Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of graphite addition on thermal conductivity, microstructure, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of AlN ceramics

Graphite/aluminum nitride (AlN) multiphase ceramics are pressureless sintered under 1850 °C using Dy_2O_3 and CaF_2 as sintering additives. The effects of added graphite on microstructure, thermal conductivity, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of AlN ceramics were investigated. It was found that with 1wt% graphite addition the thermal conductivity of AlN in the through-plane to can achieve 210 W/(m K), which 25% higher than that of AlN without graphite. The graphite addition eliminates the oxygen impurity in AlN by a carbon reduction reaction in form of nanosized Dy_2O_3 particles. From electrochemical impedance spectroscopy manifested that the activation energy ( E _a,g) of samples in grains is increased from 0.784 to 1.112 eV, suggesting that the concentrations of defects and impurities of Graphite/AlN multiphase ceramics are lower than those of monophase AlN ceramics. Graphical abstract
Model for inventory management in valve manufacturing cell at Waters Corporation

This thesis addresses the challenges of improving the on-time delivery performance of a highvolume critical part type in a high-product-mix manufacturing facility of valves. Preliminary analysis on the push-type production system of the valve manufacturing cell shows that long production lead time caused by excessive inventory queuing and accumulation as well as lack of standardized finished goods inventory management policy are the major factors that limit the on-time delivery performance. A new pull-type production system is developed with the design of a highly responsive fabrication line which enables faster material movement and an efficient inventory review framework for real-time monitoring of inventory positions. A dedicated production line with the placement of effectively controlled Work-In-Process (WIP) buffers is constructed, which is capable of reducing the production lead time by more than 80%, along with a 40% reduction in overall WIP volume. Moreover, a finished goods inventory review policy is proposed based on the (s, S) policy which significantly eliminates the possibilities of backlog and inventory explosion by the setup of both lower and upper control limits on inventory positions. The suggested policy is expected to ensure a service level of at least 95% during peak demand period, with up to 50% potential reduction in average inventory level held by the system. A Kanban system is also established to coordinate operations in the proposed pull-type production system. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Jung-Hoon Chun Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering
Rejection of Temporal Disturbances in Milk Manufacturing Unit with Time Constraints

Abstract In discrete event systems the introduction of temporal parameters allows evaluating their performances (production rate of a machining cell, time of travel for a transport system .). These dynamic systems can also be subject to staying time constraints (maximum cooking time of a product in a furnace, maximum waiting of a correspondence between trains .). This type of constraints does not only affect the performances of the system but also its functional validity (burnt pieces, missed train .). Hence, we need a specific performance evaluation, because an “as-soon-as-possible” operation is invalid in the general case. Developments presented in this paper are devoted to the robust control of milk manufacturing unit. Such system has a robustness property to deal with time disturbances. The proposed approach tries to reject the disturbance as soon as it is observed in order to avoid the death of marks on the levels of synchronization transitions of the P-time Petri net model. The contribution of this paper is an application of this robust control strategy to a milk production unit.
Electrical machines and power‐electronic systems for high‐power wind energy generation applications: Part II – power electronics and control systems

Purpose – Power‐electronic systems have been playing a significant role in the integration of large‐scale wind turbines into power systems due to the fact that during the past three decades power‐electronic technology has experienced a dramatic evolution. This second part of the paper aims to focus on a comprehensive survey of power converters and their associated control systems for high‐power wind energy generation applications. Design/methodology/approach – Advanced control strategies, i.e. field‐oriented vector control and direct power control, are initially reviewed for wind‐turbine driven doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) systems. Various topologies of power converters, comprising back‐to‐back (BTB) connected two‐ and multi‐level voltage source converters (VSCs), BTB current source converters (CSCs) and matrix converters, are identified for high‐power wind‐turbine driven PMSG systems, with their respective features and challenges outlined. Finally, several control issues, viz., basic control targets, active damping control and sensorless control schemes, are elaborated for the machine‐ and grid‐side converters of PMSG wind generation systems. Findings – For high‐power PMSG‐based wind turbines ranging from 3 MW to 5 MW, parallel‐connected 2‐level LV BTB VSCs are the most cost‐effective converter topology with mature commercial products, particularly for dual 3‐phase stator‐winding PMSG generation systems. For higher‐capacity wind‐turbine driven PMSGs rated from 5 MW to 10 MW, medium voltage multi‐level converters, such as 5‐level regenerative CHB, 3‐ and 4‐level FC BTB VSC, and 3‐level BTB VSC, are preferred. Among them, 3‐level BTB NPC topology is the favorite with well‐proven technology and industrial applications, which can also be extensively applicable with open‐end winding and dual stator‐winding PMSGs so as to create even higher voltage/power wind generation systems. Sensorless control algorithms based on fundamental voltages/currents are suggested to be employed in the basic VC/DPC schemes for enhancing the robustness in the entire PMSG‐based wind power generation system, due to that the problems related with electromagnetic interferences in the position signals and the failures in the mechanical encoders can be avoided. Originality/value – This second part of the paper for the first time systematically reviews the latest state of arts with regard to power converters and their associated advanced control strategies for high‐power wind energy generation applications. It summarizes a variety of converter topologies with pros and cons highlighted for different power ratings of wind turbines.
Violence, worry and trust in the emergence of weapon-carrying

This paper identifies longitudinal predictors of weapon-carrying in a sample of 10–25 year olds in England and Wales. It conceptualises weapon-carrying as anticipation of an adverse event and proposes hypotheses about the origins of weapon-carrying derived from the field of risk analysis. Specifically, it tests if worry about victimisation and experience of violence predict later weapon-carrying and assesses the moderating influence of trust in the police. The results indicate that worry about victimisation does not predict weapon-carrying, but experience of violence does. Distrust of police and peer criminality were also identified as important precursors to weapon-carrying. The study provides further evidence that, at least over longer periods, weapon-carrying is a product of experience of violence and criminogenic factors rather than a response to concern about victimisation.
Investigation of Laminar-Turbulent Transition on a Rotating Wind Turbine Blade of Multi Megawatt Class with Thermography and a Microphone Array

Knowledge about laminar-turbulent transition on operating multi-megawatt wind turbine blades needs sophisticated equipment like hot-films or microphone arrays. Contrarily thermographic pictures can easily be taken from the ground and temperature differences indicate different states of the boundary layer. The accuracy however, still is an open question, so that an aerodynamic glove known from experimental research on aero-planes was used to classify the boundary-layer state of a 2 megawatt wind turbine blade operating in the orthern part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. State-of-the-art equipment for measurering static surface pressure was used for monitoring the lift distribution. To distinguish laminar and turbulent parts of the boundary layer (suction side only) 48 microphones were applied together with ground-based thermographic cameras from two teams. Additionally, an optical camera mounted on the hub was used to survey vibrations. During start-up (from 0 to 9 rpm) extended, but irregularly shaped regions of a laminar boundary layer were observed which had the same extension measured both with microphones and Thermography. When an approximately constant rotor rotation (9 rpm corresponding to approximately 6 m/s wind-speed) was achieved, a flow transition was visible at the expected position of 40 % chord length on the rotor blade, which was fouled with dense turbulent wedges and an almost complete turbulent state on the glove was detected. In all observations, quantitative determination of the flow transition positions from thermography and microphones agree well within their accuracy.
FLUSH - a computer program for approximate 3-D analysis of soil-structure interaction problems

The general principles of seismic soil-structure interaction by finite element methods are discussed, and the theory and manual for a specific computer code, FLUSH, are presented. This code is a further development of the complex response finite element computer program LUSH (Lysmer et al, 1974). The new program is considerably faster than LUSH, thus the name FLUSH = Fast LUSH, and it includes a large number of new features such as transmitting boundaries, beam elements, an approximate 3-D ability, deconvolution within the program, out-of-core equation solver, new input/output features, etc., all of which make the program more efficient and versatile. This study includes analyses of soil-structure interaction effects during earthquakes for nuclear power plant structures. (GRA)
Direct and indirect genetic indices for milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein Friesian sires

Aim of this study was to define direct and indirect indices for milk coagulation properties (MCP) in Italian Holstein Friesian sires . A total of 315,700 individual milk samples from 49,183 cows were collected in 479 dair y farms from September 2011 to February 2014. Rennet coagulation time (RCT) and cu rd firmness (a 30 ) were predicted using mid-infrared spectroscopy. Sire breeding valu es (EBV) for RCT and a 30 were estimated using a repeatability single-trait animal model, which included herd-test-day, days in milk, age at parities and season of parity as fixed effects, and cow permanent environment and animal as random effects. The direc t genetic index for milk coagulation ability (IAC) was defined as the combination of EBV for RCT and a 30 with equal weight, and then expressed on a scale with mean 100 and sta ndard deviation of 5. A stepwise method was chosen to combine official EBVs for trai ts published by the Italian Holstein Friesian Cattle Breeders Association in a genetic i ndex able to predict the direct IAC. Only sires with at least 10 daughters (scored for M CP) in 5 different herds were considered. The official EBVs retained by the regre ssion analysis were those of protein and fat content, somatic cell score and the genetic variants for k-casein. Results of direct and indirect selection for MCP are presented.
Centrifugal and Axial Pump Design and Off-Design Performance Prediction

A meanline pump-flow modeling method has been developed to provide a fast capability for modeling pumps of cryogenic rocket engines. Based on this method, a meanline pump-flow code PUMPA was written that can predict the performance of pumps at off-design operating conditions, given the loss of the diffusion system at the design point. The design-point rotor efficiency and slip factors are obtained from empirical correlations to rotor-specific speed and geometry. The pump code can model axial, inducer, mixed-flow, and centrifugal pumps and can model multistage pumps in series. The rapid input setup and computer run time for this meanline pump flow code make it an effective analysis and conceptual design tool. The map-generation capabilities of the code provide the information needed for interfacing with a rocket engine system modeling code. The off-design and multistage modeling capabilities of PUMPA permit the user to do parametric design space exploration of candidate pump configurations and to provide head-flow maps for engine system evaluation.
Effects of In Ovo Feeding of γ-Aminobutyric Acid on Growth Performances, Plasma Metabolites, and Antioxidant Status in Broilers Exposed to Cyclic Heat Stress

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an amino acid used for mitigating the detrimental effects of heat stress in broilers. In addition, a growing body of literature suggests that the in ovo feeding of various nutrients can enhance the post-hatch thermotolerance of broilers. Therefore, we hypothesized that the supplementation of GABA during incubation might have positive effects in heat-stressed broilers. Chicks hatched from eggs were divided into three groups described as follows: chicks hatched from eggs incubated at normal temperature and then raised under thermoneutral temperature (CON); chicks hatched from eggs incubated at normal temperature but raised under cyclic heat stress (HS) (CON+HS); and chicks hatched from eggs injected with 60 mg of GABA dissolved in 0.6 mL of distilled water but raised under cyclic HS (G10+HS). The HS was applied between 28 and 31 days of age with ambient temperatures raised from 22 ± 1 °C to 33 ± 1 °C for 6 h daily. Compared to the CON group, average daily weight gain was significantly lower in the CON+HS but not in the G10+HS group. Feed intake was significantly decreased in both the CON+HS and G10+HS groups. Compared to the CON group, plasma corticosterone levels were significantly increased in the CON+HS group, but not the G10+HS group. Hepatic mRNA levels of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene (ACC) were significantly reduced in the G10+HS group compared to the CON group. In addition, positive Pearson correlation coefficients were found in mRNA levels between fatty acid synthase (FAS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1 (NOX1) (r = 0.55, p < 0.05), NOX1 and NOX4 (r = 0.65, p < 0.01), and catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (r = 0.62, p < 0.05). Taken together, the results suggest that this study can serve as a basis for future work focusing on the in ovo feeding of GABA as a technique to combat heat stress in broilers.
Finite element analysis of curl development in the selective laser sintering process

Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a rapid prototyping process, which operates by using a laser to locally heat an area within a layer of powder material, causing it to fuse together, creating a thin cross-section of solid material. 3D shapes are built by repeatedly depositing a layer of fresh powder on top of the cross-section and then locally heating it, causing it to fuse together and to the layer beneath. However, during SLS processing, temperature differences that exist in different regions of the fabricated parts lead to uneven shrinkages. The shrinkages cause surfaces in the part, which are intended to be flat, to exhibit a curved profile; a phenomenon termed curl. The development of curl is highly influenced by the SLS machine parameters selected in fabrication. The production of geometrically acceptable parts involves numerous fabrication trials before the optimum machine parameters can be found. The procedure can be time consuming and expensive. The aim of the work presented in this thesis was to develop finite element models for the purpose of predicting curl in SLS fabricated polycarbonate parts. The ultimate goal was to use the models to estimate the optimum SLS machine parameters for the physical fabrication of geometrically acceptable parts, produced in any material, and therefore avoid the costly and time consuming process of using SLS machines for experimental purposes. The prediction of curl was made through heat transfer and stress finite element models that were both coupled using the sequentially coupled thermal-stress analysis technique. Experimental work was carried out to measure material properties used as input to the models and to validate results predicted. The sensitivity of curl predicted to assumptions considered in the heat and stress models was introduced, and the assumptions highly influencing the accuracy of curl predictions were identified.
SUSTAINABILITY OF APPLE PRODUCTION IN THE TROPICS USING LAND RENT ANALYSIS IN BATU CITY INDONESIA

Apples have gone through a long process of adapting to the Indonesian climate. Limited availability of non-renewable land creates fierce competition for land use. The purpose of this study was to a) determine the history and condition of apple farming, b) to analyze the land rent value of apple plants with plants that have the potential to replace them, namely oranges, guava, and seasonal plants, c) to determine the factors that affect the land rent value of citrus, guava, and seasonal plants. Data obtained through interviews with selected informants using a questionnaire and analyzed using land rent analysis to determine the value and factors that influence it. The results showed that apple plants' introduction has resulted in several varieties that have successfully adapted to the Indonesian climate. Indonesian apples' development is still 99.81% centered in East Java, with bad apples' sustainability because the land rent value is much lower than other commodities.
Impact of Collector Size and Spacing on Center Pivot Uniformity Evaluations

Field scale evaluations of center pivot sprinkler irrigation systems for water distribution uniformity have been conducted as part of the Mobile Irrigation Lab project (MIL) in Kansas for over ten years. This data base was used to demonstrate the effect on the coefficient of uniformity calculation by using subsets of the data base with increased spacing between collectors. During field evaluations, a portion of several systems were sampled using different collector sizes.
Flaw detection of underground pipeline using electrical potential method

This paper presents a modeling approach to characterize adjacent cracks on underground gas pipe. Electrical potential method is used for capturing signals from surface cracks on the gas pipe. A three dimensional potential problem is considered for the inspection model. A defect parameter-to-output mapping is represented by means of finite element method in three dimensions. Computational methods for sizing and positioning of cracks are proposed based on our modeling approach.
Design of in-vehicle networked control system architectures through the use of new design to cost and weight processes : innovation report

Over the last forty years, the use of electronic controls within the automotive industry has grown considerably. In-vehicle network technologies such as the Controller Area Network (CAN) and Local Interconnect Network (LIN) are used to connect Electronic Control Units (ECU) together, mainly to reduce the amount of wiring that would be required if hardwired integration were used. Modern passenger cars contain many networks, which means that for the architecture designer, there is an almost overwhelming number of choices on how to design/partition the system depending on factors such as cost, weight, availability of ECUs, safety, Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) etc. Despite the increasing role played by in-vehicle networks in automotive electrical architectures, its design could currently be described as a “black art”. Not only is there an almost overwhelming number of choices facing the designer, but there is currently a lack of a quantifiable process to aid decision making and there is a dearth of published literature available. NetGen is a software tool used to design CAN/J1939, LIN and FlexRay networks. For the product to remain competitive, it is desirable to have novel features over the competition. This report describes a body of work, the aim of which was to research in-vehicle network design processes, and to provide an improvement to such processes. The opportunities of customer projects and availability of customer information resulted in the scope of the research focusing on the adoption of LIN technology and whether the adoption of it could reduce the cost and weight of the target architecture. The research can therefore be seen to address two issues: firstly the general problem of network designers needing to design in-vehicle network based architectures balancing the needs of many design targets such as cost, weight etc, and secondly the commercial motivation to find novel features for the design tool, NetGen. The outcome of the research described in this report was the development of design processes that can be used for the selection of low cost and weight automotive electrical architectures using coarse information, such as that which would be easily available at the very beginning of a vehicle design programme. The key benefit of this is that a number of candidate networked architectures can be easily assessed for their ability to reduce cost and weight of the electrical architecture.
Aprendizado Profundo em Redes Desafiadoras: Conceitos e Aplicações

Este minicurso tem por objetivo apresentar de forma clara e concisa os conceitos técnicos, desafios e aplicações de técnicas de aprendizado profundo nas chamadas Redes Desafiadoras. Essas redes são caracterizadas pelo excesso de dados produzidos e consequente complexidade de operação. Diferente dos minicursos anteriores, este minicurso foca na revisão da literatura relacionada à aplicação de técnicas de aprendizado profundo na solução de problemas complexos das Redes Desafiadoras. Para tanto, este minicurso apresenta e discute os principais conceitos e algoritmos relacionados ao aprendizado de máquina, com foco no aprendizado profundo. Em seguida, a literatura relativa à aplicação desses algoritmos em redes, como redes de Internet das Coisas e de sensores, redes sem fio móveis, redes industriais e redes veiculares é revisada. Este minicurso também apresenta viés experimental, oferecendo um estudo de caso como exercício prático para que os participantes tenham a oportunidade de se debruçar sobre um problema real.