Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic Development Lessons from and for North American Indian Economies

This paper reviews the literature on economic development as it relates to indigenous people in the United States and Canada, and focuses on how institutions affect economic development of reservation and reserve economies. Evidence shows that strong property rights to reservation and reserve land and natural resources, whether communal or individual, are and always have been important determinants of productivity. Political and legal institutions that are perceived as stable and predictable to tribal members and to non-Natives also improve economic opportunities for indigenous people living on reservations and reserves. Research reviewed here also shows that culture and acculturation are important in the development process. Although our emphasis is on North America, the findings are applicable to indigenous people in other parts of the world and shed light on growth questions that loom large for developing countries around the world.
PurePos: An Open Source Morphological Disambiguator

This paper presents PurePos, a new open source Hidden Markov model based morphological tagger tool that has an interface to an integrated morphological analyzer and thus performs full disambiguated morphological analysis including lemmatization of words both known and unknown to the morphological analyzer. The tagger is implemented in Java and has a permissive LGPL license thus it is easy to integrate and modify. It is fast to train and use while having an accuracy on par with slow to train Maximum Entropy or Conditional Random Field based taggers. Full integration with morphology and an incremental training feature make it suited for integration in web based applications. We show that the integration with morphology boosts our tool’s accuracy in every respect – especially in full morphological disambiguation – when used for morphologically complex agglutinating languages. We evaluate PurePos on Hungarian data demonstrating its state-of-the-art performance in terms of tagging precision and accuracy of full morphological analysis.
Neutral pion and eta meson production at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV

Neutral pion and η meson production in the transverse momentum range 1 < p T < 20 GeV /c have been measured at midrapidity by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in central and semicentral Pb-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV. These results were obtained using the photon conversion method as well as the Photon Spectrometer (PHOS) and Electromagnetic Calorimeter detectors. The results extend the upper p T reach of the previous ALICE π 0 measurements from 12 to 20 GeV /c and present the ﬁrst measurement of η meson production in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. The η/π 0 ratio is similar for the two centralities and reaches at high p T a plateau value of 0.457 ± 0 . 013 stat ± 0 . 018 syst . A suppression of similar magnitude for π 0 and η meson production is observed in Pb-Pb collisions with respect to their production in pp collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. We discuss the results in terms of Next to Leading Order (NLO) pQCD predictions and hydrodynamic models. The measurements show a stronger suppression than observed at lower center-of-mass energies in the p T range 6 < p T < 10 GeV /c . For p T < 3 GeV /c , hadronization models describe the π 0 results while for the η some tension is observed.
Enhancing photoluminescence quenching and photoelectric properties of CdSe quantum dots with hole accepting ligands

CdSe quantum dots have been encapped with aromatic ligands: α-toluenethiol, thiophenol, and p-hydroxythiophenol to enhance the photoluminescence (PL) quenching and photoelectric properties of the quantum dots. The aromatic ligand capped CdSe quantum dots are prepared through ligand exchange with trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) capped CdSe quantum dots. The XPS surface chemistry analysis and elemental analysis has confirmed the success of ligand exchange from TOPO to aromatic ligands. Both XRD and HRTEM-SAED studies indicate the crystalline structure of CdSe quantum dots not only remains but is also improved by the ligand exchange of TOPO with thiol molecules. Time resolved PL decay measurements indicate thiophenol and p-hydroxythiophenol ligands effectively quench the emission and have much shorter PL lifetimes than that of TOPO and that of α-toluenethiol. Thus, both thiophenol and p-hydroxythiophenol can act as an effective acceptor for photogenerated holes through aromatic π-electrons. Thiophenol also exhibits good charge transport behavior showing a 10-fold increase in short circuit current density (Isc) as compared with TOPO in the photocurrent study of fabricated photovoltaic devices.
An Approach to a Sustainable Weather Information System for Farmers in Rural Burkina Faso

In the quest to improve the lives of farmers and improve agricultural productivity in rural Burkina Faso, a number of projects and initiatives have been implemented to collect meteorological data within the country. There is the urgent need to make use of this collected data to deliver meaningful information. It will directly help improve the lives of farmers and provide more food to the people in the country. Therefore, through this case study we designed a weather information system that collects this data and provides the farmers with weather and agricultural information for improving agricultural productivity and the livelihood of the people of rural Burkina Faso. Following the design science research methodology, we investigate the requirements for a weather information system, and the possible options for ensuring the sustainability of the system. Using a combination of methods, we developed a structured approach and methodology for developing and implementing a sustainable weather information system in the context of rural Burkina Faso.
Polyhedral Search Space Exploration in the ExaStencils Code Generator

Performance optimization of stencil codes requires data locality improvements. The polyhedron model for loop transformation is well suited for such optimizations with established techniques, such as the PLuTo algorithm and diamond tiling. However, in the domain of our project ExaStencils, stencil codes, it fails to yield optimal results. As an alternative, we propose a new, optimized, multi-dimensional polyhedral search space exploration and demonstrate its effectiveness: we obtain better results than existing approaches in several cases. We also propose how to specialize the search for the domain of stencil codes, which dramatically reduces the exploration effort without significantly impairing performance.
Influence of roughness profile on reflectivity and angle-dependent X-ray fluorescence

The theory of X-ray scattering from rough interfaces using the second-order distorted-wave Born approximation is reviewed. For specular reflectivity a new expression is given which smoothly connects the Nevot-Croce and Debye-Waller expressions. The shape of the reflectivity curve depends not only on the average roughness, but also on the lateral correlation of the roughness profile. Using the same theory, the several ways in which roughness can influence angle-dependent X-ray fluorescence are evaluated. Finally, possible shapes for the roughness correlation function are discussed
Impact of Academic Staff Establishment on the Masters Degree Programmes in Kenyan Public Universities; A Case of Departments of Educational Foundations From 1993 to 2014

Departmental analysis has gained momentum in the world of identifying progress made in various tasks planned for. After undergraduate training in Universities, graduates take various postgraduate courses to enhance their role as scholars in educational foundations courses. Many studies have been carried on development of education in African Universities with none delving into actual departmental master’s degree programmes and the impact of academic staff establishment on overall university growth. This study was historical research which adapted case study approach of three public universities in Kenya. This brought on board three, chairpersons of the department of Educational foundations, three registrars and fifty nine (59) lecturers. Using document analysis schedule and interview schedules, the dynamics development of master’s degree programmes in line with the academic staff establishment was brought to the reality. The study revealed that most students enrolled and graduated in the departments that had enough academic staff establishment. The department existed as independent department that offered courses in such administration and policy management as well as department of educational foundations. Master’s degree students in departments that had enough academic staff had highest number of students enrolling for the courses. Key recommendations include granting students scholarships to master’s degree students in the department of educational foundations and study leave by their employers. Equally imperative is recruitment of more academic staff in the fields of educational foundations which will enhance the departmental capability to train more students in educational foundations courses highly needed in tertiary and upcoming universities offering teaching undergraduate courses.
Some words about the application of Tchebycheff systems to Weak Hilbert ’ s 16 th Problem

In this talk we will try to introduce (in a very näıve way) the so-called Weak Hilbert’s Problem, posed by Arnol’d in 1977, its relation with the original Hilbert’s 16th Problem and how Tchebycheff systems have been applied to approach them.
Selection of reference genes for normalization of quantitative real-time PCR in cell cultures of Cyclamen persicum

As a prerequisite for gene expression analyses in cell cultures of the ornamental crop Cyclamen persicum basic parameters for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) have been established including the selection of reference genes using the software tools ‘geNorm' and ‘NormFinder'. Five potential reference genes have been tested (elongation factor tu (Ef-Tu), putative ABC transporter ATPase, putative conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex component, V-ATPase G subunit 1 and Histone H3-K9 methyltransferase 4 (H3-K9-HMTase 4)). ‘NormFinder' as well as ‘geNorm' identified Ef-Tu to be the least stable reference gene while the ranking of the most stable genes differed depending on the algorithm. According to ‘NormFinder' COG complex component displayed the most stable expression whereas ‘geNorm' indicated V-ATPase G subunit 1 and a putative ABC transporter ATPase to be the most reliable reference genes. Hence, we concluded to use a normalization factor calculated from the four reference genes V-ATPase G subunit 1, ABC transporter ATPase, Histone H3-K9 methyltransferase 4 (H3-K9-HMTase 4) and COG complex component for normalization of qRT-PCR in cell cultures of Cyclamen persicum.
Reactions of protoporphyrin with tetracyanoethylene

The vinyl groups of protoporphyrin react with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) in a [2 + 21 reaction to give adducts containing one and two cyclobutane rings. In addition, the vinyl groups and the porphyrinic {J-{J cross-conjugated double bonds in rings A and B react with TCNE in a [4 + 21 cycloaddition reaction, giving chlorine when either ring A or B reacts or an isobacteriochlorin when both rings react. Reactions in which one vinyl group reacted in a [2 + 21 and the other in a [4 + 21 fashion were also observed.
MENTOR-MANAGED DESIGN CHALLENGES FOR FIRST YEAR ENGINEERING

The authors identify the main challenges facing engineering students and instructors during hands-on design projects and give an overview of the mentor-managed approach they take in a first year design course. Key features of the course include mentor management, choosing a design challenge of a suitable scope, providing an appropriate systematic design methodology, and structuring the design project around staged deliverables. They describe, in more detail, two distinctive components of the course: usability testing with modified design walkthroughs, and an introduction to creative practice and design through a Scrapheap Challenge.
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PADĚRAITE, Cu7(X0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33)∑13S22, WITH X = Cu OR Ag: NEW DATA AND INTERPRETATION

Nous avons resolu la structure cristalline de la paděraite argentifere, dont la composition ideale serait Cu 7 (Ag 0.33 Pb 1.33 Bi 11.33 ) Σ13 S 22 , a 17.585(4), b 3.9386(9), c 28.453(7) A, p 105.41(1)°, V 1899.8(8) A 3 , groupe spatial P2 1 /m et Z = 2, provenant d'un gisement de skam a Băila Bihor en Roumanie, par methodes directes, et nous l'avons affinee jusqu'a un residu R 1 de 7.72% pour 2429 reflexions uniques [F o ≥ 4σE(F o )] mesurees avec rayonnement MoKa et un diffractometre a trois cercles muni d'un detecteur CCD. La structure de la paděraite riche en Cu et depourvue de Ag, dont la composition ideale serait Cu 7 (Cu 0.33 Pb 1.33 Bi 11.33 ) Σ13 S 22 , a 17.573(2), b 3.9426(4), c 28.423(3) A, p 105.525(2)°, V 1897.3(6) A 3 , groupe spatial P2 1 /m et Z = 2, provenant d'une pegmatite a elements rares a Swartberg, en Afrique du Sud, a ete resolue par methodes directes et affinee jusqu'a un residu R 1 de 5.04% pour 3200 reflexions uniques [F o ≥ 4 σ E(F o )] mesurees avec rayonnement MoKa. Dans ces structures, il y a 12 sites Bi, un site Pb, sept sites Cu, soit triangulaires ou tetraedriques applatis, et 22 positions S. On peut representer la structure, dans la plupart des aspects correspondant a celle qui est deja connue, comme intercroissance d'un module ressemblant a la kupcikite (plaquettes "K") et de plaquettes "Q". Ces dernieres peuvent former leur propre structure, apparentee a la nordstromite ou a la kobellite. Nous presentons les formules chimiques et les mailles elementaires des homologues KQ n potentiels de la paděraite, de meme que des intercroissances regulieres de la paděraite avec la serie des homologues de la cuprobismutite.
High Rising Terminals in Australian English: Form and Function

This study examined various aspects of both the form and function of high rising terminals in Australian English. Using both narrative and collaborative speech data, relevant intonational phrases were labeled on severals levels and an objective method to classify question and declarative utterances was also developed. In particular it aimed to examine the relationship between speech act and location of the rise onset, as past studies have shown a significant result in New Zealand English. The findings were that HRTs have a ‘continuing’ function in dialog, that previous findings of a phonological distinction between speech acts are unsupported, and that there appears to be no significant relationship between the location of the rise onset and speech act type.
Smart Scaling of the 5G Core Network: An RNN-Based Approach

The upcoming mobile core network, which will be based on Virtual Network Functions (VNF), will face an increase of data traffic on both data and control planes. This is due to the increase of the number of connected devices and the newly 5G supported-services like IoT, Connected Health Care etc. Therefore dynamic and accurate scalability techniques should be envisioned in order to answer the needs, in term of resource provisioning, without degrading the Quality Of Service (QoS) already offered by hardware based core networks. Although provisioning new resources is easier as it is a matter of software deployment, the strategy to use (when to scale and how much to scale) remains complex. In this paper we propose scaling techniques based on neural networks to forecast the upcoming load. Hence scheduling the resource provisioning should be in a manner that all the needed resources will be deployed and active when the load increases. In the same way, it will scale-in the unneeded resources when the traffic load decreases. The proposal is tested via discrete event simulations using a traffic load dataset provided by a Network Operator. The results show clearly the robustness of our proposal compared to a threshold-based scaling technique.
Future Trends of Data Mining in Predicting the Various Diseases in Medical Healthcare System

The thriving medical applications of data mining in the fields of medicine and public health has led to the popularity of its use in knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). Data mining has revealed novel biomedical and healthcare acquaintances for clinical decision making that has great potential to improve the treatment quality of hospitals and increase the survival rate of patients. Disease diagnosis is one of the applications where data mining tools are establishing the successful results. Data mining intends to endow with a systematic survey of current techniques of knowledge discovery in databases using data mining techniques that are in use in today’s medical research. Discussion is made to enable the disease diagnosis and the breakthrough of hidden healthcare patterns from related databases is offered. Also, the use of data mining to discover such relationships as those between health conditions and a disease is presented. It further discusses about the tools that can be used for the processing and classification of data. This paper summarizes various technical articles on medical diagnosis and prognosis. It has also been focused on current research being carried out using the data mining techniques to enhance the disease(s) forecasting process. This research paper provides future trends of current techniques of KDD, using data mining tools for healthcare. It also confers significant issues and challenges associated with data mining and healthcare in general. The research found a growing number of data mining applications, including analysis of health care centers for better health policy-making, detection of disease outbreaks and preventable hospital deaths. The root causes of all diseases get closer towards drugs i.e. the foremost risk factor of all hilarious diseases. Drug addiction using WEKA has been used that brings into light concerning majority of drug abusers started abusing drugs at age below 20yrs.It is to make aware the druggist about the various diseases that are caused with heavy or long term intake of drugs in their life. So, to make an expert system that will awake the youth about precarious use of drugs and also alert the affected person.
Velocity fluctuations in a dilute suspension of viscous vortex rings

We explore the velocity fluctuations in a fluid due to a dilute suspension of randomly-distributed vortex rings at moderate Reynolds number, for instance those generated by a large colony of jellyfish. Unlike previous analysis of velocity fluctuations associated with gravitational sedimentation or suspensions of microswimmers, here the vortices have a finite lifetime and are constantly being produced. We find that the net velocity distribution is similar to that of a single vortex, except for the smallest velocities which involve contributions from many distant vortices; the result is a truncated $5/3$-stable distribution with variance (and mean energy) linear in the vortex volume fraction $\phi$. The distribution has an inner core with a width scaling as $\phi^{3/5}$, then long tails with power law $|u|^{-8/3}$, and finally a fixed cutoff (independent of $\phi$) above which the probability density scales as $|u|^{-5}$, where $u$ is a component of the velocity. We argue that this distribution is robust in the sense that the distribution of any velocity fluctuations caused by random forces localized in space and time has the same properties, except possibly for a different scaling after the cutoff.
Widespread Reemergence of Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the Global Oceans, Including Tropical Regions Forced by Reemerging Winds

Sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in portions of the extratropics are known to recur from one winter to the next without persisting through the intervening summer. Previous studies identified only a limited number of midlatitude regions where this reemergence occurs. Here we find that most of the global oceans exhibit winter‐to‐winter recurrence of SSTA. Indeed, recurrence of SSTA is the default process in the global ocean. Only regions strongly linked to El Niño do not show signs of SST reemergence. In midlatitudes, the temperature anomalies that recur persist below the shallow mixed layer in summer. However, SST recurrence is also found at some tropical locations and appears to be independent of subsurface ocean heat storage. Reemergence at these locations is linked to the recurrence of atmospheric drivers of SSTA, predominantly the wind‐stress forcing. Our results are supported by different ocean data sets and by state‐of‐the‐art climate model simulations.
LOCALIZATION AND RECOGNITION OF DYNAMIC HAND GESTURES BASED ON HIERARCHY OF MANIFOLD CLASSIFIERS

Generally, the dynamic hand gestures are captured in continuous video sequences, and a gesture recognition system ought to extract the robust features automatically. This task involves the highly challenging spatio-temporal variations of dynamic hand gestures. The proposed method is based on two-level manifold classifiers including the trajectory classifiers in any time instants and the posture classifiers of sub-gestures in selected time instants. The trajectory classifiers contain skin detector, normalized skeleton representation of one or two hands, and motion history representing by motion vectors normalized through predetermined directions (8 and 16 in our case). Each dynamic gesture is separated into a set of sub-gestures in order to predict a trajectory and remove those samples of gestures, which do not satisfy to current trajectory. The posture classifiers involve the normalized skeleton representation of palm and fingers and relative finger positions using fingertips. The min-max criterion is used for trajectory recognition, and the decision tree technique was applied for posture recognition of sub-gestures. For experiments, a dataset “Multi-modal Gesture Recognition Challenge 2013: Dataset and Results” including 393 dynamic hand-gestures was chosen. The proposed method yielded 84–91% recognition accuracy, in average, for restricted set of dynamic gestures.
Animating Archaeology: Local Theories and Conceptually Open-ended Methodologies

Animists' theories of matter must be given equivalence at the level of theory if we are to understand adequately the nature of ontological difference in the past. The current model is of a natural ontological continuum that connects all cultures, grounding our culturally relativist worldviews in a common world. Indigenous peoples' worlds are thought of as fascinating but ultimately mistaken ways of knowing the world. We demonstrate how ontologically oriented theorists Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, Karen Barad and Tim Ingold in conjuncture with an anti-representationalist methodology can provide the necessary conditions for alternative ontologies to emerge in archaeology. Anthropo-zoomorphic ‘body-pots’ from first-millennium ad northwest Argentina anticipate the possibility that matter was conceptualized as chronically unstable, inherently undifferentiated, and ultimately practice-dependent.