Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPLETELY ULTRAMETRIZABLE SPACES AND CONTINUOUS BIJECTIONS

We say that two topological spaces are similar when each admits a continuous bijection onto the other. We will explore the similarity relation for spaces that can be represented as ω-length trees, namely the completely ultrametrizable spaces. We will prove that the separable, perfect, completely ultrametrizable spaces (i.e., the perfect zero-dimensional Polish spaces) come in exactly three similarity classes. The non-separable, perfect, completely ultrametrizable spaces are less tame, but we will show that, under the assumption of the Continuum Hypothesis, those of size c come in exactly four similarity classes.
A Review of Portable Digital Assistant ( PDA ) Implementation Process in Low Resource Settings

This paper presents the Portable Digital Assistant Implementation in the Sene District of Ghana. The study sought to understand eHealth implementation in low resource settings through the lens of actor-network theory. Part of this theory is made up of the sociology of translations, which was employed as a crucial framework for exploring the Portable Digital Assistant Set-up. Data was collected between January 2011 – June 2014. Data collection has been through triangulation of qualitative methods: interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. A total of 20 human and nonhuman actors’ were identified and semi-structured interviews conducted with the human actors using Face to Face (10), Telephone (2). It was deduced from the case that the champion in the case was able to mobilise the various actors to ensure that the project succeeds. His ability to manage the various resources ensured that there were not any lapses.
Digital Contradictions in Bangladesh: Encouragement and Deterrence of Citizen Engagement via ICTs

The research outlined in this article explored the emergence of new-media-driven citizen participation in Bangladesh against a background of contradictory government policy approaches to the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The government’s Digital Bangladesh initiative aims to make ICTs core to citizen empowerment and development at the national and local levels. At the same time, the “netizens” of Bangladesh are facing the challenges of a conservative ICT legal framework and aggressive state crackdowns on certain uses of new-media platforms. Using online data-mining applications and visualization software, the research analyzed ways in which Twitter was widely adopted in Bangladesh during the Shahbag political mobilization of 2013. The research also looked at positive and negative uses of new media in recent years and the state’s draconian responses to new-media platforms and their users. The authors found that indiscriminate arrests, site blocks, and newly amended punitive measures have created hindrances to the development of a truly participatory digital space for communication.
Novel vancomycin and macrolide-linc osamide-streptogramin B resistance plasmids from a set of multi-drug-resistant Enterococcus isolated from biofilm grown in wastewater

Antibiotic resistance among Gram-positive bacteria is a serious global health threat. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are especially concerning since they are susceptible to few if any antibiotics, and can serve as a reservoir for mobile genetic elements containing diverse resistance genes that could potentially be transmitted to other Gram-positive bacteria. The plasmids that confer resistance in Gram-positive bacteria, however, are poorly understood. In this project, a set of eight VRE strain was isolated from the influent of a wastewater treatment plant in San Diego County. Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by disc diffusion methods, revealing resistance most commonly to vancomycin, penicillin, linezolid, and erythromycin. Two novel plasmids were isolated from the strains, and the complete nucleotide sequences were determined by MinION sequencing technology. The plasmids contained a non-standard vanA operon and a novel macrolide-linc​osamide-streptogramin B composite transposon.
STABILITY OF JOHNSON ’ S SCHEDULE WITH LIMITED MACHINE AVAILABILITY

We investigate the -machine -job flow-shop scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing the makespan and given non-availability intervals on each of the two machines. It was proven recently that this problem is NP-hard even if there is only one non-availability interval either on the first machine or on the second machine. If there are no non-availability intervals on any machine, then the two-machine flow-shop problem may be solved using Johnson’s schedule constructed in time. Our results demonstrate that the optimality of Johnson’s schedule is not violated if there exist only sufficiently small non-availability intervals. The instrument we use is stability analysis which answers the question how stable the property of a schedule to be optimal is if there are independent changes in the processing times of the jobs.
1 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN EARTHWORMS , LITTER AND TREES IN AN OLD-GROWTH BEECH 1 FOREST 2 3

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Interactions between earthworms, litter and trees in an old-growth beech forest Jean-François Ponge, Nikola Patzel, Laurent Delhaye, Emmanuelle Devigne, Christine Levieux, Philippe Beros, Renaud Wittebroodt
Evaluation of 6-Gingerol and its modified analogues as therapeutic candidates against Schistosoma mansoni phosphofructokinase

The African most prevalent tropical disease after malaria is schistosomiasis and this disease in the developing countries is a massive socio-economic and public health burden. The disease also caused over 200,000 deaths. The development and design of new and novel antischistosomal drugs is now very important, as there are no vaccines currently and there is only one drug at the moment for the treatment of schistosomiasis. In this article, 6-gingerol was docked against the Schistosoma mansoni phosphofructokinase and the docking result was compared to those obtained from the docking of its modified analogues against the same enzyme. The chemical structure of 6-gingerol was obtained from the PubChem database while the modified analogues were designed using the ChemAxon software. The molecular docking procedure was carried out with the aid of the AutoDock Vina software while polar interactions which were eventually used in predicting the amino acid residues at the Schistosoma mansoni phosphofructokinase active site were visualized using the Pymol software. The Schistosoma mansoni phosphofructokinase 3D crystallized structure was modeled using the Swiss Model server. The molecular docking result showed that the modifications made on 6-gingerol had a positive effect on the binding energy of the compound to the enzyme active site as an appreciable increase was observed. 6-Gingerol and its modified analogues also violated none of the Lipinski’s rule with suggests that the experimental compounds are drug-like. The C2H5 analogue of 6 gingerol was selected as the ideal therapeutic agent based on the pharmacokinetics study and the exhibited binding energy.
Search for charmonium and exotics in PANDA experiment at FAIR

The spectroscopy of charmonium and exotics is discussed. It is a good testing tool for the theories of strong interactions, including: QCD in both the perturbative and nonperturbative regimes, LQCD, potential models and phenomenological models. For this purpose an elaborated analysis of the charmonium, charmed hybrids and tetraqurks spectra is given, and attempts to interpret recent experimental data in the above D D threshold region are considered. Experiments using antiproton beams take advantage of the intensive production of particle-antiparticle pairs in antiproton-proton annihilations. Experimental data from different collaborations are analyzed with special attention given to new states with hidden charm that were discovered recently. Some of these states can be interpreted as higher-laying S, P & D wave charmonium states and tetraquarks with a hidden charm. But much more data on different decay modes are needed before firmer conclusions can be made. These data can be derived directly from the experiments using a high quality antiproton beam with momenta ranging from 1 GeV/c to 15 GeV/c.
The effects of HPMC concentration as a new pharmaceutical dosage form on phage release pattern from gels

Bacterial resistance to various antibiotics has been accelerated in recent years. Bacteriophages (phages) are natural particles that can attack bacteria. Phages can be used selectively for each particular strain. The best way for dealing with superficial infections is topical application of the drug. One of the best ways is the use of water-based gels, such as hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) based gels. In addition to sustained drug release properties of the gel base, HPMC itself has healing properties. The final composition of the gel should have the ability of maintaining its gel form for a suitable time period on the wound, while releasing its phage content. Isolation of selective phages of Klebsiella pneumoniae was done from waste water samples. After purification of phage, it has been trapped into HPMC gel. Gels with different concentrations were used to create plaques and their phage release pattern was studied. Finally, it was shown that the 2% HPMC possessed the most appropriate pharmaceutical features, in terms of the release and durability on the site of infection.
Genetic detection and characterization of HE and S genes of recent betacoronaviruses in rabbits from Egypt

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses, that are responsible for respiratory and enteric disease in a variety of avian and mammalian species, including humans, cattle, pigs, chickens, turkeys, dogs, cats, mice, rats, rabbits, and bats [29]. Currently, the family Coronaviridae is divided into three genera Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, and Gammacoronavirus, respectively [8].
INWARD INTERNATIONALISATION Does a novel field need a new theory ?

Recently, some research has focused on and acknowledged the significance of buyerinitiated international exchange in the field of international business studies. In these cases, it is the importer that actively engages in international exchange and drives the internationalisation process. However, relative to the volume of research into the internationalisation of exporting firms, there is a clear lack of research that seeks to unravel the process of internationalisation when it is “inward-driven”. This paper presents two cases studies of Swedish importing firms, providing insight into the mechanisms that underlie inward internationalisation. The paper thereby adds to the knowledge about such phenomena, especially through the use of qualitative, longitudinal case studies which also include the pre-internationalisation history of the firm and its founders. It also provides implications for management regarding the need to recognise the strategic significance of international purchasing, and for policy makers regarding the attitudes towards imports and import promotion. The paper shows that inward internationalisation can be conceptualised as a process whereby knowledge about foreign markets is used to satisfy a local demand, i.e. accessing foreign assets for the purpose of engaging in domestic market exchange. An increasing commitment to international markets could be seen, relating to the growth of marketing activities in the domestic market as well as an increasing stock of experiential knowledge arising out of the international operations. The paper also demonstrates that presently available approaches and models developed for outward internationalisation can be used to understand inward internationalisation. Particularly, the discussion is based on both the network approach and the Uppsala model of internationalisation, and indicates that such a theoretical integration can be a fruitful approach to explain relationship development in a network. Finally, the paper reveals that much more empirical research is needed in this area, especially as a incorporating both inwardand outward-driven processes of internationalisation gives rise to a dynamic framework that can provide insights into why international exchange occurs in the first place. INWARD INTERNATIONALISATION Does a novel field need a new theory?
First principles modeling of 3 d-metal doped three-layer fl uorite-structured TiO 2 ( 4 , 4 ) nanotube to be used for photocatalytic hydrogen production

We have estimated theoretically the photocatalytic suitability of thinnest single-wall fluorite-structured titania (4,4) nanotube (NT) possessing three layers each (O-Ti-O) and doped by Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn atoms substituted for host Ti atoms. For this goal, we have performed large-scale ab initio calculations on TiO2 NTs with three-layer morphology doped by 3d transition metals, using (i) the method of linear combination of atom-centered Gaussian-type orbitals (LCAO) based on the hybrid density functional theory (DFT) incorporating the Hartree-Fock (HF) exchange contribution (DFTþHF) and (ii) the method of linearized augmented cylindrical waves (LACW) with the muffin-tin approximation based on the local density functional approach (LDA). We have compared the ground state electronic structure, particularly the one-electron densities of states (DOSs) from the LCAO and LACW calculations for periodic arrangements of the 3d-metal dopant atoms. The results show clear evidence for a potential photocatalytic application for water splitting in the case of the Sc-doped titania nanotubes only. These NTs show both a reduced band gap of 2.0 eV relative to the pristine NT and an absence of defect-induced levels between the redox potentials of hydrogen and oxygen, so that electron-hole recombination becomes unlikely. Other 3d dopants with higher atomic number, although their band gap also covers the favorable green to orange region of the solar spectrum, are unsuitable because their defect-induced levels are positioned between the redox potential of oxygen and hydrogen, which can be expected to lead to rapid electron-hole recombination. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Docking Studies and Antiprotozoal Activity of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Scrophularia Syriaca Benth. Growing in Saudi Arabia

Phytochemical study of the ethanolic extract of Scrophularia syriaca Benth. was attained by chromatographic and spectroscopic procedures, which resulted in the isolation of eight compounds; 6-O-α-Lrhamnopyranosylcatalpol (1), scropolioside B (2), gmelinoside-L (3), 8-acetyl harpagide (4), scropolioside D (5), scropolioside D2 (6), quercetin (7) and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (8). Their antiprotozoal activity was evaluated against Trypanosoma brucei brucei (s427-WT), Trypanosoma brucei brucei (TbAT1-B48), Leishmania major and Leishmania mexicana. Compounds 2, 5, 7 and 8 exhibited mild to moderate activities against kinetoplastid parasites compared to pentamidine positive control, the mechanism of antiprotozoal activity was investigated using molecular docking studies on the potential target enzyme Trypanosoma brucei glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (TbGAPDH).
Learning With Animation and Illusions of Understanding

The illusion of understanding hypothesis asserts that, when people are learning with multimedia presentations, the addition of animation can affect metacognitive monitoring such that they perceive the presentation to be easier to understand and develop more optimistic metacomprehension. As a result, learners invest less cognitive effort when learning with animation. This study tested the illusion of understanding hypothesis with a randomized, double-blind, 2 2 factorial design using two different types of animation—representational and directive. Representational animation had a negative effect on learning, and directive animation had a positive effect. Both representational and directive animations induced illusion of understanding. Moreover, the animations induced multiple forms of the illusion. Consistent with expertise reversal effect, the animations induced more optimistic metacomprehension in low-proficiency learners but more pessimistic metacomprehension in high-proficiency learners.
The State of Innova on in Sweden and its Regions

This ar cle focuses on the successful Swedish tradi on in the fi eld of innova on, but also discusses the fl ip side of an innova on culture that honours only radical innova on. Related to this tradi on is a preference to measure innova veness through patent data. Both these tradi ons imply a disadvantageous posi on for regions and companies located outside our large metropolitan areas. One problem relates to the interest in understanding how diff erent degrees of innova veness relate to diff erent degrees of economic and social eff ects—a challenge that patent data, only to a very limited degree, addresses. This means that patent data disregards the fact that also incremental innova ons “new to the region” or “new to the fi rm” might be powerful routes to a more dynamic development path, especially in more peripheral regions. To overcome such shortcomings, other measures and approaches are needed. One such approach developed and presented in this ar cle is based upon Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist produc vity index—employing Swedish longitudinal data, the ar cle illustrates how they may be u lized to assess and make sense of regional technological innova on. Besides off ering an unconven onal picture of the regional innova on performance in Sweden, this methodological approach also iden fi es the northernmost part of Sweden (the Norrbo en region) as a region with its own path-breaking development trajectory. The ar cle is concluded by discussing the region of Norrbo en as an example of a region that has tradi onally capitalized on the exploita on and processing of natural resources and how such a region may diversify into new sectors using concepts such as related variety and smart specializa on.
The biochemical effects of bee pollen suspension on prostatitis induced experimentally in rats .

Afaf D. Abd El-Magied1; Mahmoud E. A. Abou-El-Roos2; Abd El-Haleem H. El-Kasapy3&* and M. A. Yuonis1. 1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (Moshtohor), Banha University. 2. Department of Theriogynocology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (Moshtohor), Banha University. 3. Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (Moshtohor), Banha University.
Characterization and Determination of the Toxicological Risk of Biochar Using Invertebrate Toxicity Tests in the State of Aguascalientes , M é xico

Following a quantitative analysis of adequate feedstock, comprising 11 woody biomass species, four biochars were generated using a Kon-Tiki flame curtain kiln in the state of Aguascalientes, Mexico. Despite the high quality (certified by European Biochar Certificate), the biochars contain substantial quantities of hazardous substances, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and heavy metals, which can induce adverse effects if wrongly applied to the environment. To assess the toxicity of biochars to non-target organisms, toxicity tests with four benthic and zooplanktonic invertebrate species, the ciliate Paramecium caudatum, the rotifer Lecane quadridentata, and the cladocerans Daphnia magna and Moina macrocopa were performed using biochar elutriates. In acute and chronic toxicity tests, no acute toxic effect to ciliates, but significant lethality to rotifers and cladocerans was detected. This lethal toxicity might be due to ingestion/digestion by enzymatic/mechanic processes of biochar by cladocerans and rotifers of toxic substances present in the biochar. No chronic toxicity was found where biochar elutriates were mixed with soil. These data indicate that it is instrumental to use toxicity tests to assess biochars’ toxicity to the environment, especially when applied close to sensitive habitats, and to stick closely to the quantitative set-point values.
BANKING INDUSTRY , MARKET STRUCTURE AND EFFICIENCY : THE REVISITED MODEL TO INTERMEDIARY HYPOTHESES

The object of this article is to propose a new conception of the structure-conductperformance/ efficient structure relationship. Alongside standard hypotheses, we retain two intermediary hypotheses, named modified efficient structure hypothesis and hybrid efficiency/collusion hypothesis. The models are estimated using a random effects estimating procedure over a sample of Tunisian commercial banks during the period 1990-2005. The results about the variable efficiency cannot reject the efficient structure hypothesis. Besides, the results do not show any support in favour of the classic SCP hypothesis and intermediary hypotheses. This suggests that during the period under consideration, the Tunisian banks adopt a sufficient competitive behaviour and that they generate their performance not through market power exercise, rather through an efficient activity. zouari.abd@planet.tn JEL Classification: D41, G21, L10.
Dual-Targeted Gold Nanoprism for Recognition of Early Apoptosis, Dual-Model Imaging and Precise Cancer Photothermal Therapy

Photothermal therapy as novel strategy to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into heat for treatment cancers has attracted great attention and been widely studied. However, side effects and low efficiency remain the main challenge of precise cancer photothermal therapy. Methods: In this study, we have successfully fabricated and characterized the dual-targeted gold nanoprisms, whereby bare gold nanoprisms (Au NPR) were conjugated to a phenanthroline derivatives-functionalized tetraphenylethene (TPE) and further stabilized with target peptide aptamers via Au-S bonds (Au-Apt-TPE). Then, the remaining nitrogen atoms of the Au-Apt-TPE could effectively chelate with Zn2+ ions (Au-Apt-TPE@Zn) for monitoring early stage apoptotic cells. Results: The as-synthesized Au-Apt-TPE@Zn exhibited good monodispersity, size stability and consistent spectral characteristics. TPE synthesized here showed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, and zinc conjunction (TPE@Zn) endowed Au-Apt-TPE@Zn with the cell membrane-targeted ability to selectively recognize the membranes of early stage apoptotic cells but not respond to healthy cells, which provided valuable diagnosis information on therapeutic efficacy. Au-Apt-TPE@Zn achieved specifically nuclear-targeted ability by surface decoration of AS1411 DNA aptamer. Au-Apt-TPE@Zn under NIR irradiation showed effective photothermal therapy against SGC-7901 human gastric carcinoma cells growth in vitro by inducing apoptosis through triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and regulating multiple signal crosstalk. In vivo studies revealed that Au-Apt-TPE@Zn under NIR irradiation showed deep penetration and dual-model imaging application (cancer-targeted fluorescence imaging and light-up photoacoustic imaging). Au-Apt-TPE@Zn under NIR irradiation also displayed strong photothermal therapy against gastric carcinoma xenograft growth in vivo by induction of apoptosis. Importantly, analysis of histopathology, hematotoxicity and immunocytotoxicity indicated that Au-Apt-TPE@Zn had less side effect and high biocompatibility. Conclusions: Our findings validated the design of using Au nanoprism with AIE materials and dual-targeted decoration could be an effective strategy in recognition of early apoptosis, dual-model imaging and precise cancer photothermal therapy.