Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on the Method of Automatic Inspection the Large Spinneret

The large spinneret will be deformed after repeated using and the surface of it will become unsmooth, so the CCD can not acquire clear capillary image, then the automatic inspection system makes an error measurement. By increasing the number of auto-focus, we put forward two improved methods of inspecting the large spinneret. According to the methods, automatic inspection system can acquire the clear image of capillary on the unsmooth surface. At the same time, it can measure the capillary accurately and rapidly. During the inspection process, the improved methods solve the problem of high error measurement rate that caused by the unsmooth surface and enhance the measurement accuracy of spinneret automatic inspection system.
Single Amino Acid Replacements at Positions Altered in Naturally Occurring Extended-Spectrum TEM b-Lactamases

By directed mutagenesis, we constructed a set of seven TEM-1 derivatives containing single replacements in each one of the amino acids substituted in naturally occurring extended-spectrum TEM b-lactamases. The exact contribution of each mutation to the resistance phenotype was determined. In addition, mutant enzyme production and stabilities were studied. Five of seven mutations determined to some extent variations in cephalosporin and/or monobactam activity. Dramatic changes in the hydrolysis of ceftazidime and aztreonam occurred when a serine was at position 164. Changes at positions 104, 238, and 240 showed more leaky variation in activity towards cephalosporins and aztreonam. Replacements at positions 237 and 265 caused no variation in susceptibility to cephalosporins. Interestingly, the change from Gln to Lys at position 39 found in TEM-2, classically considered a neutral change, slightly but consistently increased the MIC of ceftazidime and aztreonam. The in vitro construction of mutations appearing in naturally occurring TEM-b-lactamases, studied in the same genetic context, may help to understand the evolution of extended-spectrum b-lactamases.
Necrotic cell death induced by δ‐aminolevulinic acid in mouse astrocytes. Protective role of melatonin and other antioxidants

Abstract: Accumulation of δ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA), as it occurs in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), is the origin of an endogenous source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can exert oxidative damage to cell structures. In the present work we examined the ability of different antioxidants to revert ALA‐promoted damage, by incubating mouse astrocytes with 1.0 mm ALA for different times (1–4 hr) in the presence of melatonin (2.5 mm), superoxide dismutase (25 units/mL), catalase (200 units/mL) or glutathione (0.5 mm). The defined relative index [(malondialdehyde levels/accumulated ALA) × 100], decreases with incubation time, reaching values of 76% for melatonin and showing that the different antioxidants tested can protect astrocytes against ALA‐promoted lipid peroxidation. Concerning porphyrin biosynthesis, no effect was observed with catalase and superoxide dismutase whereas increases of 57 and 87% were obtained with glutathione and melatonin, respectively, indicating that these antioxidants may prevent the oxidation of porphobilinogen deaminase, reactivating so that the AIP genetically reduced enzyme. Here we showed that ALA induces cell death displaying a pattern of necrosis. This pattern was revealed by loss of cell membrane integrity, marked nuclear swelling and double labeling with annexin V and propidium iodide. In addition, no caspase 3‐like activity was detected. These findings provide the first experimental evidence of the involvement of ALA‐promoted ROS in the damage of proteins related to porphyrin biosynthesis and the induction of necrotic cell death in astrocytes. Interestingly, melatonin decreases the number of enlarged nuclei and shows a protective effect on cellular morphology.
Family‐based and case‐control association studies of DRD4 and DAT1 polymorphisms in Chinese attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients suggest long repeats contribute to genetic risk for the disorder

Molecular genetic studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have implicated the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms of two candidate genes, the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) and the dopamine transporter (DAT1). We sought to determine if these genes were relevant to the etiology of ADHD in China by using both family‐based (N = 202 nuclear ADHD families) and case‐control (N = 340 ADHD cases, and 226 controls) association study designs. Diagnoses and subtypes were ascertained according to Clinical Diagnostic Interview Scales (CDIS) using DSM‐IV criteria. The repeat numbers at the DRD4 VNTR ranged from 2 to 6 repeats in the Han Chinese controls, with the most common being the 4‐repeat (77%) and 2‐repeat (19.4%) alleles. Neither the 7‐repeat allele nor longer repeats were found. For the DAT1 VNTR, the repeat numbers ranged from 6 to 7 repeats and 9 to 11 repeats. The 10‐repeat allele was the most frequent (90.7%). The long‐repeat alleles of DRD4 (ranging from 4 to 6 repeats) and DAT1 (ranging from 11 to 12 repeats), were present more frequently in ADHD probands than controls (P < 0.05), although there was no significant allelic association when the alleles were analyzed separately from each other and there findings were not supported by within family tests of association. An exploratory stratification by gender suggests that long‐repeat alleles of DRD4 and DAT1 may increase the risk for ADHD in Han Chinese children. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Explorations in quantum computing

By the year 2020, the basic memory components of a computer will be the size of individual atoms. At such scales, the current theory of computation will become invalid. A new field called "quantum computing" is emerging that is reinventing the foundations of computer science and information theory in a way that is consistent with quantum physics - the most accurate model of reality that is currently known. Remarkably, this new theory predicts that quantum computers can perform certain tasks breathtakingly faster than classical computers, and, better yet, can accomplish mind-boggling feats such as teleporting information, breaking supposedly "unbreakable" codes, generating true random numbers, and communicating with messages that betray the presence of eavesdropping. "Explorations in Quantum Computing" explains these burgeoning developments in simple terms, and describes the key technological hurdles that must be overcome in order to make quantum computers a reality. This book draws upon the very latest research and uses executable software simulations to help explain the material and allow the reader to experiment with the ideas behind quantum computers. This is the ideal text for anyone wishing to learn more about the next, perhaps "ultimate," computer revolution.
Dynamic end-to-end service-level negotiation over multi-domain software defined networks

We introduce a dynamic end-to-end (E2E) servicelevel management framework, which enables quality of experience to end users and efficient and flexible management of network resources for service providers, over a multi-domain SDN. In the proposed fully-distributed E2E service management framework, controllers of different domains negotiate with each other for the service level parameters of a specific service request. The main contribution of this paper is an automated dynamic E2E service-level negotiation procedure, where functions that manage E2E services can collaborate with functions that manage network resources of respective domains. The proposed framework and procedures have been verified over a large-scale multi-domain SDN emulation environment.
Adaptive packet sampling for accurate and scalable flow measurement

Traffic measurement and monitoring are an important component of network management and traffic engineering. With high-speed Internet backbone links, efficient and effective packet sampling techniques for traffic measurement and monitoring are not only desirable, but also increasingly becoming a necessity. Since the utility of sampling depends on the accuracy and economy of measurement, it is important to control sampling error. In this paper, we propose an adaptive packet sampling technique for flow-level traffic measurement with a stratification approach. We employ and advance sampling theory in order to ensure the accurate estimation of large flows. With real network traces, we demonstrate that the proposed sampling technique provides unbiased estimation of flow size with controllable error bound, in terms of both packet and byte counts for elephant flows, while avoiding excessive oversampling.
Road lane reconstruction using vision — based macro block spatial predictions

Vision — based road lane detection and reconstruction is a very common interest in the field of computer vision (CV). It has numerous application ranging from autonomous vehicle to driver assist and support systems technology. These researches are always focusing on both accuracy and complexity of the system's output; however, none of these uses Macro Block (MB) method. This paper introduces the characteristics of MB method used for spatial road lane detection and reconstruction subjected to different environment conditions; different MB size; and different function approximations.
Brood Provisioning and Colony Composition of a Malagasy Species of Halterapis: Implications for Social Evolution in the Allodapine Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopinae)

Abstract Although the biology of most genera of allodapine bees is relatively well known, there are only fragmentary data on one African species of a basal genus, Halterapis, and there have been no studies of this genus from Madagascar where it is most speciose. We present the first account of nesting and social biology of a Malagasy species in this genus, Halterapis minutaBrooks & Pauly, based on a sample of 23 nests This species has a unique form of brood provisioning, where a clutch of eggs is mass provisioned with a single, long cylindrical pollen mass, and larvae gradually eat their way along this food store. Most colonies contained more than one adult female, with generational overlap and very strong size-related ovarian differentiation among nestmates, indicating that the species is eusocial. Sex allocation was extremely female biased, and this is probably linked to reproductive skew within colonies. Our findings indicate that the lack of true sociality in the African species Halterapis nigrinervis (Cameron) is apomorphic and not linked to mass provisioning per se, although it may be linked to mass provisioning of individual eggs. The form of sociality in H. minuta emphasizes earlier findings that sociality is frequently very complex in allodapine bees and further indicates that extant members of the tribe Allodapini do not represent early steps in the origin of eusociality.
A retrospective search for bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) antigens in histological specimens by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) has been only sporadically identified as a causative agent of respiratory disease in Brazil. This contrasts with frequent reports of clinical and histopathological findings suggestive of BRSV-associated disease. In order to examine a possible involvement of BRSV in cases of calf pneumonia, a retrospective search was performed for BRSV antigens in histological specimens submitted to veterinary diagnostic services from the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Gerais. Ten out of 41 cases examined (24.4%) were positive for BRSV antigens by immunohistochemistry (IPX). Eight of these cases (19.5%) were also positive by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), and 31 cases (75.6%) were negative in both assays. In the lungs, BRSV antigens were predominantly observed in epithelial cells of bronchioles and less frequently found in alveoli. In one case, antigens were detected only in the epithelium of the alveolar septae. The presence of antigen-positive cells was largely restricted to epithelial cells of these airways. In two cases, positive staining was also observed in cells and cellular debris in the exudate within the pulmonary airways. The clinical cases positive for BRSV antigens were observed mainly in young animals (2 to 12 month-old) from dairy herds. The main microscopic changes included bronchointerstitial pneumonia characterized by thickening of alveolar septae adjacent to airways by mononuclear cell infiltrates, and the presence of alveolar syncytial giant cells. In summary, the results demonstrate the suitability of the immunodetection of viral antigens in routinely fixed tissue specimens as a diagnostic tool for BRSV infection. Moreover, the findings provide further evidence of the importance of BRSV as a respiratory pathogen of young cattle in southeastern and southern Brazil.
Numerical Analysis on Polarization-Induced Doping III-Nitride n-i-p Solar Cells

We design and numerically evaluate a new type of III-nitride n-i-p solar cells whose p- and n-type regions with equal carrier concentration of 3 × 1018 cm-3 are not generated by extrinsic impurity doping but by the so-called polarization-induced doping, which is induced by the graded InxGa1-xN layers of linearly increasing (from x= 0% to 30%) and decreasing (from x= 30% to 0%) indium composition to construct the conductive p- and n-type regions, respectively. Because of the identical and uniform polarization charges within each unit cell, a smooth spatial variation of the potential profile of the device is, hence, expected, which mitigates the energy band discontinuities at heterointerfaces and facilitates transportation and collection of photogenerated carriers with high efficiency. Most importantly, as the conductive n- and p-type regions are formed by electrostatic field ionization but not by the thermal activation, the concentration of field-induced carriers is independent of thermal freeze-out effects. Thus, the polarization-induced doping III-nitride n-i-p solar cells can provide stable power conversion efficiency, even when operated at low temperatures.
Analysis of different threshold selection methods for eye image segmentation used in eye tracking applications

The purpose of this paper is to compare two established threshold selection methods used for eye image segmentation: quantitative fixed threshold and Kittler minimum error threshold with a new one based on characteristic selection adaptive threshold. This method relies on identifying the characteristic that describes the pixels that belong to the eye pupil. The results are obtained by using as reference the real pupil contour that was manually obtained by analyzing a number of 52 infrared images captured from a set of healthy individuals in laboratory condition.
The Management of Perianal Crohn's Disease

Perianal complications of Crohn’s disease include anal fissures, skin tags, abscesses and fistulas, and structuring of the anal canal. While some perianal complications may improve with medical therapy alone, often patients need surgical treatment or combined surgical and medical therapy. Management of perianal Crohn’s disease involves treating the underlying inflammatory process as well as addressing specific complications.
Genetic determinants of circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein (BP)-1, and IGFBP-3 levels in a multiethnic population.

CONTEXT Both circulating levels and genetic variation of IGFs have been associated with cancer risk, yet the relationship between the two is not well understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether common genetic variation in IGF1, IGF binding protein 1 (IGFBP1), and IGFBP3 influences circulating levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3, we conducted a cross-sectional study of African-American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese-American, Latino, and white men and women in the Multiethnic Cohort. DESIGN Plasma levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGBFP-3 were measured by ELISA in a random sample of 837 Multiethnic Cohort participants. Previously identified tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for IGF1 (29 tag SNPs) and IGFBP1/IGFBP3 (23 tag SNPs) were genotyped among the 837 participants. Analysis of covariance was conducted to test for differences in mean IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels across respective IGF1, IGFBP1, and IGFBP3 genotypes, adjusting for previously identified dietary and lifestyle correlates. RESULTS Five highly correlated IGFBP3 SNPs (rs3110697, rs2854747, rs2854746, rs2854744, and rs2132570) demonstrated strongly significant associations with IGFBP-3 levels when conservatively adjusted for multiple hypothesis testing (Bonferroni adjusted P trends = 7.75 x 10(-8) to 1.44 x 10(-5)). Patterns of associations were consistent across the five racial/ethnic groups. CONCLUSION In summary, our study suggests that common genetic variation in IGFBP3 influences circulating levels of IGFBP-3 among African-Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese-Americans, Latinos, and whites.
An Energy-aware and Coverage-preserving Hierarchical Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Coverage-preserving and lifetime-prolonging are essential issues for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Providing full sensing coverage in a security-sensitive area is necessary for practical applications such as security surveillances or military investigations. In order to prolong the duration of full sensing coverage, we propose an Energy-aware and Coverage-presenting Hierarchical Routing (ECHR) protocol for randomly deployed WSNs. The ECHR protocol accommodates energy-balancing and coverage-preserving while selecting one cluster head for each round. The power consumption of radio transmission and residual energy over the network are taken into account when determining an optimal route for a packet. The simulation results show that ECHR prolongs the duration with full sensing coverage, which provides up to 85% extra lifetime comparing with other protocols.
User Body Effect on Phased Array in User Equipment for the 5G mmWave Communication System

The millimeter-wave phased array in the user equipment (UE) for 5G communication is studied in this letter. In particular, the body effect on the phased array in the UE at 15 GHz is investigated with the 3-D measurement data, and its impact on some key parameters for phased array in the UE, such as the total scan pattern, the coverage efficiency, and the probability of detection, are analyzed.
Age-dependent climate-growth relationships and regeneration of Picea abies in a drought-prone mixed coniferous forest in the Alps.

Within dry inner Alpine environments climate warming is expected to affect the development of forest ecosystems by changing species composition and inducing shifts in forest distribution. By applying dendroecological techniques we evaluated climate sensitivity of radial growth and establishment of Picea abies in a drought-prone mixed-coniferous forest in the Austrian Alps. Time series of annual increments were developed from > 220 trees and assigned to four age classes. While radial growth of old P. abies trees (mean age 121 and 174 yr) responded highly significant to May-June precipitation, young trees (mean age 28 and 53 yr) were insensitive to precipitation in the current year. Because tree age was closely correlated to height and diameter (r2 = 0.709 and 0.784, respectively), we relate our findings to the increase in tree size rather than age per se. Synchronicity found among trend in basal area increment and tree establishment suggests that canopy openings increased light and water availability, which favoured growth and establishment of moderately shade-tolerant P. abies. We conclude that although P. abies is able to regenerate at this drought prone site, increasing inter-tree competition for water in dense stands gradually lowers competitive strength and restricts scattered occurrence to dry-mesic sites.
3C-1 Review of Wave Propagation in BAW Thin Film Devices - Progress and Prospects

During the last few years the bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filters have emerged as a viable alternative to surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. They offer superior performance regarding filtering characteristics, power handling, ESD robustness and size. The first enabling ingredient has been the rapid development in deposition techniques for the thin film piezoelectric layer. Today multiple equipment manufacturers are offering systems for depositing high quality layers with excellent piezoelectric properties. Along with the development in manufacturing issues there has also been important development in understanding the basic device physics of BAW resonators. Like any reactance elements for constructing filters there are three major concerns when designing BAW resonators: sufficient effective coupling coefficient, high Q-values and operation free of spurious modes. These properties enable the fabrication of filters with sufficient band width, low insertion loss, steep transition bands and ripple free characteristics. In this paper developments leading to state-of-the-art BAW resonators are reviewed.
Dye-doped fluorescent silk nanofiber for HCl vapor chemosensing and vitamin delivery

We report fluorescent silk nanofibers (FSNs) by electrospinning and their applications. FSNs exhibited various useful functions depending on doped organic dyes. The FSN doped with sodium fluorescein could be applied as a highly sensitive and physically transient chemosensor for hydrochloric acid vapor detection. Disposable drug delivery systems using riboflavin-doped FSNs were also successfully demonstrated.
CSLC: The infrastructure compiler for SoC design

The paper presents a new high level design tool and methodology that are used to accelerate the design process. The high level design tool named CSLC starts with a description of interfaces, hierarchies and connections generating a design and verification infrastructure composed of interconnect, hierarchy, test benches, a high level simulation model, verification vectors and documentation. Design specification is based on Chip Specification Language (CSL) and brings significant reduction in setup and maintenance of complex designs. The fundamental idea that CSL is based on is that there is a single source for all derived design, verification, and high level simulation objects.
of Nuclear Sciences and Applications , 45 ( 2 ) 1-13 ( 2012 )-1-Chemical Studies on Liquid-liquid Extraction of Titanium ( IV ) and Iron ( III ) from Titania Waste Solution using Di-( 2-ethyl-hexyl ) Phosphoric Acid Solvent

This study includes the results of the investigations carried out on solvent extraction of Ti (IV) and Fe (III) ions from sulfuric acid solutions using Di-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)/kerosene . The extraction conditions were evaluated by varying the experimental parameters. Quantitative extraction of Ti (IV) was attained at pH value 0.4 using 20%D2EHPA /kerosene in three stages at an O/A phase ratio of 1/1. Stripping of Ti (IV) was accomplished by 5% sodium carbonate in three stages at O/A phase ratio of 1/1. On the other hand extraction of Fe (III) from the working liquor was preformed using 10% D2EHPA/kerosene at pH 2.5. According to McCabe -Thiele diagram Fe (III) species was extracted in three stages at an O/A phase ratio of 1/1. Mineral acids (H2SO4 or HCl) were used to strip Fe (III) ions from the loaded solvent. The potential of the used solvent for extracting Ti (IV) and Fe (III) species from waste sulfate liquors of the titanium minerals processing was assessed.