Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Muscle Strength Changes in Hemiparetic Stroke Patients During Inpatient Rehabilitation

This study was performed to determine if muscle strength increases (during rehabilitation) in each of the four extremities of hemiparetic stroke patients and to determine whether percentage increases are related to initial strength or time since onset of hemiparesis. The strength of 14 muscle groups was measured with a hand-held dynamometer during an initial assessment and again prior to discharge. For seven of the muscle groups, strength increases were expressed as daily percentage increases relative to initial strength. The strength increased significantly in all four extremities between initial and final assessment. Percentage strength increases were greater in weaker muscles, albeit significantly in only two of seven muscle groups. Percentage strength increases were not correlated with time since onset of hemiparesis. Given the findings of this and previous studies, the clinician can probably conclude with some confidence that the muscle strength of all four extremities of stroke patients will, as a rule, improve during inpatient rehabilitation. It is doubtful that higher percentage increases in strength will allow patients with weaker muscles to gain strength to the point that their muscles are as strong as those of patients who were stronger initially.
Two Cases of Systemic Coronavirus-Associated Disease Resembling Feline Infectious Peritonitis in Domestic Ferrets in Japan

Abstract A systemic disease of domestic ferrets characterized by pyogranulomatous inflammation was first recognized in Europe and the United States in 2002. The disease closely resembled feline infectious peritonitis and subsequently has been shown to be associated with ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV). A definitive laboratory diagnosis of this disease is typically based on a combination of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests to detect FRSCV in granulomatous lesions. In 2010, this feline infectious peritonitis–like disease was first identified in a laboratory ferret in Japan, and laboratory confirmation of the clinical diagnosis was limited to IHC. This report describes 2 cases of systemic coronavirus-associated disease in ferrets presented to Japanese veterinary hospitals. Both presented with pyogranulomatous inflammation in the abdominal cavity, and both cases tested positive for coronavirus antigen by IHC. In 1 case, for which unfixed tissues were available, FRSCV RNA was detected by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in the affected tissues.
An in-the-ear platform for recording electroencephalogram

We introduce a novel approach to brain monitoring based on electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings from within the ear canal. While existing clinical and wearable systems are limited in terms of portability and ease of use, the proposed in-the-ear (ITE) recording platform promises a number of advantages including ease of implementation, minimally intrusive electrodes and enhanced accuracy (fixed electrode positions). It thus facilitates a crucial step towards the design of brain computer interfaces that integrate naturally with daily life. The feasibility of the ITE concept is demonstrated with recordings made from electrodes embedded on an earplug which are benchmarked against conventional scalp electrodes for a classic EEG paradigm.
Assessment of psychological modifications during pregnancy: Contribution of Derogatis Symptom check-list (SCL 90-R)

The purpose of this survey is to study the psychological modifications in women during pregnancy. the Hopkins Symptom check-list was used and the women questioned at the 6th month of pregnancy about symptoms experienced before and during pregnancy. This paper brings to light the existence and the extent of psychopathological modifications due to pregnancy. the analysis shows that pregnancy is accompanied by an accentuation of previously existing symptoms and by a generation of certain other symptoms not commonly noted. However, these modifications do not reach a psychopathological level comparable to that observed in subjects suffering from major disorders.
A Facile Approach to the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticle/Carbon Nanostructure Luminescent Composites

Luminescent carbon nanostructures (CNSs) have been intensively researched, but there is still no consensus on a fundamental understanding of their structure and properties that limits their potential applications. In this study, we developed a facile approach to the synthesis of luminescent composite SiO2 nanoparticles/CNSs by the targeted formation of a molecular fluorophore, as the significant luminescent component of CNSs, on the surface of a silica matrix during a one-stage hydrothermal synthesis. Silica nanoparticles were synthesized by reverse microemulsion and used as a matrix for luminescent composites. The as-prepared silica nanoparticles had a functional surface, a spherical shape, and a narrow size distribution of about 29 nm. One-stage hydrothermal treatment of citric acid and modified silica nanoparticles made it possible to directly form the luminescent composite. The optical properties of composites could be easily controlled by changing the hydrothermal reaction time and temperature. Thus, we successfully synthesized luminescent composites with an emission maximum of 450 nm, a quantum yield (QY) of 65 ± 4%, and an average size of ~26 nm. The synthesis of fluorophore doped composite, in contrast to CNSs, makes it possible to control the shape, size, and surface functionality of particles and allows for avoiding difficult and time-consuming fractionation steps.
Developing teaching opportunities in a day surgery unit

S tudents learn best when they have a supervised role in routine patient care. However, hospital inpatients today are often less representative of the conditions commonly seen by general medical practitioners. In contrast, patients attending for ambulatory care can provide not only teaching opportunities for practising history taking and physical examination but also exposure to additional management skills such as continuity of care, economics and the role of a multi-professional approach to care. Teaching opportunities can be expanded in this setting, where facilities may be underutilised. Seabrook et al. found that only 45 per cent of 227 medical schools used the day surgery unit (DSU) for teaching. Dunnington and DaRosa proposed highly structured learning modules in the DSU, where innovative teaching programmes could take place without compromising patient care.
Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase counteracts the development of renal dysfunction and progression of congestive heart failure in Ren‐2 transgenic hypertensive rats with aorto‐caval fistula

The detailed mechanisms determining the course of congestive heart failure (CHF) in hypertensive subjects with associated renal dysfunction remain unclear. In Ren‐2 transgenic rats (TGR), a model of angiotensin II (ANG II)‐dependent hypertension, CHF was induced by volume overload achieved by creation of the aorto‐caval fistula (ACF). In these rats we investigated the putative pathophysiological contribution of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and compared it with the role of the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS). We found that untreated ACF TGR exhibited marked intrarenal and myocardial deficiency of EETs and impairment of renal function. Chronic treatment of these rats with cis‐4‐[4‐(3‐adamantan‐1‐yl‐ureido)cyclohexyloxy]benzoic acid (c‐AUCB, 3 mg/L in drinking water), an inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) which normally degrades EETs, increased intrarenal and myocardial EETs, markedly improved survival rate, and increased renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion, without altering RAS activity. Chronic angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition (ACEi) with trandolapril, (6 mg/L in drinking water) improved survival rate even more, and also inhibited the development of renal dysfunction; these beneficial actions were associated with significant suppression of the vasoconstrictor/sodium retaining axis and further activation of the vasodilatory/natriuretic axis of the systemic and intrarenal RAS, without modifying tissue availability of biologically active fatty acid epoxides. In conclusion, these findings strongly suggest that chronic sEH inhibition and chronic treatment with ACEi, each of them altering a different vasoactive system, delay or even prevent the onset of decompensation of CHF in ACF TGR, probably by preventing the development of renal dysfunction.
Both Ox1R and Ox2R orexin receptors contribute to the cardiorespiratory response evoked from the perifornical hypothalamus

Orexin/hypocretin neurons are located in and around the perifornical hypothalamus. Disinhibition of this area in the anaesthetized preparation evokes cardiorespiratory changes that can be reduced to nearly half or more by systemic Almorexant, a dual receptor antagonist of the two known orexin receptors, Ox1R and Ox2R. It is not clear if these reductions result from the blockade of one receptor or both. To determine the contribution of the two receptors, we compared the effects of Almorexant to those of the selective Ox1R antagonist ACT335827 and the selective Ox2R antagonists EMPA and TCS‐OX2‐29. Bicuculline (20 pmol) was injected in the perifornical hypothalamus of urethane‐anaesthetized rats before and after administration of the drugs (all 15 mg/kg, intravenously). The pressor, tachycardic and tachypneic responses to bicuculline were attenuated/reduced by ACT335827 (by 19%, ns; 10%, ns and 24%, P < 0.01, respectively), EMPA (by 35% P < 0.01; 6%, ns; and 26% P < 0.05) and TCS‐OX2‐29 (by 13%, ns; 10%, ns and 42%, P < 0.001). These reductions represented only a fraction of the reduction after Almorexant (by 43%, P < 0.001; 42%, P < 0.001 and 65% P < 0.001). However, when the selective Ox1R and Ox2R antagonists were given in combination, the reductions were greater and closer to those of Almorexant (ACT335827 + EMPA, by 26%, P < 0.05; 24%, P < 0.05 and 47%, P < 0.001; ACT335827 + TCS‐OX2‐29, by 40%, P < 0.01; 26%, P < 0.001 and 59%, P < 0.0001). This was particularly clear with the tachypneic response. These results suggest that both orexin receptors contribute to the cardiorespiratory response evoked from the hypothalamus under anaesthesia. They are consistent with our previous study in the conscious animal.
Convergence analysis of an elitist non-homogeneous genetic algorithm with mutation probability adjusted by a fuzzy controller

In recent years, several attempts to improve the efficiency of the Canonical Genetic Algorithm have been presented. The advantage of the elitist non-homogeneous genetic algorithm is that variation of the mutation probabilities permits the algorithm to broaden its search space at the start and restrict it later on, however the way in which the mutation probabilities vary is defined before the algorithm is initiated. To solve this problem various types of controller can be used to adjust such changes. This work presents an elitist non-homogeneous genetic algorithm where the mutation probability is adjusted by a fuzzy controller. Although there are some studies in which fuzzy controllers have been used to adjust the parameters of a genetic algorithm, the goal of this work is that it describes the conditions needed so that a fuzzy controller can provide guaranteed convergence of the genetic algorithm. A generalized example illustrates that the conditions of convergence can be readily achieved. And finally, numeric simulations are used to compare the proposed algorithm with the canonical genetic algorithm.
Pattern of primary female genital cancer in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria: a 12-year Review

A retrospective study of 278 gynaecological malignancies was carried out for a period of 12 years (1990-2001) by the authors in the University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port-Harcourt (UPTH) with respect to age, site and histological pattern of the cancers in each anatomical class. Cancers of the cervix, ovaries and the vulva were commoner in the age group 50 – 59 years while those of the uterus and the vagina were commoner in the age group 60 – 69 years. Of the given anatomical classes, cancer of the cervix formed the majority, accounting for 63% of the cases, and the least was cancer of the vulva which recorded 3.2%. Others in order of frequency were ovary 15.5%, uterus 13.3% and vagina 5%. In all the cases, except those of the uterus and ovaries-where choriocarcinoma and serous papillary cystadenocarcinomas were more frequent, squamous cell carcinoma of “well and moderately differentiated variants formed majority. The uterine cancers were made up of both epithelial and mesenchymal cancers. Severely dysplastic lesions were considered as malignant since they showed all the characteristics of malignancy except infiltration of the surrounding tissues. Key words: Gynaecological malignancies; Age, Sites and Histological types Sahel Med. J. Vol.6(2) 2003: 34-39
Young offenders' perspectives on their literacy and communication skills.

BACKGROUND Research has revealed that the youth offending population has low language ability when assessed on standardized language measures. However, little is known about the perceptions young offenders (YOs) have of their own literacy ability and their communicative interactions with others. Such knowledge might further our understanding of the possible association between language, literacy and offending behaviour. AIMS This study investigates the perceptions and experiences YOs have of using literacy and communicating with others. It addresses the following questions. How satisfied are YOs with their own literacy and communication skills and how important do YOs perceive these to be? How much do YOs believe they understand others in their communicative interactions? How satisfied are YOs with their communicative interactions with others and how does this influence conflict at home, school, and in the youth justice system? METHODS & PROCEDURES An opportunity sample of 31 YOs on court orders were recruited from a local youth offending service, excluding any who did not have English as a first language or were in receipt of current speech and language therapy provision. Twenty-six qualitative individual semi-structured interviews and two focus group interviews were carried out and analysed using a framework analysis method. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Themes revealed participants were dissatisfied with their communication and literacy ability. Other themes identified were difficulty in understanding others, a perceived lack of support and respect gained from others, and a negative impact of communication on self-esteem. The findings suggest that YOs often found themselves in disputes with authority figures, but that they avoided using positive communication to solve such conflicts and also avoided confiding in others. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS The findings support the results found from quantitative research on the language abilities of YOs. This emphasizes the value in adopting qualitative methodology to understand the relationship between literacy, communication skills and offending behaviour in YOs. The findings highlight a need for increased language, literacy and communication training, and support for YOs, and for the staff who work alongside them.
Multimodal Prototype-Enhanced Network for Few-Shot Action Recognition

Current methods for few-shot action recognition mainly fall into the metric learning framework following ProtoNet. However, they either ignore the effect of representative prototypes or fail to enhance the prototypes with multimodal information adequately. In this work, we propose a novel Multimodal Prototype-Enhanced Network (MORN) to use the semantic information of label texts as multimodal information to enhance prototypes, including two modality flows. A CLIP visual encoder is introduced in the visual flow, and visual prototypes are computed by the Temporal-Relational CrossTransformer (TRX) module. A frozen CLIP text encoder is introduced in the text flow, and a semantic-enhanced module is used to enhance text features. After inflating, text prototypes are obtained. The final multimodal prototypes are then computed by a multimodal prototype-enhanced module. Besides, there exist no evaluation metrics to evaluate the quality of prototypes. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose a prototype evaluation metric called Prototype Similarity Difference (PRIDE), which is used to evaluate the performance of prototypes in discriminating different categories. We conduct extensive experiments on four popular datasets. MORN achieves state-of-the-art results on HMDB51, UCF101, Kinetics and SSv2. MORN also performs well on PRIDE, and we explore the correlation between PRIDE and accuracy.
Vocabulary intervention for adolescents with language disorder: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND Language disorder and associated vocabulary difficulties can persist into adolescence, and can impact on long-term life outcomes. Previous reviews have shown that a variety of intervention techniques can successfully enhance students' vocabulary skills; however, none has investigated vocabulary intervention specifically for adolescents with language disorder. AIMS To carry out a systematic review of the literature on vocabulary interventions for adolescents with language disorder. METHODS & PROCEDURES A systematic search of 14 databases and other sources yielded 1320 studies, of which 13 met inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were: intervention effectiveness studies with a focus on enhancing oral receptive and/or expressive vocabulary skills in the study's aims; participants in the age range 11;0-16;11 with receptive and/or expressive language difficulties of any aetiology. MAIN CONTRIBUTION There was a high degree of diversity between studies. Types of intervention included: semantic intervention (four studies); comparison of phonological versus semantic intervention (two); and combined phonological-semantic intervention (seven). The strongest evidence for effectiveness was found with a combined phonological-semantic approach. The evidence suggested a potential for all models of delivery to be helpful (individual, small group and whole class). CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Tentative evidence is emerging for the effectiveness of a phonological-semantic approach in enhancing the vocabulary skills of adolescents who have language disorder. Future research needs to refine and develop the methodologies used in this diverse group of studies in order to replicate their findings and to build consensus.
In situ analysis of oxygen consumption and diffusive transport in high-temperature acidic iron-oxide microbial mats.

The role of dissolved oxygen as a principal electron acceptor for microbial metabolism was investigated within Fe(III)-oxide microbial mats that form in acidic geothermal springs of Yellowstone National Park (USA). Specific goals of the study were to measure and model dissolved oxygen profiles within high-temperature (65-75°C) acidic (pH = 2.7-3.8) Fe(III)-oxide microbial mats, and correlate the abundance of aerobic, iron-oxidizing Metallosphaera yellowstonensis organisms and mRNA gene expression levels to Fe(II)-oxidizing habitats shown to consume oxygen. In situ oxygen microprofiles were obtained perpendicular to the direction of convective flow across the aqueous phase/Fe(III)-oxide microbial mat interface using oxygen microsensors. Dissolved oxygen concentrations dropped from ∼ 50-60 μM in the bulk-fluid/mat surface to below detection (< 0.3 μM) at a depth of ∼ 700 μm (∼ 10% of the total mat depth). Net areal oxygen fluxes into the microbial mats were estimated to range from 1.4-1.6 × 10(-4) μmol cm(-2) s(-1) . Dimensionless parameters were used to model dissolved oxygen profiles and establish that mass transfer rates limit the oxygen consumption. A zone of higher dissolved oxygen at the mat surface promotes Fe(III)-oxide biomineralization, which was supported using molecular analysis of Metallosphaera yellowstonensis 16S rRNA gene copy numbers and mRNA expression of haem Cu oxidases (FoxA) associated with Fe(II)-oxidation.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Korean Medicine Ambulatory Services: Comparing Panel Fixed Effect Model with Pooled Ordinary Least Square

Background: Korea is considered to have an integrative health system where both western medicine and Korean (traditional) medicine are officially recognized and provided. Although Korean medicine has been covered by National Health Insurance over 20 years, equity in the utilization of Korean medical care has rarely been examined. Methods: We examined medical care utilization and expenditure of outpatient Korean medicine using panel fixed effects model to remove selection bias. Then we compared it with pooled ordinary least square (OLS) model. This study used Korea Health Panel data, which provides accurate information on out-of-pocket health care payment, including non-covered medical services. Results: Principal findings indicate that the frequency of the utilization of Korean medicine is related with unobservable individual choices different from western medicine, so the panel fixed effect model is appropriate. But pooled OLS model is better fitted for the expenditure of Korean medicine, after controlling for western medical care expenditure. After adjusting for the selection bias, socioeconomic status (income, education) was significantly associated with the expenditure of Korean medicine, but not with the frequency of the utilization of Korean medicine. Conclusion: This study shows that expenditure of Korean medicine utilization is inequitable across socioeconomic groups, which implies that health insurance coverage of Korean medicine is not sufficient.
Bacterial communities and syntrophic associations involved in anaerobic oxidation of methane process of the Sonora Margin cold seeps, Guaymas Basin.

SUMMARY The Sonora Margin cold seeps present on the seafloor a patchiness pattern of white microbial mats surrounded by polychaete and gastropod beds. These surface assemblages are fuelled by abundant organic inputs sedimenting from the water column and upward-flowing seep fluids. Elevated microbial density was observed in the underlying sediments. A previous study on the same samples identified anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) as the potential dominant archaeal process in these Sonora Margin sediments, probably catalysed by three clades of archaeal anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME-1, ANME-2 and ANME-3) associated with bacterial syntrophs. In this study, molecular surveys and microscopic observations investigating the diversity of Bacteria involved in AOM process, as well as the environmental parameters affecting the composition and the morphologies of AOM consortia in the Sonora Margin sediments were carried out. Two groups of Bacteria were identified within the AOM consortia, the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus SEEP SRB-1a group and a Desulfobulbus-related group. These bacteria showed different niche distributions, association specificities and consortia architectures, depending on sediment surface communities, geochemical parameters and ANME-associated phylogeny. Therefore, the syntrophic AOM process appears to depend on sulphate-reducing bacteria with different ecological niches and/or metabolisms, in a biofilm-like organic matrix.