Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Actors’ Engagement in Sustainable Energy Planning at the Local Level in Ghana: An Empirical Study

Actors play a crucial role in sustainable energy development yet interaction in different contexts is an area that has not received much scholarly attention. Sustainable energy transitions theories such as the Multi-Level Perspective, for instance, have been criticized for not describing precisely the nature of the interactions between actors and institutions within socio-technical systems. The goal of this study was to empirically examine local actors’ engagement and its impact on the planning and implementation of sustainable energy initiatives in the villages and remote areas in Ghana. Using the mixed methodology approach, interviews were performed, focus discussion groups were held, and archival data were collected, and social network modeling and case study analysis was performed. Our findings showed that sustainable energy development at the local level depends on an interplay between local government agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), central government agencies, local communities, and private sector organizations. Despite being the focal point at the local level, local government involvement in sustainable energy planning is limited. In the case of Ghana, sustainable energy planning remains centralized and is manifested in a low level of awareness of local actors on national energy plans. The implication for decision makers is that energy planning functions should be devolved to the local government. Such devolution is expected to ensure the integration of sustainable energies into local government plans for the well-coordinated implementation and effective monitoring of sustainable energy projects.
Measuring Biological Diversity

Anne E Magurran (2004) Blackwell Science Ltd, Blackwell Publishing ISBN 0-632-05633-9 www.blackwellpublishing. com Soft cover, 260 pages, £32.50 African Journal of Aquatic Science 2004, 29(2): 285–286
Not Affected the Same Way: Gendered Outcomes for Commons and Resilience Grabbing by Large-Scale Forest Investors in Tanzania

The topic of large-scale land acquisition (LSLA) has attracted wide interest in the literature and the media. However, there is little work on the gendered institutional changes and gendered impacts on common pool resources (CPR) due to LSLA. The aim of this paper is to address these impacts. This is done by discussing data from participatory research (using the methods of participatory observation, semi-structured and narrative interviews, biographies, focus group discussions, value chain analysis, and household questionnaires) on a forestry plantation operated by the British investor, the New Forests Company (NFC) in the Kilolo district, in the Iringa region. The institutional arrangements regarding different land-related common pool resources from pre-colonial times until the arrival of this investment will be shown. Furthermore, how these arrangements have changed over time and since the LSLA is presented. Then, the effects on men’s and women’s access to CPR and, thus, the impacts on their capacities to perform their reproductive work and resilience will be addressed. Furthermore, the paper focuses on how different stakeholders in the land deal (the investor, the government, different local people) make use of these different institutions to push through their own interests regarding the land. Finally, the paper looks at collective compensation payments (such as monetary compensation and jobs) and forms of corporate social responsibility (CSR) schemes, and how they are perceived emically. It is argued that the LSLA in this case clearly grabs land and land-related common pool resources that were previously held in common. Women, such as daughters, sisters, and wives, had specific access and property rights to these. Thus, the paper concludes that this grabbing lowers women’s resilience and deprives them of important resources for their livelihoods, and for food and cash production at critical times. CSR programmes and compensation rarely reach women and are, for them, an anti-politics machine, hiding the grabbing processes, and impacting the poorest of the poor, while the company uses a development discourse to legitimise its activities. In fact, the people perceive the investment as trapping them in underdevelopment.
Forgiveness therapy for adult inmate in Indonesian correctional facility: a pilot study

ABSTRACT There is a great deal of research that forgiveness therapy shows positive impacts on one’s mental health in the general sample. However, there is still not much research on forgiveness therapy for inmates. This pilot study aimed to investigate the influence of forgiveness therapy on improving self-acceptance in Indonesian inmates. The participants in this study were seven adult inmates (M = 33 years, SD = 7.5). A quasi-experimental method, using the one-group pretest-posttest design, was employed, with measurements were taken three times (i.e., before, after, and one week after the intervention). The research instruments were the Heartland Forgiveness Scale and the Self-Acceptance Scale. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the score of self-acceptance before and after being given forgiveness therapy, with the score being t(6) = −2,764; p = 0,033 (p < 0,05). The qualitative data also supported the quantitative analysis that forgiveness therapy could increase the self-acceptance of the inmates. Results were expected to be used as the basis of treatment and the development of mental health programs in Indonesian correctional institutions.
The genus Euchone (Polychaeta, Sabellidae) in the Mediterranean Sea, addition of two new species and discussion on some closely related taxa

Mediterranean sabellid material preserved in the private collection of the Zoological Laboratory of Lecce University has been examined in order to revise all the specimens belonging to Euchone and related genera (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellinae). The description of two new species, E. pararosea n. sp. and E. pseudolimnicola n. sp. , is given together with the re‐description of E. rosea. The record of E. southernii and E. capensis previously reported for the Mediterranean Sea, as well as some taxa showing intermediate features among Euchone, Chone, and Amphicorina are discussed, focusing on the thoracic uncini shape. Cladistic analysis was also performed in order to clarify the systematic position of the newly described taxa.
Circularly Polarized Stack Yagi RFID Reader Antenna

A structure and power robust, circularly polarized (CP) stack Yagi antenna for radio frequency identification (RFID) reader application is proposed in this letter. To increase the bandwidth, a parasitic patch is added to an air-filled microstrip patch antenna to generate another resonance on the axial ratio (AR) curve. To increase its gain, a guiding patch is placed at a distance slightly below λ/4 away from the parasitic patch, which serves as the director of a common Yagi antenna. It increases the boresight gain by more than 1 dB. To fix the position and rotation angle of these three patches, a center column with a three-layer structure is applied. Also, to achieve better impedance matching, a shorting screw is added to the basic patch. The proposed antenna achieves a measured –10 dB impedance bandwidth of 5.3% (884–932 MHz), a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 4.8% (890–934 MHz), a peak gain of 9.8 dBic, and an efficiency of –0.42 dB at 915 MHz, which makes it very suitable for the 902–928 MHz ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification application. Its size is 0.73 × 0.73 × 0.33 λ915MHz (λ915MHz is the free-space wavelength at 915 MHz). The proposed antenna has an all-metal structure, which gives rise the characteristics of high mechanical strength, high power-handling, high radiation efficiency, easy to assemble and low fabrication cost.
A new strategy for the determination of forage degradability with an in situ technique through the use of one fistulated ruminant

Forage degradability data from pooled forage samples were compared to those obtained from field samples using an in situ technique. Four fistulated sheep were employed as part of a Split Plot design within a 4×2 factorial (four times of incubation as plots and two forages as subplots) over a 4×4 Latin Square. The field site sample technique led to more realistic confidence limits for all parameters when modelling forage degradation and suggested the possibility of working with a single fistulated ruminant. Such a technique meets animal welfare requirements, saves experimental work and may stimulate the use of the in situ technique with simpler designs.
Cooperative Extension and Sustainability Outreach: Programmatic Successes, Administrative Support, and Areas for Improvement

According to the 2018 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, without urgent global changes, climate catastrophe caused by warming of greater than 1.5°C will occur by 2030, endangering the planet's capacity to sustain human populations and livelihoods. The National Network for Sustainable Living Education administered a national survey in January 2017 to assess how well-positioned Extension is to address sustainability in the communities the organization serves. Educators from 40 states responded, and 1,395 usable surveys were received. Survey results will help Extension employees discover opportunities for innovation and relevancy in their programming.
Habitat and community structure modulate fish interactions in a neotropical clearwater river

ABSTRACT Species interactions can modulate the diversity and enhance the stability of biological communities in aquatic ecosystems. Despite previous efforts to describe fish interactions in tropical rivers, the role of habitat characteristics, community structure, and trophic traits over these interactions is still poorly understood. To investigate among-habitat variation in substratum feeding pressure and agonistic interactions between fishes, we used remote underwater videos in three habitats of a clearwater river in the Central Western, Brazil. We also performed visual surveys to estimate the abundance and biomass of fishes and proposed a trophic classification to understand how these variables can affect fish interactions. Community structure was the main factor affecting the variation in the interactions among the habitats. Biomass was the main variable determining which habitat a fish will feed on, while species abundance determined with how many other species it will interact in the agonistic interaction networks for each habitat. Specific habitats are not only occupied, but also used in distinct ways by the fish community. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of the heterogeneity of habitats in tropical rivers for the interactions performed by the fishes and how the intensity of these interactions is affected by community structure.
Single-Stage Nitrogen Removal Using Anammox and Partial Nitritation (SNAP) for Treatment of Synthetic Landfill Leachate

In the process named SNAP (Single-stage Nitrogen removal using Anammox and Partial Nitritation), influent ammonium was removed as nitrogen gas by the combination of two autotrophic steps, partial nitritation and anammox, in one unit process. The reactors were packed with acryl-resin fiber biomass carriers and gently aerated. The synthetic influent, simulating secondary-treated landfill leachate, contained ammonium concentrations of 240 mg-N/l and 500 mg-N/l for reactors named SN-2 and SN-3, respectively. Data from 300 days of SNAP operation using reactor SN-2 showed ammonium conversions of 47.7∼88.1% with nitrogen removal rates of 0.31∼0.45 kg-N/m3/d under various operational conditions. The best performance with loading rate of 0.6 kg-N/m3/d was obtained at 35°C, pH 7.8, and aeration rate of 0.10 vvm (volume per volume per minute), with 88.1% ammonium conversion and 78.5% nitrogen removal. The results of about 100 days of operation for reactor SN-3 confirmed the treatment capability of SNAP process, with about 80% nitrogen removal with loading rates up to 1.0 kg-N/m3/d. Some important characteristics of the SNAP process are discussed.
Quantifying the Effect of Plasmaspheric Hiss on the Electron Loss From the Slot Region

We present global statistical models of both wave amplitude and wave normal angle (WNA) of plasmaspheric hiss using Van Allen Probe‐A observations. They utilize the time history of solar wind parameters, that is, interplanetary magnetic field BZ and solar wind speed, and the AE index for each measurement of hiss waves as inputs. The solar wind parameter‐based model generally results in higher performance than using only the AE index as an input. Both observations and model results reveal a clear dependence of hiss wave distribution on the magnetic local time (MLT): Higher amplitudes with field‐aligned (<30o) WNAs occur more frequently on the dayside than on the nightside. Such a tendency does not depend on magnetic latitude (MLAT), but slightly larger WNAs with a relatively low amplitude frequently appear for larger MLAT (>10o). We also examine how significantly the electron loss rates in the slot region can be changed by incorporating the model output of hiss waves into a diffusive transport simulation. Simulation results show that during a typical timescale (roughly a couple of days) of a corotating interaction region‐driven storm, the nightside hiss waves with larger WNA (>30o) do not contribute to the electron loss in the slot region due to their low amplitude and large WNA, while dayside hiss with WNAs less than 30o and comparatively higher amplitudes leads to a fast drop in flux, especially for electrons of a few hundred keV.
Survival and transport of selected bacterial pathogens and indicator viruses under sandy aquifer conditions

Abstract Microbial contamination of groundwater is a serious threat to public health along the US‐Mexico border. The survival and transport of two pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium and Klebsiella sp.) and two indicator viruses (bacteriophages PRD‐1 and MS‐2), were studied using microcosms to determine the behavior of pathogenic microorganisms in the Rio Grande alluvium, which underlies the border between the United States and Mexico. Culturable populations of Salmonella typhimurium declined rapidly (>5 log units) to below detection limits within 12 days, while as much as 103 CFU/mL of Klebsiella sp. was viable even after 30 days. Less than 1% of the surviving Salmonella sp. population was viable based on microscopic viability assays. The population of both MS‐2 and PRD‐1 also declined rapidly (>6 log units) to below detection limits within 10 days. Salmonella sp. exhibited a relatively greater “straining”; or adsorbtion than the Klebsiella sp. under saturated conditions in a 0.2 m column. Even a.
Injuries in Sprint Canoeists and Kayakers: Etiology, Mechanisms of Injury, Treatment Options, and Practical Applications

On-water and dry-land training programs for sprint canoeists and kayakers are physically demanding. Musculoskeletal injuries particularly to the shoulder, thoracic, and scapula regions are common. Overtraining can lead to muscle imbalances, glenohumeral and scapular kinematic dysfunctions, softtissue damage, and pain. Preventive programs are required. However, objective research-based evidence for sprint canoeand kayak-specific preventive programming is lacking. This study will discuss common injuries sustained by paddlers, the mechanisms of these injuries, treatment and prevention approaches, and practical applications highlighting the need for coaches, clinicians, and strength and conditioning professionals to take a proactive approach in addressing high-risk injury factors. For a video abstract of this article, see Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links. lww.com/SCJ/A275.
Design and Experimental Verification of an Efficient SSCB Based on CS-MCT

A novel solid state circuit breaker (SSCB), which uses the cathode-short MOS-controlled thyristor (CS-MCT) as the main switch to achieve high power efficiency, is proposed for direct current (dc) microgrid protection. The proposed SSCB features the commutating circuit with a one-shot triggering characteristic and a compact size, which makes the SSCB realize a simple tripping process and easy integration. Furthermore, the SSCB charges the commutating capacitor and offers the interruption capability before the main switch is turned on. This avoids the possible failure of the breaker under the fault that occurs at the initial stage of the turn-on of the main switch, thus providing highly reliable and robust interruption capability for the SSCB. Circuit analysis and design guidelines are discussed in detail through the mathematical modeling. Moreover, the practical value and the feasibility of the SSCB are validated by 600-V/15-kW prototype experiments and further verified in dc microgrids through simulations.
Unveiling Intrinsic Value in Biodiversity Accounting: A Challenge for Accountants in Indonesia

This study aims to develop a conceptual framework of biodiversity accounting within the frame of intrinsic value using a deep ecological concept approach. This approach views biodiversity has inherent value as an object in the environment. Despite the difficulty to measure the intrinsic value of biodiversity, several studies have developed and used different methods for assessing and unveiling biodiversity in the entity’s reports. It has been a challenge for accounting science and the accounting profession in Indonesia to develop biodiversity accounting which can be incorporated into the entity's financial statements. Therefore a conceptual framework is needed to integrate the intrinsic value. The proposed conceptual framework is developed from the first level, which is the policy or regulation as the basis for planning ecological activities. It is followed by the second level, i.e. the implementation process in the form of specific projects. Finally, the third level is the evaluation of the performance of the entity's ecological activities (P3FEA).
The impact of carrying load on physical performance during ascending evacuation movement

This study investigates how ascending movement is affected by carrying load during a stair‐climbing motion. The methods adopted are based on exercise physiology and fire safety engineering. Experiments with 21 volunteers with mean (SD) age of 27 (4) have been carried out on a stair machine with or without carrying a mass of 8 kg, typical weight of a hand luggage or the average weight of an 8‐months old infant. Oxygen uptake (V˙O2), heart rate (HR), metabolic rate (M), and perceived exertion results showed a decrease in performance in the scenario with additional load. Participants climbed an average of 92 m without carrying a load, in comparison to 84 m when they were carrying it in a 5 minutes task. An average increase of 4% in the V˙O2 and the HR was found in the experiments with the additional mass. The strongest correlating variables observed were M and the vertical distance covered. Differences in perceived exertion occurred after four minutes into the exercise, with higher values in the case with additional load. These results show the need for considering the negative impact of carrying load while designing infrastructures in case of ascending evacuation and while developing evacuation modelling tools.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN KOGNITIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK KELAS 5 SD

The purpose of this research is to know about 1) how to improve knowledge scoring instrument in theme of grade 5 elementary school; 2) quality knowledge scoring instrument in thematic of grade 5 from analysis the test. The type of this research is Research and Development (R&D) from Borg & Gall that modified by Sukmadinata. This research have 3 procedures, 1) preliminary studies, 2) improve the product, 3) product trial. The subject of this research is Students of grade 5 Dorolegi 1 elementary school, 1 Ketangirejo elementary school, and 1 Sindurejo elementary School in Grobogan. The type of data used primer from test technique that was multiple choice instrument. Analysis technique used classic items. The results of the study show that 1) how to improve knowledge scoring instrument used theme, KI,KD, Indicators of Competence Achievement, measuring instrument, grid, item, trial 1, trial 1, revision 1, trial 2, item 2 analysis, revision 2, trial 3, item 3 analysis, determine final product. 2) Instrument of the multiple choices item consisted of 42 items. From a classic analysis, the items have validity r>0,20, medium reliable reliability 0,25<P<0,75, distinguishing power received P<0,20, bleach power 59,5% works very well and 40,5% bleach power works well. Over that, knowledge scoring instrument in theme 6 heat and displacement of grade 5 suitable for use as a good instrument
Assisting Human Decisions in Document Matching

Many practical applications, ranging from paper-reviewer assignment in peer review to job-applicant matching for hiring, require human decision makers to identify relevant matches by combining their expertise with predictions from machine learning models. In many such model-assisted document matching tasks, the decision makers have stressed the need for assistive information about the model outputs (or the data) to facilitate their decisions. In this paper, we devise a proxy matching task that allows us to evaluate which kinds of assistive information improve decision makers' performance (in terms of accuracy and time). Through a crowdsourced (N=271 participants) study, we find that providing black-box model explanations reduces users' accuracy on the matching task, contrary to the commonly-held belief that they can be helpful by allowing better understanding of the model. On the other hand, custom methods that are designed to closely attend to some task-specific desiderata are found to be effective in improving user performance. Surprisingly, we also find that the users' perceived utility of assistive information is misaligned with their objective utility (measured through their task performance).
Chitin‐supplemented Foliar Application of Serratia marcescens GPS 5 Improves Control of Late Leaf Spot Disease of Groundnut by Activating Defence‐related Enzymes

Chitinolytic Serratia marcescens GPS 5 and non-chitinolytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa GSE 18, with and without supplementation of chitin, were tested for their ability to activate defence-related enzymes in groundnut leaves. Thirty-day-old groundnut (cv. TMV 2) plants pretreated with GPS 5 and GSE 18 (with and without supplementation of 1% colloidal chitin) were challenge inoculated after 24 h with Phaeoisariopsis personata, the causal agent of late leaf spot (LLS) disease of groundnut. GPS 5 and GSE 18, applied as a prophylactic spray, reduced the lesion frequency by 23% and 67%, respectively, compared with control. Chitin supplementation had no effect on the control of LLS by GSE 18, unlike GPS 5, which upon chitin supplementation reduced the lesion frequency by 64%, compared with chitin alone. In a time course study the activities of chitinase, β-1,3- glucanase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase were determined for the different treatments. There was an enhanced activity of the four defence-related enzymes with all the bacterial treatments when compared with phosphate buffer and colloidal chitin-treated controls. In correlation to disease severity in bacterial treatments, chitin-supplemented GSE 18 was similar to GSE 18, whereas chitin-supplemented GPS 5 was much more effective than GPS 5, in activation of the defence-related enzymes. The high levels of enzyme activities following chitin-supplemented GPS 5 application continued up to the measured 13 days after pathogen inoculation