Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SUPERNOVAE POWERED BY COLLAPSAR ACCRETION IN GAMMA-RAY BURST SOURCES

The association of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) with Type Ic supernovae presents a challenge to supernova explosion models. In the collapsar model for LGRBs, gamma rays are produced in an ultrarelativistic jet launching from the magnetosphere of the black hole that forms in the aftermath of the collapse of a rotating progenitor star. The jet is collimated along the star's rotation axis, but the concomitant luminous supernova should be relatively—though certainly not entirely—spherical, and should synthesize a substantial mass of 56Ni. Our goal is to provide a qualitative assessment of the possibility that accretion of the progenitor envelope onto the black hole, which powers the LGRB, could also deposit sufficient energy and nickel mass in the envelope to produce a luminous supernova. For this, the energy dissipated near the black hole during accretion must be transported outward, where it can drive a supernova-like shock wave. Here we suggest that the energy is transported by convection and develop an analytical toy model, relying on global mass and energy conservation, for the dynamics of stellar collapse. The model suggests that a ∼10 000 km s−1 shock can be driven into the envelope and that ∼1051 erg explosions are possible. The efficiency with which the accretion energy is being transferred to the envelope is governed by the competition of advection and convection at distances ∼100–1000 km from the black hole and is sensitive to the values of the convective mixing length, the magnitude of the effective viscous stress, and the specific angular momentum of the infalling envelope. Substantial masses of 56Ni may be synthesized in the convective accretion flow over the course of tens of seconds from the initial circularization of the infalling envelope around the black hole. The synthesized nickel is convectively mixed with a much larger mass of unburned ejecta.
Attributional and emotional determinants of aggression among African-American and Latino young adolescents.

Attribution theorists propose that negative actions of others perceived as intended elicit anger, and anger then functions as a motivator of hostile behavior. We examined the understanding of these attribution-affect-action linkages among young ethnic minority adolescents. Forty-four Latino and African-American middle-school children labeled as aggressive and a matched group of nonaggressives read causally ambiguous scenarios describing negative outcomes initiated by a hypothetical peer. They then made judgments about the peer's intentions, their own feelings of anger, and the likelihood that they would behave aggressively toward that peer
Ramachandra’s Technique of Giant Incisional Hernia Repair-A Novel Method

Giant incisional hernia is an uncommon, but significant, complication following laparotomy. Anatomical correction of giant incisional hernia remains a surgical challenge due to various wound complications inherent with different techniques instituted. Inspite of the risk factors and controversies, it is impetuous that we advocate a standard surgical procedure for giant incisional hernias. The anatomical separation of components has been proposed as the best treatmentfor large abdominal wall defects. Successful correction with the use of large prostheses is associated with high rates of wound complications, dehiscence and recurrence. This is mainly because the abdominal wall does not resume its elasticity and compliance completely. Moreover, the components separation method alone seems insufficient for huge defects, in which it is impossible to re-approximate the rectus muscles without tension. For these cases, we illustrate a novel operation using a modified component separation technique. Here is our institutional experience in a 60-year old lady who presented with a giant obstructed incisional hernia.
Evaluation of turkish bentonite for removal of dyes from textile wastewaters

Removal of reactive dyes from textile industry wastewaters is a great economic and environmental challenge. In this study, systematic adsorption tests were carried out using natural and modified bentonites to remove a textile dye, Procion Navy HEXL. The results indicated an optimum at 0.1% solids concentration and 4 h of mixing time. The modified bentonite (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, HTAB) had a 12-fold increase in the adsorption capacity compared to the natural bentonite. The zeta potential experiments revealed that the negative surface charge of natural bentonite at all pH values became positive upon modification with HTAB. These results clearly indicated that the negatively charged dye can adsorb onto bentonite surface via electrostatic attraction. In addition, adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich) were used to analyze the adsorption in the dye-bentonite system. It is concluded that bentonite after surface modification can be conveniently used in the abatement of reactive azo dyes in textile wastewaters.
Original Contribution HEAT STABILITY AND OPTIMIZATION OF INVITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METABOLITES PRODUCED BY RHIZOPUS OLIGOSPORUS NRRL 2710 AGAINST SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

The antimicrobial activity of Rhizopus oligosporus as a food grade microorganism is highly important to the food Industry in assessing the microbial safety, and shelf life of finished fermented food product. Studies were carried out to investigate the heat stability, optimization of antimicrobial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the growth filtrate produced by Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL 2710 using the agar well diffusion method. When the filtrate was heated at 20 o C, 40 o C and 60 o C for 20-60 min, it was inhibitory, but when the filtrate was heated at 40 o C, 60 o C, 80 o C and 100 o C for 80-100min the antimicrobial activity was not detected. The highest zone of inhibition (9.0mm) was observed against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi followed by Pseudomonas aureginosa showing an inhibition zone of 8.0mm while Staphyloccouss aureus, Corynebacteria diphtheriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae recorded an inhibition zone of 7.0mm. The least zone of inhibition (6.5mm) was detected against Proteus mirabilis. (control experiment). Optimization showed that the best pH and temperature were 4 and 37 o C respectively. The C: N ratio investigation indicated that the highest zone of inhibition of 15.0mm was observed against Salmonella typhi at ratio 3:5. The MIC and MCB were 2.5mg/ml for Proteus mirabilis and 5.0mg/ml for Corynebacteria diphtheria respectively. From this study, antimicrobial activities can be improved.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZnO NANOPARTICLES HAVING PRISM SHAPE BY A NOVEL GAS CONDENSATION PROCESS

The objective of this paper is to develop an innovative nanoparticles synthetic system that applies the theory of gas condensation in producing nanoparticles. This system is made up of vacuum system, temperature control system, cold trap system and nanoparticles automatic col- lection system. Under a vacuum environment, the system would use the energy produced by high frequency induction method to vaporize the pure zinc rod inside the crucible. During the vaporiza- tion process, He gas is filled in, so that the high-temperature vaporized metal can undergo mo- mentum exchange with He gas and at the same time, induce the vaporized metal to run to the low- temperature cold trap. Upon reaching the wall of the cold condenser having extremely low tem- perature, the vaporized metal would instantly condense, forming nanoparticles. The chemical com- position was verified using the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis(ESCA). It is known from the experiment that, this nanoparticles synthetic system can produce good quality ZnO nanoparticles having a shape of hexagonal prism. The FE-SEM image shows that its average diameter is 20 nm, and the size is very consistent. This paper also investigates into the relevancy of the ZnO nanoparticles towards the change of the time of repose and particle size when it is placed inside the de-ionized water. Besides, the Zeta potential and average diameter of ZnO nanofluid are also measured under different pH conditions, so as to analyze the stability of ZnO nanofluid suspension. Moreover, in order to verify the practicability of the fabricated ZnO nanoparticles, the ZnO nanofluid is inspected by UV/Vis absorption spectrum and the result shows that ZnO nanoparticles carries absorption ability within the wavelength that ranges from 350 to 550 nm.
Team resilience: A scoping review of conceptual and empirical work

ABSTRACT The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the literature on team resilience to gain insight into current thinking regarding its definition and conceptualisation, and to identify how researchers have operationalised and measured this concept. We conducted a systematic scoping review using the 5-phase approach proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. A total of seven databases were searched, followed by a citation search of eligible papers via Google Scholar. Of the 275 articles identified via the search process, 27 papers were deemed eligible for review. Several key findings regarding the literature on team resilience were observed: (i) definitions varied in terms of content (e.g. input or process), breadth (e.g. unidimensional versus multidimensional), and quality (e.g. essential and necessary attributes of key components); (ii) there was a predominance of single-level conceptualisations of team resilience; and (iii) there has been a reliance on cross-sectional research designs in empirical studies, which is incongruent with the dynamic nature of this concept. Key recommendations from this scoping review focus on definitional, theoretical, and methodological issues.
Electron spin resonance studies of anisotropy in semiconducting polymeric films

X-band electron spin resonance was employed to study the structural anisotropy in several polythiophene derivatives. Because of the dominating homoge- neous width, the obtained absorption spectra were Lorentzian-shaped. Information about the structural anisotropy was obtained from the position and width of the absorption peak. Qualitatively, the anisotropy was in full agreement with earlier results from X-ray diffraction, including a flip in molecular orientation with respect to the film substrate between solution-cast and spin-cast films. With the Monte Carlo technique, the spectra were fitted with a biaxial g tensor, an anisotropy parameter S, and an intrinsic width . The simulations showed that g could be treated as pseudo- uniaxial, with the unique axis along the side chains rather than along the ring normal. Closed-form analytical expressions relating g to the anisotropy were obtained and used for a quantitative assessment of the molecular anisotropy. Because the molecular g tensor for these materials was not known, a known value of S for one of the samples obtained by X-ray diffraction was used for normalization. Fairly consistent values were obtained for both g and S. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 3011-3025, 2003
Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the PIN Gene Family during Abiotic Stress in Tomato (Solanum lycopersium)

It is widely believed that the PIN gene family is the most important auxin efflux carrier in plants since the separation of pinformed mutant from Arabidopsis thaliana in 1991. Auxin transport and accumulation can be indirectly measured by the expression level of PIN genes. In recent years, members of the PIN gene family have been cloned in different species. Ten PIN genes (SlPINs) were identified in the genome data of tomato using the Arabidopsis PIN protein family for reference sequences. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 10 members were divided into “short” and “long” PINs. Chromosomal distribution map revealed that the SlPIN genes were unevenly distributed in eight chromosomes. We also studied the expression of 9 SlPIN genes under cold, drought and salinity by qRT-PCR, (SlPIN2 was not expressed in tomato leaves). The obtained levels of expression of the same genes was different under different stresses. Some genes were up-regulated under some stresses but were downregulated under other stresses. The relative expression of SlPIN6 clearly changed under cold and drought stress. The results here would provide the theoretical basis for the molecular cloning and resistance breeding of PIN genes in tomato. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers
Formative Evaluation of Near-Semantic Search Interfaces

This article reports findings from a usability study of an experimental near-semantic search interface. We present user preferences for exploring semantic recommendations and model a new user interface for subject suggestions based on the results. The resulting catalog search engine (Deneb 2.0) is in public beta implementation, available at: http://dunatis.grainger. uiuc.edu/deneb-2.
Finite-Time and-Size Scalings in the Evaluation of Large Deviation Functions Part I : Analytical Study using a Birth-Death Process

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Finite-Time and -Size Scalings in the Evaluation of Large Deviation Functions Part I: Analytical Study using a Birth-Death Process Takahiro Nemoto, Esteban Guevara Hidalgo, Vivien Lecomte
The Implementation of the Mention-Ranking Approach to Coreference Resolution in Russian

Coreference resolution is a fundamental ingredient for many downstream tasks in natural language-based applications. For Russian language, the work in coreference resolution is very limited. In this publication, we present a system inspired by the mention-ranking approach, which improves the state-of-the-art F1 score from 0.63 to 0.71, measured with the B3 metric. We evaluate various sets of feature combinations, and also discuss the limitations of the presented work.
Routing Protocol to Improve QoS in Hybrid Ad Hoc Networks

A lot of research is required to support real-time transmission with Quality of Service requirements in wireless communication. In the next generation wireless networks, mobile ad hoc networks should be integrated with infrastructure networks. The resource reservation-based QoS routing of MANETs is not applicable to hybrid networks because of inherit invalid reservation and race condition problems. To guarantee QoS in hybrid networks, we propose a QoSbased routing protocol by taking advantage of fewer transmission features of the hybrid networks. Simulation results indicate that the proposed routing protocol can improve QoS performance in terms of throughout packet delay and overhead.
Development of a Sexual Self-Confidence Scale and Its Psychometric Properties

The purpose of this study was to develop Sexual Self-Confidence Scale and to conduct validity and reliability analyses. Participants were 336 married individuals. Exploratory factor analysis has revealed three factors, which are Sexual Self-Disclosure, Sexual Courage, and Sexual Awareness that explain 66.55% of the total variance for 13-item scale. First-order and second-order confirmatory factor analyses provided a good fit to the data. The internal consistency reliability estimate was . 88 for overall measure, . 90 for Sexual Self-Disclosure Subscale, . 84 for Sexual Courage Subscale, and . 68 for Sexual Self-awareness Subscale. Furthermore, the present investigation examined the concurrent validity of Sexual Self-Confidence Scale. Correlations were found, suggesting excellent predictability between scales. Corrected item total correlations ranged between . 39 and . 71 and t-test results that compare upper and lower 27% groups were significant. According to these results, Sexual Self-Confidence Scale emerged as a reliable and valid scale to be employed in psychology fields.
Rhetorical Conventions in the Conclusion Genre: Comparing English and Persian Research Articles in the Field of Social Studies

The present study examined the generic structure of the conclusion section of English and Persian Research Articles (RAs) in the field of social studies with the aim of investigating the difference between the two languages. To do so, 50 English and Persian conclusions written and published in credible leading journals were analyzed based on Yang and Allison (2003) model. Results revealed that although there was a kind of unity between the two languages, there were differences between the two corpora. Regarding the frequency of the moves, English authors utilized Move 5 (i.e., Summarizing the study) and Step 2 of Move 6 (i.e., Indicating significance/ advantage) frequently; while, Persian authors used Move 2 (i.e., Reporting results) and Step 3 of Move 4 (i.e., Accounting for results) more. In addition, results showed that the least infrequent move and step in conclusion sections of English RAs were Move 4 (i.e., Commenting on results) and Step 4 of Move 4 (i.e., Evaluating results); whereas, the least frequent move and step in Persian conclusions were Move 7 (i.e., Deduction from the research) and Step 2 of Move 7 (i.e., Recommending further research). Regarding the sequence of moves, findings indicated that English authors tended to use Move 5 (i.e., Summarizing the study) as the opening move of the conclusion section; while, Persian authors utilized Move 1 (i.e., Back ground information) as the most prominent opening move. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n6s1p372
Did Implementing Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) of 1990 Improve Diet

Nutrition labeling, in the words of the then FDA commissioner, David Kessler, was to “help millions of Americans make more informed, healthier choices. ” Although the NLEA primarily focused on standardizing the nutrition facts label, its implementation also involved an informational and educational campaign on how to use the new nutrition facts label and the benefits of using it. Evidently label use more than doubled between 1989-91 and 1994-96. Most of the studies provide evidence of the effects of nutrition label use by comparing label users against non-users using data after NLEA was in effect. Using pseudo-panel data method, we find that implementing NLEA did not improve diet quality but use of labels did. Further, label usage showed no improvement in diet quality within a cohort but it did reveal significant differences among or between cohorts. We also test for differences in diet quality between the two periods by comparing individuals of similar characteristics using a non-parametric approach, the Mahalnobis distance matching technique. Differences across the two periods would be tested at different quantiles of the diet quality with an emphasis on label use and education levels.
Pgi Genotype Influences Flight Metabolism at the Expanding Range Margin of the European Map Butterfly

In species expanding their ranges in response to climate warming or for other reasons, individuals with superior dispersal capacity are often more likely than others to establish new populations beyond the current range boundary. Previous studies on butterflies have shown that molecular variation in the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi) is associated with variation in flight metabolic rate, flight capacity under unfavourable conditions, and dispersal rate. We examined allelic variation in Pgi in the European map butterfly (Araschnia levana), which has rapidly expanded northwards in Finland. We show that the kinetically fastest Pgi allele, Pgi-1, is associated with superior flight metabolic rate and is more frequent at the eastern Finnish expansion front than in old established populations in Estonia. In eastern Finland, the Pgi-1 allele is significantly more frequent in newly-established (age ca. 4 years) than in older populations (age 11 to 22 years), and the Pgi-1 allele is more frequent in the spring than in the summer generation, possibly because the greater mobility of the summer generation butterflies selects for Pgi-1. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that range expansion may select for increased dispersal capacity at the expansion front, which may in turn further elevate the rate of expansion.
Do precipitation and food affect the reproduction of brown brocket deer Mazama gouazoubira (G. Fischer 1814) in conditions of semi-captivity?

The births of brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) in a secondary lower montane forest called “yunga” in northwestern Argentina were compared with rainfall. Analyses were performed with rainfall and flower-fruit fall in an attempt to determine the possible importance of these seasonal variables in birthing. The births were not directly correlated with rainfall, but rather with the flower and fruit fall of exotic plant species. This may be related to favor the development of fawns, which eat the new and more digestible plant parts, accessible one month after their births. The non-seasonal births observed around the year could be related to the selection by the deer of some plant species that have been introduced into the region (Prunus, Morus and Psidium), have a longer fruiting span than the scarce native plant species.
Measure and mis-measure of species diversity in deep-sea chemosynthetic communities

Our knowledge of species diversity in deep-sea chemosynthetic communities has come a long way since their discovery in the late 1970s, However, their study poses serious challenges that are linked to their remoteness, the variable selectivity and effectiveness of sampling tools in different conditions, a lack of consensus on the size compartments and sieve size used in practice, and the persistent discovery of species that are previously unknown to science. Still, with increasing accessibility and new sampling tools, quantitative data are becoming both more frequent and extensive, reducing limitations in the estimation and comparison of species diversity. Here, we review the literature for common difficulties encountered in the measurement and comparison of species diversity within and among deep-sea chemosynthetic communities. We lay out recommendations for future and ongoing work that should lead to more accurate evaluations and more robust comparisons. We advocate: (1) complete transparency in the taxonomic levels used to compute reported diversity measures and public access to data tables after publication; (2) an effort to standardize size compartments and sieves used within the research community; (3) the use of families of species diversity measures that allow for differential weighting of abundant and rare species; (4) the evaluation of the completeness of inventories and the stability of all diversity measures for all groups of samples under comparison; and (5) caution in the use and interpretation of statistical tests on species diversity. Only through appropriate tools can we hope to gain the knowledge and understanding necessary for the management and protection of the often endemic fauna found in deep-sea chemosynthetic communities.
Testing the Present Value Model of Farmland Prices

This paper examines the adequacy of the constant expected returns version of the present value model of farm real estate and rent data over a 1921-1985 sample period. The nature of the model's failure to explain these data is remarkably similar to the kind of model failure that Campbell and Shiller [1987] uncovered in their study of U.S. stock market price and dividend time series. More specifically, real farmland prices tend to overreact to movements in real cash rents, falling much too far during periods of declining rents and rising much too far during periods of increasing rents.