Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of adding a supervised physical therapy exercise program to photobiomodulation therapy in the treatment of cervicogenic somatosensory tinnitus: A randomized controlled study

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of adding a supervised physical therapy exercise program to photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the treatment of cervicogenic somatosensory tinnitus (CST). Methods: Forty patients suffering from CST with age 45–55 years were included in the study. They were assigned randomly into 2 groups, 20 per each. (Study group) Group (A) received a supervised physical therapy exercise program in addition to 20 minutes PBMT with a 650-nanometer wavelength and a 5 milliWatt power output, spot size of 1 cm2, and energy density of 6 Joules, 3 sessions per week for 8 consecutive weeks, plus traditional medical treatment. While (control group), group (B) received the same PBMT protocol, 3 sessions per week for 8 consecutive weeks in addition to the traditional medical treatment. Tinnitus visual analog scaling (VAS), tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), and cervical range of motion (ROM) were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. Results: Mixed MANOVA showed a statistically significant reduction in tinnitus VAS, THI, and a significant improvement in cervical ROM (flexion, extension, right bending, left bending, right rotation, and left rotation) in favor of Group A (P < .05). There was a significant decrease in posttreatment VAS treatment (P > .001) MD [−2.05(−2.68:−1.41)], and THI relative to pretreatment mean difference [−5.35(−8.51: −2.19)] and a significant increase in posttreatment neck ROM in Groups A and B relative to pretreatment neck ROM (P > .001). Flexion range posttreatment MD[3.65(1.64:5.65)], Extension MD [6.55(1.35:11.75)], right bending MD[3.8(2.51:5.08)], left bending MD[1.75(0.19:3.3)], right rotation MD [3.5(1.28:5.71)] and left rotation [2.75(0.67:4.82)]. Conclusions: Adding a supervised physical therapy exercise program to PBMT showed positive and beneficial effects in the treatment of CST using VAS, THI, and Cervical ROM assessment tools.
Traumatic injury mortality prediction (TRIMP-ICDX): A new comprehensive evaluation model according to the ICD-10-CM codes

Various assessment methods based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM), such as ICD-10-CM Injury Severity Score (ICISS), trauma mortality prediction model (TMPM-ICD10), and injury mortality prediction (IMP-ICDX), are purely anatomic trauma assessment, which need to be further improved. Traumatic injury mortality prediction (TRIMP-ICDX) is a comprehensive assessment method based on anatomic injuries and incorporating available information to determine whether it is superior to Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) and IMP-ICDX in predicting trauma outcomes. This retrospective cohort study was based on data from 704,287 trauma patients admitted to 710 trauma centers in the National Trauma Data Bank of the United States in 2016. The TRIMP-ICDX was established using anatomical injury, physiological reserves, and physiological response indicators. Its performance was compared with the IMP-ICDX and TRISS by examining the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, HL), and the Akaike information criterion (AIC). The TRIMP-ICDX showed significantly better discrimination (AUCTRIMP-ICDX 0.968; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.966–0.970, AUCTRISS 0.922; 95% CI, 0.918–0.925, and AUCIMP-ICDX 0.894; 95% CI, 0.890–0.899), better calibration (HLTRIMP-ICDX 5.6; 95% CI, 3.0–8.0, HLTRISS 72.7; 95% CI, 38.4–104.5, and HLIMP-ICDX 53.1; 95% CI, 26.6–77.8), and a lower AIC (AICTRIMP-ICDX 24,774, AICTRISS 30,753, and AICIMP-ICDX 32,780) compared with TRISS and IMP-ICDX. Similar results were found in statistical comparisons among different body regions. As a comprehensive evaluation method based on the ICD-10-CM lexicon TRIMP-ICDX is significantly better than IMP-ICDX and TRISS with respect to both discriminative power and calibration. The TRIMP-ICDX should become a research method for the comprehensive evaluation of trauma severity.
Prevalence of stress among nursing students: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: Our main purpose is to evaluate the prevalence of stress among nursing students systematically. Methods: Adhering to the preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, we carefully searched ten databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, and China Biomedical Literature Service System, to collect cross-sectional studies on nursing students. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. Results: From 1397 studies, 27 cross-sectional studies were included, including 7116 subjects. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of low-level stress was 0.24% [95% CI (0.24% to 0.25%)], the prevalence of middle level stress was 0.35% [95% CI (0.35% to 0.35%)], and the prevalence of high-level stress was 0.10% [95% CI (0.10% to 0.10%)]. The results of subgroup analysis showed that stress levels are different in different genders, diagnostic criteria for stress, years of publication, and regions. Conclusions: This review identified the stress levels of nursing interns, which were mainly moderate. This result makes nursing administrators and nursing educators pay more attention to the mental health problems of nursing interns, which can actively take measures to promote the physical and mental health of nursing students, improve the quality of nursing students’ practice, and further promote the development of the nursing profession.
Effects of a cognitive rehabilitation program based on mnemonic skills and memory compensatory strategies for older adults: A pilot study

Background: With the aging of the population, the number of people with age-related memory complaints has also increased. The purpose of this study was to develop a cognitive rehabilitation program based on mnemonic skills and memory compensatory strategies (CRM) and to investigate the effects of CRM in community-dwelling older adults without dementia. Methods: This study was an open-label, single-arm, pilot study. We developed a CRM program comprising 8 weekly sessions. The study participants consisted of older adults with normal cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). They were recruited from eight dementia counseling centers and one senior welfare center. To assess the effects of CRM, we administered the following tests at baseline and after completion of the program: Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire, the Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale, the Euro Quality of life–5 Dimension, and the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropsychological Assessment Battery. Results: Thirty-two participants completed the study. Among older adults with normal cognitive function, CRM showed significant improvement in verbal memory function. Among the older adults with MCI, CRM showed significant improvements in language ability, verbal recognition memory, nonverbal memory, attention, and processing speed. Conclusion: CRM improved cognitive function in two distinct populations, older adults with normal cognitive function and older adults with MCI. Additionally, our preliminary findings suggest that older adults with MCI show cognitive improvement in both the trained and non-trained cognitive domains.
Efficient Crystal Structure Prediction for Structurally Related Molecules with Accurate and Transferable Tailor-Made Force Fields

Crystal structure prediction (CSP) is generally used to complement experimental solid form screening and applied to individual molecules in drug development. The fast development of algorithms and computing resources offers the opportunity to use CSP earlier and for a broader range of applications in the drug design cycle. This study presents a novel paradigm of CSP specifically designed for structurally related molecules, referred to as Quick-CSP. The approach prioritizes more accurate physics through robust and transferable tailor-made force fields (TMFFs), such that significant efficiency gains are achieved through the reduction of expensive ab initio calculations. The accuracy of the TMFF is increased by the introduction of electrostatic multipoles, and the fragment-based force field parameterization scheme is demonstrated to be transferable for a family of chemically related molecules. The protocol is benchmarked with structurally related compounds from the Bromodomain and Extraterminal (BET) domain inhibitors series. A new convergence criterion is introduced that aims at performing only as many ab initio optimizations of crystal structures as required to locate the bottom of the crystal energy landscape within a user-defined accuracy. The overall approach provides significant cost savings ranging from three- to eight-fold less than the full-CSP workflow. The reported advancements expand the scope and utility of the underlying CSP building blocks as well as their novel reassembly to other applications earlier in the drug design cycle to guide molecule design and selection.
New insight into the production improvement and resource generation of chaetoglobosin A in Chaetomium globosum

Chaetoglobosin A is a complex macrocyclic alkaloid with potent antimycotic, antiparasitic and antitumor properties. However, the low output and high cost of chaetoglobosin A biosynthesis have hampered the application and commercialization of chaetoglobosin A in agriculture and biomedicine. Here, the CgMfs1 gene, which encodes the major facilitator superfamily secondary transporter, was identified based on bioinformatics analysis, and an intensive study of its effects on chaetoglobosin A biosynthesis and secretion was performed using CgMfs1‐silencing and CgMfs1‐overexpression strategies. Inactivation of CgMfs1 caused a notable decrease in chaetoglobosin A yield from 58.66 mg/L to 19.95 mg/L (MFS1–3) and 17.13 mg/L (MFS1–4). The use of an efficient expression plasmid in Chaetomium globosum W7 to generate the overexpression mutant OEX13 resulted in the highest chaetoglobosin A increase to 298.77 mg/L. Interestingly, the transcription level of the polyketide synthase gene significantly fluctuated with the change in CgMfs1, confirming that the predicted efflux gene CgMfs1 could play a crucial role in chaetoglobosin A transportation. Effective efflux of chaetoglobosin A could possibly alleviate feedback inhibition, resulting in notable increase in the expression of the polyketide synthase gene. Furthermore, we utilized cornstalk as the fermentation substrate to produce chaetoglobosin A, and scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy revealed that the strain OEX13 could well degrade cornstalk, presenting significant increases in the chaetoglobosin A yield, when compared with that produced by the wild‐type strain (from 40.32 to 191.90 mg/L). Thus, this research provides a novel analogous engineering strategy for the construction of high‐yielding strain and offers new insight into large‐scale chaetoglobosin A production.
Calculating the power to examine treatment‐covariate interactions when planning an individual participant data meta‐analysis of randomized trials with a binary outcome

Before embarking on an individual participant data meta‐analysis (IPDMA) project, researchers and funders need assurance it is worth their time and cost. This should include consideration of how many studies are promising their IPD and, given the characteristics of these studies, the power of an IPDMA including them. Here, we show how to estimate the power of a planned IPDMA of randomized trials to examine treatment‐covariate interactions at the participant level (ie, treatment effect modifiers). We focus on a binary outcome with binary or continuous covariates, and propose a three‐step approach, which assumes the true interaction size is common to all trials. In step one, the user must specify a minimally important interaction size and, for each trial separately (eg, as obtained from trial publications), the following aggregate data: the number of participants and events in control and treatment groups, the mean and SD for each continuous covariate, and the proportion of participants in each category for each binary covariate. This allows the variance of the interaction estimate to be calculated for each trial, using an analytic solution for Fisher's information matrix from a logistic regression model. Step 2 calculates the variance of the summary interaction estimate from the planned IPDMA (equal to the inverse of the sum of the inverse trial variances from step 1), and step 3 calculates the corresponding power based on a two‐sided Wald test. Stata and R code are provided, and two examples given for illustration. Extension to allow for between‐study heterogeneity is also considered.
Thermal stabilization of diverse biologics using reversible hydrogels

Improving the thermal stability of biologics, including vaccines, is critical to reduce the economic costs and health risks associated with the cold chain. Here, we designed a versatile, safe, and easy-to-use reversible PEG-based hydrogel platform formed via dynamic covalent boronic ester cross-linking for the encapsulation, stabilization, and on-demand release of biologics. Using these reversible hydrogels, we thermally stabilized a wide range of biologics up to 65°C, including model enzymes, heat-sensitive clinical diagnostic enzymes (DNA gyrase and topoisomerase I), protein-based vaccines (H5N1 hemagglutinin), and whole viruses (adenovirus type 5). Our data support a generalized protection mechanism for the thermal stabilization of diverse biologics using direct encapsulation in reversible hydrogels. Furthermore, preliminary toxicology data suggest that the components of our hydrogel are safe for in vivo use. Our reversible hydrogel platform offers a simple material solution to mitigate the costs and risks associated with reliance on a continuous cold chain for biologic transport and storage.
Vision-based Hand Recognition Based on ToF Depth Camera

Abstract The current gesture recognition methods mostly adopt the classification-based approaches such as Neural Network (NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Hidden Markov Model (HMM) etc. As for the input image features, most research studies combined the color and depth images (ex. RGB-D) to obtain more accurate information of hand area, and such techniques may cost high computational resources and energy consumptions. To provide a low-cost gesture recognition method for wearable devices, this thesis used merely the Time-of-Flight depth camera to achieve a lightweight gesture recognition method. In most traditional gesture recognition methods, users have to wear gloves or bracelets to let depth cameras being able to accurately capture hands areas, and so that the hand contours, palm’s distances, and angle feature can be obtained. Moreover, the Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) algorithm, which is adopted in most gesture recognition approaches, costs high computational times. In this study, to avoid wearing gloves or bracelets, we propose a new algorithm that can compute the wrist cutting edges and capture the palm areas. In addition, this thesis proposes an efficient finger detection algorithm to judge the number of fingers, and significantly reduce the computing times. In the experimental results, our proposed method achieves a recognition rate of 90% and the performance has 5 frames per second on NVIDIA TX1 embedded platforms.
Asymmetrical forward and reverse developmental trajectories determine molecular programs of B cell antigen receptor editing

During B lymphopoiesis, B cell progenitors progress through alternating and mutually exclusive stages of clonal expansion and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements. Great diversity is generated through the stochastic recombination of Ig gene segments encoding heavy and light chain variable domains. However, this commonly generates autoreactivity. Receptor editing is the predominant tolerance mechanism for self-reactive B cells in the bone marrow (BM). B cell receptor editing rescues autoreactive B cells from negative selection through renewed light chain recombination first at Igκ then Igλ loci. Receptor editing depends on BM microenvironment cues and key transcription factors such as NF-κB, FOXO, and E2A. The specific BM factor required for receptor editing is unknown. Furthermore, how transcription factors coordinate these developmental programs to promote usage of the λ chain remains poorly defined. Therefore, we used two mouse models that recapitulate pathways by which Igλ light chain–positive B cells develop. The first has deleted J kappa (Jκ) genes and hence models Igλ expression resulting from failed Igκ recombination (Igκdel). The second models autoreactivity by ubiquitous expression of a single-chain chimeric anti-Igκ antibody (κ-mac). Here, we demonstrated that autoreactive B cells transit asymmetric forward and reverse developmental trajectories. This imparted a unique epigenetic landscape on small pre-B cells, which opened chromatin to transcription factors essential for Igλ recombination. The consequences of this asymmetric developmental path were both amplified and complemented by CXCR4 signaling. These findings reveal how intrinsic molecular programs integrate with extrinsic signals to drive receptor editing. Description The molecular pathways of BCR editing consist of a unique epigenetic landscape activated and amplified by both BCR and CXCR4 signals. The developmental back and forth of autoreactive B cells To purge the immunoglobulin repertoire of autoreactivity, B cells edit their antigen receptors in the bone marrow (BM). The BM factors needed for receptor editing and how specific transcription factors promote receptor editing remain unclear. Here, Okoreeh et al. used mice that modeled autoreactivity by expressing a ubiquitous anti-Igκ monobody. Autoreactive immature B cells edited by dedifferentiating toward the small pre-B cell stage along a unique epigenetic developmental pathway that opened both Igl editor genes to recombination and specific enhancers to transcription factors necessary for receptor editing. This then dictated a unique transcriptional program upon forward differentiation. CXCL12 signaling through CXCR4 provided the BM signal required for receptor editing. Thus, the unique back and forth developmental path of BM autoreactive B cells enables receptor editing.
An in vivo critically colonised wound model with dysbiotic wound microbiota

In critically colonised wounds, many of the signs of infection are often absent, and delayed healing may be the only clinical sign. The prevention of critical colonisation is important, but its pathophysiology has not yet been elucidated. We have previously reported that dysbiotic microbiota dissimilar to the peri‐wound skin microbiota may develop in critically colonised wounds. To investigate the role of dysbiotic microbiota, this study aimed to develop a critically colonised wound model by transplantation of dysbiotic microbiota. To transplant microbiota, a bacterial solution (dysbiosis group) or with Luria‐Bertani medium (commensal group) was inoculated to full‐thickness wounds of rats. The bacterial solution was prepared by anaerobically culturing bacteria from donor rats on an artificial dermis in Luria‐Bertani medium for 72 hours. As a result, the degree of the change in the microbial similarity between pre‐ and post‐transplantation of microbiota was significantly higher in the dysbiosis group (P < .001). No signs of infection were observed in any rat in either group. The wound area in the dysbiosis group was significantly larger (P < .001), and there was a significant infiltration of neutrophils (P < .001). All rats of the dysbiosis group represented the clinical features of critically colonised wounds. Furthermore, there were significantly fewer regulatory T cells in the wounds of the dysbiosis group. This is the first study to develop a novel animal model that represents the clinical features of critically colonised wounds and will be useful in investigating the pathogenesis of critical colonisation via regulatory T cells.
Cap‐independent translation of GPLD1 enhances markers of brain health in long‐lived mutant and drug‐treated mice

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐specific phospholipase D1 (GPLD1) hydrolyzes inositol phosphate linkages in proteins anchored to the cell membrane. Mice overexpressing GPLD1 show enhanced neurogenesis and cognition. Snell dwarf (DW) and growth hormone receptor knockout (GKO) mice show delays in age‐dependent cognitive decline. We hypothesized that augmented GPLD1 might contribute to retained cognitive function in these mice. We report that DW and GKO show higher GPLD1 levels in the liver and plasma. These mice also have elevated levels of hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and of doublecortin (DCX), suggesting a mechanism for maintenance of cognitive function at older ages. GPLD1 was not increased in the hippocampus of DW or GKO mice, suggesting that plasma GPLD1 increases elevated these brain proteins. Alteration of the liver and plasma GPLD1 was unaltered in mice with liver‐specific GHR deletion, suggesting that the GH effect was not intrinsic to the liver. GPLD1 was also induced by caloric restriction and by each of four drugs that extend lifespan. The proteome of DW and GKO mice is molded by selective translation of mRNAs, involving cap‐independent translation (CIT) of mRNAs marked by N6 methyladenosine. Because GPLD1 protein increases were independent of the mRNA level, we tested the idea that GPLD1 might be regulated by CIT. 4EGI‐1, which enhances CIT, increased GPLD1 protein without changes in GPLD1 mRNA in cultured fibroblasts and mice. Furthermore, transgenic overexpression of YTHDF1, which promotes CIT by reading m6A signals, also led to increased GPLD1 protein, showing that elevation of GPLD1 reflects selective mRNA translation.
Collective Action and Provider Classification in the Sharing Economy

Conditions in the sharing economy are often favourably designed for consumers and platforms but entail new challenges for the labour side, such as substandard social‐security and rigid forms of algorithmic management. Since comparatively little is known about how providers in the sharing economy make their voices heard collectively, we investigate their opinions and behaviours regarding collective action and perceived solidarities. Using cluster analysis on representative data from across 12 European countries, we determine five distinct types of labour‐activists, ranging from those opposed to any forms of collective action to those enthusiastic to organise and correct perceived wrongs. We conclude by conjecturing that the still‐ongoing influx of new providers, the difficulty of organising in purely virtual settings, combined with the narrative of voluntariness of participation and hedonic gratifications might be responsible for the inaction of large parts of the provider base in collectivist activities.
Improvement in productivity by application of a slat conveyor design in a steel rolling mill

This work introduces a novel approach to handle heated ingots without lowering down their temperature and productivity of the finished billets. The design and development of slat conveyor for angular trajectory improved the handling of heated ingots in a lot and subsequently improved mechanical properties of finished billet. Hereafter; a detailed cost and replacement analysis was performed to replace the idle or non-functioning assets by working or new resources. The critical analysis of cost includes various items such as plant running cost, replacement cost, increased output cost and total cost. A significant improvement was noticed in the plant efficiency and balance sheet after implementing the proposed slat conveyor model. Design software Pro-E was used to design the slat conveyor before implementation and subsequent cost analysis.