Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contested Cultural Identities in Public Discourse

Europe's eastern rim has been in constant flux ever since the watershed year of 1989. Autocratic regimes have been replaced with stable democracies, and planned economies have given way to a free-market system comprising most of the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Whereas most of these nations swiftly embarked on a course toward ED accession, the countries of the former Yugoslavia plunged into ethnic and religious infighting that left the region paralyzed for years and has left a problematic legacy until today. Further east, Turkey's longheld ambitions to join the EU received yet another setback when it was sidelined during the 2004/2007 round of enlargement These political and economic transformations have triggered fundamental redefinitions of cultural identity, Nations and social groups have had to reposition themselves and their relationship to others within newly emerging politicallandscapes. Although the enlarged ED has created a new closeness between neighbors that were formerly separated by impenetrable physical and ideological barriers, at the same time it has excluded others that feel like outsiders being left behind. The break-up of the former Yugoslavia has necessitated reformulations of statehood and international relations in the Balkans. We chose to call the area for this endeavor 'Europe'S eastern rim'. With this metaphorical expression, we tried to avoid the widely used terms Mitteleuropa, Central Europe and Eastem Europe because each of these seems to imply different political and ideological conceptions for the countries from the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean. Mille/europa is a historically loaded term that focuses on the eastern part of Europe from an Austrian and German perspective, with explicit or implicit hegemonic intentions, The term Central Europe, invented in the revolutions of 1848, designates a Central European federation without Prussian or Russian domination. It reemerged in the 1980s as a kind of spiritual home for many intellectuals. However, as Maria Todorova and other Balkan experts have shown, this term is also clivisive, It does not include the regions of the Balkans, but pushes them further east toward present-day Russia. Eastern Europe, in turn, clearly suggests Russian and Soviet hegemony. Furthermore, in a purely geographical sense, Eastern
Effect of injection timing and injection pressure on the performance of biodiesel ester of hongeoil fuelled common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine

This paper discusses the feasibility study on the utilization of biodiesel ester of Honge oil (EHO) in common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine. Biodiesel of EHO has been obtained by transesterification process and characterization has been done. Existing single cylinder diesel engine fitted with conventional mechanical fuel injection system (CMFIS) was suitably modified to operate on Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) facilities where the biodiesel can be injected with higher injection pressures. Experiments were conducted on CRDI engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel to optimize the injection timing (IT), where the IT varied from 25 o before top dead centre (bTDC) to 5 o after top dead centre (aTDC) keeping injector pressure (IP)of 600 bar, compression ratio (CR) of 17.5 and constant engine speed of 1500 rpm at 80 and 100% loading conditions. Improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) IT was obtained at 10 o . Further experiments were conducted on CRDI engine fuelled with diesel and EHO to optimize the injector opening pressure (IP) where IPs were varied from 600 bar to 1000 bar keeping optimized IT of 10 o bTDC and revealed that maximum BTE was obtained at 900 bar. From the experimental study, IT of 10 o bTDC and IP of 900 bar were concluded as best engine operating parameters to obtain maximum BTE with lower hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), smoke emissions but oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions were higher for the fuels used in the study. Peak pressure and heat release rates were observed maximum for IT of 10 o bTDC and IP of 900 bar compared to other ITs and IPs used. Keywords: Diesel engine, Ester of Honge Oil (EHO), Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI), Emissions
Isomorphism Elimination by Zero-Suppressed Binary Decision Diagrams

In this paper, we focus on the isomorphism elimination. More precisely, our problem is as follows: Given a graph G with labeled edges and a family F of its subgraphs, we extract all automorphisms Aut G = { π 1 , π 2 , . , } on the given graph, deﬁne the lexicographically largest sub-graph for each set of the mutually isomorphic subgraphs on each automorphism π i , and select the lexicograph-ically largest subgraphs on any of the automorphisms. In this paper, the families of subgraphs are manipulated by ZDDs. We also apply our algorithms to the enumeration of nonisomorphic developments of Platonic and Archimedean solids and d -dimensional hypercubes. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more than 300 times faster and 3,000 times less memory than the conventional method in the best case. Our algorithms are applicable to many other enumeration problems with eliminating isomorphic solutions.
Global university reputation and rankings: insights from culturomics

In this study, we used culturomics (i.e. analysis of large electronic datasets for the study of human culture) in order to study the use of the names of various universities in the digi- tized corpus of English books. In particular, we used the Google Ngram viewer (available online: http://books.google.com/ngrams) to produce the frequencies of the names of 13 US, 5 UK and 4 Canadian universities in the English books and examined how these frequencies changed with time (1800 to 2008). We further used these frequencies to establish reputation rankings for these universities. Our results showed that Ngram is an easy-and-cheap-to-apply tool to approximate the reputation and 'intellectual' impact of universities over long time periods. Its reputation- generating capability, at least for top universities, is not worse than the within- and between- system capabilities of commercial tools (i.e. QS, THE and THE World Reputation Rankings). Ngram can, thus, be promising at least for students (and their families), who make choices that are affected by rankings, providing them with additional benefits (e.g. perception of the historical impact of a university) when compared to the short-term, volatile annual commercial rankings.
Illumination Inconsistency Sleuthing for Exposing Fauxtography and Uncovering Composition Telltales in Digital Images

Think about how capture device’s technology is improved day after day. Add to this condition that digital image manipulation tools are increasingly powerful and simple to use. Finally, when a malicious user is added at this equation, the result is an astonishing number of digital images forgeries spread out in the internet as fast as possible. This work present four different methods to fight against image splicing, an special kind of image forgery. Each one of the methods, present significant contributions to state of the art.
Influences of genotype and location interactions on oil, fatty acids and agronomical properties of groundnuts

An enhanced adaptation to specific environmental conditions could provide higher seed quality and quantity from groundnuts. In this investigation, nine groundnut genotypes and two controls were evaluated for morphological and oil traits in two different Mediterranean locations. The traits of shelling percentage and pod yield indicated significant differences among the genotypes. The highest pod yield was observed for ACG 154 from the subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea and ACG 107 from the subsp. fastigiata var. vulgaris in the locations of Adana and Antalya, respectively. The genotype ACG 154 also had about 60 g of 100-seed weight, which is desirable for commercial production as a Runner commercial type. Significant differences were recorded for oil yield, palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids in both locations among the genotypes studied. The groundnut genotypes were further evaluated with allele-specific PCR markers for possible SNP mutations in the ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B genes for high-oleic mutants. ACG 14, ACG 154 and ACG 156 had the mutant ahFAD2A allele, while no ahFAD2B allele mutation was found. The statistical model GGE bi-plot was used to identify the ideal and representative location for each genotype according to pod yield performance. The genotypes ACG 107 and ACG 116 presented the highest oil yield and were relatively stable across locations. Therefore, they should be evaluated as candidates for cultivar releases in the two studied climatic areas. In addition, the selected desirable genotypes in this study can be used as parents in hybridization programs to develop populations for future releases.
An interface problem for a Sierpinski and a Vicsek fractal

We suggest a flexible way to study the self‐similar interface of two different fractals. In contrast to previous methods the participating energies are modified in the neighborhood of the intersection of the fractals. In the example of the Vicsek snowflake and the 3‐gasket, a variant of the Sierpinski gasket, we calculate the admissible transition constants via the “Short‐cut Test”. The resulting range of values is reinterpreted in terms of traces of Lipschitz spaces on the intersection. This allows us to describe the interface effects of different transition constants and indicates the techniques necessary to generalize the present interface results. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
UM NOVO RH? - AVALIANDO A ATUAÇÃO E O PAPEL DA ÁREA DE RH EM ORGANIZAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS

This article discusses the strategic role of HRM departments based on perceptions of a nonprobabilistic sample of 445 managers and clerical workers performing in different organizations and functional areas, also including HRM professionals themselves. A literature review dealing with new roles and approaches for the HRM department performance is presented, as well as the preliminary results of a descriptive research conducted in different Brazilian major cities with a concentration in the city of Sao Paulo. Results showed a significant gap between theoretical developments aimed at an effective performance of HRM departments and current practices. Thus, this study shows that HRM departments are perceived as effective while performing their operational activities but yet are not able to make the qualitative leap towards a strategic role within the organizations where they exist. So, the challenge of transforming the HRM function in Brazilian organizations despite all new available trends in people management still remains.
An Uncouth Approach to Language Recursivity

A simple-minded view is presented here on the problem of the origin of language, which dismisses any relation with hitherto unobserved specific language microcircuits in the cortex as well as with gross connectional hierarchies which are seen also in other mammals. In this view, language arises out of a capacity for spontaneous latching dynamics, which emerges when the connectivity of an extensive cortical network, which need not be hierarchical, crosses a critical phase-transition threshold.
The development and origins of vertebrate meninges

Meninges comprise three distinct layers, the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater that surround the brain, spinal cord and some parts of the nerves. Traditionally the meninges were believed to serve only as protection for tissues that they encase. However recent work shows they have other important functions related to development and regulation of the nervous system. Given the importance of the meninges, it is surprising that we know very little about their development. The embryological origin of the meninges has been debated for over a hundred years. Some studies imply that the meninges develop from the neural crest, while others suggest that they come from the somites. Here, we investigated the temporal development of meninges in birds and mice and found they form at comparable stages. We investigated the origin of avian spinal meninges using chick/quail cell tracing protocols and found they do not develop from the somites as previously thought. We propose that meningeal epithelial blood vessels may have been mistaken as meninges and led to an erroneous conclusion by previous investigators. We present data that show that avian spinal meninges originated from the neural crest supported by data demonstrating that they express the neural crest marker HNK1. Finally using the Wnt1-Cre mouse we show that trunk meninges of mammals also originate from neural crest.
Evaluation of bitter apple (Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad) as potential rootstock for watermelon

Selecting appropriate rootstocks in grafting is an important aspect to increase yield and fruit quality of vegetables. Interspecific hybrids and gourd are the most frequently used rootstocks for watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) grafting. However, other Citrullus species such as bitter apple (Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad) have not been completely exploited and can be a source of interesting traits. The present study aimed to evaluate bitter apple as potential rootstock for watermelon (cv. Crimson Sweet) in comparison to the commercial rootstock Shintosa (Cucurbita maxima Duch. × Cucurbita moschata Duch.), and non-grafted plants. An experimental design of Randomized Complete Blocks was applied with treatments replicated three times. Grafted and non-grafted watermelon plants were compared in terms of yield, yield components, morphometric and textural characteristics, sweetness, acidity and mineral composition. The effect of Shintosa rootstock on total yield and mean fruit weight resulted in 20.2% and 14.0% increase over the non-grafted and Crimson Sweet/bitter apple combination, respectively. Flesh firmness and fruit mineral composition (Ca, P and Zn) increased by grafting Crimson Sweet on Shintosa over the other grafting combinations. The most valued fruit quality traits for consumer satisfaction: fruit dry matter (DM) and total soluble solids (TSS) were significantly higher with bitter apple rootstock. The fruit DM and TSS contents recorded for Crimson Sweet grafted on bitter apple were significantly higher than those grafted on Shintosa by 11.7% and 8.4%, respectively. Though grafting watermelon on bitter apple slightly decreased yield characteristics than Shintosa, on the other hand it improved flavor compounds with no serious detrimental effects on other quality attributes, thus it could be proposed as potential germplasm for watermelon rootstock breeding.
Evaluation Criteria for Computational Quran Search

This paper reviews search tools constructed for Information Retrieval from the Holy Quran. This paper evaluates these different search tools against 13 criteria depending on: search features, output features, precision of the retrieved verses, recall database size and types of database contents. Based on this survey, we conclude that most of the existing Quran search tools still cannot solve the problem of ambiguity in the retrieved results because these tools use traditional query analysis and make limited usage of Quran ontologies.
On the amount of counterpart assistance to be provided after natural disasters: from the perspective of indirect economic loss assessment

ABSTRACT China’s counterpart assistance policy is of vital importance in providing guidance for emergency management and post-disaster reconstruction. However, the amount of assistance that partner provinces should provide as well as the criteria that partners should abide by in offering counterpart assistance remain a main challenge. The goal of this research is to fill this gap by proposing a new framework consisting of an interregional input–output (IRIO) model and a resilience index. Subsequently, the indirect economic loss is obtained by utilizing the index system of provincial economic resilience assessments, with measures of indirect economic loss developed from the IRIO. Furthermore, to examine the internal validity and systematic error, the reliability of the adopted models, the calculation methods, and the index systems are investigated. To assess the external validity of the proposed measures and resilience index of the framework, data from the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake are applied for estimating parameter values of the framework, and a follow-up investigation was conducted for examining the fairness and enhanced effectiveness of the new counterpart assistance criteria. In summary, this paper attempts to present some new ideas about the analysis of economic motivations of mutual aid and the improvement of the counterpart assistance policy.
Changing cyclones and surface wind speeds over the North Atlantic and Europe in a transient GHG experiment

A 240 yr run of the ECHAM4/OPYC3 coupled ocean-atmosphere model with transient greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing according to the IPCC IS92a scenario is examined with respect to sim- ulated changes in boreal winter cyclone activity and 10 m wind speeds over Europe, the North Atlantic and Eastern North America. It is found that simulated cyclone activity undergoes a pronounced north- and eastward shift over Europe and the Northeast Atlantic. This shift is accompanied by a decrease in the number of weak cyclones and an increase in deep cyclones (with core pressures below 970 hPa) in this area. The cyclone signal corresponds to the changes in storm track activity and upper-tropospheric baroclinicity. Increases of mean wind speeds and of wind speed extremes are identified over Northern Europe and parts of the East Atlantic. The wind signal is due to an increase in wind speed variability and an intensification of the westerly mean current connected with an enhanced mean pressure gradi- ent. It is shown that the rising number of extreme wind events in the GHG simulation is connected to the augmented occurrence of deep cyclones over Northern Europe and the adjacent ocean areas. There are also strong wind speed increases over Hudson Bay and the Greenland Sea. They are restricted to the planetary boundary layer and appear to be connected to the reduction in winter mean sea-ice cover, which leads to locally decreased static stability and —over the Greenland Sea —also to a reduction in surface roughness.
Chloroform fumigation-extraction labile C pool (microbial biomass C "plus") shows high correlation to microbial biomass C in Argentinian and Brazilian soils

Chloroform fumigation-incubation and chloroform fumigation-extraction approaches have significantly contributed to assess soil microbial biomass. Some controversy is found in the literature about the suggestion to calculate microbial biomass carbon (MBC) without the subtraction of the un-fumigated control, in opposition to the originally proposed method that requires such subtraction. Some authors consider the non-subtraction proceeding as a more robust method. Nevertheless, values obtained without subtraction of a control include other labile organic fractions of soil carbon besides microbial biomass. Therefore, due to the usefulness of this measurement we consider more appropriate to call it as chloroform-fumigation labile C pool or microbial biomass carbon "plus" (MBC PLUS). We used a vast series of data from soils of Argentina and Brazil under different management situations to verify whether MBC correlates to MBC PLUS. There was a significant statistical correlation between values of MBC obtained by fumigation-extraction method and the corresponding MBC PLUS. The MBC PLUS performed as well as MBC as an indicator to differentiate soil managements and their impact on soil quality.
Cohomology in 3 DMagneto-Quasistatics Modeling

Electromagnetic modeling provides an interesting context to present a link between physical phenomena and homology and cohomology theories. Over the past twenty-five years, a considerable effort has been invested by the computational electromagnetics community to develop fast and general techniques for defining potentials. When magneto-quasi-static discrete formulations based on magnetic scalar potential are employed in problems which involve conductive regions with holes, cuts are needed to make the boundary value problem well defined. While an intimate connection with homology theory has been quickly recognized, heuristic definitions of cuts are surprisingly still dominant in the literature. The aim of this paper is first to survey several definitions of cuts together with their shortcomings. Then, cuts are defined as generators of the first cohomology group over integers of a finite CW-complex. This provably general definition has also the virtue of providing an automatic, general and efficient algorithm for the computation of cuts. Some counter-examples show that heuristic definitions of cuts should be abandoned. The use of cohomology theory is not an option but the invaluable tool expressly needed to solve this problem. AMS subject classifications: 55M05, 55N33, 55N99, 78M10, 78M25
Exchange Regime Choice with Multinomial Panel Data: Case of the North Africa Countries

The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of exchange regime choice for North Africa Region. The target is to provide an empirical framework suitable for describe and determine the factors having a significant influence on the development of the choice of the regime of exchange. The empirical approach is based on a model of multinomial probit with panel data. The choice of this new approach is justified by the need for collecting the dynamics of the choice of exchange regime, without having recourse to an orthodoxy design (binomial), and by collecting individual heterogeneity between the various countries of the panel. The results obtained affirm that the financial development, the economic growth and monetary creation constitute the principal determinants of exchange regime. Other variables are also significant; it acts in particular of the level of the foreign debt, the inflation and the rate of opening. As, the results affirm as the fixed regimes of countries of the panel are largely explained by the dependence to external flows and of the importance of monetary reserves in the design of exchange and monetary policies. Being dependent on the exogenous creation of the currency, the worldwide choose a fixed regime of exchange by drawing more and more interventionism on the level of the exchange market.
Heme b in marine phytoplankton and particulate material from the North Atlantic Ocean

Concentrations of heme b, the ironcontaining prosthetic group of many hemoproteins, were measured in 6 species of marine phytoplankton (Dunaliella tertiolecta, Emiliania huxleyi, Thalassio - sira weissflogii, T. oceanica, Phaeodactylum tricor - nutum and Synechococcus sp. WH7803) that were subjected to variations in iron concentration. Changes in heme b in response to reduced light and nitrate were also ex amined for E. huxleyi and T. oceanica. Results from laboratory cultures were compared with heme b determined in particulate material in the North Atlantic. In cultures, heme b made up 18 ± 14% (SE) of the total iron pool. Reduced iron and nitrate concentrations resulted in a decreased intracellular heme b concentration, expressed as per mole carbon. Chlorophyll a (chl a) to heme b ratios in E. huxleyi and D. tertiolecta in creased in response to limited light and nutrient availability, but slightly decreased or did not change in the diatoms and the cyanophyte Synechococcus sp. WH7803. The heme b:particulate organic carbon (POC) and chl a:heme b ratios in the North Atlantic were within the range observed in phytoplankton cultures. In the surface mixed layer, decreases in heme b:POC ratios were linked to decreases in nutrient concentrations. Chl a:heme b ratios increased with depth and were thus primarily affected by light availability. Relative relationships between heme b, chl a and POC in the North Atlantic likely represented a change in the ability of cells to undertake cellular processes driven by chl a (light harvesting) and heme b (e.g. electron transport) according to ambient light and nutrient conditions.