Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional neuroimaging biomarkers of resilience in major depressive disorder

Purpose of review In this review we provide an overview of definitions and determinants of resilience in the context of neuroimaging research in major depressive disorder (MDD). We summarize emerging literature on functional neuroimaging biomarkers of resilience in MDD and discuss their clinical relevance and implications for future research. Recent findings Resilience in MDD is characterized by dissociable profiles of activation and functional connectivity within brain networks involved in cognitive control, emotion regulation, and reward processing. Increased activation of frontal cortical brain regions implicated in cognitive appraisal and emotion regulation is a common characteristic of resilient individuals at high risk for MDD and of individuals with MDD with a favorable illness course. Furthermore, significant associations between fronto-striato-limbic functional connectivity and both positively interpreted stressful life events in resilient high-risk individuals and a favorable response to first-line treatments in depressed individuals suggest that neuro-compensatory changes and experience-dependent plasticity underlie resilience in MDD. Summary Emerging research has identified functional neuroimaging biomarkers of resilience in MDD. A continued focus on identifying neurobiological underpinnings of resilience, in the context of dynamic environmental and developmental influences, will advance our understanding of resilience and improve approaches to prevention and treatment of MDD.
Screening dietary fibres for fermentation characteristics and metabolic profiles using a rapid in vitro approach: implications for irritable bowel syndrome

Abstract The therapeutic value of specific fibres is partly dependent on their fermentation characteristics. Some fibres are rapidly degraded with the generation of gases that induce symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), while more slowly or non-fermentable fibres may be more suitable. More work is needed to profile a comprehensive range of fibres to determine suitability for IBS. Using a rapid in vitro fermentation model, gas production and metabolite profiles of a range of established and novel fibres were compared. Fibre substrates (n 15) were added to faecal slurries from three healthy donors for 4 h with gas production measured using real-time headspace sampling. Concentrations of SCFA and ammonia were analysed using GC and enzymatic assay, respectively. Gas production followed three patterns: rapid (≥60 ml/g over 4 h) for fructans, carrot fibre and maize-derived xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS); mild (30–60 ml/g) for partially hydrolysed guar gum, almond shell-derived XOS and one type of high-amylose resistant starch 2 (RS2) and minimal (no differences with blank controls) for methylcellulose, another high-amylose RS2, acetylated or butyrylated RS2, RS4, acacia gum and sugarcane bagasse. Gas production correlated positively with total SCFA (r 0·80, P < 0·001) and negatively with ammonia concentrations (r –0·68, P < 0·001). Proportions of specific SCFA varied: fermentation of carrot fibre, XOS and acetylated RS2 favoured acetate, while fructans favoured butyrate. Gas production and metabolite profiles differed between fibre types and within fibre classes over a physiologically relevant 4-h time course. Several fibres resisted rapid fermentation and may be candidates for clinical trials in IBS patients.
Ethyl acetate extract from Cistus x incanus L. leaves enriched in myricetin and quercetin derivatives, inhibits inflammatory mediators and activates Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages

Abstract Cistus x incanus L. is a Mediterranean evergreen shrub used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We therefore investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) from C. x incanus L. leaves on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. HPLC analysis revealed myricetin and quercetin derivatives to be the major compounds in EAF; EAF up to 1 µM of total phenolic content, was not cytotoxic and inhibited the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (p < 0.05) and the production of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, EAF triggered the mRNA expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and elicited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), as well as the expression of its main target gene, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (p < 0.05). These data indicate that EAF attenuates experimental inflammation via the inhibition of proinflammatory mediators and at least in part, by the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. These effects are likely due to myricetin and quercetin derivatives but the role of other, less abundant components cannot be excluded. Further studies to confirm the relevance of our findings in animal models and to highlight the relative contribution of each component to the anti-inflammatory activity of EAF should be conducted.
Using cardiac ionic cell models to interpret clinical data.

For over 100 years cardiac electrophysiology has been measured in the clinic. The electrical signals that can be measured span from noninvasive ECG and body surface potentials measurements through to detailed invasive measurements of local tissue electrophysiology. These electrophysiological measurements form a crucial component of patient diagnosis and monitoring; however, it remains challenging to quantitatively link changes in clinical electrophysiology measurements to biophysical cellular function. Multi-scale biophysical computational models represent one solution to this problem. These models provide a formal framework for linking cellular function through to emergent whole organ function and routine clinical diagnostic signals. In this review, we describe recent work on the use of computational models to interpret clinical electrophysiology signals. We review the simulation of human cardiac myocyte electrophysiology in the atria and the ventricles and how these models are being used to link organ scale function to patient disease mechanisms and therapy response in patients receiving implanted defibrillators, \cardiac resynchronisation therapy or suffering from atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. There is a growing use of multi-scale biophysical models to interpret clinical data. This allows cardiologists to link clinical observations with cellular mechanisms to better understand cardiopathophysiology and identify novel treatment strategies. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Computational Models Cardiovascular Diseases > Biomedical Engineering Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
Fine structural tuning of the assembly of ECM peptide conjugates via slight sequence modifications

The thermoresponsiveness and structures of peptide-based nanocarriers can be altered to enable versatile mechanisms of cargo delivery. The self-assembly of nanostructures from conjugates of elastin-like peptides and collagen-like peptides (ELP-CLP) has been studied as means to produce thermoresponsive, collagen-binding drug delivery vehicles. Motivated by our previous work in which ELP-CLP conjugates successfully self-assembled into vesicles and platelet-like nanostructures, here, we extend our library of ELP-CLP bioconjugates to a series of tryptophan/phenylalanine-containing ELPs and GPO-based CLPs [W2Fx-b-(GPO)y] with various domain lengths to determine the impact of these modifications on the thermoresponsiveness and morphology. The lower transition temperature of the conjugates with longer ELP or CLP domains enables the formation of well-defined nanoparticles near physiological temperature. Moreover, the morphological transition from vesicles to platelet-like nanostructures occurred when the ratio of the lengths of ELP/CLP decreased. Given the previously demonstrated ability of many ELP-CLP bioconjugates to bind to both hydrophobic drugs and collagen-containing materials, our results suggest new opportunities for designing specific thermoresponsive nanostructures for targeted biological applications.
nvestigating science and mathematics teacher candidate’s perceptions of TPACK-21 based on 21st century skills

Twenty-first century teachers are expected to have the ability to benefit from collaboration, problem solving, creative and innovative thinking, information and communication technology (ICT) applications. Teachers need to know various pedagogical approaches and appropriate ways to use ICT to support the development of twenty-first century skills of their students. The framework of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) provides a theoretical model for studying the way teachers use ICT in education. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationships of the components that constitute the TPACK-21 scale. The data were collected from 254 teacher candidates at a state university in Turkey from the science and math departments in the academic year of 2017-2018. For this purpose, the relationships between the components/factors that constitute the TPACK-21 scale were examined with a model. Relational survey model was used in the research. In the research, the scale developed by Valtonen et al. (2017) determining prospective teachers 21st century skills of TPACK-21 was used. The data obtained in the study were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The direct and positive effects of Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK21) and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK21) from external variables consisting of binary knowledge fields of the research are seen on TPACK-21. These variables explain 74% of the change in TPACK-21. TCK is the variable that affects TPACK-21 the most. Another important result reached in this study is that teachers' content knowledge (CK) directly and positively affect TCK and PCK21 and this effect is greater than the effect of technological knowledge (TK) and pedagogical knowledge (PK21). When the results of this research are evaluated, a gradual model including CK and PCK21 can be proposed instead of a direct technology-based approach to professional development programs developed to increase 21st century competencies of teachers TPACK-21s.
Single-parent families: Category at increased risk of poverty

There are very few scientific researches on family structure, especially on single-parent families, and they do not follow the rapid changes within the family structure. Therefore, we can draw conclusions on problems and difficulties in single-parent families based on a small number of researches conducted. Society is expected to provide families with the greatest protection and support possible, regardless of the type of family, so that they can fully fulfill their tasks and responsibilities within the community (Maleš, 1999). However, the society’s response to the needs of families, and especially of single-parent families, is not quick, strong or effective enough. Apart from the phrase “single-parent family”, other phrases were once used in professional literature as synonyms, such as: “abandoned” or “incomplete family”, “deficient family”, “broken family”, “truncated” or “fractional family”. However, due to their stigmatization and negative connotations, such phrases have since been abandoned. Today, phrases with a narrower meaning are used, for instance “single parent”, “one parent”, “parent without a spouse” and “parent living alone” (PiorkovskaPetrović, 1990). According to the Social Welfare Act (OG 157/13, 152/14, 99/15, 52/16, 16/17 and 130/17), a single parent is a parent who takes care of their child and supports them on their own, and a single-parent family is a family made up of a child or children and one parent. According to the postmodern paradigm, language use is of great importance (Ajduković, 2008), and according to Rabateg-Šarić, Pećnik and Josipović (2003), the term “single-parent family” is the most appropriate one, as it is value-neutral and points to what single parents have in common, which is the fact that one parent raises a child alone.
Behavioral interventions can mitigate adverse pregnancy outcomes among women conceiving on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and those initiated on ART during pregnancy: Findings from the MOTIVATE trial in southwestern Kenya.

BACKGROUND Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential for the elimination of mother-to-child transmission and improved health outcomes for women living with HIV (WLWH). However, adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) among pregnant women on ART are a growing concern. METHODS We investigated the associations between timing of ART initiation and APO among pregnant WLWH receiving behavioral interventions (community mentor mothers and text messaging) in the Mother-Infant Visit Adherence and Treatment Engagement (MOTIVATE) study in southwestern Kenya. Log binomial models were used for estimation of relative risks (RRs) (adjusted for the clustered nature of data) evaluating APO with three exposure comparisons 1) Preconception ART initiation vs. post-conception initiation, 2) among post-conception ART initiating women, comparisons across gestational ages at cART initiation (first versus second and third trimester exposure) and, 3) intervention allocation. RESULTS Of the 1275 women included in this analysis, 388 (30%) had an APO: 306 preterm births, 38 low birth weight infants, 33 stillbirths and 11 miscarriages. In multivariable analysis, viral load >1000 copies/ml, moderate and severe anemia at baseline increased risk of APO. Among women initiating ART before and after conception, no difference was observed in the composite APO. Women who received community mentor mother visits only (aRR 0.74: 95% CI 0.71-0.76), or text messages only (aRR 0.79: 95% CI 0.70-0.89) had lower risks of experiencing any APO. CONCLUSIONS Receiving supportive behavioral interventions may mitigate the risk of experiencing an APO among WLWH on ART. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms and optimize the benefits of these interventions.
Vibration threshold in non-diabetic subjects

Measuring vibration perception threshold (VPT) accurately classifies and quantifies the severity of loss of vibration perception. A biothesiometer (Bio-thesiometer®; Bio Medical Instrument Co, Ohio, USA) appears to be the most suitable tool to determine VPT due to its low inter-rater variability and low occurence of adaption to the sensation. Different VPT values for a biothesiometer have been described, however, specification on age, height and different measurement locations is currently lacking. The objective of our study was to identify determinants of vibration perception in non-diabetic subjects, in order to provide individualized normal values of VPTs for clinical practice. Measurements of the vibration perception were performed on the big toes, insteps, lateral malleoli, and wrists. A total of 205 healthy subjects were included (108 (52.7%) males) with a median [interquartile range] age of 59 [51;64] (range 21–80) years. Mean height was 174.45 ± 9.20 cm and mean weight was 82.94 ± 14.84 kg, resulting in a mean BMI of 27.19 ± 4.00 kg/m2. In stepwise forward linear regression analyses, age (st. β = 0.51, p < 0.001) and height (st. β = 0.43, p < 0.001) were found to be the independent unmodifiable determinants of the VPT at the big toe. Regression coefficients for quantiles of the determinants age and height were incorporated in the corresponding regression equations. This study provides equations to calculate age- and height-specific normal values for VPT that can be used in clinical practice and in large research studies.
Effectiveness of auriculotherapy on anxiety during labor: did the authors switch outcomes or salami slice their trial?

Gray R, Mackay B, Waters A, Brown E. Effectiveness of auriculotherapy on anxiety during labor: did the authors switch outcomes or salami slice their trial? Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem. 2020;28:e3381. [Access ___ __ ____]; Available in: ___________________ . DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/1518-8345.4697. 3381. year day month URL Letter to the Editor regarding the article “Mafetoni RR, Rodrigues MH, Jacob LMS, Shimo AKK. Effectiveness of auriculotherapy on anxiety during labor: a randomized clinical trial. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem. 2018;26:e3030. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/1518-8345.2471. 3030. ”
A Deletion of a Putative Glucosyl Transferase Increases Carotenoids Production in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

The study was designed, analyzed and discussed by the author. The author takes full responsibility for the whole study including data collation, manuscript drafting and editing. ABSTRACT Aim: Deletion the putative glucosyl transferase (Slr1125) in order to investigate its relationship with the unique carotenoid glycoside myxoxanthophyll. deformation of the cell wall layers. S-layer disappeared and peptidoglycan was poorly developed. Conclusion: The putative glucosyl transferase (Slr1125) plays an important role in cell wall biogenesis of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 that is indirectly affecting the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway specially the glycosylated carotenoid myxoxanthophyll. Indeed, these results highlight the notion that cross talk and interconnectedness between cellular processes exist that is critical for metabolic engineering designs.
Introduction

Chronic Background: Organizational climate is the emotional state, perceptions and feelings shared by members of the system. Organizational climate has a major influence on motivation, productivity, satisfaction, and empowerment. Aim: The present study aimed to assess organizational climate versus nurses' empowerment. Research design: A descriptive, correlational design was used. Setting: This study conducted at Sirs Elian hospital. Research Subjects: A simple random sample of 150 staff nurses who selected from total 184 staff nurses. They are working in the study setting, and had work experience at least one year. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used namely organizational climate and empowerment questionnaires sheets. Results: majority of staff nurses have positive perception about organizational climate regarding client service, also majority of staff nurses have high level of empowerment. Conclusion: There was statistically significant correlation between organizational climate and empowerment. Recommendations: Regular surveys should be done to examine employees' perception of organizational climate, establish a system of promotion and rewards, and encourage nurses’ participation in goal setting, problem solving, and decision-making.
Exploring the Utility and Student Perceptions of Synthetic Cadavers in an Undergraduate Human Anatomy Course

The synthetic cadaver is a high‐fidelity model intended to replace or supplement other anatomy learning modalities. Academic attainment and student perceptions were examined in an undergraduate human anatomy course using a combination of plastic models and synthetic cadavers to learn lower body anatomy (“Experimental group”), compared to a Historical group who used only plastic models. Grades on an upper body test, for which both groups used only plastic models, were compared to ensure that no academic differences existed between groups (P = 0.7653). Students in the Experimental group performed better on the lower body test for which they used both plastic models and synthetic cadavers (median = 73.8% (95% CI: 72.0%‐75.0%) compared to the Historical group (70.1% (95% CI: 68.3%‐70.7%), P < 0.0001); however, less than half of students (49%) attributed this to the synthetic cadavers. Students' perception of laboratory resources (P < 0.0001) and learning experience (P < 0.0001) both improved with the addition of synthetic cadavers compared to using only plastic models, and 60% of students in the Experimental group agreed that the synthetic cadavers would be a key reason that they would choose that institution for undergraduate studies. This investigation showed improved student grades when plastic models and synthetic cadavers were combined, in addition to improved student perceptions of the learning experience. Results of the student questionnaires also suggested that although synthetic cadavers carry a notable up‐front cost, they may be a useful recruitment tool for institutions.
Ways of extracting DNA from Volvariella volvacea

Three different ways of extracting Volvariella volvacea DNA was studied The result showed that the way of using Benzyl chloride got high yield of DNA and low concentration of protein but polysaccharide was higher; The way of using CTAB got a good yield of DNA and low concentration of polysaccharide and protein It was a good way for extracting Volvariella volvacea DNA The way of using protoplast got very poor yield of DNA
Measurement of Self-incompatible by Fluoroscope Observation in Non-heading Chinese Cabbage

The self-incompatibility (SI) in non-heading Chinese cabbage was measured by compatible index and fluoroscope observation methods.Results through two methods were coincided.Under fluoroscope callus was obviously observed on the style,which was a symbol of the SI reaction.The fluoroscope observation with more convenience and accuracy can be applied in breeding of non-heading Chinese cabbage.
Experiential Marketing For Destination Loyalty (Reference To Tourists’ Cultural Destinations In Sri Lanka)

Tourism becomes as the major industry to develop the world’s economic wellbeing through regional development. Among the most attracted destinations cultural destinations were highly loyal destinations to the tourists as which have thousand years aged history and world recognized heritages (Udurawana 2018). More than the 84% of tourists have mentioned that their purpose of visit Sri Lanka is ‘pleasure’, and Sri Lanka has more tourists’ attraction year by year, as Sri Lanka Tourism Promotion Beouro (SLTPB) promotes Sri Lanka highlighting its 2000 aged history and eight world heritage sites. However, statistics have proved that tourists attractions and growth rate was gradually decreased from 43% since 2010 up to now (SLTDA 2018), and cultural places are the least attracted places in Sri Lanka. Therefore this explanatory research study was conducted to identify the effect of experiential marketing strategies to tourists’ destination’s loyalty through the mediating effect of tourists’ satisfaction. Through the sound literature, experiential marketing was developed under second order model as the independent variable, and dependent variable was the destination loyalty. Population of the study has been identified based on the number of tourists visited cultural areas in the year 2018, and 600 tourists selected as a representative sample, through convenient sampling technique, and 513 tourists were final respondents. Well-developed research questionnaire was facilitated to collect tourists’ preferences being aligning to four research hypotheses (H1, H2, H3, and H4). On the results, all the constructs were valid, reliable, fit with the model. All the research questions and objectives were achieved, and all the hypotheses were accepted, where H1 – there is a significant effect of experiential marketing on destination loyalty, H2 experiential marketing effect is on tourists satisfaction was positive and significant, H3 – Tourists satisfaction has positive and significant effect on destination loyalty, and H4 – accepted as there is a mediating effect with tourists satisfaction between the experiential marketing and destination loyalty. Finally researcher suggested adoptable strategies for the attention of SLTDA, DMOs, and other stakeholders at cultural areas in Sri Lanka, to upgrade tourists’ satisfaction through the experiential marketing practices for tourists’ destination loyalty