Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbiomes of Clownfish and Their Symbiotic Host Anemone Converge Before Their First Physical Contact

BackgroundOne of the most charismatic, and yet not completely resolved example of mutualistic interaction is the partnership of clownfish and its symbiotic sea anemone. The mechanism explaining this tolerance currently relies on the molecular mimicry of clownfish epithelial mucus, which could serve as camouflage, preventing the anemone's nematocysts' discharge. Resident bacteria are known as key drivers of epithelial mucus chemical signature in vertebrates. A recent study has proposed a restructuration of the skin microbiota in a generalist clown fish when first contacting its symbiotic anemone. We explored a novel hypothesis by testing the effect of remote interaction on epithelial microbiota restructuration in both partners. MethodsWith metataxonomics, we investigated the epithelial microbiota dynamic of 18 pairs of percula clownfish (Amphiprion percula) and their symbiotic anemone Heteractis magnifica in remote interaction, physical interaction and control groups for both partners during a four weeks trial.ResultsPhysical and Remote Interaction groups’ results evidence gradual epithelial microbiota convergence between both partners when fish and anemone were placed in the same water system. This convergence occurred preceding any physical contact between partners, and was maintained during the two-weeks interaction period in both contact groups. After the interaction period, community structure of both fish and anemone’s epthelial community structures maintained the interaction signature two weeks after fish-anemone pairs separation. Furthermore, the interaction signature persistence was observed both in Physical and Remote Interaction groups, thus suggesting that water-mediated chemical communication between symbiotic partners was strong enough to shift the skin microbiota durably, even after the separation of fish-anemone pairs. Finally, our results suggest that fish-anemone convergent microbiota restructuration was increasingly associated with the parallel recruitment of three Flavobacteriaceae strains closely related to a tyrosinase-producing Cellulophaga tyrosinoxydans. ConclusionsOur study shows that bacterial community restructuration, in the acclimation process, does not only rely on direct physical contact. Furthermore, our results challenge, for the first time, the traditional unidirectional chemical camouflage hypothesis, as we argue that convergence of the epithelial microbiota of both partners may play essential roles in establishing mutual acceptance.
Wideband Octagonal Dual Circularly Polarized Sub-array Antenna for Ku-Satellite Systems

─ In this paper the analysis and design of a dual circularly polarized 4×4 antenna array operating in Ku-band are discussed with emphasis on its sequential feeding network. The dual circular polarization is achieved by feeding a stacked octagonal patches with a wideband branch line coupler. The proposed 4×4 antenna array is based on two separate sequential feeding networks for LH and RH circular polarizations. The advantage of the proposed feeding network is that it is implemented on a single layer. Simulation results by using both HFSS and CST are presented for comparison. In addition, experimental verifications are presented. Index Terms ─ Antenna array, circular polarization, feeding network, satellite antenna, wideband antenna.
Community participation and neighborhood factors associated with physical and mental health among low-income mothers in the United States

ABSTRACT Religious and social participation and neighborhood factors have been associated with health outcomes. Because depression and physical health problems are common among mothers, we sought to understand whether participation would be associated with more favorable health outcomes when accounting for neighborhood factors: disorder, social cohesion, and informal social control. Using Fragile Families and Wellbeing Study data (N = 2,926) we ran logistic regression models to estimate the relationships between depression, physical health, community participation, and perceived neighborhood factors. Neither religious nor social participation was significant in the models. However, the odds of meeting the criteria for depression were 1.20 times (95% CI [1.05, 20 1.37]) higher among mothers’ reporting higher neighborhood disorder. Neighborhood social cohesion was inversely associated with depression; higher neighborhood disorder was associated with decreased favorable health. Findings provide further evidence that interpersonal factors may be insufficient to overcome the detrimental effects of community-level factors.
Analyses of the Key Technologies and Development Trends of Optical Networks from the Perspective of Standard Essential Patents

Because of the advancement of 5G, mobile devices, and broadband, the development of optical network technologies has received increased research attention. However, studies have mostly focused on the technical or market aspects rather than employing a macroscopic perspective to reveal the technology distribution of optical networks and the development trends in their key fields. Given that technologies disclosed by standard essential patents (SEPs) are the key technologies that determine the standards in relevant industries, we used SEPs optical networks as the basis of analyses and constructed a technology network. Therefore, the contribution of this study lies in bridging the research gap between two studies, using the perspective of SEPs to observe the key technologies in leading industry standard-setting. In addition to the aspects of technologies and markets addressed in existing studies, this study primarily discusses technology distribution and trends in optical networks. The results reveal that transmission of digital information, wireless communication networks and multiple communication are the key technical fields in developing optical networks, with wireless communication devices and digital information transmission being the main focus in recent years. Considering the gradual standardization of future optical network technologies and the fierce competition between manufacturers in SEP applications, relevant industries and universities should cooperate in key technical fields for research and development as well as in talent cultivation to facilitate the development of key technologies and industrial standards in optical networks. The current results may serve as a reference for both industry and academia with regard to research and development resource allocation.
“A blank canvas of me”: an interpretive phenomenological analysis study of the experience of client self-disclosure in cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis

ABSTRACT Background: Client disclosure of emotionally salient information to a therapist may be an important factor in the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp). The present study explores how people engaging with CBTp make sense of sharing emotionally salient information with a therapist and considers how mental health stigma may influence how participants decide whether to share information. Methods: Eight participants were recruited for semi-structured interviews lasting 30–75 minutes. Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was used. Results: Two main themes were identified. I am responsible for controlling the negative impact of disclosure refers to participants’ awareness that sharing distressing experiences may have negative consequences. Participants worried about being judged, such as being seen as abnormal or having the potential to harm others. They also worried about feeling shamed or distressed. Non-disclosure may be a way of avoiding these fears. The second theme, Therapy makes me feel normal, describes how participants viewed themselves more positively from their therapist validating and understanding their experiences. Conclusions: Internalized stigma-based beliefs may influence self-disclosure, and the therapeutic relationship may provide alternative, positive beliefs about the self as normal. Further research can explore beliefs about self-disclosure and consider micro-affirmations as a therapeutic process.
Study of the Sound Escape with the Use of an Air Bubble Curtain in Offshore Pile Driving

Underwater noise pollution generated by offshore pile driving has raised serious concerns over the ecological impact on marine life. To comply with the strict governmental regulations on the threshold levels of underwater noise, bubble curtains are usually applied in practice. This paper examines the effectiveness of an air bubble curtain system in noise reduction for offshore pile driving. The focus is placed on the evaluation of noise transmission paths, which are essential for the effective blockage of sound propagation. A coupled two-step approach for the prediction of underwater noise is adopted, which allows us to treat the waterborne and soilborne noise transmission paths separately. The complete model consists of two modules: a noise prediction module for offshore pile driving aiming at the generation and propagation of the wave field and a noise reduction module for predicting the transmission loss in passing through an air bubble curtain. With the proposed model, underwater noise prognosis is examined in the following cases: (i) free-field noise prediction without the air bubble curtain, (ii) waterborne path fully blocked at the position of the air bubble curtain while the rest of the wave field is propagated at the target distance, (iii) similarly to (ii) but with a non-fully blocked waterborne path close to the seabed, and (iv) air bubble curtain modeled explicitly using an effective medium theory. The results provide a clear indication of the amount of energy that can be channeled through the seabed and through possible gaps in the water column adjacent to the seabed. The model allows for a large number of simulations and for a thorough parametric study of the noise escape when a bubble curtain is applied offshore.
Elucidating the Influence of Electric Fields toward CO2 Activation on YSZ (111)

Despite its high thermodynamic stability, the presence of a negative electric field is known to facilitate the activation of CO2 through electrostatic effects. To utilize electric fields for a reverse water gas shift reaction, it is critical to elucidate the role of an electric field on a catalyst surface toward activating a CO2 molecule. We conduct a first-principles study to gain an atomic and electronic description of adsorbed CO2 on YSZ (111) surfaces when external electric fields of +1 V/Å, 0 V/Å, and −1 V/Å are applied. We find that the application of an external electric field generally destabilizes oxide bonds, where the direction of the field affects the location of the most favorable oxygen vacancy. The direction of the field also drastically impacts how CO2 adsorbs on the surface. CO2 is bound by physisorption when a +1 V/Å field is applied, a similar interaction as to how it is adsorbed in the absence of a field. This interaction changes to chemisorption when the surface is exposed to a −1 V/Å field value, resulting in the formation of a CO3− complex. The strong interaction is reflected through a direct charge transfer and an orbital splitting within the Olatticep-states. While CO2 remains physisorbed when a +1 V/Å field value is applied, our total density of states analysis indicates that a positive field pulls the charge away from the adsorbate, resulting in a shift of its bonding and antibonding peaks to higher energies, allowing a stronger interaction with YSZ (111). Ultimately, the effect of an electric field toward CO2 adsorption is not negligible, and there is potential in utilizing electric fields to favor the thermodynamics of CO2 reduction on heterogeneous catalysts.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the lebanese arabic version of the BACS scale (the brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia) among stable schizophrenic inpatients

Introduction The assessment of cognitive disorders in schizophrenia is becoming a part of clinical and research practice by using batteries that differ widely in their content. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) was developed to cover the main cognitive deficits of schizophrenia. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess concurrent validity of the Arabic version of the BACS with a standard neurocognitive battery of tests in Lebanese patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Methods A sample of 120 stable inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 60 healthy controls received the Arabic version of the BACS in a first session, and a standard battery in a second session. Results The mean duration of completion for the BACS was 31.2 ± 5.4 min in patients with schizophrenia. All tests demonstrated significant differences between controls and patients (p<0.01). A principal components analysis demonstrated that a one-factor solution best fits our dataset (64.8% of the variance). A high Cronbach alpha was found (0.85). The BACS composite scores were significantly correlated with the standard battery composite scores in patients (r=0.78, p < 0.001) and healthy controls (r=0.77, p < 0.001). Also, the correlation analysis between the BACS sub-scores and the standard battery sub-scores showed significant results (p < 0.05). The Arabic-BACS demonstrated high ability to discriminate patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls. Conclusions The results showed that the Arabic version of the BACS is a useful tool for assessing cognition in patients with schizophrenia and could be used in clinical practice in Lebanon.
Patterns and drivers of structure, diversity, and composition in species‐rich shrublands restored after mining

Long‐term studies of vegetation recovery following post‐mining restoration in low‐productivity, high‐stress areas are limited, but essential for understanding underlying ecological processes and evaluating management practices. This study's goal was to describe temporal patterns of recovery (up to 37 years) in vegetation structure, floristic diversity, and composition following post‐mining restoration at two sites, and identify potential drivers of restoration outcomes, in the nutrient‐poor, seasonally dry, species‐rich, fire‐prone kwongan vegetation of southwest Western Australia. Vegetation development is progressing and restoration measures are within range of native reference values, but there is large variation in both patterns observed and restoration outcomes. Several patterns described share similarities with post‐fire recovery of kwongan, and post‐disturbance recovery of other low‐productivity, high‐stress, fire‐prone systems. However, differences in some patterns between sites indicate differences in the underlying mechanisms of recovery. Many management and environmental variables emerge as significant drivers of restoration outcomes but age, fire, and the planting of seedlings account for the largest amount of variation. Adaptive management at both sites appears to be facilitating improved restoration outcomes over time. Using a combination of space‐for‐time, plot level, and linear mixed effects modeling perspectives to examine patterns provides greater insights into restoration recovery than a chronosequence perspective alone. This study will inform restoration practices and outcomes not only in kwongan but in other comparable systems also.
Deep learning-based detection of COVID-19 from chest x-ray images

COVID-19 is a highly contagious infectious disease that has infected millions of people worldwide. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the gold standard diagnostic test available for COVID-19 detection. Alternatively, medical imaging techniques, including chest X-ray (CXR), has been instrumental in diagnosis and prognosis of patients with COVID-19. Enabling the CXR with machine learning-based automated diagnosis will be important for rapid diagnosis of the disease by minimizing manual assessment of images by the radiologists. In this work, we developed a deep learning model that utilizes the transfer learning approach using a pre-trained Residual Network model. The Residual Network 50 (ResNet50) is trained from scratch by utilizing the initial architecture and pre-trained weights to provide the classification results. Two types of classification (two-class and three-class) is performed using the developed model. A cascaded approach is adopted for two-class classification where the classification is performed in two phases. The dataset used for training and evaluating the model comprises of 8,254 images in total out of which 1651 images were considered for testing the cascaded model (15 COVID-19) and three-class classification (51 COVID-19). The model was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score metrics. Our cascaded model yielded an accuracy of 91.8% for classification of abnormal and normal cases and 97.9% for the classification of pneumonia and COVID-19 images. In the three-class classification, our model reported an accuracy of 92% in classifying normal, pneumonia (bacterial and viral) and COVID-19 cases.
Subcritical solvent extraction of total anthocyanins from dried purple waxy corn: Influence of process conditions

Total anthocyanin content in different dried parts of purple waxy corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina) genotype Fancy Muang 111 was investigated under subcritical solvent extraction. The highest total anthocyanin content of 991.4, 1241.5, and 1552.1 µg cyanidin-3-glucoside per gram dry weight of sample were obtained from dried kernel extraction (water–ethanol at ratio 1:3 as solvent and sample–solvent at ratio 1:20), dried cob extraction (water–ethanol at ratio 1:1 as solvent and sample–solvent at ratio 1:20), dried silk extraction (water–ethanol ratio at 1:1 as solvent and sample–solvent ratio at 1:30), respectively. The extraction was conducted at 100°C for 15 min with N2 purging. Additionally, the antioxidant activities assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays showed that the dried silk extract exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity in DPPH assay (IC50 = 3.2 mg/mL), ABTS assay (IC50 = 1.3 mg/mL), and FRAP assay (634.8 mmol FeSO4/100 g dry weight of sample). The extract powder had the total anthocyanin content of 632.8 µg cyanidin-3-glucoside/g powder. Practical applications The anthocyanin extraction from different dried parts of purple waxy corn was investigated by subcritical solvent extraction method. The effect of different parameters such as weight ratio of purple waxy corn samples to water, extraction temperature, extraction time, water-to-ethanol ratio as solvent, and oxygen in the subcritical solvent extraction provided high total anthocyanin content in the extraction, and the dried silk extract containing the highest total anthocyanin content exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity. Therefore, subcritical solvent extraction of total anthocyanins from purple waxy corn has been shown to be feasible and could be applicable in food processing industries. The total anthocyanin extract obtained has the potential to be developed into new health foods and to be used for the production of value-added products.
Narrativas sobre el silencio. Las voces de los docentes en la dinámica escolar de una alumna con discapacidad auditiva

In many cultures, children with disabilities live undermining their dignity: not only do they have to fight unequally against their peers for their condition, they also have fewer opportunities for learning and participation in regular school. That's why this paper delves into narratives about school dynamics around a student with a hearing impairment condition. Qualitative research is used in a case study, through observation records in different situations of the student’s school activity, as well as semi-structured interviews with regular classroom teachers, Physical Education, Music and the Special Education Multiple Care Centre. The analysis of the information made it possible to form two thematic blocks: “A student with deafness. What she knows, what she tries to do and what they allow her to do”, in which the conceptions and practices of teachers are analyzed, and “Equipment and faults in the socio-cognitive structure and social coexistence”, in which the resources and needs of the student are described. In both blocks, special emphasis is placed on the communicative process. Finally, it is found that, in practice, teachers who care for students do not use adequate communication neither didactic and methodological strategies for teaching according to her learning possibilities and apply an undifferentiated didactic action between her and her peers. Although the local political constitution expresses the need to create inclusive environments for deaf children, by not considering individual differences and sign language in communication they are excluded from the academic, play, friendship and social world. In this context, it is essential to recognize the right to an education in which teaching in the Mexican sign language and support units in the regular school for this type of student are guaranteed.