Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear resonant characteristics of shallow fluid layers

Results are presented from an experimental investigation of the motion of a shallow layer of water in a square tank that was oscillated horizontally with small amplitude at frequencies close to the natural frequency of the layer. The aim was to assess the validity of certain theoretical predictions relating to nonlinear resonance in shallow layers based on asymptotic analysis. These concern the hysteretic nature of the resonance profile and the existence of non-trivial oscillatory components associated with shock-like discontinuities in the derived solution for the free surface configuration. The experimental results support the theoretical predictions and show a coincidence in parameter space between the regions of hysteresis and oscillatory transition.
A Framework for Cooperative Real-Time Transactions

In a distributed multimedia database presentation, transactions (playout agents) for the multi-media database system need to cooperate with each other to handle online user interactions or to manage the presentation dynamically over a network. We propose a model for such transactions to cooperate through rules and task communication and synchronization. Transaction cooperation can be speciied both statically at transaction-compile time and/or dynamically at execution time. We propose a model where Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rules and non-ECA rules can be speciied and triggered. Also, an action can be performed or prohibited in a given time interval.
Modeling of crosstalk delay and noise in single-walled carbon nanotube bundle interconnects

In the proposed work, crosstalk effects are investigated in two identically coupled SWCNT bundle interconnects at 21 nm and 15 nm technology nodes for intermediate and global interconnects. An ABCD parameter based approach has been used to investigate crosstalk delay and noise in both sparse and dense SWCNT bundle interconnect system. The simulation results show that the proposed model is not only ~100% accurate but also almost 6 times faster than SPICE. The worst case crosstalk induced delay and peak crosstalk noise voltages for SWCNT bundle interconnects are compared to those of conventional copper (Cu) interconnects at the intermediate as well as global level interconnects. Simulation results also confirm that dense SWCNTs are always ahead of sparse SWCNTs with respect to performance advantage numbers over copper for every levels of interconnects and irrespective of technology nodes. As far as the worst case peak crosstalk noise is concerned, there is a critical length after which the performance of the dense SWCNT bundles is better than that of its sparse counterpart. Simulation results also prove that dense SWCNT bundled interconnect is a potential alternative to Copper interconnects in future nanoscale integrated circuits with respect to performance as well as signal integrity issues.
The DIST-HAND robot

This paper presents the prototype of the DIST robotic hand developed at the Graal-Lab of the University of Genova. In the current version, the hand is formed by a palm supporting four fingers. Each finger has four rotational degrees of freedom, and is equipped with custom built position sensors using Hall-effect transducers. The actuation of each finger is done using six tendons driven by five computer controlled DC motors. A kinematic analysis has been performed using simulation tools, with the goal of building a mechanism with size and mobility similar to those of human hand.
Health and education: a partnership required for school success.

PURPOSE To investigate the association between home environment resources and the school performance of children from a public school in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, enrolled in the fourth year of the second cycle of Elementary School. METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 48 children aged between 8 and 12 years old participated. It included 28 boys, 20 girls, and their respective guardians. The children were evaluated in hearing and school performance regarding reading, writing, and arithmetic. In the home environment, the resources that promote proximal processes, activities that indicate stability in family life, parent's practices that promote a family-school connection, the resources that may contribute to the development of academic learning, the child's health, the presence of altered communication, family literacy, and socioeconomic data were assessed. RESULTS There is a relationship between the home environment resources and the academic performance in reading and writing (for all categories of the Home Environment Resources Scale, HERS). The statistical relationship between performances in arithmetics was found in two of HERS' categories: home environment resources and family-school connection. CONCLUSION The home environment influenced the learning development of the assessed children.
The Preferred Number of Channels (One, Two, or Four) in NAL-NL1 Prescribed Wide Dynamic Range Compression (WDRC) Devices

Objective The recently introduced NAL-NL1 rationale for fitting WDRC devices prescribes a relatively high compression threshold and prescribes compression ratios lower than those prescribed by loudness normalization rationales. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the compression characteristic prescribed by NAL-NL1 is most effective in a single-channel scheme or in a multi-channel scheme. Design Twenty-four subjects with flat or steeply sloping hearing loss participated in the study. One, two, and four channels were implemented digitally in the laboratory and evaluated on the basis of a paired-comparison test and a speech recognition test. The test stimuli consisted of speech and noise presented at average input levels, and speech and noise alternating every 3 sec among different input levels. The single-channel and 2-channel NAL-NL1 prescriptions were also evaluated in individually selected everyday situations in the field using a digital 2-memory device. Results The three compression schemes produced no significant difference in speech recognition scores. Most subjects showed no preference for either scheme in the paired-comparison test. Those who did mainly selected the single-channel scheme. These preferences can be explained on the basis on audibility and quality. In the field all subjects with a steeply sloping loss, but one, preferred the 2-channel scheme. Among the subjects with a flat loss more preferred the single-channel scheme than preferred the 2-channel scheme. Statistical analyses showed that those who preferred the 2-channel scheme were fitted with significantly greater differences in the compression ratio in the high frequencies, and those who preferred the single-channel scheme were fitted with significantly greater differences in the high-frequency gain for a 65 dB input. Conclusions Multi-channel compression prescribed according to NAL-NL1 in up to four channels showed no adverse effects on speech recognition relative to a single-channel scheme. The paired-comparison test showed a small, but explainable preference for the single-channel scheme. The field test revealed a preference for the 2-channel scheme by subjects with steeply sloping loss. When using the NAL-NL1 rationale it is recommended to use at least two channels when fitting clients with sloping loss, whereas for clients with flat loss the number of compression channels is probably unimportant.
Antifungal Susceptibility and Phylogeny of Opportunistic Members of the Order Mucorales

ABSTRACT The in vitro susceptibilities of 66 molecularly identified strains of the Mucorales to eight antifungals (amphotericin B, terbinafine, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin, micafungin, and 5-fluorocytosine) were tested. Molecular phylogeny was reconstructed based on the nuclear ribosomal large subunit to reveal taxon-specific susceptibility profiles. The impressive phylogenetic diversity of the Mucorales was reflected in susceptibilities differing at family, genus, and species levels. Amphotericin B was the most active drug, though somewhat less against Rhizopus and Cunninghamella species. Posaconazole was the second most effective antifungal agent but showed reduced activity in Mucor and Cunninghamella strains, while voriconazole lacked in vitro activity for most strains. Genera attributed to the Mucoraceae exhibited a wide range of MICs for posaconazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine and included resistant strains. Cunninghamella also comprised strains resistant to all azoles tested but was fully susceptible to terbinafine. In contrast, the Lichtheimiaceae completely lacked strains with reduced susceptibility for these antifungals. Syncephalastrum species exhibited susceptibility profiles similar to those of the Lichtheimiaceae. Mucor species were more resistant to azoles than Rhizopus species. Species-specific responses were obtained for terbinafine where only Rhizopus arrhizus and Mucor circinelloides were resistant. Complete or vast resistance was observed for 5-fluorocytosine, caspofungin, and micafungin. Intraspecific variability of in vitro susceptibility was found in all genera tested but was especially high in Mucor and Rhizopus for azoles and terbinafine. Accurate molecular identification of etiologic agents is compulsory to predict therapy outcome. For species of critical genera such as Mucor and Rhizopus, exhibiting high intraspecific variation, susceptibility testing before the onset of therapy is recommended.
Virus treatment in advanced cancer. A pathological study of fifty‐seven cases

HE F i N D i N c s at autopsy in filiy-seven cases T of advanced neoplastic disease treated with one or more viruses (Table 1) form the basis of the present report. In addition, twenty-three of these fifty-seven patients had a total of seventy-seven biopsies (Tables 2 and 3) that were studied and compared with material obtained postmortem for evidence of morphological change attributable to virus inoculation. The experimental basis and rationale that led to human experimental virus inoculation in advanced neoplastic disease and the clinical course of human infection following the injection of certain viruses have been reported else-
Modern Concepts of Caries Measurement

Following the consideration of several recent systematic and other reviews, there is a growing professional and scientific consensus that caries measurement methodology in caries clinical trials (CCT) should be updated to reflect progress made elsewhere in cariology. In this paper, therefore, “modern” means accepted in contemporary dental research and dental practice on the basis of sound research evidence—not necessarily new or requiring the use of new technology. Caries measurement should be seen in the context of the objectives of modern clinical caries management and the continuum of disease states, ranging from sub-surface carious changes through to more advanced lesions. Measurement concepts can be applied to at least three levels: the tooth surface, the individual, or the group/population. All are relevant to CCTs. Modern clinical caries management can be seen as comprised of seven discrete but linked steps (Steps 2, 3, and 4 are directly concerned with measurement.): (1) ‘Caries detection’ represents a yes/no decision as to whether caries is present; (2) lesion measurement assesses defined stages of the caries process, taking into account the histopatholgical morphology and appearance of different sizes and types of lesion and the diagnostic threshold(s) being used; (3) lesion monitoring by repeated measures at a series of examinations is used when lesions are less advanced than the stage judged to require operative intervention (A comparison of serial measurements permits the efficacy of preventive care aiming either to arrest or to reverse the lesion to be assessed.); (4) caries activity measures would be very valuable, but are relatively poorly developed and tested at present; (5) diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical decision-making are the important human processes in which all the information obtained from steps 1 to 4 is synthesised; (6) interventions/treatments, both preventive and operative, are now routinely used for caries management; and (7) outcome of caries control/management assesses caries management by examining evidence on the long-term outcomes. A challenge for the future is to define a range of optimal caries measurement methods—in use or in development in recent trials, in clinical practice, and/or in caries epidemiology—that will best contribute to more efficient, modern caries clinical trials.
Prime-Boost Immunization with Adenoviral and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vectors Enhances the Durability and Polyfunctionality of Protective Malaria CD8+ T-Cell Responses

ABSTRACT Protection against liver-stage malaria relies on the induction of high frequencies of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. We have previously reported high protective levels against mouse malaria, albeit short-lived, by a single vaccination with adenoviral vectors coding for a liver-stage antigen (ME.TRAP). Here, we report that prime-boost regimens using modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and adenoviral vectors encoding ME.TRAP can enhance both short- and long-term sterile protection against malaria. Protection persisted for at least 6 months when simian adenoviruses AdCh63 and AdC9 were used as priming vectors. Kinetic analysis showed that the MVA boost made the adenoviral-primed T cells markedly more polyfunctional, with the number of gamma interferon (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-2 (IL-2) triple-positive and INF-γ and TNF-α double-positive cells increasing over time, while INF-γ single-positive cells declined with time. However, IFN-γ production prevailed as the main immune correlate of protection, while neither an increase of polyfunctionality nor a high integrated mean fluorescence intensity (iMFI) correlated with protection. These data highlight the ability of optimized viral vector prime-boost regimens to generate more protective and sustained CD8+ T-cell responses, and our results encourage a more nuanced assessment of the importance of inducing polyfunctional CD8+ T cells by vaccination.
The Effect of Training at a Specific Time of Day: A Review

Abstract Chtourou, H and Souissi, N. The effect of training at a specific time of day: A review. J Strength Cond Res 26(7): 1984–2005, 2012—This article focuses on physical performances after training at a specific time of day. To date, although the effect of time of day on aerobic performances appears to be equivocal, during anaerobic exercises, the effect of time of day has been well established with early morning nadirs and peak performances in the late afternoon. These diurnal rhythms can be influenced by several factors such as the regular training at a specific time of day. Indeed, regular training in the morning hours may increase the lower morning performances to the same or even higher level as their normal diurnal peak typically observed in the late afternoon by a greater increase of performance in the evening. However, regular training in the evening hours may increase the morning-evening (i.e., amplitude of the rhythm) difference by a greater increase of performance in the late afternoon. Therefore, adaptations to training are greater at the time of day at which training is regularly performed than at other times. Nevertheless, although modifications in resting hormones concentrations could explain this time-of-day specific adaptations, precise information on the underlying mechanisms is lacking.
Improvement of Network Intrusion Detection Accuracy by Using Restricted Boltzmann Machine

In various data of network intrusion detection used for classification algorithm's learning, a great deal of noise and outlier data are mixed. In case of a learning performed by using data of high impurities, no matter how the performance of classification algorithm is outstanding, any network intrusion detection model of high performance becomes hard to anticipate. To increase the accuracy of network intrusion detection, not only the performance of classification algorithm should be increased but also the management on noises and outliers in the data used for the classification algorithm's learning. Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is a type of unsupervised learning that doesn't use class labels. RBM is a probabilistic generative model that composes new data on input data based on the trained probability. The new data composed through RBM show that the noises and outliers are removed from the input data. When the newly composed data are applied to the network intrusion detection model, negative effects from the noise and outlier data to the learning are eliminated. In this study, noises and outliers in KDD Cup 1999 Data are removed by applying the data to RBM and composing a new data. Then, use results between the existing data and the data from which noises and outliers are removed are compared. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the performance improvement of network intrusion detection resulted by removing noises and outliers included in the data through RBM.
Mammalian Emi 2 mediates cytostatic arrest and transduces the signal for meiotic exit via Cdc 20

Fertilizable mammalian oocytes are arrested at the second meiotic metaphase (mII) by the cyclinB-Cdc2 heterodimer, maturation promoting factor (MPF). MPF is stabilized via the activity of an unidentified cytostatic factor (CSF), thereby suspending meiotic progression until fertilization. We here present evidence that a conserved 71 kDa mammalian orthologue of Xenopus XErp1/Emi2, which we term endogenous meiotic inhibitor 2 (Emi2) is an essential CSF component. Depletion in situ of Emi2 by RNA interference elicited precocious meiotic exit in maturing mouse oocytes. Reduction of Emi2 released mature mII oocytes from cytostatic arrest, frequently inducing cytodegeneration. Mos levels autonomously declined to undetectable levels in mII oocytes. Recombinant Emi2 reduced the propensity of mII oocytes to exit meiosis in response to activating stimuli. Emi2 and Cdc20 proteins mutually interact and Cdc20 ablation negated the ability of Emi2 removal to induce metaphase release. Consistent with this, Cdc20 removal prevented parthenogenetic or sperm-induced meiotic exit. These studies show in intact oocytes that the interaction of Emi2 with Cdc20 links activating stimuli to meiotic resumption at fertilization and during parthenogenesis in mammals. The EMBO Journal (2006) 25, 834–845. doi:10.1038/ sj.emboj. 7600953; Published online 2 February 2006 Subject Categories: cell cycle; development
Computer-aided fit testing: an approach for examining the user/equipment interface

Developments in laser digitizing technology now make it possible to capture very accurate 3D images of the surface of the human body in less than 20 seconds. Applications for the images range from animation of movie characters to the design and visualization of clothing and individual equipment (CIE). In this paper we focus on modeling the user/equipment interface. Defining the relative geometry between user and equipment provides a better understanding of equipment performance, and can make the design cycle more efficient. Computer-aided fit testing (CAFT) is the application of graphical and statistical techniques to visualize and quantify the human/equipment interface in virtual space. In short, CAFT looks to measure the relative geometry between a user and his or her equipment. The design cycle changes with the introducing CAFT; now some evaluation may be done in the CAD environment prior to prototyping. CAFT may be applied in two general ways: (1) to aid in the creation of new equipment designs and (2) to evaluate current designs for compliance to performance specifications. We demonstrate the application of CAFT with two examples. First, we show how a prototype helmet may be evaluated for fit, and second we demonstrate how CAFT may be used to measure body armor coverage.
Reduction of the Number of Constraints in the Matrix-Dilation Approach to Robust Semidefinite Programming

In order to solve a robust semidefinite programming problem, which is a semidefinite programming problem containing uncertain parameters, an approximate problem with a small number of constraints is proposed. The proposed approximate problem is constructed by dilation of the matrices in the constraints. The minimum value of the approximate problem converges to that of the original problem as the parameter region is divided finer. Although, with the previously proposed approximate problem, the number of constraints is of exponential order in the parameter dimension, it is of linear order with the new approximate problem. Just as the previous approximate problem, the quality of approximation is expressed in terms of the resolution of the division. This result is obtained by application of the result of Ben-Tal-Nemirovski (2002). In the last section of the paper, a useful property is derived on polynomial optimization, which can be reduced to robust semidefinite programming
The dawn of bilaterian animals: the case of acoelomorph flatworms

The origin of the bilaterian metazoans from radial ancestors is one of the biggest puzzles in animal evolution. A way to solve it is to identify the nature and main features of the last common ancestor of the bilaterians (LCB). Recent progress in molecular phylogeny has shown that many platyhelminth flatworms, regarded for a long time as basal bilaterians, now belong to the lophotrochozoan protostomates. In contrast, the LCB is now considered a complex organism bearing several features of modern bilaterians. Here we discuss an alternative view, in which acoelomorph (Acoela + Nemertodermatida) flatworms, which do not belong to the Platyhelminthes, represent the earliest extant bilaterian clade. Sequences from ribosomal and other nuclear genes, Hox cluster genes, and reinterpretation of some morphological features strongly support the basal position of acoelomorphs arguing against a complex LCB. This reconstruction backs the old planuloid–acoeloid hypothesis and may help our understanding of the evolution of body axes, Hox genes and the Cambrian explosion. BioEssays 26:1046–1057, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quality‐of‐service‐aware cluster‐based service discovery approach for mobile ad hoc networks

This paper presents a quality‐of‐service (QoS) distributed service discovery approach for mobile ad hoc network environments. The approach builds upon a clustered topology, where the clusterhead (CH) is assigned additional roles having to do with maintaining a directory of services in the network and aggregating and computing QoS scores about service providers (SPs) from requesting nodes (RNs) and the providers themselves. To reduce the amount of overhead traffic, the design makes extensive use of piggybacking for relaying and updating the CHs with QoS scores. A mobile device that is interested in a certain service submits a request to its CH, which uses cached QoS data to return a ranked list of SPs that offer the type of requested service. On the basis of its interaction with the SP, the device sends the CH next time it makes a request a score reflecting its perception of the SP's QoS. Over time, the CH develops robust QoS data that it uses to help devices obtain the best available service. Theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation based on simulations prove the advantages of the proposed system and the effectiveness of its operations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.