Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Package inductance measurement at high frequencies

A major task in electrical characterization of IC packages is the experimental determination of package R, L, and C. A package self-inductance measurement technique based on network analysis and a lumped-element package model is described. Advantages of this technique include measuring inductance at the high operating frequencies of today's high-speed CMOS and ECL chips, providing information on a package's resonance frequencies and the limit of the lumped-element model, being inherently more accurate than techniques that measure package inductance at lower frequencies, and utilizing a simple one-port measurement method, procedure, and fixture design. Different packages and interconnects including a 160 QFP (quad flat package), a 296-lead TAB (tape automated bonding) tape, a flip TAB structure, and bonding wires of different length were characterized using this technique. <<ETX>>
Evans blue-modified radiolabeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor as long-acting cancer therapeutics

Rationale: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) targeted molecular imaging radiotracers have shown promising preclinical and clinical results in tumor diagnosis. However, rapid clearance and inadequate tumor retention of these molecules have hindered them for further clinical translation in cancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to develop a series of albumin binder-truncated Evans blue (EB) modified FAP targeted radiotracers, and optimize the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics to overcome the existing limitations in order to apply in the radionuclide therapy of cancer. Methods: A series of compounds with the general structure of EB-FAPI-Bn were synthesized based on a FAP inhibitor (FAPI) variant (FAPI-02) and radiolabeled with 177LuCl3. To verify the binding affinity and FAP targeting specificity of these tracers in vitro, U87MG cell uptake and competition assays were performed. Preclinical PK was evaluated in U87MG tumor-bearing mice using SPECT imaging and biodistribution studies. The lead compound EB-FAPI-B1 was selected and cancer therapeutic efficacy of 177Lu-EB-FAPI-B1 was assessed in U87MG tumor-bearing mice. Results: 177Lu-EB-FAPI-B1, B2, B3, B4 were stable in PBS (pH 7.4) and saline for at least 24 h. EB-FAPI-B1 showed high binding affinity (IC50 = 16.5 nM) to FAP in vitro, which was comparable with that of FAPI-02 (IC50 = 10.9 nM). SPECT imaging and biodistribution studies of 177Lu-EB-FAPI-B1, B2, B3, B4 have proved their prominently improved tumor accumulation and retention at 96 h post-injection, especially for 177Lu-EB-FAPI-B1, high tumor uptake and low background signal make it the optimal compound. Compared to the saline group, noteworthy tumor growth inhibitions of 177Lu-EB-FAPI-B1 have been observed after administration of different dosages. Conclusion: In this study, several EB modified FAPI-02 related radiopharmaceuticals have been synthesized successfully and evaluated. High binding affinity and FAP targeting specificity were identified in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably enhanced tumor uptake and retention of EB-FAPI-B1 were found over the unmodified FAPI-02. 177Lu-EB-FAPI-B1 showed remarkable tumor growth suppression in U87MG tumor model with negligible side effects, indicating that 177Lu-EB-FAPI-B1 is promising for clinical application and transformation.
Participants’ Perspectives Regarding the Role of University Governance in Promoting Climate Change and Sustainability Interventions at University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania

Higher education offers several opportunities for faculty, administrative staff, and students to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation as well as promote sustainability within the areas where such institutions are located. Through training, research, and community engagement functions, higher education institutions can ably contribute to sustainability and climate change response. This paper presents part of the findings from a larger study conducted at University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. The researcher adopted a socio-constructivist perspective to explore the perspectives and views of lecturers, administrators, and students on climate change related programmes regarding the role that university governance and management can play in promoting climate change and sustainability interventions at their university. Data was generated using semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) from 33 participants. Data was analysed using thematic analysis based on Braun & Clarke (2006). Findings revealed several roles that their university’s governance has and continues to play in promoting climate change and sustainability interventions including integrating these aspects in the university strategy, adding climate change and sustainability to the university research agenda, and promoting sustainability practices in the management and governance processes and systems. The findings may be handy in supporting other universities to promote these aspects right from the governance levels.
Active silicon substrate technology for miniaturized ultra high performance processing

A multichip module (MCM) technology called active silicon substrate (ASIS) that raises architectural design of signal/data processing systems to much higher levels of microminiaturization and performance is described. The merits of active substrates over the conventional passive ones are demonstrated through the implementation of several features that are possible when active elements are embedded in the interconnecting substrate and mounting platform. These include scalable fault-tolerant computing elements, replaceable drivers/buffers, and embedded local/global self-test circuits. The ASIS technology allows more than one type of processing architecture to be embedded and integrated in the same substrate, thus providing a viable approach for water scale integration. <<ETX>>
Experimental Study on Vibration Control of Flexible Structures Taking Power Assisted Conveyance Into Account

Abstract Power assist devices have been introduced to reduce physical burden of workers in conveying and mounting work in industries. Most of them handle controlled objects as rigid bodies. This paper discusses an effective vibration control method for conveying flexible structures with power assist. In this study, the power assist is realized by an impedance control method. The impedance characteristics of the power assisted object correspond to the dynamic characteristics of the disturbance for the vibration control. Our previous paper discussed a disturbance accommodating LQ optimal control (DAOC) method for the vibration control problem and the effectiveness was verified by state feedback control simulations only. In this paper, the DAOC method is applied to the same cart with a 1-DOF vibration system as in the previous paper but having more flexible structure. The natural frequency of the controlled object is set to 1.0 Hz. The effectiveness of DAOC in this case is demonstrated through actual experiments on the basis of output feedback control implementation.
Constant-resistance deep-level transient spectroscopy in Si and Ge JFET's

The recently introduced constant-resistance deep-level transient spectroscopy (CR-DLTS) was successfully applied to study virgin and radiation-damaged junction field-effect transistors (JFET's). We have studied three groups of devices: commercially available discrete silicon JFET's; virgin and exposed to high-level neutron radiation silicon JFET's, custom-made by using a monolithic technology; and commercially available discrete germanium p-channel JFET's. CR-DLTS is similar to both the conductance DLTS and to the constant-capacitance variation (CC-DLTS). Unlike the conductance and current DLTS, it is independent of the transistor size and does not require simultaneous measurement of the transconductance or the free-carrier mobility for calculation of the trap concentration. Compared to the CC-DLTS, it measures only the traps inside the gate-controlled part of the space charge region. Comparisons have also been made with the CC-DLTS and standard capacitance DLTS. In addition, possibilities for defect profiling in the channel have been demonstrated. CR-DLTS was found to be a simple, very sensitive, and device area-independent technique which is well suited for measurement of a wide range of deep level concentrations in transistors.
Power battery charger for electric vehicles

The design of a 2.4 kW power charger for electric vehicle lead-acid battery pack was discussed. Topics were focused on the phase-shifted resonant converter employed in the charger, including circuit operation and optimisation, parameters design and soft-switching. The charging manner includes constant current/voltage charge, float charge and trickle charge. Design method and experimental results were presented. High efficiency is obtained. The overall performance for battery charging is good and the efficiency is very high. The vehicle installed with the battery charger has been tested on the road successfully.
SECURE DATA COLLECTION IN WIRELESS NETWORKS

Compromised-node and denial-of-service are two key attacks in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we study data delivery mechanisms that can with high probability circumvent black holes formed by these attacks. We argue that classic multipath routing approaches are vulnerable to such attacks, mainly due to their deterministic nature. So once the adversary acquires the routing algorithm, it can compute the same routes known to the source, hence making all information sent over these routes vulnerable to its attacks. In this paper, we develop mechanisms that generate randomized multi-path routes. Under our designs, the routes taken by the “shares” of different packets change over time. So even if the routing algorithm becomes known to the adversary, the adversary still cannot pinpoint the routes traversed by each packet. Besides randomness, the generated routes are also highly dispersive and energy efficient, making them quite capable of circumventing black holes. We analytically investigate the security and energy performance of the proposed schemes. We also formulate an optimization problem to minimize the end-to-end energy consumption under given security constraints. Extensive simulations are conducted to verify the validity of our mechanisms.
Volatile Profile of Dry and Wet Aged Beef Loin and Its Relationship with Consumer Flavour Liking

This study investigated the effect of ageing method and ageing time on the volatile profiles of grilled beef striploins (Longissimus thoracis et lumborum) and their relationship with consumer flavour liking. Volatiles were measured in grilled steaks subjected to 35 days of dry ageing, 35 days of wet ageing, 56 days of dry ageing or 56 days of wet ageing, using headspace-solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry was also conducted on 35-day wet and dry aged samples to identify volatiles with high odour impact. The concentration of many odour impact volatiles, e.g., 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, 2-acetyl-2-thiazoline, and various alkyl-pyrazines, was significantly higher in dry aged beef compared to wet aged beef (p < 0.05). Several odour impact volatiles, e.g., 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, and alkyl-pyrazines, decreased significantly with ageing time (p < 0.05), while volatile products of lipid oxidation and microbial metabolism increased with ageing time. Partial least-squares regression analysis showed that the higher consumer flavour liking for 35-day dry aged beef was associated with higher concentrations of desirable odour-active volatiles.
Microstrip‐fed cavity‐backed slot antennas

Two types of cavity‐backed slot (CBS) antennas fed by a microstrip line and operating at 5.8 GHz are described in this letter. One is a broadband linearly polarized CBS antenna, which can provide 34% bandwidth for a 10‐dB return loss. The other is a circularly polarized dual T‐shape CBS, which has 4% bandwidth for a 3‐dB axial ratio and a 15% bandwidth for a 10‐dB return loss. The simulated and measured results of both antennas are in good agreement. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 229–233, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10283
Curriculum internationalization and the ‘decolonizing academic’

ABSTRACT As decolonization of the curriculum in higher education (HE) gains traction, academics may question their positionality and role as actors in the field. The concept of decolonization is contentious, but primarily focuses on uncentering the Western filter through which the world is viewed both socially and academically. Just as Gavin Sanderson has argued, that internationalization of HE requires the internationalization of the academic self, so we discuss how decolonizing the internationalized HE curriculum must begin with the decolonization of the individual. The strategic directions of our three European institutions reflect the tensions reported in international literature between HE as an income generator, and as a public good. In the autoethnographic project underpinning this article, we employed the unconventional Collaborative Analytics methodology and its iterations of share data, share results, share decisions to explore institutional strategy as experienced by academics. Our novel approach may help others reflect on decolonizing as a process of ‘forever becoming’.
Regular solution of shielded planar transmission lines

The analysis of shielded transmission lines has been completed using a new method: Regular solution of singular integral equation (RSSIE). Here, an integration procedure is adopted and the uniqueness of the fields is determined by the regularity conditions for the solutions of the singular integral equations at the edges of the metal strips. This leads to more rapid convergence of the series solutions, and enables the analysis of any kind of shielded planar transmission line. It is demonstrated that the results obtained by the proposed method are more accurate than those computed by the spectral domain method (SDM) in comparison with the data measured. In some special cases where the results can exactly be obtained, the proposed method gives more accurate values than those calculated by the SDM. Dominant and higher order modes can be calculated effectively and accurately. The investigation of convergence shows that not only dominant mode but also higher order modes converge rapidly. The computer time required by this proposed method decreases considerably in comparison with SDM. >
Star-hexagon transformer and non-isolated three-leg VSC based three-phase four-wire DSTATCOM

A new three-phase four-wire DSTATCOM (distribution static compensator) is proposed for power quality improvement in the distribution system. The DSTATCOM is based on a star/hexagon transformer and three-leg VSC (voltage source converter). It compensates harmonic current, reactive power and balances the load along with neutral current compensation. Each of the three single phase transformers has three windings and the secondary windings are connected in star/hexagon configuration for interfacing to a three-phase four-wire power distribution system. The IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) based VSC is a capacitor supported and it is controlled for the required compensation of load currents. The DC bus voltage of the VSC is regulated even during dynamic load variations. The DSTATCOM is tested for power factor correction and voltage regulation along with neutral current compensation, harmonic elimination and load balancing under linear loads as well as non-linear loads. The performance of the three-phase four-wire DSTATCOM is validated using MATLAB software with its Simulink and SimPower System (SPS) tool boxes.
A Tour of the Worm

On the evening of November 2, 1988, a self-replicating program was released upon the Internet 1 . This program (a worm) invaded VAX and Sun-3 computers running versions of Berkeley UNIX, and used their resources to attack still more computers 2 . Within the space of hours this program had spread across the U.S., infecting hundreds or thousands of computers and making many of them unusable due to the burden of its activity. This paper provides a chronology for the outbreak and presents a detailed description of the internals of the worm, based on a C version produced by decompiling.
HORIZONTAL-TO-VERTICAL SPECTRUM RATIO OF EARTHQUAKE GROUND MOTION FOR SITE CHARACTERIZATION

SUMMARY Nakamura’s method, which uses a horizontal-to-vertical Fourier spectrum ratio of microtremor, has become popular to determine the predominant period and amplification of a site. In this study, this method is extended for earthquake ground motion recordings using new strong motion data recorded by JMA-87-type accelerometers. From the analysis of these accelerograms, horizontal-to-vertical Fourier spectrum ratios of a site for di⁄erent earthquakes are also found to be stable irrespective of magnitude, distance and depth. To establish this fact, attenuation relations of velocity response spectra for horizontal and vertical components are derived for three damping ratios (0, 2 and 5 per cent) using the JMA data. Then the horizontal-to-vertical ratios of the velocity response spectra are obtained. The results show that the horizontal and vertical velocity response spectra are dependent on magnitude, distance and depth, but that their ratios are almost independent of magnitude, distance and depth. However, since the current data set consists of mostly intermediate to far field data, this observation should be limited to records of these distance ranges. Introducing station coeƒcients, representing site amplification, to this relation yields the value comparable to the horizontal-to-vertical Fourier spectrum ratio at a specific site. The stability of the spectrum ratio is explained by the transfer function between the ground surface and sti⁄-soil outcrop due to S-wave propagation. These results suggest that site amplification characteristics can be evaluated by one-point two-component surface recordings of earthquake ground motion, in a similar manner as proposed by Nakamura for microtremor. ( 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bellcrank mechanisms for Stirling engines

This paper describes a family of linkage drive systems for Stirling engines containing several new members. These mechanisms are adaptable to all three configurations of Stirling engine, impose minimal side loads on pistons and displacer rods, and include compact forms suitable for pressurized high performance engines. This group of drive systems is generated by a simple common scheme. Near sinusoidal motion is taken from a crankshaft carrying a single crankpin by two connecting rods each driving a bellcrank. The stationary pivots of the bellcranks are located so that their oscillatory motion has the phase angle separation required between the piston and displacer. The bellcranks are further configured to bring the third pin motion to a location suitable for coupling with the piston or displacer of the engine in a way which minimizes side loading. The paper presents a number of new linkage drives from the dual bellcrank family and indicates how they are embodied in beta and alpha type Stirling engines. The paper includes a design for a small multipurpose engine incorporating one of the subject mechanisms.
Attitude control of a mini flying-wing UAV using the multiple simultaneous specification design method

The multiple simultaneous specification controller design method is an elegant means of designing a single controller to satisfy multiple convex closed-loop performance specifications. In this study, the method is used to design pitch and roll attitude controllers for a Zagi flying-wing unmanned aerial vehicle. A linear model of the aircraft is developed, in which the lateral and longitudinal motions of the aircraft are decoupled. The controllers are designed for this decoupled state space model. Linear simulations are performed in Simulink, and all performance specifications are satisfied by the closed-loop system. Flight tests of the longitudinal controller are also executed. The desired performance specifications of the longitudinal controller have not strictly been met in flight. For a mini-unmanned aerial vehicle such as the Zagi, it is likely that more complex model development may be required in addition to controller design that considers sensitivity to external disturbances. Resume ´. Le concept du controleur multiple simultaneMSS (multiple simultaneous specification controller) est une facon egante de concevoir un controleur unique pour satisfaire les specifications de performance convexes multiples en boucle fermee. Dans cet article, cette methode est utilisee pour concevoir des controleurs d'attitude pour le tangage et le roulis pour un vehicule aerien sans pilote soit l'aile volante Zagi. On developpe une modele lineaire de l'aeronef dans lequel les mouvements lateraux et longitudinaux de l'appareil sont decouples. Les controleurs sont concus pour ce modele decouplea ` espace d'etats. Des simulations lineaires sont realisees al'aide du logiciel Simulink et toutes les specifications de performance sont satisfaites par le systeme en boucle fermee. On execute egalement des tests en vol du controleur longitudinal. Les specifications de performance souhaitees du controleur longitudinal n'ont pas eterigoureusement satisfaites en vol. Dans le cas d'un mini-drone comme le Zagi, il est probable que des efforts de developpement plus complexes soient necessaires en plus d'assurer un design de controleur qui prenne en consideration la sensibiliteaux perturbations externes.
Closed-loop investigation of the dynamical properties of cardiomyocyte electrophysiology by means of Dynamic clamp and Mathematical modelling

The research field of my PhD concerns mathematical modeling and numerical simulation, applied to the cardiac electrophysiology analysis at a single cell level. This is possible thanks to the development of mathematical descriptions of single cellular components, ionic channels, pumps, exchangers and subcellular compartments. Due to the difficulties of vivo experiments on human cells, most of the measurements are acquired in vitro using animal models (e.g. guinea pig, dog, rabbit). Moreover, to study the cardiac action potential and all its features, it is necessary to acquire more specific knowledge about single ionic currents that contribute to the cardiac activity. Electrophysiological models of the heart have become very accurate in recent years giving rise to extremely complicated systems of differential equations. Although describing the behavior of cardiac cells quite well, the models are computationally demanding for numerical simulations and are very difficult to analyze from a mathematical (dynamical-systems) viewpoint. Simplified mathematical models that capture the underlying dynamics to a certain extent are therefore frequently used. The results presented in this thesis have confirmed that a close integration of computational modeling and experimental recordings in real myocytes, as performed by dynamic clamp, is a useful tool in enhancing our understanding of various components of normal cardiac electrophysiology, but also arrhythmogenic mechanisms in a pathological condition, especially when fully integrated with experimental data.
Which Clients Inspire or Reduce the Trust of Street-Level Bureaucrats?

Which types of clients increase or decrease the trust of street-level bureaucrats (SLBs)? Using interviews and focus groups with two groups of Israeli social service providers—teachers and social workers—and comparing them, —we develop a theoretical framework for determining the types of clients who evoke and reduce the trust of SLBs. Our findings indicate that there are seven types of clients who inspire or diminish this trust: —cooperative, honest, familiar, benevolent, aggressive, open, and manipulative. We discuss the significance of our findings for the implementation and outcome of public policy and suggest several avenues for future research.