Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A third order irregular boundary value problem and the associated series.

Introduction Published accounts of properties of characteristic functions of third-order, irregular boundary value problems and of expansions in infinite series of such functions have been given by D. Jackson and Hopkinsf and by the author. ^ In these papers were considered only cases which may be regarded as elementary in the sense that the characteristic functions were elementary functions. The present paper deals with the characteristic functions and the associated series of the differential system (1) d3u/dx3 + [p3 + r(x)]u = 0, u(0) = u'(0) = m(x) = 0. We shall suppose throughout that r(x) is a convergent power series in x3, and that, when the radius of the circle of convergence of this series is less than ir, r(x) is continuous in the interval O^x^w. Many of the methods and results obtained in this paper (but not all of them) can be carried over immediately to the case in which the differential equation is the same as the present one but the boundary conditions are of the type in Part I of the 1927 paper. The first part of this paper is devoted to a study of the characteristic functions, the second part to necessary conditions for the convergence of a formal series of these functions arising from a given function f(x), and the third part to a statement of conditions sufficient to ensure the convergence to f(x) oí the formal series ior f(x), and to the proof of such convergence.
A utologous Stem Cell Transplantation using a Modified TA M Conditioning Regimen for Clinically A ggressive Non-Hodgkin ’ s Lymphoma

Sook Hee Hong, M.D., Young Seon Hong, M.D., In Sook Woo, M.D., Yoon Ho Koh, M.D., Sang Young Rho, M.D., Ji Yean Peak, M.D., Myung Ah Lee, M.D., Byoung Yong Shim, M.D., Jae Ho Byun, M.D., Ji Chan Park, M.D., Jong Wook Lee, M.D., Woo Sung Min, M.D. and Chun Choo Kim, M.D. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Using Linked Open Data to Improve Data Reuse in Zooarchaeology

The inability of journals and books to accommodate data and to make it reusable has led to the gradual loss of vast amounts of information. The practice of disseminating selected sub-sets of data (usually in summary tables) permits only very limited types of reuse, and thus hampers scholarship. In recent years, largely in response to increasing government and institutional requirements for full data access, the scholarly community is giving data more attention, and solutions for data management are emerging. However, seeing data management primarily as a matter of compliance means that the research community faces continued data loss, as many datasets enter repositories without adequate description to enable their reuse. Furthermore, because many archaeologists do not yet have experience in data reuse, they lack understanding of what “good” data management means in terms of their own research practices. This paper discusses Linked Open Data (LOD) as an approach to improving data description, intelligibility and discoverability to facilitate reuse. I present examples of how annotating zooarchaeology datasets with LOD can facilitate data integration without forcing standardization. I conclude by recognizing that data sharing is not without its challenges. However, the research community’s careful attention and recognition of datasets as valuable scholarly outputs will go a long way toward ensuring that the products of our work are more widely useful.
Workshop Biology: Demonstrating the Effectiveness of Active Learning in an Introductory Biology Course

T University of Oregon’s Workshop Biology curriculum is one of many experimental approaches to teaching introductory college-level science that emerged during the last decade (Lawson et al. 1990, Ebert-May et al. 1997, Laws 1997, McNeal and D’Avanzo 1997, Wyckoff 2001). Our motivation for developing Workshop Biology came partly from a concern that, despite generally favorable student course evaluations, our traditional approaches (for example, teacherdirected, “cookbook” activities and demonstrations) did not provide students with valuable skills or even with a body of knowledge that lasted much beyond the end of the term. The Workshop Biology project aimed at improving science literacy among nonscience majors in the context of a major research university. The curriculum was developed, implemented, and evaluated during the period 1991–1994. The project included both the development of the Workshop Biology course (a three-term, lab-based introductory sequence for nonscience majors) and a thorough evaluation of its effectiveness as compared with a traditional lecture-based course. The Workshop Biology curriculum incorporated three leading approaches in science education reform: (1) directly confronting students’ misconceptions through concrete experiences, or what we refer to as “conceptual change”; (2) integrating “science as inquiry” into the underlying philosophy of the course; and (3) introducing science in context. The idea of “conceptual change”was drawn from the very successful Workshop Physics approach (Thornton and Sokoloff 1990, Laws 1997), which focuses on identifying common misconceptions and then confronting them through concrete experiences. We drew the name for our course, Workshop Biology, from this approach. Programs that teach “science as inquiry” focus on the need for students to experience the process of science in order to view science as a way of knowing, rather than as a body of knowledge. For example, the BioQUEST curriculum consortium’s “3 P’s” model, problem posing, problem solving, and peer persuasion (Peterson and Jungck 1988), helps students gain skills in the full range of scientific practice. Similarly, case studies can motivate students to search out information and develop analytical skills needed to solve a problem presented by a realistic, interesting case (Herreid 1994a, 1994b). Finally, programs addressing “science in context” focus on the personal and social
Mugilids Display Distinct Trait-Mediated Patterns with a Reinvasion of Para Grass Urochloa mutica in a Tropical Estuary

Aggressive invasions by species such as para grass Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) are pervasive throughout the tropics, but the impacts on estuarine habitats and biota are poorly understood. After weed control was reduced in a tropical estuary, U. mutica reinvaded this area composed of two contiguous habitats: a shallow pond and a deeper river. These habitats are especially important for Mugil cephalus, a culturally prized native mullet, and introduced Moolgarda engeli not targeted in the fishery. We investigated the potential impacts of U. mutica on juvenile and adult mullets by comparing the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of the two mullet species and the physiochemical measurements from the two contiguous habitats during different stages of its reinvasion. Overall, negative effects on the CPUE of M. cephalus and M. engeli were found as a result of the U. mutica reinvasion. The M. cephalus CPUE was consistently higher in the shallow pond habitat compared to the deeper river habitat. It decreased after U. mutica was established, correlative to the invasive grass canopies smothering the shallow habitat favored by juveniles. The M. engeli CPUE significantly declined during the initial periods of U. mutica reinvasion, but did not decline further after the grass became established. No differences in the M. engeli CPUE between habitats were found, indicating that M. engeli are habitat generalists. These findings are among the first in an insular tropical estuary demonstrating a negative relationship between an invasive grass and relative abundances of two confamiliar fish, while revealing distinct patterns attributed to species-specific traits. Importantly, the broad overlapping biogeographic distribution of M. cephalus and U. mutica, and the negative relationship between these species, raises widespread concern for this mullet as a globally important fisheries species.
A method based on the improved Kepner-Tregoe program for risk identification: proposals and evaluation of the method

Recently, project risk management attracts all the attention in order to raise success probability of a project. The authors take up the risk management of a project, above all, risk identification, and show a concrete implementation method based on the improved Kepner-Tregoe Program. They perform laboratory experiments on risk identification using the proposed method. Moreover, they compare the proposed method with the widely known method based on the brainstorming and the original Kepner-Tregoe Program.
Principles for Integrating the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals in Cities

The implementation of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals in the urban centres of the world is one of the most consequential and ambitious projects that the nations of the world have undertaken. Guidance for achieving the goals in an integrated way that creates true sustainability is currently lacking because of the wicked nature of the problem. However, its wickedness highlights the critical importance of governance and decision-making processes for such integration, including the relationship between governments and their citizens. In particular, there is strong evidence to suggest that managing wicked problems like the SDGs is best done through forms of democracy that are deliberative, representative and influential. Called “deliberative democracy”, we draw on an existing body of research and case studies of deliberative democracy in action to apply its principles to a step-by-step process for the implementation and integration of the Goals in Cities. The paper concludes with the beginnings of a framework based on deliberative democratic principles, and an outline of methods for the scaling and expansion of the implementation process to cope with the global nature of the problem.
How discrimination and participation are associated with psychosomatic problems among boys and girls in northern Sweden

Background: Negative impact on health from school disturbance due to asymmetric power relations such as discrimination and offensive treatment are frequent problems among students. This study sought to analyze associations between occurrence of discrimination at schools, participation and psychosomatic problems. Methods: Pupils in grades 6 - 9 in ten schools in a northern Swedish municipality participated in the study. The frequency of discrimination at school was measured by six items: sex; culture or ethnicity; disability; religion beliefs; sexual preferences; and any other form of discrimination. The Social and Civic Objectives Scale (SCOS) was used for an estimation of the level of participation. The pupils’ health was measured by the PsychoSomatic Problem (PSP) scale. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for estimation of increased risk of PSP. The formula Z = d/s(d) was used to test mediation. Results: Two thirds of the boys and three fourths of the girls reported occurrences of discrimination at schools (p = 0.001). Discrimination was a mediating factor between participation and PSP among boys and girls as the mediating formula Z = d/s (d) was > ± 2 SD, -2.59 for boys and -39.27 for girls. Independent of each other, low participation and discrimination were associated with increased risk of PSP. Conclusion: Discrimination was a mediating factor between participation and PSP. The mediating effect was stronger in girls than in boys. There is a need for school health promotion programs focusing on participation in terms of democratic processes, communication and cooperation in the classroom.
Electrical Response of CdS Thin Film and CdS/Si Heterojunction to Gamma Radiation

Gamma irradiation method has been used to change the electrical properties of CdS thin film. A specific dose of γ-irradiation increases the activation energy of CdS thin film. In addition, γ-irradiation was used to change the sign of Hall coefficient, , of CdS thin film from negative to positive irrespective of temperature. The Hall mobility mechanism shows noticeable change after γ-irradiation from decreasing to increasing with raising the temperature. In depth, analysis was done using capacitance-voltage measurement in order to realize the modification in the CdS/Si junction band gap after γ-irradiation. Several parameters were also studied such as charge carrier concentration, , and flat band potential, . The γ-irradiation was found to increase the concentration of the deep traps within the band gap of the CdS/Si heterojunction.
Value Diversity and Regional Economic Development

We investigate the link between culture and regional economic development within European countries. Considering a variety of cultural values, we provide evidence that it is the degree of diversity in these values at the regional level that strongly correlates with economic performance, rather than the prevalence of specific values. In particular, we show that greater value diversity is negatively associated with regional economic performance within countries, which also relates to lower institutional quality and poorer public goods provision. These patterns are robust even when diversity is measured on the basis of values expressed by emigrants residing outside their region of origin.
Raman intensity enhancement of the Si peak by CdS thin films

A method, which utilizes interference enhanced Raman scattering and resonant Raman scattering techniques, is used to overcome the low efficiency of Raman methods to diagnose highly reflective materials. As applied to the p‐type Si wafer, the enhanced gain is up to nearly a factor of 80 at 4880 A excitation. Because of the strong absorption of the scattered light, it is recommended that the suitable deposited thickness of CdS films should not be thicker than 700 A.
Age, growth and reproductive characteristics of chub, Leuciscus cephalus (L., 1758) in the İkizcetepeler dam lake (Balikesir), Turkey

Summary In this study, the population structure, growth and reproduction characteristics of 414 chub (Leuciscus cephalus L., 1758) from the _ dam lake were investigated monthly between January and December 2000. Age groups ranged between I and VI for this species in the reservoir, with the second and third year-classes dominating. Sex ratio was 1 : 1.4 (M : F), corresponding to 58.4% males and 41.6% females. Females attained greater size and age than males. The largest female captured was 24.8 cm FL, the largest male was 24.1 cm FL, both age VI. The von Bertalanffy growth equations and length–weight relationships were found as: Lt ¼ 28.89[1 ) e )0.224(t+1.55) ] for females, Lt ¼ 26.71[1 ) e )0.259(t+1.55) ] for males; Wt ¼ 347.386[1)e )0.224h (t+1.55) ] 2.86 for females, Wt ¼ 286.48[1)e )0.259 (t+1.55) ] 2.92 for males; W ¼ 0.0227 · L 2.87 for females and W ¼ 0.0194 · L 2.92 for males. Significant statistical differences in condition factors between age classes and sexes were not found (P > 0.05, t-test). Spawning period of this species in the lake was between April and May.
DYNAMIC THERMAL MODELLING AND CFD SIMULATION TECNIQUES USED TO INFLUENCE THE DESIGN PROCESS IN BUILDINGS

This application paper outlines some innovative building simulation methodologies used to predict thermal performance of complex energy efficient systems using commercially available softwares. Industry case studies are presented to demonstrate how simulation can influence the design process with requirements varying from zero carbon emissions to optimum thermal comfort. Simplifications used to reduce computational time and handle software limitations are assessed in regards to model accuracy and the ability to influence the design decision process. Building simulation models are presented with a fit for purpose approach from simpler models to detailed HVAC models used for system performance and thermal comfort assessments.
TMEEP: Threshold-sensitive based Multihop Energy Efficient Protocol for HWSN

WSNs are expected to find wide applicability in various fields ranging from engineering industry to our home environment technology. Efficient utilization of energy of sensor nodes and short distance multihop communication are the major factors in order to reduce the energy consumption in a sensor network. In this research work, we have proposed a new protocol; Threshold-sensitive based Multihop Energy Efficient Protocol (TMEEP) for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network. TMEEP is a reactive protocol using three level of heterogeneity. TMEEP combines the idea of threshold sensitive based data collection and short distance multihop communication for achieving the best performance in terms of energy consumption and network lifetime. We evaluate our routing protocol for a simple sensing application and compare results with some other existing protocols like SEP-E and LEACH. The simulation results indicate that proposed scheme enhanced the stability period, network lifetime and throughput than existing routing protocols.
Stochastic joint inversion of 2D seismic and seismoelectric signals in linear poroelastic materials: A numerical investigation

The interpretation of seismoelectrical signals is a difficult task because coseismic and seismoelectric converted signals are recorded simultaneously and the seismoelectric conversions are typically several orders of magnitude smaller than the coseismic electrical signals. The seismic and seismoelectric signals are modeled using a finite-element code with perfectly matched layer boundary conditions assuming a linear poroelastic body. We present a stochastic joint inversion of the seismic and seismoelectrical data based on the adaptive Metropolis algorithm, to obtain the posterior probability density functions of the material properties of each geologic unit. This includes the permeability, porosity, electrical conductivity, bulk modulus of the dry porous frame, bulk modulus of the fluid, bulk modulus of the solid phase, and shear modulus of the formations. A test of this approach is performed with a synthetic model comprising two horizontal layers and a reservoir partially saturated with oil, which is embedded in the second layer. The result of the joint inversion shows that we can invert the permeability of the reservoir and its mechanical properties.
Lower bounds for fluctuations in first-passage percolation for general distributions

In first-passage percolation (FPP), one assigns i.i. d. ~weights to the edges of the cubic lattice $\mathbb{Z}^d$ and analyzes the induced weighted graph metric. If $T(x,y)$ is the distance between vertices $x$ and $y$, then a primary question in the model is: what is the order of the fluctuations of $T(0,x)$? It is expected that the variance of $T(0,x)$ grows like the norm of $x$ to a power strictly less than 1, but the best lower bounds available are (only in two dimensions) of order $\log \|x\|$. This result was found in the '90s and there has not been any improvement since. In this paper, we address the problem of getting stronger fluctuation bounds: to show that $T(0,x)$ is with high probability not contained in an interval of size $o(\log \|x\|)^{1/2}$, and similar statements for FPP in thin cylinders. Such statements have been proved for special edge-weight distributions, and here we obtain such bounds for general edge-weight distributions. The methods involve inducing a fluctuation in the number of edges in a box whose weights are of "hi-mode" (large).
Soil Nitrogen Pools Associated with Revegetation of Disturbed Sites in the Lake Tahoe Area

Thin, poorly developed soils in the high elevation, summer‐dry environment near Lake Tahoe, California are easily disturbed by anthropogenic impacts. Subsoils and parent materials that are exposed by vegetation removal and topsoil erosion or by burial during construction activities are difficult to revegetate and may continue to erode for decades after disturbance. The resulting sediment loads contribute to decreased water quality in local watersheds and to the loss of clarity in Lake Tahoe. Field observations suggest that soil disturbance often results in depletion of soil nitrogen (N) reserves and that the remaining substrates may be unable to provide adequate N for revegetation. To quantify the levels of soil N that are associated with higher levels of percent plant cover on previously disturbed soils in the Lake Tahoe area, a basin‐wide survey and a second paired site study were conducted. Results indicate that extractable ammonium and nitrate levels correlate poorly with percent vegetative cover, whereas the correlations of anaerobically mineralizable N and total N are stronger and account for nearly 50% of the variability in plant cover data. Sites with plant cover measuring greater than 40% are associated with total soil N levels of about 1,200 kg N/ha and anaerobic mineralizable N levels of about 26 kg N/ha. Despite high concentrations of N in the surface soils, a large fraction of the N in the 0‐ to 50‐cm profile occurs below 30 cm, when measured on a landscape basis.
Empathy Levels of University Students Who Do and Not Do Sports

The objective of this study was to compare the empathy levels of university students who do sports and who don’t do sports in terms of different variables. For this purpose, 200 Sports Faculty students who do sports at least four days a week for two hours and 200 students from other faculties who don’t do sports participated in the study. In the study, Empathic Tendency Scale developed by Dokmen was used as data collection tool. The effects of age, gender, residence place of family, who the students live with and having a social circle on empathy were examined. When the empathy scores of students who do and not do sports were examined, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p>0.05). When the empathy scores were examined in terms of gender, empathy scores of women were found to be statistically higher than those of men (p<0.05). When the students’ empathy scores were compared in terms of their answers to the question “Who are you living with? ”, it was found that the students who are living with their families had higher empathy scores than those who are living with their friends (p<0.05). As a conclusion, it was found that doing sports did not have an influence on empathy levels and women were more emphatic than men. In addition, it was found that the students who lived with their families and those who had a social circle were found to have higher empathic tendency levels.