Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Side branch fractional flow reserve after provisional stenting of calcified bifurcation lesions: The ORBID‐FFR study

We examined the incidence of side branch (SB) compromise after provisional stenting of calcified bifurcation lesions treated with rotational atherectomy (RA) or cutting balloon angioplasty (CBA) and the utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect functionally significant SB stenoses.
Obstructive sleep apnea is more severe in men but not women with refractory hypertension compared with controlled resistant hypertension

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with treatment-resistant hypertension (RHTN) and may contribute to refractory hypertension (RfHTN). The objective of the current study was to test the hypothesis that patients with RfHTN have more severe OSA compared with patients with controlled RHTN. Methods: Patients (n = 187) referred to the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hypertension Clinic for evaluation and treatment of RHTN, defined as uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) (SBP ≥ 130 mmHg or DBP ≥ 80 mmHg) despite the use of at least three antihypertensive medications including a diuretic, were enrolled following completion of at least three follow-up clinic visits. RfHTN was defined as uncontrolled high BP despite treatment with five or more antihypertensive agents of different classes, including a long-acting thiazide-type diuretic and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Following enrollment, all patients (n = 130) completed 24-h ambulatory BP measurement and overnight diagnostic polysomnography during normal nightly use of continuous positive airway pressure. Analyses examined the severity of OSA and related sleep characteristics among patients with RfHTN versus controlled RHTN. Results: Of the 130 evaluated patients, 37 (28.5%) had RfHTN and 93 (71.5%) had controlled RHTN. In unadjusted analyses, there was not a significant difference in OSA severity, oxygen saturation, or hypoxemia time in patients with RfHTN versus controlled RHTN (P > 0.05). Men with RfHTN had more severe OSA compared with men with controlled RHTN (P = 0.044). In adjusted analyses, OSA severity was associated with sex (P < 0.0001), but not hypertension phenotype (P = 0.17). Conclusion: The severity of OSA may contribute to RfHTN status in men but not women.
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Combination Therapy of HER2 Positive Breast Cancer

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) accounts for about 20% to 30% of all BC subtypes and is characterized by invasive disease and poor prognosis. With the emergence of anti-HER2 target drugs, HER2-positive BC patient outcomes have changed dramatically. However, treatment failure is mostly due to drug resistance and the special treatment needs of different subgroups. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors can inhibit multiple targets of the human epidermal growth factor receptor family and activate PI3K/AKT, MAPK, PLC γ, ERK1/2, JAK/STAT, and other pathways affecting the expression of MDM2, mTOR, p27, and other transcription factors. This can help regulate the differentiation, apoptosis, migration, growth, and adhesion of normal cells and reverse drug resistance to a certain extent. These inhibitors can cross the blood-brain barrier and be administered orally. They have a good synergistic effect with effective drugs such as trastuzumab, pertuzumab, t-dm1, and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors. These advantages have resulted in small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors attracting attention. The new small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor was investigated in multi-target anti-HER2 therapy, showed a good effect in preclinical and clinical trials, and to some extent, improved the prognosis of HER2-positive BC patients. Its use could lead to a de-escalation of treatment in some patients, possibly preventing unnecessary procedures along with the associated side effects and costs.
Association between periodontal disease due to Campylobacter rectus and cerebral microbleeds in acute stroke patients

Oral health conditions and cerebral small vessel disease, such as white matter lesions or cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), are associated with the incidence of stroke. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between oral health conditions (serum IgG titers of periodontal pathogens) with the presence or severity of CMBs in acute stroke patients. From January 2013 to April 2016, acute stroke patients were registered in two hospitals. Serum samples were evaluated for antibody titers against 9 periodontal pathogens using the ELISA method. The cut-off points for reactivity (the positive decision point) to each antigen were defined as more than a mean ELISA unit + 1 standard deviation (after logarithmic transformation) in all subjects. CMBs were evaluated on T2*-weighted MRI. In all, 639 patients were evaluated (ischemic, n = 533 and hemorrhagic, n = 106; 73.1 ± 12.9 years old). Among these patients, 627 were available for CMB evaluation. Among the 9 evaluated periodontal pathogens, only Campylobacter rectus (C. rectus) was associated with the presence of CMBs. the prevalence of positive serum antibody titers against C. rectus was higher among patients with CMBs than among those without CMBs (14.6% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.025). In addition, positive serum antibody titers against C. rectus remained one of the factors associated with the presence of CMBs in multivariate logistic analysis (odds ratio 2.03, 95% confidence interval 1.19–3.47, P = 0.010). A positive serum antibody titer against C. rectus was associated with the presence of CMBs in acute stroke patients.
Identification of a dynamic gene regulatory network required for pluripotency factor‐induced reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts and hepatocytes

The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides an excellent model to study mechanisms of transcription factor‐induced global alterations of the epigenome and genome function. Here, we have investigated the early transcriptional events of cellular reprogramming triggered by the co‐expression of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c‐Myc (OSKM) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and mouse hepatocytes (mHeps). In this analysis, we identified a gene regulatory network composed of nine transcriptional regulators (9TR; Cbfa2t3, Gli2, Irf6, Nanog, Ovol1, Rcan1, Taf1c, Tead4, and Tfap4), which are directly targeted by OSKM, in vivo. Functional studies using single and double shRNA knockdowns of any of these factors caused disruption of the network and dramatic reductions in reprogramming efficiency, indicating that this network is essential for the induction and establishment of pluripotency. We demonstrate that the stochastic co‐expression of 9TR network components occurs in a remarkably small number of cells, approximating the percentage of terminally reprogrammed cells as a result of dynamic molecular events. Thus, the early DNA‐binding patterns of OSKM and the subsequent probabilistic co‐expression of essential 9TR components in subpopulations of cells undergoing reprogramming steer the reconstruction of a gene regulatory network marking the transition to pluripotency.
Upper body movement analysis of multiple limb asymmetry in 367 clinically lame horses.

BACKGROUND Compensatory lameness is common in horses and evaluation can be challenging. OBJECTIVES To investigate patterns of compensatory movements in clinical cases with fore- or hindlimb lameness before and after diagnostic analgesia. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective clinical study. METHODS Multiple limb lameness of 367 horses was characterised by type (push-off, impact or mixed), limb (fore- or hindlimb in predominant lameness) and side (ipsi- or contralateral in concurrent lameness) using a body mounted inertial sensor (BMIS). Diagnostic analgesia was performed until the percentage improvement of the vector sum in forelimb lameness and the mean difference of the maximum or minimum pelvic height (PDmax or PDmin) in hindlimb lameness were ≥50%. Linear mixed model and post-estimation of effects were performed by contrast command with multiple comparisons adjusted by Bonferroni method. Correlation of pre- and post-analgesia of all head and pelvis asymmetry parameters were tested with Spearman's rank correlation. RESULTS Improvement in vector sum per mm after diagnostic analgesia in forelimb impact lameness positively correlated with decrease of PDmax in contralateral mixed lameness (0.187 mm, r = 0.58, p<0.05). Improvement in PDmin per mm after diagnostic analgesia in hindlimb mixed and PDmax in hindlimb push-off lameness decreased vector sum in ipsilateral forelimb impact lameness by 0.570 and 0.696 mm, respectively (p<0.05) with no positive correlation. MAIN LIMITATIONS A variety of cases with inhomogeneous distribution of lameness patterns was investigated retrospectively, therefore, it is impossible to distinguish between true multiple limb lameness and compensatory lameness in this clinical material. CONCLUSIONS Various asymmetry patterns of concurrent lameness were seen in horses with naturally occurring primary forelimb impact lameness with contralateral compensatory hindlimb lameness with a mixed component being the most common. In horses with hindlimb lameness, compensatory movements were seen in ipsilateral forelimbs, mostly as an ipsilateral impact lameness during straight line trot.
The influence of fire on the composition of Miombo woodland of SW Tanzania

Ecological experiences on Miombo woodland in Zambia are applicable to neighbouring areas in Tanzania. Studies undertaken in both countries show that fire is important in the ecology of Miombo woodland, resulting in ecological groups of species. However, although a continuum dynamic relationship exists among species in the different ecological groups, distinct association entities are not clearly defined.
Pattern and Component Motion Responses in Mouse

Juavinett et al. expand on the growinginterestofthemouseasamodelforvisualneuroscience, demonstrating that cells intwo areas of mouse visual cortex cancomputethe globalmotion ofaplaid. Thereport of these pattern direction cells inareas LM and RL, but not V1, AL, or AM,further delineates dorsal and ventralstreams in the mouse.
Signal Separation and Tracking Algorithm for Multi-Person Vital Signs by Using Doppler Radar

Noninvasive monitoring is an important Internet-of-Things application, which is made possible with the advances in radio-frequency based detection technologies. Existing techniques however rely on the use of antenna array and/or frequency modulated continuous wave radar to detect vital signs of multiple adjacent objects. Antenna size and limited bandwidth greatly limit the applicability. In this paper, we propose our system termed ‘DeepMining’ which is a single-antenna, narrowband Doppler radar system that can simultaneously track the respiration and heartbeat rates of multiple persons with high accuracy. DeepMining uses a number of signal observations over a period of time as input and returns the trajectory of the respiration and heartbeat rates of each person. The extraction is based on frequency separation algorithms using successive signal cancellation. The proposed system is implemented using the self-injection locking radar architecture and tested in a series of experiments, showing accuracies of 90% and 85% for two and three objects, respectively, even for closely located persons.
Developing Adolescent Boys Toward Adaptation of Male Sexual and Reproductive Health in Communities With Embedded Cultural Manhood Values

Manhood values are highly prioritized among most culturally orientated South African Black communities with an ideology that revolves around the concept of masculinity. The notion of manhood values is deeply rooted in male dominance, sexual drive, and traditional male circumcision. The goals of this study were to (a) explore the experiences of school health nurses in the provision of sexual and reproductive health among adolescent boys; and (b) recommend suggested action to develop adolescent boys to adapt a healthy behavioral lifestyle through a health-promoting school program. This study employed a qualitative approach utilizing a descriptive and exploratory research design. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was used to guide the study. Purposive sampling was used to select participants for individual interviews to collect data. A total of 21 school health nurses were selected to participate in face-to-face interviews. A thematic analysis was conducted using ATLAS ti (version 8) software. Five overarching themes were yielded and categorized as facilitators, barriers, and suggested action to improve sexual and reproductive health services as follows: (a) legislative frameworks and policies; (b) male medical circumcision, and prevention of HIV/AIDS and STIs; (c) lack of support from teachers and school-governing bodies; (d) risky sexual behaviors among the learners; and (e) empowerment and personal skills development. The study concludes with a discussion and recommendations that a comprehensive health-promoting school program should be developed for adolescent boys with guaranteed ownership and sustainability of male sexual and reproductive health.
Maternal Experience of Multiple Hardships and Fetal Growth

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Women can be exposed to a multitude of hardships before and during pregnancy that may affect fetal growth, but previous approaches have not analyzed them jointly as social exposure mixtures. Methods: We evaluated the independent, mutually adjusted, and pairwise joint associations between self-reported hardships and birthweight for gestational age z-scores in the Chemicals in Our Bodies-2 prospective birth cohort (N = 510) using G-computation. We examined financial hardship, food insecurity, job strain, poor neighborhood environment, low community standing, caregiving, high burden of stressful life events, and unplanned pregnancy collected via questionnaire administered in the second trimester of pregnancy. We used propensity scores to ensure our analyses had sufficient data support and estimated absolute differences in outcomes. Results: Food insecurity was most strongly associated with reduced birthweight for gestational age z-scores individually, with an absolute difference of −0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.45, 0.14. We observed an unexpected increase in z-scores associated with poor perceived neighborhood environment (0.18, 95% CI −0.04, 0.41). Accounting for coexposures resulted in similar findings. The pairwise joint effects were strongest for food insecurity in combination with unplanned pregnancy (−0.45, 95% CI −0.93, 0.02) and stressful life events (−0.42, 95% CI −0.90, 0.05). Poor neighborhood environment in combination with caregiving was associated with an increase in z-scores (0.47, 95% CI −0.01, 0.95). Conclusions: Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that experiencing food insecurity during pregnancy, alone and in combination with stressful life events and unplanned pregnancy, may affect fetal growth.
Office, central and ambulatory blood pressure for predicting incident atrial fibrillation in older adults

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objectives: Recently, more sophisticated blood pressure (BP) measurements, such as central and ambulatory BP (ABP), have proven to be stronger predictors of future cardiovascular disease than conventional office BP. Their predictive value for atrial fibrillation development is not established. We investigated the prognostic impact for incident atrial fibrillation of office, central and ambulatory BP measurements in a predominantly older population-based cohort. Methods: Of 1004 participants in the Cardiovascular Abnormalities and Brain Lesions (CABL) study, 769 in sinus rhythm with no history of atrial fibrillation or stroke (mean age 70.5 years) underwent ABP and arterial wave reflection analysis for central BP determination. Fine and Gray's proportional subdistribution hazards models were used to assess the association of BP parameters with incident atrial fibrillation. Results: During 9.5 years, atrial fibrillation occurred in 83 participants. No office BP variable showed a significant association with incident atrial fibrillation. Central SBP and central pulse pressure were marginally associated with incident atrial fibrillation in multivariate analysis. Among ABP variables, 24-h SBP [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 mmHg, 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07--1.44; P = 0.004], daytime SBP (adjusted hazard ratio per 10 mmHg, 1.21; 95% CI 1.04--1.40; P = 0.011) and night-time SBP (adjusted hazard ratio per 10 mmHg, 1.22; 95% CI 1.07--1.39; P = 0.002) were significantly associated with incident atrial fibillation. Conclusion: In a predominantly older, stroke-free community-based cohort, ABP was a better independent predictor of incident atrial fibrillation than central BP, whereas office BP was inadequate for this purpose.
A drug-gene network for understanding drug mechanism of action

Chemogenomics experiments, where genetic and chemical perturbations are combined, provide data for discovering the relationships between genotype and phenotype. Here, we computationally analyzed the largest chemogenomics dataset, which combines more than 300 chemicals with virtually all gene deletion strains in the yeast S. cerevisiae. Traditionally, analysis of chemogenomic datasets has been done considering the sensitivity of the deletion strains to chemicals, and this has shed light into drug mechanism of action and finding drug targets. We also considered the deletion strains which are resistant to chemicals. We found a small set of genes whose deletion makes the yeast cell resistant to many chemicals. Curiously, these genes were enriched for functions related to RNA metabolism. Our approach allowed us to generate a network of drugs and genes that are connected with resistance or sensitivity relationships. As a quality assessment, we showed that the higher order motifs found in this network make biological sense. Moreover, by using this network, we constructed a biologically relevant network projection pertaining to drug similarities, and subsequently analyzed this network projection in detail. We propose the drug similarity network as a useful tool for understanding drug mechanism of action.
Preoperative Opioid Use Is a Risk Factor for Revision Surgery, Complications, and Increased Resource Utilization After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair

Background: Studies have shown preoperative opioid use to influence outcomes after various surgical procedures. Researchers have not assessed this relationship after rotator cuff repair (RCR). Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose was to assess the relationship between preoperative opioid use and outcomes after arthroscopic RCR. We hypothesized that patients prescribed higher daily averages of preoperative oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) would show increased rates of 90-day complications and 3-year revision surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The MarketScan claims database was utilized to identify patients who underwent arthroscopic RCR between 2009 and 2018. We used preoperative opioid use status to divide patients into groups based on the average daily OMEs consumed in the 6 months before surgery: opioid-naïve, <1, 1-<5, 5-<10, and ≥10 OMEs per day. We retrieved 90-day complication and 3-year revision surgery rates. Opioid use groups were then compared with binomial logistic regression and generalized linear models. Results: We identified 214,283 patients. Of those patients, 50.7% did not receive any preoperative opioids, while 7.7%, 26.8%, 6.3%, and 8.6% received <1, 1-<5, 5-<10, and ≥10 OMEs per day over a 6-month time period, respectively. Complications increased with increasing preoperative OMEs. Multivariate analysis revealed that any patient using ≥1 OME per day had increased rates of 3-year revision surgery, reoperations, and infections. Specifically, patients averaging ≥10 OMEs per day showed a 103% (odds ratio, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.62-2.54]; P < .001) increase in the odds of revision surgery compared with opioid-naïve patients. Rates of hospital admissions and postoperative emergency department encounters were higher in all opioid use groups. Adjusted differences in 6-month preoperative and 3-month postoperative health care costs were seen in the opioid use groups compared with opioid-naïve patients, ranging from US$1307 to US$5820 (P < .001). Conclusion: Preoperative opioid use was a risk factor for complications and revision surgery after arthroscopic RCR. We also observed a dose-dependent response between opioid use and postoperative complications.
Modulating electrospun polycaprolactone scaffold morphology and composition to alter endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenic gene response

The aim of this study was to look at how the composition and morphology of polymer scaffolds could be altered to create an optimized environment for endothelial cells. Four polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds were electrospun with increasing fibre diameters ranging from 1.64 μm to 4.83 μm. The scaffolds were seeded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and cultured for 12 days. PCL scaffolds were then electrospun incorporating decellularized bovine aorta ECM and cultured in a hypoxic environment. We noted deeper cell infiltration on the largest fibre diameter compared to the other three scaffolds which resulted in an increase in the gene expression of CD31; a key angiogenic marker. Increased cell viability and cell proliferation were also noted on the largest fibre. Furthermore, we noted that the incorporation of extracellular matrix (ECM) had minimal effect on cell viability, both in normoxic and hypoxic culture conditions. Our results showed that these environments had limited influences on hypoxic gene expression. Interestingly, the major findings from this study was the production of excretory ECM components as shown in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The results from this study suggest that fibre diameter had a bigger impact on the seeded HUVECs than the incorporation of ECM or the culture conditions. The largest fibre dimeter (4.83 μm) is more suitable for seeding of HUVECs.
Dietary Lysine Requirements of Juvenile Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)

In order to study the lysine requirements of juvenile pompano(Trachinotus ovatus),six formulated diets with six levels(2.28%,2.46%,2.63%,2.73%,2.95% or 3.28%,respectively) of lysine fed juvenile T.ovatus [average initial body weight(14.78±0.41) g] for 56 days.Fish were stocked in seawater floating net cages(1.0 m×1.0 m×1.5 m) and fed twice daily(08:00 and 16:00) to apparent satiation.The results showed that weight gain ratio and specific growth rate increased with increasing dietary lysine levels,weight gain ratio(WGR) and specific growth rate(SGR) of fish fed diets containing 2.95% and 3.28% lysine were significantly higher than those of fish fed diets containing 2.28%,2.46% and 2.63% lysine(P0.05),and the highest WGR and SGR were found in the group with the diet containing 2.95% lysine(WGRmax=523.32%,SGRmax=3.26%/d),while no significant differences were found in WGR and SGR of fish fed diets containing 2.95% and 3.28% lysine(P0.05). Feed conversion ratio was firstly decreased and then increased with increasing dietary lysine levels,(P0.05),the minimum value of feed conversion ratio was 1.37 when the dietary lysine level was 2.95%. No significant differences were found in nutrient composition of the whole body and muscle,and the contents of serum glucose(GLU),cholesterol(CHO) and triglyceride(TG) of juvenile T.ovatus among all diet groups(P0.05). Broken-line model regression analysis indicates that the optimum dietary lysine requirement for growth of T.ovatus is 2.94% of diet(DM basis) or 6.70% of dietary protein.