Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Cognitive Style of Field (In)dependence as a Predicator of L2 Learners' Performance in Recognition and Text-based Tests of Metaphor

Not only being a linguistic device to add color to texts, metaphor is an important feature of our thinking and education (Jensen, 2006). In the same line, Kovecses (2002) believes in the important role of metaphor in human thought, understanding, and making our social, cultural, and psychological reality. Yet on a closer look, L2 pedagogy has piqued L2 educators’ interest in understanding of L2 learner differences. One is the attempt to match the kind of instructional activities to L2 learners’ preferred styles. This study is an attempt to investigate the role of cognitive style of field (in) dependence (FI/FD) on L2 learners’ performance in recognition, text-based true-false, and text-based scriptally implicit tests of metaphor. For the purpose of this study, 80 senior undergraduate university students majoring in English Translation were selected from among 110 students through a 50-item Nelson English Language Proficiency Test adopted from Fowler and Norman Coe (1978) with reasonable measures of validity and reliability. Then, the cognitive style of FI/FD and metaphorical performance were assessed, respectively. As for the former, GEFT developed by Witkin, Raskin, Oltman, and Karp (1971) was run. Regarding the latter, refined through conducting factor analysis, the tests of metaphor were run. After running a one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), the data revealed a significant difference between the cognitive style of FI/FD on all kinds of metaphor tests. The study could have some implications for L2 research and pedagogy that will be discussed throughout the paper.
Conservation genetics and phylogeography of endangered boreoarctic seashore plant species

The amount and distribution of genetic diversity are likely to affect the evolutionary potential of a species. When feasible and cost-effective policies for management and monitoring of endangered populations or species are planned, knowledge of the spatial genetic structure and the type of population dynamics is of great concern. In this thesis the genetic diversity and population structures of two endangered arctic plant species was examined on different geographical scales in Northern Europe. The species were Siberian primrose (Primula nutans) and pendant grass (Arctophila fulva), which both grow in a seashore habitat and have similar distribution patterns on the shores of the Arctic Ocean and the Bothnian Bay. The goal of the present study was to provide basic population genetic information for the study species using microsatellite and AFLP markers. Both markers were used for the first time in these species, and species-specific microsatellite markers were developed during the study. A further aim was to interlink the population genetic processes of the species into distribution patterns at the regional and population levels and to compile a synthesis of the impact of hierarchical spatiotemporal processes and autocorrelation in genetic variation at different levels. The studies of this thesis provided new information on the diversity and population structure of the endangered study species and new markers that are useful in future genetic studies of primrose species. The diversity of Siberian primrose was low, and there was no dispersal between the study regions. In pendant grass, a relatively high amount of variation was found considering the evident clonal reproduction and gene flow that was detected between populations connected by waterways. The results suggested that both clonal and sexual reproduction are important in this species. On a local scale, pendant grass populations had characteristics of “stepping stone” and classical metapopulation models. The results indicated that on a long time scale, both species will continue to decline without efficient management efforts. Most critical for the persistence of the species is the conservation of suitable habitats. Translocations could be considered in order to enhance the diversity of existing populations and establish new populations. By examining the present day structure of Siberian primrose, it was possible to make inferences regarding the colonisation history of the species in the North European area. The current distribution of Siberian primrose seemed to result from a vicariant process that took place after the last ice-age, when the species colonised the area. It spread first to the White Sea area, probably from the east, and subsequently colonised the Bothnian Bay and the Barents Sea in the west. The isostatic land uplift after the retreat of the Eurasian ice sheet uncovered large areas of land from the Baltic Sea basin that previously were under water. These geological changes resulted in the current disjunct distribution of Siberian primrose.
Isometries of nilpotent metric groups

We consider Lie groups equipped with arbitrary distances. We only assume that the distance is left-invariant and induces the manifold topology. For brevity, we call such object metric Lie groups. Apart from Riemannian Lie groups, distinguished examples are sub-Riemannian Lie groups and, in particular, Carnot groups equipped with Carnot-Carath\'eodory distances. We study the regularity of isometries, i.e., distance-preserving homeomorphisms. Our first result is the analyticity of such maps between metric Lie groups. The second result is that if two metric Lie groups are connected and nilpotent then every isometry between the groups is the composition of a left translation and an isomorphism. There are counterexamples if one does not assume the groups to be either connected or nilpotent. The first result is based on a solution of the Hilbert 5th problem by Montgomery and Zippin. The second result is proved, via the first result, considering the Riemannian case, which for self-isometries was solved by Wolf.
Improving light outcoupling efficiency for OLEDs with microlens array fabricated on transparent substrate

Low light outcoupling efficiency restricts the wide application of organic light-emitting diodes in solid state light market although the internal quantum efficiency of the device could reach near to 100%. In order to improve the output efficiency, different kinds of microlens array on the substrate emission surface were designed and simulated using light tracing method. Simulation results indicate that the microlens array on the substrate could efficiently improve the light output efficiency and an enhancement of 1.8 could be obtained with optimized microlens structure design. The microlens array with semicircle shape using polymermaterial was fabricated on glass substrate by a facile approach. Finally, the organic device with microlens array substrate was manufactured and the light output of the device with surface microlens structure could increase to 1.64 times comparing with the devicewithout microlens.
‘Les anglicismes polluent la langue française’ . Purist attitudes in France and Quebec

It is often claimed that France is a particularly purist country; the Acad´emie franc¸aise is seen to be representative of a purist outlook and popular works such as ´Etiemble’s attack on English influence Parlez vous franglais? (´Etiemble, 1964) have served to bolster this view. However, this claim has not been empirically verified. In order todetermine whether or not the rhetoric around purism in France matches the reality, we developed a questionnaire to investigate whether or not ordinary speakers of French in France are purist, taking the theoretical framework in George Thomas’s Linguistic Purism as a base (Thomas, 1991). This questionnaire was distributed online to a random sample of participants in France. To contextualise the findings, the questionnaire was also distributed to French speakers in Quebec. The results of the study show that, contrary to expectations, the French respondents display only mild purism and the Qu´eb´ecois respondents are more purist in the face of English borrowings (external purism). However, the French respondents are more concerned with the structure or ‘quality’ of the French language itself (internal purism) than their Qu´eb´ecois counterparts. This study also highlights some problems with Thomas’s framework, which requires some modification for future research.
Séparation de sources dans le cas sous-déterminé : comparaison de deux approches basées sur des décompositions parcimonieuses

Cet article traite de la separation de sources dans le cas sous-determine quand la matrice de melange est connue. On se place dans le cadre des approches basees sur la decomposition parcimonieuse du melange. Dans la nouvelle methode proposee, on decompose le melange par Matching Pursuit en introduisant une nouvelle classe de dictionnaires multi-canal, ou les atomes sont caracterises par une direction spatiale et une forme d'onde. La connaissance de la matrice de melange est directement integree a la decomposition. Par rapport a la separation par Matching Pursuit multi-canal suivie d'un clustering, le nouvel algorithme introduit moins d'artefacts pour un niveau d'interferences residuelles comparable. Nous comparons ces deux methodes a l'algorithme de Bofill-Zibulevski et a DUET. Nous etudions egalement l'apport d'un lissage des decompositions et l'importance de la qualite de l'estimation de la matrice de melange.
IMPACT OF MOTIVATION AND ABILITY ON PERFORMANCE OF WOMAN ENTREPRENEURS IN ONLINE BUSINESS ROLE OF PERCEPTION AND SITUATIONAL FACTOR AS MODERATORS

This study aims to analyze the relationship between motivation and ability on performance that is moderated by the role of perception and situation factors. The women entrepreneurs who do business online make a good discussion in the last few years, which would provide inspiration for women entrepreneurs to improve their business performance. The method used to analyze the data is a linear regression model with moderating variable and model residual tests. The results of this study show that the role of perception is a variable that moderates the relationship between motivation and ability on performance, while it is found that the situational factors do not moderate the relationship between motivation and ability on performance.
Design of Rotman Lens Antenna at Ku-Band Based on Substrate Integrated Technology

In this research work, a multibeam antenna which is a combination of a beamformer network (BFN) and a linear array antenna, has been designed. A Rotman lens has been chosen as beamformer network and Vivaldi antennas have been selected for constructing array antenna. The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) was used for implementing Rotman lens. After explanation the structure of Substrate integrated waveguide, a prototype SIW Rotman lens was designed to create 7 beams at angles of 0°, ±10°, ±20° and ±30°. Each beam is corresponding to one of the input port of Rotman lens. This Rotman lens was designed for aeronautical applications and operates at center frequency of 16 GHz and frequency bandwidth of 1 GHz. It was found that the amplitude and phase distributions at output ports of Rotman lens are appropriate. Then a linear array of 7 Vivaldi antennas was connected to the Rotman lens to realize the multibeam Rotman lens antenna.
European grandparents’ solicitude

The mechanisms linking grandparental gender and involvement with grandchildren are probably more complex than previously understood. Grandmothers are likely to benefit from their central role as kin-keepers in their provision of care, while grandfathers in their older years benefit more from having a partner at their side. A basic argument here is that this indirect advantage for grandfathers dampens the general age-related reduction in their capacity for caring, making them better grandfathers than they otherwise would. Our reasoning rests primarily on normative explanations emphasizing the relevance of social roles and institutionalized expectations. However, rational choice theory represents an alternative theoretical strand that incorporates partly overlapping empirical implications. We provide a simple theoretical framework for exploring mechanisms behind grandmothers’ and grandfathers’ solicitude, and for assessing the credibility of the two main alternative arguments, while keeping an eye on evolutionary theory. We use data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), Release 2.3. 0, waves 1 and 2. The empirical results are to a certain extent in line with predictions from normative explanations as well as rational choice theory. However, in regard to predicted consequences from living/not living with a partner, the main findings are consistent with the former but at odds with the latter. Having a partner in one’s older years increases individual capacity for involvement with grandchildren – most notably in the case of grandfathers. On a more general sociological level, the empirical pattern thus supports the idea that (older) men benefit more from the marriage institution or similar partnership arrangement than women do.
The effect of (Corporate) Venture Capital on firm’s financial constraints

This work studies the different effect of two sources of Private Equity (PE), namely Venture Capital (VC) and Corporate Venture Capital (CVC), on firm’s investment policy in a sample of Italian New Technology Based Firms (NTBFs). We show that, on average, NTBFs are severely affected by financial constraints and their investment rate is strongly correlated with their current cash-flows. We also find that, after receiving external financing by PE NTBFs increase their investment rate. However the impact of VC is more significant and makes firm’s investment policy nearly independent by short-run liquidity.
Static Dissipative Biopolymer Composites Prepared by In Situ Polymerization of Polypyrrole on Poly(lactic acid) Surfaces

Static Dissipative Biopolymer Composites were successfully prepared via a simple in situ chemical polymerization of PPy on PLA surface. Prior to coating, the PLA surface was pre-treated by plasma modification, resulting in the formation of the oxygenated groups, hence increasing surface hydrophilicity of the PLA. The effect of the PPy polymerization time and oxidant concentration, FeCl3, on the Rs, surface and interface properties were investigated. The proposed biopolymer composites exhibited the Rs in the range of 10 6 ohm/sq with a good adhesion between the PPy coating and PLA sheet, offering a potential in ESD
Mitigation of atmospheric phase delays in InSAR data, with application to the eastern California shear zone

We present a method for estimating radar phase delays due to propagation through the troposphere and the ionosphere based on the averaging of redundant interferograms that share a common scene. Estimated atmospheric contributions can then be subtracted from the radar interferograms to improve measurements of surface deformation. Inversions using synthetic data demonstrate that this procedure can considerably reduce scatter in the time series of the line‐of‐sight displacements. We demonstrate the feasibility of this method by comparing the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series derived from ERS‐1/2 and Envisat data to continuous Global Positioning System data from eastern California. We also present results from several sites in the eastern California shear zone where anomalous deformation has been reported by previous studies, including the Blackwater fault, the Hunter Mountain fault, and the Coso geothermal plant.
Pose Estimation and Loop Closing from Video Data

In robotics the simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) algorithms are a well studied approach to estimate the position of a robot vehicle while creating a map of the surrounding. The majority of these algorithms use odometry or GPS sensors to cope with large outdoor trajectories. From a similar point of view the computer vision community uses structure from motion (SfM) algorithms to estimate accurate camera poses of an unconstrained image data set. In the past few years the video resolution of consumer cameras has reached a level where it becomes attractive for research purposes as input to these algorithms. The goal of this thesis is to adapt an SfM approach to use this video data. However there are two main problems: The approach has to handle a large number of input frames efficiently while still detecting similar previously seen locations (loops) of the input data without performing an exhaustive matching of all image pairs. This thesis presents an approach using a vocabulary tree guided matching scheme which solves this problem. Performance is compared to exhaustive matching on different input scenes. However, this is still not sufficient to reconstruct large datasets that contain loop closures in the camera path. Due to the incremental manner of the majority of SfM algorithms, drifts occur during the estimation of camera poses. In this thesis different solutions to this problems are discussed. One specific solution using a global bundle adjustment with additional loop closing constraints is demonstrated on a large outdoor scene containing multiple loops.
Modelling the Dynamical Regimes of Mass Transfer in Cascades of Through-Reactors

The paper deals with the technique for modelling and computer simulating the multiplicity and stability types of stationary regimes in chemical through-reactors and for calculating the mass transfer efficiency with allowing for the phenomena of irreversibility and thermodynamic imperfectness in systems where dynamical wave regimes can arise. The rate characteristics for certain kinetic models, which can be applied to different kinds of systems characterized by formation of transient regimes with moving concentrate fronts and oscillators have been considered.
Comparative diet of three sympatric Sceloporus in the semiarid Zapotitlan Valley, Mexico

LA ECOLOGIA, MORFOLOGIA Y LA FILOGENIA CONTRIBUYEN A LA ORGANIZACION DE LOS ENSAMBLES DE LAGARTIJAS. SIN EMBARGO, SON POCOS LOS ESTUDIOS DETALLADOS SOBRE LA ORGANIZACION DE ESTOS ENSAMBLES Y MAS AUN, CON ESPECIES SIMPATRIDAS. ESTUDIAMOS LA DIETA, REPRODUCCION Y DIMORFISMO SEXUAL DE 3 ESPECIES SIMPATRIDAS DE LAGARTIJAS (SCELOPORUS GADOVIAE, S. HORRIDUS, AND S. JALAPAE) DE UN MATORRAL ARIDO TROPICAL EN PUEBLA, MEXICO. ESTAS ESPECIES SE ALIMENTARON DE ARTROPODOS; PRINCIPALMENTE DE TERMITAS, HORMIGAS Y ESCARABAJOS. LAS LLUVIAS DE PRIMAVERA Y VERANO CAUSARON UN INCREMENTO EN LA BIOMASA DE PRESAS; SIN EMBARGO, LAS LAGARTIJAS CONTINUARON USANDO LOS MISMOS RECURSOS. LAS LAGARTIJAS FUERON ESPECIALISTAS CONSUMIENDO PRESAS EN RELACION A SU ABUNDANCIA. LAS 3 ESPECIES FUERON SIMILARES EN SU DIETA, ESPECIALMENTE LAS ESPECIES PEQUENAS S. GADOVIAE Y S. JALAPAE. LAS TERMITAS SON UN IMPORTANTE RECURSO PARA ESTAS 3 ESPECIES DURANTE EL TODO ANO Y LA PRINCIPAL FUENTE ALIMENTICIA EN LA ESTACION LLUVIOSA, LO CUAL NO ES CONSISTENTE CON LA HIPOTESIS DE QUE MUCHAS LAGARTIJAS COMEN TERMITAS SOLAMENTE EN LA ESTACION SECA.
Ductile extrusion in continental collision zones: ambiguities in the definition of channel flow and its identification in ancient orogens

Abstract Field characteristics of crustal extrusion zones include: high-grade metamorphism flanked by lower-grade rocks; broadly coeval flanking shear zones with opposing senses of shear; early ductile fabrics successively overprinted by semi-brittle and brittle structures; and localization of strain to give a more extensive deformation history within the extrusion zone relative to the flanking regions. Crustal extrusion, involving a combination of pure and simple shear, is a regular consequence of bulk orogenic thickening and contraction during continental collision. Extrusion can occur in response to different tectonic settings, and need not necessarily imply a driving force linked to mid-crustal channel flow. In most situations, field criteria alone are unlikely to be sufficient to determine the driving causes of extrusion. This is illustrated with examples from the Nanga Parbat-Haramosh Massif in the Pakistan Himalaya, and the Wing Pond Shear Zone in Newfoundland.
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Single-probe measurements from DR12 galaxy clustering – towards an accurate model

We analyse the broad-range shape of the monopole and quadrupole correlation functions of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12 (DR12) CMASS and LOWZ galaxy sample to obtain constraints on the Hubble expansion rate H(z), the angular-diameter distance D-A(z), the normalized growth rate f(z) sigma(8)(z) and the physical matter density Omega(m) h(2). We adopt wide and flat priors on all model parameters in order to ensure the results are those of a ` single-probe' galaxy clustering analysis. We also marginalize over three nuisance terms that account for potential observational systematics affecting the measured monopole. However, such Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis is computationally expensive for advanced theoretical models. We develop a new methodology to speed up the analysis. Using the range 40 h(-1) Mpc < s < 180 h(-1) Mpc, we obtain {DA(z) r(s,fid)/ r(s) (Mpc), H(z) r(s)/r(s),(fid) km s(-1) Mpc(-1), f(z)sigma 8(z)Omega(m)h(2)} = {956 +/- 28, 75.0 +/- 4.0, 0.397 +/- 0.073, 0.143 +/- 0.017} at z = 0.32 and {1421 +/- 23, 96.7 +/- 2.7, 0.497 +/- 0.058, 0.137 +/- 0.015} at z = 0.59 where r(s) is the comoving sound horizon at the drag epoch and r(s,fid) = 147.66 Mpc for the fiducial cosmology used in this study. Combining our measurements with Planck data, we obtain Omega(m) = 0.306 +/- 0.009, H-0 = 67.9 +/- 0.7 kms(-1) Mpc(-1) and sigma(8) = 0.815 +/- 0.009 assuming Lambda cold dark matter (CDM);Omega(k) = 0.000 +/- 0.003 and w= -1.02 +/- 0.08 assuming owCDM. Our results show no tension with the flat Lambda CDM cosmological paradigm. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering data set from Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey.
Youth Homelessness: Prevalence and Mental Health Correlates

National data suggest the rate of youth homelessness has been increasing over the last several years. However, estimates of the true prevalence of youth homelessness vary greatly based on counting method and definitions of homelessness. The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate how the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) could be used to understand the prevalence of youth homelessness, characteristics of homeless experiences, and how these experiences relate to mental health problems among youth. Findings demonstrate the number of youth identified as homeless by the YRBS are considerably higher than the number identified by traditional counting methods. Furthermore, youth experiencing homelessness reported disproportionately higher rates of mental health problems than their housed peers. Implications for practice, policy and future research are discussed.