Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional surface displacements and rotations from differencing pre‐ and post‐earthquake LiDAR point clouds

The recent explosion in sub‐meter resolution airborne LiDAR data raises the possibility of mapping detailed changes to Earth's topography. We present a new method that determines three‐dimensional (3‐D) coseismic surface displacements and rotations from differencing pre‐ and post‐earthquake airborne LiDAR point clouds using the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. Tested on simulated earthquake displacements added to real LiDAR data along the San Andreas Fault, the method reproduces the input deformation for a grid size of ∼50 m with horizontal and vertical accuracies of ∼20 cm and ∼4 cm, values that mimic errors in the original spot height measurements. The technique also measures rotations directly, resolving the detailed kinematics of distributed zones of faulting where block rotations are common. By capturing near‐fault deformation in 3‐D, the method offers new constraints on shallow fault slip and rupture zone deformation, in turn aiding research into fault zone rheology and long‐term earthquake repeatability.
A weekly, near real-time dataset of the probability of large wildfire across western US forests and woodlands

Abstract. There is broad consensus that wildfire activity is likely to increase in western US forests and woodlands over the next century. Therefore, spatial predictions of the potential for large wildfires have immediate and growing relevance to near- and long-term research, planning, and management objectives. Fuels, climate, weather, and the landscape all exert controls on wildfire occurrence and spread, but the dynamics of these controls vary from daily to decadal timescales. Accurate spatial predictions of large wildfires should therefore strive to integrate across these variables and timescales. Here, we describe a high spatial resolution dataset (250-m pixel) of the probability of large wildfire (> 405 ha) across all western US forests and woodlands, from 2005 to the present. The dataset is automatically updated on a weekly basis and in near real-time (i.e., up to the present week) using Google Earth Engine and a "Continuous Integration" pipeline. Each image in the dataset is the output of a machine-learning algorithm, trained on 10 independent, random samples of historic small and large wildfires, and represents the predicted probability of an individual pixel burning in a large fire. This novel workflow is able to integrate the short-term dynamics of fuels and weather into weekly predictions, while also integrating longer-term dynamics of fuels, climate, and the landscape. As a near real-time product, the dataset can provide operational fire managers with immediate, on-the-ground information to closely monitor changing potential for large wildfire occurrence and spread. It can also serve as a foundational dataset for longer-term planning and research, such as strategic targeting of fuels management, fire-smart development at the wildland urban interface, and analysis of trends in wildfire potential over time. Weekly large fire probability GeoTiff products from 2005 through 2017 are archived on Figshare online digital repository with the DOI 10.6084/m9.figshare. 5765967 (available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5765967.v1 ). Near real-time weekly GeoTiff products and the entire dataset from 2005 on are also continuously uploaded to a Google Cloud Storage bucket at https://console.cloud. google.com/storage/wffr-preds/V1 , and also available free of charge with a Google account. Near real-time products and the long-term archive are also available to registered Google Earth Engine (GEE) users as public GEE assets, and can be accessed with the image collection ID "users/mgray/wffr-preds" within GEE.
Chapter-V Efficiency and Productivity Analysis of General Insurance Industry in India

The reforms in the Indian insurance sector has opened new vistas in the insurance industry and has generated intensely competitive environment. The insurance companies have to ensure quality products at competitive price. The detarrification of general insurance industry has led to more competition based on cost leadership. All these changes compel less efficient firms to either raise their level of efficiency or to exit the sector completely. It also increases the industry level efficiency which can improve if inefficient firms either catch up with their efficient rivals or the most efficient firm through technological improvement continues to lead efficiency gains. Thus, general insurance companies in India now potentially compete in the market. The reform in insurance sector is expected to put heavy pressure on firms to increase efficiency of operations in order to survive the expected competition (Rai, 1996). It is not surprising, therefore, that there is a growing interest and concern about the efficiency analysis of General Insurance companies operating in India. So, in this chapter, an attempt has been made to assess the efficiency of the public and private sector General Insurance companies in India. In the pre-reform period, competition in the General Insurance business was limited only to the four public sector General Insurance companies, but in the post-reform period, the entry of a good number of private sector general insurers, however, made the market fiercely competitive. 5.1 Concept of Efficiency The concept of efficiency concerns an insurer's ability to produce a given set of outputs via the use of inputs. An insurer is said to be technically efficient if it cannot reduce its resource usage without some corresponding reduction in outputs, given the current state of production technology in the industry (Diacon et al., 2002). In efficiency analysis, the production function is interpreted not only as a relationship between inputs and outputs, but also as
Enterprise Modeling in Conceptual Graphs Logic

This paper shows how to apply conceptual graphs logic to information systems modeling. The graphs are not used just as another graphical representation of information system requirements but the full power of this graphical logic system has been employed to fully and precisely capture type definitions, referential integrity constraints and global constraints. Such a logic based definition of an information system takes its semantics from a set of facts represented by fully instantiated simple conceptual graphs. An incremental validity checking procedure has been defined and illustrated by an example. Introduction 1 Referent Notation in Conceptual Graphs 2 IS Modeling in Logic 4 Semantics of System Definition 5 Evaluating denotations. 7 Enforcing Typing 8 Referential Integrity Checking 10 Global Constraints Checking 12 Conclusion 13 References 13
Lesbians, Gays and Bisexuals in Croatia: How the Stigma Shapes Lives?

The goal of this paper was to examine to what extent can Goffman's concepts of stigma and methods of stigma management (Goffman 1963) be applied to sexual minorities, and to what extent are lesbians, gays and bisexual persons in Croatia stigmatized and how they manage stigma in their everyday lives. The survey was conducted at the end of 2005. Participants in this study were 202 lesbian, gay and bisexual persons from three Croatian cities: Zagreb, Rijeka and Osijek aging from 15 to 60 years. Information gathered dealt with participants' self-perception of visibility as homosexuals or bisexuals, the strategies of managing information about their sexual orientation, and about violence that LGB people face because of their sexual orientation. Results have shown that Goffman’ s concept of stigma and stigma management can be applied to the LGB community in Croatia even some forty years after the model of stigma management was formulated. Respondents - members of the LGB community are aware that they could become victims of discrimination or violence. A significant number of them avoided talking about their private life or did not kiss or hold hands with their same-sex partners in public because of concerns that they could experience unease, discrimination or violence due to an open manifestation of their sexual orientation. Also, over 50% of the respondents experienced some type of violence due to their sexual orientation. It was concluded that damaging consequences of the stigmatization of sexual minorities are present in Croatian society.
Investigating the Purification of Contaminated Water Supplies by Heavy Metals Such as Cupper and Cadmium Using Diatom Algae

Using copper and cadmium decontaminating plants has been one of the most important ways in purification of water supplies in recent years. The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using monocellular diatom alga (Nitzchia) to decontaminate water from copper and cadmium heavy metals. So far, the researchers used four different copper and cadmium heavy metal consistencies of 0.5, 2, 8 and 16 ppm to treat alga. Together with investigating the concentration of the metals absorbed by alga after 14 days of incubation, its growth, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, soluble sugars, and superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes were also studied. The results then proved a high potential for algae to decontaminate water from Cu and Cd, while the top decontamination rate was found at the highest primary concentration (16 ppm). And also at all treatments, except 0.5ppm and 2 ppm, a descending order in copper growth was apparent, while for chlorophyll a, although it increased in all copper treatments, it had a descending order in all cadmium treatments. The concentration of the carotenoids was highly irregular, although the highest amount was at 8 ppm. A growth was also apparent in reductant glucose measures and the activity of catalase and super oxide dismutase enzymes.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE GAME PERFORMANCE EVALUATION TOOL (GPET) IN SOCCER INTRODUCTION Games performance assessment, which is understood as the combination of the decision-making

Games performance assessment, which is understood as the combination of the decision-making component and the skill-execution component, is one of the most common areas of research in the gamesteaching literature in Physical Education and Sports. This is mainly due to the need to ascertain three questions: a) the degree of learning of sportspersons; b) how do students and players learn to play games; and c) as a means of assessing skills and tactical understanding within the context of the game, rather than assessing skills outside the game, in isolation, a point which it is made below. In response to these needs, researchers have designed different game performance evaluation tools, developing and adapting them to the various requirements generated by the objectives of the studies they have carried out. There has been a gradual development away from measuring technical skills (passing, dribbling), performed in isolation, to an approach centred on the ability of sportspersons to resolve problems in real game play or game play situations. In this study an instrument that aims to improve the quality of the assessment of sportspersons in relation to invasion sports and from a situated view will be presented and explained at a later stage.
Title Emotion and false memory : How goal-irrelevance can be relevant for what people remember Permalink

Elaborating on misleading information concerning emotional events can lead people to form false memories. The present experiment compared participants’ susceptibility to false memories when they elaborated on information associated with positive versus negative emotion and pregoal versus postgoal emotion. Pregoal emotion reflects appraisals that goal attainment or failure is anticipated but has not yet occurred (e.g., hope and fear). Postgoal emotion reflects appraisals that goal attainment or failure has already occurred (e.g., happiness and devastation). Participants watched a slideshow depicting an interaction between a couple and were asked to empathise with the protagonist’s feelings of hope (positive pregoal), happiness (positive postgoal), fear (negative pregoal), or devastation (negative postgoal); in control conditions, no emotion was mentioned. Participants were then asked to reflect on details of the interaction that had occurred (true) or had not occurred (false), and that were relevant or irrelevant to the protagonist’s goal. Irrespective of emotional valence, participants in the pregoal conditions were more susceptible to false memories concerning goal-irrelevant details than were participants in the other conditions. These findings support the view that pregoal emotions narrow attention to information relevant to goal pursuit, increasing susceptibility to false memories for irrelevant information. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 6 September 2015 Accepted 27 January 2016
Numerical Study on Influence of Canard on Static Aeroelastic Characteristics of Forward-Swept Wing

The research on configuration of canard with forward-swept wing is of great significance in modern fighters’ design. According to the influence of canard on static aeroelasticity of forward-swept wing, the longitudinal aerodynamic and elastic characteristics of canard with forward-swept wing configuration was calculated based on computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics (CFD/CSD) numerical method, then compared with forward-swept wing configuration. It’s resulted that is the critical value, below which the down-wash flow of canard is bad for wing or else good by vortex of canard controlling the separation of wing. The bending and torsion deformation of forward-swept wing is suppressed under the influence of the canard at middle angle of attack, which benefits for improving static aeroelastic stability. The conclusion also can provide references for the design of fighters with forward-swept configuration.
Influence of Impurities on the Radiation Response of the TlBr Semiconductor Crystal

Two commercially available TlBr salts were used as the raw material for crystal growths to be used as radiation detectors. Previously, TlBr salts were purified once, twice, and three times by the repeated Bridgman method. The purification efficiency was evaluated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), after each purification process. A compartmental model was proposed to fit the impurity concentration as a function of the repetition number of the Bridgman growths, as well as determine the segregation coefficients of impurities in the crystals. The crystalline structure, the stoichiometry, and the surface morphology of the crystals were evaluated, systematically, for the crystals grown with different purification numbers. To evaluate the crystal as a radiation semiconductor detector, measurements of its resistivity and gamma-ray spectroscopy were carried out, using 241Am and 133Ba sources. A significant improvement of the radiation response was observed in function of the crystal purity.
Effect of harvest at different times of day on the physical and chemical characteristics of vegetable-type soybean

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of harvest at different times of day on the chemical and physical characteristics of vegetable-type soybean BRS 267 cultivar, harvested at the R6 stage (seed development) and to compare it with that on the grains harvested at the R8 stage (maturation). The pods of the BRS 267 cultivar were harvested at the R6 stage (at 8:00 AM, 12:00 AM, and 6:00 PM), the color parameters were evaluated, and the grains were analyzed for chemical composition, activity inhibitor trypsin, phytic acid content, starch, sugars, fatty acids, and isoflavones. No differences were observed among the different harvest times in terms of the chemical constituents of vegetable-type soybean BRS 267 cultivar harvested at the R6 stage. Isoflavones content did not change with different harvest times, and the aglycone forms (daidzein, glycitein, and genistein) were found in smaller quantities at the R6 stage compared to the R8 stage. The color of the pods of soybean BRS 267 cultivar, harvested at the R6 stage did not change with different harvest times. The grains harvested at the R6 stage had lower protein content, phytic acid, and sucrose and higher levels of lipids, carbohydrates, starch, glucose, fructose, stachyose, and linolenic acids than those collected at the R8 stage. The different times of harvest did not affect the quality of the vegetable-type soybean BRS 267 cultivar harvested at stage R6. Nevertheless, it is recommended to harvest in the morning, when the temperature is milder, like other
Intermediary cooperative associations and the institutionalization of participate work practices: A

Scandinavian countries are known for having a high adoption of cooperative models of work design. This article investigates the role of parity labour market associations, termed intermediary cooperative associations , in the dissemination of these models. Findings are based on an examination of the Centre for the Development of Human Resources and Quality Management (SCKK), a social partnership-based organization that funds workplace development projects at state workplaces, and of nine participative development projects that received financial and logistical support from the SCKK. These projects increased union and management commitment to partnership-based approaches to problem-solving, despite their ambiguous results for both groups. This suggests that intermediary cooperative associations help to enhance the normative legitimacy of participative work practices through the provision of resources and ‘best practice’ management approaches.
Toxic Effects of Acute Exposure of Diazinon in turbot (Psetta maxima) Early Life Stage (ELS)

In the present study, the toxic effects on the embryos and larvae of the turbot were used as a model to investigate the diazinon, which contaminates aquatic ecosystems. The number of dead embryos significantly increased in response to diazinon concentrations 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 7.4 mg/L. The 48h LC50 value of diazinon for turbot embryos was estimated at 1.85 mg/L. Dose–response decreases in hatching success were recorded as 97, 92.4, 80.3, 60.3, 38.7 and 27.1%, respectively. The number of dead larvae significantly increased with increasing diazinon concentrations exposed for 24–96 h (p < 0.05). The 24, 48, 72 and 96h LC50 values of diazinon for turbot larvae were estimated at 4.8 (6.4-5.12), 3.3 (4.73-2.52), 2.1 (3.29- 1.65) and 1.23 (0.87–2.38) mg/L, respectively. There were significant differences in the LC50 values obtained at different exposure times (p
Factors Influencing Post-Operative Pain Management Among Neonates at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya

Background: Neonatal post-operative pain management poses a unique challenge particularly with regard to assessing and treating the pain. In spite of the existence of empirical evidence on safety and effectiveness of neonatal postoperative pain management strategies, little is known about postoperative pain assessment and management practices in neonatal units in Kenya. In the Newborn Unit (NBU) at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH), neonatal assessment and treatment of neonatal postoperative pain is influenced by the knowledge base and personal decision of the health care provider. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine factors influencing postoperative pain management practices among neonates at MTRH, in Kenya in order to inform policy. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study design. The study was done at the newborn unit at MTRH, Eldoret. A semi –structured questionnaire and observation check-list was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 program and presented in tables, graphs, frequencies and content analysis. Statistical techniques including logistic regression and correlation statistical procedures were employed in analysis. Results: Data from 45 health care providers were collected. The mean years of practice were 9 years, while the mean score for the assessment was 3.7. There was a negative correlation (r = - 0.058) between professional years of practice and assessment scores though it was not significant 0.703. There was a positive correlation between the intervention scores and professional years of practice (r = 0.028, p > 0.05) hence not significant. There was a positive correlation between the intervention scores and assessment scores (r = 0.546) and it was statistically significant p < 0.001. The mean score between doctors and the nurses differed and was slightly higher on assessment as compared to intervention. All health care providers cited that there were no written guidelines and pain assessment scale for use at NBU. Majority of the doctors and nurses had adequate knowledge on assessment of postoperative pain in neonates and the subsequent intervention to alleviate pain although none of them had attended any course on the same. Conclusion and Recommendations: From the study, there was lack of provision of objective tools to assess neonatal pain. Postoperative pain management was influenced by the knowledge base and personal decision of the health care provider. The study recommends the need for evidence-based guidelines for postoperative pain management at the newborn unit of MTRH. In addition, there is need for Continuing Professional Development for professional staff working at the newborn unit on the systematic assessment and management of postoperative pain in neonates.
Mechanochemical synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity of CdS/TiO2 composites in air purification

Two samples of CdS/TiO2 composites have been prepared by single-step solid-state mechanochemical route. Sample 1 was prepared in a ball mill by mixing commercial TiO2 Degussa P25 with CdS mechanochemically synthesized in advance (cubic hawleyite phase). Sample 2 has been obtained by the mechanochemical synthesis from cadmium acetate and sodium sulphide in the presence of TiO2 Degussa P25. Characterization of the synthesized composite materials by means of XRD, DRS, PL, SEM, and EDX showed that the CdS particles were attached to titania. XRD analysis proved that the rutile TiO2 phase is prevailing in Sample 1, unlike the case of Sample 2, which contained mainly anatase TiO2 phase. UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was applied in order to evaluate the band gaps of the synthesized samples. Obtained values of the band gap for the composite CdS/TiO2 samples are lying below the band gap value interval of pure anatase TiO2 phase (3.2 eV) and that of pure CdS (2.42 eV) enabling visible light illumination. The photocatalytic oxidation of ethylene (model air contaminant) was studied both under the effect of UVand under visible light irradiation. It was established that the mechanochemically synthesized CdS/TiO2 shows a higher photocatalytic activity in the oxidation of ethylene under visible light irradiation in comparison with pure titania due to the effect of the CdS component.