Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation on Language Programs in US Higher Institutions—A Case Study on Chinese Language Programs

Although there have been an increasing number of programs offered by universities in the United States (U.S.) in recent years, few published studies address the development of any in U.S. universities. Therefore, the current study aims to address important issues to the success of the language program and bridge the gap between the existing literature and language program development implementing statistical methods of ordinal logistic regression and factor analysis. Based on data collecting from foreign language programs in 201 different universities across the U.S., we developed a proportional odds model to examine the factors that foster or constrain the development of the program. The study can also be used as a predictive model on the perspective of starting a new language program in a university based on its features in different respects. An internal validation of our model was conducted using the cross-classification table.
Monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) and salicylic acid (SA) as seed priming in Vicia faba L. and Vicia sativa L.

The first experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of seed priming on germination behavior and seedling establishment in Vicia faba and Vicia sativa, for that, seeds priming was done using SA (100 μM) and KH2PO4. In order to determine the optimal concentration of KH2PO4 for improving germination, different concentrations were used: 25 μM, 50 μM, and 100 μM. The best germination behavior and seedling establishment were obtained with 25 and 50 μM KH2PO4, respectively for Vicia faba and Vicia sativa. Moreover, data showed that 100 μM of SA improved seed germination as well as the seedling establishment for both species. The second experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of seed priming for improving phosphorous (P) deficiency tolerance. To do, seedling obtained from primed and nonprimed seeds were grown in a hydroponic culture system with three different treatments: control (C, medium containing sufficient P concentration: 360 μM KH2PO4), direct phosphorus-deficient (DD, medium containing only 10 μM KH2PO4), and induced P deficiency by bicarbonate (ID, medium containing sufficient P concentration: 360 μM KH2PO4 + 0.5 g L -1 CaCO3 + 10 mM NaHCO3). Furthermore, the role of exogenous SA applied to P deficiency tolerance enhancement was explored. Seed priming or the exogenous application of SA significantly reduced the severity effect of P deficiency. In fact, the pretreated plants were observed more tolerant to P deficiency as reflected from the significant increase in plant biomass, P uptake, and an efficient antioxidant system. Overall, this paper highlights the beneficial effect of seeds priming or the exogenous application of SA in the improvement of plant tolerance to phosphorus deficiency.
Light as a stressor and its impact on biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants

Light is important for plant life as a source of energy to drive photosynthesis but also as an environmental signal regulating development or cellular events such as resetting of the circadian clock. Light itself can cause stress such as excess light, fluctuating light, photoperiod and ultraviolet light stress. Light quality, quantity and light duration are important sources of information to prepare plants for future light stress events. Recurring light stress results in acclimation processes to the changing light environment. Furthermore, light regulates the responses of plants to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. For example, short day conditions or shady environments prime thermotolerance and increase cold acclimation. Similarly, during drought stress, light signaling is important for the plant´s stress response. Additionally, the light environment affects the plant´s responses to biotic intruders such as pathogens or insect herbivores. Light influence many stress responses resulting in positive growth-defense trade-offs. Under shade, however, plants prioritize growth over defense and stress responses. In this review, we summarize the impact of light as a stressor and its influences on abiotic and biotic stress responses with special focus on the role of the different light receptors and the crosstalk between light signaling components and stress response pathways.
SURVIVING ON THE STREETS: PATHS OF RESISTANCE TO THE DENIAL OF HEALTH RIGHTS

Exclusion contexts constitute cycles of marginalization of population groups, such as the homeless people (HP). In this context, human rights violations are recurrent, especially related to the difficulty of access to health services. The effectiveness of the policies for HP in Brazilian cities is still scarce, due to its restriction to medium and large cities and the limited public investment. Thus, the study sought to investigate HP health care paths in a small city. Field observations and semi-structured interviews were carried out to identify and understand the resources used in health care trajectories, which were analyzed based on thematic content analysis. Several strategies developed by the public in the face of the denial to the health rights and self-care are highlighted. Among the results, the precariousness of offers to women's health care, the restriction of health care to the use of psychoactive substances, of medicalizing nature and centered on the abstinence paradigm were stood out. It was observed the importance of housing for comprehensive care, and social and community networks as a way of restoring health on the streets.
Admittance Control of Four-link Bionic Knee Exoskeleton with Inertia Compensation

This paper proposes a control algorithm based on the admittance principle for the motion of the four-link bionic knee exoskeleton. Firstly, the interaction between the operator and the exoskeleton was converted into the desired trajectory of the exoskeleton. Then, the inertia compensation is achieved in light of the admittance features of exoskeleton movement. Finally, the validity of the admittance control method for four-link bionic knee was confirmed through simulation experiment. The simulation results show that the relative error of the joint angle between the operator and the exoskeleton was less than 5% at normal swinging frequency, and the interaction force between the manipulator and the exoskeleton was within ±0.5 N. The research findings lay a theoretical basis for practical application of exoskeletons.
Bioactive Heterocyclic Compound Classes: Pharmaceuticals

DESCRIPTION The chemistry of heterocycles is an important branch of organic chemistry. This is due to the fact that a large number of natural products, e. g. hormones, antibiotics, vitamins, etc. are composed of heterocyclic structures. Often, these compounds show beneficial properties and are therefore applied as pharmaceuticals to treat diseases or as insecticides, herbicides or fungicides in crop protection. This volume presents important pharmaceuticals. Each of the 20 chapters covers in a concise manner one class of heterocycles, clearly structuredas follows:
The Efficacy of Treating Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Function Injury in COVID-19 with the Fuzheng Huayu Tablets: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Background: Some patients with COVID-19 have been found pulmonary dysfunction and/or fibrosis in the recovery period, especially severe cases, but there are no certain drugs or treatment to cope with this situation. Previous studies proved the efficacy of FZHY on lung fibrosis induced by Bleomycin in animals and improvement of pulmonary function in COPD patients. We design this trial to carry out the clinical study that the effects of FZHY Tablets on pulmonary fibrosis and/or pulmonary function injury in the recovery period of COVID-19 and expect to improve the prognosis.Methods/design: This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. It enrolls 160 patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19, but currently they are negative for viral testing and have developed pulmonary fibrosis or pulmonary dysfunction. They are randomly divided equally into control group and experimental group. All patients are given basic treatment such as respiratory function rehabilitation training and vitamin C. The control group is given placebo of FZHY, and the experimental group is given FZHY. Each patient will be observed for 24 weeks and followed up for 8 weeks. The primary outcome for the trial is a composite endpoint consisting of lung function and HRCT. Secondary outcomes include clinical symptoms, oxygen saturation and quality of life assessment. Discussion: The trial is designed to test the hypothesis that treating pulmonary fibrosis or pulmonary dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 infection with FZHY will improve the patient’s lung function or the pathological manifestation of pulmonary fibrosis, and improve the quality of life. Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov, ID: NCT04279197. Registered on 12 April 2020.
National Classification of Diet and Exercise Behaviours: How Healthy are Canadian Men?

Introduction: Unhealthy behaviours, including poor diet and lack of physical inactivity, are risk factors for premature mortality in men worldwide. Identifying disparities and inequalities regarding these habits in Canadian men may allow for targeted interventions to promote wellness. Our objective was to evaluate a representative sample of the Canadian men to determine current diet and exercise health behaviours and identify predictors of unhealthy habits. Methods: A total of 5,362 men and women were asked to complete an online survey men’s health. Using a stratification algorithm, 2000 male survey participants which represented the population distribution of Canadian provinces were included in this study. Their diet and exercise behaviours were classified based upon pre-determined thresholds. Results: In this national survey of Canadian men, 48.9% did not meet the recommended 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week and 61.8% were classified as having an unhealthy diet. Multivariable analysis identified age (OR 1.01, p=0.001), inability to work (OR 2.10, p=0.022), income less than $100,000 (OR 1.42-2.20) as significant predictors of unhealthy exercise behavior. Living with parents (OR 1.58, p=0.033), living with a partner and children (OR 1.43, p=0.010), and living with relatives (OR 2.32, p=0.042) were significant predictors of unhealthy eating. Conclusion: This study suggests that many Canadian men do not meet minimal requirements for healthy exercise diet. Given most men are pre-contemplative and contemplative about change, interventions to improve these health behaviours should be directed at health education, awareness, and tools for change. Addressing these behaviours may prevent future morbidity and mortality.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatology practice and rheumatologists: a cross-sectional multinational study

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatology practice and on the rheumatologists themselves, and to develop suggestions to improve the practice.MethodsA cross-sectional web survey was designed by members of the Arab League of Associations for Rheumatology (ArLAR), validated by its scientific committee and disseminated through e-mail and social media. It included close-ended questions about the impact of the pandemic on the activities (in percentage, where 100% corresponds to complete suspension), and open-ended questions about unmet needs. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the predictors of impact. Suggestions were developed to improve practice.ResultsA total of 858 rheumatologists were included in the analysis (27.3% of registered), 37% were 35-44 years-old, 60% were females and 48% worked in the private sector. The impact of COVID-19 was a decrease of 69% in hospitalizations, 65% in outpatient clinic, 56% in infusion centers and 43% in income. It was associated with the region (highest in the Gulf), the use of telemedicine, the impact on income and the practice sector (lowest in private). Telemedicine was mostly based on traditional telephone contacts and e-mails and reimbursed in 12%. Fifteen rheumatologists (1.8%) were infected and 156 cases of COVID-19 among patients were reported, of whom 22% died. The top-cited unmet needs were: access to drugs and a telemedicine platform.Conclusion The negative COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatology practice may compromise rheumatic diseases control. Better access to drugs and providing telemedicine platforms are recommended to improve the practice.
Digital Technical and Informal Resources of Breast Cancer Patients From 2012 to 2020: Questionnaire-Based Longitudinal Trend Study

Background Digitalization offers enormous potential in medicine. In the era of digitalization, the development of the use of digital, technical, and informal resources of breast cancer patients and factors influencing the degree of digitization of patients has been insufficiently researched. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the development of the use of digital technical and informal resources in a well-defined patient cohort. Methods A longitudinal study on 513 breast cancer patients from 2012 to 2020 was conducted using a questionnaire that included the main aspects of the degree of digitalization, including digital device availability and use, stationary and mobile internet access and use, and communication and information seeking regarding breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Results The majority of patients (421/513, 82.1%) owned the technical resources to benefit from eHealth, used the internet to obtain information (292/509, 57.4%), and were willing to use new eHealth solutions (379/426, 89%). Two-thirds of the patients discussed information about their cancer on the internet with their doctor, one-third found additional treatment options on the internet, and 15.3% (44/287) of the patients stated that this had changed their cancer therapy. The degree of digitization is increasing yet still significantly depends on 3 factors: (1) age (whereas 100% [39/39] of the <59-year-old group used the internet in 2020, 92% of the 60 to 69-year-old group [11/12] and only 47% [6/13] of the >70-year-old group used the internet), (2) education (internet use significantly depended on education, as only 51.8% [59/114] of patients with primary school education used the internet, but 82.4% [126/153] with middle school education and 90.3% [213/236] with high school education used the internet; P<.001), and (3) household size (67.7% [111/164] of patients living alone used the internet, whereas 84.7% [287/339] of patients living in a house with ≥2 people used the internet; P<.001). Conclusions To implement digital solutions in health care, knowledge of the composition and degree of the use of digital technical and informal resources of the patient group for which the respective solution is developed is crucial for success. Trial Registration German Register of Clinical Studies DRKS00012364; https://www.drks. de/drks_web/navigate.do? navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00012364
Models of charge transport in electron-beam irradiated insulators

Carrier generation in an insulator due to electron-beam irradiation causes a radiation-induced conductivity. This phenomenon can be considered in the equations for charge transport in two different ways: A first, macroscopic, approach takes into account only the radiation-induced conductivity while a second, microscopic, scheme is based on a detailed description of the carrier generation and recombination in the insulator including the carrier mobility. As compared to the macroscopic approach, the microscopic procedure requires a larger and more complicated system of equations and the knowledge of the generation and recombination rates. Therefore, numerical evaluations on the basis of the macroscopic model are often more desirable. In this case, only the knowledge of the radiation-induced conductivity, which is easily measurable, is necessary. Numerical results for open-circuit conditions, obtained from both models, are compared and advantages and drawbacks of the two models discussed.
The Application of Firth Bias Correction in Variance Components Estimation of Clustered Random Intercept Binary Model

Firth Bias Correction has been discussed in literatures as an alternative method for reducing the bias of variance components in generalized linear mixed model. This paper discusses the application of Firth’s correction in a clustered random intercept binary model in which the penalized quasi likelihood method is utilized. The clustered random intercept binary model is usually applied in clustered data in which the data can be naturally clustered. In this paper the Firth’s correction has been applied to low birth weight data in Indonesia to investigate factors affecting the incidence of the low birth weight as well as its variation within and between clusters.
Parents living with profound intellectual disabilities – how to improve the transition process from family home to independent living. A qualitative study with parents and employees

Background The transition process from the family home to independent living for young adults with intellectual disability (ID) becomes delayed. Those families face challenges that exceed those of typical families such as higher objective and subjective burden, more frequent psychological distress and lower social support. The aim of this study was to explore the collaboration process between parents and employees and identify factors that improve the transition with less burden. Methods A descriptive qualitative study was undertaken with 18 persons (9 parents and 9 employees) interviewed individually and in groups. In accordance with the municipality`s guidelines, families with profound intellectual disability (PID) child should apply for housing, when the child turns 16. The purpose is to ensure interdisciplinary collaboration, information flow and coordinated services according to family’s needs. The main question in the interviews was ‘What was your experience with cooperation in the transition process, and what would you do to improve this process? ’ The interviews were analysed with a thematic approach using systematic text condensation. Results The parents experienced a lack of general information about the ‘housing waiting list’, level of services, the plan for time of moving from the family home, and how to choose where and whom to live with. Parents described that they had an unsustainable burden of care during the waiting period, and a family crisis caused the allocation of an apartment in a group house. Employees shared challenges to meet families’ wishes, as there were too few group homes. They experienced good cooperation with families and said they offered respite care, due to reduce parents’ burden of care. Employees experienced that PID children developed skills, mastery and degrees of independence after completing a residency at the Folk High School. Conclusions To improve the collaboration process to reduce the burden of care to families, the informants highlighted the following imported factors:
Hybrid Fe2O3 Nanoparticle Clusters/rGO Paper as an Effective Negative Electrode for Flexible Supercapacitors

Flexible asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are promising energy storage devices as they provide much higher energy density and wider applications than symmetric or nonflexible supercapacitors. While various positive electrode materials have been demonstrated with good performances, suitable and matching negative electrode materials are still desperately needed. In this work, Fe2O3 nanoparticle clusters are rationally coupled with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets, leading to a highly flexible thin paper with excellent mechanical stability and electrical conductivity. The well dispersed and porous Fe2O3 nanoparticle clusters are composed of much smaller nanoparticles (∼30 nm), which provide a large electrode–electrolyte interface. When tested in 3 M KOH aqueous electrolyte, the hybrid Fe2O3 nanoparticle clusters/rGO paper demonstrates much improved volumetric capacitance in the negative voltage range, compared to pristine rGO paper (178.3 compared to 106.2 F cm–3 at 1 mV s–1 scan rate in cyclic voltammet.
Soil bacterial communities associated with stony soils influence the tuber size of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum

Background Plants grown in stony soils have better-developed root systems and higher crop yields than those grown in non-stony soils. The roles of various physical and chemical effects of stony soils on plant growth have been published, but the roles of soil microbiota and rhizosphere microbiota have not been investigated. Methods Tetrastigma hemsleyanum plants were cultivated for two years in stony soils and in the same soil from which rock-fragments had been removed. The microbiome and the tuber transcriptome were analyzed, using multiple bioinformatics methods. Results The soil microbiota of these two soils were markedly different, and the stony soils contained high abundances of bacterial taxa belonging to the Actinobacteria, Rokubacteria, Rhizobiales, Desulfarculaceae, and Chthoniobacteraceae. These discriminatory taxa in soils may promote the tuber growth of T. hemsleyanum, through releasing nutrients from rocks and colonizing the rhizosphere and tuber surface of T. hemsleyanum. In addition, stony soils induced a dramatic change in the tuber’s transcriptome, particularly with respect to the pathways of phytohormone biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and biotic stress resistance, expression levels of which showed strong correlations with the aforementioned bacterial taxa. Conclusions These results indicated that beneficial effects of stony soils on plant growth may be closely correlated with their specific microbiota, which can, in turn, influence multiple biological processes of host. This is the first study to reveal the role of stony soils-driven microbiota in tuber growth, and stony soils can represent a microbial repository for the screening of microbial isolates to increase plant yield.
Use of Artificial Intelligence to Predict University Dropout: A Quantitative Research

The main aim of the research is to predict, as early as possible, which student will drop out in the Higher Education (HE) context. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used for replacing repetitive human activities, e.g. in the field of for autonomous driving or for the task of classification pictures. In these areas IA competes with the man with fairly satisfactory results and, in the case of college dropout, it is extremely unlikely that an experienced teacher can “predict” the student’s academic success based on only on data provided by administrative offices. In this study used administrative data of about 6,000 students enrolled in the Department of Education of the University of Roma Tre to train convolutive neural nets (RNC). The trained network provides a probabilistic indicating, for each student, the probability of abandonment. Then, the trained network provides a predictive model that predicts whether the student will dropout. The accuracy of the obtained deep learning models ranged from 67.1% for the first-year students up to 94.3% for the third-year students.