Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal succession of biomass and microalgal communities in some agricultural drainage at Minia governorate, Egypt

The microalgal communities and related physico-chemical properties of some agricultural drainage at Minia, Egypt as well as, the qualitative and quantitative algal composition were seasonally studied. In total, 151 algal species were identified during the study. Bacillariophyceae was the most dominant algal group during the four seasons, followed by Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Charophyceae and Dinophyceae. Among Bacillariophyceae, Cyclotella striata was the most abundant species, Scenedesmus quadricauda from Chlorophyceae, Oscillatoria limosa from Cyanophyceae, Euglena proxima from Euglenophyceae, Staurastrum sp. from Charophyceae and Peridinium lomnicki from Dinophyceae. The maximum algal biomass was recorded at site 1 in autumn (827.7µg/L); and the minimum value was recorded at site 4 in winter (26.7µg/L). Seven diversity indices were obtained that comprise Margalef's Index, Shannon-Wiener Diversity, Pielou’s Evenness, Fisher’s Index, Simpson Dominance Index, Simpson's Diversity Index and Berger-Parker Index. Water temperature, total alkalinity, chloride and phosphate were the most effective parameters affecting structure of microalgae during the different seasons.
Chemical Modification of Poplar Wood with Benzophenone Tetracarboxylic Di Methacrylates

Calismanin amaci: Bu calismanin amaci, odun modifikasyon isleminde benzophenone tetracarboxylic di methacrylates maddesinin kullanimi ve kavak odununda meydana getirdigi degisimlerin incelenmesidir. Materyal ve yontem: Kavak agaci (Populus euramericana), 3,3,4,4-benzofenon tetrakarboksilik dianhidrit hidroksi etil (veya glisidil) metakrilat esterleri ile emprenye edilmistir. Sivi esterler, BTDA'nin hidroksi etil (veya glisidil) metakrilat ile reaksiyonu sonucu elde edilmistir. Wood-BTD-H (ve BTD-G) etkilesimi, Fourier donusumu kizilotesi (FT-IR) spektroskopisindeki karakteristik sinyallerle incelendi. Modifiye edilmis ahsabin mantar testi ve fiziksel ozellikleri incelenmistir. Sonuclar: BDTA-H ornekleri, BDTA-G orneklerinden daha az renk degisikligi gostermistir. Curume testinden once, mini blok numuneleri Avrupa Standardizasyon Komitesi (EN 84, 1997) standardina gore yikanma islemine tabi tutulmustur. Daha sonra kontrol ve modifiye edilmis numuneler beyaz curukluk mantarina (Trametes versicolor) maruz birakilmistir. BTD-G ile modifikasyon islemi uygulanmis orneklerde yuksek oranda curukluk direnci (% 68-72) saglanmistir. Onemli vurgular: Kimyasal maddenin polimerizasyonunda yuksek sicaklik va basinca ihtiyac duyulmadan sadece gunes isinlarindan yararlanilmistir.
Generative design of conformal cubic periodic cellular structures using a surrogate model-based optimisation scheme

Cellular structures (CSs) exhibit unique combinations of physical properties, including low weight, high structural strength, and substantial energy absorption, which could be useful in a variety of applications. Further, with the advent of additive manufacturing (AM), CSs are now easier to fabricate. While CSs and AM open up transformative opportunities, their potential for everyday use in industrial practice still lies largely idle. One of the major reasons is the lack of computational tools that allow us to automatically explore, verify, and optimise CSs and skin elements to create an optimised component that meets the exact specification. In this paper, we outline a periodic CS-based generative design pipeline that offers automated modelling, analysis, and inverse design solving of CS through the use of an integrated optimisation and finite-element analysis (FEA) framework. Specifically, a surrogate model-based optimisation scheme is proposed to design light-weight and high-strength functional parts by taking advantage of spatially varying conformal cubic periodic cellular structures.
Analysis of Swine Leukocyte Antigen Peptide Binding Profiles and the Identification of T cell Epitopes by Tetramer Staining

In all vertebrate animals, CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are controlled by major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. These are highly polymorphic peptide receptors selecting and presenting endogenously derived epitopes to circulating CTLs. The polymorphism of the MHC effectively individualizes the immune response of each member of the species. We have recently developed efficient methods to generate recombinant human MHC-I (also known as human leukocyte antigen class I, HLA-I) molecules, accompanying peptide-binding assays and predictors, and HLA tetramers for specific CTL staining and manipulation. This has enabled a complete mapping of all HLA-I specificities (“the Human MHC Project”). Here, we demonstrate that these approaches can be applied to other species. We systematically transferred domains of the frequently expressed swine MHC-I molecule, SLA-1*0401, onto a HLA-I molecule (HLA-A*11:01), thereby generating recombinant human/swine chimeric MHC-I molecules as well as the intact SLA-1*0401 molecule. Biochemical peptide-binding assays and positional scanning combinatorial peptide libraries were used to analyze the peptidebinding motifs of these molecules. A pan-specific predictor of peptide–MHC-I binding, NetMHCpan, which was originally developed to cover the binding specificities of all known HLA-I molecules, was successfully used to predict the specificities of the SLA-1*0401 molecule as well as the porcine/human chimeric MHC-I molecules. These data indicate that it is possible to extend the biochemical and bioinformatics tools of the Human MHC Project to other vertebrate species.
Solution based zinc tin oxide TFTs: the dual role of the organic solvent

Chemical solution deposition is a low cost, scalable and high performance technique to obtain metal oxide thin films. Recently, solution combustion synthesis has been introduced as a chemical route to reduce the processing temperature. This synthesis method takes advantage of the chemistry of the precursors as a source of energy for localized heating. According to the combustion chemistry some organic solvents can have a dual role in the reaction, acting both as solvent and fuel. In this work, we studied the role of 2-methoxyethanol in solution based synthesis of ZTO thin films and its influence on the performance of ZTO TFTs. The thermal behaviour of ZTO precursor solutions confirmed that 2-methoxyethanol acts simultaneously as a solvent and fuel, replacing the fuel function of urea. The electrical characterization of the solution based ZTO TFTs showed a slightly better performance and lower variability under positive gate bias stress when urea was not used as fuel, confirming that the excess fuel contributes negatively to the device operation and stability. Solution based ZTO TFTs demonstrated a low hysteresis (ΔV = −0.3 V) and a saturation mobility of 4–5 cm2 V−1 s−1.
MONETARY POLICY RULES IN MALAYSIA, SINGAPORE AND THAILAND

This paper investigates whether monetary policies in Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore are best represented by either the Taylor rule or the augmented Taylor rule. It finds that the augmented Taylor rule, which incorporates the exchange rate and government spending, best represents monetary policies in these countries. The results show that past inflation and the output gap play a role in the monetary policy reaction function in Malaysia and Thailand. The results further show a strong preference towards interest rate smoothing, government spending, and the exchange rate by the central banks.
THE URGENCY OF FIQH SIYASAH IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION LEARNING AT MADRASAS AND SCHOOLS

This study aims to explain some material descriptions of fiqh siyasah covering four things, namely an explanation of the theory of fiqh siyasah in madrasas and schools, factors of fiqh siyasah, the urgency of fiqh siyasah in madrasas and schools and implementation of fiqh siyasah in madras and schools. Therefore, this study explores the theory of fiqh siyasah in madras and schools. The author describes the concept of fiqh siyasah in science, which discusses matters for the affairs of the State. The people of various forms of regulations, laws, and policies. That have been made by leaders who agree with or are in line with the basic teachings of the Sharia in order to realize the benefit of the people. In its implementation, the concept of fiqh can be seen in madrasas so that a comprehensive level of inculcating these fiqh values can be achieved. Therefore, this is very important to be taught to average students. If at the previous school level, students were only required to be able to understand the existing doctrines in fiqh. According to one or more schools, then in this madrasas an understanding of a difference of opinion or view in the prediction of fiqh learning is given. In addition, students must also be able to implement the science of fiqh. In everyday life so that, this becomes a form so that the goals of Islamic education are achieved.
Performance Analysis Of Wiener Filter With Different Window Functions In Detecting Broken Rotor Fault In 3 Phase Induction Motor

Premature fault detection in induction motor has become popular due to its unavoidable relation with industries' financial and production aspects. Among the various faults endured, broken rotor bar (BRB) faults frequently occur in cage rotor type motors. These faults are difficult to identify in the current signature due to its spectral nearness. Therefore, many recent authors have concentrated on detecting these faults with no delay time and less complexity. Selection of proper filter with suitable window function is very crucial to achieve this and to elevate the series of sideband frequencies in the current spectrum. In this paper, the detection of BRB fault using Wiener filter (WF) with various window functions is presented. Performance of WF with these window functions is compared with classical WF using recorded signals of BRB fault from 1.5kW induction motor under different load conditions.
Identification of Saponin and Sapogenin in Root, Leaf and Stem of Ginseng by Thin Layer Chromatography

Saponins of ginseng root, leaf and stem were identified by TLC. Eleven unknown spots were detected in ginseng leaf and ten unknown spots in ginseng stem on TLC besides seven ginsenosides such as which are contained in ginseng root. were identified on TLC from mild hydrolysates with 50% acetic acid of total saponins from ginseng root, leaf and stem. Meanwhile, panaxadiol, panaxatriol and oleanolic acid were identified from hydrolysates with 7% ethanolic sulfuric acid of total saponin of ginseng root, while panaxadiol and panaxatriol from those of total saponins of ginseng leaf and stem.
Dislocation Induced FCC Twins at the HCP/FCC Interfaces in a Deformed Ti-5Al Alloy: Experiments and Simulations

This paper proposes a new formation route for the face-centered cubic (FCC) twins at the hexagonal close-packed (HCP)/FCC interface in a deformed Ti-5at. %Al alloy. From the experimental results, an FCC band that orients in a prismatic-type (P-type) relationship with the HCP matrix is surrounded by a group of FCC lamellae that align in parallel and orient in a basal-type (B-type) orientation relationship within the HCP matrix. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveals a local { } twinning relation between the FCC band and the FCC lamellae at their contacting boundaries. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicate that basal stacking faults (BSFs), which later evolve into the FCC lamella in a B-type OR with the HCP matrix, initiate from the misfit regions at the relaxed P-type HCP/FCC interfaces, which then provide the nucleation source for a full dislocation that continues to slip in the initial FCC grain. Repeating these two processes produce the { } twinning relation between the new-forming FCC lamella and the initial FCC grain. The lattice correspondence analysis further interprets the formation route for the { } twins proposed in the present study from the aspect of crystal geometry.
Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Elemental Fluxes in the Soil and Exchanges with the Atmosphere in Australian Tropical, Temperate, and Arid Wetlands

Australian ecosystems, particularly wetlands, are facing new and extreme threats due to climate change, land use, and other human interventions. However, more fundamental knowledge is required to understand how nutrient turnover in wetlands is affected. In this study, we deployed a mechanistic biogeochemical model of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) cycles at 0.25∘× 0.25∘ spatial resolution across wetlands in Australia. Our modeling was used to assess nutrient inputs to soil, elemental nutrient fluxes across the soil organic and mineral pools, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in different climatic areas. In the decade 2008–2017, we estimated an average annual emission of 5.12 Tg-CH4, 90.89 Tg-CO2, and 2.34 × 10−2 Tg-N2O. Temperate wetlands in Australia have three times more N2O emissions than tropical wetlands as a result of fertilization, despite similar total area extension. Tasmania wetlands have the highest areal GHG emission rates. C fluxes in soil depend strongly on hydroclimatic factors; they are mainly controlled by anaerobic respiration in temperate and tropical regions and by aerobic respiration in arid regions. In contrast, N and S fluxes are mostly governed by plant uptake regardless of the region and season. The new knowledge from this study may help design conservation and adaptation plans to climate change and better protect the Australian wetland ecosystem.
CRISPR-Cas in Escherichia coli: regulation by H-NS, LeuO and temperature

CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems are present in many bacteria and archaea and provide protection against invading DNA such as phages and plasmids. These systems are very versatile and complex in their gene composition and genomic architecture. CRISPR-Cas systems are classified into 2 classes, 6 types and 33 subtypes although this number is not definitive and the research is ongoing. All CRISPR-Cas systems have been thoroughly investigated in order to better understand the mechanism of CRISPR immunity enabling its use as a tool in genome editing and other biotechnological applications. However, regulation of the CRISPR-Cas system is also very complex and still not fully understood; it must provide optimal protection without introducing harmful consequences to the host. In this review, we give an overview on the regulation of the CRISPR-Cas system Class 1 Type I-E in Escherichia coli with the emphasis on the role of temperature in the regulation of the CRISPR-Cas activity and the interplay of the key regulators H-NS and StpA repressors and LeuO antirepressor in regulation of cas gene expression and HtpG chaperone in maintaining functional levels of Cas3.
Proposal for Cognitive Behavior Process of Trustworthy Behavior Model in Corporate Integration

Japanese companies have begun integrating their businesses to reduce costs and increase competitiveness. In the previous study, we organized various studies on organizational Conflict, Trust, and Trustworthy behavior; clarified the results of their studies; and proposed a trustworthy behavior model that solves the issue of corporate integration by organizing and integrating the previous studies. The Trustworthy behavior model seems to be closely related to actual corporate integrations. This study shows the process of recognizing Conflict from the perspective of trustor party and trustee party and cultivating Trust by extracting three processes from the trustworthy behavior model. Furthermore, this study proposes three hierarchy structures and performs subjective verification, indicating the potential for practical use in corporate integrations. This study shows that the trustor party and the trustee party in corporate integrations use three processes to indicate how to perceive Conflict, address Conflict, perceive Trustworthiness, perceive Trustworthy behavior, and cultivate Trust.
A Flow Analysis of Small Craft by Using CFD

The small craft including jet-board for leisure are commonly smaller than the general commercial vessels. For the floating vessel, the motion analysis is significantly important component to design the shape. It is, however, hardly predicting its behavior by using conventional boundary element method due to violating small amplitude assumption for potential theory. The computational fluid dynamics method can afford to simulate such small craft, but its grid system was not able to calculate motion, because movable body disturbs the grid system by confliction. The dynamics fluid body interaction model with over-set mesh system can be dealt with movable floating body under irregular ocean wave. In this study, several cases were considered to reveal that DFBI is essential method to predict floating body motion. The single phase simulate was conducted to establish the shape perfection, and then the validated vessel was simulated with ocean waves weather DFBI option on or off. Through the comparison, the results between the cases of DFBI on and off shows significantly difference. It was claimed that the DFBI was necessary not only to calculation body motion, but also to predict accurate drag and lift force on the floating body for small size craft.
Comparative Study of Bioactive Compounds in Different Varieties of Pears in Nepal

This study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical parameters, perform qualitative tests (for sugars and phytochemicals), and quantitative tests (phenolics, antioxidants, anthocyanins, tannins, vitamin C) of six different varieties of pears i.e. Bartlette, Chinese pears, Chojuro, Kosui, Pharping local, and Yakumo. The juices extracted from respective pears were used for the analysis. The phenols were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, antioxidants by the DPPH scavenging activity, and anthocyanins by a SO2 bleaching technique. The Pharping local pears were found to have the highest anthocyanins (85.95±0.1 mg/l), total phenolic content (600±0.01 mg GAE/l), antioxidants (IC50 value 250±0.00 mg of phenol/l) and vitamin C content (12.2±0.01 mg/100 ml) and tannins were observed to be highest in Yakumo pears (0.93±0.01 g/l). Likewise, the highest clarity i.e. 1.960±0.00 was observed in Bartlette pears and the highest acidity (2.01±0.01%) in Chojuro pears. Various sugar/carbohydrate tests like Molisch’s test, Benedict’s test, Barfoed test, Bial’s test, Seliwanoff test, Fehling’s test and Iodine test were performed for the pear varieties. All the pears gave positive results for all the sugar tests except Iodine test. The positive results for sugar/carbohydrate signifies the presence of various sugars that help for the better taste, texture, and aroma of pear. The pear varieties showed the presence of phytochemicals like flavonoids, terpenoids, catechins, cyclic glycosides, and proteins. The phytochemicals are responsible for fruit preservation and act as anti-carcinogenic components. Among the varieties of pears, Pharping local pears were observed to be most nutritional because of high antioxidants, phenols, anthocyanins, and vitamin C.
Lead-tellurium oxysalts from Otto Mountain near Baker, California: XI. Eckhardite, (Ca,Pb)Cu2+Te6+O5(H2O), a new mineral with HCP stair-step layers

Abstract Eckhardite, (Ca,Pb)Cu2+Te6+O5(H2O), is a new tellurate mineral from Otto Mountain near Baker, California, U.S.A. It occurs in vugs in quartz in association with Br-rich chlorargyrite, gold, housleyite, khinite, markcooperite, and ottoite. It is interpreted as having formed from the partial oxidation of primary sulfides and tellurides during or following brecciation of quartz veins. Eckhardite is monoclinic, space group P21/n, with unit-cell dimensions a = 8.1606(8), b = 5.3076(6), c = 11.4412(15) Å, β = 101.549(7)°, V = 485.52(10) Å3, and Z = 4. It forms as needles or blades up to about 150 × 15 × 5 mm in size, typically in radial or sub-radial aggregates, but also as isolated needles. The color is light bluish green and the streak is very pale bluish green. Crystals are transparent with vitreous to subadamantine luster. The Mohs hardness is estimated at between 2 and 3. Eckhardite is brittle with an irregular fracture and one likely (but not observed) cleavage on {101}. The calculated density based on the empirical formula is 4.644 g/cm3. The mineral is biaxial (-), with indices of refraction of α = 1. 770 (calc), β = 1.860 (calc), and γ = 1.895(5). The measured 2V is 61.2(5)°, dispersion is r < v, perceptible and the optical orientation is Z = b; X ≈ [101]. The pleochroism is: Z (light blue green) < Y (very pale blue green) < X (colorless). The normalized electron microprobe analyses (average of 4) provided: PbO 4.79, CaO 15.90, MgO 0.06, CuO 22.74, Fe2O3 0.06, TeO3 51.01, H2O 5.45 (structure), total 100 wt%. The empirical formula (based on 6 O apfu) is: Ca0.962Pb0. 073Cu2+0.971Mg0. 005Fe3+0.002Te6+0.986 O6H2.052. The Raman spectrum exhibits prominent features consistent with the mineral being a tellurate, as well as an OH stretching feature confirming a hydrous component. The eight strongest powder X‑ray diffraction lines are [dobs in Å (hkl) I]: 5.94 (101) 100, 3.287 (112) 80, 2.645 (020,2̅13) 89, 2.485 (1̅14,301,014) 48, 2.245 (114,122) 46, 1.809 (223,4̅13,321,4̅04) 40, 1.522 (413,5̅12,421,133) 42, and 1.53 (2̅17,2̅33,4̅06) 43. The crystal structure of eckhardite (R1 = 0.046 for 586 reflections with Fo > 4σF) consists of stair-step-like octahedral layers of Te6+O6 and Cu2+O6 octahedra parallel to {101}, which are linked in the [101̅] direction by bonds to interlayer Ca atoms. The structure can be described as a stacking of stepped HCP layers alternating with chains of CaO7 polyhedra. The structures of bairdite, timroseite, and paratimroseite also contain stair-step-like HCP polyhedral layers.
Clustering Performance Analysis of Autoencoder with Skip Connection

In addition to the research on noise removal and super-resolution using the data restoration (Output result) function of Autoencoder, research on the performance improvement of clustering using the dimension reduction function of autoencoder are actively being conducted. The clustering function and data restoration function using Autoencoder have common points that both improve performance through the same learning. Based on these characteristics, this study conducted an experiment to see if the autoencoder model designed to have excellent data recovery performance is superior in clustering performance. Skip connection technique was used to design autoencoder with excellent data recovery performance. The output result performance and clustering performance of both autoencoder model with Skip connection and model without Skip connection were shown as graph and visual extract. The output result performance was increased, but the clustering performance was decreased. This result indicates that the neural network models such as autoencoders are not sure that each layer has learned the characteristics of the data well if the output result is good. Lastly, the performance degradation of clustering was compensated by using both latent code and skip connection. This study is a prior study to solve the Hanja Unicode problem by clustering.