Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the Relationships Among Parental Overprotection, Military Life Adjustment, Social Anxiety, and Collective Efficacy

The purpose of this study was to verify the relationships among parental overprotection (PO), military life adjustment (MLA), social anxiety, and collective efficacy (CE). There have been studies examining the influence of each of these variables in isolation, but no study has examined these variables simultaneously. Two hundred and thirty-one male conscript soldiers participated in the study. Results indicated that all four variables were correlated with one another. Through hierarchical regression analysis, we determined that social anxiety fully mediated the relationship between PO and MLA. Furthermore, we found that CE moderated the relationship between PO and social anxiety. Finally, we confirmed the moderated mediation effect of CE in our proposed model. We discuss the implications and limitations of this model.
A Mechanism Leading to Changes in Copy Number Variations Affected by Transcriptional Level Might Be Involved in Evolution, Embryonic Development, Senescence, and Oncogenesis Mediated by Retrotransposons

In recent years, more and more evidence has emerged showing that changes in copy number variations (CNVs) correlated with the transcriptional level can be found during evolution, embryonic development, and oncogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The success of the induced pluripotent stem cell suggests that genome changes could bring about transformations in protein expression and cell status; conversely, genome alterations generated during embryonic development and senescence might also be the result of genome changes. With rapid developments in science and technology, evidence of changes in the genome affected by transcriptional level has gradually been revealed, and a rational and concrete explanation is needed. Given the preference of the HIV-1 genome to insert into transposons of genes with high transcriptional levels, we propose a mechanism based on retrotransposons facilitated by specific pre-mRNA splicing style and homologous recombination (HR) to explain changes in CNVs in the genome. This mechanism is similar to that of the group II intron that originated much earlier. Under this proposed mechanism, CNVs on genome are dynamically and spontaneously extended in a manner that is positively correlated with transcriptional level or contract as the cell divides during evolution, embryonic development, senescence, and oncogenesis, propelling alterations in them. Besides, this mechanism explains several critical puzzles in these processes. From evidence collected to date, it can be deduced that the message contained in genome is not just three-dimensional but will become four-dimensional, carrying more genetic information.
Pupillometric Complexity and Symmetricity Follow Inverted-U Curves Against Baseline Diameter Due to Crossed Locus Coeruleus Projections to the Edinger-Westphal Nucleus

In addition to photic reflex function, the temporal behavior of the pupil diameter reflects levels of arousal and attention and thus internal cognitive neural activity. Recent studies have reported that these behaviors are characterized by baseline activity, temporal complexity, and symmetricity (i.e., degree of symmetry) between the right and left pupil diameters. We hypothesized that experimental analysis to reveal relationships among these characteristics and model-based analysis focusing on the newly discovered contralateral projection from the locus coeruleus (LC) to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWN) within the neural system for controlling pupil diameter could contribute to another dimension of understanding of complex pupil dynamics. In this study, we aimed to validate our hypothesis by analyzing the pupillary hippus in the healthy resting state in terms of sample entropy (SampEn), to capture complexity, and transfer entropy (TranEn), to capture symmetricity. We also constructed a neural model embedded with the new findings on neural pathways. The following results were observed: first, according to surrogate data analysis, the complexity and symmetricity of pupil diameter changes reflect a non-linear deterministic process. Second, both the complexity and the symmetricity are unimodal, peaking at intermediate pupil diameters. Third, according to simulation results, the neural network that controls pupil diameter has an inverted U-shaped profile of complexity and symmetricity vs. baseline LC activity; this tendency is enhanced by the contralateral synaptic projections from the LCs to the EWNs. Thus, we characterized the typical relationships between the baseline activity and the complexity and symmetricity of the pupillometric data in terms of SampEn and TranEn. Our evaluation method and findings may facilitate the development of estimation and diagnostic tools for exploring states of the healthy brain and psychiatric disorders based on measurements of pupil diameter.
Potential Molecular Mechanism of TNF Superfamily-Related Genes in Glioblastoma Multiforme Based on Transcriptome and Epigenome

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily-related genes and potential therapeutic drugs for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients based on transcriptome and epigenome. Methods: Gene expression data, corresponding clinical data, and methylation data of GBM samples and normal samples in the TCGA-GBM and GTEx datasets were downloaded. The TNF-related genes were obtained, respectively, from two groups in the TCGA dataset. Then, the TNF-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated between two groups, followed by enrichment analysis. Moreover, TNF superfamily-related gene expression and upstream methylation regulation were investigated to explore candidate genes and the prognostic model. Finally, the protein expression level of candidate genes was performed, followed by drug prediction analysis. Results: A total of 41 DEGs including 4 ligands, 18 receptors, and 19 downstream signaling molecules were revealed between two groups. These DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways like TNF signaling and functions like response to TNF. A total of 5 methylation site-regulated prognosis-related genes including TNF Receptor Superfamily Member (TNFRSF) 12A, TNFRSF11B, and CD40 were explored. The prognosis model constructed by 5 genes showed a well-prediction effect on the current dataset and verification dataset. Finally, drug prediction analysis showed that zoledronic acid (ZA)-TNFRSF11B was the unique drug–gene relation in both two databases. Conclusion: Methylation-driven gene TNFRSF12A might participate in the development of GBM via response to the TNF biological process and TNF signaling pathway and significantly associated with prognosis. ZA that targets TNFRSF11B expression might be a potential effective drug for clinical treatment of GBM.
Application of Machine Learning for Assessment of HS Code Correctness

Manual assessment of the correctness of Harmonized System codes of goods is very error-prone and time demanding task taking into account the dramatically growing amounts of cross-border trade. The paper provides an automated solution to this problem by applying machine learning methods to assess the correctness of Harmonized System codes. We use machine learning for providing predictions and recommendations of Harmonized System codes on the basis of a model learned from the textual descriptions of the products. In order to assess the correctness Harmonized System codes of goods we introduce a novel combined similarity measure based on cosine similarity of texts and semantic similarity of Harmonized System codes calculated according to their taxonomy. We also present and prove the properties of this new similarity measure. We test our method on the real open source data set of Bill of Lading Summary 2017.
SARS-CoV-2 genome and antibodies in breastmilk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective To systematically review and meta-analyse the rate of SARS-CoV-2 genome identification and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breastmilk of mothers with COVID-19. Design A systematic review of studies published between January 2019 and October 2020 without study design or language restrictions. Setting Data sourced from Ovid Embase Classic+Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, relevant bibliographies and the John Hopkins University COVID-19 database. Patients Mothers with confirmed COVID-19 and breastmilk tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Main outcome measures Presence of SARS-CoV-2 genome and antibodies in breastmilk. Results We included 50 articles. Twelve out of 183 women from 48 studies were positive for SARS-CoV-2 genome in their breastmilk (pooled proportion 5% (95% CI 2% to 15%; I2=48%)). Six infants (50%) of these 12 mothers tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with one requiring respiratory support. Sixty-one out of 89 women from 10 studies had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody in their breastmilk (pooled proportion 83% (95% CI 32% to 98%; I2=88%)). The predominant antibody detected was IgA. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 genome presence in breastmilk is uncommon and is associated with mild symptoms in infants. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may be a more common finding. Considering the low proportion of SARS-CoV-2 genome detected in breastmilk and its lower virulence, mothers with COVID-19 should be supported to breastfeed.
Developments in genetic algorithm techniques for structure solution from powder diffraction data

Abstract This paper presents an overview of developments that have taken place in recent years in the genetic algorithm technique for structure solution from powder diffraction data. After a brief resumé, of the essential features of the genetic algorithm technique for structure solution, the paper highlights recent developments in fundamental aspects of the technique, including the development of parallel computing concepts, the analysis of the evolutionary history in genetic algorithm structure solution calculations and the combination of energy information together with the powder diffraction data in structure solution. Several examples are also given to illustrate the application of the genetic algorithm technique to solve crystal structures of different types of organic molecular materials, including oligopeptides and multi-component co-crystals.
A simplified unified theory of arcs and their electrodes

A recently developed unified theory of arcs and their electrodes, with cathodes which are thermionic emitters, has been simplified so that there is a reduction in computation times by approximately a factor of 100. Electrode and arc regions are treated together and points at the surface of the electrodes are treated in a special way to account for electrode effects; no assumptions are made concerning the current density at the cathode surface. The theory is used to make predictions of arc and electrode temperatures and arc voltages for arcs in argon as a function of current in the range 50 - 400 A. The maximum temperatures of the arc and the cathode and also the current - voltage characteristics are in reasonable agreement with experimental results for cathodes with a included angle. For a cathode with a included angle, we predict a maximum in the temperature several millimetres from the tip of the electrode, in approximate agreement with experiment. Temperatures of the cathode tip are predicted to be much higher for tungsten cathodes than for thoriated tungsten cathodes and are in reasonable agreement with experimental results. Tungsten electrodes are hotter than thoriated tungsten electrodes, partly due to increased ion heating, but largely due to greater heat conduction from the arc to the electrode due to the arc plasma covering a greater area of the electrode surface for tungsten.
Multi-Modal Transportation Recommendation with Unified Route Representation Learning

Multi-modal transportation recommendation aims to provide the most appropriate travel route with various transportation modes according to certain criteria. After analyzing large-scale navigation data, we find that route representations exhibit two patterns: spatio-temporal autocorrelations within transportation networks and the semantic coherence of route sequences. However, there are few studies that consider both patterns when developing multi-modal transportation systems. To this end, in this paper, we study multi-modal transportation recommendation with unified route representation learning by exploiting both spatio-temporal dependencies in transportation networks and the semantic coherence of historical routes. Specifically, we propose to unify both dynamic graph representation learning and hierarchical multi-task learning for multi-modal transportation recommendations. Along this line, we first transform the multi-modal transportation network into time-dependent multi-view transportation graphs and propose a spatiotemporal graph neural network module to capture the spatial and temporal autocorrelation. Then, we introduce a coherent-aware attentive route representation learning module to project arbitrary-length routes into fixed-length representation vectors, with explicit modeling of route coherence from historical routes. Moreover, we develop a hierarchical multi-task learning module to differentiate route representations for different transport modes, and this is guided by the final recommendation feedback as well as multiple auxiliary tasks equipped in different network layers. Extensive experimental results on two large-scale real-world datasets demonstrate the performance of the proposed system outperforms eight baselines.
Gut microbiota-derived 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid mediates the anti-colitis effect of Phellinus gilvus in mice

Yougui Li (  liyougui3@126.com ) Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-6034 Yuqing Sun Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shi Zhong Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinxi Huo Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Le Sun Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Fang Zhang Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Jianxun Zhu Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chongming Wu Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Elderly patients of mild cognitive impairment exhibit altered profiles of the gut microbiota

Background As the transitional state between normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by cognitive decline greater than natural aging. While the association between AD and gut microbiota has been reported in a number of studies, there is still very limited microbial research about MCI. Methods Here we enrolled 48 participants, including 22 MCI cases and 26 normal controls. Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA quantitative arrays and bioinformatics analysis. Results Both Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and Non-metric Multidimensional scaling (NMDS) demonstrated that the microbial composition of MCI individuals deviated from the cluster of healthy controls. Multiple bacterial species were significantly increased (e.g., Staphylococcus intermedius) or decreased (e.g., Bacteroides salyersiae) in the samples from MCI group. Conclusion Therefore, the composition of gut microbiota differed between control subjects and MCI cases. Our study is the first to identify a series of MCI signature species in the gut microbiota, thus providing a new direction for future development of early diagnosis and probiotics regimen.
Additive laser excitation of giant nonlinear surface acoustic wave pulses

The laser ultrasonics technique perfectly fits the needs for non-contact, non-invasive, non-destructive mechanical probing of samples of mm to nm sizes. This technique is however limited to the excitation of low-amplitude strains, below the threshold for optical damage of the sample. In the context of strain engineering of materials, alternative optical techniques enabling the excitation of high amplitude strains in a non-destructive optical regime are seeking. We introduce here a non-destructive method for laser-shock wave generation based on additive superposition of multiple laser-excited strain waves. This technique enables strain generation up to mechanical failure of a sample at pump laser fluences below optical ablation or melting thresholds. We demonstrate the ability to generate nonlinear surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in Nb:SrTiO$_3$ substrates, at typically 1 kHz repetition rate, with associated strains in the percent range and pressures close to 100 kbars. This study paves the way for the investigation of a host of high-strength SAW-induced phenomena, including phase transitions in conventional and quantum materials, plasticity and a myriad of material failure modes, chemistry and other effects in bulk samples, thin layers, or two-dimensional materials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of drug induced liver injury secondary to biologic medications in inflammatory bowel disease

Intestine is most commonly affected, although the large intestine may also be involved. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, bleeding, nausea and vomiting [3]. Abdominal complications may include bowel obstruction, perforation, abscesses, istulas, and peri-anal disease [4]. Round about twenty percent of people with CD go through extra-intestinal complications that may include musculoskeletal, ocular, dermatologic, hepato-biliary, renal and hematological conditions [5]. On the other hand we have Ulcerative colitis which is an idiopathic in lammatory condition of the colon which results in diffuse friability and super icial erosions on the colonic wall associated with bleeding [6]. It is the most common form of in lammatory bowel disease worldwide [7]. It typically consists of in lammation limited to the mucosa and sub mucosa of the colon [8]. Typically, the disease starts in the rectum and extends proximally in a continuous manner [9]. The cause of in lammatory bowel disease is indistinguishable, but it seems to occur in genetically disposed people in response to environmental factors [10]. Ulcerative colitis is almost certainly an autoimmune disease initiated by an in lammatory More Information
Surveys and canopy cameras of critically threatened monkeys in Comoé National Park, Côte d'Ivoire: A preliminary report ―West African Primate Conservation Research Group―

Both the white-thighed colobus (Colobus vellerosus) and the white-naped mangabey (Cercocebus lunulatus ) have been rapidly experiencing local extinctions in forests throughout their distribution ranges. Historically both species had been widely distributed in West Africa (Grubb 1998), but they have been extirpated from almost all protected areas where they used to be common (Martin & Asibey 1979; Owusu et al. 2005; Oates 2006; Gatti, 2010; Wiafe 2013; Gonedelé Bi et al. 2014; Osei et al. 2015). Both species have been hunted for their meat that is consumed in local communities. The meat of the two monkey species
Using Education as a Tool for Promoting a Common European Identity: Lessons from Different Educational Paradigms

In a time of increasing debates regarding the future of the European Union and Europe in general, the questions regarding ways to promote common identity gain in popularity. In such a time, the responsibility of the educational systems to provide answers to those pressing issues becomes very important because education can serve as a tool for promoting tolerance and understanding as well as a drive towards commonality and togetherness. In order to do so the educational interventions need to be carefully planned and based on a well developed paradigm. However, such paradigm is still not well defined. Therefore, this paper will start by exploring the Social Identity Theory to provide a baseline understanding on how identity is conceptualized and developed. It will then move towards discussing the educational paradigms aimed at promoting multicultural education in different contexts. By doing so, the paper will try to provide a unique cohesion of different approaches to promoting mutual identity. As a result, the paper will try to uncover certain conclusions from each paradigm that can be of help when trying to design a program that can help in promoting a common European identity through education.
Influence of silk surface modification via plasma treatments on adsorption kinetics of lac dyeing on silk

Silk fiber surfaces were modified using oxygen and argon plasma treatments. Adsorption kinetics of lac dyeing on silk fibers was investigated. The treated silk surfaces were notably roughened and the surface roughness was increased with increasing plasma treatment time. The adsorption of lac dye on the untreated silks and treated silks was found to follow the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The adsorption reached the equilibrium at a dyeing time of about 60 min. As seen from the amount of dye adsorbed at equilibrium, the adsorption capacity for the pretreated silks was much improved when compared with that of the untreated sample. The best improvement of adsorption capacity was found in the argon-treated silk-containing system.
Isotropic relaxation of the hyperfine field and intercluster interactions in ferrihydrite

A theory for the fluctuations of the magnetic moment of the grains in ferrihydrite is developed, and their influence on the Mossbauer spectra is studied in the range of temperatures between 26 K and 65 K. The evolution of the spectra can be interpreted in terms of isotropic relaxation, in spite of the fact that they are not ordinary relaxation spectra. The results make it clear that superferromagnetic relaxation is present.
EVALUATION OF TWO PLANT OIL EXTRACTS ON COTTON LEAF WORM, SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS (BOISD) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

Background: Oil extracts or isolated active compounds have been shown to act as potent acute or chronic insecticides and insect growth regulators. The aim of this study was to study the effect of Jojoba and Sesame oil extracts on cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis. Material and Methods: Fifty newly moulted 4th larvae of Spodoptera littoralis from the stock culture reared in the laboratory and kept individually in Jars and divided into three groups. The larva was fed on discs of castor leaves dipped in water controlled daily. Two groups of insect larvae fed on discs of castor leaves dipped in 2% and 3% jojoba oil and 2% and 3% sesame oil. Result: Jojoba and Sesame oil extracts on cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis caused prolongation in larval & pupal duration and accompanied with a reduction in pupal weight of the treated larvae. Larvae fed on jojoba and sesame oils Concentrations compared with control larvae. Pupal duration was not affected with regard to control ones except for larvae fed on castor leaves treated with 3% concentration of sesame oil as it lasted only 3.9 days while that of control lasted 10.2 days, there was also decrease in pupal weight as it was 185.01mg comparing to 271.2 mg of control. Jojoba and sesame oils extract reduced the food consumption of the larvae at 3% concentration of sesame, being 40.3% compared to that of the control larvae. This concentration affected of food by increasing the excretion of larvae to the amount of food ingested (60.2%). Conclusion: These results confirmed that Jojoba oil and sesame oil extracts are promising to Spodoptera littoralis control.