Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of one-second light pulses on testicular function and locomotor activity in the golden hamster.

The effects of 1-sec light pulses on testicular size and the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity in male golden hamsters were examined utilizing two different paradigms. First, adult male hamsters that had been maintained on 14L:1OD were transferred to either a 6L:18D or 6L:18D light cycle with a 1-sec light pulse interrupting the dark phase of 8 h after lights-off. Exposure to 6L:18D for 11 weeks induced complete testicular regression which was accompanied by low serum testosterone levels. In contrast, the paired testis weights and serum testosterone levels of animals receiving the 1-sec night interruption were maintained at values comparable to those found in hamsters maintained on photostimulatory long days. The daily onset of activity occurred 4-6 h after lights-off in the animals exposed to 6L:18D. Animals receiving the 1-sec night interruption exhibited two distinct patterns of entrainment: one in which the onset of activity occurred near the time of the 1-sec light pulse, and another in which activity was initiated daily near the offset of the 6-h light phase. In the second study, adult male hamsters that had been maintained on 14L:1OD were transferred to either constant darkness or to a 1-sec skeleton photoperiod consisting of two 1-sec light pulses separated by dark intervals of 14 h and 10 h (i.e., 1 sec L:14D:1 sec L:IOD). As expected, exposure to constant darkness for 11 weeks induced complete testicular regression. However, in 7 of 12 animals exposed to 2 sec of light per day, testicular size was maintained in the range of values normally observed in hamsters exposed to stimulator>’ long-day photoperiods. Following transfer to constant darkness, the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity was observed to free-run with a period greater than 24 h in all animals. In contrast, entrainment of the activity rhythm was observed in all animals exposed to the 1-sec skeleton photoperiod with the pattern of activity resembling that exhibited by animals maintained under a complete 14L:1OD photoperiod. These results demonstrate that as little as 2 sec of light per day can influence the neuroendocrine events underlying the photoperiodic maintenance of gonadal function, and can be effective stimuli for the entrainment of the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity.
Hf-W chronometry and the accretion and early evolution of asteroids and terrestrial planets

We review the chronology for the accretion and earliest evolution of asteroids and terrestrial planets as obtained by applying Hf-W chronometry to meteoritic and planetary samples. Internal Hf-W isochrons for CAIs and angrites yield an absolute age for CAIs of 4568.6±0.7 Ma, which is ~1.5 Ma older than previously determined from PbPb ages for CAIs. Hafnium-tungsten isochrons for H chondrites constrain the formation age of H chondrules to 1.7±0.7 Ma after CAI formation, consistent with Al-Mg ages for L and LL chondrules. Using the Hf-W CAI age of 4568.6±0.7 Ma as a reference, Pb-Pb formation intervals for chondrules from some carbonaceous chondrites are >3 Ma, indicating that these chondrules formed later than those from ordinary chondrites. The chondrule ages are inversely correlated with peak metamorphic temperatures reached inside their parent bodies, which is consistent with temperature increases expected from radioactive heating by Al decay. The young formation ages for chondrules contrast with old Hf-W ages for magmatic iron meteorites that indicate parent body accretion and differentiation within less than ~1 Ma after CAI formation. Likewise, the eucrite parent body probably accreted and differentiated before chondrules formed. These chronological data indicate that melting and differentiation was prevalent in planetesimals that accreted within the first ~1 Ma (parent bodies of the iron meteorites and possibly eucrites and angrites), thermal metamorphism is characteristic for bodies formed shortly after ~2 Ma (ordinary chondrite parent bodies), and aqueous alteration is the dominant parent body process in asteroids that formed more than ~3 Ma after CAI formation (some carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies). Thermal modelling combined with these age constraints reveals that the different thermal histories of meteorite parent bodies primarily reflect their initial abundance of Al, which is determined by their accretion age. This is most consistent with a model that involves a decrease in accretion time across the asteroid belt that is of the order of several Al half-lives. Internal Hf-W isochrons for angrites, eucrites, and a clast from the Vaca Muerta mesosiderite indicate that basaltic magmatism on asteroids started at ~4 Ma after CAI formation and might have extended until ~10 Ma. A similar timescale is obtained for the high-temperature metamorphic evolution of the H chondrite parent body. The time-
Nonlinear control and analysis of a quadrotor with sling load in path tracking

The structure of quadrotor with suspended load is widely used in many fields such as military and civilian. A wide range of research in this structure was implemented and have achieved a variety of results. With the deeper of research, many problems are urged to be solved under the concern of security. For example, the oscillation degree of the suspended load. At first, this paper proposed a nonlinear dynamics model of quadrotor with a suspended load. Then, a proportional plus derivative controller is carried out to realize the trajectory tracking without consideration the vibration of the suspended load. Finally, the simulation results show that the dynamics of the system and performance of path tracking.
A Comparative Meta-Analysis of Rorschach and MMPI Validity

Two previous meta-analyses concluded that average validity coefficients for the Rorschach and the MMPI have similar magnitudes (L. Atkinson, 1986; K. C. H. Parker, R. K. Hanson, & J. Hunsley, 1988), but methodological problems in both meta-analyses may have impeded acceptance of these results (H. N. Garb, C. M. Florio, & W. M. Grove, 1998). We conducted a new meta-analysis comparing criterionrelated validity evidence for the Rorschach and the MMPI. The unweighted mean validity coefficients (rs) were . 30 for MMPI and . 29 for Rorschach, and they were not reliably different (p = .76 under fixed-effects model, p = .89 under random-effects model). The MMPI had larger validity coefficients than the Rorschach for studies using psychiatric diagnoses and self-report measures as criterion variables, whereas the Rorschach had larger validity coefficients than the MMPI for studies using objective criterion variables.
A finite capacity queue with Markovian arrivals and two servers with group services

In this paper we consider a finite capacity queuing system in which arrivals are governed by a Markovian arrival process. The system is attended by two exponential servers, who offer services in groups of varying sizes. The service rates may depend on the number of customers in service. Using Markov theory, we study this finite capacity queuing model in detail by obtaining numerically stable expressions for (a) the steady-state queue length densities at arrivals and at arbitrary time points; (b) the Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the stationary waiting time distribution of an admitted customer at points of arrivals. The stationary waiting time distribution is shown to be of phase type when the interarrival times are of phase type. Efficient algorithmic procedures for computing the steady-state queue length densities and other system performance measures are discussed. A conjecture on the nature of the mean waiting time is proposed. Some illustrative numerical examples are presented.
A Dimmable High Power Factor Single-Switch Electronic Ballast for Compact Fluorescent Lamps With Incandescent Phase-Cut Dimmers

A novel dimmable high-power-factor compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) electronic ballast that is compatible with standard incandescent lamp dimmers is proposed in this paper. In the proposed system, the dimming controller uses the phase angle of the dimmer as the input feedforward parameter for the duty ratio control of the switch in the power circuit. As a result, a wide range of light output can be achieved with a small range of phase angles of the phase-cut dimmer. The ballast power circuit is a single-switch single-stage resonant inverter, which is essentially a fusion of a SEPIC converter and a single-switch current-fed inverter. Detailed operating principles of the proposed system will be discussed in this paper. System stability analysis that includes the effects of the phase-cut dimmer is also provided. Experimental results are given for a 13-W CFL to demonstrate and highlight the merits of the proposed work.
The principle of rotation advancement for repair of unilateral complete cleft lip and nasal deformity: technical variations and analysis of results.

This is an assessment of one surgeon's 15-year experience (1981-1995) using the Millard rotation-advancement principle for repair of unilateral complete cleft lip and nasal deformity. All infants underwent a prior labio-nasal adhesion. Since 1991, dentofacial orthopedics with a pin-retained (Latham) appliance was used for infants with a cleft of the lip and palate. Technical variations are described, including modifications in sequence of closure. A high rotation and releasing incision in the columella lengthens the medial labial element and produces a symmetric prolabium with minimal transgression of the upper philtral column by the advancement flap. Orbicularis oris muscle is everted, from caudad to cephalad, to form the philtral ridge. A minor variation of unilimb Z-plasty is used to level the cleft side of Cupid's bow handle, and cutaneous closure proceeds superiorly from this junction. The dislocated alar cartilage is visualized though a nostril rim incision and suspended to the ipsilateral upper lateral cartilage. Symmetry of the alar base is addressed in three dimensions, including maneuvers to position the deviated anterior-caudal septum, configure the sill, and efface the lateral vestibular web. Secondary procedures were analyzed in 105 consecutive patients, both revised (n = 30) and unrevised (n = .75). The possible need for revision in the latter group was determined by panel assessment of six indicators of nasolabial asymmetry, documented by frontal and submental photographs. In the entire study period, a total of 80 percent of children required or will need nasal revision, and a total of 42 percent required or will require labial revision. In the last 5 years, as compared with the earlier decade, there was a significantly diminished incidence of patients requiring labial revision (54 percent to 21 percent) and alar suspension (63 percent to 32 percent). These improvements are attributable to technical refinements and experience, although dentofacial orthopedics may also have played a role.
Membranes for hydrogen separation.

3.2. Preparation 4090 3.3. Intermediate Layers 4090 3.4. Support 4090 3.5. Modification 4091 3.5.1. Silica Membrane Modification 4091 3.5.2. Membrane Structure Modification 4092 3.6. Operational Stability 4092 4. Zeolite Membranes 4092 4.1. Membrane Growth Methods 4093 4.2. Permeation and Gas Transport 4093 4.3. Defect Site Diffusion/Nonzeolitic Pores 4094 4.4. Thin Films 4094 4.5. Zeolite Membrane Modification 4094 4.6. CO2 Sequestration in H2 Separations 4095 4.7. Manufacturing 4095 5. Carbon-Based Membranes 4096 5.1. Carbon Membrane Preparations 4097 5.2. Carbon Membrane Post-treatment 4097 5.3. Carbon Membrane Module Construction 4097 5.4. Selective Surface Flow Membranes 4097 5.5. Disadvantages of Carbon Membranes 4098 5.6. Molecular Sieving Carbon Membranes 4098 5.7. Carbon Nanotubes 4099 6. Polymer Membranes for H2 Separations 4100 6.1. Dense Polymeric Membranes 4100 6.2. Hydrogen Selective Polymeric Membranes 4101 6.3. H2 versus CO2 Selective Polymeric Membranes 4103
Early Diagnosed Atherosclerosis for Individual under Forties and its Relation to Diet and Stress

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in most countries in the past three decades, as well as the mortality from cardiovascular diseases including Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke, has declined more than (50%) over the past (30) years(Rozanskii, 1997). Atherosclerosis is a patchy, special type of thickening and hardening of medium size and large arteries that account for majority of cases in heart diseases. It is multi-factorial diseases dependent on genetic disposition and multiple other risk factors (Gill, 2003). Approximately (50 million) deaths occur throughout the world each year with almost (80%) of these (39 million) occurring in developing countries (Tienboon, 2001). Descriptive design using a retrospective (case - control) approach was carried throughout the present study for the period of July, 2001 to February 6 th , 2003. The study was conducted at the Iraqi Center for Heart Disease and Ibn Al-Nafees Center for Cardiovascular and Heart Diseases and Surgery in Baghdad. Probability "simple random" sample of (352) subjects with atherosclerosis was selected (182=cases and170=controls). These patients had attended the outpatient's clinics at these centers for diagnosis and treatment of almost all cardiovascular diseases that resulted due to having atherosclerosis. A questionnaire was used and presented into (6) main parts. Each one was concerned with the measurement of issues related to the phenomenon of interest. Data were collected from (22) subjects (12 cases and 10 controls) from the centers in which the study was conducted, to estimate the reliability through The measurement of its equivalence by Cronbach Alpha which was presented as (0.84). The content validity was determined through the use of panel of experts. The analysis indicated that difference was found between the cases and the controls' family type relative to the incidence of atherosclerosis. Significant difference was also found between the two groups relative to social readjustment scores and with respect to the incidence of atherosclerosis. The results indicated that there were only (6) factors that contributed significantly to the incidence of atherosclerosis as they were weighed with an Eigen value of greater than one. These factors were calories, body mass index, marital status, sex, dietary pattern, and type (A) personality. The study concluded that the findings highlighted the negative impact of risk factors on the incidence of atherosclerosis which included body mass index, dietary patterns, typically daily eating pattern (calories / day), and cholesterol level throughout their association with diet. Furthermore, the domain of stress as manifested through multi-factors of type (A) personality; social readjustment (life -events) and occupational stress had negative impact upon atherosclerosis. The study recommended that diet and stress intervention program for promoting community health through modification of dietary
Simple deterministic measurement matrix: application to EMG signals

In a wireless body sensor network (WBSN), the available energy and bandwidth are limited. Therefore, compressing the electromyogram (EMG) signal is of great importance since it is generally sensed at a relatively high frequency of the order of kHz. In this paper, we use the compressed sensing (CS) technique to compress and recover the EMG signal. The main advantage with CS is that its compression process requires less computational complexity. We propose a deterministic measurement matrix that greatly facilitates the implementation of the encoder device. The simulation and experiment results showed that the proposed approach can compress and recover the EMG signal without perceptible loss if the compression ratio was greater than or equal to 0.25, which saved up to 75 % of both the available bandwidth and power consumption of the transceiver. A comparison with the current stat-of-the-art of EMG compression shows that we obtained a better performance. Furthermore, the proposed encoder has the lowest computational complexity.
An Algorithm for Recovering FECG Signal

The extraction of fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) from the composite maternal ECG signal is discussed. This problem can be modelled from the perspective of blind source extraction. Using the objective function presented by Barros, this paper proposes a new algorithm to extract the FECG with higher speed. Simulation results confirm the validity of the proposed algorithm
A Kinetic Model for the Metabolic Interaction of Two Substrates at the Active Site of Cytochrome P450 3A4*

In many cases, CYP3A4 exhibits unusual kinetic characteristics that result from the metabolism of multiple substrates that coexist at the active site. In the present study, we observed that α-naphthoflavone (α-NF) exhibited a differential effect on CYP3A4-mediated product formation as shown by an increase and decrease, respectively, of the carboxylic acid (P2) and ω-3-hydroxylated (P1) metabolites of losartan, while losartan was found to be an inhibitor of the formation of the 5,6-epoxide of α-NF. Thus, to address this problem, a kinetic model was developed on the assumption that CYP3A4 can accommodate two distinct and independent binding domains for the substrates within the active site, and the resulting velocity equations were employed to predict the kinetic parameters for all possible enzyme-substrate species. Our results indicate that the predicted values had a good fit with the experimental observations. Therefore, the kinetic constants can be used to adequately describe the nature of the metabolic interaction between the two substrates. Applications of the model provide some new insights into the mechanism of drug-drug interactions at the level of CYP3A4.
ARCHITECTURAL OPTIMIZATION OF AES TRANSFORMATION SAND KEYEXPANSION

Advanced Encryption Standard(AES), is a cryptographic algorithm used for data protection . Designing an efficient hardware architecturefor AES with small hardware resource usage is a challenge.Many works are going on for the efficient implementation of AES . The cost and power consumptionof the AES can be reduced considerably by optimiz ing the architecture of AES. AES uses different data transformations such as AddRoundKey, SubByte, ShiftRow and MixColumn transformation and KeyExpansion block. In that, the two expensive transformations in terms of computational resources are MixColumns and SubBytes transformations. In this paper, new techniques for the ASIC implementationof the above transformations and KeyExpansion block areproposed.
Survival of Indicator Organisms during Enrichment on Tetrachloroethene

A laboratory study was performed as the basis for a full‐scale bioaugmentation project at a site contaminated with chlorinated ethenes. The objectives of this study were to 1) develop a protocol to enrich for a tetrachloroethene (PCE)‐dechlorinating culture from waste activated sludge and anaerobic digester biosolids and 2) monitor the survival of fecal coliform bacteria and bacteriophage, which model enteric viruses, during the enrichment process. A culture was enriched in 8 days with the ability to degrade 6‐μM PCE to cis‐dichloroethene. Using the enrichment protocol in two identical experiments, significant inactivation of fecal coliform bacteria (2 log) and somatic coliphage (0.33 log) was observed in one of the experiments; no inactivation occurred in the second experiment. The number of F‐specific coliphage decreased in both experiments (0.87 and 1.26 log inactivation). Despite the decrease in some of the coliform and bacteriophage numbers, the quantity of organisms and phage particles present after enrichment was still high (∼7.5 × 105 most probable number/L, 6.9 × 106 plaque‐forming units (PFU)/L, and 3.3 × 105 PFU/L, for fecal coliform bacteria, somatic coliphage, and F‐specific coliphage, respectively). This may be cause for concern, depending on the current and future groundwater use at or near a site undergoing bioaugmentation with cultures derived from waste activated sludge and anaerobic digester biosolids.
Bilateral Cingulotomy and Anterior Capsulotomy Applied to Patients with Aggressiveness

Objective: To perform a preliminary study on the effects and safety of bilateral cingulotomy and anterior capsulotomy in patients with aggressive behavior. Patients and Methods: Twenty-three psychiatric patients showing aggressive behavior refractory to conventional treatment were initially evaluated. The subjects were clinically selected using the Overt Aggression Scale (OAS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Each case was carefully reviewed by the Ethics Committee of Mexico’s General Hospital. Once selection criteria were met, stereotactic lesions were made using radiofrequency on the anterior limb of the internal capsule and supragenual cingulum. Statistical differences were evaluated with a Wilcoxon test at 6 months and at 4 years. Results: Ten patients underwent surgery. Their OAS and GAF scores decreased after the procedure at the 6-month (p < 0.05) and at the 4-year (p = 0.068) follow-up. Four patients showed mild and transitory postsurgical complications (hyperphagia and somnolence). Conclusions: Bilateral anterior capsulotomy in combination with cingulotomy may reduce aggressive behavior and improve clinical evaluations. Very strict clinical and ethical evaluations were applied prior to considering patients for this treatment.
Postmortem Presence of Drugs and Method of Violent Suicide

The link between substance use and suicide is well established. However, little research analyzes how substance use is related to the method of suicide. This article analyzes how specific drugs are associated with method of suicide, a critical topic because drug use bears on the etiology of suicide and may lead to policies aimed at deterring suicide. We use the Colorado Violent Death Reporting System and logistic regression to examine postmortem presence of drugs among 3,389 hanging and firearm suicides in Colorado from 2004 to 2009. Net of demographic controls, we find that opiates are positively associated with firearms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.27, 2.86]) while antidepressants are positively associated with hanging (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = [1.04, 2.03]). For cocaine and opiates, the association between drug use and violent method vary by educational attainment. Importantly, knowledge of the presence and type of specific drug is strongly associated with the method of suicide.
Basic Mechanisms in Intracranial Large-Artery Atherosclerosis: Advances and Challenges

Intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic stroke worldwide. Patients affected by this disease are at a high risk of suffering recurrent ischemic events despite antithrombotic therapy. Progression and a greater extent of intracranial atherosclerosis imply a higher risk for recurrence. Studies performed by our group in patients with symptomatic intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis have shown that: (1) C-reactive protein predicts its progression and recurrence, suggesting that inflammation may play a deleterious role in this condition; (2) a high level of the anti-angiogenic endostatin is also associated with a progressive and recurrent intracranial atherosclerosis, which might support a beneficial role for angiogenesis in this group of patients; and (3) elevated lipoprotein(a) concentration and diabetes mellitus characterize those patients with a higher number of intracranial stenoses.