Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of SRC-3 Intercompartmental Dynamics by Estrogen Receptor and Phosphorylation

ABSTRACT The steroid receptor coactivator 3 gene (SRC-3) (AIB1/ACTR/pCIP/RAC3/TRAM1) is a p160 family transcription coactivator and a known oncogene. Despite its importance, the functional regulation of SRC-3 remains poorly understood within a cellular context. Using a novel combination of live-cell, high-throughput, and fluorescent microscopy, we report SRC-3 to be a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein whose intracellular mobility, solubility, and cellular localization are regulated by phosphorylation and estrogen receptor α (ERα) interactions. We show that both chemical inhibition and small interfering RNA reduction of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) pathway induce a cytoplasmic shift in SRC-3 localization, whereas stimulation by epidermal growth factor signaling enhances its nuclear localization by inducing phosphorylation at T24, S857, and S860, known participants in the phosphocode that regulates SRC-3 activity. Accordingly, the cytoplasmic localization of a nonphosphorylatable SRC-3 mutant further supported these results. In the presence of ERα, U0126 also dramatically reduces (i) ligand-dependent colocalization of SRC-3 and ERα, (ii) the formation of ER-SRC-3 complexes in cell lysates, and (iii) SRC-3 targeting to a visible, ERα-occupied and -regulated prolactin promoter array. Taken together, these results indicate that phosphorylation coordinates SRC-3 coactivator function by linking the probabilistic formation of transient nuclear receptor-coactivator complexes with its molecular dynamics and cellular compartmentalization. Technically and conceptually, these findings have a new and broad impact upon evaluating mechanisms of action of gene regulators at a cellular system level.
Whole-Genome Sequences of Bacillus subtilis and Close Relatives

ABSTRACT We sequenced four strains of Bacillus subtilis and the type strains for two closely related species, Bacillus vallismortis and Bacillus mojavensis. We report the high-quality Sanger genome sequences of B. subtilis subspecies subtilis RO-NN-1 and AUSI98, B. subtilis subspecies spizizenii TU-B-10T and DV1-B-1, Bacillus mojavensis RO-H-1T, and Bacillus vallismortis DV1-F-3T.
Conflicts between Relevance-Sensitive and Iterated Belief Revision

The original AGM paradigm focuses only on one-step belief revision and leaves open the problem of revising a belief state with whole sequences of evidence. Darwiche and Pearl later addressed this problem by introducing extra (intuitive) postulates as a supplement to the AGM ones. A second shortcoming of the AGM paradigm, seemingly unrelated to iterated revision, is that it is too liberal in its treatment of the notion of relevance. Once again this problem was addressed with the introduction of an extra (also very intuitive) postulate by Parikh. The main result of this paper is that Parikh postulate for relevance-sensitive belief revision is inconsistent with each of the Darwiche and Pearl postulates for iterated belief revision.
Inpatient versus Day Clinic Treatment for Bulimia Nervosa: A Randomized Trial

Background: In bulimia nervosa, more intense treatments are recommended if outpatient treatment fails. This is the first randomized controlled trial comparing the options of inpatient versus day clinic treatment. Method: Patients with severe bulimia nervosa were randomly assigned to inpatient or day clinic treatment of similar length and intensity. Specific and general psychopathology was assessed at the end of treatment and a 3-month follow-up. Results: Fifty-five patients were randomized; 22 day clinic patients and 21 inpatients started the program. At the end of treatment, a significant reduction of general and specific pathology was found in both settings. Following discharge, there was more deterioration in bulimic symptoms after inpatient treatment, but overall, results were comparable. Conclusions: Inpatient and day clinic programs are effective treatments for severely disturbed bulimic patients with similar results at the 3-month follow-up. Further follow-up will show if a higher instability of results after inpatient treatment is of importance in the long term.
Cortical reactivity and effective connectivity during REM sleep in humans

We recorded the electroencephalographic (EEG) responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during the first rapid eye movement (REM) sleep episode of the night and compared them with the responses obtained during previous wakefulness and non-REM (NREM) sleep. Confirming previous findings, upon falling into NREM sleep, cortical activations became more local and stereotypical, indicating a significant impairment of the intracortical dialogue. During REM sleep, a state in which subjects regain consciousness but are almost paralyzed, TMS triggered more widespread and differentiated patterns of cortical activation that were similar to the ones observed in wakefulness. Similarly, TMS/high-density EEG may be used to probe the internal dialogue of the thalamocortical system in brain-injured patients that are unable to move and communicate.
Entropy-based Latent Structured Output Prediction-Supplementary materials

1. Proofs In this section we derive the proofs of all propositions in the main paper. Proposition 1. The AD entropy of the generalized distribution of y can be written as the sum of the negative log-likelihood of y and the AD entropy of the conditional distribution of the hidden variable given the output, Hα,β(Q y x ;w) = − logP (y|x,w) +Hα,β(P y x ;w). (1) Proof. The AD entropy of the generalized distribution is
Wide band electronically scannable leaky wave antenna for low cost beam steering applications

In this paper, we present an innovative wide-band, beam steering antenna which is operating in the higher order leaky-mode. The antenna is loaded with log-periodic slots which results a wide bandwidth of 21.36 % over the -10dB resonating band of 4.6 to 5.7 GHz. The pencil beam pattern in the H-plane is frequency scannable over the wide, -10dB band and is also scannable at fixed frequency by reactive loading. A maximum beam steering of about 15/spl deg/ is observed experimentally by changing the loaded reactance from 2.2 pF to 4.7 pF.
Hyperglycemia in children with meningococcal sepsis and septic shock: the relation between plasma levels of insulin and inflammatory mediators.

CONTEXT Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are common findings in critically ill adult patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the hyperglycemic response to critical illness in children. DESIGN The study was designed as an observational cohort study. SETTING The study was set in a university-affiliated pediatric intensive care unit. PATIENTS Six children with meningococcal sepsis (MS) without shock and 10 children with meningococcal septic shock (MSS) were patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Differences in blood glucose levels (measured during 72 h after admission) and differences in plasma levels of glucoregulatory hormones (insulin, GH, IGF-I, cortisol, glucagons, leptin), soluble cytokine receptors (sTNF-R55, R75, sIL-1R2), and IL-6 (measured on d 3) between MS and MSS patients were assessed. RESULTS Blood glucose levels on d 2 and 3 were higher in MSS patients than in MS patients [7.5 (3.9-13.0) vs. 5.1 (4.0-6.0) and 6.5 (4.0-9.9) vs. 5.5 (4.8-6.8) mmol/liter, both P < 0.05]. Maximum blood glucose values recorded in individual patients were higher in MSS patients [9.3 (6.5-13) vs. 7.2 (6.2-9.9), P < 0.05] and correlated with severity of illness (r = 0.833, P < 0.001). Insulin levels in MSS patients were significantly lower (7.2 vs. 19.0 mU/liter, P < 0.001), compatible with insufficient insulin response to hyperglycemia, whereas MS patients showed insulin resistance. Insulin levels correlated inversely with levels of sTNF-R55 and R75 (r = -0.814 and -0.878, both P < 0.001), suggesting suppression of the proinflammatory response on insulin secretion. CONCLUSION Hyperglycemia associated with hypoinsulinemia rather than insulin resistance may be the normal pathophysiological response in acute MSS in children. Our study emphasizes that application of intensive insulin therapy in critically ill children demands further investigation.
Muscles and lungs: fatal attraction, but time for intervention.

The act of breathing entails the integrity and function of the respiratory muscles [1]; however, diseases of the lung can also influence the muscle pump. It is well known that neuromuscular damage have a strong impact on respiration [2] and that hyperinflation that accompanies COPD interferes with respiratory muscle function [3]. More recent evidence suggests that even respiratory tract infections can lead directly to muscle weakness [4]. Animal models imply that sepsis is associated with respiratory muscles dysfunction mediated through oxygen-derived free radicals [5]. Moreover controlled mechanical ventilation has been shown to induce diaphragmatic dysfunction [6] creating the possibility of a deleterious additive and/or synergistic with infection [7]. So an examination of the relationship between the Muscle Pump and the Lung can be useful for the clinician. Although patients with pre-existing Neuromuscular Disease (NMD) are not commonly seen in the ICU [8] and seldom included in randomised controlled trials of Non Invasive Ventilation (NIV) [9], acquired NMD seems very common yet unrecognised [10, 11]. Respiratory failure due to these disorders needs a different approach from the more common obstructive pulmonary diseases [12, 13]. They need a special focus since well established therapeutical protocols may improve the outcomes [14, 15] and may reduce weaning time [16].
Collateral Effects of a Pension Reform in France

How does the retirement age affect the physical and mental health of seniors? We identify this effect based on the 1993 reform of the French pension system, which was heterogeneously introduced among the population. With each cohort, the French government gradually increased the incentive to work using two tools: the contribution period required for entitlement to a full pension and the number of reference earning years taken to calculate pensions. We use a unique database on health and employment in France in 1999 and 2005, when the cohorts affected by the reform started to retire. A difference-in-differences approach, with the control group comprising public sector employees (not concerned by the 1993 reform), finds that the people more affected by the reform, and hence with a stronger incentive to work, were those posting less of an improvement and even a deterioration in their health between 1999 and 2005. Subsequently, taking the reform as a tool to filter out the potential influence of health on employment choices, we show that retirement improves physical and social health. The more physically impacted are the low-educated individuals.
Launching of the Yeast 20 S RNA Narnavirus by Expressing the Genomic or Antigenomic Viral RNA in Vivo*

20 S RNA virus is a persistent positive strand RNA virus found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The viral genome encodes only its RNA polymerase, p91, and resides in the cytoplasm in the form of a ribonucleoprotein complex with p91. We succeeded in generating 20 S RNA virus in vivo by expressing, from a vector, genomic strands fused at the 3′-ends to the hepatitis delta virus antigenomic ribozyme. Using this launching system, we analyzed 3′-cis-signals present in the genomic strand for replication. The viral genome has five-nucleotide inverted repeats at both termini (5′-GGGGC. GCCCC-OH). The fifth G from the 3′-end was dispensable for replication, whereas the third and fourth Cs were essential. The 3′-terminal and penultimate Cs could be eliminated or modified to other nucleotides; however, the generated viruses recovered these terminal Cs. Furthermore, extra nucleotides added at the viral 3′-end were eliminated in the launched viruses. Therefore, 20 S RNA virus has a mechanism(s) to maintain the correct size and sequence of the viral 3′-end. This may contribute to its persistent infection in yeast. We also succeeded in generating 20 S RNA virus similarly from antigenomic strands provided active p91 was supplied from a second vector in trans. Again, a cluster of four Cs at the 3′-end in the antigenomic strand was essential for replication. In this work, we also present the first conclusive evidence that 20 S and 23 S RNA viruses are independent replicons.
Effect of pre-treatment and extraction conditions on the antioxidant properties of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) leaves

Persimmon is a very delicious fruit and the leaves of this tree are used as a traditional drug. This study aimed to investigate the effects of drying method (hot air and freeze-drying), extraction temperature (80, 90 and 100 °C) and extraction time (10, 30, 60 and 120 min) and harvest stage (flowering and fruiting) on the antioxidant contents and antioxidant activity of persimmon leaves. The results showed that the highest antioxidants were obtained in both methods of drying. Also, 100 °C for 120 min of extraction gave the highest antioxidant contents, but with no significant difference compared to 90 °C for 60 min of extraction. Persimmon leaves collected during flowering stage had the maximum amount of antioxidants compared to the fruiting stage. Finally, it can be said that persimmon leaves harvested during flowering stage and treated by hot air drying with these extraction conditions (90 °C for 60 min) are richer in bioactive compounds. Graphical abstract Harvest time, drying method and extraction condition had a significant effect on the antioxidants properties of persimmon leaf.
Why Have Interest Rates Fallen Far Below the Return on Capital

Risk-free rates have been falling since the 1980s. The return on capital, defined here as the profits over the stock of capital, has not. We analyze these trends in a calibrated OLG model designed to encompass many of the "usual suspects" cited in the debate on secular stagnation. Declining labor force and productivity growth imply a limited decline in real interest rates and deleveraging cannot account for the joint decline in the risk free rate and increase in the risk premium. If we allow for a change in the (perceived) risk to productivity growth to fit the data, we find that the decline in the risk-free rate requires an increase in the borrowing capacity of the indebted agents in the model, consistent with the increase in the sum of public and private debt since the crisis but at odds with a deleveraging-based explanation put forth in Eggertsson and Krugman (2012).
CCL22 regulates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by controlling inflammatory macrophage accumulation and effector function

EAE is a demyelinating disease of the CNS and serves as a mouse model of MS. Expression of CCL22 in the draining LNs and spinal cord correlated with the onset of clinical EAE development and remained elevated. Administration of anti‐CCL22 at the time of autoantigen immunization delayed the initiation of clinical disease and dampened the severity of peak initial disease and relapses. Reduced EAE severity correlated with the reduction of pathology and leukocytes in the CNS, particularly, activated CD11b+Ly6Chi macrophages. There were no differences in effector T cell‐proliferative responses or effector T cell IFN‐γ or IL‐17 responses. However, treatment at the onset of disease did not reduce disease progression. Treatment of adoptive T cell transfer recipient mice with anti‐CCL22 resulted in decreased clinical disease development accompanied by a decrease in CNS accumulation of CD11b+Ly6Chi macrophages. Neutralization of CCL22 resulted in a macrophage population whose effector cytokine expression consisted of decreased TNF and increased IL‐10, a phenotype more consistent with M2 macrophages. This was corroborated by in vitro cultures of macrophages with CCL22. These results suggest that CCL22 functions to regulate development of EAE through macrophage chemoattraction and effector function.
A fully-integrated SOI CMOS complex-impedance detector for matching network tuning in LTE power amplifier

This paper describes a wide dynamic-range and accurate complex-impedance detector for adaptive power amplifier load tuning systems. The detector IC, fabricated in a 130 nm SOI technology, consumes 7mA under 2.5V supply voltage. It can handle LTE signals with an input power from 0 dBm up to 40 dBm thanks to its variable attenuator system. System level measurements show that the detector has a very good accuracy in sensing the mismatched load impedance value in the VSWR region from 2∶1 to 6∶1.
Suicidal ideation and attempts among chemically dependent adolescents.

OBJECTIVES Suicidal ideation and attempts were examined in a population of chemically dependent adolescents, a group at high risk of self-destructive behavior. METHODS The prevalence and correlates of suicidality and of major depressive disorder were assessed by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and a structured family and social history interview with 300 addicts aged 15 through 19 years. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was reported by 31% to 75% of the subjects and suicide attempts were reported by 28% to 61%, with females predominating. Thoughts of suicide combined with prolonged thoughts of death in general and a desire to be dead were highly associated with suicide attempts. Exposure to physical or sexual abuse was associated with a significantly increased risk of suicide attempts for males but not for females. CONCLUSIONS The probability of a suicide attempt increases when thoughts of suicide coincide with morbid ideation of extended duration, suggesting that risk assessment should be based on duration as well as presence of morbid thoughts. Substance abuse treatment requires an assessment of suicidal potential and counseling for those whose potential is high, with special attention to males exposed to abuse.
The Comparative Influence of Prophylactic Antibiotics on the Prothrombin Response to Warfarin in the Postoperative Prosthetic Cardiac Valve Patient Cefamandole, Cefazolin, Vancomycin

A prospective randomized trial was conducted comparing the effect of three antibiotics: cefamandole (CM), cefazolin (CZ), and vancomycin (V), used as prophylaxis for prosthetic valve surgery, on the prothrombin (FT) response to warfarin (W) on the third day of anticoagulant therapy. Twenty patients, with normal preoperative PTs, were randomized to each antibiotic. Their PTs were not significantly different at 2 hours after operation and the morning before W was begun. The three groups received similar W doses for 2 days, and the PT, as percentage of activity, on the morning of the third day demonstrated that V (51 ± 18%) was significantly greater (p < 0.005) than CM (29 ± 14%) or CZ (38 ± 18%). CM had a significantly greater percentage of change in PT (64 ± 14%, p < 0.0001) from the first to third day than either CZ (51.1 ± 18%) or V (44. 6 ± 19%). CM also had a greater number of patients (6) with PTs ≥ 30 seconds on day 3 than either CZ (1) or V (1). The antibiotic influence on the PT response to W in this study is ranked as CM > CZ > V.
Trisubstituted Purines Are Useful Tools for Developing Potent Plant Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors

A number of compounds have been reported to be specific inhibitors of protein kinases mediated by structural-based selectivity, but the development of specific inhibitors has not yet been addressed in plant science. Here we tested C2, C6, and N9-trisubstituted purines to determine the basic relationship between their chemical structure and inhibitory activity versus a plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Modification of substitution at positions C2 and N9 caused increased inhibitory activity of 6-benzylaminopurine analogs. In the case of 6-isopentenyladenine derivatives, the addition of a methyl group at position N9 caused at least 2-fold increased inhibitory activity, as compared with the addition of an isopropyl group. The data indicate that the selectivity and potency of inhibitors can be improved by modification of the chemical structure, suggesting that trisubstituted purines are powerful tools for probing biological processes and understanding the physiological roles of MAPK signaling.
ALT-DVS: Dynamic Voltage Scaling with Awareness of Leakage and Temperature for Real-Time Systems

The increasing leakage power and chip temperature in microprocessors are adversely affecting the performance and power consumption in real-time embedded systems. However, the traditional dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) technique, a popular and effective low-power design method, does not include the leakage and temperature impacts. In this work, we consider these two impacts when designing DVS-enabled real-time systems. We study the following problems: how to achieve the maximum computation and how to achieve a given amount of computation with the minimum total energy with the leakage and temperature variance available. The enhanced DVS technique ALT-DVS we proposed leverages the on-chip temperature sensor and the established system-level thermal model to determine the appropriate operating voltage and frequency for a given task, such that each task can be completed before its deadline while the system does not overheat. Our simulation results show that ALT-DVS not only saves more than 20% total energy over pure DVS technique, but also reduces the number of tasks that cannot be completed by DVS due to system overheat.
The rate of CD4 decline as a determinant of progression to AIDS independent of the most recent CD4 count

The data of two cohort studies of HIV-infected individuals were used to examine whether the rate of CD4 decline is a determinant of HIV progression, independent of the most recent CD4 count. Time from seroconversion to clinical AIDS was the main outcome measure. Rates of CD4 decline were estimated using the ordinary least squares regression method. AIDS incidences were compared in individuals who had previously experienced either a steeper or a less steep rate of CD4 decline. Cox proportional hazards model including a time-dependent covariate for the rate of CD4 decline was performed. The rate of prior CD4 decline was significantly associated with the risk of developing AIDS independently from the most recent CD4 count, with a 2% increase in hazard of AIDS (P<·01) for a difference of 10 cells/mm3 in the estimated yearly drop in CD4 count. This finding gives scientific credit to the belief that individuals with a prior steeper CD4 decline consistently have a higher subsequent risk of developing AIDS than those with a less steep prior decline.