Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping of nutrient regulating ecosystem service supply and demand on different scales in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

This study deals with one of the regulating ecosystem services, nutrient regulation. In order to guarantee sustainable land management, it is of great relevance to gain spatial information on this ecosystem service. Unsustainable land management with regard to nutrient regulation may, for example, result in eutrophication which has been identified as a major threat for the environmental state of our water bodies. In the first step of research, the potential supplies and demands of/for nutrient regulation were assessed and mapped at two different spatial scales: The German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein (regional scale) and the Bornhöved Lakes District (local scale). The assessment was undertaken for nitrogen, as an exemplary nutrient. Subsequently, potential supply and demand, combined with the nitrate leaching potential and the groundwater nitrate concentration, were incorporated into a correlation analysis. The data was statistically analysed with varying pre-processing and spatial resolutions. The statistical analysis reveals that large scale data with low resolution leads to more uncertain results. Decreasing the spatial scale and increasing the resolution of the data through a spatially more explicit assessment, leads to ‡,§ ‡,| § § © Bicking S et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. more explicit results. It is striking that the study reveals a spatial mismatch between the potential supply and demand for the ecosystem service nutrient regulation, which denotes unsustainable land management in the study areas.
Individual Performance after Success and Failure - A Natural Experiment

The main goal of our study is to analyze how success and failure in crucial situations affect subsequent individual performance. Our study is based on evidence from a natural experiment of NBA (National Basketball Association) players: Based on play-by-play statistics of NBA games in 10 seasons (1818 observations of 345 sportsmen), we identify players who are responsible for the overtime by taking the last shot of the game. Players who miss the shot when the game is tied perform better in overtime than in the last quarter (within-subject comparison) but not significantly different to their game and season averages. Players who score the equalizer in the last shot of the regular game perform substantially worse in overtime compared to their 4th quarter performance as well as compared to their game and season averages. Yet the average performances in overtime of both groups do not differ significantly (between-subject comparison). We conclude that success in crucial situations leads to lower subsequent individual performance. Psychological explanations for this phenomenon, e.g. the role of overconfidence, are discussed. We argue that our findings can be transferred to behavior after success or failure in business settings since we have distinct identifications of performance and responsibility: the observed overtimes are clear and immediate outcomes of the last shots of our analyzed players; without their success or failure, the game would have been over after regular time.
Precipitation Characteristics on Weather Radar Images And Application In Z-R Relationship of Wuhan City

Comprehensive and systematic understanding of precipitation characteristics on weather radar image is critical in the application of weather radar. Relevant research needs to be carried out further for Wuhan City, a typical megacity in China. In this paper, firstly, we analyzed the variation of precipitation system from 1961 to 2020. Then, considering the characteristics of precipitation system on radar echo images, precipitation clouds were divided into four categories, namely stratiform cloud, convective cloud, mixed cloud precipitation dominated by stratiform clouds, and mixed cloud precipitation dominated by convective clouds. Moreover, 113 typical precipitation cases from 2005 to 2006 were selected, and precipitation characteristics on weather radar was explored. Finally, new Z-R relationship expressions for four types of precipitation clouds were established, using optimization method. The results show that, 1) the precipitation system is complex in the study area, and extreme precipitation occurs frequently; 2) the new Z-R relationship expression of different cloud types can improve radar rain estimation with the correlation coefficient of 0.6~0.9, compared to 0.4 of the traditional expression, thus to provide more reliable radar precipitation in study area.
Diversity of Recommendation with Considering Data Similarity among Different Types of Contents

Recommendation methods have important objectives of accuracy and diversity but the traditional researches have been mainly focused on the accuracy of recommendation in terms of quality. At present, the diversity of recommendation is also important to people in terms of quantity in addition to quality since people’s desire for content consumption have been stronger rapidly than past. In this paper, we pay attention to similarity of data gathered simultaneously among different types of contents. With this motivation, we propose an enhanced recommendation method using correlation analysis with considering data similarity between two types of contents which are movie and music. Specifically, we regard folksonomy tags for music as correlated data of genres for movie even though they are different attributes depend on their contents. That is, we make result of new recommendation movie items through mapping music folksonomy tags to movie genres in addition to the recommendation items from the typical collaborative filtering. We evaluate effectiveness of our method by experiments with real data set. As the result of experimentation, we found that the diversity of recommendation could be extended by considering data similarity between music contents and movie contents. 
The use of barley as single ingredient in the diet provided during the finishing period may improve the meat quality of heavy pigs from PO Teruel ham (Spain)

Se usaron un total de 32 cerdos Duroc �~ (Large White �~ Landrace), todos machos castrados, de 86,6 kg de peso vivo (PV) para estudiar el efecto de la dieta de acabado (control o cebada granulada) sobre los rendimientos productivos, la calidad de la carne y los costes de produccion. El pienso control consistia en una dieta comercial y la dieta con cebada granulada era un pienso compuesto unicamente por cebada granulada. Los animales se alojaron en departamentos en grupos de dos (ocho replicas por tratamiento) y se sacrificaron cuando alcanzaron 130 kg PV. Todos los animales recibieron el mismo manejo y alimentacion antes del comienzo del ensayo. Los cerdos que comieron cebada granulada tuvieron mayor (P < 0,01) conversion alimenticia pero menores costes por kg de PV (P < 0,001) y por kg de canal (P < 0,01) que los que comieron pienso control. El contenido en grasa intramuscular del musculo Longissimus dorsi tendio a ser mayor (P = 0,07) y mostro mayor contenido (P < 0,01) en C18:1n-9 y acidos grasos monoinsaturados y menor (P < 0,05) en C17:0, C17:1, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, C20:3n-9, �°n-6, �°n-3 y acidos grasos poliinsaturados en los cerdos que comieron cebada granulada que en los cerdos control. Se concluye que el uso de cebada granulada como unico ingrediente en la dieta de cerdos en la fase de acabado puede incrementar el contenido en grasa intramuscular, de C18:1n-9 en dicha grasa y algunos parametros relacionados con el color de la carne.
Outcome and mortality analysis in complicated parapneumonic effusion and empyema

Background: Pleural infection is a clinical problem with high mortality and morbidity; 20% of patients with empyema die and approximately 20% require surgery to recover within 12 months of their infection. Studies on pleural infection and their outcome are relevant in developing a scoring system by which failing cases and cases at risk of death can be identified. Methods: The study is retrospective analysis of patient cohort admitted to the tertiary care institute from the period of July 2014 to July 2016 to determine the prognostic factors in the outcome of pleural space infection. The study included all complex, complicated parapneumonic effusion and empyema including tuberculosis above the age of fifteen years. The primary end of the present study was the success or failure. Possible predicting factors for the success or failure of therapy were assessed against this end. Pearson chi square test, χ2 (Fisher’s exact test when needed) test was used for discrete data. Logistic regression analysis was applied to adjust for confounding variables to assess the possible predicting factors. Survival plot and analysis using Kaplan Meier method was used. Results: 220 with parapneumonic effusion and empyema were analyzed. Successful outcome was seen in 107 and 113 had failed outcome. Mortality was 30.50%. By logistic regression method the odds of failed outcome were high with diabetes, hypoalbuminemia, loculation, tuberculosis which can predict the outcome especially complicated and complex parapneumonic effusion, empyema (p<0.05). Conclusions: Diabetes, hypoalbuminemia, loculation, tuberculosis should be used in the prediction scoring system .
Compact Printed Arrays with Embedded Coupling Mitigation for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networking

Wireless sensors emerged as narrowband, resource-constrained devices to provide monitoring services over a wide life span. Future applications of sensor networks are multimedia-driven and include sensor mobility. Thus, sensors must combine small size, large bandwidth, and diversity capabilities. Compact arrays, offering transmit/receive diversity, suffer from strong mutual coupling (MC), which causes lower antenna efficiency, loss of bandwidth, and signal correlation. An efficient technique to reduce coupling in compact arrays is described herein: a defect was inserted in the ground plane (GNDP) area between each pair of elements. The defect disturbed the GNDP currents and offered multidecibel coupling suppression, bandwidth recovery, and reduction of in-band correlation. Minimal pattern distortion was estimated. Computational results were supported by measurements. The bandwidth of unloaded arrays degraded gracefully from 38% to 28% with decreasing interelement distance (0.25𝜆 to 0.10𝜆). Defect-loaded arrays exhibited active impedance bandwidths 37–45%, respectively. Measured coupling was reduced by 15–20 dB.
Attentional bias in dieters and non-dieters Fahimeh

Introduction: Obesity is one of the diseases in modern and industrial life which is increasing with the rise of social facilities. Considering the previous studies, cognitive factors (attentional bias) play major role in the failure of dieting people. The present study investigates the subliminal attentional bias in dieters compared to nondieters. Materials and Methods: This causal-comparative study conducted clinics of Ghaem and Imam Reza hospitals and the clinic of faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2011. Participants were dieters (n=30) and nondieters (n=30) in which the ratio of genders are the same. Individuals, between 20 to 50 years old, were categorized into two groups of dieters and nondieters. To measure the attentional bias, the combine Stroop test was done and for each participant, two versions of pictorial and lexical stroop test were used. Data analyzed by MANCOVA and SPSS software version 20. Results: The results showed that there are not any significant differences between the interference mean scores of lowcalorie (P=0.28)/high-calorie (P=0.57) food images and the low-calorie (P=0.307)/high-calorie (P=0.202) food names in
ERP and Changing Work: knowledge management in practice

ERP success is becoming critical for universities as at least 85% of Australian universities are adopting at least one module of an ERP system (Beekhuyzen et al., 2002). This paper explores whether ERP systems enable knowledge management activities to occur in a university environment. The knowledge management processes identified in the theoretical framework are mapped to the ERP processes in the university environment. The influence of the organisational/ social enablers on the ERP processes is also discussed. This research was an emergent issue from a larger project. It suggests that knowledge management activities can and, in this case, do exist in a university ERP environment and that the enablers can be an influencing factor. Universities can benefit from understanding and fully utilising their knowledge management activities to improve data access, storage and dissemination of the existing knowledge that exists within the ERP environment.
Impact of Firm Specific Characteristics on the Web Based Business Reporting: Evidence from the Companies Listed in Turkey

The main purpose of our study is to analyze the impact of firm characteristics on the web based business reporting practices of the companies listed in Turkey. Relevant literature associating these two variables have mostly conducted empirical research in the developed countries. Contrary to the common approach, this study focuses on the financial market of a developing country and examines the association between the web based business reporting and the firm specific characteristics. Our sample included 253 firms listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange [ISE] (among which, there are no investment partnerships). In order to determine the disclosure levels of the web-based information, total and financial disclosure indexes have been constructed and, referring to the relevant literature, firm characteristics are determined to measure their potential impacts on the extent of information disseminated by ISE firms on their web sites. According to our results, size, industry classification and internalization could be used to explain level of information disclosed by the firms. Technology, risk and profitability are important factors for the Total Disclosure Index but not for the Financial Disclosure Index. Ownership structure, institutional investors and intangibles are the independent variables, which have not any significant association with the web-based disclosure behavior.
THE EMOTIONS ABOUT TEACHING AND LEARNING SCIENCE: A STUDY OF PROSPECTIVE PRIMARY TEACHERS IN THREE SPANISH UNIVERSITIES

A descriptive and comparative study is made of the emotions that prospective primary teachers in three Spanish universities have about teaching and learning the natural sciences, differentiating between approaches to the content of Biology/Geology and Physics/Chemistry. The study was carried out using a closed-response questionnaire which was completed by 315 primary education bachelor's degree students in the Universities of Extremadura, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, and the Autónoma of Barcelona (UAB). The results showed that in their recall of their secondary education, most of the prospective teachers have positive emotions towards learning Biology/Geology and negative towards learning Physics/Chemistry. With respect to their future teaching in primary education, there predominated positive emotions towards Biology/Geology, and negative emotions towards Physics/Chemistry, except for the UAB students who reported more positive emotions than negative in this latter case. There was an increase of positive emotions in their expectations of their future teaching of all the science content, and a marked decrease in the negative emotions, relative to the emotions that they had experienced as students of these subjects in secondary school. Key words: emotions, preservice primary teachers, science education.
The Black Hole Clustering Algorithm Based on Membrane Computing

Over the last few decades, nature has stimulated many successful heuristic optimization methods and computational tools for dealing with optimization problems. In this paper, we investigate the black hole clustering algorithm based on membrane computing. Formally, we embed the black hole clustering algorithm in the membrane structure, provide the three parts of the membrane system to perform black hole clustering algorithm, which are the membrane structure based on membrane computing, the objects in elementary membrane and the evolution rules in the elementary membrane, and analyze the performance of the black hole clustering algorithm based on membrane computing. The proposed algorithm in the paper is compared with some other classical algorithms, and the simulation results indicate the algorithm in the paper can achieve better performance in clustering.
A smart city-smart bay project - establishing an integrated water monitoring system for decision support in Dublin Bay

Environmental and water quality monitoring is key to measuring and understanding the chemical and biological quality of water and for taking reactive remedial action. Over the coming years, monitoring of water bodies will increase within Europe, in order to comply with the requirements of the Water Framework Directive (WFD, Council Directive 2000/60/EC), and globally owing to pressure from climate change. The establishment of high quality long-term monitoring programmes is regarded as essential if the implementation of the WFD is to be effective. However, the traditional spot/grab sampling using conventional sampling and laboratory based techniques can introduce a significant financial burden, and is unlikely to provide a reasonable estimate of the true maximum and/or mean concentration for a particular physico-chemical variable in a water body with marked temporal variability. When persistent fluctuations occur, it is likely only to be detected through continuous measurements, which have the capability of detecting sporadic peaks of concentration. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the potential for continuous monitoring data in decision support as part of a smart city project. The multi-modal data system shows potential for low-cost sensing in complex aquatic environments around the city. Continuous monitoring data from both visual and water quality sensors is collected and data from grab samples collected support the observations of trends in water quality.
Associations of cytomegalovirus with type I diabetes mellitus among children in Khartoum State

Cytomegalovirus is one of the most common microorganisms that cause opportunistic infection that complicate the clinical care and progress of immunecompromised patients. The virus can cause severe diseases with multiple complications including type I diabetes mellitus. The present study is a case control study aimed at determining cytomegalovirus among type I diabetic mellitus in Sudanese children. Sera of eighty one (81) children were collected, 27 (33.3%) from diabetic which represent the study group and 54 (66.7%) from apparently healthy children (control group). The samples were tested for IgG anti-cytomegalovirus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. 18 (22.2%) of the total population of study were sero-positive for cytomegalovirus IgG, most of them, 10 (55.6%) were diabetic patients, the results indicate significant association (P value 0.025) of cytomegalovirus IgG antibodies with type I diabetes mellitus in children. The study reveals significant relation (P value 0.003) of cytomegalovirus IgG antibodies with type I diabetes mellitus in age group (5-9 years). Key words: Cytomegalovirus, type I diabetes mellitus, children.
A comparison of three indirect methods for estimating understory light at different spatial scales in temperate mixed forests.

Three indirect light measurement methods were compared in mixed deciduous and coniferous forests with heterogeneous stand structure: tRAYci - a spatially explicit light model calculating percentage of above canopy light (PACL); LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer measuring diffuse non-interceptance (DIFN); and spherical densiometer estimating canopy openness (CO). Correlations between the different light variables were analyzed at several spatial scales (at 5 × 5, 10 × 10, 15 × 15, 20 × 20 and 30 × 30 m2). Relationships between light variables and the cover of alight flexible plant, blackberry (Rubus fruticosus agg.), as a potentially sensitive response variable for light conditions were also investigated. LAI-2000 (D1FN) and tRAYci (PACL) seemed the most appropriate for the description of the light environment in the investigated stands. DIFN and PACL had stronger correlations with each other and with blackberry cover than CO. Spatial heterogeneity of light (expressed with coefficient of variation) showed much stronger correlations than mean values both between the methods and between light intensity and Rubus cover. The correlation values between the methods increased towards coarser scales (from 5 × 5 to 30 × 30 m2), while the correlation between light intensity and blackberry cover had a maximal response at the scale of 20 ×20 m2 if a lower resolution of light estimation was used, and had also a maximum at smaller scales if the light was calculated for more points per plot by tRAYci. LAI-2000 can be recommended for the comparison of different stands, however, for fine scale description of light conditions of a stand tRAYci seems to be more appropriate.
Choices About Competition: Differences by Gender and Hormonal Fluctuations, and the Role of Relative Performance Feedback

Economic experiments have shown that when given the choice between piece-rate and winner-take-all tournament style compensation, women are more reluctant than men to choose tournaments. These gender difference experiments have all relied on a similar framework where subjects were not informed of their relative abilities as compared to other potential competitors. I replicate these previous findings and then I show that giving feedback about past relative performance moves high ability females towards more competitive compensation schemes, moves low ability men towards less competitive compensation schemes such as piece-rate and group pay, and removes the gender difference in compensation choices. I then examine between and within-subjects differences in choices for females, across the menstrual cycle. I find that, before receiving relative performance feedback, women in the low-hormone phase of their cycle are less likely to enter tournaments than women in the high-hormone phase. Men are more likely to choose tournaments than females at either stage. There are no significant selection differences between any of these groups after they receive relative performance feedback.
PHTHALATE DIESTER LEVELS IN PERSONAL AIR SAMPLES DURING PREGNANCY IN TWO URBAN POPULATIONS

There is growing concern over the widespread exposures to phthalates detected in the U.S. population. Phthalates have been shown to be hepatic, reproductive and developmental toxicants. Certain phthalates are elevated in women of reproductive age, resulting in implications for the health of the developing fetus. In the current study, we assess the presence of phthalates in personal air samples of pregnant women subjects in prospective cohorts in Northern Manhattan and Krakow, Poland. Phthalates were detected in 100% of samples. Diethyl phthalate (DEP) (range 1,447-7,123 ng/m 3 ) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) (range 755-14,763 ng/m 3 ) were present at the highest levels in Northern Manhattan and Krakow respectively. Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and disobutyl phthalate (DIBP) were present in ascending order. Demographic characteristics of study subjects are presented to identify possible risk factors. Comparison data are presented for 4 phthalate isomers to assess the significance of these levels.