Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic Performance and Response to Selection for Body Weight Traits of Black Bengal Goat (BBG) in a Community Breeding Program

Black Bengal goat is a potential animal genetic resource of Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic improvement of growth rate (GR) in-situ through a community based breeding program under a low input production system. Data on a total of 451 individuals from 2009 to 2015 in three generations were taken. In the community, two breeding strategies (BS); mating among superior bucks and does (BS1) and mating existing does with superior bucks (BS2) were followed. Mating among existing bucks and does (BS3) were considered as test group. The average GR from 0 to 3m, 3 to 6m, 6 to 9m, 9 to 12m and 0 to 12m were 43.05±0.78, 21.27±0.48, 21.42±0.37, 19.42±0.46 and 36.17±0.28 g/d, respectively. GR at different ages differed significantly (p<0.001) for sex, except at 0 to 3m. Generation and BS influenced GR at all ages significantly. Better growth rates were obtained in BS1 progeny and in later generations. The heritability (h) estimates for GR at different ages ranged from 0.32 to 0.57. The genetic and phenotypic correlations for GR at different ages ranged from 0.02 to 0.87. The average responses for GR varied from 2.31 to 4.52 g/d per generation. It may be concluded that community based breeding program with superior bucks and does is very rationale under low input production system, as it improved growth performance in progressive generations. However, h and rG indicated scope of genetic improvement for GR if rigorous culling of inferior does and bucks can be adopted.
MIMO Control of a High-Step-Up Isolated Bidirectional DC–DC Converter

This article proposes a multi-input multi-output digital control strategy for a bidirectional interleaved boost converter with coupled inductors, designed to operate as an interface between an ultracapacitor and a high-voltage dc-bus in a hybrid nanogrid. The control strategy keeps the high-voltage side dc-bus of the nanogrid stable when the voltage at the low-voltage side, connected to the ultracapacitor, changes in a wide range. Bidirectional energy flow control with current protection is allowed too. The high-voltage regulation loop is closed around an inner, low-voltage side current control loop. In parallel to these, a third, clamp voltage regulator is set to keep tight control over switch voltage stress. This article discusses the controller organization, the design criteria, and shows the subsequent implementation on a general purpose digital control platform. The achievable performance is experimentally verified on a 1.5-kW converter prototype.
Models for exploring partnership: Introducing sparqs’ student partnership staircase as a reflective tool for staff and students

A useful way of exploring partnership between staff and students is through visual representations of partnership, where the concept sits alongside other ideas in scales or diagrams. They enable comparison, benchmarking and reflection in a way that is facilitative rather than instructional. Many such tools approach partnership in different ways and can be used in various contexts by staff and students. This article explores some of those tools, and introduces sparqs’ student partnership staircase, a simple tool which places partnership at the top of a four-step scale, prompting conversations about the role that students can and should play in shaping quality and how staff and institutions can enable this. Consideration is given to how the staircase can be used to create mutual learning spaces for staff and students and prompt shared understandings about partnership in quality.
A survey of ambulance clinicians’ perceptions of recording and communicating patient information electronically

Objective: Ambulance services are evolving from use of paper-based recording of patient information to electronic platforms and the impact of this change has yet to be fully explored. The aim of this study is to explore how the introduction of a system permitting electronic information capture and its subsequent sharing were perceived by the ambulance clinicians using it. Methods: An online questionnaire was designed based upon the technology acceptance model and distributed throughout one ambulance service in the south east of England. Closed-ended questions with Likert scales were used to collect data from patient-facing staff who use an online community falls and diabetic referral platform or an electronic messaging system to update GPs following a patient encounter. Results: There were 273 responses from ambulance clinicians. Most participants agreed that they used tablet computers and smartphones to make their life easier (85% and 86%, respectively). Most participants felt that referring patients to a community falls or diabetic team electronically was an efficient use of their time (81% and 81%, respectively) and many believed that these systems improved the communication of confidential patient information. GP summaries were perceived as increasing time spent on scene but most participants (89%) believed they enabled collaborative working. Overall, collecting and sharing patient information electronically was perceived by most participants as beneficial to their practice. Conclusion: In this study, the ability to electronically refer patients to community services and share patient encounters with the GP was predominantly perceived as both safe for patients and an effective use of the participants’ clinical time. However, there is often still a need to communicate to GPs in real time, demonstrating that technology could complement, rather than replace, how clinicians communicate.
The Effect of Intellectual Humility on Professional Knowledge in Preschool Teachers: The Dual Mediating Effects of Self-Development Needs and Teacher’s Teamwork

©The Korean Association of Child Studies This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Corresponding Author: Daeun Park, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, 25-2, Sungkyunkwan-ro, Jongno-gu, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea E-mail: daeunp@skku.edu Doctoral Student, Department of Child Welfare, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea Assistant Professor, Department Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea Yumi Kim, Daeun Park
Multi-branch network with hierarchical bilinear pooling for person reidentification

National Engineering Laboratory for Public Safety Risk Perception and Control by Big Data, Grant/ Award Number: XJ201810101; National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: U1603115; Unassigned; National key R&D plan project, Grant/Award Number: 2017 YF C08207023 Abstract Because of issues such as viewpoint changes, posture variations, and background cluttering, the task of person reidentification (Re‐ID) remains challenging. The model of combining global features and part features has been widely used in person Re‐ID technology in recent years, but these efforts ignored feature interaction between the convolutional layers and thus lost detailed information conducive to identifying pedestrians under different cameras. To achieve interaction between hierarchical features, a multibranch network with hierarchical bilinear pooling (MBN‐HBP) is proposed. The network consists of a global branch, a part‐level branch, and a hierarchical bilinear pooling (HBP) branch. The person features extracted by the network include not only global and part‐level features but also detailed HBP features. The final feature representation will be more robust to deal with the complex surveillance environment. By conducting comprehensive experiments, competitive performance on the Market‐1501, DukeMTMC‐Re‐ID, and CUHK03 datasets is obtained.
Early wheat yield estimation at field-level by photosynthetic pigment unmixing using Landsat 8 image series

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach for estimating wheat yields based on estimated abundances of endmembers attributed to photosynthetic pigments, using Landsat 8 images acquired during maximum greenness. Endmembers within the wheat pixels are found using an unmixing algorithm then they are further optimized to maximize the predictive power of the abundances for the yields. Similarity of the endmembers to photosynthetic pigment’s spectral signatures and their predictive power suggests their relevance to the pigments. Although the initial unmixing of the intimate mixture of photosynthetic pigments is linear, interactions of abundances are used in the optimization to handle the non-linearity using bilinear model. Wheat yields are estimated with abundances, their relevant interactions, agrometeorological parameters and vegetation indices using three machine learning algorithms. Harvester records from 142 fields are used as ground truth for performance assessment. The yields are estimated with 82% accuracy (RMSE = 22.51) when Random Forest algorithm is used with important parameters.
Quantitative Inspection of Complex-Shaped Parts Based on Ice-Coupled Ultrasonic Full Waveform Inversion Technology

Ultrasonic methods have been extensively developed in nondestructive testing for various materials and components. However, accurately extracting quantitative information about defects still remains challenging, especially for complex structures. Although the immersion technique is commonly used for complex-shaped parts, the large mismatch of acoustic impedance between water and metal prevents effective ultrasonic transmission and leads to a low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). In this paper, a quantitative imaging method is proposed for complex-shaped parts based on an ice-coupled full waveform inversion (FWI) method. Numerical experiments were carried out to quantitatively inspect the various defects in a turbine blade. Firstly, the k-space pseudospectral method was applied to simulate ice-coupled ultrasonic testing for the turbine blade. The recorded full wavefields were then applied for a frequency-domain FWI based on the Limited-memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (L-BFGS) method. With a carefully selected iterative number and frequency, a successive-frequency FWI can well detect half wavelength defects. Extended studies on an open notch with different orientations and multiple adjacent defects proved its capability to detect different types of defects. Finally, an uncertainty analysis was conducted with inaccurate initial velocity models with a relative error of ±2%, demonstrating its robustness even with a certain inaccuracy. This study demonstrates that the proposed method has a high potential to inspect complex-shaped structures with an excellent resolution.
Retrodicting large herbivore biomass for the last glacial maximum on the Palaeo-Agulhas Plain (South Africa) using modern ecological knowledge of African herbivore assemblages and rainfall

Abstract Herbivore distribution throughout Africa is strongly linked to mean annual precipitation. We use that relationship to predict functional group composition of herbivore communities during the last glacial maximum (ca. 21 ka) on the now submerged Palaeo-Agulhas Plain (PAP), South Africa. We used metabolic large herbivore biomass (MLHB) from 39 South African protected areas, in five functional groups (characterized by behavior and physiology). We examined how modern factors influenced MLHB and considered the effects of biome, annual rainfall, percentage winter rainfall, and protected area size. Overall, biome was the most important factor influencing the relationship between MLHB and rainfall. In general, MLHB increased with rainfall, but not for the grassland biome. Outside grasslands, most functional groups’ metabolic biomass increased with increasing rainfall, irrespective of biome, except for medium-sized social mixed feeder species in savanna and thicket. Protected area size was influential for medium-sized social mixed feeders and large browsers and rainfall influenced medium-sized social mixed feeders, offering some perspectives on spatial constraints on past large herbivore biomass densities. These results improve our understanding of the likely herbivore community composition and relative biomass structure on the PAP, an essential driver of how early humans utilized large mammals as a food resource.
Semiconductor coupled solar photo-Fenton´s treatment of dyes and textile effluent

NanoTiO 2 was synthesized by ultrasonication assisted sol-gel process and subjected to iron doping and carbon-iron codoping. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and BET specific surface area analysis. The average crystallite size of pure TiO 2 was in the range of 30 - 33 nm, and that of Fe-TiO 2 and C-Fe TiO 2 was in the range of 7 - 13 nm respectively. The specific surface area of the iron doped and carbon-iron codoped nanoparticles was around 105 m 2 /g and 91 m 2 /g respectively. The coupled semiconductor photo-Fenton’s activity of the synthesized catalysts was evaluated by the degradation of a cationic dye (C.I. Basic blue 9) and an anionic dye (C.I. Acid orange 52) with concurrent investigation on the operating variables such as pH, catalyst dosage, oxidant concentration and initial pollutant concentration. The most efficient C-Fe codoped catalyst was found to effectively destruct synthetic dyes and potentially treat real textile effluent achieving 93.4% of COD removal under minimal solar intensity (35-40 kiloLUX). This reveals the practical applicability of the process for the treatment of real wastewater in both high and low insolation regimes.
An Analysis of Errors on Mathematical Symbol as a Metaphor in Linear Programming

Symbol sense is crucial in the understanding of mathematical problems comprising various symbols. The misuses of symbols happen due to misinterpretation, which is considered the constraint to learn algebra more comprehensively, including in linear programming. The term ‘metaphor’ is defined as a means to carry over symbol sense, and is used to improve mathematical understanding. This present research was aimed at analyzing errors on mathematical symbol as a metaphor in linear programming. This research was conducted by means of descriptive qualitative design, with a test and interview as the instruments. The test was made essay, and its results were analyzed qualitatively. The test, further, was administered to five eleventh graders selected according to highest rates of errors committed. This research has shown that the students committed a number of errors in some cases, such as representing symbols as variables, representing numbers, and interpreting symbols as relational operators. In addition, errors which the students committed in constructing mathematical models covered defining the final value, representing numbers, applying inequality system, and interpreting symbols as operation counts. This present research has provided some ways for symbol sense, and thus the errors on mathematical symbol as a metaphor could be lessened. Next, this research can be further followed up by reviewing the effectiveness of remedial instruction according to the committed errors on mathematical symbols.
Spatial Variation and Temporal Instability in the Growth/Climate Relationship of White Birch (Betula platyphylla Suk) in the Changbai Mountain, China

Tree growth in mountain ecosystems is affected by complex environments, and its relationship with climatic and environmental factors varying with elevation. In order to examine the spatial variation and temporal stability of the growth/climate relationship of Betula platyphylla (BP), the dendrochronological method was used to analyze the radial growth/climate relationship between 1946 and 2016 of the BP trees along an altitudinal gradient in the Changbai Mountain of northeast China. Our results showed that the mean sensitivity of BP was higher than that of other species studied in Changbai Mountain. The growth/climate relationship of BP trees varies with altitude, and this conclusion has reached a consensus from the study of tree growth response to climate change. More specifically, at low altitudes (550–995 m a.s.l.), the radial growth of BP is mainly affected by spring precipitation and temperature in May and October of the current year. However, at high-altitude areas (1210–1425 m a.s.l.), it is mainly affected by the temperature in September of the previous year and May of the current year. Furthermore, the growth/climate relationship of BP trees showed temporal instability. After 1970, the rise in temperature inhibited the growth of BP at low altitudes and promoted the growth of BP trees at high altitudes. In the context of continued warming in the future, the white birch stands in Changbai Mountain will move to higher altitudes.
Electrospinning to Surpass White Natural Silk in Sunlight Rejection for Radiative Cooling

Natural white silk cocoons exhibit strong broadband optical scattering by Anderson localization within the silk ﬁ bers, providing a low-light environment to the pupae inside. This scattering effect is due to thousands of densely packed parallel ﬁ brillar nanovoids running within each ﬁ ber along the ﬁ ber axis. Herein, to enhance sunlight rejection from white silk, conventional diffusive optical transport without Anderson localization is used. For optical diffusion, natural white silk is restructured by electrospinning to destroy the ﬁ brillar nanovoids. Sunlight rejection power of the electrospun structures is controlled by the ﬁ ber diameters. Relative to a nonwoven raw silk fabric, a restructured silk ﬁ lm with a mean ﬁ ber diameter of a quarter micron substantially increases optical scattering strength in the visible spectrum and emissivity in the mid-infrared atmospheric transparency window. The restructured silk ﬁ brous ﬁ lm can reduce the average temperature of a substrate, on which the ﬁ lm is coated, by 7.5 (cid:1) C relative to a nonwoven raw silk fabric during daytime under solar radiation. The results suggest that arti ﬁ cially processed polymeric ﬁ ber mats can achieve substantially stronger sunlight rejection than natural silk, by using optical diffusion without Anderson localization. These polymeric mats are useful as sunshades in various applications.
Scalable precision wide-field imaging in radio interferometry: I. uSARA validated on ASKAP data

As Part I of a paper series showcasing a new imaging framework, we consider the recently proposed unconstrained Sparsity Averaging Reweighted Analysis (uSARA) optimisation algorithm for wide-field, high-resolution, high-dynamic range, monochromatic intensity imaging. We reconstruct images from real radio-interferometric observations obtained with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) and present these results in comparison to the widely-used, state-of-the-art imager WSClean. Selected fields come from the ASKAP Early Science and Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) Pilot surveys and contain several complex radio sources: the merging cluster system Abell 3391-95, the merging cluster SPT-CL 2023-5535, and many extended, or bent-tail, radio galaxies, including the X-shaped radio galaxy PKS 2014-558 and “the dancing ghosts,” known collectively as PKS 2130-538. The modern framework behind uSARA utilises parallelisation and automation to solve for the w-effect and efficiently compute the measurement operator, allowing for wide-field reconstruction over the full field-of-view of individual ASKAP beams (up to ∼3.3○ each). The precision capability of uSARA produces images with both super-resolution and enhanced sensitivity to diffuse components, surpassing traditional CLEAN algorithms which typically require a compromise between such yields. Our resulting monochromatic uSARA-ASKAP images of the selected data highlight both extended, diffuse emission and compact, filamentary emission at very high resolution (up to 2.2 arcsec), revealing never-before-seen structure. Here we present a validation of our uSARA-ASKAP images by comparing the morphology of reconstructed sources, measurements of diffuse flux, and spectral index maps with those obtained from images made with WSClean.
NIR Laser‐Triggered Microneedle‐Based Liquid Band‐Aid for Wound Care

Microneedles (MNs) have attracted widespread scientific and industrial interest in the past decade as an efficient, painless, low‐cost, and relatively safe transdermal drug delivery device. However, their drawbacks such as insufficient dose accuracy and limited penetration depth may limit the clinical applications. Here, a light‐controlled liquid band‐aid based on MNs is developed for antibacterial applications. Metal–organic framework‐derived peroxidase‐like nanozyme loaded in MNs can not only convert light energy into heat to enhance drug permeation but also decompose hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals for antibacteria. The heat generated by the nanozyme can facilitate MNs to melt and form a liquid band‐aid, which is beneficial to insulate the wound from the surrounding bacterial environment. These studies in a Staphylococcus aureus‐infected mice model also prove that this laser‐triggered liquid band‐aid can efficiently reduce skin inflammation and promote wound healing. Together, these results demonstrate that the rational design of MNs can enhance antibacterial and wound healing efficiency.
Promotion of Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Water-Stressed Triticum aestivum in Relation to Foliar-Application of Salicylic Acid

The present work reports the assessment of the effectiveness of a foliar-spray of salicylic acid (SA) on growth attributes, biochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and osmolytes accumulation in wheat grown under control (100% field capacity) and water stressed (60% field capacity) conditions. The total available water (TAW), calculated for a rooting depth of 1.65 m was 8.45 inches and readily available water (RAW), considering a depletion factor of 0.55, was 4.65 inches. The water contents corresponding to 100 and 60% field capacity were 5.70 and 1.66 inches, respectively. For this purpose, seeds of two wheat cultivars (Fsd-2008 and S-24) were grown in pots subjected to water stress. Water stress at 60% field capacity markedly reduced the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins (TSP) and total phenolic contents (TPC) compared with control. However, cv. Fsd-2008 was recorded as strongly drought-tolerant and performed better compared to cv. S-24, which was moderately drought tolerant. However, water stress enhanced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and membrane electrolyte leakage (EL) and modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) contents. Foliar-spray with salicylic acid (SA; 0, 3 mM and 6 mM) effectively mitigated the adverse effects of water stress on both cultivars. SA application at 6 mM enhanced the shoot and root length, as well as their fresh and dry weights, and improved photosynthetic pigments. SA foliage application further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and phenolics contents. However, foliar-spray of SA reduced MDA, H2O2 and membrane permeability in both cultivars under stress conditions. The results of the present study suggest that foliar-spray of salicylic acid was effective in increasing the tolerance of wheat plants under drought stress in terms of growth attributes, antioxidant defense mechanisms, accumulation of osmolytes, and by reducing membrane lipid peroxidation.