Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CVA2E: A Conditional Variational Autoencoder With an Adversarial Training Process for Hyperspectral Imagery Classification

Deep generative models such as the generative adversarial network (GAN) and the variational autoencoder (VAE) have obtained increasing attention in a wide variety of applications. Nevertheless, the existing methods cannot fully consider the inherent features of the spectral information, which leads to the applications being of low practical performance. In this article, in order to better handle this problem, a novel generative model named the conditional variational autoencoder with an adversarial training process (CVA2E) is proposed for hyperspectral imagery classification by combining variational inference and an adversarial training process in the spectral sample generation. Moreover, two penalty terms are added to promote the diversity and optimize the spectral shape features of the generated samples. The performance on three different real hyperspectral data sets confirms the superiority of the proposed method.
Impact of distant and regional metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer on endotoxicosis development

Background: The complex metabolic disorders and non-specific clinical manifestations that accompany the development of malignant neoplasm are characterized as a syndrome of endogenous intoxication. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to establish the patterns of changes in the parameters of endogenous intoxication and lipid peroxidation processes in the saliva of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) depending on the presence/absence and extent of prevalence of distant and regional metastasis. Materials and Methods: A total of 505 people took part in the case-control study: The main group (NSCLC, n = 290) and the control one (healthy, n = 215). All participants were questioned and underwent the biochemical examination of saliva and histological verification of the diagnosis. The parameters of endogenous intoxication and lipid peroxidation were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: Dynamic regularities of lipid peroxidation indicators are highly pronounced with metastasis in lymph nodes regardless of histological type of the lung cancer. Hence, alongside regional metastasis, the level of diene conjugates decreases, whereas the level of triene conjugates and Schiff bases increases. Dynamics of albumin concentration is mainly due to regional metastasis, but the presence of distant metastases in the lungs drops albumin concentration greatly. The nature of changes in the malondialdehyde concentration is generally similar with the presence/absence of distant metastases, the maximum accumulation of lipid peroxidation products is observed for stages N3M0 and N3M1. Distribution coefficient МСМ 280/254 nm varies differently: It grows only in case of regional metastasis and reduced in case of distant metastasis for both histological types of the NSCLC. Conclusion: The results of the study support the hypothesis of association of endogenous intoxication and lipid peroxidation processes with the development of NSCLC.
Troubling the non-specialist prescription of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): the views of Australian HIV experts

ABSTRACT The broadening of access to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Australia has rekindled debates about which types of clinicians are best suited to deliver HIV prevention innovations: specialist HIV services or primary care physicians and general practitioners (GPs). We conducted 21 semi-structured qualitative interviews in 2017 with Australian HIV sector experts working across policy, advocacy, clinical service provision, research, and health promotion. These interviews took place before a national policy commitment to subsidising access to PrEP was achieved. We explored how participants conceptualised PrEP, patients and GPs at this key turning point in the history of HIV prevention. Participants expressed varied views regarding GPs’ anticipated ability to successfully navigate the potential complexities associated with PrEP roll-out. While participants were supportive of greater patient access to PrEP, they expressed concerns about non-specialist GPs’ cultural competence and expertise regarding sexuality and clinical practice, and the potential for patients to experience discrimination and homophobia from non-expert GPs. This study has broad implications for thinking about experts and expertise, the implementation of previously specialised medicine into mainstream settings, and the anticipated challenges of LGBTIQ+ inclusive healthcare.
Indian Shoppers’ Attitude Towards Grocery Shopping Apps: A Survey Conducted on Smartphone Users

The smartphone users in India have been growing up for the past few years, and the research companies have predicted that it would still grow. Due to the advancement of technologies, affordable prices and various applications in the web stores, a large number of people are attracted towards smartphones. The goal of this study is to find out the approach of Indian shoppers towards grocery shopping apps. The Indian shoppers’ attitude towards grocery shopping has still not been analysed by many, and this domain is still largely untapped. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and the technology acceptance model (TAM) models have been provided proper factors to analyse the shoppers’ intention. The researcher has collected responses from various respondents with the help of a properly structured questionnaire, and a simple random sampling tool has also been used to select the respondents. Exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis have been used to find out the outcomes. The outcomes of the study inform that attitude, perceived behavioural control, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have a positive and significant impact on intention. Subjective norms, however, do not have a significant effect on intention.
Cognitive training in the rural elderly: A randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and accessibility of a new approach.

Background: Cognitive training is an important determinant of successful aging but rural areas of Canada are uniquely deprived from accessing such speciality services. A need exists to examine the application of cognitive training through a rural lens. Objectives: 1. To develop a novel collaborative approach to improving access to cognitive training in rural settings. 2. To evaluate the efficacy of a multicomponent cognitive training program for improving cognition in normal elderly persons. Treatment Conditions: Experimental training (ET) consisted of three modules: (1) Executive Functioning, (2) Memory, and (3) Psychosocial Training. Active control (AC) consisted of word searches, reading short stories and answering multiple-choice questions. Method: A multisite, randomized control, double-blind trial was conducted with 28 experimental participants (Mage = 70.68 ± 8.89) and 28 active controls (Mage = 74.39 ± 9.39). Treatments were self-administered 1 hour/ 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Pre-and post-training neuropsychological measures were utilized as determinants of program success. Results: Compared to the AC group, the ET group displayed significant gains on targeted abilities, executive (p = .002) and memory (p < .001), but not psychosocial (p =.105) ability. Training-induced benefits were also observed for the ET group on untrained measures of global (BCRS, p = .002) and functional abilities (DAD, p < .001; FRS, p = .042). Performance improvements were more reliable for the ET than AC for executive (55.5% vs. 12.5%), memory (55% vs. 19.5%) and functional ability (41% vs. 7.5%). Participant recruitment and compliance rates were enhanced by the involvement of a physician. Conclusion: Results support the efficacy of multicomponent cognitive training in reliably improving targeted and functional abilities. Physicians are critical players to the delivery of regimented cognitive training for older adults both in terms of recruitment and compliance. ii
Innovation under Ambiguity and Risk

We explore the implications of ambiguity (Knightian uncertainty) and risk for innovation decisions through the lens of real options. Our hypotheses are supported by a real options model, and are based on a new risk- and outcome-independent measure of ambiguity. We expect ambiguity to decrease innovation investment, whereas risk should increase innovation investment. The latter prediction is also consistent with prior work. Empirically, we find a consistently significant negative effect of ambiguity on R&D investment, as well as on patents and citations. We also find a significant positive effect of risk on R&D, but the effect of risk on patents and citations is negative and significant, which suggests that in the face of higher risk firms may wait and delay patenting. The effect of ambiguity is more important for high tech firms, which invest heavily in research and in patenting, consistent with our intuition.
A Compact, Ultrastable, Operando X-ray Ptychography Microscope at the Advanced Light Source

Author(s): Nowrouzi, Kasra | Advisor(s): Falcone, Roger | Abstract: X-ray imaging traces its roots back to the discovery of x-rays by Ro ntgen in 1901, in the form of simple projection imaging. Several decades later, fabrication of x-ray optics enabled image formation at higher resolutions, leading to microscopy. Nevertheless, microscopy at resolutions on the order of the x-ray wavelength has only become possible in recent years, after a host of enabling technologies, including high-brightness coherent sources, advanced detectors, high-performance computers and algorithms, and precision instrumentation were brought together by multidisciplinary teams of scientists to form one coherent imaging sys- tem. Today, x-ray ptychography microscopes operating at modern synchrotrons can image thick samples at unprecedented resolutions, and yield chemical information about the sam- ple, enabling novel material science studies. The field is rapidly developing, and the advent of new Diffraction Limited Storage Ring (DLSR) sources around the world promises to provide new opportunities with increased coherent brightness.This dissertation presents new advances in instrumentation and analysis at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. A new x-ray ptychography microscope is described, compact in size and ultrastable in both vibrations and drift, enabling better than 3nm spatial resolution, and integrating a TEM-compatible in-situ sample holder to enable multimodal, operando, and cryogenic experiments. A new approach to the analysis of spectro-microscopic data is presented, combining low-resolution STXM and high-resolution ptychography images to produce chemical maps at high resolution without a priori reference spectra. This is achieved by collecting STXM data at fine x-ray energy increments, from which spectra are extracted by PCA and clustering. The ptychography data, collected at only a few energies, is then fitted to these extracted spectra. Finally, new ideas are explored to speed up scanning in ptychography, leading to a reduction in scan overhead, dose, and data collection times. This is done in two ways: firstly, a simple, yet effective, scanning algorithm is introduced to adjust feedback parameters for the piezo stage scanning the zone plate, reducing the scan overhead time. Secondly, lower density scan patterns and their effects on quality and resolution of reconstructions are investigated; based on these, ideas are proposed to intelligently reduce the total number of diffraction patterns collected, while only minimally affecting results. Combined with the promise of increased coherent flux with upcoming DLSRs, leading to much shorter exposure times, these speedups will enable much faster ptychography scans, greatly facilitating tomography or in-situ experiments, currently taking many hours or days.
Bias Correction of Multi-sensor Total Column Ozone Satellite Data for 1978–2017

This study constructs a merged total column ozone (TCO) dataset using 20 available satellite Level 2 TCO (L2SAT) datasets over 40 years from 1978 to 2017. The individual 20 datasets and the merged TCO dataset are corrected against ground-based Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometer TCO (GD) measurements. Two bias correction methods are used: simple linear regression (SLR) as a function of time and multiple linear regression (MLR) as a function of time, solar zenith angle, and effective ozone temperature. All of the satellite datasets are consistent with GD within ±2 – 3 %, except for some degraded data from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer/Earth Probe during a period of degraded calibration and from the Ozone Mapping and Profiling Suite (OMPS) provided from NOAA at an early stage of measurements. OMPS data provided from NASA show fairly stable L2SAT– GD differences. The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment/MetOp-A and -B datasets show abrupt changes of approximately 8 DU coincident with the change of retrieval algorithm. For the TCO merged datasets created by averaging all coincident data located within a grid cell from the 20 satellite-borne TCO datasets, the differences between corrected and uncorrected TCOs by MLR are generally positive at lower latitudes where the bias correction increases TCO because of low effective ozone temperature. In the trend analysis, the difference between corrected and uncorrected TCO trends by MLR shows clear seasonal and latitudinal dependency, whereas such seasonal and latitudinal dependency is lost by SLR. The root mean square difference of L2SAT–GD for the uncorrected merged datasets, 8.6 DU, is reduced to 8.4 DU after correction using SLR and MLR. Therefore, the Corresponding author: Hiroaki Naoe, Department of Climate and Geochemistry Research, Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan E-mail: hnaoe@mri-jma.go. jp J-stage Advance Published Date: 3 February 2020 Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan Vol. 98, No. 2 354
Using the Technology Adoption Model to Assess Faculty Comfort with the Learning Management System.

When faculty need to use technology that is not familiar to them, it may take more time to integrate into to their teaching. The purpose of this study was to gather data on the ease of use and usefulness of the Blackboard LMS in anticipation of transitioning to a new LMS. A survey with the Technology Adoption Model (TAM) usability and perceived ease of use questions was sent to faculty in the Fall semester prior to the beginning of training for the transition to a new learning management system. Participation was voluntary and no questions were required. Most participants completed the full usefulness and ease of use Likert-style questions, but many declined to ﬁll out other questions about years teaching, title, age, or type of employment and comfort level. We obtained a 29 % response rate. Of those who received the survey, 48.5 % were Professors (full, assistant and associate) and 51.5 % were lecturers. Faculty averaged 13 years teaching with an average of 10 years at UNCW and most were between the ages of 44 and 65. There was no signiﬁcant association (α> 98%) between years teaching, title, age, or type of employment and usefulness or ease of use. Comfort level, however, demonstrated a negative association with both usefulness and ease of use. Faculty who identiﬁed themselves with lower comfort levels also reported that Blackboard was less useful and less easy to use. Based on the information gleaned in this survey, a full implementation plan including communication, opportunities for faculty buy-in for the plan, published timelines, and multiple options for training will be used to implement the new system.
Conscientious objection and South African medical practitioners' constructions of termination of pregnancy and emergency contraception

ii Glossary of terms . vi List of abbreviations . vii Dedication . x Acknowledgements . x Chapter one: the study . 1 Chapter two: approaches to the right to conscientious objection in medical practice . 10 CO and termination of pregnancy . 10 Conscientious objection and emergency contraception (EC) . 15 Conclusion . 20 Chapter three: medical practitioners and conscientious objection in selected countries where TOP and MAPs are legal . 21 The United States of America (USA) . 22 The United Kingdom (UK) . 28 Ireland . 34 Australia . 35 Italy . 35 Chile . 38 Conclusion . 39
Design and Implementation of Ozone Production Power Supply for the Application of Microbial Purification of Water

In this article, a new high-voltage and high-frequency power supply for ozone generation is introduced. This circuit uses a single switch and works in the resonant mode with the help of transformer magnetizing and leakage inductances (without adding a distinct resonant inductor), a separate resonant capacitor, and a step-up transformer to generate high voltage output. The simulation results demonstrate that with a 250-V dc input, a 7.9-kV pulse with 1.66 μs pulse-width is generated at the output. A hardware prototype with 250-V dc input and 7.3-kV output pulse is developed. The pulse repetition frequency can go up to 15 kHz, and the efficiency of 84% is achieved. The simulation, experimental, and microbiological test results are presented to validate the proposed converter and its operating principle.
Comfort, Connection and Music: Experiences of Music Therapy and Inter-Active Listening on a Palliative Care Unit

Music therapy in palliative care aims to provide psychosocial support, assistance with pain and symptom management and opportunities for life review and legacy work. Although there have been a variety of studies conducted on the effects of music therapy in palliative care facilities, there is a gap in research examining the experience and feasibility of music therapy on acute palliative care units within cancer care settings. This qualitative study explored the lived experience of inter-active listening (IAL), an individualized music therapy in which the therapist plays music or sings while the patient engages through listening, for nine inpatients on a palliative care unit. The study found that a receptive music therapy referred to as IAL was associated, in cancer patients in an acute palliative care unit, with increased emotional and spiritual well-being and a greater sense of connection to self and others. Further research into specific effects of various music therapy intervention styles is warranted.
Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of skeletal muscle changes following chronic denervation in the dog

This study sought to evaluate the effect of presumed chronic denervation (due to brachial plexus mass lesions) on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of muscle in the dog. One of the features of denervation that has been described is fat infiltration; prior to defining the effect of the brachial plexus mass lesions, this study first attempted to define the normal patterns of fat deposition with increasing body condition scores. MRI assessment of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat deposition was compared against two previously described methods of body condition scoring in the dog. There was a significant relationship between the 9-point body score (BCS) assessment and body fat percentages calculated on the basis of girth and hock measurements. Both of these methods correlated well with MRI determination of subcutaneous fat (SCF) thickness in the dorsal lumbar area and with total (dorsal and ventral) SCF in the cervical area. What was evident from the MRI evaluation of fat deposition was that the pattern of fat deposition in these regions differed, being predominantly subcutaneous in the lumbar region, but with fat deposition in both the subcutaneous and intermuscular regions in the cervical region. In both regions the amount of fat deposition increased from cranial to caudal. Intramuscular fat deposition assessed in terms of T1W signal hyperintensity in the lumbar epaxial muscles correlated well with BCS, though for cervical muscles the correlation was weaker and increasing BCS appeared to have less effect on MRI signal change in normal neck muscle. Having decided to focus on brachial plexus mass lesions, the ability to identify the individual proximal thoracic limb muscles by MRI was assessed. Proximal thoracic limb muscles identification and MRI appearance were found to depend on the MRI plane position, relative to the spine of the scapula. Better results for the identification of individual muscles were achieved on images with the plane aligned parallel to the spine of the scapula or at 90 degree angle to it, and with the limbs positioned in extension along the body and symmetrically to each other. Transverse images permitted better muscle detection. MRI of the proximal thoracic limb of 19 dogs with brachial plexus mass lesions showed a mixed pattern of T1W and T2W hyperintensity and variable degrees of muscles atrophy. Mass lesions were found in three shapes – globoid, tubular and fusiform. Multiple lesions were detected in 9 cases, and in 6 out of 9 cases these included lesions within the thoracic cavity. In 9 cases vertebral canal involvement was evident. Mass lesions were best detectable on the short tau inversion recovery sequence (STIR) followed by T2W and T1FatSat with contrast.
Effect of different BPS concentration on the thermal decomposition and thermal stability properties of GAP curing

ABSTRACT In order to study the optimal ratio of the degree of bis-propargyl-succinate (BPS) cures Glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), the thermal kinetics of BPS cured system was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), the thermal stability and mechanical properties were studied. GAP was cured by the reaction of the azide group with BPS through a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction to form a 1,2,3-triazole network. It was found that the DSC curves of the BPS cured system show an obvious exothermic peak at around 230–260°C for each sample at different heating rates. TG-DTG curves of the BPS/GAP system exhibit two major stages of mass loss for different samples at different heating rates. When the mass ratio of BPS and GAP is 0.4:1, the thermal stability and mechanical properties were optimal. Meanwhile, the activation energy and frequency factor are calculated by Kissinger and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa methods by non-isothermal thermoanalytical data, the kinetic parameters proved that 0.4 BPS sample shows high thermal stability and the parameters are significant for further research of curing system.
Combination of k-means with naïve bayes classifier in the process of image classification

In this paper, the data which has been tested is the image of bananas extracted based on the colour characteristics and statistics, namely red, green, blue, hue, saturation, value, average, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and energy. Image data is extracted as much as 60 data for training data, and images for test data as many as 105 data. From the 105 image data has been tested, the number of correct test data is 89 data and the number of incorrect test data is 16 data. The total percentage obtained from the test is 85%. The results obtained are a collection of images based on the level of maturity that is mature, medium, or raw.
R-Spondin-2 Modulates Osteoblastogenesis and Bone Accrual

VI LIST OF TABLES . X LIST OF FIGURES . XI CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Clinical Significance of Bone Mass Regulation . 1 1.2 Bone Mass Regulation . 4 1.3 Osteoblastogenesis . 5 1.4 The Wnt Signaling Pathway . 7 1.5 Wnt Signaling and Bone Mass Regulation . 8 1.6 Wnt Signaling and Osteoblastogenesis . 10 1.7 R-spondins . 10 1.8 R-spondins and Bone . 14 CHAPTER 2: R-SPONDIN-2 IS AN OSTEOBLAST-PRODUCED WNT AGONIST THAT REGULATES OSTEOBLASTOGENESIS . 21 2.