Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sulfur intermediates as new biogeochemical hubs in an aquatic model microbial ecosystem

BackgroundThe sulfur cycle encompasses a series of complex aerobic and anaerobic transformations of S-containing molecules, and plays a fundamental role in cellular and ecosystems level-processes, influencing biological carbon transfers and other biogeochemical cycles. Despite their importance, the microbial communities and metabolic pathways involved in these transformations remain poorly understood, notably for inorganic sulfur compounds of intermediate oxidation states (thiosulfate, tetrathionate, sulfite, polysulfides). Isolated and highly stratified, the extreme geochemical and environmental contexts of the meromictic ice-capped Lake A, in the Canadian High Arctic, provides an outstanding model ecosystem to resolve the distribution and metabolism of aquatic sulfur cycling microorganisms along redox and salinity gradients. ResultsApplying complementary molecular approaches, we identified sharply contrasting microbial communities and metabolic potentials among the distinct water layers of the Lake A, with homologies to diverse fresh, brackish and saline water microbiomes. Sulfur cycling genes were abundant at all depths, with oxidative processes in the oxic freshwater layers, reductive reactions in the anoxic and sulfidic bottom waters and genes for both transformations at the chemocline, and co-varied with bacterial abundance. Up to 154 different genomic bins with potential for sulfur transformation were recovered, revealing a panoply of taxonomically diverse microorganisms with complex metabolic pathways for biogeochemical sulfur reactions. Metabolism of sulfur cycle intermediates was widespread throughout the water column, co-occurring with sulfate reduction or sulfide oxidation pathways. The genomic bin composition suggested that in addition to chemical oxidation, these intermediate sulfur compounds were likely produced by the predominant sulfur chemo- and photo-oxidizers at the chemocline and by diverse microbial organic sulfur molecule degraders. ConclusionsThe Lake A microbial ecosystem provided an ideal opportunity to identify new features of the biogeochemical sulfur cycle. Our detailed metagenomic analyses across the broad physico-chemical gradients of this highly stratified lake extend the known diversity of microorganisms and metabolic pathways involved in sulfur transformations over a wide range of environmental conditions. The results identify the importance of sulfur cycle intermediates and organic sulfur molecules as major sources of electron donors and acceptors for aquatic and sedimentary microbial communities in association with the classical sulfur cycle.
Fractal Feature about the Micro-structure in Sandstone Reservoir: Taking the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Shengtuo Oilfield as an Example

The study of rock micro-structure is very difficult at present.The micro-structure of the reservoir controls not only the micro-character of the reservoir but also the macro-character.Using the fractal theory and the data of mercury injection and thin-section from 3wells about 40samples in Shengtuo,the micro- pore structure characteristics of the reservoir was studied.Results indicate that the micro-structure shows fractal features to some extent.We measured the fractal dimension and built up the quantitative relationship of physical property and the micro-structure parameters with fractal dimension.We found they have good correlation and correlation of delta-front is better than delta-plain.Thus it can be seen that the fractal dimension can reflect the complexity of the pore-space synthetically and it can be used to do comparative evaluation for different reservoirs.
A Chinese Family with Noonan Syndrome Associated with a Heterozygous LZTR1 Mutation

Background Noonan syndrome (NS) is a multisystem disorder resulting from pathogenic mutations in more than 15 genes, among which LZTR1 is newly discovered. However, its role in NS pathogenesis remains unclear, including its inheritance pattern. Methods We herein report a family with LZTR-related NS. We collected clinical data of the proband and her families. Four of them completed the whole exon sequencing. Results Two children with NS inherited the same heterozygous LZTR1 variant, c.1149 + 1G > T, from their affected mother. Moreover, the proband was diagnosed as NS accompanied by growth hormone deficiency (GHD) without other associated gene mutations. Conclusion The variant c.1149 + 1G > T of LZTR1 was previously reported in autosomal recessive NS, but this is the first report of an autosomal dominant form. Our reported cases provided evidence for a more complex inheritance pattern resulting from LZTR1 c.1149 + 1G > T mutation. Occasionally, NS patients can have GHD.
Effects of Cognitive- and Sleep- Related Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Cognitive Functions in the Han Chinese Community-dwelling Elderly

Objective: The genetic biomarkers on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been widely studied in different groups. Since the lack of efficacy therapeutic methods for AD, early recognition in preclinical stage becomes increasingly important. Evidence of AD and cognitive-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in high risk population is insufficiency. Our aim was to assess whether these SNPs within cognitive- and sleep- associated genes are correlated with cognitive impairment independently or through gene-gene interactions in community-dwelling elderly in Beijing. Methods: Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 2133 Northen Han Chinese elderly from ten communites in Chaoyang District, Beijing. The short version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Beijing (MoCA-s), Ascertain Dementia 8 (AD8), Digit Span Backwards (DSB), Digital Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Paired Associative Learning Test (PALT) were used to detect different cognitive domains.Results: Logistic regression analyses showed a significant correlation between APOE (rs429358), ABCC9 (rs11046205) and cognitive impairment, and an interaction between ABCC9 (rs11046205)/APOE promoter (rs405509) and APOE ε4 status. Additionally, we found a significant negative association between the additive model of APOE (rs429358) and MMSE score. Moreover, our analysis revealed that the gene-gene interaction between ABCC9 (rs11046205) and APOE (429358) may contribute to the etiology of congnitive impairment.Conclusions: This study confirmed the independent contribution of AD, memory and sleep-related genes in the cognitive impairment of the community-dwelling elderly in China, as well as through gene-gene interactions.
Revolutionary Demands: A Content Analysis of the Cahiers de Doleances of 1789

Foreword Charles Tilly Preface 1. Introduction Part I. Content Analysis: 2. The role of content analysis in social science 3. The scientific definition of variables in content analysis 4. Computerized content analysis 5. The coder as a black box instrument 6. A two-step strategy for representational content analysis Part II. The Cahiers de Doleances: 7. The convocation of the Estates-General and the origins of the Cahiers 8. The documents 9. The problem of authenticity Part III. Content Analysis of the Cahiers de Doleances: 10. A two-step content analysis of the Cahiers de Doleances 11. Evaluation of the coding 12. The selection of texts Part IV. Analyses: 13. Introduction 14. What were the grievances of France in 1789? The most common demands in the Cahiers de Doleances Gilbert Shapiro 15. Consensus and conflict at the onset of revolution John Markoff and Gilbert Shapiro 16. Allies and opponents: nobility and third estate in the spring of 1789 John Markoff 17. The West in France in 1789: the religious factor in the origins of the counterrevolution Timothy Tackett 18. Social mobility and political radicalism: the case of the French revolution of 1789 Gilbert Shapiro and Philip Dawson 19. Images of the King at the beginning of the revolution John Markoff 20. Peasant protest: the claims of Lord, church and state in the Cahiers de Doleances John Markoff Appendices Notes Index.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ABSORPTION COOLING CYCLE UTILIZING TFE-[BMIm][Br] AS WORKING FLUID

In this paper, TFE-[BMIm][Br] was selected as novel working fluid for absorption cooling cycle. The model of thermophysics properties of TFE-[BMIm][Br] was proposed, and the simulation of the parallel double effect absorption cooling cycle was set up. The effects of efficiency of solution heat exchanger, evaporation temperature, absorption temperature and generation temperature on the performance, solution circulating ratio and operation pressure of four cycles were analyzed. The feasible operation scope and suitable cycle scheme was confirmed. It was shown that TFE-[BMIm][Br] is a good potential working fluid for absorption cycle.
Finite Element Model of Real Structure for Particle Reinforced Composites

A new technique for modeling a real structure of particle reinforced composites is proposed.Complex boundaries of the tungsten alloy SEM photos and concrete photos are fixed and extracted.Then,these figures are transformed into vector-graphs and imported into finite element(FE) program.The FE models of tungsten alloys and concrete are established using a similar method.The fracture process of concrete under compression load is investigated.This new technique for FE model can avoid errors caused by the artificial FE model.The method can thus be used to simulate the mechanical properties of particle reinforced composites under different loads.
MINUTE-TIMESCALE >100 MeV γ-RAY VARIABILITY DURING THE GIANT OUTBURST OF QUASAR 3C 279 OBSERVED BY FERMI-LAT IN 2015 JUNE

On 2015 June 16, Fermi-LAT observed a giant outburst from the flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 279 with a peak >100 MeV flux of ∼3.6 × 10−5 photons cm−2 s−1, averaged over orbital period intervals. It is historically the highest γ-ray flux observed from the source, including past EGRET observations, with the γ-ray isotropic luminosity reaching ∼1049 erg s−1. During the outburst, the Fermi spacecraft, which has an orbital period of 95.4 minutes, was operated in a special pointing mode to optimize the exposure for 3C 279. For the first time, significant flux variability at sub-orbital timescales was found in blazar observations by Fermi-LAT. The source flux variability was resolved down to 2-minute binned timescales, with flux doubling times of less than 5 minutes. The observed minute-scale variability suggests a very compact emission region at hundreds of Schwarzschild radii from the central engine in conical jet models. A minimum bulk jet Lorentz factor (Γ) of 35 is necessary to avoid both internal γ-ray absorption and super-Eddington jet power. In the standard external radiation Comptonization scenario, Γ should be at least 50 to avoid overproducing the synchrotron self-Compton component. However, this predicts extremely low magnetization (∼5 × 10−4). Equipartition requires Γ as high as 120, unless the emitting region is a small fraction of the dissipation region. Alternatively, we consider γ rays originating as synchrotron radiation of γe ∼ 1.6 × 106 electrons, in a magnetic field B ∼ 1.3 kG, accelerated by strong electric fields E ∼ B in the process of magnetoluminescence. At such short distance scales, one cannot immediately exclude the production of γ-rays in hadronic processes.
Derived categories of Gushel–Mukai varieties

We study the derived categories of coherent sheaves on Gushel–Mukai varieties. In the derived category of such a variety, we isolate a special semiorthogonal component, which is a K3 or Enriques category according to whether the dimension of the variety is even or odd. We analyze the basic properties of this category using Hochschild homology, Hochschild cohomology, and the Grothendieck group. We study the K3 category of a Gushel–Mukai fourfold in more detail. Namely, we show this category is equivalent to the derived category of a K3 surface for a certain codimension 1 family of rational Gushel–Mukai fourfolds, and to the K3 category of a birational cubic fourfold for a certain codimension 3 family. The first of these results verifies a special case of a duality conjecture which we formulate. We discuss our results in the context of the rationality problem for Gushel–Mukai varieties, which was one of the main motivations for this work.
THE UPDATED ORBITAL PERIOD OF LOW MASS X-ray BINARY 4U 1323-62

U 1323-62, a low mass X-ray binary with an orbital period of 2.94 hr, exhibits periodic X-ray dips, which are due to absorption by the bulge of the outer accretion disk. The purpose of this study is to search for orbital period changes using archived X-ray data over a time span of 20 years. We present our preliminary results from analyzing light curves observed by RXTE, BeppoSAX, XMM-Newton and Suzaku. We used the method proposed by Hu et al. (2008) to estimate dip center time and adopted the Observed - Calculated method to measure changes in period. We obtained an orbital period of 2.941917(36) hr and a period derivative of _ Porb=Porb = ( 9:9 3:5) 10 7 yr 1 . The F-test result shows that the quadratic ephemeris is describes the evolution of the dip phases better than the linear ephemeris at a greater than 95% condence level. More X-ray data collected from the early 80s will be included to further rene the orbital ephemeris.
Model-order reduction of magneto-harmonic problems based on POD: application to planar magnetic components

Predetermination of losses and inductance values in the design phase, is necessary for the development of high-performance magnetic components for power electronics. Numerical modeling, based on the finite element method (FEM) can be used to determine the characteristics of a particular component with a complex geometry in high frequency (HF). These models are very accurate but the computation time required is high compared to analytical models. The model order reduction (MOR) methods can be applied to reduce the computation time while maintaining high accuracy. Nowadays, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is the most popular of MOR approaches. This technique has been applied to study problems in many fields of engineering. In this paper, the POD method is developed to solve magneto-harmonic problems in order to study a HF planar magnetic inductor.
Flux-saturated porous media equations and applications

The aim of this paper is to review the main recent results about the dynamics of nonlinear partial differential equations describing flux-saturated transport mechanisms, eventually in combination with porous media flow and/or reactions terms. The result is a system characterized by the presence of wave fronts which move defining an interface. This can be used to model different process in applications in a variety of areas as developmental biology or astrophysics. The concept of solution and its properties (well-posedness in a bounded variation scenario, Rankine–Hugoniot and geometric conditions for jumps, regularity results, finite speed of propagation, . . . ), qualitative study of these fronts (traveling waves in particular) and application in morphogenesis cover the panorama of this review. J. Calvo, J. Campos, O. Sánchez and J. Soler were supported in part by MINECO (Spain), project MTM2014-53406-R, FEDER resources, and Junta de Andalucía Project P12-FQM-954. J. Calvo is also partially supported by a Juan de la Cierva grant of the Spanish MEC and La Caixa “Collaborative Mathematical Research”. Juan Campos is also supported by MICINN Grant with FEDER funds MTM2011-23652. V. Caselles was supported in part by MICINN (Spain), project MTM2009-08171, and also acknowledges the partial support by GRC reference 2009 SGR 773, and by “ICREA Acadèmia” prize for excellence in research funded both by the Generalitat de Catalunya. J. Calvo, Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Campus de Bellaterra, Edifici C, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain E-mail: jcalvo@crm.cat J. Campos, Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Fuentenueva, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain E-mail: campos@ugr.es V. Caselles, Departamento de Tecnología, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, Roc Boronat, 138, 08018 Barcelona, Spain E-mail: vicent.caselles@upf.edu O. Sánchez, Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Fuentenueva, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain E-mail: ossanche@ugr.es J. Soler, Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Fuentenueva, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain E-mail: jsoler@ugr.es 132 J. Calvo, J. Campos, V. Caselles, O. Sánchez and J. Soler Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 35K57, 35B36, 35K67, 34Cxx, 70Kxx; 35B60, 37Dxx, 76B15, 35Q35, 37D50, 35Q99.
Characterization And Possible Thermal Applications Of Additively-Manufactured Inconel 718

Name: Evan Samuel Handler Date of Degree: May 5, 2017 Institution: Mississippi State University Major Field: Mechanical Engineering Major Professor: Dr. Yucheng Liu Title of Study: Characterization and possible thermal applications of additivelymanufactured Inconel 718 Pages in Study 58 Candidate for Degree of Master of Science The aim of this work is to characterize the microstructural and mechanical behaviors of Additive Manufactured (AM) Inconel 718 and investigate the feasibility of using this material to produce thermal management devices. This was done in two parts: a literature review of AM phenomena that effect heat transfer rates and impede or benefit production using these methods, and a study that characterized Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) Inconel 718 while investigating and manipulating the thermal history. The literature review provides evidence that while there are still many unsolved issues, it’s quickly becoming possible to use AM to produce thermal management devices that will exceed current limitations. The study showed that although LENS Inconel 718 exhibits nonstandard material behaviors, evidence indicate that it’s possible to control these behaviors to influence desired results. Overall, it is believed that the use of AM in producing thermal management devices will be inevitable and beneficial.
Experimental Analysis of the Discharge and Flow Coefficients of a Multi­valve Internal Combustion Engine

The search for newer ways to reduce emissions and fossil fuel consumption worldwide has be‐ come more urgent than ever since climate change was identified as the main challenge of the current century. Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) are responsible for a large portion of emis‐ sions and, for this reason, a constant search for engine efficiency improvement has been made. The key to achieve an improved engine performance might be lying in the study of the airflow across the intake system since several factors and phenomena which considerably limit engine breathing and efficiency are identified. Being the major inlet flow restriction, the port‐valve assembly plays an important role in allowing the airflow to be drawn into the cylinder. In order to measure how efficient the induction process is, discharge and flow coefficients are defined and investigated under different intake conditions. In this sense, an experimental investigation aiming at the study of the fluid dynamic efficiency of a multi‐valve Spark‐Ignition (SI) engine during the induction stroke was carried out at the Propulsion laboratory of the University of Beira Interior (UBI). To this purpose, the effect of adding a throttle body to the inlet system and de‐ activating one inlet valve are analysed under static and dynamic conditions. Four throttle plate angles: 30, 50, 70, and 90o were tested along with an inlet configuration without a throttle plate. The experimental tests were conducted at a steady/unsteady flow rig in terms of dimensionless discharge and flow coefficients, in order to understand if the dynamic performance of the port‐ valve assembly can be predicted through steady discharge and flow coefficients. Throughout the tests, the pressure drop was kept constant at 13 kPa and the valve lift varied from 0.5 mm to 8.4 mm. During each measurement, the air mass flow, inlet temperature, valve upstream pressure and cylinder pressure are registered. The investigation highlights the influence of valve lift on engine breathing. Moreover, it demonstrates that adding a throttle body into the inlet system will result in reduced engine breathability in comparison to a configuration without a throttle plate. This study also indicates that deactivating one inlet valve, in multi‐valve engines, leads to higher discharge coefficients, while the conventional configuration results in higher flow co‐ efficients. The impact of the camshaft velocity on engine breathing is evaluated in terms of mean discharge and flow coefficients. The research shows that the discharge and flow coeffi‐ cients decrease slightly as the camshaft velocity increases. Overall, a good agreement between static and dynamic results was achieved, proving that steady coefficients can predict with good accuracy the unsteady behaviour of the intake port and valve.
Measurement error in the national accounts

The problem of measurement errors in the national accounts has been recognized for a long time. The error chiefly arises from various source data and the timing of the flow of data received from providers. This chapter first discusses the type of measurement errors confronted by statistical agencies. Second, it presents a model of their behavior that illustrates the trade-offs that must be made in dealing with such errors. Third, the chapter discusses how the quality of the estimates can be gauged given measurement error and the inability to conduct standard statistical tests. Although the focus is on the production of U.S. Gross Domestic Product, the principles are applicable to all national statistical agencies.
Estudos biofísicos e in vivo de moléculas ligantes de nucleossomo

The modulation of chromatin is known to be orchestrated by Nucleosome Binding Molecules (NBMs), which would act on the nucleosome surface to modulate chromatin architecture. Herein, we evaluated if Nucleosome Binding Peptides (NBPeps) would be able to occupy the nucleosome surface directly, thereby modulating chromatin status and influencing phenotypic outcomes. To understand how the nucleosome structure is affected by NBPeps, we performed biochemical assays indicating that NBPeps present differential actions on the nucleosome structure despite binding to similar target regions on the nucleosome. Cell-based assays showed that NBPeps are uptake by HeLa cells by an active mechanism and have selective toxicity for HeLa cells when compared to CCD10595K cells. Using Zebrafish models we demonstrated that NBPeps penetrated different tissues, showing specific effects on cell physiology and phenotypic outcome, altering the development of zebrafish embryos, inhibiting the development of melanocytes, changing hatching patterns and inducing death at a small rate. Moreover, analysis in adult zebrafish showed that NBPeps can reach the nuclear environment of erythrocytes in vivo. We concluded that NBPeps present specific phenotypic outcomes in zebrafish embryos despite having a similar binding sites. Taken together, our data suggests that NBPeps might have important therapeutic implications. Herein, we also reviewed the impacts of lipids on the nuclear environment, discussing the potential role of nucleosome as a reservoir of lipids in the nucleus and, also emphasizing the lipids as a modulator of chromatin architecture. Finally, we investigated the capacity of a NBPep (H4pep) in creating phase separation in vitro. Droplet assay shows that H4pep requires DNA to crate phase separation, also that the complex DNA:H4pep at high concentrations can change phase creating a gel-liquid phase separation. Salt resistance assay shows that H4pep creates phase separation at a physiological concentration of NaCl. The relevance biological relevance of this data is yet to be determined.