Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trends in the Artisanal Fishery in Iraqi Marine Waters, Arabian Gulf (1965-2011)

The status of the marine artisanal fishery in the northwest Arabian Gulf was evaluated for the period 1965 to 2011. The data for total and species landings and fishing effort were collected from the landings site in Al-Fao port, Iraq during 2007- 2011, and compared with historical fishing information for the period 1965-2006 . Annual total landings fluctuated from 582 t in 1965 to 22901 t in 2002. The monthly trend of the total catches followed the variations in landings for river shad, Tenuolosa ilisha and mullet species. The contributions of river shad to total landings declined gradually from 90.2% (1965-1973), 52.9% (1991-1994), 41.8% (1995-1999), 30.7% (2000-2006) and 18.9% (2007-2011). The number of fishing boats decreased significantly during 2011 compared to that during the late 1990s. There are several reasons that may have contributed to the decline in marine fish landings over recent years, such as large reduction in the discharge rates of the Shatt Al-Arab River, over-fishing of key species and no regulations to protect and manage marine resources.
When non-monophyly results in taxonomic consequences - the case of Mertensiella within the Salamandridae (Amphibia: Urodela)

A dorsal tail projection is unique among the Urodela. It characterises Mertensiella caucasica and M. luschani and was “classically” seen a synapomorphy of both species. However, mitochondrial DNA sequence data has shed doubt on this view in that Salamandra appears to be the sister taxon of M. luschani, resulting in non-monophyly of Mertensiella. We present allozyme data that support the sister relationship of Mertensiella luschani and Salamandra. Since recent histological data indicate that the tail projection of M. caucasica and M. luschani may have evolved homoplastically, we consider non-monophyly of Mertensiella to be well established. Consequently, and based on levels of molecular divergence among “true” salamanders within the Salamandridae (Mertensiella, Salamandra and Chioglossa), we assign generic rank to the former Mertensiella luschani and describe a new genus, with Molge luschani STEINDACHNER, 1891, as the type species. In addition, we follow previous authors in assigning species rank to seven subspecies the of former Mertensiella luschani.
Varietal Preference of Insect Pests on Tomato Crop in District Naseerabad Balochistan Pakistan

Investigation was carried out to record insect pests and predators on tomato varieties. The data were recorded from 20 plants at daily basis from 1st week to 7th week of 2014. The result revealed that the highest population mean of Whitefly Bemisia tabaci, followed by the Jassid Amrasca bigutella bigutella, Thrip Scirtothrips dorsalis, Aphid Aphis gossipii Glover and American bollworm Helicorverpa armigera were found infesting the crop. Their overall maximum population mean on Hybird-1000 variety was from 4.45 to 3.02,2.27, 0.70 and 0.47 while, on Zatooni variety was from 5.30 to 4.28,2.47,0.70 and 0.47 Moon Star was from 5.18,3.91,2.32,0.35 and 0.38 respectively. The highest population of whitefly was recorded followed by Jassid, Thrips, Aphid and American bollworm respectively. However infestation of Whitefly was more than other insects’ pests on the Zatooni variety followed by Moon star. The variety Hybrid-1000 found more resistant to the insect pest and suggested for batter production.
TREES SIFTER 1.0: an approximate method to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor of a sample of DNA sequences

trees sifter 1.0 implements an approximate method to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of a set of DNA sequences, using population evolution modelling. In essence, the program simulates genealogies with a user-defined model of coalescence of lineages, and then compares each simulated genealogy to the genealogy inferred from the real data, through two summary statistics: (i) the number of mutations on the genealogy (Mn), and (ii) the number of different sequence types (alleles) observed (Kn). The simulated genealogies are then submitted to a rejection algorithm that keeps only those that are the most likely to have generated the observed sequence data. At the end of the process, the accepted genealogies can be used to estimate the posterior probability distribution of the TMRCA.
Ozone induces a differential accumulation of phenyalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase RNA transcripts in sensitive and resistant bean cultivars

On exposure to a realistic ozone dose, an enhanced mRNA accumulation for phenyalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.5), naringenin–chalcone synthase [malonyl–CoA:4-coumaroyl–CoA malonyltransferase (cyclising); EC 2.3. 1.74] and chalcone isomerase [flavanone lyase (decyclising); EC 5.5. 1.6] genes, whose products are involved in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid molecules, flavonoid pigments and isoflavonoid phytoalexins, was observed in primary leaves of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Pinto. This cultivar was previously known to be ozone-sensitive on the basis of the appearance of macroscopic foliar injury, but not in coeval leaves of the bean cv. Groffy, known to be ozone-resistant on the basis of the aforementioned criterion. Distinct time patterns were observed in Pinto leaves for the ozone-dependent enhanced mRNA accumulation for the aforementioned genes, which in all cases largely preceded the appearance of visible injury symptoms. These results lend support to the view of ozone as an abiotic elicitor of plant defence responses. By analogy with other case studies, it is also suggested that proneness to develop visible ozone symptoms might rest on a sequence of molecular events similar to that leading to the hypersensitive response during plant–pathogen incompatible interactions.
Study of anti-tumoral activity of HIV-Protease Inhibitor nelfinavir and identification of new nelfinavir-derivative compounds

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Protease Inhibitors (HIV-PIs) are peptidomimetic drugs used in AIDS therapy to inhibit HIV infection by blocking viral protease. The advent of these drugs has led to a reduced incidence of HIV-associated tumors, particularly Kaposi’s sarcoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and cervical cancer. Many studies have also reported an anti-proliferative non-virological action of HIV-PIs in HIV-free models leading them to be further investigated as anti-cancer drugs. In particular HIV-PIs affect several pathways involved in tumor-cell proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, invasion, inflammation, and antitumor immunity in HIV-free models. The most effective anti-cancer HIV-PIs is nelfinavir, that is in clinical trial for several tumor types, thus encouraging the study of the intracellular pathways at the basis of their anti-tumor activity. The anti-tumoral effects of nelfinavir have been related to inhibition of Akt activation, but to date the molecular mechanism at the basis of anti-cancer activity in breast cancer is poorly understood. My results suggest an anti-proliferative activity of nelfinavir in a panel of cancer cell lines. In particular, nelfinavir induces apoptosis and necrosis in breast cancer cell lines such as MDA-MB231 and MCF-7 cells by affecting cell cycle in a cell line dependent way. The anti-tumor activity of nelfinavir is linked to the perturbation of cellular redox state; resulting in an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in breast cancer cells but not in normal breast epithelial cells. Nelfinavir treated tumor cells show also a downregulation of akt pathway due to the disruption of akt-Heat Shock Protein 90 kDa (HSP90) complex that is induced by nelfinavir and subsequent degradation of akt via proteasome. These effects result to be ROS dependent. Since treatment with anti-oxidant free radical scavenger tocopherol restores akt expression levels as well as viability of nelfinavir-untrated cells, the increase of ROS production represents the main and necessary molecular mechanism to induce cell death in breast cancer cell lines. The anti-cancer effectiveness of nelfinavir has motivated its use as lead compound in this study to design novel anti-tumoral compounds. Primary screening has led to the identification of novel nelfinavir-derivative (4n) with a high anti-cancer efficacy (IC50 50nM), that is a promising molecule to further evaluate for cancer therapy.
Microarray Bioinformatics and Applications in Oncology

textabstractBioinformatics’ is one of the newest fields of biological research, and should be viewed broadly as the use of mathematical, statistical, and computational methods for the processing and analysis of biologic data [1]. Over the last decade, the rapid growth of information and technology in both ‘genomics1’ and ‘omics2’ era’s has been overwhelming for the laboratory scientists to process experimental results. Traditional gene-by-gene approaches in research are insufficient to meet the growth and demand of biological research in understanding the true biology. The massive amounts of data generated by new technologies as genomic sequencing and microarray chips make the management of data and the integration of multiple platforms of high importance; this is then followed by data analysis and interpretation to achieve biological understanding and therapeutic progress. Global views of analyzing the magnitude of information are necessary and traditional approaches to labwork have steadily been changing towards a bioinformatic era. Research is moving from being restricted to a laboratory environment to working with computers in a ‘virtual lab’ environment.
Feeding of blue marlin Makaira nigricans off Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico

We analyzed the stomach contents of 52 blue marlins caught between October 2002 and October 2004 by the sport-fishing fleet of Mazatlan, Sinaloa, in the gulf of California, Mexico. Blue marlin feed on 15 food items. According to the index of relative importance (IRI), the most important prey were the frigate or bullet mackerel Auxis spp. (52%) and jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas (30%).
A Survey of Mealybugs and Associated Natural Enemies in Vineyards in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

A survey of mealybugs and their associated natural enemies occurring in vineyards was conducted in the Western Cape Province during the 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 seasons. Planococcus ficus (Signoret) was the dominant mealybug and was found for the first time on roots of grapevines. This has far-reaching implications for the control of this important vine leafroll virus vector as control measures have been focused on above-ground control. Other mealybugs recorded on vines were Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) and Ferrisia malvastra (McDaniel). Pseudococcus viburni (Maskell) and Ps. solani Ferris were found on weeds in vineyards. The more frequently recorded natural enemies of P. ficus were species of Nephus predatory beetles and the parasitoids, Coccidoxenoides perminutus Girault, Anagyrus sp. and Leptomastix dactylopii (Howard).
A SEARCH FOR ELECTRON ANTINEUTRINOS ASSOCIATED WITH GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE EVENTS GW150914 AND GW151226 USING KAMLAND

We present a search, using KamLAND, a kiloton-scale anti-neutrino detector, for low-energy anti-neutrino events that were coincident with the gravitational-wave (GW) events GW150914 and GW151226, and the candidate event LVT151012. We find no inverse beta-decay neutrino events within ±500 s of either GW signal. This non-detection is used to constrain the electron anti-neutrino fluence and the total integrated luminosity of the astrophysical sources.
Genetic Variation of Clupeonella engrauliformis Populations Inferred from RFLP Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Region on the Southern Coast of the Caspian Sea, Iran

Analysis of the genetic structure of the Clupeonella engrauliformis, one of the bony fish species, with high commercial value, was undertaken to gain information regarding the differentiation of this species from two distinct geographical areas (Anzali and Amirabad) located at the western and eastern parts of the Southern Caspian Sea, Iran. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed on PCR amplified DNA fragments containing the D-loop region of the C. engrauliformis mitochondrial DNA. A total of 100 individuals collected from two areas were surveyed with 18 endonucleases. Six out of 18 enzymes were polymorphic yielding a total of 12 composite haplotypes. Chi-square tests showed significant results in haplotype frequencies among populations and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) tests indicated that most of the variation was due to within populations (98.8 %) with FST= 0.01172. Despite the existence of significant differentiation between haplotypes for mtDNA variation, no consistent pattern of genetic structuring was revealed and nucleotide divergence among C. engrauliformis populations was low. The results indicated that different genotypes exist in these areas, resulting in identification of genetic stocks of C. engrauliformis. Therefore, * Corresponding author. Tel. : +98 441 372 1818; Fax: +98 441 436 2728 E-mail address: amineimanifar@yahoo.com Asian Fisheries Science 22(2009): 929-941 ISSN: 0116-6514 E-ISSN: 2073-3720 https://doi.org/10.33997/j.afs. 2009.22. 3.006 Asian Fisheries Science 22(2009): 929-941 930 careful attention must be given to these matters for the effective cultivation, management and protection of C. engrauliformis stock on the Southern coast of the Caspian Sea.
EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY WITH A NEW FORMULATION OF DRY MANGIFERA INDICA AND HONEY USING SWISS ALBINO MICE

ABSTRACT Objective: A new formulation was made with dry M. indica power in combination with honey to understand the activity of wound healing on Swiss albino mice. Methods: Initially, animals were grouped into four groups, and a wound of 150 mm was created. All the groups were taken for the study, and wound contraction was studied on different days. The control group was treated with saline, Vitamin E was used as standard of the care, and other groups were treated with 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of the new formulation. Results: Wound healing started after 4 th 2 day in the standard treated group, and the other formulation treated groups also started wound contraction from 2 nd day onward, whereas control did not show any wound contraction after 2 day. However, significant wound contraction observed after treatment with 500 mg of formulation on the 10 th nd day, and this cannot be compared with the standard group on the 12 day. Even good wound contraction observed with 200 mg/kg of the formulation which is similar to that of standard treated groups. The control group showed wound contraction of about 34.72 mm 2 , whereas the standard group showed 9.58 mm and the formulation-treated groups 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg showed 15.39 mm 2 and 8.48 mm 2 . 2 Conclusion: This observation showed that a good wound contraction observed with a new formulation. Keywords: Mangifera indica, Honey, Wound healing, Wound contraction, Swiss albino mice. th
The role of MnSOD and Sirtuin 3 in thymocyte responses to radiation and lymphomagenesis

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), is a mitochondria-localized antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide anions generated in the respiratory chains, has been known to play an important role in the radioprotection, and function as a tumor suppressor gene in many types of cancer. Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is a mitochondrial NADdependent deacetylase that regulates mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, MnSOD activity, and tumorigenesis. The current study was designed to examine the role of MnSOD and Sirt3 in regulating mitochondrial metabolism and steady-state levels of O2 •in thymocyte responses to ionizing radiation (IR) and lymphomagenesis. Loss of MnSOD in thymocytes resulted in the decreased levels of viability when mice were exposed to 0.1 or 1 Gy Cs radiation. In contrast, loss of Sirt3 did not affect thymocyte radiosensitivity or radiation-induced superoxide levels when mice were exposed to a single dose of Cs radiation (0.1 or 1 Gy). Interestingly, the Sirt3 thymocytes demonstrated a compromised ability to induce an adaptive response following whole body exposure to a 0.1 Gy dose of Cs radiation when challenged 4 h later with a 1.5 Gy dose of Cs radiation. Of note, both Sirt3 and MnSOD thymocytes did not demonstrate increased T cell lymphoma in C57BL/6 mice at 15-18 months following low dose (0.1 Gy or 1 Gy) radiation exposure to low linear energy transfer (LET) Cs or high LET 300 MeV/n Silicon (67 kev/μM) irradiation. Interestingly, the loss of Sirt3 in Bax overexpressing transgenic thymocytes did cause significant alterations in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism including increased levels of superoxide, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased oxygen consumption, as well as decreased levels of MnSOD activity and decreased steady-state levels of ATP. Sirt3 was also found to be upregulated in Lck-Bax transgenic pre-malignant thymocytes, and downregulation of Sirt3 was noted in lymphomas from Lck-Bax mice. Furthermore, a significant acceleration of thymic lymphoma development was observed in Lck-Bax transgenic animals lacking Sirt3. In
Antecedents of Affective Commitment of Human Resource Management Practitioners Attending a Professional Body Convention

In this paper, affective events theory (AET) is used to develop a model that can be used by organizations to enhance propitious work conditions that will encourage human resource management (HRM) practitioners to be affectively committed to their organizations. AET states that there are certain antecedents (i.e. distributive justice, job-related well-being, and employee engagement) that positively correlate with job satisfaction. According to AET, positive emotions have a positive indirect correlation between antecedents and job satisfaction. AET states that job satisfaction positively relates to affective commitment. The research design was cross-sectional and correlational, and the sample size was (n=205). From the 300 questionnaires distributed to HRM practitioners, the response rate was 68.33%. The main finding is that respondents rated the positive emotions items below the mean, and there was a significant positive relationship between distributive justice and job satisfaction (β = 0.61; p≤ 0.001). The data showed that job satisfaction positively correlated with affective commitment (β = 0.70; p ≤ 0.001). Positive emotions only mediated the relationship between distributive justice and job satisfaction (β = 0.36; p ≤ 0.001). The study results have implications for managers’ efforts to keep HRM practitioners affectively committed, as the latter were not satisfied with their remuneration. The data created awareness that when a remuneration policy is drafted, it should take cognisance that HRM practitioners who have positive emotions will be affectively committed and stay longer in organizations.
Asymptotic Methods for Option Pricing in Finance

Dans cette these, nous etudions plusieurs problemes de mathematiques ﬁnancieres lies a la valorisation des produits derives. Par diﬀerentes approches asymptotiques, nous developpons des methodes pour calculer des approximations precises du prix de certains types d’options dans des cas ou il n’existe pas de formule explicite.Dans le premier chapitre, nous nous interessons a la valorisation des options dont le payoﬀ depend de la trajectoire du sous-jacent par methodes de Monte-Carlo, lorsque le sous-jacent est modelise par un processus aﬃne a volatilite stochastique. Nous prouvons un principe de grandes deviations trajectoriel en temps long, que nous utilisons pour calculer, en utilisant le lemme de Varadhan, un changement de mesure asymptotiquement optimal, permettant de reduire signiﬁcativement la variance de l’estimateur de Monte-Carlo des prix d’options.Le second chapitre considere la valorisation par methodes de Monte-Carlo des options dependant de plusieurs sous-jacents, telles que les options sur panier, dans le modele a volatilite stochastique de Wishart, qui generalise le modele Heston. En suivant la meme approche que dans le precedent chapitre, nous prouvons que le processus veriﬁe un principe de grandes deviations en temps long, que nous utilisons pour reduire signiﬁcativement la variance de l’estimateur de Monte-Carlo des prix d’options, a travers un changement de mesure asymptotiquement optimal. En parallele, nous utilisons le principe de grandes deviations pour caracteriser le comportement en temps long de la volatilite implicite Black-Scholes des options sur panier.Dans le troisieme chapitre, nous etudions la valorisation des options sur variance realisee, lorsque la volatilite spot est modelisee par un processus de diﬀusion a volatilite constante. Nous utilisons de recents resultats asymptotiques sur les densites des diﬀusions hypo-elliptiques pour calculer une expansion de la densite de la variance realisee, que nous integrons pour obtenir l’expansion du prix des options, puis de leur volatilite implicite Black-Scholes.Le dernier chapitre est consacre a la valorisation des derives de taux d’interet dans le modele Levy de marche Libor qui generalise le modele de marche Libor classique (log-normal) par l’ajout de sauts. En ecrivant le premier comme une perturbation du second et en utilisant la representation de Feynman-Kac, nous calculons explicitement l’expansion asymptotique du prix des derives de taux, en particulier, des caplets et des swaptions.
Effects of different levels of dried pistachio epicarp on wool characteristics of growing Afshari lambs.

Twenty four male lamb of Afshari sheep (mean live weight 35±1.21 kg, 10 month of age) were used to study the effect of different levels of dried pistachio epicarp (0, 12, 22 and 32 %) on wool characteristics. The staple length on shoulder (STS), flank (STF), back (STB) and rump (STR), true wool fiber (TW), medullated fiber (MF), kemp fiber (KF) percentage, mean wool fiber diameter (MD) and its coefficient variation (CVMD), breaking load (BL), wool tenacity (WT) and extension (E) were measured. These data were analyzed by oneway ANOVA using SAS software package. The total means of STS, STB, STF, STR, TW, MF, KF, MD, CVMD, BL, WT and E of wool were 6.06 ± 0.26, 6.60 ± 0.19, 6.23 ± 0.18 and 5.64 ± 0.18 cm, 63.74 ± 2.2, 12.36 ± 1.9 and 23.87 ± 2.1 %, 36.37 ± 0.85 mu, 46.7 ± 1.99 %, 7.06 ± 0.3 kgf, 3.2 ± 0.17 gf/tex and 33.59 ± 1.4 % respectively. Although there were no significant differences among treatments, the results showed that feeding lambs pistachio epicarp up to 32.5 percentage of total dry matter intake did not affect wool characteristics.
Adaptable Pouring: Teaching Robots Not to Spill using Fast but Approximate Fluid Simulation

: Humans manipulate ﬂuids intuitively using approximations of the underlying physical laws. In this paper, we explore a general methodology that robots may use to develop and improve strategies for overcoming manipulation tasks associated with appropriately deﬁned loss functions. We focus on the speciﬁc task of pouring a liquid from a container (pourer) to another container (receiver) while minimizing the mass of liquid that spills outside the receiver. We present a solution, based on guidance from approximate simulation, that is fast, ﬂexible and adaptable to novel containers as long as their shapes can be sensed. Our key idea is to decouple the optimization of the parameter space of the simulator from the optimization over action space for determining robot control actions. We perform the former in a training (calibration) stage and the latter during run-time (deployment). For the purpose of this paper we use pouring in both stages, even though separate actions could be chosen. We compare four different strategies for calibration and three different strategies for deployment. Our results demonstrate that fast ﬂuid simulations, even if only approximate, are effective in guiding automatic strategies for pouring liquids.