Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Persian Indigenous Therapeutic Ritual of "Yaar Araat Gerem" with Psychodrama

Abstract Among the ethnic groups living in Kermanshah Province [i] , it is customary to perform a special therapy called (Yaar Arat Gerem [ii] ) to treat individuals diagnosed with distress and neurosis, which is rooted in ancient indigenous traditions of the region. Effective techniques of this ritual are significantly similar to psychodrama. The supervisor of the group performing this procedure, called “Pary gir”, along with his assistants begins a therapeutic relationship with the patient, based on empathy and emphasizing on the present time. Through looking at the patient’s past and discussing his/her relationships with the important people in his/her life, “Pary gir” tries to understand his/her phenomenal world in order to start a proper treatment through finding the root causes of his/her present problems, and finally utilizes techniques that lead to his/her mental catharsis. In this paper, the researcher explains that psychodrama in its indigenous format, has been used therapeutically for centuries in Iran, through conducting a comparative study of this indigenous therapeutic ritual and modern psychodrama. The comparison highlights the necessity of recognition and revival of these types of indigenous therapeutic rituals, and emphasizes the necessity of their application in the treatment of psychological disorders. Notes Note 1. a province located in the west of Iran Note 2. I’ll find you an auxiliary ego
Photochemical reactivity of ancient marine dissolved organic carbon

Marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest reservoir of reduced carbon in seawater and persists up to 4,000–6,000 conventional radiocarbon (14C) years on average. Photochemical degradation has been suggested as a geochemical sink for these long‐lived molecules, yet there have been no studies relating photochemical lability to the14C‐ages of surface DOC. We observed apparent second order (2°) kinetics with respect to DOC and a strong trend from Δ14C‐enriched to depleted values during exhaustive photomineralization of surface marine DOC with high energy UV light. Geochemically, these results suggest that surface DOC is an isotopically‐heterogeneous mixture of molecules for which photochemical lability and14C ages are correlated. Photochemical mineralization may therefore be an important control on the persistence of 14C‐depleted DOC in the ocean.
Knowledge Sharing: Assessment of Factors Affecting Employee' Motivation and Behavior in the Lebanese Organizations

For many companies today, the environments in which they operate have changed dramatically over the last decades. The atmosphere of corporate environment relies heavily on aspects concerning its workers and in particular its knowledge workers. Companies worldwide, in order to stay competitive, have started shifting their approach and outlook on how business should be conducted and as to what knowledge aspects are important. Knowledge sharing behavior varies within and between organizations. There are a number of factors that either motivate or hinder such a behavior. However; how these factors influence employees' motivation for knowledge sharing has not been carefully tested within Lebanese organizations. Objectives: Given the increasing importance of knowledge capital and deployment of information technology to facilitate knowledge transfer in organizations, this paper aims: 1) To examine knowledge sharing attitudes within Lebanese organizations so as to study Original Research Article Hejase et al.; JSRR, Article no. JSRR.2014. 12.002 1550 the factors that influence motivation for knowledge sharing; 2) To analyze how organizational and human factors influence the knowledge sharing behavior within these organizations. Method: Mixed method approach. A qualitative approach was adopted to review current secondary data and information to prepare a background for the research in question. A quantitative approach using a questionnaire survey was used to collect data from a sample of 148 Lebanese employees in order to assess and validate the research model in question. Results: A relationship has been proved to exist between knowledge sharing and trust, management’s support, culture and psychological ownership of knowledge, indicating the importance of such factors as prerequisites of the success of knowledge sharing. Conclusions: The results of this study have implications for staff and managers in organizations. Organizations have to create a culture that is pro-knowledge sharing, where knowledge sharing is valued by everyone, and strategies that are more knowledge friendly are implemented; this is done through the mentoring programs, creating communities, conferences and through generating a vision that emphasizes knowledge and its importance.
Propensity for Participative Decision Making (PPDM) In Turkey and the USA

Increased subordinate participation in management decisions has been a recognised trend in both private and public organisations in many western nations. Less is known about such practices in other parts of the world, however, especially in emerging countries. This study assesses similarities and differences between US and Turkish managers with regard to propensity for participative decision making (PPDM). The first hypothesis tests the validity of the PPDM scale among a sample of Turkish managers, and was supported. The second hypothesis examines whether US managers report higher levels of participation with respect to the four dimensions of organisational effectiveness, power, culture, and commitment. Surprisingly, the Turkish managers reported higher levels of participation in the first three dimensions, with no statistical difference with the US managers on commitment. Other findings are discussed and directions for future research are also presented.
Antenna Beamwidths of Above-The-Road Radar for Traffic Speed Enforcement in China

Above-The-Road (AbTR) radar is a new type of speed measurement device used in China for traffic speed enforcement. The antenna beamwidths in vertical and horizontal directions are critical parameters for AbTR radar because speed measurement accuracy partly depends on vertical beamwidth and speed measurement interference from adjacent lanes can be effectively minimized by appropriate choice of horizontal beamwidth. In this paper, the speed measurement principle of AbTR radar is introduced and the reason for field speed measurement error is presented. The speed measurement error is theoretically calculated in various combinations of different vertical beamwidths and possible installation angles. The requirement for horizontal beamwidth to operate with less interference from adjacent lanes is also theoretically laid down with different installation heights and angles. Field tests with three equal-distanced piezosensors each lane as triggering references have been performed on an AbTR radar sample with vertical beamwidth 5.1° and horizontal beamwidth 5.2°. The results of theoretical analysis and field tests validate that the requirement of less than 6° for AbTR radar antenna beamwidths in vertical and horizontal directions is a precondition for accurate and reliable field measurements, which has been added to the China’s pattern approval regulation for AbTR radar devices newly published.
“Everyone knows me …. I sort of like move about”: The friendships and encounters of young people with Special Educational Needs in different school settings

This paper examines the peer-related social experiences and friendships of young people (aged 11–17) diagnosed with Special Educational Needs in four different school settings: two mainstream schools with special units and two special schools in Southeast England, UK. Findings from qualitative research involving young people with Special Educational Needs and adults, and participant observation, are presented. The young people had one or a combination of the following diagnoses of Special Educational Need: ‘Moderate Learning Difficulties’, on the ‘Autistic Spectrum’, and ‘Social, Emotional and Mental Health Difficulties’. We use the term ‘differences’ rather than ‘difficulties’ to express the interconnected socio-spatial construction of, and corporeality of, the experiences of these differences. There has been limited scholarship about the social experiences of young people with these diagnoses. In our study, young people’s experiences of friendships, exclusion, inclusion and bullying were socio-spatially shifting. Young people had varying experiences in the different school settings. In all settings, most had friends within the school, although those in special schools and units tended to have more friends within the school. However, bullying and ‘othering’ were also experienced in all three settings based on a variety of perceived ‘differences’. All young people needed opportunities for ‘encounter’ to forge friendships. Encounters are risky and can reproduce and reinforce difference as well as generating social connections and friendships. In many spaces, young people’s opportunities for encounter were constrained by the socio-spatial organisation of schools.
Multiresolution Time-Domain Analysis of Multiconductor Transmission Lines Terminated in Linear Loads

This paper derives a multiresolution time-domain (MRTD) scheme for the multiconductor transmission line (MTL) equations based on Daubechies’ scaling functions. The terminations are characterized by a state-variable formulation which allows a general description of the termination networks. For the linear load terminations, a method incorporating the terminal constraints is proposed to work out the scheme at and close to the terminations. The MRTD scheme is implemented with different basis functions for linear components including resistances, inductances, and capacitances. Numerical results show that the MRTD schemes obtain a more stable result than the conventional finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method with a coarse space step.
How Line Managers can shape Employees' Innovative Behavior through (In)formal Mechanisms and Behaviors

This thesis aims to study the interaction effect of innovative climate and line manager behavior on employees’ innovative behavior, focusing on a set of informal mechanisms and behaviors and providing an informative and explanatory overview on their interaction. After a thorough review of the literature, four informal mechanisms are found and reviewed. Line managers can create and maintain an innovative climate and hence shape employees’ innovative behavior by empowering them with a sense of ownership, enabling social interactions and networks, creating a feeling of participative safety and support for innovation. Moreover, recognition, encouragement, motivation, trust and fairness are line manager behaviors which can have a direct effect on employees’ innovative behavior, but will have a stronger influence when combined with the aforementioned mechanisms. A matrix showing the interactions between the mechanisms and behaviors is provided and can be used as a guideline by line managers when trying to shape the innovative behavior of employees. This literature review emphasizes the (sometimes underestimated) value of the line manager’s function, which is - next to mere supervision - also the potential to contribute to an organization’s strategic direction such as innovation. The line manager can create and maintain an innovative climate through formal and informal mechanisms in which employees are willing to innovate. It is argued that employees’ innovative behavior can be increased even more by combining these with specific line manager behaviors. Further research should focus on empirically testing the proposed interactions, in order to urge organizations to increase their investment into the development of their line managers if they want to shape employees’ innovative behavior.
SWAN: A Secured Watchdog for Ad Hoc Networks

Summary Due to its nature, ad hoc networks are much more vulnerable to various attacks than traditional wired networks. Many solutions have been proposed in recent researches for the security of ad hoc networks. The watchdog mechanism, based on a node supervising all its local neighbors, is one of the basic security mechanisms used by these solutions. It is able to detect both malicious attacks and selfish behaviors without significant overhead. However, it has a high storage requirement, and itself needs to be secured against spoofing attacks which may badly affect the reputation systems depending on it. In this paper, we propose a secured and efficient supervision mechanism based on the watchdog technique called SWAN. In order to avoid spoofing attacks, we combine the techniques SUCV (Statistically Unique and Cryptographically Verifiable) and TESLA (Timed Efficient Stream Loss-Tolerant Authentication) to provide a lightweight broadcast message authentication to watchdog. Moreover, we also propose an efficient storage method to reduce the storage overhead required by watchdog. Our analysis and simulations show that our approach is both lightweight and robust.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Selecting and robustifying local image descriptors

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The use of epoxy silanes on montmorillonite: an effective way to improve thermal and rheological properties of PLA/MMT nanocomposites obtained via in situ polymerization

Polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites were prepared via "in situ" ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide using a montmorillonite, Cloisite 15A, employed after surface treatment with 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The dispersion of the nanoparticles was checked using Wide Angle X-Ray Scattering (WAXS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM); both the effects of different amounts of montmorillonite and silane were measured on molecular weights and on thermal and rheological properties, using Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and rheological analyses. It was found that even very low amounts (0.1% w/w) of nanoparticles greatly affect nanocomposites properties. Unmodified montmorillonite tends to decrease molecular weights, deactivating the catalytic system used for ROP of lactide, but when epoxy silane is present molecular weights increase. Melt crystallization temperatures increase with modified nanoparticles, which enhance crystallization process. TGA analyses show that when pure montmorillonite is present, nanocomposites have lower thermal stability with respect to standard PLA; when silane is used thermal stability can get much higher than standard PLA as silane content increases. The rheological behaviour of nanocomposites shows that melt viscosity is far higher than that of standard PLA at low shear rates and also a marked shear thinning behaviour can be achieved.
Interactive comment on “Simulating the Influence of Primary Biological Aerosol Particles on Clouds by Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation” by Matthias Hummel et al

The authors would like to thank the editor for handling the review of our manuscript. We also wish to thank the reviewer for providing a constructive and timely review. REVIEWER #1: The reviewer highlighted the recent interest of the topic, together with the difficulty of the study by M. Hummel et al. of linking airborne biological particle to atmospheric processes. However, the reviewer point out that the authors have addressed the large uncertainty regarding the difficult problem.
The effect of sexual size dimorphism on mating behaviour in two dung flies with contrasting dimorphism

There is a fundamental conflict between the sexes over the frequency and duration of mating; therefore, control of the mating process is important for both. The relative size of the mates may influence who has greater behavioural control over the outcome of mating. In the yellow dung fly Scathophaga stercoraria, males are on average larger, whereas in Sepsis cynipsea, males are smaller. We manipulated larval environments to phenotypically reverse the natural sexual size dimorphism of both dung fly species and investigate the effects of sexual size dimorphism on mating behaviour. We expected that reversal of sexual size dimorphism would at least partly lead to a shift in the relative control of the outcome of mating from one sex to the other, as evident in qualitative or quantitative changes in various aspects of mating behaviour and ultimately mating success. As both species have common behaviour components, we also expected this shift to reveal more similarities between the two species, which have otherwise evolved quite different mating systems. We found little evidence for this in either species in our laboratory study. We conclude that reversal of sexual size dimorphism did not lead to a shift in control, perhaps because males and females control the mating process at different levels. Male Scathophaga stercoraria exert behavioural control because they are larger, whereas females have some internal control through cryptic choice. In Sepsis cynipsea, the larger females have behavioural control over mating, whereas males may control fertilization by internally injuring their mates. Overall, our results suggest that the mating system, and the mating conflict, are long-term, 'hard-wired' consequences of evolutionary shifts in sexual size dimorphism.
Divergent post-breeding distribution and habitat associations of fledgling and adult Black-footed Albatrosses Phoebastria nigripes in the North Pacific

Past tracking studies of marine animals have primarily targeted adults, biasing our understanding of at-sea habitat use toward older life stages. Anthropogenic threats persist throughout the at-sea ranges of all life stages and it is therefore of interest to population ecologists and managers alike to understand spatiotemporal distributions and possible niche differentiation between age-classes. In albatrosses, particularly little is known about the juvenile life stage when ! edglings depart the colonies and venture to sea with no prior experience or parental guidance. We compared the dispersal of 22 ! edgling Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes between 2006 and 2008 using satellite telemetry and 16 adults between 2008 and 2009 using geolocaters from Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, Northwest Hawaiian Islands. Following tag deployment, all ! edglings spent several days within the calm atoll waters, then travelled northward until reaching 750‐900 km from the colony. At this point, ! edgling distributions approached the productive North Paci" c Transition Zone (NPTZ). Rather than reaching the high chlorophyll a densities on the leading edge of this zone, however, ! edglings remained in areas of low productivity in the subtropical gyre. In contrast, adult albatrosses from the same breeding colony did not utilize the NPTZ at this time of year but rather ranged throughout the highly productive northern periphery of the Paci" c Ocean Basin among the shelf regions off Japan and the Aleutian Islands. The dichotomy in habitat use between ! edglings and adults from Midway Atoll results in complete spatial segregation between age-classes and suggests ontogenetic niche separation in this species. This research " lls a large knowledge gap in at-sea habitat use during a little known yet critical life stage of albatrosses, and contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of differential mortality pressure between age-classes and overall conservation status for the vulnerable Black-footed Albatross.
Regional Integration of Emerging Stock Markets in Asia: Implications for International Investors

Recent years have seen an increasing trend towards regionalism in pursuing economic goals of a country. Through this phenomenon, countries within a region are moving closer to each other at a much faster rate. Several researchers argue that strong economic ties between countries have direct implications on their stock markets and cause a greater degree of comovement among them. Such market integration is vital from the viewpoint of international portfolio investors as integrated markets get affected with innovations in other markets, thereby reducing potential diversification benefits. This article examines the extent of integration between stock markets of six prominent emerging economies in Asia, China, India, South Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia by employing Vector Autoregression (VAR) methodology. The results indicate that within the Asian region, all the emerging markets do not form a single homogeneous set even though they are largely affected by their own innovations. We find that some Asian markets are relatively isolated while others more integrated. The integration of Asian economies and therefore stock markets is still evolving, and to that effect the region still provides portfolio diversification benefits to global investors.
Effects of Land-Use Intensification on Distribution and Diversity of Fusarium Species in Machakos County, Kenya

Land-use intensification has a significant influence on occurrence of soil microorganisms. The effect of this phenomenon on Fusarium species is poorly characterized. One hundred soil samples were obtained from 3 replicated land- use types (LUT) in Mwala and Kauti irrigation regions in Machakos County. These included two intensive land-uses under irrigation and rain-fed agriculture and undisturbed lands. Mwala irrigated lands were divided into four blocks based on history of cultivation. Using soil dilution plate technique, 1,546 isolates of Fusarium were recovered and identified into twelve species namely; F . oxysporum , F. solani , F. nygamai , F. equiseti , F. chlamydosporum , F. beomiforme , F. verticillioides , F. proliferatum , F. acuminatum , F. compactum , F. semitectum , and F. merismoides . Fusarium oxysporum was the most abundant and diverse Fusarium species. Fusarium semitectum , F. compactum and F . merismoides had the least distribution being isolated from only one LUT. Fusarium beomiforme and F. acuminatum were recovered from irrigated farmlands only while F. verticillioides , F. proliferatum and F. acuminatum were restricted to disturbed lands only. The difference in abundance of Fusarium between the three LUTs was significant ( P = 0.047) with irrigated lands having the highest abundance. Mwala block A had the highest abundance, richness and diversity of Fusarium . Lands with a higher intensity of disturbance had a higher abundance and richness of Fusarium than the less undisturbed lands. This may have severe implication on crop production as most species of Fusarium isolated are pathogenic. Sustainable ways of controlling these potential crop pathogens should be sought.