Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intake, nutrient apparent digestibility and ruminal constituents of sheep fed diets with canola, sunflower or castor oils

ABSTRACT - The objective in this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding diets with canola, sunﬂowerorcastor oils on intake, nutrient apparent digestibility and ruminal constituents of crossbred Dorper × Santa Ines sheep. Four rumen-cannulated animals of 90.2±11.4 kg average body weight were assigned to a 4 × 4 latin square. Animals remained individually in cages for the metabolism assay and were fed diets containing roughage at 500 g/kg and concentrate based on ground corn and soybean meal also at 500 g/kg. No oil was added to the control diet, whereas the others had canola, sunﬂoweror castor oils at 30 g/kg (DM basis). There was no difference for the intake of DM and nutrients, except for ether extract, which was greater when animals received oil. The digestibility coefﬁcientsofdrymatter,organicmatter,crudeprotein,non-ﬁber carbohydrates and neutral detergent ﬁber were not changed; however, the addition of oil increased the ether extractdigestibility. The values of total digestible nutrients (TDN, g/kg of DM), digestible energy (DE, Mcal/kg of DM), TDN intake and DE intake also did not change with the addition of lipids. Concerning the ruminal constituents, the addition of vegetable oils reduced the concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total short-chain fatty acids. Adding canola, sunﬂowerorcastoroilsat 30 g/kg in diets with 500 g roughage/kg and 500 g concentrate/kg does not impair the intake or digestibility of nutrients in sheep, although it reduces the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the rumen.Key Words: ammonia, lipids, metabolism, short-chain fatty acids
Obesidad y pruebas de función pulmonar en niños: una revisión sistemática

Objective: To perform a systematic review of observational studies that analyzed the relation between spirometric param- eters and the presence of obesity in children and adolescents. Data source: Data were selected without language re- striction, using the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Lilacs, and SciELO, with no restriction as to initial date until December 2010. The descriptors were extracted from Medical Subject Headings: "respiratory function tests" and "childhood obesity". Synthesis of data: 89 papers were initially found, but only five were selected. Observational studies reporting spirometric parameters and body mass index of the patients were included, and those that assessed pulmonary function by other methods and whose subjects were not exclusively children or enrolled patients with associated comorbidities were excluded. In order to assess the quality of these stud- ies, the scale for observational studies of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality was applied. All studies evaluated the forced vital capacity and the forced expiratory volume on the first second. Four papers also assessed the forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75%, forced expira- tory flow at 50%, expiratory peak flow, and the relation between forced expiratory volume on the first second and forced vital capacity. Conclusions: The studies show consistent data and evi- dence of association between decreased spirometric values of forced vital and capacity and forced expiratory volume on the first second with obesity in children and adolescents.
The Distrusted Truth: Examination of Challenged Perceptions and Expectations

Three experiments were designed to investigate various aspects of the distrusted truth. In the first experiment, 60 undergraduate students were asked to self-assess their abilities to tell and detect lies, tell truths and trust others. The truth-telling ability was self-assessed higher than all four abilities. Participants further evaluated the importance of the four abilities. The ability to tell the truth convincingly was evaluated as very important. In the second experiment 80 undergraduate students reported that their feelings would be severely hurt if other people question their truthful messages. The third experiment put these attitudes to a test when 60 undergraduate students took part in a truth telling task in which the four judges presumed deception. After each session participants received either a confirming feedback indicating that they were convincing when they told the truth, a challenging feedback indicating that they failed to convince, or no feedback. It turned out that feedback did not affect participants’ subsequent self-assessed truth telling ability. However, predicted success in delivering convincing truths declined when the challenging feedback was introduced. Results were discussed with reference to situations where the perceived ability to tell the truth convincingly may be challenged.
Optical methods and artificial intelligence in diagnostics of industrial pulverized coal burner

In order to meet very stringent emission standards the modern combustion technologies require advanced diagnostic methods such as optical methods. They provide large amounts of information, but their interpretation requires the use of complex data processing techniques. The article describes a method developed by the authors and the results of the research made using 1:10 scale model. (Metody optyczne i sztuczna inteligencja w diagnostyce przemyslowego palnika pylowego) Streszczenie. Wspolczesne technologie spalania, aby spelnic bardzo ostre normy emisji zanieczyszczen wymagają zaawansowanych metod diagnostyki np. z uzyciem metod optycznych. Dostarczają one duzej ilości informacji lecz ich interpretacja wymaga zastosowania zlozonych technik obrobki danych. W artykule opisana jest metoda opracowywana przez autorow i wyniki badan na modelu w skali 1:10.
Structural changes in lower ionosphere wind trends at midlatitudes

Abstract. Long-term variability of the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (lower E region ionosphere) since 1970 has been analyzed using wind data series obtained at Collm (52° N, 15° E) using the LF drift method and at Obninsk (55° N, 37° E) applying VHF meteor radar. Applying piecewise linear trend analysis with a priori unknown number and positions of breakpoints shows that trend models with breakpoints are generally to be preferred against straight lines. There is a strong indication for a change of trends in wind parameters around 1975–1980. Similar changes are also found in the lower atmosphere, e.g., in tropospheric temperatures. This indicates a coupling between atmospheric layers at time scales of decades.
СROSS-LANGUAGE IDENTITY RESOLUTION AND APPROACHES TO ITS SOLUTION

This paper describes approaches to the vocabulary normalization and cross-language identity resolution problems that arise when the LOD datasets are used to populate the content of scholarly knowledge bases. We have proposed several new heuristics, using additional information extracted from the full text sources of data. The first heuristics uses the full record track of a person, the second uses self-citation networks and the third uses the textual analysis of documents. The dataset of the Open Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences and several bibliographic datasets are used as test examples.
Linking data from different sources to estimate the risk of a collision when using a cell phone while driving

The objectives of the presentation are to review the methodology and results of three epidemiological studies that linked data from different sources to estimate the risk of a collision when using a cell phone while driving. Two of these studies used the case-crossover design and one used a more conventional epidemiological cohorts design. An emphasis is put on major differences between these two designs, their strengths and weaknesses.
Collocational Processing in Two Languages: A psycholinguistic comparison of monolinguals and bilinguals

With the renewed interest in the field of second language learning for the knowledge of collocating words, research findings in favour of holistic processing of formulaic language could support the idea that these language units facilitate efficient language processing. This study investigated the difference between processing of a first language (L1) and a second language (L2) of congruent collocations. A read-aloud task was administered to monolinguals (Persian) and advanced bilinguals (Persian-English) to assess their reaction time (RT) to collocations in comparison to non-collocations. With respect to the frequency-based approaches to the study of collocations, a list of high frequency items and a second list of non-collocations were compiled. It was hypothesised that when bilinguals are at advanced levels of proficiency their processing rate should not differ significantly from monolinguals. The study also examined the assumptions of dual-route system model (Wray, 2002). The data was analysed using linear mixed-effects modelling. The results suggested no advantage for processing of collocations over non-collocations, whereas collocational processing displayed higher response rate for monolinguals in comparison to bilinguals which contradicted our hypotheses and is in line with dual-route model assumptions.
EFFECT OF AGE AND LACATION ON MILK FATTY ACID PROFILE IN DAIRY BUFFFALOES

Milk quality has been an issue of public health concern, and changes occur in milk composition with the changing physiological and management states. An experiment was conducted to investigate changes in milk yield and fatty acid profile with advancing age and lactation stage in dairy buffaloes. A total of 12 multiparous lactating dairy buffaloes were divided into two groups: younger (1-4 lactation number) and mature (810 lactation number) having six animals in each one, which were further subdivided into early (1-3 months) and late (7-10 months) lactation stage. All the buffaloes were stall fed, had access to green fodders ad libitum and received concentrate mixture at the rate of 1 kg/2 lit of milk production. The experiment continued for six weeks starting from November until mid December 2009. Milk samples were collected weekly for analysis of the fatty acid profile. Saturated FAs (SFAs) had the highest concentration out of the total milk fatty acids and averaged about 70.41 g/100 g ranging from 64.96 to 78.83 g/100 g. The concentrations of C14:1, C16:1 and C18:3 were significantly (P<0.05) higher in younger buffaloes while C18:1cis, Medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were higher in older ones (P<0.05). The ratio of Δ9 desaturase activity was significantly (P<0.05) higher in younger animals (0.11) compared to older (0.07) while it was not affected by lactation stage. It was concluded that the milk fatty acid quality was better in younger animals at early lactation.
Paricalcitol prevents glucose induced-podocyte injury by inhibiting Wnt / β-catenin pathway

Previous reports found that vitamin D analog Paricalcitol can inhibit β-catenin, we tested whether parcialcitol could ameliorate glucose-induced podocyte injury. The podocytes MPC5 cells were treated and divided into 6 groups: low glucose (L), low glucose with mannitol (L+D), high glucose group (H), high glucose + Paricalcitol (H+P), high glucose + losartan (H+losartan) and High glucose + LiCl group (H+Licl). The podocyte injury induced by high glucose and the effect of Paricalcitol on it were evaluated by measuring the cell proliferation and cell apoptosis rates. The nuclear translocation of VDR and β-catenin were evaluated. The upregulated TGF-β and Col IV indicated podocyte injury induced by high glucose, with increased cell apoptosis rate and decreased proliferation rate. After treated with Paricalcitol, elevated WT and nephrin was observed, while the TGF-β and Col IV was down-regulated. It promoted VDR nuclear translocation and blocked β-catenin nuclear translocation. Administration of LiCl, a WNT/βcatenin Signaling pathway agonist, could reverse the effects of Paricalcitol, suggesting that Paricalcitol led to suppression of β-catenin-mediated gene transcription. In response to high glucose, podocytes can undergo a spectrum of changes that may involve apoptosis, slow proliferation, and cell injury. Paricalcitol prevented this podocyte injury by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Biocatalytic conversion of lignin to aromatic dicarboxylic acids in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 by re-routing aromatic degradation pathways

The heteropolymer lignin represents an untapped resource for production of renewable aromatic chemicals, if efficient depolymerisation methods can be developed. In this work, the metabolic pathways in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 for degradation of aromatic lignin breakdown products are re-routed, in order to generate an aromatic dicarboxylic acid product that could be used for bioplastic synthesis. Protocatechuic acid is normally metabolised via ortho-cleavage to the β-keto-adipate pathway. Insertion of recombinant genes for protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase or protocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase into R. jostii RHA1, followed by ammonia cyclisation of the extradiol cleavage products, generates pyridine 2,4-dicarboxylic acid or pyridine 2,5-dicarboxylic acid bioproducts in yields of 80–125 mg L−1 when grown on minimal media containing 1% wheat straw lignocellulose.
Kinematics of a decoupled series-parallel manipulator by means of screw theory

This work reports on the kinematic analyses of a non-redundant spatial robot built with a translational manipulator assembled in series connection with a parallel wrist. The first mechanism is a fullydecoupled, fully-isotropic and singularity-free translational manipulator while the second mechanism is a spherical parallel manipulator equipped with rotational actuators. The parallel wrist is free of revolute joints with concurrent axes. Numerical examples are provided in order to show the application of the method.
Extraction of Depth Profiles of Third Order Elastic Constants in Cracked Media

Elastic constants of components are usually determined by tensile tests in combination with ultrasonic experiments. However, these properties may change due to e.g. mechanical treatments or service conditions during their lifetime. Knowledge of the actual material parameters is key to the determination of quantities like residual stresses present in the medium. In this work the acoustic nonlinearity parameter (ANP) for surface acoustic waves is examined through the derivation of an evolution equation for the amplitude of the second harmonic. Given a certain depth profile of the third-order elastic constants, the dependence of the ANP with respect to the input frequency is determined and on the basis of these results, an appropriate inversion method is developed. This method is intended for the extraction of the depth dependence of the third-order elastic constants of the material from second-harmonic generation and guided wave mixing experiments, assuming that the change in the linear Rayleigh wave veloci.
Primal-Dual Gradient Flow Algorithm for Distributed Support Vector Machines

In this paper, a primal-dual gradient flow algorithm for distributed support vector machines (DSVM) is proposed. A network of computing nodes, each carrying a subset of horizontally partitioned large dataset is considered. The nodes are represented as dynamical systems with Arrow-Hurwicz-Uzawa gradient flow dynamics, derived from the Lagrangian function of the DSVM problem. It is first proved that the nodes are passive dynamical systems. Then, by employing the Krasovskii type candidate Lyapunov functions, it is proved that the computing nodes asymptotically converge to the optimal primal-dual solution.
Collaborative action research on enhancing student communication in mathematics, building a teacher-researcher community

Collaborative Action Research on Enhancing Student Communication in Mathematics: Building a teacher-mseaaicher community Catherine Diane Bruce Master of Arts, 2001 Department of Curriculum. Teaching and Learning University of Toronto The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships of three teacherresearchen as they developed a small community of practice m i l e conducting action research on student communication in mathernatics. The teachers set specific goals for instructional improvement. Their refombased interventions were monitored. as were student mathematics learning logs. Simultaneously, activity and reflections of the teacher-researchers were documented over eight months. A grounded theory approach was used to analyse data through the processes of open. axial, and selective coding . An overarching model for collaborative action research was generated from the data. Sources of data included interview. observations, group meetings, learning logs. and teacherresearcher journal entries. The main finding of this study was that successful instructional change required: 1) an active reflective stance by the participants; 2) a small supportive community of practice; and 3) the obviation of sources of tension. Collaborative Action Research on Enhancing Student Communication in Mathematics: Building a teacher-researcher community
Woman On Board And Firm Performance: Evidence From Industrial Companies

This study aims to examine the effect of board gender diversity on the firm performance. This study also includes controlling variable effect to examine the relationship between gender diversity and firm performance. The ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis is used to investigate the relationship between gender diversity of board of directors and firm performance. This study tests the hypotheses on a sample of listed industrial companies on the Bursa Malaysia for the year 2016. The results indicate that the boards of sample companies in Malaysia are male-dominated. Moreover, this study finds that the board gender diversity did not have significant impacts on firm performance, as measured by return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). Limited empirical evidences and studies have been conducted on the relationship between board gender diversity and firm performance in emerging countries. In addition, lack of consensus on the relationship between board gender diversity and firm performance and it was based on mixed and contradictory findings in prior research. Therefore, this study extent the current literature in the context of Malaysia indicates that female directors cannot play their roles actively and effectively due to a very limited number of female representatives on the boardroom. This study contributes advanced empirical evidence on board gender diversity and board characteristics on the firm performance relationship in the context of Malaysia. on Equity (ROE) and Return on Sales (ROS). This study used accounting-based measures of profitability to proxy firm performance such as, the ROA and the ROE. These profitability ratios are commonly used to measure the company’s ability to generate earnings and provide returns to their shareholders. The ROA is measured by the contribution of net income over total assets (Ismail, Yabai, & Hahn, 2014). The ROA is used to measure firm performance because it is an indicator of profitability of the company and determine the management’s ability in managing the corporate assets. Next, the ROE is measured by the contribution of net income over shareholders’ equity. The ROE is used as it is indicate the efficiency of shareholders invest their capital in the company Abdullah, & Kamaruzzaman, 2015; Shubita Alsawalhah,
The effect of lateral confinement on gravel bed river morphology

In this paper, we use a physical modeling approach to explore the effect of lateral confinement on gravel bed river planform style, bed morphology, and sediment transport processes. A set of 27 runs was performed in a large flume (25 m long, 2.9 m wide), with constant longitudinal slope (0.01) and uniform grain size (1 mm), changing the water discharge (1.5–2.5 L/s) and the channel width (0.15–1.5 m) to model a wide range of channel configurations, from narrow, straight, embanked channels to wide braided networks. The outcomes of each run were characterized by a detailed digital elevation model describing channel morphology, a map of dry areas and areas actively transporting sediment within the channel, and continuous monitoring of the amount of sediment transported through the flume outlet. Analysis reveals strong relationships between unit stream power and parameters describing the channel morphology. In particular, a smooth transition is observed between narrow channels with an almost rectangular cross‐section profile (with sediment transport occurring across the entire channel width) and complex braided networks where only a limited proportion (30%) of the bed is active. This transition is captured by descriptors of the bed elevation frequency distribution, e.g., standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. These summary statistics represent potentially useful indicators of bed morphology that are compared with other commonly used summary indicators such as the braiding index and the type and number of bars.
On the segregation of chemical species in a clear boundary layer over heterogeneous land surfaces

Abstract. Using a Large-Eddy Simulation model, we have systematically studied the inability of boundary layer turbulence to efficiently mix reactive species. This creates regions where the species are accumulated in a correlated or anti-correlated way, thereby modifying the mean reactivity. We quantify this modification by the intensity of segregation, IS, and analyse the driving mechanisms: heterogeneity of the surface moisture and heat fluxes, various background wind patterns and non-uniform isoprene emissions. The heterogeneous surface conditions are characterized by cool and wet forested patches with high isoprene emissions, alternated with warm and dry patches that represents pasture with relatively low isoprene emissions. For typical conditions in the Amazon rain forest, applying homogeneous surface forcings and in the absence of free tropospheric NOx, the isoprene-OH reaction rate is altered by less than 10%. This is substantially smaller than the previously assumed IS of 50% in recent large-scale model analyses of tropical rain forest chemistry. Spatial heterogeneous surface emissions enhance the segregation of species, leading to alterations of the chemical reaction rates up to 20%. The intensities of segregation are enhanced when the background wind direction is parallel to the borders between the patches and reduced in the case of a perpendicular wind direction. The effects of segregation on trace gas concentrations vary per species. For the highly reactive OH, the differences in concentration averaged over the boundary layer are less than 2% compared to homogeneous surface conditions, while the isoprene concentration is increased by as much as 12% due to the reduced chemical reaction rates. These processes take place at the sub-grid scale of chemistry transport models and therefore need to be parameterized.
Effect of the Cavity-Cavity Interaction on the Stress Amplitude in Orthopedic Cement

The presence of porosities in bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate) in total hip prosthesis (THP) cemented is necessary for the diffusion of antibiotics, but it is a critical characteristic of weakening by the effect of stress concentration and the interconnecting pores. The aim of this study was to analyse by the finite element method (FEM), the size influence of micro-cavities in cement assuming the junction cup-bone, and the effect of cavity-cavity interaction on the stress level and distribution in cement according to the human stance defined by the implant position axis compared to that of the cup.