Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microdistribution of juveniles and adults of the mud crab Panopeus americanus (Brachyura, Panopeidae) in a remnant mangrove area in the southwest Atlantic

The distribution and density of a population of the narrowback mud crab Panopeus americanus were evaluated, with emphasis on the different developmental stages (juveniles and adults) and sexes. Specimens were collected in a remnant human‐impacted mangrove at Araçá on the northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil, at two‐month intervals from January through July 2006, using 1 m×1 m sample plots randomly distributed in the intertidal zone. The population was abundant, with a mean density of 14.3±9.3 individuals/m2. Larger individuals were more abundant in the upper and middle intertidal zones, whereas smaller crabs were predominant in the lower intertidal and thus remained submerged longer. Males and juveniles were homogeneously distributed. Females preferred regions farther from the waterline. A clustered distribution pattern suggested gregarious behaviour and settling of juveniles in the vicinity of the adults' habitats, in an adaptive process as a function of tidal rhythms.
To normalize or not to normalize? Fat is the question

Concentrations of lipophilic contaminants in biota are frequently corrected for variation in tissue lipid content. Usually, this correction is accomplished by dividing tissue contaminant concentration by lipid concentration to form lipid-normalized data. This ratio-based approach is satisfactory when contaminant concentration varies in direct proportion to lipid content. However, when such a relationship does not exist, erroneous conclusions may be reached. Recent research has emphasized the potential shortcomings of the use of ratio variables. We demonstrate the importance of considering these shortcomings when lipid-normalizing data. Three examples are presented, and an alternative approach based upon the use of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is suggested.
Intrusion Detection System Architecture: Issues and Challenges

-Computer and network threats are very serious issues that are becoming prevalent in our daily life. IDS mean while is a mechanism as countermeasure for network threats. Many studies have been conducted to improve the capability of an IDS. However, there is a lack of analysis about the IDS architecture. The objective of this paper is to analyze the issues and challenges related to IDS architecture known as, data collection, analysis and response module. The function of each IDS architecture module is discussed and use as the paper platform. An extensive analysis done to gather all issues related to IDS and all the issues are being classified into the respective modules. The analysis is very useful in understanding the IDS and its challenges. The contribution of this paper is critical to support the expanding research in IDS enhancement. In the future, this paper outcome can be used to highlight the current issues to be addressed in IDS research.
Evaluating agronomic characteristics of cassava genotypes in Bahia, Brazil

This experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating physiological and agronomic characteristics of cassava genotypes in the municipality of Cândido Sales, State of Bahia, Brazil, between October 2010 and August 2012. Complete randomized block design was used, with three replications and 28 treatments formed by genotypes Amansa Burro, Aramaris, Bom Jardim, Bromadeira, Caipira, Caitité, Caravela, Kiriris, Lagoão, Lavra Velha, Malacacheta, Mulatinha, Parazinha, Peru, Poti Branca, Salangor, Sergipe, Sergipe, Simbé, Tapioqueira, Tussuma, Verdinha, 2006-4, 2006-5, 2006-8, 2006-10 and 2006-12, coming from UESB, EMBRAPA and farmers in the region. Sergipe genotype is present in two treatments, one planted with cuttings collected from local farmers only called Sergipe, and another called Sergipe MR planted with cuttings originated from the rapid multiplication method. The crop spacing used was 1.0 x 0.6 m and each plot composed by 60 plants, being 26 plants considered useful. The evaluations were performed at the end of the first crop cycle, in July 2011, and the harvest in August 2012, twenty-two months after planting. The higher total leaf area and the high photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the plants canopy at the end of the first crop cycle were correlated to an increase of productivity of shoot and dry weight of root. There was no change in leaf water potential among the genotypes. The genotypes Caipira, Poti Branca, Verdinha and Sergipe from cuttings obtained by the rapid multiplication method showed high productivity for tuberous roots associated to a higher dry matter values. A greater starch yield was observed in genotypes 2006-5, Verdinha, Malacacheta, Poti Branca, Caipira, 2006-10, Sergipe MR, Parazinha and Mulatinha, thus, they might be future alternatives for regional cultivation for industrial production.
Direct measurement of lipid peroxidation in oil-in-water emulsions using multiwavelength derivative UV-spectroscopy

Using second-derivative multiwavelength UV-spectral data (200−300 nm), it was possible to measure lipid peroxidation in oil-in-water lipid emulsions using a multivariate calibration method (partial least squares regression). For a linoleic acid emulsion (0.42 mM in phosphate buffer, pH 5.5−7.0), with metmyoglobin or ferrylmyoglobin as initiator, conjugated dienes could not be quantified by direct single-wavelength absorption spectroscopy (234, 244, or 280 nm) when compared to a reference method based on ether extraction and second-derivative spectroscopy at 234 nm. Direct multiwavelength absorption (200−300 nm) and second-derivative methods (234, 244, 280 nm, and 200−300 nm) provided superior results with high correlation coefficients (r ranged from 0.78 to 0.98) when compared to the standard extraction method. The multiwavelength second-derivative method (200−300 nm) gave the highest correlation and is recommended for on-line control of lipid peroxidation in heterogeneous systems. Keywords: Lipid peroxid.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS BASED ON COMMENTS FROM ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORK

— Internet is the platform where most of us share our happiness or other feelings. Recent years are devoted in studying and mining the data which is on social platform. This task includes understanding explicit and implicit information conveyed by sentiments. It can be extracted from the comments on social media using dictionary-based sentiment analysis or Review-Seer. Comments of the person are important to analyze the sentiments of the person at the time of writing the comment. The task is to classify the comments into positive, negative and neutral sentiments further into different emotions, for which it uses the concept of Plutchik’s wheel of emotions and further makes a dictionary. The system will take input from user to classify and predict the emotions and strength of that emotion (Negative Emotions). There are basic eight emotions and system will primarily focus on negative emotions. Plutchik’s wheel of emotion gives joy and sadness, anger and fear, trust and disgust, surprise and anticipation. The use of Plutchik’s wheel of emotions will provide the real emotional view of comments. The confidence of the will be given which will indicate the strength of feeling. It uses fuzzy logic approach using Naïve Bayes or decision tree algorithm for prediction and generates output.
Effect on using different stimulation paradigm in a P300-Based BCI

Indeed, a P300-based BCI has an apparent advantage in that it requires no initial user training: P300 is a typical, or naive, response to a desired choice. The P300 potential can vary according to the type of stimulation utilized to evoke it [1]. In this study, different modalities of stimulation to induce P300 were explored within a P300based BCI system. We have considered the impact on the on-line classification performance and the possibility to use the same feature for stimulation through different -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Insect excretes unusual six-coordinate pentavalent arsenic species

Environmental context. Arsenate, in which oxidised arsenic is coordinated to four oxygen atoms, is common in the environment. We have found that a moth larva excretes an unusual form of oxidised arsenic which is bound to six oxygen atoms. Since the chemical groups which give rise to this species are abundant in environmental and biological systems, more research is needed into the possible presence of such six-coordinate complexes in natural systems. Abstract. Arsenate, in which pentavalent arsenic (AsV) is approximately tetrahedrally coordinated by oxygen, is common in biological or environmental systems. Octahedral coordination of AsV by oxygen is known chemically but hitherto has not been observed in natural systems. In an effort to understand the effect of elevated levels of arsenic on insects and other insectivorous animals in the food chain, larvae of the moth bertha armyworm (Mamestra configurata Walker) [Lepidoptera : Noctuidae] were examined under laboratory conditions. Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to show that the exuvia (shed skin) and frass (fecal matter) contain an unusual AsV species six-coordinated by oxygen. The species is modelled as a low pH octahedral chelation complex with vicinal dihydroxyls such as glycerol or catechol. Structural characterisation using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) shows interatomic distances which are more similar to those of the glycerol complex and the near-edge also shows more similarity with the aliphatic chelator. The larvae may be using the six-coordinate AsV species as a specific excretory molecule. Since vicinal dihydroxyl species are common, more research is needed into the possible presence of such six-coordinate complexes in natural systems.
Comparative analysis of the in vitro antioxidant activity of Tabebuia rosea and Tabebuia argentea

The nearness of common cancer prevention agent and antimicrobial in plants is notable. This paper reports the antioxidative and antimicrobial exercises of oil ether Tabebuia rosea and Tabebuia argentea extricates. Oil ether concentrates of Tabebuia rosea and Tabebuia argentea blossoms were assessed for their free radical searching action utilizing the DPPH radical test. Decrease of DPPH radicals can be seen by the reduction in the absorbance at λ max517nm. The tabebuia rosea blossoms remove and ascorbic corrosive indicated cell reinforcement movement with various IC50 values.
Running head: TRAUMA LONGITUDINALLY ASSOCIATED WITH SUICIDE ATTEMPT 1 Specific traumatic events elevate the risk of a suicide attempt in a 10-year longitudinal community study on adolescents and young adults

Background. Traumatic events (TEs) have been associated with suicide attempts (SAs). However, the empirical status of some TEs is inconclusive. This also concerns community adolescents and young adults, known to be a high-risk group for SAs. We examined associations between (a) a range of prior TEs (physical attack, rape/sexual abuse, serious accident, and witnessing somebody else experiencing a TE) and a subsequent SA, and (b) the number of prior TEs and an SA, and (c) we estimated attributable proportions of SAs, in relation to each TE. Method. Over a 10-year period the Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology (EDSP) study prospectively assessed community members, aged 14–24 years at baseline. Starting with 3021 subjects, each individual was assessed up to four times. Assessment was based on the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Temporal associations were estimated using the Cox model with time-dependent covariates. Attributable proportions were based on the results of the Cox models. Results. All four TEs elevated the risk for a subsequent SA, adjusting for confounders. Highest risk was found for the combined TE rape/sexual abuse. Results showed that 56–90% of SAs could be attributed to TEs in the exposed group; on the population level, attributable proportions ranged between 6.9% and 23.5%. Conclusions. Different TEs have been shown to elevate the risk of an SA in a young community sample. Our results suggest that both health professionals and health policy decision makers consider specific TEs and the number of prior TEs as risk factors for SAs.
A STUDY ON NUTRITIVE VALUE AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SORGHUM FODDER

In the present study 50 different samples of Sorghum fodder grown in Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradeshwere evaluated for their chemical composition (DM, crude protein, total ash, NDF, ADF, ADL, cellulose, silica and hemicellulose). The dry matter content varied from 11.82 to 38.19 with a relative mean value of 26.30 ± 0.50 per cent on DM basis. The mean crude protein content was 12.42 ± 0.47 per cent and exhibited a range of 15.95 per cent. The total ash content varied from 6.15 to 13.08 with a relative mean value of 9.18 ± 0.21 per cent. The per cent cell wall constituents were in the range of 70.13 to 82.19(NDF), 47.87 to 78.86(ADF), 1.32 to 22.18(ADL), 13.85 to 45.57 (cellulose), 0.33 to 8.33 (silica), and 0.34 to 28.38 (hemicellulose) and the mean values were 76.99 ± 0.41, 68.78 ± 0.86, 8.39 ± 0.58, 33.23 ± 0.71, 3.10 ± 0.21, 8.20 ± 0.79 per cent, respectively for NDF, ADF, ADL, cellulose, silica and hemicellulose. From this study it was concluded that Sorghum fodder was nutritionally superior cereal fodder for livestock in scarce rainfall areas.
Nematophagous fungi in the rhizosphere of agricultural crops

In a field experiment the rhizosphere effect of barley, pea and white mustard on the nematode-trapping fungi were investigated throughout a growing season. The densities of nematode-trapping fungi were slightly increased in the rhizospheres compared to the root-free soil. Pea rhizosphere had the greatest numbers of species of nematophagous fungi with an average of 2.4 species recovered from 0.1 g material, and in white mustard and barley rhizospheres and root-free soil less than 1.7 species were recovered from 0.1 g. Arthrobotrys oligospora was the most common species in both soil and rhizosphere. In a pot experiment the rhizosphere effect of pea and barley on nematophagous fungi was investigated in 5 different agricultural soils. Pea rhizosphere increased the densities of nematode-trapping fungi, and up to 780 propagules of nematode-trapping fungi g−1 rhizosphere soil were found, which was around 19 times higher than in the root-free soil. The number of nematodes were 6–290 times higher in the pea rhizosphere than in the root-free soil. Barley rhizosphere had little effect on the densities of nematode-trapping fungi, while the number of nematodes increased by 3–13 times. The most commonly detected species were A. oligospora, Stylopage sp. and network-forming Monacrosporium species, but there were no big differences in the species composition between the rhizosphere and the root-free soil.
Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils from Aromatic Plants Grown in the Mediterranean Area

Abstract The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils isolated from four Lamiaceae [Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. , Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (Link) Ietsw. , Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Satureja cuneifolia Ten. ] harvested at three different vegetative stages, spontaneously growing in the South of Puglia, towards Gram-(+)ve and Gram-(-)ve bacteria and pathogenic yeasts were evaluated. The four oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS, and exhibited similarities and differences with respect to data reported in the literature. Specifically, T. capitata and O. vulgare subsp. hirtum oils were found to be rich in thymol (60.9–67.5% and 29.8–56.8%, respectively) and R. officinalis oil had large amounts of 1,8-cineole (8.0–51.3%) and α-pinene (3.9–31.4%). The composition of the oil of S. cuneifolia varied most of all, its main constituents being linalool (9.6–32.7%), borneol (12.9–24.0%) and α-pinene (9.5–11.7%). Each of the oils was found to possess some antimicrobial properties using the agar diffusion method. The effectiveness and behavioral specificity varied from one species to another, and within each species, in relation to the vegetative period and the microorganism tested. The most effective oils were those of O. vulgare subsp. hirtum and T. capitata. The latter was also biologically active towards P. aeruginosa which was not sensitive to either R. officinalis or S. cuneifolia oils.
A Study of the Psychotropic Activity of Extracts of Hedysarum Alpinum L. and Garcinia Mangostana L.

Introduction: The present research featured extracts of Hedysarum alpinum L. and Garcinia mangostana L. The extract of Hedysarum alpinum L. proved to have a more pronounced effect on the dopamine-induced changes in animal behavior in an active avoidance conditioning model as compared with such popular antipsychotic drug as haloperidol. Methodology: The antipsychotic effect was evaluated based on active avoidance conditioning model in a two-compartment shuttle chamber. The anti-anxiety effect was evaluated in terms of passive avoidance conditioning. The side depressive effect of the extracts was evaluated based on the behavior of the animals during the Open Field test.
Examining Minority Youth Swimmers’ versus Non-Swimmers’ Perceptions of Swimming Involvement

Drowning is one of the leading causes of death in youth, especially among minority populations (Gilchrest & Parker, 2014). According to the World Health Organization (2014), every hour of every day approximately 42 people lose their lives to drowning. Additionally, African-Americans are 14 times more likely to drown in a pool than other racial or ethnic group members (Waller & Norwood, 2011). The purpose of this study was to examine survey results between swimming and non-swimming minority youth participants. Forty African-American students between the ages of 5-17 from an after-school program completed the Swimming Involvement Survey. Results indicated that swimmers, independent of group or gender, would like to swim more than they currently do. These results can help structure more effective swimming programs targeting minority youth.
Colonization dynamics of trophic-functional patterns of PFU protozoan communities in Dongchang Lake, northern China

The colonization dynamics of trophic-functional patterns of protozoan communities were studied based on a dataset collected using the polyurethane foam unit (PFU) method in a man-made lake in northern China from April to May 2006. The protozoa represented different trophic-functional groups during the colonization process. Only some trophic-functional groups, e.g., photoautotrophs (flagellates) and bacterivores (mainly ciliates), occurred within the PFU protozoan communities at the initial stage (3–6 days), while more trophic-functional groups, e.g., photoautotrophs, bacterivores (mainly ciliates and sarcodines), non-selectives (mainly ciliates and sarcodines), raptors (mainly ciliates), and algivores (mainly ciliates), contributed to the communities with increased species richness at the transitional (9 days), equilibrium (12–15 days) and decline (18–22 days) stages. The colonization curve of total protozoan communities significantly fitted the MacArthur–Wilson model. However, of five trophic-functional groups recorded, only bacterivores colonized in a colonization curve that significantly fitted the above equation model. These findings may provide necessary understandings for colonization dynamics of PFU protozoan communities in freshwater ecosystems.
VSMbM: A New Metric for Automatically Generated Text Summaries Evaluation

In this paper, we present VSMbM; a new metric for automatically generated text summaries evaluation. VSMbM is based on vector space modelling. It gives insights on to which extent retention and fidelity are met in the generated summaries. Two variants of the proposed metric, namely PCA-VSMbM and ISOMAP VSMbM, are tested and compared to Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE): a standard metric used to evaluate automatically generated summaries. Conducted experiments on the Timeline17 dataset show that VSMbM scores are highly correlated to the state-of-the-art Rouge scores.
Dps Protects Extra-chromosomal DNA in Escherichia coli Grown to Early-stationary Phase from Hydrogen Peroxide Damage

DNA binding protein in starved cells (Dps) confers multiple modes of protection against various environmental stresses. This study investigated the protective role of Dps during oxidative stress to extra-chromosomal DNA by first transforming wildtype ZK126 and dps mutant ZK1146 E. coli cells with pKD46, a plasmid with temperature sensitive replicon, and then exposing the transformed cells to various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. The frequency of the mutation of the temperature-sensitive gene to temperature insensitivity induced by hydrogen peroxide was determined by comparing the number of single colonies that arose at 30C with the number of mutants that grew at 42C. The mutation frequency to temperature insensitivity in the dps mutant strain was higher across all tested concentrations of hydrogen peroxide than the frequency in the wildtype strain, supporting the notion that Dps protects extra-chromosomal DNA. However, no clear correlation was observed between increasing hydrogen peroxide concentrations and increasing mutation frequency for either the wildtype or the dps mutant strains. This absence of trend may be due to the induction of other DNA repair mechanisms and should be further tested.
PARENT INVOLVEMENT: EXPLORING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING CHILDREN’S READING INTERESTS OF LITERATURE AT PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVEL

This paper discusses a study of the roles of parent’s active engagement and involvement at home to influence their children of enhancing reading interest of literature early stage at primary school level. The data for the study was gathered through face to face interviews with 10 parents both male and female who volunteered to participate in the study. The interview was transcribed verbatim. These findings were categorized into five maintain themes (i) providing reading material at home (ii) time for reading fluency (iii) personnel selection/choice of reading materials (iv) encouraging method of reading aloud among the children (v) foster their children’s appreciation for literacy which highlighted the parental influences and the beliefs of exploring important factors can be used by every guardians of providing these opportunities to all childrens for developing reading culture and become more confident readers; of allowing the childrens to find for free voluntary time at their own to participate actively. Finally, based on the findings, it was concluded that parents played a crucial role and providing practical solutions for the children inculcating reading interest which improve their reading literacy, critical thinking, contribute to building a knowledge and vocabulary development.
Detection of Error Potentials During a Car-Game with Combined Continuous and Discrete Feedback

This work describes an experiment designed to use continuous feedback in terms of a car game with additional discrete feedback to record error potentials (ErrPs). The game feedback allowed free movement of a car from the left to the right side of a street while moving forward with constant speed. Randomly appearing coins and barriers were required to be picked up or avoided. In case of successful collections or unwanted collisions visual and acoustic signals were presented as discrete feedback. An oﬄine analysis was conducted to evaluate time periods after these discrete feedback events to investigate ErrPs after collisions with barriers. The found detection rates were above chance level for most of the subjects.