Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Detritivorous Fish in Supporting New Phosphorus and Primary Production in Reservoir Ecosystems

THE ROLE OF DETRITIVOROUS FISH IN SUPPORTING NEW PHOSPHORUS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN RESERVOIR ECOSYSTEMS by Leah Marie Laurich I quantified new and recycled phosphorus supply and primary production rates in a eutrophic reservoir, and the rates at which gizzard shad provide new P by excreting sedimentderived P into the water column. New input was quantified by measuring known P inputs, P export and change in water column P mass. Net and gross sedimentation rates were quantified to estimate sediment and nutrient resuspension. New and regenerated production represented 40.5% and 59.5%, respectively, of total primary production. New inputs supplied enough P needed for 93% of total and 230% of new production. Gizzard shad supplied enough P to sustain 50% of total primary production and 111% of new production. Resuspension rates were 79.9% (suspended solids), -2.6% (N), 72.6% (P), and -6.8% (chlorophyll) of gross sedimentation rates. A substantial proportion of primary production was supplied by new nutrients, and nutrient excretion by detritivorous fish comprises almost half of new P supply. THE ROLE OF DETRITIVOROUS FISH IN SUPPORTING NEW PHOSPHORUS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN RESERVOIR ECOSYSTEMS
The Empirical Range of Pass-Through in US, German and Japanese Macrodata

This paper compares exchange rate pass-through to aggregate prices in the US, Germany and Japan across a number of dimensions. Building on the empirical approaches in the recent literature, our contribution is to perform a thorough sensitivity analysis of pass-through estimates. We find that the econometric method, data frequency and variable proxy employed matter for the precision of details, yet they often agree on some general trends. Thus, pass-through to import prices has declined in the 1990s relative to the 1980s, pass-through to export prices remains country-specific and pass-through to consumer prices is nowadays negligible in all three economies we considered. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Suitability of Compact Yarn for Manufacturing of Eco-friendly Processed Weft Knitted Fabrics

The investigation of physical characteristics of compact yarn weft knitted fabrics after treatment with enzymatic scouring, bleaching and natural dyed with Acacia catechu have been studied and compared with ring yarn weft knitted fabrics. In this research work the physical characteristics such as weight loss (%) in abrasion, pilling resistance, air permeability, fabric tightness factor, loop shape factor, wickability, bursting strength, spirality and dimensional stability have been studied with various knit structures and stitch length. From the test results, the spirality (%) of the Com4 and Sussen Elite spun yarn knitted fabrics had lower values when compared to ring spun yarn knitted fabrics. The higher weight loss (%) in abrasion was noticed in ring yarn knitted fabrics compared to compact yarn knitted fabric made out of Sussen Elite and Com4 spun yarns. The pilling resistance of these knitted fabrics has been observed higher in case of 2.7 mm stitch length compared to 3.3 mm stitch length, because of the higher fibre content and probability to form fuzzing on the surface of the fabric. The compact spun yarn knitted fabrics in all the knit structures were noticed lower dimensional shrinkage and also noticed that the aerial shrinkage of the knitted fabrics mainly depends on the stitch length, loop shape factor and tightness factor of the fabrics. The significant differences of the physical characteristics of these knitted fabrics were analyzed using ANOVA multivariable data analysis. This research study will be helpful for particularly knitwear industries and designer who are analyzing and dealing with compact spun yarn knitted fabric and garments through eco-friendly processes.
Imprint of Galactic dynamics on Earth's climate

A connection between climate and the Solar system's motion perpendicular to the Galactic plane during the last 200 Myr years is studied. An imprint of galactic dynamics is found in a long-term record of the Earth's climate that is consistent with variations in the Solar system oscillation around the Galactic midplane. From small modulations in the oscillation frequency of Earth's climate the following features of the Galaxy along the Solar circle can be determined: 1) the mass distribution, 2) the timing of two spiral arm crossings (31 Myr and 142 Myr) 3) Spiral arm/interarm density ratio (ρarm/ρinterarm ≈ 1.5–1.8), and finally, using current knowledge of spiral arm positions, a pattern speed of ΩP = 13.6 ± 1.4 km s–1 kpc–1 is determined. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Overpriced Shares, Ill-Advised Acquisitions, and Goodwill Impairment

ABSTRACT: We establish that the root cause of many goodwill write-offs is the buyers' overpriced shares at acquisition. Overpriced shares provide managers with strong incentives to exploit the overpricing by acquiring businesses, often paying more than the acquisition's synergies, setting the stage for subsequent goodwill write-offs. In particular, we document the following patterns: (1) Share overpricing is strongly and positively associated with the intensity of corporate acquisitions and the growth of accounting goodwill. (2) Share overpricing predicts goodwill write-offs and their magnitude. (3) Acquisitions by overpriced companies—a strategy often recommended by investment bankers and some academics—are often ill-advised (overpaid for and/or strategic misfit), exacerbating the post-acquisition negative returns of buyers beyond the reversal of the overpricing. Thus, managers' arguments notwithstanding, goodwill write-off is an important event highlighting a dysfunctional investment strategy. Data Avai.
Effects of Plantar Vibratory Stimulation on Posture Control in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is characterized by a group of posture and movement disorder which can be aggravated. Children with cerebral palsy are lacking plantar cutaneous afferent which provides information to control upright posture. A new approach to induce postural response by plantar vibratory stimulation was suggested for children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Seven children with cerebral palsy, five boys and two girls, aged 11.41 (1.97) years with diagnoses of spastic diplegia, participated in this study. The participants stood barefooted, with their vision and auditory perception blocked, on the standing frame placed on the force plate. Twelve vibration conditions under three frequencies (20, 60 and 100 Hz) and four locations (left forefoot, right forefoot, left rear foot and right rear foot) were tested for every participant. Center of pressure coordinates were collected at a sampling rate of 200 Hz for a period of 44s. Results: The height of standing frame had negligible effect on the center of pressure. The postural adjustments were significantly direction-specific when the vibration was applied on different plantar surfaces. Vibration on the rear foot resulted in a forward body tilt while the vibration on the forefoot resulted in a backward body tilt. The postural response was oriented to the right when the left foot was vibrated and to the left when the right foot was vibrated. There were significant differences across frequencies of stimulation on every location (P<0.001). Conclusion: Plantar vibratory stimulation can produce direction-specific body tilts in children with cerebral palsy. Applying appropriate vibration stimulation on plantar surface is suggested to be a new rehabilitation training method for cerebral palsy rehabilitation to promote balance and posture control.
Ion acceleration by multiple reflections at Martian bow shock

The ion mass analyzer (IMA) on board Mars Express revealed bundled structures of ions in the energy domain within a distance of a proton gyroradius from the Martian bow shock. Seven prominent traversals during 2005 were examined when the energy-bunched structure was observed together with pick-up ions of exospheric origin, the latter of which is used to determine the local magnetic field orientation from its circular trajectory in velocity space. These seven traversals include different bow shock configurations: (a) quasi-perpendicular shock with its specular direction of the solar wind more perpendicular to the magnetic field (QT), (b) quasi-perpendicular shock with its specular reflection direction of the solar wind more along the magnetic field (FS), and (c) quasi-parallel (QL) shock. In all seven cases, the velocity components of the energy-bunched structure are consistent with multiple specular reflections of the solar wind at the bow shock up to at least two reflections. The accelerated solar wind ions after two specular reflections have large parallel components with respect to the magnetic field for both QL cases whereas the field-aligned speed is much smaller than the perpendicular speed for all QT cases.
Phytoplankton community composition in the south-eastern Black Sea determined with pigments measured by HPLC-CHEMTAX analyses and microscopy cell counts

The phytoplankton community structure and abundance in the south-eastern Black Sea was measured from February to December 2009 using and comparing high performance liquid chromatography pigment and microscopy analyses. The phytoplankton community was characterized by diatoms, dinoflagellates and coccolithophores, as revealed by both techniques. Fucoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, peridinin and 19′-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin were the main accessory pigments showing significant correlation with diatom-C r 2 = 0.56–0.71, P < 0.05), diatom-C (r 2 = 0.85–0.91, P < 0.001), dinoflagellate-C (r 2 = 0.39–0.88, P < 0.05) and coccolithophore-C (r 2 = 0.80–0.71, P < 0.05), respectively. Microscopy counts indicated a total of 89 species, 71% of which were dinoflagellates, 23% were diatoms and 6% other species (mainly coccolithophores). Pigment-CHEMTAX analysis also indicated the presence of pico- and nanoplankton. Phytoplankton carbon (phyto-C) concentrations were highest in the upper water column, whereas chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) showed a deep maximum. Average phyto-C was higher at the coastal station (291 ± 66 µg l−1) than at the offshore station (258 ± 35 µg l−1), not statistically different (P > 0.05). The coastal station also had higher Chl-a concentrations (0.52–3.83 µg l−1) compared to the offshore station (0.63–2.55 µg l−1), not significant (P > 0.05). Our results are consistent with other studies and indicate that the southern Black Sea is shifting towards mesotrophy with the increasing prevalence of dinoflagellates compared to diatoms.
Market Orientation Of Male And Female Entrepreneurs: A Preliminary Study In Malaysia Halal Food Industry

This paper examines the relationship between market orientation and firm performance for male and female entrepreneurs among small and medium firms in the Malaysia halal food industry. In this preliminary study, results indicate that market orientation had a positive impact on the sales growth of men and women-owned firms. The relationship was investigated using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. There was a weak, positive correlation between the two variables. An independent samples t-test was conducted to compare the market orientation scores for males and females. There was no significant difference in scores for males and females.
Geological Control upon Groundwater Flow and Major Ion Chemistry with Influence on Basin Management in a Coastal Aquifer, South Australia

Estimation of natural recharge and potential for seawater intrusion are critical considerations for management of coastal freshwater aquifers. We show hydrochemical signatures of groundwater to identify the influence of geological control on chemical processes in a coastal groundwater system. We used dominant hydrochemical facies, salinity and magnesium ions to determine two main groundwater flow paths with different origins and ages. Mixing of groundwater with different origins and ages results in unreliable recharge estimates using chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and chloride mass balance (CMB) methods, thus limiting available methods for recharge assessment. Interpretation of hydrochemical data suggests that calcium carbonate dissolution, ion exchange processes and mixing with sea aerosol in coastal zones are the main influencing factors on groundwater chemistry. Restricted groundwater flows due to occurrence of a basement high at the southern side of the basin boundary influence the distance to the toe of the saline wedge. Thus, knowledge of geological control over groundwater systems forms an important part of characterising basins and contributes toward effective management of groundwater resources.
Building dynamic capabilities through operations strategy: an empirical example

This paper suggests that the implementation of an effective operations strategy process is one of the necessary antecedents to the development of dynamic capabilities within an organisation and that once established, dynamic capabilities and operations strategy process settle into a symbiotic relationship. Key terms and a model of operations strategy process are proposed from literature as a framework for analysing data from a longitudinal case study with a UK based manufacturer of construction materials.
In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation of Niosomal Gel Containing Aceclofenac for Sustained Drug Delivery

Background: Niosomes are non-ionic stable vesicular system, which can accommodate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. The aim of the present study was to prepare and characterize niosomal gel formulations for sustained delivery of aceclofenac. Aceclofenac is the most widely used anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It has narrow therapeutic index and short biological half-life. Methods: Aceclofenac loaded niosomes were prepared using reverse phase evaporation technique. The effects of concentration of non-ionic surfactant, cholesterol and concentration of drug on the encapsulation efficiency were studied. The formulations were characterized using different techniques, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), optical microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Selected formulations of niosomes were incorporated into carbopol 934 (1%w/w), sodium alginate (7%w/w), sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (3% w/w), pluronic F127 (20%w/w) and HPMC (3% w/w) gels. The niosomal gel formulations were evaluated for in-vitro drug release and skin permeation. Optimum niosomal gel formulation was evaluated in-vivo using carrageenen-induced rat paw edema test and compared to gel containing the drug alone. Results: TEM analysis confirmed that niosomal samples were spherical in shape and have a definite internal aqueous space. Niosomes of span60 showed higher percent drug entrapment and larger particle size. In-vitro drug release and skin permeation of different gel preparations showed sustained release and enhanced permeation compared to gel formulations containing free drug. Among the niosomal gel formulations, HPMC gel showed the highest release rate of the drug. The in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the selected niosomal gel formulation was significantly higher and more sustained than the corresponding non-niosomal gel formulation containing free drug. Conclusion: These results suggest that the niosome-containing gels are promising formulations for sustained local delivery of aceclofenac.
Multiple Tls Point Cloud Registration Based on Point Projection Images

Abstract. In this paper, an efficient and robust registration method of multiple point clouds is proposed. In our research, we assume that point clouds are acquired by Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) systems, and the scanned environments have a relatively flat base plane such as the ground or a floor. Our method is based on an existing pairwise registration method based on point projection images, which can quickly register the point clouds under the above assumptions. In the method, sliced point clouds are projected onto the base plane, and a binary image with feature points is created. The registration is done by using feature points of the images based on the sample consensus strategy. In this paper, first, we improve the efficiency of the pairwise registration method by introducing height and occlusion information to the image. Then, a validity check method of pairwise registration using space-classified images is proposed to avoid exhaustive pairwise registration in the multiple point cloud registration process. Finally, an efficient multiple point cloud registration algorithm based on progressive creation of a point cloud connectivity graph using iterative rough and precise pairwise registration and the validity check method is proposed. The effectiveness of our method is shown through its application to three datasets of outdoor environments.
Intermittent low temperatures constrain spring recovery of photosynthesis in boreal Scots pine forests

During winter and early spring, evergreen boreal conifers are severely stressed because light energy cannot be used when photosynthesis is pre‐empted by low ambient temperatures. To study photosynthetic performance dynamics in a severe boreal climate, seasonal changes in photosynthetic pigments, chloroplast proteins and photochemical efficiency were studied in a Scots pine forest near Zotino, Central Siberia. In winter, downregulation of photosynthesis involved loss of chlorophylls, a twofold increase in xanthophyll cycle pigments and sustained high levels of the light stress‐induced zeaxanthin pigment. The highest levels of xanthophylls and zeaxanthin did not occur during the coldest winter period, but rather in April when light was increasing, indicating an increased capacity for thermal dissipation of excitation energy at that time. Concomitantly, in early spring the D1 protein of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre and the light‐harvesting complex of PSII dropped to their lowest annual levels. In April and May, recovery of PSII activity, chloroplast protein synthesis and rearrangements of pigments were observed as air temperatures increased above 0°C. Nevertheless, severe intermittent low‐temperature episodes during this period not only halted but actually reversed the physiological recovery. During these spring low‐temperature episodes, protective processes involved a complementary function of the PsbS and early light‐induced protein thylakoid proteins. Full recovery of photosynthesis did not occur until the end of May. Our results show that even after winter cold hardening, photosynthetic activity in evergreens responds opportunistically to environmental change throughout the cold season. Therefore, climate change effects potentially improve the sink capacity of boreal forests for atmospheric carbon. However, earlier photosynthesis in spring in response to warmer temperatures is strongly constrained by environmental variation, counteracting the positive effects of an early recovery process.
Training Transfer for Sustainable Agricultural Intensification in Tanzania: Critical Considerations for Scaling-up

Sustainable Intensification (SI) in agriculture is fronted as a promising approach to increase agricultural production in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Technologies that can lead to realization of the SI goal are available but one of the key challenges is the low reach among smallholder farmers due to, among others, ineffective training and co-learning. In this study, a survey methodology was used to obtain data from 145 trainees in a sustainable intensification intervention in Kongwa and Mvomero districts, Tanzania, to analyze the drivers of training transfer. Hierarchical linear regression revealed that motivation of trainees, training design and delivery, and work environment (peer, extension and local institutional support) had positive effects on transfer of the training. For successful transfer of training, recommendations given were a deliberate focus on selection of suitable trainees and ensuring their motivation to learn; use of appropriate documentation, extension and training methods; strengthening farmers’ networks for peer learning; and strengthening collaborations with local institutions.
The upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath eastern China

We apply a common conversion point stacking technique of receiver functions from the North China Interior Structure Project (NCISP) to image the upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath eastern China. The stacking results of dense receiver functions reveal a prominent discontinuity structure. The appearance of the 410‐km discontinuity is sharp and consistent with little influence by Western Pacific subduction slabs. The 520‐km discontinuity is relatively weak and consists of splitting phases at depths ranging from 500 km to 550 km. As for the 660‐km discontinuity, double discontinuities and a narrow depression zone are detected near a depth of 660‐km, indicating a more complex structure there. Phase transformations in non‐olivine components, such as from garnet to perovskite, seem to be a more plausible interpretation for a complex 660‐km discontinuity in this region.
Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics May 5-7 2011 Sarajevo 546 The Use of IT Tools in Everyday Classes Where Foreign Language is Taught

This paper aims to present the situation of using IT tools in everyday classes where foreign language is taught. The research is empirical. The survey study was conducted among students of a new private university in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The questionnaire was applied to students from 17 to 25, male and female students learning 2 foreign languages. The results of the study can be the useful resource for future research and help better practical implementation of IT tools in the class.
Exit from short-term contract. A french empirical analysis, 1990-2002

This paper tests the determinants of the transition out of short-term contracts by means of competing risk form of the semi-parametric Cox proportional hazard model. We use three labour market states distinguishing between exit into long-term contract, another short-term contract, and unemployment. For each type of exit, we define a separate hazard function that we'll call a type-specific hazard. The estimates are carried out from a dataset recording individual labour market histories, the French Labour Force Survey (LFS) collected by the French National Statistical Institute (INSEE). The competing risk model is estimated for all the individual as well as separately for men and women. Our results show that, for men and women, the conditional probability of exiting STC into LTC decreases after 12th months. Moreover, staying in the same firm after a STC increases the chances of getting stable jobs in the future.
Oninia senglaubi, another new genus and species of frog (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae) from New Guinea

Based on morphological, anatomical and molecular traits, a new monotypic genus of the Microhylidae is described. One new species of the new genus was discovered in the Fakfak Mountains, northwestern corner of the Bomberai Peninsula, Papua Province, Indonesia. The new taxon, Oninia senglaubi, is a symphignathine member of the subfamily Asterophryinae and differs from all other symphignathine species of the Australopapuan herpetofauna by its extremely small size (snout-urostyle length less than 20 mm). The advertisement call of the new taxon consists of a series of short peeps and these were uttered from small holes in the ground. According to external morphology and osteological characters, it is most closely related to Xenorhina, but according to molecular data (mitochondrial DNA), it is most closely related to the genera Asterophrys, Metamagnusia, and Pseudocallulops. (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)