Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Views of Survivors on dark heritage preservation

This paper discusses how survivors’ views in preserving dark heritage post-tsunami in Banda Aceh are. Little is known about survivors’ views in preserving the dark heritage and it is not clear what significance values are owned by the survivor in looking at sites that are suspected of being dark heritage in context post-tsunami. The research to date has tended to focus on perspective and preservation decisions from government, experts, and visitors rather than survivor views in the context of post-disaster heritage. This paper promotes survivors’ views in preserving dark heritage as a performance that transcends an emphasis on victim, toward framing a dark heritage construct that is productive and dynamic, a steward for post-tsunami disaster identities who have the significance values. The main question put in this research is: How “survivors’ views” in Banda Aceh together with its stigmatized image and identity can be interpreted in dark heritage post-tsunami disaster? This research is done from an interdisciplinary interpretative approach, using a combination of methods such as narrative and discourse analysis. The research shows survivors have an important role in preserving the dark heritage that productive and dynamic, together with culture and social practices where the mosque is considered as a component of heritage the most important to preserve. The current study is based on 50 peoples as key informant carried out on the July and August 2019, the findings suggest components such as the mosque, Ship PLTD Apung, ship above houses, mass grave, and social practices religious rituals be an important heritage for the community survivor as remembering. Survivor also said that dark heritage has a role practical in the region related to the rebuilding of sustainable urban heritage planning.
Optical properties of black carbon in cookstove emissions coated with secondary organic aerosols: Measurements and modeling

ABSTRACT Cookstoves are a major source of black carbon (BC) particles and associated organic compounds, which influence the atmospheric radiative balance. We present results from experiments that characterize BC emissions from a rocket stove coated with secondary organic aerosol. Optical properties, namely, BC mass absorption cross-section (MACBC) and mass scattering cross-section (MSC), as a function of the organic-to-black carbon ratio (OA:BC) of fresh and aged cookstove emissions were compared with Mie and Rayleigh–Debye–Gans (RDG) calculations. Mie theory reproduced the measured MACBC across the entire OA:BC range. However, Mie theory failed to capture the MSC at low OA:BC, where the data agreed better with RDG, consistent with a fractal morphology of fresh BC aggregates. As the OA:BC increased, the MSC approached Mie predictions indicating that BC-containing particles approach a core–shell structure as BC cores become heavily coated. To gain insight into the implications of our findings, we calculated the spectral simple forcing efficiency (dSFE) using measured and modeled optical properties as inputs. Good agreement between dSFE estimates calculated from measurements and Mie-modeled dSFE across the entire OA:BC range suggests that Mie theory can be used to simulate the optical properties of aged cookstove emissions. Copyright © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research
Global Trends of Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Impacts on Biodiversity: Spillover, Diversity and the Role of Bats in Evolutionary Relationships as Zoonotic Virus Reservoirs

1 School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Laboratory Investigation, Medicine School, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. 3 Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Fungal Bioprospecting Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Department of Protection and Animal Welfare Secretariat of Green Environment and Sustainable Development of Campinas, Prefecture of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 6 Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. Institute Adolfo Lutz (IAL), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 8 State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Impact of temperature on conduction mechanisms and switching parameters in HfO2-based 1T-1R resistive random access memories devices

In this work, the impact of temperature in the range from −40 to +150 °C on the leakage mechanism and resistive switching voltages of 1T-1R HfO2-based devices is investigated. By using incremental step pulses with an additional read and verify algorithm, the devices are switched from the high resistive state (HRS) to the low resistive state (LRS) and vice versa. In the HRS, the leakage current values are not affected by the temperature, suggesting a tunnel-like conduction mechanism through the filament constriction. By applying the quantum-point contact model, this temperature independence is attributed to compensation between the width and the height variations of the tunnel barrier. In contrast to the HRS, the leakage currents values of the LRS are decreasing linearly with raising temperature, suggesting a metal-like conduction mechanism. Therefore, the on/off ratio is slightly decreasing with increasing temperature. Regarding the switching voltages, no impact of temperature was found, ensuring stable s.
Hydrogen Peroxide Formation by Discharges in Argon/Water Vapor Mixtures at Atmospheric Pressure

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide production was studied in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge device. The discharge atmosphere was an argon/oxygen gas mixture of variable ratio with water vapor adjunction; H2O2 measurements were performed in liquid water droplets or films submitted to the post discharge effluent. With a coaxial reactor allowing an easy scaling, a parametric study has been performed with an argon and water vapor discharge plasma, taking in account the gas flow rate, the water content of this gas flow and the input power. Our best results on H2O2 production (800 ppm, 1.7 g.kWh-1) were obtained with 10 min runs in this reactor.
TransLoc: A Heterogeneous Knowledge Transfer Framework for Fingerprint-Based Indoor Localization

Transfer learning algorithms (TLAs) are often used to solve the distribution discrepancy issue in fingerprint-based indoor localization. However, existing TLAs cannot react well to real time changes in the environmental dynamics of the target space due to three remarkable shortcomings: a) redundant knowledge in source domain may lead to “negative transfer”; b) the required target domain samples to calculate the distributions are unrealistically feasible for real-time positioning; c) they cannot transfer knowledge efficiently across domains with heterogeneous feature spaces. In this paper, we propose TransLoc, a heterogeneous knowledge transfer framework for fingerprint-based indoor localization, which can perform knowledge transfer efficiently even with only one sample in the target domain. Specifically, we first refine the source domain according to the target domain by removing redundant knowledge in the source domain. Then, we derive a cross-domain mapping, which transfers the specific knowledge of one domain to another domain, to construct a homogeneous feature space. In this new feature space, the transfer weights are computed for training a classifier for target location prediction. To further train the framework efficiently, we combine the mapping and weights learning into a joint objective function and solve it by a three-step iterative optimization algorithm. Extensive simulation and real-world experimental results verify that TransLoc not only significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods but is also very robust to changing environment.
Functional Ecology of Forest, Heath, and Shrub Savannah Alternate States in Eastern Canada

In eastern Canada, alternation of wildfire regime due to fire suppression creates alternate vegetation states converting black spruce forest to heath and shrub savannah (SS). We compared the taxonomic diversity (TD) and functional diversity (FD) of post-fire forest, heath, and SS alternate states to determine if community FD can explain their persistence. We hypothesized that (i) species diversity (TD and FD) would be the highest in forest followed by SS and heath due to decreased interspecific competition and niche differentiation, (ii) differences between TD and FD indices would be greater in communities with high TD in forest due to high trait differentiation and richness, and (iii) changes in community trait values would indicate niche limitations and resource availability. We conducted this study in Terra Nova National Park, Newfoundland, Canada. We calculated functional dispersion (alpha FD), functional pairwise dissimilarity (beta FD), Shannon’s diversity (alpha TD), and Bray–Curtis dissimilarity (beta TD) from species cover. We used five functional traits (specific root length, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, height, and seed mass) related to nutrient acquisition, productivity, and growth. We found lower beta diversity in forest than heath and SS; forest also had higher species diversity and greater breadth in niche space utilization. SS was functionally similar to heath but lower than forest in functional dispersion and functional divergence. It had the highest functional richness and evenness. There was no difference in functional evenness between forest and heath. Functional beta diversity was the highest in forest, and did not differ between heath and SS. Resource acquisition and availability was the greatest in forest and the lowest in heath. We suspect that this might be due to forest having the highest functional trait turnover and niche utilization. We conclude that alternate vegetation states originating from alterations to the natural fire regime negatively impact ecosystem function.
Toxic heavy metals removal using a hydroxyapatite and hydroxyethyl cellulose modified with a new Gum Arabic

The objective of this work was to develop a process that allows the synthesis of an apatitic material of controlled composition and morphology, which could be used for medical and environmental applications. The adsorbent was synthesized, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, Thermal analysis and other techniques, Atomic Force Microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Total organic carbon. Different experimental parameters such as the effect of the amount of adsorbent, solution pH and temperatures and contact times were studied. Pseudo-order kinetics models were studied, and our data followed a pseudo second order. Experimental data were analyzed for both Langmuir and Freundlich models and the data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. To understand the mechanism of adsorption, thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy, standard Gibbs free energy, and standard entropy were studied. The study indicated that the process is spontaneous, exothermic in nature and follow physisorption mechanisms. The novelty of this study showed surface of composite based of hydroxyapatite has the ability to highlight the surface designed for efficient removal of Cu and Zn ions, from aqueous solutions more than other studies. © 2021Tim Pengembang Jurnal UPI Article History: Received 07 Oct 2020 Revised 28 Nov 2020 Accepted 03 Dec 2020 Available online 20 Jan 2021 ____________________
Factors Associated with the Frequency of Doing Domestic Chores After Mild to Moderate Stroke

: Background: While many studies research factors that affect Instrumental Activities of Daily Living after stroke, few studies research factors that affect domestic chores after stroke. This study aims to investigate factors that affect domestic chores after stroke. Methods: In this cohort study, 29 stroke patients were followed from the time they entered the rehabilitation ward to one month after discharge. Participants were included if they had been independently doing domestic chores before stroke onset and were independently walking inside the hospital after stroke onset. Variables were selected from demographics, physical function, cognitive function, psychological function, and functioning. The Spearman correlation between the domestic chores score of the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI) after stroke and variables was calculated. Results: The Timed Up and Go test ( r = 0.41, p = 0.03), the Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire ( r = 0.54, p < 0.01) and the Functional Independence Measure motor domain ( r = 0.57, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with the domes tic chores domain of the FAI. Unlike previous studies, cognitive function and depression also didn’t show a statistical relationship with domestic chores after stroke. Conclusion: Our results show that stroke patients should improve their self-efficacy to resume domestic chores after stroke, in addition to physical and cognitive functions. The results are also consistent with previous studies about the research relationship between self-efficacy and functioning.
Distribution System State Estimation With High Penetration of Demand Response Enabled Loads

Demand-side operations incentivize utility customers to take part in various grid services. A demand response enabled load (DREL) is a flexible grid asset that schedules electricity consumption in response to a time-of-use (TOU) energy price. Consequently, its energy profile differs from that of a conventional load that is insensitive to price. This difference may cause new challenges for distribution system state estimation (DSSE). It is well known that DSSE often needs to use pseudo-measurements based on historic load profiles to increase system observability. However, historic profiles of conventional loads are not representative of DREL behaviors. The inaccuracy impacts DSSE results and other DSSE-dependent operations. In this paper, we propose an online pseudo-measurement generation approach for DSSE with DRELs. We formulate an optimization model to represent DRELs self-adjusting actions. Sampling-based stochastic optimization techniques are proposed to account for uncertainties in DRELs. A set of representative DREL behavior data corresponding to the samples are used to characterize DREL pseudo-measurements. Case studies with modified IEEE 123-bus test system verify the validity of the proposed work.
Estimation of the Bivariate Kumaraswamy Lifetime Distribution under Progressive Type-I Censoring

Analyzing time to event data arises in a number of ﬁelds such as Biology and Engineering. A common feature of this data is that, the exact failure time for all units may not be observable. Accordingly, several types of censoring were presented. Progressive censoring allows units to be randomly removed before the terminal point of the experiment. Marshall-Olkin bivariate lifetime distribution was ﬁrst introduced in 1967 using the exponential distribution. Recently, bivariate Marshall-Olkin Kumaraswamy lifetime distribution was derived. This paper derives the likelihood function under progressive type-I censoring for the bivariate Marshall-Olkin family in general and applies it on the bivariate Kumaraswamy lifetime distribution. Maximum likelihood estimators of model parameters were derived. Simulation study and a real data set are presented to illustrate the proposed procedure. Absolute bias, mean square error, asymptotic conﬁdence intervals, conﬁdence width and coverage probability are obtained. Simulation results indicate that the mean square error is smaller and conﬁdence width is narrower and more precise when number of removals gets smaller. Also, increasing the terminal point of the experiment results in reducing the mean square error and conﬁdence width.
The Impact of Education on Domestic Terrorism in Asia: A Control Function Approach

ABSTRACT This paper studies the impact of education on domestic terrorism in Asian countries from 1970 to 2018. A control function approach is utilized to address the endogeneity of education on terrorism. Generally speaking, results show that education promotes domestic terrorism in Asia. Negative binomial regressions with and without control function are run for other parts of world to examine whether the patterns in Asia hold worldwide. Other important determinants of domestic terrorism in Asia include regime type, ethnic fractionalization, linguistic fractionalization, religious fractionalization, GDP per capita, and trade openness. This paper contributes to the literature by 1) applying a control function approach to control for possible endogeneity of education on terrorism, 2) analyzing exclusively Asia, a region where terrorism has been increasing rapidly over the last decade, (3) and focusing on domestic terrorism.
Dielectric particle-based strategy to design a new self-bending subwavelength structured light beams

During last 2 years it was shown that an electromagnetic field can be made to curve after propagation through a simple dielectric material of special shape, which adds a new-found degree of simplicity. This effect was termed ‘photonic hooks’ – it is an unique electromagnetic beam configuration behind a mesoscale dielectric particle with a broken symmetry and differ from Airy-family beams. PH features the radius of curvature, which is about 2 times smaller than the electromagnetic wavelength – this is the smallest curvature radius of electromagnetic waves ever reported. The nature of a photonic hook is in dispersion of the phase velocity of the waves inside of particle, resulting in interference. Here, we report a new dielectric particle-based strategy to design self-bending subwavelength structured light beams.
The effect of fiscal policy on economic growth in South Africa: a nonlinear ARDL model analysis

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the short-run and long-run asymmetric effects of fiscal policy, namely government spending on economic growth over the sample period 2004Q2 up to 2018Q1 for the South African economy.Design/methodology/approachNonlinear autoregressive distributive lag model is used to examine the short-run and long-run asymmetric effects of government spending on economic growth.FindingsThe results exhibit the negative change effect of government spending is found to be greater than the positive change effect of government spending on economic growth. Real effective exchange rate is found to have a positive and significant effect on economic growth both in the short run and long run. Whereas, inflation rate affects economic growth negatively and significantly in the short run and long run.Originality/valuePrevious empirical studies on the effect of fiscal policy on growth, at least for South Africa, consider only the asymmetric short-run effect while this paper extends the literature by incorporating asymmetries into the long-run effect. It provides a detailed analysis to the recent controversies on the effects of fiscal policy on growth.
Novel in situ sensing surface forces apparatus for measuring gold versus gold, hydrophobic, and biophysical interactions

The surface forces apparatus (SFA) was developed in the late 1960s as a powerful tool for investigating molecular interactions across apposing surfaces including the first measurement of van der Waals forces and interactions in biologic and liquid media. However, the SFA has two major disadvantages. First, it traditionally uses white light interference between back-silvered muscovite mica surfaces to measure distances and to infer forces from distance shifts during interaction of two surfaces. Hence, distance shifts and force measurement are not decoupled. Second, productive SFA interferometers are so far limited to measuring across mica versus mica or mica versus metal. Direct gold-gold configurations were suggested in the late 1990s but not experimentally achieved as proof-of-principle until recently using a templating technique. In this work, we show how we solve these two disadvantages. First, we present a new SFA design that decouples force and distance measurements with similar resolution. The presented SFA design is inexpensive and can be home-built with mostly commercially available parts. Second, we present an alternative physical vapor deposition approach to construct a stable gold-gold interferometer and demonstrate its performance showing hydrophobic interactions, bubble formation, hemifusion of bilayers, and friction experiments. The presented system is easy to use. The obtained results show excellent reproducibility, indicating that the designed SFA and the three-mirror gold-gold interferometer functions as well as or even better than the traditional interferometer configurations used in SFA. This opens SFA to a wide range of options for various possible applications. Specifically, the gold-gold configuration allows a broad range of surface modifications for studying biophysical interactions as demonstrated in this work.
Voice Pathology Detection Based on Deep Neural Network Approach

The advancement of technology offers solution to the complex problems faced by the society and brings the wellbeing of the individuals. Smart healthcare is prominent nowadays for diagnosis, treatment and constant monitoring which reduces visitation of hospital, transport cost and waiting time. Voice pathology is a decease which affects the person vocal cord so that one who facing difficult in speech. If the decease not identified in time, it leads to permanent loss of voice for an individual. Traditionally, the decease is identified through oral examination or manual procedures. Due to the advent of smart phone, one can record the voice and send it to the cloud server for processing. Our system classifies the voice data and provides the decision to the user. This greatly reduces the transport cost, and waiting time for oral examination at medical center. The mobile phone recorded the patient voice data and it will be stored into the cloud. The voice data is synthesized to signals and with the help of deep Neural network the voice pathology can be identified. The system has been tested with the data set and the test result shows promising.
Online prejudice and barriers to digital innovation: Empirical investigations of Chinese consumers

China is widely considered a world leader in e‐commerce. In recent years, e‐commerce in China has made significant progress and gone through rounds after rounds of innovations. Technological advancements have enabled the integration of online and offline channels, allowing consumers to choose their preferred shopping channel. Thus, competition and cooperation between online and offline channels have become important issues. Drawing on confirmation bias theory and the unique cultural lens (low uncertainty avoidance and a high level of cynicism) that exists in China, we conceptualize online prejudice and propose a model to analyse how it affects channel selection. A scenario‐based survey, along with an explorative pre‐study, was conducted to test our hypotheses. The results showed that prejudice toward the online channel does exist in China. Further, this online prejudice mediates the relationship between perceived uncertainty and channel selection. That is, uncertainty can induce consumers' online prejudice, which in turn predicts their channel selection behaviour. Furthermore, the mediating effect of online prejudice is contingent upon product type (i.e., experience products vs. search products).