Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LITERATURE REVIEW OF BATTERY-POWERED AND SOLAR-POWERED WIRELESS SENSOR NODE

Nowadays, sensor node networks are designed and increasingly used in various fields and sectors, such as in military (examples Battlefield surveillance, nuclear, biological and chemical attack detection and reconnaissance), in health (examples Tele-monitoring of human physiological data, monitoring patients and doctors inside a hospital), in environment (examples Forest fire detection, flood detection) and in other various applications. However, the power sources and supply of the nodes remains as challenge. Therefore, energy conservation plays an important role for this network. Usually the battery powered is used as power sources for sensor nodes, but energy harvesting offers an alternative, although it not able to avoid from the problem. In this paper, an analysis is performed to compares the use of batteries powered against solar cells powered. The basic parameter and characteristic for both of power supplies are studied in terms of capacity or volume, low self-discharge, shorter recharge time, energy density and power efficiency to generate power for the sensor nodes, the lower cost and also in terms of characteristics such as size and weight.
5.7 GHz 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS gain-controlled LNA and mixer for 802.11a WLAN applications

A 5.7 GHz 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS gain-controlled differential LNA and a single-ended CMOS mixer for 802.11a WLAN applications are presented. The differential LNA, fabricated with the 0.18 /spl mu/m 1P6M standard CMOS process, uses a current-reuse technology to increase linear gain and save power consumption. The single-ended CMOS mixer uses a single balance topology. Measurements of the CMOS components are performed by using a FR-4 PCB test fixture. The LNA exhibit noise figure of 3.7 dB, linear gain of 12.5 dB, P/sub 1dB/ of -11dBm, and gain tuning range of 6.9 dB. The mixer with a 280 MHz IF has a conversion gain -4.5 dB, input P/sub 1dB/ 0 dBm, and noise figure 14.6 dB. LO-RF isolation is 20 dB and LO-IF isolation is 24 dB. The power consumption of the differential LNA is 14.4 mW and that of the mixer is 10.4 mW from a 1.8 V power supply.
Investigation of topology candidates for 48 V VRM

In future applications, it will be impractical for voltage regulator modules (VRMs) to draw power from the 12 V output of the silver box because the voltage bus will be too low to deliver more power. Therefore, distributed power systems (DPSs) with buses of 48 V will be more feasible solutions for future high-end PCs. This paper focuses primarily on the investigation and comparison of 48 V VRM candidates. Six 48 V VRM prototypes are built and compared: the active clamp forward, asymmetrical half bridge, symmetrical half bridge, push-pull, push-pull forward and integrated-filter push-pull forward topologies.
Categorical Vehicle Classification and Tracking using Deep Neural Networks

The classification and tracking of vehicles is a crucial component of modern transportation infrastructure. Transport authorities make significant investments in it since it is one of the most critical transportation facilities for collecting and analyzing traffic data to optimize route utilization, increase transportation safety, and build future transportation plans. Numerous novel traffic evaluation and monitoring systems have been developed as a result of recent improvements in fast computing technologies. However, still the camera-based systems lag in accuracy as mostly the systems are constructed using limited traffic datasets that do not adequately account for weather conditions, camera viewpoints, and highway layouts, forcing the system to make trade-offs in terms of the number of actual detections. This research offers a categorical vehicle classification and tracking system based on deep neural networks to overcome these difficulties. The capabilities of generative adversarial networks framework to compensate for weather variability, Gaussian models to look for roadway configurations, single shot multibox detector for categorical vehicle detections with high precision and boosted efficient binary local image descriptor for tracking multiple vehicle objects are all incorporated into the research. The study also includes the publication of a high-quality traffic dataset with four different perspectives in various environments. The proposed approach has been applied on the published dataset and the performance has been evaluated. The results verify that using the proposed flow of approach one can attain higher detection and tracking accuracy.
Electrospinning vs. electrospraying: a comparative assessment of the two techniques for orange essential oil encapsulation

The aim of this study was to encapsulate orange essential oil (OEO) in zein polymer by the electrospinning/ electrospraying techniques. OEO at concentrations of 30, 40 and 50% (w/w), was incorporated into 10 and 20% (w/v) zein polymer solutions, for the formation of the capsules and fibers, respectively. The polymer solutions were evaluated for zeta potential. The fibers and capsules were electrospinning/electosprayed and evaluated by efficiency of encapsulation (EE%), loading capacity (LC%), morphology, size distribution and infrared spectrum. Zeta potential proportionately increased with increasing concentration of the OEO. The fibers had higher EE values (77–89%) than capsules (16-20%). The higher OEO concentration showed a higher EE for both products (capsules and fibers) and improved fiber morphology. The electrospinning process was more efficient than electrospraying for OEO encapsulation using zein as a polymeric matrix, showing that this technique is suitable for encapsulation of essential oils.
Reliability models for mechanical equipment

A description is given of a reliability prediction technique for mechanical equipment that will enable the designer to qualify the effects of varying design and operational constraints on a mechanical component's failure rate. The designer can then implement design changes to improve the systems reliability before fabrication begins. In addition, reliability information identified by this procedure during design can be utilized for efficient and effective utilization of testing resources. Example models for compressors are addressed. <<ETX>>
Optimizing X-Ray Imaging Using Plant Mediated Gold Nanoparticles as Contrast Agent: A Review

: X-ray imaging has been a clinical practice for more than half a century, and the hydrophilic iodinated-based molecules are universally and continuously employed as contrast agents. However, a renewed interest in nanoparticles-based contrast agents has emerged with the promise of detailed imaging, and potential for therapeutic applications. Preclinical and clinical applications of nanoparticles are identified for a broad spectrum of imaging applications, with commentaries on the future promise of these materials. However, these nanomaterials contrast agents are not without issues, as the method of synthesizing the nanomaterials limits their applications as clinical contrast agents. The physical and chemical methods of synthesizing nanoparticles have been proven successful but not biocompatible due to the use of toxic chemicals, but, with the biocompatibility of biological substances such as microorganisms and plants, nanoparticles can be synthesized for applications in x-ray imaging.
Noise and vibration in brushless doubly fed machine and brushless doubly fed reluctance machine

This study investigates modes of vibration in brushless doubly fed machine and brushless doubly fed reluctance machine due to the interaction of its fundamental magnetic fields, via the bending forces they set up in the back iron. It is shown that the presence of two field components of different pole numbers leads to vibration components in addition to those that would be expected in single field machines such as the induction motor. Formulations for the frequencies and magnitudes of the expected vibration components are given and verified experimentally. It is shown that the strength of the vibration components is highly dependent on the choice of pole numbers in the machine, with some much worse than equivalent induction machines and some very similar. The methodology presented enables designers to determine whether their machines are likely to suffer from vibration problems in advance of construction, and to apply remedies where appropriate.
Propagation in isotropic plasma waveguides

The paper considers the propagation behaviour of a circular waveguide enclosing either an axial or an annular column of isotropic plasma. The effect of the glass walls of the container required to enclose an actual gaseous plasma is exactly taken into account. The phase-change and attenuation coefficients of both structures are computed for a range of parameters relevant in microwave applications. It is evident that the circularly symmetric mode of the axial column has characteristics suited to devices employing forward waves, whereas the circularly symmetric mode of the annular structure is suited to devices employing the backward wave. A brief review of possible passive- and active-device applications of the structures is presented and some of the limitations on the realisation of these devices noted. An equivalent transverse-network representation for a radially stratified isotropic structure is presented in the Appendix, thereby making possible the computations described in the paper.
A Method for Comparative Analysis of Trusted Execution Environments

The problem of secure remote computation has become a serious concern of hardware manufacturers and software developers alike. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are a solution to the problem of secure remote computation in applications ranging from “chip and pin” financial transactions [40] to intellectual property protection in modern gaming systems [17]. While extensive literature has been published about many of these technologies, there exists no current model for comparing TEEs. This thesis provides hardware architects and designers with a set of tools for comparing TEEs. I do so by examining several properties of a TEE and comparing their implementations in several technologies. I found that several features can be detailed out into multiple sub-feature sets, which can be used in comparisons. The intent is that choosing between different technologies can be done in a rigorous way, taking into account the current features available to TEEs.
Development of an in situ calibration method for current-to-voltage converters for high-accuracy SI-traceable low dc current measurements

For photocurrent measurements with low uncertainties, wide dynamic range reference current-to-voltage converters and a new converter calibration method have been developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The high-feedback resistors of a reference converter were in situ calibrated on a high-resistivity, printed circuit board placed in an electrically shielded box electrically isolated from the operational amplifier using jumpers. The feedback resistors, prior to their installation, were characterized, selected and heat treated. The circuit board was cleaned with solvents, and the in situ resistors were calibrated using measurement systems for 10 kΩ to 10 GΩ standard resistors. We demonstrate that dc currents from 1 nA to 100 µA can be measured with uncertainties of 55 × 10−6 (k = 2) or lower, which are lower in uncertainties than any commercial device by factors of 10 to 30 at the same current setting. The internal (NIST) validations of the reference converter are described.
Optical FDM transmission technique

This paper surveys the present state of optical frequency-division multiplexing (optical FDM) technologies. Utilizing a broad optical frequency bandwidth up to several hundred terahertz, optical FDM is expected to find applications in large-capacity trunking and local distribution networks. The present state of the related technologies and the future prospects for these applications are discussed.
Electrical Measurements Student Laboratory — Replacing Hands-on with Remote and Virtual Experiments

This paper discusses the problem of transferring knowledge to students of an undergraduate electrical measurement course, and also describes the design of a Web-based measurement laboratory and experimental setup of Web-based experiments at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER) in Zagreb, Croatia. The suggested design offers the possibility of teaching or presenting high-precision experiments using expensive or sensitive equipment that is unavailable in sufficient quantities to serve large numbers of students.
Compact phase shifter based on highly anisotropic liquid crystals for microwave frequency

A compact microwave phase shifter was designed and fabricated using highly anisotropic liquid crystals (LCs). It comprises a thin LC layer between a ground plane and a directly coupled and inverted microstrip line. The proposed folding configuration is beneficial for size reduction. Both simulation and experimental results confirm the compact size devices with reasonably good performance.
THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS IN TOURISM DESTINATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL

A tourism destination is defined as an open, complex and adaptive system in which numerous relations in the economic, social and environmental spheres are generated. This paper aims to define a conceptual model of tourism destination management as a complex system and to identify the role of entrepreneurs as key stakeholder in a tourism destination. The main methodological approaches were systems thinking and system dynamics. A Causal Loops Diagram (CLD) enabled to cover the complexity of the tourism system and to identify relations among a number of stakeholders and elements in a tourism destination. The authors identified crucial elements of the entrepreneur sub-system involved in a high number of causal loops to establish the importance of entrepreneurs in the destination management system. Profits of individual entrepreneurs and the occupancy of hospitality and tourism services represent the model’s most frequent variables from the entrepreneurs’ perspective.
Evaluation of the Design Requirements for Column Stiffeners and Doublers and the Variation in Properties of A992 Shapes

by: Robert J. Dexter Jerome F. Hajjar Sara D. Prochnow Mark D. Graeser Theodore V. Galambos Sean C. Cotton Author Ro b e rt Dexter is an Associate Professor of Structural Engineering at the University of Minnesota. He teaches courses on dynamics, structural analysis, steel design, materials, and fracture mechanics. His research interests include 1) experimental and analytical/numerical investigation of fatigue and fracture of structures; 2) design, fabrication, and behavior of bolted and welded connections; 3) wind loading, aeroelastic phenomena, and dynamic behavior of structures; 4) behavior of structures exposed to fire; and, 5) repair of damaged and deteriorated structures. Dr. Dexter received his B.S. in Civil Engineering, with Highest Honors, at the University of Texas at Austin in 1981. He then went to work in the Ocean Engineering Division at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in San Antonio. In 1983, Dr. Dexter joined the Materials and Mechanics Division and began to work in the area of fracture mechanics. In 1986, he completed his Master's thesis, "Underwater Wet Welds: Mechanical Properties and Design Guidelines" under the direction of Prof. Karl H. Frank. In 1991, Dr. Dexter took a position as a Senior Research Engineer at Lehigh University. He completed his Ph.D. from the University of Texas in 1992 on "Investigation of Criteria for Ductile Fracture Under Fully-Plastic Conditions" under the guidance of Prof. Frank. Among the research Dr. Dexter performed at Lehigh was "Through-thickness Testing of Structural Sections" for the SAC Steel Project. He also completed a project entitled "Evaluation of Alternative Methods to Design for Fire Resistance" for the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which involved cooperation with the University of Liege (Belgium). In 1997, he took his present position at the University of Minnesota. He is presently conducting research related to fatigue, bridge behavior, and repair welding. He is also conducting research related to the variation of material properties and behavior of beam-to-column connections in moment frames for AISC. He is a
Mining Temporal Patterns in an Automotive Environment

Mining frequent temporal patterns from interval-based data proved to be a valuable tool for generating knowledge in the automotive business. Many problems in our domain contain a temporal component and thus can be formulated by using interval sequences. In this paper we present three substantially dierent applications which can all be addressed by the same mining task: mining of frequent temporal patterns. We show that contemporary approaches for temporal pattern mining are not addressing this task suciently and present our algorithmic solution FSMTree. Further, we discuss the assessment of temporal rules which can be derived from the set of frequent patterns.
Realization of Proportional-Integral Stirring Controller for Mixing Operation in Microbioreactor

In this paper, we presented the establishment of a cheap and simple stirring platform for microbioreactor operation. The stirring platform was designed to provide necessary mixing via magnetic stirrer bar for a microbioreactor setup. The microbioreactor (volume ~ 300 L) used in this investigation was fabricated out of the poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) polymer material via micromachining. Programs for the control routines were written in LabVIEW TM software (National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA), and were implemented by interfacing the LabVIEW TM programs with a data acquisition (DAQ) card (NI USB-6343, National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA) for data logging and sending signals to actuators. The paper first described the details of the mechanical design of the stirring platform and the microbioreactor prototype used in the work. Secondly, experimental results obtained to assess the mixing quality of the reactor and to characterize the performance of the controller in terms of control accuracy and system responses were presented. We show that by implenting a rather simple Proportional (P)- Integral (I) control algorithm, the mixing quality of the microbioreactor can be accurately controlled with the accuracy of approximately + 1 rpm of the set point values and provides a good response (i.e. in the range of few seconds). Results also showed that at maximum operating speed, mixing time as fast as 3 seconds was obtained. The workability of the mixing operation was tested between the stirring speed range of 100 rpm and 600 rpm.
WTI OIL SHOCKS IN EASTERN EUROPEAN STOCK MARKETS: A VAR APPROACH

The 2020 Russia-Saudi Oil Price War was an economic war triggered in March 2020 by Saudi Arabia in response to Russia’s refusal to reduce oil production to keep oil prices at a moderate level. In view of these events, this study aims to analyze oil shocks (WTI) in the eastern European stock markets, namely the stock indices of Hungary (BUX), Croatia (CROBE), Russia (MOEX), Czech Republic (PRAGUE), Slovakia (SAX 16), Slovenia (SBI TOP), Bulgaria (SOFIX), from September 2019 to January 2021. The results show mostly structural breakdowns in March 2020, while the VAR Granger Causality/Block Exogeneity Wald Tests model shows two-way shocks between oil (WTI) and the stock markets analyzed. These findings show that the hypothesis of portfolio diversification may be called into question. As a final discussion, we consider that investors should avoid investments in stock markets, at least as long as this pandemic last, and rebalance their portfolios into assets considered “safe haven” for the purpose of mitigating risk and improving the efficiency of their portfolios.
Computer-aided design of monoblock dielectric filter for PCS

A new band-pass filter (BPF) implemented by a dielectric monoblock and its design techniques are presented. The modeling of the three-pole BPF using a single dielectric block has been carried out by CAD. The equivalent circuit of the BPF was established by transmission lines and lumped capacitors. The transmission line characteristic impedances were computed using 2-D FEM. The BPF for PCS has been designed to have a 60 MHz pass-bandwidth with center frequency of 1960 MHz and an attenuation pole at below the passband using a commercial 3-D structure simulator.
FDM-FSK star network with a tunable optical filter demultiplexer

An optical frequency-division-multiplexed star network is analysed and demonstrated experimentally using two 45Mbit/s frequency-shift-keyed laser channels at 1.5 μm. A tunable fibre Fabry-Perot filter is used as demultiplexer. The analysis predicts and experiment supports a minimum channel spacing of about six times bit rate B for a single FFP and 3B for a tandem FFP.
Fruit shape detection by optimizing Chan-Vese model

Applications of machine vision for automated inspection and sorting of fruits have been widely studied by scientists and engineers. In these applications, edge detection, segmentation, and shape recovery are difficult problem. Previous studies have usually adopted some preprocessing such as noise removal and motion deblurring before using a threshold method to detect shape boundary. In many cases, however, this manner is troubled and not unified and does not work well. This research proposes a novel approach for fruit shape detection in RGB spaces based on a fast level set method and the Chan-Vese model. We called it optimizing Chan-Vese model (OCV). This new algorithm is fast because it needs no re-initialization procedure and thus is suitable for fruit sorting. OCV has three advantages compared to traditional methods. First, it provides a unified framework for detection fruit shape boundary, requiring no preprocessing and even if the raw image is noisy or blurred. Second, it can detect boundaries for images of fruit with multi-colored edges, which traditional methods fail to deal with. Third, it is processed directly in colour space without any transformations that can lose much information. The proposed method has been applied to fruit shape detection with promising results.
Information-based decision making over a data fusion network

In a dynamic battlespace the utility of decisions is a sensitive function of their timeliness. The allocation of weapons, and assignment of sensing and communications resources are examples where timely decisions are crucial to long-term survival. In this paper, we investigate the application of information-based decision-making theory to a data fusion network in such an environment. Specifically, we examine the advantages of decentralised information-based control for sensor-to-target assignment for identification as well as weapon allocation, and compare different utilities for optimising the combat strategy and therefore the life of the network. In our application a positive identification is required before a weapon can be allocated to the target. The quality of sensor-to-target assignment is a key factor in determining whether incoming threats can be identified and destroyed before they can act. The two aspects of information-based control in our scenario are sensor-to-target assignment and weapon allocation. These can be treated as sequential decision-making processes, or more optimally as an integrated process. In the sequential approach, the decisions from the sensor-to-target assignment are simply propagated. The integrated approach assigns sensors to targets on the basis of the utility of the information that can be gained in the context of the weapon allocation decisions that must be made. This concept is also known as information value. Both approaches are considered here.