Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underutilization of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes in US clinical practice: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Objectives: To estimate the proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes who were eligible for statin treatment per American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommendations and the proportion who were actually prescribed a statin in US clinical practice. Factors associated with receiving a statin prescription were also determined. Methods: Patients ≥25 years diagnosed with type 2 diabetes or had received prescriptions for antihyperglycemic agents between 7/2006 and 6/2008 were identified within a large electronic medical record database. Eligibility for statin therapy was determined according to 2008 ADA recommendations. Statin use was assessed based on prescription records during a 12-month follow-up period. An adjusted logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the likelihood of statin use in relation to selected baseline characteristics. Results: Of the 125,464 patients identified, 98.5% were eligible for statin therapy. Only 62.9% received a statin prescription during follow-up period. In an adjusted logistic regression, factors associated with increased likelihood of statin use were older age, male gender, smoking, history of cardiovascular conditions, and receiving an antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, or anticoagulant prescription at baseline (all p < 0.05). Limitations: Of the patients who did not receive statin during follow-up, 13% of them were previously on a statin during the baseline period. The reasons for discontinuing therapy are not known. It cannot be excluded that some of these patients were intolerant or had contraindications to statin. The data on prescription dispensing and compliance were not recorded. Conclusions: Nearly all patients with type 2 diabetes were eligible for statin therapy, but less than two-thirds received statin therapy in US clinical practice. Efforts to minimize this gap are warranted.
Wireless energy transmission using electrically small antennas

This paper presents a concept for rectifying low ambient radiation sources to supply autonomous measurement systems such as microsystems. In addition to an analytic computation and nonlinear simulation of the rectifier circuit with Advanced Design System (ADS), a circuit was built and the efficiency factor of the RF-Harvesting system was measured. Matching the impedance is done by using an electrically small loop-antenna. A resonance circuit transformation with a high quality factor in front of a Schottky-Diode works as a passive voltage transformer with a gain of 30 at 300 MHz. The measurements are in excellent agreement with calculations and simulations.
The CWIC/36O system, a compiler for writing and implementing compilers

Cwic/360 (<u>C</u>ompiler for <u>W</u>riting and <u>I</u>mplementing <u>C</u>ompilers) is a metacompiler system. It is composed of compilers for three special-purpose languages, each intended to permit the description of certain aspects of translation in a straightforward, natural manner. The Syntax language is used to describe the recognition of source text and the construction from it of an intermediate tree structure. The Generator language is used to describe the transformation of the tree into appropriate object language. The MOL/360 language is used to provide an interface with the machine and its operating system.This paper describes each of these languages, presents examples of their use, and discusses the philosophy underlying their design and implementation.
Pharmacodynamic parameters of gentamicin and their effect on biological properties of gram-negative bacteria.

The in vitro postantibiotic effect (PAE) and the postantibiotic effect of subinhibitory concentrations (PA SME) of gentamicin were investigated on clinical isolates of Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The PAE was induced by 2 x MIC and 4 x MIC of gentamicin for 0.5 h. The PA SME were studied by the addition of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 x MIC during the postantibiotic phase of the bacteria. The S. enteritidis strain did no regrow after affecting of supra-subinhibitory concentrations for 24 h with exception of the concentration 2 x MIC + 0.1 x MIC. The PAEs against P. aeruginosa were nearly identical for all the suprainhibitory concentrations tested (4.4-4.6 h) and no regrowth after PA SME was observed. The studied pharmacodynamic parameters decreased the surface hydrophobicity of Salmonella sp. , mainly of S. enteritidis, evaluated by the ability to bind Congo red and by the aggregation in solutions of ammonium sulphate (SAT). Gentamicin in suprainhibitory concentrations expressively decreased the phospholipase C production--an important virulence factor of P. aeruginosa.
Design and Implementation of an Efficient Programmable Floating Point Unit with Coarse-Grained FPGA

The novel method is to optimize coarse-grained floating point units (FPUs) in a hybrid FPGA by employing common sub graph extraction to determine the number of floating point adders / subtracters (FAs), multipliers (FMs) and word blocks (WBs) in the FPUs. Single precision FP adders / subtracters (FAs) and FP multipliers (FMs), with normalization are generated using standard cell library design flow. This empirical method is used to examine the speed and area of different coarse-grained FPUs. The common sub graph extraction method is for floating point applications and tools, benchmarks and models that are used in hybrid FPGA. To explore the design of a hybrid FPGA based on common sub graph extraction and synthesis, a set of floating point designs are used as benchmark circuits. They are: (1) DSCG, a data path of digital sine-cosine generator (2) BFLY, the basic computation of Fast Fourier Transform (3) FIR 4, a 4-tap finite impulse response filter (4) ODE, a circuit to solve ordinary differential equations (5) MM 3, a 3x3 matrix multiplier (6) BGM, a circuit to compute Monte Carlo simulations of interest rate model derivatives, (7) Syn2, a circuit contains 5 FAs and 4 FMs (8) Syn7, a circuit contains 25 FAs and 25 FMs. syn2 and syn7 are two synthetic benchmark circuits generated by a synthetic benchmark circuit generator. These 8 single precision floating point benchmark circuits are not efficiently implemented in fine-grained FPGAs, since the floating point computation requires a great deal of fine-grained resources. We synthesize different combinations of floating point adders / subtracters, multipliers and registers into coarse grained blocks, which are embedded in a hybrid FPGA. Later the benchmark circuits with these coarsegrained embedded blocks (EBs) are evaluated by the Altera Quartus II Chip planner tool for area and timing analysis. [Arun. A, K. S. Srinivasan, M. Devaraju. Design and Implementation of an Efficient Programmable Floating Point Unit with Coarse-Grained FPGA. Life Sci J 2013;10(3):1959-1966] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 290
Formal verification of type flaw attacks in security protocols

Security protocols are often modelled at a high level of abstraction, potentially overlooking implementation-dependent vulnerabilities. Here we use the Z specification language's rich set of data structures to formally model potentially ambiguous messages that may be exploited in a 'type flaw' attack. We then show how to formally verify whether or not such an attack is actually possible in a particular protocol using Z's schema calculus.
Generalized graph SLAM: Solving local and global ambiguities through multimodal and hyperedge constraints

Research in Graph-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping has experienced a recent trend towards robust methods. These methods take the combinatorial aspect of data association into account by allowing decisions of the graph topology to be made during optimization. The Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping framework presented in this work can represent ambiguous data on both local and global scales, i.e. it can handle multiple mutually exclusive choices in registration results and potentially erroneous loop closures. This is achieved by augmenting previous work on multimodal distributions with an extended graph structure using hyperedges to encode ambiguous loop closures. The novel representation combines both hyperedges and multimodal Mixture of Gaussian constraints to represent all sources of ambiguity in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping. Furthermore, a discrete optimization stage is introduced between the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping frontend and backend to handle these ambiguities in a unified way utilizing the novel representation of Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, providing a general approach to handle all forms of outliers. The novel Generalized Prefilter method optimizes among all local and global choices and generates a traditional unimodal unambiguous pose graph for subsequent continuous optimization in the backend. Systematic experiments on synthetic datasets show that the novel representation of the Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping framework with the Generalized Prefilter method, is significantly more robust and faster than other robust state-of-the-art methods. In addition, two experiments with real data are presented to corroborate the results observed with synthetic data. Different general strategies to construct problems from real data, utilizing the full representational power of the Generalized Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping framework are also illustrated in these experiments.
One‐Step, Painting‐Like Coating Procedures To Make Surfaces Highly and Permanently Bactericidal

Previously we found that covalent attachment of long‐chained, moderately hydrophobic polycations to surfaces of solid objects renders the latter permanently bactericidal. Herein we replaced such surface‐specific, multistep immobilization techniques with a single‐step, general procedure akin to common painting. Glass or polyethylene slides were briefly dipped into organic solutions of certain optimally hydrophobic N‐alkyl‐PEI (where PEI stands for branched 750‐kDa polyethylenimine) polycations, followed by solvent evaporation. The resultant polycation‐coated slides were able to kill on contact all of the encountered bacterial cells, whether the Gram‐positive human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus or its Gram‐negative brethren Escherichia coli. This biocidal effect was found not to be caused by N‐alkyl‐PEI molecules leached from the surface. Further examination of the mechanism of this bactericidal action suggested that the surface‐deposited N‐alkyl‐PEI kills bacteria by rupturing their cellular membranes. This conclusion was further supported by studies in which the molecular weight of PEI and the hydrophobicity of the alkyl moiety were varied.
“I screamed for help”: A single case study of one sister’s experiences with formal psychiatric care when her brother became mentally ill

Studies have shown that the quality of the relationship between siblings has great significance for the mentally ill sibling’s overall quality of life. Sibling relationships may be particularly important because few adults with severe mental illness have children. As parents grow older, adult children are expected to support their sibling with mental illness when their parents are no longer able to do so. The sibling relationship has the potential to be one of the most significant relationships for adults with schizophrenia. The aim of this paper is to present a case study of a sister’s experiences and needs in her contact with psychiatric care. This single case study was designed and the informant was recruited because of her value in maximizing what we can learn about being a sibling to a person with mental illness. Data were collected through four indepth, semistructured, repeated interviews during a two-year period, and were interpreted and analyzed through content analysis. Three major topics were discussed: 1) Anna’s brother’s time with formal psychiatric care; 2) Anna’s feelings and emotions; and 3) Anna’s view of her contact with psychiatric care. The findings indicated a sibling’s need for attention, support, and understanding from the formal caregivers. Participation in our study was one of the first opportunities she had to talk about her relationship with formal psychiatric care. An open dialogue may help siblings to manage their situations.
Controller design of an autonomous underwater vehicle using ELM-based sliding mode control

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are becoming increasingly popular for ocean exploration, military and industrial applications. Motion control of AUV is the key to completing these missions. The classical linear Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers are widely used due to its reliability and simplicity. However, it is difficult to tune the parameters in the classical PID controllers to achieve optimal performances. Thus, this paper proposes a new structure. For depth control of AUV vertical plane, we adopt dual loop control methodology with inner pitch control loop and outer depth control loop. The inner pitch controller is designed using sliding mode control (SMC) with extreme learning machine (ELM) to tune the parameters. Then, a simple proportional controller is designed in the outer loop for depth control. Besides, to verify the validity of the proposed method, simulations based on AUV dynamic model were carried out. The results show that the proposed method for depth control can guarantee the stability and robustness of control system.
Sleep disordered breathing with excessive daytime sleepiness is a risk factor for mortality in older adults.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is associated with increased mortality in older adults, yet sleep disordered breathing (SDB), a common cause of sleepiness, has not been shown to increase mortality in older adults. This study examined the relationship between daytime sleepiness, SDB, self-report sleep parameters, and mortality in older adults. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING Clinical and Translational Research Center, at-home testing. PARTICIPANTS 289 study participants (age >65, no dementia or depression at the time of enrollment) classified as having EDS (n=146) or not (n=143). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Study participants underwent in-lab polysomnography and multiple sleep latency testing at cohort inception. Survival analysis was conducted, with an average follow-up of 13.8 years. Excessive daytime sleepiness was associated with an unadjusted mortality hazard ratio of 1.5 (95% CI 1.1-2.0). The unadjusted mortality hazard ratio for study participants with both EDS and SDB (apnea-hypopnea index ≥20 events/h) was 2.7, 95% CI: 1.8-4.2. These findings persisted with an adjusted mortality hazard ratio of 2.3, 95% CI: 1.5-3.6 in the final model that included other covariates associated with increased mortality (sleep duration >8.5 h, self-reported angina, male gender, African American race, and age). CONCLUSION The presence of SDB is an important risk factor for mortality from excessive daytime sleepiness in older adults. In the presence of SDB at an AHI ≥20 events/h, EDS was associated with an increased all-cause mortality risk in older adults, even when adjusting for other significant risk factors, such as prolonged sleep duration. In older patients who had SDB without EDS, or EDS without SDB, there was no increased all-cause mortality rate.
LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KARİYER KARAR VERME GÜÇLÜKLERİNİN YORDAYICILARI OLARAK ALGILANAN SOSYAL DESTEK ve CİNSİYET

Bu arastirmanin amaci lise ogrencilerinin aile, arkadas ve ogretmenlerden algiladiklari sosyal destek ve cinsiyetlerinin birlikte kariyer karar verme gucluklerini yordayip yordamadigini incelemektir. Arastirma grubu 273 (114 kiz ve 159 erkek) ortaogretim 9, 10 ve 11. sinif ogrencisinden olusmaktadir. Arastirmada verileri toplamak icin Algilanan Sosyal Destek Olcegi (ASDO-R), Kariyer Karar Verme Guclukleri Olcegi (KKVGO) ve Kisisel Bilgi Formu kullanilmistir. Verilerin analizinde Pearson korelasyon katsayisi ve coklu dogrusal regresyon analizi kullanilmistir. Algilanan sosyal destek ve cinsiyet birlikte kariyer karar verme gucluklerine iliskin toplam varyansin %5’ini aciklamistir. Ogretmenden algilanan sosyal destek, toplam kariyer karar verme gucluklerinin, bilgi eksikligi ve tutarsiz bilgi alt olceklerinin en guclu yordayicisi olmustur. Cinsiyet bilgi eksikligi alt olcek puanlarinin anlamli bir yordayicisi olmustur. Sonuclar, ilgili literatur cercevesinde tartisilmis ve ileriki arastirmalar icin onerilerde bulunulmustur.
[The activation of p53 in tumors: a promising strategy against cancer].

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. The activation of p53 in tumors: a promising strategy against cancer Franck Toledo, Olivier Bluteau, Iva Simeonova
Trading Quantization Precision for Sampling Rates in Networked Systems with Limited Communication

In many situations, control applications have to exchange a significant amount of information through limited bandwidth communication channels. This occurs in areas ranging from the underwater robotics to the control of satellites clusters. Bandwidth limitations impose constraints on information exchange. Consequently, there is a strong need for developing methods that maximize the relevancy of the exchanged control information. In general, increasing the sampling frequency improves the disturbance rejection abilities whereas increasing the quantization precision improves the steady state precision. However, when the bandwidth is limited, increasing the sampling frequency necessitates the reduction of the quantization precision. In the opposite, augmenting the quantization precision requires the lowering of the sampling frequency. Motivated by these observations, an approach for the dynamical on-line assignment of sampling frequencies and control inputs quantization is proposed. This approach, which is based on the model predictive control (MPC) technique, enables to choose the sampling frequency and the quantization levels of control signals from a predefined set, in order to optimize the control performance. The effectiveness of this approach is illustrated on a simulation example
Does a 3-month multidisciplinary intervention improve pain, body composition and physical fitness in women with fibromyalgia?

Objective To determine the effects of a 3-month multidisciplinary intervention on pain (primary outcome), body composition and physical fitness (secondary outcomes) in women with fibromyalgia (FM). Methods 75 women with FM were allocated to a low-moderate intensity 3-month (three times/week) multidisciplinary (pool, land-based and psychological sessions) programme (n=33) or to a usual care group (n=32). The outcome variables were pain threshold, body composition (body mass index and estimated body fat percentage) and physical fitness (30 s chair stand, handgrip strength, chair sit and reach, back scratch, blind flamingo, 8 feet up and go and 6 min walk test). Results The authors observed a significant interaction effect (group*time) for the left (L) and right (R) side of the anterior cervical (p<0.001) and the lateral epicondyle R (p=0.001) tender point. Post hoc analysis revealed that pain threshold increased in the intervention group (positive) in the anterior cervical R (p<0.001) and L (p=0.012), and in the lateral epicondyle R (p=0.010), whereas it decreased (negative) in the anterior cervical R (p<0.001) and L (p=0.002) in the usual care group. There was also a significant interaction effect for chair sit and reach. Post hoc analysis revealed improvement in the intervention group (p=0.002). No significant improvement attributed to the training was observed in the rest of physical fitness or body composition variables. Conclusions A 3-month multidisciplinary intervention three times/week had a positive effect on pain threshold in several tender points in women with FM. Though no overall improvements were observed in physical fitness or body composition, the intervention had positive effects on lower-body flexibility.
Real Options Overview 1. What Are Real Options?

Business is beginning to recognize the value of real options analysis as demonstrated by at least three recent articles on this topic in the Harvard Business Review (Dixit and Pindyck, 1995; Luehrman, 1998a,b). Moreover, the non-telephone utility industry and many other industries facing decisions on R&D spending, project/asset evaluation, mergers, acquisitions and other investments have utilized real options valuation for years. The traditional approach to project evaluation and investment decisions uses discounted present value (DPV) or discounted cash flow (DCF) methods. These methods explicitly assume the project will meet the expected cash flow with no intervention by management in the process. All the uncertainty is handled in the (risk-adjusted) discount rate. This process is static. At most, the expected value of the cash flow is incorporated into the analysis. Management's flexibility to make decisions as states of nature are revealed is assumed away by this methodology. However, management discretion has value, which is not incorporated into the DPV. The real options methodology goes beyond this naïve view of valuation and more closely matches the manner in which firms operate. It allows for a firm's flexibility to abandon, contract, expand or otherwise modify its actions after nature has revealed itself. This is the first lesson for policymakers – if they wish to emulate the competitive process, they cannot rely on the application of naïve DCF methods in cost models. Decision-tree analysis (DTA) moves the analysis one step forward by allowing that alternative states of nature are possible. But, as in the case of DCF, the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate is virtually indeterminate. 1 Using the firm's opportunity cost of capital is inappropriate if the project does not correlate with the company's cost of capital — another lesson for the telecommunications industry. Unbundled network elements have different levels of risk. For example, the operator services element's risk/return is much different from that of the local loop element. Calculating the cost/price of these elements using the same discount rate would be incorrect. The second insight of the theory is the recognition that well-developed financial/portfolio theory applies to asset/project evaluation. This allows for the integration of capital budgeting issues with physical (i.e., " real ") assets on the one hand, and the incorporation of decision-tree analysis on the other. A portfolio of securities is created that is (perfectly) correlated with the investment. The portfolio's price and return are known. Rather than considering the expected …