Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fish Bulletin No. 93. The Life History of the Cabezon Scorpaenichthys marmoratus (Ayres)

Author(s): O'Connell, Charles P | Abstract: During the past 15 years the cabezon, Scorpaenichthys marmoratus, the largest of the North American Cottidae and a species of minor economic importance, has gained considerable popularity in the California sport fishery. Its commercial status, however, has changed but little during this time. Jordan and Evermann (1898) remarked that the cabezon is used but not esteemed as a food fish, and, although the commercial landings have increased somewhat, this sentiment still prevails.The enthusiasm of the sportsman and the apathy of the marketman are easily understood. To the former, the cabezon is a relatively large and quite edible prize. To the latter it is, although large enough, considered inferior in quality to most other market fishes. Of course the attitude of the marketman is, in part, a reflection of customer preference, and unfortunately the customer may be repelled by nothing more than the allegedly unattractive appearance of this species.Nevertheless, the cabezon, already a marketable fish, should be considered a potentially greater food resource. Although not markedly superior in quality, it is at least as palatable as many of the more popular market fishes. As Hubbs and Wick (1951) discovered, its only dietetic defect is the poisonous condition of the roe. Fillets of one and one-half pounds or more can be obtained from an average market specimen, but the species is usually sold in the round. Only one market in Monterey regularly fillets them in quantity for a local truck vendor. None are shipped to other markets from Monterey.In view of the sixfold increase in sport landings of the cabezon since the end of the war, the drain on the population may conceivably reach proportions capable of diminishing the stock in the foreseeable future.Should increasing demand for the cabezon eventually elevate it to a position of greater economic importance in the California catch, a knowledge of its biology would be desirable. To this end, the information here presented will facilitate further study of the species and ultimately contribute to its management.
using a Micromechanical Approach Characterizing Nonlinear Rate-dependent Behaviors of Graphite / Epoxy Composites

This research aims to characterize the nonlinear rate-dependent behaviors of graphite/epoxy composites using micromechanical analysis. In this analysis, graphite fibers are considered as elastic solids, while the surrounding epoxy matrix exhibiting rate sensitivities are described using the three-parameter viscoplasticity model. By using Aboudi’s generalized method of cells (GMC), the incremental form of the constitutive relations of the composites are expressed in terms of the constituent properties as well as the geometry parameters of the representative volume element. After a numerical iteration, the corresponding stress and strain relations of composites at different strain rates are generated. In order to verify the model predictions, off-axis graphite/epoxy composite specimens are tested at strain rates from 10 4 to 550/s. For strain rates less than 1/s, the experiments are conducted using a hydraulic MTS machine, while high-strain-rate tests were carried out using a split Hopkinson pressure bar. Experimental results indicate that the stress and strain curves are quite sensitive to the strain rate; moreover, when the strain rates increase, the material stiffens. A comparison of model predictions with experimental results indicates that the rate-dependent behaviors of composites can be characterized effectively with the GMC model in conjunction with the viscoplastic properties of epoxy.
Peanuts at an angle: detecting and measuring the three-dimensional structure of bars in moderately inclined galaxies

We show that direct detection and measurement of the vertically thickened parts of bars (so called ‘boxy’ or ‘peanut- shaped’ bulges) are possible not only for edge-on galaxies but also for galaxies with moderate inclinations (i < 70◦), and that examples are relatively common in the nearby Universe. The analysis of a sample of 78 nearby, moderately inclined (i � 65◦) early-type (S0–Sb) barred galaxies shows that the isophotal signature of the box/peanut can usually be detected for inclinations as low as i ∼ 40◦ – and in exceptional cases down to i ∼ 30◦. In agreement with the predictions from N-body simulations, the signature is most easily detectable when the bar’s position angle is within ∼50◦ of the galaxy major axis; in particular, galaxies where the bar lies very close to the minor axis do not show the signature clearly or at all. For galaxies with i = 40◦–65◦ and relative angles <45◦, we find evidence for the signature ≈2/3 of the time; the true frequency of box/peanut structures in bars may be higher. Comparison with N-body models also allows us to link observed photometric morphology with 3D physical structures, and thus estimate the relative sizes of box/peanut structures and bars. For our local sample, we find that box/peanut structures range in radial size (measured along the bar major axis) from 0.4 to 3.8 kpc (mean =1.5 ± 0.9 kpc) and span 0.26–0.58 of the bar length (mean of 0.38 ± 0.08). This is a clear observational confirmation that when bars thicken, it is not the entire bar which does so, but only the inner part. This technique can also be used to identify galaxies with bars which have not vertically thickened. We suggest that NGC 3049 and IC 676 may be particularly good examples, and that the fraction of S0–Sb bars which lack box/peanut structures is at least ∼13 per cent.
0 Heterogeneity in the Production of Human Capital

We derive a tractable nonlinear earnings function which we estimate separately individual-byindividual using the NLSY79 data. These estimates yield five important parameters for each individual: three ability measures (two representing the ability to learn and one the ability to earn), a rate of skill depreciation, and a time discount rate. In addition, we obtain a population wide estimate of the rental rate of human capital. To illustrate heterogeneity in the production of human capital, we plot the distribution of these parameters along with NLSY79 reported AFQT scores. By utilizing these parameters, we are able to verify a number of heretofore untested theorems relating to human capital investments. In addition, we are able to show how these human capital production function parameters relate to cognitive ability, personality traits, and family background. Further, accounting for this individual specific heterogeneity dramatically reduces estimates of population-wide persistence of (unit-root) permanent and (mean-reverting) transitory shocks. * The initial version of this paper was written while Polachek was a Visiting Scholar at the NBER in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was presented at the 2011 IZA Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Skills Workshop in Bonn, Germany. The current version now focuses on the heterogeneity of individual human capital production function parameters. We thank Vikesh Amin, Christian Belzil, Hwan-Sik Choi, Armin Falk, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes, Richard Freeman, Claudia Goldin, James Heckman, Larry Katz, Subal Kumbhakar, Dennis Pixton, Arnab Roy, Anton Schick, Xiangin Xu, Francis Yammarino, and Bong Joon Yoon for valuable advice and discussion.
Title Mitochondrial dysfunction induces dendritic loss via eIF 2 αphosphorylation

Right © 2017 Tsuyama et al. This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution‒Noncommercial‒Share Alike‒No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms/). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution‒Noncommercial‒Share Alike 4.0 International license, as described at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). Type Journal Article
Risk Aversion and Expected Utility Theory: A Field Experiment with Large and Small Stakes

We employ a novel data set to estimate a structural econometric model of the decisions under risk of players in a game show where lotteries present payoffs in excess of half a million dollars. Differently from previous studies in the literature, the decisions under risk of the players in presence of large payoffs allow to estimate the parameters of the curvature of the vN-M utility function not only locally but also globally. Our estimates of relative risk aversion indicate that a constant relative risk aversion parameter of about one captures the average of the sample population. In addition we find that individuals are practically risk neutral at small stakes and risk averse at large stakes, a necessary condition, according to Rabin (2000) calibration theorem, for expected utility to provide a unified account of individuals’ attitude towards risk. Finally, we show that for lotteries characterized by substantial stakes non-expected utility theories fit the data equally well as expected utility theory. JEL Classification codes: D7, H42, F13, L7 We would like to thank Endemol Italia S.p.A for kindly providing access to the recorded episodes of the show “Affari Tuoi”. In particular we would like to thank Luca Passerini and Salvatore Spirlí for extensive discussion about the game rules and the selection process of the participants and Silvia Brasca for facilitating the data collection. We thank Paul Beaudry, Gorkem Celik, David Green, Jerry Green, Drew Fudenberg, Yoram Halevy, David Laibson, Thomas Lemieux, and Okan Yilankaya for useful comments and suggestions. Particularly, Philippe Aghion, Alberto Alesina, and Andrei Shleifer are gratefully acknowledged for numerous discussions and constant encouragement. We are also grateful to seminar participants at the University of British Columbia and Harvard University. ∗University of British Columbia, Department of Economics. †Harvard University, Department of Economics.
The Validity of Monetary Exchange Rate Model: The Case of Jordan

The objective of this paper is to test the long-run validity of the monetary model of exchange rate determinations for the Jordanian economy. The paper uses quarterly data for the period 1992:1-2006:4. Two empirical models were tested; the flexible price monetary model and the sticky price monetary model. These models postulate the existence of a strong link between exchange rates and a set of macroeconomic fundamentals. The methodology used in this paper is the OLS (after verifying that it is an applicable tool). The empirical results tend to give the Jordanian data mixed results regarding whether we find support for the monetary model of the real exchange rate (RER) determinations. Specifically, we find that the only coefficient that was significant and gave the corrected sign to affect RER was for the money supply. Other variables (Real GDP and expected inflation) gave wrong signs. Finally, interest rate gave the corrected sign, however, it was insignificant. One possible explanation for these results lies behind the policy of fixing the nominal exchange rate against the US dollar, and the heavily economic and social procedures to stabilize inflation rate which result in a relatively stable RER that cannot reflect movements in macroeconomic variables
Object Detection in the Interventional Room using RGB-D Cameras.

RESUME : L’utilisation de systemes d’imagerie a rayons X en radiologie interventionnelle expose le personnel medical aux radiations emises. Il serait donc benefique pour le personnel de developper un systeme de surveillance des radiations indiquant les zones de rayonnement et correlant les radiations absorbees aux activites classiques. Pour developper un tel systeme, la detection de l’equipement present dans la salle est necessaire afin de simuler la propagation de radiation avec plus de precision. Nous presentons ici une approche pour identifier et localiser automatiquement les equipements presents dans une salle interventionnelle a partir d’images issues de cameras RGB-D. Elle est basee sur la generation de modeles multimodaux representant les objets lors d’une etape d’entrainement, qui sont ensuite detectes dans les images grâce a une methode de sliding window. De plus, deux extensions pour accelerer la detection ont ete etudiees : l’optimisation de l’entrainement pour generer des modeles plus discriminants mais en moindre quantite, et l’implementation d’une technique de detection en cascade. La methode a ete evaluee sur un nouveau jeu de donnees representatif acquis dans une salle interventionnelle a l’IHU de Strasbourg, pour la detection simultanee de 5 objets communement presents dans cet environnement, dans 70 images annotees manuellement. //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// TRADUCTION : The increased use of X-ray based imaging technologies in interventional radiology exposes clinicians to large amounts of X-ray radiations. It is thus clinically beneficial to develop a global X-ray monitoring system to inform staff of the radiation risk and correlate this with the procedure’s workflow. For this, detection of the equipment present in the room is necessary in order to accurately simulate the radiations. During this thesis, an approach to detect and localize equipment in the interventional room using RGB-D images as input was implemented and evaluated. The proposed method is based on the generation of multimodal templates of the objects to detect during a training stage, which are later on matched to the input data by applying a sliding window search. Two new methods for speeding up the detection were investigated : the optimization of the views selected for template generation and the implementation of a cascaded detection. The approach was tested on a representative dataset from an interventional room acquired at the IHU of Strasbourg on 70 annotated images when simultaneously detecting 5 largesized objects commonly present in this environment.
The Importance of Sleep Position in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

oBJeCTIVe: Sleeping in the supine position has an important role in the severity and development of sleep apnea. Significant increase in the ApneaHypopnea Index (AHI) in cases with Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) seen in the side-lying position and in those sleeping in the supine position with moderate total AHI index scores, induce striking decreases in oxygen saturation. This condition is crucial in the emergence of OSAS-related complications secondary to hypoxemia. The objective of this study is to compare the incidence of comorbidities, and polysomnographic findings in cases diagnosed as positional OSAS, and those with different degrees of OSAS.
The MiFID Revolution

Jean-Pierre Casey and Karel Lannoo paint a portrait of the likely EU securities market landscape post-MiFiD. Much of the available analysis on MiFID has focused on short-term adjustment and compliance costs, especially regarding IT investments. Yet MiFID represents a revolution in European securities markets that is likely to lead to deep and long-lasting structural changes. The analysis in this Policy Brief concentrates on ten predictions that the authors make about the likely impact of MiFID on market structures, and the likely strategic responses of financial services firms.
Travelogue Boredom Detection with Content Features

this working note, a set of features are proposed for ranking videos according to the felt boredom in users or boredom ranking. The boredom ranking can be used as a feature for video recommendation. A series of travelogue videos was used as the dataset. The features were from different modalities, namely, video, audio, and speech transcript. The amount of information that a given episode brings and the fame of places are proposed as relevant features. The boredom scores were estimated using a linear regression and relevance vector machine (RVM.). It is shown that the amount of information a video delivers to a viewer can decrease the perceived boredom.
Patterns of polychaete diversity in selected tropical intertidal habitats

Few studies have quantitatively compared benthic macrofaunal assemblages between different tropical intertidal habitats over differing spatial scales. The present study uses spatially nested material from vegetated (seagrass) and non-vegetated (mudflat) habitats in SW Thailand to address this issue. Polychaetes were the numerically dominant component of benthic assemblages throughout the region, comprising over 74% of the total macrofauna. Despite great within-site and sample variation, based on species diversity, polychaete assemblages were mostly site-specific. Not so visibly obvious were the evident differences in polychaete assemblages between habitats. The spatial pattern of polychaete diversity is explored.
Long-Term Capital Goods Importation and Minimum Wage Relationship in Turkey: Bounds Testing Approach

Abstract In order to examine the long-term relationship between capital goods importation and minimum wage, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to the cointegration is used in the study. According to bounds test results, a cointegration relation exists between the capital goods importation and the minimum wage. Therefore an ARDL(4,0) model is estimated in order to determine the long and short term relations between variables. According to the empirical analysis, there is a positive and significant relationship between the capital goods importation and the minimum wage in Turkey in the long term. A 1% increase in the minimum wage leads to a 0.8% increase in the capital goods importation in the long term. The result is similar for short term coefficients. The relationship observed in the long term is preserved in short term, though in a lower level. In terms of error correction model, it can be concluded that error correction mechanism works as the error correction term is negative and significant. Short term deviations might be resolved with the error correction mechanism in the long term. Accordingly, approximately 75% of any deviation from equilibrium which might arise in the previous six month period will be resolved in the current six month period. This means that returning to long term equilibrium progresses rapidly.
Institutions, credit markets and development in Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper reviews the evidence on the impact of institutions and credit market on development outcomes. The study uses panel data techniques and the data is from 1995 to 2013. The results shows that the better the institutions, the higher the credit extension to the private sector and higher the level of economic development. This applies also to credit market. If credit market functions well, development is bound to increase. This has important implications for policy in Africa. Governments should aim to improve their institutions to increase the economic development of their countries. Also, improvement in markets, especially, credit access will increase development.
A review of rockfall mechanics and modelling approaches

Models can be useful tools to assess the risk posed by rockfall throughout relatively large mountainous areas (>500 km2), in order to improve protection of endangered residential areas and infrastructure. Therefore the purpose of this study was to summarize existing rockfall models and to propose modifications to make them suitable for predicting rockfall at a regional scale. First, the basic mechanics of rockfall are summarized, including knowledge of the main modes of motion: falling, bouncing and rolling. Secondly, existing models are divided in three groups: (1) empirical models, (2) process-based models and (3) Geophysical Information System (GIS)-based models. For each model type its basic principles and ability to predict rockfall runout zones are summarized. The final part is a discussion of how a model for predicting rockfall runout zones at a regional scale should be developed. A GIS-based distribution model is suggested that combines a detailed process-based model and a GIS. Potential rockfall source areas and falltracks are calculated by the GIS component of the model and the rockfall runout zones are calculated by the process-based component. In addition to this model, methods for the estimation of model parameters values at a regional scale have to be developed.
Collaborative UAV Type Robotic System for Mosquito Habitat Puddle Searching and Larvicide Spray

Mosquitoes are one of the most notorious pests, carrying many deadly diseases. This insect spends its larval stage in stagnated water such as puddles or septic tanks. This research presents preliminary results of using collaborating UAV type robots to find puddles with machine learning-combined image processing and delivering bacteria derived eco-friendly larvicide to the puddles for easier pest
The Future of Oil Palm Clones in Malaysia

High yielding ability ensures the sustainability of a crop through improved resource (land, light, water, fertilizers, labour) use efficiencies besides profitability. Traditionally perennial tree crop improvement is achieved/expedited through clonal (vegetative) propagation. This prompted the research and development into the tissue culture clonal propagation of oil palm which has no natural means of vegetative propagation in the early 1970s. Oil palm clonal propagation has now become a technology with commercial output of clonal plantlets constituting 5-10% of the annual oil palm planting material requirement in Malaysia. Nevertheless, with the inefficiencies of the tissue culture technique in terms of low amenability and risk of somaclonal variation extant, strategies in clonal propagation have to remain as adjuncts to hybrid breeding programs and strategies. With the lower genetic variability and heritability for oil yield confirmed in advanced DxP hybrids, cloning (and recloning) from such populations is inefficient and runs the risk of concurrent new generations of improved hybrids closing the yield advantage gap of clones. Cloning ortets from the early/recombinant phases of hybrid breeding programmes would be more efficient with the broader genetic variability and higher heritability for yield and other desirable traits. Perhaps the biggest advantage of cloning would be in the early commercial exploitation of new genetic materials from introgression programmes of wide intra or inter-specific crosses which would also broaden the genetic base of the commercial plantings to reduce risk of genetic vulnerability to pest, disease and environmental stress debilitation, ensuring sustainability. These considerations would also apply to the alternative cloning strategies of cloning the best parents for clonal hybrid seed production and cloning the progeny embryos or seedlings of the best progenies. These alternative strategies are gaining interest especially the former. Clones are unlikely to supersede hybrid seeds as the dominant oil palm planting material until the amenability and fidelity deficiencies in the tissue culture have been resolved or circumvented and their field performance advantage over concurrent improved hybrids clearly demonstrated.