Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Turbulent Mixing in an Overturning Circulation Maintained by Surface Buoyancy Forcing

The role of externally imposed rates of small-scale mixing in an overturning circulation forced by differential surface buoyancy fluxes is examined in a laboratory experiment. The circulation occupies the full volume and involves a dense turbulent plume against the endwall and a broad upwelling throughout the interior. For strong externally imposed stirring, turbulent diffusion is the primary means of vertical density transport in the flow, and the dependence of the equilibrated circulation on the mixing rate accords with a theoretical model; the overturning rate increases as the 1 /4 power of the turbulent diffusivity. For weak externally imposed stirring, advection is the dominant mechanism of vertical density transport, and the circulation is independent of the rate of external stirring. The rate of vertical density transport is parameterized as a bulk diffusivity obtained from different methods, including one from a Munk-like advection‐diffusion balance and another from the transport of buoyancy across the surface. For strong stirring, the bulk diffusivities returned by the various methods agree with the externally imposed mixing rate. However, the parameterizations implicitlyinclude anondiffusivecomponentof verticaltransportassociatedwith advection of the density field and it is shown that, for weak stirring, the bulk diffusivities exceed the externally imposed mixingrate. For the oceans, resultssuggestthat the primary effect ofmixing(with energy sourced fromwinds, tides, and convection) is to deepen the thermocline, thereby influencing the entrainment and consequent vertical transport of density in the dense sinking regions. It is concluded that this advective transport of density, and not vertical mixing, is crucial for coupling the surface to the abyss.
COMPLEMENTARITIES IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES : THE CASE OF KAZAKHSTAN By

Policy complementarities have often been overlooked in transition economies, leading to the exclusion or partial adoption of reforms. This paper examines the key determinants of successful transition strategies, and concludes that an approach exploiting complementary relationships and interactions between policies is most likely to result in a welfare improvement. Based on nine policy areas from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Transition Indicators database, composite indicators measuring reform implementation and complementarity are constructed. Panel data estimates for 30 countries over the period 1989 to 2012 demonstrate a positive association between improvements in reform complementarity and economic growth. Moreover, the effects are found to persist over time for up to two years after the initial policy change, and are robust to the inclusion of a wide range of control variables. Applying these findings to the case of Kazakhstan illustrates that comprehensive reforms to a targeted group of complementary policies generate sustained increases in output growth, whereas a partial reform strategy results in a loss of welfare. JEL classification codes: P2; O40; C33.
Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC)

Usually, elution gradient high performance liquid chromatography using polymeric octadecyl bonded phases is chosen for this kind of separation. Due to the properties of carbon dioxide, low viscosity, high eluting power, separations obtained by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) are generally faster than by liquid solvents. This paper reports the study of the PAH separation by SFC. The effects of the nature and percentage of modifiers, pressure, tem- perature and the choice of the stationary phase (mono or polyfunctional, high or low bonded density) are discussed. Results show that coupling two different columns is needed to reach the complete separation of the 16 PAHs requires by the standard of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA 610). The separation is achieved in 25 minutes with a linear acetonitrile/CO 2 mobile phase gradient. Applied to the analysis of soil extracts, this analytical technique is enable to separate numerous other compounds than standard PAHs.
A Novel Enhancing Technique for Parallel FDTD Method using Processor Affinity and NUMA Policy

─ The traditional multiple CPUs mounted on one node in a high performance cluster is based on Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP) architecture. The memory bandwidth is a major bottleneck in the high performance computing. Recently, Intel and AMD companies developed the (Non-uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architecture for the multi-CPU server that is an important extension of the SMP computer. In the NUMA architecture server, each CPU has its own memory and can also be access to the memory located the nearby of other CPUs through the onboard network. For a parallel code, we can allocate the data for each CPU inside its local memory to accelerate the memory access. In this paper, we investigate a way how to achieve the high performance of parallel FDTD code on a computer cluster that includes 21 nodes with 42 CPU and 168 cores. Numerical experiments have demonstrated that different job binding schemes can significantly affect the performance of parallel
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF AGEISM ATTITUDE SCALE AMONG THE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ÜN‹VERS‹TE Ö⁄RENC‹LER‹NDE YAfiLI AYRIMCILI⁄I TUTUM ÖLÇE⁄‹N‹N GEL‹fiT‹R‹LMES‹ VE PS‹KOMETR‹K DE⁄ERLEND‹RMES‹

Girifl: Bu araflt›rma, üniversite ö¤rencilerinin yafll› ayr›mc›l›¤›na iliflkin tutumlar›n›n belirlenmesine yönelik gelifltirilen ölçme arac›n›n psikometrik aç›dan incelenmesi amac›yla gerçeklefltirilmifltir. Yafll› ayr›mc›l›¤›; toplum, aile bireyleri ve gençlerin genel olarak yafll› bireylere ve yafllanmaya karfl› tafl›d›klar› olumsuz tutumlardan kaynaklanmaktad›r. Bu araflt›rmada gelifltirilen ölçe¤in konu ile ilgili alana önemli katk› verece¤i düflünülmektedir. Öncelikle üniversite ö¤rencilerinin yafll› ayr›mc›l›¤›na iliflkin tutumlar›n›n belirlenmesi, gelecek neslin yafll› ve yafllanmaya iliflkin daha olumlu tutum ve davran›fl gelifltirmelerine katk›da bulunacakt›r. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araflt›rman›n örneklemini bir üniversitede ö¤renim gören ve büyüklü¤e orant›l› tabakal› seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi kullan›larak seçilen ö¤renciler oluflturmufltur. Örneklem kapsam›na toplam 500 ö¤renci (291 k›z, 209 erkek) al›nm›flt›r. Veri toplama arac› olarak Yafll› Ayr›mc›l›¤› Tutum Ölçe¤i (YATÖ) gelifltirilmifltir. Bulgular: Yafll› Ayr›mc›l›¤› Tutum Ölçe¤i 23 madde ve üç boyuttan (yafll›n›n yaflam›n› s›n›rlama, yafll›ya yönelik olumlu ayr›mc›l›k, yafll›ya yönelik olumsuz ayr›mc›l›k) oluflmaktad›r. Ölçe¤in tüm maddeleri aras›nda istatistiksel olarak anlaml› iliflki oldu¤u belirlenmifltir (p<0.01). Ölçe¤in toplam iç tutarl›l›k katsay›s›n›n (Cronbach’s) 0.80 oldu¤u bulunmufltur. Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular ölçe¤in; üniversite ö¤rencilerinin yafll› ayr›mc›l›¤›na iliflkin tutumlar›n› belirlemede istenen düzeyde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme arac› oldu¤unu ve bu konuda yap›lacak di¤er çal›flmalarda kullan›labilece¤ini göstermektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yafll›; Önyarg›; De¤erlendirme. ABSTRACT
Archiving nature's heartbeat using smartphones

The impact of urban development and climate change has created the impetus to monitor changes in the environment, particularly, the behaviour, habitat and movement of fauna species. The aim of this chapter is to present the design and development of a sensor network based on smart phones to automatically collect and analyse acoustic and visual data for environmental monitoring purposes. Due to the communication and sophisticated programming facilities offered by smart phones, software tools can be developed to allow data to be collected, partially processed and sent to a remote server over the network for storage and further processing. This sensor network which employs a client-server architecture has been deployed in three applications: monitoring a rare bird species near Brisbane Airport, study of koalas behaviour at St Bees Island, and detection of fruit flies. The users of this system include scientists (e.g. ecologists, ornithologists, computer scientists) and community groups participating in data collection or reporting on the environment (e.g. students, bird watchers). The chapter focuses on the following aspects of our research: issues involved in using smart phones as sensors; the overall framework for data acquisition, data quality control, data management and analysis; current and future applications of the smart phone-based sensor network, and our future research directions.
A Low Cost 3D Skin Wrinkle Reconstruction System Based on Stereo Semi-Dense Matching

In the paper, we proposed a new system to retrieve 3D wrinkle data based on stereo images. Usually, 3D reconstruction based on stereo images or video is very popular and it is the research focus, which has been applied for culture heritage, building and other scene. The target is object measurement, the scene depth calculation and 3D data obtained. There are several challenges in our research. First, it is hard to take the full information wrinkle images by cameras because of light influence, skin with non-rigid object and camera performance. W e design a particular computer vision system to take winkle images with a long length camera lens. Second, it is difficult to get the dense stereo data because of the hard skin texture image segmentation and corner detection. We focus on semi-dense stereo matching algorithm for the wrinkle depth. Compared with the 3D scanner, our system is much cheaper and compared with the physical modeling based method, our system is more flexible with high performance.
Differential Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Polarity, EMT and Cell-Fate in Breast Cancer and Corresponding Normal Tissue

Objectives: Cell polarity and epithelial morphology are peculiar features of cells forming the terminal ductal lobular unit, and they are early lost during neoplastic transformation because of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To understand these early events we analyzed a set of 125 genes related to cell polarity, EMT and cell-fate decision in 26 breast cancer specimens and corresponding patient-matched normal tissue. Methods: The difference of gene expression was explored by t-paired test. In addition, to evidence latent variables accounting for genes correlations, a Factor Analysis was applied as exploratory technique. Results: Among the 90 differentially expressed genes, those coding for cell-polarity complexes, apical-junctional components and luminal cytokeratins were overexpressed in tumor samples (suggesting a terminally differentiated phenotype) whereas those coding for stemness-associated features or related with EMT were expressed in normal tissues but not in tumor samples, suggesting the persistence of stem/progenitor cells. Factor analysis confirmed these findings and indicated that the difference between tumors and normal tissues can be synthesized in three main features representative of specific molecular/morphological alterations. Conclusions: The a priori definition of a selected panel of genes and the application of an exploratory statistical approach, greatly contribute to reduce the intrinsic biological complexity of tumor specimens and to describe the difference between tumor specimens and corresponding histologically normal tissues.
Motions of trace particles and red blood cells in a PDMS microchannel with a converging bifurcation

This paper presents microflow visualizations of both pure water and red blood cells (RBCs) in a converging bifurcation. The visualizations are a combination of results obtained from a confocal micro-PTV system and an image analysis technique known as “Zproject” from ImageJ. Our preliminary qualitative results suggest that the cell-free layer (CFL) that is formed in middle of the microchannel (after confluence apex) may play an important role on RBCs trajectories.
Renewable Resources, Ethnic Institutions and Regional Economic Activity: The Case of Maritime Fishery in Africa

Maritime sheries in African coastal regions play an important role as a driver of economic and social development. Africa is also a highly fractionalized country and deeply-rooted ethnic institutions play a major role on how natural resources are managed. This paper constructs a novel panel dataset, which combines information on sh production with regional variation in economic activity. We use satellite data on nighttime light intensity to analyse the impact of shocks to
Empirical indicators of the affected human needs of puerperal women : Validation by focus group

Problem: During the postpartum period, the biological, psychological and psychosocial needs of women are changed. This fact places them in a vulnerable situation. Objective: To validate the relationship of empirical indicators with human needs affected in the puerperium. Method: Validation study carried out with five experts by focus group. Results: We identified and categorized 78 empirical indicators. From the focus group process, twenty-seven (27) affected human needs were related, that is, sixteen (16) were psychobiological in nature, ten (10) were psychosocial and one (1) was psycho-spiritual. The results of the focus group demonstrated a consensus in terms of judges’ opinions regarding all the items displayed, since they have obtained 70% of the concordance index. Conclusion: From the identification of empirical indicators in the puerperium, it was possible to establish a relationship with the human needs of Horta, as well as validate them by means of expert opinion. Descriptors: Obstetric Nursing; Postpartum Period; Data Collection; Validation Studies.
Basic Life Skills Required by Girl-Children to Overcome Adversities of Polygamy in Etsako Nigeria

Polygamous adversity combined with factors like gender discrimination and early marriages results to lowered female literacy and quality of life. This phenomenon extensively impacts the population and societies throughout Etsako west Nigeria. Intent of this study was to explore skills that enabled girl-children overcome polygamous adversities and succeed to acquire higher education. Semi-structured interviews with 15 women of polygamous backgrounds who succeeded to acquire high education yielded research data. Data analysis revealed 3 critical skills that participants used to overcome polygamous adversity including: (a) Survival, (b) Resilience, and (c) Coping. These skills may become the basis for future interventions and support programs . Child care professionals, counselors, Organizational leaders, educational authorities, family and community heads can use findings for comprehensive framework in trainings and support programs. The training and support programs may help girl children who are currently experiencing polygamous challenges succeed against adversities and acquire high education.
Personalized Microblog Search on Twitter

This thesis describes our approach to microblog search personalization. The approach uti-lizes implicit information about the user’s interests to personalize original search results. We first present how do we model users’ preferences on Twitter. Subsequently, we investi-gate different ways to represent search results so that they can be compared with users’ preferences. In addition, we provide a set of personalized strategies and evaluate them in two experiments. Furthermore, we compare the performance of our personalized strategies and further analyze their impacts on the retrieval effectiveness. Our research suggests that our personalized search approach can enhance the retrieval performance on Twitter.
Disentangling the effects of drought, salinity, and sulfate on baldcypress growth in a coastal plain restored wetland

Because of their dominance in swamps of the southeastern United States, baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) trees are commonly used in wetland restoration. Though baldcypress are known to tolerate moderate flooding and salinity, their growth has been shown to decrease when they experience drought and high salinity. This study examined the effects of drought and elevated salinity on the growth of baldcypress seedlings and saplings. In a restored wetland in North Carolina, we examined the growth of 8‐year‐old baldcypress by measuring height and diameter at breast height (DBH) along salinity, nutrient, and flooding gradients. In a greenhouse, we placed 1‐year‐old baldcypress seedlings in either drought or saturated conditions and applied different water treatments: fresh water, sulfate, and artificial salt water (5 ppt [parts per thousand]). Over 26 weeks, we measured diameter at root collar, height, and biomass. In the field, chloride concentrations in soil solution had a negative effect on DBH and height (51 and 36% decrease, respectively); high water levels had a negative effect on height (47% decrease) and DBH (46% decrease). In the greenhouse, both drought and salinity decreased diameter growth (43 and 61% decline, respectively) and height (64 and 43% decline, respectively). Sulfate did not have a significant effect on diameter growth, but caused a 14% decrease in height. Our results suggest that both drought and salinity (even as low as 1 ppt) can lead to a 20–60% decline in baldcypress growth. Restoration practitioners should consider the negative consequences of both drought and increased salinity on baldcypress growth when planning for wetland restoration.
Generality and specificity in stereotypes of out-group power and benevolence: Views of Chechens and Jews in the Russian federation

We examined the ascription of five characteristics (moral, peaceful, antagonistic, smart, show initiative) to Chechens and Jews in a large, diverse, sample of participants in the Russian Federation. Factor analysis showed these five characteristics to fit within the expected two-dimensional structure of power (smart, show initiative) and benevolence (moral, peaceful, antagonistic). Consistent with historical stereotypes, Factor analysis showed power to be the more empirically important dimension regarding Jews, whereas benevolence was the more empirically important dimension regarding Chechens. Although the two-dimensional model of judgment was supported, attention to the specific characteristics that fell along these dimensions offered complementary information. For example, the ascription of high benevolence to Jews was more pronounced on the characteristics antagonistic and peaceful than on morality. In contrast, the ascription of low benevolence to Chechens was more pronounced on the characteristic peaceful than on antagonistic or moral. Together, the two general dimensions of power and benevolence, and the specific characteristics that fall along these dimensions, offer a comprehensive model of the content of out-group stereotypes.
The Adsorption of Polyacrylamide Nanocomposite Hydrogels on Sandstone

A key parameter for the application of polymer gels in water shut off treatment is the adsorption of polymer gel onto the rock surface. So, the adsorption properties of a nanocomposite hydrogel were discussed in this research by crosslinking of sulfonated polyacrylamide/sodium montmorillonite aqueous solutions with chromium triacetate. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that exfoliated type of microstructure was formed. In addition, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to prove the nanocomposite hydrogel interacted with the rock surface qualitatively and the scanning electron microscopy to determine the surface characteristics of the nanocomposite hydrogel layer adsorbed on powdered rock surface. The general behavior of the response indicated that in comparison with the pressure, the adsorption is much more sensitive to the S/L ratio change. The addition of nanoclay of Na-montmorillonite increased the adsorption of NC hydrogel on the surface of powdered sandstone. The influence of pressure and solid/liquid ratio was investigated on adsorption amount. The results showed that nanocomposite hydrogel adsorption decreased continuously by increase of solid/liquid ratio while its adsorption was almost independent of the pressure. Besides, the maximum amount of nanocomposite hydrogel adsorption was obtained in 2500 psi pressure and 0.005 ratio of solid/liquid.
Testing the "Side-Bet Theory" of Organizational Commitment: Some Methodological Considerations

According to the side-bet theory of organizational commitment, commitment (referred to here as continuance commitment) increases with the accumulation of side bets or investments. Two studies were conducted to demonstrate that both the instruments used to measure commitment (viz , Ritzer-Tnce, R-T, and HrebimakAlutto, H-A, scales) and the side-bet indexes (viz., age and tenure) used in previous tests of this theory are inappropriate for that purpose In Study 1 subjects read scenarios in which an employee was described as being high or low in continuance commitment and high or low m affective commitment (i.e., emotional attachment) and responded to several commitment instruments as they felt the employee would respond. As expected, the continuance commitment manipulation accounted for a relatively small portion of the variance in the R-T and H-A scale scores, whereas the affective commitment manipulation accounted for a substantially larger portion The continuance manipulation did, however, account for large a portion of the variance in scores on an author-developed continuance commitment scale (CCS). In Study 2, 130 employees from several administrative departments of a large university completed the same commitment instruments. As predicted, the R-T and H-A scales correlated significantly with measures of affective commitment but not with the CCS. Also as predicted, age and tenure correlated with the R-T and H-A scales and with the affective commitment measures but not with the CCS. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for future investigation of the side-bet theory.
Outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention

Dit proefschrift beschrijft de uitkomsten van percutane coronaire interventies (PCI, oftewel dotterbehandeling) bij patienten met verschillende presentaties van coronairlijden. Een PCI procedure, meestal bestaande uit ballondilatatie en/of het plaatsen van een stent, is vaak onderdeel van de standaardbehandeling bij deze patienten. In de afgelopen decennia hebben technische, procedurele en farmaceutische ontwikkelingen geresulteerd in verbeteringen in de klinische uitkomsten na PCI. In het eerste deel van dit proefschrift worden populatietrends en klinische uitkomsten na PCI beschreven in patienten met verschillende presentaties van coronairlijden. Hiervoor is gebruik gemaakt van een landelijke registratiestudie waarin alle PCI procedures in Zweden in de afgelopen 20 jaar geregistreerd zijn. De populatie PCI patienten en hun risico’s veranderden erg in de opeenvolgende jaren. De uitkomsten van de behandeling bleken sterk afhankelijk van de indicatie van de PCI procedure. De bevindingen suggereerden dat therapeutische verbeteringen zowel op de korte- als op de lange termijn na PCI nodig zijn. In het tweede deel worden verschillende parameters onderzocht die de uitkomsten na een primaire PCI procedure beinvloeden, in patienten met een ST-elevatie myocard infarct (STEMI). Er werd ondermeer gevonden dat STEMI patienten die meer dan 5 uur na het optreden van de symptomen behandeld werden een aanzienlijk slechtere prognose hebben dan patienten die eerder behandeld werden. In het derde deel van dit proefschrift worden de klinische effecten van erytropoese-stimulerende middelen beschreven, als additionele behandeling na primaire PCI in STEMI patienten. Er werd geen verbetering in klinische uitkomsten gevonden die toegeschreven kunnen worden aan deze middelen.