Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identificação de microRNAs na musculatura esquelética de Gallus gallus

ANDREOTE, A.P.D. Identification of microRNAs from Gallus gallus skeletal muscle. 2009. 87f. Dissertacao (Mestrado) – Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura/Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, 2009. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small and noncoding RNAs, about 20-nucleotides long that negatively regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally. The regulatory action of these molecules is essential for the proper functioning of various biological processes, including the development and maintenance of skeletal muscles. To identify miRNAs that might be important for the skeletal muscle development, we constructed a miRNA library from pectoral skeletal muscle of 21o days after birth chickens. A total of 576 clones were sequenced and these sequences were collapsed into 98 clusters. Sequence analysis identified 47 small RNAs that show significant similarities with published miRNAs, 30 with others noncoding RNAs and six sequences clusters could be identified as potentially novel miRNAs. These data may support subsequent functional studies aimed at understanding the function performed by each of these molecules in skeletal muscle of chicken. To further associate the miRNA presence with the gene expression in the controlling of myogenesis the expression patterns of tree miRNAs identified in the library (miR-125b, miR-221 e miR-206) were analyzed. These miRNAs are involved in the balance between proliferation and differentiation mechanisms that control myogenesis. The expressions of these miRNAs were measured using quantitative RT-PCR. We analyzed samples from two embryos stages (9 and 17 days) and one adult stage (21o days after birth) in two chicken lines with different potential to growth and gain of muscle mass. There were no significant differences between the lines about these miRNAs expression. But, we could predict an overview of these miRNAs expressions during the muscle development of chicken, which allowed inferences about the physiologic and morphologic conditions of the muscles cells in each analyzed stage. Also, to further associate the miRNAs results to variations in the target genes expressions, we analyzed the expression of three genes: SRF, Fstl e Pola1. The first one is target of miR-133a (not analyzed due to methodological problems), and the others are target of miR-206. We analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR different stages and two chicken lines. It was possible to observe, only in the earlier stages, a relationship between the miR-206 expression and the Pola1 and Fstl1 expression, with a consistency between the increased expression of mir-206 and decrease in expression of Pola1 and Fstl1. The determination of the profile of these three gene expressions during the muscle development allowed inferences about the action of these molecules in the balance between proliferation and differentiation process in chicken strains for broiler and layer.
Evaluation of Fitness and Genetic Variation in Aphytis melinus DeBach, an Important Biological Control Agent of Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) in California

Aphytis melinus DeBach is a parasitoid wasp that is used for biological control of California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), in California and other areas of the world. The quality of A. melinus reared in five California insectaries was determined by measuring the sex ratio, size, and percentage of individuals still alive on certain sampling days. All five of the insectaries displayed reduced A. melinus quality and fitness parameters during certain times of the year. Wolbachia , an endosymbiotic bacterium, was also found to cause cytoplasmic incompatibility in A. melinus and associated fitness costs were seen in infected individuals based on longevity and fecundity measurements. Classical biological control has been utilized for decades to help manage pests, but little research has been done on how these introductions alter genetic variation in natural enemies. We developed 10 microsatellites for assessing the genetic variation of and between different populations of A. melinus . The original material used to propagate A. melinus for mass release came from four relatively small collections in Pakistan and India and we sought to determine how much genetic diversity remains in this potentially inbred original colony, in comparison with that found in other captive colonies, California field populations, and in populations from the native range of A. melinus . Not surprisingly, the field samples from Pakistan had the highest average number of alleles per locus and captive colonies the lowest. A number of unique alleles were also found in both Pakistan and California. Lastly, a well-known issue in the field of biological control is the lack of accurate identification of pests and natural enemies. We collected Aphytis lingnanensis Compere in the University of California, Riverside's campus biological control grove, a species that was previously thought to have been competitively excluded from the inland areas of southern California by Aphytis melinus . We also used 28S-D2 and COI sequences to examine the genetic variation and relatedness of Aphytis individuals in native, field-released and captive populations as well as in crossing experiments between the captive populations of A. melinus .
Menyesuaikan Tingkat Kesulitan Permainan menggunakan Algoritma Genetika dengan Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index sebagai Dasar Pengambilan Keputusan untuk Menginterupsi Konvergensi Prematur

Menyesuaikan tingkat kesulitan dengan perilaku pemain pada permainan menjadi penunjang agar pemain tidak berhenti bermain karena permainan yang dirasa terlalu sulit. Algoritma Genetika dapat digunakan sebagai metode untuk penyesuaianya. Metode ini berkerja dengan menyesuaikan tingkat kesulitan permainan sesuai dengan nilai fitness seorang pemain. Sayangnya, jika target nilai fitness mendekati ambang batas maksimal, algoritma ini membutuhkan proses iterasi yang banyak, bahkan memungkinkan terjadinya konvergensi prematur. Konvergensi prematur ini terjadi karena kurangnya keragaman populasi, sehingga nilai fitness minimal yang ditetapkan tidak memungkinkan untuk dicapai. Penelitian ini mencoba menginterupsi konvergensi prematur pada algoritma genetika agar tidak terjadi pengulangan iterasi yang tak berkesudahan dengan menetapkan dan menghitung batas keragamanya menggunakan Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index. Hasilnya, ketika ambang batas keragaman tercapai, nilai fitness saat keadaan itu diambil sebagai nilai paling optimum, sehingga tidak terjadi pengulangan iterasi yang tak berujung. Kata kunci —Konvergensi prematur, algoritma genetika, Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index
Responses of cumin to salt stress

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), a primary seed spice traditionally grown on marginal lands with low fertility is often irrigated with poor quality ground waters. A pot trial was conducted to study the effect on plant performance, nutrient uptake and leaf metabolism at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 dS m - 1 levels of saline irrigation water. Salinity levels at and above 8 dS m - 1 significantly reduced seed yield, nutrient uptake and levels of most of the leaf metabolites such as total chlorophyll, starch and soluble protein. Nitrate reductase activity, however, was most sensitive to salt stress. The detrimental effects of increasing salinity on plant water status and metabolism were generally more pronounced at the flowering than at the vegetative stage. Salinity induced high accumulation of sodium and changes in K : Na ratio seem to cause derangement in growth and metabolism of cumin plants.
Diversity-Oriented Synthesis: Basics and Applications in Organic Synthesis, Drug Discovery, and Chemical Biology

Diversity-oriented synthesis is a new paradigm for developing large collections of structurally diverse small molecules as probes to investigate biological pathways. This book presents the most effective methods in diversity-oriented synthesis for creating small molecule collections. It offers tested and proven strategies for developing diversity-oriented synthetic libraries and screening methods for identifying ligands. Lastly, it explores some promising new applications based on diversity-oriented synthesis that have the potential to dramatically advance studies in drug discovery and chemical biology.
Wojnowicia viburni, sp. nov., from China and its phylogenetic placement.

Your article appeared in Sydowia published by Verlag Berger, Horn, and is protected by copyright, This author’s copy is for personal internal non-commercial use only. It may be shared with colleagues but shall not be self-archived in electronic repositories unless the open access fee is settled. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, selling, licensing cop-ies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. If you need further informa-tion please contact:Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Sohne Ges.m. b.H. , Wiener Strase 21–23, A-3580 Horn, Austria. www.verlag-berger.at
Effect of Pinching and Paclobutrazol Application on Plant Growth, Yield and Quality of African Marigold cv. Pusa Narangi

In India marigold ranks first among the loose flowers followed by chrysanthemum, jasmine and tuberose. Marigold [Tageres erecta (L.) Asteraceae] in India has high demand because of it’s orange to mahogary red coloured flowers, which are used for garland market, decoration in religious and social functions. The aromatic oil extracted from marigold is called as “tagetes oil”. It is used in preparation of high grade perfumes. It is native of south and central America. The genus Tagetes comprises about 33 species. In African marigold, apical dominance plays a crucial role in accelerating axillary branches and flower production. Its plants first grow upward to their final height and after the formation of flower buds, axillary buds develops into branches which also bear flowers. However, if apical portion of shoot is pinched early, large number of axillary shoots International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 1 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
A Time Series Modelling and Forecasting of Irrigated Area under Major Crops in India using ARIMA Models

Agriculture is the most important sector of Indian economy, where more than 58% of population depends on agriculture. It is the backbone of Indian economy. Water is a necessary element for successful agriculture. Irrigation practices in agriculture have made a major contribution to food production and food security throughout the world: without irrigation much of the impressive growth in agricultural productivity over the last 50 years could not have been achieved. Development of irrigation source encourages the supply of water with favourable effect on the agricultural growth. Increase in agricultural production and productivity largely depends on the availability of water and that availability of water mainly fulfilled by south west monsoon in Indian subcontinent. The International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 12 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Morphological and molecular concordance for the recognition of two species in the New Zealand Polystichum richavdii (Hook.)

The New Zealand fern Polystichum ri chardii is shown to comprise at least two evolution ary lineages. A narrow-scaled morphological form and a wide-scaled morphological form are recog nised. Principal Component Analysis of a set of frond, soral and spore characters supports this morphological separation. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) DNA fingerprinting shows that the two morphological forms are also genetically distinct. They are sympatric across a broad area of central New Zealand, and often grow together without apparent ecological separation at the local level. Both are known to form sterile
High levels of mild to moderate depression among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Lima, Peru: implications for integrated depression and HIV care

ABSTRACT Depression disproportionally affects people at risk of acquiring or living with HIV and is associated with worse health outcomes; however, depression care is not routinely integrated with HIV prevention and treatment services. Selection of the best depression intervention(s) for integration depends both on the prevalence and severity of depression among potential users. To inform depression care integration in a community-based setting in Lima, Peru, we retrospectively analyzed routinely collected depression screening data from men who have sex with men and transgender women seeking HIV prevention and care services (N = 185). Depression was screened for using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Prevalence of any depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) was 42% and was significantly associated with the last sexual partner being “casual” (p = 0.01). Most (81%) depressive symptoms were mild to moderate (≥5 PHQ-9 ≤ 14). Integrating depression care with HIV prevention and treatment services in Peru should begin by implementing interventions targeting mild to moderate depression.
No Genotoxicity Is Detectable for Escherichia coli Strain Nissle 1917 by Standard In Vitro and In Vivo Tests

Probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) has a long history of safe use. However, the recently discovered presence of a pks locus in its genome presumably producing colibactin has questioned its safety, as colibactin has been implicated in genotoxicity. Here, we assess the genotoxic potential of EcN. Metabolic products were tested in vitro by the Ames test, a mutagenicity assay developed to detect point mutation-inducing activity. Live EcN were tested by an adapted Ames test. Neither the standard nor the adapted Ames test resulted in increased numbers of revertant colonies, indicating that EcN metabolites or viable cells lacked mutagenic activity. The in vivo Mammalian Alkaline Comet Assay (the gold standard for detecting DNA-strand breaks) was used to determine potentially induced DNA-strand breaks in cells of the gastro-intestinal tract of rats orally administered with viable EcN. Bacteria were given at 109–1011 colony forming units (CFU) per animal by oral gavage on 2 consecutive days and daily for a period of 28 days to 5 rats per group. No significant differences compared to negative controls were found. These results demonstrate that EcN does not induce DNA-strand breaks and does not have any detectable genotoxic potential in the test animals.
Image reflection removal using end-to-end convolutional neural network

Single image reflection removal is an ill-posed problem. To solve this problem, this study develops a network structure based on a deep encoder-decoder RRnet. Unlike most deep learning strategies applied in this context, the authors find that redundant information increases the difficulty of predicting images on the network; thus, the proposed method uses mixed reflection image cascaded edges as input to the network. The proposed network structure is divided into two parts: the first part is a deep convolutional encoder-decoder network. Its function uses the mixed reflection image and the target edge as input to predict the target layer. The second part is an identical encoder-decoder network structure. Its function uses the mixed reflection image and the reflection edge as input to predict the image reflection layer. In addition, the authors use joint loss to optimise the network model. To train the neural network, they also create an image dataset for reflection removal, which includes a true mixed reflection image and a synthetic mixed reflection image. They use four evaluation indicators to evaluate the proposed method and the other six methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to previous methods.
Evaluation of weed changes according to different fertilization management systems, through phytosociological analyzes in lettuce and carrot

The population dynamics of weeds due to different fertilization management systems is essential in the agricultural areas for the understanding of their interference and possible damages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different fertilization management systems on the weed community through phytosociological analyzes in lettuce and carrot crops grown in succession. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with eight treatments and four replications in each plant, following the same experimental layout. The treatments, referring to different management of fertilization were: Conventional; With Weeds; No Weeds; Compound; Crotalaria; Crotalaria more Compound; Lab-Lab and Lab-Lab + Compound. During cultivataion of lettuce and carrot, we collected more than 3,000 weed specimens, representing 25 species distributed in 11 families, 88% dicotyledonous and 22% monocotyledonous. The weed families with the highest value of importance in all stages of collection were Asteraceae, Brassicaceae and Poaceae. The most representative species in the area were Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus L. , Galinsoga parviflora, Richardia brasiliensis, Oxalis latifolia, Cynodon dactylon and Conyza canadensis. The different forms of fertilization and use of cover crops were able to promote changes in the weed community and decrease in the population density during the experimental period. The treatments contributed to reduce the daily amplitudes of thermal and water changes and the incidence of sunlight on the surface layer of the soil, delaying the emergence of these weeds and contributing to other soil benefits inherent to the use of each type of fertilization.
Keys to the genera of Annonaceae

Identification keys are provided for all genera currently recognized in Annonaceae. Separate keys are presented for the Neotropics (34 genera), Africa-Madagascar (40 genera) and Asia-Australasia (42 genera). These keys are based on a combination of vegetative and fertile characters. (c) 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 7483.
Genetic Divergence for Yield, Physiological and Quality Traits in Super-Early Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan. (l.) Millsp.)

The present investigation aimed to study genetic divergence and clustering pattern of 37super-early pigeon pea genotypes. Analysis of variance and hierarchical cluster analysis of tocher’s method revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits under study. Based on genetic distance (D2 value), the 37 genotypes were grouped into 9 distinctive clusters, of which cluster I and II formed the largest clusters with 10 genotypes in each. Among all the characters understudy, leaf area index(LAI) at 60 DAS contributed more to the divergence followed by leaf area (17.02) and leaf area index (12.71) at maturity. Based on the average inter-cluster distance, the cluster III and IX (66.93) tailed by cluster III and VIII (64.86) and cluster VI and VIII (64.06) showed higher inter-cluster distance depicting the wider divergence. Trait-wise selection of diverse parents from the above clusters aids in exploitation of heterosis in superearly pigeon pea.
Bioassay Studies for Testing Toxicity of Novel Insecticides against Helicoverpa armigera (H.)

Bioassay helps in ascertaining the potency and relative toxicity of different insecticides. The bioassay methods commonly employed to insect toxicity evaluations are topical application by Potter’s tower, injection method, leaf dip, contact or residue film method etc. The LC50 values serve as a ready reckoner for the selection of insecticides to work out strategy for the management of insect pest under field conditions. Also, such baseline data would provide a record for detecting resistance level of the insect pests to various insecticides at different periods. The cotton bollworm H. armigera, continues to maintain a high pest status in India where Bioassay studies were conducted in the Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to determine the relative toxicity of selected novel insecticides viz., chlorfluazuron, chlorantraniliprole, spinetoram, indoxacarb, emamectin benzoate and spinosad against second instar larvae of H.armigera by topical application, residue method and surface diet method. The data on the toxicity of insecticides to H. armigera, clearly indicated that among the six insecticides tested against the second instar, irrespective of the method of application, spinetoram, indoxacarb and spinosad showed greater toxicity compared to chlorfluazuron, chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate. While in the latter three insecticides, the toxicity to H. armigera was comparatively higher in topical application than other methods although in case of emamectin benzoate it was almost similar with surface diet method. K e y w o r d s
Fate of autochthonous and fecal bacteria in marine ecosystems

Usually, the rate of disappearance of fecal bacteria in natural aquatic ecosystems is followed by the plate count method. When released in seawater, fecal bacteria enter a viable but non culturable state so that plate count method does not seem to be a suitable method for studying mortality of fecal bacteria. A method, which consists in following the disappearance of radioactive tracer from bacterial DNA of super(3)H-thymidine labelled natural assemblages of bacteria, has been proposed for measuring the mortality rate of autochthonous bacteria in aquatic ecosystems. A slight modification of this method allows its application to the study of the mortality of fecal bacteria in natural aquatic ecosystems. Mortality rates of autochthonous bacteria and Escherichia coli in the Belgian coastal zone of the North Sea have been compared.
The Microscopic and Molecular Detections of Canine Ehrlichiosis

The applications of molecular detection using nested PCR and the routine microscopic examination of ehrlichiosis were applied to 43 clinically affected dogs residing in Bangkok and Samutraprakarn. This study, performed in 2005-2006, has determined that 79.5% (31/39) of the buffy coat smears were having the ehrlichial morulae plus initial bodies found in monocytes and lymphocytes. The nested PCR was used to confirm the occurrence of ehrlichiosis after tested by morulae identification. Both tests demonstrated that neither Ehrlichia chaffeensis nor E. ewingii, the zoonotic agents of human, were found in this area. However, the prevalence of E. canis alone detected by nested PCR and microscopy was at the rate of 65.12% (28/43). Having a lower number of microscopic morulae (33.33% or 13/39) than that of the initial bodies (72.09% or 31/43), the identification of initial bodies was subsequently taken into account for another factor for disease detection. The detection of initial body in the circulating blood of dogs had brought the sensitivity of the test to equalize the power of molecular identification. However, the nested PCR is still a method of choice to specifically determine ehrlichial infection and it has shown the strong association between thrombocytopenia and the infection of E. canis.
Kinetic Modeling for Quality Prediction During Kimchi Fermentation

This study was conducted to develop the fermentation kinetic model for the prediction of acidity and pH changes in Kimchi as a function of fermentation temperatures. The fitness of the model was evaluated using traditional two-step method and an alternative non-linear regression method. The changes in acidity and pH during fermentation followed the pattern of the first order reaction of a two-step method. As the fermentation temperature increased from 4℃ to 28℃, the reaction rates of acidity and pH were increased 8.4 and 7.6 times. respectively. The activation energies of acidity and pH were 16.125 and 16.003kcal/mole. The average activation energies of acidity and pH using a non-linear method were 16.006 by the first order and 15.813 kcal/mole by the zero order, respectively. The non-linear procedure had better fitting to experimental data of the acidity and pH than two-step method. The shelf-lives based on the time to reach the 1.0% of acidity were 33.1 day at 4℃ and 2.8 day at 28℃.