Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of oral tranexamic acid for reducing blood loss after total joint arthroplasty : a meta-analysis

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to illustrate the efficacy and safety of oral tranexamic acid (TXA) for reducing blood lossafter total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science and Google database were searched for comparative studies comparing oral TXA versus control group or intravenous TXA for patients prepared for TJA. The outcomes including need for transfusion, hemoglobin drop, length of hospital stay and drain volume. We calculated risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for need for transfusion, and the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% CI for hemoglobin drop, length of hospital stay and drain volume. A random-effects model was used for all comparisons and Stata 12.0 was used for meta-analysis. Results: Six clinical trials (4 RCTs and 2 non-RCTs) involving 3258 patients were finally included for this meta-analysis. When compared with control group, oral TXA was associated with less need for transfusion, hemoglobin drop, drain volume and length of hospital stay (P<0.05). When compared with IV TXA, oral TXA was associated with more hemoglobin drop (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the need for transfusion, drain volume and the length of hospital stay between oral TXA with IV TXA. Conclusion: Oral TXA has comparable hemostasis effects with IV TXA, and may reduce the costs for patients prepared for TJA. However, the limited quality and number of the included studies, more high quality and multi center RCTs are still need to recommend for routine administration.
Informational Asymmetries in Laboratory Asset Markets with State-Dependent Fundamentals

We investigate the formation of market prices in a new experimental setting involving multi-period asset markets with state-dependent fundamentals. We are particularly interested in two informational aspects: (1) the role of traders who are informed about the true state and (2) the provision of Bayesian updates of the assets state-dependent fundamental value (BFVs) to all traders. We find that bubbles are a rare phenomenon in all our treatments. Markets with asymmetrically informed traders converge faster toward the fundamentals of the underlying state and exhibit smaller price deviations from fundamentals, suggesting higher efficiency of markets with asymmetrically informed traders. The provision of BFVs has little to no effect. Behavior of informed and uninformed traders differs at the beginning but converges during the course of the markets. On average offers of uninformed traders are lower (higher) than offers of informed traders in the good ( bad ) state resulting in that uninformed traders hold less (more) assets in good ( bad ) state markets compared to informed traders. Informed traders earn superior profits.
EEG-Based Classification and Advanced Warning of Epileptic Seizures

Epilepsy is the second most common neurological disease after stroke. Epileptics may suffer hundreds of seizures per day, yet one is enough to put a person in constant fear of the next. The sudden and unexpected onset of seizures has debilitating and sometimes fatal consequences. The development of a real-time seizure prediction and alerting device would greatly improve epileptics’ quality of life. Major challenges for such a device include determining predictive features and discovering the maximum prediction window. Using the novel approach of random forest classification on EEG data, this research investigates the predictive features among the common EEG frequency bands for one patient with partial complex and partial with secondarily generalized seizures. The impact on classifier performance of labeling the transitional brain states is also investigated, using a time-series accuracy graph. Predictive features are found as far as 40 minutes in advance of two seizures, specifically in the beta frequencies of one brain node. The random forest classifier does not perform well, but shows promise for improved performance with minor adjustments in training. The time-series accuracy graphs prove a useful tool for visualization and insight into classifier performance that is lacking in other evaluation methods.
Turbine Engine Temperature Pattern Factor Control System Based on Fuel Modulation and Passive Optical Sensors

We present preliminary results for a new passive optical sensor that is the basis for a temperature pattern factor control system. The sensor uses the natural combustion radiance in several spectral bands to deduce the local pre-combustion equivalence ratio, which is correlated with local combustor exit temperature. The sensor was applied in an arc-sector combustor and in a closed-loop control system in a four-way laboratory burner.
Moving kinks and nanopterons in the nonlinear Klein – Gordon lattice

We study moving topological solitons (kinks and antikinks) in the nonlinear Klein–Gordon chain. These solitons are shown to exist with both monotonic (non-oscillating) and oscillating asymptotics (tails). Using the pseudo-spectral method, the (anti)kink solutions with oscillating background (so-called nanopterons) are found as travelling waves of permanent profile propagating with constant velocity. Each of these solutions may be considered as a bound state of an (anti)kink with a background nonlinear periodic wave, so that the wave “pushes” the (anti)kink over the Peierls–Nabarro barrier. The stability of these bound states is confirmed numerically. Travelling-wave solutions of permanent profile are shown to exist depending on the convexity of the on-site (substrate) potential. The set of velocities at which the (anti)kinks with monotonic asymptotics propagate freely is calculated. We also find moving non-oscillating (anti)kink profiles with higher topological charges, each of which appears to be the bound state of (anti)kinks with lower topological charge (|Q| = 1). ©2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS:03.40. Kf; 63.20. Ry
Present‐day uplift patterns over Greenland from a coupled ice‐sheet/visco‐elastic bedrock model

We present results from a fully coupled ice/ bedrock model calculation of the Greenland ice sheet and the underlying Earth during the last two glacial cycles. The method treats the mutual interaction between the ice and the bedrock and yields the main glacial‐isostatic characteristics of the ice‐sheet evolution and the bedrock adjustment since the Last Glacial Maximum. By taking advantage of the splitting of the present‐day rate of bed uplift into a viscous and an elastic component, these results allow one to distinguish between the bedrock response to the past and present ice sheet evolution, respectively.
Post‐Soviet cropland abandonment and carbon sequestration in European Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus

Widespread cropland abandonment occurred after the collapse of socialism across the former Soviet Union, but the rates and spatial patterns of abandoned lands are not well known. As a result, the potential of this region to contribute to global food production and estimates of the carbon sink developing on currently idle lands are highly uncertain. We developed a spatial allocation model that distributes yearly and subnational sown area statistics to the most agriculturally suitable plots. This approach resulted in new, high‐resolution (1 km2) annual time series of cropland and abandoned lands in European Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus from 1990 to 2009. A quantitative validation of the cropland map confirms the reliability of this data set, especially for the most important agricultural areas of the study region. Overall, we found a total of 87 Mha of cropland and 31 Mha of abandoned cropland in European Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus combined, suggesting that abandonment has been severely underestimated in the past. The abandonment rates were highest in European Russia. Feeding our new map data set into the dynamic vegetation model LPJmL revealed that cropland abandonment resulted in a net carbon sink of 470 TgC for 1990 to 2009. Carbon sequestration was generally slow in the early years after abandonment, but carbon uptake increased significantly after approximately 10 years. Recultivation of older abandoned lands would be associated with high carbon emissions and lead to substantial amounts of carbon not being sequestered in vegetation formations currently developing on idle croplands. Our spatially and temporally explicit cropland abandonment data improve the estimation of trade‐offs involved in reclaiming abandoned croplands and thus in increasing agricultural production in this globally important agricultural region.
Trichoderma reesei cellulase complex in hydrolysis of agricultural waste of grapefruit peel and orange peel

Previous attempts have already been performed for the production of sugars and, later, bioproducts from orange peel using different Trichoderma reesei commercial cocktails in combination with other kinds of enzymes. In this study, the feasibility of simple pretreatments combined with enzymatic treatments was compared between grapefruit inner peel (GFIP), orange inner peel (OIP), grapefruit whole peel (GFWP), and orange whole peel (OWP). The four biomaterials were characterized with respect to the contents of cellulose and hemi-cellulose, elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. The 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid assay demonstrated that GFIP and OIP produced 31.7% and 34.9% more reducing sugar than GFWP and OWP, respectively. Further investigation of the bioprocess showed the optimal conditions include the following: (i) a solid to liquid ratio of 4%, (ii) enzymatic activity of 0.075 U/mL, and (iii) reaction at 55 °C and a pH of 5.0. Moreover, the major products after cellulolytic hydrolysis were fructose, glucose, and cellobiose. This study provides an alternative and effective approach to extend the utilization of agricultural waste in the fields of food and energy.
EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTAL YEAST ( SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE ) CULTURE ON RUMEN DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH IN CALVES

Effects of supplemental yeast (SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE) culture on rumen development and growth in calves. Yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was added to a calf starter at 0 (control), or 2% of dry matter to determine effects on intake, growth, and rumen development. Twenty Estonian Holstein calves (12 male and 8 female) were involved in the experiment at 5 days of age. Texturized calf starter and hay were offered ad libidum, and intake was measured daily. A subset of male calves was euthanized at 35 d of age and the other at 65 days of age for rumen epithelial growth measurements. Average final body weight of the control group was 90.59 kg, and that of the 2YC group 90.60 kg, the average daily gain of the control group during the first month was 384 g and that of 2YC group 348 g; during the second month it was 994 g and 1033 g, respectively. In the first month the dry matter intake of the control group was 1.25 kg/d and that of 2YC 1.22 kg/d, respectively, and in the second month 2.29 kg/d and 2.33 kg/d, respectively. It was not significantly affected by yeast supplementation in the starter ration. Supplemental live yeast culture in the calf starter did not increase dry matter intake of the calves in the two first months of life. In the second month of life, yeast supplementation slightly increased the daily gain of 2YC group and improved the usage of metabolizable protein, as compared to the control group. The results indicate that calves receiving supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) culture exhibited a slight improvement in rumen development parameters.
Supervised Rhyme Detection with Siamese Recurrent Networks

We present the first supervised approach to rhyme detection with Siamese Recurrent Networks (SRN) that offer near perfect performance (97% accuracy) with a single model on rhyme pairs for German, English and French, allowing future large scale analyses. SRNs learn a similarity metric on variable length character sequences that can be used as judgement on the distance of imperfect rhyme pairs and for binary classification. For training, we construct a diachronically balanced rhyme goldstandard of New High German (NHG) poetry. For further testing, we sample a second collection of NHG poetry and set of contemporary Hip-Hop lyrics, annotated for rhyme and assonance. We train several high-performing SRN models and evaluate them qualitatively on selected sonnetts.
Acid-free sol-gel fabrication of glass thin films embedded with II-VI colloidal quantum dots

Abstract. II-VI colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are ideal for optical sensors thanks to their high fluorescent brightness and good size uniformity. However, embedding colloidal QDs into a glass matrix with the standard sol-gel process leads to the QDs being damaged by the acid catalyst. Here, we report an acid-free sol-gel technique, which proves to be both simple and effective in fabricating silica glass thin films embedded with commercial II-VI colloidal QDs. Octadecylamine ligands are used as a bifunctional aid to not only stabilize the QDs in solution, but also assist the formation of the SiO2 gel. We demonstrate that high-quality QD-embedded glass thin films can be developed with this technique, and our fluorescent tests indicate that, except for a small blueshift in the emission spectrum, the QDs are very well preserved through the sol-gel process. This method offers a fast and low-cost path towards thin-film QD sensors with good mechanical and thermal stabilities, which are desirable for applications involving highly focused laser beams, such as ultrafast nanophotonics.
Dual-Band Open-Ended Waveguide Feeder Antennas With Collinear Feed Design

This communication presents two classes of dual-band open-ended circular waveguide antennas with a compact collinear end-launcher-type feed design. The proposed antennas consist of an open-ended circular waveguide, radial cavities, and resonators. The collinear feed is connected to the body of the circular waveguide, providing a high power-handling capability. The proposed structures can generate a mixed mode close to TE11 on the aperture of the open-ended waveguide in both bands. As a result, stable broadside gains over each band of interest are achieved for both antennas. The proposed antennas are good candidates to be used as feeder elements in several high-gain antennas such as bull’s eye antennas, surface-wave antennas, and metasurface antennas.
Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants used for treatment of dysentery and diarrhoea by the Paraja Tribe of Koraput, Odisha, India

The present investigation elucidates the ethnomedicinal importance of nine different medicinal plants such as Holarrhena antidysenterica. (Roth), Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng, Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze, Flemingia strobilifera (L.) W.T. Aiton, Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Helicteres isora (L.), Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen. , Plumbago zeylanica (L.), Bombax ceiba (L.) used for treatment of diarrhea and dysentery by the Paraja tribe of Koraput district of Odisha, India. A high degree of informant consensus for each species was observed. The aqueous extract of different plant samples were used for the phytochemical analysis to find out the phytochemical constituents in the plants. Phytochemical analysis of these plants revealed that some plants are promising sources of several chemical constituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols and antioxidants with free radical scavenging activity in varying proportions and possess anti-diarrhoeal activity. The study suggests that further work should be carried out to elucidate the possible mechanism of action of these extracts against diarrhea and dysentery.
Evolutionary Computation for Static Traffic Light Cycle Optimisation

Cities have become congested with traffic and changes to road network infrastructure are usually not possible. Thus, researchers and practitioners are investigating the practice of traffic light signal optimisation methodologies upon already established road networks to improve the flow of vehicles through the cities. The flow of traffic can be described by multiple factors such as mean journey time, mean waiting time, average vehicle velocity, and time loss. Static timing means that each traffic phase is active for a pre-fixed duration during the cycle. We aim to optimise traffic signal timing plans to minimise the mean journey time, which is increased by improper signalling, for vehicles during their journey across the junctions. In this research, we propose and empirically analyse several automatic intelligent decision support systems including genetic algorithms and selection hyper-heuristic methods for the optimisation of traffic light signalling problem. The empirical results indicate the success of the proposed algorithm techniques.
Implementing stabilized co-simulation of strongly coupled systems using the Functional Mock-up Interface 2.0

This paper addresses the main issue encountered with the co-simulation of coupled systems that exchange energy, i.e. the trade-off between computational performances and numerical stability. This property is first explained in details with the help of a simple generic test system for which a large oversampling with respect to the Nyquist frequency is required in order to keep a good level of accuracy. The linearly implicit stabilization method from [4] is then implemented and tested thanks to the directional directives computation capability of the FMI for Co-simulation 2.0 standard. Some minor extensions to the standard are proposed to efficiently implement the method. When applied to the test system, it is shown that large co-simulation steps can be taken, and hence significant
Camera Identification Algorithm Based on Sensor Pattern Noise Using Wavelet Transform, SVD / PCA and SVM Classifier

Identifying the source camera of an image is one of the most important issues of digital court and is useful in many applications, such as images that are presented in court as evidence. In many methods, the image noise characteristics, extraction of Sensor Pattern Noise and its correlation with non-uniformity of the light response (PNU) are used. In this paper we have presented a method based on photo response non uniformity (PRNU) that provides some features for classification by support vector machine (SVM). Because the noise model is affected by the complexity of the image, we used the wavelet transform to de-noise and reduce edge effects in PRNU noise pattern and also raise the detection accuracy. We also used the Precision processing theory to reduce the image size, then we simplified and summarized the data using the Single Value Decomposition (SVD) Or principal component analysis (PCA). The results show that using two-level wavelet transform and summarized data is more suitable using PCA.
Absolute plate motions in a reference frame defined by moving hot spots in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans

[1] We defined a new global moving hot spot reference frame (GMHRF), using a comprehensive set of radiometric dates from arguably the best-studied hot spot tracks, refined plate circuit reconstructions, a new plate polygon model, and an iterative approach for estimating hot spot motions from numerical models of whole mantle convection and advection of plume conduits in the mantle flow that ensures their consistency with surface plate motions. Our results show that with the appropriate choice of a chain of relative motion linking the Pacific plate to the plates of the Indo-Atlantic hemisphere, the observed geometries and ages of the Pacific and Indo-Atlantic hot spot tracks were accurately reproduced by a combination of absolute plate motion and hot spot drift back to the Late Cretaceous (∼80 Ma). Similarly good fits were observed for Indo-Atlantic tracks for earlier time (to ∼130 Ma). In contrast, attempts to define a fixed hot spot frame resulted in unacceptable misfits for the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene (80–50 Ma), highlighting the significance of relative motion between the Pacific and Indo-Atlantic hot spots during this period. A comparison of absolute reconstructions using the GMHRF and the most recent global paleomagnetic frame reveals substantial amounts of true polar wander at rates varying between ∼0.1°/Ma and 1°/Ma. Two intriguing, nearly equal and antipodal rotations of the Earth relative to its spin axis are suggested for the 90–60 Ma and 60–40 Ma intervals (∼9° at a 0.3–0.5°/Ma rate); these predictions have yet to be tested by geodynamic models.
Synthesis of Microwave filters: a novel approach based on computer algebra

This paper presents an algebraic setting of the synthesis problem concerning coupled-resonators filters. The latter yields a rigorous understanding of the relationship be-tween the coupling geometry and the corresponding set of re-alizable filtering characteristics as well as an algorithm, based on Groebner bases computations, which solves exhaustively the coupling matrix synthesis problem. Numerical results are pre-sented for a 10 th order filter.
Biomedical Applications of Gold Nanoparticles

Research interest on biocompatible gold nanoparticles has been highly increased in recent years for potential applications in nanomedicine due to their fascinating sizedependent chemical, electronic and optical properties. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with their biological inertness combined with various physical properties have accomplished an astonishing impact in the biomedical field within a short span. Some of its relevant applications like photothermal therapy, drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, biolabeling, biosensing, etc., are revolutionizing the field of biomedicine that attracts enormous research attention. In this chapter, we are mainly discussing the current applications of gold nanoparticles in biomedicine and the properties that enable them to be a prospective candidate in the same field.
Self-organizing blind MIMO deconvolution

We address the dynamical architecture design of linear filters for the blind adaptive restoration of several sources from convolutive mixtures. We previously presented a self-organizing architecture based on the dynamical stability properties of neural network lateral inhibition rules. In this paper, we show the benefits of the proposed architecture in the case of more than two sources in terms of convergence rate and asymptotic properties.