Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geochemical evolution of the Critical Zone across variable time scales informs concentration‐discharge relationships: Jemez River Basin Critical Zone Observatory

This study investigates the influence of water, carbon, and energy fluxes on solute production and transport through the Jemez Critical Zone (CZ) and impacts on C‐Q relationships over variable spatial and temporal scales. Chemical depletion‐enrichment profiles of soils, combined with regolith thickness and groundwater data indicate the importance to stream hydrochemistry of incongruent dissolution of silicate minerals during deep bedrock weathering, which is primarily limited by water fluxes, in this highly fractured, young volcanic terrain. Under high flow conditions (e.g., spring snowmelt), wetting of soil and regolith surfaces and presence of organic acids promote mineral dissolution and provide a constant supply of base cations, Si, and DIC to soil water and groundwater. Mixing of waters from different hydrochemical reservoirs in the near stream environment during “wet” periods leads to the chemostatic behavior of DIC, base cations, and Si in stream flow. Metals transported by organic matter complexation (i.e., Ge, Al) and/or colloids (i.e., Al) during periods of soil saturation and lateral connectivity to the stream display a positive relationship with Q. Variable Si‐Q relationships, under all but the highest flow conditions, can be explained by nonconservative transport and precipitation of clay minerals, which influences long versus short‐term Si weathering fluxes. By combining measurements of the CZ obtained across different spatial and temporal scales, we were able to constrain weathering processes in different hydrological reservoirs that may be flushed to the stream during hydrologic events, thereby informing C‐Q relationships.
Simple models for late Holocene and present-day Patagonian glacier fluctuations and predictions of a geodetically detectable isostatic response

SUMMARY The late Holocene glacial moraine chronology in the southernmost South American Andes includes four 14C dated Neoglacial advances and retreats. These are used as proxy information to characterize mass fluctuation of the Patagonian icefields during the last 5000 years. Modelled ice loads force a phase-lagged viscoelastic gravitational deformation of the solid Earth. The ancient glacier fluctuations may, therefore, drive present-day crustal motion even in the absence of present-day ice mass imbalance. Numerical models show that such rates of present-day uplift and subsidence are larger than those driven by the viscous memory of late Pleistocene deglaciation. Both spherical and flat-earth models are employed, the latter being used to study exhaustively the eVects of glacial load history on the predicted vertical crustal velocity. Recent assessment of net mass balance from 1944 to 1985 indicates that the Southern Patagonian icefield has significantly deteriorated due to snout retreat and thinning. Volume loss rates are estimated at about 3.4‐9.3 km3 yr’1. The predicted vertical isostatic response to this recession and to the modelled Holocene Neoglaciations is at a marginally detectable level (# 1m m yr’1) if the mantle/asthenosphere beneath Patagonia has a viscosity of about 1021 Pa s. However, for reduced mantle viscosities, the younger Holocene glacial load histories predict larger signatures. In fact, if the viscosity is about 2◊1020 Pa s, or lower, then geodetically detectable vertical motion may be driven by a regional Little Ice Age (LIA) (1400‐1750 AD) glacier advance and subsequent 20th century retreat. Although this value for mantle viscosity is lower than thought typical of continental shield mantle (#1021 Pa s), it is consistent with inversions for post-seismic relaxation time constants in island arc environments and in regions with significant Neogene continental tectonism. In the viscosity regime of 5◊1018‐2◊1019 Pa s, the predicted rates of vertical crustal motion are similar to those presently occurring in Fennoscandia and Hudson Bay (5‐10 mm yr’1). Geodetic data may be sensitive to the time-integrated growth and subsequent retreat of Patagonian glacier ice mass over the last 600 years.
Lessons Learned from KYPO – Cyber Exercise & Research PlatformProject

Cyber attacks became significant threat for a critical information infrastructure of a state. In order to face them it is necessary to study them, understand them, and train personnel to recognize them. For this purpose we have developed a KYPO - Cyber Exercise & Research Platform for simulation of numerous cyber attacks. In this paper we present the KYPO platform and first experience gained from Capture the Flag game training.
Description and Mechanisms of the Mid-Year Upwelling in the Southern Caribbean Sea from Remote Sensing and Local Data

The southern Caribbean Sea experiences strong coastal upwelling between December and April due to the seasonal strengthening of the trade winds. A second upwelling was recently detected in the southeastern Caribbean during June–August, when local coastal wind intensities weaken. Using synoptic satellite measurements and in situ data, this mid-year upwelling was characterized in terms of surface and subsurface temperature structures, and its mechanisms were explored. The mid-year upwelling lasts 6–9 weeks with satellite sea surface temperature (SST) ~1–2° C warmer than the primary upwelling. Three possible upwelling mechanisms were analyzed: cross-shore Ekman transport (csET) due to alongshore winds, wind curl (Ekman pumping/suction) due to wind spatial gradients, and dynamic uplift caused by variations in the strength/position of the Caribbean Current. These parameters were derived from satellite wind and altimeter observations. The principal and the mid-year upwelling were driven primarily by csET (78–86%). However, SST had similar or better correlations with the Ekman pumping/suction integrated up to 100 km offshore (WE100) than with csET, possibly due to its influence on the isopycnal depth of the source waters for the coastal upwelling. The mid-year upwelling was not caused by dynamic uplift but it might have been enhanced by the seasonal intensification of the Caribbean Current during that period.
Keeping High Availability of Connected End-point Devices in Smart Grid

Security is an important aspect to achieve Smart Grid success in terms of commercial deployment. Particularly, availability gets the highest priority in Smart Grids. For end- point devices, such as smart meters or concentrators, this must be true since they must always be working. We present LiSTEE TM Recovery, an architecture for a fault tolerant system for end-point devices to monitor the status of the operating system and to recover even if they stop working due to unexpected behavior or cyber attack including zero-day attack. LiSTEE TM Recovery provides further functions to prevent illegitimate memory modification and to notify a head- end system once a security incident occurs. We demonstrate a full implementation of LiSTEE TM Recovery on a TrustZone capable ARM based processor. Our experiment shows that the performance degradation is small enough to be ignored. Furthermore, we observed that the cost of production and maintenance can be minimized.
Spectrum allocation strategies for future wireless networks

The world is moving towards a future where it needs enough spectrum to fulfill its ever increasing traffic demands. It is expected that mobile device per capita would increase from 1.05 in 2014 to 1.50 in 2019. Moreover, studies show that wireless mobile data traffic is expected to grow 1000 folds by 2020. It is very likely given the types of advanced devices that are connecting to wireless networks everyday, and whic are capable of running advanced and data heavy applications. So, it is certain that higher capacity demands will increase in recent future. From the Shannon capacity relation it is known that capacity depends on bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio. From all the available electromagnetic wavelengths, ITU has divided and allocated microwave bands to cellular mobile services. Apart from allocated bands, ITU is also making efforts to release lower TV bands to mobile services which would be available for provision of basic services in rural areas. Current cellular systems use lower bands which are already at their limits in providing maximum capacity. So, future systems are investigating higher frequency bands due to higher bandwidth availability to enhance the capacity. Due to regulatory as well as hardware limitations, not all the bandwidth in a band is available to a user, so moving to higher bands alone is not a solution. Therefore, deploying advanced techniques to improve both the cell and user spectral efficiencies is required in order to provide 1000 fold capacity. These advanced techniques, like Carrier Aggregation (CA), MIMO, Heterogeneous Networks, Relay Nodes, CoMP, will improve both the capacity and coverage. The main focus of this work is to identify frequency bands that are available for mobile cellular services and investigate the bands on the basis of their link budget. To complete the link budget, different parameters are studied and a generic behavior, with respect to frequency, is defined for all those parameters and some real numbers are selected to complete the link budget. The usability of those bands is checked on two performance matrices, cell coverage and capacity. This study shows that there are lots of unused spectrum available, especially at higher frequencies. Based on link budget analysis, it is investigated that these bands can meet the future demands of a dense urban information society, both in terms of capacity and coverage. This work concludes that, given an acceptable receiving threshold limit, 95% coverage and beyond 1000-fold capacity can be achieved at EHF bands.
Financial Liberalization and Stability Demand for Money in Emerging Economies: Evidence from Jordan

The main purpose of this paper is to test empirically whether there exists a stable function of demand for broad money in Jordan over the period 1976-2000. Despite the substantial financial market liberalization in the late of 1988, the co integration and error correction methodology shows that the quarterly time-series data confirms that the broad demand for money in Jordan was stable during the period under investigation. The results also show that the inflation rate is the most important variable that explains the demand for money in the Jordanian economy.
Management of client requirements for design and build projects in the construction industry of Hong Kong

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the prevailing practice of managing client requirements for design and build (D&B) construction projects in Hong Kong. It attempts to evaluate the limitations and addresses the need for a practical framework for facilitating the implementation of client requirements management within the industry.Design/methodology/approach – Two research instruments were used in this paper: semi‐structured interviews and case studies.Findings – The study revealed that the limitations of the current practice included the lack of a comprehensive client's project brief, inadequate involvement of client in the briefing process, the lack of impartial agents, the controversy caused by the uncertain legal status of end‐users and the improper timing of raising requirements by key project stakeholders. Recommendations are given that an inclusive project brief is necessary in clarifying the goals and covering all‐rounded perspectives. A practical framework is needed to improve the client re.
The Effect of Strategic Planning of Information Systems in Improving the Performance of a Supply Chain

Nowadays, due to the communication and the daily use of "strategic information systems" in the industry, business organizations and business firms, and the existence of the supply chain, as one of the most fundamental of business (manufacturing, industrial, services), the link between suppliers and customers in these categories, which is one of the most fundamental issue in this series. The relationship between these two variables can help develop and promote the managers, functioning growth and success of an organization, so they can use the proposed methods to achieve a high level of efficiency and improvement in the performance of supply chain management competitive advantage and create value-added appropriate use of information systems. In this research, by showing the strategic planning process, from the design stage to plan information systems, a model has been suggested for supply chain management. The model indicates 4 indexes discussing the level of Strategic Planning of Information Systems in two phases, which describe the relationship to improve supply chain performance. Finally, the validation of these 4 hypotheses will be examined. Accordingly, the presented model, in each stage the main activities will be illustrated.
A Discrete-Event Model of Carcinogenesis

We describe a new simulation model of carcinogenesis which, in addition to the features of a standard clonal two-stage model (loss of both copies of a tumor suppressor gene by point mutations, cell division and cell death), includes a quantitative description of mitotic recombination, DNA repair, and cell to cell interactions in all stages. The model is implemented as a discrete event process. We present the results of a sensitivity analysis of the model. The most sensitive paramenters were found to be: the number of normal cells at risk, and the division rate, death rate and DNA repair efficiency for the intermediate stage cells. Accurate infotrnation about these parameters is important for a quantitative understanding of carcinogenesis. The sensitivity of the model to the number of normal cells indicates the importance of understanding the nature of the cells at risk, e.g. stem cells vs. differentiated cells. The model can be used to assess the importance of chromosomal damage such as mitotic recombination and epigenetic mechanisms such as hyperplasia and cytotoxicity in the onset of malignant tumors.
Introducing Imbibition Capillary Pressure in the Assessment of the Smoerbukk and Smoerbukk South Fields Offshore Norway

Focusing on the Smoerbukk (SmOrbukk) fields it is proposed to introduce imbibition capilhuy pressure by a new method which entails representing P, analytically starting from the primary drainage curve. Predicted saturation is shown to agree with wireline log data from a Smocrbukk South well were the initial distribution of saturation was likely established by an imbibition process. Numeriml simulation shows that introducing imbibition capillary pressure significantly reduced predicted water cut in downfl~fis producers as compared to simulations presuming no capillary transition zone. This allowed repositioning the producers closer to the oil-water contact, thereby increasing recovery. FinaIly, it is demonstrated that numerical simulation efficiency improved by introducing imbibition capillaty pressure
Development of Adaptive Educational Course in the SibFU E-Learning System

E-learning has been in progress recently. To date, there are a large number of platforms and developed courses, the lack of adaptability being their main disadvantage. This paper presents the results of designing an adaptive e-learning course on the Moodle platform: the course bases on the tree of concepts and the academic discipline operations; the course content implies various standards; training takes different paths depending on the students’ characteristics and level of knowledge that leads to the students’ performance improvement. The paper also provides with the results of the development and introduction of the adaptive electronic course intended for the full-time secondyear students. In their studies the students follow a certain path, each path presenting the material of different complexity.
Some Properties of the K-Jacobsthal Lucas Sequence

In this paper we present the sequence of the k-Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers that generalizes the Jacobsthal-Lucas sequence. We establish an explicit formula for the term of order n, the well-known the Binet’s formula for kJacobsthal-Lucas numbers and obtain some properties and giving the generating function for the k-JacobsthalLucas sequences.
SILNIKÓW SPALINOWYCH DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM AND PROBABILISTIC NEURAL NETWORK IN IC ENGINE FAULT DIAGNOSIS

W artykule przedstawiono próbę oceny stanu pracy silnika w warunkach symulowanego braku dopływu paliwa do poszczególnych cylindrów oraz próbę wykrywania uszkodzeń zaworów silnika spalinowego za pomocą sygnału drgań rejestrowanego na kadłubie silnika. Obiektem badań był czterocylindrowy silnik spalinowy. W badaniach za źródło informacji o stanie silnika przyjęto sygnały przyspieszeń drgań rejestrowane na kadłubie silnika ZI. W przypadku diagnozowania silnika spalinowego metodami drganiowymi nie można zapominać o występowaniu wielu źródeł drgań, co jest przyczyną wzajemnego zakłócania symptomów uszkodzeń. Ze względu na konieczność analizy sygnałów niestacjonarnych i impulsowych w niniejszej pracy wykorzystano dyskretną transformatę falkową (DWT). Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że istnieje możliwość wykorzystania probabilistycznych sztucznych sieci neuronowych do oceny procesu dopływu paliwa do cylindrów oraz stanu zaworów w silnikach spalinowych. Słowa kluczowe: diagnostyka, silniki spalinowe, sieci neuronowe.
Degradation of Power Generation Performance due to Effects of Various Ice Shapes and Accretions on Wind Turbine Blades

In todayâs world, green energy has become a key initiative as an alternative energy resource. Wind turbines are widely used to harvest wind energy in seasonal and cold environments. Although efficient, cold weather conditions negatively affects wind turbine operations due to ice formation. Damage from icing is seen on blade-tips when super-cooled water droplets that form in colder environments rapidly freeze and accumulate. Different forms of ice structures are formed along the leading edge to the trailing edge of the turbine blade and are classified into horn, rime and glaze ice. These various ice structures can cause power losses, mechanical and electrical failures and pose serious safety hazards (e.g., ice throwing). Ongoing efforts have been in place to develop anti-icing and de-icing strategies, but only a few are available on the market. In this computational study using ANSYS 14, a variable pitched National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) airfoils are used to determine the effects of various ice formations along the cord of turbine blade. Ice accretions on turbine blade can cause significant performance issues such as decreased lift and increased drag leading to performance and energy losses. Understanding the flow behavior of iced airfoil is critical in determining what geometric features of ice contributes to the performance degradation and aerodynamic failures in wind turbines. This study may help optimize future designs and implementation of ice mitigations systems to maximize turbine power output.
Turbulence models of gravitational clustering.

Large-scale structure formation can be modeled as a nonlinear process that transfers energy from the largest scales to successively smaller scales until it is dissipated, in analogy with Kolmogorov’s cascade model of incompressible turbulence. However, cosmic turbulence is very compressible, and vorticity plays a secondary role in it. The simplest model of cosmic turbulence is the adhesion model, which can be studied perturbatively or adapting to it Kolmogorov’s non-perturbative approach to incompressible turbulence. This approach leads to observationally testable predictions, e.g., to the power-law exponent of the matter density two-point correlation function.
The provision of wage incentives: A structural estimation using contracts variation

We address empirically the issues of the optimality of simple linear compensation contracts and the importance of asymmetries between firms and workers. For that purpose, we consider contracts between the French National Institute of Statistics and Economics (Insee) and the interviewers it hired to conduct its surveys in 2001, 2002, and 2003. To derive our results, we exploit an exogenous change in the contract structure in 2003, the piece rate increasing from 20.2 to 22.9 euros. We argue that such a change is crucial for a structural analysis. It allows us, in particular, to identify and recover nonparametrically some information on the cost function of the interviewers and on the distribution of their types. This information is used to select correctly our parametric restrictions. Our results indicate that the loss of using such simple contracts instead of the optimal ones is no more than 16%, which might explain why linear contracts are so popular. We also find moderate costs of asymmetric information in our data, the loss being around 22% of what Insee could achieve under complete information. Incentives asymmetric information optimal contracts nonparametric identification C14 D82 D86
Employment Outcomes in Non Metropolitan Labour Markets: Individual and Regional Labour Market Factors

There has been a growing awareness that the issue of labour market disadvantage is substantially greater than merely considering unemployment and the ability to find a job. There is an increasing literature that points to the advantages of considering a broader concept which accounts for those people who are traditionally unemployed, but also individuals who are under-employed and those who are sub-unemployed or discouraged workers. Taking multi-level survey and census data for Australian non-metropolitan regions this paper applies a broad employability framework to an understanding of labour underutilisation which presents the risk of underutilisation as a function of individual characteristics, personal circumstances and the impact of local labour market characteristics. The analysis finds that the risk of labour underutilisation in non-metropolitan regions is associated with a range of individual characteristics and circumstances together with the characteristics of the local labour market. The findings indicate that policy designed to address issues of labour underutilisation needs to focus on both supply and demand-sides of the labour market in order to be effective.
Forecasting malaysian business cycle movement: empirical evidence from composite leading indicator

Early detection of a turning point in a business cycle is crucial, as information about the changing phases in business cycles enables policy makers, the business community, and investors to cope better with unexpected events brought about by economic and business situations. The Malaysian economy is fortunate to own a publicly accessible composite of leading indicator (CLI) that is presumed capable of tracing the business cycle movement and thus contributes to the creation of an early signaling tool for short-term economic forecasting. Certainly, the usefulness of this CLI in monitoring the contemporary economic and business condition in Malaysia will be empirically appealing to the nation. Even though the present study can display the ability of the Malaysian CLI to trace the business cycle and offers advanced detection of business cycle turning points, the evidence of diminishing lead times foreseen by the CLI significantly weaken the fundamental function of a leading index as an early tool to signal economic vulnerability.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A MICROSTRIP-FED MINIATURE PRINTED HILBERT SLOT ANTENNA

The resonant frequencies and input impedance of a microstrip-fed third order Hilbert slot antenna are studied as function of antenna and substrate parameters. A distinct dual- band characteristic is observed. Findings from HFSS simulation are validated by prototype fabrication and experimental measurement. The two resonant frequencies maintain a ratio of approximately 1.4 for narrow slots. A design parameter, Lax is identified which needs to be about 0. 80λg at the lowest operating frequency. The Hilbert slot provides a unidirectional pattern when operated against a metallic ground plane while maintaining dual-band characteristics.