Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Near-Infrared Emissive Cyanido-Bridged {YbFe2} Molecular Nanomagnets Sensitive to the Nitrile Solvents of Crystallization

One of the pathways toward luminescent single-molecule magnets (SMMs) is realized by the self-assembly of lanthanide(3+) ions with cyanido transition metal complexes. We report a novel family of emissive SMMs, {YbIII(4-pyridone)4[FeII(phen)2(CN)2]2}(CF3SO3)3·solv (solv = 2MeCN, 1·MeCN; 2AcrCN, 1·AcrCN; 2PrCN, 1·PrCN; 2MalCN·1MeOH; 1·MalCN; MeCN = acetonitrile, AcrCN = acrylonitrile, PrCN = propionitrile, MalCN = malononitrile). They are based on paramagnetic YbIII centers coordinating diamagnetic [FeII(phen)2(CN)2] metalloligands but differ in the nitrile solvents of crystallization. They exhibit a field-induced slow magnetic relaxation dominated by a Raman process, without an Orbach relaxation as indicated by AC magnetic data and the ab initio calculations. The Raman relaxation is solvent-dependent as represented by the power “n” of the BRamanTn contribution varying from 3.07(1), to 2.61(1), 2.37(1), and 1.68(4) for 1·MeCN, 1·PrCN, 1·AcrCN, and 1·MalCN, respectively, while the BRaman parameter adopts the opposite trend. This was correlated with the variation of phonon modes schemes, including the number of available vibrational modes and their energies, dependent on the increasing complexity of the applied nitrile. 1·MeCN and 1·MalCN show the additional T-independent relaxation assignable to dipole-dipole interactions as confirmed by its suppression in 1·AcrCN and 1·PrCN revealing longer Yb–Yb distances and the disappearance in the LuIII-diluted 1·MeCN@Lu. All compounds exhibit YbIII–centered near-infrared photoluminescence sensitized by organic ligands.
Behavioural heterogeneity and equity premium volatility in China

ABSTRACT This paper develops a simple heterogeneous agents model with fundamentalists and chartists. It examines whether investors’ behavioural heterogeneity is related to excess volatility of equity premium in the Chinese stock market. To calculate deviations between the realized and expected values of the equity premium, we use consumption growth model and dividend growth model to estimate the expected equity premiums of CSI 300 from January 2005 to December 2019. After estimating the heterogeneous agents model using the CSI 300 monthly data, we find that investors’ heterogeneity in price trends and trading strategies can significantly explain excess volatility of equity premium. Our analysis of two significant fluctuations, specifically the booms and busts of 2007–2008 and 2014–2015, further corroborates our key finding that investors’ behavioural heterogeneity plays an important role in explaining excess volatility of equity premium.
Schwarz boundary value problem on Reuleaux triangle

We discuss the Schwarz problem on Reuleaux triangle. By the technique of parqueting reflection principle, we translate the Schwarz problem into a Riemann boundary value problem on a system of arcs. We first state that the Riemann problem is solvable, while the solutions are represented by a Cauchy type integral. At last, as the main theorem, we prove that those two problems are equivalent to each other. And then we obtain the explicit integral representation of the solution to a Schwarz problem.
Team-based learning (TBL): Putting learning sciences research to work in the economics classroom

Abstract In this article, the authors describe how Team-Based Learning (TBL) intentionally promotes learning strategies that learning sciences research has identified as highly effective to create powerful learning environments for students. The article illustrates how learning sciences principles and research findings inform and support the TBL framework, focusing on six evidence-based learning science strategies: (1) effortful retrieval practice; (2) spaced/distributed retrieval practice; (3) self-elaboration; (4) use of activities employing concrete examples; (5) appropriate sequencing of direct instruction and student exploration; and, (6) repeated use of highly-structured group-based activities throughout a course. The systematic and intentional integration of these strategies in TBL classes creates the potential for powerful learning relative to courses that fail to intentionally take into account learning sciences research in their design and pedagogy.
Typology of skybridges in Asia

ABSTRACT With the rapid development of high-density urban areas and the construction of high-rise complexes, the number of skybridges has increased during the last 20 years. While skybridges in high-rise building complexes have been attracting considerable attention, a few studies have been conducted on state-of-the-art skybridges, but not enough typological research on skybridges has been made based on actual cases. In this study, the typological difference among skybridges sharing common properties was verified using a statistical method based on the cases of skybridges in Asia. The completion year, length, width, and relative elevation of skybridges were used for the statistical analysis. Based on the results, six skybridge types, i.e., open circulation, open sky park, open programmatic, enclosed rooftop programmatic, enclosed circulation, and enclosed programmatic, and their characteristics were derived and described by a three-dimensional plot. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of skybridges, and it can be used as a reference material for researchers to understand how high-rise complexes with skybridges will evolve and change their urban environment. It will also help architects to design skybridges and communicate with clients and the public on their value.
Understanding the Temporal Variability of Rainfall for Estimating Agro-Climatic Onset of Cropping Season over South Interior Karnataka, India

Annual, seasonal and intra-seasonal variations in rainfall affect crop production from land preparation to the realization of potential crop yield in a region. Particularly, the onset of the rainy season is most crucial for determining the sowing period. Statistical analysis (Modified Mann-Kendall aka MMK-test for trend and likelihood ratio test for shifting pattern) of 60 years rainfall of south interior Karnataka (SIK) inferred the presence of temporal variability in rainfall. There was a monotonic increase in rainfall of February, March, April, June and August months (a positive sign of MM-K (tau) value), with a negligible rate of change (Sen’s slope towards zero). Upon seasonal analysis, there was a significant increase in winter, pre-monsoon and monsoonal rainfall as compared to post-monsoonal rainfall (higher Sen’s slope for pre-monsoon), indicating a need for agronomic interventions for estimating an effective date of sowing for reducing risks of crop production. Further, the agro-climatic onset of cropping season was estimated by considering soil–crop–water relations. Earlier onset of cropping season was estimated based on thresholds of soil–crop–water relations, which highlights sowing of crops in advance (May 1st fortnight) instead of late (June 1st fortnight) to avoid crop losses due to early-season drought.
A longitudinal study on associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with plasma monounsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy

Background Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy influences women and offspring’s health via fatty acids metabolism. However, studies on associations of PA with plasma monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) across pregnancy are sparse. Thus, our study aimed to examine associations of PA with individual plasma phospholipid MUFAs throughout pregnancy in a prospective and longitudinal study in the United States (US). Materials and methods The study included 318 pregnant women from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort. PA was measured four times: PA reported at 10–14 gestational weeks (GWs) representing PA in the past year, and at 15–26 GWs, 23–31 GWs, and 33–39 GWs representing PA since the last visit. Plasma phospholipid MUFAs were measured at the same four visits as the measurement of PA. Associations between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and the total MUFAs and seven individual plasma phospholipid MUFAs (i.e., palmitoleic acid, 18:1n6-9 trans, 18:1n6c, cis-vaccenic acid, oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, and nervonic acid) were assessed at each visit using multivariable linear regression models adjusting for confounders. Results MVPA (hours/week) reported at 15–26 GWs representing MVPA since the last visit was positively associated with total MUFAs (% of total fatty acids) [adjusted β*102 (standard error (SE)*102) = 10.41 (3.19), P = 0.001] at 15–26 GWs. For individual MUFAs, MVPA reported at 15–26 GWs representing MVPA since the last visit was positively associated with oleic acid [adjusted β*102 (SE*102) = 8.56 (2.65), P = 0.001] and eicosenoic acid [adjusted β*102 (SE*102) = 0.55 (0.20), P = 0.01] at 15–26 GWs. MVPA reported at 23–31 GWs representing MVPA since the last visit was positively associated with palmitoleic acid [adjusted β*102 (SE*102) = 2.24 (0.64), P = 0.001] at 23–31 GWs. MVPA reported at 10–14 GWs and 33–39 GWs was not associated with total or individual MUFAs. Conclusion We found novel positive associations of MVPA with individual MUFAs, such as oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, and palmitoleic acid, during middle-to-late pregnancy. These findings suggest that MVPA represents a potentially modifiable factor for plasma individual MUFA levels during pregnancy.
Mental health care services in rural South Africa: a human capabilities approach

ABSTRACT It is estimated that a significant proportion of people living in South Africa have a mental illness and do not have access to mental health services. This relates to barriers that contribute to help-seeking behavior. Semi-structured interviewers were conducted with a sample of 11 stakeholders and 35 parents. Data were thematically analyzed and results revealed that participants had limited knowledge of what mental health is. Also highlighted was the lack of structural and human mental health care resources, and stigmatization. Addressing the issues related to mental health care services could contribute to ensuring that people have access to good health.
Mini-Review: Recent Technologies of Electrode and System in the Enzymatic Biofuel Cell (EBFC)

Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) is one of the branches of fuel cells that can provide high potential for various applications. However, EBFC has challenges in improving the performance power output. Exploring electrode materials is one way to increase enzyme utilization and lead to a high conversion rate so that efficient enzyme loading on the electrode surface can function correctly. This paper briefly presents recent technologies developed to improve bio-catalytic properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, implantability, and mechanical flexibility in EBFCs. Among the combinations of materials that can be studied and are interesting because of their properties, there are various nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, and conductive polymers; all three have the advantages of chemical stability and enhanced electron transfer. The methods to immobilize enzymes, and support and substrate issues are also covered in this paper. In addition, the EBFC system is also explored and developed as suitable for applications such as self-pumping and microfluidic EBFC.
The Red Sea–Dead Sea desalination project at Aqaba

AbstractThe Red Sea–Dead Sea desalination project is a joint initiative to promote regional cooperation among Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinian Authority. As a result of such cooperation, a memorandum of understanding (MoU) was signed on 9 December 2013 at the World Bank in Washington DC in which all parties agreed to start the implementation of phase 1 of the project. The MoU has been followed by signing of a project bi-lateral agreement between Jordan and Israel on 26 February 2015 in which both parties have agreed on the modalities of their cooperation in all stages of the project and on management and procedures. The project aims to extract 190–300 million cubic meters per year (mcm/y) of seawater from the Red Sea and convey them via pipelines to a desalination plant north of Aqaba airport in Jordan to produce about 65–85 mcm/y of desalinated fresh water of which 35–50 mcm/y are to be supplied to Israel in the south. In exchange, Israel will supply about 30 mcm/y to the northern governorates in Jord.
Optimization research on hybrid energy storage system of high‐speed railway

The regenerative braking energy generated during the braking of high-speed trains affects the power quality of the power grid. Recovery of regenerative braking energy is problem that needs to be solved urgently. The regenerative braking energy of high-speed railway features high power and high energy. It is difﬁcult to recover it only by using high power density supercapacitors or high energy density batteries. In this paper, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) composed of supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries and its optimal conﬁguration method are proposed for the purpose of obtaining maximum economic beneﬁts for railroad systems. Then the economic beneﬁts when using the HESS and the single energy storage system are compared from the perspective of whether the regenerative braking energy is fully recycled or not. Finally, a simulation analysis with actual load of a high-speed railway station is performed. The highest beneﬁt is achieved when the regenerative braking energy is partially recovered by the HESS, which can save 3% of the total cost per day and pay back the cost in eight years.
The role of space, time and sociability in predicting social encounters

Space, time and the social realm are intrinsically linked. While an array of studies have tried to untangle these factors and their influence on human behaviour, hardly any have taken their effects into account at the same time. To disentangle these factors, we try to predict future encounters between students and assess how important social, spatial and temporal features are for prediction. We phrase our problem of predicting future encounters as a link-prediction problem and utilise set of Random Forest predictors for the prediction task. We use data collected by the Copenhagen network study; a study unique in scope and scale and tracks 847 students via mobile phones over the course of a whole academic year. We find that network and social features hold the highest discriminatory power for predicting future encounters.
Design of SOC Based SRAM Cluster for Reliability and Functional Safety Applications

In this paper the design of SOC based SRAM cluster is implemented for reliability and functional safety. The main objective of this research is to improve the accuracy and reduce the delay using SOC based design. The designed system initially generates the network using network generator. This network generator basically uses the strategies of both user’s clusterization and hierarchy optimization. After the strategy of hierarchy structure the electronic design automation (EDA) generator will generate the test standards based on the access of tests. This generated components test will be extracted based on the standards. Next H-Array generator will generate the arrays of H-arrays for different cluster level sub networks. All these arrays will be cross compiled by mapping the cells. At last this will be saved in SRAM cluster. Hence the SOC based SRAM cluster will improve the accuracy and reduce the delay in effective way.
Weed vegetation in conventional and organic farming in West Bohemia (Czech Republic)

The paper presents species richness and composition of arable weed vegetation in the region of West Bohemia (Czech Republic) in different types of farming (conventional and organic) and grown crops (winter and spring cereals, wide-row crops). During the field survey in the years 2007 to 2017, 105 phytocoenological relevés were recorded. The average species richness in one relevé was significantly higher in organic farming, as well as total weed cover. The lowest species richness was found in wide-row crops. Recently widespread species belonged to the most frequent species in our study. Based on multivariate statistics, the effects of variables on the occurrence of weed species were found as statistically significant. Most of the variability in data was explained by crop, following by type of farming. Weed species of Fabaceae Lindl. family (especially Vicia L.) and many perennial species positively correlated with the organic type of farming. Endangered species were found mainly in organic farming and cereals. Less intensive cultivation with a higher weed cover is beneficial for the promotion of biodiversity.
The effects of trade openness on rural-urban sectoral employment, wages, and earnings: Evidence from Peru's second wave of trade liberalization

The effects of trade liberalization on wages, inequality, and employment in middle-income countries remains an important empirical question. However, with few exceptions, most of the empirical literature has focused on aggregate impacts at a national or regional level and the effects on skilled versus unskilled workers. This paper focuses on the effects of trade liberalization on industry-specific wages, earnings, and employment in rural and urban areas of Peru, providing more nuanced evidence on the distributional effects of trade. We use an instrumental variable approach and different measures of trade liberalization for the 2001–2016 period. Our main results suggest that, first, trade openness is associated with an increase in urban workers’ earnings and wages, with self-employed workers benefitting the most. Second, whereas wages of workers with low and high levels of education decrease as a consequence of trade openness, the earnings of self-employed workers are affected positively, benefiting unskilled workers the most. In addition, while earnings increase in almost all industries in both rural and urban areas, effects are heterogeneous for wages. Overall, both salaried and self-employed agricultural workers benefitted from trade openness, indicative that agriculture is a competitive sector with important export potential.
Undetectable Adversarial Examples Based on Microscopical Regularization

Recent works have demonstrated that neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Although existing methods have achieved satisfactory attack success rates, most adversarial examples can be detected by statistical analysis and further removed. In previous methods, adversarial perturbations are added using adversarial loss and distance metrics, in which the positions of modified pixels are not considered. In this paper, we elaborate a microscopical regularization that introduces adversarial perturbations onto rich texture regions. The microscopical regularization is used to evaluate pixel-level differences between a normal image and its adversarial version. We further propose a novel optimization strategy of modification probability matrices to minimize the loss function that satisfies the restriction of L∞. Through extensive experiments, we show that our method can resist statistical analysis by a large margin and achieve better visual quality than others. The proposed microscopical regularization can also be combined with existing approaches to enhance the undetectability and robustness.
Unsupervised HDR Image Reconstruction Based on Over/Under-Exposed LDR Image Pair

This paper proposes an unsupervised high dynamic range (HDR) image reconstruction method based on an over/under-exposed low dynamic range (LDR) image pair. The framework includes two end-to-end branches: transferring an over-exposed image input to under-exposed images and transferring an under-exposed image input to over-exposed images. The LDR images with the same exposure from the two branches are averaged, and then reconstruct an HDR image by merging them. When training the model, we use the L1 loss of the same exposure image of the two branches and MEF-SSIM loss function as the objective function to ensure that the two branches get a similar visual effect at the same exposure, and use RGB loss and HSV loss to constrain the brightness and saturation of different exposure images. Experiments demonstrate that our unsupervised framework can generate comparable results with state-of-the-art supervised learning methods.
Powder Diffraction Data of Aluminum-Rich FCC-Ti1−xAlxN Prepared by CVD

Fcc-Ti1−xAlxN-based coatings obtained by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) are widely used as wear-resistant coatings. However, there exists no JCPDF card of fcc-Ti1−xAlxN for the XRD analysis of such coatings based on experimental data. In this work, an aluminum-rich fcc-Ti1−xAlxN powder was prepared and, for the first time, a powder diffraction file of fcc-Ti1−xAlxN was determined experimentally. In the first step, a 10 µm thick Ti1−xAlxN coating was deposited on steel foil and on cemented carbide inserts by CVD. The steel foil was etched and flakes of a free-standing Ti1−xAlxN layer were obtained of which a part consisted of a pure fcc phase. A powder was produced using the major part of the flakes of the free-standing Ti1−xAlxN layer. Following the Ti1−xAlxN coating, a flake of the free-standing layer and the powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), selected area electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (SAED–HRTEM), wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The powder consisted of 88% fcc-Ti1−xAlxN. The stoichiometric coefficient of fcc-Ti1−xAlxN was measured on a flake containing only the fcc phase. A value of x = 0.87 was obtained. Based on the powder sample, the XRD data of the pure fcc-Ti1−xAlxN phase were measured and the lattice constant of the fcc-Ti1−xAlxN phase in the powder was determined to be a = 0.407168 nm. Finally, a complete dataset comprising relative XRD intensities and lattice parameters for an fcc-Ti0.13Al0.87N phase was provided.
Frequência de distribuição de evapotranspiração da Bacia Hidrográfica do Alto Juruá, Oeste Amazônico

Evapotranspiration is an important variable for the sustainable practice of irrigated agriculture, there must be studies that aim at a better understanding and applicability of this variable in different regions. The job aims to analyze the frequency of distribution of reference evapotranspiration, estimated by the Penman-Monteith-FAO method, in cumulative periods of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 days, for the 50, 70, 80 probability levels, 90 and 95%, for the Alto Juruá Hydrographic Basin. The data of 33 years of evapotranspiration were adjusted for six probability distribution models (Log-normal, Weibull, Gamma, Normal, Logistics, and Cauchy). We observed that, of all the tested distributions, only Cauchy's was not effective in modeling the data. We observed that, of all the tested distributions, only Cauchy's was not effective in modeling the data. Also, by adopting as parameters the accumulated period of 20 days and the probability of 80%, we verified under-dimensioning in irrigation systems by the average value. Through the chosen parameters, ETo corresponds to 6.34 mm day, which is the value indicated for dimensioning the irrigation systems in the region.