Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Progress In Organic – Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

The increase in energy demand due to increase in population and reduction of fossil fuels has led to the search of alternative energy sources. Solar energy, which is an alternative source of energy, has been in the fore front of this research. Various methods of converting solar energy into electricity has been attained by silicon solar cells, thin film solar cells, dye sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells. Unlike dye sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells based on lead halide perovskite or organic-inorganic halide perovskite have had a significant impact on photovoltaic devices. A power conversion efficiency of approximately 20.1% has been attained by perovskite solar cells compared to organic solar cells. Also, several fabrication techniques, hole and electron transport materials have been developed for high performance. Although, some issues need to be addressed before commercialization is possible. Issues like stability of the cells under moisture and temperature. In this review, fundamental aspects of the perovskite device and recent breakthroughs are illustrated.
National influences inside the ECB: an assessment from central bankers' statements

This paper aims at discovering the national influences inside the Governing Council of the ECB for setting interest rates. We use a textual analysis of national newspaper articles related to each European central banker to analyze their expressed preferences. We proceed to a cluster analysis with the results obtained and fi nd that there were favorable conditions for the emergence of coalitions of central bankers according to their common economic concerns. Next, a Taylor rule of each coalition is estimated as well as their desired interest rate. Finally, we assess the contribution of each coalition in setting the interest rate fixed by the ECB. Our results show that the identi fied coalitions have an influence inside the Governing Council for setting the interest rate, that is approximately equal to their respective economic weight in the euro area.
A Framework for Evaluating Organizational Involvement in Online Ratings Communities

As online review systems become increasingly prevalent it is imperative for companies to evaluate their involvement in online ratings. Despite the widespread popularity of online ratings among consumers and firms alike, the business value that such systems bring to organizations, and the degree to which these organizations should be involved in filtering these reviews, remains unanswered questions. This paper addresses these questions by studying the relationship between a firm’s online product ratings and the purchases made on their website. We find that the online ratings on a website are significantly correlated with online purchases. In addition, we find that a firms’ filtering strategy for online reviews effects the impact of these ratings on purchases. The results of our work provide evidence that firms must think very carefully about their filtering policies for online reviews; the strategy that a firm implements in filtering their online reviews could indeed affect their bottom line.
A dynamical and observational study of an unstable TNO : 59358 (1999CL158)

Context. The physical surface properties of a trans-Neptunian Object is believed to be mainly produced as a result of interplay between irradiation from different kinds of cosmic rays and collisions. Objects recently resurfaced by collisions are likely to have very different physical properties from those of the bulk population. In particular, pristine ices from the interior are expected to be present on the surface. A possible way to identify a trans-Neptunian object that has suffered a major collision is by investigating the lifetime of the orbit near its present location. If the lifetime is very short, a physical encounter is a possible way by which the TNO has evolved into such a short lived orbit. Aims. The goal of this investigation is to search for tracers of a young surface on objects with very short orbital lifetimes in the trans-Neptunian Belt. We are looking for any evidence that indicates that they reached their current unstable orbits through collisions. In particular, we have studied the case of 59358 (1999CL 158 ), a trans-Neptunian object that currently has the most chaotic orbit in the Classical Belt. Methods. By numerically integration its orbit, we estimate that 59358 (1999CL 158 ) has resided near its location for about 10 Myr. We have also obtained a near-infrared spectrum of 59358 (1999CL 158 ) in the region between 1.43–1.96 microns using the near infrared imager and spectrograph, NIRI, at Gemini North 8-m telescope. These NIR observations are of the faintest and smallest TNO so far observed. Results. We present the results of the search of ice-bands, such as CH 4 and H 2 O, having found evidence of the presence of the first mentioned molecule. Conclusions. The detection of methane implies that it must be an abundant component of this object. Methane is also evidence of a young surface, therefore we conclude that it is likely that 59358 (1999CL 158 ) has experienced a recent collision or collisions.
Feasibility of Replacing Chemical Fertilizer by Using Organic Fertilizer in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Considering Yield Contributing Characters and Yield

The experiment comprised of 10 treatments, such as T 0 : Control condition; T 1 : All chemical fertilizer as recommended dose; T 2 : Cowdung as recommended dose; T 3 : Compost as recommended dose; T 4 : ½ Cowdung + ½ Compost; T 5 : Cowdung + Compost; T 6 : Cowdung + ½ Chemical fertilizer; T 7 : Compost + ½ Chemical fertilizer; T 8 : Cowdung + Compost +½ Chemical fertilizer and T 9 : ½ Cowdung + ½ Compost + ½ Chemical fertilizer. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on different growth characters and yield were recorded. Among the treatments all chemical fertilizers as recommended dose (T 1 ) and cowdung + compost + ½ chemical fertilizer (T 8 ) were found superior considering all yield contributing characters and yield. At 30 (Days after Sowing) DAS, the longest plant was recorded from T 8 (27.93 cm), while the shortest plant was found in T 0 (23.13 cm). At 50, 70, 90 DAS and harvest the longest plant was recorded from T 1 (52.13 cm, 82.13 cm, 85.93 cm and 95.21 cm), whereas the shortest plant was obtained from T 0 (41.14 cm, 65.84 cm, 70.77 cm and 76.00 cm). At 30, 50, 70, 90 DAS and harvest the maximum number of tillers hill -1 was recorded from T 1 (2.00, 5.64, 6.93, 6.15 and 5.78), whereas the minimum number was found in T 0 (1.33, 2.87, 4.20, 3.94 and 3.72). The longest spike (19.86 cm), maximum number of spikelets spikes -1 (20.33), maximum number of filled grains spike -1 (34.00), highest grain yield (3.71 t ha -1 ) and highest straw yield (5.78 t ha -1 ) was attained from T 1 and the shortest spike (14.33 cm), minimum number of spikelets spikes -1 (14.18), minimum number of filled grains spike -1 (21.53), lowest grain yield (2.06 t ha -1 ) and lowest straw yield (4.49 t ha -1 ) was recorded from T 0 . DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1. 22066 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 203-208 2013
The Effect of Investor Sentiment on Betting Against Beta: A Structural Equations Modeling Approach Towards Beta Anomaly

Beta anomaly is one of the greatest anomalies in finance literature as capital asset pricing model (CAPM) conveys a positive relationship between the beta of a stock and future returns; however, empirical studies do not document this proposition. Branded as betting against beta (BAB), this conundrum is known as a controversial subject. Drawing on literature the authors propose new multi-factor models to develop our understanding of BAB using investor sentiment as well as structural equation modeling methodology to gauge the models in the presence of the top-down approach. Results indicate that investor sentiment provides a good explanation of the BAB. Limitation and future research directions are presented at the end of paper.
Implementing and testing theoretical fission fragment yields in a Hauser-Feshbach statistical decay framework

We implement fission fragment yields, calculated using Brownian shape-motion on a macroscopic-microscopic potential energy surface in six dimensions, into the Hauser-Feshbach statistical decay code CGMF. This combination allows us to test the impact of utilizing theoretically-calculated fission fragment yields on the subsequent prompt neutron and γ-ray emission. We draw connections between the fragment yields and the total kinetic energy TKE of the fission fragments and demonstrate that the use of calculated yields can introduce a difference in the 〈TKE〉 and, thus, the prompt neutron multiplicity v, as compared with experimental fragment yields. We deduce the uncertainty on the 〈TKE〉 and v from this procedure and identify possible applications.
A new architecture based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) for assisting the driver in fog environment

Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are designed to assist the driver and improve road safety. For this, various sensors are generally embedded in vehicles to alert the driver in case of danger present on the road. Unfortunately, the performance of such systems degrades in the presence of adverse weather conditions. In addition, eliminating the fog of a single image captured by a camera is a very difficult and ill-posed phenomenon in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). Recent developments in the field of deep learning have allowed researchers to build relevant models using various tools available. We propose in this paper a new architecture based on fast R-CNN for the detection of objects in fogged images, and a convolutional neuron network (CNN) is designed on the basis of a reformulated model of atmospheric diffusion for fog elimination to restore the sharp image.
Transformations: Identity Construction in Contemporary Culture

Sightings Preface: Entertainment Is Dead, Long Live Transformation IntroductionSection 1. Self-Transformation in a Popular Culture Section 2. Traditional Transformations Section 3. Status Transformations Section 4. Modern Transformations Section 5. Postmodern TransformationsConclusionAppendix: The Argument in a Single Page
Construction and application research of knowledge graph in aviation risk field

Since the causes of aviation accidents and risks are complicated, concealed, unpredictable and difficult to be investigated, in order to achieve the efficient organization and knowledge sharing of the historical cases of aviation risk events, this paper put forward the method of constructing vertical knowledge graph for aviation risk field. Firstly, the data-driven incremental construction technology is used to build aviation risk event ontology model. Secondly, the pattern-based knowledge mapping mechanism, which transform structured data into RDF (Resource Description Framework) data for storage, is proposed. And then the application, update and maintenance of the knowledge graph are described. Finally, knowledge graph construction system in aviation risk field is developed; and the data from American Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) is used as an example to verify the rationality and validity of the knowledge graph construction method. Practice has proved that the construction of knowledge graph has a guiding significance for the case information organization and sharing on the field of aviation risk.
Experimental tests on strengthened and unstrengthened masonry vault with backfill

The one of the effects of the progress of civilization and society lifestyle changes is need for adaptation of existing buildings to a new function. Period houses in the market squares are converted into shopping centers, hotels, restaurants, pubs etc. Due to this conversion new loads for buildings must be considered and usually there is a need for strengthening of structural elements e.g. vaults [1, 2]. Nowadays externally-bonded composites are often used for vaults strengthening. Research performed in recent years indicated that fi ber reinforced polymer systems [3-6] and systems that use cement-based matrices [7-9] are effective strengthening solutions for vaults. Most of these tests were performed on arches or vaults without backfi ll. In historic buildings buried vaults are common and it is obvious that vaults are not isolate structural elements but they interact with fi ll. Previous tests carried out on unstrengthened arches with fi ll material indicated that the presence of fi ll material and its properties strongly infl uence the behavior and load-carrying capacity of vault-soil system [10-13]. Most of these tests were performed on masonry arch bridge models but according to tests presented in [14] similar conclusions can be drawn in case of vaults in historic buildings. Taking into consideration the facts mentioned above, the question arises whether strengthening systems based on composite materials are an appropriate solution for the vaults with backfi ll or not. The research presented in this paper was performed in order to observe collapse mechanism and determine load-carrying capacity of buried vault with and without strengthening. The masonry vault with light expanded clay aggregate backfi ll was tested twice. The element without strengthening was tested fi rst and after application of the strengthening system it was tested again. Tests results were compared in order to check the effectiveness of applied strengthening system in the case of buried vaults.
Nipa sap fermentation without yeast addition

Bioethanol production from nipa sap was studied in this work. Nipa sap is a source of sugars, minerals, yeasts and nutrients which can be suitably used as a raw material for ethanol fermemtation. The nipa sap fermentation was carried out sufficiently using the native yeast in the sap without external yeast addition and nutrient supplementation. Firstly, the sap was pretreated with pH 4.9 at 36 oC for 25 min before fermentation. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to design minimally experimental conditions of the fermentation and to optimize the conditions. The studied variables were initial total sugar concentration (10–30 %w/w), initial pH (4.5–6.5), temperature (28–40 oC) and time (10–144 hours). The optimal condition using 22.4%w/w initial total sugar with pH 4.5 at 29oC for 77 h could achieve 91% ethanol yield with 112.1 g/L ethanol concentration.
Isotherm Studies on Oil Removal from Produced Water Using Mango Seed Kernel Powder as Sorbent Material

Oil pollution has been a major pollution source in most countries where crude oil exploration takes place. Produced water is the largest waste containing oil usually obtainable from oil and gas exploration activities. This water contains ? 30% oil and is harmful to aquatic lives and the environment where it is disposed. In this work, mango seed kernel (MSK) was processed and used as oil sorbent from produced water with 93.33% oil removal from initial oil content of 30 ppm down to 2 ppm. The results showed that this bio-waste can satisfactorily substitute the costly means of conventional methods used in produced water treatment. The generated data from the sorption experiments were used in isotherm data fitting. Freundlich isotherm fitted the data better than Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin isotherms with coefficient of regression (R 2 ) 0.9638. This showed that the sorption behavior is physical in nature and can be desorbed easily. Elemental analysis on the sorbent revealed that it contains mainly carbon (60.95%) and oxygen (39.05%). It was found to have a surface area of 0.0036 m 2 /g by BET method. The surface contained tiny pores suitable for sorption process. An FTIR run on the sample revealed the presence of several peaks indicating the presence of different functional groups. Keywords: mango seed kernel, isotherm, characterization, produced water
Yttrium-90 Selective Internal Radiation Therapy for Liver Tumors

The aim of this chapter to evaluate the effects of yttrium‐90 (Y‐90) radioembolization on primary and metastatic liver tumors with delivering implantable radioactive micro‐ spheres into branches of hepatic arteries that feed liver tumors to provide a high dose of targeted radiation to tumor tissue. Yttrium‐90 (Y‐90), a high‐energetic beta emitter, is the most preferred radionuclide, which is used to label microspheres. The principle of this therapeutic option depends on the different blood sources of healthy and malign cells in liver. In liver primary or metastatic tumor cells, most of the blood is supplied via the hepatic artery. Arterial supply of malignant liver tumors in contrast with mostly portal venous supply of normal hepatocytes as well as excess amount of arterial neovascular‐ ization in the tumor bed. Therefore, intra‐arterial radionuclide therapy can provide very high radiation exposure to tumor tissue, which is impossible to reach with external radia‐ tion therapy due to serious side effects. Y‐90 microsphere therapy is an efficient and safe locoregional therapeutic option for unresectable primary and metastatic liver tumors.
Investigation of Structural Properties of Quercetin by Quantum Chemistry Methods

The aim of this work is an ab initio quantum mechanical investigation of spatial molecular structure of the quercetin molecule - a biologically active compound, which is widely used in medicine and pharmaceutics. The conformational analysis performed at the MP2/6-311++G(d,p) // DFT B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) theory level revealed as many as 12 conformations of quercetin molecule with relative Gibbs energies from 0 to 5.33 kcal/mole. The presence of strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the quercetin molecule was detected. Existence of these bonds can, in particular, explain quercetin's biological multifunctionality. The spatial structure of the most energetically favorable conformation has been found.
The Role of Fair Value Accounting for Investment In Securities: Evidences from the Chinese Stock Exchanged Market

The purpose of this study is to examine the relevance of fair value accounting measurement for investment in securities. We use three measurements for fair value: net asset based on fair value per share (FV), fair value adjusted amount per share (FVAD) and fair value adjusted investment gain and loss in earnings per share (HOLDG). Our sample is composed of Chinese listed companies from period 2006 to the end of 2008. The empirical result shows that first, there is the relevance between stock price and fair value measured information. Second, the explanation power of fair value measures for stock price fluctuation in the listed companies, Third, There are distinct relativity between volatility of return of stock and fair value measured information.
Prehospital transportation decisions for patients sustaining major trauma in road traffic crashes: A comparison between US and Sweden

In 2012, road traffic crashes (RTCs) accounted for almost a quarter of injury deaths in the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in 2013 RTCs killed 1.25 million people. Therefore, RTCs became the tenth leading cause of death in the world, and the leading cause of death among children and young people below the age of 45. Currently in Sweden, there does not exist trauma care system similar to the system established in the US. However, University Hospitals in Sweden provide a high level of care comparable to trauma centers (TCs) in US. Thus, a comparison between Sweden and US, with a well established trauma care system, may contribute to establish major trauma destination policies in Sweden. The data were selected from the National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System (NASS-CDS) and Swedish TRaffic Accident Data Acquisition (STRADA) database for US and Sweden, respectively. The data from RTCs that occurred from 2010 to 2015 were analysed. For the given years there were a total of 10 289 patients from RTCs reported by the police in US and 31 415 patients reported by police and hospitals in Sweden. The chi-square test was conducted to test statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences between the proportion of patients sustaining minor trauma compared to patients sustaining major trauma, differences between the proportion of patients sustaining major trauma and transported to a TC versus a non trauma center (nonTC), for each country and between both countries. Furthermore, the chi-square test was performed to find statistically significant differences between the proportion of patients transported to TC versus non-TC for each ISS group. The variables that were analysed for both countries were sex, age and location (rural or urban area). In addition, an analysis of race and BMI level was conducted for the US. Due to lack of data, the analysis of race and BMI for Sweden was not possible. The proportion of patients sustaining minor trauma and transported to TC were 55.7% and 19.1% in US and Sweden, respectively. The proportion of patients sustaining major trauma and transported to TC were 87.6% in US and 31.9% in Sweden. The conducted study indicate that in Sweden many RTCs patients with severe injuries are transported to a hospital with a lower level of care. This may be caused by undertriage or by lack of formal designated trauma care system and major trauma destination policies in Sweden. The opposite situation is presented in US, where observed results indicate low undertriage but at the price of high overtriage, which may be linked to the field triage protocol where it is stated that “When in doubt, transport to a trauma center”. This study offers a unique insight into the rate of prehospital transportation decisions for RTCs and points out the large differences between US and Sweden.
A communication link analysis based on biological implant wireless body area networks

The rapid growth in remote healthcare services and biomedical demands has seen novel developments in wireless body area networks (WBANs). The WBAN can be seen as an integration of intelligent networks, which permits devices and sensors to work together to obtain a series of critical physiological parameters, such as blood flow velocity and heartbeat frequency. Analysis of WBAN radio frequency communication systems is the key factor and the critical research challenge that determines system performance, such as achievable transmission distance, data rate and so forth. The human head is an area of particular potential in WBAN design that is worthy of attracting more attention than its limited literature to date. This paper is primarily focused on the one of the most detailed comprehensive multi-modal imagingbased anatomical human head models. This is a multimodal imaging-based detailed anatomical model, denoted by the acronym MIDA, this features 153 structures at a high resolution of up to 500 μm, including numerous distinct muscles, bones and skull layers in the license-free 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. It presents and compares a set of advanced simulation methods and then proposes a path loss simulation flat phantom, semi-empirical path loss models for typical homogeneous tissues and the anatomical human head MIDA model. The bit error rate (BER) performances of the MIDA model fading channel using Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) and Pulse-Amplitude Modulation (PAM) are obtained. Furthermore, achievable transmission distances for several data rates for predetermined acceptable BERs are accomplished. The results show that PAM promises longer transmission distances than BPSK when using both high and low data rates. The proposed communication systems can be applied to optimize implantation communication system scenarios and biotelemetry applications.