Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artificial Societies, Virtual Worlds, and Their Meaningful Integration

Artificial societies and virtual worlds are two areas of interest to modern social scientists that are distinctly separate in modern academic study, and are yet undeniably related. Artificial societies are multi-agent systems comprised of autonomous social agents, programmed with their own set of rules and behavior. While virtual worlds are occupied in large part by human controlled agents participating in a collective virtual experience and space. Within both types of virtual environments there can be found a scarcity of resources and intricate crossentity interaction. This often results in the development and evolution of complex economic and cultural structures. In addition, by examining the modern research and common history shared by each field, it is possible to compile a set of shared attributes. This work attempts to capitalize on these shared features and promote a new type of integrated analysis that holds potential for future development in both fields. The concrete implementation of these ideas takes form as a simple economic model containing meaningful computer and human interaction as well as a framework designed for future extensibility.
Source factors in persuasion: A self-validation approach

The persuasion literature has examined several mechanisms that have contributed to understanding the effectiveness of credible, attractive, similar, and powerful sources. These traditionally studied processes focus on how persuasive sources can affect attitudes by serving as peripheral cues or by influencing the direction or the amount of thoughts generated. After describing these processes that operate at the primary level of cognition, we review research on self-validation that demonstrates how and when source factors can affect a secondary cognition—thought confidence. Thought confidence refers to a metacognitive form of cognition. This recently discovered mechanism can account for some already established persuasion outcomes (e.g., more persuasion with high- than low-credibility or similar sources), but by a completely different process than postulated previously. Moreover, under some circumstances we have also been able to obtain findings opposite to those typically observed (e.g., more persuasion with low- than high-credible or similar sources). Our research reveals that a consideration of self-validation processes provides an integrative mechanism for understanding many other unexplored source variables, such as oneself as a source, source matching and mimicry, and threatening sources.
On the Statistics of Reverberation Chambers and Applications for Wireless Antenna Test

In this paper, statistical tools were applied to clarify the Rayleigh distribution of the fading signals in a reverberation chamber. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions, AFD and LCR are measured. The signals correlation coefficient versus spatial locations is assessed. With the above considered reverberation chamber, measurements reveal a good agreement for emulating mobile fading channels. The measurement procedure described in this paper can be used to verify the performance of any chamber for wireless characterizations
60-GHz CPW-fed post-supported patch antenna using micromachining technology

A 60-GHz coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed post-supported patch antenna is presented using micromachining technology. In the proposed structure, the radiating patch and the feed line network can be optimized separately with a substrate. The antenna performance is improved by elevating the patch in the air. A patch array antenna is also designed with a simple feed network. The fabricated antenna shows broad band characteristics such as -10 dB bandwidth of 4.3GHz from 58.7GHz to 64.5GHz in the single patch antenna and 8.7GHz from 56.3GHz to 65GHz in 2/spl times/1 patch array antenna.
Design Optimization of a Customized Dental Implant Manufactured via Electron Beam Melting ®

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a commonly used tool to evaluate biomechanics of traditional dental implants. Biomechanics help predict bone response and implant retention which strongly affects the longevity of the implant. The current research utilizes an analogues approach with FEA, to evaluate the biomechanics of a customized dental implant design built by Electron Beam Melting®, and to contribute towards the implant’s design optimization. The analysis consists of three distinct simulation models. The first model is established in order to get an insight of the biomechanics produced by a biting force of 400 N on a second human molar in the mandible, its corresponding superposed mate and the surrounding biomaterial. In the second model, the lower jaw molar is replaced by a Ti-6Al-4V customized dental implant with a solid surface at the root. In the third model, the customized dental implant has a modified outer-layer at the root with adjustable elasticity. By using a deterministic optimization technique in the FEA, an elasticity of the modified layer can be selected in a manner to minimize stress shielding from occurring.
The use of intelligent data reduction technique in analysing the substation events

The paper proposes a relatively new approach based on rough sets to extract knowledge from a substation and provide a synthetic output suitable for decision making. This involves a mathematical technique based on the classification of objects into similar classes. The aim is to reduce the size of substation data received from IED relays while keeping all the essential information intact. This is done by discovering dependencies among events and attributes before superfluous and redundant data are identified and removed. The reduced data dimension improves the performance of substation data analysis. The problem with analysing substation data is that sometimes the datasets can be too complex and conflicting. This may result a large solution set in which we simply do not know what the best solution would be. To enhance the rough set data analysis in data/information overwhelm condition, an efficient approximation algorithm is used. The work emphasises on post fault analysis of the protection and breaker responses in a substation. It is designed to help the operator understand overwhelming alarm messages, or longer term help engineers analyse what went wrong.
articleHip fracture risk in relation to vitamin D supplementation and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies

Background: Vitamin D supplementation for fracture prevention is widespread despite conflicting interpretation of relevant randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence. This study summarises quantitatively the current evidence from RCTs and observational studies regarding vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hip fracture risk. Methods: We undertook separate meta-analyses of RCTs examining vitamin D supplementation and hip fracture, and observational studies of serum vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level), PTH and hip fracture. Results from RCTs were combined using the reported hazard ratios/relative risks (RR). Results from case-control studies were combined using the ratio of 25(OH)D and PTH measurements of hip fracture cases compared with controls. Original published studies of vitamin D, PTH and hip fracture were identified through PubMed and Web of Science databases, searches of reference lists and forward citations of key papers. Results: The seven eligible RCTs identified showed no significant difference in hip fracture risk in those randomised to cholecalciferol or ergocalciferol supplementation versus placebo/control (RR = 1.13[95%CI 0.98-1.29]; 801 cases), with no significant difference between trials of <800 IU/day and ≥800 IU/day. The 17 identified case-control studies found 33% lower serum 25(OH)D levels in cases compared to controls, based on 1903 cases. This difference was significantly greater in studies with population-based compared to hospital-based controls (χ1 (heterogeneity) = 51.02, p < 0.001) and significant heterogeneity was present overall (χ16 (heterogeneity) = 137.9, p < 0.001). Serum PTH levels in hip fracture cases did not differ significantly from controls, based on ten case-control studies with 905 cases (χ9 (heterogeneity) = 149.68, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Neither higher nor lower dose vitamin D supplementation prevented hip fracture. Randomised and observational data on vitamin D and hip fracture appear to differ. The reason for this is unclear; one possible explanation is uncontrolled confounding in observational studies. Post-fracture PTH levels are unrelated to hip fracture
Influence of Stator Topologies on Average Torque and Torque Ripple of Fractional-Slot SPM Machines With Fully Closed Slots

This paper investigates the influence of concentrated winding configurations and stator core structures on torque performance of fractional-slot surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machines. From analyzing the separated torque components of prototype SPM machines with 12-slot/10-pole (12S/10P) combination by frozen permeability (FP) method, it can be found that the torque ripple is closely related with local saturation in fully closed slot (FCS) machines. Besides, the heavier local saturation will also jeopardize the merit of using alternate teeth wound windings, such as obtaining higher average torque than electrical machines with all teeth wound windings. The further analysis of stator tooth relative permeability variation over one electrical period demonstrates that the major reason for torque ripple difference among these electrical machines with different stator topologies is the asymmetric saturation between the adjacent teeth. Both the subharmonic due to armature reaction (determined by winding connection and current value) and the asymmetry of stator core structure contribute to such asymmetric saturation. In order to more clearly verify this, the complementary slot/pole number combination (12S/14P) is also analyzed. The conclusion is effective for electrical machines with other slot/pole number combinations as well. Experiments have been carried out to validate the predictions.
Sphagnum – Polytrichum turf hummocks in the Western Carpathians

Turf hummocks co-dominated by Polytrichum formosum and Sphagnum capillifolium arise in different ecosystems – alpine heaths, raised bogs and minerotrophic mires. They share common features – with a conjoint origin, ombrotrophy and their separation from substrata. Many studies have looked at turf hummocks, but the question of whether to classify the turf hummocks separately or not is still unsolved. The study area was within the Western Carpathians, from mires in the bottoms of basins, rising to the alpine belt where 79 phytocoenological releves were submitted for numerical classification. The standard procedures of the Zurich-Montpellier School were used and the CANOCO 4.5 package served for all numerical analysis. The new association Vaccinio vitis-idaei – Sphagnetum capillifolii consisting of two subassociations: typicum and eriophoretosum vaginati is suggested. We propose to include the turf hummock communities developed in the mires and fens within the alliance Oxycocco – Empetrion hermaphrodity. The formation of turf hummocks is closely related to their decomposition, and is independent of substratum. They are raised above the influence of ground water and head towards more or less similarity in chemistry and in the floristical composition, i. e. codominance of Polytrichum formosum and Sphagnum capillifolium. The turf hummocks communities bear distinct azonal features.
Adversarially Robust Training through Structured Gradient Regularization

We propose a novel data-dependent structured gradient regularizer to increase the robustness of neural networks vis-a-vis adversarial perturbations. Our regularizer can be derived as a controlled approximation from first principles, leveraging the fundamental link between training with noise and regularization. It adds very little computational overhead during learning and is simple to implement generically in standard deep learning frameworks. Our experiments provide strong evidence that structured gradient regularization can act as an effective first line of defense against attacks based on low-level signal corruption.
THE PHOTOECCENTRIC EFFECT AND PROTO-HOT JUPITERS. II. KOI-1474.01, A CANDIDATE ECCENTRIC PLANET PERTURBED BY AN UNSEEN COMPANION

The exoplanets known as hot Jupiters—Jupiter-sized planets with periods of less than 10 days—likely are relics of dynamical processes that shape all planetary system architectures. Socrates et al. argued that high eccentricity migration (HEM) mechanisms proposed for situating these close-in planets should produce an observable population of highly eccentric proto-hot Jupiters that have not yet tidally circularized. HEM should also create failed-hot Jupiters, with periapses just beyond the influence of fast circularization. Using the technique we previously presented for measuring eccentricities from photometry (the “photoeccentric effect”), we are distilling a collection of eccentric proto- and failed-hot Jupiters from the Kepler Objects of Interest (KOI). Here, we present the first, KOI-1474.01, which has a long orbital period (69.7340 days) and a large eccentricity e = 0.81+0.10−0.07, skirting the proto-hot Jupiter boundary. Combining Kepler photometry, ground-based spectroscopy, and stellar evolution models, we characterize host KOI-1474 as a rapidly rotating F star. Statistical arguments reveal that the transiting candidate has a low false-positive probability of 3.1%. KOI-1474.01 also exhibits transit-timing variations of the order of an hour. We explore characteristics of the third-body perturber, which is possibly the “smoking-gun” cause of KOI-1474.01's large eccentricity. We use the host star's period, radius, and projected rotational velocity to measure the inclination of the stellar spin. Comparing KOI 1474.01's inclination, we find that its orbit is marginally consistent with being aligned with the stellar spin axis, although a reanalysis is warranted with future additional data. Finally, we discuss how the number and existence of proto-hot Jupiters will not only demonstrate that hot Jupiters migrate via HEM, but also shed light on the typical timescale for the mechanism.
Analysis on Differentially Expressed Genes of Muscle Tissues in Rugao Chicken at the Ages of 2 and 12 Weeks by Microarray

บทคดยอ เทคนคไมโครอะเรยซงประกอบดวย 13319 probes ถกนำมาใชในสรางรปแบบ เพอศกษาการแสดงของยนในระยะการพฒนาในกลามเนอของไกสายพนธ Rugao และศกษากลไกระดบอณชวโมเลกลทเกยวของกบกลามเนอในไกอาย 2 และ 12 สปดาห. ทำการศกษาการแสดงออกของยนจำนวน 208 ชนด ซงประกอบดวย 108 known genes 94 up-regulated และ 114 down-regulated ซงยนดงกลาวมบทบาทในการเจรญ กลไกระดบอณชวโมเลกล เมตาบอลสมของไขมน การงอกขยายของเซลล transcription and splicing factor การสงเคราะหและการสลายโปรตน ในขณะเดยวกนยนบางชนดยงไมมรายงาน การแสดงออกของยนทแตกตาง 4 ชนดถกทดสอบโดยวธ realtimequantitative PCR และผลการแสดงออกแสดงในรปแบบชอง GeneChip ซงเปนเทคโนโลยทใหมสำหรบการคดเลอกสายพนธ ของไกพนธพนเมองในประเทศจนได คำสำคญ: ไก GeneChip กลามเนอ รปแบบการแสดงออกของยน real-time quantitative PCR Abstract Microarray containing 13319 probes was used to construct gene expression profiles in order to screendifferentially expressed genes of muscle tissues in Rugao chicken and investigate the molecular mechanism relatedwith muscle tissue traits at 2 and 12 weeks old of chicken. Two hundred and eight differentially expressed genes, ofwhich 108 were known genes, 94 up-regulated, 114 down-regulated were involved in growth, molecular mechanism,fat metabolism, cell proliferation, transcription and splicing factor, protein synthesis and degradation. Meanwhile,some genes of these differentially expressed genes that had no annotation in GenBank were screened out, they werepresumed to be unknown new genes. The differential expressions of 4 genes were confirmed by real-time quantitativePCR and the results indicated that the expression changes of these genes were generally consistent with the results ofGeneChip, a technology that could be used in breeding and selection of Chinese native chicken breeds. Keywords: chicken, GeneChip, muscle tissues, gene expression profile, real-time quantitative PCR
Designing Decentralized Load-Frequency Controllers: An Optimization Approach for Synchronous Generators in Islanded Grids

In this article, an optimal decentralized controller is designed for the load-frequency control (LFC) of a multiarea islanded grid with multiple synchronous generation systems. The decentralized controller includes various proportional-integral (PI) controllers that are simultaneously designed and optimized by using a classical descent-direction quasi-Newton (QN)-based technique. Optimal decentralized PI controllers account for the dynamic coupling amid the areas of the islanded grid with no communication links among them required and, hence, improve the frequency control performance. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed decentralized PI control approach. The suggested PI controllers have a similar performance to decentralized eighth-order, linear-quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) integral controllers, which are designed in the decentralized servomechanism framework, whereas the proposed decentralized PI controllers have considerably lower-order structures.
Climate change and infectious diseases of wildlife: Altered interactions between pathogens, vectors and hosts

Infectious diseases result from the interactions of host, pathogens, and, in the case of vector-borne diseases, also vec- tors. The interactions involve physiological and ecological mechanisms and they have evolved under a given set of environmental conditions. Environmental change, therefore, will alter host-pathogen-vector interactions and, consequently, the distribution, in- tensity, and dynamics of infectious diseases. Here, we review how climate change may impact infectious diseases of aquatic and terrestrial wildlife. Climate change can have direct impacts on distribution, life cycle, and physiological status of hosts, pathogens and vectors. While a change in either host, pathogen or vector does not necessarily translate into an alteration of the disease, it is the impact of climate change on the interactions between the disease components which is particularly critical for altered disease risks. Finally, climate factors can modulate disease through modifying the ecological networks host-pathogen-vector systems are belonging to, and climate change can combine with other environmental stressors to induce cumulative effects on infectious dis- eases. Overall, the influence of climate change on infectious diseases involves different mechanisms, it can be modulated by phenotypic acclimation and/or genotypic adaptation, it depends on the ecological context of the host-pathogen-vector interactions, and it can be modulated by impacts of other stressors. As a consequence of this complexity, non-linear responses of disease sys- tems under climate change are to be expected. To improve predictions on climate change impacts on infectious disease, we sug- gest that more emphasis should be given to the integration of biomedical and ecological research for studying both the physio- logical and ecological mechanisms which mediate climate change impacts on disease, and to the development of harmonized methods and approaches to obtain more comparable results, as this would support the discrimination of case-specific versus gen- eral mechanisms (Current Zoology 59 (3): 427-437, 2013).
Analysis of feed forward and recurrent neural networks in predicting the significant wave height at the moored buoys in Bay of Bengal

In meteorological and marine engineering applications prediction of Significant Wave Height (SWH) plays a major role for forecasting cyclones, earthquakes & tsunamis that may occur in the ocean and warn the society for appropriate action. Recently, researchers are exploring the use of soft computing techniques to predict SWH In this work, the wind and wave data obtained from moored buoys of Bay of Bengal is used to predict the SWH using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The Recurrent and Feed Forward Networks were analyzed using Levenberg Marquardt (LM), Conjugate Gradient (CG) and Bayesian Regularization (BR) algorithms. Results indicate that Recurrent Networks with BR algorithm has higher correlation and less error.
Frdbms for Fuzzy Quering based on Gefred Model

When users work with usual software tools they have to change their many valued logical thinking (approximate reasoning) into the two-valued computer logic. Although the Structured Query Language (SQL) is a very powerful tool, it is unable to satisfy needs for data selection based on linguistic expressions and degrees of truth. In this paper, we are interested in flexible querying that is based on fuzzy set theory. Medina et al. have developed a server named fuzzy SQL, supporting flexible queries and based on a theoretic model called GEFRED. To model the flexible queries and the concept of fuzzy attributes, an extension of the SQL language named fuzzy SQL has been defined. The FRDB is supposed has already been defined by the user. In
A new explicit expression for the normalized hole charge improves the accuracy of HICUM/L0

In this paper a new expression for the calculation of the transfer current and the corresponding normalized hole charge in the HICUM/L0 model is presented, which leads to a significantly improved description of the collector current in the high current range and the quasi saturation and extends the validity of the HICUM/L0 from the low and medium current range to the high current range.
Application of a Static VAR System to Regulate System Voltage in Western Nebraska

Basin Electric Power Cooperative will commission a Static Var System (SVS) in late 1977 to provide automatic, continuous voltage control on a 115 kV network in western Nebraska. This paper describes engineering studies which were conducted to select the SVS rating and site, determine harmonic filtering requirements, synthesize the SVS voltage regulator characteristics and to simulate the steady-state and dynamic performance of the SVS. The studies have shown that the SVS will perform as intended to regulate the steady-state voltage within ±0.5% and reduce post-fault voltage swings which otherwise might cause important motor loads to trip off line.
A New Consistent RF-and Noise Model with Special Emphasis on Impact Ionisation for Dual-Gate HFET in Cascode Configuration

A consistent small-signal and RF-noise equivalent circuit for Dual-Gate Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors, including the influence of impact ionisation and gate-leakage current on the electronic properties, is presented. The capability of the new model is clearly demonstrated by bias-dependent investigations of the RF- and noise behaviour of InAlAs/InGaAs/InP-DGHFET.
Local and Global Models for Large-Scale Peer-to-Peer Systems

This article considers selected mathematical models on the spectrum between local (microscopic) and global (macroscopic) extreme views. The classification is oriented to the large-scale property, which may not be ignored in designs of P2P systems for the today’s and future Internet. A local model exploits the knowledge directly available at a given node, leading to easy implementation. A global model needs the knowledge about the entire system, leading to preservation of certain system invariants. The discussion introduces a rich family of analytical models that fall into this classification and can be constructed using rather simple mathematical techniques.