Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficiency and Accuracy of Three-Dimensional Models Versus Dental Casts: A Clinical Study.

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of digital and plaster model methods and the time required for analysis. Methods A total of 30 subjects (20 females, 10 males; mean age, 14.36±6.30 years), who required plaster models for the construction of either a fixed or a removable orthodontic appliance, were randomly selected. As part of the diagnostic records, digital impressions with a three-dimensional (3D) intra-oral scanner (TriosColor-P13 Shape) were taken from all subjects. Conventional impressions for the orthodontic appliances were taken with alginate (Orthoprint, Zhermack, Italy), and the plaster models were obtained (Scheu-Dental, GmbH.D-58642, Iserlohn, Germany). Two groups were formed. In the conventional measurement group, manual measurements were taken on the plaster models, while in the digital measurement group, the 3Shape OrthoAnalyzer 2013 software was used to make the measurements on the 3D models. In both groups, the total time required to perform the Bolton analysis and space analysis was recorded, and the results were compared. Results There was no statistically significant difference found between the two groups in terms of the measurement values. The total time to perform all the analyses was determined to be shorter with digital models compared to conventional plaster models (p<0.001). Conclusion The Bolton analysis and space analysis measurements carried out on 3D models did not show any statistically significant difference compared to plaster models. The time taken to perform the analyses was shorter using digital models than for conventional plaster models.
EGFR Signaling Causes Morphine Tolerance and Mechanical Sensitization in Rats

The safety and efficacy of opioids are compromised as analgesic tolerance develops. Opioids are also ineffective against neuropathic pain. Recent reports have suggested that inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), may have analgesic effects in cancer patients suffering from neuropathic pain. It has been shown that the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β), an RTK that has been shown to interact with the EGFR, mediates opioid tolerance but does not induce analgesia. Therefore, we sought to determine whether EGFR signaling was involved in opioid tolerance and whether EGFR and PDGFR signaling could induce pain in rats. We found that gefitinib, an EGFR antagonist, eliminated morphine tolerance. In addition, repeated EGF administration rendered animals unresponsive to subsequent analgesic doses of morphine, a phenomenon we call “pre-tolerance. ” Using a nerve injury model, we found that gefitinib alone was not analgesic. Rather, it reversed insensitivity to morphine analgesia (pre-tolerance) caused by the release of EGF by injured nerves. We also showed that repeated, but not acute EGF or PDGF-BB administration induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats. EGFR and PDGFR-β signaling interacted to produce this sensitization. EGFR was widely expressed in primary sensory afferent cell bodies, demonstrating a neuroanatomical substrate for our findings. Taken together, our results suggest a direct mechanistic link between opioid tolerance and mechanical sensitization. EGFR antagonism could eventually play an important clinical role in the treatment of opioid tolerance and neuropathic pain that is refractory to opioid treatment.
Past, current, and future willingness to engage with treatment targets: Applying user-centered design to inform the design of a mobile behavioral intervention.

OBJECTIVE User-centered design can improve engagement with and the potential efficacy of behavioral interventions, but is underutilized in health care. This work demonstrates how design methodologies can inform the design of a mobile behavioral intervention for binge eating and obesity. METHOD A needs assessment was conducted with end-users (N = 22 adults with obesity and recurrent binge eating [≥12 episodes in 3 months] who were interested in losing weight and addressing binge eating), which included assessing participants' past/current and future willingness to engage with 20 treatment targets for managing binge eating and weight. Targets focused on improving dietary intake, increasing physical activity, and reducing overvaluation of weight and/or shape, unhealthy weight control practices, and negative affect. RESULTS Participants' past and current use of targets varied. For all targets except those addressing unhealthy weight control practices, on average, participants had increasing levels of willingness to try targets. Among participants not currently using a target, at least some were willing to use every target again. DISCUSSION Findings inform ways to personalize how users begin treatment. Furthermore, this study exemplifies how user-centered design can inform ways to ensure that digital interventions are designed to meet end-users' needs to improve engagement and clinical impact.
Defining trauma‐induced coagulopathy with respect to future implications for patient management: Communication from the SSC of the ISTH

Hunter B. Moore1 | Satoshi Gando2,3 | Toshiaki Iba4 | Paul Y. Kim5,6 | Calvin H. Yeh7 | Karim Brohi8,9 | Beverley J. Hunt10 | Jerrold H. Levy11 | Dominik F. Draxler12 | Simon Stanworth13,14,15 | Klaus Görlinger16,17 | Matthew D. Neal18 | Martin A. Schreiber19 | Christopher D. Barrett20,21 | Robert L. Medcalf12 | Ernest E. Moore22 | Nicola J. Mutch23 | Jecko Thachil24 | Tetsumei Urano25 | Scott Thomas26 | Ecaterina Scărlătescu27 | Mark Walsh26,28,29 | for the Subcommittees on Fibrinolysis, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, and Perioperative and Critical Care Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review

Rapid diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics are important interventions for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. It is timely to systematically review the potential of these interventions, including those for Middle East respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV, to guide policymakers globally on their prioritization of resources for research and development. A systematic search was carried out in three major electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) to identify published studies in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Supplementary strategies through Google Search and personal communications were used. A total of 27 studies fulfilled the criteria for review. Several laboratory protocols for confirmation of suspected 2019-nCoV cases using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been published. A commercial RT-PCR kit developed by the Beijing Genomic Institute is currently widely used in China and likely in Asia. However, serological assays as well as point-of-care testing kits have not been developed but are likely in the near future. Several vaccine candidates are in the pipeline. The likely earliest Phase 1 vaccine trial is a synthetic DNA-based candidate. A number of novel compounds as well as therapeutics licensed for other conditions appear to have in vitro efficacy against the 2019-nCoV. Some are being tested in clinical trials against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, while others have been listed for clinical trials against 2019-nCoV. However, there are currently no effective specific antivirals or drug combinations supported by high-level evidence.
Untargetted Metabolomic Exploration of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Stress Response to Cinnamon Essential Oil

The antimycobacterial activity of cinnamaldehyde has already been proven for laboratory strains and for clinical isolates. What is more, cinnamaldehyde was shown to threaten the mycobacterial plasma membrane integrity and to activate the stress response system. Following promising applications of metabolomics in drug discovery and development we aimed to explore the mycobacteria response to cinnamaldehyde within cinnamon essential oil treatment by untargeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The use of predictive metabolite pathway analysis and description of produced lipids enabled the evaluation of the stress symptoms shown by bacteria. This study suggests that bacteria exposed to cinnamaldehyde could reorganize their outer membrane as a physical barrier against stress factors. They probably lowered cell wall permeability and inner membrane fluidity, and possibly redirected carbon flow to store energy in triacylglycerols. Being a reactive compound, cinnamaldehyde may also contribute to disturbances in bacteria redox homeostasis and detoxification mechanisms.
Acid Ceramidase Depletion Impairs Neuronal Survival and Induces Morphological Defects in Neurites Associated with Altered Gene Transcription and Sphingolipid Content

The ASAH1 gene encodes acid ceramidase (AC), an enzyme that is implicated in the metabolism of ceramide (Cer). Mutations in the ASAH1 gene cause two different disorders, Farber disease (FD), a rare lysosomal storage disorder, and a rare form of spinal muscular atrophy combined with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME). In the absence of human in vitro neuronal disease models and to gain mechanistic insights into pathological effects of ASAH1 deficiency, we established and characterized a stable ASAH1 knockdown (ASAH1KD) SH-SY5Y cell line. ASAH1KD cells displayed reduced proliferation due to elevated apoptosis and G1/S cell cycle arrest. Distribution of LAMP1-positive lysosomes towards the cell periphery and significantly shortened and less branched neurites upon differentiation, implicate AC for lysosome positioning and neuronal development, respectively. Lipidomic analysis revealed changes in the intracellular levels of distinct sphingolipid species, importantly without Cer accumulation, in line with altered gene transcription within the sphingolipid pathway. Additionally, the transcript levels for Rho GTPases (RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42), which are key regulators of axonal orientation, neurite branching and lysosome positioning were found to be dysregulated. This study shows the critical role of AC in neurons and suggests how AC depletion leads to defects seen in neuropathology of SMA-PME and FD.
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict coronary heart disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in northern China

We developed and validated a nomogram to predict coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in northern China. We analyzed a cohort of RA patients admitted to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from 2011 to 2017. To select a high-performance model for clinical data prediction, we evaluated the F1-scores of six machine learning models. Based on the results, we selected multivariable logistic regression analysis for the development of a prediction model. We then generated an individualized prediction nomogram that included age, sex, hypertension, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody positivity, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels. The prediction model exhibited better discrimination than the Framingham Risk Score in predicting CHD in RA patients. The area under the curve of the prediction model was 0.77, with a sensitivity of 63.9% and a specificity of 77.2%. The nomogram exhibited good calibration and clinical usefulness. In conclusion, our prediction model was more accurate than the Framingham Risk Score in predicting CHD in RA patients. Our nomogram combining various risk factors can be used for the individualized preoperative prediction of CHD in patients with RA.
Influence of Hemodialysis Catheter Insertion on the Hemodynamics in the Central Veins.

AIMS Central venous catheter (CVC) related thrombosis is a major cause of CVC dysfunction in patients under hemodialysis. Our study aims to investigate the influence of central venous catheter (CVC) insertion on the hemodynamic environment in the central veins and to see what hemodynamics changes due to the implantation of CVC might be related to thrombus formation. METHODS Patient-specific models of the central veins before and after the insertion of CVC were rebuilt on the basis of computed tomography. Flow patterns in the vein were numerically simulated to obtain hemodynamic parameters including time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), relative residence time (RRT),oscillating shear index (OSI) and normalized transWSS under pulsatile flow condition. RESULTS The placement of CVC makes significant changes on the hemodynamic environment in the central veins. A great disturbance and increase of velocity can be observed in central veins after the insertion of CVC. As a result, TAWSS and transWSS were markedly increased, but most parts of OSI and RRT decreased. Comparing with the clinical data, it's revealed that thrombosis mainly occurred at sections with elevated normalized transWSS. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that the flow disturbance especially the flow multi-directionality induced by the CVC might be the decisive factor to initiate thrombosis after CVC implantation. Accordingly, approaches to reduce the flow disturbance in the CVC placement might help to restrain the thrombosis. More case study with pre-operative and post-operative modeling and clinical follow-up should be carried out to verify these findings.
Enhanced CXCR4 Expression Associates with Increased Gene Body 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Modification but not Decreased Promoter Methylation in Colorectal Cancer

In colorectal cancer (CRC), upregulation of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis, highlighting the need to further elucidate CXCR4’s regulation in CRC. For the first time, DNA methylation and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine aberrations were investigated to better understand the epigenetic regulation of CXCR4 in CRC. CXCR4 expression levels were measured using qPCR and immunoblotting in normal colon tissues, primary colon cancer tissues and CRC cell lines. Publicly available RNA-seq and methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were extracted from tumors from CRC patients. The DNA methylation status spanning CXCR4 gene was evaluated using combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA). The methylation status in the CXCR4 gene body was analyzed using previously performed nano-hmC-seal data from colon cancers and adjacent normal colonic mucosa. CXCR4 expression levels were significantly increased in tumor stromal cells and in tumor colonocytes, compared to matched cell types from adjacent normal-appearing mucosa. CXCR4 promoter methylation was detected in a minority of colorectal tumors in the TCGA. The CpG island of the CXCR4 promoter showed increased methylation in three of four CRC cell lines. CXCR4 protein expression differences were also notable between microsatellite stable (MSS) and microsatellite instable (MSI) tumor cell lines. While differential methylation was not detected in CXCR4, enrichment of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in CXCR4 gene bodies in CRC was observed compared to adjacent mucosa.
Caring for people with serious injuries in urban and regional communities: a qualitative investigation of healthcare providers’ perceptions

Abstract Purpose To understand the factors that affect the management of people after serious injury in urban and regional settings, beyond hospital discharge from the perspectives of allied health professionals (AHPs). Materials and methods An exploratory qualitative study of AHPs caring for people with serious injuries post-hospital discharge in urban and regional areas of Victoria, Australia was completed. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were undertaken with AHPs and thematically analysed. Results Allied health professionals in urban and regional settings reported the benefits of a multi-disciplinary team to deliver high-quality care. However, a number of barriers to service delivery were identified that impacted on their ability to meet the needs of patients. These included insufficient psychological services, a shortage of available carers and an unmet need for external clinical support in regional areas. Communication between AHPs and other services, and care co-ordination of post-discharge services, was also highlighted as key areas to improve for optimal patient care. Conclusions Factors that influenced optimal patient management included the availability of psychological and carer services, communication between health professionals and coordination of post-discharge care. The experiences of AHPs can offer practical suggestions to optimise service delivery and post-discharge care for people with serious injuries. Implications for Rehabilitation Allied health professionals (AHPs) face a number of challenges in the provision of optimal care to people with serious injuries. Improving the availability of psychological support and attendant carers is needed in regional areas. A designated care coordinator role may assist people with serious injuries transitioning between hospital and home to engage with necessary services and reduce administrative burden for AHPs. Telehealth may provide facilitate improved communication between health professionals and support regional clinicians caring for people with complex injuries.
The Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Interpersonal Problems: A Meta-analytic Review.

Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) have been hypothesised to be associated with interpersonal problems. Furthermore, a stronger contention is that EMSs impact negatively on, or cause, interpersonal problems. The aims of this meta-analysis were: (1) to assess the strength of the association between EMSs and interpersonal problems, (2) clarify which EMSs are most strongly associated with interpersonal problems, (3) examine any possible moderators on the relationship between EMSs and interpersonal problems, (4) examine whether any empirical evidence exists supporting a causal relationship between EMSs and interpersonal problems. A comprehensive systematic literature search and meta-analysis were conducted using the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. A total of 49 empirical studies were reviewed investigating EMSs and interpersonal problems. EMSs were found to have a moderate positive association with interpersonal problems with different EMSs having small to moderate effect sizes. To date there has been limited evidence supporting a causal effect of EMSs on interpersonal problems. Possible limitations and avenues for future research were discussed.
Effects of Preconception Care and Periconception Interventions on Maternal Nutritional Status and Birth Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Pregnancy in adolescence and malnutrition are common challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and are associated with many complications and comorbidities. The preconception period is an ideal period for intervention as a preventative tactic for teenage pregnancy, and to increase micronutrient supplementation prior to conception. Over twenty databases and websites were searched and 45 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-experimental interventions with intent to delay the age at first pregnancy (n = 26), to optimize inter-pregnancy intervals (n = 4), and supplementation of folic acid (n = 5) or a combination of iron and folic acid (n = 10) during the periconception period were included. The review found that educational interventions to delay the age at first pregnancy and optimizing inter-pregnancy intervals significantly improved the uptake of contraception use (RR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.42–2.05; two studies, n = 911; I2 = 0%) and (RR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.29–3.93; one study, n = 338), respectively. For periconceptional folic acid supplementation, the incidence of neural tube defects were reduced (RR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.41–0.77; two studies, n = 248,056; I2 = 0%), and iron-folic acid supplementation improved the rates of anemia (RR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.53–0.81; six studies; n = 3430, I2 = 88%), particularly when supplemented weekly and in a school setting. Notwithstanding the findings, more robust RCTs are required from LMICs to further support the evidence.
A novel NGS library preparation method to characterize native termini of fragmented DNA

Abstract Biological and chemical DNA fragmentation generates DNA molecules with a variety of termini, including blunt ends and single-stranded overhangs. We have developed a Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) assay, XACTLY, to interrogate the termini of fragmented DNA, information traditionally lost in standard NGS library preparation methods. Here we describe the XACTLY method, showcase its sensitivity and specificity, and demonstrate its utility in in vitro experiments. The XACTLY assay is able to report relative abundances of all lengths and types (5′ and 3′) of single-stranded overhangs, if present, on each DNA fragment with an overall accuracy between 80–90%. In addition, XACTLY retains the sequence of each native DNA molecule after fragmentation and can capture the genomic landscape of cleavage events at single nucleotide resolution. The XACTLY assay can be applied as a novel research and discovery tool for fragmentation analyses and in cell-free DNA.
Structural Damage Localization and Quantification Based on a CEEMDAN Hilbert Transform Neural Network Approach: A Model Steel Truss Bridge Case Study

Vibrations of complex structures such as bridges mostly present nonlinear and non-stationary behaviors. Recently, one of the most common techniques to analyze the nonlinear and non-stationary structural response is Hilbert–Huang Transform (HHT). This paper aims to evaluate the performance of HHT based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) technique using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a proposed damage detection methodology. The performance of the proposed method is investigated for damage detection of a scaled steel-truss bridge model which was experimentally established as the case study subjected to white noise excitations. To this end, four key features of the intrinsic mode function (IMF), including energy, instantaneous amplitude (IA), unwrapped phase, and instantaneous frequency (IF), are extracted to assess the presence, severity, and location of the damage. By analyzing the experimental results through different damage indices defined based on the extracted features, the capabilities of the CEEMDAN-HT-ANN model in detecting, addressing the location and classifying the severity of damage are efficiently concluded. In addition, the energy-based damage index demonstrates a more effective approach in detecting the damage compared to those based on IA and unwrapped phase parameters.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Place Attachment for Community-Dwelling Older Adults Scale

This study developed the Place Attachment for Community-Dwelling Older Adults (PACOA) scale and evaluated its psychometric properties. The PACOA was developed through a qualitative study and expert panels. A pilot study confirmed the 19-item PACOA which included five factors (meaning of life, dependency, feeling “in place,” continuity, and social inclusion) were extracted. This model explained 60.803% of the variance. Cronbach’s α of the PACOA and its subscales were . 853 and . 670 to . 863, respectively, whereas the correlations between the PACOA and its subscales were . 580 to . 725 (p < .01). The criterion validity and test–retest reliability were . 678 (p < .01) and r = . 654 (p < .01). Our findings suggest that the PACOA is an indicator of the emotional connection between older adults and their places of residence. Future studies should address the older adult–place fit, the future connection characteristics, and the influence of place attachment on older adults’ healthy lifestyle behaviors.