Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global ozone and air quality: a multi-model assessment of risks to human health and crops

Within ACCENT, a European Network of Excellence, eighteen atmospheric models from the U.S., Europe, and Japan calculated present (2000) and future (2030) concentrations of ozone at the Earth's surface with hourly temporal resolution. Comparison of model results with surface ozone measurements in 14 world regions indicates that levels and seasonality of surface ozone in North America and Europe are characterized well by global models, with annual average biases typically within 5–10 nmol/mol. However, comparison with rather sparse observations over some regions suggest that most models overestimate annual ozone by 15–20 nmol/mol in some locations. Two scenarios from the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and one from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES) have been implemented in the models. This study focuses on changes in near-surface ozone and their effects on human health and vegetation. Different indices and air quality standards are used to characterise air quality. We show that often the calculated changes in the different indices are closely inter-related. Indices using lower thresholds are more consistent between the models, and are recommended for global model analysis. Our analysis indicates that currently about two-thirds of the regions considered do not meet health air quality standards, whereas only 2–4 regions remain below the threshold. Calculated air quality exceedances show moderate deterioration by 2030 if current emissions legislation is followed and slight improvements if current emissions reduction technology is used optimally. For the "business as usual" scenario severe air quality problems are predicted. We show that model simulations of air quality indices are particularly sensitive to how well ozone is represented, and improved accuracy is needed for future projections. Additional measurements are needed to allow a more quantitative assessment of the risks to human health and vegetation from changing levels of surface ozone.
Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia (sAML) Immediately after Intensive Chemotherapy of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

A 20-year-old woman was admitted to our unit, because of pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Classical cytogenetics revealed a normal karyotype. In FISH analysis no TEL-AML1 fusion, rearranged MLL gene, or BCRABL were found. The induction and consolidation chemotherapy was conducted according to protocol PALG 5-2007. In the assessment of minimal residual disease using flow cytometry after consolidation 0.02% of the baseline phenotype of lymphoblasts were found. After two weeks of the completion of intensive chemotherapy, the patient was admitted in emergency to hematology inpatient unit, because of secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). The conventional cytogenetic karyotype was complex: 46, XX, der (7) t (5;7;10;? )del(7)(q22), t(11;17)(p11;q21),del(14)(q24q32). After the diagnosis of sAML, induction chemotherapy was given according to the program PALG DAC: cytarabine 329 mg/d 1-7, daunorubicin 90 mg iv/d 1-3, cladribine 8 mg/d 1-5. The patient died due to progression of refractory leukemia in 45 days. The risk of developing of the sAML after treatment of ALL in adults is about 0.5-1% after few years. Our case was unique, because sAML developed rapidly, just after five months of ALL diagnosis, three months after CR1 and two weeks after completion of consolidation chemotherapy.
Strain behaviour in composite plate girders with imperfect shear connection

This paper is concerned with the experimental study on the behaviour of strain in steel-concrete composite plate girders having imperfect shear connection. A number of slender girders of practical size were loaded to failure under shear applied at the mid-span. The main variables considered in this study are the longitudinal spacing of stud connector, diameter of stud shank, number of studs along the upper flange and concrete strength. Strains were measured extensively at specified load levels and locations across the concrete slab width and across the whole depth of the girder. The test results have shown variations of strain from girder to girder due to effects of reaction at supports, compression and tension parts of the girders as well as imperfection in the shear connection. Strains across the slab width show arbitrary respond with maximum tension and compression values of 4284μɛ and 4622μɛ, respectively. Across the girder depth, girders with low degree of shear connection display high step change to the extent of 736μɛ due to incompatibility between two strains at the interface. Slip strain is found maximum near the mid-span of the girders in all cases.
Financial Fraud Detection Model: Based on Random Forest

Business’s accelerated globalization has weakened regulatory capacity of the law and scholars have been paid attention to fraud detection in recent years. In this study, we introduced Random Forest (RF) for financial fraud technique detection and detailed features selection, variables’ importance measurement, partial correlation analysis and Multidimensional analysis. The results show that a combination of eight variables has the highest accuracy. The ratio of debt to equity (DEQUTY) is the most important variable in the model. Moreover, we applied four statistic methodologies, including parametric and non-parametric models to construct detection models and concluded that Random Forest has the highest accuracy and the non-parametric models have higher accuracy than non-parametric models. However, Random Forest can improve the detection efficiency significantly and have an important practical implication.
On Regularization Methods for Inverse Problems of Dynamic Type

ABSTRACT In this paper, we consider new regularization methods for linear inverse problems of dynamic type. These methods are based on dynamic programming techniques for linear quadratic optimal control problems. Two different approaches are followed: a continuous and a discrete one. We prove regularization properties and also obtain rates of convergence for the methods derived from both approaches. A numerical example concerning the dynamic EIT problem is used to illustrate the theoretical results.
Development of a non-radioactive molecular hybridization probe for detecting Strawberry mottle virus in strawberry

The vegetative propagation of strawberries favors transmission of systemic pathogens, such as viruses, which are one of the main yield-limiting factors for this crop. More than 20 viruses have been described as infecting this species; one of the most frequent is the Strawberry mottle virus (SMoV), which is responsible for significant economic losses. SMoV is usually detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), given that serum is not available for serological tests. In this study, a non-radioactive molecular probe was developed for SMoV detection. The cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR using specific primers designed from the 3'UTR region of the viral genome. The cloned cDNA segment was labeled and used as a probe. Six RNA extraction protocols were evaluated, and the modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method showed the highest sensitivity level. Leaves at different phenological stages and petioles were evaluated; the highest reaction was observed in old leaves and in petioles.
Structural Implications of Universal Complementarities in Translation—High Accuracy at the Decoding Site

X-ray structures of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) bound to the whole ribosome do not fully explain the mechanism of translation. The cause of the failure seems to come mainly from a high Mg2+ ion concentration compared to that in the living cells. There exists a wide range of nucleotide sequence conservation in tRNA and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) of small and large subunits as well as sequence complementarities, that seems to explain how high accuracy in translation can be achieved at the decoding site. Conformational transition between U33-folded and U33-extended forms of anticodon loops of tRNAs and G-C pair formation and disruption between C1399 and G1504 of 16S rRNA, etc. play the central role in explaining why E-site tRNA can automatically be expelled when an aminoacyl-tRNA at the A site turns out to be cognate.
Cadmium Induces the Activation and Expression of MTF-1 Protein As a Biomolecular Response of Sea Urchins Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778) at Ambon Bay, Maluku Province

It is known that cadmium has toxic effect on living organisms. However, the bodies of living organisms have the ability to regulate a wide range of toxic entering by using the biomolecular response that aims at maintaining cell homeostasis. In this research, an induction of cadmium in sea urchins Diadema setosum was carried out. Cadmium was induced in 6 levels of concentration in six treatment groups of D. setosum from Ambon Bay, Maluku Province. Each group consisted of 7 individuals.The examination of MTF-1 protein activation was carried out by immunehistochemical method, the measurement of MTF-1 protein concentration was carried out by the indirect ELISA method (EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay) and the examination of MTF-1 protein expression was carried out by western blotting method. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and One Way ANOVA followed by Duncan test (0.05 significantly) to determine the mean difference of MTF-1 protein concentration of D. setosum. The research results showed that cadmium induction activated MTF-1 characterized by the condition of liver cells of D. setosum which was brown. The higher the exposure of cadmium concentration on D. setosum, the higher the concentration of MTF-1 expressed.
Subjective Well-Being Among Young Married Women: Assessing Their Satisfaction with Life in North Dinajpur District of West Bengal, India

Subjective wellbeing describes how people experience the quality of their life and has gained importance in recent psychological research. This paper assesses the subjective wellbeing among young women by measuring their overall satisfaction with life. Data come from a primary survey of 500 young married women (18-30 years) in 10 selected villages of North Dinajpur District of West Bengal. Sixty per cent of the women were satisfied with their life conditions as they “have gotten the important things in life, they are satisfied with life, in most ways their life is close to ideal, the conditions of life are excellent and if they could live their life over, they would change almost nothing”. In contrast, around one fourth of them were dissatisfied. Multivariate analysis revealed that respondents belonging to Muslim community, having higher education, any mass media exposure and arranged marriages were more likely to be satisfied than their other counterparts. Women who experienced any form of spousal violence and exhibited mental health problems were less likely to be satisfied with life. Conversely, higher marital satisfaction, high religiosity and higher social support among them had significant positive relationship with their overall life satisfaction.
Intrinsically Ties Adjusted Sign Test by Ranks

This paper proposes and discusses a non-parametric statistical method for the analysis of paired or matched sample data based on ranks rather than on the raw scores themselves. The proposed method intrinsically and structurally adjusts the test statistic for the possible presence of tied observations between the sampled populations and hence obviates the need to require these populations to be continuous. The number k used in the ranking may be any real number and does not affect the result of the analysis. The proposed method can be used with both numeric and nonnumeric measurements on as low as the ordinal scale and is easily modified for use with one sample data. The method is illustrated with some data and shown to compare favorably with the usual sign test and the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test in cases where these two methods may be equally used in data analysis.
The Sensitivity and Specificity of Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) Questionnaire as a Diagnostic Tool for Allergic Rhinitis in H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan

Background: The Skin Prick Test (SPT) is the gold standard for diagnosing allergic rhinitis (AR), however, its availability is still limited hence the need of the alternative options which are simple, fast, cost-effective, easy-handled by general practitioners, and have a low rejection rate for AR are required. Score For Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) is a questionnaire that has been used in several studies for the identification of AR. Aim:To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the SFAR questionnaire for diagnosing AR. Method:This was across-sectional study conducted in the ENT-HN outclinic of H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan with a sample size of 42 patients. The study performed the anamnesis, physical examination, the SFAR questionnaire test, and SPT. The diagnosis of ARwas made if the SFAR score was ≥ 7 and a score of <7 was defined as not AR. Results:Among the 42 patients, the SFAR ≥ 7 and positive skin prick test was found in 38 patients (90.5%). The sensitivity of the SFAR questionnaire was 97% and the specificity was 33% with a positive predictive value of 95% and a negative predictive value of 50%.
Spatial structure of plasma flow associated turbulence in the Earth's plasma sheet

Using Cluster multipoint magnetic and plasma measurements we analyze the spatial structure of plasma flow-associated turbulence on 26 September 2005. The fortunate relative configuration of the spacecraft and the plasma flow allowed for the first time to compare the scale evolution of statistical moments both at the boundary and in the central part of the flow at the same time. The simultaneous increase of skewness and kurtosis at the boundary of the plasma flow over the time scale of seconds provides evidence for the existence of nonlocal coupling in flow-associated turbulence in the Earth's plasma sheet.
Sensitivity to speech rhythm explains individual differences in reading ability independently of phonological awareness

This study considered whether sensitivity to speech rhythm can predict concurrent variance in reading attainment after individual differences in age, vocabulary, and phonological awareness have been controlled. Five- to six-year-old English-speaking children completed a battery of phonological processing assessments and reading assessments, along with a simple word stress manipulation task. The results showed that performance on the stress manipulation measure predicted a significant amount of variance in reading attainment after age, vocabulary, and phonological processing had been taken into account. These results suggest that stress sensitivity is an important, yet neglected, aspect of English-speaking children's phonological representations, which needs to be incorporated into theoretical accounts of reading development.
Classification methods for documents with both fixed and free formats by PLSI model

Related area: data base, information retrieval, knowledge acquisition, text mining, classification, clustering Abstract — Based on information retrieval model especially probabilistic latent semantic indexing (PLSI) model, we discuss methods for classification and clustering of a set of documents. A method for classification is presented and is demonstrated its good performance by applying to a set of benchmark documents with free format (text only). Then the classification method is modified to a clustering method and the clustering method is applied to partition experimental documents with fixed and free formats into two clusters, where the experimental documents are obtained from student questionnaires. Since the experimental documents are already categorized, the clustering method can be clearly evaluated its performance. The method has better performance compared to the conventional one based on the vector space model. The purpose of these questionnaires is to obtain useful knowledge for improvements in quality of education.
Plasticity and biotic interactions mediate plant persistence in a changing world

Elevation gradients are frequently used as space-for-time substitutions to infer species’ trait responses to climate change. However, studies rarely investigate whether trait responses to elevation are widespread or population-specific within a species. Moreover, the relative genetic and plastic contributions to such trait responses may not be well understood. Here, we examine plant trait variation across individuals of the dominant woody shrub, Rhododendron maximum, along elevation gradients in three populations in the South Central Appalachian Mountains, USA, in both field and common garden environments. We ask the following: (1) do plant traits vary along elevation? (2) do trait responses to elevation differ across populations, and if so, why? and (3) does genetic differentiation or phenotypic plasticity drive trait variation within and among populations? We found that internode length, shoot length, leaf dry mass, and leaf area varied along elevation, but that these responses were generally unique to one population, suggesting that trait responses to environmental gradients may be populationspecific. A common garden experiment identified no genetic basis to trait variation along elevation of origin but detected population-level genetic differentiation in traits, suggesting that plasticity drives local trait differentiation while genetic variation drives regional differentiation. Our findings highlight the importance of examining multiple
Emotional Assuring, Trust Building, and Resource Mobilization in Start-Up Organizations

Based on a five-year field study of six new ventures, we investigate whether and how organization foun-ders use affective influence, a form of emotion management, with diverse stakeholders, namely investors, board members, customers, and employees. We found wide differences in founders' propensity to use affective influence actions and that not all affective influence actions were effective in mobilizing re-sources for the new firm. We identified a particular form of beneficial affective influence we call "emo-tional assuring," which refers to affective influence actions that seek to build three different dimensions of trust in regard to the new firm: (1) the firm's integrity, (2) the founder's competence as an entrepreneur, and (3) the founder's benevolent character. Although firms that practiced little emotional assuring could mobilize adequate resources as well as firms that did it in munificent environments, the latter gained an upper hand and were more resilient under tough economic conditions. We also identified the moderating conditions and limitations of emotional assuring.
The microbial food web associated with the ice algal assemblage: biomass and bacterivory of nanoflagellate protozoans in Resolute Passage (High Canadian Arctic)

Biomass and grazing activity of sea ice microorganisms smaller than 20 pm were studied at Resolute Passage in the Canadian Arctic during the algal bloom in spring 1992. The spatial variation in biornass beneath a 225 m2 area with changing snow cover was almost as great as the temporal change (under a constant snow cover) over the 5 wk sampling period. Cell density in the ice varied from 57 X 107 to 2.6 X 10' cells m-' Total bacterivory of the protozoan community was assessed by measuring the disappearance of fluorescently labelled bacteria over 20 h. Feeding rates by heterotrophic nanoprotozoans (HNAN) were high at the beginning of the sampling period (late April) but decreased to very low values by the end of May; HNAN clearance rates ranged from 53 to 86 nl HNAN-' h' (mean = 12 nl HNAN-I h-') while ingestion rates ranged from 53 to 64 bacteria HNAN-' h' The carbon budget analysis indicates that bacteria alone could not provide the required energy for the observed protozoan growth. The results suggest that a shift in the grazing behavior of HNAN occurred during the bloom season, modifying the microbial food web dynamics.
A Comprehensive Study of DRAM Controllers in Real-Time Systems

The DRAM main memory is a critical component and a performance bottleneck of almost all computing systems. Since the DRAM is a shared memory resource on multi-core platforms, all cores contend for the memory bandwidth. Therefore, there is a keen interest in the real-time community to design predictable DRAM controllers to provide a low memory access latency bound to meet the strict timing requirement of real-time applications. Due to the lack of generalization of publicly available DRAM controller models in full-system and DRAM device simulators, researchers often design in-house simulator to validate their designs. An extensible cycle-accurate DRAM controller simulation framework is developed to simplify the process of validating new DRAM controller designs. To prove the extensibility and reusability of the framework, ten state-of-the-art predictable DRAM controllers are implemented in the framework with less than 200 lines of new code. With the help of the framework, a comprehensive evaluation of state-of-the-art predictable DRAM controllers is performed analytically and experimentally to show the impact of different system parameters. This extensive evaluation allows researchers to assess the contribution of state-of-the-art DRAM controller approaches. At last, a novel DRAM controller with request reordering technique is proposed to provide a configurable trade-off between latency bound and bandwidth in mixed-critical systems. Compared to the state-of-the-art DRAM controller, there is a balance point between the two designs which depends on the locality of the task under analysis and the DRAM device used in the system.
Aggressive and depressed: long-term outcomes of childhood maltreatment

Prior research has established a relationship between childhood maltreatment and resulting maladaptive outcomes, specifically, aggressive behaviors and depressive symptomology. The present research sought to extend the current body of literature by determining whether distinctive forms and functions of aggression are related to severity of childhood maltreatment, and whether gender plays a moderating role in this relationship, and if depression is uniquely associated with maltreatment and aggression type within an undergraduate population. Results were analyzed through a 2 x 2 betweengroup factorial analysis of variance. Findings from the current study suggest that physical and psychological abuse are the strongest predictors of later maladaptive outcomes, both aggressive and depressive symptomology. Table of
Designing mental health delivery systems: Where do we start?

Healthcare services that consistently meet the needs of service users have to be designed. The growing demand for better quality of care, together with an increasing awareness of limited resources, are bringing attention to the need for design in healthcare. In mental health, considered the largest cause of disability in the UK, the need is great. Existing services often fail to meet demands and do not consistently deliver good quality care for all service users. The design of better delivery systems has the potential to improve service user experience and care outcome. But, where do we start? This paper reports the first stage of an ongoing research to co-design a language for designing mental health services. This stage of the research identified, through focus groups and interviews with service users and clinicians, the key components of a mental health service. This paper argues that an appropriate concept of a mental health delivery service as a system, the identification of its key components and an understanding of the association between these components form an essential first step in designing such a system.