Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Density of Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Iko River Mangrove Ecosystem, Nigeria

— Sediment and mangrove root samples from Iko River Estuary, Nigeria were analyzed for microbial and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. The total heterotrophic bacterial (THB) count ranged from 1.1x107 to 5.1 x107 cfu/g, total fungal (TF) count ranged from 1.0x106 to 2.7x106 cfu/g, total coliform (TC) count ranged from 2.0x104 to 8.0x104cfu/g while hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial (HUB) count ranged from 1.0x 105 to 5.0 x 105cfu/g. There was a range of positive correlation (r = 0.72 to 0.93) between THB count and total HUB count, respectively. The organisms were The PAH were Naphthalene, individual PAH concentrations that ranged from 0.20mg/kg to 1.02mg/kg, 0.20mg/kg to 1.07mg/kg and 0.2mg/kg to 4.43mg/kg in the benthic sediment, sediment and mangrove roots, respectively. Total PAH ranged from 6.30 to 9.93mg/kg, 6.30 to 9.13mg/kg and 9.66 to 16.68mg/kg in the benthic sediment, epipellic sediment and mangrove roots, respectively. The high concentrations in the mangrove roots are indicative of bioaccumulation of the pollutant in the plant tissue. The microorganisms are of ecological significance and the detectable quantities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon could be partitioned and accumulated in tissues of infaunal and epifaunal organisms in the study area.
Ars 2 Links the Nuclear Cap-Binding Complex to RNA Interference and Cell Proliferation

Joshua J. Gruber,1 D. Steven Zatechka,2,5 Leah R. Sabin,3,5 Jeongsik Yong,4 Julian J. Lum,1 Mei Kong,1 Wei-Xing Zong,1 Zhenxi Zhang,4 Chi-Kong Lau,4,6 Jason Rawlings,2 Sara Cherry,3 James N. Ihle,2 Gideon Dreyfuss,4 and Craig B. Thompson1,* 1Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 2Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA 3Department of Microbiology 4Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 5These authors contributed equally to this work 6Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong *Correspondence: craig@mail.med.upenn.edu DOI 10.1016/j.cell. 2009.04. 046
Sensitivity Comparison of Nested RT-PCR with Immunofluorescence for Diagnosis of Rabies

In the present study sensitivity of diagnosis of rabies with Nested RT-PCR was compared with Immunofluorescence on 20 brain samples. RNA extraction was done using Qiazol method. Synthesis of cDNA was done using rabies specific primers. Nested set of primers were used to amplify highly conserved 762bp nucleoprotein gene region. Nested RT-PCR was able to diagnose rabies viral RNA in 12 out of 13 Immunofluorescence positive cases. Sensitivity of Nested RT-PCR was found to be 92.31% when compared with Immunofluorescence. Thus, the present study concluded that Nested RT-PCR can be served as an additional tool for confirmatory diagnosis of rabies
Marching ahead with clinical trial registration

Editorial Marching ahead with clinical trial registration 175 Barun Kumar Nayak Editorial Policy Statement Statement on publishing clinical trials in Indian biomedical journals 177 K Satyanarayana, Anju Sharma, Purvish Parikh, VK Vijayan, DK Sahu, Barun K Nayak, RK Gulati, Mahendra N Parikh, Prati Pal Singh, SB Bavdekar, U Sreehari, Peush Sahni Review Article Diabetic retinopathy: An update 179 Ramandeep Singh, Kim Ramasamy, Chandran Abraham, Vishali Gupta, Amod Gupta Original Articles An observational study of the proceedings of the All India Ophthalmological Conference, 2000 and subsequent publication in indexed journals 189 Upreet Dhaliwal, Rajeev Kumar
Synaptic organization of the olfactory bulb based on chemical coding of neurons

Olfaction is one of the chemical senses in both vertebrate and invertebrate animals essential for a variety of social behaviors. Recent molecular biological and physiological studies using optical recording have indicated elaborate mechanisms in the main olfactory bulb for processing input from olfactory receptor neurons and control of output to higher centers in the brain. The current challenge is to identify a structural basis for understanding such elaborate molecular and functional organization. Immunocytochemistry and other advanced technologies have enabled us to label bulbar neurons selectively, and they have shown that the olfactory bulb has much greater heterogeneity in chemical and structural neuronal organization and in synaptic connectivity than previously believed. This review describes the structural aspects of the main olfactory bulb of rats and summarizes the findings for its synaptic organization based on chemical coding of neurons. Current uncertainties and issues that need to be clarified in the future are also discussed.
A New Method for Studying Mechanics of Breathing Using Cathode Ray Oscillograph.∗

Summary (1) Pressure-volume curves of the chest and lungs may be portrayed directly on the cathode ray oscilloscope to show the elastic and viscous properties described by previous authors (1,2). Alterations of muscle tone of the thorax affect the pressure-volume curve in such a way as to aid or resist artificial respiration and are immediately detectable by this method. (2) Pressure-flow curves may be recorded in a similar manner. This method permits the easy evaluation of the constants: involved in the equation P = KV + K'V2 which are determined by the physical characteristics of the lung tree. (3) Inertia of the thorax causes a small lag between pressure around the chest and flow at the mouth. This time lag is of the order of one-sixtieth of a second.
Enhancement of digital equivalent voltage flicker measurement via continuous wavelet transform

In this paper, a continuous wavelet transform-based approach is proposed to assist the measurement of voltage flicker. With the time-frequency localization characteristics embedded in wavelets, the time and frequency information of a waveform is seen integrally presented, thereby enhancing the monitoring capability of voltage flicker signals at different time intervals. By embodying the Gaussian wavelet function, this proposed wavelet-direct demodulation method was also compared with the frequency-domain direct demodulation and indirect demodulation approaches based on the evaluation of flicker-frequency response and the amount of system frequency deviation. Comparison results indicated that the proposed method owns the higher reliability and better visualization. Signal components at any frequency-of-interest can be also more easily supervised. The approach has been applied to investigate various simulated voltage flicker-generated signals, and inspect the data recorded from the actual arc furnace operation. Test results support the proposed method in good agreement.
Investigation of Relationships Between Temperature and Developmental Rates of Tick Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Laboratory and Field

Abstract Relationships between temperature and preoviposition, preeclosion, and premolt developmental periods for the tick Ixodes scapularis Say were investigated by holding field-collected ticks in the laboratory at temperatures of 0 to 32°C at constant daylength. The duration of these developmental periods decreased significantly with increasing temperature. Host of origin, prior storage at 4°C, and season of collection of the ticks were also significantly associated with variations in the duration of the preoviposition period. For each developmental stage, the effect of temperature on development rate was best described as a power relationship. Laboratory-derived relationships were used to predict dates for molting, oviposition, and eclosion of engorged larvae and nymphs, engorged adult females and egg masses, respectively, placed in the field during 1989–1992. Predicted dates for oviposition by adult females, eclosion of eggs, and molting of engorged larvae were within 2 wk of the observed dates, and field-observed seasonal activity of questing larvae and nymphs also was predicted well by laboratory data. Molting of engorged nymphs and seasonal activity of questing adult ticks were, however, poorly predicted. Our findings suggest that duration of development in the field, of larvae from engorged adult females, and of nymphs from engorged larvae, may be explained largely by temperature effects alone, whereas emergence of adult I. scapularis from engorged nymphs may depend on temperature-independent diapause phenomena. The significance of these findings for understanding current and future distributions of I. scapularis, and of the pathogens it transmits, is discussed.
Interactive Relay Controlled Power System Modeling

Four fundamental algorithms that make it possible to simulate numerous types of protective relay systems are identified. The characteristics of these fundamental modules necessary for building an embedded relay model within an EMTP (electromagnetic transient program) are discussed. A directional time overcurrent relay model is used to provide a detailed demonstration of relay model development and to illustrate the utilization of the fundamental modules. The results of using this relay model in a modeled power system reveal the power of this concept to enhance power systems education, applications engineering, and relay design procedures. >
The effects of perceived stress on biological parameters in healthcare professionals: A systematic review

We synthesised evidence on biological correlates of psychological stress in hospital-based healthcare professionals, and examined whether there was evidence of consistent biological changes. Electronic databases were searched for empirical studies; 16 articles (0.6%) met the inclusion criteria. Evidence of a relationship between indices of psychological stress and biological parameters was limited and inconsistent. There was some evidence of a consistent relationship between natural killer cells and lymphocyte subpopulations. Considerable heterogeneity in the methods used was seen. Future prospective studies examining the relationship between indices of psychological stress and natural killer cells, including lymphocyte subsets, is required.
Evaluation through a simulation model of nutrient exports in fast-growing southern European pine stands in relation to thinning intensity and harvesting operations

The effects on nutrient exports of a range of thinning regimes for maritime pine and radiata pine plantations in northern Spain were simulated in this study. Growth models, tree biomass equations and nutrient concentration in tree fractions were used simultaneously to calculate the amounts of N, P, K, Ca and Mg removed and left in the logging residues for five thinning intensities, five site indexes and four harvesting scenarios for each species, considering the whole rotation. A more intense thinning regime decreases the total amount of nutrients exported and increases the proportion of nutrients returned to the soil before the clearfell, being a more progressive system of extracting nutrients from the ecosystem. A substantial amount of nutrients are located in the crown fractions and the bark, making desirable the harvesting of debarked logs. The results allow the calculation of fertilization needs to avoid the depletion of soil nutrient capital in a variety of silvicultural situations. RésuméLes effets d’une série de régimes d’éclaircie, sur les exportations d’éléments minéraux par des plantations de pin maritime et de pin radiata au nord de l’Espagne, ont été simulés dans cette étude. L’utilisation simultanée de modèles de croissance, d’équations de biomasse et de concentrations moyennes des éléments minéraux pour chacune des parties de l’arbre a permis de calculer les quantités de N, P, K, Ca et Mg exportées et laissées comme résidus pour cinq régimes d’⊹laircie, cinq classes de productivité et quatre scénarios de récolte, en prenant en compte toute la durée de la révolution. Le régime d’éclaircie la plus forte réduit la quantité totale d’éléments exportés et augmente la proportion des éléments retournés au sol avant la coupe à blanc, c’est un systéme plus progressif d’extraction des éléments minéraux de l’écosystéme. Une quantité substantielle d’éléments minéraux est localisée dans les différentes parties de la cime et de l’écorce, rendant souhaitable la récolte de troncs écorcés. Les résultats obtenus permettent le calcul de la fertilisation nécessaire pour éviter la réduction du capital nutritionnel des sols dans différentes situations sylvicoles.
Active-Power Control of Individual Converter Cells for a Battery Energy Storage System Based on a Multilevel Cascade PWM Converter

The battery energy storage system is an essential enabling device of the smart grid, because it helps grid connection of massive renewable energy resources. This paper has a brief discussion on a battery energy storage system based on a multilevel cascade pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) converter for its practical use. The active-power control of individual converter cells is presented to make it possible to charge and discharge the battery units at different power levels while producing a three-phase balanced line-to-line voltage. This results in the maximum utilization of battery energy even when the power-handling capabilities of the battery units differ. Experimental results obtained from a 200-V, 10-kW, 3.6-kWh battery energy storage system verify the effectiveness of the presented active-power control.
Optimal Transactivation by Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 1 Requires the UR1 and ATH1 Domains

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) is essential for Epstein-Barr virus to immortalize naïve B cells. EBNA1 transactivates viral promoters for genes that are necessary for immortalization when it is bound to a cluster of 20 cognate binding sites, termed the family of repeats. A region of EBNA1 from amino acids (aa) 40 to 89, termed linking region 1 (LR1), has been identified previously as being sufficient for transactivation. LR1 contains two domains that are conserved in the EBNA1 orthologs of other gamma herpesviruses. The first of these, termed unique region 1 (UR1), corresponds to aa 65 to 89 of EBNA1. UR1 is necessary for transactivation and contains a conserved recognition site for cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), corresponding to serine 78 of EBNA1. We have pharmacologically modulated PKA activity to determine if PKA controls EBNA1's ability to transactivate. Our results indicate that PKA activators and inhibitors do not affect transactivation by EBNA1. In addition, site-directed mutagenesis demonstrates that transactivation is not influenced by the phosphorylation status of serine 78 in the UR1 domain. The second conserved domain within LR1 is a glycine-arginine repeat, corresponding to aa 40 to 54 of EBNA1. This domain, termed ATH1, functions as an AT-hook, a DNA-binding motif found in architectural transcription factors such as HMGA1a. We demonstrate that deletion of the ATH1 domain decreases EBNA1 transactivation ability, which is consistent with a transcriptional role for ATH1. Furthermore, transactivation is restored when ATH1 is replaced by equivalent AT-hook motifs from HMGA1a. Our data strongly indicate a role for AT-hooks in EBNA1's ability to transactivate, a function necessary for EBV to immortalize naïve B-cells.
c‐Kit+ Bone Marrow Stem Cells Differentiate into Functional Cardiac Myocytes

The utility of bone marrow cells (BMCs) to regenerate cardiac myocytes is controversial. The present study examined the capacity of different types of BMCs to generate functional cardiac myocytes. Isolated c‐kit+ BMCs (BMSCs), c‐kit+ and crude BMCs from the adult feline femur were membrane stained with PKH26 dye or infected with a control enhanced green fluorescence protein transcript (EGFP)‐adenovirus prior to co‐culture upon neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM). Co‐cultured cells were immuno‐stained for c‐kit, α‐tropomyosin, α‐actinin, connexin 43 (C×43) and Ki67 and analyzed with confocal microscopy. Electrophysiology of BMSC derived myocytes were compared to NRVMs within the same culture dish. Gap junction function was analyzed by fluorescence recovery after photo‐bleaching (FRAP). BMCs proliferated and differentiated into cardiac myocytes during the first 48 hours of co‐culturing. These newly formed cardiac myocytes were able to contract spontaneously or synchronously with neighboring NRVMs. The myogenic rate of c‐kit+ BMSCs was significantly greater than c‐kit+ and crude BMCs (41.2 ± 2.1, 6.1 ± 1.2, and 17.1 ± 1.5%, respectively). The newly formed cardiac myocytes exhibited an immature electrophysiological phenotype until they became electrically coupled to NRVMs through functional gap junctions. BMSCs did not become functional myocytes in the absence of NRVMs. In conclusion, c‐kit+ BMSCs have the ability to transdifferentiate into functional cardiac myocytes.
Adaptive Learning Systems: A Model for Business Entrepreneurs to Implement IT

Adaptive Learning Systems [ALS] have garnered tremendous attention in recent years from academia, practitioners and trade press [Jennings et al. 1998; Nwana 1996]. The numerous agent conferences and World Wide Web agent sites developed lately evidence this prevailing trend [Murch 1999; http://www.agentlink. com]. ALS are part of the agent paradigm 'invading' the research world that provides new ways of analyzing, designing and implementing complex software systems [Jennings et al. 1998]. Although varied in description, these systems are characterized by behaviors that are adaptable (by selfautomation of actions) and flexible (by learning the user's preferences, styles, and cognitive levels thereby offering proactive forms of interaction/support). ALS are usercentered, and have the potential to revolutionize the way users interact with computers, overcoming many of the limitations of current systems. A review of the literature indicates that researchers have been complaining about the lack of these systems' use as practical tools for real world problems [Bradshaw 1997; Hook 1996; Jennings et al. 1998; Maes 1994; Nwana 1996]. This dissertation agrees with these researchers and identifies a domain that can significantly benefit from this technology.
Metallic inclusions in a non-uniform lattice

This paper is part of a larger project which aims to investigate the fabricational and electromagnetic advantages of creating integrated antenna systems using emerging nano-manufacturing technology. It has been known for several decades that the effective permittivity of a mixture consisting of dielectric inclusions in a host dielectric can be controlled by varying the permittivity, size and spacing of the inclusions. Various authors have developed theoretical equations to analyse these structures but are typically limited to spherical inclusions in a uniform cubic lattice. This paper extends this work from spheres in a uniform mesh to investigate thin metallic inclusions in a dielectric host using a non-uniform lattice (spacing in x, y and z, not the same). Electromagnetic simulations of these structures have been compared to canonical equations of spheres in a cubic uniform lattice with the same volume ratio.
Development and Testing of a Subpixel Mapping Algorithm

This paper forwards an advanced subpixel mapping algorithm to provide detailed information on the spatial distribution of land covers within a mixed pixel. This is achieved by utilizing the area proportions of the endmember components of a mixed pixel and its neighboring pixels. Fraction values, obtained through soft classification, are used to calculate the area ratios of the endmember components of the mixed pixel and the neighboring pixels. After testing the algorithm with both artificial and synthetic images, the performance of the algorithm can be evaluated as being computationally efficient and accurate for obtaining comprehensive information on the spatial distribution of land covers.
Performance of Convolution Neural Network on the Recognition of Speech Emotion and Images

In this paper, the performance of Convolution Neural Network (CNN) in image recognition and emotion recognition in speech will be presented. Feature extraction and selection in pattern recognition is an important issue and have been frequently discussed. Moreover, twodimensional signals such as image and voice signals are hard to be modelled well by traditional models like SVM. The ability of CNN to characterize two-dimensional signals is prominent. And CNN can adaptively extract feature to eliminate the dependence on human subjectivity or experience. It mimics the effect of local filtering in visual cortex cells to dig local correlation in natural dimensional space. In this work, for the problems of the image recognition and emotion recognition in speech, CNN and SVM which is used as baseline for comparison of the recognition effect. Different kernel functions in SVM have been experimented for image recognition with, the best accuracy is 94.17%. However, the accuracy of using CNN is 95.5% (7291 pictures for train and 2007 pictures for test) with less time consuming. In the emotion recognition of speech, the accuracy of CNN is 97.6% corresponds to 55.5% by baseline model (4000 utterances for training, 1500 for validation, 500 for test). The experimental results showed that CNN can effectively extract features and its modeling capability for two-dimensional signals is prominent.
Design and implementation of image enhancement based on pyramid architecture

When inspecting radiographies, some detail information cannot be detected due to large range of gray scales and complex tissue structure. The proposed approach use Gauss-Laplacian pyramid architecture to decompose the structure information of the object, then amplify the detail information and resist noise by non-linear processing at different scales. The enhanced detail information is then added back to the original image iteratively. The whole process is similar to wavelet transformation, but the improved image is more consistent to the characteristics of human being's vision system, thus provides doctors with reliable evidences for diagnosis.