Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collective Turnover at the Group, Unit, and Organizational Levels: Evidence, Issues, and Implications

Studies of the causes and consequences of turnover at the group, unit, or organizational level of analysis have proliferated in recent years. Indicative of its importance, turnover rate research spans numerous academic disciplines and their respective journals. This broad interest is fueled by the considerable implications of turnover rates predicting broader measures of organizational effectiveness (productivity, customer outcomes, firm performance) as well as by the related perspective that collective turnover is an important outcome in its own right. The goal of this review is to critically examine and extract meaningful insights from research on the causes and consequences of group, unit, and organizational turnover. The review is organized around five major “considerations,” including (1) measurement and levels of analysis issues, (2) consequences, (3) curvilinear and interaction effects, (4) methodological and conceptual issues, and (5) antecedents. The review concludes with broad directions for future research.
Rage against the machine: Evaluation metrics in the 21st century

ABSTRACT I review the classic literature in generative grammar and Marr’s three-level program for cognitive science to defend the Evaluation Metric as a psychological theory of language learning. Focusing on well-established facts of language variation, change, and use, I argue that optimal statistical principles embodied in Bayesian inference models are ill-suited for language acquisition. Specific attention will be given to the Subset Problem: Indirect negative evidence, which can be attractively formulated in the Bayesian framework, is ineffective when the statistical properties of language are examined in detail. As an alternative, I suggest that the Tolerance Principle (Yang 2016) provides a unified solution for the problem of induction and generalization: It bridges the computational and algorithm levels in Marr’s formulation, while retaining the commitment to the formal and empirical constraints in child language development.
Libyan Licenses Plate Recognition Using Template Matching Method

License plate recognition (LPR) applies image processing and character recognition technology to identify vehicles by automatically reading their license plates. The work presented in this paper aims to create a computer vision system capable of taking real-time input image from a static camera and identifying the license plate from extracted image. This problem is examined in two stages: First the license plate region detection and extraction from background and plate segmentation to sub-images, and second the character recognition stage. The method used for the license plate region detection is based on the assumption that the license plate area is a high concentration of smaller details, making it a region of high intensity of edges. The Sobel filter and their vertical and horizontal projections are used to identify the plate region. The result of testing this stage was an accuracy of 67.5%. The final stage of the LPR system is optical character recognition (OCR). The method adopted for this stage is based on template matching using correlation. Testing the performance of OCR resulted in an overall recognition rate of 87.76%.
The impact of the light source movement on the EM properties of light FRANC ROZMAN

The size of spectral line shifts, caused by moving light sources, as quoted in various scientific articles, clearly depends on the choice of the measuring instrument. The Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) responds differently to the changes of speed of light source as the spectrometer based on defraction grating. It is possible that these two instruments are not equally sensitive to the frequency as to the wavelength of the light. Moreover, we have to ask ourselves if the moving light source affects the frequency differently from the wavelength of the light. In this case we have to allow the hypothesis that, in accordance with the equation c = f. λ, the moving light source affects the speed of light. Key-Words: speed of light, Fabry-Perot interferometer, diffraction grating spectrometer.
Fighting the Current: Recalling Specific Self-Relevant Memories

The present study was designed to address whether recalling specific autobiographical memories is more difficult when they are self-relevant compared to non-relevant. In recent years, a number of experimental studies have indicated that self-relevant memories are more likely to be recalled without a specific time frame or very much detail. Unfortunately, these findings have not been integrated into the popular executive resources theory of autobiographical memory recall or theories of independent semantic and episodic memory stores. This study tested the hypothesis that self-relevant memories will be accessed in the semantic store and therefore will require more executive resources to generate a final specific memory. Contrary to predictions, results demonstrated that participants with low pre-existing executive resources used more executive resources when recalling non-relevant memories compared to self-relevant memories. The unexpected pattern of results suggest that either selfrelevance acted much like the self-reference effect and made recall easier or that the instructions in the non-relevant condition may have been differentially difficult. This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. Dissertation Director: ____________________________________ Dr. Denis Beike Dissertation Committee: ____________________________________ Dr. James Lampinen ____________________________________ Dr. Scott Eidelman Dissertation Duplication Release I hereby authorize the University of Arkansas Libraries to duplicate this dissertation when needed for research and/or scholarship. Agreed _________________________________ John Ransom Refused __________________________________ John Ransom
Yellow sticky boards: a possible way of monitoring little spruce sawfly (Pristiphora abietina) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

Several methods of Pristiphora abietina adults catching were compared (Malaise trap, white and yellow sticky boards, sweeping). The yellow sticky boards are handy in the field, and under the high population density appear to be a reliable method of detecting sawfly populations: 1. There was a statistically significant coincidence between the samples of Malaise traps and yellow sticky boards. 2. There was a highly significant linear correlation between the number of caught adults on five sticky boards and the degree of defoliation in seven localities. 3. We did not observe any statistically significant differences between the samples on yellow sticky boards taken in different intervals. To estimate the abundance of adults, it is sufficient to install yellow sticky boards before swarming and check them after the swarming. 4. No statistically significant differences were found between the catch means per board in line with different number of boards, it means with different distance, in both male and females.
Can Service-Learning Help Students Appreciate an Unpopular Course?: A Theoretical Framework

A theoretical model is presented that proposes a mechanism through which service-learning can improve students’ attitudes toward a course. The model suggests that service-learning projects have an effect on students’ perception of the course material’s usefulness, and that higher perceived usefulness, along with higher perceived ease of subject, leads to more favorable attitudes toward the course and stronger intentions for future use of its material. In order to test the model, a longitudinal study involving undergraduate students enrolled in a business statistics course was conducted. The results of the study provided full support for the proposed model and suggested that students involved in service-learning projects experienced significantly higher increase in their perception of the course material’s usefulness relative to a comparison group, which resulted in improved attitudes toward the course and in stronger intentions for future use of the course material.
Hadamard Renormalisation of the Stress Energy Tensor on the Horizons of a Spherically Symmetric Black Hole Space-Time

We consider a quantum field which is in a Hartle-Hawking state propagating in a general spherically symmetric black hole space-time. We make use of uniform approximations to the radial equation to calculate the components of the stress tensor, renormalized using the Hadamard form of the Green’s function, on the horizons of this space-time. We then specialize these results to the case of the ‘lukewarm’ Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter black hole and derive some conditions on the stress tensor for the regularity of the Hartle-Hawking state.
Towards a grounded theory of urban attached housing design for families : balancing lifestyle perceptions with sanctuary needs

As Canada becomes an increasingly urban nation, a growing number of people have begun to express concern over the social and environmental costs of suburban development. Despite these concerns, detached suburban housing remains the preferred form for most families. This research uses a qualitative approach to develop an improved understanding of the housing needs of second generation -̂ Canadian families with pre-school aged children. A home provides sanctuary, lifestyle opportunities, and is an important financial investment for young families today. This understanding of the needs behind family housing preferences made it possible to propose an emergent grounded theory of attached housing design. While it is essential to satisfy a family's sanctuary needs, it the rich public realm of a good urban environment that compensates for the loss of private space and would attract more young Canadian families to urban living. The three core findings of this research are: • families with an urban lifestyle vision are the most likely to perceive urban attached housing as an appealing alternative; • family housing should be concentrated on quiet streets close to vibrant community and retail amenities to enable this lifestyle; • satisfying a family's need for sanctuary through the provision of sufficient and appropriately laid-out interior space is key to increasing the appeal of attached housing alternatives.
Magnesium and the metabolic syndrome : a systematic review and meta-analysis

Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Community Health Department, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran 5 School of Medicine and Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, QLD, Australia
IMAGE PROCESSING FOR ACQUIRING TARGET COORDINATES WITH A PLATFORM

In the modern battlefield there are used many methods to hide personnel, equipments and vehicles. Most of them are using natural (vegetation) and artificial (masking, netting) obstacles. Moreover, there are some situations when conditions like night and bad weather may make difficult or impossible to visualize them with visible spectrum sensors. In these cases a stabilized platform with complex sensor (visible and infrared camera) and LASER telemeter are used. In this paper complex data (image) processing and data fusion, used not only to find this kind of targets, but also to identify (classify) them, are described.
An online substructure identification method for local structural health monitoring

This paper proposes a substructure isolation method, which uses time series of measured local response for online monitoring of substructures. The proposed monitoring process consists of two key steps: construction of the isolated substructure, and its identification. The isolated substructure is an independent virtual structure, which is numerically isolated from the global structure by placing virtual supports on the interface. First, the isolated substructure is constructed by a specific linear combination of time series of its measured local responses. Then, the isolated substructure is identified using its local natural frequencies extracted from the combined responses. The substructure is assumed to be linear; the outside part of the global structure can have any characteristics. The method has no requirements on the initial state of the structure, and so the process can be carried out repetitively for online monitoring. Online isolation and monitoring is illustrated in a numerical example with a frame model, and then verified in a cantilever beam experiment.
Effects of Transport Improvements on Commuting and Residential Choice

This paper develops a commuter location model able to explain and simulate residential location changes of commuters that result from transport improvements. The core model is based on the assumption of constant commuting time, while two extensions incorporate substitution possibilities having an upward effect on total commuting time. Estimation errors of the residential location of the working population with the existing transport system are limited to 7%. With the extended model, the impacts on commuting and residential choice are investigated for six higher speed rail connections between Amsterdam, located in the urban core of the Netherlands, and Groningen, located in its rural periphery. The model outcomes strongly influenced the public policy debate in the Netherlands.
Decadal evaluation of regional climate, air quality, and their interactions over the continental US and their interactions using WRF/Chem version 3.6.1

Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) v3.6. 1 with the Carbon Bond 2005 (CB05) gas-phase mechanism is evaluated for its first decadal application during 2001–2010 using the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP 8.5) emissions to assess its capability and appropriateness for long-term climatological simulations. The initial and boundary conditions are downscaled from the modified Community Earth System Model/Community Atmosphere Model (CESM/CAM5) v1.2. 2. The meteorological initial and boundary conditions are bias-corrected using the National Center for Environmental Protection's Final (FNL) Operational Global Analysis data. Climatological evaluations are carried out for meteorological, chemical, and aerosol–cloud–radiation variables against data from surface networks and satellite retrievals. The model performs very well for the 2 m temperature (T2) for the 10-year period, with only a small cold bias of −0.3 °C. Biases in other meteorological variables including relative humidity at 2 m, wind speed at 10 m, and precipitation tend to be site- and season-specific; however, with the exception of T2, consistent annual biases exist for most of the years from 2001 to 2010. Ozone mixing ratios are slightly overpredicted at both urban and rural locations with a normalized mean bias (NMB) of 9.7 % but underpredicted at rural locations with an NMB of −8.8 %. PM2.5 concentrations are moderately overpredicted with an NMB of 23.3 % at rural sites but slightly underpredicted with an NMB of −10.8 % at urban/suburban sites. In general, the model performs relatively well for chemical and meteorological variables, and not as well for aerosol–cloud–radiation variables. Cloud-aerosol variables including aerosol optical depth, cloud water path, cloud optical thickness, and cloud droplet number concentration are generally underpredicted on average across the continental US. Overpredictions of several cloud variables over the eastern US result in underpredictions of radiation variables (such as net shortwave radiation – GSW – with a mean bias – MB – of −5.7 W m−2) and overpredictions of shortwave and longwave cloud forcing (MBs of ∼ 7 to 8 W m−2), which are important climate variables. While the current performance is deemed to be acceptable, improvements to the bias-correction method for CESM downscaling and the model parameterizations of cloud dynamics and thermodynamics, as well as aerosol–cloud interactions, can potentially improve model performance for long-term climate simulations.
Accumulation of antioxidants and antioxidant activity in tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, are enhanced by the transcription factor SlICE1

Antioxidants and antioxidant activity confer important protective eects in plants ag ainst the eects of free radicals, which are generated by biotic and abiotic stresses, such as cold. In another study, we identied SlICE1 as a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor to improve cold tolerance. Here, we demonstrate that SlICE1 plays an important role in the accumulation of antioxidants and in the regulation of antioxidant activity in tomato Sol anum lycopersicum. Overexpression of SlICE1 in tomatoes enhanced the accumulation of antioxidants, such as �-carotene, lycopene, and ascorbic acid, as well as antioxidant activity, measured as the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydazyl (DPPH) free radicals and O2 radicals. Furthermore, the sugar content in SlICE1-overexpressing tomatoes red fruits was higher than that in wild-type red fruits. Metabolite proling analysis performed by capillary electrophoresis time-of-�ight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS) revealed that several amino acids and amines were more highly accumulated in SlICE1-overexpressing tomato red fruits compared to those in wild-type tomatoes. �ese results suggest that SlICE1 plays a role in the regulation of antioxidant activity through the accumulation of several antioxidants.
The ‘Oecumenical Schools’: A Forgotten Civic Initiative in Hungary

A few of the public schools in Hungary declared themselves ‘oecumenical’ during the first period of the political transition of 1988-1993. ‘Oecumenical’ meant in that context the faith-based but non-denominational school program and curriculum developed jointly by the parents (PTA) and the teachers of the institutions concerned. At the same time, local authorities still remained the owners of the schools, as regulated by the reform minded 1985 Act on Education. Under the new Act on Public Education (1993), however, ‘oecumenical’ schools proved illegal, since institutions operated by local authorities had to have neutral curricula and educational programmes. The ‘oecumenical schools’ discussed in this paper are considered as a historical case of the ‘socialisation of schools’ by local communities under the impact of liberation from the former political regime. Three case studies of former ‘oecumenical schools’ were prepared and analysed in order find out who the leading actors were in the process. It transpired that young, wellestablished middle class parents with relatively high levels of education were successful both in establishing and allowing their ‘oecumenical schools’ to survive if they had the support of the school and the local Churches. The local ministers (priests) were rather more supportive than negative; higher ranking leaders of the established Churches proved to be rather negative. The local authorities usually joined the Church authorities in rejecting ‘oecumenical’ schools; while the teachers were partly enthusiastically supportive, and partly hostile. School heads associated with PTA leaders became the ‘agents of change’ of this civic attempt of school makeover.
Determination of Optimal Pattern of Conventional Agrarian Activities of Forest Fringe Villagers in Hezarjarib Area, Iran

For the rural population, an improvement in the income of the agriculture and allied sectors is essential for improving the welfare, rural economic prosperity, and the overall economic development. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal pattern in various activities of forest fringe villagers of Hezarjarib area in 2013 for management of resources and rural development planning. For this purpose, the sample size was estimated to be 160 households out of a total of 472, by the use of proportional random sampling method. To collect data, we used a questionnaire whose reliability coefficient was determined as 0.81, by using the split-half method. The results of linear and goal programming model showed that, among the conventional activities of villagers, animal husbandry activity with the highest proportion played the key role in households’ welfare, representing 51.42% of the total income of household. Moreover, Goal Programing (GP) model was determined as a useful model to increase households’ welfare (10.42%) and reduce deforestation (74.6%). Accordingly, it is indicated that there is a potential to improve existing conditions and access to greater welfare in the study area. Thus, the production planning and guidance according to the above results can play an important role in villagers’ activity development.
Structural analysis of depression indicators scale-children and adolescents (BAID-IJ): a bifactor-ESEM approach

Depression in children and adolescents has reached alarming levels, evidencing an ever-greater need for early diagnosis of the disorder. Depression is a construct closely related to other indicators and the broad track of symptoms. The Depression Indicator Assessment Battery was developed to measure the core symptoms of depression, loneliness, helplessness, self-esteem and self-concept. Participants were 976 children and adolescents, aged 8-18 years. The data was collect from two public schools and from public mental health care services in Brazil. The internal structure was studied with the comparison of six different exploratory and confi rmatory models, each one nest different assumptions. The comparison of models indicated that a latent bifactor explanatory structural equation model better explains the variance of data. The latent structure expected for the battery was confi rmed, taking in account the complexity of measure correlated constructs, linking the theory to the measure. Keyword: Psychometric, psychological assessment, childhood depression. Análise Estrutural da Bateria de Avaliação de Indicadores de Depresão Infantojunenil: Uma Abordagem ESEM Bifactor
An Application of Support Vector Machine in Fractal Interpolation Surfaces Fitting

To avoid discontinuity of the Fractal Interpolation Surfaces(FISs), this paper puts forward Support Vector Machine(SVM) model based on statistical learning theory(SLT) in the late of the fractal interpolation simulation. SVM founded on the framework of SLT is a new learning algorithm. Utilizing this SVM method to fit the fractal surface which was generated randomly can achieve good results. Therefore, it is not only to eliminate the uncertainty of interpolation surface, but also retain the detail changes of the fractal surface at later stages of fractal interpolation.
SNF Working Paper No . 07 / 13 Modeling the Norwegian Sea ‘ pelagic complex ’ An application of the Ensemble Kalman Filter by Nils-Arne Ekerhovd Sturla F

We have estimated the parameters of a modified logistic ecosystem model of the pelagic fish stocks in the Norwegian Sea with the Ensemble Kalman Filter. Our model only contains four parameters. The model appear to capture much of the dynamics in the system as well as the interactions between the different species. The interactions are competitive, mutually destructive interactions, where Norwegian Spring Spawning herring, Northeast Atlantic blue whiting and Northeast Atlantic mackerel prey upon the same food source(s), thus, limited by a common ‘carrying capacity’. Increase in one species’ biomass leads to reduced growth for all three species. While the main, dynamic features seems to be picked up, and most observations are within the forecast range, the forecasts are often too small, and a deterministic forecast has less or no downward bias.