Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The clinical value of combined use of MR imaging and multi-slice spiral CT in limb salvage surgery for orthopaedic oncology patients: initial experience in nine patients

The clinical value of combined use of MR imaging and multi-slice spiral CT in limb salvage surgery for orthopaedic oncology patients: initial experience in nine patients Background. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the value of the combined use of MR imaging and multi-slice spiral CT for limb salvage surgery in orthopaedic oncology patients. Patients and methods. Nine consecutive patients with lower/upper limb malignant bone tumours (7 osteosarcomas and 2 chondrosarcomas) were treated with limb-salvaging procedures. Preoperative planning including determination of the osteotomy plane and diameters of the prosthesis was performed basing on the preoperative CT and MR images. The histopathology was performed as golden diagnostic criteria to evaluate the accuracy of CT and MR-based determination for tumour's boundary. Results. The tumour extension measured on MRI was consistent with the actual extension (P>0.05, paired Student's t test), while the extension measured on CT imaging was less than the actual extension. The length, offset and alignment of the affected limb were reconstructed accurately after the operation. An excellent functional outcome was achieved in all patients. Conclusions. In the present study, MRI was found to be superior to CT for determining the tumour extension, combined use of MRI and CT measurement provided high precision for the fit of the prosthesis and excellent functional results.
On approximating the distribution of indefinite quadratic expressions in singular normal vectors

General representations of quadratic forms and quadratic expressions in singular normal vectors are given in terms of the difference of two positive definite quadratic forms and an independently distributed linear combination of normal random variables. Up to now, only special cases have been treated in the statistical literature. The densities of the quadratic forms are then approximated with gamma and generalized gamma density functions. A moment-based technique whereby the initial approximations are adjusted by means of polynomials is presented. Closed form and integral formulae are provided for the approximate density functions of the quadratic forms and quadratic expressions. A detailed step-by-step algorithm for implementing the proposed density approximation technique is also provided. Two numerical examples illustrate the methodology.
Relationships between multispectral vegetation indices and crop coefficients of rabi sorghum

Determination of actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc) is fundamental requirement for accurate irrigation scheduling of crops. For determination of ETc, FAO have recommended to use crop coefficient approach in which ETc is calculated by multiplying a crop coefficient (Kc) by reference evapotranspiration (ETo) (Allen et al. 1998). The method of calculation of Kc has been given by Doorenbos and Pruitt (1977). The values of crop coefficient of crops under standard conditions at initial, mid and end season are tabulated. For non standard conditions, FAO have suggested to use corrections and use locally developed Kc values for accurate results. Even, these developed Kc values apply to large areas and are Abstract: Crop coefficients play an important role for estimation of crop water requirements. Tabulated crop coefficients in FAO publications are time based and lack spatial dimension. Hence, the study was conducted to study the multi temporal spectral behavior of remotely sensed Vegetation Indices (VIs) of rabi sorghum and investigate their relationships with the corresponding crop coefficients and selecting best performing relationship in order to estimate spatial water requirement of rabi sorghum. The study area consisted of dominant rabi sorghum growing five districts situated in central Maharashtra. Images of IRS-P6, AWiFS sensor were used to generate multi-temporal vegetation indices RVI, NDVI, TNDVI, SAVI and MSAVI2. The VIs for each week were correlated with corresponding week crop coefficients of rabi sorghum recommended by MPKV Rahuri, which resulted in linear relationships. It was observed that all the vegetation indices follow the same pattern as that of crop coefficients throughout the growing period indicating possibility for building relationship among them. Simple linear regression analysis showed MSAVI2-Kc linear relation as a superior relation for predicting crop coefficients of rabi sorghum. This linear relationship showed highest R2 and D values of 0.805 and 0.943 with lowest values of SE, RMSE and PD of 0.102, 0.096 and 1.76 respectively. Agropedology 2015, 25 (01), 87-94
The role of water-soluble contrast in the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction

Adhesions are the most common cause of small bowel obstruction (SBO) in western countries. Ninety-three per cent of adhesions are caused by a previous abdominal operation. They are particularly common after colorectal resection and ileal-anal pouch reconstruction. In recent years water soluble media have been demonstrated to help in the diagnosis of bowel obstruction and also in predicting the likely success of nonoperative resolution. Some authors have also suggested a therapeutic value for water-soluble contrast. This aim of this thesis is to investigate the role of water-soluble contrast media in the management of adhesive SBO. An attempt to quantify the burden of adhesive SBO in New Zealand was made by retrospectively reviewing the experience at a major teaching hospital. This was followed by a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the therapeutic role of water-soluble contrast (Gastrografin) in adhesive SBO was then conducted. This was followed by assessment of the impact of routine use of Gastrografin on the management of adhesive SBO. The retrospective review showed that the New Zealand experience is similar to that overseas. The systematic review showed that Oral administration of Gastrografin was safe and when followed by abdominal X-ray helps to triage patients to surgical and no-operative management. It also suggested a therapeutic role in this setting. The randomised controlled trail confirmed that Gastrografin has therapeutic value in adhesive SBO. The final study showed that the routine administration of Gastrografin did not shorten hospital stay probably related to significant breaches of protocol. In conclusion, SBO is a common problem. Gastrografin has an important triage role and hastens resolution of SBO. If Gastrografin is to make an overall difference to SBO management in a hospital then breaches in protocol need to be addressed.
More than Skin Deep: Crawling Soft Robots with Functional Skin

Animals moving in natural environments need to adapt locomotion strategies to navigate unpredictable and constantly changing conditions. This is accomplished through alterations in descending motor commands and through compliant mechanical mechanisms such as shock absorption and tissue deformation. Traditional robots are designed to operate in static environments that favor a ”top down” control system with rigid mechanical components and minimal interactions with the surroundings. However, with an increasing need for robots that can operate in human and natural environments it is important to explore strategies for incorporating compliant materials into robot design.
Original Contribution Association of First- and Second-Generation Air Bags with Front Occupant Death in Car Crashes: A Matched Cohort Study

First-generation air bags entail a decreased risk of death for most front seat occupants in car crashes but an increased risk for children. Second-generation air bags were developed to reduce the risks for children, despite the possibility of decreasing protection for others. Using a matched cohort design, the authors estimated risk ratios for death for use of each generation of air bag versus no air bag, adjusted for seat position, restraint use, sex, age, and all vehicle and crash characteristics, among 128,208 automobile occupants involved in fatal crashes on US roadways during 1990–2002. The authors then compared adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) between the two generations of air bags. Among front seat occupants, the aRR for death with a first-generation air bag was 0.90 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86, 0.94); the aRR with a second-generation air bag was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.00) (p 1⁄4 0.83 for comparison of aRRs). Among children under age 6 years, the aRR with a first-generation air bag was 1.66 (95%CI: 1.20, 2.30), while the aRRwith a second-generation air bag was 1.10 (95%CI: 0.63, 1.93) (p1⁄4 0.20 for comparison of aRRs). The differences in aRRs between firstand second-generation air bags among other subgroups were small and not statistically significant.
Brain functional and structural changes in adult ADHD and their relation to long-term stimulant treatment

Introduccion: El Trastorno por Deficit de Atencion con Hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo que afecta a aproximadamente el 5 % de la poblacion de ninos y adolescentes, con alrededor de un 50 % de afectados que presentan persistencia del trastorno en la edad adulta. No obstante, los estudios de neuroimagen estructural y funcional en adultos con TDAH han sido inconsistentes. Objetivos: El objetivo fue investigar los cambios cerebrales a nivel estructural y funcional en el TDAH del adulto. Tambien se examino en que medida los cambios observados podian ser corregidos por la exposicion a tratamiento a largo plazo con metilfenidato. Metodos: Reclutamos una muestra amplia de adultos con diagnostico de TDAH subtipo Combinado y un grupo apareado de voluntarios sanos. Obtuvimos imagenes fMRI de los participantes mientras realizaban una tarea de Memoria de Trabajo correctamente validada (N-back), imagenes anatomicas MRI utilizando voxel-based morphometry (VBM) y fMRI en reposo para examinar la conectividad funcional dentro de la red neuronal de la memoria de trabajo asi como en otras redes neuronales en reposo. Resultados: En comparacion al grupo control sano, los participantes con TDAH mostraron: 1) menor volumen de sustancia gris en el area motora suplementaria derecha, en el cortex cingulado anterior porcion subgenuada y en el cortex prefrontal dorsolateral derecho; 2) una mayor densidad de sustancia gris en los nucleos caudado y putamen izquierdos; 3) una deactivacion deficiente del cortex medial prefrontal durante la tarea de 2-back; y 4) efectos correctivos a largo plazo del tratamiento con metilfenidato a nivel de estructura cerebral pero no a nivel de actividad cerebral. Conclusiones: La neuroanatomia estructural y funcional de la memoria de trabajo se encuentra alterada en adultos con TDAH, observandose anomalias estructurales en regiones clave para la memoria de trabajo y el control cognitivo (area motora suplementaria, cingulo anterior, cortex prefrontal dorsolateral) y una deactivacion disfuncional del cortex prefrontal medial durante la realizacion de una tarea de memoria de trabajo a un nivel alto de demanda cognitiva (conllevando un procesamiento excesivo de informacion interna no relevante en detrimento de la memoria de trabajo en si misma). La exposicion al tratamiento cronico con metilfenidato normaliza los deficits cerebrales estructurales pero no produce cambios en la actividad cerebral en el largo plazo. Las diferencias en el neurodesarrollo estructural y funcional del cerebro en el TDAH parecen normalizarse en gran medida en la edad adulta.
Analysis of the Influence of Physics Thinking Method Education on Improving Students' Comprehensive Quality

It has become an important part of China's education reform and development to comprehensively improve the overall quality of students and promote students' comprehensive and individualized development. With the development of modern science and technology, the functions and functions of physics education have emerged constantly, which has increasingly attracted the attention of educators. As a basic subject, physics has formed an independent and complete method system in the long-term development. It has certain guiding, basic and irreplaceable ways to improve students' scientific and cultural quality and cultivate innovative spirit. This paper first expounds the concept of physics thinking method and the basic concept of students' comprehensive quality, and analyzes the practical significance of physics thinking method education to improve students' comprehensive quality. The implementation of quality education with physics thinking method enables each student to develop in a comprehensive and harmonious way in terms of knowledge, ability and quality. At the same time, the new ideas, new theories and new models of modern education pose new challenges to physics education. The new development of society, economy and science and technology puts new demands on talents. Physics education must face new challenges, adapt to new requirements, advance with the times, develop and innovate, and make unremitting efforts and useful explorations in imparting physics knowledge and cultivating students' comprehensive qualities.
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES WIC MOTHERS’ FEEDING PRACTICES AND PERCEPTIONS OF DIETARY GUIDANCE

Worldwide, the prevalence of obesity among children has increased dramatically. Extensive research has examined the influence parent feeding practices have on infant eating behavior and intake patterns. Although healthy guidelines have been established, not all parents and caregivers follow these recommendations. The objective of this study was to examine feeding practices of low-income mothers and the perceptions these mothers have regarding advice they received about feeding their baby. This crosssectional study included 75 low-income US mothers and their formula-fed infants and toddlers aged 0-2 years participating in Pennsylvania Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Mothers completed a modified version of the Children’s Harvard Service Food Frequency Questionnaire. Maternal weight and height were self-reported. Results revealed that the majority of mothers were white (71%), unemployed (50%), and on average overweight (BMI M=30.3). When asked about feeding advice, 75% and 81% reported receiving enough information from medical professionals and WIC, respectively. Among these mothers, 68% put cereal in the bottle, 49% used beverages to calm their baby, 48% put their baby to bed with a bottle, and only 16% reported that they never encouraged their baby to finish the bottle. The most common reason mothers reported putting cereal in the bottle was to ―help baby to sleep through the night. ‖ Food frequency findings revealed the percentage of children who, in the past week, consumed French fries (75%), fried chicken/chicken tenders (59%), ice cream (63%), and sugar
GRAPHFLOW: EXPLOITING CONVERSATION FLOW

Conversational machine comprehension (MC) has proven significantly more challenging compared to traditional MC since it requires better utilization of conversation history. However, most existing approaches do not effectively capture conversation history and thus have trouble handling questions involving coreference or ellipsis. We propose a novel graph neural network (GNN) based model, namely GRAPHFLOW, which captures conversational flow in the dialog. Specifically, we first propose a new approach to dynamically construct a question-aware context graph from passage text at each turn. We then present a novel flow mechanism to model the temporal dependencies in the sequence of context graphs. The proposed GRAPHFLOW model shows superior performance compared to existing state-ofthe-art methods. For instance, GRAPHFLOW outperforms two recently proposed models on the CoQA benchmark dataset: FLOWQA by 2.3% and SDNet by 0.7% on F1 score, respectively. In addition, visualization experiments show that our proposed model can better mimic the human reasoning process for conversational MC compared to existing models.
3D LANDSCAPE METRICS TO MODELLING FOREST STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY BASED ON LASER SCANNING DATA

This paper investigates the potential of laser scanning data to model forest 3d structure and its spatial pattern. Most of the existing methods for assessing structures in mountain forests are either inventory methods, which cannot be used for spatial assessments over large areas, or methods aimed only at assessing actual wood production. Several new landscape metrics are developed and applied to data sets from the National Park Bavarian Forest, Germany. The LiDAR data based 3d metrics are evaluated using existing geoinformation such as forest maps, high resolution DEMs and ground surveys. Preliminary results give evidence that a 3d landscape metrics methodology can support forest structure discrimination, mapping and monitoring.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PAUSES AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR BIOMETRY

Statistics of pauses appearing in Polish as a potential source for biometry information for automatic speaker recognition were described. The frequency of three main types of pauses (silent, filled and breath pauses) usage in monologues, as well as frequency of punctuation (commas and full stops) in their transcriptions were investigated quantitatively. Correlation between temporal structure of speech and syntax structure of the spoken language were examined statistically to verify usefulness of pauses detection for elaborating algorithms of automatic detection of punctuation for spoken Polish.
Evaluation of performance and acoustic signature of flexible marine propellers under consideration of fluid-structure-interaction by means of partitioned simulation

The present article deals with the evaluation of performance and acoustic signature of cavitating flexible marine propellers in stationary as well as instationary inflow conditions. A partitioned solution approach is utilized here to solve the coupled fluid-structure interaction problem. For the fluid domain, a potential theory based boundary element method is used while the structural domain is covered by a high-order FEM. Information exchange between both subproblems is managed by a C++ based environment for the general solution of multi-field problems. The acoustic evaluation is performed in a post-processing fashion utilizing the Ffowcs-Williams Hawkings equation. Different setups including a propeller, cavitation effects and blade flexibility are investigated with regard to performance and acoustic signature.
BUBBLE-EMULSION HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN GAS-SOLID FLUIDIZED BED USING TWO FLUID MODEL

After implementation and verification of energy equations into an existing two fluid model (TFM) code, the bubbleemulsion heat transfer coefficients were calculated for various cases. The simulation results were compared with other theoretical models. At the end, a new correlation based on TFM results for gas fluidized beds with coarse particles is proposed. This equation can be used as an input for large-scale phenomenological models. NOMENCLATURE A Area (m) Cp Heat capacity (J/kg.K) d, D Diameter (m) e Restitution coefficient G Dimensionless gas temperature g Gravitational acceleration (m/s) H Volumetric heat transfer coefficient (W/m.K) h Heat transfer coefficient (W/m.K) I0 Modified Bessel function of the first kind and zero order KL Kunii and Levenspiel k Heat conductivity (W/m.K) MW Molecular weight (kg/kmol) Nu Dimensionless Nusselt number P Dimensionless solid temperature Pr Dimensionless Prandtl number q Pseudo-Fourier fluctuating kinetic energy flux (kg/s) Re Dimensionless Reynolds number S Surface (m) T Temperature (K) t Dimensionless time TFM Two fluid model u Velocity (m/s) V Volume (m) α Interfacial heat transfer coefficient (W/m.s) β Interphase momentum transfer coefficient (kg/m.s) γ Dissipation of granular energy due to inelastic particle-particle collision (kg/m.s) ε Volume fraction θ Granular temperature (m/s) μ Viscosity (Pa.s) υ Mass flow rate (m/s) ρ Density (kg/m) τ Stress tensor (Pa/m) SUBSCRIPTS and SUPERSCRIPTS BE Bubble-Emulsion b Bubble bc Bubble-Cloud bg Background e Emulsion eff. Effective g Gas gs Gas-Solid init. Initial inj. Injection mf Minimum fluidization condition p Particle r Radial direction s Solid z Axial direction θ Azimuthal direction
Implementing Security for Multidimensional Expression Queries

As the security takes center stage in the recent years, most important projects underway are those associated within security. Organizations collect and process data to operate their day-to-day business successfully. Such data is stored in enterprises data warehouses and presented so that users can make decisions more easily. Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is the prevalent component of these systems where data is organized in the form of multidimensional representation known as a data cube. A specialized query language called multidimensional expression (MDX) is then used with specific syntax and semantics for manipulating OLAP cubes. However, MDX users can overrideeither intentionally or unintentionally the security policy of the system to disclose sensitive information and breach an individual’s privacy. In this paper, we present a framework that removes security threats by re-writing MDX queries to ensure consistent data accessing. Experimental results demonstrate that security can be ensured without affecting the usefulness of OLAP systems. Key-Words: OLAP, data cube, MDX, data privacy, security polices, query rewriting
A Survey on Various Scheduling Techniques in Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing is one of the hot topics in the field of IT. A large number of users request for on-demand computing resources simultaneously. The consumers pay a certain amount of money for using the services and in return expect Quality of Services (QoS) from the Service Providers. In order to achieve efficient QoS, a proper scheduling technique is required. Maintaining the resources is very important as scaling up or down of the resources occurs quite often due to the fluctuation of the resources used by the consumers. Therefore, a proper utilization of the resources becomes a key factor to obtain maximum QoS. This paper mainly provides a comparative study of the different scheduling techniques that are used by the Service Providers for allocating resources in the cloud market. Keywords—Cloud Computing; Scheduling; Internet; Service Providers; consumers.
Differential top pair production at NNLO in the qq̄ channel

We report the results of our NNLO calculation for top pair hadronic production in the quarkantiquark channel, focusing on the recently derived leading-colour part. The calculation was done using an extension of the antenna subtraction method to treat massive final state fermions. We outline the integration of the relevant massive NNLO initial-final antenna functions and show differential distributions for the LHC and Tevatron.
THE INFLUENCE OF DISCIPLINES ON THE KNOWLEDGE OF SCIENCE: A STUDY OF THE NATURE OF SCIENCE

At least four factors affect pupils’ understanding of the nature of science: teachers’ specialization in different science areas (physics, chemistry, and biology), gender issues, teaching experience in elementary school environments, and the perspectives of acquiring necessary knowledge. This study is the introduction part of a research project which will be initiated soon. Four elementary science teachers participated in the study. The results reveal that participants’ views of the aspects of nature of science are not solely diverged, based on their major disciplines, but there exist significant distinctions according to gender differences.