Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Whole‐genome analysis to describe a human adenovirus D8 conjunctivitis outbreak in a tertiary hospital

Conjunctivitis is a frequent ocular disorder caused by human adenoviruses (HAdVs). Only a few of the 45 HAdV‐D species are associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, including HAdV‐D8. Nosocomial outbreaks due to HAdV‐D8 have been rarely described, because keratoconjunctivitis cases are clinically diagnosed and treated without having to characterize the causative agent. Moreover, molecular typing is tedious when using classical techniques. In this study, a hospital outbreak of conjunctivitis caused by HAdV‐D8 was characterized using the recently developed whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) method. Of the 363 patients attending the Ophthalmology Department between July 13 and August 13, 2018, 36 may have acquired intrahospital conjunctivitis. Also, 11 of 22 samples sent to the Virology section were selected for WGS analysis. The WGS results revealed that 10 out of 11 HAdV‐D8 strains were closely related. The remaining strain (Case 28) was more similar to a strain from an outbreak in Germany obtained from a public sequence database. WGS results showed that outbreak HAdV‐D8 strains had a minimum percentage of identity of 94.3%. WGS is useful in a clinical setting, because it avoids carrying out viral culture or specific polymerase chain reaction sequencing. The public availability of sequence reads makes it easier to compare clusters in circulation. In conclusion, WGS can play an important role in standard routines to describe viral outbreaks.
On the question of commensurability – The Nowotny chimney-ladder structures revisited

A composite approach was used for the structure solution and refinement of two new Nowotny chimney-ladder phases, (Mo/Rh)11Ge18 and (Mo/Rh)13Ge22, found during investigations in the Mo/Rh/Ge system. The descriptions of the phases with conventional models (in I¯42d(No. 122) with a=5.885(2) Å, c=52.62(2) Å for (Mo/Rh)11Ge18 and a=5.922(1) Å, c=62.88(4) Å for (Mo/Rh)13Ge22) led to high numbers of unobserved reflections, high parameter/reflection ratios and an unstable refinement in the case of (Mo/Rh)13Ge22. Microscopy studies showed that the phases were in fact incommensurately modulated. Therefore, a composite model consisting of a rather stable diamond-like transition-metal substructure and a helical main-group-metal arrangement was developed. For the refinement of both phases, (Mo/Rh)11Ge18 as well as (Mo/Rh)13Ge22, the same model – same space group pair (W: P4/nnc:q¯1q1 P: I41/amd: 1¯1ss), same atom positions and modulation waves – was used. The refinements converged rapidly, showing that the presented structure model is very general, and may well be applicable to any Nowotny chimney-ladder phase.
A genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptibility loci in chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND Chagas disease is an infectious disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is endemic from Latin American countries. The goal of our study was to identify novel genetic loci associated with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy development in Chagas disease patients from different Latin American populations. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional, nested case-control study including three sample collections from Colombia, Argentina and Bolivia. Samples were genotyped to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS). These results were meta-analyzed with summary statistic data from Brazil, gathering a total of 3,413 Chagas disease patients. To identify the functional impact of the associated variant and its proxies we performed an in silico analysis of this region. RESULTS The meta-analysis revealed a novel genome-wide statistically significant association with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy development in rs2458298 (OR=0.90, 95%CI=0.87-0.94, p-value=3.27x10 -08), nearby the SAC3D1 gene. In addition, further in silico analyses displayed functional relationships between the associated variant and the SNX15, BAFT2 and FERMT3 genes, related to cardiovascular traits. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the role of the host genetic factors in the susceptibility to the development of the chronic cardiac form of this neglected disease.
The Sleep of Elite Australian Rules Footballers During Preseason: A Comparison of Men and Women.

PURPOSE Australian football has elite men's (Australian Football League; AFL) and women's (Australian Football League Women's; AFLW) competitions. This study compared AFL and AFLW players' sleep and characterized players' sleep in the context of current sleep recommendations. METHODS A total of 70 players (36 AFL, 34 AFLW) had their sleep monitored via actigraphy over a 10-day preseason period. Sleep outcomes and their intraindividual variation, were compared between AFL and AFLW players using linear mixed models. Proportions of players sleeping ≥7 and ≥8 hours per night, and achieving ≥85% sleep efficiency, were compared using chi-square analyses. RESULTS Compared with AFL players, AFLW players slept less (7.9 [0.5] vs 7.1 [0.6] h, P = .000), had lower sleep efficiency (89.5% [2.8%] vs 84.0% [4.4%], P = .000), and greater intraindividual variation in sleep efficiency (3.1% [0.9%] vs 5.1% [2.1%], P = .000). A total of 47% of AFLW versus 3% of AFL players averaged <7 hours sleep (χ2 = 18.6, P = .000). A total of 88% of AFLW versus 50% of AFL players averaged <8 hours sleep (χ2 = 11.9, P = .001). A total of 53% of AFLW versus 14% of AFL players averaged <85% sleep efficiency (χ2 = 12.1, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS AFLW players slept less and had poorer sleep quality than AFL players. Many AFLW players do not meet current sleep duration or sleep quality recommendations. Research should test strategies to improve sleep among Australian rules footballers, particularly among elite women.
The Effects of the Addition of a New Airway Clearance Device to Chest Physiotherapy in Children with Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Exacerbations

Abstract Background Chest physiotherapy plays a crucial role in managing cystic fibrosis, especially during pulmonary exacerbations. This study evaluated the effects of adding a new airway clearance device to chest physiotherapy in subjects with cystic fibrosis hospitalised due to pulmonary exacerbations. Methods This prospective open-label study was carried out at the Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Centre in Poland between October 2017 and August 2018. Cystic fibrosis patients aged 10 to 18 years who were admitted to the hospital and required intravenous antibiotic therapy due to pulmonary exacerbations were consecutively allocated (1:1) to either chest physiotherapy alone or chest physiotherapy with a new airway clearance device (Simeox; PhysioAssist). Patients performed spirometry and multiple-breath nitrogen washout for lung clearance index assessment upon admission and prior to discharge. Results Forty-eight cystic fibrosis patients were included (24 in each group). Spirometry parameters in both groups improved significantly after intravenous antibiotic therapy. A significant improvement in the maximum expiratory flow at 25% of forced vital capacity was observed only in the group with a new airway clearance device (p < 0.01 vs. baseline). Trends towards a lower lung clearance index ratio were similar in both groups. No adverse events were observed in either group. Conclusions Spirometry parameters increased significantly in cystic fibrosis patients treated for pulmonary exacerbations with intravenous antibiotic therapy and intensive chest physiotherapy. The new airway clearance device was safe and well tolerated when added to chest physiotherapy and may be another option for the treatment of pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis.
Trends and Clinical Impact of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures on Acute Heart Failure in Spain (2002–2017)

Introduction: Heart failure decompensation can be triggered by many factors, including anemia. In cases of iron deficiency anemia or iron deficiency without anemia, endoscopic studies are recommended to rule out the presence of gastrointestinal neoplasms or other associated bleeding lesions. Objectives: The aims of this study were to (i) examine trends in the incidence, clinical characteristics, and in-hospital outcomes of patients hospitalized with heart failure from 2002 to 2017 who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and/or colonoscopy, and to (ii) identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM) among patients with heart failure who underwent an EGD and/or a colonoscopy. Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective epidemiological study using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database (SNHDD) between 2002 and 2017. We included hospitalizations of patients with a primary discharge diagnosis of heart failure. Cases were reviewed if there was an ICD-9-CM or ICD-10 procedure code for EGD or colonoscopy in any procedure field. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to identify predictors of IHM among HF patients who underwent an EGD or colonoscopy. Results: A total of 51,187 (1.32%) non-surgical patients hospitalized with heart failure underwent an EGD and another 72,076 (1.85%) patients had a colonoscopy during their admission. IHM was significantly higher in those who underwent an EGD than in those who underwent a red blood cell transfusion (OR 1.10; 95%CI 1.04–1.12). However, the use of colonoscopy seems to decrease the probability of IHM (OR 0.45; 95%CI 0.41–0.49). In patients who underwent a colonoscopy, older age seems to increase the probability of IHM. However, EGD was associated with a lower mortality (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.55–0.64). Conclusion: In our study, a decrease in the number of gastroscopies was observed in relation to colonoscopy in patients with heart failure. The significant ageing of the hospitalized HF population seen over the course of the study could have contributed to this. Both procedures seemed to be associated with lower in-hospital mortality, but in the case of colonoscopy, the risk of in-hospital mortality was higher in elderly patients with heart failure and associated neoplasms. Colonoscopy and EGD seemed not to increase IHM in patients with heart failure.
Occurrence of Fusarium Mycotoxins and Their Modified Forms in Forage Maize Cultivars

Forage maize is often infected by mycotoxin-producing Fusarium fungi during plant growth, which represent a serious health risk to exposed animals. Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are among the most important Fusarium mycotoxins, but little is known about the occurrence of their modified forms in forage maize. To assess the mycotoxin contamination in Northern Germany, 120 natural contaminated forage maize samples of four cultivars from several locations were analysed by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for DON and ZEN and their modified forms deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON3G), the sum of 3- and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3+15-AcDON), α- and β-zearalenol (α-ZEL, β-ZEL). DON and ZEN occurred with high incidences (100 and 96%) and a wide range of concentrations, reaching levels up to 10,972 and 3910 µg/kg, respectively. Almost half of the samples (46%) exceeded the guidance value in complementary and complete feeding stuffs for ZEN (500 µg/kg), and 9% for DON (5000 µg/kg). The DON related mycotoxins DON3G and 3+15-AcDON were also present in almost all samples (100 and 97%) with amounts of up to 3038 and 2237 µg/kg and a wide range of concentrations. For the ZEN metabolites α- and β-ZEL lower incidences were detected (59 and 32%) with concentrations of up to 423 and 203 µg/kg, respectively. Forage maize samples were contaminated with at least three co-occurring mycotoxins, whereby 95% of all samples contained four or more mycotoxins with DON, DON3G, 3+15-AcDON, and ZEN co-occurring in 93%, together with α-ZEL in 57% of all samples. Positive correlations were established between concentrations of the co-occurring mycotoxins, especially between DON and its modified forms. Averaged over all samples, ratios of DON3G/DON and 3+15-AcDON/DON were similar, 20.2 and 20.5 mol%; cultivar-specific mean ratios ranged from 14.6 to 24.3 mol% and 15.8 to 24.0 mol%, respectively. In total, 40.7 mol% of the measured DON concentration was present in the modified forms DON3G and 3+15-AcDON. The α-ZEL/ZEN ratio was 6.2 mol%, ranging from 5.2 to 8.6 mol% between cultivars. These results demonstrate that modified mycotoxins contribute substantially to the overall mycotoxin contamination in forage maize. To avoid a considerable underestimation, it is necessary to analyse modified mycotoxins in future mycotoxin monitoring programs together with their parent forms.
Haemostasis monitoring

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Namur Benzo [ 1 , 2-b : 4 , 5b ' ] dithiophene as a weak donor component for push-pull materials displaying thermally activated delayed fluorescence or room temperature phosphorescence

In the search for high-performance donor-acceptor type organic compounds displaying thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), triisopropylsilyl-protected benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene (BDT-TIPS) is presented as a novel donor component in combination with two known acceptors: dimethyl-9H-thioxanthenedioxide (TXO2) and dibenzo[a,c]phenazinedicarbonitrile (CNQxP). For a broader comparison, the same acceptors are also combined with the well-studied 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (DMAC) donor. Optimized BDT-TIPScontaining structures show calculated dihedral angles of around 50 and well-separated highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, although varying singlet-triplet energy gaps are observed experimentally. By changing the acceptor moiety and the resulting ordering of excited states, room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) attributed to localized BDT-TIPS emission is observed for TXO2-BDT-TIPS, whereas CNQxP-BDT-TIPS affords a combination of TADF and triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) delayed emission. In contrast, strong and pure TADF is well-known for TXO2-DMAC, whereas CNQxP-DMAC shows a mixture of TADF and TTA at very long timescales. Overall, BDT-TIPS represents an alternative low-strength donor component for push-pull type TADF emitters that is also able to induce RTP properties.
Volume 37 , Issue 3 PPP hypothesis and temporary structural breaks

In this study our aim is to explore a better testing strategy for the PPP hypothesis under a temporary structural break. For this purpose we use the exponential smooth transition (EST) function in the unit root testing framework and compare this methodology with the one that uses a Fourier function. Although the Fourier function is extensively used in the literature to test the validity of the PPP hypothesis under temporary breaks, this investigation shows that it leads to misleading results. Citation: Aysegul Corakcı and Furkan Emirmahmutoglu and Omay Tolga, (2017) ''PPP hypothesis and temporary structural breaks'', Economics Bulletin, Volume 37, Issue 3, pages 1541-1548 Contact: Aysegul Corakcı aeruygur@cankaya.edu. tr, Furkan Emirmahmutoglu furkan@gazi.edu. tr, Omay Tolga omay.tolga@gmail.com. Submitted: April 29, 2017. Published: July 08, 2017.
Two-dimensional equilibrium of a low temperature magnetized plasma

A two-dimensional steady-state model is developed, in which, even though ion inertia is retained, a variable separation allows us to analyse separately the axial and the radial transports. For the axial transport (along magnetic field lines) an integral dispersion relation is derived that includes a nonlinear form that is obtained from the ion–neutral collision operator. The dispersion relation is solved for various values of the Paschen parameter, and the electron temperature and the axial profiles of the plasma density and plasma potential are calculated. The solutions of the dispersion relation are shown to have three asymptotic limits: collisionless, linear diffusion and nonlinear diffusion. For the radial transport, the rate of which is determined by electron cross-field diffusion, the full equations are numerically solved. The calculations are compared to probe measurements performed at various locations inside our helicon source for various magnetic field intensities and wave powers. The proposition that the measured increase in the plasma density with the increase of the magnetic field intensity is a result of an improved confinement, is examined. For the parameters of the experiment described here, this proposition implies that the electron collisionality is much larger than expected from electron–ion and electron–neutral collisions. A different explanation for the dependence of the density on the magnetic field intensity is suggested, that the density increase that follows an increase of the magnetic field intensity results from an improved wave–plasma coupling via the helicon interaction, causing a larger fraction of the total wave power to be deposited inside the helicon source.
The incompatibility of ice-core CO2 data with reconstructions of biotic CO2 sources (II).

The compatibility of ice-core CO 2 data with direct estimates of biotic CO 2 release is tested using a response function analysis that, apart from stationarity, leaves the oceanic uptake of CO 2 largely unconstrained. The role of CO 2 -enhanced growth (which had not been considered in an earlier study of this type) is examined explicitly. It is found that allowing for CO 2 -enhanced growth increases the discrepancy between the source estimates and the ice-core data. The proposed explanation is that some of the early increase in CO 2 concentrations reflects a recovery from a perturbation associated with the little ice-age. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1992. 00002.x
A New Strategy to Increase CSR Performance . Does the M & A Strategy of SMEs lead to a change in the CSR performance of the acquiring MNEs ?

Executive Summary One of the objectives of my thesis is the identification of a relation between the corporate social responsibility of firms and whether acquisition premium is affected through a Merger and Acquisition deal. I focus mainly on acquirers being Multinational Enterprises and targets being Small Medium size Enterprises. In the thesis I also research and analyse whether firms find corporate social responsibility important when acquiring another firm, with the possibility to increase their corporate social responsibility score in the long term. With all of the above combined, I ultimately research whether a new form of M&A strategy is possible to increase the corporate social responsibility score of a firm, specifically the acquirer. Therefore, I prepare the following main research question that I will answer in order to clarify the issue much as possible: A New Strategy to Increase CSR Performance. Does the M&A Strategy of SMEs lead to a change in the CSR performance of the acquiring MNEs?
Feminist Technologies : Encoding Feminism in Dating Applications

The topic of this research are feminist technologies. The investigation specifically deals with dating apps as feminist technologies taking on the dating app Bumble as its central case study. The main research question asks how feminism comes to be encoded into dating app technology and how it shapes the contemporary romance economy. Three sub-questions operationalize the research further by asking which feminist ideas are encoded and why, how the design of the app influences interactions and shapes feminist practices, and lastly, what the users’ perceptions of the encoded representations are. The theoretical framework introduces various feminist theories but specifically focuses on the intersectional, queer and cross-cultural perspectives of what constitutes feminism. The methodology of the investigation is qualitative and data collection and analysis is done by conducing one-on-one interviews with users of the app. In addition to this, an app ethnography is conducted using the walkthrough method. The findings present results from both parts of the data collection. The main themes that arise are the paradoxical trust relationship between the app and its users, the fluid versus binary understanding of gender roles, the dating expectations that exist with regard to gender, the creation of safe spaces within the app, and the diversity of the matches within the app. The discussion concludes that Bumble encodes feminist ideas at two levels. At the surface, intersectional feminist ideas dominate, while in the core of the app outdated feminist ideas take over. With regards to practices, the influence of the app’s design does not always aid Bumble in translating its values from the surface level to the core design and experience of the app, thereby creating a disconnect between what is said and what is done. Lastly, the perceptions of the representations that users hold are different than how Bumble constitutes of these same ideas. The research suggests three points of improvement for Bumble: firstly, updating the gender and sexuality categories and how they are implemented within the app’s design; secondly, moving away from gendered ideas of sexuality and assumptions about women’s sexual needs. Thirdly, revamping the safety and privacy features of its app to provide a safe space for all.
Pressure and temperature-dependence of water solubility in Fe-free wadsleyite

Abstract The effects of temperature and pressure on water solubility in wadsleyite in the system MgO-SiO2- H2O were investigated. Experiments were carried out using a 1000 ton multi-anvil press. One series of experiments was performed at a fixed pressure of 15 GPa and at various temperatures and in a second series the temperature was fixed at 1200 °C and pressure was varied from 13 to 18 GPa. The starting material was a mixture of oxides and hydroxides equivalent to the composition Mg2SiO4 + 5 wt% H2O. Run products consisted of wadsleyite, quenched hydrous melt, and minor amounts of clinoenstatite. The water content of wadsleyite was quantified by ion probe. Results show that at 15 GPa, the water solubility in wadsleyite decreases significantly with increasing temperature from ~2.2 wt% H2O at 900 °C down to ~0.9 wt% H2O at 1400 °C; the corresponding Mg/Si ratios increase from 1.80 to 1.91 over this temperature range. This effect appears to be largely due to changes in the water activity in the coexisting melt. The partition coefficient of water between wadsleyite and coexisting melt is nearly independent of temperature with Dwaterwadsleyite/melt ≈ 0.08. No significant effect of pressure on water solubility was observed at 1200 °C. Our data suggest that the water storage capacity of wadsleyite in the transition zone is much lower than previously suggested. Together with previous results on ringwoodite, our data imply a strong decrease of the water partition coefficient between wadsleyite and ringwoodite with temperature. This decrease could have two important consequences: (1) The width of the 520 km discontinuity may vary strongly as a function of temperature. (2) During cooling of the Earth's mantle since the Hadean, water may have increasingly partitioned from the lower into the upper part of the transition zone.