Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of species diversity on particle clearance and productivity in farmed bivalves

Most bivalve farms are designed as monocultures, yet diverse communities often outperform monocultures in various metrics of ecosystem functioning, including particle clearance and productivity. This study tested the feasibility of bivalve polyculture by examining particle clearance, growth, and survival of 4 species that are economically important to the northeastern USA. Three particle depletion experiments were conducted to determine if more diverse bivalve assemblages had greater clearance rates than those which were less diverse. Different assemblages of Crassostrea virginica, Spisula solidissima, Mercenaria mercenaria, and Mya arenaria were supplied with a single cultured algal species, a mix of 2 cultured algal species, or natural seston. To determine how species richness affects bivalve productivity, growth and survival were monitored in a flow-through mesocosm experiment, which simulated farm conditions. In the cultured algae experiments, more diverse assemblages did not exhibit significantly greater clearance rates than those that were less diverse. Instead, the clearance rates of each species were additive across assemblages. Surprisingly, most assemblages did not display a significant preference for the larger microalgae species, Pavlova lutheri (4.0−6.0 μm), over Nannochloropsis oculata (1.90−3.75 μm). Most notably, when supplied with natural seston, the 4-species polyculture demonstrated a significantly greater tank-level clearance rate for particles <25 μm compared to most monocultures. However, nearly all productivity metrics were not significantly affected by species richness. This work suggests that some degree of complementarity exists among these bivalves, and that in non-food limited systems, these bivalves could be co-cultured without outcompeting one another.
Analytical Model Developed for Precise Stress Estimation of Device Channel Within Advanced Planar MOSFET Architectures

An analytical model for the precise stress estimation of device channels is developed and demonstrated in this article. The resultant stress magnitude under considered stress resources, including strained source/drain (S/D) and intrinsic stressed shallow trench isolation (STI), is carefully predicted and compared. The calculated accuracy of the presented model is validated through finite element simulation by a given example of the Si/SiGe material system arranged in S/D local regions and surrounded in the STI field. The rapid prognosis ability of the proposed model is performed on Si, Ge, and group III–V channels of nano-scaled transistors under specifically designed stressors. The S/D dependence of performance variety for all considered device materials can be directly estimated by changing the designed S/D length substituted into the analytical model. Moreover, the variations in induced mobility gain are further quantified using stress-piezoresistance relation. The analytic results indicate that the strained Ge pMOSFET outperforms other strained devices, such as Si and In0.53Ga0. 47As channel materials, while identically designed strained level resulting from the lattice mismatch of S/D stressors is considered. Furthermore, the unstrained GaAs-based nMOSFET integrated with lattice-matched S/D Ge, indicating its superior electron mobility as compared with the S/D strained Si and Ge nMOSFETs owing to its advanced initial mobility. Accordingly, the systematically analytic flow of stress-induced device performance prediction is demonstrated via the present analytical solution integrated with corresponding piezoresistance models.
Clinical change after the implementation of the Choice and Partnership Approach within an Australian Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service

BACKGROUND The Choice and Partnership Approach (CAPA) model has been implemented widely into Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in the United Kingdom and similar health systems in Australia and New Zealand. This study investigated whether the implementation of the CAPA model was related to changes in client clinical outcomes and response times within a regional Australian CAMHS. METHOD Multiple measures of time, clinical diagnosis, contact and outcomes were collected at intake and discharge for 33 clients prior to and 77 following the implementation of CAPA. RESULTS A two-tailed t-test showed that the significantly reduced waiting time was associated with the timing of CAPA implementation. The Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents information subscale showed a significant post-CAPA implementation improvement. A chi-square test for independence showed that the CAPA model group had significantly more initial clinical appointments. CONCLUSIONS After the implementation of CAPA, the flow of young people through the service improved, with children and adolescents being seen in a more timely manner. The findings highlighted that the greater client throughput did not negatively impact upon clinical outcomes. Further prospective research with the completion of multi-informant outcome measures is recommended.
Domestic Product Involvement and Consumer Willingness to Buy Domestic Products: Empirical Testing of a Cognitive Consistency Theory Framework

Abstract This study investigates biases affecting domestic products willingness to buy (WTB). An interdisciplinary perspective uses the cognitive consistency theory as the framework for the development of a new model. The model includes domestic product involvement (DPI). The impact on WTB is predicted by consumer ethnocentrism, and product judgment, driven by DPI are tested with survey data from an adult sample of 255 UK consumers. The study concludes with observations about the value of research findings for marketing practice.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cell subsets drive glioblastoma growth in a sex-specific manner

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that block anti-tumor immunity are elevated in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. However, the distinct contribution of monocytic (mMDSC) versus granulocytic (gMDSC) subsets has yet to be determined. We observed that mMDSCs were enriched in the male tumor microenvironment, while gMDSCs were elevated in the circulation of female GBM models. Depletion of peripheral gMDSCs extended the survival only in female mice. Using gene expression signatures coupled with network medicine analysis, we demonstrated in pre-clinical models that mMDSCs could be targeted with anti-proliferative agents in males, whereas gMDSC function in females could be inhibited by IL-1β blockade. Analysis of patient data confirmed that proliferating mMDSCs were the predominant population in male tumors, and that a high gMDSC/IL-1β gene signature correlated with poor prognosis of female patients. These findings demonstrate that MDSC subsets differentially drive immune suppression in a sex-specific manner and can be leveraged for therapeutic intervention in GBM. Statement of Significance Sexual dimorphism at the level of MDSC subset prevalence, localization and gene expression profile comprises a therapeutic opportunity. Our results indicate that chemotherapy can be used to target mMDSC in males, while IL-1 pathway inhibitors can provide benefit to females through blockade of gMDSC function.
In Silico Structural and Functional Annotation of Nine Essential Hypothetical Proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae

The ability of Streptococcus pneumoniae to induce infections relies on its virulence factor machinery. A previous CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) study had identified 254 essential proteins that may be responsible towards the pathogenicity of S. pneumoniae serotype 2 strain D39. However, 39 of them were functionally and structurally uncharacterized. Hence, by using in silico approach, this study aimed to annotate the function and structure of these un-annotated proteins. Initially, all 39 proteins went through primary screening for template availability and pathogenicity. From there, 11 of them were selected and underwent further physicochemical, functional and structural categorization through integrated bioinformatics approach by means of amino acid sequence- and structure- based analyses. The obtained data revealed that 9 targeted proteins showed high possibility to be involved in either cell viability or cell pathogenicity mechanism of the bacterium, with SPD_1333 and SPD_1743 being the two most promising proteins to be further studied. Findings from this study can help in facilitating a better understanding of pathogenic ability of this microorganism and enhance drug development and target identification processes in the aim of improving pneumococcal disease control.
Survey of Hepatitis B virus infection and risk factors among pregnant women at public hospital in Ethiopia

Background: Hepatitis B is a global public health problem and a major cause of liver disease, including chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Pregnant women with hepatitis B virus infection are reservoir for the virus and do have high potential to transmit it to their fetuses and newborns. The objective of the study was to investigatesero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and assesses risk factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September, 2014 among pregnant women in Ethiopia. A pretested structured questionnaire was employed to collect data on socio-demographic and potential risk factors for HBV infection. Blood sample was collected and tested for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay kit. Obtained data were evaluated by frequency, logistic regression analyses, and a significance level of 5 % (α = 0.05) was established. Result: Of the total pregnant women, 11(5.4%) of the study participants were positive for HBsAg. Majority (40.1%) of participants were in age group 25-29 years. The prevalence of HBV infection was higher above 20 years of age. Our finding revealed that none of the study participants were aware of their HBV sero-status. Sero positivity for hepatitis B surface antigen was statistically associated with history of abortion (AOR: 6; 95% CI :( 1.39-27.69); P-value: 0.017), surgery (AOR: 5;95% CI: 1.04-24.31; P-value: 0.045) and family history for hepatitis (AOR: 11; 95% CI (1.63 80.44); P-value: 0.014). Conclusion: According to the research findings, there was an intermediate endemicity of hepatitis B virus infection. The finding revealed that history of abortion, surgery and family history for hepatitis were the major risk factors for the high prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the study area. Appropriate, targeted and timely response is mandatory for tackling the harmful health effects of HBV infection/disease.
Constraints and opportunities for innovation in the Moving to Work Demonstration Program

ABSTRACT The Moving to Work (MTW) Demonstration Program provides participating housing agencies with additional programmatic and operational flexibility that is used to achieve Congress’s statutory goals. The MTW Demonstration Program is designed to provide agencies with the flexibility to pursue innovative activities, yet there are myriad constraints that alter the behavior of these agencies. This study uses evidence generated from interviews with personnel from MTW agencies to understand how they use MTW to address and overcome bureaucratic, resource, and market constraints to further their mission. The findings from this study enhance our understanding of MTW agencies, their decision-making, and how they innovate in a constrained environment. These results are relevant to a wide audience, including existing MTW agencies, public housing authorities that are considering MTW designation under the new expansion, housing researchers, as well as policymakers and practitioners who focus on federal housing policy and innovation in public agencies.
Preterm infant car seat safety and evidence informed nursing leadership in the NICU

Motor vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of death amongst infants and children in North America. Preterm infants (<37 weeks gestational age) are often discharged from hospital weighing less than five pounds and are at risk of apnea, bradycardia and oxygen desaturation when seated in infant car seats, thus this population faces issues with safety, fit and positioning in car seats. Existing protocols in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) lack research support and specific guidelines for implementation resulting in inconsistencies in car seat safety practices in the NICU. This project is an integrated review of the literature concerning preterm infants and evidenced informed car seat safety in the NICU and is guided by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS) framework for knowledge translation. Recommendations for practice are outlined and support for nursing leaders is offered to move this knowledge into practice. Suggestions for future research are presented to provide insight into the ongoing safety issues for this fragile population.
The use of 3D printing within radiation therapy to improve bolus conformity: a literature review

Abstract Background and purpose In radiotherapy (RT) bolus material is used to increase skin dose and eliminate the ‘skin-sparing’ effect. Bolus fabrication is limited to the expertise of the practitioner and is time and resource intensive for both patients and staff to construct bolus. In addition, prefabricated bolus does not always conform to irregular surfaces resulting in variations to dose distribution at the skin surface. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether it is feasible to improve bolus conformity within radiation therapy by using a 3D printer to fabricate bolus. Method A literature review was conducted that utilised Boolean terminology and included keywords; (‘3d’ OR ‘3-dimensional’ OR ‘three dimensional’) ‘bolus’ OR ‘boli’ conform*, (‘Radiation therapy’ OR ‘radiotherapy’) Printing. Results Several key papers were identified and critically evaluated based of the title of the feasibility of improving bolus conformity with the used of 3D printing. Several fabrication material devices were explored. Findings The literature advocates that fused deposition modelling fabrication device clear polylactic acid material to be an adequate product to construct 3D printed bolus and conform to irregular surfaces. 3D bolus would prove advantageous for volumetric arc therapy/intensity modulated radiation therapy techniques as literature has shown the presence of air gaps, small field sizes and large beam obliquity can result in a >10% dose reduction at skin surface.
Common mental disorders and risk behaviours in motorcyclists victims of traffic-accidents

BACKGROUND: Motorcycles accidents are a public health problem. Drivers ́ behaviours are pointed out as one of the main causes of their occurrence and may be associated with psychiatric comorbidities as Common Mental Disorders (CMD). AIM: To analyse the association between CMD and risk behaviours adopted by motorcyclists victims of traffic accidents. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with injured motorcyclists who were hospitalised in a Hospital located in Northeast of Brazil. A questionnaire was used containing items related to sociodemographic, occupational and behavioural factors, mental health (Self Reporting Questionnaire-20) and aspects of the accident and road conditions. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed, calculating the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) and the level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: A total of 170 motorcycle drivers were surveyed. There was a predominance of males (95.9%), with a mean age of 31 years. The prevalence of CMD was 14.7%. The bivariate analysis indicated that the disorders were associated with driving with sleep/fatigue (OR=4.7) and driving a motorcycle without wearing a helmet (OR=2,7). CONCLUSION: This study result indicated a link between being the driver’s diagnosed with a common mental disorder and risky behaviour in traffic. The research denoted the dimension of accidents involving a motorcycle and, also, highlights how drivers’ mental health is a factor impacting the behaviours adopted by them. Thus, poor mental health may influence their road accidents.
Patient Expectations of Visiting Department of Oral Medicine for Burning Mouth Syndrome: Relationship between Expectations and Clinical and Psychological Characteristics

Received November 22, 2019 Revised November 29, 2019 Accepted December 3, 2019 Purpose: The aims of this study were to investigate the expectation of patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and assess the relationship between patient expectations and clinical and psychological characteristics. Methods: Eligibility was retrospectively assessed on 93 patients with BMS. A total of five questionnaires on patients’ expectation for a visit, pain, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), cognition (Pain Catastrophizing Scale) and psychological distress (Symptom Checklist-90 revised) were measured. Results: Sixty-five patients were included in this study. The top 3 priorities of expectation for a treatment visit to the Department of Oral Medicine were as following; “I want my pain to be free”; “I want to understand why it hurts”; “I want to communicate better with doctors about pain”. Patients with priority of pain relief showed poor sleep quality than patients who are more interested in the disease related information. Conclusions: To improve treatment outcomes of BMS, clinicians should improve their own understanding of patients who are suffering from BMS. Inquiring about the patient expectations may be one of them, and it would contribute to the enhancement of patients’ overall well-being.
Teratogenic Drug Topiramate Upregulates TGFβ1 and SOX9 Expression in Primary Palatal Mesenchyme Cells

Topiramate is a commonly prescribed anti-epileptic drug with over 8 million prescriptions dispensed annually. Topiramate use during pregnancy has been linked to significantly increased risk of babies born with orofacial clefts (OFCs). However, the exact molecular mechanism of topiramate teratogenicity is unknown. We used an unbiased antibody array analysis to test the effect of topiramate on human embryonic palatal mesenchyme (HEPM) cells. This analysis identified 40 differentially expressed proteins, showing strong connectivity to known OFC genes. However, among known OFC genes, only TGFβ1 was significantly upregulated in the antibody array analysis. Next, we validated that topiramate could increase expression of TGFβ1 and of downstream target phospho-SMAD2 in primary mouse embryonic palatal mesenchyme (MEPM) cells. Furthermore, we showed that topiramate treatment of primary MEPM cells increased expression of SOX9. SOX9 overexpression in chondrocytes is known to cause cleft palate in mouse. We propose that topiramate mediates upregulation of TGFβ1 signaling through activation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in the palate. TGFβ1 and SOX9 play critical roles in orofacial morphogenesis, and their abnormal overexpression may underlie the teratogenic effects of topiramate.
Preservice teachers’ perspectives of failure during a practicum

ABSTRACT This article examines the phenomenon of failure in a Bachelor of Education practicum from the perspectives of preservice teachers. Utilizing a phenomenological theoretical framework and methodology, the perspectives of four preservice teachers are shared. The data were drawn from practicum reports, field notes, interviews, and student teacher questionnaires. Analysis of the findings reveals how insufficient content knowledge, inadequate planning, and avoidance of difficult discussions lead to failure. Further analysis of the sequence of events leading up to the failure reveals the significance of clear and authentic communication in the early days of the placement. Although the four preservice teachers struggled with failure, they also demonstrated resilience in their quest to become teachers. The authors conclude with six essential questions that help to mitigate failure.
Research on design, production and sales factors of mobile phone based on online review analysis

Based on the relationship between mobile online review elements and mobile product stages, this paper extracted the online review data of four mobile phones on the online shopping platform. The SPSS logarithm was used for descriptive statistics and cluster analysis, and an indicator system of purchase decision factors based on mobile phone design, production and sales was established. Finally, relevant countermeasures and Suggestions are put forward for enterprises and shopping platform from the perspectives of mobile phone design, production and sales, by analyzing the index system and the consumer preference of the target user group.
Late recurarization in the post-anesthetic care unit after total thyroidectomy −A case report−

as a remnant effect of blocking after Therefore, complete recovery of muscle strength at the end of surgery is a significant factor for patient safety. We report a case of a 53-year-old woman who presented with residual paralysis after total thyroidectomy. To improve her condition, we injected sugammadex intravenously in the post-anesthetic care unit. After that, we observed her for 1 hour and her muscle strength gradually recovered. She did not have any symptoms on the next day and was discharged on the 5th post-operative day. (Anesth Pain Med 2016; 11: 380-383)
KCNQ channels enable reliable presynaptic spiking and synaptic transmission at high-frequency

The presynaptic action potential (AP) results in calcium influx which triggers neurotransmitter release. For this reason, the AP waveform is crucial in determining the timing and strength of synaptic transmission. The calyx of Held nerve terminals of rat show minimum changes in AP waveform during high-frequency AP firing. We found that the stability of the calyceal AP waveform requires KCNQ K+ channel activated during high-frequency spiking activity. High-frequency presynaptic spikes gradually led to accumulation of KCNQ channels in open states which kept interspike membrane potential sufficiently negative to maintain Na+ channel availability. Accordingly, blocking KCNQ channels during stimulus trains led to inactivation of presynaptic Na+, and to a lesser extent KV1 channels, thereby reducing the AP height and broadening AP duration. Thus, while KCNQ channels are generally thought to prevent hyperactivity of neurons, we find that in axon terminals these channels function to facilitate high-frequency firing needed for sensory coding. HIGHLIGHTS KCNQ channels are activated during high-frequency firing The activity of KCNQ channels helps the recovery of Na+ and KV1 channels from inactivation and maintains action potential waveform Reliable presynaptic action potential waveform preserves stable Ca2+ influx and reliable synaptic signaling