Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Secure route determination method to prevent sinkhole attacks in INSENS based wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are vulnerable to external intrusions due to the wireless communication characteristics and limited hardware resources. Thus, the attacker can cause sinkhole attack while intruding the network. INSENS is proposed for preventing the sinkhole attack. INSENS uses the three symmetric keys in order to prevent such sinkhole attacks. However, the sinkhole attack occurs again, even in the presence of INSENS, through the compromised node because INSENS does not consider the node being compromised. In this paper, we propose a method to counter the sinkhole attack by considering the compromised node, based on the neighboring nodes’ information. The goals of the proposed method are i) network reliability improvement and ii) energy conservation through effective prevention of the sinkhole attack by detecting compromised nodes. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can save up to, on average, 19.90% of energy while increasing up to, on average, 71.50%, the report reliability against internal sinkhole attacks in comparison to INSENS
Banks' financial innovation and the demand on money

Financial innovation has come through improvement over time in financial tools and payment instruments used in the lending and borrowing of funds. This study aims at investigating the effect of electronic money on demand for money in Jordanian economy. The study uses ordinary least square (OLS) regression model to analyse a panel data over the period of (2011-2016), depending on data collecting of 13 commercial banks in Jordan. Results reveal that both GDP growth and the growth of visa cards number of each bank have positive and significant effect on the demand for money. On other hand, money demand was found to be negatively related with growth of interest rate, growth of total credit facilities granted by each bank, technological progress and utility bills paying service.
CHALLENGES OF TRANSLATING TOURISM-RELATED TERMINOLOGY: ACTA TURISTICA – SOME ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

This paper aims to describe the strategies used by translators in solving these challenges when translating academic texts on tourism from English into Croatian, and to illustrate them with examples taken from papers published simultaneously in Croatian and English in Acta Turistica over the period of 30 years of publishing this scientific journal that is affiliated with the Faculty of Economics & Business of the University of Zagreb. Finally, the paper intends to suggest possible guidelines for the standardization of Croatian tourism-related terminology.
Should social enterprises complement or supplement public health provision?

Purpose This paper aims to explore how stable employment, company culture and tailored health, digital and core skills training provided by a social enterprise (SE) in the Philippines affect survivors of exploitation. Research shows survivors experience adverse social conditions and physical and mental health outcomes caused by their exploitative experience. Stable, decent employment has been identified as critical to their recovery and reintegration. This paper discusses the SE’s impact on the employees’ physical, mental and social health and behaviour. Based on our findings, the authors discuss the contribution of SE in improving health outcomes and providing health services and conclude that SEs should not replace but complement public health government programmes. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses mixed methods, presenting data from a longitudinal survey (household income, mental health and social well-being) and a follow-up qualitative study, which uses in-depth interviews and participatory videos to explore survey findings. Findings The quantitative analysis demonstrates positive, but gradual, changes in sexual and reproductive health behaviour; personal empowerment; and trauma, anxiety and depressive symptoms. The qualitative findings show how improvements in executive functioning, self-regulation and self-esteem occur incrementally over time. As their self-efficacy improves, employees need to avoid being overly dependent on the SE, to support their autonomy; therefore, access to complementary public health services is fundamental. Originality/value This paper focusses, to the authors’ knowledge, on a unique SE, which hires survivors of exploitation, without losing their competitiveness in the market.
Economic efficiency growth of agricultural roads’ construction in the region

The paper is devoted to the technical and economic justification of the automobile road construction of low intensity roads. The design choice offered for comparison presents the construction of roadway surfacing in which the role of the broken stone underlayer is carried out by over-compacted fine soil. In the Volgograd region fine loamy soils (sandy soils, clayly soils) occupy a considerable part of the surface. In this respect the technical and economic justification of the construction of automobile roads for agriculture with the use of over consolidated fine soils of such type in the road construction has a significant social and economic importance. The offered technique of technical and economic justification is founded on the calculation of an actual durability of road constructions using the forecasting of lineal evenness change. The technique of forecasting is based on the improvement of a well known linear multi factor model of the international roughness index (IRI) which forecasts changes in dependence of traffic density and initial state of roadway surfacing due to the inclusion of additional factors into the model. It is suggested to use as factors the data about the qualitative content of traffic load, specifically about the level of impact of heavy cargo vehicles, weather and climate effect on the surfacing and on the quality of automobile road maintenance. The experimental data were subjected to multivariate regression analysis in Excel. In compliance with the data of the test of a trial pavement section constructed in the Bykovskiy district of the Volgograd region, the authors calculated the economic efficiency of the automobile road construction of the offered construction type. The conclusion is drawn on the technical and economic expediency of use of the suggested design solution.
Communicating off the record

This article pursues three major goals. The first is a critical one. It confronts the widespread bias that off-the-record communication briefings are inferior – including professionally and ethically – to other techniques of communication, especially to its counterpart of on-the-record communication. The second goal is a practical one. Discussed are cases of both failed and successful off-the-record strategies, from which basic rules – prerequisites for such interaction – are extracted. And the third goal is a theoretical one. Off-the-record is conceptualised as more indirect and, in this sense, more strategic mode of communication than its counterpart. Affinity rather than trust is the core quality of the source-media relations here. A new distinction is made between advertising and public relations. On the record, one controls the message but due to the obvious self-interest of the source – attributable or unattributable – its credibility is low. Off the record, one cannot control the message, but other and more credible influencers take ownership of it and increase its impact. On the record is advertising; off the record is public relations.
Multitarget Tracking Using Multiple Hypothesis Tracking

The track? oriented multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) algorithm is one of the most advanced algorithms for multisensor Multitarget tracking (MTT) for real? world complex problems. An MTT system uses one or more sensors such as radar, sonar, electro? optical, video, infra? red, multispectral, hyperspectral, and unattended ground sensor (acoustic and seismic). Two classes of Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC)? based multitarget algorithms are commonly used: Particle filter (PF)? based algorithms; and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)? based algorithms. MHT is particularly effective in dense multitarget settings and in highly cluttered environments. The chapter discusses the current nonlinear filtering algorithms. Suitable filters can be selected for the track filter given the nature and complexity of the tracking problem. A collection of dynamic and measurement models commonly used in filters are presented for a wide variety of tracking applications. The chapter presents a detailed hybrid? state derivation of the track? oriented MHT equations following the formulation by Kurien with some minor modifications.
Intersectoral
 network‐based
 channel of aggregate
 TFP
 shocks

This study investigates the role of intersectoral networks in the transmission of aggregate technology shocks to sectors’ growth. First, we develop a theoretical model to obtain insights into the propagation of shocks through input-output linkages, which suggests that the network effect arises via sectoral downstream linkages. We then quantitatively assess this theoretical implication with US manufacturing industries, where the aggregate technology shocks are derived from a dynamic factor model. We find that aggregate technology shocks lead to an increase in the output growth of the sector, both directly and indirectly via its intersectoral linkages. More interestingly, we document a crucial role of the intersectoral network channel, which contributes about 50 percent of the total effect. In addition, the network-based effect comes mostly from downstream linkages of sectors, which is broadly consistent with theory.
The effect of influencing the stress mindset of individuals on the experience of eustress, distress and depressive symptoms

The present study aimed to examine the relation between stress mindset, eustress, distress and depressive symptoms. It was predicted that individuals with a positively increased mindset towards stress experience less depressive symptoms, which is mediated by eustress and distress. To test this, a between-subjects pretest posttest design with three conditions, namely “stress- is- enhancing”, “stress- is- debilitating” and “control” was developed. Stress mindset was manipulated via short videos. Level of stress mindset, eustress, distress and depressive symptoms was tested using a compilation of three questionnaires. Mediation analysis was done using the bootstrapping method of Hayes and Preacher. N = 76 participants took part in the study. Results show that manipulation via videos was successful. However, results of the mediation analysis were mainly non- significant. Therefore, the study could not substantiate an association between stress mindset, eustress, distress and depressive symptoms. However, the video manipulation might not have been powerful enough to influence stress mindset on a profound level. This explains why no significant effects of increasing the stress mindset were found. Future research is necessary to find better ways of increasing stress mindsets in the long run and consequently design better interventions to decrease depressive symptoms in individuals.
Estudo exploratório do uso de algoritmos genéticos no gerenciamento de tarefas e recursos em cloud computing

With the undeniable ascension of cloud services, the introduction of efficient scheduling modules in this kind of system is more necessary than ever. Energy consumption is the main source of cost to the provider companies, partially caused by the poor administration of hardware resources. In order to offer greater flexibility to the task scheduling process and more effectiveness in resource management, we will analyze the feasibility of using an evolutionary approach to obtain solutions with greater quality, increasing the provider company’s profit, satisfying the interests of both sides. Evolutionary heuristics are gaining notoriety in the academic field as alternative solutions to optimization problems. Therefore, this work presents our contribution, which consists of the implementation and analysis of a basic genetic algorithm that works as a scheduler, also explaining the advantages and disadvantages encountered with the use of this approach. Later on, we show that the results of this research are quite encouraging, however, there is still much to be done as the main objective of almost every research is to apply the proposed method in a real system. A possible subject for a future work could be the hybridization of the genetic approach with a conventional search algorithm. Optimizing the genetic operators and some other implementation parameters are also in the plans. These actions shall improve the overall performance of the algorithm as well, consequently, returning better solutions and making the method more dependable.
FPGA Specific Real Time Hardware Architecture Implementing Bounding Box Merging Algorithm for Object Detection

Objectives: This paper focuses on the real time hardware implementation of improved version of Viola Jones algorithm for automatic object detection. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In this regard, A greedy NMS(Non Maximum Suppression) approach has been adopted to develop the bounding box merging algorithm which could suppress the confusing dense grid of overlapping bounding boxes against a threshold value and gives an accurate result and further this algorithm has been transformed in to a real time hardware architecture. Findings: The hardware architecture designed is fully Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based which will take the input coordinates of the image and will process it accordingly by reducing the number of overlapped bounding boxes in real time. Applications/Improvements: Any researcher who is working on automatic object detection can use this hardware architecture as it is in his design and further this architecture itself can be used to create Application Specific IC (ASIC).
Willing to Pay for Security: A Discrete Choice Experiment to Analyse Labour Supply Preferences

This paper investigates the extent to which labour supply preferences are responsible for the marked rise in atypical work arrangements in the UK and US. By employing vignettes in a discrete job choice experiment in a representative survey, I estimate the distribution for preferences and willingness-to-pay over various job attributes. The list of attributes includes key distinguishing factors of typical and atypical work arrangements, such as security, work-related benefits, flexibility, autonomy and taxation implications. The results are indicative that the majority of the population prefer characteristics associated with traditional employee-employer relationships, and this preference holds even when analysing just the sub-sample of those in atypical work arrangements. Additionally, preferences across the UK and US are very similar, despite differences in labour market regulations. Rather than suggesting that labour supply preferences have contributed to the increase in atypical work arrangements, I find that the changing nature of work is likely to have significant negative welfare implications for many workers.
Climate, Land Use and Land Cover Changes in the Bandama Basin (Côte D’Ivoire, West Africa) and Incidences on Hydropower Production of the Kossou Dam

Climate and land use/cover changes are potential drivers of change in hydrology and water use. Incidences of these factors on Bandama hydrological basin and Kossou hydropower generation (1981–2016) in West Africa are assessed in this present work. Using Landsat products of United Stated Geological Survey, results show that water bodies areas and land use have increased by 1.89%/year and 11.56%/year respectively, whereas herbaceous savanna, savanna, forest and evergreen forest coverage have been reduced by 1.39%/year, 0.02%/year, 2.39%/year and 3.33%/year respectively from 1988 to 2016. Hydroclimatic analysis reveals that streamflow presents greater change in magnitude compared to rainfall though both increasing trends are not statistically significant at annual scale. Streamflow varies at least four (two) times greatly than the rainfall (monthly and seasonally) annually except during driest months probably due to land use/cover change. In contrast, Kossou hydropower generation is significantly decreasing (p-value 0.007) at both monthly and annual scales possibly due to water abstraction at upstream. Further works are required to elucidate the combined effects of land use/cover and climate changes on hydrological system as well as water abstraction on Kossou generation.
A statistical study of ANY resource record based DNS query request packet traffic

We statistically investigated the total ANY resource record (RR) based DNS query request packet traffic from the Internet to the top domain DNS server in a university campus network through January 1st, 2011 to December 31st, 2012. The obtained results are: (1) We found a significant increase in the inbound ANY RR based DNS query request traffic at November 28th, 2011. (2) In the DNS query request packet traffic, we observed only a query keyword of the campus domain name. (3) We found a correlation between the total inbound DNS query request packet traffic and the DNS query request packet traffic including the query keyword. (4) Also, we found that the source IP addresses were distributed in the ANY RR based DNS query request packet traffic. These results indicate that the ANY RR based DNS request packet traffic is strange. Therefore, we should pay much attention to the ANY RR based DNS query request traffic including the single domain name.
From coordinate descent to social sampling: Coordinate sampling for large scale optimization

OF THE THESIS From Coordinate Descent to Social Sampling: Coordinate Sampling for Large Scale Optimization by Mohsen Ghassemi Thesis Director: Prof. Anand Sarwate The unprecedented rate at which data is being created and stored calls for scalable optimization techniques that allow efficient “Big Data” analysis. In this work where there is only one computing node, that modifies the coordinate-sampling distribution for stochastic coordinate descent: we call this proportional stochastic coordinate descent (PSCD). This method treats the gradient of the function as a probability distribution to sample the coordinates, and may be useful in so-called lock-free decentralized optimization schemes. Although stochastic coordinate descent methods seem attractive due to their small per-iteration complexity, they show high variance in performance compared to full gradient descent algorithms. In order to address this issue we propose stochastic variance reduced coordinate descent that takes information from the previous gradient estimates into account. Lastly, we consider stochastic message passing algorithms that limit the communication required for decentralized and distributed convex optimization and provide convergence guarantees on the objective value. For general distributed optimization in which agents jointly minimize the sum of local objectives we propose treating the iterates as gradients and propose a stochastic coordinate-wise primal averaging algorithm for optimization.
Public and Private in the Blogosphere

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE IN THE BLOGOSPHERE MAY 2019 SARAH FORD, B.A., CARLETON COLLEGE M.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Robert Zussman The public/private distinction is one of the most influential concepts of the modern era, both in terms of social theory and everyday life. For many, public and private have been treated as completely separate. The assumption that public and private are a dichotomous pair has influenced numerous aspects of social life, ranging from the gendered division of labor to the development of the suburb. However, the division between the public and private realms has proven to be permeable; the public and private realms have bled over into one another, and can no longer be treated as dichotomous. Information and communication technologies have been pivotal in these shifting conceptions of publicity and privacy. Based on a study of personal bloggers — individuals who write about their everyday lives on the Internet — this study finds that public and private are best understood in terms of the relationship among information, audience, and control over access to information. Bloggers conceptualize publicity and privacy relative to the information they make available online, and actively work to balance the benefits of writing online with the risks of granting readers access to that content. They manage this tension through a variety of techniques ranging from use of software controls (commonly used on some blogging platforms) to maintaining multiple blog documents. Through this process, bloggers continuously create
A Framework of Adaptive Mobile Video Streaming and Efficient Social Video Sharing in the Clouds

While demands on video traffic above mobile webs have been souring, the wireless link capacity cannot retain up alongside the traffic demand. The gap amid the traffic demand and the link capacity, alongside alongside time-varying link conditions, aftermath in poor ability quality of video streaming above mobile webs such as long buffering period and intermittent disruptions. Leveraging the cloud computing knowledge, we counsel a new mobile video streaming framework, dubbed AMES- Cloud, that has two main parts: AMoV (adaptive mobile video streaming) and ESoV (efficient communal video sharing). AMoV and ESoV craft a confidential agent to furnish video streaming services effectually for every single mobile user. For a given user, AMoV lets her confidential agent adaptively adjust her streaming flow alongside a scalable video coding method established on the feedback of link quality. Likewise, ESoV monitors the communal web contact amid mobile users, and their confidential agents endeavor to prefetch video content in advance. We apply a prototype of the AMES-Cloud framework to clarify its performance. It is shown that the private.