Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-port DC-DC converter with flyback inverter for rural lighting applications

A two port DC-DC converter, combined with a modified flyback inverter, is presented in this paper. The output of the inverter is 230V sinusoidal voltage at 50Hz used for supplying rural lighting applications. Combination (solar and battery) of the energy sources along with a voltage doubler forms the two input port of the DC-DC converter for solar-battery hybrid systems. To obtain a low frequency output voltage for the load modified flyback inverter structure is utilized. A control algorithm implemented to supply the load using PV and battery sources either independently or simultaneously for maintaining the constant output voltage is also presented. This work focuses on simulation studies of the same to verify the converter working using PSIM software.
The effect of state dependent probability of detection in multitarget tracking applications

Through its ability to create situation awareness, multi-target target tracking is an extremely important capability for almost any kind of surveillance and tracking system. Many approaches have been proposed to address its inherent challenges. However, the majority of these approaches make two assumptions: the probability of detection and the clutter rate are constant. However, neither are likely to be true in practice. For example, as the projected size of a target becomes smaller as it moves further from the sensor, the probability of detection will decline. When target detection is carried out using templates, clutter rate will depend on how much the environment resembles the current target of interest. In this paper, we begin to investigate the impacts on these effects. Using a simulation environment inspired by the challenges of Wide Area Surveillance (WAS), we develop a state dependent formulation for probability of detection and clutter. The impacts of these models are compared in a simulated urban environment populated by multiple vehicles and cursed with occlusions. The results show that accurate modelling the effects of occlusion and degradation in detection, significant improvements in performance can be obtained.
Animating by example

In this paper, we propose an example‐driven synthesis approach to create 3D animation of a target character. Our approach consists of the following steps: (a) a sketch‐based mapping between parts of the sources and corresponding portions of the target; (b) calculating the affine matrix of the source mesh for each vertex; (c) deforming the target based on the deformations of the corresponding parts of the sources by means of mean value coordinates. We provide new research contributions on all these topics and integrate them into our newly developed prototype animating system. Our approach is general and does not require the sources and target to share the same number of vertices or triangles, or to have matching connectivity. In our system, source animations can be any 3D animations and the target can even be unstructured or point cloud. Our approach is intuitive and is able to produce highly authentic 3D animations. We demonstrate our approach by constructing a full angel animation video from parts of kid and dolphin animations. Other animating examples produced from our prototype system are also given in the paper to illustrate our approach. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cross-sector user and provider perceptions on experiences of shared-care clozapine: a qualitative study

Objectives (1) To explore individual perceptions on experiences of people receiving and/or delivering a shared-care clozapine serviceand (2) to gain an understanding of effectiveness and acceptability of shared-care clozapine. Design Interpretative phenomenological analysis guided the delivery and analysis of a semistructured interview and focus group study designed to explore participant experience of shared-care clozapine. Ethical approval 13/EM/0286 was gained in July 2013 from East Midlands—Nottingham 1 REC. Participants Eight stakeholder groups from Adult and Forensic Mental Health involved in shared-care clozapine provision delivered in primary care were identified for recruitment from one mental health trust in England (six different groups of healthcare professionals (HCPs), clozapine service users (CSUs) and their carers). To be eligible for recruitment, all potential participants had to be either providing, receiving or the carer of a person receiving clozapine by shared care. Results 32 HCPs and 6 CSUs were recruited and 14 interviews and 6 participant homogenous focus groups were run. Four shared superordinate themes were identified: Clozapine Process, The Sharing of Care, The Provision of Care and Multi-professional Relationships. Differences between Adult and Forensic engagement in shared care were noted and both HCP and CSU relationships were mapped to the Wish conceptual framework of relationships to provide insight into how shared-care clozapine can provide a mechanism for provision of person-centred care, which was present in the Forensic HCP–CSU but not General Adult HCP–CSU relationship. Conclusions The Forensic HCP/CSU relationship demonstrated how cross-sector working through shared-care clozapine can provide a mechanism for provision of person-centred care by enabling a person-centred focus to care delivery which supported CSUs to live as independently as possible. Person-centred care demonstrably improves patient care outcomes and wider implementation of shared-care clozapine could provide greater integration of people with serious mental illness and reduce stigma within the community while improving patient outcomes.
High speed analog fiber optical transmission link based on voltage to frequency converter technique for ITER-India Gyrotron test facility

Electron Cyclotron (EC) system is one of the RF auxiliary heating and current drive systems, based on high power, high frequency Gyrotron sources, is used for fusion plasma applications. To test a Gyrotron, various auxiliary systems like super conducting magnet, High Voltage Power Supplies (HVPS), auxiliary power supplies, cooling water system, waveguide components and a Local Control Unit (LCU) are required. LCU plays very crucial role for safe and reliable operation of the Gyrotron system. The LCU consists of Sequence & real time control, Interlock protection, Real time Data acquisition and signal conditioning. A reliable high speed, precise and high frequency analog signal conditioning/transmission in harsh Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) environment with ground & high voltage isolation and filtering are utmost requirements for some critical operational parameter transmission; provided by this analog fiber optical link. The critical field signals will be coming from various sub-systems such as high voltage power supplies (-55kV Main HVPS and 35kV Body Power supply) and Gyrotron diagnostic system (RF power, arc signals etc.). It is important to develop a high speed and precision analog fiber optic transmission link for monitoring and acquisition of such critical parameter analysis during operation and post processing. A prototype modular fiber optic analog transmission link has been designed and developed indigenously based on the technology of Voltage-to-Frequency (V/F) and Frequency-to-Voltage (F/V) conversion and successfully tested in laboratory environment. This paper presents requirements, approach, detail design, features and performance test results.
Simulating Bone Atrophy and Its Effects on the Structure and Stability of the Trabecular Bone

According to the world health organization (WHO) osteoporosis is considered to belong to the ten most important diseases worldwide. It is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture (NIH, 2000). Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder in which bones become brittle and prone to fracture. The underlying reason for the occurrence of osteoporosis is that the two processes being responsible for bone remodelling turn out of balance. Bone tissue is continuously resorbed by special bone cells, the so-called osteoclasts. On the other hand, the formation of bone also takes place by the action of other bone cells, namely the osteoblasts. These cells form new bone. The bone formation is, however, not uniform. It is rather controlled by an external mechanical stimulus such that more bone material is produced at those sites where the local stress is larger. This leads to an adaptation of the inner bone structure (trabecular bone) to externally acting forces on the bone (Mullender & Huiskes, 1995). Thereby, a minimal-weight structure, that is adapted to its applied stresses, is formed as it was already correctly conjectured by Julius Wolff as early as in 1892 (Wolff, 1892). In a healthy bone there exists an equilibrium between bone formation and bone resorption, whereas in an osteoporotic bone more bone resorption than formation takes place, which leads to a rarefied network of the trabecular bone. Besides this disease induced effect the rarefication of the inner bone structure can also have other causes like living under zero gravity conditions, immobility or age-related atrophy as the most common example. Advances in modern imaging modalities like high resolution magnetic resonance (HRMR) or micro computed tomography (μCT) imaging have led to great improvements of the image quality especially in terms of spatial resolution which now allows for a proper threedimensional visualisation of the trabecular network. Having these highly resolved data at
Yeast vacuole fusion: A model system for eukaryotic endomembrane dynamics

Vesicular transport in eukaryotic cells is concluded with the consumption of the vesicle at the target membrane. This fusion process relies on Rabs, tethers and SNAREs. Powerful in vitro fusion systems using isolated organelles were crucial to obtain insights into the underlying mechanism of membrane fusion—from the initiation of fusion to lipid bilayer mixing. Among these systems, yeast vacuoles turned out to be particularly useful as they can be manipulated biochemically and genetically, and can be analyzed by fluorescence microscopy techniques, and studies relying on this organelle have revealed insights into the connection of vacuole fusion to endomembrane biogenesis. A number of fusion factors were identified and characterized over the last several years, and placed into the fusion cascade. Within this review, we will present and discuss the current state of our knowledge on vacuole fusion.
Effect of lingual enamel sandblasting with aluminum oxide of different particle sizes in combination with phosphoric acid etching on indirect bonding of lingual brackets.

OBJECTIVE To compare bond strength and bond failure location of lingual brackets indirectly bonded after lingual enamel sandblasting with 27-, 50-, and 90-µm aluminum oxide particles followed by 37% phosphoric acid etching. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty maxillary premolars were randomly divided into four equal groups according to the method of lingual enamel surface conditioning: Group 1 (control) was etched with 37% phosphoric acid, and group 2, group 3, and group 4 were sandblasted with 27-, 50-, and 90-µm aluminum oxide particles, respectively, prior to acid etching. Lingual brackets were indirectly bonded using the same protocol and adhesive (Sondhi) in all groups. The maximum shear bond strength required to debond the brackets was measured using a testing machine, and the bond failure location was classified according to the adhesive remnant index (ARI). Analysis of variance was used to compare the mean bond strength between groups. The differences between ARI scores were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in mean shear bond strength or ARI scores between the four enamel-conditioning procedures. CONCLUSION Lingual enamel sandblasting using different particle sizes of aluminum oxide prior to phosphoric acid etching did not increase the shear bond strength of indirectly bonded brackets and did not affect the amount of adhesive remnant on the enamel.
NADH in situ laser fluorimetry: Effect of pentobarbital on continuously monitored myocardial redox state

NAHD laser fluorimetry was applied to in situ monitoring of pentobarbital overload effect on myocardial redox state in rats. Experiments were carried out on open‐chest rats anesthetized with pentobarbital. Use of very thin optical probes allowed measurements of NADH fluorescence directly within the myocardial wall. Quantitative analysis of fluorescent and backscattered light signals was made possible on‐line.
Viral Reprogramming of the Daxx Histone H3.3 Chaperone during Early Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Host chromatin assembly can function as a barrier to viral infection. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes latent infection as chromatin-assembled episomes in which all but a few viral genes are transcriptionally silent. The factors that control chromatin assembly and guide transcription regulation during the establishment of latency are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that the EBV tegument protein BNRF1 binds the histone H3.3 chaperone Daxx to modulate histone mobility and chromatin assembly on the EBV genome during the early stages of primary infection. We demonstrate that BNRF1 substitutes for the repressive cochaperone ATRX to form a ternary complex of BNRF1-Daxx-H3.3-H4, using coimmunoprecipitation and size-exclusion chromatography with highly purified components. FRAP (fluorescence recovery after photobleaching) assays were used to demonstrate that BNRF1 promotes global mobilization of cellular histone H3.3. Mutation of putative nucleotide binding motifs on BNRF1 attenuates the displacement of ATRX from Daxx. We also show by immunofluorescence combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization that BNRF1 is important for the dissociation of ATRX and Daxx from nuclear bodies during de novo infection of primary B lymphocytes. Virion-delivered BNRF1 suppresses Daxx-ATRX-mediated H3.3 loading on viral chromatin as measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and enhances viral gene expression during early infection. We propose that EBV tegument protein BNRF1 replaces ATRX to reprogram Daxx-mediated H3.3 loading, in turn generating chromatin suitable for latent gene expression. IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus that efficiently establishes latent infection in primary B lymphocytes. Cellular chromatin assembly plays an important role in regulating the establishment of EBV latency. We show that the EBV tegument protein BNRF1 functions to regulate chromatin assembly on the viral genome during early infection. BNRF1 alters the host cellular chromatin assembly to prevent antiviral repressive chromatin and establish chromatin structure permissive for viral gene expression and the establishment of latent infection.
[The impact of an asthmatic patient education program on asthma control and quality of life].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of an asthmatic patient education program on asthma control and quality of life. METHODS The program, which consisted of a special clinic for asthma, an asthma education center and the Asthmatic Patients Association, was carried out in Peking University People's Hospital. Interview-administered questionnaire of two groups of adult outpatients between Apr. and Jun. in 2005, the educated group (56 cases), including those having taken part in the asthma education program, and the control group (30 cases), including those of another hospital in Beijing without systematic asthma education program. The level of control of asthma and the quality of life in the past 8 weeks were evaluated and compared. RESULTS The rate of well-controlled asthma for the two groups was 61% (34 cases) and 10% (3 cases), respectively (chi2 = 20.50, P < 0.01); and the total score of quality of life for the two groups was 155 +/- 12 and 132 +/- 24, respectively (t = 5.17, P < 0.01). The results in the educated group were all better than those in the control group, the differences between the two groups being statistically significant. CONCLUSION Our asthmatic patient education program can significantly improve asthma control and quality of life.
Updating Biodiversity Studies in Loricate Protists: The Case of the Tintinnids (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Spirotrichea)

Species determination is crucial in biodiversity research. In tintinnids, identification is based almost exclusively on the lorica, despite its frequent intraspecific variability and interspecific similarity. We suggest updated procedures for identification and, depending on the aim of the study, further steps to obtain morphological, molecular, and ecological data. Our goal is to help improving the collection of information (e.g. species re‐/descriptions and DNA barcodes) that is essential for generating a natural tintinnid classification and a reliable reference for environmental surveys. These suggestions are broadly useful for protistologists because they exemplify data integration, quality/effort compromise, and the need for scientific collaborations.
Towards a Conceptual Model of Broadband Diffusion

Although Information Systems (IS) research has paid attention to the understanding of users’ adoption of technology, researchers have had a minimal focus upon the application of various adoption models that study a consumer’s adoption of technology. An attempt to fill this gap is undertaken in this research. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the extant information systems literature related to users and/or consumers’ adoption of technology with an emphasis on broadband and to develop a conceptual model based upon the review. To achieve the overall aim, three objectives are proposed and they are: (1) to review and assess the appropriateness of previous technology adoption models and constructs; (2) to identify the appropriate constructs from various models that are used to understand the household diffusion of broadband; and (3) to formulate research hypotheses and to develop a model of broadband adoption. The contributions of this paper are: it integrates the appropriate information systems (IS) literature in order to enhance our knowledge of technology adoption from the consumer perspectives; and provides clear directions for future research. That is, first, this paper evaluates the flexibility of various models for studying technology adoption issues. Second, it assimilates previous research findings to develop a coherent and comprehensive picture of the technology adoption research conducted in the IS field. Third, this paper introduces a conceptual model that integrates factors from different technology adoption models to study home technology diffusion from a consumer perspective. Finally, the future research directions to this research are provided in the concluding section.
Peak power in obese and nonobese adolescents: effects of gender and braking force.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the cycling peak power (CPP) of obese compared with nonobese adolescents and to identify possible effects of braking force (BF) and gender on CPP. To adjust for differences in body size, we used ratio standard and allometric model. METHODS Obese (26 girls, 18 boys) and nonobese (30 girls, 20 boys) adolescents participated. Fat-free mass (FFM) was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in obese and by anthropometric method in nonobese groups. A force-velocity test was used to measure peak power (flywheel inertia included) for BF corresponding to applied load: 25, 50, and 75 g x kg(-1) body mass (BM). The highest peak power was defined as CPP. RESULTS CPP was independent of BF in nonobese adolescents but dependent in obese adolescents. The optimal braking load is approximately 6.5% FFM. Absolute CPP was higher in obese than nonobese adolescents. Related to BM, CPP was significantly lower in obese than nonobese adolescents, using the standard ratio or the allometric model. These differences disappeared when CPP was related to FFM. Multiple stepwise regression showed that FFM was the most important explanatory variable of the variance of CPP (72%) in obese and nonobese adolescents. No significant difference between obese and nonobese adolescents occurred when Fopt was related to FFM (standard or power function ratios used). There was no gender effect on CPP, and the manner of expressing CPP did not affect the results. However, girls showed a higher FFM-related Fopt than boys, using standard and power function ratios. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference between obese and nonobese girls and boys for anaerobic performance (CPP and Fopt) when FFM was taken into account.
Fault Tolerant Approach for Memories Using Remote Direct Memory Access ( RDMA )

the hardware implementations of a local memory system in an individual processor inside the future chip multiprocessors (CMP) supports both implicit communication using caches, and explicit communication using directly accessible local memories, better known as scratchpads and remote DMA (RDMA). Here the run-time configurability of the SRAM block for each processor on the chip is examined, so that a part of the processor operates as the local cache and the remaining portion of the processor operates as a scratchpad. In this paper interest is also towards merging the communication subsystem required by the cache memory and scratchpad onto a single integrated network interface (NI) and cache controller (CC). Unifying the network interface and the cache controller helps in economizing on the circuits. The processor on the chip multiprocessor communicates with the ni at the user-level, using a virtualized command area that synchronises with the scratchpad. The network interface (NI) provides efficient support for the synchronization using two basic hardware concepts of counters and queues. Such a arrangement enhances the reliability and the throughput. Here four micro-blaze processors, each with 64 kbytes of local Sram is integrated on the CMP along with a crossbar NoC, and a dram controller onto a Xilinx-5 Fpga. Such a system would lead to a single way, end-to-end, userlevel communication to be completed within a span 30 clock cycles for relatively small transfer sizes. Key WordsChip Multiprocessor (CMP), Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA), Cache, Xilinx 5 FPGA.