Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling and numerical methods for state-dependent diffusions

When modelling diffusive systems with stochastic differential equations, a question about interpretations of the stochastic integral often arises. Using simulations of a random Lorentz gas model, we show that given only the diffusion coefficient, for a diffusive system without external force, the system is underdetermined. By varying one free parameter, the prediction from different interpretations can hold true. However, for a diffusive system satisfying detailed balance condition, we show that it is uniquely determined by the equilibrium distribution in addition to the diffusion coefficient. We propose an explicit method for simulating stochastic differential equations in this formulation. Our numerical scheme introduces Metropolis-Hastings step-rejections to preserve the exact equilibrium distribution and works directly with the diffusion coefficient rather than the drift coefficient. We show that the numerical scheme is weakly convergent with order 1/2 for such systems with smooth coefficients. We perform numerical experiments demonstrating the convergence of the method for systems not covered by our theorem, including systems with discontinuous coefficients.
Customer Experience Affecting Human Kansei

The purpose of this paper is to explain the relationships and the meaning of the customer experience approach, which involves manufacturing and fabrication influenced by human kansei. This paper urgues as follows; What are the products that appeal to the senses? , Kansei marketing, Customer Experience and Kansei Marketing, Customer Experience and Sstrategic Experiential Modules, Customer Experience and Kansei Quality, Relationships between the Information Processing of the Senses and Customer Experience, Relationships between Functional Benefits and Customer Experience, and Summaries of the Examples the manufacturer’s product development capabilities constitute a source of the customers’ experience, creating the customer experience of products, including lifestyles and culture.
Equation of state of stishovite to lower mantle pressures

Abstract We performed new diffraction experiments to clarify the equation of state (EoS) of stishovite after we suspected systematic errors in previous experimental reports. Using diamond anvil cells, we repeated both single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements under hydrostatic conditions and powder diffraction measurements using the laser-annealing technique and NaCl pressure medium. The major improvement is the increase in precision of the pressure determination using the quartz and NaCl equations of state. Using both sets of data, the stishovite bulk moduli were refined to K0 = 309.9(1.1) GPa and K'0 = 4.59(0.23). We also reinvestigated the mechanism of the phase transformation to the CaCl2-structured polymorph of SiO2 at about 60 GPa. We confirm no volume discontinuity at the transition pressure, but the CaCl2 form appears slightly more compressible than the rutile-structured form of SiO2. This change in compression behavior is used for quantitative analyses of the spontaneous strains of the pressure-induced phase transition.
Infrared and radio study of the W43 cluster - Resolved binaries and non-thermal emission

Context. The recent detection of very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from the direction of the W43 star-forming region prompted us to investigate its stellar population in detail in an attempt to see wether or not it is possible an association. Aims. We search for the possible counterpart(s) of the gamma-ray source or any hints of them, such as non-thermal synchrotron emission as a tracer of relativistic particles often involved in plausible physical scenarios for VHE emission. Methods. We data-mined several archival databases with different degrees of success. The most significant results came from radio and near-infrared archival data. Results. The previously known Wolf-Rayet star in the W43 central cluster and another cluster member appear to be resolved into two components,suggesting a likely binary nature. In addition, extended radio emission with a clearly negative spectral index is detected in coincidence with the W43 cluster. These findings could have important implications for possible gamma-ray emitting scenarios, which we also brief ly discuss.
Unlocking Large-Scale Genomics

The dramatic progress in DNA sequencing technology over the last decade, with the revolutionary introduction of next-generation sequencing, has brought with it opportunities and difficulties. Indeed, the opportunity to study the genomes of any species at an unprecedented level of detail has come accompanied by the difficulty in scaling analysis to handle the tremendous data generation rates of the sequencing machinery and scaling operational procedures to handle the increasing sample sizes in ever larger sequencing studies. This dissertation presents work that strives to address both these problems. The first contribution, inspired by the success of data-driven industry, is the Seal suite of tools which harnesses the scalability of the Hadoop framework to accelerate the analysis of sequencing data and keep up with the sustained throughput of the sequencing machines. The second contribution, addressing the second problem, is a system is developed to automate the standard analysis procedures at a typical sequencing center. Additional work is presented to make the first two contributions compatible with each other, as to provide a complete solution for a sequencing operation and to simplify their use. Finally, the work presented here has been integrated into the production operations at the CRS4 Sequencing Lab, helping it scale its operation while reducing personnel requirements.
Fluorimetric Determination of p -Hydroxybenzoic Acid in Beer as α -Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex

Abstract The inclusion complex of p-hydroxyenzoic acid and α- and β-cyclodextrin has been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. To describe quantitatively complex formation between α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, an association constant of 967 ± 14 M−1 at 21°C was obtained. The inclusion complex has been used to determine p-hydroxybenzoic acid in the range 0.15–1.00 mg L−1 (RSD 4.5%, n = 8). Application of the method to determination of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in beer samples gave an endogenous content of 1.25 mg L−1.
Development and testing of image processing algorithm to estimate weed infestation level in corn fields

The challenges of modern agriculture have led to the development of localized management tools which allow the rationalization of the use and application of pesticides, a reduction in production costs and the optimization of agricultural processes. This study was carried out to develop an algorithm capable of orienting weed control in the management of a corn crop, using digital image analysis to identify the level of weed infestation in the field. The seeds of six species of weed were sown in an experimental plot of corn, and daily images were captured for 40 days for the evaluation of the level of weed infestation (low, intermediate or high). The algorithm developed was able to target information about the plants and soil accurately and discriminate the residual information as referring to either the culture or weeds. The proposed algorithm has achieved 90% accuracy in identifying the level of infestation from images already evaluated by experts. The results can thus be used as part of weed control strategy, with the incorporation of the geographic coordinates of the image making possible the construction of a map of the level of weed infestation in the different areas where the crop is growing.
The triple oxygen isotope tracer of primary productivity in a dynamic ocean model

The triple oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved oxygen (17Δdis) was added to the ocean ecosystem and biogeochemistry component of the Community Earth System Model, version 1.1. 1. Model simulations were used to investigate the biological and physical dynamics of 17Δdis and assess its application as a tracer of gross photosynthetic production (gross oxygen production (GOP)) of O2 in the ocean mixed layer. The model reproduced large‐scale patterns of 17Δdis found in observational data across diverse biogeographical provinces. Mixed layer model performance was best in the Pacific and had a negative bias in the North Atlantic and a positive bias in the Southern Ocean. Based on model results, the steady state equation commonly used to calculate GOP from tracer values overestimated the globally averaged model GOP by 29%. Vertical entrainment/mixing and the time rate of change of 17Δdis were the two largest sources of bias when applying the steady state method to calculate GOP. Entrainment/mixing resulted in the largest overestimation in midlatitudes and during summer and fall and almost never caused an underestimation of GOP. The tracer time rate of change bias resulted both in underestimation of GOP (e.g., during spring blooms at high latitudes) and overestimation (e.g., during the summer following a bloom). Seasonally, bias was highest in the fall (September‐October‐November in the Northern Hemisphere, March‐April‐May in the Southern), overestimating GOP by 62%, globally averaged. Overall, the steady state method was most accurate in equatorial and low‐latitude regions where it estimated GOP to within ±10%. Field applicable correction terms are derived for entrainment and mixing that capture 86% of model vertical bias and require only mixed layer depth history and triple oxygen isotope measurements from two depths.
Baited-camera observations of deep-sea megafaunal scavenger ecology on the California slope

Baited cameras have offered much insight into the ecology of scavenging animals in several parts of the worlds' oceans, revealing patterns of vertical zonation, trends in size and abun- dance with depth, and aspects of feeding behavior. It is surprising, then, that very little has been pub- lished on the scavenging community off the eastern Pacific continental slope, where work of this nature originated. Here we present a study of megafaunal scavenger ecology encompassing a wide range of taxa from shelf to abyssal depths off central California. During 13 baited camera deploy- ments from 105 to 3144 m, we photographed 25 scavenging taxa, consisting mainly of fish and crabs. Combined with trawl results, these data showed that prevalence of scavenging in fishes increased from 2% of all species at 100 m to 46% of all species at 3000 m, suggesting more opportunistic feed- ing habits and the increasing importance of carrion as a food source at greater depths. Of 4 scaveng- ing fish species examined, 3 (Antimora microlepis, Albatrossia pectoralis, and Anoplopoma fimbria) displayed significant increases in length with increased depth while Coryphaenoides acrolepis dis- played an opposite, 'smaller-deeper' trend. Estimates of fish density generated from camera first arrival times and trawl data were compared, yielding no significant correlation. During one camera deployment, C. armatus was used as bait, which resulted in the complete absence of C. armatus, while a peak abundance of 11 individuals was observed at similar depths/locations using non- macrourid bait. The depth-related patterns in scavenger species richness and intraspecific size-depth trends differ from those in the North Atlantic, suggesting that further regional comparisons are needed to better understand scavenger ecology on a global scale.
Coral species distribution and percent cover of sessile organisms on protected and non-protected coral reefs in Digir, Buga, Dubbir, and Kanir Kinnidup, Guna Yala, Panama

Coral reefs are the most productive, biodiverse ecosystems in the ocean despite covering only <. 5% of the ocean floor. In today’s changing climate, coral reefs face a multitude of threats including ocean warming, coral bleaching, ocean acidification, overfishing, increasing human population, and coral mining, among others. One way to protect coral reefs is to establish a marine protected area to limit damage and contamination. This study aimed to examine coral species distribution as well as percent cover of sessile organisms and substrates including coral, fire coral, algae, and sponges on protected and non-protected reefs in order to attempt to analyze the effect of protection on coral reefs in Guna Yala, Panama. Based on the data collected, protected areas had higher algae cover (P<.01, df=107), lower coral cover (P<.0001, df=138), and a higher relative abundance of corals with a “weedy” life history such as Porites astreoides (P<.05, df=80). The data also showed that uninhabited islands tended to have significantly higher average coral cover (P<.0001, df=146) and lower average algae cover (P<.0001, df=161), as well as lower relative abundance of P. astreoides (P<.01, df=134). When the protected site sampled was compared to an unprotected site that was around the same island, the protected area was found to have higher coral cover (P<.01, df=71) and lower algae cover (P<.05, df=72) than the unprotected area. Ultimately, lack of human population and protected status were found to be positive factors for coral reef health, and future study should be done to further examine the relationship between these two factors.
Measuring university-to-work success: development of a new scale

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a subjective multidimensional measure of early career success during university-to-work transition. Design/methodology/approach – The construct of university-to-work success (UWS) was defined in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic career outcomes, and a three-stage study was conducted to create a new scale. Findings – A preliminary set of items was developed and tested by judges. Results showed the items had good content validity. Factor analyses indicated a four-factor structure and a second-order model with subscales to assess: career insertion and satisfaction, confidence in career future, income and financial independence, and adaptation to work. Third, the authors sought to confirm the hypothesized model examining the comparative fit of the scale and two alternative models. Results showed that fits for both the first- and second-order models were acceptable. Research limitations/implications – The proposed model has sound psychometric qualities, although.
Applications of Algorithmic Graph Theory to the Real World Problems

With the development of computers, researchers have gathered special interest in the algorithmic aspects of mathematics. Due to this graph models have emerged as a necessary and important tool for solving real-world problems. Algorithmic solutions to the graphical problems have large number of applications. Its area of applications ranges from VLSI circuit design to scheduling, from resource allocation to physical mapping of DNA. If we look at the mathematical aspect, graph classes have provided rich soil for deep theoretical results which provide a deep insight into the problems related to artificial intelligence to pavement deterioration analysis. This paper intends to highlight the significance of graph theory in solving the real world problems by presenting some of the existing applications with special emphasis on operations research and computer science.
REVISITING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF SUPERNOVA AND HYPERNOVA REMNANTS TO THE DIFFUSE HIGH-ENERGY BACKGROUNDS: CONSTRAINTS ON VERY HIGH REDSHIFT INJECTION

Star-forming and starburst galaxies are considered one of the viable candidate sources of the high-energy cosmic neutrino background detected in IceCube. We revisit contributions of supernova remnants (SNRs) and hypernova remnants (HNRs) in such galaxies to the diffuse high-energy neutrino and gamma-ray backgrounds, in light of the latest Fermi data above 50 GeV. We also take into account possible time-dependent effects of the cosmic-ray (CR) acceleration during the SNR evolution. CRs accelerated by the SNR shocks can produce high-energy neutrinos up to ∼100 TeV energies, but CRs from HNRs can extend the spectrum up to PeV energies. We show that, only if HNRs are dominant over SNRs, the diffuse neutrino background above 100 TeV can be explained without contradicting the gamma-ray data. However, the neutrino data around 30 TeV remain unexplained, which might suggest a different population of gamma-ray dark CR sources. We also consider possible contributions of Pop-III HNRs up to z ≲ 10 and show that they are not constrained by the gamma-ray data and thus could contribute to the diffuse high-energy backgrounds if their explosion energy reaches erg. More conservatively, our results suggest that the explosion energy of Pop-III HNRs is erg.
Firm-specific Attributes of Financing Constraints: The Case of Greek Listed Firms

An ‘excess sensitivity’ of investment to internal funds (cash flow) is typically interpreted as evidence for the presence of financing constraints. Building on this, we empirically investigate the possibility of an asymmetric response of business fixed investment to the availability of internal funds related to firm specific characteristics. According to our results the magnitude of this ‘excess sensitivity’ differs in compliance with firm’s age size, leverage and dividend paying re-spectively. In particular, our empirical findings confirm the imperfection of the Greek capital market and highlight the differential impact of financing constraints across young and highly levered firms. Size and dividend payout behaviour do not appear to be useful proxies for the degree of asymmetric information and consequently cannot be used in order to assess financing constraints.
Penyelenggaraan kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah merupakan kewajiban dan otoritas masing- masing sekolah untuk mengimplementasikan kurikulum yang ditetapkan. Penilaian merupakan salah satu kegiatan penting yang harus diterapkan dalam setiap proses pembelajaran. Belajar adalah proses perubahan yang t

Implementation of learning activities in the schools is the responsibility and authority of each school to implement the established curriculum. Assessment is one of the important activities that must be applied in every learning process. Learning is the process of change that occurs in living things. The change in question is a change in behavior and knowledge that occurs in a relatively permanent. Recently, many learning models have been created that aim to create a different learning environment than conventional learning. Schools selected in this research are: SMK AL Mubarkeya, SMKN 2 Banda Aceh, SMK Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh, SMKN 4 Banda Aceh, SMKN Flight, and SMKN 5 Banda Aceh. Based on the results of the above research, it can be concluded that, almost all of the sample studies schools have implemented Curriculum 2013 or K13 properly and perfectly. Almost all schools have implemented creative learning methods, such as problem-based learning, project-based learning, project-based instruction, inquiry and cooperative learning.
Outcome of psychodynamic child psychotherapy in routine practice

The aim of the present naturalistic study was to explore the effectiveness of psychodynamic child psychotherapy in routine practice. The sample comprised 207 psychotherapies with children 4–12 years of age with a broad range of mental health problems. Data on two measures, children’s global assessment scale (CGAS) and strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), were collected pre-post therapy. Within-group changes were analysed using repeated measures mixed-models ANOVA. Individual changes were examined by means of clinical significance. The analyses revealed improvement in general functioning, decrease in problem severity and problem impact on the child’s everyday life, as well as an increase in prosocial behaviour. For CGAS, an interaction effect was discovered suggesting a larger improvement for younger children (4–6 years) than for older children (10–12 years). After therapy, 38% (n 76) achieved clinically significant improvement. Time-limited psychotherapy proved favourable for children assigned to that particular treatment modality. The study generated similar results as previous well-controlled trials, revealing statistically significant results in a large sample and in spite the use of non-specific outcome measures. The study provides everyday evidence to the effectiveness of child psychodynamic treatment with parallel parental work for a broad range of child mental health problems.
Production and Broad Characterization of a Spirulina platensis Dry Powder Grown in Bubbled Columns

Aims: The aim of this work was to show the feasibility of growing Spirulina platensis in bubbled photo-bioreactors in a defined medium and after recovery and drying processes, to obtain a dry powder with food and nutraceutic characteristics such as those obtained by the proximal analysis, lipids and pigments profile, metals content, quelant and radical scavenger, antioxidant and antibiotic properties. Place and Duration of Study: The work was carried out at Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnologia-IPN (Mexico City) facilities during 2017. Methodology: In this paper, the mass production of microalgae in four 200 L bubbled column addresses growing in alkaline and saline, under ambient conditions and the complete Original Research Article Torres et al.; JAMB, 9(3): 1-16, 2018; Article no.JAMB. 39995 2 characterization of the product in terms of its proximate analysis, metal content and the ability to inhibit growth of some microorganisms. A phytochemicals profile was carried out (qualitative results), the antibiotic activities against Gram negative and positive strains and an analysis of the present lipids and pigments were carried out. Finally, antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of the product were measured. Results: Photo-bioreactor 1 produced the highest concentration of biomass, although the largest mass of wet weight (757.6 g) and dry (160.8 g), were observed for the photo-photo-bioreactor 4. The photo-bioreactor 4 reached a mass productivity of 2.39 mg Lh. On average, 153.35 g dry mass per photo-photo-bioreactor were produced, with a mass productivity of 2.28 mg L -1 h -1 . The obtained product compared well to a commercial one, with similar content of carbohydrates, protein, lipid, fiber, ash and total moisture (%). A phytochemicals profile was carried out (qualitative results). Regarding the Mexican standards, the product is below the recommended values only for ashes and crude fiber. Several alkaline earth and heavy metal values were found in the product. When calculating the intake of an adult weight of 70 kg who ingested 4 g day -1 of Spirulina, the values are not higher than the recommended intake for an adult by various associations (FAO/WHO, among them). It also found that the product had antibiotic activity against some Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria strains. It was also identified that the product had antioxidant and chelating activities and an analysis of the present lipids and pigments were carried out. Conclusion: It can be said that the culture process in the bubbled photo-bioreactors generates a dry product with excellent food and nutraceutic properties which can be employed to solve malnutrition problems that small communities are experiencing in Mexico.