Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-confidence and Intuitive Thinking Skills in the Topic of Fractions among Level 2 Primary School Students

Self-confidence plays an important role in cognitive development in students' mathematics learning. Cognitive thinking skills such as intuitive thinking help students master mathematical topics that are often considered difficult. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine self-confidence and intuitive thinking skills in the topic of fractions based on gender and age. In addition, this study also aimed to identify the relationship between self-confidence in mathematics and intuitive thinking skills in the topic of fractions. A survey study was conducted on 80 Level 2 students in a primary school in the Central Melaka District. All respondents were selected using stratified random sampling method. The results of two-way ANOVA test showed that there were significant differences in self-confidence in mathematics based on gender and age. However, the two factors did not show significant differences on intuitive thinking skills in the topic of fractions. In addition, the Pearson correlation test showed that there was a positive relationship between self-confidence and intuitive thinking skills in fractional topics. Thus, teachers need to provide a mathematics learning environment that can increase self-confidence and intuitive thinking skills in the topic of fractions. This is to help students to master mathematics better, especially for the topic of fractions.
A survey of Internet of Things in Healthcare

The Internet of Things has played an essential role in many industries over the past few decades. Recent advances in the healthcare industry have made it possible for more people to access healthcare and improve their overall health. Not only is health awareness growing, but mobile information devices are increasingly being used for instant access to health information and fitness applications. The use of mobile communication devices for medical communication is also increasing. Various new sensing devices will be used in remote health monitoring and nursing, especially for sensing various physiological parameters of the elderly and the construction of ubiquitous health networks, which will be a big field of the application of the Internet of things. Abstract
Translational Read-Through Drugs (TRIDs) Are Able to Restore Protein Expression and Ciliogenesis in Fibroblasts of Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa Caused by a Premature Termination Codon in FAM161A

Ataluren and Gentamicin are translational readthrough drugs (TRIDs) that induce premature termination codon (PTC) readthrough, resulting in the production of full-length proteins that usually harbor a single missense substitution. FAM161A is a ciliary protein which is expressed in photoreceptors, and pathogenic variants in this gene cause retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Applying TRIDs on fibroblasts from RP patients due to PTC in the FAM161A (p.Arg523*) gene may uncover whether TRIDs can restore expression, localization and function of this protein. Fibroblasts from six patients and five age-matched controls were starved prior to treatment with ataluren or gentamicin, and later FAM161A expression, ciliogenesis and cilia length were analyzed. In contrast to control cells, fibroblasts of patients did not express the FAM161A protein, showed a lower percentage of ciliated cells and grew shorter cilia after starvation. Ataluren and Gentamicin treatment were able to restore FAM161A expression, localization and co-localization with α-tubulin. Ciliogenesis and cilia length were restored following Ataluren treatment almost up to a level which was observed in control cells. Gentamicin was less efficient in ciliogenesis compared to Ataluren. Our results provide a proof-of-concept that PTCs in FAM161A can be effectively suppressed by Ataluren or Gentamicin, resulting in a full-length functional protein.
Character Segmentation and Recognition of Variable-Length License Plates Using ROI Detection and Broad Learning System

Variable-length license plate segmentation and recognition has always been a challenging barrier in the application of intelligent transportation systems. Previous approaches mainly concern fixed-length license plates, lacking adaptability for variable-length license plates. Although objection detection methods can be used to address the issue, they face a series of difficulties: cross class problem, missing detections, and recognition errors between letters and digits. To solve these problems, we propose a machine learning method that regards each character as a region of interest. It covers three parts. Firstly, we explore a transfer learning algorithm based on Faster-RCNN with InceptionV2 structure to generate candidate character regions. Secondly, a strategy of cross-class removal of character is proposed to reject the overlapped results. A mechanism of template matching and position predicting is designed to eliminate missing detections. Moreover, a twofold broad learning system is designed to identify letters and digits separately. Experiments performed on Macau license plates demonstrate that our method achieves an average 99.68% of segmentation accuracy and an average 99.19% of recognition rate, outperforming some conventional and deep learning approaches. The adaptability is expected to transfer the developed algorithm to other countries or regions.
Optimization Analysis on Distribution of Temperature of a Corn Based on Fluent

Traditional method of drying corn is using higher temperature to dry quickly. But high drying temperature can make the corn lost nutrients. Provide the foundation of designing a new corn drier which can dry corn efficient as well as sustain nutrition.Optimization analysis on distribution of temperature of a corn by Fluent. It shows that:1). Hot winds is 0.8m/s，temperature is 343K. Temperature distributions of corn is evenlier. The highest temperature is below 333K.2). More fluid inlet make corn evenlier. Change the angle between corn and velocity vector will not impact the temperature distributions of corn.
Nonlinear Imaging Using Ultrasonic Array under Different Phased Mode

A nonlinear ultrasonic array imaging method used for the defect loacation is developed. The propagation characteristics of the focusing acoustic field in time-space domain and the conditions to generate the diffusion acoustic field are investigated, then the relationship between the diffused acoustic energy in two different phased mode, parallel and sequential focusing, and the nonlinear effects is analyzed, and a nonlinear ultrasonic imaging method is proposed, in which the difference of acoustic energy of two phased modes within the excitation bandwidth(fundamental wave)is considered as characteristic parameter for imaging. The influence of time delay and time window for diffuse field sound energy and nonlinear imaging are studied, and the optimal parameters for nonlinear imaging are obtained. The time delay has great influence on the nonlinear imaging, however the width of window has little effect on the nonlinear imaging. Over a range of time delay, the diffusion acoustic field is stable, therefore the micro-crack can be detected effectively. It is demonstrated that the proposed nonlinear imaging technique is an effective method for micro-crack detection.
A V-Shaped Microcantilever Sensor Based on a Gap Method for Real-Time Detection of E. coli Bacteria

This paper presents a dynamic-mode microcantilever sensor based on a gap method. The sensor has a V-shaped microcantilever and a fixed structure at a distance of 2 µm from its free end. The microcantilever is excited by applying an ac electric potential (3 Vp) to its piezoelectric pads and vibrates at its fundamental resonant frequency. An independent ac electric potential (200 kHz, 15 Vpp) is applied to the fixed structure. This creates a non-uniform electric field with its maxima at the gap and exerts a dielectrophoresis (DEP) force. The DEP force attracts and adsorbs the E. coli bacteria to the cantilever edge at the gap. The binding of the bacteria to the cantilever creates a shift in the resonant frequency of the microcantilever sensor, which is detected by a laser vibrometer. The real-time detection of E. coli bacteria samples, diluted in distilled water, was performed for concentrations of 105–103 cells/mL and the real-time frequency shifts were −2264.3 to −755 Hz in 4 min, respectively. The tests were expanded to study the effect of the electric potential amplitude (10, 12, 15 Vpp) and higher frequency shifts were observed for higher amplitudes.
All-optical investigations of intense femtosecond pulse ionization in transparent dielectrics with applications

Large bandgap optical media are transparent to near-infrared (NIR) and optical light pulses in the linear regime. However, at sufficiently high intensities, in their interaction with femtosecond (fs) laser pulses, nonlinear absorption takes place by multi-photon processes as well as field-assisted processes such as tunnel- and collisional-ionization. Their transparency to NIR and optical fs pulses enables in situ studies of nonlinear photoionization inside these media by all-optical transmission measurements. These measurements in tandem with suitable phenomenological models have paved the way towards a deeper understanding of dynamical processes. The ensuing dynamics can be categorized into two timescales: the first is a long pulse regime, for temporal duration τ p , τp>100 fs , where laser driven electrons in these media gain sufficient kinetic energies by mechanisms such as inverse bremsstrahlung leading to electron avalanches. In the short pulse regime, τp<100 fs , these electrons are excited to the conduction band by multiphoton absorption. In this article we present a perspective of the current status of research as well as results from our investigations. Not only do these studies provide facile means to study intriguing nonlinear photoionization processes, but they also probe these systems in a regime of intensities and pulse widths where micro- and nano-structuring as well as processing of materials by fs pulses are often realized. Further, these methods compliment research on coherent processes such as the generation of high-order harmonics and attosecond pulses in condensed phase media.
LED-based solar simulator to study photochemistry over a wide temperature range in the large simulation chamber AIDA

Abstract. A light source has been built at the AIDA (Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics in the Atmosphere) simulation chamber at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, simulating solar radiation at ground level. Instead of full spectra light sources, it uses a combination of LEDs with a narrow emission spectrum, resulting in a combined spectrum similar to the solar spectrum between 300 and 530 nm. The use of LEDs leads to an energy-efficient, robust and versatile illumination concept. The light source can be used over a wide temperature range down to −90 ∘C and is adjustable in intensity and spectral width as well as easily adjustable to new technological developments or scientific needs. Characterization of the illumination conditions shows a vertical intensity gradient in the chamber. The integral intensity corresponds to a NO2 photolysis frequency j(NO2) of (1.58±0.21(1σ))×10-3 s−1 for temperatures between 213 and 295 K. At constant temperature, the light intensity is stable within ±1 %. While the emissions of the different LEDs change with temperature, they can be adjusted, and thus it is possible to adapt the spectrum for different temperatures. Although the illumination of the simulation chamber leads to an increase of 0.7 K h−1 of the mean gas temperature, it is possible to perform experiments with aqueous droplets at relative humidities up to ≤95 % and also above water or ice saturation with corresponding clouds. Additionally, temperature- and wavelength-dependent photolysis experiments with 2,3-pentanedione have been conducted. The photolysis of 2,3-pentanedione occurs mainly between 400 and 460 nm, resulting in a mean photolysis frequency of (1.03±0.15)×10-4 s−1 independent of temperature in the range 213–298 K with a quantum yield of 0.36±0.04. In contrast, the yield of the two main photolysis products, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, decreases with temperature. Furthermore, the light source was applied to study the photochemistry of aerosol particles. For the atmospheric brown carbon proxy compound 3,5-diacetyl-2,4,6-trimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine, photochemical reaction products were identified. In aerosol particles containing iron oxalate as a photosensitizer, the photosensitized degradation of organic acids (pinic and pinonic acid) was studied. Although the light source only generates about one-third of the maximum solar irradiation at ground level at Karlsruhe (49.007∘ N, 8.404∘ E; 12:00 UTC+2) on a clear summer day with a substantial intensity gradient throughout the simulation chamber, it could be shown that this type of light source allows reproducible experiments over a wide range of simulated atmospheric conditions and with a large flexibility and control of the irradiation spectrum.
The SIM Guide to Enterprise Architecture

Presenting insights from leading authorities on enterprise architecture, including John Zachman, Larry DeBoever, and George Paras, this book provides organizations with a solid understanding of key concepts. Managers will be able to conduct more effective oversight of enterprise architecture activities, which will lead to more efficient management of resources throughout these organizations. Beginning with a look at current theory and frameworks, the book discusses the practical application of enterprise architecture and best practices, and includes a wealth of resources and references. It contains the SIM's survey of IT organizations enterprise architecture activities which provides important metrics for evaluating progress and success. Enterprise architecture is leading ITs way to the executive boardroom, as CIOs are now taking their place at the management table. Organizations investing their time, money, and talent in enterprise architecture (EA) have realized significant process improvement and competitive advantage. However, as these organizations discovered, it is one thing to acquire a game-changing technology but quite another to discover ways to use it well. A project of the Society for Information Managements Enterprise Architecture Working Group and edited by Leon A. Kappelman, The SIM Guide to Enterprise Architecture provides insights from leading authorities on EA, including John Zachman, Larry DeBoever, George Paras, Jeanne Ross, and Randy Hite. The book supplies a solid understanding of key concepts for effectively leveraging EA to redesign business processes, integrate services, and become an Information Age enterprise. Beginning with a look at current theory and frameworks, the book discusses the practical application of enterprise architecture and includes a wealth of best practices, resources, and references. It contains the SIM survey of IT organizations EA activities, which provides important metrics for evaluating progress and success. Successful businesses exploit synergy among business functions and push the boundaries of process design. ITs cross-functional position uniquely qualifies it to lead process innovation. EA lets CIOs integrate technology with business vision and is the roadmap for implementing new systems, changing behavior, and driving value. This book explores the vision, foundation, and enabling technology required to successfully transform organizations with enterprise architecture.
Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotubes on aluminium for capacitor application

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were electrophoretically deposited from an environmentally friendly aqueous solution on aluminium current collectors which were carbon coated by physical vapour deposition. The carbon coating proved to be stable under electrophoretic deposition (EPD) conditions up to EPD voltage of U = 50 V and avoided any undesirable oxidation of the aluminium during the deposition process. The kinetics of the deposition was described and could be easily controlled by the suspension concentration and the deposition time. The deposition rate at U = 50 V is about 0.03 mg cm−2 min−1. As anodic oxide formation could be prevented the electrical contact to the current collector was improved allowing the surface area to be increased by MWCNT to be used as a double-layer capacitor. The gravimetric capacitance obtained was about 8 F g−1.
Are Fake Images Bothering You on Social Network? Let Us Detect Them Using Recurrent Neural Network

Nowadays, social media platforms play a significant role in real-world events, which can cause both positive and negative effects. The popularity of image-based content on social media has been dramatically increased, which brings the problem that the quality of content is rather spotty. Therefore, automated techniques of identifying fake images have drawn significant attention. The traditional detection methods focus on the elements’ consistency of the image, which requires massive computing resources and huge datasets for pairs of real and fake images. Many studies on detecting rumors on social media showed that there are propagation patterns for the spreading of fake content that can be used as clues of detection. Thus, the proposed approach attempts to characterize the propagation patterns of fake images on social media using several user features and tweet features. The detection model applies recurrent neural networks to capture the variation of suggested features along the propagation path over time. The results of the experiment on a Weibo dataset of image tweets show that the model can achieve 89% accuracy in classifying fake images from real ones. Moreover, the model already reaches high performance as the detection deadline is smaller than 24 h, which demonstrates the strong capability of early detection. The positive outcomes indicate that the proposed detection model has great potential to be further developed to an automated technique that can be used in classifying real images from fake images posted on social media.
Formulation and Evaluation of Hydrophilic Polymer Based Methotrexate Patches: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization

This study attempted to develop and evaluate controlled-release matrix-type transdermal patches with different ratios of hydrophilic polymers (sodium carboxymethylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) for the local delivery of methotrexate. Transdermal patches were formulated by employing a solvent casting technique using blends of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) polymers as rate-controlling agents. The F1 formulated patch served as the control formulation with a 1:1 polymer concentration. The F9 formulation served as our optimized formulation due to suitable physicochemical properties yielded through the combination of CMC-Na and HPMC (5:1). Drug excipient compatibilities (ATR-FTIR) were performed as a preformulation study. The ATR-FTIR study depicted great compatibility between the drug and the polymers. Physicochemical parameters, kinetic modeling, in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug permeation, skin drug retention, and in vivo studies were also carried out for the formulated patches. The formulated patches exhibited a clear, smooth, elastic nature with good weight uniformity, % moisture uptake, drug content, and thickness. Physicochemical characterization revealed folding endurance ranging from 62 ± 2.21 to 78 ± 1.54, tensile strength from 9.42 ± 0.52 to 12.32 ± 0.72, % swelling index from 37.16 ± 0.17 to 76.24 ± 1.37, and % drug content from 93.57 ± 5.34 to 98.19 ± 1.56. An increase in the concentration of the CMC-Na polymer (F9) resulted in increased drug release from the formulated transdermal patches. Similarly, drug permeation and retention were found to be higher in the F9 formulation compared to the other formulations (F1–F8). A drug retention analysis revealed that the F9 formulation exhibited 13.43% drug retention in the deep layers of the skin compared to other formulations (F1–F8). The stability study indicated that, during the study period of 60 days, no significant changes in the drug content and physical characteristics were found. ATR-FTIR analysis of rabbit skin samples treated with the formulated transdermal patches revealed that hydrophilic polymers mainly affect the skin proteins (ceramide and keratins). A pharmacokinetic profile revealed Cmax was 1.77. 38 ng/mL, Tmax was 12 h, and t1/2 was 17.3 ± 2.21. In vivo studies showed that the skin drug retention of F9 was higher compared to the drug solution. These findings reinforce that methotrexate-based patches can possibly be used for the management of psoriasis. This study can reasonably conclude that methotrexate transdermal matrix-type patches with CMC-Na and HPMC polymers at different concentrations effectively sustain drug release with prime permeation profiles and better bioavailability. Therefore, these formulated patches can be employed for the potential management of topical diseases, such as psoriasis.
The efficacy and safety of dutasteride and finasteride in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Although the efficacy and safety of monotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have been established clinically, the efficacy and safety of dutasteride and finasteride have not been compared. The aim was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the two drugs in the treatment of BPH to provide medical evidence for clinical treatment. Methods A search of relevant articles was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, China Academic Journals Full-text Database (CJFD), Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Wanfang Database. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of finasteride (control group) with that of dutasteride (experimental group) in the treatment of BPH with respect to the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), prostate volume (PV), quality of life (QOL), serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after medication were strictly evaluated and considered for inclusion. Rev Man 5.4 software was used for the meta-analysis. Results A total of 8 RCTs were included, with a total of 2,116, patients. The meta-analysis showed that compared with finasteride, dutasteride can effectively improve the Qmax of patients with BPH [mean difference (MD) =0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.01, 0.63); P=0.04]. There was no significant difference in reducing IPSS [MD =0.13; 95% CI: (−0.55, 0.82); P=0.70], improving PV [MD =−1.25; 95% CI: (−3.30, 0.79); P=0.23], reducing QOL [MD =−0.44; 95% CI: (−0.93, 0.05); P=0.08] and serum PSA level [MD =−0.04; 95% CI: (−0.15, 0.07); P=0.50], and the occurrence of ADRs [relative risk (RR) =−0.01; 95% CI: (−0.05, 0.04); P=0.72], there was no significant difference. Discussion Dutasteride is better than finasteride in improving the Qmax of patients with BPH. There was no statistically significant difference in symptoms, PV, PSA, QOL, or adverse reactions. Dutasteride is an effective and safe treatment for BPH. Due to the limitations of the methodological quality and sample size of the included studies, this conclusion needs to be verified by stratified RCTS with high volumes and long follow-up times.