Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coverage Layout Design Rules and Insertion Utilities for CMP-Related Processes

The continuous scaling needed for higher density and better performance has introduced some new challenges to the planarity processes. This has resulted in new definitions of the layout coverage rules developed by the foundry and provided to the designers. In advanced technologies, the set of rules considers both the global and the local coverage of the front-end-of line (FEOL) dielectric layers, to the back-end-of-line (BEOL) Cu layers and Al layers, to support high-k/Metal Gate process integration. For advance technologies, a new set of rules for dummy feature insertion was developed by the integrated circuit (IC) manufacturers in order to fulfill coverage limits. New models and utilities for fill insertion were developed, taking into consideration the design coverage, thermal effects, sensitive signal line, critical analog and RF devices like inductors, and double patterning requirements, among others. To minimize proximity effects, cell insertion was also introduced. This review is based on published data from leading IC manufacturers with a careful integration of new experimental data accumulated by the authors. We aim to present a typical foundry perspective. The review provides a detailed description of the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process and the coverage dependency, followed by a comprehensive description of coverage rules needed for dielectric, poly, and Cu layers used in advanced technologies. Coverage rules verification data are then presented. RF-related aspects of some rules, like the size and the distance of dummy features from inductors, are discussed with additional design-for-manufacturing layout recommendations as developed by the industry.
Successful reproduction of Trachemys scripta in the Altrhein of Kehl (Germany) and simultaneous increase in population estimate

The European Union categorises pond sliders (Trachemys scripta) as invasive species for which all member countries have to develop an action plan. To date it has been assumed that the climate in Germany is too cold for T. scripta to survive or reproduce. Data collected annually from 2016 to 2020 show that the population of exotic pond turtles in an oxbow lake (Althrein of Kehl, Germany) did not decrease but increased. In addition, the diversity of species released was found to be high, five other exotic species in addition to T. scripta were observed. The population of T. scripta in particular appears to be increasing, with no indication of high mortality due to cold winters and apparently regular successful reproduction (hatchlings observed in four out of five study years and caught in two years). The current action plan in Germany for T. scripta will have to change if potential negative impacts are to be avoided. Other west and central European countries might also have to modify their action plans accordingly.
Energy Efficiency Efforts at Dukuh Golf Kemayoran Apartment

The existence of apartments today has become a residential choice for people in big cities, including Jakarta. These vertical dwellings usually consist of various types of dwellings and buildings are designed with an area, space pattern, location of furniture, and supporting facilities that are similar in each type. Another thing to note is that most middle and upper-class apartments are equipped with high technology facilities such as private lifts on certain units, wifi, and smart home technology systems, one of which is in the apartment of the Mansion Dukuh Golf Kemayoran Jakarta. Apart from being designed with lighting and ventilation through the openings in each room, the residential units in this apartment also use technology applications in several types of residential units. This study aims to determine energy efficiency efforts at the Kemayoran Golf Hamlet Apartment. The study was prepared using a qualitative descriptive method. The expected benefits of this study are so that apartment dwellers know more and can use technology as much as possible for energy efficiency. From the results of the study note that the layout of the openings and the existence of technology in the Kemayoran Golf Hamlet Apartment is an efficient energy efficiency effort and can create the comfort of its inhabitants.
Doping dependent on the p-type thermoelectric properties of ZnO: First principle calculation

First principles calculations were used to investigate the structural, electronic, dielectric, optical and thermoelectric properties of Cu-X (where X= C, N, S, F, P) doped ZnO films. In this work, density functional theory based on the generalized-gradient-approximation plus Hubbard parameters (GGA+U) and Boltzmann transport theory have been used to calculate the electronic and thermoelectric properties, respectively. It is concluded that the Cu-F co-doped ZnO is n-type semiconductor while the others are p-type semiconductors. All the simulated materials are found to be transparent in the visible region with varying values of the electronic band gap. Furthermore, Cu-S co-doped ZnO exhibits the best thermoelectric performance amongst all the other co-doped elements.
Optical tweezers as tools for studying molecular interactions at surfaces

It is shown here that an optical tweezer can successfully be employed to study interactions between coated microbeads and either biological surfaces, viz. membranes of neuronal cells, or artificial surfaces derivatized with amino acids. For biological applications, polystyrene beads of a diameter of 3 micrometer were coated with different proteins of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and brought into contact with glial cells and neurons. By comparing interaction forces, effects of bacterial phospholipase C, formation of membrane threads and surfing distances of bound ECM protein coated beads on cells we demonstrate a different anchorage of the tenascin-C receptor in primary neurons and glia. To study interactions at artificial surfaces with optical tweezers, polystyrene beads with a diameter of 10 micrometer were coated with different amino acids. Friction coefficients were measured between these beads and glass surfaces comprising amino acids coupled to well-defined layers of cellulose derivatives produced by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The technique provides an easy method for friction measurements and the characterization and quality control of surfaces. We conclude that optical tweezers are a powerful tool for the characterization of biological and artificial surfaces.
Classification of Prostate Cancer and Determination of Related Factors with Different Artificial Neural Network

Objective: In this study, it is aimed to classify prostate cancer, compare the predictions of these two models and determine the factors associated with the disease by applying Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) and Radial-Based Function Neural Network (RBFNN) methods on the open access Prostate cancer dataset. Methods: In this study, the dataset named "Prostate Cancer Data Set" was used by obtaining from https://www.kaggle. com/sajidsaifi/prostate-cancer address. To classify prostate cancer, MLPNN and RBFNN methods, which are artificial neural network models, is used. The classification performance of the models was evaluated with the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value and positive predictive value, which are among the classification performance metrics. Prostate cancer related factors were estimated by using MLPNN and RBFNN models. Results: With the applied MLPNN model, performance metric values were obtained as AUC 0.937, Sensitivity 100%, accuracy 92.5%, Selectivity 84.6%, Positive predictive value 87.5% and Negative predictive value 100%. With the RBFNN model, the performance metric values were obtained as AUC 0.921, Sensitivity 83.3%, accuracy 86.6%, Selectivity 91.6%, Positive predictive value 93.7% and Negative predictive value 78.5%. When the effects of variables in the dataset in this study on prostate cancer are examined; The three most important variables for the MLPNN model were obtained as perimeter, area and compactness, respectively. For the RBFNN model, the three most important variables were obtained as perimeter, area and compactness, respectively. Conclusion: It was seen that MLPNN and RBFNN models used in this study gave successful predictions in the classification of prostate cancer. In addition, estimating the significance values of factors associated with the disease with these classification models made it different from similar studies with the same dataset.
Anticancer activity of novel Schiff bases and azo dyes derived from 3-amino-4-hydroxy-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-2,5(6H)-dione

New Schiff bases and azo dyes derivatives have been synthesized via appropriate conventional methods using pyranoquinolinone as a starting material. The compounds obtained were characterized by spectral analysis and evaluated for anticancer activity in several human tumor cell lines: MCF-7 breast cancer, HepG2 liver cancer and HCT-116 colon carcinoma. 5-fluorouracil was used as a reference drug. The in vitro cytotoxicity screening results revealed that all tested compounds showed promising activity against MCF-7 cells. In particular, compounds 6a, 6b, and 7b showed excellent activity against the three human tumor cell lines. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that the azo derivative with a trifluoromethoxy group (compound 7b) was the most potent candidate against the three human tumor cell lines (IC50, 1.82-8.06 μg/mL). Our findings highlight pyranoquinolinone analogues as a promising class of compounds for new anticancer therapies.
A Study on the Performance Analysis of Entity Name Recognition Techniques Using Korean Patent Literature

Entity name recognition is a part of information extraction that extracts entity names from documents and classifies the types of extracted entity names. Entity name recognition technologies are widely used in natural language processing, such as information retrieval, machine translation, and query response systems. Various deep learning-based models exist to improve entity name recognition performance, but studies that compared and analyzed these models on Korean data are insufficient. In this paper, we compare and analyze the performance of CRF, LSTM-CRF, BiLSTM-CRF, and BERT, which are actively used to identify entity names using Korean data. Also, we compare and evaluate whether embedding models, which are variously used in recent natural language processing tasks, can affect the entity name recognition model's performance improvement. As a result of experiments on patent data and Korean corpus, it was confirmed that the BiLSTM-CRF using FastText method showed the highest performance.
Study of Variation of aerosols on High Mountain, Jomsom

The daily aerosol optical depth (AOD) data are derived from AERONET over Jomsom (lat.:28.47N, long.:83.83E, alt.: 2,700 m above sea level) for a period of one year 2012.Annual mean of parameters of aerosols are calculated. The effect of different physical as well as meteorological parameters on Angstrom exponential (α) were analyzed. Annual mean of Angstrom exponential (α), Angstrom turbidity coefficient (β) and curvature of AOD (a2) are 1.24 ± 0.54, 0.05 ± 0.04,4.06 ± 1.44 respectively. Annual average of visibility is 18.48 ± 1.093km. Result of this research work is beneficial for the further identification, impact and analysis of aerosols at different places.
Revisiting the spatiotemporal characteristics of past and future global warming

It is still an open question, which processes lead to the spatiotemporal specifications of observed near-surface temperature changes over recent decades. Here, we contribute to this debate by investigating a large number of theory-based atmospheric fields referring to the radiation and energy budget and to atmospheric dynamics that may serve as predictors for local temperature changes. The predictors are linked to temperature trends from reanalysis and climate model data, using a sophisticated spatial and temporal statistical model. Temperature changes since the mid-20th century exhibit distinct regional and seasonal differences. After 1990, the near-surface warming rate is more enhanced over landmasses rather than oceans and roughly increases with latitude in both hemispheres. While none of the considered predictors solitarily accounts for the spatial heterogeneity of recent temperature trends, their linear combination largely reproduces the observed cooling pattern during the mid-20th century and the enhanced warming pattern after 1990. This excludes high-altitude areas, sea ice margins and upwelling regions where local feedbacks and nonlinear processes prevail. The leading predictors pertain to radiative processes, especially downward longwave radiation, and changes in sensible heat fluxes. In the low latitudes, dynamical processes such as temperature advection and energy flux divergence also play a role. Until the end of the 21st century, the warming rate and its ocean-land contrast steadily increase. The underlying mechanisms are the same as the ones already established in present-day climate, but near-surface temperature follows more straightly the imposed greenhouse gas scenario. Climate models have different skills in reproducing the observed trend pattern but exhibit more or less the same mechanisms of temperature control.
Comfort Evaluation by Wearing a Gait-Assistive Rehabilitation Robot

This study analyzed a subject’s body reaction and subjective sensation when wearing a gait-assistive rehabilitation robot. The research method measured skin and clothing surface temperatures for ‘seating-standing’ and ‘walking in place’ exercises after wearing a gait-assistive rehabilitation robot. In addition, subjective sensation and satisfaction were evaluated on a 7-point Likert scale. The study results showed that the average skin temperature during exercise while wearing the gait-assistive rehabilitation robot was within a comfortable range. However, during the ‘seating-standing’ exercise, the skin temperature was slightly lowered. Additionally, the clothing surface temperature tended to be lower than the pre-exercise temperature after all exercises. The subjective sensation evaluation results showed that the wear comfort of the waist part was low during mobility/activity. In addition, an overall improvement in the wear comfort of the robot is necessary. The short-time movement of wearing and walking in the gait-assistive rehabilitation robot did not interfere with the thermal comfort of the body. However, the robot needs to be ergonomically improved in consideration of the long wearing time along with improved material that to satisfy overall wearing comfort.
Modeling of Jakarta Islamic Index Stock Volatility Return Pattern with Garch Model

Along with the large number of investors transacting on Islamic stocks, the movement of stock prices becomes more volatile. The purpose of this research is to examine the behavior of volatility patterns in shares incorporated in the Jakarta Islamic Index using the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model. This study uses daily data from six stocks contained in the Jakarta Islamic Index during the period January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2019. Data volatility is seen using the GARCH model. Estimation results for daily data show that the volatility of ASII, SMGR, TLKM, UNTR, and UNVR shares is influenced by the error and return volatility of the previous day. This is indicated by the GARCH effect on each regression result. The results of the study are beneficial for an investor, and if you want to invest with a low level of risk, you can choose TLKM shares. But if you're going to get a high level of return, you can invest in UNTR shares. For securities analysis, you can use the GARCH model that has been tested to predict volatility in the Jakarta Islamic Index.
MEDICINAL PLANT USED FORTHE TREATMENT OF MUSCULAR SPRAIN BY THE TANGKHUL TRIBE OF UKHRUL DISTRICT, MANIPUR, INDIA

Ukhrul district of Manipur is a hilly region predominantly inhabited by the Tangkhul tribe. The Tangkhul people of this hilly region are mainly dependent on the forest and are quiet familiar with local herbs found in the village surroundings and forest areas not only for their food but also provide a major part of the medicine for the treatment of various diseases and ailments especially for the poor people living in the district.Recent ethnomedicinal survey (2016 â€“ 2017) among the Tangkhul community revealed the use of 35 species of angiosperms, covering 34 genera and 25 families which they use to treat muscular sprain.The present study was carried out through structured questionnaires in consultations with the elders and Tangkhul practitioners.Some significant medicinal plants which are used by the Tangkhul tribe for the treatment of muscular sprain are Argyreia nervosa, Cyperus rotundus, Equisetum ramosissinum,Homskioldia sanguine,Mikania cordata, Xylosma longifolia, etc. Plantation of medicinal plant species in home gardens and farm areas has shown its commercial potential and steps for conserving economically significant diverse plants of this hilly region.
Robust Two-Qubit Gates for Donors in Silicon Controlled by Hyperfine Interactions

We present two strategies for performing two-qubit operations on the electron spins of an exchangecoupled pair of donors in silicon, using the ability to set the donor nuclear spins in arbitrary states. The effective magnetic detuning of the two electron qubits is provided by the hyperfine interaction when the two nuclei are prepared in opposite spin states. This can be exploited to switch SWAP operations on and off with modest tuning of the electron exchange interaction. Furthermore, the hyperfine detuning enables highfidelity conditional rotation gates based on selective resonant excitation. The latter requires no dynamic tuning of the exchange interaction at all and offers a very attractive scheme to implement two-qubit logic gates under realistic experimental conditions.
Immediate Systems in Architectural Research and Praxis

Immediate Systems are defined as systems that overcome the limitations of remote design by embedding design and implementation in situations of use. This paper extends the theoretical framing of IS and traces three approaches towards IS in architecture: as adhocist mode of action, as acceleration of design transfer and as human-architecture symbiosis. These three approaches consider the same phenomenon from different perspectives respectively, that of the lived experience of the user-designer, that of the designer’s methodology and technology, and that of ecology.
All-trans Retinoic Acid Induces Expression and Secretion of Carboxypeptidase D in THP-1 Cells

Carboxypeptidase D (CPD) is a zinc-dependent protease, which is highly expressed in macrophages, and is thought to participate in inflammatory processes. In the present study, we investigated the possible regulatory effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which is an active form of vitamin A and plays a critical regulatory role in both the innate and adaptive immunity, on CPD expression and secretion in human monocytic THP-1 cells. CPD mRNA expression first increased, from a concentration as low as 10 nM ATRA to a maximum level of expression, at 1 μM. ATRA enhanced intracellular CPD expression in a timeand concentration-dependent manner but did not affect cell surface CPD expression. Interestingly, 9-cis-RA did not affect CPD expression. Additionally, an experiment with RAR/RXR selective agonist or antagonists demonstrated that ATRA-induced enhancement of CPD expression was RAR/RXR dependent. ATRA also enhanced CPD secretion from THP-1 cells; however, this enhancement was RAR/RXR-independent. The anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone reversed ATRA-induced enhancement of CPD expression and secretion. Our results suggest ATRA exerts regulatory effects on expression and secretion of CPD in human monocytes, and ATRA-induced CPD secretion may be associated with inflammatory response.
Business to Business E-Commerce Sales System Using Web-Based Quotation: a case study on Company X

The use of information systems in the era of industry 4.0 has now developed so rapidly that the production process runs with internet technology as the main support. At present, information technology has been widely used in various circles because it can simplify and shorten time required for daily tasks. Because of this the sales program is designed to support current business processes so as not to lag behind other business competitors.
Non-sequential Division

The division operation is important for many areas of data processing. Especially considering today’s demand for hardware accelerators for machine learning algorithms, there is a high demand for an efﬁcient calculation of the division function, e.g. for averaging operations or the online calculation of activation functions. For such algorithms, which are often iterative in nature, one would like to have a non-sequential way of calculating the division operation. The work presents such an approach. It is based on an efﬁcient way of calculating the reciprocal operation, based on a low complexity approximation combined with a correction function. The described approach allows approximating the division operation (with errors that can be made arbitrarily low), within one clock cycle using only low hardware requirements (although one might reasonably use more clock cycles to increase the clock frequency). These hardware requirements are scale-able depending on the desired precision. We show results obtained by synthesis and hardware simulations demonstrating the low complexity and high clock speed achievable with the described method.
Structure Guided Lane Detection

Recently, lane detection has made great progress with the rapid development of deep neural networks and autonomous driving. However, there exist three mainly problems including characterizing lanes, modeling the structural relationship between scenes and lanes, and supporting more attributes (e.g., instance and type) of lanes. In this paper, we propose a novel structure guided framework to solve these problems simultaneously. In the framework, we first introduce a new lane representation to characterize each instance. Then a top-down vanishing point guided anchoring mechanism is proposed to produce intensive anchors, which efficiently capture various lanes. Next, multi-level structural constraints are used to improve the perception of lanes. In the process, pixel-level perception with binary segmentation is introduced to promote features around anchors and restore lane details from bottom up, a lane-level relation is put forward to model structures (i.e., parallel) around lanes, and an image-level attention is used to adaptively attend different regions of the image from the perspective of scenes. With the help of structural guidance, anchors are effectively classified and regressed to obtain precise locations and shapes. Extensive experiments on public benchmark datasets show that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods with 117 FPS on a single GPU.