Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Small‐sized, decoupled two‐monopole antenna system using the same monopole as decoupling structure

A simple decoupling technique utilizing the same radiator geometry as the resonator‐based decoupling structure for the isolation enhancement is proposed. The design consists of two identical radiating monopoles and the same radiator grounded between the two monopoles. The targeted design footprint of the two‐antenna system occupies a size of 5 mm × 40 mm (about 0.04λ × 0.32λ at 2.4 GHz) with a gap of 2 mm between the radiating and the decoupling monopoles. Each monopole shows a small size of 5 mm × 12 mm, comprising a simple 5‐GHz monopole, a chip inductor, and a tuning end portion, and is capable of operating in the range between 2.4 GHz (2400‐2484 MHz) and 5 GHz (5150‐5825 MHz) wireless local area network bands. In this design, the decoupling structure is obtained by duplicating the radiating monopole but grounding its feed port to the small antenna ground. By properly tuning the lengths of the end portions for the radiating and the decoupling monopoles, good isolation better than 15 dB between the antennas in 2.4 and 5 GHz bands can be attained.
A Graphical Method for Displaying the Model Fit of Item Response Theory Trace Lines

Item response theory (IRT) is a statistical paradigm for developing educational tests and assessing students. IRT, however, currently lacks an established graphical method for examining model fit for the three-parameter logistic model, the most flexible and popular IRT model in educational testing. A method is presented here to do this. The graph, which is referred to herein as a “bin plot,” is the IRT equivalent of a scatterplot for linear regression. Bin plots display a conventional IRT trace line (with ability on the horizontal axis and probability correct on the vertical axis). Students are binned according to how well they performed on the entire test, and the proportion of students in each bin who answered the focal question correctly is displayed on the graph as points above or below the trace line. With this arrangement, the difference between each point and the trace line is the residual for the bin. Confidence intervals can be added to the observed proportions in order to display uncertainty. Computer simulations were used to test four alternative ways for binning students. These simulations showed that binning students according to number of questions they answered correctly on the entire test works best. Simulations also showed confidence intervals for bin plots had coverage probabilities close to nominal values for common testing scenarios, but that there are scenarios in which confidence intervals had inflated error rates.
Universal Routing in Multi-hop Radio Networks

In this article we introduce a new model to study stability in multi-hop wireless networks in the framework of adversarial queueing. In such a model, a routing protocol consists of three components: a transmission policy, a scheduling policy to select the packet to transmit form a set of packets parked at a node, and a hearing control mechanism to coordinate transmissions with scheduling. For such a setting, we propose a definition of universal stability that takes into account not only the scheduling policies (as in the standard wireline adversarial model), but also the transmission policies. First, we show that any scheduling policy that is unstable in the classical wireline adversarial model remains unstable in the multi-hop radio network model, even in scenarios free of inter- ferences. Then, we show that both SIS and LIS (two well-known universally stable scheduling policies in the wireline adversarial model) remain stable in the multi-hop radio network model, provided a proactive hearing control is used. In contrast, such scheduling policies turn out to be unstable when using a reactive hearing control. However, the scheduling policy LIS can be enforced to be universally stable provided ties are resolved in a permanent manner. Such a situation doesn't hold in the case of SIS, which remains unstable regardless of how ties are resolved. Furthermore, for some transmission policies which we call regular, we also show that all scheduling policies that are universally stable when using proactive hearing control (which include SIS and LIS) remain universally stable when using reactive hearing control.
Accuracy of Floquet Model in Predicting Performances of Finite Arrays

This letter studies the accuracy of the Floquet model for finite array analysis. The Floquet model and the Plane Wave Spectum model are compared for open-ended waveguide arrays. The numerical results indicate that for arrays larger than 2 wavelengths, the Floquet model can predict the performance accurately. The Floquet model was found to also compare well to finite element analysis in the case of a small patch array.
An Intelligent Arabic Sign Language Recognition System Using a Pair of LMCs With GMM Based Classification

In this paper, we propose a dual leap motion controllers (LMC)-based Arabic sign language recognition system. More specifically, we introduce the concept of using both front and side LMCs to cater for the challenges of finger occlusions and missing data. For feature extraction, an optimum set of geometric features is selected from both controllers, while for classification, we used both a Bayesian approach with a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and a simple linear discriminant analysis (LDA) approach. To combine the information from the two LMCs, we introduce an evidence-based fusion approach; namely, the Dempster–Shafer (DS) theory of evidence. Data were collected from two native adult signers, for 100 isolated Arabic dynamic signs. Ten observations were collected for each of the signs. The proposed framework uses an intelligent strategy to handle the case of missing data from one or both controllers. A recognition accuracy of about 92% was achieved. The proposed system outperforms state-of-the-art glove-based systems and single-sensor-based techniques.
Load Compensation for Diesel Generator Based Isolated Generation System Employing DSTATCOM

This paper presents the control of distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) for reactive power, harmonics and unbalanced load currents compensation on diesel generator (DG) set for isolated system. The control of DSTATCOM is achieved using least mean square (LMS) based Adaline. The Adaline is used to extract the balanced positive sequence real fundamental frequency component of load current and PI (proportional integral) controller is used to maintain the constant voltage at the dc bus of voltage source converter (VSC) working as DSTATCOM. Switching of VSC is achieved by controlling source currents to follow reference currents using hysteresis based PWM control. The scheme is simulated under MATLAB environment using Simulink and PSB block-set toolboxes for linear and nonlinear loads. The modeling is performed for 3-phase, 3-wire star connected synchronous generator coupled to diesel engine, along with the 3-leg VSC working as DSTATCOM. The results verify the effectiveness of the control of DSTATCOM for load compensation and optimal operation of DG set.
Developing an effective model for identifying congestion influences in different road segments from trajectory data

Traffic congestion is one of the most common problems all over the world. They bring about considerable economic loss, increase travel time and huge pollution. Detection of road traffic congestion and its management has been a popular area of research for scientists. The attention is growing to find a solution to critical traffic management in big cities and urban areas. Generally, congestion originated from a road segment propagates through other road segments towards other parts of a road network. Most of the recent researches on congestion detection can only render binary decision about the occurrence of congestion which is unable to address the performance metrics, such as intensity, accuracy, residual effect of congestion on a road segment. Thus mere detecting, measuring a quantitative value of congestion provide more information of real time traffic scenario. Though the propagation of congestion provides some information about the dependencies among the road segments, it cannot measure the influences among them. It motivates to develop an effective model that represents congestion influences among the road segments in a road network. Average road speed is the basic requirement to determine the road traffic congestion and their influences. Therefore, taxi trajectory data is a good option for its availability and reliability. In this work, a novel model has been introduced to measure the congestion and identify their influences among road segments in a road network. The model generates a mathematical expression for measuring the congestion considering the effect of change in average speed with respect to current average speed and the time decay of congestion to get the residual effect of congestion in time series. The model selects connected road segment and implements simple linear regression to measure the influence value. We construct a graph for visual representation of the model where the nodes represent the congestion value of each road segment and the edges represent the congestion influence value between connected road segments. Finally, we validated our model by experiments on a large real-time taxi trajectory data in an urban road network.
Effects of pol zeta, pol eta, and Polymerase delta Mutants on the Genetic Instability of Inverted Repeat InsH during Break-Induced Replication

Break-induced replication (BIR) is a type of DNA repair pathway that specializes in the repair of one ended double-stranded breaks (DSBs). The pathway is necessary to preserve genetic information in the presence of DNA damage. However it is not currently known how BIR proceeds through inverted repeats (IRs) that are capable of forming secondary structures. Not only that, the specific subset of proteins required to assist BIR through IRs is also unknown. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a suitable organism for the investigation of BIR because it allows for easy investigation into the role of highly conserved proteins. S. cerevisiae mutant experimental strains were generated using transformation techniques and then coupled with a chromosome III disome system containing a LYS2-InsH construct at the 16 kb position. BIR does not appear to require translesion polymerases to assist the bypass of IRs. Polymerase d mutants investigated did not appear to significantly affect the progression of BIR through IRs raising additional questions as to the mechanism through these unstable elements. These results help clarify the mechanism by which BIR proceeds through IRs and eliminates the possibility that translesion polymerases, often recruited to bypass unstable DNA elements, are involved. Polymerase d is supported by numerous studies to be the driver of replication during BIR synthesis and this study elucidates how a few of the mutants of polymerase d did not affect the progression through IRs but raises questions for other polymerase d mutants that could affect the progression of BIR through IRs.
Face detection for video summary using enhancement-based fusion strategy under varying illumination conditions

A biometric-based techniques emerge as the promising approach for most of the real-time applications including security systems, video surveillances, human-computer interaction and many more. Among all biométrie methods, face recognition offers more benefits as compared to others. Diagnosing human faces and localizing them in images or videos is the priori step of tracking and recognizing. But the performance of face detection is limited by certain factors namely lighting conditions, pose variation, occlusions, low resolution images and complex background. To overcome the problems, this paper examines a fusion strategy in the enhancement-based skin-color segmentation approach that can improve the performance of face detection algorithm. The method is robust against complex background, ethnicity and lighting variations. The method consists of three steps. The first step receives spatial transform techniques in parallel to enhance the contrast of the image, change the color space of the enhanced images to YCbCr, apply skin segmentation technique and yield the binary segmented images. The second step ascertains the weight of accuracy (WoA) of each of the segmented image and fed it into the fusion strategy to get the final skin detected region. Finally, the last step localizes the human face. The methodology is not constrained to just frontal face identification. However it is invariant with the diverse head postures, enlightment condition, and size of faces. The experimental result demonstrates the improvement in the accuracy and precision along with the reduction in FPR as compared to other enhancement classifiers.
Nothrotheriops sp. (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Pleistocene of Argentina: implications for the dispersion of ground sloths during the Great American Biotic Interchange

The aim of this contribution is to describe a femur (MCRS 199) assigned to Nothrotheriops sp. from the Late Pleistocene of Santa Fe Province (Argentina), and discuss the implications of this find in the context of the dispersal of ground sloths during the Great American Biotic Interchange. The specimen MCRS 199 is smaller than the femora referred to the North American species Nothrotheriops texanus and Nothrotheriops shastensis but shares several features with these species: (i) shape and position of the greater trochanter, (ii) development of the lesser trochanter, (iii) presence of connection between the third trochanter and the ectepicondyle, (iv) distal third of the femur wider, with ML/DW index of 1.93, and (v) location and relationship of the distal condyles. These similarities allow us to assign MCRS 199 to Nothrotheriops sp. The record of Nothrotheriops sp. from Santa Fe Province chronologically coincides with the earliest records of Nothrotheriops shastensis suggesting a broad geographical distribution of Nothrotheriops during the Late Pleistocene, ranging from 33–36°N (e.g. states of California and Arizona, USA) to 31°S (northern Salado River, Santa Fe Province, Argentina). Thus, Nothrotheriops have dispersed from North America (where Nothrotheriops has early records, Calabrian–Middle Pleistocene) to South America where localities bearing Nothrotheriops are Late Pleistocene in age. In addition, once in South America and probably during the Middle Pleistocene, Nothrotheriops probably gave rise to its sister taxon, Nothrotherium, with records from the Middle Pleistocene (e.g. 223 ka BP, northeastern Brazil) to the Late Pleistocene (e.g. 15 ka BP).
“No strings attached”: A qualitative exploration of gay and bisexual men’s motivations for and attitudes toward engaging in casual sex while on vacation

Abstract Prior quantitative research with gay and bisexual men (GBM) has documented high rates of sexual risk behavior during recreational travel. Although some associations are known (e.g., substance use at the tourist destination is associated with sexual risk), less is known about GBM’s motivations for travel and the cognitive and attitudinal factors that influence their sexual behavior while vacationing. In the present study, we conducted qualitative interviews with 46 GBM recruited from three popular gay tourist destinations. Using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a guiding theoretical framework, the findings of the study revealed that the gay-friendly, tropical, relaxing environments resulted in men letting their guard down and engaging in more risk than when they are at home. Various barriers such as peer pressure and substance use affect GBM’s ability to engage in healthier behaviors while traveling, with condom negotiation and HIV status disclosure as additional issues that impact the sex practices of this population. Results highlight the applicability of HBM constructs to provide insight for intervention development for this population.
The Cat and Mouse in Split Manufacturing

Split manufacturing of integrated circuits eliminates vulnerabilities introduced by an untrusted foundry by manufacturing only a part of the target design at an untrusted high-end foundry and the remaining part at a trusted low-end foundry. Most researchers have focused on attack and defenses for hierarchical designs and/or use a relatively high-end trusted foundry, leading to high cost. We propose an attack and defense for split manufacturing for flattened designs. Our attack uses a network-flow model and outperforms previous attacks. We also develop two defense techniques using placement perturbation—one using physical design information and the other using logical information—while considering overhead. The effectiveness of our techniques is demonstrated on benchmark circuits.
Evaluation of the SPERM TRACKERTM for semen stain localization on fabrics

Semen stains localization is an important challenge and a prerequisite to genetic identification during forensic investigations. Often performed using either non-specific techniques such as CrimeScope or/and acid phosphatase specific methods such as naphtyl, these detection requirements were in need of a new technique and procedure: rapid, simple, specific and non-toxic. We are here presenting the results of a comparative study between mini- CrimeScope and the newly launch product Sperm Tracker™. Evidence are given with regards to the specificity, sensitivity and ease of use of the new product. Genetic analysis were also performed right after localization and demonstrated the full compatibility of the method with the subsequent DNA analysis.
An Integrated Error Detection System For POS-tags In Korean

A POS-tagged corpus is valuable data for NLP tasks. However, a large amount of POS-tagged corpus contains errors and errors debase the quality of corpus. To deal with this problem, we adopt Loftsson(2009)’s approach for POS-tagging error detection with the consideration of linguistic features of Korean. We introduce an integration of two methods to detect errors. One is variation n-gram method and another is multiple taggers’ disagreement method. Then, we reconsider ‘Sejong tagset’ that is used in Sejong corpus which is a representative Korean corpus. By measuring error detection accuracy in POS-tagging result per each tagset candidates with our system, we find that combination of two methods can enhance the accuracy of error detection.
On the use of real-time simulation technology in smart grid research and development

This paper discusses the various aspects involving the research and development of smart grids. Discussed are applications, from large grid renewable integration, WAMPAC systems to micro-grids. Load scheduling and power balance, communications issues, understanding customer behavior, large area protection and distribution control are only some aspects of the challenge of making power grids more robust, more intelligent. The potential complexity of such smart grids requires careful study and analysis before actual realization. This paper explains how such challenges are addressed using real-time simulation technologies in different laboratories around the world.
Influence of Organosilicone Surfactants and Spray Nozzle Types on the Fate and Efficacy of Clopyralid on Honey Mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa)

Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of two organosilicone surfactants and spray nozzle types on the spray deposition, absorption, translocation, and efficacy of the monoethanolamine salt of clopyralid on honey mesquite. Sylgard 309 or Silwet L-77 added to the spray solution at 0.1, 025 and 0.5% by vol did not increase spray deposition, absorption, translocation, or phytotoxicity of clopyralid applied at 140 g ae ha-1 on honey mesquite compared to no surfactant An air-assist spray nozzle at 9.4 L ha-1 by vol resulted in greater initial clopyralid deposit on honey mesquite than hydraulic nozzles at 9.4 or 187 L ha-1 by vol, but air-assist application did not increase phytotoxicity compared to hydraulic nozzles.
An Adaptive High-Precision Overpower Protection Scheme for Primary-Side Controlled Flyback Converters

A primary-side controlled universal-line flyback converter is widely used for its low-cost and low standby power advantages; however, conventional overpower protection schemes that feature primary-side control often experience inaccurate protection. In this paper, a novel scheme is presented, which achieves a very significant improvement in overpower accuracy while simultaneously meets a critical goal of adding no extra pin compared to conventional schemes when implemented in an IC. Experimental and simulation results verified the proposed strategy, and the scheme was implemented successfully in an IC.
Structure-aware shape processing

Shape structure is about the arrangement and relations between shape parts. Structure-aware shape processing goes beyond local geometry and low level processing to analyze and process shapes at a high level. It focuses more on the global inter and intra semantic relations among the parts of shape rather than on their local geometric details. With recent developments in easy shape acquisition, access to vast repositories of 3D models, and simple-to-use desktop fabrication possibilities, the study of structure in shapes has become a central research topic in shape analysis, editing, and modeling. A whole new line of structure-aware shape processing algorithms has emerged that base their operation on an attempt to understand such structure in shapes with an eventual goal of linking object functions to shape geometry. The algorithms broadly consist of two key phases: an analysis phase, which extracts structural information from input data; and a (smart) processing phase, which utilizes the extracted information for exploration, editing, and synthesis of novel shapes. In this course, we organize, summarize, and present the key con- cepts and methodological approaches towards efﬁcient structure-aware shape processing. Targeted both at early stage graduate stu- dents to experts in shape analysis, we propose to discuss common models of structure, their implementation in terms of mathematical formalism and algorithms, and explain the key principles in the context of a number of state-of-the-art approaches. Further, we attempt to list the key open problems and challenges, both at the technical and at the conceptual level, to make it easier for new researchers to better explore and contribute to this topic. Our goal is to both give the practitioner an overview of available structure-aware shape processing techniques, as well as identify future research questions in this important, emerging, and fascinating research area.
3D Image Analysis for Evaluating Internal Deformation / Fracture Characteristics of Materials

In order to understand deformation/fracture characteristics, many measurement methods have been proposed and developed. Almost all methods, however, have been limited on the surface indirectly due to insufficient resolution. Recently, third-generation synchrotron radiation facilities have enabled observations with high resolution. Therefore, the 3D mapping of structural features like air bubbles (pores) have been attempted to understand local deformation/fracture characteristics in some materials using the X-ray computed tomography (CT). However, there are some issues and one of them is long processing time. In this paper, we propose a system which can measure a 3D, local, high-accuracy deformation/fracture characteristic by obtaining the strain distribution. Experiments have proved its effectiveness