Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability Evaluation for Distribution System With Renewable Distributed Generation During Islanded Mode of Operation

Keen interest in the development and utilization of wind-based distributed generations (DGs) has been currently observed worldwide for several reasons. Among those is controlling the emission of environmentally harmful substances, limiting the growth in energy costs associated with the use of conventional energy sources and encouraging the independent power producers for participation in the electricity market system. One of the most important issues is to quantitatively assess the impact of such type of DGs on the distribution system reliability. This paper presents a probabilistic technique to evaluate the distribution system reliability utilizing segmentation concept and a novel constrained Grey predictor technique for wind speed profile estimation.
Superior Potential of CD34-Positive Cells Compared to Total Mononuclear Cells for Healing of Nonunion following Bone Fracture

We recently demonstrated that the local transplantation of human peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ cells, an endothelial/hematopoietic progenitor cell-rich population, contributes to fracture repair via vasculogenesis/angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Human PB mononuclear cells (MNCs) are also considered a potential cell fraction for neovascularization. We have previously shown the feasibility of human PB MNCs to enhance fracture healing. However, there is no report directly comparing the efficacy for fracture repair between CD34+ cells and MNCs. In addition, an unhealing fracture model, which does not accurately resemble a clinical setting, was used in our previous studies. To overcome these issues, we compared the capacity of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized PB (GM-PB) CD34+ cells and human GM-PB MNCs in a nonunion model, which more closely resembles a clinical setting. First, the effect of local transplantation of 1 × 105 GM-PB CD34+ cells (CD34+ group), 1 × 107 GM-PB MNCs (containing approximately 1 × 105 GM-PB CD34+ cells) (MNC group), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (PBS group) on nonunion healing was compared. Similar augmentation of blood flow recovery at perinonunion sites was observed in the CD34+ and MNC groups. Meanwhile, a superior effect on nonunion repair was revealed by radiological, histological, and functional assessment in the CD34+ group compared with the other groups. Moreover, through in vivo and in vitro experiments, excessive inflammation induced by GM-PB MNCs was confirmed and believed to be one of the mechanisms underlying this potency difference. These results strongly suggest that local transplantation of GM-PB CD34+ cells is a practical and effective strategy for treatment of nonunion after fracture.
Autonomic Nervous System Factors Underlying Anxiety in Virtual Environments: A Regression Model for Cybersickness

The ability to predict whether people will experience anxiety is important for recruitment and selection in highly-stressful professions. Using a Virtual Reality Environment (VRE) can provide a tool to predict whether a person will experience anxiety. This paper reports several regression models which suggest observed and self-reported measures of anxiety during and after immersion in a VRE can be used to predict an individual’s anxiety response to a simulated stressful environment. We found that respiration was a poor predictor of anxiety, but that cardiac activity accounted for around 39% of variance in self-reported anxiety responses using a four point scale. In contrast, responses from the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) accounted for 98% of variance in anxiety responses. However, only four out of eighteen measures in the SSQ made a significant contribution to the model. The implication for predicting an individual’s anxiety responses using self-report or physiological measures is discussed.
Salient building detection in natural image using SVM

This paper present a novel algorithm via support vector machine to detect the salient buildings whose height and many features make them stand out. Two-level Haar wavelet decomposition is implemented on the image to enhance the building candidates. And then the desired regions are separated from the background. A set of structure features is proposed to capture the generic statistic properties of the salient building using Sobel operator. The proposed approach has been tested on many real examples with good results.
Cellular biochemistry methods for investigating protein tyrosine phosphatases.

SIGNIFICANCE The protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a family of proteins that play critical roles in cellular signaling and influence many aspects of human health and disease. Although a wealth of information has been collected about PTPs since their discovery, many questions regarding their regulation and function still remain. CRITICAL ISSUES Of particular importance are the elucidation of the biological substrates of individual PTPs and understanding of the chemical and biological basis for temporal and spatial resolution of PTP activity within a cell. RECENT ADVANCES Drawing from recent advances in both biology and chemistry, innovative approaches have been developed to study the intracellular biochemistry and physiology of PTPs. We provide a summary of PTP-tailored techniques and approaches, emphasizing methodologies to study PTP activity within a cellular context. We first provide a discussion of methods for identifying PTP substrates, including substrate-trapping mutants and synthetic peptide libraries for substrate selectivity profiling. We next provide an overview of approaches for monitoring intracellular PTP activity, including a discussion of mechanistic-based probes, gel-based assays, substrates that can be used intracellularly, and assays tied to cell growth. Finally, we review approaches used for monitoring PTP oxidation, a key regulatory pathway for these enzymes, discussing the biotin switch method and variants of this approach, along with affinity trapping techniques and probes designed to detect PTP oxidation. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further development of approaches to investigate the intracellular PTP activity and functions will provide specific insight into their mechanisms of action and control of diverse signaling pathways.
45 PSYCHOSIS IN CHILDHOOD AND ITS MANAGEMENT

The appearance of psychotic symptoms in childhood, albeit rare, is an important clinical entity. This importance extends beyond their clinical prevalence and has begun to influence our understanding of the principal psychotic conditions. The term psychosis is generally categoric and includes subgroups within it. It is clear that the peak onset of the most common psychotic disorders, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, is in adolescence (1,2). This points directly toward developmental events in biological, social, and psychological domains of late childhood and adolescence that set the stage for activating psychotic disorders. However, in addition, it appears increasingly likely that certain early childhood characteristics and developmental deficits may presage psychosis and are related to the outcome of psychotic disorders. For the purposes of this chapter, psychosis is defined as the presence of disruptions in thinking, accompanied by delusions or hallucinations, along with an alteration in the thought processes, termed a thought disorder.Delusions and hallucinations are considered to be positive psychotic symptoms. Delusions are fixed, false, idiosyncratic beliefs that the child cannot be deterred from, with logical reasoning, whereas hallucinations are percepts that arise in the absence of external sensory stimulus. Psychotic symptoms always encompass a broad range of conditions, but it is particularly so when they appear in children and adolescents. Psychotic symptoms in children present distinctive diagnostic and clinical challenges because of the powerful influences of immaturity and the moving target produced by development. Although there may at one time have been confusion about whether children are capable of having psychotic
ERK Plays a Role in Chromosome Alignment and Participates in M‐Phase Progression

Cell division, a prerequisite for cell proliferation, is a process in which each daughter cell inherits one complete set of chromosomes. The mitotic spindle is a dedicated apparatus for the alignment and segregation of chromosomes. Extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 plays crucial roles in cell cycle progression, particularly during M‐phase. Although, association with the mitotic spindle has been reported, the precise roles played by ERK in the dynamics of the mitotic spindle and in M‐phase progression remain to be elucidated. In this study, we used MEK inhibitors U0126 and GSK1120212 to dissect the roles of ERK in M‐phase progression and chromosome alignment. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that ERK is localized to the spindle microtubules in a manner independent of Src kinase, which is one of the kinases upstream of ERK at mitotic entry. ERK inhibition induces an increase in the number of prophase cells and a decrease in the number of anaphase cells. Time‐lapse imaging revealed that ERK inhibition perturbs chromosome alignment, thereby preventing cells from entering anaphase. These results suggest that ERK plays a role in M‐phase progression by regulating chromosome alignment and demonstrate one of the mechanisms by which the aberration of ERK signaling may produce cancer cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1340–1351, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ANTI- INFLAMMATORY AND ANTINOCICEPTIVE ACTIVITY OF Pterospermum acerifolium LEAVES

Pterospermum acerifolium (L) Willd (Family: Sterculiaceae) has long been used traditionally for the treatment of painful inflammatory conditions in the Indian folk medicine. Objective: In the present study we have evaluated antinociceptive effects and anti-inflammatory effects of unsaponified petroleum ether extract of Pterospermum acerifolium leaves (USPEL, 100 and 200 mg/kg orally) and isolated β-sitosterol (10 and 20 mg/kg) from the leaves. USPEL and β-sitosterol are evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats and analgesic activity in acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate and formalin induced paw licking models in mice. USPEL (200mg/kg) and β-sitosterol (20mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the writhing response 71.95%, 60.84% respectively. In hot plate method USPEL and β-sitosterol showed highest increase in reaction time which is comparable to the standard pentazocin. The USPEL significantly (p<0.05) and in dose dependent manner decreased the time spent on licking in both the first and second phases in formalin-induced nociception in mice. USPEL and β-sitosterol significantly (p<0.05) reduced the carrageenan induced rat paw edema in a dose dependent manner. These findings demonstrate that other constituents alongwith β-sitosterol may be responsible for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of USPEL.
Corticospinal excitability in human sleep as assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation

The excitability of the corticospinal system was studied in 23 healthy subjects in sleep stages NREM2, NREM4, REM, and wakefulness using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Assessment of motor thresholds, stimulus-response curves, and latencies of motor evoked potentials shows activation of the fast-conducting corticospinal fibers in all sleep stages and a neuronal recruitment pattern similar to wakefulness, however, at a lower level of excitability and with significant differences between sleep stages.
Determination of tetracycline in environmental water samples at a graphite-polyurethane composite electrode

A bare graphite-polyurethane composite was evaluated in the tetracycline (TC) determination in natural water samples. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), a linear response was observed in the range of 4.00-40.0 µmol L-1 with limit of detection of 2.80 µmol L-1, without the need of surface renewing between successive runs. During the tetracycline determination in water samples, recoveries between 92.6 and 100% were found. The results for TC determination in water samples after a pre-concentration stage agreed with spiked value at a 95% confidence level according to student t-test.
Accurate delineation of biogeographical regions depends on the use of an appropriate distance measure

The use of analytical techniques to delineate biogeographical regions is becoming increasingly popular. One recent example, Heikinheimo et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2007, 34, 1053–1064 ), applied the k‐means clustering algorithm to define the biogeography of the European land mammal fauna. However, they used the Euclidean distance measure to cluster grid cells described by species‐occurrence data, which is inappropriate. The Euclidian distance yields misleading results when applied to species‐occurrence data because of the double‐zero problem and the species‐abundance paradox. We repeat their analysis using the Hellinger distance, a measure appropriate for species‐occurrence data and which has been shown to outperform other such measures. Our results differ substantially from those presented by Heikinheimo et al. We argue that the rigorous application of appropriate statistical techniques is of crucial concern within conservation biogeography.
Molecular genetic aspects of human pyruvate dehydrogenase and its defect.

Genomic clones encompassing the entire genes for the human pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha and beta subunits (PDH alpha or beta) have been isolated by screening the leukocyte genomic libraries with a nick-translated human foreskin fibroblast PDH alpha or beta cDNA probe. These genomic clones were characterized by restriction enzyme analysis. extensive DNA sequencing and primer extension analysis. The PDH alpha gene spans 17.08 kilobases and is composed of 11 exons and 10 introns within its coding region. The 18-kilobase clone of PDH beta gene is composed of 10 exons and 9 introns. All intron-exon splice junctions of two genes follow the GT/AG rule. A total of seven Alu repeats in the PDH alpha gene were found in five introns and two Alu family in the PDH beta gene were found in intron 2 and 8. The 5'-flanking region of the PDH alpha gene contains typical CCAAT and TATA-like consensus promoter sequence and two Sp1 binding sequences. That of the PDH beta gene contains a TCAAT sequence but no TATA sequence. Primer extension analyses indicated that the PDH alpha and beta genes transcription start sites are thymine and adenine residues located 124 and 132 bases upstream from initiation codon in exon 1, respectively. Genomic DNA of patient, died 93 hours after birth with acidemia and defect of PDH activity, was isolated and all of the exons of PDH alpha and beta genes were amplified by PCR. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Performance of TH-PPM ultra wideband systems in multi-user environments

This paper presents a performance of the UWB system in a time hopping binary pulse position ultra-wideband modulation scheme (TH BPPM-UWB) in the presence of an AWGN channel. This performance was illustrated using an analytical method based on the evaluation of the bit error probability versus signal to noise ratio(SNR). We have extend the method used in a one user environment to the multi-user environments and finally a comparison was made between both.
Evaluation of Some Aquatic Plants from Bangladesh through Mineral Composition, In Vitro Gas Production and In Situ Degradation Measurements

A study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive potential value of different aquatic plants: duckweed (Lemna trisulaca), duckweed (Lemna perpusila), azolla (Azolla pinnata) and water-hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) from Bangladesh. A wide variability in protein, mineral composition, gas production, microbial protein synthesis, rumen degradable nitrogen and in situ dry matter and crude protein degradability were recorded among species. Crude protein content ranged from 139 to 330 g/kg dry matter (DM). All species were relatively high in Ca, P, Na, content and very rich in K, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cu and Zn concentration. The rate of gas production was highest in azolla and lowest in water-hyacinth. A similar trend was observed with in situ DM degradability. Crude protein degradability was highest in duckweed. Microbial protein formation at 24 h incubation ranged from 38.6-47.2 mg and in vitro rumen degradable nitrogen between 31.5 and 48.4%. Based on the present findings it is concluded that aquatic species have potential as supplementary diet to livestock.
Practical and conceptual issues in the use of agent-based modelling for disaster management

Application of agent-based modelling technology (ABM) to disaster management has to date been limited in nature. Existing research has concentrated on extending the model structures and agent architectures of complex algorithms to test robustness and extensibility of this simulation approach. Less attention has been brought to bear on testing the current state-of-the-art in ABM for modelling real-life systems. This thesis aims to take first steps in remedying this gap. It focuses on identifying the practical and conceptual issues which preclude wider utilisation of ABM in disaster management. It identifies that insufficient attention is put on incorporating real-life information and domain knowledge into model definitions. This research first proposes a methodology by which some of these issues may be overcome, and consequently tests and evaluates it through implementation of InSiM (Incident Simulation Model), which depicts reaction of pedestrians to a CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear) explosion in a city centre. A number of steps are conducted to obtain real-life information related to human response to CBRN incidents. This information is then used for design and parameterisation of InSiM which is implemented in three configurations. In order to identify the effects use of real-life data have on the simulation results each configuration incorporates the information at different level of complexity. The effects are assessed by comparison of the generated dispersion patterns of agents along the city centre. However, use of conventional statistical goodness-of-fit tests for assessing the degree of the difference was challenged by inhomogeneous nature of the data. Hence, alternative approaches are also adopted so that results can be qualitatively assessed. Nevertheless, the evaluation reveals significant differences at global and local level. This research highlights that incorporation of real-life information and domain knowledge into ABM is not without problems. Each time a problem was addressed, additional issues began to emerge. Most of these challenges were related to generalisation of the complex real-life systems that the model represents. Therefore, further investigations are needed at every methodological step before ABM can fully realise its potential to support disaster management.
GA-P BASED MODELING OF NONLINEAR DYNAMIC SYSTEMS

Abstract Model construction is usually guided by a trial-error process, where each iteration is divided into two steps: (i) physical modeling and (ii) identification. Genetic programming has been applied to automate this process in different ways. One of the most complete approaches is the described in project SMOG, where a set of model structures is evolved, being the set of parameters of each model optimized by means of classical methods. In this paper, a GA-P algorithm (a hybrid between genetic algorithms and genetic programming) is applied to the task permitting the evolution in parallel of model structures and parameters.
Issues in Association Analysis: Error Control in Case-Control Association Studies for Disease Gene Discovery

Several sources of errors are discussed. While genotyping errors have little effect on power in case-control association studies, they tend to strongly increase false positive results in TDT type tests unless occurrence of errors is allowed for in the analysis (e.g., TDTae test). Disregarding non-genetic risk factors is shown to lead to a form of hidden heterogeneity, which can strongly reduce power. Stratification of data into more homogeneous subgroups is advocated as a simple solution to allowing for non-genetic risk factors such as socio-economic status and food preferences.
Kinase in Eotaxin Signaling of Eosinophils Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Forming Protein The Functional Role of Rho and

The CC chemokine eotaxin plays a pivotal role in local accumulation of eosinophils. Very little is known about the eotaxin signaling in eosinophils except the activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family. The p21 G protein Rho and its substrate Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) regulate the formation of stress ﬁbers and focal adhesions. In the present study, we studied the functional relevance of Rho and ROCK in eosinophils using the ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) and exoenzyme C3, a speciﬁc Rho inhibitor. Eotaxin stimulates activation of Rho A and ROCK II in eosinophils. Exoenzyme C3 almost completely inhibited the ROCK activity, indicating that ROCK is downstream of Rho. We then examined the role of Rho and ROCK in eosinophil chemotaxis. The eotaxin-induced eosinophil chemotaxis was signiﬁcantly inhibited by exoenzyme C3 or Y-27632. Because extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38 MAP kinases are activated by eotaxin and are critical for eosinophil chemotaxis, we investigated whether Rho and ROCK are upstream of these MAP kinases. C3 partially inhibited eotaxin-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but not p38. In contrast, neither ERK1/2 nor p38 phosphorylation was abrogated by Y-27632. Both C3 and Y-27632 reduced reactive oxygen species production from eosinophils. We conclude that both Rho and ROCK are important for eosinophil chemotaxis and reactive oxygen species production. There is a dichotomy of downstream signaling pathways of Rho, namely, Rho-ROCK and Rho-ERK pathways. Taken together, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase- (cid:3) -protein tyrosine kinase-Ras-Raf-1 pathway. Although the upstream signal of p38 is unclear, Rac and PAK may be the candidates. Eotaxin is known to induce Ca 2 (cid:1) inﬂux in eosinophils (24, 25). Classical calcium signaling pathway involves myosin L chain kinase activation by calcium-calmodulin complex leading to rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton. The Ca ionophore-induced ROS generation was inhibited by exoen- zyme C3 (Fig. 6 A ). It suggests that Rho is possibly downstream of calcium signals, which is consistent with another report (21). There is a dichotomy of Rho, namely, the Rho-ROCK (Fig. 2 A ) and the Rho-ERK (Fig. 4 A ) pathways.
SATS: An Ultra-Low Power Time Synchronization for Solar Energy Harvesting WSNs

Reliable and ultra-low power time synchronization becomes more and more important with the popularity of energy harvesting sensor nodes. This paper proposes an untethered and probabilistic ultra-lower power time synchronization method for energy intermittent sensor network. It avoids the frequent RF communications with the assistance of a solar clock. The SATS system consists of two main parts: the synchronizer, a low power solar clock module for time synchronization, and the S3-Mapping, an offline sequence matching algorithm. Furthermore, we develop an improved version of S3-Mapping, which reduces the computation complexity from exponential to linear using the redundancy models and the onion peeling method. The SATS system is validated by both simulations and a prototype, which shows that the second level synchronization precision can be achieved under reasonable probability. What's more, the energy consumption of time synchronization is reduced by over 1 ~ 2 magnitudes compared with the up-to-date low power time synchronization protocol.