Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modulation Equations for Roll Waves of a liquid film Down an Inclined Plane as a Power-Law Fluid

Roll waves of finite amplitude on a thin layer of non-Newtonian fluid modeled as a power-law fluid are considered. In the long wave approximation, the flow is governed by a non-homogeneous hyperbolic system of equations. As the linearized instability analysis of a uniform flow delivers only a diagnosis of instability, the nonlinear stability is investigated and the criterion for roll waves based on the hyperbolicity of the modulation equation is suggested. The main problem in defining the roll wave stability region on a roll wave diagram is due to the singularities of functions for the mean values and their derivatives near the boundaries of roll wave existence. Asymptotic formulae for nonlinear stability of roll waves of small and maximal amplitudes are derived. Numerical calculation reveals that for a Newtonian fluid, as the bottom inclination decreases downwardly the amplitude of admissible waves diminishes, and the stability domain reduces until it disappears. These results remain valid for a slightly non-Newtonian fluid. For highly non-Newtonian fluid, an inversion in the nature of stability is observed.
Loranthus pulverulentus: A Potent Source of Natural Antioxidants and Alternative Medicine

This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Loranthus pulverulentus. Stem bark, leaves, and seeds of Loranthus pulverulentus were extracted in methanol:water (90 : 10) and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol successively using partition chromatography. Total phenolic contents and antioxidant potential were checked using standard protocols. Total phenolic contents of all extracts were determined, using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, and ranged between 151 ± 2.1 and 396 ± 1.6 for stem bark, 137 ± 0.9 and 430 ± 2.2 for, and 39 ± 0.6 and 231 ± 1.7 for seeds. The antioxidant potential of extracts was evaluated; namely, DPPH, FRAP, and total antioxidant models. The ethyl acetate extract of stem-bark, leaves, and seeds showed the highest activity in DPPH (94.5 ± 2.1%, 96.30 ± 0.9%, and 92.30 ± 1.1%, IC50 15.9 ± 0.5 μg, 14.5 ± 0.8, and 102.7 ± 1.3, resp.), FRAP (7.7 ± 0.6, 7.5 ± 0.7 and 6.6 ± 0.7, resp.), and total antioxidant (0.95 ± 0.09, 1.19 ± 0.09, and 0.686 ± 0.08, resp.). Strong correlations were observed between total phenols versus total antioxidant activity, DPPH, and FRAP with R2 values ranging from 0.8185 to 0.9951 (stem-bark), 0.6728 to 0.8648 (leaves), and 0.8658 to 0.9910 (seed) which indicated that phenolic contents are the major constituents responsible for antioxidant activity.
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS, SELFEFFICACY, OPTIMISM AND HEALTH PROBLEMS: A STUDY OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN TAIWAN

This study attempts to investigate the relationship among high school teachers' occupational stress, self-efficacy, optimism and health problems. Participants in this study were 220 high school teachers. The survey method was used. Four questionnaires were used to form our research instruments in selfefficacy, optimism, work stress and health status scales. The results indicated that the most stressful element was recruiting new students. Changes taking place within education were the other source of occupational stress. General high school teachers face more changes taking place within the education system, but they have a lower level of recruitment-related stress. The results also show that male teachers have greater self-efficacy and optimism than female teachers. Occupational stress has an influence on health. Personal optimistic perception is a mediating influence on teachers’ health. The study suggests that teachers' cognition must be adjusted to promote optimism in dealing with stress and that cognition is influential in modifying health problems.
Do Bank Relationships Affect the Firm's Underwriter Choice in the Corporate-Bond Underwriting Market?

This paper studies the effect of bank relationships on underwriter choice in the U.S. corporate-bond underwriting market following the 1989 commercial-bank entry. I find that bank relationships have positive and significant effects on a firm's underwriter choice, over and above their effects on fees. This result is sharply stronger for junk-bond issuers and first-time issuers. I also find that there is a significant fee discount when there are relationships between firms and commercial banks. Finally, I find that serving as arranger of past loan transactions has the strongest effect on underwriter choice, whereas serving merely as participant has no effect.
Management of perennial weeds and nitrogen leaching in arable cropping systems

A crop rotation experiment was established in 1997 at three locations representing different soil types and climates. Three factors were tested: crop rotation, catch crop and manure. Catch crop reduced nitrate leaching, but prohibited stubble cultivation. The use of catch crops resulted in increased levels of perennial weeds (E. repens) at one location, while at another; the level of C. arvense was not affected by catch crops, when compared with the use of stubble cultivation. Management of perennial weeds should include considerations of where in a crop rotation to use stubble cultivation, and this should preferably not be after a pulse crop. Catch crops are a more profitable way to manage C. arvense than stubble cultivations.
Oil palm empty-fruit bunch application effects on the earthworm population and phenol contents under field conditions

The amounts of polyphenols at several stages of oil palm empty-fruit bunch (EFB) composting, the types of phenol compounds in several types of EFB composting processes and the effects of phenol compounds on EFB composting in an earthworm population were evaluated under field conditions. The amount of extractable phenols from decomposed EFB increased at the early stage of decomposition and decreased with increasing age of the EFB compost. The phenol content in soil with added EFB did not differ from that in the control soil. Under an open system and in the presence of soil, the phenol released from EFB easily degraded. The empty fruit bunches released phenol into their surroundings and no harmful effects were found on the earthworm population under the natural system. Using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) was identified in fresh EFB which was similar to the type of phenol compound in composted and field-decomposed EFB; 2,6- bis(1,1-dimethylethyl). In contrast, no phenolic compounds were detected in the vermicomposted EFB. This means that the vermicomposting process can be used to degrade toxic compounds such as phenol. Compared to normal compost, vermicompost contains fewer toxic compounds, which might be related to its advanced decomposition stages. Key words : Earthworm population, oil palm waste, EFB composting, phenolic compounds
An efficient method for analyzing measurement results on the example of thyroid ultrasound images

The paper presents a method which supports the choice of the clustering procedure and makes it possible to select parameters for most important steps in this process. This method was presented on the example of thyroid ultrasound images belonging to healthy individuals and patients suffering from Hashimoto's thyroiditis. 11 360 variants of clustering procedure were analyzed and optimal parameters for 4 different forms of data set have been chosen. Streszczenie. W pracy zaprezentowano metodę, która wspomaga wybór procedury grupowania obiektów i pozwala określić parametry dla najważniejszych etapów tego procesu. Działanie tej metody pokazano na przykładzie obrazów USG tarczycy należących do osób zdrowych i chorych na chorobę Hashimoto. Metoda pozwoliła przeanalizować 11 360 wariantów procedury grupowania i wybrać optymalne parametry dla czterech różnych postaci zbioru danych. (Wydajna metoda analizy wyników pomiarów na przykładzie badań USG).
Analysis of the determinants of Capital Structure in sugar and allied industry

This paper attempts to determine the capital structure of listed firms in the sugar and allied industry of Pakistan. The study finds that a specific industry’s capital structure exhibits unique attributes, which are usually not apparent in the combined analysis of many sectors as done by Shah & Hijazi (2005). The study took 33 firms in the sugar sector, listed at the Karachi Stock Exchange for the period 1999-2004 and analyzed the data by using pooled regression in a panel data analysis. Following the model developed by Rajan & Zingle (1995) it has chosen four independent variables i.e. firm size (measured by natural log of sales), tangibility of assets, profitability and growth and further analyzed the effects on leverage. The results, except for firm size and growth were found highly significant.
HIGHLY IONIZED Fe–K ABSORPTION LINE FROM CYGNUS X-1 IN THE HIGH/SOFT STATE OBSERVED WITH SUZAKU

We present observations of a transient He-like Fe Kα absorption line in Suzaku observations of the black hole binary Cygnus X-1 on 2011 October 5 near superior conjunction during the high/soft state, which enable us to map the full evolution from the start to the end of the episodic accretion phenomena or dips for the first time. We model the X-ray spectra during the event and trace their evolution. The absorption line is rather weak in the first half of the observation, but instantly deepens for ∼10 ks, and weakens thereafter. The overall change in equivalent width is a factor of ∼3, peaking at an orbital phase of ∼0.08. This is evidence that the companion stellar wind feeding the black hole is clumpy. By analyzing the line with a Voigt profile, it is found to be consistent with a slightly redshifted Fe xxv transition, or possibly a mixture of several species less ionized than Fe xxv. The data may be explained by a clump located at a distance of ∼1010–12 cm with a density of ∼10(− 13)–(− 11) g cm−3, which accretes onto and/or transits the line of sight to the black hole, causing an instant decrease in the observed degree of ionization and/or an increase in density of the accreting matter. Continued monitoring for individual events with future X-ray calorimeter missions such as ASTRO-H and AXSIO will allow us to map out the accretion environment in detail and how it changes between the various accretion states.
Study of parallel coupled‐line microstrip filter in broadband

A parallel coupled‐line microstrip filter is designed and implemented on PCB with its maximum bandwidth. In this paper, this filter has presented almost very good characteristics including the simulated bandwidth of 67%, the measured bandwidth of 64%, lower insertion loss of 1.27 dB, and flat response in the pass‐band. The maximum bandwidth fabricated on PCB shows good agreement with the theoretically calculated bandwidth of 70% due to the narrower gap size between the coupled lines. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 373–375, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21353
ECO INSPIRED BEES: A NOVEL FEATURE SELECTION MECHANISM FOR SENTIMENT ANALYSIS

Sentiment analysis also called as opinion mining is defined as the programmed learning of public’s opinion, evaluations, and sentiment on different events, objects as well as their respective properties. Recently, it created high impact in academia and industry due to number of growing research problems and various applications. Selecting the features play a vital role in supreme data mining tasks since it assists in the reduction of data dimensionality by leaving the non-relevant features behind. Present work applies the ecological concept of habitat, ecological relationship and ecological succession for building an Ecology-Inspired Optimization algorithm named as Ecology Inspired Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (EI-ABC). Proposed method uses various population of candidate solution which cooperates and coevolves with one another, as per the given meta-heuristic algorithm. Sentiments are classified by using two classifiers viz., K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Classification and Regression Tree (CART). Result suggests that the EI-ABC algorithm proves to be interesting alternative for numerical optimization. AMS Subject Classification: 62M10, 05C05, 92B20
Flexibel robotcontroller for RT-Middleware system

Nowadays the flexible configuration of manufacturing cells becomes to an important requirement especially at small and medium sized companies. This method can make the production fast and effective at small series or frequent manufacturing changes. The shop-floor control method – presented in this paper – offers a solution for the facing problem of fast and easy reconfiguration. The hardware of the controller designed modular with software components for online configuration. This solution allows sensor integration on different levels for every part of the manufacturing cell. With unified programming language and the machine specific controllers (post-processing) the cells can be defined easily by different types of human-machine interaction. The shop-floor control architecture is implemented and validated on an Adept SCARA robot. The robot is driven by standalone, low-level, interchangeable, software and hardware components.
Pattern Synthesis of Linear Antenna Arrays Using Enhanced Flower Pollination Algorithm

In this paper, a new variant of flower pollination algorithm (FPA), namely, enhanced flower pollination algorithm (EFPA), has been proposed for the pattern synthesis of nonuniform linear antenna arrays (LAA). The proposed algorithm uses the concept of Cauchy mutation in global pollination and enhanced local search to improve the exploration and exploitation tendencies of FPA. It also uses dynamic switching to control the rate of exploration and exploitation. The algorithm is tested on standard benchmark problems and has been compared statistically with state of the art to prove its worthiness. LAA design is a tricky and difficult electromagnetic problem. Hence to check the efficacy of the proposed algorithm it has been used for synthesis of four different LAA with different sizes. Experimental results show that EFPA algorithm provides enhanced performance in terms of side lobe suppression and null control compared to FPA and other popular algorithms.
Evaluating supervised learning approaches for spatial-domain multi-focus image fusion

Image fusion is the generation of an image that combines the most relevant information from a set of images of the same scene, acquired with different cameras or camera settings. Multi-Focus Image Fusion (MFIF) aims to generate an image with extended depth-of-field from a set of images taken at different focal distances or focal planes, and it proposes a solution to the typical limited depth-of-field problem in an optical system configuration. A broad variety of works presented in the literature address this problem. The primary approaches found there are domain transformations and block-of-pixels analysis. In this work, we evaluate different systems of supervised machine learning applied to MFIF, including k-nearest neighbors, linear discriminant analysis, neural networks, and support vector machines. We started from two images at different focal distances and divided them into rectangular regions. The main objective of the machine-learning-based classification system is to choose the parts of both images that must be in the fused image in order to obtain a completely focused image. For focus quantification, we used the most popular metrics proposed in the literature, such as: Laplacian energy, sum-modified Laplacian, and gradient energy, among others. The evaluation of the proposed method considered classifier testing and fusion quality metrics commonly used in research, such as visual information fidelity and mutual information feature. Our results strongly suggest that the automatic classification concept satisfactorily addresses the MFIF problem.
EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF THE ALUMINUM MARKET USING RANDOM WALK

An efficient market is one where prices of traded securities reflect all available information and adjust fully and quickly to new information. When one market is efficient changes in stock prices are unpredictable and therefore behave as a random walk. Our aim to test the efficiency of the international metals market by analyzing their behavior in the London Metal Exchange or LME for its acronym in English, and PLATTS developed by Mc Graw Hill Company. Both indicators are the primary benchmark to determine the base price for metal parts (aluminum) in the automotive industry. To do this, we take a monthly publication from January 2009 until August 2013, of the metal prices reported in PLATTS and LME. Various statistical tests were applied to determine the stationarity of the sample generated, such as the Autocorrelation Function, the Ljung-Box Test, the Unit Root Test, the Dickey-Fuller Test and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test. We concluded that the analyzed series are non-stationary for the case studied, showing a strong statistical evidence that, the international market of the aluminum is efficient and follows a random walk. Received: July 6, 2014 c © 2014 Academic Publications, Ltd. url: www.acadpubl. eu Correspondence author 498 C.M. Ibanez, G.P. Lechuga, F.V. Martinez AMS Subject Classification: 90A, 90B
Carbon emissions from land use and land-cover change

Abstract. The net flux of carbon from land use and land-cover change (LULCC) accounted for 12.5% of anthropogenic carbon emissions from 1990 to 2010. This net flux is the most uncertain term in the global carbon budget, not only because of uncertainties in rates of deforestation and forestation, but also because of uncertainties in the carbon density of the lands actually undergoing change. Furthermore, there are differences in approaches used to determine the flux that introduce variability into estimates in ways that are difficult to evaluate, and not all analyses consider the same types of management activities. Thirteen recent estimates of net carbon emissions from LULCC are summarized here. In addition to deforestation, all analyses considered changes in the area of agricultural lands (croplands and pastures). Some considered, also, forest management (wood harvest, shifting cultivation). None included emissions from the degradation of tropical peatlands. Means and standard deviations across the thirteen model estimates of annual emissions for the 1980s and 1990s, respectively, are 1.14 ± 0.23 and 1.12 ± 0.25 Pg C yr−1 (1 Pg = 1015 g carbon). Four studies also considered the period 2000–2009, and the mean and standard deviations across these four for the three decades are 1.14 ± 0.39, 1.17 ± 0.32, and 1.10 ± 0.11 Pg C yr−1. For the period 1990–2009 the mean global emissions from LULCC are 1.14 ± 0.18 Pg C yr−1. The standard deviations across model means shown here are smaller than previous estimates of uncertainty as they do not account for the errors that result from data uncertainty and from an incomplete understanding of all the processes affecting the net flux of carbon from LULCC. Although these errors have not been systematically evaluated, based on partial analyses available in the literature and expert opinion, they are estimated to be on the order of ± 0.5 Pg C yr−1.
Testing small unmanned aerial vehicles and ground photography for erosion monitoring

Quantifying the extent of soil erosion at a fine spatial resolution can be time consuming and costly; however, proximal remote sensing approaches to collect topographic data present an emerging alternative for quantifying soil volumes lost via erosion. Herein we compare terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and both aerial (UAV) and ground-based (GP) SfM derived topography. We compare the costeffectiveness and accuracy of both SfM techniques to TLS for erosion gully surveying in upland landscapes, treating TLS as a benchmark. Further, we quantify volumetric soil loss estimates from upland gullies using digital surface models derived by each technique and subtracted from an interpolated pre-erosion surface. Soil loss estimates from UAV and GP SfM reconstructions were comparable to those from TLS, whereby the slopes of the relationship between all three techniques were not significantly different from 1:1 line. Only for the TLS to GP comparison the intercept was significantly different from zero, showing that GP is more capable of measuring the volumes of very small erosion features. In terms of cost-effectiveness in data collection and processing time, both UAV and GP were comparable with the TLS on a per-site basis (13.4 and 8.2 person-hours versus 13.4 for TLS); however GP was less suitable for surveying larger areas (127 person-hours per ha versus 4.5 for UAV and 3.9 for TLS). Annual repeat surveys using GP were capable of detecting mean vertical erosion change on peaty soils. These first published estimates of whole gully erosion rates (0.077 m a) suggest that combined erosion
Insights into the characterization of ars genes in the biomining bacterium Acidithiobacillus caldus SM-1

Acidithiobacillus caldus is an extremely acidophilic, moderately thermophilic, chemoautotrophic bacterium, which has been used to treat gold-bearing arsenopyrite ores. The arsenic resistance system (ars operon) was responsible for arsenic resistance of A. caldus. To investigate the characterization of ars genes, we analyzed 12 ars genes in A. caldus SM-1 using the bioinformatics database and softwares. Their amino acid composition and physical and chemical characteristics were predicted. Secondary structure simulations revealed that the dominant patterns were predicted to be alpha helix and random coil among the 12 ars proteins. Three-dimensional structure analysis showed that there totally existed three major types of three-dimensional structure of the 12 ars proteins in A. caldus SM-1. Subcellular localization of these proteins indicated that these ars proteins were mainly located in the bacterial cytoplasm, while Atc_0977, Atc_1809 and Atc_m110 were especially localized in bacterial inner membrane. Furthermore, DNA-binding residues in ArsR proteins and binding sites of ArsC-As were predicted. Phylogeny analysis revealed that A. caldus, A. ferrooxidans, A. ferrivorans and A. thiooxidans were well-supported group based on ArsB and ArsC sequences data. This bioinformatics analysis of ars genes could help in probing to the arsenic resistance of A. caldus SM-1.
Canadian In-Service Teachers' Concerns, Efficacy, and Attitudes about Inclusive Teaching.

The study examined concerns, attitudes, and teacher efficacy of 131 in-service, Kindergarten to Grade 8 teachers in three school divisions in Manitoba, Canada. Analyses were conducted to identify the relationships between teachers’ back-ground variables, their attitudes and concerns about teaching in inclusive classrooms, and their efficacy for inclusive teaching. In addition, potential effects of training in special education on teachers’ concern level were examined. Partic-ipants who had undertaken some training in special education had lower degrees of concerns about teaching in inclusive classrooms. We discuss the implications of these findings and how addressing in-service teachers’ concerns could enhance their attitudes about inclusive teaching and their overall teacher efficacy. ISSN 1918-5227 Pages 5971 Follow this and additional works at: http://ir.lib. uwo.ca/eei This Article is brought to you by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Exceptionality Education International by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact jspecht@uwo.ca. Recommended Citation Sokal, L. , & Sharma, U. (2014) Canadian In-service Teachers’ Concerns, Efficacy, and Attitudes about Inclusive Teaching. Exceptionality Education International, 23, 59-71. Retrieved from http://ir.lib. uwo.ca/eei/vol23/iss1/5 Exceptionality Education International 2013, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 59–71 ISSN 1918-5227 59 Canadian In-service Teachers’ Concerns, Efficacy, and Attitudes about Inclusive Teaching Laura Sokal University of Winnipeg Umesh Sharma Monash University