Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polynomials with zeros on systems of curves

On a compact subset of the complex plane the supremum norm of a polynomial of degree n with leading coefficient 1 must be at least the n-th power of the logarithmic capacity of the set. In general, nothing more can be said, but if the polynomial also has zeros on the outer boundary, then those zeros may raise the minimal norm. The paper quantifies how much zeros on the boundary raise the norm on sets bounded by finitely many smooth Jordan curves. For example, kn zeros results in a factor (1+ckn/n), while kn excessive zeros on a subarc of the boundary compared to the expected value based on the equilibrium measure introduces an exponential factor exp(ck n /n). The results are sharp, and they are related to Turán’s power-sum method in number theory. It is also shown by an example that the smoothness condition cannot be entirely dropped.
Chalconoid Derived Heterocycles as Potent Bioactive Molecules: A Review

Although chalcones symbolize an important pharmacophore for variety of biological actions, however their analogues are also reported to be equally important for plethora of biological actions. In the present review, a comprehensive study of chalcones derived molecules (like pyrazoles, isoxazoles, pyridine, pyrimidine) their pharmacological actions, mechanism of action, structure activity relationship studies have been described.
Deforestation and hunting effects on wildlife across Amazonian indigenous lands

Deforestation and hunting are main wildlife threats in Amazonia, affecting the ecosystem and dwellers that rely on game meat. Data from 9109 hunted animals from 35 villages of 8 Pano indigenous lands in Brazilian Amazonia were used to build 4 indicators of wildlife status based on ecological models and to analyze the effects of deforestation, hunting pressure, and socioeconomic aspects on wildlife variation. Although variation in wildlife status indicated depletion in certain locations, hunters from most villages continued to hunt their preferred game after decades of intensive hunting. Indigenous hunting resulted in local depletion of species because of the dispersal of animals away from the source of hunting. This local effect can be explained by the permanent hunting of wildlife in the region, the behavior of Pano hunters, and the design and scale of this study analysis. Regionally, however, deforestation and associated factors are the cause of reduced population density and hunting success, extirpating sensitive species. Roads exacerbated hunting effects through disturbance, encroachment, and provision of access to livestock meat at markets. To avoid local depletion, indigenous people must review their subsistence hunting practices, whereas to achieve regional wildlife conservation and to maintain indigenous societies in Amazonia, wildlife habitat loss should be limited.
Theoretical study of spinel structure of FeAl 2 O 4 using density functional theory *

A first principles calculation of ternary spinel oxides FeAl2O4 is presented by means of density functional theory. The analysis of structural, magnetic, and electronic properties is performed using the GGA:PBE gradient corrected exchange-correlation functional. The results are presented for the structure and magnetic exchange interactions for a wide range of systems. The partial density of states of Fe, Al and O reveals that Fe cation has dominant source to study the magnetic properties of FeAl2O4. The electronic band gap is obtained showing the same value as reported in literature. The results and chemical trends are discussed in terms of atomic sites and orbital energies and relation between the valence kinetic and core kinetic energy are estimated using atomic orbital. The bond lengths of O-O, Al-O, Al-Al, Fe-Fe, Fe-O with their energy are estimated. The firstprinciples investigation of magneto structural coupling is discussed. The presented study can provide valuable information and insight into the physics of structure, especially in case of the magnetic and structural properties.
An incremental mirror descent subgradient algorithm with random sweeping and proximal step

ABSTRACT We investigate the convergence properties of incremental mirror descent type subgradient algorithms for minimizing the sum of convex functions. In each step, we only evaluate the subgradient of a single component function and mirror it back to the feasible domain, which makes iterations very cheap to compute. The analysis is made for a randomized selection of the component functions, which yields the deterministic algorithm as a special case. Under supplementary differentiability assumptions on the function which induces the mirror map, we are also able to deal with the presence of another term in the objective function, which is evaluated via a proximal type step. In both cases, we derive convergence rates of in expectation for the kth best objective function value and illustrate our theoretical findings by numerical experiments in positron emission tomography and machine learning.
Rabi oscillations of a quantum dot exciton coupled to acoustic phonons: coherence and population readout

While the advanced coherent control of qubits is now routinely carried out in low frequency (GHz) systems like single spins, it is far more challenging to achieve for two-level systems in the optical domain. This is because the latter evolve typically in the THz range, calling for tools of ultrafast, coherent, nonlinear optics. Using four-wave mixing micro-spectroscopy, we here measure the optically driven dynamics of a single exciton quantum state confined in a semiconductor quantum dot. In a combined experimental and theoretical approach, we reveal the intrinsic Rabi oscillation dynamics by monitoring both central exciton quantities, i.e., its occupation and the microscopic coherence, as resolved by the four-wave mixing technique. In the frequency domain this oscillation generates the Autler-Townes splitting of the light-exciton dressed states, directly seen in the four-wave mixing spectra. We further demonstrate that the coupling to acoustic phonons strongly influences the FWM dynamics on the picosecond timescale, because it leads to transitions between the dressed states.
ANALYSIS OF HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES IN HORSES WITH EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS

OF THESIS ANALYSIS OF HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES IN HORSES WITH EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS. Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), caused by the protozoan parasite Sarcocystis neurona, is one of the most important neurological diseases of horses in the Americas. While seroprevalence of S. neurona in horses is high, clinical manifestation of EPM occurs in less than 1% of infected horses. Factors governing the occurrence and severity of EPM are largely unknown, although horse immunity might play an important role in clinical outcome. We hypothesize that EPM occurs due to an aberrant immune response, which will be discernable in the equine IgG subisotypes a, b, and (T) that recognize S. neurona in infected diseased horses versus infected but clinically healthy horses. Based on previously-established serum antibody concentrations for IgG subisotypes in healthy horses, standard curves were generated and served to establish the concentration of antigen-specific IgG subisotypes in equine serum and CSF in infected diseased and infected normal horses. The subisotype concentrations and ratios between subisotypes were analyzed to assess whether neurological disease is associated with detectable differences in the antibody response elicited by infection. Results indicate a type I biased immune response in infected diseased horses, implicating the role of immunity in the development of EPM.
The psychological implications of breast cancer: A review of the literature ; Shattered motherhood: Young mothers living with breast cancer

The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review regarding the psychological implications of breast cancer, with a particular focus on younger women. In general due to their life stage, it appears that younger women have more problems with psychological adjustment to breast cancer compared to their older counterparts. Specifically, younger women appear to be more psychologically vulnerable to greater disruption to their daily lives due to the untimely nature of a breast cancer diagnosis, and have greater unmet practical needs, such as childcare. Limitations of the research literature are explored with specific attention to sample characteristics. Suggestions for future research are discussed based on methodological and conceptual issues. It is indicated that long-term outcome studies are required to strengthen the knowledge already attained within this field. Kelly Gibson Dr Moira O'Connor Dr Colleen Fisher August 2006
Detection of Kras mutations in pancreatic cancer samples collected by fine needle aspiration biopsy : an intermediate report on the first results and experience

150 Cyril ·álek, Miroslav Zavoral, Lucie Bene‰ová-Mináriková, Marcela Jelínková, Eva Traboulsi, Petr Hrabal, Vladimír Nosek, Marek Minárik Dedicated to Professor Pfiemysl Friã, MD, DSc, on the Occasion of his 75th Birthday 1 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Central Military Hospital, Praha, Czech Republic 2 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Praha, Czech Republic 4 Laboratory for Molecular Oncology, Genomac International, Praha, Czech Republic 5 Department of Pathology, Central Military Hospital, Praha, Czech Republic
Development of Powered Groundnut Harvester for Small and Medium Holdings in North Kordofan State in Western Sudan

A Powered groundnut harvesting machine was designed and fabricated. The optimum machine diggers were selected using computer simulation method in ANSYS 11 program. The machine was tested in sandy and clayey sand soil. It was found that the effective time and total time recorded by the machine in sandy soil were lower than in clayey sand soil by 0.050 hr. Fuel consumption rate in sandy soil was lower than that in clayey sand soil by 0.7 L / ha. Machine field speed in sandy soil was higher than speed in clayey sand soil by 0.69 km / hr, it was also found that the values of machine theoretical field capacity, effective field capacity in sandy soil were higher than the values in clayey sand soil by 0.061 ha / h and 0.048 ha / h respectively while field efficiency in clayey sand soil was higher than that in sandy soil by 1.2 %. The differences were significant at 0.05 level and it can be concluded that the machine is efficient in harvesting the groundnut crop particularly in clayey sand soil. Hydraulic system and gear box were needed to enhance maneuverability and to control the digging speed of the machine.
Russia's cumulative carbon budgets for a global 2°C target

Abstract Russia is the fifth highest emitter of carbon dioxide, having been in the top five for at least six decades. However, thus far no in-depth study has estimated Russia's cumulative emissions in the context of the global 2°C constraint. This is despite the IPCC reiterating the importance of cumulative emissions. Translating the global 2°C temperature commitment into a meaningful national context, this paper derives and evaluates 2°C-compatible carbon budgets for Russia, based on a range of apportionments. The work contributes to the debate by providing a deeper analysis of the principles of allocating carbon emissions to Russia. This analysis demonstrates how, if Russia is to make a fair contribution to global emission reductions in line with 2°C, its 2011–2100 cumulative emissions should stay within 20-26 Gt CO2, commensurate with a 37–52% probability of exceeding 2°C. If Russia continues to emit carbon dioxide at current annual levels, this budget will be “spent” by the mid-2020s. The carbon budget estimated here for Russia appears technically feasible, if extremely challenging. Despite continuing to assert itself as a fossil fuel superpower, Russia has a wealth of opportunities for full and early decarbonization, including the potential to become a net exporter of renewable energy.
Genomic Methylation Status for Discrimination Among Helicobacter Species: A Bioinformatics Approach

The genus Helicobacter comprises several species of both gastric and enterohepatic intestinal bacteria. H. pylori, the type species of the genus, is associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer in humans. H. pylori genome has a high number of restriction and modification (R-M) systems and their diversity is useful for strain typing. To analyse if such a high number of expressed methyltransferases is a characteristic of the genus Helicobacter, the genomic methylation of five non-pylori Helicobacter spp. (H. canadensis, H. canis, H. felis, H. mustelae and H. pullorum) was determined. The results revealed that the number of R-M systems among nonpylori Helicobacter spp. is smaller than those observed among a group of 221 H. pylori strains (p<0,001), but is greater than those observed for the mean of all bacteria sequenced genomes (p=0,005). 16S ribosomal RNA analysis of H. pylori sequenced strains and five non-pylori Helicobacter spp. clearly isolate H. pylori species. Surprisingly, the analysis of the genomic methylation status by MCRM algorithm performs similarly. This suggests that R-M systems do not appear to be spread in a miscellaneous manner, once even that these genes may be subjected to acquisition and loss; their expression still allows discriminating among Helicobacter spp.
Universal Service Obligation and Loyalty Effects: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach

In network industries, a Universal Service Obligation (USO) is often seen as a burden on an incumbent, which requires compensation for the net cost of such service provision. This paper estimates the effects of consumer loyalty as an intangible benefit of USO in the postal sector. In doing so, the agent-based modelling (ABM) approach is applied, which makes it possible to model the behaviour of boundedly rational consumers and is thus particularly appropriate for taking into account intangibles considerations. The analysis shows that loyalty is crucial to whether the USO uniform pricing constraint results in loss-making or profitability. Under certain conditions and in the presence of a loyalty parameter, uniform pricing gives a USO provider an advantage, when the size of the rural area is sufficiently big and a disadvantage, if its size is too small. This finding is counterintuitive as USO providers in countries with sparsely populated areas are typically expected to incur a significant net cost of USO.
Conservation Ecology: Ecological Sustainability of Birds in Boreal Forests

We review characteristics of birds in boreal forests in the context of their ecological sustainability under both http://www.ecologyandsociety. org/vol2/iss2/art17/ (1 of 23) [1/27/2009 11:49:05 AM] Conservation Ecology: Ecological Sustainability of Birds in Boreal Forests. natural and anthropogenic disturbances. We identify the underlying ecological factors associated with boreal bird populations and their variability, review the interactions between boreal bird populations and disturbance, and describe some tools on how boreal bird populations may be conserved in the future. The boreal system has historically been an area with extensive disturbance such as fire, insect outbreaks, and wind. In addition, the boreal system is vulnerable to global climate change as well as increasing pressure on forest and water resources. Current knowledge indicates that birds play an important role in boreal forests, and sustaining these populations affords many benefits to the health of boreal forests. Many issues must be approached with caution, including the lack of knowledge on our ability to mimic natural disturbance regimes with management, our lack of understanding on fragmentation due to logging activity, which is different from permanent conversion to other land uses such as agriculture or residential area, and our lack of knowledge on what controls variability in boreal bird populations or the linkage between bird population fluctuations and productivity. The essential role that birds can provide is to clarify important ecological concerns and variables that not only will help to sustain bird populations, but also will contribute to the long-term health of the boreal forest for all species, including humans.
Alpha and Beta Diversity of Lepidoptera in Eucalyptus Plantations in the Amazonian Region of Brazil

Abstract The Lepidoptera are among the insect groups with the greatest species diversity and ecological services. The distribution, abundance and variation in time and space of species in natural communities are important. The occurrence of pests (primary pest species) and those species with potential to cause damage (secondary pest species), plus other species, are studied in monitoring programs in forest plantations as groups I, II and III, respectively. The objective of this work was to study alpha and beta diversity patterns, and the effect of native forest in these indexes by monitoring Lepidoptera in eucalyptus plantations in the Amazonian region of Brazil. Surveys were conducted with light traps at 4 sites in this region. Alpha diversity was calculated with the Jackknife first-order procedure and beta diversity with the Jaccard index in order to estimate the dissimilarity per point and the effect of the distance between the native forest and the plantations on the Lepidoptera fauna. The richness showed 10 or 11 species of group I; 9 or 10 species of II and 378 to 409 species of III, without differences per group between regions. The curves of accumulated number of primary pest species stabilized between the 15th and 35th samplings and those for secondary pest species stabilized in the range from 20th to 70th samplings, with variations among sites. The estimation of richness for species of group III ranged from 50 to 100 species with a steep slope of the curve until approximately the 60th sampling with a slow increase and a tendency of stabilization in the 4 areas after this date. The primary pest species were the same in all areas and therefore their beta diversity was zero. The dissimilarity of secondary pests was similar between areas except for Felipe. Group III showed lower dissimilarity between Caracuru and Ponte Maria (14.88%) and highest values between Felipe and Pacanari (21.64%). The lower number of individuals of group I in Felipe and Ponte Maria and lower species richness of group III in Felipe can be explained by the proximity of eucalyptus plantations to the native forest. The knowledge of population dynamics and species richness of Lepidoptera defoliators is important for pest management. These indexes allow a better detection of species with a history of damage and decision-making with the most appropriate preventive measures for each situation.
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE AS STANDARDIZABLE CANDLES AND HIGH-REDSHIFT DISTANCE PROBES

We investigate the use of type Ic superluminous supernovae (SLSN Ic) as standardizable candles and distance indicators. Their appeal as cosmological probes stems from their remarkable peak luminosities, hot blackbody temperatures, and bright rest-frame ultraviolet emission. We present a sample of 16 published SLSN, from redshifts 0.1 to 1.2, and calculate accurate K corrections to determine uniform magnitudes in 2 synthetic rest-frame filter bandpasses with central wavelengths at 400 nm and 520 nm. At 400 nm, we find an encouragingly low scatter in their uncorrected, raw mean magnitudes with M(400) = −21.86 ± 0.35 mag for the full sample of 16 objects. We investigate the correlation between their decline rates and peak magnitude and find that the brighter events appear to decline more slowly. In a manner similar to the Phillips relation for type Ia SNe (SNe Ia), we define a ΔM 20 decline relation. This correlates peak magnitude and decline over 20 days and can reduce the scatter in standardized peak magnitudes to ±0.22 mag. We further show that M(400) appears to have a strong color dependence. Redder objects are fainter and also become redder faster. Using this peak magnitudecolor evolution relation, a surprisingly low scatter of between ±0.08 mag and ±0.13 mag can be found in peak magnitudes, depending on sample selection. However, we caution that only 8 to 10 objects currently have enough data to test this peak magnitudecolor evolution relation. We conclude that SLSN Ic are promising distance indicators in the high-redshift universe in regimes beyond those possible with SNe Ia. Although the empirical relationships are encouraging, the unknown progenitor systems, how they may evolve with redshift, and the uncertain explosion physics are of some concern. The two major measurement uncertainties are the limited numbers of low-redshift, well-studied objects available to test these relationships and internal dust extinction in the host galaxies.
Weeds and Wildlife: Perceptions and Practices of Weed Managers

Negative impacts of invasive plants or weeds on biodiversity have been well established yet their role in providing key habitats and resources for wildlife has been little understood. Weed removal thus has the potential to adversely affect wildlife but whether this is considered during weed management is poorly known. To determine the extent of this knowledge, we examined the perceptions of weed managers regarding wildlife and weed management in Victoria, Australia. We surveyed 81 weed managers of varying levels of experience from different types of organisations, including state and local government, community groups and private companies. We found 90% of managers had observed wildlife-weed interactions and that most (70%) adjusted management programmes to accommodate wildlife. Despite this, few (19%) had adopted the recommended practice of combining gradual weed removal with re-vegetation. While management programmes included monitoring of native vegetation, consideration of wildlife monitoring in weed management was rare. This highlights the need for management to better understand and respond to wildlife-weed relationships. If the improvement of wildlife habitat is included in the objectives of weed programmes, as it should be, then wildlife should also be incorporated in project monitoring. This would lead to a greater understanding of the role weeds and their management have in each situation and, ultimately, more informed decision making.
Application of Radial-Basis Function Networks to Radar Detection

This paper deals with the application of Radial-Basis Function Networks (RBFN) to radar detection. Attention has been paid on the influence of the Training Signal to Noise Ratio (TSNR) on detection performance. The influence of the network size has been studied too. Results show that the dependence on TSNR value is very high, but more important for complex networks. On the other hand, the results for different network sizes trained with their best TSNR values are very similar. Very good performance can be obtained using small networks trained with the appropriate TSNR value. Key-Words: RBFN, radar, detection, TSNR.