Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Slot-based BS scheduling with Maximum Latency Guarantee and Capacity First in 802.16e networks

IEEE 802.16e standard defines a wireless broadband access network technology. The standard specifies the QoS support at the MAC level. To meet the QoS requirements, the scheduling algorithm at base station (BS) has to efficiently allocate slots for each connection request. The standard does not specify the detailed algorithm but leaves it open for implementation. In this paper, a Slot-based BS scheduling algorithm with Maximum Latency Guarantee and Capacity First (SMLG-CF) is proposed. With SMLG-CF, the connection is chosen with highest slot capacity first. With the assistance of dynamic sub-frame adjustment, the average system transmission rate can be enhanced. Through the finer slots calculation and proper allocation of transmission time and frequency, the maximum latency guarantee can be achieved for urgent requests. We simulate and compare the proposed mechanism with deficit fair priority queue (DFPQ) scheduling algorithm and Highest Urgency First (HUF) scheduling algorithm in terms of maximum latency violation rate and average transmission rate. The simulation results reveal that the applicability of the proposed mechanism.
The immunophenotype in infant acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: correlation with clinical outcome. An Italian multicentre study (AIEOP)

A detailed analysis of immunophenotype of 112 infants aged less than 18 months with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was performed. Patients were divided into three groups on the basis of age at presentation (under 6 months: group 1; 6–12 months: group 2; 13–18 months: group 3). There were three cases of T‐ALL (2.6%). The proportion of other subtypes was: common ALL in 59 patients (52.68%), pre‐B ALL in 15 patients (13.3%), pre‐pre‐B ALL in 27 (24.1%) and acute undifferentiated leukaemia (AUL) in eight patients (7.14%).
Turning Dust to Gold: How to increase inimitability of Enterprise System

There is an on-going debate over the long-term value propositions of enterprise systems (ES) for competitive advantage, with many arguing that ES have lost their potential to contribute to competitive advantage in the contemporary hyper-competitive markets. While acknowledging that an ES is a valuable, rare and non-substitutable resource that is common to all competitors, it is further questionable how ES contribute to competitive advantage. Using the fourth characteristic of the resource-based view, we investigate how inimitability of ES can contribute to competitiveness. Using qualitative evidence from nine case studies this study derives three conditions that facilitate ES to be inimitable.
The Colloquia Philosophy : Scaffolding for a Transformative Learning Experience

Golde and Walker (2005) state that the purpose of doctoral education is “to educate and prepare those to whom we can entrust the vigor, quality, and integrity of the field. ” (p. 5). Graduates of doctoral programs become “stewards of the disciplines” in which they practice (Thombs, et al., 2004, p. 13). Viewed from the perspective of the recognized tasks of any university (Shapiro, 2005), Capella’s doctoral program seeks to advance and transmit knowledge while preserving the essence of graduate education through extending access to our adult learner populations. Capella is uniquely positioned to “exert leadership to help society shape new cultural commitments and expand others” (Shapiro, p. 11) through the delivery of high quality academic and residential learning experiences. The goal of doctoral education at Capella University, therefore, is to provide experiences that broaden understanding and that are inextricably linked with the integration, teaching and application of knowledge and intellectual accomplishments (Boyer, 1990). The purpose of this paper is to articulate the values, beliefs, and philosophical tenets of the doctoral colloquia experience. This colloquia philosophy serves as one aspect of the University’s internal guidance system in support of the curriculum provided to doctoral learners at residencies. These guiding principles retain their value as learners progress through academic coursework and meet three times face-to-face during their doctoral academic careers at Capella University. Philosophical underpinnings of curriculum development reflect the values that guide and support the delivery of the educational experience within doctoral programs (AAHB, 2005) as well as at the doctoral colloquia. Specifically a set of core values provides clarity of purpose of the colloquium element of the doctoral program at Capella University. Articulating the core values for the colloquia curriculum fosters understanding by learners, faculty, and Capella support departments and other stakeholders regarding the importance of this unique and intense face-to-face experience.
Fractal lifetimes in the transition to turbulence.

and numerical simulations 2,3 indicate that the decay of a perturbation or its growth towards a turbulent state depends fairly sensitively on the initial conditions. And even if the flow swings up to a turbulent dynamics, it may not remain turbulent forever. It therefore becomes meaningful to study the time a trajectory remains turbulent as a function of Reynolds number and type and amplitude of initial perturbance. Analyzing in detail the dynamics for slightly different initial conditions is a challenge for full numerical simulations because of enormous computing times required. However, within a low-dimensional model designed to capture the dominant features of turbulent shear flows 4 it becomes possible to study the intricate structures of the lifetime landscape. The figures show the color-coded lifetimes as a function of initial amplitude and Reynolds number for the nine-mode model derived in Ref. 4. The blue colors reflect short lifetimes and can be found for low Reynolds numbers and small amplitudes. The dark red colors indicate lifetimes in excess of the maximal integration time of 1500. Figure 1 shows the transition region and Figs. 2 (a) and 2(b) show successive magnifications. Since the long lifetimes arise for initial conditions close to stable manifolds of the turbulent state, the folds in the lifetimes reflect folds in the manifolds. A more complete analysis of the model and its dynamical system features is given in Refs. 4 and 5. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
Human Cytomegalovirus TRS 1 and IRS 1 Gene Products Block the Double-Stranded-RNA-Activated Host Protein Shutoff Response Induced by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) attachment and entry stimulates the expression of cellular interferoninducible genes, many of which target important cellular functions necessary for viral replication. Doublestranded RNA-dependent host protein kinase (PKR) is an interferon-inducible gene product that limits viral replication by inhibiting protein translation in the infected cell. It was anticipated that HCMV encodes gene products that facilitate the evasion of this PKR-mediated antiviral response. Using a 134.5 herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) recombinant that triggers PKR-mediated protein synthesis shutoff, experiments identified an HCMV gene product expressed in the initial hours of infection that allows continued protein synthesis in the infected cell. Recombinant HSV-1 viruses expressing either the HCMV TRS1 or IRS1 protein demonstrate that either of these HCMV gene products allows the 134.5 recombinant viruses to evade PKR-mediated protein shutoff and maintain late viral protein synthesis.
The lymphocyte-like cell in the marrow of rats.

The lymphocyte-like cell of rat marrow is capable of performing as a multipotential cell. It resembles a small lymphocyte, and reacts to the effects of cortisone and thio-TEPA, as do small lymphocytes in other organs, thus should be called a small lymphocyte. Its sudden appearance in large numbers to occupy almost 50 per cent of the marrow space in suckling rats fourteen days of age can best be explained on the basis of migration of these cells to the marrow from other organs via the blood stream. The rate at which lymphocytosis of the bone marrow occurs in rats is influenced by the size of the suckling litters, and may be related to a non-caloric factor in mother's milk. The small lymphocyte probably represents the inactive phase of a multipotential cell, a dormant cell which can give rise to other cell forms when appropriately stimulated.
Common-Path Optical Coherence Tomography Using a Conical-Frustum-Tip Fiber Probe

We demonstrated an in-fiber common-path optical coherence tomography (OCT) system using a conical-frustum-tip fiber probe. The probe had a circularly truncated conical shape to increase reflection of reference light while preserving focus without additional lens components. We analyzed the intensity of reference light back-reflected from the probe using a ZEMAX simulation, and the optimal height of the conical-frustum lens was 1.0 μm. Compared to various other types of conical-frustum-tip fiber probes, the probe in this paper showed the best lateral resolution with a relatively high reflectivity. Experimental results are compared to simulations. This conical-frustum-tip probe provided a 3.7 times larger reflectivity than a conventional conical lens. Due to the increased reflection, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an OCT image was enhanced by up to 5.6 dB. Furthermore, the lateral resolution was less than 4.4 μm as verified by B-scan profiles of a resolution target card. This probe can be utilized as a forward-viewing endoscopic probe to enhance OCT image quality through an increase in SNR, sensitivity, a small size, and effective focusing without additional lens components.
CDK9/CYCLIN T1 expression during normal lymphoid differentiation and malignant transformation

CDK9 is a member of the CDC2‐like family of kinases. Its cyclin partners are members of the CYCLIN T family (T1, T2a, and T2b) and CYCLIN K. The CDK9/CYCLIN T1 complex is very important in the differentiation programme of several cell types, controlling specific differentiation pathways. Limited data are available regarding the expression of CDK9/CYCLIN T1 in haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. The aim of this study was to analyse the expression of the CDK9/CYCLIN T1 complex in lymphoid tissue, in order to assess its role in B‐ and T‐cell differentiation and lymphomagenesis. CDK9/CYCLIN T1 expression was found by immunohistochemistry in precursor B and T cells. In peripheral lymphoid tissues, germinal centre cells and scattered B‐ and T‐cell blasts in interfollicular areas expressed CDK9/CYCLIN T1, while mantle cells, plasma cells, and small resting T‐lymphocytes displayed no expression of either molecule. CDK9/CYCLIN T1 expression therefore appears to be related to particular stages of lymphoid differentiation/activation. CDK9 and CYCLIN T1 were highly expressed in lymphomas derived from precursor B and T cells, from germinal centre cells, such as follicular lymphomas, and from activated T cells (ie anaplastic large cell lymphomas). Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma also showed strong nuclear staining. Diffuse large B‐cell, Burkitt's lymphomas, and peripheral T‐cell lymphomas, among T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders, showed a wide range of values. No expression of CDK9 or CYCLIN T1 was detected in mantle cell and marginal zone lymphomas. However, at the mRNA level, an imbalance in the CDK9/CYCLIN T1 ratio was found in follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas with germinal centre phenotype, and in the cell lines of classical Hodgkin's lymphomas, Burkitt's lymphomas, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma, in comparison with reactive lymph nodes. These results suggest that the CDK9/CYCLIN T1 complex may affect the activation and differentiation programme of lymphoid cells. The molecular mechanism through which the CDK9/CYCLIN T1 complex is altered in malignant transformation needs to be elucidated. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Animal model for the therapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

The reverse transcriptase (RT) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the major target for antiretroviral therapy of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). While some inhibitors exhibit activity against most retroviral RTs, others are specific for the HIV-1 enzyme. To develop an animal model for the therapy of the HIV-1 infection with RT inhibitors, the RT of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was replaced by the RT of HIV-1. Macaques infected with this SIV/HIV-1 hybrid virus developed AIDS-like symptoms and pathology. The HIV-1-specific RT inhibitor LY300046.HCl, but not zidovudine [3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT)] delayed the appearance of plasma antigenemia in macaques infected with a high dose of the chimeric virus. Infection of macaques with the chimeric virus seems to be a valuable model to study the in vivo efficacy of new RT inhibitors, the emergence and reversal of drug resistance, the therapy of infections with drug-resistant viruses, and the efficacy of combination therapy.
TOE1 is an inhibitor of HIV-1 replication with cell-penetrating capability

Significance Understanding the host response to HIV-1 infection may provide important clues to design new strategies to prevent further infection and viral spread. In this report, we show that the cellular protein Target Of Egr1 (TOE1) can specifically bind to a HIV-1 regulatory sequence, called the transactivator response element, and inhibit its activity. This inhibition is shown to be sufficient to impair viral transcription and replication in HIV-1–infected T cells. We show that TOE1 is secreted from activated primary T cells, mimicking antigen presentation. Secreted forms of TOE1 cross the plasma membrane of neighboring cells and retain HIV-1 inhibitory activity. These results provide new information on a cellular mediator of HIV-1 inhibition and may guide further therapeutic anti–HIV-1 approaches. Target of Egr1 (TOE1) is a nuclear protein localized primarily in nucleoli and Cajal bodies that was identified as a downstream target of the immediate early gene Egr1. TOE1 displays a functional deadenylation domain and has been shown to participate in spliceosome assembly. We report here that TOE1 can function as an inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and show evidence that supports a direct interaction of TOE1 with the viral specific transactivator response element as part of the inhibitory mechanism. In addition, we show that TOE1 can be secreted by activated CD8+ T lymphocytes and can be cleaved by the serine protease granzyme B, one of the main components of cytotoxic granules. Both full-length and cleaved TOE1 can spontaneously cross the plasma membrane and penetrate cells in culture, retaining HIV-1 inhibitory activity. Antiviral potency of TOE1 and its cell-penetrating capability have been identified to lie within a 35-amino-acid region containing the nuclear localization sequence.
Using dynamic voltage scaling for energy-efficient flash-based storage devices

NAND flash memory is commonly known as a power-efficient storage medium. Because of the increasing complexity of flash-based storage devices, however, it is more difficult to achieve good power-efficiency without considering an energy-efficient storage device design. In this paper, we investigate the potential benefit of dynamic voltage/frequency scaling (DVFS) on the energy-efficiency of flash-based storage devices. We first develop a performance/power model for a flash device by using an FPGA-based flash device platform. We then propose a simple DVFS heuristic algorithm that exploits workload fluctuations of a flash device to achieve a significant reduction in energy consumption without performance degradation. Experimental results show that a flash device with DVFS can reduce energy consumption by up to 20%-30%.
Idiopathic Giant Cell Myocarditis: State of the Art

Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare, rapidly progressive and highly lethal disease in young and middle-aged adults. It is attributed to an inflammation of the heart muscle, and mediated by T lymphocytes and anti-myosin autoantibodies. Making diagnosis of GCM with multiple noninvasive imaging modalities is possible in a small percentage of patients, so myocardial tissue diagnosis is often required. An early diagnosis is very important, because immunosuppressive treatment may significantly improve clinical course and survival of these patients. GCM often escapes diagnosis until autopsy or transplantation and has defied proper treatment trials for its rarity and deadly behavior. This review will focus on the diagnostic approach to patients with suspected GCM and currently evidence-based treatment strategy for this disease.
Generalizing and Extending a Predictive Model for Standardized Test Scores Based On Cognitive Tutor Interactions

Recent work demonstrates that process data from intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) can be used to predict student outcomes on high-stakes, standardized tests. Such models are important if ITSs are to be used for formative assessment and as replacements for external assessments. Recent work used various measures of learning efficiency and performance from problem-level, aggregate data from Carnegie Learning’s Cognitive Tutor to predict standardized test scores on the state of Virginia’s Standards of Learning exam. We generalize this model to a different school district, state, and standardized test and examine extending the model using finer-grained data.
Rough Set Approach to Pattern Extraction from Classi ers

We discuss the impact of inductive reasoning on the rough set to concept approximation. In inductive reasoning one cannot de ne inclusion degrees of object neighborhoods directly into the target concepts but only into some neighborhoods relevant to such concepts. Such degrees together with degrees of inclusion of patterns in target concepts make it possible to de ne outputs of classi ers for new classi ed objects. We show how among formulas used for classi er construction from decision rules one can search for new patterns relevant for the incremental concept approximation.
A novel valve for microfluidic PDMS-based systems

This paper reports on an implementation of a novel valve based on the venous valve principle for complex microfluidic networks. Strong coupled field numerical simulations were used to analyse flexible artificial micro-machined venous valves for the first time. Different designs are optimized towards a maximum pressure distribution onto the flaps of the valves to achieve a higher diodicity. The simulation illustrated mechanisms to elevate the diodicities of the valves. The diodicities of the valves were characterised using fluorescence-based measurements, which enables noncontact determination of micro-valve diodicities and volume flows.
Spillover effects in User-Generated Content: Evidence from Online Reviews of Interdependent Service Chains

User-generated online reviews are an important decision aid for consumers affecting purchase prob-abilities and sales figures. However, little is known about factors influencing the review generation process. Thus, this paper empirically examines the impact of cross-organizational spillover effects on user-generated online service reviews. Specifically, we study how the overall perception of consumers towards a service provider expressed in online reviews is affected by upstream service providers in interdependent service chains (ISCs). Based on the Treatment-By-Association (TBA) phenomenon, we design a research model to study both the existence and evolvement of cross-organizational spillover effects in online reviews of ISCs. Utilizing every airline and airport review posted over 13 years on www.AirlineQuality. com, we show that both positive and negative spillover effects exist: Increased (decreased) overall ratings of an upstream service node are associated with increased (decreased) ratings of the directly following service node in the ISC. In addition, we show that this is not true for more distantly arranged service nodes. We contribute to the IS research stream of online reviews by shedding light on spillover effects and by providing evidence for the proposed TBA. Furthermore, suggestions how practitioners could manage and utilize spillover effects to improve their customer experience are provided.
A CMOS 2D Micro-Fluxgate Earth Magnetic Field Sensor with Digital Output

A complete CMOS integrated microsystem for detecting the direction of the Earth's magnetic field (whose full-scale value is on the order of 60muT), realized with the micromodule approach, including both sensor and electronic interface circuit, achieves 4deg accuracy on the measured angle and provides a digital output. The system response is linear in the range of plusmn60muT with a maximum non-linearity error of about 3% of full-scale.
Determination of the pyroelectric coefficient within pyroelectric materials by using space charge measurements

In this paper, a new theory allowed calculating the pyroelectric coefficient “p” using the diffusion of a thermal wave within materials having a pyroelectric effect. The demonstration is performed on materials composed by various percentages of a cycloaliphatic epoxy (CE) resin and of a flexibilizing comonomer (1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether - HDGE). By using an electric field measurement technique (the Thermal Step Method - TSM), the signal obtained on these materials (a current) presents an atypical form, which requires the modification of the theoretical model of the TSM. Indeed, the theory of the TSM technique has been initially developed for insulating materials with a high dielectric time constant. An adaptation of the technique is thus necessary to analyze the behavior of materials, which present a modification of their molecular structure during the application of the thermal wave. During a space charge characterization performed on these materials, we have observed an atypical shape for the thermal step currents. To help in the interpretation, the broadband dielectric spectroscopy and the Differential Scanning Calorimetry technique (DSC) were used to obtain additional information. Considering these results, a circuit containing a resistor and a capacitor in series has been used for modeling the materials. This equivalent circuit constitutes the beginning of the new theory, which is developed in this paper. The pyroelectric coefficient generated by the thermal step diffusion, due to the presence of a pyroelectric effect of these studied materials, has been calculated using the detailed model.