Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ndividual employee ’ s perceptions of “ Group-level Safety Climate ” supervisor referenced ) versus “ Organization-level Safety Climate ” top management referenced ) : Associations with safety outcomes for one workers

Research has shown that safety climate is among the strongest predictors of safety behavior and safety outcomes in a variety of settings. Previous studies have established that safety climate is a multi-faceted construct referencing multiple levels of management within a company, most generally: the organization level (employee perceptions of top management’s commitment to and prioritization of safety) and group level (employee perceptions of direct supervisor’s commitment to and prioritization of safety). Yet, no research to date has examined the potential interaction between employees’ organization-level safety climate (OSC) and group-level safety climate (GSC) perceptions. Furthermore, prior research has mainly focused on traditional work environments in which supervisors and workers interact in the same location throughout the day. Little research has been done to examine safety climate with regard to lone workers. The present study aims to address these gaps by examining the relationships between truck drivers’ (as an example of lone workers) perceptions of OSC and GSC, both potential linear and non-linear relationships, and how these predict important safety outcomes. Participants were 8095 truck drivers from eight trucking companies in the United States with an average response rate of 44.8%. Results showed that employees’ OSC and GSC perceptions are highly correlated (r = 0.78), but notable gaps between the two were observed for some truck drivers. Uniquely, both OSC and GSC scores were found to have curvilinear relationships with safe driving behavior, and both scores were equally predictive of safe driving behavior. Results also showed the two levels of climate significantly interacted with one another to predict safety behavior such that if either the OSC or GSC scores were low, the other’s contribution to safety behavior became stronger. These findings suggest that OSC and GSC may function in a compensatory manner and promote safe driving behavior even when either OSC or GSC scores are low. The results of this study provide critical insight into the supplementary interaction between perceptions of OSC and GSC. Recommendations for future research, as well as practical recommendations for organizational intervention, are discussed. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
Relative survival of hybrid X-ray-resistant, and normally sensitive mammalian cells exposed to X rays and protons under aerobic and hypoxic conditions.

Survival of an X-ray-resistant hybrid cell line $({\rm HD}_{1})$ and a normally responsive cell line $({\rm H}_{4})$ have been compared when irradiated under induced hypoxia by both protons and X rays. The two cell lines are similarly protected when irradiated under hypoxic conditions with oxygen enhancement ratios of 2.8 and 2.7, respectively. The protection is consistent with a dose-modifying factor. No statistically significant difference is observed between cell inactivation by X rays and protons in either cell line, whether irradiated under aerobic or hypoxic conditions.
In vivo subsurface morphological and functional cellular and subcellular imaging of the gastrointestinal tract with confocal mini-microscopy.

AIM To evaluate a newly developed hand-held confocal probe for in vivo microscopic imaging of the complete gastrointestinal tract in rodents. METHODS A novel rigid confocal probe (diameter 7 mm) was designed with optical features similar to the flexible endomicroscopy system for use in humans using a 488 nm single line laser for fluorophore excitation. Light emission was detected at 505 to 750 nm. The field of view was 475 microm multiply 475 microm. Optical slice thickness was 7 microm with a lateral resolution of 0.7 microm. Subsurface serial images at different depths (surface to 250 microm) were generated in real time at 1024 multiply 1024 pixels (0.8 frames/s) by placing the probe onto the tissue in gentle, stable contact. Tissue specimens were sampled for histopathological correlation. RESULTS The esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine and meso, liver, pancreas and gall bladder were visualised in vivo at high resolution in n = 48 mice. Real time microscopic imaging with the confocal mini-microscopy probe was easy to achieve. The different staining protocols (fluorescein, acriflavine, FITC-labelled dextran and L. esculentum lectin) each highlighted specific aspects of the tissue, and in vivo imaging correlated excellently with conventional histology. In vivo blood flow monitoring added a functional quality to morphologic imaging. CONCLUSION Confocal microscopy is feasible in vivo allowing the visualisation of the complete GI tract at high resolution even of subsurface tissue structures. The new confocal probe design evaluated in this study is compatible with laparoscopy and significantly expands the field of possible applications to intra-abdominal organs. It allows immediate testing of new in vivo staining and application options and therefore permits rapid transfer from animal studies to clinical use in patients.
Localization and chemical synthesis of fibronectin peptides with melanoma adhesion and heparin binding activities.

Tumor cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix is an important consideration in tumor metastasis. Recent results show that multiple adhesion-promoting domains for melanoma cells can be purified from proteolytic digests of fibronectin [McCarthy, J. B. , Hagen, S. T. , & Furcht, L. T. (1986) J. Cell Biol. 102, 179-188]. Monoclonal antibodies were generated against a tryptic/catheptic 33K heparin binding fragment of fibronectin derived from the carboxyl terminal of the A chain. This region contains a tumor cell adhesion-promoting domain(s). The amino-terminal sequence was determined for this fragment, as well as a tryptic 31K fragment which is located to the carboxyl-terminal side of the 33K heparin binding fragment in A chains of fibronectin. The partial sequence data demonstrate that arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-serine (RGDS) or the related arginyl-glutamyl-aspartyl-valine (REDV) is not present in the 33K heparin binding fragment, confirming earlier results which demonstrated that cells adhere to this fragment by an RGDS-independent mechanism. Two monoclonal antibodies, termed AHB-1 and AHB-2, recognized epitopes common to heparin binding fragments derived from the carboxyl terminus of both the A and B chains of fibronectin. Monoclonal antibody AHB-2 inhibited melanoma adhesion to the 33K heparin binding fragment of fibronectin in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas monoclonal antibody AHB-1 had no effect on adhesion to this fragment. Neither monoclonal antibody inhibited adhesion to intact fibronectin. However, monoclonal AHB-2 potentiated the inhibitory effect of suboptimal levels of exogenous RGDS on cell adhesion to intact fibronectin. AHB-2 recognized an epitope common to both the A- and B-chain carboxyl-terminal heparin binding region of fibronectin. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Spatiotemporal Secretion of PEROXIDASE36 Is Required for Seed Coat Mucilage Extrusion in Arabidopsis[W]

This work identifies a mucilage extrusion factor, PER36, which is transiently secreted into the periclinal cell wall at the early stage of seed development. The polarized and temporal secretion of PER36 functions in cell wall modification followed by degradation for efficient mucilage extrusion. The epidermal cells of the Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat, which correspond to the second layer of the outer integument (oi2), contain large quantities of a pectic polysaccharide called mucilage within the apoplastic space beneath the outer periclinal cell wall. Immediately after seed imbibition, the mucilage is extruded and completely envelops the seed in a gel-like capsule. We found that a class III peroxidase family protein, PEROXIDASE36 (PER36), functions as a mucilage extrusion factor. Expression of PER36 occurred only in oi2 cells for a few days around the torpedo stage. A PER36–green fluorescent protein fusion was secreted into the outer cell wall in a polarized manner. per36 mutants were defective in mucilage extrusion after seed imbibition due to the failure of outer cell wall rupture, although the mutants exhibited normal monosaccharide composition of the mucilage. This abnormal phenotype of per36 was rescued by pectin solubilization, which promoted cell wall loosening. These results suggest that PER36 regulates the degradation of the outer cell wall. Taken together, this work indicates that polarized secretion of PER36 in a developmental stage-dependent manner plays a role in cell wall modification of oi2 cells.
Constructing Lexical Semantic Hierarchies from Binary Semantic Features

Abstract. The paper employs and extends methods from Formal Concept Analysis for constructing semantic hierarchies from lexical classifications by binary semantic features. In particular, we show how the dichotomic character of binary features can be captured within an appropriate logical framework that makes recourse to intuitionistic logic. The investigation is motivated by the use of semantic features in a largescale lexical semantic database.
Economies of Scale: A Survey of the Empirical Literature

If firms were animals rather than economic entities, a behavioral scientist trying to describe their traits would observe that firms tend to be found in herds and usually migrate towards the biggest watering holes. This paper surveys the literature on the questions why firms grow stronger with size, why they are found in herds, and what the effects are of meeting other herds around the watering holes. In economist-speak, I review the empirical literature on internal and external economies of scale. Internal scale economies arise on the level of a single firm. External scale economies arise on the level of an industry or a region. For each type of scale economies, I consider static and dynamic effects.
Blood Pressure Regulation During Bathing: Is There a Cardiovascular Risk?

Water immersion-induced augmentations of external hydrostatic pressure increase central venous and atrial volume and pressure (Arborelius et al., 1972; Gabrielsen et al., 1993; Onodera et al., 2001). The increased left ventricular preload results in the elevation of stroke volume and cardiac output (Arborelius et al., 1972; Ueno et al., 2005). In Poiseuille’s law, an elevated stroke volume should increase blood pressure. Therefore, it is reasonable to predict that blood pressure increases during bathing. However, previous studies have reported contradictory results. Ohnaka et al. (1995) have demonstrated that 10-min bathing (40 oC) decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) in young and middle-aged subjects. Additionally, Nagasawa et al. (2001) have reported that SBP decreased during hot-water immersion (40 oC, 10 min) in young subjects, but increased at the onset of immersion and recovered during the latter phase of immersion in older subjects. Furthermore, Allison & Reger (1998) have reported that SBP in young and middle-aged men showed initial decrease, followed by a gradual increase back toward the baseline during 21-min bathing (40.0 oC). Taken together, the vasopressor effects of bathing are less likely to be marked. Blood pressure during bathing may be maintained by some facilitated regulatory mechanisms.
Flexible Object Handling using Dextrous Grippers

Robots are used to perform tedious work in more and more of today’s industrial applications. Traditionally robots are used in applications with well structured and extremely predictable environments like that of a production line. In the last few years new trends within industrial automation has arisen. One trend is to move from mass production to production of customized products [1] which demands flexibility of the production line. Another related trend is the need to handle a greater variety of products achieved by increasing the intelligence in robot cells [2]. Intelligence in industrial robots becomes essential when working with less structured environments and autonomous applications. Both trends highlight the increased need for flexible robot cells. Typically robots in them selves are flexible, but their tools are not. Industrial applications using robots for assembling use gripper tools for handling or manipulation of objects. These tools are usually custom made, sensorless and extremely application specific. The flexibility and intelligence of such grippers is therefore low. The lack of flexible gripper tools has fuelled the research of dextrous grippers since the mid 1980’s. Though a wide variety of dexterous hands exists (Utah/MIT Dextrous hand, NTU hand, DLR hand, etc.), they have not yet found their way to industrial applications. This is mainly because of control and reliability issues, but also because the need and financial interests for flexibility in industrial applications did not exist until recently. The combination of industrial interest and immature technology is the basis of this project.
Optimization of Polarimetric Contrast Enhancement Based on Fisher Criterion

The optimization of polarimetric contrast enhancement (OPCE) is a widely used method for maximizing the received power ratio of a desired target versus an undesired target (clutter). In this letter, a new model of the OPCE is proposed based on the Fisher criterion. By introducing the well known two-class problem of linear discriminant analysis (LDA), the proposed model is to enlarge the normalized distance of mean value between the target and the clutter. In addition, a cross-iterative numerical method is proposed for solving the optimization with a quadratic constraint. Experimental results with the polarimetric SAR (POLSAR) data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Molecular properties and immunomodulatory activities of a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide isolated from Plantago asiatica L. leaves

Abstract This study aims at investigating physical–chemical properties of a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide from Plnatago asiatica L. leaves, and its immunomodulatory effects on macrophages RAW264.7 cells. Hot water-extracted crude polysaccharide from the plant leaves (PLLCP) was fractionated into four fractions by DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow eluted with 0.1–0.5 M NaCl solutions. The most abundant fraction (0.3 M NaCl elution), designated PLLP-2, was identified as a heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 3.54 × 104 and composed mainly of Gal (34.4%), GalA (36.5%), Ara (10.1%) and Rha (8.4%). PLLP-2 was an acidic polysaccharide exhibiting inflaky curly aggregation with smooth surface. PLLCP and its main subfraction PLLP-2 displayed immunomodulatory activities by stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β in macrophage RAW264.7 cells. These results indicate that the main polysaccharide fraction purified from P. asiatica L. leaves is probably pectin, and have potential immunomodulatory function.
Design and fabrication of passive components using TF-IPD technology

In this paper, we develop a low-cost manufacturing technology for RF system-in-package applications. This high-performance process technology for integrated passive devices is achieved by electroplated formed thick Cu metal trace and back-side substrate thinning process on 8-inch glass wafer. This paper first presents investigations for common integration of inductors, resistors, capacitors in this thin film process technology and examines their RF performance. Then, a lowpass filter design for 2.4 GHz ISM band application is also demonstrated. Good RF performance as well as small form factor are achieved.
Macrophages in human tumours: An immunohistochemical study

Forty‐five human malignant tumours and three benign lesions were stained histochemically for non‐specific esterase (NSE) and acid phosphatase (AP), and immunohistochemically for lysozyme. Most of the tumours contained small numbers of lysozyme positive macrophages (LPM), but colonic tumours showed moderate numbers of LPM around the edge of the lesions. Gastric and secondary duodenal tumours (n = 3) contained moderate numbers of intralesional LPM in addition. Most squamous and all mesenchymal tumours contained no lysozyme positive macrophages. The usefulness of the three staining methods was assessed and it was concluded that lysozyme was specific but detected only part of the macrophage population. Neutrophil polymorphs were also stained but could be recognised by nuclear morphology. AP and NSE detected more cells but stained tumour cells as well as macrophages, making these methods of limited use in tumours showing invasion of the stroma by single cells or small groups of cells.
Ontology and Database Mapping: A Survey of Current Implementations and Future Directions

In this paper we discuss the problem of mapping relational database contents and ontologies. The motivation lies in the fact that during the latest years, the evolution in Web Technologies rendered the addition of intelligence to the information residing on the Web a necessity. We argue that the addition of formal semantics to the databases that store the majority of information found in the Web is important, in order to make this information searchable, accessible and retrievable. The key technologies towards this direction are the Semantic Web and the ontologies. We analyze in this paper the approaches that have so far been presented in order to exploit the prospects that such collaboration promises. We set the theoretical and practical boundaries of the mapping problem, we delve into the tools that altogether comprise today's state of the art, and we provide a discussion about the benefits and the drawbacks of the existing approaches. We discuss the feasibility and viability of applying the mappings in real world applications as well as the directions that the evolution of current implementations should follow. We conclude by presenting the requirements that should be met in order to provide a more powerful next generation of mapping frameworks.
Antitumor Effects of ZD 6474 , a Small Molecule Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor , with Additional Activity against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 1

Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mitogen for endothelial cells and enhances vascular permeability. Enhanced VEGF secretion is found in human cancers and correlates with increased tumor neovascularization. ZD6474 is a p.o. bioavailable, VEGF flk-1/KDR receptor (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antitumor activity in many human cancer xenografts and is currently in Phase I clinical development. Experimental Design: We tested the effects of ZD6474 on EGFR phosphorylation in cell expressing functional epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the antiproliferative and the proapoptotic activity of ZD6474 alone or in combination taxanes in human cancer cell lines with functional EGFR but lacking VEGFR-2. The antitumor activity of this drug was also tested in nude mice bearing established GEO colon cancer xenografts. Results: ZD6474 causes a dose-dependent inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation in mouse NIH-EGFR fibroblasts and human MCF-10A ras breast cancer cells, two cell lines that overexpress the human EGFR. ZD6474 treatment resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of soft agar growth in seven human cell lines (breast, colon, gastric, and ovarian) with functional EGFR but lacking VEGFR-2. A dose-dependent supra-additive effect in growth inhibition and in apoptosis in vitro was observed by the combined treatment with ZD6474 and paclitaxel or docetaxel. ZD6474 treatment of nude mice bearing palpable GEO colon cancer xenografts (which are sensitive to inhibition of EGFR signaling) induced dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant dose-dependent reduction of neoangiogenesis. The antitumor activity of ZD6474 in GEO tumor xenografts was also found to be enhanced when combined with paclitaxel. Tumor regression was observed in all mice after treatment with ZD6474 plus paclitaxel, and it was accompanied by a significant potentiation in inhibition of angiogenesis. Six of 20 mice had no histological evidence of tumors after treatment with ZD6474 plus paclitaxel. Conclusions: This study suggests that in addition to inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation by blocking VEGFinduced signaling, ZD6474 may also be able to inhibit cancer cell growth by blocking EGFR autocrine signaling. These results provide also a rationale for the clinical evaluation of ZD6474 combined with taxanes in cancer patients.
Beginnings of a “ HIPs and PIPs ” Approach to Psychiatric Assessment

In the spring of 1988, the Family Therapy Program at The University of Calgary was faced with external administrative pressures to use the DSM-III diagnostic framework in assessing the children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems who were to be seen in the program. It was suggested that the program use a DSM diagnosis as an intake criterion for the child’s family to be accepted for treatment. As Director of the program, I opposed an imposition of the DSM framework for a number of reasons. My reservations about the DSM were outlined in the first issue of this newsletter. Central among these was a concern about the potential pathologizing effects of psychiatric “labeling” on children and adolescents. The social stigma associated with a psychiatric diagnosis adds a significant burden to the person so labeled and makes recovery more difficult. The labeling effects may be subtle but they tend to become increasingly pervasive and malignant as growing acceptance of the psychiatric label spreads through the professional and social networks of the child, and eventually becomes internalized as part of the child’s identity. I was not willing to accept a diagnostic means that contradicted the therapeutic ends of the program.
An Active Learning Approach for Multi-Label Image Classification with Sample Noise

Multi-label active learning for image classification has been a popular research topic. It faces several challenges, even though related work has made great progress. Existing studies on multi-label active learning do not pay attention to the cleanness of sample data. In reality, data are easily polluted by external influences that are likely to disturb the exploration of data space and have a negative effect on model training. Previous methods of label correlation mining, which are purely based on observed label distribution, are defective. Apart from neglecting noise influence, they also cannot acquire sufficient relevant information. In fact, they neglect inner relation mapping from example space to label space, which is an implicit way of modeling label relationships. To solve these issues, we develop a novel multi-label active learning with low-rank application (ENMAL) algorithm in this paper. A low-rank model is constructed to quantize noise level, and the example-label pairs that contain less noise are emphasized when sampling. A low-rank mapping matrix is learned to signify the mapping relation of a multi-label domain to capture a more comprehensive and reasonable label correlation. Integrating label correlation with uncertainty and considering sample noise, an efficient sampling strategy is developed. We extend ENMAL with automatic labeling (denoted as AL-ENMAL) to further reduce the annotation workload of active learning. Empirical research demonstrates the efficacy of our approaches.