Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STING-Mediated Autophagy Is Protective against H2O2-Induced Cell Death

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-mediated type-I interferon signaling is a well characterized instigator of the innate immune response following bacterial or viral infections in the periphery. Emerging evidence has recently linked STING to various neuropathological conditions, however, both protective and deleterious effects of the pathway have been reported. Elevated oxidative stress, such as neuroinflammation, is a feature of a number of neuropathologies, therefore, this study investigated the role of the STING pathway in cell death induced by elevated oxidative stress. Here, we report that the H2O2-induced activation of the STING pathway is protective against cell death in wildtype (WT) MEFSV40 cells as compared to STING−/− MEF SV40 cells. This protective effect of STING can be attributed, in part, to an increase in autophagy flux with an increased LC3II/I ratio identified in H2O2-treated WT cells as compared to STING−/− cells. STING−/− cells also exhibited impaired autophagic flux as indicated by p62, LC3-II and LAMP2 accumulation following H2O2 treatment, suggestive of an impairment at the autophagosome-lysosomal fusion step. This indicates a previously unrecognized role for STING in maintaining efficient autophagy flux and protecting against H2O2-induced cell death. This finding supports a multifaceted role for the STING pathway in the underlying cellular mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of neurological disorders.
Sulfonated graphene oxide as highly efficient catalyst for glycosylation

ABSTRACT Heterogeneous sulfonated graphene oxide for the first time has been used as a green and efficient catalyst for atom-economic glycosylation of unprotected, unactivated glycosyl donors or 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetylglycosyltrichloroacetimidate with various acceptors basically in the absence of solvent. The unprotected, unactivated glycosyl donors afforded mixtures of α- and β-glycosides, while the 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetylglycosyltrichloroacetimidate afforded β-glycosylated products with high yields and selectivity. The main advantages of this methodology are easy catalyst preparation, no need for dry reagents and reaction conditions, easy catalyst separation and recycling, and high product yields. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Effects of radioactive iodine treatment on cardiovascular disease in thyroid cancer patients: a nationwide cohort study

Background Radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment is a standard treatment in differentiated thyroid cancer (TC). However, its adverse effects on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have not been clearly elucidated. Methods In this retrospective cohort study based on the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (2002–2015), we analyzed 4,845 patients with TC with a median follow-up of 66 months. We evaluated and compared the risk of CVD between patients treated with and without RAI therapy. The primary CVD outcome was defined as a composite of ischemic stroke (IS), ischemic heart disease (IHD), hemorrhagic stroke (HS), or heart failure (HF). Results Overall, 2,533 patients (52.3%) received RAI treatment with a median cumulative dosage of 103 mCi [interquartile range (IQR), 40–162 mCi]. The incidence of the primary CVD outcome in patients who did not receive RAI therapy and those who did was 17.32 [95% confidence interval (CI), 15.07–19.90] and 13.96 (95% CI, 12.17–16.01) per 1,000 person-years, respectively, indicating an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.71–1.07) after multivariate adjustments for variable confounding factors. The risks of IS (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.51–1.34), IHD (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.71–1.13), HS (HR 1.01; 95% CI, 0.49–2.09), and HF (HR 0.89; 95% CI, 0.49–1.63) were comparable between the patients who received RAI therapy and those who did not. There was no cumulative dose-dependent risk for CVD in TC patients who received RAI treatment. Conclusions RAI treatment is a prevalent and crucial treatment for TC, and has been used in more than half of TC patients in Korea from 2004 to 2015. This study found no significant between-group difference for the CVD risk in patients with TC who received RAI treatment and those who did not, giving further evidence to allay concerns related to the adverse effects of RAI.
Instagram Popularity Prediction via Neural Networks and Regression Analysis

With over 700 million active users sharing content on Instagram, predicting the popularity of posts has attractive applications in social analysis and engineering. Previous research has determined that image content and social metadata have dominant predictive power; but to what extent does image composition (aesthetic value) impact popularity? We introduce a novel dataset of 3 , 411 posts labelled as scenery for content-neutral social media analysis. To evaluate the predictive power of image composition on Instagram posts, we compare the popularity predictions of a neural network trained on aesthetic value to the predictions of regression models using social metadata.
Predicting the Behavioural Intention for Cash Waqf: Evidence from Malaysia and Thailand

Cash waqf is one of the mechanisms of charitable behavior in Islamic belief and has been recognized as a way of waqf practice. The objective of this study is to test the relevancy of Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in predicting the intention to perform cash waqf among the university students. Data for this study was collected through structured questionnaires both in Malaysia and Thailand. A questionnaire using a seven-point scale was employed to collect the data for the current study and items from previous studies were modified to adapt to cash waqf context. The questionnaires were distributed to 400 hundred students of Universiti Teknologi MARA Kelantan Campus, Malaysia and 200 hundred students of Prince of Songkla University Pattani Campus, Thailand. The return rate for Malaysia students is 94.7 percent (379 samples) while Thailand students’ return rate is 86 percent (172 samples). The results obtained from the data collection suggested that all three independent variables (attitude, subjective norm & perceived behavioural control) have significant relationship with the intention to perform cash waqf. Hence, TPB framework explained the intention to perform cash waqf.
Managing soil environment and its major impact on oil palm nutrition and productivity in Malaysia

In the early years of oil palm expansion in Malaysia, extensive use of soil information was common especially to select suitable lands for oil palm, understand the dynamic mechanism of soil water and nutrients, which are commonly the most limiting agronomic factors to oil palm growth and production in Malaysia, and formulate manuring (fertilizer) recommendations for oil palm. Furthermore, oil palm is mainly rain-fed and therefore, almost all its needs apart from carbon dioxide for photosynthesis are derived from the soils. While good soil management is essential and probably the key reason for the continuous and successful cultivation of oil palms on the same piece of land for nearly a century or into the fourth generation of cropping, poor soil management can have dire consequences. For example, without manure, the mean fresh fruit bunch yield of oil palms was 32 t ha yr on Selangor series soil compared to just 15 t ha yr on Rengam series soil but with manure similar oil palm yields were obtained from both soil types. With the expansion of oil palm, many new soil series/types are regularly added to oil palm cultivation, which may not have been covered by past experiences or may pose major challenges. In fact, it can readily be envisaged that this will present a more complex situation for soil management and probably dictate a better one to ensure competitiveness and economic viability of oil palm cultivation. Therefore, this paper re-visited our earlier works with updates on soil management with the objectives of providing a general discussion of the principles of soil management, soil requirements of oil palm, and soil management requirements with emphasis on soil organic matter and soil microbe management for oil palm before elucidating the specific soil management practices to improve problem or marginal soils for oil palm cultivation.
Coordinated approaches to quantify long-term ecosystem dynamics in response to global change

Many serious ecosystem consequences of climate change will take decades or even centuries to emerge. Long-term ecological responses to global change are strongly regulated by slow processes, such as changes in species composition, carbon dynamics in soil and by long-lived plants, and accumulation of nutrient capitals. Understanding and predicting these processes require experiments on decadal time scales. But decadal experiments by themselves may not be adequate because many of the slow processes have characteristic time scales much longer than experiments can be maintained. This article promotes a coordinated approach that combines long-term, large-scale global change experiments with process studies andmodeling. Long-term global change manipulative experiments, especially in high-priority ecosystems such as tropical forests and high-latitude regions, are essential to maximize information gain concerning future states of the earth system. The long-term experiments should be conducted in tandem with complementary process studies, such as those using model ecosystems, species replacements, laboratory incubations, isotope tracers, and greenhouse facilities. Models are essential to assimilate data from long-term experiments and process studies together with information from long-term observations, surveys, and space-for-time studies along environmental and biological gradients. Future research programs with coordinated long-term experiments, process studies, and modeling have the potential to be the most effective strategy to gain the best information on long-term ecosystem dynamics in response to global change.
GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SALSOVIA SUBMERGED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE EEGS Annual Meeting

Abstract We carried out magnetometric and resistivity measurements in the Salsovia archaeological site, located in the Dobrogea region of Romania. We analyzed the results to see if we could find the orientation of the walls or any other evidence of a former human presence within a limited area submerged beneath the Danube River. We showed the estimated depth of the site and the possible orientation of a wall.
Performance Analysis Of Authentication And Efficient And Secure Message Communication In Vanets

: A wireless environment demonstrates a vital role during the past years in the communication world. Wireless connection is a core area in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is an emerging field of MANET in such an instance a vehicle performs as a nodule transmitter with remaining vehicles and highway transportation in the networking system. For enhancing secure driving, they assured to provide upcoming safety crucial progressive mechanisms for the driver aid system. As a result of wireless information sharing, attacks gone through with fewer attempts and protection and privacy of persons involved in such networks are the key aspects. Through wireless media, every vehicle will message (Msg) with each other for safety Msg transmission and keep updated with risk and traffic conditions. The Security goal is preventing third parties disclosing incorrect information in the network, which gives rise to misfortunes and is a significant feature in secure messaging. In this paper, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) produces a key for the vehicles in which RSUs operate as a Certificate Authority. This paper investigation established that the whole Msg size impact on VANET messaging system and communication link protocol investigation conducted for performance measuring in a VANET message transfer system.
Automatic Extraction of Rarely Explored Materials and Methods Sections from Research Journals using Machine Learning Techniques

The scientific community is expanding by leaps and bounds every day owing to pioneering and path breaking scientific literature published in journals around the globe. Viewing as well as retrieving this data is a challenging task in today’s fast paced world. The essence and importance of scientific research papers for the expert lies in their experimental and theoretical results along with the sanctioned research projects from the organizations. Since scant work has been done in this direction, the alternative option is to explore text mining by machine learning techniques. Myriad journals are available on material research which throws light on a gamut of materials, synthesis methods, and characterization methods used to study properties of the materials. Application of materials has many diversified areas, hence selected papers from “Journal of Material Science” where “Materials and Methods” sections contains names of the method, characterization techniques (instrumental methods), algorithms, images, etc. used in research work. The “Acknowledgment” section conveys information about authors’ proximity, collaborations with organizations that are again not explored for the citation network. In the present articulated work, our attempt is to derive a means to automatically extract methods or terminologies used in characterization techniques, author, organization data from “Materials and Methods” and “Acknowledgment” sections, using machine learning techniques. Another goal of this research is to provide a data set for characterization terms, classification and an extended version of the existing citation network for material research. The complete dataset will help new researchers to select research work, find new domains and techniques to solve advanced scientific research problems.
Village-Owned Enterprises Sustainability Analysis

The purpose of this research is to present and introduce a scheme that is easy to be accepted by village-owned enterprises (VOE) as a device to help creating strategy of organization in order to achieve sustainability, primarily related to economic, social-environment, and strategicleadership. The study is expected to response of a question on how some VOEs can be more withstand than other VOEs. A village, Ponggok, located in Central Java, was chosen as a research object since its VOE, Tirta Mandiri, is proven to be one of the sustaining VOEs in Indonesia. A three-layer business model canvas (TLBMC), a preliminary tool to evaluate the information related to VOE sustainability, were modified since some factors were not be able to be used in proposed TLBMC by Joyce and Paquin (2016). From the findings, the VOE sustainability can be captured by three canvases used in this study such as the economic canvas, the social-environment canvas, and the strategic-leadership canvas. Accordingly, this study is projected to give contribution, particularly to VOEs that need to be sustainable so that villages communities may acquire further economically, socially, and
Intercomparison of Arctic ground-based XH2O observations from COCCON, TCCON and NDACC, and application of COCCON XH2O for IASI and TROPOMI validation

Abstract. In this paper, we compare column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of water vapor (XH2O) retrievals from COCCON (COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network) with retrievals from two co-located high-resolution FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometers as references at two boreal sites, Kiruna, Swedenand Sodankyla, Finland. In the framework of the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) an FTIR spectrometer is operated in Kiruna. The H2O product derived from these observations has been generated with the MUSICA (MUlti-platform remote Sensing of Isotopologues for investigating the Cycle of Atmospheric water) processor. In Sodankyla, a TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) spectrometer is operated, and the official XH2O data as provided by TCCON are used for this study. The datasets are in good overall agreement, with COCCON data showing a wet bias of (49.20 ± 58.61) ppm ((3.33 ± 3.37) %, R2 = 0.9992) compared to MUSICA NDACC and (56.32 ± 45.63) ppm ((3.44 ± 1.77) %, R2 = 0.9997) compared to TCCON. Furthermore, the a priori H2O VMR (volume mixing ratio) profiles (MAP) used as a priori in the TCCON retrievals (also adopted for COCCON retrievals) are evaluated with respect to radiosonde (Vaisala RS41) profiles at Sodankyla. The MAP and radiosonde profiles show similar shapes and good correlation of integrated XH2O, indicating that MAP is a reasonable approximation for the true atmospheric state and an appropriate choice for the scaling retrieval methods as applied by COCCON and TCCON. COCCON shows a reduced dry bias (−1.66 %) in comparison to TCCON (−5.63 %) with respect to radiosonde XH2O and this small bias indicates that besides XCO2 and XCH4 COCCON is also able to serve as validation tool for space-borne XH2O measurements. Finally, we investigate the quality of satellite data at high latitudes. For this purpose, the COCCON XH2O is compared with retrievals from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) generated with the MUSICA processor (MUSICA IASI) and with retrievals from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). Both paired datasets show generally good agreement and similar correlations at the two sites. COCCON measures 4.64 % less XH2O at Kiruna and 3.36 % at Sodankyla with respect to MUSICA IASI, while COCCON measures 9.71 % more XH2O at Kiruna and 7.75 % at Sodankyla compared with TROPOMI. Our study supports the assumption that COCCON also delivers a well-characterized XH2O data product. This emphasizes the approach of supplementing the TCCON network for satellite validation efforts. This is the first published study where COCCON XH2O is compared with MUSICA NDACC and TCCON retrievals, and for MUSICA IASI and TROPOMI validation.
Surface Protein in Attachment of Rhizobium leguminosarum Biovar viciae to Pea Root

Attachment of rhizobia to developing root hairs is one of the first steps of the nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis between rhizobia and the leguminous host plants. Recently, we reported that both cellulose fibrils and a Ca2+-dependent adhesin of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae cells are involved in the two-step process of attachment of rhizobia to pea root hair tips (13). In the study reported here, the influence of Ca2" limitation on motility and surface components of R. leguminosarum cells is described in relation to the ability of the cells to attach to pea root hair tips, and the Ca2"-dependent adhesin is identified as a small cell surface protein. Ca2+ is essential for motility of R. leguminosarum. Attachment ability (13) and motility of R. leguminosarum 248, harboring Sym plasmid pRLlJI (9), were found to decrease strongly under low-Ca2" conditions. No motility was observed when the Ca2+ concentration in TY medium (12) was below 1.4 mM, whereas the growth rate was not affected. An electron microscopic study of rhizobia grown under Ca2` limitation (13) showed that flagella were not present on the cell surface. Purified flagella are not involved in attachment of R. keguminosarum. To determine the possible role of flagella as well as motility in attachment of rhizobia, the adhesin activity of purified flagella and the attachment ability of nonmotile mutants were determined. Flagella from R. leguminosarum 248, purified according to the method of Carsiotis et al. (5), appeared to be 12 to 13 nm in diameter and up to 4 ,um long as judged by electron microscopy. Sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) (11) of purified flagella showed a dominant 32-kilodalton (kDa) protein (Fig. 1, lane I). Crude flagellum preparations from R. leguminosarum 248 grown at various Ca2" concentrations, obtained as described above but without the density centrifugation step, showed that under low-Ca2" conditions the 32 kDa band was missing, whereas the densities of several other bands had increased (data not shown). These data demonstrate that the 32-kDa protein represents the flagellar subunit of R. leguminosarum. Thirty-three nonmotile TnS mutants of R. leguminosarum 248 were isolated (6, 13) and examined for the presence of flagella by electron microscopy, and crude flagellum preparations isolated from these mnutants were investigated by using SDS-PAGE. The nonmotile mutants could be divided into three classes. Class 1 contained mutants consisting of
Evolução dos Errantivirus gtwin e gypsy no gênero Drosophila

Errantivirus comprises a monophyletic group of insect LTR retrotransposons, which has an env gene in addition to gag and pol genes. In retroviruses, the Env protein is responsible for its infectious properties, causing the fusion of the virion to the cell membrane. Recent data suggest that Errantivirus have originated from a retrotransposon unprovided of env gene, which incorporated a fusion protein gene from baculovirus by a recombination event. Gypsy is the most studied Errantivirus, it has proved infectious properties and a complex evolution pattern. Otherwise, gtwin, closely related to gypsy, was recently found through in silico analysis of Drosophila melanogaster genome and it is still poorly studied. This work aim to amplify the knowledge about the evolutionary history of both gypsy and gtwin Errantivirus, through in silico genome search of Drosophila and phylogenetic analysis of the env gene. We show that gtwin has a distribution restricted to the melanogaster subgroup and its phylogeny shows incongruences with host species phylogeny, suggesting horizontal transmission events. Gypsy show a high number of subfamilies spread in different Drosophila groups and more than one subfamily can coexist in the same genome. Multiple events of horizontal transmission are inferred, making evident the complex evolution pattern of gypsy reported by some authors. Moreover, it was reported the existence of DNA sequences putatively encoding Env proteins in most of the sequences involved in horizontal transfer, for both gypsy and gtwin elements. Our data suggest these sequences can be retroviruses with capacity to invade new genomes without require a vector, corroborating the hypothesis suggested by other authors that infectious waves could explain the complex evolutionary pattern of Errantivirus.
NO and H2O2 Modulate Ca2+, Ca2+ Dependent K+ Currents and IntracellularCalcium Concentration of Cultured, Identified Lymnaea Neurons

1Physology Research Centre, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran 2Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy 3Institute of Ageing and Chronic Diseases, The APEX building, University of Liverpool, UK *Corresponding Author: William Winlow, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Diseases, The APEX building, University of Liverpool, UK.
Determination of Genetic Variation in Indian Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Genotypes for Agro-Morphological Traits

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the oldest oil crops and is widely cultivated in Asia and Africa. Characterization and quantification of genetic diversity has long been a major goal in evolutionary biology. Information on the genetic diversity within and among closely related crop varieties is essential for a rational use of genetic resources. The analysis of genetic variation within and among elite breeding materials is of fundamental interest to plant breeders. It contributes to monitoring of germplasm and can also be used to predict potential genetic gains . To determine the level of diversity in relation to geographical origins and morphological characteristics, a total of 60 accessions have been collected from different parts of the India were analyzed using statistical techniques for thirteen quantitative and four qualitative parameters using D 2 analysis. Number of seeds per capsule contributed highest towards the divergence. The distribution pattern of genotypes in different clusters indicated that genetic divergence was not related to geographical differentiation.