Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FlexRFID Middleware in the Supply Chain: Strategic Values and Challenges

Radio Frequency Identification RFID has been used since the Second World War to identify "friend or foe" aircrafts. It has become an enabling wireless technology that is widely used in a number of application areas, such as product tracking through manufacturing and assembly, inventory control, and supply chain management SCM. By 2006, Wal-Mart used RFID for all of its suppliers. The use of RFID in supply chain networks has allowed Wal-Mart to create value through greater visibility in its networks, higher product velocity, reduce human error and labor cost, and more efficient inventory management, which led to the achievement of Quick Response QR and improved Customer Relationship Management CRM in the supply chain. However, RFID system challenges and uncertain Return-On-Investment ROI must be overcome to fully achieve these objectives. This paper introduces RFID technology and its key components and concepts, and presents an RFID middleware solution called FlexRFID that achieves the maximum benefits of RFID technology independently of the interested backend applications. This paper illustrates how RFID technology is used to solve the main problems in SCM, the advantages and key issues when implementing RFID in SCM networks, and the relationship between RFID and the main SCM processes.
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: Experience from a tertiary care center and systematic review of Indian literature

Background: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disorder characterized by deposition of lipoproteinaceous material within alveoli, with a variable clinical course. Here, we report an experience of management of PAP at our center. A systematic review of previously reported cases from India is also included in the article. Materials and Methods: This study included patients with primary PAP managed at our center from 2009 to 2015. Diagnosis of primary PAP was based on histopathologic diagnosis on bronchoalveolar lavage or transbronchial lung biopsy and absence of causes of secondary PAP. For systematic review of Indian publications, the literature search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE databases using the terms “pulmonary alveolar proteinosis'” or “alveolar proteinosis” and “India” or “Indian. ” Results: During the above-specified period, five patients with diagnosis of PAP were admitted at our center. Median age of patients was 32 years (interquartile range [IQR] 30.5–59); 80% were female. Mean duration (± standard deviation) of symptoms was 6.2 (±1.79) months. Anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) antibodies were elevated in 4 out of 5 patients (80%). For management, whole lung lavage (WLL) was done for four patients with median volume of 32.5 (IQR 18–74) L per patient. All the patients showed significant symptomatic as well as improvement in physiological parameters. Subcutaneous GM-CSF and ambroxol were given to 3 patients and 1 patient, respectively. The median follow-up of all patients was 18 (IQR 5–44) months. A systematic review of all Indian studies of PAP revealed thirty publications. Conclusions: WLL is the most common, effective, and safe therapy in patients with PAP. GM-CSF administration is an efficacious treatment for patients with incomplete response after WLL.
Wake collapse in a stratified fluid: linear treatment

The linear initial-value problem of a partially mixed cylindrical wake in a, uniformly stratified fluid is formulated and exact solutions are given for the density and velocity fields inside and just outside the original cylinder. An asymptotic expression for the far-field internal wave radiation is given and the corresponding solutions for a spherical wake geometry are noted. The treatment emphasizes the inadequancy of the usual linear Boussinesq approximation to describe the detailed nature of similar problems, in particular the fully mixed wake-collapse problem.
Compartmental models of electrotonic structure and synaptic integration in an identified neurone.

A three‐compartment model of the electrotonic structure of an identified motoneurone, the median gastric (m.g.) neurone of the stomatogastric ganglion of the spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus) was constructed, based on the passive response of the cell to a step of injected current. While its structure is only remotely related to that of the cell, the model is able to predict the passive response of the cell to any wave form of injected current. The shape of the m.g. neurone provided the basis for the development of a multicompartment model of the cell from the simple compartment model. Unlike the three‐compartment model, the multicompartment model has a structure that corresponds closely to that of the cell while it retains the ability to predict the passive response of the cell to any wave form of injected current. The multicompartment model was used to analyse the electrotonic structure and synaptic integration of the cell. The axon acts as a current sink, causing steady‐state voltage attenuation between the tips of different dendrites and the integrating segment to range between 26 and 89%. Steady‐state voltage attenuation in the distal direction is 2% or less. Synaptic inhibition of m.g. by Interneurone 1 was simulated with simultaneously activated conductance‐increase synapses located on all dendritic end‐compartments of the model. Inhibitory post‐synaptic potential (i.p.s.p.) wave forms recorded in the cell soma were duplicated in the soma compartment when the synaptic conductance change in each of the twenty‐eight end‐compartments was set equal to 5 nS for 8 ms. I.p.s.p. wave forms in dendritic end‐compartments were 30% larger than the soma compartment i.p.s.p., while i.p.s.p.s in the integrating segment compartment were intermediate in size. Charge from a 92 mV, 1 ms action potential in the model axon was passively conducted from axonal compartments to the soma compartment of the model, where it reproduced the attenuated, broadened voltage wave forms of action potentials recorded in the cell soma. Passive spread of charge from an axonal action potentials to terminal dendritic compartments evoked potentials there that were 30% larger and faster than the corresponding soma compartment potential.
N-Acetylcysteine and Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Oxidative stress may play a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. There is heterogeneity in the literature with regard to the impact of antioxidant therapy on COPD exacerbation frequency. Clinical trials of N-acetylcysteine in COPD were identified in unrestricted searches of MEDLINE, CINAHL, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts and the Cochrane Register. Randomized, controlled trials which reported exacerbations over a treatment period ≥3 months were selected. Two observers independently extracted data regarding exacerbation number over the treatment period in subjects allocated to either N-acetylcysteine or placebo. Data were analyzed using inverse-variance weighted random effects meta-analysis methodology. Meta-analysis of data from 8 trials (randomized n = 2,214) indicated that N-acetylcysteine significantly reduced the odds of experiencing one or more exacerbations over the treatment period (odds ratio = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [0.32–0.74], p = 0.001). Treatment effect was not reduced in studies which enrolled > 50% active smokers (odds ratio = 0.36 [0.24–0.55], p < 0.001), although a greater effect was observed with exclusion of subjects using concurrent inhaled corticosteroids (odds ratio = 0.42 [0.32–0.54], p < 0.0001), suggesting that inhaled steroids attenuate the effect of N-acetylcysteine. The use of N-acetylcysteine significantly reduces the odds of exacerbation in patients with COPD, an effect possibly attenuated by inhaled steroids but not smoking. This analysis suggests treatment with N-acetylcysteine may be beneficial in a subset of patients with COPD.
Borderline personality features and development of psychosis in an ‘Ultra High Risk’ (UHR) population: a case control study

Aims: There is clinical uncertainty as to whether borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits in those with an ‘at risk mental state’ have an effect on the risk of ‘transition’ to psychosis. We aimed to investigate the relationship between baseline BPD features, risk of transition and type of psychotic disorder experienced.
RAPID ADAPTIVE DIVERGENCE IN NEW WORLD ACHILLEA, AN AUTOPOLYPLOID COMPLEX OF ECOLOGICAL RACES

Abstract Adaptive evolution is often associated with speciation. In plants, however, ecotypic differentiation is common within widespread species, suggesting that climatic and edaphic specialization can outpace cladogenesis and the evolution of postzygotic reproductive isolation. We used cpDNA sequence (5 noncoding regions, 3.5 kb) and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs: 4 primer pairs, 1013 loci) to evaluate the history of ecological differentiation in the North American Achillea millefolium, an autopolyploid complex of “ecological races” exhibiting morphological, physiological, and life-history adaptations to diverse environments. Phylogenetic analyses reveal North American A. millefolium to be a monophyletic group distinct from its European and Asian relatives. Based on patterns of sequence divergence, as well as fossil and paleoecological data, colonization of North America appears to have occurred via the Bering Land Bridge during the Pleistocene (1.8 MYA to 11,500 years ago). Population genetic analyses indicate negligible structure within North American A. millefolium associated with varietal identity, geographic distribution, or ploidy level. North American populations, moreover, exhibit the signature of demographic expansion. These results affirm the “ecotype” concept of the North American Achillea advocated by classical research and demonstrate the rapid rate of ecological differentiation that sometimes occurs in plants.
Equivalent Dipole Sources Localization using Cortical Dipole Layer Imaging and Independent Component Analysis

We developed a new estimation method for equivalent dipole sources inside the brain. We have solved an inverse problem to estimate an equivalent dipole-layer distribution from the scalp electroencephalogram using spatio-temporal inverse filters. We estimated the position and moment of equivalent dipole sources from dipole layer distributions and separated each dipole layer distribution using independent component analysis to identify the number, position, and moment of several dipole sources. Computer simulations and human experimental studies in an inhomogeneous three-concentric sphere head model were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimation method. The simulation results indicate that the equivalent dipole sources were estimated accurately using our methods. We further applied the proposed method to human experimental data of movement-related potentials.
Common structural changes accompany the functional inactivation of HPr by seryl phosphorylation or by serine to aspartate substitution.

Although many proteins are known to be regulated via reversible phosphorylation, little is known about the mechanism by which the covalent modification of seryl, threonyl, or tyrosyl residues alters the activities of the target systems. To address this question, modified versions of Bacillus subtilus HPr, a protein component of the bacterial phosphotransferase system, have been studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Phosphorylation at Ser46 or a Ser to Asp substitution at this position inactivates HPr [Reizer, J., Sutrina, S. L. , Saier, M. H. , Stewart, G. C. , Peterkofsky, A. , & Reddy, P. (1989) EMBO J. 8, 2111-2120]. Two-dimensional spectra of these two modified proteins display nearly identical proton chemical shifts that differ significantly from those observed in the spectra of the unphosphorylated, wild-type protein and of functionally active HPr mutants. The results demonstrate that the functional inactivation of HPr brought about by the serine to aspartate mutation is accompanied by the same structural changes that occur when HPr is phosphorylated at Ser46.
Significant high expression of cytokeratins 7, 8, 18, 19 in pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, compared to small cell lung carcinomas

The aim of the present study was to clarify protein profiling in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). The proteomic approach was used, and involved cell lysate from two cell lines (N231 derived from SCLC and LCN1 derived from LCNEC), with 2‐D gel electrophoresis (2‐DE). In the present study, 25 protein spots with greater than twofold quantitative differences between LCN1 and N231 cells on 2‐DE gels were confirmed. Within the 25 identified proteins, cytokeratins (CK) 7, 8, 18 and 19 were upregulated in LCN1 cells compared with N231 cells. The expression of CK7, 8, 18, and 19 was further studied on immunohistochemistry with 81 formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded pulmonary carcinomas, which included 27 SCLC, 30 LCNEC, 14 adenocarcinomas, and 10 squamous cell carcinomas. Although the expression of CK7, 8, 18, and 19 was observed in all histological types, the mean immunostaining scores of CK7, 8, 18, and 19 were significantly higher in LCNEC than in SCLC (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). These data suggest that the biological characteristics of LCNEC and SCLC may be different and the expression of CK may serve as differential diagnostic markers.
Modelling of out-of-plane losses in a 2D photonic crystal waveguiding structure fabricated by interference lithography in slow light regime

The results of 3D FDTD calculations of out-of-plane radiation losses in slow light regime for a 2D Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) Photonic Crystal (PhC) slab are presented. In a 2D PhC slab structure periodicity causes a scattering out of waveguiding modes to the radiating modes. Optical sensors based on 2D PhCs working in slow light regime call for long devices in order to make the path of light propagation longer. At the same time, slowing down the group velocity of light extends signal interaction time with the investigated surroundings. By using a 3D model of an SOI PhC slab we will present the influence of the hole depth and side walls slope of a 2D PhC on the out-of-plane scattering. The possibility of utilising an interference lithograph to fabricate the modelled structure is discussed as well.
Autonomic mobility and resource management over an integrated wireless environment — A GANA oriented architecture

This paper presents the key designing principles and attributes of a novel autonomic architecture for enabling efficient mobility and QoS-aware resource management over an integrated IPv6-enabled heterogeneous wireless environment (CDMA cellular/WLAN). The proposed architecture is founded on Generic Autonomic Network Architecture (GANA), a generic framework for realizing autonomic networks introduced in EFIPSANS EC FP7 project. Emphasis is placed on describing the autonomic components of the architecture, illustrating their interactions and justifying their designing properties towards creating a concrete autonomic paradigm that aims at fulfilling 3GPP/LTE self-optimization vision.
Throughput Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 Slotted CSMA/CA Considering Timeout Period and Its Improvement

In this paper, we propose and validate an analytical model for the saturation throughput of the IEEE 802.15. 4 slotted CSMA/CA which can be studied as slotted non-persistent CSMA. Key to the accuracy of our model is a careful study of the idle period after last collision, which has not been considered by all previous 802.15. 4 models. Specifically, we also derive the probability of sensing the channel that maximizes the throughput and provide analytical closed formulas. With results from the OPNET simulator, we show that our model can accurately predict the saturation throughput over a wide range of scenarios
Maximal expected flow in a network subject to arc failures

In a network subject to arc failures, each chain has a probability of failure. Therefore the maximal flow in the network is a random variable. The problem considered here is that of maximizing the expected flow. An arc-chain formulation of the problem, and an algorithm for computing an optimal solution are provided. The algorithm involves a column generation technique, and a constrained chain in the network provides a desired column at each step of the simplex algorithm. The technique presented here is an extension of that of Ford and Fulkerson. The algorithm is validated, and a geometric interpretation is included.
Cerebrospinal Fluid HIV-1 Infection Usually Responds Well to Antiretroviral Treatment

The primary objective of this retrospective study was to determine how many patients in routine practice who were treated with combination antiretroviral treatment reached HIV-1 RNA levels below 50–400 copies/ml in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Seventy-four antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients from five different centres in Germany, Italy, Sweden and the USA were included. Thirty-nine percent of the patients had a HIV-1-associated neurological disease and 53% of the patients had AIDS. HIV-1 RNA in CSF and plasma were quantified before and after approximately 3 months of treatment. At baseline, the median value of HIV-1 RNA in CSF was 4.12 log copies/ml (interquartile range (IQR): 3.28–4.85) and it decreased to <1.70 log copies/ml (IQR: <1.70–2.48; P<0.001) after in median 3 months of treatment. Seventy-six percent of the patients had HIV-1 RNA levels below the limits of detection in CSF at follow-up, and 85% reached below 400 copies/ml. In plasma, 45% of the patients had levels of HIV-1 RNA below the limits of detection at follow-up and 80% reached below 400 copies/ml. The group of patients with a neurological disease had a significantly higher CSF viral load both at baseline and at follow-up compared with the neurologically asymptomatic patients. We conclude that the central nervous system (CNS) is usually not a ‘sanctuary site’, difficult to reach with combination anti-retroviral treatment.
Accuracy of two‐dimensional echocardiography in detecting left ventricular aneurysm

Introduction: With the advent of three-dimensional reconstruction echocardiography, clinical cardiology will have an ultimate noninvasive tool for recording a precise anatomical definition of left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) that will encompass location, dimension, tissue composition, and a quantitative assessment of ventricular function. This is where the technology is heading-where is two-dimensional echocardiography now in its capability to detect LVA? Since most aneurysms in clinical practice represent the consequence of coronary artery disease, this review will deal only with the “true” LVA that develops at the site of healed myocardial infarction.
Ant algorithms: web-based implementation and applications to manufacturing system problems

Abstract One of the tools in the gamut of global optimization search procedures is ant algorithms, inspired by the behaviour of the well-known insects—ants. Natural ant colonies exhibit ad-hoc decision-making processes in their day-to-day living activities, such as foraging and brooding. These processes could be modelled and used as tools to solve many practical scheduling problems that are present in current manufacturing environments. This paper proposes web-based ant colony system algorithm (WACSA) optimization procedures to solve several real-world manufacturing systems problems. The problems considered are: (1) single-machine scheduling optimization considering tool wear; (2) drilling sequence optimization; and (3) single-machine scheduling considering total job changeover cost. Results indicate that WACSA provides an optimal solution quickly. It also shows that the ant algorithm is preferred over existing meta-heuristics, as it provides a high level of scheduling flexibility.
Automatic Error Detection in Annotated Corpora

Annotated corpus is a linguistic resource which explicitly encodes the information at syntactic and semantic levels for each sentence. Annotated corpora play a crucial role in many applications of natural language processing (NLP). Error free and consistent annotated corpora is vital for these applications. Creating annotated corpora is an expensive and time consuming process. Errors or anomalies creep in due to human errors and sometimes because of multiple interpretations of the annotation guidelines. Maintaining the quality of the annotations is a challenging problem. This is because validating the annotated corpora and correcting these errors manually is an expensive and time consuming process. In particular, the validation process needs an expert’s time to detect and correct these errors, which is expensive. Hence, they need intelligent tools to automatically detect possible instances of errors in annotated corpora which they can validate quickly. Treebank annotation involves encoding information at POS, morph, chunk and dependency levels. Annotation requires a domain specific understanding of the language and dependency guidelines. Further, to validate the annotated corpora, we need experts of language and annotation guidelines. In this work, we address the problem of treebank validation and proposed novel approaches to detect errors automatically. To be specific, we address the issues at dependency level in the annotation process which is more vulnerable to errors due to complex rules in the dependency annotation schema. In our solution, we used ensembling methods on the parsers outputs. We hypothesize that the annotation and validation process should go in parallel rather than waiting for the entire corpus to be created. Our tool provides annotators error instances or inconsistent cases, so that they can clear the ambiguities in their understanding by reflecting on these small numbers of error instances. This process helps in early understanding of the errors committed in the annotation process. We also address the problem of skewed data sets, which is common in Indian languages by utilizing word embedding. Later, we attempt to build tools to correct the dependency errors automatically. Our work majorly investigated the error detection using dependency parsers and able to detect errors with an F-score values 71.18% and 42.19% respectively for Hindi and Telugu treebanks available. Our work includes some preliminary attempts to correct the errors automatically and we have increased the baseline precision of corpus from 88.59% to 92.29% for Hindi treebank.
Cost-effectiveness of treating deep diabetic foot ulcers with Promogran in four European countries.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of treating non-superficial diabetic foot ulcers with Promogran plus good wound care (GWC) compared with GWC alone in four European countries (France, Germany, Switzerland and UK). METHODS An existing Markov-based health economic model of non-superficial diabetic foot ulcers was adapted to incorporate the relative efficacy of Promogran compared with GWC alone as demonstrated in a randomised controlled trial. Treatment with Promogran was modelled for a maximum of three months. Country-specific treatment costs were used to estimate the incremental cost per ulcer-free day gained over 12 months. Some parameter assumptions were changed to assess the sensitivity of the results. RESULTS Within the first three months of treatment, 26% of ulcers in the Promogran cohort healed compared with 20.7% in the GWC cohort. Over the 12 months, the average number of months spent in the healed state was 3.41 (GWC) and 3.75 (Promogran). Promogran treatment was found to be cost-saving in all four countries, using year 2000 Euro values. CONCLUSION Promogran with GWC may be cost-effective, perhaps even cost-saving, under a wide variety of assumptions for the treatment of neuropathic foot ulcers. DECLARATION OF INTEREST This study was funded by Ethicon Gmbh (Johnson and Johnson), Germany.