Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climate impact of volcanic eruptions: the sensitivity to eruption season and latitude in MPI-ESM ensemble experiments

Abstract. Explosive volcanic eruptions influence near-surface temperature and precipitation especially in the monsoon regions, but the impact varies with different eruption seasons and latitudes. To study this variability, two groups of ensemble simulations are performed with volcanic eruptions in June and December at 0° representing an equatorial eruption (EQ) and at 30° N and 30° S representing northern and southern hemisphere eruptions (NH and SH). Results show significant cooling especially in areas with enhanced volcanic aerosol content. Stronger cooling emerges in the northern (southern) hemisphere after the NH (SH) eruption compared to the EQ eruption. Stronger precipitation variations occur in the tropics than in the high latitudes. Summer and winter eruptions lead to similar climate impacts. The NH and the SH eruptions have reversed climate impacts, especially in the South Asian monsoon regions. After the NH (SH) eruption, direct radiative effects of volcanic aerosols induce changes in the interhemispheric and land-sea thermal contrasts, which move the intertropical convergence zone southward (northward) and weaken (strengthen) the South Asian summer monsoon. This reduces (increases) the moisture transport from the ocean to India, and reduces (enhances) cloud formation. The subsequent radiative feedbacks due to regional cloud cover lead to warming (cooling) in India. This emphasis the sensitivity of regional climate impacts of volcanic eruptions to eruption latitude, which relates to the dynamical response of the climate system to radiative effects of volcanic aerosols and the subsequent regional physical feedbacks.
Application of the Trapezoid Method, the Gauss Legendre Method, and the Simpson Method in Numerical Integration Solutions

Numerical integration is one of several subjects in the numerical method course. Some of the integral methods known in the numerical method include the trapezoid method, Gauss Legendre, Simpson, Newton-Cotes and so on. The purpose of this research is to solve the problem of numerical integration using the trapezoidal method, the Gauss Legendre method and the simpson 1/3 method. Then compare the results and errors obtained from the three methods against the analytical value. The results showed that the Simpson 1/3 Rule gave more accurate results than the trapezoidal method, the Gauss Legendre method and the Simpson 1/3 method. This can be seen from the results and the error value obtained. The results obtained in Simpson's Rule are closer to the analytical value than the other 2 methods. Likewise for the errors that are obtained, Simpson's Rule has a smaller error. In other words, the Simpson 1/3 method has better performance than the Trapezoid and Gauss Legendre method. In addition, the application of technology in solving numerical integration can be used with the Matlab application to facilitate processing and time efficiency.
Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Snapper Fish (Lutjanus sp.) from Banda Aceh Waters

Snapper (Lutjanus sp.), which is an important marine fish resource, is known to have relatively low movement activity and form relatively small groups. These characteristics make these fish susceptible to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to identify the pathogenic bacterial species that contaminate snapper based on 16S rRNA gene analysis. The samples used in this study were the pathogenic bacterial isolates BPK-1 and BPK-2 which had previously been isolated from snapper fish originating from Banda Aceh waters. The bacteria were previously grown in nutrient broth (NB) media, then DNA genome from the bacteria was isolated using Presto TM Mini g DNA Bacteria Kit, followed by PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene. PCR products were sequenced and nucleotide sequence data were analyzed by bioinformatics software to construct phylogenetic tree. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two isolates BPK-1 and BPK-2 were two different bacterial species. BPK-2 isolate has similarities with Aeromonas sp. with a similarity percentage of 96.69%. While the BPK-1 isolate has similarities with Aeromonas salmonicida with a similarity percentage of 85.88%, so it is suspected that it is a novel species that needs further research.
Production and Substantive Bias in Phonological Learning

The role of inductive biases has been actively examined in work on phonological learning. While previous studies systematically supported a structural bias hypothesis, i.e., patterns with simpler phonological featural descriptions are easier to learn, the results have been mixed for a substantive bias hypothesis, i.e., phonetically motivated patterns are easier to learn. This study explores an explanation for the uncertain status of substantive bias in phonological learning. Among the aspects of phonetic substance, we focus on articulatory factors. We hypothesize that practice producing phonological patterns makes salient to learners the articulatory factors underlying articulatorily (un-)grounded patterns. An artificial language learning experiment was conducted to test the learning of postnasal (de)voicing, a pattern which is primarily grounded on articulatory components. We examine the role of production in the learning of articulatorily grounded (postnasal voicing) vs. ungrounded patterns (postnasal devoicing), by comparing the outcomes of perception-only vs. perception-with-production learning contexts, both in categorical and variable pattern learning conditions. The results show evidence for a production effect, but it was restricted to certain contexts, namely those involving a higher level of uncertainty and for languages exhibiting dominant natural patterns. We discuss the implications of our findings for phonological learning and language change.
Correlation between adopting marketing as a business orientation and its effect on exporting in the textile firms of Egypt’s industry

The ultimate objective of textile industry in Egypt, as any other real industry in any developing country, is to expand the accessibility of its products/ services by exporting to diverse international markets through intermeshing with global network of supply chains. On the other hand, there is marketing orientation, which is one of business management approaches that can serve as a market access means for textile producers that qualifies them into engaging in global value chains, and hence contribute vigorously in prompting textile exports. The objective of this paper research is to specify the correlation between adopting the marketing orientation as business management approach, and engaging in exporting activities, among producers of Egypt’s textile sector. To fulfill this objective, the study utilizes comparative, analytical, and descriptive approach as study methodology. Through a designed survey study that aims at collecting primary data from a sample comprised of (16) textile mills from different industrial zones located in Eastern Cairo of Egypt, mainly producing upholstery and home textiles products. The sample is divided into two groups: (1) Exporting upholstery and home textiles mills, and (2) Non-exporting upholstery and home textiles mills; each group is constituted by (8) mills. Data collection were executed through survey methodology that takes the form of interview. The interview type is Structured Interview aiming to collect qualitative and quantitative data from the interviewees. The frames that compose the interview structure are shown in Research Work section. The subjects to be interviewed are from high management level, including CEOs, factory managers, and business owners.
Hylbrownite, Na3MgP3O10·12H2O, a new triphosphate mineral from the Dome Rock Mine, South Australia: description and crystal structure

Abstract Hylbrownite, ideally Na3MgP3O10·12H2O, the second known triphosphate mineral, is a new mineral species from the Dome Rock mine, Boolcoomatta Reserve, Olary Province, South Australia, Australia. The mineral forms aggregates and sprays of crystals up to 0.5 mm across with individual crystals up to 0.12 mm in length and 0.02 mm in width. Crystals are thin prismatic to acicular in habit and are elongate along [001]. Forms observed are {010}, {100}, {001}, {210} and {201}. Crystals are colourless to white, possess a white streak, are transparent, brittle, have a vitreous lustre and are nonfluorescent. The measured density is 1.81(4) g cm−3; Mohs‘ hardness was not determined. Cleavage is good parallel to {001} and to {100} and the fracture is uneven. Hylbrownite crystals are nonpleochroic, biaxial (−), with α = 1.390(4), β = 1.421(4), γ = 1.446(4) and 2Vcalc. = 82.2°. Hylbrownite is monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a = 14.722(3), b = 9.240(2), c = 15.052(3) Å, β = 90.01(3)°, V = 2047.5(7) Å3, (single-crystal data) and Z = 4. The strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [d (Å)(I)(hkl)]: 10.530(60)(101̅,101), 7.357(80)(200), 6.951(100)(111̅, 111), 4.754(35)(103̅, 103), 3.934(40)(022), 3.510(45)(303̅, 303), 3.336(35)(411̅, 411). Chemical analysis by electron microprobe gave Na2O 16.08, MgO 7.08, CaO 0.43, P2O5 37.60, H2Ocalc 38.45, total 99.64 wt. %. The empirical formula, calculated on the basis of 22 oxygen atoms is Na2.93Mg0. 99Ca0.04P2. 99O9.97·12.03H2O. The crystal structure was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data using synchrotron radiation (T = 123 K) and refined to R 1 = 4.50% on the basis of 2417 observed reflections with F0 > 4 σ(F 0). [Mg(H2O)3P3O10] clusters link in the b direction to NaΦ6 octahedra, by face and corner sharing. Edge sharing NaΦ6 Octahedra and NaΦ7 polyhedra form Na2O9 groups which link via corners to form chains along the b direction. Chains link to [Mg(H2O)3P3O10] clusters via corner-sharing in the c direction and form a thick sheet parallel to (100). Sheets are linked in the a direction via hydrogen bonds.
Incremental stability of stochastic time‐varying impulsive and switching systems

In this article, the incremental stability problem is addressed for stochastic time‐varying impulsive and switching systems. Both cases of stable continuous subsystems with destabilizing impulses and unstable continuous subsystems with stabilizing impulses are fully considered. By resorting to contraction theory and the Lyapunov function approach together with the dwell time technique, sufficient criteria are established to achieve practical incrementally globally asymptotic stability. Finally, the feasibility of these results is verified by a numerical example.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial, MTT assay, DFT study of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes with some New Schiff Base Ligands

Novel Schiff base ligand HL was synthesized by the condensation of 3,5- dichlorosalicylaldehyde and 4-phenylsemicarbazide. Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were synthesized in 1:1 molar ratio of metal to ligand. The structure of the synthesized ligand was established using 1H NMR, IR, Mass spectrometry and the metal complexes were characterized using IR, Mass spectrometry, UV-Vis, powdered XRD and molar conductivity. The thermal stability of the complex was studied by TGA. In DFT studies, the geometries of Schiff bases and metal complexes were fully optimized with respect to the energy taking the 6-31+g (d,p) basis set using Gaussian 09w, several molecular properties were also calculated. The spectral data show that ligand HL behaves as uninegative tridentate. On the basis of spectral studies, an octahedral geometry has been assigned for Co(II), square planar for Cu(II) and tetrahedral for Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes. The antimicrobial activities were examined against some human pathogenic strains. The MTT assay was screened against mouse fibroblast cell line. The result indicates that metal complexes show increase in cytotoxicity in proliferation to cell line as compared to the free ligand.
Artificial Neural Network Based Particle Swarm Optimization for Microgrid Optimal Energy Scheduling

This letter proposes an enhancement for artificial neural network (ANN) using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to manage renewable energy resources (RESs) in a virtual power plant (VPP) system. This letter highlights the comparison of the ANN-based binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) algorithm with the original BPSO algorithm. The comparison has been made upon searching the optimal value of the number of nodes in the hidden layers and the learning rate. These parameter values are used in ANN training for microgrid (MG) optimal energy scheduling. The proposed approach has been tested in the VPP system covering MGs involving RESs to minimize the power and giving priority to sustainable resources to participate instead of buying power from the utility grid. This model is tested using real load demand recorded for 24 h in Perlis state, the northern part of Malaysia. Besides, real weather condition data are recorded by Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research solar energy meteorology for a 1-h average (e.g., solar irradiation, wind speed, battery status data, and fuel level). The results show that ANN-PSO gives precise decision compared with BPSO algorithm, which in turn prove that the enhancement for the neural net reaches the optimum level of energy scheduling.
The effect of nest temperature on growth and survival in juvenile Great Tits Parus major

Abstract For birds, maintaining an optimal nest temperature is critical for early‐life growth and development. Temperatures deviating from this optimum can affect nestling growth and fledging success with potential consequences on survival and lifetime reproductive success. It is therefore particularly important to understand these effects in relation to projected temperature changes associated with climate change. Targets set by the 2015 Paris Agreement aim to limit temperature increases to 2°C, and, with this in mind, we carried out an experiment in 2017 and 2018 where we applied a treatment that increased Great Tit Parus major nest temperature by approximately this magnitude (achieving an increase of 1.6°C, relative to the control) during the period from hatching to fledging to estimate how small temperature differences might affect nestling body size and weight at fledging and fledging success. We recorded hatching and fledging success and measured skeletal size (tarsus length) and body mass at days 5, 7, 10, and 15 posthatch in nestlings from two groups of nest boxes: control and heated (+1.6°C). Our results show that nestlings in heated nest boxes were 1.6% smaller in skeletal size at fledging than those in the cooler control nests, indicating lower growth rates in heated boxes, and that their weight was, in addition, 3.3% lower. These results suggest that even fairly small changes in temperature can influence phenotype and postfledging survival in cavity‐nesting birds. This has the potential to affect the population dynamics of these birds in the face of ongoing climatic change, as individuals of reduced size in colder winters may suffer from decreased fitness.
Measuring Dynamic Changes in the Spatial Pattern and Connectivity of Surface Waters Based on Landscape and Graph Metrics: A Case Study of Henan Province in Central China

An understanding of the scientific layout of surface water space is crucial for the sustainable development of human society and the ecological environment. The objective of this study was to use land-use/land-cover data to identify the spatiotemporal dynamic change processes and the influencing factors over the past three decades in Henan Province, central China. Multidisciplinary theories (landscape ecology and graph theory) and methods (GIS spatial analysis and SPSS correlation analysis) were used to quantify the dynamic changes in surface water pattern and connectivity. Our results revealed that the water area decreased significantly during the periods of 1990–2000 and 2010–2018 due to a decrease in tidal flats and linear waters, but increased significantly in 2000–2010 due to an increase in patchy waters. Human construction activities, socioeconomic development and topography were the key factors driving the dynamics of water pattern and connectivity. The use of graph metrics (node degree, betweenness centrality, and delta probability of connectivity) in combination with landscape metrics (Euclidean nearest-neighbor distance) can help establish the parameters of threshold distance between connected habitats, identify hubs and stepping stones, and determine the relatively important water patches that require priority protection or development.
METAL (II) COMPLEXES OF ONO DONOR SCHIFF BASE LIGAND AS A NEW CLASS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS CONTAINING INDOLE CORE: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION

Objective: The present communication deals with the synthesis and characterization of biologically active Cu (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) complexes of ONO donor Schiff base ligand derived from the condensation of 5-methyl-3-phenyl-1 H -indole-2-carbohydrazide with 2-hydroxy-1-napthaldehyde. Methods: The chemical structures of the Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes were elucidated by elemental analysis and various physicochemical techniques like IR, 1 H NMR, ESI mass, double beam UV-visible spectra, ESR, thermal analysis, powder XRD, conductometric and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Results: Spectral investigations suggested octahedral coordination geometrical arrangement for Cu (II), Co (II) and Ni (II) complexes, having 1:2 stoichiometric ratio of the type [M(L) 2 ] whereas the tetrahedral coordination geometric arrangement of Zn(II) complex, with 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of the type [Zn(L)Cl]. The antimicrobial activity results revealed that the metal complexes were found to be more active than the free ligand. Furthermore, the DNA cleavage activity was also studied using plasmid DNA pBR322 as a target molecule, and the compounds showed moderate activity. Conclusion: A new Cu (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) complexes were prepared with tridentate ONO donor novel Schiff base ligand (L) and characterized by various physicochemical techniques and all the complexes are found to be non-electrolytic in nature. In addition, all the newly prepared compounds are found to be biologically active.
Measurement of Organizational Performance: Empirical Evidence on Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia

This study aims to measure organizational performance as the impact of environmental changes by considering management accounting practices in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. This study develops contingency theory and institutional theory as a basis for analyzing the effect of environmental changes on the performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia, both directly and indirectly, through changes in management accounting practices, which is responsible for company performance. The sample is randomly determined by 149 managers. Primary data using a questionnaire was collected by email, postal mail, or went directly to the manager. Data analysis was performed with Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study found that environmental changes have no effect on improving organizational performance, but environmental changes affect the change in management accounting practices. In contrast, changes in management accounting affect organizational performance. It means that changes in management accounting are able to mediate environmental changes to improve organizational performance.
Salivirus infection: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of association with gastrointestinal symptoms in children

Salivirus (SaV) is a newly described member of the family Picornaviridae that has been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, particularly in children. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of SaV in symptomatic children and its potential association with GI complications. A systematic search was conducted from 01 December 2009 to 10 December 2020, in three major English databases, including Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science as well as Google scholar search engine. Random effect model‐based overall prevalence and odds ratio (OR) were assessed in cross‐sectional and case‐control studies by STATA 14.1. The random effect model‐based pooled prevalence of SaV was 1.6% (95% CI, 0.010–0.022%) and overall OR for all eight case‐control studies indicated an association (3.19 with 95% confidence interval 1.35–7.57) that was not statistically significant, due to the small number of studies available. More comprehensive case‐control studies in multiple geographies should be conducted on the prevalence of SaV in children.
Biomolecular Interaction, Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities of Organometallic Re(I) Complexes with 5-(2-butyl-5-chloro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1,3-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole

Organometallic rhenium(I) complexes (I-VI) using substituted 5-(2-butyl-5-chloro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1,3-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole have been synthesized and characterised by spectroscopic method. For evaluation of HOMO-LUMO energy gap, estimation of bond angle, bond length data and Mulliken charge analysis DFT studies were performed. The complexes (I-VI) can be generated by bis-heterocyclic ligand followed by metal chelation. The interactions between synthesised compounds and double stranded DNA (HS DNA) was carried out by viscosity measurements, absorption titration, and gel electrophoresis gives information about modes of binding and the nucleolytic efficiency of compounds. Groove binding was suggested as the most possible mode and the DNA-binding (Kb) constants of the complexes were calculated. Electronic spectra and conductivity measurement confirm the different transition, and non-electrolytic nature of the metal complexes. Thermodynamic parameter ΔG0 value ranging from -7227.0 to -9463.0 J/moleoK. According to the thermodynamic parameter, the main binding force could be judged. In vivo and In vitro cytotoxicity against the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells gives toxic nature of the synthesised compounds. An antimicrobial study was carried out by estimating MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) against two Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. All compounds found effective against S. cerevisiae which is confirmed by enhancing ROS production and DNA damage show by gel electrophoresis as compared to untreated yeast cell culture and DMSO.
Flow Field Effect on the Performance of Direct Formic Acid Membraneless Fuel Cells: A Numerical Study

The performance of both air-breathing and air-feeding direct formic acid membraneless fuel cells (DFAMFCs) possessing different flow fields were numerically investigated in this study at given concentration and flow rate for both fuel and electrolyte. Single serpentine, stepwise broadening serpentine, multi-serpentine and parallel channel were tested as liquid flow field, while single serpentine, stepwise broadening serpentine, multi-serpentine and pin channel were tested as air flow field. The channel width was either 0.8 mm or 1.3 mm. The simulation results showed that the air-breathing DFAMFC having identical flow field for both fuel and electrolyte yielded highest cell output. The air-breathing DFAMFC having SBS liquid flow field yielded a maximum power density of 10.5 mW/cm2, while the air-breathing DFAMFC having S(1.3) liquid flow field produced an open circuit voltage of 1.0 V owing to few formic acid penetration into the cathode. Concerning the air-feeding DFAMFCs, the DFAMFC having SBS liquid flow field and MS(0.8) air flow field yielded highest peak power density, 12 mW/cm2, at an airflow rate of 500 sccm. Considering the power generated by the DFAMFCs together with the power consumed by the air pump, DFAMFC having SBS liquid flow field and Pin(0.8) air flow field could be the preferred design.