Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of relationship dissatisfaction in the dyadic associations between attachment insecurity and intimate partner violence among couples seeking therapy

Abstract For several decades, attempts have been made to understand the risk markers of intimate partner violence (IPV) to prevent its occurrence, but few studies have emphasized both partners' perspective in examining these markers. This study explored the associations between attachment insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) and the perpetration of psychological and physical IPV through relationship dissatisfaction in a sample of 88 couples seeking therapy for relationship difficulties. Results from path analyses based on the Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model showed that participants' attachment avoidance was indirectly related to their own and their partner's higher perpetration of psychological IPV through higher relationship dissatisfaction. Participants' attachment avoidance was also associated with their own higher perpetration of physical IPV through their higher relationship dissatisfaction. The findings highlight that attachment insecurities and relationship dissatisfaction can both contribute to establishing dysfunctional and violent interaction patterns in couples.
Stay Socially Distant and Wash Your Hands: Using the Health Belief Model to Determine Intent for COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors at the Beginning of the Pandemic

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has quickly spread around the world, and since currently no treatments that are safe and effective for large groups of people nor a vaccine are available, the best way to prevent the illness is to avoid being exposed to the virus causing it. The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive effects of both demographic and psychosocial factors originating with the Health Belief Model on reported intent to adhere to COVID-19 preventive behaviors (e.g., social distancing, hand washing, and not attending large gatherings). Method A Qualtrics survey of 500 U.S. adults was conducted to explore the relationships of demographics and psychosocial factors with the intent to adhere to COVID-19 preventive measures. Results Gender was a predictor of taking preventive action, with women more likely to take action. Health Belief Model constructs predicted uptake of most COVID-19 preventive actions, but the constructs often appeared to work independent of the model. Race/ethnicity was an infrequent predictor, but when it did, minorities were less likely to report intent to adhere to COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Conclusion/Implications While not a perfect model for this pandemic, the Health Belief Model and its constructs should continue to be considered for use by public health communicators focusing on preventive measure campaign design in both the COVID-19 pandemic era and beyond.
RNA sequencing reveals potential interacting networks between the altered transcriptome and ncRNome in the skeletal muscle of diabetic mice

Abstract For a global epidemic like Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while impaired gene regulation is identified as a primary cause of aberrant cellular physiology; in the past few years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of cellular metabolism. However, there are no reports of comprehensive in-depth cross-talk between these regulatory elements and the potential consequences in the skeletal muscle during diabetes. Here, using RNA sequencing, we identified 465 mRNAs and 12 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), to be differentially regulated in the skeletal muscle of diabetic mice and pathway enrichment analysis of these altered transcripts revealed pathways of insulin, FOXO and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling to be majorly over-represented. Construction of networks showed that these pathways significantly interact with each other that might underlie aberrant skeletal muscle metabolism during diabetes. Gene–gene interaction network depicted strong interactions among several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) namely, Prkab2, Irs1, Pfkfb3, Socs2 etc. Seven altered lncRNAs depicted multiple interactions with the altered transcripts, suggesting possible regulatory roles of these lncRNAs. Inverse patterns of expression were observed between several of the deregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and the differentially expressed transcripts in the tissues. Towards validation, overexpression of miR-381-3p and miR-539-5p in skeletal muscle C2C12 cells significantly decreased the transcript levels of their targets, Nfkbia, Pik3r1 and Pi3kr1, Cdkn2d, respectively. Collectively, the findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the interactions and cross-talk between the ncRNome and transcriptome in the skeletal muscle during diabetes and put forth potential therapeutic options for improving insulin sensitivity.
The global seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in bovines: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Abstract Bovines, especially cattle, are considered as one of the main sources of Toxoplasma gondii infection for humans. A more comprehensive understanding of the occurrence of T. gondii is needed to provide a global perspective on the prevalence of T. gondii in bovines. Here, we present the results of the first systematic review and meta-analysis on the global T. gondii seroprevalence in bovines. Six databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest and Google Scholar) were comprehensively searched for relevant studies published between 1 January 1967 and 30 May 2019. Among 7691 publications searched, 178 studies (from 50 countries) with 193 datasets were included in the meta-analysis. The global pooled and weighted seroprevalence of T. gondii among bovines was 17.91% [95% confidence interval (CI): 15.32–20.6]. Weighted prevalence based on the host was as follows: cattle 16.94% (95% CI: 14.25–19.81), buffalo 22.26% (95% CI: 16.8–29), yak 23% (95% CI: 14–33) and bison 8.1% (95% CI: 3.9–13.7). Continued monitoring on the status of T. gondii seroprevalence in bovines is essential. Study on the prevalence of T. gondii in the products of bovines such as milk, meat, etc., which are considered as the source of transmission of infection to humans, is recommended.
Whole body hypoxic preconditioning-mediated multiorgan protection in db/db mice via nitric oxide-BDNF-GSK-3β-Nrf2 signaling pathway

The beneficial effects of hypoxic preconditioning are abolished in the diabetes. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of repeated episodes of whole body hypoxic preconditioning (WBHP) in db/db mice. The protective effects of preconditioning were explored on diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction, cognitive impairment and ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced increase in myocardial injury. Sixteen-week old db/db (diabetic) and C57BL/6 (non-diabetic) mice were employed. There was a significant impairment in cognitive function (Morris Water Maze test), endothelial function (acetylcholine-induced relaxation in aortic rings) and a significant increase in IR-induced heart injury (Langendorff apparatus) in db/db mice. WBHP stimulus was given by exposing mice to four alternate cycles of low (8%) and normal air O2 for 10 min each. A single episode of WBHP failed to produce protection; however, two and three episodes of WBHP significantly produced beneficial effects on the heart, brain and blood vessels. There was a significant increase in the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nitric oxide (NO) in response to 3 episodes of WBHP. Moreover, pretreatment with the BDNF receptor, TrkB antagonist (ANA-12) and NO synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) attenuated the protective effects imparted by three episodes of WBHP. These pharmacological agents abolished WBHP-induced restoration of p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β ratio and Nrf2 levels in IR-subjected hearts. It is concluded that repeated episodes of WHBP attenuate cognitive impairment, vascular dysfunction and enhancement in IR-induced myocardial injury in diabetic mice be due to increase in NO and BDNF levels that may eventually activate GSK-3β and Nrf2 signaling pathway to confer protection.
Family resilience: perception of family members of psychoactive substance dependents*

Objective: to understand the perception of family members of psychoactive substance dependents on the elements of the functioning of their family in family resilience. Method: a qualitative approach study, based on the theoretical interpretive framework of family resilience from a systemic perspective. The participants were eleven family members of psychoactive substance dependents from a Psychosocial Care Center - Alcohol and Drugs, from a city in the state of São Paulo. For data collection, semi-structured interview, genogram and ecomap were used. Data analysis was based on the Content Analysis technique, thematic category. Results: from the interviews, three thematic categories were formulated: mobilization in search of support and social support; positive perspectives that would strengthen the family, and assertive communication. These categories point to references to the mobilization and unity of the family in search of social support in the intra-family, extended family and extra-family contexts and positive perspectives, such as persistence, perseverance, hope, faith and religiousness. Conclusion: the situation of having a psychoactive substance dependent in the family seemed to mobilize coping devices and attempts to overcome them through the resilience forces. The results may favor the daily clinical reasoning of the health professionals, helping them to recognize and value the identified resilience attributes.
Preliminary findings on the associations between personality traits and engagement behavior to the COVID-19 containment measures

ABSTRACT In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Three weeks after WHO’s declaration, almost 900,000 cases of COVID-19 were confirmed, with more than 43,000 deaths worldwide. Containment measures were recommended, such as social distancing and hand hygiene. Although they are known to be helpful to slow down the spread of the COVID-19, the efficiency of these measures depends on people’s adherence. We explore whether personality traits account for variations in the commitment to the COVID-19 containment measures. The sample consisted of 814 Brazilian adults who answered a questionnaire about adherence to COVID-19 containment measures (COVID-19 questionnaire), factors of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and the affective resonance factor of the Affective and Cognitive Measure of Empathy (ACME). We conducted a network analysis. All connections observed in the network analysis were significant (p < .05). Empathy was the personality trait to present more connections to the COVID-19 questionnaire variables. The strongest positive connection was observed for emotional lability (PID-5) and the tendency to be concern about others getting the COVID-19 (COVID-19 questionnaire). Our findings indicated that empathy and emotional lability might be key traits directly associated with the propensity to adhere to the COVID-19 containment measures.
Assessment of early COVID-19 compliance to and challenges with public health and social prevention measures in the Kingdom of Eswatini, using an online survey

Public health and social measures have been implemented around the world in a bid to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Public compliance with these measures is key in successfully controlling the pandemic. This online survey assessed the compliance and attitude of adults residing in the southern African Kingdom of Eswatini to government protection, activity and travel measures aimed at controlling the spread of COVID-19. A rapid online survey, comprising of 28 questions, was administered in May 2020. More than 90% of respondents knew the virus could kill anyone and most respondents (70%) reported to be compliant to public health and social measures. Females, those who did not use public transport and those aged 30 years and above were significantly (p<0.01) more compliant, particularly to protective and travel measures. Social media, television and official government websites were the primary source of ongoing COVID-19 information for respondents of this online survey, and these methods should continue to be employed to reach the public who regularly use the internet. More than half of essential workers who responded to the online survey reported to have their own personal protective equipment; however, 32% either did not have any protective equipment or shared their equipment with other staff members. Due to the survey being online, these results should not be generalised to populations of low socioeconomic status.
Back-Table Modified Stent-Graft for Endovascular Repair of Ascending Aorta

Objectives To investigate the effectiveness of modified stent-grafts (SGs) for the management of ascending aortic pathologies. Materials and Methods From January 2015 to December 2019, 31 individuals were treated by ascending aortic endovascular repair with a back-table modified SG for acute (n=4) or chronic (n=1) type A aortic dissections, penetrating aortic ulcers (n=18), pseudoaneurysms (n=2), anastomotic fistula (n=1), and endoleaks after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) (n=5). The commercially available thoracic aortic SGs were modified with a fenestration or truncation technique on the back-table according to aortography during the operation. Results The 30-day mortality and aorta-related mortality rates were 12.9% and 6.5%, respectively. There were 2 strokes, 3 respiratory insufficiencies, and 6 endoleaks during hospitalization. During a mean follow-up of 28.8±16.6 months, the overall survival rates at 1 year and 3 years were both 80.6%. Free from adverse event rates at 1 year and 3 years were 88.9% and 84.7%, respectively. There were 2 deaths during follow-up: One patient died of cachexia 1 month after discharge, and the other patient died of acute myocardial infarction 3 months after discharge. One patient with a pseudoaneurysm underwent open ascending aorta replacement 3 months after discharge for a type Ia endoleak. Another patient suffered from cerebellar infarction 17 months after discharge. Conclusion The modified SG for endovascular repair of the ascending aorta is a practicable alternative and presents acceptable outcomes in high-risk patients.
Individualised Homeopathic Treatment of Acne—An Analysis of 83 Patients

Abstract Background Acne is a common disorder of the pilosebaceous follicle. The face, back and chest are usually involved. It leads to significant diminution in quality of life. Numerous treatments are documented in therapeutic guidelines. Naturopathic approaches have been proposed in some, but the role of homeopathy is not examined. Methods In this study, 83 patients treated for acne with individualised homeopathic medicine alone were reviewed. Most had received conventional acne treatment, with limited success prior to presentation for homeopathy. Each patient was prescribed a single homeopathic medicine and followed up at 6- to 8-week intervals. The individualisation process resulted in 17 different medicines being used in this group. Photographic documentation was obtained per patient, with informed consent. Patients were classified as mild (comedonal acne with no papules or pustules), moderate (inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions) and severe (predominantly inflammatory lesions: pustules, cysts, nodules). Results of treatment were recorded as remission (decrease in new lesion number, duration and intensity), failure to respond, and lost to follow-up (LTF). Results The average age of patients was 21.5 years (range 11–45 years). The F:M ratio was 55 (66.3%):28 (33.7%). Average pre-treatment duration was 5.5 years (0.25–22 years). Seven (8.4%) patients had mild acne, 37 (44.6%) moderate, and 39 (47%) severe acne. There were 13 (15.7%) LTFs, two (2.4%) failed to respond, and 68 (81.9%) went into remission. Average time to remission was 1.9 months (range 1.5–6 months), with no relapses or side-effects. The most commonly prescribed medicines were Lycopodium (38.6%), Palladium (15.7%) and Platinum (12.1%). Conclusion Individualised homeopathy may be useful for acne therapy. The most useful medicines appeared to be Lycopodium, Palladium and Platinum, though 17 different medicines were used in this study, underscoring the value of individualisation of therapy, a key characteristic of homeopathy.
15-year experience with rotavirus vaccination in Mexico: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT A systematic review was conducted in Mexico to consolidate and evaluate evidence after 15 years of rotavirus vaccination, according to the National Immunization Program. Five databases were screened to identify published articles (January 2000–February 2020) with evidence on all clinical and epidemiological endpoints (e.g. immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, impact/effectiveness) of rotavirus vaccination in Mexico. Twenty-two articles were identified (observational studies including health-economic models: 17; randomized controlled trials: 5). Fourteen studies evaluated a human attenuated vaccine (HRV), four studies evaluated both vaccines, and only two evaluated a bovine-human reassortant vaccine, with local efficacy data only for HRV. Local evidence shows vaccines are safe, immunogenic, efficacious, and provide an acceptable risk-benefit profile. The benefits of both vaccines in alleviating the burden of all-cause diarrhea mortality and morbidity are documented in several local post-licensure studies. Findings signify overall benefits of rotavirus vaccination and support the continued use of rotavirus vaccine in Mexico.
Collective effect of hydrogen in argon and Mg as ambiance for the heat treatment on MgB 2

Magnesium diboride superconductor is still of considerable interest because of its appealing characteristics towards application mainly at around 20 K. Unlike Nb-based superconductors, MgB 2 can be operated by cryogen-free cooler which provides a cost effective alternative at low field of around 2-5 T. To explore this operating field region considerable efforts are necessary to marginally improve the superconducting properties of MgB 2 . Under this situation, even the heat treatment environment during the synthesis is considered as an important factor. The addition of H 2 gas in small amount with Ar as a mixed gas during annealing has an adverse effect on the superconducting properties of MgB 2 . It is although interesting to find that the presence of Mg vapor along with hydrogen during heat treatment results in the appreciable improvement in the flux pinning and the overall response of the critical current density for the ex-situ MgB 2 samples.
Cardamonin exerts a protective effect against autophagy and apoptosis in the testicles of diabetic male rats through the expression of Nrf2 via p62-mediated Keap-1 degradation

Cardamonin (CARD) is a chalconoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and it is present in several plants. We sought to explore whether CARD exerts any positive effects against hyperglycemia-induced testicular dysfunction caused by type 2 diabetes and aimed to identify its possible intracellular pathways. Adult male rats were subdivided into six groups: control, CARD, diabetic (DM), DM + glibenclamide (GLIB), DM + CARD and DM + GLIB + CARD. Type 2 DM induced a significant increase in blood glucose and insulin resistance, along with diminished serum insulin, testosterone and gonadotropins levels, which were associated with the impairment of key testicular androgenic enzymes and cellular redox balance. Administration of CARD at a dose of 80 mg/kg for 4 weeks effectively normalized all of these alterations, and the improvement was confirmed by epididymal sperm analysis. After treatment with CARD, the pathological changes in spermatogenic tubules were markedly improved. Significantly, CARD upregulated testicular glucose transporter-8 (GLUT-8) expression and had inhibitory effects on elevated autophagy markers and caspase-3 immunoreactive cells. Furthermore, our results revealed that CARD was able to attenuate damage via activation of Nrf2 through the p62-dependent degradation of testicular anti-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap-1). In conclusion, this study suggests that CARD provides protection against diabetic stress-mediated testicular damage. The use of CARD with conventional anti-diabetic therapy was associated with improved efficacy compared with conventional therapy alone.
Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon Fibers from Liquefied Wood by ZnCl2 Activation

In this study, activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were prepared from liquefied wood by chemical activation with ZnCl2, with a particular focus on the effects of temperature and ZnCl2: liquefied wood-based fiber (LWF) ratio on yield, porous texture, and surface chemistry. The characterization and properties of these ACFs were investigated by nitrogen adsorption/desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). When using a 6:1 impregnation ratio, the specific surface area (SBET) of the resultant ACFs was as high as 1423 m2/g. The effect of an increase in impregnation ratio on the porosity of ACFs was stronger than that of an increase in the activation temperature. However, the former had a weaker impact on the surface chemistry and structure. It was also found that the yields of ACFs obtained by ZnCl2 activation were higher than those obtained by physical activation. Besides, the prepared ACFs presented higher adsorption than other raw materials in the adsorption test, indicating that ACFs prepared from LWF by ZnCl2 activation could be used as an adsorbent for the adsorption of medium size organic compounds.
Sequential treatment from mandibulectomy to reconstruction on mandibular oral cancer – Case review II: mandibular anterior and the floor of the mouth lesion of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and clear cell odontogenic carcinoma

Preoperative patient analysis for oral cancer involves multiple considerations that are based on multiple factors; these include TNM stages, histopathologic findings, and adjacent anatomical structures. Once the decision is made to excise the lesion, the margin of dissection and its extent should be considered along with the best form of reconstruction and airway management. Treatment methods include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Although the combined method of treatment is controversial, surgical resection is considered predominantly, and immediate reconstruction after surgical resection follows. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and esthetic results of treatment and also by the availability of a surgeon with the required expertise. Segmental mandibulectomy with primary reconstruction has been shown to have advantages in both functional and esthetic results. A 52-year-old male patient with basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth, and the anterior portion of the mandible was treated with surgical procedures that included segmental mandibulectomy with both supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) at Levels I–III and mandible reconstruction with a left fibula free flap. A 55-year-old male patient with clear cell odontogenic carcinoma of the oral cavity underwent segmental mandibulectomy with both SOHND at Levels I–III and mandible reconstruction with a left fibula free flap. The purpose of this study was to review the anatomic and functional results of patients after immediate reconstruction with a fibula free flap following resection of carcinoma in the anterior portion of the mandible and floor of the mouth.