as blooming artifacts, poor spatial resolution, low sensitivity to slow flow and high sensitivity to motion artifacts. Recently, EUS system specific for contrast harmonic imaging has been developed. The use of this EUS system enabled us to observe images of microcirculation and parenchymal perfusion without Doppler‐related artifacts in the pancreas. Contrast‐enhanced harmonic EUS could diagnose pancreatic carcinomas as hypovascular masses with a high sensitivity (89–96%) and specificity (64–88%). Contrast‐enhanced harmonic EUS also discriminates mural nodules from mucous clots in the intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms.