Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia / Reoxygenation in OSA Induces Stress Responses , Oxidative Stress , and Production of Reactive Oxygen Species

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both commonmajor public health concerns. Epidemiological and clinical evidence postulates that OSA may be a causal factor in the pathogenesis of T2DM. This review examines recent empirical developments in theory, research, and practice regarding T2DM and OSA.We first examined the data from 10 studies that covered 281 patients with T2DM who used continuous positive airway pressure therapy, followed by research that describes how hypoxia/reoxygenation in OSA may be key triggers that initiate or contribute to the status of insulin resistance and inflammation. We then propose mechanisms that may relate diabetes with OSA. The issues that should be addressed in the future are outlined. We suggest that intervention with continuous positive airway pressure may improve diabetic symptoms and should be encouraged for patients with diabetes.
Pathobiology of Ischemic Injury : Effects of High and Low Rates of Arterial Reflow

Three aspects of cardioprotection are discussed in this article. The first is myocyte death as a function of the duration and severity of ischemia in experimental acute myocardial infarction in the dog heart. The short period of time during which reperfusion with arterial blood will salvage myocytes is demonstrated along with data showing that this period diminishes significantly if collateral flow is very low or absent. The second topic is a discussion of potential mechanisms underlying postconditioning. It begins with a review of the changes that lead to irreversible injury during acute ischemia in the dog heart along with a discussion of the genesis of contraction band necrosis and no reflow when myocardium is salvaged by unrestricted reperfusion with arterial blood in order to provide a basis to discuss the potential mechanisms underlying postconditioning, a situation in which reflow is intermittent and restricted. Postconditioning is reported to achieve greater myocyte salvage than unrestricted reflow. Potential explanations for this beneficial effect include: first, sufficient sarcolemmal repair occurring during the intermittent reflow (reoxygenation) to prevent cell death by explosive cell swelling, and second, prevention of the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, thereby preventing mitochondrial failure and cell death in the reperfused tissue. Since there is no way available to identify and specifically study the myocytes that would have died if not protected by postconditioning, direct demonstration of mechanisms is difficult or impossible. Finally, the third topic in this commentary is an analysis of the obstacles faced by investigators using small rodent hearts to establish cardioprotective mechanisms. Such studies provide valid data but the relationship of the changes and the proposed mechanisms underlying these changes are not necessarily directly transferable to ischemic large animal hearts including the heart of man.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Cyclic Sulfamide Linked to Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)

We herein describe the synthesis and antibacterial activity of cyclic sulfamide linked to tetrathiafulvalene (TTF). This approach exploits the inherent chemistry of biomolecules and �-donors compounds to generate symmetric bis-trimethyltetrathiafulvalenyl-2-thiophenyl cyclic sulfamides. Two strategies are revealed, one centres on the Ring- closing olefin metathesis using the Grubbs catalyst a second strategy based on the direct alkylation of dibromoalkane de- rivatives with symmetric sulfamide under basic conditions. All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities and some of them were found to possess good or moderate antimicrobial activity.
JB Reflection and Perspectives

Kunihiko Suzuki is a neurologist by training whose research accomplishments range widely from basic research in brain lipids, their metabolism to genetic disorders involving the nervous system. Among them are identification of the enzymatic defect, the pathogenetic mechanism, and animal models of Krabbe’s globoid cell leukodystrophy, the chemical and molecular pathologies of many glycosphingolipidoses, discovery of the abnormal accumulation of very long chain fatty acids in adrenoleukodystrophy, and elucidation of the complex metabolic interrelationship among sphingolipids with extensive use of the gene targeting technology. This reflections and perspectives highlight his accomplishments briefly.
Advances in Liaison Based Public Order Policing in England: Human Rights and Negotiating the Management of Protest?

This article provides further analysis of an emerging ‘liaison’ based approach to the policing of public order in England and Wales (Gorringe, H., Stott, C. and Rosie, M. (2012). ‘Dialogue Police, Decision Making, and the Management of Public Order During Protest Crowd Events. ’ Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling 9(2): 111–125. ). Data is gathered from a range of sources including direct observation of a series of six protest events across two cities in England between May and November 2012. The research was conducted using principles of ‘participant observation’ within an ‘action research’ framework (Lewin, K. (1958). Group Decision and Social Change. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ). The qualitative analysis suggests that liaison based approaches are effective where they enhance police capacity for problem solving, conflict reduction, limit setting, and mediating during protest events. It is asserted that liaison based tactics can be undermined, however, through poor understanding of the approach among police commanders and inadequate sensitivity to interactions between police tactics, protest identities, ideology, and history. The implications of the data for understanding wider debates concerning iterative processes between ‘transgressive’ protest and shifts toward strategic incapacitation are discussed (Gillham, P. F. (2011). ‘Securitizing America: strategic incapacitation and the policing of protest since the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks. ’ Sociology Compass 5(7): 636–652. ).
, Mitchell Programs in China Assay for Invasive Fungal Surveillance Sequencing : Proposal of a Reference Supplemented with Ribosomal DNA Use of the Vitek MS System Selectively Yeast Identification Algorithm Based on

Published Ahead of Print 11 December 2013. 10.1128/JCM.02543-13. 2014, 52(2):572. DOI: J. Clin. Microbiol. Brown, Timothy J. Gray, Fanrong Kong and Ying-Chun Xu Li Zhang, Meng Xiao, He Wang, Ran Gao, Xin Fan, Mitchell Programs in China Assay for Invasive Fungal Surveillance Sequencing: Proposal of a Reference Supplemented with Ribosomal DNA Use of the Vitek MS System Selectively Yeast Identification Algorithm Based on
Experimental Infection of SV 40-Negative Rhesus Monkeys With SHIV and SV 40

There currently is no animal model of JC virus/associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Reactivation of simian virus 40 (SV40) in immunosuppressed rhesus monkeys, however, rarely causes a PML-like illness. We sought to isolate a neurotropic clone of SV40 and determine its pathogenic potential in monkeys. The clone SV40CNS1 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from the brain DNA of a simian/human immunodeficiency virus/infected monkey that had developed PML and meningoencephalitis. Compared with the SV40 prototype 776, SV40CNS1 had a small number of single-amino-acid mutations and caused a productive infection in monkey fibroblasts. It was inoculated into 2 SV40negative, simian/human immunodeficiency virus/immunosuppressed monkeys. Both animals developed meningoencephalitis with productive SV40 infection of cerebral cortical neurons and glia in the superficial layers of the cortex and at the gray-white junction. Focal SV40-infected cells were also found in the cerebellar molecular and granule cell layers and white matter. Both animals also developed disseminated SV40 infection with nephritis and pneumonitis. Thus, SV40CNS1 is infectious and pathogenic in immunosuppressed monkeys, but it induces encephalitis with fulminant productive infection in cortical neurons and systemic disease, rather than PML. These findings shed new light on SV40 neurotropism and expand the host cell range of this virus.
Neural Basis of a Pollinator ’ s Buffet : Olfactory Specialization and Learning in Manduca sexta

clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): January 10, 2013 www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at
Effects of Microwave Absorption on Long and Short Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes at 10-6 Torr

Carbon nanotubes have been observed to emit ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation when exposed to microwaves. We have performed experiments in which both short (0.5 microns to 2 microns) and long (5 microns to 30 microns) single and double walled carbon nanotubes were exposed to 2.46 GHz microwaves at a pressure of 10^-6 Torr. Structural modifications of the-carbon nanotubes due to microwave absorption have been studied using the Raman spectroscopy G-band and D-band intensities, which suggest that microwave irradiation at relatively low pressure results in an increase in nanotube defects, especially in the case of the long nanotubes. Furthermore, a comparison of the spectra of the radiation emitted from the nanotubes suggests that the longer nanotubes emitted radiation of much greater intensity than the shorter nanotubes. Based on the results of the experiments and results described in previous reports, the ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation emitted as the result of microwave absorption by carbon nanotubes seems to be primarily blackbody radiation emitted due to Joule heating. However, the presence of several broad photopeaks in the spectra of the emitted radiation (which do not seem to be related to gases absorbed by the nanotubes or the presence of catalyst particles) suggest that emissions are not the result of Joule heating alone.
White matter integrity is associated with CSF markers of AD in normal adults

We explored whether white matter (WM) integrity in cognitively normal (CN) older adults is associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Twenty CN older adults underwent lumbar puncture and magnetic resonance imaging within a few days of each other. Analysis of diffusion tensor imaging data involved a priori region of interest (ROI) and voxelwise approaches. The ROI results revealed a positive correlation between CSF measures of amyloid-beta (A β 42 and A β 42 /p-Tau 181 ) and WM integrity in the fornix, a relationship which persisted after controlling for hippocampal volume and fornix volume. Lower WM integrity in the same portion of the fornix was also associated with reduced performance on the Digit Symbol test. Subsequent exploratory voxelwise analyses indicated a positive correlation between CSF A β 42 /p-Tau 181 and WM integrity in bilateral portions of the fornix, superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and in the corpus callosum and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus. Our results link lower WM microstructural integrity in CN older adults with CSF biomarkers of AD and suggest that this association in the fornix may be independent of volumetric measures.
AUDIT SOURCE 3 . 1 . SHONLAU ’ S STANDARD TRUNCATED COMMAND SEQUENCES

Masqueraders are a category of intruders who impersonate other people on a computer system and use this entry point to use the information stored in the systems or throw other attacks into the network. This paper focuses on Ensemble Design of a Masquerader Detection System using Decision trees and Support Vector Machines for classification with two kernel functions linear and linear BSpline. The key idea is to find out specific patterns of command sequence that tells about user behaviour on a system, and use them to build classifiers that can perfectly recognize anomalous and normal behaviour. Real time truncated command line data set collected from a debian Linux server is used for performance comparison of the developed classifiers with the standard truncated command line data set of Schonlau[4]. The results show that Ensemble Design of Masquerader Detection Systems is much faster than individual Decision trees or Support Vector Machines.
The role of disseminative capacity in knowledge sharing: which model can be applied to SMEs?

The development of organizational capacities is a source of competitive advantage, and particularly the sharing of the components of intra-organizational knowledge. By choosing a relational viewpoint, the authors find that an organization’s ability to disseminate knowledge is closely linked to its ability to develop and activate networks for sharing and collaboration in addressing issues of change. By favoring the approach of Büchel and Raub (2002), emphasis is placed on the linkages between three of the components of networks for sharing and disseminating knowledge, namely issues, mechanisms, and relationships, but in the context of large-scale organizations. Can this model be applied to SMEs? Will we find the same components, combined in the same way? The authors show that not only the relational approach excellently fits for an SME, precisely because of the SME’s organic nature, but that it offers a credible alternative to Büchel and Raub’s model by suggesting a different distribution of the initial components.
How to differentiate between different customer activities during the various statistical features from the CSI values ?

Customer’s product preference provides how a customer collects products or prefers one collection over another. Understanding customer’s product preference can provide retail store owner and librarian valuable insight to adjust products and service. Current solutions offer a certain convenience over common approaches such as questionnaire and interviews. However, they either require video surveillance or need wearable sensor which are usually invasive or limited to additional device. Recently, researchers have exploited physical layer information of wireless signals for robust device-free human detection, ever since Channel State Information (CSI) was reported on commodity WiFi devices. Despite of a significant amount of progress achieved, there are few works studying customer’s product preference. In this paper, we propose a customer’s product preference analysis system, PreFi, based on Commercial OffThe-Shelf (COTS) WiFi-enabled devices. The key insight of PreFi is to extract the variance features of the fine-grained time-series CSI, which is sensitively affected by customer activity, to recognize what is the customer doing. First, we conduct Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to smooth the preprocessed CSI values since general denoising method is insufficient in removing the bursty and impulse noises. Second, a sliding window-based feature extraction method and majority voting scheme are adopted to compare the distribution of activity profiles to identify different activities. We prototype our system on COTS WiFi-enabled devices and extensively evaluate it in typical indoor scenarios. The results indicate that PreFi can recognize a few representative customer activity with satisfied accuracy and robustness.
Blasts and shocks in the disc of NGC 4258

We present integral field spectroscopic observations of the central region of the active galaxy NGC 4258 obtained with the fibre IFU system INTEGRAL. We have been able to detect cold neutral gas by means of the interstellar NaD doublet absorption and to trace its distribution and kinematics with respect to the underlying disc. The neutral gas is blueshifted with projected velocities in the 120-370 km s(-1) range. We have also detected peculiar kinematics in part of the ionized gas in this region by means of a careful kinematic decomposition. The bipolar spatial distribution of the broader component is roughly coincident with the morphology of the X-ray diffuse emission. The kinematics of this gas can be explained in terms of expansion at very high (projected) velocities of up to 300 km s(-1). The observations also reveal the existence of a strip of neutral gas, parallel to the major kinematic axis, that is nearly coincident with a region of very high [S II]/H alpha ratio tracing the shocked gas. Our observations are consistent with the jet model presented by Wilson, Yang & Cecil in which a cocoon originating from the nuclear jet is shocking the gas in the galaxy disc. Alternatively, our observations are also consistent with the bipolar hypershell model of Sofue and Sofue & Vogler. On balance, we prefer the latter model as the most likely explanation for the puzzling features of this peculiar object.
Immunopathology and Infectious Diseases Spontaneous Autoimmune Dacryoadenitis in Aged CD 25 KO Mice

From the Ocular Surface Center,* the Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; the School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; and the Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., Irvine, California
Annual Review of Vision Science Linking V 1 Activity to Behavior

A long-term goal of visual neuroscience is to develop and test quantitative models that account for the moment-by-moment relationship between neural responses in early visual cortex and human performance in natural visual tasks. This review focuses on efforts to address this goal by measuring and perturbing the activity of primary visual cortex (V1) neurons while nonhuman primates perform demanding, well-controlled visual tasks. We start by describing a conceptual approach—the decoder linking model (DLM) framework—in which candidate decoding models take neural responses as input and generate predicted behavior as output. The ultimate goal in this framework is to find the actual decoder—the model that best predicts behavior from neural responses. We discuss key relevant properties of primate V1 and review current literature from the DLM perspective. We conclude by discussing major technological and theoretical advances that are likely to accelerate our understanding of the link between V1 activity and behavior.
, Pedro Ferreira de apnoea : a randomized comparison of two different programmes Effects of home-based exercise training for patients with chronic heart failure and sleep

Objective: To evaluate the effects of home-based exercise for patients with chronic heart failure and sleep apnoea and to compare two different training programmes. Design: A randomized, prospective controlled trial. Setting: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Brazil. Subjects: Fifty chronic heart failure patients with sleep apnoea were randomized in three groups: Group 1 (aerobic training, n1⁄4 18), Group 2 (aerobic with strength training, n1⁄4 18), and Group 3 (untrained, n1⁄4 14). Interventions: The training programme for Groups 1 and 2 began with three supervised exercise sessions, after they underwent three months of home-based exercise. Patients were followed by weekly telephone call and were reviewed monthly. Group 3 had the status of physical activity evaluated weekly by interview to make sure they remained untrained. Main outcome measures: At baseline and after three months: cardiopulmonary exercise testing, isokinetic strength and endurance, Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire and polysomnography. Adherence was evaluated weekly. Results: Of the 50 patients enrolled in the study, 45 completed the programme. Clinical events: Group 1 (one death), Group 2 (one myocardial infarction), Group 3 (one death and two strokes). None were São Paulo Federal University, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil Corresponding author: Denise Maria Servantes, São Paulo Federal University, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil Email: dmsfisio@yahoo.com. br Clinical Rehabilitation
Storing , analysing , and sharing data

High-throughput sequencing technologies have rapidly moved from large international sequencing centres to individual laboratory benchtops. These changes have driven the ‘data deluge’ of modern biology. Submissions of nucleotide sequences to GenBank, for example, have doubled in size every year since 1982, and individual data sets now frequently reach terabytes in size. While ‘big data’ present exciting opportunities for scientific discovery, data analysis skills are not part of the typical wet bench biologist’s experience. Knowing what to do with data, how to visualize and analyse them, make predictions, and test hypotheses are important barriers to success. Many researchers also lack adequate capacity to store and share these data, creating further bottlenecks to effective collaboration between groups and institutes. The US National Science Foundationfunded iPlant Collaborative was established in 2008 to form part of the data collection and analysis pipeline and help alleviate the bottlenecks associated with the big data challenge in plant science. Leveraging the power of high-performance computing facilities, iPlant provides free-to-use cyberinfrastructure to enable terabytes of data storage, improve analysis, and facilitate collaborations. To help train UK plant science researchers to use the iPlant platform and understand how it can be exploited to further research, GARNet organized a four-day Data mining with iPlant workshop at Warwick University in September 2013. This report provides an overview of the workshop, and highlights the power of the iPlant environment for lowering barriers to using complex bioinformatics resources, furthering discoveries in plant science research and providing a platform for education and outreach programmes.
Alterations in Unmedicated chizophrenia Patients : Relevance for Delusions lorian Schlagenhauf

ethods: Fifteen unmedicated patients with schizophrenia (8 drug-naive and 7 drug-free for at least 3 months) and 15 ageand ender-matched healthy control participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate neural responses to eedback of (successful vs. unsuccessful) monetary gain or avoidance of loss. Functional connectivity was assessed between the medial refrontal cortex (MPFC) and ventral striatum (VS), brain areas known to be activated by feedback of reward and loss.
Single ‐ stage surgery for Blepharophimosis syndrome

2. Sarihan H, Mocan H, Yildiz K, Abes M, Akyazici R. A new treatment with bleomycin for complicated cutaneous hemangioma in children. Eur J Pediatr Surg 1997;7:158-62. 3. Luo QF, Zhao FY. The effects of Bleomycin A5 on infantile maxillofacial haemangioma. Head Face Med 2011;7:11. 4. Luo Q, Zhao F. How to use bleomycin A5 for infantile maxillofacial haemangiomas: Clinical evaluation of 82 consecutive cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011;39:482-6. 5. Yang Y, Sun M, Cheng X, Hu X, Zhang P, Ma Q, et al. Bleomycin A5 plus dexamethasone for control of growth in infantile parotid hemangiomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:62-9. 6. Holmes WJ, Mishra A, Gorst C, Liew SH. Propranolol as first-line treatment for rapidly proliferating infantile haemangiomas. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2011;64:445-51.