Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cloning and Analysis of Duplicated rJbM and rJbK Genes Involved in the Formation of GDP-Mannose in Eschenrchia coli 09 : K 30 and Participation of rIb Genes in the Synthesis of the Group I K 30 Capsular Polysaccharide

The rfbg,, gene cluster, which is responsible for the synthesis of the lipopolysaccharide 09 antigen, was cloned from Escherichia coi 09:130. The gnd gene, encoding 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, was identified adjacent to the rJb09 cluster, and by DNA sequence analysis the gene order gnd-rJbM-rjbK was established. This order differs from that described for other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Nucleotide sequence analysis was used to identify the rftK and rJbM genes, encoding phosphomannomutase and GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase, respectively. In members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, these enzymes act sequentially to form GDP-mannose, which serves as the activated sugar nucleotide precursor for mannose residues in cell surface polysaccharides. In the E. coli 09:K30 strain, a duplicated rJbM2-rJbK2 region was detected approximately 3 kbp downstream of rJbM'-dbK' and adjacent to the remaining genes of the rib09 cluster. The rJbM isogenes differed in upstream flanking DNA but were otherwise highly conserved. In contrast, the rfbK isogenes differed in downstream flanking DNA and in 3'-terminal regions, resulting in slight differences in the sizes of the predicted RfbK proteins. RfbMog and RfbKog are most closely related to CpsB and CpsG, respectively. These are isozymes of GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase and phosphomannomutase, respectively, which are thought to be involved in the biosynthesis of the slime polysaccharide colanic acid in E. coi K-12 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. An E. col 0-:K30 mutant, strain CWG44, lacks rJbM2-rJb0K2 and has adjacent essential rib09 sequences deleted. The remaining chromosomal genes are therefore suflicieift for GDP-mannose formation and K30 capsular polysaccharide synthesis. A mutant of E. coli CWG44, strain CWG152, was found to lack GDP-anannose pyrophosphorylase and lost the ability to synthesize K30 capsular polysaccharide. Wild-type capsular polysaccharide could be restored in CWG152, by transformation with plasmids containing either fM' or JM2. Introduction of a complete rib09 gene cluster into CWG152 restored synthesis of both 09 and K30 polysaccharides. Consequently, rJbM is sufficient for the biosynthesis of GDP-mannose for both 0 antigen and capsular polysaccharide in E. coil 09:K30. Analysis of a collection of serotype 08 and 09 isolates by Southern hybridization and PCR amplification experiments demonstrated extensive polymorphism in the rJbM-rJbK region.
Electrically small, low profile, broadside radiating LP and CP Huygens dipole antennas

Electrically small Huygens dipole antennas are reported that are low profile, broadside radiating, have high radiation efficiencies, and are either linear (LP) or circularly (CP) polarized. The Huygens behavior, i.e., a high front-to-back ratio with a cardioid-like pattern, is realized by exciting two (LP) or two pairs (CP) of complementary electric and magnetic dipole radiators, simultaneously having the same amplitude and proper phase. These designs are achieved with near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) Egyptian axe dipole (EAD) elements that act as the electric radiators and capacitively loaded loop (CLL) NFRP elements that act as the magnetic radiators. By efficiently combining the crossed EAD and CLL NFRP elements together with proper excitations by a single (LP) or a pair (CP) of driven dipole elements, the resulting electrically small antennas generate broadside Huygens radiation patterns. They have ka < 1.0, are low-profile, ≤ 0.04 λ0; exhibit good radiation performance with better than 4.5 dBi LP and 4.5 dBic CP peak realized gains; have > 20 dB front-to-back ratios; and have > 90% radiation efficiencies at their resonant frequencies. These antenna systems are quite suitable for a variety of compact narrow bandwidth applications including wireless power transfer (WPT), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and on- and off-body sensor networks.
Gene expression profiling in soybean under aluminum stress: genes differentially expressed between Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive genotypes

It is well documented that aluminum (Al) toxicity is the most important constraint to crop production on acid soils and soybean is one of the most Al sensitive plant species. To advance our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms of Al-tolerance in soybean we compared root tip (1 cm long) transcriptome profiles of an Al-tolerant (PI 416937) and Al-sensitive (Young) soybean genotypes using a combination of DNA microarrays and quantitative real-time PCR gene expression profiling technologies, in a time-course experiment (2, 12, 48, 72 h post Al treatment). We observed many genes differentially expressed between the two genotypes in constitutive and non-constitutive manner. The most likely candidate Al-tolerance genes expressed at high level include the previously reported transcription factors, auxin down regulated-like protein (ADR6-like) and, basic leucine zipper (bZIP 94), sulfur transmembrane transport protein and lipid transfer protein; and several novel genes that include rare cold inducible protein (RCI2B ), GPI-transamidase, malonyl-COA: Isoflavone 7-O-glucoside-6"-O-malontransferase, a cell proliferation protein (WPP2), oleosin protein, pectinestrease inhibitor, and impaired sucrose induction1; whereas genes negatively correlated with Al-tolerance, namely cellulose synthase and calcium transporters were down regulated in Al-tolerant PI 416937 compared to the Al-sensitive Young. The possible mechanisms of how these genes contribute to Al-tolerance trait are discussed. In conclusion, transcriptome profile comparisons of Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive soybean genotypes revealed novel putative Al-tolerance genes. These genes deserve further functional characterization for eventual utilization in developing soybean germplasm adapted to high aluminum soils.
Badania niskocyklowe dwuteowników stalowych wykorzystywanych do budowy mostów niskowodnych cz. II

W roku 2006 w WSOWL zrealizowano drugi etap pracy n t. „Wyznaczanie trwałości eksploatacyjnej mostów wojskowych ” [1]. Podobnie jak w pierwszym etapie pracy obiektem badawczym były konstrukcje mostów niskowod nych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem rozwi ązań konstrukcyjnych zaproponowanych w ramach projektu [2], a dotyczących mocowania d źwigarów głównych za pomoc ą śrub [2, 3]. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono kolejn ą część wyników badań uzyskanych w trakcie realizacji projektu badawczego w roku 2006.
Standardized Uptake Decrease on [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Is a Prognostic Classifier for Long-Term Outcome After Multimodality Treatment: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial for Resectable Stage IIIA/B Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

PURPOSE A confirmatory analysis was performed to determine the prognostic value of metabolic response during induction chemotherapy followed by bimodality/trimodality treatment of patients with operable locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with potentially operable stage IIIA(N2) or selected stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer received three cycles of cisplatin/paclitaxel (induction chemotherapy) followed by neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) to 45 Gy (1.5 Gy twice per day concurrent cisplatin/vinorelbine) within the ESPATUE (Phase III Study of Surgery Versus Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Boost in Patients With Resectable Stage IIIA[N2] and Selected IIIB Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer After Induction Chemotherapy and Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy) trial. Positron emission tomography scans were recommended before (t0) and after (t2) induction chemotherapy. Patients who were eligible for surgery after neoadjuvant RCT were randomly assigned to definitive RCT or surgery. The prognostic value of percentage of maximum standardized uptake value (%SUVmax) remaining in the primary tumor after induction chemotherapy-%SUVremaining = SUVmax(t2)/SUVmax(t0)-was assessed by proportional hazard analysis and receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS Overall, 161 patients were randomly assigned (155 from the Essen and Tübingen centers), and 124 of these received positron emission tomography scans at t0 and t2. %SUVremaining as a continuous variable was prognostic for the three end points of overall survival, progression-free survival, and freedom from extracerebral progression in univariable and multivariable analysis (P < .016). The respective hazard ratios per 50% increase in %SUVremaining from multivariable analysis were 2.3 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.4; P < .001), 1.8 (95% CI, 1.3 to 2.5; P < .001), and 1.8 (95% CI, 1.2 to 2.7; P = .006) for the three end points. %SUVremaining dichotomized at a cut point of maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity from receiver operating characteristic analysis at 36 months was also prognostic. Exploratory analysis revealed that %SUVremaining was likewise prognostic for overall survival in both treatment arms and was more closely associated with extracerebral distant metastases (P = .016) than with isolated locoregional relapses (P = .97). CONCLUSION %SUVremaining is a predictor for survival and other end points after multimodality treatment and can serve as a parameter for treatment stratification after induction chemotherapy or for evaluation of adjuvant new systemic treatment options for high-risk patients.
On the aging mechanism of solid insulating materials exposed to repetitive high voltage pulses

This paper proposes an explanation for the aging of solid insulating materials exposed to high frequency voltage impulses based on thermal stimulating processes triggered by losses generated in insulating materials due to damped oscillations of molecular dipoles in high frequency electrical fields. For this purpose, total dissipation of insulating materials is calculated based on frequency domain description of applied voltage and frequency dependent dielectric properties of insulating materials. To validate the proposed theory, different experimental investigations are carried out on thin oil impregnated paper exposed to high voltage square wave shape pulses with different pulse durations, rise times and repetition rates. The trends obtained in experimental studies can be satisfactorily explained using the proposed theory.
Aspectos comportamentais associados às reações do mercado de capitais

Neste artigo, serao apresentados os fundamentos, as evidencias empiricas e os modelos alternativos de financas comportamentais que buscam identificar reacoes dos mercados potencialmente influenciadas pela psicologia do investidor. Sera implementada uma metodologia de avaliacao quantitativa de reacoes anormais de preco para investigacao da viabilidade de estrategias contrarias e de momento no caso especifico de ativos do mercado de capitais brasileiro. Os resultados sugerem, quando nao sao considerados ajustes pelo nivel de risco, a existencia da influencia de aspectos comportamentais no mercado. Esta influencia esta refletida na rentabilidade superior das estrategias de momento em horizontes de treze a quinze semanas apos os investimentos, ao nivel de significância de 5%. Porem, quando se realiza ajuste de retornos pelo risco sistematico, os resultados nao permitem rejeitar a hipotese de eficiencia da carteira de mercado e, desta forma, estrategias contrarias ou de momento nao possibilitam ganhos estatisticamente significantes.
Geleneksel yaklaşımdan yapılandırmacı yaklaşıma geçişte öğretmen adaylarının görüş ve değerlendirmeleri; bir söylem analizi

Bu nitel calismada Turkce Egitimi ve Sinif Ogretmenligi Programlarinda egitim alan ogretmen adayi ogrencilerin yapilandirmaci yaklasimla ilgili olarak aldiklari egitim ve yeterliklerine iliskin gorus ve degerlendirmelerinin ortaya cikarilmasi amaclanmistir. Bu arastirmanin calisma grubunu Cumhuriyet Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi son sinifta okuyan ve rastgele secilen 10 Turkce Ogretmenligi 14 Sinif Ogretmenligi Programi ogrencisi olusturmaktadir.
Immature Stages of the Masked Birch Caterpillar, Drepana arcuata (Lepidoptera: Drepanidae) With Comments on Feeding and Shelter Building

Abstract The masked birch caterpillar, Drepana arcuata (Lepidoptera: Drepanidae) is an excellent model for studying vibratory communication and sociality in larval insects. Vibratory communication occurs throughout development, but the functions of signals are reported to change as larvae change from gregarious to solitary lifestyles. To better understand the sensory ecology of these caterpillars, it is important to study their life history. Here, we describe the morphological and behavioral characteristics of larvae by confirming the number of instars, identifying their distinguishing morphological features, and noting changes in feeding and shelter construction. Five instars were confirmed based on the number of head capsules collected for individuals throughout development, and by using Dyar’s rule, which predicts the number of instars based on geometric growth patterns of head capsules. Frequency distributions of head capsule widths showed five separate peaks, indicating that this is a useful parameter for distinguishing between instars. Other morphological features including body length, shape, and banding patterns of head capsules, and morphology of thoracic verrucae are helpful in distinguishing among instars. Feeding behavior changes from leaf skeletonization in first and second instars to leaf cutting in fourth and fifth instars, with third instars transitioning between these feeding styles as they grow. Early instars typically construct communal silken shelters whereas late instars live solitarily in leaf shelters. These results provide essential life history information on the masked birch caterpillar that will enable future investigations on the proximate and ultimate mechanisms associated with social behavior and communication in larval insects.
A review of occupant behavior models in residential building: Sensing, modeling, and prediction

Occupant behavior is an important factor in building simulations. Occupants influence the energy usage of buildings through interactions with indoor appliances (e.g air-conditioning, lights etc.) in order to improve the indoor environment. The models of occupant behavior are widely studied not only to estimate the energy consumption of buildings but also to extent the building energy-saving potentials. Different from the models in office buildings, behavior models in residential buildings are much more complicated due to the diversity of appliances and behavior patterns. However, the modeling methods in both residential and commercial buildings are similar. In this paper, behavior models in both commercial and residential buildings are reviewed. The paper also provides the discussion of the sensing, data and modeling methods that can be used to formulate the human behavior models in residential buildings.
Assessment of sliver polygons in geographical vector data

As positional error is a major issue in the assessment of spatial data quality, its propagation has been studied widely in map overlaying. However, few studies deal with a manifest consequence of positional error in map overlaying, namely sliver polygons. Sliver polygons are generally treated as awkward by-products that need to be removed quickly. Nevertheless, as they represent spurious areas, their nature and properties carry useful information, for example, for land use/cover assessment. Therefore, next to sliver removal, there is a need for intelligent detection and eventually further analysis of sliver polygons. This article proposes a general, semi-automated method for the assessment of slivers in vector polygon layers. A case study in Flanders (Belgium) illustrates a possible application in area estimation evaluation of land use allocation classes.
Performance characteristics of children using various braking resistances on the wingate anaerobic test.

This study examined the performances of children exercising against varying braking forces in short-term, all-out cycling tests. The braking force resistances were 0.04, 0.065, 0.075, and 0.08 kiloponds for every kilogram of body mass (kp.kgBM-1). Results for the peak and mean power performances in 30 s Wingate Anaerobic Tests (WAnT) were recorded for a wide age range of male and female children [6 (n = 23), 8 (n = 19), 10 (n = 19), and 12 (n = 14) years of age]. Univariate ANOVAs with repeated measures on resistance, and Newman Keuls post hoc analysis tests revealed that the absolute peak and mean power responses of the children increased incrementally with age and demonstrated very few sex differences. The overall meaned peak and mean power values of the four resistances and age groups were 161, 231, 242 and 248 Watts and 130, 183, 189, and 196 Watts, respectively. In all of the age groups the three higher resistances (0.065, 0.075, and 0.08 kp.kgBM-1) produced significantly higher peak and mean power performances than did the 0.04 kp.kgBM-1 resistance. The overall meaned relative peak and mean power values of the four resistances and age groups were 4.9, 6.9, 7.4 and 7.4 W.kg-1 and 4.2, 5.2, 5.7 and 6.2 W.kg-1, respectively. Among the three higher resistances there was no one resistance which elicited a significantly more powerful performance.
A Survey on Subgraph Matching Algorithm for Graph Database

Subgraph matching is a technique to retrieve subgraphs which are isomorphic to query graph. A graph S (VS, ES) is subgraph of graph G (VG, EG) if VS ⊆ VG and ES ⊆ EG. Subgraph matching is a process to fetch all subgraphs S (VS, ES) from graph G (VG, EG) which are structurally isomorphic to input graph I(VI, EI) using subgraph matching algorithm. Subgraph matching is a NP-hard. In real-world graphs such as semantic web, social networks, protein interaction and biological networks, subgraph matching will retrieve subgraphs which are isomorphic to query graph from data graph. Many subgraph matching algorithms have proposed in recent years, these algorithms aims to find desired results in less time for real datasets using information like join orders, pruning techniques and vertex neighbour information. Subgraph matching algorithms can be classified into two clases: exact and approximate matching algorithms. These two approaches are being described in survey.
Expression of cloned bacteriophage T4 uvsW and uvsY genes in rec+ and rec- Escherichia coli

Chimeric plasmids containing the uvsY uvsW region of the T4 genome were examined for the expression of these genes. Certain of these plasmids were shown to express the uvsY or the uvsW gene products by their ability to complement the UV sensitivity of infecting uvsW or uvsY mutant phage. Also, a chimeric plasmid containing both the uvsW and uvsY genes increases the survival of UV-irradiated, methyl methane sulfonate- or ethyl methane sulfonate-treated recA hosts.
Energetics and biomechanics of inclined treadmill walking in obese adults.

UNLABELLED Brisk walking is a recommended form of exercise for obese individuals. However, lower-extremity joint loads and the associated risk of musculoskeletal injury or pathological disease increase with walking speed. Walking uphill at a slower speed is an alternative form of moderate intensity exercise that may reduce joint loading. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to quantify the energetics and biomechanics of level and uphill walking in obese adults. We hypothesized that compared to brisk level walking, walking slower up a moderate incline would reduce lower-extremity net muscle moments while providing appropriate cardiovascular stimulus. METHODS Twelve obese adult volunteers, with mass of 100.5±15.7 kg and body mass index of 33.4±2.6 kg·m (mean±SD), participated in this study. We measured oxygen consumption, ground reaction forces, and three-dimensional lower-extremity kinematics while subjects walked on a dual-belt force-measuring treadmill at several speed (0.50-1.75 m·s) and grade (0°-9°) combinations. We calculated metabolic rate, loading rates, and net muscle moments at the hip, knee, and ankle for each condition. RESULTS Metabolic rates were similar across trials and were of moderate intensity (48.5%-59.8% of VO2max). Walking slower uphill significantly reduced loading rates and lower-extremity net muscle moments compared with faster level walking. Peak knee extension and adduction moments were reduced by ∼19% and 26%, respectively, when subjects walked up a 6° incline at 0.75 m·s versus level walking at 1.50 m·s. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that walking at a relatively slow speed up a moderate incline is a potential exercise strategy that may reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury/pathological disease while providing proper cardiovascular stimulus in obese adults.
Modeling synaptic transmission of the tripartite synapse

The tripartite synapse denotes the junction of a pre- and postsynaptic neuron modulated by a synaptic astrocyte. Enhanced transmission probability and frequency of the postsynaptic current-events are among the significant effects of the astrocyte on the synapse as experimentally characterized by several groups. In this paper we provide a mathematical framework for the relevant synaptic interactions between neurons and astrocytes that can account quantitatively for both the astrocytic effects on the synaptic transmission and the spontaneous postsynaptic events. Inferred from experiments, the model assumes that glutamate released by the astrocytes in response to synaptic activity regulates store-operated calcium in the presynaptic terminal. This source of calcium is distinct from voltage-gated calcium influx and accounts for the long timescale of facilitation at the synapse seen in correlation with calcium activity in the astrocytes. Our model predicts the inter-event interval distribution of spontaneous current activity mediated by a synaptic astrocyte and provides an additional insight into a novel mechanism for plasticity in which a low fidelity synapse gets transformed into a high fidelity synapse via astrocytic coupling.
Murine retroviruses control class I major histocompatibility antigen gene expression via a trans effect at the transcriptional level

Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) and Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MSV) exert a regulatory effect on the class I genes of the murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC). We have previously shown that M-MuLV infection of mouse fibroblasts results in a substantial increase in cell surface expression of H-2K, H-2D, and H-2L proteins, whereas M-MSV, upon coinfection of the same cells, is apparently able to override the MuLV-induced increase in H-2 expression. As a result of this modulation, immune recognition of the infected cells is profoundly altered. Our efforts have been directed toward elucidating the molecular basis for this phenomenon. We report here that stimulation of interferon production as a result of infection with MuLV does not occur and, therefore, is not the cause of MuLV-induced enhancement of MHC expression. Control of H-2 class I and beta 2-microglobulin gene expression by M-MuLV, and probably by M-MSV, takes place at the transcriptional level as indicated by nuclear runoff studies and analysis of steady-state mRNA levels. Our demonstration that M-MuLV controls expression of widely separated endogenous cellular genes (those coding for H-2D, H-2K, H-2L, and beta 2-microglobulin), transfected class I MHC genes, and unintegrated chimeric genes consisting of fragments of class I MHC genes linked to sequences encoding a procaryotic enzyme, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, suggests that M-MuLV exerts its effect in trans and not by proviral integration in the vicinity of the H-2 gene complex. Finally, we show that the sequences of at least one MHC gene, which are responsive to trans regulation by M-MuLV, lie within 1.2 kilobases upstream of the initiation codon for that gene.