Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relational Reasoning about Functions and Nondeterminism

This dissertation explores a uniform, relational proof style for operational arguments about program equivalences. It improves and facilitates many previously given proofs, and it is used to establish new proof rules for reasoning about term contexts, recursion, and nondeterminism in higher-order programming languages. Part I develops an algebra of relations on terms and exploits these relations in operational arguments about contextual equivalence for a typed deterministic functional language. Novel proofs of the basic laws, sequentiality and continuity properties, induction rules, and the CIU Theorem are presented together with new relational proof rules akin to Sangiorgi’s “bisimulation up to context” for process calculi. Part II extends the results from the first part to nondeterministic functional programs. May and must operational semantics and contextual equivalences are defined and their properties are explored by means of relational techniques. For must contextual equivalence, the failure of ordinary syntactic ω-continuity in the presence of countable nondeterminism is addressed by a novel transfinite syntactic continuity principle. The relational techniques are also applied to the study of lower and upper applicative simulation relations, yielding new results about their properties in the presence of countable and fair nondeterminism, and about their relationship with the contextual equivalences.
Florística e estrutura da regeneração natural de Caatinga Arbórea na Floresta Nacional Contendas do Sincorá, Bahia

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a florística e a estrutura da regeneração natural de uma área de Caatinga, na Floresta Nacional Contendas do Sincorá, Bahia. A amostragem consistiu em 48 parcelas de 5 x 5 m. Os parâmetros fitossociológicos utilizados foram densidade, frequência, classe de tamanho e a regeneração natural relativa. A influência de variáveis ambientais na densidade das espécies foi investigada por meio da Análise de Correspondência Canônica. Foram amostrados 771 indivíduos, distribuídos em 22 famílias, 37 gêneros e 44 espécies e nove morfo-espécies. Croton floribundus e Combretum monetaria obtiveram os maiores índices dosdescritores vegetacionais. A similaridade florística teve a formação de um grupo com áreas da Depressão Sertaneja Setentrional. Mimosa ophthalmocentra teve uma relação fortemente positiva com a altitude. Combretum monetaria, Libidibia ferrea e Piptadenia stipulacea foram influenciadas pela maior precipitação. A maior precipitação na Flona foi determinante para dissimilaridade com as demais áreas.
Uniform Orthogonal Group Divisible Designs with Block Size Three

The spectrum of orthogonal group divisible designs with block size three, and u groups each of size g, is studied. Existence is settled with few possible exceptions for each group size g. 1 Definitions and Background A pairwise balanced design (or PBD) is a pair (X,A) such that X is a set of elements called points, and A is a set of subsets (called blocks) of X, each of cardinality at least two, such that every pair of points is in a unique block of A. If v is a positive integer and K is a set of positive integers, each of which is greater than or equal to two, then we say that (X,A) is a (v,K)-PBD if |X| = v, and |A| ∈ K for every A ∈ A. We denote by B(K) the set {v : ∃(v,K)-PBD}. A set is said to be PBD-closed if B(K) = K. A PBD is resolvable if its blocks can be partitioned into parallel classes; a parallel class is a set of point-disjoint blocks whose union is the set of all points. The notation (v,K)-RPBD is used for a resolvable PBD. When K = {k}, a (v,K)-PBD is a balanced incomplete block design; the notations (v, k)-BIBD and (v, k)-RBIBD are sometimes used in this case. A group divisible design (or GDD) is a triple (X,G,A), which satisfies the three properties: (1) G is a partition of X into subsets called groups; (2) A is a set of subsets of X (called blocks) such that a group and a block contain at most one common point; and (3) every pair of points from distinct groups occurs in a unique block. Taking the groups of a GDD as blocks yields a PBD, and taking a parallel class of blocks of a PBD as groups yields a PBD. The group type of a GDD(X,G,A) is a multiset {|G| : G ∈ G}. We use exponential notation to describe group types: a group type g1 1 g u2 2 · · · gs s denotes ui occurrences of a group of size gi for 1 ≤ i ≤ s. Notationally, we permit gi = gj when i 6= j. When all groups have the same size, the GDD is uniform. Groups of size 0 can be added as convenient. As with PBDs, we say that a GDD is a K-GDD if |A| ∈ K for every A ∈ A. Let K be a set of positive integers, and let k be a positive integer. PBD(v,K ∪ k) denotes a PBD containing a block of size k. If k 6∈ K, this indicates that there is exactly one block of size k in the PBD. On the other hand, if k ∈ K, then there is at least one block of size k in the PBD. Theorem 1.1 (Wilson’s Fundamental Construction, WFC) [11] Let (V,G,B) be a GDD (the master GDD) with groups G1, G2, . , Gt. Suppose there exists a function w : V → Z∪{0} (a weight function) which has the property that for each block B = {x1, x2, . , xk} ∈ B there exists a K-GDD of type (w(x1), w(x2), . , w(xk)) (an ingredient GDD). Then there exists a KGDD of type ( ∑ x∈G1 w(x), ∑ x∈G2 w(x), . , ∑ x∈Gt w(x)). Let (X,G,B) and (X,G,D) be two 3-GDDs of type g1 1 · · · gs s having the same groups. These form orthogonal 3-GDDs if two orthogonality conditions are met:
A Morinda royoc Root Extract and Fractions Exhibit Antigiardial Activity without Affecting Cell Viability

Background: The gastrointestinal parasite Giardia lamblia causes giardiasis. Its treatment with standard drugs produces side effects and improper treatment can generate resistant strains. New antigiardial compounds are needed. An analysis was done to identify the antigiardial activity of Morinda royoc, a plant used in traditional Mayan medicine to treat stomach and bowel pain. We aimed to assess the efficacy of M. royoc roots against G. lamblia and their effect on cells viability. Methods: A methanol extract was done of the root and then fractionated. The extract and fractions were tested in vitro on G. lamblia trophozoites and their effect on cell viability was quantified by flow cytometry. The active extract and fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The hexane fraction exhibited potent activity against G. lamblia (IC50 = 0.08 μg/mL). Its principal component was an anthraquinone-type compound. None of the fractions were toxic to human promyelocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia and human mononuclear cells. Conclusion: The medicinal plant M. royoc contains promising bioactive agents with antigiardial activity and deserves further research.
Sugammadex versus neostigmine for routine reversal of neuromuscular blockade and the effect on perioperative efficiency

Abstract Sugammadex produces recovery from neuromuscular blockade more rapidly and reliably than neostigmine. We sought to determine if sugammadex is associated with improved perioperative efficiency when compared to traditional neuromuscular blockade reversal with neostigmine, potentially offsetting the higher medication cost. This retrospective analysis involved patients receiving either neostigmine or sugammadex for reversal of neuromuscular blockade at a single academic tertiary care hospital. The final propensity-matched groups consisted of 4060 in each group (neostigmine or sugammadex). The primary outcome measured was total time in the operating room. Secondary outcomes included specific measures of perioperative efficiency as well as postoperative pulmonary failure. The average operating room time for patients was 169.59 [1.27] minutes for neostigmine and 157.06 [1.33] minutes for sugammadex (P < 0.001). The difference was primarily accounted for by shorter surgical times (121.45 [1.18] vs 109.62 [1.22] minutes, P < 0.011). Sugammadex was also associated with a shorter post-anesthesia care unit length of stay (102.47 [1.04] vs 98.67 [1.02] minutes, P < 0.001). For 8120 patients, sugammadex use was associated with shorter operating room and surgical durations as well as shorter post-anesthesia care unit stay. The favorable pharmacodynamic profile of sugammadex may improve surgical and perioperative efficiency and offset higher medication cost.
Mechanical properties of interlocking concrete paving blocks prepared with waste PET bottles

The main purpose of this paper was to analyze the most important properties of concrete paving blocks (CBP’s) prepared with crushed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles derived from soda bottles, by considering PET contents equal to 15, 25 and 35% by volume. Standardized water absorption and compressive strength tests after 21 and 28 curing days were selected. By replacing 15% of conventional aggregates by PET, a maximum increase of 25% in the characteristic compressive strength (fpk) becomes visible and the average value of 32.12 MPa is close to the minimum required value for standard traffic (35 MPa). This may be attributed to the higher interlocking level of the plastic particles within the fractured surfaces of the concrete matrix, as well as the proper amounts of plastics, natural aggregates and Portland cement in the sample and the high elastic modulus of PET. However, the fpk values decreased up to 26% and 66% for plastic contents equal to 25 and 35% by volume, respectively. Despite the general recommendation of not using the CBP’s in pavement surfaces due to the insufficient compressive strength, they may be applied on non-traffic areas such as landscapes, walkways and pedestrian plazas.
Predictors and Consequences of Sac Shrinkage after Endovascular Infrarenal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Background: Aneurysm shrinkage has been proposed as a marker of successful endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). We evaluated the impact of sac shrinkage on secondary interventions, on survival and its association with endoleaks, and on compliance with instructions for use (IFU). Methods: This observational retrospective study was conducted on all consecutive patients receiving EVAR for an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) using exclusively Endurant II/IIs endograft from 2014 to 2018. Sixty patients were entered in the study. Aneurysm sac shrinkage was defined as decrease ≥5 mm of the maximum aortic diameter. Univariate methods and Kaplan–Meier plots assessed the potential impact of shrinkage. Results: Twenty-six patients (43.3%) experienced shrinkage at one year, and thirty-four (56.7%) had no shrinkage. Shrinkage was not significantly associated with any demographics or morbidity, except hypertension (p = 0.01). No aneurysm characteristics were associated with shrinkage. Non-compliance with instructions for use (IFU) in 13 patients (21.6%) was not associated with shrinkage. Three years after EVAR, freedom from secondary intervention was 85 ± 2% for the entire series, 92.3 ± 5.0% for the shrinkage group and 83.3 ± 9% for the no-shrinkage group (Logrank: p = 0.49). Survival at 3 years was not significantly different between the two groups (85.9 ± 7.0% vs. 79.0 ± 9.0%, Logrank; p = 0.59). Strict compliance with IFU was associated with less reinterventions at 3 years (92.1 ± 5.9% vs. 73.8 ± 15%, Logrank: p = 0.03). Similarly, survival at 3 years did not significantly differ between strict compliance with IFU and non-compliance (81.8 ± 7.0% vs. 78.6 ± 13.0%, Logrank; p = 0.32). Conclusion: This study suggests that shrinkage ≥5 mm at 1-year is not significantly associated with a better survival rate or a lower risk of secondary intervention than no-shrinkage. In this series, the risk of secondary intervention regardless of shrinkage seems to be linked more to non-compliance with IFU. Considering the small number of patients, these results must be confirmed by extensive prospective studies.
Numerical methods of the variable-order Rayleigh-Stokes problem for a heated generalized second grade fluid with fractional derivative

Rayleigh–Stokes problems have in recent years received much attention due to their importance in physics. In this article, we focus on the variable-order Rayleigh–Stokes problem for a heated generalized second grade fluid with fractional derivative. Implicit and explicit numerical methods are developed to solve the problem. The convergence, stability of the numerical methods and solvability of the implicit numerical method are discussed via Fourier analysis. Moreover, a numerical example is given and the results support the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
In vivo Proximity Labeling of Nuclear and Nucleolar Proteins by a Stably Expressed, DNA Damage-Responsive NONO-APEX2 Fusion Protein

Cellular stress can induce DNA lesions that threaten the stability of genes. The DNA damage response (DDR) recognises and repairs broken DNA to maintain genome stability. Intriguingly, components of nuclear paraspeckles like the non-POU domain containing octamer-binding protein (NONO) participate in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). NONO is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein (RBP) that facilitates the retention and editing of messenger (m)RNA as well as pre-mRNA processing. However, the role of NONO in the DDR is poorly understood. Here, we establish a novel human U2OS cell line that expresses NONO fused to the engineered ascorbate peroxidase 2 (U2OS:NONO-APEX2-HA). We show that NONO-APEX2-HA accumulates in the nucleolus in response to DNA damage. Combining viability assays, subcellular localisation studies, coimmunoprecipitation experiments and in vivo proximity labeling, we demonstrate that NONO-APEX2-HA is a stably expressed fusion protein that mimics endogenous NONO in terms of expression, localisation and bona fide interactors. We propose that in vivo proximity labeling in U2OS:NONO-APEX2-HA cells is capable for the assessment of NONO interactomes by downstream assays. U2OS:NONO-APEX2-HA cells will likely be a valuable resource for the investigation of NONO interactome dynamics in response to DNA damage and other stimuli.
Exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation

Textbooks on quantum mechanics often give the impression that the Schrodinger equation can be solved exactly only for a few simple potential models. However, exact solutions are available in terms of hypergeometric functions and their confluent variants for the so‐called Natanzon potentials. These potentials include the Poschl‐Teller, Manning‐Rosen and Rosen‐Morse potentials that are also special cases of the Eckart potential. The Natanzon potentials are reviewed and connections are made to problems in classical physics like propagation of electromagnetic waves in inhomogeneous media and of acoustic waves in a variable speed profile. The availability of exact solutions is of particular interest for the explicit construction of time evolution operators and in the solution of inverse scattering problems.
A self-triggered stochastic model predictive control for uncertain networked control system

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the stochastic model predictive control problem (SMPC) for a class of networked control systems with exogenous disturbances and restrictions on communication frequency. A self-triggered SMPC algorithm with an improved triggering condition is designed which integrates the co-design of both the current control inputs and the maximum sampling interval, with the aim of reducing the amounts of communication transmission while guaranteeing the specific performance. To give consideration to both probabilistic guarantee and computability, chance constraints on both states and inputs are transformed into deterministic ones by leveraging Cantelli's inequality and linearisation techniques, so as to be solvable for the optimisation problem. Meanwhile, the nonconvex terms in dynamics of covariance propagation are averted through introducing the covariance upper bound control approach. The formulated online optimisation problem is convex to all decision variables. The theoretical analysis on recursive feasibility and closed-loop stability is addressed for the proposed self-triggered SMPC scheme. Finally, the efficacy and achievable performance of the proposed algorithm are showcased through numerical simulations.
Wireless Multiplayer Interactive Virtual Reality Game Systems with Edge Computing: Modeling and Optimization

Wireless multiplayer interactive virtual reality (VR) game has the high computing workload of VR and unpredictable interaction among players, which brings severe challenges to the design of wireless communication systems. In this paper, we propose a wireless multiplayer interactive VR game transmission framework based on mobile edge computing (MEC) that is able to model the interaction among players and compute the post-processing procedures at the MEC server or the mobile VR device. In the framework, the absolute delay of each player is used to avoid VR vertigo and the inter-player delay among players is used to model the fairness of the interactive game. Aiming to minimize the average inter-player delay, we optimize the computing resource allocation of the MEC server, the wireless bandwidth allocation and the post-processing decision policy subject to the constraints of the absolute delay requirements, the local energy limits of players, the total bandwidth limit and the computing resources limit. To tackle the non-convex problem efficiently, we design an iterative algorithm based on the NESTT-G algorithm which iteratively optimizes the truncated first-order Taylor approximation of the objective. Numerical results demonstrate the proposed algorithm can reduce the average inter-player delay significantly with lower complexity, and also reveal the impact of different parameters and the channel state conditions on the post-processing decision and edge resource allocation.
Moving the needle on qualitative approaches to studying HRD

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conclude this special issue on innovation in qualitative research by addressing the preceding papers in relation to the work of Human Resource Development (HRD) scholars and scholar-practitioners, consider the implications to the field of HRD and point to additional directions for innovative qualitative approaches. The authors use the term “innovative” to mean either an approach (or technique) that is newly conceived or one that is new to HRD (or little used). Design/methodology/approach The authors reviewed the papers in the special issue, identified other innovative qualitative approaches from the HRD literature and described briefly additional innovative approaches from other fields to suggest future directions for HRD professionals. Findings In this review, the authors noted the relatively few approaches to qualitative research that have been used regularly in HRD literature and suggested further innovative approaches that could deepen the understanding of organizations, including narrative, visual and indigenous methods, among others. Research limitations/implications This paper provides for HRD scholars an overview of a few qualitative research methodologies that are new to HRD and identifies additional approaches and epistemological challenges that could be valuable for future inquiry into complex organizations by HRD scholars and practitioners. Practical implications The authors suggest various feasible approaches and tools for HRD professionals to inquire into their practice in organizations to identify needs, evaluate outcomes and inquire into socially complex issues. Originality/value This study’s intent is to encourage the use of various innovative qualitative inquiry approaches when appropriate to understand and transform organizations. In particular, this study encourages the approaches that center the voices and experiences of those being studied and emphasizes the ways of listening to voices from the margins that may have been ignored previously.
Liberalising the
 EU
 sugar market: what are the effects on third countries?*

This paper examines the consequences of a liberalisation of the EU sugar policy on Australia and other third countries. Four scenarios are simulated showing the trade and production eﬀects of a gradual phasing-out of EU domestic support measures and EU import tariﬀs using two partial equilibrium models linked to each other. Compared with previous work, tariﬀ rate quotas are represented in great detail, going beyond the classical single-origin, single-destination approach. Furthermore, supply functions of EU sugar processors are calibrated based on empirical data on production costs to overcome the problem of non-observed production costs due to the existence quota rents. Results suggest that, in particular, sugar production in Balkan countries is adversely aﬀected by a liberalisation of the EU sugar regime. Moreover, the simulation shows that preferential LDC-ACP exporters, among them Fiji and Papua New Guinea, are displaced from the EU market leading to a decline in production. An elimination of EU import tariﬀs beneﬁts in particular the Ukraine and the world’s largest sugar producers, such as Australia, all with currently only limited preferential market access to the EU. During periods of low global sugar prices, these countries even increase sugar production, if the EU sugar market is completely liberalised.
Medical Image Quality Assurance using Deep Learning

We present an open-source web tool for quality control of distributed imaging studies. To minimize the amount of human time and attention spent reviewing the images, we created a neural network to provide an automatic assessment. This steers reviewers’ attention to potentially problematic cases, reducing the likelihood of missing image quality issues. We test our approach using 5-fold cross validation on a set of 5217 magnetic resonance images.
UE Grouping Algorithms to Maximize Frequency Sharing in Hybrid IBFD Networks

Demonstrated Spectral Efficiency (SE) gain by In Band Full Duplex (IBFD) makes it an attractive radio technology. Owing to inherent complexities in IBFD, Hybrid IBFD Cellular Network (HICN) is opted in practice because it limits IBFD capability only to Base Station and continues with legacy Half Duplex (HD) User Equipments (UEs). Since sharing frequencies within UE groups maximizes sum-SE in a HICN, we formulate a grouped UEs maximization problem for achieving maximum frequency sharing. Unlike heuristic search methods developed in literature, in this paper, we build a mathematical framework for UE grouping. Three grouping algorithms are analytically derived in closed-forms with varying performance and time complexity trade-offs. The optimal algorithm provides benchmarking on these performance measures. Using structural advantages of a HICN, we derive reduced search-optimal algorithm that reduces time complexity while guaranteeing optimal grouping, whereas near-optimal algorithm achieves close-to-optimal grouping with substantially reduced time complexity for real-time cellular systems. We further introduce the concept of ineligible UEs, which uniformly reduces time complexity of all three algorithms without impacting their grouping performance. Extensive simulations reveal that the proposed near-optimal algorithm achieved a median sum-SE of 93.5% of theoretically doubling maximum over legacy HD systems, thus emerging as a prospective solution.