Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caracteres ecológicos y dendrométricos que influyen en la producción de resina en Pinus oocarpa de Michoacán, México

El Estado de Michoacán es el primer productor de resina en el país y Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl. es una de sus especies más importantes por la alta producción y calidad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las características dendrométricas y productivas en relación con el clima y el suelo de 30 árboles seleccionados como superiores en producción de resina en condiciones naturales en Michoacán, México. En la zona de estudio se presentan los suelos acrisol ocrico-luvisol y luvisol crómico, dos climas (A)C(w1)(w) y Aw0(w), con temperatura media de 18 °C a 22 °C, precipitación anual entre 800 mm y 1200 mm y humedad relativa predominante de 70% a 90%. El DAP de los árboles varió de entre 31.5 cm y 89.5 cm, la altura total entre 9.0 m y 27.5 m, diámetro de copa entre 5.9 m y 14.35 m, con una producción media de resina en cinco meses de 10.67 kg. Las variables que más aportaron a la producción de resina fueron el tipo de clima, altura de fuste limpio y número de caras vivas. El suelo presentó una correlación positiva con la altura de fuste limpio (r = 0.39). Los resultados sugieren que el clima semicálido subhúmedo, los suelos de tipo luvisol crómico y la temperatura, favorecen la producción de resina en P. oocarpa, por lo que podrían usarse como indicadores en la búsqueda de árboles y zonas con buena producción para esta especie.
Time Course of Changes in Peripheral Blood Gene Expression During Medication Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder

Changes in gene expression (GE) during antidepressant treatment may increase understanding of the action of antidepressant medications and serve as biomarkers of efficacy. GE changes in peripheral blood are desirable because they can be assessed easily on multiple occasions during treatment. We report here on GE changes in 68 individuals who were treated for 8 weeks with either escitalopram alone, or escitalopram followed by bupropion. GE changes were assessed after 1, 2, and 8 weeks of treatment, with significant changes observed in 156, 121, and 585 peripheral blood gene transcripts, respectively. Thirty-one transcript changes were shared between the 1- and 8-week time points (seven upregulated, 24 downregulated). Differences were detected between the escitalopram- and bupropion-treated subjects, although there was no significant association between GE changes and clinical outcome. A subset of 18 genes overlapped with those previously identified as differentially expressed in subjects with MDD compared with healthy control subjects. There was statistically significant overlap between genes differentially expressed in the current and previous studies, with 10 genes overlapping in at least two previous studies. There was no enrichment for genes overexpressed in nervous system cell types, but there was a trend toward enrichment for genes in the WNT/β-catenin pathway in the anterior thalamus; three genes in this pathway showed differential expression in the present and in three previous studies. Our dataset and other similar studies will provide an important source of information about potential biomarkers of recovery and for potential dysregulation of GE in MDD.
A HETEROGENEOUS BIODIESEL PRODUCTION KINETIC MODEL UN MODELO CINÉTICO HETERGÉNEO PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE BIODIESEL

A HETEROGENEOUS BIODIESEL PRODUCTION KINETIC MODEL UN MODELO CINÉTICO HETERGÉNEO PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE BIODIESEL M. M. González-Brambila1∗, J. A. Montoya de la Fuente2, O. González-Brambila3 y F. López-Isunza4 1Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco. Av. San Pablo 180. Col. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco. México, 02200, D. F. , México. 2Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo. DIyP. Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152, México 07730, D. F. , México. 3Centro de Ingenierı́a y D sarrollo In ustrial, Av. Playa Pie de la Cuesta No. 702. D sar ollo San Pablo, Querétaro, Qro. , 76130, México. 4Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa. Apdo. Postal 55-534, México 09340, D.F. , México
Geometrical considerations of spaceborne SAR surveys

In this paper, the conventional approximation of stationary locally range-dependent straight orbits for LEO spaceborne SAR surveys is analysed. This approximation breaks down in demanding scenarios, e.g., high-resolution, squinted, or bistatic SAR, which are likely to play an important role in future spaceborne SAR missions. The dependencies of the image formation parameters with respect to topography and squint are analysed. Further, an exemplary analysis of the expected variations along the orbit, i.e., azimuth variance, is presented. To complete the analysis, the impact of the intrapulse motion of the satellite in squinted geometries is considered. The understanding of the residual geometric components including the parameters having an impact on them is a first step to the development of efficient SAR image formation schemes for future challenging spaceborne SAR missions.
A PEGylated deep eutectic solvent for controllable solvothermal synthesis of porous NiCo2S4 for efficient oxygen evolution reaction

As ionic liquid analogues or quasi-ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been applied in many fields in the past few years. Herein, a novel PEGylated DES composed of PEG 200 and thiourea was formed for the first time and used for solvothermal synthesis of nickel cobalt sulfides. The structure and composition of the as-synthesized sulfides can be tuned by adjustment of the ratio of the reactants. The PEGylated DES plays multiple roles as a solvent, a shape-control agent, and a sulfur source in the synthesis of sulfides. Compared with traditional sulfuration routes, this proposed route is cost-effective and energy-efficient by combining solvothermal synthesis and the sulfuration process. The prepared sulfides were used as catalysts for electrochemical water oxidation and they exhibited excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, especially for NiCo2S4 with hierarchical pores. The overpotential (η) demand was 337 mV for the current density reaching 10 mA cm−2 and the Tafel slope was 64 mV dec−1 in an alkaline medium (1 M KOH) for NiCo2S4. In addition, NiCo2S4 demonstrated long-term stability with little deactivation after either thirty hours of continuous operation or two thousand cycles and a high faradaic efficiency of 95.8%. Synergistic effects including a relatively high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller area, abundant active sites, easy diffusion of electrolytes and oxygen gas, and strong structural integrity contribute to the high activity and long-term stability of the catalyst for OER. This study provides a new method for the synthesis of hierarchically structured metal sulfides for energy conversion and storage applications.
Mathematics Learning and Teaching in Japanese Preschool: Providing Appropriate Foundations for an Elementary Schooler’s Mathematics Learning

Increasingly, it has become recognized that young children's mathematical knowledge is fundamental to their mathematics learning at school. Consistent with this claim, the mathematical knowledge of at-risk students (e.g., students from low-income families) is lower than that of those without risk, even at school entry. Similarly, Asian children have been shown to perform better at mathematics than their counterparts in many other countries, both at school and preschool level. This suggests that Asian children are better prepared for mathematics when entering schools than children in other countries. Children's mathematical learning at school benefits largely from appropriate pre-school education. This article proposes an alternative and potentially effective way to support young children's mathematical learning without relying on systematic teaching, by introducing Japanese preschool math activities as an example. The studies indicate that Japanese preschool teachers effectively facilitate young children's mathematics learning by frequently embedding mathematics in everyday activities. I consider that, for embedded mathematical activities to function effectively, a teacher must be sensitive to the children's current state of mathematical development. In addition, a teacher needs to be flexible in embedding appropriate levels of mathematics in response to children's spontaneous mathematical interests in a variety of activities
Inner Design Technology: Improved Affect by Quadrato Motor Training

The relation between positive affect and negative affect is a predictor of emotional wellbeing. In addition, healthy neuronal synchronization is associated with higher emotional well-being and positive affect. Related to this, recent studies have consistently reported that Quadrato Motor Training (QMT), a sensorimotor-cognitive training, increases alpha synchronization and emotional well-being in healthy participants. QMT was further found to improve creativity, reflectivity, and mindfulness-related experiences in healthy participants. In the current research, we have examined the effect of QMT on emotional well-being using the Affect Balance Scale (ABS), comparing two 1-week training programs: (1) breathing meditation retreat with QMT training (QMT, n = 42) and (2) breathing meditation retreat without QMT (BM, n = 42). While both groups reported improved affect and self-efficacy following the training, the QMT group reported significantly higher ABS scores following the retreat. QMT can thus improve well-being and emotional regulation as measured by the ABS. The current results strengthen previous claims that different practices, such as BM and QMT, may improve emotional well-being. These results are discussed in the context of the possible mechanisms mediating traininginduced improved affect, focusing on the amygdala and neuronal synchronization. In conclusion, incorporating specifically structured motor and mindful practices may serve as important tools to facilitate greater emotional well-being.
A combination of biocontrol agents improves the management of dry root rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) in greengram

The biocontrol agents Trichoderma viride (strains Tv1 and Tv13), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf1 and Py15) and Bacillus subtilis (Bs16) were tested individually and in combination for their effectiveness against root rot of greengram caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. As regards the compatibility of the biocontrol agents with each other, T. viride strains were not compatible with B. subtilis (Bs16), but P. fluorescens strains were compatible with B. subtilis and T. viride. Of the biocontrol agents tested in vitro against M. phaseolina, combinations of P. fluorescens+T. viride (Pf1+Tv1, Pf1+Tv13 and Py15+Tv1) inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen and they also promoted the growth of the greengram seedlings. A combination of Pf1+Tv1 was most effective in reducing root rot incidence under glass-house and field conditions as compared with other single or combined treatments or the untreated control. The activity of the defense-related enzymes peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenyl alanine ammonia lyase was significantly greater in greengram plants treated with a talc based formulation containing Pf1+Tv1 followed by Pf1+Tv13 and Py15+Tv1, than in plants receiving other treatments or the untreated control. Moreover, a combination of Pf1+Tv1 followed by Pf1+Tv13 and Py15+Tv1 significantly increased yield under glass house and field conditions.
Bayesian, Likelihood-Free Modelling of Phenotypic Plasticity and Variability in Individuals and Populations

There is a paradigm shift from the traditional focus on the “average” individual towards the definition and analysis of trait variation within individual life-history and among individuals in populations. This is a result of increasing availability of individual phenotypic data. The shift allows the use of genetic and environment-driven variations to assess robustness to challenge, gain greater understanding of organismal biological processes, or deliver individual-targeted treatments or genetic selection. These consequences apply, in particular, to variation in ontogenetic growth. We propose an approach to parameterise mathematical models of individual traits (e.g., reaction norms, growth curves) that address two challenges: 1) Estimation of individual traits while making minimal assumptions about data distribution and correlation, addressed via Approximate Bayesian Computation (a form of nonparametric inference). We are motivated by the fact that available information on distribution of biological data is often less precise than assumed by conventional likelihood functions. 2) Scaling-up to population phenotype distributions while facilitating unbiased use of individual data; this is addressed via a probabilistic framework where population distributions build on separately-inferred individual distributions and individual-trait interpretability is preserved. The approach is tested against Bayesian likelihood-based inference, by fitting weight and energy intake growth models to animal data and normal- and skewed-distributed simulated data. i) Individual inferences were accurate and robust to changes in data distribution and sample size; in particular, median-based predictions were more robust than maximum- likelihood-based curves. These results suggest that the approach gives reliable inferences using few observations and monitoring resources. ii) At the population level, each individual contributed via a specific data distribution, and population phenotype estimates were not disproportionally influenced by outlier individuals. Indices measuring population phenotype variation can be derived for study comparisons. The approach offers an alternative for estimating trait variability in biological systems that may be reliable for various applications, for example, in genetics, health, and individualised nutrition, while using fewer assumptions and fewer empirical observations. In livestock breeding, the potentially greater accuracy of trait estimation (without specification of multitrait variance-covariance parameters) could lead to improved selection and to more decisive estimates of trait heritability.
Characterization of Phytophthora nicotianae fungi from Sulawesi cacao

A pod rot disease caused by Phytophthora is one of serious treat on cacao farming system. This infection was reduced annual bean production remarkably (up to 30%). So far, there are seven species of this fungi were identified from the cacao farm over the world. However, we still lack of information on phytophthora properties from Sulawesi farm, which supplied more than 60% Indonesian cacao bean production annually. Here we report our result on isolation, identification, and characterization of these fungi from Sigi-Biromaru area (one of main farming area in Central Sulawesi). We showed that P. nicotianae could isolate from local infected pot. Bioassay on it infection rate was shown depend on the recictency of cacao clones/cultivars. This data suggesting that various species of Phytophthora exist in Sulawesi cacao farm, and its pathogenity was depend on the susceptibility of its clone of cacao.
Optimal Growth Policies in a Two-Sector Model with Financial Market Imperfections

This paper studies the pro-growth policies in an endogenous growth model where heterogeneous entrepreneurs face collateral constraints, skilled workers accumulate human capital, and the government intervenes to promote human and physical capital formation. It shows that the model has a balanced-growth path whose rate depends on government policy and financial development level. The theoretical analysis also shows that when the distribution of idiosyncratic productivity is heavy-tailed, the government must subsidize productive entrepreneurs to achieve optimal pro-growth policies.
Propagation of Alpha Waves Corresponding to Subjective Preference from the Right Hemisphere to the Left with Changes in the IACC of a Sound Field

Attempts are made to clarify the relationship between the person's brain activity and a subjective evaluation of the sound fiel d. For this purpose, we analyzed the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the alpha wave in the electroencephalogram (EEG) measured on the scalp over cerebral hemispheres. The cross-correlation function (CCF) was analyzed to investigate the flow of alpha waves o n the scalp over both the left and right hemispheres. To describe the temporal characteristics of the alpha waves, when the magni tude of interaural cross-correlation function (IACC) of a musical stimulus changed, the effective duration of the envelope of the AC F (τe) was analyzed. The values of τe were found to closely correspond to the subjective preference only in the right hemisphere (electrode T4). For the characteristics of the signal flow on the scalp, the maximum value of the CCF (| φ(τ)|max) between the alpha waves measured at different electrodes and its delay time ( τm) were analyzed. The right hemisphere (T4) was found to be activated first, and this activity propagated toward the left hemisphere (T3). The propagation time from T4 to T3 was about 100 ms.
Management control of contractual networks: the business network scorecard

This paper presents an analysis of the management control systems, introducing a useful instrument to summarise performance achieved from the organisational network model, with a view to establishing the competitive advantage and the creation of value on the long-term. The research approach is based on the qualitative methodology. The research is developed according to the study of national and international literature. The contribution proposes theoretical proof to support the new management control instrument for contractual networks: the business network scorecard. The approach adopted for the development of the network management control instrument (business network scorecard) refers to the principles of the balanced scorecard and value creation. So, the reporting system of network performance aims at highlighting the joint results of an economic-financial nature as well as those of an intangible nature. Through a logic of interception of large aggregates, the results achieved by the network are proposed through the matrix of network objectives, the multidimensional network model, including perspective indicators, four indicators of synergy and the comparison report of joint and individual performance of companies.
The alkaliphilic side of Staphylococcus aureus

The genome of Staphylococcus aureus has eight structurally distinct cation/proton antiporters (CPA) that play significant roles in maintaining cytoplasmic pH and ions in extreme conditions. These antiporters enable S. aureus to persist under conditions that are favorable to the bacterium but unfavorable to animal host including humans. In this study, we report physiological roles and catalytic properties of NhaC (NhaC1, NhaC2 and NhaC3), CPA1 (CPA1-1 and CPA1-2) and CPA2 family antiporters and how these antiporters crosstalk with Mnh1, a CPA3 family antiporter, recently shown to play important roles in virulence and pH tolerance. Catalytic properties of antiporters were determined by Na+/H+ and K+/H+ antiport assays using everted membrane vesicles of a CPA-deficient E. coli KNabC host. NhaC and CPA1 candidates exhibited Na+/H+ and K+/H+ antiporter activity in the pH range between pH 7 to 9.5 but did not show significant role in halotolerance and osmotolerance alone. Interestingly, NhaC3 exhibited significant antiporter activity at alkaline pH and play major roles in pH and salt tolerance. CPA2 neither exhibited Na+or K+/H+ exchange nor showed any active role in pH and salt tolerance. Double deletion of mnhA1 with nhaC1, nhaC3, cpa1-1 or cpa1-2 respectively, made S. aureus severely sensitive at pH 7.5 under stress conditions indicating synergistic relationship of Mnh1 with these antiporters. The functional loss study of these antiporters in in-vivo mouse infection model, nhaC3 deletion showed significant loss of S. aureus virulence. Altogether, the current study indicates NhaC3 as a potential target against S. aureus virulence under extreme pH and salt conditions. Importance In this study, we established catalytic properties and physiological roles of S. aureus NhaC, CPA1 and CPA2 family antiporters and their importance under salt and alkaline stress conditions. Except CPA2, all five antiporters of both families were active for Na+/H+ and K+/H+ exchange. CPA1-1 showed significant role in pH homeostasis at pH 7.5 whereas CPA1-2 and NhaCs were major contributors to halotolerance and osmotolerance at alkaline pH. The severity of growth deficit in double knockouts of mnhA1 with each of nhaC1, nhaC2, nhaC3, cpa1-1 or cpa1-2 establishes their synergistic relationship in regulating pH and salt homeostasis. Deletion of cpa1-1, cpa1-2 and nhaC1, nhaC2, and nhaC3 were assessed in mice model and NhaC3 was shown to play a major role in S. aureus virulence.
Phylogenetic relationships within the subtribe Spiranthinae s.l. (Orchidaceae) inferred from the nuclear ITS region

Results of an analysis of ITS sequences for the subtribe Spiranthinae s.l. (Orchidaceae) are presented, and compared with results of morphological studies. To evaluate the monophyly of the subtribe, nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S gene were sequenced for 19 taxa of the tribe Spirantheae, with Erythrodes sp. , Bonatea speciosa, Cynorkis sp. , Pterostylis curta and Chloraea flavescens designated as an outgroup. For 8 taxa, sequences were taken from the GenBank. The results confirmed the current subtribal position of Cyclopogoninae, with members of the subtribe forming a moderately supported clade. The unexpected occurrence of Odontorrhynchos (Spiranthinae) within the Cyclopogoninae is discussed with reference to the results of morphological studies. Although some of the genera representing the subtribe Stenorrhynchidinae Szlach. form a weakly supported clade, the remaining taxa are variously grouped with Spiranthinae representatives, receiving moderately weak bootstrap support. The results do not provide evidence for the strict monophyly of Spiranthinae s.l. and Stenorrhynchidinae.
RESPONSE OF PEAS TO ORGANIC MANURE AND NPK FERTILIZATION.

Two field experiments were conducted at the Farm of Al-Zawia Zone - Libya in the winter seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 to study the effect of organic manure (cheep manure rates , i.e. 7.5, 15 and 22.5 m3/ hectare, and NPK fertilization levels, i.e. o-o-o, 100-150-80 and 150-200-120 kg/hectare on plant growth, green pod yield and it’s components and the nutritive values of pea seeds cv. Master-B. The results showed that adding 22.5 m3/hectare caused a highest values of pea plant growth, i.e. plant height, number of leaves and dry weight of leaves, green pod yield of peas and its components, i.e. number of pods/plant, average pod weight, both of total green pod yield per plant and per hectare and number of seeds per pod, as well as the nutritive values of pea seeds, i.e. T.SS., ascorbic acid and total soluble sugars percentages. The highest values of different characters above mentioned were obtained by applying pea plants with 150-200-120 kg NPK fertilization per hectare. The interaction between organic manure at 22.5 m3 cheep manure/hectare) and NPK fertilization (150-200-120kg/hectare), increased in most cases, growth parameters, green pod yield and its components of peas as well as the nutritive values of seeds.