Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient IGFC Hybrid Power Systems Employing Bottoming Organic Rankine Cycles With Optional Carbon Capture

This study examines the performance of a solid oxide fuel cell- (SOFC-) based integrated gasification power plant concept at the utility scale (>100 MW). The primary system concept evaluated was a pressurized ∼150 MW SOFC hybrid power system integrated with an entrained-flow, dry-fed, oxygen-blown, slagging coal gasifier and a combined cycle in the form of a gas turbine and an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power generator. The analyzed concepts include carbon capture via oxy-combustion followed by water knockout and gas compression to pipeline-ready CO 2 sequestration conditions. The results of the study indicate that hybrid SOFC systems could achieve electric efficiencies approching 66% [lower heating value (LHV)] when operating fueled by coal-derived clean syngas and without carbon dioxide capture. The system concept integrates SOFCs with the lowpressure turbine spool of a 50 MW Pratt & Whitney FT8-3 TwinPak gas turbine set and a scaled-up, water-cooled 20 MW version of the Pratt & Whitney (P&W) PureCycle ORC product line (approximately 260 kW). It was also found that a system efficiency performance of about 48% (LHV) is obtained when the system includes entrained-flow gasifier and carbon capture using oxygen combustion. In order to integrate the P&W FT8 into the SOFC system, the high-pressure turbine spool is removed which substantially lowers the FT8 capital cost and increases the expected life of the gas turbine engine. The impact of integrating an ORC bottoming cycle was found to be significant and can add as much as 8 percentage points of efficiency to the system. For sake of comparison, the performance of a higher temperature P&W ORC power system was also investigated. Use of a steam power cycle, in lieu of an ORC, could increase net plant efficiency by another 4%, however, operating costs are potentially much lower with ORCs than steam power cycles. Additionally, the use of cathode gas recycle is strongly relevant to efficiency performance when integrating with bottoming cycles. A parameter sensitivity analysis of the system revealed that SOFC power density is strongly influenced by design cell voltage, fuel utilization, and amount of anode recycle. To maximize the power output of the modified FT8, SOFC fuel utilization should be lower than 70%. Cathode side design parameters, such as pressure drop and temperature rise were observed to only mildly affect efficiency and power density.
The Site Visualization and Closed-Loop Control for 3D Assembly Process

With the rapid development of 3D CAD technology, 3D assembly process is playing an important role in the on-site assembly. A closed-loop control method and three-dimensional site visualization technology site is presented. The methodology takes into account CAD design stage, assembly process design, site assembly and site inspection. The method includes three key technologies: the verification process technology of three-dimensional assembly process, optimization and process simulation techniques of site assembly, closed-loop control technology of assembly process quality inspection. Finally, the method and technology has applied in the actual assembly, and achieved good results.
The Effect of Center of Gravity and Anthropometrics on Human Performance in Simulated Lunar Gravity

Drawing from the experiences of the Apollo missions, it is evident that the off nominal center of gravity (CG) induced by the portable life support system (PLSS) had significant impact on the locomotion stability of the crew. This in turn is believed to have been a major contributor to the high numbers of falls and high metabolic rates experienced by the crew, and thus significantly hampered the crew s performance. With this in mind, the EVA Physiology, Systems and Performance (EPSP) group at the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) has been conducting tests to assess how spacesuit CG location impacts human performance in simulated lunar and Mars gravity. The results acquired to date show correlations between CG location and performance. However, noticeable variations in the performance data have been observed across subjects for fixed CG configurations. Consequently, it was hypothesized that this variability may be attributed to the anthropometrics of the different test subjects. It was further hypothesized that trunk-to-height ratio (THR) may be directly correlated to performance in reduced gravity; i.e. subjects with increased THR may have increased performance. To test this hypothesis, lunar and Mars gravity test data acquired over three years during NASA Neural Buoyancy Lab (NBL) tests and NASA Extreme Environment Missions Operation (NEEMO) missions were analyzed against THR, height, trunk length, and subject body mass/weight. The results of the study supported the hypothesis relating THR and performance, while the other three anthropometric parameters did not provide consistent correlations with performance. This in turn suggests that human performance in reduced gravity may be more dependent on anthropometric proportions than on body segment lengths and mass/weight.
Development of a Portable and Wireless Surface EMG

The objective of this study was to develop a portable, wireless surface EMG of a noninvasive type. The limitations of the existing system include its large size and the necessity of a wire. Therefore, this study focused on the development of a portable and wireless type of EMG. The developed EMG, which has 10 channels, is composed of an electrode for the measurement of the EMG signal, a preamplifier for initial processing, a second amplifier, an A/D converter, and a Bluetooth module for wireless communication. The communication of the developed EMG used a UART (Universal Asynchronous serial Receiver and Transmitter) and Bluetooth protocols. The rate of serial communication was set to 723kbps. This system is able to obtain 2,000 Hz in each channel. The data transfer success rate of the developed EMG is 100%.
INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION AND TEMPERATURE RISE FOR TRANSCRANIAL BRAIN ULTRASOUND HYPERTHERMIA

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the intensity distribution and the temperature responses when ultrasound beams are used for the intact brain tumor hyperthermia. A search method is developed to search for the appropriate transducer diameter and the input power level that induce a well focused high intensity region and an effective thermal dose region to enhance the goodness of the brain ultrasound hyperthermia treatments. This work employs a simplified model of a scanned ultrasound transducer power deposition (a cone with convergent/divergent shape). Multiple reflections and transmissions occurring at the interfaces are taken into consideration of calculating the intensity distribution as an ultrasound plane wave propagates through skull bone into brain tissue. The distributions of ultrasound intensity, specific absorption rate ratio, and temperature are used to determine the appropriateness of the transducer diameter and the input power level for a yielded set of tumor conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that (1) the maximum intensity ratio in the tumor region is larger than that in the bone region for all frequencies; (2) the treatments for larger tumors become more difficult to solve if the ratio of the diameter of transducer to the tumor diameter is less than 10 when one tries to use only high intensity ultrasound exposure to cause small lesions due to the cavitation effects. Results demonstrate the feasibility of inducing both a well focused high intensity region to produce local cavitation lesions and an effective thermal dose region to enhance the goodness of the intact brain ultrasound hyperthermia treatments. The results of this study can be a guideline for designing an optimal ultrasound heating system, arranging the transducers, and implementing further treatment planning for the transcranial brain tumor hyperthermia.
Rapid Response Numerical Modeling of the 2010 Pakistan Flooding

AbstractLate summer 2010 saw record flooding of the Indus River in Pakistan. In response to requests by the U.S. Army, the writers provided flood extents to aid humanitarian assistance in the affected areas. Numerical modeling provided the best way to compute the flooding in this situation, but with limited bathymetric, topographic, and inflow information, assumptions had to be made; timelines were of significantly higher importance than complete accuracy. The writers developed an adaptive hydraulics (AdH) model of the Indus River from Sukkur to the Arabian Sea covering approximately 180,000 km2 of Pakistan. Based on aerial images taken during the flood, the writers later compared the model results to the flood extents to determine the level of accuracy of the model. The AdH model results approximately reproduced the area of flooding for initial emergency operations, even with little knowledge of the area and the inflow conditions. The results of this exercise show that rapid modeling of large-scale flood.
A Computational Analysis of Flow Field in Twin-Track Subway Tunnel to Improve Air Quality

A computational model of existing Seoul subway tunnelwas analyzed in this research. The computational model was comprised of one natural ventilationshaft, two mechanical ventilationshafts, one mechanical airsupply, a twin-track tunnel, and a train. Understanding the flow pattern of the train-induced airflow in the tunnel was necessary to improve ventilation performance. The research objective wasto improve the air quality in the tunnel by investigating train-induced airflow in the twin-track subway tunnel numerically. The numerical analysis characterized the aerodynamic behavior and performance of the ventilation system by solving three-dimensional turbulent Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. ANSYS CFX software was used for the computations. The ventilation and aerodynamic characteristics in the tunnel were investigated by analyzing the mass flowrateat the exits of the ventilation mechanicalshafts. As the train passed the mechanical ventilation shafts, the amount of discharged-air in the ventilationshafts decreased rapidly. The air at the exits of the ventilation shafts was gradually recovered with time, after the train passed the ventilation shafts. The developed mechanical air-supply for discharging dusty air and supplying clean airwas investigated.The computational results showed that the developed mechanical air-supplycould improve the air quality in the tunnel.
Implementation of reconfigurable time delay digital tanlock loop

In this paper, a first order TDTL system is designed, simulated and implemented on a reconfigurable FPGA system. Initially the loop was designed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. Subsequently some novel modifications were introduced to the TDTL in order to allow an optimized reconfigurable implementation, which eases the design process and allows for dynamic parameter and design modifications. The reconfigurable TDTL was tested in real time conditions under the same operating conditions of the simulated loop. Comparison between the simulated and real time results indicate a high degree of correlation, making the loop attractive for various practical applications.
DC fault analysis of MMC based HVDC system for large offshore wind farm integration

This paper analyzes the behaviour of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) based HVDC system under DC cable fault conditions. The behaviour of the HVDC system during a permanent line-to-line fault is analyzed in details at each stage of the fault timeline. Operation of the proposed system under a specific earthing configuration i.e. converter unearthed /AC transformer secondary side and DC cable solidly earthed, is also analyzed. Simulation studies are provided to assist the analytical analysis. It is observed that both faults leads to substantial AC and DC over-current and result in DC side oscillations.
Characteristics of Electromagnetic Guided Waves for Communication in Coal Mine Tunnels

We obtain numerical results of the attenuation and phase constants of the lowest order modes in a rectangular tunnel with an axial wire for various values of physical parameters that are important in intramine communications and remote control. Besides the perturbed free modes of the empty guide, a TEM-like mode, which is highly influenced by the wire impedance and location, is identified. Also the excitation mechanisms of the modes are considered from the standpoint of point-to-point communication within a mine tunnel.
Reducing the uncertainties in the achievable vehicle performance targets through design optimization

In this paper an alternative method is proposed for defining the suspension performance targets through the use of full-vehicle modelling consisting of a ride model and a handling model. These models are derived with the use of a non-linear damper, suspension kinematic characteristics and basic vehicle dimensions. The vehicle performances can be explored using the design-of-experiments method. The non-sorting method is then employed to sort for non-dominated solutions, where these samples represent the Pareto front of the vehicle performances in ride comfort and handling. The k-means clustering method is used to classify further the solution into different unique optimum characteristics. The expectation–maximization algorithm is developed to compute the allowable variance of design parameters required to achieve the specific optimum design targets. This method can be a very useful tool in the earliest design stages where vehicle data are inadequate. This methodology potentially reduces the uncertainty in the achievable vehicle performance targets by allowing engineers to compare the optimum limit of the suspension with those of benchmark vehicles in the early suspension design and development process
Rare $B-$Decays: An Update from the ATLAS Experiment

Rare ﬂavour-changing neutral current processes are sensitive probes for physics beyond the Standard Model. The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has performed a measurement of the branching fraction of B 0 s → µ + µ − decays and a search for B 0 → µ + µ − decays with data collected in 2015 and 2016, in combination with a previous result by ATLAS on data collected in 2011 and 2012. The results are combined with recent results by the CMS and LHCb experiments. The angular decay distributions of B 0 → K ∗ 0 µ + µ − decays are measured with 20 . 3 fb − 1 of data collected in 2012. For both analyses, the expected improvement in sensitivity and precision is estimated for the High-Luminosity LHC.
Applying international standards and guidelines on corporate social responsibility: An action plan

How can a company start the process of corporate social responsibility in an international context, thereby makinge use of diverse standards and guidelines? This question immediately came to the fore emerged after the start of the programme ‘Corporate social responsibility in international context’ programme of the National Initiative for Sustainable Development (NIDO), running which runs from January 2003 – August 2005. The objective of this programme is to concretise, in cooperation with 22 Dutch companies, how companies can employ corporate put social responsibility into practice in an international context. On the basis of Based on the practical experiences gained within this NIDO programme, an action plan has been formulated on how to make use of the variety of international standards and guidelines on corporate social responsibility has been formulated. This action plan consists of two steps
Are small world networks always best for innovation?

Abstract It is becoming increasingly apparent that a firm’s communication network structure has a significant impact on its innovative capability. We know that in many cases, small world network structures in particular lead to improved innovation output. This paper is the first to test whether or not this finding is also true inside of large project-based firms We study a project team with 130 members using complex network analysis. The team’s project includes several innovations, and the knowledge sharing networks do have small world structures. However, these networks have much more hierarchical structures than those measured in other innovation networks. We conclude that identifting a small world structure is only the first necessary step in analysing such networks. We identift a hierarchical generative mechanism for these structures, which demonstrates that gaining a better understanding of the history and evolution of particular networks is a critical step in analysing them.
Optimisation of nonlinear motion cueing algorithm based on genetic algorithm

Motion cueing algorithms (MCAs) are playing a significant role in driving simulators, aiming to deliver the most accurate human sensation to the simulator drivers compared with a real vehicle driver, without exceeding the physical limitations of the simulator. This paper provides the optimisation design of an MCA for a vehicle simulator, in order to find the most suitable washout algorithm parameters, while respecting all motion platform physical limitations, and minimising human perception error between real and simulator driver. One of the main limitations of the classical washout filters is that it is attuned by the worst-case scenario tuning method. This is based on trial and error, and is effected by driving and programmers experience, making this the most significant obstacle to full motion platform utilisation. This leads to inflexibility of the structure, production of false cues and makes the resulting simulator fail to suit all circumstances. In addition, the classical method does not take minimisation of human perception error and physical constraints into account. Production of motion cues and the impact of different parameters of classical washout filters on motion cues remain inaccessible for designers for this reason. The aim of this paper is to provide an optimisation method for tuning the MCA parameters, based on nonlinear filtering and genetic algorithms. This is done by taking vestibular sensation error into account between real and simulated cases, as well as main dynamic limitations, tilt coordination and correlation coefficient. Three additional compensatory linear blocks are integrated into the MCA, to be tuned in order to modify the performance of the filters successfully. The proposed optimised MCA is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink software packages. The results generated using the proposed method show increased performance in terms of human sensation, reference shape tracking and exploiting the platform more efficiently without reaching the motion limitations.
AOPS: Automated Operating Procedures Synthesis for Chemical Batch Plants

This paper presents the concept and design of automated solution (called AOPS), which is proposed to synthesize operating procedures of chemical batch plants. The proposed solution is used to synthesize master recipe and generate the corresponding control recipe on the basis of recipe formal definition language (called RFDL). RFDL enabled smooth and systematic mapping between operating procedures and domain knowledge. Integrated user interface is designed to capture plant design model and the associated domain knowledge, and used to visualize and validate the generated control recipe as mapped to plant topology. A case study of 2-stage polymerization batch plant is used to illustrate the proposed solution.
A MULTIBODY SYSTEM APPROACH TO DRILL STRING DYNAMICS MODELING

The selection of optimal operational parameters for drilling oil and gas wells is a complex dynamic problem that depends on multiple parameters. Numerous physical and mechanical processes such as rock cutting, friction, hydraulics, and different modes of vibrations, occur during drilling, which should be accounted for in numerical models. It is widely accepted that bottom hole assembly (BHA) vibrations are the primary source of drilling equipment premature failure. Over the last 30 years, progress of computational sciences has enabled the use of numerical simulations of drillstring dynamics as a useful tool to understand and mitigate sources of harmful vibrations. The majority of these models have been based on nonlinear finite elements. There are several significant limitations with this approach, including an extremely high number of degree of freedom (DOF) required to represent geometries with 10 5 ratio of axial to lateral dimensions and also the complexity of modeling variable contacts in bifurcating systems. While it is relatively new for simulating drilling dynamics , the advantage of the proposed rigid-flexible multibody system approach has been proven for modeling complex dynamic systems in other industries. Using a rigid-flexible multibody system approach to analyze dynamic effects both in frequency and time domains, dynamic modeling of BHA and drillstring is proposed. Drillstring is simulated as a set of uniform flexible beams connected via linear viscous-elastic force elements. Each beam
Extraction of S‐parameters from time domain reflectometry and transmission measurements using rational functions

The extraction of the broad band S‐parameter response from transient reflection and transmission measurements is discussed. The proposed method uses the generalized pencil‐of‐function method, recursive deconvolution, and calibration structures to obtain a response using rational functions. A low loss printed circuit board plane and a lossy thin film plane are characterized to capture the two‐port S‐parameters. The results are compared with network analyzer measurements. The effects of the measurement parameters such as the sampling interval, time window, and number of averages are shown. The effect of time jitter on the extracted frequency response is quantified through repeated measurements. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 13: 74–85, 2003.
Incidence and Outcomes of Severe Anaphylaxis in Paediatric Patients in Atlantic Canada

Abstract Little is known about severe anaphylaxis in the pediatric population. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to describe the characteristics of children who required admission from an outpatient setting to one of two Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Atlantic Canada with a primary diagnosis of anaphylaxis. During the 10-year study period, there were 12 admissions (58% females) for a population incidence of 2.4 per 100,000 children. Both patients who died were adolescents with a witnessed anaphylaxis event, immediately recognized as such after exposure to a known allergen, with immediate access to epinephrine that was not administered until after cardiorespiratory arrest occurred. This study highlights the high mortality associated with severe anaphylaxis and the ongoing need for education surrounding the early administration of intramuscular epinephrine.
Complete set of piezoresistive coefficients of CMOS -diffusion

The piezoresistive behavior of -diffusions in monocrystalline CMOS-processed silicon is calibrated by independent measurements of the three piezoresistive -coefficients. These are obtained by subjecting integrated resistors on test chips to three distinct stress fields, (a) using a four-point bending bridge and (b) applying a pressure perpendicular to the die surface. This represents a novel method of calibrating stress sensor test chips. The experimentally induced stresses are computed by finite element analysis. Values of , , and are obtained.
Charge injection over triangular barriers in unipolar semiconductor structures

A theory of unipolar current over triangular barriers in semiconductor structures is developed. Diodes based on such barriers have been recently fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy using either variable‐gap or modulation‐doped semiconductors. In these diodes the current is due to unipolar injection of electrons. Exact analytic expression for current‐voltage characteristics is obtained. Comparison is made with recent experimental data.