Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in self-harm attempts after the COVID-19 pandemic based on pre-hospital medical records

Although many concerns have been raised on increased self-harm or suicide attempts since the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the numbers of studies reported no consistent increase. This study aimed to analyze the data on the request for emergency medical service (EMS) in Daegu Metropolitan City in Korea to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and types of suicidal patients. Data of 4480 cases requesting EMS related to self-harm or suicide 1 year before and after the COVID-19 pandemic were retrospectively comparatively analyzed (February 19, 2019–February 18, 2021). The number of EMS requests for self-harm and suicide increased after the pandemic compared to that before the pandemic (daily mean request 5.83 [±2.597] vs 6.43 [±2.918]). In particular, the number of female patients increased per day on average (2.61 [±1.717] vs 3.17 [±1.893]). With respect to the reasons for the request, committed self-harm and attempts to commit self-harm increased, whereas the presumption against suicide decreased. With respect to consciousness levels, the number of alert patients increased, whereas the number of transport cases decreased. For the method of the attempt, hanging and carbon monoxide/gas poisoning decreased, whereas jumping from a height and drowning increased. The number of patients with psychiatric history and those with other chronic illnesses increased. In multivariate regression analysis, women (OR 1.227, 95% CI = 1.072–1.405, P = .003), patients with psychiatric diseases (OR 1.223, 95% CI = 1.031–1.450, P = .021), patients with other chronic illnesses (OR 1.510, 95% CI = 1.127–2.023, P = .006), and CO or gas poisoning (not attempted) (OR 1.349, 95% CI = 1.038–1.753, P = .025) showed statistically significant differences. Among the request for EMS, requests for committed self-harm and attempts to commit suicide increased. Medical support and measures for mental health and emergency medical systems should be established for female patients and patients with psychiatric or other chronic diseases.
The moderating role of socioeconomic status on the relationship between teacher social support and sense of belonging to school.

BACKGROUND Teacher social support (TSS) has been identified as one of the most important factors of success and well-being for students. Yet, there is a gap in the literature regarding the impact of students' socioeconomic status (SES) on their perceptions of TSS, and whether SES may impact the strength of the relationship between teacher social support and students' sense of belonging to school (SBS). AIMS In this preregistered study, we aimed at filling this gap by testing the moderating role of SES on the TSS-SBS link, along with the direct associations between these variables. SAMPLE We used data from the French sample of the Programme for International Student Assessment 2018 (PISA; N = 6308). METHODS TSS was primarily assessed as a latent construct based on three indicators provided by PISA: teacher support, teacher emotional support and teacher feedback. Regarding SES, we primarily focused on family wealth possessions and parents' highest level of education. RESULTS Using structural equation modelling, findings confirmed that the TSS-SBS link was stronger for high-SES than low-SES students. We also found a negative association between teacher support and SES. Importantly, preregistered additional analyses highlight that findings depend on the SES and TSS indicators considered. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the importance of SES effect on students' perceptions of their interactions with teachers and the extent to which they perceive they belong to the school. The implications and limitations of this research are discussed.
New methods for robust continuous wave T1ρ relaxation preparation

Measurement of the longitudinal relaxation time in the rotating frame of reference (T1ρ) is sensitive to the fidelity of the main imaging magnetic field (B0) and that of the RF pulse (B1). The purpose of this study was to introduce methods for producing continuous wave (CW) T1ρ contrast with improved robustness against field inhomogeneities and to compare the sensitivities of several existing and the novel T1ρ contrast generation methods with the B0 and B1 field inhomogeneities. Four hard‐pulse and four adiabatic CW‐T1ρ magnetization preparations were investigated. Bloch simulations and experimental measurements at different spin‐lock amplitudes under ideal and non‐ideal conditions, as well as theoretical analysis of the hard‐pulse preparations, were conducted to assess the sensitivity of the methods to field inhomogeneities, at low (ω1 << ΔB0) and high (ω1 >> ΔB0) spin‐locking field strengths. In simulations, previously reported single‐refocus and new triple‐refocus hard‐pulse and double‐refocus adiabatic preparation schemes were found to be the most robust. The mean normalized absolute deviation between the experimentally measured relaxation times under ideal and non‐ideal conditions was found to be smallest for the refocused preparation schemes and broadly in agreement with the sensitivities observed in simulations. Experimentally, all refocused preparations performed better than those that were non‐refocused. The findings promote the use of the previously reported hard‐pulse single‐refocus ΔB0 and B1 insensitive T1ρ as a robust method with minimal RF energy deposition. The double‐refocus adiabatic B1 insensitive rotation‐4 CW‐T1ρ preparation offers further improved insensitivity to field variations, but because of the extra RF deposition, may be preferred for ex vivo applications.
Feasibility of Using Q-Sort to Map Conditional Participation in Physical Activity in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

BACKGROUND Participation in physical activity among adolescents with autism is often conditional. However, there is a lack of methods for identifying these specific conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop and investigate the feasibility of a Q-sort tool to map individual-specific conditions for participation in physical activity among adolescents with autism and to identify different viewpoints regarding conditions for such participation. METHOD An exploratory mixed-methods design was employed to investigate the feasibility of using Q methodology and the Q-sort procedure to identify what individual-specific conditions are important for participation in physical activity for adolescents with autism. RESULTS The adolescents ranked the statements with varying levels of ease. Two viewpoints were identified: Autonomous participation without surprises and Enjoyment of activity in a safe social context. CONCLUSION Q-sort is a feasible method for mapping conditions for participation, which can guide the development of tailored physical activity interventions.
Reliability and Validity of the Self-Report Version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Despite its frequent use in research studies, the self-report version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS-SR) is yet to be formally validated. The present investigation sought to examine the psychometric properties of the BDD-YBOCS-SR across three different samples. In Study 1 (N = 847), we sought to explore the factor structure of the BDD-YBOCS-SR. In addition, we evaluated the convergent and divergent validity with similar self-report measures. In Study 2 (N = 187), the convergence of the BDD-YBOCS-SR with reactivity to an in vivo appearance-related task was observed. In Study 3, we compared scores on the BDD-YBOCS-SR between a clinical sample of individuals with BDD (n = 50) and a “healthy” control sample (n = 51). We further observed the BDD-YBOCS-SR’s sensitivity to treatment and convergence with the rater-administered version in the clinical sample. The BDD-YBOCS-SR demonstrated strong psychometric properties across all three studies. Scores on the BDD-YBOCS-SR were found to be strongly associated with appearance anxiety, reactivity to the appearance task, and the rater-administered BDD-YBOCS. The present investigation provides support for the BDD-YBOCS-SR’s utility in measuring body dysmorphic symptom severity for use in research and clinical settings.
Hα Imaging of the Candidate Protogalaxy MS 1512–cB58

We have obtained an image of the candidate protogalaxy MS 1512-cB58 through a narrow passband filter centered on Hα redshifted to z = 2.72. MS 1512-cB58 shows excess emission that is spatially extended, has a rest equivalent width of 56.7 Å, and luminosity of 3 × 1043 h−275 ergs s-1 (q0 = 0.1). Assuming that the excess emission arises from nebular Hα associated with H II regions, the observed luminosity implies a star formation rate of 285 M☉ yr-1 (neglecting any possible magnification by gravitational lensing). By comparison, the luminosity of the stellar continuum at 1500 Å, along with models for the spectral energy distribution, indicate a star formation rate about a factor of 12 greater. We discuss plausible explanations for this discrepancy and possible future observations that may clarify the situation.
A new large‐sized species of Chelonoidis (Testudinidae) without gibbosities from the middle Miocene of Aguada Escondida (NW Chubut, Patagonia, Argentina)

Previously, only one small‐sized species of Testudinidae (Chelonoidis gringorum) was named from Lower‐Middle Miocene of Central Patagonia. In this short article, we describe a new large Testudinidae, here named Chelonoidis meridiana sp. nov. This large new species (carapace up to 80 cm) differs from other large species of the southern South American fossil record by the absence of gibbosities on neural and costal carapacial bones, a short and wide entoplastron with a humeropectoral sulcus that was placed well behind its posterior end, and pectoral scutes that are medially longer, approximately one‐third of the medial length of the hyoplastra. The discovery of this new species in the Middle Miocene increases the raw turtle diversity in Chubut, permitting to reduce the gap between the raw and phylogenetic diversity previously proposed. This occurrence is also important from both a temporal and geographic point of view. It permits fixing the presence of large‐sized tortoises in the continent since ~15 million years ago (Middle Miocene). This occurrence predates all other large and giant tortoises from Argentina and South America and it is older than the giant Chelonoidis from the Langhian–Tortonian of Colombia. This is also the southernmost occurrence of a large‐sized testudinid in the world.
A review on fabrication of 3D printed biomaterials using optical methodologies for tissue engineering applications

Human body comprises of different internal and external biological components. Human organs tend to fail due to continuous or sudden stress which leads to deterioration, failure, and dislocation. The choice of selection and fabrication of materials for tissue engineering play a key role in terms of suitability, sensitivity, and functioning with other organs as a replacement for failed organs. The progressive improvement of the additive manufacturing (AM) approach in healthcare made it possible to print multi-material and customized complex/intricate geometries in a layer-by-layer fashion. The customized or patient-specific implant fabrication can be easily produced with a high success rate due to the development of AM technologies with tailorable properties. The structural behavior of 3D printed biomaterials is a crucial factor in tissue engineering as they affect the functionality of the implants. Various techniques have been developed in appraising the important features and the effects of the subsequent design of the biomaterial implants. The behavior of the AM built biomaterial implants can be understood visually by an imaging system with a high spatial and spectral resolution. This review intends to present an overview of various biomaterials used in implants, followed by a detailed description of optical 3D printing procedures and evaluation of the performance of 3D printed biomaterials using optical characterization.
The cumulative impacts of anthropogenic stressors vary markedly along environmental gradients

Understanding the cumulative effects of multiple stressors on biodiversity is key to managing their impacts. Stressor interactions are often studied using an additive/antagonistic/synergistic typology, aimed at identifying situations where individual stressor effects are reduced or amplified when they act in combination. Here, we analysed variation in the family richness of stream macroinvertebrates in the groups Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) at 4658 sites spanning a 32° latitudinal range in eastern Australia in relation to two largely human‐induced stressors, salinity and turbidity, and two environmental gradients, temperature and slope. The cumulative and interactive effect of salinity and turbidity on EPT family richness varied across the landscape and by habitat (edge or riffle) such that we observed additive, antagonistic and synergistic outcomes depending on the environmental context. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding the consistency of multiple stressor impacts, which will involve higher‐order interactions between multiple stressors and environmental factors.
High Triglyceride–Glucose Index is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Long-Term Follow-Up

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is calculated from fasting triglycerides and fasting glucose levels and is an indicator of insulin resistance. The present study investigates whether the TyG index has a role in predicting clinical outcomes in cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This retrospective study included 646 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 1048 patients with non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The association between major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) that developed in-hospital and at 60 months of follow-up and TyG index values were compared. Patients were divided into 2 groups: TyG index values of ≥8.65 and <8.65. During the hospital stay and 60 months of follow-up, 303 MACEs occurred. In both the STEMI and NSTEMI groups, as the TyG index increased, an increase was observed in MACE rates. MACE rates were also found to be highest in the group with TyG index ≥8.65 (P < .001). TyG index, C-reactive protein, and age were independent predictors of MACEs in both the NSTEMI and STEMI groups. The present study found a significant association between higher TyG index values and increased risk of MACEs in ACS patients. The TyG index may prove useful to predict clinical outcomes in ACS patients.
The Local Tumor Microbiome Is Associated with Survival in Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Patients

Microbiome studies in colorectal cancer (CRC) have primarily focused on the role of single organisms in cancer progression. Recent work has identified specific organisms throughout the intestinal tract, which may affect survival; however, the results are inconsistent. ABSTRACT The gut microbiome is associated with survival in colorectal cancer. Single organisms have been identified as markers of poor prognosis. However, in situ imaging of tumors demonstrate a polymicrobial tumor-associated community. To understand the role of these polymicrobial communities in survival, we conducted a nested case-control study in late-stage cancer patients undergoing resection for primary adenocarcinoma. The microbiome of paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples was profiled using 16S rRNA sequencing. We found a consistent difference in the microbiome between paired tumor and adjacent tissue, despite strong individual microbial identities. Furthermore, a larger difference between normal and tumor tissue was associated with prognosis: patients with shorter survival had a larger difference between normal and tumor tissue. Within the tumor tissue, we identified a 39-member community statistic associated with survival; for every log2-fold increase in this value, an individual’s odds of survival increased by 20% (odds ratio survival 1.20; 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 1.33). Our results suggest that a polymicrobial tumor-specific microbiome is associated with survival in late-stage colorectal cancer patients. IMPORTANCE Microbiome studies in colorectal cancer (CRC) have primarily focused on the role of single organisms in cancer progression. Recent work has identified specific organisms throughout the intestinal tract, which may affect survival; however, the results are inconsistent. We found differences between the tumor microbiome and the microbiome of the rest of the intestine in patients, and the magnitude of this difference was associated with survival, or, the more like a healthy gut a tumor looked, the better a patient’s prognosis. Our results suggest that future microbiome-based interventions to affect survival in CRC will need to target the tumor community.
Depression, anxiety, and sleep quality in childhood onset systemic lupus erythematosus and relationship with brain-derived neurotrophic factor

Background The association between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is controversial, and no study investigated the clinical associations of BDNF in patients with childhood onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). In this study, we aimed to investigate the serum levels of BDNF in patients with cSLE and examine whether a relationship of BDNF exists among depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. Methods Thirty patients and age-sex matched healthy controls were included. Depression, anxiety, sleep quality and quality of life were assessed by relevant questionnaires. Disease activity was assessed according to the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) and serum BDNF level was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results Serum BDNF level was significantly lower in cSLE patients than healthy controls (21981 vs 29905 pg/mL, p = 0.001) and significantly decreased level was observed in active cSLE (SLEDAI >0), then those with SLEDAI = 0 (17110 vs 26852 pg/mL, p = 0.005). Although the scores of the depression, anxiety, sleep quality and quality of life questionnaires were strongly correlated with each other, no correlation was observed with serum BDNF levels. Conclusions In patients with cSLE, serum level of BDNF was significantly decreased compared to healthy controls. Our results suggest that serum BDNF levels were not associated with the presence of anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality and might be dictated by the pathophysiological process of SLE rather than mood disorders.
Kinematic alterations of the ankle in subjects with generalized joint hypermobility compared with the controls: A cross-sectional study

Introduction Generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) is a hereditary connective tissue disease in which the range of motion (ROM) of multiple joints exceeds the normal range, and the ROM varies with age, gender, and ethnicity. At present, the six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) of ankle kinematics among people with GJH have not been studied. To investigate the kinematic characteristics in the ankle during treadmill gait of university students with generalized joint hypermobility compared to normal participants. We hypothesized that compared to the participants in the control group, those with GJH would exhibit kinematic characteristics of poorer active motion stability in the ankle during treadmill gait. Methods Healthy university student volunteers aged 18–24 (excluding those with a history of ankle trauma, etc.) were recruited and divided into a control group (50 volunteers) and a GJH group (Beighton score ≥4, 50 volunteers). Data of the 6-DOF kinematics of ankle was collected using a 3D gait analysis system. Variables were evaluated using independent t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results In the proximal/distal parameter, proximal displacement was significantly increased in the GJH group compared with the control group during 4–9% and 96–97% of the gait phase (loading response and terminal swing phase), with an increase of (0.1–0.2 cm, p < .05). Regarding the proximal/distal, internal/external, plantarflexion/dorsiflexion, and anterior/posterior parameters, the participants with GJH exhibited greater ROM than those in the control group throughout the gait cycle (0.24 ± 0.22 cm vs. 0.19 ± 0.15 cm, p = 0.047, 5.56 ± 2.90° vs. 4.48 ± 3.30°, p = .020, 23.05 ± 5.75° vs. 20.36 ± 4.91°, p < .001, 0.65 ± 0.30 cm vs. 0.55 ± 0.27 cm, p = .018). However, ROM of inversion/eversion translation was found to be decreased in the GJH group compared to the control group (8.92 ± 1.59° vs. 9.47 ± 1.37°, p = .009). In addition, there was no statistical difference between the GJH group and the control group in ROM of medial/lateral translation (0.05 ± 0.06 cm vs. 0.04 ± 0.05 cm, p = .131). Conclusion Our results confirm that our hypothesis is not valid. Although there were a few differences in each gait parameter of the ankle between the GJH group and the control group, the difference was not significant. These results indicate that the presence of GJH has less effect on ankle kinematics and enhance our knowledge of the relationship between GJH and 6-DOF of ankle kinematics.
Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Contributes to Human Motor Learning

Abstract This study assesses the involvement in human motor learning, of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (BA 9/46v), a somatic region in the middle frontal gyrus. The potential involvement of this cortical area in motor learning is suggested by studies in nonhuman primates which have found anatomic connections between this area and sensorimotor regions in frontal and parietal cortex, and also with basal ganglia output zones. It is likewise suggested by electrophysiological studies which have shown that activity in this region is implicated in somatic sensory memory and is also influenced by reward. We directly tested the hypothesis that area 9/46v is involved in reinforcement-based motor learning in humans. Participants performed reaching movements to a hidden target and received positive feedback when successful. Before the learning task, we applied continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) to disrupt activity in 9/46v in the left or right hemisphere. A control group received sham cTBS. The data showed that cTBS to left 9/46v almost entirely eliminated motor learning, whereas learning was not different from sham stimulation when cTBS was applied to the same zone in the right hemisphere. Additional analyses showed that the basic reward-history-dependent pattern of movements was preserved but more variable following left hemisphere stimulation, which suggests an overall deficit in somatic memory for target location or target directed movement rather than reward processing per se. The results indicate that area 9/46v is part of the human motor learning circuit.