Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
E XPLORING R EPRESENTATION L EARNING FOR F LEXIBLE F EW -S HOT T ASKS

Existing approaches to few-shot learning deal with tasks that have persistent, rigid notions of classes. Typically, the learner observes data only from a fixed number of classes at training time and is asked to generalize to a new set of classes at test time. Two examples from the same class would always be assigned the same labels in any episode. In this work, we consider a realistic setting where the relationship between examples can change from episode to episode depending on the task context, which is not given to the learner. We define two new benchmark datasets for this flexible few-shot scenario, where the tasks are based on images of faces (Celeb-A) and shoes (Zappos50K). While classification baselines learn representations that work well for standard few-shot learning, they suffer in our flexible tasks since the classification criteria shift from training to testing. On the other hand, unsupervised contrastive representation learning with instance-based invariance objectives preserves such flexibility. A combination of instance and class invariance learning objectives is found to perform best on our new flexible few-shot learning benchmarks, and a novel variant of Prototypical Networks is proposed for selecting useful feature dimensions.
Some preliminary investigations of water quality parameters in a Hungarian thermal lake, Hévíz

Recently, there were only a few investigations published related to thermal waters in all over the world. In this study, an assessment on lake water quality was carried out in Lake Hévíz and its effluent, to provide valuable information about the present lake water quality in the winter season. In Hévíz, the thermal lake has an economic, geological and medical significance, and plays an important role in the tourism industry. Monitoring the quality of water resources where thermal waters are present is of primary importance. The chemical composition of geothermal waters often differs markedly from surface waters. The direct drainage of used geothermal waters getting into freshwaters is usually not authorized, so the excess thermal water of Lake Hévíz dilutes in the outflow effluent. A principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore the surface water quality dataset. Three sampling points were chosen from the effluent characterized by different water temperatures. The study took place between 9th December, 2019 and 16th March, 2020. There were 9 sampling times to measure conductivity, pH, biological and chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, ammonium-, phosphate-, sulphate concentration at the same sampling time. The highest water quality values were determined in the third sampling point of the outflow effluent, where the water temperature was the lowest. Temperature is an important factor in the aquatic environment since it affects directly or indirectly the aquatic flora and fauna. This study is important in providing comprehensive information on water quality for decision makers in particular the thermal waters and valuable reference for international researchers.
Bird activity patterns in the understorey of an evergreen forest in Oaxaca, Mexico

Activity patterns of species are related to their physiology, their behaviour and the environment and can change in response to different factors, such as interactions between species. Bird species, typical of the understorey, show morphological and ecological similarities and must thus have some mechanism of ecological separation, such as temporal niche partitioning. The objective of this study was to provide information about activity patterns and activity overlap of bird species typical of the understorey. We expected temporal niche partitioning between ecologically-similar species. We placed camera traps in 29 sampling points in a high evergreen forest in the southeast of Mexico between 2011 and 2013. All species were mainly diurnal and, contrary to what we expected, there was temporal partitioning between tinamids, but not in galliforms and columbiforms. The degree of activity overlap might reflect a solitary or group lifestyle of the three sets of species, as well as shared behavioural preferences and similar adaptations. These results contribute to our knowledge of the basic biology and behavioural ecology of birds of the understorey.
Interfacial water at synthetic and natural lipid bilayers probed by vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy

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Does Executive MBA Deliver? Exploration of Developmental Outcomes and Participants’ Perceptions of Delivery Effectiveness

Critics of the value of the Executive MBA program have not adequately considered the perceptions of Executive MBA students. This paper evaluates performance of an Executive MBA program by exploring students’ preferred developmental outcomes and perceptions about the effectiveness of their Executive MBA program towards delivering the targeted outcomes. Interviews, focus groups and survey were conducted with program’s directors, staff, and current and graduated students in a large privately run university in Punjab province of Pakistan. As a result of a rigorous process, the study identified twenty-seven critical outcomes under two categories namely “personal outcomes” and “professional outcomes” which students consider important and urge their Executive MBA program to deliver. On the whole students appear to be satisfied with their Executive MBA program; however, the effectiveness of their program is below their expectations. Identification of the exact outcomes in this study provide directions for Executive MBA administrators to make their curriculum and pedagogical/andragogical techniques more relevant and valueoriented for their students. Based on these findings, it is inferred that Executive MBA programs’ planning should consider students as the protagonist of their programs’ planning process.
Background Certainpersonality traitsmaymediate the relationship between familiality and adversityin

Declaration of interest Fundedby a grant fromtheWellcomeTrust. The relationship between excess adverse events (Brown & Harris, 1978) and genetic risk factors (Plomin et al, 2001) for depression could be mediated by aspects of personality, such as neuroticism or extraversion (Eysenck & Eysenck, 1975), that also run in families. For example, neurotic traits could lead to an individual being excessively concerned about the occurrence of an adverse event (i.e. threat perceiving). Alternatively, risk-taking behaviours associated with extraversion, for example, could lead to the occurrence of excess events (hazard prone) (McGuffin et al, 1988). In this report from the Cardiff Depression Study (Farmer et al, 2000) we will examine the relationship between depression, life events and scores on the neuroticism and extraversion scales of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI). We predict that both neuroticism and extraversion will be correlated with measures of depression, as well as the number of events experienced by subjects. Also, we hypothesise that neuroticism and extraversion scale scores will exhibit trait-like qualities, rather than being substantially influenced by alteration in mood-state.
MOBILE BANKING ADOPTION ANALYSIS IN NORTH MACEDONIA USING TAM

Followed by the mobile technology development and high rate of mobile internet usage worldwide, mobile banking has become prominent technological innovation in the banking sector giving a competitive edge over traditional banking. Smartphones and mobile technologies are becoming increasingly available and affordable in North Macedonia in recent years, and many banks are providing banking services to customers via smartphones. The adoption of mobile banking in the country has not reached its full potential yet and has been at its early stage of adoption. However, not many studies investigate determinants of mobile banking adoption which may help banks to design more suitable mobile services for customers and increase the m-banking adoption in the country. This study is the first attempt to fill this gap by examining determinants that affect consumer intention to use mobile banking services in the country, as developing country. To get insights regarding the user adoption of m-banking services in the country, a survey was conducted among more than 150 mobile users. This study proposes a mobile banking user adoption research model based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and beside basic constructs (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and behavioral intention to use) it integrates social image, trust and risk that are specific for mbanking. The results of the empirical study are supporting the proposed basic constructs of the model and some specific relationships are unveiled. This research is a holistic approach representing a solid base for future studies on the adoption of new technologies in the country. Its originality and practical implications are reflected in determining the significance of additional constructs that are specific for m-banking. From practitioner’s viewpoint, this research offers valuable insights for developing m-banking solutions.
Background Controlled trials have shownthat psychological interventions designed to encourage graded exercise canfacilitaterecovery fromchronic fatigue syndrome. Aims To identifypredictors of response to psychological treatment forchronic

Declaration of interest None. Financial support fromthe LinburyTrust. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is associated with muscular and cardiovascular deconditioning (De Lorenzo et al, 1998), circadian desynchrony (Williams et al, 1996), sleep abnormalities (Morriss et al, 1997) and cortisol deficiency (Cleare et al, 1995). It has been proposed that these signs are consequences of disrupted cycles of activity, and that CFS is maintained by illness beliefs that encourage activity avoidance (Wessely et al, 1998). Psychological interventions that encourage exercise are effective treatments for CFS (Sharpe et al, 1996; Deale et al, 1997; Powell et al, 2001). We tested the hypotheses that variables indicative of rigid illness beliefs (duration of untreated illness, membership of a support group advocating exercise avoidance, belief in physical illness), limited emotional resources (concurrent dysphoria, receipt of antidepressant medication, sleep problems), poor social support (living alone or as a lone parent), or probable loss of benefits on recovery, would predict poor response to this kind of treatment.
Localizing Text in Images and Videos based on Morphology

Many multifaceted images comprise observable text. If the occurrences of this text can be identified, segmented, and recognized automatically, they will be a prized source of high-level semantics; for retrieval and indexing. In this paper, we will propose a novel method for localizing and detecting text in complex images and video frames based on morphology. A morphological Gardient is generated by computing the variance between the dilation and the erosion image. Then the candidate of regions are connected via a morphological closing operation and every text areas are determined used the occurrence of text in each candidate. The identified text regions are localized perfectly via the projection of the text pixels in the morphological Gardient map. This method is sturdy to different position, character size, color and contrast. The updating of the text region between images is also used to minimize the processing time. Tests are realized on divers images to confirm the good efficient of our method
Asymmetric information and daily stock prices in Brazil

This paper has the goal of analyzing the association between asymmetric information, measured by Corwin-Schultz bid ask spread estimator, and stock prices in the Brazilian stock market. Daily data from 64 corporations over a period of 10 years were examined using the Johansen-Fisher panel cointegration technique in order to assess the validity of asymmetric information measurements in shorter periods than in previous studies. The results indicate that asymmetric information anticipates stock prices over a period of up to two days in a theoretically consistent way. Future research may control the results via traditional finance variables.
Hierarchical Classification of Diatom Images with Transfer Learning

In this paper, we address the task of taxonomic classification of diatoms from images taken under a light microscope. The corresponding machine learning task is the task of hierarchical multi-label classification, where the taxonomy plays the role of the label hierarchy. More specifically, an image is assigned several labels, including a single lowest-level taxonomic unit (species), as well as the ancestor ones (family). Since Convolutional Neural Networks are state-of the art in image classification, we apply them to this problem. Since we have a relatively small set of diatom images, we apply the paradigm of transfer learning and use an ImageNet pre-trained InceptionV3 model. We explore two avenues of transfer, one of which is commonly applied, namely to freeze some layers of the pre-trained network and allow for fine-tuning of the unfrozen layers with diatom images. We use one output neuron for each of the leaf nodes in the taxonomy. The second avenue we explore is to use the features extracted by the ImageNet pre-trained InceptionV3 model and train a tree-ensemble classifier. In particular, we use ensembles of predictive clustering trees [6] for hierarchical multi-label classification (PCTs for HMC). We compare our results with earlier work on the task at hand. This includes the use of ensembles of PCTs for HMC on hand-crafted features extracted from the diatom images, as well as features extracted by scale-invariant feature transforms. The transfer learning approach of fine-tuning the ImageNet pre-trained CNN achieves excellent predictive performance.
Effect of balady and imported Chickpea on Blood Glucose and lipid profile of Diabetes Rats

Chickpea seeds were reported to have been employed for treating hypertension and diabetes mellitus for over the past 2500 years. The present study aimed to compare the effect of balady and imported chickpea available in Egyptian markets on blood glucose and lipid profile of diabetic rats.Thirty six mature male albino rats were divided into six groups and 30 of them were induced to diabetes and feed with basal diet supported with 10 and 20% of balady and imported chickpea.The results indicated that, balady chickpea had higher protein, fiber and fat content compared to imported counterpart. Phenolic components were much higher in balady samples than imported counterpart before and after cooking.The feed intake of control group fed on basal diet (control negative) tended to have the highest percentage, followed by diabetic group (control positive) and diabetic group feed on 10% of balady chickpea. Groups fed on balady chickpea tended to have blood glucose lower than its imported chickpea counterparts. Significant differences were observed between them. The TG, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in groups fed on balady chickpea groups compared to diabetic rats fed on imported chickpea groups. It could be concluded that chickpea seeds are a relatively cheap source of dietary fiber and bioactive compounds, which may be useful for lowering the risk of diabetic rats
In the Name of God Journal of Information Systems & Telecommunication

The prior relation extraction approaches were relation-specific and supervised, yielding new instances of relations known a priori. While effective, this model is not applicable in case when the number of relations is high or where the relations are not known a priori. Open Information Extraction (OIE) is a relation-independent extraction paradigm designed to extract relations directly from massive and heterogeneous corpora such as Web. One of the main challenges for an Open IE system is estimating the probability that its extracted relation is correct. A confidence measure shows that how an extracted relation is a correct instance of a relation among entities. This paper proposes a new method of confidence estimation for OIE called Relation Confidence Estimator for Open Information Extraction (RCE-OIE). It investigates the incorporation of some proposed features in assigning confidence metric using logistic regression. These features consider diverse lexical, syntactic and semantic knowledge and also some extraction properties such as number of distinct documents from which extractions are drawn, number of relation arguments and their types. We implemented proposed confidence measure on the Open IE systems’ extractions and examined how it affects the performance of results. Evaluations show that incorporation of designed features is promising and the accuracy of our method is higher than the base methods while keeping almost the same performance as them. We also demonstrate how semantic information such as coherence measures can be used in feature-based confidence estimation of Open Relation Extraction (ORE) to further improve the performance.
CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOMÉTRICAS DEL HUEVO FÉRTIL Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL SEXO EN AVES DE POSTURA COMERCIAL MARRÓN

El sector avicola ha sido uno de los subsectores mas dinamicos del sector agropecuario en Colombia durante las ultimas decadas, sin embargo, la avicultura especializada en la produccion del huevo busca encontrar un sistema de sexado economico y de facil aplicacion, para predecir el sexo del ave antes de la eclosion. Dadas esas circunstancias el presente estudio se llevo a cabo como un experimento bajo condiciones controladas para determinar el sexo de 1000 huevos fertiles de aves de postura comercial marron de la linea Lohmann Brown, con el uso de mediciones morfometricas. Antes de la incubacion se midieron el largo, el ancho y la masa del huevo. El volumen y el indice de forma se calcularon utilizando las medidas anteriormente mencionadas. Se encontro que las variables morfometricas ancho, largo e indice de forma del huevo presentaron diferencias estadisticas significativas bajo la prueba LSD de Fisher, en la comparacion de medias de los dos sexos (p 0.05). El analisis de regresion logistica multiple por pasos hacia adelante evidencio que la variable indice de forma fue la mas informativa para captar la probabilidad del sexo del pollito a incubar. De acuerdo con los resultados del presente estudio las mediciones morfologicas del huevo pueden ser un indicador del sexo del pollito, haciendo posible incubar mas pollos hembras utilizando las predicciones de estas medidas. Con el fin de disminuir el numero de pollos machos que son asesinados en los criaderos y aumentando la capacidad de incubacion de pollitos hembra.
The Effects of Simultaneity and Modern Aesthetics on the Fragmentation of Information

This article identifies the emergence of simultaneity as a representative outcome of the new media revolution, and hypothesizes that it causes fragmentation of information both when consumers perceive media content and when they distribute them. Case studies involved in this research, assisted with aesthetic analysis, includes YouTube, Weibo, and Little Red Book, which are three prevalent social media in the world and in China. Conducting comparative analysis between the old and new media, this research utilizes Marshall McLuhan’s theory of the “global village,” the two-factor model of website design, and concept of change in audience. Further, this article evaluates the implications of this phenomenon, and prospect the future development of information fragmentation.
Chlorine isotope ratios record magmatic brine assimilation during rhyolite genesis

doi: 10.7185/geochemlet.2101 Magmatic volatile phases within crustal silicic magma domains influence key volcanic processes such as the build up to eruptions and formation ofmagmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits. However, the extent and nature of fluid-melt interaction in such environments is poorly understood, as geochemical signals in volcanic rocks originating from pre-eruptive volatile processes are commonly overprinted by syn-eruptive degassing. Here, we use δ37Cl as a conservative tracer of brine-melt interaction on a broad suite of silicic volcanic rocks from Iceland. We find that the δ37Cl values of silicic rocks are systematically shifted tomore negative values compared to associated basalts and intermediate rocks by up to 2.9‰. These large shifts cannot be explained by well known processes inherent to silicic magma genesis, including crustal assimilation, mineral-melt fractionation and syn-eruptive degassing. Instead, we show that low δ37Cl values in silicic rocks can be attributed to assimilation ofmagmatic brines that are formed and stored in long lived crustal magmamushes. Our results indicate that magmatic brine assimilation is a fundamental, but previously unrecognised part of rhyolite genesis. Received 23 July 2020 | Accepted 24 November 2020 | Published 13 January 2021
Myanmar Phrase Translation for Myanmar-English Machine Translation System

In statistical machine translation (SMT), the currently best performing systems are based in some way on phrases or word groups. In this paper, phrase-based translation system is described. Translation model and word-based lexicon model are used in this system. This system is implemented as a separated part of the Myanmar to English machine translation system. Myanmar language does not use space between words. Therefore, the system uses Myanmar Word Segmenter, which is implemented in UCSYNLP lab and is available for research purpose, to segment Myanmar sentence. Myanmar-English bilingual corpus is also used as a main knowledge source. The vast amount of information is needed to guide the translation process. The large scale Myanmar corpus is unavailable at present. This system aims to increase correct translation results with limited bilingual corpus. The experimental results show that the proposed system seems promising for Myanmar to English machine translation system.