Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SEVERE PLASTIC DEFORMATION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AL6061 / SiC METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

The severe plastic deformation process is capable of developing the submicron grain structures in metallic alloys and to improve the mechanical properties. Al6061/SiC composites become one of the most widely used composite materials in the engineering applications. Their light weight, low cost and considerable strength have favored their use in automotive and aerospace industries. In this paper the evaluation of Micro hardness, Ultimate Tensile Strength and ductile properties of severely plastic deformed specimens are discussed. This article describes repetitive corrugation and straighteni ng processes with Cyclic Constrained Groove Pressing parameters such as Wt. % of Sic, strain rate, Number of passes, Thickness of the specimen and heat treatment process. The results indicated that the percentage of Sic factor has a major influence on the hardness of the composite plate, followed by no. of passes, Heat treatment, plate thickness and strain rate. The optimal conditions for tensile strength are Wt. % of Sic of 15%, strain rate of 1.5mm/min, Number of passes of 7, specimen thickness of 4mm and heat treatment of 3hrs.Experimental results indicate that number of passes and Wt. % of Sic are most influencing parameters and other parameters are less significant.
Affine cellularity of S△(2,2)

Affine Schur algebras have several equivalent definitions given by [8, 11, 18, 20, 21] respectively. There are clear correspondences between these definitions on basis elements. Affine Schur algebras play a central role in linking the representations of affine quantum groups and affine Hecke algebras. Affine cellular algebras are introduced by Koenig and Xi in [17]. They extend the framework of cellular algebras due to Graham and Lehrer in [9] to affine cellular algebras which are not necessarily finite dimensional over a field. Many examples such as affine Temperley-Lieb algebras and affine Hecke algebras of type A when the parameter q is not a root of Poincaré polynomial are proved to be affine cellular in [17]. Recently A. S. Kleshchev, J. W. Loubert, V. Miemietz and J. Guilhot prove that KLR algebras of type A and affine Hecke algebras of rank two are affine cellular in [15] and [12] respectively. The aim of this paper is to prove that the affine Schur algebra S (2, 2) in case q = 1 is an affine cellular algebra over Q. We use the equivalent definitions of S (n, r) given by [8, 18, 21] respectively. By using the multiplication formulas given in [3, 18, 22], we investigate the ideal generated by the idempotent corresponding to a particular diagonal matrix and construct a chain of idempotent ideals in S (2, 2). Then we prove that this chain
Real-Time Object Tracking using Gradient Vector Flow

In this paper an object tracking system with utilizing optical flow technique, and Gradient Vector Flow (GVF) active contours is presented. Optical flow technique is less sensitive to background structure and does not need to build a model for the background of image so it would need less time to process the image. GVF active snakes have good precision for image segmentation. However, due to the high computational cost, they are not usually applicable. Since precision is one of the important factors in the image segmentation, several methods have been developed to overcome the computational speed. In this paper, we, first, recognize the moving object. Then, the object fame with some pixels surrounding to it, was created. Then, this new frame is sent to the GVF filed calculation procedure. Contour initialization is obtained based on the selected pixels. This approach increases the calculation speed, and therefore makes it possible to use the contour for the tracking. The system was built, and tested with a microcomputer. The results show a speed of 10 to 12 frames per second which is considerably suitable for object tracking approaches. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiono system śledzenia obiektu z wykorzystaniem techniki Optic Flow oraz Gradiend Vector Flow. Wykrywanie ruchomego obiektu stanowi pierwszy etap dzialania, nastepnie ramka zawierająca obiekt przesylana jest do algorytmu GVF, gdzie określany jest zarys obiektu. Dzieki temu podejściu mozliwe jest wykorzystanie, wymagającego obliczeniowo GVF w śledzeniu obiektow. Przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentalne. (Wykorzystanie metody GVF w śledzeniu obiektow w czasie rzeczywistym)
Computing Internodal Conductivities in Numerical Modeling of two Dimensional Unsaturated Flow on Rectangular Grid

Abstract This paper compares numerical solutions of transient two-dimensional unsaturated flow equation by using different averaging schemes for internodal conductivities. Averaging methods such as arithmetic mean, geometric mean, upstream weighting, and integrated mean are taken into account, as well as a recent approach based on steady-state approximation. The latter method proved the most flexible, producing relatively accurate solutions for both downward and upward flow cases. Streszczenie W artykule porównano rozwiazania numeryczne dwuwymiarowego równania przepływu nienasyconego z uzyciem róznych metod usredniania współczynnika przewodnosci hydraulicznej miedzy sasiednimi wezłami. Uwzgledniono srednia arytmetyczna, geometryczna, “pod prad” oraz całkowa, a takze niedawno zaproponowany sposób usredniania oparty na analizie przepływu ustalonego. Ten ostatni sposób okazał sie najbardziej uniwersalny, gdyz umozliwiał otrzymanie stosunkowo dokładnych wyników dla przepływu wody w strefie nienasyconej zarówno w kierunku w dół jak i w góre.
Death in the clouds: ranavirus associated mortality in assemblage of cloud forest amphibians in Nicaragua

Amphibian diseases are acknowledged as significant contributors to the decline and extinction of amphib- ian species. The main culprits currently considered are chytridiomycosis and Ranavirus. In Central America, highly endemic and geographical restricted terrestrial species may be at risk from these diseases. We collected 49 Agalychnis callidryas larvae, one Lithobates forrei and five unidentified larvae on the Nicaraguan Island Ometepe, all deceased, and skin samples were taken. The presence of Ranavirus was determined using PCR. Ranavirus was found involved in 41 of 55 tadpoles. Forty-one Agalychnis callidryas , one Lithobates forrei and another five unidentified anuran tadpoles.
Role of fathers in the spiritual experiences of high school students

Introduction he growth of spirituality in the last few decades has been increasingly sought after by psychoanalysts, psychologists, and health professionals. The social ties and relationships resulting from the implementation of religious activities, such as the holy month of Ramadan, Hajj, and participation in Friday Prayers, facilitate the control and reduction of depression and anxiety. Spirituality allows for the promotion of psychological capacity and ability to cope with stress and problems, thereby improving mental health (1). Religious experiences, especially mystical ones, have a significant role in psychotherapy. In fact, spiritual experiences are a kind of 'awareness of the spiritual world', 'mysticism', 'culmination', and 'religious and spiritual experiences'. The phenomenon of spirituality is a multidimensional structure, which consists of several parts. These components include spiritual or supra-spiritual dimension, meaning and purpose in life, having a mission and a sense of duty and commitment in life, sanctity of life, neglecting materialistic values, altruism, idealism, awareness of the tragedy of pain, disaster, and death, as well as the fruits of spirituality (2). The family is one of the most important educational environments in the transfer and education of religious values (3). Therefore, given the fundamental and decisive role of parents in the lives of children, the present study aimed to investigate whether the loss or absence of a father has a detrimental effect on the religious values of the offspring. Although T Abstract
Quantum-Elliptic curve Cryptography for Multihop Communication in 5G Networks

The Internet of Things (IoT) depicts a giant network where every “thing” can be interconnected through the communication network. The communication can be initiated between people-people, people-things, and things-things. Meanwhile, the fifth generation (5G) mobile communicating systems are the mainspring to power the IoT concept in the upcoming future. However, the heterogeneous environment in 5G networks as well as the high dependency on radio spectrum have raised deep concerns about the security assurance against network attacks such as eavesdropping. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end security mechanism to ensure the multi-hop relay communications in 5G based IoT networks to stay secured. We design a scenario to explain the insecure multi-hop relay communications which involves Base Station (BS), Subscriber Station (SS) and Relay Station (RS). Next, we utilize Quantum Cryptography between BS to RS and RS to RS as well as adopting Elliptic Curve Cryptography between BS to SS or RS to SS to mitigate the network against typical replay attacks. By using the concept of integrating both cryptographic methods, the secret key that yield from Quantum Cryptography will be used in Elliptic Curve Cryptography to secure the transmission of information across IoT networks. Thereupon, extensive discussion has been carried out and it shows that the suggested mechanism has potential to ensure confidentiality, integrity, availability and non-repudiation in the proposed scenario. In the final part of this paper, we conclude our study by a comparison analysis between the two proposed cryptographic solutions. The comparison analysis illustrates the performance of each proposed strategy in terms of the achievable level of secrecy in IoT networks.
Investigating the effect of detection and classification range and aircraft dynamics on a

Airborne maritime surveillance operations are part of Australia's national security. The determination of an efficient route to approach each ship detected to within the classification range is a difficult variation on the classical Travelling Salesman Problem because, for example, the ships are moving. In this article, variations in the detection and classification ranges are investigated, with greater classification ranges resulting in route length reductions of up to 20%. Including a finite turning circle radius for an aircraft can cause in increase in route length of up to 20% for a turning circle radius of 10 nautical miles. References Naval Operations Analysis . United States Naval Institute, 1968. Anonymous. Australian Customs Service Annual Report 2005/06. http://www.customs. gov.au/webdata/minisites/annualReport0506/ . Anonymous. Department of Defence Annual Report 2005/06. http://www.defence. gov.au/budget/05-06/dar/ . M. J. H. B. Grob. Routing of platforms in a maritime surface surveillance operation. European Journal of Operational Research , 170:613--628, 2006. doi:10.1016/j.ejor. 2004.02. 029 . C. S. Helvig, G. Robins, and A. Zelikovsky. The moving-target traveling salesman problem. Journal of Algorithms , 43:153--174, 2003. doi:10.1016/S0196-6774(03)00075-0 . Q. Jiang, R. Sarker, and H. A. Abbass. Tracking moving targets and the non-stationary travelling salesman problem. In Asia Pacific Symposium on Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems , pages 171--179, 2004. P. Kilby, P. Tobin, R. Luscombe, S. I. Barry, and R. Hickson. The maritime surveillance problem. In T. R. Marchant, M. Edwards, and G. N. Mercer, editors, Proceedings of the 2007 Mathematics-in-Industry Study Group , pages 32--56, 2008. http://www.uow. edu.au/informatics/maths/research/misg/UOW025779.html . D. O. Marlow, P. Kilby, and G. N. Mercer. The travelling salesman problem in maritime surveillance--techniques, algorithms and analysis. In L. Oxley and D. Kulasiri, editors, Proceedings of the International Congress on Modelling and Simulation , pages 684--690. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2007. A. Zhou, L. Kang, and Z. Yan. Solving dynamic tsp with evolutionary approach in real time. In Proceedings of IEEE-CEC2003 , volume 2, pages 951--957, 2003.
Fast Intra-frame Coding Algorithm for HEVC Based on TCM and Machine Learning

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is the latest video coding standard. Compared with the previous standard H.264/AVC, it can reduce the bit-rate by around 50% while maintaining the same perceptual quality. This performance gain on compression is achieved mainly by supporting larger Coding Unit (CU) size and more prediction modes. However, since the encoder needs to traverse all possible choices to mine out the best way of encoding data, this large flexibility on block size and prediction modes has caused a tremendous increase in encoding time. In HEVC, intra-frame coding is an important basis, and it is widely used in all configurations. Therefore, fast algorithms are always required to alleviate the computational complexity of HEVC intra-frame coding. In this thesis, a fast intra coding algorithm based on machine learning is proposed to predict CU decisions. Hence the computational complexity can be significantly reduced with negligible loss in the coding efficiency. Machine learning models like Bayes decision, Support Vector Machine (SVM) are used as decision makers while the Laplacian Transparent Composite Model (LPTCM) is selected as a feature extraction tool. In the main version of the proposed algorithm, a set of features named with Summation of Binarized Outlier Coefficients (SBOC) is extracted to train SVM models. An online training structure and a performance control method are introduced to enhance the robustness of decision makers. When applied on All Intra Main (AIM) full test and compared with HM 16.3, the main version of the proposed algorithm can achieve, on average, 48% time reduction with 0.78% BD-rate increase. Through adjusting parameter settings, the algorithm can change the trade-off between encoding time and coding efficiency, which can generate a performance curve to meet different requirements. The maximum average time reduction in the test can be 51.37% with 1.07% BD-rate increase while the minimum BD-rate increase could be 0.14% with 29.88% time reduction. By testing different methods on the same machine, the performance of proposed method has outperformed all CU decision based HEVC fast intra algorithm in the benchmarks. In addition, experiments and explorations are carried out to provide useful insights for fast intra algorithm design, like the composition of encoding time and the experimental lower bound of time reduction. To obtain the lower bound for time reduction, we have output the optimal CU decisions in a file by encoding a sequence by one pass. When encoding the sequence again, the encoder can utilize that file to decide the best CU partition without any trial. Through this two-pass test, the encoding time can be reduced by around 70%, which shows the time reduction potential of CU decision based fast algorithms.
Cattle use on summer foothill rangelands in northeastern Oregon.

Highlight: The importance of several plant communities for summer cattle range was evaluated. Based on understory production, eight communities were separated into three groups, i.e., bunchgrass, forested, and clearcutforested. Forested communities that had been clearcut and seeded to forage were the most productive. Soil depth and canopy cover were dominant environmental factors determining understory production on the study area. These two variables accounted for 96% of the variability in understory production. Clearcut forested communities seeded to forage provided 63% of the forage consumed by cattle and made up 31% of the study area. Seeded grasses accounted for 55% of the cattle diet. Environmental factors highly correlated with utilization by cattle during the summer were distance to salt and water, soil depth, and canopy cover. Relations of soil depth and canopy cover were a result of their influence on plant growth. There appeared to be no direct forage competition between big game and cattle when livestock were present during the last half of summer.
QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-RETENTION RELATIONSHIPS ANALYSIS OF RETENTION INDEX OF ESSENTIAL OILS

Genetic algorithm and multiple linear regression (GA-MLR), partial least square (GA-PLS), kernel PLS (GA-KPLS) and Levenberg-Marquardt artificial neural network (L-M ANN) techniques were used to investigate the correlation between retention index (RI) and descriptors for 116 diverse compounds in essential oils of six Stachys species. The correlation coefficient LGO-CV (Q2) between experimental and predicted RI for test set by GA-MLR, GA-PLS, GA-KPLS and L-M ANN was 0.886, 0.912, 0.937 and 0.964, respectively. This is the first research on the QSRR of the essential oil compounds against the RI using the GA-KPLS and L-M ANN.
Examining the Application of Grammatical Metaphors in Academic Writing

English academic writing is a challenging task for Chinese EFL learners. For graduate students, they need systematic and explicit guidance to improve their academic writing competence. Grammatical metaphors are important resources for constructing academic discourse, and nominalization in ideational metaphors is regarded as the most powerful tool for achieving formality, objectivity, lexical density and text cohesion typical of academic papers. This article focuses on the role of grammatical metaphors in the production of quality academic written texts. It analyzes the function of grammatical metaphors in academic register and the application of these grammatical metaphors in creating academic meanings. The paper also provides some pedagogical implications for academic writing instruction for advanced EFL learners.
Comparing strategies for imputing informative sequence variants into a wider population of genotyped dairy cattle

Inclusion of well-chosen sequence variants in genomic prediction is a promising approach to improving accuracy. Sequence variants of interest in the implementation of this approach must be either genotyped directly or imputed using existing genotypes. Imputation is an attractive approach because it is less expensive than directly genotyping all the variants of interest. The purpose of this study was to quantify accuracy and computation times for a number of different imputation strategies in a mixed-breed set of genotyped dairy cattle. Of particular interest was whether accuracy for imputing a subset of sequence variants can be improved by using a large reference of ~11k genotyped individuals with imputed sequence instead of a small reference of ~500 individuals with true sequence. Whole-genome sequence for 563 individuals was used to quantify accuracy for imputing from ~8k density up to a subset of ~158k sequence variants which had previously been identified as informative for genomic prediction across traits of interest. Imputation was carried out using Beagle and FImpute, and accuracies for stepwise approaches via intermediate Illumina BovineSNP50k and BovineHD panels were also assessed. Forty-nine of the 563 individuals were used as a validation set. Strategies using Beagle and imputing to the larger reference of 11,457 individuals with imputed sequence vs imputing to the smaller reference of 514 individuals with true sequence were 0.962 and 0.946 respectively. Computation times were 8.7 and 0.03 CPU hours respectively. Imputation accuracies using FImpute and imputing to the larger reference with imputed sequence vs imputing to the smaller reference with true sequence were 0.953 and 0.952 respectively. Corresponding computation times were 4.4 and 0.2 CPU hours respectively. Using Beagle, stepwise imputation approaches improved accuracy when imputing to the smaller reference with 514 individuals, but showed no gain in accuracy when imputing to the reference with 11,457 individuals.
Coopetition as a Small Business Strategy: Implications for Performance

This paper explores coopetition, a strategy that combines cooperation and competition in addressing relationships between firms. We examine the underlying nature of coopetition, and evaluate the extent to which it represents a relevant strategy for small firms. Inherent problems are identified when attempting to collaborate with competitors. We propose an approach to measuring the coopetitive tendencies of small firms. The measurement approach centers on three underlying dimensions: mutual benefit, trust, and commitment. Applying this approach, we assess the relationship between coopetition and firm performance. Based on a survey of 647 small firms in Turkey, a strong, positive relationship is identified. Theoretical and managerial implications are drawn from the findings.
Chinese urban and rural sports fundamental public service system and mechanism evaluation system research

The paper takes Chinese sports fundamental public service system and mechanism each indicator as research object and makes deeper research on it. Make analysis of public sports service influence system and mechanism factors, objectively defines its weights by applying analytic hierarchy process, and gets that largest influence is that participating sports population accounts for largest weight of total population, after that it applies fuzzy mathematics method to make comprehensive evaluation on constructed model, and finally defines the region final evaluation result belongs to good level
Variation among clutches in the response of spiders to prey nutrient content

Abstract The phenotype of animals is often determined by an interaction between genes and the environment. In spiders, recent work has shown that the nutritional composition of prey can have a large effect on the growth and reproduction of spiders. I tested whether the growth of juvenile spiderlings was affected by an interaction between the clutch and the diet on which they fed (i.e., high or low nutrient) in both a wandering (Tigrosa helluo (Walckenaer 1837)) and a web-building (Pholcus phalangioides Fuesslin 1775) spider. Diet was manipulated by feeding spiderlings similar quantities of food that varied in their nutritional composition. The results for both species followed the same pattern. Overall, spiderlings fed the high-nutrient prey were larger, both in terms of mass and body size. However, there was significant variation in effect size among clutches, with some clutches showing large effects of nutrients on growth and other clutches showing little or no effect of nutrients on growth. In both species, there were no differences among clutches in the final mass and size of individuals on the low nutrient treatment. The differences among clutches were due to differences in the mass and size of spiderlings on the high nutrient treatments. These results highlight the importance of incorporating a diverse range of clutches or genotypes in studies of spider nutrition to ensure that the results are generalizable and not biased by particular genotypes or clutches.