Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flow and jamming of a two-dimensional granular bed: Toward a nonlocal rheology?

In order to test the rheology of granular flows, we performed series of numerical simulations of nearly monodisperse stationary chute flows from rapid to slow and very slow flow regime, namely, close to the jamming transition. We check how existing rheological models (i.e., Bagnold’s model and the I-model) capture the behavior of the numerical flows, and perform an acute characterization of the structure of the flow in terms of grains velocity fluctuations close to the jamming transition. The simulations show that both Bagnold’s and the I-model fail to describe the data points in the slow regime, namely, when I≤2×10−2. Turning to the analysis of grains velocity fluctuations, we compute the associated correlation length λ and show its dependence on the inertial number: λ/d∝I−0.32. The amplitude of the grains velocity fluctuations, namely, the granular temperature, exhibits a power-law dependence on the shear rate and allows for an efficient prediction of the shape of the velocity profiles. The main result consists of a scaling merging all data points for all flow regimes onto the same master curve, and relating granular temperature, shear rate, and the variation of stress between the considered depth and the bottom wall. This scaling can be written as a relation between local stress, local shear rate, and local temperature, provided the introduction of a characteristic length scale ξ=d(H−z)/z where both the distance to the surface and the distance to the bottom wall are involved. This scaling strongly suggests a nonlocal behavior, valid in the flow regime and extending close to the jamming transition, and hints at granular temperature as the variable at the origin of the nonlocality.In order to test the rheology of granular flows, we performed series of numerical simulations of nearly monodisperse stationary chute flows from rapid to slow and very slow flow regime, namely, close to the jamming transition. We check how existing rheological models (i.e., Bagnold’s model and the I-model) capture the behavior of the numerical flows, and perform an acute characterization of the structure of the flow in terms of grains velocity fluctuations close to the jamming transition. The simulations show that both Bagnold’s and the I-model fail to describe the data points in the slow regime, namely, when I≤2×10−2. Turning to the analysis of grains velocity fluctuations, we compute the associated correlation length λ and show its dependence on the inertial number: λ/d∝I−0.32. The amplitude of the grains velocity fluctuations, namely, the granular temperature, exhibits a power-law dependence on the shear rate and allows for an efficient prediction of the shape of the velocity profiles. The main result .
Identification of Novel Vascular Genes Downstream of Islet2 and Nr2f1b Transcription Factors

The genetic regulation of vascular development is not elucidated completely. We previously characterized the transcription factors Islet2 (Isl2) and Nr2f1b as being critical for vascular growth. In this study, we further performed combinatorial microarrays to identify genes that are potentially regulated by these factors. We verified the changed expression of several targets in isl2/nr2f1b morphants. Those genes expressed in vessels during embryogenesis suggested their functions in vascular development. We selectively assayed a potential target follistatin a (fsta). Follistatin is known to inhibit BMP, and BMP signaling has been shown to be important for angiogenesis. However, the fsta’s role in vascular development has not been well studied. Here, we showed the vascular defects in ISV growth and CVP patterning while overexpressing fsta in the embryo, which mimics the phenotype of isl2/nr2f1b morphants. The vascular abnormalities are likely caused by defects in migration and proliferation. We further observed the altered expression of vessel markers consistent with the vascular defects in (fli:fsta) embryos. We showed that the knockdown of fsta can rescue the vascular defects in (fli:fsta) fish, suggesting the functional specificity of fsta. Moreover, the decreased expression of fsta rescues abnormal vessel growth in isl2 and nr2f1b morphants, indicating that fsta functions downstream of isl2/nr2f1b. Lastly, we showed that Isl2/Nr2f1b control vascular development, via Fsta–BMP signaling in part. Collectively, our microarray data identify many interesting genes regulated by isl2/nr2f1b, which likely function in the vasculature. Our research provides useful information on the genetic control of vascular development.
Exploring multivariate representations of indices along linear geographic features

Abstract. A study of the walkability of a Swiss town required finding suitable representations of multivariate geographical da-ta. The goal was to represent multiple indices of walkability concurrently and visualizing the data along the street network it relates to. Different indices of pedestrian friendliness were assessed for short street sections and then mapped to an overlaid grid. Basic and composite glyphs were designed using square- or triangle-areas to display one to four index values concurrently within the grid structure. Color was used to indicate different indices. Implement-ing visualizations for different combinations of index sets, we find that single values can be emphasized or de-emphasized by selecting the color scheme accordingly and that different color selections either allow perceiving sin-gle values or overall trends over the evaluated area. Values for up to four indices can be displayed in combination within the resulting geovisualizations and the underlying gridded road network references the data to its real world locations.
The Effect of Electroacupuncture on Neuronal Apoptosis and Related Functions in Rats with Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Objective: To investigate the effect and significance of electroacupuncture (EA) on neuronal apoptosis and hindlimb motor and bladder functional improvement in rats with acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: Sixty healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham, model, EA, and EA control groups (n = 15 each). EA group rats received EA treatment at Zhibian and Shuidao acupoints seven times daily, whereas EA control group rats received EA at two points, 0.5 cm away from Zhibian and Shuidao, respectively. Histomorphological changes in spinal cord tissue were examined using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. Bcl-2, Bax, and Bad protein levels were detected using immunohistochemistry. Additionally, hindlimb motor function, residual urine volume and maximum bladder capacity were measured. Results: HE staining revealed a morphologically and structurally intact spinal cord in the EA group, and the tissue contained scattered blood cells without edema. In the EA control group, there were small morphological defects in the spinal cord, and the tissue contained fewer blood cells with local edema. Compared with the EA control and model groups, Bax and Bad levels were significantly decreased in the EA group and Bcl-2 expression was increased (P < 0.05). After SCI, hindlimb function scores, residual urine volume, and maximum bladder capacity in rats of the EA group significantly differed from those of the EA control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: EA may induce SCI-induced improvements in hindlimb motor and bladder functions by affecting neuronal apoptosis and relevant gene expression changes.
Resolution of Meta-Accuracy

Do people know when they can trust their metaperceptions (i.e., their beliefs about how they are seen)? The current study is the first to examine whether people can recognize which of their metaperceptions are more or less accurate, and it examines the source of this “resolution. ” In two samples, we assessed meta-accuracy, or the degree to which people’s beliefs about the impressions they made corresponded to the actual impressions they made, for several close acquaintances (e.g., family, friends). We also assessed people’s confidence in the accuracy of their metaperceptions for each acquaintance. Results showed that people recognized when they were more or less “meta-accurate,” particularly in terms of the ways in which they were perceived as distinctive and unique individuals. This ability was partially driven by relationship quality. In sum, people seem to know when to trust their metaperceptions about individuals from their everyday lives.
Bacterial Colonization of the Equine Gut; Comparison of Mare and Foal Pairs by PCR-DGGE *

Horses, like all animals, are born without the symbiotic microbes that occupy the gastrointestinal tracts of mature animals. As grazing animals, horses rely on these microbes to fully utilize the grasses and other cellulosic feeds that they consume. Thus, colonization of the foal's gastrointestinal tract must occur between birth and weaning. The feces of nine mare and foal pairs were sampled from the day of parturition until 12 weeks of age, and the samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The gels from feces of day (d) 0 foals had no or very few ( x = 3, n = 6) bands, which indicates that species richness was low. The number of bands increased during the first 4 days of life, and by d 14 the foals and mares had similar numbers of bands ( x = 28, n = 23). Some bands were present in young foals, but not in mares or in foals on d 42 or d 84, which indicated succession of bacterial species. When the PCR-DGGE profiles were compared with Dice's algorithm, all mare-foal pairwise similarities on d 14 and later were as great as the pairwise similarities between mares. These results are consistent with the idea that foals are born with a sterile gut, colonization proceeds rapidly, and a mature microbial community is present in the first few weeks of life.
Transfer Learning From Simulations on a Reference Anatomy for ECGI in Personalized Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Goal: Noninvasive cardiac electrophysiology (EP) model personalisation has raised interest for instance in the scope of predicting EP cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response. However, the restricted clinical applicability of current methods is due in particular to the limitation to simple situations and the important computational cost. Methods: We propose in this manuscript an approach to tackle these two issues. First, we analyze more complex propagation patterns (multiple onsets and scar tissue) using relevance vector regression and shape dimensionality reduction on a large simulated database. Second, this learning is performed offline on a reference anatomy and transferred onto patient-specific anatomies in order to achieve fast personalized predictions online. Results: We evaluated our method on a dataset composed of 20 dyssynchrony patients with a total of 120 different cardiac cycles. The comparison with a commercially available electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) method shows a good identification of the cardiac activation pattern. From the cardiac parameters estimated in sinus rhythm, we predicted five different paced patterns for each patient. The comparison with the body surface potential mappings (BSPM) measured during pacing and the ECGI method indicates a good predictive power. Conclusion: We showed that learning offline from a large simulated database on a reference anatomy was able to capture the main cardiac EP characteristics from noninvasive measurements for fast patient-specific predictions. Significance: The fast CRT pacing predictions are a step forward to a noninvasive CRT patient selection and therapy optimisation, to help clinicians in these difficult tasks.
Making conservation physiology relevant to policy makers and conservation practitioners

The recognition that physiological tools and knowledge have the potential to inform conservation policy has led to the definition of the nascent discipline of “conservation physiology. ” Indeed, conservation physiology has much to offer policy makers because of the rigorous experimental approach and the focus on elucidating cause‐and‐effect relationships. However, there remain a number of challenges that might retard the adoption of this approach. Here, we identify these challenges and suggest a path for both physiologists and conservation practitioners to integrate their respective fields. One issue is that threat assessments and conservation actions tend to focus on populations or species, whereas physiology tends to focus on individuals, cells, or molecules. Physiologists must determine if and how the physiology of individual organisms can influence population‐level processes. It is also necessary to validate more tools in the “conservation physiology toolbox,” and ensure a thorough understanding of the physiological biomarkers applied to conservation efforts. Research on imperiled taxa will be more useful to those making management decisions, rather than research focused on model species. We also recommend changes in the education of physiologists such that physiologists understand the process of policy making, and the needs of conservation practitioners.
Research on the Effectiveness of Yoga on Preventing Fall for the Elderly

This purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Yoga on prevention of fall of the elderly, and was carried out with controlled trial. Fourty participants were recruited at age 60 to 70 (66.7 ± 4.3). Subjects were divided into two groups, Yoga and Control. Participants in Yoga groups (aged 66.6 ± 2.3) attended three sessions for practicing yoga (each session runs 60 minutes) in the mornings. Participants in Control group (aged 67.5 ± 2.7) maintain daily activities. The Falls Efficacy Scale (FEL) is primary outcome measure. After 12 weeks of Yoga practicing, the participants in Yoga group showed significantly better results in comparison with those of Control group in the FES with p value from . 05 to . 001.
Unusual hyperthermia related to general anaesthesia in an Anatolian shepherd dog

This case report describes the diagnosis, the treatment options available in the absence of dantrolene and outcome of anaesthesia-related hyperthermia seen for the first time in an Anatolian shepherd dog. The case consisted of a nine-month-old male Anatolian shepherd dog with bilateral antebrachium fractures. For surgical treatment, the patient was pre-medicated with xylazine; anaesthesia was induced using ketamine and maintained with isoflurane. Approximately 40 minutes after isoflurane administration, tachypnoea, tachycardia, increase in body temperature and rigidity in the forelegs and masseter muscles was noticed. Inhalation anaesthesia was discontinued and hyperventilation was performed with 100% O2. Due to its vasodilatory properties, diazepam was administered both to achieve muscle relaxation and to decrease body temperature. Alfentanil was used in an attempt to lower respiratory and heart rates. Intravenous administration of cold crystalloid solutions and external ice packs was used to lower body temperature. All these interventions kept the patient alive.
Solving the problem of double negation is not impossible: electrophysiological evidence for the cohesive function of sentential negation

ABSTRACT In natural languages, two negating elements that cancel each other out (as in not impossible) are logically equivalent to the non-negated word form (in this case, possible). It has been proposed that the function of sentential double negation is to create coherence between sentences containing opposing information. Thus, not impossible is functionally different from possible. The present ERP study tested this hypothesis in Dutch. Native speakers read sentences in which evoked negative expectations are cancelled by a second sentence including either a double negation or the corresponding non-negated word form. Results showed that non-negated word forms, such as possible, elicited a larger N400 effect than double negations, such as not impossible. We suggest that canceling out a negative expectation by a double negation compared to the non-negated word form, makes it easier for the reader to integrate the two sentences semantically and connect them to the present discourse.
Spillover and crossover of sex‐based harassment from work to home: Supervisor gender harassment affects romantic relationship functioning via targets' anger

Summary We investigate how gender harassment affects the romantic relationships (i.e., romantic relationship adjustment and romantic relationship efficacy) of female targets (spillover effects) and their romantic partners (crossover effects), and what role targets’ anger in response to their gender harassment plays in these relationships. We explored these questions using two US samples. Sample 1 comprised 206 females, all of whom provided data on their gender harassment experiences, feelings of anger, and romantic relationship functioning. Sample 2 consisted of 60 romantic dyads. Females once again provided data on their gender harassment experiences and feelings of anger; their romantic partners reported on their own romantic relationship functioning. Full support emerged for hypothesized spillover effects: supervisor gender harassment indirectly and negatively influenced targets’ romantic relationship adjustment and romantic relationship efficacy through target anger (Sample 1). Full support also emerged for hypothesized crossover effects: supervisor gender harassment indirectly and negatively influenced the romantic relationship adjustment and romantic relationship efficacy of targets’ romantic partners through target anger (Sample 2). Implications for theory, research, and practice are considered. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating the effect of technology use in education on classroom management within the scope of the FATİH project

This study aims to investigate the effect of technology use in education on classroom management within the scope of the FATIH project, which is a technology integration project. The present study utilizes the descriptive mixed method which involves both qualitative and quantitative methods. “The personal information survey”, “The Effects of Technology Use on Classroom Management Scale” and “the semi-structured interview form” were developed by the researchers for data collection. The scale development study and preliminary applications were carried out before the actual application. The application was conducted in schools which actually used interactive board, tablet computer and software technologies within the framework of the FATIH Project. The study group was made up of 52 teachers serving in various provinces on the secondary education level. The content analysis method was used for analysis of the data obtained using the semi-structured interview form. Quantitative data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H techniques on SPSS 18.0. According to the results obtained in the study, the average scores of intra-classroom relationship and behavior management sub-scale proportional to item count were higher compared to other sub-scales. Average scores obtained from the management of the classroom order and teaching sub-dimension were the lowest. The effect level of technology use by teachers in the classroom on classroom management was moderate. No statistically significant difference was found in terms of effect levels of technology use by teachers in the classroom on classroom management, except for the variable of daily internet use. Considering the results obtained from qualitative data, the perception that interactive board use in the classroom had positive effects on classroom management stood out. It can be said that this perception resulted from use of interactive board as a presentation tool during classes. In contrast, the teachers stated that tablet computer use in the classroom led to time management issues, negative student behaviors and certain interruptions during the class due to access problems.
Bioelectrochemical systems for production of commodity chemicals with simultaneous wastewater treatment

wastewater treatment DTU Orbit (01/12/2018) Bioelectrochemical systems for production of commodity chemicals with simultaneous wastewater treatment Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been emerging as promising sustainable biotechnology for wastewater treatment and production of value-added chemicals (such as H2O2, acetate, and ethanol). However, BESs still face economic and technical challenges, which need considerable attention for achieving full potential at commercial scale. The main objective of this study was to improve the performance and reduce the cost of BESs for chemicals production and pollutants removal. Firstly, a novel bipolar membrane microbial electrolysis cell (MEC)-Fenton system was developed for the efficient treatment of aniline wastewater. In such system, H2O2 was in situ generated at the cathode of MEC, which was simultaneously used as a source of •OH for the degradation of aniline. The aniline was effectively degraded under an applied voltage of 0.5 V with aniline removal efficiency of 97.1±1.2%. Moreover, energy balance demonstrated that the MEC-Fenton system is a promising strategy for removal of persistent organic pollutants from wastewater. In order to reduce the consumption of applied voltage, a hybrid system of the MEC and reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology was developed, for value-added chemicals production and wastewater treatment, which was named microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cell (MREC). In the MREC, electrical potential generated by the exoelectrogenic microbes and salinity-gradient energy between seawater and river water were utilized to drive H2O2 production. Operational parameters such as air flow rate, pH, cathode potential, flow rate of salt and fresh water were investigated. The MREC was further integrated with Fenton system for removal of persistent organic pollutants. This hybrid system has several advantages, such as lower operational costs, lower electrical energy consumption, and higher safety level, which provide an efficient and cost-effective system for the degradation of persistent organic pollutants. Biological conversion of CO2 to value-added chemicals (e.g., acetate and ethanol) in microbial electrosynthesis (MES) has emerged as an attractive approach to address the energy and environmental concerns caused by the fossil fuels. In this study, we designed an innovative MREC system to achieve efficient CO2 conversion. This work expanded the potential of the MREC as an efficient technology platform for simultaneous CO2 capture and synthesis of value-added chemicals.