Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ameliorated Automated Facial Fracture Detection System using CNN

The fracture of the bone is common issue in human body occurs when the pressure is applied on bone or minor accident and also due to osteoporosis and bone cancer. Therefore the accurate diagnosis of bone fracture is an important aspects in medical field. In this work X-ray/CT images are used for the bone fracture analysis. The main aim of the this project is to develop an image processing based efficient system for a quick and accurate classification of bone fractures based on the information gained from the x-ray / CT images of the skull. X- ray/CT scan images of the fractured bone are collected from the hospital and processing techniques like pre-processing method, segmentation method, edge detection and feature extraction methods are adopted. The images are tested out by considering the image slice of single slice and also grouping the slices of the patients. The patients CT scan/X-ray image was classified if bone is fractured then if two following slices were categorized with a probability fracture higher than 0.99. The results of the patient x-ray images show that the model accuracy of the maxillofacial fractures is contains 80%. Even the radiologist’s work is not replaced by the MFDS model system, it is useful only for the providing valuable assistive support, it reduces the human error in the medical field, preventing the harm for the patients by minimizing the diagnostic delays, and reducing the incongruous burden of hospitalization.
Development and Primary Application of an Indirect ELISA Based on Rep Protein to Analyze Antibodies against Porcine Cocirvirus-like Virus (PCLV)

Porcine circovirus-like virus (PCLV) is a member of circovirus that contains a single-strand DNA genome, which may be one of the pathogens that causes diarrheal symptoms in pigs. The Rep protein encoded by the genome of PCLV may be responsible for viral genome replication. The development of serological detection methods for PCLV is of great necessity for clinical diagnosis, as well as epidemiological investigations. Therefore, this study attempted to build an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine antibodies against PCLV based on the His-tagged recombinant Rep protein. Full-length PCLV Rep protein was induced and expressed in E. coli and was purified as an antigen to establish an ELISA detection kit. The purified Rep protein was used to inject into mice to produce specific antibodies. There was no cross-reaction of Rep-based ELISA with antisera against other porcine viruses. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient variations (CVs) were 0.644–8.211% and 0.859–7.246%, respectively, indicating good repeatability. The non-cross-reaction with TGEV, PRRSV and PCV2 testing showed high sensitivity and high specificity for this ELISA assay. A total of 1593 serum samples collected from different pig farms in Jiangxi Province were tested for anti-PCLV Rep antibodies, and 284 (17.83%) of the 1593 samples were Rep antibody positive. Altogether, the indirect ELISA detection tool developed in this study could be applied to examine serum of PCLV antibodies with good repeatability, high sensitivity and high specificity. In addition, field sample detection results suggested that the PCLV antibody has a low prevalence in pig populations in Jiangxi Province of China.
Analysis of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Mutations, Microsatellite Instability, and Relevant Prognosis Effects in Patients With Early Colorectal Cancer: A Cohort Study in East Asia

Background Early colorectal cancer (ECRC) refers to any size of colorectal cancer (CRC) whose depth of invasion is limited to the mucosa and submucosa. About 10% of patients with ECRC die from cancer after surgery. KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) are considered diagnostic and prognostic markers in CRC. However, their characteristics in ECRC and whether postoperative chemotherapy based on them will benefit ECRC patients or not remain unknown. Patients and Methods Patients with ECRC and 298 patients with advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC) were collected in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2015. The Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS)-PCR was used to perform the KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutant tests. Results In ECRC patients, 43 cases of KRAS mutation were found, accounting for 69.35%. Interestingly, among KRAS mutations, there were 10 KRAS multi-site mutation patients (16.13% in 62 ECRC patients). Moreover, the NRAS mutation rate was 3.23% but no BRAF mutation was found and only 1 case of MSI-High was detected. KRAS mutation was only related to the depth of tumor invasion whereas KRAS multi-site mutations were related to mucus components and tumor size. As far as NRAS is concerned, mutations were associated with elevated CEA, mucus components, and the depth of tumor invasion. Notably, compared with 2.35% KRAS multi-site mutation in ACRC, the rate of KRAS multi-site mutation in ECRC was much higher. Furthermore, Cox regression analysis revealed that KRAS mutation could be an independent prognostic factor of ECRC in patients who have undergone endoscopic resection or surgery. Conclusion Patients with ECRC might benefit from KRAS mutation testing but not from postoperative chemotherapy.
Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Interleukin-23-Targeted Drugs in the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis

In this study, our purpose was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of interleukin-23 (IL-23)-targeted drugs in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis and provide an evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. A computer search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese Journal Full Text Database, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database was conducted from the establishment of the database to 2021-09-30. The efficacy of IL-23-targeted drugs (trial group) was compared with placebo (control group) in the treatment of psoriasis; i.e., PASI score improvement of 75% or more (PASI 75, PASI 90, and PASI 100) and the safety of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.4. 3 statistical software after data extraction for clinical studies that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 9 studies were included, all included studies were large multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, and all used correct randomization methods and were of good quality. Meta-analysis showed that the improvement rates of PASI 75, PASI 90, and PASI 100 in the test group were superior to those in the control group (OR = 70.21 (42.25, 166.66), P < 0.00001), (OR = 78.41 (53.09, 115.79), P < 0.00001), and (OR = 77.10 (38.61, 153.99), P < 0.00001), P < 0.05. However, more adverse effects occurred, and the differences were statistically significant. IL-23-targeted drugs have significantly higher response rates compared to placebo in the treatment of psoriasis, and the safety was acceptable.
Optimal Reserve Inventory between Two Machines when the Repair Time has Change of Distribution after a Change Point

In this paper an inventory model is derived under a situation that when two machines M1 and M 2 are in series and the output of machine M 1 is the input for machine M 2. The purpose of this model is to derive an optimum reserve inventory for the machine M 2 when the machine M 1 goes to repair state or down state. It is considered that the repair time or the down time of M1 is taken as a random variable and undergoes a change of distribution at a particular point called the change point. Numerical Illustrations are provided by considering suitable situations.
In-Situ Estimates of Net Ecosystem Metabolisms in the Rocky Habitats of Dokdo Islets in the East Sea of Korea

We measured oxygen (O2) fluxes in two major shallow subtidal benthic habitats (kelp bed (KB) and bare rock (BR) covered with crustose coralline algae) of Dokdo islet in the East Sea by applying noninvasive in-situ aquatic eddy covariance (AEC). The AEC device allows time series measurements (~24 h) of three-dimensional velocity (u, v, and w components) and high-resolution dissolved O2. This allows estimation of O2 exchange flux via benthic habitats. Local flow rates and irradiance levels were found to be major factors controlling O2 exchange flux in the rocky habitats. Gross primary production rates tended to be significantly higher in KB (163 mmol O2 m–2 d–1) than in BR (51 mmol O2 m–2 d–1). The net ecosystem metabolisms were assessed as opposite types, with 8 mmol O2 m–2 d–1 in KB (autotrophy) and –12 mmol O2 m–2 d–1 in BR (heterotrophy). Our results indicate that kelp beds are important for organic carbon cycling in rocky coastal waters and that AEC application to macroalgae habitats is a useful assessment approach.
Are the effects of energy security on economic growth symmetric or asymmetric in Turkey? An application of non-linear ARDL

This paper is examined whether the relationship between economic growth and energy security risk level is symmetric or asymmetric in the case of Turkey between 1980 and 2018. What makes different of this study from the others few studies that examine the effects of energy security on economic growth by considering the 4A of energy security is that it examines the asymmetric impacts of energy security on economic growth by using the NARDL method. Accordingly, the results of the linear ARDL demonstrate that there is no long-term relationship between energy security risk level and economic growth. On the other hand, the results of the non-linear ARDL indicate that there is an asymmetrical relationship between economic growth and energy security risk level both in the long and short-term. Furthermore, according to the NARDL results, a 1% increase in energy security risk level decreases economic growth by approximately 0.60%, while a 1% decrease in energy security risk level increases economic growth by approximately 1.72%. These results demonstrate that economic growth in Turkey is significantly affected by positive and negative changes in the energy security risk level. Therefore, the results reveal the importance of policies to ensure energy security and allow for important policy implications for policymakers.
Polycystin-1 promotes PKCa-mediated NF-jB activation in kidney cells

Polycystin-1 (PC1), the PKD1 gene product, is a membrane receptor which regulates many cell functions, including cell proliferation and apoptosis, both typically increased in cyst lining cells in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Here we show that PC1 upregulates the NF-jB signalling pathway in kidney cells to prevent cell death. Human embryonic kidney cell lines (HEK293 CTT ), stably expressing a PC1 cytoplasmic terminal tail (CTT), presented increased NF-jB nuclear levels and NF-jB-mediated luciferase promoter activity. This, consistently, was reduced in HEK293 cells in which the endogenous PC1 was depleted by RNA interference. CTT-dependent NF-jB promoter activation was mediated by PKCa because it was blocked by its specific inhibitor Ro-320432. Furthermore, it was observed that apoptosis, which was increased in PC1-depleted cells, was reduced in HEK293 CTT cells and in porcine kidney LtTA cells expressing a doxycycline-regulated CTT. Staurosporine, a PKC inhibitor, and parthenolide, a NF-jB inhibitor, significantly reduced the CTT-dependent antiapoptotic effect. These data reveal, therefore, a novel pathway by which polycystin-1 activates a PKCa-mediated NF-jB signalling and cell survival.
Multiple-access multiple-input multiple-output (mimo) communication system

Better utilization and robust (robust) technology to achieve the performance of the resources available for the downlink and uplink in a multiple access MIMO system. The data transmission in order to further closely adapted to the capacity of the channel based on the channel state information, a technique for adaptive processing the data before transmission is provided. Various receiver processing techniques are provided for processing a data transmission received by multiple antennas at the receiver unit. Adaptive reuse scheme and power backoff may also further increase the spectral efficiency of the system (e.g., to reduce interference and improve reception area, and to achieve a high throughput) as to operate the cells in the system It is provided to. Efficiently plan a technique for data transmission on the downlink and uplink are provided. Schedule planning approach (to maximize the processing capacity) to optimize the transmission for a single or a large number of terminals to meet the various constraints and requirements are designed to.
Transparent Conductive Oxides. Part I. General Review of Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of TCOs Related to the Growth Techniques, Materials and Dopants

This contribution, based on literature review, presents a general overview of properties and applications of transparent conductive oxides, TCO. The requested properties of TCO are a high conductivity associated to high transparency in a wide wavelength range. The relation between the techniques used for deposition or growing TCO and the possibility of their doping with appropriate dopant and concentration were discussed relatively to their applications and properties. Thus, we present in this part, the various possible techniques for growing TCO and discuss the effect of the temperature on the functional properties. This self-consistent presentation is also considered to introduce a better understanding of the expected requirements for TCO integrated as transparent electrodes in photovoltaic cells and modules. These developments of TCO for photovoltaic applications will be presented in a second publication.
Community College Skills Builders: Prevalence, Characteristics, Behaviors, and Outcomes of Successful Non-Completing Students Across Four States

ABSTRACT This study investigates community college skills builders—students who enroll for a short time, take courses concentrated in career and technical education (CTE), are highly successful in their coursework, but typically leave college without a postsecondary credential. Drawing on administrative data from Colorado, Ohio, Michigan, and California, we use k-means cluster analysis to identify a distinct group of skills builders in each state. We analyze their prevalence, characteristics, course-taking, and educational and labor market outcomes. We then develop criteria that state systems or individual institutions can use to identify skills builders in their student populations. Skills builders comprised similar proportions of students in each state, between 11 and 14 percent, and were qualitatively similar across states. Their average earnings were flat or trending downward prior to college but reversed after college, rising at a statistically significant rate. Fields of study and certificate completion rates among skills builders varied across states. Identifying skills builders will strengthen state and institutional efforts to communicate student successes that cannot be measured with credential completions, while also equipping institutions with the information needed to better serve skills builders.
Awareness, Barriers and Concerns of Adolescents Toward the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Study in Singapore

Background COVID-19 vaccination is a key public health measure to mitigate the crippling effects of the pandemic. COVID-19 vaccination began in adults and targeted adolescents at a later stage. However, medical decision-making on its uptake among the latter was unknown, which could be affected by their literacy and concerns about the vaccine. The study aimed to elucidate the awareness, concerns and barriers of adolescents toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Methods A cross-sectional online survey using a self-developed questionnaire was conducted between June to November 2021. The adolescent participants were students from institutes of post-secondary education who were recruited via convenience sampling. The data were collated from an officially approved electronic platform, audited and analyzed. Continuous and categorical variables were expressed as mean (standard deviation) and percentages, respectively. Results A total of 460 adolescents participated in the study (mean age: 16.99 ± 0.99; 73% female). Most of them (91.5%) were aware of the COVID-19 vaccines. The main barriers to vaccination were uncertainty about long-term health risks (38.6%) and vaccine efficacy (37.3%). Regarding the potential vaccine side effects, they were concerned about: anaphylactic shock (73.2%), low blood pressure (58.3%) and fast heartbeat (58.0%). Only 58% expressed willingness for repeated COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion Despite high COVID-19 vaccine awareness, the adolescents were concerned about the potentially severe but rare side-effects. The study identified apprehension regarding vaccine efficacy and the potential long-term health impact as the main barriers to vaccination. Future studies should address these concerns to scale vaccination programs among adolescents.
Cancer Stem Cells: From an Insight into the Basics to Recent Advances and Therapeutic Targeting

Cancer is characterized by an abnormal growth of the cells in an uncontrolled manner. These cells have the potential to invade and can eventually turn into malignancy, leading to highly fatal forms of tumor. Small subpopulations of cancer cells that are long-lived with the potential of excessive self-renewal and tumor formation are called cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer-initiating cells or tumor stem cells. CSCs can be found in tissues, such as breast, brain, lung, liver, ovary, and testis; however, their origin is still a matter of debate. These cells can differentiate and possess self-renewal capacity maintained by numerous intracellular signal transduction pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Notch signaling, transforming growth factor-β signaling, and Hedgehog signaling. They can also contribute to numerous malignancies and are an important reason for tumor recurrence and metastasis because they are resistant to the known therapeutic strategies that mainly target the bulk of the tumor cells. This review contains collected and compiled information after analyzing published works of the last three decades. The goal was to gather information of recent breakthroughs related to CSCs, strategies to target CSCs' niche (e.g., nanotechnology with tumor biology), and their signaling pathways for cancer therapy. Moreover, the role of metformin, an antidiabetic drug, acting as a chemotherapeutic agent on CSCs by inhibiting cellular transformation and its selective killing is also addressed.
Association of Ki-67 Change Pattern After Core Needle Biopsy and Prognosis in HR+/HER2− Early Breast Cancer Patients

Background To investigate the association of Ki-67 change pattern after core needle biopsy (CNB) and prognosis in HR+/HER2− early breast cancer patients. Method Eligible patients were categorized into three groups: Low group, Elevation group, and High group. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to compare the clinic-pathological characteristics. Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the rates of recurrence-free interval (RFI) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), which were compared via the Log-rank test. Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to investigate independent prognostic factors. Results A total of 2,858 patients were included: 1,179 (41.3%), 482 (16.9%), and 1,197 (41.8%) patients were classified into the low, elevation, and high groups, respectively. Age, tumor size, histological grade, lymph-vascular invasion (LVI), and ER level status were associated with Ki-67 change pattern after CNB. With a median follow-up of 53.6 months, the estimated 5-year RFI rates for the low group, elevation, and high groups were 96.4%, 95.3% and 90.9%, respectively (P < 0.001). And 5-year BCSS rates were 99.3%, 98.3% and 96.8%, respectively (P = 0.001). Compared with patients in the low group, patients in the high group had significantly worse RFI (hazard ratio [HR] 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–2.54) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Ki-67 change after CNB was associated with prognosis in HR+/HER2− early breast cancer. Patients with Ki-67 high or elevation after CNB had an inferior disease outcome, indicating the necessity of re-evaluating Ki-67 on surgical specimens after CNB.
Clinical utility of antifungal susceptibility testing

Abstract Invasive fungal diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality, in particular affecting immunocompromised patients. Resistant organisms are of increasing importance, yet there are many notable differences in the ability to both perform and interpret antifungal susceptibility testing compared with bacteria. In this review, we will highlight the strengths and limitations of resistance data of pathogenic yeasts and moulds that may be used to guide treatment and predict clinical outcomes.
Phase Calibration Sources in the Northern Sky at Galactic Latitudes |b| < 25

The Jodrell Bank–VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS) of flat-spectrum sources yielded a catalog of 2118 compact radio sources in the northern sky. Those sources are being used as phase calibrators for many synthesis arrays. JVAS suffers from a zone of avoidance because Galactic confusion prevented selection of flat-spectrum sources at |b| < 2. °5. This confusion problem was overcome by selecting variable sources from the GB6 Catalog in the JVAS zone of avoidance. A subset of these sources were observed at 8.5 GHz with the NRAO VLA in the JVAS style, leading to 29 compact radio sources in the zone of avoidance whose positions have been measured to an rms accuracy of about 10 mas or less. This extension of the JVAS lists to lower Galactic latitudes (1) improves the prospects for VLBA phase-referencing of Galactic targets and (2) strengthens the lists' usefulness for studies of the Galactic interstellar medium.
Test of finite temperature RPA on a Lipkin model

We investigate the applicability of finite temperature random phase approximation (RPA) using a solvable Lipkin model. We show that the finite temperature RPA reproduces reasonably well the temperature dependence of total strength, both for the positive energy (i.e., the excitation) and the negative energy (i.e., the de-excitation) parts. This is the case even at very low temperatures, which may be relevant to astrophysical purposes.