Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monte Carlo MSSA to modeling GNSS position time series and its implication for crustal deformation monitoring

In this paper, a scheme of signal extraction and modeling for GNSS position time series based on Monte Carlo Multi-channel Singular Spectrum Analysis (MC-MSSA) is introduced, which can effectively consider the spatial correlation of different directions by processing the different components of position time series at the same time. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo significance test is utilized to distinguish the signal from the colored noise. By comparing with Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA), it can be confirmed that MSSA has better signal extraction and modeling performance by taking into account the correlation of different channels. Then, taking the LHAZ station as an example, MC-MSSA is utilized to simultaneously model the three components o f GNSS position time series, and the trend and periodic signals are respectively identified by Kendall nonparametric test and W-correlation correlation analysis. The result denotes that MC-MSSA can effectively model the tectonic and non-tectonic signals of GNSS position time series, and the modeled signals can more intuitively reflect the dynamic movement of the station. Finally, based on the MC-MSSA-modeled tectonic signal, we characterize the crustal deformations around the eastern Tibetan Plateau, mainly including the crustal movement and strain rate change. The results suggest that the pushing movement of the Tibetan Plateau from the Indian plate is blocked by the South China block, and the crustal movement rate is obviously decreased and appears a right-handed movement trend. Meanwhile, the junction of the Tibetan Plateau and South China block has accumulated a certain amount of stress, and the tectonic activity at the junction is relatively strong and still belongs to the dangerous zone of seismic activity.
RANK AGGREGATION MODEL FOR META SEARCH An Approach using Text and Rank Analysis Measures

One problem domain of meta search is to combine and improve the precision of ranking results from various search systems. This paper describes a rank aggregation model that incorporates text analysis measure with existing rankbased method, e.g. Best Rank and Borda Rank, to aggregate search results from various search systems. This approach provides means to normalize the differences of rank methodology used by different search systems, justifying the potential of using contents analysis to improve the results relevancy in meta search. In this paper, we fully describe our approach on text normalization for meta search and present our rationality of using two rankbased methods in our model. We then evaluate and benchmark the performance of our model based on user judgment on results relevancy. Our experiment results show that when text analysis factor is taken into account, the results outperform the rank-based methods alone. This shows the potential of our model to complement current rank aggregation methods used in meta search.
Enhancing Dispatchability of Lithium-Ion Battery Sources in Integrated Energy-Transportation Systems With Feasible Power Characterization

Sizeable lithium-ion battery (LIB) sources in the transportation and power sectors provide a promising approach to alleviate the increasing volatility in energy systems. To dispatch LIBs durably and safely, operators need to estimate the battery power characteristics, which are commonly derived from external states of the battery obtained by empirical models. However, the internal states that play a decisive role are rarely considered. In this work, the power characterization is based on an interpretable and analytical electrochemical model. In addition to external states, internal states, including Li-ion concentrations, side reaction rates, and the energy conversion efficiency, are considered in the characterization. Since the dispatch time interval is usually longer than the time resolution of the battery model, an optimization-based approach taking the idea of model predictive control is designed for efficient calculation. A linearization scheme is proposed to embed power characteristics into the optimization-based dispatch of an integrated energy-transportation system with low complexity. Case studies on LiNCM and LiFePO$_{4}$ batteries in different temperatures are conducted. The calculation of power characteristics takes about two minutes. By considering power characteristics, the energy conversion efficiency of the dispatched battery can be increased by 5%–15%. At the same time, the degradation stress and heat generation can be reduced to around one-fourth of the naïve case.
Thermal light tear film imaging with Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography ( SD-OCT )

Determining the morphology and thickness of the tear film of the eye with medical imaging is an important step to improve the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome. Therefore methods have to be developed to enable non-invasive and eye-safe monitoring of this thin layer, measuring only some microns, on the cornea. As a promising approach optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been recently proposed. This light-based, contact-less and labelfree technique enables an axial resolution within few microns within an imaging depth range of some millimeters. This combination is optimally suited to image the tear film and the cornea simultaneously. In this work a low cost line field spectral domain OCT system was designed and constructed which enables the acquisition of a full cross sectional image in one single camera shot without the need to scan laterally. This was realized in a free space setup using a Ti-Sa-Laser with a very high bandwidth up to 300 nm. The chosen components, the adjustment of the setup as well as the data processing are discussed. The measured axial resolution of 3.7±1.0 μm is in good accordance with the theoretical value of 2.4 μm. Furthermore the lateral resolution along the line could be estimated to be well below 20 μm. The maximum obtainable sensitivity was approximately 73 dB, mainly limited by high back reflections from planar surfaces of the lenses and optical components in general. Finally, the proper function of the system was demonstrated by successfully resolving the structure of tear film phantoms with thicknesses between 3.26 4.81 μm.
Application of Real-Time Distribution Grid Monitoring for Grid Forecasting and Control Considering Incomplete Information of Resources Behind-the-Meter

This paper presents a rolling horizon optimal energy management mechanism using real-time grid monitoring data. The proposed mechanism includes novel approaches in terms of real-time data processing, net-load forecasting, and optimal scheduling of battery energy storage systems. The proposed real-time data processing and net-load forecasting techniques use fast training and computationally efficient methods based on grid monitoring data. The data processing and parameter forecasting methods are based on auto-regressive with exogenous variables (ARX). Two sets of features including similar values in previous hours, days, and weeks as well as calendar effects are used for training the forecast model. Furthermore, the impact of additional non-synchronized weather features adopted from meteorology databases on the forecasts’ accuracy is discussed. Finally, a real-time optimal scheduling is proposed to optimize battery energy storage systems (BESS), maximizing the self-consumption at grid and community levels. The application of real-time grid measurement in the proposed algorithm allows handling the impacts of loads and generators behind the meter without having their detailed information. The developed method is being effectively used in a real low voltage distribution grid in Switzerland.
Modality in Japanese: The Layered Structure of the Clause and Hierarchies of Functional Categories

Hierarchical clause structure is an important feature of most theories of grammar. While it has been an indispensable part of formal syntactic theories, functional theories have more recently discovered for themselves a ‘layered structure of the clause’. A major focus of the current discussion on semanto-syntactic clause structure is the hierarchical ordering of grammatical categories such as tense, aspect and modality. However, there are very few empirical studies yet to provide systematic evidence for presumably universal hierarchical structures. This book presents a systematic corpus-based study of the semantic and morphosyntactic interaction of modality with tense, aspect, negation, and modal markers embedded in subordinate clauses. The results are critically compared with extant theories of hierarchies of grammatical categories, including those in Functional Grammar, Role and Reference Grammar, and the Cartography of Syntactic Structures. Also provided is an extensive description of the expression of modality and related categories in Modern Japanese.
Application of the transformed-interview method in investigation of sexual crimes in Ukraine

The crime detection of sexual violence needs to be optimized and improved. This study aims to substantiate, elaborate, and apply in practice the method of a transformed interview (based on mathematical modeling) to obtain information about sexual violence. For the first time the transformed-interview method was used while studying the hidden (latent) victims of sexual violence who do not want to report a crime to law enforcement agencies because they do not want the fact of violence against them to be made public. Participated 2570 Ukrainian women of different social status, 16-35 years old. It was found that the increase of intermediaries during the information transmission reduces reliability of the information about crimes against the person’s sexual inviolability. While investigating such types of crimes the needed information can be obtained with a higher degree of reliability not from the victim, but from her closest surroundings. The transformed-interview method proved to be an effective tool to extract the information related to the behavior of both the offender and his victim. This method shows reliability and makes it possible to reduce the latency of most crimes in the situation of the victim’s refusal to testify at the re-trial investigation.
Segmentation Method of Cerebral Aneurysms Based on Entropy Selection Strategy

The segmentation of cerebral aneurysms is a challenging task because of their similar imaging features to blood vessels and the great imbalance between the foreground and background. However, the existing 2D segmentation methods do not make full use of 3D information and ignore the influence of global features. In this study, we propose an automatic solution for the segmentation of cerebral aneurysms. The proposed method relies on the 2D U-Net as the backbone and adds a Transformer block to capture remote information. Additionally, through the new entropy selection strategy, the network pays more attention to the indistinguishable blood vessels and aneurysms, so as to reduce the influence of class imbalance. In order to introduce global features, three continuous patches are taken as inputs, and a segmentation map corresponding to the central patch is generated. In the inference phase, using the proposed recombination strategy, the segmentation map was generated, and we verified the proposed method on the CADA dataset. We achieved a Dice coefficient (DSC) of 0.944, an IOU score of 0.941, recall of 0.946, an F2 score of 0.942, a mAP of 0.896 and a Hausdorff distance of 3.12 mm.
High-field magnetization of Ho 2 Fe 17

The magnetization of a Ho${}_{2}$Fe${}_{17}$ single crystal has been measured along the principal crystallographic directions in pulsed magnetic fields up to 60 T. Stepwise discontinuities in the magnetization occur at 45 and 55 T along the [120] and [100] directions, respectively. The data allowed us to deduce the molecular field at the Ho site. As a cross check, the molecular field was determined as well from a magnetization measurement when the Ho${}_{2}$Fe${}_{17}$ single crystal was let rotate freely. Both values are in good agreement with each other.
West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Overwintering in Italy

In January 2022, West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 (L2) was detected in an adult female goshawk rescued near Perugia in the region of Umbria (Italy). The animal showed neurological symptoms and died 15 days after its recovery in a wildlife rescue center. This was the second case of WNV infection recorded in birds in the Umbria region during the cold season, when mosquitoes, the main WNV vectors, are usually not active. According to the National Surveillance Plan, the Umbria region is included amongst the WNV low-risk areas. The necropsy evidenced generalized pallor of the mucous membranes, mild splenomegaly, and cerebral edema. WNV L2 was detected in the brain, heart, kidney, and spleen homogenate using specific RT-PCR. Subsequently, the extracted viral RNA was sequenced. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis performed through a maximum-likelihood tree showed that the genome sequence clustered with the Italian strains within the European WNV strains among the central-southern European WNV L2 clade. These results, on the one hand, confirmed that the WNV L2 strains circulating in Italy are genetically stable and, on the other hand, evidenced a continuous WNV circulation in Italy throughout the year. In this report case, a bird-to-bird WNV transmission was suggested to support the virus overwintering. The potential transmission through the oral route in a predatory bird may explain the relatively rapid spread of WNV, as well as other flaviviruses characterized by similar transmission patterns. However, rodent-to-bird transmission or mosquito-to-bird transmission cannot be excluded, and further research is needed to better understand WNV transmission routes during the winter season in Italy.
An Adaptive Calibration Algorithm Based on RSSI and LDPLM for Indoor Ranging and Positioning

The positioning algorithm based on received signal strength indication (RSSI) and the logarithmic distance path loss model (LDPLM) is widely used in indoor positioning scenarios due to its convenient detection and low costs. However, the classic LDPLM with fixed coefficients and fixed error estimation usually reduces the ranging accuracy, but it is rarely studied in previous literature. This study proposes an adaptive calibration ranging algorithm based on LDPLM, which consists of two parts: coefficient adaptive algorithm and error correction algorithm. The coefficient adaptive algorithm is derived by utilizing the error theory and the least squares method. The error correction algorithm is defined as the linear regression equation, in which coefficients are determined by the least squares method. In addition, to reduce the influence of RSSI’s fluctuation on ranging accuracy, we propose a simple but effective filtering algorithm based on Gaussian. The experimental results show that compared with the classic LDPLM and polynomial fitting model, the ranging accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved by 58% and 51%, respectively, and the positioning cumulative prediction error of the proposed model is reduced by 69% and 80%, respectively.
Predictors to Job Motivation among Private Sector Employees in Malaysia

Employees motivation has long been of interest to individuals concerned with the quality of their working lives, as it has a direct relationship with productivity and work performance. Without it, organizations experience decreased productivity, lower levels of output, and are more likely to fall short of important organizations goals. This paper seeks to discuss the roles of skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy and feedback on the relationship with job motivation among private service sector employees in Malaysia. Further, this paper later expanded from concept and definitions of all the determinants variables. It demonstrates that all the variables contribute to job motivation since they are able to comprehend their task. This research will contribute to the body of information surrounding the topic that influence the work motivation of employees. In addition, the management of the firm would profit from the findings of this study, as it would assist them in motivating their valuable employees to complete the assigned tasks.
A Comparative Study of the Solubility and Sorption Properties of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and a Bioactive Liner

Background and Aim: This study aimed to compare the sorption and solubility properties of ACTIVA BioACTIVE liner and resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI). Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, a total of 30 samples were fabricated from each liner measuring 15 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness according to ISO 2009:4049. They were then divided into 6 subgroups (n=5) to assess their water solubility, water sorption, and acid solubility after 1 week and 8 weeks. The samples were then weighed, and placed in vials containing artificial saliva or lactic acid and incubated at 37°C for 1 week or 8 weeks according to specimen grouping. Afterwards, each specimen was weighed again. Sorption and solubility were calculated according to difference in weight of the samples. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05). Results: RMGI showed greater water solubility and sorption compared with ACTIVA BioACTIVE liner after 1 week of storage (P=0.00). No significant difference was found in water solubility (P=0.64) and sorption (P=0.15) after 8 weeks of storage. There was no significant difference in acid solubility of RMGI and ACTIVA BioACTIVE liner after 1 week (P=0.30) or 8 weeks of storage (P=0.60) Conclusion: Water sorption and solubility of RMGI were greater than those of ACTIVA BioACTIVE within the first week after setting but they were similar in long-term assessment. RMGI and ACTIVA BioACTIVE were not different in terms of acid resistance.
The HatPack: An Experiential Exercise for Enhancing Class Discussion Through Perspective Taking and Structured Controversy

Effective class discussions are often frustrated by dual challenges: lack of participation and poor quality of contribution. To address both challenges, we describe an experiential exercise for managing classroom discussion that is based on an adaptation of a classic creativity model. It motivates student participation by generating structured controversy while also enhancing the quality of their contribution by promoting perspective taking. Multiple instructors have used the exercise in a variety of undergraduate and graduate business courses, both face-to-face and online, to successfully increase both the quantity and quality of student participation in and contribution to class discussion. The exercise is suitable for any course in which class discussion is critical to learning goals.
The Role of Employee Demographic Characteristics and Selection of Human Resource Management Methods on Organizational Tensions and Turnover Intention

Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of demographic characteristics of employees and the selection of human resource management methods on organizational tensions and turnover intention. Methodology. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of this study includes 380 employees (scientific and administrative) of Payame Noor University of Kermanshah Province, which uses Cochran’s formula, and 191 people were selected as a sample. Data collection tools were questionnaire. Results. The results of testing the hypotheses by SMARTPLS software and using t-test statistics and path coefficients (β) showed that the demographic characteristics of employees on the selection of human resource management methods, organizational tensions, and layoffs have a strong, direct and significant effect, a moderate, direct and indirect and significant effect, and a moderate, direct and indirect and significant effect, respectively. The choice of human resource management methods has moderate, direct, and significant effects on organizational tensions and turnover intention, and a weak, direct and ultimately indirect, and significant effect, respectively. Also, organizational tensions have a moderate, direct, and significant effect on turnover intention. On the other hand, the choice of human resource management methods can play a mediating role in influencing the demographic characteristics of employees on organizational tensions and turnover intention goals. Also, organizational tensions can play a role as a mediating variable in influencing the demographic characteristics of employees and the choice of human resource management methods on the purposes of turnover intention. Conclusion. According to the findings of the study, it should be said that the relevant university to reduce the organization’s stress and intentions to turnover intention must resort to appropriate methods of human resource management. Of course, in this way, university administrators can use the cognitive characteristics of employees to choose the best management method.
Adoção e Uso da Contabilidade Digital: Uma Percepção de Organizações Contábeis

Diante do avanço tecnológico ocorrido ao longo das últimas décadas, a busca por informações confiáveis e tempestivas por parte das empresas elevou-se, influenciada principalmente pelo fato das organizações necessitarem se destacar em um ambiente cada vez mais competitivo. Nesse sentido, a contabilidade digital surge com a promessa de ser um grande diferencial na geração de informações rápidas e fidedignas para os usuários. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a percepção da gestão de escritórios de contabilidade em relação a adoção da contabilidade digital. Para isso, aplicou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos com quatro organizações contábeis, três delas que adotam o modelo de contabilidade digital a mais de um ano e uma que adota o modelo de contabilidade tradicional. As empresas analisadas atuam na região Centro-oeste e Sul do Brasil. As visões combinadas das quatro empresas subsidiaram uma visão do fenômeno estudado de forma a apresentar as percepções quanto a adoção, utilidade, vantagens e desvantagens do modelo digital a partir da perspectiva dos dois modelos, tradicional e digital. Os achados encontrados indicam que as empresas analisadas implementaram a contabilidade digital, mas sem deixar de lado a contabilidade tradicional. Três modelos de atuação foram encontrados nos casos: i. tradicional; ii. tradicional e digital; e iii. digital. Conclui-se, a partir da percepção dos gestores, que ainda não é viável a adoção de um modelo contábil que utiliza totalmente a contabilidade digital e sua implementação depende de gargalos que impedem a integração viável das rotinas do escritório contábil e a empresa cliente.
Nivalenol Mycotoxin Concerns in Foods: An Overview on Occurrence, Impact on Human and Animal Health and Its Detection and Management Strategies

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that infect a wide range of foods worldwide. Nivalenol (NIV), a type B trichothecene produced by numerous Fusarium species, has the ability to infect a variety of foods both in the field and during post-harvest handling and management. NIV is frequently found in cereal and cereal-based goods, and its strong cytotoxicity poses major concerns for both human and animal health. To address these issues, this review briefly overviews the sources, occurrence, chemistry and biosynthesis of NIV. Additionally, a brief overview of several sophisticated detection and management techniques is included, along with the implications of processing and environmental factors on the formation of NIV. This review’s main goal is to offer trustworthy and current information on NIV as a mycotoxin concern in foods, with potential mitigation measures to assure food safety and security.