Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational sprinting: exceeding sustainable power in thermally constrained systems

Although process technology trends predict that transistor sizes will continue to shrink for a few more generations, voltage scaling has stalled and thus future chips are projected to be increasingly more power hungry than previous generations. Particularly in mobile devices which are severely cooling constrained, it is estimated that the peak operation of a future chip could generate heat ten times faster than than the device can sustainably vent. However, many mobile applications do not demand sustained performance; rather they comprise short bursts of computation in response to sporadic user activity. To improve responsiveness for such applications, this dissertation proposes computational sprinting, in which a system greatly exceeds sustainable power margins (by up to 10×) to provide up to a few seconds of high-performance computation when a user interacts with the device. Computational sprinting exploits the material property of thermal capacitance to temporarily store the excess heat generated when sprinting. After sprinting, the chip returns to sustainable power levels and dissipates the stored heat when the system is idle. This dissertation: (i) broadly analyzes thermal, electrical, hardware, and software considerations to analyze the feasibility of engineering a system which can provide the responsiveness of a plat- form with 10× higher sustainable power within today's cooling constraints, (ii) leverages existing sources of thermal capacitance to demonstrate sprinting on a real system today, and (iii) identifies the energy-performance characteristics of sprinting operation to determine runtime sprint pacing policies.
A Wideband Double Inverted L-shaped Slots Antenna and Its MIMO Application

A wideband four-element multiple–input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed in this letter. The antenna element consists of double inverted L-shaped slots and is fed by a cross-shaped microstrip. It operates in wide frequency range of 2.31-7.95 GHz (impedance bandwidth = 110%). The element is then applied in an MIMO system. Four elements are placed in an FR4 substrate based on polarization diversity. Results show that the MIMO antenna has a minimum isolation of 17.5 dB across the frequency band. Furthermore, envelope correlation coefficients (ECCs) obtained from far-field patterns are below 0.2, which confirms satisfactory MIMO/diversity performance.
A Low-Power DC-DC Converter with Digital Spread Spectrum for Reduced EMI

This paper presents a 1.8 V step-down DC-DC converter prototype with a hybrid delay-line based digital pulse-width modulator. A spread spectrum clock generation scheme is demonstrated for reducing EMI. The switching frequency of the buck converter prototype is automatically varied from 1.74 MHz to 2.84 MHz in 128 steps using a pseudo-random 512 cycle pattern, resulting in a 23 dB reduction in the conducted EMI peak. The digital pseudo-random pattern is converted to an analog reference voltage using a low-cost one-bit delta-sigma DAC having an over-sampling rate of 4096. The DAC output modulates the reference voltage of an LDO that regulates the delay-line supply voltage. It is shown that the effective duty-cycle changes by only 0.27 % over the frequency range. With spread spectrum mode enabled, the inductor current ripple becomes time-dependent but the efficiency degrades by less than 0.1%. The proposed architecture can be applied to a wide variety of state-of-the-art digital controllers that rely on delay-line based pulse width modulators.
Design of representation systems for autonomous agents

This work proposes a design methodology for creating representation systems for robots that operate in dynamic, uncertain domains. In order to be efficient and effective in these domains, robot control must be achieved through a tight coupling of sensors and effectors and this constrains the design of representation. My methodology attempts to guide the designer in creating representations that are effective for robots using these control systems. The methodology assists the designer in analyzing the robot's task, capabilities and environment to answer the questions of what to represent, how to structure that representation and how to keep that representation consistent with a changing environment. The efficacy and validity of the methodology is documented through several agent designs that were successfully carried through to implementation. The key feature of these agents is the action-oriented portion of their architectures and the systems of representation they employ.
AN ADVANCED TUNING METHOD.

Abstract : Essentially all past techniques use a model composed of a first order lag plus dead time, the parameters being the gain, the time constant, and the transport lag or dead time. Another technique primarily intended for underdamped systems is based on a model composed of a second order system. If a second-order lag plus dead time model were used instead, an additional dynamic constant is included and the resulting representation of the real system should improve correspondingly. The objectives of this report are to present a complete tuning technique based on this type of model and to show how it is superior to other tuning techniques. (Author)
Frequency Stabilization for a 486nm Dye-ring Laser

For my thesis, I worked towards using two reference cavities to provide frequency stabilization to a 486nm dye-ring laser. After a doubling cavity doubles the frequency to 243nm, the laser beam is used to excite ground state hydrogen to the 2S state: the first step of an experiment to accurately measure the 2S-NS transitions of hydrogen and measure the Lamb shift and Rydberg's constant. Two stabilization cavities were used to prevent the frequency from drifting and to narrow the laser's line-width. I aligned the majority of the optics and coupling light into fiber-optic cables and Fabrey-Perot cavities. Coupling light into a high finesse Fabrey-Perot cavity requires matching the radius of curvature of constant phase of the laser with the geometry of the cavity. To do this, I first measured the physical properties of the laser beam and then numerical arrived at a solution using two lenses to match the conditions imposed by the cavity's geometry. I aligned the cavity and then observed a Pound-Drever-Hall error signal. This error signal will be fed back into the laser to stabilize the frequency. It is anticipated that when the electronics to utilize the error signals are completed, the laser frequency will be stabilized to a hundred hertz, an four order of magnitude improvement over the stability provided by the commericial laser.
Multi-stage Interconnection networks CLOS/BENES Parallel Routing Algorithms for circuit switching system

This article approaches the design of parallel routing Clos and Benes switching networks in Communication Technology. In communication, the transmission of data with less traffic and low latency are the biggest challenges. The conventional packet switching circuits takes the more power and high area to overcome this problem parallel routing algorithms are proposed. Clos and Benes networks are designed for the circuit switching systems where the switching configuration will be rearranged and it’s relatively low speed. Most of the existing parallel routing algorithms are not practical those are fail to interconnects the inputs with the matched outputs with less traffic. In this article, we designed Clos and Benes network. Clos and Benes networks are the Non-blocking switching Networks. Clos Switching network provides the better results like low area and less delay when compare with the Benes Switching Network. Clos and Benes non-blocking switching circuits are designed by Verilog HDL, Synthesized and simulated by XILINX 12.1 tool
Comparison of two cyclostationary detectors for radio frequency interference mitigation in radio astronomy

Radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation has become a significant issue for current and future radio telescopes. This paper presents a new scheme for removing radio frequency interference from astronomical data. It exploits a priori knowledge of the transmitters, namely, their cyclostationary statistical properties. Two real‐time cyclostationary detectors are proposed and compared. Results on both synthetic and real data demonstrate the efficiency of this concept.
A Precision-Positioning Method for a High-Acceleration Low-Load Mechanism Based on Optimal Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Inertial Energy

ABSTRACT High-speed and precision positioning are fundamental requirements for high-acceleration low-load mechanisms in integrated circuit (IC) packaging equipment. In this paper, we derive the transient nonlinear dynamicresponse equations of high-acceleration mechanisms, which reveal that stiffness, frequency, damping, and driving frequency are the primary factors. Therefore, we propose a new structural optimization and velocity-planning method for the precision positioning of a high-acceleration mechanism based on optimal spatial and temporal distribution of inertial energy. For structural optimization, we first reviewed the commonly flexible multibody dynamic optimization using equivalent static loads method (ESLM), and then we selected the modified ESLM for optimal spatial distribution of inertial energy; hence, not only the stiffness but also the inertia and frequency of the real modal shapes are considered. For velocity planning, we developed a new velocity-planning method based on nonlinear dynamic-response optimization with varying motion conditions. Our method was verified on a high-acceleration die bonder. The amplitude of residual vibration could be decreased by more than 20% via structural optimization and the positioning time could be reduced by more than 40% via asymmetric variable velocity planning. This method provides an effective theoretical support for the precision positioning of high-acceleration low-load mechanisms.
Design of detailed models for use in fast aeroelastic simulations of permanent-magnet direct-drive wind turbines

This thesis presents the design of two models for permanent-magnet direct-drive wind turbines. The models are of a 10 kW and a 5 MW wind turbine, which are representative of residential scale and commercial scale turbines respectively. The models include aerodynamic and mechanical simulations through the FAST software, as well as concurrent electrical simulations through the SimPowerSystems toolbox for MATLAB/Simulink. The aim is to provide wind turbine designers and researchers with a comprehensive simulation tool that they can use to design and test many different aspects of a wind turbine. The particular novelty of these models is their high level of detail in electromechanical simulations. For each model, a generator speed controller was designed in a reference frame attached to the generator’s rotor, and was executed with a 3-phase active rectifier using space-vector pulse-width modulation. Also for each model, active and reactive power controllers were designed in a reference frame synchronous with the grid, and were executed with a 3-phase inverter using space-vector pulse-width modulation. Additionally, a blade pitch controller was designed for the 5 MW model. Validation of the models was carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink environment with satisfactory results.
Circularly polarised square patch antenna with asymmetrical Y-shaped feed structure

A novel single-feed structure for circularly polarised square patch antennas is proposed and theoretically studied. The proposed antenna has a simple structure, consisting of a square radiating patch and an asymmetrical Y-shaped microstrip feed line. The two orthogonal modes with equal amplitude and ±90° out of phase are simultaneously excited by the suggested feed structure with two different branch lengths. It is shown that the proposed antenna has good circular polarisation characteristic.
A New Single-Phase PLL Structure Based on Second Order Generalized Integrator

Phase, amplitude and frequency of the utility voltage are critical information for the operation of the grid-connected inverter systems. In such applications, an accurate and fast detection of the phase angle, amplotude and frequency of the utility voltage is essential to assure the correct generation of the reference signals and to cope with the new upcoming standards. This paper presents a new phase-locked-loop (PLL) method for single-phase systems. The novelty consists in generating the orthogonal voltage system using a structure based on second order generalized integrator (SOGI). The proposed structure has the following advantages: — it has a simple implementation; — the generated orthogonal system is filtered without delay by the same structure due to its resonance at the fundamental frequency, — the proposed structure is not affected by the frequency changes. The solutions for the discrete implementation of the new proposed structure are also presented. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Recovering current density from data on electric potential

In this paper, an inverse problem for galvanic corrosion in two-dimensional Laplace’s equation was studied. The considered problem deals with experimental measurements on electric potential, where due to lack of data, numerical integration is impossible. The problem is reduced to the determination of unknown complex coefficients of approximating functions, which are related to the known potential and unknown current density. By employing continuity of those functions along subdomain interfaces and using condition equations for known data leads to over-determined system of linear algebraic equations which are subjected to experimental errors. Reconstruction of current density is unique. The reconstruction contains one free additive parameter which does not affect current density. The method is useful in situations where limited data on electric potential are provided.
Defining the constructs of a safety climate measurement tool to determine readiness for a behavioral approach to safety management.

Safety climate provides an indication of the perceptions of employees with regard to safety management in an organisation. Although there have been many studies on safety climate, a common platform to measure safety climate has not yet been agreed upon. This makes it difficult to compare climate performance across industries and organisations. This study endeavors to identify the common thread that flows through all safety climate studies through extensive literature review and develop safety climate measurement tool in the form a 65 question survey. The survey was validated using confirmatory factor analysis and expert review. The study further looks at the elements of safety climate that affect the behavioral safety management and determines how an organisation performs on those identified elements through descriptive statistic models.100 employees of a large petrochemical organisation based in South Africa participated in the survey. The results required that several of the questions in the survey be reevaluated and therefore the survey will need to be re tested. The results also demonstrated that the sample organisation had considered and implemented the elements of safety climate that are required for a behavioral safety program.
EMOTION ANALYSIS USING SELF-TRAINING ON MALAYSIAN CODE-MIXED TWITTER DATA

Microblogs such as Twitter has made available a vast resource of User Generated Content (UGC) on which emotion analysis may be performed. Organizations increasingly value the opinions obtained from emotion analysis. These insights help to drive decision-making activities and provide constructive inputs to engage their customers and services. In a multiracial country such as Malaysia, it is common to find that tweets are written in mixed languages of Malay, Malaysian slang and English. These tweets increase the complexity of the emotion analysis task, especially considering that there is a serious lack of labeled data available in order to make use of supervised learning techniques. This paper explores the use of self-training, a semi-supervised technique that only requires a small initial labeled dataset to conduct emotion analysis of Malaysian code-mixed Twitter data. The results are promising as the accuracy achieved is higher compared to the baseline models.
Assessing the dynamic variations of ecosystem service value in response to land use change and socio-economic development

This article establishes a dynamic evaluation model of ecosystem service value (ESV) by introducing the spatial heterogeneity coefficient and social development coefficient to assess the spatiotemporal dynamic variations of ESV. Taking Wuhan as a case study, the effects of land use change on the variations of ESV are analyzed, and the impacts of people’s willingness to pay for ecosystem services and socio-economic development on a time-series ESV are also explored. The results showed that: (1) Wuhan has a large-scale land use transfer, the accumulative land transfer area reached 599 km2. (2) The static ESV of Wuhan experienced a process of first rising and then falling, with the total ESV decreasing by 1.24 billion yuan from 2000 to 2015. (3) The dynamic ESV evaluation reversed the overall downward trend of static ESV and significantly increased after adjustment, which were 1.52 times, 1.51 times, 1.62 times and 2.06 times of static ESV for that year, respectively; (4) The ecosystem services of Wuhan bear great downward pressure, but people’s demand for ecosystem services is increasing and their willingness to pay for ecosystem services has been significantly improved. These findings can provide valuable support for decision-makers to identify the providers and beneficiaries of ecosystem services and formulate rational land use management policies.
New configuration of photoconductive‐type diamond detector head for X‐ray beam position monitors

We designed and fabricated new diamond detector head for an X‐ray beam position monitor (XBPM). This monitor operates in photoconductive mode, and is shaped into a blade in order to reduce heat load. A pair of aluminum electrodes is formed on both sides of the diamond blade. The profile of the detection efficiency inside the diamond detector head was measured. The signal current is generated only between the pair of electrodes. The bias voltage dependence of signal current along a section of the detector head is also measured. The results show that the detector head operates in photoconductive mode. We demonstrated that this detector head is feasible for the XBPM.
On the adoption of lean manufacturing principles in process industries

Traditionally, the lean paradigm has been applied to discrete manufacturing of items that can be easily put together and taken apart. The process industry, on the other hand, transforms raw materials into cohesive units that are basically blended into a final product with parts that cannot be disassembled and then reassembled. The current lean literature provides numerous commendable examples of theory and practices of lean principles in discrete manufacturing. However, its application in process industry is limited. Furthermore, there is no systematic accounting of the lean literature in this sector, which may have contributed to lesser awareness in the industry. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of lean manufacturing literature with respect to its applications in process industry. It contributes to the classification of literature in a manner which helps to identify strategies suitable for the adoption of lean concepts in process industry. The paper seeks to synthesise the literature with an emphasis on identifying the scope for lean in process industry and associated benefits. The review also presents an analysis of the lean tools and techniques that have been applied or have potential application in the process industry and the challenges to implement lean. We believe that such a comprehensive review will not only facilitate the adoption of lean in process industry but will also provide agenda for further research by exposing voids in the knowledge base.
Motion-aware vehicle detection in driving videos

: This paper focuses on vehicle detection based on motion features in driving videos. Long-term motion information can assist in driving scenarios since driving is a complicated and dynamic process. The proposed method is a deep learning based model which processes motion frame image. This image merges both spatial (frame) and temporal (motion) information. Hence, the model jointly detects vehicles and their motion from a single image. The trained model on Toyota Motor Europe Motorway Dataset reaches 83% mean average precision (mAP). Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method has a higher mAP than a tracking-based model. The proposed method runs real-time in driving videos which enables the model to be used in time-critical applications such as autonomous driving and advanced driving assistance systems.
Pengklasifikasian Topik dan Analisis Sentimen Dalam Media Sosial

Social media has the capability to increase student’s potencies (Sturgeon, 2009) measured by intellectual, social, and performance level. This potency is affected by informal relation between lecturer and students. In the other hand, lecturer has the responsibilities for teaching, research, and public service (Peraturan Pemerintah no 37 tahun 2009). In relation to teaching, lecturer is responsible for guiding students. Guidance has meant to direct students to learn and have a good behavior by encouraging and providing examples. Therefore, lecturer should know, and understand the emotions his students have in order to provide appropriate treatment. These emotions can be seen from the student’s statuses in social media. In this research, an application is proposed. This application has the ability to retrieve information about student statuses in social media, doing topic classification using SVM (Yu, 2011) between academic and non-academic label, and doing sentiment analysis using Maximum Entropy (Soria, 2010) between positive and negative emotions. Testing was conducted in a form of dataset testing using learn and classify approach for testing SVM and MaxEnt classification result. In the dataset testing for SVM, the result shows an accuracy rate of 93%. While in the dataset testing for MaxEnt, the result shows an accuracy rate of 70% for positive document and 53% for negative document. Improved accuracy of sentiment analysis is obtained from the use of word-shape feature in the learning process.
True Time Delay Beamforming

Abstract : Wide aperture arrays for transmitting and receiving wideband signals suffer beam broadening when steered away from the array normal using phase delays between the array elements. This beam dispersion is eliminated if time delays instead of phase shifts are used between antenna array elements. This report represents the results of a project to demonstrate the proof-of-principle of an acousto-optic signal processing concept that generates and controls, with a single tone, the set of time delays required for linear antenna array beamforming. This acousto-optic concept allows an array to scan a beam rapidly over a continuum of angles. In the approach described in this report, the time delays between elements are generated by using an acousto-optic Bragg cell as a continuous delay line, and indirectly tapping selected points in the Bragg cell to the output. This optical tapping is controlled with a second Bragg cell and other standard passive optical elements. Included in this concept is a passive optical element to ensure that the phase shifts of the carrier of the time delayed signals will be correct at the RF of the array. The time-delay controller also provides the proper relative phases between the carriers of the time delayed signals at the RF of the antenna array. A proof-of-principle breadboard of the time delay controller was assembled. Its of the demonstration of the breadboard are described.