Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concise Review: Emerging Principles from the Clinical Application of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapies for B Cell Malignancies

Gene‐engineered T cell therapies are soon to be United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for at least two types of B cell malignancies in pediatric and adult patients, in the form of CD19 targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy. This represents a triumph of a true bench to bedside clinical translation of a therapy that was conceived of in the early 1990s. Clinical results have demonstrated efficacious responses in patients with the CD19 positive diseases B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B cell lymphoma. However, significant challenges have emerged, including worrisome immune‐related toxicities, therapy resistance, and understanding how to administer CD19 CAR T cells in clinical practice. Although much remains to be learned, pioneering clinical trials have led to foundational insights about the clinical translation of this novel therapy. Here, we review the “lessons learned” from the pre‐clinical and human experience with CAR T cell therapy. Stem Cells 2018;36:36–44
Cross‐Tissue Identification of Somatic Stem and Progenitor Cells Using a Single‐Cell RNA‐Sequencing Derived Gene Signature

A long‐standing question in biology is whether multipotent somatic stem and progenitor cells (SSPCs) feature molecular properties that could guide their system‐independent identification. Population‐based transcriptomic studies have so far not been able to provide a definite answer, given the rarity and heterogeneous nature of these cells. Here, we exploited the resolving power of single‐cell RNA‐sequencing to develop a computational model that is able to accurately distinguish SSPCs from differentiated cells across tissues. The resulting classifier is based on the combined expression of 23 genes including known players in multipotency, proliferation, and tumorigenesis, as well as novel ones, such as Lcp1 and Vgll4 that we functionally validate in intestinal organoids. We show how this approach enables the identification of stem‐like cells in still ambiguous systems such as the pancreas and the epidermis as well as the exploration of lineage commitment hierarchies, thus facilitating the study of biological processes such as cellular differentiation, tissue regeneration, and cancer. Stem Cells 2017;35:2390–2402
Validación del cuestionario de calidad de vida (WHOQOL-BREF) en adultos mayores chilenos

Background: The WHOQOL-BREF is a generic questionnaire to measure quality of life created by the Study Group on Quality of Life of the World Health Organization. Aim: To adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the WHOQOL-BREF instrument in a group of Chilean older subjects living in Metropolitan Santiago. Material and Methods: A linguistic-cultural adaptation of the Spanish version of the WHOQOL-BREF was performed and tested in a pilot study. Subsequently, the modified scale was applied to a group of 1186 older women aged 72 ± 8 years and 334 men aged 72 ± 7 years. The psychometric properties such as internal consistency, item-total correlation of responses, and construct validity were evaluated. A confirmatory factor analysis was done to check if the dimensions described in the original version, were evaluated. Analyses were performed with STA-TA statistical software 10.0 and LISREL 8.50. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the dimensionsphysical health, psychological, social relationships and environment, described by the authors in their original description, were maintained. The instrument had a good internal consistency with a Cronbach alpha of 0.88 for the total scale and rangingfrom 0.70 to 0.79 in each of the dimensions. Conclusions: The evaluated version of the WHOQOL-BREF has an acceptable reliability and validity, and suggests that it is suitable for the assessment of Quality of Life in elderly people in Chile.
Confining Light to Deep Subwavelength Dimensions to Enable Optical Nanopatterning

Subwavelength Patterning Microscopists have recently achieved fluorescence imaging at subwavelength resolution by focusing one beam of light in a halo around another beam, thereby quenching the glow of fluorescent dyes in all but the very center of the illuminated spot. Three studies have now adapted this approach to photolithography (see the Perspective by Perry). Andrew et al. (p. 917, published online 9 April) coated a photo-resist with molecules that, upon absorbing the ultraviolet etching beam, isomerized to a transparent layer but returned to the initially opaque form upon absorption of visible light. Applying an interference pattern with ultraviolet peaks superimposed on visible nodes restricted etching to narrow regions in the center of these nodes, yielding lines of subwavelength width. Scott et al. (p. 913, published online 9 April) used a central beam to activate polymerization initiators, while using a halo-shaped surrounding beam to trigger inhibitors that would halt polymerization. Li et al. (p. 910, published online 9 April) found that use of a different initiator molecule allowed both beams to share the same wavelength (800 nanometers), with a relatively weak quenching beam lagging a highly intense initiating beam slightly in time. Both the latter techniques produced three-dimensional features honed to subwavelength dimensions. Molecules that photoisomerize and change in transparency are used to define narrow features on photoresists. In the past, the formation of microscale patterns in the far field by light has been diffractively limited in resolution to roughly half the wavelength of the radiation used. Here, we demonstrate lines with an average width of 36 nanometers (nm), about one-tenth the illuminating wavelength λ1 = 325 nm, made by applying a film of thermally stable photochromic molecules above the photoresist. Simultaneous irradiation of a second wavelength, λ2 = 633 nm, renders the film opaque to the writing beam except at nodal sites, which let through a spatially constrained segment of incident λ1 light, allowing subdiffractional patterning. The same experiment also demonstrates a patterning of periodic lines whose widths are about one-tenth their period, which is far smaller than what has been thought to be lithographically possible.
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Interventions to Improve Control of High Blood Pressure in Low Resource Settings: The Case ofNigeria

Objectives:Prevalence of hypertension is on the rise in most African countries while control remains poor. In the literature, there are effective interventions which could be implemented in hospitals of low r esource setting such as Nigeria to improve control of blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the cost -effectiveness of three of such interventions namely: self -monitoring; health professional led care; and organization driven care interventions. Methods: A Markov model was used to represent a life cycle of Nigerian hypertensive female patients in low risk of having a cardiovascular event. Health care costs were obtained from existing databases and calibrated to Nigerian setting or derived through a cost analysis using a Nigerian hospital. Costs were presented in 2013 US dollars value. Uncertainties in the input parameters used in the analyses were captured using distributions appropriate for each parameter. Probabilistic cost -effectiveness analysis was performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation, and presented as cost
Research and development at novel GmbH, Germany for prosthetics and paraplegics

Pressure distribution measurement offers an objective and quantifiable method of determining the loads applied to the human body during static and dynamic situations such as walking and the more demanding tasks associated with sporting activities. While there are various systems available on the market, the technology and developments offered by novel (novel.de) a company based in Munich, Germany are regarded as innovative. The intent of this article is to outline the development of novel’s pressure measurement technology and explore how the pliance® system can assist in determining an optimal fit of a prosthesis in an athlete. The discussion also focuses on the introduction of a new Elastisens® technology of the novel sensor pads to enable analysis of very contoured surfaces. Key pressure parameters for determining optimal performance are also explored; however, clinicians and researchers are guided to acknowledging the need to direct and perform their analysis within context – in other words, the analysis must be hypothesis driven. Clinical relevance Pressure measurement analysis can play an important role in clinical assessment and various treatment modalities. As technology increases, so does the ability of pressure systems. Clinicians should be cognisant of evolving technology such as Elastisens®, which can aid in prosthetic and wheelchair assessment.
Cre Recombination‐Mediated Cassette Exchange for Building Versatile Transgenic Human Embryonic Stem Cells Lines

To circumvent the silencing effect of transgene expression in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), we employed the Cre recombination‐mediated cassette exchange strategy to target the silencing‐resistant site in the genome. We have identified new loci that sustain transgene expression during stem cell expansion and differentiation to cells representing the three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. The built‐in double loxP cassette in the established master hESC lines was specifically replaced by a targeting vector containing the same loxP sites, using the cell‐permeable Cre protein transduction method, resulting in successful generation of new hESC lines with constitutive functional gene expression, inducible transgene expression, and lineage‐specific reporter gene expression. This strategy and the master cell lines allow for rapid production of transgenic hESC lines in ordinary laboratories. Stem Cells 2009;27:1032–1041
Swedish Bachelor of Science in Diagnostic Radiology Nursing. A Curriculum Study

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe and analyse what characterise curricula and syllabi in diagnostic radiology nursing programs in Sweden after the implementation of the Bologna process. Background: Significant changes in diagnostic radiology nursing educations and in radiographers' clinical work have occurred during the last years in Sweden. Method: Curricula and syllabi documents were collected and used to analyse data at eight universities and university colleges. Content analysis was used. Findings: The findings show that the mix of theoretical, clinical studies, grades, elective studies, content and scope between subjects, vary among programs. In most programs, the major subject is described as multidisciplinary, closely linked to nursing and medicine, and the majority of other subjects are integrated into the major subjects. The average degree of clinical study is 30 %, which means that theoretical study cover 70 % of the programs as a whole. Conclusion: The steering policy documents differ in terms of major subjects, content, structure, grades as well as integrated and collective codes between diagnostic radiology nursing programs in Sweden. Whether newly educated radiographers are professionally and academically skilled for their coming profession is a matter of further research.
Developments in Liaison and Dialogue Interpreting: from Insights of Practitioners towards Prospective Training?

Interpreting in Estonia has undergone many important changes in the past 20 years. The society and the interpreting market have witnessed an essential makeover and the areas where interpreting is needed have grown from the once often state-controlled political and conference interpreting to include different varieties typical of a modern open society. Although the attention in training has tended to focus on conference interpreting, awareness of dialogue interpreting and the role implications of interpreters is rising both among interpreters and clients. An urge for organising liaison and dialogue interpreter training has been indicated by practitioners in the field as well as clients, and has been documented by research cf. [1-7]. The training and professionalisation of liaison and dialogue interpreters, however, are currently still in an embryonic state. Nevertheless, research has been able to contribute to the development of practices, in many cases constituting thus a positive example of “action research”. In the article below, we analyse the relevant on-going processes and developments in the field through the results in recent research. The main focus will be on the interpreters’ role.
Increasing Defect Coverage by Generating Test Vectors for Stuck-Open Faults

Defects in the modern LSIs manufactured by the deep-submicron technologies are known to cause complex faulty phenomena. Testing by targeting only stuck-at or bridging faults is no longer sufficient. Yet, increasing defect coverage is even more important. A stuck-open fault model considers transistor level defects, many of which are not covered by a stuck-at fault model. Further, test vectors for stuck-open faults also have the ability to detect the defects modeled by delay faults. This paper presents test generation methods for stuck-open faults using stuck-at test vectors and stuck-at test generation tools. The resultant test vectors achieve high coverage of stuck open faults while maintaining the original stuck-at fault coverage, thus offering the benefit of potential better defect coverage. We consider two types of test application mechanisms, namely launch on capture test and enhanced scan test. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is established by experimental results for benchmark circuits.
Conditional Mutagenesis in Drosophila

Most genes function at multiple stages of metazoan development, in dividing and nondividing cells. Generating mouse conditional knock-outs (cKO), where a gene can be eliminated in a temporally and spatially controlled manner, is a valuable technique because it allows study of gene function at any stage of life. In contrast and despite the development of many other powerful genetic tools, cKO has thus far been lacking in Drosophila. We combined several recent molecular and genetic technical advances in an approach termed integrase-mediated approach for gene knock-out (IMAGO). IMAGO allows the replacement of any genomic sequence, such as a gene, with another desired sequence, including cKO alleles that can be used to create positively marked mutant cells. IMAGO should also be applicable to other genetic model organisms.
Outage probability analysis of amplify-and-forward two-hop multiple-access channel with interference-limited destination

The outage performance of an amplify-and-forward two-hop multiple-access channel is studied for the interference-limited environment Assuming that the destination encounters distinct-power co-channel interference, the exact integral-form expression of the outage probability is firstly derived. To decrease the computation complexity, an approximation of the outage probability is then derived in closed form. Numerical results demonstrate that the approximation fits well with the exact results.
Principal component analysis based limited feedback scheme for massive MIMO systems

In multiuser MIMO systems, the required feedback rate per user increases linearly with the number of transmit antennas in order to achieve full multiplexing gain. When it comes to massive MIMO systems, the feedback overhead grows unacceptable. This motivates us to explore a novel feedback reduction scheme based on principal component analysis (PCA). The proposed PCA based feedback scheme exploits the spatial correlation characteristics of massive MIMO channel model, since transmit antennas are deployed compactly at base station (BS). In the proposed scheme, mobile station (MS) utilizes compression matrix to compress spatially correlated high-dimensional channel state information (CSI) into low-dimensional one. Then the compressed low-dimensional CSI is fed back to BS instantaneously with reduced feedback overhead and codebook search complexity. The compression matrix is attained by operating PCA on CSI which is estimated over a long-term period by MS. In order to recover high-dimensional CSI at BS, compression matrix is refreshed and fed back from MS to BS every long-term period. Numerical results and feedback overhead analysis show that the proposed PCA based feedback scheme can offer a tradeoff between system performance and feedback overhead.
The Interactive Domain Model of Best Practices in Health Promotion: Developing and Implementing a Best Practices Approach to Health Promotion

This paper discusses issues associated with taking a best practices approach to health promotion including determining factors, implementation, and implications for practitioners and policy makers. We suggest that health promotion effectiveness will be increased through adoption of a systematic and critically reflective approach to practice—one which considers all major factors affecting practice and is consciously guided by health promotion values and goals, theories and beliefs, evidence, and understanding of the environment. To help practitioners develop and implement best practices, we outline our Inter-active Domain Model of Best Practices in Health Promotion, the IDM Operational Framework, and a set of best practices criteria. The conceptual model, framework, and criteria are based on three domains (i.e., underpinnings, understanding of the environment, and practice) and related subdomains, all of which interact with each other within the context of the immediate and broader environments.
Preseason Fitness Testing in National Collegiate Athletic Association Soccer

THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO PROVIDE THE STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROFESSIONAL WITH THE INFORMATION TO EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENT A BATTERY OF SOCCER-SPECIFIC FITNESS TESTS DURING THE NATIONAL COLLEGIATE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION SOCCER PRESEASON PERIOD, YIELDING A DETAILED AND APPROPRIATE PHYSICAL EVALUATION OF THE ATHLETE. RATIONALE FOR THE CHOICE OF TESTS, DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF EACH TEST, A TIMELINE FOR IMPLEMENTATION, AND REASONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION WILL BE DISCUSSED.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem‐Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) Cells Exhibit Ion Transport, Membrane Potential, Polarized Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Secretion, and Gene Expression Pattern Similar to Native RPE

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major causes of blindness in aging population that progresses with death of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor degeneration inducing impairment of central vision. Discovery of human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells has opened new avenues for the treatment of degenerative diseases using patient‐specific stem cells to generate tissues and cells for autologous cell‐based therapy. Recently, RPE cells were generated from hiPS cells. However, there is no evidence that those hiPS‐derived RPE possess specific RPE functions that fully distinguish them from other types of cells. Here, we show for the first time that RPE generated from hiPS cells under defined conditions exhibit ion transport, membrane potential, polarized vascular endothelial growth factor secretion, and gene expression profile similar to those of native RPE. The hiPS‐RPE could therefore be a very good candidate for RPE replacement therapy in AMD. However, these cells show rapid telomere shortening, DNA chromosomal damage, and increased p21 expression that cause cell growth arrest. This rapid senescence might affect the survival of the transplanted cells in vivo and therefore, only the very early passages should be used for regeneration therapies. Future research needs to focus on the generation of “safe” as well as viable hiPS‐derived somatic cells. STEM CELLS 2011;29:825–835
Does the calendar method enhance drug use reporting among Portland arrestees?

While a plethora of research has ascertained that respondents under‐report their recent use of illicit drugs, few studies have attempted to improve the validity of self‐reported drug use. The Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program is a federally funded drug use surveillance system that has been collecting data from arrestees since 1987. In 2000, the ADAM Program fielded a new data collection instrument that uses a calendar method to enhance the reporting of personal drug use. To date, however, no research has assessed the degree to which this calendar method has improved drug use reporting among ADAM arrestees. To address this limitation, urinalysis results and 30‐day self‐report measures for marijuana, crack cocaine, powder cocaine, and heroin use collected in Portland in 1999 are compared to identical drug use measures collected in 2000. In addition, kappa statistics for marijuana, crack cocaine, powder cocaine, and heroin use are generated for each of the two time frames. Results indicate that, despite virtually identical drug‐positive rates within the two samples of arrestees, the introduction of the calendar method in 2000 had no significant effect on the reporting of recent marijuana, crack cocaine, powder cocaine, and heroin use. Implications for the ADAM Program and survey methodology are discussed.
Primary human herpesvirus‐6 associated with an afebrile seizure in a 3‐week‐old infant

We describe a 3‐week‐old male infant with an afebrile seizure in whom serologic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) findings support concomitant primary human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) infection. Although HHV‐6 infection has been associated with first‐time febrile seizures and encephalitis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts, it has not been associated previously with afebrile seizures in healthy infants. This report provides additional evidence of the neuropathogenic potential of HHV‐6. J. Med. Virol. 66:384‐387, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Breast tumor classification based on deep convolutional neural networks

This paper presents a novel deep learning approach focused on the classification of tumors in mammograms as malignant or benign. It is a modern machine learning method which promises to create models that learn from large dataset and make accurate predictions. In this study, we propose a discriminative objective for supervised feature learning by training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Choosing CNN involves input image with a fixed-length and as a consequence, we equip our networks with a scaling process based on Gaussian pyramids for obtaining regions of interest with normalized size. The dataset used in this research is augmented with applying the geometric transformation techniques in order to prevent overfitting and create a robust deep learning model. We perform classification with Softmax layer. It is used to train CNN for classification. We evaluate our methodology on both of the publicly available dataset DDSM and BCDR. In comparison with the current state-of-the-art methods, the experiments show that our proposed system provides good results, achieving high accuracy of 97.28% that will assist radiologists in making diagnostic decisions without increasing false negatives.