Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE SUITABILITY OF WILLIAM’S CREATIVITY INDICATORS WITH THE CREATIVITY-BASED WORKSHEET FOR THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ON DESIGNING SIMPLE DISTILLATION TOOL

The research concerning students’ worksheet in designing simple distillation tool was aimed to construct creativity-based students’ worksheet in mixture separation material using simple distillation whose component is in accordance with William’s Creativity Indicators. The research method used was evaluation method. This study consists of three-stage activities that include preparation, implementation, and reporting. In the preparation stage, the materials related to the arrangement of the student’s worksheet and validation sheet are prepared. In the implementation stage, the researchers validated the worksheet using the validator. The reporting stage contains the analysis of validation results for later drawing conclusions. The instruments used in this research were content validation sheet. Data analysis techniques used in this research are Likert Scale. The results of the research are obtained that the content in the creativity-based students’ worksheet when the students activity on designing simple distillation tool categorised highly suitable with the William’s creativity indicators. Based on this research, it is expected that science teachers will be inspired by this study to teach mixture separation material using simple distillation.
Numerical analysis for the influence of the construction of the secondary reaction plate on the characteristics of linear induction motor-for urban rail-guided transportation -

In Linear Induction Motor for rail-guided transportation, to meet the demand for reducing transverse edgeeffect and correspond to the end ring of rotary induction motor, various types of the construction of secondary reaction plate have been considered. In order to demonstrate the characteristics of each model, this paper describes the fundamental mathematical formulation of the simplified field calculation as well as the simulation results through 3-dimensional numerical analysis. Keywords—Linear Induction Motor, end-effect, edge-effect, secondary reaction plate, 3D numerical analysis
Civλ1549 as an Eigenvector 1 Parameter for Active Galactic Nuclei

We have been exploring a spectroscopic unification for all known types of broad line emitting AGN. The 4D Eigenvector 1 (4DE1) parameter space shows promise as a unification capable of organizing quasar diversity on a sequence primarily governed by Eddington ratio. This paper considers the role of Civλ1549 measures with special emphasis on the Civλ1549 line shift as a principal 4DE1 diagnostic. We use HST archival spectra for 130 sources with S/N high enough to permit reliable Civλ1549 broad component measures. We find a Civλ1549BC profile blueshift that is strongly concentrated among (largely radio-quiet: RQ) sources with FWHM(HβBC). 4000 km s −1 (which we call Population A). Narrow line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1, with FWHM Hβ ≤ 2000 km s) sources belong to this population but do not emerge as a distinct class. The systematic blueshift, widely interpreted as arising in a disk wind/outflow, is not observed in broader line AGN (including most radio-loud (RL) sources but also ∼ 25 % of RQ) which we call Population B. We find new correlations between FWHM(Civλ1549BC) and Civλ1549 line shift as well as the equivalent width of Civλ1549. They are seen only in Pop. A sources. Broader-lined sources show random scatter. Civλ1549 measures enhance the apparent dichotomy between sources with FWHM(HβBC) less and greater than 4000 km s (Sulentic et al. 2000a) suggesting that it has more significance in the context of Broad Line Region structure than the more commonly discussed RL vs. RQ dichotomy. Black hole masses computed from Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; giacomo@merlot.astr. ua.edu INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy; paola.marziani@oapd.inaf. it Instituto de Astronomı́a, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México (UNAM), Apdo. Postal 70-264, 04510 Mexico D.F. , Mexico; deborah@astroscu.unam. mx
Construction of a Hair-follicle-cell-specific Expression Vector of IGF-1 and Its Transfection into Caprine Fetal Fibroblasts Cells

The present study is aimed to construct a hair-follicle-cell-specific expression vector of ovine insulin like growth factor 1(IGF-1),transfect it into caprine fetal fibroblast cells(CFFCs),and further to obtain CFFCs cell lines stably expressing red fluorescence,which can be used in nuclear transfer.IGF-1 cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Then pCDsR-KI(7.4 kb),a hair-follicle-cell-specific expression vector of IGF-1,was constructed by connecting with KAP6-1 promoter,as well as a pCDsRed2 expression unit.The CFFCs were successfully isolated by attachment of tissue pieces from a fetus of cashmere goat.The 2nd passage of CFFCs were transfected with the expression vector mediated by lipofectamineTM 2000.After screening the transfected cells by genetycin in DMEM/F12 media supplemented with 10% FBS for 12 to 15 days at 37 ℃ in a humidified 5% CO2 condition,cell clones stably expressing red fluorescence were obtained.Identification of the transgene in cell clones by ploymerase chain reaction proved that the exogenous DNA has been integrated into genome.The growth curves of transgenic cells were drawn and the analyses of the cells chromosome were performed.The result showed that growth of the transgenic cells was prosperous and the parameters of genetics were normal.So this study was a preparation of donor cells to obtain transgenic cashmere goats by nuclear transfer.
Is Completeness Necessary? Penalized Estimation in Non Identified Linear Models

Identification is an important issue in many econometric models. This paper studies potentially non-identified and/or weakly identified ill-posed inverse models. The leading examples are the nonparametric IV regression and the functional linear IV regression. We show that in the case of identification failures, a very general family of continuously-regularized estimators is consistent for the best approximation of the parameter of interest. We obtain L2 and L∞ convergence rates for this general class of regularization schemes, including Tikhonov, iterated Tikhonov, spectral cut-off, and Landweber-Fridman. Unlike in the identified case, estimation of the operator has non-negligible impact on convergence rates and inference. We develop inferential methods for linear functionals in such models. Lastly, we demonstrate the discontinuity in the asymptotic distribution in case of weak identification. In particular, the estimator has a degenerate U -statistics type behavior, in the extreme case of weak instrument.
Changes in the microbial biomass and metabolic quotient during leaf litter succession in some New Zealand forest and scrubland ecosystems.

The soil microbial biomass and microbial metabolic quotient (respiration: biomass ratio) was measured in 16 forest and scrubland ecosystems throughout New Zealand, on materials representing successional stages of plant litter and its subsequent incorporation into the F-H and mineral soil layers. Microbial biomass usually peaked in the L 1 layer and then declined. The microbial carbon:organic carbon ratio decreased sharply between the F-H layer and the underlying mineral layer, indicating that a stress factor (possibly pH) reduced the proportion of organic matter immobilized in the microbial biomass at this stage. The microbial respiration: biomass ratio declined between the L 1 and F-H stages
Unified All-scale Potential for Positive and Negative Mass: Negative Mass Behavior

The Standard Model faces challenges in its attempts to explain dark matter and dark energy. The Fractal Rings and Composite Elementary Particles (FRACEP) model was developed as an alternative that might shed some light on the problem. It is based on both positive and negative mass fundamental particles (Gp and Gn respectively), and it includes a fully unified potential (VFRACEP) to characterize the behavior of positive and negative mass sources. This potential is a function of mass and the square-root of mass, giving it both real and imaginary components at every scale for negative mass sources. The real component at the macro-scale far-field is consistent with Newton for positive or negative mass sources before a near-field transition to oscillation. The near-field oscillation for the Gn-Gp interaction quickly grows to the large, repulsive level expected for a creation event, a condition that might have driven an inflationary expansion of space in the early universe. The behavior of the negative-source potential might help explain some of the dark matter and energy puzzle.
Numerical Evaluation and Management Suggestions for Heavy Metal Pollution Risks in a Sludge Landfill: A Case Study from Fuyong Landfill, Shenzhen, China

Despite the extensive attention paid to the transport of heavy metals in sludge landfills, the processes of transporting these pollutants from a landfill to the underground environment are quite complicated and subject to significant uncertainty. In this study, the transport of typical heavy metal pollutants in a sludge landfill through saturated and unsaturated soil zones during rainfall was investigated via numerical modeling. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the heavy metal pollution risk from a sludge landfill under rainfall infiltration conditions and to propose several management suggestions. The results indicate that, during rainfall, heavy metal concentrations at the top of the unsaturated sludge layer decrease rapidly, but they decrease more gradually at the bottom of the layer. The maximum concentration appears in vertical distribution and decreases gradually through the saturated zone. Nickel is the first heavy metal pollutant to break through the low-permeability natural silt barrier. The transport parameters not only influence the simulated time for heavy metal pollutants to break through the silt layer and cause underground environmental pollution but also affect the extent to which the heavy metal pollutants in pore water exceed the guidelines. On the basis of these results, for dredged sludge with heavy metal concentrations significantly exceeding the standard, the concentration of heavy metals in pore water should be reduced before the sludge is landfilled, and a covering layer should be established on the sludge surface to control rainfall infiltration.
Spatial and seasonal variations in the water quality of Jinhae Bay, Korea

Abstract The chemical and biological characteristics of surface waters in Jinhae Bay were investigated over four seasons to understand water quality in light of the growing industrialisation occurring within this area. Jinhae Bay includes four smaller bays: Masan; Hangam; Jindong; and Gohyun. The water quality in Jinhae Bay varied spatially and seasonally. The water quality of both Hangam Bay and Masan Bay was highly degraded, demonstrating high concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, chlorophyll a and particulate organic carbon. Contamination from sewage was the dominant cause of the water quality deterioration in these bays. Conversely, the water quality in Jindong Bay and Gohyun Bay was not as severely affected as that of the above two bays. Water quality in Jinhae Bay was particularly poor in summer when nutrient loading was highest due to the run-off associated with high precipitation. Principal component analysis indicated that nitrogen contamination was a major factor influencing the water quality of Jinhae Bay. The effective reduction in high-nitrogen discharges is essential to improve water quality in Jinghae Bay.
Approximate Bound State Solutions of the Hellmann Plus Kratzer Potential in N-dimensional Space

We have examined the approximate l_(N-1)-state solutions of the N-dimensional Schrodinger equation for a particle interacting with the Hellmann plus Kratzer potential. In hyperspherical coordinate system, we have constructed the bound state energy equation and the wavefunctions expressed by the hypergeometric function via the asymptotic iteration approach in detail. When considered the special cases of parameters in Hellmann plus Kratzer potential, this potential turns into several potential models. In this connection, the non-relativistic energy spectra for the modified Kratzer, Yukawa, Coulomb and Hellmann potentials in approximate analytic form have been obtained in hyperspherical coordinates. We have presented the numerical energy eigenvalues for the Hellmann, Yukawa and Coulomb potentials in N=3 dimensions. Our present results provide an appropriate test of the accuracy of asymptotic iteration formalism.
Mixed integer ink selection for spectral reproduction

We introduce a novel ink selection method for spectral printing. The ink selection algorithm takes a spectral image and a set of inks as input, and selects a subset of those inks that results in optimal spectral reproduction. We put forward an optimization formulation that searches a huge combinatorial space based on mixed integer programming. We show that solving this optimization in the conventional reflectance space is intractable. The main insight of this work is to solve our problem in the spectral absorbance space with a linearized formulation. The proposed ink selection copes with large-size problems for which previous methods are hopeless. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in a concrete setting by lifelike reproduction of handmade paintings. For a successful spectral reproduction of high-resolution paintings, we explore their spectral absorbance estimation, efficient coreset representation, and accurate data-driven reproduction.
P o S ( T A S I 2 0 1 7 ) 0 0 9 Primordial Cosmology

These lectures cover aspects of primordial cosmology with a focus on observational tests of physics beyond the Standard Model. The presentation is divided into two parts: In Part I, we study the production of new light particles in the hot big bang and describe their effects on the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background. In Part II, we investigate the possibility of very massive particles being created during inflation and determine their imprints in higher-order cosmological correlations.
Selection of Large-Sized Cunninghamia lanceolata Superior Trees and Variation Analysis on the Major Economic Traits

Taking DBH as selection index,38 superior Cunninghamia lanceolata individuals(DBH≥26cm) were selected from 23yr old progeny plantation inside the primary seed orchard.The realized-gain of DBH of all the superior individuals was all over 56%. Further analysis revealed that the tested economic traits including height,DBH,standing volume,bark ratio(BR),wood basic density(DEN) and wood hygroscopicity(WH) varied greatly among the superior trees,and the variation coefficient was over 10%. It was also found that the height,DBH,volume,and WH were positively correlated to each other significantly or extremely significantly(significance 0.05 or 0.01) among the superior trees,while there were significant or extremely significant negative correlations between BR and DBH,standing volume,between DEN and WH and each growth index.According to the classification results of the superior trees in VB(volume without bark) and DEN,17 individuals were identified to have a higher level of VB than that of the mean value of the superior trees population(PM),and the DEN value of superior S14,S18,S22,S25 trees displayed a relatively high level than that of PM.
Expression and Purification of S100A4 Fusion Protein of Deer Antler in E.coli BL21

Our early research demonstrated that antler generation and regeneration both depend on stem cells.Stem cells of antlers exist in the periosteum that will develop into an antler.The periosteum of this area is called antlerogenic periosteum(AP). AP expresses S100A4 molecule,which is thought to be critical for regulating antler generation.High quality of pure S100A4 is required to explore the regulatory mechanism of S100A4 in antler regeneration.In order to meet this demand,we designed the primers which include the cutting sites of EcoR I and BamH I to clone the gene of S100A4.We digested the fragment and PGEX-6p-1 vector with restriction enzymesa,nd linked them together.The products of linking was transformed into competent cells(Top10F)’. We selected positive colonies which were verified with PCR and gel electrophoresis.We transformed the recombinant vector into competent cells(BL21(DE3) pLys S),and expression of protein was induced by the lactose analog isopropylβ-D thiogalactoside(IPTG). Successful Expression of S100A4 protein was demon-strated by SDS-PAGE and western blot.In the end we purified the fusion protein.This experiment successfully produced S100A4molecule belonging to sika through prokaryotic expression system.
Influence of storage on the chemical composition of Stylosanthes hays for equine feeding

During dry seasons, equines are traditionally fed hay. However, if not prepared under favorable climatic conditions and if not properly stored, hay does not preserve its nutritional value. The aim of this research was to evaluate the chemical composition in Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirao and Estilosantes Campo Grande hay varieties, used to feed equines over 225 days of storage. Treatments consisted of Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirao and Estilosantes Campo Grande hay varieties, assessed at six moments of storage: 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, and 225 days. The experiment followed a completely randomized split-plot design. In the comparison between varieties, differences (P0.05) over the 225 days of storage. The storage period had little impact on the nutritional quality of the assessed hays. The Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirao and, mainly, Estilosantes Campo Grande hay varieties have potential to be used in equine diet.
NEW SPECIES OF THE QUINARIA GROUP OF DROSOPHILA (DIPTERA, DROSOPHILIDAE)

The widespread American species called "transversa" is shown to be undescribed, while the Rocky Mountain species, subquinaria Spencer, agrees in most respects with the European transversa. Three new species of this complex are described: Drosophila falleni from Ontario to Florida to Texas to Minnesota; recens from North Dakota to Maine and Ontario; and rellima from Nebraska, Oregon and California. The European species Drosophila transversa Fallen was first re- ported from North America by Loew (1864), and later authors have continued to use this name for a common species of the eastern United States. Hsu (1949) pointed out, however, that the male genitalia of American specimens differed from that of "transversa" from Switzer- land and from China. In reinvestigating this problem I have had the loan of additional material from the U. S. National Museum, through the assistance of Dr. W. W. Wirth, and from the Canadian National Collection, through the assistance of Dr. J. F. McAlpine. In addition, Mr. E. B. Basden of Edinburgh, Scotland, has most generously supplied speci- mens, drawings, photographs and copious notes on true European transversa, including data on the lectotype and syntypes from Falldn's collection. It is now clear that the widespread American species going under the name transversa is quite distinct; it is described below as Dro- sophila falleni in honor of the famous dipterist who established the genus Drosophila in 1823. Examination of the male genitalia of some American members of the quinaria species group revealed, however, that Drosophila sub- quinaria Spencer is extremely similar to the true transversa; hybridi- zation tests between them will be carried out in the near future to confirm or deny this possible synonymy. During this study two additional new species of the quinaria group were discovered; these are described below as D. recens and rellima. Holotypes of the new species are in the Drosophila Type and Refer- ence Collection of the University of Texas, Austin. Some paratypes
Primate neuronal connections are sparse as compared to mouse

Detailing how primate and mouse neurons differ is critical to understanding how brains evolve and for translating findings from mice into humans. However, scarce data about neuronal connections, particularly in primates, makes such comparisons difficult. We use large volume electron microscopy to address this gap, reconstructing 11,415 synapses onto morphologically equivalent adult primate and mouse neurons in Layer 2/3 of primary visual cortex (V1). Neurons from both species distribute in cortex at similar densities, have similar somatic volumes, and dendritic branching patterns, but primate excitatory and inhibitory neurons receive ∼4 times fewer excitatory and inhibitory connections than equivalent mouse neurons. The reduction in excitatory inputs is larger, resulting in a 2-fold decreased ratio of excitatory to inhibitory inputs in primate neurons. Finally, despite reductions in inhibitory synapse number, neighboring excitatory primate neurons are co-innervated by inhibitory axons at rates and proportions similar to mouse neurons. We present a first glimpse of large-scale connectivity comparisons across mouse and primate brains which underscore the need for future analyses since such differences likely represent a substantial part of how mouse and primate brains differ.
Stretching of the retinal pigment epithelium contributes to zebrafish optic cup morphogenesis

The vertebrate eye primordium consists of a pseudostratified neuroepithelium, the optic vesicle (OV), in which cells acquire neural retina or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) fates. As these fates arise, the OV assumes a cup-shape, influenced by mechanical forces generated within the neural retina. Whether the RPE passively adapts to retinal changes or actively contributes to OV morphogenesis remains unexplored. Here, we generated a zebrafish Tg(E1-bhlhe40:GFP) line to track RPE morphogenesis and interrogate its participation in OV folding. We show that, in virtual absence of proliferation, RPE cells stretch into a squamous configuration, thereby matching the curvature of the underlying retina. Forced proliferation and localized interference with the RPE cytoskeleton disrupt its stretching and OV folding. Thus, extreme RPE flattening and accelerated differentiation are efficient solutions adopted by fast-developing species to enable timely optic cup formation. This mechanism differs in amniotes, in which proliferation largely drives RPE expansion with a much-reduced need of cell flattening.
De novo DNA methylation controls neuronal maturation during adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Dynamic DNA methylation controls gene-regulatory networks underlying cell fate specification. How DNA methylation patterns change during adult hippocampal neurogenesis and their relevance for adult neural stem cell differentiation and related brain function has, however, remained unknown. Here, we show that neurogenesis-associated de novo DNA methylation is critical for maturation and functional integration of adult-born hippocampal neurons. Cell stage-specific bisulfite sequencing revealed a pronounced gain of DNA methylation at neuronal enhancers, gene bodies and binding sites of pro-neuronal transcription factors during adult neurogenesis, which mostly correlated with transcriptional up-regulation of the associated loci. Inducible deletion of both de novo DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b in adult neural stem cells specifically impaired dendritic outgrowth and synaptogenesis of new-born neurons, resulting in reduced hippocampal excitability and specific deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Our results highlight that, during adult neurogenesis, remodeling of neuronal methylomes is fundamental for proper hippocampal function.