Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neurobiology of social reward valuation in adults with a history of anorexia nervosa

Objective Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a disorder characterized by atypical patterns of reward valuation (e.g. positive valuation of hunger). Atypical reward processing may extend into social domains. If so, such findings would be of prognostic significance as impaired social functioning predicts worse outcome. We explore neural circuits implicated in social reward processing in individuals with a history of AN who are weight-restored relative to controls and examine the effects of illness course on the experience of social value. Method 20 weight-restored individuals with a history of AN (AN-WR) and 24 healthy control (HC) participants were assessed using fMRI tasks that tapped social reward: smiling faces and full human figures that varied in attractiveness and weight. Results AN-WR differed from HC in attractiveness ratings by weight (negatively correlated in AN-WR). While there were no significant differences when viewing smiling faces, viewing full figures resulted in decreased activation in regions implicated in reward valuation (the right caudate) for AN-WR and this region was negatively correlated with a sustained course of the disorder. Exploratory whole brain analyses revealed reduced activation in regions associated with social reward, self-referential processing, and cognitive reappraisal (e.g., medial prefrontal cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens) with sustained disorder course. Discussion The rewarding value of full body images decreases with a sustained disorder course. This may reflect an extension of atypical reward processing documented in AN-WR, perhaps as a function of starvation dampening visceral motivational signals; the deployment of cognitive strategies that lessen the experience of reward; and/or the nature of the stimuli themselves as provocative of eating disorder symptoms (e.g., thin bodies). These findings did not extend to smiling face stimuli. Advances in technology (e.g., virtual avatars, text messaging) may provide novel means to build relationships, including therapeutic relationships, to support improved social connections without threats to symptom provocation.
Characterizing subpixel variability of low resolution radiometer derived soil moisture using high resolution radar data

Soil moisture estimates obtained using passive remote sensing from satellite platforms often suffer from the drawback of coarse spatial resolution. In this current work, low resolution soil moisture estimates from passive remote sensing are fused with high resolution radar backscatter data to produce soil moisture change estimates at the spatial resolution of radar. More specifically, soil moisture estimated from AMSR‐E and TMI (separate cases) for a single 50 km × 50 km pixel has been fused with TRMM‐PR backscatter data at 5 km resolution to produce soil moisture change estimates at 5 km resolution. A brief sensitivity analysis has been presented as a baseline study for soil moisture sensitivity of TRMM‐PR backscatter. Soil moisture change estimates have been computed using a simple methodology and validated using in situ measurements from the Little Washita Micronet. It is seen that fusing radar data with radiometer soil moisture estimates leads to a better representation of the soil moisture variability within the radiometer pixel as compared to the baseline (radiometer estimate only) case where uniform subpixel distribution of soil moisture is assumed. The TMI/PR case performs better than the AMSR‐E/PR case indicating the need for temporally coincident radar radiometer observations for producing high resolution soil moisture change estimates.
Purchasing power parity in Central and Eastern European countries

This paper investigates the validity of the purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis for 13 Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) in transition. The results based on the seemingly unrelated regression ADF (SURADF) method reveal that the PPP relationship holds in 7(6) out of the 13 countries when the real exchange rate is based on US dollar (euro). Our empirical findings appear to support a long-run PPP in some of the transition countries that appears insensitive to the base country.
Role of Medium of Instruction on the Development of Cognitive Processes

The present study was designed to examine the effect of medium of instruction on the development of cognitive processes. For this purpose, a sample of 80 children, 40 each from grade IV (aged 8-9 years) and grade VI (aged 10-11 years) were selected. In each age group, 20 children were studying in an English medium school and the other 20 in an Odia medium school. All the children were administered two tests each of planning, attention, simultaneous, and successive processing. The data were statistically analyzed with the help of 2 (medium of instruction) X 2 (grade) Analyses of Variance. The results revealed significant main effects of medium of instruction for almost all the measures of cognitive processes suggesting higher performance level of the English medium school children in comparison to their Odia medium counterparts. The cognitive processes were found to be developmentally sensitive as evident from significant main effects of grade. The results were discussed within the framework of PASS model. Key Words: Attention, Bilingual education, English medium education, Odia medium education, Planning, Simultaneous processing, Successive processing
Steered molecular dynamics investigations of Na+ transport through cyclic peptide nanotube

In order to explore Na+ constrained in cyclic octa-peptide nanotube, {cyclo[(-D-Ala-L-Ala)4-]}10was selected as the model to investigate the mechanisms of cyclic peptide nanotube-mediated transmembrane transport of Na+ using steered molecular dynamics (SMD). Results show that Na+ adopt an leaping transport mode, and the leap distance is just the distance between neighboring rings. The transport speed of Na+ during the entire process is 0.00637 A /ps. The instantaneous speed is nearly zero at ring plane and it is 3.3-3.5 A/ps at inter ring. Na+ tends to stayed at the center axis of nanotube at the ring planes, and approaches to the side of the wall at the ring plane under the electrostatic interactions come from the nanotube.
Analysis of Quality Factors of Online Video Streaming Based on Measurement

Spark is a low-latency, distributed computing system for large data sets. Spark is compatible with Hadoop data sources, but about 100 times faster than MapReducer, and is particularly well suited for machine learning. Spark is still in the embryonic stage, not yet high-speed development, with the Spark1.0. 0 version of the release, marking the apache's top open source project Spark as a large data upstart, more and more attention by the IT industry will be widely used. Equipped with Spark platform and application of Spark to study the analysis of online video streaming media quality factors. This paper introduces the background knowledge of the research, and introduces and studies the composition and principle of Spark in detail. According to the needs of the experiment, the overall configuration of the platform is completed, its performance is verified, and its machine learning library is studied. First, we introduce the user requirements and architecture models of the widely accepted distributed file system in the industry. Then, the architecture of RDD is introduced. Finally, the relationship between the time of viewing video and the number of buffers is analyzed by KMeans machine learning algorithm, and the relationship of streaming media related factors is summarized. The platform used in the experiment is the Linux Ubuntu12.04LTS , the application is the Apache Spark platform. All the system preparation, debugging and testing are carried out in this experimental platform.
Quantification of Myocardial Blood Flow with 320-Row Multidetector CT perfusion imaging : Validation Study with

Any information contained in this pdf file is automatically generated from digital material submitted to EPOS by third parties in the form of scientific presentations. References to any names, marks, products, or services of third parties or hypertext links to thirdparty sites or information are provided solely as a convenience to you and do not in any way constitute or imply ECR's endorsement, sponsorship or recommendation of the third party, information, product or service. ECR is not responsible for the content of these pages and does not make any representations regarding the content or accuracy of material in this file. As per copyright regulations, any unauthorised use of the material or parts thereof as well as commercial reproduction or multiple distribution by any traditional or electronically based reproduction/publication method ist strictly prohibited. You agree to defend, indemnify, and hold ECR harmless from and against any and all claims, damages, costs, and expenses, including attorneys' fees, arising from or related to your use of these pages. Please note: Links to movies, ppt slideshows and any other multimedia files are not available in the pdf version of presentations. www.myESR. org
Results from 99 seawater RO membrane autopsies

AbstractThis paper presents results from ninety-nine seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) membrane autopsies carried out by the Genesys laboratory in Madrid from 2002 and outlines the technical issues surrounding fouling and scaling of sea water membranes. The authors discuss historical results of membrane autopsies and link recent trends and changes in plant design to potential fouling and scaling issues that may result in the future. Forty per cent of autopsies showed the presence of iron, 33% clay and 21% calcium and magnesium. The principle reason for membrane failure showed 27% was due to microbiological fouling, 19% were abraded, 18% oxidized, 12% of the samples showed metal oxide present as iron, manganese and aluminium. Scale formation from calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate and silica scale accounted for 8% of the membrane failures. Only 10% of the membranes were described as clean. There has been a trend over the last decade to increase recovery rates from 30% to 40–50%. This results in a greater con.
Change in Heavy Metals Concentrations
in Sediments Deposited in Retention Tanks
in a Stream after a Flood

Our paper presents the results of heavy metal (HM) (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) content in bottom sediments from retention tanks along Oliwa Stream in Gdansk, Poland, before a flood (BF) and after a flood (AF) 14-15 July 2016. The flood had a huge impact on the quality of bottom sediments and their displacement. The concentrations of HM differed significantly for research series conducted 3 months BF and 8 months AF. The concentration of Cu increased from 3.5 mg/kg to 88.8 mg/kg BF and from 12.1 mg/kg to 1,114.3 mg/kg AF, Zn from 27.4 mg/kg to 129.9 mg/kg BF; and 42.3 mg/kg to 244.8 mg/kg AF, Cd from 0.04 mg/kg to 0.47 mg/kg BF, and 0.08 mg/kg to 0.47 mg/kg AF. Also, the migration of some metals, mostly Cu to retention tanks located downstream, was observed, resulting from the washing away of sediments in the upper part of the stream. Since the stream inflows to the Gulf of Gdansk, urban flooding created a risk of migration of contaminants to the Baltic Sea.
A Relevance Model for Web Image Search

This article describes the construction of a relevance model for Web image search. Using custom image retrieval software, 24 textual queries were used to retrieve over 5800 images. Each image’s relevance to its query was evaluated by human raters. The Web documents containing these images were analyzed for the presence of text matching the query in each of 53 HTML features. Finally, logistic regression was used to construct the relevance model that best predicted the human ratings from the presence of matching text in HTML features. The resulting relevance model has a precision of over 65% when applied to our entire sample. It uses a total of thirteen HTML features with image filename and document title being the most important. A number of methodologic issues are discussed and suggestions for future research are made.
Evaluation of Multiple Forcing Data Sets for Precipitation and Shortwave Radiation over Mainland China

Precipitation and shortwave radiation play important roles in climatic, hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. Several global and regional forcing data sets currently provide historical estimates of these two variables over China, 15 including the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS) and the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset (CMFD). The CN05.1 precipitation data set, a gridded analysis based on CMA gauge observations, also provides high-resolution historical precipitation data for China. In this study, we present an inter-comparison of precipitation and shortwave radiation data from CN05.1, CMFD, CLDAS and GLDAS during 2008–2014. We also validate all four data sets against independent ground station observations. All four 20 forcing data sets capture the spatial distribution of precipitation over mainland China, although CLDAS indicates small annual-mean precipitation amounts than CN05.1, CMFD, or GLDAS. Time series of precipitation anomalies are largely consistent among the data sets, except for a sudden decrease in CMFD after August 2014. All forcing data indicate greater temporal variations relative to the mean in dry regions than in wet regions. Validation against independent precipitation observations provided by the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River 25 indicates that CLDAS provides the most realistic estimates of spatiotemporal variability in precipitation in this region. CMFD also performs well with respect to annual mean precipitation, while GLDAS fails to accurately capture much of the spatiotemporal variability and CN05.1 contains significant high biases relative to the MWR observations. Estimates of shortwave radiation from CMFD are largely consistent with station observations, while CLDAS and GLDAS greatly overestimate shortwave radiation. All three forcing data sets capture the key features of the spatial distribution, but estimates 30 from CLDAS and GLDAS are systematically higher than those from CMFD over most of mainland China. Based on our evaluation metrics, CLDAS slightly outperforms GLDAS. CLDAS is also closer than GLDAS to CMFD with respect to temporal variations in shortwave radiation anomalies, with substantial differences among the time series. Differences in temporal variations are especially pronounced south of 34°N. Our findings provide valuable guidance for a variety of stakeholders, including land-surface modellers and data providers. 35
Molecular Characterization of FLT 3 Mutations in Acute Leukemia Patients

The fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is primarily expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow lymph nodes and thymus and is the part of the class III receptor tyrosine kinase (Peng et al., 2008). The FLT3 governs a significant role in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic malignancies (Stirewalt and Radich, 2003). The FLT3 protein is highly expressed almost 100% in most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and in up to 50% of malignant blasts in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (Turner et al., 1996). Incidence rate of internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations of the FLT3 gene has been described in about 20% of the patients suffering from adult AML (Abu-Duhier et al., 2000) and a lower incidence rate (5%-16.5%) has been found in patients suffering from childhood leukemia (Meshinchi et al., 2001). Recently, it was reported that FLT3 mutations were commonly
UNM Digital Repository UNM Digital Repository Dimensionless invariants for the optimal size (age) of sex change Dimensionless invariants for the optimal size (age) of sex change

Optimization models have been widely and successfully used in evolutionary ecology to predict the attributes of organisms; perhaps the greatest quantitative success is in the area of sex allocation (sex ratio, sperm versus eggs for hermaphrodites, time as a male [female] for a sex changer), where the fact of having only one mother and one father makes Darwinian ﬁ tness a simple product of gain-via-male times gain-via-female. Previous work on sex change used the maximization of this male–female product to successfully predict the direction and age (size) for sex change, and that age has been shown to imply a breeding sex ratio biased towards the ﬁ rst sex. This paper unites recent advances in the comparative demography of organisms with indeterminant growth with the theory of optimal sex change to predict some new invariance rules for the relative age (size) of sex change. One of these rules is strikingly con ﬁ rmed in a long-term study of the size-at-sex-change in the northern shrimp, Pandalus borealis , o ﬀ Iceland.
The Use of Modal Testing within Nuclear Weapon Dismantlement Verification

The technical verification of a possible future nuclear arms control agreement is a complex challenge for technology developers. The focus of this article is on the use of modal testing techniques as a method for maintaining a chain of custody over containerized treaty accountable items (TAI) and monitoring equipment. Modal testing is a specialized form of resonant vibration analysis often used for the purpose of structural identification, condition monitoring, and damage detection. From a chain of custody perspective, it was postulated that a modal vibration signature might be used to identify a particular treaty accountable container or container/object system, or provide evidence of tampering. This article considers the advantages and disadvantages of modal testing as a potential chain of custody tool. Experimental results are discussed relating to deployment, tamper indication, unique identification and data analysis methodology.
Horse mussel reef ecosystem services: evidence for a whelk nursery habitat supporting a shellfishery

ABSTRACT Demonstrating the benefits that marine ecosystems provide to society can support marine spatial planning and enhance the protection of fragile, biodiverse habitats. However, the importance of ecosystem services provided by such habitats is rarely accounted for in spatial management due to a lack of detailed information. The present study investigated the ‘habitat provision’ ecosystem service delivered by horse mussel (Modiolus modiolus (L.)) reefs, a ‘Priority Marine Habitat’ in the NE Atlantic. By working with local fishers, the abundance and demographics of commercially important whelks (Buccinum undatum) were examined. B. undatum catches were three times higher on reef sites and a greater number of smaller individuals were caught on the reefs compared to off-reef habitats. We therefore show that these productive and physically complex mussel reefs are important feeding and nursery areas for whelks, demonstrating the ‘essential fish habitat’ value of the now rare M. modiolus reefs. The results are discussed in the context of marine spatial planning and the potential for historically more widespread shellfish habitats to have been capable of providing substantial ecosystem services.
A Comparison of Methods to Improve TCP Performance over Wireless Networks

TCP was initially designed for use of wired networks. In recent years, TCP suffers challenges in the heterogeneous network because of the different features of wired and wireless links. Some solutions are proposed to enhance TCP performance over the heterogeneous network. These approaches can be classified into three basic groups: link layer proposals, splitconnection and end-to-end proposals. In this paper, the strengths and weaknesses of proposed proposals are discussed. Moreover, the observations about discussed proposals are concluded by listing important characteristics. This paper could contribute for future research of wireless TCP.
Comprehensive Characterization of Lignocellulosic Fruit Fibers Reinforced Hybrid Polyester Composites

This work is focused to fabricate and characterize hybrid polyester composites containing equal weight percentages of lignocellulosic fruit fibers namely Cocos nucifera and Luffa cylindrica . Samples with four different compositions (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) containing random fiber orientation are fabricated using handlayup technique and their effect on the flexural strength and impact strength is studied and compared with their individual counterparts. Enhanced mechanical properties are obtained when the combined weight percentage of both fibers is 30% by weight. This hybrid composite sample is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Thermogravimetric analysis. Surface morphology of the fractured sample with elemental analysis is studied using scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays. FTIR peaks confirm the presence of biopolymers cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The thermogram confirms the presence of lignin, an amorphous hydrophobic biopolymer with strong intermolecular, intramolecular hydrogen bond and cross linking of the molecules requiring more energy to breakdown resulting in good thermal stability of the hybrid composites around 200°C. Elemental analysis gives O/C ratio of 0.45 corroborating the lignin presence at the surface.
ROLE OF CONDUCTION IN THE GENESIS OF ALTERNANS OF ACTION POTENTIAL DURATION IN A SIMULATED ONE DIMENSIONAL FIBER

OF THESIS ROLE OF CONDUCTION IN THE GENESIS OF ALTERNANS OF ACTION POTENTIAL DURATION IN A SIMULATED ONE DIMENSIONAL FIBER Ventricular fibrillation is one of the leading causes for Sudden Cardiac Death and is characterized by multiple activation wavefronts. Multiple activation wavefronts originate from a reentrant circuit which requires the presence of a unidirectional block in the path of a propagating excitation wave. It has been proposed that at the cellular level beat to beat alternation in the action potential duration at rapid pacing rates can result in a conduction block. Various mechanisms have been postulated to show the mechanisms of alternans. We use simulated activation in a one dimensional tissue fiber to show the existence of a new mechanism via which alternans can result. We used a new pacing protocol to eliminate alternans at the pacing site, and thus eliminating restitution of action potential duration at this site to reveal existence of alternans down the fiber. Effects on alternans of manipulations of specific ionic currents such as the sodium current (INa), calcium current (ICaL), potassium current (Ikr) and of the diffusion co-efficient (Dx) which simulates reduced expression of connexin 43 were determined. Decrease in sodium conductance, i.e. in excitability by half caused the alternans to occur at the pacing site itself even though APD restitution was eliminated. An increase or decrease in calcium current (ICaL) eliminated alternans throughout the fiber. The use of a novel pacing approach in investigation of alternans, as in this study, furthers our understanding of the mechanism of alternans and may prove helpful in the development of better anti-arrhythmic drugs in the future.
Algorithms of Confidence Intervals of WG Distribution Based on Progressive Type-II Censoring Samples

The purpose of this article offers different algorithms of Weibull Geometric (WG) distribution estimation depending on the progressive Type II censoring samples plan, spatially the joint confidence intervals for the parameters. The approximate joint confidence intervals for the parameters, the approximate confidence regions and percentile bootstrap intervals of confidence are discussed, and several Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques are also presented. The parts of mean square error (MSEs) and credible intervals lengths, the estimators of Bayes depend on non-informative implement more effective than the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) and bootstrap. Comparing the models, the MSEs, average confidence interval lengths of the MLEs, and Bayes estimators for parameters are less significant for censored models.