Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Quality Soft Image Delivery with Deep Image Denoising

Soft image delivery uses pseudo-analog modulation for wireless image transmissions to prevent cliff and leveling effects subject to channel quality fluctuation and to realize graceful quality improvement according to wireless channel quality. Despite its attractive feature of graceful performance, the conventional soft image delivery suffers from low image quality when the analog-modulated symbols are severely impaired by fading and strong channel noise. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme of soft image delivery to reconstruct high-quality images from its low-quality observations. Specifically, the proposed scheme integrates deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based image restoration, i.e., deep image prior, into soft image delivery. The deep image prior learns a mapping function from the noisy image to the clean image based on user’s perception-aware loss function using multiple training images in prior to soft delivery. The mapping function can restore a clean image even when the received image is distorted by strong fading and additive noise. From the evaluation results, the proposed scheme can remove fading and noise effects from the received images by using DCNN-based image restoration. For example, the proposed scheme achieves up to 0.44 improvement compared with the conventional soft image delivery in terms of structural similarity (SSIM) index at a deep fading channel.
Observations of stoats (Mustela erminea) swimming

Abstract Stoats have colonised many islands and this colonisation is believed to be primarily through swimming. While stoats are known to be good swimmers, descriptions of stoats swimming are relatively rare. In this paper, a number of eyewitness accounts of stoats swimming are described, including animals being startled on land, which then swim to avoid people, stoats swimming in groups, stoats swimming to islands and stoats swimming several kilometres.
Quantitative Bioanalysis by LC-MS/MS: A Review

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a technique that uses liquid chromatography (or HPLC) with the mass spectrometry. (LC-MS/MS) is commonly used in laboratories for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of drug substances, drug products and biological samples. LC-MS/MS has played a significant role in evaluation and interpretation of bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic data. This article reviews the most recent advances in sample preparation, separation, different types of cartridges used and steps involved in bioanalytical method development and validation of drug molecules. Newly introduced techniques such as ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with small particles (sub 2 μm) provide better efficiency when compared to other chromatographic techniques. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is the commonly used technique for sample preparation to reduce both time and labor in bioanalysis. Further, this paper also discusses about the matrix effect in LC-MS/MS analysis and how to reduce matrix effect in method development.
Dynamic Performance and Anti-earthquake Analysis of Cable-stayed Arch Bridge

The strength, stiffness, and stability check calculations and the effect of earthquakes should be considered in the design of cable-stayed arch bridges with collaborative systems. This study aims to investigate the dynamic performance and structural response of cable-stayed arch bridges under seismic action. The space analysis model is enhanced of the Xiang Feng River Bridge using finite element software Midas Civil, whose lower foundation considers the effects of piles and soil. Firstly the vibration period, vibration frequency, and modal characteristics are computed, thus the dynamic performance is summarized of the bridge. Then, a proper seismic wave is selected according to engineering conditions and in terms of three orthogonal directions: inputting the adjusted El Centro seismic wave, considering Rayleigh damping, and calculating via the Newmark method. Furthermore, a time-history response analysis under the action of one-dimensional and multidimensional earthquake is performed. Lastly, the results of the response analysis is compared and the behavior characteristics of arch bridge is summarized under seismic action. The results show that the transverse stability problem of bridges is prominent and should be the focus of antiearthquake fortification, the inclined cable tower of this bridge is not conducive to the earthquake resistance of the structure in comparison with the vertical cable tower. and the influence of horizontal and vertical earthquake actions should be considered in antiearthquake designs.
Estimating Default Probabilities Using Corporate Bond Price Data

This paper discusses estimating method of implied default probability from the interest spread. Instead of using Duffie & Singleton(1999) model directly, we use statistical estimating procedure of Takahashi(2011). We shall provide a complete proof of the consistency of the estimator in the Takahashi(2011) model employing the method of Wald(1949) which gives the proof of consistency of maximum likelihood estimate. We also verify regularity conditions for asymptotic properties of the estimator in the Weibull survival function case. Furthermore, we provide an empirical analysis of implied survival probability estimating. In the empirical analysis, we discuss asymptotic properties using bootstrap method. An interesting finding is that the number of the data and the existence of the outlier data have a major effect on the bootstrap estimating results. When we analyze the impact of the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, we observe that the influences differ with the 5 individual companies.
Cycle Dominance Among the Fraser Sockeye

The first white visitors to what is now southwestern British Columbia encountered in the Fraser River one of the oddest of natural phenomena. Of the five species of Pacific salmon that entered this river to spawn, the commonest by far wvas the sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka). In ordinary years these fish were abundant enough, but every fourth year they appeared in incredible numbers, greatly exceeding those of the years in between. The "big" year had occurred in this manner as far back as aboriginal memories extended, and it continued to occur until it met an untimely end in 1913. The mere abundance of these fish was not too &Treat a cause for wonder, though it was remarkable enough. What really excited the imagination was the great disparity between the big years and the "off" years. Some idea of the actual magnitude of this disparity became apparent later on. \vhen sockeye were exploited commermially. It was soon found possible to fish intensively enough, and to build canneries enough, to utilize some really substantial fraction of an ordinary year's run. However, up to and including 1913, when the dominant cycle last appeared, the utmost efforts of the cannery operators were insufficient to accommodate anything but a small percentage of its hordes of sockeye. In big years there was some increase in number of fishermen, but total fishing effort fell off sharply because at the height of the run each man fished relatively little. One drift of a gill net each dcay often sufficed to catch all the fish which a cannery quota system permitted a boat to sell (Babcock, '06). Mlany of the traps driven in Puget Soun(l were abandoned after the run was well
Optical Gyroscope Based on Multi-gap Surface Plasmon Optical Waveguide

ABSTRACT In this paper, a kind of optical gyroscope based on multi-gap surface plasmon optical waveguide was designed. The key component was multi-gap surface plasmon waveguide ring resonator. Through the finite element method, the dependence between the transmission characteristics of resonator and the number of metallic film, the gap width and the bending radius was calculated in details. The results show that the higher detection sensitivity can be obtained by optimizing the parameters of geometric structure. When the coupling ratio was over 60%, the optimal metal film number was five, the optimal gap width was 1 m and the optimal bending radius was 3 cm, the detection sensitivity of the optical gyroscope was up to 3 deg/h. The research can provide a theoretical basis for the miniaturization of integrated optical gyroscope.
Hippocampal function was analysed by making recordings from hippocampal neurons in monkeys actively walking in the laboratory

hippocampal neurons in monkeys actively walking in the laboratory. ‘Spatial view’ cells, which respond when the monkey looks at a part of the environment, were analysed. It is shown that these cells code for the allocentric position in space being viewed and not for eye position, head direction or the place where the monkey is located. This representation of space ‘out there’ would be an appropriate part of a primate memory system involved in memories of where in an environment an object was seen, and more generally in the memory of particular events or episodes, for which a spatial component normally provides part of the context.
Running head: ESTIMATING REPLICABILITY 1 How Replicable is Psychology? Estimating Replicability Based on Test Statistics in Original Studies

In recent years, the replicability of original findings published in psychology journals has been questioned. We show that the replicability of a randomly chosen result cannot exceed population mean power, so that estimates of mean power are optimistic estimates of replicability. We then present two methods that can be used to estimate mean power for a heterogeneous set of studies with significant results: Maximum Likelihood and Zcurve. We present the results of two large-scale simulation studies with heterogeneous effect sizes and sample sizes. Both methods provide robust estimates of replicability, but z-curve has the advantage that it does not require assumptions about the distribution of effect sizes. We show that both methods overestimate replicability in the Open Science Collaborative reproducibility project and we discuss possible reasons for this. Based on the simulation studies, we recommend z-curve as a valid method to estimate replicability based on statistical results of original studies without the need to conduct actual replication studies.
Max Lowenstein

An irrelevant media when sentencing theft offenders occurs where judges lack trust and respect in what is being reported to the public. A significant lack of judicial faith is likely to lead to a reassessment of how best the judiciary can positively manage their relations with both the media and the general public. To reveal the level of impact from media reporting this research qualitatively compared the lower Court theft sentencing perceptions of 12 Danish and 12 English judges. This revealed that there was a similar predominantly negative Danish and English judicial rejection of the media as being biased and misinformed. However, judicial trust in academic and government sources was predominantly positively received due to the greater depth of analysis and peer review processes involved. These two most trusted media sources should be focused upon when managing future relations with the media and public. This focused approach supports the shared judicial perceptions in England and Denmark that the quality of media reporting matters far more than the quantity. The English Judiciary can and should provide quality benchmarks for the multitude of media sources to aspire to and thereby inform the public of their continuing commitment to sentencing transparency and independence.
A Fault Injector for the Software-Deﬁned Networking Control Plane

—Software-deﬁned networking (SDN) is a nascent approach to designing computer networks to provide for deep programmability and dynamic reconﬁgurability. Such SDN architectures rely on a control plane protocol, such as OpenFlow, to reliably maintain the global system state of the network. However, relatively little attention has been given to the potential utility of fault injections within the SDN control plane. We motivate the importance of fault injection within the SDN control plane by considering issues of state consistency, fault propagation, and security implications. We propose an inline, man-in-the-middle fault injection architecture and tool that can serve as a tool for solving these issues. We implement a fault injector using a networking testbed and demonstrate the ability to modify OpenFlow packets inline.
Variability in Viking ion and electric field observations detected by a wavelet filtering technique

We present a wavelet filtering technique combined with principal component analysis which opens up new possibilities to study the variability in satellite particle and electric field observations. With this method, frequency components normally obscured by spacecraft spin and energy sweep can be extracted from the data. The method is tested on Viking ion and electris field observations during an interval of elevated conics near 13,300 km altitude. After wavelet filtering, similar wavelet magnitude patterns are found for both the ion and the electric field observations. This similarity indicates the close relation between electric field fluctuations and upflowing ions. The common features appear first in the electric field and few seconds later in the ion data.
Measurement of MOOCsSEAMOLEC Effectiveness Using Lostness Metric

---------------------------------------- ************************ ---------------------------------- Abstract: Massive Open Online Courses have contributed to spreading knowledge without limited space and time and very little costs. MOOCs users have diverse cultural backgrounds, therefore the effectiveness of the MOOCs platform is very important. Lostness testing is one way to measure the effectiveness of the MOOCs platform. Of the 85 instructors and 150 students with varied age ranges randomly selected to complete several tasks at MOOCs SEAMOLEC to decide the effect of gender, role, and age on the level of lostness. The results of the tests show that the role influenced the level of lostness, where the role of the teacher has a lower level of lostness. The conclusion is even though age and gender are often considered to affect the mastery of technology, but with a role that has more responsibility, a person will be more serious and thorough, thus impacting on the low-level of lostness.
STABILITY INDICATING METHOD DEVELOPMENT

A simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and selective stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination of ambroxol and cefadroxil in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage form. Separation and quantification were achieved on a Phenomenex C18, 5μm, 150 x 4.6 mm i. d. column using PDA detector. The mobile phase was 0.1% OPA: methanol (50:50 v/v), at a flow rate of 1 ml/min and injection volume was 10μL. Detection was carried out at a wavelength of 249 nm. The method was validated for precision, accuracy and robustness. Ambroxol and cefadroxil were exposed to acidic, basic, oxidative, neutral, thermal and photolytic stress conditions and the stressed samples were analyzed by the proposed method. Good linear relationship in the concentration range of 12-36μg/ml for ambroxol with correlation coefficient of 0.999 and 60-180 μg/ml for cefadroxil with correlation coefficient of 0.999. The LOD and LOQ for Ambroxol were found to be 0.0680 mg/ml and 0.2268 mg/ml, respectively. The LOD and LOQ for cefadroxil were found to be 0.244mg/ml and 0.813mg/ml, respectively. The precision was less than 2% RSD for both analytes. The stressed sample chromatograms demonstrate the specificity of the proposed method for the determination of target analytes in presence of their degradants.
Enhanced Accumulation of Metals in Bottle Gourd Plants Expressing an Arabidopsis Cation/H Exchanger

In plants, cation sequestration from the cytosol to the vacuole is thought to be an important component for ion tolerance and its potential for use in phytoremediation. The Arabidopsis vacuolar exchanger CAX2 may be a key mediator in this machinery. Here we demonstrate that transgenic bottle gourd plants expressing CAX2 have more calcium (Ca) than wild-type. In addition, expression of CAX2 in bottle gourd showed a significant increase of the two metals tested (Mn and Cd). Furthermore, transgenic bottle gourd seedlings showed no phenotypic alterations during the whole growth period. These results indicate that intact CAX2 has broad substrate specificity, and suggest that the modulation of this exchanger might be meaningful for the future strategies to improve plant ion tolerance. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
University of Birmingham BTN3A1 discriminates T cell phosphoantigens from non-antigenic small molecules via a conformational sensor in its B30.2 domain

Human Vγ9/Vδ2 T-cells detect tumour cells and microbial infections by recognising small phosphorylated prenyl metabolites termed phosphoantigens (P-Ag). The type-1 transmembrane protein Butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) is critical to the P-Ag-mediated activation of Vγ9/Vδ2 T-cells, however, the molecular mechanisms involved in BTN3A1-mediated metabolite sensing are unclear, including how P-Ag are discriminated from non-antigenic small molecules. Here, we utilised NMR and X-ray crystallography to probe P-Ag sensing by BTN3A1. Whereas the BTN3A1 Immunoglobulin Variable domain failed to bind P-Ag, the intracellular B30.2 domain bound a range of negativelycharged small molecules, including P-Ag, in a positively-charged surface pocket. However, NMR chemical shift perturbations indicated BTN3A1 discriminated P-Ag from non-antigenic small molecules by their ability to induce a specific conformational change in the B30.2 domain that propagated from the P-Ag binding site to distal parts of the domain. These results suggest BTN3A1 selectively detects P-Ag intracellularly via a conformational antigenic sensor in its B30.2 domain, and have implications for rational design of antigens for Vγ9/Vδ2 -based T-cell immunotherapies.
Combining Social Media Data and Traditional Surveys to Estimate and Predict Migration Stocks

Social media and Web data offer new opportunities to improve demographic knowledge and to complement more traditional data sources. Face-book, for example, can be thought of as a large digital census that is constantly updated. However, its users are not representative of the underlying population. Contrastingly, the American Community Survey (ACS) relies on smaller samples that may be noisy and that are published with a substantial delay from data collection. Additionally, ACS samples are representative of the underlying population and have historical depth. We generate now-casts, present and near-future predictions, of migration stocks that combine the best of the two complementary sources using a Bayesian hierarchical model. Facebook data, obtained via the Marketing API are timely, but lack demographic constraints on trends in age patterns that we extrapolate from ACS time series. Combining data sources and modeling strategies enables the researcher to weigh down inconsistencies and extract valuable insights without ignoring existing information. Although the focus of this article is on migration, our methods are general and contribute to the emerging literature on complementing social media and traditional data sources in various contexts.
Preliminary Investigation into the Influence of Transverse Waves in PDEs Simulations

Pulse detonation engines (PDEs) are inherently difficult to model due to the large disparity in length scales presented in the problem. Calculations using the Zeldovich-von Neumann-Doring (ZND) detonation model show that reaction zone thicknesses for stoichiometric fuel-oxygen mixtures at standard temperature and pressure are typically on the order of 1e-5 m [1]. In actuality, this length scale is only a first approximation to the smallest inviscid scale as the unsteady, multidimensional structure of realistic detonations leads to shock strengths that can be significantly larger than the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) estimates used in ZND calculations. Several previous studies have shown that sufficient resolution can be achieved in numerical simulations when between 10 and 50 grid points are placed in the reaction zone [2-5]. The largest length scale in a practical PDE configuration can be expected to be on the order of 1 m. Consequently, even a one-dimensional simulation of a practical device using uniform, non-adaptive, grid spacing would require over one-million grid points in order to fully resolve the smallest length-scale. Due to the aforementioned difficulties, PDE simulations presented in the literature are typically done at resolutions which are orders of magnitude larger than the smallest physical length scale [6]. Despite being underresolved, these simulations are typically capable of predicting detonation velocities and post-reaction-zone flowfield quantities that are consistent with equilibrium CJ theory [7]. Ideally, these under-resolved simulations represent a spatial and temporal average of the underlying physics; however, a systematic study has not been presented to assess the validity of this approach for PDE performance predictions. In this work we will focus on whether the typically unresolved transverse wave structure in multidimensional cellular detonations has an impact on performance.
Semantics-preserving optimization of mapping multi-column key constraints for RDB to RDF transformation

The relational database (RDB) to Resource Description Framework (RDF) transformation is a major semantic information extraction method because most web data are managed by RDBs. Existing automatic RDB to RDF transformation methods generate RDF data without losing the semantics of original relational data. However, two major problems have been observed during the mapping of multi-column key constraints: repetitive data generation and semantic information loss. In this paper, we propose an improved RDB to RDF transformation method that ensures mapping without the aforementioned problems. Optimized rules are defined to generate an accurate semantic data structure for a multi-column key constraint and to reduce repetitive constraint data. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better accuracy in transforming multi-column key constraints and generates compact semantic results without repetitive data.