Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Solid Lubricants on the Tribological Performance of Photocurable Resins for Vat Photopolymerization

New developments in additive manufacturing (AM) are enabling the use of 3D printed parts in increasingly demanding applications, such as in mechanical power transmission systems, where excellent build quality and tribological performance are required. The tribological properties of thermoplastic-based AM technologies are well knowninject, whereas the performance of photopolymer-based AM technologies is very rarely explored. This study aims to provide new insight into the tribological performance of 3D printed parts produced using vat photopolymerization (VPP). Photocurable resins based on aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomers were modified with different solid lubricants (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphite and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)) and 3D printed using Digital Light Processing (DLP). The mechanical and thermal properties were studied using the tensile tests, Charpy impact tests, Shore D, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The tribological performance was studied using a Pin-on-Disk tribometer. Among the lubricants, PTFE had the highest impact on the coefficient of friction (µ) and the specific wear rate (ws). The hybrid lubricant system (PTFE/MoS2) resulted in excellent tribological performance, where the µ was reduced by up to 52% and ws by up to 92%.
THE ROLE OF AIRFAST AS A PIONEER FLIGHT IN SUPPLYING LOGISTICS IN INDONESIA REMOTE AREAS DURING COFID 19 PANDEMIC

Pioneer flight is directed to connect remote, underdeveloped, and underserved areas by any modes of transportation, and is not commercially profitable. As one of the government's efforts towards equitable development, the development of pioneering transportation in remote areas is expected to increase the level of the local economy. During the COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of pioneer flights in remote areas in Indonesia, and to analyze the general or standard procedures of pioneering flights in the transport of passengers and the transport of goods during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used descriptive qualitative methods.
The Research of Relationship among Smile Developing Software, Internet Addiction, and Attachment Style

By developing a software tool that helps students cultivate the habit of smiling, this study aims to enhance students’ interpersonal relationships and ability to interact with others and therefore effectively decrease their Internet addiction. The study participants were students from a vocational high school in Tainan, Taiwan. To begin with, it examined the choices of attachment styles and levels of Internet addiction among high school students enrolled in a practical skills program. The students used the software tool for fourteen consecutive days and completed their smile task, which was followed by a post-test questionnaire. The result shows that for interpersonal interactions, changes in the mean values for three types of attachment styles decrease (namely anxious–preoccupied, dismissive–avoidant, and fearful–avoidant styles). In particular, the dismissive–avoidant style was reported with the most prominent change of −1.267, and it was the only variable with a higher average value. This study also applied Bartholomew and Horowitz’s two-dimensional internal working model and found that the participants had demonstrated positive developments in their own self-internal modes and, in particular, others’ internal modes.
A combined method of crater detection and recognition based on deep learning

The crater is one of the main obstacles that need to be avoided when Mars probe lands. In order to further improve the accuracy of crater detection, this paper proposes a combined detection method based on deep learning. Firstly, the random structured forest is trained offline to detect the edge information of craters. Secondly, according to the detected edge information of the crater, the candidate areas of the crater are determined with the morphological method. For the identified candidate areas of the crater, Alexnet network trained by transfer learning was used to identify crater areas. Compared with other methods, the proposed method has relatively good effect.
Temperature programmed desorption of argon for evaluation of surface acidity of solid superacids

The activation energy of Ar desorption from solid acids is determined by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) using Ar as 9.3, 7.6 and 6.0–6.7 kJ mol−1 for sulfated ZrO2, Cs2.5H0. 5PW12O40 and zeolites, respectively; the data indicate that Ar TPD is applicable to evaluation of the relative acid strengths of solid superacids.
Bumble bee communities in power‐line clearings: Effects of experimental management practices

Bumble bees fill an important function in temperate, boreal and alpine ecosystems as pollinators of wild plants and cultivated crops. Global declines in population size of many bumble bee species call for knowledge about how habitats influenced by human land use can be managed to accommodate diverse bumble bee communities. We carried out a field experiment to study effects on bumble bee communities in power‐line clearings in response to different vegetation clearing practices: (i) cutting, (ii) cutting and removing, and (iii) not cutting the woody vegetation, whilst simultaneously assessing the effect of environmental variables, both individually and in interaction with treatment. Cutting the woody vegetation improved habitat quality for bumble bees relative to the uncut treatment, whereas removal of woody debris provided no additional benefit. The treatment effect on bee richness, diversity, abundance, and the abundance of generalist bees depended on local forb species richness. Increasing functional variation of forbs and cover of forbs with nectar tubes were positively related to species richness and abundance of bees, irrespective of treatment. The abundance of specialized long‐tongued and late emerging bumble bees – which are of special conservation interest – were higher in the cut and cut‐remove treatments and increased with functional variation of forb species irrespective of treatments. Management to improve habitat conditions for bumble bees in power‐line clearings does not require costly removal of woody debris after cutting, but more frequent cutting can benefit specialized bumble bee species of particular conservation interest.
Comparative Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam on Dreaming of Patients Undergoing Flexible Bronchoscopy During General Anesthesia

Background The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine versus midazolam on the dreaming of patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy during general anesthesia. Material/Methods Patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy under general anesthesia were randomly divided into a dexmedetomidine group (Group D, n=40) and a midazolam group (Group M, n=40). In group D, patients received 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine and in group M patients received 0.05 mg/kg midazolam intravenously 10 min prior to induction. After bronchoscopy and recovery, a modified Brice questionnaire was used to immediately evaluate the incidence of dreaming of patients. Dreamers were required to complete a 5-point Likert scale survey regarding the contents of their dreams (emotion, voice and movement, memorability) if dreaming was reported. Ramsay Sedation Scale score (Ramsay score) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score were assessed and recorded. Results Patients in group D had higher Ramsay scores and VAS scores (2.9±0.6 and 79.4±4.0, respectively) than group M (2.4±0.7 and 75.0±6.0, respectively), with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between groups. The incidence and memorability of dreaming were significantly lower in group D (17.5%) than group M (37.5%, P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was found in emotion, voice, and movement scores of dreaming. Conclusions Compared to midazolam, pre-injection of dexmedetomidine before induction significantly decreased the incidence of dreaming in patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy during general anesthesia, without producing undesirable effects on the content of dreams (most of them were pleasant), produces a more efficacious sedation effect during the recovery period and improves the comfort level and satisfaction of patients.
Frequency of external influences as a source of biological system negentropy

This paper provides a qualitative analysis of one of the possible channels of negative entropy (negentropy) to ensure the evolution of biological systems. In particular, it is shown for the first time that a periodically changing flow of equilibrium radiation carries a reduced entropy content in comparison with a constant flow of the same power. This conclusion is made based on the analysis of the Shannon entropy time dependence graph for the model under consideration. The study relevance is due to the well-known contradiction between the statement of the second principle of thermodynamics about the tendency of closed systems to a state with maximum entropy (chaos) and Darwin’s evolutionary theory describing the complexity of biological systems. This problem is worked out in many aspects and devoid of the status of an inexplicable paradox. However, a number of important questions, including the sources of negative entropy, remain open. As a function describing the frequency of incident radiation, a simple harmonic is chosen, which does not quite correspond to the daily change in illumination observed on the Earth, but allows us to draw conclusions about the qualitative nature of its influence. The result obtained can be of great importance for evaluating the equilibrium parameters and stability of open thermodynamic systems.
An analytical approach to the modelling of intrinsic base sheet resistance in a SiGe HBT and optimal profile design considerations for its minimization

An analytical model has been developed to calculate the intrinsic base sheet resistance (Rbi), for a given Ge dose and base dopant, with a view to determine the optimal doping profile and Ge profile in the neutral base of a SiGe-base HBT. We have derived an empirical formula for the diffusion constant of holes in a p-type SiGe as a spatial function of mole fraction of Ge as well as base doping concentration. Our model has been verified with experimental and simulated results published in the literature. Our study shows that for a given Ge dose and amount of base dopant, a triangular Ge profile with a retrograde dopant profile yields the lowest Rbi.
Genetic improvement of wheat early vigor promote weed-competitiveness under Mediterranean climate

Chemical weed-control is the most effective practice for wheat, however, rapid evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds threat food-security and calls for integration of non-chemical practices. We hypothesis that integration of GAR dwarfing-genes into elite wheat cultivars can promote early vigor and weed-competitiveness under Mediterranean climate. We develop near-isogenic lines of bread wheat cultivars with GAR dwarfing genes and evaluate them for early vigor and weed-competitiveness under various environmental and management conditions to identify promising NIL for weed-competitiveness and grain yield. While all three NILs, OC1 (Rht8,12), ZC4 (Rht12,13), and BNMF12 (Rht12), responded to gibberellic acid, they exhibited differences in early vigor. Greenhouse and field evaluation highlighted OC1 as a promising line, with significant advantage in early vigor over its parental. To facilitate accurate and continuous early vigor data collection, we applied non-destructive image-based phenotyping approaches which offers non-expensive and end-user friendly solution for selection. NIL OC1 was tested under different weed density level, infestation waves, and temperatures and highlight the complex genotypic × environmental × management interactions. Our findings demonstrate the potential of genetic modification of dwarfing genes as promising approach to improve weed-competitiveness, and serve as basis for future breeding efforts to support sustainable wheat production under semi-arid Mediterranean climate.
Strategies to Improve Pore-Size Distribution Characterization of Activated Carbons Using CO2 and N2 Isotherms: Volume Regularization and Etched Slit Models

The pore-size distribution (PSD) of an activated carbon (AC) sample, which is obtained by molecular simulation using a specific probe gas, does not always reproduce the adsorptive behaviour of that sample with other gases. Moreover, different gases generate distinct distributions for the same AC. These facts go against the concept of PSD, which must be unique for a given sample, irrespective of the probe gas used. We analyzed adsorption isotherms of WV-1050 AC sample with nitrogen at 77 K, carbon dioxide at 298 K and methane at 303 K, yielding their respective PSDs, based on local isotherms database (kernels) generated through grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation. The PSD obtained for nitrogen and carbon dioxide was used (individually) to reproduce the three experimental isotherms and significant deviations were observed. By applying a volume normalization methodology, the isotherm fitting was significantly enhanced. Furthermore, a more realistic model of AC pores considering etched slit walls was tested to improve PSD similarity. The new model presented tends to unify the PSDs obtained from different probe gases evaluated.
Albumin Microspheres: effect of process Variables on size Distribution and in Vitro Release

AbstractAlbumin microspheres used as target drug delivery systems were prepared from egg albumin by polymerization technique using glutaral dehyde as the cross linking agent. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of process variables on the nicrosphere size distribution and in vitro drug release. Phase volume ratio and speed of agitation exerted greater influence on the microsphere size distribution whereas the albumin concentration and cross linking time effected only the yield and surface characteristics of the microspheres respectively. Lower phase volume ratios resulted in small and uniform microspheres with smooth surfaces in narrow size range. Speed of agitation exhibited an inverse relationship with size. In vitro release pattern of drug from the microspheres showed a biphasic profile and the release rates were prolonged upon increase in the concentration of cross linking agent and cross linking time.
Investigation of the high-temperature oxidation behavior of three-dimensional C/C composite and graphite coated by silicon carbide

In this research, SiC coating was applied by pack cementation method at 1600°C to protect graphite and three-dimensional (3D) C/C composite from high temperature oxidation. The powder pack consisted of 50% Si, 40% SiC, and 10% Al2O3. The specimens were heat-treated at 1600°C in Argon atmosphere for 2 hours. Then, the oxidation resistance of coated substrates was studied at 1500°C for 3 hours. The phase microstructure and element distribution of the coating before and after oxidation were investigated by X-Ray diffraction and SEM. The formation of SiC diffusion coating was confirmed, including the compositional gradient of C and Si elements on the substrates. The oxidation results of SiC coated specimens show that the amount of SiO2 phase formed on the graphite is much more than C/C composite. Furthermore, because of the high viscosity of SiO2, it can seal most of the pores on the SiC surface formed on the graphite. Finally, the oxidation test resulted in 40 mg/cm2 and 7.5 mg/cm2 weight loss for C/C composite and graphite specimens, respectively.
Examining the effect of feralization on craniomandibular morphology in pigs, Sus scrofa (Artiodactyla: Suidae)

Feralization is the process by which domestic animals return to the wild and produce self-sustaining populations. It is often considered as a model in understanding the permanence of morphological changes associated with domestication; however, it is still unclear how much the release of anthropogenic selective pressures affects domestic traits. Here, we assessed the influence of feralization on the domestic morphological traits acquired through selective breeding using craniomandibular differences in shape and size between populations of feral pigs, wild boar and domestic pigs, using landmark-based geometric morphometrics. Our results suggest that numerous cranial and mandibular traits associated with domestication still exist in feral specimens, corroborating that domestication-induced changes in the shape of morphological elements are broadly maintained in feral populations. This is not the case for size variations, however, as the cranium is significantly smaller in feral pigs than in domesticated breeds, which could be due to the selective pressures associated with founding events. Our exploratory study, therefore, underlines the complexity of feral population history, the intricate influence of variations in genetic diversity, and novel selection pressures in the morphology of these groups. Future studies will need to expand the sample to take into account the diversity of morphotypes.
The effects of strategy and market orientation on the performance of Vietnamese startups

Article history: Received: July 10, 2020 Received in revised format: October 18 2020 Accepted: November 4, 2020 Available online: November 4, 2020 This study is based on the results of a survey of 518 start-ups in Vietnam during the period of establishment from 2016 to 2018. Data collection lasted from November 2019 to May 2020, interrupted by Covid-19 translation and collected data were processed on SPSS20 and AMOS24 software, model estimation and hypothesis testing using linear structural equations (SEM). The research results show that business strategy and market-oriented factors had positive impacts on the performance of Vietnamese startups. However, no regulatory relationship of business strategy has been found that affects the impact relationship of market orientation with business performance. In addition, the study also found that, in current context, startups pursuing defensive strategies have more success than firms pursuing pioneering strategies and startups in the field. Trade / services are more likely to succeed than in agriculture and industry. © 2021 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Scanning near-field optical microscopy using piezoelectric cantilevers

Microfabricated cantilevers for atomic force microscopy (AFM), used as scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) probes, have remarkable advantages because the fabrication process is well established. In addition, the SNOM probe can be combined with an atomic fore microscope, which is capable of detecting various surface properties. However, the optical method for measuring the deflection of the cantilever often disturbs the detection of weak evanescent light. We have developed a new SNOM probe using a microfabricated cantilever with a piezoelectric thin film as an integrated deflection sensor so that any optical measurements for the deflection are not required. The cantilever is made of Si with deposited layers of Pt/lead ziconate titanate (PZT)/Pt and an SiN hollow pyramidal tip at the en The light scattered by the tip can transmit the cantilever when the PZT cantilever is brought in close proximity to a sample surface. The tip-to-sample distance is regulated using the piezoelectric current while the cantilever is vibrated at its resonance frequency. Both topographic and optical images were obtained successfully by the new SNOW probe.
Analysis of Influence of Tilt Angle on Variable-Speed Fixed-Pitch Floating Offshore Wind Turbines for Optimizing Power Coefficient Using Experimental and CFD Models

This study focused on optimization of the power coefficient of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) to maintain their wind power performance in order to overcome problems with the tilt angle resulting from an unstable wind turbine platform, which can reduce the effective area of wind turbine energy extraction. FOWTs with a variable-speed fixed-pitch control strategy were investigated using an experimental model in a wind tunnel and a CFD simulation model for analysis and comparison, using wind speeds of 2–5.5 m/s and tilt angles of 3.5 – 6.1°. The results showed that average rotational speed differences of 16.4% and optimal power coefficients of 0.35–0.36 could be maintained at tip speed ratios of 7.7 – 9.6 during wind speeds of 3 – 5 m/s with tilt angles of 3.9 – 5.8°. The results of this study provide insights into a new concept of power coefficient optimization using variable tilt angle for small to medium fixed pitch FOWTs, to reduce the cost of pitch control systems.
Novel oral solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) of rosuvastatin calcium: Formulation, characterization, bioavailability and pharmacokinetic study

Background and Objective: rosuvastatin calcium is an anti-hyperlipidemic drug. It is generally employed to treat hypercholesterolemia. This drug is a class II drug in the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) that shows low dissolution because of its crystalline nature and, thus, the poor oral bioavailability of 20%. The main purpose of this study is to develop a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) of rosuvastatin calcium for enhancement of its oral bioavailability. Methods: In this study, liquid SNEDDS (L-SNEDDS) containing rosuvastatin along with garlic oil was formulated and further developed into a solid form by the spray drying technique using Aerosil 200 as a solid carrier. Ternary phase diagrams were constructed based on rosuvastatin calcium solubility analysis for optimizing the system. A mixture of garlic oil and Stepan-Mild® GCC (1:1) used as oil phase, tween 80 and PEG 400 were used as a surfactant and co-surfactant respectively. The prepared S-SNEDDS formulas were evaluated for ﬂow properties, reconstitution properties, FTIR study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), drug content and in-vitro drug release profile. To clarify the possible improvement in pharmacokinetic behavior of rosuvastatin S-SNEDDS, plasma concentration-time curve proﬁles in rats after the oral administration of optimized S-SNEDDS formula (S-B4) were compared to marketed product and pure drug in suspension. Results: results showed that S-SNEDDS formulas has good ﬂow properties and high drug content. Reconstitution properties of S-SNEDDS showed spontaneous self-nanoemulsiﬁcation and no sign of phase separation. SEM photographs showed a smooth uniform surface of S-SNEDDS with less aggregation. Results of the in-vitro drug release showed that there was a great enhancement in the dissolution rate of rosuvastatin. At all-time points, it was observed that rosuvastatin plasma concentrations in rats treated with S-SNEDDS were signiﬁcantly higher than those treated with the drug in suspension and marketed product. Conclusion: in conclusion, the relative bioavailability of solid self-nano emulsified formulation S-B4 was about 2.38-fold compared to the marketed product and about 3.42-fold compared to the pure drug suspension. S-SNEDDS appeared to be an interesting approach to improving problems associated with oral delivery of rosuvastatin.