Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound imaging for the rheumatologist. XLVII. Ultrasound of the shoulder in patients with gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.

OBJECTIVES This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of ultrasound (US) morpho-structural changes in the shoulders of patients with crystal-related arthropathies, and at investigating the relationship between them and the clinical findings. METHODS Eighty-eight patients with a crystal proven diagnosis of gout or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) disease attending the in-patient and the out-patient clinics of four Italian Rheumatology Departments were consecutively enrolled in this multi-centre study. All patients were clinically examined by an expert rheumatologist who recorded clinical and laboratory data in addition to the presence/absence of spontaneous shoulder pain and performed the Hawkins, Jobe, Patte, Gerber, and Speed tests. In each centre, US examinations were carried out by a rheumatologist expert in musculoskeletal US blinded to clinical data, using a MyLab TWICE XVG machine (Esaote SpA, Genoa, Italy) equipped with a linear probe operating at 4-13 MHz, and a Logiq 9 machine (General Electrics Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with a linear probe operating at 9-14 MHz. Shoulders were scanned to detect peri-articular inflammation, rotator cuff pathology and joint involvement, and to reveal US signs indicative of crystal deposits. RESULTS A total of 88 patients, 39 with gout, 46 with CPPD disease, and 3 with both gout and CPPD disease, were enrolled. In total, 176 shoulders were clinically assessed, of which 54/176 (30%) were painful and 74/176 (42%) were clinically normal shoulders. All US findings indicative of peri-articular synovial inflammation were more frequently detected in patients with CPPD disease than in gouty patients. In 50 out of 176 (28.4%) shoulders, US allowed the detection of at least one finding indicative of synovial inflammation. Chronic tendinopathy was a frequent US finding both in gout patients and in patients with CPPD disease and the supraspinatus tendon was the most frequently involved one. In CPPD disease the supraspinatus tendon was found ruptured in a number of shoulders seven times higher than in gouty patients. The osteophytes were found at acromion-clavicular joint in nearly 80% of the shoulders in CPPD disease and in 60% in the gouty patients. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study confirm the high specificity of US findings indicative of crystal deposits at hyaline cartilage level and indicate that the supraspinatus tendon and the fibrocartilage of the acromion-clavicular joint are the most frequently affected structures of the shoulders in patients with crystal-related arthropathies.
Special power electronics topics

Session 2 covers a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from circuit analysis methods through new circuit configurations to system applications, and also a component testing technique. In the first paper, Hayner et al. introduce a new pulse-width-modulated dc-to-dc boost converter, the Venable converter, in which current is fed continuously to the output capacitor, thereby alleviating the filtering requirements. In addition, the converter has high efficiency and transfer function properties that do not depend upon the duty ratio. Rostad et al, in the second paper,describe the application of the Venable converter to a series of satellite TWT power processors.
Distributed Data-aggregation Consensus for Sensor Networks: Relaxation of Consensus Concept and Convergence Property

Abstract : This project considers the problem of localization and tracking an underwater target from bearings-only measurements obtained by static underwater sensors. Nodes communicate their local observations over volatile, unreliable underwater channels with the aim being to improve the overall accuracy of each sensors estimate, while also aligning the estimates so that all nodes agree on the target location. This report summarizes our initial investigation of having each node locally run a particle filter for state estimation.
A cognitive model of the web user

The present work describes a novel approach by applying a neurophysiological theory of decision making for describing web user browsing behavior. A dynamic stochastic model of the decision making process is proposed. Such a model is based on the Leaky Competing Accumulator (LCA) model of neurophysiology. It describes the neural activity of different brain regions during the subject resolution of the decision, by means of a stochastic process that evolves until an activity reaches a given threshold that fires the decision. Such a class of stochastic processes applied to decision making has been experimentally studied for nearly forty years. In this context, a web user is confronted with deciding which link to follow according to his/her own purposes, and the process is repeated again for each visited page until leaving the web site. The parameters of the model are adjusted by means of the maximum likelihood method, using the observed sequences of pages and the time spent on each of them. It has been observed that nearly 73% of the real distribution is recovered by this method.
Characteristics Analysis and Comparison of High-Speed 4/2 and Hybrid 4/4 Poles Switched Reluctance Motor

This paper presents a characteristics analysis and performance comparison of high-speed two-phase 4/2 and hybrid single-phase 4/4 switched reluctance motors (SRMs). Although the motors are advantageous as high-speed drives, both conventional structures have high torque ripple as a result of the presence of the torque dead zone. In this paper, solutions to the torque dead zone problem for each motor are discussed. For the 4/2 SRM, a wide-rotor stepper-type is adopted, while for the 4/4 SRM, the structure is changed to a hybrid by adding permanent magnets (PMs). Both motors have a non-uniform air gap to modify their inductance profile, which leads to the elimination of the torque dead zone. A finite-element method was used to analyze the characteristics of each motor. Then, the manufactured motors were tested through experiments, and lastly, their performance was compared.
The relationship between positive affect and early maladaptive schemas ( emotional deprivation – Disconnection – Uncompromising standards ) in patients with clinical depression

Background: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and one of the most common psychiatric disorders among adults. Psychological factors and variables representing the depression due to the debilitating process is a necessary condition which should be deemed. Method: In this research project, using the diagnostic interview SCID-1, only patients with a clinical diagnosis of depression on axis 1, were included. The population studied included all patients with depressive disorders only in axis one and the other axes had no other diagnosis. And the sample, 75 patients with depression in ebne Sina hospital in Mashhad and Rouzbeh psychiatric hospital in tehran. The project was performed in 1391-1392. From the patient, Young Schema questionnaire (3schemas, emotional deprivation abandonment uncompromising standards ) , Beck Depression Inventory 2 and positive affect – negative scale were taken . The statistical method used to evaluate the research hypotheses was multiple regressions. Results: The data obtained from this study were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The given schemas had meaningful contribution in predicting the positive affect of depressed patients. Results: As EMS theory suggests that schemas, had a significant contribution in emotion, in this study Early maladaptive schemas had an ability to predict the positive affect of patients.
Unsupervised Segmentation Evaluation for Image Annotation

Unsupervised segmentation evaluation measures are usually validated against human-generated ground-truth. Nevertheless, with the recent growth of image classification methods that use hierarchical segmentation-based representations, it would be desirable to assess the performance of unsupervised segmentation evaluation to select the most suitable levels to perform recognition tasks. Another problem is that unsupervised segmentation evaluation measures use only low-level features, which makes difficult to evaluate how well an object is outlined. In this paper we propose to use four semantic measures, that combined with other state-of-the-art measures improve the evaluation results and also, we validate the results of each unsupervised measure against an image annotation algorithm ground truth, showing that using measures that try to emulate human behaviour is not necessarily what an automatic recognition algorithm may need. We employed the Stanford Background Dataset to validate an image annotation algorithm that includes segmentation evaluation as starting point, and the proposed combination of unsupervised measures showed the best annotation accuracy results.
A KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX Protein Regulates Abscission in Tomato by Modulating the Auxin Pathway1[OPEN]

A KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX protein regulates abscission through modulating auxin concentration and transport. A gene encoding a KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX PROTEIN1 (KD1) is highly expressed in both leaf and flower abscission zones. Reducing the abundance of transcripts of this gene in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by both virus-induced gene silencing and stable transformation with a silencing construct driven by an abscission-specific promoter resulted in a striking retardation of pedicel and petiole abscission. In contrast, Petroselinum, a semidominant KD1 mutant, showed accelerated pedicel and petiole abscission. Complementary DNA microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that regulation of abscission by KD1 was associated with changed abundance of genes related to auxin transporters and signaling components. Measurement of auxin content and activity of a DR5::β-glucuronidase auxin reporter assay showed that changes in KD1 expression modulated the auxin concentration and response gradient in the abscission zone.
Learning From Short Text Streams With Topic Drifts

Short text streams such as search snippets and micro blogs have been popular on the Web with the emergence of social media. Unlike traditional normal text streams, these data present the characteristics of short length, weak signal, high volume, high velocity, topic drift, etc. Short text stream classification is hence a very challenging and significant task. However, this challenge has received little attention from the research community. Therefore, a new feature extension approach is proposed for short text stream classification with the help of a large-scale semantic network obtained from a Web corpus. It is built on an incremental ensemble classification model for efficiency. First, more semantic contexts based on the senses of terms in short texts are introduced to make up of the data sparsity using the open semantic network, in which all terms are disambiguated by their semantics to reduce the noise impact. Second, a concept cluster-based topic drifting detection method is proposed to effectively track hidden topic drifts. Finally, extensive studies demonstrate that as compared to several well-known concept drifting detection methods in data stream, our approach can detect topic drifts effectively, and it enables handling short text streams effectively while maintaining the efficiency as compared to several state-of-the-art short text classification approaches.
Lifelong diet restriction and radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of diet restriction on development of radiographic evidence of hip joint osteoarthritis in dogs. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. ANIMALS 48 Labrador Retrievers from 7 litters. PROCEDURES Forty-eight 6-week-old puppies from 7 litters were paired with littermates by sex and weight, and each pairmate was randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups of 24 dogs each. Starting at 8 weeks of age, 1 group was fed ad libitum (control fed) and the other was fed 25% less (restricted fed) of the same diet for life on a pairwise basis. The dogs' hip joints were radiographed in the standard ventrodorsal hip-extended view at multiple intervals prior to 1 year of age and at annual intervals thereafter on the basis of birth anniversary. A board-certified radiologist unaware of group assignment scored the radiographs for evidence of osteoarthritis. RESULTS Prevalence of radiographic evidence of hip joint osteoarthritis in all dogs increased linearly throughout the study, from an overall prevalence of 15% at 2 years to 67% by 14 years. Restricted-fed dogs had lower prevalence and later onset of hip joint osteoarthritis. Median age at first identification of radiographic evidence of hip joint osteoarthritis was significantly lower in the control-fed group (6 years), compared with the restricted-fed group (12 years). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Restricted feeding delayed or prevented development of radiographic signs of hip joint osteoarthritis in this cohort of Labrador Retrievers. Lifetime maintenance of 25% diet restriction delayed onset and reduced severity of hip joint osteoarthritis, thus favorably affecting both duration and quality of life. In addition, the data indicated that development of hip joint osteoarthritis was not bimodal in these dogs but occurred as a continuum throughout life.
Implementation and Evaluation of the Synchronization Protocol Immediate Priority Ceiling in PREEMPT-RT Linux

In general purpose operating systems, such as the mainline Linux, priority inversions occur frequently and are not considered harmful. They are not avoided or limited as in real-time systems. In the current version of the kernel PREEMPT-RT Linux, the protocol used for priority inversion control is the Priority Inheritance. The objective of this paper is to propose the implementation of an alternative protocol, the Immediate Priority Ceiling, for use in drivers dedicated to real-time applications. This paper explains how the protocol was implemented in the real-time kernel and compare the protocol implemented with the Priority Inheritance implementation, currently used in the real-time kernel.
Crack tip 90° domain switching in tetragonal lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate under an electric field

Lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate ferroelectric ceramics (Pb_0.96La_0.04)(Zr_0.40Ti_0.60)_0. 99O_3 were synthesized by the conventional powder processing technique. X-ray diffraction experiments revealed that the samples belong to the tetragonal phase with a = b = 0.4055 nm, c = 0.4109 nm, and c / a = 1.013. After being poled, the samples were indented with a 5-kg Vickers indenter, and lateral electric fields of 0.4 E_c, 0.5 E_c, and 0.6 E_c (E_c = 1100 V/mm) were applied, respectively. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy showed that 90° domain switching appeared near the tip of the indentation crack under a lateral electric field of 0.6 E_c. A mechanism of 90° domain switching near the crack tip under an electric field is discussed.
The Role of Plasma Igniters and Fuel Injectors in Hypersonic Technology

“If someone points out to you that your pet theory of the universe is in disagreement with Maxwell's equations then so much worse for Maxwell's equations. If it is found to be contradicted by observation well, these experimentalists do bungle things sometimes. But if your theory is found to be against the second law of thermodynamics I can give you no hope; there is nothing for it but to collapse in deepest humiliation. ”
An Isotope ( 18 O , 15 N , and 2 H ) Technique to Investigate the Metal Ion Interactions Between the Phosphoryl Group and Amino Acid Side Chains by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Cationic metal ion-coordinated N-diisopropyloxyphosphoryl dipeptides (DIPP-dipeptides) were analyzed by electrospray ionization multistage tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Two novel rearrangement reactions with hydroxyl oxygen or carbonyl oxygen migrations were observed in ESI-MS/MS of the metallic adducts of DIPP-dipeptides, but not for the corresponding protonated DIPP-dipeptides. The possible oxygen migration mechanisms were elucidated through a combination of MS/MS experiments, isotope (O, N, and H) labeling, accurate mass measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d) level. It was found that lithium and sodium cations catalyze the carbonyl oxygen migration more efficiently than does potassium and participation through a cyclic phosphoryl intermediate. In addition, dipeptides having a C-terminal hydroxyl or aromatic amino acid residue show a more favorable rearrangement through carbonyl oxygen migration, which may be due to metal cation stabilization by the donation of lone pair of the hydroxyl oxygen or aromatic π-electrons of the C-terminal amino acid residue, respectively. It was further shown that the metal ions, namely lithium, sodium, and potassium cations, could play a novel directing role for the migration of hydroxyl or carbonyl oxygen in the gas phase. This discovery suggests that interactions between phosphorylated biomolecules and proteins might involve the assistance of metal ions to coordinate the phosphoryl oxygen and protein side chains to achieve molecular recognition.
Global Reactive Gases emission inventories in GEMS and MACC

• Andreae, M. and Merlet, P. (2001), Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning, Global Biogeochem. Cy. , 15, 966–995 • Corbett, J. J., and H. W. Koehler (2003), Updated emissions from ocean shipping, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (D20), 4650, doi:10.1029/2003JD003751. • Endresen, O. , E. Sørgard, J.K. Sundet, S.B. Dalsøren, I.S. A. Isaksen, T.F. Berglen, G. Gravir (2003), Emissions from international sea transport and environmental impact, J. Geophys Res. 108 (D17), 4560, doi:10.1029/2002JD002898. • Guenther, A. , Karl, T. , Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C. , Palmer, P. I. , and Geron, C. (2006), Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and 10 Aerosols from Nature), ACP, 6, 3181–3210 • Kaiser, J., J. Flemming, M.G. Schultz, M. Suttie, M.J. Wooster (2009), The MACC Global Fire Assimilation System: First Emission Products (GFASv0), ECMWF Techn. Memo. , www.ecmwf. int/publications/library/ecpublications/_pdf/tm/501-600/tm596.pdf • Kloster, S. , Feichter, J., Maier-Reimer, E. , Six, K. D. , Stier, P., and Wetzel, P. (2006), DMS cycle in the marine ocean-atmosphere system a global model study, Biogeosciences, 3, 29–51 • Lathière, J., D.A. Hauglustaine, A. Friend, N. De Noblet-Ducoudré, N. Viovy, G. Folberth (2006), Impact of climate variability and land use changes on global biogenic volatile organic compound emissions, ACP, 6, 2129-2146. • Ohara, T. , Akimoto, H. , Kurokawa, J., Horii, N. , Yamaji, K. , Yan, X. , and Hayasaka, T. (2007) , An Asian emission inventory of anthropogenic emission sources for the period 1980-2020. ACP, 7, 4419-4444 • van der Werf, G. R. , Randerson, J. T. , Giglio, L. , Collatz, G. J., Kasibhatla, P. S. , and Arellano Jr., A. F. (2006), Interannual variability in global biomass burning emissions from 1997 to 2004, ACP, 6, 3423–3441 Global Reactive Gases emission inventories in GEMS and MACC
Vitamin C and Vitamin E for Alzheimer's Disease

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the literature on supplemental vitamin C and vitamin E therapy in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). DATA SOURCES Literature retrieval was accessed through MEDLINE (1966–March 2005) using the key words antioxidants, vitamin C, vitamin E, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia. International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–March 2005), Current Contents (1996–March 2005), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1994–March 2005), and Ebsco's Academic Search Elite (1975–March 2005) were searched with the same key words. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Articles related to the objective that were identified through PubMed were included. DATA SYNTHESIS Oral supplementation of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (D-alfa-tocopherol acetate) alone and in combination have been shown to decrease oxidative DNA damage in animal studies in vivo, in vitro, and in situ. Recent results of a prospective observational study (n = 4740) suggest that the combined use of vitamin E 400 IU daily and vitamin C 500 mg daily for at least 3 years was associated with the reduction of AD prevalence (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.60) and incidence (HR 0.36; 95% CI 0.09 to 0.99). Contradicting this is a previous prospective observational study (n = 980) evaluating the relationship between 4 years of vitamin C and E intake and the incidence of AD, which detected no difference in the incidence of AD during the 4-year follow-up. Recent meta-analysis results suggest that doses of vitamin E ≥400 IU daily for more than one year are associated with increased all-cause mortality. Mega-trial results suggest that vitamin E doses ≥400 IU daily for 6.9 years in patients with preexisting vascular disease or diabetes mellitus increase the incidence of heart failure, with no other outcome benefits noted. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials documenting benefits that outweigh recently documented morbidity and mortality risks, vitamin E supplements should not be recommended for primary or secondary prevention of AD. Although the risks of taking high doses of vitamin C are lower than those with vitamin E, the lack of consistent efficacy data for vitamin C in preventing or treating AD should discourage its routine use for this purpose.
New species, combinations, host associations and location records of fungi associated with hemp ( Cannabis sativa )

Micropeltopsis cannabis sp. nov. and Orbilia luteola (Roum.) comb. nov. are proposed. New Cannabis host associations include binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. , Curvularia cymbopogonis, Sphaerotheca macularis, Glomus mosseae, and Pestalotiopsis sp. The geographic ranges of Pseudoperonspora cannabina, Septoria neocannabina and Fusarium graminearum are expanded.
Specific DNA Binding and Regulation of Its Own Expression by the AidB Protein in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Upon exposure to alkylating agents, Escherichia coli increases expression of aidB along with three genes (ada, alkA, and alkB) that encode DNA repair proteins. While the biological roles of the Ada, AlkA, and AlkB proteins have been defined, despite many efforts, the molecular functions of AidB remain largely unknown. In this study, we focused on the biological role of the AidB protein, and we demonstrated that AidB shows preferential binding to a DNA region that includes the upstream element of its own promoter, PaidB. The physiological significance of this specific interaction was investigated by in vivo gene expression assays, demonstrating that AidB can repress its own synthesis during normal cell growth. We also showed that the domain architecture of AidB is related to the different functions of the protein: the N-terminal region, comprising the first 439 amino acids (AidB “I-III”), possesses FAD-dependent dehydrogenase activity, while its C-terminal domain, corresponding to residues 440 to 541 (AidB “IV”), displays DNA binding activity and can negatively regulate the expression of its own gene in vivo. Our results define a novel role in gene regulation for the AidB protein and underline its multifunctional nature.