Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring knowledge sharing in virtual communities

Purpose – Knowledge sharing has played an important role in the proliferation of virtual communities. However little research has provided an integrated view of knowledge sharing for a general-purpose (non-professional) virtual community. This study aims to suggest that four driving forces, i.e. utilitarian motivation, hedonic motivation, control belief (self-efficacy) and contextual force (sharing culture), motivate users' attitudes toward knowledge sharing. Design/methodology/approach – The research participants are knowledge contributors who participate in general-purpose virtual communities. A total of 473 valid questionnaires were collected. Structural equation modelling was used to test the research hypothesis. Findings – The results show that users' attitude toward knowledge is determined by all four key forces: utilitarian motivation (reciprocity, reputation), hedonic motivation (enjoying helping), control belief (self-efficacy) and contextual force (sharing culture). Users' attitude, self-efficac.
Weighted Vests' Effect on Social Attention for Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Background. There is limited research validating the use of weighted vests for problem behaviours/social attention in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) although vests are commonly used in early intervention to improve attention. Purpose. The effect of weighted vests on competing behaviours and joint attention (a pivotal skill for development and a core deficit for toddlers with ASD) in semi-structured play with their mothers was investigated. Methods. A multiple baseline design that included generalization probes to provide evidence of treatment effects across adult female play partners. Unambiguous definitions were created for competing behaviours and joint attention resulting in good inter-observer reliability. Mothers' morale was measured pre- and post-intervention. Findings. There were no replicated effects of vests on competing behaviours or joint attention. Mothers experienced increased morale in spite of null effects of the intervention. Implications. The findings suggest needed re-evaluation of the use of weighted vests with toddlers.
Fuel economy optimization of hybrid electric vehicles

Fuel economy optimization of hybrid vehicles is essentially solving the optimal energy management mode and shift schedule under specified system constraints so as to realize the optimal control of hybrid vehicles. However, the global optimal dynamic programming control strategy cannot use in the real-time control since the uncertainty of the driving environment, an optimization control strategy which can be used in the practice is proposed in this paper. Under knowing the running state information of the car on a predicted future time domain provided by the vehicles navigation system (GPS/GIS), this paper solve the optimal shift schedule and energy management mode which minimize the equivalent fuel consumption of the forecast time domain with the dynamic programming algorithm(DP), and then under the framework of model predictive control to realize the rolling optimization. Finally, the energy management mode and shift schedule of hybrid electric vehicles have been verified by the simulation, and the simulation results show the effectiveness of the optimization control strategy of the hybrid electric vehicles.
Analysis of human adrenal vein blood and adrenal glands for steroidal substances.

IN 1950, Reich, Nelson and Zaffaroni (1) reported the presence of Kendall's compound F (17-hydroxycorticosterone) in the adrenal vein blood of dogs stimulated with ACTH. Two years later, Zaffaroni and Burton (2) described quantitative estimation of both compounds F and B in the adrenal vein blood of dogs. The concentration of compound F was always greater than that of compound B. A species difference in adrenocortical secretions was observed by Bush (3), who found the ratio of compound F to compound B to be from less than 0.05 in the rat to greater than 20 in the rhesus monkey. Sweat et at. (4) examined the effluent blood from an adrenal gland of a patient with carcinoma of the breast and of a patient with Cushing's syndrome. The effluent adrenal blood from the former contained 290 μg. of compound F and 80 μg. of compound B per 100 ml. , whereas the effluent from the latter contained 850 μg. of F and 236 μg. of B per 100 ml. The ratio of F to B in either case was approximately 3.6. More recently, Romanoff,.
Exploring Government Uses of Social Media through Twitter Sentiment Analysis

: As social media becomes an important platform for organizations to use to interact with users, the ability to understand user opinions in social media communications has gained increased attention. One of the most popular approaches for exploring user opinions is sentiment analysis, which employs natural language processing, statistics, or machine learning to extract the sentiment of a text unit in terms of positive or negative attitudes. However, the effectiveness, interpretation, and accuracy of sentiment analysis rely heavily on the context in which it is conducted. In this paper, we investigate three sentiment analysis techniques for Twitter use by governments with their citizens, including a lexicon-based approach, a machine learning-based approach, and a hybrid approach. Our results reveal that, while each technique is developed based upon different rationales, the results are statistically robust and comparable. The study provides new insights into sentiment analysis in the context of government uses of social media.
Transmissible disease and blood transfusion.

No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading transmissible disease and blood transfusion is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.
An Overview of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis

The advent of “omic” studies has provided a high-throughput screening to quantify the changes in biological system. These studies include, but not limit to, genomics for gene expression profiling, proteomics for protein level quantification, and metabolomics for measuring metabolites abundance. In genomewide expression studies, the predominant technologies are DNA microarray and RNA Sequencing to monitor changes in expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. Similarly, liquid chromatography or gas chromatography followed by mass spectrometry (LC-MS or GS-MS) allow a large scale identification and quantification of proteins and metabolites in different biological systems. These omics approaches often generate a large list of candidates, ranging from hundreds to thousands of genes, proteins, or metabolites. Consequently, mining through this large list of “interesting” candidates becomes a daunting task. As Subramanian et al. [2005] stated that the challenge no longer lies in obtaining molecular profiles, but rather in interpreting the results to gain insights into biological mechanism.
Inactivation of Orientia tsutsugamushi in red blood cells, plasma, and platelets with riboflavin and light, as demonstrated in an animal model

BACKGROUND: Treatment of blood products with riboflavin and light has been used to reduce the number of certain pathogens. Orientia (formerly Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi, the scrub typhus agent, is an obligate intracellular bacterium that grows free in the cytoplasm of infected cells. This study evaluated the capability of riboflavin and light to inactivate O. tsutsugamushi in red blood cells (RBCs), platelets (PLTs), and plasma, as measured by mouse infectivity.
On the rms bandwidth of nonlinearly envelope detected narrow-band Gaussian noise

This paper determines the relationship between the rms bandwidth of the envelope of a narrow-band Gaussian process and the rms bandwidth of the process itself for a general nonlinear (no-memory) envelope detector. The interesting result is shown that the output rms bandwidth depends only on the input rms bandwidth and the nonlinear device and not on the shape of the input spectrum. As an illustrative example, it is shown that the rms bandwidth of the output of a \nu th-law envelope detector is \sqrt{\nu/2} times the rms bandwidth of the input process. Some attention is given to the determination of higher moments of the output spectrum in terms of moments of the input spectrum.
Proposed Techniques to Remove Flaming Problems from Social Networking Sites and outcome of Naïve Bayes Classifier for Detection of Flames

Natural Language Processing (NLP)[1][2][5] is a field of Computer Science concerned with the interactions between Computer and Human (Natural) Languages. Social Networking Sites are amongst the most effective communication tools now a days. But it also gave rise to the problem of flaming which is difficult to deal with. A flaming incident is triggered by comments and actions of users in SNS that ends up damaging reputation or causing negative impact on the target party. So in this paper, in order to prevent such damage, Semi-Supervised Learning[1] Approach is presented. It includes a proposed architecture that involves Naïve Bayes Classifier, Maximum Entropy Classifier and Feature Selection based on Entropy method. This paper also includes application and result of Naïve Bayes Classifier, trained so as to detect the class of the input comments as whether it belong to positive, negative or neutral class. Sentiment Analysis[1] Dataset containing tweets and there polarity class(positive, negative or neutral) has been used. A training set of 17282 tweets has been used to train Naïve Bayes Classifier which was able to correctly classify 70% of the test set of 4332 tweets.
Bridging Critical Nerve Defects through an Acellular Homograft Seeded with Autologous Schwann Cells Obtained from a Regeneration Neuroma of the Proximal Stump

Over the last decade, several models have investigated the usefulness of different biologic and/or synthetic matrices as alternatives to conventional nerve grafts. Still, axonal regeneration did not occur over longer (> 3 cm) distances. One problem may be that a growth-promoting environment not only includes physical cues but also a rich spectrum of different growth factors only provided by reactive Schwann cells. In the current study, we investigated whether a hybrid graft consisting of first-generation autologous Schwann cells seeded onto an acellular auto- or homograft can aid regeneration across a critical nerve defect in a rat model. In this paradigm, Schwann cells were not expanded in vitro but harvested from the proximal stump neuroma at the time of reconstruction and seeded into either an acellular homo- or autograft. Regeneration was then quantitated with functional muscle testing, regular histology, histomorphometry, and retrograde tracing techniques 12 weeks after reconstruction. Results showed successful regeneration over the entire distance regardless of whether Schwann cells were transplanted onto auto- or homologous acellular matrix. Schwann cells did populate both grafts; however, only sensory axons persisted through the entire distance. The functional outcome was dismal with no motor and poor sensory recovery. Control group C with homologous matrix only without Schwann cells showed no signs of directed axonal regeneration. Control group D with autologous reverse graft showed excellent recovery, as was expected. The present experiment sought to create a hybrid graft where the proximal stump neuroma is used as a biological resource for autologous Schwann cells that are seeded unto an acellular matrix, thus providing both physical and chemical support to regenerating axons. The results are encouraging in that successful regeneration was observed over the entire distance; however, only sensory axons had enough regenerative potential to also make end-organ contact. For motor axons, further refinements in conduit preparation have to be done.
Complete Genome Sequences of Three Propionibacterium acnes Isolates from the Type IA2 Cluster

ABSTRACT Propionibacterium acnes is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium that has been linked to a wide range of opportunistic human infections and conditions, most notably acne vulgaris (I. Kurokawa et al., Exp. Dermatol. 18:821–832, 2009). We now present the whole-genome sequences of three P. acnes strains from the type IA2 cluster which were recovered from ophthalmic infections (A. McDowell et al., Microbiology 157:1990–2003, 2011).
Texton Noise

Designing realistic noise patterns from scratch is hard. To solve this problem, recent contributions have proposed involved spectral analysis algorithms that enable procedural noise models to faithfully reproduce some class of textures. The aim of this paper is to propose the simplest and most efficient noise model that allows for the reproduction of any Gaussian texture. Texton noise is a simple sparse convolution noise that sums randomly scattered copies of a small bilinear texture called texton. We introduce an automatic algorithm to compute the texton associated with an input texture image that concentrates the input frequency content into the desired texton support. One of the main features of texton noise is that its evaluation only consists to sum 30 texture fetches on average. Consequently, texton noise generates Gaussian textures with an unprecedented evaluation speed for noise by example. A second main feature of texton noise is that it allows for high‐quality on‐the‐fly anisotropic filtering by simply invoking existing GPU hardware solutions for texture fetches. In addition, we demonstrate that texton noise can be applied on any surface using parameterization‐free surface noise and that it allows for noise mixing.
Parametrization of radiative-recombination cross sections.

Using exact analytical expressions of the non relativistic dipole recombination cross sections for a pure Coulomb potential summed over the quantum numbers j and l, we numerically compute the recombination cross sections in the various n states for 1≤n≤500 and the total cross section for all possible values of the incoming electron energy. We present a parametrization of the recombination cross sections in the various n states, of the total cross section, and of the energy emission cross section
Bayesian environment representation, prediction, and criticality assessment for driver assistance systems

Abstract The dissertation approaches the questions i) how to represent the driving environment in an environment model, ii) how to obtain such a representation, and iii) how to predict the traffic scene for criticality assessment. Bayesian inference provides the common framework of all designed methods. First, Parametric Free Space (PFS) maps are introduced, which compactly represent the vehicle environment in form of relevant, drivable free space. They are obtained by a novel method for grid mapping and tracking in dynamic environments. In addition, a maneuver-based, long-term trajectory prediction and criticality assessment system is introduced and the application of all methods within the advanced driver assistance system PRORETA 3 is described.
Expression of Heterologous Promoters in Lutzomyia longipalpis and Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) Cell Lines

Abstract To establish a transient expression system for genes introduced into sand fly cell lines, we tested the expression of the luciferase reporter gene under control of different promoters. Towards this end, we lipofected cell lines obtained from New and Old World sand flies, LL-5 from Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva and PP-9 from Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli, respectively. The relative levels of luciferase expression were studied under control of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), human cytomegalovirus, simian virus 40 or Junonia coenia (Hübner) densovirus (P9) promoters. The Drosophila heat shock protein 70 promoter, originating from insect genes, functioned as a strong promoter in both cell lines. Promoters from the different virus genes also were capable of driving transgene expression in both cell lines.
Imaging 3D cell culture systems using an optical resolution photoacoustic microscope

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) provides high sensitivity and resolution to optical absorption and opens a new window to study biological systems at the cellular level. Cancer cells propagated in vitro partially retain the characteristics of cancer, such as immortality and resistance to apoptosis. For 3D cell imaging, the most widely used imaging modalities, the laser scanning optical microscopies (e.g., confocal and multi-photon microscopy) have limited tissue penetration, and they usually require the use of a fluorescent chromophore as the probe as well. PAM system has deeper penetration, and it does not need depth scanning. In other words, 2D scanning can generate 3D photoacoustic (PA) images. In this paper, a combined laser-scanning OR-PAM with optical microscope (OM) system has been setup in the transmission mode. The proposed OR-PAM system has achieved a lateral resolution of 0.59 μm at cellular level with a penetration depth of 0.60 mm, so it has the ability of do cell imaging and other sub-micron cellular experiments. In our study, B16-F10 murine melanoma cells were measured at different layers in 3D cell culture system mode. Two-dimensional optical or mechanical scanning of the object platform, in combination with optical/ultrasonic detection, can provide volumetric optical and 2D/3D PA images. From proof-of-principle experiments, 2D scanning generated 3D PA images and the distribution of cells at different layers agreed closely to the optical image of their localizations. Thus, the OR-PAM system demonstrated great potential in cell imaging.
Isolation and genome sequence analysis of a bacterium degrading dexamethasone

In this study, we reported the genome sequence of Burkholderia sp.CQ001, a Dexamethasone (DXM) degrading bacterium isolated from hospital wastewater and identified by morphological analysis, staining and 16S rRNA sequencing. The degradation rates of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and dexamethasone were 84.8% and 77.11% respectively. And degradation peak appeared at 24 h during agitation culture at 37°C in medium with an initial pH value of 7.5. Genome sequencing was performed using Illumina Hiseq4000 high-throughput sequencing platform. Genome sequencing results demonstrated that the bacteria had a total genome size of 7570308 bp, 66.9% G+C content. Metabolic related genes account for 80.3%. Metabolism-associated genes covered 116 metabolic pathways, including metabolic pathways of microorganisms in different environments and decomposition pathways of secondary metabolites. One of the eight key genes annotated to the metabolic pathway of steroid compounds. This is the first report on Burkholderia sp.CQ001 showing characteristics of degrading dexamethasone. Our findings may provide insights on dexamethasone degradation mechanisms, and facilitate the establishment of bioremediation engineered bacteria to eliminate the dexamethasone pollution.
FracFit: A robust parameter estimation tool for fractional calculus models

Anomalous transport cannot be adequately described with classical Fickian advection‐dispersion equations (ADE) with constant coefficients. Rather, fractional calculus models may be used, which capture salient features of anomalous transport (e.g., skewness and power law tails). FracFit is a parameter estimation tool based on space‐fractional and time‐fractional models used by the hydrology community. Currently, four fractional models are supported: (1) space‐fractional advection‐dispersion equation (sFADE), (2) time‐fractional dispersion equation with drift (TFDE), (3) fractional mobile‐immobile (FMIM) equation, and (4) temporally tempered Lévy motion (TTLM). Model solutions using pulse initial conditions and continuous injections are evaluated using stable distributions or subordination integrals. Parameter estimates are extracted from measured breakthrough curves (BTCs) using a weighted nonlinear least squares (WNLS) algorithm. Optimal weights for BTCs for pulse initial conditions and continuous injections are presented. Two sample applications are analyzed: (1) pulse injection BTCs in the Selke River and (2) continuous injection laboratory experiments using natural organic matter. Model parameters are compared across models and goodness‐of‐fit metrics are presented, facilitating model evaluation.
Quantification of postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in healthy men by retinyl ester labeling and simultaneous measurement of apolipoproteins B-48 and B-100.

The metabolism of chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and their remnants in the postprandial state was studied in normolipidemic healthy men by measuring apoB-48 and apoB-100 and retinyl palmitate (RP) in fractions of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins after a mixed meal type of oral fat load supplemented with vitamin A. ApoB-48 was present at low concentrations in the fasting plasma samples in most subjects and increased in response to the test meal in Svedberg's flotation rate (Sf) > 20 lipoprotein fractions. Concomitantly, the level of Sf 60 to 400 apoB-100 (large VLDL) had doubled at 3 hours and returned to baseline at 9 hours. The number of apoB-48-containing lipoprotein particles did not exceed 20% of the total number of apoB-containing lipoproteins contained in Sf 12 to 400 fractions at any time point after fat intake. The peak plasma level of RP was delayed compared with the peak plasma concentration of apoB-48, suggesting that retinyl ester labeling of chylomicrons is questionable as a means of quantifying postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of intestinal origin. Approximately 2000 and 4000 RP molecules were carried in each chylomicron particle in the 3- and 6-hour samples, respectively, in contrast to the remnant fractions in which 100 to 600 RP molecules were found for each lipoprotein particle. The limited RP exchange between lipoprotein particles indicates that the smaller intestinal lipoproteins do not originate primarily from larger Sf > 400 chylomicron particles but instead are secreted directly into the Sf 20 to 400 fraction and subsequently converted to smaller chylomicron remnants. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject ordered pointing task performance following severe traumatic brain injury in adults

The utility of a non-verbal, untimed subject ordered pointing task for identifying memory deficit in adult patients with TBI was tested. Using a cross-sectional design, the working memory performance of 70 adults with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 45 uninjured adults was investigated on a computerized, self-paced, non-verbal subject ordered pointing task. Persons with severe TBI were impaired on measures of working memory relative to the control subjects. In addition, the task appeared to be sensitive to severity of injury as measured by the Glasgow Coma Scale, even within a truncated range of severity (GCS scores 3–8). It was concluded that the subject ordered pointing task is useful in identifying memory deficits in persons with brain injury.
Rotational invariance of trellis codes. Part I. Encoders and precoders

We present a theoretical framework for rotational invariance of trellis codes. The distinction between codes and encoders plays a pivotal role. Necessary and sufficient conditions for rotational invariance are derived under general assumptions, and a construction is presented that obtains a rotationally invariant encoder for almost any rotationally invariant code, independent of the code's algebraic structure. Encoders that use a differential precoder are considered as a separate case, where a system-theoretic characterization of precoding is used to find two alternative and slightly less general encoder constructions.