Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of air temperature and humidity on Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Acari, Mesostigmata) locomotor activity in a laboratory experiment

Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley, 1956) (Acari, Mesostigmata, Laelapidae) is a predatory soil mite massively produced in laboratories in many countries of the world. The existing spheres of S. scimitus application vary in many parameters, especially temperature and relative humidity. In this article, we analyzed temperature and humidity appropriate for fastest spread of soil predatory mite S. scimitus. Mites should be released to a new environment in such a way that they would distribute in a greenhouse, garden or field as fast as they can (i.e. providing maximum migration activity of S. scimitus), on the one hand, and provide maximum efficient control of number of target phytophage species (i.e. providing maximum trophic activity), on the other hand. In our experiment, at 14 ºC temperature, most specimens of S. scimitus did not leave the migratory circle for 10 seconds. In 15–19 ºC range, only 14.7% of mites left the migratory circle, and their examined activity in 10 s was only 5–10 mm. In 20–24 ºC range, 27.5% of mites left the migratory circle, their migratory activity increased to 15–23 mm. In 25–33 ºC range, the moving activity increased even more, the mites left the migratory circle at the first opportunity that had (some even jumped off the circle to the experimental field), 95.8% of the mites left the circle in 10 s, their examined activity reached 25–60 mm in 10 seconds. Study of thermo- and hygro-preferences for various groups of invertebrates helps to better describe their ecological niche in multidimensional space of ecologic factors.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR: A helium-like description of molecular hydrogen photo-double ionization

A molecular photo-double ionization cross section is derived by defining the molecule's transition dipole moment in a molecule-fixed frame in analogy with helium double ionization. Transformed to the laboratory frame, the result helps explain the striking similarity of measured electron-pair angular distributions in and helium and a surprising enhancement in the molecular cross section observed where the atomic distribution vanishes.
Soil Pollution and Plant Efficiency Indices for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal(loid)s: Two-Decade Study (2002–2021)

This paper reviews research on phytoremediation (2002–2021), particularly for the estimation of plant efficiency and soil pollution indices, examining the extraction of metals from soil and plants growing under both artificial (spiked with specific metal) and natural conditions. From the analysis of >200 published experimental results, it was found that contamination factor and geo-accumulation index as well as translocation and bioconcentration factors are the most important soil pollution and plant efficiency metrices, respectively, which are gaining importance to assess the level of metal pollution and its transfer from soil to plant to find a better metal clean-up strategy for phytoremediation. To access the metal concentration, it was found that the most widely accepted extractants to dissolve and extract the metals from the soil and plant were HNO3 and HClO4 (mainly in 5:1; v/v or 4:1; v/v), which are used both in natural and artificial metal contamination studies. Moreover, plants such as Pteris vittata, Monochoria korsakowi, Lolium perenne, Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis, Ricinus communis, and Siegesbeckia orientalis can act as hyperaccumulators under both natural and artificial experiments and can be directly implemented into the fields without checking their further efficiency in phytoremediation.
A case study of metamorphic housing: the on-demand room

Metamorphic housing is a vision of homes that perform dynamic adaptations of their physical structures, so as to assist their occupants' activities and life cycle. This paper presents the on-demand room. It is a case study of metamorphic housing, where apartments of a building can be dynamically enlarged when the need arises. The additional space is to all intents and purposes an extension of the apartment, as devices and networks are interconnected and customized. We present the on-demand room and a model of computation formalizing its behavior and then illustrate the research problems that have to be solved to make it a reality. Finally, we describe our plans to demonstrate the on-demand room in an immersive virtual reality platform.
Multiple β‐diversity patterns and the underlying mechanisms across amphibian communities along a subtropical elevational gradient

Mountain systems offer excellent opportunities to understand β‐diversity patterns and the processes driving them. However, β‐diversity patterns and the underlying mechanisms that lead to dissimilarity in mountain amphibian communities across elevational gradients remain elusive. We aimed to evaluate how amphibian communities respond to environmental gradients with elevation and to explore how different ecological mechanisms drive elevational β‐diversity.
Methods of reducing dimension for functional data

In classical data analysis, objects are characterized by many features observed at one point of time. We would like to present them graphically, to see their configuration, eliminate outlying observations, observe relationships between them or to classify them. In recent years methods for representing data by functions have received much attention. In this paper we discuss a new method of constructing principal components for multivariate functional data. We illustrate our method with data from environmental studies.
Piecewise forecasting of nonlinear time series with model tree dynamic Bayesian networks

When modelling multivariate continuous time series, a common issue is to find that the original processes that generated the data are nonlinear or that they drift away from the original distribution as the system evolves over time. In these scenarios, using a linear model such as a Gaussian dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) can result in severe forecasting inaccuracies due to the structure and parameters of the model remaining constant without considering either the elapsed time or the state of the system. To approach this problem, we propose a hybrid model that combines a model tree with DBNs. The model first divides the original data set into different scenarios based on the splits made by the tree over the system variables and then performs a piecewise regression in each branch of the tree to obtain nonlinear forecasts. The experimental results on three different datasets show that our model outperforms standard DBN models when dealing with nonlinear processes and is competitive with state‐of‐the‐art time series forecasting methods.
Double hyperbolic cosine basis sets for LCAO calculations

Recently, we reported a new set of hyperbolic cosine type basis sets, which include the radial part of exponential type functions. In this study, it is show that the double hyperbolic cosine basis sets with non-integer Slater type orbitals give extremely accurate results, with the accuracy superior to that of the previous similar calculations. Total energy differences and comparison between double hyperbolic cosine and other similar basis sets suggested in literature are presented. Using double hyperbolic cosine orbitals, combined Hartree–Fock-Roothaan calculations have been carried out on the ground states of atoms and their ions within the minimal basis sets framework to compare the performance of the basis sets. The basis sets achieved the accuracy far beyond the double-zeta quality. Proposed basis sets can also play an effective role in ion-atom collisions problems and semi-empirical methods. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Association between XRCC3 rs861539 Polymorphism and the Risk of Ovarian Cancer: Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Background Current studies on the relationship between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk have been inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore their association. Methods Six electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Wanfang Database) were searched for relevant studies published before December 2021. Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis were performed using Stata software 16.0. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed using TSA 0.9. 5.10 Beta software. Results A total of 12 studies were included in 9 literatures, comprising 4,634 cases of ovarian cancer and 7,381 controls. After Bonferroni correction, the meta-analysis showed an association between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk in the heterozygote model and the dominant model (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.96, P = 0.003; GG vs. GA+AA: OR = 0.89, 95%CI = 0.82-0.96, P = 0.004). In an ethnically stratified subgroup analysis, XRCC3 rs861539 was shown to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer in Caucasian in the heterozygote model and the dominant model (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.96, P = 0.004; GG vs. GA+AA: OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.96, P = 0.004). In the control source and detection method stratified subgroup analysis, hospital-based studies and PCR-RFLP-based studies were found to increase ovarian cancer risk (GG vs. AA: OR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.05-1.62, P = 0.016; GG vs. AA: OR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.06-1.62, P = 0.013). Conclusion This meta-analysis showed a significant association between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk, especially in Caucasians. Large-scale multicenter case-control studies in more different regions will be needed in the future.
Sports Medical Image Modeling of Injury Prevention in Wushu Training

In order to solve the problem of injury prevention in Wushu training, this paper proposes a research on modeling using sports medical images. The main content of this technology research is to drive the muscle strength modeling method based on the sports medical image data. According to the acquisition of MRI/CT images, through the research and application of DFIS, it is concluded that the research on sports medical image modeling has a high accuracy for injury prevention in Wushu training. The experimental results show that translation accuracy ≤ 0.03~0.27, rotation accuracy ≤ 0.24~0.63, flexion and extension accuracy ≤ 0.1, translation retest error ≤ 0.2~1.2, rotation retest error ≤ 0.5~3.4, rotation retest accuracy ≤ 0.4~1.04, and sports medical images have a high accuracy for injury prevention in Wushu training. It is proved that the research on sports medical image modeling is effective and accurate for the problem of injury prevention in Wushu training.
Gamma-Ray-Induced Structural Transformation of GQDs towards the Improvement of Their Optical Properties, Monitoring of Selected Toxic Compounds, and Photo-Induced Effects on Bacterial Strains

Structural modification of different carbon-based nanomaterials is often necessary to improve their morphology and optical properties, particularly the incorporation of N-atoms in graphene quantum dots (GQDs). Here, a clean, simple, one-step, and eco-friendly method for N-doping of GQDs using gamma irradiation is reported. GQDs were irradiated in the presence of the different ethylenediamine (EDA) amounts (1 g, 5 g, and 10 g) and the highest % of N was detected in the presence of 10 g. N-doped GQDs emitted strong, blue photoluminescence (PL). Photoluminescence quantum yield was increased from 1.45, as obtained for non-irradiated dots, to 7.24% for those irradiated in the presence of 1 g of EDA. Modified GQDs were investigated as a PL probe for the detection of insecticide Carbofuran (2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl methylcarbamate) and herbicide Amitrole (3-amino-1,2,4-triazole). The limit of detection was 5.4 μmol L−1 for Carbofuran. For the first time, Amitrole was detected by GQDs in a turn-off/turn-on mechanism using Pd(II) ions as a quenching agent. First, Pd(II) ions were quenched (turn-off) PL of GQDs, while after Amitrole addition, PL was recovered linearly with Amitrole concentration (turn-on). LOD was 2.03 μmol L−1. These results suggest that modified GQDs can be used as an efficient new material for Carbofuran and Amitrole detection. Furthermore, the phototoxicity of dots was investigated on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. When bacterial cells were exposed to different GQD concentrations and illuminated with light of 470 nm wavelength, the toxic effects were not observed.
Contested delegation: Understanding critical public responses to algorithmic decision-making in the UK and Australia

In public and private sectors alike, decision-making is increasingly carried out through the employment of ‘algorithmic actors’ and artificial intelligence. The apparent efficiency of these means in the eyes of politicians and the public has made recourse to them possible. Along with this belief in their efficiency, however, fears emerge that nonhuman actors have displaced judicious human decision-making. This article examines this belief and its contestation, drawing on overlapping notions of ‘delegation’ in the political sociologies of Bruno Latour and Pierre Bourdieu. We undertake two case studies of attempts to delegate decision-making to algorithms: the 2020 UK ‘A-level’ grade determination and the Australian ‘robodebt’ welfare funds recovery scheme. In both cases, the decision-making delegated to algorithms was publicly discredited as critics invoked a different form of fairness than the one used by those deploying the technology. In the ‘A-level’ case, complainants drew on a grammar of individual merit, while complainants in the ‘robodebt’ case made a technical critique of the algorithm’s efficiency. Using a theory of delegation, we contribute to understanding how publics articulate resistance to automated decision-making.
Large sub-regional differences of ammonia seasonal patterns over India reveal inventory discrepancies

Ammonia (NH3) is a key precursor of haze particles and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its spatiotemporal variabilities are poorly constrained. In this study, we present measurements of NH3 over the Indian subcontinent region from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer (IASI) and Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) satellite instruments. This region exhibits a complex emission profile due to the number of varied sources, including crop burning, fossil fuel combustion, fertilizer application, livestock and industrial sources. Observations from the CrIS and IASI instruments are oversampled to a resolution of 0.02° × 0.02°. Five regions with distinct spatiotemporal NH3 profiles are determined using k-means clustering. Maximum NH3 columns are seen in July over the western India with column densities of 6.2 × 1017 mol cm−2 and 7.2 × 1017 mol cm−2 respectively for IASI and CrIS. The seasonality of measured NH3 columns show annual maxima occurring in spring in Eastern India and Bangladesh and in mid-summer for the western Indo-Gangetic plain. Our observational constraints suggest that the impact of local farming practices on NH3 emissions is not well captured in emission inventories such as Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), which exhibits peaks in the late spring and autumn. The spatial variability in the seasonal patterns of NH3 is also not captured by the single emissions profile used in CMIP6 for India. The high-resolution maps obtained from these measurements can be used to improve NH3 emission inventories in order to understand its sources for more accurate predictions of air quality in the Indian subcontinent. Our study points to the need for regionally specific emissions inventories for short-lived species such as NH3 that have heterogeneous emissions profiles due to specific agricultural practices and other emission source characteristics.
Fuzzy Measures and Integrals: Theory and Applications

P. Wakker: Foreword. - M. Grabisch, T. Murofushi, M. Sugeno: Preface. - Theory: T. Murofushi, M. Sugeno: Fuzzy Measures and Fuzzy Integrals. - D. Denneberg: Non-additive Measure and Integral, Basic Concepts and Their Role for Applications. - M. Grabisch: The Interaction and Mobius Representations of Fuzzy Measures on Finite Spaces, k-Additive Measures: A Survey. - K. Fujimoto, T. Murofushi: Hierarchical Decomposition of the Choquet Integral. - I. Kramosil: Towards Generalized Belief Functions. - G. De Cooman: Integration in Possibility Theory. - Z. Wang, K. Xu: On the Autocontinuity of Set Functions. - E. Pap: Pseudo-convolution and Its Applications. - P. Benvenuti, R. Mesiar: Integrals with Respect to a General Fuzzy Measure. - D. Butnariu, E.P. Klement: Measures on Triangular Norm-based Tribes: Properties and Integral Representations. - J.-L. Marichal: On Choquet and Sugeno Integrals as Aggregation Functions. - H. Imaoka: Comparison between Three Fuzzy Integrals. - Applications: A. Chateauneuf, M. Cohen: Choquet Expected Utility Model: A New Approach to Individual Behavior under Uncertainty and to Social Welfare. - D. Dubois, H. Prade, R. Sabbadin: Qualitative Decision Theory with Sugeno Integrals. - T. Murofushi, M. Sugeno: The Choquet Integral in Multicriteria Decision Making. - M. Grabisch, M. Roubens. Application of the Choquet Integral in Multicriteria Decision Making. - S.H. Kwon, M. Sugeno: A Hierarchical Subjective Evaluation Model Using Non-monotonic Fuzzy Measures and the Choquet Integral. - J.F. Peters III, L. Han, S. Ramana: The Choquet Integral in a Rough Software Cost Decision System. - M. Grabisch: Fuzzy Integral for Classification and Feature Extraction. - J.M. Keller, P.D. Gader, A.K. Hocaoglu: Fuzzy Integrals inImage Processing and Recognition. - Z. Wang, G.J. Klir, J. Swan-Stone, K. Xu: An Algorithm for Calculating Natural Extensions with Respect to Lower Probabilities.
Are They Still Aiming High? The Development of Educational Aspirations of Lower Secondary School Students With Immigrant Backgrounds in Germany

Although research indicates that students with immigrant backgrounds often have higher educational aspirations than students without immigrant backgrounds at the same performance level, little is known about the longitudinal development of this difference in aspirations. This article analyzes how idealistic and realistic educational aspirations from Grade 5 until Grade 9 in Germany develop for students from various migrant groups, compared with those without immigrant backgrounds at the same school track and at the same level of school performance. Drawing on different theoretical assumptions, we examine to what extent students (increasingly) adapt their aspirations to their school performance toward the end of compulsory schooling. Our empirical analysis uses data from the first five waves (Grades 5–9; 2010/11–2014/15) of the National Educational Panel Study in Germany (N = 5,542). Random-effects model results show a positive association between students’ school performance and their idealistic and realistic aspirations, and this association tends to increase over time. However, there is no uniform pattern in students’ aspiration trajectories. Some migrant groups (Poland, Southern Europe, former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) have similar aspiration trajectories as students without immigrant backgrounds at the same performance level, while other groups (Turkey, Northern and Western Europe, and others) maintain higher idealistic aspirations. Controlling for school performance, only students of Turkish origin also maintain higher realistic aspirations until Grade 9. These findings allow us to better understand the conditions behind the educational disadvantages of some migrant groups and offer insights into how best to further mitigate inequalities in educational outcomes.
Collision Detection of a HEXA Parallel Robot Based on Dynamic Model and a Multi-Dual Depth Camera System

This paper introduces a Hexa parallel robot and obstacle collision detection method based on dynamic modeling and a computer vision system. The processes to deal with the collision issues refer to collision detection, collision isolation, and collision identification applied to the Hexa robot, respectively, in this paper. Initially, the configuration, kinematic and dynamic characteristics during movement trajectories of the Hexa parallel robot are analyzed to perform the knowledge extraction for the method. Next, a virtual force sensor is presented to estimate the collision detection signal created as a combination of the solution to the inverse dynamics and a low-pass filter. Then, a vision system consisting of dual-depth cameras is designed for obstacle isolation and determining the contact point location at the end-effector, an arm, and a rod of the Hexa robot. Finally, a recursive Newton-Euler algorithm is applied to compute contact forces caused by collision cases with the real-Hexa robot. Based on the experimental results, the force identification is compared to sensor forces for the performance evaluation of the proposed collision detection method.
A Review of Vision-Laser-Based Civil Infrastructure Inspection and Monitoring

Structural health and construction security are important problems in civil engineering. Regular infrastructure inspection and monitoring methods are mostly performed manually. Early automatic structural health monitoring techniques were mostly based on contact sensors, which usually are difficult to maintain in complex infrastructure environments. Therefore, non-contact infrastructure inspection and monitoring techniques received increasing interest in recent years, and they are widely used in all aspects of infrastructure life, owing to their convenience and non-destructive properties. This paper provides an overview of vision-based inspection and vision–laser-based monitoring techniques and applications. The inspection part includes image-processing algorithms, object detection, and semantic segmentation. In particular, infrastructure monitoring involves not only visual technologies but also different fusion methods of vision and lasers. Furthermore, the most important challenges for future automatic non-contact inspections and monitoring are discussed and the paper correspondingly concludes with state-of-the-art algorithms and applications to resolve these challenges.
Beyond Nonorthogonal Multiple Access: New Role of Constructive Interference

In this letter, we introduce a novel framework of constructive non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmission, which provides the merit of interference utilization and breaks through the constructive interference (CI)’s limitation on multiuser (MU) access capability. With dedicated synthetic successive coding and hybrid MU access designs, a novel constructive NOMA (CNOMA) precoder is proposed, which is particularly suitable for the scenario where users have heterogeneous throughput requirements. Explicitly, it makes the composite interference always beneficial to the users having high throughput requirement, while accommodating another sets of users under their subscribed reception-quality requirement. Finally, a number of fundamental properties of the CNOMA design is revealed, such as the tradeoff between utilization of MU interference and improvement of MU access capability. Simulation demonstrates that the proposed CNOMA precoder significantly outperforms the classic CI and minimum-mean-square-error precoders in throughput performance, and meanwhile obtains high access capability close to classic NOMA designs.