Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved performance of botia fish Chromobotia macracanthus with the utilization of blood clam shell in the recirculation system

Intermediate and holding rearing of botia face several problems such as the limited land, water quality, and decreased growth. The application of a recirculation culture system using the blood clam filter is increased to water quality and expected to solve the problems. This study aimed to analyze the production performance of botia fish on intermediate and holding rearing in the recirculation system by utilizing blood clams as the filter. This study used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors; clam particle sizes (1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm) and dosages (1.4 g/L, 1.8 g/L, and 2.2 g/L). Every experiment was conducted in three replication. The aquarium used in this study was 40×40×60 cm3. The size of fish samples was 3.5 ± 0.5 cm with the stocking density (3 fish/L, each test aquarium). The recirculation system was applied seven days before the fish were stocked. Every 15 days, weight and length of fish were measured (for 60 days). The results of physical (temperature) and chemical (pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and nitrite) water quality in the recirculation system using the blood clam filter showed good conditions for botia fish. The stress response of botia blood glucose and TKO fluctuates with environmental changes. Mineral water and fish produced by calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus increase until the end of maintenance. There is an interaction at TKH between particle size and the dose of blood shells, whereas, LMPW, LMPL, and RKP significantly different only the use of dose 2.2 g/L.
Multifunctional magnetic soft composites: a review

Magnetically responsive soft materials are soft composites where magnetic fillers are embedded into soft polymeric matrices. These active materials have attracted extensive research and industrial interest due to their ability to realize fast and programmable shape changes through remote and untethered control under the application of magnetic fields. They would have many high-impact potential applications in soft robotics/devices, metamaterials, and biomedical devices. With a broad range of functional magnetic fillers, polymeric matrices, and advanced fabrication techniques, the material properties can be programmed for integrated functions, including programmable shape morphing, dynamic shape deformation-based locomotion, object manipulation and assembly, remote heat generation, as well as reconfigurable electronics. In this review, an overview of state-of-the-art developments and future perspectives in the multifunctional magnetically responsive soft materials is presented.
Traditional management of lagoons for fishery can be inconsistent with restoration purposes: the Valli di Comacchio study case

We gathered water and macrobenthic data over a 5-year period in the Valli di Comacchio, the largest lagoons in the Po River Delta (northern Adriatic), to evaluate the response of ecological indices and to test their sensitivity against environmental variables. Of 84 sampling points, only 12 exhibited a good/high ecological quality status according to the BITS and 28 according to the M-AMBI. Environmental variables representative of eutrophication did not correlate with the indices. The impacts experienced by the Valli during the last 30 years seem to have led to disruption of the pelagic–benthic food web. Eel fisheries, whose management is traditionally characterised by long water residence time, thus seem inconsistent with restoration purposes.
Some considerations on the use of space sound absorbers with next-generation materials reflecting COVID situations in Japan: additional sound absorption for post-pandemic challenges in indoor acoustic environments

In this study, we first point out the possible acoustic problems associated with the post-pandemic operation of built environments. In particular, we focus on the problem of acoustic deficiency due to the lack of absorption. This deficiency, which is likely to be encountered in most enclosed spaces in a range of establishments, is due to the reduced number of audience members or users of the space as a result of social distancing. As one of the promising solutions to this problem, we introduce a sound absorption technique using three-dimensional (3D) space sound absorbers developed through our recent research projects. Significantly, the type of sound absorber proposed herein is made of materials that are especially suited to hygiene considerations. The materials are microperforated panels (MPPs) and permeable membranes (PMs), both of which are easily washable and sanitised. Furthermore, we point out that 3D-MPP or PM space absorbers possess the additional value of aesthetic designability.
Enhanced Color Image Steganography for Recovery of Speed and Capacity in Embedded Images

Now a day’s internet is turned into the mechanism for exchanging the delicate data, the safety of the exchanged message become the most extreme need. Image steganography has developed out as the famous technique of data concealing that guarantees the safety of the conveying information. Picture files give high limit, and their recurrence of accessibility over internet is likewise elevated. Present paper, a technique for Color Image coding is recommended so as to hide the data beside a chose pixel and on the following estimation of the chosen pixel, that is, pixel + 1. One bit is covered up at the chose pixel, and the second bit is covered up on the pixel +1 esteem. On the premise of the seventh bit of the pixels of a picture, a numerical capacity is connected at the seventh bit of the pixels, which produces a brief variable (pixel + 1). The seventh bit of the chose pixel and seventh bit of pixel + 1 are utilized for data covering up and withdrawal. Based on a blend of these two qualities, 2 bits of the message is covered up on every pixel subsequent to execution, the effectiveness of the technique is kept an eye based on parameters like PSNR and MSE, and this method is efficient than some previously proposed methods. This proposed picture steganography demonstrated promising, fascinating outcomes when contrasted and other existing strategies.
Refined analysis of current–voltage characteristics in Townsend dielectric barrier discharges in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure

A refined method is proposed to analyze surface spreading phenomena along the gas flow lines in plane-to-plane Townsend dielectric barrier discharges (TDBDs) in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure. Current–voltage characteristics are recorded as a function of gas residence time using a recently-developed, fragmented-electrode system and the results are analyzed using an equivalent circuit model using dielectric, gas and parasitic capacitances as adjustable parameters. The results show that the capacitance values are directly correlated to the surface spreading of the TDBD, which in turn, influences the shape of the discharge current and gas voltage curves for each half-cycle of the applied voltage. This highlights the importance of a good determination of the effective discharge surface area and therefore of the capacitance values in electrical analysis of TDBD.
Isotropic and Anisotropic P Wave Velocity Structures of the Crust and Uppermost Mantle Beneath Turkey

Compressional and extensional tectonics following northward plate convergences since the Miocene have formed the major surface features in Turkey, such as faulting and orogeny. Despite increasing efforts in last few decades aiming to elucidate the current architecture of the crust and mantle beneath Turkey, several issues regarding the depth extent of the deformation zones, crust‐mantle interaction (e.g., coupling and decoupling) in relation to the deformation, and stress transmission in the lithosphere remain elusive. Here we present high‐resolution 3‐D P wave isotropic and azimuthal anisotropic velocity models of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath Turkey by inverting 204,531 P wave arrival times of 8,103 local crustal earthquakes. Our results reveal low‐velocity anomalies or velocity contrasts down to the uppermost mantle along the North and East Anatolian Fault Zones. The fast velocity directions (FVDs) of azimuthal anisotropy in the lower crust and uppermost mantle are parallel to the regional maximum extensional directions in western Turkey, and the FVDs in the crust and uppermost mantle are parallel to the surface structures in southeastern Turkey. These results indicate that vertically coherent deformation between the crust and uppermost mantle occurs in western and southeastern Turkey. However, in central northern Turkey, the FVDs in the uppermost mantle are oblique to both the FVDs in the lower crust and the maximum shear directions derived from GPS measurements, suggesting that the crust and lithospheric mantle are decoupled there.
Reported self-efficacy of nursing clinical instructors in a bachelor’s of science in nursing program

Clinical instructors play a significant role in the development of safe and competent nursing students. When nurses beginning their career as a clinical instructor, a substantial gap in knowledge can existence in the expectations of this new role. A deficiency of formal education in nursing education or orientation to this position can lead to a lack of self-efficacy and knowledge among clinical instructors. Research supports that a formal orientation and training increases feelings of self-efficacy among clinical instructors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an online educational program on clinical instructor’s knowledge and self-efficacy towards teaching in a pre-licensure bachelors of science in nursing program. A pre-test/post-test design was utilized to assess changes in knowledge and self-efficacy immediately before and after the intervention for ten clinical instructors. Directly following the training, knowledge scores were measured with a statically significant result. In addition, immediately after the training and three months after the training, self-efficacy scores were measured and found to be statically significantly. In conclusion, the educational intervention was found to be statistically significant in improving the knowledge and self-efficacy scores among clinical instructors in the program as evidenced by the pre-test/post-tests results. This program was cost-effective to implement as there was no cost to the school of nursing or clinical instructors. The instructors could complete the online training from any location that had internet access and during any time of the day or night at their convenience.
Implantable Hearing Aids: Where are we in 2020?

Beginning in the late 20th century, implantable hearing aids were developed and used as an alternative for individuals who were unable to tolerate conventional hearing aids. Since that time, several devices have been developed, with four currently remaining on the international market (Med‐el Vibrant Soundbridge, Envoy Esteem, Ototronix MAXUM, and Cochlear Carina). This review will briefly examine the history of middle ear implant development, describe current available devices, evaluate the benefits and limits of the technology, and consider the future directions of research in the field of implantable hearing aids.
Impedimetric Biosensor Based on a Hechtia argentea Lectin for the Detection of Salmonella spp.

A sensitive electrochemical detection method for Salmonella spp. was described, based on the use of Hechtia argentea lectin immobilised on a screen-printed gold electrode. The lectin was extracted from Hechtia argentea, a plant belonging to the Bromeliaceae family. The lectin with molecular weight near 27.4 kDa showed selectivity towards D-mannose, contained on the lipopolysaccharide cell wall of Salmonella spp. Carbohydrate selectivity of the lectin was measured as a change in impedance with respect to concentration. The binding of the bacteria to the biosensor surface increased impedance with increasing concentrations of Salmonella spp. , achieving a linear range of detection of 15–2.57 × 107 CFU mL−1, with a limit of detection of 5 CFU mL−1. Increases in impedance were measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and analysed using Nyquist plots. The biosensor was applied in analysis of hen egg samples, and the results were consistent with those obtained using the official analysis methodology.
Genetic variability analysis of 26 sheep breeds in the Czech Republic

In this study, the intraand inter-population level of genetic diversity of 26 transboundary and local sheep breeds reared in the Czech Republic was analysed. A total of 14,999 animals genotyped for 11 microsatellite markers were included to describe the gene pool of the breeds. The level of genetic diversity was derived from the proportion of heterozygous animals among and within breeds. The average polymorphic information content (0.745) and Shannon’s index (1.361) showed a high genetic variability of the applied set of genetic markers. The average observed heterozygosity (0.683 ± 0.009), as well as FIS index (-0.025 ± 0.004), pointed to a sufficient proportion of heterozygotes concerning the loss of genetic diversity. The deficit of heterozygotes was most evident in Cameroon sheep (FIS = 0.036). The Nei's genetic distances and Wright's FST indexes showed that the analysed breeds are genetically differentiated to separate clusters with Cameroon sheep as the most genetically distant breed. Individual variation accounted for 83.2 % of total diversity conserved across breeds, whereas 16.8 % of genetic similarity resulted from the inter-population reduction in heterozygosity.
circFAM73A Promotes Cancer Stem Cell-like Properties of Gastric Cancer Through miR-490-3p/HMGA2 Positive Feedback and HNRNPK-mediated β-catenin Stabilization.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a new subclass of regulatory RNAs that exert critical roles in various cancers. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of cancer cells, are believed to possess the capacities to initiate tumorigenesis and promote progression. Although accumulating evidences have suggested that cells with CSC-like properties are crucial for the malignance process of gastric cancer (GC), it remains inexplicit whether circRNAs are interrelated with the acquisition of CSC-like properties in GC.Methods: circFAM73A expression was analyzed by GEO datasets and verified in GC samples. The role of circFAM73A on GC cell proliferation, migration, cisplatin resistance and CSC-like properties were determined by a series of functional experiment both in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull down was used to explore the miRNAs and proteins binding to circFAM73A. Bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification confirmed the downstream of circFAM73A. The regulation of HMGA2 on circFAM73A was verified by ChIP and RIP assays.Results: Elevated circFAM73A expression was confirmed in GC tissues and higher circFAM73A predicts poor prognosis of GC patients. The upregulation of circFAM73A enhanced CSC-like properties in GC, thus, exerting the facilitating role on cell proliferation, migration and cisplatin resistance. Mechanistically, circFAM73A promoted GC malignancy by regulating miR-490-3p/HMGA2 in a positive feedback loop and recruiting HNRNPK to facilitate β-catenin stabilization. Moreover, HMGA2 further enhanced E2F1 and HNRNPL activity, which in turn promotes circFAM73A expression.Conclusions: Our work demonstrates the crucial role of circFAM73A on GC CSC-like properties and uncovers a positive feedback loop on circFAM73A regulation that leads to the progression of gastric cancer, which may provide a new insight for circRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Perspective—Beyond the Century-Long Paradigm of Hydrogen Electrochemistry through the Laviron–Amatore Paradox

Herein, we advance our fundamental understanding of hydrogen electrochemistry as crucial energy technology by challenging the century-long paradigm that Volmer, Heyrovsky, and Tafel reactions are elementary. We identify and resolve the theoretical controversy of this phenomenological model to argue that each reaction must be stepwise not concerted elementarily. The stepwise model provides unprecedented insights as exempli ﬁ ed by resolving current debates on the Tafel analysis and volcano plot based on the controversial concerted model. The stepwise mechanism has not been distinguished from the concerted mechanism experimentally owing to the Laviron – Amatore paradox, which will be overcome by developing transient nanoelectrochemical methods. ©2020The
Comparison of Vitamin E, Irganox 1010 and Bht as Antioxidants On Release of Off-Flavor From Hdpe Bottles

The effects of vitamin E, Irganox 1010, and BHT as antioxidants for reducing the release of off-flavor (both off-odor and off-taste) from blow- molded HDPE bottles were investigated. A sensory study was conducted and showed that bottles containing vitamin E had a lower odor intensity and a higher acceptability for storage of drinking water compared to bottles contain ing Irganox 1010 or BHT. Forty-seven volatile compounds were identified to release from the bottles using the purge-and-trap GC/MS analysis. Those vola tile compounds, ranging from C 6 to C18, belonged to the groups of n-alkane, 1- alkene, aldehyde, ketone, phenolic, olefin, and paraffin; among them aldehydes and ketones were the most important due to their very low odor thresholds. The bottles containing vitamin E were found to release the least amount of alde hydes and ketones compared to bottles containing Irganox 1010 or BHT. The acceptability of drinking water is correlated inversely to the intensity of odor and taste as well as to the aldehyde/ketone concentration. Therefore vitamin E, although used at about 20% the concentration of Irganox 1010 or BHT, is a superior antioxidant for reducing off-odor and off-taste from HDPE bottles.
Small, But Significant Declines In Crop Productivity On Low Fertility Soils

Agricultural yields are susceptible to losses during extreme weather events related to climate change, jeopardizing food security. Yield losses may be mediated by underlying quality or variation of agricultural land in soil fertility, topography, drainage, and growing degree days. For instance, crops grown on poor quality land may be more susceptible to the negative consequences of climate variation as compared to crops grown on high quality land. This study investigated yield response for corn, soybeans, and pasture to different land qualities across Ontario from 2011 to 2017. Yield is approximated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which is a satellite-derived measure of biomass production. For three focal crops (soybean, corn, and pasture), the average maximum NDVI and the coefficient of variance (CV) of maximum NDVI were aggregated at a provincial and county scale for each land quality classification. Relatively stable CV values were evident across all land qualities, yet certain counties showed greater variation in productivity on poor quality land suggesting greater susceptibility to extreme weather. Over 7 years, there were small but significant declines in NDVI in response to poor quality land for all three crop types. This suggests that agricultural producers cannot overcome the biophysical limitations of poor quality land on crop yield. Understanding differential crop productivity responses to land quality can help producers mitigate crop losses to climatic variation, thus equally stabilizing food availability.
Controlled versus free breathing for multiple breath nitrogen washout in healthy adults

Multiple breath nitrogen washout (MBNW) quantifies ventilation heterogeneity. Two distinct protocols are currently used for MBNW testing: “controlled breathing”, with targeted tidal volume (VT) and respiratory rate (RR); and “free breathing”, with no constraints on breathing pattern. Indices derived from the two protocols (functional residual capacity (FRC), lung clearance index (LCI), Scond, Sacin) have not been directly compared in adults. We aimed to determine whether MBNW indices are comparable between protocols, to identify factors underlying any between-protocol differences and to determine the between-session variabilities of each protocol. We performed MBNW testing by both protocols in 27 healthy adult volunteers, applying the currently proposed correction for VT to Scond and Sacin derived from free breathing. To establish between-session variability, we repeated testing in 15 volunteers within 3 months. While FRC was comparable between controlled versus free breathing 2.92 (0.86) versus 2.94 (0.89) L, p=0.75), indices of ventilation heterogeneity derived from the two protocols were not, with poor correlation for Scond (r=0.18, p=0.36) and significant bias for Sacin (0.057 (0.021) L−1 versus 0.085 (0.038) L−1, p=0.0004). Between-protocol differences in Sacin were related to differences in the breathing pattern, i.e. VT (p=0.004) and RR (p=0.01), rather than FRC. FRC and LCI showed good between-session repeatability, but Scond and Sacin from free breathing showed poor repeatability with wide limits of agreement. These findings have implications for the ongoing clinical implementation of MBNW, as they demonstrate that Scond and Sacin from free breathing, despite VT correction, are not equivalent to the controlled breathing protocol. The poor between-session repeatability of Scond during free breathing may limit its clinical utility. Phase 3 slopes indices derived from “free breathing” and “controlled breathing” MBNW protocols are not comparable, and differences are related to breathing patterns. These findings have implications for the ongoing clinical implementation of MBNW. https://bit.ly/35oQYnW
Predictive Modeling and High-Pressure−High-Temperature Synthesis of Perovskites Containing Monovalent Silver

The program POTATO, which was developed to model distorted perovskite structures, has been used to assess the stability of hypothetical compositions and guide the synthesis of new materials at high pressures and high temperatures. The initial result of this effort is the synthesis of two new perovskites, Ca2NdAgTi4O12 and NdAgTi2O6, which were synthesized at 14−14.5 GPa and 1000 °C using the uniaxial split sphere anvil type press (USSA-2000). Both compounds are perovskites distorted from the ideal cubic structure by octahedral tilting distortions. Ca2NdAgTi4O12 contains a random distribution of Ca2+/Nd3+/Ag+ ions on the A-site, whereas NdAgTi2O6 has a partially ordered distribution of Nd3+/Ag+ ions. Ca2NdAgTi4O12 adopts the GdFeO3 structure (Glazer tilt system b-a+b-), space group Pnma, with a = 5.44883(4), b = 7.68915(6), and c = 5.42290(3) A. NdAgTi2O6 belongs to the tetragonal space group P4/nbm, with a = 5.45337(3) and c = 7.72934(6) A. This structure can be derived from the simple cubic perovskite st.
Investigation of Cr(VI) Adsorption by Dried Brown Algae Sargassum sp. and Its Activated Carbon

In this research, the batch removal of toxic hexavalent chromium ions from wastewater and aqueous solution using dried (BD) Sargassum sp. (brown marine algae) and Activated Carbon (AC) prepared from it was examined. Biomass, pH and the initial concentration of Cr(VI), adsorption models and kinetic studies were investigated. The experiment was performed in a batch system and the effect of solution pH, initial concentration and contact time on biosorption by both biomasses were investigated and compared. When we used AC and BD as biosorbents, optima conditions were established at pH=2.0, Cr 6+ concentration at 3.69 mg/g BD and 6.877 mg/g AC and equilibrium time of 120 min. The adsorption was in the range of 83.55% and 91.98%, respectively. The experimental adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir adsorption model. The chromium (VI) uptake by the biosorbents was best described by a pseudo second-order rate model.