Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CMOS Digital-to-Analog Converter

This paper presents a CMOS Digital-to-Analog Converter (D/A) Circuit. The voltage clipping circuit building blocks based on minimum circuit and electronic resistor are deployed. The proposed circuit uses a worth of current-mode signal processing for minimized circuitry. The clipping circuit can be obtained the current output according to its voltage output and the electronic resistor. The clipping voltage output is achieved by input clipping voltage and input voltage relations. The D/A currents output can be simply obtained by summing of their currents. The direct connection method and n-bits expandable without any restrictions can be obtained that is an advantage of current-mode approach. The integrity analog output can be obtained either current or voltage. The simulation results are performed by PSpice based on MOSIS CMOS process 0. 25μm. The analog integrity output can be obtained.
G mutation in dihydrofolate reductase from drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mumbai , India ) leads to increased interaction with Trimethoprim 5

Background: Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) (dfrA gene) is an essential enzyme for cell survival and an unexplored target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This study was carried out to analyze mutations in the dfrA gene amongst 20 clinical DNA samples from Mtb isolates obtained from Mumbai, India. Methods: Sequencing of the PCR amplified dfrA gene from these DNA isolates revealed a point mutation in one strain, leading to a glutamic acid to glycine change. In silico simulation studies revealed a surface alteration in the enzyme due to this E84G mutation. The amplified mutant gene was cloned and expressed. The mutant protein was assessed against known DHFR inhibitors: Methotrexate and Trimethoprim. Results: An increased affinity for inhibitor Trimethoprim and native substrate dihydrofolate was observed with the mutant. Methotrexate did not vary in its activity with both
Development of a Low Head Tidal Turbine Part 1 : CFD Simulations , Design and Optimization

Recent research has shown that four-quadrant turbines are required to achieve maximum net energy production in a tidal barrage plant. These turbines can generate electricity in both flow directions and are capable of pumping. An innovative turbine concept is being reviewed in the course of the Eurostars research project Safe*Coast. This project proposes to install a turbine in a reversible cylinder in order to allow for fourquadrant operation. To evaluate the feasibility of the concept, the authors designed a compact low head axial tidal turbine with the aid of CFD simulations. This paper presents the methods used in the design and optimization process of the turbine. It also describes numerically obtained turbine characteristics, and cavitation limits. The most critical requirements of the turbine include high efficiency in turbine and pumping mode and safe cavitation properties. By computing steady state CFD simulations of the turbine stage, an extensive set of geometries was analyzed. The authors optimized the turbine performance by adjusting the meridional section, as well as runner blade and guide vane profiles and angles along with other related parameters. Transient simulations of the whole setup, including the inlet and draft tube geometries, were performed in order to study transient effects. The final design after optimization is a three bladed axial turbine with adjustable guide vanes and a rim generator. The turbine’s symmetrical inlet and outlet geometry and its relative compactness permit its integration in a reversible cylinder. The simulation results are very positive and indicate that all the relevant design criteria are satisfied. As a result, the project will continue into a new phase in which a model of the turbine will be built for physical testing in order to verify the results and to conduct further investigations.
P 53 mutations in sporadic and NF 1 related malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors ( MPNST ) : from clinical evidences to a molecular rationale

It is becoming accepted that the progression of mammalian cells towards malignancy is an evolutionary process that involves an accumulation of mutations on both the molecular and chromosomal level. Inherent in models for malignant progression is the concept that an initial mutation in an important regulatory gene (protein) may be pivotal in this process. Once the initial mutation is introduced, loss of normal gene function or the acquisition of deleterious functions may lead to additional mutations furthering the malignant transformation of the cell [1]. Wild-type protein p53 (Figure 1) encoded by the so-called tumor suppressor gene maintains the integrity of the genome during cell division. For this reason it is a good candidate for the involvement in this process. It is estimated that, out of the 6.5 million people diagnosed each year with some form of cancer, about one half have p53 mutations in their tumor cells, and that the vast majority of these are single point mutations [2,3].
Unit ‘ If I Could Properly Understand and Get the Right Information ’ : A Qualitative Study on the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs and Rights of HIV-positive Women

Women of reproductive age in South Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV and represent the fastest growing group diagnosed with the virus. Despite this epidemiological picture, very little attention has been placed on the sexual and reproductive health needs of these women, particularly in South Africa and other developing countries. This study, a sub-study of a much bigger study, explored the sexual and reproductive health needs of women newly diagnosed with HIV and how these translate into their human rights. In-depth interviews, within qualitative methodologies, were conducted and analysed with fourteen women from Cape Town, who seroconverted during the larger microbicide, Carraguard study carried out by the Population Council (USA) and University of Cape Town. This study is novel in its exploration of these issues amongst women who are newly diagnosed. The results revealed that a positive diagnosis produced a major shift in sexual and reproductive desires for these women, with respondents almost unanimously no longer wishing for children or sex. The rationale for such alterations involved four levels of meaning: fear, blame, guilt, and difficulties in negotiating safe sex. These sentiments appear to have been shaped by the lack of information afforded to them, as well as the stigmatising and ideologically laden social discourses surrounding them. The findings from this study offer insights into both the unique sexual and reproductive health needs and rights of recently diagnosed women, as well as the more general sexual and reproductive needs and rights pertaining to all HIV-positive persons, at all stages of the disease. An underlying argument throughout this paper is the need for closer attention from policy makers and health care providers in recognising and supporting the sexual and reproductive needs and rights of HIV-positive women. Recommendations are provided for meeting these needs and synergising public health goals with human rights objectives.
Prediction of Percent Body Fat and Energy Requirements of Preparatory School Children in the Gaza Strip .

This study was conducted to describe anthropometric measures of body fat and energy requirements of Prep. School children (PSC) aged 12-14 yrs in three different socioeconomical communities in the Gaza Strip (GS). It was also aimed to test whether body mass index (BMI) values are associated with energy requirements or socioeconomical factors among PSC in these communities. Study sample was chosen purposively from three different socioeconomical communities in GS. These communities are Jabalia refugee camp (JRC), Gaza city (GC), and Al-Garrara village (GV). It was selected randomly from two largest preparatory schools (one for males and one for females) per each area and totally consisted of 680 PSC (350 males and 330 females). A structural and self-administered questionnaire about socioeconomical factors for each pupil in the sample was recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS WIN program. Mean values of BMI and percent body fat (PBF) for the male pupils in GC, JRC, and GV were 19.77 (3.62), 18.92 (3.12), 18.51 (3.41) kg/m and 18.53 (5.40), 17.26 (4.64), 16.59 (5.04), respectively. On the other hand, mean values of BMI and PBF for female pupils in GC, JRC, and GV were 19.51 (4.00), 19.95 (4.00), 20.10 (2.81) kg/m, and 21.75 (5.97), 22.42 (6.01), 22.59 (4.14), respectively. Moreover, means of predicted total daily energy requirements (TDR) for the males in GC, JRC, and GV were 2540 (357), 2491 (315), 2415 (326) kcal/day and for the female pupils were 2220 (206), 2231 (215), 2225 (160) kcal/day, respectively. Results also showed statistical significant differences in PBF or energy requirements between both sexes in the three different communities (p<0.05). In contrast, a significant difference was not observed in BMI between both sexes in GC (p= 0.62). The values of BMI of PSC and basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the female pupils lied within the corresponding reference values of WHO. In contrast, BMR for the males are slightly higher than the corresponding reference values. Moreover, BMI was strongly correlated with BMR in the three communities (p<0.01). The results also showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in BMI or PBF or energy requirements among the males in GC and GV. In contrast, these significant differences were not observed with the other communities. Moreover, there were no significant differences in these variables for the female pupils in the three communities. BMI was found to be highly associated with father job in GC (p= 0.02).
Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 29(3):289-306 (2017)

The local buckling has always been known as an undesirable and destructive phenomenon in steel structures. Thus, it is necessary to identify the effective factors in local buckling of the steel box column. Currently, box columns are generally fabricated by welding plates using fillet or groove welds with various manufacturing patterns, in terms of weld leg size and the overlap length of the plates. Hence, the evaluation of these patterns and also the control of local buckling in built sections seem to be essential. In this research, a variety of columns with different welding patterns, including groove and fillet welds with various overlap values and weld legs are numerically modeled and their local buckling behavior is studied in the finite element domain by using ABAQUS software. A suitable welding pattern is proposed by assessing the energy absorption, as well as stress distribution, stress concentration and finally local buckling in steel box section columns. The obtained results indicate that, the sections fabricated utilizing groove welds, have the best nonlinear performance. And also a suitable implementation of fillet welds to fabricate steel box columns is to consider 20% overlap length and 80% weld leg size to plate thickness as this model subject to small amount of local buckling. This model has shown less than 6% reduction in plastic capacity and energy absorption in comparison with groove welding. Another method is to use 50% for both overlap length and weld leg size to plate thickness. This model has shown less than 8% reduction in plastic capacity and energy absorption in comparison with groove welding. In addition, unsuitable implementation of fillet welds especially with small overlaps and weld leg sizes has shown a 12.5% reduction in plastic capacity and energy absorption, compared to groove welding
MicroRNA Profile in CD 8 + T-Lymphocytes from HIV-Infected Individuals : Relationship with Antiviral Immune Response and Disease Progression

1 Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics of HIV, AIDS Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 2 Immunopathology and Cellular Immunology, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 3 School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, 4 Department of Systems Biology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain, 5 Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
e 23 D : database and visualization of A-toI RNA editing sites mapped to 3 D protein structures

Summary: e23D, a database of A-to-I RNA editing sites from human, mouse and fly mapped to evolutionary related protein 3D structures, is presented. Genomic coordinates of A-to-I RNA editing sites are converted to protein coordinates and mapped onto 3D structures from PDB or theoretical models from ModBase. e23D allows visualization of the protein structure, modeling of recoding events and orientation of the editing with respect to nearby genomic functional sites from databases of disease causing mutations and genomic polymorphism. Availability and Implementation: http://www.sheba-cancer.org. il/e23D Contact: oz.solomon@live.biu. ac.il or Eran.Eyal@sheba.health. gov.il
The effect of cultural intelligence on communication skills

Introduction: In the diverse educational and work environment of the present century, stresses due to cultural shock and disturbances and consequences of cultural conflicts should be properly managed. Therefore cultural intelligence has become increasingly important in today's competitive world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural intelligence on improving the communication skills of students. Materials and Methods: In this survey, the statistical population is all students of Islamic Azad University of Khorasan Razavi, who study in the academic year 2012-13 as number about 8259 people. A sampling method was multi-phase and universities of Mashhad, Quchan, Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Jam and Kashmar were selected so the sample size as 370 cases is considered. Research instrument was cultural intelligence questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Spearman coefficient. Results: Cultural intelligence has significant effects on students' communicative skills, listening skills, verbal skills and feedback skills (P<0.001). Conclusion: In general, cultural intelligence is effective on students' communicative skills.
RESPONSE SURFACE OPTIMIZATION OF PHENOLICS AND CAROTENOIDS EXTRACTION FROM LEAVES OF Olax zeylanica

Olax zeylanica is a green leafy vegetable rich in phenolics and carotenoids and also posses good antioxidant activities. The optimum extraction conditions for the higher recovery of total phenolics and carotenoids contents for leaves of Olax zeylanica were developed using response surface methodology. A three-factor inscribed central composite design (CCD) was used to identify the relationship existing between the response functions (total phenolics and carotenoids) and the process variables, as well as to determine those conditions that optimized the extraction process of total phenolics and carotenoids contents of the extracts. The process variables used for the study were concentration (30100%), extraction temperature (30-60 °C) and extraction time (30-90 min) on the recovery of total phenolics and carotenoids. Multiple graphical and numerical optimizations of the experimental data were done to identify the optimum extraction conditions to achieve the maximum recovery of total phenolics and carotenoids. Optimum extraction conditions of ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time for phenolics, were 6.14%, 19.8 °C, and 9.54 min and for carotenoids, the optimum parameters were 100%, 70.2°C and 110.5 min, respectively. The optimal predicted contents for total phenolics (16.7 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/ g DW) and carotenoids (6.03 mg/g DW) values in the extracts were agreed with the experimental values obtained with optimum extraction conditions for each response.
Tilburg University A nonparametric random-coefficients approach

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Solution Conformations of Graphene Oxide Sheets , and Two-Dimensional

This work reports studies on the physical properties of collections of nanosheets. First, the configurations of graphene oxide sheets in solution are studied. Polarized optical microscopy reveals quickly and decisively that sheets remain flat and form lyotropic liquid crystals over a wide range of solvent conditions. When solvent conditions are inhospitable enough, sheets agglomerate into stacks rather crumpling upon themselves. Theory and simulation suggest that the crumpled state, which can be formed by compressing sheets, is metastable. This work might correct a persistent misunderstanding about the solution physics of graphene oxide. The other major area of study concerns the hydration layers in between lamellar stacks of exfoliated, restacked nanosheets. These layers comprise massive arrays of parallel two-dimensional nanofluidic channels, which exhibit enhanced unipolar ionic conductivity with counterions as the majority charge carriers. Based on the previously discovered graphene oxide nanofluidic platform, exfoliated vermiculite nanofluidic channels are constructed, which shuttle protons through the hydration channels by a Grotthuss mechanism, and which show superior thermal stability to graphene oxide. The 2D nanofluidics platform is also used to demonstrate “kirigami nanofluidics”, where ion transport can be manipulated by cutting the film into specific shapes. This can give rise to ionic current rectification. The rectification effect is attributed to the size and shape mismatch of the concentration polarization zones developed at the inlets and outlets of the nanofluidic channels. The kirigami nanofluidic platform can be used to fabricate ionic diodes and other simple devices. This material platform is expected to be a useful tool for nanofluidics researchers, because it offers a way to carry out nanofluidic experiments quickly with minimal equipment and little expense.
TET 2 and TET 3 regulate GlcNAcylation and H 3 K 4 methylation through OGT and SET 1 / COMPASS

Rachel Deplus, Benjamin Delatte, Marie K Schwinn, Matthieu Defrance, Jacqui Méndez, Nancy Murphy, Mark A Dawson, Michael Volkmar, Pascale Putmans, Emilie Calonne, Alan H Shih, Ross L Levine, Olivier Bernard, Thomas Mercher, Eric Solary, Marjeta Urh, Danette L Daniels* and François Fuks* Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA, Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK, Department of Pathology, Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA, INSERM UMR 985, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris XI, Villejuif, France and INSERM UMR 1009, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris XI, Villejuif, France
The impact of climate change on hydroecological 2 response in chalk streams 3

Climate change represents a major threat to lotic freshwater ecosystems and their ability 10 to support the provision of ecosystem services. England’s chalk streams are in a poor state of health, 11 with significant concerns regarding their resilience, the ability to adapt, under a changing climate. 12 This paper aims to quantify the effect of climate change on hydroecological response, the health of 13 the river, for the River Nar, a SSSI in the south-east of England. To this end, we apply a coupled 14 hydrological and hydroecological modelling framework, with the UKCP09 probabilistic climate 15 projections serving as input (A1B high emissions scenario). Results show that, from 2021 to the end 16 of the century, hydroecological response becomes more heterogeneous. Despite the limited range 17 of the functional feeding groups on the baseline, the River Nar has been able to adapt to extreme 18 events due to inter-annual variation. In the future, this variation is greatly reduced, raising real 19 concerns over the resilience of the river ecosystem under climate change. These new insights into 20 the health of the River Nar, and chalk streams more generally, highlights the necessity of further 21 study and the real need to for changed river management practices. 22
The effects of fl avanone-rich citrus juice on cognitive function and cerebral blood fl ow : an acute , randomised , placebo-controlled cross-over trial in healthy , young adults

A plausible mechanism underlying flavonoid-associated cognitive effects is increased cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, behavioural and CBF effects following flavanone-rich juice consumption have not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate whether consumption of flavanone-rich juice is associated with acute cognitive benefits and increased regional CBF in healthy, young adults. An acute, single-blind, randomised, cross-over design was applied with two 500-ml drink conditions – high-flavanone (HF; 70·5mg) drink and an energy-, and vitamin Cmatched, zero-flavanone control. A total of twenty-four healthy young adults aged 18–30 years underwent cognitive testing at baseline and 2-h after drink consumption. A further sixteen, healthy, young adults were recruited for functional MRI assessment, whereby CBF was measured with arterial spin labelling during conscious resting state at baseline as well as 2 and 5 h after drink consumption. The HF drink was associated with significantly increased regional perfusion in the inferior and middle right frontal gyrus at 2 h relative to baseline and the control drink. In addition, the HF drink was associated with significantly improved performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test at 2 h relative to baseline and the control drink, but no effects were observed on any other behavioural cognitive tests. These results demonstrate that consumption of flavanone-rich citrus juice in quantities commonly consumed can acutely enhance blood flow to the brain in healthy, young adults. However, further studies are required to establish a direct causal link between increased CBF and enhanced behavioural outcomes following citrus juice ingestion.
Evaluation of Statistical Readability Measures on Slovene texts

The majority of existing readability measures are explicitly designed for and tested on English texts. The aim of our paper is to adapt and test the readability measures on Slovene. We test a set of 10 well-known readability formulas and 8 additional readability criteria on different types of texts: children’s magazines, general magazines, daily newspapers, technical magazines, and transcriptions from the national assembly. As these groups of texts target different audiences, we assume that the differences in writing styles should also be reflected in different readability scores. Our analysis shows which readability measures perform well on this task and which fail to distinguish between the groups.