Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Economic Performance of Indonesian Rice-based Agribusiness

Abstract. Inefficiency is one of major causes of low performance in Indonesian rice production. This study measures the technical efficiency of rice production in five Indonesian regions and examines its determining factors. A stochastic frontier production function is used to reflect best practice production given certain levels of input use with equal amounts of technology. Unbalanced panel data on input-output rice production consisting of 358 farm operation in 2003, 2008 and 2013 are employed for estimating frontier production functions. The results indicate that variation in rice production across the five main regions is due primarily to variation in technical efficiency. Sources of variation within technical inefficiency include household characteristics, composition of labour and tractor use. Of the five regions investigated, rice production on Java is the most efficient. Technical efficiency of rice production increases over time in all five regions but remains low overall. This study concludes that there is considerable room for productivity improvements in Indonesian rice-based agribusiness through increases in technical efficiency. Keywords: farm level panel data, rice agribusiness, stochastic production frontier, technical efficiency Abstrak. Inefisiensi merupakan salah satu penyebab utama rendahnya kinerja agribisnis bebasis padi di Indonesia. Studi ini mengukur efisiensi teknis produksi padi di lima wilayah Indonesia dan meneliti faktor-faktor yang menentukan efisiensi. Fungsi produksi frontier stokastik digunakan untuk menduga produksi terbaik pada tingkat penggunaan input dan teknologi tertentu dengan jumlah yang sama. Data panel input-output produksi padi yang terdiri dari 358 agribisnis padi pada tahun 2003, 2008 dan 2013 digunakan untuk memperkirakan fungsi produksi frontier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi produksi padi di lima wilayah utama terutama disebabkan oleh perbedaan efisiensi teknis. Sumber variasi dalam inefisiensi teknis meliputi karakteristik rumah tangga petani, komposisi tenaga kerja dan traktor digunakan. Dari lima wilayah penelitian, produksi padi di Jawa adalah yang paling efisien. Efisiensi teknis produksi padi meningkat dari waktu ke waktu di semua lima wilayah namun tetap rendah secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada cukup peluang untuk memperbaiki produktivitas agribisnis padi Indonesia melalui peningkatan efisiensi teknis. Kata kunci: agribisnis padi, efisiensi teknis, produksi frontier stokastik, panel data tingkat petani
A Security Model for an Operating System for Security-Critical Applications in Small Office and Home Environment

Personal computers are often used in small office and home environment for different purposes ranging from general web browsing and e mail processing to processing data that are sensitive regarding their confidentiality and/or integrity. Common operating systems do not provide sufficient protection. We present a security model combining the well known benefits of mandatory access control in classified information processing systems with the typical home and small office computer use. We use a simple two-dimensional data classification scheme and present a security model with provable properties that significantly reduces the risks of confidentiality and/or integrity protection violation.
New approach to resolving instantaneous integer ambiguity resolution for spacecraft attitude determination using GPS signals

A fast 3-part method is introduced for the solution of the attitude of a low Earth orbit satellite using the GPS system as a source of phase information. A possibly novel method is used to overcome the well known integer ambiguity problem, involving the Gram Schmidt orthogonalization procedure at one stage and a fast replacement for the usual QUEST solution of the least mean square attitude solution.
Design of a circularly polarized rectangular microstrip antenna for GPS applications

A compact design of a single feed microstrip antenna for circular polarization (CP) is proposed and studied.CP is brought about by embedding a slot in a cross shaped patch. The structure enables an area reduction of 46% as compared to conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The antenna offers a 2:1 VSWR bandwidth from 1.53 to 1.61 GHz on a substrate of dielectric constant 4.4 and height 1.6 mm with a broadside radiation characteristic in the entire band. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is 5% with moderate gain that covers global positioning system (GPS) L1 band. Simulation and experimental results of the antenna are presented and discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:468–470, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25706
Searching for hidden site factors - species pool and land use blurring Swiss forest vegetation types

Wildi, O. : Searching for hidden site factors – species pool and land use blurring Swiss forest vegetation types. — Fl. Medit. 31(Special Issue): 43-53. — ISSN: 1120-4052 printed, 22404538 online. A numerical analysis of data more than 50 years old shows that two zones of particularly high fuzziness appear in the as yet valid classification of forest vegetation in Switzerland. This raises the question of the causes of the phenomenon, but also that of a possible correction. The results show that the crispness of the classification is significantly improved by bypassing some dominant tree species. This is true for Fagus sylvatica in lower altitudes of the country, but especially for the beech forests in general. Picea excelsa, probably the most frequently tree species planted in the past, predominantly blurs the subalpine forest classification. For some less frequent tree species (Castanea sativa, Larix decidua) it can be shown that rare plantings were often made in locations unsuitable for the species. Many analyses are only possible with the help of a more recent, systematically collected data set, which also includes numerous environmental variables. This is now already 25 years old, which means that the species composition known today is not up do date. The general species poverty of all forests of Central Europe is likely to make them particularly vulnerable to drought events, storms and insect infestation.
Increasing the power of piezoelectric energy harvesters by magnetic stiffening

A piezoelectric cantilever beam with a tip mass at its free end is a common energy harvester configuration. This article introduces a new principle of designing such a harvester that increases the generated power without changing the resonance frequency of the harvester: the attraction force between two permanent magnets is used to add stiffness to the system. This magnetic stiffening counters the effect of the tip mass on the efficient operation frequency. Five set-ups incorporating piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers of the same type in different mechanical configurations are compared theoretically and experimentally to investigate the feasibility of this principle: theoretical and experimental results show that magnetically stiffened harvesters have important advantages over conventional set-ups with and without tip mass. They generate more power while only slightly increasing the deflection in the piezoelectric harvester and they can be tuned across a wide range of excitation frequencies.
Establishment and Development of Laboratory Based Motorcycle Crash Test Facility

Road safety researchers have built full scale motorcycle crash test systems to test and verify crashworthiness of two and four-wheeled vehicles. Different operation method and crash scenarios were simulated to obtain the best results mimicking real events. Nevertheless, one major drawback in a full scale motorcycle crash test is the difficulty in conducting a parametric study. Therefore, this study aims to focus in the development of a laboratory based motorcycle crash test facility which includes the design and development of a movable barrier, known as ‘trolley’, motorcycle Centre of Gravity (CG) bar, CG stand and MechT TM Impactor. Various design factors have been considered and factored in designing this crash test facility. Experimental tests and finite element analysis are used to validate the design. A movable barrier is also specifically developed in enabling various impact considerations in meeting market requirements via industrial applications. With the laboratory based crash test facility, crashworthiness of the motorcycle could be determined in various impact specifications. Motorcycle crash test could be optimized via various parameters with repetitive ability, hence saving costs and time while yielding invaluable results.
Cmol crossnets as defect-tolerant classifiers

Hybrid circuits consisting of a CMOS chip and add-on nanowire crossbar have gained much attention recently since this concept can compensate for the limited functionality of nanodevices fabricated with the reproducibility necessary for integrated circuits. In this concept, two perpendicular layers of nanowire of crossbar are connected with two-terminal latching switches formed at every cross point. In the 'CMOL' variety of hybrid circuits, each individual nanowire can be addressed individually from the CMOS subsystem through an interconnect pin. As a result, each latching switch can be turned on or off independently. The main advantage of such systems comes from the unprecedented density of the nanowire crossbar. According to our estimates, CrossNets-mixed-signal neuromorphic architectures, based on CMOL-may outperform the cerebral cortex in terms of areal density. This fact encouraged us to explore these CrossNets. This dissertation describes CrossNet-based Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP) with discrete and defective synapses, and in particular various options of their supervised training as pattern classifiers. The simplest training option here is "weight import"; after training a precursor network, synaptic weights are copied to the discrete synapses of CrossNets. This rule has been applied successfully to a large-scale benchmark task MNIST. However, weight import training with a precursor network may become impracticably slow when the required network size is too large. In order to train such large networks, weights should be computed inside a CrossNet without a precursor network. Our idea of such in-situ training algorithms is based on the stochastic multiplication, implemented with Cross-Net synapses. We have shown that the in-situ algorithm can be used to train CrossNet-based MLP to perform handwritten digit recognition. Moreover, the trained CrossNets have demonstrated high defect tolerance. We believe our research will help to design, in future, more complex (hierarchical/modular) systems working similarly to our brain.
Mixed-mode QPSK demodulator for home networking applications

A mixed-mode QPSK demodulator for home networking application is demonstrated. The target application is high-bandwidth data transmission through the CATV line at home. A prototype chip realised by a 0.18 µm CMOS process can demodulate 1 Gbit/s QPSK data with 1.7 GHz carrier frequency in a 20 m CATV line link. It consumes 20.8 mW from an 1.8 V power supply while the area is 170×200 µm2.
Investigation of the Oppening Effects on the Behavior of Concrete Beams Without Additional Reinforcement in Opening Region Using Fem Method

In this study a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element method using ANSYS 10.0, a finite element analysis software, has been employed to simulate the simply supported concrete beams consisting of circular openings with varying diameters. The effects of circular opening size on the behavior of such beams were investigated in this research. Two cases were carried out for verification study. Subsequently, numerous models of simply supported reinforced concrete rectangular section beams with circular and square opening were loaded monotonically with two incremental concentrated loads. The beams were simulated to obtain the load-deflection behavior and compared with the solid concrete beam. All beams had an identical cross section of 100 mm × 250 mm and 2000 mm in length with the circular opening in seven diameters: 150 mm, 130 mm, 120 mm, 110 mm, 100 mm, 80 mm and 60 mm and an equivalent square opening with 133 mm in width. The results obtained from this study showed that the performance of the beams with circular openings with diameter less than 0.48D (D is depth of the beam web) has no effect on the ultimate load capacity of the RC rectangular section beams. On the other hand, introducing the circular opening with diameter more than 0.48D reduces the ultimate load capacity of the RC rectangular section beams at least 26%.
Combinações de redes neurais e discriminantes lineares para classificação de arritmias cardíacas

—In this work, we use multilayer neural networks (MLP), recurrent neural networks, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and combinations of these methods for automatic clas-siﬁcation of cardiac arrhythmias. In order to obtain clinically realistic results for the diagnosis, patients records used during the training phase were not used in the test set. The results indicate that the combination of MLP with LDA presents a better performance compared to those of individual models. Furthermore, this combined scheme achieves classiﬁcation metrics superior to those reported in the literature for the supraventricular ectopic beats (S) and the ventricular ectopic beats (V) arrhythmia classes.
Analysis of a parallel resonant converter with secondary-side resonance

A high-frequency (HF) link parallel resonant DC/DC converter operating in the lagging power factor mode with the resonating capacitor on the secondary side of the HF transformer is analyzed using a state-space approach. Closed-form solutions (except for the duration of diode conduction) are obtained for steady-state conditions, and design curves are obtained. A method of obtaining optimum operating point under certain constraints is developed and is used as the basis of a simple design procedure. A theoretical study comparing the performance of three MOSFET-based 1-kW converters with different transformer turn ratios under load changes from rated-load to 10% load is carried out. Experimental results obtained with these converters with different transformer turn ratios are also presented. >
DSP-based online optimal PWM multilevel control for fuel cell power conditioning systems

This paper focuses on fuel cell as an alternate source of energy has increased due to the many advantages that it can offer in comparison to the conventional energy sources such as fossil fuel and nuclear power. Design and characteristics of a fuel cell power conditioning system (PCS) play a significant role in determining the acceptance of large-scale fuel cell generation systems by power utilities. A modular structured multilevel inverter (MSMI) topology with a digital signal processor (DSP)-based control scheme suitable for high power fuel cell PCS applications is proposed in this paper. Both are described in detail and their performance verified based on simulation and experimental results.
Uncertainty and State Estimation of Power Systems

The evolving complexity of electric power systems with higher levels of uncertainties is a new challenge faced by system operators. Therefore, new methods for power system prediction, monitoring and state estimation are relevant for the efficient exploitation of renewable energy sources and the secure operation of network assets.In order to estimate all possible operating conditions of power systems, this Thesis proposes the use of Gaussian mixture models to represent non-Gaussian correlated input variables, such as wind power output or aggregated load demands in the probabilistic load flow problem. The formulation, based on multiple Weighted Least Square runs, is also extended to monitor distribution radial networks where the uncertainty of these networks is aggravated by the lack of sufficient real-time measurements.This research also explores reduction techniques to limit the computational demands of the probabilistic load flow and it assesses the impact of the reductions on the resulting probability density functions of power flows and bus voltages.The development of synchronised measurement technology to support monitoring of electric power systems in real-time is also studied in this work. The Thesis presents and compares different formulations for incorporating conventional and synchronised measurements in the state estimation problem. As a result of the study, a new hybrid constrained state estimator is proposed. This constrained formulation makes it possible to take advantage of the information from synchronised phasor measurements of branch currents and bus voltages in polar form. Additionally, the study is extended to assess the advantages of PMU measurements in multi-area state estimators and it explores a new algorithm that minimises the data exchange between local area state estimators.Finally, this research work also presents the advantages of dynamic state estimators supported by Synchronised Measurement Technology. The dynamic state estimator is compared with the static approach in terms of accuracy and performance during sudden changes of states and the presence of bad data. All formulations presented in this Thesis were validated in different IEEE test systems.
Examination of lumber price trends for major hardwood species

Over the last 40 years, trends in interspecies and intergrade hardwood lumber prices have been erratic. In the early 1960s, high- and midgrade hard maple commanded high prices while red oak was the least valuable lumber regardless of grade. In the 1980s, high- and midgrade oak prices surged, but prices of all grades of maple and yellow-poplar declined. During the 1990s, maple prices increased in all grades while the price of oak increased only in the lower grades. It is important to understand changes in interspecies and intergrade pricing as well as the market forces causing these changes because lumber price reflects the use of these products relative to availability. In turn, relative utilization is used to evaluate and justify the relevance of emerging research problem areas. This paper examines changes in the interspecies prices for the major grades of hardwood lumber and relates these changes to species preferences, end markets, manufacturing processes, and sawtimber supply.
Semiactive Vibration Control of a Smart Seat with an MR Fluid Damper Considering its Time Delay

The Lyapunov type robust control is applied to the semiactive vibration control of a controllable seat system to accommodate the modelling uncertainty of system and time delay of the damper. The seat system has a flexible mechanism of a spring and MR fluid damper between a seat cushion and base. Simulation results show that the robust control considering the time delay of the damper suppresses the seat vibration effectively.
Distributed sensor management and target tracking for unattended ground sensor networks

This work investigates a distributed approach for fusion and sensor management in unattended sensor networks. The distributed approach not only improves robustness to node failure, but also reduces network communications load significantly over that of the more traditional non-managed centralized processing approach. Monte Carlo simulations show that bandwidth reductions of factors of two to three over that of traditional architectures are achievable, depending on such factors as radio communications range and node availability.
ADAPTIVEBACKSTEPPINGCONTROLOFA PIEZO-POSITIONING MECHANISMWITH HYSTERESIS

Piezo-positioning mechanisms are often used in high-precision positioning applications. Due to their materials, nonlinear' hysteretic behavior is commonly observed in such mechanisms and can be described by a LuGre model. In this paper, we develop two robust adaptive backstepping control algorithms for piezo-positioning mechanisms. In the first scheme, we take the structure of the LuGre model into account in the controller design, if the parameters of the model are known. A nonlinear observer is designed to estimate the hysteresis force. In the second scheme, there is no apriori information required from these parameters and thus they can be allowed , totally uncertain. In this case, the LuGre model is divided into two parts. While the unknown parameters of one part are incorporated with unknown system parameters for. estimation, the effect ofthe other part is treated as a bounded disturbance. An update law is used to estimate the boimd involving this partial hysteresis effect and the external load. For both schemes, it is shown that not only global stability is guaranteed by the proposed controller, but also both transient and asymptotic performances are quantified as explicit functions of the design parameters so that designers can tune the design parameters in an explicit way to obtain the required closed loop behavior.
Traffic-- -Aware Dynamic Routing to Alleviate Aware Dynamic Routing to Alleviate Aware Dynamic Routing to Alleviate Aware Dynamic Routing to Alleviate Congestion in

Congestion is one of the problems encountered in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Many algorithms came into existence. They all focused on the solution by reducing the number of packets to be sent by the sender node. This solution is not ideal as it cause decrease in overall throughput in the WSN. This paper focuses on a dynamic aware routing algorithm which is aware of network traffic and probability of congestion. This solves problem of congestion in WSNs through optimal use of idle nodes in the network. Though congestion areas, the algorithm sends less packets while it sends more packets through many paths that contains idle nodes or the nodes that have less load. The proposed algorithm can overcome obstacles created by congestion and provide best throughput performance in WSNs.
An experimental study on cloud honeypot and data visualization using ELK stack

Nowadays, companies have been moving their IT infrastructure from own data centers to specialized public cloud providers. While there are cost benefits, the security issue is one of the major concerns in cloud computing due to the number of companies that use cloud storage to save their personal data keep increasing. Many honeypots have been used in the past, but they were difficult to use due to a lack of data visualization and attack analysis. To learn more about attackers, their motivations and techniques, honeypots are used to investigate how attackers attempt to hack an information system and provide useful insight into potential security flaws. This honeypot allows to monitor attacks by pretending to be actual machines with valuable and sensitive data, such that attackers interact with them. For this research, honeypot was set up on DigitalOcean cloud and the experimental method performs and result of the implementation in this research use real attack since the honeypot deployed on the cloud and exposed to the Internet. The results show that Cowrie honeypot able to collect data that is valuable to security researcher or network administrator for future research to make analysis. It is believed by implementing Cowrie honeypot using ELK stack on cloud platform will assist on detection and prevention for SSH attacks.