Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spin and charge transfer in selected nanostructures

The general theme in this thesis is the interplay between electron spin and charge in nanoscale transport phenomena. The main presentation is divided into three independent chapters. In chapter 2, we propose a mechanism that explains the excess damping and dynamic exchange interactions which are observed in ferromagnet/paramagnet hybrids. A moving ferromagnetic magnetization emits spin current into adjacent conductors, exerting a relaxation torque and transferring angular momentum out of the ferromagnet. This spin angular momentum can scatter back, relax in a nonmagnetic spacer, or be absorbed by a second ferromagnet. In the first case, the macroscopic magnetization dynamics is not affected; in the second case, the magnetization motion is nonlocally damped by spin-flip scattering processes in the spacer; and in the latter case, the two ferromagnets become dynamically coupled by an exchange of itinerant spins, resulting in collective excitation modes. This relaxation and coupling can be large and, in some cases, dominant over other mechanisms in ultrathin films and nanoparticles. Chapter 3 is devoted to studying electronic transfer in tunnel-coupled quantum wires of exceptional quality, fabricated at the cleaved edge of a GaAs/AlGaAs bilayer heterostructure. Tunneling between such wires depends on the one-electron confinement profiles along the wires as well as on electron-electron interactions in the system.
A New Dual-Frequency LC oscillator: Analysis and Design

In this paper, a new dual-frequency LC oscillator is introduced. This new architecture is designed taking the advantage of a Wheatstone-bridge LC resonator concept that enables the oscillator to generate two different frequencies simultaneously. In contrast to previous designs, no transistor switches are incorporated in the structure of this dual-frequency circuit. So, the proposed configuration is suitable for low phase noise applications. The performance of the oscillator has been verified using circuit simulations in 0.18 µm CMOS technology. Circuit simulations show phase noises of -109 dBc/Hz and -105 dBc/Hz for 1.8 GHz and 2.7 GHz frequency bands respectively in 100 kHz offset frequency.
Search for B ! (cid:2) decays with hadronic B tags

We present a search for the decay B (cid:1) ! (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:2) using 383 (cid:2) 10 6 B (cid:1) B pairs collected at the (cid:2) (cid:3) 4 S (cid:4) resonance with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II B Factory. We select a sample of events with one
A novel Ensemble Deep Belief Network and Bayesian Adaptive Aggregation for Regression

—Ensemble modeling of Neural Networks is a strategy where multiple alternative models (ensemble members) are constructed and then their forecasts are ensembled using various combination approaches. Ensemble of Neural Networks has proved the concept behind this strategy. Deep neural network is a type of neural network that offers potential opportunities to overcome traditional ensemble of neural networks. This paper proposes an ensemble of deep belief networks (DBN). The ensemble members of DBN are constructed with different number of epochs so that the generalization ability can be improved. The outputs of these DBNs are aggregated by a Bayesian model averaging method. The proposed Bayesian adopted ensemble of DBNs is evaluated on two benchmark data sets. Comparison of the proposed model is evaluated with simple averaging and single DBN over a number of forecasting measuring that shows better performance of the proposed model.
Abnormal data cleaning of wind turbine power curve using Bayesian change point-quartile combined algorithm

During the operation of wind turbines, there are a lot of abnormal data collected from wind power data, which cannot be used to truly evaluate the performance and operation state of wind turbines. According to the distribution characteristics of these abnormal data, an outlier delete method using Bayesian change point-quartile combined algorithm is proposed. Firstly, to identify and delete the abnormal data below wind power curve, based on the Bayesian theorem, change point position is identified. Finally, the quartile method is utilized to delete the upper sparse outliers. The proposed method is applied to 10-min field monitoring wind power data, root mean square error (RMSE), program running time and the rejection rate of field wind turbine data are used to measure model accuracy, the results show that compared with the least squares (LS) change point method, the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.
Cytological Effects of Ultra-High Temperatures on Corn

Corn (Zea mays L. ‘Funk's G-83’) seedling leaves exposed to flame-generated ultra-high temperatures produced in flame cultivation were fixed in glutaraldehyde, post fixed in osmium tetroxide, and embedded in Araldite. In the light microscope, bundle sheath cells of flamed tissue were more heavily stained with Azure II and less vacuolated than were nonflamed cells. Heated mesophyll cells contained swollen, disrupted, and granular chloroplasts. Examination of flamed tissue by electron microscopy revealed granular, dispersed cytaplasm and altered membrane systems. Chloroplast lamellar systems and envelopes, tonoplasts, and plasmalemmas were disintegrated in both bundle sheath and mesophyll cells.
Application of PSO Improved Algorithm in Motor Fault Diagnosis Simulation

Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional fault diagnosis methods of electric motors, the author proposes a method based on the application of improved PSO algorithm in the simulation of motor fault diagnosis. The method optimizes the fault diagnosis method of BP neural network by adopting the adaptive mutation particle swarm algorithm. Firstly, the fault features are extracted from the response signals of the measurable points of the motor to be tested, and wavelet packet decomposition and normalization are performed to construct a sample set; then, the particle swarm improvement algorithm is used to optimize the weights and thresholds of the BP neural network, so as to realize the training and testing of the motor to be tested. In the fault diagnosis of a certain motor, it is found that the fault diagnosis time and diagnosis rate of this method are significantly improved compared with the previous ones, and the diagnosis rate reaches 99% when the center deviation range is 0.3, the efficiency of the fault diagnosis model for parameter optimization through the improved PSO algorithm is higher, and the accuracy of the diagnosis results is further improved.
Optical performance of grazing incidence x-ray / EUV telescopes for space science applications

The science and technology of X-rays has only been part of human achievement for the past 100 years, while the study of image formation in general has endured for as long as 1000 years. The ability to conceive, design, and fabricate X-ray imagers, moreover, has existed for only the past 70 years, and X-ray astronomical telescopes have been in use for a mere 35 years. Considering that aplanatic, normal incidence telescope designs required more than 400 years to perfect, it is most interesting to note that the development of 'aplanatic' grazing incidence telescopes has taken only about 40 years. In order to improve and expand the field of X-ray astronomy, and imaging in general, we find that these days a comprehensive systems engineering approach to X-ray image formation must be undertaken. While some industrial interests have taken steps in this direction, any academic approach is lacking from within the archival literature to date, and there are virtually no established university courses. Indeed, it would seem that top level, optical-systems-engineering is exclusively reserved for those seasoned professionals who have accumulated (though somewhat artistically) the "know-how" to efficiently conceive and implement excellent optical designs. Such expert knowledge is not and should not be mysterious. To this end, we attempt to formulate a highly comprehensive approach to X-ray optical systems engineering and implement it within the context of the Wolter Type-I and Type-II (grazing incidence) telescopes currently utilized for practical X-ray/EUV astronomy. In addition, we will transform the classical paraboloid-hyperboloid designs into 'aplanatic' and 'isoplanatic', hyperboloid-hyperboloid systems, where certain coma conditions are minimized. As will be shown, one gains little improvement in performance when choosing a quasi-aplanatic mirror design over a classical one, owing to scatter and other image degradation effects. Next we will show that a generalized hyperboloidhyperboloid design can be comprehensively optimized for any imaging requirement, where the operational field-of-view is weighted according to spatial information content. Our H-H design has been optimized for the GOES Solar X-ray Imager mission and adopted by NASA and NOAA. It is currently undergoing fabrication by Raytheon Optical Systems Inc. who is under subcontract to the Lockheed-Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory. Our design is expected to result in an 80% increase in optical system performance over the original SXI baseline design. Dedicated to the memory of my parents : v Kenneth and Billie-Mae
Geoid Reveals the Density Structure of Cratonic Lithosphere

Geoid is a key observable for understanding the dynamics of the deep Earth, but has been considered largely transparent to long‐wavelength shallow density structures, especially those of the cratonic lithosphere. Here, we demonstrate that the observed flat craton‐ocean geoid pattern, traditionally interpreted as reflecting neutrally buoyant cratonic keels, provides critical constraints on both the net buoyancy and the depth‐dependent density distribution of cratonic mantle lithosphere. Using both simple theoretical calculations and quantitative numerical models, we show that the recent seismic data on lithospheric structure require the existence of a dense cratonic mantle lithosphere to explain the observed topography and geoid. In practice, topography reveals the net buoyancy of the cratonic lithosphere, while geoid further delineates the depth‐dependence of excess density. We find that the mantle lithosphere below large cratons bears net negative buoyancy close to that of a pure‐thermal lithosphere, with most of the excess density distributed within the lower half of the lithosphere. Density profiles of small cratons, due to strong edge effects from surrounding orogenic belts, are harder to constrain, except that their mantle lithosphere is also negatively buoyant.
Monte Carlo method at the 24 game and its application for mathematics education

Students often find mathematics a challenging subject and turn it into a scourge for them. Game-based learning, such as “24-card game”, help engage students in a self-paced and fun learning process and thus may overcome students’ math anxiety and promote mental math skills. This research aims to examine how the 24-card game works using the Monte Carlo method and the possibility to overcome students' mathematics anxiety. The meta-analysis method was used to explain Monte Carlo’s simulation to solve the solution for all possible combinations of cards in the game and respectively assign difficulty levels. The student's proficiency level was evaluated based on the divergence value in the number of guesses required to solve the dealt combination at 87% to show full proficiency. The evaluation could also show the math difficulty of advanced operations, such as fractions and grouping games. This game is more efficient in developing students' mental math skills compared to a conventional and rigidly structured classroom lecture.
The role of design parameters on the performance of diffuse ceiling ventilation systems – thermal comfort analyses for indoor environment

ABSTRACT Thermal comfort conditions profoundly affect the occupants’ health and productivity. A diffuse ceiling ventilation system is an air distribution system in which the air is supplied to the occupied zone with relatively a low velocity through the perforated panels installed in the ceiling. The current study evaluated the impact of diffuse ceiling design parameters, i.e. diffuse panel configurations and heat load distributions, on the thermal comfort condition of the occupants. In this regard, the computational fluid dynamics technique was used to evaluate thermal comfort conditions in a waiting room, meeting room and office. The central and dispersal configuration of active diffuse panels was considered. The PMV-PPD model was applied to evaluate the overall occupants’ comfort, while the draft rate was considered to assess local thermal comfort. The model validation was performed by comparing the collected laboratory measurement data. Overall, the results indicated that the central active diffuse panel configuration had a better thermal comfort than the dispersed one. The evaluation of dispersed configuration in realist scenarios, including office and waiting room, had the highest dissatisfaction, with a PPD value of 9%. Local thermal comfort assessment revealed that dispersed configuration had the highest draft rate of 14% in the office.
The Effects of Using Education Technology Tools on Learning Grammar for Students in Secondary School

Technology has become an indispensable part of modern life, and this is also true in education, especially during today's Covid-19 pandemic when students have to study online and offline. Educational technology and especially technology tools are used in teaching and learning English to promote teachers' teaching process to be more active, proactive, and creative, and also to help students have a more active and effective way of learning. In addition, technology helps teachers design their lessons more lively and attractive and provide extra lessons outside of regular school hours to help students understand the content of the lectures deeply, complete their assignments and expand their knowledge, especially grammar. This study focuses on the effects of using technology and technology tools in cultivating grammar for students, remarkably in supporting students in online learning. In this article, researchers have given definitions of technology tools, grammar, and types of tools commonly used in the process of teaching and learning grammar; thereby, teachers have the right choice for each type of technology tool for their lesson. At the same time, it also significantly improves the teaching and learning process when technology is applied.
Performance of GOE-387 Airfoil Using CFD

In this research, CFD analysis of the two-dimensional subsonic flow over a GOE 387 airfoil at various angles of attack and operating at a Reynolds number of 3 x105 is presented. Pressure distribution, Pressure Coefficient (Cp), Moment Coefficient (Cm) Lift Coefficient (Cl), and Drag Coefficient (Cd) are determined. The geometry of the airfoil is created using ANSYS Design Modeler. CFD analysis is carried out using FLUENT 17.2 at various angles of attack from -5° to 20°. Pressure distributions over GOE-387 airfoil for different angles of attack are presented. Moment coefficients and pressure coefficients are plotted against the angle of attack. Cl-Cd graph is plotted.
SIMULATION OF CONSOLIDATION IN PARTIALLY SATURATED SOIL MATERIALS - eScholarship

LBL—14228 LBL-14228 DE82 0 1 8 5 8 3 SIMULATION OF CONSOLIDATION IN PARTIALLY SATURATED SOIL MATERIALS T.N. NARASIMHAN Earth Sciences Division Laurence Berkeley Laboratory University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 March 1982 Presented at the Symposium on Unsaturated Flow and Transport Modeling Seattle, Washington, March 23-24, 1982 This work was supported by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission through Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington. and The U.S. Department of Energy under C o n t r a c t DE-AC03-76SF00098. W I I M DF HUB MMEHT IS USUWiH rt SUTn Govfronw
Simulation and Comparative Study of Resonant Tunneling Diode

This paper studies and investigates the effect of physical and electrical parameters on double, triple and six barrier resonant tunneling diodes (RTD). The materials used for quantum well and barriers are Gallium arsenide (GaAs) and Aluminium gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), respectively. The parameters that were reasoned and studied include conduction band, current density, transmission coefficient and resonance energy. The above parameters were studied by changing bias voltage, temperature, barrier width and doping concentration. From the simulations performed it is observed that for double barrier RTD the peak current density is observed at 0.2 V and the valley current density is observed at 0.3 V, whereas for a triple barrier RTD the peak current density is observed at 0.015 V and the valley current density is observed at 0.06 V. The value of transmission coefficient for double barrier RTD decreases especially after bias applied is more than resonant bias (0.2 V). The effect of increasing bias leads to a decrease in the resonance level in the conduction band. The width of resonance energy decreases with the increase in barrier width. With increase in number of barrier the number of resonance level increases which leads to an increasing peaks in the transmission coefficient curve. The effect of increasing temperature leads to higher current and more resonance energy. With the thickening of barrier width, less transmission of electrons occurs leading to a reduced current density. When the barriers are increased the negative differential region (NDR) is achieved at low voltages. HIGHLIGHTS This paper studies and investigates the effect of physical and electrical parameters on double, triple and six barrier resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) The parameters include conduction band, current density, transmission coefficient, and resonance energy The parameters were studied by changing bias voltage, temperature, barrier width, and doping concentration It is observed that for double barrier RTD the peak current density is observed at 0.2 V and the valley current density is observed at 0.3 V For a triple barrier RTD the peak current density is observed at 0.015 V and the valley current density is observed at 0.06 V GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Bibliometric analysis of research aspects of simple sequence repeats in cultivars

Simple sequence repeats are ubiquitous patterns found in prokaryotes and eukaryote genome sequences. Identification and analysis of simple sequence repeat in chloroplast and mitochondrial genome sequences of several crop cultivars and environmentally significant plants have been performed to study genetic diversity, genetic variations, molecular breeding, gene discovery, disease identification, and hypervariability. Considering the versatile nature of microsatellites, a bibliometric analysis of the published global literature related to the study of microsatellites in cultivars from the web of science core collection database was analyzed by VOSviewer to gain insight into the frontier research topics, key researchers, institutes, current trends, technology, full citations and, lead publisher etc. A total of 1700 publications were retrieved, with an average article citation of 22.91 and an H index of 77. In addition, the frontier topics of research and technologies involved were explored from the abstract and title field. This study gives insight into the current and future scientific trends in the identification and analysis of microsatellites in cultivar's genome sequences. Also, it may help professionals and other stakeholders to fill the gap in microsatellites-related research in crops.
Building an entrepreneurial and innovative culture in a university makerspace

This paper reports on the first nine months of a new makerspace, with a focus on student perception of the space and the development of a community of practice. A mixed method approach – a survey, in situ observations, and interviews – was used to assess the space. Staff, faculty, and student involvement are reported. Student led training sessions and workshops, with varying levels of participation, are documented to develop best practices. Qualitative and quantitative data show that a true community of practice has yet to emerge, but many elements are present in the space. First semester attendance indicates that over half the population of the school of engineering uses the space and diversity of use is growing. Integration into the curriculum of several departments is planned as the space will grow into a resource to supplement engineering design education. An iterative approach was used for the design of the space, and this approach is continued as the community and culture of the makerspace develops.
Push‐pull strategy for integrated control of Bactrocera minax (Diptera, Tephritidae) based on olfaction and vision

Chinese citrus fly Bactrocera minax is a major destructive pest of citrus fruits. The adult stage of B. minax is the critical life stage for control measures because all other life stages are hidden either in infested host fruit or in soil. Therefore, we established a push‐pull system for the control of adults B. minax. Three types of attractants were tested in two orchards. With these attractants, the percentage of infested fruits was reduced from 95.0% to 75.4% and from 89.6% to 72.4% for navel orange and satsuma mandarin, respectively. The in‐house developed food attractant displayed the best reduction compared to two commercial attractants. The food attractant traps (pull) combined with Xanthium sibiricum leaf extract as the repellent (push) hung on a copse at the edge of the orchard fields further reduced the fruit infestation rate from 75.5% to 7.6% in the navel orchards and from 100.0% to 5.6% in the satsuma orchards. When the green luring balls were added as a visual cue to the pull component, the percentage of infested fruits in the orchards was further reduced from 27.8% and 36.6% to 0.4% and 2.9%, respectively. In this five‐year study, B. minax was effectively controlled using behavioural manipulation of their response to olfactory and visual cues in a push‐pull control strategy.
Video Evidence of Tissue Sliding Improvement by Ultrasound-Guided Hydrorelease on Scars After Arthroscopic Knee Surgery: A Case Report

Postoperative scarring is a complication of arthroscopic knee surgery that causes a lack of terminal extension and tissue sliding defects. We present video evidence of tissue sliding before and after ultrasound-guided hydrorelease in a 53-year-old man. The patient presented with pain in the scarred area following arthroscopic knee surgery. His active and passive extension was -5° with restricted patellar mobility. Dynamic ultrasonography revealed scar tissue sliding defects. For ultrasound-guided hydrorelease, a needle (22G, 60 mm) was aimed at a site within 10 mm depth of the hypoechoic change in the scar area below the patella, and saline solution (10 mL) mixed with 1% lidocaine (10 mL) and 10 mg prednisolone was injected. Immediately after injection, the patient's extension was 0° with no pain or limitation of patellar mobility, and dynamic ultrasonography showed tissue sliding improved. Video evidence from dynamic ultrasonography clarifies the direction of the inadequate slide and the indication for and efficacy of ultrasound-guided hydrorelease. This case highlights the benefits of video evidence from dynamic ultrasonography before and after ultrasound-guided hydrorelease.
Influenza infection is not associated with phenotypical frailty in older patients, a prospective cohort study

Influenza is a challenging infectious illness for older adults. It is not completely clear whether influenza is associated with frailty or functional decline. We sought to determine the association between incident influenza infection and frailty and prefrailty in community patients over 50 years of age. We also investigated the association between influenza vaccination and frailty and prefrailty as a secondary aim.