Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of MgSO 4 nutrition on Theobroma cacao L. susceptibility to Phytophthora megakarya infection

Minyaka E. , Madina Banen C.V. , Kusznierewicz B. , Doungous O. , Haouni S. , Hawadak J., Niemenak N. , Omokolo D.N. (2018): Effect of MgSO 4 nutrition on Theobroma cacao susceptibility to Phytophthora megakarya infection. Plant Protect. Sci., 54: 74–82. A new strategy to reduce the severity of black pod disease (BPD) in T . cacao plants using MgSO 4 nutrition was investigated. The dynamics of the tolerance to BPD of 18 susceptible T . cacao plantlets coming from the cross ( ♀ SNK64 × ♂ UPA14) was monitored during weekly (8 weeks) supply of MgSO 4 into the soil. Prior to MgSO 4 application, disease scores of the 18 plantlets (in six sets of three plantlets per set) were varying between 3.5 (susceptible) and 5 (highly susceptible). After MgSO 4 application, a substantial decrease in disease scores was observed compared to the control. The percentage of disease tolerance gain of plantlets versus MgSO 4 supplied (0–2.96 g) presented a quasi-hyperbolic curve with asymptotic line corresponding to 60% (day 28) and 70% (day 56). Cysteine content was not significantly different between the six triplets before MgSO 4 nutrition. On days 28 and 56 of MgSO 4 supplementation, cysteine content presented a pattern similar to the tolerance gain of plantlet sets. The monitoring of glutathione content versus MgSO 4 supplementation (compared to day 0) showed sigmoid (day 28) and hyperbolic (day 56) curves which were associated with defined mathematical laws determined by MALAB software. Negative and highly significant correlations were observed between disease scores, cysteine and glutathione contents in leaves while positive and highly significant correlations were observed between cysteine and glutathione contents in leaves. These data might mean that MgSO 4 nutrition significantly improved the tolerance of T . cacao . The mechanism of tolerance improvement might be associated with the synthesis of sulphur-containing compounds (cysteine and glutathione) which might be directly or indirectly used by T . cacao against P. megakarya .
Retrograde fiberoptic intubation

Tel: +98-21-84902473 Fax: +98-21-84902473 Email: aj-abbasi@Tums.sc. ir This technical note aims to introduce a new approach for intubation of patients with restricted mouth opening in cases that conventional and fiberoptic-assisted endotracheal intubation are not possible. The proposed technique is a modification to the previously well-established retrograde intubation method. The main advantage of this new technique is the employment of fiberscope for direct visualization which eliminates the use of guide wire. The endotracheal tube enters through the nostril and is railroaded using the fiberscope as a guide. Using this new technique can prevent the complications of tracheostomy and the traditional retrograde intubation in patients that anterograde intubation is not feasible. The promising result of conducting the intubation with this approach can be considered the basis for future clinical investigation.
End-Fire CP Millimeter-Wave Antenna Loaded with Perforated Dielectric Slab

An end-fire CP (Circularly-Polarized) antenna is presented in this paper for millimeter-wave applications. It is composed of a VP (Vertically-Polarized) magnetic dipole and a HP (Horizontally-Polarized) printed dipole. The open end of the feeding SIW (Substrate Integrated Waveguide) is employed to work as the VP magnetic dipole. Besides, the electric dipole is realized by a pair of bow-tie dipole. In order to enhance the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of the proposed antenna, a perforated dielectric slab is loaded in front of the SIW structure and the bow-tie dipole is constructed on the top and the bottom of this slab. It is shown that the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is about 10.6% (the center frequency is 47 GHz), from the simulation results.
Approximating W projection as a separable kernel

W projection is a commonly-used approach to allow interferometric imaging to be accelerated by Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs), but it can require a huge amount of storage for convolution kernels. The kernels are not separable, but we show that they can be closely approximated by separable kernels. The error scales with the fourth power of the field of view, and so is small enough to be ignored at mid to high frequencies. We also show that hybrid imaging algorithms combining W projection with either faceting, snapshotting, or W stacking allow the error to be made arbitrarily small, making the approximation suitable even for high-resolution wide-field instruments.
Antibacterial Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its Metabolites against Food Borne Pathogens

The nature of fermented products is different from one region to another. This is depending on the local indigenous microflora, which in tur n reflected the climate condition of the area. Mankind has exploited lactic acid bacteria for thousands of years for the production of fermented foods because of their ability to produce desirable changes in taste, flavor and texture as well as inhibit pat hogenic and spoilage microorganism.In this present study, the antibacterial potential of lactic acid bacteria and its metabolites was investigated against food borne pathogens. The lactic acid bacteria are isolated by pour plate method obtained from traditional fermented food products such as Curd, Buttermilk, Cheese and Yoghurt. Four lactic acid bacterial isolates viz.,Lactobacillusacidophilus,Lactobacillusbulgaricus,Streptococcus thermophilusand Pediococcusacidilacticiwere identified. The antimicrobial activityof the purified lactic acid bacterial isolates against pathogenic microorganisms viz.,Vibrio cholerae,Shigella sonnei , Bacillus cereusandStaphylococcus aureuswere performed by AgarWell Diffusion methodand the lactic acid bacterial isolates have the inhibitory activity against bacterial pathogens
How does the corporate bond market value capital investments and accruals?

This paper examines whether the mispricing of accruals documented in equity markets extends to bond markets. The paper finds that corporate bonds of firms with high operating accruals underperform corporate bonds of firms with low operating accruals. In the first year after portfolio formation, the underperformance is 115 basis points using an accrual measure that includes capital investments and 93 basis points using an accrual measure that is based only on working capital investments. The Sharpe ratios of the zero-investment bond accrual portfolios are comparable to those of the corresponding zero-investment stock accrual portfolios. The results are also robust to risk adjustments based on both a factor model consisting of the Fama and French (J. Financial Econ 33 (1993) 3) stock and bond market factors and a characteristics model based on bond ratings and duration. Cross-sectional Fama–MacBeth regressions that use individual bond data and control for stock and bond issuances in addition to ratings and duration also confirm the time-series portfolio findings. Overall, our results reveal an accrual anomaly among bonds similar to that observed among stocks.
Personal Income Distribution And Economic Growth: The Case Of Brazilian Municipalities

Most of the literature regarding the relationship between economic growth and income distribution is related to the developed countries and, especially, to country-level analyses. Little attention has been paid to examining the way in which this relationship operates in emerging economies when a subnational dataset is used. This paper tries to fill this gap in the existing literature by estimating the relationship between personal income distribution and economic growth using a municipal level dataset for the 5565 Brazilian municipalities. To do that, we estimate different growth equations using the municipal Gini coefficient, municipal Theil Index and top 10 percent income share in a municipal level. The econometric results suggest a negative and statistical robust relationship between personal income inequality municipal economic growth.
Zoonotic Importance of Some Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Small Ruminants' Milk and Hands of Dairy Workers

Staphylococcus aureus and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli are among zoonotic bacterial food-borne pathogens causing illness ranged from diarrhoea to fatal conditions. This study was undertaken to evaluate the occurrence of Staph. aureus and E. coli in small ruminants' raw milk and hands of dairy workers at small-scale production units, Giza, Egypt. A total of 420 raw milk samples were obtained from apparently healthy sheep and goats, also, hand swabs (n=46) from workers at the units under investigation were examined. Overall, Staph. aureus (13.1%, 55/420) and E. coli (26.2%, 110/420) isolates were obtained from raw milk of sheep and goats. However, only Staph. aureus (15.2%, 7/46) was recovered from hand swabs of dairy workers. Using PCR, all the tested Staph. aureus isolates from milk and hand swabs yielded specific bands of Thermonuclease ( nuc ) gene at 279 bp, however, amplification of virulence ( eae ) gene encoding the intimin protein of E. coli produced an amplicon of 917 bp in 45% of the tested E. coli isolates. In conclusion, our findings provide an overview about Staph. aureus and E. coli contamination in raw milk of small ruminants locally bred by smallholders and suggest probably transmission of Staph. aureus from hands of dairy workers that contaminate the milk or udder of apparently healthy animals. Reporting of such organisms from milk indicates the need for strict hygienic measures during milking at these production units.
A Multi-Disciplinary Examination of Psycho-Physiological Performance Among Youth and Junior Ball Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review

According to number of players, fans and audience soccer and basketball are among the top three most popular sports on the planet. The number of amateur and professional competitors participating in soccer and basketball are among the highest world-wide. Handball is also an Olympic ball sport with a long history, emerging popularity, specifically in our region, in Europe. Enhancing physical abilities of young athletes in order to maximize performance in adult age is dated back in ancient times. Later, youth-oriented training programs have pointed out the misconception of dealing with adolescents as ‘mini-adults’ [1]. These early concepts have recognized the importance of physical growth and stature in order to deliver any training programs [2]. Since that, technology in sport has been rapidly developing, hightech performance analyzer equipments such as complex spiroergometric devices, high-speed motion capture cameras, computerized cognitive and psychomotor test batteries such as the Vienna Test System (VTS) have revolutionized analysis of sport performance. Team sports, especially ball Review Exercise Medicine Open Access eISSN: 2508-9056
Microstrip-fed Scanned Dipole Antenna Array for 5G Applictions

This paper describes a novel millimeter wave (mm-Wave) microstrip-fed antenna array, designed for beam-scanning, for fifth generation (5G) applications. Unlike microstrip patches or waveguide slots, the array element chosen in the present design is a 3D-dipole, which is excited by using either a single or a balanced microstrip line. The performance characteristics of the proposed design are investigated in the frequency range of 25-30 GHz, and are shown to be very good. The issue of scanning the array without the use of lossy and expensive phase shifters is addressed, and a switcher with one input and 5 outputs (SP5T) based configuration is proposed to achieve the beam scan.
Study on Mental Disorder Detection via Social Media Mining

Traditional mental health studies rely on information collected through personal contact with professional healthcare specialists. Recent work shows the utility of social media data for studying mental disorder. It is supported by the massive usage of social media and the disclosure that social media is a pool of emotion. Study on social media data could potentially complement the traditional technique in its ability to provide natural measurements.We build a corpus of self-declared mental illness diagnosis on Twitter using a source of publicly-available data. This study implements computational linguistic process with linguistic and emotion feature to model the rate of depression in social media data. We propose the features of SenticNet’s four dimensions emotional state of the mind, self-reference, and mental disorder wordcount. The results are shown using a rule-based system to determine the level of depression based on language. We found 1,733 typical words from the depression diagnosed group. This finding is based on the match of Wordnet, SenticNet, Vader, TextBlob, and has been evaluated by synonyms checking. Our proposed method has been successfully identified and then categorized 8105 tweets into 3 levels of depression, 1028 tweets are categorized as high, 1073 moderate, and 1605 low.
Neuroscience-Inspired Online Unsupervised Learning Algorithms: Artificial neural networks

Inventors of the original artificial neural networks (ANNs) derived their inspiration from biology [1]. However, today, most ANNs, such as backpropagation-based convolutional deeplearning networks, resemble natural NNs only superficially. Given that, on some tasks, such ANNs achieve human or even superhuman performance, why should one care about such dissimilarity with natural NNs? The algorithms of natural NNs are relevant if one's goal is not just to outperform humans on certain tasks but to develop general-purpose artificial intelligence rivaling that of a human. As contemporary ANNs are far from achieving this goal and natural NNs, by definition, achieve it, natural NNs must contain some "secret sauce" that ANNs lack. This is why we need to understand the algorithms implemented by natural NNs.
Design of a Terahertz Reconfigurable Reflectarray with Individually Controlled 1-bit Phasing Elements

Terahertz (THz) high gain antennas with electronic beam-scanning capability have been long required in various modern applications. In this paper, a novel reconfigurable reflectarray antenna (RRA) at 0.3 THz with 16×16 individually controlled 1-bit phasing elements is proposed. The element consists of a shorted bow-tie microstrip patch and a double-channel heterostructure HEMT in the middle. Electronic 1-bit phase control can be achieved by switching the state of HEMT. The element simulation verifies its wideband and low cross-polarization performance. Design and analysis of a RRA with 16×16 elements and practical biasing circuits are presented. The high gain beam scanning capability of the proposed RRA is validated by theoretical calculations.
Technology Shocks and Employment in Open Economies

Abstract A growing body of empirical evidence suggests that a positive technology shock leads to a temporary decline in employment. A two-country model is used to demonstrate that the open economy dimension can enhance the ability of sticky price models to account for the evidence. The reasoning is as follows. An improvement in technology appreciates the nominal exchange rate. Under producer-currency pricing, the exchange rate appreciation shifts global demand toward foreign goods away from domestic goods. This causes a temporary decline in domestic employment. If the expenditure-switching effect is sufficiently strong, a technology shock also has a negative effect on output in the short run.
Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) adjust habitat selection and activity rhythm to the absence of predators

Although individuals must generally trade off acquisition of high-quality resources against predation risk avoidance, removal of top predators by humans has resulted in many large herbivores experiencing novel conditions where their natural predators are absent. Antipredator behaviors should be attenuated or lost in such a context of relaxed predation pressure. To test this prediction, we analyzed daily and seasonal habitat selection and activity rhythm (both commonly linked to predation risk) of GPS-collared Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis Merriam, 1898) on predator-free islands (British Columbia, Canada). In marked contrast to the behavioral patterns commonly observed in populations subject to predation risk, we documented a very low day–night contrast in habitat selection. Moreover, we observed higher activity during daytime than nighttime, as expected for nonhunted populations. We also showed that resource selection was primarily driven by seasonal variations in resource availab.
Phosphorylation of TRPV1 S801 Contributes to Modality-Specific Hyperalgesia in Mice

Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) is a nonselective cationic channel activated by painful stimuli such as capsaicin and noxious heat, and enriched in sensory neurons of the pain pathway. During inflammation, chemical mediators activate protein kinases (such as PKC) that phosphorylate TRPV1 and thereby enhance its function, with consequent increases in nociceptor sensitization. However, the causal relationships between TRPV1 phosphorylation and pathological pain remain unexplored. To directly investigate the roles of one specific TRPV1 phosphorylation event in vivo, we genetically altered a major PKC phosphorylation site, mouse TRPV1 S801, to alanine. The TRPV1 expression pattern in sensory neurons of S801A knock-in (KI) mice was comparable to that in WT controls. However, sensitization of capsaicin-mediated currents after the activation of PKC was substantially impaired in sensory neurons from KI mice. Thermal hyperalgesia induced by PMA or burn injury in KI was identical to WT. Inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia was only marginally attenuated in KI mice. In contrast, PMA-evoked nocifensive responses and sensitization of capsaicin responses were significantly attenuated in the hindpaws of KI mice. Ongoing pain from inflamed masseter muscle was also reduced in KI mice, and was further inhibited by the TRPV1 antagonist AMG9810. These results suggest that PKC-mediated phosphorylation of TRPV1 S801 contributes to inflammation-mediated sensitization of TRPV1 to ligand, but not heat, in vivo. Further, this suggests that interference with TRPV1 S801 phosphorylation might represent one potential way to attenuate inflammatory pain, yet spare basal sensitivity and produce fewer side effects than more general TRPV1 inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) has been considered a potential target for pain intervention. Global inhibitors of TRPV1 function, however, produce side effects which could compromise their clinical utility. By precisely removing a unique PKC phosphorylation site (TRPV1 S801) in mice through CRISPR/Cas9 editing, we provide in vivo evidence for a highly specific inhibition that leaves basal TRPV1 function intact, yet alleviates some forms of hyperalgesia. These findings support inhibition of TRPV1 S801 phosphorylation as a potential intervention for pain management.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF ICE PARTICLE RESIDUALS IN TROPOSPHERIC MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS BASED ON ICE PARTICLE COLLECTION USING THE COUNTERFLOW VIRTUAL IMPACTOR TECHNIQUE

1 Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany 2 Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland 3 University of Mainz, Germany 4 Max Planck Institute Mainz, Germany 5 University of Darmstadt, Germany 6 University of Frankfurt, Germany 7 ETH Zürich, Switzerland 8 present affiliation: ECN Petten, The Netherlands 9 present affiliation: PNNL, Richland, USA 10 present affiliation: NOAA, Boulder, USA
Comparison Between Deterministic and Stochastic Methods for the Synthesis of Aperiodic Arrays

The optimization problem addressed in this paper is that of minimizing the maximum sidelobe level of linear aperiodic antenna arrays radiating a pencil beam directed at broadside and having an assigned beamwidth and (eventually) desired nulls. A uniform amplitude distribution is assumed for the array elements. A deterministic approach is proposed, and its performance is compared with that of a stochastic method of recent literature.
A Broadband H-Plane Patch Antenna Decoupling Technique

A novel method for decoupling the elements in a phased-array antenna is proposed. The antenna elements are decoupled by embedding non-radiating coupled resonators between the elements. The coupling through the resonators cancels the coupling through the air and substrate. By properly designing the resonance frequency of the resonators, proper transmission zeros can be created within the operating bandwidth and wide bandwidth of isolation can be created. A mutual coupling reduction of more than 10 dB is achieved over the entire operating bandwidth.
DOES PERCEIVED GOVERNMENTAL EFFICIENCY IN MANAGING TAX MONEY DRIVE COMPLIANCE? EVIDENCE FROM A TAX GAME

Tax compliance, i.e. citizens’ disposition to pay taxes either voluntary or enforced, is an extremely important topic at any moment, but mostly when governments have to finance public goods with few tax money. In the light of these realities, governments have to find ways of providing public goods by boosting tax compliance. In order to achieve this goal, various factors influencing compliance have to be considered among which the efficiency of the government in managing tax money. In an experimental tax game preceded by a self-reported tax compliance attitudes questionnaire, we show that the information concerning government’s efficiency significantly influences tax payments. Moreover, tax compliance attitudes act as a mediator between the independent variable scenario (i.e., information about government efficiency) and the dependent variable tax payments.
Geometric Jacobian linearization 1

For control systems that evolve on Euclidean spaces, Jacobian linearization is a common technique in many control applications, analysis, and controller design methodologies. However, the standard linearization method along a non-trivial reference trajectory does not directly apply in a geometric theory where the state space is a differentiable manifold. Indeed, the standard constructions involving the Jacobian are dependent on a choice of coordinates. The procedure of linearizing a control affine system along a non-trivial reference trajectory is studied from a differential geometric perspective. A coordinate-invariant setting for linearization is presented. With the linearization in hand, the controllability of the geometric linearization is characterized using an alternative version of the usual controllability test for time-varying linear systems. The various types of stability are defined using a metric on the fibers along the reference trajectory and Lyapunov’s second method is recast for linear vector fields on tangent bundles. With the necessary background stated in a geometric framework, Kalman’s theory of quadratic optimal control is understood from the perspective of the Maximum Principle. Finally, following Kalman, the resulting feedback from solving the infinite time optimal control problem is shown to uniformly asymptotically stabilize the linearization using Lyapunov’s second method.