Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PROSPECÇÃO FITOQUÍMICA E AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ANTIBACTERIANA E TOXICIDADE DO LÁTEX DE CALOTROPIS PROCERA (ASCLEPIDACEAE)

Calotropis procera (Asclepidaceae), e uma especie lactifera e arborea tipica de areas com baixos niveis de pluviosidade e solos pobres em nutrientes. Na medicina popular suas folhas e seu latex sao utilizados no tratamento de ulceras, tumores e doencas hepaticas. A prospeccao fitoquimica das fracoes hexano, acetato de etila, metanol e agua do extrato do seu latex mostrou a presenca de metabolitos como: flavonas, flavonois, xantonas, flavononois, esteroides e alcaloides. Todas as fracoes, exceto a hexano, demonstraram atividade antibacteriana contra linhagens Gram-negativas, merecendo destaque a fracao aquosa por apresentar o melhor resultado frente a P. aeruginosa com CIM de 128 µg/mL. Os ensaios de toxicidade foram realizados frente a Artemia salina e indicaram resultados significativos para as fracoes acetato de etila e metanolica com CL 50 de 10,0 e 16,5 µg/mL, respectivamente. Palavras-chaves: C. procera, latex, atividade antibacteriana, toxicidade, prospeccao fitoquimica Abstract Calotropis procera (Asclepidaceae) is lactiferous and arboreous specie found in areas presenting low pluviosity and nutrient-poor ground. In popular medicine, its leaves and latex are used to treat gastric ulcers, tumours and hepatic diseases. The phytochemical prospection of hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous fractions from extract and latex showed the presence of metabolites like flavones, flavonols, xantones, flavononols, steroids and alkaloids. All fractions, except the hexane, demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram-negative strains. However the aqueous fraction presented the best result against P. aeruginosa (MIC 128 µg/mL). The toxicity assays were performed using the Artemia salina method and the ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions showed significative results (LC50 10.0 e 16.5 µg/mL, respectively).
Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structures of Two New Zinc(II) Complexes with Schiff Bases

Two Schiff base compounds, 2-[(3-dimethylaminopropylimino)methyl]phenol (L1) and 2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[(3-methylaminopropylimino)methyl]phenol (L2), react with zinc bromide in methanol solutions, respectively, to give two mononuclear complexes, [ZnBr2L1] (1) and [ZnBr2L2]· 0.5H2O (2). Both complexes were characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods. X-ray crystallography indicates that the Zn atom in each complex is in a tetrahedral coordination.
PENGARUH CHITOSAN BEADS DAN CHITOSAN BEADS IKAT SILANG ASAM SITRAT SEBAGAI PENURUN KADAR FOSFAT DAN ABS (Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate) PADA LIMBAH LAUNDRY

Chitosan b eads merupakan salah satu modifikasi dari c hitosan yang dapat menambah kereaktifan gugus fungsinya. Chitosan b ead s diikat silangkan dengan asam sitrat 0,5 % kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan uji swelling dan FT-IR untuk mengetahui kemampuan dalam menyerap limbah fosfat dan ABS ( Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate ) menggunakan waktu dan pH optimum serta diukur kadarnya menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil uji swelling ch itosan bead s lebih kecil dibandingkan persentase swelling pada ch itosan bead s terikat silang asam sitrat yaitu sebesar 147,0297% dan 194,7059% sehingga memiliki kemampuan penyerapan air yang kurang baik untuk adsorpsi atau filtrasi karena berat molekul dan tingkat kerapatan molekulnya lebih besar. Pada hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa c hitosan b eads ikat silang asam sitrat memiliki kemampuan penyerapan dan tingkat protonasi lebih baik yang ditunjukkan pada penurunan kadar fosfat dan ABS ( Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate ) pada limbah laundry sebesar 71,662% dan 79,460%.
A STUDY ON THE EXTRACTION OF CD(II), CO(II) AND NI(II) IONS BY BIS (2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHOSPHORIC ACID AND 2-THENOYLTRIFLUOROACETONE

Keep in mind the importance of cadmium, cobalt and nickel ions as environmentally and economically strategic heavy metals, the application of two acidic extractants, named bis(2-diethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA) and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA), was assessed for the extraction-recovery of these ions from leached solution of spent rechargeable Ni-Cd batteries. The conditions for leaching of metal contents in solid materials of the batteries were optimized. The effect of parameters influencing the process for achieving to an efficient and selective extraction of Cd, Co and Ni ions from synthetic samples and leach liquor of spent Ni-Cd batteries was investigated.
One-pot synthesis of carbon-coated Ni5P4 nanoparticles and CoP nanorods for high-rate and high-stability lithium-ion batteries

Carbon-coated transition-metal phosphide (TMPs@C) nanocomposites, including Ni5P4@C nanoparticles and CoP@C nanorods, have been fabricated via a simply developed synthetic route from the reaction of organometallic sources with triphenylphosphine (PPh3) in a sealed quartz tube. These nanocomposites as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) exhibit excellent rate capability and highly stable cycling performances. Typically, the Ni5P4@C nanoparticles present 612 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2C, 462 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles at 1.0C and 424 mA h g−1 at 5.0C, and the CoP@C nanorods demonstrate 654 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2C, 530 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles at 1.0C, and 384 mA h g−1 at 5.0C, respectively, which would be of great potential in energy storage and conversion.
Treatment of flat and hollow substrates by a pure nitrogen flowing post discharge. Application to ba

Recently, the bactericidal efficiency of a low-pressure plasma process using a pure N 2 flowing post discharge was demonstrated [Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 34, 143 (2006)]. In order to use this process for the decontamination of medical fiberscopes and endoscopes and more generally for the industrial decontamination of hollow bodies, the ability of the nitrogen atoms (which are believed to be the main decontamination agent) to flow in low diameter tubes (between 2 and 8 mm i.d.) without massive destruction is checked. The dependence of the N-atom concentration with the length, the internal diameter and the material of the tubes is studied and quantified. It is shown that the N-atom concentrations measured at the outlet of a polyamide tube of 6 m in length and of a 0.2 m long stainless steel tube are sufficient enough to provide high inactivation levels.
Statistical correlation of physical parameters with sound velocity in marine sediments of South and East China Seas

The statistical correlation of the physical parameters with sound velocity in marine sediments is presented based on the data acquired from both South and East China Seas. Firstly the optimal empirical equation is obtained by app lying the least-squares method. Then the important parameters which mainly affect the sound velocity in sediments are identified. Finally the patterns of marine sound velocity structures are presented and discussed.
In situ formation and rapid decomposition of Ti(BH4)3 by mechanical milling LiBH4 with TiF3

Mechanically milled 3LiBH(4)/TiF(3) mixture can rapidly release over 5 wt % hydrogen at moderate temperatures (70-90 degrees C) without undesired gas impurity. Structure analyses results show that the favorable dehydrogenation performance of the material should be associated with the in situ formation and rapid decomposition of an intermediate titanium borohydride (Ti(BH(4))(3)). These findings demonstrated a viable chemical activation approach for promoting hydrogen release from the thermodynamically stable borohydrides. Particularly, it shows the potential of transition metal borohydrides for hydrogen storage applications.
Enhanced natural attenuation of organic chemical contaminants in groundwater.

This thesis presents an investigation into the enhanced natural attenuation of organic chemicals in groundwater. The focus of the research was directed towards the organic chemicals benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, 1,2- dichloroethane and vinyl chloride, which were found to exist at a contaminated site located in the United Kingdom. A conceptual model was developed for the study site, based on the findings of previous consultant studies and investigations which were carried out solely for the purposes of this research. Sample collection and analytical procedures were designed to yield results, which could further define contamination issues at the study site, so that remedial measures could be appropriately developed. Lab-based microcosm treatability studies were carried out in order to determine the degradation potential of DCA, benzene and ethylbenzene under various enhanced conditions. The enhancements were selected in order to facilitate different degradation mechanisms for the organic contaminants, including aerobic respiration and reductive dechlorination. The microcosms were monitored for chemical and microbiological changes. A hydrogen release compound (HRC ) treatment was found to effectively degrade DCA and benzene under anaerobic conditions. A microorganism containing genetic sequence similarities with Desulfitobacterium dichloroeliminans bacteria was detected within the HRC -enhanced microcosms, indicating that reductive dechlorination was the likely degradation mechanism for DCA. The use of HRC is recommended as an enhancement for the natural attenuation of organic contaminants at the study site.
Organic−Inorganic Hybrid Liquid Crystals: Thermotropic Mesophases Formed by Hybridization of Liquid-Crystalline Phosphates and Monodispersed α-Fe2O3 Particles

A novel organic-inorganic hybrid thermotropic liquid crystal (LC) is developed by the hybridization of an organic phosphate having a mesogenic core and monodispersed alpha-Fe2O3 particles with different shapes through the specific adsorption of the phosphate group to the surfaces parallel to the c-axis of the alpha-Fe2O3. The hybrid LC shows thermotropic nematic or cubic liquid-crystallinity in wide ranges of temperatures. Variable-temperature small-angle X-ray measurements reveal that the spontaneous formation of periodic structure by the hybridization induces the thermotropic liquid crystallinity. This technique would lead development of novel types of dynamic functional materials with multi-responsiveness to magnetic and electric fields.
Extraction of Kiwifruit Seed (Actinidia Deliciosa) Oil Using Compressed Propane

This study reports the extraction of kiwifruit seed oil using compressed propane as solvent and its modeling based on the Brunauer–ETmmett–Teller theory of adsorption. Temperature and pressure were the variables investigated on the kinetics of extraction. The overall extraction yields were compared with the Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane. Most of extraction conditions using compressed propane have presented high extraction rates and overall extraction yield of 31.7 ± 1.4%. The kinetic model used showed to be able and very reliable to correlate the different conditions of extraction with compressed propane. Furthermore, the alternative extraction technique investigated in this work was found to be suitable for the oil extraction from kiwifruit seeds after short times of extraction. Practical Applications Compressed propane extraction is an environment-friendly technology that can be efficiently used in oilseed extractions. A product that is free of residual solvent and without degradation of thermolabile compounds highlights the use of compressed propane as solvent for applications in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The kiwifruit seed oil, which is predominately constituted by α-linolenic acid (ALA), was efficiently extracted using compressed propane with a maximum extraction yield in a short time of extraction. The mathematical model applied to represent the kinetics of extraction is based on three parameters with physical meaning and it may be easily and reliably used in modeling, design, simulation and optimization, as well as in the scale-up of this extraction process.
Fundamentals of tri-block copolymer self-assembly in solutions, and its relation to nano-templating

The purpose of this thesis is to obtain a better understanding of the formation mechanism of mesoporous silica materials, such as SBA-15 that use block copolymers as templating agents. Despite the fact that these materials are now extensively synthesized, the fundamental role of the different synthesis variables has not been determined on the basis of a detailed physical chemical study. Such a synthesis typically starts with the formation of spherical micelles that are converted into long cylindrical micelles during silica hydrolysis and condensation. As a result, a silica matrix with hexagonally ordered mesopores is obtained, after removing the micelles by extraction or calcination. The interactions between the block copolymer and the various additives (silica, acids, salts, solvents) during the first steps of the synthesis in solution are believed to play an important role in the creation of these highly structured materials. Therefore, the emphasis of this thesis lays on providing fundamental information on the self-assembly process of the tri-block copolymer P123 (EO20PO70EO20), typically used in the synthesis of SBA-15, at conditions that mimic those of mesoporous materials synthesis as closely as possible.
SEPARATION OF CLUSIANONE FROM CLUSIA FLUMINENSIS PLANCH. AND TRIANA (CLUSIACEAE) BY HIGH SPEED COUNTER-CURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY (HSCCC)

The floral resins of the genus Clusia L. (Clusiaceae Lindl.) mainly consist of polyisoprenylated benzophenones, a class of substances which is noteworthy due to its broad spectrum of biological activities. This paper describes the isolation of clusianone from the male flowers of Clusia fluminensis Planch. & Triana, a native species from the Brazilian coast, using, for the first time, high-speed counter-current chromatography with a nonaqueous solvent system composed of n-hexane–acetonitrile–methanol (2:1.25:0.5, v/v/v) in 2 hr, with purity higher than 90%.
Production, concentration, and isolation of transparent exopolymeric particles using paramagnetic functionalized microspheres

We describe a new method to isolate and concentrate transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP), either naturally occurring or produced by phytoplankton in cultures. The principles of this method are to use TEP‐sticking properties coupled with magnetic properties of paramagnetic microspheres to magnetically and selectively concentrate TEP. First, we studied the formation of mixed aggregates of TEP and 1‐µm microspheres using the bubbling method. TEP precursors were obtained from diatom cultures and from natural seawater. Mixed aggregates of TEP‐microspheres were efficiently formed—all TEP formed were associated with microspheres, and no clusters of microspheres alone were observed. The number of attached microspheres scaled with TEP size raised to an exponent of 1.53. The second step was to combine TEP with paramagnetic microspheres and isolate and concentrate the TEP by flowing out the solution containing mixed aggregates inside a strong magnetic field. About 90% of the magnetically labeled TEP were trapped inside the magnetic field. TEP volume concentration measured inside the magnetic field after isolation was about 5 times the initial TEP volume concentration. However, the predicted concentration factor, estimated from the relationship between number of attached microspheres versus TEP size, and the TEP size spectra in the initial solution was ~9. This suggests that TEP observed after isolation inside the magnetic field may be compacted and/or that a fraction of the TEP pool inside the magnetic field may remain glued to the inner walls of the culture flask and, thus, the observed TEP size spectra could be underestimated.
Examination of Secondary School (5th-8th Grades) Physical Training and Sports Teaching Program According to Taxonomies.

The aim of this study is to examine the learning outcomes of physical training and sports teaching programs (5 th 8 th grades) which have been re vised in 2018 according to cognitive, affective and psychomotor taxonomies. Document analysis method had been used in the study. The document of this study is established from physical training and sports teaching programs (5 th -8 th grades) which have been revised in 2018. 61 (%50) of 122 learning outcomes which have been given in the teaching program are related with cognitive field , 29 (%23,77) of them are related with affective field and 32 (%26,23) of them are related with psychomotor field. Mostly cognitive field learning outcomes are existent in 5 th and 6 th grades, affective ones in 8 th grades and psychomotor field exist in 7 th grades. Whereas factual knowledge does not take place in all class levels in knowledge dimension of the program, it has been observed that the learning outcomes mostly have been in conceptual knowledge dimension and in the frame of cognitive process they have been concentrated on in application process. It has been determined that the learning outcomes related to affective field mostly concentrate on 8 th grades and sub -level of giving value, the learning outcomes related to psychomotor field mostly concentrate on 5 th , 6 th ,and 7 th grades and grades and sub level of transforming to a skill.
A facile approach to alleviate photochemical degradation in high efficiency polymer solar cells

In this paper, it is found that residual 1,8-diiodoctane (DIO) which is used as a solvent additive in the manufacture of high-performance polymer solar cells accelerates chemical degradation of the donor polymer PBDTTT-EFT under light and air exposure especially in its blend with PC71BM. Here we report an anti-solvent treatment which can significantly improve device stability while maintaining a device efficiency of ~ 9%. The morphological changes after anti-solvent treatment are also investigated by a combination of synchrotron based techniques.
Analysis of essential oils isolated by steam distillation from Swinglea glutinosa fruits and leaves

Essential oils obtained by steam distillation from Swinglea glutinosa (Blanco) Merr. fruit peel or leaves were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometry detection systems. A total of sixty-seven compounds were found, sixty-four of which were common to both oils, although present in different relative amounts. The main component of the essential oils obtained from S. glutinosa fruit peel or leaves was trans-nerolidol (19.1% and 28.4%, respectively). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (50%) and their oxygenated analogues (35%) were the most abundant compound types in the leaf oil. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (51%) were the principal compound family found in the oil obtained from fruit peels.
Minimum Consistent Subset for Trees Revisited

In a vertex-colored graph $G = (V, E)$, a subset $S \subseteq V$ is said to be consistent if every vertex has a nearest neighbor in $S$ with the same color. The problem of computing a minimum cardinality consistent subset of a graph is known to be NP-hard. On the positive side, Dey et al. (FCT 2021) show that this problem is solvable in polynomial time when input graphs are restricted to bi-colored trees. In this paper, we give a polynomial-time algorithm for this problem on $k$-colored trees with fixed $k$.
New instrumental methods in electrochemistry : theory, instrumentation, and applications to analytical and physical chemistry

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The Effects of Microwave Heating on the Isothermal Kinetics of Chemicals Reactions and Physicochemical Processes

Microwave heating is a widely accepted, non-conventional energy source which is now applied in numerous fields. In many of the examples published in the literature, microwave heating has been shown to lead to dramatically reduce reaction times, increased product yields and enhanced product purities by reducing unwanted side reactions compared to the conventional method of heating. Several reviews have been published on the application of microwaves in organic synthesis (Kingston & Haswall, 1997; Loupy, 2002), polymer synthesis (Bogdal & Prociak, 2007), material science (Perelaer et al., 2006), nanotechnology (Tsuji et. al., 2005), homogeneous and heterogeneous catalyses (Larhed et. al., 2002; Will, et. al., 2004), medicinal chemistry (Shipe et. al., 2005), drug delivery (Kappe & Dallinger, 2006), biochemical processes (Collins & Leadbeather, 2007), synthesis of radioisotopes (Elander et. al., 2000), combination chemistry (Kimini et. al., 2000), green chemistry (Nücther et. al., 2004 ), sintering (Saberi et. al., 2009), ceramics (Vanderach, 2002), extraction (Luchesi, et. al., 2004), nucleation and crystallization (Sung et. al., 2007; Cundy 1998), annealing (Bhaskar, et. al., 2007), solid-state reactions (Li et. al., 2007), adsorption (Turner, 2000) and combustion (Y-Pee, et. al., 2005). The region of microwave radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum is located between infrared radiation and radio waves. Microwaves have wavelengths of 1 mm to 1 m, corresponding to frequencies between 0.3 and 300 GHz. In industrial and household microwave equipment, a frequency of 2.45 GHz with a wave number 12.2 cm is used. The process by which matter absorbs microwave energy is known as dielectric heating. Three mechanism of dielectric heating of materials under the influence of microwave irradiation are recognized: the dipolar polarization mechanism, the conduction mechanism and the interphase polarization mechanism (Gabriel, et. al., 1998). Microwave heating of materials which occurs due to the dipolar polarization mechanism is provoked by the molecular friction caused by the re-orientation of the dipole moments of the material under the influence of a microwave field, i.e., by the breaking and reforming of intermolecular bonds, due to which irreversible dissipation of the kinetic energy and thermal energy of the sample occurs. In the case when a substance contains mobile ions, the solvated ion due to attending the change in the oscillation of electrical component of the microwave field, increase the energy of collision and provokes the breakage and re-establishment of