Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 1064 nm, 1085 nm Dual-Wavelength Nd:YVO4 Laser Using Fabry–Perot Filters as Output Couplers

We propose and demonstrate a 1064- and 1085-nm dual-wavelength coupled-cavity Nd:YVO4 laser by exploiting two dielectric Fabry-Perot bandpass filters as laser output couplers. A fiber-pigtailed 808-nm laser diode array is used to pump an a-cut Nd:YVO4 crystal with a concave-plane resonator cavity. The first dielectric Fabry-Perot filter is designed to suppress the strong emission ~1064 nm and facilitate the oscillation of 1085-nm weak emission. The second Fabry-Perot filter as output mirror is designed to transmit the 1085-nm laser as much as possible and facilitate the oscillation of the 1064-nm emission. Simultaneous dual-wavelength lasing at 1064 and 1085 nm is successfully achieved with the pump power of 1.4 W. The threshold pump power of the laser is 1 W. The maximum output power of the dual-wavelength laser is 220 mW and slope conversion efficiency is 8.7%. The design principle of the Fabry-Perot filter used as an output coupler is discussed.
Genomewide insertional mutagenesis in Streptomyces coelicolor reveals additional genes involved in morphological differentiation

The filamentous soil bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor undergoes a complex cycle of morphological differentiation involving the formation of an aerial mycelium and the production of pigmented antibiotics. We have developed a procedure for generating insertional mutants of S. coelicolor based on in vitro transposition of a plasmid library of cloned S. coelicolor DNAs. The insertionally mutated library was introduced into S. coelicolor, and transposon insertions were recovered at widely scattered locations around the chromosome. Many of the insertions revealed previously uncharacterized genes, and several caused novel mutant phenotypes, such as altered pigment production, enhanced antibiotic sensitivity, delayed or impaired formation of aerial hyphae, and a block in spore formation. The sporulation mutant harbored an insertion in one of three adjacent genes that are apparently unique to Streptomyces but are each represented by at least 20 paralogs at dispersed locations in the chromosome. Individual members of the three families often are found grouped together in a characteristic arrangement, suggesting that they have a common function.
Editorial: Manganese-Enhanced MRI: A New Avenue of Functional and Structural Imaging in Neuroscience

1 Laboratory for Physiological Functional Imaging, Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan, Department of Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan, Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan, Medical Devices Research Group, Health and
Teams and cardiac surgery

Motivation - Our study is designed to identify human factors that are a threat to the safety of children with heart disease. Research approach - After an initial observation period, we will apply a major safety intervention. We will then re-measure the occurrence and types of human factors in the operating room, and the incidence of adverse events, near misses and hospital death, to evaluate if there was a significant post-intervention reduction. Findings/design - We focus on challenges encountered during the training of the observers. Research Limitations - Because of the complexity of the OR, observations are necessarily subjective. Originality/Value - This work is original because of the systematic evaluation of a safety intevention and the training protocol for the observers. Take Away Message - Systematic and periodic assessment of observers is required when teamwork is observed in complex, dynamic settings.
Different species of Vibrio have caused disease and mortality in wild winter flounder

An epizootic causing mortality among cultured summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus occurred in summer of 1998 at a land-based facility on Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA. The &Sease, flounder infectious necrotizing enteritis (FINE), was characterized by reddening around the anal area, distended abdomens filled with opaque serosanguineous fluid, enteritis and necrosis of the posterior intestine. In extreme cases of the disease, the posterior intestine was detached from the anus and was observed coming out the vent. The intestine of individuals that recovered from the dsease ended in a blind-sac; the abdomens of these fish were distended, due to food and water inside the intestinal blind-sac. A bacterium was isolated from ascites fluid and kidney of moribund flounder and identified as the causative agent in challenge experiments. The pathogen was identified as Vibno carchariae by morphological and biochemical characteristics and sequence of the 16s rRNA. The LDSo estimate was 5 X 105 colony-forming units injected intraperitoneally into 100 to 200 g summer flounder.
Young Parents’ Relationship Characteristics, Shared Sexual Behaviors, Perception of Partner Risks, and Dyadic Influences

Rising rates of heterosexually transmitted HIV among youth and young adults, particularly from ethnic minorities, create an urgent need to understand risk factors and perceptions of risk within the context of couple relationships. This study examined reports of young mothers and fathers (predominantly Latino) about background characteristics, relationship quality and length, HIV-related risk factors, and perceptions of partners’ behaviors and personal history. Higher concordance was found for relationship characteristics and partners' personal history (e.g., incarceration) than on shared sexual behaviors. Most males and females stated that they were monogamous; however, those whose partners reported concurrency were unaware of this. Many were unaware of their partners’ HIV testing status. Relationship quality was higher when females accurately perceived their partners' self-reported HIV-related risk behaviors. Length of the relationship did not influence concordance. Findings support the need for HIV prevention programs to promote open discussion about condom use and HIV testing within sexual partnerships.
Identification of key genes for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma using weighted co-expression network analysis

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck, and can seriously affect the daily life of patients. To study the mechanisms of LSCC, the microarray of GSE51958 was analyzed in the present study. GSE51958 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus, and included a collection of LSCC tissue samples and matched adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples from 10 patients. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using limma package. Next, a weighted co-expression network was constructed for the DEGs by WGCNA package in R. Modules of the weighted co-expression network were obtained through constructing a hierarchical clustering tree using the hybrid dynamic shear tree method. Using the clusterProfiler package, the potential functions of DEGs in the modules correlated with LSCC were predicted by pathway enrichment analysis. In total, 959 DEGs were screened from the LSCC samples compared with the adjacent non-cancerous samples, including 553 upregulated and 406 downregulated genes. The appointed black, brown, gray, pink and yellow modules were screened for the DEGs in the weighted co-expression network. For the DEGs in the brown and yellow modules, the enriched pathways were cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and metabolic pathways, respectively. The DEGs in the pink module were involved in the majority of pathways. With high connectivity degrees in the pink module, TPX2, microtubule-associated (TPX2; degree, 25), minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (MCM2; degree, 25), ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1; degree, 22), cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2; degree, 20) and protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1; degree, 20) may be involved in LSCC. Overall, In conclusion, from the integrated bioinformatics analysis of genes that may be associated with LSCC, 959 DEGs were obtained from LSCC samples compared with adjacent non-cancerous samples, and TPX2, MCM2, UHRF1, CDK2 and PRC1 were found to hold a possible association with the disease.
EFFECT OF SEED SCARIFICATION ON IN VITRO SEED GERMINATION OF ABRUS PRECATORIUS L.

Abrus precatorius is the native plant of India and used in many ways in the Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine. This seeds of the species is dormant due to hard seed coat. So the aim of the study is to remove seed dormancy and enhance germination capacity within a short period. To overcome the problem of dormancy, seeds were scarified by seed scarifier, sand paper, hot water treatment, DMSO and different acid scarification (H 2 SO 4 , HNO 3 ) just before sowing. 50-100% germination was achieved under different treatment conditions while the seeds without any treatment fail to germinate. The highest (100%) germination was observed within 4 days at 30 0 C after sowing in seeds treated with concentrated H 2 SO 4 for 120 minutes. 70-85% germination was achieved when the seeds were treated with acid for 60 and 90 minutes. Seeds treated with sand paper showed similar results with 60-65% germination. The seeds scarified by a mechanical scarifier, picking with needle and treated with hot water did not show more than 25% germination after 7 days.
The control of the yeast H2O2 response by the Msn2/4 transcription factors

We have analysed the contribution of the Msn2/4 transcription factors and the Ras‐cAMP‐proteine kinase A (PKA) pathway to the control of the yeast H2O2 response. Strains deleted for MSN2 and MSN4 are hypersensitive to H2O2, although they can still adapt to this oxidant. They are also unable to induce 27 proteins of the H2O2 stimulon as shown by quantitative two‐dimensional gel analysis. This peculiar H2O2 tolerance defect, the nature of the proteins of the Msn2/4 regulon, and the partial overlap of this regulon with the Yap1 H2O2‐response regulon, suggest an independent and distinctive role of these two H2O2 stress response pathways. A strain lacking PDE2, and therefore carrying high intracellular cAMP levels, is also hypersensitive to H2O2. In the presence of exogenous cAMP, this strain does not induce the entire H2O2 Msn2/4 regulon and some other proteins. This, and the normal H2O2 induction of a gene reporter under control of the Yap1 regulator when intracellular cAMP level are high, demonstrate that the Ras‐cAMP pathway negatively affects the H2O2 stress response through Msn2/4. However, the high H2O2 sensitivity of a strain lacking the PKA‐negative regulatory subunit Bcy1, is not only the consequence of the inhibition of Msn2/4 but also of Yap1 through a yet undefined mechanism.
Interstitial and Vascular Type V Collagen Morphologic Disorganization in Usual Interstitial Pneumonia

Recent evidence suggests that type V collagen plays a role in organizing collagen fibrils, thus maintaining fibril size and spatial organization uniform. In this study we sought to characterize the importance of type V collagen morphological disorganization and to study the relationship between type V collagen, active remodeling of the pulmonary vascular/parenchyma (fibroblastic foci), and other collagen types in usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). We examined type V collagen and several other collagens in 24 open lung biopsies with histological pattern of UIP from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We used immunofluorescence, morphometry, and three-dimensional reconstruction to evaluate the amount of collagen V and its interaction with the active remodeling progression in UIP, as well as types I and III collagen fibers. Active remodeling progression was significantly related to type V collagen density (p<0.05), showing a gradual and direct increase to minimal, moderate, and severe fibrosis degree in UIP and in the three different areas: normal, intervening, and mural-organizing fibrosis in UIP. Parenchymal changes were characterized by morphological disorganization of fibrillar collagen with diverse disarray and thickness when observed by three-dimensional reconstruction. We concluded that in the different temporal stages of UIP, vascular/parenchyma collagen type V is increased, in disarray, and is the most important predictor of survival.
Robustness of near-infrared calibration models for the prediction of milk constituents during the milking process

The robustness of in-line raw milk analysis with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was tested with respect to the prediction of the raw milk contents fat, protein and lactose. Near-infrared (NIR) spectra of raw milk (n = 3119) were acquired on three different farms during the milking process of 354 milkings over a period of six months. Calibration models were calculated for: a random data set of each farm (fully random internal calibration); first two thirds of the visits per farm (internal calibration); whole datasets of two of the three farms (external calibration), and combinations of external and internal datasets. Validation was done either on the remaining data set per farm (internal validation) or on data of the remaining farms (external validation). Excellent calibration results were obtained when fully randomised internal calibration sets were used for milk analysis. In this case, RPD values of around ten, five and three for the prediction of fat, protein and lactose content, respectively, were achieved. Farm internal calibrations achieved much poorer prediction results especially for the prediction of protein and lactose with RPD values of around two and one respectively. The prediction accuracy improved when validation was done on spectra of an external farm, mainly due to the higher sample variation in external calibration sets in terms of feeding diets and individual cow effects. The results showed that further improvements were achieved when additional farm information was added to the calibration set. One of the main requirements towards a robust calibration model is the ability to predict milk constituents in unknown future milk samples. The robustness and quality of prediction increases with increasing variation of, e.g., feeding and cow individual milk composition in the calibration model.
Sectioning Techniques for Electron Microscopy Using a Conventional Microtome

Summary Conventional histological techniques have been modified so that is is possible consistently to cut 0.2 micron sections for use with the electron microscope. The material must be doubly embedded in strong collodion and hard paraffin. The face of the block to be cut must be small, and the tilt of the knife must be precisely adjusted. Procedures have been developed for partly or wholly removing the embedding media, and mounting the sections for the electron microscope. Micrographs of rat liver sections show that the principal artefacts are due to fixation rather than subsequent treatments.
Determinants of short-term debt financing

In this study, it is shown that both theories put forward to explain the amount of shortterm debt financing that a firm employs have validity. The matching principle correctly predicts that the amount of short-term debt financing that a firm uses is directly related to the quantity of the firm’s current assets. Additionally, other factors that have been shown to affect the levels of long-term debt financing that a firm employs are also shown to affect the amount of short-term debt financing that a firm uses. Specifically, the amount of firm short-term debt financing is shown to be inversely related to the amount of the firm’s non-debt tax shields, growth opportunities, product uniqueness and firm size. Additionally, short-term debt financing was found to be directly related to the quantity of tangible assets the firm owns.
Efficacy of Topical Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor for Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Diabetic foot ulceration is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) is used topically in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate if rhEGF increased the complete healing rate of diabetic foot compared with controls. We searched the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Knowledge databases (up to December 22, 2015). Studies were identified and selected, and data were extracted by 2 independent reviewers. A total of 4 randomized controlled trials including 294 patients were identified. The studies evaluated the rate of healing of diabetic foot that were treated with rhEGF or controls. On account of study heterogeneity, a random-effects model was performed, and the combined odds ratio (OR) indicated a significantly greater complete healing rate in patients treated with rhEGF compared to placebo. The ORs ranged from 1.66 to 14.64, with a combined OR of 4.36 (95% confidence interval = 1.48-12.81, P = .007). These results indicate that rhEGF is efficacious in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers by increasing the rate of wound healing. These findings support the use of rhEGF in treating diabetic foot.
Exercise-induced brachial artery vasodilation : 1 Effects of antioxidants and exercise training in elderly men 2 3 4 5 6 7

21 Correspondence: 22 23 Russell S. Richardson 24 Department of Medicine, 25 Division of Geriatrics, 26 University of Utah, 27 Utah, 84132-0001 28 29 Phone: (801) 582-1565 ext.4344 30 Fax: (801) 584 5658 31 Email: rrichardson@ucsd.edu 32 33 34 35 36 Running Head: Exercise, vasodilation, antioxidants and age. 37 38 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (December 4, 2009). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00761. 2009
Carbon-Nanotube-Based Motor Driven by a Thermal Gradient

We present a model describing the dynamics of a thermally activated nanoelectromechanical device. The nanosystem consisted of two coaxial carbon nanotubes of disparate lengths. The presence of strong thermal inhomogeneities induced motion of the shorter nanotube along the track of the longer nanotube. A model combining the actions of frictional, van der Waals, and thermal forces and the effects of noise is proposed and used to reproduce the motions observed in experiments and simulations. The dynamics of the nanomotor reveals the existence of a rich variety of dynamical behaviors and a high sensitivity to noise and initial conditions.
Evidence for dissociation between the perceptual and visuomotor systems in humans

When a visual stimulus is continuously moved behind a small stationary window, the window appears displaced in the direction of motion of the stimulus. In this study we showed that the magnitude of this illusion is dependent on (i) whether a perceptual or visuomotor task is used for judging the location of the window, (ii) the directional signature of the stimulus, and (iii) whether or not there is a significant delay between the end of the visual presentation and the initiation of the localization measure. Our stimulus was a drifting sinusoidal grating windowed in space by a stationary, two–dimensional, Gaussian envelope (s = 1 cycle of sinusoid). Localization measures were made following either a short (200 ms) long (4.2s) post–stimulus delay.The visuomotor localization error was up to three times greater than the perceptual error for a short delay. However, the visuomotor and perceptual localization measures were similar for a long delay. Our results provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that separate cortical pathways exist for visual perception and visually guided action and that delayed actions rely on stored perceptual information.
Agents that stabilise atherosclerotic plaque

The concept of plaque stabilisation was developed to explain how medications could decrease adverse coronary events without a substantial reduction in the regression of atherosclerosis. With this concept, a comprehensive view of atherosclerosis is now appreciated. A number of imaging modalities are employed to study atherosclerosis; most identify luminal diameter or stenosis, wall thickness and plaque volume. A number of antiatherosclerotic agents have been studied as well to prove this hypothesis. However, the ultimate goal of medical treatment is to cure or prevent diseases caused by atherosclerosis.
Forces shaping the antibiotic resistome

Antibiotic resistance has become a problem of global scale. Resistance arises through mutation or through the acquisition of resistance gene(s) from other bacteria in a process called horizontal gene transfer (HGT). While HGT is recognized as an important factor in the dissemination of resistance genes in clinical pathogens, its role in the environment has been called into question by a recent study published in Nature. The authors found little evidence of HGT in soil using a culture‐independent functional metagenomics approach, which is in contrast to previous work from the same lab showing HGT between the environment and human microbiome. While surprising at face value, these results may be explained by the lack of selective pressure in the environment studied. Importantly, this work suggests the need for careful monitoring of environmental antibiotic pollution and stringent antibiotic stewardship in the fight against resistance.
HDAC inhibitor PCI-24781 decreases RAD51 expression and inhibits homologous recombination

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors such as the phenyl hydroxamic acid PCI-24781 have emerged recently as a class of therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. Recent data showing synergy of HDAC inhibitors with ionizing radiation and other DNA-damaging agents have suggested that HDAC inhibitors may act, in part, by inhibiting DNA repair. Here we present evidence that HDAC enzymes are important for homologous recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Combination studies of PCI-24781 with the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor PJ34, an agent thought to produce lesions repaired by homologous recombination (HR), resulted in a synergistic effect on apoptosis. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that HDAC inhibition caused a complete inhibition of subnuclear repair foci in response to ionizing radiation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that inhibition of HDAC enzymes by PCI-24781 led to a significant reduction in the transcription of genes specifically associated with HR, including RAD51. RAD51 protein levels were significantly decreased after 24 h of drug exposure both in vitro and in vivo. Consistent with inhibition of HR, treatment with PCI-24781 resulted in a decreased ability to perform homology directed repair of I-SceI-induced chromosome breaks in transfected CHO cells. In addition, an enhancement of cell killing was observed in Ku mutant cells lacking functional nonhomologous end joining compared with WT cells. Together these results demonstrate that HDAC enzymes are critically important to enable functional HR by controlling the expression of HR-related genes and promoting the proper assembly of HR-directed subnuclear foci.
The importance of treating multiple cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is usually associated with a number of metabolic and cardiovascular (or cardiometabolic) risk factors that contribute to a high rate of vascular events in these patients. Adipose tissue is now known to secrete a number of pro-inflammatory adipokines that are thought to mediate the link between obesity, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Therefore, not only is abdominal obesity a major cardiometabolic risk factor per se, it has the potential to give rise to other emerging risk factors. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, may provide additional information to guide management and may even represent therapeutic targets. Reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with Type 2 diabetes will involve targeting traditional risk factors and probably novel cardiometabolic factors.