Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Practice Recommendations for the Recognition and Management of Hearing and Vision Impairment in People with Dementia

Introduction: Hearing, vision, and cognitive impairment commonly co-occur in older people. However, the rate of recognition and appropriate management of combined hearing and vision impairment in people with dementia impairment is low. The aim of this work was to codevelop internationally relevant, multidisciplinary practice recommendations for professionals involved in the diagnosis, care, and management of older people with these concurrent conditions. Methods: We applied consensus methods with professional and lay expert stakeholders, using an adapted version of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development. The development involved 4 phases and included: (1) collating existing evidence, (2) filling the gaps in evidence, (3) prioritising evidence, and (4) refining the final list of recommendations. Each phase encompassed various methodologies including a review of existing guidelines within the 3 clinical domains, systematic reviews, qualitative studies, a clinical professional consortium, surveys, and consensus meetings with interdisciplinary domain experts. Results: The task force evaluated an initial list of 26 recommendations, ranking them in the order of priority. A consensus was reached on 15 recommendations, which are classified into 6 domains of “awareness and knowledge,” “recognition and detection,” “evaluation,” “management,” “support,” and “services and policies. ” Pragmatic options for implementation for each domain were then developed. Conclusion: This is the first set of international, interdisciplinary practice recommendations that will guide the development of multidisciplinary services and policy to improve the lives of people with dementia and hearing and vision impairment.
A short-term magnetic resonance imaging analysis of acetabular adaptation in developmental dysplasia of the hip by open reduction or open reduction combined with Dega osteotomy

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most common limb deformities in pediatric orthopedics. Patients who cannot achieve closed reduction, or cannot maintain concomitant reduction, suffer from repeated dislocation or delay in diagnosis, treatment and need to undergo open reduction (OR) therapy. However, since researchers have demonstrated that patients treated by OR are prone to continue to experience acetabular dysplasia and dislocation, it is recommended that OR and pelvic osteotomy should be performed at the same time in order to correct dysplasia, reduce the incidence of residual acetabular dysplasia and the rate of long-term reoperation. By performing pelvic osteotomy, acetabular coverage can be increased and the occurrence of hip instability can be avoided in the long run. In recent years, Dega osteotomy has been widely applied in clinical practice because of its wide indications, simplicity of operation, low trauma, and lack of necessity to take the history of hip surgery into account.
Long‐term quality of life, sexual health and gastrointestinal function following colorectal cancer resection in an Asian cohort

As populations age and cancer management improves, long‐term survivorship and quality‐of‐life (QOL) outcomes are becoming equally important as oncological results. Data from Asian populations are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the sexual health, gastrointestinal function and QOL amongst colorectal cancer survivors in a tertiary referral centre in Singapore.
Acute shame in response to dissociative detachment: evidence from non-clinical and traumatised samples

ABSTRACT Two studies employed a dissociative detachment induction technique to examine if experiences of dissociation increased acute shame feelings. Study 1 recruited college participants, while Study 2 enlisted adults attending treatment for childhood sexual abuse. Two hypotheses were explored: (1) more shame would be reported following a dissociative detachment induction than a relaxation induction; and (2) shame would increase when detachment was induced in the relationship context of a close other than when alone. Study 1 (N = 81) effectively induced detachment and participants reported higher shame in this condition compared to the relaxation condition. This effect was maintained when state anxiety was controlled. The relationship context produced no impact on dissociation or shame. Attributions around feeling flawed predominantly linked detachment experiences with subsequent shame feelings. In Study 2 with clinical participants (N = 28), regression analyses showed state shame was predicted by acute detachment after controlling for state anxiety, gender, and trait shame and dissociation. The most common appraisals offered for why detachment led to feelings of shame was being flawed and exposed. Collectively, our findings suggest that increased acute shame results from detachment experiences, making more specific the relationship between shame and dissociation.
Group‐level physiological synchrony and individual‐level anxiety predict positive affective behaviors during a group decision‐making task

Abstract Joint performance can lead to the synchronization of physiological processes among group members during a shared task. Recently, it has been shown that synchronization is indicative of subjective ratings of group processes and task performance. However, different methods have been used to quantify synchronization, and little is known about the effects of the choice of method and level of analysis (individuals, dyads, or triads) on the results. In this study, participants performed a decision‐making task in groups of three while physiological signals (heart rate and electrodermal activity), positive affective behavior, and personality traits were measured. First, we investigated the effects of different levels of analysis of physiological synchrony on affective behavior. We computed synchrony measures as (a) individual contributions to group synchrony, (b) the average dyadic synchrony within a group, and (c) group‐level synchrony. Second, we assessed the association between physiological synchrony and positive affective behavior. Third, we investigated the moderating effects of trait anxiety and social phobia on behavior. We discovered that the effects of physiological synchrony on positive affective behavior were particularly strong at the group level but nonsignificant at the individual and dyadic levels. Moreover, we found that heart rate and electrodermal synchronization showed opposite effects on group members' display of affective behavior. Finally, trait anxiety moderated the relationship between physiological synchrony and affective behavior, perhaps due to social uncertainty, while social phobia did not have a moderating effect. We discuss these results regarding the role of different physiological signals and task demands during joint action.
Association Between Business Travel, Health-Related Behaviors, and Adiposity

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objective: To evaluate the associations between frequency of business travel and health behaviors and adiposity. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of de-identified electronic medical records from 795 corporate physical exams. Results: Business travel frequency demonstrates a curvilinear relationship with body mass index and body composition in men and women, with domestic and international travel. Linear and quadratic term beta coefficients indicate stronger associations between the sum of domestic and international travel and BMI, body fat percentage, and visceral adipose tissue in women than men, after accounting for age, exercise, and sleep. Based on our male sample population, international travel frequency has a greater influence on adiposity than summed (mostly domestic) travel. Conclusions: Frequent business travel adversely affects body composition, with differences by gender and type of travel.
SiCEP3, a C-terminally encoded peptide from Setaria italica, promotes ABA import and signaling.

C-terminally encoded peptides (CEPs) are small peptides, typically post-translationally modified, and highly conserved in many species. CEPs are known to inhibit plant growth and development, but the mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, fourteen CEPs were identified in Setaria italica and were divided into two groups. The transcripts of most SiCEPs were more abundant in roots than in other detected tissues. SiCEP3 to SiCEP5 were also expressed highly in panicles. Moreover, expression of all SiCEPs was induced by abiotic stresses and phytohormones. SiCEP3 overexpression and application of biosynthetic SiCEP3 both inhibited seedling growth. In the presence of abscisic acid, growth inhibition and ABA content of seedlings increased with the concentration of SiCEP3. Transcripts encoding eight ABA transporters and six ABA receptors were induced or repressed by SiCEP3, ABA, and the combination. Further analysis using loss-of-function mutants of genes involved in Arabidopsis ABA transporters, receptors, biosynthesis and degradation revealed that SiCEP3 promoted ABA import at least via NRT1.2 and ABCG40. In addition, SiCEP3, ABA, or the combination inhibited the kinase activities of CEP receptors CEPR1/2. Taken together, our results indicated that the CEP-CEPR module mediate ABA signaling by regulating ABA transporters and ABA receptors in planta.
Working From Home During a Pandemic

Objective: To determine ergonomic problems when working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic with regard to musculoskeletal pain, sleep conditions, physical activity, resting, equipment, and productivity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, office workers who switched to working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic participated in an online survey (n = 194). The data were interpreted using descriptive and multivariate regression analysis. Results: A significant increase in back pain was revealed (P < 0.001). Significant weight gain was observed (P < 0.001) connected to a decrease in physical activity and an increase in the consumption of junk food. Despite the negative health impact, participants self-reported an increase in productivity. Conclusion: The self-reported productivity was higher during the working from home, but a declining trend in employee health can be observed including low back pain and weight gain.
Nanoplatform-Integrated Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction Techniques: A Critical Review

Abstract Preparation of the biological samples is one of the most critical steps in sample analysis. In past decades, the liquid–liquid extraction technique has been used to extract the desired analytes from complex biological matrices. However, solid-phase extraction (SPE) gained popularity due to versatility, simplicity, selectivity, reproducibility, high sample recovery %, solvent economy, and time-saving nature. The superior extraction efficiency of SPE can be attributed to the development of advanced techniques, including the nanosorbents technology. The nanosorbent technology significantly simplified the sample preparation, improved the selectivity, diversified the application, and accelerated the sample analysis. This review critically expands on the to-date advancements reported in SPE with particular regards to the nanosorbent technology.
A Healthy Future: Platinum in Medical Applications

Johnson Matthey Medical Products, 12205 World Trade Drive, San Diego, California 92128, USA; *E-mail: woodwbk@jmusa.com The world’s growing population demands increasing access to advanced healthcare treatments. Platinum is used to make essential components for a range of medical devices, including pacemakers, implantable defibrillators, catheters, stents and neuromodulation devices. The properties of platinum which make it suitable for medical device applications include its biocompatibility, inertness within the body, durability, electrical conductivity and radiopacity.Components can be manufactured in a variety of forms, from rod, wire and ribbon to sheet and foil, plus high-precision micromachined parts. As well as biomedical device components,platinum also finds use in anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin.
Cover Crop Soil Legacies Alter Phytochemistry and Resistance to Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Maize

Abstract Plant-soil feedbacks can mediate aboveground plant–herbivore interactions by impacting plant chemistry. Given that soil legacies and agricultural practices are closely tied, a better understanding of soil legacy cascades and their application in pest management are needed. We tested how cover crop legacies alter resistance to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize (Zea mays L., Poales: Poaceae). We compared herbivore performance and behavior of fall armyworm larvae on maize grown after four cover crop treatments: a leguminous mycorrhizal cover crop (pea: Pisum sativum L., Fabales: Fabaceae), a nonleguminous mycorrhizal cover crop (triticale: x Triticosecale Wittm. Ex A. Camus, Poales: Poaceae), a nonleguminous nonmycorrhizal cover crop (radish: Raphanus sativus L., Brassicales: Brassicaceae), and no cover crops (fallow). Soil inorganic N was highest in pea treatments and lowest in triticale treatments, while maize AMF colonization was greatest when grown after mycorrhizal cover crops compared to nonmycorrhizal or no cover crops. Cover crop legacies altered the emission of maize volatiles and fall armyworm larvae oriented toward odors emitted by maize grown after radish more frequently than triticale in olfactometer assays. Additionally, larvae performed better and consumed more leaf tissue when feeding on maize grown after radish and poorest on plants grown after triticale. When damaged by fall armyworm, maize grown after triticale expressed higher levels of lipoxygenase-3 (lox3), while plants grown after radish upregulated maize proteinase inhibitor (mpi) gene expression. Our results highlight the importance of appropriate cover crop selection and suggest that triticale could strengthen maize resistance to fall armyworm. Graphical Abstract
An integrative synthesis to global amphibian conservation priorities

Human activities are driving many species to the brink of extinction, and the current distribution of protected areas only weakly alleviates pressure on threatened species. This discrepancy reflects the presence of protected areas on lands available instead of the ecological, evolutionary, or conservation values of species present. Habitat loss consequently continues to impact threatened species, as illustrated by geographic patterns of biodiversity loss for amphibians. Given the need to better align the boundaries of protected areas with at‐risk biodiversity, we assessed the importance of various factors for identifying global and biome‐level conservation priority areas, specifically for amphibians. We identified, mapped, and ranked areas of critical conservation importance for all amphibian species on earth using a new integrative tool that scores the urgency of conserving each species and location based on a combination of species characteristics and ecoregion‐level human impacts. Our integrative approach is novel in that it accounts for likely threats to Data Deficient species, considers the irreplaceability of unique species that are phylogenetically isolated, and addresses the localized conservation implications of species endemicity and projected future human impacts to an ecoregion. For comparison, we also mapped and ranked amphibian biodiversity using species richness and an Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) score proxy. Our integrative approach predicted key regions for amphibian conservation that were not apparent when using a simple species richness or EDGE score proxy‐based approach. Furthermore, by scaling conservation priority scores relative to biome, we identified several temperate and xeric regions of crucial yet overlooked conservation importance for amphibians. Until global amphibian diversity is thoroughly catalogued, we recommend using our integrative scoring approach to set geographic priorities for amphibian habitat protection, while acknowledging that this approach may be complemented by others (e.g., EDGE scores). Our study provides an avenue for avoiding common pitfalls of more simplistic species richness‐based approaches for conservation planning, and can be used to improve the future design of protected areas.
Starchy vegetable intake in the first trimester is associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective population-based study

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between starchy vegetable consumption and subgroup consumption in the first trimester and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A prospective study (n = 1444) was conducted in China. Dietary information was assessed by 24-hour dietary recalls for three days and then we calculated the consumption of total starchy vegetable and its subgroups, including (1) potato and (2) other starchy vegetable (pumpkin, lotus root, yam, taro, water chestnut, pea, and cowpea). GDM was diagnosed according to the results of 75-g two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24–28 weeks of gestation. A modified log-binomial regression was used to estimate RRs and 95% CIs of GDM risk. Results Among the 1444 participants in our study, 520 were diagnosed with GDM. The adjusted RRs (95% CIs) for GDM from the lowest to the highest quartiles of total starchy vegetable consumption were 1.00 (reference), 1.29 (1.06, 1.57), 1.13 (0.93, 1.40), and 1.26 (1.02, 1.56), respectively; p for trend = . 032. For potato, the RR of GDM risk was 1.32 for the highest potato intake quartile compared with the lowest quartile (95% CI 1.07–1.64, p for trend = .003). In addition, we did not observe an association between other starchy vegetable intakes and GDM risk. Conclusions A higher consumption of total starchy vegetables and potatoes in the first trimester is associated with a greater risk of GDM.
The preparation and biological evaluation of human-like collagen-microporous

Focusing on the microporous starch,the research on a new composite material preparation and the biological evaluation of hemostasis have been done. The composite material is made of certain proportion of α-am-ylase and glucoamylase,prepared by mixing microporous starch,which use the glutaraldehyde method human-like collagen( HLC) crosslinking,through glutaraldehyde crosslinking,then use SD rats with liver hemorrhage model for comparative tests detect bleeding. Consequently,the results show that the optimum conditionsis α-amylase: Glucoamylase = 1 ∶ 3,Tempreture / ℃ = 50,Time / h = 20,pH = 4. 8. Then Adding 0. 2%( V / V) ethanol solution of glutaraldehyde to composite microporous starch and HLC. At the same time of hemostasis,the composite' s average water absorption is 3 580%,meanwhile,the control group( which are microporous starch and HLC sponge) are 3 160% and 3 280%. In rat liver hemostasis experiments show that the composited material of Time / s = 94 ± 13,however,the microporous starch purchased of Time / s = 121 ± 15. As the composited material,the principle of hemostasis promote to three factors to undertake as follow: ①microporous starch absorbs water from the blood,furthermore,gather tangible substance on the surface; ②accelerating the activation of clotting factor endogenous take form of thrombus; ③ In the interaction of HLC,the granules of microporous starch,dramatically,increase specific surface area,showed the composite is pretty material for the area hemostatic. By the contrast,the control group has the first two aspects of the composited material only. From results,the material is better than the control group. The results show that the composited material has good effect on hemostatic area.
Venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine serum levels are positively associated with antidepressant response in elder depressed out-patients

Abstract Background Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) represents one of the most promising tools in clinical practice to optimise antidepressant treatment. Nevertheless, little is still known regarding the relationship between clinical efficacy and serum concentration of venlafaxine (VEN). The aim of our study was to investigate the association between serum concentration of venlafaxine + O-desmethylvenlafaxine (SCVO) and antidepressant response (AR). Methods 52 depressed outpatients treated with VEN were recruited and followed in a naturalistic setting for three months. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-21 was administered at baseline, at month 1 and at month 3 to assess AR. SCVO was measured at steady state. Linear regression analysis and nonlinear least-squares regression were used to estimate association between SCVO and AR. Results Our results showed an association between AR and SCVO that follows a bell-shaped quadratic function with a progressive increase of AR within the therapeutic reference range of SCVO (i.e. 100–400 ng/mL) and a subsequent decrease of AR at higher serum levels. Discussion This study strongly suggests that TDM could represent a more appropriate tool than the oral dosage to optimise the treatment with VEN. Specifically, highest efficacy might be achieved by titrating patients at SCVO levels around 400 ng/mL
Loss of mGluR1-LTD following cocaine exposure accumulates Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors and facilitates synaptic potentiation in the prefrontal cortex

Abstract Addiction results from drug-elicited alterations of synaptic plasticity mechanisms in dopaminergic reward circuits. Impaired metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-dependent long-term depression (LTD) and accumulation of synaptic Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) following drug exposure have emerged as important mechanisms underlying drug craving and relapse. Here we show that repeated cocaine exposure in vivo causes transient but complete loss of mGluR1- and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)-dependent LTD in layer 5 pyramidal neurons of mouse prefrontal cortex (PFC), a major dopaminergic target in the reward circuitry. This mGluR1-LTD impairment was prevented by in vivo administration of an mGluR1 positive allosteric modulator (PAM) and rescued by inhibition of dopamine D1 receptors, suggesting that impaired mGluR1 tone and excessive D1 signaling underlie this LTD deficit. Concurrently, CP-AMPARs were generated, indicated by increased sensitivity to the CP-AMPAR inhibitor Naspm and rectification of synaptic AMPAR currents, which were reversed by PAM in cocaine-exposed mice. Finally, these CP-AMPARs mediate an abnormal spike-timing-dependent long-term potentiation enabled by cocaine exposure. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which cocaine impairs LTD and remodels synaptic AMPARs to influence Hebbian plasticity in the PFC. Failure to undergo LTD may prevent the reversal of drug-potentiated brain circuits to their baseline states, perpetuating addictive behaviors. HIGHLIGHTS A mGluR1- and mTOR-dependent LTD is present in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex. Repeated cocaine exposure in vivo temporally but completely abolishes prefrontal mGluR1-LTD. Impaired mGluR1 function and excessive D1 DA signaling likely underlie cocaine impairment of mGluR1-LTD. Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors are generated by cocaine exposure, likely resulting from mGluR1-LTD impairment, and contribute to a cocaine-induced extended spike timing LTP.