Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphological and biochemical differences in three Undaria pinnatifida populations in Korea

Twelve morphological characters and the biochemical composition of Undaria pinnatifida f. distans sporophytes growing on the rocky shores of Jindo and Wando and on cultivation ropes in Kijang were measured to determine whether each population could be characterized by morphological features and biochemical composition. The goal of this study was to compare phenotypic variations between populations as they relate to environmental conditions. The sporophytes of the Kijang population were two times longer and 19 times heavier than those at Jindo. Sporophylls of the Jindo U. pinnatifida population were significantly smaller in length, width, frill number, and weight than those at Wando and Kijang. Kijang Undaria plants showed the highest contents of total protein, crude fiber, total amino acids, the amount of essential amino acids, the proportion of total unsaturated fatty acids, and eicosapentaenoic acid. However, the Jindo population showed the greatest content of carbohydrates, lipids, and minerals (Zn and Ca) of the three U. pinnatifida populations. In particular, Zn content of Jindo plants was 30 times greater than that of Kijang plants. Thus, the proximate composition, mineral composition, amino acids, and fatty acids of Undaria pinnatifida plants were distinguishable among the three representative Undaria populations evaluated. These results suggest that morphological and biochemical differences of the three U. pinnatifida populations can be attributed to differences in environmental conditions of their habitats.
Standardization and Glycemic Index of a Traditional Oat (Avena sativa) Beverage

A traditional beverage from oats is popularly consumed in Mexico to treat obesity, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disorders. Certain dietary components in oats experimentally prove qualities which support their use in the chronic management of such diseases. However the traditional beverage lacks of macronutrient characterization and glycemic index. Both parameters are useful in determining the safety in long term use in chronic ill patients. The purpose of this study was to provide a standardization of the traditional method. Then the macronutrient and microbiological content from the resulted beverage was assessed and the glycemic index was also determined. After a factorial design a reproducible beverage is recovered through blending 65 g of oat flakes in 250 ml of water and resting it at 4 °C for 6 h. No significative differences was found in carbohydrate (P=0.085) and fiber content (P=0.811) compared to raw oats flakes. It also remains microbiological safe until 48 hrs post elaboration and is suitable for consumption. Moreover the resulted glycemic index was 38, which means a decrease from 78 in raw oats. Thus we conclude that according to macronutrient composition and glycemic index; the traditional oat beverage is safe and suitability in the management of chronic diseases. Additionally it’s decreased effect in postprandial glucose response along with its equally fiber content when compared with oats, meet the criteria to considered it as a functional food, thus the development of a functional beverage from the traditional method is also discussed.
How Can E-Services Influence On Customers' Intentions toward Online Book Repurchasing (SEM Method and TPB Model)

Efficiency and effectiveness of e- commerce lead increasingly applying it by organizations in all aspects of transactions. To be strong and stable enough in today's competitive world, organizations need to improve their technological and communicational infrastructure. Nowadays, superior Electronic services can add high customer value and create competitive advantage for the organization. Therefore, providing electronic purchasing for consumers have become one of the key issues for organizations. The main aim of this study is to investigate attitude and intention toward electronic repurchasing of books, by effective factor of e-service quality, using the TPB model and structural equation modeling method (SEM). Samples of this survey are electronic buyers of books (through online book stores) who have used electronic services which books sellers companies offer. The results show that e-service quality strongly affects intentions and attitudes towards repurchasing.
Changes in the Free Amino Acid Content of the Shucked Oyster Crassostrea gigas Stored in Salt Water at 3°C

Shucked oysters were soaked in an equal weight of salt water and stored at 3°C for 7 days. Changes in the free amino acid content of the whole body and in the adductor muscle were evaluated by a practical distribution method. With the exception of aspartic acid and tyrosine, no significant changes in free amino acids or ammonia were observed in whole-body shucked oysters during the storage period. In contrast, the majority of free amino acids in the adductor muscle decreased significantly. Most of these free amino acids were detected in considerable amounts in the surrounding salt water after 7 days of storage. Both the weight of the whole body and the salinity of the surrounding salt water decreased significantly during the storage period. These results suggest that free amino acids were eluted from the cutting surface of the adductor muscle and indicate that the free amino acid content per shucked oyster and in the adductor muscle, decreases during cold storage.
Distributed assessment of contributing area and riparian buffering along stream networks

We present a simple approach for quantifying the local contributions of hillslope area and riparian area along a stream network based on gridded digital elevation data. The method enables one to compute catchment characteristics such as the distribution of riparian and hillslope inputs to the stream network, the variation of riparian‐area percentage along the stream network, and subcatchment area distributions. We applied the technique to the 280‐ha Maimai research area in New Zealand. We found that 85% of the catchment area contributed to streams with a local catchment area of <20 ha, whereas only 28% of the riparian area was found along these small streams. The potential of riparian zones to buffer hillslope runoff depends partially on the size of the riparian zone relative to the adjacent hillslope or upland area. Our approach enables calculation of a spatially distributed measure of riparian to hillslope area ratios. At the 280 ha Maimai research area we found that the ratio between riparian and hillslope area was 0.14. When we calculated this “buffer capacity” for each 20 m stream reach along the stream network, the values were below 0.14 for 75% of the stream length and the median was 0.06. Using the catchment‐wide ratio would thus significantly overestimate the “effective” riparian‐to‐hillslope‐area ratio.
The land use structure of agricultural holdings in the Central and East European Countries and its evolution

Th e taxonomy of agricultural holdings’ land use structure of the CEEC countries that are the EU members aims to investigate the diversity of this phenomenon and its evolution in 2005–2010. In order to establish homogenous clusters of land use, a structural taxonomy technique called the vectors elimination method was employed. Th e research outcome was the split of the entire data set into 5 subgroups characterizing more homogenous land use structures. Migrations of countries between the taxonomic subgroups over time were determined by the character of the transformation of the land
Swinging the Machine: Modernity, Technology, and African American Culture between the World Wars

An innovative study of the influence of black popular culture on modern American life; In any age and any given society, cultural practices reflect the material circumstances of people's everyday lives. According to Joel Dinerstein, it was no different in America between the two World Wars - an era sometimes known as the "machine age" - when innovative forms of music and dance helped a newly urbanized population cope with the increased mechanization of modern life. Grand spectacles such as the Ziegfield Follies and the movies of Busby Berkeley captured the American ethos of mass production, with chorus girls as the cogs of these fast, flowing pleasure vehicles. Yet it was African American culture, Dinerstein argues, that ultimately provided the means of aesthetic adaptation to the accelerated tempo of modernity. Drawing on a legacy of engagement with and resistance to technological change, with deep roots in West African dance and music, black artists developed new cultural forms that sought to humanize machines. In "The Ballad of John Henry," the epic toast "Shine," and countless blues songs, African Americans first addressed the challenge of industrialization. Jazz musicians drew on the symbol of the train within this tradition to create a set of train-derived aural motifs and rhythms, harnessing mechanical power to cultural forms. Tap dance and the lindy hop brought machine aesthetics to the human body, while the new rhythm section of big band swing mimicked the industrial soundscape of northern cities. In Dinerstein's view, the capacity of these artistic innovations to replicate the inherent qualities of the machine - speed, power, repetition, flow, precision - helps explain both their enormous popularity and social function in American life.
ENoCS: An Interactive Educational Network-on-Chip Simulator

On-chip networking concepts, which are central to multicore microprocessor design, are often taught using textbooks and the standard lecture model, as it is difﬁcult to provide interactive learning opportunities and hands-on assignments. Available on-chip network simulators typically focus on research-level accuracy and are not suitable for novices or students. Meanwhile, with each new chip generation, the importance of the on-chip interconnect grows. Career opportunities in computer architecture will increasingly rely on an understanding of the chip’s communication substrate. The lack of interactive, approachable tools thus leaves students with a gap in their computer architecture education in an increasingly multicore industry. In this paper, we present ENoCS, the Educational Network-on-Chip Simulator, which allows users of all levels of expertise to explore the on-chip network environment and see the inner workings of the on-chip communication substrate and all of its components. ENoCS contains multiple topologies and network options, as well as multiple trafﬁc patterns for testing. ENoCS also shows microarchitectural details, including router structure, packet breakdown, and routing tables. We also present methods for incorporating ENoCS into an existing computer architecture course curriculum and an evaluation of its effectiveness in a small senior/graduate-level course. Students in the evaluated course who used the tool showed an increased competency in the concepts, as well as interest in using the tool further. While the sample size was small, it demonstrates the promise of using the ENoCS tool in the classroom. The simulator is available on-line for public use at https://github.com/ProfACarpenter/ENoCS .
Establishing a baseline for early detection of non-indigenous species in ports of the Canadian Arctic.

The combination of global warming, resource exploitation and the resulting increase in Arctic shipping activity are expected to increase the risk of exotic species introductions to Arctic waters in the near future. Here, we provide for the first time a benthic invertebrate survey for non-indigenous species (NIS) from the Canadian Arctic coasts, incorporating historical information to identify new records. The top three ports at highest risk for introduction of NIS of the Canadian Arctic were surveyed: Churchill (Manitoba), Deception Bay (Quebec) and Iqaluit (Nunavut). A total of 236 genera and species were identified. Based on cross referencing comparisons of contemporary and historical information on species composition and distributions, 14.4% of the taxa identified can be considered new records within the port regions surveyed and 7.2% within the more extended, adjacent surrounding regions. Increased survey effort is the most likely explanation for the majority of new occurrences, however, a small number of records (n=7) were new mentions for Canada and were categorized as cryptogenic since we could not confidently describe them as being either native or introduced. Further research is required to better understand the status of these new taxa. This study provides a benchmark for early detection for benthic invertebrates in the region. Significant costs and intensive labor are involved in monitoring and in early detection surveys, but they provide a great opportunity for identifying native and introduced biodiversity, crucial to analyzing the changes taking place along one of the longest coastlines in the world, the Canadian Arctic coast.
Twenty-First-Century Compatible CO2 Emissions and Airborne Fraction Simulated by CMIP5 Earth System Models under Four Representative Concentration Pathways

The carbon cycle is a crucial Earth system component affecting climate and atmospheric composition. The response of natural carbon uptake to CO2 and climate change will determine anthropogenic emissions compatible with a target CO2 pathway. For phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), four future representative concentration pathways (RCPs) have been generated by integrated assessment models (IAMs) and used as scenarios by state-of-the-art climate models, enabling quantification of compatible carbon emissions for the four scenarios by complex, process-based models. Here, the authors present results from 15 such Earth system GCMs for future changes in land and ocean carbon storage and the implications for anthropogenic emissions. The results are consistent with the underlying scenarios but show substantial model spread. Uncertainty in land carbon uptake due to differences among models is comparable with the spread across scenarios. Model estimates of historical fossil-fuel emissions agree well with reconstructions, and future projections for representative concentration pathway 2.6 (RCP2.6) and RCP4.5 are consistent with the IAMs. For high-end scenarios (RCP6.0 and RCP8.5), GCMs simulate smaller compatible emissions than the IAMs, indicating a larger climate–carbon cycle feedback in the GCMs in these scenarios. For the RCP2.6 mitigation scenario, an average reduction of 50% in emissions by 2050 from 1990 levels is required but with very large model spread (14%–96%). The models also disagree on both the requirement for sustained negative emissions to achieve the RCP2.6 CO2 concentration and the success of this scenario to restrict global warming below 2°C. All models agree that the future airborne fraction depends strongly on the emissions profile with higher airborne fraction for higher emissions scenarios.
Methods of analyzing and factors influencing frictional effects of subbases

This final report for Research Project 459 reviews available information relating to the subbase frictional effect, especially an unpublished Portland Cement Association report for the Federal Highway Administration on cement stabilized subbases. Experimental results of push off tests on an unbound shell subbase layer underlying an in service jointed reinforced concrete pavement are given and discussed. The report also lists and discusses the results of push off tests to find the effects of subbase depth and surface texture on the frictional resistance of an asphalt concrete pavement. Actual crack spacing values for continuously reinforced concrete pavements were then correlated to values predicted by the CRCP computer program in this report, using the subbase friction information found from this project study. Results of estimating subbase friction using the indirect tensile strength testing of subbase cores are shown and discussed, and implications of the subbase frictional effect on concrete pavements are presented. The report ends with a summary of conclusions and recommendations for future testing (A).
America's Graduation from High School: The Evolution and Spread of Secondary Schooling in the Twentieth Century

Secondary-school enrollment and graduation rates increased spectacularly in much of the United States from 1910 to 1940; the advance was particularly rapid from 1920 to 1935 in the nonsouthern states. This increase was uniquely American; no other nation underwent an equivalent change for several decades. States that rapidly expanded their high school enrollments early in the period had greater wealth, more homogeneity of wealth, and less manufacturing activity than others. Factors prompting the expansion include the substantial returns to education early in the century and a responsive “state. ” This work is based on a newly constructed state-level data set.
A Switched Reluctance Motor Design Method Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design Method

Conventional switched reluctance motor (SRM) already has the relatively complete structure design method. The classical design method (CDM) of combining structure parameters calculation and finite element motor optimization design method (FEMODM) is the most widely used for conventional. But FEMODM need to adjust structure parameters, which generally have only a restricted range of values. That leads to a huge workload, and random selection. To solve this problem, the paper proposed a new design method using orthogonal experimental design method (OEDM). The advantages of the new design method include celerity, simplicity and accuracy. Based on the new design method, a 12/12 SRG with C-shaped stators and extern rotor was designed and simulated. The results show that the new design method is feasible and suitable for such kind of motors.
A life-cycle cost analysis for flooring materials for healthcare facilities

Objective: In this study, hard, resilient and soft flooring materials are compared using a building service life of 50 years, an established life span for healthcare facilities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the life-cycle cost of flooring products and inform decision-makers about the long-term cost of ownership along with other key factors, such as safety, durability, and aesthetics. Methods: The protocol for executing an life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is defined by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), including defining the problem, identifying feasible alternatives, and establishing common assumptions and parameters, as well as acquiring financial information. Product information for the flooring materials that met inclusion criteria based on characteristics of the products consistent with use in healthcare facilities was acquired including maintenance, installation, warranty, and cost data. LCCA calculations recognize the time value of money and use discounting to project future value. Results: The results generated from the LCCA using present value to project future costs provide a useful tool for projecting costs over time for the purpose of planning operational and maintenance costs associated with the long-term investment of ownership. The findings suggest that soft flooring is more cost effective for initial purchase and installation, equipment assets, and maintenance over time of facilities. Conclusions: Cost is an important factor when considering flooring materials for healthcare facilities. Other factors to be considered are safety, durability and aesthetics, cleanliness, acoustics and sustainability to realize the overall return on investment. This study developed a tool for projecting costs of ownership for facility materials, in this case, flooring. The selection of flooring material has a significant impact on the cost of ownership over the life of the facility.
Recent Trends in Fusion Gyrotron Development at KIT

Reference EPFL-CONF-226140 URL: http://www.iam. kit.edu/awp/downloads/Program_RF_Heatingvs2. pdf URL: https://crpplocal.epfl. ch/pinboard/papers/167317701.pdf Record created on 2017-02-28, modified on 2017-05-12
Total, Soluble, and Insoluble Dietary Fibre Contents of Wild Growing Edible Mushrooms

Nile S.H. , Park S.W. (2014): Total, soluble, and insoluble dietary fibre contents of wild growing edible mushrooms. Czech J. Food Sci., 32: 302–307. Mushrooms have been long valued as tasty and nutritional foods for human beings and assumed to contain benefi cial fibres, so the objective of this study was to analyse 20 species of wild growing edible mushrooms for their total dietary fibre (TDF), insoluble dietary fibre (IDF), and soluble dietary fibre (SDF) contents. The TDF, IDF, and SDF contents ranged between 24–37, 12–21, and 2–4 g/100 g dry weight, respectively. The SDF as % of TDF was low in Phellinus florida (5.5%) and Phellinus rimosus (5.8%), and high in Sparassis crispa , lentinus squarrulosus , and lactarius sanguifluus (12.5%). Interestingly, the majority of the mushrooms had 10–11% of TDF as SDF. The TDF was high in Pleurotus djamor (37%) Cantharellus cibarius , Cantharellus clavatus , and Phellinus florida (36%), and low in lactarius sanguifluus (24%). Also, the majority of mushrooms had average 31.6% TDF and 2.85% SDF. These results indicate that mushrooms such as Sparassis crispa , lentinus squarrulosus, lentinus delicious, and Cantharellus clavatus are rich sources of TDF and SDF.
Creating Sites for Reasonable Discourse Stasis in Public Deliberation

This paper 1 presents an analysis of stasis as a means for creating common ground between conflicting parties and a guide to judgment in public deliberation. Craig‘s (1989) approach to communication as a ―practical discipline‖ provides the theoretical justification for research that examines the practical communication problems society faces. This paper examines public discourse in the form of arguments before local deliberative bodies, where people are attempting to influence the judgment of the board and the public. Using the methods of a rhetorically informed discourse analysis (see Tracy, 2001 & 2002), this paper examines the formulation, presentation, and reaction to arguments in naturally occurring public deliberation. The analysis focuses on the ways stasis provides a means of understanding, analyzing, and critiquing argument. A fundamental problem in public argument is a lack of common ground for proceeding with deliberation when opposing sides take divergent views of an issue. Stasis as a principle for public deliberation provides a way of conceiving common ground and a guide for effective public deliberation. Introduction Public deliberation, at any level of government, can be very divisive. Deliberative bodies, from national legislatures to local school boards, are often bombarded by groups pushing for their particular agendas. While this interest driven approach to public arguments runs contrary to a Habermasian notion of ideal speech (see Habermas, 1989), Mouffe (1999) and other theorists of public argument and rhetoric (see Hauser, 1999) argue that such interest is inherent to deliberation and that power differences are ubiquitous to society. When people use such interest based approaches to public argument, however, they tend to present different perspectives as incommensurable, leading to the axiomatic conclusion that ―little hearing goes on at public hearings‖ (McComas, 2001, 38). Kemmis (1990) has referred to this problem as a ―stalemate‖ that keeps citizens from reaching agreement and one of the practices that keeps citizens apart and unable to orient to a common good. In public argument and deliberation, it is important to discover ways of overcoming such apparently incommensurable differences in order to discover, or invent, a common good capable of sustaining agreement and providing a basis for action. The argumentative concept stasis can be used as a guiding principle for public deliberation that provides for such a basis. Rather than attending to the common ground stasis can provide, the many practices in public argument work against establishing a clear stasis, which increases division between com-