Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining Internalizing Mental Health Correlates of Addiction Severity in Patients Hospitalized With Medical Complications From Substance Use Disorder

Background: Comorbidities between Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and mental health disorders are highly prevalent, yet there remains a lack of information regarding how mental health conditions may affect addiction severity. Consequently, this study sought to investigate the relationship between internalizing disorders (anxiety and mood disorders) and addiction severity in patients hospitalized for SUD-related medical complications. Individual difference predictors and history of prior treatment for SUD were also examined. Methods: Participants (N = 200) were hospitalized patients who consented to receive peer-based recovery support services for their SUD. To be eligible for the study, participants needed to have a SUD diagnosis due to alcohol, opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, or a combination of these substances (polysubstance use). Participants completed self-report questionnaires regarding demographics, mental health history, prior SUD treatment, and addiction severity (Drug and Alcohol Screening Test; DAST-10) during their hospitalization. Results: Results showed that patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) (M = 6.68, SD = 2.97) had greater addiction severity compared to those without GAD (M = 5.41, SD = 3.34), P = . 016. Addiction severity results stratified by SUD type showed that the relationship was significant among patients with Alcohol Use Disorder (P = .014), but not among those with other SUD types (Ps > .27). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) were not linked to addiction severity. Among those with GAD, 81.4% had previously been to treatment compared to only 53.1% of those without GAD, P = . 010. The only participant characteristic linked with addiction severity was insurance status. Conclusions: GAD may represent a risk factor for advanced alcohol addiction trajectories, including greater addiction severity and severe health complications requiring inpatient hospitalization.
O uso do ensaio cometa para o ensino de genética toxicológica

O Ensaio Cometa (EC), “Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis”, é uma técnica rápida e eficiente quando usada para quantificar as lesões e detectar os efeitos do reparo no DNA em células individualizadas de mamíferos. Essa metodologia apresenta algumas vantagens sobre os testes bioquímicos e citogenéticos, entre as quais a utilização de um pequeno número de células que não necessariamente estejam em divisão.
The Extended Real Interval System

Three extended real interval systems are deened and distinguished by their implementation complexity and result sharpness. The three systems are closed with respect to interval arithmetic and the enclosure of functions and relations, notwithstanding domain restrictions or the presence of singularities. 1 Overview Section 2 introduces the problem of deening closed interval systems. In Section 3, real and extended points and intervals are deened. In Section 4, the empty and entire intervals are used to close the extended interval system. Section ? shows how incorrect conclusions have been reached about the result of certain interval arithmetic operator-operand combinations. The author is grateful to Professor Arnold Neumaier for originally raising this issue. Section 9 describes how to legitimately use IEEE oating-point arithmetic to obtain the sharp results described in Section ? Section 6 generalizes extended interval arithmetic to deene interval enclosures of functions, with the objective of removing all restrictions on their domains. Sections 7 and 8, contain brief remarks concerning, respectively: the relationship between extended intervals and the fundamental theorem of interval arithmetic and its generalization in 9]; and, extended dependent interval variables and interval enclosures. Section 10 deenes three diierent mappings of extended intervals onto binary compatible IEEE representations. Two of these map-pings support the sharp results introduced in Section ? Pseudo code for implementation algorithms are included.
Increased Risk of ACL Injury for Female but Not Male Soccer Players on Artificial Turf Versus Natural Grass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Both natural grass (NG) and artificial turf (AT) are popular playing surfaces for soccer. Biomechanical studies have found increased frictional forces on AT that may lead to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The increased risk of ACL injury during soccer in female participants may amplify this effect. Purpose: To systematically review the literature for studies comparing ACL injury risk in soccer players on AT versus NG and to specifically determine whether there were differences in injury risk in male versus female players when considering the playing surface. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A systematic review was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Three databases were searched for studies with evidence level 1 to 3 that compared the incidence of ACL injuries on AT versus NG in soccer players. Data recorded included study characteristics, sex, competition level, exposure setting (games or practices), turf type, and ACL injury information. Study methodological quality was analyzed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) score, and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated. Results: Included were 7 articles (3 studying professional soccer, 3 collegiate soccer, 1 youth-level soccer; 4 male cohorts, 2 female cohorts, and 1 male and female cohort; mean MINORS score, 20 ± 0.8). Pooled ACL injury IRRs demonstrated no significant differences in overall ACL injury risk when playing soccer on AT compared with NG (IRR = 0.57 [95% CI, 0.21-1.53]; P = .31). A significantly increased risk of ACL injury in games played on AT compared with NG was detected for female (IRR = 1.18 [95% CI, 1.05-1.31]; P = .004) but not for male players (IRR = 1.18 [95% CI, 0.97-1.42]; P = .09). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences in injury risk for games (IRR = 1.07 [95% CI, 0.97-1.18]; P = .20) or practices (IRR = 0.21 [95% CI, 0.04-1.23]; P = .09). Conclusion: Findings indicated that female soccer players had a significantly higher risk of ACL injury when playing games on AT versus NG, whereas no significant difference was seen in male players. No differences were found for the combined male/female cohort or for soccer games or training sessions played on AT compared with NG.
Scientific Publishing in Biomedicine: Information Literacy

The literature review is an integral part of the research process, from developing research ideas to disseminating findings. It involves explaining, interpreting, and summarizing published materials around a topic to elaborate a research hypothesis/question, synthesize new concepts, identify knowledge gaps, develop new theories, and identify new research directions. Effective reading and processing of the literature (i.e., analyzing and synthesizing) and actual writing of the literature (verbal or non-verbal output, e.g., tables and figures) are essential stages of an effective literature review. This article provides a practical guide to conducting an effective literature review. In addition, literature search and evaluation are also briefly discussed.
Using spectral indices to assess land degradation in the Wadi al-Muhamadi basin, west of Anbar, Iraq

Land degradation is characterized by the reduction and loss of biological and economic productive capacities of lands. It is a global phenomenon and often has adverse effects at the local level. This study is to assess the state of land degradation in the Wadi al-Muhamadi basin, west of Anbar. Using spectral evidence based on remote sensing data and the results of space data. To assess land degradation and vegetation cover changes in the valley basin, and spectral data (EMI - LDI - DBSI - SI - CI - NDVI) were used to calculate the values ​​of degradation within the lands of the basin. The results showed that the area of ​​barren lands is constantly increasing by 0.02, 52.61 and 42.57% For the study years sequentially. Area of ​​simple improvement with dense vegetation decreased by 0.12 and 0. 16 and 0.42% for the same years, respectively.
Learning sciences and learning engineering: A natural or artificial distinction?

ABSTRACT “Learning engineering” has gained popularity as a term connected to the work of learning sciences. However, the nature of that connection is not entirely clear. For some, learning engineering represents distinct, industry-inspired practices enabled by data abundance and digital platformization of learning technologies. That view is presented as one where learning engineers apply learning research that has resided in experimental studies. For others, learning engineering should refer to the use of the full breadth of knowledge developed within the learning sciences research community. This second view is more inclusive of the fundamentally situated, design-oriented, and real-world commitments that are the backbone of the learning sciences, as reflected in this journal. The two views differ even as far as whether the academic field is labeled “learning science” or “learning sciences”. This article examines and articulates these differences. It also argues that without course correction, many who identify with learning engineering will conduct technology-supported learning improvement work that, at its own risk, will neglect the full and necessary scope of what has already been and continues to be discovered in the learning sciences. Moreover, it behooves all to consider recently elevated, but deeply fundamental questions being asked in the learning sciences about what is important to learn and toward what ends. With some more clarity around what is actually encompassed by the learning sciences and how all interested in design and educational improvement can build upon that knowledge, we can make greater collective progress to understanding and supporting human learning.
A Review on Green Synthesis, Antimicrobial Applications and Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Plant Extract

Nanotechnology explores nanoscale materials that can be used in a wide range of industries such as biotechnology, cosmetics, drug delivery, nanomedicine, and biosensors. Nanoparticles in diverse shapes and sizes can be prepared through physical, chemical, and biological methods. The employment of reducing agents, which will change their form, size range, level of stability, and interaction, is a crucial part thus employing a biological approach is necessary. Chemically generated metal oxide nanoparticles raise considerable issues owing to the usage of hazardous and poisonous chemicals, as well as the potential for conservational impairment. In contrast, the production of silver nanoparticles using the principal method of green synthesis has found a special place in research that is considered more environmentally approachable requiring the use to produce non-toxic nanomaterials. Plants and polymer materials have received a lot of interest in the preparation of nanoparticles since they are renewable and affordable. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of more ecologically friendly synthesis techniques that use plant extracts to make silver nanoparticles and their application as antibacterial agents, as well as toxicity features based on the shape, size range, and phytochemical mechanism of plants.
Successful treatment of recurrent cardiac sarcoidosis with the combination of corticosteroid and methotrexate monitored by 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography: case series

Abstract Background The standard treatment for cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is corticosteroids, including prednisolone (PSL). Previous studies have shown that the addition of methotrexate (MTX) to PSL is effective for steroid-refractory and recurrent cases. 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is an essential tool for the diagnosis of CS. However, it is unclear whether FDG-PET is useful for detecting recurrence of CS and monitoring the effectiveness of PSL and MTX combination therapy. Case summary We detected CS recurrence during PSL treatment using FDG-PET. Patient 1 was accompanied by increased FDG uptake in other organs, Patient 2 was complicated with a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction, and Patient 3 showed enlargement of the late gadolinium enhancement area, which was compatible with the recurrence of CS. We successfully monitored the inflammation activity by FDG-PET and treated recurrent CS by increasing the PSL dose and adding MTX to suppress inflammation. Discussion FDG-PET is useful for detecting CS recurrence and monitoring the effectiveness of PSL and MTX combination therapy. Serial FDG-PET scans indicated that it might be more difficult to suppress inflammation in recurrent CS than in the initial treatment. The use of FDG-PET is necessary to monitor long-term disease activity.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE PECAN NUT PRODUCTION: CASE IN PARANA STATE, BRAZIL

O objetivo é avaliar a inserção da tecnologia da informação em propriedades dos produtores de noz-pecã da Região Oeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Algumas lacunas de pesquisa na literatura de TI e mais especificamente na questão da produção de noz-pecã foram identificadas por Fronza et al., (2018), Barrios et al., (2010), entre outros. Esses autores afirmam que existem pesquisas sobre a inserção da TI no processo de produção de noz-pecã. Um questionário foi elaborado a 21 produtores de noz-pecã da Região Oeste do Paraná. Diferença significativa foi testada usando Kruskal Wallis em relação à idade do agricultor, tempo de trabalho, tamanho da propriedade e uso de tecnologia da informação (TI). O princípio 80/20 foi usado para apresentar as principais barreiras para os agricultores em relação ao uso de TI. Na análise PDCA, foram sugestões de melhoria contínua. Nos resultados, as diferenças no uso de TI nas propriedades dos produtores de noz-pecã são estatisticamente importantes nas variáveis de tamanho da propriedade e tempo de trabalho. O tamanho, o tempo de trabalho, o número de computadores, a terceirização de serviços de TI e a qualidade do acesso aos dados estão significando e positivamente correlacionados. A implicação é prática utilizar a implantação da TI nas empresas, como lente metodológica para avaliar o cenário dos produtores de noz-pecã da Região Oeste do Paraná.
Circularly polarised rectangular microstrip antenna design with arbitrary input impedance

This study describes two stand-alone iterative algorithms that fully solve the issue of generating non-standard input impedances in probe-fed circularly polarised rectangular microstrip antennas (CPRMA). Both were derived from a new cavity model-based methodology that controls, at the frequency of operation ( f o ), the input reactance and resistance levels without disturbing the circular polarisation (CP) characteristics of the antenna. The first algorithm finds the antenna dimensions and probe position for an arbitrarily selectable input impedance and the second algorithm determines the possible choices of input impedance for a given dielectric substrate and f o . To highlight the applicability of both algorithms, two prototypes were designed and built: a right-hand CP (RHCP) active antenna with input impedance Z A = 34.17 + 40.34 i Ω , and an RHCP reference antenna (RA) with input impedance Z RA = 50 + 0 i Ω . These antennas were utilised in the design and characterisation of a co-designed global positioning system active integrated antenna. The experimental and theoretical results show excellent agreement.
Effectiveness of the interventions against workplace violence suffered by health and support professionals: A meta-analysis

Abstract Objective: to assess the effectiveness of the interventions targeted at preventing and reducing the workplace violence suffered by health and support professionals. Method: a systematic review with meta-analysis conducted in eight databases and in the gray literature. Risk of bias was assessed by means of the Cochrane tools and certainty of the evidence, through Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. The analysis was performed in a descriptive manner and through the meta-analysis, including a heterogeneity assessment. Results: a total of 11 randomized and quasi-randomized studies were eligible, of which six (54.5%) implemented individual skills, four used a multiple approach (36.4%) and one (9.1%) resorted to governmental actions. Four studies (36.4%) exerted a positive and significant effect on reducing violence. Risk of bias was classified as high or uncertain. The meta-analysis was performed with two studies that tested individual skill (intervention group) versus individual skill (comparator group), although there was no scientific evidence (95% CI: -0.41 - 0.25, p=0.64) for the violence prevention/reduction outcome. Conclusion: this review did not obtain a high level of evidence in the prevention or reduction of workplace violence. The reduced number of randomized trials, the lack of studies with low risk of bias and the high consistency may have been factors that hindered recommending effective interventions.
Quality Perceptions and Choice of Public Health Facilities: A Mediation Effect Analysis of Outpatient Experience in Rural China

Purpose Outpatients have choices of providers in the hierarchical health service delivery system of China. Understanding how quality perceptions and outpatient experience affect the choice of health facility would help inform decisions about priorities for action aimed at guiding the use of primary care. This study examines how quality perceptions of outpatient service affect the facility level choice in rural China. Methods Household surveys were conducted in 2011, 2012 and 2015 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. We selected 968 respondents as the study sample, who had at least two outpatient visits to the public health facilities during each survey period. Prior quality perceptions of the outpatient service at the village clinics, township centers, and county hospitals were reported on an 8-item Quality Indicator questionnaire. Experienced quality perception from the first outpatient visit was also reported. The outcome of interest was outpatients’ facility level choices. We used regression and mediation analysis to explore whether and how outpatient experience at a specific health facility would mediate the relationship between prior quality perceptions and the facility level choice. Results Overall, the quality perception was positively and significantly associated with outpatients’ staying at the same or lower levels of care (β=0.265, P=0.007). This effect was fully mediated by experienced quality perception (z=2.985, P=0.003). The indirect effect was significant for three particular dimensions, including quality perceptions of the environment (β=0.075, P=0.025), doctor-patient communication (β=0.065, P=0.022), and physician ability (β=0.062, P=0.021). Conclusion Outpatient quality perceptions—especially positive perceptions regarding environment, doctor-patient communication, and physician ability—could contribute to minimizing upward referral via improvement in outpatient experience. Policymakers and health care providers may need to therefore optimize outpatient experience as they push to develop a more locally responsive primary care system.
Involvement of Bacteria in the Pathological Changes Before Achilles Tendon Rupture: A Case Series Investigating 16S rDNA in 20 Consecutive Ruptures

Background: The source of the pathological changes that occur before an acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) is not fully understood. Bacterial DNA has previously been detected in samples from ruptured Achilles tendons, suggesting a pathogenic role of bacteria in ATR. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate if DNA from bacteria was present in acutely ruptured Achilles tendons. We hypothesized that 20% to 30% of the samples from the rupture site and no samples from healthy tissue would be positive for bacterial DNA. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This study included 20 consecutive patients scheduled for surgical repair of an acute ATR. Tendon biopsy specimens were taken from the rupture site and from the healthy tendon tissue proximal to the rupture to act as a control. Samples were blinded to the technician and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction targeted to the bacterial 16S rDNA gene and Sanger sequencing to identify the bacterial species present. McNemar test for paired proportions was performed to test for statistically significant differences in the number of samples positive for bacterial DNA between the ruptured and control regions of the Achilles tendon. Results: Of the 20 patients, 1 (5%) had a positive sample with bacterial DNA from the ruptured part of the Achilles tendon. The same patient also had a positive control sample, although with different bacterial DNA. An additional patient had a positive control sample. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of bacterial DNA–positive samples between the ruptured and control regions of the Achilles tendon. The bacteria found (Staphylococcus sp, Micrococcus sp, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) were normal commensal organisms on the human skin. Conclusion: Bacterial DNA was infrequent in tissue from ruptured Achilles tendons and, if identified, likely was a result of contamination. This suggests that bacteria are not involved in the pathological changes occurring before rupture of the Achilles tendon.
Energy Substrate Transporters in High-Grade Ovarian Cancer: Gene Expression and Clinical Implications

Ovarian cancer is a non-homogenous malignancy. High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common subtype, and its drug resistance mechanisms remain unclear. Despite the advantages of modern pharmacotherapy, high-grade ovarian cancer is associated with a poor prognosis and research into targeted therapies is in progress. The aim of the study was to assess the dominant energy substrate transport mechanism in ovarian cancer cells and to verify whether genomic aberrations could predict clinical outcomes using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Total RNA was extracted from HGSC frozen tissues, and the expression of selected genes was compared to respective controls. GLUT1, FABPpm, MCT4 and SNAT1 genes were significantly overexpressed in carcinomas compared with controls, while expression of CD36/SR-B2, FATP1, FABP4, GLUT4, ASCT2 and LPL was decreased. No differences were found in FATP4, LAT1, MCT1 and FASN. The transcript content of mitochondrial genes such as PGC-1α, TFAM and COX4/1 was similar between groups, while the β-HAD level declined in ovarian cancer. Additionally, the MCT4 level was reduced and PGC-1α was elevated in cancer tissue from patients with ‘small’ primary tumor and omental invasion accompanied by ascites as compared to patients that exhibited greater tendencies to metastasize to lymph nodes with clear omentum. Based on TCGA, higher FABP4 and LPL and lower TFAM expression indicated poorer overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer. In conclusion, the presented data show that there is no exclusive energy substrate in HGSC. However, this study indicates the advantage of glucose and lactate transport over fatty acids, thereby suggesting potential therapeutic intervention targets to impede ovarian cancer growth.