Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EDUCATION RATIONAL ? WHAT ACCOUNTS FOR DISCREPANCIES IN TEACHERS ’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS EVIDENCE USE AND ACTUAL INSTANCES OF EVIDENCE USE IN SCHOOLS ? Corresponding

Whilst beneficial, the consistent and regular use of evidence to improve teaching and learning in schools is proving difficult to achieve in practice. This paper attempts to shed new light on this issue by examining the applicability of a model of rational behaviour as it relates to the notion of evidence-informed practice (EIP). Specifically, exploring the question: ‘if EIP is
The role of large scale scienti c facility on the Regional Economic growth , ( Case study : European Spallation Source , ESS )

This study examines what factors are behind a successful establishment of European Spallation Source in Lund, as a growth engine for the entire region in long term? This paper is also concern about how ESS, with innovation as driving force will a ect the economic growth of the region (Skåne) through knowledge spillover and talent in ow. This study is also concern about how this investment contributes to Regional Innovation system and it will a ect the interaction between universities, companies and other regional players thus could strengthen the Regional Innovation System. To answer the research questions, this study looks at the literatures concerning innovation, innovation system, knowledgebased economy and role of policy and university, reports on large scale scienti c facilities and interviews with local players. It is conclude that ESS will bring economic growth in the region by producing technological innovations and spino s within foremost materials and life sciences but to say exactly what it will be, is not possible and it will be much dependent on how good the regional players are at exploiting the opportunities that the facility would bring. ESS would employ several high educated and top scientists, thus relatively highly paid scienti c and technical workers will stay in the region. It can also bring new startup companies from spino research. These will naturally have an impact on the local and regional economy. But overall, for the region to bene t as large as possible, preparation of local innovation system and need of ESS integration with regional innovation system is essential. However, there is need for further research to theorize the Scio-economic impacts of large scale scienti c facilities, to more support the innovation based-economic growth.
Using tree-based robot motion planning algorithms for protein loop closure

Protein loop closure is a common problem in protein structure prediction. Recently published results are an evidence for the progress in the accuracy of the predictions and the efficiency of loop closure methods. Special attention is given to the conformational sampling for closed loop conformations. We propose a completely novel approach to this problem inspired from robotics using a mechanistic description of the loop chain and a motion planning technique. The Jacobian of a kinematic chain is exploited for the mechanistic description of a protein loop. The transpose of the Jacobian relates end-effector forces to joint torques and finally to angle increments. Self-motions of the kinematic chain due to its redundancy in the number of degrees-of-freedom (DOF) are used to minimize an energy function. An iterated motion scheme is derived based on that mechanistic description. The randomized motion planning technique that is applied to the problem of protein loop closure is based on Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT). A motion planning algorithm combining a RRT with a local planner like the iterated motion scheme presented is developed. Zusammenfassung “Loop closure” von Proteinen ist ein allgegenwärtiges Problem bei der Proteinstrukturvorhersage. Kürzlich veröffentlichte Forschungsergebnisse belegen den Fortschritt in der Genauigkeit von Vorhersagen und der Effizienz von “loop closure”Methoden. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit ist auf das “Sampling” von Konformationen geschlossener “loops” gerichtet. Wir schlagen einen völlig neuartigen Ansatz für dieses Problem vor, inspiriert von Methoden aus der Robotik, der auf einer mechanistischen Beschreibung der “loop”-Kette und einer Pfadplanungsmethode basiert. Die Jacobi-Matrix einer kinematischen Kette wird für eine mechanistische Beschreibung von “protein loops” benutzt. Die Transponierte der Jacobi-Matrix bringt Kräfte, die auf den Endeffektor wirken, in Relation zu Drehmomenten und schließlich zu Winkelinkrementen an den Gelenken. “Self-motions” der kinematischen Kette, resultierend aus der Redundanz in der Anzahl an Freiheitsgraden, werden ausgenutzt, um eine Energiefunktion zu minimieren. Ein iteratives Bewegungsschema basierend auf dieser mechanistischen Beschreibung wird hergeleitet. Die randomisierte Pfadplanungtechnik, die auf das “protein loop closure”-Problem angewendet wird, basiert auf “Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT)”. Ein Pfadplanungsalgorithmus, der einen RRT mit einem lokalen Planer wie dem präsentierten iterativen Bewegungsschema kombiniert, wird entwickelt.
Global satellite observations of column-averaged carbon dioxide and methane : 1 The GHG-CCI XCO 2 and XCH 4 CRDP 3 data set 2 3

29 Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are the two most important greenhouse gases emitted by 30 mankind. Better knowledge of the surface sources and sinks of these Essential Climate Variables 31 (ECVs) and related carbon uptake and release processes is needed for important climate change related 32 applications such as improved climate modelling and prediction. Some satellites provide near-surface33 sensitive atmospheric CO2 and CH4 observations that can be used to obtain information on CO2 and 34 CH4 surface fluxes. The goal of the GHG-CCI project of the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Climate 35 Change Initiative (CCI) is to use satellite data to generate atmospheric CO2 and CH4 data products 36 meeting demanding GCOS (Global Climate Observing System) greenhouse gas (GHG) ECV 37 requirements. To achieve this, retrieval algorithms are regularly being improved followed by annual 38 data reprocessing and analysis cycles to generate better products in terms of extended time series and 39 continuously improved data quality. Here we present an overview about the latest GHG-CCI data set 40 called Climate Research Data Package No. 3 (CRDP3) focusing on the GHG-CCI core data products, 41 which are column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4, i.e., XCO2 and XCH4, as retrieved 42 from SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT and TANSO/GOSAT satellite radiances covering the time period end 43 of 2002 to end of 2014. We present global maps and time series including initial validation results 44 obtained by comparisons with Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) ground-based 45 observations. We show that the GCOS requirements for systematic error (< 1 ppm for XCO2, < 10 ppb 46 for XCH4) and long-term stability (< 0.2 ppm/year for XCO2, < 2 ppb/year for XCH4) are met for 47 nearly all products (an exception is SCIAMACHY methane especially since 2010). For XCO2 we 48 present comparisons with global models using the output of two CO2 assimilation systems (MACC 49 version 14r2 and CarbonTracker version CT2013B). We show that overall there is reasonable 50 consistency and agreement between all data sets (within ~1-2 ppm) but we also found significant 51 differences depending on region and time period. 52
OF FIGURES iii LIST OF TABLES iv ABSTRACT v CHAPTER 1 . INTRODUCTION 1 Forgiveness 1 Violent Video Games and Empathy 3 Violent Video Games and Forgiveness 5 Hypotheses 6

The effect of playing a violent video game on forgiveness was investigated. A transgression context was created in an experimental setting and video game violence was manipulated in two levels (violence or no violence). Subsequent measures of empathy, hostility, and forgiveness were made. No evidence was found of an effect of video game violence on forgiveness or hostility. Empathy was not affected by video game violence. No evidence of a correlation between empathy and forgiveness, or hostility and forgiveness was found. The findings are incongruent with forgiveness theory that posits that empathy predicts forgiveness, and inconclusive as to whether violent video game playing causes a decrease in forgiveness or an increase in hostility. Suggestions for future research are discussed. v
Crystal Structure Analysis of 6-Ethoxy-3-phenyl-5 a , 9 a-dihydro-3 H-chromen [ 4 , 3c ] [ 1 , 2 ] oxazole-3 a ( 4 H )-carbonitrile

The crystal structure of the potential active 6-ethoxy-3-phenyl-5a,9a-dihydro-3H-chromen[4,3-c][1,2]oxazole-3a(4H)carbonitrile (C19H15N2O3) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with unit cell dimension a= 29.3026(9) Å, b= 6.7695(2) Å and c= 19.7597(6) Å [α= 90°, β= 125.709 (10)° and γ= 90°]. Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation method, the isoxazole and six membered pyran rings adopts envelope conformation. The crystal packing of the molecules is stabilized by the weak C-H.N hydrogen bond interaction.
Understanding Lyα Nebulae at Low Redshift. I. The Sizes, Powering, and Kinematics of “Green Bean” Galaxies

A new but rare sample of spatially extended emission line nebulae, nicknamed “Green Beans,” was discovered at z ≈ 0.3 thanks to strong [O iii] emission, and subsequently shown to be local cousins of the Lyα nebulae found at high redshift. Here we use follow-up APO/DIS spectroscopy to better understand how these low-redshift Lyα nebulae compare to other populations of strong emission line sources. Our spectroscopic data show that low-z Lyα nebulae have active galactic nucleus (AGN)-like emission line ratios, relatively narrow line widths (FWHM ≲ 1000 km s−1), and emission line kinematics resembling those of Type 2 AGN at the same redshift, confirming that they are powered by Type 2 AGN with typical ionizing continua. While low-z Lyα nebulae are larger and less concentrated than compact, star-forming Green Pea galaxies, we find that they resemble typical Type 2 AGN in terms of r-band concentration and size. Based on this pilot study, low-z Lyα nebulae appear to be a subset of Type 2 AGN with bluer optical continua and high [O iii] equivalent widths but with comparable sizes and similar [O iii] kinematics. These characteristics may simply reflect the fact that low-z Lyα nebulae are drawn from the high-luminosity end of the Type 2 AGN distribution, with higher nuclear activity driving higher [O iii] equivalent widths and more central star formation leading to bluer optical continua. Deeper spectroscopic follow-up of the full sample will shed further light on these issues and on the relationship between these low-z Lyα nebulae and the Lyα nebula population at high redshift.
Horizontal and Vertical Technology Spillovers from FDI in Eastern Europe

The aim of our paper is to empirically estimate the dir ction and magnitude of technological spillover s from FDI using a plant level dataset of Romanian fi rms for the period 1999-2007. We use the Levinsohn Petrin (2003) methodology in order to est ima e total factor productivity and compute several measures of spillover effect based on time varying Input-Output tables. Results show evidence of direct technology transfer, foreign firms being more productive than local ones. We find vertical technology transfer to be much more intense than ho rizontal one. Local supplier benefit from positive backward spillovers while local clients are affecte d by negative forward spillovers. Using several measure of absorptive capacity like human capital o r R&D does not change our results. On the other hand, a large technological gap favors the capture of t chnological spillovers. Labor mobility is the only significant horizontal spillovers. We also fi nd that labor mobility changes direction according to different human capital levels. We finally test the supply-backward hypothesis and find that local firms that buy inputs from FDI suppliers are negati vely affected by a second order vertical spillover.
The Causal Role ( s ) of Intentions A Reply

In her commentary (Dreßing this collection) on my target article (Pacherie this collection), Dreßing suggests that the story I offer is not just a creation myth but also an attempt to give an explanation of the function of conscious intentions in the physical world and as such answerable to both metaphysical and empirical constraints. Here, I try to clarify which of my claims should be understood as simply speculations about the origins of our capacity of intentions and which I take to be empirical claims. In response to the metaphysical and empirical challenge Dreßing raises, I argue that Dretske’s distinction between structuring and triggering causes may help us see how explanations in terms of physical properties and explanations in terms of mental properties may not compete but rather complement each other. I argue that this distinction may also help us assuage certain worries raised by neuroscientific findings.
Review on Intrusion Detection System Based on The Goal of The Detection System

An extensive review of the intrusion detection system (IDS) is presented in this paper. Previous studies review the IDS based on the approaches (algorithms) used or based on the types of the intrusion itself. The presented paper reviews the IDS based on the goal of the IDS (accuracy and time), which become the main objective of this paper. Firstly, the IDS were classified into two types based on the goal they intend to achieve. These two types of IDS were later reviewed in detail, followed by a comparison of some of the studies that have earlier been carried out on IDS. The comparison is done based on the results shown in the studies compared. The comparison shows that the studies focusing on the detection time reduce the accuracy of the detection compared to other studies.
Seamless Virtualized Controller Migration for Drone Applications

We consider a virtualized edge-computing infrastructure for drone applications, in which a virtualized container running on an edge node controls drones, and a software-defined network provides a network connectivity between the drones and their virtualized controllers. We propose a seamless migration scheme that migrates a virtualized drone controller to an edge node that is close to its associated drone without suspending the drone control in the edge-computing infrastructure.
Title ZASC 1 knockout mice exhibit an early bone marrow-specific defect in murine leukemia virus replication

Background: ZASC1 is a zinc finger-containing transcription factor that was previously shown to bind to specific DNA binding sites in the Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) promoter and is required for efficient viral mRNA transcription (J. Virol. 84:7473-7483, 2010). Methods: To determine whether this cellular factor influences Mo-MuLV replication and viral disease pathogenesis in vivo, we generated a ZASC1 knockout mouse model and completed both early infection and long term disease pathogenesis studies. Results: Mice lacking ZASC1 were born at the expected Mendelian ratio and showed no obvious physical or behavioral defects. Analysis of bone marrow samples revealed a specific increase in a common myeloid progenitor cell population in ZASC1-deficient mice, a result that is of considerable interest because osteoclasts derived from the myeloid lineage are among the first bone marrow cells infected by Mo-MuLV (J. Virol. 73: 1617-1623, 1999). Indeed, Mo-MuLV infection of neonatal mice revealed that ZASC1 is required for efficient early virus replication in the bone marrow, but not in the thymus or spleen. However, the absence of ZASC1 did not influence the timing of subsequent tumor progression or the types of tumors resulting from virus infection. Conclusions: These studies have revealed that ZASC1 is important for myeloid cell differentiation in the bone marrow compartment and that this cellular factor is required for efficient Mo-MuLV replication in this tissue at an early time point post-infection.
The Social Cost of Wind Power Nicolas Boccard

Wind powered generation (WPG) is the dominant renewable energy source for electricity production. The impossibility to stock electricity coupled with the intermittent nature of WPG limits its contribution to the adequacy of electrical systems. We investigate this issue from an economic rather than technical point of view and define the social cost of wind power as the difference between its actual cost and its system value i.e., the cost of replacing the produced energy, hour by hour, using more intensively the remaining thermal technologies. We further divide this social cost into technological and adequacy components. Whereas the former may become negligible once thermal technologies pay for carbon emissions, the latter is a lower bound on WPG structural weakness wrt. thermal technologies. We contrast our theoretical proposal with the literature and then measure it empirically using hourly data from Denmark, Spain, Germany, Ireland and Portugal for load and WPG. Our empirical findings show that there is a grain of truth in both the pros and cons of wind power. Realized capacity factors are sensibly lower than predicted (even for islands and coastal areas) which turn into a large technological cost. Regarding adequacy, windier areas also sport a more adequate resource. All in all, WPG appears to bear a 20 to 25% premium over the cost of serving yearly load in a system. Geographic integration of market however allow for a significant reduction. JEL codes : L51, H42, D61
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Dual-Process Reasoning in Charitable Giving

To identify dual-process reasoning in giving, we exposed experimental participants making a charitable donation to vivid images of the charity’s beneficiaries in order to stimulate affect. We hypothesized that the effect of an affective manipulation on giving would be larger when we simultaneously put the subjects under cognitive load using a numerical recall task. Independent treatment checks reveal opposite responses in men and women and cast some doubt on the reliability of our mainstream treatment manipulations and assessment tools. We find no evidence for dual-process decision-making, even among women, whose responses to the manipulations conformed most to our expectations. These results highlight the need for caution in the use of these common manipulations, the importance of independent manipulation checks, and the limitations of dual-process models for understanding altruistic behavior.
Volume 1 , Number 2 , Pages 11-20 , doi : 10 . 11114 / aef . v 1 i 2 . xx

The decision by economic migrants to leave their country of origin for the purpose of employment and to improve quality of life is generally regarded as an investment decision. Real or expected income differentials between the source and the host country and the possibilities of being employed in each influence the decision to migrate. Economic migrants also respond to non-pecuniary factors, such as climate, environmental amenities, and life cycle variables. This paper examines how labor market regulations may influence work migration to the United States. The hypothesis is that the negative effects of excessive labor market regulations on income reported by Fullerton et al. (2007) and Licerio et al. (2010) will increase migration to countries with more flexible and less restrictive regulatory labor markets. Data from the Doing Business 2010 report describing labor market conditions in several countries and territories during 2010 are employed to describe labor market restrictiveness in 168 countries. Four models are specified to measure the effects of labor market restrictiveness on migration. Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) estimates are utilized to select the best specification for modeling migration to the United States. Empirical results confirm many of the hypotheses, but some of the outcomes are relatively weak.
A mathematical programming approach to paired kidney exchange: the case of Turkey

Background: Kidney exchange has become a very common and important treatment alternative for patients suffering from serious kidney diseases with incompatible donors. Factors such as blood type, HLA matches and PRA existence are considered to determine compatibility. In a paired exchange, two incompatible patient-donor pairs switch their donors who are compatible with the other recipient. Currently, each hospital in Turkey operates individually in a decentralized manner using its own list. This list may contain patients having more than one incompatible donor, which differentiates the current work from those existing in literature. Methods: In this study, mathematical models are developed to propose an easy and practical approach for the paired kidney exchange problem in Turkey. Data are generated by e mploying a real data set provided by a hospital specialized in kidney transplantation. Results: The optimal solutions are obtained by using GAMS/CPLEX, and different scenario analyses are performed to measure the impact of “gender differences” and “age” on the solution. Furthe rmore, the original patient-donor list provided by the hospital is used to compare the model’s solution with the planned transplantations. The study also evaluates a centralized approach which integrates all hospitals performing paired kidney exchange in Istanbul. Conclusions: As the optimal solution of the model is obtained in a basis of seconds, the developed approach offers an easy and applicable procedure for paired kidney exchange. Comparison of decentralized and centralized approaches reveals that the centralized approach is more favorable in terms of HLA compatibility and number of transplantations.
Ecological Animal Husbandry in the Nordic Countries

In order to estimate the direct and indirect natural resource needs and environmental impact on a farm system level, emergy analysis was used to evaluate a conventional Swedish pig production system (PH) and a production system with pigs integrated in the crop rotation (PC). The unit of measurement is the solar emjoule (sej). The solar emergy for raising one pig to 110 kg liveweight was 4.1 x 10 sej in the PC and 5.8 x10 sej in the PH and the transformity was 3.6 x 10 sej/J and 5.1 x 10 sej/J respectively. The results indicate that the PC is a more sustainable and economical strategy to produce pork than the PH from a natural resource perspective. However, the future of pig production depends on whether agricultural systems are optimized with an externalization strategy driven by purchased non-renewable resources or an internalization strategy based on local renewable resources.
Computational Intelligence in Automatic Face Age Estimation: A Survey

With the rapid growth of computational intelligence techniques, automatic face age estimation has achieved good accuracy that benefited real-world applications such as access control and monitoring, soft biometrics, and information retrieval. Over the past decade, many new algorithms were developed and previous surveys on face age estimation were either outdated or incomplete. Considering the importance of the expanding research in this topic, we aim to provide an up-to-date survey on the face age estimation techniques. First, we summarize the state-of-the-art databases and the performance metrics for face age estimation. Then, we review the age estimation techniques based on three categories of face features (local, global, and hybrid) and discuss different types of age learning algorithms. Finally, we identify the challenges and provide new insights for future research directions of fully automated face age estimation.