Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Rural Women's Breast Cancer Screening Intention in China: A PLS-SEM Approach Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

Background It was reported that the incidence of breast cancer (BC) was the highest among cancers worldwide. The breast cancer screening (BCS) program is regarded as an effective preventive measure. However, rural women's willingness to participate in the BCS program is relatively low. To provide measures to prevent BC, it is necessary for the government to identify the influencing factors of rural women's BCS intention. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3,011 rural women by a convenience sampling method through face-to-face interviews on a self-designed questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was conducted to determine the predictors of BCS intention, and a multi-group analysis (MGA) of age was performed to identify if there were differences in all hypotheses between different age groups. Results There were still rural women who have not been screened for BC in five years (41.7%). The research model of rural women's intention to accept this prevention against BC was rational. All of the hypotheses are supported. Especially, subjective norm (SN) (β = 0.345, p < 0.001) is found to be the strongest predictor followed by the perceived behavioral control 1 (PBC 1) (personal factors, including distance, transportation, busyness, etc.) (β = 0.165, p < 0.001), attitude (β = 0.152, p < 0.001), past behavior (PB) (β = 0.150, p < 0.001), knowledge (β = 0.121, p < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control 2 (PBC 2) (pain and cultural-social factors including embarrassment from a physician, etc.) (β = 0.042, p < 0.05). The advocacy and education (A&E), medical level and service attitude (ML&SA) of township health centers and village clinics can affect behavior intention (BI) via attitude, SN, and PBC. The results of MGA of age indicate that there are significant differences among rural women of different ages regarding the relationship between A&E and PBC 2 (p < 0.01) and the effect of PB on BI (p < 0.001). Conclusion The TPB with the addition of PB, knowledge, ML&SA, and A&E can provide the theoretical basis for the policy intervention that aims to enhance the rural women's BCS willingness. MGA of age is conducive to promoting the implementation of the BCS policy. The findings are of great significance to improve rural women's health levels.
Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training, Moderate Continuous Training, or Guideline-Based Physical Activity on Peak Oxygen Uptake and Myocardial Fibrosis in Patients With Myocardial Infarction: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an emerging method of cardiac rehabilitation, which is more and more popular in recent years. Research into the effect of HIIT on peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) and myocardial fibrosis among patients with myocardial infarction (MI) is lacking. Here, we describe the rationale along with the protocol for a clinical trial to test the following hypotheses: (1) compared with the control group, VO2 peak will be increased in both the moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and HIIT groups and (2) compared with the control group, myocardial fibrosis due to MI will be improved by HIIT and MICT. Methods and Analysis This is a single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial. In total, 180 patients with MI are to be recruited for this study. VO2 peak will be tested by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and myocardial fibrosis will be evaluated by cardiac MR. A variety of blood and psychometric tests and also the peripheral arterial tonometry, reactive hyperemia index for microvascular endothelial function, and microvascular blockage or digital vasomotor response are included. Ethics and Dissemination The ethics committee of the Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital has authorized this mechanistic clinical research. Peer-reviewed articles and conference presentations will be used to disseminate the findings. Trial Registration Number NCT04863677.
Distinct Colony Types Caused by Diploid Male Production in the Buff-Tailed Bumblebee Bombus terrestris

The buff-tailed bumblebee Bombus terrestris presents two distinct colony phenotypes in which some colonies already start producing males very early in the season, while others switch to producing sexuals much later in the season, and specialize mainly in the production of virgin queens. Despite having been extensively investigated in the past, the mechanisms underlying these two distinct phenotypes remain poorly understood. Here we use a combination of behavioral and genetic data to demonstrate that early switchers are in fact diploid male producing colonies, while late switchers produced normal, haploid males. Hence, at a proximate level, early switching to male production was caused by queens mating with males that by chance carried the same sex allele. These patterns were not the result of strong inbreeding within the study population, as the average inbreeding coefficient was very low and in fact slightly negative (−0.11). Moreover, an effect of inbreeding was further excluded because hybrids produced by crossing two distinct outbred populations also produced diploid males in early switching colonies. Finally, we found that diploid males only emerged after a first cohort of workers was produced, while we would have expected diploid males to be produced simultaneously with workers in a 50:50 ratio. We demonstrate that adult diploid males had a distinct cuticular hydrocarbon profile and propose that queens likely cull diploid males during early colony development to reduce the cost of diploid male production.
Dual Roles of OsGH3.2 in Modulating Rice Root Morphology and Affecting Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

Several angiosperm GRETCHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) genes, including tomato SlGH3.4 and rice OsGH3.2 are induced during arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, but their functions remain largely unclear. Recently, tomato SlGH3.4 was suggested to negatively regulate arbuscule incidence via decreasing auxin levels in colonized cells. In this study, by acquiring rice OsGH3.2pro:β-glucuronidase (GUS) transgenic plants and generating Osgh3.2 mutants via CRISPR/Cas9 technique, the roles of OsGH3.2 in modulating rice root morphology and affecting AM symbiosis were investigated through time course experiments. Unlike SlGH3.4, OsGH3.2 showed asymbiotic expression in rice young lateral roots, and its mutation resulted in a “shallow” root architecture. Such root morphological change was also observed under symbiotic condition and it likely promoted AM fungal colonization, as the mutants exhibited higher colonization levels and arbuscule incidence than wild-type at early stages. Similar to SlGH3.4, OsGH3.2 showed symbiotic expression in cortical cells that have formed mature arbuscules. At late stages of symbiosis, Osgh3.2 mutants showed elongated cortical cells and larger arbuscules than wild-type, indicating elevated auxin level in the colonized cells. Together, these results revealed both asymbiotic and symbiotic roles of OsGH3.2 in modulating rice root architecture and controlling auxin levels in arbusculated cells, which further affected colonization rate and arbuscule phenotype.
Physical Activity and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis

Objective To examine the dose-response associations between total physical activity, different intensity of physical activity, and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods and Analysis PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library will be searched from inception to June 2022. Only cohort studies assessing physical activity associations with all-cause mortality among CKD patients will be considered for inclusion. The quality of included cohort studies will be evaluated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The robust error meta-regression (REMR) model will be used to establish dose-response relationships between physical activity and mortality. Additional statistical analysis including Egger's test, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis. The strengths of evidence will be evaluated with the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Ethics and Dissemination Ethics approval is not required as no private information from individuals is collected. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD 42021283630.
Pleasantness and Wellbeing in Poem Declamation in European and Brazilian Portuguese Depends Mostly on Pausing and Voice Quality

This work investigates the relationship between the sensations of pleasantness and wellbeing and the acoustics of poem declamation in two varieties of Portuguese: European and Brazilian. Ten speakers in each variety recited Alberto Caeiro's poem “Quando vier a primavera” to which dataset the declamation by two actors was added. Ten listeners in each variety participated in three perception tests for evaluating the degree of pleasantness and wellbeing of the entire reading in two different sessions by using a 5-degree Likert scale, and for choosing the more pleasant recitation from two recitations of a chunk of the poem. Both reciters and listeners were balanced in gender. A set of 22 prosodic parameters was used for predicting the listeners' evaluations in logistic regression models and linear discriminant analysis. Results showed that the parameters related to pausing and voice quality are the main explanatory variables with a minor role for the F0 median. The actors' recitations are preferred and gender differences are related to reciters, not listeners. Minor differences across the varieties were found.
Dosage Strategy of Linezolid According to the Trough Concentration Target and Renal Function in Chinese Critically Ill Patients

Background: Linezolid is associated with myelosuppression, which may cause failure in optimally treating bacterial infections. The study aimed to define the pharmacokinetic/toxicodynamic (PK/TD) threshold for critically ill patients and to identify a dosing strategy for critically ill patients with renal insufficiency. Methods: The population pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed using the NONMEM program. Logistic regression modeling was conducted to determine the toxicodynamic (TD) threshold of linezolid-induced myelosuppression. The dosing regimen was optimized based on the Monte Carlo simulation of the final model. Results: PK analysis included 127 linezolid concentrations from 83 critically ill patients at a range of 0.25–21.61 mg/L. Creatinine clearance (CrCL) was identified as the only covariate of linezolid clearance that significantly explained interindividual variability. Thirty-four (40.97%) of the 83 patients developed linezolid-associated myelosuppression. Logistic regression analysis showed that the trough concentration (Cmin) was a significant predictor of myelosuppression in critically patients, and the threshold for Cmin in predicting myelosuppression with 50% probability was 7.8 mg/L. The Kaplan–Meier plot revealed that the overall median time from the initiation of therapy to the development of myelosuppression was 12 days. Monte Carlo simulation indicated an empirical dose reduction to 600 mg every 24 h was optimal to balance the safety and efficacy in critically ill patients with CrCL of 30–60 ml/min, 450 mg every 24 h was the alternative for patients with CrCL <30 ml/min, and 600 mg every 12 h was recommended for patients with CrCL ≥60 ml/min. Conclusion: Renal function plays a significant role in linezolid PKs for critically ill patients. A dose of 600 mg every 24 h was recommended for patients with CrCL <60 ml/min to minimize linezolid-induced myelosuppression.
Prognostic Nutritional Index and Oxygen Therapy Requirement Associated With Longer Hospital Length of Stay in Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19: Multicenter Prospective Cohort Analyses

Purpose To evaluate whether the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is related to the oxygen therapy requirement at hospital admission and to ascertain the prognostic effect of the PNI and the oxygen therapy requirement as predictors of hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This is a post-hoc analysis in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. The participants were categorized: (1) non-oxygen therapy (moderate COVID-19 not requiring oxygen therapy); (2) nasal cannula therapy (severe COVID-19 requiring nasal cannula oxygen therapy); and (3) high-flow therapy (severe COVID-19 requiring high-flow oxygen therapy). PNI was calculated for each patient according to the following equation: serum albumin [g/dL] × 10 + total lymphocyte count [per mm3] × 0.005. The participants were categorized into malnutrition (PNI <40), mild malnutrition (PNI 40–45), and non-malnutrition (PNI > 45). Results According to PNI, malnutrition was more prevalent in the high-flow therapy group (94.9%; P < 0.001) with significantly lower PNI compared to both groups even after adjusting for the center and C-reactive protein. Patients in the high-flow therapy group [9 days (95% CI 7.2, 10.7), P < 0.001] and malnutrition status [7 days (95% CI 6.6, 7.4), P = 0.016] showed a significant longer hospital length of stay compared to their counterparts. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard models showed significant associations between both oxygen therapy requirement and PNI categories and hospital discharge. Conclusion In addition to oxygen therapy requirement, low PNI was associated with longer hospital length of stay. Our findings suggest that PNI could be useful in the assessment of nutritional status related to the prognosis of patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.
Heat Shock Proteins and Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis is a new form of regulatory cell death named by Dixon in 2012, which is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and iron ions. Molecular chaperones are a class of evolutionarily conserved proteins in the cytoplasm. They recognize and bind incompletely folded or assembled proteins to help them fold, transport or prevent their aggregation, but they themselves do not participate in the formation of final products. As the largest number of molecular chaperones, heat shock proteins can be divided into five families: HSP110 (HSPH), HSP90 (HSPC), HSP70 (HSPA), HSP40 (DNAJ) and small heat shock proteins (HSPB). Different heat shock proteins play different roles in promoting or inhibiting ferroptosis in different diseases. It is known that ferroptosis is participated in tumors, nervous system diseases, renal injury and ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, there are few reviews about the relationship of heat shock proteins and ferroptosis. In this study, we systematically summarize the roles of heat shock proteins in the occurrence of ferroptosis, and predict the possible mechanisms of different families of heat shock proteins in the development of ferroptosis.
Identification of fishing type from VMS data based on artificial neural network

Unreasonable fishing ways lead to decay of marine fishery resources and destruction of marine ecological environment. In re- cent years, vessel monitoring system has been used for vessel safety supervision, fishery resources management, marine ecological envi- ronment protection, etc. The paper selects 78 vessels fishing in offshore China, including 15 flow gill net fishing boats, 39 trawlers and 24 flow stow net fishing boats and used BP neural network as model to identify fishing type by speed and azimuth from Beidou VMS data in 2014. Results show that the correct rates of identification based on speed were 93. 6% and 91% , both could classify fishing types well. For trawler and flow stow net fishing boats, the correct classification were both over 90% , but that of flow gill net fishing boat was only about 70% , which might be resulted from insufficient network training, or speed and lack of characteristic azimuth data.
The Influence of Self-Serving Leadership on Deviant Behaviors in the Workplace: A Moderated Mediation Model

Self-serving leadership is a typical example of destructive leadership that has negative effects on its subordinates and organization. According to social identity theory, we propose a theoretical model that self-serving leadership induces employee interpersonal deviance and organizational deviance through organization identification, and we explore the moderating role of moral identity in this relationship. Based on survey data collected from 377 questionnaires by using a three-wave time lagged design, structural equation modeling results showed that (1) there was a significant positive correlation between self-serving leadership and employees’ deviant behavior, (2) organizational identification partially mediates the relationship between self-serving leadership and employees’ deviant behavior, and (3) employees’ moral identity negatively moderates the relationship between self-serving leadership and employees’ organizational identification. The findings further extend the research on the influence of self-serving leadership on employee workplace deviance. They also reveal the mechanisms and boundary conditions of the effect of self-serving leadership on employee workplace deviance.
Impact of Thin-Ideals in Influencer Posts Promoting Healthy vs. Unhealthy Foods on Tweens’ Healthy Food Choice Behavior

The current study examines how social media influencers can be deployed to promote healthy food choice behavior among tweens. In particular, we investigated whether tweens’ healthy food choice behavior can be stimulated by using a thin-ideal influencer in a sponsored influencer post promoting unhealthy vs. healthy food. A two-by-two, between-subjects experimental study (influencer weight: thin-ideal vs. overweight; snack-type: unhealthy vs. healthy) was conducted with 146 tweens (11–13 years old, 73 boys). Results show that tweens’ choice for a healthy snack was higher when a (female) overweight influencer promoted an unhealthy snack (compared to a healthy snack). Using a thin-ideal influencer promoting an unhealthy vs. healthy snack did not affect tweens’ healthy food choices. While there were no interaction effects of influencer weight and snack type on source effects (influencer credibility, influencer admiration, and trans-parasocial interactions), the results did show that the influencer was perceived as less credible and was admired less when she was overweight vs. when she had a thin-ideal body-type.
Reproductive Biology of Female Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the Gulf of Alaska

Developing a robust understanding of Pacific halibut reproductive biology is essential to understanding the different components (e.g. maturity) that determine the reproductive output of the species and, therefore, for estimating the relative female spawning biomass. With these, effective and proactive management strategies can be designed and implemented to face the large-scale environmental changes to which high-latitude spawning fish are particularly vulnerable. To date, reproductive studies of Pacific halibut have mainly focused on population or regional scales, leaving the specific details of organism-level reproductive development unexamined. The work described here aimed to address information gaps in Pacific halibut reproductive biology by conducting a detailed histological examination of temporal changes in ovarian development over an annual reproductive cycle with special attention to the use of biological indicators (e.g. oocyte diameter, gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, Fulton’s condition factor, somatic fat) in characterizing female developmental stages and reproductive phases. Our results provide a foundation for future studies directed at improving current maturity estimations by histological assessment and explore models that test the utility of biological indicators to predict maturity in this important fish species.
Investigation of Radiation Characteristics of Microstrip Etches

Single and asymmetric parallel microstrip etches terminated by arbitrary complex impedances, that are often used as models for interconnects, are investigated in this work. The current distributions on and the spurious radiation from these etches are obtained by using the method of moments in conjunction with the closed-form, spatial domain Green's functions. Such spatial domain formulation is more efficient, by almost two orders of magnitude in computation time, than the conventional spectral domain approach in which the transformed version of the Green's functions are employed. The derivation of the closedform spatial domain Green's functions for the vector and scalar potentials is presented for a microstrip geometry with a substrate and a superstrate, whose thicknesses can be arbitrary. The current distributions on the microstrip etches, computed by using these Green's functions, are compared with those derived from an approximate transmission line analysis. The computed current distributions are subsequently used to calculate the spurious radiated power from single as well as asymmetric parallel microstrip lines with arbitrary terminations.
Power, Communication and Sensing Solutions for Energy Constrained Platforms

Power, Communication and Sensing Solutions for Energy Constrained Platforms Vamsi Talla Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Joshua R. Smith Computer Science & Engineering and Electrical Engineering We live in a world where mobile devices such as smartphones, smart watches and tablets are commonplace. With rapid strides in technology, we have come a long way from the first main frame computer ENIAC, which occupied 167m2 and consumed 150 kW of electricity. But, we cannot stand still. We are still ways off from the vision of ubiquitous computing where, devices permeate our surroundings and function perpetually, without the need for maintenance or any user interference. Our current devices are either tethered to power cords or use batteries which require constant supervision and maintenance. In this work we introduce power, communication and sensing technologies to help us achieve the vision of ubiquitous computing. We note that batteries are too restricting for a large number of applications. First, we present RF energy harvesting solutions to replace batteries with power harvested from ambient RF signals. We show that we can use ambient TV and RFID signals to power computing and sensing devices. Next we show that we can transform a Wi-Fi router, a ubiquitous part of the wireless infrastructure into a source of far field wireless power, but without significantly compromising the performance of the Wi-Fi communication. For communication, we observe that traditional radio based communication is extremely power hungry which limits the lifespan of the device and makes energy harvesting impractical. We show that, using backscatter communication techniques, we can leverage ambient RF signals such as TV and RFID for power and communication between battery-free devices. This enables ubiquitous communication where devices can communicate among themselves at unprecedented scales and in locations that were previously inaccessible. Next, to bring the benefits of backscatter communication to mainstream applications, we demonstrate that using backscatter, we can synthesize Wi-Fi packets at 3–4 orders of magnitude lower power than Wi-Fi radios. These Wi-Fi transmissions at 1-11 Mbps data rate can be received on standard Wi-Fi radios, bringing low power connectivity to the Wi-Fi space. Finally, we demonstrate that backscatter techniques can also be applied to sensing to reduce power consumption. We use analog backscatter to directly transmit sensor information to a reader at zero power and combine this technique with digital backscatter to develop a digital addressable battery-free microphone. We believe the technologies developed in this work will bring up a step closer to a world where we are surrounded by perpetually operating devices.