Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sources, stability, encapsulation and application of natural pigments in foods

ABSTRACT In recent years, the replacement of synthetic colorants with natural ones has attracted increasing consumers’ and market interest. Natural colorants include different groups of pigments, many of which possess also pronounced biological potential. This review addresses the main issues related to the use of natural pigments in foods, starting from the sources available in nature, their chemical properties, stabilization processes, and applications in real foods, as discussed in the scientific literature reported in the main databases relevant to this topic (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar). Notably, several natural pigments are available to cover different needs in terms of hues and intensities, and whose use is permitted in foods by the main regulatory agencies. However, their use is still frequently limited by their higher price and lower stability than synthetic counterparts. This review discusses in detail the main sources for natural pigments, focusing on the recent trends towards those more economically favorable, such as microbial sources and agro-industrial residues. It also examines the most suitable stabilization systems to protect the highly reactive and unstable molecules of natural pigments from negative physical and chemical changes, as well as to minimize the interactions with food systems.
Influence of soil warming and N‐addition on sap flux density and stem radius variation in boreal stands in Quebec, Canada

Climate change is projected to intensify the global hydrological cycle and increase temperatures. Excess N deposition could limit plant productivity because of a lack of plant–soil system efficiency with reduced water availability. However, the effects of soil warming and N‐addition on tree water transport and water use remain poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify the effects of soil warming and N‐addition associated with meteorological variables on the sap flux density and stem radius variation in black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.). From 2008 to 2014, we conducted a long‐term experiment on mature trees growing in two stands (Bernatchez [BER] and Simoncouche [SIM]) at different latitudes to evaluate the effect of soil warming (H) and N‐addition. During 2014, we investigated soil and plant water status between May and August, sap flux density from July to August and stem radius variation over the whole year. At the colder, northern site (BER), we detected a significant increase in sap flux density with the H‐treatment, whereas no effect was observed at the warmer, southern site (SIM). At BER, diurnal sap flux density in H × N‐addition treatment showed a significant effect in the afternoon near the peak of day compared with the other treatments. We found no significant effects of independent single or combined factors on soil and plant water status and stem radius variation at either site. Under climate change, black spruce at more northern sites could have a better water use and storage for wood productivity than those at more southern sites.
ARE PERSONALITY DISORDERS EXTREME VARIANTS OF NORMAL PERSONALITY?: QUERIES ABOUT THE VALIDITY OF THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY TO DIAGNOSE PERSONALITY DISORDER

The validity of the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality for diagnosing personality disorder (PD) was examined in two equivalent PD groups, one with dimensional criteria (N = 246) and the other with categorical criteria (N = 165), selected from 1,088 university students. Both equivalent PD groups did not exhibit specific profiles for each PD on FFM scales of the NEO Personality InventoryRevised (NEO-PI-R), and multiple regression analyses showed that FFM scores only partly predicted PD, although it was improved by the prototype-matching method. The comorbidity was not different in dimensional and categorical measures of PD. The results suggest that the FFM of personality is useful for providing information about the personality in each individual, but is not very helpful for diagnosing PDs, because each PD does not necessarily exhibit a specific homogeneous trait constellation on FFM based on the NEO-PI-R. Personality trait description and diagnosis of PD are not the same issues. It is necessary to integrate dimensional and categorical approaches to PDs for a more precise classification and diagnosis.
Effect of Thermal Boundary Condition on Tilting Pad Journal Bearing Behavior

This research presents the effect of the thermal boundary condition on the tilting pad journal bearing characteristics. The thermal boundary condition includes the temperature around the bearing pad, spinning journal, and lubricant supply temperature. Change in bearing performance according to the temperature around each element constituting the bearing was analyzed without paying attention to how the actual thermal boundary conditions around the bearing are configured. High fidelity numerical model of tilting pad journal bearing is presented for (1) the analysis of heat generation in the thin film, (2) heat transfer in the lubricant, (3) heat flux flowing into the journal and pad, (4) temperature change in the journal and bearing, (5) the resultant thermal deformation, (6) change in the lubricant film thickness arising from the thermal deformation of journal and bearing pads, and (7) the resulting change in the heat generation in the thin film. To reach the steady state of the bearing–journal system, the Runge–Kutta scheme with adaptive time step is adopted where the dynamic and thermal system are solved simultaneously in multi-physics model. Performance change of the bearing according to three changes: (a) boundary temperature around shaft, (b) boundary temperature around bearing pads, and (c) lubricant supply temperature were investigated.
Data for Heuristic Optimization of Electric Vehicles' Charging Configuration Based on Loading Parameters

This dataset includes multiple files related to optimization of electric vehicles to minimize overloading in low voltage grids by varying the locations available to charge the EVs. The data include lognormally sampled hourly sorted scenarios across 11 charging locations for a stochastics-based Monte Carlo simulation. This simulation runs through 2 million scenarios based on actual probabilities to incorporate most possible situations. It also includes samples from normally distributed household electricity use scenarios based on agent-based modeling. The article includes the test grid parameters for simulation, which were used to create a benchmark grid in DigSilent Powerfactory software, as well as intermediate outputs defining worst case scenarios when electric vehicles were charged and results from three different optimization approaches involving a reduction in voltage drops, cable overloading and total line losses. The outputs from the benchmark grid were used to train a machine learning algorithm, the weights and codes for which are also attached. This trained network acted as the grid for subsequent iterative optimization procedures. Outputs are presented as a comparison between pre-optimization and post-optimization scenarios. The above dataset and procedure were repeated while varying the number of EVs between 0 and 100 in increments of 20, data for which are also attached. The data article supports a related submission titled “Minimization of Overloading Caused by Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging in Low Voltage Networks”.
Multilayer weighted integrated self‐learning algorithm for automatic diagnosis of epileptic electroencephalogram signals

Epilepsy is a common mental disorder that affects about 70 million people worldwide. Epileptic electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, an important means to judge epileptic seizure, needs neurologists' prior knowledge to mark manually. This marking method is time‐consuming and laborious. Currently, the existing automated diagnosis methods have achieved good results on one benchmark EEG dataset, most of which can achieve accuracy of more than 0.95. However, the method has limitations on the dataset, and the accuracy of the diagnosis results on another new dataset drops sharply to nearly 0.5. Aiming at the existing EEG signal diagnosis lacks stability and generalization ability, this paper proposed a multilayer‐weighted integrated self‐learning algorithm for different classifiers. For this algorithm, weighted voting was first conducted on the the diagnostic results by different classifiers to obtain a result, which was weighted again to produce the final diagnostic results. This algorithm improves the problem that the traditional self‐learning algorithm is greatly affected by data noise, which shows a strong stability in different data sets and in clinical epileptic EEG signal data detection, so as to reduce the workload of neurologists and provide support and assistance for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. The experiment result shows that the algorithm can improve the stability and reliability of EEG automatic diagnosis of epilepsy. The accuracy and AUC area of its classification in two different public data sets and clinical data can reach 0.80 to 0.95.
Near-surface soil moisture dynamics in a prairie hillslope seep/headwater stream system in Texas, USA

ABSTRACT This 20-month study of a prairie hillslope seep system builds upon and extends the soil moisture record from a previous study conducted during the most extreme drought ever recorded in Texas. We seek to improve understanding of how prolonged drought impacts seep-headwater hydrology, and to determine how well dominant vegetation reflects changes in volumetric soil moisture (θv). Results show the entire hillslope saturates after storm events, but due to severe drought, no surface runoff or channel flow was recorded. We documented changes in soil moisture, with the highest θv occurring along the deeper footslope soils. We hypothesize hyperseasonal environments, or seasonal waterlogging/desiccation of upland vegetation in poorly drained soils, exist in the study area and are the first to quantify hyperseasonality, or % change in magnitude of θv throughout a hydrologic year. The seep and riparian plots aligned with lower hyperseasonality, indicating seasonal hypoxia, but not complete desiccation. High hyperseasonality occurred along the midslope barrens, indicative of a true hyperseasonal environment. We suggest a ≥ 90% threshold would likely indicate true hyperseasonal cyclicity of anaerobic and xeric regimes. Our results provide insight to how extreme drought impacts seep-headwater systems, and how predicted hotter, drier conditions may alter their hydrologic regime.
Bulk and surface analysis of Ti1–xFexO2/Fe2O3 composites prepared by solid state reaction for photocatalytic applications

Ti1–xFexO2 / Fe2O3 (x = 0.3, 0.6, and 0.7 wt%) composites were prepared by solid state reaction of the oxides TiO2 (rutile phase) and Fe2O3 at 550 °C. The following techniques were applied for the characterization of the composites: X‐ray powder diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, SEM, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and adsorption of nitrogen. The anatase/rutile/hematite ratio and the abundance of Fe3+ were quantified. The results indicate that Fe3+ substituted Ti4+ in the rutile structure and that the α‐Fe2O3 phase was predominantly on the surface of the crystalline Ti1–xFexO2 powders. A substantial increase of the materials density, with respect to rutile, favoured the application of the composites in photocatalytic experiments. The performance of the solids upon the photodegradation of aqueous solutions of carbofuran was evaluated. The Lewis sites created in the composites correlated directly with the photodegradation rate constant of carbofuran and the decrease of the total organic carbon content in the treated solutions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effectiveness of the Care of Persons With Dementia in Their Environments Intervention When Embedded in a Publicly Funded Home- and Community-Based Service Program

Abstract Background and Objectives In the absence of effective pharmacotherapy, there is an urgent need to test evidence-based dementia care interventions using pragmatic trial approaches. We present results from a study in which an evidence-based, nonpharmacologic intervention for persons living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) and their informal caregivers, Care of Persons with Dementia in their Environments (COPE), was tested in a Medicaid and state revenue-funded home and community-based service (HCBS) program. Research Design and Methods Using pragmatic trial design strategies, persons living with ADRD and their caregivers were randomly assigned as dyads to receive COPE plus usual HCBS (COPE; n = 145 dyads) or usual HCBS only (Usual Care or UC; n = 146 dyads). Outcomes were measured prerandomization, and 4 and 12 months postrandomization. Outcomes for persons living with ADRD included functional independence, activity engagement, self-reported quality of life, and behavioral and psychological symptoms. Caregiver outcomes included perceived well-being, confidence using dementia management strategies, and degree of distress caused by behavioral and psychological symptoms. Results After 4 months, caregivers receiving COPE reported greater perceived well-being (least squares mean = 3.2; 95% CI: 3.1–3.3) than caregivers receiving UC (3.0; 2.9–3.0; p < .001), and persons living with ADRD receiving COPE, compared to those receiving UC, showed a strong trend toward experiencing less frequent and less severe behavioral and psychological symptoms (9.7; 5.2–14.2 vs 12.7; 8.3–17.1; p = .07). After 12 months, persons living with ADRD receiving COPE were more engaged in meaningful activities (2.1; 2.0–2.1 vs 1.9; 1.9–2.0; p = .02) than those receiving UC. Discussion and Implications Embedding COPE in a publicly funded HCBS program yielded positive immediate effects on caregivers’ well-being, marginal positive immediate effects on behavioral and psychological symptoms, and long-term effects on meaningful activity engagement among persons living with ADRD. Findings suggest that COPE can be effectively integrated into this service system, an important step towards widespread adoption. Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT02365051.
Importance of Nano Medicine and New Drug Therapies for Cancer

Cancer is one of the deadly diseases leading to approximately 7.6 million deaths worldwide, with the mortality rate of 13%, and the number of deaths is expected to increase to 13.1 million within the next 10 years. In controlled drug delivery systems (DDS), the drug is transported to the desired location. Thus, the influence of drugs on vital tissues and undesirable side effects can be minimised. Additionally, DDS protects the drug from rapid degradation or clearance and enhances drug concentration in target tissues, and therefore, minimise the required dose of drug. This modern form of therapy is particularly important when there is a discrepancy between the dose and concentration of a drug. Cell-specific targeting can be achieved by attaching drugs to individually designed carriers. Recent developments in nanotechnology have shown that nanoparticles (particles with diameter < 100 nm in at least one dimension) have great potential as drug carriers. Because of their small size, these nanostructures exhibit unique physicochemical and biological properties that make them a favourable material for biomedical applications. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to describe the importance and types of nanomedicines and efficient ways in which new drug delivery systems for the treatment of cancer can be developed.
Why Me?: A Qualitative Study on the Experiences of Young Stroke Survivors in the Accra Metropolis of Ghana, West Africa

Young stroke survivors are affected gravely when diagnosed with stroke between the ages of 18 to 45 years. The psychological and social effects of young stroke require stringent coping factors geared toward recovery and regeneration of self. A qualitative exploratory design was used to explore coping experiences and purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit 10 participants. Data were collected using tape recorded interviews which lasted between 45 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes and guided by a semistructured interview guide which was informed by the research objectives and literature review. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the transcribed data and 6 themes namely: psychological disruption, disruption to social identity, spiritual practices and beliefs, self-determination, support, and herbal medicine were derived. These themes gave insight into how these young stroke victims experienced and coped with physical signs and symptoms which negatively impacted their activities of daily living and resulted in social isolation, fear, anxiety, depression, guilt, and suicidal ideations. Provision of continuity of care for young adults living with stroke is highly recommended.
SINTESIS LAPIS TIPIS SEMIKONDUKTOR ZnO-CdS/FTO DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI FOTODEGRADASI LIMBAH CAIR METHYL ORANGE

Fotokatalisis adalah salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi limbah industri tekstil. Senyawa ZnO sering digunakan sebagai material fotokatalis, namun ZnO mempunyai band gap yang besar sehingga tidak dapat diaplikasikan pada daerah sinar tampak. Pelapisan CdS pada ZnO diharapkan dapat menurunkan band gap sehingga dapat diaplikasikan pada daerah sinar tampak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh material semikonduktor ZnO-CdS/FTO melalui metode elektrodeposisi dan Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD), serta mengaplikasikannya untuk mendegradasi zat warna methyl orange (MO) . Metode sintesis yang digunakan dalam pelapisan semikonduktor ZnO-CdS pada FTO adalah elektrodeposisi arus tetap. FTO berperan sebagai elektroda kerja, Ag/AgCl sebagai elektroda pembanding dan Pt sebagai elektroda lawan. Prekursor sintesis ZnO adalah larutan Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 dan KNO 3 . Sintesis CdS dengan metode Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) dilakukan pada suhu 60oC. Sampel dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan SEM-EDX. Hasil karakterisasi difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa sampel mengandung ZnO dan CdS dengan ukuran rata-rata kristal CdS sebesar 42,27 nm dan ZnO sebesar 38,97 nm. Hasil karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan bahwa kristal ZnO-CdS berbentuk menyerupai bintang dan EDX menunjukkan terdapat Zn, O, Cd dan S. Persen degradasi yang diperoleh melalui metode fotokatalisis dan metode fotoelektrokatalisis dengan sinar tungsten pada waktu 4 jam adalah 27,83 dan 31,76 %.
QUANTITATIVE APPROACH FOR IRRIGATION REQUIREMENT OF OIL PALM: CASE STUDY IN CHUPING, NORTHERN MALAYSIA

The right decision is needed before the irrigation project starts because it is risky, costly and required a site-specific approach. The study aims to estimate oil palm irrigation water demand by using FAO-CROPWAT model. Study was conducted in Chuping Region, Northern Peninsular of Malaysia. Four points were selected to represent North, East, West and South for soil sampling. The samples were sent to a laboratory to measure the water content after pressure applied at 0, 1, 10, 33 and 1500 kPa. Total available water holding capacity was found at 105-227 mm for 100 cm soil depth and the lowest value was selected to be used in FAO-CROPWAT model, developed by Land and Water Development Division of Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO). Prior to that, history of 14 years of monthly meteorological data were collected and serve as climatic data for potential evapotranspiration calculation. Based on the simulation, crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and irrigation requirement (IR) was 1175 and 255.2 mm yr –1 respectively. Total net irrigation was concluded at 132 mm yr –1 with the assumption of 80% irrigation efficiency and 5.0 mm of irrigation input. Through this study, FAO-CROPWAT found to be a suitable approach to estimate crop water requirement (CWR) for oil palm and simulate irrigation scheduling for the entire year. It can help to strategise the management plan prior to any irrigation project design and increase potential for good economic return. water allocation budget.
Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Water-Agar Gel from Room Temperature to –60℃

From a thermal point of view, water-agar gel can reproduce the behavior of human soft tissues with a good approximation. For this reason, agar gel is widely used to mimic the thermal diffusion inside the latter, in order to study the effect on human tissues of new techniques and probes used to solve various health diseases. Cryoablation is part of these techniques and its effectiveness strongly depends on the biological response of the tissues to the freezing action and heat diffusion and therefore on their thermo-physical properties. This study presents the values of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity, measured on water-agar gel samples, using the transient plane source method, forward and backward from room temperature down to − 60℃. The freezing transient and the temperature at which the phase transition begins are highlighted, as well as the temperature dependence of both thermal conductivity and diffusivity.
The Semi-empirical equation to calculate stopping power of the electrons in human blood and skin tissues

In this work the mass stopping power electron(MSPE) in human blood and skin tissues for electrons at energy range from 0.01MeV to 1000MeV are calculated in MeV cm2/g unit by summation the collisional SPE with adding density effect (δ) and radiative SPE contributions. Through using the Bragg’s additively rule for compound targets (Z/A) and from semi-empirical (SPE) equations in terms of kinetic energy E(MeV) for electrons in the ranges of the low energies from 0.01MeV to 0.7MeV and the high energies from 0. 7MeV to 1000MeV then have been fitted by a three-parameter approximation written by MALAB2016 language. From fitting results with experimental SPE data calculated using ESTAR program and the error ration and correlation coefficient are calculated. All the results of these equations were compared with ESTAR program data and written by MALAB2016 language. The purpose of this paper is equipping up to date mass SPE information, with focus on the requirements of electron beam therapy (EBT) where electrons are directed to a tumor position.