Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Control of a Networked Mobile Robot Subject to Parameter Uncertainties and Limited Communications

A nonholonomic mobile robot, affected by parameter uncertainties and controlled over a communication network under limited bandwidth, is considered in this paper. Adaptive backstepping controller is designed to compensate the uncertainties in the model parameters. Thereafter, an event-triggered scheme is proposed based on a Lyapunov-based triggering condition in order to reduce the unnecessary utilization of network resources. Compared to traditional time-triggered implementation, simulation results show that the proposed control scheme successfully ensures faithful trajectory tracking with substantial saving of input resources characterized by number of required control signal transmissions.
The 2019 Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) White Paper on Contemporary Grading of Prostate Cancer.

CONTEXT. — Controversies and uncertainty persist in prostate cancer grading. OBJECTIVE. — To update grading recommendations. DATA SOURCES. — Critical review of the literature along with pathology and clinician surveys. CONCLUSIONS. — Percent Gleason pattern 4 (%GP4) is as follows: (1) report %GP4 in needle biopsy with Grade Groups (GrGp) 2 and 3, and in needle biopsy on other parts (jars) of lower grade in cases with at least 1 part showing Gleason score (GS) 4 + 4 = 8; and (2) report %GP4: less than 5% or less than 10% and 10% increments thereafter. Tertiary grade patterns are as follows: (1) replace "tertiary grade pattern" in radical prostatectomy (RP) with "minor tertiary pattern 5 (TP5)," and only use in RP with GrGp 2 or 3 with less than 5% Gleason pattern 5; and (2) minor TP5 is noted along with the GS, with the GrGp based on the GS. Global score and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsies are as follows: (1) when multiple undesignated cores are taken from a single MRI-targeted lesion, an overall grade for that lesion is given as if all the involved cores were one long core; and (2) if providing a global score, when different scores are found in the standard and the MRI-targeted biopsy, give a single global score (factoring both the systematic standard and the MRI-targeted positive cores). Grade Groups are as follows: (1) Grade Groups (GrGp) is the terminology adopted by major world organizations; and (2) retain GS 3 + 5 = 8 in GrGp 4. Cribriform carcinoma is as follows: (1) report the presence or absence of cribriform glands in biopsy and RP with Gleason pattern 4 carcinoma. Intraductal carcinoma (IDC-P) is as follows: (1) report IDC-P in biopsy and RP; (2) use criteria based on dense cribriform glands (>50% of the gland is composed of epithelium relative to luminal spaces) and/or solid nests and/or marked pleomorphism/necrosis; (3) it is not necessary to perform basal cell immunostains on biopsy and RP to identify IDC-P if the results would not change the overall (highest) GS/GrGp part per case; (4) do not include IDC-P in determining the final GS/GrGp on biopsy and/or RP; and (5) "atypical intraductal proliferation (AIP)" is preferred for an intraductal proliferation of prostatic secretory cells which shows a greater degree of architectural complexity and/or cytological atypia than typical high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, yet falling short of the strict diagnostic threshold for IDC-P. Molecular testing is as follows: (1) Ki67 is not ready for routine clinical use; (2) additional studies of active surveillance cohorts are needed to establish the utility of PTEN in this setting; and (3) dedicated studies of RNA-based assays in active surveillance populations are needed to substantiate the utility of these expensive tests in this setting. Artificial intelligence and novel grading schema are as follows: (1) incorporating reactive stromal grade, percent GP4, minor tertiary GP5, and cribriform/intraductal carcinoma are not ready for adoption in current practice.
Study of Controlling Methods of Inverters used in the Grid in conjunction with renewable energy sources

Power converter devices interfaces the grid with RESs which injects the harmonic current in the system. Hence, this paper presents different controlling schemes for inverters used in the grid. Phase-shifting control of single-phase inverter has been shown in this paper which provides power control injecting to the grid. $3-\varphi$ inverter control involves dq control, $\alpha\beta$ control, and abc control. The use of voltage (reactive) and frequency (active) control scheme provides mitigation of voltage harmonics. Various scheme for controlling Multi-Functional Grid-connected inverter involves double loop dq control on the basis of discrete Fast Fourier Transform and Phase Lock Loop method is used which helps in coordination of active (frequency) and reactive (voltage) power control. Various controlling method for Z-source inverter has been presented which helps in improvement of the quality of power of the distribution system.
Factors affecting nutrient digestibility in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a plant protein–based diet supplemented with microbial phytase

Factors influencing apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of nutrients from a plant protein–based diet supplemented with microbial phytase were investigated in a series of experiments with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The influence of phytase level, water temperature, feed particle size and addition of a protease/non-starch polysaccharidase (PNSP) enzyme cocktail were tested in a phytase-supplemented (2000 FTU kg−1) diet. Finally, the influence of Ca/P ratio, addition of 1,25-hydroxycholeocalciferol, or inclusion of lactic acid (LA) in diets with and without phytase was evaluated. Addition of microbial phytase improved ADC of dry matter (DM), protein, ash and minerals (P, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn) (P < 0.05). Reducing feed particle size potentiated the effect of phytase on P and ash ADC, as did the addition of a PNSP enzyme cocktail; the latter also significantly improved DM ADC in both control and phytase-supplemented diets. Increasing the Ca/P ratio reduced the effect of phytase on P and ash ADC. Addition of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and LA had no effect on DM, P and ash ADC in control diets and tended to reduce the phytase-induced increase in P ADC.
A novel micellar formulation based on natural plant extracts enhances the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide against biofilms of Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract The antibacterial efficacy of hydrogen peroxide encapsulated in micelles (mH2O2) against biofilms was compared with that of hydrogen peroxide alone and of three commercially available aqueous biocides. The activity of mH2O2 on 24-h biofilms of reference strains of Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested in a static microtiter plate model. The biofilms were incubated with mH2O2 (17% v/v H2O2, 2% lactic acid, 0.3% phytoextract, H2O) and its individual ingredients and compared with three aqueous biocides at different concentrations and times of exposure. After 5-min exposure, 10% mH2O2 (corresponding to 1.7% v/v H2O2) achieved > 8 log10 reductions against all the test strains, while 1.7% H2O2 achieved a maximum of 1.5 log10 reduction. After 5-min exposure, none of the commercially available biocides tested showed themselves to be capable of completely eliminating the test strains embedded in biofilms. Hydrogen peroxide encapsulated in micelles demonstrated enhanced activity against planktonic cells and biofilms of Staphylococcus spp. and P. aeruginosa.
Robust Task Learning Based on Nonlinear Regression With Mixtures of Student-t Distributions

We propose a robust task learning method based on nonlinear regression model with mixtures of $t$ -distributions. The model can adaptively reduce the effects of complex noises and accurately learn the nonlinear structure of targets. By introducing latent variables, the model is expressed into a hierarchical structure, which helps explain the advantage of flexibility compared to the traditional Gaussian based learning model. We develop a two-stage efficient estimation procedure to obtain penalized likelihood estimator of the parameters combined an expectation-maximization algorithm with Lagrange multiplier method. The learning performances of the model are investigated through experiments on both synthetic and real data sets.
The CLAW hypothesis: a review of the major developments

Environmental context. Understanding the role of clouds in the warming and the cooling of the planet and how that role alters in a warming world is one of the biggest uncertainties climate change researchers face. Important in this regard is the influence on cloud properties of cloud condensation nuclei, the tiny atmospheric particles necessary for the nucleation of every single cloud droplet. The anthropogenic contribution to cloud condensation nuclei is known to be large in some regions through knowledge of pollutant emissions; however, the natural processes that regulate cloud condensation nuclei over large parts of the globe are less well understood. The CLAW hypothesis provides a mechanism by which plankton may modify climate through the atmospheric sulfur cycle via the provision of sulfate cloud condensation nuclei. The CLAW hypothesis was published over 20 years ago and has stimulated a great deal of research. Abstract. The CLAW hypothesis has for 20 years provided the intriguing prospect of oceanic and atmospheric systems exhibiting in an intimately coupled way a capacity to react to changing climate in a manner that opposes the change. A great number of quality scientific papers has resulted, many confirming details of specific links between oceanic phytoplankton and dimethylsulfide (DMS) emission to the atmosphere, the importance of DMS oxidation products in regulation of marine atmospheric cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) populations, and a concomitant influence on marine stratocumulus cloud properties. However, despite various links in the proposed phytoplankton–DMS–CCN–cloud albedo climate feedback loop being affirmed, there has been no overall scientific synthesis capable of adequately testing the hypothesis at a global scale. Moreover, significant gaps and contradictions remain, such as a lack of quantitative understanding of new particle formation processes in the marine atmospheric boundary layer, and of the extent to which dynamical, rather than microphysical, cloud feedbacks exist. Nevertheless, considerable progress has been made in understanding ‘Earth System Science’ involving the integration of ocean and atmospheric systems inherent in the CLAW hypothesis. We present here a short review of this progress since the publication of the CLAW hypothesis.
P53-induced MRVI1 mediates carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancer types worldwide. Despite the advancements in current diagnosis and treatment strategies of CRC, the incidence and mortality rates of CRC have been rising. To explore novel mechanism of CRC, this study focused on the expression pattern and functional mechanism of murine retrovirus integration site 1 (MRVI1) in CRC. Methods: Tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected from CRC patients, and the expression levels of MRVI1 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. MRVI1 knockdown was achieved by shRNA in HCT116 and HT29 cells, followed by CCK-8 assay to detect the cell proliferation, and caspase-3 activity assay combined with nucleosome ELISA assay to detect cell apoptosis. Transwell assay was used to detect cell invasion and luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the activation of the MRVI1 promoter by p53. Results: MRVI1 was downregulated in CRC tissues and several CRC cell lines. Knockdown of MRVI1 enhanced the proliferation and apoptosis, while promoted invasion and stemness of CRC cells. Mechanism study revealed that MRVI1 was transcriptionally activated by p53 at its upstream. In addition, p53-induced inhibition of CRC prognosis depended on MRVI1. Conclusion: MRVI1 inhibited the prognosis of CRC via a mechanism involving p53 activation. MRVI1 could serve as a potential target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Role of PTH1R Signaling in Prx1+ Mesenchymal Progenitors during Eruption

Tooth eruption is a complex process requiring precise interaction between teeth and adjacent tissues. Molecular analysis demonstrates that bone remodeling plays an essential role during eruption, suggesting that a parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) gene mutation is associated with disturbances in bone remodeling and results in primary failure of eruption (PFE). Recent research reveals the function of PTH1R signaling in mesenchymal progenitors, whereas the function of PTH1R in mesenchymal stem cells during tooth eruption remains incompletely understood. We investigated the specific role of PTH1R in Prx1+ progenitor expression during eruption. We found that Prx1+-progenitors occur in mesenchymal stem cells residing in alveolar bone marrow surrounding incisors, at the base of molars and in the dental follicle and pulp of incisors. Mice with conditional deletion of PTH1R using the Prx1 promoter exhibited arrested mandibular incisor eruption and delayed molar eruption. Micro–computed tomography, histomorphometry, and molecular analyses revealed that mutant mice had significantly reduced alveolar bone formation concomitant with downregulated gene expression of key regulators of osteogenesis in PTH1R-deficient cells. Moreover, culturing orofacial bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) from Prx1Cre;PTH1Rfl/fl mice or from transfecting Cre recombinase adenovirus in OMSCs from PTH1Rfl/fl mice suggested that lack of Pth1r expression inhibited osteogenic differentiation in vitro. However, bone resorption was not affected by PTH1R ablation, indicating the observed reduced alveolar bone volume was mainly due to impaired bone formation. Furthermore, we found irregular periodontal ligaments and reduced Periostin expression in mutant incisors, implying loss of PTH1R results in aberrant differentiation of periodontal ligament cells. Collectively, these data suggest that PTH1R signaling in Prx1+ progenitors plays a critical role in alveolar bone formation and periodontal ligament development during eruption. These findings have implications for our understanding of the physiologic and pathologic function of PTH1R signaling in tooth eruption and the progression of PFE.
A computational model for saliency detection based on probability distributions

iNVT ST AC09 AC10 HZ08 AIM BITS Task: detect salient objects We present a computational attention system that quickly detects salient objects in web images. It can deal with real-world images and different object sizes. Details in [1]. Approach: Use standard structure of visual attention systems [2]: separate feature channels, different scales, center-surround Represent feature statistics by multivariate normal distributions Compare distributions with the Wasserstein metric based on Euclidean norm. Obtains good results on psychophysical data and outperforms 9 state-of-the-art saliency systems on the MSRA benchmark [3,4]. CoDi-Saliency: Continuous Distribution Saliency use two basic feature channels: intensity and color (red-green + blue-yellow opponents) compute basic features on 12 scales compute center-surround contrast of basic feature distributions based on W2 first fuse information from scales, then combine channels into a single saliency map
Menopausal hormone therapy use and long‐term all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project

Previous studies have observed a reduced mortality risk associated with menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) use among breast cancer survivors. We sought to clarify whether such association could be explained by tumor heterogeneity, specific causes of death, confounding from comorbidities or health behaviors, and a comparison group of women without breast cancer. We interviewed 1508 women newly diagnosed with first primary breast cancer in 1996 to 1997 (~3 months after diagnosis), and 1556 age‐matched women without breast cancer, about MHT use history. The National Death Index was used to ascertain vital status after a median of 17.6 years of follow‐up (N = 597 deaths for breast cancer subjects). Multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for all‐cause mortality, and cause‐specific HR (cHR) for breast cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Fine‐Gray model was used to account for competing causes of death. Among women with breast cancer, ever vs never MHT use was inversely associated with all‐cause (HR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.62‐0.95), breast cancer‐specific (cHR = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.48‐0.98), and CVD‐specific mortality (cHR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.38‐0.85). Difference of the association was observed in breast cancer‐specific mortality according to hormone receptor status (negative tumors: cHR = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.19‐1.01; positive tumors: cHR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.60‐1.53). Among the comparison group, we observed similar, but more modest inverse associations for all‐cause and CVD‐specific mortality. MHT use was inversely associated with mortality after breast cancer, even after accounting for competing causes of death and multiple confounders, and was evident among women without breast cancer. Potential heterogeneity by hormone receptor status requires more study.
Performance Evaluation of Shunt Active Power Filter for Aircraft System

In this paper, a three phase two level converter as a shunt active power filter (SAPF) is proposed to compensate the harmonics present in source current of the aircraft electric power system due to non-linear loads. DC Link voltage of the capacitor used in Voltage Source Converter is balanced by a PI controller. Conductance based Fryze current minimization algorithm is used as control scheme for determination of reference compensation of currents. Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) is employed for the switching of Voltage Source Converter. The simulations are carried out in Simulink/MATLAB in which the steady state as well as unbalance performance is demonstrated. In proposed active power filter, THD of supply current is found well within MIL-STD-704F as well as IEEE Std. 519.
Oil-Free Culture System for in Vitro Bovine Embryo Production

The use of oil to avoid water evaporation from cell culture has several disadvantages, amongst which there is the migration of compounds from media to oil and from oil to media. The aim of this study was to evaluate the osmolality of a culture system using fourwell plates with water in the central hole as an alternative to in vitro bovine embryo production (IVP). In addition, the osmolality changes of the oocyte washing medium were assessed in 35 mm dishes with or without 2 mL of silicon oil overlay. Osmolality of oocyte washing medium changed a great deal over time after 60 minutes on a 39°C heated plate (291 mOsm kg−1), which was not detected when the medium was overlaid with silicon oil (280 mOsm kg−1; P<0.05). During the maturation period, the presence of water in the central hole of four-well plates maintained the osmolality in the same pattern as oil overlay (293±0 vs 294±1.8 mOsm kg−1; P>0.05). Blastocyst rates were higher when embryos were cultured in presence of water or oil (29.7 and 29.9% for water and 33% in oil conventional microdrop system), except in the group that oocytes were washed in hyperosmotic washing medium (15.1%; P<0.05). Groups cultured in absence of water in the central hole had lower blastocyst rates (P<0.05) independently of exposure (15.5%) or not (16.2 and 16.8%) to hyperosmotic washing medium. In conclusion, fourwell plates with water in the central hole can be an alternative to replace oil overlay for bovine IVP, maintaining stable osmolality and embryo development rates.
Communication Cues and Engagement Behavior: Identifying Advertisement Strategies to Attract Middle-Aged Adults to a Study of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program

Introduction Low- and middle-income, middle-aged adults have high rates of disease and death from chronic disease, yet their participation in self-management programs is low. This may be because advertisements for such programs often target elderly, predominantly white, affluent adults. Our study used data from a parent randomized controlled trial to identify theoretically driven advertisement cues to engage low- and middle-income, middle-aged adults in the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP). Methods A framework that combined the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Protection Motivation Theory was used to guide χ2 and regression analyses to assess relationships between advertisement cue preferences and 5 stages of cognitive engagement (cue processing, cognitive appraisal of the advertised study, motivation to enroll) and behavioral engagement of study participants (enrollment and program participation). Results One advertisement cue (taking control of one’s future) and 1 cue combination (financial security and taking control of one’s future) were significantly associated with study enrollment, as were motivation to enroll and cue processing. Conclusion These results can inform CDSMP recruitment efforts to better engage low- and middle-income, middle-aged adults in an effort to mitigate the disproportionate burden of chronic disease in this population.
Estimating Robustness Through Kirchhoff Index in Mesh Graphs

The Kirchhoff index is a new measure of network robustness. In this paper, we study the robustness of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n \times m$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mesh graphes (denoted by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{n\times m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) by determining the most important edges and the least important edges. In other words, we aim to find the edges (denoted by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$edge_{max}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) which have the biggest impact on the Kirchhoff index after the edge is deleted and the edges (denoted by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$edge_{min}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) which have the least impact on Kirchhoff index after the edge is deleted. The distributions of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$edge_{max}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$edge_{min}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are fully characterized. Consequently, we propose a new strategy called modified resistance distance strategy to locate <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$edge_{max}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$edge_{min}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{n\times m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The applicability and rationality of the modified resistance distance strategy in mesh graphs is proved by comparing with other known strategies, such as the semi-random strategy, the degree product strategy and the resistance distance strategy. Moreover, the modified resistance distance strategy is still applicable in mesh graphs when we use the algebraic connectivity as the measure of graph robustness.