Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Harn Batch Digital Signature Algorithm for Multicast Authentication

Abstract Providing a secure multicast authentication algorithm with minimal computation time is a challenging issue. In order to avoid computationally expensive signature and verification operations on each packet of multicast data, most of the existing schemes divide a multicast stream into blocks, associate each block with a signature, and spread the effect of the signature across all the packets in the block through hash chains or codes. In this paper, we propose a new batch signature and verification algorithm called VDSA (Vijay batch Digital Signature Algorithm) which is based on the idea of the existing HDSA (Harn batch Digital Signature Algorithm). VDSA mainly reduces the computation time of both signature generation and verification operation. We have implemented our proposed multicast authentication algorithm using the existing Merkle tree approach. Comparative analysis to illustrate the performance of various multicast authentication schemes is shown and it has been observed that the proposed algorithm reduces the computation complexity considerably thereby reducing the latency time.
Fifty Years of Advances in Neuroendocrinology

Importance of the neuroendocrine brain for health and happiness has become clear since the 1960s. Foundations laid 100 years ago culminated in Geoffrey W Harris’s model of control by the brain of secretion of anterior and posterior pituitary gland hormones through, respectively, releasing factors secreted into the hypothalamic-hypophysial portal system, and directly from axon terminals into the systemic circulation. Confirmation, expansion and deepening of knowledge and understanding have followed increasingly sophisticated technology. This allowed chemical characterisation of the posterior pituitary hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin, the releasing factors, their receptors and genes, location of the neurosecretory neurons in the hypothalamus, and how their activity is controlled, including by neural and hormonal feedback, and how hormone rhythms are generated. Wider roles of these neurons and their peptides in the brain are now recognised: in reproductive and social behaviours, emotions and appetite. Plasticity and epigenetic programming of neuroendocrine systems have emerged as important features.
Harnessing The Power of Fast, Low Latency, Networks for Software DSMs

Asynchronous communication using fast, low latency networks present the challenge of delivering the performance such networks exhibit, from the network layer up to user level applications. Such applications which need to retrieve messages from the network, using polling based communication packages, often face the problems of responsiveness, cpu utilization and redundant polling. Because of the inherent asynchronous communication nature of software dsms, these overheads become apparent when the dsm is implemented on top of such communication packages. This paper presents two critical issues in the design and implementation of software dsm in the presence of fast, low latency networks. First, it describes the implementation of a novel technique, calledMultiView, which provides smallsize pages. MultiView is used for tailoring the basic sharing units that are used by the dsm to the native application data. This results in false sharing avoidance, smaller message sizes and helps to prevent excessive bu er copying. Second, it proposes a solution for customizing network drivers to e ciently support asynchronous communication, which is best experienced in dsms. Performance evaluation shows that our methods improve the responsiveness, cpu utilization and the overall dsm performance.
A New Method for Compression of SAR Imagery Based on Multiscale Autoregressive Moving Average(MARMA) Model

In this paper,a new method based on multiscale autoregressive moving average(MARMA) models is presented to compress SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)image.The method uses the multiscale representation as the cornerstone of the modeling process,and constructs the MARMA models of image.Thus we predict the initialized image data using these multiscale models,and the compression is subsequently achieved through coding the residual image.Unlike published methods,supervising segmentation for SAR image is not used in our compression processes.So the prior knowledge of segmentation is not required.Experimental results have proven that the proposed method achieves high compression radios with impressive image quality.
The contribution of life events to depression, adjusted for anxiety and somatic symptoms, in mothers during the perinatal period: a prospective cohort study

There is evidence that life events experienced during the perinatal period, such as relationship breakdown, increase the risk of depression. In addition, clinical comorbidity with anxiety and somatic symptoms is common during the perinatal period and is associated with more negative outcomes for the mother and child. However, few studies have investigated the association between life events and depression symptoms whilst controlling for comorbidity with anxiety and somatic symptoms. This study aimed to explore the associations between the number and type of life events and depression symptoms across the perinatal period, whilst controlling for age, deprivation levels, comorbid anxiety and somatic symptoms. Cross-sectional associations were explored at three time-points during the perinatal period (26 weeks pregnancy, 8 weeks postnatal and 1 year postnatal) and prospective associations were explored between life events during pregnancy and postnatal depression symptoms. Data from 917 women who took part in the Born and Bred in Yorkshire population cohort study between 2011-2015 were analysed. Depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms were assessed by the PHQ-8, GAD-7 and PHQ-15 respectively. Life events were assessed using the LTEQ which is a 12-item checklist measure. Results showed that specific types of life events were stronger predictors of perinatal depression symptoms than the number of life events alone. In particular, life events such as relationship breakdown and serious financial problems in the preceding six months were associated with concurrent perinatal depression symptoms in the cross-sectional analyses. The prospective analyses showed that serious problems in a woman’s social network (close friends and relatives) that occurred during pregnancy and soon after childbirth increased the likelihood of experiencing postnatal depression by approximately three times (OR 2.8-3.7). Moreover, problems in a woman’s social network during pregnancy were also shown to increase the risk of postnatal depression independently to depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms during pregnancy. Significant interpersonal and financial life events increase the risk of depression in women during the perinatal period. The results of this study are relevant to public health policymakers and suggestions for clinical implications and further research are discussed.
The Archaeology of Human Ancestry: Power, Sex and Tradition

Human social life is constrained and defined by our cognitive and emotional dispositions, which are the legacy of our foraging ancestors. But how difficult is it to reconstruct the social systems and cultural traditions of those ancestors? The text provides an answer, in which archaeologists and biological anthropologists set out and demonstrate their reconstructive methods. Contributors use observations of primates and modern hunter-gatherers to illuminate the fossil and artefactual records. Thematic treatment covers the evolution of group size; group composition and the emotional structure of social bonds; sexual dimorphism and the sexual division of labour; and the origins of human cultural traditions. This book should be a useful introduction to the subject for advanced undergraduates and researchers in archaeology and biological anthropology. It can also be used by workers in psychology, sociology and feminist studies as a resource for understanding human social origins.
A Heuristic Program for Locating Warehouses

The linear programing algorithms available for optimizing the routing of shipments in multi-plant, multi-destination systems cannot, in the current state of knowledge, be applied directly to the more general problem of determining the number and location of regional warehouses in large-scale distribution networks. This paper outlines a heuristic computer program for locating warehouses and compares it with recently published efforts at solving the problem either by means of simulation or as a variant of linear programing. The heuristic approach outlined in this paper appears to offer significant advantages in the solution of this class of problems in that it (1) provides considerable flexibility in the specification (modeling) of the problem to be solved, (2) can be used to study large-scale problems, that is, complexes with several hundred potential warehouse sites and several thousand shipment destinations, and (3) is economical of computer time. The results obtained in applying the program to small scale problems have been equal to or better than those provided by the alternative methods considered.
Syntactically Enriched Statistical Machine Translation from English to German

Statistical Machine Translation from English to German is challenging due to the morphological richness of German and word order differences between the two languages. Aiming at a better translation of selected linguistic phenomena, we explore the use of automatically computed syntactic information in translation models, language models, and for reordering. We find that the syntactic head and role of source text words are helpful during translation, even though data in the syntactically enriched translation models is sparse. We investigate the effects of data sparseness in the syntactically enriched models, and how a deterioration in translation quality can be avoided by combining them with more general models. By combining syntactically enriched translation models and a surface form translation model through a back-off-chain, we obtain a small improvement in translation quality.
Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and Preeclampsia

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine if preeclampsia was associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Design: A case-control study. Setting: North Carolina Memorial Hospital during January 1984 through March 1987. Patients: 110 Caucasian and African-American primiparous preeclamptic women and 115 Caucasian and African-American primiparous healthy women. Main Outcome Measures: Self-reported history of alcohol during lifetime and pregnancy; type of alcohol consumed. Results: Alcohol consumption was not significantly associated with preeclampsia, although there was a suggestion of a protective effect while simultaneously adjusting for a family history of preeclampsia; maternal smoking, medication, and recreational drug use during pregnancy; working during pregnancy; and choice of a contraceptive method (barrier versus nonbarrier) with the partner before the index pregnancy (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.17–1.50). The odds ratio remained unchanged when lifetime smokers (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.08–1.67) or smokers du.
REKAYASA ULANG SIM AKADEMIK ITS BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK PEMELIHARAAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KUALITAS ISO IEC 9126

Sistem informasi akademik (SIAKAD) pada perguruan tinggi adalah perangkat yang digunakan untuk mendukung kegiatan akademik. Pemeliharaan SIAKAD ITS saat ini belum memiliki pedoman baku. Kekurangan yang ditimbulkan adalah tidak adanya dokumentasi perubahan lengkap dan mekanisme pemeliharaan yang tidak terstruktur. Hal tersebut membuat biaya pemeliharaan tidak dapat didefinisikan dengan jelas. Selain itu, perkembangan teknologi informasi saat ini sudah tidak mendukung spesifikasi lingkungan SIAKAD. Pada Tugas Akhir ini studi kasus SIAKAD direkayasa ulang menggunakan pendekatan model kualitas ISO IEC 9126 berdasarkan karakteristik pemeliharaan. Sistem baru dibangun berdasarkan rekomendasi yang didapatkan pada hasil pengujian sistem lama. Sistem yang dibangun merupakan prototipe modul Formulir Rencana Studi (FRS). Hasil pengujian kualitas menunjukkan perbedaan hasil pada empat subkarakteristik dari lima subkarakteristik yang diuji. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan matriks yang sama. Sistem baru menghasilkan fungsi dan dokumentasi yang lebih lengkap. Pendekatan model kualitas pada rekayasa ulang memberikan peningkatan signifikan sesuai karakteristik yang diukur.
Scrub typhus: A common rickettsial disease emerging in a new geographical region of north India

Abstract Scrub typhus is a commonly encountered rickettsial disease of the Indian subcontinent. In India, scrub typhus is being now reported from several areas where it was previously unknown. We report clinical profile and complications of an outbreak of scrub typhus in children from the north Indian state of Uttarakhand, a region not previously known to have endemic disease. We describe the results of a prospective observational study of children with scrub typhus, at a tertiary hospital during the year 2013. The diagnosis was confirmed serologically by an IgM ELISA test. Sixty-two children were diagnosed with scrub typhus. All presented with fever. Other common symptoms were vomiting (59%), facial swelling (53%), cough (24%), abdominal pain (35%), breathlessness (26%) and decreased urine output (21%). High grade fever (> 101°F) was recorded in 95% of the children. Other common signs observed in cases of scrub typhus were hepatomegaly (77%), splenomegaly (63%), edema (37%), tender lymphadenopathy (42%) and hypotension (35%). An eschar was observed in 23% of patients. Meningoencephalitis (30.6%), severe thrombocytopenia (27.4%), shock (17.7%), hepatitis (16.1%) and acute kidney injury (11.3%) were the most commonly encountered complications. Eighty-seven percent of children became afebrile within 48 hours of initiating an appropriate antibiotic. Median time to defervescence was 24 hours. The overall mortality rate was 6.4%. Pediatricians should keep a high index of suspicion for scrub typhus in any febrile child having a maculopapular rash, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia and features suggestive of capillary leak. Pending serological confirmation, early empirical therapy with doxycycline or azithromycin should be started, as delay in treatment would result in life threatening complications.
The causes, consequences, and mediating effects of job burnout among hospital employees in Taiwan

For the purpose of explaining the causes, consequences and mediating effects of burnout on relevant variables, the researcher conducted a cross-sectional survey of 371 hospital employees in Taiwan. Four principal findings are made. First, with respect to the three components of burnout experienced by hospital employees, the most frequently reported is emotional exhaustion, being also the most problematic among hospital employees compared with employees in other industries. Second, while increased workload coupled with role conflict increases the likelihood of burnout among hospital employees, improved work autonomy and social support reduce its likelihood. Next, the study finds a direct correlation between employees’ perceptions of low levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and high levels of organizational commitment. In contrast, employees’ perceptions of high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization lead to high turnover intention. Finally, the result of the hierarchical regression analysis demonstrates a partial mediating effect of burnout in the current study. These findings suggest the need for hospital management to improve their wellbeing and incentive strategies, to embark upon regular investigations into job burnout and to adopt appropriate measures to meet the professional development needs of hospital employees.
Clinical Supervision as an Integral Part in Training for Bridging Course Learnersat Selected Hospitals of Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the significance of clinical supervision amongst Bridging course learners at the selected hospitals in Vhembe district, Limpopo province. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, contextual and descriptive design was used and this approach was regarded as the most appropriate for this study. The population of this study consisted of the learner nurses in the Bridging Course Programme (R683) leading to registration as a General Nurse. Purposive, non-probability sampling method was used to select the participants. Data collection: Data was collected by means of focus group discussion interviews during which participants were able to describe their experiences of the clinical placement in the real life setting and the support received from the professional nurses, data were collected until data saturation was reached. Data analysis: The researcher used the process of bracketing and remained neutral, setting aside previous knowledge and beliefs about the phenomenon under investigation. The researcher listened to the audiotapes used for data collection several times until the researcher completely satisfied with the interpretation of the verbatim data. Ethical consideration: The researcher sought for approval to collect data from the appropriate authority at the University of Venda, the Provincial Department of Health and the bridging students in each institution.
MATHEMATICAL ENGINEERING TECHNICAL REPORTS DC Algorithm for Extended Robust Support Vector Machine

Non-convex extensions for Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have been developed for various purposes. For example, robust SVMs attain robustness to outliers using a non-convex loss function, while Extended ν-SVM (Eν-SVM) extends the range of the hyper-parameter introducing a non-convex constraint. We consider Extended Robust Support Vector Machine (ER-SVM) which is a robust variant of Eν-SVM. ERSVM combines the two non-convex extensions of robust SVMs and Eν-SVM. Because of two non-convex extensions, the existing algorithm which is proposed by Takeda, Fujiwara and Kanamori needs to be divided into two parts depending on whether the hyper-parameter value is in the extended range or not. It also heuristically solves the nonconvex problem in the extended range. In this paper, we propose a new efficient algorithm for ER-SVM. The algorithm deals with two types of non-convex extensions all together never paying more computation cost than that of Eν-SVM and robust SVMs and finds a generalized Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) point of ER-SVM. Furthermore, we show that ER-SVM includes existing robust SVMs as a special case. Numerical experiments confirm the effectiveness of integrating the two non-convex extensions.
Fault-Tolerant Unicast-Based Multicast for Reliable Network-on-Chip Testing

We present a unified test technique that targets faults in links, routers, and cores of a network-on-chip design based on test sessions. We call an entire procedure, that delivers test packets to the subset of routers/cores, a test session. Test delivery for router/core testing is formulated as two fault-tolerant multicast algorithms. Test packet delivery for routers is implemented as a fault-tolerant unicast-based multicast scheme via the fault-free links and routers that were identified in the previous test sessions to avoid packet corruption. A new fault-tolerant routing algorithm is also proposed for the unicast-based multicast core test delivery in the whole network. Identical cores share the same test set, and they are tested within the same test session. Simulation results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing test time.
The Valsalva manoeuvre as a test of the cardiac response to sympathetic stimulation

The object of the investigation was to find a simple test of cardiac function, using established methods, sufficiently sensitive to detect deterioration of function before the advent of clinical signs of heart failure. It was hoped, by comparing the heart rate response to stress with changes in the systolic time intervals, to be able thereafter to use the heart rate response alone. The systolic time intervals have been noted to change with alterations in stroke volume, rate of flow and contractility. The most appropriate method of measuring these intervals, and the interpretation of these changes, was not altogether clear when the investigation was begun in July, 1969. Assumptions had therefore been made, based on the evidence available, and more recent work in the literature has proved these assumptions to be justified. These references, which refer to the use and significance of the pre-ejection period, ejection period and total systole, corrected for heart rate, have been included in the text. A small pilot study was undertaken to determine whether change of posture, release of venous cuffs or leg raising could be employed as the stress but the results were inconclusive. A difference was then found between subjects in the time of the return of heart rate after the Valsalva manoeuvre and this was preceded by a change in a systolic time interval. Relevant factors were therefore reviewed and a plan of work designed. It was concluded from the reviews that, if the heart reacted to changes in filling pressure by changes in stroke volume, then the ability to eject the blood rapidly in the presence of the resistance to flow induced by the manoeuvre would depend on the cardiac response to sympathetic stimulation. This would be reflected independently in the heart rate and systolic time intervals, corrected for heart rate. After the manoeuvre the heart rate and corrected ejection period and total systole rose and then fell. But the time intervals altered to an unexpected degree and in a manner suggesting they were affected by the rise and fall of pressure and resistance. However, compared with control subjects, in patients with ischaemic heart disease corrected total systole and ejection periods increased more and - together with the heart rate - fell more slowly to their resting levels. In a larger series, the heart rate response alone (number of beats from onset of fall to control heart rate) differentiated control subjects from patients. The probable causes of these differences and the application of the findings are discussed.
Ambulatory accelerometry in Parkinson's disease

We used ambulatory monitoring to simultaneously quantify body position, bradykinesia, and hypokinesia in 50 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 43 healthy elderly over the diurnal period. Reliable automatic detection of three defined body positions proved possible. Compared to controls, PD patients spent less time upright and more time of their day lying down which correlated well with the self-reported time lying down. PD patients had significantly lower mean values of extremity acceleration and higher mean values of immobility than controls. The objective measures of bradykinesia and hypokinesia showed only a modest or no relation with the semi-quantitative s ubjective Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores, which is most likely was due to differences between the methods. Contrary to bradykinesia, hypokinesia measures showed clear sex differences in both patients and controls. Over time, trunk and arm movements occur more frequently in women than in men. Our ambulatory monitoring assessment disclosed clinically relevant information on the mobility profile and offers a way to simultaneously quantify cardinal movement features in patients with PD across the day. 20 Proefschrift 30-09-2005 14:33 Pagina 20