Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Evaluation of the STOEMP Network in Ghent: An Intersectoral Approach to Make Healthy and Sustainable Food Available to All

The STOEMP network is, to our knowledge, one of the first initiatives to bring different sectors together in a municipality so as to increase accessibility to healthy and sustainable foods for all, with particular attention for the disadvantaged population. This qualitative study aimed to gain an in-depth insight into how the STOEMP network aims to reach its goal of making healthy, sustainable food available to everyone, through an intersectoral, collaborative process, exploring the facilitators and challenges of taking a systems-oriented approach to achieving this. Interviews were conducted among 15 stakeholders of the STOEMP network between March–July 2019 in Ghent (Belgium). Factors that facilitated the development and work of the network are reported, including having an external, neutral process manager, shared values, multisector engagement, enthusiasm, resources, and sense of ownership, as well as the barriers that were faced, such as time issues, uncertainty regarding continuation and funding, and discrepancy in visions. These issues reflect the strengths and challenges of taking a systems approach that aims to formulate solutions to widening access to healthy and sustainable foods. STOEMP would like to influence policy and thereby strengthen its impact, but needs further discussions to collectively formulate exact needs.
Physiological Responses of Adult Rainbow Trout Experimentally Released through a Unique Fish Conveyance Device

Abstract We assessed the physiological stress responses (i.e., plasma levels of cortisol, glucose, and lactate) of adult Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss at selected time intervals after they had passed a distance of 15 m through a unique fish conveyance device (treatment fish) or not (controls). This device differs from traditional fish pumps in two important ways: (1) it transports objects in air, rather than pumping them from and with water; and (2) it uses a unique tube for transport that has a series of soft, deformable baffles spaced evenly apart and situated perpendicular within a rigid, but flexible outer shell. Mean concentrations of the plasma constituents never differed (P > 0.05) between control and treatment fish at 0, 1, 4, 8, or 24 h after passage, and only minor differences were apparent between the different time intervals within a group. We observed no obvious injuries on any of our fish. Our results indicate that passage through this device did not severely stress or injure fish and it.
Coupled Temperature-Deformation Computations for Viscoelastic Materials with Fractional Derivatives

Viscoelastic materials are those which display a combination of elastic and viscous behaviour. The stresses and their rate of change in such materials are dependent on strains as well as strain rates. Unlike elastic materials, a viscoelastic substance loses energy when a load is applied, then removed. Hysteresis is observed in the stressstrain curve, with the area of the loop being equal to the energy lost during the loading cycle. When a stress is applied to a viscoelastic material such as a polymer, parts of the long polymer chain change position. This movement or rearrangement is due to the viscous effects. Polymers remain a solid material even when these parts of their chains are rearranging in order to accompany the stress, and as this occurs, it creates a back stress in the material. When the back stress is the same magnitude as the applied stress, the body reaches mechanical equilibrium. When the original stress is taken away, the accumulated back stresses will cause the polymer to return to its original form. Viscoelastic behaviour is observed in a variety of different materials like rubbers, glasses and synthetic polymers (particularly polymer melts). The aim of this work is to implement a generic constitutive model for viscoelastic materials to develop a finite element code which can be used for simulating the rheological response of such materials.
Reassignment of the Genus Ectothiorhodospira Pelsh 1936 to a New Family, Ectothiorhodospiraceae fam. nov., and Emended Description of the Chromatiaceae Bavendamm 1924

I propose that the genus Ectothiorhodospira be placed in a new family, the Ectothiorhodospiraceae, as the only genus. The reasons for this proposal are discussed briefly, and a description of the new family and an emended description of the Chromatiaceae are given.
Characterizing rhizome bud dormancy in Polygonatum kingianum: Development of novel chill models and determination of dormancy release mechanisms by weighted correlation network analysis

This study was conducted to explore specific chill models and the mechanisms underlying rhizome bud dormancy break in Polygonatum kingianum. Rhizome buds were subjected to various chilling temperatures for different duration and then transferred to warm conditions for germination and subsequent evaluation of their response to temperature and chilling requirements. A CUkingianum model was constructed to describe the contribution of low temperature to the chill unit, and it was suggested that 2.97°C was the optimum temperature and that 11.54°C was the upper limit for bud release. The CASkingianum model showed the relationship between chilling accumulation and sprouting percentage; therefore, rhizome bud development could be predicted through the model. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) of transcriptomic data of endo-, eco- and nondormant rhizome buds generated 33 gene modules, 6 of which were significantly related to bud sprouting percentage. In addition, 7 significantly matched transcription factors (TFs) were identified from the promoters of 17 “real” hub genes, and DAG2 was the best matched TF that bound to AAAG element to regulate gene expression. The current study is valuable for developing a highly efficient strategy for seedling cultivation and provides strong candidates for key genes related to rhizome bud dormancy in P. kingianum.
Pre-culture before Agrobacterium Infection to Leaf Segments and Meropenem Improves the Transformation Efficiency of Apple (Malus * domestica Borkh.)

The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan Apple Research Station, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Morioka 020-0123, Japan National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, 036-8561, Japan The Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
Weekly, seasonal and holiday body weight fluctuation patterns among individuals engaged in a European multi-centre behavioural weight loss maintenance intervention

Background Technological advances in remote monitoring offer new opportunities to quantify body weight patterns in free-living populations. This paper describes body weight fluctuation patterns in response to weekly, holiday (Christmas) and seasonal time periods in a large group of individuals engaged in a weight loss maintenance intervention. Methods Data was collected as part The NoHoW Project which was a pan-European weight loss maintenance trial. Three eligible groups were defined for weekly, holiday and seasonal analyses, resulting in inclusion of 1,421, 1,062 and 1,242 participants, respectively. Relative weight patterns were modelled on a time series following removal of trends and grouped by gender, country, BMI and age. Results Within-week fluctuations of 0.35% were observed, characterised by weekend weight gain and weekday reduction which differed between all groups. Over the Christmas period, weight increased by a mean 1.35% and was not fully compensated for in following months, with some differences between countries observed. Seasonal patterns were primarily characterised by the effect of Christmas weight gain and generally not different between groups. Conclusions This evidence may improve current understanding of regular body weight fluctuation patterns and help target future weight management interventions towards periods, and in groups, where weight gain is anticipated.
The cellular basis of protease activated receptor type 2 (PAR2) evoked mechanical and affective pain

Protease-activated receptor type-2 (PAR2) has long been implicated in inflammatory and visceral pain, but the cellular basis of PAR2-evoked pain has not been delineated. While many studies have attributed PAR2-evoked pain to sensory neuron expression, RNA-sequencing experiments are ambiguous on detection of F2rl1 mRNA. Moreover, many pharmacological tools for PAR2 have been shown to be non-specific as they also act on the Mas-related (Mrg) family of g-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are highly enriched in sensory neurons. We sought to bring clarity to the cellular basis of PAR2 pain. We developed a PAR2 conditional mutant mouse by loxp targeting of exon 2 of the F2rl1 gene and specifically deleted PAR2 in all sensory neurons using the PirtCre mouse line. Our behavioral findings show that PAR2 agonist-evoked mechanical hyperalgesia and facial grimacing, but not thermal hyperalgesia, is completely dependent on PAR2 expression in sensory neurons that project to the hindpaw in male and female mice. F2rl1 mRNA is expressed in a discrete population (~4%) of sensory neurons that also express the Nppb and IL31ra genes. This cell population has previously been implicated in itch, but our work shows that PAR2 activation in these cells causes clear pain-related behaviors from the skin. Our findings clarify the mechanism through which proteases, like tryptase and elastase, cause pain via PAR2 activation in a small subset of nociceptors.
Dual-Branch Network With a Subtle Motion Detector for Microaction Recognition in Videos

By involving only subtle motions of body parts, video-based microaction recognition is a very important but challenging problem. Most existing action recognition methods are developed for general actions, and the current state-of-the-art methods usually largely rely on high-layer features learned from convolutional neural networks (CNNs). High-layer CNN features usually contain more semantic information but less detailed information. However, detailed information can be important for microactions due to the motion subtleness of such actions. In this paper, we propose to more effectively learn midlayer CNN features for enhancing microaction recognition. More specifically, we develop a new dual-branch network for microaction recognition: one branch uses the high-layer CNN features for classification, and the second branch further explores the midlayer CNN features for classification. In the second branch, we introduce a novel subtle motion detector consisting of three modules: 1) a discriminative spatial-temporal feature learning module, which further learns the subtle motion features corresponding to the discriminative spatial-temporal regions, 2) a parallel multiplier attention module, which further refines the features learned in channels and spatial-temporal domains, and 3) an activation fusion module, which fuses the max and average activations from midlayer CNN features for classification. In the experiments, we build a new microaction video dataset, where the micromotions of interest are mixed with other larger general motions such as walking. Comprehensive experimental results verify that the proposed method yields new state-of-the-art performance in two microaction video datasets, while its performance on two general-action video datasets is also very promising.
Chronic Inhibition of CYP3A is Temporarily Reduced by Each Hemodialysis Session in Patients With End‐Stage Renal Disease

Drug dosing is challenging in patients with end‐stage renal disease. Not only is renal drug elimination reduced, but nonrenal clearance pathways are also altered. Increasing evidence suggest that uremia impacts drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters leading to changes in nonrenal clearance. However, the exact mechanisms are not yet fully understood, and the acute effects of dialysis are inadequately investigated. We prospectively phenotyped cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A; midazolam) and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp)/organic anion‐transporting proteins (OATP; fexofenadine) in 12 patients on chronic intermittent hemodialysis; a day after (“clean”) and a day prior to (“dirty”) dialysis. Unbound midazolam clearance decreased with time after dialysis; median (range) reduction of 14% (−3% to 41%) from “clean” to “dirty” day (P = 0.001). Fexofenadine clearance was not affected by time after dialysis (P = 0.68). In conclusion, changes in uremic milieu between dialysis sessions induce a small, direct inhibitory effect on CYP3A activity, but do not alter P‐gp/OATP activity.
Generic Revision of the Procirrina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Pinophilini)

Abstract The paederine subtribe Procirrina is redescribed, the morphology, phylogenetic relationships, and distribution are discussed, and a key to the eight genera is presented. In the section on morphology, the female genital sclerites are discussed and terms are proposed for the fused sclerites. Neoprocirrus, Oedichirus, Oedodactylus, Palaminus, Paraprocirrus, Procirrus, and Pseudoprocirrus are redescribed and a list of the included species and examined species is included for each. Stylokyrtus, new genus, is described for Oedodactylus errans Sharp, 1876, new combination. Parapalaminus Bierig, 1943, Procirrinus Koch, 1934, and Oedichiranus Reitter, 1906, described as subgenera, are new synonyms of Palaminus, Procirrus, and Oedichirus respectively. The sister group of Procirrina is Pinophilina. The basal genus of the Procirrina is Oedodactylus; Pseudoprocirrus is the sister group to the remainder of the genera, which are clustered in two clades. Palaminus + Oedichirus comprise one of the two clades with Paraprocirrus and Procirrus + Neoprocirrus as its sister. As Stylokyrtus is known by only one specimen, most of the characters important to phylogenetic placement of the genus were unavailable for study and its position within the subtribe is ambiguous.
Construction of integrated genetic linkage maps by means of a new computer package: JOINMAP.

Summary A computerized procedure to construct integrated genetic maps is presented. The computer program (Join Map) can handle raw data from F2s, backcrosses and recombinant inbred lines, as well as listed pair-wise recombination frequencies. The procedure is useful for combining linkage data that have been collected in different experiments; the result is a mathematical alignment of the distinct genetic maps. Data from single experiments can be dealt with as well. In view of the fast growing amount of linkage information for molecular markers, which is often being generated by different research groups, integrated maps provide useful information on the map position of genes and DNA markers. The procedure performs a sequential build-up of the map and, at each step, a numerical search for the best fitting order of markers. Weighted least squares is used for the estimation of map distances.
Vietnamese version of the coronary artery disease education questionnaire—Short version: Translation, adaptation and validation

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Patient education is an essential part of cardiac patients’ care targeting self‐management behaviour to reduce risk factors and subsequent events. There has been no Vietnamese questionnaire to assess patient's knowledge about CAD; therefore, the purpose of this study was to translate, cross‐culturally adapt and validate the Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire—Short Version (CADE‐Q SV) for use in Vietnam.
TUDCA inhibits HSV‐1 replication by the modulating unfolded protein response pathway

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid, was used to protect liver function through antiapoptosis or reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress). Previous studies showed that ER stress was modulated by herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV‐1) infection to facilitate viral replication. Here, we investigated the effect of TUDCA on HSV‐1 infection of HEC‐1‐A cells and showed that both replication and multiplication of the virus were inhibited by TUDCA in a dose dependent manner. Unfolded protein response was induced to deliver stress signals from ER to nucleus. We found that TUDCA alleviated activating transcription factor 6 branch inhibition, partially enhanced protein kinase RNA‐like ER kinase pathway activation, and repressed inositol‐requiring protein 1α arm activation significantly in infected cells. The findings of this study suggest that TUDCA inhibits HSV‐1 replication through ER stress pathway, which may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for HSV‐1 infection.
Variations Among Human Lumbar Spine Segments and Their Relationships to In Vitro Biomechanics: A Retrospective Analysis of 281 Motion Segments From 85 Cadaveric Spines

ABSTRACT Background: Biomechanical properties of intact spinal motion segments are used to establish baseline values during in vitro studies evaluating spinal surgical techniques and implants. These properties are also used to validate computational models (ie, patient-specific finite element models) of human lumbar spine segments. Our laboratory has performed a large number of in vitro mechanical studies of lumbar spinal segments, using a consistent methodology. This provides extensive biomechanical data for a large number of intact motion segments, along with donor demographic variables, bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, and geometric properties. The objective of this study was to analyze how donor demographics, BMD, and geometric properties of cadaveric lumbar spine segments affect motion segment flexibility, including the range of motion (ROM), lax zone (LZ), and stiff zone (SZ), to help improve our understanding of spinal biomechanics. Methods: A retrospective study examined the relationships between the biomechanical properties of 281 lumbar motion segments from 85 human cadaveric spines, donor demographic variables (age, sex, weight, height, and body mass index), and specimen measurements (vertebral body height, intervertebral disc height, and BMD). Results: Statistical correlation and regression analyses showed that the flexibility of a lumbar motion segment is affected by lumbar level, donor age, sex, and weight as well as the intervertebral disc height, vertebral body height, and bone quality. Increased disc height was associated with decreased ROM (axial rotation), decreased LZ (flexion-extension and axial rotation), and increased SZ (flexion-extension and lateral bending) in the male group, but increased ROM (lateral bending) in the female group. Increased vertebral body height correlated with increased LZ (lateral bending) in the female group. Increased BMD correlated with decreased ROM overall. Conclusions: Biomechanical measurements from flexibility testing of cadaveric lumbar spine segments are significantly correlated with donor demographics and specimen measurements. Many of these correlations are sex-dependent.
Phylogeny of the genus Scathophaga (Diptera : Scathophagidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences

Scathophaga stercoraria has been used for a large number of studies in animal ecology and evolution. Morphological phylogenetic work on the relationships among flies of the family Scathophagidae in general, and the genus Scathophaga in particular, has led to limited or incomplete conclusions. We addressed these relationships by sequencing 810 base pairs (bp) from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and 738 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene in 16 species of Scathophagidae. Phylogenetic analysis of these two protein-coding genes allows us to resolve relatively well the relationships within the genus Scathophaga, using both separate and combined (COI + Cyt b) data. Most of the phylogenetic trees generated by our data support the following relationships: (((S. analis + S. inquinata) + S. lutaria) + S. cineraria + (S. taeniopa + S. suilla + S. incola) + S. furcata + S. tropicalis). The most noteworthy findings are that (i) S. obscura and S. tinctinervis, which were formerl.
Ofloxacin laden microemulsion contact lens to treat conjunctivitis

Abstract Currently, conjunctivitis is treated using ofloxacin eye drop solution, which shows low bioavailability and patient non-compliance. Ofloxacin loaded contact lens can be used to overcome the issues related to eye drop solutions (i.e. low bioavailability and frequent instillation). However, the conventional soaking method shows poor ofloxacin uptake and significantly affect the swelling and optical properties of the contact lenses. The current research investigates the effect of microemulsion on the ofloxacin uptake and its effect on the physical properties of the contact lens along with ofloxacin-release kinetics. In comparison to the conventional soaking method (Of-SM, ofloxacin-packaging solution), the ofloxacin loaded microemulsion-soaked contact lenses (Of-ME) showed improved drug uptake and physical properties of the contact lenses. The in vitro release data of Of-ME contact lenses showed 72–120 h release profile, while Of-SM contact lenses showed 24–60 h. The in vivo drug release data in the tear fluid (New Zealand rabbit’s eye) showed high ofloxacin retention in comparison to the eye drop solution. The efficacy study in the rabbit model showed equivalent healing effect with the Of-ME contact lens in comparison to the frequent high dose eye drop therapy. Thus, the study demonstrates the application of microemulsion system to improve the ofloxacin loading capacity in the contact lens along with improvement in the physical properties to treat conjunctivitis.
Genetic differentiation in relation to restricted dispersal of the convict surgeon fish, Acanthurus triostegus, in French Polynesia

Genetic markers were used to study larval dispersal in coral reef fishes in order to investigate the impact of migration during the pelagic phase on island recruitment. Samples of Acanthurus trjostegus were collected from 11 sites in French Polynesia in order to examine 3 different spatial scales (Island, Archipelago and Polynesia). To examine the effects of gene flow on population heterogeneity and population substructuring in A. triostegus, starch gel electrophoresis on 10 polymorphic loci encoding 10 enzymes was used [heterozygoty (H) = 0.325 f 0.045; polyrnorphism level = 0.3231. Nei's genetic distances calculated on the 10 polymorphic loci were very high (between 0.004 and 0.194 with an average of 0.058) and G-tests made on a single locus between pairwse samples showed 5 groups to be significantly different: 1 group comprised samples from T~ahura, Tubuai. Maiao, Tetiaroa, Pt. Paroa and Tahiti; 1 group comprised samples from Muroroa and Managreva and 3 other groups comprised the isolated samples from Takapoto, Bora-Bora and Nuku-H~va respectively. Fixation index (F,,) values indicate significant differentiation between the 11 samples (F, = 0.0886 on 11 populations), even between Bora-Bora and Moorea which are separated by 250 km. Estimates of gene flow (N,m: absolute numer of migrants at equilibrium), assuming equilibnum between the samples, were < 10 individuals per generation, which is sufficient to ensure that the same alleles will be shared over long periods, but not sufficient to maintain identical allelic frequencies between populations A hypothesis is proposed to illustrate the genetic structure of A. triostegus observed in French Polynesia based on ocean currents and the behaviour of the larval oceanic phase.