Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting psychological well-being after emergency caesarean section: A preliminary study

The experience of emergency caesarean section (EmCS) is traumatic for many women. Up to now, a possible relationship between psychological variables before and after EmCS has not been studied. Therefore, the present study was designed, to examine whether the women's psychological condition during pregnancy correlates with their psychological well-being after EmCS. Questionnaires were administered in gestation week 32, a few days and one month after EmCS. A consecutive sample of pregnant women (N = 1981) completed questionnaires (the predictors) at Time 1. Predictors were operationalized by means of the Wijma-Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ vers. A), the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Stress Coping Inventory (SCI). Of those women who had an EmCS (N = 97), a selection (N = 40) completed questionnaires (the criterion variables) at Times 2 and 3. The criterion variables were operationalized by means of the W-DEQ vers. B, the Impact of Event Scale (IES), and the Symptom Checklist (SCL). Fear of childbirth (W-DEQ vers. A) was the best overall predictor of the three criterion variables, whereas general anxiety (STAI) was the best predictor of mental distress (SCL) after EmCS. In conclusion, according to the results of this study, particularly fear of childbirth during late pregnancy, but also general anxiety, is associated with mental distress after a subsequent EmCS. Maternal follow-up after a complicated delivery should perhaps be directed especially to women with a history of serious fear of childbirth and/or other anxiety difficulties during gestation.
Guided Bayesian imputation to adjust for confounding when combining heterogeneous data sources in comparative effectiveness research

&NA; In comparative effectiveness research, we are often interested in the estimation of an average causal effect from large observational data (the main study). Often this data does not measure all the necessary confounders. In many occasions, an extensive set of additional covariates is measured for a smaller and non‐representative population (the validation study). In this setting, standard approaches for missing data imputation might not be adequate due to the large number of missing covariates in the main data relative to the smaller sample size of the validation data. We propose a Bayesian approach to estimate the average causal effect in the main study that borrows information from the validation study to improve confounding adjustment. Our approach combines ideas of Bayesian model averaging, confounder selection, and missing data imputation into a single framework. It allows for different treatment effects in the main study and in the validation study, and propagates the uncertainty due to the missing data imputation and confounder selection when estimating the average causal effect (ACE) in the main study. We compare our method to several existing approaches via simulation. We apply our method to a study examining the effect of surgical resection on survival among 10 396 Medicare beneficiaries with a brain tumor when additional covariate information is available on 2220 patients in SEER‐Medicare. We find that the estimated ACE decreases by 30% when incorporating additional information from SEER‐Medicare.
Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof.

BACKGROUND The limited characterization of equine skin, eye and hoof epithelial stem cell (ESC) and differentiation markers impedes the investigation of the physiology and pathophysiology of these tissues. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To characterize ESC and differentiation marker expression in epithelial tissues of the equine eye, haired skin and hoof capsule. METHODS Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting were used to detect expression and tissue localization of keratin (K) isoforms K3, K10, K14 and K124, the transcription factor p63 (a marker of ESCs) and phosphorylated p63 [pp63; a marker of ESC transition to transit-amplifying (TA) cell] in epithelial tissues of the foot (haired skin, hoof coronet and hoof lamellae) and the eye (limbus and cornea). RESULTS Expression of K14 was restricted to the basal layer of epidermal lamellae and to basal and adjacent suprabasal layers of the haired skin, coronet and corneal limbus. Coronary and lamellar epidermis was negative for both K3 and K10, which were expressed in the cornea/limbus epithelium and haired skin epidermis, respectively. Variable expression of p63 with relatively low to high levels of phosphorylation was detected in individual basal and suprabasal cells of all epithelial tissues examined. CONCLUSIONS To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first report of the characterization of tissue-specific keratin marker expression and the localization of putative epithelial progenitor cell populations, including ESCs (high p63 expression with low pp63 levels) and TA cells (high expression of both p63 and pp63), in the horse. These results will aid further investigation of epidermal and corneal epithelial biology and regenerative therapies in horses.
Methylation‐specific multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification: utility for prenatal diagnosis of parental origin in human triploidy

When a triploid pregnancy is diagnosed prenatally, gynaecologists have traditionally relied on the histopathological examination of the tissue from the terminated pregnancy to determine if the pregnancy is molar. However, reproducibility is poor and variability is high when diagnosing hydatidiform moles. Triploid pregnancies can have either the chromosomal constitution of two maternal and one paternal set, or two paternal and one maternal set, but only the conceptuses with two paternal sets have the potential to cause maternal complications. Therefore, it would be beneficial to introduce a method that gives the gynaecologist the parental origin of the genome of the triploid conceptus as early as possible, without delaying the process by first collecting parental samples.
It's all about balance: propensity score matching in the context of complex survey data

&NA; Many research studies aim to draw causal inferences using data from large, nationally representative survey samples, and many of these studies use propensity score matching to make those causal inferences as rigorous as possible given the non‐experimental nature of the data. However, very few applied studies are careful about incorporating the survey design with the propensity score analysis, which may mean that the results do not generate population inferences. This may be because few methodological studies examine how to best combine these methods. Furthermore, even fewer of them investigate different non‐response mechanisms. This study examines methods for handling survey weights in propensity score matching analyses of survey data under different non‐response mechanisms. Our main conclusions are: (i) whether the survey weights are incorporated in the estimation of the propensity score does not impact estimation of the population treatment effect, as long as good population treated‐comparison balance is achieved on confounders, (ii) survey weights must be used in the outcome analysis, and (iii) the transferring of survey weights (i.e., assigning the weights of the treated units to the comparison units matched to them) can be beneficial under certain non‐response mechanisms.
Glucose control during a driving training in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus - a randomised, controlled trial.

AIM To investigate the effect of prolonged acute mental stress by means of a driving training on glucose control in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS 39 patients with insulin-treated diabetes (18 type 1, 21 type 2 diabetes) were exposed to mental stress by means of a 2 h-driving training. The training session started 15 min after intake of a standard meal. Blood glucose, blood pressure, heart rate, salivary cortisol, and subjective stress perception were monitored in regular intervals and compared to a control day. RESULTS On the stress testing day, blood pressure rose from 142/86±16/9 mmHg to 162/95±22/11 mmHg (p<0.001), heart rate from 72±11 bpm to 86±16 bpm (p<0.001) and subjective stress perception from 1.4±0.6 to 4.7±2.5 points (p<0.001). Salivary cortisol concentrations increased from a median of 5.1 nmol/l (Interquartile Range (IQR) 3.5-7.5 nmol/l) at baseline to 7.7 nmol/l (IQR 4.7-12.8 nmol/l, p<0.001), all these measurements remained stable on the control day. Glucose control showed no significant difference on the stress testing day compared to the control day (mean difference over time=0.22 mmol/l, 95%-CI -1.5 to +1.9 mmol/l, p=0.794). A multivariate linear regression and correlation analysis showed no association of demographic characteristics (diabetes type, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, HbA1c), objective or subjective stress parameters with the course of glucose concentrations during the driving training. CONCLUSIONS Although a 2 h-driving training causes increased subjective and objective stress parameters, glucose control is maintained in patients with insulin-treated diabetes.
Seven Challenges in Image Quality Assessment: Past, Present, and Future Research

Image quality assessment (IQA) has been a topic of intense research over the last several decades. With each year comes an increasing number of new IQA algorithms, extensions of existing IQA algorithms, and applications of IQA to other disciplines. In this article, I first provide an up-to-date review of research in IQA, and then I highlight several open challenges in this field. The first half of this article provides discuss key properties of visual perception, image quality databases, existing full-reference, no-reference, and reduced-reference IQA algorithms. Yet, despite the remarkable progress that has been made in IQA, many fundamental challenges remain largely unsolved. The second half of this article highlights some of these challenges. I specifically discuss challenges related to lack of complete perceptual models for: natural images, compound and suprathreshold distortions, and multiple distortions, and the interactive effects of these distortions on the images. I also discuss challenges related to IQA of images containing nontraditional, and I discuss challenges related to the computational efficiency. The goal of this article is not only to help practitioners and researchers keep abreast of the recent advances in IQA, but to also raise awareness of the key limitations of current IQA knowledge.
Non–Femoroacetabular Impingement

Abstract Femoroacetabular impingement is one of the causes of hip pain leading to acetabular labral tears and cartilage damage that may lead to the development of early osteoarthritis. More recently other causes of impingement have been recognized that may be the culprit for the painful hip. These causes include ischiofemoral, anterior inferior iliac spine/subspine and iliopsoas impingement. Ischiofemoral impingement syndrome is related to narrowing between the ischial tuberosity and lesser trochanter with abnormalities of the quadratus femoris muscle producing hip pain. Anterior inferior iliac spine/subspine impingement syndrome is defined as hip pain produced by abnormal contact between the anterior inferior iliac spine and proximal femur. Iliopsoas impingement may produce hip pain that is related to a thickened or taut iliopsoas tendon at the level of the acetabular rim/anterior hip capsule. Radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, or computed tomography may help to better elucidate the problem while excluding intra-articular pathology or femoroacetabular impingement. Keeping these causes of impingement in mind when evaluating the painful hip will aid in diagnosis.
Effects on coagulation of balanced (130/0.42) and non-balanced (130/0.4) hydroxyethyl starch or gelatin compared with balanced Ringer's solution: an in vitro study using two different viscoelastic coagulation tests ROTEMTM and SONOCLOTTM.

BACKGROUND Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions compromise blood coagulation. Low molecular weight, low-substituted HES products, and electrolyte-balanced solutions might reduce this effect. We compared the effects of in vitro haemodilution on blood coagulation with a balanced 6% HES 130/0.42 solution (HES(BAL)), a saline-based 6% HES 130/0.4 solution (HES(SAL)), a balanced lactated Ringer's solution (RL) and a saline-based 4% gelatin solution (GEL). METHODS Blood was obtained from 10 healthy male volunteers and diluted with the test solutions by 33% and 66%. Quality of clot formation was measured using two viscoelastic coagulation tests: SONOCLOT and activated rotation thromboelastometry ROTEM. RESULTS Of 16 parameters measured by the viscoelastic devices, we found three statistically significant differences compared with baseline for RL, but 11 for GEL, 10 for HES(SAL), and 11 for HES(BAL) in the 33% haemodilution group (P=0.01). Comparing the different solutions, we observed a significant difference between crystalloids and colloids but none between GEL and HES. In the 66% dilution group, effects on blood coagulation were increased when compared with the 33% dilution group. We found no differences in coagulation impairment between balanced and non-balanced HES products and no differences in the detection of impaired blood coagulation due to haemodilution between the two viscoelastic coagulation tests. CONCLUSIONS Both ROTEM and SONOCLOT are sensitive tests for the detection of impaired blood coagulation due to haemodilution. There are fewer effects on blood coagulation using crystalloids compared with colloids. The effects of GEL and HES are similar. There is no difference between balanced HES 130/0.42 and non-balanced HES 130/0.4.
Human-Animal Interaction

There is growing and widespread use of complementary and alternative medical (CAM) techniques among cancer patients. The National Cancer Institute recognizes a myriad of CAM techniques that may be used. Research demonstrates that cancer patients use these techniques to try to regain control of their disease process and treatment and to facilitate quality of life. The purpose of this article is to discuss the uses of CAM among cancer patients and to present findings of a pilot study in which cancer patients being treated in an inpatient hospital unit were randomly assigned to receive either a brief visit from a trained visitor dog and its handler, a visit from a friendly human visitor, or a session of quiet reading. Findings revealed that those who received the dog visit were more likely to view the visit as part of their therapy and were more likely to tell another person about the visit.
Apoptotic cells in six patients with IgA nephropathy in repeat biopsies

SUMMARY: Programmed cell death is a selective process of physiological cell deletion and is known as apoptosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between the existence of apoptotic cells in glomeruli and the clinical or histopathological findings obtained in repeat renal biopsies of patients with IgA nephropathy. Repeat renal biopsy specimens were obtained from six patients with IgA nephropathy. The nick end labelling method (TUNEL) was used for the detection of apoptotic cells. Clinical laboratory data, i.e. urinary protein excretion, creatinine clearance (Ccr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine, (s‐Cr) were obtained from these patients. At the first renal biopsy, apoptotic cells in the glomeruli were observed in three out of six patients using TUNEL. These patients were classified as the severe glomerular damage group. The other three patients without apoptotic cells were in the mild glomerular damage group. Mean levels of urinary protein excretion at the first renal biopsy in the patients with apoptotic cells were slightly higher than those in patients without apoptotic cells. Levels of Ccr in patients with apoptotic cells were lower than those in patients without apoptotic cells. There were no significant differences in the levels of BUN and s‐Cr in patients with or without apoptotic cells. Two patients with apoptotic cells in glomeruli at the first renal biopsy did not show apoptotic cells at the second renal biopsy. These two patients showed improvement not only in clinical laboratory findings but also in histological findings at the second biopsy. Only one patient with apoptotic cells at the first and second biopsies exhibited deterioration at the second biopsy. All three patients without apoptotic cells at the first renal biopsy also showed deterioration of the clinical laboratory and histopathological findings. It is postulated that various factors other than apoptosis might induce progression of renal injuries in such patients. It appears that the clinical laboratory data, i.e. proteinuria, renal function and histopathological findings, might be influenced by apoptosis in patients with IgA nephropathy. It is postulated that apoptosis may induce reduction of excess proliferative glomerular mesangial cells and/or infiltrating cells and tissue repair.
Satellite tobacco mosaic virus refined to 1.4 Å resolution.

Satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV) is among the smallest viruses, having 60 identical subunits arranged with T = 1 icosahedral symmetry. Its crystal structure was solved at 290 K and was refined using, in part, crystals grown in microgravity. Electron-density maps revealed nearly 57% of the genomic ssRNA. Using six flash-cooled crystals, diffraction data were recorded to 1.4 Å resolution and independent refinements of the STMV model were carried out versus the previous 1.8 Å resolution data representing merged data from 21 crystals (271,689 unique reflections), data consisting of corresponding reflections to 1.8 Å resolution from the cooled crystals and 1.4 Å resolution data from the cooled crystals comprised of 570,721 unique reflections. Models were independently refined with full NCS constraints using the program CNS and in restrained mode using the programs CNS, REFMAC5 and SHELX-97, with the latter two procedures including anisotropic temperature factors. Significant additional structural detail emerged from the analyses, including a unique cation and anion arrangement on fivefold axes and a precise assessment of icosahedral symmetry exactness in the crystal lattice. STMV represents the highest resolution native virus structure currently known by a substantial margin, and it permits the evaluation of a precise atomic model of a spherical virus at near-atomic resolution for the first time.
The US Food and Drug Administration's Sentinel Initiative: Expanding the horizons of medical product safety

Office of Medical Policy, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA Office of Surveillance and Biometrics, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852, USA Office of Surveillance and Epidemiology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852, USA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
MAGNIFYING ENDOSCOPY OF THE GASTRIC BODY: A COMPARISON OF THE FINDINGS BEFORE and AFTER ERADICATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Gastric mucosal changes observed by magnifying endoscopy before and after eradication of Helicobacter pylori have not been investigated, although histological changes have been reported. In a previous paper, we described the principal features of the gastric body of the H. pylori‐negative normal stomach observed by magnifying endoscopy. In this report, we describe the magnified features of the gastric body before and after successful eradication of H. pylori. On the basis of these magnified features, we tried to determine whether eradication had been successful in 54 patients by examining their magnified views. We also observed the lesser curvatures of patients over 1 year after successful eradication and evaluated the correlations between the magnified features and histological grade of atrophy.
cis-Tetra­aqua(η2-pyridine-2,5-di­carboxyl­ato-κ2O,N)­nickel(II) dihydrate

The title compound, [Ni(C7H3NO4)(H2O)4]·2H2O, was obtained by the reaction of nickel nitrate with 2,5-pyridine­di­carboxyl­ic acid (molar ratio 1:1) in water. The compound contains a six-coordinate NiII ion, which is bonded to the N atom and an O—C group of the carboxyl­ate group in the 2-position of the 2,5-pyridine­di­carboxyl­ate ligand, and four water O atoms. Intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions are present, linking the nickel complex and water mol­ecules in the crystal structure.
Metformina minimiza as alterações morfométricas no músculo sóleo de ratos submetidos à imobilização articular

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of metformin treatment on the muscle mass, fibers area and connective tissue area density in soleus (S) muscle under articular immobilization. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male Wistar rats (250-300g) were divided in 4 groups (n=5): control, treated with metformin, immobilized and immobilized treated with metformin. Immobilization was performed by acrylic resin orthoses on the left hindlimb keeping the ankle in neutral position during 7 days. The animals were euthanatized and the S muscle was dissected and weighed. Samples of its ventral portion were treated for inclusion in paraffin and stained in Hematoxylin-Eosin (H:E). The results were obtained through analyses of the muscular fiber area (images analyzed - Image Pro-plus 4,0), as well as of intramuscular connective tissue by means of planimetry. The statistical analysis was performed by normality test followed by ANOVA and Tukey (p<0.05). Hindlimb immobilization during 7 days promoted significant reduction (p<0.05) of 35% in the muscular mass; 44% (p<0.05) in the fiber area and increase of 216% (p<0.05) in the intramuscular connective tissue. The metformin in immobilized group promoted significant alterations (p<0.05) in the muscular mass. In addiction, it was observed significant increase (p<0.05) of 29.6% in the fibers area and significant reduction (p<0.05) of 67% in the intramuscular connective tissue. CONCLUSION: The metformin treatment minimized the reduction of muscle fibers area, as well as the increase of connective tissue in hindlimb immobilized muscle. These results suggest that metformin should be used to increase fast muscle recovery after hindlimb immobilization.
Validation of a coding algorithm to identify patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in an administrative database

International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM)‐based algorithms to identify patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been developed outside of the Veterans Affairs healthcare setting. The development and validation of such algorithms are necessary for the conduct of population‐based studies evaluating the epidemiology and comparative effectiveness and safety of therapies for HCC.
(μ-Diphenylphosphanido-κ2 P:P′)bis[2,2′-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)diphenyl-κ3 C 1,N,C 1′)gold(III)] perchlorate acetonitrile solvate

The title complex, [Au2(C17H11N)2(C12H10P)]ClO4·C2H3N, contains two AuIII atoms bridged by a diphenylphosphanide ligand. Each Au atom is in a square-planar environment coordinated by diphenylphosphanide and 2,6-diphenylpyridine ligands. There are weak π–π stacking interactions between neighbouring molecules (the interplanar separations between two neighbouring dpp units are 3.40 and 3.57 Å). The intramolecular Au⋯Au separation is 3.788 (5) Å. The crystal structure shows weak intermolecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds involving an O atom of the perchlorate counter-ion and the N atom of the acetonitrile solvent molecule, respectively.