Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sex- and size-selective harvesting of corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops)—a cleaner fish used in salmonid aquaculture

Sexand size-selective harvesting of corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops)—a cleaner fish used in salmonid aquaculture Kim Tallaksen Halvorsen,* Tonje Knutsen Sørdalen, Leif Asbjørn Vøllestad, Anne Berit Skiftesvik, Sigurd Heiberg Espeland, and Esben Moland Olsen Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, PO Box 422, Kristiansand, 4604, Norway Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, 5392, Norway Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Syntheses (CEES), University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Oslo, Blindern, 0316, Norway Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Research Station, Nye Flødevigveien 20, His, 4817, Norway *Corresponding author: tel: þ47 40016601; fax: þ47 38141699; e-mail: kim.a. halvorsen@uia.no.
A new species of Heteraphorura Bagnall, 1948 (Collembola, Poduromorpha, Onychiuridae) from Apennine Mountains (Tuscany, Italy).

espanolSe describe una nueva especie de colembolo del genero Heteraphorura Bagnall, 1948 encontrado en los Montes Apeninos (Toscana, Italia). Heteraphorura steineri sp. nov. se caracteriza por su quetotaxia, con la seda m1 ausente en los terguitos abdominales I-III, y la distribucion de los pseudocelos dorsales (30/011/11023), que permiten diferenciarla de otras especies del genero. Se incluye una clave de identificacion de las especies euro-asiaticas de Heteraphorura. EnglishA new springtail species of the genus Heteraphorura Bagnall, 1948 from Apennine Mountains (Tuscany, Italy) is described. Heteraphorura steineri sp. nov. is characterized by its chaetotaxy, without chaeta m1 on abdominal terga I-III, and the distribution of dorsal (30/011/11023) pseudocelli that allow to distinguish it from the other congeneric species. A key of the Euro-asiatic species of Heteraphorura is provided.
Morphological and Behavioral Polymorphism in Poecilia Latipinna Males (Pisces: Poeciliidae).

Sailfin molly males, Poecilia latipinna, form three distinct classes: Sneaky males, Intermediate males, and High malesClass members can be defined by body size, color, fin size and position, and reproductive behavior. In 1975, Constantz described Sneaky males in Foeciliopsis occidentalis and, in 1936, Hubbs characterized High males in Poecilia. Intermediate males have not been described previously. In Poecilia latipinna Sneaky males are similar to females in color, size, and general body proportions. The dorsal fin originates behind the pelvic-fin origin and is no longer than that of females. High males have breeding colors of gold, blue, and black on the body and caudal and dorsal fins. They are large with a disproportionately enlarged dorsal fin that arises over the pectoral-fin origin and, when depressed, ex­ tends onto the caudal fin. Intermediate males form the most variable class. They lie between the other two classes in all measures. They have less color than High males but more than Sneaky males. Generally larger males have more color. The dorsal fin, which begins between the pectoral and pelvic fins, is slightly enlarged but does not reach the caudal fin when depressed. Eight morphometric and meristic characters account for 96 percent of the variability in each class.
The first Margaritiferidae male (M-type) mitogenome: mitochondrial gene order as a potential character for determining higher-order phylogeny within Unionida (Bivalvia)

This work was partially supported by the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund under project ‘Biodiversity and conservation of the critically endangered freshwater mussels in Morocco: ecogeographic, genetic and physiological information’ (Reference 15256799), by the IUCN SOS Save Our Species fund under project ‘Breeding the most endangered bivalve on Earth: Margaritifera marocana’ (Ref. 2015B-015) and by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under grants SFRH/BPD/70654/ 2010 (M.M.F.) and SFRH/BPD/108445/2015 (E.F.)
Deconvoluting Virome-Wide Antiviral Antibody Profiling Data

The ability to comprehensively characterize exposures and immune responses to viral infections will be critical to better understanding human health and disease. We previously described the VirScan system, a phage-display based technology for profiling antibody binding to a comprehensive library of peptides designed to represent the human virome. The previous VirScan analytical approach did not fully account for disproportionate representation of viruses in the library or for antibody cross-reactivity among sequences shared by related viruses. Here we present the ‘AntiViral Antibody Response Deconvolution Algorithm’ (‘AVARDA’), a multi-module software package for analyzing VirScan datasets. AVARDA provides a probabilistic assessment of infection at species-level resolution by considering alignment of all library peptides to each other and to all human viruses. We employed AVARDA to analyze VirScan data from a cohort of encephalitis patients with either known viral infections or undiagnosed etiologies. By comparing acute and convalescent sera, AVARDA successfully confirmed or detected antibody responses to human herpesviruses 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6, thereby improving the rate of diagnosing viral encephalitis in this cohort by 62.5%. We further assessed AVARDA’s utility in the setting of an epidemiological study, demonstrating its ability to determine infections acquired in a child followed prospectively from infancy. We consider ways in which AVARDA’s conceptual framework may be further developed in the future and describe how its analyses may be extended beyond investigations of viral infection. AVARDA, in combination with VirScan and other pan-pathogen serological techniques, is likely to find broad utility in the epidemiology and diagnosis of infectious diseases.
Genetic Diversity in Common Carp Stocks from a Natural Reservoir Assayed by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

Background The common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a freshwater fish that is cultured throughout the world. C. carpio belongs to the family Cyprinidae, the largest family among freshwater teleosts, accounting for 10 % of total fish production. Specifically, the common carp is cultured in more than 100 countries in worldwide and accounts for over 3 million metric tons of total annual freshwater fish production. The population of common carp (C. carpio) is declining in freshwater reservoirs because of various human activities, such as overfishing, pollution, hybridization with domestic carp, and loss of breeding grounds because of habitat degradation. Results In total, 30 specimens were collected from each of four different locations (WH1, WH2, WH3 and WH4) in the reservoir. Five random decamer primers were used to assay polymorphisms within and between the population of C. carpio. A total of 60 bands were produced by these primers, out of which 50 bands were polymorphic and 10 bands were monomorphic. The mean highest polymorphism (100 %) was observed in the specimen collected from WHS4 stock, followed by 89.05, 87.62 and 76.66 % of the fish collection from WH3, WH2, and WH4, respectively. Nei’s genetic distance values ranged from 0.0006 to 0.1005. Highest and lowest genetic distance were 0.1005 and 0.006 in fish collected from WH1 and WH2, respectively. Average value of heterozygosity ranged from 0.3008 to 0.3748. A C. carpio UPGMA dendrogram was constructed to observe fish phylogeny. Phylogenetic clusters by RAPD indicated that fish stock of WH2, WH3, and WH4 were closely related to each other. Conclusion It was concluded that RAPD analysis can be successfully used as a marker to generate information regarding the percent homology within stock of common carp, which may be used to trace the progeny to the parents and is helpful for the improvement of breeding programs.
Evidence of relictual introgression or incomplete lineage sorting in nrDNA of Juniperus excelsa and J. polycarpos in Asia Minor

DNA analysis of Juniperus excelsa from throughout its range revealed that J. polycarpos, instead of J. excelsa occupies central and eastern Turkey. Based on nrDNA (ITS) data, it appears that relictual hybridization has occurred in southeastern Turkey between J. polycarpos and J. turcomanica. Surprisingly, evidence of incomplete lineage sorting or relictual hybridization between J. polycarpos and J. seravschanica was found in central Turkey and northwest Iran. Published on-line www.phytologia. org Phytologia 98(2): 146-155 (April 4, 2016*). ISSN 030319430 *digitally correctedAdam Boratynski, and symbols added to Fig. 3, May, 10, 2016.
Studying mesoalgal structures: a non-destructive approach based on confocal laser scanning microscopy

Abstract Mesoalgae play a key role in shallow coastal ecosystems. Composed of small macroalgae, intermixed with filamentous cyanobacteria and colonial diatoms, these multi-specific, but minute (μm–cm) assemblages form complex three-dimensional structures, providing shelter for different unicellular (e.g. bacteria, diatoms, dinoflagellates) and multicellular (e.g. fishes, invertebrates) organisms. Characterized by a high colonization potential, these primary producers are observed to bloom and overgrow disturbed areas (e.g. damaged coral reefs, urchin barrens), and play a crucial role in terms of invasion and colonizing new habitats. Driven by anthropogenic environmental changes, mesoalgae are receiving considerable attention in current marine research. So far, most studies approach mesoalgae at the functional group level (e.g. turf algae, microphytobenthos), whereas only few studies tackle the importance of species-specific interactions, which play an important role in benthic ecology (e.g. coral-algal competition and disease spreading). To facilitate the study of not only the presence but also the composition and the structure of these habitat formers, we provide a new approach combining inexpensive fixation methodology with modern confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), to study minute macroalgal structures (e.g. germlings, reproductive structures), and investigate their relation to microphytobenthic components (e.g. diatom colonies). Detailed procedures for mounting, staining and imaging phytobenthic communities are provided.
Possible Negative Regulatory Effects of Antibiotic Production in a Hetrologous System by Sare_4854, a Novel Member of Streptomyces Antibiotic Regulatory Protein Family (SARP) from a Marine Microorganism Salinispora arenicolaCNH643 DSM 44819

Streptomyces antibiotic regulatory proteins (SARP) normally play positive regulatory roles during streptomyces antibiotic biosynthesis. sare_4854, a gene in Salinispora arenicola CNH643 DSM 44819 was proposed to encode a SARP. Here, sare_4854 was expressed in a heterologous system for functional characterization. However, the antibiotic production in the resultant strain was repressed significantly. Bioinfomatic analysis showed that Sare_4854 has an additional nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases (NTPase) domain at the C-terminus, besides a SARP-like domain (DBD: DNA binding domain and BTAD: bacterial transcriptional activation domain) at the N-terminus conserved in all SARPs. The possible mechanism of Sare_4854 in antibiotic synthesis in this abnormal phenomenon was discussed here.
Association between the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio, and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Rheumatoid Arthritis and their Correlations with the Disease Activity: A Meta-analysis

Received:October 12, 2017, Revised:March 11, 2018, Accepted:March 14, 2018 Corresponding to:Young Ho Lee, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-1909 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea. E-mail:lyhcgh@korea.ac. kr Copyright c 2018 by The Korean College of Rheumatology. All rights reserved. This is a Open Access article, which permits unrestricted non-commerical use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article pISSN: 2093-940X, eISSN: 2233-4718 Journal of Rheumatic Diseases Vol. 25, No. 3, July, 2018 https://doi.org/10.4078/jrd.2018. 25.3. 169
Effects of different forms of soybean lipids on enteric methane emission, performance and meat quality of feedlot Nellore

Abstract The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of different forms of soybean lipids on enteric methane emission, intake, performance, digestibility and meat quality of 40 young Nellore bulls (initial body weight (BW) 444 ± 10.2 kg and 24 ± 2.1 months). The dietary treatments were as follows: NF = no dietary additional fat (46.0 g ether extract (EE)/kg diet), SO = soybean oil (62.0 g EE/kg diet), SB = soy beans (without any processing; 62.0 g EE/kg diet) and RPF = rumen-protected fat based on soybean oil (62.0 g EE/kg diet). The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) was greater in the SO diet than those fed with NF. The SO diet decreased digestibility of NDF when compared with the NF and RPF diets. The diets did not affect digestibility of DM, OM, CP or emission of enteric methane. Animals fed with SO had greater average daily gain and feed efficiency in relation to the other diets tested. The SO diet increased hot and cold carcass weights and subcutaneous fat thickness of carcasses when compared with the NF diet. The proportions of saturated and unsaturated, mono and polyunsaturated, and n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were not affected significantly by treatments. The SO diets were demonstrated to be more beneficial for animal performance compared with diets without supplemental fat.
Habitat fragmentation alters predator satiation of acorns

Aims Acorn weevils (Curculio spp.), endoparasitic granivorous insects, impede recruitment of fagaceous trees, and in turn affect community structure and ecosystem functioning. Previous studies have made considerable progress in elucidating local factors that contribute to seed predation by acorn weevils, but it is still not clear how habitat configurations interplay with local factors in influencing Curculio predation. In this study, we assessed the roles of crop size, landscape configurations (area and isolation) and their interactions on the predation rate of seeds by acorn weevils. Methods We studied acorn weevils feeding on the seeds of Castanopsis sclerophylla (Fagaceae) on two peninsulas and nine islands with varying areas and isolation levels in the Thousand-island Lake in Chun’an County, Zhejiang Province of China. Overall, crop size was estimated for 130 trees and predation status was assessed for 26 207 seeds from these trees during two years. Generalized linear mixed models were performed to clarify how island area and isolation interplayed with crop size to determine predation rate on a single tree. Important Findings A negative relationship was detected between crop size and seed predation rate, indicating predator satiation at the tree level. This suggests that acorn weevils tend to stay sedentary once they have arrived at a suitable habitat. Habitat fragmentation had significant effects on seed predation such that predation rate was higher on larger, less isolated islands. Furthermore, the relationship between crop size and predation rate was significantly changed by both island area and isolation. This finding highlighted that the effects of habitat isolation might be overlooked relative to those of habitat loss.
Extra pair copulation in the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber)

In mammalian species, primarily in rodents, primates and canids, social monogamy is found in only 3-5% species and genetic monogamy appears to be rare. There is compelling evidence that the beavers (genus Castor) are a monogamous species. In this study we examined the genetic mating system of social monogamous Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) and tested for extra-pair copulation (EPC) in a free-ranging population in Norway. In this region beavers have been captured and monitored since 1998. We used 30 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) to test for EPC in 100 beavers (44 offspring and 56 dominant individual of beavers in 10 family groups). For all the 100 samples all putative parents were known. Of the 30 SNPs used in this study we got reliable results for 27. We did not find any evidence for EPC in this population. Based on the genetic data it appears that the Eurasian beaver is a strict genetically monogamous species. These results are in concordance with the observational data. This is the first genetic study on EPC in Eurasian beavers by using SNPs.
Serotyping and antimicrobial resistance of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157 isolated from children under five years of age with diarrhea in rural Burkina Faso

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is one of the main causes of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated the prevalence, serotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) among diarrheal children in rural Burkina Faso. Stool specimens were collected from 280 children under 5 years of age visiting hospital due to acute diarrhea between July 2009 and June 2010. E. coli isolates were subjected to serotyping and their susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial agents was determined by the disc diffusion method. Sixty patients (21.4%) had DEC of which 54 strains (19.3%) belonged to EPEC O serogroups and six (2.1%) to EHEC O157 serotype. A higher rate of EPEC (91.6%) was found in patients aged less than 2 years. More than 70% of E. coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 28.3% to nalidixic acid. Twenty three (38.3%) of the isolated E. coli were ESBL producers with higher prevalence (56.5%) in children under 12 months of age. This study stresses the public health importance of diarrheal E. coli with serotypes of EPEC and EHEC O157 and their resistance to antibiotics in Burkina Faso. Key words: Escherichia coli serotypes, antibiotics resistance, diarrheal children, Burkina Faso.
A New Riverine Ricefish of the Genus Oryzias (Beloniformes, Adrianichthyidae) from Malili, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

We describe Oryzias dopingdopingensis, a new species of ricefish, from Doping-doping River, a river in Malili in central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The new riverine species is distinguished from lacustrine congeners in Malili Lakes by a combination of 33–36 scales along the lateral midline and body depths of 20.3–25.5% standard length (SL). Oryzias dopingdopingensis, new species, is also distinguished from all other Sulawesi Oryzias by a combination of 8–9 dorsal-fin rays, caudal peduncle depths of 10.2–11.4% SL, eye diameters of 8.5–9.9% SL, and maximum SL up to 35.8 mm. In breeding males, 5–8 black blotches or bars appear along the lateral midline. Analyses of mitochondrial ND2 sequences revealed that O. dopingdopingensis, new species, carry distinct haplotypes from those of the Malili lacustrine species, suggesting no hybridization between them, although Doping-doping River shares an estuarine region with the Malili Lake system. Instead, O. dopingdopingensis, new species, is in a monophyletic group with O. sarasinorum and O. eversi in western Sulawesi. However, unlike these two pelvic brooders, we observed that females of O. dopingdopingensis, new species, deposit eggs soon after spawning and exhibit no maternal care.
Nemo-like kinase regulates Progranulin levels in the brain through the microglial endocytosis-lysosomal pathway

Genetic variants in Granulin (GRN), which encodes the secreted glycoprotein Progranulin (PGRN), are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases including frontotemporal lobar degeneration, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. These genetic alterations manifest in pathological changes due to a reduction of PGRN expression; therefore, identifying a factor that can modulate PGRN levels in vivo would enhance our understanding of PGRN in neurodegeneration, and could reveal novel potential therapeutic targets. Here, we report that Nemo-like kinase (Nlk) regulates Pgrn levels and its associated neuropathophysiology. Genetic interaction studies in mice show that Grn heterozygote mice on an Nlk heterozygote background display pathological and behavioral phenotypes which mimic Grn knockout mice. Furthermore, biochemical and cell biological studies suggest that Nlk reduction promotes Pgrn degradation via the endocytosis-lysosomal pathway, specifically in microglia. Our results reveal a new mechanism for the regulation of Pgrn in the brain and provide insight into the pathophysiology of PGRN-associated diseases.
Bioconversion of sorghum and cowpea by black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) larvae for alternative protein production

The larvae and prepupae of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) have been explored as a means for alternate protein production for feed for animals that are raised for human food. However, processes for production of these and other insects must be refined if cultivation is to become widespread and efficient. In this study, black soldier fly larvae were fed one of six diets, consisting of the Gainesville house fly diet (control), and five diets of varying ratios of sorghum and cowpea. Effects on life-history traits and nutritional content of prepupae were observed. Flies were able to successfully complete larval development on all diets tested. There were significant differences in development rates based on diet, particularly the diets containing a higher percentage of sorghum. In general, larvae reared on the sorghum diets (which were lower in protein than that of the cowpea diets), developed slower (3-9 days longer from larval eclosion to the prepupal stage) than those.
Maize diseases: A guide for field identification.

Intended for field use by agricultural technicians and maize farmers, this pocket-size manual carries descriptions and color photographs for more than 50 fungal, bacterial, viral, and mollicute diseases that affect the maize crop worldwide, with basic information on pathogens and symptoms. A diagnostic key facilitates quick identification of diseases and their effects. In this fourth edition, nomenclature has been updated, new diseases and information added, and improved photographs included. ISBN: 970-648-109-5 AGROVOC descriptors: Plant diseases; Zea mays; Bacterial diseases; Viruses; Fungi disease; Mildews; Leaf area; Fusarium; Smuts; Rots; Penicillium; Charcoal; Nigrospora; Cephalosporium; Kernels; Botryodiplodia; Dwarfism; Necrosis AGRIS category codes: H20 Plant Diseases; F01 Crop Husbandry Dewey decimal classification: 633.15
Gamma-ray mutagenesis on grapevine rootstocks cultivated in vitro (1)

The efficiency of γ-irradiation as a tool for breeding grapevine rootstocks was investigated. One-bud cuttings from vitroplants of two varieties (Fercal and Gravesac) were subjected to gamma rays from Cs137 source at rates from 10 to 60 Grays (Gy) at intervals of 10. All the parameters observed were affected at 20 Gy and upwards. Varietal susceptibility to irradiation was different since the maximum withstanding dose was 40 Gy for Gravesac and only 30 for Fercal. Besides, shoot development was more lowered than root development. The results showed that an increase of the irradiation dose decreased the rate of survival, the rhizogenesis and the growth of in vitro plants. On the V2 vegetative generation ofGravesac vitroplants changes in size, in leafform, in plant habits, in growth and chlorophyll deficient mutations were recorded. Moreover, after a 30 Gy irradiation variations of growth, dry weight, leaf area, number of stomata and photosynthesis rates were shown on the V3 generation. Accordingly this irradiation method is efficient to develop an in vitro variability. A sample of the surviving plants was established in the greenhouse for further screening. (1) Communication faite au 6'®me Symposium International sur l'Amelioration de la Vigne, a Yalta (Crimee), Ukraine, du 4 au 10 septembre 1994