Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MMQT: Maximizing the Monitoring Quality for Targets Based on Probabilistic Sensing Model in Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), target coverage is an important issue which aims at finding a set of sensors to monitor the targets for maximizing both the surveillance quality and network lifetime. However, most of them assumed that each sensor is battery powered and the Boolean Sensing Model (BSM) is applied. Sensors powered by battery have a limited lifetime while the BSM is difficult to reflect the physical features of sensing. This paper proposes target coverage mechanisms, called C-MMQT and D-MMQT, which consider the solar-powered sensors and allows the battery to be recharged for maintaining the perpetual lifetime of sensor networks. The proposed mechanisms apply the Probabilistic Sensing Model (PSM) and consider that different targets have different importance. Two challenges have been overcome in this paper. First, each sensor is well scheduled for switching between recharging and working states for maintaining its perpetual lifetime since its battery is solar powered. Second, the sensors that are able to monitor the common target are well scheduled for cooperative sensing to maximize the surveillance quality since PSM is applied. Two efficient sensor schedules are proposed to maximize the surveillance quality of the bottleneck target which has the lowest surveillance quality. Performance study shows that the proposed mechanisms outperform the existing mechanisms in terms of Quality of Monitoring, Average utility, Fairness and Efficiency index.
IEEE 1815.1-Based Power System Security With Bidirectional RNN-Based Network Anomalous Attack Detection for Cyber-Physical System

The introduction of the cyber-physical system (CPS) into power systems has created a variety of communication requirements and functions that existing legacy systems do not support. To this end, the IEEE 1815.1 standard defines the mapping between existing distributed network protocol networks and IEC 61850 networks that reflect new requirements. However, advanced CPS cyberattacks have been reported, and in order to address cyberattacks, security research on new power systems that use network devices and heterogeneous communication is necessary. In this study, we propose an intrusion detection system for an IEEE 1815.1-based power system using CPS. We 1) analyze an IEEE 1815.1-based power system network and propose a suitable application method for an intrusion detection system, 2) suggest a bidirectional recurrent neural network-based anomaly detection system for an IEEE 1815.1-based network, and 3) demonstrate the verification of the proposed technique using various power system-specific attack data, including real power system using CPS network traffic, CPS malware behavior (CMB), false data injection (FDI), and disabling reassembly (DR) attacks. Proposed technique successfully detected five types of CMB attacks, three types of FDI and DR attacks.
Marine Algae of the Andaman Sea Coast of Thailand: Chlorophyceae

While the Gulf of Thailand has inspired a limited phycological literature (Reinbold, 1901; Foslie, 1901; Gomont, 1901; Dawson, 1954a; Egerod, 1971), the west coast of peninsular Thailand bordering on the Indian Ocean has remained phycologically uncharted until the recent report of the Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae collected on the Fifth Thai-Danish Expedition of 1966 (Egerod, 1974). Previous to this account only three or four isolated species stemming from this area had found their way into the larger literature of the Indo-Pacific äs a whole.
Modelling and Analyzing of dc to dc Converter for Solar Pump Applications

This paper presents a model for dc to dc converter in a solar pump application. The model includes the MPPT controller which uses the Perturb & Observe (P&O) algorithm. The MPPT block ensures maximum power drawn from the solar panel for the solar pump by regulating the voltage level of the buck converter through the generation of an appropriate PWM signal. The modelling of the system is explained from open-loop to close-loop. It also explores the model of regenerative breaking in open-loop and closed-loop system. The regenerative breaking includes batter as an energy storage element. Both cases are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink.
Improving Itinerary Recommendations for Tourists Through Metaheuristic Algorithms: An Optimization Proposal

In recent years, recommender systems have been used as a solution to support tourists with recommendations oriented to maximize the entertainment value of visiting a tourist destination. However, this is not an easy task because many aspects need to be considered to make realistic recommendations: the context of a tourist destination visited, lack of updated information about points of interest, transport information, weather forecast, etc. The recommendations concerning a tourist destination must be linked to the interests and constraints of the tourist. In this research, we present a mobile recommender system based on Tourist Trip Design Problem (TTDP)/Time Depending (TD) – Orienteering Problem (OP) – Time Windows (TW), which analyzes in real time the user’s constraints and the points of interest’s constraints. For solving TTDP, we clustered preferences depending on the number of days that a tourist will visit a tourist destination using a k-means algorithm. Then, with a genetic algorithm (GA), we optimize the proposed itineraries to tourists for facilitating the organization of their visits. We also used a parametrized fitness function to include any element of the context to generate an optimized recommendation. Our recommender is different from others because it is scalable and adaptable to environmental changes and users’ interests, and it offers real-time recommendations. To test our recommender, we developed an application that uses our algorithm. Finally, 131 tourists used this recommender system and an analysis of users’ perceptions was developed. Metrics were also used to detect the percentage of precision, in order to determine the degree of accuracy of the recommender system. This study has implications for researchers interested in developing software to recommend the best itinerary for tourists with constraint controls with regard to the optimized itineraries.
Fixed Switching Frequency Predictive Control of Boost Converter Interfaced PMSG Wind Turbines

In permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind turbines, the back-to-back connected voltage source converter (VSC) can be replaced by a power converter based on diode rectifier, boost converter, and a grid tied VSC to decrease the cost and improve reliability. To accomplish fixed switching frequency operation, a deadbeat current control (DBCC) for the boost converter and a modulated model predictive current control (MMPCC) for the grid tied VSC is proposed in this paper. The DBCC regulates the inductor current for the maximum power point tracking, while the MMPCC controls the stationary-frame grid currents such that the grid active and reactive powers are regulated with excellent power quality. The proposed control method ensures less steady-state error, fast transient response and fixed switching frequency under a wide dynamic range. The simulation studies are conducted on a 750-kW direct driven surface-mounted PMSG wind turbine at different wind speeds and reactive powers to verify the feasibility of the proposed control method.
Quadcopter Simulation Model for Research of Monitoring Tasks

The article describe a simulation of the drone designed to monitor a large area. Three scenarios are considered: detection of the fire source in the forest, detection of intruders in the forbidden territory and detection 0 their cars. Open source software is used for the simulation: robotic simulator Gazebo, framework for robotic applications Robot Operating System, communication protocol for small unmanned vehicles MAVLink and autopilot system PX4. Iris+ quadcopter is chosen as a prototype for the simulation, its mathematical model is presented as well as the vision model based on the PX4FLOW monocular camera and optical flow. Algorithms for detecting objects of interest are described. As a result, the successful tests of simulation are presented, in which the classification and localization accuracy is tested.
Polarity Estimation in a Signed Social Graph Using Graph Features

Signed graphs play an important role in social setup. They represent a majority of the networks that model sentiment, trust, opinions and a lot more between entities (people, organizations etc.) represented by the nodes. We propose an approach to predict the polarity of an edge of the graph solely based on the graph features. The key aspect of this experiment lies in the fact that we are trying to model the polarity estimation exclusively based on the structural aspects of the graph while earlier works have focused on using the non-structural, external data like textual attributes from, for example, reviews. Our experiment is to find the latent information that graph features possibly possess. We have also come up with a compact feature vector representation for the task of prediction of the polarity of the edge. We see that it outperforms the selected baseline which is seen to use a bigger feature vector i.e. the feature vector that we are using is almost one-fourth the size of our baseline’s feature vector.
Investigating Car Futures from Different Angles

The design of self-driving cars is one of the most exciting and ambitious challenges of our days and every day, new research work is published. In order to give an orientation, this article will pre-sent an overview of various methods used to study the human side of autonomous driving. Simplifying roughly, you can distinguish between design science-oriented methods (such as Research through Design, Wizard of Oz or driving simulator) and behavioral science methods (such as survey, interview, and observation). We show how these methods are adopted in the context of autonomous driving research and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. Due to the complexity of the topic, we will show that mixed method approaches will be suitable to explore the impact of autonomous driving on different levels: the individual, the social interaction and society.
Gene Network Reconstruction via Transfer Learning across Multiple Organisms

The task of Gene Network Reconstruction (GNR) is receiving increasing attention in the recent years. The main motivation can be found in its usefulness for biologists, who can obtain more information about the various interactions between genes, which are otherwise difficult and expensive to be identified with classical in-lab methods. The task of GNR is usually solved by adopting a graph structure, where nodes are the genes and edges correspond to gene interactions. State of the art link prediction methods, as outlined in [4], can be categorized in feature-based measures (e.g., vector-based distances, L-norms, correlation coefficients), local similarity based measures (e.g., common neighbors, Jaccard index), global similarity based measures (e.g., Kats index [2]) and quasilocal similarity based measures (e.g., Local path index [3]). Focusing on machine learning approaches, it is possible to adopt link prediction algorithms to identify possibly unknown interactions, which mainly aim at identifying a binary classifier. Accordingly, several machine learning methods to solve this task have been proposed in the literature (e.g. the methods based on clustering [9], Bayesian networks [6]). However, there is no method that works optimally over all the datasets [4]. In [1, 5] , the authors show that solutions that combine different methods are able to obtain better results over multiple datasets.
Simulation and numerical analysis of pneumatic actuator behavior

Goal of the work is to analyze the function of the pneumatic actuator. A relation between the device construction and the hysteresis in the pressure/stroke relation was studied. A Numerical model of the actuator was created and its results were analyzed. Hyperelastic material properties of the rubber diaphragm were applied in the model and influence of friction between rubber and steel parts of the actuator was evaluated. Reasons of hysteresis were identified and some modifications of the actuator are suggested. Keywords—hyperelasticity, hysteresis, numerical analysis, pneumatic actuator.
A comparison of UI presentation methods for an interactive dance choreography assistant tool

This research focuses on which presentation methods are considered to be effective in the user interface (UI) of a choreography assistant tool. Such a tool will assist experts in developing new variations based on existing choreography input. Such variations can be communicated to the end-user using various presentation methods (sound, text and animations). In this research we investigate which methods are considered most effective in the interactive environment by end-users. Based on a literature review, we developed four presentation methods: textual descriptions, 2D animations, 3D animations and auditory instructions. In a user study with 7 experts, we evaluated the effectiveness and user acceptance of these four methods in two different dance styles. The outcome of the expert survey shows that the tool is effective in communicating the variations to the experts and that they express a preference for 3D animations based on the given scores and presented choice. Based on these results, we propose a design for the UI of an interactive dance choreography assistant tool.
A Comparison of Three Anatomical Structures for Estimating Age in a Slow-Growing Subarctic Population of Lake Whitefish

AbstractIt has been well documented in previous research that otoliths are the preferred hard structure for estimating age in coregonids. However, the slower growth due to short growing seasons experienced by populations in the subarctic region of the boreal zone may alter the utility of alternative nonlethal structures for estimating age. We compared the three most commonly used age estimation structures (otoliths, pectoral fin rays, and scales) for Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis in a northern (above 50°N) population from Great Slave Lake. This study provides new perspectives regarding the use of different aging structures with fish populations typical of subarctic and arctic environments. Results of ANOVA showed that reader confidence, within-reader precision, and the age estimates themselves were all affected by age structure; reader confidence also varied with age-class. Reader confidence was highest for age estimates from otoliths, followed by pectoral fin rays and then scales. Similarly, with.
The biology and exploitation of John dory, Zeus faber (Linnaeus, 1758) in the waters of England and Wales

John dory have become an important by-catch for trawl gears in the western English Channel (ICES division VIIe). English and Welsh LPUE data indicated the John dory stock was centred to the south and west of the British Isles, but extended north into the Irish Sea and east into the southern North Sea during quarters three and four. The growth and exploitation pattern of John dory in the English Channel are described using length samples of commercial landings, discards, and research vessel samples taken between April 1994 and March 1996. In the English Channel the seasonal peak in landings during quarters three and four coincided with the period of recruitment. Recruitment was at a length of approximately 23 cm, most commercial landings were in the length range 23-39 cm, and the maximum observed length was 59 cm. A seasonal growth model fitted to quarterly length data indicted that recruitment took place at age 1+. The mean length of first maturity was estimated at 26 cm in males and 34.5 cm in females, and suggested that the eastern English Channel (ICES Division VIId) was a seasonal nursery ground for John dory. Some options for stock conservation are discussed.
The Spanish flu as a worst case scenario?

For preparation of pandemic plans for the H5N1 bird flu virus, it has been common practice among health authorities in several countries to use crude death figures from the Spanish flu pandemic as a worst case scenario. This has been done without taking into consideration either what is known about the molecular biology of malignant influenza viruses or the detailed statistical information that is available about the Spanish flu pandemic, as regards the variation of death risk as a function of age and also as regards the different behavior of the virus during successive pandemic waves. There is no scientific basis for the assumption that a new pandemic influenza virus cannot be worse than the Spanish flu virus. However, if we hypothetically assume recurrence of a pandemic influenza virus with virulence and transmissibility properties identical to the Spanish flu virus, but belonging to a subtype other than those that have been circulating in human populations since 1918, it will be unrealistic to assume that the older part of the population will be immune against a type of virus that their immune system has never encountered before. Therefore we have attempted to estimate what might have happened by counterfactually assuming that individuals in 1918 had not been immunized earlier against H1 (or H1N1) influenza viruses that were circulating before 1890. An overview is given of age-related changes in immunological factors that may affect the age-specific mortality in different age groups, and also expected consequences for the mortality in different age groups of mitochondrial DNA aging per se. Extrapolations for age-specific death rate have been made for four different scenarios, giving lower and upper boundaries for what might have happened if nobody had been immune when the 1918–1920 pandemic started. For the first (lower boundary) scenario the age-specific death rate is increasing up to the age of 30 and is assumed (very unrealistically) to be constant thereafter. For the second scenario the age-specific death rate is monotonically increasing as a function of age according to an almost cubic functionality. For the third (upper boundary) scenario the age-specific death rate is increasing exponentially with age. For the third scenario the mortality of the world population becomes 0.3. Thus 30% of the world population could have been killed by the Spanish flu virus, had nobody been immune when the pandemic started. For the fourth scenario the mortality by age due to the virus mimics the traditional mortality by age in a population. The fifth scenario is identical with scenario 3, except that it is also counterfactually assumed that the wave 2 virus came first. For this scenario, it is found that as much as 80% of the total world population in 1918 might have been killed by the Spanish flu virus.
The Host Genotype Affects the Bacterial Community in the Human Gastronintestinal Tract

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one of the most complex ecosystems consisting of microbial and host cells. It is suggested that the host genotype, the physiology of the host and environmental factors affect the composition and function of the bacterial community in the intestine. However, the relative impact of these factors is unknown. In this study, we used a culture-independent approach to analyze the bacterial composition in the GI tract. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles of fecal bacterial 16S rDNA amplicons from adult humans with varying degrees of genetic relatedness were compared by determining the similarity indices of the profiles compared. The similarity between fecal DGGE profiles of monozygotic twins were significantly higher than those for unrelated individuals (ts = 2.73, p1-tail = 0.0063, df=21). In addition, a positive relationship (F1, 30 = 8.63, p = 0.0063) between the similarity indices and the genetic relatedness of the hosts was observed. In contrast, fecal DGGE profiles of marital partners, which are living in the same environment and which have comparable feeding habits, showed low similarity which was not significantly different from that of unrelated individuals (ts = 1.03, p1-tail = 0.1561, df=27). Our data indicate that factors related to the host genotype have an important effect on determining the bacterial composition in the GI tract.
Detection of Growth Factor mRNAs in Porcine Cumulus-Oocyte Complexes During Maturation In Vivo and In Vitro

This study was carried out to examine, by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), whether growth factor mRNAs [epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and platelet-derived growth factor A chain (PDGF-A)] express in porcine cumulus-oocytes complexes (COCs) during maturation in vivo and in vitro. Porcine oocytes or their surrounding cumulus cells were analyzed immediately after collection (0 h), at 12, 24, 36 and 42 h of in vitro maturation, and at 42 h of hCG injection in eCG primed gilts, respectively. EGF, IGF-I, bFGF and PDGF-A mRNAs were detectable in both oocytes and cumulus cells at all stages of in vitro maturation. TGF-α mRNA was detectable in cumulus cells at all stages of in vitro maturation, whereas TGF-α mRNA in oocytes was not detected throughout in vitro maturation. In addition, the expression patterns of those genes in COCs matured in vivo were entirely consistent with those in COCs matured in vitro. These results provide the evidence that several growth factor mRNAs are present in both oocytes and cumulus cells during maturation and support the concept that those factors are involved in the regulation of porcine oocyte maturation.
Fatty acid and polar lipid composition in the classification of Cellulomonas, Oerskovia and related taxa

Strains representing the taxa Cellulomonas, Oerskovia, Brevibacterium fermentans, Corynebacterium manihot and Nocardia cellulans were degraded by acid methanolysis and the non-hydroxylated fatty acid esters released examined by thin-layer and gas chromatography. The major fatty acid in all strains was 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (anteiso C15) which occurred together with other anteiso acids, iso and straight-chain acids. The fatty acid profiles of the cellulomonads were distinguished by the presence of 13-carbon acids and significantly higher proportions of straight-chain acids than found in the other test strains whose profiles were closely similar to one another. Two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography showed that almost identical and very characteristic polar lipid patterns were given by all the organisms under study: the only major components were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and two phospho-glycolipids chromatographing similarly to, but distinguishable from, the mono- and diacyl phosphatidylinositol dimannosides characteristic of Nocardia and other actinomycetes. The accumulated lipid data support the reclassification of B. fermentans, Cor. manihot and N. cellulans in the genus Oerskovia.