Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contrasted patterns of divergence and gene flow among five fish species in a Mongolian rift lake following glaciation

Lakes and rivers in the Baikal ecoregion of central Asia provide particularly interesting models to assess the emergence and maintenance of species diversity, as they display strong contrasts in the composition of their aquatic vertebrate communities. Here, we used RAD-seq to study the recent evolutionary history of five fish species from Lake Hovsgol in Mongolia. This ancient lake was probably recolonized from its outlet following the Last Glacial Maximum, and harbours only ten native fish species. We detected substantial genetic differentiation between the lake and the putative ancestral refuge river in five species but we also found that these species have experienced different population dynamics. Some species appear to have colonized the lake after the Last Glacial Maximum, while others harbour levels of genetic differentiation consistent with the presence of refugia in the lake that could have persisted during glacial maxima or suggestive of colonization from a distinct source. We further demonstrated that fish species have experienced different levels of gene flow following colonization of the lake, suggesting that ecology and habitat use have had a substantial impact on the differentiation of lake populations.
New approaches for evaluation of soil health, sensitivity and resistance to degradation

Assessment of soil health requires complex evaluation of properties and functions responsible for a broad range of ecosystem services. Numerous soil quality indices (SQI) have been suggested for the evaluation of speci ﬁ c groups of soil functions, but comparison of various SQI is impossible because they are based on a combination of speci ﬁ c soil properties. To avoid this problem, we suggest an SQI-area approach based on the comparison of the areas on a radar diagram of a combination of chemical, biological and physical properties. The new approach is independent of the SQI principle and allows rapid and simple comparison of parameter groups and soils. Another approach analyzing the resistance and sensitivity of properties to degradation is suggested for a detailed evaluation of soil health. The resistance and sensitivity of soil properties are determined through comparison with the decrease of soil organic carbon (SOC) as a universal parameter responsible for many functions. The SQI-area and resistance/sensitivity approaches were tested based on the recovery of Phaeozems and Chernozems chronosequences after the abandonment of agricultural soils. Both the SQI-area and the resistance/sensitivity approaches are useful for basic and applied research, and for decision-makers to evaluate land-use practices and measure the degree of soil degradation.
Cervical Cancer Screening in a Low–Resource Setting: Buea-Cameroon

Background: Cervical cancer screening is not widely performed in developing countries like Cameroon. We conducted “one-day-screening” in Buea. Methods: The study was performed at the Buea Regional Hospital, Annex on the 2nd of November, 2019. A MobileODT colposcopic device was used to enhance visualization of the cervix and, if necessary, treatment as thermal coagulation or Loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP) was done at the same time. Before the screening, questionnaires were administered to participants. Original Research Article Tassang et al.; IRJO, 3(3): 47-55, 2020; Article no.IRJO. 61096 48 Results: of 140 women who agreed to participate, 124 (89%) completed the screening procedure: the mean age; 36.53 (±12.17) and reported negative HIV; 98%. Of the 124, 8 (6.5%) were screened positive, i.e., Low squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) 7 (5.6%) and High squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) 1 (0.8%). Out of the 8, 2 met treatment criteria. However, only one accepted treatment. The HSIL was excised and histopathology confirmed a CIN2 lesion. Although 111 (89.5%) participants believed that cervical cancer is preventable, only 37 (29.8%) had been previously screened and just one had previously been vaccinated against Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Conclusion: One-day cervical cancer screening may provide an opportunity to treat and educate women on the importance of cervical cancer screening. The “see and treat” effectiveness should be confirmed by larger studies.
Love your mistakes!—they help you adapt to change. How do knowledge, collaboration and learning cultures foster organizational intelligence?

PurposeThe study aims to determine how the acceptance of mistakes is related to adaptability to change in a broad organizational context. Therefore, it explores how knowledge, collaboration and learning cultures (including “acceptance of mistakes”) might help organizations overcome their resistance to change.Design/methodology/approachThe study used two sample groups: students aged 18–24 years (330 cases) and employees aged >24 years (326 cases), who worked in knowledge-driven organizations. Structural equation models were developed, assessed and compared.FindingsThe effect of the “learning climate” on “adaptability to change” mediated by “acceptance of mistakes” has been detected for young students aged 18–24 years; however, this relationship is not significant for business employees aged >24 years. This result indicates that organizations, unlike universities, do not use mistakes as a tool to support learning that is to lead to change.Research limitations/implicationsBoth samples used in the study were obtained from Poland. The business sample was in the majority represented by small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, the presented findings may only be applicable to Poland.Practical implicationsAcceptance of mistakes is vital for developing a learning culture. Mistakes help employees adapt to change. Hence, a learning culture that excludes the acceptance of mistakes is somehow artificial and may be unproductive. Paradoxically, the findings reveal that the fact that employees’ intelligence (adaptability to change) improves via mistakes does not mean that organizational intelligence will also increase. Thus, organizations that do not develop mechanisms of learning from mistakes lose the learning potential of their employees.Originality/valueThis study proposes a constant learning culture scale that includes the “acceptance of mistakes” and “learning climate” dimensions. Further, it empirically proves the value of mistakes for adaptability to change. Moreover, it also contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating the mechanism of the relationship between knowledge, collaboration and learning cultures in the context of adaptability to change. This study breaks with the convention of “exaggerated excellence” and promotes the acceptance of mistakes in organizations to develop organizational intelligence.
Deep Learning with Limited Data: Organ Segmentation Performance by U-Net

(1) Background: The effectiveness of deep learning artificial intelligence depends on data availability, often requiring large volumes of data to effectively train an algorithm. However, few studies have explored the minimum number of images needed for optimal algorithmic performance. (2) Methods: This institutional review board (IRB)-approved retrospective review included patients who received prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between September 2014 and August 2018 and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fusion transrectal biopsy. T2-weighted images were manually segmented by a board-certified abdominal radiologist. Segmented images were trained on a deep learning network with the following case numbers: 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, and 320. (3) Results: Our deep learning network’s performance was assessed with a Dice score, which measures overlap between the radiologist’s segmentations and deep learning-generated segmentations and ranges from 0 (no overlap) to 1 (perfect overlap). Our algorithm’s Dice score started at 0.424 with 8 cases and improved to 0.858 with 160 cases. After 160 cases, the Dice increased to 0.867 with 320 cases. (4) Conclusions: Our deep learning network for prostate segmentation produced the highest overall Dice score with 320 training cases. Performance improved notably from training sizes of 8 to 120, then plateaued with minimal improvement at training case size above 160. Other studies utilizing comparable network architectures may have similar plateaus, suggesting suitable results may be obtainable with small datasets.
Is Edu-Tourism a Sustainable Option? A Case Study of Residents’ Perceptions

In studies of the impact of tourism, considerable attention has been given to the attitudes and perceptions of host communities toward tourism. However, most of these studies have focused on tourism in general and on sporadic alternative tourism in particular. This study aims to fill a gap in the research literature by examining residents’ perceptions of the economic, socio-cultural, and environmental sustainability of edu-tourism. It contributes to the limited literature on edu-tourism and to that on residents’ perceptions of tourism in small island developing states. A sample of 300 (N = 300) residents was surveyed in the city of Famagusta in Northern Cyprus to investigate residents’ attitudes toward the sustainability of edu-tourism. ANOVA and Cramer’s V tests were applied to analyze the perceptions of residents of the social, economic, and environmental impacts of edu-tourism. The influence of the socio-demographic characteristics of the residents on their perceptions and attitudes was of these issues was also examined. The study revealed that there is a variety of attitudes among residents toward the sustainability of edu-tourism and that, although residents are generally positive about edu-tourism, attitudes toward its social and environmental sustainability are mixed.
Iso-peristaltic colonic loop interposition for the treatment of benign oesophageal stricture: a case report with review of literature

Dysphagia due to oesophageal strictures is the most debilitating symptom for a patient post corrosive ingestion. In the Indian sub-continent corrosive poison ingestion is mainly accidental (mainly in paediatric population), suicidal or sometimes may be homicidal, while the mainstay of treatment for corrosive ingestion would be early resuscitation and nutritional support. In spite of best efforts many patients would not survive, those patients who survive may have disabling sequel of stricture formation in the pharynx, oesophagus and even in the stomach. Short segment oesophageal strictures may be treated with repeated endoscopic dilatations, whereas long segment or multiple oesophageal strictures are treated surgically by by-pass surgeries. Stomach is the most favoured organ for oesophageal bypass, followed by colon and jejunum in many centres that perform such procedures. Here we present a case of iso peristaltic extended transverse colonic interposition based on mid colic artery in a patient of corrosive oesophageal stricture.
Behavioral Patterns of Completers in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs): The Use of Learning Analytics to Reveal Student Categories

The learning energy of MOOC completers has important reference value for future learners. Existing research focuses on the behavioral performance of dropouts and participants, but ignores the mining of completer behavior patterns. In this paper, Kmeans clustering method, descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and chi-square test were used to systematically study the behavioral characteristics and academic performance of 1,388 MOOC completers. The results show that there are significant differences in resource and task preferences, effort levels, and so on, and learners can be divided into hard-working harvesters and punch-in participants ; there is no significant difference in demographic characteristics. The article proposes strategies for improving teaching and promoting ordinary learners to improve learner behavior patterns and learning efficiency.
Operationalization, implementation, and evaluation of Collaboration Planning: A pilot interventional study of nascent translational teams

Abstract Background: The University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research hub supports multiple pilot award programs that engage cross-disciplinary Translational Teams. To support those teams, our Team Science group aims to offer a learning experience that is accessible, active, and actionable. We identified Collaboration Planning as a high-impact intervention to stimulate team-building activities that provide Translational Team members with the skills to lead and participate in high-impact teams. Methods: We adapted the published materials on Collaboration Planning to develop a 90-minute facilitated intervention with questions in 10 areas, presuming no previous knowledge of Science of Team Science (SciTS) or team-science best practices. Attendees received a short follow-up survey and submitted a written collaboration plan with their first quarterly progress report. Results: Thirty-nine participants from 13 pilot teams from a wide range of disciplines engaged in these sessions. We found that teams struggled to know who to invite, that some of our questions were confusing and too grounded in the language of SciTS, and groups lacked plans for managing their information and communications. We identified several areas for improvement including ensuring that the process is flexible to meet the needs of different teams, continuing to evolve the questions so they resonate with teams, and the need to provide resources for areas where teams needed additional guidance, including information and data management, authorship policies, and conflict management. Conclusions: With further development and testing, Collaboration Planning has the potential to support Translational Teams in developing strong team dynamics and team functioning.
Improved hotspot monitoring method for thermal management system of automotive traction motor

: Hotspots in traction motors of electric vehicles are normally considered to locate in end windings due to the loose packaging and no access to iron cores for heat dissipation. To ensure safety, end winding temperatures are typically monitored by thermocouples in thermal management systems for real-time cooling control. However, the authors’ study finds that slot winding temperatures will exceed end winding temperatures under high-speed operations due to the much higher additional loss caused by the alternating flux. Hence, the thermocouple would underestimate the actual peak temperature in electric machines, causing insufficient cooling and potential damage to insulations. For cost savings, additional thermocouples monitoring slot winding temperatures are usually not equipped in the automotive industry. To calibrate the peak temperature of windings, this study proposes an innovative approach based on the thermo-magnetic model of the traction motor, which provides the estimated slot winding temperatures only using the end winding sensors. As a result, the proposed method can provide much accurate peak temperatures for the thermal management system. Experimental tests validate the performance of the proposed method in improving the accuracy of hotspot monitoring.
An Alternating Manifold Proximal Gradient Method for Sparse Principal Component Analysis and Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis

Sparse principal component analysis and sparse canonical correlation analysis are two essential techniques from high-dimensional statistics and machine learning for analyzing large-scale data. Both problems can be formulated as an optimization problem with nonsmooth objective and nonconvex constraints. Because nonsmoothness and nonconvexity bring numerical difficulties, most algorithms suggested in the literature either solve some relaxations of them or are heuristic and lack convergence guarantees. In this paper, we propose a new alternating manifold proximal gradient method to solve these two high-dimensional problems and provide a unified convergence analysis. Numerical experimental results are reported to demonstrate the advantages of our algorithm.
Self-reported competency, knowledge and practices of teachers teaching primary children with autism in government schools of West Malaysia: a cross-sectional study

Background: Disability brings challenges and demands in the family and society which last for a long time. Children that are affected by disability are often kept at home, without access to opportunities other children might have, and education is one of the most effective ways to break the cycle of discrimination and poverty. Malaysia is committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, and teacher quality issues are among the Ministry of Education's focuses to ensure a successful journey for pupils with disabilities. In this study, we evaluated the competency, knowledge and implementation practices of teachers serving government schools in West Malaysia regarding teaching children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: 832 primary teachers from different states of West Malaysia participated in a web-based survey that assessed self-reported competency, knowledge and implementation practices with regards to managing children with autism spectrum disorder. Results: Respondents rated themselves as quite competent, and believed that they were knowledgeable regarding ASD and could implement ASD tasks. Frequency of training was a consistent predictor of competency. Respondents who had never attended a training course had significantly lower self-competency, lower level of knowledge, and lower implementation ratings than those who had attended even one course. Conclusions: Investments in training teachers on ASD are highly recommended to ensure these students are provided with quality of education they deserve.
Central coherence in adults with a high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. In a search for a non-self-reporting screening tool

Abstract Background Autism spectrum disorder in adults, especially high-functioning ones, is often difficult to differentiate from other mental disorders. Therefore, many adults with ASD are misdiagnosed, and their social difficulties are not adequately addressed. Moreover, frequent comorbid issues make diagnosis a challenging prospect. Most of the available screening and diagnostic tools rely on self-reporting, which can be a biased method. Weak Central Coherence is one of the main cognitive theories of ASD. According to research, individuals with ASD are slower in comparison to typically developed control on the uptake of context. The study goal was to see if the central coherence tasks could be used as a reliable screening marker that differentiates between high-functioning ASD and typically developed controls. Method Thirty males with ASD (as in DSM-5) and 30 demographically matched controls were investigated with Central Coherence Inferences Tests. Tests' scores and reaction times needed to complete the tasks in both groups were compared. Results High-functioning participants with ASD achieved a similar score in central coherence tests as the typically developed control group, but they needed significantly more time to solve them. The ROC analysis for both central coherence tests revealed AUC values of 0.73 in differentiating ASD from typically developed controls. Conclusions The results are discussed in reference to the clinical application of central coherence as a possible screening marker. Further research directions are proposed in terms of differential diagnosis of adults with ASD.
Renal colic secondary to ureteral metastasis: Rare presenting manifestation of prostate cancer

Received 24-06-2019 Accepted 11-07-2020 Available Online 25-07-2020 Published 30-07-2020 1 Lucian Blaga University – Faculty of Medicine, Sibiu, Romania 2 Academic Emergency County Hospital Sibiu – Urology Department, Sibiu, Romania 3 Clinical Institute Fundeni, 258 Fundeni, 022328, Bucharest, Romania 4Academic Emergency County Hospital Sibiu – I.C. U. Department, Sibiu, Romania * Corresponding Author: Valentin Pirvut E-mail: pirvut_vali@yahoo.com Renal colic secondary to ureteral metastasis: Rare presenting
Hitchhiking consequences for genetic and morphological patterns: the influence of kelp-rafting on a brooding chiton

Onithochiton neglectus is a morphologically variable, brooding chiton inhabiting coastal reefs throughout New Zealand and its Sub-Antarctic Islands. Southern O. neglectus populations are typically associated with buoyant kelp (Durvillaea spp.) and are potentially connected via kelp-rafting. Northern O. neglectus populations are less likely to raft, due to lower numbers of Durvillaea in northern New Zealand. To test for the impact of kelp-rafting on the spatial distribution of variation in O. neglectus, we undertook a combined analysis of morphological and genetic variation across the range of the species. Geometric morphometrics were used to assess shell shape. We detected a northern vs. southern split in shell shape, corresponding to the frequency of the O. neglectus/Durvillaea spp. association. To assess O. neglectus genetic patterns across New Zealand, we estimated phylogenetic trees with nuclear (ITS) and mitochondrial (COI and 16S) markers, which revealed distinct northern and southern lineages, and an additional lineage in central New Zealand. Neither the morphological nor genetic groups match existing O. neglectus subspecies, but are concordant with the patterns of association of O. neglectus with Durvillaea. We suggest that shell shape may be linked to O. neglectus’ regionally variable ecological association with kelp holdfasts.
COVID-19, gender inequality, and the responsibility of the state

Previous research has shown that women are disproportionately negatively affected by a variety of socio-economic hardships, many of which COVID-19 is making worse In particular, because of gender roles, and because women’s jobs tend to be given lower priority than men’s (since they are more likely to be part-time, lower-income, and less secure), women assume the obligations of increased caregiving needs at a much higher rate This unfairly renders women especially susceptible to short-and long-term economic insecurity and decreases in wellbeing Single-parent households, the majority of which are headed by single mothers, face even greater risks These vulnerabilities are further compounded along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, class, and geography Drawing upon the philosophical literature on political responsibility and structural injustice (specifically, the work of Iris Marion Young), I argue that while the state may not have had either foresight into, or control over, the disproportionate effect the pandemic would have on women, it can nonetheless be held responsible for mitigating these effects In order to do so, it must first recognize the ways in which women have been affected by the outbreak Specifically, policies must take into account the unpaid labor of care that falls on women Moreover, given that this labor is particularly vital during a global health pandemic, the state ought to immediately prioritize the value of this work by providing financial stimuli directly to families, requiring employers to provide both sick leave and parental leave for at least as long as schools and daycares are inoperational, and providing subsidized emergency childcare © 2020, International Journal of Wellbeing Charitable Trust All rights reserved