Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Scale Network for Thoracic Organs Segmentation

Medical Imaging Segmentation is an essential technique for modern medical applications. It is the foundationof many aspects of clinical diagnosis, oncology, and computer-integrated surgical intervention.Although significant successes have been achieved in the segmentation of medical images, DL (deep learning) approaches. Manual delineation of OARs (organs at risk) is vastly dominant but it is prone to errors given the complex irregularities in shape, low texture diversity between tissues and adjacent blood area, patientwide location of organisms, and weak soft tissue contrast across adjacent organs in CT images. Till now several models have been implemented onmulti organs segmentation but not caters to the problem of imbalanced classes some organs have relatively small pixels as compared to others. To segment OARs in thoracic CT images, we proposed the model based on the encoder-decoder approach using transfer learning with the efficientnetB7 DL model. We have built a fully connected CNN (Convolutional Neural network) having 5 layers of encoding and 5 layers of decoding with efficientnetB7 specifically to tackle imbalance class pixels in an accurate way for the segmentation of OARs. Proposed methodology achieves 0.93405 IOU score, 0.95138 F1 score and class-wise dice score for esophagus 0.92466, trachea 0.94257, heart 0.95038, aorta 0.9351 and background 0.99891. The results showed that our proposed framework can be segmented organs accurately.
Modeling, capacity, and joint source/channel coding for Rayleigh fading channels

A finite-state Markov channel (FSMC) model for a Rayleigh fading channel (RFC) is constructed by partitioning the range of its received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) into K intervals. The crossover probabilities of the K binary symmetric channels associated with its states are calculated. The second-order statistics of the received SNR are used to approximate the Markov transition probabilities. The capacity of the modeled channel can then be calculated with recursive algorithms. A joint source and channel coding scheme based on quantization for this channel model is studied. The decoder is assumed to have access to the channel state information, which it uses to adjust itself to varying channel conditions. It is shown that the use of the finite-state Markov channel model and knowledge of the channel state information significantly improves the performance of the system.
Research on the half complementary split‐ring resonator and its application for designing miniaturized patch antenna

In this letter, a novel half complementary split‐ring resonator (HCSRR) is investigated, and the employment for designing miniaturized patch antenna is researched. Through parameter‐study, the proposed HCSRR shows almost the same resonant characteristic as the original CSRR structure. When the half‐miniaturized CSRR is sandwiched in the middle of half patch antenna, which sharing the same virtual magnetic wall with HCSRR, the resonant frequency of the patch antenna can be lowered in a much degree. To validate the proposed concept, the miniaturized antenna operating at 2.21 GHz is fabricated and measured. The measured results show good accordance with the simulated ones and stable radiation pattern of patch mode can be maintained, which validate the characteristic of the proposed HCSRR structure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2601–2604, 2015
Design and Analysis of 2N4416 n channel JFET Single Stage Amplifier for large band width and low Voltage Gain

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a current-controlled device, while a field-effect transistor (FET), is a voltage-controlled device, the bipolar transistor has two principal disadvantages. First, it has low input impedance because of the forward-biased emitter junction. Secondly, it has a considerable noise level. The field-effect transistor (FET) has a large input impedance which may be more than 100 megaohms, the FET is generally much less noisy than the ordinary or bipolar transistor. In this paper 2N4416 n channel JFET single-stage amplifier was designed, in order to analyze the circuit, important terms and main parameters were determined, the frequency response and bandwidth of the amplifier were also determined and discussed graphically using Multisim 14.2 simulator, the results characterized amplifier with large bandwidth and low voltage gain.
Simulation on Displacement Characteristics of Variable Displacement of Double-Action Vane Pump

On of the practical difficulties of high speed automotive hydraulic power steering is that the output exceeds the actual demands of the system, i.e., there is a substantial power loss. This paper discusses the configuration and the action principle of a new variable displacement of double-action vane pump, which consists of floating blocks. The pump belongs to an automotive hydraulic power steering system, and prosperous utilization is expected. In the meantime the mathematical and simulation model for hydraulic power steering of automobile were established and the Matlab Simulink simulation model was presented. Different parameters of pump are selected in simulating programming. The simulating results are analyzed and compared.
Wilkinson power divider design for dual-band applications

A novel dual-band Wilkinson power divider (WPD) is designed for the purpose of operating at two arbitrary frequencies. The theory and design procedure of the novel component are presented in detail. For demonstration, a dual-band WPD with operating frequencies of 1.0 and 2.6 GHz is proposed, fabricated and tested. The good agreement between the measured and simulated results confirmed the design concept. Measurements show that insert losses both at the two central frequencies are less than 3.3 dB. Both return loss and port isolation have good performances, which are more than 21 and 28 dB separately.
Landmark Constellation Models For Central Venous Catheter Malposition Detection

The placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) for venous access is a common clinical routine. Nonetheless, various clinical studies report that CVC insertions are unsuccessful in up to 20% of all cases. Among other, typical complications include the incidence of a pneumothorax, hemothorax, arterial puncture, venous air embolism, arrhythmias or catheter knotting. In order to detect the CVC tip in chest X-ray (CXR) images, and to evaluate the catheter placement, we propose a HRNet-based key point detection approach in combination with a probabilistic constellation model. In a cross-validation study, we show that our approach not only enables the exact localization of the CVC tip, but also of relevant anatomical landmarks. Moreover, the probabilistic model provides a likelihood score for tip position which allows us to identify malpositioned CVCs.
Research on Dynamic Characteristic and Experiments of Double-Disc Rotor System with Oil Film Support

Multi-DOF model of double-disc rotor-bearing system taking oil film support into account is established, and Newmark method is also applied to dynamic response of continuous system. To simplify the calculation in double-disc eccentric situation, the research aims at time domain, frequency response and bifurcation solution, simultaneously qualitative experiments are also carried out on the experiment bench. Experiments show that the numerical algorithm and calculation results are credible. The conclusions conclude: For the rotor system shown in the paper, with the other parameters constant, small eccentricity system is prone to appear quasi-periodic instability, but for big eccentricity system it is period-doubling instability, and the instability speed will increase with eccentricity enlargement; initial eccentric phase has severe effects on the dynamic characteristic of system, so it is worth studying it more in depth. This method and results in this paper provides a theoretical reference for stability analysis and vibration control in more complex relevant rotor-bearing system.
A Microstrip to Rectangular Waveguide Transition Using Coupling Loop in Millimeter-Wave Band

A novel millimeter-wave transition from microstrip to rectangular waveguide is introduced in this paper. The theory for this design is explained. The strip conductor on microstrip, which is introduced from the center of a rectangular waveguide broad-wall to its E-plane, is shaped into a triangular loop in the waveguide terminated by a short circuit. A back to back transition operating at Ka band was simulated and fabricated. The experimental results showed the insertion loss of a back to back transition is less than 2.2dB with its return loss greater than 9.1dB from 26.5 GHz to 35.5 GHz.
Permutation groups, complexes, and rearrangeable connecting networks

In the interest of providing good telephone service with efficient connecting networks, it is desirable to have at hand a knowledge of some of the combinatorial properties of such networks. One of these properties is rearrangeability: a connecting network is rearrangeable if its permitted states realize every assignment of inlets to outlets, or alternatively, if given any state x of the network, any inlet idle in x, and any outlet idle in x, there is a way of assigning new routes (if necessary) to the calls in progress in x so that the idle inlet can be connected to the idle outlet. A natural algebraic and combinatorial approach to the study of rearrangeable networks is described, with attention centered principally on two-sided networks built of stages of square crossbar switches, each stage having N inlets and N outlets. The approach is based in part on the elementary theory of permutation groups. The principal problem posed (and partly answered) is this: What connecting networks built of stages are rearrangeable? Sufficient conditions, including all previously known results, are formulated and exemplified.
Understanding the Dynamics of Heavy Vehicle Interactions in Car-Following

Heavy vehicles and passenger cars differ in their maneuverability and acceleration capabilities. Heavy vehicles thus influence other traffic in a different manner than passenger vehicles, causing different levels of traffic instability. Increasing number and proportion of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream may result in quite different traffic flow characteristics. Over the last five decades many studies have investigated passenger car drivers’ car-following behavior. However, the existence of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream has not received the same attention. This paper investigates the different car-following behavior of drivers in congested heterogeneous traffic conditions. It specifically focuses on the existence of heavy vehicles in general traffic and their interaction with other vehicles. Four different combinations of passenger car and heavy vehicle were considered. These combinations include passenger car-following a passenger car, passenger car-following a heavy vehicle, heavy vehicle following a passenger car, and heavy vehicle following another heavy vehicle. A data set from a freeway in the United States was used to show the different car-following behavior of drivers for each combination. This study analyzes space and time headways, drivers’ reaction times, and vehicle accelerations. It also introduces different car-following thresholds for each car-following combination. It was found that the presence of heavy vehicles causes larger space and time headways, longer reaction time, and more robust car-following behavior. It also shows that the car-following thresholds are of the four combinations studies. The findings of this paper indicate that further research is required to develop a generalized car-following model that can be used when different vehicle types are in the traffic stream.
The rise and decline of the British motor industry

Acknowledgements Themes Part I. The Origins of British Pre-eminence in Europe: 1. The rise of the British motor industry before 1914 2. War and its aftermath: gains and losses 3. The framework of protection: demand at home and overseas 4. Fordism and the British system 5. The dynamics and limitations of 'personal capitalism' 6. Fordism and the British approach to markets and marketing 7. Debilitating environment: structures and strategies Part II. The Roots of Decline: 8. Postwar pre-eminence: attainment and erosion 9. Private investment and public policies: government and industry 10. Manufacturing systems: management and labour 11. The role of organised labour: strikes and productivity 12. Industrial relations: Fordism and post-Fordism 13. Fordist structure and strategy: the managerial organisation 14. Industrial structure, organisation and corporate culture: the origins and performance of BMC Part III. The Vicissitudes and Collapse of a 'National Champion': 15. Anatomy of a merger: the rise of British Leyland 16. The effects of merger 17. British Leyland's productivity dilemma: markets and productivity 18. The nationalised champion: policies and personalities 19. From nationalisation to privatisation 20. Globalisation and the role of multinationals 21. Explaining decline Bibliography Index.
Empirical Research on Business Intelligence Success

The present paper is a research on problems of measuring Business Intelligence (BI) System Success. The well-known system of Information System Success by DeLone and McLean and Business Intelligence Capabilities Framework were reviewed to develop a framework for evaluating Business Intelligence (BI) Success. We hypothesize that BI Capabilities (Data Type Quality, Data Source Quality, Flexibility, Interaction with other Systems, User Access Quality) are positively connected with BI Success. Our hypotheses are tested with survey data. The respondents are CEOs, CIOs and BI specialists of Russian-based companies. Structural equation modelling exhibits a good fit with the observed data. Our results show, that BI Capabilities have a strong influence on BI System Success. However, there is more work to be done, because some of the hypotheses are not supported. The present paper contributes theoretically to Information System Success domain by expanding research about Business Intelligence System Success.
Evasion planning for autonomous intersection control based on an optimized conflict point control formulation

Abstract Autonomous intersection management (AIM) has been widely researched, but previous studies assume that vehicles will follow assigned trajectories precisely. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the safety buffers needed between intersecting vehicles to avoid a collision if a vehicle malfunctions. We optimize vehicle trajectories by deciding the arrival times at each conflict point (point of possible intersection with other vehicles) along each vehicle’s trajectory. Because intersecting vehicles rely on the intersection manager (IM) to detect and communicate malfunctions, the reaction time from the IM determines the minimum safety buffer needed. Although a smaller reaction time reduces the safety buffer, it increases the probability that the IM falsely detects a malfunction, instructing vehicles to stop and creating unnecessary delays. This paper develops a mathematical safety buffer for intersecting vehicles, linearizes this time separation, and constructs a combined mixed-integer linear program. A complete protocol is presented and simulated for normal circumstances, emergency circumstances, and recovery circumstances. Sensitivity analyses on various reaction times show the tradeoff between low reaction times (more false positives) and high reaction times (greater safety buffer).
On calculation of preliminary design parameters for lenticular booms

Abstract Deployable booms play an important role in holding instruments away from the satellites, and the more rigid they are, the greater the attitude stability of the satellite and instruments will be. Several design concepts for the deployable booms have been proposed and implemented, among which the lenticular boom is one of the most rigid ones. In the present paper, a method for estimation of the design parameters of lenticular booms is proposed. The design parameters investigated in this paper are bending and torsional equivalent moments of area, and elastic energy and maximum stresses developed in the flattened booms. The proposed method has been validated against finite-element solutions and is shown to be sufficiently accurate to be safely used for preliminary design of lenticular booms.
Shaking Table Tests of a High-Rise RC Bearing-Wall Structure with Bottom Piloti Stories

Abstract The severe shortage of available sites in highly developed metropolitan areas in Korea necessitates the construction of high-rise buildings which meet the needs of residence and commercial activity simultane-ously. These buildings are constructed, in general, using the bearing-wall system for the upper apartments and the frame system for the lower commercial space. The objective of this study is to investigate the seismic performance of this type of building structure. For this purpose, a 1:12 scale 17-story reinforced concrete model structure was constructed according to the similitude law, in which the upper 15 stories have a bearing-wall system while the lower 2 stories consist of a moment-resisting frame system. This model was then subjected to a series of excitations which simulated the Taft N21E accelerogram, whose peak ground acceleration (PGA) was modified to be 0.11g, 0.22g, 0.3g, 0.4g, 0.6g, and 0.8g, respectively. Test results show that the piloti stories experience the shear and overturning deformation simultaneously and that the axial force in the column due to overturning moment can be reasonably predicted by using the UBC-97 load combination while the shear resistance of the column can vary dramatically with variations of the axial forces.
Thermal Comfort Analysis of a Ship Air-Conditioning System Using Solidworks Flow Simulation

The focus of this work is to simulate and optimize thermal comfort in a ship air-conditioning system by evaluating the performance of different types of air supply outlets. Thermal comfort analyses were performed in Solidworks Flow Simulation software by changing the number, type and position of air supply outlets and the comfort was optimized by evaluating the values of temperature, velocity, PMV (Predicted mean vote) & PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied). It was concluded from the results obtained from different analyses that air supply outlet is a vital part in any type of HVAC (Heating ventilation & air conditioning) system design, as its number, type and position has significant effect on the air distribution and thermal comfort in a subject space. It was also deduced that improper selection of air supply outlet can result in room air stagnation, unacceptable temperature gradients, and undesirable velocities in the occupied zone that may lead to occupant discomfort. Through this work the importance and effectiveness of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) design tools, in the design & optimization of HVAC systems has been evaluated and it was concluded that CFD design software like Solidworks flow simulation provide an excellent provision to validate different aspects of HVAC design before actual construction.
Clustering-FFT Based Doppler-Shift Acquisition for Space Communications

For space communications, the transmitted signal generally faces a long-distance transmission and a high-accelerating movement. The long-distance transmission causes a very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the high-accelerating movement causes a dynamic Doppler-shift. Under a very large acceleration, the long-time accumulation which aims to solve the very low SNR, brings about the serious energy dispersion problem, thus posing a great challenge for Doppler-shift acquisition. Introducing the clustering idea in machine learning, we propose one clustering-fast-Fourier-transform (CFFT) based Doppler-shift acquisition scheme with an affordable computational complexity, to address the energy dispersion problem for space communications. The proposed CFFT scheme includes two algorithms called the Generic CFFT algorithm and the High-order CFFT algorithm, respectively. First, the Generic CFFT algorithm clusters multiple density-reachable signal elements into one signal cluster, thus accumulating the dispersed energy again. Second, the High-order CFFT algorithm, which conducts several rounds of clustering, clusters more density-reachable signal elements into one larger signal cluster. Simulations results show that our proposed CFFT scheme achieves a higher acquisition probability than the existing FFT based schemes and consumes a lower computational complexity than the FRFT scheme.
Identification of IIR systems using comprehensive learning particle swarm optimisation

Adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) filters are more suitable in modelling real-world systems as they are inherently pole-zero structure and also require less parameters to achieve the same performance level of finite impulse response (FIR) filters. But they are not popular in practice due to lack of practical, efficient and robust global optimisation algorithms. This paper introduces a novel swarm intelligence (SI) based algorithm named as comprehensive learning particle swarm optimisation (CLPSO) to identify IIR systems. This variant of PSO enables the diversity of the swarm to be preserved to discourage premature convergence. Experiments were conducted to estimate the parameters of many benchmark IIR systems. The simulation results demonstrate improved estimation of these parameters by the CLPSO when compared with those obtained from standard PSO, the genetic algorithm (GA) and recursive least mean square(RLMS) algorithm. In addition, the new method offers significant improvement in convergence behaviour, lowest training time and least numbers of fitness evaluation during training of the model. The results of the new method also exhibit global search ability and absence of local minima phenomena in its reduced order models.
Intelligent Caching in UAV-Aided Networks

Deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as flying base stations to provide specific geographical area with air-to-ground wireless communications is expected to increase dramatically in the coming decades, owing to its flexibility, mobility and autonomy. Moreover, mobile edge computing (MEC) promises significant reduction in latency by caching popular contents at the mobile edge. In this paper, we propose a method to apply mobile edge caching on UAVs in wireless communication systems. By investigating the user request preference with the aid of latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), the caching strategy can be optimized. In the proposed system, we consider the design of intelligent caching strategies when a number of UAVs are deployed to serve ground users, where each UAV has a limited storage capacity for caching useful user contents. We use LDA to extract the user request preferences in order to intelligently cache data in the UAVs, while we use K-means clustering to associate users with the UAVs. We consider three caching criteria, namely the user received signal to noise ratio (SNR), user preferences and the delay. Our simulation results show that, when compared to random caching, the average caching efficiency could be significantly improved from $50 \%$ to $70 \%$, while the latency of our proposed system can also be greatly reduced.
Research of the Technology and Application of Process Digital Mock-Up for Spacecraft Assembly Based on the MBD

After representing the situation of the spacecraft assembly and the concept of Model Based Definition (MBD), the paper describes the method and principle of Assembly Digital Mock-up (ADMU), which achieved the transition of Engineering Bill of Material (EBOM) to Process Bill of Material (PBOM). With reconstructing EBOM and fulfilling structured Product Attribute, the paper gains the ADMU, which is the data source of spacecraft assembly process design based on 3D models.