Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construction d'un Web sémantique multi-points de vue

Dans cette these, nous etudions les problemes de l’heterogeneite et du consensus dans un Web semantique d’entreprise. Dans le Web semantique, une extension du Web actuel, la semantique des ressources est rendue explicite pour que les machines et les agents puissent les « comprendre » et les traiter automatiquement, afin de faciliter les tâches des utilisateurs finaux. Un Web semantique d’entreprise est un tel Web semantique dedie a une entreprise, une organisation. L’objectif de cette these est de permettre la construction d’un tel Web semantique, dans une organisation heterogene comportant differentes sources de connaissances et differentes categories d’utilisateurs, sans eliminer l’heterogeneite mais en faisant cohabiter entre l’heterogeneite et le consensus dans l’organisation tout entiere. Dans la premiere partie, nous approfondirons le probleme de l’heterogeneite des ontologies. L’ontologie est un des elements fondamentaux dans le Web semantique. Plusieurs ontologies differentes peuvent co-exister dans une organisation heterogene. Pour faciliter l’echange des informations et des connaissances encodees dans differentes ontologies, nous etudions des algorithmes permettant d’aligner des ontologies deja existantes. Les algorithmes proposes permettent de mettre en correspondance les ontologies representees dans les langages RDF (S) et OWL recommandes par le W3C pour le Web semantique. Ces algorithmes sont evalues grâce a des campagnes d’evaluation des outils d’alignement d’ontologies. Dans la deuxieme partie, nous nous interessons au probleme de la construction de nouvelles ontologies dans une organisation heterogene mais en prenant en compte differents points de vue, differentes terminologies des personnes, des groupes voire des communautes diverses au sein de cette organisation. Une telle ontologie, appelee ontologie multi points de vue, permet de faire cohabiter a la fois l’heterogeneite et le consensus dans une organisation heterogene. Nous proposons un modele de representation des connaissances multi points de vue, appele MPV, et un langage d’ontologie multi points de vue, qui est une extension du langage d’ontologie OWL, appele MPV-OWL, pour permettre de construire et d’exploiter des ontologies multi points de vue dans un Web semantique d’entreprise.
Predictive value of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk equations from the China-PAR for new-onset lower extremity peripheral artery disease

Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (LEPAD) is a common and serious health-threatening disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk equations from the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) project for incident LEPAD after 6.75 ± 0.13 years of follow-up. A total of 3,595 Chinese participants without baseline ASCVD or LEPAD from a community-based cohort were enrolled in our study. The mean (interquartile range) baseline 10-year China-PAR ASCVD risk was 4.35% (2.24–8.44%), and the incidence of new-onset LEPAD during 6.75 ± 0.13 years was 4.23%. In univariable logistic regression analysis, 10-year China-PAR ASCVD risk was significantly associated with LEPAD incidence (odds ratio [OR] for each 1% increase in the risk score = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.08, P < 0.001). After adjusting confounders, the relationship remained significant (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05–1.1. P < 0.001). Participants with the highest risk (≥10%) had significantly increased risk compared to those with the lowest risk (<5%) (OR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.15–6.07, P = 0.022). Further interaction analyses showed no evidence of heterogeneity according to sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, renal function, waist circumference, and family history. In conclusion, 10-year China-PAR ASCVD risk independently predicted the risk of new-onset LEPAD in a Chinese community-based population, indicating the importance of polyvascular diseases (PVDs) and the intrinsic interactions of its components.
Modeling Workflow of Tasks and Task Interaction Graphs to Schedule on the Cloud

-Many composite computational activities are modeled as directed acyclic graphs called workflows in which each vertex is a task and each directed edge represents both precedence and possible communication from its originating vertex to its ending vertex. When the execution of a task is completed, the communication with its successor(s) starts and anticipated data are transferred. Only after all parents of a task are completed and their results (if any) are received by the task its execution can start. These constraints restrict a more general case in which some tasks could communicate during their executions. In this paper, a task-model composed of both interaction and precedence of tasks is introduced. It is shown that this kind of graph can be transformed into an extended directed acyclic graphs, called hybrid directed acyclic graph, composed of tasks and super-tasks. Super-tasks need not be recognized manually and the proposed method automatically finds them. This can simplify the design of complex workflows. Validity conditions of hybrid directed acyclic graphs are investigated and a verification algorithm is developed. Also, scheduling aspects of hybrid workflows on the cloud is highlighted and some results are reported. This inventive idea can open a whole new area of research and practice in the field of workflow modeling and scheduling.
Enhancing The Encryption Process Of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) By Using Proposed Algorithm To Generate S-Box

Information security is a very important issue in data communication. Any loss or threat to information transfer can prove to be great loss in the process of sending information. Encryption technique plays a main role in information security systems. The advanced encryption standard algorithm is widely accepted due to its strong encryption, complex processing and its resistance to Brute -force attack. This paper presents a proposed algorithm to enhance the encryption process of advanced encryption standard algorithm (AES) by introducing a new algorithm to generate dynamic S-Box from cipher key. This algorithm will lead to generate more secure block ciphers, and solve the problem of the fixed structure S-Boxes and will increase the security level of the AES block cipher system. The main advantage of this algorithm is that many S -Boxes can be generated by changing cipher key. The proposed algorithm leads to increase the complexity of encryption process and makes the differential and linear cryptanalysis more difficult.
Adaptive Speech Streaming Based on Packet Loss Prediction Using Support Vector Machine for Software‐Based Multipoint Control Unit over IP Networks

An adaptive speech streaming method to improve the perceived speech quality of a software‐based multipoint control unit (SW‐based MCU) over IP networks is proposed. First, the proposed method predicts whether the speech packet to be transmitted is lost. To this end, the proposed method learns the pattern of packet losses in the IP network, and then predicts the loss of the packet to be transmitted over that IP network. The proposed method classifies the speech signal into different classes of silence, unvoiced, speech onset, or voiced frame. Based on the results of packet loss prediction and speech classification, the proposed method determines the proper amount and bitrate of redundant speech data (RSD) that are sent with primary speech data (PSD) in order to assist the speech decoder to restore the speech signals of lost packets. Specifically, when a packet is predicted to be lost, the amount and bitrate of the RSD must be increased through a reduction in the bitrate of the PSD. The effectiveness of the proposed method for learning the packet loss pattern and assigning a different speech coding rate is then demonstrated using a support vector machine and adaptive multirate‐narrowband, respectively. The results show that as compared with conventional methods that restore lost speech signals, the proposed method remarkably improves the perceived speech quality of an SW‐based MCU under various packet loss conditions in an IP network.
Genome-wide characterization of C2H2 zinc-finger gene family provides insight into the mechanisms and evolution of the dehydration–rehydration responses in Physcomitrium and Arabidopsis

Dehydration tolerance is a vital factor for land plant evolution and world agricultural production. Numerous studies enlightened that the plant-specific C2H2-type zinc-finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) as master regulators played pivotal roles in the abiotic stress responses of plants. However, a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of C2H2-ZFPs in terrestrial plants and its regulatory mechanism in dehydration and rehydration response remains a mystery. In this study, the genome-wide identification of C2H2-ZFP genes revealed 549 homologs in the representatives of terrestrial plant lineages from liverwort to angiosperms. Based on the characteristics of the conserved C2H2-ZF domains, four major C2H2-ZF types (M-, Z-, Q-, and D-type) were identified in the C2H2-ZFPs, with the dominants of M-type in all selected species and followed by Z-type in non-seed plants and Q-type in seed plants, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the identified C2H2-ZFPs supported four major groups in the land plant representatives, among which the members from the desiccation-tolerant Physcomitrium patens and the dehydration-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana displayed different topological relationships in the phylogenies reconstructed for a single species. C2H2-ZFPs clustered in the same subclades shared similar features in their conserved domains and gene structures. Approximately, 81% of the C2H2-ZFP promoters of all 549 identified C2H2-ZFPs harbored the conserved ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) and/or dehydration-responsive elements (DREs). Comparative transcriptomic analyses showed that 50 PpZFPs and 56 AtZFPs significantly changed their transcripts abundance. Interestingly, most of the dehydration- and rehydration-responsive PpZPFs and AtZFPs had been predicted to contain the ABRE and DRE elements in their promoter regions and with over half of which phylogenetically belonging to group III. The differences in the expression patterns of C2H2-ZFPs in responses to dehydration and rehydration between P. patens and A. thaliana reflected their different strategies to adapt to dehydration. The identified candidate PpZFPs were specifically induced by moderate dehydration and reached the peak transcript abundance in severe dehydration. Our study lays the foundations for further functional investigation of C2H2-ZFPs in dehydration responses from an evolutionary perspective in land plants. The findings will provide us with genetic resources and potential targets for drought tolerance breeding in crops and beyond.
A record of Microtus ochrogaster from the Llano Estacado and other distributional records of mammals from Texas

Mammal trapping efforts were conducted during the summer and fall of 2014 at sites in five counties in Texas (Delta, Fayette, Hopkins, Lubbock, and Dickens). These efforts resulted in 18 county records involving: one soricomorph, one chiropteran, one lagomorph, one cingulate, and ten species of rodents. The species record for Microtus extends the range substantially southward into the central region of the Llano Estacado in Texas. These records expand our knowledge of the distribution and occurrence of mammals in Texas.
Diversidad de los Staphylinoidea de México: análisis de grupos selectos (Hydraenidae, Agyrtidae, Silphidae y Staphylinidae)

Se presenta una sintesis de la diversidad de los Coleoptera Staphylinoidea de Mexico considerando a las familias Hydraenidae, Agyrtidae, Silphidae y Staphylinidae. Se propone el Coeficiente de Trabajo Taxonomico (CTT) como medida para evaluar la importancia del trabajo taxonomico de los inventarios realizados en el pais. Los valores varian entre 0 y 1, donde 0 es un conocimiento inadecuado del taxon, mientras que un valor de 1 indica que todas las especies citadas tienen nombre especifico. El valor promedio del CTT para Silphidae es de 1, mientras que para Staphylinidae es de 0.3616. La riqueza a nivel estatal muestra una marcada influencia con el trabajo de campo realizado en los diferentes estados; no asi con la superficie de cada entidad. Veracruz es el estado con mayor numero de especies, seguido de Oaxaca y Chiapas. La familia Hydraenidae esta representada en Mexico por 71 especies, Agyrtidae por tres especies, Silphidae por once y Staphylinidae por 1,522. Tomando como base el comportamiento de la curva de acumulacion de especies descritas en 20 grupos y el porcentaje de incremento en el numero de especies conocidas para el pais, se estima que para Mexico puedan existir al menos, 4,400 especies (considerando a estas cuatro familias de Staphylinoidea)
Optimization of natural language processing components for robustness and scalability

This thesis focuses on the optimization of NLP components for robustness and scalability. Three kinds of NLP components are used for our experiments, a part-of-speech tagger, a dependency parser, and a semantic role labeler. For part-of-speech tagging, dynamic model selection is introduced. Our dynamic model selection approach builds two models, domain-specific and generalized models, and selects one of them during decoding by comparing similarities between lexical items used for building these models and input sentences. As a result, it gives robust tagging accuracy across corpora and shows fast tagging speed. For dependency parsing, a new transition-based parsing algorithm and a bootstrapping technique are introduced. Our parsing algorithm learns both projective and non-projective transitions so it can generate both projective and non-projective dependency trees yet shows linear time parsing speed on average. Our bootstrapping technique bootstraps parse information used as features for transition-based parsing, and shows significant improvement for parsing accuracy. For semantic role labeling, a conditional higher-order argument pruning algorithm is introduced. A higher-order pruning algorithm improves the coverage of argument candidates and shows improvement on the overall F1-score. The conditional higher-order pruning algorithm also noticeably reduces average labeling complexity with minimal reduction in F1-score. For all experiments, two sets of training data are used; one is from the Wall Street Journal corpus, and the other is from the OntoNotes corpora. All components are evaluated on 9 different genres, which are grouped separately for in-genre and out-of-genre experiments. Our experiments show that our approach gives higher accuracies compared to other state-of-the-art NLP components, and runs fast, taking about 3-4 milliseconds per sentence for processing all three components. All components are publicly available as an open source project, called ClearNLP. We believe that this project is beneficial for many NLP tasks that need to process large-scale heterogeneous data.
Multispectral and Multi‐instrument Observation of TIDs Following the Total Solar Eclipse of 21 August 2017

Wave‐like structures in the upper atmospheric nightglow brightness were observed on the night of 22 August 2017, approximately 8 hr following a total solar eclipse. These wave‐like perturbations are signatures of atmospheric gravity waves and associated traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). Observations were made in the red line (OI 630.0 nm) and the green line (OI 557.7 nm) from Carbondale, IL, at 2–10 UTC on 22 August 2017. Based on wavelet analyses, the dominant time period in both the red and green lines was around 1.5 hr. Differential total electron content data obtained from Global Positioning System total electron content measurements at Carbondale, IL, and ionospheric parameters from digisonde measurements at Idaho National Laboratory and Millstone Hill showed a similar dominant time period. Based on these observations and their correlation with geomagnetic indices, the TIDs appear to be associated with geomagnetic disturbances. In addition, by modeling the ionosphere‐thermosphere system's response to the eclipse, it was seen that while the eclipse enhanced the O/N2 ratio and electron density (Ne) at 250 km during our observation period, it did not affect the TIDs. Vertical (7 m/s) and meridional (616 m/s) phase velocities of the TIDs were estimated using cross‐correlation analysis between red and green line brightness profiles and spectral analysis of the differential total electron content keogram, respectively. This provides a method to characterize the three‐dimensional wave properties of TIDs.
Assessment of the influence of biophysical properties related to fuel conditions on fire severity using remote sensing techniques: a case study on a large fire in NW Spain

This study analyses the suitability of remote sensing data from different sources (Landsat 7 ETM+, MODIS and Meteosat) in evaluating the effect of fuel conditions on fire severity, using a megafire (11891ha) that occurred in a Mediterranean pine forest ecosystem (NW Spain) between 19 and 22August 2012. Fire severity was measured via the delta Normalized Burn Ratio index. Fuel conditions were evaluated through biophysical variables of: (i) the Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index and mean actual evapotranspiration, as proxies of potential live fuel amount; and (ii) Land Surface Temperature and water deficit, as proxies of fuel moisture content. Relationships between fuel conditions and fire severity were evaluated using Random Forest models. Biophysical variables explained 40% of the variance. The Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index was the most important predictor, being positively associated with fire severity. Evapotranspiration also positively influenced severity, although its importance was conditioned by the data source. Live fuel amount, rather than fuel moisture content, primarily affected fire severity. Nevertheless, an increase in water deficit and land surface temperature was generally associated with greater fire severity. This study highlights that fuel conditions largely determine fire severity, providing useful information for defining pre-fire actions aimed at reducing fire effects.
Industrial Track Paper Integrated Safety in Flexible Manufacturing Systems

In the case of machine tools, turning machines, milling machines and machining centres the machine user is part of the production process. To give the worker more possibilities to intervene in the production process it is desirable to work close to the motions of the machine axis. Intelligent computer based systems are able to introduce new safety technologies into the machines. A close connection between motion control and safety monitoring can realize protection corridors in space and velocity. Therefore new technologies, e. g. movement monitoring, are necessary to avoid hazardous situations. Many manufactures of power drive systems established a new technology for fault tolerant movement controls. In comparison to former monitoring systems the reaction time can be decreased by more than one order of magnitude. The authors present the application and the way of validation and testing of such complex systems.
The Efficiency of Coronal Mass Ejection With Different IMF Preconditions on the Production of Megaelectronvolt Electron Content in the Outer Radiation Belt

Fifty‐two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from 2012 to 2017 are categorized into four types according to different interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) preconditions, and behaviors of 1.8‐, 3.4‐, 5.2‐, and 7.7‐MeV electrons are quantitatively investigated using an Radiation Belt Content (RBC) index improved for nondipolar geomagnetic field configuration due to interaction with CMEs. Statistical analyses show that CMEs with continuous southward IMF from upstream of shock front to CME leading edge are the most efficient in the production of megaelectronvolt electron content, with RBC five times larger after shock arrival for 1.8‐MeV channel, seven times larger for 3.4‐MeV channel, and three times larger for 5.2‐MeV channel; the 7.7‐MeV channel also experiences less pronounced enhancements. For CMEs with continuous northward IMF from upstream of shock front to CME leading edge, clear dropouts of RBC are revealed. The depletion is the most significant for 1.8 MeV, and the magnitude of depletion gradually decreases when the electron energy goes higher. It is suggested that the location of magnetopause and plasmapause, and thus magnetopause shadowing and magnetopsheric waves like whistler mode chorus, contributes to the dynamics of megaelectronvolt electrons in the outer radiation belt, with energy dependence, in response to CMEs with different preconditions.
Improved local Gaussian distribution fitting energy model for image segmentation

Image segmentation is one of the most important parts of image processing. Several segmentation models have been proposed during study for recent decades. However noise, low contrast, and intensity inhomogeneity on images are still big challenges for image segmentation. Thus this paper presents an improved segmentation method based on well-known local Gaussian distribution fitting (LGDF) model. We first apply automatic initialization based on simple threshold segmentation to dealing with the drawback that LGDF model is sensitive to initialization position. Then we utilize result of effective and efficient Canny edge detector to get noteworthy edge information and after further processing we gain an edge field. The edge field is used to reduce the probability of local minima on regions far from true boundaries and to force evolving curve to snap to target boundaries. The experimental results demonstrate the advantages of our method on not only medical and synthetic images but also some natural images.
ONLINE SOFTWARE PLATFORM FOR DEDICATED PRODUCT RELATED SIMULATIONS

This paper shows a way to make complex buildingsimulation tools more accessible, by allowing users to input only a restricted set of variables and by condensing the results in easy-to understand tables and graphs. A software structure is presented that enables an easy set-up of specific tools for building product manufacturers (each product-manufacturer combination gets a dedicated tool). The main characteristics of the new development and of the resulting dedicated software tools are presented. Practical examples are given including screenshots of the interface and the post-processing.