Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Micro Force Sensor and its Signal Acquisition System Based on Android and Arduino

Force sensor becomes more and more miniature in order to achieve precise measurement in small place. A magnetostrictive micro sensor was proposed in the paper; meanwhile, the signal acquisition system was designed by Android platform and Arduino MCU to meet the popular mobile terminal. The structure of sensor and the hardware and software of system were designed to realize the functions of force signal acquisition, processing and analysis, and upload the data to mobile terminal in real time. It can be seen from the experimental tests: Firstly, the volume of sensor was less than 2 cm3 and had good linearity, while the sensitivity was 0.1537 mV/N and the repeatability error was 1.07%. Secondly, the system could effectively enlarge the output value of sensor more than 100 times and the nonlinear error was less than 1.5%, while the linearity and sensitivity can be kept well. This sensor with acquisition system had the advantages of easy realization, low cost, strong expansibility and simple operation, and it can be widely used in industrial control, mechanical automation, intelligent robot, and so on. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The Birth of the Stars: A Participatory and Appreciative Action and Reflection Investigation into the Leadership and Development of a New Superleague Netball Club

This Participatory and Appreciative Action and Reflection (PAAR) investigation illustrates a leader’s first steps in a “values-to-action” journey. Drawing on the interface between transformational leadership and organizational culture, this study focused on the birth of the Severn Stars—a professional netball club in the United Kingdom. In particular, this PAAR investigation explored how the leader’s values were operationalized through the club’s inaugural year. Fourteen operational managers, coaches, and players were individually interviewed in order to gain an appreciative gaze and subsequently reframe their lived experience. Results demonstrated how transformational leadership was manifested through the pragmatic deployment of club values and how the organizational culture was, in part, characterized by individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, idealized influence, and inspirational motivation. These behaviors and the organizational culture were shown to enhance prosocial relationships and social connections across the club, the influence of the Super Stars, and stakeholders’ perceptions of autonomy.
Codifying a crisis: Progressing from information sharing to distributed decision‐making

A recurring challenge in crisis management is how to develop an adequate information position (Boin, 't Hart, Stern, & Sundelius, 2005). Gathering and sharing up-to-date information about the crisis is needed to develop and maintain shared awareness of the situation (Klein, Wiggins, & Dominguez, 2010). It also ensures that those involved stay informed about how the response organization is progressing (Deverell, Alvinius, & Hede, 2019; Treurniet, van Buul-Besseling, & Wolbers, 2012), and enables them to develop options regarding how to intervene (Pfaff et al., 2013). Developing an adequate and shared information position requires a collaborative effort by multiple response organizations. Response organizations need to address operational, tactical and strategic issues simultaneously in a rapidly changing environment (Owen, Brooks, Bearman, & Curnin, 2016), which often leads to ambiguity and discontinuity (Wolbers, Boersma, & Groenewegen, 2018). In the language of crisis managers, this means using a common operational picture to tackle the perceived ambiguity and enable a shared overview of the crisis and the progress of the response operation to be developed (Comfort, Dunn, Johnson, Skertich, & Zagorecki, 2004; Copeland, 2008; Endsley, 1995). DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.12323
Effect of nest microclimate temperatures on metabolic rates of small carpenter bees, Ceratina calcarata (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Abstract Small carpenter bees (Ceratina calcarata Robertson) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) build their nests in both sunny and shady sites, so maternal decisions about nest sites influence the thermal environment experienced by juveniles throughout development. A previous study demonstrated that when larvae and pupae were raised in the laboratory at room temperature, those from sunny nests developed more slowly than those from shady nests. This suggested that bees developing in sunny nests slowed their metabolism or that bees developing in shady nests increased their metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we performed a field experiment in which bees nested in full sun, full shade, or semi-shade. We brought larvae and pupae into the laboratory to be raised to adulthood at room temperature and measured their metabolic rates (VCO2) at 10 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C. As expected, bees had higher VCO2 at higher test temperatures, but significant interaction also occurred between test temperature and field treatment, such that bees from sunny nests exhibited higher metabolic rates at 40 °C. Because small carpenter bees frequently nest in full sun, adaptation to high nest temperatures may involve activation of thermal protection mechanisms at the cost of slower development.
Disparities in Cognitive Impairment With Anticholinergic Drug Use

Objectives We aim to evaluate the association between anticholinergic drug (ACH) use and cognitive impairment and the effect of disparity parameters (sex, race, income, education, and rural or urban areas) on this relationship. Methods The analyses included 13,623 adults aged ≥65 years from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study (recruited 2003–2007). The ACH use was defined by the 2015 Beers Criteria, and cognitive impairment was measured by the Six-Item Cognitive Screener. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed disparities in cognitive impairment with ACH use, iteratively adjusting for disparity parameters and other covariates. The full models included interaction terms between ACH use and other covariates. A similar approach was used for class-specific ACH exposure and cognitive impairment analyses. Results Approximately 14% of the participants used at least 1 ACH listed in the Beers Criteria. Antidepressants were the most frequently prescribed ACH class. A significant sex-race interaction illustrated that females compared with males (in Blacks: odds ratio [OR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–1.49 and in Whites: OR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.74–2.20), especially White females (Black vs White: OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.64–0.80), were more likely to receive ACHs. Higher odds of cognitive impairment were observed among ACH users compared with the nonusers (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.01–1.58). In our class-level analyses, only antidepressant users (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.14–2.25) showed a significant association with cognitive impairment in the fully adjusted model. Conclusions We observed demographic and socioeconomic differences in ACH use and in cognitive impairment, individually.
Antibiotic resistance pattern of enterococcal isolates from patients with urinary tract infection

Background: Enterococci are the most common cause of healthcare associated urinary tract infections. The frequency of isolation of Enterococci from urinary tract of hospitalized patients has risen. Enterococcus is considered as an important nosocomial pathogen because of its intrinsic as well as acquired resistance to antibiotics. The purpose of this study is to determine the emergence of Enterococci as uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, A.C. S Medical College and Hospital. A total of 175 Enterococcus spp were isolated from patients with urinary tract infection. Identification and speciation of the Enterococcal isolates were done using conventional method. The antibiotic susceptibility testing of the Enterococcal isolates was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: A total of 175 urine specimens yielding the growth of Enterococci were studied. Enterococcus faecalis (77.7%) was the predominant species isolated followed by E. faecium (20%) and E. durans (2.3%). The sensitivity pattern of the isolates showed an increased resistance to antibiotics like erythromycin (66.3%), ciprofloxacin (56%) and penicillin (49.7%). The HLAR (High Level Aminoglycoside Resistance) to gentamycin was observed in 37.2%, however the susceptibility rate of nitrofurantoin was 86.9%, amoxicillin - clavulanic acid was 81.1% and ampicillin (21.7%). Among the isolated Enterococci, 5.7% were vancomycin resistant. All the Enterococci were found to be sensitive to linezolid. Conclusion: Enterococci have emerged from being harmless commensals to versatile lethal pathogens. In our study, E.faecalis was the most frequently isolated species followed E.faecium . Linezolid, vancomycin, nitrofurantoin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were found to be the most effective antimicrobials against Enterococci isolated from patients with UTI. However vancomycin or linezolid therapy should be restricted for use in patients infected with MDR strains only. Although the frequency of isolation of VRE is not very high in our setting, this may be the beginning. Tracking of antimicrobial susceptibility due to increasing resistance rate is very important in treatment of Enterococcal infections.
Optimization Algorithm and Joint Simulation to Micro Thermal Deformation Using Temperature Measurement in the Orifice of Hydraulic Valve

When exposed to viscous heating, hydraulic valve orifices experience thermal deformation, which causes spool clamping and actuator disorder. Quantitative research on thermal deformation can help reveal the micro-mechanism of spool clamping. In this study, miniature thermocouples are embedded into a valve orifice with an opening size of 1 mm to measure temperature distribution. An optimization algorithm based on measurement data (M-OA) for the thermal deformation of the valve orifice is proposed. The temperature and thermal deformation of the valve orifice are calculated through Fluent and Workbench joint simulation, with the measurement data serving as boundary conditions. Results show that, for a valve orifice with a valve wall length of 18 mm, when the temperature of the sharp edge is at 60 °C, thermal deformation measures 7.7 μm via observation and 7.62803 μm via M-OA, indicating that the M-OA method is reliable. The results of the joint simulation can be accepted because measurements of temperature reached an accuracy rate of 95%, and that of deformation reached 82.7%. A large drop in pressure led to a rapid increase in temperature, causing serious thermal deformation of the valve orifice. With an inlet pressure of 3 MPa, the temperature of the sharp edge reached 72.9 °C within 110 min, and radial thermal deformation can reach 8.3 μm. Such deformation poses great risk of spool clamping for a spool valve of Φ36 mm.
The Effects of Slow Stroke Back Massage and Lavender Aromatherapy on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

Background: Elderly is an age group which is extremely susceptible to suffer from health problems such as hypertension. Hypertension among the elderly is instigated by structural and functional changes in blood vessels. The changes include atherosclerosis, loss of connective tissue elasticity, and decreased vascular muscle relaxation that it reduces the distension and tensile strength of blood vessels. One of the therapies that may be implemented to elderly with hypertension is slow stroke back massage (SSBM) and lavender aromatherapy. The study aims to discover the effects of slow back massage (SSBM) and lavender aromatherapy toward the reduced blood pressure among hypertensive elderly. Subjects and Method: It was a quasi-experiment study with no control group which had been conducted in Posyandu (Integrated Health Post) Kamboja, Plesungan, Gondangerjo, Karanganyar, Central Java, in July 2019. A sample of 40 elderlies was selected by using total sampling. The dependent variables were systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The independent variables were slow stroke back mass-age (SSBM) and lavender aromatherapy. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. The data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon. Results: The average systolic blood pressure post slow stroke back massage therapy and la-vender aroma therapy was (Mean=133.63; SD= 7.34) compared with prior therapy was (Mean= 167.80; SD= 6.12) with the value of p<0.001. The average diastolic blood pressure post slow stroke back massage therapy and lavender aroma therapy was (Mean= 68.28; SD= 4.25) compared with the prior therapy was (Mean= 68.88; SD= 5.72) with the value of p<0.001. Conclusion: Slow stroke back massage (SS-BM) lavender aromatherapy may lower down blood pressure of hypertensive elderly. Keywords: Hypertension, slow stroke back massage, Lavender aromatherapy, elderly Correspondence: Fakhrudin Nasrul Sani. School of Health Sciences Kusuma Husada, Surakarta. Email: fakhrudin_ns@ymail.com. Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(03): 178-184 https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020. 05.03. 01
Evaluation of mushroom waste compost on broiler body composition, nutrient absorption and adipose metabolism

Abstract Mushroom waste compost is the main byproduct when cultivating mushrooms. Containing many mycelia, it has a positive effect on animal health but its high fibre content may be detrimental to growth. In order to reduce the environmental problems caused by mushroom waste compost and possibly increase the use of agriculture byproducts, this study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing broiler feed with Pennisetum purpureum schum compost (PWMC) and its effect on meat quality and fat metabolism. Totally 240 broilers were used and allocated to 4 different treatments, including control group, 5% PWMC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented PWMC (FPW) and Pennisetum purpureum schum (PP). Each treatment had 3 replicates and 20 broilers in a pen. The results show that replacing 5% broiler feed with PWMC, FPW and PP decreased the depth of subcutaneous fat in broilers from 3.6 to 2.6, 2.7 and 2.8 mm, respectively (p = .0132). Furthermore, adipolysis mRNA expression increased in all treatment groups, slightly increasing breast and thigh meat accumulation. Overall, mushroom waste compost at 5% in broiler diets could improve the body composition of broilers and adipolysis-related mRNA expression. Highlights High-fibre agricultural by-products can replace part of the broiler diet without affecting its growth performance. High-fibre agricultural by-products can decrease broiler subcutaneous fat accumulation. High-fibre agricultural by-products can enhance fat metabolism-related mRNA expression.
Study of ochratoxin A (OTA)-induced oxidative stress markers in broiler chicks

Abstract The current study was designed to investigate the effects of ochratoxin A (OTA) on the oxidative stress in day-old broiler chicks. A total of 60-day-old broiler chicks were divided into four equal groups A–D. Group A was control, groups B–D were administered with different levels of OTA (1.6, 3.2 and 6.4 mg/kg of feed), respectively, for 10 days from day one of their age. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant status of blood plasma, RBCs hemolysate and supernatant of tissue homogenates (liver, kidney and muscles) were estimated in all groups on days 11 and 31 in order to determine the oxidative stress in chicks. The results revealed a significant dose-dependent decrease in the SOD, GPx and TAS levels in all OTA-fed groups. It was found persistent even after 21 days of withdrawal of toxin-contaminated feed in all tissues except RBCs hemolysate. Present study described the OTA-induced oxidative stress as indicated by the low levels of SOD, GPx and TAS in different biological samples of broiler chicks.
Multi-Criteria Assessment of Injector Placement and the Thermodynamic Effects of Fuel Injection and Combustion in an Engine Equipped with Direct Gasoline Injection System

The paper concerns the analysis of the combustion and exhaust emission phenomena in an SI (spark ignition) engine equipped with direct gasoline injection system for various injector placement parameters in the combustion chamber. Achieving a good combustion process is shaped by the direct fuel injection process, of which parameters vary. This article focuses on the aspect of injector spatial and angular position in order to perform injection and achieve fuel combustion. The injector's pseudo-optimal location has been presented along with several changed positions (27 configurations). The research was conducted as a simulation experiment using AVL FIRE software. The best injector position was selected based on the fuel atomization, injection and combustion process indicators. The pseudo-optimal location, was characterized by: 1) the largest inset in the combustion chamber: y = 7 mm, 2) the shortest distance from the spark plug: z = 9 mm, 3) the highest angle in relation to the axis of the cylinder: alpha = 20 deg. The analysis of this impact results in the following conclusions: 1) the longitudinal change of the injector position is the most important value affecting changes in the fuel atomization and combustion indicators, 2) this change is about 3 times more significant than the change in the position of the injector's distance from the axis of the spark plug and about 8 times more significant than the angle of the injector's position.
Sample handling, preparation and mounting for XPS and other surface analytical techniques

Sample preparation and mounting are important aspects of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. New users do not know many techniques that are familiar to analysts with years of experience, and these observations and “tricks of the trade” are typically not published. This article is intended to convey the experience of the authors in this field who have creatively analyzed a wide range of samples. Samples can include solids, powders, fibers, porous solids, and even liquids. This information is also important to anyone submitting samples for analysis, since the preparation of the sample may influence the usefulness of the data collected. These techniques are also applicable to other surface analysis methods.
Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Changes in the Direct Influence Zone of the Braço Norte Hydropower Complex, Brazilian Amazonia

Over the decades, hydropower complexes have been built in several hydrographic basins of Brazil including the Amazon region. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of these constructions on the environment and local communities. This work presents a land use and land cover change temporal analysis considering a 33-year period (1985–2018) in the direct influence zone of the Braço Norte Hydropower Complex, Brazilian Amazonia, using the Collection 4.1 level 3 of the freely available MapBiomas dataset. Additionally, we have assessed the Brazilian Amazon large-scale deforestation process acting as a land use and land cover change driver in the study area. Our findings show that the most impacted land cover was forest formation (from 414 km2 to 287 km2, a reduction of 69%), which primarily shifted into pasturelands (increase of 664%, from 40 km2 to 299 km2). The construction of the hydropower complex also triggered indirect impacts such as the presence of urban areas in 2018 and the consequent increased local demand for crops. Together with the ongoing large-scale Amazonian deforestation process, the construction of the complex has intensified changes in the study area as 56.42% of the pixels were changed between 1985 and 2018. This indicates the importance of accurate economic and environmental impact studies for assessing social and environmental consequences of future construction in this unique region. Our results reveal the need for adopting special policies to minimize the impact of these constructions, for example, the creation of Protected Areas and the definition of locally-adjusted parameters for the ecological-economic zoning considering environmental and social circumstances derived from the local actors that depend on the natural environment to subsist such as indigenous peoples, riverine population, and artisanal fishermen.
The Roles of Mg over the Precipitation of Carbonate and Morphological Formation in the Presence of Arthrobacter sp. Strain MF-2

ABSTRACT Microbial mineralization of carbonate is a research subject widely studied in the past decades. The magnesium ions (Mg2+), present in water systems, are a key determinant in biomineralization process of carbonate and they are widely found in calcium-based biominerals as an accessory component. However, the crystallization mechanism and morphological change of carbonate polymorphs in the presence of Mg2+ ions has not been clarified sufficiently. In this report, a series of culture experiments were performed for 50 days using the Arthrobacter sp. strain MF-2 in a M2 culture medium using Mg/Ca molar ratios (R) of 0, 1.5, 3, 6, 9, and 12 in solution. And the roles of Mg2+ ions on the crystal growth and morphological change of biogenic carbonate were investigated. Experimental results show: (1) MF-2 could induce aragonite, high-Mg calcite, and Ca-dolomite formation in M2 culture media with different R values. The increased stability of amorphous calcium carbonate suggests Mg2+ ions inhibit carbonate crystallization. (2) The mineral morphologies were varied (rod-shaped, dumbbell-shaped, cauliflower-like, spherical, etc.) in the medium with R = 1.5, but they became simple (spherical and lamellar) in high Mg2+ concentrations (Mg > 0.15 M, R > 3). (3) The increased ionic strength of Mg2+ ions in the environment has an influence on the polymorphs and morphologies of carbonate formed by controlling the metabolism of strain MF-2 and the activity of carbonic anhydrase.
Intensification of Near‐Surface Currents and Shear in the Eastern Arctic Ocean

A 15‐year (2004–2018) record of mooring observations from the upper 50 m of the ocean in the eastern Eurasian Basin reveals increased current speeds and vertical shear, associated with an increasing coupling between wind, ice, and the upper ocean over 2004–2018, particularly in summer. Substantial increases in current speeds and shears in the upper 50 m are dominated by a two times amplification of currents in the semidiurnal band, which includes tides and wind‐forced near‐inertial oscillations. For the first time the strengthened upper ocean currents and shear are observed to coincide with weakening stratification. This coupling links the Atlantic Water heat to the sea ice, a consequence of which would be reducing regional sea ice volume. These results point to a new positive feedback mechanism in which reduced sea ice extent facilitates more energetic inertial oscillations and associated upper‐ocean shear, thus leading to enhanced ventilation of the Atlantic Water.