Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vitro Callus Induction and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies of Cissampelos pareira L

The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on induction of callus from leaf segments of Cissampelos pareira. The surface sterilized young leaves were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with different concentration and combination of growth regulators for induction of callus. The phytochemical constituents were analyzed in the different solvent extracts using standard methods. Maximum callus induction was observed on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of NAA or 2, 4-D alone and in combinations of NAA (2 mg/L) + BAP (1 mg/L) and NAA (2 mg/L) + KIN (0.5 mg/L). The preliminary phytochemical screening of leaf and leaf derived callus revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, coumarins etc. The developed protocol is useful for large scale production of callus from leaf explants which may be useful for isolation of important bioactive compounds for the treatment of various diseases.
The Cell Tropism of Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus for Airway Epithelial Cells Is Determined by the Expression of Porcine Aminopeptidase N

Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCoV) infects the epithelial cells in the respiratory tract of pigs, causing a mild respiratory disease. We applied air–liquid interface (ALI) cultures of well-differentiated porcine airway cells to mimic the respiratory tract epithelium in vitro and use it for analyzing the infection by PRCoV. As reported for most coronaviruses, virus entry and virus release occurred mainly via the apical membrane domain. A novel finding was that PRCoV preferentially targets non-ciliated and among them the non-mucus-producing cells. Aminopeptidase N (APN), the cellular receptor for PRCoV was also more abundantly expressed on this type of cell suggesting that APN is a determinant of the cell tropism. Interestingly, differentiation-dependent differences were found both in the expression of pAPN and the susceptibility to PRCoV infection. Cells in an early differentiation stage express higher levels of pAPN and are more susceptible to infection by PRCoV than are well-differentiated cells. A difference in the susceptibility to infection was also detected when tracheal and bronchial cells were compared. The increased susceptibility to infection of bronchial epithelial cells was, however, not due to an increased abundance of APN on the cell surface. Our data reveal a complex pattern of infection in porcine differentiated airway epithelial cells that could not be elucidated with immortalized cell lines. The results are expected to have relevance also for the analysis of other respiratory viruses.
New Diagnostic Criteria for Hypertension in Children and Adolescents: Lights and Shadows

Pediatric hypertension (HTN) represents a challenging disease with a major cardiometabolic risk (CMR) burden from childhood to adulthood. In fact, it has been linked to cardiac and vascular damage even at pediatric age and recognized as an independent risk factor for HTN in adulthood. Therefore, HTN in children has gained remarkable scientific interest during the past decades. However, the availability of different diagnostic classifications complicates HTN definition. The Clinical Practice Guidelines released in 2017 updated the diagnostic criteria, by highlighting some important issues with clinical implications. Lowering the new cut-offs proposed by the CPG, as compared with those proposed by IV Report criteria, will increase the number of young people at risk of hypertension. However, evidence suggests that the CPG cutoff-points in further identifying subjects with an altered CMR profile. Currently, some issues are still debated such as the adoption of a fixed cut-off of BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg for children aged ≥ 13 years, or the adoption of criteria for cardiac damage derived from adults. Given the CMR burden of pediatric HTN, a better and early identification of children at higher HTN risk is strictly recommended in order to improve HTN management to reduce the cardiovascular risk in these youths.
Impact of Virtual RealityTraining on Real-World Hockey Skill: An Intervention Trial

Training specificity is imperative for successful performance of the elite athlete. Virtual reality (VR) has been successfully applied to a broad range of training domains. However, to date there is little research investigating the use of VR for sport training.The purpose of this study was to address the question of whether virtual reality (VR) training can improve real world hockey shooting performance. Twenty four volunteers were recruited and randomly selected to complete the virtual training intervention or enter a control group with no training. Four primary types of data were collected: (1) participant’s experience with video games and hockey, (2) participant’s motivation toward video game use, (3) participant’s technical performance on real-world hockey, and (4) participant’s technical performance in virtual hockey.One-way multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the intervention group demonstrated significantly more real-world hockey accuracy (F(1,24) =15.43, p< 0.01, E.S. = 0.56) while shooting on goal than their control group counterparts (intervention M accuracy = 54.17%, SD=12.38, control M accuracy = 46.76%, SD=13.45). One-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) repeated measures indicated significantly higher outcome scores on real-world accuracy (35.42% versus 54.17%; ES = 1.52) and velocity (51.10 mph versus 65.50 mph; ES=0.86) of hockey shooting on goal. This research supports the idea that virtual training is an effective tool for increasing real-world hockey skill.
The Role of Differentially Expressed miRNAs and Potential miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Prostate Cancer Progression and Metastasis

Purpose: Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been discovered in prostate cancer progression however their function is not well understood, thereby further investigation is required to understand the importance of underlying mechanisms and their involvement in multiple signaling pathways, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets. In this study the role and expression levels of three miRNAs were evaluated: miR-21, miR-221 and miR-200c in different prostate cancer cell lines. In addition, based on the latest studies on miRNAs function, their association with other target genes and molecules were analyzed using bioinformatic tools. Methods: Three PCa cell lines PC3, LNCaP and VCaP and normal prostate epithelial cell line PNT1A were screened for miRNA expression levels using qPCR. miRNA target genes and their association with signaling pathways were analyzed through several Network and pathway analysis online tools. Findings: Upregulation of miR-21 and miR-221 was observed in PC3 and VCaP prostate cancer cells, respectively. According to KEGG analysis, we found that Hippo signaling pathway and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions were affected by miR-21 while miR-221 would interfere with ECM-receptor interaction, Fatty acid elongation and Huntington disease molecular networks. Exposure of PC3 cells to TGF-β (10 µM) caused upregulation of miR-21 with the evidence with increased invasion potential. Discussion and Conclusion: miRNAs could regulate several genes in multiple signaling pathways. Here, we demonstrated that in a panel of PCa cell lines, both mir-21 and miR-221 expressions were upregulated. miR-21 may be a dignostic and prognosticbiomarker for PCa.
Under what circumstances can immigrant patients and healthcare professionals co-produce health? - an interpretive scoping review

ABSTRACT Purpose Immigrant patients run a risk of receiving lower quality of care. Co-production, as the concept of how to collaboratively create valuable healthcare service for the patient, offers a new perspective that might help. The scoping review aimed at identifying and analysing factors facilitating co-production between immigrant patients and healthcare professionals. Methods We searched seven scientific databases for peer-reviewed publications of all study designs. Two reviewers independently screened the publications for eligibility and performed data extraction. Data were analysed by applying an inductive, interpretive approach for data synthesis. Results Fifteen publications were included for analysis. We identified six factors hat facilitate co-production: 1) prioritizing co-production in the organization, 2) providing a safe environment that promotes trust and patience, 3) using a language the patient understands, 4) respecting the patient’s knowledge and priorities, 5) improvising with knowledge and courage, and 6) engaging in self-reflection. Conclusions The scoping review illustrated that co-production with immigrant patients can be successful if the system and professionals are interested and prepared. Immigrant patients could be a valuable source of information and powerful co-producers of their own health. The study contributed to a growing body of research on patient-professional co-production in healthcare and might also prove relevant for other disadvantaged patient groups.
Song Does Not Function as a Signal of Direct Aggression in Two Leaf-Warbler Species

Abstract In many songbirds, males vary aspects of their singing behaviour when engaged in territorial interactions. Song rate, song type switching rate, song matching, song overlapping, and the use of specific song or call types have all been proposed to be aggressive signals. It is not clear why such variability in aggressive signaling mechanisms exists among different species. We used a comparative approach to study how two Phylloscopus warbler species respond to playback-simulated territorial intrusion. We examined whether the spontaneous songs of Large-billed Phylloscopus magnirostris and Sulphur-breasted P. ricketii leaf-warblers differed from songs produced in response to playback. Song bouts were analysed by measuring 10–12 parameters, but we found no differences between spontaneous songs and playback responses in either species. All males clearly responded to playback by approaching the loudspeaker and flying around it. Large-billed Leaf-warblers produced ‘crackling’ sounds in response to playback more frequently than during spontaneous singing, whereas the usually highly vocal Sulphur-breasted Leaf-warblers possibly (and surprisingly) did not use vocalizations (either songs or calls) to signal direct aggression. A comparison with other Phylloscopus species revealed that even closely related species (i.e. from a single genus) might use different strategies when responding to simulated territorial intrusion. The aggressive signalling strategy is therefore a labile trait that can potentially be exposed to fast evolutionary change.
The Role of Sumoylation in the Response to Hypoxia: An Overview

Sumoylation is the covalent attachment of the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) to a vast variety of proteins in order to modulate their function. Sumoylation has emerged as an important modification with a regulatory role in the cellular response to different types of stress including osmotic, hypoxic and oxidative stress. Hypoxia can occur under physiological or pathological conditions, such as ischemia and cancer, as a result of an oxygen imbalance caused by low supply and/or increased consumption. The hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), and the proteins that regulate their fate, are critical molecular mediators of the response to hypoxia and modulate procedures such as glucose and lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis and, in the case of cancer, tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we provide an overview of the sumoylation-dependent mechanisms that are activated under hypoxia and the way they influence key players of the hypoxic response pathway. As hypoxia is a hallmark of many diseases, understanding the interrelated connections between the SUMO and the hypoxic signaling pathways can open the way for future molecular therapeutic interventions.
Precancerous lesions of the cervix and its determinants among Ethiopian women: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Precancerous lesions of the cervix are changes in cervical cells that make them more likely to develop into cancer. Understanding the prevalence and determinants of the precancerous lesions of the cervix among women helps to take an action like vaccination programs, improving screening coverage, and close management and follow-up which could decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by cervical cancer. Materials and methods The international databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Cochrane Library and unpublished reports were systematically searched. Two authors independently extracted all necessary data using a standardized data extraction format. STATA 14 statistical software was employed to analyse the data. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity between the studies. A random-effect model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of precancerous lesions of the cervix in Ethiopia. Determinants of the precancerous lesion of cervix (early initiation of sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and history of sexually transmitted infection) were analysed. Results Thirteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and included in the meta-analysis. The I2 test result showed high heterogeneity (I2, 93.2%, p = <0.001). Using the random effect analysis, the pooled prevalence of precancerous lesions of the cervix among women in Ethiopia was 14.21% (95% CI (10.49, 17.94). After adjusting of publication bias using trim-and-fill method, the pooled prevalence was 9.43% (95% CI (5.23, 13.62). Women who had multiple sexual partners in their lifetime (OR:2.67 CI: 1.49,4.79) and had a history of sexually transmitted infections (OR:6.22 CI: 2.99,12.92) were more likely to have a precancerous lesion of the cervix. Conclusion The pooled prevalence of the precancerous lesions of the cervix among Ethiopian women was 9.43%. It was associated with having multiple sexual partners and a history of sexually transmitted infections.
Molecular Characteristics of Biofilm-Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates Causing Urinary Tract Infections

Background: Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most prevalent member of the human skin normal biota that plays an important role as a common cause of catheter and prosthetic device-related infections from, for example, indwelling catheters. Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the clonality of bioﬁlm-producing methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) strains isolated from catheterized patients with urinary tract infection at a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: Between 2014 and 2016, a total of 56 methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) strains were recovered from catheterized patients. TheMRSEisolatesweretestedforbioﬁlmformationanddiﬀerentgenesinvolvedinthisprocessweredetected. Clonaldis-semination of MRSE isolates was determined using the combination of pulsed-ﬁeld gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and SCC mec typing. Results: Out of the 56 MRSE strains, 50 (89%) formed bioﬁlm and were positive for icaA and icaD genes, and 73% (n = 41) harbored IS 256 . The PFGE patterns revealed a total of 32 diﬀerent pulsotypes consisting of 16 single types (STs), 16 common types (CTs), and 2 SCC mec types(IIIandIV)weredetected. Moreover,allSTscarriedSCC mec typeIVandclassiﬁedascommunity-acquiredstrains. Four CTs were common among bioﬁlm and non-bioﬁlm producing strains. Conclusions: The presence of icaA and icaD genes with a high prevalence of IS 256 element in clonal groups of MRSE strains sug-gests that ica , IS 256 , and bioﬁlm forming ability occur simultaneously in speciﬁc S. epidermidis clones and spread preferentially in hospitals and community.
Efficacy and Patient’s Acceptance of Alternative Methods for Caries Removal—A Systematic Review

Dental caries is a disease of dental hard tissues, considered the most common non-communicable disease worldwide. Conventional treatments for caries removal are often associated with pain and fear, so different therapeutic approaches have been developed towards more conservative and pleasant treatments. This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and patient’s acceptance of alternative methods for caries removal compared to conventional methods. The Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline/Pubmed, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials databases were searched. Clinical trials of primary dental caries treated with alternative methods were included. The last search was performed on 5 August 2020. The Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) strategy was followed. Thirty-seven clinical trials were included, reporting caries removal using alternative (chemomechanical—Brix 3000, Carie-care, Carisolv and Papacarie, laser—Er:YAG (Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) and Er,Cr:YSGG (Erbium, Chromium-doped Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium and Garnet), and a system combining air and sono-abrasion—Vector® System) and conventional methods. Alternative methods tended to prolong treatment time and lessen anesthesia need. All treatments were effective in reducing cariogenic flora, and the restoration’s performance did not differ significantly. Chemomechanical solutions seemed to be the best option towards minimally invasive treatments, with good control during application and action and good treatment experiences for patients. Papacarie was demonstrated to be an effective method for caries removal with less pain, and superior acceptance by patients when compared to conventional treatments.
Factors Affecting Subscribers’ Relationship Commitment in the Context of a Leading Wimax Internet Service Provider in Bangladesh

This study intends to investigate the relationships of technical quality, functional quality, communication effectiveness, and trust with relationship commitment in the context of the subscribers of the leading WiMax internet service provider (WISP) in Bangladesh. It presents a critical appraisal of a few important antecedents of subscribers’ relationship commitment, which eventually engenders customer loyalty. Data were collected from 172 subscribers by using a survey via the personal interview technique. Later, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression were carried out. All the inter-construct correlations were found to be strong and supported the hypothesized relationships with high statistical significance. In the third model identified from the stepwise multiple regression, three out of four hypotheses got supported empirically. The stepwise regression results revealed that technical quality, trust, and communication effectiveness are the significant and powerful predictors of relationship commitment respectively. Functional quality did not appear to be a statistically significant predictor of relationship commitment. A clear understanding of such important precursors of subscribers’ relationship commitment might encourage the service provider(s) to indentify the needful and take necessary measures to strengthen subscribers’ relationship commitment to create a loyal customer base.
Use of clomiphene citrate protocol for controlled ovarian stimulation impairs endometrial maturity

Introduction: Despite recent advances in assisted reproduction techniques and recent knowledge regarding embryo and endometrium quality, implantation and birth rates remain low. The objective of this study was to investigate whether clomiphene citrate alters endometrial maturation in infertile patients. Methods: In a prospective self-matched cohort study, we assessed the ovulation of women in spontaneous and stimulated cycles (with clomiphene citrate). We determined the ovulation day by ultrasound scanning. In both cycles, we took four blood samples (BS1 - at early proliferative phase, BS2 - at mid proliferative phase, BS3 - after ovulation and BS4 - at mid luteal phase) to determine the serum concentrations of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone. We retrieved an endometrial biopsy five days after ovulation, followed by blinded analysis and classification according to Noyes criteria, in both cycles. Results: Twenty-two participants completed the study. There were significant differences in FSH BS3 (p=0.001), in LH BS3 and BS4 (p<0.001 and p=0.049, respectively), in estradiol BS2, BS3 and BS4 (p<0.001, p=0.024 and p<0.001, respectively) and in progesterone BS3 and BS4 (p=0.028 and p<0.001, respectively). Considering Noyes criteria, there was a one-day delay when comparing the stimulated cycle with the spontaneous cycle (p=0.004), and a two-day delay when comparing the stimulated cycle with the biopsy day. Conclusion: This study indicates that ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate delays the endometrial maturity, and could possibly impair the implantation process due to asynchrony.
Scientific drilling workshop on the Weihe Basin Drilling Project (WBDP): Cenozoic tectonic–monsoon interactions

Abstract. The Weihe Basin, enclosed by the Chinese Loess Plateau to the north and the Qinling Mountains to the south, is an outstanding, world-class continental site for obtaining high-resolution multi-proxy records that reflect environmental changes spanning most of the Cenozoic. Previous geophysical and sedimentary studies indicate that the basin hosts 6000–8000 m thick fluvial–lacustrine sedimentary successions spanning the Eocene to Holocene. This sedimentary record provides an excellent and unique archive to decipher long-term tectonic–climate interactions related to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, the onset/evolution of the Asian monsoon, and the development of the biogeography of East Asia. Owing to its location at the interface of the opposing westerly and Asian monsoon circulation systems, the Weihe Basin also holds enormous promise for providing a record of changes in these circulation systems in response to very different boundary conditions since the Eocene. To develop an international scientific drilling programme in the Weihe Basin, the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, organized a dedicated workshop with 55 participants from eight countries. The workshop was held in Xi'an, China, from 15 to 18 October 2019. Workshop participants conceived the key scientific objectives of the envisaged Weihe Basin Drilling Project (WBDP) and discussed technical and logistical aspects as well as the scope of the scientific collaboration in preparation for a full drilling proposal for submission to the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP). Workshop participants mutually agreed to design a two-phase scientific drilling programme that will in a first phase target the upper 3000 m and in a second phase the entire up to 7500 m thick sedimentary infill of the basin. For the purpose of the 7500 m deep borehole, the world's only drill rig for ultra-deep scientific drilling on land, Crust 1, which previously recovered the entire continental Cretaceous sediments in the Songliao Basin, will be deployed in the WBDP.