Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Evaluation and Selecting the Optimum Public Private Partnership System for Transportation

A very effective and strategic factor in the success of transportation projects is the process of selecting an execution system (delivery option). This is the reason why identifying the challenges and selecting an appropriate execution system in transportation projects are quite important; proper selecting will lead to proper progress in the execution of the projects of this sector which is somehow the basis for the country’s development. In this paper, using extensive field studies, the most important affecting factors of the existing main execution systems in Iran, including Design-Bid-Build (DBB), Design-Build (DB) and Construction Management (CM), in road, railway, and freeway projects were determined. Then, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Expert Choice software, the appropriate execution system for each of such projects were identified and grouped
Evaluation of Tryptic Peptides from Neisseria meningitidis Outer Membrane Proteins PorA and PorBDigestion, Peptides

Abstract Peptide-based protein quantitation using LC-MS/MS is a valuable method for the measurement of specific proteins in complex biological samples. To ensure accurate measurement of the target protein the signature peptides must be true stoichiometric representatives of the amount of protein in the sample. We report here the results of our evaluation of candidate signature peptides for IDMS quantitation of Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane proteins PorA and PorB. We observed considerable differences in the quantitation of the individual peptides and determined that the digestion protocol used was crucial to the accuracy of protein quantitation. A rapid rate of cleavage was essential to produce high quality data for the quantitation of PorA and PorB. This report also highlights the need for signature peptides and their isotopically labelled form, i.e. the internal standards, to be stable throughout digestion. However, we did observe that biased quantitation likely due to peptide instability could be mitigated by concurrent addition of the labelled internal standard peptide. Furthermore we observed that sample matrices have differing effects on specific peptide cleavage during protein digestion. In conclusion, the selection of stable signature peptides and the optimisation of the digestion conditions are not trivial considerations but are essential for accurate protein quantitation.
Deliveries by caesarean sections on request of women: legal-medical evidence

Introduction: In Italy the use of caesarean delivery has a rising trend moving away from European standards appeared on Euro-Peristat on maternal and child health, presenting the highest percentage of use of this procedure with significant regional differences. This study have analyzed the most recent data of a Sicilian reality about normal delivery and caesarean sections carried out in a hospital situated in Messina (Italy). Materials and methods : A total number of 1,573 medical records from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2013 were analyzed and data gathered were statistically examined to describe general and specific parameters of the sample making use of Epi Info 7.1. 4 software (CDC Atlanta – USA). Chi-square test was used to show any statistic differences among studied population. Results: Overall data showed that were carried out 38.27% of spontaneous deliveries, 7.06% of induced labor, and 54.67% of caesarean deliveries. There were no significant statistical differences between recourse to caesarean section and vaginal delivery in relation to nationality, age, level of education and/or work. The enrolled group, based on the parameters examined, was divided into appropriate caesarean section, in 79.49% of cases, inappropriate in 7.20% (mother’s request) and unjustified in 13.31% (with no indication, incomplete medical record). An examination of the anesthetic medical records showed that the caesarean section was considered to be urgent in 31.74% of the cases; however in 17.92% of these cases there is no information in the medical records justifying the use of emergency procedures. Conclusion : The reported data from the study that we conducted, lead to medical-legal and juridical considerations, especially as regards the use of caesarean delivery on the woman request. The complexity of the phenomenon requires the development of a variety of intervention strategies, not only for issues related to the reduction of health care costs, but also with regard to the clinical risk management and medical legal aspects related to the several profiles of professional responsibility.
A DECENTRALIZED FAULT DETECTION AND ISOLATION SCHEME FOR SPACECRAFT: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN MODEL-BASED FAULT DETECTION AND ISOLATION RESEARCH AND PRACTICE

This paper introduces a decentralized fault diagnosis and isolation (FDI) architecture for spacecraft and applies it to the attitude determination and control system (ADCS) of a satellite. A system is decomposed into functional subsystems. The architecture is composed of local diagnosers for subsystems which work with local models. Fault ambiguities due to interactions between subsystems are resolved at a higher level by a supervisor, which combines the partial view of the local diagnosers and performs isolation on request. The architecture is hierarchically scalable. The structure of the ADCS is modeled as constraints and variables and used to demonstrate the decentralized architecture.
AN ULTRA WIDEBAND MONOPOLE ANTENNA WITH MULTIPLE FRACTAL SLOTS WITH DUAL BAND REJECTION CHARACTERISTICS

A compact dual band notched Ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with multiple Hilbert curve slots is proposed that exhibits an impedance bandwidth from 2.5GHz to 12GHz Hilbert curve slots result in band notch in the frequency range 5.15{5.85GHz assigned to IEEE 802.11a and HYPERLAN/2 as well as 7.9{8.4GHz band assigned to X-band uplink satellite communication systems. The antenna gain varies from 3dBi to 5dBi over the operating frequency. Stable radiation patterns throughout its operating frequency are obtained Over all antenna size is 25mm by 45.75mm including the ground plane. Simulation and measured result of the proposed antenna are in good agreement.
Word Distribution DTM Time Sequences Filter Language

Open-source projects continue to evolve that result in so many versions. Analyzing the unstructured information in the source code is based on the idea that the unstructured information reveals, to some extent, the concepts of the problem domain of the software. This information adds a new layer of source code semantic information and captures the domain semantics of the software. Developers shift their focus on which topic they work more in each version. Topic models reveal topics from the corpus, which embody real world concepts by analyzing words that frequently co-occur. These topics have been found to be effective mechanisms for describing the major themes spanning a corpus. Previous Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) based topic analysis tools can capture strengths evolution of various development topics over time or the content evolution of existing topics over time. Regrettably, none of the existing techniques can capture both strength and content evolution. In this work, we apply Dynamic Topic Models (DTM) to analyze the source code over a period of 10 different versions to capture both strength and content evolution simultaneously. We evaluate our approach by conducting a case study on a well-known open source software system, jEdit. The results show that our approach could capture not only how the strengths of various development topics change over time, but also how the content of each topic (i.e., words that form the topic) changes over time which shows that our approach can provide a more complete and valuable view of software evolution. Keywords–Open source; Source code; LDA; Topic extraction; Software evolution.
Regional growth centres - the most attractive location in Finland?

The present study analyses migration patterns in Finland to test if micro- economic evidence for the Harris-Todaro model is found. The H-T hypothesis states that rural-urban migration is a results of differences in expected earnings and employment prospects. In addition to the basic framework factors such as distance-decay and human capital accumulation are considered. The recent migration trend in Finland show concentration of population in a handful of urban growth centres. Human capital is flowing towards those regions while rural areas are losing theirs. In recent years this tends has become more apparent, though the analysis of long-run trends shows that the urban pattern has been developing over several decades. Both the H-T hypothesis and the distance-decay hypothesis are supported by the data. Human capital (young, educated individuals) shows also greater concentration, as expected.
Influence of Presence in Three-Dimensional Process Control

Nowadays with increasing automation, monitoring production processes in a continuous way gets more and more difficult. We investigate how the application of graphical 2D and 3D displays influences conductive and interfering aspects during monitoring situations. Our goal is to develop an appropriate visualization of process data, which enhance the operator’s understanding of the current process. On the one hand, we consider presence and the possibility to interact with the visualized data as conductive factors. On the other hand, we see task complexity and additional activities added to monitoring task as interfering factors, which can negatively disturb operator’s performance. For examining our research questions, we used different data visualizations from a thermohydraulic process producing particleboards. Presence was measured with a self-developed questionnaire.
'Divergence via Abstraction' Practices for Inventing New Puzzles

To invent new puzzles, we take a systematic approach called divergence via abstraction. Existing popular puzzles called permutation puzzles and cyclic puzzles are abstracted and converted into other media such as graphs, blocks, sounds, and robots, while preserving their logic. We implement puzzle generators on different media and variations of generated puzzles are shown. Merits and demerits of new puzzles are evaluated comparing with the original puzzles. This systematic approach can flexibly parameterize and creatively extend the puzzles.
A comparative study of SDS- and DSS-functionalized graphene as adsorbents for removal of 137Cs ions from low level radioactive waste

Graphene (GR) functionalized with aerosol 501 "dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium" (DSS/GR) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS/GR) were synthesized and characterized by analytical techniques including BET surface area, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The SEM images provide a direct evidence for the existence of sulfonic and sulfate anchors, respectively, by adding DSS and SDS surfactants to graphene structure where GR cavities effectively reduced. The XRD patterns of SDS/GR and DSS/GR exhibit reflection peaks at 2θ of 22.69° and 21.72° with interlayer spacings of 0⋅39 and 0.41 nm, respectively. These interlayer spacings were larger than that of GR, due to intercalating functional groups of SDS and DSS. The characteristic features of these samples were investigated as adsorbents to remove 137 Cs ions from low level radioactive waste (LLW). It was found that adsorption of 137 Cs ions onto GR, SDS/GR and DSS/GR were relatively fast and the equilibrium state reached after 60, 40, and 30 min, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity (Q m ) of 137 Cs ions inferred from the Langmuir model increases in the following order: GR ˂ SDS/GR ˂ DSS/GR. Results suggest that the sorption of 137 Cs ions onto each samples followed the pseudo second-order model. The thermodynamics were discussed.
Journal of Chemical Health Risks

Adsorption; Ferrus removal; Powdered activated carbon; Isotherm modeling; Kinetics; Thermodynamic ABSTRACT: In this study, powdered activated carbon was used as an absorbent to reduce Fe (II) ions concentration of groundwater. The adsorption behavior of Fe (II) ions was studied by varying parameters including the dosage of powdered activated carbon, pH of solution, initial concentration of Fe (II) and contact time. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics were also investigated based on Fe (II) adsorption tests. The optimized adsorption conditions were used for reducing iron concentration of groundwater derived from deep wells in Marand Plain with agricultural purposes in April 2017. An increase in contact time and adsorbent dosage resulted in increase of adsorption rate. The optimum condition of Fe (II) removal process was found at pH=4, 0.45 g adsorbent dosage, 10 mg/l initial concentration of Fe (II) and contact time of 30 min. The removal percent was equal to 97.21 at optimal conditions. Langmuir and Freundlich's models were employed to analyze the experimental data. Langmuir model fitted well with the correlation coefficient (R 2 =0.995) with adsorption capacity of qmax=205.2 mg/g. According to results of analysis of the kinetic data by the pseudo-first-order and pseudosecond-order equations, we found that the adsorption of Fe (II) using PAC follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with correlation coefficients (R 2 ) equals to 0.9995, 0.9996 and 0.9993 for 10, 20 and 30 mg/l Fe (II) concentrations, respectively. In addition, the reaction is spontaneous and endothermic. In optimal conditions, this adsorbent can be suitable for improving the quality of ground water containing high iron concentrations.
An updated list of sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in the Federal District of Brazil

The Federal District of Brazil (FD) has the lowest Phlebotominae species richness in the country’s Midwestern Region. Some of these species have been reported as Leishmania vectors. This study updates the list of sand flies in the FD by sampling 4 gallery forests. Using HP light traps and Shannon traps, 1,209 sand flies were captured and 16 species were identified. The most frequent species was Bichromomyia flaviscutellata (Mangabeira, 1942) (N = 668), followed by Psathyromyia pradobarrientosi (Le Pont, Matias, Martinez & Dujardin, 2004) (N = 285). Brumptomyia guimaraesi (Coutinho & Barretto, 1941), Micropygomyia ferreirana (Martins, Barretto & Pellegrino, 1956), Pa. pradobarrientosi, Br. brumpti (Larrousse, 1920), and Evandromyia bourrouli (Barretto & Coutinho, 1941) are reported for the first time in the FD. Sand flies richness in the FD (35 spp.) is relevant when compared to that of the state of Goiás (47 spp.), a state 59 times larger than the FD.
Economic Incentives for Voluntary Reporting on Internal Risk Management and Control Systems

This paper investigates managers' economic incentives for voluntary reporting on risk management and internal control using a sample of publicly traded firms in The Netherlands in the late 1990s. In this particular setting, internal control reporting was voluntary and covered a wide business‐based approach as defined in key internal control frameworks. We create an index to measure the extent of disclosure by identifying six reportable items related to internal control. Regarding managers' incentives to report, we hypothesize that voluntary disclosure increases with the extent of information and agency problems, as proxied by management and block holder ownership and financial leverage. Supporting our hypotheses, we find a negative relationship between the extent of internal control disclosure and management and block holder ownership, and positive relationship between the extent of disclosure and financial leverage. We interpret these findings as evidence for a conscious trade‐off by managers, which is l.
Notes on the Herz-type Hardy spaces of variable smoothness and integrability

The aim of this paper is twofold. First we give a new norm equivalents of the variable Herz spaces Kα(·) p(·),q(·) (R n) and K̇α(·) p(·),q(·) (R n) . Secondly we use these results to prove the atomic decomposition for Herz-type Hardy spaces of variable smoothness and integrability. Also, we prove the boundedness of a wide class of sublinear operators on these spaces, which includes maximal, potential and Calderón-Zygmund operators. Mathematics subject classification (2010): 42B20, 42B35, 46E30.
Agricultural Knowledge Transfer and Innovation Processes in Vietnam’s Northwestern Uplands:State-governed or Demand-driven?

This paper assesses processes of adoption of agricultural innovations introduced to the northwestern uplands of Vietnam since the late 1950s as a result of external driving forces and the motivation of adopting farmers. We found that innovations which meet the immediate needs of food security and income generation in the uplands are adopted by a high number of farmers, but tend to be less environmentally sound. Innovations driven by political and ecological interests, i.e. of the type “adoption for political and social rewards” and “adoption for a sustainable environment,” are accepted by only a small proportion of farmers. Agricultural innovations that can satisfy both the agenda of the government and meet the needs of farmers are quickly disseminated and have a long lifespan in the uplands. “Adoption for local consumption “ ” and “adoption for cash income” have currently reached their peak after a period of rapid growth in the recent past. Examples of this include intensive rice cultivation for household food needs and hybrid maize cultivation for market demand. This study further identified three main mechanisms of innovation diffusion, namely the trickle-down mechanism, the ripple mechanism and the network mechanism with their underlying communication models of “transmission,” “interpersonal communication” and “social network” respectively.
The Implementation of Critical Thinking in a Saudi EFL Context: Challenges and Opportunities

The aim of this paper is to explore the challenges to, and benefits of, fostering of critical thinking (CT) in the Saudi EFL (English as a foreign language) context. In the next section, the concept of CT will be clarified. In the following two sections, possible challenges or barriers to CT, whether religious or pedagogical, in the Saudi context are analyzed and refuted. After discussing the religious and the educational background of this issue, practices for promoting CT inside EFL classrooms are described. Finally, the benefits of incorporating CT strategies into language learning are outlined.
The causal effect of class size on scholastic achievement: distinguishing the pure class size effect from the effect of changes in class composition*

As in many other countries the causal effect of class size on pupils’ schoolperformance is an important issue in the ongoing educational debate in theNetherlands. In 1997 the Dutch government committed to undertake a majorinvestment to reduce average class size in primary schools. Although opinionleaders and politicians were easily persuaded that this is a good investment,this measure is not backed by convincing empirical evidence pertaining to theDutch situation. In the process of policy preparation one study was publishedsupporting the reduction of class size, but as we will show in this paper theresults of this study should be questioned.Traditionally, the studyof theeffect of classsizeon schoolperformancehasbeen dominated by educational researchers. Only recently economists enteredthisﬁeld. AnotableearlyexceptionistheinﬂuentialsurveyarticlebyHanushek(1986)who,afterreviewingalargenumberofstudies,concludesthatthereisnopositive effect of schooling expenditures on pupils’school performance.The key methodological problem to assess the causal effect of class size onpupils’school performance, is that assignment of pupils to classes of differentsizes need not be random. Consequently, differences in performance between
Impact of participants' values on construction sustainability

This paper examines the processes through which the values relating to construction projects, with particular reference to sustainability, are determined and operationalised. Those values are fundamental in governing the performance of both the project, as a product in occupation and use, and project management, as processes of realisation of the project involving design and construction. The values determine what performance variables are considered and their relative importance which, within the applicable parameters, controls and constraints, yield the performance targets for the project—against which realised performance will be evaluated. Those values are derived from the value structures of the project participants and so must be elicited and collated under the influence of the evolving membership and power structure of the project temporary multi-organisation (TMO). The TMO, as a shifting, multi-goal, power-based coalition, promotes fluctuations in the values employed to drive the project as it dev.
The Microbiological Quality of Fruit Containing Soft Drinks from Chennai

The soft drinks sector is one of the fastest growing, most innovative and rapidly changing areas of the food and drink industry. From high energy to no / low sugar, functional to long life, carbonated or still, soft drinks and their assosiative preservative and packaging systems have their own microbiological issues.many have adapted to growing in the unusual environment within a beverage factory and can be extremely difficult to remove once established. Many micro organisms are found in soft drinks as environmental or raw material contaminants, but relatively few can grow within the acidic or low oxygen environment. Yeasts are the most significant group of micro organisms associated wih the spoilage of soft drinks and fruit juices. Spoilage will be seen as the growth and production of metabolic by products, e.g co2, acid and tainting compounds. Most spoilage is therefore by yeasts and mold species, with yeasts most important and some spoilage is by tolerant bacteria. Bacteria that has been associated with spoilage in the soft drinks industry include Acetobacter, Alicyclobacillus, Bacillus, Clostridium, Gluconobacter, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Saccharobacter, Zymobacter and Zymomonas. Gluconobacter is a common agent of fruits. It is a strict arobe requiring free oxygen. E.coli and Enterococci have been isolated from citrus juices, apple juice and have been associated with Cryptosporiadiosis. Contamination by hepatitis A and Norwalk like viruses have been reported in the fruit juices. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the microorganism from the soft drinks.