Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leveraging competitiveness from sustainable operations: frameworks to understand the dynamic capabilities needed to realise NRBV supply chain strategies

Purpose This paper aims to develop frameworks to support implementation and competitive leveraging of distinct sustainable supply chain operations. This derives from conceptual definition of the dynamic capabilities required to support Hart’s (1995) natural-resource-based view resources in the supply chain. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual study uses qualitative content analysis to extract capabilities from review and analysis of literature related to natural-resource-based view (NRBV) and sustainable supply chain management. Intercoder reliability assessments support conceptual development of such capabilities into dynamic capability frameworks. Findings Specific interrelations between each NRBV resource and corresponding supply chain strategies are conceptualised. From this, capabilities are categorised to corresponding resources, dynamic capabilities activities and internal–external focus. This results in definition of 107 dynamic NRBV capabilities. Research limitations/implications Contributions are threefold: distinct frameworks for competitive sustainable supply chain management is offered; the NRBV benefits from enhanced practical guidance via the definition of its dynamic capabilities, addressing the theory-practice gap; and understandings of dynamic capabilities and their role in both the NRBV sustainable supply chain management is advanced. Practical implications This paper offers four frameworks to allow firms to tailor sustainability strategies to suit their needs and guide competitive leveraging. Definition of capabilities offers practical guidance to operationalise NRBV resources. Originality/value This is the first holistic interpretation of NRBV capabilities and explicit application of dynamic capabilities. This forms the basis of a broader research agenda for the NRBV in sustainable supply chain management.
Ultrahigh energy storage performance of a polymer-based nanocomposite via interface engineering

High-performance electrostatic capacitors are in urgent demand owing to the rapid development of higher power electronic applications. However, developing polymer-based composite films with both a high breakdown strength (Eb) and dielectric constant (er) is still a huge challenge. Here, hierarchically structured SrTiO3@SrTiO3 nanofibers (ST@ST NFs), in which crystalline SrTiO3 nanoparticles are embedded into the amorphous SrTiO3 nanofibers, are incorporated into the poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) (P(VDF-HFP)) matrix to form a multiscale internal/external interface to break the paradox of a high er with decreased Eb, and that in turn gives rise to a remarkably improved energy storage capability. The percolation of the SrTiO3–SrTiO3 interfaces could promote interfacial polarization, resulting in a substantially increased er of the polymer nanocomposites at a rather low concentration of nanofillers. More importantly, the improved Eb of 630 MV m−1 is also achieved through the multiscale internal/external interface. These very favorable values give rise to an ultrahigh discharged energy density (Ud) of ∼25.26 J cm−3, which is 283% of the value of the pure P(VDF-HFP) film. A record enhancement ratio of Ud is achieved in this work among the previously reported results to the best of our knowledge. This approach provides a new dimension of interface engineering to adjust and improve the energy storage properties of polymer nanocomposites.
Long Term Interactions of Native and Invasive Species in a Marine Protected Area Suggest Complex Cascading Effects Challenging Conservation Outcomes

Understanding the interactions among invasive species, native species and marine protected areas (MPAs), and the long-term regime shifts in MPAs is receiving increased attention, since biological invasions can alter the structure and functioning of the protected ecosystems and challenge conservation efforts. Here we found evidence of marked modifications in the rocky reef associated biota in a Mediterranean MPA from 2009 to 2019 through visual census surveys, due to the presence of invasive species altering the structure of the ecosystem and triggering complex cascading effects on the long term. Low levels of the populations of native high-level predators were accompanied by the population increase and high performance of both native and invasive fish herbivores. Subsequently the overgrazing and habitat degradation resulted in cascading effects towards the diminishing of the native and invasive invertebrate grazers and omnivorous benthic species. Our study represents a good showcase of how invasive species can coexist or exclude native biota and at the same time regulate or out-compete other established invaders and native species.
Arbitrary-angle bounding box based location for object detection in remote sensing image

ABSTRACT Object location is a fundamental yet challenging problem in object detection. In the remote sensing image, different imaging projection directions make the same object have various rotation angles, and in some scenes, the object distribution is relatively dense. Most of the existing deep learning-based object detection algorithms utilize horizontal bounding box to locate objects, which causes inaccurate location of the objects with dense distribution or arbitrary direction, thus leading to the detection misses. In this paper, we propose an arbitrary-angle bounding box based object location and embed it into the Faster R-CNN, developing a new framework called Rotated Faster R-CNN (R-FRCNN) for object detection in remote sensing image. In R-FRCNN, we specially improve anchor ratios to adapt to the objects like ship with large aspect ratio and increase the weights of the horizontal bounding box regression to reduce the interference of the arbitrary-angle bounding box on the horizontal bounding box prediction. Comprehensive experiments on a public dataset and a self-assembled dataset (which we make publically available) show the superior performance of our method compared to standalone state-of-the-art object detectors.
In-line Raman spectroscopy for stacked nanosheet device manufacturing

In-line Raman spectroscopy for compositional and strain metrology throughout front-end-of-line manufacturing of next generation stacked gate-all-around nanosheet field-effect transistors is presented. Thin and alternating layers of fully strained pseudomorphic Si(1-x)Gex and Si were grown epitaxially on a Si substrate and subsequently patterned. Intentional strain variations were introduced by changing the Ge content (x = 0.25, 0,35, 0.50). Polarization-dependent in-line Raman spectroscopy was employed to characterize and quantify the strain evolution of Si and Si(1-x)Gex nanosheets throughout front-end-of-line processing by focusing on the analysis of Si-Si and Si-Ge optical phonon modes. To evaluate the accuracy of the Raman metrology results, strain reference data were acquired by non-destructive high-resolution x-ray diffraction and from destructive lattice deformation maps using precession electron diffraction. It was found that the germanium-alloy composition as well as Si and Si(1-x)Gex strain obtained by Raman spectroscopy are in excellent agreement with reference metrology and follow trends of previously published simulations.
Preventing and arresting primary tooth enamel lesions using self-assembling peptide P11-4 in vitro

Nour Wahba Department of Pediatric and Dental Public health, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo Falk Schwendicke Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charitè Universitätmedizin Berlin Mohamed Amr Kamel Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University Gehan Allam Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty od Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo Sebastian Paris Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charitè Universitätmedizin Berlin Noha Kabil Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo Paul-Georg Jost-Brinkmann Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics, Charitè Universitätmedizin Berlin Karim Elhennawy (  karim.elhennawy@charite.de ) Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-9452
“Sometimes You Just Need People around You Who Understand You”: A Qualitative Study of Everyday Life at a Residential Care Unit for Young People with Diabetes

Solglimt is the only long-term residential care facility in Denmark for young people with diabetes who, for various reasons, are particularly exposed or vulnerable. This target group is characterized by poorly regulated diabetes and psychosocial challenges. As this unique setting and specific target group has not been studied before, we designed a qualitative sociological study of the experiences and perceptions of everyday life from the perspectives of current and former residents as well as from those of the residential care social workers (RCSWs). We also studied the specific care practices at Solglimt. The dataset consists of nine days of participatory observations, 29 semi-structured individual interviews with three target groups (9 current residents, 8 former residents and 12 RCSWs) and three participatory workshops. All data were analyzed using radical hermeneutics. The analysis produced four main themes: (1) In it together, like a family—feeling different among peers, (2) Social workers as substitutes for parents and healthcare professionals, (3) Individualization—Increased self-confidence and autonomy, and (4) Tacit knowledge and illness behavior automation. The findings show that the residential care facility is a family-like setting with a strong focus on individualization, which enables new illness behaviors and perceptions. The results offer important steps towards developing improved diabetes care strategies through individualized informal knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the results are applicable to general clinical diabetes care for vulnerable or low-resource children and young people with diabetes.
Effects of Virtual Reality Head-mounted Displays on Oculomotor Functions

Purpose: Three-dimensional (3D) video games played using virtual reality head-mounted displays (VR-HMDs) are becoming increasingly popular. However, the use of this technology may lead to visual symptoms and discomfort by disrupting the normal linkage between the accommodation and vergence systems. This study aimed to investigate the effect of playing 3D video games using VR-HMDs on different oculomotor functions (i.e., accommodation and/or vergence system parameters) and to quantify symptoms associated with playing games using VR-HMD technology. Methods: Twenty –six male and female young adults (age range 19–27 years) with normal binocular vision completed this study. Different clinical accommodative and vergence measurements were collected before and after playing 3D video games using a VR-HMD system for 45 minutes. In addition, visual- and non–visual-related symptoms were measured before and after the video game sessions using the standardized Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. Results: The majority of accommodative parameters—including negative relative accommodation, accommodative accuracy, and monocular and binocular accommodative facilities—were significantly affected after playing 3D video games. With respect to vergence system measurements, the horizontal negative fusional vergence range at near and vergence facility test outcomes were affected significantly after the 3D video game sessions. Significant increments in different types of symptoms (i.e., visual and nonvisual) were also observed after playing 3D video games using the VR-HMD system. Conclusions: Playing 3D video games using VR-HMD systems can lead to a deterioration of certain oculomotor functions (i.e., accommodative and vergence systems). Players can be expected to experience eyestrain and discomfort after just 45 minutes of playing.
Modelling Watershed and River Basin Processes in Cold Climate Regions: A Review

Watersheds in cold regions provide water, food, biodiversity and ecosystem service. However, the increasing demand for water resources and climate change challenge our ability to provide clean freshwater. Particularly, watersheds in cold regions are more sensitive to changing climate due to their glaciers’ retreat and permafrost. This review revisits watershed system and processes. We analyze principles of watershed modelling and characteristics of watersheds in cold regions. Then, we show observed evidence of their impacts of cold processes on hydrological and biogeochemical processes and ecosystems, and review the watershed modeling and their applications in cold regions. Finally, we identify the knowledge gaps in modeling river basins according to model structures and representations of processes and point out research priorities in future model development.
Construction of students’ religious national identities in Pakistani state schools and its implications for minorities

ABSTRACT This study analyses discourses of Pakistan’s national curriculum textbooks for grades 9–12 in the context of developing students’ national belonging vis-à-vis inclusive education and global interdependence. Drawing on teachers’ interviews and students’ focus groups and participatory tools, it also problematises teachers’ classroom practices and resulting students’ responses in this backdrop. Theorising national belonging as a discursive social practice, the study benefits from Foucault’s approach to discourse analysis. The findings highlight a complex interplay of several education system actors for constructing students’ national belonging, emphasising an essential relationship between Pakistan and a particular version of Islam. Discursively positioned, the students perceive the world as Muslim versus Non-Muslim and display self-righteousness, evincing strong ethnocentricity towards fellow non-Muslims. The study underlines the implications for not employing education for fostering inclusivity and international collaboration and its consequences for long-term global sustainable development goals (SDGs), 2030.
Social Isolation in Times of COVID-19: Effects on Adolescents' Mental Health

Introduction: The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus forced the adoption of several measures for individual and collective protection measures, including isolation, which interrupted direct social contact and started to draw the attention of researchers due to its potential risk of damage to people’s mental health, notably for the most sensitive groups, such as adolescents. Aim: This article presents some emotional repercussions observed in groups of adolescents, after six months of social isolation. Methodology: Literature retrieved through Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and Cochrane Library databases related to the mental health of adolescents during the period of social isolation determined by the coronavirus pandemic, published between January and July 2020. Results: The studies have found manifestations ranging from mild symptoms, such as boredom, inattention, agitation, irritability, fatigue and excessive worries to those of greater magnitude, such as worsening cognitive performance, exaggerated fear and varying degrees of anxiety and depression Conclusion: The data allow us to state that social isolation has immediate effects and probably also in the medium and long term, on the behavior and emotional health of adolescents. Both Mini Review Article Ciampo and Ciampo; AJPR, 5(1): 13-18, 2021; Article no.AJPR. 63048 14 healthy teenagers and those who already have a change in the pre-existing emotional state must be carefully observed and supported during the most critical moments of this global crisis.
Non‐linear dynamic behaviour modelling for broadband power amplifiers based on deep convolution generative adversarial networks

This letter presents a non-linear dynamic behaviour model for characterising the broadband power ampliﬁers (PAs) by using deep convolution generative adversarial networks (DCGAN). The DCGAN structure is based on the convolution neural network model and combines the generative adversarial networks to improve its linearisation ability of the digital predistortion. The DCGAN contains a generation model and a discriminant model. It imports convolution with steps and deconvolution into the structure, respectively, which makes the accuracy of the power ampliﬁer non-linear model to improve further. For veriﬁcation, a 5G NR test signal with 100 MHz bandwidth is employed for testing a Doherty RF-PA that operates at 1800 MHz. The experimental results illustrate that the normalised mean square error value is at least 12 dB higher than the traditional models, and the out-of-band suppression of the DCGAN predistorter can be up to 15 dB better than other models.
Measurement of technical efficiency in the case of heterogeneity of technologies used between firms – Based on evidence from Polish crop farms

In the present study, we have investigated several competing stochastic frontier models which differ in terms of the form of the production function (Cobb-Douglas or translog), inefficiency distribution (half-normal or exponential distribution) and type of prior distribution for the parameters (hierarchical or non-hierarchical from the Bayesian point of view). This last distinction corresponds to a difference between random coefficients and fixed coefficients models. Consequently, this study aims to examine to what extent inferences about estimates of farms' efficiency depend on the above assumptions. Moreover, the study intends to investigate how far the production function's characteristics are affected by the choice of the type of prior distribution for the parameters. First of all, it was found that the form of the production function does not impact the efficiency scores. Secondly, we found that measures of technical efficiency are sensitive to distributional assumptions about the inefficiency term. Finally, we have revealed that estimates of technical efficiency are reasonably robust to the prior information about the parameters of crop farms' production technology. There is also a resemblance in the elasticity of output with respect to inputs between the models considered in this paper. Additionally, the measurement of returns to scale is not sensitive to model specification.
Low and Medium dose Statins Improve Function and Prognosis of Asian Ischemic Stroke Patients with Intravenous Thrombolysis

Background: For acute ischaemic stroke, intravenous thrombolysis combined with statins might increase the therapeutic effect; however, it is uncertain whether this is effective. Additionally, statins can increase the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage in ischaemic stroke patients, further raising doubts regarding the safety of this combination. Methods: Data from consecutive acute ischaemic stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis were prospectively collected. Efficacy outcomes included NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score improvement at 7 days after admission and mRS (Modified Rankin Scale) improvement at 90 days. Safety outcomes included haemorrhage events in the hospital and death events within 2 years. Results: The study finally included 222 patients. The statin group had a higher percentage of NIHSS improvement at 7 days (p<0.001) and a higher percentage of a favourable functional outcome (FFO) (p<0.001) at 90 days. The statin group had a lower percentage of intracerebral haemorrhage (p<0.001) and gastrointestinal haemorrhage (p=0.004) in the hospital and a lower percentage of death events (p<0.001) within 2 years. Logistic regression indicated that statin use was significantly related to NIHSS improvement (OR=2.291, p=0.014), a lower percentage of intracerebral haemorrhage (OR=0.379, p=0.008) and gastrointestinal haemorrhage (OR=0.027, p=0.023), and a lower percentage of death events (OR=0.196, p<0.001). Conclusion: For Asian acute ischaemic stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis, the use of low- and medium-dose statins was related to NIHSS improvement of moderate stroke patients at 7 days, with a reduced percentage of haemorrhage events in the hospital and a lower percentage of death events within 2 years, especially for moderate stroke or noncardioembolic stroke patients.
Embeddedness as a Differentiating Element of Indigenous Entrepreneurship: Insights from Mexico

The present work aims to know the motives of why Indigenous entrepreneurs start companies, as well as how the characteristics of these groups influence the motives for company creation and determine entrepreneurial behavior. Through qualitative research, using interviews from five Indigenous entrepreneurs in Mexico, and the comparative case studies, this research identifies the motivators and characteristics of Indigenous entrepreneurs, as well as community embeddedness as an element of core business, without which company creation could not happen. The results show that embeddedness, identity, comunalidad (communal way of life), and worldview contribute positively to entrepreneurial project achievements, which also impact the community itself. Recommendations for different economic and social agents, concerning supporting the sustainability of Indigenous communities, and the protection of their culture and historical legacies, are derived from this study.
Confining Sb2Se3 nanorod yolk in a mesoporous carbon shell with an in-built buffer space for stable Li-ion batteries

The yolk–shell structure, realized by various synthesis methods, exhibits unique morphology and structural properties, which is currently undergoing a transition from material production technology to energy storage applications. To design an anode for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), a buffer space is designedly built between the Sb2Se3 nanorod yolk and the mesoporous carbon shell to obtain a novel yolk–shell structure (i.e., Sb2Se3@void@C). The confined void space is created by using a sacrificial template (such as silica) and the mesoporous carbon shell is obtained from the pyrolysis of phenolic resin, which effectively improves the electrical conductivity and structural stability of Sb2Se3 anode materials for LIB. Both the void space in the yolk–shell structure and the mesoporous carbon shell can efficiently buffer the volume expansion during the repeated discharge–charge processes, and further maintain the structural integrity. Besides, the permeable mesoporous carbon shell facilitates the electrolyte infiltration into the void space to ensure enough contact area between the Sb2Se3 and electrolyte, which benefits the shortening of the diffusion paths of Li+ ions. As a result, the Sb2Se3@void@C anode exhibits a high reversible specific capacity of 404.8 mA h g−1 at a rate of 1.0 A g−1 for at least 200 cycles, and maintains an average capacity of 594.7 at a rate of 3.0 A g−1. To further establish the detailed lithium storage behavior, in situ XRD is conducted to reveal the conversion reaction and alloying/dealloying reaction mechanisms. This research sheds light on yolk–shell structure designs with various morphologies to improve the electrochemical performance of energy storage materials.