Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of blue and green water resources in the Wei River basin, China

Abstract. The Wei River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River in China and it is suffering from water scarcity and water pollution. In order to quantify the amount of water resources in the study area, a hydrological modelling approach was applied by using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), calibrated and validated with SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting program) based on river discharge in the Wei River basin (WRB). Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses were also performed to improve the model performance. Water resources components of blue water flow, green water flow and green water storage were estimated at the HRU (Hydrological Response Unit) scales. Water resources in HRUs were also aggregated to sub-basins, river catchments, and then city/region scales for further analysis. The results showed that most parts of the WRB experienced a decrease in blue water resources between the 1960s and 2000s, with a minimum value in the 1990s. The decrease is particularly significant in the most southern part of the WRB (Guanzhong Plain), one of the most important grain production basements in China. Variations of green water flow and green water storage were relatively small on the spatial and temporal dimensions. This study provides strategic information for optimal utilization of water resources and planning of cultivating seasons in the Wei River basin.
Using Machine Learning to Understand Students' Learning Patterns in Simulations

: This study explores how unsupervised machine learning (ML) techniques can identify productive learning patterns as students conduct virtual experiments using a simulation. The log data from 52 pairs of eighth-grade students were analyzed using two ML techniques, Finite Mixture Model (FMM) and Sequential Pattern Mining (SPM). The results show four levels of learning patterns (i.e., Low Activity, Random Interaction, High Analysis, Tasked Exploration), each of which have unique, sequential actions. This study shows the potential value of unsupervised ML for understanding which types of interactions with simulations could facilitate students’ understanding of complex scientific phenomena.
An Evaluation of the Impact of Horizontal Resolution on Tropical Cyclone Predictions Using COAMPS-TC

AbstractA series of experiments have been conducted using the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System–Tropical Cyclone (COAMPS-TC) to assess the impact of horizontal resolution on hurricane intensity prediction for 10 Atlantic storms during the 2005 and 2007 hurricane seasons. The results of this study from the Hurricane Katrina (2005) simulations indicate that the hurricane intensity and structure are very sensitive to the horizontal grid spacing (9 and 3 km) and underscore the need for cloud microphysics to capture the structure, especially for strong storms with small-diameter eyes and large pressure gradients. The high resolution simulates stronger vertical motions, a more distinct upper-level warm core, stronger upper-level outflow, and greater finescale structure associated with deep convection, including spiral rainbands and the secondary circulation. A vortex Rossby wave (VRW) spectrum analysis is performed on the simulated 10-m winds and the NOAA/Hurricane Research Division (HRD) Rea.
The Johari Window Profile of Executives of a Public Sector Undertaking

Training in the domain of soft skills such as interpersonal communication has assumed lot of importance for organizations in recent times. However, desirable changes in the process of managerial communication call for proper knowledge about the prevailing communication patterns and interpersonal styles adopted by the executives. This paper presents the results of a study undertaken to explore and understand the interpersonal communication patterns of managers working in a public sector company based on the Johari Window Model. Using the Personnel Relations Survey, data was collected from 140 middle level managers belonging to various departments of the company. Results indicated a majority of the managers to be wanting in exposure as well as feedback in their interpersonal dealings with colleagues and superiors. Also, age was not found to have a bearing on the level of exposure as well as feedback of the managers. Implications of these and other related findings for managerial training are discussed in the paper.
Typical weak and superweak values

Weak values, resulting from the action of an operator on a preselected state when measured after postselection by a different state, can lie outside the spectrum of eigenvalues of the operator: they can be ‘superweak’. This phenomenon can be quantified by averaging over an ensemble of the two states, and calculating the probability distribution of the weak values. If there are many eigenvalues, distributed within a finite range, this distribution takes a simple universal generalized lorentzian form, and the ‘superweak probablility’, of weak values outside the spectrum, can be as large as 1–1/ = 0.293. By contrast, the familiar expectation values always lie within the spectral range, and their distribution, although approximately gaussian for many eigenvalues, is not universal.
An Analysis of ELT Teachers’ Perceptions of Some Problems Concerning the Implementation of English Language Teaching Curricula in Elementary

It can be said that foreign language teaching/learning has been failure in Turkey for many years although nearly everyone believes that speaking at least one foreign language is essential today. Considering Turkey as a developing country in many aspects; such as industry, trade, technology, tourism, the importance of foreign language teaching will increase. Children in elementary schools are open to ideas of global understanding. In other words elementary school education period can be said to be the right time to expand the students’ intercultural views and enhancement of cognitive skills (Curtain, 1990). As it is mentioned above using a foreign language effectively has numerous benefits and it also helps a child to become a well-educated person while he/she is growing up. In order to make them successful, we should provide the children in our country with a well-organized language teaching. To do this, many researches should be done and many new ideas are required. So, this study aims to investigate the problems faced by teachers and students, concerning the implementation of English Language curricula in terms of the components of curricula such as objectives, selection and organization of content, implementation of method and methodologies, the use of technology and evaluation. The research sampling of the study consists of 261 teachers of English who are teaching 4 th and 5 th year students in elementary schools which were chosen randomly. The teachers of English were administered a questionnaire, data were analysed, the results were discussed, and in the light of findings recommendations were made to cause betterment in English language teaching in elementary schools.
Prediction and modelling of complex social networks and their evolution

This thesis focuses on complex social networks in the context of computational approaches for their prediction and modelling. The increasing popularity and advancement of social net- works paired with the availability of social network data enable empirical analysis, inference, prediction and modelling of social patterns. This data-driven approach towards social science is continuously evolving and is crucial for modelling and understanding of human social behaviour including predicting future social interactions for a wide range of applications. The main difference between traditional datasets and network datasets is the presence of the relational components (links) between instances (nodes) of the network. These links and nodes induce intricate local and global patterns, defining the topology of a network. The topology is ever evolving, determining the dynamics of such a networked system. The work presented in this thesis starts with an extensive analysis of three standard network models, in terms of their properties and self-interactions as well as the size and density of the resultant graphs. These crucial analysis and understanding of the main network models are utilised to later develop a comprehensive network simulation framework. A set of novel nature-inspired link prediction approaches are then developed to predict the evolution of networks, based solely on their topologies. Building on top of these approaches, enhanced topological representations of networks are subsequently combined with node characteristics for the purpose of node classification. Finally, the proposed classification methods are extensively evaluated using simulated networks from our network simulation framework as well as two real-world citation networks. The link prediction approaches proposed in this research show that the topology of the network can be further exploited to improve the prediction of future relationships. Moreover, this research demonstrates the potential of blending state-of-the-art Machine Learning techniques with graph theory. To accelerate such advancements in the field of network science, this research also offers an open- source software to provide high-quality synthetic datasets.
CHILD LABOR IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND SOCIOECONOMIC VARIABLES AMONG ARABLE FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN NIGERIA

This study was conducted to determine the level of child labor involvement in arable crop farming. A multistage random sampling method was used to select the respondents. Data were collected with the use of a structured interview schedule and questionnaire. Most farming household heads were males (60.61%) and 65% had no formal education, with an average age of 42.28 years, an average household size of 11persons, annual average income of N192,000.00, and average farm size of 1.13ha. The children participated in field preparation, planting, weeding, pesticide, fertilizer and herbicide application, harvesting, transportation and processing. Many (43.33%) of the children combined schooling with farming operations. The decision of the farming, household heads to use child labor was influenced by socioeconomic variables such as gender, age, level of education, household size, farm income, farm size, culture, economic factors and political factors. It is recommended that extension agents should educate farming household heads on the consequences of using child labor, especially with respect to chemical application. The concerned agencies need to educate farming household heads on the danger of involving child labor in farming at the expense of school attendance; educational and input empowerment by government should be closely monitored.
Acyclicity of the groups of homeomorphisms of the Menger compact spaces

Let k be the k-dimensional Menger compact space. We show that the group Homeo ( k) of homeomorphisms of k is acyclic. Introduction. The homology of groups of homeomorphisms, which has been studied by many authors, is strongly related to characteristic classes for various structures. A theorem of Mather (13) says that the group Homeoc (R n ) of homeomor- phisms of R n with compact support is acyclic. A group G is acyclic if the in- teger homology of the classifying space BG for the group G with the discrete topology is the same as that of the one-point set. The proof of the acyclicity of the group Homeoc (R n ) uses an infinite iteration construction due to Ander- son (1). More generally, McDuff and Thurston (16) showed that for any com- pact connected manifold X, the homotopy fiber BHomeo(X) of the inclusion B Homeo (X) B Homeo (X) is an acyclic space. Here Homeo (X )i s the group of homeomorphisms of X with the discrete topology and Homeo (X )i s the same group with the compact open topology. In the previous paper (18), we showed that the group of homeomorphisms of the Cantor set is acyclic. In this paper we generalize our result and show the following theorem: THEOREM A. Let k be the k-dimensional Menger compact space. Let Homeo ( k ) denote the group of homeomorphisms of k . T henHomeo ( k ) is an acyclic group, i.e., Hn(B Homeo ( k ); Z )=0 for n 1. This result for the group of homeomorphisms with compact support of k x for a point x in k has been announced by Kawamura (7). This theorem seems to be generalized for the group of homeomorphisms of a compact k-dimensional Menger manifold M. A compact k-dimensional Menger manifold is a compact Hausdorff space locally homeomorphic to the k-dimensional Menger compact space k . The homotopy groups of dimension less than k play an important role in the determination of compact k-dimensional
Al(III)–Selective Electrode Based on Furil as Neutral Carrier

A PVC membrane electrode for aluminum(III) ions based on Furil (ethan dione, di-(2-furyl)) as neutral carrier was prepared. The electrode exhibits a near Nernstian response for Al3+ ions over a wide concentration range (1.0×10−6 to 1.0×10−2 mol dm−3) with a limit of detection 1.3×10−7 mol dm−3. It has a relatively fast response time and can be used for at least 2 months without any considerable divergence in potentials. The proposed membrane electrode revealed very good selectivity for Al3+ ions over a wide variety of other cations and could be used in acidic media. It was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of aluminum ions.
Matrix algorithm for Doppler sonar navigation

The software for precision navigation systems with Doppler velocity logs is typically based on the standard Janus equations. In the absence of significant error sources, these equations provide a simple solution to the Doppler sonar equation. This paper presents a more accurate algorithm for solving the Doppler sonar equation, which accounts for the error sources ignored in the standard Janus equations but retains their simplicity. This new matrix algorithm is based on a classical least-squares solution to an overdetermined linear system. The majority of the matrices in the system are time-invariant direction cosine and rotation matrices, which can be computed prior to the mission. The accuracy of this new algorithm has been verified during several at-sea tests. An improvement of almost 275 feet can be observed for a typical mission of five hours at five knots. <<ETX>>
An Alternative Visualization of the Demographic Transition Model

Abstract The demographic transition model is a central concept in population research and human geography. Accompanying this theory is a graph depicting changes in birth rates, death rates, population, and natural increase over time. Unfortunately, students often find it difficult to unpack all of the meaning from this rich display of information. In this exercise, students reformulate the iconic graph into a standard scattergram using the data and plotting capabilities of Gapminder (www.gapminder.org). This tool enables students to ask and then answer their own questions about world population dynamics using nation-level data from reliable sources such as the United Nations.
Study on the Micro Crack Detection in Joints by Using Ultrasound Infrared Thermography

This study detected SCC defects of dissimilar metal welded(STS304 and SA106 Gr. b) pipes using the ultrasonic infrared thermography method and the lock-in image treatment method among infrared thermography method. The infrared excitement equipment has 250 Watt of output and 20 kHz of frequency. By using the ultrasound infrared thermography method, the internal defects of dissimilar metal weld joints of pipes used at nuclear power plants could get detected. By an actual PT test, it was observed that the cracks inside the pipe existed not as a single crack but rather as a multiple cracks within a certain area and generated a hot spot image of a broad area on the thermography image. In addition, UT technology could not easily defects detected by the width of fine hair cracks. but, ultrasound infrared thermography technique was defect detected.
Toroidal Fullerenes from Square Tiled Tori

Motivation. Novel carbon allotropes, with finite molecular structure, including spherical (classical) fullerenes, capsulenes, tubulenes, barrellenes, and torrenes are nowadays currently produced and investigated. These classes of compounds have beautiful architectures and show unusual properties that are very promising for the development of nanotechnologies. Method. A novel method for computer generation of toroidal fullerenes, based on appropriate cuttings performed on square tori, is herein presented. The obtained structures were investigated with molecular mechanics and semiempirical PM3 approaches. Results. Our method provides toroidal objects representing pertinent models for real molecular structures. Conclusions. A novel way in constructing toroidal fullerenes (namely by operating on a square–like net, embedded onto a toroidal surface) is added to the well–known graphite zone–folding and adjacency matrix eigenvector procedures. Preliminary data show torranes (fully hydrogenated) rather than torrenes (aromatic or olefinic) as stable chemical toroidal structures. Availability The software program TORUS 1.0 (in DELPHI 4.0) is available on request.
Atomistic Simulation Study of Calcium, Phosphate and Fluoride Ion Association to the Teleopeptide‐Tails of Collagen – Initial Steps to Biomineral Formation

The attachment of single ions to putative adsorption sites in the tails of collagen fibers is investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations and discussed with respect to the very early steps of apatite/collagen biomineral formation. Our studies clearly demonstrate an increased flexibility of the tails of the triple-helical collagen protein. Apart from the termini of the backbone, several side chains were also observed to be freely accessible to ion attachment from aqueous solution. The teleopeptide was systematically scanned for suitable adsorption sites for calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions. Association of these ions was then explored from potential of mean force calculations. The resulting energy profiles reveal a variety of favorable protein-ion bonds and hint at the suitability of the collagen tails to promote apatite aggregation.
Socially Shared Regulation of Learning: A Review

Abstract. Socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL) has been recognized as a new and growing field in the framework of self-regulated learning theory in the past decade. In the present review, we examine the empirical evidence to support such a phenomenon. A total of 17 articles addressing SSRL were identified, 13 of which presented empirical evidence. Through a narrative review it could be concluded that there is enough data to maintain the existence of SSRL in comparison to other social regulation (e.g., co-regulation). It was found that most of the SSRL research has focused on characterizing phenomena through the use of mixed methods through qualitative data, mostly video-recorded observation data. Also, SSRL seems to contribute to students’ performance. Finally, the article discusses the need for the field to move forward, exploring the best conditions to promote SSRL, clarifying whether SSRL is always the optimal form of collaboration, and identifying more aspects of groups’ characteristics.
Warming of the world ocean, 1955–2003

We present new estimates of the variability of ocean heat content based on: a) additional data that extends the record to more recent years; b) additional historical data for earlier years. During 1955–1998 world ocean heat content (0–3000 m) increased 14.5 × 1022 J corresponding to a mean temperature increase of 0.037°C at a rate of 0.20 Wm−2 (per unit area of Earth's total surface area).
Changes in Freezing-Thawing Index and Soil Freeze Depth Over the Heihe River Basin, Western China

ABSTRACT Freezing/thawing index is an important indicator of climate change, and can be used to estimate depths of the active layer and seasonally frozen ground (SFG). Using the mean monthly grid air temperature from 2000 to 2009 as well as daily air and ground surface temperatures from 12 meteorological stations across the Heihe River Basin, this study investigated spatial and temporal variability of the freezing/thawing index and seasonal soil freeze depth. The mean annual air temperature increased at a rate of 0.35 °C decade-1 from 1960 to 2013, or approximately 1.9 °C for the 54-year period. We found that the freezing index (FI) showed a decreasing trend over the study area, while the thawing index (TI) had an increasing trend. Changes in both FI and TI are consistent with an increasing mean annual air temperature. The TI and freezing n-factor (nf) decrease with elevation increase, while FI and thawing n-factor (nt) increase with elevation. Soil potential seasonal freezing depth was primarily between 1.5 and 2.5 m in permafrost regions. However, the soil maximum freezing depth is below 2.5 m in SFG region.
Corporate Frauds as Criminal Business Models: An Exploratory Study

In this article, we report on the findings of an exploratory, interpretive study of a notorious corporate fraud that occurred in Brazil from 1989 to 2005. We examine the process by which this scheme was created as well as how it was maintained for all those years. Our analysis covers both the substantive aspects (the actions fraud agents effectively perform) and the symbolic aspects (the resources of impression management that they use). We suggest that under certain circumstances, corporate frauds may be understood as the result of implementation of a criminal business model that focuses on a niche market of risk takers or greed investors, uses aggressive commercial practices and offers exclusivity, promotes the organization's image and personality cult of the entrepreneur, operates a management model that combines centralized control with fragmented systems, and uses complex fraudulent practices. This perspective allows us to understand the phenomenon of corporate fraud from a systemic point of view. We also suggest directions for future research and theory development on corporate frauds. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Phenomenological Exploration of Women's Lived Experiences and Factors that Influence their Choice and Persistence in Engineering

Dr. Shawn Fagan is the Assistant Dean for Undergraduate Affairs in the College of Engineering at Temple University. He received his Bachelor of Science in Education from The Pennsylvania State University, Master of Sport Administration from Belmont University, Master of Business Administration from Saint Leo University, and Doctor of Education from Temple University. Dr. Fagan oversees the day-to-day operation of the College of Engineering’s Office of Undergraduate Studies, Center for Academic Advising and Student Affairs, and the Career and Professional Development offices.
Multidisciplinary Approach to Diagnosis of Primary Progressive Aphasia in a Younger Middle Aged Patient

 Abstract — Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative disease similar to frontotemporal and semantic dementia, while having a different clinical image and anatomic pathology topography. Nonetheless, they are often included under an umbrella term: frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). In the study, examples of diagnosing PPA are presented through the multidisciplinary lens of specialists from different fields (neurologists, psychiatrists, clinical speech therapists, clinical neuropsychologists and others) using a variety of diagnostic tools such as MR, PET/CT, genetic screening and neuropsychological and logopedic methods. Thanks to that, specialists can get a better and clearer understanding of PPA diagnosis. The study summarizes the concrete procedures and results of different specialists while diagnosing PPA in a patient of younger middle age and illustrates the importance of multidisciplinary approach to differential diagnosis of PPA.