Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ADVANCES IN PEARL MILLET TO MITIGATE ADVERSE ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS EMERGED DUE TO GLOBAL WARMING

SUMMARY Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. ] is one of the most important crops of inhabitants of hot and dry conditions of the arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia. Like other crops, pearl millet is affected by temperature, rainfall (timing and quantity), CO 2 , solar radiation, soil types and the interaction of these elements. Now-a-days, global warming may cause serious problem in agricultural production, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. As the abiotic stresses affect the seed germination, plant growth and development, resulting in drastic reduction in yield. Pearl millet is a multipurpose crop grown in these areas due to its tolerance to high temperature, drought and salinity. But, further improvement for abiotic tolerance is of instant need, for economization of agriculture in these areas. Therefore, to develop/identify tolerant genotypes, knowledge of screening methods, stress tolerance mechanisms along with breeding techniques is important. Abiotic stresses decrease the rate of germination and may also inhibit the germination depending on heat tolerance of the genotype. A lot of genetic variability is available for heat, drought and salt tolerance in peal millet. Breeding for heat tolerance information of genetic variability, gene action (additive and non-additive), heritability, stability and correlation in relation to heat tolerance is available. Gene interactions on stress tolerance showed its complex nature of inherence. Both conventional as well as molecular breeding techniques were utilized for genetic improvement for tolerance against abiotic stresses in pearl millet.
The Effect of Food Safety and Quality on the Consumption and Price of Meat in Beijing, China

Shang, Xia; M.S.; Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics; College of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Natural Resources; North Dakota State University; March 2011. The Effect of Food Safety and Quality on the Consumption and Price of Meat in Beijing, China. Major Professor: Dr. Thomas I. Wahl. China's economic success has helped it become one of the largest markets in the world. As a result, the demand for agricultural commodities in China has experienced a significant increase. Increasingly affluent Chinese people are paying increasing attention to food safety and quality instead of just quantity. Understanding how meat demands and prices are related to food safety and quality in Beijing will provide guidance for industry and policymakers interested in the Chinese meat market. The purpose of this study is to develop two models to analyze meat demand and prices associated with food safety and quality respectively. First, An Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) is used to investigate the effects of food safety on meat consumption. To address the potential bias of zero consumption in the estimation procedures, a simulated maximum likelihood (SML) estimation is applied in the regression. Second, we analyze the implicit price of meat with the intrinsic and extrinsic attributes using a hedonic price model. Five meat categories are regressed on several intrinsic and extrinsic attributes in the model using household survey data collected in Beijing in 2007. The key results of this research have two major outcomes. First, food safety has a significant and positive influence on meat consumption for Beijing residents. Second, the quality-related attributes or characteristics such as meat appearance, supermarket, meat brand, and processed meat as well as demographic variables such as household head's income have a significantly positive influence on the price of meat, which suggest that the
Title Do behavioral needs influence the trading activity of individualinvestors ? Evidence from repeated natural experiments

Multiple natural experiments of large jackpot lotteries in Taiwan are used to document a substitution effect between individual investor trading and lottery buying. We establish five key findings. First, when the jackpot exceeds 500 million Taiwan dollars (about 15 million U.S. dollars), the number of shares traded by individual investors decreases by about 7% among stocks with high individual trading fraction, low market capitalization, high past returns, and high past turnover. Second, our approach reveals that the substitution effect is stronger among stocks with lottery features, with a decline in trading of about 9% among stocks with high return volatility and skewness. Third, the magnitude of the documented substitution effect increases monotonically with the jackpot. Fourth, firm-level trading activity reacts negatively to lottery drawings, and is statistically significant for a sizable number of firms. Finally, the aggregate number of shares traded by individual investors declines by 6% with lottery offerings. We attribute the substitution effect exemplified here to behavioral trading needs of individual investors, such as entertainment, sensation seeking, and gambling, and it appears consistent with the wider predictions of behavioral economics and finance. JEL Classification: G10, G12, G13, C51.
Financial reporting quality in Lithuanian state-owned enterprises

The aim of the research is to assess the quality of financial reporting of state-owned enterprises in Lithuania. Having evaluated the methods of quality assessment of financial statements presented in scientific sources, it was identified that financial accounting quality is often defined in the literature considering its qualitative characteristics. In the paper, fundamental and enhancing qualitative characteristics and the chosen methods of assessment were briefly discussed. The selected method of data collection for research was a content analysis of financial statements in 2017. The indexes for the qualitative characteristics of each individual financial statement were calculated. After the analysis of qualitative characteristics of financial statements, it may be stated that 45.90 % of enterprises have a sufficient and 50.8 % of them an average quality of financial statements. The maximum and the mean values of faithful representation, understandability, comparability and timeliness also reveal similar results that the quality of information is more than average. The total quality index is positively related to the sum of assets, revenues and the number of employees of the enterprise. The state-owned enterprise size indicators (assets, revenues, number of employees) can be considered as the determinants which influence information disclosure in the financial statements. JEL Codes: M41, L15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15544/ssaf.2019. 05
Information Retrieval in Digital Libraries of Music

Recently, large music distributors have started to recognize the importance and business potential oered by the Internet, and are now creating large music stores for electronic distribution. However, these huge musical digital libraries require advanced access methods that go beyond metadatabased queries for artists or titles, facilitating the retrieval of a certain type of music, as well as the discovery of new titles by unknown artists similar to ones likings. Several approaches for content-based indexing of audio les in order to support genre-based access via sound similarity have been proposed recently. In this paper we review the approaches and evaluate their performance both on a kind of de-facto standard testbed, as well as a large-scale audio collection.
Sensitivity of the marine biospheric Si cycle for biogeochemical parameter variations

A systematic quantitative assessment of the marine silicon cycle is presented, based on a prognostic coupled water column‐sediment global biogeochemical ocean general circulation model (HAMOCC). The resulting tracer distributions are compared with a comprehensive marine Si database of measurements. The model parameters which govern the Si cycle within the model world are optimized through a linear response model. The functional relationships between the Si cycle parameters and the Si tracer distributions are derived from a series of sensitivity experiments addressing opal export production, particle flux through the water column, porewater chemistry, and external biogeochemical forcing. The most important parameters for a further quantitative improvement of the simulation are depth‐dependent opal dissolution kinetics, a productivity‐dependent opal settling velocity, a general change in maximum Si uptake velocity Vmaxopal, and the clay as well as the Si input from continental weathering. The modeled Si budget shows a larger global export production, larger opal deposition rates onto the sediment surface and higher diffusive transports of porewater silicic acid into the open water column as estimated by Tréguer et al. [1995] .
Design of triple-bandpass filters using an asymmetric stepped-impedance ring resonator

An asymmetric stepped-impedance ring resonator (ASIRR) is proposed for the design of a triple-bandpass filter. This resonator is applied to create the former two passbands by utilizing a stepped-impedance circular ring and the third passband by introducing two asymmetric coupling structures. It is found that the S-parameter performance can be improved by adding a pair of shorted and open stubs, and the second passband and the stopbands on both sides of the third passband can be tuned by adjusting the length of open stubs. A prototype filter operating at 1.04, 3.52 and 5.57 GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured with the corresponding fractional bandwidths of 23.1%, 7.4%, and 4.1%. Good agreements between the simulated and measured results are achieved for the ASIRR filter. Also, four transmission zeros are generated.
DECENTRALIZATION OF EDUCATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF KENYAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Kenya has undertaken several educational reforms since independence in 1963. Several committees, commissions and task forces have been set up over the years with the mandate to make suitable recommendations on how to overcome the ever rising challenges facing the Kenyan education. The necessary legal and policy guidelines have also been prepared to guide the administration, management and governance of education, in line with the country’s educational philosophy. The latest educational reform of 2005 was geared towards decentralization of education. For this paper, decentralization is limited to the transfer of decision-making authority to stakeholders at the secondary school level. This paper therefore gives a brief history of educational reforms in Kenya, discusses the challenges facing the Kenyan education, the concept of decentralization and the limitations of secondary schools to promoting it. Lastly, it makes recommendations on what should be done for secondary schools to fully embrace the concept of decentralization in Kenya. Key words: challenges, decentralization, democratization.
Beyond the complex statistical analysis ; will Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Fiber Tractography be simply helpful to diagnosis for radiologist ?

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R-O-C≡N Species Produced by Ion Irradiation of Ice Mixtures: Comparison with Astronomical Observations

We have investigated the effects induced by ion bombardment of mixtures containing nitrogen-bearing compounds at low temperatures. The results show the formation of a band at 2080 cm-1 in binary mixtures, NH3 : CH4 and N2 : CH4, which we attribute to HCN embedded in the organic residue formed by ion irradiation. In addition to this band, ternary mixtures containing an oxygen-bearing species (i.e., H2O) form a compound with a prominent absorption band at about 2165 cm-1 (4.62 μm). We ascribe this band to a nitrile compound containing O that is bonded to the organic residue. A detailed comparison of the laboratory results with astronomical data of the 4.62 μm absorption band in protostellar spectra shows good agreement in peak position and profile. Our experimental studies show that N2, which is a more likely interstellar ice component than NH3, can be the molecular progenitor of the carrier of the interstellar band. This is an alternative to the pathway by which UV photolysis of NH3-containing ices produces the 4.62 μm band and implies that ion bombardment may well play an important role in the evolution of interstellar ices. Here, we discuss the implications of our studies for the chemical route by which the carrier of the 4.62 μm band is formed in these laboratory experiments.
THE IMPACT OF CREDIT RATING AS SCORING METHODS ON GCC MARKET INDEXES

How to cite this paper: Debab, N. and Al Mahari, A.M. (2017). The Impact of Credit Rating as Scoring Methods on GCC Market Indexes. Corporate Ownership & Control, 14(3-1), 223-235. http://dx.doi. org/10.22495/cocv14i3c1art8 Copyright © 2017 by Virtus Interpress
Interactive coupled ensemble: A new coupling strategy for CGCMs

This paper presents a new strategy for coupling state‐of‐the‐art oceanic and atmospheric general circulation models. The procedure is to use multiple realizations of the atmospheric GCM coupled to a single realization of the ocean GCM. The ensemble mean state of the atmospheric GCM fluxes are coupled to the ocean model thereby affecting the evolution of the coupled system. The traditional approach for generating a coupled ensemble is to apply the ensemble averaging to a collection of individual realizations a posteriori. This interactive ensemble technique is distinct from the traditional procedure because here the ensemble mean of the atmospheric models continuously interacts with the ocean model as the coupled system evolves. Simulation experiments with and without the interactive ensemble are described. The interactive ensemble coupled model produces realistic ENSO events that are irregular. This technique also dramatically improves the simulation of the global teleconnection associated with ENSO, and the ENSO‐monsoon relationship.
Safe Internet Browsing Using Heuristic Based Technique

Today while people are depending upon Internet for their personal use as well as for business purposes, the fraud becomes a great problem for the users. Without the knowledge of the end users, attacker takes individuals confidential information by offering attractive offers through fake websites or spreading fake rumours. After fetching all these confidential information attacker misuses data or privileges of the end users. There are two ways to secure from these attackers. One way is to avoid use of Internet and second way is to identify the attacker and be secure from them. To avoid Internet is not the right way today because everything is depended on Internet. Hence it is necessary to detect the attacker and secure individuals private data. Till now many approaches are found to detect fake websites. Among them are Bacterial Foraging algorithm, Visual similarity based approach, Statistical Learning Theory etc. Every approach has some drawbacks or limitations such as less efficient or time consuming or no up-to-date blacklist or phishtank (Database having the fake websites’ list). To detect the fake websites different techniques are proposed such as classifier technique, heuristics based technique, hybrid technique etc. In this paper, we propose a technique based on Heuristic based technique. In first Phase, website is identified based on different parameters like URL (Uniform Resource Locator), GTR (Google Top Rate), IP Address, Forms, age of domain. In second Phase, the visual similarity of the webpage is compared with the original website. The proposed approach also gives the suggestions to the users for their particular domain search that makes user more comfortable to use the system.
Energies and Relativistic Corrections for the Metastable States of Antiprotonic Helium Atoms

We present accurate results for the energy levels of antiprotonic helium atoms with the relativistic and QED corrections of order {alpha}{sup 4}mc{sup 2} taken into account. These results reduce the discrepancy between theory and experiment to about 5{endash}10ppm and rigorously confirm Condo{close_quote}s model of metastability for the long-lived fraction of antiprotonic helium. The present level of precision enables the unambiguous ascription of quantum numbers to all of the transition lines observed so far. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Informed agents for e market trading

Fully automated trading, such as e-procurement, using the Internet is virtually unheard of today. To fully automate the trading process agents need access to information from the market, the market environment and from general news sources. Here informed trading agents are built on a synthesis of the two technologies: data mining, and intelligent agents. This paper describes a demonstrable prototype e-trading system that is populated with informed agents and is available on the World Wide Web. This is part of a larger project that aims to make informed automated trading a reality.
A Quality by Design Concept on Lipid Based Nanoformulation ContainingAntipsychotic Drug: Screening Design and Optimization using ResponseSurface Methodology

The purpose of this study was to implement Quality by Design (QbD) concept to Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) containing Asenapine maleate (AM) in order to identify critical process and formulation variables which can affect product quality such as particle size (PS) and entrapment efficiency (EE). Initially, risk assessment using ishikawa diagram and preliminary investigation of critical variables was carried out. Two statistical designs were used to optimize critical variables which can affect product quality attributes i.e. PS and EE. Plackett Burman Design (PBD) was used to screen 8 variables and results showed that lipid concentration, surfactant concentration and sonication time had significant effect on PS and EE. These critical factors were further optimized using Central Composite Design (CCD), a type of response surface methodology, to assess its effect on PS and EE. Design space was identified and implementation of control strategy for responses generated quality of the desired product. Design space was generated for SLN for reducing intra-batch and inter-batch variability in formulation development process. Analysis of robustness of design space predicted that the formulation must be prepared in established design space to reduce batch variations. The results conclusively demonstrated the potential of QbD concept to build quality in SLN formulation.
Development of the method of evaluation of the level of environmental safety of housing accommodation and its approbation

The method of estimating the level of ecological safety of a housing accommodation by environmental factors: physical, chemical, microclimatic and aesthetic is presented. Groups of danger factors in the structure of such a category of life quality as “Environmental safety of a dwelling house” are formed. The analysis of modern scientific studies showed that the vast majority of researchers use the survey method when assessing the quality of dwellings. This approach is justified in terms of the ease of processing the results. However, when using this approach, it is difficult to avoid subjectivity in assessment. Qualimetric tables have been compiled for the scoring assessment of the selected environmental hazards factors. Based on the values of the hazard factors scoring assessment and their weight determination, a formula is proposed for determining the numerical value of the integral indicator of the environmental safety of the dwelling. The application of the developed method allows: – assessing the existing environmental safety level of residential premises to manage its quality, in terms of both new construction and reconstruction; – justifying the choice of new architectural projects regarding environmental safety in the room; – estimating the cost of a premise when it is purchased on the primary or secondary market in the conditions of equivalence of all other parameters such as location, the state of the infrastructure of the district, etc.
Time-series Forecast Modeling on High-Bandwidth Wide Area Network Measurements

With the increasing number of geographically distributed scientific collaborations and the growing sizes of scientific data, it has become challenging for users to achieve the best possible network performance on a shared network. We have developed a model to forecast expected bandwidth utilization on highbandwidth wide area networks. The forecast model can improve the efficiency of the resource utilization and scheduling of data movements on high-bandwidth networks to accommodate ever increasing data volume for large-scale scientific data applications. A univariate time-series forecast model is developed with STL and ARIMA on SNMP path utilization measurement data. Compared with traditional approach such as Box-Jenkins methodology to train the ARIMA model, our forecast model reduces computation time by 78.1%. It also shows resilience against abrupt network usage changes. The forecast errors are within the standard deviation of the monitored measurements.
Visualization of Time-to-Peak Changes on Cerebral Digital Subtraction Angiography for Patients Underwent Endovascular Therapy

Cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) image series are routinely used for treating cerebral arterial stenosis or occlusion. The time-to-peak value is an important hemodynamic parameter for treatment planning and prognosis assessment. The endovascular therapy is a standard procedure to treat stenotic vessels. This study aims to provide a technique to evaluate the change in TTP achieved by the treatment. A registration process is applied to the two time-to-peak images of two DSA dataset acquired from the same patient, before and after the endovascular therapy. The change of TTP can be precisely calculated from the registered TTP images for every pixel. The TTP-difference image displays the hemodynamic improvement achieved by the treatment procedure. This image can assist the physicians to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment visually and quantitatively.