Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Egg Predation by Phytoseiid Predatory Mites: Is There Intraguild Predation Towards Predatory Bug Eggs?

Abstract Phytoseiid predatory mites are efficient biocontrol agents of important thrips pests, such as the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Until recently, it was believed that first instars, and to a lesser extent second instars, were the most vulnerable developmental stages of thrips to be attacked by phytoseiids. However, recent evidence showed that some phytoseiids can detect and prey upon thrips eggs inserted in the leaf tissue. As phytoseiid predatory mites often co-occur with other beneficial insects, such as mirid and anthocorid predatory bugs which also insert their eggs inside leaf material, this raises the question whether phytoseiid predatory mites may also feed on predatory bug eggs. Here we first tested the potential of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, Transeius montdorensis Schicha, and Amblydromalus limonicus Garman and McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to kill eggs of F. occidentalis in leaf tissue. Secondly, we tested whether those phytoseiids were capable of killing eggs of Orius laevigatus Fieber (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur and Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), three biocontrol agents that also insert their eggs inside plant tissue. Our results showed that A. swirskii and A. limonicus could kill thrips eggs, whereas T. montdorensis could not. Furthermore, we show that the presence of phytoseiid predatory mites does not affect the hatch rate of predatory bugs that insert their eggs inside leaves.
Effectiveness of interventions for middle-aged and ageing population with neck pain: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol

Introduction Neck pain (NP) is a common musculoskeletal complaint and is increasing in prevalence. Current clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews recommended conservative, pharmacological and invasive interventions for individuals with NP. However, optimal management specifically for those who are middle-aged or older adults (≥45 years) is not available; and important considering our ageing population. Methods and analysis A systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA) will be conducted following the Cochrane guidelines. Eligibility criteria include randomised controlled/clinical trials evaluating any of acute (<3 months) or chronic (≥3 months) non-specific NP, whiplash associated disorders, cervical radiculopathy and cervicogenic headache. Any interventions and outcome measures detailed within The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains will be included. Two independent reviewers will search key databases (AMED, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PEDro and PsycINFO), grey literature, key journals and reference lists in May 2022. Two reviewers will decide eligibility and assess risk of bias (ROB) of included studies. The kappa statistic will be used to evaluate agreement between the reviewers at each stage. Data will be extracted by one reviewer and checked for accuracy by a second reviewer. Descriptive data and ROB will be summarised and tabulated. Traditional pairwise meta-analysis using random-effect model will be performed for all direct comparisons, and NMA using a frequentist random-effect model then performed based on NP classification where possible. A network of traditional pairwise meta-analysis allows comparisons of multiple interventions from both direct and indirect evidence to provide a hierarchal establishment for enhancing decision making of clinical practitioners. Ethics and dissemination Ethic approval is not required as the study is a literature review. The findings will be shared with the national and international researchers, healthcare professionals and the general public through publishing in a peer-reviewed journal and presentations at conferences. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021284618.
EVALUASI PROGRAM KREDIT KOPERASI PRIMER ANGGOTA (KKPA) PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA V

The evaluation of program Kredit Koperasi Primer Anggota (KKPA) PT Perkebunan Nusantara V (Case studies: KUD Hidup Baru in the Sungai Pagar District Kampar Kiri Hilir Subdistrict Kampar Regency) has problems such as being late on planting of the plantation, the payment credit of the first stage is unpaid on last 2011, the plantation in stage third is can not to harvest. These problems make me attract to do discuss in this research. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the program of KKPA PT Perkebunan Nusantara V (Case studies: KUD Hidup Baru in in the Sungai Pagar District – Kampar Regency). The research use theory of David Easton (1984) about the policy as a process. Based on result of this research, i can conclude that Input of program implementation has been corresponding with the demands of society and the support of government. The process of program has many problems such as first stage to second stage has been planting but it is too late, the distribution of areal first stage has been delayed, some groups of Sungai Pagar society claimed that area KKPA in second stage belogs to them, and area in third stage is often floaded. The condition area of first stage and second stage has good condition and productive, but the condition area of third stage is classified failed to harvests because the area that flooded and 75% palm plantation can not to harvest. The outcome had been accepted by member of KUD Hidup Baru, their income from selling TBS in first stage and second stage. The impact from this program in society is changes of income, using of time, and educational needs increasingof prosperity in the society and there are job opportunities in program. Keywords: Input, Process of Policy, Output, Outcome, Impact.
The brain of the tree pangolin (Manis tricuspis). VIII. The subpallial telencephalon

The current study provides a detailed architectural analysis of the subpallial telencephalon of the tree pangolin. In the tree pangolin, the subpallial telencephalon was divided into septal and striatopallidal regions. The septal region contained the septal nuclear complex, diagonal band of Broca, and the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis. The striatopallidal region comprised of the dorsal (caudate, putamen, internal and external globus pallidus) and ventral (nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, ventral pallidum, nucleus basalis, basal part of the substantia innominata, lateral stripe of the striatum, navicular nucleus, and the major island of Calleja) striatopallidal complexes. In the tree pangolin, the organization and numbers of nuclei forming these regions and complexes, their topographical relationships to each other, and the cyto‐, myelo‐, and chemoarchitecture, were found to be very similar to that observed in commonly studied mammals. Minor variations, such as less nuclear parcellation in the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, may represent species‐specific variations, or may be the result of the limited range of stains used. Given the overall similarity across mammalian species, it appears that the subpallial telencephalon of the mammalian brain is highly conserved in terms of evolutionary changes detectable with the methods used. It is also likely that the functions associated with these nuclei in other mammals can be translated directly to the tree pangolin, albeit with the understanding that the stimuli that produce activity within these regions may be specific to the life history requirements of the tree pangolin.
Health Insurance Ad Messages Targeted to English- and Spanish-Speaking Populations in a Period of Limited Federal Investment in Marketplace Outreach

Federal funding cuts to enrollment outreach and marketing of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace options in 2017 has raised questions about the adequacy of the information the public has received, especially among populations vulnerable to uninsurance. Using health insurance ads aired from January 1, 2018, through December 21, 2018, we conducted a content analysis focused on (a) the messaging differences by ad language (English vs. Spanish) and (b) the messaging appeals used by nonfederally sponsored health insurance ads in 2018. The results reveal that privately sponsored ads focused on benefit appeals (e.g., prescription drugs), while publicly sponsored ads emphasized financial assistance subsidies. Few ads, regardless of language, referenced the ACA explicitly and privately sponsored Spanish-language ads emphasized benefits (e.g., choice of doctor) over enrollment-relevant details. This study emphasizes that private-sponsored television marketing may not provide specific and actionable health insurance information to the public, especially for the Spanish-speaking populations.
Genome-wide association study and selection for field resistance to cassava root rot disease and productive traits

Cassava root rot disease is caused by a complex of soil-borne pathogens and has high economic impacts because it directly affects the tuberous roots, which are the main commercial product. This study aimed to evaluate cassava genotypes for resistance to root rot disease in a field with a previous history of high disease incidence. It also aimed to identify possible genomic regions associated with field resistance based on genome-wide association studies. A total of 148 genotypes from Embrapa Mandioca and Fruticultura were evaluated over two years, including improved materials and curated germplasms. Analysis of phenotypic data was conducted, as well as a genomic association analysis, based on the general linear model, mixed linear model, and fixed and random model circulating probability unification. The observed high disease index (ω) was directly correlated with genotype survival, affecting plant height, shoot yield, and fresh root yield. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters, which were classified according to level of root rot resistance (i.e., extremely susceptible, susceptible, moderately susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant). The 10 genotypes with the best performance in the field were selected as potential progenitors for the development of segregating progenies. Estimates of genomic kinship between these genotypes ranged from -0.183 to 0.671. The genotypes BGM-1171 and BGM-1190 showed the lowest degree of kinship with the other selected sources of resistance. The genotypes BGM-0209, BGM-0398, and BGM-0659 showed negative kinship values with most elite varieties, while BGM-0659 presented negative kinship with all landraces. A genome-wide association analysis detected five significant single nucleotide polymorphisms related to defense mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses, with putative association with fresh root yield in soil infested with root rot pathogens. These findings can be utilized to develop molecular selection for root rot resistance in cassava.
Biofabrication approaches and regulatory framework of metastatic tumor‐on‐a‐chip models for precision oncology

The complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) together with the development of the metastatic process are the main reasons for the failure of conventional anticancer treatment. In recent years, there is an increasing need to advance toward advanced in vitro models of cancer mimicking TME and simulating metastasis to understand the associated mechanisms that are still unknown, and to be able to develop personalized therapy. In this review, the commonly used alternatives and latest advances in biofabrication of tumor‐on‐chips, which allow the generation of the most sophisticated and optimized models for recapitulating the tumor process, are presented. In addition, the advances that have allowed these new models in the area of metastasis, cancer stem cells, and angiogenesis are summarized, as well as the recent integration of multiorgan‐on‐a‐chip systems to recapitulate natural metastasis and pharmacological screening against it. We also analyze, for the first time in the literature, the normative and regulatory framework in which these models could potentially be found, as well as the requirements and processes that must be fulfilled to be commercially implemented as in vitro study model. Moreover, we are focused on the possible regulatory pathways for their clinical application in precision medicine and decision making through the generation of personalized models with patient samples. In conclusion, this review highlights the synergistic combination of three‐dimensional bioprinting systems with the novel tumor/metastasis/multiorgan‐on‐a‐chip systems to generate models for both basic research and clinical applications to have devices useful for personalized oncology.
Wide-range robust wireless power transfer using heterogeneously coupled and flippable neutrals in parity-time symmetry

Recently, stationary wireless power transfer (WPT) has been widely adopted in commercial devices. However, the current WPT configuration is limited in its operational area and susceptible to operating condition changes, impeding its applications for dynamic environments. To overcome the limitations, we propose a WPT system with laterally aligned neutral elements in parity-time (PT) symmetry, which can widen the operational area with the number of neutrals N. Compared to the conventional multiple-input–single-output WPT, the dimension of system complexity is substantially reduced from R × CN to RN+1 because the neutral amplitudes are simply controlled by coupling capacitors. The operational frequency is automatically adjusted to a real eigenvalue of the PT-symmetric system to achieve high voltage gain and efficiency, making the system robust. The performance of the system calculated by the coupled-mode theory was experimentally verified with rigid and flexible types of receivers, confirming its potential in both industrial and biomedical electronics.
Challenges and opportunities when transitioning from in vivo gene replacement to in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 therapies – a spotlight on hemophilia

ABSTRACT Introduction Currently, a few in vivo gene replacement therapies are commercially available, with many in clinical development for the treatment of some inherited monogenic diseases. These disorders arise from mutations in genes encoding essential proteins with a well understood biological function. Wide adoption of gene replacement therapies requires solid safety and efficacy profiles with demonstrable long-term durability and cost-benefit advantages vs standard therapies. Areas covered This expert review outlines the challenges and opportunities in treating hemophilia, including the progression from in vivo gene therapies toward in vivo gene editing, focusing on pre-clinical and emerging clinical data for gene editing and addressing the need for sustained and durable gene expression during hepatocyte proliferation when the liver is unable to maintain steady gene expression and protein production. Expert opinion In vivo gene editing in liver tissues may be able to rescue patients younger than 18 years who are not eligible for gene replacement therapies, with hemophilia as a prime example.
PRMT1 is required for the generation of MHC-associated microglia and remyelination in the central nervous system

PRMT1 regulates MHC-associated microglia cluster during de/remyelination. Remyelination failure in multiple sclerosis leads to progressive demyelination and inflammation, resulting in neurodegeneration and clinical decline. Microglia are innate immune cells that can acquire a regenerative phenotype to promote remyelination, yet little is known about the regulators controlling the regenerative microglia activation. Herein, using a cuprizone (CPZ)-diet induced de- and remyelination mice model, we identify PRMT1 as a driver for MHC-associated microglia population required for remyelination in the central nervous system. The loss of PRMT1, but not PRMT5, in microglia resulted in impairment of the remyelination with a reduction of oligoprogenitor cell number and prolonged microgliosis and astrogliosis. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found eight distinct microglial clusters during the CPZ diet, and PRMT1 depleted microglia hindered the formation of the MHC-associated cluster, expressing MHCII and CD11c. Mechanistically, PRMT1-KO microglia displayed reduced the H3K27ac peaks at the promoter regions of the MHC- and IFN-associated genes and further suppressed gene expression during CPZ diet. Overall, our findings demonstrate that PRMT1 is a critical regulator of the MHC- and IFN-associated microglia, necessary for central nervous system remyelination.
Effects of a Liquefied Petroleum Gas Stove Intervention on Gestational Blood Pressure: Intention-to-Treat and Exposure-Response Findings From the HAPIN Trial

Background: Approximately 3 to 4 billion people worldwide are exposed to household air pollution, which has been associated with increased blood pressure (BP) in pregnant women in some studies. Methods: We recruited 3195 pregnant women in Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda and randomly assigned them to intervention or control groups. The intervention group received a gas stove and fuel during pregnancy, while the controls continued cooking with solid fuels. We measured BP and personal exposure to PM2.5, black carbon and carbon monoxide 3× during gestation. We conducted an intention-to-treat and exposure-response analysis to determine if household air pollution exposure was associated with increased gestational BP. Results: Median 24-hour PM2.5 dropped from 84 to 24 μg/m3 after the intervention; black carbon and carbon monoxide decreased similarly. Intention-to-treat analyses showed an increase in systolic BP and diastolic BP in both arms during gestation, as expected, but the increase was greater in intervention group for both systolic BP (0.69 mm Hg [0.03–1.35]; P=0.04) and diastolic BP (0.62 mm Hg [0.05–1.19]; P=0.03). The exposure-response analyses suggested that higher exposures to household air pollution were associated with moderately higher systolic BP and diastolic BP; however, none of these associations reached conventional statistical significance. Conclusions: In intention-to-treat, we found higher gestational BP in the intervention group compared with controls, contrary to expected. In exposure-response analyses, we found a slight increase in BP with higher exposure, but it was not statistically significant. Overall, an intervention with gas stoves did not markedly affect gestational BP.
Does the relationship marketing orientation of an entrepreneur support agency improve performance? Evidence from small- and medium-size enterprises in Malaysia

Entrepreneur support agencies are highly important in the development of small-and medium-size businesses of entrepreneurs. There are a number of studies on support agencies, but studies on entrepreneurial performance from the perspective of a relationship marketing orientation (RMO) between support agencies and entrepreneurs are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesized relationships between the RMO of an entrepreneur support agency and the financial and nonfinancial performances of small- and medium-size entrepreneurs (SMEs). A total of 276 valid SMEs survey responses based on purposive sampling were collected and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings indicate that trust and reciprocity are the significant factors to financial performance of SMEs. Meanwhile, trust, communication, empathy, and reciprocity indicate a significant positive relationship with nonfinancial performance of SMEs. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to provide an interesting avenue to understand the relationship between an entrepreneur support agency and entrepreneurs to work on synergistic relationship approaches in order to remain sustainable in the market. This study has also drawn specific implications for SMEs and government agencies for entrepreneur and policy planning to coordinate appropriate entrepreneurship development programs and strengthen the entrepreneurship ecosystem.
β-Amyloid and Tau Imaging in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury

Background and Objectives Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been promoted as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). There is evidence of elevated β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, the pathologic hallmarks of AD, immediately following TBI. It is not clear whether Aβ and tau remain elevated in the chronic period. To address this issue, we assessed Aβ and tau burden in long-term TBI survivors and healthy controls using PET imaging. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited individuals following a single moderate to severe TBI at least 10 years previously from an inpatient rehabilitation program. A demographically similar healthy control group was recruited from the community. PET data were acquired using 18F-NAV4694 (Aβ) and 18F-MK6240 (tau) tracers. Aβ deposition was quantified using the Centiloid scale. Tau deposition was quantified using the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in 4 regions of interest (ROIs). As a secondary measure, PET scans were also visually read as positive or negative. We examined PET data in relation to time since injury and age at injury. PET data were analyzed in a series of regression analyses. Results The sample comprised 87 individuals with TBI (71.3% male; 28.7% female; mean 57.53 years, SD 11.53) and 59 controls (59.3% male; 40.7% female; mean 60.34 years, SD 11.97). Individuals with TBI did not have significantly higher 18F-NAV4694 Centiloid values (p = 0.067) or 18F-MK6240 tau SUVRs in any ROI (p ≤ 0.001; SUVR greater for controls). Visual assessment was consistent with the quantification; individuals with TBI were not more likely than controls to have a positive Aβ (p = 0.505) or tau scan (p = 0.221). No associations were identified for Aβ or tau burden with time since injury (p = 0.057 to 0.332) or age at injury. Discussion A single moderate to severe TBI was not associated with higher burden of Aβ or tau pathologies in the chronic period relative to healthy controls. Aβ and tau burden did not show a significant increase with years since injury, and burden did not appear to be greater for those who were older at the time of injury.
Trajectories of depression and generalised anxiety symptoms over the course of cognitive behaviour therapy in primary care: an observational, retrospective cohort

Abstract Background Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has been shown to be an effective treatment for depression and anxiety. However, most research has focused on the sum scores of symptoms. Relatively little is known about how individual symptoms respond. Methods Longitudinal models were used to explore how depression and generalised anxiety symptoms behave over the course of CBT in a retrospective, observational cohort of patients from primary care settings (n = 5306). Logistic mixed models were used to examine the probability of being symptom-free across CBT appointments, using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale as measures. Results All symptoms improve across CBT treatment. The results suggest that low mood/hopelessness and guilt/worthlessness improved quickest relative to other depressive symptoms, with sleeping problems, appetite changes, and psychomotor retardation/agitation improving relatively slower. Uncontrollable worry and too much worry were the anxiety symptoms that improved fastest; irritability and restlessness improved the slowest. Conclusions This research suggests there is a benefit to examining symptoms rather than sum scores alone. Investigations of symptoms provide the potential for precision psychiatry and may explain some of the heterogeneity observed in clinical outcomes when only sum scores are considered.