Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALGESIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF CURCUMA ZEDOARIA

This study describes the biological activity of the dried leaves, stem and rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. The dried powders of the plant were extracted with organic solvents- methanol and pet ether sequentially by the maceration process. The crude extract of methanol and pet ether were then investigated for analgesic and antimicrobial activity. At an oral dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight the crude extracts of methanol and pet ether were studied for analgesic property by using acetic acid induced writhing effect method. The methanolic rhizome extracts had mild analgesic property (with writhing inhibition of 66.67%). Pet ether extracts of the rhizome, leave and stem had shown moderate analgesic property (with writhing inhibition of 70.24 %, 75 %, 71.43 % respectively), while pet ether extracts of the leaves showed significant analgesic property (with writhing inhibition of 91.67 %). The crude extracts of methanol and pet ether were screened for antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria and fungi using disc diffusion method. The results obtained were compared with that of standard drug kanamycin. The stem extract showed mild sensitivity to several gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi (zone of inhibition 7 mm). The pet ether leaf extract and methanolic leaf extract also showed mild sensitivity to several gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi (zone of inhibition 10-12 mm and 11-12 mm respectively). Pet ether rhizome extract also showed highly sensitivity to several gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi (zone of inhibition 11-14 mm). The methanolic rhizome extracts showed significant sensitivity to several gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi (zone of inhibition 13-15 mm).
Differential methylation of the micro‐RNA 7b gene targets postnatal maturation of murine neuronal Mecp2 gene expression

DNA methylation and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in maturation of postnatal mouse neurons. Aberrant DNA methylation and/or altered miRNA expression cause postnatal neurodevelopmental disorders. In general, DNA methylation in the 5′‐flanking region suppresses gene expression through recruitment of methyl‐CpG binding domain proteins (MBPs) to the cytosine residues of CpG dinucleotides. X‐linked MeCP2 (methyl‐CpG binding protein 2), a member of MBPs, is a methylation‐associated transcriptional repressor with other functions in the central nervous system (CNS). miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by targeting the 3′‐untranslated region (3′UTR). Some miRNA genes harboring or being embedded in CpG islands undergo methylation‐mediated silencing. One such miRNA is miR‐7b which is differentially expressed through stages of neurodevelopment. In our present study, we focused on a canonical CpG island located in the 5′‐flanking region of the murine miR‐7b gene. Hypermethylation of this CpG island down‐regulates miR‐7b while recruiting MeCP2 to the methylated CpG dinucleotides. Meanwhile, Mecp2, a target of miR‐7b, was up‐regulated due to lack of restrain exerted by miR‐7b during maturation of postnatal (PN) mouse neurons between PN3 and PN14. Our results indicate that miR‐7b is a direct downstream gene transcriptional target while also being a negative post‐transcriptional regulator of Mecp2 expression. We speculate that this bidirectional feed‐back autoregulatory function of miR‐7b and Mecp2 while linking DNA methylation and miRNA action maintains the homeostatic control of gene expression necessary during postnatal maturation of mammalian neurons. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 407–425, 2014
Historical and Contemporary Views of Language Learning

Traditionally, the theoretical approaches that are included in accounts of language acquisition occupy different positions on a continuum with regard to how much emphasis is placed on the internal wiring of the child (i.e., the child’s given biological nature) versus the environmental input that the child receives (i.e., nurture). In contrast to these two views, an interactionist approach to language development focuses not only on the structures and mechanisms internal to the child, but also on the powerful influence that experiential and social factors have in concert with unobservable mental faculties. The charge for this chapter is to review the continuum of nature, nurture, and interactionist perspectives and to discuss their impact on the world of speech-language pathology. By tracing the roots of and variations of the nativistic, behavioral, and interactionist approaches to the development of language, we can begin to understand how the trends in modern language science have affected the profession of speech-language pathology over the last 50 or so years. As we consider the status of the nature–nurture debate, the contemporary science of child development informs this discussion in interesting new ways. In fact, this science suggests that the nature–nurture question Historical and Contemporary Views of Language Learning
Mycobiota variation in stored rice straw and its cellulolytic profile.

Rice Straw (RS) one of most important agrowaste worldwide. Variation in mycobiota inhabiting long stored RS and its cellulolytic profile were studied. The highest number of fungi (23 species) was recovered from 1st storage period (1-3 year). Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus sp. , Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium incarnatum, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium sp. , Stemphylium lycopersici and Ulocladium atrum are the most frequent genera. Among 21 fungal species recovered in the 2nd period (3-5 year), Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium incarnatum, Stemphylium lycopersici and Ulocladium atrum recorded 100% frequency, whereas Ulocladium atrum, Veticillium lecanii, Stemphylium lycopersici and Penicillium sp. , were the most frequent species in the 3rd period (> 5 years). Regarding the pathogenic fungal isolates, Nigrospora oryzae was the most frequent with high intensity in all samples of the three storage periods, whereas Alternaria padwikii reached the highest frequency and intensity in the 1st period and absent the 2nd and 3rd ones. The isolated fungal species showed a high production of cellulases comparing to previous studies with positive and significant correlation between FPase from one side and CMCase (r = 0.634, p ≤ 0.05) and β-glucosidase (r = 0.775, p ≤ 0.05) from the other side.
Expression of the SART3 Tumor-Rejection Antigen in Brain Tumors and Induction of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes by Its Peptides

The authors recently reported on the SART3 tumor-rejection antigen, which possesses epitopes that can induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in patients with epithelial cancer. To explore a new modality for treatment of patients with brain tumors, this study investigated the expression of the SART3 antigen in patients with brain tumors and the ability of SART3 peptides to induce CTLs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of these patients. The SART3 antigen was detected in the cytoplasmic fraction of all 18 glioma cell lines examined and in the majority (31 of 34; 91%) of brain tumor tissues irrespective of their histologies. It was also expressed in the nuclear fraction of all 18 glioma cell lines and in the majority (26 of 34; 76%) of brain tumor tissues. In contrast, the SART3 was not expressed in nontumorous brain tissues. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes were induced in patients with glioma by stimulation with two epitope peptides of SART3. These CTLs could eliminate glioma cells in a HLA-A24–restricted manner. Therefore, the SART3 peptides may be appropriate molecules for use in peptide-based specific immunotherapy of HLA-A24+ patients with brain tumors.
A High-Performance Body-Tied FinFET Bandgap Engineered SONOS (BE-SONOS) for  nand-Type Flash Memory

A body-tied FinFET bandgap engineered (BE)-silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) nand Flash device is successfully demonstrated for the first time. BE-SONOS device with a BE oxide-nitride-oxide barrier is integrated in the FinFET structure with a 30-nm fin width. FinFET BE-SONOS can overcome the unsolvable tradeoff between retention and erase speed of the conventional SONOS. Compared with the current floating-gate Flash devices, FinFET BE-SONOS provides both retention and erase-speed performance, while eliminating the scaling limitations and is, thus, an important candidate for further scaling of nand Flash
Plasma-Treated Biomaterials

Atmospheric pressure plasma spraying is currently used to fabricate relatively thick ceramic coatings for orthopedic applications such as hip joints replacements. We have recently fabricated bioactive nanostructured titanium oxide coatings that are bioactive and conducive to the growth of apatite. The materials are synthesized by nanoparticle atmospheric pressure plasma spraying followed by low-pressure plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII). Surface bioactivity can also be induced by irradiating the nanostructure TiO2 coatings with ultraviolet light instead of hydrogen plasma ion implantation. PIII is a useful method to treat other types of biomaterials to enhance the surface bioactivity. Recent applications of the technology to modify orthopedic materials as well as biocompatible and antibacterial coatings are described in this invited paper
Technical Report : Privacy-Enhanced Bi-Directional Communication in the Smart Grid

Although privacy concerns in smart metering have been widely studied, relatively little attention has been given to privacy in bi-directional communication between consumers and service providers. Full bi-directional communication is necessary for incentive-based demand response (DR) protocols, such as demand bidding, in which consumers bid to reduce their energy consumption. However, this can reveal private information about consumers. Existing proposals for privacy-enhancing protocols do not support bi-directional communication. To address this challenge, we present a privacy-enhancing communication architecture that incorporates all three major information flows (network monitoring, billing and bi-directional DR) using a combination of spatial and temporal aggregation and differential privacy. The key element of our architecture is the Trustworthy Remote Entity (TRE), a node that is singularly trusted by mutually distrusting entities. The TRE differs from a trusted third party in that it uses Trusted Computing approaches and techniques to provide a technical foundation for its trustworthiness. A automated formal analysis of our communication architecture shows that it achieves its security and privacy objectives with respect to a previouslydefined adversary model. This is therefore the first application of privacy-enhancing techniques to bi-directional smart grid communication between mutually distrusting agents.
Trace theory for automatic hierarchical verification of speed-independent circuits

A theory of automatic hierarchical verification of speed-independent circuits is developed and implemented. The theory models circuits as trace structures. Trace structures represent the behaviors of circuits as sets of traces, which sequences of transitions on the circuit's input and output wires. Trace structures form a compositional semantics for circuits: two trace structures can be composed to model connecting the corresponding circuits and transitions can be hidden to model unobservable internal wires. Trace structures express requirements on the behavior of the environment in addition to describing the behavior of a circuit. It is noted that, for composition to work properly, a trace structure must model all possible actions of the environment. This property, called receptiveness, is precisely characterized. Trace structures can also be used as specifications. If one trace structure can be safely substituted for another in all contexts, the first is an implementation of the second. This relationship can be tested by using a decision procedure based on finding the most demanding environment with which a trace structure can be composed. The use of a single formalism for descriptions and specifications greatly simplifies the theory. More importantly, the resulting verification methodology is naturally hierarchical, because specifications at one level of abstraction can be used as descriptions at higher levels of abstraction. Two distinct theories are proposed: prefix-closed trace structures, which can model and specify safety properties, and complete trace structures, which can also deal with liveness and fairness properties. The theory of prefix-closed trace structures has been implemented in an interactive program which has verified and detected bugs in published circuit designs. Complete trace structures are based on regular languages of infinite sequences. The definitions and results pertaining to complete trace structures are very similar to those for prefix-closed trace structures. It is relatively difficult to define and test receptiveness for complete trace structures. The definition of this property is presented in terms of infinite two-player games. The problem of receptiveness is proved to be decidable, by reduction to Church's solvability problem.
Horizontal Mechanisms Under Differing IS Organization Contexts

Horizontal mechanisms are structural overlays (such as roles and groups) and non-structural devices (such as physical co-location) that are designed to facilitate cross-unit collaboration. The objective of this study is to increase our cumulative knowledge about what top-down mechanisms are being used to promote the coordination of IS activities across corporate/division boundaries. Propositions about how mechanism usage differs under Centralized versus Federal IS organization contexts are developed based on a synthesis of prior organization science and empirical IS literature. Multiple methods are used to collect data from IS and non-IS senior managers from two case sites with theoretically different IS coordination needs. As predicted, multiple types of structural and non-structural mechanisms were implemented for business-IS coordination in the company with a Centralized IS context, and for corporate IS-decentralized IS coordination in the company with a Federal IS context. An unexpected finding was that mechanisms for both of these kinds of IS coordination were valued at each case site. The prediction that a formal group mechanism would be perceived as more effective for achieving cross-unit coordination than an integrator role mechanism was not supported. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for research and practice.
Exploring loss to follow-up among women living with HIV in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission programmes in Côte d'Ivoire

The expansion of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) services globally has been accompanied by significant rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU). This study explored barriers and facilitators to participation in PMTCT programmes for pregnant and post-partum women living with HIV who had been LTFU at public sector antenatal care facilities in the Vallée du Bandama region of Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa. Three types of interviews were conducted at seven health sites: (1) individual or small group interviews with health staff; (2) one focus group with women actively enrolled in PMTCT services; and (3) individual interviews with women who had been LTFU from PMTCT services. Ten main themes emerged and were classified within a modified social ecological model. The individual level barriers included discouragement and internalised stigma, while hope for self/child's health was a facilitator. The family/community level barriers were fear of stigma and gender inequities. The health system level barriers were unclear information and poor post-test counselling, while staff advice and support groups were facilitators. The structural level barrier was associated costs. Factors on all four levels of the social ecological model must be addressed in order to maximise adherence to PMTCT services.
Aalborg Universitet Cooperative Media Streaming Using Adaptive Network Compression

Media content distribution constitutes a growing share of the services on the Internet. Two distinct distribution approaches used today are Layered Coding (LC) and Multiple Description Coding (MDC). Current wireless connection technologies, e.g. Wimax, have properties which make them unsuitable for media distribution using traditional approaches. In particular, the asymmetric relationship between the uplink and the downlink bandwidth makes the cooperative distribution difficult. A promising concept, termed MDC with Conditional Compression (MDC-CC), has been proposed [11], which essentially acts as an adaptive hybrid between LC and MDC. In order to facilitate the use of MDC-CC, a new overlay network approach is proposed, using tree of meshes. A control system for managing description distribution and compression in a small mesh is implemented in the discrete event simulator NS-2. The two traditional approaches, MDC and LC, are used as references for the performance evaluation of the proposed scheme. The system is simulated in a heterogeneous network environment, where packet errors are introduced. Moreover, a test is performed at different network loads. Performance gain is shown over both LC and MDC.
Maturation-Dependent Expression and Function of the CD49d Integrin on Monocyte-Derived Human Dendritic Cells1

Dendritic cells (DC) are highly specialized APC that are critical for the initiation of T cell-dependent immune responses. DC exert a sentinel function while immature and, after activation by inflammatory stimuli or infectious agents, mature and migrate into lymphoid organs to prime T cells. We have analyzed integrin expression on monocyte-derived DC (MDDC) and found that expression of CD49d integrins (CD49d/CD29 and CD49d/β7) was induced/up-regulated during TNF-α- or LPS-initiated MDDC maturation, reflecting the induction/up-regulation of CD49d and β7 mRNA. CD49d mRNA steady-state level increased more than 10 times during maturation, with the highest levels observed 24 h after TNF-α treatment. CD49d integrin expression conferred mature MDDC with an elevated capacity to adhere to the CS-1 fragment of fibronectin, and also mediated transendothelial migration of mature MDDC. Up-regulation of CD49d integrin expression closely paralleled that of the mature DC marker CD83. CD49d integrin expression was dependent on cell maturation, as its induction was abrogated by N-acetylcysteine, which inhibits NF-κB activation and the functional and phenotypic maturation of MDDC. Moreover, CD49d integrin up-regulation and MDDC maturation were prevented by SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, but were almost unaffected by the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-related kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor PD98059. Our results support the existence of a link between functional and phenotypic maturation of MDDC and CD49d integrin expression, thus establishing CD49d as a maturation marker for MDDC. The differential expression of CD49d on immature and mature MDDC might contribute to their distinct motility capabilities and mediate mature DC migration into lymphoid organs.
Computed tomographic findings and treatment of an unusual fracture of the proximal ulna in a mature dog

Summary This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of an unusual fracture of the proximal ulna in a four-year-old male neutered Labrador Retriever dog, the orientation of which has not been reported in the veterinary literature. Computed tomography allowed fracture visualisation and aided surgical planning. Fixation was achieved using a lag screw and an anti-rotational Kirschner wire. Six month follow-up indicated satisfactory outcome with complete return to normal function.
Red blood cell flags for the differential diagnosis between thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anemia

Inthis paper, the authors investigated the role of red cellsags (RCF) and in particular its Þrst digit (RCF1) Ðwhich is a rough estimate of red cell distributionwidth (RDW) Ð in the differential diagnosis betweenthalassemia trait (TT) and iron deÞciency anemia(IDA). They found a statistically signiÞcant differ-ence between TT and IDA for RCF1 5 0 (64 .1%versus 20%) and RCF1 5 2(6.3% versus 42%) andconcluded that RCF1 is sensitive and speciÞc enoughto be used to differentiate iron deÞciency anemiafrom beta-thalassemia trait.Their paper is of particular interest, since it is theÞrst study to evaluate the efÞciency of RCF1 in thediscrimination between these two conditions.However, I would like to express some concernsabout the conclusions that they have drawn. There isindeed a statistical difference between the two condi-tions for RCF1 5 0andRCF15 2; however, RCF1 isnot sufÞciently sensitive or speciÞc to differentiate TTfrom IDA, using the values that they have provided.For example, if RCF1 5 0 is to be considered as adiagnostictoolforthediagnosisofTT,then,accordingto Table 1 in their paper, there would be 10 IDApatients (20% of all IDA patients) that would havebeen misdiagnosed as TT (false positive results). Moreover, there would be 23 TT patients (35 .9% ofall TT patients) that would have been missed, sincethey have RCF1 . 0 (false negative results). Similar results can be obtained if we use RCF1 5 2as a diagnostic tool for IDA. These percentages areunacceptably high in order to consider RCF1 as areliable, sensitive and speciÞc index for the discrimi-nation between TT and IDA.Similarly to RCF1, RDW, which has a closecorrelation to RCF1, has also been found to be notreliable for the differential diagnosis between TT andIDA by many studies.
Draft Genome Sequence of Immunobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strain IBL027, a Potential Adjuvant for Mucosal Vaccine Development

ABSTRACT The genome sequence of the immunomodulatory strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain IBL027 is described here. The reads were assembled into contigs with a total size 2,898,501 bp. The genome information will be useful for further specific genetic studies of this strain to evaluate its immunomodulatory and biotechnological properties as a vaccine adjuvant.
Proposal of scatter typed wireless iot repeaters with anti-shock property for disaster information networks

The Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 damaged the wider Japanese areas, there were serious troubles to seek families or a lack of rations because of the breakdown of cellular networks. Thus, the quick reconstruction of the communication networks is considered to be one of the significant issues after disasters. Therefore, this paper introduced the scatter typed wireless IoT repeaters with anti-shock property in order to realize the quick network reconstructions for the Disaster Information Networks. In the proposed methods, the IoT repeaters are considered to be scattered from the helicopters during the rescues or the damage investigations, and the paper proposes the anti-shock property of the IoT repeaters and the considerable ad-hoc network protocol. Then, the prototype system and the experimental results are discussed for the future studies.