Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mesoporous silver‐cobalt‐phosphate nanostructures synthesized via hydrothermal and solid‐state reaction for supercapattery devices

In this work, we are reporting binary silver cobalt phosphate for high‐performance supercapattery devices. The desired material was synthesized through two different techniques, single‐step hydrothermal and two‐step solid‐state reaction. Surface morphology, crystallinity, elemental analysis, elemental composition, and porosity of the materials have been probed through the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical potential of synthesized materials was examined in three‐electrode assembly by performing cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 1 M KOH electrolyte. From the obtained results, it was concluded that material synthesized through the hydrothermal technique has a rod‐ and sphere‐like morphologies with specific surface area of ~41328 cm2/g and a pore size of ~10.28 nm. Furthermore, the theoretical calculations were performed to confirm the electrode material's nature for storing charges, and the results reveal that the material is of battery graded nature. Finally, this material has been utilized for the assembling of a supercapattery device by coupling it with carbon nanotubes (CNT) and placing filter paper as a separator between them. The device performance had been examined with CV, GCD, EIS, and stability testing in 1 M KOH electrolyte. This device delivers a specific capacity of 178.59 C/g at the current density of 1.0 A/g along with an outstanding energy density of 40.92 Wh/kg. Besides, the device was able to deliver a high‐power density of 4125 W/kg in parallel to an energy density of 33.26 Wh/kg at the cost of 5.0 A/g current density. To investigate the cyclic life of the device, it had been tested for consecutive 3000 charge–discharge cycles to study its coulombic efficiency and specific capacity retention. The device's performance was remarkable as it retains specific capacity of about 89.21%, and the coulombic efficiency retained up to 91.10% after the stability testing. Thus, our analysis depicts that the hydrothermally synthesized silver cobalt phosphate can be utilized as a high‐energy density anode material for supercapattery devices.
Room temperature continuous-wave operation of a dual-wavelength quantum cascade laser

We report on the design and fabrication of a dual-wavelength switchable quantum cascade laser (QCL) by optimizing the design of a homogeneous active region and combining superposed distributed feedback gratings. Coaxial, single-mode emissions at two different wavelengths were achieved only through adjusting the bias voltage. Room temperature con-tinuous-wave operation with output powers of above 30 mW and 75 mW was realized for single-mode emission at 7.61 μ m and 7.06 μ m, respectively. The simplified fabrication process and easy wavelength control of our designed dual-wavelength QCL make it very attractive for developing miniature multi-species gas sensing systems.
MULTI-STATE MODELLING OF CUSTOMER CHURN

Abstract Customer churn, which insurance companies use to describe the non-renewal of existing customers, is a widespread and expensive problem in general insurance, particularly because contracts are usually short-term and are renewed periodically. Traditionally, customer churn analyses have employed models which utilise only a binary outcome (churn or not churn) in one period. However, real business relationships are multi-period, and policyholders may reside and transition between a wider range of states beyond that of the simply churn/not churn throughout this relationship. To better encapsulate the richness of policyholder behaviours through time, we propose multi-state customer churn analysis, which aims to model behaviour over a larger number of states (defined by different combinations of insurance coverage taken) and across multiple periods (thereby making use of readily available longitudinal data). Using multinomial logistic regression (MLR) with a second-order Markov assumption, we demonstrate how multi-state customer churn analysis offers deeper insights into how a policyholder’s transition history is associated with their decision making, whether that be to retain the current set of policies, churn, or add/drop a coverage. Applying this model to commercial insurance data from the Wisconsin Local Government Property Insurance Fund, we illustrate how transition probabilities between states are affected by differing sets of explanatory variables and that a multi-state analysis can potentially offer stronger predictive performance and more accurate calculations of customer lifetime value (say), compared to the traditional customer churn analysis techniques.
Computational Investigation of a NASICON-Type Solid Electrolyte Material LiGe2(PO4)3

Phosphate-based electrolyte materials are of great interest in the field of Li-ion batteries due to their rigid structural integrity. LiGe2(PO4)3 is a NASICON-type phosphate material with high thermal and electrochemical stability. Computational simulation techniques were employed to study the defects, diffusion, and dopant properties of LiGe2(PO4)3. Furthermore, the reaction energies for the formation of LiGe2(PO4)3 and the incorporation energies for the insertion of additional Li into this material were calculated. The calculations revealed that the Li Frenkel is the lowest-energy defect. The second most favorable defect is the Ge-P anti-site defect cluster. A low Li migration energy of 0.44 eV implies high Li ionic conductivity. The most favorable isovalent dopants on the Li and Ge sites are Na and Si, respectively. The formation of Li interstitials and oxygen vacancies can be facilitated through the doping of Ga on the Ge site. The doping of Ga slightly enhances the Li ionic conductivity. Li incorporation (up to four Li) is thermodynamically feasible.
The Role of Financial Inclusion on Economic Growth in Sub Saharan African (SSA) Region

Recently, financial inclusion through improved access within SSA region has increased and at a faster rate compared to other regions. By estimating panel data on 45 countries between 2004 and 2017, using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method, this study examined whether financial inclusion through improved access contributed positively on economic growth. The study examines both linear and non-linear effects of financial inclusion using three different indicators including financial inclusion index. The results reveal that, financial inclusion promotes economic growth. Our results are robust irrespective of upper middle income within SSA region. The need to design policies that widen accessibility and sustain financial inclusion is rather important, as it improves economic growth, development and reduces poverty within SSA region. Keywords: SSA region, financial inclusion, GMM, nonlinear and economic growth
The complete chloroplast genome of Rubus pacificus (Rosaceae)

Abstract The complete chloroplast genome of Rubus pacificus, a representative species of R. sect. Malachobatus subsect. Stipulosi, has been characterized by reference-based assembly using Illumina paired-end data. The complete chloroplast genome is 156,255 bp in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC) of 85,864 bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 18,849 bp, which are separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions (IR) of 25,771 bp. A total of 129 genes were predicted from the chloroplast genome, including 85 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. According to the present sampling, phylogenetic analysis reveals that R. pacificus and R. laciniatostipulatus form a strongly supported clade and R. sect. Malachobatus subsect. Stipulosi is not monophyletic.
Understanding Work Addiction in Adult Children: The Effect of Addicted Parents and Work Motivation

The aim of the study was to examine the mediating role that work motivation plays in the relationship between perceived work addiction of parents and their adult child’s work addiction. The sample was comprised of 537 participants working in different Lithuanian organizations that were selected on the basis of the convenience principle. Data were collected by means of online self-administered questionnaires. To test a mediation model, a structural equation modeling was performed. It was found that perceived work addiction of both mother and father was related to higher levels of work addiction of their adult child. The results also indicated that perceived work addiction of the father was related to increased work addiction in an adult child through higher levels of extrinsic motivation as a partial mediator. The indirect effect of perceived work addiction of the mother (via extrinsic motivation) was not significant. As was expected, the indirect relationship between work addiction in parents and their adult child via intrinsic motivation was not significant. This study demonstrates that integrating both family-related and motivational variables may provide relevant insights into the nature of and mechanisms underlying work addiction and that studies in this field deserve to be further developed in future research.
Burnout among Telecommunication Sales Managers

(1) Background: Various investigations have confirmed that burnout prevails in intensive and demanding contemporary working environments. Most of these studies have analyzed the associations between emotional exhaustion and various work factors. We studied the gap in the literature by simultaneously considering the three commonly recognized dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment) using a representative sample of telecommunication sales managers. (2) Methods: 849 survey respondents completed an anonymous questionnaire that included items representing psychosocial factors at work, lifestyle characteristics, and the Maslach Burnout inventory. The hierarchical regression analysis revealed the predictors of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. (3) Results: job demands and witnessing bullying at the workplace were the most powerful predictors of emotional exhaustion, followed by self-rated health, night work, education, and physical inactivity. Witnessing bullying at the workplace, job control, self-rated health, and physical inactivity were the strongest predictors of depersonalization. Finally, direct experiences of negative acts at the workplace, job control, social support at work, bullying exposure duration, family crises, physical inactivity, smoking and alcohol, and body mass index were the most important predictors of reduced personal accomplishments. (4) Conclusions: the present study fills a gap in the research surrounding the three dimensions of burnout. The findings not only confirm that high job demands, low job control, and low social support at work contribute to burnout but also contribute to the novel understanding that workplace bullying plays an integral role.
Evaluation of Genetic Potential of Cotton Lines against Whitefly Tolerance

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutism L.) is a primary source of natural fiber, fuel, wood, and oil worldwide and an essential raw material source for the textile industry. Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is one of the major pests distributed worldwide and has broad genetic diversity. In this research, the genetic diversity in the cotton germplasm was explored against the whitefly infestation. Broad sense heritability is a common approach used to detect the association and inheritance of the target trait. Maximum (PIC 0.96) and minimum (PIC 0.36) polymorphism was explored by the SSR primer NAU 988 and NAU 5121, respectively, with an average value of 0.73. Pair-wise genetic estimation ranged from 0.500 to 1.00. Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree, based on UPGMA (Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic), grouped the genotypes into six main clusters, i.e., A, B, C, D, E, and F. Maximum accessions fall into a single cluster showing low genetic diversity among them. The upland cotton accessions FH 326, SLH 07, FH18, and Cris 541, showed divergence from the rest of the genotypes and might have resistance against the whitefly attack. Our results also explain the utilization of the SSR markers to explore genetic diversity and its utilization in a cotton breeding program.
Identification of Cladosporium fulvum infection responsive genes in tomato through cDNA-AFLP

Abstract Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the highest-value vegetable crops worldwide, but tomato planting can be easily affected by leaf mold. Tomato leaf mold disease is caused by Cladosporium fulvum, and plants carrying the Cf genes have effective resistance to C. fulvum. To identify leaf mold resistant varieties and screen for specific cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) molecular markers, tomato plants harbouring genes Cf-5, Cf-11, Cf-19, and the moneymaker (MM) tomato line (without Cf gene) were used as plant materials. The changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and antioxidant activities of plant leaves after inoculation of C. fulvum were measured. Ethylene (ETH), abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) contents were also determined. The results revealed that the ROS levels in Cf-19 tomato were the most sensitive to C. fulvum inoculation, while in MM they were the least. The antioxidant enzymes of Cf-carrying plants exhibited different activities as compared to those of MM. In the cDNA-AFLP analysis data, the expression of ERF109, sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase), L-ascorbic acid oxidase (AAO) and Thioredoxin H2 (TRX2) were different between Cf-gene carriers and MM plants. In summary, in the process of leaf–mold interaction, the outbreak of ROS and development of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) are tightly combined with antioxidant enzymes, including thioredoxin. Tomato plants carrying the Cf-19 gene appear to have stronger C. fulvum resistance.
Polymer based flow field plates for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and the scope of additive manufacturing: A techno‐economic review

Flow field plate (FFP) is an integral polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack component that has multifunctional applications, such as facilitation of the reactant flow, transfer current from cell‐to‐cell, heat dissipation and product water removal. The conventional FFPs are made of graphite or metals, with their limitations, such as low corrosion resistance, heavyweight, high‐cost and complex manufacturability, which hinders the commercialization of PEMFCs. On the contrary, polymer composites are lightweight and low‐cost materials with good anti‐corrosion attributes. It is also evident that polymer composites are the primary choice of material in a wide range of additive manufacturing (AM) processes, given their unique attributes such as design freedom, the capability to fabricate intricate flow channel geometry and minimize material wastage. However, incorporating the AM process for FFP design involves substantial challenges and consequently the present paper performs a comprehensive review on the diverse literature limited to polymer composite FFPs developed in recent years (2011–2021) with an intention of providing a holistic insight on development of cost‐effective, high‐strength‐weight FFPs. The review also provides the prospectus of applying AM technology for fabricating polymer‐based composites for FFP applications. Finally, a holistic meta‐analysis is performed on strength and weakness of using polymer composite FFP, and the outlook is summarized.
IRIS ( International Reactor Innovative and Secure ) – Design Overview and Deployment Prospects

The International Reactor Innovative and Secure (IRIS) is an advanced, integral, lightwater cooled, pressurized reactor of medium generating capacity (1000 MWt, or about 335 MWe). It has been under development since the turn of the century by an international team— led by Westinghouse—that includes 19 organizations from 10 countries. In year 2002 it has initiated the pre-application review with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), aiming at final design approval around 2010, and deployment in next decade (about 2015), consistent with the prediction of the growing energy supply gap in both developing and developed countries. This paper describes the reactor layout (i.e., its integral design, with the steam generators, pumps, pressurizer and control rod drive mechanisms all included inside the reactor vessel, together with the core, control rods, and neutron reflector/shield) and discusses the unique “safety-by-design”TM IRIS philosophy. This approach, by eliminating accidents at the design stage, or decreasing their consequences and probabilities when outright elimination is not possible, provides a very powerful first level of defense in depth. The “safety-bydesign”TM allows a significant reduction and simplification of the passive safety systems, which not only improves its safety but simultaneously reduces the overall cost. Moreover, it supports licensing the power plant with reduced off-site emergency response requirements. The modular IRIS—with each module rated at ~335 MWe—is an ideal size for smaller energy grids as it allows introducing sequentially single modules in regions only requiring a few hundred MWs at a time. IRIS naturally can be also deployed in multiple modules in areas requiring a larger amount of power increasing with time, thus fulfilling the needs of larger, developed countries as well. The performed top-down economic analysis indicates that the cost of generated electricity is competitive with other nuclear and non-nuclear power plants. With its moderate size and short construction time, IRIS significantly reduces the financial burden and presents a viable solution for markets (or countries) with limited investment capital.
Total Ionizing Dose and Annealing Effects on Shift for p-GaN Gate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

A research of total ionizing dose and annealing effects on Schottky type p-GaN gate Al0.2Ga0. 8N/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) has been carried out. Devices with breakdown voltages of 100V/200V/650V were irradiated under Co-60 X-rays. Radiation doses reach to a total amount of 500 krad (Si) with dose rate of 50 rad(Si)/s under gate biases of ${V}_{GS}=0\text{V}$ /+3V/+5V. Negative threshold voltage shifts were observed, especially under positive gate biases. It is found out that the threshold voltage shifts are due to the accumulation of positive charges (holes) trapped in the interface of p-GaN/AlGaN. Therefore, the shift amount is proportional to the gate bias and the radiation amount, while not related to the breakdown voltage. After the total ionizing dose experiments, both high temperature and room temperature annealing processes were taken. During the annealing processes, the shifted threshold voltage recovered, and high temperature accelerated the recovery process. Experiment results indicate that the total ionizing dose effect is recoverable.
Characterization of the Plastic Scintillator Detector System Exradin W2 in a High Dose Rate Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beam

(1) Background: The Exradin W2 is a commercially available scintillator detector designed for reference and relative dosimetry in small fields. In this work, we investigated the performance of the W2 scintillator in a 10 MV flattening-filter-free photon beam and compared it to the performance of ion chambers designed for small field measurements. (2) Methods: We measured beam profiles and percent depth dose curves with each detector and investigated the linearity of each system based on dose per pulse (DPP) and pulse repetition frequency. (3) Results: We found excellent agreement between the W2 scintillator and the ion chambers for beam profiles and percent depth dose curves. Our results also showed that the two-voltage method of calculating the ion recombination correction factor was sufficient to correct for the ion recombination effect of ion chambers, even at the highest DPP. (4) Conclusions: These findings show that the W2 scintillator shows excellent agreement with ion chambers in high DPP conditions.
Search for multi-lepton events with the ZEUS detector at HERA and VCMVD: An algorithm for MVD tracking at TLT

In the first part of this thesis I report about the search for events with two or more leptons in the final states of collisions collected by the ZEUS experiment at HERA. Multi–leptons are produced at HERA mainly through the two–photon process ep → e(γγ)X → ellX. The cross section is very well predicted in the context of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, and various extensions to this model also predict production of di–leptons, therefore the search is a good test for the SM and opens a window on new physics beyond that. 121.30 pb (101.47 pb) of events recorded in the 1996–2000 running period were analysed for the multi–electron (di–muon) search. Good agreement was found between the ZEUS data and the expectation of the two–photon process. The total and various differential cross–sections were measured. In the second part of the thesis I describe the development of a high level trigger which makes use of information from the new ZEUS vertex detector by updating the ZEUS tracking package into a new program. The algorithm considers tracks that have been found in the central tracker system and propagates them into the vertex detector, collecting hits and refitting track parameters. Riassunto Nella prima parte di questa tesi riporto i risultati della ricerca di eventi con due o più leptoni nello stato finale delle collisioni raccolte dall’esperimento ZEUS ad HERA. I multi–leptoni sono prodotti ad HERA prevalentemente nel processo a due fotoni ep → e(γγ)X → ellX, la cui sezione d’urto è nota con grande precisione nel contesto del Modello Standard (SM) delle particelle elementari, inoltre varie estensioni al suddetto modello prevedono la produzione di di–leptoni, cosicché questa ricerca è un buon test per il SM e dà la possibilità di scoprire processi al di fuori di questo. 121.30 pb (101.47 pb) di eventi raccolti nella periodo di presa dati 1996– 2000 sono stati analizzati per la ricerca di multi–elettroni (di–muoni). È stato trovato un buon accordo tra i dati di ZEUS e le previsioni del processo a due fotoni. La sezione d’urto totale e varie sezioni d’urto differentiali sono state misurate. Nella seconda parte della tesi descrivo lo sviluppo di un trigger di alto livello che fa uso delle informazioni dal nuovo rivelatore di vertice di ZEUS, aggiornando la ricostruzione di tracce di ZEUS in un nuovo programma. L’algoritmo considera le traccie ricostruite nella camera di tracciamento centrale e le propaga all’interno del rivelatore di vertice, raccogliendo i punti da questo rivelati e ricalcolando i parametri della traccia.