Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bioactivity‐based molecular networking‐guided identification of guttiferone J from Garcinia cambogia as an anti‐obesity candidate

Pharmacological intervention to induce browning of white adipose tissue provides a promising anti‐obesity therapy. The fruits of Garcinia cambogia (Clusiaceae) have been widely applied to manage body weight; however, the chemical principles remain unclear. The current study aims to discover browning inducers from the fruits of G. cambogia and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Mechanics efficacy of steel deck thickness for pavement performance on orthotropic deck

The sensitivity of deck thickness for pavement mechanics responding by wheel loading on orthotropic deck is analyzed,by finite element method,based on liner elastic theory and layer theory.The distribution and numerical value of the deflection and draught stress also with the main shear stress in certain layer location of series deck thickness orthotropic system are worked out here,reasonable deck thickness value is also advised.The results can provide theoretical reference for the paving design and steel bridge design.
FLS2–RBOHD–PIF4 Module Regulates Plant Response to Drought and Salt Stress

As sessile organisms, plants are constantly challenged by several environmental stresses. Different kinds of stress often occur simultaneously, leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOHD) and calcium fluctuation in cells. Extensive studies have revealed that flagellin sensitive 2 (FLS2) can sense the infection by pathogenic microorganisms and activate cellular immune response by regulating intracellular ROS and calcium signals, which can also be activated during plant response to abiotic stress. However, little is known about the roles of FLS2 and RBOHD in regulating abiotic stress. In this study, we found that although the fls2 mutant showed tolerance, the double mutant rbohd rbohf displayed hypersensitivity to abiotic stress, similar to its performance in response to immune stress. An analysis of the transcriptome of the fls2 mutant and rbohd rbohf double mutant revealed that phytochrome interacting factor 4 (PIF4) acted downstream of FLS2 and RBOHD to respond to the abiotic stress. Further analysis showed that both FLS2 and RBOHD regulated the response of plants to drought and salt stress by regulating the expression of PIF4. These findings revealed an FLS2–RBOHD–PIF4 module in regulating plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Estimation of Forest Aboveground Biomass of Two Major Conifers in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, from PALSAR-2 and Sentinel-2 Data

Forest biomass is a crucial component of the global carbon budget in climate change studies. Therefore, it is essential to develop a credible way to estimate forest biomass as carbon stock. Our study used PALSAR-2 (ALOS-2) and Sentinel-2 images to drive the Random Forest regression model, which we trained with airborne lidar data. We used the model to estimate forest aboveground biomass (AGB) of two significant coniferous trees, Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress, in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. We used 48 variables derived from the two remote sensing datasets to predict forest AGB under the Random Forest algorithm, and found that the model that combined the two datasets performed better than models based on only one dataset, with R2 = 0.31, root-mean-square error (RMSE) = 54.38 Mg ha−1, mean absolute error (MAE) = 40.98 Mg ha−1, and relative RMSE (rRMSE) of 0.35 for Japanese cedar, and R2 = 0.37, RMSE = 98.63 Mg ha−1, MAE = 76.97 Mg ha−1, and rRMSE of 0.33 for Japanese cypress, over the whole AGB range. In the satellite AGB map, the total AGB of Japanese cedar in 17 targeted cities in Ibaraki Prefecture was 5.27 Pg, with a mean of 146.50 Mg ha−1 and a standard deviation of 44.37 Mg ha−1. The total AGB of Japanese cypress was 3.56 Pg, with a mean of 293.12 Mg ha−1 and a standard deviation of 78.48 Mg ha−1. We also found a strong linear relationship with between the model estimates and Japanese government data, with R2 = 0.99 for both species and found the government information underestimates the AGB for cypress but overestimates it for cedar. Our results reveal that combining information from multiple sensors can predict forest AGB with increased accuracy and robustness.
Differential settlement effect on reliability of bridge superstructure and implementation in Load and Resistance Factor Design specification

Maximum deterministic differential settlement is used in current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Load and Resistance Factor Design specification. However, the deterministic differential foundation settlement is quite different from the actual settlement due to the soil’s large variability. This article investigates the effects of the random differential foundation settlement on the reliability of bridge superstructure. A lognormal distribution with a coefficient of variation of 0.25 of random settlement is used in reliability analysis. Dead and live loads are modeled as random variables with normal and Gumbel Type I distributions, respectively. Then, the reliability of bridge superstructure considering random differential settlement effect is calculated using the first-order reliability method. Considering the regional traffic condition on Missouri roadways, the effect of a live load reduction factor on bridge reliability is investigated. The reliability indices of 14 existed bridges and 31 new designed multi-span girder bridges are calculated. It is demonstrated that small change in differential settlement can significantly reduce the reliability of the superstructure, depending upon the span length and rigidity of the girder. For the 31 new designed bridges without the settlement consideration in design can tolerate an extreme settlement of L/500 without reduced live loads and L/2500 with reduced live loads in the case of a bridge reliability index of 3.5. The reliability analysis results also indicate that without reduced live loads, current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials specification with a load factor of 1.0 for the differential settlement has enough safe margins within an allowable settlement of L/250. However, when live loads are reduced, the load factor for settlement has to be amplified. The calibrated load factor curve of differential settlement within allowable settlement L/250 is provided to achieve the target reliability index of 3.5.
The Effectiveness of Interactive Patient Education on Adherence to Leprosy Medications in an Ambulatory Care Setting Indonesia: A Randomized Control Trial

BACKGROUND: Poor treatment adherence has been linked to recurrence and the development of antibiotic resistance in leprosy patients. Previous research has shown that structured health education programs improve treatment adherence in other patients, but similar research in leprosy patients is lacking. AIM: This study aimed to assess the effect of interactive patient education on adherence to leprosy medications in an ambulatory care setting in Indonesia. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted between January and April 2021. The research was conducted at a public health center in West Papua, Indonesia. This RCT employed 1:1 randomization to allocate participants to one of two groups. Eligibility criteria included those aged over 18 years old and diagnosed with leprosy at least 6 months. An interactive patient education program included four intervention steps that lasted 1 month, with four sessions lasting 60–90 min each week. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale was used to assess medication adherence. The difference-in-differences technique was used to evaluate the variances between T0 and T1 and T0 for the intervention versus control groups (DID). RESULTS: Approximately, 200 participants agreed to join in this study (response rate = 72.5%). An interactive patient education program improved outcomes relative to the control at T1; medication adherence increased 0.11 (95% CI 0.01–0.25). At T2, improved outcomes relative to the control were observed in medication adherence (DID coefficient 0.31 (95% CI 0.10–0.59). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that an interactive patient education program could effectively enhance medication adherence. Therefore, it is advised that health care professionals working with leprosy patients participate in the development of patient education programs and establish therapeutic partnerships with their patients.
On the challenge of diversity: case studies of headteachers andschool quality management

Clanek se zaměřuje na praci ředitelů dvou zakladnich skol (6-15). Jako dominantni znak jejich aktivit jsme shledali snahu o řizeni kvality ve skole. Termin "řizeni kvality" se použiva buď jako soubor cinnosti vedouci k podpoře existujicich standardů chodu skoly (toto poskytovani je nahliženo jako dobre) nebo ke změně toho, co je považovano za selhavajici - směrem k vice vyhovujicimu stavu. Zaměřili jsme se na dvě relativni koncepce: definice řizeni kvality skoly podle obsahu a koncepce samostatneho vedeni. Tyto dvě koncepce budou použity k posouzeni cinnosti obou ředitelů, jejich vzajemnemu srovnani a popsani vzhtahu výsledků k sirsimu kontextu skolniho managementu v soucasne ceske spolecnosti.
Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that deteriorates cognitive function. Patients with AD generally exhibit neuroinflammation, elevated beta-amyloid (Aβ), tau phosphorylation (p-tau), and other pathological changes in the brain. The kynurenine pathway (KP) and several of its metabolites, especially quinolinic acid (QA), are considered to be involved in the neuropathogenesis of AD. The important metabolites and key enzymes show significant importance in neuroinflammation and AD. Meanwhile, the discovery of changed levels of KP metabolites in patients with AD suggests that KP metabolites may have a prominent role in the pathogenesis of AD. Further, some KP metabolites exhibit other effects on the brain, such as oxidative stress regulation and neurotoxicity. Both analogs of the neuroprotective and antineuroinflammation metabolites and small molecule enzyme inhibitors preventing the formation of neurotoxic and neuroinflammation compounds may have potential therapeutic significance. This review focused on the KP metabolites through the relationship of neuroinflammation in AD, significant KP metabolites, and associated molecular mechanisms as well as the utility of these metabolites as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AD. The objective is to provide references to find biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with AD.
Examining Online to Offline Service Using Augmented Reality

The ways providers communicate with their customers have been changed due to Online to Offline (O2O) service. In O2O service, providers are able to find consumers in virtual environment (online) and bring them into real world stores (offline). In this situation, this study regarded Augmented Reality (AR) as an effective tool of O2O service, since AR has a feature of providing virtual 3D images or information that superimposed on the real-world view, which can ultimately enhance customer"s experience. For instance, by using wearable computer such as Google Glass, people can receive virtual information on top of the real world view such as cultural heritage sites, artifacts, masterpieces and so on. Therefore, this study considered AR as an effective way to provide customers with better experience and cause customers" intention to visit destination. To be more specific, drawn from Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we investigated the causal mechanism underlying customer"s beliefs about AR (usability, enjoyment and aesthetics), AR evaluation and attitudes toward AR, and the impact of attitudes toward AR, time resource, subjective norm on intention to use AR and intention to visit Art Gallery. While the results showed that time resource have an influence on only intention to use AR, and attitude toward AR have an impact on only intention to visit Art Gallery, subjective norm was found to be predictor of both intentions. Intention to use AR was found to influence intention to visit Art Gallery. These results are supporting our augments that AR can be an effective tool in O2O service. With these results, we provide theoretical and practical implications.
An Improvement of Steerable Pyramid denoising method

: The use of wavelets in denoising, seems to be an advantage in representing well the details. However, the edges are not so well preserved. Total variation technique has advantages over simple denoising techniques such as linear smoothing or median filtering, which reduce noise, but at the same time smooth away edges to a greater or lesser degree. In this paper, an efficient denoising method based on Total Variation model (TV), and Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT) is proposed to incorporate both properties. In our method, TV is employed to refine low-passed coefficients and DTCWT is used to shrink high-passed noisy coefficients to achieve more accurate image recovery. The efficiency of our approach is firstly analyzed by comparing the results with well-known methods such as probShrink, BLS-GSM, SUREbivariate, NL-Means and TV model. Secondly, it is compared to some denoising methods, which have been reported recently. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the Steerable pyramid denoising by 8.5% in terms of PSNR and 17.5% in terms of SSIM for standard images. Obtained results convince us that the proposed scheme provides a better performance in noise blocking among reported state-of-the-art methods.
MESSCH PROTOCOL AN ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR WSN

The rapid development in the diversified sensor based devices with the communicating module through unguided media has led the researchers to extend their research works in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The WSN contains large number of nodes that can be deployed in an area to monitor and then the nodes send their sense data somehow to the base station or Sink Node. The nodes run on button cell (3 volt) and are deployed in varied environments, so to maximize their operability and lifetime of the whole WSN network; the routing is an important issue. In this paper I have developed and analysed Maximum Energy Selection Static Clustering Hierarchy (MESSCH), Protocol architecture for WSN. The proposed protocol inherits the traits of an Energy Efficient there by increasing the network lifetime and minimizing the latency of the network. MESSCH is an static clustering hierarchy protocol where the cluster heads are rotated among the nodes in the respective cluster there by uniformly Expending the Energy among all the nodes. The proposed MESSCH protocol is simulated in the MatLab and is analysed accordingly which shows that the life time of the network increased compared to the LEACH protocol.
Challenges and Advances in Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Simple Summary Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy has increased treatment options for many patients who have failed standard chemotherapy. So far, CAR therapy has been used more frequently in B-cell mediated cancers due to unique challenges posed by patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and concern for life-threatening side effects. This review discusses both challenges to creating effective and safe CARs for use in AML, as well as recent advances in CAR development both in pre-clinical and human studies. Overall, continued improvement in AML CAR therapy would be of great benefit to a disease that still has a high morbidity and mortality. Abstract The advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has led to dramatic remission rates in multiple relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies. While CAR T-cell therapy has been particularly successful as a treatment for B-cell malignancies, effectively treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with CARs has posed a larger challenge. AML not only creates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that dampens CAR T-cell responses, but it also lacks many unique tumor-associated antigens, making leukemic-specific targeting difficult. One advantage of CAR T-cell therapy compared to alternative treatment options is the ability to provide prolonged antigen-specific immune effector and surveillance functions. Since many AML CAR targets under investigation including CD33, CD117, and CD123 are also expressed on hematopoietic stem cells, CAR T-cell therapy can lead to severe and potentially lethal myeloablation. Novel strategies to combat these issues include creation of bispecific CARs, CAR T-cell “safety switches”, TCR-like CARs, NK CARs, and universal CARs, but all vary in their ability to provide a sustained remission, and consolidation with an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) will be necessary in most cases This review highlights the delicate balance between effectively eliminating AML blasts and leukemic stem cells, while preserving the ability for bone marrow to regenerate. The impact of CAR therapy on treatment landscape of AML and changing scope of allo-HCT is discussed. Continued advances in AML CAR therapy would be of great benefit to a disease that still has high morbidity and mortality.
PRPsym: A Modeling System for Simulation of Stochastic Water Demands

PRPsym is a computer program that provides a platform for simulating stochastic water uses and then aggregating stochastic and deterministic water demands at network nodes. In PRPsym, residential water demands are further categorized into indoor and outdoor stochastic water use to more accurately represent water consumption behavior. A non-homogeneous Poisson Rectangular Pulse (PRP) process is used to characterize the stochastic intensity, duration and frequency of water demands for indoor or outdoor water uses. Validation tests show numerical simulations with PRPsym are reasonably consistent with theoretical values for many benchmark criteria of the analytical PRP model. PRPsym provides flexible options to control the generation of stochastic water demands and output of results. It can be used to generate a water demand series with any time scale from one second to one day for network nodes or fixtures in a household. It can also be setup to produce files that can be directly used to run EPANET. PRPsym is built with an object-oriented method to provide robust and fast simulation of water demands. As such, PRPsym is a powerful tool for planning and managing water distribution networks.
APPLICATION OF DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATED MDO ENVIRONMENT TO AERO/ACOUSTIC SHAPE OPTIMIZATION OF A FAN BLADE

This work discusses application of an automated multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) system to noise control in turbomachinery. Numerous issues in the automated optimization procedure, such as those related to proper geometry parameterization, algorithms selection, and transparent interconnections between different elements of the optimization process are discussed. In benchmark test studies, the work examines a problem of blade shape optimization to minimize fan (rotor) noise, the dominant source of sound radiation both in high-speed fan applications (such as high-bypass-ratio turbofans, propellers of turboprop and IC engines in general aviation, and helicopter rotors) and low-speed ones (including applications in automotive, computer, air-conditioning and other industries). For low-speed fan applications, an approach is developed based on using an unstructured RANS solver coupled with an automated mesh generator. In the high-speed open-rotor project, the automated optimal blade design process employs a response analysis module developed on the basis of panel-based aerodynamic code integrated with an integral acoustic solver. Success of various optimization algorithms (including gradient-based and evolutionary) in finding global minima of the objective function for a noise metric in both unconstrained and constrained optimization processes is examined.
Analysis on characteristics of dynamic signal for bolt anchorage system

Based on the dynamic tests on models of a bolt anchorage system,the time-frequency analysis of dynamic signals for the bolt anchorage system was made,and the accurate signal characteristics were acquired through modern signal processing methods.It was shown that short-term Fourier transform of the signals could indicate the signal intensity in the phase plane and the reflected signal from the bolt bottom was clear but the reflected signal from the bolt impairment could not be identified.With increasing of the quantity of bolt impairment or level of bolts,the energy of the reflected signals increased.The distribution of energy of the signals could be obtained in time and frequency domains by calculating Wigner-Ville distribution.The reflected energy was different among the bolts with various impairments.The approximate position and degree of signal variation could be analyzed and compared with those of the integrity bolts.Wavelet analysis provided more diagnostic information about bolt anchorage quality and was more suitable for the identification of dynamic test signal for bolt anchorage system with impairments.
The ecological assembly of bacterial communities in Antarctic wetlands varies across levels of phylogenetic resolution

Summary As functional traits are conserved at different phylogenetic depths, the ability to detect community assembly processes can be conditional on the phylogenetic resolution; yet most previous work quantifying their influence has focused on a single level of phylogenetic resolution. Here, we have studied the ecological assembly of bacterial communities from an Antarctic wetland complex, applying null models across different levels of phylogenetic resolution (i.e. clustering ASVs into OTUs with decreasing sequence identity thresholds). We found that the relative influence of the community assembly processes varies with phylogenetic resolution. More specifically, selection processes seem to impose stronger influence at finer (100% sequence similarity ASV) than at coarser (99%–97% sequence similarity OTUs) resolution. We identified environmental features related with the ecological processes and propose a conceptual model for the bacterial community assembly in this Antarctic ecosystem. Briefly, eco‐evolutionary processes appear to be leading to different but very closely related ASVs in lotic, lentic and terrestrial environments. In all, this study shows that assessing community assembly processes at different phylogenetic resolutions is key to improve our understanding of microbial ecology. More importantly, a failure to detect selection processes at coarser phylogenetic resolution does not imply the absence of such processes at finer resolutions.