Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining reported adverse events induced by potential opioid-drug interactions

Abstract Objective Opioid-based analgesia is routinely used in clinical practice for the management of pain and alleviation of suffering at the end of life. It is well-known that opioid-based medications can be highly addictive, promoting not only abuse but also life-threatening overdoses. The scope of opioid-related adverse events (AEs) beyond these well-known effects remains poorly described. This exploratory analysis investigates potential AEs from drug-drug interactions between opioid and nonopioid medications (ODIs). Materials and Methods In this study, we conduct an initial exploration of the association between ODIs and severe AEs using millions of AE reports available in FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). The odds ratio (OR)-based analysis and visualization are proposed for single drugs and pairwise ODIs to identify associations between AEs and ODIs of interest. Moreover, the multilabel (multi-AE) learning models are employed to evaluate the feasibility of AE prediction of polypharmacy. Results The top 12 most prescribed opioids in the FAERS are identified. The OR-based analysis identifies a diverse set of AEs associated with individual opioids. Moreover, the results indicate many ODIs can increase the risk of severe AEs dramatically. The area under the curve values of multilabel learning models of ODIs for oxycodone varied between 0.81 and 0.88 for 5 severe AEs. Conclusions The proposed data analysis and visualization are useful for mining FAERS data to identify novel polypharmacy associated AEs, as shown for ODIs. This approach was successful in recapitulating known drug interactions and also identified new opioid-specific AEs that could impact prescribing practices.
Deletions in the S 1 domain of Rrp 5 p cause processing at a novel site in ITS 1 of yeast pre-rRNA that depends on Rex 4 p

Rrp5p is the only protein so far known to be required for the processing of yeast pre-rRNA at both the early sites A0, A1 and A2 leading to 18S rRNA and at site A3, the ®rst step speci®c for the pathway leading to 5.8S/25S rRNA. Previous in vivo mutational analysis of Rrp5p demonstrated that the ®rst 8 of its 12 S1 RNA-binding motifs are involved in the formation of the `short' form of 5.8S rRNA (5.8SS), which is the predominant species under normal conditions. We have constructed two strains in which the genomic RRP5 gene has been replaced by an rrp5 deletion mutant lacking either S1 motifs 3±5 (rrp5-D3) or 5±8 (rrp5-D4). The ®rst mutant synthesizes almost exclusively 5.8SL rRNA, whereas the second one still produces a considerable amount of the 5.8SS species. Nevertheless, both mutations were found to block cleavage at site A3 completely. Instead, a novel processing event occurs at a site in a conserved stem±loop structure located between sites A2 and A3, which we have named A4. A synthetic lethality screen using the rrp5-D3 and rrp-D4 mutations identi®ed the REX4 gene, which encodes a non-essential protein belonging to a class of related yeast proteins that includes several known 3¢®5¢ exonucleases. Inactivation of the REX4 gene in rrp5-D3 or rrp-D4 cells abolished cleavage at A4, restored cleavage at A3 and returned the 5.8SS:5.8SL ratio to the wildtype value. The sl phenotype of the rrp5D/rex4± double mutants appears to be due to a severe disturbance in ribosomal subunit assembly, rather than pre-rRNA processing. The data provide direct evidence for a crucial role of the multiple S1 motifs of Rrp5p in ensuring the correct assembly and action of the processing complex responsible for cleavage at site A3. Furthermore, they clearly implicate Rex4p in both pre-rRNA processing and ribosome assembly, even though this protein is not essential for yeast.
Determinants of Pro-environmental Behaviours – A Cross Country Study of Would-be Managers

Purpose: This cross-cultural based paper aims to provide an understanding of the determinants contributing to adopting pro-environmental behaviour by ‘would-be managers’ represented by MBA students studying in two highly carbon emitting yet contrasting countries – India and Australia. The paper particularly examines the effects of personal values, moral obligation, attitudes, and subjective norms on pro-environmental behavior of such would-be managers. Design/methodology/approach: In predicting the pro-environmental behavior of would-be managers, a conceptual model was developed by combining Schwartz’s (1992) value theory and Homer and Kahle’s cognitive hierarchy model of value-attitudebehaviour (VAB). Data was collected from 476 respondents consisting of 342 MBA students from India and 134 MBA students from Australia. Partial least square based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used in analysing the data. Findings: The findings reveal that the inclination of pro-environmental behaviour of would-be managers can be predicted by their personal value, moral obligation, attitudes and subjective norms, thereby providing both theoretical and empirical supports to our model in understanding the determinants of pro-environmental behaviour. Practical implications: The findings are critical in developing strategies for building capacity and willingness of would-be managers to adopt proenvironmental behaviour. In so doing, business schools may use these findings in designing effective CSR/sustainable development contents in their curriculum which will not only help educators to nurture classroom discussion but also sensitize students’ critical thinking in addressing issues of climate change as well as improving environmental well-being. Originality/value: Conceptually, this paper proposes a comprehensive framework to understand the determinants of pro-environmental behavior. Empirically, it applies a novel and appropriate method for predicting such behavior in two contrasting yet highly carbon emitting countries – an important issue that receives little attention in current CSR/sustainable development literature.
Molecular globules in Orion's Veil bubble. IRAM 30m 12CO, 13CO, and C18O 2-1 expanded maps of Orion A

Strong winds and ultraviolet (UV) radiation from O-type stars disrupt and ionize their molecular core birthplaces sweeping up material into parsec size shells. Owing to dissociation by starlight, the thinnest shells are expected to host low molecular abundances; thus, little star-formation. Here we enlarge previous observations taken with the IRAM 30m telescope and present square-degree 12CO and 13CO (J=2-1) maps of the wind-driven "Veil bubble" that surrounds the Trapezium cluster and its natal Orion molecular core (OMC). Although widespread and extended CO emission is largely absent from the Veil, we show that several CO "globules" exist embedded in the [CII]158um-bright shell that confines the bubble. This includes the first detection of quiescent CO at negative LSR velocities in Orion. Given the harsh UV irradiation conditions in this translucent material, the detection of CO globules is surprising. These globules are small: R_cl=7,100 AU, not massive: M_cl=0.3 M_sun, and moderately dense: n_H=4x10^4 cm^-3 (median values). They are confined by the shell's external pressure, P_ext/k ~ 10^7 cm^-3 K, and are likely magnetically supported. They are either transient objects formed by instabilities or have detached from pre-existing molecular structures, sculpted by the passing shock associated with the expanding shell and by UV radiation from the Trapezium. Some represent the first stages in the formation of small pillars, others of isolated small globules. Although their masses do not suggest they will form stars, one globule matches the position of a known young stellar object. The lack of extended CO in the "Veil shell" demonstrates that feedback from massive stars expels, agitates, and reprocesses most of the disrupted molecular cloud gas; thus, limiting the star-formation rate in the region. The presence of globules is a result of this feedback.
Modeling the Co-Emergence of Linguistic Constructions and Action Concepts: The Case of Action Verbs

In this paper, we are concerned with understanding how linguistic and conceptual structures co-emerge, shaping and influencing each other. Most theories and models of language acquisition so far have adopted a “mapping” paradigm according to which novel words or constructions are “mapped” onto existing, priorly acquired or innate concepts. Departing from this mapping approach, we present a computational model of the co-emergence of linguistic and conceptual structures. We focus in particular on the case of action verbs and develop a model by which a system can learn the grounded meaning of a verbal construction without assuming the prior existence of a corresponding sensomotorically grounded action concept. Our model spells out how a learner can distill the essence of the meaning of a verbal construction as a process of incremental generalization of the meaning of action verbs, starting from a meaning that is specific to a certain situation in which the verb has been encountered. We understand the meaning of verbs as evoking a grounded simulation rather than a static concept and propose to capture the meaning of verbs via generative statistical models that support simulation, in our case hidden Markov models. Statistical models can represent the essence of a verb’s meaning while modeling uncertainty and thus variation at the surface level of (observed) action performances. We show that by extending an existing framework for construction learning, our approach can account for the co-emergence of linguistic and conceptual structures. We provide proof-of-concept for our model by experimentally evaluating it on matching, choice, and generation tasks, showing that our model can not only understand but also produce language.
ART I DON’T LIKE: AN ANTI-RECOMMENDER SYSTEM FOR VISUAL ART

Recommender systems show users' products, songs, and political points of view that are similar to content that they have already seen or previously indicated that they like. While these methods are useful for generating sales and clicks, they are not necessarily successful at exposing users to disparate content. Art I Don’t Like is a Web-based interactive art experience that provides personalized content to users and emphasizes the introduction of disparate content. We suggest a new “anti-recommender” system that provides content that is aesthetically related in terms of low-level features but challenges the implied conceptual frameworks indicated by initial user selections. Furthermore, we demonstrate an application of recommender technologies to visual art in an effort to expose users to a broad range of art genres. We present details of a prototype implementation trained on a subset of the WikiArt dataset, consisting of 52,000 images of art from 14th-to 20th-century European painters, along with feedback from users. Art I Don’t Like is on the web at http://www.artidontlike. com.
Self-healing solutions for Wi-Fi networks to provide seamless handover

The dynamic nature of the wireless channel poses a challenge to services requiring seamless and uniform network quality of service (QoS). Self-healing, a promising approach under the self-organizing networks (SON) paradigm, and has been shown to deal with unexpected network faults in cellular networks. In this paper, we use simple machine learning (ML) algorithms inspired by SON developments in cellular networks. Evaluation results show that the proposed approach identifies the faulty APs. Our proposed approach improves throughput by 63.6% and reduces packet loss rate by 16.6% compared with standard 802.11.
Identity shift effects of personalization of self-presentation on extraversion

ABSTRACT Research has noted an individual’s deliberate mediated self-presentation can transform subsequent self-perceptions, a process known as identity shift. Guided by the masspersonal communication model as a framework, the present study extends extant identity shift research by considering how the personalization of that self-presentation influences self-transformative processes. An experimental study (N = 103) utilized a 2 (self-presentation: introverted or extraverted) × 3 (message personalization: nonpersonalized, ambiguous, or personalized) design to study the effects of self-presentation on subsequent self-perceptions. Results of between-groups analysis revealed a significant main effect of self-presented trait. Moreover, constructing a more personalized self-presentation resulted in greater subsequent perceptions of the individual’s extraversion; but not so much that it overrode the effect of the self-presented trait. Individuals presenting as extraverts became more extraverted as their self-presentations were more personalized; and individuals presenting as introverts became less introverted as a result of their self-presentation as it was more personalized. Findings are discussed with respect to identity shift, the masspersonal communication model, and online self-presentation.
Historical Origins of Contemporary Statistical Testing Practices: How in the World Did Significance Testing Assume Its Current Place in Contemporary Analytic Practice?.

The purposes of the present paper are to address the historical development of statistical significance testing and to briefly examine contemporary practices regarding such testing in the light of these historical origins. Precursors leading to the advent of statistical significance testing are examined as are more recent controversies surrounding the issue. As the etiology of current practice is explored, it will become more apparent whether current practices evolved from deliberative judgment or merely developed fron. happenstance that has become reified in routine. Examination of the history of analysis suggests that the development of statistical significance testing has indeed involved a degree of deliberative judgment. It may be that the time for significance testing came and went, but there is no doubt that significance testing served as an important catalyst for the growLh of science in the 20th century. (Contains 39 references.) (Author/SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
The multivariate Variance Gamma model: basket option pricing and calibration

In this paper, we propose a methodology for pricing basket options in the multivariate Variance Gamma model introduced in Luciano and Schoutens [Quant. Finance 6(5), 385–402]. The stock prices composing the basket are modelled by time-changed geometric Brownian motions with a common Gamma subordinator. Using the additivity property of comonotonic stop-loss premiums together with Gauss-Laguerre polynomials, we express the basket option price as a linear combination of Black & Scholes prices. Furthermore, our new basket option pricing formula enables us to calibrate the multivariate VG model in a fast way. As an illustration, we show that even in the constrained situation where the pairwise correlations between the Brownian motions are assumed to be equal, the multivariate VG model can closely match the observed Dow Jones index options.
Private Health Investments Under Competing Risks: Evidence from Malaria Control in Senegal

This study exploits the introduction of high subsidies for anti-malaria products in Senegal in 2009 to investigate whether malaria prevents parents from investing in child health. A simple model of health investments under competing mortality risks predicts that private expenses to fight malaria and other diseases should increase in response to anti-malaria public interventions. We test and validate this prediction using original panel data from a household expenditure survey combined with geographical information on malaria prevalence. We find that health expenditures in malarious regions catch up with non-malarious regions. The same result holds for parental health-seeking behavior against other diseases like diarrhea. These patterns cannot be explained by differential trends between regions. Our results suggest that behavioral responses to anti-malaria campaigns magnify their impact on all-cause mortality for children.
Hydrogels Loaded with Methylene Blue: Sorption-Desorption and Antimicrobial Photoactivation Study

Cross-linked dextran-graft-polyacrylamide hydrogels with different cross-linking density loaded with methylene blue was prepared as light-activated antimicrobial materials. Sorption/desorption properties of hydrogels were studied by estimating the change in the absorption maximum of MB solutions. The sorption/desorption rate of MB into/out of hydrogel depends on the hydrogel structure. The antibacterial properties of the light-irradiated materials were tested against Staphylococcus aureus. It was shown that irradiation of hydrogels in the presence of methylene blue was able to eliminate the bacteria strains.
Student Experiences and Outcomes of Early College: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Early College High Schools and Early College Entrance Programs offer college material to students who are ready for it before they reach the traditional age to begin college enrollment. With the goal of addressing concerns related to the success of these programs and their impact on affective development among students, a systematic review and thematic analysis was conducted. The analysis revealed five major themes: early college entrants tend to be successful academically, both during program enrollment and after program completion, are more likely than the general population to pursue graduate degrees and do so with high academic honors, reflect on their academic and affective experiences positively, and go on to have successful and happy lives. Some issues may arise in regard to the transition to college material and the social experience of being younger than traditional college students.
SUMMARY: CARBON STOCKS AND QUALITY OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUGARCANE FIELDS

A cana-de-açúcar é a principal cultura utilizada na produção de etanol biocombustível no Brasil e sua colheita pode ser feita com ou sem queima das folhas, aumentando ou diminuindo a emissão de gases do efeito estufa e a deposição de C no solo. Por meio deste trabalho, avaliou-se o efeito de sistemas de colheita de cana-de-açúcar (com e sem queima da palha, com um, três e seis anos após a última reforma do canavial) sobre os teores e estoques de C no solo, a qualidade física da matéria orgânica e a imobilização de C na biomassa microbiana do solo. As áreas de colheita sem queima apresentaram maior teor de C na camada superficial e maiores estoques de C, independentemente do tempo após a última reforma. Diferenças na qualidade física da matéria orgânica ocorreram principalmente na fração com tamanho entre 53 e 75 μm, na qual a proporção de C foi maior nas áreas sem queima. Na camada de 0-10 cm, o sistema sem queima apresentou maior teor de C microbiano. A colheita sem queima da palha é eficiente em acumular C em formas que possuem alto tempo de residência no solo.
Sentience and the Origins of Consciousness: From Cartesian Duality to Markovian Monism

This essay addresses Cartesian duality and how its implicit dialectic might be repaired using physics and information theory. Our agenda is to describe a key distinction in the physical sciences that may provide a foundation for the distinction between mind and matter, and between sentient and intentional systems. From this perspective, it becomes tenable to talk about the physics of sentience and ‘forces’ that underwrite our beliefs (in the sense of probability distributions represented by our internal states), which may ground our mental states and consciousness. We will refer to this view as Markovian monism, which entails two claims: (1) fundamentally, there is only one type of thing and only one type of irreducible property (hence monism). (2) All systems possessing a Markov blanket have properties that are relevant for understanding the mind and consciousness: if such systems have mental properties, then they have them partly by virtue of possessing a Markov blanket (hence Markovian). Markovian monism rests upon the information geometry of random dynamic systems. In brief, the information geometry induced in any system—whose internal states can be distinguished from external states—must acquire a dual aspect. This dual aspect concerns the (intrinsic) information geometry of the probabilistic evolution of internal states and a separate (extrinsic) information geometry of probabilistic beliefs about external states that are parameterised by internal states. We call these intrinsic (i.e., mechanical, or state-based) and extrinsic (i.e., Markovian, or belief-based) information geometries, respectively. Although these mathematical notions may sound complicated, they are fairly straightforward to handle, and may offer a means through which to frame the origins of consciousness.
Lagoon degradation and management in Yanuca channel on the Coral Coast of Fiji

Yanuca Channel is a narrow marine lagoon separating a low limestone island in Cuvu Bay from the south west Viti Levu mainland in Fiji, known as the “Coral Coast”. Historical air photographs show significant changes in the drainage configuration of the lagoon and local Fijian landowners give accounts of degrading environmental conditions in the lagoon due to sediment infilling. This investigation found several processes were responsible for the aggradation. Large quantities of terrigenous sediments are discharged by streamwaters into the lagoon, as a consequence of the removal of estuarine mangroves and agricultural practices such as burning and grazing in adjacent catchments. A previous outlet into the bay became blocked in the 1980s after inappropriate sand mining and vegetation clearance caused accelerated coastal erosion. The altered lagoon drainage pattern has led to lagoon eutrophication and aggradation. Developed on the island is a large international resort complex; the resort causeway constructed across the lagoon to the island has a significant dam effect, impeding the flow of currents and preventing the periodic scouring of sand from the lagoon floor. Several modern and traditional management options have recently been implemented to improve lagoon conditions, through partnerships between NGOs, traditional landowners and the resort management. These include riparian reforestation and the establishment of marine protected areas to conserve coral reefs.