Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occurrence and Altitude of the Long‐Lived Nonspecular Meteor Trails During Meteor Showers at High Latitudes

Meteoroids entering the Earth's atmosphere produce ionized trails, which are detectable by radio sounding. Cylindrical underdense (and partly overdense) trails form a great majority of meteor echoes received by meteor radars (MRs). Additionally, the long‐lived nonspecular (LLNS) meteor echoes are received from irregularities of ionization generated along tracks of relatively large meteoroids. At high latitudes where the magnetic field is nearly perpendicular to the Earth's surface the LLNS echoes are possible only from non‐field‐aligned irregularities. The occurrence and height distributions of LLNS echoes are studied using MR observations at the high‐latitude Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory (SGO, 67°22′N, 26°38′E, Finland) during 2008–2019. Two parameters are analyzed: the percentage and height distribution of LLNS echoes. These LLNS echoes constitute about 3% of all MR detections. However, during certain meteor showers (i.e., the Geminids, Perseids, Quadrantids, Arietids or/and Daytime ζ‐Perseids, and Lyrids) the percentage of LLNS echoes is noticeably higher (about 10%, 8%, 7%, 7%, and 4%, respectively). Typically, the LLNSs occur ∼1–2 km higher than other echoes (in June–July the height difference is reduced to ∼0.5–1 km). Moreover, during the Lyrids, η‐Aquariids, Perseids, Orionids, and Leonids the LLNS echoes occur noticeably, up to 3–5 km, higher than the echoes from other types of trails.
Limits of Predictability of a Global Self-Similar Routing Model in a Local Self-Similar Environment

Regional Distributed Hydrological models are being adopted around the world for prediction of streamflow fluctuations and floods. However, the details of the hydraulic geometry of the channels in the river network (cross sectional geometry, slope, drag coefficients, etc.) are not always known, which imposes the need for simplifications based on scaling laws and their prescription. We use a distributed hydrological model forced with radar-derived rainfall fields to test the effect of spatial variations in the scaling parameters of Hydraulic Geometric (HG) relationships used to simplify routing equations. For our experimental setup, we create a virtual watershed that obeys local self-similarity laws for HG and attempt to predict the resulting hydrographs using a global self-similar HG parameterization. We find that the errors in the peak flow value and timing are consistent with the errors that are observed when trying to replicate actual observation of streamflow. Our results provide evidence that local self-similarity can be a more appropriate simplification of HG scaling laws than global self-similarity.
Economic Analysis of Compressor Inlet Air Precooling Techniques of a Gas Turbine Operational in Nigerian Energy Utility Sector

Economic analysis of gas turbine compressor inlet air precooling is based on the economical evaluation (maintenance, operations and personnel costs) of the various precooling systems used to improve the performance of gas turbine operational in Nigeria energy utility sector. The precooling techniques studied are evaporative, vapour compression and vapour absorption precooling techniques. This study objectively compared the three precooling techniques taking into consideration the prevailing climatic conditions of Nigeria. The overall yearly cost for evaporative, vapour compression and vapour absorption precooling techniques are evaluated to be USD25501.31/KWh, USD69867.19/KWh and USD1184548.01/KWh respectively and the payback time is three years. The system profitability for evaporative, vapour compression and vapour absorption precooling systems are USD1785376.83/KWh, USD7198182.79/KWh and USD11103747.4/KWh respectively and the payback time is three and a half year. The Net Revenue of the systems is USD8782909.21/KWh, USD15888192.52/KWh and USD84947043.84/KWh respectively. In conclusion, it is recommended that evaporative precooling system should be used in dry and humid weather conditions (Northern region of Nigeria) but it must be ensured that water is in abundance and refrigeration precooling should be employed in the moderate climatic conditions (Southern Region of Nigeria). Original Research Article Okafor; JERR, 15(4): 25-34, 2020; Article no.JERR. 57665 26
Clinical outcome of laparoscopic vs open right hemicolectomy for colon cancer: A propensity score matching analysis of the Japanese National Clinical Database

The advantages of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy over open surgery for colon cancer in general clinical practice are debated, as evidenced by the continued use of open surgery in a significant proportion of patients worldwide. This study aimed to assess and compare the clinical outcome of laparoscopic and open right hemicolectomy for colon cancer using data from the Japanese National Clinical Database.
Multi-Model Stacking Ensemble Learning for Dropout Prediction in MOOCs

In recent years, with the rapid development of streaming media technology, massive open online courses (MOOC) have attracted unprecedented attention. Compared with the traditional offline teaching mode, the MOOC of online teaching has a higher degree of openness. Users can arbitrarily interrupt the study of a course according to their own interests, and have a higher dropout rate. The existing single machine learning model needs to be improved in terms of prediction accuracy. In this paper, a dropout prediction model based on multi-model stacking ensemble learning (MMSE) is proposed to further improve the accuracy of MOOC dropout prediction. The model mainly includes two parts: data preprocessing and model building. In the data preprocessing part, the student’s log records are used to design data features in weeks. In the model building part, a two-layer ensemble learning model is established. In the first layer, 5-fold cross-validation is used to train five different base classifiers. The second layer uses the XGBoost algorithm to combine the prediction results of the first layer to predict MOOC dropout. The experimental results on the KDDcup2015 real data set show that the MMSE model has achieved better results than the single model.
Equity Incentives, Inefficient Investment and Stock Price Crash Risk—Taking GEM as an Example

The crash effect brought about by the “slump” of the stock price of the capital market has severely damaged the stability of the financial market, and the existing research mainly focuses on the reasons for the risk of the stock price crash. From the perspective of how to mitigate the risk of crash, this article discusses the governance effect of equity incentives to resolve the risk of stock price crash, and intends to clarify the logical relationship among equity incentives, inefficient investment, and stock price crash risk. Research shows that there is a significant negative correlation between equity incentives and the risk of stock price collapse on the GEM; equity incentives can effectively suppress the inefficient investment of executives, especially the tendency of overinvestment, thereby reducing the risk of the company’s stock price crash; that is, inefficient investment plays an incomplete intermediary role. The conclusion of the study provides important inspiration for the company’s internal governance and capital market risk prevention.
Comparison of versioning methods to improve the information flow in the planning and building processes

Version management is a prerequisite for digital information flow between phases in the planning and building processes. Information evolves over time and many parties retrieve information from the various phases. The aim of this article is to evaluate versioning methods, focusing on geodata buildings in the 3D cadastre process. The main attention in the evaluation is on the comprehensive ISO standard Product Lifecycle Support (PLCS). PLCS is evaluated against two simpler versioning methods, the versioning in CityGML 3.0 and a modified Git versioning method implemented in CityJSON. CityGML 3.0 fulfils all but one requirement and PLCS meets all. The methods vary in complexity; the Git proposal is a simple solution, easy to implement and maintain, while PLCS includes all functionalities and is complex to implement. There is a trade‐off between number of functionalities and complexity, it is therefore important that the intended purpose determines the choice of versioning method.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Children and Adolescents: Focusing on the Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) is a clinical testing that allows for the analysis of gas exchange during exercise. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), comprehensive index of cardiac, respiratory, and skeletal muscle functions, is one of the most important measurements obtained in CPET. Anaerobic threshold, the exercise intensity at which lactate starts to accumulate in the blood, is widely used, as it represents an exercise level that is not too strenuous, but not too mild. The Minute Ventilation/Carbon Dioxide Output relationship (VE/VCO2 slope) is often used as a prognostic marker of cardiac failure. The Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope (OUES), a submaximal index of cardiorespiratory functional reserve, correlates strongly with VO2max and is utilized as a prognostic tool for various heart diseases including congenital heart defects.
Optimal Site Selection for a Solar Power Plant in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam

Following the recent development trend in the struggle for cleaning the earth’s environment, solar is the one of most promising area that can partially be used as a replaceable energy from non-renewable fuel sources. As such, it plays a significant role in protecting the environment from global warming. As solar power does not emit harmful gases into the atmosphere, its production, distribution, setup, and operation are vital should the production remain constant. Even solar energy waste emissions are small; when compared to current energy sources, the amount of harmful gases is negligible. This paper presented an integrated approach for site of solar plants by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP). Furthermore, these integrated methodologies, incorporated with the most relevant parameters of requirements for solar plants, are introduced. First, the paper considers an integrated hierarchical DEA and FANP model for the optimal geographical location of solar plants in Mekong Delta Region, Vietnam. Using the proposed model for implementation would allow the renewable energy policy makers to select and control the optimal location for allocating and constructing a solar energy power plant in Vietnam. This is the preferred strategy for location optimization problems associated with solar plant units in Vietnam and around the world.
Process Chain Optimization for SWCNT/Epoxy Nanocomposite Parts with Improved Electrical Properties

Electrically conductive nanocomposites present opportunities to replace metals in several applications. Usually, the electrical properties emerging from conductive particles and the resulting bulk values depend on the micro/nano scale morphology of the particle network formed during processing. The final electrical properties are therefore highly process dependent. In this study, the electrical resistivity of composites made from single-walled carbon nanotubes in epoxy was investigated. Three approaches along the processing chain were investigated to reduce the electrical resistivity of nanocomposites-the dispersion strategy in a three-roll mill, the curing temperature, and the application of electric fields during curing. It was found that a progressive increase in the shear forces during dispersion leads to a more than 50% reduction in the electrical resistivities. Higher curing temperatures of the nanocomposite resin also lead to a decrease of around 50% in resistivity. Furthermore, a scalable resin transfer molding set-up with gold-coated electrodes was developed and tested with different mold release agents. It has been shown that curing the material under electric fields leads to an electrical resistivity approximately an order of magnitude lower, and that the properties of the mold release agent also influence the final resistivity of different samples in the same batch.
The interfacial reliability of through-glass vias for 2.5D integrated circuits

Glass is a promising interposer substrate for 2.5 D integration; yet detailed analysis of the interfacial reliability of through-glass vias (TGVs) has been lacking. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the design and material factors responsible for the interfacial delamination in TGVs and identify methods to improve reliability. ,The interfacial reliability of TGVs is studied both analytically and numerically. An analytical solution is presented to show the dependence of the energy release rate (ERR) for interfacial delamination on the via design and the thermal mismatch strain. Then, finite element analysis (FEA) is used to investigate the influence of detailed design and material factors, including the pitch distance, via aspect ratio, via geometry and the glass and via materials, on the susceptibility to interfacial delamination. ,ERR for interfacial delamination is directly proportional to the via diameter and the thermal mismatch strain. Thinner wafers with smaller aspect ratios show larger ERRs. Changing the via geometry from a fully filled via to an annular via leads to lower ERR. FEA results also show that certain material combinations have lower thermal mismatch strains, thus less prone to delamination. ,The results and approach presented in this paper can guide the design and development of more reliable 2.5 D glass interposers. ,This paper represents the first attempt to comprehensively evaluate the impact of design and material selection on the interfacial reliability of TGVs.
Body Recomposition: Can Trained Individuals Build Muscle and Lose Fat at the Same Time?

Despite the lack of standardized terminology, building muscle and losing fat concomitantly has been referred to as body recomposition by practitioners. Although many suggest that this only occurs in untrained/novice and overweight/obese populations, there is a substantial amount of literature demonstrating this body recomposition phenomenon in resistancetrained individuals. Moreover, 2 key factors influencing these adaptations are progressive resistance training coupled with evidence-based nutritional strategies. This review examines some of the current literature demonstrating body recomposition in various trained populations, the aforementioned key factors, nontraining/nutrition variables (i.e., sleep, hormones), and potential limitations due to body composition assessments. In addition, this review points out the areas where more research is warranted. INTRODUCTION A common goal among active individuals is to improve their body composition by increasing skeletal muscle mass and decreasing fat mass (FM). It is well understood that these positive body composition changes have a multitude of health benefits (2,45,66) and have also been shown to improve athletic performance (12,60). Among physique competitors (e.g., individuals who compete in bodybuilding, figure, bikini, etc.), increasing muscle and losing body fat is also of critical importance to be successful in their sport. Despite the lack of standardized terminology, practitioners have described this adaptive phenomenon in which muscle mass is gained and FM is lost concomitantly as body recomposition. It is generally thought that body recomposition occurs mainly in both the untrained/novice and overweight/obese populations. When examining the literature, this dogma seems logical because training age and also the novelty of initiating a resistance training (RT) program have been shown to directly impact the rate of muscle mass accrual (30,49,67). Within RT programs, practitioners can manipulate training variables (e.g., intensity, volume, exercise selection, etc.) as a means to enhance the muscle hypertrophic stimulus. Moreover, aerobic exercise is commonly implemented within training regimens to decrease FM (5). In addition, research has shown that the combination of both RTand aerobic exercise (i.e., concurrent training) can be an effective approach to optimize body recomposition (5,57). Thus, practitioners, coaches, and trainers commonly recommend concurrent training for individuals aiming to gain muscle and lose fat (24). Most importantly, despite the zeitgeist that well-trained individuals cannot gain muscle mass and lose fat simultaneously, there have been many chronic randomized controlled trials Address correspondence to Dr. Eduardo O. De Souza, edesouza@ut.edu.
The Future of Nuclear Medicine Depends on the Quality of Its Research: Researchers at the University of Heidelberg Receive the Award for Best Article of the Year.

At the JNM editors’ strategic planning meeting in February, the associate editors selected the best clinical article and best basic science article for 2019. Of those two, they selected the article of the year. [Figure][1] Johannes Czernin The award for best clinical article went to
A composite ceramic material for an abrasive tool

The paper describes the features of the electrochemical formation of a modern abrasive tool material. The technology for obtaining the material consists in obtaining a composite diamond-bearing ceramic layer on the surface of diamond-aluminum sintered blanks by microarc oxidation. It was established that the degree of diamond metallization with copper and the relative density of a sintered blank affects oxidation the most. It was impossible to obtain a composite ceramic material by microarc oxidation with diamonds coated with nanodispersed copper with a metallization degree of over 100%. The relative density of sintered blanks should be 80–90% to form a composite material with optimal physicomechanical and tribotechnical properties. Diamond concentration did not affect the creation of stable spark discharges that form aluminum oxide. The optimal alkali concentration in the electrolyte to reach the maximum thickness of the diamond-bearing composite material was about 2 g/l. Comparative tests showed that the wear resistance of a diamond-bearing composite material with a ceramic matrix based on aluminum oxide was notably higher than traditional analogues under similar friction conditions. Finally, the paper determines the scope of the obtained diamond-bearing ceramic material as a tool for precision processing of superhard materials in precision engineering, instrumentation engineering, and the medical industry.
Text Retrieval Technology Based on Keyword Retrieval

In such an era of informatization and big data where the Internet has greatly enriched the sources of information of people and changed the way they get information, search engine is widely used and it results from the combination of text retrieval and Web. Based on the research on Boolean model, vector model and probability model, this paper deduces a text retrieval algorithm using keyword retrieval, which can realize keyword retrieval of text documents in text database.
Memory for stimulus durations is not bound to spatial information

Different models have been proposed to explain how the human brain derives an accurate sense of time. One specific class of models, intrinsic models, state that temporal information of a stimulus is represented much like other features such as color and location, bound together to form a coherent percept. Here we explored to what extent this holds for temporal information after it has been perceived and is held in working memory for subsequent comparison. We recorded EEG of participants who were asked to time stimuli at lateral positions of the screen followed by comparison stimuli presented in the center. Using well-established markers of working memory maintenance, we investigated whether the usage of temporal information evoked neural signatures that were indicative of the location where the stimuli had been presented, both during maintenance and during comparison. Neural and behavioral measures, including the contralateral delay activity, lateralized alpha suppression and decoding analyses through time, all supported the same conclusion: while the representation of location was strongly involved during the perception of temporal information, once temporal information was committed to memory it no longer showed any relation to spatial information during maintenance or during comparisons. These results support a model where the initial perception of a stimulus involves intrinsic computations, but that this information is subsequently translated to a stimulus-independent format to be used to further guide behavior.
Recent Advances in Flexible Field‐Effect Transistors toward Wearable Sensors

The introduction of the “Internet of Things” (IoTs) concept has spawned a series of research and development of wearable sensors. Flexible field‐effect transistors (FETs) are considered to be potential sensing devices due to the variety of material utilization and the self‐amplifying function on electrical signals. FETs have demonstrated the ability of detecting different kinds of external stimuli and continuous monitoring functionalities. Herein, the recent progress achieved by the academia in wearable sensors based on flexible FETs, including pressure, temperature, chemical, and biological analytes, which are vital for the manufacturing of smart wearable devices, is summarized. The sensing mechanism for different sensors is introduced and an in‐depth discussion is presented, including material engineering, problems at the current stage, and future challenges.
USING DEEP LEARNING, FOLDSCOPE AND MOBILE BASED APPLICATION FOR DETECTING MALARIA PARASITE

: Malaria is an infectious disease which is caused by plasmodium parasites. Several image processing and deep learning techniques have been employed to diagnose malaria, using its spatial features extracted from microscopic images. In this work, a model and a technique are introduced for identifying infected falciparum malaria parasites using a transfer learning approach and foldscope (Origami-Based Paper Microscope) . transfer learning approach can be achieved by unifying the existing pre-trained model. A malaria digital corpus generated by acquiring blood smear images of infected and non-infected malaria patients and obtaining the result which shows the potential of transfer learning in the field of malaria diagnosis . and further testing on the images taken from mobile using foldscope .
From treeline to species line: Thermal patterns and growth relationships across the krummholz zone of whitebark pine, Sierra Nevada, California, USA

ABSTRACT A multiyear study of forest-to-alpine ecotones across extensive krummholz zones in whitebark pine (WBP; Pinus albicaulis), Sierra Nevada, California, resolved mean treeline growing season temperature (GST) of 9.3°C, 2.6°C warmer than global thresholds previously described, and mean growing season length of 143 days. Temperatures declined with increasing elevation; GST at the upper krummholz line (8.9°C), however, was 2.2°C warmer than the mean global treeline threshold, suggesting that by thermal criteria these environments should support tree growth. Possible explanations for the warm conditions and persistence of krummholz rather than treeline advance include a role for moisture limitations, disequilibrium with Little Ice Age temperatures, and the influence of krummholz as a buffer to treeline dynamics. Radial growth in treeline WBP trees was negatively correlated with maximum annual temperature and positively correlated to water year precipitation. Krummholz stems had low correlations to one another, to treeline trees, and to climate, suggesting nonclimatic controls on growth. These findings underscore the variable nature of treeline response to climate change, suggest that krummholz ecotones behave differently from diffuse treelines, and add to examples of mountain conifers that may be exhibiting lag effects and have not shifted with contemporary warming.