Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytotoxicity of Arsenate and Salinity on Early Seedling Growth of Rice ( A Threat to Sustainable Rice Cultivation in South and South-East Asia

Arsenic (As) contamination is an important environmental consequence in some parts of salinity-affected South (S) and South-East (SE) Asia. In this study, we investigated the individual and combined phytotoxicity of arsenic (As) [arsenate; As(V)] and salinity (NaCl) on early seedling growth (ESG) of saline-tolerant and non-tolerant rice varieties. Germination percentage (GP), germination speed (GS) and vigor index (VI) of both saline-tolerant and non-tolerant rice varieties decreased significantly (p[0.01) with increasing As(V) and NaCl concentrations. The highest GP (91%) was observed for saline non-tolerant BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan49, while the lowest (62%) was for saline tolerant BRRI dhan47. The ESG parameters, such as weights and relative lengths of plumule and radicle, also decreased significantly (p\0.01) with increasing As(V) and NaCl concentrations. Relative radicle length was more affected than plumule length by As(V) and NaCl. Although VI of saline-tolerant and non-tolerant rice seedlings showed significant variation (p\0.05), weights and lengths of plumule and radicle of different rice varieties did not show significant variation for As(V) and NaCl treatments. Results reveal that the combined phytotoxicity of As(V) and NaCl on rice seed germination and ESG are greater than their individual toxicities, and some saline-tolerant rice varieties are more resistant to the combined phytotoxicity of As(V) and NaCl than the saline non-tolerant varieties. out of eight varieties two showed tolerance in germination at high As(V) concentration. The results reveal that the individual phytotoxicity of As(V) in seed germination depends on rice varieties. Varietal differences of As phytotoxicity to rice seed germination have been reported in other studies and Meharg 2002; Marin al. 1992). The present study also shows that saline-tolerant rice varieties are more susceptible As(V) phytotoxicity the saline non-tolerant varieties. susceptibility of the saline-tolerant varieties to As(V)
A KRASIA I N M EDIATION A ND I N T HE A DHESION T O A RBITRATION P ROCESSES

Zapparolli, Celia Regina: Lawyer. In the last 20 years mediator, mediation professor, designer, and consultant of non-adjudicatory conflict and crisis management instruments. In this article we propose, still in an embryonic way, to analyze the Akrasia theme in the mediation pacts and the adhesion to arbitration processes. For this purpose, we consider some critical subjects for ADRs and, the Right: the asymmetrical relations, the contexts of imbalance of powers (in this article, labor and, gender); the high degree of conflict and violence (as domestic), bringing particular questions that seem relevant to us. In our point of view the Akrasia theme in ADRs is a significant field to research to a) understand how Akrasia can occur in the adhesion to arbitration and the pacts (settlements or agreements) in the mediation process; b) know how Akrasia can happen in asymmetrical relations and high degree of conflict and violence; c) identify instruments for overcoming Akrasia in ADRs and; d) understand if Akrasia would be able to invalidate the adhesion to ADRs and decision-making acts. So, We are talking about Akrasia in ADRs, thinking about autonomy in the decision-making process, especially in delicate situations of asymmetry, bringing any particular questions that seem relevant to us, in this context and to this context. Are we accepting Akrasia in arbitration adhesions and the mediation decision-making process, against the autonomy of the will? Is this an issue, a theme that interests just Brazil?
G ENERAL D IAGNOSTIC T ESTS FOR C ROSS S ECTION D EPENDENCE IN P ANELS

This paper proposes simple tests of error cross section dependence which are applicable to a variety of panel data models, including stationary and unit root dynamic heterogeneous panels with short T and large N . The proposed tests are based on average of pair-wise correlation coefficients of the OLS residuals from the individual regressions in the panel, and can be used to test for cross section dependence of any fixed order p , as well as the case where no a priori ordering of the cross section units is assumed, referred to as CD(p) and CD tests, respectively. Asymptotic distribution of these tests are derived and their power function analyzed under different alternatives. It is shown that these tests are correctly centred for fixed N and T , and are robust to single or multiple breaks in the slope coefficients and/or error variances. The small sample properties of the tests are investigated and compared to the Lagrange multiplier test of Breusch and Pagan using Monte Carlo experiments. It is shown that the tests have the correct size in very small samples and satisfactory power, and as predicted by the theory, quite robust to the presence of unit roots and structural breaks. The use of the CD test is illustrated by applying it to study the degree of dependence in per capita output innovations across countries within a given region and across countries in different regions. The results show significant evidence of cross dependence in output innovations across many countries and regions in the World. dynamic heterogeneous panels with (possibly) multiple breaks and unit roots, as well as for spatial panels. The tests are based on simple averages of pair-wise correlation coeﬃcients of OLS residuals from individual regressions and is shown to be valid under fairly general conditions even when
A Comparative Study on Arabic Grammatical Relation Extraction Based on Machine Learning Classification

: Grammatical Relation (GR) can be defined as a linguistic relation established by grammar, in which the linguistic relation is an association between linguistic forms or constituents. Fundamentally, GRs determine grammatical behavior, such as the placement of a word in a clause, verb agreement and passivity behavior. The GR of Arabic is aprerequisite for many natural language processing applications, such as machine translation and information retrieval. This study focuses on Arabic GR-related problems. The main difficulty of determining grammatical relations in Arabic sentences is ambiguity. Such grammatical ambiguity is caused by the large and complex nature of Arabic sentences. This study primarily aims to develop an efficient GR extraction technique to analyze modern standard Arabic sentences and address these issues with an optimum solution. This paper proposes a machine learning classification method to recognize subject, object and verb. To extract the correct subject, object and verb from sentence structure, the proposed technique enhances the basic representations of Arabic using Support Vector Machines (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and a combination between SVM and KNN algorithms. The system used 80 Arabic sentences as a training and test data set, with the length of each sentence ranging from 3 to 20 words. The results obtained by combination classification between SVM and KNN algorithms achieved 94.44% recall, 93.33% precision and 93.48% F-measure. This result proves the viability of this approach for GR extraction of Arabic sentences.
Immunizationby Otherwise Ineffective Parenteral Genetic Geography Switches on Protective Efficacy Mucosal Luminal Manipulation of T Cell

Genetic immunization holds great promise for future vaccination against mucosal infectious diseases. However, parenteral genetic immunization is ineffective in control of mucosal intracellular infections, and the underlying mechanisms have remained unclear. By using a model of parenteral i.m. genetic immunization and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), we have investigated the mechanisms that determine the failure and success of parenteral genetic immunization. We found that lack of protection from pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) challenge by i.m. immunization with a recombinant adenovirus-vectored tuberculosis vaccine was linked to the absence of M.tb Ag-speciﬁc T cells within the airway lumen before M.tb challenge despite potent T cell activation in the systemic compartments. Furthermore, pulmonary mycobacterial challenge failed to recruit CD8 T cells into the airway lumen of i.m. immunized mice. Such defect in T cell recruitment, intra-airway CTL, and immune protection was restored by creating acute inﬂammation in the airway with inﬂammatory agonists such as virus. However, the Ag-speciﬁc T cells recruited as such were not retained in the airway lumen, resulting in a loss of protection. In comparison, airway exposure to low doses of soluble M.tb Ags not only recruited but retained Ag-speciﬁc CD8 T cells in the airway lumen over time that provided robust protection against M.tb challenge. Thus, our study reveals that mucosal protection by parenteral immunization is critically determined by T cell geography, i.e., whether Ag-speciﬁc T cells are within or outside of the mucosal lumen and presents a feasible solution to empower parenteral immunization strategies against mucosal infectious diseases. The Journal of Immunology, 2007, 178: 2387–2395.
Wide‐bandwidth thru‐reflect‐line calibration for empty substrate‐integrated coaxial line with grounded coplanar transitions

Empty coaxial structures built with printed circuit boards have low radiation, low losses, high quality factor and non‐dispersive features. The full integration of empty substrate‐integrated coaxial line (ESICL) in a planar substrate is nowadays a fact thanks to a grounded coplanar transition. To properly characterize and measure this new ESICL family of devices, a low cost and easy to manufacture thru‐reflect‐line calibration kit is proposed to de‐embed not only the connectors and feeding lines, but also the ESICL transitions.
A reﬂector at 200 km depth beneath the northwest Paciﬁc

SUMMARY We present an analysis of precursors to PP produced by underside reﬂections from discontinuities in the upper mantle beneath the NW Paciﬁc. The events used for this study occur in the western Paciﬁc Rim (New Zealand, Fiji, Tonga, Solomon, New Guinea, Philippine Islands) and are recorded at the short-period Yellowknife Array (YKA) in northern Canada. The source–receiver combination results in PP reﬂection points which allow us to study the upper mantle structure in a corridor from the Hawaiian Islands to the Kuril subduction zone. To detect the weak precursors in the time window between the P arrival and the PP onset and to identify them as PP underside reﬂections, special array techniques are used. Our analysis indicates a reﬂector at a depth of y 200 km beneath the northwestern Paciﬁc. This reﬂector shows strong topography of some tens of kilometres on length scales of several hundred kilometres, complicating the detection of this reﬂector in global or regional stacks of seismograms. Different models for the impedance jump across the reﬂector, the thickness and the possible ﬁne structure of the reﬂector are modelled using synthetic seismograms and are compared with the data. The thickness of the reﬂector has to be less than 7 km and the P wave impedance contrast has to be larger than 5.0–6.5 per cent to be detected by this study. This corresponds to a P -velocity jump of y 4 per cent assuming the PREM density model.
Title: Monoterpenes Are the Largest Source of Summertime Organic Aerosol in the Southeastern United States Short Title (50 characters): Monoterpene SOA Dominate Atmospheric Fine Aerosol

: The chemical complexity of atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) has caused substantial uncertainties in understanding its origins and environmental impacts. Here, we provide new constraints on OA origins through novel compositional characterization with molecular-level details. Our results suggest that secondary OA (SOA) from monoterpene oxidation accounts for approximately half of summertime fine OA in Centreville, Alabama, a forested area in the Southeastern United States influenced by anthropogenic pollution. We find that different chemical processes involving nitrogen oxides, during days and nights, play a central role in determining the mass of monoterpene SOA produced. These findings elucidate the strong anthropogenic-biogenic interaction affecting ambient aerosol in the Southeastern United States and point out the importance of reducing anthropogenic emissions, especially under a changing climate, where biogenic emissions will likely keep increasing.
Structural Characterization of IS CR8 , IS CR22 , and IS CR23 , Subgroups of IS 91 -Like Insertion Elements (cid:1)

Analysis of IS CR8 (IS Pps1 ) revealed that this group of insertion elements has to be subdivided into three subgroups: IS CR8 , IS CR22 , and IS CR23 . The distinction of three subgroups is supported by phylogenetic analysis of the transposase open reading frames (ORFs). Comparison of over 20 complete and partial IS CR8 / 22/23 elements identiﬁed ori IS candidate sequences for all groups and a ter IS candidate sequence for IS CR8 . The ori IS sequences, their distance to the transposase ORFs, and the sequence of this intervening region are group speciﬁc, further supporting the deﬁnition of two new IS CR elements. IS CR8/22/23 have a very broad host range, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, among which are several (opportu- nistic) pathogens. The IS often resides on plasmids or in the vicinity of other mobile elements and is mostly associated with genes for the degradation of halo- or nitro-aromatics. However, in one case IS CR8 was found in the neighborhood of an antibiotic resistance determinant in Klebsiella pneumoniae . IS CR8 resembles other IS91 family elements in mediating genetic
Spatiotemporal Changes in Precipitation Concentration Indicators Over Iran

9 This study was conducted to investigate the spatiotemporal variability in precipitation concentration over Iran. For that 10 purpose, daily precipitation data with a spatial resolution of 0.25° × 0.25° from the Asfazari database for the period 11 from 01/01/1962 to 31/12/2019 were used. Three indices including the precipitation concentration index (PCI), 12 precipitation concentration period (PCP), and precipitation concentration degree (PCD) were utilized for examination of 13 the variability in precipitation concentration over the country. The results demonstrated that the central, south-eastern, 14 and eastern parts of the country exhibited maximum temporal precipitation concentration, while the least precipitation 15 concentration could be observed over the Caspian coasts and the northern half of the country. The year 1998 was 16 selected as the change point due to the considerable difference in the values of the examined indices, and the long-term 17 statistical period was divided into two sub-periods before and after the change. During the sub-period after the change 18 point (1999-2019), precipitation concentration has increased in the western, central, eastern, and south-eastern parts of 19 Iran, according to PCI and PCD, and has decreased in the North and Northeast and along the northern coastline of 20 Oman Sea. Furthermore, there have been great spatial differences in the period of occurrence of precipitation along the 21 Northern coasts, according to PCP, varying from November, along the Caspian coasts, to August, along the northern 22 foothills of Alborz Mountains. The PCP index has increased during the sub-period after the change point along the 23 northern coastlines of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea and in parts of the North (along Alborz Mountains), indicating a shift 24 in the period of precipitation from winter to the warm seasons of winter toward early winter and late fall. After the year of change point, the frequency of rainy days and precipitation have decreased, and PCI and PCD have increased. flood and drought in China during the 1959-2014 They analysed the relationship between 18 stations in the study area using data on daily precipitation, the precipitation concentration index, and Spearman ’ s correlation coefficient. The results indicated close correlations between factors such as severity of drought, occurrence of flood, and concentration of precipitation from the northwest to the southeast of the study area. In fact, high consistency was observed in the research based on the findings on the indices between the type of precipitation concentration in terms of spatiotemporal intensity and the above natural disasters.
The Science for Prognostication of Student’s Performance through Educational Data Analytics .

Data mining via academic analytics is speedily increasing and lot of educational institutes has started synthesis of their data to understand hidden patterns, predict possibilities, and for self learning. In these lines, we have coined a word, prognostication, where we aim to forecast regarding performance of students via analysis of social, economical, personal and academic attributes. The definitive goal is to find attributes in terms of set of crucial aspects those severely affect the student‘s performance. The results facilitate us to use discovered variables for creating more conducive environment for academic learning process.
Document Localization in Images Taken by Smartphones Using a Fully Convolutional Neural Network

Today integration of facts from virtual and paper files may be very vital for the expertise control of efficient. This calls for the record to be localized at the photograph. Several strategies had been proposed to resolve this trouble; however, they may be primarily based totally on conventional photograph processing strategies that aren't sturdy to intense viewpoints and backgrounds. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), on the opposite hand, have demonstrated to be extraordinarily sturdy to versions in history and viewing attitude for item detection and classification responsibilities. We endorse new utilization of Neural Networks (NNs) for the localization trouble as a localization trouble. The proposed technique ought to even localize photos that don't have a very square shape. Also, we used a newly accrued dataset that has extra tough responsibilities internal and is in the direction of a slipshod user. The end result knowledgeable in 3 exclusive classes of photos and our proposed technique has 83% on average. The end result is as compared with the maximum famous record localization strategies and cell applications.
Plant Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologs Impinge on Wound Responsiveness and Development in Lycopersicon esculentum W

Plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs ( Rboh ) are homologs of the human neutrophil pathogen-related gp91 phox . Antisense technology was employed to ascertain the biological function of Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) Rboh . Lines with diminished Rboh activity showed a reduced level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the leaf, implying a role for Rboh in establishing the cellular redox milieu. Surprisingly, the antisense plants acquired a highly branched phenotype, switched from indeterminate to determinate growth habit, and had fasciated reproductive organs. Wound-induced systemic expression of proteinase inhibitor II was compromised in the antisense lines, indicating that ROS intermediates supplied by Rboh are required for this wound response. Extending these observations by transcriptome analysis revealed ectopic leaf expression of homeotic MADS box genes that are normally expressed only in reproductive organs. In addition, both Rboh-dependent and -independent wound-induced gene induction was detected as well as transcript changes related to redox maintenance. The results provide novel insights into how the steady state cellular level of ROS is controlled and portrays the role of Rboh as a signal transducer of stress and developmental responses. and separated from 1 to 2% gels and sequenced for veriﬁcation.
Individual Welfare Analysis for Collective Households 2017-44

We propose novel tools for the analysis of individual welfare on the basis of aggregate household demand behavior. The method assumes a collective model of household consumption with the public and private nature of goods speciﬁed by the empirical analyst. A main distinguishing feature of our method is that it builds on a revealed preference characterization of the collective model that is intrinsically nonparametric. We show how to identify individual money metric welfare indices from observed household demand, along with the intrahousehold sharing rule and the individuals’ willingness-to-pay for public consumption (i.e. Lindahl prices). The method is easy to use in practice and yields informative empirical results, which we demonstrate through a simulation analysis and an empirical application to labor supply data.
Dissipative Few-Body Quantum Systems

Within the scope of this thesis, we show that a driven-dissipative system with few ultracold atoms can exhibit dissipatively bound states, even if the atom-atom interaction is purely repulsive. This bond arises due to the dipole-dipole interaction, which is restricted to one of the lower electronic energy states, resulting in the distance-dependent coherent population trapping. The quality of this already established method of dissipative binding is improved and the application is extended to higher dimensions and a larger number of atoms. Here, we simulate twoand three-atom systems using an adapted approach to the Monte Carlo wave-function method and analyse the results. Finally, we examine the possibility of finding a setting allowing trimer states but prohibiting dimer states. In the context of open quantum systems, such a three-body bound states corresponds to the driven-dissipative analogue of a Borromean state. These states can be detected in modern experiments with dipolar and Rydberg-dressed ultracold atomic gases.
regional and improvement

hydrogel used in combinational approaches for spinal cord injury repair. Multichannel OPF + scaffolds loaded with primary Schwann cells (SCs), or Schwann cells genetically modified to secrete glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF-SCs), were implanted into completely transected rat spinal cords. GDNF-SCs promoted the regeneration of higher numbers of axons into OPF + scaffolds than primary SCs after 4 weeks. This was most significant in central and ventral midline channels of the scaffold. The number of spinal interneurons that projected rostrally through the scaffold was ten-fold higher in the GDNF-SC group. Increased myelination of regenerating axons was observed in the GDNF-SC group. Myelinating cell and axon complexes were formed by Schwann cells from the host animal, and not by implanted cells or host oligodendrocytes. Transected animals transplanted with GDNF-SC OPF + scaffolds partially recovered locomotor function at weeks 3 and 4 following surgery. OPF for the SC group, and 0/30 (0%) for the GDNF-SC group. All were sacrificed after scaffold implantation. The scaffolds were well aligned and fully integrated between transected ends of the spinal cord on gross tissue pathology. Channels of regenerated tissue extended through the scaffold length.