Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breed discrimination using DNA markers derived from AFLP in Japanese beef cattle

In the meat industry, correct breed information in food labeling is required to assure meat quality. Genetic markers provide corroborating evidence to identify breed. This paper describes the development of DNA markers to discriminate between Japanese Black and Fl (Japanese BlackxHolstein) breeds. The amplified fragment length polymorphism method was employed to detect candidate markers absent in Japanese Black but present in Holstein. The 1,754 primer combinations yielded eleven markers that were converted into single nucleotide polymorphism markers for high-throughput genotyping. The allele frequencies in both breeds were investigated for discrimination ability using PCR-RFLP. The probability of identifying Fl was 0.9168 and probability of misjudgment was 0.0066 using four selected markers. The markers could be useful for discriminating between Japanese Black and Fl and would contribute to the prevention of falsified breed labeling of meat.
Produção de gado de corte e acúmulo de matéria seca em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária em presença e ausência de trevo branco e nitrogênio

The research was carried out to verify the influence of the nitrogen input in an Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorium L.) and oat (Avena strigosa Scherb) pasture, in presence and absence of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), checked by the dry matter accumulation, dry matter yield, average daily gain, liveweight gain and stocking rate a crop-pasture rotation system, on no tillage system. Soybean (Glycine Max L.) was cultivated before the grass. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with split-plot model and three replications. In the plots, four nitrogen levels were tested (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg.ha -1 ) and in the split-plot model, the presence and absence of white clover. Increasing nitrogen levels increased in a cresecent linear way the dry matter accumulation and dry matter yield. The stocking rate and liveweight gain per hectare of bovine increased, as the nitrogen levels increased. The results showed the effect of nitrogen input on the daily accumulation rate, dry matter yield, stocking rate and liveweight gain.
CLOUD IMPLEMENTATION IN EMERGING MARKET BANKS: THE IMPORTANCE OF SERVICE QUALITY

Cloud computing is emerging as key a technology platform for banking operations globally. In Asia, the progress of cloud application is relatively slow. This paper considers the major factors which influence a bank’s decision to contract with a technology service provider to implement a cloud based strategy. This research study identifies the trends in applying cloud computing in global banking with a focus on banks in Thailand. It will analyze the criteria IT executives in banks use to decide on the selection of technology service providers. Banks require the service provider to meet specific requirements for a cloud implementation project in a bank. A survey approach was used to identify the important criteria IT executives in banks use to select an IT technology provider for cloud applications. The sample included 367 bank IT executives and professionals in Thai and international banks based in Bangkok. SEM was used to analyze the data. Interviews were conducted with 21 IT executives for insights into their decision criteria. Service quality which is based on the conventional SERVQUAL indicators strongly influence the decision to choose a technology service provider. This selection is also influenced by the capability of service provider, their technical capability and the cloud application features. There are few studies in the literature on the decision criteria that banks use to select a provider for cloud computing application.
KONSUMSI DAN PRODUKSI MUSIK DIGITAL PADA ERA INDUSTRI KREATIF

The development of technology makes new practices in consuming music in the digital age. Music fans and connoisseurs are facilitated in accessing music every day, this is not spared from the large role of digitalization, so that music lovers can access their music anywhere. Consumption of digital music has made music producers look for new ways of producing music, which used to be done analogously to digital, where the direction of sales changed from what is usually done by retail stores changed to digital markets. With changing production and consumption patterns, several companies have provided a medium for publication and consuming music to appreciate these musicians and avoid piracy. Medium (Platform) that is used in the same way as digital music stores, by subscribing to listen to all the music in the company's database. The ease of production and consumption of music can be accessed on several platforms such as Spotify, Joox, and Apple Music. The method used in this paper is a desk review by collecting secondary data from various scientific sources, such as: journal articles, websites, and a collection of reports on music in the digital age.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE ANDROMONOECIOUS SHRUB TREVOA QUINQUENERVIA (RHAMNACEAE)

Abstract Various aspects of the reproductive biology of the andromonoecious shrub Trevoa quinquenervia Gill. & Hook. were studied in a population located in central Chile. Flowering extends from mid August to the end of December. The small, white, entomophilous flowers are incompletely protandrous and last c . 5 days. A weak, pleasant odour along with nectar and pollen attracts 17 diurnal insect species, seven of which are probable pollinators: these include Diptera (Syrphidae and Bombyliidae), Hymenoptera (Apidae and Colletidae) and Coleoptera (Melyridae). Besides perfect flowers T. quinquenervia individuals possess c . 10% staminate flowers, which are lighter, seem to be shorter-lived, and show a smaller gynoecium with abnormal ovules. Reproduction is exclusively sexual and apparently xenogamous, with pollen transfer depending on insect vectors. Although flower morphology and individual flower phenology do not fully prevent self-pollination (and geitonogamy can easily take place) the level of autogamy is low. Therefore, some self-incompatibility mechanism seems operative in this species. Fruit set of open-pollinated flowers is 6.6%, and ripe fruits contain on average 0.66 viable seeds. Predispersal (maternal) reproductive success (percent ovules becoming viable seeds) is 1.45%. For medium to full-sized individuals this corresponds to c . 2600 to 8600 potential offspring per year. Beyond the production of male flowers, four other aspects of the species» reproductive biology seem directed to enhance pollen export, partly implying increased male allocation: (a) a high pollen:ovule ratio, (b) protection of anthers against pollen-robbing by means of the cucullate petals, (c) secondary pollen presentation in a hairy barrier located above the nectary, and (d) a reduction in female allocation achieved by the regular abortion of two out of the three ovules in each ovary, thus producing a mostly one-seeded fruit provided with a thin, energy-poor pericarp. It is proposed that the advantages of enhanced pollen flow for a self-incompatible organism, which is moreover structured in isolated populations, might explain the increased male effort, including the joint evolution of andromonoecy and one-seededness.
The Respiratory Metabolism and Swimming Performance of Young Sockeye Salmon

The rate of oxygen consumption in young sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) was determined for various swimming speeds, including fatigue levels, at temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 24 °C. A logarithmic increase in oxygen demand with increase in swimming speed characterized each acclimation temperature. Extrapolation to zero activity (standard metabolism) and maximum activity (active metabolism) provided differences of the order of 10 to 12 times the minimum rate.The greatest scope for activity occurred at 15 °C with an average active metabolic rate of 895 mg O2/kg/hr for a swimming speed of 4.1 body lengths per second, just maintained for 1 hr. Above 15 °C active metabolism was limited, apparently by oxygen availability.Rate of replacement of oxygen debt following fatigue was determined by tracing the return to a resting state of metabolism, and confirmed by re-tests at fatigue velocities. In most instances the rate declined logarithmically with time; in some there was an initial or secondary slump. Ti.
Niche Separation and Assembly in Four Species of Sonoran Desert Rodents

Current ecological theory predicts limits to the closeness of species packing. Increased competition from more competitors should result in greater average niche separation. This idea was tested for locally sympatric heteromyid rodents in part of the Sonoran Desert of Arizona, and the predictions were verified. As a consequence of diffuse competition, niche separation increases with species diversity, and rodent species show separation on both niche dimensions quantified in this study (seed-size collection and habitat utilization). However, when local diversity is low (Dipodomys merriami-Perognathus penicillatus), rodents are very similar in their overall utilization of both dimensions. As diversity increases, first seed-size differences then subsequently both seed-size and habitat differences are apparent. Therefore, the pattern of niche separation and diversity demonstrates niche dimensionality in this fauna. The pattern of niche separation and diversity also accounts for the occurrence of specific combinations of species (local assemblies). Of all possible pairs and triplets of species that can be constructed by computing niche separation, the observed assemblies are those showing minimum separation and hence maximum utilization of resource space. Imaginary assemblies are undersaturated. Compatibility of species does not appear to be important in determining the species composition of these heteromyid rodent assemblies.
The macroecology of Australian frogs

1. The Australian continent provides an important test of macroecological patterns given its unique biota and long-term geographical isolation. However, macro ecological contributions from the Australian continent are rare. We explored the relationship between abundance and geographical range for Australian frogs (Order Anura) across complete geographical ranges, and investigated how adult body size relates to both abundance and the size of geographical ranges. 2. Our analyses followed two complementary paths. First, we employed cross-species correlations at a number of taxonomic levels to analyse present-day ecological associations among the macroecological variables. Secondly, we tested whether there were correlated evolutionary divergences among the variables by use of the phylogenetic regression. In the event, cross-species patterns and correlated divergence patterns proved quite similar for this dataset. 3. For Australian frogs there is a strong, significant positive correlation between abundance and geographical range, that is not mediated through body size, and that is found for both cross-species correlations and as correlated evolutionary divergences. Among biological mechanisms that have been proposed, some can be rejected. Feasible explanations would invoke resource use or intrinsic rates of increase or both. 4. There is also a significant positive correlation between adult body size and geographical range. We were able to discard four of the five proposed mechanisms describing this relationship. The remaining mechanism relates to homeostasis and environmental variability. 5. Previous studies of the relationship between adult body size and abundance have revealed a strong negative correlation when studies are performed over areas that encompass most or all of the geographical ranges of the species in question. Contrary to these studies, a negative relationship was not found for Australian frogs. None of the eight explanations postulated from other studies can account for this discrepancy, leading to the conclusion that Australian frogs provide a contrast to macroecological patterns prevailing elsewhere. 6. Body size could not explain directly the relationship between abundance and geographical range. While there was a significant positive correlation between body size and geographical range, there was no relationship between body size and abundance. If a mechanism incorporating the intrinsic rates of increase of species is to explain the positive relationship between abundance and geographical range, then ecological factors other than body size must be determining differences in intrinsic rates of increase.
Plant Variety Protection in Developing Countries

Abstract Many developing countries are currently engaged in designing and implementing plant variety protection systems. Encouraging private investment in plant breeding is the key rationale for extending intellectual property rights to plant varieties. However, the design of plant variety protection systems in developing countries has been dominated by concerns regarding the inequities of a plant variety protection system, especially the imbalance in the reward structure between plant breeders and farmers. The private seed industry, a key stakeholder in plant variety protection, appears to be playing only a peripheral role in the design of the intellectual property rights regime. This paper explores the potential response of the private seed industry in India to plant variety protection legislation based on a survey of major plant breeding companies. The survey finds that the private seed industry in India is generally unenthusiastic about the legislation and plant variety protection is likely to have only a very limited impact on their research profile and expenditures on plant breeding. Measures designed to curb the ‘excessive’ profits of breeders, farmers' rights provisions and poor prospects for enforcement of rights are seen to be seriously diluting breeders' rights, leaving few incentives for innovation. If the fundamental objective of plant variety protection is to stimulate private investment in plant breeding, then developing countries need to seriously address the question of improving appropriability of returns from investment.
Screening Cassava for Low Cyanide Using an Enzymatic Assay

SUMMARY The cyanide contents were determined quantitatively of the peeled roots of 108 cassava clones, which had been previously selected as low-cyanide by the picrate leaf-test, and compared with the qualitative picrate leaf-test scores used for rapid screening. The correlation coefficient between root tuber cyanide content (dry weight basis) and leaf-test score was r = 0·36 (P < 0·01). The picrate leaf-test, while useful for screening large numbers of clones in early stages of breeding, needs augmenting by more accurate methods. There was no significant correlation between root cyanide content and dry root yield (r = 0·18). The cyanide content varied considerably between roots of the same plant; and plants of the same cultivar grown under the same conditions. Possible improvements in the effectiveness of the cyanide screening procedure are discussed.
Inclusive Education for Children with Intellectual Disability (ID) in Ghana

Inclusive education in Ghana is in its infancy. Due to the wide array of challenges that may be encountered in the effort to implement inclusive education, programs are needed that involve a cross-section of professionals including social workers. In this study, in-depth face-to-face interviews were used to collect data from 15 educators and social workers about the challenges associated with inclusive education for children with intellectual disability (ID) in Ghana and the implications that these challenges have for social work practice in the education system. Some key roles that social workers can play in inclusive education in Ghana include intensifying public awareness to curb misconceptions about IDs, and serving as liaisons between the school, home, and community. A system is needed that fosters effective collaboration between educators and social workers to enhance educational outcomes for children with ID in inclusive school settings in Ghana.
A natural history of web decorations in the St Andrew’s Cross spider (Argiope keyserlingi)

A long-running debate in the spider literature concerns the function of the extra silk decorations in some spider webs. These decorations are appended to the web and constitute a highly visible signal, which is inconsistent with the trend towards web invisibility. Despite the sustained attention of researchers, the exact function of these decorations is yet to be understood. While most studies have focussed on testing particular hypotheses, there has been a dearth of natural history data regarding web decorations in field conditions. In this study we present baseline data regarding the influence of seasonality, microhabitat characteristics and ecology on the presence of web decorations in an Australian orb web spider, Argiope keyserlingi. In particular, we show that there is preference among spiders to build their webs between bushes and to face the south-east, but this preference does not influence decoration building.
TAXONOMIC STATUS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN TERRESTRIAL ISOPOD, PORCELLIO LAMELLATUS BUDDE-LUND, 1885 AS INFERRED FROM GENETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION (ISOPODA, ONISCIDEA)

The differentiation of numerous populations of Porcellio lamellatus Budde-Lund, 1885 (Isopoda,Oniscidea) in Sicily, Sicily-surrounding islands, Tunisia, and Portugal was studied from a morphological point of view as well as by using two molecular approaches: Multi-Locus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, in order to assess the status of some taxa attributed to Porcellio lamellatus. The morphological study showed that the characters used to define the various taxa in the literature are often found within the same population, which also appeared to include intermediate forms. The analysis of both the DNA polymorphisms and the electrophoretic mobility of the proteins did not produce genetically significant distances between the various populations studied, not even among those that have extreme variations in morphological characters. E' stato studiato il differenziamento di numerose popolazioni di Porcellio lamellatus Budde-Lund, 1885 (Isopoda, Oniscidea) di Sicilia, isole circum-siciliane, Tunisia e Portogallo, dal punto di vista morfologico ed utilizzando due approcci molecolari: Multi-Locus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) e Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), per verificare il significato di alcuni taxa attribuiti a Porcellio lamellatus. Lo studio della morfologia ha mostrato che i caratteri utilizzati per definire i numerosi taxa sono spesso rinvenuti all'interno della medesima popolazione che inoltre sembra includere forme intermedie. L'analisi dei polimorfismi del DNA e della mobilita elettroforetica delle proteine non ha prodotto distanze geneticamente rilevanti tra le varie popolazioni studiate, neanche tra quelle che presentano variazioni estreme a livello dei caratteri morfologici. E' stato studiato il differenziamento di numerose popolazioni di Porcellio lamellatus BuddeLund, 1885 (Isopoda, Oniscidea) di Sicilia, isole circum-siciliane, Tunisia e Portogallo, dal punto di vista morfologico ed utilizzando due approcci molecolari: Multi-Locus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) e Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), per verificare il significato di alcuni taxa attribuiti a Porcellio lamellatus. Lo studio della morfologia ha mostrato che i caratteri utilizzati per definire i numerosi taxa sono spesso rinvenuti all'interno della medesima popolazione che inoltre sembra includere forme intermedie. L'analisi dei polimorfismi del DNA e della mobilita elettroforetica delle proteine non ha prodotto distanze geneticamente rilevanti tra le varie popolazioni studiate, neanche tra quelle che presentano variazioni estreme a livello dei caratteri morfologici.
Influence of Hot-Carriers on the On-State Resistance in Si and GaAs Photoconductive Semiconductor Switches Working at Long Pulse Width

We demonstrate that the transport of hot carriers may result in the phenomenon where an oscillated output current appears at the waveforms in a high-power photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) working at long pulse width when the laser disappears or the electric field changes. The variational laser and electric field will affect the scattering rates of hot carriers and crystal lattice in high-power PCSS, and the drift velocity of hot carriers and also the on-state resistance will be changed. The present result is important for reducing the on-state resistance and improving the output characteristics of high-power Si/GaAs PCSS.
Arabidopsis chimeric TCP3 repressor produces novel floral traits in Torenia fournieri and Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chimeric REpressor gene-Silencing Technology (CRES-T) is a powerful gene-silencing tool to analyze the function of Arabidopsis transcription factors. To investigate whether CRES-T is also applicable to horticultural plants inadequate for genetic engineering because of their limited molecular biological characterization and polyploidy, we applied CRES-T to torenia and the hexaploid chrysanthemum and produced their transgenic plants expressing the chimeric repressor derived from the Arabidopsis TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF family transcription factor 3 (TCP3) fused with a plant-specific transcriptional repression domain named SRDX, consisting of 12 amino acids originated from the EAR-motif (TCP3-SRDX). Transgenic torenia and chrysanthemum expressing TCP3-SRDX exhibited fringed leaves and short pistils, while those expressing TCP3 fused with either the mutated repression domain (TCP3-mSRDX) or the overexpressor of TCP3 (TCP3-ox) did not exhibit phenotypic changes. In addition to fringed leaves, TCP3-SRDX transgenic torenia plants exhibited petals with fringed margins, distinctive color patterns, and reduced anthocyanin accumulation. In TCP3-SRDX transgenic chrysanthemum plants, floral organ development was suppressed as compared with the wild type. These results indicate that the Arabidopsis-derived TCP3-SRDX induced morphological changes in transgenic torenia and chrysanthemum although the observed phenotypes partially differ from each other. CRES-T may function in various plant species including polyploid species and modify their biological characteristics.
Long-Term Water Quality Monitoring at an Industrial Site on the Northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea

The present study focuses on seawater samples collected monthly, for 12 years (June 1998 to December 2010), within the framework of the sustainable monitoring program in front of the Industrial Complex (IC) Aqaba Jordan. In situ measurements of temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen have been recorded, for three different depths, at six different stations. Also, samples have been collected and analyzed for inorganic nutrients, fluoride and sulfate. The data collected, when compared with the offshore waters, showed the dominance of natural Aqaba seawater conditions for most variables throughout the year. Phosphate concentrations were slightly higher in some sampling events. This, however, did not exert any considerable effect on the environmental quality of the seawater, mainly because anthropogenic phosphate reaching the sea does with the help of the wind in very limited amounts and insoluble form. Also, phosphate is not the primary productivity limiting nutrient in the waters of the Gulf of Aqaba.