Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Salah Gas Project, Algeria - Part 2: Detailed Terrain Evaluation for Site Design

This chapter on terrain evaluation for desert pipeline routing is from the proceedings of an international conference on the terrain and geohazard challenges facing onshore oil and gas pipelines (June 2004, London, United Kingdom). The authors use the In Salah gas project, in Algeria, as a case study to describe the planning and cost-estimation process. In this second of two articles on the In Salah terrain evaluation, the authors offer a detailed description of the terrain evaluation, geotechnical and geological work carried out during the front end engineering design (FEED) for civil engineering construction at the three gas fields, including the five days of terrain evaluation field work. Their paper also documents the project's geotechnical construction experience, offering a rare glimpse at the details of construction issues encountered, including geohazards and facility siting, excavations and bedrock, foundations, sources for aggregates and fill materials, and the construction and maintenance of roads and runways.
Staumeldungen und Routenwahl in Autobahnnetzen - Teil 1: Analyse von Staumeldungen / Traffic channel messages and route choice in motorway networks - Part 1: Analyses of traffic channel messages

Die Wiedererkennung von Fahrzeugen auf Autobahnen mithilfe von Kennzeichenerfassungsgeraeten ermoeglicht eine Vielzahl von Analysen, die mit herkoemmlichen stationaeren Datenerfassungen nur bedingt oder gar nicht moeglich sind. Basis fuer die hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen sind fast 10.000 Fahrzeuge des Durchgangsverkehrs im Autobahnviereck Baden-Wuerttemberg. Eine Qualitaetsanalyse der Staumeldungen in diesem Teil des Beitrags praesentiert zu erwartende Verzoegerungen durch gemeldeten Stau und leitet daraus Staugeschwindigkeiten ab. In einem 2. Teil (ITRD-Nummer D363673) wird die Reaktion der Verkehrsteilnehmer auf die Verkehrsmeldungen mithilfe von Korrelationsanalysen und Maximum-Likelihood-Schaetzungen nachgewiesen und quantifiziert. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The recognition of vehicles on motorways with Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) systems allows for numerous analyses which are not at all or only to a limited extent possible with conventional stationary detectors. This paper describes analyses which are based on roughly 10,000 through-traffic vehicles on the motorway network in Baden-Wuerttemberg. This part of the report is a quality analysis of traffic channel messages which determines average delays caused by announced traffic congestions and derives the average congestion speed. In a second part (ITRD number D363673), the reaction of drivers to the traffic channel messages is proven and quantified with analyses of correlation and maximum likelihood estimates. (A)
UCPRC Life Cycle Assessment Methodology and Initial Case Studies for Energy Consumption and GHG Emissions for Pavement Preservation Treatments with Different Rolling Resistance

This report describes a pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) model developed to initially evaluate total energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) strategies. This LCA model allows analysis of the energy consumption and GHG emissions associated with material production, construction, and vehicle operation during pavement use, which includes the effects of pavement roughness and texture on vehicle operation. The model was used to evaluate four case studies of Caltrans (California Department of Transportation) pavement preservation treatments for both asphalt and concrete surfaces with different roughness and texture and traffic levels. For highways with high traffic volumes, results of the case studies show that the energy and GHG savings accrued during the Use Phase (due to reduced roughness and macrotexture change) can be significantly larger than the energy use and GHG emissions from material production and construction. The extent of the benefit was dependent on constructed smoothness with a much smaller benefit from change of texture. These savings can be larger than those from other strategies meant to reduce highway transportation energy use and emissions. For low traffic volume highways, the smoothness obtained by the contractor and the materials used determine whether the net effect on GHG emissions and energy use is positive or negative.
EFFECTIVENESS OF BREAKING AND SEATING OF REINFORCED PCC PAVEMENTS BEFORE OVERLAY. FINAL REPORT

Four sections, each a mile long, were broken and seated (B/S) prior to constructing an asphaltic concrete (AC) surface layer. Five control sections were constructed, adjacent to the B/S sections. The test sections were all Jointed Reinforced Concrete Pavements and carried a large amount of traffic. The original pavements selected in this study were fairly uniform with respect to their structural and surface conditions. The thickness of the concrete layer [22.5 cm (9 in.)] was the same throughout and the subbase and subgrade exhibited very little variation. The AC overlay thickness was the same for the B/S and the control sections [16.5 cm (6.5 in.) in one area and 21.6 cm (8.5 in.) in the other area]. Two types of pavement breakers were used in this study, namely guillotine and pile hammer. The goal was to break the slabs into segments of 0.45 m x 0.45 m (18 in. x 18 in.). The extent of breaking was closely monitored. The performance of the test sections was monitored for a period of about two years. Performance evaluation was made based on (i) structural response and (ii) reflection cracking. The results of this study confirm the previous findings regarding (i) the effectiveness of breaking and seating in delaying reflection cracks, and (ii) reduction in structural capacity, increase of surface deflection and loss of flexural strength. It is observed that type of breaking equipment and extent of breaking are the most important factors that govern the early behavior of B/S sections.
Electrochemical Supercapacitors: Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications

1. Introduction and Historical Perspective. 2. Similarities and Differences between Supercapacitors and Batteries for Electrical Energy Storage. 3. Energetics and Elements of Kinetics of Electrode Processes. 4. Elements of Electrostatics Involved in Treatment of Double-Layers and Ions at Capacitors Electrode Interfaces. 5. Behavior of Dielectrics in Capacitors and Theories of Dielectric Polarization. 6. The Double-Layer at Capacitor Electrode Interfaces: Its Structure and Capacitance. 7. Theoretical Treatment and Modeling of the Double-Layer at Electrode Interfaces. 8. Behavior of the Double-Layer in Non-Aqueous Electrolytes and Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Capacitors. 9. The Double-Layer and Surface Functionalities at Carbon. 10. Electrochemical Capacitors Based on Pseudocapacitance. 11. The Electrochemical Behavior of Ruthenium Oxide (RuO2) as a Material for Electrochemical Capacitors. 12. Capacitance Behavior of Films Conducting, Electrochemically Reactive Polymers. 13. The Electrolyte Factor in Supercapacitor Design and Performance: Conductivity, Ion-Pairing and Solvation. 14. Electrochemical Behavior at Porous Electrodes Applications to Capacitors. 15. Energy-Density and Power-Density of Electrical Energy Storage Devices. 16. AC Impedance Behavior of Electrochemical Capacitors and Other Electrochemical Systems. 17. Treatments of Impedance Behavior of Various Circuits and Modeling of Double-Layer Capacitor Frequency Response. 18. Self-Discharge of Electrochemical Capacitors in Relation to that of at Batteries. 19. Technology Development. 20. Patent Survey.
A theory of post-stall transients in multistage axial compression systems

A theory is presented for post stall transients in multistage axial compressors. The theory leads to a set of coupled first-order ordinary differential equations capable of describing the growth and possible decay of a rotating-stall cell during a compressor mass-flow transient. These changing flow features are shown to have a significant effect on the instantaneous compressor pumping characteristic during unsteady operation, and henace on the overall system behavior. It is also found from the theory that the ultimate mode of system response, stable rotating stall or surge, depends not only on the B parameter but also on other parameters, such as the compressor length-to-diameter ratio. Small values of this latter quantity tend to favor the occurrence of surge, as do large values of B. A limited parametric study is carried out to show the impact of the different system features on transient behavior. Based on analytical and numerical results, several specific topics are suggested for future research on post-stall transients.
Assessing the impact of medication management review service for females diagnosed with depression and anxiety: A randomized control trial.

Rationale, aims, and objectives Depression and anxiety are common mental illnesses suffered by females worldwide. Females face treatment-related problems (TRPs), including lack of adherence to their treatment. The Medication Management Review service (MMR) can be effective in identifying and resolving the TRPs. This study sought to assess the impact of the MMR service on identifying and resolving TRPs, improving adherence, depression, and anxiety scores in females diagnosed with depression and anxiety in Jordan. Design and settings Participants were recruited into this single-blind parallel randomized controlled trial and randomized into active and control groups. A clinical pharmacist identified TRPs for all participants. Adherence, depression, and anxiety scores were assessed. Active group patients received the MMR service: pharmacist-delivered counseling and a letter with recommended changes in the patient's treatment plan were sent to the patient's psychiatrist to be applied. Control group participants did not receive the intervention. Follow-up assessments were completed for all patients at 3 months from baseline. Main outcome measures were TRPs, adherence, depression, and anxiety scores. RESULTS: Study participants (n = 73; mean age = 41.8 [SD = 16.27]) had 177 TRPs identified, with 2.42(SD = 1.06) TRPs per patient. At baseline, only 54.8% of the participants reported to be adherent to their treatment, and no significant differences were found between the groups. At follow-up, a significant decline in the number of TRPs was found for the active versus control group (active: 0.58[SD = 0.64], control: 1.78[SD = 1.13], P < .001). A significantly higher proportion of adherent patients was identified in the active (88.9%) versus control group (51.4%), P < . 001. Significant improvements in the depression (P < .001) and anxiety (P = .003) scores were detected for the active versus control group. CONCLUSION: The MMR service led to a significant decrease in the number of TRPs, improved adherence, depression, and anxiety scores for females diagnosed with depression and anxiety.
Small Scale Bayesian VAR Modeling of the Japanese Macro Economy Using the Posterior Information Criterion and Monte Carlo Experiments

We construct Bayesian vector autoregressive (BVAR) models optimized by the Posterior Information Criterion (PIC), in which hyper-parameters are data-determined in the same way as the lag length and trend order. We also assess the performance of the selected models by one-step ahead forecasts using historical data and Monte Carlo experiments. The results suggest that the selected models have a superior performance in forecasting as compared with ordinary VAR models.
New Text Compression Method Based on Direct Solution Method Neural Networks

The aim of this work is to create a text compression technique using a single layer neural networks trained using direct solution method. In this work, the text is made as desired output and the weights are pre-defined then, by using the direct solution method, we calculate the input vector. This process, exhibits decreasing the number of the input neurons, the computing size and memory space. The present work has been demonstrated through several experiments and show very promising results in compression rates as well as in the reconstructed text.
Current-mode techniques for UWB frequency synthesizers

This thesis deals with current-mode techniques for ultra-wide band applications. An overview of ultra-wide band (UWB) wireless communications is presented. Two standards for UWB data communications, namely direct-synthesis UWB (DS-UWB) and Multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) UWB are presented. MB-OFDM UWB devices must hop among 14 UWB channels within 9.5 ns, imposing stringent constraints on design of frequency synthesizers. A review of the state-of-the-art frequency synthesizers for MB-OFDM UWB applications is provided. Current-mode phase-locked loops with active inductors and active transformers employed in both loop filters and voltage-controlled oscillators are proposed and their performance in analyzed. Current-mode phase-locked loops decouple the PLL dynamic range from the scaling down of the supply voltage. An active-inductor VCO with both coarse and fine frequency adjustment, a hybrid VCO with a step-down passive transformer loaded with an active inductor, and a hybrid VCO with a step-down passive transformer with a varactor are proposed and their performances are analyzed. These VCOs obtain wide frequency tuning ranges without relying on switched back networks. To meet the timing constraint of UWB frequency synthesizers, Current-mode techniques are further developed for UWB frequency synthesizers. An active inductor with a bank of switched capacitors is proposed to provide fast locking. The bank of switched capacitors eliminates the frequency acquisition locking time of the frequency synthesizer, allowing 9.5 ns phase locking time. The proposed current-mode phase-locked loops, active-inductors oscillators and hybrid oscillators were designed and implemented in TSMC-0.18 μm and IBM-0.13 μm CMOS technologies.
Erector Spinae Plane Fascial Block in Multiple Rib Fractures (Case Report)

The aim of the study: to improve the efficacy of erector spinae plane (ESP) fascial block for pain management in patients with multiple rib fractures. Materials and methods. We observed 4 patients with multiple rib fractures who were treated with ESP fascial block with subsequent prolonged administration of local anesthetic for pain relief. To evaluate the efficacy of the ESP block, the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain intensity, cough performance index and forced vital capacity (FVC), as well as a modified 3-item scale were used. The distribution of local anesthetic (10% lidocaine solution) and contrast (iohexol solution, 350 mg iodine/ml) media was analyzed by computed tomography and correlated with the data on reduced pain perception according to the thoracic vertebrae (Th) levels.Results. After the ESP block in patients with multiple rib fractures, we found a decrease in VAS pain intensity at rest by 3-4 points and on coughing by 3-6 points, an increase in cough performance by 1 point and in the modified 3-item scale by 1-3 points. The distribution of the local anesthetic solution was registered mainly in the cranial-caudal and anterior direction to the intertransversal space without significant leakage in lateral and medial directions. In all 4 cases the local anesthetic and contrast media spread from the catheter tip cranially several levels of thoracic vertebrae farther than in caudal direction.Conclusion. ESP block in patients with multiple rib fractures is a reasonably effective method of pain relief. Catheterization of the fascial plane of erector spinae muscle should be performed at the level of vertebra corresponding to the underlying fractured rib. The data obtained may serve as a basis for further studies with more patients included.
Nonlinear System Identification and Control for Autonomous Robots

Most robots receive information about their own dynamics or about their environment before starting to work on their tasks. This makes them less fit for operating in unknown environments without human supervision. In this thesis, the goal is to let a robot learn the relation between its actions and perceptions autonomously. This problem is divided in a prediction part, and a control part. The goal of the prediction process is to correctly predict the sensor data of the future, given the past sensor and actuator data. The goal of the controller is to provide exploratory behaviour, so that different situations can be learned by the predictor. Of the discussed techniques, one predictor and one controller are chosen to be used in an experiment: a mobile robot equipped with a camera that has to learn what happens when rotating inside a box with pictures. The chosen predictor is a new type of local linear model, the Shuffled Linear Model (SLM). In this model, the localities are chosen randomly and linear regression is used to determine the linear model parameters. It is proved that this model is a universal approximator, and an upper bound on the number of models is given. The chosen controller makes use of intrinsic rewards to aid the predictor by providing data that is both new and easy to predict.
The Conran Cookbook

Taking the reader from the market to the plate, this book aims to encompass everything the home cook needs to know; from choosing and preparing over 1000 ingredients, to equipping the kitchen and planning menus. Over 400 recipes include modern interpretations of old favourites such as Steak and Kidney Pudding, Salad Nicoise and Sherry Trifle, along with those at the edge of current tastes reflecting the increasing influence of Oriental, Pacific and Mediterranean flavours. The work is cross-referenced, with a range of illustrated ingredients, and techniques are photographed step-by-step, from preparing seafood to breadmaking.
Detecting Features Inconsitency in Cross-Platform Applications

The development of mobile computing has offered rise to a differing set of computing platforms. Customers utilize these distinctive stages for both personal and business exercises, for example, banking, shopping and so on. The developers of mobile computing faces many challenges which includes numerous versions of operating systems and thousands of devices which various in screen sizes.While developing mobile applications, the application engineers have to determine APIs of a home stage (e.g., Windows Phone), and consequently create forms of the application for different target stages (e.g., iOS and Android). Because of this cross platform application development is a striking issue for programming engineers who need to pitch to clients regardless of which platform they run (Windows, Mac or Linux).
Large-scale solar power system design : an engineering guide for grid-connected solar power generation

Foreword Introduction Acknowledgments Disclaimer Note Chapter 1. Solar Power System Technologies Chapter 2. Solar Power System Physics and Effects of Ambient Parameter Variation Chapter 3. Solar Photovoltaic Power System Components Chapter 4. Photovoltaic Power System Feasibility Study Chapter 5. Solar Power System Cost Analysis Chapter 6. Solar Power System Design Chapter 7. Large-Scale Solar Power System Construction Chapter 8. Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems Chapter 9. Solar Power System Project Management Chapter 10. Smart-Grid Systems Chapter 11. Solar Thermal Power Chapter 12. Solar Power Rebate, Financing, and Feed-In Tariff Programs Appendix A. Unit Conversion and Design Reference Tables Appendix B. Energy Systems Appendix C. Los Angeles City Fire Department Requirement Appendix D. Photo Gallery Appendix E. State-Wide Solar Initiative Programs Appendix F. List of California Energy Commission Certified Solar Power Equipment Index
Thermal Cycling in Converter IGBT Modules with Different Cooling Systems in Pitch- and Active Stall-Controlled Tidal Turbines

This paper compares active and passive cooling systems in tidal turbine power electronic converters. The comparison is based on the lifetime of the IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) power modules, calculated from the accumulated fatigue due to thermal cycling. The lifetime analysis accounts for the influence of site conditions, namely turbulence and surface waves. Results indicate that active cooling results in a significant improvement in IGBT lifetime over passive cooling. However, since passive cooling systems are inherently more reliable than active systems, passive systems can present a better solution overall, provided adequate lifetime values are achieved. On another note, the influence of pitch control and active speed stall control on the IGBT lifetime was also investigated. It is shown that the IGBT modules in pitch-controlled turbines are likely to have longer lifetimes than their counterparts in active stall-controlled turbines for the same power rating. Overall, it is demonstrated that passive cooling systems can provide adequate cooling in tidal turbine converters to last longer than the typical lifetime of tidal turbines (>25 years), both for pitch-controlled and active speed stall-controlled turbines.
Robotics and automated manufacturing

Contemporary Industrial Technology pedagogy includes the subject of Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence problems are often solved by students using commercial software packages called Expert Systems Shells. This paper describes the use of a method called Function Point Analysis for the evaluation of Expert System Shells for suitability in Industrial Technology pedagogy. Two types of Function Point Analysis are described in this paper; a direct method in which the Expert System Shell software itself is evaluated and an indirect method in which only the specification of the software is evaluated. The indirect method does not require the evaluator to have an actual copy of the software being evaluated, but it gives less useful results than the direct method, which does require that the evaluator have a copy of the software. Both methods are simple and straightforward and can be used successfully by Industrial Technology educators with no specialized background in Information Technology or Software Engineering.
https://researchopenworld.com/choosing-a-hair-consultant-a-mind-genomics-exploration-in-the-realm-of-beauty/#

We present an approach to understanding how to create a consulting business for a personal service, in this case hair beauty. The approach uses experimentation, in the form of systematically varied ideas (Mind Genomics.) The strategyis to expose respondents to combinations of services, identify which particular ideas in the combination ‘drive’ positive reactions, and then focus on those ideas in communication. Rather than asking respondents, Mind Genomics works with combinations, presented rapidly, forcing the response to be intuitive, rather than considered. Mind Genomics reveals new-to-the-world groups of consumers, mind-sets, who respond to different messages in communications, and identifies individuals with these mind-sets through a PVI, personal viewpoint identifier.
Organizational Design: Culture and Incentives

Why do some organizations perform so much better than others, and often persistently so? While the economics literature traditionally emphasizes the importance of incentives, other social sciences focus on the role of organizational culture. Yet very little is known about how an organization's incentive structure and its culture jointly shapes its performance. This paper therefore develops a formal model of how an organization's incentives and culture interact. The model offers a unified explanation for a variety of empirical phenomena, including why an organization's culture can be difficult to change and why there can be persistent performance differences across companies even when they have access to the same technology and resources.