Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acoustic noise of electromagnetic origin in an ideal frequency-converter-driven induction motor

With the advent of power electronics, there has been increasing demand for variable-speed drives in industrial applications because significant energy savings can be achieved. However, the use of frequency converters in driving induction motors has resulted in significant increase in acoustic-noise radiation. While there have been numerous studies on the acoustic-noise-generation mechanisms in variable-speed drives, the problem remains unsolved. The increase in acoustic-noise radiation in inverter-fed induction motors has been mainly attributed to the time harmonics introduced by the converters. A general algorithm is presented to compute the change in sound-power level of a variable-speed induction motor due to the change in the speed of operation in the absence of time harmonics (i.e. driven by an ideal frequency converter). General qualitative results based on this algorithm indicate that, even if an ideal converter can be designed to eliminate all the time harmonics, the acoustic-noise radiation of electromagnetic origin can still be significantly increased by the change in speed. This algorithm can therefore be used to help establishing the lowest limit of acoustic-noise radiation which can ever be achieved independent of frequency-converter configurations for a variable-speed induction motor.
Synthesis of linearly polarised patterns of conical arrays by the method of least square

Method of least squares is employed for pattern synthesis of non-uniform conical arrays using Euler rotation of coordinate axes. Design specifications involve beam-width of main-lobe, side-lobe and cross-polarisation levels. This method is effective for conformal arrays, because pattern multiplication is not applicable for them. Constructed error function depends on element spacing and current excitations (amplitudes and phases of input currents). Combination of conjugate gradient and genetic algorithms is used for its miniaturisation to determine element spacing and excitations. Recent literature on non-uniform arrays mostly deals with non-uniform excitations with complicated input networks. The non-uniformly spaced arrays will realise any specification obtained by non-uniform excitations. Two examples of non-uniform current excitations are presented. First example leads to reduction of side-lobe level (SLL) from 12 to 20 dB. Second example deals with different upper and lower SLLs. Third example treats non-uniform spacing, which results in the reduction of SLL from 12 to 18 dB. Fourth example synthesises both non-uniform spacing and unequal excitations, which provides the SLL reduction from 12 to 25 dB, besides the reduction of cross-polarisation level from 12 to 25 dB, compared with Qing- Qjang et al. 2011, which decreased SLL by only 8 dB.
Energy expenditure in vocalizations of pigs under stress

A suinocultura moderna enfrenta muitos desafios, dentre os quais o crescimento da produtividade, a melhoria da qualidade de carne, a reducao de danos ambientais e a reducao de custo de producao. Suinos gastam energia na vocalizacao, especialmente quando submetidos a determinado estresse. O desperdicio de energia pode aumentar o custo de producao e conduzir a um maior dano ambiental. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a energia gasta pelos leitoes sob o estresse da castracao e seu efeito sobre o ganho de peso dos animais. Dois grupos de dez animais cada foram castrados, sendo um grupo com anestesia local e outro sem anestesia. As vocalizacoes dos leitoes foram gravadas durante as diferentes fases do processo de castracao, sendo objeto de uma estimativa da quantidade de energia emitida durante cada vocalizacao. Posteriormente, esta energia foi associada com o ganho de peso dos animais. Nao houve diferenca no gasto total da energia em ambos os grupos, uma vez que a energia utilizada durante a aplicacao da anestesia foi semelhante a energia gasta durante a castracao dos animais sem anestesia. Tambem nao houve correlacao entre a energia gasta e o ganho de peso dos animais. Foi possivel estimar a quantidade de energia emitida atraves de vocalizacao. Esta energia gasta por leitoes com dor foi maior do que em outras situacoes de manejo (contencao, pesagem e soltura).
Productivity of agile teams: an empirical evaluation of factors and monitoring processes

MELO, C. O. Productivity of Agile Teams: An Empirical Evaluation of Factors and Monitoring Processes. 2015. 195 f. Thesis (Doctoral) Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 2015. Lower cost and shorter time-to-market expectations are the major drivers of software productivity improvements. To manage productivity effectively, it is important to identify the most relevant difficulties and develop strategies to cope with them. Agile methods, including Extreme Programming and Scrum, have evolved as approaches to simplify software development process, potentially leading to better productivity. They aim to shorten development time and handle the inevitable changes resulting from market dynamics. Although the industry has extensively adopted agile methods, little research has empirically examined the software development agility construct regarding its dimensions, determinants, and effects on software development performance. Understanding this construct could help determine where to concentrate management efforts (and related financial resources) from a practical standpoint and where to focus research efforts from an academic perspective. Considerable research has been directed at identifying factors that have a significant impact on software development productivity. In general, the studied productivity factors were related to product, personnel, project, process, or organizational issues. Continuously evaluating productivity factors is important, as factors may change under new software engineering practices. However, little research has investigated the major factors influencing agile team productivity. The goal of this thesis was to explore productivity definitions, factors, and monitoring in agile teams and to improve the practice based on the collected evidence and gained knowledge. This thesis presents five novel contributions: C1 Empirical verification of the importance of productivity for companies adopting agile methods and its perceived benefits; C2 Rationale for the definition of productivity in the context of agile methods; C3 Empirical verification of agile team productivity factors; C4 A conceptual framework for agile team productivity factors and their impact; C5 A team productivity monitoring process considering adaptability and an evaluation of the usefulness of agile team productivity metrics.
A Background Subtraction Method for Defect Detection of Printed Image

Background subtraction is often used to detect the moving objects from static cameras. The difficult of defect detecting of printing matter is how to detect the unknown flaws in complicate background effectively. Inspired by the background modeling approach for moving objects detection, a background modeling method in defect detection of printed image is suggested in this paper. Those pixels without defects are regarded as background, while the flaw pixels are defined as foreground. Firstly, we select LBP histogram as texture feature and HSV histogram as color feature to model the background respectively. Then, lots of printed images in which there are no defects are used to update these two models. Finally, we utilize the models to detect defects of printing images. Experimental results show that this background model works well in our defect detection.
Wavelength Dependent Remote Power Supply for Shape Memory Alloy

The use of shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators in smart structures is increasing significantly especially in the field of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) due to their unique properties. In this work wavelength dependent remote power supply for SMA is presented to avoid electrical cables from the working area of the structure and to demonstrate the selective addressing of a high number of micro-actuators placed in a small space. Low power (∼100 mW) continuous mode laser diodes are used as remote power supply sources. A thermal numerical model is presented to visualize the temperature evolution in a Nitinol sample (3 mm × 1 mm × 100 μm) irradiated by 785 nm laser source. A series of experiments are performed to validate the modelling results, to estimate the response time under different loadings (15 g and 20 g) and to demonstrate the wavelength dependent deformation in SMA samples for selective addressing which is realized by depositing thin layers having specific optical filtering properties directly over the SMA sample and using laser diode sources with different wavelengths (785 nm and 658 nm).
MULTIVARIATE COMPOSITE COPULAS

Abstract In this paper, we present a method for generating a copula by composing two arbitrary n-dimensional copulas via a vector of bivariate functions, where the resulting copula is named as the multivariate composite copula. A necessary and sufficient condition on the vector guaranteeing the composite function to be a copula is given, and a general approach to construct the vector satisfying this necessary and sufficient condition via bivariate copulas is provided. The multivariate composite copula proposes a new framework for the construction of flexible multivariate copula from existing ones, and it also includes some known classes of copulas. It is shown that the multivariate composite copula has a clear probability structure, and it satisfies the characteristic of uniform convergence as well as the reproduction property for its component copulas. Some properties of multivariate composite copulas are discussed. Finally, numerical illustrations and an empirical example on financial data are provided to show the advantages of the multivariate composite copula, especially in capturing the tail dependence.
The Implementation of Mindfulness-Based Programs in the Swedish Healthcare System – A Survey Study of Service Providers

Background The burden of depression and anxiety is on the rise globally. Mindfulness-Based Programs (MBPs) are a particular group of psychosocial programs targeting depression and anxiety. There is growing research and practice interest in MBPs internationally, and they are becoming more commonly implemented in a number of countries’ healthcare services. Objective To systematically map the existing provision of MBPs in the Swedish healthcare sector, in order to understand facilitators and barriers to uptake, and so inform future implementation efforts. Methods We assessed the experiences of MBP implementation among relevant stakeholders in Swedish healthcare settings through an online survey. The survey was designed to gather data on (1) the evidence-base of practice being implemented; (2) the context in which implementation was taking place and (3) the process of facilitation. Respondents were identified through snowball sampling of key stakeholders. Results In total, 129 individuals from 20 of the 21 healthcare regions in Sweden responded to the survey. Our findings showed that there is variation in the types of MBP models being implemented, and that the delivery structure of evidence-based programs were often being modified for implementation. We found some divergence from international guidance on good practice standards for the training of MBP teachers within Swedish implementation processes. The main service context for implementation is primary care; the most important facilitating factors for successful MBP implementation were the presence of a championing individual and support from leadership. The most influential hindering factors for implementation were lack of time, and lack of funding. Conclusion To support integrity and fidelity of MBP implementation in Sweden, a strategic plan and good practice guidelines seem necessary. Also, an evidence-based stepped care model for implementation may work to ensure intervention fidelity in cases where time and funding constraints permit.
The Effect of Reproductive Health Education on Knowledge and Attitudes of Adolescent About Premarital Sex in Private Vocational School Surabaya

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of storms and stress; health problems that occur in adolescents are related to risky behavior, namely smoking, drinking alcohol, abuse of illegal drugs and having premarital sexual relations. The research objective was to determine the effect of reproductive health education on adolescent knowledge and attitudes about premarital sex.Methods: The research design used a quasi-experimental. The study population totalled 356 students. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling: purposive sampling. A sample size of 188 respondents was obtained—reproductive health education implemented by video and leaflet. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney tests with a significant level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that in the video group, the knowledge level was p=0.000, and the attitude was p=0.000. The leaflet group showed a level of knowledge of p=0.000 and an attitude of p=0.000. The difference between the two groups was tested by using the Mann Whitney test. It was found that there was no difference in the effect of the video and leaflet methods on knowledge of p=0.219 and attitudes of p=0.469. Conclusion: Leaflets are effective for health education because they can be read individually and contain topics about premarital sex, which are more personal. The school must provide integrated sexual education with formal lessons that use many methods to increase students’ knowledge.
Highly Efficient Full-Bridge Resonant AC/DC Converter Using T-Type Voltage Doubler

This article presents full-bridge resonant ac/dc converter that minimizes switching loss over entire grid voltage cycle. By using the voltage fluctuation at T-type voltage doubler, the existing hard-switched components are turned-off with almost zero-voltage switching at high instantaneous output power and with less than half of the output voltage at low instantaneous output power. Moreover, no instantaneous reactive current flows through the circuit under wide variations of grid voltages and loads. Furthermore, the proposed converter has balanced loss distribution over the primary-side and secondary-side switches, which ensures high power transfer capability with improved overall switch utilization. A 1-kW prototype is developed and tested to demonstrate the circuit functionality. Finally, the efficiency improvement is investigated; comparisons show the benefit of the proposed converter over conventional converters that use unfolders.
TD-DFT Monitoring of the Absorption Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons over the Basque Country, Spain

Brown carbon is a type of carbonaceous aerosol with strong light absorption in the ultraviolet and visible wavelengths that leads to radiative forcing. However, it is difficult to correlate the chemical composition of brown carbon with its atmospheric light absorption properties, which translates into significant uncertainty. Thus, a time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) approach was used to model the real-world absorption properties of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) over three regions of the Basque Country (Spain): Bilbao, Urretxu, and Azpeitia. The data were corrected for atmospheric concentration. The results show that the absorption spectra over each region are qualitatively identical, with the absorption intensities being significantly higher over Bilbao than over Azpeitia and Urretxu. Furthermore, it was found that the light absorption by PAHs should be more relevant for radiative forcing when it occurs at UVA and (sub)visible wavelengths. Finally, among the 14 studied PAHs, benzo[b]fluoranthene, pyrene, fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[k]fluoranthene and benzoperylene were identified as the molecules with larger contributions to radiative forcing.
Particle Surface Modification in the Near-Electrode Region of an RF Discharge

The results of a study on particles’ surfaces after being exposed to the near-electrode region of a radio frequency (RF) discharge are presented. It was experimentally displayed that metal starts being deposited on the surface of particles levitating above the lower electrode of the discharge chamber after switching the RF discharge on. For melamine-formaldehyde (MF) particles, the appearance of an island metal coating is observed after 30 min of plasma exposure. Eroded electrodes and elements of the gas discharge chamber may serve as a source of deposited material. In addition, an analysis of the surface and composition of particles placed on the upper electrode after 6 h of plasma exposure is presented. We reveal that the composition and structure of the particle coating changes during the experiment. The MF particles under exposure become eroded, and needle-like structures containing metals are formed on their surface. We also observe the formation of columnar structures from the products of erosion of electrodes on particles with a metal coating.
Effect of Green Practices on Organizational Performance: An Empirical Study

: Global manufacturing businesses have contributed to energy and resource consumption, pollution. Along with governmental legislation, social and market pressure that growing as awareness about environmental issues increases. To tackle such problems the study focuses on the analysis of the direct consequence of Green Manufacturing (GM) practices on operational performance in the manufacturing industry. A model for evaluating the effect of GM is developed taking into consideration as a fundamental variable that affects the causal relationship between GM practices and operational performance. A structural equation model was proposed and investigated across the manufacturing industry in India. A structured survey questionnaire was used to gather empirical data from 400 Indian companies. A total of 203 usable responses were obtained giving a response rate of 53%. The data was analyzed using SPSS-AMOS software. The results revealed that GM practices directly and positively affected operational performance. The results indicated that the structural equation model remained invariant across the Industry. The implementation of Green practices in manufacturing has been recognized as a mean to improve economic and environmental performance that increases competitiveness and urge innovation. The study provides further evidence to managers and practitioners on the effect of GM practices on operational performance in developing countries like India.
Effects of Crowd Size, Composition, and Noise Level On Pool Use in a Mixed-Species Penguin Colony

Studies on how visitors affect penguins in human care report a mixture of negative, neutral, and positive impacts on behavior and physiology. Swimming is a highly motivated behavior that may promote positive welfare in penguins. We investigated how visitor crowd size, composition, and noise levels impact pool use in a mixed-species colony housing king (Aptenodytes patagonicus; n = 20), gentoo (Pygoscelis papua; n = 14), and southern rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome; n = 24) penguins. We used video and sound loggers to record if penguins were on land or in water, the number of human adults and children present, and noise levels using 5-minute scan samples from 09:00-15:00 over 36 continuous days. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models with proportion of penguins in the water as the dependent variable and crowd size, composition, and noise levels in A-weighted (dBA) and C-weighted (dBC) scales as independent variables. Crowd size was positively associated with pool use in gentoo penguins. Crowd composition did not predict pool use in any species. Noise levels in dBA, which is adjusted to the higher frequencies of human hearing, positively predicted pool use in southern rockhopper penguins. Noise levels in dBC, which captures lower frequencies, did not predict pool use in any species. No evidence of negative visitor effects was observed. Instead, these results suggest visitors are a neutral stimulus to king penguins and may be enriching to gentoo and southern rockhopper penguins.
Determination of Flow Characteristics of Ohashi River through 3-D Hydrodynamic Model under Simplified and Detailed Bathymetric Conditions

The Ohashi River is a narrow water stream that connects two brackish lakes in Japan. Intermittent saline water intrusion often occurs in Lake Shinji from Lake Nakaumi through Ohashi River. In this study, two approaches were discussed to reproduce the hydrodynamic conditions of a morphologically complex river. In the first approach, the river sinuosity was straightened. The straightening of the river resulted in a higher flow velocity and water flux coefficient due to the reduction in the flow path and the resistance, and this approach was found to be appropriate for the reproduction of the flow velocity. However, the river shape was visually quite different from the actual river morphology. In the second approach, the prime focus was given to the shape and bathymetry to quantitively reproduce the flowrate of the saline water intrusion. This approach resulted in an underestimation of the flow velocity, which was compensated by increasing the cross-sectional area of the river. A slower flow velocity causes up to a 3-h time lag for the water mass to pass through the Ohashi River, which in principle should affect the temporal variations of the water temperature and salinity. Fortunately, as the typical time scale for water temperature and salinity fluctuations in the Ohashi River is a few days, a 3-h time lag did not cause any problems.
Digital Ethnography on Students’ Authentic Engagement in Social Media Platforms during the Global Online Experiment

Accepted: 28 Sep. 2021 This article investigates the culture of the student online community of pre-service teachers relative to their engagement in social media at a state university in the Philippines. It analyzes students’ engagement to facilitate authentic learning within the bounds of social media platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. The author used a digital ethnographic design to investigate the use of social media as an emerging technology to supplement pre-service teachers’ authentic learning during COVID-19. The deductive thematic analysis, which was anchored in the lens of constructivism and social media engagement theory, revealed that the use of emerging technologies such as Facebook expands students’ cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement in the online community. Although students have difficulty identifying unofficial reports, they expressed a positive response to using social media to supplement pedagogical platforms amid the crisis. The study recommends conducting an empirical investigation into the responsiveness of Facebook as an emergency platform to supplement pedagogy during the global online experiment.