Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NORTH-SOUTH DIVIDERS IN PRIVATELY EDUCATED SPEAKERS: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF RECEIVED PRONUNCIATION USING THE FOOT-STRUT AND TRAP-BATH DISTINCTIONS IN THE NORTH EAST AND SOUTH EAST OF ENGLAND

There is a long standing claim that the Received Pronunciation sociolect does not have regional features and is the same across England. We test that by looking at the FOOT-STRUT and TRAP-BATH distinctions, which are classic markers of the NorthSouth accent divide in England. 10 speakers, who were privately educated in either the North East or the South East, were recorded for this study. Using sociolinguistic interviews, forced alignment techniques, and mixed-effect models, social and linguistic effects on vowel pronunciation are analysed. All speakers are found to have the FOOT-STRUT split. However, the TRAP-BATH distinction is less prevalent in the North East speakers, who show effects of linguistic structure rather than social factors on the BATH vowel, with a possibility of a rule simplification process occurring that is bringing them towards the system used by South East speakers.
Cardiac Tachyarrhythmia Detection by Poincaré Plot-Based Image Analysis

Tachyarrhythmia detection through RR interval analysis could improve performance of monitoring devices. In this paper a Poincaré plot-based image approach is presented. Three cardiac rhythms were analyzed in this study: normal sinus rhythm (NSR), atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial bigeminy (AB). Using different MIT-BIH databases, 27955, 3363 and 76 images were generated for NSR, AF and AB respectively using a 2-minute window with 50 % overlap. The 80 % of the data available for each rhythm was used to create a reference rhythm image atlas. The remaining 20 % was classified into one of the three categories using mutual information. The process was iterated 10 times, in which images used to construct the atlas and used to create the test set were randomly selected. AF was correctly classified 94.12 % ± 0.45, AB 72.00 % ± 11.24 and NSR 80.70 %±0.54. The results of the present study suggest that Poincaré plot-based image analysis is a promising path for classifying different rhythms using only ventricular activity.
The estimation of cluster e ¤ ects in linear panel models

In this paper, we study the impact of aggregate variables on individual outcome in linear panel models with xed e¤ects. Individuals are mobile and can change aggregate group at each period. We show how a twostage estimation method can properly account for aggregate unobserved heterogeneity to avoid biases on standard errors. The method can deal with individual and aggregate heteroskedasticity and/or autocorrelation. It is also exible enough to allow for instrumentation of both individual and aggregate variables. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, we study the properties of the estimators for di¤erent mobility patterns of individuals between aggregate groups. Keywords: panel data; multilevel model; cluster sample; xed e¤ects JEL Classi cation: C23 Laurent Gobillon, Institut National dEtudes Démographiques (INED), 133 Boulevard Davout, 75980 Parix Cedex 20, France. Email: laurent.gobillon@ined.fr.
Traditional Chinese pharmacy

Many Chinese herbs are now sold in formulas. Hundreds of plants are used for medicine concoction, some of them handpicked in the nearby mountains. Herbal formulas may contain up to 12 different ingredients, to be taken in the form of teas, powders, pills, or syrups. The practitioner makes a diagnosis examining the patient's symptoms and checking her heart rate and pulse. He prepares the prescription accordingly in the workshop.
Assigning birds to geographic origin using feather hydrogen isotope ratios ( δ 2 H ) : importance of year , age , and habitat

In North America, gradients in the ratio of stable hydrogen isotopes in amount-weighted, growing-season mean precipitation (2H:1H; depicted as dHp) form a largely latitude-sensitive isoscape that can be used to estimate the geographical origin of animals. Feathers are metabolically inert following growth and dHf values retain information on geographical origins. However, there are important assumptions underlying this approach that can only be tested using birds of known origin. Here, we investigated sources of variation in dHf measurements from Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla (L., 1766)) associated with year, age class, feather type, season, and habitat type in New Brunswick, Canada. The observed dHf generally followed that predicted from the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation database. However, we found a strong year × age interaction on dHf. Season, habitat type, and feather type explained only a small portion of the overall variation in dHf. These results show the advantages of using annual dHp isoscapes and age-specific corrections when converting dHp to dHf. We submit that the interaction effect can be modeled by accounting for interannual variation in the amount of precipitation during the breeding season. These procedures will allow for more precise estimates of the geographical origin of individual birds, especially for studies conducted near oceanic coasts, which are subject to significant annual variations in
Revisiting the Binary Linearization Technique for Surface Realization

End-to-end neural approaches have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Yet, they often lack transparency of the underlying decision-making process, hindering error analysis and certain model improvements. In this work, we revisit the binary linearization approach to surface realization, which exhibits more interpretable behavior, but was falling short in terms of prediction accuracy. We show how enriching the training data to better capture word order constraints almost doubles the performance of the system. We further demonstrate that encoding both local and global prediction contexts yields another considerable performance boost. With the proposed modifications, the system which ranked low in the latest shared task on multilingual surface realization now achieves best results in five out of ten languages, while being on par with the state-of-the-art approaches in others.
Strategists and Academics - intro pages

This doctoral thesis consists of five self-contained essays on interaction in R&D between university researchers and private firms. Together, these essays explore the conditions under which private firms benefit from spillovers from publicly funded and organised research. From the first essay, which sets out to empirically validate the theoretical arguments about the benefits of university-industry interaction for private firms, the thesis follows a line of pursuit that goes back and forth between exploration of the different benefits that firms enjoy from university interaction and the relationships between these benefits and the conditions of interaction. In essay II, a typology of rationales for establishing cooperative relations is presented. A considerable breadth of interaction rationales is documented. On closer examination, however, a “core” set of rationales related to innovation, in terms of invented or improved products or processes, are found to be the main drivers of interaction. Developing this view, three critical issues previously studied within innovation economics are re-considered from the point of view of firm rationales for interaction; public co-funding of university-firm interaction (essay II), the role of geographic proximity for interaction on R&D (essay III) and the organisation of public sector research (public research institutes and universities) in relation to firm level competences (essay IV). In a fifth essay, four ideal types of strategy for localised interaction between R&D subsidiaries and universities are proposed. Through the framework developed in this essay, the rationales for interaction are related to the overall R&D strategy of multinational firms. Concluding the thesis, it is discussed how the research presented herein opens up for improved theorizing around the roles of academic research for industrial innovation.
Aging with a Disability: What the Clinician Needs to Know

With advances in medical care, technology, and rehabilitation, people with disabilities are now living longer. Many, in fact, have near-average life expectancies. Research has shown, however, that the changes and problems associated with aging often occur 10-20 years earlier in the lives of people with disabilities than in the lives of people without disabilities. These changes pose significant challenges for health care professionals. Because research in this field is relatively recent, few practitioners and students are aware of these findings. Aging with a Disability provides clinicians with a complete guide to the care and treatment of persons aging with a disability. Divided into five parts, this book first addresses the perspective of the person with a disability and his or her family. Chapters in the second section address the physiological and functional changes people will face as they grow older, and how these changes may affect quality of life and caregiver requirements. In the third part, contributors discuss treatment considerations such as maintaining employment and managing pain and fatigue. The book's fourth section focuses on specific conditions: spinal cord injury, polio, cerebral palsy, and developmental disabilities such as mental retardation. In the concluding section, the authors present research needs and discuss policy issues for future consideration. Paying special attention to the feelings, attitudes, and needs of people with disabilities-three chapters are written by authors who have a disability- Aging with a Disability gives students and clinicians a reliable and compassionate handbook for the treatment of this growing population.
Research of Dynamics of a Vibration Isolation Platform

Performance of negative-stiffness vibroisolating t able „Minus K500BM-1“ was analyzed in a frequency range of 2-110 Hz. The pape r lso reviewed other possible ways of vibroisolation. Performed experimental vibrations t ransmissibility tests were reported as well. A special vibration excitation equipment was tested i n research facilities. Subsequently, experimental test methods were described together w ith presentation of results and conclusions of experimental analysis.
Secretary Expression of the Human Serum Albumin Gene in the Yeast , Saccharomyces cerevisiae

We have fused a cDNA gene encoding mature human serum albumin (HSA) to several secretory leader-encoding sequences. The hybrid genes were cloned into an episomal vector under the control of several yeast promoters and then introduced into yeast cells. The GAL1 promoter in combination with either the native HSA pre-sequence or a modified HSA pre-sequence gave the highest production of immunoreactive HSA, 90 mg/liter being reached in a shake flask culture. The invertase pre-sequence, the mating factor al prepro-sequence, and the modified HSA pre-sequence directed accurate processing. In contrast, the chicken lysozyme pre-sequence and the native HSA pre-sequence directed incorrect processing. Episomal vectors were unstable within the host cells under nonselective culture conditions. To improve the plasmid stability, the hybrid genes were incorporated into an integrative vector. Transformants carrying multicopies of the plasmid integrated at the LEU2 locus stably secreted HSA. The highest yield of 65 mg/liter in a shake flask culture was obtained with the combination of the yeast glyceraldehyde-3phosphate dehydrogenase promoter and the modified HSA pre-sequence. By constructing transformed strains containing multicopies of plasmids integrated at both the chromosome LEU2 and HIS4 loci, we have obtained a stable strain that continuously secretes as much as 85 mg HSA per liter of culture medium.
Turkish Nursing Students ’ Use of Intuition

Background: The ability of intuition has a direct influence on the quality of patient care and outcomes in nursing practice. It is reported that integrating i tu tional learning, which is accepted as a type of c gnitive learning today, into nursing curriculum actively wo uld be beneficial to training professional nurses. Objective: The current study aimed to explore the understandi ng of nursing students’ use of intuition in clinica l practice. Methodology: The study was carried out in a cross-sectional and descriptive design. The study population consisted of 588 nursing students enrolled at the C olleges of Nursing located in western Turkey. A tot al of 421 nursing students completed a questionnaire. The dat a of the study were collected employing the Use of Intuition by Nursing Students Scale (UINSS) and student infor mation form. Statistical analyses were performed us ing percentages, means, standard deviation, independent sample t test, one-way ANOVA. Results: Mean age of the students was found to be 22.20±1.7 3 years, a great majority of them (83.1%) were female. Approximately half of the students (40.3%) were sophomores, one third of students were juniors (30.2%) and seniors (29.5%). The majority of the students ( 75.8%) stated that intuitive approach affects the d ecisionmaking process in nursing. Total UINSS mean score f r nursing students was found to be 75.06 ± 1.26 (m in:25max: 110). Senior students’ were higher in physical awareness than sophomore and junior students. A statistically significant difference was found betw en total score, emotional awareness and physical a wareness subscale and gender. Female students had higher tot al, emotional awareness and physical awareness scor es than male students. Conclusions: It could be asserted that the students participate d in the study had an awareness of the role of intuition at a higher than moderate level and that ey were able to use this ability.
An Enhancing the Performance of High Utility Itemset Mining using Utility Information Record

Discovering itemsets with high utility like profit from database is known as High Utility Itemset mining. In many real time applications such as retail marketing and Web service the High utility itemsets mining is useful in decisionmaking process. Efficient Mining of High utility itemsets plays a very important role in many real time applications and is a vital research issue in data mining area. The existing high utility mining algorithm degrade the performance takes much time to generate large number of candidate itemsets and to find utility value of all candidate itemsets In this research article, the time and space complexity of UP Growth and UP Growth+ algorithm have been reduced by 1 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 118 No. 17 2018, 257-272 ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu Special Issue ijpam.eu
TRACKING COMMUNITY EVOLUTION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS

Recently, social network analysis is gaining on importance and bringing several challenges in the computer science discipline. Most social networks are dynamic and evolve gradually and the communities in these dynamic networks usually have changing members and could grow and shrink over time. The analysis of communities and their evolution is a relevant research domain that attracts researchers from a variety of fields; having suitable information and methods for dynamic analysis, one may challenge to forecast the future of the communities, and then conduct it appropriately in order to attain or modify this predicted future according to precise requirements. This capability would be a strong mechanism used by marketing, human resource managers, personnel recruitment, etc. In this paper, we are analyzing the changes in the dynamic network through tracking and examining the dynamic evolution of communities within a sequence of snapshots. We start by describing some basic dynamic features of social networks. Then, we propose a new technique called CED (Community Evolution Detection) which was developed in order to detect community evolution in the social network. The central elements of this technique are that it greatly depends on key nodes and QuantityInsertion metric. It also focuses on both efficiency and parameter free. We demonstrate the abilities and potential of our approach by testing it in real datasets and compare it with well-known algorithm with regard to complexity, accuracy and flexibility.
DETECTING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS

Активные формы кислорода (АФК) являются жизненно необходимыми метаболитами в многочисленных биологических функциях. Нарушение клеточных механизмов может привести к перепроизводству АФК и вызвать окислительное повреждение ДНК, белков, клеток и тканей, которое связано с патогенезом ряда нейродегенеративных и воспалительных заболеваний. Понимание взаимосвязи между уровнем АФК и этими нарушениями важно при разработке методов лечения для борьбы с окислительным стрессом. Целью работы было использование разработанного нами метода определения АФК в биологических жидкостях, а именно в слезе и внутриглазной жидкости, с помощью стабильного платинового наноэлектрода, позволяющего оценивать уровень пероксида водорода (H 2 O 2 ) вплоть до 1 мкМ, а также изучение динамики изменения уровня H 2 O 2 при антиоксидантной терапии. Показано влияние наночастиц супероксиддисмутазы (СОД) на уровень АФК в биологических жидкостях. После закапывания наночастиц СОД происходило увеличение уровня H 2 O 2 в слезе через 10 и 30 мин. В случае с внутриглазной жидкостью рост концентрации H 2 O 2 начинается только спустя 30 мин после закапывания, что свидетельствует о постепенном проникновении наночастиц во внутренние структуры глаза. Использование метода представляется эффективным для диагностики и контроля лечения глазных заболеваний. Ключевые слова: антиоксидантная активность, платиновый наноэлектрод, активные формы кислорода, наносенсор, наночастицы супероксиддисмутазы, окислительный стресс
FAULT LOCALIZATION BY USING HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM

Maintaining software is difficult, time-consuming and very costly. Thus finding correct faults in a program might help to overcome this issue. Many techniques had been proposed such as program slicing, code coverage, program state and mutation analysis. An issue arise when all the previous technique are made based on the assumption that the fault is caused by a single fault. However, in a real world, one fault could be caused by multiple faults. This issue requires a technique which able to handle multiple faults when to localize a fault. Another issue is related to the latest technique which is mutation analysis. During test cases mutation, there is a vast number of mutant will be generated which lead to difficulty of choosing the important mutant. Therefore there is a need for a new technique which capable of reducing the number of mutants generates to localize the fault. HGA which is a combination of Genetic Algorithm and Local Search had been identified by another researcher as more efficient in searching optimum solution. Thus it is believed that HGA technique is suitable to localize fault in a source code. This paper will address the issue regarding a technique to localize a correct fault and handle multiple faults.
A Mathematical Model of Action Potential in Rat Atrial Cells

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia associated with cardiac morbidity and mortality. Though several computational models have been developed to investigate mechanisms of atrial fibrillation in many species, there is no such model for adult rat atrial cells. A biophysically detailed mathematical model of the action potential of the rabbit atrial cells was developed based on experimental data recorded from rat right atrial cells. Conductance of Ito, IKur, IKr, IKs, IK1 as well as the time constant of Ito activation (τs) were modified to fit I-V curve of potassium current. Conductance, voltage dependent activation and inactivation of ICaL were modified to fit I-V, activation and inactivation curves of ICaL current. I-V, activation and inactivation curves of INa current were fitted similarly. The action potential from the computational model are comparable to the action potential (AP) recorded from rat atrial cells. The resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude and APD50 are −67.4 mV, 80.7 mV and 18 ms, respectively. This study, for the first time, developed a computational model of action potentials of rat atrial cells. The model can be used to further explore pathological mechanisms of atrial fibrillation.
Using Fisher Vector and Bag-of-Audio-Words Representations to Identify Styrian Dialects, Sleepiness, Baby & Orca Sounds

The 2019 INTERSPEECH Computational Paralinguistics Challenge (ComParE) consists of four Sub-Challenges, where the tasks are to identify different German (Austrian) dialects, estimate how sleepy the speaker is, what type of sound a given baby uttered, and whether there is a sound of an orca (killer whale) present in the recording. Following our team’s last year entry, we continue our research by looking for feature set types that might be employed on a wide variety of tasks without alteration. This year, besides the standard 6373-sized ComParE functionals, we experimented with the Fisher vector representation along with the Bag-of-Audio-Words technique. To adapt Fisher vectors from the field of image processing, we utilized them on standard MFCC features instead of the originally intended SIFT attributes (which describe local objects found in the image). Our results indicate that using these feature representation techniques was indeed beneficial, as we could outperform the baseline values in three of the four Sub-Challenges; the performance of our approach seems to be even higher if we consider that the baseline scores were obtained by combining different methods as well.
THE ROLE OF CREAKY VOICE ATTRIBUTES IN MANDARIN TONAL PERCEPTION

This study tests the linguistic importance of various acoustic properties of creaky voice for Mandarin tone perception. Mandarin native speakers identified tones with resynthesized copies of natural tokens, with four citation tones and with one of four creak manipulations: low spectral tilt, irregular F0, pitch doubling, and extra-low F0. Listeners were most sensitive to extra-low F0, which affected identification of the four tones differently: it improved the identification accuracy of Tone 3 and hindered that of Tone 1 and Tone 4. Irregular F0 also hindered Tone 1 identification. No effect of the creak manipulations was found for Tone 2 accuracy. Thus, creak is used in Mandarin tone identification to the extent that it involves low F0 and irregular F0.
OceanText : Visual Embedding of Chinese Interim Report – COMP 4801 Final Year Project

Embedding is a foundational technique in modern natural language processing. It is necessary to convert text to vectors before feeding to neural networks for further processing. However, current approaches are predominantly developed on alphabetical languages, where individual characters have no meaning, and the meaning and the appearance of text are unrelated. In contrast, Chinese is logographic. Each character in Chinese is meaningful, and the meaning is correlated to its appearance. Therefore, this project proposes OceanText, a visual embedding system of Chinese, which utilizes the visual features of Chinese characters to improve the accuracy of embedding. The project team has finished literature review, implemented an embedding library as the baseline code base, and written a preprocessing library to automate data preprocessing. In the remainder of the project, the team will open-source the embedding and preprocessing libraries and implement and evaluate the OceanText algorithm. OceanText: Visual Embedding of Chinese – Interim Report ii