Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nicarbazin Residues in Broiler Tissue and Litter

Abstract Three consecutive grow-outs of broilers fed nicarbazin were conducted to assess the presence of nicarbazin residues in muscle tissue and liver and in the litter. The anticoccidial was added to starter and grower feeds given to mixed sex broilers to 35 days. Finisher feeds without nicarbazin were given in the last week. Very few samples of tissue from breasts and leg quarters retained nicarbazin residue, but residues always remained in the litter and reflected the level present in the feed. Residues of nicarbazin persisted in the litter to the end of the third grow-out even in pens were birds received diets with nicarbazin only in the first grow-out. Residues occurred in livers more frequently than in muscle tissue, but still in a concentration considered safe for human consumption. Commercial use of nicarbazin following current applications by the industry is considered safe since residues found in tissue are far below the limits established by law.
Variations in anuran movements and habitat use: Implications for conservation

Anurans (frogs and toads) have suffered recent notable declines, and many species for long-term conservation may need protection from environmental disturbances. Protective measures depend on conserving areas actually used, and habitat use by anurans is poorly known. A total of 68 studies covering 50 species provided information used in this review. Eighteen studies (15 species) documenting post-breeding movement distances found frogs remained at their breeding site year-round, six studies (five species) recorded movements to new riparian areas and 33 studies (24 species) found frogs used separate terrestrial post-breeding sites. Mean movements to new riparian sites ranged from 38 to 700 m and terrestrial sites from 385 to 1810 m. With values varying greatly, movement for an average species was difficult to predict. Individual movement within studies also varied widely, resulting in wide scatter of study populations. When separate non-breeding sites were used, bufonid populations (range 30-800 m; n = 9) appeared to move further than hylids (35-594 m; n = 9). Maximum distances followed similar patterns. Body size was not a significant predictor of overall movement distance, but this was significantly greater in bufonids as adult size increased. Values were not apparently affected by breeding habit or study method. Frogs often overwintered at their post-breeding activity site (16 studies), but in 10 studies, at least some frogs moved to distinct and often protective overwintering areas. Mean home range was from 6.3 to 5099 m2 (mean 1773 m2; n = 18), and was not significantlyinfluenced by body size. Bufonids' habits wererelatively consistent, whereas these were more diverse in ranids and hylids. The wide scatter of data indicated that protective measures applied are uncertain to protect all or even most of a target population; detailed biological studies remain important to ensure conservation of populations.
Shoaling Waves Interacting with an Orthogonal Current

In the present work, an experimental investigation on the hydrodynamics of shoaling waves superposed on a steady orthogonal current is carried out. An experimental campaign in a wave tank has been performed, with waves and current interacting at a right angle over a sloping planar beach. Velocity data have been gathered during the experiments in order to investigate mean, phase and turbulent flow. A detailed preliminary analysis of the time- and space-variability of the experiments is presented. Results show that a complex interaction between waves and current occurs as the wave shoals, in terms of sheer production, momentum transfer and turbulent mixing. Superposition of waves determines a shear increase at the bottom due to an enhanced turbulence mixing, nonetheless as depth decreases and the current velocity consequently increases, shoaling waves may be less efficient in enhancing shear at the bottom. Moreover, the superposition of waves determines the current to oscillate around its mean velocity value. Nevertheless, as wave shoals and simultaneously current velocity increases with decreasing depth, waves and current oscillatory motion experience a phase lag, as a response of the larger momentum of the current to the changing of the shoaling waves acceleration distribution along the wave phase. Moreover, the turbulent bursting events of the combined flow in proximity of the bed have been investigated by means of quadrant analysis, showing an increase of the turbulent ejections and sweeps due to the superposition of the shoaling waves.
Integrating Information System Success Model (ISSM) And Technology Acceptance Model (TAM): Proposing Students’ Satisfaction with University Web Portal Model

Background of the study: The web portal is a tool that has been adopted by universities to manage data and information of students and faculty. The portal is an information system as it is driven by information. Purpose: The study proposes a model of students’ satisfaction with Web portal for the integration of Information System Success Model ISSM and Davis’ Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Method: The methodology adopted for this study is the critical review of literature that borders on the constructs and/or variables embedded in ISSM and TAM. Findings: The study theorizes that information quality, service quality and system quality and perceived usefulness individually determine students’ satisfaction of a Web portal. The study also predicts that all of these variables compositely determine the students’ satisfaction of university Web. Conclusion : The study established that the “mandatory use” of Web portal does not primarily translate to students’ satisfaction with the portal. This is because whether users are satisfied or not, the onus is still on them to come back to use the portal.
A Comparison Between Bayesian and Frequentist Approach in the Analysis of Risk Factors for Female Cardiovascular Disease Patients in Malaysia

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one killer among women in Malaysia and globally, with over two million deaths each year. In this study, two modelling approaches namely Bayesian approach and frequentist approach were considered to identify associated risk factors in CVD among female patients presenting with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and to obtain feasible model to fit the data. Comparisons were made to find the best model. A total of 874 STEMI female patients from 18 participating hospitals across Malaysia in the National Cardiovascular Disease Database-Acute Coronary Syndrome (NCVD-ACS) registry year 2006-2013 were analysed. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed for both Bayesian and frequentist approaches. Six variables namely smoking, dyslipidaemia, myocardial infarction (MI), renal disease, Killip class and age group were found to be significant at the multivariate analysis. The standard errors obtained from the Bayesian approach were much smaller than the frequentist approach. Also, the model fit using Bayesian approach was much better than the frequentist as the deviance value produced by the Bayesian approach was smaller. The Bayesian analysis provides a better alternative to the frequentist approach in the analysis of the risk factors associated with mortality among female CVD patients.
Systematics and Zoogeography of the Rock Basses (Centrarchidae: Ambloplites)

Abstract This study examines the role that historical events have played in the diversification of members of the genus Ambloplites by estimating divergence times of clades within the genus. DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene were used to develop phylogenetic hypotheses for Ambloplites using maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods. The timing of diversification within and between species of Ambloplites was estimated using nonparametric rate-smoothing and penalized likelihood methods calibrated by fossil dates. Monophyly of three of the four species was supported. The ages of the most recent common ancestors of species of Ambloplites estimated in this study confirm earlier estimates that in most instances, their origins occurred prior to the Pleistocene. A comparison of estimated divergence times of lineages to sea level fluctuations indicates a correspondence to extremely high or low sea stands throughout the Neogene Period. Populations of Ambloplites in the Ozarks and Ouachita highlands previously assigned to A. ariommus appear to have either been introgressed by A. rupestris or were misidentified as A. ariommus. Ambloplites rupestris displays low genetic divergence throughout its range and is consistent with a re-colonization of previously glaciated areas following the Pleistocene.
Purification and Cahracyterization of te Brain Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase (Kinase II), Which Is involved in the Activtion of Tryptophan 5-Monooxygnase

Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (kinase II) [Yamauchi, T. and Fujisawa, H. (1980) FEBS Lett. 116 141–144] which is involed in the activation of tryptophan 5-monoosygenase was purified 720-fold wiht a 36% yield from rat cerebvral cortex using ammonium sulfate and chromatography on Sepharose CL-4B, Calmodulin-Sepharose 4B and phosphocellulose. The purified enzyme showed one major protein band corresponding in to a molecular weight of 55000 and a faint band upo0n sodium dodecyl sufate/polyacrylamide disc gel electophoresis, wherase it gave a single protein band upon polyacrylamide gel electroporesis whithout soudium dodecyl sulfate. The molecualar weight ad th sedimentation coeffieient of the kinase were dtermined to be 540000 by sedimentation equilibrium and 16.5 S by sucrose density gradient cntrifugation. The Kinase required absolutely calmodulin and Ca2+ for its activity and the apparent Ka values for calmodulin and Ca+2 were 10 nM and 1.6 μM respectively. The Km values for ATP and Mg2+ wer calculated to be 0.06 mM and 1 mM, respectively. The concentration of tryptophan 5-monooxygenase required to produece half-maximal effects on ist activation by the kinase was estimated to be as low as 0.3 nM, on the basis of th finding that the molecular weight and the specific activity of trytophan 5-monooxygenas were 245000 and 374 nmol min−1 mg oprotein−1 respectively [Nakata, H. and Fuisawa, H. (1982) Eur. J. Biochem. 122, 41–47]. The kinase phosphorylated casein, smooth muscle myosin light chain as well some endogenous protiens of brain cytosol. The enzyme did not phoisphorylte significantly histone, protamine, and phsphorlyase. b. Some other proterties of he Kinase were exiamined.
Toxicity of the fungal metabolite griseofulvin to Helicoverpa zea and Spodoptera frugiperda

Griseofulvin is a fungal metabolite that can be considered a mycotoxin but is used pharmaceutically to treat topical fungal infections. It was found to be toxic to both the corn earworm. Helicoverpa zea Boddie, and the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), at 250 ppm in diets. Its toxicity was enhanced by exposure to ultraviolet light, suggesting it can be photoactivated. Its toxicity was also enhanced by coincorporated δ‐amino levulinic acid, suggesting it interferes with porphyrin synthesis in these insects. Differences in toxicity and rates of metabolism caused by coincorporated piperonyl butoxide suggested unspecific monooxygenases were relatively more important in griseofulvin activation in H. zea and detoxification in S. frugiperda.
An Empirical Analysis of Insurer Participation in the U.S. Cyber Insurance Market

The U.S. property-casualty insurance industry has witnessed substantial growth in the cyber insurance market over the past decade, largely attributable to the proliferation of technology in the business world paired with the greater occurrence of cyber-related loss activity. While cyber insurance plays an increasingly important role both in the insurance industry and in the worldwide economy, relatively little is known about participation and performance in the cyber insurance market. Using a unique panel dataset made available through recent mandatory disclosures, we examine market trends, factors associated with market participation, and firm-specific characteristics related to performance. Among our findings, the results indicate that the cyber insurance market is highly concentrated and that firm-specific characteristics such as size, business mix, reinsurance, and organizational structure tend to impact both participation and the extent of participation in the market. Furthermore, we show that classification as an excess and surplus (E&S) lines insurer and group affiliation are particularly significant drivers of cyber market involvement. Finally, we offer evidence that while cyber insurance is a profitable line of business for market participants, factors such as insurer size, reinsurance use, diversification, group affiliation, organizational structure, and status as an E&S insurer each influence performance in different and important ways.
Users’ Knowledge Sharing on Social Networking Sites

ABSTRACT As social networking sites (SNSs) have become quite popular, organizations have used SNSs to support their various business processes. A growing trend is that organizations increasingly encourage consumers to contribute knowledge via SNSs. The contributed knowledge can help organizations to improve their products/services and therefore these contributions have great business value. As consumers are outside of the organization and may not maintain a close relationship, it can be quite challenging to encourage consumer engagement with knowledge sharing on SNSs. This study develops a research model to examine how community identification and trust support consumer knowledge sharing on SNSs, as well as their antecedents. The results demonstrate that community identification and trust facilitate consumer knowledge sharing behavior. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the important role of community identification in the process of knowledge sharing. The results provide practitioners with guidelines for SNSs and to encourage consumer knowledge sharing.
First report of powdery mildew on Sorbaria

During 2006, leaves of Sorbaria sorbifolia (Rosaceae) with chlorotic patches on the adaxial surface were observed (Fig. 1) at RHS Garden Wisley, UK. Epiphyllous superficial mycelium typical of powdery mildew was initially observed with a…
Hypogymnia minilobata (Parmeliaceae), a new lichen from coastal California

Abstract Hypogymnia minilobata is described as a new species of lichenized fungi from the coast of southern California and the Channel Islands. Previously lumped under H. occidentalis, H. minilobata is distinguished from that species by its small size, consistently appressed growth form, slightly smaller and more elongate spores, and distinct ITS and GPD sequences. So far H. minilobata is known from coastal scrub and woodlands, and is especially common in the Los Osos and Baywood areas of San Luis Obispo County, California.
Habitat, distribuição e aspectos adaptativos de peixes da microbacia do ribeirão Grande, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v26i1.1656

Habitat, distribution and adaptation features of fishes in ribeirao Grande microbasin, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The ichthyofauna of ribeirao Grande microbasin that runs through one of the few remaining fragments of Atlantic Forest (in Mantiqueira mountain range, Valley of Paraiba) was studied. Fish samples were obtained with an electric fishing powered by a maximum capacity generator of 155 V and 60-Hz alterning current, gill-nets and traps. In three collecting days, during July/2001, October/2001, January/2002 and April/2002, 2865 fishes were sampled. These fishes belonged to 12 families, 23 genera and 37 species. The species were more abundant between the piedmont and the plain of the Valley of Paraiba. The Characidium, Trichomycterus genera and the Imparfinis minutus species presented only one ovary or testis and no swim bladder. The ecological significance of morphological features in stream mountain fishes was used to predict the niche adaptation for those conditions, towards K-strategy.
Of Animal and Men: The Importance of Animal Environment to Antimicrobial Resistance: A One Health Approach

The contribution of the animal environments to the worsening of the global antimicrobial resistance framework is related to the use of antimicrobials in subtherapeutic doses and, for long periods, establishing ideal conditions for the circulation of resistance genes, which can be transmitted to pathogens adapted to the human microbiota. The study of the animal environment as conducive to the acceleration of resistance evolution is an emerging and critical area for understanding the development and dissemination of resistance genes among the circulating bacteria. The connection between people, animals, and the environment allows us to consider antimicrobial resistance in an approach within the “One Health” concept, which provides a global strategy for expanding collaboration and interdisciplinary communication. This chapter will highlight the emergence of colistin resistance, a great challenge in antimicrobial resistance field. Also, it will focus on some agents included in the priority list of superbugs of the World Health Organization (WHO) or correlated species already identified in veterinary medicine, such as the critical superbugs; priority level 1, Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and ESBL-producing Carbapenemic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; and the high-priority, level 2, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Distance dynamics based overlapping semantic community detection for node‐attributed networks

In recent years, due to the rise of social, biological, and other rich content graphs, several novel community detection methods using structure and node attributes have been proposed. Moreover, nodes in a network are naturally characterized by multiple community memberships and there is growing interest in overlapping community detection algorithms. In this paper, we design a weighted vertex interaction model based on distance dynamics to divide the network, furthermore, we propose a distance Dynamics‐based Overlapping Semantic Community detection algorithm(DOSC) for node‐attribute networks. The method is divided into three phases: Firstly, we detect local single‐attribute subcommunities in each attribute‐induced graph based on the weighted vertex interaction model. Then, a hypergraph is constructed by using the subcommunities obtained in the previous step. Finally, the weighted vertex interaction model is used in the hypergraph to get global semantic communities. Experimental results in real‐world networks demonstrate that DOSC is a more effective semantic community detection method compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Prediction of High Capabilities in the Development of Kindergarten Children

Analysis and prediction of children’s behavior in kindergarten is a current need of the Cuban educational system. Despite such an early age, the kindergarten institutions are devoted to facilitate the integral children development. However, the early detection of high capabilities in a child is not always accomplished accurately; due to teachers being mostly focused on the performance of the children that are lagging behind to achieve their age range’s stated goals. In addition, the amount of children with high capabilities is usually low, which makes the prediction an imbalanced data problem. Thus, such children tend to be misguided and overlaid, with a negative impact in their sociological development. The purpose of this research is to propose an efficient algorithm that enhances the prediction in the kindergarten children data. We obtain a useful set of instances and features, thus improving the Nearest Neighbor accuracy according to the Area under the Receiving Operating Characteristic curve measure. The obtained results are of great interest for Cuban educational system, regarding the rapidly and precise prediction of the presence or absence of high capabilities for integral personality development in kindergarten children.
Efeito de fertilizantes nitrogenados na produtividade de melão

A study was carried at Petrolina-PE, Brazil, with the melon crop (Cucumis melo L.), cv. Valenciano Amarelo, in a Red-Yellow Latosol with the objective of evaluating the effect of nitrogen fertilizers sources and their combinations, applied through the conventional way and through water irrigation during the crop cycle. The experimental design was a split block with four replica- tions and nine treatments: 1. control (without N); 2. urea; 3. ammonium sulphate, both applied con- ventionally; 4. urea applied up to 42 days after germination; 5. ammonium sulphate applied up to 42 days after germination; 6. urea applied up to 15 days and potassium nitrate from 16 to 42 days after germination; 7. urea applied up to 15 days and ammonium sulphate from 16 to 42 days; 8. urea applied up to 30 days and potassium nitrate from 31 to 42 days, and 9. urea applied up to 15 days, ammonium sulphate from 16 to 30 days and potassium nitrate from 31 to 42 days, at the level of 80 kg/ha of N. The fertilizers used during the crop cycle (treatments 4 to 9) were applied through irrigation water. It was found that urea applied through fertirrigation up to 42 days provided higher yield (31.14 ton/ha), not differing, however, from the other treatments, with the exception of the control and ammonium sul- phate, which gave the lowest yields (25.06 and 24.65 ton/ha, respectively). It was found a variation in fruit mean weight from 1.63 to 1.84 kg/fruit. There was no significant difference in total soluble solid content ( o Brix ) among the treatments.
Trait-based and phylogenetic associations between parasites and their hosts: a case study with small mammals and fleas in the Palearctic

We investigated the associations between ecological (density, shelter structure), morphological (body mass, hair morphology) and physiological traits (basal metabolic rate) of small mammals and ecological (seasonality of reproduction, microhabitat preferences, abundance, host specificity) and morphological (presence and number of combs) traits of their flea parasites that shape host selection processes by fleas. We adapted the extended version of the three-table ordination and linked species composition of flea assemblages of host species with traits and phylogenies of both hosts and fleas. Fleas with similar trait values, independent of phylogenetic affinities, were clustered on the same host species. Fleas possessing certain traits selected hosts possessing certain traits. Fleas belonging to the same phylogenetic lineage were found on the same host more often than expected by chance. Certain phylogenetic lineages of hosts harbored certain phylogenetic lineages of fleas. The process of host selection by fleas appeared to be determined by reciprocal relationships between host and flea traits, as well as between host and flea phylogenies. We concluded that the connection between host and flea phylogenies, coupled with the connection between host and flea traits, suggests that the species compositions of the host spectra of fleas were driven by the interaction between historical processes and traits.