Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpreting tracer breakthrough tailing from different forced‐gradient tracer experiment configurations in fractured bedrock

Conceptual and mathematical models are presented that explain tracer breakthrough tailing in the absence of significant matrix diffusion. Model predictions are compared to field results from radially convergent, weak‐dipole, and push‐pull tracer experiments conducted in a saturated crystalline bedrock. The models are based upon the assumption that flow is highly channelized, that the mass of tracer in a channel is proportional to the cube of the mean channel aperture, and the mean transport time in the channel is related to the square of the mean channel aperture. These models predict the consistent −2 straight line power law slope observed in breakthrough from radially convergent and weak‐dipole tracer experiments and the variable straight line power law slope observed in push‐pull tracer experiments with varying injection volumes. The power law breakthrough slope is predicted in the absence of matrix diffusion. A comparison of tracer experiments in which the flow field was reversed to those in which it was not indicates that the apparent dispersion in the breakthrough curve is partially reversible. We hypothesize that the observed breakthrough tailing is due to a combination of local hydrodynamic dispersion, which always increases in the direction of fluid velocity, and heterogeneous advection, which is partially reversed when the flow field is reversed. In spite of our attempt to account for heterogeneous advection using a multipath approach, a much smaller estimate of hydrodynamic dispersivity was obtained from push‐pull experiments than from radially convergent or weak dipole experiments. These results suggest that although we can explain breakthrough tailing as an advective phenomenon, we cannot ignore the relationship between hydrodynamic dispersion and flow field geometry at this site. The design of the tracer experiment can severely impact the estimation of hydrodynamic dispersion and matrix diffusion in highly heterogeneous geologic media.
THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE UV LEGACY SURVEY OF GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. VII. IMPLICATIONS FROM THE NEARLY UNIVERSAL NATURE OF HORIZONTAL BRANCH DISCONTINUITIES

The UV-initiative Hubble Space Telescope Treasury survey of Galactic globular clusters provides a new window into the phenomena that shape the morphological features of the horizontal branch (HB). Using this large and homogeneous catalog of UV and blue photometry, we demonstrate that the HB exhibits discontinuities that are remarkably consistent in color (effective temperature). This consistency is apparent even among some of the most massive clusters hosting multiple distinct sub-populations (such as NGC 2808, ω Cen, and NGC 6715), demonstrating that these phenomena are primarily driven by atmospheric physics that is independent of the underlying population properties. However, inconsistencies arise in the metal-rich clusters NGC 6388 and NGC 6441, where the discontinuity within the blue HB (BHB) distribution shifts ∼1000–2000 K hotter. We demonstrate that this shift is likely due to a large helium enhancement in the BHB stars of these clusters, which in turn affects the surface convection and evolution of such stars. Our survey also increases the number of Galactic globular clusters known to host blue-hook stars (also known as late hot flashers) from 6 to 23 clusters. These clusters are biased toward the bright end of the globular cluster luminosity function, confirming that blue-hook stars tend to form in the most massive clusters with significant self-enrichment.
A Field Analysis of Relational Database Schemas in Open-source Software

The relational schemas of 512 open-source projects storing their data in MySQL or PostgreSQL databases are investigated by querying the standard information schema, looking for various issues. These SQL queries are released as the Salix free software. As it is fully relational and relies on standards, it may be installed in any compliant database to help improve schemas. The overall quality of the surveyed schemas is poor: a majority of projects have at least one table without any primary key or unique constraint to identify a tuple; data security features such as referential integrity or transactional back-ends are hardly used; projects that advertise supporting both databases often have missing tables or attributes. PostgreSQL projects have a better quality compared to MySQL projects, and it is even better for projects with PostgreSQL-only support. However, the difference between both databases is mostly due to MySQL-specific issues. An overall predictor of bad database quality is that a project chooses MySQL or PHP, while good design is found with PostgreSQL and Java. The few declared constraints allow to detect latent bugs, that are worth fixing: more declarations would certainly help unveil more bugs. Our survey also suggests some features of MySQL and PostgreSQL as particularly error-prone. This first survey on the quality of relational schemas in open-source software provides a unique insight in the data engineering practice of these projects
Structural techniques for alignment of structurally dissymmetric taxonomies

This paper deals with taxonomy alignment and presents the structural techniques of an alignment method suitable with a dissymmetry in the structure of the mapped taxonomies. The aim is to allow a uniform access to documents belonging to a same application domain, assuming retrieval of documents is supported by taxonomies. We applied our method to various taxonomies using our prototype TaxoMap.
A Compact Dual-band Planar 4-Way Power Divider

─ In this paper, an optimized approach based on T-shaped step impedance transmission line is proposed to design a compact dual band 4-way planar power divider. In the proposed structure, the 100 Ω quarter wavelength transmission lines are equaled by the Tshaped step impedance transmission lines )SITLs) which achieve the design equations with two freedom degrees. Then, the invasive weed optimization is used to find the optimized design parameters. Three power dividers with different operation frequencies ratio are designed and simulated to show the method ability. Finally, one 4-way planar power divider is fabricated and measured to verify the ability and power of the proposed approach which shows 53% compactness and proper specifications in both the operation frequencies. Index Terms ─ Compact, dual band, planar, power divider.
Subordinated Binomial Option Pricing with Stochastic Arrival Intensity and Untraded Underlying Asset

We extend the subordinated binomial option pricing model with stochastic arrival intensity (Chang, Chang and Lu, 2010) to allow for untraded underlying assets by using matching futures prices to imply out the underlying asset values. We empirically apply the model to VIX option pricing vis-a-vis the original model with constant arrival intensity (Chang, Chang and Tian, 2006) using a two-year set of daily VIX options and futures data to specifically examine the efficacy of adding stochastic arrival intensity and untraded underlying assets. We find that the extended version significantly outperforms the original model both in sample and out-of-sample in terms of the MSE, with pricing error reduction about 37% and 32%, respectively, and additionally the outperformance is robust to the selection of the constant arrival intensity level. We attribute the outperformance to the extended model’s incorporation of the stylized effects of mean-reversion and clustering in intensity arrivals as well as of the information content conveyed by the matching futures prices.
MPPT for PV system based on variable step size P & O algorithm

This paper presents some improvements on the Perturb and Observe (P & O) method to overcome the common drawbacks of conventional P & O method. The main advantage of this modified algorithm is its simplicity with higher accuracy results, compared to the conventional methods. The operation of the entire solar Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) system was observed through two different approaches, which are through MATLAB/Simulink simulation and hardware implementation. A small scale of hardware design, which consists of solar PV cell, boost converter and Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller, had been utilized for further verification on the simulation results. The simulation results that was carried out by this modified P & O algorithm showed improvement and a promising performance: faster convergence speed of 0.67s, small oscillation at steady state region and promising efficiency of 95.23%. Besides, from the hardware results, the convergence time of the power curve was able to maintain at 0.2s and give almost zero oscillation during steady state. It is envisaged that the method is useful in future research of Photovoltaic (PV) system.
Adaptability, engagement and academic achievement at university

Abstract University entry is a time of great change for students. The extent to which students are able to effectively navigate such change likely has an impact on their success in university. In the current study, we examined this by way of adaptability, the extent to which students’ adaptability is associated with their behavioural engagement at university, and the extent to which both are associated with subsequent academic achievement. A conceptual model reflecting this pattern of predicted relations was developed and tested using structural equation modelling. First-year undergraduate students (N = 186) were surveyed for their adaptability and behavioural engagement at the beginning of their first year. Following this, students’ academic achievement was obtained from university records at the end of Semester 1 and 2 of first-year university. Findings showed that adaptability was associated with greater positive behavioural engagement (persistence, planning, and task management) and lower negative behavioural engagement (disengagement and self-handicapping). Moreover, negative behavioural engagement was found to inversely predict academic achievement in Semester 1, which predicted academic achievement in Semester 2. The educational implications of the findings are discussed.
Three branches of dynamo action

In addition to the weak-dipolar state and to the fluctuating-multipolar state, widely discussed in the literature, a third regime has been identified in (Dormy 2016 J. Fluid. Mech. 789 500–13). It corresponds to a strong-dipolar branch which appears to approach, in a numerically affordable regime, the magnetostrophic limit relevant to the dynamics of the Earth’s core. We discuss the transitions between these states and point to the relevance of this strong-dipolar state to Geodynamo modelling.
A New Approach to -Bernoulli Numbers and -Bernoulli Polynomials Related to -Bernstein Polynomials

We present a new generating function related to the -Bernoulli numbers and -Bernoulli polynomials. We give a new construction of these numbers and polynomials related to the second-kind Stirling numbers and -Bernstein polynomials. We also consider the generalized -Bernoulli polynomials attached to Dirichlet's character and have their generating function . We obtain distribution relations for the -Bernoulli polynomials and have some identities involving -Bernoulli numbers and polynomials related to the second kind Stirling numbers and -Bernstein polynomials. Finally, we derive the -extensions of zeta functions from the Mellin transformation of this generating function which interpolates the -Bernoulli polynomials at negative integers and is associated with -Bernstein polynomials.
An Expert System for Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Fuzzy Classifier with Ant Colony Optimization

Medical diagnosis is a complex process in which the result of the diagnosis has to be more accurate. Medical expert systems can assist physicians to make fast, accurate and meaningful clinical decisions. This paper proposes a medical decision support system based on fuzzy logic and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) for the breast cancer diagnosis using Wisconsin’s breast cancer dataset of UCI machine learning repository. A set of fuzzy rules are extracted from patient dataset using Fuzzy Logic and ACO. The ACO algorithm optimizes these extracted fuzzy rules and generates optimized set of rules. The fuzzy inference system uses these optimized rules to perform classification of the test data. Ten-fold cross validation procedure is used to evaluate the performance of the system in terms of the classification accuracy. The results show that the proposed model achieves better accuracy with other existing systems in the literature.
Experimental limits for low-frequency space-time fluctuations from ultrastable optical resonators

It has been suggested that space-time might undergo fluctuations because of its intrinsic quantum nature. These fluctuations would pose a fundamental limit to the ability of measuring distances with arbitrary precision, beyond any limitations due to standard quantum mechanics. Laser interferometers have recently been proposed as being suited for a search for the existence of space-time fluctuations. Here we present results of a search for space-time fluctuations of very low fluctuation frequencies, in the range from 1 \ensuremath{\mu}Hz to 0.5 Hz. Rigid optical interferometers made out of sapphire and operated at cryogenic temperature were used. We find an upper limit of $1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}24}{\mathrm{Hz}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ for the normalized distance noise spectral density at 6 \ensuremath{\mu}Hz, and of $1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}28}{\mathrm{Hz}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ above 5 mHz, and establish an experimental limit for the parameter of a recently proposed random-walk hypothesis.
INNOVATION AND TEACHERS’ IN SERVICE EDUCATION: THE CULTURE BASED APPROACH

In the text presented below the two key words: innovation and teachers’ in-service education are structured in terms of relationship and are included in the current global scenario that sees not just Italian, but each school in any foreign country committed to interface with new and complex problems. It is also argued the implications of them, on an application field, where the theoretical and praxical dimensions receive mediation and which supports the suggestion of a cultural approach to the teachers’ in-service education.
David Bellos’ Indirect Translation of Ismail Kadare’s The File on H: A Contextual Analysis

This article is a linguistic study of David Bellos’ indirect translation of Ismail Kadare’s The File on H (1997), a novel first published in 1980-1981 in the Albanian literary review Nentori, and translated into English on the basis of Jusuf Vrioni’s French version, Le Dossier H (1989). Also called “double”, “mediated” or “second-hand”, indirect translation is an understudied phenomenon, often criticised by scholars because of its greater distance to the original. Cay Dollerup (2000: 23), for example, argues that the grammatical structure of the mediating language (ML) obscures the distinctions made in the source language (SL), and that possible “mistakes” in the ML may be repeated in the target language (TL). Do fidelity and loyalty to the author become weakened in Bellos’ indirect translation? To what extent is such weakening discernible linguistically? And does this particular case of indirect translation reveal notable patterns or recurring types of linguistic shifts between ST and TT? Showing that some of the features specific to Kadare’s Albanian writing are tempered in the doubly-translated English text, yet highlighting that similar shifts occur in the three language directions involved, this article demonstrates that changes between ST and TT may occur in indirect translation regardless of the strategies adopted by MT – thus challenging the hypothesis that linguistic shifts in indirect translation follow a single or consistent pattern.
From Rubbish to a Large Scale Industry： A Simple Fabrication of Superfiber with Multitasking Applications

In the whole earth, people increased dramatically from generation to generation which had created a large scale of broken environment so that people are facing more various types of garbage. Most of garbages are not useful and as a matter of fact, they are used to be neglected. Furthermore, many efforts have been conducted to change it by many types of recycled methods. Here, a simple technique is proposed with and without using fires to transform the useless natural or man-made rubbish things to be a superfiber as well as thin film with multitasking applications in human daily life. Since most of earth environment is covered by oceans, here the authors show how the ocean related garbage such as the crab skins, broken coral reefs and beach stones were changed to be superfiber and a multitasking device prototype.
Conditional Maximum Likelihood Estimation Using Rational Function Growth Transform

We present a study on conditional maximum likelihood (CML) estimation of probability models by means of a well known technique that generalizes the Baum-Eagon inequality [1] from polynomials to rational functions. The main advantage of the rational function growth transform (RFGT) method [5] is that it keeps the model parameter values — probabilities — properly normalized at each iteration. As a case study we apply the technique to discriminatively train a Na ̈ ıve B yes (NB) classifier; the same procedure is at the basis of discriminative training of HMMs in speech recognition [6]. The NB model trained under the maximum likelihood (ML) and CML criteria, respectively, is used on a text classification problem. Smoothing is found to be a key component in increasing the classification accuracy. A simple modification of the algorithm increases the convergence speed significantly — as measured by likelihood and classification accuracy increase per iteration — over a straightforward implementation of RFGT. The model trained under the CML criterion achieves a relative improvement of 40% in classification accuracy over its ML counterpart [3]. The NB model can also be re-parameterized as a standard conditional exponential model encoutered in maximum entropy (MaxEnt) estimation [2]. Although the two parameterizations are in principle equivalent and should lead to the same model when trained under CML, the conditional exponential model estimated using improved iterative scaling (IIS) and smoothing with a Gaussian prior [4] outperforms the smoothed NB model estimated using RFGT when evaluated in terms of classification accuracy.
Alcoholic fermentation of lactose by engineered flocculent Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The construction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with the ability to ferment lactose has biotechnological interest, particularly for cheese whey fermentation to ethanol. Direct fermentation of whey to ethanol is generally not economically feasible because the low lactose content (ca. 5% w/v) results in low ethanol titre (2 – 3% v/v), making the distillation process too expensive. Concentration of whey lactose (e.g. by ultrafiltration) prior to fermentation is an option to obtain higher ethanol titres. Microbial strains are therefore needed that can efficiently convert high concentrations of lactose into ethanol. We describe here the engineering of a S. cerevisiae strain for efficient lactose fermentation, involving genetic and evolutionary engineering strategies. The evolved strain obtained fermented efficiently lactose concentrations up to 150 g⋅L, including 3fold concentrated cheese whey, producing ethanol titres up to 8% v/v. The strain is highly flocculent, a property that makes it particularly suitable for the development of high cell density fermentation processes.
A shared signal system 1 Running head: SHARED SIGNALS IDENTIFYING PERSONALITY FROM THE STATIC, NON-EXPRESSIVE FACE IN HUMANS AND CHIMPANZEES: EVIDENCE OF A SHARED SYSTEM FOR SIGNALLING PERSONALITY

Many aspects of personality are honestly signalled on the human face, as shown by accurate identification of personality traits from static images of unknown faces with neutral expressions. Here we examine the evolutionary history of this signal system. In four studies, we found that untrained human observers reliably discriminated characteristics related to extraversion solely from non-expressive facial images of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In chimpanzees, as in humans, there is therefore information in the static, non-expressive face that signals aspects of an individual’s personality. We suggest this performance is best explained by shared personality structure and signalling in the two species. A shared signal system 3
Functional Combinatory Categorial Grammar

Functional Combinatory Categorial Grammar (FCCG) advances the field of combi- natory categorial grammars by enabling semantic dependencies to be determined directly from the syntactic derivation under the action of a small set of extraction rules. Pred- icates are extracted composably and can be used to apply semantic constraints during parsing. The approach is an alternative to that of classical CCG which requires (i) map- ping from categories to lambda expressions, (ii) a set of semantic transformation rules for unary combination, and (iii) an explicit �-reduction stage. GFCCG, a generalised form of the grammar, has previously been applied to situation assessment (McMichael, Jarrad, & Williams, 2006). In FCCG, combinators are largely distinguished by their semantic purpose. Unary combination is only used for preterminal-terminal transitions. Replacing unary type- raising and type-changing by their binary counterparts R and P tends to reduce parse ambiguity. Four other binary combinators are introduced to model various semantic phenomena: functional composition (F), modification (M), apposition (A) and copular modification (Q). Of the combinators of classical CCG, only binary coordination (&) is retained. The category is the natural feature structure for CCG, and we show how it may be extended to host semantic and parsing-related features compactly. The grammar is demon- strated by extracting an FCCG-annotated corpus from the Penn treebank using the com- binator calculator described in (Foreman & McMichael, 2004). Only fifty categories and 140 productions cover 99.7% of the extracted corpus, a substantially more efficient repre- sentation than previous conversions. We adopt a factored conditional statistical model, and provide an efficient iterative learning algorithm involving direct feedback of parsing errors that does not require enu- meration of the parse forest. While the best parser performances on data derived from the Penn treebank have come from fully lexicalized parsers, we have been motivated by the need to provide good coverage outside that relatively narrow training domain. We have therefore used a semilexicalised feature model, which does not, for example, contain bilexicalised features. Spurious ambiguity is controlled via probabilistic scoring coupled with agenda-based A* parsing. The parser uses an auxiliary queue prioritized by multi-tag probabilities for terminal node introduction. The parser's syntactic dependency F-score of 79.2% compares well with the best labelled syntactic dependency F-score for a fully lexicalised CCG parser tested on data consistent with the training domain of 84.6% (Clark & Curran, 2004b). The parser obtained a semantic extraction F-score of 83.1%.