Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Did Aerosols over China Peak in the 1990s

Abstract Annual emission trends of sulfur dioxide, black carbon, and organic carbon are presented for East Asia for the period 1980-2000. Emissions of sulfur dioxide peaked in about 1996, and emissions of the carbonaceous aerosols peaked in about 1994-1995, due to a variety of economic, environmental, and social forces. These emissions are converted to their contributions to aerosol optical depth (AOD) over East Asia, using regional results from the GOCART global simulation model. We calculate that, on average, AOD over China rose from a value of 0.25 in 1980, peaked at a value of about 0.305 in 1995-1996, and then decreased to about 0.29 in 2000. This trend is consistent with surface shortwave irradiance measurements at 52 weather stations in China, as well as with other radiation-related trends. It may also be consistent with a rise in mean surface temperatures in China starting about the middle of the 1990s. 1. Introduction Weather records in China for the second half of the 20
Unipolar PWM Using TAR Reference forImproved Performance of New Structure MLI

This paper presents a new structure of multilevel inverter. Multilevel inverter is triggered by using Unipolar Pulse Width Modulating (UPWM) strategies using Trapezoidal Amalgamated Rectangular (TAR) reference with triangular carriers. The performance measures like Crest Factor (CF), Distortion Factor (DF), Form Factor (FF), VRMS (fundamental) and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) are evaluated for various PWM strategy and different modulation indices. Simulation is performed by using MATLAB-SIMULINK
Multiple-Gate Tunneling Field Effect Transistors with sub-60mV/dec Subthreshold Slope

Complementary Multiple-Gate Tunneling Field Effect Transistors (MuGTFETs), implemented in a MuGFET technology [1] compatible with standard CMOS-processing, are fabricated and characterized. Measured devices show a point slope of 46mV/dec at low biases and an Ion/Ioff ratio of 10 at a supply voltage of 1.2V. A dependence of the tunneling current on the fin width is reported and discussed for the first time. The impact of the gate length and temperature are also presented.
Comparison of and Demarcation between Selected Economic Minor Offences and Economic Criminal Offences

Purpose: In the article, we are discussing demarcations between selected economic minor offences and selected economic criminal offences: Fraud in Securities Trading; Abuse of Insider Information; Disclosure and Unauthorised Acquisition of Trade Secrets. By now, this topic has been given virtually no attention in legal literature. Criminal law theory has mainly addressed only the question of which criteria to use in order to recognise criminal offences amongst all unlawful actions, while on the other hand, law of minor offences has generally focused strictly on less serious unlawful actions. However, in practice, a certain action can sometimes correspond to the definition of both a criminal offence and a minor offence. Consequently, it is of the essence that the statutory elements of a particular unlawful action are precisely defined and clearly demarcated. Only this can ensure legal certainty that should be guaranteed to everyone already on the basis of the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia. A problem arises if the statutory elements of a criminal offence and a minor offence completely overlap, which leads to legal uncertainty.
Financialaccess and Household Welfare: Evidence from Mauritania

This paper evaluates the impact of access to credit from banks and other financial institutions on household welfare in Mauritania. Micro-level data from a 2014 household survey are used to evaluate the relationship between credit access, a range of household characteristics, and welfare indicators. To address potential endogeneity issues, the household isolation level is used to instrument access to credit. The results show that households headed by older, more educated people are more likely to access financial services, as are households located in urban areas. In addition, greater financial access appears to be associated with a reduced dependence on household production and increased investment in human capital.
A GOAL QUESTION METRIC (GQM) APPROACH FOR EVALUATING INTERACTION DESIGN PATTERNS IN DRAWING GAMES FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest to use smart devices’ drawing games for educational benefit. In Indonesia, our government classifies children age four to six years old as preschool children. Not all preschool children can use drawing games easily. Further, drawing games may not fulfill all Indonesia's preschool children’s drawing competencies. This research proposes to use Goal-Question Metric (GQM) to investigate and evaluate interaction design patterns of preschool children in order to achieve the drawing competencies for preschool children in two drawing Android-based games: Belajar Menggambar (in English: Learn to Draw) and Coret: Belajar Menggambar (in English: Scratch: Learn to Draw). We collected data from nine students of a preschool children education in a user research. The results show that GQM can assist to evaluate interaction design patterns in achieving the drawing competencies. Our approach can also yield interaction design patterns by comparing interaction design patterns in two drawing games used.
Effect of selection for productive traits in broiler male lines on embryo development

This study used 300 females and 30 males with 36 weeks of age from the selected PP and control PPc maternal broiler lines. PP has been selected for heavy body weight (PC) and high egg production for eight generations. Fertile eggs were collected and weighed individually for 4 periods of 5 consecutive days at two-week intervals. In each period, a total of 960 eggs/line were identified and separated in groups of 240 eggs, and stored for later incubation. Embryo weight (PE) was evaluated at 9 (P9), 11 (P11), 13 (P13), 15 (P15), 17 (P17) and 21 (P21) days of incubation. The objective was to estimate the effect of selection on embryo development. Egg weight (PO) was similar between the two lines. The differences in PE were significant from P15 on, resulting in 1.9g of difference in the chick weight, indicating correlated genetic changes in the embryo development, which can be credited to the selection for PC. Changes in PE while PO was kept unaltered modified the correlations between these two traits. Differences were significant from P13 on and estimated correlations for P21 were 0.72 and 0.70 for PP and PPc, respectively. Chick weight corresponded to 70.91% (PP) and 68.48% (PPc) of egg weight. The estimated increase in P21 that resulted from the increase of 1.0g in PO was 0.71 in PP and 0.68g in PPc.
Four Classifiers Used in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery for Petroleum Exploration and Development

The application of data mining and knowledge discovery in databases for petroleum exploration and development (PED but Case 2 shows that the results of only SVM have zero residuals, while BAYD, BPNN and MRA have unallowable residuals. The reasons are: a) since the two cases are nonlinear problems, the linear MRA is not applicable; b) since the nonlinearity of Case 1 is weak, the nonlinear BAYD, BPNN and SVM are applicable; and c) since the nonlinearity of Case 2 is strong, only nonlinear SVM is applicable. Therefore, it is proposed that: we can adopt MRA when a problem is linear; adopt BAYD, BPNN, or SVM when a problem is weakly nonlinear; and adopt only SVM when a problem is strongly nonlinear. In addition, the predictions of the applicable classifiers coincide with real exploration results, and a commercial gas trap was discovered after the forecast in Case 1 and SVM can correct some erroneous well-log interpretations in Case 2. Key words: Multiple regression analysis; Bayesian discrimination; Back-propagation neural network; Support vector machine; Trap quality evaluation; Oil identification
Electrolytic Phase Extraction in Stabilised Austenitic Cast Steel

The study discusses the choice of electrolytes and current parameters used in the anodic polarisation-based process of electrolytic extraction, applied in order to isolate the phases which precipitate in creep-resistant 0.3C-30Ni-18Cr cast steel during annealing. The conditions of the extraction process were evaluated, taking into consideration the effectiveness of this extraction and the results of an X-ray phase analysis of the isolates.
Feral pigs facilitate hyperpredation by golden eagles and indirectly cause the decline of the island fox

Introduced species can compete with, prey upon or transmit disease to native forms, resulting in devastation of indigenous communities. A more subtle but equally severe effect of exotic species is as a supplemental food source for predators that allows them to increase in abundance and then overexploit native prey species. Here we show that the introduction of feral pigs (Sus scrofa) to the California Channel Islands has sustained an unnaturally large breeding population of golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), a native predator. The resulting increase in predation on the island fox (Urocyon littoralis) has caused the near extirpation of three subspecies of this endemic carnivore. Foxes evolved on the islands over the past 20,000 years, pigs were introduced in the 1850s and golden eagles, historically, were only transient visitors. Although these three species have been sympatric for the past 150 years, this predator‐prey interaction is a recent phenomenon, occurring within the last decade. We hypothesize that this interaction ultimately stems from human‐induced perturbations to the island, mainland and surrounding marine environments.
Evaluation of ALADIN-CAMx and WRF/Chem operational air quality forecasts: first results

Two modelling approaches, with ALADIN-CAMx modelling system and with WRF/Chem model, have been setup for operational air quality forecast over Slovenia and the neighbouring countries. Both modelling systems started to run operationally in year 2013. ALADIN-CAMx and WRF/Chem models use data from the same anthropogenic emission databases, but differ in most other aspects. In the present contribution both modelling systems are described and the first preliminary results of model evaluation are presented. An extensive validation and verification will be performed in the coming months.
Method for maneuvering target video frequency tracking based on inductive factor of posture information

A method for maneuvering target tracking based on inductive factor of posture information is proposed. A distinguished characteristic of video frequency tracking is that it can capture the target posture changes from its picture easily, and the posture change means the motive model of the target will change. This information is very important to predict the trace of maneuvering target. Based on this idea, the quantified values of the target posture change are obtained using Hough algorithm, this key values are defined as inductive factor of posture information, and then, the multiple grey trace predict models are established and the degrees of fuzzy subordinate values for every model are calculated with the inductive factor, the maneuvering extent values are determined by a new analysis method of stochastic differential equations for each model used to modify the degree of fuzzy subordinate values, these constitute the weighted values for every grey predict collection. Finally, the synthesis predicting weighted result is obtained. The experimental results show that the new method is superior to the conventional algorithm.
Haar Wavelet Method to Spectral Analysis Continuous Wavelet Transform 1D Using Whistle Sound to Position of Dolphins (Tursiops aduncus)

In wavelet method have a wavelet transform is a signal processing technique was developed as a method to obtain simultaneous, have high resolution frequency and time. Mother wavelet have one method with namely haar wavelet, haar wavelet had become an effective tool for solving many problems arising in many branches of sciences. Haar wavelet functions have been used since year at 1910. It was introduced by the Hungarian mathematician Alfred Haar. This article discuss about signal processing with haar wavelet (continuous wavelet transform) using whistle sound and position of dolphins. Results of modulus of Ca, b Coefficients-Coloration init mode + scale, demonstrating the maximum yield that is in the frequency of 4.1 kHz-5.9 kHz with the brightest colors, and need for the process of de-noising 1D to a level that is more, such as level 10. In this article indicates a change in position dolphins to signal that it generates, and proved this by using the haar wavelet analysis on a dependent threshold level. haar wavelet analysis on a dependent threshold level. Retained energy is 65, 87%-zeros 87, 01% in original and compressed signal with haar wavelet using dolphins whistle sound, Equations or methods used in this article is very effective to remove noise from whistle sound of dolphins.
Improved Target Detection in Urban Structures Using Distributed Sensing and Fast Data Acquisition Techniques

Abstract : We introduce detection techniques of targets behind walls and inside enclosed structures. These techniques rely on the intensity histogram distinctions between targets and clutter and perform iterative thresholding to achieve desirable probabilities of detection and false alarm. We propose wall clutter mitigation techniques based on wall strong specular reflection as compared to target diffuse multipath characteristics. Multipath exploitation techniques are developed to eliminate ghosts and increase target to clutter ratio. Fast data acquisition is performed by reducing frequencies and thinning the synthesized aperture. Compressive sensing methods are applied to provide situation awareness of sparse scenes using significantly reduced data.
A dynamic subgrid‐scale eddy viscosity model

One major drawback of the eddy viscosity subgrid‐scale stress models used in large‐eddy simulations is their inability to represent correctly with a single universal constant different turbulent fields in rotating or sheared flows, near solid walls, or in transitional regimes. In the present work a new eddy viscosity model is presented which alleviates many of these drawbacks. The model coefficient is computed dynamically as the calculation progresses rather than input a priori. The model is based on an algebraic identity between the subgrid‐scale stresses at two different filtered levels and the resolved turbulent stresses. The subgrid‐scale stresses obtained using the proposed model vanish in laminar flow and at a solid boundary, and have the correct asymptotic behavior in the near‐wall region of a turbulent boundary layer. The results of large‐eddy simulations of transitional and turbulent channel flow that use the proposed model are in good agreement with the direct simulation data.
CD146 expression, as a surrogate biomarker for human mesenchymal stromal cell multilineage differentiation, is preserved during cell expansion in an automated hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (also known as mesenchymal stem cells, hMSCs) are currently being evaluated in a number of clinical trials including those for graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune disease, bone regeneration, wound repair, and other cartilage, liver, kidney, and lung disorders. In biopharmaceutical development and production, the ex vivo expansion of human mesenchymal stromal cells is frequently evaluated through trilineage differentiation assays. This approach requires 2 to 4 weeks of manual effort to complete following the induction of adherent heterogeneous cell populations and it lacks quantification. The development of a more efficient and quantifiable measure of potential differentiation can be helpful in characterizing both MSC-based translational and manufacturing processes. Methods and Findings: We have evaluated the expression of CD146, a surface biomarker, on actively growing hMSCs in the automated Quantum® Cell Expansion System bioreactor. Specifically, an index of CD146+ median fluorescence intensity (MFI), as measured by flow cytometry during automated cell culturing and subsequent differentiation with respect to cell doublings, provides information for the qualification of MSCs. We demonstrate here that CD146 expression is well above the biomarker expression levels observed in lineage-committed, confluent, or differentiated hMSCs by 2- to 34-fold. Our results show that CD146 expression is high at hMSC harvest and then decreases with lineage differentiation. Moreover, we show that CD146 is expressed across multiple (4) passages out to 27 population doublings and gradually decreases. A similar trend in CD146 expression was observed in cells with various types of bioreactor fibronectin coating agents and fetal bovine serum (FBS)-supplemented media across multiple passages. Conclusion: hMSCs expanded with the combination of a human-platelet-derived cryoprecipitate (hCPPT)-coated bioreactor and human platelet lysate (hPL)-supplemented media show an increase in CD146 expression across 3 passages. In a comparison of conservative, moderate (control), and aggressive feeding schedules, the moderate feeding schedule generated hMSCs with the highest CD146 expression. Additionally, bioreactor coating agents, such as platelet-derived cryoprecipitate, can facilitate the preservation of CD146 expression during hMSC expansion where MFI indexes are increased to 400-fold above unstained cells through 23.8 population doublings. Furthermore, the hollow-fiber membrane (HFM) bioreactor system, with a programmable gas transfer module (GTM), demonstrates a capability to maintain normoxia (5%-18% O2), which is known to support CD146 upregulation.
A Methodology for Automated Pellet size Distribution in a Pellet Mill

In this work the feasibility of pellet size distribution using images captured from the operator’s sight glass of the moving pellet bed using a standard digital camera is investigated. The pellet size distribution is determined using a bespoke circle detection program which is able to fit circles to pellet edges, neural networks are used to match predicted distributions to actual distributions and discrete element modelling is used to create a large quantity of rendered images with known distributions for network training. The results show that the circle detection algorithm is able to find a high percentage of pellets in an image and find their sizes. Neural networks are then able to use the predicted pellet size distributions to give a good prediction of the actual distributions and are able to account for segregation effects in the pellet beds. This demonstrates that an online pellet sizing scheme is feasible in nickel pellet production.
Nonlinear filtering for low-velocity gaseous microflows

Gaseous flows in microfluidic devices are often characterized by relatively high Knudsen numbers. For such flows, the continuum approximation is not valid, and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) is an appropriate solution. However, for low-velocity flows, where the fluid velocity is much smaller than the mean molecular velocity, large statistical fluctuations in the solution mean that the features of the flow may be obscured by noise in the solution. In this paper, we evaluate a method for numerically simulating low velocity microflows, in which we use a high-order, nonlinear monotone convection algorithm as a filter to extract the solution from the noisy DSMC calculation. We test the filtering method on a high-velocity microchannel flow problem, for which we know the correct DSMC solution, and show that the filtered and correct DSMC solutions are qualitatively similar and follow the same trends. We then apply the filter to a low-velocity microchannel flow and compare the results with an analytical cont.
Tuning the structural and optical properties of gold/silver nanoalloys prepared by laser ablation in liquids for ultra-sensitive spectroscopy and optical trapping

The plasmon resonance of metallic Au/Ag alloys in the colloidal state was tuned from 400 nm to 500 nm using a laser irradiated technique, performed directly in the liquid state. Interesting optical nonlinearities, trapping effects and spectroscopic enhancements were detected as function of gold concentration in the nanoalloys. In particular a reduction of the limiting threshold was observed by increasing the gold amount. The SERS activity of the Au/Ag alloys was tested in liquid and in solid state in presence of linear carbon chains as probe molecules. The dependence of the increased Raman signals on the nanoparticle Au/Ag atomic ratio is presented and discussed. Finally preliminary studies and prospects for optical and Raman tweezers experiments are discussed.
A study on the impact of workplace environment on employee’s performance: with reference to the Brandix Intimate Apparel - Awissawella

In the current era of highly volatile business environment, organizations are facing emerging achieving operational excellence with the intention to offer a competitive advantage and secure lasting results for their customers. The most crucial factor that affects the organization performance is its employee since human resources are considered as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. The workplace environment gives an immense impact to the employees either towards the negative outcomes or positive outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify the impact of workplace environment on the employee’s performance. The study has utilized primary data and a sample of size 85 has chosen in accordance the Morgan approach of sample selection including both managerial and non managerial employees from Brandix Intimate Apparel- Awissawella through the proportionate sampling technique, using already developed questionnaire. Multiple Regression Model has been utilized as the main data analyzing technique. The survey results revealed that the job aids, supervisory support and physical work environment as positively influential for the employee’s performance and job aid as the most critical predictor. Implications of the findings and recommendations are offered. KEYWORDS: Employee’s Performance, Job Aids, Supervisor Support, Physical Work Environment