Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Housing and Subjective Class Identification in Urban China

Abstract Housing has become a major dimension of socioeconomic inequality in contemporary China. This study investigates the effects of homeownership and housing wealth on people’s subjective class identification in urban China. Using the data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2010 to 2016, we estimate fixed-effects models and show that growth in housing wealth improves people’s perceived social status, and the improvement is greater in more economically developed areas with higher real estate prices and greater housing inequality. Owning a home enhances subjective social class only in eastern coastal regions but not in inland regions. These findings suggest that as homeownership expands and becomes universal in a society, the psychological benefits of homeownership may diminish, but the subjective impact of housing wealth would increase. The study contributes to the literature on the social consequences of housing in a transitional society that is experiencing rapid housing privatization and increased housing stratification.
A closer look at accounting for Islamic financial institutions

This paper provides a discussion of a study that examines accounting in Islamic perspectives. The discussion includes an overview of the development of Islamic finance, accounting in Islamic perspectives, and four key accounting assumptions, namely ‘substance over form’, ‘time value of money’, ‘fair value’ measurement and ‘recognition based on probability’, which serve as important guides to preparers of financial information.
Occurrence of bromine in fluidised bed combustion of solid recovered fuel: Dissertation

Corrosive ash species ar e the single most important factor limiting the electric efficiency of steam boiler plants fired with waste or biomass. Chlorine has been found to have a central role in the chemistry involved as it re duces the melting temperature o f ash, forms corrosive vapour and gas species in t he fu rnace a nd halogenated deposits on boiler heat transfer surfaces. In this context chlorine has been extensively researched. At the time of writing this thesis there was hardly any published data available on the occurrence of bromine (Br) in the aforementioned context. The objective of this work was to review the occurrence of b romine in solid fuels and characterise the behaviour of bromine in full-scale fluidised bed combustion. The central questions in the context of ash chem istry were: In which fuels bromine can be found and in which form, what is the speciation of bromine in the furnace and fly ash, what role bromine may have (if any), and finally, which are the practical implications? The review on the occurrence of brom ine in solid fuels r evealed that i n anthropogenic w astes br omine is mainly fo und in connection to f lame re tarded substances. Several weight percentages of br omine can be found in p lastics treated wi th bromin ated flame r etardants (BFRs). Bromine is typically f ound some 100–200 mg kg in mix ed municipal solid wastes (MSW). Bromine m ay be enriched in f uels with high shar e of plast ics, such as solid r ecovered fue l (SRF) or refuse derived fuel (RDF). Up to 2000 mg kg was found as a monthly average in S RF, typical l evels being 20–200 mg kg. Wastewater sludge from paper mills may contain bromine 20–100 mg kg due the use of bromine based biocides. In other fuels bromine may be found in s ignificant amounts in marine influenced coal deposits and peat as well as in biomass treated with brominated pesticides. In the experimental part SRF, spruce bark and wastewater sludge from a paper mill were co-fired in a fu ll-scale bubbling fluidised bed (BFB) b oiler, and the
JCB_201412085 1..16

The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Cell Biol. Vol. 208 No. 7 881–896 www.jcb. org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.201412085 JCB 881 Correspondence to Gordon K.T. Chan: gkc@ualberta.ca J.K. Famulski’s present address is Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506. Abbreviations used in this study: ACA, anticentromere antibody; CENP, centromere protein; FTI, farnesyl transferase inhibitor; KT, kinetochore; PEI, polyethylenimine; WT, wild type. Introduction
Research Note—Measuring Ethnic Residential Segregation: Putting Some More Geography In

Most studies of urban ethnic residential patterns rely on various single-number indices to demonstrate the degree of spatial segregation. These have been criticized on a variety of grounds, and various other approaches have been proposed, including the use of measures of statistical autocorrelation and typologies of areas based on their population composition. These alternatives provide a greater geographical appreciation of segregation than the indices. It is argued here—using Auckland, New Zealand as a case study—that their integration could substantially increase our evaluation of segregation levels.
Global Analysis of Microbial Translation Initiation Regions

The availability of genomic sequences from multiple bacteria has allowed global comparisons of patterns. Here we present a graphical comparison of normalized base frequencies in the vicinity of translation starts for both eubacteria and archae. The results show that most eubacterial Open Reading Frames (ORFs) are preceded by a distinctly recognizable Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence pattern. However, some eubacteria deviate from this arrangement and have diminished SD patterns or completely lack this sequence. On the other hand, some archae seem to use both SD sequences and leaderless transcripts in their translation initiation process. This is dependent on the position of a gene within an operon. Most archae seem to have other regular sequences located upstream from the typical SD location. Both eubacteria and archae have a surprising repetitive pattern seen within the averaged ORFs. The eubacterial and archaeal averaged patterns are slightly different from each other, and individual organisms within each domain vary from the averages. Nevertheless, the existence of such a periodicity within ORFs may allow the development of new techniques to identify actual genes from ORFs.
Freezing phase scheme for fast adaptive control and its application to characterization of femtosecond coherent optical pulses reflected from semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors

We report on the development of a freezing phase scheme for complete-field characterization and adaptive coherent control with a femtosecond pulse shaper. The operational principle is based on a concept that the highest peak intensity will correspond to a frozen phase state of all spectral components involved in a coherent optical pulse. Our experimental and theoretical results reveal this new scheme to be fast and immune to the noise and laser power fluctuation. The freezing phase method has been used to investigate three types of semiconductor saturable absorber Bragg reflector (SBR). The optical pulses reflected from the SBR can be distorted in the spectral phase by a minor structural change of the SBR devices and can be clearly resolved with our method. The technique is useful for a variety of applications that require complete-field characterization and adaptive coherent control on the same setup.
Momentum Effect: Evidence from the Vietnamese Stock Market ∗

This paper focuses on the profitability of momentum strategies in the Vietnamese stock market. The results assert that momentum occurs within small- and large- sized stock subsamples in the period prior to the Lehmann shock and does not exist in the remaining subsamples. Further tests point out that the occurrence of momentum follows market gains and is consistent with the overreaction hypothesis. The phenomenon is likely to be explained by the low individualism in the Vietnamese culture. Evidence on high volatility, low persistence and high correlation of stock returns is also found from the study.
Modeling Comovement among Emerging Stock Markets: The Case of Budapest and Istanbul

A double world index model is proposed as an ideal way of characterizing the comovement among emerging stock markets, and applied to Budapest-Istanbul as an interesting case. An exclusive increase in the correlation between Budapest and Istanbul during the recent crisis period is documented. To decompose this correlation into information dynamics, a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model is employed which controls for global indices that enter the system exogenously. Istanbul and Budapest contain incremental information for each other after controlling for global factors, in particular during and after the recent global crisis. Impulse response results suggest significant lagged responses, which imply predictability. Istanbul appears to respond to global information faster.
Extended Criterion for Absence of Fixed Points

One of the criteria for substitutions used in block ciphers is the absence of fixed points. In this paper we show that this criterion must be extended taking into consideration a mixing key function. In practice, we give a description of AES when fixed points are reached. Additionally, it is shown that modulo addition has more advantages then XOR operation.
A geographic test of species selection using planktonic foraminifera during the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction

Abstract Species selection has received a great deal of theoretical attention but it has rarely been empirically tested. It is important to determine the level of selection that operated during a particular extinction event because it can help distinguish between traits that were actually responsible for extinction and those that were merely correlated with it. Here, we present a test that can help distinguish between organismal and species-level selection, which we demonstrate using the high-resolution fossil record of planktonic foraminifera species recorded in deep-sea sediment cores. Our test examines the fate of survivors and victims during the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction within single geographic regions, where all individuals experience the same selection pressures. Selection at the organismal level implies that individual members of surviving species are more fit than those of victimized species, and therefore should be more likely to survive in affected areas; conversely, selection at the species level implies individuals will suffer equally within an affected area. We find that survivors of the mass extinction suffered very high extirpation rates in cores where the overall extinction rate was high, indicating that individual members of the surviving species were generally no more fit than individual members of extinct species. Rather, these species were able to survive because they possessed advantageous species-level traits, such as larger geographic ranges and greater abundances than victimized species. This geographic pattern of extirpation suggests that selection operated at the species, rather than organismal, level during the K/Pg mass extinction of planktonic foraminifera.
Genetic and morphological variability of the endangered Syngonanthus mucugensis Giul. (Eriocaulaceae) from the Chapada Diamantina, Brazil: implications for conservation and taxonomy

Allozymic and morphometric studies were carried out on ten populations of Syngonanthus mucugensis (Eriocaul- aceae), a species from north-eastern Brazil threatened by extinction. Genetic and morphological variability was low or moderately low in all populations, being lower in populations from Rio de Contas/Catoles ( P L = 14.3-21.4, A = 1.1- 1.2, H e = 0.026-0.059, D2M = 26.893-33.157) than in those from Mucuge ( P L = 28.6-35.7, A = 1.3-1.5, H e = 0.078- 0.164, D2M = 28.999-45.077). A high coefficient of endogamy ( F is = 0.257) was found, which can be explained by the reproductive characteristics and distribution of the species. The values for genetic and morphological structuring ( F st = 0.512 and A MRPP = 0.175, respectively) were high as a result of the differentiation between populations from the two areas. The mean genetic identity between populations from the two areas (0.812) was much lower than between populations from the same area (Mucuge, 0.980; Rio de Contas/Catoles, 0.997). These results indicate that we are dealing with two distinct taxa and, as a result of the nature of the morphological differences found, a new subspecies is described for the populations of the region of Rio de Contas and Catoles, Syngonanthus mucugensis ssp. riocontensis . Such conclusions raise important implications for the conservation of Syngonanthus mucugensis , and will be used in the drawing up of management plans for its conservation. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 153 , 401-416.
The size and development of the shadow economy in Bangladesh: an empirical investigation

The paper estimates the size of the shadow economy in Bangladesh by applying the multiple indicator multiple cause model to time series data from 1975-2010. The estimated size of the shadow economy ranges from 13.47% in 1984 to 37% in 2010. Taxes are one of the key drivers while monetization reduces the size of the shadow economy in Bangladesh.
InSyBio ncRNASeq: A web tool for analyzing non-coding RNAs

Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes are RNA molecules transcribed from DNA, but not translated to proteins. Instead, they are involved in gene regulatory mechanisms and a variety of other cellular processes, and they have been associated with several diseases. Thus, their accurate and efficient identification as well as the identification of the genes they regulate is a promising research area and an open topic for the bioinformatics community. In the present paper, we present InSyBio ncRNASeq, which is a cloud-based web platform assisting users to analyze ncRNA sequences and predict whether they are miRNAs, pseudo-hairpins or if they belong to another ncRNA category. Additionally, InSyBio ncRNASeq offers a unique miRNA target prediction pipeline, which results in scored miRNA target sites in genes’ 3’UTRs. This tool not only presents the highest accuracy metrics compared with other state of the art methods and tools, but also offers batch searches between many or all known human miRNAs and many mRNAs.
The long-term determinants of marital fertility in the developed world (19th and 20th centuries): The role of welfare policies

Background: Demographic transition theory was shattered dramatically as a result of the research carried out in the course of the Princeton European Fertility Project. There is still no consensus among demographers as to the causes underlying the fertility transition. Objective: We set out to test the explanatory capacity of certain variables which have traditionally been used to interpret the historical decline in fertility (mortality, level of education, economic development, urbanization) as well as the role played by the rise of the welfare state. Methods: We collected information on different kinds of socioeconomic variables in 25 developed countries over a very long period of time. We carried out panel cointegrating regressions and country panel fixed and time effects generalized least squares. Results: We show that the decline in mortality, the increase in educational level, and economic factors all played a leading role in the historical decline in fertility. We found that the present welfare system places a remarkable burden on those who decide to have a family. Conclusions: A new kind of public social transfer model needs to be designed which will minimize the damaging consequences that our current welfare states have had with regard to fertility. Contribution: 1) The emphasis on the causal impact of the emergence and maturation of the social welfare system using Lindert’s data on social transfers since the late 19th century to 1990. 2) The enormous amount of historical data compiled, as documented in the Appendix. 3) The modern panel cointegration techniques used to analyze the long- and short-term impacts of the different determinants of fertility.
Development of Web based UX Diagnosis System for Small and Medium Sized Home Appliance Manufacturers in the IoT Era

The purpose of the study is to develop a web based User eXperience (UX) diagnosis system that helps the small and medium sized home appliance manufacturers prepare for the opportunities of Internet of Things (IoT) era. To provide a UX diagnostic system that is compatible with various product types of the home appliance manufacturers, a total 109 questionnaire items for UX evaluation were developed based on the UX design principles and design elements. The functional requirements of the proposed diagnosis system were constructed based on the needs and requirements that collected from the designers of the small and medium sized manufacturers though in-depth interviews. A UX diagnostic system was developed as a web based platform that supporting overall UX diagnosis process, from the questionnaire generation, survey distribution, user survey data collection, and visualization of the analyzed UX diagnosis result. The proposed system is designed to uncover various possible UX design flaws related to specific design elements and UX design principle. The proposed system provides both quantitative and qualitative diagnosis results, such as UX design scores and users' comments and opinions about the products. The usability, validity, and usefulness of the developed system were evaluated by the experts through case study. The developed system is expected to be useful for home appliance designers of the home appliance manufacturers by providing systems to evaluate the current state of their products and uncover the UX design issues through a web based survey. The following study will be focused to provide design elements, UX design principles, and questionnaire items for evaluation of the home appliances’ IoT features. KeywordsUser experience; IoT; Home appliance; UX diagnosis system; Survey system
Neuralgias of the Trigeminal Nerve

Practitioners are often presented with patients who complain bitterly of facial pain. The trigeminal nerve is involved in four conditions that are sometimes mixed up. The four conditions - trigeminal neuralgia, trigeminal neuropathic pain, postherpetic neuralgia and atypical facial pain - are discussed under the headings of clinical features, differential diagnosis, cause and treatment. This article should help practitioners to differentiate one from the other and to manage their care.
The EU – a normative power on human rights? : an assessment of the EU’s pursuit of human rights in Myanmar between 1996-2011 in the light of normative power theory

Relating to the debate of what kind of power the EU is this paper examines to what extent the EU pursued its human rights agenda in Myanmar between the years 1996-2011 through normative power. Despite a deliberate debate on the concept itself little empirical research on whether the EU acts through normative power exists. Hence, deriving an operationalisation along the dimensions of principles, process and impact, this paper gives an account on how to measure the concept and provides empirical findings for the case of Myanmar. To do this, a content analysis of 61 EU- and UN-documents is conducted. The program ATLAS.ti, by coding data, is used to assess the groundedness of categories, to conceptualize findings and to visualize relationships. The findings prove normative power theory to be a valuable account to explain - at least - parts of EU policies on Myanmar. As a part of this the construction of a European human rights identity by means of a ‘self-other’ distinction is observed. The case of Myanmar, however, does not adhere to the ideal type of normative power. Other forms of power – especially economic – co-exist. In addition to that, whereas, power in the classical sense is not observable, the concept of normative power may rather refer to ‘power’ as the constant use of rhetorical and symbolic means to pursue legitimized norms. Finally, it can be concluded that the EU actively pursues norms in the case of Myanmar. Moreover, acknowledging the co-existence of different forms of power and reflecting on the meaning of ‘power’ the concept proves to be a useful tool to explain EU action.
An altimetry‐based gravest empirical mode south of Africa: 2. Dynamic nature of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts

[1] Swart et al. (2010) applied altimetry data to the gravest empirical mode south of Africa to yield a 16 year time series of temperature and salinity sections. In this study we use these thermohaline sections to derive weekly estimates of heat content (HC) and salt content (SC) at the GoodHope meridional transect of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). These estimates compare favorably to observed data. The resulting 16 year time series of HC and SC estimates are used to explain the subsurface thermohaline variability at each ACC front and frontal zone. The variability at the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ) is principally driven by the presence of Agulhas Rings, which occur in this region approximately 2.7 times per annum and are responsible for the longest and highest scales of observed variability. The variability of the SAZ is responsible for over 50% and 60% of the total ACC HC and SC variability, respectively. Poleward of the SAZ, the variability is largely determined by the influence of the local topography on the fronts of the region and can be explained by the conservation of potential vorticity. Wavelet analysis is conducted on the time series of meridionally integrated HC and SC in each ACC front and frontal zone, revealing a consistent seasonal mode that becomes more dominant toward the southern limit of the ACC. The lower-frequency signals are compared with two dominant modes of variability in the Southern Ocean. The Southern Annular Mode correlates well with the HC and SC anomaly estimates at the Antarctic Polar Front, while the Southern Oscillation Index appears to have connections to the variability found in the very southern domains of the ACC.
From War to Unethical Practices: Evidence of Social Trauma's Entrepreneurial Consequences

In 2003 the whole of Cyprus entered into the European Union and even though North Cyprus is considered European Union soil, it is a de-facto state within “invisible enclave” that is not recognised by the World and acquis communautaire is not currently applied in North Cyprus. Thus, this situation creates a secluded and compelling environment for not only the Cypriot Turks but for entrepreneurs as well. The paper aims to shed light on an academically untouched region with a unique synthesis of different interdisciplinary perspectives; socialpsychology and business ethics; specifically social trauma; large-group identity confusion, and unethical practices. The paper is based on a qualitative analysis of interviews (N=40), personal observations and relevant secondary data investigating Cypriot Turk business-people’s accounts of different influences on their business life within a business ethics framework.