Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Infliximab, but not etanercept, induces IgM anti-double-stranded DNA autoantibodies as main antinuclear reactivity: biologic and clinical implications in autoimmune arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical and biologic correlates of autoantibody induction during longer-term tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) blockade with either the monoclonal antibody infliximab or the soluble receptor etanercept. METHODS Thirty-four patients with spondylarthropathy (SpA) and 59 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were treated with infliximab for 2 years. Additionally, 20 patients with SpA were treated with etanercept for 1 year. Sera were blindly analyzed for antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, anti-extractable nuclear antigen (anti-ENA) antibodies, and antihistone, anti-nucleosome, and anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL). The anti-dsDNA antibodies were isotyped. RESULTS High numbers of infliximab-treated patients with SpA or RA had newly induced ANAs (61.8% and 40.7%, respectively) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (70.6% and 49.2%, respectively) after 1 year, but no further increase between year 1 and year 2 was observed. In contrast, induction of ANAs and anti-dsDNA antibodies was observed only occasionally in the etanercept-treated patients with SpA (10% of patients each). Isotyping revealed almost exclusively IgM or IgM/IgA anti-dsDNA antibodies, which disappeared upon interruption of treatment. Neither infliximab nor etanercept induced other lupus-related reactivities such as anti-ENA antibodies, antihistone antibodies, or anti-nucleosome antibodies, and no clinically relevant lupus-like symptoms were observed. Similarly, infliximab but not etanercept selectively increased IgM but not IgG aCL titers. CONCLUSION The prominent ANA and anti-dsDNA autoantibody response is not a pure class effect of TNFalpha blockers, is largely restricted to short-term IgM responses, and is not associated with other serologic or clinical signs of lupus. Similar findings with aCL suggest that modulation of humoral immunity may be a more general feature of infliximab treatment.
Priapism: successful management by arterial embolisation.

Priapism, a persistent painful penile erection, may be spontaneous in origin or secondary to a wide variety of haematological or infiltrative disorders. If left untreated this condition invariably leads to cavernal fibrosis and impotence and possibly to necrosis. (Nelson & Winter, 1977). A wide range of therapeutic modalities exists, but in the most satisfactory of the series reported, 20% remained impotent. Wasmer et al, 1981). Recent case reports have attested to the effectiveness of transcatheter embolisation when other surgical modalities have failed, (Crummy et al, 1979; Wafula & Davies, 1981; Wear et al, 1977). We report two patients in whom trans-catheter embolisation was the initial and definitive form of management. Trans-catheter embolisation was performed under local anaesthesia using a French 7 end-hole catheter. The catheter was advanced from the femoral artery into the contra-lateral internal iliac artery and then advanced selectively into the internal pudendal artery. Oxycel (oxydised cellu.
SCTPmx: An SCTP Fast Handover Mechanism Using a Single Interface Based on a Cross-Layer Architecture

Recently, SCTP is attracting attention to support mobility in the Internet because it does not require additional equipment such as the Home Agent of Mobile IP. This paper focuses on an SCTP fast handover mechanism using a single interface because it is assumed that small mobile devices have a single interface per communication medium such as IEEE802.11b due to hardware limitations. The proposed mechanism called SCTPmx employs a cross layer control information exchange system called LIES to predict handover. LIES was originally designed to achieve network layer fast handover and then it was extended by adding the network layer primitives for efficient interaction among the link layer, the network layer, and the transport layer. Prior to handover, SCTPmx can generate a new address that will be used after handover and can execute duplicate address detection of IPv6. SCTPmx can suppress the delay caused by channel scanning at the link layer by employing selective background scanning mechanism which allows to continue data communication during channel scanning. In addition, SCTPmx can notify the correspondent node of the new address before handover. SCTPmx was implemented on FreeBSD. SCTPmx achieved better than 25 times lower handover latency (100 msec) and 2 times higher throughput than previous proposals.
Evidence for Pupils' Mathematical Achievements.

In 1991 I was Head of the Mathematics Department of a 13-18 comprehensive school. Pupils came to us at age 13 from several different schools and brought with them records, constructed by their previous teachers, which purported to show the mathematics they "knew and could do". This was the first year in which these records had to be based on the legal requirements of the relatively new National Curriculum. We would be required to produce our own assessments of the achievements of individual pupils, who would also be assessed using national tests the following summer. At the time the plan was to publish all the results locally and nationally so that schools could be compared. There was also the possibility that different classes within schools could be compared. In addition the records would ensure continuity of teaching and learning when pupils transferred between schools and therefore we ought to be able to use them to decide what each pupil might be able to learn next. The records, therefore, had several purposes: monitoring individual progress, recording achievement summatively, providing information for teacher, parent, school, and government. The added pressure of national testing, with which these records would inevitably be compared, made it urgent that we should understand what they meant and devise ways of using them to enhance learning, or reject them as useless. We had extra difficulties if we did not accept the implication that mathematics was necessarily learnt in a prescribed order. It was immediately clear, however, that some of the records were about what had been taught rather than what had been understood. For instance, all pupils from one teacher's class had exactly the same "record of achievement". Others showed more variety but some were detailed and dense as if every bit of mathematics the pupil had ever done had been fully understood and recorded. Others were only partial and tentative as if the teacher was unwilling to commit herself to any definite statements. In 1983, which was a long time ago in terms of British educational change, Alan Bishop and Marilyn Nickson had said:
Risk of fatal coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Scientific Steering Committee on behalf of the Simon Broome Register Group.

OBJECTIVES--(a) To determine the excess mortality from all causes and from coronary heart disease in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia; (b) to examine how useful various criteria for selective measurement of cholesterol concentration in cardiovascular screening programmes are in identifying these patients. DESIGN--Prospective cohort study. SETTING--Eleven hospital outpatient lipid clinics in the United Kingdom. PATIENTS--282 men and 244 women aged 20-74 with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Standardised mortality ratio, all adults in England and Wales being taken as standard (standardised mortality ratio = 100 for standard population). RESULTS--The cohort was followed up for 2234 person years during 1980-9. Fifteen of the 24 deaths were due to coronary heart disease, giving a standardised mortality ratio of 386 (95% confidence interval 210 to 639). The excess mortality from this cause was highest at age 20-39 (standardised mortality ratio 9686; 3670 to 21,800) and decreased significantly with age. The standardised mortality ratio for all causes was 183 (117 to 273) and also was highest at age 20-39 (standardised mortality ratio 902; 329 to 1950). There was no significant difference between men and women. Criteria for measurement of cholesterol concentration in cardiovascular screening programmes (family history, presence of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, corneal arcus, xanthelasma, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, or any of these) were present in 78% of patients. CONCLUSIONS--Familial hypercholesterolaemia is associated with a substantial excess mortality from coronary heart disease in young adults but may not be associated with a substantial excess mortality in older patients. Criteria for selective measurement of cholesterol concentration in cardiovascular screening programmes identify about three quarters of patients with the clinically overt condition.
Impaired transforming growth factor β signalling in Barrett’s carcinogenesis due to frequent SMAD4 inactivation

Background and aims: Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is frequently involved in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis although its contribution to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (AC) and its precursor Barrett’s oesophageal epithelium (BE) metaplasia are unclear. Methods: Expression of TGF-β signalling components was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, and immunohistochemistry in oesophageal endoscopic biopsies and cell lines. Genomic alterations in SMAD4 were characterised by fluorescence in situ hybridisation, methylation specific PCR, and sequencing. Functional integrity of TGF-β signalling was assessed by characterisation of p21 and proliferation status. Smad4 negative BIC-1 cells were transiently transfected with smad4 and TGF-β responsiveness evaluated. Results:smad4 mRNA expression was progressively reduced in the metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence (p<0.01). A quarter of AC samples displayed an abnormal Smad4 protein isoform, with no corresponding changes in gene sequence or organisation. Methylation of smad4 has not been described previously but we found promoter methylation in 70% of primary AC samples. In 6/8 oesophageal cell lines, chromosomal rearrangements affected the smad4 locus. Lack of smad4 expression in BIC-1 cells occurred secondary to loss of one copy and extensive deletion of the second allele’s promoter region. TGF-β dependent induction of p21 and downregulation of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 was lost in >80% of BE and AC. TGF-β failed to inhibit proliferation in 5/8 oesophageal cell lines. In BIC-1, the antiproliferative response was restored following transient transfection of smad4 cDNA. Conclusions: In BE carcinogenesis, downregulation of Smad4 occurs due to several different mechanisms, including methylation, deletion, and protein modification. Frequent alterations in TGF-β signalling lead to a functionally significant impairment of TGF-β mediated growth suppression.
Temporal co-occurrence matrix approaches to motion analysis

We propose a novel method for motion analysis in video sequences. It extends the co-occurrence matrix concept for texture analysis to the temporal domain. The approach proved to be versatile in the sense of targeting different motion analysis tasks. An application of the method is in the compact representation of video sequences, in particular temporal texture patterns.
Hand- and Foot-Controlled Dual-Tracking Task Performance Together with a Discrete Spatial Stimulus-Response Compatibility Task

ABSTRACT A multi-task paradigm involving dual tracking for hand and foot and a discrete choice response task with signals presented in different modalities (visual–visual versus auditory–visual) was used to study the effect of spatial compatibility for various display-control configurations on performance. Delay in multi-task processing was observed when more than one task demanded the same cognitive resources for processing. Compatibility between stimuli and responses for the discrete response task was found to significantly affect the amount of delay in overall multi-task performance. When two fingers of the left hand were used for responses in the spatial compatibility task, there was an absence of salient frame of reference in the horizontal right–left dimension. Compared with the visual–visual signal presentation, the auditory–visual signal presentation resulted in significantly higher hand-tracking errors, response times, and response errors, implying that mixed-modality stimulus presentation for a discrete response task has an adverse effect on multi-task time-sharing, probably due to response conflict and the effects of shifting between visual and auditory modalities across trials. We conclude by providing ergonomics design implications and recommendations for multi-task environments to facilitate human–machine system design and improve overall system performance.
SMG‐5, required for C.elegans nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay, associates with SMG‐2 and protein phosphatase 2A

mRNAs that contain premature stop codons are degraded selectively and rapidly in eukaryotes, a phenomenon termed ‘nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay’ (NMD). We report here molecular analysis of smg‐5, which encodes a novel protein required for NMD in Caenorhabditis elegans. Using a combination of immunoprecipitation and yeast two‐hybrid assays, we identified a series of protein–protein interactions involving SMG‐5. SMG‐5 interacts with at least four proteins: (i) SMG‐7, a previously identified protein required for NMD; (ii) SMG‐2, a phosphorylated protein required for NMD in worms, yeasts and mammals; (iii) PR65, the structural subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A); and (iv) PP2AC, the catalytic subunit of PP2A. Previous work demonstrated that both SMG‐5 and SMG‐7 are required for efficient dephosphorylation of SMG‐2. Our results suggest that PP2A is the SMG‐2 phosphatase, and the role of SMG‐5 is to direct PP2A to its SMG‐2 substrate. We discuss cycles of SMG‐2 phosphorylation and their roles in NMD.
THE EFFECTS OF POSTNATAL HYPERTHYROIDISM ON CORONAL SUTURE COMPLEXITY IN RABBITS WITH FAMILIAL, DELAYED-ONSET CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS

Craniosynostosis results in abnormal biomechanical forces transmitted across the developing sutures and can be seen as increased interdigitation (sutural complexity). The present study was designed to examine a gene - environmental interaction by testing the hypothesis that postnatal thyroid hormone administered to rabbits with delayed-onset coronal suture synostosis (DOS) would result in an accelerated suture fusion and an increased sutural complexity compared to wild-type and in-colony normal rabbits. 138 coronal sutures were obtained from 69 rabbits, 13 wild type controls; 25 in-colony “phenotypically” normal rabbits, and; 31 rabbits with DOS. The three phenotypes were each divided into 3 treatment groups: untreated controls; vehicle controls, and; rabbits who received a 14 day course of treatment with 0.2 mg/kg of Triiodo thyronine (T3) (Sigma) in saline from 25 to 39 days of age. Longitudinal body weight and blood serum levels of T3 were taken and sutures were extirpated at 42 days of age. Suture images were captured digitally, sutural interdigitation was traced and measured using Image J, and a suture complexity index ((length/interdigitation length) x100) was calculated. Mean values were analyzed using a 3x3 (phenotype x treatment) ANOVA. Rabbits treated with T3 showed significantly (p<0.01) decreased body weight and increased (p<0.01) T3 blood serum levels by 42 days of age. DOS rabbits showed significantly more suture complexity in all three treatment groups compared to controls (F Group= 3.15; p<0.05). Only wild-type rabbits with T3 treatment showed more complexity compared to their own phenotypic controls, however, no treatment or treatment by group effects were noted (F Treatment = 0.415;NS; F Group x Treatment = 1.93;NS). Postnatal T3 exposure resulted in increased suture complexity only in wild-type control rabbits compared to rabbits with familial craniosynstosis. Results suggest that there was no statistically significant gene - environmental interaction between elevated postnatal T3 levels and craniosynostosis in this model.
Revealing the “spirit of the place”: Genius Loci, a spatial augmented reality performance based on 3D data and historical hypotheses

In the cultural heritage field, since twenty years, tools for 3D acquisition and diffusion devices of historical architecture are progressively developed. The association with traditional techniques of survey allows historians achieving a high level of knowledge of the monument. Several kinds of systems are developed to operate data and to share results of archaeological studies such as digital surveys, 3D reconstruction, photorealistic texturing, GIS, documentary database or 3D visit real-time. This paper presents especially the example of a cultural valorisation device called Genius Loci presented in 2011 in the charterhouse of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon (Gard, France). From the 3D digitization of the current church and the restitution proposal of its XVIIIth century state, three scientific and artistic teams have produced a spatial augmented reality performance based on the 3D digital model. Over the dialogue between virtual and real actors, the spirit of the place is progressively revealed. This project illustrates a new kind of heritage valorisation through an efficient collaboration between science, heritage and art.
Source Description of the 1999 Hector Mine, California, Earthquake, Part I: Wavelet Domain Inversion Theory and Resolution Analysis

We present a new procedure for the determination of rupture complexity from a joint inversion of static and seismic data. Our fault parameterization involves multiple fault segments, variable local slip, rake angle, rise time, and rupture velocity. To separate the spatial and temporal slip history, we introduce a wavelet transform that proves effective at studying the time and frequency characteristics of the seismic waveforms. Both data and synthetic seismograms are transformed into wavelets, which are then separated into several groups based on their frequency content. For each group, we use error functions to compare the wavelet amplitude variation with time between data and synthetic seismograms. The function can be an L1 + L2 norm or a correlative function based on the amplitude and scale of wavelet functions. The objective function is defined as the weighted sum of these functions. Subsequently, we developed a finite-fault inversion routine in the wavelet domain. A simulated annealing algorithm is used to determine the finite-fault model that minimizes the objective function described in terms of wavelet coefficients. With this approach, we can simultaneously invert for the slip amplitude, slip direction, rise time, and rupture velocity efficiently. Extensive experiments conducted on synthetic data are used to assess the ability to recover rupture slip details. We, also explore slip-model stability for different choices of layered Earth models assuming the geometry encountered in the 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquake.
Sentence-Based Text Analysis for Customer Reviews

Firms collect an increasing amount of consumer feedback in the form of unstructured consumer reviews. These reviews contain text about consumer experiences with products and services that are different from surveys that query consumers for specific information. A challenge in analyzing unstructured consumer reviews is in making sense of the topics that are expressed in the words used to describe these experiences. We propose a new model for text analysis that makes use of the sentence structure contained in the reviews and show that it leads to improved inference and prediction of consumer ratings relative to existing models using data from www.expedia. com and www.we8there. com. Sentence-based topics are found to be more distinguished and coherent than those identified from a word-based analysis. Data, as supplemental material, are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2016. 0993.
The Influence of the Acoustic Reflector Design on the Temperature Coefficient of Frequency for Shear and Longitudinal Mode AlN Resonators

Most of the applications of solidly mounted resonator need the compensation of temperature coefficient of resonant frequency. The presence of materials with different properties in the stack makes it complicated to explain the influence of each material individually on temperature coefficient. To reduce design and fabrication costs, an accurate and precise modeling of the resonators is required. In this paper, Mason model and finite-element analysis are used to design the resonators and results for both models, which are almost similar, are presented. Different kinds of configuration (symmetric and asymmetric, according to the thickness of the layers) are designed to achieve the temperature coefficient of frequency as near-zero as possible with an optimized response. Such designs are fabricated and characterized obtaining measurements of the temperature coefficient of frequency. The result shows that useful and reliable information on the performance of resonators can be achieved with accurate modeling. [2017-0107]
A new compact IgO/4 coplanar waveguide resonator bandpass filter

This paper presents newly developed compact ¿g0/4 coplanar waveguide resonator bandpass filters (CPW-BPF). Furthermore, a method for suppressing spurious resonance responses of the filters is discussed The experimental results are given of the new CPW-BPFs and compared with the simulations to check the pass band response and the spurious resonance responses The good agreements are obtained between them.
Crypt dynamics and colorectal cancer: advances in mathematical modelling

Abstract. Mathematical modelling forms a key component of systems biology, offering insights that complement and stimulate experimental studies. In this review, we illustrate the role of theoretical models in elucidating the mechanisms involved in normal intestinal crypt dynamics and colorectal cancer. We discuss a range of modelling approaches, including models that describe cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, crypt fission, genetic instability, APC inactivation and tumour heterogeneity. We focus on the model assumptions, limitations and applications, rather than on the technical details. We also present a new stochastic model for stem‐cell dynamics, which predicts that, on average, APC inactivation occurs more quickly in the stem‐cell pool in the absence of symmetric cell division. This suggests that natural niche succession may protect stem cells against malignant transformation in the gut. Finally, we explain how we aim to gain further understanding of the crypt system and of colorectal carcinogenesis with the aid of multiscale models that cover all levels of organization from the molecular to the whole organ.
Exploring Privacy Leakage from the Resource Usage Patterns of Mobile Apps

Due to the popularity of smart phones and mobile apps, a potential privacy risk with the usage of mobile apps is that, from the usage information of mobile apps (e.g., how many hours a user plays mobile games in each day), private information about a user’s living habits and personal activities can be inferred. To assess this risk, this thesis answers the following research question: can the type of a mobile app (e.g., email, web browsing, mobile game, music streaming, etc.) used by a user be inferred from the resource (e.g., CPU, memory, network, etc.) usage patterns of the mobile app? This thesis answers this question for two kinds of systems, a single mobile device and a mobile cloud computing system. First, two privacy attacks under the same framework are proposed based on supervised learning algorithms. Then these attacks are implemented and explored in a mobile device and in a cloud computing environment. Experimental evaluations show that the type of app can be inferred with high probability. In particular, the attacks achieve up to 100% accuracy on a mobile device, and 66.7% accuracy in the mobile cloud computing environment. This study shows that resource usage patterns of mobile apps can be used to infer the type of apps being used, and thus can cause privacy leakage if not protected.