Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
P2Y12 Inhibition in Murine Myocarditis Results in Reduced Platelet Infiltration and Preserved Ejection Fraction

Previous mouse studies have shown the increased presence of platelets in the myocardium during early stages of myocarditis and their selective detection by MRI. Here, we aimed to depict early myocarditis using molecular contrast-enhanced ultrasound of activated platelets, and to evaluate the impact of a P2Y12 receptor platelet inhibition. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis was induced in BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of porcine cardiac myosin and complete Freund adjuvant (CFA). Activated platelets were targeted with microbubbles (MB) coupled to a single-chain antibody that binds to the “ligand-induced binding sites” of the GPIIb/IIIa-receptor (=LIBS-MB). Alongside myocarditis induction, a group of mice received a daily dose of 100 g prasugrel for 1 month. Mice injected with myosin and CFA had a significantly deteriorated ejection fraction and histological inflammation on day 28 compared to mice only injected with myosin. Platelets infiltrated the myocardium before reduction in ejection fraction could be detected by echocardiography. No selective binding of the LIBS-MB contrast agent could be detected by either ultrasound or histology. Prasugrel therapy preserved ejection fraction and significantly reduced platelet aggregates in the myocardium compared to mice without prasugrel therapy. Therefore, P2Y12 inhibition could be a promising early therapeutic target in myocarditis, requiring further investigation.
Effect of soil type on spatial distribution and nutritive value of grass species growing in selected rangelands of South Africa

The distribution and status of grass species is essential for sustainable management of rangelands. Therefore, this study assessed the spatial distribution and nutritive value of grass species as influenced by soil type in selected rangelands of the North West province of South Africa. Grass species were harvested from four communal areas (clay loam and red brown sand soil types) using three transects per study area. Each transect was sub-divided into near (0.5–0.7 km), middle (0.70–1.4 km) and far sub-transects (1.4–2.2 km) based on distance from homesteads. Within each sub-transect, 10 m × 10 m homogeneous vegetation units (HVU) were marked and quadrats (1 m2) were randomly placed within each HVU to sample soil and grasses. Species composition, abundance, biomass and nutritive value of grass species were measured. Only 21% of grasses identified in the study areas were determined to be of high grazing value. Aristida species were more common and dominant in both soil types. Eragrostis cylindriflora 2 Hochst. had higher crude protein content and the highest in vitro ruminal dry matter degradability after 24 and 48 hours. Thus, E. cylindriflora was the most valuable grass species for livestock farming in the study areas and could be earmarked for rangeland restoration.
Building Complex Network Similar to Facebook

Social networks have been developed rapidly, especially for Facebook which is very popular with 10 billion users. It is a considerable significant job to build complex network similar to Facebook. There are many modeling methods of complex networks but which cant describe characteristics similar to Facebook. This paper provide a building method of complex networks with tunable clustering coefficient and community strength based on BA network model to imitate Facebook. The strategies of edge adding based on link-via-triangular, link-via-BA and link-via-type are used to build a complex network with tunable clustering coefficient and community strength. Under different parameters, statistical properties of the complex network model are analyzed. The differences and similarities are studied among complex network model proposed by this paper and real social network on Facebook. It is found that the network characteristics of the network model and real social network on Facebook are similar under some specific parameters. It is proved that the building method of complex networks is feasible.
Utilization of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Emergency Management

When emergencies or disasters strike, decision-making is a critical component in emergency management. One area of emergency management is ensuring that vulnerable communities are identified and can get the aid they need before, during, and after emergency events. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be leveraged to improve decision-making in dynamic and complex situations. We propose that Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM), specifically a hybrid methodology of AHP-TOPSIS, is an approach that can be utilized in AI that can help evaluate, prioritize, and select the most favorable alternative based on computation of the criteria. A study was conducted considering the positive COVID-19 cases in randomly selected counties in three states - Texas, California, and Oklahoma - that have historically experienced the most declared emergencies. The empirical results from the three cases (one case for each state) demonstrate the superiority of the AHP-TOPSIS approach.
Traffic Volume Time‐Series Analysis According to the Type of Road Use

Problems related to highway traffic operation and congestion management can be alleviated with the use of modern intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) is one of the emerging technologies that will help travelers plan routes and schedules of their trips so as to redistribute the traffic over the highway network. Such redistribution will try to maximize the use of available highway capacity. Collections of real‐time data and short‐term predictions of traffic volumes are among the critical needs of an ATIS. This article studies characteristics of different traffic volume time series. In particular, time‐series analysis is applied to the prediction of daily traffic volumes. The daily traffic volume is estimated by using the previous 13 daily traffic volumes. The study involves a comparison of statistical and neural network techniques for time series analysis. The analysis is applied to different types of road groups according to the trip purpose and trip length distribution. It is hoped that this study will provide a better understanding of various issues involved in the short‐term prediction of traffic volumes on different types of highways.
Thermodynamics Analysis and Removal of P in a P-(M)-H2O System

In order to efficiently remove phosphorus, thermodynamic equilibrium diagrams of the P-H2O system and P-M-H2O system (M stands for Fe, Al, Ca, Mg) were analyzed by software from Visual MINTEQ to identify the existence of phosphorus ions and metal ions as pH ranged from 1 to 14. The results showed that the phosphorus ions existed in the form of H3PO4, H2PO4−, HPO42−, and PO43−. Among them, H2PO4− and HPO42− were the main species in the acidic medium (99% at pH = 5) and alkaline medium (97.9% at pH = 10). In the P-Fe-H2O system ((P) = 0.01 mol/L, (Fe3+) = 0.01 mol/L), H2PO4− was transformed to FeHPO4+ at pH = 0–7 due to the existence of Fe3+ and then transformed to HPO42− at pH > 6 as the Fe3+ was mostly precipitated. In the P-Ca-H2O system ((P) = 0.01 mol/L, (Ca2+) = 0.015 mol/L), the main species in the acidic medium was CaH2PO4+ and HPO42−, and then transformed to CaPO4− at pH > 7. In the P-Mg-H2O system ((P) = 0.01 mol/L, (Mg2+) = 0.015 mol/L), the main species in the acidic medium was H2PO4− and then transformed to MgHPO4 at pH = 5–10, and finally transformed to MgPO4− as pH increased. The verification experiments (precipitation experiments) with single metal ions confirmed that the theoretical analysis could be used to guide the actual experiments.
Data Mining and Cloud Computing

Cloud computing provides a powerful, scalable and flexible infrastructure into which one can integrate, previously known, techniques and methods of Data Mining. The result of such integration should be strong and capacitive platform that will be able to deal with the increasing production of data, or that will create the conditions for the efficient mining of massive amounts of data from various data warehouses with the aim of creating (useful) information or the production of new knowledge. This paper discusses such technology - the technology of big data mining, known as Cloud Data Mining (CDM).
The Design of SVM-Based Fitness Consulting CAD System

The traditional methods of fitness consulting are confined to medical and hygienic science, which can not meet the requirements of development in modern society. We apply in this paper the method of Support Vector Machines (SVM) to the design of fitness consulting CAD system. The consulting results demonstrate competive performance both in training time and approximation to the domain expert knowledge.
Segment based Traffic Information Estimation Method Using Cellular Network Data

In traditional traffic information estimation method, the difference in positions is used to estimate traffic information. However, variation or flutter of positioning caused by imprecise mobile phone location accuracy may lead to the unstable measurement. Take the latest mobile phone location technology into consideration, this paper introduces a new segment based traffic estimation method. It is proved by simulation approach that segment based method performs well when location accuracy is within the length of a segment. Simulation results also demonstrate that segment based method is better than traditional method under all kinds of traffic condition except for the high location error and over saturation condition. Through simulation analysis, we conclude that enough sample size, i.e. larger vehicle generation rate, longer data collection interval, shorter location update interval, and larger mobile penetration rate are crucial factors to generate accurate traffic information.
Rationalization of Rainfall Station In Ternate Island

Good rainfall data can be obtained from recordings that are maintained and monitored continuously. Thus, the more rain stations there are, the more detailed the rainfall data will be. The rain station network density is expressed as the area of the watershed represented by one rain station. Meanwhile, the pattern of distribution of rain stations states the location of the placement of rain stations in the watershed. Ternate Island with an area of 76 km2 and has stations located in Akehuda Village, Gamayou Village, Tabona Village, Sasa Village, Kastela Village, and Sulamadaha Village. This study aims to rationalize the density of rainfall stations in Ternate Island. Rationalization of rainfall stations using the Kagan-Rodda method. The results obtained for the rationalization of rainfall stations with a total of 5 rain gauge stations spread across the city of Ternate, which are located in the Tabam, Gamayou, Sasa, Dorpedu, and Togafo areas with a grading error of 19.27% with a network density of 4.17 Km2/station.
Analysis of the impact of slight changes in product formal attributes on user's emotions and configuration of an emotional space for successful design

Despite virtual concept testing being widely used to evaluate users’ emotions elicited by products, prototypes tested in the early stages often undergo slight modifications before reaching the market. This study analyses how slight changes might affect users’ perception as well as influence their intention to purchase a product. Furthermore, this analysis opens the door to a new way of dealing with the users’ perceptual judgements by means of what has been defined as an emotional space for successful design (ESSD). This space integrates the users’ emotional reactions into a physical product solution space. Using a loudspeaker as a case study, eight virtual prototypes were obtained by slightly varying height, diameter and colour. The prototypes were then evaluated by 225 users employing the semantic differential method. The results showed that modifying certain attributes significantly influenced users’ responses, thus calling into question the consistency of the user's appraisal of virtual product concepts in the early stages of design. As such, the ESSD aids the identification of a subset of successful design solutions, so providing a clearly useful tool enabling designers to manage the users’ emotional needs throughout the product development process.
“Fumifugium: Or the inconvenience of the Aer and Smoake of London Dissipated”: emancipatory social accounting in 17th century London

PurposeThis paper extends the nature and relevance of exploring the historical roots of social and environmental accounting by investigating an account that recorded and made visible pollution in 17th century London. John Evelyn's Fumifugium (1661) is characterised as an external social account that bears resemblance to contemporary external accounting particularly given its problematising intentionality.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretive content analysis of the text draws out the themes and features of social accounting. Emancipatory accounting theory is the theoretical lens through which Evelyn's social account is interpreted, applying a microhistory research approach. We interpret Fumifugium as a social account with reference to the context of the reporting accountant.FindingsIn this early example of a stakeholder “giving an account” rather than an “account rendered” by an entity, Evelyn problematises industrial pollution and its impacts with the stated intention of changing industrial practices. We find that Fumifugium was used in challenging, resisting and seeking to solve an environmental problem by highlighting the adverse consequences to those in power and rendering new solutions thinkable.Originality/valueThis is the first research paper to extend investigations of the historical roots of social and environmental accounting into the 17th century. It also extends research investigating alternative forms of account by focusing on a report produced by an interested party and includes a novel use of the emancipatory accounting theoretical lens to investigate this historic report. Fumifugium challenged the lack of accountability of businesses in ways similar to present-day campaigns to address the overwhelming challenge of climate change.
Miniaturization and harmonic suppression rat-race coupler using C-SCMRC resonators with distributive equivalent circuit

This letter describes a miniaturized spurious pass-band suppression rat-race coupler using compensated spiral compact microstrip resonant cell (C-SCMRC) resonators. A distributive equivalent circuit model is proposed for circuit synthesis. The C-SCMRC resonator has been simulated by the equivalent circuit and method of moments (MoM) method. The measured results have good agreement with the simulated ones. The circuit area of the proposed rat-race coupler is only 45% of the conventional coupler. Furthermore, experimental results show that the coupler suppressed the second and third harmonic signals, -32.5dB and -22.5dB.
SICL-based Antenna Array for 5G Massive MIMO Applications in mm-waves

This work presents the concept and design of an antenna element, aimed at 5G time division duplex (TDD)-based digital massive MIMO applications, operating in millimeter waves (mm-waves). The proposed radiating structure is based on printed slot antennas, fed by a substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) for significantly reducing mutual coupling among the array elements. Furthermore, the slot has its own cavity for creating a broadside-direction beam, without increasing mutual coupling. Numerical results demonstrate 1.31 GHz bandwidth at 26 GHz, 6.4 dBi gain and beamwidth of 70° and 80° in the main orthogonal planes. A two-element array is reported as a proof-of-concept and the mutual coupling between its elements has been kept lower than 32 dB from 25 to 27 GHz, illustrating its potential for scalability to high-order massive antenna TDD arrays.
Noise suppression based on a fast discrete curvelet transform

A curvelet transform (CT) is a new kind of multi-scale analysis algorithm which is more suitable for image processing; as compared with a wavelet transform (WT), it can better analyse the line and curve edge characteristics, and it has better approximation precision and sparsity description and also has good directivity. This paper introduces ground roll suppression of a seismic signal based on a fast discrete curvelet transform (FDCT) and the direct wave removal in ground penetrating radar (GPR) based on a CT. A ground roll is an interferential wave existing widely in seismic data, and it is an important step in seismic data processing to suppress ground roll. The method can separate the different waves at the same time because of CT characteristics of frequency and direction. In the ground penetrating radar signal, the direct wave is a strong noise which has line singularity. In the time-space domain, the useful information in the GPR signal is badly polluted by a strong direct wave so that the underground objects cannot be recognized correctly. The FDCT is employed to remove the background noise and separate the direct wave. The experimental results show that a CT has better effects in ground-roll suppression and direct wave removal.
Hedgehog Signaling Controls Bone Homeostasis by Regulating Osteogenic/Adipogenic Fate of Skeletal Stem/Progenitor Cells in Mice

Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) can differentiate into osteogenic or adipogenic lineage. The mechanism governing lineage allocation of SSPCs is still not completely understood. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays an essential role in specifying osteogenic fate of mesenchymal progenitors during embryogenesis. However, it is still unclear whether Hh signaling is required for lineage allocation of SSPCs in postnatal skeleton, and whether its dysregulation is related to age‐related osteoporosis. Here, we demonstrated that Hh signaling was activated in metaphyseal SSPCs during osteogenic differentiation in the adult skeleton, and its activity decreased with aging. Inactivation of Hh signaling by genetic ablation of Smo, a key molecule in Hh signaling, in Osx‐Cre–targeted SSPCs and hypertrophic chondrocytes led to decreased bone formation and increased bone marrow adiposity, two key pathological features of age‐related osteoporosis. Moreover, we found that the bone‐fat imbalance phenotype caused by Smo deletion mainly resulted from aberrant allocation of SSPCs toward adipogenic lineage at the expense of osteogenic differentiation, but not due to accelerated transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into adipocytes. Mechanistically, we found that Hh signaling regulated osteoblast versus adipocyte fate of SSPCs partly through upregulating Wnt signaling. Thus, our results indicate that Hh signaling regulates bone homeostasis and age‐related osteoporosis by acting as a critical switch of cell fate decisions of Osx‐Cre–targeted SSPCs in mice and suggest that Hh signaling may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
A comprehensive comparison of spectral scatterometry hardware

In this paper, three different types of spectral scatterometry hardware are compared using Timbre Technologies' Optical Digital Profiler (ODP) as a common software platform. The hardware under consideration includes a spectroscopic reflectometer (R), polarizing spectroscopic reflectometer (RP) and a spectroscopic ellipsometer (SE). Four advanced lithographic applications are evaluated-two from Spansion's 110-nm Flash memory technology line, and two from AMD's 90-nm logic process. ODP models are developed and optimized for each application and each type of hardware. Results include static and dynamic repeatability, throughput, correlation to incumbent metrology and correlation to cross-section. For each application, the authors also attempt to determine the level of model complexity supported by each hardware type, with special attention paid to the relative sensitivity of each system to changes in critical dimension (CD) and resist profile. The results generally indicate that the SE is the most sensitive hardware type while the R is the most stable. The RP occupies some form of middle ground on both counts. These generalizations are largely application dependent and clear differentiations do not always exist. Selecting the right spectral scatterometry hardware, therefore, is a function of one’s application complexity and control objectives.
Modeling and simulation of mobile satellite propagation

Mobile satellite systems are subject to severe fading due to blockage of the line-of-sight (LOS) path by roadside vegetation. A thorough understanding of the fading effects is necessary for the design of a reliable land-mobile satellite system. Analytical and empirical models are presented for predicting fade statistics for vegetative shadowing of mobile satellite terminals. A software simulator for generating simulated fade data is also presented. A physical model relating physical path parameters to propagation model parameters is presented, and results using the model are shown. >
Parallel genomic responses to historical climate change and high elevation in East Asian songbirds

Significance A reduction in heterozygosity may limit the opportunity for species facing the same selective pressures to evolve parallel adaptation. Examining 19 East Asian tits’ genomes, we find a pattern of lower heterozygosity in western endemics compared with that found in both eastern endemics and widespread taxa, consistent with expectations of demographic contraction driven by late-Pleistocene climate fluctuations. Comparisons among both endemic and widespread tits find disproportionate levels of genetic differentiation between pairs of lowland and highland tits in genomic regions that are enriched for genes that may be associated with the oxygen transport cascade and/or thermogenesis. However, evolution did not occur in the same genes, and populations with higher heterozygosity did not show higher levels of parallel evolution as predicted. Parallel evolution can be expected among closely related taxa exposed to similar selective pressures. However, parallelism is typically stronger at the phenotypic level, while genetic solutions to achieve these phenotypic similarities may differ. For polygenic traits, the availability of standing genetic variation (i.e., heterozygosity) may influence such genetic nonparallelism. Here, we examine the extent to which high-elevation adaptation is parallel—and whether the level of parallelism is affected by heterozygosity—by analyzing genomes of 19 Paridae species distributed across East Asia with a dramatic east–west elevation gradient. We find that western highlands endemic parids have consistently lower levels of heterozygosity—likely the result of late-Pleistocene demographic contraction—than do parids found exclusively in eastern lowlands, which remained unglaciated during the late Pleistocene. Three widespread species (east to west) have high levels of heterozygosity similar to that observed in eastern species, although their western populations are less variable than eastern ones. Comparing genomic responses to extreme environments of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, we find that the most differentiated genomic regions between each high-elevation taxon and its low-elevation relative are significantly enriched for genes potentially related to the oxygen transport cascade and/or thermogenesis. Despite no parallelism at particular genes, high similarity in gene function is found among comparisons. Furthermore, parallelism is not higher in more heterozygous widespread parids than in highland endemics. Thus, in East Asian parids, parallel functional response to extreme elevation appears to rely on different genes, with differences in heterozygosity having no effect on the degree of genetic parallelism.