Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Triggers and Barriers of Financial Inclusion: A Country-Wise Analysis

JEL Classification: G21; G23; C23; C38. The objective of this study was twofold. The first goal was to construct a composite multi-dimensional index for financial inclusion using two stage principal component analysis for 91 countries for two benchmark years, 2011 and 2014 which includes both supply and demand side factors and compare the rank mobility using the World Bank Findex database. The second goal was to track the binding determinants of financial inclusion using a panel fixed effects model. A panel ordered probit model was used to judge the extent of causality between growth, sectoral share, female workforce participation, poverty reduction with different levels of financial inclusion. The middleand low-income countries can reach their potential if the sources of barriers have been tracked efficiently as this is the main constraint for an inclusive financial system. Toreduce the multidimensional poverty through endogenous stimulus of the poor population in South-Asian, Sub-Saharan and few Latin American countries, it is essential to reinforce the provision of financial resources for the working-age female population and to improve the affordability and accessibility of inclusive investment for rural populations.
Use of RNA-seq in Aquaculture Research

Volume 2 • Issue 2 • 1000e108 Poult Fish Wildl Sci ISSN: PFW, an open access journal High throughput, next-generation sequencing techniques have been widely used for gene expression profiling and the study of signal transduction pathways due to their superior advantages over microarray technology, which requires previous genomic sequence or expressed sequence tag information [1]. Whole-transcriptome shotgun sequencing is known as RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) [2], which is a technology that employed the capabilities of next-generation sequencing to reveal a snapshot of the presence and quantity of transcripts in a transcriptome at a given time [3]. RNA-seq can help to capture and annotate the transcriptome [4], and to discover novel transcribed regions in the genomes of non-model aquatic animals [46]. It has also been proven to be a sufficient tool to capture the genes and pathways involved in many biological processes of aquatic animals [7-9]. Therefore, the use of RNA-seq has attracted the attention of aquaculture researchers in many areas of research, and successful example studies have been reported in many economical aquaculture species [10-13].
Intelligence in preterm children at four years of age as a predictor of school function: a longitudinal controlled study

The aim of the study was to examine whether school performance was reduced in children with very‐low birthweight beyond what could be explained by the deficit in intelligence‐score at 4 years of age. Participants (n=333) examined at 4 years of age included three subgroups on the basis of birthweight: very‐low birthweight (VLBW <1501g; n=102), low birthweight (LBW 1500–2300g; n=139), and normal birthweight (NBW ·2500g; n=92). The general cognitive index index (CGI) from the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities was used as an intelligence measurement at this assessment. At 18 to 20 years of age a telephone interview concerning school performance was conducted. Two hundred and fifty‐seven participants (53% male, 47% female) entered the analysis. A model with School Performance score after the last year of compulsory school as the outcome variable, and McCarthy GCI and birthweight group as predicting variables, was used in linear regression analyses. Twenty‐four per cent of the variance was explained. Birthweight had no influence in this model. In conclusion, the study did not find that birthweight influenced school performance beyond that represented by the McCarthy GCI found at age 4 years.
Running Head: IMPROVING RELATIONAL INTEGRATION Does solving distant analogies facilitate relational integration?

Relational processing underpins many forms of human thinking. This research addressed whether relational integration in the n-term task (linear syllogisms with three and four premises) can be facilitated. We hypothesized that solving distant analogies (e.g., furnace : coal :: stomach : ______) but not near analogies (e.g., furnace : coal :: woodstove :______) would facilitate n-term performance of undergraduates (N = 120). Participants generated solutions to near analogies (near condition), to distant analogies (distant condition) while participants in the control condition completed a word rating task. Participants then completed the n-term task with items at two levels of complexity (ternary, quaternary), and a fluid intelligence test. Solving distant analogies facilitated relational integration on the more complex quaternary-relational items. It eliminated the complexity effect in the n-term task and the association between quaternary-relational reasoning and fluid intelligence.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) var . Brunca Transformación de frijol común ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) var . Brunca mediada por Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Common bean is a crop recalcitrant to in vitro regeneration and therefore it lacks an efficient transformation protocol that can be reproduced using A. tumefaciens. The main goal of this study was to establish a protocol for A. tumefaciens mediated transformation of Phaseolus vulgaris var. Brunca by marker genes (gusA and nptII) together with the gene for trehalose-6-phosphate synthase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (TPS1) used in other species to increase tolerance to abiotic stress. The β-glucuronidase activity was detected in 45 % of the LBA4404 ElectroMAX® pCAMBIA1301 infected explants. Transformed explants regenerated new shoots after four to five months period in a kanamycin rich media. Surviving plants were evaluated by PCR and presented an 0.5 % efficiency of transformation. The established protocol for genetic transformation of common bean has two additional advantages with respect to previous reports: (1) it allows for obtaining transformed regenerants and (2) the genetic transformation was stable for the selective gene.
Periodic leg movements in prepubertal children with sleep disturbance

This study's aims were to determine: (1) prevalence of periodic leg movements (PLMs) in walking prepubertal children consulting a sleep clinic for any sleep disorder; (2) associations between PLMs and other sleep and medical disorders; and (3) the response of other sleep disorders to treatment with the dopamine agonist pramipexol. Clinical evaluation and polysomnography were carried out for a period of 12 months on 252 consecutively seen, prepubertal children with sleep disorders (156 males, 96 females; aged 15mo to 11y, mean 7y 1mo, SD3y 10mo). Sleep disorders unrelated to PLMs were treated, and six children received pramipexol for PLMs. Follow‐up included clinical evaluation and polysomnography. Twenty‐three per cent of children were diagnosed with PLMs on the basis of polysomnography. The presence of PLMs had usually been unrecognized clinically. The only clinical symptom that could be related to periodic limb movement disorder was a report of leg pains at morning awakening. Only two of 58 children had PLMs without other clinical or polysomnographic findings. Comorbidity seen with PLMs included neuropsychiatric syndromes (n=20), isolated sleep disordered breathing (SDB; n=29), and several other comorbid conditions (n=7). Seven of 11 children seen with attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder also had PLMs. Surgery for SDB was associated with subsequent cessation of PLMs in 15 of 29 children. Five out of six children with PLMs who received pramipexol were able to tolerate the drug and experienced a complete disappearance of their PLMs. Presence of chronic fatigue, sleepiness, disrupted nocturnal sleep, and difficulties in falling asleep should lead to a systematic search for PLMs that is independent of associated syndromes. Isolated treatment of SDB might help eliminate some, but not all, PLMs.
Evidence for alternate stable States in Collapsing Ecological Networks

Background There has been considerable interest and progress in our perception of organized complexity in recent years. Recurrent debates on the dynamics and stability of complex systems have enriched our understanding of these systems, but generalities in the relationship between structure and dynamics are hard to come by. Although traditionally an arena for theoreticians, much of this research has been invigorated by demonstration of the existence of alternate stable equilibria in real world ecosystems such as lakes, coral reefs, forests and grasslands. Results Linking up systems thinking with recent advances in our understanding of ecological networks opens up exciting possibilities. In an attempt to obtain general patterns of behaviour of complex systems, we have analyzed the response of eighty-six real world ecological networks to targeted extinctions, and the findings suggest that most networks are robust to loss of specialists until specific thresholds are reached in terms of geodesics. If the extinctions persist, a state change or ‘flip’ occurs and the structural properties are altered drastically, although the network does not collapse. Further, we find that as opposed to simpler networks, larger networks have several such alternate states that ensure their long-term persistence and that indeed complexity does endow resilience to such networks. Conclusions This is the first report of critical transitions in ecological networks and the implications of these findings for complex systems characterized by networks are likely to be profound with immediate significance in conservation biology, invasion biology and restoration ecology.
Effect of the drug combination of magnesium sulfate and phentolamine on homocysteine and C-reactive protein in the serum of patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome

Effect and clinical efficacy of magnesium sulfate combined with phentolamine on homocysteine and C-reactive protein in the serum of patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome were investigated. A total of 96 patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome who were diagnosed and treated in Jining No. 1 People's Hospital from February 2016 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were grouped according to the dosage regimen. The patients who received the combination treatment of magnesium sulfate and phentolamine on the basis of magnesium sulfate were included in the observation group, and the patients who were treated with the intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate alone were included in the control group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), the content of 24 h urine protein, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Hcy, and CRP of the pregnant women were observed. MAP and the content of 24 h urine protein, SBP and DBP of the patients in the observation group after the treatment were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group (P<0.001). Hcy and CRP of the patients in the observation group after the treatment were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group (P<0.001). The total effective rate of the patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the meliorative effect of magnesium sulphate combined with phentolamine on the level of MAP, the content of 24 h urine protein, SBP, DBP, Hcy and CRP in pregnant woman had a greater impact than that of the single use of the intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, and the clinical efficacy of magnesium sulphate combined with phentolamine was better, thus worthwhile to promote widely in clinic.
Extracting and Aligning Timelines

Understanding the timeline of a story is a necessary ﬁrst step for extracting storylines. This is difﬁcult, because timelines are not explicitly given in documents, and parts of a story may be found across multiple documents, either repeated or in fragments. We outline prior work and the state of the art in both timeline extraction and alignment of timelines across documents. With regard to timeline extraction, there has been signiﬁcant work over the past 40 years on representing temporal information in text, but most of it has focused on temporal graphs and not timelines. In the past 15 years researchers have begun to consider the problem of extracting timelines from these graphs, but the approaches have been incomplete and inexact. We review these approaches and describe recent work of our own that solves timeline extraction exactly. With regard to timeline alignment, most efforts have been focused only on the speciﬁc task of cross-document event coreference (CDEC). Current approaches to CDEC fall into two camps: event–only clustering and joint event–entity clustering, with joint clustering using neural methods achieving state-of-the-art performance. All CDEC approaches rely on document clustering to generate a tractable search space. We note both shortcomings and advantages of these various approaches and, importantly, we describe how CDEC falls short of full timeline alignment extraction. We outline next steps to advance the ﬁeld toward full timeline alignment across documents that can serve as a foundation for extraction of higher-level, more abstract storylines.
Integrated Whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)] Management In Bt-Cotton in North India: An Agroecosystem-Wide Community-Based Approach

CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 119, NO. 4, 25 AUGUST 2020 618 Vijay Kumar, Jagdev Singh Kular and Pardeep Kumar Chhuneja are in the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India; Rishi Kumar is in the ICAR-Central Institute of Cotton Research, Sirsa 125 055, India; Sukhdev Singh Sidhu is in the Department of Agriculture (Punjab), Mohali 160 055, India. *For correspondence. (e-mail: pkchhuneja@pau.edu) Integrated whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)] management in Bt-cotton in North India: an agroecosystem-wide community-based approach
Veterinary Echocardiography

Echocardiography is used increasingly in the medical care of domesticated animals with spontaneous cardiovascular disease. Although the number of veterinarians engaged in clinical cardiology is comparatively small, veterinary application of echocardiography had a parallel development to the clinical experience of the medical cardiologist. Veterinary echocardiography has also benefited from laboratory investigations of experimentally induced cardiovascular disease, most notably from studies conducted in dogs. There are hundreds of publications related to echocardiography in animal research and veterinary care. This article will illustrate the clinical value of echocardiography in veterinary medicine by describing two-dimensional and M-mode imaging in animals, and initial experiences with Doppler echocardiography and color flow imaging. Our perspective is that of the veterinary clinician; thus, we will emphasize the value of Doppler echocardiography in the identification of comparative spontaneous cardiovascular diseases in animals. There is a large amount of information available regarding Doppler echocardiography in the evaluation of induced heart disease in laboratory dogs. We will limit our discussion to data that are clinically relevant to veterinary practice, thereby disregarding the otherwise important information about induced myocar-
Effects of invasive crayfish on fine sediment accumulation, gravel movement, and macroinvertebrate communities

Crayfish are one of the most prolific freshwater invaders, yet the role of crayfish as ecosystem engineers that structure benthic substrates in their nonnative habitat is rarely studied. We used an in situ experimental manipulation to document changes in sediment dynamics and macroinvertebrate density and richness caused by the presence or absence of invasive rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus). Rusty crayfish reduced fine-sediment accumulation and increased pit and mound structures in the river bed by moving gravels at the bed surface. We predicted that this omnivorous species would directly reduce macroinvertebrate density and richness, but we found that macroinvertebrate density was higher in treatments with rusty crayfish present and that macroinvertebrate richness did not differ between treatments with and without crayfish. Our findings suggest that rusty crayfish, which are spreading throughout the northeast USA, are probably important engineers of physical habitat structure in stream ecosystems. Rusty crayfish may also have unexpected, facilitative consequences for other benthic species by reducing fine-sediment accumulation in streams that are sediment impaired. Our study illustrates that biological forces can influence benthic gravel-size distributions and topography and suggests that crayfish may be important drivers of substrate-sorting dynamics and disturbance regimes, with consequences for community structure in streams where they are invasive.
Prevalence of hearing loss in Rett syndrome

This study examined the auditory status of females with Rett syndrome (RS) using auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing and measures of acoustic admittance. Prevalence of hearing impairment in 81 female patients (age range 1 year 3 months to 39 years 8 months; mean age 8 years 7 months, SD 6 years 4 months) was evaluated with ABR measurements. If the ABR latencies at 20dB nHL exceeded those of the normative group, a slight hearing loss was diagnosed. For ABR thresholds in the range 30 to 40dB nHL, a mild hearing loss was determined; moderate hearing loss was diagnosed for ABR thresholds in the range 50 to 60dB nHL. Bilateral hearing loss was found in 16 (19.3%) patients and unilateral hearing loss in 13 (16%) patients. Bilateral hearing loss of moderate degree was found in one patient. No patient was found with severe hearing loss (ABR threshold of 70dB nHL and above) in either ear. Slight hearing loss was found in 10.5% of ears (17 of 162), mild hearing loss in 14.2% of ears(23 of 162), and moderate hearing loss in 3.1% of ears (5 of 162). In 72.2% of ears (117 of 162), findings indicated the presence of normal peripheral auditory sensitivity. Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss was 17.3% (28 of 162). Evidence of conductive involvement (conductive and mixed hearing loss) was observed in 9.9% of ears (16 of 162). In this cross‐sectional study, the prevalence of hearing loss was increased in older RS participants and in those with seizures requiring the use of anticonvulsants. Neither the type of hearing loss nor the presence of preserved speech seemed to be correlated with the type of mutation in methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene that is associated with RS.
Ultimate Load Tests on Bearing Behavior of Large-Diameter Bored Piles in Weathered Rock Foundation

Based on the vertical compressive static load test and pile mechanics test of three large diameter bored piles (one of the test piles was treated with postgrouting) in granite gneisses foundation, the bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, and influencing factors of the single pile under the limit state are analyzed and compared with the recommended values of survey report and the recommended values of current codes. By comparing the measured and theoretical values of pile axial force, the bearing capacity of cast-in-place pile under normal and limit conditions is analyzed. The experimental results show that the Q-s curve of large-diameter rock-socketed mud wall retaining bored pile with a length-diameter ratio of 25–33 and rock-socketed depth of 5–8 d shows a rapid growth. After grouting treatment, the ultimate compressive bearing capacity of single pile is improved, the maximum settlement is reduced by 6.6%, the rebound rate is reduced by 11.1%, and the settlement effect of controlling pile top is not significant. The bearing capacity and deformation characteristics of the three test piles are less affected by length-diameter ratio and rock-socketed depth. For postgrouting piles, the ratio of frictional resistance of rock-socketed segment and the ratio of pile lateral resistance are less affected by length-diameter ratio and rock-socketed depth, while, for postgrouting piles, the ratio of pile lateral resistance is more affected by rock-socketed depth. The pile end resistance ratio of the three test piles is significantly affected by the rock-socketed depth, whether or not the pile side postgrouting treatment is carried out.
Optimal intervention in a random‐matching model of money

Wallace [2014] conjectures that there generically exists an inflation-financed transfer scheme that improves welfare over no intervention in pure-currency economies. We investigate this conjecture in the Shi-Trejos-Wright model with different upper bounds on money holdings. The choice of upper bound matters for the optimal policy as some potentially beneficial transfer schemes cannot be studied under small upper bounds. We numerically compute optima for a range of values of the parameters in utility function. Money creation (and accompanying inflation) becomes optimal in more examples when the upper bound on money holdings is larger, and this result is in line with the
FOOD SOURCES AND FEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF STRIATED CARACARAS (PHALCOBOENUS AUSTrALIS) IN WINTER ON AN UNINHABITED ISLAND IN THE FALKLAND ISLANDS: FEEDING

Little is known about the diet of Striated Caracaras (Phalcoboenus australis) in the Falkland Islands in winter, when breeding seabird colonies are absent. Opportunistic observations were made on Steeple Jason Island of feeding events on carrion or recently dead avian prey, and systematic observations of Striated Caracaras raking the soil for invertebrates. In the absence of summer food sources, this species appears to rely on communal, sociable raking for invertebrates. This behaviour contrasts with the “feeding frenzy” when fresh meat is available. Discussion focusses on the survival value of this social foraging behaviour.
A Concept Building Approach to Measure University’s Brand Image

The study is a conceptual roadmap for the development of the idea to measure the effectiveness of universities stake holders’ person factors and as well as situational ones in brand image building of an academic institution. Customer Relationship Management (CRM), internal marketing, advertising and social media are playing the role of mediating constructs and it is hypothesized that they are much more important in the brand image building process. The study is a deductive research where different concepts are taken to constitute the independent, mediating and dependent construct leading to build a new concept. Brand image has been studied in a different industry. However, the brand image of an academic institution that attracts the students to take the admission with measuring the effect of other components on it, is a different kind of study. This research is in its preliminary phase where it has been checked with literature.Secondary information serves as the base of study. Most of the available literature and theories have been incorporated and explained clearly for the understanding of the thought.Keywords: advertising, brand image, CRM, internal marketing, social mediaJEL: M31, M37