Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tablet identification using support vector machine based text recognition and error correction by enhanced n-grams algorithm

Unidentified and/or misidentified tablets always present challenges to both patients and health care professionals alike. Consumption of these misidentified tablets often results in adverse drug reaction and sometimes may even cause ill health leading to death. Thus, identification of unknown tablets is an important task in the medical industry. This study proposes an algorithm that uses the text imprinted on the tablet images to identify unknown images. Text imprinted on pills often contains important information that can be used to identify tablets. In this study, multiple feature sets were extracted from tablet images. The proposed work first identifies the text region, from which the text is recognised using support vector machine classifier. A post processing algorithm based on the confusion model combined with n-grams is used to correct the substitution, insertion and deletion errors in the text recognised. Finally, the corrected text is matched with a template tablet database to identify similar tablets. Experimental results showed that the proposed system is efficient with respect to accuracy and can be safely used by both common public and health care professionals to identify tablets.
A retrospective study of management of diabetic foot ulcer in tertiary care hospital in North Karnataka

Background: Foot ulcers and amputations are a major cause of morbidity as well as emotional and physical disability for people with diabetes. A cumulative life time incidence of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is as high as fifteen percent making it a leading cause of non-traumatic amputations worldwide. The objective of the study was to assess the outcome of diabetic foot ulcer based on Meggitt-Wagner classification system. Methods: It was a retrospective review of 130 patients with diabetic foot ulcer managed at a tertiary care teaching hospital from January 2010-August 2016 in Bagalkot, North Karnataka, India. Results: In this study most of the patients were in the age group of 51-60 years, most of them being male 85%, 49.23% of patients with ulcers were over the plantar aspect of the foot and 40% of ulcers were Grade 2. 11.53% of patients required disarticulation of toes. 3.07% of patients required below knee amputation and 2.30% of patients require above knee amputations. 42.30% of the patients had peripheral neuropathy and 12.30% of the patients had associated peripheral arterial disease. Conclusions: Even though Meggitt-Wagner classification system is considered Gold Standard it has many disadvantages. The neuropathic changes, charcoats osteoarthropathy and associated vascular pathology has not taken into consideration, hence the outcome of the ulcer cannot be predicted.
A phase I, first-in-human dose study of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor LY3023414 (LY) in patients (pts) with advanced cancer.

11075 Background: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is dysregulated in many malignant diseases. LY3023414 (LY) is an oral ATP competitive inhibitor of the class I PI3K isoforms, mTOR and DNA-PK. Based on preclinical results, we investigated LY in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: In this 3+3 dose escalation phase I study, patients with solid tumors refractory to standard therapies received LY once daily (QD) or twice daily (BID). The primary objective was to determine a recommended phase II dose (RPTD). Additional objectives were to assess LY dosing safety, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles, drug-drug interaction with midazolam, and to document anecdotal antitumor activity. Results: As of September 2014, 47 pts have received LY either QD (at 20, 40, 80, 150, 225, 325, 450 mg) or BID (at 150, 200, 250 mg). Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) have been observed for LY QD only at 450 mg and consisted of grade [G] 4 thrombocytopenia, G.
Students With Specific Difficulties in Geometry: Exploring the TIMSS 2011 Data With Plausible Values and Latent Profile Analysis

This study analyzed the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2011 data on fourth-grade U.S. students’ mathematics performance to answer four research questions: (a) How did U.S. students’ geometry performance compare with their performance on the other mathematics subscales? (b) What were the patterns of student achievement among the mathematics subscales? (c) Was there a group of students who demonstrated specific difficulties in geometry only? and (d) Which demographic variables contributed to students’ classification in the group with geometry difficulties? We found that (a) U.S. students’ performance was poorer on the Geometry subscale than on other mathematics subscales; (b) using latent profile modeling, we identified a group of students with the lowest scores across all three mathematics subscales who showed a significant discrepancy between Geometry and the other subscales that did not exist within the high-achieving and average-achieving groups; and (c) gender, age, home language, race, and preference for mathematics and science significantly influenced the probability of being classified in the group with the lowest performance and the largest gap between Geometry and other mathematics subscales. Implications for educational theory and practice are discussed.
Revisiting the Concept of Stability in the General Theory of Crime

The general theory proposes that self-control exerts a relatively stable effect on behaviors across the life course. Most studies have examined the stability of self-control itself, rather than whether it leads to persistent patterns of offending that differ between low and high self-control groups. This article examines this alternative idea of stability by tracing patterns of offending over time. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth—Child and Young Adult Data, we find that the level of childhood self-control predicts deviance in every age group. The patterns of offending indicate there are stable differences, with low self-control leading to involvement in a greater range of deviant behavior at every age. The theoretical and policy implications of this stability are discussed.
Impact of Belt and Road Initiative on Asian Economies

Chinese President Jinping initiated one of China’s grandiose foreign policy initiatives in 2013. He emphasized on the reconstruction of Silk Road Economic Belt and a twenty-first century Maritime Silk Road (MSR), together referred as Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The BRI presents opportunity for trade, investment, and jobs between China and Asian economies that will support increasing consumption, infrastructure development, political associations, and sustainable development in many parts of the world. This article examines the BRI project and its growth, specifically from the Asian perspective. The study is an endeavor to identify the impact of BRI on the growth of Asian economies along the BRI route (corridors). For achieving this objective, data has been obtained from various websites and the time period considered is between 2009 and 2016. The panel data regression has been used with controllable macroeconomic variables. The results based on multiple models indicate a significant impact of BRI on the economic growth of Asian Economies. Other macroeconomic variables, such as imports, political stability, and corruption, also have a significant impact on the economic growth of the Asian economies.
An Exploration of the Psychological Indicators of Aspirin Adherence, in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease, using a Direct Assay Measurement.

Background-Although prescribed to approximately 90% of persons with cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is estimated that adherence to aspirin therapy is only approximately 70%. Established psychosocial predictors of adherence include patient beliefs about medicines and illness, depression and social support. However, no study has assessed these simultaneously to determine the best predictor of adherence when using an objective measure of aspirin adherence. Method-After ethical approval was received we surveyed 106 patients with cardiovascular disease from Beaumont Hospital who participated in a study of aspirin effectiveness in patients with stable coronary artery disease using a direct assay measurement (thromboxane B2). The following measures were used to assess the psychological predictors of adherence: Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire2 and ENRICHD Social Support Inventory. These were administered either by post or by interview to patients who were willing and able to consent for the current substudy. Data was amalgamated with the initial study and analysed to determine the best predictors of aspirin adherence. Results-There was a 56% response rate to the survey (n=106). The mean age was 63 years; 66% had an effective response and 34% had an ineffective response (defined as serum thromboxane B2 levels of greater than 2.2ng/ml). There was no significant correlation between psychological adherence predictors and thromboxane level or self-reported non-adherence. Conclusion-Although most psychological variables correlated significantly with each other as expected, no psychological variable was associated with thromboxane level or self-reported adherence. Patients who had higher weight and alcohol consumption were significantly more likely to be non-adherent as measured by thromboxane.
Multimediální výukové algortimy na portálu AKUTNE.CZ [ISSN1803-179X]

Rozsahlý internetový výukový portal AKUTNE.CZ se již od sveho pocatku orientuje na výuku akutni mediciny formou interaktivnich multimedialnich algoritmů a dalsich elektronicky publikovaných výukových materialů. Při vývoji portalu AKUTNE.CZ i samotných algoritmů využivame v maximalni možne miře volně dostupných technologii. Komunikacnim rozhranim mezi autory medicinských podkladů a programatory jsou formulaře ve formatu PDF s přesným popisem jednotlivých uzlů algoritmu, ze kterých jsou přimo tvořeny kompletni algoritmizacni stromy. Multimedialni podklady jsou snimany v realných ci simulovaných situacich videokamerou ci fotoaparatem. Stresovým faktorem algoritmu je stejně jako v realne situaci cas. Výsledkem tvorby multimedialnich algoritmů týkajicich se skutecných situaci u lůžka akutniho pacienta jsou vyvěsene algoritmy s tematy "Akutni astma" a "Management obtižne intubace". Aktualně vytvařime algoritmy s tematy "Pece o neurotrauma", "Kardipulmonalni resuscitace", "Akutni bolest" a "Polytrauma". Zarukou kvality a rozvoje algoritmů jsou dohled odborniků na akutni medicinu přislusných odbornosti a garanti jednotlivých kapitol portalu AKUTNE.CZ.
Design and Optimization of an Origami-Inspired Jumping Mechanism With Nonlinear Stiffness Properties

This research investigates the feasibility of utilizing origami folding techniques to create an optimized jumping mechanism. As a theoretical example, we study the dynamic characteristics of a jumping mechanism consisting of two masses connected by a Tachi-Miura Polyhedron (TMP) origami structure with nonlinear stiffness characteristics. We show how the desired “strain-softening” effects of the TMP structure can lead to design of jumping mechanisms with optimized performance. The kinematics of TMP origami structure is reviewed and a modified model of its reaction-force displacement curve is presented. We derive the equations of motion of the jumping process and use their numerical solutions extensively for design optimization. Through this process we are able to obtain optimum geometrical configurations for two different objectives: The maximum time spent in the air and the maximum clearance off the ground. Results of this study can lead to emergence of a new generation of more efficient jumping mechanisms with optimized performance in the future.
Natural selection influenced the genetic architecture of brain structure, behavioral and neuropsychiatric traits

Natural selection has shaped the phenotypic characteristics of human populations. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have elucidated contributions of thousands of common variants with small effects on an individual’s predisposition to complex traits (polygenicity), as well as wide-spread sharing of risk alleles across traits in the human phenome (pleiotropy). It remains unclear how the pervasive effects of natural selection influence polygenicity in brain-related traits. We investigate these effects by annotating the genome with measures of background (BGS) and positive selection, indications of Neanderthal introgression, measures of functional significance including loss-of-function (LoF) intolerant and genic regions, and genotype networks in 75 brain-related traits. Evidence of natural selection was determined using binary annotations of top 2%, 1%, and 0.5% of selection scores genome-wide. We detected enrichment (q<0.05) of SNP-heritability at loci with elevated BGS (7 phenotypes) and in genic (34 phenotypes) and LoF-intolerant regions (67 phenotypes). BGS (top 2%) significantly predicted effect size variance for trait-associated loci (σ2 parameter) in 75 brain-related traits (β=4.39×10−5, p=1.43×10−5, model r2=0.548). By including the number of DSM-5 diagnostic combinations per psychiatric disorder, we substantially improved model fit (σ2 ~ BTop2% × Genic × diagnostic combinations; model r2=0.661). We show that GWAS with larger variance in risk locus effect sizes are collectively predicted by the effects of loci under strong BGS and in regulatory regions of the genome. We further show that diagnostic complexity exacerbates this relationship and perhaps dampens the ability to detect psychiatric risk loci.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE BRAND COMMUNITIES: A PILOT STUDY

Social commerce is defined as a new wave of e-commerce in which traditional e-commerce is mediated by social media and social networking services in order to promote online transactions and shopping-related information exchanges. One of the main application of social commerce is ‘online brand communities’. Although utilization of social media in order to advance customer brand engagement has proliferated significantly in recent years, most of the companies have not met the expected level of engagement of their customers yet. Overall, the key factors that could explain customer engagement are not yet thoroughly identified. Therefore, the current study develops a conceptual customer engagement model that aims to explain customer engagement in online brand communities. Customer engagement in brand social media is related to interactions and communications with the brand and other customers. In this study, the antecedents and outcomes of customer engagement dimensions will be investigated. As different dimensions of engagement can be influenced by factors from different aspects, it is important to cover as many categories as possible. Therefore, the model includes various factor categories including social, brand related, self-oriented and contend related factors drawn from relevant literature. The research instrument was designed, and a pilot study was conducted with 75 participants to assure content validity and to test reliability. This paper contributes to understanding the factors influencing each dimension of customer engagement to brand communities.
Feeding ecology and population delineation of south‐eastern Atlantic and south‐western Indian Ocean humpback whales using stable isotope analysis

Funding information Royal Society Newton International Fellowship; Columbia University Abstract 1. Population delineation is vital for effectively managing and protecting populations of all at-risk species. Population boundaries of Southern Hemisphere humpback whales on their breeding and feeding grounds have not been fully resolved. A number of methods have been used to delineate breeding stocks of Southern Hemisphere humpbacks, but ecological characteristics determined via stable isotope analysis provide valuable information to contrast other data sources. 2. In this study, stable isotope analysis is used to investigate potential separation of humpback whale populations on Southern Hemisphere feeding grounds as evidenced by carbon and nitrogen isotope values in their skin as proxies of diet. 3. One hundred samples of whale skin obtained from biopsies in sampling localities off the coasts of Gabon, Mayotte (Mozambique Channel), and Madagascar were analysed for carbon (δC) and nitrogen (δN) stable isotope ratios. The results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean δN values for whales between the populations from Gabon and Madagascar (7.0 ± 0.1‰ and 7.6 ± 0.1‰), and Gabon and Mayotte (7.6 ± 0.1‰ and 7.2 ± 0.1‰), indicating that these breeding stocks are potentially visiting different areas of the feeding grounds outside of the breeding season. 4. The results from this study indicate that at least some breeding stocks may show fidelity to separate feeding areas and do not widely mix with individuals from other breeding stocks while feeding.
Central Bank Communication in Ghana: Insights from a Text Mining Analysis

Effective central bank communication is useful for anchoring market expectations and enhancing macroeconomic stability. In this paper, the communication strategy of the Bank of Ghana (BOG) is analysed using BOG’s monetary policy committee press releases for the period 2018-2019. Specifically, we apply text mining techniques to investigate the readability, sentiments and hidden topics of the policy documents. Our results provide evidence of increased central bank communication during the sample period, implying improved monetary policy transparency. Also, the computed Coleman and Liau (1975) readability index shows that the word and sentence structures of the press releases have become less complex, indicating increased readability. Furthermore, we find an average monetary policy net sentiment score of 3.9 per cent. This means that the monetary policy committee expressed positive sentiments regarding policy and macroeconomic outlooks during the period. Finally, the estimated topic model reveals that the topic proportion for “monetary policy and inflation” was prominent in the year 2018 while concerns regarding exchange rate were strong in 2019. The paper recommends that in order to enhance monetary policy communication, the Bank of Ghana should continue to improve on the readability of the monetary policy press releases.
Development and validation of a student-centred evaluation instrument for nursing teaching in China

ABSTRACT Student evaluations of teaching have considerable impact on teaching improvement. However, there is no reliable instrument that can reflect nursing students’ perspectives of teaching evaluations in China. To design a student-centred evaluation instrument of nursing teaching in China, we developed and psychometrically tested the Nursing Course Experience Questionnaire (NCEQ). A literature review, student focus group interviews, student group discussion, Delphi survey, and a pilot test were used to confirm the content of the questionnaire. The data from 581 nursing students were randomly divided into sample A (n = 283) for exploratory factor analysis and sample B (n = 298) for confirmatory factor analysis and questionnaire reliability assessment. The final version of the NCEQ included 31 items and 6 sub-scales. The Cronbach’s α was 0.968 for the whole questionnaire and >0.751 for the sub-scales, which indicated that the NCEQ was an effective instrument that can be employed to evaluate nursing students’ perspectives on teaching in China.
Software implementation details of the secure data communication protocols stack based on the dynamic network topology

Secure data communication protocols stack based on the dynamic network topology is a set of protocols designed for secure data communication over a network. It is based on the principles of moving target technology along with cryptography, avalanche routing and group broadcasting. The data transfer protocol implemented in the protocols stack allows to transfer data not only hiding the data itself, but also its sender and receiver. The paper covers the software implementation details of the secure data communication protocols stack.
Dicer- and BSC-dependent miRNAs during murine anagen development

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a major class of conserved non-coding RNAs that have a wide range of functions during development and disease. Biogenesis of canonical miRNAs depend on the cytoplasmic processing of pre-miRNAs to mature miRNAs by the Dicer endoribonuclease. Once mature miRNAs are generated, the miRNA-induced silencing complex, or miRISC, incorporates one strand of miRNAs as a template for recognizing complementary target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to dictate post-transcriptional gene expression. Besides regulating miRNA biogenesis, Dicer is also part of miRISC to assist in activation of the complex. Dicer associates with other regulatory miRISC co-factors such as trans-activation responsive RNA-binding protein (Tarbp2) to regulate miRNA-based RNA interference. Although the functional role of miRNAs within epidermal keratinocytes have been extensively studied within embryonic and post-natal mouse skin, its contribution to the normal function of hair follicle bulge stem cells (BSCs) during post-natal hair follicle development is unknown. With this question in mind, we sought to ascertain whether Dicer-Tarpb2 plays a functional role within BSCs during induced anagen development by utilizing conditional knockout mouse models. Our findings suggest that Dicer, but not Tarbp2, functions within BSCs to regulate induced anagen (growth) development of post-natal hair follicles. These findings strengthen our understanding of miRNA-dependency within hair follicle cells to define a boundary for post-transcriptional gene regulation during anagen development.
Towards a Flipped Classroom Based on a Context-Aware Mobile Learning System (FC-CAMLS)

The approach proposed in this chapter called flipped classroom based on context-aware mobile learning system (FC-CAMLS) aims to provide learners with an adapted course content format based on their feedback and context. The latter has a significant influence on multimedia content in adaptive mobile learning. The contribution was applied in the context of the flipped learning in order to manage the heterogeneity of context imposed by this approach. Firstly, the authors present a quantitative analysis by means of structural equation modeling to analyze the causal relationships of knowledge, skills, and motivation with students' satisfaction. Secondly, they confirm that the proposed flipped classroom has positive effects on students' knowledge, skills, and motivation. Finally, the research provides useful results that the use of the context dimensions and learner feedback in adaptive mobile learning is more beneficial for learners especially in the flipped classroom.