Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Equipped for resistance: An agonistic conceptualization of the public library as a verb

A theoretical framework for understanding public library development is presented; plural agonistics is used in combination with an approach inspired by posthumanism. The framework is related to examples from a study of two Swedish public libraries. Antagonism is viewed as foundational, and democracy as an ongoing process, the task being to transform antagonism to agonism, with institutions like libraries postulated as important spaces for adversaries to meet in dialogue. Libraries are viewed here as constantly becoming institutions, and the librarian's identity as an ongoing enactment of the library. To underscore the crucial role the library fills in society, it is conceptualized as a verb and a new word is proposed: to librarize. Discussions about the content of libraries are critical for librarians to find ways to perform the library. The ongoing debate is part of the professional performance of librarians. Librarians should, while acknowledging that there may be no single right way, debate over what is the most beneficial way to facilitate libraries’ vital role in democracy. Conceptualizing of the library as a verb and its implications for librarianship as a possible active agent for radical change within society are offered as articulations of resistance.
Anti‐Apolipoprotein A‐I in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Comment on the Article by Kim et al

I read with great interest the literature review proposed by Kim SY and colleagues in the Journal issue dedicated to the role of HDL as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (1) and felt that the part dedicated to anti-apoA-I autoantibodies would certainly benefit from the following comments.
THE EVOLUTION OF SELF‐POLLINATION IN CLARKIA XANTIANA

The evolutionary effects of outbreeding and inbreeding systems have caused considerable interest and speculation over the years and their influence in changing gene frequencies has been formalized mathematically (see Fisher, 1949; Wright, 1921). A large body of data is available on the genetical basis of the sex and incompatibility mechanisms promoting outcrossing in plants but similar information on the devices favoring self-fertilization is much more scanty. Self-pollinating races or species occur widely throughout the angiosperms and there seems little doubt that they have been derived from outcrossing relatives (Stebbins, 1957). In self-compatible plants, self-pollination is often limited either by temporal or physical separation of the mature anther and stigma or by some combination of these two types of mechanism. Automatic self-pollination is effected by the juxtaposition of the mature anther and stigma. It can be the result of regular environmental changes as in Viola (Evans, 1956; Bergstrom, 1939; Bergdolt, 1932) where open, cross-pollinated flowers occur early in the season and cleistogamous flowers are produced during the longer, warmer days of summer; a comparable seasonal sequence occurs in Bromus carinatus (Harlan, 1945). Self-fertilization may also result from temporary or local environmental changes as in Narthecium ossifragum, Stipa, and Danthonia (Stebbins, 1957). In the majority of self-pollinating plants, however, the mechanism is apparently less subject to environmental influences. Stebbins (1950, pp. 176-179) has suggested that self-pollination is most likely to arise
Reply

We are very pleased to hear from Prof. Luis Graca and his colleagues. Their study plays an important role in improving the understanding of the significance of Tfr cells in RA, and raised key points for this issue, which is of great significance for further in-depth research. First we would like to explain some details about our research (1). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Molecular characterisation of four human Y‐specific microsatellites (DYS434, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439) for population and forensic studies

In this work we present results on DYS434, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 loci studied in three population samples from North Portugal (N: 69), Macao (N: 59) and Mozambique (N: 64). Gene and haplotype diversity values are presented and compared. Gene diversity values ranged from 0.0290 to 0.0620 for DYS434; 0.0615 to 0.5959 for DYS437; 0.4906 to 0.6424 for DYS438; 0.5873 to 0.7038 for DYS439. The highest average gene diversity was found in Macao and the lowest in Mozambique. Haplotype diversity in North Portugal, Macao and Mozambique was calculated to be 0.925, 0.928 and 0.787, respectively.
Chemical Composition and Antidiabetic Activity of Essential Oils Obtained from Two Spices (Syzygium aromaticum and Cuminum cyminum)

The current aim was to evaluate antidiabetic potential of Syzygium aromaticum and Cuminum cyminum essential oils and their emulsions by alpha amylase inhibition assay. Antidiabetic activity of C. cyminum and S. aromaticum was examined in dose dependent mode (1 to 100 µg/mL). The maximum antidiabetic activity for S. aromaticum and C. cyminum essential oils was noted at the highest dose (100 µg/mL). Five emulsions (essential oil + surfactant [tween 80] + co-surfactant [ethanol] + water) of different concentrations for S. aromaticum (A1 to A5) and C. cyminum (B1 to B5) essential oils were formulated. Among different emulsions, A5 of S. aromaticum and B5 of C. cyminum essential oil exhibited a maximum antidiabetic activity with 95.30 and 83.09% inhibition of α-amylase, respectively. Moreover, the analysis of essential oils showed that eugenol (18.7%) and α-pinene (18.8%) were the major components of S. aromaticum and C. cyminum essential oils, respectively.
Occurrence, Diet and Growth of Juvenile Blacktip Sharks, Carcharhinus limbatus, from Los Roques Archipelago National Park, Venezuela

Abstract. Distribution, occurrence, diet and growth of juvenile blacktip sharks, Carcharhinus limbatus, were examined based on specimens caught between 1995 and 2002 by the artisanal shark fishery from Los Roques Archipelago. Fishery monitoring revealed that C. limbatus was the species most frequently caught, accounting for 48.5% of the shark catch. Capture of neonate and juvenile sharks was concentrated in the central lagoon of the archipelago, indicating that this area corresponds to a nursery area for the species. Birth season was approximately from mid June to the end of August. Average length at birth was 63.5 cm TL, based on neonates with an open umbilical scar. The smallest mature male and female sharks measured 152 and 161 cm TL, respectively. Diet was composed of teleost fishes, with the most important prey being Eucinostomus argenteus (13.3 %IRI), Opisthonema oglinum (6.9 %IRI) and Gerres cinereus (5.5 %IRI). Monthly length frequencies revealed that juveniles remain within the nursery area for 14–16 months after birth, reaching a length of about 130 cm TL during this period. The growth of the juvenile population is characterized by a linear function, with sharks almost doubling their birth length during the first year of life. This growth was more rapid than the estimated rates reported from the Gulf of Mexico, western Florida and South Africa. The results suggest that growth rate is negatively correlated with latitude or positively correlated with temperature. The rapid growth shown by these juveniles will have positive implications for the recovery of the adult populations of this species.
Breeding Season of the Starfish, Asterina pectinifera, at Rishiri Island in Hokkaido

The gonads of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera, in the north Hokkaido were histologically examined during two years. In June and July, rapid growth of gonads was induced in consequence of the spermiogenesis in testis and the formation of yolk and pigment granules in ovary. The testis and the ovary exhibited a full-grown state in August. In the beginning of September, the gonad wall increased in thickness. Besides, the sperms in testis decreased in amount and aggregation of the follicle cells occurred in ovary. Thus, it was concluded that the breeding of the starfish in this Island was achieved in the beginning of September. Thereafter, ovarian development was seen again in autumn. But, in winter the ovary remained in the state of rest.
Root dynamics in a young Scots pine stand in Central Sweden

The dynamic changes of root systems were investigated in a 15-20 yr old Scots pine Pinus sylvestris stand at Ivantjarnsheden in Central Sweden. Two independent strata were designated for the purposes of sampling, one of them dominated by clones of Calluna vulgaris and the other by Cladonia lichens. Considerable variations in the fine-root quantity during the season were recorded for P. sylvestris, C. vulgaris and Vaccinium vitis-idaea. The root dynamics of P. sylvestris in the < 1 mm diameter class were assessed via five quantitative variables: weight, length, volume surface area and root-tip number. Regression relationships were developed. The annual production in the fine roots (<2 mm in diameter) of P. sylvestris, C. vulgaris and V. vitis-idaea was estimated as 183 ? 26, 38 ? 16 and 135 ? 36 g m-2 respectively, in the total stand. The cumulative annual total in dead fine roots was 121 ? 20, 25 ? 13 and 104 ? 25 g m. Estimates, which are optimal figures derived from different calculation methods, are given ? one standard error. These results suggest a production and supply of dead fine-root material to the soil, considerably higher than that conventionally expected.
Short-Term Reversals: The Effects of Institutional Exits and Past Returns

Return reversals depend on de facto market making by active informed investors as well as uninformed market makers. Accordingly, we find that reversals are higher following declines in the number of active institutional investors. Price declines over the past quarter, which serve as a proxy for declines in active investors, lead to stronger reversals across the subsequent two months; indeed reversals are concentrated primarily in past quarter losers. We provide evidence that price pressure induced by fire sales in response to past stock price drops cannot fully account for our results. Further, the evidence is consistent with market makers reacting more quickly to changes in the number of informed investors in the more recent period, particularly for large firms.
A Novel Group of Miticides Containing the Cyclopropane Moiety: Laboratory Experiments and Field Studies in Strawberries on the Twospotted Spider Mite

A new chemical class of compounds derived from cyclopropylmethyl alcohol or from cyclopropane carboxylic acid has been shown to control populations of Tetranychus urticae Koch under field conditions. Spider mites in strawberries were still under control 32 days after applications of certain of these compounds. Satisfactory activity was a result of good residual properties, direct ovicidal effects, and temporary sterilization of adult females. Translaminar transport, while not confirmed in strawberries, was shown to occur in lima bean leaves. Death occurred primarily during embryonic development and larval-nymphal molt.
Respiratie bij vogels: een functioneel-anatomische benadering

The mechanism of avian respiration is still controversial. It is fundamentally different from respiration in mammals. Although during in-and expiration a continuous caudocranial airflow is present within the tertiary bronchi and the air capillaries of the avian lung, the air flow within the entire respiratory system is still equivocal. Several patterns explaining the air flow during in-and expiration have been proposed during the past century. Moreover, various anatomical structures and aerodynamic mechanisms have recently been described in an attempt to explain the proposed mechanisms of respiration. This manuscript gives an overview of the anatomy of the avian respiratory system and the hypotheses concerning the physiology of avian respiration.
The Ecology of Natural Resources.

The relationship between Man and Animals and the natural resources of the Environment in which they exist together with their combined use of these resources is the subject of this book. The conflicting demands on resources and the maintenance of their potential for renewal world-wide is a subject of critical and developing importance for the future of this planet. This second edition provides up-dated statistical information, places more emphasis on energy resources and takes account of new studies on population and development. It is an introductory textbook for students of geography and environmental studies.
Northern bobwhite restocking in East Texas : A genetic assessment

Beginning in 1990 a study area in east Texas was selected for restocking of northern bobwhite. Samples from 2 distinct subspecies, Colinus virginianus texanus (south Texas) and C. v. mexicanus (east Texas), were introduced to the study area in February of 1990 and 1991. Restriction site variation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) revealed geographic subdivision between the subspecies. Observed frequency differences of mtDNA haplotypes identified for each subspecies were used to assess the relative success of relocated south Texas, east Texas, and resident birds. In 1991 and 1992 samples of unmarked birds (primarily subadults) were collected subsequent to restocking efforts in 1990-91. Among the 186 birds examined for mtDNA variation, the new birds obtained in 1991-92 genetically were more similar to C. v. mexicanus, the stock obtained from east Texas. These results suggest restocking efforts of bobwhite should involve either local birds or birds from the same subspecies. The management implications of these findings are discussed.
Psychological therapies

Psychological therapies for depression may have several different targets: symptom amelioration, relapse prevention, and improving social adaptation. For cognitive therapy the targets are mainly the first two of these, for dynamic psychotherapies particularly the third. In dysthymia, provision of a coping repertoire for a long term illness may also be important. There have been few controlled trials of psychological therapies in dysthymia, but one study has found benefit from marital therapy, and uncontrolled studies suggest some benefit from cognitive therapy. Controlled trials in other forms of depression of specific targeted psychotherapies, most commonly interpersonal psychotherapy, but also group, marital and family therapy, and social work, show benefit on social adjustment and some benefit on symptoms. Controlled trials of cognitive therapy show symptom benefit in milder depression, and strongly suggestive evidence of relapse reduction.
The following abstracts were presented at the Annual Meeting of the Scottish Intensive Care Society in St Andrews, January 2013

Whilst a range of techniques have evaluated changes in limb muscle mass during critical illness, no technique has evaluated truncal muscle mass changes. Truncal muscles serve important functions such as maintaining the normal posture of the spine, and have been evaluated in cancer patients [1]. The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in the cross-sectional area over time of seven truncal muscles could be detected in a group of critically ill patients measured on routinely performed abdominal computerised tomography (CT) scans.
Discarded

Information about this case is rather insufficient. In July 1945 he suddenly developed diploia, paraesthesia in 4th and 5th fingers of the right hand, and at the same time slight weakness in the right foot. There was some improvement the next 2-3 months. In October 1945 again diploia of sudden onset and severe pain in neck, which lasted for a fortnight. At the same time weakness in left leg. In November 1945 weakness in right leg. No improvement. According to his adoptive mother his condition deteriorated gradually. In 1947 he was having bladder disturbances and in 1949 he was bedridden. 1951 patient died. Neurological examination 1947 (Landspitalinn), revealed horizontal nystaginus, paresis right arm, right biceps brisker than left, left ankle clonus, bilateral extensor plantar response. Abdominal reflexes absent. Dysmetria in right arm. Spastic and ataxic gait. Romberg positive. Laboratory findings: C. S . F. normal, blood investigations normal, W. R. and Kahn negative. There is some doubt as to multiplicity of lesions. The only known relapse was 2 months after onset of first symptoms. The history was incomplete. There were no remissions. Eventually this case should be in group 2.
Increased Graft-Versus-Host Susceptibility of Thymectomized Recipients.∗

Summary Thymectomy performed immediately after birth increases the susceptibility of (C3H X A)F1 recipients to development of splenomegaly following the injection of spleen cells from A and C3H mice, and of C3H recipients to produce splenomegaly following the injection of spleen cells from A mice. In view of current knowledge, that much of the splenomegaly in grait-versus-host reaction is due to proliferation of host cells, our experiments indicate that this proliferation does not involve thymus dependent im-munocompetent cells of the host. These findings stress once again the susceptibility of the neonatally thymectomized recipient mouse to the development of homologous disease after injection of homologous cells which are readily rejected by the intact recipients. The findings have important implication in efforts to design and execute replacement therapy for humans genetically or developmentally lacking in thymic system of lymphocytes.
Predicting the interactions between "ecologically equivalent" indigenous and nonindigenous brachyurans

Predictive models used to determine the impacts of nonindigenous brachyurans on their "ecological equivalents" in marine ecosystems are sorely lacking. Determining the spatial and temporal extent and magnitude of such impacts by nonindigenous species is difficult because of the broad range of qualitative and quantitative criteria currently used to de- scribe their effects. Forecasting potential impacts requires the development of predictive models that incorporate the effects of interspecific interactions and the mechanisms that give rise to these interactions. Successful validation of such models re- quires improved techniques for measuring and estimating the functional responses on bioenergetic processes across species compositions, abundances, and environmental conditions. Species-specific information used to support predictive modeling of nonindigenous brachyurans is currently heavily biased towards (i) estimating per capita consumption and growth rates in laboratory conditions and (ii) incorporating the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on these measures. Robust predictive models require repetitive experimentation that advances the understanding of species' interactions (beyond consumption alone) across variable densities and considers their effects across different spatial and temporal scales. Resume : Les modeles predictifs utilises pour determiner les incidences des brachyoures non indigenes sur leurs « equiva- lents ecologiques » dans les ecosystemes marins font gravement defaut. En raison du large eventail de criteres qualitatifs et quantitatifs presentement utilises pour en decrire les effets, il est difficile de determiner l'etendue spatiale et temporelle et la magnitude de telles incidences d'especes non indigenes. La prevision des incidences potentielles necessite la mise au point de modeles predictifs qui integrent les effets des interactions interspecifiques et les mecanismes qui donnent lieu a ces inter- actions. La validation fructueuse de ces modeles necessite des techniques ameliorees de mesure et d'estimation des effets fonctionnels sur les processus bioenergetiques pour differentes compositions et abondances specifiques et conditions envi- ronnementales. L'information relative aux especes utilisee pour appuyer la modelisation predictive des brachyoures non indi- genes repose actuellement trop fortement sur (i )l 'estimation de la consommation individuelle et des taux de croissance en laboratoire et (ii )l 'integration des effets de facteurs abiotiques et biotiques a ces mesures. Des modeles predictifs robustes necessitent une experimentation repetitive qui contribue a la comprehension des interactions des especes (au-dela de la seule consommation) pour differentes densites, et qui tient compte de leurs effets a differentes echelles spatiales et temporelles. (Traduit par la Redaction)
Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from encapsulated embryos of Selinum tenuifolium

Summary This paper reports, for the first time, somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production in Selinum tenuifolium Wall. Mature leaf explants inoculated in Murishige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), containing 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.7% (w/v) agar, induced 67% callus. Maximum production of globular structures, their differentiation into embryos and germination, occurred with a combination of 2 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 2 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). To protect somatic embryos and produce synthetic seeds, gel capsules were standardised using a combination of sodium alginate and calcium nitrate concentrations. Gel capsules were most effective when formed with a combination of 3% (w/v) sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium nitrate for 30 min. The addition of MS medium to alginate capsules with 3% (w/v) sodium alginate, 3% (w/v) sucrose, 2 µM BA and 2 µM IBA significantly improved their germination rate to 77.8%, as well as their resulting shoot length (5.6 cm) and root length (7.2 cm), compared to controls (57.8%). Most plantlets (66%) survived under nursery condition. Storage at 4°C for different periods (10 d or 20 d) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the percentage survival and germination of somatic embryos and artificial seeds compared to controls or 5 d storage.
Aplicación de la teoría de opciones reales a la determinación del momento óptimo de cosecha forestal Applying the theory of real options to the optimal timing of timber harvests

We present here a real options approach as a tool for strategic decision-making in the forestry sector. We consider, in particular, an exotic option known as a knock-in barrier option. We use this approach to determine the optimal timing of harvests. The optimal time is determined by comparing at each period, the cash flow corresponding to each node (FF ij(t) ) in a binomial lattice with the expected value in the next year ( ). The traditional NPV indicates, in an hypothetical context analyzed in the paper, that the largest present value is obtained at the tenth year of standing. The real options approach championed here, instead, indicates that the highest value is at the eighteenth year of standing. 1 r t t
MARKING AND TISSUE SAMPLING EFFECTS ON BODY CONDITION AND SURVIVAL IN THE NEWT TRITURUS CRISTATUS

We investigated possible negative effects of tail-tip marking and tissue sampling on recapture rates, body condition, and size in a population of individually recognized crested newts (Triturus cristatus). Recapture rates of tail-clipped newts, which were also toe-clipped, did not differ from those of control, toe- clipped newts. Clipped tails had regrown within ca. 8 months of terrestrial life. Body condition, as indicated by mass/SVL index, fluctuated significantly over sampling periods and was higher for males than for fe- males. Newts caught the first time, possibly representing first-time breeders, were in better condition than repeat captures. Analysis of data from repeatedly caught individuals did not reveal consistent significant effects of tail clipping on body condition. Contrary to our expectations, tail clipped newts of both sexes tended to be larger than non-clipped controls. Due to the faster regrowth of tail-tips in newts, we would recommend tail-tip clipping when individuals are to be tissue sampled and toe-clipping for marking in population studies. Both methods might, however, handicap the breeding behavior of male newts to an unknown degree.