Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection and characterization of colonization factor of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from adults with diarrhea

The fimbriate colonization factor antigen (CEA) of Escherichia coli strain H-1047 was isolated and used to prepare anti-CFA antiserum. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) isolated from 29 adults with diarrhea acquired in Mexico were examined for CFA by using this serum. Retrospectively, it was found that ETEC possessing the H-10407-type CFA were isolated from 25 (86%) of these diarrhea cases as compared with 2 of 11 (18%) from asymptomatic controls from whom ETEC had been isolated. CFA was found onE. coli of various serotypes, as demonstrated by bacterial agglutination by the anti-CFA serum. Heat treating the cells at 65 degress C for 1 h prevented the agglutination. CFA-positive strains did not react with anti-CFA serum when the cultures were grown at a low incubation temperature (18 degrees C). E. coli isolates identified serologically as CFA positive were shown to adhere to the intestinal villous surfaces of infant rabbits. By the indirect immunofluorescence technique, it was found that adhesion occurred preferentially in the upper 20 cm of the small intestine. Also, the ability or inability of various isolates to adhere to intestinal mucosa in vivo correlated with the presence or absence of fimbriae on the cells when grown in vitro. Agglutinability with anti-CFA serum, fimbriae, and adhesiveness were spontaneously lost by many isolates after laboratory passage in a manner previously described with E. coli H-10407. These observations suggest that the H-10407-type CFA plays a role in the virulence of ETEC possessing this antigen.
Quantal variability at glutamatergic synapses in area CA1 of the rat neonatal hippocampus

1 Quantal variability was determined at glutamatergic synapses in the neonatal (postnatal days 1‐7) rat hippocampal slice preparation. Synaptic AMPA and NMDA quantal EPSCs were recorded from CA1 pyramidal neurones using the whole‐cell, or perforated, patch‐clamp technique. 2 Release was evoked by minimal stimulation using brief trains (10 impulses, 50 Hz), and various tests ascertained that this stimulation activated single release sites releasing single vesicles. 3 Both AMPA and NMDA quantal responses at a given release site varied considerably in magnitude, the coefficient of variation (CV) among the synapses averaging 0.39 and 0.30, respectively. This variability differed among the synapses, from 0.2 to 0.7, and 0.10 to 0.50, respectively, and CV values of AMPA responses co‐varied with those of the NMDA responses. 4 Both for AMPA and NMDA, low CV values were associated with a Gaussian distribution of EPSC peak values, whereas synapses with high CV values displayed distributions skewed towards lower values. 5 Analysis of successive NMDA responses during a train revealed a considerable degree of non‐saturation of NMDA receptors by a single vesicle. 6 The results are compatible with a quantal variability based, to a large extent, on non‐saturated AMPA and NMDA responses fluctuating as a function of the amount of transmitter released from each vesicle.
On the Explanatory Role of Mathematics in Empirical Science

This paper examines contemporary attempts to explicate the explanatory role of mathematics in the physical sciences. Most such approaches involve developing so-called mapping accounts of the relationships between the physical world and mathematical structures. The paper argues that the use of idealizations in physical theorizing poses serious difficulties for such mapping accounts. A new approach to the applicability of mathematics is proposed. 1. Introduction2. Mathematical Explanations I: Entities3. Mathematical Explanations II: Operations4. Mapping Accounts: Strengths5. Mapping Accounts: Idealizations 5.1. Pincock and matching models5.2. Bueno, Colyvan, and the inferential conception6. Mapping Accounts: Limitations7. Suggestions for a New Approach8. Conclusion Introduction Mathematical Explanations I: Entities Mathematical Explanations II: Operations Mapping Accounts: Strengths Mapping Accounts: Idealizations 5.1. Pincock and matching models5.2. Bueno, Colyvan, and the inferential conception Pincock and matching models Bueno, Colyvan, and the inferential conception Mapping Accounts: Limitations Suggestions for a New Approach Conclusion
A strategy for patterning conducting polymers using nanoimprint lithography and isotropic plasma etching.

Conducting polymer (CP) patterns with feature sizes of submicrometer to nanometer dimensions have attracted considerable attention due to their applications in light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs), polymeric electrochromic devices, sensors, and biotechnology. In the last decade, the integration of two or more functional materials together is of increasing interest because materials with multiple components may exhibit integrative properties that single component materials do not possess. For example, CPs have been integrated with doping agent molecules or nanoparticles in order to improve properties or achieve multiplex character. Efforts to prepare conducting polymer patterns have mainly focused on photochemical patterning, microcontact printing (mCP), scanning probe lithography (SPL), electron-beam lithography (EBL), and dip-pen nanolithography. However, most of the techniques are incapable of integrating high resolution with high throughput. Nanoimprint lithography (NIL), which has gained significant attention due to its low cost and high throughput, is based on the mechanical deformation of the resist polymer by heating above the glass transition temperature (Tg) or by UVcrosslinking. By taking the CP or its mixture as resist layers and a subsequent reactive ion etching process, CPs have been patterned using NIL. However, NIL can only be applied on polymers that have a Tg or are UV-crosslinkable.
NIGERIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY : A TOOL FOR ACTUALISING ECONOMIC STABILITY AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

he Nigerian textile industries (indigenous and modern) which have sustained the national economy for more than three decades are dying by the day without any hope of resurrection. This paper therefore examines factors that are responsible for the dwindling and near extinction of the textile industry in Nigeria and its implications for national growth and development. The paper specifically is focused on the viability of the Nigerian textile industries as an alternative for revenue generation and a tool for economic empowerment. The study adopts an art historical method based on interviews, archival records, print and electronic media; while the data was critically analysed using the modernisation and dependency theory of development. Findings reveal that trade libralisation, Nigeria’s policy on textile imports, desire for foreign textiles over home-made ones which lead to poor patronage, neglect of agricultural sector, unstable power supply, and lack of technical proficiency, among others are factors responsible for the gradual extinction of the industry. The study submits that a well-developed and effectively managed textile industry will impart positively on the nation’s economy and ensure the sustainability of Nigerian textile industry; more so, it will drastically reduce the tide of unemployment in Nigeria. Key Words/Phrases: Nigerian Textiles, Alternative Economy, Employment, Development, Industry T European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 4, No. 08, November 2015. P.P. 331 344 URL: http://www.ejbss. com/recent.aspx-/ ISSN: 2235 -767X EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 332
Pregnancy Outcomes Following Laparoscopic Myomectomy

Background: The laparoscopic approach to myomectomy has raisedquestions about the risk of uterine rupture in patients who becomepregnant following surgery. It has been suggested that the ruptureoutside labor in pregnancies following laparoscopic myomectomy canbe due to the difficulty of suturing or to the presence of a hematoma orto the wide use of radiofrequencies.Aim: To assess the outcome of pregnancy following laparoscopicmyomectomy.Methods: A literature search performed using engine Google, Highwire press, Springer link, and Yahoo. Selected papers screened forother related reports.Results: There were no incidents of uterine scar rupture in any of thesestudies.Conclusions: Uterine rupture during pregnancies followinglaparoscopic myomectomy is rare. This review article did not confirmthe hypothesis that laparoscopic myomectomy is associated with anincreased risk for uterine dehiscence during pregnancy.
Intracranial and extracranial hemorrhages in newborns with hemophilia: a review of the literature.

PURPOSE Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and extracranial hemorrhage (ECH) in newborns with hemophilia were reviewed with respect to incidence, anatomic location, clinical presentation, and relationship to the mode of delivery and type of hemophilia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A MEDLINE search from 1964 to 1996 of all reports of neonatal hemophilia and head bleeds in children from birth to 1 month old was performed. ICH was defined as any bleed occurring within the cranial cavity, and ECH was defined as hemorrhage occurring outside of the cranial cavity, including subgaleal and cephalhematoma. The mode of delivery, type and severity of hemophilia, and clinical presentation were also noted. RESULTS One hundred two newborns with hemophilia and cranial bleeds were described in 33 publications. The cumulative incidence of ICH and ECH was 3.58% in 5 studies that reported the total newborn population or that examined birth records. The type of hemophilia was reported for 40 of 102 newborns and was hemophilia A in 87%. The mode of delivery was recorded in 46% (47 of 102) of the patients. Of these, 13% had cesarean delivery, and 87% were delivered vaginally (40% had spontaneous vaginal delivery, and 47% had vaginal delivery with vacuum extraction or forceps). There were 109 episodes of ICH and ECH (65% were ICH, 35% were ECH, and 5.8% were a combination of both). Common clinical features of ICH and ECH included anemia, hypotension, shock, and lethargy. However, only patients with ICH were reported to have neurologic deficits (15%) and late neurologic sequelae (38%). CONCLUSION In neonates with hemophilia and cranial bleeds, ICH occurs more often and is often associated with late neurologic deficits.
Tagging genes and trapping promoters in Toxoplasma gondii by insertional mutagenesis.

Plasmid vectors that incorporate sequence elements from the dehydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) locus of Toxoplasma gondii integrate into the parasite genome with remarkably high frequency (>1% of transfected parasites). These vectors may-but need not-include mutant DHFR-TS alleles that confer pyrimethamine resistance to transgenic parasites. Large genomic constructs integrate at the endogenous locus by homologous recombination, but cDNA-derived sequences lacking long stretches of contiguous genomic DNA (due to intron excision) typically integrate into chromosomal DNA by nonhomologous recombination. Nonhomologous integration occurs effectively at random; and coupled with the high frequency of transformation, this allows a large fraction of the parasite genome to be tagged in a single electroporation cuvette. Genomic tagging permits insertional mutagenesis studies conceptually analogous to transposon mutagenesis in bacteria, yeast, Drosophila, etc. In theory (and, thus far, in practice), this allows identification of any gene whose inactivation is not lethal to the haploid tachyzoite form of T. gondii and for which a suitable selection or screen is available. Transformation vectors can be engineered to facilitate rescue of the tagged locus and to include a variety of reporters or selectable markers. Genetic strategies are also possible, using reporters whose function can be assayed by metabolic, visual, or immunological screens to "trap" genes that are activated (or inactivated) under various conditions of interest.
A single amino acid substitution in v-erbB confers a thermolabile phenotype to ts167 avian erythroblastosis virus-transformed erythroid cells

A library of recombinant bacteriophage was prepared from ts167 avian erythroblastosis virus-transformed erythroid precursor cells (HD6), and integrated proviruses from three distinct genomic loci were isolated. A subclone of one of these proviruses (pAEV1) was shown to confer temperature-sensitive release from transformation of erythroid precursor cells in vitro. The predicted amino acid sequence of the v-erbB polypeptide from the mutant had a single amino acid change when compared with the wild-type parental virus. When the wild-type amino acid was introduced into the temperature-sensitive avian erythroblastosis virus provirus in pAEV1, all erythroid clones produced in vitro were phenotypically wild type. The mutation is a change from a histidine to an aspartic acid in the temperature-sensitive v-erbB polypeptide. It is located in the center of the tyrosine-specific protein kinase domain and corresponds to amino acid position 826 of the human epidermal growth factor receptor sequence.
Stabilization and tracking control for electromagnetic suspension system using feedback linearization

This paper presents a nonlinear control technique, feedback linearization, for an electromagnetic suspension (EMS) system which is a nonlinear system. It is shown that the EMS system is feedback linearizable as it satisfies the required conditions. For the EMS system, feedback linearization technique is used to design stabilization control and tracking control. For the tracking control a random sinusoidal trajectory is taken as the reference signal. Also, these results are compared with that obtained using the standard linear state-feedback controller whose design is based on a linearized model of the plant obtained by small perturbations of the plant around an operating point.
Effect of Stress, Perception-Related Traits, and Motivation on Different Coping Strategies

A coping model emphasizing the influence of stress, perception-related traits, and motivation on different coping strategies was tested in this study. The three strategies are problem-solving, social support-seeking, and avoidance. Participants were 332 college students in Taiwan. Variables involved in the model explained 29% of variance in problem-solving, 13% of variance in avoidance, and 9% of variance in social support-seeking. These combined findings show that the model tested is more effective in exploring determinants of problem-solving than those of social support-seeking and avoidance. Results also showed that traits could predict the coping strategy that shares a common orientation with them. Secure attachment (a relationship-related trait) could predict social support-seeking (a relationship-related coping strategy). Self-efficacy (a performance-related trait) could predict problem-solving (a performance related coping strategy). In addition, trait resilience mediated between selfefficacy and problem-solving as well as between stress and avoidance. The practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis on Hotel Reviews

In this project we explored varieties of supervised machine learning methods for the purpose of sentiment analysis on TripAdvisor hotel reviews. We experimented and explored with the factors that affect accuracy of the predictions to develop a satisfying review analyzer. We focus on not only the overall opinions but also aspect based opinions including service, rooms, location, value, cleanliness, sleep quality and business service. As a result, we implemented an analyzer that is able to predict rating and polarity of reviews on individual aspects. The accuracy of our predictors reached 70% to 75% for star-rating and about 85% to 90% for polarity.
Efficacy of botanical extracts and a chemical pesticide against tomato fruit worm, Helicoverpa armigera

Investigations on the effect of extracts of different botanicals i.e. neem seed extract (2.5%), turmeric extract (5%), henge extract (1.25%), garlic extract (5%) and insecticide (emamectin benzoate) (0.07%) on tomato fruit worm, Helicoverpa armigera, were carried out at New Developmental Farm of the The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan during, 2011. Minimum number of larvae plant -1 of H. armigera (0.40 and 0.46) was recorded in neem seed extract and emamectin benzoate and maximum number of 1.00 larvae plant -1 was recorded in control. Number of fruit damage was minimum (10.2%) in emamectin benzoate (0.07%) but it was highest (19.5%) in control. Maximum yield (7540 kg ha -1 ) was recorded in neem seed extract (2.5%) and percent infestation of larvae of tomato fruit worm was minimum (0.40) in emamectin benzoate whereas maximum (1.00) in control plot. Based on total yield and lower toxicity to the environment as well as human being neem seed extract is the most promising insecticide for the effective management of tomato fruit worm larvae. Garlic, turmeric and henge extracts proved ineffective in control of H. Armigera.
Differential Effects of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum Strain Patronus and Metronidazole in the Rat Gut

ABSTRACT In the luminal contents of metronidazole-treated rats, there was a dominant Bifidobacterium species. A strain has been isolated, its 16S rRNA gene has been sequenced, and the strain has been named Bifidobacterium pseudolongum strain Patronus. In this study, using an experimental model of healthy rats, the effects of metronidazole treatment and B. pseudolongum strain Patronus administration on the luminal and mucosa-associated microbiota and on gut oxidation processes were investigated. Metronidazole treatment and the daily gavage of rats with B. pseudolongum strain Patronus increased the numbers of bifidobacteria in cecal contents and in cecal mucosa-associated microbiota compared with those in control rats. Metronidazole reduced the colonic oxidative damage to proteins. This is the first evidence that B. pseudolongum strain Patronus exerts an effect on a biomarker of oxidative damage by reducing the susceptibility to oxidation of proteins in the colon and the small bowel. Antioxidant effects of metronidazole could be linked to the bifidobacterial increase but also to other bacterial modifications.
Microwave power performance comparison between single and dual doped-channel design in AlGaAs/InGaAs HFETs

Single and dual doped-channel AlGaAs/InGaAs FETs (DCFETs) were fabricated, characterized, and compared with each other in terms of dc, rf, and power performance. The dual doped channel design provides a higher current density, and a better linear operation range over a wide gate bias range and frequency. A 1 μm-long gate dual-DCFET operated at 1.9 GHz demonstrates a power-added efficiency of 51.5%, a gain of 19 dB, and an output power density of 305 mW/mm at 2.5 V. This performance suggests that dual doped-channel design is more suitable for linear and high power microwave device applications.
On the perceived time of voluntary actions.

When do we think we move when we make a voluntary action? Previous studies have pointed to an anticipatory awareness of action (i.e. we think we move before we actually do), but have not investigated the content or locus of motor awareness. In the experiment reported here the authors localize the time of awareness of the first movement in a sequence within the context of a specific information-processing model. The results suggest that our awareness of our own actions is associated with some pre-motor event after the initial intention and preparation of action, but before the assembly and dispatch of the actual motor command to the muscles.
Resolving to Go Forward

Little is known about the experiences and needs of family caregivers of Latino/Hispanic individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) during the early years of recovery. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to describe the experiences and identify the informational, decisional, interpersonal, and resource support needs of family caregivers of newly injured Latino/Hispanic individuals with SCI during the first 2 years after undergoing rehabilitation. “Resolving to go forward” was the core category that emerged from two simultaneous processes of “learning to care for” and “getting through” during the initial years as the primary informal caregiver. Most caregivers felt alone and abandoned after the injured person returned home, and experienced barriers to services and resources primarily because of language issues and economic status. We recommend that researchers develop and evaluate culturally appropriate, informal caregiving models to improve outcomes for both Latino individuals with SCI and their family caregivers.
Musical and Linguistic Processing in Song Perception

Abstract: One approach to comparing the neural bases of language and music is through the use of song, which is a unique and ecological combination of these two cognitive domains. In song, language and music are merged into one acoustic signal with two salient dimensions. By manipulating either the linguistic or musical dimensions (or both) of song and studying their relationships, it is possible to gain important information about the neural networks underlying language and music cognition. We will present a brief review followed by recent behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging studies concerned with the functional and structural relationships of music and language. These results, together with the previous studies in the field, help understanding whether the different levels of music and language processing are independent or interactive.
Purification of human vitamin K-dependent protein S and its limited proteolysis by thrombin.

Vitamin K-dependent protein S exists in two forms in human plasma, namely as the free protein and in complex with C4b-binding protein [Dahlbäck & Stenflo (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78, 2512-2516]. Now reported is a simple purification procedure for human protein S that includes barium citrate adsorption, DEAE-Sephacel chromatography and chromatography on Blue Sepharose. The yield was approx. 30% relative to the concentration of free protein S in plasma, which was found to be approx. 10 mg/l. Purified protein S migrated as a single-chain band on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis under non-reducing conditions and as a doublet of Mr approx. 85 000 and 75 000 on reduction. A third band of Mr 16 000 was observed after electrophoresis of 125I-labelled protein S and radioautography of reduced samples. This band appears to be disulphide-linked to the 75 000-Mr chain before reduction. Thrombin converted the 85 000-Mr chain of protein S into a 75 000-Mr chain and an 8000-Mr fragment, the latter again being detectable only by radioautography of reduced samples. The 16 000-Mr fragment was not observed, suggesting its degradation by thrombin. Under non-reducing conditions, no change in apparent molecular weight of thrombin-treated protein S was observed, indicating disulphide linkage of the fragments. Thrombin also affected the mobility of protein S on agarose-gel electrophoresis in the presence of Ca2+, suggesting a decreased affinity to Ca2+ of the cleaved form of protein S as compared with the undegraded molecule. After activation of the complement system in human serum, protein S was found to be a constituent part of the complex formed by C4b-binding protein and component C4b.
Programming Language Constructs Supporting Fault Tolerance

In order to render software viable for highly safety-critical applications, we describe how to incorporate fault tolerance mechanisms into the real-time programming language PEARL. Therefore, we present, classify, evaluate and illustrate known fault tolerance methods for software. We link them together with the requirements of the international standard IEC 61508-3 for functional safety. We contribute PEARL-2020 programming language constructs for fault tolerance methods that need to be implemented by operating systems, and code-snippets as well as libraries for those independent from runtime systems.