Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Vital Improvement? Relating Google's Core Web Vitals to Actual Web QoE

Providing sophisticated web Quality of Experience (QoE) has become paramount for web service providers and network operators alike. Due to advances in web technologies (HTML5, responsive design, etc.), traditional web QoE models focusing mainly on loading times have to be refined and improved. In this work, we relate Google's Core Web Vitals, a set of metrics for improving user experience, to the loading time aspects of web QoE. To this end, we first perform objective measurements in the web using Google's Lighthouse. To close the gap between metrics and experience, we complement these objective measurements with subjective assessment by performing multiple crowdsourcing QoE studies. In these studies, we use CWeQS, a customized framework to emulate the entire web page loading process, and ask users for their experience while controlling the Core Web Vitals. Our results suggest that the Core Web Vitals have less predictive value for web QoE than expected and that page loading times remain the main influence factor in this context.
Symmetric geometric measure and dynamics of quantum discord

A symmetric measure of quantum correlation based on the Hilbert-Schmidt distance is presented in this paper. For two-qubit states, we simplify considerably the optimization procedure so that numerical evaluation can be performed efficiently. Analytical expressions for the quantum correlation are attained for some special states. We further investigate the dynamics of quantum correlation of the system qubits in the presence of independent dissipative environments. Several nontrivial aspects are demonstrated. We find that the quantum correlation can increase even if the system state is suffering dissipative noise. Sudden changes occur, even twice, in the time evolution of quantum correlation. There is certain correspondence between the evolution of quantum correlation in the systems and that in the environments, and the quantum correlation in the systems will be transferred into the environments completely and asymptotically.
A method of simultaneously detecting the damage position and degree of wind turbine blades based on OFDR

We proposed a method for simultaneous detection of the position and degree of wind turbine blade damage based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflection (OFDR) mechanism. The spatial resolution of damage localization by this method is 0.01m, and the damage degree identification error is less than 3.4%. It provides a new method for online damage monitoring of wind turbine blades.
GNSS Receiver Anti-jamming Algorithm Based on Estimation of Array Steering Vector

An adaptive blind beam-forming algorithm based on array steering vector estimation is proposed to suppress interference signals received by the satellite navigation receivers. The received data are firstly projected to signal plus noise subspace to suppress strong interference in the first stage. Then the output data from the signal plus noise subspace are sent to carrier phase estimation modules, where each satellite navigation signal is tracked to estimate array steering vector. With the estimated steering vector, beams pointing to the direction of navigation satellites can be formed. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is valid for interference suppression in presence of interference, and the anti-jamming performance is much better than the power inversion (PI) algorithm and maximum carrier to noise ratio (MCNR) with three successive integrations.
An improved forward intersection measurement strategy based on structural parameters for machine vision systems

Conventional forward intersection measurement methods in close-range photogrammetry depend on on-site calibrations with aids of control points or parameters from other categories of visual sensors in an object coordinate system. This may restrict the wider adoption of machine vision system. To address these limitations, two key structural parameters were set for expressing the visual-related vectors and for building a measurement coordinate system located on carrier. Two categories of co-spherical resection algorithms were established to calibrate the two key structural parameters based on the resection of principal optic axes in their normal directions. A new parameter vector model was proposed for the collinear equation of co-spherical resection, in which three points on a principal optic axis were included, they are principal target point, perspective point, and tangent point. The vectors for the improved forward intersection measurement were expressed by structural parameters, optical parameters, and posture value of the camera in the measurement coordinate system. Experimental results demonstrated that the calibrations of the two structural parameters by the two co-spherical resection algorithms were both accurate, and the improved forward intersection strategy was effective. The strategy not only dispenses with on-site calibrations, but also achieves satisfactory measurement accuracy on both the spatial plane targets and the plant leaves. The parameter vector model, the two structural parameters, the two co-spherical resection algorithms, and the improved forward intersection strategy hope to be applied to machine-vision platforms with multi-degrees of freedom to facilitate control of robots.
Low Cost mmWaves Electromagnetic Spectrum Monitoring System for Education and Research Purpose

Currently, there is a growing demand for new wireless communications services, which require increasingly higher speeds and have a higher user demand. This leads to exploring the electromagnetic spectrum with millimeter waves (mmWaves), which is a complement to this high demand. One of the problems of these spectrum bands for research and teaching is the high cost of measuring equipment, for this reason, in this research the use of signal harmonics for the transmitter under test, to make use of equipment between 2 GHz to 18 GHz, to monitor spectrum in the 26 GHz to 40 GHz band. The third harmonic signal is measured with a Signal Hound digital spectrum analyzer and a down converter LNB, the tests carried out to validate the possibility of teaching and researching mmWaves with the proposed structure.
SUBARU AND GEMINI HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION INFRARED 18 μm IMAGING OBSERVATIONS OF NEARBY LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES

We present the results of a ground-based, high spatial resolution infrared 18 μm imaging study of nearby luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), using the Subaru 8.2 m and Gemini-South 8.1 m telescopes. The diffraction-limited images routinely achieved with these telescopes in the Q band (17–23 μm) allow us to investigate the detailed spatial distribution of infrared emission in these LIRGs. We then investigate whether the emission surface brightnesses are modest, as observed in starbursts, or are so high that luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs; high emission surface brightness energy sources) are indicated. The sample consists of 18 luminous buried AGN candidates and starburst-classified LIRGs identified in earlier infrared spectroscopy. We find that the infrared 18 μm emission from the buried AGN candidates is generally compact, and the estimated emission surface brightnesses are high, sometimes exceeding the maximum value observed in and theoretically predicted for a starburst phenomenon. The starburst-classified LIRGs usually display spatially extended 18 μm emission and the estimated emission surface brightnesses are modest, within the range sustained by a starburst phenomenon. The general agreement between infrared spectroscopic and imaging energy diagnostic methods suggests that both are useful tools for understanding the hidden energy sources of the dusty LIRG population.
Measuring the Impact of Data Augmentation Techniques in Lung Radiograph Classification Using a Fractional Factorial Design: A Covid-19 Case Study

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become dominant in various computer vision tasks, obtaining state-of-the-art results in medical image analysis. Nevertheless, CNNs require large datasets to achieve high performance, which might not always be available in medical settings. Hence, different data augmentation strategies have been proposed to synthetically increase the size and diversity of a dataset. According to the state of the art, the relationship between data augmentation operations and the classification accuracy of a neural network has not been fully explored. In this work, the effect that basic augmentation techniques have in the detection of COVID-19 on chest X-Ray images is analyzed using a 2(7−1) fractional factorial experimental design. The experimental results show that zoom in and height shift operations have a significant positive effect on the accuracy, while horizontal flip operation hinders the performance. Moreover, by applying a cube plot analysis, the data augmentation operations and values that maximize the accuracy of the CNN are found. A 97% accuracy, 93% precision, and 97.7% recall scores are attained on a publicly available COVID-19 dataset using these data augmentation operations.
Spatially resolved optical integral field unit spectroscopy of the inner superwind of NGC 253

We present optical integral field unit (IFU) observations (VLT/VIMOS-IFU and WIYN/SparsePak), and associated archival deep Hα imaging (MPG/ESO 2.2 m WFI), of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253. With VIMOS we observed the nuclear region and southern superwind outflow in detail with five pointings, and with the WIYN/SparsePak IFU we observed two partially overlapping regions covering the central disc and northern halo. The high signal-to-noise ratio of the data and spectral resolution (80-90 km s ―1 ) enable us to accurately decompose the emission line profiles into multiple components. The combination of these data sets, together with the wealth of information on NGC 253 available in the literature, allows us to study the starburst-driven superwind in great detail. We investigate the known minor axis outflow cone, which is well-defined in the Hα imaging and kinematics between radii of 280 and 660 pc from the nucleus. Kinematic modelling indicates a wide opening angle (~60°), an inclination consistent with that of the disc and deprojected outflow speeds of a few 100 km s ―1 that increase with distance above the plane. The [N II]/Hα and [S II]/Hα line ratio maps imply that a significant fraction of the wind optical emission lines arise from shocked gas, with localized pockets/filaments of strongly shocked gas. From the kinematics, the cone appears partially closed in at least one place, and very broad Hα linewidths (>400 km s ―1 full width at half maximum) suggest there is material filling the cone in some regions. Extrapolation of the cone to its apex shows it is not centred on the starburst nucleus, suggesting the wind is deflected and collimated by the dense circumnuclear material. We discuss the implications of these findings on our understanding of the origins and evolution of the superwind. No evidence for an outflow is found on the north-western side of the disc out to >2 kpc in our optical data, due to obscuration by the foreground disc. The lack of an obvious connection between the inner (r < 1 kpc) Hα and X-ray bright outflow cone and the large-scale (r ≲ 10 kpc) X-ray 'horns' is also discussed.
A Spatially Coupled PAC Coding Scheme and Its List Decoding

In order to promote the reliability and efficiency of transport block (TB)-based transmission, we propose a new class of spatially coupled Polarization-Adjusted Convolutional (PAC) coding scheme in this paper. In the proposed scheme, several consecutive code blocks (CBs) in each TB are coupled by the register states at the end of the encoding of each CB, and a depth-first successive-cancellation list (SCL)-based decoder is used for decoding. The proposed spatially coupled PAC codes introduce little coding complexity at the encoding side, and the coupling procedure is able to significantly mitigate the TB error rate (TBER), which are validated by extensive simulation results.
Chromosome Image Segmentation Based on OTSU and Region Growing Algorithm

Chromosome image segmentation is of great significance for karyotype analysis. Traditional segmentation algorithms are widely used due to their fast speed and strong practicability. However, the traditional segmentation algorithm has the problem of incomplete segmentation of chromosome regions when processing chromosome images. This paper proposes a segmentation algorithm that combines Otsu and region growing algorithm. The region growing algorithm grows by a sliding window. The algorithm determines the growth criterion based on the improved Otsu threshold selection formula. The segmentation of chromosome images using this algorithm is compared with traditional methods. The results show that the algorithm in this paper has complete segmentation of chromosome images with the smallest error. The algorithm in this paper can achieve an accurate segmentation of chromosome images.
Gravitational wave detection in space

Gravitational wave (GW) detection in space is aimed at low frequency band (100 nHz - 100 mHz) and middle frequency band (100 mHz - 10 Hz). The science goals are the detection of GWs from (i) Supermassive Black Holes; (ii) Extreme-Mass-Ratio Black Hole Inspirals; (iii) Intermediate-Mass Black Holes; (iv) Galactic Compact Binaries and (v) Relic GW Background. In this paper, we present an overview on the sensitivity, orbit design, basic orbit configuration, angular resolution, orbit optimization, deployment, time-delay interferometry and payload concept of the current proposed GW detectors in space under study. The detector proposals under study have arm length ranging from 1000 km to 1.3 x 109 km (8.6 AU) including (a) Solar orbiting detectors -- ASTROD-GW (ASTROD [Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices] optimized for GW detection), BBO (Big Bang Observer), DECIGO (DECi-hertz Interferometer GW Observatory), e-LISA (evolved LISA [Laser Interferometer Space Antenna]), LISA, other LISA-type detectors such as ALIA, TAIJI etc. (in Earth-like solar orbits), and Super-ASTROD (in Jupiter-like solar orbits); and (b) Earth orbiting detectors -- ASTROD-EM/LAGRANGE, GADFLI/GEOGRAWI/g-LISA, OMEGA and TIANQIN.
Estimating 6D Pose Using RANSAC Voting

Many recent works show that there is an extreme challenge for 6D pose estimation when objects are occluded from each other, especially since it is hard to infer invisible keypoints for some keypoint-based methods. In this paper, we propose a novel convolutional neural network for 6D pose estimation from a single RGB image. This network predicts the keypoints pixel by pixel using RANSAC voting. We evaluate this method on LINEMOD and Occlusion LINEMOD datasets, and generate our own datasets with several real objects for robotic grasping. The results show that the proposed network achieves a high accuracy for 6D pose estimation, and the grasping method based on our proposed network can grasp objects stably in real scenes.
Analysis Patch Stack Microstrip Antenna for Low Elevation of Mobile Satellite Communications

This paper presents the design and performance analysis of patch stack six patches as receiver and transmitter become one configuration of triangular microstrip array antenna both simulation and measurement results at low elevation, $\text{El}=48^{\mathrm{o}}$ and at frequency target 2.5025 GHz and 2.6575 GHz. In this time, we compare the receiver (Rx) and the transmitter (Tx) of this antenna, especially the values of frequency characteristic, input impedances, and radiation pattern. Also, we add the PET radome for Rx to be analyzed its effect toward the antenna performance. The method of moments is used considering an infinite ground analysis. The input impedances of this antenna in calculation and measurement both at 2.5025 GHz for Rx and at 2.6575 GHz for Tx are closed to $50 \Omega$ or about $33.07+\mathrm{j}2.68\Omega$ and about 35.17 $+\mathrm{i}1.79\Omega$ and about $32.02 + \mathrm{i}16.44 \Omega$ and $31.2 +\mathrm{j}2.22\Omega$, respectively. Moreover, the radiation pattern, especially the elevation cut-plane at El $=48^{\mathrm{o}}$ for six patches of Rx around 0.007 dB and 0.1 dB of axial ratio and 7.2 dBic and 7.1 dBic of gain. While for Tx about dB and 1.2 dB of axial ratio and 5.9 and 5.8 of gain. Moreover, when using a sized PET radome 22 x 11, the performance of antenna, especially the elevation angle which shift from $\text{El} =38^{\mathrm{o}}$ to $\text{El }=58^{\mathrm{o}}$ at $\mathrm{f}=2.5025$ GHz (Rx) yields the gain more than 5 dBic and the axial ratio less than 3 dB. Here, the antenna performance does not be affected in significant value.
Toward a More Robust Canny for Edge Detection

From the first appearance of Canny to present day, few edge detection algorithms can be as critical as it is. Specifically, these non-Canny framework-based algorithms do boost some disadvantaged metrics under certain conditions, but the outstanding overall performance of Canny makes it still being universally applied. Actually, some improvements in disadvantaged metrics can be achieved directly within the framework of Canny. This has rarely been discussed in the past for the deficiency of the comprehensive analysis for Canny. So, this paper presents a more robust Canny that substantiates the idea, in which the amplitude were calculated using the fitting plane, and the threshold filtering was achieved with the standard deviation
VLT/NACO near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy of N88A in the SMC

Aims. We present near-infrared imaging and spectroscopic high spatial resolution observations of the SMC region N88 containing the bright, excited, extincted and compact H II region N88A of the size of about 1 pc. Methods. To investigate its stellar content and reddening, N88 was observed using spectroscopy and imagery in the JHKs- and L � -band at a spatial resolution of ∼0.1−0.3 �� , using the VLT UT4 equipped with the NAOS adaptive optics system. In an attempt to establish if the origin of the infra-red (IR) excess is due to bright nebulosity, circumstellar material and/or local dust, we used K sv s. J − K color−magnitude (CM) and JHK color−color (CC) diagrams, as well as Limagery. Results. Our IR-data reveal in the N88 area an IR-excess fraction of ≥30 per cent of the detected stars as well as an unprecedently detailed morphology of N88A. It consists of an embedded cluster of ∼3.5 �� (∼1 pc) in diameter of at least thirteen resolved stars superposed with an unusual bright continuum centered on a very bright star. The four brightest stars in this cluster lie red-ward of H − K ≥ 0.45 mag and could be classified as young stellar object (YSO) candidates. Four other probable YSO candidates are also detected in N88 along a north-south bow-shaped thin H2 filament at ∼7 �� east of the young central bright star. This star, which we assume to be the main exciting source, could also be complex. At 0.2 �� east of this star, a heavily embedded core is detected in the L � -band. This core with L � ∼ 14 mag and L � − K ≥ 4.5 mag could be a massive class I protostar candidate. The 2.12 μ mH 2 image of N88A resembles a shell of a diameter of ∼3 �� (∼0.9 pc) centered on the bright star. This shell consists of three bright components, of which the brightest one superposes the ionization front. The line ratios of H2 2− 1S (1) and 1−0 S(0) relative to 1−0 S(1), as well as the presence of high v lines, are indicative of photodissociation regions, rather than shocks.
Real-time Detection of Bio-inspired Kilobots: A Comparison of Cloud vs. Local Resources

Swarm robots are a large group of simple robots that coordinate their actions through decentralization. Individual robots make decisions based on interactions and information gathered from the environment. This enables the bot to mimic the natural swarm behaviour seen in birds, ants, and other natural insects. This research proposes using Computer Vision to intervene if a bot fails to exploit adaptive environmental variables to adjust a decentralized swarm’s autonomous behaviour. The decision of selecting a computational resource for processing of real-time detection and tracking of bio-inspired Kilobot is challenging. A comparison between local and cloud-based computational resources has been presented utilising varying environmental conditions which can help determine the most efficient and affordable platform for swarm processing. Local computational resources provide overall efficient results but Cloud computational resources provide faster execution results.
Uncertainty Propagation with an Asynchronous Temporal Co-simulation Method Applied to a Transmission Line Network

Time-domain co-simulation has become increasingly popular for dealing with complex industrial electromagnetic computing problems. However, these methods require the exchange of information and simulation results for each time iteration. Moreover, the systems to be studied often introduce uncertainties related to their input parameters. Therefore, uncertainty propagation plays an essential role in electromagnetic compatibility design, and its impact should be highly considered. To tackle these constraints, this paper proposes an asynchronous temporal co-simulation method able to deal efficiently with uncertainties. The purpose is to obtain the stochastic response of the global system after dividing it. This paper details the basics of the technique illustrated, first, with two applications that highlight the method's efficiency. Then, the focus is put on the uncertainty propagation within sub-systems. The results obtained are compared with the global simulation and validate the methodology.
Evaluating the Thermal Conductivity of Three-phase Insulation Composite using Analytical and Numerical Methods

Sustainable insulation materials have been more attractive in the last two decades due to biodegradability, low embodied energy, availability, and non-toxicity. Those materials are primarily fabricated as composite materials using natural plant fibres. Then, the material contains three phases, i.e., fibre, binder, and air void. The volume fraction of each phase will decide the material’s insulation properties and can be analyzed using experimental, analytical, and numerical methods. Numerical and analytical methods are more attractive compared to experimental methods due to cost-effectiveness and less time consumption. However, only a limited number of studies have attempted to find the effective thermal conductivity (Keff) of a three-phase composite by these methods. In this study, the authors have suggested a plan to find the Keff of this composite using a numerical method and validated through the analytical techniques. This study, coir fibre was used as a fibre material and latex as a binder material. The results show that the numerical model should be changed based on the air void fraction. It was concluded that the close-pores structure model applies to the pore volume fraction of 0.65 and the open-pores structure model for pore fractions above 0.65 for numerical analysis.