Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Over-The-Air (OTA) Testing 5G Wirelesses Communications Systems

The need for high data-rate, reliable and low latency transmission in wireless communication systems motivated a multitude of wireless standards, spanning from 3G-4G, WLAN to the upcoming fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks. In this context, technology providers, as well as operators, need to develop accurate and cost effective standard test methods, to evaluate devices performance. Over-The-Air (OTA) test methodologies aim to reproduce radio multipath environments in laboratory in repeatable and controllable manner, avoiding costly field test. The focus of this paper is on multi-probe anechoic chamber approach. Section II is devoted to describe the setup of the testing methodologies. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Multi-probe Over-the-air is the methodology selected for 5G systems.
Teacher Evaluation, Ambitious Mathematics Instruction, and Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching: Evidence from Early-Career Teachers

Teacher evaluation policies have been central to policy efforts to enhance teaching quality. At the same time, ambitious mathematics instruction has been emphasized by teacher education programs as well as by the Common Core State Standards. Drawing on observation and survey data from early-career teachers, this study examines how teachers’ perceived pressure of teacher evaluation policies shape their ambitious mathematics instruction. We found that teachers who perceived a strong pressure of teacher evaluation on their instructional practices tended to move further away from enacting ambitious mathematics instruction. Moreover, the negative association between the pressure of teacher evaluation and ambitious instruction was stronger for teachers with a high level of mathematical knowledge for teaching.
The Impacts of cloud condensation nuclei on the extreme precipitation of a monsoon coastal mesoscale convection system

This study investigates the impacts of different types of Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) on the extreme of precipitation and updraft (above the 99 th percentile threshold) of a mesoscale convection system occurred over the southwest coast of Taiwan Island under the moist southwesterly monsoon environment using cloud-permitting simulations. The convection system over the Taiwan Strait was observed during the SoWMEX/TiMREX IOP#8 in 2008. Simulations with the maritime type (clean) and the continental type (polluted) CCN are carried out and compared. The polluted simulation exhibits stronger extreme precipitation and updraft. The stronger extreme precipitation is associated with the enhanced size of snow and graupel. The enhanced latent heat release from faster diffusion growth of cloud drops contributes to stronger extreme updraft in the polluted simulation. With smaller rain evaporation rate, cold pool is weaker in the polluted simulation, which also leads to a more opti-mized convection structure and enhanced extreme updraft. The current results high-light the potential impacts of aerosol loadings on the extreme rainfall of monsoon coastal convection through microphysical, thermodynamics, and dynamical effects.
An Agent-Based Simulation Approach for Evaluating the Performance of On-Demand Bus Services

On-demand multi-passenger shared transport options are increasingly being promoted as an influential strategy to reduce traffic congestion and emissions and improve the convenience and travel experience for passengers. These services, often referred to as on-demand public transport, are aimed at meeting personal travel demands through the use of shared vehicles that run on flexible routes using advanced tools for dynamic scheduling. This paper presents an agent-based traffic simulation model that was developed to evaluate the performance of on-demand public transport and compare it with existing scheduled bus services using a case study of the inner city of Melbourne in Australia. The key performance measures used in the comparative evaluation included quality of service and passenger experience in terms of waiting times, the efficiency of service and operations in terms of hourly vehicle utilization, and system efficiency in terms of trip completion rates, passenger kilometers travelled and total passenger trip times. The results showed significant benefits for passengers who use on-demand bus services compared to scheduled bus services. The on-demand bus service was found to reduce average total passenger waiting times by 89% during the Morning Peak; by 78% during the Mid-Day period; by 81% during the Afternoon Peak; and by more than 95% during other periods of the day. From an operator’s perspective, the on-demand services were found to achieve around 70% vehicle utilization rates during peak hours compared to a utilization rate not exceeding 16% for the scheduled bus services. Even during off-peak periods, the occupancies for on-demand services were almost twice the vehicle occupancies for scheduled bus services. In terms of system efficiency, the on-demand services achieved a trip completion rate of 85% compared to a trip completion rate of 67% for the scheduled bus services. The total passenger-kilometers travelled was similar for both scheduled and on-demand bus services, which refutes claims that on-demand bus services induce more kilometers of travel. The trip completion times were around 55% shorter for on-demand bus services compared to scheduled services, which represents a significant saving in travel time for users. Finally, the paper presents average emissions per completed trip for both types of services and shows a significant reduction in emissions for on-demand services compared to conventional bus services. These include, on average, a 48% reduction in CO2 emissions per trip; 82% reduction in NO emissions per trip; and 41% reduction in p.m. 10 emissions per trip. These findings clearly demonstrate the superior benefits of on-demand bus services compared to scheduled bus services.
FATTY ACID PROFILE OF FROZEN FILLETS OF COBIA (Rachycentron canadum) STUNNED BY ELECTRONARCOSIS

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da insensibilizacao por eletronarcose em bijupiras (Rachycentron canadum) sobre o perfil de acidos graxos em files armazenados em congelamento. Foram utilizadas as voltagens de 50, 100 e 150 volts por 120 segundos, e apos a insensibilizacao foi realizada a sangria e o armazenamento a -18 °C durante 180 dias. Foram analisados 47 acidos graxos em amostras de file do bijupira. Ocorreram diferencas significativas (p 0,05) entre os tratamentos, no entanto para os tempos de estocagem e seus desdobramentos foram observadas diferencas significativas. Para a razao H/H (Ʃ acidos graxos hipocolesterolemicos/Ʃ acidos graxos hipercolesterolemicos), ocorreram variacoes, mas nao foram observadas diferencas (p>0,05), mas sim entre os tempos de estocagem e seus desdobramentos. De maneira geral, as intensidades de choque eletrico utilizadas para insensibilizacao do bijupira nao promoveram diferencas durante a estocagem congelada dos files, na maioria das variaveis analisadas, no entanto, a avaliacao do tempo de estocagem dentro dos tratamentos utilizados foi significativa, notando-se perda de qualidade da carne com o passar do tempo.
AFLP Analysis of Trichoderma spp. from India Compared with Sequence and Morphological‐based Diagnostics

Trichoderma species offer considerable potential for controlling aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and other crops. Initial classification of 48 Trichoderma isolates, derived from four different groundnut cultivation sites in India was based on alignment of 28S rDNA sequences to GenBank sequences of ex-type strains. This was found to be substantially more reliable than our routine morphological characterization, but did not provide a comprehensive diagnostic solution, as unique single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotypes could not be identified for all species. However, all the Trichoderma isolates could be readily distinguished by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, based on six primer pair combinations, which generated 234 polymorphic bands. In addition, individual AFLP bands were identified which differentiate closely related species. Similarly, AFLP bands were identified that correlated with different types of antagonism to Aspergillus flavus. The implications of these results for the development of simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic assays for antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma is discussed.
Influence of Turbidity on Brook Trout Reactive Distance and Foraging Success

Abstract Past research has focused on the effects of sediment action on stream morphology and the habitat of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis. Throughout the Appalachian Mountains, the watersheds in which brook trout reside are being influenced by timber harvesting and related road construction. Although these streams may have gradients steep enough to prevent deleterious sediment deposition, elevated stream turbidity is nevertheless common. An understanding of the sublethal effects of increased sedimentation and turbidity is essential to further our knowledge of the effects of increased sediment loading on stream fish production and how these effects differ among species living in sympatry. The specific objectives of this study were to determine (1) the effects of turbidity on the reactive distance of brook trout, (2) how turbidity affects encounter rates between brook trout and their prey, and (3) how turbidity affects brook trout's foraging success. We used videographic techniques to study brook trout.
Deep Docking: A Deep Learning Platform for Augmentation of Structure Based Drug Discovery

Drug discovery is a rigorous process that requires billion dollars of investments and decades of research to bring a molecule “from bench to a bedside”. While virtual docking can significantly accelerate the process of drug discovery, it ultimately lags the current rate of expansion of chemical databases that already exceed billions of molecular records. This recent surge of small molecules availability presents great drug discovery opportunities, but also demands much faster screening protocols. In order to address this challenge, we herein introduce Deep Docking (DD), a novel deep learning platform that is suitable for docking billions of molecular structures in a rapid, yet accurate fashion. The DD approach utilizes quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) deep models trained on docking scores of subsets of a chemical library to approximate the docking outcome for yet unprocessed entries and, therefore, to remove unfavorable molecules in an iterative manner. The use of DD methodology in conjunction with the FRED docking program allowed rapid and accurate calculation of docking scores for 1.36 billion molecules from the ZINC15 library against 12 prominent target proteins and demonstrated up to 100-fold data reduction and 6000-fold enrichment of high scoring molecules (without notable loss of favorably docked entities). The DD protocol can readily be used in conjunction with any docking program and was made publicly available.
Calibration of an Airborne Interferometric Radar Altimeter over the Qingdao Coast Sea, China

Calibration/Validation (Cal/Val) of satellite altimeters is fundamental for monitoring onboard sensor performance and ensuring long-term data quality. As altimeter technology has been evolving rapidly from profile to wide swath and interferometric altimetry, different requirements regarding Cal/Val have emerged. Most current Cal/Val technology has been developed for conventional profile altimeters, whereby satellite observations are compared against measurements at one point along orbit lines. However, the application of this type of Cal/Val technique to swath interferometric altimeters with two-dimensional measurements is difficult. Here, we propose a new strategy for the evaluation of interferometric altimeters based on comparison of wave-induced sea surface elevation (WSSE) spectra from one- and two-dimensional measurements. This method assumes that the WSSE variance of an equilibrium wave field is uniform and can be measured equivalently in the space or time domains. The method was first tested with simulated data and then used to evaluate the performance of an airborne interferometric radar altimeter system (AIRAS) using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) buoy measurements. The differences between the WSSE variances from the AIRAS and two GNSS buoys were below 8 cm2, corresponding to a standard deviation of 2.8 cm, which could serve as a reference for the WSSE error over the scale range of waves. The correlation coefficient between the AIRAS and GNSS buoys was approximately 0.90, indicating that the error was small relative to the WSSE signals. In addition, the sea surface height (SSH) difference measured by the AIRAS was compared with that derived from the GNSS buoys at two sites. The results indicated that the error of the SSH difference was 3 cm. This approach represents a possible technique for the Cal/Val of future spaceborne/airborne interferometric altimeters; however, additional experiments and applications are needed to verify the feasibility of this method.
Effect of Dietary Cation Anion Difference on Buffalo Performance during Summer

Abstract Influence of -110, +110, +220 and +330 mEq/kg dry matter (DM) of dietary cation anion difference (DCAD) on performance of early lactating Nili Ravi buffaloes was examined in a randomized complete block design during summer. Four DCAD levels were randomly allotted to four groups, three buffaloes in each group. A linear increase in nutrients and water intakes were recorded with increasing the DCAD level. A significant increase in blood pH and HCO3 was noticed with increasing DCAD level. Serum (Na + K) - (Cl + S) increased linearly with increasing the DCAD level while high serum chloride was noticed in buffaloes fed -110 DCAD diet. The serum calcium increased significantly with decreasing the DCAD level while serum magnesium and phosphorus remained unaffected. Urine pH increased significantly with increasing DCAD level. Higher serum cortisol was notices in buffaloes fed -110 than those fed +330 mEq/kg. A linear increase in milk yield was also noticed with increasing the DCAD level. Milk fat% increased significantly with increasing the DCAD while all other milk constituents remained unaltered. Buffaloes fed high DCAD diets had higher conception rate and less services per conception than those fed low DCAD diets.
Determinants of Breast Cancer screening: Application of Protection Motivation Theory

BackgroundBreast cancer is a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries. The mortality rates of this disease are due to the lack of awareness about screening methods and late detection of breast cancer, which is high in Iran.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine breast self-examination (BSE) behaviors applying protection motivation theory (PMT). MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, the multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to 410 women aged 40 - 65 years old in Tehran, Iran. The questionnaire was completed through self-reported for each of the participants. PMT theoretical variables and BSE behavior are the basis of the data collection procedure. All analyses were performed using SPSS 20 for the windows. One-way ANOVA, chi-Square test, Independent Samples t-test, logistic regression, and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied. We set 0.05 as a criterion for statistical significance.ResultsThe results indicated there were significant and positive correlations between the knowledge about breast cancer and self-efficacy of practicing BSE (r = 0.43, P < 0.001), response efficacy (r = 0.20, P < 0.001), and protection motivation (r = 0.25, P = 0.003). ConclusionsHealthcare providers may consider PMT as a framework for developing educational interventions aiming at improving women’s BSE behavior.
A conservation plan for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a region with intensive industrial use of aquatic habitats, the Hardangerfjord, western Norway

Abstract Extensive use of aquatic habitats, mainly for hydropower and aquaculture, has a negative impact on anadromous salmonid populations of the Hardangerfjord region, western Norway. High infection levels of salmon lice, and high proportions of escaped farmed salmon in spawning rivers, appear to violate the goals in the ‘Strategy for an Environmentally Sustainable Aquaculture Industry’ set by the Norwegian government. An overview of the anadromous populations in the fjord, their status and the major threats are presented. A conservation plan with mitigation efforts consisting of seven steps is presented: (1) genetic assessment of Atlantic salmon and anadromous brown trout populations, (2) reducing gene flow from escapees, (3) reducing infection pressure from salmon lice, (4) conduct an assessment of the freshwater habitats for anadromous salmonids and then implement it in order to restore smolt production, (5) efforts to reduce risk of river pollution from agriculture and industry and minimize impacts from hydropower production, (6) when and where necessary and practical, plant out eyed eggs from the Norwegian Genebank to increase parr and smolt production, and finally, (7) monitor spawning populations and parr densities to evaluate potential effects of the mitigation efforts. Experience and knowledge gained through the plan will be useful for other regions with similar challenges. We call for an initiative to establish a national fund under democratic and public control, where funding can be obtained for projects which focus on mitigation efforts and conservation of salmonid populations.
Malicious JavaScript Detection Based on Bidirectional LSTM Model

JavaScript has been widely used on the Internet because of its powerful features, and almost all the websites use it to provide dynamic functions. However, these dynamic natures also carry potential risks. The authors of the malicious scripts started using JavaScript to launch various attacks, such as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Cross-site Request Forgery (CSRF), and drive-by download attack. Traditional malicious script detection relies on expert knowledge, but even for experts, this is an error-prone task. To solve this problem, many learning-based methods for malicious JavaScript detection are being explored. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based method for malicious JavaScript detection. In order to extract semantic information from JavaScript programs, we construct the Program Dependency Graph (PDG) and generate semantic slices, which preserve rich semantic information and are easy to transform into vectors. Then, a malicious JavaScript detection model based on the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) neural network is proposed. Experimental results show that, in comparison with the other five methods, our model achieved the best performance, with an accuracy of 97.71% and an F1-score of 98.29%.
Effects of combined plyometric and speed
training on change of direction, linear speed, and repeated sprint
ability in young soccer players

It has been well established that plyometric and speed training have positive impacts on fitness parameters in soccer players. The aim of this study was to compare short-term effects of a combined plyometric and speed training implemented on the same or separate days of a week on change of direction (COD), linear speed (LS), and repeated sprint ability (RSA) in young soccer players. Twenty-four male players from the same U19 soccer team were distributed into one control group (CG; n=7, soccer training only) and two experimental groups performing plyometric and speed exercises on the same (CDG; n=8) or separate days (CWG; n=9) during a 6-week preparation period. Very likely moderate within-group COD improvements were observed in the CDG (ES -0.94 [-1.47 to -0.41]) and CWG (ES -0.97 [-1.52 to -0.42]) groups. Possibly small within-group RSA improvements were also observed in the CWG (ES -0.24[-0.64 to 0.16]) and CDG (ES -0.31 [-0.79 to 0.17]) groups. CWG and CDG groups showed possibly small (ES -0.28 [-0.62 to 0.06]) and very likely moderate (ES -0.80 [-1.28 to -0.32]) within-group LS improvements following the intervention, respectively. In between group analysis, a likely moderate (ES 0.71 [0.03 to 1.39]) greater LS improvement was observed in the CDG group than in the CWG group. I t is suggested to supplement normal soccer training with combined plyometric and speed exercises to improve COD, LS, and RSA performance and to implement these exercises in the same session to improve LS with a greater effect.
Features of Social Play in 8- to 11-Year-Olds in China: Exploring Children’s Own Perspectives

This paper presents a small-scale exploratory study investigating social play among 8- to 11-year-old Chinese children. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with six self-selected pairs of children in six natural settings (two homes, two parks, and two playgrounds). Children’s responses to the interview questions and their spontaneous play activities during the interview were audio-recorded and analysed thematically based on transcription. Pretend play and games with rules were found to be two popular types of social play among these children. Three features of social play activities were identified: combination of real-life elements and creation, combination of variation and consistency, and combination of conflicts and compromises. According to children’s own perspectives, being appropriately challenged, being fair, and having autonomy were important for them during play. Children also reported positive emotions during play and negative emotions when not having opportunity to play. Limitations and implications of the study are discussed.
Amylose is not Strictly Linear

Amyloses from selected corn starches were used to measure the glucoses involved in the branching points. The number of glucose α 1,6 glycosidically linked were determined by two different methods: 1) The enzymatic one measures directly quantiatively and specifically the glucoses α, 1,6 linked. 2) The other, a chemical one that measures the different n-methylated glucoses involved in the terminal, α 1,4 linked and α1,6 linked positions. The results obtained through both methodologies clearly indicate a good correlation. Amylose is not linear. It has very small proportion of branches and they are α1,6 glycosidically linked. Amylose ist nicht strikt linear. Amylosen von ausgewahlten Maisstarken wurden zur Messung der in Verzweigungspunkten enthaltenen Glucosen verwendet. Die Anzahl an Glucosen, die α-1,6-glykosidisch vernetzt waren, wurde durch zwei verschiedene Methoden bestimmt: 1) Die enzymatischen mist direkt quantitativ und spezifisch die α-1,6-verbundenen Glucosen, 2) die andere, eine chemische Methode, bestimmt die verschiedenen n-methylierten Glucosen, involviert in den therminulen α-1,4- und α-1,6-gebundenen Positionen. Die durch beide Methodologien erhaltenen Ergebnisse weisen eindeutig eine gute Korrelation auf. Amylose ist nicht linear. Sie hat einen geringen Anteil an Verzweigungen, und diese sind α-1,6-glysidisch verbunden.
CYCLIC REPRODUCTION, SEX DETERMINATION AND DEPRESSION IN THE CLADOCERA

1. The two series of observations on Cladocera showing (a) that a state of depression produced by unfavourable external conditions in Daphnia females kept in cultures causes a change from parthenogenetic to gamogenetic propagation, and (b) that gamogenesis in nature is accompanied by a state of depression in the populations in question, go to prove the correctness of the hypothesis that in nature the transition from parthenogenesis to gamogenesis is caused by the influence of unfavourable external conditions. Unfavourable external conditions cause states of depression in the females and thereby the change in the mode of reproduction and so also a change in sex determination. (Section II.)