Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compositional variation of olivine related to high–temperature serpentinization of peridotites: Evidence from the Oeyama ophiolite

Compositional variation of olivine in serpentinized peridotites provides a significant constraint on modeling the redox conditions of serpentinization and the tectonothermal history of ophiolites. Here I report the variations of Fe, Mg, Mn, and Ni contents of olivine from the Oeyama ophiolite, SW Japan and show textural and chemical evidence for compositional modification of olivine related to high–temperature (T ) serpentinization. The Fe– enrichment of olivine adjacent to antigorite without significant magnetite formation indicates a reducing condition for high–T serpentinization. Systematic variations of forsterite (Fo) component with distance from antigorite suggest Mg–Fe volume diffusion took place in olivine porphyroclasts under the conditions of high–T serpentinization. In addition, a similar diffusion pattern of Mn to Fe results in a retrograde trend in MnO–Fo diagram, which could be a useful indicator of high–T serpentinization. Retrograde antigorite is different from prograde antigorite in having a shape of elongated blade, lacking a significant amount of magnetite inclusion, and being more ferrous than lizardite. The existence of retrograde antigorite provides another piece of evidence for high–T serpentinization even if olivine has been decomposed by intense low–T serpentinization. Approximate estimation of time required for the observed Mg–Fe diffusion profiles of olivine porphyroclasts reveals that a cooling duration under the conditions of high–T serpentinization was much longer than that of amphibolite–facies metasomatism previously reported. This suggests a long residence time of the forearc peridotites within the serpentinized mantle wedge following rapid exhumation immediately after the amphibolite–facies metasomatism.
HDL-cholesterol : Cohort Norway Non-fasting triglycerides predict incident acute myocardial infarction among those with favourable

Aims: to prospectively evaluate the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) associated with non-fasting triglyceride levels. Methods: a health survey of 140,790 Norwegians free of known coronary heart disease at baseline (1994–2003) were followed through December 2009 via record linkages to the Cause of Death Registry and hospital discharge diagnoses in the CVDNOR project, and evaluated in Cox proportional hazards analyses. Results: a total of 3219 (4.8%) men and 1434 (1.9%) women developed an AMI. Women had a steeper gradient risk with increasing triglyceride decile than men, where the highest ( 2.88 mmol/l) compared to the lowest decile (<0.7 mmol/l) was associated with an age-adjusted 4.7-fold excess risk in women in contrast to a 2.8-fold excess risk in men (interaction term, p< 0.001). A significant at-risk HDL-C (<1.0 mmol/l for men and <1.3 mmol/l for women) by triglyceride interaction term was observed. HRs increased with increasing triglyceride quartile in participants with a favourable HDLC after multivariable adjustment (p for trend <0.001), but triglycerides did not significantly predict AMI among those with low HDL-C. For those with favourable HDL-C, net reclassification index identified a 10% and 14% improvement in classification for men and women, respectively. Conclusion: non-fasting triglyceride levels among individuals with favourable HDL-C may help identify a subset of individuals at risk for CHD. Further research is warranted in evaluating non-fasting triglycerides in CHD prediction.
on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence

Although the profile of social cognitive difficulties is well recognized in children with certain neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), this profile is not as well established in other clinical pediatric populations. The objective of the present study is to examine patterns of social perception in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) compared to typically-developing (TD) control children. A total of 56 children between 8 and 12 years of age—35 with FASD and 21 TD—completed the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task – Children’s Version (RMET-C). The RMET-C accuracy scores were compared between groups and also by item difficulty and emotional valence. The relation between cognitive functioning, age, FASD severity, and RMET-C performance was also investigated. The children in the FASD group did not perform as well as the children in the TD group on the RMET-C Total score and Easy items, as well as the Positive, Negative, and Neutral emotional valence items. When age and IQ were investigated, there was a significant effect of age on the Positive items in the TD group, with scores increasing with age. With regard to FASD severity, children with alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder were outperformed by children with full/partial fetal alcohol syndrome on the Positive and Negative items. Overall, these results further the understanding of the social cognitive profile in children with FASD and how this profile relates to other childhoodonset neurodevelopmental disorders. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 16 February 2016 Accepted 3 October 2016 Published online 10 November 2016
Frequency Monitoring of Hemoglobin A 1 c , Low-Density Lipoprotein , and Urine Protein Laboratory Testing

Context. —Ensuring laboratory tests are performed at intervals consistent with established, evidence-based guidelines in diabetic patients is an important aspect of laboratory utilization. Objectives. —To measure how frequently diabetes mellitus patients are tested for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lowdensity lipoprotein, and urine protein and to determine whether the frequencies with which these analytes are tested are consistent with recognized guidelines. Design. —Participants prospectively identified up to 40 patients with a current HbA1c result and at least 2 previous measurements within the past 24 months. For each patient identified with at least 3 HbA1c measurements during a 24month period, participants also determined the number of low-density lipoprotein and spot or random urine protein tests that were performed during those 24 months. Results. —Participants from 49 institutions submitted a total of 1915 cases that met the study criteria of at least 3 HbA1c test results within the past 24 months. Approximately 95% of patients had 8 or fewer HbA1c tests in the past 24 months; 79% of patients with at least 3 HbA1c tests had at least 2 low-density lipoprotein tests and 27% had at least 2 urine protein tests reported during the 24-month study period. Conclusions. —Participating laboratories were generally successful in documenting appropriate utilization of HbA1c testing in diabetes mellitus monitoring, but had more difficulty documenting that diabetes mellitus patients had annual testing for low-density lipoprotein and urine protein. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138:1009–1014; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0349-CP)
Beyond CAPM: an innovative factor model to optimize the risk and return trade-off

Different models have tried to improve the Capital Asset Pricing Model findings, on the basis that different factors can affect asset return. This paper examines a series of explanatory factors, broader than those explained by traditional theory, to see whether they are able to more accurately explain the returns. Should the previous point be confirmed, we must consider that the risk of an asset depends on multiple factors, rather than the few that are usually identified in the literature. Even though more than 300,000 factors are examined in this paper, the results show that in recent years just 87 factors are able to fully explain the returns of 4,500 companies in the 15 European countries examined. Our analysis also shows that business and macroeconomic, rather than financial factors, are those that heavily bear on asset returns; and that factors that affect asset return, either only positively or only negatively, do not exist. However, the same factor can affect some companies positively and others negatively. Thus, since not all firms are always sensitive to the same factors, there is the possibility to further decrease risk in proportion to return, through a factor-based risk optimisation process.
Author ' s personal copy Clostridium difficile infection in horses : A review

Clostridium difficile is considered one of the most important causes of diarrhea and enterocolitis in horses. Foals and adult horses are equally susceptible to the infection. The highly resistant spore of C. difficile is the infectious unit of transmission, which occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, with sources of infection including equine feces, contaminated soil, animal hospitals, and feces of other animals. Two major risk factors for the development of C. difficile associated disease (CDAD) in adult horses are hospitalization and antimicrobial treatment, although sporadically, cases of CDAD can occur in horses that have not received antimicrobials or been hospitalized. The most common antibiotics associated with CDAD in horses are erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfonamides, b-lactam antimicrobials, clindamycin, rifampicin, and gentamicin. Clinical signs and intestinal lesions of CDAD infection are not specific and they cannot be used to distinguish infections by C. difficile from infections by other agents, such as Clostridium perfringens or Salmonella sp. The distribution of lesions throughout the intestinal tract seems to be age-dependent. Small intestine is invariably affected, and colon and cecum may or may not have lesions in foals < 1-month old. Naturally acquired disease in older foals and adult horses has a more aboral distribution, affecting colon and sometimes cecum, but rarely the small intestine. Detection of toxin A, toxin B or both in intestinal contents or feces is considered the most reliable diagnostic criterion for CDAD in horses. Isolation of toxigenic strains of C. difficile from horses with intestinal disease is highly suggestive of CDAD. A better understanding of pathogenesis, reservoirs of infection, and vaccines and other methods of control is needed. Also further studies are recommended to investigate other possible predisposing factors and/or etiological agents of enteric diseases of horses. 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. * Corresponding author at: California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, San Bernardino Branch, University of California-Davis, 105 West Central Avenue, San Bernardino, CA 92408, USA. Tel. : +1 909 383 4287; fax: +1 909 884 5980. E-mail address: fuzal@cahfs.ucdavis. edu (F.A. Uzal).
Pigeon circovirus infections are very common in the domestic pigeon population , and their clinical form occurring in young birds is called

Pigeon circovirus (PiCV) is an immunosuppressive agent widespread throughout the world, which causes a disease in pigeons called Young Pigeon Disease Syndrome. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of PiCV in Poland and investigate the genetic diversity relative to other known PiCV isolates. Samples from 152 pigeon flocks (88 flocks of racing pigeons and 64 flocks of fancy pigeons) from various regions of Poland were tested by polymerase chain reaction and an approximately 326-base fragment of the capsid protein gene (Cap gene) of the virus was amplified. The average viral prevalence was found to be 70.3% (76.13% in racing pigeons and 62.5% in fancy pigeons). Among the obtained positive samples, 21 were selected for sequencing and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. It was found that the majority of Polish PiCV isolates, to varying degrees, are related to isolates occurring in Europe. It was also observed that the Cap gene is variable and mutations often occur in it, which impacts the amino acid sequences in the capsid protein (nucleotide similarity averaged 86.57%, amino acid similarity averaged 89.02%).
ANTIGEN PRESENTATION BY FIXED ADHERENT APCs TO DETECT PREPROCESSED PEPTIDE

Antigen-processing experiments can be done with a wide variety of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). An important technical distinction for some types of experiments is whether the APCs are adherent or nonadherent, since this dictates the procedures that must be used to wash the cells as the medium is changed. The following protocols describe approaches that can be used for adherent cells (e.g., macrophages or fibroblasts; see Alternate Protocol 1) or nonadherent cells (e.g., B lymphoma cell lines; see Alternate Protocol 2), or both (see Basic Protocol and Alternate Protocol 3) using similar cell numbers. Approximately 10-fold fewer dendritic cells will provide effective results using these types of assays (De Bruijn et al., 1992). The following protocols utilize T hybridomas (UNIT 3.14) to detect expression of peptide-MHC complexes, since these cells provide the most convenient, consistent, and flexible T cell readout systems for these purposes. If desired, antigen-specific T cell clones (UNIT 3.13) can be used in lieu of T hybridoma cells, but T cell clones often give poorer responses than T hybridomas to fixed APCs due to fixation-induced loss of costimulator function.
The Relative Efficiency of Stockmarkets

Financial economists usually assess market efficiency in absolute terms. This is a shortcoming. One way of dealing with the relative efficiency of markets is to resort to the efficiency interpretation provided by algorithmic complexity theory. This paper employs such an approach in order to rank 36 stock exchanges and 37 individual company stocks in terms of their relative efficiency.
Searching for dark matter in the CMB: A compact parametrization of energy injection from new physics

High-precision measurements of the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background radiation have been previously employed to set robust constraints on dark matter annihilation during recombination. In this work we improve and generalize these constraints to apply to energy deposition during the recombination era with arbitrary redshift dependence. Our approach also provides more rigorous and model-independent bounds on dark matter annihilation and decay scenarios. We employ principal component analysis to identify a basis of weighting functions for the energy deposition. The coefficients of these weighting functions parameterize any energy deposition model and can be constrained directly by experiment. For generic energy deposition histories that are currently allowed by WMAP7 data, up to 3 principal component coefficients are measurable by Planck and up to 5 coefficients are measurable by an ideal cosmic variance limited experiment. For WIMP dark matter, our analysis demonstrates that the effect on the CMB is described well by a single (normalization) parameter and a "universal" redshift dependence for the energy deposition history. We give WMAP 7 constraints on both generic energy deposition histories and the universal WIMP case.
Brownian Dynamics Simulation Study on the Anisotropic FENE Dumbbell Model for Concentrated Polymer Solution and the Melt

simulation. 9 Wiest 10 modified the Giesekus constitutive equation by incorporating the finite extensibility of polymer chains into the dumbbell kinetic theory. The modified constitutive equation quantitatively described the steady state viscosity in the shear and elongational flow, but could not reproduce the growth of viscosity in elongational flow. When he modified the constitutive equation, he used the FENE-P 11 spring force in order to obtain an analytically more tractable constitutive equation because no closed constitutive equation for the polymeric stress tensor exists and no simple analytical solutions are possible for original FENE dumbbell model. In this paper, we use the Brownian dynamics simulation method to obtain the polymeric stress tensors for the original FENE dumbbell model with the anisotropic mobility tensor. We also derive the constitutive equation in simple form for the FENE-P dumbbell model using the phase-space kinetics theory. From the Brownian dynamics simulation, we obtain the growth of and steady state viscosity for simple shear and elongational flow. These results will be compared with those of FENE-P dumbbell model and experimental data.
Reports Real-time Visualization of Altered Gastric Motility by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Parkinson ’ s Disease

Gastrointestinal motility is frequently affected in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and has even been reported in early stages of PD. We hypothesized that gastric motility can be assessed in vivo by real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an established, noninvasive method. After an overnight fast and a standardized test meal, 10 patients with PD (six drug naı̈ve, four treated) and 10 healthy volunteers underwent real-time MRI scanning of the stomach. Gastric motility was quantified by calculating the gastric motility indices (GMI) from transversal oblique und sagittal oblique MRI scans. There was a trend toward a decreased gastric motility in patients with PD compared with healthy controls (Mann-Whitney test, P 0.059). This difference in peristalsis was due to a significant reduction in the amplitude of peristaltic contractions (P 0.029) and not to a decelerated velocity of the peristaltic waves (P 0.97). Real-time MRI allows direct visualization of gastric motility in PD. In this pilot study, a relatively high interindividual variability impaired accurate separation of our PD sample from healthy controls. The trend toward decreased gastric motility is in accordance with previous studies that investigated gastric motility in patients with PD using other methods. Our study provides first demonstration of a possible underlying mechanism for disturbed gastric motility in PD (reduced amplitude of contractions versus altered velocity of peristaltic waves). Further studies in drug-naı̈ve PD patients are required to determine the discriminatory power and validity of this technique in PD. 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Design of Biotin-Functionalized Luminescent

We report the design and synthesis of a tetraethylene glycol(TEG-) based bidentate ligand functionalized with dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) and biotin (DHLA—TEG—biotin) to promote biocompatibility of luminescent quantum dots (QD’s). This new ligand readily binds to CdSe—ZnS core-shell QDs via surface ligand exchange. QDs capped with a mixture of DHLA and DHLA—TEG— biotin or polyethylene glycol(PEG-) (molecular weight average ∼600) modified DHLA (DHLA—PEG600) and DHLA—TEG— biotin are easily dispersed in aqueous buffer solutions. In particular, homogeneous buffer solutions of QDs capped with a mixture of DHLA—PEG600 and DHLA—TEG—biotin that are stable over broad pH range have been prepared. QDs coated with mixtures of DHLA/DHLA—TEG—biotin and with DHLA—PEG600/DHLA—TEG—biotin were tested in surface binding assays and the results indicate that biotin groups on the QD surface interact specifically with NeutrAvidin-functionalized microtiter well plates.
Following Lower Extremity Botulinum Toxin Injections Upper Extremity Function and Occupational Performance in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy

We studied the effect of botulinum toxin A injections to the lower extremities of spastic cerebral palsy children on upper limb body function and occupational performance. A total of 16 children with spastic cerebral palsy, aged 2 to 8 years, Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I-IV, referred to a child neurology outpatient clinic for botulinum toxin A injections to the lower limbs, underwent 4 assessments: 1 month prior to injection, immediate pre injection, and at 1 and 5 to 6 months post injection. Three tools were used to test everyday function (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory) and upper extremity body function (Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test). Significant improvement was documented between the immediate preinjection and the 2 postinjection assessments, indicating that improvement lasted for at least 6 months. Botulinum toxin A injections to the lower extremities in children with cerebral palsy improve upper limb body function and occupational performance.
Production of Complex/Compounds Sentences in the Spontaneous Speech of Typically Developing Children and Children with Williams Syndrome

Literature claims individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a rare congenital genetic mental retardation syndrome, easily engage in conversation and demonstrate unique and advanced linguistic skills compared to typically developing peers (TDP). These claims are supported by limited empirical evidence, however. One method of judging advanced linguistic skills is to compare the production of complex/compound sentences of children with WS and their TDP. The purpose of the study was to determine whether children with WS use more complex/compound sentences than children who are typically developing. Twelve subjects participated in the study. Six subjects with WS (SWS), mean age 15, and 6 subjects who are typically developing, mean age 6-4. Subjects were matched according to gender and verbal performance. Two judges evaluated 100 utterances (oral statements) from each of the12 subjects and determined the sentence type of each utterance. Compound, complex and complex/compound sentences were coded. Data were analyzed employing Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (SALT), a set of computer programs designed to analyze and interpret language samples. The range, mean and standard deviation for each sentence type were computed. Results indicate TDP display a greater number of complex, compound and complex/compound sentences compared to SWS. Implications are discussed. 1 Boyle: Production of Complex/Compounds Sentences in the Spontaneous Spee Published by Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato, 2001
1 I 3 : A Non-Parametric Alternative to the Journal Impact Factor

We applied the integrated impact indicator (I3) to more than 10,000 journals and compared the results with other journal metrics. I3 provides a non-parametric statistic combining the measurement of impact in terms of citations (c) and performance in terms of publications (p) into a single metric. We argue for weighting using four percentile classes: the top-1% and top-10% as excellence indicators; the top-50% and bottom-50% as performance indicators. Unlike the hindex, which also appreciates both c and p, I3 correlates significantly with both the total number of citations and publications. I3 and h-index are size-dependent; division of I3 by the number of publications (I3/N) provides a size-independent indicator which correlates strongly with (the standard two-year) impact factor (JIF2) and JIF5 (JIF based on five publication years). The values of I3 and I3/N can be statistically tested against the expectation or one another using chisquare tests or effect sizes. Thus, one can indicate both performance and impact with a single number. We provide a template (in Excel) online for relevant tests.