Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on Primate Crop Feeding in Asian Regions: A Review

Abstract. We reviewed previous literature on primate crop feeding in Asia. We found 134 reports from 14 different countries and regions. More than half of the crop feeding cases involved macaques, followed by colobines, especially common langurs, and to a lesser extent by orangutans. No crop feeding by gibbons, lorises, or tarsiers has been reported. Most reports obtained information about crop feeding through interviews with locals and recorded the crops damaged and troop composition, while a few recorded the activity of the target primates and their population parameters. Crop feeding increased when the field was located near the forest, and when natural food availability decreased. Most farmers used non-lethal countermeasures, while some farmers killed the monkeys, and a few used electrical fences to protect crops. In study sites inhabited by multiple animal species, primates are often the worst crop feeders. Human perception and attitudes toward crop feeding primates were affected by income, residential area, religion, and history of crop feeding. Recent studies have created models based on previous data to clarify the potential risk of crop feeding and to predict the monkeys' ranging patterns. To create models for reducing crop damage and to design conservation strategies, collecting fundamental information is necessary.
MAPLE deposited thin monomer films of maleimidic derivatives for photonics

This paper presents a study of some thin monomer films deposited by MAPLE. These monomers have been synthesised from maleic anhydride and aniline derivatives and are characterized by a molecular structure adequate for the generation of optical non-linear phenomena. UV-VIS, FTIR, Raman and Photoluminescence spectroscopy have been used to investigate the influence of the experimental conditions on the properties of the films. X-Ray Diffraction has evidenced a certain degree of disorder in the thin films, which is correlated with the randomly orientated molecules and AFM images have revealed different roughness for different monomer layers and different substrates. Second harmonic measurements have shown a strong signal emitted by the thin film prepared from the monomer with one [-NH-NH-] donor and two [-NO 2 ] acceptor groups. This thin film is characterized by good transparency and low photoluminescence emission at excitation with the wavelength of the second harmonic (λ~400 nm).
Comparison of the Pathomorphological and Immunohistochemical Findings of Experimental Co-infection Created with Infectious Bronchitis Virus M-41 and Bordetella Avium in Chicks

In this experimental study, our objective was to investigate the macroscopic, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings developed in the respiratory system due to the co-infection with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) M-41 and the commensal Bordetella avium in the respiratory tract in 15-day-old female Brown-Nick chicks. In this study, a total of 70 non-SPF, healthy chicks were randomized into 4 groups. The chicks in Group 1 (n=20) were infected only with IBV-M41 strain; chicks in Group 2 (n=20) were infected with IBV-M41 and B. avium; chicks in Group 3 (n=20) were infected only given B. avium. Group 4 (n = 10) were given sterile physiological saline at the same dose and route. The administration of the strains was performed with an intranasal injection. On the 2nd-7th. , 9th, 11th, 13th, 15th, and 18th days of the post-inoculation, 2 chicks from the experimental groups and 1 chick from the control group were sacrificed. In Group 1, the degenerative and inflammatory changes, which were observed in the 2nd day of infection, disappeared on the 15th day. In Group 2, we noticed bacterial colonies and mucous exudate containing heterophile leukocytes in the lumens of trachea and larynx. Starting from the 13th day, findings related to recovery e.g., in Group 1 were noticed. In the microscopical examination of the tissues by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent methods, we observed the antigenic distribution in the upper respiratory tract in Group 1 between the 2nd and 5th days and in Group 2 between the 2nd and 9th days. However, lungs were involved between the 5th and 11th days in Group 1 and between the 7th and 11th days in Group 2. In conclusion, we determined that the progress of findings was relatively milder in chicks primarily infected with IBV-M41and the findings lasted longer in chicks co-infected with B. avium and IBV caused severe symptoms in chicks in case of co-infection.
Mining the web to discover acronym‐definitions based on sequence labeling and iterative query expansion model

Finding definitions associated with an acronym is a constructive task to many applications like web search, information retrieval, natural language processing, ontology mapping, and question answering. A large‐scale manually built acronym‐definition repositories are available online but updating is a difficult task. To address this problem, previous research works used either heuristics or a machine learning approach to automate the detection of acronym‐definition pairs. This article presents a heuristics approach based on a rule‐based sequence‐labeling model, for finding the list of definitions associated with an acronym from the Web. The organic search result of the web page includes website title, URL, Meta description, and site links. In the proposed work, web pages of the search engine are used as corpus and sequence‐labeling task is done through character and word level mapping schemes. In these schemes, the desirable properties of the definition are expressed by using rules. Each identified definition is validated through a collocation measure. Besides, the obtained results are assessed against a manually built acronym/definitions repository: Acronym Finder. The proposed model certainly improves the coverage of manual repositories maintaining high precision and recall.
Green synthesis, characterization and antioxidant potential of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from de-oiled biomass of thermotolerant oleaginous microalgae Acutodesmus dimorphus

Metal nanoparticles have received global attention due to their widespread biomedical applications. This study demonstrates a sustainable approach for the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using lipid extracted residual biomass of microalgae Acutodesmus dimorphus cultivated in dairy wastewater. A. dimorphus is a thermotolerant green microalgae with biofuel production potential. The residual biomass of A. dimorphus left after lipid extraction was used to prepare microalgal water extract which was further used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Characterization of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the formation of polydispersed, spherical shaped silver nanoparticles with 2–20 nm size. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on the biosynthesis of nanoparticles using de-oiled biomass of microalgae. Further, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited an antioxidant potential which was evaluated using 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) i.e. ABTS and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl i.e. DPPH, free radical scavenging assays. As microalgae are widely distributed in diverse habitats, they exhibit wide potential for the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Such integration of phycology and nanotechnology leads to the development of a new interdisciplinary approach, ‘phyconanotechnology’.
Compact wideband substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter for X/Ku‐band application

This article presents a novel design of a compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) wideband bandpass filter. The proposed bandpass filter offers wide passband, wide lower, and upper band rejection characteristics. First, the filtering response is obtained by loading a single T‐shaped slot on the top of the SIW structure. Later, to achieve wide passband and wide upper band rejection, a pair of T‐shaped slots has been engraved on the top surface. To demonstrate the analysis, the proposed SIW filter has been simulated, fabricated, and tested. The measured S‐parameters are in good agreement with the simulated results, showing wide passband from 8.05 to 15.45 GHz within a 3‐dB fractional bandwidth of 62% at a center frequency of 12 GHz. The measured return loss is fairly good (>17 dB) within the passband and an insertion loss of 0.5 dB, including the loss from two SMA connectors. The fabricated prototype has a compact size of 0. 248λg2.
Quadrotor UAV attitude stabilization using fuzzy robust control

In this paper, a robust controller for attitude stabilization of a small quadrotor helicopter is developed. The TS (Takagi-Sugeno) fuzzy model approach and the H ∞ robust control are combined to produce the proposed algorithm. Besides, disturbances and parametric uncertainties are considered. First, the nonlinear model of the vehicle is linearized around several operating points to obtain the representation of a TS fuzzy model, which represents the nonlinearity of the system dynamics. Then, a robust fuzzy controller is synthesized which guarantees desired control performances. The given controller is designed using numerical tools such as linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Finally, simulation results and real-time experiments are presented to validate the performance of the proposed scheme to robustly stabilize the quadrotor dynamics at the desired reference.
Herbal Medicine for Cervicogenic Dizziness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Herbal medicines (HMs) have been widely used in the treatment of cervicogenic dizziness (CGD) based on their empirical effectiveness and safety. Herein, we reviewed and evaluated the clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of HM for CGD. Methods: Among the relevant studies published up to December 2019 in 11 electronic databases, only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The studies’ methodological quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials, and the strength of evidence for the main findings was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Results: All 17 included RCTs with 1,797 participants were conducted with six types of modified HM prescriptions and three types of active controls. More than half of the included studies were of low quality because of the high risk of bias due to deviations from the intended intervention. HMs plus active controls were more effective in CGD treatment than active controls alone. HMs plus antivertigo drugs, HMs plus manual therapy, and HMs plus acupuncture therapy were all effective in CGD treatment, with HMs plus antivertigo drugs showing the most reliable effect. All HM prescriptions were effective for specific patterns of CGD when administered with active controls, with Banxia Baizhu Tianma tang and Dingxuan tang demonstrating the most reliable effect. No serious adverse events were reported in all included studies. Conclusions: The current evidence suggests that HMs may enhance the treatment effect on CGD when combined with other treatments without serious adverse events. Further high-quality evidence is needed to draw a definite conclusion.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020199222), and the Research Registry (Review Registry Unique Identifying Number: reviewregistry1036)
Impact of Budget Deficit on Economic Growth and Investment in Pakistan

1. Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan 2. Ph. D Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan PAPER INFO ABSTRACT Received: January 06, 2021 Accepted: March 01, 2021 Online: March 15, 2021 This study elaborates the impacts of budget deficit.Empirical research indicates that the shortfall has unfavourable consequences on the threshold, with a fiscal deficit of 5.67% of GDP. Fiscal policy will, therefore, stimulate inflation if the fiscal gap remains below the level. A balanced budget of a nation is essential to achieve sustainable economic development. Pakistan's budget deficit has detrimental economic development impact, study finds. Some measures to discourage such budget debt amounts from exceeding the target amount of increase are planned. The findings have shown that GDP contributes to savings and deficit. The budget deficit, however, would not raise GDP, according to the report. The report often promotes Keynesian budget shortfall beliefs, it says.
All‐Solid‐State Ion Synaptic Transistor for Wafer‐Scale Integration with Electrolyte of a Nanoscale Thickness

Neuromorphic hardware computing is a promising alternative to von Neumann computing by virtue of its parallel computation and low power consumption. To implement neuromorphic hardware based on deep neural network (DNN), a number of synaptic devices should be interconnected with neuron devices. For ideal hardware DNN, not only scalability and low power consumption, but also a linear and symmetric conductance change with a large number of conductance levels is required. Here, an all‐solid‐state polymer electrolyte‐gated synaptic transistor (pEGST) is fabricated on an entire silicon wafer with CMOS microfabrication and initiated chemical vapor deposition process. The pEGST shows good linearity as well as symmetry in potentiation and depression, conductance levels up to 8,192, and low switching energy smaller than 20 fJ pulse−1. Selected 128 levels from 8,192 are used to identify handwritten digits in the MNIST database with the aid of a multilayer perceptron, resulting in a recognition rate of 91.7%.
Universal Accessibility of National Parks in South Africa and Zimbabwe: Park Management Perceptions

ABSTRACT This study sought to establish the perceptions of the management of National Parks in South Africa and Zimbabwe with respect to making their parks universally accessible. This study was set against a background of many people with disabilities who are willing and financially able to patron national parks being denied the opportunity to do so due to various barriers. Using a qualitative approach, the researchers explored the views of the management of South African National Parks (SANPARKS) and Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority (ZimParks) regarding the universal accessibility of National Parks. The study revealed that, generally, the management of the said parks appreciate the plight of people with disabilities who want to visit their parks and would have wanted the parks to be accessible to all people. However, the managers from SANPARKS seemed more willing and prepared to make their parks universally accessible compared to their counterparts from ZimParks.
The impact of home literacy on bilingual vocabulary development

ABSTRACT For bilingual children, home literacy experiences contribute to the development of both languages. In this study, survey data were gathered on the frequency of home literacy activities in two languages for forty-two early-elementary students in a French-English dual language immersion program. Using growth modeling, this study focuses on the effects of print and media exposure on the students’ vocabulary development. Findings suggest no effect of English literacy activities on English baseline vocabulary, whereas there was a positive effect of French literacy activities on French baseline vocabulary. Home language status was a significant factor in French, but not English, vocabulary growth. Results imply that regardless of home language background, for children to develop vocabulary skills in a language other than English, emphasis should be placed on home literacy activities in that language.
The Structural Model of Indicators of Educational Leadership for Primary School Principals

This research aimed at creating a structural model of the indicators of Educational Leadership for Primary School Principals in Thailand, which is considered to be a theoretical model that has been used to test for coherence with the empirical data collected from a sample group of 580 participants, who were selected from 30,719 Primary School Principals from across the country. To create this theoretical structural model, a study of the suitability of the indicators was carried out so that it could be further used in the selection within the model, as well as in the model’s coherence test with the empirical data and in the investigation of the factor loading. The results of the research were as follows: Firstly, all indicators, which had been applied in the research were selected and were then placed into the theoretical structural model because the average and distribution coefficient values were as set in the criteria. Secondly, the theoretical model is coherent with the empirical data as the values of relative Chi-square, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation, Goodness-of-Fit Index, Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index, Comparative Fit Index, and Normed Fit Index were as set in the criteria. Finally, the factor loadings of the key elements, sub-elements, and the indicators were as set in the criteria. This showed that the theoretical model from this research can be beneficial for the research population with construct validity.
Analgesic practices and predictors of use in South Africa-based runners.

BACKGROUND The use of analgesics is prevalent in runners, with an associated potential for serious harm. More information is needed regarding runners' practices and the factors that may influence their use of analgesics, to identify potential sources of misuse or abuse. OBJECTIVES To describe South Africa (SA)-based runners' practices regarding use of analgesics, focusing on the types used, sources of information, and factors predicting use. METHODS This study had a descriptive, cross-sectional design. SA-based runners aged ≥18 years, who had run at least one race during the year preceding the study, were included. Participants were recruited via social media and SA running clubs. They completed an online survey that included demographic information, training and competition history, and analgesic usage practices. RESULTS Data from 332 participants (196 females, 136 males) were analysed. There was a high rate of analgesic use (64%), with 17% of users reporting concomitant use of more than one type of analgesic. The highest rate of analgesic use was after a run (80%). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were the most frequently used analgesics before (71%), during (50%) and after a run (74%). Importantly, NSAIDs and a combination NSAID-containing analgesic were the most common analgesics used concomitantly (19%). Most participants (90%) used over-the-counter analgesics, 41% of them receiving no input from any health professional. Sustaining a running-related injury increased the likelihood of analgesic use almost three-fold (Exp(B)=2.6; 95% confidence interval 1.59 - 2.41; p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A large percentage of runners in our study displayed unsafe practices regarding analgesic use during training and competition, predominantly for perceived injury management. Importantly, the lack of education and recommendations regarding analgesics from health professionals is very concerning, as there is a risk of potentially life-threatening analgesic-induced adverse effects, especially as a high percentage were using two NSAIDs concomitantly. Knowledge of these practices, gained through this study, could allow for the development and implementation of corrective strategies to promote education and safe practice of analgesic use in runners.
Impact of Dimensionality on Optoelectronic Properties of Hybrid Perovskites

Organometal halides are promising materials for photovoltaic applications, offering tunable electronic levels, excellent charge transport, and simplicity of thin-film device fabrication. Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have emerged as promising candidates over three-dimensional (3D) ones due to their interesting optical and electrical properties. However, maximizing the power conversion efficiency is a critical issue to improve the performance of these solar cells. In this work, we studied the photophysics of a two-dimensional (2D) perovskite (CH3NH3)2Pb(SCN)2I2 thin film using steady-state and time-resolved absorption and emission spectroscopy and compared it with the three-dimensional (3D) counterpart CH3NH3PbI3. We observed a higher bandgap and faster charge recombination in (CH3NH3)2Pb(SCN)2I2 compared to CH3NH3PbI3. This work provides an improved understanding of fundamental photophysical processes in perovskite structures and provides the guideline for the design, synthesis, and fabrication of solar cells.
Design of External Rotor Ferrite-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor for High Power Density

The rare-earth (RE) permanent magnets (PM) have been increasingly adopted in traction motor application. However, the RE PM is expensive, less abundant, and has cost uncertainties due to limited market suppliers. This paper presents a new design of a RE-free five-phase ferrite permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (Fe-PMaSynRM) with the external rotor architecture with a high saliency ratio. In such architecture, the low magnetic coercivity and demagnetization risk of the ferrite PM is the challenge. This limits the number of flux barriers, saliency ratio, and reluctance torque. A precise analytical design procedure of rotor and stator configuration is presented with differential evolution numerical optimizations by utilizing a lumped parameter model. A 3.7 kW prototype is fabricated to validate the proposed idea.
A Network Intrusion Based Detection System for Cloud Computing Environment

Cloud computing is an emerging area which provide on demand computing resources and services through internet. It is faster and efficient technique but prone to severe security attacks. In this paper author have proposed a Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) to detect attacks at front end and backend when bulky flow of data packets flowing in a cloud environment. In our framework we used Signature based detection system for identifying the intruder and the Anomaly based detection system for detecting network attacks. The NIDS sensors were placed in a collaborative manner to prevent the attacks and to update the knowledge bases. Author have used supervised learning model to detect abnormal behavior of packets from network traffic. The dataset were trained and tested in terms of precision, recall, accuracy and model build time to select the best machine-learning model for detection of intruder and to improve the computational time and performance.
Towards the assessment of realistic hybrid precoding in millimeter wave MIMO systems with hardware impairments

Hybrid processing in millimeter wave (mmWave) communication has been proposed as a solution to reduce the cost and energy consumption by reducing the number of radio-frequency (RF) chains. However, the impact of the inevitable residual transceiver hardware impairments (RTHIs), including the residual additive transceiver hardware impairments (RATHIs) and the ampliﬁed thermal noise (ATN), has not been sufﬁciently studied in mmWave hybrid processing. In this work, the hybrid precoder and combiner are designed, which include both digital and analog processing by taking into account the RATHIs and the ATN. In particular, a thorough study is provided to shed light on the degradation of the spectral efﬁciency (SE) of the practical system. The outcomes show the steady degradation of the performance by the ATN across all SNR values, which becomes increasingly critical for higher values of its variance. Furthermore, it is shown that RATHIs result in degradation