Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Iatrogenic atrial septal defect persistence after percutaneous mitral valve repair: a meta-analysis

Abstract Background Percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) requires a puncture of the atrial septum, resulting in iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD), which usually causes a transient left-to-right shunt. However, the influencing risk factors for iASD persistence and functional consequences are not fully understood. This meta-analysis aimed to summarise available data on the persistence of iASD following PMVR. Methods The authors conducted a literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify studies investigating iASD persistence in PMVR patients. Results Six observational studies (n = 361) met inclusion criteria for the final analysis. Prevalence of persistent iASD was documented with 28% after 12 months follow-up. iASD size increased over time with a diameter of 5.3 ± 0.76 mm after one month and 6.5 ± 0.21 mm after 12 months. Possible predictors of iASD persistence after PMVR appeared to be pre-existing AF (RR 1.24; p = .03), residual mitral regurgitation > II° (RR 2.06; p = .03) and prolonged fluoroscopic time (RR 8.27; p = .01). Patients with iASD persistence had a higher risk for development of right heart overload regarding the increased area of the right atrium (MD 5.24; p = .004) and enlarged diameter of the right ventricle (MD 3.33; p < .0001). Rehospitalization was more frequently reported in iASD patients (RR 9.52; p = .004). Conclusions This meta-analysis proved iASD persistence in 28% of PMVR after 12 months follow-up with a higher risk for right heart volume overload and more frequent rehospitalization compared to patients without iASD persistence. Since percutaneous catheter-based treatments with transseptal approaches are rising, further evidence about the hemodynamic impact of persistent iASD is warranted. Graphical abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate regulates connective tissue growth factor expression in myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction

Objective This study aimed to investigate regulation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) during myocardial fibrosis (MF) in mice after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods An MI mouse model was established and cardiac function indices were detected by ultrasound. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to determine CTGF and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) cardiac expression. Mouse cardiac fibroblasts (MCFs) were used to study the mechanism of MF after MI. Results Cardiac function indices were lower after MI. Cardiac function indices were better in the MI + meglumine adenosine cyclophosphate (MAC) group than in the MI group, and CTGF expression in the MI + MAC group was downregulated. TGF-β1 expression was not different among the MI groups. Forskolin increased intracellular cAMP levels and inhibited CTGF expression in MCFs. Expression of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was significantly lower in the TGF-β1 + forskolin group than in the TGF-β1 group, while protein kinase A was significantly upregulated. CTGF expression was significantly lower in the TGF-β1 + forskolin + PD98509 group than in the TGF-β1 + forskolin group. Conclusions This study shows that cAMP upregulates protein kinase A expression through the p44/42MAPK signaling pathway and decreases p44/42MAPK phosphorylation levels, inhibiting CTGF expression.
Clothes4all: A Novel Resource for Studying and Improving Web Accessibility

We present a novel and versatile online resource named Clothes4all which is a website, web application, and tool likewise, and which can be used to study various aspects of web accessibility. The article elaborates on the tool's development, its features and possibilities, as well as use and potential methodology. Clothes4all mimics a web shop for clothes and consists as such of a set of coherent web pages that can be freely used, studied, and extended as desired, in particular aiming at user trials. The site's main feature is that single or multiple accessibility barriers can be injected into or removed from its web pages in a controlled manner. The primary application area of Clothes4all is the testing and validation of accessibility checkers and validators themselves, and hereby the site is expected to eventually contribute to more accessible web pages. A secondary application area is education, as Clothes4all is a great resource to learn about web technologies, web accessibility, assistive technology, user diversity, impairments, and other aspects of online accessibility.
Novel ALDH3A2 mutations in structural and functional domains of FALDH causing diverse clinical phenotypes in Sjögren–Larsson syndrome patients

Mutations in ALDH3A2 cause Sjögren–Larsson syndrome (SLS), a neuro‐ichthyotic condition due to the deficiency of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH). We screened for novel mutations causing SLS among Indian ethnicity, characterized the identified mutations in silico and in vitro, and retrospectively evaluated their role in phenotypic heterogeneity. Interestingly, asymmetric distribution of nonclassical traits was observed in our cases. Nerve conduction studies suggested intrinsic‐minus‐claw hands in two siblings, a novel neurological phenotype to SLS. Genetic testing revealed five novel homozygous ALDH3A2 mutations in six cases: Case‐1‐NM_000382. 2:c.50C>A, NP_000373. 1:p.(Ser17Ter); Case‐2‐NM_000382. 2:c.199G>T, NP_000373. 1:p.(Glu67Ter); Case‐3‐NM_000382. 2:c.1208G>A, NP_000373. 1:p.(Gly403Asp); Case‐4‐NM_000382. 2:c.1325C>T, NP_000373. 1:p.(Pro442Leu); Case‐5 and ‐6 NM_000382. 2:c.1349G>A, NP_000373. 1:p.(Trp450Ter). The mutations identified were predicted to be pathogenic and disrupt the functional domains of the FALDH. p.(Pro442Leu) at the C‐terminal α‐helix, might impair the substrate gating process. Mammalian expression studies with exon‐9 mutants confirmed the profound reduction in the enzyme activity. Diminished aldehyde‐oxidizing activity was observed with cases‐2 and 3. Cases‐2 and 3 showed epidermal hyperplasia with mild intracellular edema, spongiosis, hypergranulosis, and perivascular‐interstitial lymphocytic infiltrate and a leaky eosinophilic epidermis. The presence of keratin‐containing milia‐like lipid vacuoles implies defective lamellar secretion with p.(Gly403Asp). This study improves our understanding of the clinical and mutational diversity in SLS, which might help to fast‐track diagnostic and therapeutic interventions of this debilitating disorder.
Comparative Characterization Of Porous Carbon Materials Synthesized By The Replication Of Different Silicate Templates

Two mesosilicates and mineral clay were used as inorganic templates for the synthesis of porous carbon materials. Carbons templated by two mesoporous silica sources (TEOS and silicate/SBA-15) have mesoporous structure with cylinders of hexagonal cross-section. The first carbon product used the TEOS/SBA-15 template gives a higher surface area and narrower pore sizes, thicker wall whereas the second one from silicate/SBA-15 exhibits a less ordered structure, lower surface area, and pore volume. The third carbon sample templated by mineral clay has a moderate surface area and microand mesoporous structure. The porous system was made by the slit-shaped spaces between carbon nanoparticles or nanosheets. A small amount of resided inorganic template components has a strong effect on the porosity of the synthesized carbon materials.
Mapping trajectories and flows: facilitating a human-centered approach to movement data analytics

ABSTRACT This paper argues for a “human-centered” approach to knowledge discovery from movement data through the use of visualization and mapping. As movement data becomes more available and diverse in dimension and resolution, mapping becomes particularly important in the exploratory analysis of movement trajectories and for capturing patterns and structures in large origin-destination flow data sets. Movement phenomena (e.g. ranging from micro-movements of humans and animals to macro-level mobility, to migration flows, to spread of viruses) are complex dynamic processes which are realized in a multidimensional location-time-context space. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of various visualization techniques for mapping movement through the lens of cartography and with a special focus on the “human user” (e.g. data scientist, analyst, domain expert, etc.). We systematically characterize and categorize available techniques based on their visual specifications and functional capacities for human control, map-interaction, and design flexibility. These elements are beneficial to enhance the user’s capacities for map reasoning and knowledge discovery. Trends and gaps in the literature on movement visualization over the past 10 years are discussed. Our review suggests that future research should focus more on the role of the “human” in the development of human-centered visual analytic and exploratory tools, while providing functionalities for mapping uncertainty and protecting individual privacy in knowledge discovery of movement. These tools should be guided by a cartographic framework and visual principles specifically pertinent to movement.
Knowledge mapping in the discipline of financial literacy and charting the future directions

The field of financial literacy is ever evolving and a wide array of research has illuminated this field since last three decades. The present study explores the avenues of research dimensions in financial literacy domain by synthesizing the contributions of pioneering journals, authors, institutions and countries. The authors have deployed bibliometric and network visualisation tool such as VoS Viewer for analysing the bibliometric information obtained from Scopus database. Analysis of 762 nos of articles found in the dataset, published in 395 journals revealed 10 highly cited research article, 4 cluster of keywords and 8 clusters of countries that substantiated the research field. The VoS Network visualisation has been depicted for each parameter. The study found that financial literacy, human literacy, education and retirement constitute matured, yet potential research areas to be undertaken by scholars of Financial Literacy.
Buonocore research in adhesive dentistry : A remarkable sleeping paper

Dr. Buonocore, a pioneer of adhesive dentistry, published his landmark paper about increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling material to enamel surfaces in 1955. His paper was cited rarely till 1971, and then it suddenly became cited extensively, showing characteristics of a remarkable Sleeping Paper. The citation history of the Buonocore paper was retrieved from Web of Science. The citing papers were analysed with the VOSviewer and CitiNetExplorer software to identify the prince and asses the papers impact. The analysis showed that Buonocorès paper is a sleeping paper, with a very dynamic citation history. Peaks in the citation history occurred in conjunction with important milestones in the history of adhesive dentistry showing that Sleeping Papers may be used to identify important scientific discoveries and can significant events in the history of a discipline.
Diamonds on the Soles of Their Feet: Groundwater Monitoring in the Hout Catchment, South Africa

With the impulse to control and order the disorderly, the threads or tributaries of affect and emotion, which mimic the meanderings of the aquifer itself, are often oversimplified or ignored. These are not anomalies of citizen science (CS) but ‘normal’ and expected ‘disconnects’ that surface when working within a multidisciplinary environment. The article adds value to current discourse on CS by reflecting on the confusing configurations and shifting allegiances that are part and parcel of CS experience. In presenting research from a current project in the Hout Catchment, Limpopo Province in South Africa, it suggests that CS is often oversimplified and does not capture the array of emotions that emerge at multiple scales around CS projects. The authors reflect on the field, which is fraught, fragile and fleeting—and on the intrusions into the field—similar itself to an aquifer with its dykes and flows. Considering CS within the frame of feminist philosophy, it is emancipatory and personally transformative with the element of ‘surprise’ that the end point is undetermined—and the process, however much ‘planned’ is unknown. CS in this instance is a powerful tool for creating virtuous cycles of inclusion and equality and promoting sustainable development through improved water literacy through a grassroot, out-of-the-classroom pedagogy.
Globalisation and Economic Growth in India: An ARDL Approach

This study aims to investigate the relation between globalisation, which includes foreign direct investment (FDI), exports, imports, foreign remittances and economic growth in India. To achieve the said objective, Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds testing approach has been utilised. The study indicates that imports and FDI positively affect economic growth in India. On the other hand, exports and foreign remittances have negative and significant relationship with economic growth. This suggests that exports and foreign remittances take more time to spillover positive impact on economic performance of India. The findings suggest that FDI should be encouraged to promote exports, export-led growth and joint ventures with foreign investors in the country. JEL Codes: F30, F10, F10, F24, C22
Structural basis for activation and allosteric modulation of full-length calcium-sensing receptor

Multiple structures of full-length calcium-sensing receptors reveal the mechanism of activation and allosteric modulation. Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a class C G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays an important role in calcium homeostasis and parathyroid hormone secretion. Here, we present multiple cryo–electron microscopy structures of full-length CaSR in distinct ligand-bound states. Ligands (Ca2+ and l-tryptophan) bind to the extracellular domain of CaSR and induce large-scale conformational changes, leading to the closure of two heptahelical transmembrane domains (7TMDs) for activation. The positive modulator (evocalcet) and the negative allosteric modulator (NPS-2143) occupy the similar binding pocket in 7TMD. The binding of NPS-2143 causes a considerable rearrangement of two 7TMDs, forming an inactivated TM6/TM6 interface. Moreover, a total of 305 disease-causing missense mutations of CaSR have been mapped to the structure in the active state, creating hotspot maps of five clinical endocrine disorders. Our results provide a structural framework for understanding the activation, allosteric modulation mechanism, and disease therapy for class C GPCRs.
Conversion of mouse embryonic fibroblasts into neural crest cells and functional corneal endothelia by defined small molecules

Small-molecule cocktails converted fibroblasts into neural crest cells and functional corneal endothelial cells. Reprogramming of somatic cells into desired functional cell types by small molecules has vast potential for developing cell replacement therapy. Here, we developed a stepwise strategy to generate chemically induced neural crest cells (ciNCCs) and chemically induced corneal endothelial cells (ciCECs) from mouse fibroblasts using defined small molecules. The ciNCCs exhibited typical NCC features and could differentiate into ciCECs using another chemical combination in vitro. The resulting ciCECs showed consistent gene expression profiles and self-renewal capacity to those of primary CECs. Notably, these ciCECs could be cultured for as long as 30 passages and still retain the CEC features in defined medium. Transplantation of these ciCECs into an animal model reversed corneal opacity. Our chemical approach for direct reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts into ciNCCs and ciCECs provides an alternative cell source for regeneration of corneal endothelia and other tissues derived from neural crest.
Tracking interfacial single-molecule pH and binding dynamics via vibrational spectroscopy

Trapping light to atomic scales enables yoctoliter spectroscopy, unveiling individual molecular deprotonation events. Understanding single-molecule chemical dynamics of surface ligands is of critical importance to reveal their individual pathways and, hence, roles in catalysis, which ensemble measurements cannot see. Here, we use a cascaded nano-optics approach that provides sufficient enhancement to enable direct tracking of chemical trajectories of single surface-bound molecules via vibrational spectroscopy. Atomic protrusions are laser-induced within plasmonic nanojunctions to concentrate light to atomic length scales, optically isolating individual molecules. By stabilizing these atomic sites, we unveil single-molecule deprotonation and binding dynamics under ambient conditions. High-speed field-enhanced spectroscopy allows us to monitor chemical switching of a single carboxylic group between three discrete states. Combining this with theoretical calculation identifies reversible proton transfer dynamics (yielding effective single-molecule pH) and switching between molecule-metal coordination states, where the exact chemical pathway depends on the intitial protonation state. These findings open new domains to explore interfacial single-molecule mechanisms and optical manipulation of their reaction pathways.
Investigation of Surface-Functionalized CNT-Based Array for Detection of Acetone Vapors

This article provides a theoretical study of the possibility of reacting acetone, a common volatile organic compound (VOC) in human respiration, with carbon nanotubes modified with functional groups - carboxyl and amine. Analysis of efficiency of processes of sorption interaction of acetone molecule with modified nanosystem for development of recommendations for creation of perspective highly sensitive sensory devices using modified carbon nanotubes for detection of VOCs contained in human exhalation and diagnostics of various diseases.
Experimental and Analytical Assessment of the Power Parameters of the Combined Rolling-Extruding Process Using a Round Billet from Alloy 01417 Obtained Using an Electromagnetic Mold

Analytical and experimental studies have been carried out, which made it possible to propose new technological modes of combined rolling-extruding for the production of rods from alloy 01417 for the further drawing of wire for electrical purposes. The force parameters on the rolls and the die are calculated when extruding a rod with a diameter of 5 mm on the laboratory unit CRE-200 and the industrial unit CRE-400. The obtained values of the forces on the rolls and the die do not exceed the permissible values of the power load of the units. Therefore the selected parameters are suitable for conducting experiments on the manufacture of prototypes of rods. To verify the conclusions made, experimental studies were carried out on the CRE-200 unit at a temperature of 320 oC and a drawing coefficient μ = 12.1. The results of experimental studies in comparison with the calculated data showed that the deviation of the calculated data does not exceed 15%.
Features of the Formation of Structure and Geometry during Direct Laser Deposition of 321L Stainless Steel on Complex Groove Using the LENS Method

Additive manufacturing is a new approach to solving the problems of creating high-performance instrument components. This article is devoted to the solution of the narrowly directed problem of surfacing metal powder 321L using the LENS method on the solenoid valve core. The core is made of electrical steel, in which a complex groove is machined. The difficulty of this work was to accurately perform the geometry of the melt layer that is not standard for this method. As a result, the product was obtained according to a completely new approach to its design, which subsequently gave increased operational characteristics of the final product. The article presents the problems that can be encountered when performing complex crevice surfacing on a complex groove. The structure of the deposited layer is considered, defects characteristic of this method in the form of interlayer pores, unalloyed powder particles are identified and described. The LENS process control modes are presented in order to reduce defects and improve the development of surfacing geometry.
Response Surface Modeling and Optimization of Cutting Temperature in Turning of AISI 52100 Hardened Alloy Steel under Minimal Cutting Fluid Application

The heat generation and subsequent temperature rise in the cutting zone due to plastic deformation and friction at tool-chip-workpiece interface are critical parameters that have a significant impact on tool wear, tool life and surface integrity. This paper aimed to analyse the effect of cutting parameters such as, cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on the cutting temperature in turning of hardened AISI 52100 alloy steel of 58 HRC using multilayer coated carbide cutting tool insert under high velocity pulsing jet minimal cutting fluid application (MCFA) environment. Response surface methodology based central composite design (CCD) was used to investigate and optimize the cutting parameters on cutting temperature response. The quadratic regression model in terms of cutting speed, feed and depth of cut for cutting temperature was developed. The diagnostic and confirmatory tests were carried out to check its validity. The implication of the process parameters and their interactions were tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the cutting speed and feed were the main significant parameters affecting the cutting temperature, while depth of cut and quadratic term of cutting speed had a moderate effect. The predictive model developed indicates the 99% desirability level in turning of AISI 52100 hardened steel under the MCFA environment. The predicted values of cutting temperature response are in close agreement with the experimental results.
MUDDYING THE WATERS: MODELING THE EFFECTS OF EARLY LAND PLANTS IN PALEOZOIC ESTUARIES

Abstract: The Paleozoic evolution of vegetation transformed terrestrial landscapes, facilitating novel sedimentary processes and creating new habitats. This transformation left a permanent mark on the sedimentary record, perhaps most strikingly via an upsurge in preserved terrestrial mudrock. Whereas feedbacks between evolving vegetation and river structure have been widely studied, Paleozoic estuaries have so far received scant attention. Located at the interface between the land and sea, the co-adjustment of estuarine morphology and plant traits are fundamentally tied to a varied range of geochemical cycles, and determine how global silicate weathering patterns may have varied over time. Here we employ an eco-morphodynamic model with an in-built vegetation code to simulate estuarine morphology through five key stages in plant evolution. An abiotic model (early Precambrian? ) saw mud deposition restricted to fortuitous instances of limited erosion along bar-flanks. Estuaries colonized by microbial mats (Precambrian onwards) facilitated mud accretion that sufficiently stabilized bar surfaces to promote extensive mudflat development. Small-stature, rootless vegetation (Silurian–Early Devonian) introduced novel above-ground baffling effects which led to notable mud accumulation in lower-energy environments. The incorporation of roots (Early Devonian) strengthened these trends, with root structures decreasing the mortality of the occupying plants. Once the full complement of modern vascular plant architectures had evolved (Middle Devonian), dense colonization promoted the formation of in-channel islands accompanied with system-wide mud accumulation. These simulations suggest estuaries underwent profound change during the Paleozoic, with the greening of the continents triggering processes and feedbacks which render all previous source-to-sink sediment pathways non-uniformitarian.