Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accelerating Call Route Query of Multi-domain SIP System via P2P

Large IP Telephone system may contain multiple domains, and the delay of DNS query across domains may be large. In this paper, the efficiency of call routing in multi-domain SIP system is improved by employing P2P technology. The P2P-SIP system architecture is designed and a no-worse-than- two-hop query algorithm is presented. The formulas for evaluating the performance of the proposed solution are derived. The efficiency of call routing process can be effectively enhanced, and the instability in the system operation can be avoided. The proposed solution can be applied to national wide enterprises or organizations.
Incentives Schemes Under New Regulations

Due to the financial crisis of 2007, regulatory authorities engaged in a fundamental reconsideration of how they approach financial regulation and supervision. Therefore, that financial crisis caused the need of a significant change of the regulations of remuneration in the financial sector in the EU. It is worth to notice that the EU led the way internationally as the EU’ s approach has exerted externally. The European Securities and Markets Authority published guidelines on the managers’ remuneration policies of investment funds. The guidelines introduced new standards for investment managers. In this thesis, we study the managerial behaviour due to changes to incentive schemes. We consider a manager who is offered an awarded fee by the investor based on a specific model, which we will subsequently analyse. Moreover, the manager withholds a percentage of the earned bonuses in an account for some time period. We study how the management fee ranges accordingly to how small or big is the amount which is saved in the account. Finally, we observe that the existence of the account evolves more risk taking but it gives higher total fees. Keywords–Regulations, Bellman equation, bonus, dynamic programming, incentives, portfolio choice, value function, manager, account Acknowledgements I am incredibly thankful for the support and guidance provided by my supervisor, Mattias Sunden, without whom this work would not have been possible. I extend my sincere gratitude to him, for trusting me and being patient to my naive mistakes and questions. Thank you for all your help! It has been a great pleasure! I would also like to thank Manos for his support and help these two past years. Thank you for giving me valuable advice. I owe so much to my wonderful friends that have made life much more enjoyable during my time here. Thank you Christina, Angelos, Stavros, Chloe, Maria, Iosif, Yiannis, Giorgos, Vasilis, Petros. To anyone I might have forgotten, please forgive me. I am grateful to my colleagues Verena, Juna, Mariam, Youngin, Maxim and David without whom studying would be boring! Of course a big thanks goes to my friend Roula for all the wonderful time we had together while she was in Sweden. Thank you for the discussions we had and for your continuous encouragement. I am happy to have met you and hope to be seeing you more often. I admit that it was not easy being far from some persons when I left Greece. Viktoria, Tasia, Litsa, Nairouz and many many others I miss you terribly. I extend my deepest gratitude to my amazing family whom I owe everything. My parents and my brother for encouraging, advising and supporting me through all my life. Last, but definitely, not least, I would like to thank my better half Giannis. You are the most incredible, generous, wonderful, magnificent person I have ever met. Thank you for encouraging me, supporting all my decisions, making my life prettier, calming me down when stress had gotten the best of me and being there for me. Vasiliki Kalogeropoulou, Gothenburg 2015
A stream tracer technique employing ionic tracers and specific conductance data applied to the Maimai catchment, New Zealand

The stream tracer technique and transient storage models (TSMs) have become common tools in stream solute and hyporheic exchange studies. The expense and logistics associated with water sample collection and analysis often results in limited temporal resolution of stream tracer breakthrough curves (BTCs). Samples are often collected without a priori or real‐time knowledge of BTC information, which can result in poor sample coverage of the critical shoulder (initial rise) and tail (post‐steady state fall) of the BTC. We illustrate the use of specific conductance (SC) measurements as a surrogate for conservative dissolved tracer (Br−) samples. The advantages of collecting SC data for use in the TSM are (1) cost, (2) ease of data collection, and (3) well‐defined breakthrough curves, which strengthen TSM parameter optimization. This method is based on developing an ion concentration (IC)–SC relationship from limited discrete tracer solute samples. SC data can be collected on a more frequent basis at no additional analysis cost. TSM simulations can then be run for the conservative tracer data derived from SC breakthrough curves and the IC–SC relationship. This technique was tested in a 120 m reach of stream (2–60 m subreaches) in the Maimai M15 catchment, New Zealand during baseflow recession. Dissolved LiBr was injected for 12·92 h, with Br− as the conservative ion of interest. Four TSM simulations using the OTIS model are optimized using UCODE to fit (1) Br− data derived from the Br−–SC relationship (n = 1307 observations at each of two stream sampling sites), (2) all stream Br− data collected (n = 58 in upper reach, n = 60 in lower reach), (3) half of the stream Br− data collected, and (4) 20 stream Br− samples from each site. No two simulations resulted in the same optimal parameter values. Results suggest that the greater the frequency of observations, the greater the confidence in estimated parameter values. Br−–SC simulations resulted in the best overall model fits to the data, with the lowest calculated error variance of 6·37, narrowest 95% parameter estimate confidence intervals, and the highest correlation coefficient of 0·99 942, among the four simulations. This is largely due to the improved representation of the shoulder and tail of the BTC with this method. The IC–SC correlation method is robust in situations in which (1) changes in background SC data can be accounted for, and (2) the data used to define the IC–SC relationship are representative of the range of data collected. This method provides more efficient sample analysis, improved data resolution, and improved model results compared to the alternative stream tracer data gathering methods presented. Additionally, we describe a new parameterization of the cross‐sectional area of the stream during flow recession, as a function of discharge, based on a stream hydraulic geometry relationship. This variant of the OTIS model provides a more realistic representation of stream dynamics during unsteady discharge. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow sorting in aquatic ecology

Flow sorting can be a very helpful tool in revealing phytoplankton and bacterial community structure and elaborating specific physiological parameters of isolated species. Droplet sorting has been the most common technique. Despite the high optical and hydro-dynamic stress for the cells to be sorted, many species grow in culture subsequent to sorting. To date, flow sorting has been applied to post-incubation separation in natural water samples to account for group-specific physiological parameters (radiotracer-uptake rates), to the production of clonal or non-clonal cultures from mixtures, to the isolaton of cell groups from natural assemblages for molecular analyses, and for taxonomic identification of sorted cells by microscopy. The application of cell sorting from natural water samples from the Wadden Sea, including different cryptophytes, cyanobacteria and diatoms, is shown, as well as the establishment of laboratory cultures from field samples. The optional use of a red laser to account for phycocyanine-rich cells is also discussed.
The influence of load position and lifting technique on low back loading during lifting

The aim of this study was to quantify the effect foot position relative to a load on the loading of the low back in terms of net moments and compression forces at the L5S1 joint during stoop and squat l ifting. In addition, stoop and squat lifting are compared to a free li fting technique and to a technique (weight lifters technique) where the feet and knees are rotated outward. When lifting a load from the ground, it was found that squat li fting causes higher moments and compression forces than stoop l ifting, both when l ifting a load in front of the feet and when l ifting a load between the feet. The free technique and the ‘weight li fters’ technique caused peak low back loading in between the values that where found for squat and stoop lifting.
Environmental Aspects of Radiopharmaceuticals Extraction and Translocation of Ra 223 in Plants

Radiopharmaceuticals represent an attractive and efficient treatment of oncological diseases. Medical radionuclide use might bring a particular safety issue with penetration of a radioactive material into environment via urinal and colonal excretion. Therefore, the waste water cleaning and decontamination of food chain ought to be studied. Radium-223 is FDA and EMA approved therapeutic radionuclide for the treatment of bone metastases originating from castration resistant prostate cancer. Its introduction to clinical praxis opened the possibility of Radium retention and translocation into roots and shoot plant parts in the ecosystem. Though Ra uptake was investigated in vitro on cultivated plants Avena sativa and Zea mays using electronic autoradiography. Stimulators (Atonik, Racine, Rexan, Sunagreen, Stimulator Z) increasing the water transport, the plant stress management additives (Vermaktiv Stimul and Vermaktiv RP), together with the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were added to the cultivars. Results of plants growth without any regulators indicate over 90% uptake of Ra in root system with minimal translocation into other parts. An addition of growth regulators decreased the overall uptake, however significantly increased Radium translocation into shoot parts. Surprisingly, an addition of EDTA decreases the overall retention in oat under the lowest detectable limit, nevertheless an increased translocation to shoot parts was observed. Experiments reveal potential of phytoextraction technologies for waste water cleaning in hospitals, on the other hand, indicates possibility of food chain contamination particularly when growth regulators were used. Keywords—uptake, radium-223, radiopharmaceuticals. environment contamination
Critique systems for Geographic information and GIS

Many decisions, not only in the field of military actions and emergency management, require and gain from a large amount of spatial or geographical information. If these data are handled in a Geographical Information System (GIS) we add possibilities to handle and analyse this type of information in a way that divert substantially from traditional handling of maps. A Geographical Information System is an IS with the capabilities not only to handle traditional digital maps in raster and vector format but further analysed Remote Sensing data and data from other sensors like GPS positioning and also real time intelligence reports. If combined with functions that can deliver critique to suggested decisions by pointing at impossible driving tracks or conflicting goals, the system can meet high expectations on civil as military C3 (Command, Control and Communication) systems. Such approach can also meet the fear of overload of information in such systems. The development in society with globalisation and global dependencies, changing climate, changing demographic situation , more complex society and more complex systems also lead
Effect of specialized combined strains on reconstituted milk reduced-fat cheese

The reduced-fat cheese using reconstituted milk powder (CRMP) has the problems of texture and flavor because of heating and drying treatments of milk. The application of an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing strain, as well as an adjunct strain in CRMP was investigated to address these quality issues. Volatiles of these cheeses were determined by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and texture by the textural profile analysis. The EPS-producing strain could hold moisture and result in cheese with higher yield compared to the non EPS-producing strain. Meanwhile, the cheese made with the EPS-producing Streptococcus thermophilus TM11 had a lower hardness, springiness, chewiness, gumminess, resilience and a higher adhesiveness and cohesiveness than the cheese made with non EPS-producing S. thermophilus SP1.1. These changes were attributed to the differences of protein matrix according to observation of scanning electron microscopy. On the other hand, results of the main flavor compounds in CRMP indicated that combination of the EPS-producing S. thermophilus TM11 and an adjunct Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis could provide CRMP with novel and proper flavor properties while improving the textural characteristics.
Validity of the dietary reference intakes for determining energy requirements in older adults

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for estimating the energy requirements of older adults, and to develop and validate new equations for predicting the energy requirements of this population group. MATERIALS/METHODS The study subjects were 25 men and 23 women with a mean age of 72.2 ± 3.9 years and 70.0 ± 3.3 years, and mean BMI of 24.0 ± 2.1 and 23.9 ± 2.7, respectively. The total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured by using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method, and used to validate the DRI predictive equations for estimated energy requirements (EER) and to develop new EER predictive equations. These developed equations were cross-validated by using the leave-one-out technique. RESULTS In men, the DRI equation had a −7.2% bias and accurately predicted the EER (meaning EER values within ±10% of the measured TEE) for 64% of the subjects, whereas our developed equation had a bias of −0.1% and an accuracy rate of 84%. In women, the bias was −6.6% for the DRI equation and 0.2% for our developed equation, and the accuracy rate was 74% and 83%, respectively. The predicted EER was strongly correlated with the measured TEE, for both the DRI equations and our developed equations (Pearson's r = 0.915 and 0.908, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The DRI equations provided an acceptable prediction of EER in older adults and these study results therefore support the use of these equations in this population group. Our developed equations had a better predictive accuracy than the DRI equations, but more studies need to be performed to assess the performance of these new equations when applied to an independent sample of older adults.
Implications for Factors Affecting Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programs in University Teaching Hospitals in Anambra State

Background: Vertical Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a cause for alarm in the course of new HIV infections in newborns in SubSaharan Africa. Poor utilization of PMTCT services accounts for the high HIV burden recorded in Anambra State of Nigeria. Aiming pregnant women attending antenatal clinics provide a unique opportunity for implementing prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs against HIV infection of newborn babies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate obstacles and implications associated with the poor access and utilization of PMTCT services in selected teaching hospitals in Anambra State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed using interviews with 128 adult pregnant HIV-infected women attending antenatal care clinics of two teaching hospitals in Anambra State of Nigeria. Trained data collectors administered structured questionnaires to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about HIV and PMTCT, satisfaction with service care providers and obstacles to utilization of PMTCT services. Results: 99% of the study participants knew that HIV was a deadly virus transmitted through sex and other blood contact routes. 76% of the participants knew that HIV could be transmitted from mother to child and about 53% of them actually knew the major ways of MTCT of HIV. 41% of the participants did not know how HIV could be passed from mother to child. Lack of awareness and knowledge about HCT, late presentation at ANC clinics, low numbers of PMTCT centers within locality of respondents, poor involvement of male partners/spouses and stigma were the main reasons cited for poor utilization of PMTCT programs in the state. Conclusion: In order to overcome the obstacles highlighted in this study, strong political and economic commitments need to be incorporated in PMTCT service provider delivery. HIV counselling and testing among ANC attendees and creating knowledge/awareness about MTCT of HIV ought to be a priority. Further research should be conducted qualitatively to augment the quantitative data.
Dynamic Learning Communities: An Alternative to Designed Instructional Systems.

Dynamic Learning Communities (DLCs) offer an alternative approach to the traditional Instructional Design (ID) format for learning. This paper outlines the concept of a dynamic learning community as an alternative to teacher-controlled or pre-designed instructional systems. DLCs are groups of people, who form a learning community generally characterized by distributed control, commitment to generation and sharing of new knowledge, flexible and negotiated learning activities, autonomous community members, high levels of interaction, and a shared goal or project. A number of features emerge in DLCs. Positive features include: the capacity to a6apt and evolve, creativity and innovation, the crossing of traditional boundaries, the appreciation of diversity and multiple perspectives and member input in diagnosing and addressing groups' learning needs. Short-term inefficiencies and lack of predictability can be serious drawbacks, however. Three scenarios are observed where DLCs are beginning to take root: workplace learning, academic culture, and Internet discussion groups. In observing these groups, seven steps common to the CLC process are identified: (1) articulate the learning need; (2) seek help in a group format; (3) engage in help consultation; (4) assess learning; (5) share the solution with the group; (6) archive for future reference; (7) repeat this process to support learning. Traditional instructional design and DLCs can both lead to learning. (Contains 17 references.) (SWC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERiC) 0 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinions stated in this TI" document do not necessarily represent 00 official OERI position or itolicy.
What Fanon Said: A Philosophical Introduction to His Life and Thought

Frantz Fanon’s imprint on twentieth century political philosophy and strikingly poignant role in shaping black radical traditions throughout the African Diaspora in the 1960s and 1970s is undeniable. Black activists and intellectuals found refuge in his writings, where blackness was made visible, embodied and cultivated into an epistemic resource for mapping revolutionary responses to antiblack racism, colonialism and gender and sexuality. Stokely Carmichael, the chief architect of the Black Power movement in the U.S., routinely referred to Fanon’s writing in his public speeches on Black Power, and for many others in the U.S. and throughout the African Diaspora Fanon’s writings were read and discussed as living scriptures. In fact, Fanon’s work, including Black Skin, White Masks and The Damned of the Earth, stirred transnational liberation movements among subjugated peoples and their political efforts to end colonialism and apartheid and segregation.
Developing systems for strategic planning in the health and nutrition sector by using the Geographic Information System and its application in the Republic of Macedonia.

The Geographic Information System (GIS) is now an important and necessary component integrated in Planning Support Systems (PSS). Using GIS and PSS in the Health and Nutrition sectors worldwide is booming and very developed, but the development in Macedonia, or the use of these systems, is very low. The scope of research for this paper is to prepare models for the creation of PSS systems using the GIS for the health and nutrition sectors and their application in the Republic of Macedonia. The purpose of this research is to create a model that could be used in the Health and Nutrition sectors in the Republic of Macedonia. This shall improve the strategic planning in the Health sector, and it will be much easier to prevent the spreading of diseases. In this paper, an original concept is applied for building a model via GIS modelling and directions are provided for its use. The model is built on the basis of several principles, and one of the most important is to provide greater visibility and full understanding of the process that is built into the model. The building of a good model to use in the Health and Nutrition sectors would help the country, as well as its citizens, to act preventively through the adoption of effective, timely and correct decisions. Research has shown that the application of GIS, in the building of the model, is a very important and necessary component. Key words: GIS, PSS, Nutrition, Health Sector, Model, Modelling.
Exploring the roles of narcissism, uses of, and gratifications from microblogs on affinity-seeking and social capital

The purpose of this study is to examine how the uses and gratifications of microblogs (i.e. Sina Weibo) can influence interpersonal relationships, especially in affinity-seeking and perceived social capital. Data were gathered through an online questionnaire with a sample of 431 Weibo users surveyed throughout mainland China. Results show that (i) narcissism, content-, and social-gratification were positively related to intensity of Weibo use, (ii) intensity of Weibo use and process-gratification were positively related to strategic performance, whereas only content-gratification positively predicted affinity competence. (iii) content- and social-gratification positively predicted bridging social capital, whereas convenience-gratification and affinity-seeking predicted bonding social capital, and (iv) intensity of Weibo use was positively related to both types of social capital only when Weibo gratifications were not included in the regression equations. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.