Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RINGLM: A Link-Level Packet Loss Monitoring Solution for Software-Defined Networks

Monitoring packet losses at links is beneficial to network management and service quality improvement. Software-defined networking can conveniently obtain flow statistics. However, the packet loss rate of a link or path cannot be directly measured by acquiring the statistics of an ongoing flow. In addition, monitoring the packet loss directly based on statistics inquiries brings considerable extra overhead to the controller. In this paper, we propose a two-way link-level packet loss monitoring solution for the software-defined networks. We propose a packet loss probe structure consisting of distributed rings. The proposed probe structure contains every monitored directed link once and only once, thereby avoiding the mutual interference between different probe flows and thereby improves probe accuracy. We further study two optimization problems of the ring-based packet loss probe structure. The two problems build probe structures, with minimal maximum ring delay, for all the network links and selected network links. The two optimization problems are very complex, and we approximately solve them in polynomial time. A packet loss positioning algorithm, based on flow statistic inquiries and the symmetry design of probe rings, is also proposed. Our proposed solution can effectively monitor link-level packet loss but brings low and controllable overhead to the controller.
REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD)

This document outlines the motivation, requirements, and architectural design for a extensible and lightweight distributed REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) protocol. RELOAD is a Peer- to-Peer (P2P) based approach for registration and resource discovery using distributed hash tables maintained with binary messages. This design removes the need for central servers from SIP, while offering full backward compatibility with SIP, allowing reuse of existing clients, and allowing P2P enabled peers to communicate with conventional SIP entities. A basic introduction to the concepts of P2P is presented, backward compatibility issues addressed, and security considerations are discussed. RELOAD is one possible implementation of the protocols being discussed for creation in the P2PSIP WG. In the context of the work being proposed, this draft represents a concrete proposal for the P2PSIP Peer Protocol. RELOAD uses binary messages, derived as much as possible from the STUN protocol, as the underlying protocol. Note that in order to be as similar to STUN as possible, some text has been re- used verbatim from I-Ds and RFCs describing STUN. In this architecture, no P2PSIP Client Protocol is needed, rather unmodified SIP is used for access by non-peers. This protocol considers NAT traversal and fragmentation, supports storage of information other than registrations, allows for multiple DHT and hash algorithms, and provides hooks for multiple security schemes. The protocol described here derives from a fully implemented and commercially available system with running code.
Moving Vehicle Shadow Detection Approach Based on Region Growing and Gradient Statistics

To prevent the moving shadow from being misunderstood as a part of moving objects in video target segmentation,a novel approach is proposed for the shadow detection,in which the model and the characteristics of the shadow are merged.Using the clustering algorithm to extract the background,then the foreground with the shadow can be obtained.Calculating the gradient difference of the foreground and background and carrying out the projection of the gradient,the initial detection of the shadow region can be obtained according to the sequence and the difference sequence after the projection.Based on the preliminary detection results,the region of the shadow can be searched by using the region growing algorithm.Experimental results show that the algorithm has a good performance,and requires fewer time.It can be used in the real-time detection of the vehicle shadow.
A CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED ON SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR WEB DOCUMENT

Swarm intelligence due to its flexibility, robustness and self-organization has been applied in a variety of areas. A clustering algorithm based on swarm intelligence (CSI) for web documents is proposed. Firstly, web documents, which are denoted by vector space model with reduced document feature set, are randomly projected on a plane. Then, clustering analysis is conducted by a clustering method derived from a basic model interpreting ant colony organization of cemeteries. The artificial ants perform random walks on the plane and pick up or drop projected data items with the probability which is converted from swarm similarity within a local region by probability conversion function. Clusters are visually formed on the plane by ant colony collective actions in the absence of central controls. Finally, the clustering results are collected from the plane by a recursive algorithm. Each clustering center is labeled by the most weighted feature. A hybrid clustering algorithm CSIM is also proposed by combining the CSI with the k -means algorithm. CSIM inherits the prominent properties of both swarm intelligence and k -means. It also offsets the weakness of those two techniques. The experiment results and the comparison with other document clustering methods show that this web document clustering algorithm based on swarm intelligence has good clustering performance. The web documents focusing on a subject are rather completely and exactly clustering together.
DEVELOPMENT OF VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING METHOD BY RP-HPLC FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF MEROPENEM AND VABORBACTAM IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION

Objective: To develop a simple, rapid, precise and reproducible liquid chromatographic method for the estimation meropenem (MEP) and vaborbactam (VAB) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation and study of the stability of the drugs in different stressed conditions. Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kromasil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm) using a mobile phase composition of acetonitrile and 10 mmol phosphate buffer (pH 3.50) in a ratio 30:70 v/v, pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with UV detection set at 260 nm. Results: Symmetrical and sharp peaks of MEP and VAB were obtained at retention times of 2.29 and 3.10 min, respectively. The chromatographic method was validated for linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, precision, accuracy, system suitability and robustness. Calibration curves were obtained in the concentration ranges of 25–150 μg/ml for MEP and VAB. Stability tests done through the exposure of the analytes solution for different stress conditions and the obtained results indicate no interference of degradants with HPLC method. Conclusion: The proposed method has been found to be selective, precise, linear, accurate, and sensitive. The method can be successfully applied to the assay determination of bulk drugs and combined dosage forms for routine analysis.
A Survey of Motion Capture Data Earning as High Dimensional Time Series

Constructing effective and generalizable synthesized motions is crucial for creating naturalistic, versatile, and effective virtual characters and robots. High dimensional time series are endemic in applications of machine learning such as robotics (sensor data), computational biology (gene expression data), vision (video sequences) and graphics (motion capture data). Practical nonlinear probabilistic approaches to this data are required. I would like to go through several existing models such as Gaussian Process Dynamic Systems and Deep Belief Networks. I would analyze their strengths and limitations. I would also try to incorporate physical constraints to improve the motion quality. And on the other hand, try to improve the structure of the models or the learning algorithms.
Cadmium, chromium and lead in environmental samples : speciation and determination

CADMIUM, CHROMIUM AND LEAD IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES: SPECIATION AND DETERMINATION by Hsing-Hui Yu Heavy metals are important contaminants in many environmental media. This work focuses on the improvement of current methods for water and sediment analysis for three metals, cadmium, chromium and lead. Batch ion exchange was used for water speciation and a microwave assisted sequential extraction scheme was developed for sediment characterization. The developed methods were applied to a group of environmental samples. The exchangeable species of these metals in water were preconcentrated on ion exchange resins. These include the bioavailable free ions and weakly complexed ions. Metals sorbed on particles and strongly complexed ions, less bioavailable, were eliminated. The method was more convenient as samples can be stored and are more easily transported. Slurry analysis was also found to be useful if needed. The microwave sequential extraction method developed was much more rapid than currently used methods. It gave comparable results to the modified Tessier method for cadmium, and the lead and chromium results also gave useful information on the most bioavailable species. Samples of water, sediment and biota from the Shark River showed some correlation between pollutant levels in water and sediment, although the study was not sufficiently extensive to yield many firm conclusions. CADIMUM, CHROMIUM AND LEAD IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES: SPECIATION AND DETERMINATION
A Review of Pneumatic Actuators Used for the Design of Medical Simulators and Medical Tools

Simulators have been traditionally used for centuries during medical gestures training. Nowadays, mechatronic technologies have opened the way to more evolved solutions enabling objective assessment and dedicated pedagogic scenarios. Trainees can now practice in virtual environments representing various kind of patient and body parts including physio-pathologies issues. Gestures, to be mastered, vary according to each medical specialty (e.g., ultrasound probe orientations, or forceps installation during assisted delivery). Hence, medical students need kinesthetic feedback in order to significantly improve their learning capabilities. Gesture simulators require haptic devices with variable stiffness actuators. Existing solutions do not always fit the requirements because of their significant size. Contrary to electric actuators, pneumatic technology is low-cost, available off-the-shelf and offers a better mass–power ratio. However, it presents two main drawbacks: nonlinear dynamics and need for a compressed air supply. During the last decade, we have developed several haptic solutions based on pneumatic actuation (e.g., birth simulator, epidural needle insertion simulator) and, recently, in a joint venture with Prisme laboratory, a pneumatic probe master device for remote ultrasonography. This paper recalls literature scientific approaches on pneumatic actuation developed in the medical context and illustrated with the aforementioned applications to highlight the benefits.
A Motor Function Evaluation System for Finger Tapping Movements Using Magnetic Sensors

This paper proposes a novel measurement and evaluation system of finger tapping movements for diagnosis support and assessment of motor function. In this system, finger movements are measured using magnetic sensors, and the eleven indices such as finger tapping interval and maximum amplitude of finger taps are computed for evaluating the motor function associated with the measured finger taps. The radar charts of the evaluation indices and phase plane trajectories of measured finger movements are then displayed on a monitor in real-time. Therefore, the user can intuitively understand the feature of finger tapping movements. The effectiveness of the proposed evaluation indices was demonstrated by comparing the finger movements of Parkinson's disease patients and those of normal subjects. From the results, we found that all the indices except the average of finger tapping interval differ significantly between 16 patients with Parkinson's disease and 32 normal elderly subjects (p < 0.05). Consequently, it is confirmed that the proposed system can quantitatively evaluate the motor function of finger tapping movements. 磁気センサを利用した指タップ運動機能評価システム 島 圭 介0 閑 絵里子1 辻 敏 夫0 神 鳥 明 彦1 横 江 勝2 佐古田三郎0
Controlling the Self-Assembly of Synthetic Metal-Coordinating Coiled-Coil Peptides: Orthorhombic Lattice from a Trimeric Coiled Coil

A distinct gap between the fields of peptide-based supramolecular assemblies and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exists. Despite recent efforts to explore this area of materials, many metal-directed peptide-based assemblies remain unpredictable, necessitating deeper study to establish robust design principles with which functional materials may be built. The profound unpredictability is not surprising, since peptide-based building blocks are more complex than others which have achieved success in organic and inorganic materials chemistry. The present study attempts to expand and solidify basic design rules for self-assembling metal-directed peptide-based architectures by first exerting control over the assembly of a serendipitously discovered supramolecular lattice. Recent published work has shown coiled-coil peptides containing one or more unnatural solvent-exposed terpyridine (Tpy) side chains can self-assemble to form supramolecular networks in the presence of copper (II) ion. Unexpected was the involvement of glutamic acid (Glu) side chains in the coordination motif (Tpy-Cu2+-Glu). Here, we seek to exert better control over these materials through systematic placement of both Tpy and Glu residues. Results are presented for six designed sequences, including one that manifests a hexagonal net rare in the materials literature. Collectively, these results demonstrate the power of harnessing peptide folding and metal coordination as driving forces for the formation of predictable supramolecular architectures.
Competent Civic Auditing Mechanism with Preserving Identity Seclusion and Supporting Traceability

With cloud computing and storage services, data is not only stored in the cloud, but routinely shared among a large number of users in a group. It remains elusive, however, to design an efficient mechanism to audit the integrity of such shared data, while still preserving identity privacy. In this paper, we propose Knox, a privacy-preserving auditing mechanism for data stored in the cloud and shared among a large number of users in a group. In particular, we utilize group signatures to construct homomorphic authenticators, so that a third party auditor (TPA) is able to verify the integrity of shared data for users without retrieving the entire data. Meanwhile, the identity of the signer on each block in shared data is kept private from the TPA. With Knox, the amount of information used for verification, as well as the time it takes to audit with it, are not affected by the number of users in the group. In addition, Knox exploits homomorphic MACs to reduce the space used to store such verification information. Our experimental results show that Knox is able to efficiently audit the correctness of data, shared among a large number of users. Keywords- Auditing; Privacy-Preserving; Shared Data; Cloud Computing
Effect of Tetrahydrofuran Extraction on Surface Functional Groups of Coking Coal and Its Wettability

Coking coal was extracted with tetrahydrofuran solvent using ultrasonic and microwave-assisted method at 50°C and atmospheric pressure. Wettability of raw coal and its residue (residual coal) was tested with capillary penetration method. The raw and residual coals were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with curve-fitting analysis. The variation of main surface functional groups of coking coal before and after extraction and its effect on wettability were analyzed. The results were obtained as the following: after extraction with tetrahydrofuran, hydroxyl, ether oxygen, and carbonyl in the coal structure were dissolved, the content of hydrophilic functional groups reduced, and then the hydrophobicity of coal enhanced. At the same time, part of aliphatic hydrocarbon dissolved, the length of aliphatic chains (I2) decreased from 3.961 of raw coal to 3.636 of residual coal, the length of aliphatic chains became shorter, aliphatic CH2 side-chains decreased and aliphatic CH3 side-chains increased, and hydrophobic functional groups content increased. In the aromatic structure, four hydrogens per ring increased and two, three, and five hydrogens per ring decreased. Reduction of substitution functional groups and aliphatic hydrocarbon decreased with the side-chains breakage produce more active sites, which increases the degree of condensation of the aromatic ring (I3). The combined action of the decrease of the hydrophilic functional groups and the increase of the hydrophobic functional groups made the wettability of the coking coal become weak.
UTILITIES OF CYANOTHIOFORMAMIDES AND IMIDAZOLIDINEIMINO-THIONES IN THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW TYPES OF OXADIAZOLE, TRIAZOLTHIONE, BENZOTHIAZOLOQUINAZOLINONE, PYRROLO[2,3-B] PYRROLE AND IMIDAZOTRIAZINE DERIVATIVES OF BIOLOGICAL INTEREST.

Cyanothioformamides were reacted with benzoyl hydrazine, acetyl hydrazine and anthranilic acid to afford oxadiazole (4), triazolthione (5) and benzothiazoloquinazolinone derivatives (6) respectively. They also reacted with thiocarbohydrazide, semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide and active methylene compounds to produce 3-hydrazino-1,2-,4-triazol-5-thione (8), thiocarbamoylsemicarbazide (9), triazolidinedithione (10). Treatment of imidazolidine iminothiones with different nucleophilic reagents gave imidazotriazines besides other imidazolidine derivatives. Some of the newly synthestized derivatives were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity and showed prononced antimicrobial activity.
Control of discrete event systems modeled as hierarchical state machines

The authors examine a class of discrete event systems (DESs) modeled as asynchronous hierarchical state machines (AHSMs). For this class of DESs, they provide an efficient method for testing reachability, which is an essential step in many control synthesis procedures. This method utilizes the asynchronous nature and hierarchical structure of AHSMs, thereby illustrating the advantage of the AHSM representation as compared with its equivalent (flat) state machine representation. An application of the method is presented where an online minimally restrictive solution is proposed for the problem of maintaining a controlled AHSM within prescribed legal bounds. <<ETX>>
What is happening in the city? A case study for user-centred geovisualisation design

ABSTRACT For citizens, being aware of what is happening in their urban surroundings becomes challenging as more information from diverse sources becomes available. In this paper, we describe our user-centered approach of designing an interactive tool making use of urban data visualisations to facilitate people’s decisions about social and cultural events. After gathering the needs of urban actors through formative user studies, we identified beneficial data types and collected a variety of data sets from publicly accessible online sources. For the aim of enabling casual exploration of events in the city, we designed a set of geovisualisation prototypes and designed a variety of evaluative user studies based on established geovisualisation techniques. The main aim here is to enable casual exploration of events in the city more than the intended search for specific events. We developed two prototypes that make use of two different geovisualisations to represent events: Prototype A uses common location markers, and prototype B uses a novel glyph design to visualize more types of data at a glance. We share the lessons learned from the results of our study, which will inform the design of geographical data visualisations for citizens.
Contribution of the Microbiome as a Tool for Estimating Wine’s Fermentation Output and Authentication

Wine is the alcoholic beverage which is the product of alcoholic fermentation, usually, of fresh grape must. Grape microbiome is the source of a vastly diverse pool of filamentous fungi, yeast, and bacteria, the combination of which plays a crucial role for the quality of the final product of any grape must fermentation. In recent times, the significance of this pool of microorganisms has been acknowledged by several studies analyzing the microbial ecology of grape berries of different geographical origins, cultural practices, grape varieties, and climatic conditions. Furthermore, the microbial evolution of must during fermentation process has been overstudied. The combination of the microbial evolution along with metabolic and sensorial characterizations of the produced wines could lead to the suggestion of the microbial terroir. These aspects are today leading to open a new horizon for products such as wines, especially in the case of PDO-PGI products. The aims of this review is to describe (a) how the microbiome communities are dynamically differentiated during the process of fermentation from grape to ready-to-drink wine, in order to finalize each wine’s unique sensorial characteristics, and (b) whether the microbiome could be used as a fingerprinting tool for geographical indication, based on high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies. Nowadays, it has been strongly indicated that microbiome analysis of grapes and fermenting musts using next-generation sequencing (NGS) could open a new horizon for wine, in the case of protected designation of origin (PDO) and protected geographical indication (PGI) determination.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH DELIMA (Punica granatum L.) DENGAN METODE UJI WARNA

Telah dilakukan penelitian skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) yang diperoleh dari Desa Ongkoe Kabupaten Wajo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder meliputi flavanoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, steroid, saponin dan tanin pada ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.). Penelitian diawali dengan pengolahan buah delima (Punica granatum L.) menjadi simplisia serbuk dengan melalui tahap sortasi basah, pencucian, pengeringan dan sortasi kering. Selanjutnya penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dengan perbandingan 1:3 selama 5 hari dengan metode ekstraksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstraksi simplisia serbuk buah delima (Punica granatum L.) dengan menggunakan metode maserasi (perendaman) dengan pelarut etanol 70% sedangkan identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dilakukan skrining fitokimia dengan uji warna menggunakan berbagai pereaksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) positif mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan tanin sedangkan pada uji steroid diperoleh hasil yang negatif. Kesimpulannya yaitu ekstrak etanol buah delima (Punica granatum L.) mengandung flavanoid,alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan tanin.