Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Red Deer ( Cervus elaphus L . ) in Bulgaria : Implications for Population Conservation and Sustainable Management

The red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) is the most important big game species in Bulgaria with marked habitat fragmentation. The species is known to be strongly anthropogenic influenced by recent human activities in the country such as selective hunting for trophies. To estimate the hyplotype diversity of red deer from Northeast Bulgaria, a complete sequences of cytochrome b (1140 bp) was analyzed. 36 haplotypes were revealed in the investigated populations; thus much at least is clear the existence at least two different genetic lines of red deer in Bulgaria. The carried out comprehensive description of genetic structure of Bulgarian red deer’s populations and comparative analysis of their phylogenetic relationships among some other subspecies of Cervus elaphus in Europe does not exhibit remarkable loss of genetic diversity of the deer in Bulgaria. These results are discussed in respect to population conservation, sustainable management and prevention of loss of genetic diversity of red deer in Bulgaria as well as to assess the effects of human activities indicating human impact on population structure most likely resulting from selective hunting for trophies.
THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION ON NASA GRANT NAG8-701 THE ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURES OF THE COMPANION STARS OF ECLIPSING BINARY X-RAY SOURCES

From measurements of the X-ray eclipse phenomena of the bInary X-ray pulsar 4U 1538-52 we have derived properties of the stellar wind of its B0 1 companion, QV Nor, and evidence of the fluffy nature of interstellar grains. The average density of atoms at a distance r from the center of QV Nor, deduced from analysis of the variation of X-ray attenuation during an eclipse egress, is described by an exponential function with a scale height of 4.5x1010 cm joined smoothly at r=-l.22r 0 to a function of the form M/(4_r21.tvt), where M/vt=l.19xl0"9 M O yr -1 km -1 s is the ratio of the mass loss rate to the terminal velocity, r0=0.97x1012 cm is the nominal steUar radius, and gt is the mean atorrtie mass. A Monte Carlo computation of the absorption and mattering of X-rays in the X-ray-ionized eireumstellar matter accounts well for the spectrum of X-rays with energies above 4.5 keV observed during the eclipse, while below 4.5 keV there is a component of soft X-rays above the Monte Carlo prediction with a total photon flux amounting to approximately 1.4% of the uneclipsed flux in the same energy range. A portion of the soft component may be thermal emission from shock-heated plasma in the flow disturbances caused by passage of the neutron star through the stellar wind. The remaining portion is attributed to grain-scattered X-rays that are delayed in arrival relative to X-rays that come directly from the neutron star. To facilitate a comparison of the X-ray scattering and optical extinction caused by interstellar grains we introduce a quantity Rxv(E), which we define as the ratio of the fractional intensity of grain-scattered X-rays of energy E to the optical extinction at wavelength 5550/_. Taking the total intensity of the soft component as an upper limit on the grain-scattered intensity, and the lower bound on the optical extinction of QV Nor as Av>6.4 mag, we set an upper bound on R×v(E=2 keV) of 0.0047:L-0.0004 which is much less than the predicted value of Rxv for compact spherical dielectric grains with a density -3 g cm -3 and a size distribution that extends to radii greater then 0.1 la.m. The upper bound on Rxv is, however, compatible with a simplistic model of interstellar grains as "fluffy" spherical aggregates consisting of 80% of vacuum and 20% of particles composed of material with a refractive index like that of "dirty ice" and a mean specific density of 1.2, together with a distribution in radius of the grains in the form of the power law ng(a)~a -3.7 with 0.0011. tm
A double-blind, randomized trial on the effect of a broad-spectrum dietary supplement on key biomarkers of cellular aging including inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in healthy adults

Background and Aim: Nutritional approaches that ameliorate cellular senescence may have the potential to counteract the effects of chronic disease. This study will investigate the effect of the Healthycell dietary supplement on markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Methods: Thirty adults between the ages of 18 and 55 were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the two study conditions (n = 15 Healthycell and n = 15 placebo). Subjects participated in a four-week intervention and were assessed at baseline, four weeks, and six weeks (after a two-week washout period). Results: Pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1α (t = 2.033; mean difference = −3.97 pg/ml; SE = 2.0; 95% CI: −8.0, −0.3; Cohen’s d = 0.77; p = 0.05) decreased, while soluble cytokine receptors sTNFR-I (t = 2.057; mean difference = 52.39 pg/mL; SE = 18.5; 95% CI: 5.2, 99.6; Cohen’s d = 0.53; p = 0.03) and sTNFR-II (t = 1.739; mean difference = 208.71 pg/ml; SE = 72.0; 95% CI: 24.4, 393.0; Cohen’s d = 0.61; p = 0.02) increased in the treatment group versus control. C-reactive protein also rose in the Healthycell group during the trial (t = 2.568; mean difference = 1.41 mg/dL; SE = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3, 2.5; Cohen’s d = 0.66; p < 0.01), without accompanying increases in IL-6 and TNF-α. Additionally, cortisol levels decreased in the Healthycell group (t = 0.575; mean difference = −0.31 ug/dL; SE=0.1; 95% CI: −0.6, −0.03; Cohen’s d = 0.88; p = 0.03). When groups were split by age (< 35 years vs. ≥ 35 years), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA damage, decreased in the older Healthycell group compared to placebo (t = 1.782; mean difference = −7.09 ng/mL; SE = 3.0; 95% CI: −13.3, −0.9; Cohen’s d = 0.63; p = 0.03). Significant changes were also found for sTNFR-I, sTNFR-II, and IL-5 in the older group. All results were obtained from t tests by post-hoc analysis. Conclusions: Our findings show an improved inflammatory profile and decreased DNA damage. Additionally, the efficacy of Healthycell was primarily in older adults, where the processes that cause or are associated with cell senescence are more predominant. Relevance for patients: Healthycell may help to counteract the inflammatory effects of aging that lead to both cell senescence and the multitude of age-related chronic diseases.
DISTRIBUTION OF PISTACHIO DIE-BACK IN KHORASAN-RAZAVI PROVINCE AND APPLICATION OF SOME FUNGICIDES FOR THE DISEASE CONTROL

The die-back of pistachio is one of the most important diseases affecting pistachio trees reducing yield production. In commercial fields, sampling was done from nine different pistachio production areas in Mahvelat, Khorasan Razavi province during 2008-2010. In each orchard, samples were taken from tree branches with canker during spring and summer seasons. Fungal species were identified based on the micro and macro- morphological features, reverse and surface characters of colonies. The ability of the isolates to produce disease was assessed on two year-old pistachio branches. The effect of Mancozeb, Benomyl, Metalaxyl, Rovral TS, Bordeaux mixture and Propiconazole was evaluated on radial mycelia growth of P. variotii, N. mangiferae and Stemphylium spp. In most orchards, the samples were positive for fungal species and in only a few orchards no fungal isolates could be detected. Based on micro and macro- morphological features; P. variotii, N. mangiferae, and Stemphylium spp. were identified in most sampling areas with different frequencies. In pathogenicity tests, most isolates of N. mangiferae and Stemphylium spp. were able to establish disease, while about 43 % of P. variotii isolates produced die-back on inoculated branches. The results of fungicides produce different levels of control on mycelia growth of fungal species which was varied according to the kind of fungicide and fungal species. Overall, the differences between fungal isolates, biotic and a biotic factors to produce disease as well as contradictory results were obtained by different researchers as described in literature.
Offshore oil and gas platforms as stepping stones for expansion of coral communities: a molecular genetic analysis

The northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) is one of the most productive oil and gas exploration areas in the world, currently containing approximately 3,800 offshore platforms. These platforms serve as artificial reefs in shallow water, which until their introduction was nearly devoid of shallow hard substrata. The question is raised whether this newly available substrate could help expand coral populations in the GOM. In this study, I examined adult scleractinian corals on oil and gas platforms in the northern GOM, in the vicinity of the Flower Garden Banks (FGB; approximately 180 km SE of Galveston, Texas) and attempted to determine the degree of genetic affinity among the natural and platform populations there. Adult coral tissue samples were collected from seven platforms surveyed in the region of the FGB at a depth range of 0-30 m. The three most abundant scleractinian, hermatypic species were sampled: Madracis decactis, Diploria strigosa, and Montastraea cavernosa. Genetic variation was revealed by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs), a DNA-fingerprinting technique based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This tool successfully distinguished between closely related colonies derived from populations on different platforms and on the two Flower Garden Banks. AMOVA analyses indicated that the East and West FGB were homogeneous for Madracis decactis and Diploria strigosa; however, the Montastraea cavernosa populations at the two banks were significantly different. Randomized data sets of two Madracis decactis populations were run with AFLPOP using a minimum log-likelihood difference of zero and one. These analyses determined that a log-likelihood difference of one is a more conservative and more reliable option, and all subsequent analyses were run using this setting. AFLPOP analyses showed that Montastraea cavernosa at the two banks was highly selfcontained, indicating a possible high degree of self-seeding with regard to this species. It
Solitary wave-based delamination detection in composite plates using a combined granular crystal sensor and actuator

We experimentally and numerically investigate a diagnostic method for detecting hidden delamination in composite panels, using highly nonlinear solitary waves. Solitary waves are a type of nonlinear waves with strong energy intensity and non-distortive nature, which can be controllably generated in one-dimensional granular crystals. In this study, we use granular crystals as a combined sensor and actuator to detect hidden delamination in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite panels. Specifically, we locally excite a CFRP composite specimen using the granular crystal as an actuator and measure the reflected waves that carry the specimen’s diagnostic information using the same device as a sensor. We first investigate the effect of the panel’s boundary conditions on the response of the reflected solitary waves. We then investigate the interactions of a solitary wave with delamination hidden in the CFRP composite specimen. Lastly, we define a damage index based on the solitary waves’ responses to identify the location of the hidden delamination in the CFRP composite panel. The solitary wave-based diagnostic method can provide unique merits, such as portable and fast sensing of composites’ hidden damage, thereby with the potential of being used for hot spot monitoring of composite-based structures.
Relation between fractional flow models and fractal or long‐range 2‐D permeability fields

Fractional flow models introduced by Barker (1988) have been increasingly popular as means of interpreting nonclassical drawdown curves obtained from well tests. Fractional flow models are intrinsically isotropic scaling models depending to first order on two exponents n and dw expressing the dimension of the structure available to flow and the flow slowdown, respectively. We study the fractional flow induced either by geometrically scaling structures such as Sierpinski‐ and percolation‐like fractal media or by hydraulically scaling media such as long‐range continuous correlated media. First, percolation and Sierpinski structures have two well‐separated dw values in the range [2.6, 3] and [1.9, 2.5], respectively. The bottlenecks, characteristic of percolation, induce a more anomalous transport (larger dw values) than the impervious zones present at all scales of Sierpinskis. Second, the realization‐based values of n and dw depend both on global and on local characteristics like the fractal dimension and the permeability around the well, respectively. Finally, solving the inverse problem on anomalous transient well test responses consists in comparing the (n, dw) realization‐based values with field data. Indeed, well tests performed from a unique pumping well must be taken as realization‐based results. For the site of Ploemeur (Brittany, France), from which n and dw have been previously determined (Le Borgne et al., 2004), the only consistent model is given by the continuous multifractals. However, the values obtained from continuous multifractals cover most of the (n, dw) plane, and realization‐based results are not selective in terms of model. So this should be replaced by the comparison of (n, dw) values averaged over different pumping well locations, which however requires a significantly larger quantity of field tests.
Agricultural Academy COMPARISON OF FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF EDIBLE OILS

IVANOVA. , S. , G. MARINOVA and V. BATCHVAROV, 2016. Comparison of fatty acid composition of various types of edible oils. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 22: 849–856 In recent years, there is increasing interest in fatty acid composition and the effects of oils on human health. The fi sh and krill oils are rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, while the plant oils (walnut, sunfl ower, pumpkin, olive) are a good source of linoleic acid. In the fl axseed oil the main representative of fatty acids is alpha-linolenic acid. The purpose of this study was to determine the fatty acid composition of oils from fi sh, krill, fl axseed, walnut, pumpkin, olive, salad and sunfl ower, and potential effects on human health in their consumption.
Experimental and theoretical study of oxygen adsorption structures on Ag(111)

The oxidized Ag(111) surface has been studied by a combination of experimental and theoretical methods, scanning tunneling microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory. A large variety of different surface structures is found, depending on the detailed preparation conditions. The observed structures fall into four classes: (a) individually chemisorbed atomic oxygen atoms, (b) three different oxygen overlayer structures, including the well-known p(4x4) phase, formed from the same Ag-6 and Ag-10 building blocks, (c) a c(4x8) structure not previously observed, and (d) at higher oxygen coverages structures characterized by stripes along the high-symmetry directions of the Ag(111) substrate. Our analysis provides a detailed explanation of the atomic-scale geometry of the Ag-6/Ag-10 building block structures and the c(4x8) and stripe structures are discussed in detail. The observation of many different and co-existing structures implies that the O/Ag(111) system is characterized by a significantly larger degree of complexity than previously anticipated, and this will impact our understanding of oxidation catalysis processes on Ag catalysts.
The influence of environmental temperature and oxygen concentration on the recovery of largemouth bass from exercise: implications for live–release angling tournaments

The impact of variation in water temperature and dissolved oxygen on recovery of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides from exercise was examined. For this, largemouth bass were first exercised and recovered for either 1, 2 or 4 h at ambient water temperatures (25° C) in fully oxygenated water. Results showed that exercise forced fish to utilize anaerobic metabolism to meet energy demands, and resulted in reductions in anaerobic energy stores adenosine triphosphate (ATP), Phosphocreatine (PCr) and glycogen. Exercise also resulted in a seven-fold increase in lactate within white muscle. After 2 h of recovery in oxygenated water at acclimation temperature, physiological recovery from exercise was under way, and by 4 h most variables examined had returned to control levels. Next, largemouth bass were exercised at ambient temperatures and recovered for 2 h in environments with either elevated temperature (32° C), reduced temperature (14 and 20° C), hypoxia or hyperoxia. Both elevated and reduced temperature impaired recovery of tissue lactate and tissue ATP relative to fish recovered in water at acclimation temperature, while hyperoxic water impaired recovery of tissue ATP. Moderately hypoxic waters impaired the recovery of plasma glucose, plasma lactate and tissue PCr relative to fish recovered in fully oxygenated water. Results from this study are discussed in the context of critical oxygen and temperature guidelines for largemouth bass. In addition, several recommendations are made concerning remedial treatments used in livewells (tanks) during angling tournaments when fish are recovering from exercise associated with angling.
A BFS-Based Similar Conference Retrieval Framework

Literature review is part of scientific research. Online references management tools help researchers in finding relevant literature and documents. Finding relevant conferences is the key step to understand the research field. Researchers usually rely on the conference names to find out whether they are related. However, the conference name rarely reflects the diverse topics it covers. For instance, for the two conferences, “International Conference on Data Mining and Applications” and “Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval” which represent similar research topics and research areas, but the names fail to capture the similarity. One possible method to compute the similarity between all the papers in the two conferences but it's time-consuming. Instead of computing the similarity, this work builds a search engine based on Lucene and find similar conferences given a query conference based on the index. A BFS-based algorithm is proposed to address this problem and experiments on DBLP dataset shows the proposed approach can generate comparable results with the similarity-based approach.
Efficient Estimation of Risk Ratios From Clustered Binary Data

Risk ratios are often the target of inference in epidemiologic studies. The log-binomial model is a natural choice that readily returns risk ratios, but suffers from well known convergence issues. Alternate methods have been proposed to estimate risk ratios for a common binary outcome; however, there has been little work in estimating risk ratios for clustered binary data. The modified Poisson regression approach can be used to take clustering into account through the use of generalized estimating equations, but leads to a potentially inefficient estimator due to the incorrect distributional assumption. In this article, we derive an estimate of the risk ratio that accounts for clustering in the outcome, does not rely on an estimate of the baseline risk for consistency, and delivers asymptotically efficient estimates of the risk ratio parameter. An alternative efficient estimator is provided that bounds the predicted probability by 1, thus guaranteeing stable performance of the estimator. A simulation study is provided verifying that the proposed estimator outperforms the modified Poisson approach as well as estimators that assume no clustering. We apply our method to the Young Citizens study, a cluster randomized trial involving a behavioral intervention deigned to train children aged 10-14 years to educate their communities about HIV.
Identifying conserved genomic elements and designing universal bait sets to enrich them

Targeted enrichment of conserved genomic regions is a popular method for collecting large amounts of sequence data from non‐model taxa for phylogenetic, phylogeographic and population genetic studies. For example, two available bait sets each allow enrichment of thousands of orthologous loci from >20 000 species (Faircloth et al. Systematic Biology, 61, 717–726, 2012; Molecular Ecology Resources, 15, 489–501, 2015). Unfortunately, few open‐source workflows are available to identify conserved genomic elements shared among divergent taxa and to design enrichment baits targeting these regions. Those that do exist require extensive bioinformatics expertise and significant amounts of time to use. These shortcomings limit the application of targeted enrichment methods to additional organismal groups. Here, I describe a universal workflow for identifying conserved genomic regions in available genomic data and for designing targeted enrichment baits to collect data from these conserved regions. These methods require less expertise, less time and better use commonly available information to identify conserved loci and design baits to capture them. I apply this computational approach to the understudied arthropod groups Arachnida, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera or Lepidoptera to identify thousands of conserved loci in each group and design target enrichment baits to capture these loci. I then use in silico analyses to demonstrate that targeted enrichment of the conserved loci can be used to reconstruct the accepted relationships among genome sequences from the focal arthropod orders. The software workflow I created allowed me to identify thousands of conserved loci in five diverse arthropod groups and design sequence capture baits to target them. This suite of capture bait designs should enable collection of phylogenomic data from >900 000 arthropod species. Although the examples in this manuscript focus on understudied arthropod groups, the approach I describe is applicable to all organismal groups having some form of pre‐existing genomic information (e.g. other invertebrates, plants, fungi and microbes). Finally, the documentation, design steps, software code and bait sets developed here are available under an open‐source license for restriction‐free testing, use, and additional modification by any research group.
Determination of electrical conductivity of metal plates using planar spiral coils

Planar spiral coils are used in the present paper to estimate electrical conductivity of a conducting plate by eddy current method. Formulas for the change in impedance are derived from the corresponding formulas for air-cored cylindrical coils in the limit where the height of the coil approaches zero. The difference between experimental and theoretical values of the change in impedance is minimized in order to estimate electrical conductivity of a conducting plate. Reasonable agreement between experimental and theoretical data is found.