Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retrospective study of the diagnostic utility of Spec fPLin the assessment of 274 sick cats

Abstract Background Serum feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPL) commonly is used in the assessment of sick cats suspected to have pancreatitis but its diagnostic utility is debated. Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the Spec fPL test and selected serum biochemistry tests in the diagnosis of pancreatitis in cats. Animals Two hundred seventy‐four client‐owned cats presented to a university teaching hospital in the United Kingdom, from April 2013 to May 2017, in which Spec fPL was measured. Methods Cats were classified into 1 of 4 groups based on clinical signs (all cats), ultrasonographic findings (all cats) and histopathological or cytological assessment of the pancreas where available (9 cats) regardless of Spec fPL concentration. The groups were (a) definite pancreatitis (n = 9), (b) probable pancreatitis (n = 49), (c) possible pancreatitis (n = 139), and (d) unlikely pancreatitis (n = 77). Spec fPL and selected serum biochemistry test results were compared among groups. Results Serum fPL concentrations >5.3 μg/L were classified as positive and concentrations <3.5 μg/L were classified as negative. There was a significantly (P = .03) lower proportion of false‐positive results (cats unlikely to have pancreatitis, n = 77, with a positive fPL, n = 8, 10%) than false‐negative results (cats with definite or probable pancreatitis, n = 58, with a negative fPL result, n = 14, 24%). None of the selected biochemical tests were helpful diagnostically. Conclusion and Clinical Importance A positive Spec fPL result indicates that pancreatitis is a probable diagnosis, but the test cannot be used to rule the diagnosis out.
Evidence for the Supramolecular Organization of a Bacterial Outer-Membrane Protein from In-Vivo Pulse EPR Spectroscopy.

In the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, membrane proteins are thought to be organized into domains or islands that play a role in the segregation, movement and turnover of membrane components. However, there is presently limited information on the structure of these domains or the molecular interactions that mediate domain formation. In the present work, the Escherichia coli outer membrane vitamin B12 transporter, BtuB, was spin labeled and double electron-electron resonance was used to measure the distances between proteins in live cells. These data together with Monte Carlo simulations provide evidence for the presence of specific intermolecular contacts between BtuB monomers that could drive the formation of string-like oligomers. Moreover, the EPR data provide evidence for the location of the interacting interfaces and indicate that lipopolysaccharide mediates the contacts between BtuB monomers.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar Chiral Ferrocifens that Show Chiral Discrimination in Antiproliferative Activity on Breast Cancer Cells

The design and first enantioselective synthesis of a series of chiral ferrocifens and ferrociphenols was realised by enantioselective palladium‐catalysed intramolecular direct C−H bond activation followed by McMurry coupling. Biological evaluation revealed moderate anticancer activities on breast cancer cells and evidence of chiral discrimination between enantiomers. Treatment of the novel ferrocifens with Ag2O revealed that these systems are unable to form a neutral quinone methide, yet still demonstrate marked antiproliferative properties against both the hormone‐dependent MCF‐7 and hormone‐independent MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines. This bioactivity arises from two mechanisms: Fenton‐type chemistry and the anti‐estrogenic activity associated with the tamoxifen‐like structure.
Pneumonitis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors among patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patients with lung cancer are particularly vulnerable to lung injury associated with immune checkpoint inhibition and often present with more frequent and more severe manifestations of lung disease compared to patients with other tumor types. The present review explores the reasons for increased susceptibility to immune checkpoint-related lung injury among this group of patients and focuses on the current knowledge of the clinical and radiologic manifestations of lung injury associated with immune checkpoint blockade and current treatment strategies. RECENT FINDINGS Recent investigations have shown that pneumonitis risk associated with immune checkpoint blockade may be stratified according to the tumor type that is being targeted. Patients with lung cancer have the highest rates of pneumonitis associated with this class of agents. SUMMARY Pneumonitis associated with immune checkpoint blockade among patients with lung cancer has the highest prevalence of all cancer types. In this patient population, the additional insult to the lungs imposed by immune-checkpoint therapies is often poorly tolerated because of tumor burden within the lung, sequelae from prior treatment and frequent comorbid lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thus, early recognition and treatment is critical in this patient population to successful outcome.
Abundance and Extracellular Release of Phytohormones in Aero‐terrestrial Microalgae (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) As a Potential Chemical Signaling Source1

Phytohormones are pivotal signaling compounds in higher plants, in which they exert their roles intracellularly, but are also released for cell‐to‐cell communication. In unicellular organisms, extracellularly released phytohormones can be involved in chemical crosstalk with other organisms. However, compared to higher plants, hardly any knowledge is available on the roles of phytohormones in green algae. Here, we studied phytohormone composition and extracellular release in aero‐terrestrial Trebouxiophyceae. We investigated (a) which phytohormones are produced and if they are released extracellularly, and if extracellular phytohormone levels are (b) affected by environmental stimuli, and (c) differ between lichen‐forming and non‐lichen‐forming species. Three free‐living microalgae (Apatococcus lobatus, Chloroidium ellipsoideum, and Myrmecia bisecta) and three lichen‐forming microalgae (Asterochloris glomerata, Trebouxia decolorans, and Trebouxia sp.) were studied. Algae were grown on solid media and the following cellular phytohormones were identified by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS): indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), indole‐3‐butyric acid (IBA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin A4 (GA4), and zeatin (ZT). Furthermore, IAA, IBA, ABA, jasmonic acid (JA), gibberellin A3 (GA3), and GA4 were found to be released extracellularly. IAA and ABA were released by all six species, and IAA was the most concentrated. Phytohormone release was affected by light and water availability, especially IAA in A. glomerata, Trebouxia sp. , and C. ellipsoideum. No clear patterns were observed between lichen‐forming and non‐lichen‐forming species. The results are envisaged to contribute valuable baseline information for further studies into the roles of phytohormones in microalgae.
Perioperative pain management in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent evidence-based interventions for perioperative pain management in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. RECENT FINDINGS With particular emphasis on preemptive interventions in recent studies, we found preoperative counseling, nutrition, exercise, psychological interventions, and a combination of acetaminophen, celecoxib, and gabapentin are highly important and effective measures to reduce postoperative pain and opioid demand. Intraoperative local anesthetics may help at incision sites, as a paracervical block, and a transversus abdominus plane block. Postoperatively, an effort should be made to utilize non-narcotic interventions such as abdominal binders, ice packs, simethicone, bowel regimens, gabapentin, and scheduled NSAIDs and acetaminophen. When prescribing narcotics, providers should be aware of recommended amounts of opioids required per procedure so as to avoid overprescribing. SUMMARY Our findings emphasize the evolving importance of preemptive interventions, including prehabilitation and pharmacologic agents, to improve postoperative pain after minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. Additionally, a multimodal approach to nonnarcotic intraoperative and postoperative interventions decreases narcotic requirement and improves opioid stewardship.
Differences in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi among Three Coffee Cultivars in Puerto Rico

Mycorrhizal symbiosis is important for growth of coffee (Coffea arabica), but differences among coffee cultivars in response to mycorrhizal interactions have not been studied. We compared arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) extraradical hyphae in the soil and diversity of AM fungi among three coffee cultivars, Caturra, Pacas, and Borbon, at three farms in Puerto Rico. Caturra had significantly lower total extraradical AM hyphal length than Pacas and Borbon at all locations. P content did not differ among cultivars. Extraradical hyphal lengths differed significantly among locations. Although the same morphotypes of mycorrhizal fungal spores were present in the rhizosphere of the three cultivars and total spore density did not differ significantly, frequencies of spore morphotypes differed significantly among cultivars. Spore morphotypes were typical of Glomus and Sclerocystis. Levels of soil nutrients did not explain differences in AM colonzation among cultivars. The cultivar Caturra is a mutant of Borbon and has apparently lost Borbon’s capacity to support and benefit from an extensive network of AM hyphae in the soil. Widespread planting of Caturra, which matures earlier and has higher yield if fertilized, may increase dependence on fertilizers.
When you are making plans to publish research, you need to plan for data sharing

Abstract Open data is another step on the pathway of strengthening medical research. Allowing access to data facilitates testing the reproducibility of research findings. It also allows for the testing of new hypotheses, the incorporation of individual level data into meta-analyses and the development of very large data sets in which to develop and test new algorithms. There are now many data repositories that researchers can use to share their protocols, syntax and data. There are strategies both for managing what other researchers do with publically available data and for rewarding researchers who share their data. There is a strong ethical argument for making data publically available and research participants are generally supportive of this approach.
Metabolic Syndrome, Disease Activity, and Adipokines in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Joint Diseases

Objective To investigate metabolic syndrome (MetS), disease activity, and adipokine levels among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis (SpA), and undifferentiated arthritis (UA) at the time of diagnosis and after 1 year of follow-up. Methods Patients with inflammatory joint diseases participating in the Northern Savo 2010 population-based longitudinal epidemiological study were evaluated for components of MetS (by National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III) and clinical parameters of disease activity. The adipokines adiponectin, adipsin, resistin, and leptin were measured at baseline and after 1 year of treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Results Among 176 patients, MetS was detected in 42% of RA, 36% of SpA, and 51% of UA patients. Metabolic syndrome was associated with higher disease activity as measured by patient global assessment in RA and UA patients and increased pain in RA patients. Leptin levels were increased in patients with MetS, showing a linearly increasing trend with the number of components of MetS in SpA and UA, but not in RA. In RA patients, decrease in disease activity correlated with decrease in leptin levels. Resistin did not associate with MetS, but a decrease in resistin correlated with decrease in disease activity in RA and UA. In SpA, increased adiponectin level correlated with relief in disease activity, but not with MetS. Conclusions Metabolic syndrome was common in patients with newly diagnosed arthritides and associated with higher disease activity and increased leptin levels. Resistin responded to treatment of arthritis in RA and UA, leptin in RA, and adiponectin in SpA.
A Training Strategy for Enhancing the Accuracy of Real-Time Tumor Tracking Based on Deep Bi-LSTM Learning

Radiotherapy of thoracic-abdominal tumors requires high accuracy to avoid radiating normal tissues, which will lead to a series of complications. The accuracy of the prediction of respiratory motion can improve the accuracy of tumor location. The Deep Bi-LSTM-based breathing curve prediction method has a better effect than the traditional prediction method. This paper aims to discuss the impact of data volume improvement on respiratory prediction accuracy. Moreover, the respiration motion for a latency about 380ms is predicted by a bidirectional long short term memory (Deep BiLSTM) model. In this study, 98 malignant lung tumor motion of patients is acquired to train and verify the accuracy of the model. It is demonstrated that the LSTM-based breathing curve prediction method has a better effect than the traditional prediction method. Furthermore, comparative experiments are used to discuss the influence of the increase in the amount of model training data on the accuracy of the model.
COVID-19: Safe Guidelines for Breast Imaging During the Pandemic

During the COVID-19 pandemic, breast imaging must be performed using safe practices. Balancing the need to avoid delays in the diagnosis of breast cancer while avoiding infection requires careful attention to personal protective equipment and physical distancing and vigilance to maintain these practices. The Canadian Society of Breast Imaging/Canadian Association of Radiologists guideline for breast imaging during COVID-19 is provided based on priority according to risk of breast cancer and impact of delaying treatment. A review of the best practices is presented that allow breast imaging during COVID-19 to maximize protection of patients, technologists, residents, fellows, and radiologists and minimize spread of the infection. The collateral damage of delaying diagnosis of breast cancer due to COVID-19 should be avoided when possible.
ECCO: Edge-Cloud Chaining and Orchestration Framework for Road Context Assessment

For road safety, detecting and reacting efficiently to road hazards is crucial and yet challenging due to practical restrictions such as limited data availability, which relies on network support. Moreover, from a system perspective we lack a computational model capable of providing to vehicles reliable and real-time assessment of the road context. As autonomous vehicles become widespread, the safety issues are further aggravated by the gap between cloud, roadside infrastructure and road users in terms of communication latency, software-hardware compatibility and data interoperability. To tackle this, we present ECCO: an orchestration framework that enables edge-cloud collaborative computing for road context assessment. ECCO can create on-demand task execution pipelines spanning multiple, potentially resource-constrained edge-nodes with the smart IoT infrastructure support. Our prototype lays the groundwork to support new services, which can use more efficiently the road infrastructure and deliver safety-critical applications for road users.
Long-term Outcomes of Intensive Inpatient Care for Severe, Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Résultats à long terme de soins intensifs à des patients hospitalisés pour un trouble obsessionnel-compulsif grave et résistant

Objective: A substantial proportion of severely ill patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) do not respond to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and are unable to practice cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on an out-patient basis. We report the short-term (at discharge) and long-term (up to 2 years) outcome of a multimodal inpatient treatment program that included therapist-assisted intensive CBT with adjunctive pharmacotherapy for severely ill OCD patients who are often resistant to SRIs and are either unresponsive or unable to practice outpatient CBT. Methods: A total of 420 patients, admitted between January 2012 and December 2017 were eligible for the analysis. They were evaluated using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale. All patients received 4 to 5 therapist-assisted CBT sessions per week along with standard pharmacotherapy. Naturalistic follow-up information at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months were recorded. Results: At baseline, patients were mostly severely ill (YBOCS = 29.9 ± 4.5) and nonresponsive to ≥2 SRIs (83%). Mean duration of inpatient stay was 42.7 ± 25.3 days. At discharge, there was a significant decline in the mean YBOCS score (29.9 ± 4.5 vs. 18.1 ± 7.7, P < .001, Cohen’s d = 1.64); 211/420 (50%) were responders (≥35% YBOCS reduction and CGI-I≤2) and an additional 86/420 (21%) were partial responders (25% to 35% YBOCS reduction and CGI-I≤3). Using latent class growth modeling of the follow-up data, 4 distinct classes were identified, which include “remitters” (14.5%), “responders” (36.5%), “minimal responders” (34.7%), and “nonresponders” (14.6%). Shorter duration of illness, better insight, and lesser contamination/washing symptoms predicted better response in both short- and long-term follow-up. Conclusion: Intensive, inpatient-based care for OCD may be an effective option for patients with severe OCD and should be considered routinely in those who do not respond with outpatient treatment.
An Extended Multi-Surface Sliding Control for Matched/Mismatched Uncertain Nonlinear Systems Through a Lumped Disturbance Estimator

In this paper, we introduce a novel extended sliding mode control algorithm for a class of uncertain nonlinear system through a lumped disturbance estimator. The fundamental concept of this approach is to use multiple proportional-integral sliding surfaces to estimate the lumped disturbances generated by arbitrary matched/mismatched uncertainties. Following, an effectively extended sliding mode controller integrated with the estimated values is designed through the proposed series of sliding-surfaces to deal with the control problem of an uncertain nonlinear engineering model. The stability of both closed-loop control system and lumped disturbance estimator is achieved by Lyapunov theorem. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through simulation results of an illustrative example.
Ultra Miniature 1850 μm2 Ring Oscillator Based Temperature Sensor

Temperature sensing is a necessity in semiconductor products, in order to monitor die behavior and avoid thermal runaway, while achieving high performance. Integrated sensors are used to monitor and regulate numerous hot spots across the die to prevent reliability issues. As the hot spots are in the most congested areas of the chip, it is also desirable for the sensors to have a very small sensing element which can be placed close to the hot-spot. The sensors are also used to monitor the coldest parts of the chip to determine the required Vdd level. These functions require the sensors to be very compact as well as low energy. A ring oscillator based temperature sensor is presented in TSMCs 65nm node, with an area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1850\mu m^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. This sensor has a novel structure which is similar to a bandgap reference, with the BJT devices replaced by scaled ring oscillators. The sensor exhibits a 3-sigma inaccuracy of ±1°C near the throttle point, for hot-spot sensing, and ± 2.5°C over the −10°C to 110°C range. The power supply rejection is 2.4°C/V. The sensor consumes 0.94nJ per <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> conversion and achieves a resolution FOM of 96pJ-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
Dual Autoencoders Generative Adversarial Network for Imbalanced Classification Problem

The imbalanced classification problem has become greatest issue in many fields, especially in fraud detection. In fraud detection, the transaction datasets available for training are extremely imbalanced, with fraudulent transaction logs considerably less represented. Meanwhile, the feature information of the fraud samples with better classification capabilities cannot be mined directly by feature learning methods due to too few fraud samples. These significantly reduce the effectiveness of fraud detection models. In this paper, we proposed a Dual Autoencoders Generative Adversarial Network, which can balance the majority and minority classes and learn feature representations of normal and fraudulent transactions to improve the accuracy of the fraud detection. The new model firstly trains a Generative Adversarial Networks to output sufficient mimicked fraudulent transactions for autoencoder training. Then, two autoencoders are trained on the normal and fraud dataset, respectively. The samples are encoded by two autoencoders to obtain two sets of features, which are combined to form the dual autoencoding features. Finally, the model detects fraudulent transactions by a Neural Network trained on the augmented training set. Experimental results show that the model outperforms a set of well-known classification methods in experiments, especially the sensitivity and precision, which are effectively improved.
Ovicidal and ovipositional effects of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) extracts on rice bug, Leptocorisa chinensis (Dallas)

Abstract Ovicidal and ovipositional effects of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) extracts were tested against rice bug, Leptocorisa chinensis (Dallas), under laboratory and cage conditions, respectively. One- to three-day-old eggs were dipped in the treatments with neem extracts alone and in combination with abamectin (Aba). Treatments with 1.4% neem oil and azadirachtin (Aza) rated at 60, 120 and 180 ppm did not show significant ovicidal effects. Moderate mortality was observed in treatments with Aza at 240 ppm (25–37%) and the combination of neem oil and Aba (36–52%) at day 7, followed by treatments containing Aza in a rate-dependent manner (5–40%). Neem oil moderately reduced oviposition and performed better than Aza at 60 ppm. Adult survival and rice yield were not significantly affected by treatments with Neem oil and Aza used alone. Targeting the adult stage, both treatments did not affect rice yield and quality. Neem extracts and Aba may be used as a supplementary tool in an integrated management programme aimed at controlling rice bug.