Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Mifepristone plus Misoprostol with Misoprostol Alone for First Trimester Medical Abortion: A Systematic Review & Meta -Analysis Protocol

Background Original clinical trials have demonstrated that the combined mifepristone plus misoprostol has a marked effectiveness on first trimester abortion practices compared to the misoprostol alone regimen. However, there is no clear evidence if this effect holds consistent direction for all main outcomes and, whether subsequent complications or side effects are minimal or not. This review is intended to provide aggregated evidence for this question through comparison of the respective regimens based on findings from previous randomized control trial studies. Methods Randomized control trials which compared mifepristone plus misoprostol with misoprostol alone for first trimester medical abortion and published in English language will be included in the review. Articles attempted to evaluate procedures and mechanisms of first trimester abortion other than mifepristone plus misoprostol combined regimen with misoprostol alone will be excluded. An internet based search of different engines will be undertaken to identify articles on the proposed topic. Using text words contained in the titles and abstracts of relevant articles, a full search of PubMed/Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, WHO international clinical Trial registry platform and google scholar will be made. Data on participants, study methods, interventions, and outcomes will be abstracted. Included studies will be pooled for meta-analysis. Results will be reported in odds or risk ratio at 95% confidence interval. Discussion This systematic review intends to review the available literature on effectiveness of mifepristone plus misoprostol as compared to misoprostol alone for inducing abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy. In addition, we anticipate that the review will evaluate and compare the incidence of potential complications and side effects following administration of the respective regimen in both populations. Systematic review registration number CRD42019134213
A Capacitance-Based Reference Scheme for a 14b-Linear, 100 MS/s SAR-Assisted Pipeline ADC

Voltage reference buffers have always been the most power-hungry blocks in switched-capacitor SAR ADCs. High frequency dynamic loading of the buffer by the capacitive DAC causes glitches on the reference voltage, and the buffer has to be fast enough to recover such transients to 1/2 LSB precision in every bit cycle. Such stringent requirements entail an immensely capable buffer for high-speed, high-resolution converters. One obvious olution circumventing the active buffer is to use a stand-alone capacitor that holds the reference voltage during SAR evaluation. This solution accompanies, besides good power efficiency, excellent DAC settling speed and noise properties, thereby greatly helping the ADC FoM. Reducing the capacitance of the stand-alone capacitor for chip area concerns brings in code-dependent errors on the reference, leading to heavy distortion. This project implements an area-conscious, capacitance-based reference buffer scheme for a 14b-linear, 100 MS/s SAR-assisted pipeline ADC in 28 nm CMOS. With moderately-valued capacitances, two elaborate calibration techniques are proposed that help to suppress the reference-induced distortion to less than 84 dB, effectively not degrading the SNDR. Designed for 12-bit SNR, the prototype ADC with the implemented reference scheme consumes 1.81 mW and achieves a Schreier FoM of 175.5 dB.
EP3 Receptor Deficiency Attenuates Vascular Remodeling and Cognitive Impairment in a Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Model

BackgroundAnti-hypertensive therapy has achieved effective but not complete results in treating cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), suggesting the necessity for additional treatments. Targeting abnormal inflammatory responses has become a research interest. Inhibition of E-prostanoid 3(EP3) receptor has been shown to attenuate vascular remodeling in peripheral organs, but little is known about its role in CSVD. Here, we investigated whether the deletion of EP3 attenuates the development of CSVD.MethodsStroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rat (RHRsp) was used as an animal model of CSVD. The effect of EP3 deletion on the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) in cerebral small arteries of RHRsp was detected by immunofluorescence. Changes in cognitive function and cerebral blood flow (CBF) of RHRsp were evaluated using the Morris water maze test and MRI. In vitro experiments with primary rat brain microvascular smooth muscle cells were used to confirm whether the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) signal takes part in the processResultsCerebral small arteries of RHRsp exhibited increased EP3 expression. Despite no alleviation in hypertension, the deletion of EP3 still reduced the overexpression of ECM in the cerebral small arteries of RHRsp. In vitro experiments indicated that EP3 deletion regulated the expression of ECM by downregulating TGF-β1/Smad signaling. EP3 knockout further attenuated the cognitive impairment of the RHRsp possibly through increased CBF. ConclusionTogether, our results indicate that the deletion of EP3 attenuates the vascular remodeling and vascular cognitive impairment induced by hypertension, and blockade of the EP3 receptor may be a promising strategy for the treatment of CSVD.
Development of a Lorentz force drive system for a torsional paddle microresonator using Focused Ion Beam machining

This thesis focuses on the concept, design, fabrication and characterisation of a torsional micro paddle resonator. The ultimate intention is to use the device for rapid detection of anthrax bacteria. A comprehensive research was carried out to review the state of the art in MEMS based mass sensing. Various driving and detection strategies were investigated and discussed. Based on evidence from literature, a novel approach was adopted to realise a device with improved functionality and overcome currently existing drawbacks. The working principle of the proposed device is based on electromagnetic actuation and monitoring of the shift in resonance frequency of a micro paddle. The design of the paddle was optimised using theoretical and finite element methods. Dual beam Focused Ion Beam (FIB) machining techniques were used to fabricate the prototype devices. The chosen substrate is a LPCVD 200 nm thick silicon nitride membrane. Prior to milling the substrate, the sputtering rate of silicon nitride was validated experimentally to ensure machining stability. Different actuating pattern designs were fabricated to generate torque including micro spiral coil, micro dual loop, and single conductive track on the micro paddle. The geometry was finalised for a defined working condition of 1 MHz resonance frequency. Important fabrication parameters were discussed and damage prevention issues were investigated. The sensitivity to the added mass was experimentally characterised and found to be 2.35 fg/Hz. To characterise the asymmetrical paddle resonator, piezoelectric excitation was applied to the device and a laser Doppler vibrometer was used to record the resonant frequency. Resonant frequencies of 0.841 and 0.818 MHz were detected by testing the device in an air medium and a quality factor of about 300 was calculated by applying a Lorentzian curve fit to collected data.
SURFACE CHEMICAL METHODS OF DISPLACING WATER AND/OR OILS AND SALVAGING FLOODED EQUIPMENT. PART 2. FIELD EXPERIENCE IN RECOVERING EQUIPMENT DAMAGED BY FIRE ABOARD USS CONSTELLATION AND EQUIPMENT SUBJECTED TO SALT-SPRAY ACCEPTANCE TEST

Abstract : The surface chemical techniques previously developed in this Laboratory for the removal of oily and/or electrolyte contamination and the displacement of water from electrical and electronic equipment has been field tested in two major equipment recovery projects. One project was the reconditioning of electronic equipment damaged by water, smoke, and heat during the fire aboard the aircraft carrier CONSTELLATION, and the other was the removal of salt residues from airborne radar equipment after salt-spray environmental testing. Both operations were highly successful. In the course of the work additional cleaning techniques employing more aggressive cleaning chemicals were devised and fitted into the integrated salvage procedure in such a way as to obviate damage from overtreatment and eliminate electrolyte residues otherwise left by aggressive cleaning agents.
Modeling and Design of Cascaded h-bridge type multi-level Inverters up to Thirty-one level for the Reduction and Performance Improvement

Multilevel inverter (MLI) becomes more popular in high voltage DC (HVDC) applications, power electronic converters and drives. This paper describes the simulation of single phase multilevel cascaded H-bridge inverter. Simulation of three level, five level, thirteen level, fifteen, twenty-one, thirty-one level inverters are done in MATLAB/ Simulink. The switching schemes, and topologies are discussed in detail here up to thirty-one levels. This paper discusses the voltage level to achieve sinusoidal waveform & compare different voltage level by increasing the level through simulation. The closed loop space-vector based pulse width modulation technique is adopted for effective controlling and lower harmonic voltage conversion. The comparative results are presented for multilevel inverter up-to thirty-one level which shows the total harmonic distortion (THD) is decreased as the number of voltage level rises.
FANGIRLS AND FAKE NEWS: DIGITAL ETHNOGRAPHY AND THE AFFECTS OF FANDOM

This paper draws on a digital ethnography conducted via Twitter, of a controversial subnetwork of fans of boyband One Direction known as “Larries”. The Larry fandom is built around imagining a romantic relationship exists between One Direction band members Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson, referred to by the portmanteau “Larry”. Imagining relationships between celebrities is a controversial practice known in fan communities as “Real Person Slash” (RPS). For this practice Larries have been framed within popular media as conspiracy theorists. Our study sought to examine whether a more complex and nuanced understanding of the fandom was possible, particularly regarding relationships and community building in this fandom. Through digital ethnographic methods, we explored how the practices of Larries create a space in which new and unexpected desires, identities, intimacies and relations are constituted. Between March and July 2018, we followed approximately 490 public accounts, kept a fieldnote diary, and conducted semi-structured interviews with seven active users via direct messenger. Conducting observations on a daily basis over an extended period as regular fans would, we became privy to the highs, lows, excitement, and tensions of the group, that may be otherwise obscured. This study raises questions about what might be missed in studying controversial groups at a macro level only. This paper considers the benefits of undertaking qualitative digital ethnographic work and discuss the affective flows of digital networks on social media that might remain obscured by other digital methods.
Risk Factors for Parachute Injuries and Airborne Student Observations on the Parachute Ankle Brace

Abstract : A questionnaire was administered to 1,956 students in Army Airborne training as part of an effort by the Military Training Task Force (MTTF) of the Defense Safety Oversight Council (DSOC) to evaluate the parachute ankle brace (PAB). Information provided by the questionnaire identified potential injury risk factors and comments on the PAB. Risk factors for injuries in the past year included service branch, Airborne recycling, less physical activity, older age, greater body weight, higher BMI, and (among Army personnel) slower 2-mile run time. Risk factors for jump week injuries included higher rank, longer time in service, older age, Airborne recycling, height, more body weight, not wearing the PAB, aircraft exit problems, an injury in the past year, and (for Army men) fewer push-ups and slower 2-mile run time. Students who had worn the brace were more likely to have favorable comments on the PAB compared with those who had not worn it. Most negative PAB comments were related to the heel strap and an improvement has been proposed and is in production. Students complained that the PAB rubbed on the legs, shin, ankle, and calf; this might be associated with the heel strap or pulling the ankle strap to tight; this problem might be alleviated by the strap improvement and/or better guidance on appropriate tightness for the ankle straps. Students also complained of difficulty in keeping the feet and knees together when wearing the PAB. This could be a matter of perception or some adaptation and accommodation may be required in this area.
Pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyao San in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome based on network pharmacology

Background : Xiaoyao San(XYS) has been widely used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), but its mechanism is not clear. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the mechanism of XYS in the treatment of PCOS from the aspects of active components, targets and pathways. The purpose of the study is to explore the molecular mechanism of XYS in the treatment of PCOS. Methods : TCMSP database, UniProt and Perl were used to screen and collect the active components and targets of XYS. The genes related to PCOS were searched in GeneCards database. Collect the related targets of PCOS and XYS, use STRING database and Cytoscape software to process the data visually and analyze topology, and screen the key components and targets in the network. The key targets were enriched by R Project to predict the mechanism of XYS in the treatment of PCOS. Results : 68 active components and 96 drug targets in XYS were screened out. 3648 PCOS related disease targets were collected. 66 targets of XYS for PCOS treatment were obtained after analysis. 21 key targets of NCOA2, PGR, PTGS1, PPARG and AR were constructed after topology analysis. 63 biological functions and 111 biological pathways were obtained after gene ontology(GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) Pathway enrichment analysis. Conclusions : XYS has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and multi-path. This study discussed the active components, targets and potential mechanism of XYS in the treatment of PCOS, which provided a new direction for further study of the mechanism of XYS in the treatment of PCOS, and provides more ideas for clinical treatment of PCOS.
A Low-Power Class-AB Residue Amplifier for a 12bit 500MS/sec Pipeline ADC with Digital Calibration

This work mainly focuses on designing a low-power class-AB residue amplifier for a 12bit 500MS/sec pipeline ADC with digital calibration. A foreground ideal calibration test bench has been implemented in MATLAB to correct non-linearities of the amplifier up to the 5th order. A detailed comparison has been made between a class-A amplifier and a class-AB amplifier. Simulation results show that the class-AB amplifier outperforms the class-A amplifier in all performance aspects such as gain, bandwidth, linearity, noise and power consumption, except for the CMRR. A new class-AB amplifier topology has been proposed, which alleviates problems associated with the level shifting capacitors. Due to an insufficient accuracy of the proposed class-AB amplifier in order to save power, the residue output signal from the flip-around MDAC topology becomes distorted. To resolve this problem, the flip-around MDAC has been replaced by a simple charge amplifier MDAC topology. Timing scheme of the pipeline ADC has been modified due to remove the timing related problems and ISI. In addition, layout of the first stage MDAC has been done in TSMC 40nm CMOS technology. Post-layout simulations have shown an excellent Figure-of-Merit (FOM) of 8.08fJ/conv, at an ENOB of 10.8bit and signal bandwidth of 250MHz, which prove that the design is not only energy efficient, but also have a superior speed-resolution product.
Upgrading packaged software: an exploratory study of decisions, impacts, and coping strategies from the perspectives of stakeholders

Packaged software is widely adopted and has become an integral part of most organizations' IT portfolios. Once packaged software is adopted, upgrades to subsequent versions appear to be inevitable. To date, research on packaged software upgrade has not received the attention that it warrants, as academic research continues to focus on initial technology adoption. To explore this understudied yet important area, three research questions were proposed: (1) What influences the decision to upgrade packaged software? (2) How do stakeholders cope with software upgrade? (3) How does a packaged software upgrade affect stakeholders? A qualitative research method was used to study the research questions. Two cases were conducted at a Fortune 500 company located in the Southeastern region of United States. The first case studied Windows 2000 upgrades and the second case studied SAP 4.6C upgrade. A theoretical model with six components was induced from the study; the components are decision, motivating forces, contingency forces, planned strategies, corrective actions, and impacts. Upgrade decisions are the outcome of interaction between motivating forces that can originate from internal and external environments, and contingency forces. A decision to upgrade will lead to both positive and negative impacts as experienced by users and IT groups. However, stakeholders' experiences differ according to the types of software and also their roles in the company. Two types of strategies were observed in the study: planned strategies and corrective actions. Planned strategies were used to tackle anticipated issues, and corrective actions were adopted to solve ad hoc problems when negative impacts arose. Both strategies can affect the final outcome of impacts. Finally, in the event a corrective action was used, there is a chance that it will become a permanent planned strategy.
The whole chloroplast genome in Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench

ABSTRACT Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is a vegetable crop with health benefits. Despite its medicinal properties have attracted much attention from scientists, the mechanisms of phylotaxonomy, evolution and photosynthesis remain unclear. This study was carried out to determine the entire cp genome sequences from three different varieties in okra through Illumina Hiseq technology. The results revealed that a total of 132 genes were identified in each cp, including 88 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. Of them, there were 15 intron-containing genes, including 5 tRNA genes and 10 protein-coding genes, almost all of which have a single intron except for ycf3 and rps12. Furthermore, in total, 72 SSRs were identified in each cp genome. It is notable that the three cp genomes have exhibited high sequence similarity. Finally, phylogenomic analysis uncovered that Abelmoschus species were well supported as monophyletic, which is close to Talipariti hamabo species. Our findings provide significant information for identifying species, exploring the origin and evolution of okra.
Integrating research, modelling and decision making: A network and knowledge processing approach for sustainable management of a coral reef

A large scale research program has been developed for Ningaloo Reef Western Australia. Significant contributions are being made by a variety of university and government researchers. There are at least fifty stand alone research projects currently underway. Many of these have been organised under umbrella organisations such as the WA Marine Science Institute (WAMSI), CSIRO's Wealth from Oceans Flagship and its associated cluster (a joint CSIRO and multiple Universities Research Program). Research varies from bathymetry through studies of fish species to the social science of visitor behaviour. One of the significant activities is the development of models of various types that will serve as a major integrating output. While there is an "all encompassing" model (InVitro) there are also activities to incorporate qualitative modelling and "user friendly" modelling of components. The intent is that these efforts will result in informed decision makers and managers who will have tools that they will regularly use to reach intelligent decisions that enable them to manage the uncertainties associated with what is a complex socio-ecological system. To help ensure that adoption happens, CSIRO's Wealth from Oceans Flagship created a small "client outreach" project, the purpose of which was to monitor the decision support needs of government and to help match these with the outcomes of the modelling. Initially this was considered to be a relatively simple process of maintaining and developing key links with decision makers and with the modellers and in a relatively straightforward way act as knowledge brokers. We were soon to realise however that our simple expectations contained a number of pitfalls that required examination and that there would be many challenges in demonstrating that the research activities and modelling did in fact have a positive impact for the reef. These challenges related among other things to understanding the role of formal and informal networks in creating understanding and implementing decisions, the nature of knowledge exchange requirements in decision making, the ability of individuals to think in dynamic systems terms, and the conceptual and methodological issues associated with evaluating how any adoption of the models may have improved the decisions made and the management implementation of these decisions. This paper describes progress in defining and addressing these issues which we believe to be common to all large scale multidisciplinary research programs. Nevertheless they are particularly relevant to modelling exercises that are conducted to integrate research and provide useful decision support tools for policy and management. While discussing each of the above issues separately suggestions are made for an integrated approach for assisting and evaluating the impact of models in the context of ecosystem management.
THE RESPONSE OF SOILS TO DYNAMIC LOADINGS; REPORT 26, FINAL REPORT

Abstract : The report deals with the role of soil mechanics with regard to weapons effects prediction and protective construction design. It assesses the state-of-the-art as of 1967, and summarizes all the research performed under the contract as well as contributions by other investigators. Results from field experiments and theoretical analyses are interpreted so as to show the relation between soil properties and such phenomena as crater size and shape, ground motions, and response of buried structures. Chapters deal specifically with the evaluation of dynamic uniaxial strain and dynamic shear strength, and with the relation between seismic wave velocity and soil properties. Appendix A contains abstracts of the 25 earlier reports issued under the contract. Appendix B gives a brief history of the MIT soil dynamics contract.