Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on target damage assessment method based on mask R-CNN

Aiming at the difficulty of multi-target damage assessment in complex environment, a target damage assessment method based on Mask R-CNN is proposed. In the method, the pre-training weights are obtained by Mask R-CNN model, and the parameters of the Mask R-CNN backbone network are initialized according to the target size and damage scene. The initialized parameter of Mask R-CNN backbone network is improved based on the pre-training weight. The method solves the problem that a single target can’t provide accurate damage assessment effect. Through simulation experiments of multi-target damage, the reliability and accuracy of the method are improved obviously.
Efficacy of alternative herbicides to glyphosate in the weed control in glyphosate and sulfonylurea-tolerant soybean

It is believed that ALS inhibitor herbicides in combination with ACCase inhibitors can be used as an alternative to glyphosate in weed control in RR2/STS soybeans. In the present study, the efficacy of ALS inhibitor herbicides, in combination with haloxyfop, is evaluated in the control of weeds for post-emergence application (V4) of RR/STS soybeans. The experiment is carried out in the 2017/18 season in Piracicaba, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. The cultivar BMX Garra RR2/STS is used, and the treatments were composed by the application of ALS inhibitor herbicides in association with haloxyfop. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. Were evaluated control and dry mass of weeds, symptoms of injury in soybean plants and yield. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were compared by the Tukey test. Visual symptoms of injury were observed in soybean plants, mainly for the application of nicosulfuron and nicosulfuron + cloransulam. Soybean yield was higher in all herbicide treatments compared to the control without weeding. Associations between ALS inhibitor herbicides and haloxyfop applied post-emergence (V4) of soybean cultivar BMX Garra RR2/STS were effective in weed control.
Development of a Bayesian belief network for the diagnosis of ventricular arrhythmias

Ventricular extrasystoles (VE) are considered the most dangerous type of heart rhythm disorders for human life, their timely detection, diagnosis and prevention are urgent issues of cardiology. In order to ensure the objectivity of diagnosis of VE, it is necessary to process a large amount of information related to the results of various medical studies, tests, anamnesis, accompanying diseases, etc., along with a long-term Holter ECG monitor. In order to process such a large amount of information and make a correct diagnosis, the issue of applying medical expert systems (MES) to doctors is currently relevant. ESs using probabilistic models based on Bayes' theorem are currently preferred because there are uncertainties in medical diagnosis issues that the same symptoms may be related to different diseases. The object of this study is the development and construction of a Bayesian belief network (BBN) for the purpose of diagnosing VEs. The choice of BBN is justified by the fact that they have the ability to combine several types of information, as well as the ability to manage uncertainties and work with incomplete information. The result of the application of the developed BBN is a probabilistic assessment of the diagnosis of VE. This network was built in the NETICA system from Norsys Software Corp. A distinctive feature of this work is that when compiling the table of conditional probabilities of BBN for the diagnosis of VE, together with the results of ECG and echo-ECG studies, data on the influence of additional factors that play a role in the occurrence of VE were used, such as the index of oxygen saturation of erythrocytes in the blood, changes in the thickness of the intima-media layer of the aortic artery and the amount of lipid fractions of blood plasma
A Nomogram to Better Predict the In-Hospital Mortality of Trauma Patients with Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit

Background Trauma has a high incidence and mortality worldwide, and sepsis is one of the main causes of mortality in trauma patients. Therefore, it is essential to identify the risk factors of in-hospital mortality for trauma patients with sepsis. Methods Data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database and divided into a training set and internal validation set, and another Chinese dataset was used as external validation set. Then, risk factors were estimated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses in the training set. Finally, a nomogram was created to predict the probability of in-hospital mortality for trauma patients with sepsis. Results A total of 503 patients were enrolled in our study (335 in the training set and 168 in the validation set). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (1.047 [1.025–1.071]), respiratory rate (1.258 [1.135–1.394]), PTT (1.026 [1.008–1.044]), ventilation (6.703 [1.528–29.408]), and vasopressor use (3.682 [1.502–9.025]) were independent factors associated with in-hospital mortality. The nomogram for trauma-related sepsis predicted in-hospital mortality with AUC values of 0.8939 in the training set, 0.8200 in the internal validation set, and 0.7779 in the external validation set. Conclusions The new nomogram has a well predicted value for in-hospital mortality for patients with trauma and sepsis in intensive care units.
Knowledge About COVID-19 Symptoms, Transmission, and Prevention: The Relationship With Cognitive Status in Older Adults

Objective: Advanced age poses an increased risk for cognitive impairment, and therefore, poor knowledge regarding the risks associated with COVID-19 may confer vulnerability. We administered a COVID-19 Knowledge Questionnaire to older persons to evaluate the association between knowledge regarding public health recommendations, and cognitive status as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Method: Ninety-nine participants completed a 22-item questionnaire about COVID-19 symptoms, risks, and protective strategies, and they also completed the MoCA. Associations between knowledge and cognitive status were examined via Spearman correlations. Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 72.6 (7.6) years, and MoCA scores averaged 23.4 (4.5) points. Higher MoCA total scores were significantly (p < .001) correlated with a greater number of correct questionnaire responses. Higher Orientation and Memory Index scores were moderately associated with an increased number of correct responses (p < .001), with the Executive Index exhibiting a significant albeit weaker association. MoCA Index scores assessing attention, language, and visuospatial functioning were not significantly associated with COVID-19 knowledge. Conclusions: Given the rapid transmission rate of the SARS CoV-2 infections, COVID knowledge lapses will likely have deleterious repercussions. Public health messages should ensure effective acquisition and retention of COVID specific information, especially in cognitively compromised older adults.
B FGMAC : breadth - first frequent subgraph mining with ARC consistency

The paper presents a new projection operator for graphs named AC-projection, which exhibits nice theoretical complexity properties unlike to the graph isomorphism operator typically used in graph mining. We study the size of the search space as well as some practical properties of the projection operator. We also introduce a novel breadth-first algorithm for frequent AC-reduced subgraphs mining. Then, we prove experimentally that we can achieve an important performance gain (polynomial complexity projection) without or with non-significant loss of discovered patterns in terms of quality.
A developed multibody knee model for unloading knee with cartilage penetration depth control

Unloader knee braces could relieve pain by decreasing the medial knee loading. Particularly for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients, this study investigates the relevance of the knee model after identifying the most influential parameter. Since KOA causes the cartilage in a joint to lose its elasticity and thickness, the lack of normal bone-to-bone separation can be painful. We believe that cartilage penetration depth control is an impactful strategy in this research. Moreover, the knee contact force in KOA is fewer than in healthy knees, confirming that the contact force control cannot be a straight factor. Therefore, a biomechanical human knee model is developed, and a generic procedure for dynamic analysis of contact problems in combination with the musculoskeletal model is introduced. The developed model includes the geometric expression of collision curves and an algorithm for determining collision points. This presentation addresses cartilage penetration depth and contact force calculation through nonlinear discontinuous contact law. In view of this, femur and tibia’s relative motion is analyzed through the combined collision reactions of cartilage and bone in the knee. In the simulation, maximum penetration depth in a healthy knee is reported to be 0.795 mm, while in a 75% KOA is 0.521 mm, including 0.5 mm cartilage-cartilage contact and 0.021 mm bone-bone contact. The top unloading 852 N is achieved, reducing penetration depth to 0.45 mm, avoiding bone-bone contact. This proposed procedure with low computation gives us a suitable analysis method for designing knee assistive devices.
Shear‐Velocity Structure and Dynamics Beneath the Sicily Channel and Surrounding Regions of the Central Mediterranean Inferred From Seismic Surface Waves

The evolution of the Sicily Channel Rift Zone (SCRZ) is thought to accommodate the regional tectonic stresses of the Calabrian subduction system. Much of the observations we have today are either limited to the surface or to the upper crust or deeper from regional seismic tomography, missing important details about the lithospheric structure and dynamics. It is unclear whether the rifting is passive from far‐field extensional stresses or active from mantle upwelling beneath. We measure Rayleigh‐and Love‐wave phase velocities from ambient seismic noise and invert for 3‐D shear‐velocity and radial anisotropic models. Variations in crustal S‐velocities coincide with topographic and tectonic features. The Tyrrhenian Sea has a ∼10 km thin crust, followed by the SCRZ (∼20 km). The thickest crust is beneath the Apennine‐Maghrebian Mountains (∼55 km). Areas experiencing extension and intraplate volcanism have positive crustal radial anisotropy (VSH > VSV); areas experiencing compression and subduction‐related volcanism have negative anisotropy. The crustal anisotropy across the Channel shows the extent of the extension. Beneath the Tyrrhenian Sea, we find very low sub‐Moho S‐velocities. In contrast, the SCRZ has a thin mantle lithosphere underlain by a low‐velocity zone. The lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary rises from 60 km depth beneath Tunisia to ∼33 km beneath the SCRZ. Negative radial anisotropy in the upper mantle beneath the SCRZ is consistent with vertical mantle flow. We hypothesize a more active mantle upwelling beneath the rift than previously thought from an interplay between poloidal and toroidal fluxes related to the Calabrian slab, which in turn produces uplift at the surface and induces volcanism.
Synthesis of two‐dimensional materials: How computational studies can help?

The scalable preparation of high‐quality and low‐cost two‐dimensional (2D) materials is critical to achieving their potential applications in various fields. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is considered the most promising method for producing ultrathin 2D materials and has continued to develop in recent years. First‐principles calculations have provided important theoretical guidance for the CVD synthesis of 2D materials, and have played an increasingly important role in the field of material synthesis in recent years. In this review, we present recent advances in the growth mechanism of 2D materials, focusing on the theoretical research progress of four typical 2D materials: graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC), and phosphorene. Several aspects of the growth process are discussed in detail, including the decomposition of precursors, nucleation, growth kinetics, domain shape, and epitaxial and alignment of 2D crystals. Based on the understanding of these atomic‐scale growth processes, strategies toward the wafer‐scale growth of continuous and homogeneous 2D thin films are proposed and confirmed by experiments. In the final section, we summarize future challenges and opportunities in the computational studies of the growth mechanism of 2D materials.
New nanocomposite membranes based on polybenzimidazole with improved fuel cell performance at high temperatures

In this work, proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) with incorporation of acidic Fe3O4@SiO2@RF (resorcinol–formaldehyde)–SO3H nanoparticles are produced. The effects of the core@double-shell nanoparticles on the fuel cell performance of the PBI membrane are examined. The obtained results demonstrate that the proton conductivity of the PBI-Fe3O4@SiO2@RF–SO3H nanocomposite membranes increases. The interactions of Fe3O4@SiO2@RF–SO3H nanoparticles in the PBI matrix (which contains phosphoric acid) have strong effects on proton conductivity. The best proton conductivity of 170 mS cm−1 is obtained in the nanocomposite membrane at 180 °C. The potential for the use of these nanocomposite membranes with improved fuel cell performance in high-temperature applications is confirmed.
Incremental sheet forming process : control and modelling

Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) is a progressive metal forming process, where the deformation occurs locally around the point of contact between a tool and the metal sheet. The final work-piece is formed cumulatively by the movements of the tool, which is usually attached to a CNC milling machine. The ISF process is dieless in nature and capable of producing different parts of geometries with a universal tool. The tooling cost of ISF can be as low as 5–10% compared to the conventional sheet metal forming processes. On the laboratory scale, the accuracy of the parts created by ISF is between ±1.5 mm and ±3mm. However, in order for ISF to be competitive with a stamping process, an accuracy of below ±1.0 mm and more realistically below ±0.2 mm would be needed. In this work, we first studied the ISF deformation process by a simplified phenomenal linear model and employed a predictive controller to obtain an optimised tool trajectory in the sense of minimising the geometrical deviations between the targeted shape and the shape made by the ISF process. The algorithm is implemented at a rig in Cambridge University and the experimental results demonstrate the ability of the model predictive controller (MPC) strategy. We can achieve the deviation errors around ±0.2 mm for a number of simple geometrical shapes with our controller. The limitations of the underlying linear model for a highly nonlinear problem lead us to study the ISF process by a physics based model. We use the elastoplastic constitutive relation to model the material law and the contact mechanics with Signorini’s type of boundary conditions to model the process, resulting in an infinite dimensional system described by a partial differential equation. We further developed the computational method to solve the proposed mathematical model by using an augmented Lagrangian method in function space and discretising by finite element method. The preliminary results demonstrate the possibility of using this model for optimal controller design.
Training and Approximation of a Primal Multiclass Support Vector Machine

We revisit the multiclass support vector machine (SVM) and generalize the formulation to convex loss functions and joint feature maps. Motivated by recent work [Chapelle, 2006] we use logistic loss and softmax to enable gradient based primal optimization. Kernels are incorporated via kernel principal component analysis (KPCA), which naturally leads to approximation methods for large scale problems. We investigate similarities and differences to previous multiclass SVM approaches. Experimental comparisons to previous approaches and to the popular one-vs-rest SVM are presented on several different datasets.
Contact Topology and Hydrodynamics

We draw connections between the field of contact topology and the study of Beltrami fields in hydrodynamics on Riemannian manifolds in dimension three. We demonstrate an equivalence between Reeb fields (vector fields which preserve a transverse nowhere-integrable plane field) up to scaling and rotational Beltrami fields on three-manifolds. Thus, we characterise Beltrami fields in a metric-independant manner. This correspondence yields a hydrodynamical reformulation of the Weinstein Conjecture, whose recent solution by Hofer (in several cases) implies the existence of closed orbits for all $C^\infty$ rotational Beltrami flows on $S^3$. This is the key step for a positive solution to the hydrodynamical Seifert Conjecture: all $C^\omega$ steady state flows of a perfect incompressible fluid on $S^3$ possess closed flowlines. In the case of Euler flows on $T^3$, we give general conditions for closed flowlines derived from the homotopy data of the normal bundle to the flow.
Damage Detection Test of GFRP Composite Civil Materials Based on Piezoelectric Ceramic Sensors

The piezoelectric ceramic sensor was fixed on Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) composite civil materials, using the external paste method for damage detection test. The effect of the depth and number of cracks on the surface of the GFRP specimen on the signal received by the piezoelectric ceramic sensor was studied. The time-domain signal graph and energy graph based on wavelet packet were drawn, combining the active induction method and the energy method based on wavelet packet. It is found that the greater the damage degree of GFRP specimens, the smaller the voltage value of the signal, the smaller the energy of the signal, and the greater the damage index based on wavelet packet. The results showed that the active induction method can be used to collect the data of GFRP specimens by piezoelectric ceramic sensor. The collected data are processed by using the damage index principle based on wavelet packet. The maximum voltage value of the specimen, the energy of wavelet packet, and the damage index based on wavelet packet can all accurately judge the damage change of GFRP specimens. The active induction method based on piezoelectric ceramic sensor can detect the damage change of GFRP specimens in real time. It provides an effective method for damage analysis of GFRP composite civil materials.
Clinical and molecular profiling of AML patients with chromosome 7 or 7q deletions in the context of TP53 alterations and venetoclax treatment

Abstract Deletions in chromosome 7 (del(7)) or its long arm (del(7q)) constitute the most common adverse cytogenetic events in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We retrospectively analyzed 243 treatment-naive patients with AML and del(7) (168/243; 69%) or del(7q) (75/243; 31%) who did not receive any myeloid-directed therapy prior to AML diagnosis. This is the largest comprehensive clinical and molecular analysis of AML patients with del(7) and del(7q). Our results show that relapse-free survival was significantly longer for AML patients with del(7q) compared to del(7), but the overall survival and remission duration were similar. TP53 mutations and del5/5q were the most frequent co-occurring mutations and cytogenetic abnormalities, and conferred worse outcomes in del(7) and del(7q) patients. Venetoclax-based treatments were associated with worse outcomes in TP53 mutated AML patients with del(7) or del(7q), as well as del(7) with TP53 wildtype status, requiring further investigation.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Toxoplasma infection during childhood may cause severe effects for children and the next offspring if does not treat. Here, we initiated a systematic review to estimate the global prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Iraqi children. From all databases for articles published between January 2000 and March 2021 and included studies that related the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in children (1 day – 15 years), the overall prevalence rate of Toxoplasmosis was evaluated with a 95% CI in globally and WHO regions. This result was performed as linear regression analyses to detect associations of the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis with the overall population number. As a result, 63 articles included 29342 children from 18 countries incorporated in the systematic analysis. The total globally prevalence rate of Toxoplasma in children was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.195 – 0.204 %). The prevalence rate was so highest in the Africa region 0.28 % (95%CI: 0.5- 0.55%) and lowest in the South America and USA regions 0.166% (95% CI: 0.01 – 0.33%). The prevalence rate among children is very high when compared with other groups of the population. These results require further examination and investigation of the parasite among children to reduce new infections occurrence or prevent complications of the disease.
Mechanism Prediction of Gastro-protective Effects of the Biebersteinia multifida against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers; an Insilco study

Introduction: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Herbal remedies are alternative therapies that have different gastro protective mechanisms, the gastro protective effect of Biebersteinia multifida (BM) was evaluated previously.Objective: This study was performed to predict the possible mechanism of action of BM bioactive compounds on ameliorating ethanolic PUD in an Insilico study by molecular docking.Methods: Bioactive compounds in BM were screened by Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0 (MVD) for their effects on factors affecting the healing and progression of ethanolic PUD.Results: The principal bioactive compound in BM root that has an ameliorating effect in PUD is the flavonoids luteolin rutinoside. This compound establishes the lowest binding energy with the enzymes xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase-2, and superoxide dismutase, respectively.Conclusion: Biebersteinia multifida probably affects the factors involved in ethanolic PUD due to the presence of flavonoids luteolin rutinoside and thus plays a role in the healing of PUD.Keywords: Molecular Docking, Biebersteinia multifida, Peptic ulcer, Molegro Virtual Docker
Rupture Directivity of the 2021 MW 6.0 Yangbi, Yunnan Earthquake

The 2021 MW 6.0 Yangbi, Yunnan strike‐slip earthquake occurred on an unmapped crustal fault near the Weixi‐Qiaoho‐Weishan Fault along the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Using near‐source broadband seismic data from ChinArray, we investigate the spatial and temporal rupture evolution of the mainshock using apparent moment‐rate functions (AMRFs) determined by the empirical Green's function (EGF) method. Assuming a 1D line source on the fault plane, the rupture propagated unilaterally southeastward (∼144°) over a rupture length of ∼8.0 km with an estimated rupture speed of 2.1 km/s to 2.4 km/s. A 2D coseismic slip distribution for an assumed maximum rupture propagation speed of 2.2 km/s indicates that the rupture propagated to the southeast ∼8.0 km along strike and ∼5.0 km downdip with a peak slip of ∼2.1 m before stopping near the largest foreshock, where three bifurcating subfaults intersect. Using the AMRFs, the radiated energy of the mainshock is estimated as ∼ 1.6×1013J $1.6\times {10}^{13}\,\mathrm{J}$ . The relatively low moment scaled radiated energy ER/M0 ${E}_{R}/{M}_{0}$ of 1.5 × 10−5 and intense foreshock and aftershock activity might indicate reactivation of an immature fault. The earthquake sequence is mainly distributed along a northwest‐southeast trend, and aftershocks and foreshocks are distributed near the periphery of the mainshock large‐slip area, suggesting that the stress in the mainshock slip zone is significantly reduced to below the level for more than a few overlapping aftershock to occur.