Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of computational fluid dynamics to the analysis of inlet port design in internal combustion engines

The present research describes an investigation of the flow through the inlet port and the cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The principal aim of the work is to interpret the effects of the port shape and valve lift on the engine's "breathing" characteristics, and to develop a better understanding of flow and turbulence behaviour through the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), using a commercial available package STAR-CD. A complex computational mesh model was constructed, which presents the actual inlet port/cylinder assembly, including a curved port, a cylinder, moving valve and piston. Predictions have been carried out for both steady and transient flows. For steady flow, the influence of valve lift and port shape on discharge coefficient and the in-cylinder flow pattern has been examined. Surface static pressures predicted using the CFD code, providing a useful indicator of flow separation within the port/cylinder assembly, are presented and compared with experimental data. Details of velocity fields obtained by laser Doppler anemometry in a companion study at King's College London, using a steady flow bench test with a liquid working fluid for refractive index matching, compared favourably with the predicted data. For transient flow, the flow pattern changes and the turbulence field evolutions due to valve and piston movement are presented, and indicate the possible source of cyclic variability in an internal combustion engine.
Stability properties of self-propelled wakes

This thesis focuses on the stability characteristics of a momentum-less wake. Momentum-less wakes are wakes produced by self-propelled bodies and can be found in any numerous fluid flows, such as the flow behind a submarine, or fish. In this thesis we try to relate the momentum-less wake described to a wake behind a fish through specific choices in non-dimensional terms. We then look at both the temporal and spatial stability characteristics. While the temporal stability characteristics appeared to give results of interest, it appeared that the spatial stability characteristics were not as interesting. This thesis also goes into detail about two popular numerical methods of solving the Orr-Sommerfeld equation, and how to use these methods on the less common unbounded domain type flows
Phylogenetic study of treatment failure clinical isolates of Leishmania major

Background: Molecular characteristics are necessary for designing programs for the control, prevention, and treatment against cutaneous leishmaniasis. In the present study, treatment failure (TF) clinical isolates of Leishmania major were phylogenetically analyzed using the barcode genes of cytochrome oxidase II (COXII) and 13A/B. Methods: Samples were collected from 126 patients referred to the Diagnosis Laboratory Center from October 2017 to December 2019. All TF cases were assessed using COXII and 13A/B, and phylogenetic analysis was created using BLASTn, T-COFFEE, and MEGA 7.0. 21. Results: All 126 isolates were L. major, in which 5 isolates were TF. All isolates had successfully amplified by the specific primer for COXII region. The alignment analysis with all the 5 TF isolates and the standard Friedlin strain showed more than 98% similarity. Phylogenetic analysis with 13A/B showed that all 5 TF isolates are clustered in one group, although phylogenetic analysis showed different clustering after comparison of 5 TF isolates with 16 TR isolates and the same regions in other isolates in GenBank, NCBI. Conclusions: All 21 isolates studied in this study, comprising TF and TR isolates, were clustered in near groups. However, 13A/B could differentiate the 5 TF isolates from selected 6 TR isolates, completely.
2012 Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Army Personnel: Methods and Summary Statistics

Abstract : This report presents results of a comprehensive anthropometric survey of U.S. Army Soldiers (ANSUR II), completed in 2012 by the Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center. Goals of the survey were to acquire a large body of data from comparably measured males and females to serve the Army s current design and engineering needs, as well as those anticipated well into the future. Ninety-four directly measured dimensions, 39 derived dimensions, and three-dimensional (3-D) head, foot, and full-body scans were obtained on each subject in this study. The sample consisted of 7435 men and 3922 women. This includes Active Duty, National Guard, and Army Reserve Soldiers. Results of the directly measured dimensions are given here in the form of summary statistics, percentile data, and frequency distributions. Also included are well-illustrated descriptions of the measurements and of the landmarks used to define them; an explanation of the manual and 3-D procedures used in the study; demographic data characterizing the sample in terms of its racial/ethnic, gender, age, geographic, and occupational distribution; comparative statistics showing changes in the body sizes of Army personnel since the last large-scale survey in 1988; and, a detailed explanation of how observer error was calculated for this study to ensure optimum reliability. The sampling strategy (rationale and execution) is detailed in an appendix. Other appendices include information on the comparability of the measurement techniques used in this survey with those used in other large-scale military surveys, visual indices to help readers locate dimensions with unfamiliar names, and a cross-reference table to help readers accustomed to locating dimensions by number.
Implementing Maximo asset management system for Adelaide’s public transport rail assets

IBM's Maximo Asset Management System is being progressively rolled out for the management of the public transport rail assets in metropolitan Adelaide. This is occurring at the same time as a program of major capital projects is being delivered which are replacing, upgrading and expanding much of the public transport rail network. This paper elaborates on these experiences and how Maximo in conjunction with GIS and eDocs systems is being implemented to better manage assets.
Analysing Temporal Evolution of Complex Data Using Similarity Queries

Regardless of the data domain, there are applications that must track the temporal evolution of data elements. Based on the instances present in the database, the goal is to estimate the state of a given element at a different time instant from those available in the database. This kind of task is common in many database application domains, such as medicine, meteorology, agriculture, financial, and others. In content-based retrieval with complex data (such as images, sounds and videos), data are usually represented in metric spaces, where only the distances between elements are available. Without dimensional coordinates, it is not possible simply to add a time dimension for trajectory estimation in these spaces, as is the case in multidimensional spaces. In this article we propose to map the metric data to a multidimensional space so that we can estimate the element’s status at a given time instant, based on known states of the same element. As it is not possible to create the complex data equivalent to its estimated position in mapped space, we propose to apply similarity queries using this position as query center. Then, we estimate how this element would be, retrieving the real data elements present in the database that are close to the estimate. In this article, in addition to the nearest neighbor query (k-NN), we propose to use two other queries: kAndRange and kAndRev. With both methods, we aim to prune non-relevant elements from the query results, retrieving only the elements that are really close to the estimates. We present experiments with different query scenarios, evaluating the effects of varying input parameters of the proposed queries.
Programmable piece-wise linear function synthesizers using operational transconductance amplifiers

The appropriateness of the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) as the fundamental active element to obtain basic building blocks for the design of programmable piece-wise linear continuous time networks is presented. The main purpose of this work is to show that the OTA can be efficiently used as the fundamental building block in circuits for piece-wise linear function synthesis. A test circuit has been integrated using a 3 mu m p-well CMOS process. The flexibility of the design approach is discussed and experimental results are presented.
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT: SYSTEMS FORMULATION

AN OPERATIONAL PAVEMENT SYSTEMS MODEL (SAMP5), THAT ORGANIZES THE OVER-ALL INFLUENCING FACTORS SUCH AS MATERIALS CHARACTERISTICS, CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES, MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS, AND ECONOMICS WITHIN A SUITABLE FRAMEWORK FOR FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT HAS BEEN FORMULATED. A COMPUTER PROGRAM HAS BEEN PREPARED USING 58 TO 100 INPUT VARIABLES, AND THE AASHO INTERIM GUIDES FOR DESIGN OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS AS THE STRUCTURAL SUBSYSTEM. DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS FOR USER GUIDES, INPUT FORMS AND DATA FEEDBACK, AND STORAGE SYSTEMS ARE NEEDED FOR MORE EASY IMPLEMENTATION. THE PROCEDURES ARE BEING SUBJECTED TO A SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS AND PILOT TESTING. PROJECT EFFORTS WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE BUT COORDINATED ACTIVITIES, NAMELY, SYSTEMS FORMULATION, AND MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION. A CONCEPTUAL PAVEMENT SYSTEMS DIAGRAM WAS PREPARED TO ILLUSTRATE THE INTERRELATION OF MANY INPUTS AND SUBSYSTEMS INVOLVED IN A PAVEMENT DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT PROCESS. THE MAJOR CONCLUSIONS OF THE RESEARCH INCLUDE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR A SYSTEMS ENGINEERING APPROACH TO DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PAVEMENT SYSTEM AND THE FUNCTIONS OF ITS COMPONENT PARTS; IMPROVEMENTS TO SAMPS INCLUDED THE USE OF ELASTIC LAYERED THEORY AND THE LATEST MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION INFORMATION; MODIFICATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE SUBSYSTEMS AND ULTIMATE UPGRADING OF THE MODEL TOWARD A "PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. " IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS, CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS WERE SELECTED WHICH ADEQUATELY MODELED THE RESPONSE OF PAVING MATERIALS TO THE LOADING CONDITIONS TO WHICH THEY ARE LIKELY TO BE SUBJECTED AS COMPONENTS OF A PAVEMENT. IMPORTANT FINDINGS IN REGARD TO ASPHALTIC CONCRETE, GRANULAR OBSERVATIONS: TEMPERATURE IS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT FACTOR OBSERVATIONS: TEMPERATURE IS THE MOT SIGNIFICANT FACTOR IN DETERMINING THE RESPONSE OF ASPHALTIC CONCRETE; THE RESPONSE OF GRANULAR MATERIALS IS TIME-INDEPENDENT AND COMPLETELY RECOVERABLE; AND WATER CONTENT EXERTS A SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE ON THE RESPONSE OF THE SUBGRADE SOIL.
F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat

New World Vistas also “got too focused” on high-performance unmanned fighters. I think UAVs [unmanned aerial vehicles] are moving in the right direction–– that is, initially, we’ll use them for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance and hopefully for longer dwell, greater survivability kinds of things. In the longer term, though, we’ll have to look at whether a “smart” UAV is really the way to deliver weapons.
Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility: Principles, Measurements, Technologies, and Computer Models

Preface to First Edition. Preface to Second Edition. Introduction. Natural and Nuclear Sources of EMI. EMI From Apparatus and Circuits. Probabilistic and Statistical Physical Models. Open--Area Test Sites. Radiated Interference Measurements. Conducted Interference Measurements. Pulsed Interference Immunity. Grounding, Shielding, and Bonding. EMI Filters. Cables, Connectors, and Components. Frequency Assignment and Spectrum Conservation. EMC Computer Modeling and Simulation. Signal Integrity. EMC Standards. Selected Bibliography. Appendix 1: EMC Terminology. Appendix 2: EMI/EMC Units. Appendix 3: Books On Related Topics. Appendix 4: EMI/EMC Standards. Appendix 5: EMC e--Resources. Index. About The Author.
HIGHWAY STUDY BENEFITS FROM HELICOPTER LASER SURVEY

This article describes the use of Light Detecting and Ranging (LiDAR) laser surveying from a helicopter to gather the data necessary to create a digital terrain model of a 42-mile long, 1,500-ft wide highway corridor. The LiDAR technology was used as part of a comprehensive corridor study of a section of U.S. Route 59 in East Texas. The terrain in the study area is flat and rolling and is covered with dense pine forest. The innovative approach used saved $1.5 million and at least 9 months' time.
Future Work Selves and Work-Related Outcomes: The R ole of Perceived Supervisor Support

FUTURE WORK SELVES AND WORK-RELATED OUTCOMES: THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED SUPERVISOR SUPPORT by Shama A. Arakeri The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between future work selves and work-related outcomes such as proactive career behaviors, self-development organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), and work engagement. Future work self salience was used to capture employee work selves that could be easily and clearly recalled into memory. An additional purpose of the current study was to examine whether perceived supervisor support would moderate each of the three relationships. A total of 123 employees participated. Future work self salience was positively related to proactive career behaviors, self-development OCBs, and work engagement. Furthermore, perceived supervisor support was found to moderate the relationship between future work self salience and work engagement such that there was a stronger relationship when employees perceived higher levels of supervisor support. Findings from the current study suggest that employees take the initiative to develop their careers and skills in order to achieve their ideal work selves and, in doing so, they experience higher levels of work engagement. Supervisor support in helping employees attain their future work selves is an important resource for them to engage in these proactive behaviors. Additionally, perceived supervisor support is responsible for increasing the extent to which employees with salient future work selves have higher levels of work
Guided Lamb wave based 2-D spiral phased array for structural health monitoring of thin panel structures

Title of Document: Guided Lamb Wave Based 2-D Spiral Phased Array for Structural Health Monitoring of Thin Panel Structures Byungseok Yoo, Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Directed By: Professor Darryll J. Pines Department of Aerospace Engineering In almost all industries of mechanical, aerospace, and civil engineering fields, structural health monitoring (SHM) technology is essentially required for providing the reliable information of structural integrity of safety-critical structures, which can help reduce the risk of unexpected and sometimes catastrophic failures, and also offer cost-effective inspection and maintenance of the structures. State of the art SHM research on structural damage diagnosis is focused on developing global and realtime technologies to identify the existence, location, extent, and type of damage. In order to detect and monitor the structural damage in plate-like structures, SHM technology based on guided Lamb wave (GLW) interrogation is becoming more attractive due to its potential benefits such as large inspection area coverage in short time, simple inspection mechanism, and sensitivity to small damage. However, the GLW method has a few critical issues such as dispersion nature, mode conversion and separation, and multiple-mode existence. Phased array technique widely used in all aspects of civil, military, science, and medical industry fields may be employed to resolve the drawbacks of the GLW method. The GLW-based phased array approach is able to effectively examine and analyze complicated structural vibration responses in thin plate structures. Because the phased sensor array operates as a spatial filter for the GLW signals, the array signal processing method can enhance a desired signal component at a specific direction while eliminating other signal components from other directions. This dissertation presents the development, the experimental validation, and the damage detection applications of an innovative signal processing algorithm based on two-dimensional (2-D) spiral phased array in conjunction with the GLW interrogation technique. It starts with general backgrounds of SHM and the associated technology including the GLW interrogation method. Then, it is focused on the fundamentals of the GLW-based phased array approach and the development of an innovative signal processing algorithm associated with the 2-D spiral phased sensor array. The SHM approach based on array responses determined by the proposed phased array algorithm implementation is addressed. The experimental validation of the GLWbased 2-D spiral phased array technology and the associated damage detection applications to thin isotropic plate and anisotropic composite plate structures are presented. GUIDED LAMB WAVE BASED 2-D SPIRAL PHASED ARRAY FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING OF THIN PANEL STRUCTURES
Total Joint Arthroplasty Has Better Safety and Outcomes in Renal Transplant Patients Than in Dialysis Patients—A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Objectives End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are at an increased risk of needing total joint arthroplasty (TJA); however, both dialysis and renal transplantation might be potential predictors of adverse TJA outcomes. For dialysis patients, the high risk of blood-borne infection and impaired muscular-skeletal function are threats to the survival of implants, while, for renal transplant patients, immunosuppression therapy is also a concern. There is still no high-level evidence in the published literature that has determined the best timing of TJA for ESRD patients. Methods A literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (up to November 2019) was performed to collect studies that compared TJA outcomes between renal transplant patients and dialysis patients. Literature screening and quality assessments with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) were conducted by two reviewers. After the data were extracted, statistical analyses were performed.Results Compared with the dialysis group, a lower risk of mortality (RR=0.56, Cl= [0.42, 0.73], P<0.01, I2=49%) and revision (RR =0.42, CI = [0.30, 0.59], P < 0.01, I2=43%) was detected in the renal transplant group. Different results of periprosthetic joint infection were shown in subgroups with different sample sizes. There was no significant difference in periprosthetic joint infection in the small-sample-size subgroup, while in the large-sample-size subgroup, renal transplant patients had significantly less risk (RR =0.19, CI = [0.13, 0.23], P < 0.01, I2=0%). For dislocation, venous thromboembolic disease, and overall complications, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion Total joint arthroplasty has better safety and outcomes in renal transplant patients than in dialysis patients. Therefore, delaying total joint arthroplasty in dialysis patients until renal transplantation has been performed would be a desirable option. The controversy among different studies might be partially accounted for that quite a few studies have a qiute small sample size to detect the difference between renal transplant patients and dialysis patients.
Marine Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning

Due to a strong industry need, many academies and technical schools now offer courses on refrigeration and air-conditioning. Marine Refrigeration and Air Conditioning introduces this complicated subject in a detailed, straightforward manner. Mechanical refrigeration is used onboard in many ways, including refrigerated ships stores, air-conditioning, and refrigerated cargo storage areas. Although reciprocating compressors have been the standard for decades, systems using rotary and centrifugal compressors are quickly becoming the norm. Author James A. Harbach addresses both systems and discusses the changes step-by-step. Since the 1990s, environmental concerns have had a major effect on refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. Todays students are required to learn how to retrofit existing systems and replace entire units. These tasks are explained fully in this title.
Characterization of Electrically Active Defects in Advanced Gate Dielectrics

Title of Document: CHARACTERIAZTION OF ELECTRICALLY ACTIVE DEFECTS IN ADVANCED GATE DIELECTRICS Dawei Heh, Ph. D. , 2005 Directed By: Professor Joseph B. Bernstein, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering As the gate oxide thickness of the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) Field Effect Transistor (FET) is continuously scaled down with lateral device dimensions, the gate leakage current during operation increases exponentially. This increase in leakage current raises concerns regarding device reliability. Substitute dielectrics with high dielectric constant (high-k) have been proposed to replace traditional SiO2 to reduce the leakage current in future devices. However, these high-k dielectrics also have reliability issues due to the large amount of intrinsic trapping centers. In this work, electrically active defects generated during electrical stress of ultrathin SiO2 dielectrics are characterized and studied. The mechanism of oxide breakdown is studied by investigating the contributions of hot holes to device time-tobreakdown (tbd). The proper extrapolation of tbd from accelerated testing conditions to normal device operating conditions is also studied. The factors that affect this extrapolation are discussed. Another important device reliability parameter, threshold voltage shift (∆Vth), is also investigated in this work. The dominant mechanisms causing this shift is studied using both simulation and experimental results. The current primary reliability issue with high-k dielectrics is the large amount of intrinsic traps located in the dielectric stack. Therefore, the electrical characterization of high-k dielectrics in this work is focused on these initial asfabricated trapping centers. A methodology based on 2-level charge pumping (CP) measurements at different frequencies is used to study the spatial profile of these trapping centers. The correlation between device fabrication data and measurement results indicates this methodology is accurate and reliable. CHARACTERIZATION OF ELECTRICALLY ACTIVE DEFECTS IN ADVANCED GATE DIELECTRICS
Elogio al disegno parametrico: dalla teoria ai processi operativi - Praising parametric drawing: from theory to operational processes

Il presente contributo intende riflettere sulle radici del disegno parametrico in architettura. Seppure in campo digitale reciti un ruolo fondamentale grazie alla pervasivita che ne fa un carattere diffuso del contesto contemporaneo, una sensibilita a questo tema non e certo nuova; in tal senso e significativo in ambito progettuale il rapporto che con il disegno aveva un'opera lontana dal digitale come quella del proporzionamento degli ordini classici, reinterpretato in chiave moderna attraverso l'uso di applicativi parametrici - This work aims to reflect on the background and the roots of parametric thinking in architecture. Although it plays a key role in the digital domain, this kind of sensitivity is not new at all. It's worth nothing, in that sense, how often work far from the digital experience can be related to those issues. At this regard, it is crucial to understand the relationship between parametricism and drawing as the proportioning of the classical orders, reinterpreted in a modern way through the use of parametric applications