Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive control of a wave energy converter simulated in a numerical wave tank

Energy maximising controllers (EMCs), for wave energy converters (WECs), based on linear models are attractive in terms of simplicity and computation. However, such (Cummins equation) models are normally built around the still water level as an equilibrium point and assume small movement, leading to poor model validity for realistic WEC motions, especially for the large amplitude motions obtained by a well controlled WEC. The method proposed here is to use an adaptive algorithm to estimate the control model in realtime, whereby system identification techniques are employed to identify a linear model that is most representative of the actual controlled WEC behaviour. Using exponential forgetting, the linear model can be continuously adapted to remain representative in changing operational conditions. To that end, this paper presents a novel adaptive controller based on a receding horizon pseudospectral formulation. The paper also demonstrates the implementation of the adaptive controller inside a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based numerical wave tank (NWT) simulation. The adaptive controller will create the best linear model, representative of the conditions encountered in the fully nonlinear hydrodynamic CFD simulation. Using CFD presents a method to evaluate the adaptive controller within a realistic simulation environment, allowing the convergence and adaptive properties of the present control scheme to be tested. A test case, considering a heaving point absorber, is presented and the adaptive controller is shown to perform well in irregular sea states, absorbing more power than its non-adaptive counterpart. The optimal trajectory calculated by the adaptive model is seen to have a smaller motion and power take-off (PTO) forces, compared to those calculated by the non-adaptive linear control model, due to the increased amount of hydrodynamic resistance estimated by the adaptive model, as identified from the nonlinear viscous CFD simulation.
Studying the Effect of Geometry and Type of Soil on the Stability of CloverLeaf Cofferdam

The stability of glover leaf coffer dam in two soil cases (dry and wet) and two positions (neutral and longitudinal), with nonlinear finite element analysis has been used in this study to predict the load deflection behavior of cellular cell cofferdam under lateral load. Series of laboratory tests have been carried out on one (single) glover-leaf cofferdam cells of different width to height ratio (b/H) (0.75, 0.85, 1.0) with three types of soil fill (sand passing sieve No.4, river sand, subbase). In finite element analysis, AN SYS(version 12.1) computer program with combination of CivilFEM was used, eight-node solid element SOLID 45 has been used to model filling with river sand soil and the same element for steel sheet pile and foundation, by using glue technique to model of steel sheet pile of cofferdam, the load applied on the one third of the cell cofferdam height and full Newton-Raphson method is used for the nonlinear solution algorithm and the results are compared with experimental data. The results expressed that the cells fill with wet subbase were more stable against sliding and overturning at different (b/H) ratio and the cells that put on the longitudinal direction was more stable against sliding and overturning at different (b/H) ratio than the cells with neutral direction. Also, the results obtained using the finite element models show a good agreement with the experimental data. The difference between the numerical ultimate loads and the corresponding experimental ultimate loads is in the range between (0-6.9)%.
Numerical Analysis Of Refrigerant Flow In Different Types Of Capillary Tubes Used R 1270

The capillary tube is a common expansion device used in small sized refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. The main focus lies on the analysis of the refrigerant flow behavior in the along the capillary tube with different shapes (straight-coiled-serpentine) as well as using alternative (R1270) with different geometrical parameters by using a commercial code FORTRAN power station for the simulation. Capillary geometrical parameters will include diameter, coiled diameter, and curve diameter. Results showed that when capillary tube internal diameter increase from 1.4 mm to 1.8 mm. Straight tube length increases from (1.2978m) to (4.8738m) with ratio (73.37%) , Coiled tube length increases from (0.589m) to (1.958m) with ratio (69.91%) at coiled diameter (dd=10mm) ,and The serpentine tube length increases from (0.859m) to (2.671m) with ratio (67.84%) at curve radius ( )or curve diameter (dr=10mm). The ideal capillary tube type is coiled. Because length decrease with comparison straight and serpentine.
Model-based estimation of urethral resistance and elasticity using urodynamic pressure-flow data

A lumped parameter model of the urethra was developed to assess urethral resistance and changes in urethral elasticity during voiding using pressure and flow measurements. The model includes a pressure drop due to rapid velocity change in the constricted flow-controlling zone and urethral elasticity relating cross-sectional area with pressure. Using real pressure-flow data sets, the model was used to estimate urethral resistance and changes in urethral elasticity during voiding. Results show that it is possible to obtain resistance and estimate changes in elasticity during voiding from the pressure and flow. Estimations of elasticity show that in the normal patient relaxation of the urethra is a process that continues until end of voiding. This has important implications regarding present methods that are used in the clinic to assess urethral obstruction or constriction.
An ontology-based system to generate epidemiologic profiles

Epidemiology is a field of study in Medicine which seeks to understand the factors that determine the frequency and distribution of diseases in humans. This field allows one to understand the phenomena of health and disease of a particular population by generating this population’s epidemiological profile. The knowledge provided in this profile allows a shift in the focus from treating to preventing diseases, which is an important aim of the current Brazilian health care program. This dissertation proposes a system to study the epidemiological profile in a basic health care unit. This system applies an ontology as basis for modeling and querying the epidemiological information. An ontology is a conceptual model which captures an specific view of a domain of discourse. This model may be used to structure the system’s information, which later can be queried also with basis on this same ontology. A preliminary validation of this system’s prototype has shown that it is able to successfully generate the health care unit’s epidemiological profile, providing new knowledge about the patients and treatments involved in this unit. Such prototype may now be applied in this real setting to guide the actions of health care professionals in dealing with hypertension and other health conditions. In order to develop the system, a goal-oriented methodology based on Tropos is applied. This methodology guides software development since an early stage of organizational modeling until the system’s implementation by using current standards for ontology implementation. Many of the available ontology engineering methodologies presuppose the existence of a set of questions which provide the objective and scope of the ontology under development. However, these so-called competency questions are not always clear from start. The highlight of the proposed methodology is applying goal analysis to assist the ontology engineer to reason about and model competency questions. Following this view, such competency questions are comparable to system requirements, elicited and modeled during the requirements engineering stage of a software development process. Both the developed system and the proposed methodology are contributions of this work. However, while the former has proven to be useful in practice, further steps must be carried out in order to properly validate the latter, by applying it to other cases.
Power Controlled FCFS Splitting Algorithm for Wireless Networks

We consider random access in wireless networks under the physical interference model, wherein the receiver is capable of power-based capture, i.e., a packet can be decoded correctly in the presence of multiple transmissions if the received Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio exceeds a threshold. We propose a splitting algorithm that varies the transmission powers of users on the basis of quaternary channel feedback (idle, success, capture, collision). We show that our algorithm achieves a maximum stable throughput of 0.5518. Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm achieves higher throughput and lower delay than the First Come First Serve splitting algorithm with uniform transmission power.
LDPC Code based Varying Data Rate Communication Systems with Improved OFDM-MIMO Technology

The rapid evolution of global mobile communication demands high data rate transmission via satellites, which in turn requires spectrally efficient modulation technique and power efficient forward-error correction, schemes [19]. The main objective of any communication system is error free transmission with maximum possible data rate [8]. Noisy communication channels are the major problems in this case. To overcome this problem we can use the channel coding along with the suitable modulation scheme. Thus Channel coding and modulation have the same objective of producing the appropriate signal waveforms to cope with the noisy channel. Today, LDPC are the hottest channel linear block codes and provides the best performance in noisy channels like AWGN and Rayleigh (Fading) channel etc. along with suitable modulation schemes like MPSK and QAM etc. Under the fading conditions we can further improve the performance by applying the concept of diversity analysis. The performance of LDPC codes like any other code is measured in terms of BER, FER and [20] Girth Test. LDPC codes were ignored for long time, but now they are used even more than Turbo Codes because of their good block error correcting performance, low error floor and their suitability for parallel implementation. This has been possible now because of the availability of iterative decoding schemes, parallel decoding structures and message passing algorithms etc. [6] Today LDPC codes are used in most of the Wireless, Wired, Optical, OFDM, ADSL communication systems. The future of 4G wireless, Satellite Communication and Digital Television lies with LDPC codes. [9], [10] LDPC codes could be used in magnetic storage devices because of their better decoding performance compared to other error correction codes. In this paper LDPC code based communication systems are proposed using MATLAB to provide excellent error performance under extreme noisy channel conditions for different data rate applications with suitable modulation schemes and shown that diversity concept along with LDPC codes is very helpful for further improving the performance under fading conditions. Linear Coding Technique using LDPC Encoder is proposed to improve the performance of today’s high data rate wireless systems by reducing the PAPR value in OFDM. MIMO technology is further applied to solve the poor signal reception problem.
Quaternary woolly mammoth ( Mammuthus primigenius Blum ) emains from southern Transdanubia , Hungary estes de mammouth laineux ( Mammuthus primigenius Blum ) du Quaternaire

Six samples of subfossil tusk, bone and tooth remains from the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius Blum) were discovered in south-western Hungary. The remains are relatively well preserved in a Late Pleistocene loess deposit. The samples have been radiocarbon dated (AMS) and are of Late Weichselian (MIS 2) age (21.8–24.1 ka cal BP). The skull fragments, the tusks and maxillary teeth are in close proximity to associated postcranial remains, indicating that the mammoth died where it was found. The size and characteristics of skeletal elements have allowed us to determine that this was a mature male of about 38 years of age. © 2009 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
An Automatic Calibration Method for Near-infrared Camera in Optical Surgical Navigation

Optical surgical navigation system (SNS) with near-infrared tracking system is becoming extensively used in clinics, and the accuracy of SNS is influenced by the calibration of near-infrared cameras (NIRCs). We propose an automatic calibration method for NIRCs. The method is based on a designed calibration board. In our experiments, corners are automatically extracted to obtain the parameters of NIRCs. This method has the advantages of saving time, efficiency in computation, high accuracy, and reliability. In our experiments, an NIRC can be calibrated in only 5 s. Meanwhile, the average relative errors of the focal length and principal point are 0.87% and 1.39%, respectively.
User-oriented evaluation scheme for speech translation systems

The main goal of this paper is to propose automatic schemes for the translation paired comparison method. Using the proposed method, experimental results of evaluations that measure how the speech translation system boosts the users' ability in cross-lingual communication are also shown. The original translation paired comparison method was proposed by Sugaya et al. to precisely evaluate a speech translation system's capability. Furthermore, the method gives an objective evaluation result, i.e., a score of the test of English for international communication (TOEIC). Because the original method requires tremendous evaluation costs, the automation of this method is an important subject for practical use. In the proposed method, currently available automatic evaluation methods (BLEU and a DP-based method) are applied to automate the translation paired comparison method. The results of experiments using the automatic measures show that the proposed method gives similar evaluation results to the original method.
Can One-Chip Parallel Computing Be Liberated From Ad Hoc Solutions ? A Computation Model Based Approach and Its Implementation

In July 2010 David Patterson said in IEEE Spectrum that “the semiconductor industry threw the equivalent of a Hail Mary pass when it switched from making microprocessors run faster to putting more of them on a chip – doing so without any clear notion of how such devices would in general be programmed” warning us that one-chip parallel computing seems to be in trouble. Faced with the problems generated by all those ad hoc solutions, we propose a fresh restart of parallel computation based on the synergetic interaction between: (1) a parallel computing model (Kleene’s model of partial recursive functions), (2) an abstract machine model, (3) an adequate architecture and a friendly programming environment (based on Backus’s FP Systems) and (4) a simple and efficient generic structure. This structure is featured with an Integral Parallel Architecture, able to perform all the five forms of parallelism (data-, reduction-, speculative-, timeand threadparallelism) which result from Stephen Kleene’s model and is programmed as John Backus dreamed. Our first embodiment of a one-chip parallel generic structure is centered on the cellular engine ConnexArray which is part of the SoC BA1024 designed for HDTV applications. On real chips we measured 6GOPS/mm and 120GOPS/Watt peak performance.
Determinants of Greenfield Foreign Direct Investment in Business Services

Services Abstract: This article investigates the determinants of bilateral Greenfield FDI projects/flows in business services from OECD/BRIC countries to the EU-27 for the period 2003-2010. Three types of Greenfield FDI projects in business or producer services are used: (i) software and ICT services, (ii) business services and (iii) logistics, distribution & transportation and sales marketing & support activities. The results using the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood estimator show that corporate taxes, having a common border, sharing a common language and former colony relationship all play a significant role for determining bilateral Greenfield FDI projects/flows in the different types of services. However, the effects of corporate taxation are much higher for Greenfield FDI projects/flows in logistics, distribution, transportation, sales & marketing than for business services. In general, FDI in producer services is independent from the geographical distance between the investing and host country. A new empirical finding is that the semi-elasticity of Greenfield FDI in producer services with respect to the effective average tax rate is quite large with semi-elasticities much larger than reported in the literature for total FDI.
An agent framework for recommendation

Internet users are becoming overwhelmed by rapidly growing Web information. Two commonly used technologies to solve the problem are information retrieval and collaborative filtering. Existing information retrieval methods have been mainly developed for handling flat documents and current collaborative filtering systems still suffer from the sparsity problem in which most users may rate very few items comparing with the large number of available items in the systems. Moreover, current methods usually cope with these issues separately. In this paper, we develop an intelligent agent framework that integrates document collection, information retrieval and recommendation. In order to improve the query performance, similar XML documents are grouped together based on structural information. Different with conventional methods, we use tree-edit distance to measure the similarity/dissimilarity among XML documents. In collaborative filtering, we convert the recommendation problem into a classification problem and solve it by multi-class support vector machines. Experimental studies show that the accurate rates of our recommendation method outperform existing ones.
Expression and Functional Analysis of the Propamocarb-Related Gene CsMCF in Cucumber

Propamocarb (PM), a carbamate fungicide, can effectively control downy mildew on cucumber. However, due to the large-scale and high-dose use of this fungicide, PM residues have become a major problem in cucumber production. In this report, the cucumber cultivar “D0351” (with the lowest residual PM content) and the cucumber cultivar “D9320” (with the highest residual PM content) were used as experimental materials. The candidate gene CsMCF, which is related to a low residual PM content in cucumber, was screened by high-throughput tag-sequencing (Tag-Seq) and PM analysis, and its role in reducing PM residue in cucumber was explored. CsMCF was cloned and obtained. This gene contains an open reading frame of 1026 bp, encodes 341 amino acids and contains 3 Mito-carr domains. The encoded protein is a hydrophobic protein with 4 distinct transmembrane structures but no signal peptide cleavage sites. The subcellular localization of the protein is the cytoplasm. Evolutionary tree analysis showed that CsMCF had the highest homology to a gene from the melon Cucumis melo L. (XM_008464998.2). The core elements of the promoter include cis-acting elements, such as those related to salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), gibberellin (GA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Following PM treatment, CsMCF was significantly upregulated at most time points in different parts of the fruit, leaf, stem and root of “D0351,” while expression was downregulated at most time points in the fruit, leaf and stem of “D9320. ” The order of the expression levels in different cucumber organs was as follows: fruit>leaf > stem > root. CsMCF was specifically expressed in the stems and leaves of “D0351. ” The PM residues in CsMCF (+)-overexpressing T0 and T1 cucumber fruits were significantly lower than those in the wild type, while the PM residues in CsMCF (-)-overexpressing T0 and T1 cucumber fruits were significantly higher. The qRT-PCR results showed that CsMCF can respond to biotic and abiotic stresses, actively respond to PM treatment and play a role in reducing PM residues in cucumber fruits.
Comparative Metabolomics Reveals Key Pathways Associated With the Synergistic Killing of Colistin and Sulbactam Combination Against Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Background: Polymyxins are a last-line class of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. However, polymyxin resistance can emerge with monotherapy, highlighting the need for synergistic combination therapies. Polymyxins in combination with β-lactams have shown remarkable synergy against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. Methods: Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was conducted to investigate the metabolic perturbations in an A. baumannii clinical isolate, AB090342, in response to colistin (1 mg/L), sulbactam (128 mg/L), and their combination at 1, 4, and 24 h. Metabolomics data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistics, and metabolites showing ≥2-fold changes were subjected to pathway analysis. Results: The synergistic activity of colistin–sulbactam combination was initially driven by colistin through perturbation of fatty acid and phospholipid levels at 1 h. Cell wall biosynthesis was perturbed by sulbactam alone and the combination over 24 h; this was demonstrated by the decreased levels of two important precursors, uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine and uridine diphosphate-N-acetylmuramate, together with perturbed lysine and amino sugar metabolism. Moreover, sulbactam alone and the combination significantly depleted nucleotide metabolism and the associated arginine biosynthesis, glutamate metabolism, and pentose phosphate pathway. Notably, the colistin–sulbactam combination decreased amino acid and nucleotide levels more dramatically at 4 h compared with both monotherapies. Conclusions: This is the first metabolomics study revealing the time-dependent synergistic activity of colistin and sulbactam against A. baumannii, which was largely driven by sulbactam through the inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis. Our mechanistic findings may help optimizing synergistic colistin combinations in patients.