Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Verb Sense Disambiguation by Measuring Semantic Relatedness between Verb and Surrounding Terms of Context

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is considered an AI complete problem which may be defined as the ability to resolve the intended meaning of ambiguous words occurring in a language. Language has complex structure and is highly ambiguous which has deep rooted relations between its different components specifically words, sentences and paragraphs. Incidentally, human beings can easily comprehend and resolve the intended meanings of the ambiguous words. The difficulty arises in building a highly accurate machine translation system or information retrieval system because of ambiguity. A number of algorithms have been devised to solve ambiguity but the success rate of these algorithms are very much limited. Context might have played a decisive role in human judgment while deciphering the meaning of polysemic words. A significant number of psychological models have been proposed to emulate the way the human beings understand the meaning of words, sentences or text depending on the context. The pertinent question that the researchers want to address is how the meanings are represented by human beings in mental memory and whether it is feasible to simulate with a computational model. Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), a mathematical technique which is effective in representation of meanings in the form of vectors that closely approximates human semantic space. By comparing the vectors in the LSA generated semantic space, the closest neighbours of the word vector can be derived which indirectly provides lot of information about a word. However, LSA does not provide a complete theory of meaning. That is why psychological process modules are combined with LSA to make the theory of meaning concrete. Predication algorithm with LSA was proposed by Kintch, 2001 which was sufficient to capture various word senses and was successful in homonym disambiguation. Meaning of a word might have multiple senses specifically verbs. For example, verb “run” has 42 senses in WordNet. In order to find the correct sense of a verb is really a daunting task and resolving verb ambiguity using psycholinguistic model is very much limited. The proposed method has exploited the high dimensional vector LSA space resulted from training samples by applying predication algorithm to derive the most appropriate semantic neighbours for the target polysemous verb from the semantic space. Finally the vector space of test samples are checked with the training samples i.e. semantic neighbours to classify the senses of polysemous words in accurate manner. Keywords—Word sense disambiguation; ambiguous verb; context; semantic space; latent semantic analysis; polysemy; machine translation
E ectiveness of virtual reality technology on functional mobility of older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: e accessibility, versatility and motivation provided by virtual reality technology (VRT) have fostered its rapid expansion as a rehabilitation technique to improve functional mobility. e aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programmes using VRT, specific virtual reality technology (VRT-S) and non-specific virtual reality technology (VRT-NS), to improve functional mobility in individuals aged >60 years versus conventional treatment (CT) or no intervention. Methods: Nine databases (Cochrane Library, Scopus, PEDro, Medline, CSIC, Web of Science, OT Seeker, NGCH and CINAHL) were searched to identify randomised trials up to December 2019. Results of clinical trials that used VRT-S and VRT-NS in rehabilitation were combined, using a random effects model with inverse variance weighting of the studies. GRADE was used to assess the quality of evidence. e protocol was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42019131630. Overall, there was moderate quality of evidence for the functional mobility results, which means that the estimate of effect is likely to change. Results: Sixteen of the 18 studies selected (n= 568) provided data for the subgroup meta-analysis. VRT-NS was more effective in improving functional mobility than no intervention [standardised mean difference (SMD)= –1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) −1,91 to −0,14). VRT-NS was also more effective than CT in improving resistance in ambulation (SMD=−1.20; 95% CI –1.93 to 0.46). No significant differences were found between VRT-S and CT or no intervention. Programmes in which >18 sessions were applied were more beneficial (SMD= −0.89; 95% CI –1.71 to –0.08; <0.001) than programmes with ≤18 sessions (SMD= 0.04; 95% CI –0.51 to 0.59) versus no intervention. Conclusions: Our results suggest that VRT is an effective intervention for improving functional mobility in older persons compared with CT. VRT-NS proved to be more effective than VRT-S. However, these results are still not conclusive due to the low methodological quality of the studies. us, new studies and analyses are required.
Performance Evaluation and Adaption of Biogas Plant Users among Rural Households of Pakistan

Usman Shakoor, Syeda Arfa Ali, Mudassar Rashid, Muhammad Irfan, Mudassar Hussain, Muhammad Usman, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Researcher, Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Researcher, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad MS Scholar, Faculty of Economics, University of Warsaw, Poland. Email: arfarizvi491@yahoo.com, usman.shakoor@comsats.edu. pk, mudassar.rashid@comsats.edu. pk mirfan@comsats.edu. pk, mudassar.hussain@aiou.edu. pk m.usman@student.wne. edu.pl,
Photovoltaic Fed a New Design of Zeta Converter

This paper presents a new design of Zeta Converter fed by photovoltaic module as input power source. The Perturb and Observe (P&O)algorithm is used for photovoltaic systems to achive Maximum Power Point(MPP) . This proposed design of Zeta Converter with two control switches, two diodes, four inductors and four capacitors can be used to benefit much from photovoltaic energy. By using this design the single source can be able to give a voltage to two outputs, one of them controls the first stage(0-kT) of duty cycle and the other operates during the remainig period.
Quadrature at fake nodes

We investigate the use of the so-called mapped bases or fake nodes approach in the framework of numerical integration. We show that such approach is able to mitigate the Gibbs phenomenon when integrating functions with steep gradients. Moreover, focusing on the optimal properties of the Chebyshev-Lobatto nodes, we are able to analytically compute the quadrature weights of the fake Chebyshev-Lobatto nodes. Such weights, quite surprisingly, coincide with the composite trapezoidal rule. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method especially for mitigating the Gibbs phenomenon without the need of resampling the given function.
Nutritional Deficiencies in Vegan Runners: A Comparison of Actual Versus Recommended Nutritional Intake and Dietary Recommendations

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of vegan runners against targets and Reference Nutrient Intakes (RNIs) to identify potential nutritional deficiencies. Methods: Thirty vegan recreational runners who do not run professionally (mean ± SD; age: 42.9 ± 10.6 y, stature: 171 ± 0.1 cm, body mass: 65.7 ± 8.8 kg) were assessed using 3-day food diaries. Key nutrients, energy intake, lifestyle characteristics and dietary habits were determined. Results: Deficiencies (actual v target intake/RNI) were identified in energy intake (2219 ± 531 kcal v 2554 ± 420 kcal), protein intake (72.9 ± 20.0 g v 92.0 ± 12.4 g), vitamin D (5.0 ± 6.3 μg/d v 10.0 μg/d) and selenium (45.7 ± 21.0 μg/d v 60.0 μg/d and 75.0 μg/d for females and males, respectively; all at p<0.05). In contrast, the average intake of iron, zinc, vitamin B12, calcium and iodine were shown to be above the RNI. Conclusions: These results suggest that the dietary intakes of the vegan recreational runners in the study were deficient in some key nutrients whilst being above target RNI in other nutrients. Therefore, careful planning is required to normalize nutrient intake and achieve a balanced diet. This paper presents dietary recommendations to address key nutrient deficiencies in the vegan diet to improve health and performance.
High quality repetitive control system for a grid-tied converter under distorted grid voltage conditions – design and implementation

The paper features a grid-tied converter with a repetitive current controller. Our goal here is to de onstrate the co plete design orkflo for a repetitive controller, including phase lead, filtering and conditional learning. ll key para eters, i.e., controller gain, filter and fractional phase lead, are designed in a single opti ization procedure, hich is a novel approach. The description of the design and opti ization process, as ell as experi ental verification of the entire control syste , are the ost i portant contributions of the paper. dditionally, one ore novelty in the context of po er converters is verified in the physical syste – a conditional learning algorith to i prove transient states to abrupt reference and disturbance changes. The resulting control system is tested experimentally in a 10 kW converter. erters, cur ent control, particle swarm optimization, power quality, repetitive control (RC).
Synthesis, characterization and kinetics studies of block copolymer consisting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and propylene oxide catalysed by Maghnite-H

Poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) is widely used in medicine due to its high biocompatibility, but Poly (propylene oxide), due to its amorphous nature, retains its flexibility at low temperatures and is impermeable to air, though hydrocarbons is a useful material in a number of applications. In this study, propylene oxide copolymerized with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone was targeted, which would combine the advantages of propylene oxide and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone to broaden the field of application, and the purpose of this paper is to study the cationic copolymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with propylene oxide by a montmorillonite clay called Maghnite-H + (Algerian MMT). This new non-toxic cationic catalyst exhibited higher efficiency via the polymerization of vinylic and heterocyclic monomers. Maghnite-H +
SynTagRus – a deeply annotated corpus of Russian 1

The Russian dependency treebank, SynTagRus, is a subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language and at the time of writing (Spring 2013) contains over 52,000 sentences (roughly 770,000 words). It is supplied with several types of annotation. First, it contains comprehensive morphological and syntactic annotation. The latter is presented in the form of a full dependency tree that uses about 75 distinct dependency labels. Second, SynTagRus partly contains lexical semantic annotation, which means that, for all cases of word sense ambiguity in the corpus, the concrete lexical meaning should be identified and explicitly marked. So far, the number of S YN T AG R US sentences fully tagged for word senses is over 10,000, and it is constantly growing. Third, a part of SynTagRus is annotated for collocate Lexical Functions (in Igor Mel č uk’s sense). SynTagRus is freely available for research and educational purposes.
Segmentation of bone structures with the use of deep learning techniques

The paper is focused on automatic segmentation task of bone structures out of CT data series of pelvic region. The authors trained and compared four different models of deep neural networks (FCN, PSPNet, U-net and Segnet) to perform the segmentation task of three following classes: background, patient outline and bones. The mean and class-wise Intersection over Union (IoU), Dice coefﬁcient and pixel accuracy measures were evaluated for each network outcome. In the initial phase all of the networks were trained for 10 epochs. The most exact segmentation results were obtained with the use of U-net model, with mean IoU value equal to 93.2%. The results where further outperformed with the U-net model modiﬁcation with ResNet50 model used as the encoder, trained by 30 epochs, which obtained following result: mIoU measure – 96.92%, "bone" class IoU – 92.87%, mDice coefﬁcient - 98.41%, mDice coefﬁcient for "bone" – 96.31%, mAccuracy – 99.85% and Accuracy for "bone" class – 99.92%.
Use of chromatin stability assay, mitochondrial stain JC-1, and fluorometric assessment of plasma membrane to evaluate frozen-thawed ram semen

16 Cryopreservation of semen imposes deleterious effects on spermatozoa, either killing a certain 17 proportion of cells or causing subtle damages on sperm function in the surviving population, changes 18 not easily revealed by conventional assays. We have tested three functional assessment techniques 19 in frozen-thawed ram semen from six adult rams, cryopreserved following eight different protocols 20 (four extenders, and glycerol being added at two temperatures). Semen samples were thawed and 21 the following analyses were carried out: motility (CASA), membrane integrity (Hoescht 33258 22 and fluorometry), chromatin status (chromatin stability test and fluorescence-assisted cell sort23 ing, FACS) and mitochondrial activity (JC-1 and FACS). Fluorometry outcome did not correlate 24 with the other parameters and showed large variation, albeit discriminating among cryopreserva25 tion techniques ( P < 0.01). Mitochondrial activity correlated, but with low values, with total and 26 progressive motility. However, good sperm motility and high velocity values were associated to 27 high mitochondrial membrane potential. The chromatin stability assay was also successfully car28 ried out, and had a good relationship with male factor (%COMP( αt) and S.D. ( αt) parameters). In 29 conclusion, fluorometric assessment of membrane integrity albeit rendering poor results, merits im30 provement, being a low-cost and handy technique, especially for work in the field. On the other hand, 31 both assessments of chromatin stability and mitochondrial status (JC-1 staining), combined with 32 ∗ Corresponding author. Present address: Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary, University of León, Campus of Vegazana, 24071 Le ón, Spain. Tel. : +34-987-291430; fax: +34-987-291322. E-mail address: dbcfmp@unileon.es (F. Martinez-Pastor). 1 0378-4320/$ – see front matter © 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. 2 doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci. 2003.12. 006
THE EFFECT OF U.S. INFLATION ON THE PHILIPPINES

The small open economy model predicts that inflation can be transmitted from a large economy to a small open economy in a fixed exchange regime but not in a flexible regime. Empirical studies, however, have shown contrasting results with some studies arguing that transmissions have even occurred in flexible regimes. This paper investigates how U.S. inflation affects inflation in the Philippines. The Philippines has operated under a flexible regime since the 1990s. I conduct unit root and cointegration tests between the U.S. and Philippine consumer price indices, in logarithm terms, and find that while the two series have unit roots, they are not cointegrated. The results suggest that U.S. and Philippine inflation do not follow the same stochastic trend and are, thus, not linked towards the long run. I set up a vector autoregression and impulse response function, and conduct a forecast error variance decomposition to show that U.S. price shocks have temporary effect on the Philippines in the short run. In summary, U.S. inflation has transitory but no permanent effect on the Philippines.
Acknowledgement of Incoming Call of Smartphone in Silent Mode Walking at Flat Ground, Up-and-down Stairways

: This paper investigates whether incoming call of carried smartphone is noticed in silent mode, using acceleration data obtained from the smartphone. Prototyped application calculates norm of three-axis (x, y and z) of acceleration data obtained from acceleration sensor in smartphone and variation amplitude in absolute value of difference between the norm value and 1G. In experiment, relation between the variation amplitude and the incoming call notice in silent mode was measured in most of moving conditions; walk on flat ground and up-and-down stairways at slow (3.2 km/h), normal (4.8 km/h) and fast (6.0 km/h) speed, respectively. Measurement was also conducted in standing condition for reference and comparison. Smartphone was possessed in subject’s pocket. Experimental result showed that 17 subjects-aver-aged variation amplitudes were 0.39 m/s 2 and notice rate were 99.89 % in rest conditions. 17 subjects-averaged variation amplitude were 2.07, 3.47 and 4.35 m/s 2 in walk on flat ground, 4.85, 5.77 and 6.40 m/ s 2 in walk-up stairways, and 4.68, 7.05 and 8.49 m/s 2 in walk-down stairways, respectively at slowly, normal and fast speed. Also, 17 subjects-averaged notice rate were 49.06, 30.00 and 11.11 % in walk on flat ground, 12.56, 0.56 and 0.00 % in walk-up stairways, and 14.11, 0.50 and 0.22 % in walk-down stairways, respectively at slowly, normal and fast speed. From the result, when user did not answer incoming call though he noticed the call (vibration) in silent mode, it is presumed that the user did not answer intentionally if the variation amplitude is less than roughly 2 m/s 2 (slowly walk). On the other hand, it is presumed that the user just did not notice the call if the variation amplitude is more than roughly 2 m/s 2 (slowly walk). These result and conclusion is expected of application to development of re-notification application when user did not notice incoming-call in silent mode.
Analysis of Different De-Hazing Approaches: A Survey

-Theoretical Image de-inception is elementary preprocessing steps in different PC vision applications.This is the way toward improving the nature of picture with no data misfortune. Normally the pictures are influenced by different realities. Particularly in submerged symbolism, the fog and tone varieties are incredibly influenced. This paper talks about the issues in submerged pictures and looks at the current picture upgrade procedures for submerged pictures.
Functional Properties of Soy Protein Concentrates and Functional, Nutritional and Sensory Properties of a Corn-Soy Concentrate Cereal as Influenced by Selected Calcium Salts

The substitution of soy protein concentrates for soy flour in a USDA formulation for corn-soy blend and fortification with four calcium salts were investigated by functional, nutritional and preliminary sensory evaluations. A model system was used in an investigation of water absorption and Brookfield consistency of 4 soy concentrates, 2 powders and 2 grits, in the presence of calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate dibasic, calcium phosphate tribasic and calcium lactate, at levels of 0, 400, 800 and 1200 mg calcium/23.4 g concentrate and at 0 0 ambient temperature (22-25 C) and 50 C. One powder and one grit concentrate were selected for use in a corn-soy cereal. Cereals representing all combinations of the 2 concentrates with the 4 calcium salts at levels of 0, 400, 800 and 1200 mg calcium/100 g cereal were evaluated at 50 C for water absorption and Brookfield consistency; the cereals also were evaluated for Bostwick and Brookfield consistency after cooking and cooling to 30 C. Cereals representing all combinations of the same concentrates and all 4 calcium salts at a calcium level of 540 mg/100 g diet were evaluated for nutritional quality by PER assay. One of the 2 concentrates, the powder, was tested in gruels containing all 4 calcium salts at a calcium level of 540 mg/100 g cereal. A panel of adults evaluated the gruel by the consumer texture profile technique and assessed the cereals' apparent acceptability when fed to infants. The effects of soy concentrate were similar in the model system and the uncooked food system; grit concentrates and the uncooked cereal containing grit concentrate absorbed more water and had greater
Identification and distribution of Brachyspira species in feces from finishing pigs in Argentina

Background and Aim: Brachyspira are Gram-negative, aerotolerant spirochetes that colonize the large intestine of various species of domestic animals and humans. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and distribution of different species of Brachyspira presents in feces from finishing pigs in Argentina. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples (n=1550) were collected from finishing pigs in 53 farms of the most important swine production areas of Argentina, and Brachyspiras species were identified by bacteriological and molecular methods. Results: The regional prevalence of Brachyspira spp. was at the level of 75.5% (confidence interval 95%, 62.9-87.9), and it was lower among those farms with >1001 sows. One hundred and twenty-eight isolates of Brachyspira were properly identified and the species found were: Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli, Brachyspira innocens, and Brachyspira murdochii. B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli had low prevalence (1.9% and 7.5%, respectively), B. innocens was isolated from 34% of the farms and B. murdochii was found in 39.6%. Conclusion: The present study provides epidemiological data about herd prevalence of the different Brachyspira species in Argentina, showing that the prevalence figure seems to be higher than that reported in other countries.
CHARACTERIZATION OF RAPHIA HOOKERI GUM FOR THE PURPOSE OF BEING USED AS A PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENT

ABSTACT Gums are common constituents of plants obtained as a result of physical injuries to the plants. This study elucidated the physical, thermal, sorption and functional properties of a gum obtained from the cut trunk of Raphia hookeri G. Mann & H. Wendl (Family Palmaceae). The physicochemical properties of the plant was characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray powder diffraction (XPRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differencial scanning colorimeter (DSC), fourier transmittance infra red (FTIR), compressibility and flowability including swelling index and elemental analysis were used to characterize the gum sample. The excellent swelling properties of raffia gum demonstrated suggested that the gum may perform well as binder as well as polymer in controlled release dosage forms. The low protein and lipid contents couple with absence of fibres confirm the emulsifying properties of raffia gum. Raphia gum was also found to possess antimicrobial properties. Raffia gum is pH sensitive and may therefore be useful in intestinal/colon drug delivery. The studied parameters indicate that this gum could be used as a pharmaceutical excipient.
ect of heavy metals and other xenobiotics on biodegradation of waste canola oil by cold-adapted Rhodococcus sp . strain AQ 507

The Antarctic is generally considered to be one of the most pristine areas in the world. However, both long and short-range pollutants are now known to be present in the Antarctic environment. Canola oil s example of a polluting hydrocarbon that can be accidentally released into the Antarctic environment in oil wastewater treatment plants. The Antarctic soil bacterial strain Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07, known to be capable of using waste canola oil (WCO) as its sole source of carbon, was tested for its ability to degrade canola oil in the pres nce of different heavy metals and xenobiotics. Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 was grown on minimum salt media containing different heavy metals (Zn, Co, Ni, Ag, Pb, Cu, Cr, Hg, Cd and As), xenobiotics (acrylamide and phenol) supplemented with 3% WCO. Three out of the 10 heavy metals tested (Hg, Cd and Ag) led a significant reduction in canola oil degradation at a concentration of 1 ppm. The IC50 values of Hg, Cd and Ag were 0.38, 0.45 and 0.32 ppm, respectively. The strain could also withstand 10 mg/L acrylamide, 50 mg/L phenol and 0.5% (v/v) diesel. This study confirmed the ability of Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 to degrade canola oil in the presence of various heavy metals and other xenobiotics, supporting its potential use in bioremediation of vegetable oil an wastewater treatments in low temperature environments.