Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University

In social media, the magnitude of information propagation hinges on the virality and susceptibility of users spreading and receiving the information respectively, as well as the virality of information items. These users’ and items’ behavioral factors evolve dynamically at the same time inter-acting with one another. Previous works however measure the factors statically and independently in a restricted case: each user has only a single adoption on each item, and/or users’ exposure to items are observable. In this work, we investigate the inter-relationship among the factors and users’ multiple adoptions on items to propose both new static and temporal models for measuring the factors without requiring user - item exposure. These models are designed to cope with even more realistic propagation scenarios where an item may be propagated many times from the same user(s) to the same other user(s). We further propose an incremental model for measuring the factors in large data streams. We evaluated the proposed models and existing models through extensive experiments on a large Twitter dataset covering information propagation in one month. The experiments show that our proposed models can eﬀectively mine the behavioral factors and outperform the existing ones in a propagation prediction task. The incremental model is shown more than 10 times faster than the temporal model, while still obtains very similar results.
Paying Attention to the Insider Threat

—The misuse of information systems by internal actors – the insider threat – is an ever-growing concern in organizations of all types. The timely detection of an insider threat is as important as it is difﬁcult. Analyzing user behaviors recorded in electronic logs require signiﬁcant computing resources and the capability to ﬁnd and interpret complex patterns in temporal sequences that may contain irrelevant, temporary or novel elements. In this paper we use an attention-based architecture derived from BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) for the creation, storage and updating of an always-current, holistic user behavior model that enables real-time insider threat detection through anomaly detection and user behavior prediction techniques. A case study with a very large transaction system is provided.
community and of stable, soil carbon.

The susceptibility of soil organic carbon (SOC) in tundra community profiles were better predictors of model parameters in deeper soils, which had higher mineral contents and relatively greater quantities of old SOC than in surface soils. Overall, our analyses revealed the functional potential of microbial communities to decompose tundra SOC through a suite of specialized genes and taxa. These results portray divergent strategies by which microbial communities access SOC pools across varying depths, lending mechanistic insights into the vulnerability of what is considered stable SOC in tundra regions.
Identiﬁcation of Escherichia coli dnaE ( polC ) Mutants with Altered Sensitivity to 2 9 ,3 9 -Dideoxyadenosine

Bacteria with reduced DNA polymerase I activity have increased sensitivity to killing by chain-terminating nucleotides (S. A. Rashbaum and N. R. Cozzarelli, Nature 264:679–680, 1976). We have used this observation as the basis of a genetic strategy to identify mutations in the dnaE ( polC ) gene of Escherichia coli that alter sensitivity to 2 * ,3 * -dideoxyadenosine (ddA). Two dnaE ( polC ) mutant strains with increased sensitivity to ddA and one strain with increased resistance were isolated and characterized. The mutant phenotypes are due to single amino acid substitutions in the a subunit, the protein product of the dnaE ( polC ) gene. Increased sensitivity to ddA is produced by the L329F and H417Y substitutions, and increased resistance is produced by the G365S substitution. The L329F and H417Y substitutions also reduce the accuracy of DNA replication (the mutator phenotype), while the G365S substitution increases accuracy (the antimutator phenotype). All of the amino acid substitutions are in conserved regions near essential aspartate residues. These results prove the effectiveness of the genetic strategy in identifying informative dnaE ( polC ) mutations that can be used to elucidate the molecular basis of nucleotide interactions in the a subunit of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. strain transposons (Tet) and gene with hydrox- ylamine to give a phage survival to strain , or conjugation gene
Maximum likelihood estimation in a mixture regression model using the EM algorithm

To an extremely diﬃcult problem of ﬁnding the maximum likelihood estimates in a speciﬁc mixture regression model, a combination of several optimization techniques is found to be useful. These algorithms are the continuation method, Newton-Raphson method, and simplex method. The simplex method ﬁnds a globally approximate solution, then a combination of the continuation method and the Newton-Raphson method ﬁnds a more accurate solution. In this paper, this combination method is applied to ﬁnd the maximum likelihood estimates in a Weibull-power-law type regression model, as well as the well-known methods like the EM algorithm, is discussed in this paper.
An interpreter advantage in executive functions? A systematic review

The aim of this systematic literature review was to answer the question of which type of executive functions is most affected by interpreter training and experience. We used the ‘unity and diversity’ framework of executive functions to distinguish between three executive components: Response and Distractor Inhibition, Shifting, and Updating. We classified seventeen previous studies according to which of these three executive functions had been measured. We only found evidence for an interpreter advantage on Shifting and Updating, but with a different pattern for each of these. With regard to Updating, groups of interpreters scored better than control groups, but longitudinal studies did not show an improvement for interpreter trainees. In contrast, for Shifting, scores improved as a result of interpreting training and experience alike. Our systematic review stresses the importance of understanding the diversity of executive processes when investigating the interaction between interpreting and cognitive performance.
Performance of laser and radar ranging devices in adverse environmental conditions

A comparative evaluation of millimeter-wave radar and two-dimensional scanning lasers in dust and rain conditions for sensor applications in field robotics is presented. A robust and reliable method for measuring the level of suspended dust (or other obscurant media) by determining the transmission coefficient is developed and used for quantitative assessment of sensor performance. The criteria of target acquisition reliability, precision, and accuracy under varying environmental conditions are assessed via sensor operation in a controlled environment. This environment generated dust and rain of varying densities. Sensor performance is also assessed for the potential effect on digital terrain mapping and haul truck localization due to sensor-specific behaviors in these conditions (e.g., false targets, increased noise). Trials on a research electric face shovel are conducted to test observed behaviors. It is concluded that laser scanners are suitable for environments with transmissions exceeding 92p–93p-m for targets closer than 25 m. The radar remained relatively unaffected by the generated conditions of rain (50–70 mm-h) and dust (10-m visibility); however, its accuracy (0.1 m with a corner reflector and 0.3 m on a haul truck), free-space clutter, and scan rate were insufficient for locating unmodified haul trucks for this application. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Elliptic Algebra U_{q,p}(g^) and Quantum Z-algebras

A new definition of the elliptic algebra U_{q,p}(g^) associated with an untwisted affine Lie algebra g^ is given as a topological algebra over the ring of formal power series in p. We also introduce a quantum dynamical analogue of Lepowsky-Wilson's Z-algebras. The Z-algebra governs the irreducibility of the infinite dimensional U_{q,p}(g^)-modules. Some level-1 examples indicate a direct connection of the irreducible U_{q,p}(g^)-modules to those of the W-algebras associated with the coset g^ \oplus g^ \supset (g^)_{diag} with level (r-g-1,1) (g:the dual Coxeter number), which includes Fateev- Lukyanov's WB_l-algebra.
A Comparison between Feature Extraction Techniques for Face Recognition

— Generally speaking any face recognition system consists of mainly three stages: Face detection, Face representation and Face classification. In this paper we are focusing only on Face representation, which consist of feature extraction procedure. This paper reviews the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) algorithm which are popularly used for feature extraction in Face Recognition System. This paper demonstrates the comparison of PCA and LDA algorithm, and also it highlights a 3D Face Recognition algorithm as a improvement over other feature extraction algorithm.
Life policies: Do they really help?

An employee’s inability to balance work and non-work related responsibilities have resulted in an increase in stress related illnesses. Historically, research into the relationship between work and non-work has primarily focused on work/family conflict, predominately investigating the impact of this conflict on parents, usually mothers. To date research has not sufficiently examined the management practices that enable all “individuals” to achieve a “balance” between work and life. This paper explores the relationship between contemporary life friendly HR management policies and work/life balance for individuals. Self-report questionnaire data from 1241 men and women is analysed and discussed to enable organisations to consider the use of life friendly policies and thus create a convergence between the well-being of employees and the effectiveness of the organisation.
Effects of rhetorical strategies and skin tones on agent persuasiveness in assisted decision-making

Appearance and linguistic cues may influence how both people and Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) are perceived and evaluated by others; appearance (e.g., skin tone) has been linked to various implicit biases such as agreeing more with stereotypical attractive faces, while particular linguistic cues may effectively increase persuasiveness. In this paper, we report an online study (N=59) evaluating how strategic linguistic cues (expertise: high vs. low) may shape the implicit disadvantages associated with ethnic stereotypes (skin tone: dark vs. light). We found that a virtual agent with a high level of expertise was considered more persuasive, dominant, intelligent, and likeable regardless of their skin tone, and that participants complied more with IVAs with a darker skin tone. Our results suggest that the design of IVAs requires the deliberate considerations of factors such as appearance and linguistic behaviors in order to achieve intended outcomes.
PRESSURE DEPENDENCE OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND INTERFACIAL THERMAL RESISTANCE IN EPOXY SYSTEMS

Author: Valluripally, Dedeepya. MS Institution: Purdue University Degree Received: December 2018 Title: Pressure Dependence of Thermal Conductivity and Interfacial Thermal Resistance in Epoxy Systems Committee Chair: Xiulin Ruan Thermal management in electronic devices is one of the biggest challenges faced by the semiconductor industry. Thermal Interface Materials (TIMs) are used in electronics to fill air gaps between the surfaces of integrated circuit (IC) chips to dissipate heat. Polymer-graphene composites, a very promising choice as TIMs also have a drawback of high interfacial thermal resistance and a low thermal conductivity of polymer. It is known from the theoretical models that application of pressure may affect the thermal conductivity in a desirable manner, but quantitative simulations were not available. In this paper, the pressure dependence of thermal conductivity of epoxy and interfacial resistance at epoxy-graphene interface is studied using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations. The results show that the thermal conductivity of epoxy increases with increase in pressure, and they compare well with the predictions using a theoretical model. The interfacial thermal resistance at epoxy-graphene interface reduces with increase in pressure. The reduction is sharp in the beginning and slowly reaches saturation as pressure increases. At 10 GPa compressive pressure, a 90-95% decrease in interfacial thermal resistance is observed.
Fabric Parameter Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Woven Hemp Fabric Reinforced Composites as an Alternative to Wood Products

Hemp is a common natural fibre which has reliable properties and is available in the forms of staple fibres, yarns and fabrics. However, less works were done by using woven hemp fabric in composite materials, especially for an alternative to wood products. In this work, woven hemp fabrics in different fabric layering orientations have been used to reinforce vinyl ester resin by employing hand lay-up method. The properties of hemp fabric were used to investigate how these properties can affect the physical and mechanical behaviour of the fabricated composites. The results show that fabric properties and layering orientations contribute to the tensile, flexural and impact properties of the composites. Based on the comparison to wood and engineered wood products’ properties, the mechanical properties of composites are found to be comparable. The comparison also shows that the woven hemp fabric reinforced vinyl ester can be an alternative for wood and engineered wood products in building industries especially in low-load bearing applications. replace some wood and engineered wood products. This can be achieved by taking advantages of hemp fibre in the form of fabric [18] utilised woven hemp fabric in their study by comparing two different kinds of weave structure (plain and twill structures) fabric to reinforce Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) resin. They found that the composite made of twill fabric has a better result than plain weave fabric in terms of mechanical, thermal and viscoelastic properties. However, both studies did not discuss in details on the attributes of fabric parameters in their works such as fabric density, yarn size, yarn crimp in fabric and fabric strength that might affect to their composite properties. Both studies only considered the fibre volume fraction and how this fibre fraction affects the mechanical properties of the composite in their works. In detail, Christian and Billington [17] mentioned about the yarn crimp. Nevertheless, there are no specific figures on the fabric yarn crimp. This is similar with the study of Song et al. [18] study, their idea to investigate the viscoelastic and thermal behaviour of the hemp fibre composite was good but they did not explain more on the yarn crimp role.
Identifying Noise Variables in Singular Decisions using Counterfactual Reasoning

In their book, Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment , the authors Daniel Kanheman, Olivier Sibony and Cass R. Sunstein highlight the importance of minimizing bias, i.e. systematic deviation, and noise, i.e. variability, in judgments in order to reduce error. Bias has long been the subject of many discussions but noise is yet to gain the attention it deserves. In this paper, we discuss noise variables in decision-making, particularly in unique, non-recurrent or singular decisions . For this purpose we introduce and utilize the framework of the Weak Completion Semantics to discuss how noise variables may be identified using counterfactual reasoning.
Copy Number Variation at the APOL1 Locus The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters

Two coding variants in the APOL1 gene (G1 and G2) explain most of the high rate of kidney disease in African Americans. APOL1-associated kidney disease risk inheritance follows an autosomal recessive pattern: The relative risk of kidney disease associated with inheritance of two high-risk variants is 7 – 30 fold, depending on the specific kidney phenotype. We wished to determine if the variability in phenotype might in part reflect structural differ-ences in APOL1 gene. We analyzed sequence coverage from 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3 samples as well as exome sequencing data from African American kidney disease cases for copy number variation. 8 samples sequenced in the 1000 Genomes Project showed increased coverage over a ~100kb region that includes APOL2, APOL1 and part of MYH9, suggesting the presence of APOL1 copy number greater than 2. We reasoned that such duplications should be enriched in apparent G1 heterozygotes with kidney disease.
Identical Tones and the OCP in : An Optimality Account

— The Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP) potentially acts as a constraint on adjacent identical tones. This is why, in tone languages, underlying /HHL/ and /LLH/ may surface as [HL] and [LH] respectively. (Igboid: West-Benue Congo, Nigeria), a relatively unknown small dialect, exhibits such OCP-motivated adjustments on adjacent identical tone structures. Adopting the Optimality Theory, this study accounts for the tonal modifications in order to complement the earlier findings in the literature that advance our understanding of how the OCP shops for adjacent identical tones in representations but may fail to do so due to attested structural exceptions in its tonology. Therefore, the study examines tonal patterns such as, juncture tone deletion, consecutive high and low tones, tonal affix, downstep and final high tone displacement. The findings showed that the OCP can be dominated by some higher-ranked constraints in the tonal grammar, like is the case in some languages,. This study draws some theoretical implication. The tonal system provides further evidence that suggests the OCP is not universal; it is violable just like other constraints active in Universal Grammar.
Anchor Pair Selection in Unilateral TDoA Localization Topologies

— This paper addresses the pair selection problem of the unilateral time difference of arrival (TDoA) localization method. Two common concepts of pair selection are star form which uses a unique reference node for pairing all nodes and the chain form which links each node to its next available node. The problem of the star form is the possibility of occurring non-line of sight (NLOS) conditions between some anchors. The chain form has an issue with increasing variance of the noise as the number of anchors increases. A new hybrid form is proposed which avoids NLOS conditions and at the same time pertains the amount of noise at its minimum possible. Practical results confirm the superior performance of the proposed approach.
Monitoring of displacements and deformations of the earth’s surface near the Stebnyk city using radar images of Sentinel-1

: This article applies radar interferometry technologies implemented in the ENVI SARscape and SNAP software environment provided by the processing of data from the Sentinel-1 satellite. The study was carried out based on six radar images of Sentinel-1A and Sentinel -1B taken from September 2017 until February 2018 with an interval of one month and on the radar-module of the already mentioned SNAP software. The main input data for solving the considered problem are radar images received from the satellite Sentinel-1B on the territory of Stebnyk-Truskavets for six months with an interval of one month. Monitoring of the Earth’s surface using radar data of the Sentinel-1A with a synthesized aperture is implemented with the application of interferometric methods of Persistent Scatterers and Small baselines interferometry for estimating small displacements of the Earth’s surface and structures. The obtained quantitative and qualitative indicators of monitoring do not answer the processes that take place and lead to vertical displacements the six months but do provide an opportunity to assess the extent and trends of their development. The speciﬁcation in each case can be accomplished by ground methods, which greatly simplify the search for sites with critical parameters of vertical displacements which can have negative consequences and lead to an emergency.
Climatological Characteristics and Orographic Enhancement of Lake-Effect Precipitation East of Lake Ontario and over the Tug Hill Plateau

AbstractLake-effect snowstorms east of Lake Ontario are frequently intense and contribute to substantial seasonal accumulations, especially over the Tug Hill Plateau (hereafter Tug Hill), which rises at a gentle 1.25% slope to ~500 m above lake level. Using a variety of datasets including radar imagery from the KTYX (Fort Drum, New York) WSR-88D, this paper examines the characteristics of lake-effect precipitation east of Lake Ontario over 13 cool seasons (16 September 2001–15 May 2014). During this period, days with at least 2 h of lake effect account for 61%–76% of the mean cool-season snowfall and 24%–37% of the mean cool-season liquid precipitation. Mean monthly lake-effect frequency and snowfall peak in December and January. The highest lake-effect frequency and snowfall occur over the western and upper Tug Hill, with an arm of relatively high lake-effect frequency and snowfall extending to the southeast shore of Lake Ontario. To the east (lee), lake-effect frequency and snowfall decrease abruptly ov.
Stateful Neural Networks for Intermittent Systems

Deep neural network (DNN) inference on intermittently powered battery-less devices has the potential to unlock new possibilities for sustainable and intelligent edge applications. Existing intermittent inference approaches preserve progress information separate from the computed output features during inference. However, we observe that even in highly specialized approaches, the additional overhead incurred for inference progress preservation still accounts for a significant portion of the inference latency. This work proposes the concept of stateful neural networks, which enables a DNN to indicate the inference progress itself. Our runtime middleware embeds state information into the DNN such that the computed and preserved output features intrinsically contain progress indicators, avoiding the need to preserve them separately. The specific position and representation of the embedded states jointly ensure both output features and states are not corrupted while maintaining model accuracy, and the embedded states allow the latest output feature to be determined, enabling correct inference recovery upon power resumption. Evaluations were conducted on different Texas Instruments devices under varied intermittent power strengths and network models. Compared to the state-of-the-art, our approach can speed up intermittent inference by 1.3 to 5 times, achieving higher performance when executing modern convolutional networks with weaker power.