Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Residue Analysis of Fipronil and Its Metabolites in Eggs by SinChERS-Based UHPLC-MS/MS

Abstract A method for simultaneous detection of fipronil (F) and its metabolites fipronil desulfinyl (FD), fipronil sulfide (FS), fipronil sulfone (FSO) in chicken eggs was applied and validated. It includes single-step, cheap, effective, rugged, safe-based method (SinChERS) for sample preparation and ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for chemical analysis. Results suggested that formic acid enhanced the recovery of 4 target residues and 1% supplementation to acetonitrile gained higher recoveries than that of 5%. SinChERS integrated extraction and clean-up steps into one, with shorter time (1.5 h) to operate and higher recoveries (97%–100%) than HLB, Envi-Carb-NH2 and quik-easy-cheap-effective-rugged-safe method (QuEChERS), and it consumed the smallest volume of extracting solvent (10 mL) as QuEChERS. Quantitative analyses using external standard method suggested the linear ranges of 4 target compounds were 1–20 μg/L with R2>0.9947. The limit of detection (S/N>3) and quantification (S/N>10) were 0.3 μg/kg and 1 μg/kg. Recoveries ranged from 89.0% to 104.4%, and the relative standard deviations (n=6) at 1, 10, and 20 μg/kg were lower than 6.03%. Thirty batches of domestic eggs (500 g each) were detected by the established SinChERS-based UHPLC-MS/MS and no target residues were detected in all samples. The method developed in this study is a rapid, sensitive, accurate and economic way for multi-residue analysis of fipronil and its metabolites in eggs.
Anomaly-Aware Network Traffic Estimation via Outlier-Robust Tensor Completion

Accurately estimating network traffic from the partial measurements plays a crucial role in network management. However, the potential anomaly existing in real networks usually makes this goal difficult to achieve. Existing network traffic estimation methods generally impute network traffic independent of anomaly detection, which incurs significant performance degradation with network anomaly. To address this issue in the realistic network scenario, we propose a novel anomaly-aware network traffic estimation method to recover network traffic data concurrently with network anomaly detection. Specifically, by exploiting the inherent spatio-temporal characteristics, we first formulate the network traffic estimation as a low-rank tensor completion problem. Then, an outlier-robust tensor completion (OrTC) model is constructed by introducing both L2,1-norm regularization and ${\mathrm {L}}_{F}$ -norm regularization, which can not only well fit the intrinsic low-rank property of real traffic data, but also is robust against both the dense noise and the sparse anomaly. Furthermore, an effective optimization algorithm OrTC-AM is designed to solve the non-convex and non-smooth OrTC model based on the popular alternating minimization method. Finally, the extensive experiments performed on the public dataset demonstrate that our proposed OrTC-AM method outperforms the previously widely used network traffic estimation methods.
Hindgut Bacterial Flora Analysis in Oriental Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus)

The intestinal microbiome is known to affect host health through various effects on nutrition and immunity. The oriental honey buzzard (OHB) is a raptor that feeds on bees and wasps. Due to its restricted diet, we reasoned that the OHB may have a unique microbiome. The aim of this study was to characterize the structure of the intestinal flora of oriental honey buzzards and to investigate the difference of intestinal bacterial flora between individuals in the wild and those reared in captivity. We investigated the intestinal microbiome of seven wild buzzards (Wild), one zoo-reared (Zoo), and one individual reared in captivity for one month (Rearing). Average operational taxonomic units in Wild and Rearing were 69.4 and 113, respectively. Diversity indices such as ACE, Chao 1, Shannon, and Alpha were significantly lower in the Wild than in the Rearing samples. These results suggest that the variety of Wild microbiome is remarkably low. At the phylum level, the composition of the microbiome was similar in all three groups, with firmicutes and bacteroidetes predominating. The third most abundant bacterium in Wild was Proteobacteria, whereas it was Actinobacteria in Rearing and unclassified bacteria in Zoo. Thus, microbiome composition is affected even with just one month of human rearing.
A High-Voltage UWB Pulse Generator Using Passive Amplification in 65-nm CMOS

This paper proposes an ultra-wideband (UWB) pulse generator featuring high output amplitude for applications with long transmission and detection range. The output signal of a switch-mode power amplifier stage is passively amplified by a wideband matching network to produce output voltage amplitudes beyond the supply voltage level. Incorporating the parallel LC load of the power amplifier into the matching network and considering the constraints of the wideband matching when the power amplifier is ON and OFF, only a 2-section matching network is added for wideband matching. Employing a trapezoidal waveform as the input signal of the power amplifier, the design flexibility of the matching network to generate a regulation-compliant UWB pulse is further extended. Implemented in a 1-V 65-nm CMOS process, the proposed UWB pulse generator produces a UWB pulse with a de-embedded peak-to-peak amplitude ( $V_{pp}$ ) of 2.49 V, a bandwidth of 6.8 GHz and pulse duration of 0.5 ns achieving 249% peak-to-peak to supply voltage ratio.
Kazakhstan - Trade Competitiveness and Diversification in the Global Value Chains Era

As a small economy, Kazakhstan’s growth and development prospects crucially depend on its increasing participation in international trade. Kazakhstan is dependent on hydrocarbon and other mineral exports and remains vulnerable to international price shocks. Greater trade integration into global and regional value chains will be a powerful vehicle for raising Kazakhstan’s participation into the global economy, encouraging the reallocation of the factors of production, upgrading of productivity, and allowing the emergence of a more dynamic private sector. Exporting exposes companies to competition in international markets that should help them improve their operations and production processes. Global value chains connect domestic firms with production networks that can potentially transmit frontier technologies and knowledge. This report provides an overview of Kazakhstan’s trade and trade competitiveness. The framework involves assessing trade performance along various dimensions that cumulatively form a comprehensive picture of the sustainable competitiveness of the export sector, including: (i) the level, growth, and market share performance of existing exports (termed the intensive margin); (ii) the diversification of products and markets (extensive margin); (iii) the quality and sophistication of exports (quality margin); and (iv) the patterns of entry and survival of exporters (sustainability margin). This diagnostic framework provides a way to analyze determinants of trade competitiveness across three broad areas: market access; supply-side factors; and trade promotion infrastructure. This note is structured in three chapters. First chapter is introduction, the second chapter assesses export performance along four dimensions and provides a comprehensive picture of the sustainable competitiveness of the export sector: intensive margin, extensive margin, quality margin, and sustainability margin. The third chapter contains the trade in value-added analysis using the trade in value-added (TiVA) data for Kazakhstan.
Cancelation and Shifts of Specular Reflections From Soft–Hard Triangular Cylinders

The physical theory of diffraction (PTD) is presented for triangular cylinders with faces consisting of soft (electric) and hard (magnetic) sections. It is shown that the specular reflections from such cylinders can be canceled and shifted with appropriate combinations of the soft and hard sections. The residual scattered field in the specular directions is produced by the fringe waves diffracted at the edges and junctions between the soft and hard sections. Due to the energy conservation law, the wave field of the canceled specular beams is distributed over the increased sidelobes. It is shown that the forward scattering is the same for the hard, soft–hard, and black cylinders.
Visualising Spatial Light Intensity Distribution on Optical Fibre Core with Spreadsheet

Spreadsheet software is a practical and powerful computing and graphical tool. This study presents a simple way to build a physics simulation in spreadsheet software. The simulation aims to visualise spatial light intensity distribution on an optical fibre core. The simulation can visualise various modes. The mathematical equation in optical fibre is quite complicated. The visualisation may help students in interpreting the mathematical equation and making a connection between theoretical modelling and experiment.
Meta-Learning Approaches for Recovery Rate Prediction

While previous academic research highlights the potential of machine learning and big data for predicting corporate bond recovery rates, the operations management challenge is to identify the relevant predictive variables and the appropriate model. In this paper, we use meta-learning to combine the predictions from 20 candidates of linear, nonlinear and rule-based algorithms, and we exploit a data set of predictors including security-specific factors, macro-financial indicators and measures of economic uncertainty. We find that the most promising approach consists of model combinations trained on security-specific characteristics and a limited number of well-identified, theoretically sound recovery rate determinants, including uncertainty measures. Our research provides useful indications for practitioners and regulators targeting more reliable risk measures in designing micro- and macro-prudential policies.
The Relationship of Theory of Mind and Attachment Characteristics with Disease Severity in Social Anxiety Disorder.

Introduction The aim of our study is to compare the attachment characteristics and the theory of mind abilities measured by the Eyes Test between social anxiety disorder (SAD) patients and healthy controls. Another aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between attachment characteristics, theory of mind abilities and disease severity in patients with SAD. Method 47 consecutive patients with SAD and 50 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Sociodemographic data form, SCID-I Structured Clinical Interview form Patient Version, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (Eye Test), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Experiences in Close Relationship Inventory (ECR) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were administered to all participants. Results The BDI, LSAS anxiety and avoidence, ECR and anxiety and avoidance, STAI state and trait anxiety scores of the SAD group were higher than the controls, but the Eyes Test scores were lower. It was observed that the Eyes Test score difference between the two groups survived when controlled for BDI and STAI state and trait anxiety scores. In the SAD group, both ECR anxiety and avoidance scores were associated with LSAS anxiety and avoidance scores. Eyes Test scores were associated with LSAS anxiety and avoidance scores. In regression analysis, it was observed that the Eyes Test, ECR anxiety and avoidance scores effected both the LSAS anxiety and the LSAS avoidance scores. Conclusion In SAD patients, the theory of mind functions was impaired when compared to healthy controls, and this difference has been found to be independent of anxiety or depression levels. Attachment anxiety and avoidance dimensions have negative effects on SAD disease severity. The fact that the theory of mind ability is inversely related with SAD severity suggests that interventions to improve social cognition might have a potential to decrease the severity of disease in SAD.
Anisotropic Metasurface Holography in 3-D Space With High Resolution and Efficiency

Electromagnetic metasurfaces are structured surfaces consisting of a thin array of subwavelength elements with engineered scattering properties, thus providing a promising means of holographic display by controlling the field distributions. However, the existing metasurface holography has limited capabilities in achieving 3-D fields with simultaneous features of high spatial resolution and energy efficiency due to the design methods. In this work, we present a transmissive metasurface to achieve polarization-dependent field distributions in 3-D space with both high resolution and efficiency. In the design, a new method that utilizes dyadic Green’s function (DGF) as the rigorous propagator is used. Using the method, the sources and fields are linked directly and can be located on arbitrary 3-D points with the intermediate spaces being equal or unequal. The design is successfully validated by full-wave simulations and experimental measurements. The broadband simulation results indicate that the design has a bandwidth of 0.8 GHz. This work demonstrates a feasible and simple route of field synthesis for real-world applications that require high resolution, high efficiency, and 3-D scenarios.
Effect of lianas on forest‐level tree carbon accumulation does not differ between seasons: Results from a liana removal experiment in Panama

Lianas are prevalent in Neotropical forests, where liana‐tree competition can be intense, resulting in reduced tree growth and survival. The ability of lianas to grow relative to trees during the dry season suggests that liana‐tree competition is also strongest in the dry season. If correct, the predicted intensification of the drying trend over large areas of the tropics in the future may therefore intensify liana‐tree competition resulting in a reduced carbon sink function of tropical forests. However, no study has established whether the liana effect on tree carbon accumulation is indeed stronger in the dry than in the wet season. Using 6 years of data from a large‐scale liana removal experiment in Panama, we provide the first experimental test of whether liana effects on tree carbon accumulation differ between seasons. We monitored tree and liana diameter increments at the beginning of the dry and wet season each year to assess seasonal differences in forest‐level carbon accumulation between removal and control plots. We found that median liana carbon accumulation was consistently higher in the dry (0.52 Mg C ha−1 year−1) than the wet season (0.36 Mg C ha−1 year−1) and significantly so in three of the years. Lianas reduced forest‐level median tree carbon accumulation more severely in the wet (1.45 Mg C ha−1 year−1) than the dry (1.05 Mg C ha−1 year−1) season in all years. However, the relative effect of lianas was similar between the seasons, with lianas reducing forest‐level tree carbon accumulation by 46.9% in the dry and 48.5% in the wet season. Synthesis. Our results provide the first experimental demonstration that lianas do not have a stronger competitive effect on tree carbon accumulation during the dry season. Instead, lianas compete significantly with trees during both seasons, indicating a large negative effect of lianas on forest‐level tree biomass increment regardless of seasonal water stress. Longer dry seasons are unlikely to impact liana‐tree competition directly; however, the greater liana biomass increment during dry seasons may lead to further proliferation of liana biomass in tropical forests, with consequences for their ability to store and sequester carbon.
Effects of dietary protein and carbohydrate on life‐history traits and body protein and fat contents of the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens

We investigate how the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) responds to dietary protein (P) and carbohydrate (C) contents and the P:C ratio in terms of both immature and adult life‐history traits, as well as effects on larval body composition. Nine chicken‐feed based diets varying in their P:C ratio are formulated. We test three protein concentrations (10%, 17% and 24%) and three carbohydrate concentrations (35%, 45% and 55%) and their combinations. All nine diets support the complete development and reproduction of this species. Survival is high on all diets. Development time, larval yield, larval crude fat and egg yield are more influenced by P and C contents than by the P:C ratio. Low contents result in a shorter development time. Larval yield is higher on diets with higher C‐contents. Pupal development is faster on a low dietary P‐content for all three C‐contents. Egg yield only increases when P‐content increases, although it also varies with the P:C ratio. Larval crude protein content is similar on all nine diets but increases when C‐content is low (10%) in P10 and P17. Larval crude fat content is high at P24‐diets irrespective of C‐content. We conclude that a high macronutrient content combined with a low P:C ratio positively affects H. illucens performance. The diet P17:C55 supports the highest larval and adult performance and results in a high larval body protein content and an intermediate crude fat content.
Stochastic Stability Analysis and Synthesis of a Class of Human-in-the-Loop Control Systems

There have been a wide variety of practical control applications having human in the loop in today’s society, such as automobile systems, health care, and energy management. In this article, a Markov jump system with controlled and hidden modes (MJSCHM) is employed to model a class of human-in-the-loop (HiTL) control systems which passively monitor human internal state (HIS) and take appropriate control actions to the human and the machine. By means of the MJSCHM, the human model, the machine model, and their interaction can be integrated in a probabilistic framework. In the MJSCHM, a controlled hidden Markov model (CHMM) is used for the human behavior modeling, which takes into account the random nature of HIS reasoning and the uncertainty from HIS observation, as well as the effect of control input for the human on the HIS. The stability analysis and human-assistance control design for linear discrete-time HiTL systems are addressed using the stochastic Lyapunov functional and linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Necessary and sufficient condition for stochastic stability of the HiTL system is first developed on the basis of the MJSCHM model. An LMI approach to the human-assistance control design is then proposed such that the HiTL system is stochastically stable. Finally, simulation results on a driver-assistance system are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
The first DNA barcoding records of three "Evergestis" Hübner, [1825] species in Turkey with molecular evaluations (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Glaphyriinae)

Turkish populations of Evergestis nomadalis Lederer, 1870, Evergestis boursini Amsel, 1939, and Evergestis pazukii Alipanah, 2018 were barcoded and presented detailed morphologies for the first time herein. Species delimination of the Evergestis Hübner, [1825] populations were evaluated based on the mitochondrial sitochrom oxidase I subunit gene. In the consensus tree, which was constructed using the neighbor joining, Bayesian inference, and maximum likelihood algorithms, the molecular relationships of genera/tribus in the subfamily Glaphyriinae were shown with some evaluations.
On Understanding the Impact of RTT in the Mobile Network for Detecting the Rogue UAVs

In recent times, Unmanned-aerial-vehicles (UAVs) have grasped significant attentions for performing various operations without a constant intervention of the human users. Due to the power and computing constraints, however, it is difficult for an UAV to perform all the tasks independently. Hence, to achieve its goals, a UAV may share various sensitive data with the nearest edge servers through some access points (APs). Prior to sending any sensitive information through an AP, it is very important for an UAV to determine the authenticity of the selected AP. In this paper, we have applied a timing-based algorithm for spotting rogue APs by the UAVs − while selecting an edge server. The timing-based algorithm does not require any additional hardware or any change in the network protocol for detection purpose. This fact, in turn, reduces the effort from UAV’s side for detecting a breach. An extensive experimental study shows that with a little manipulation in speed, an UAV can detect the presence of any rogue AP almost every time with only 6% false-positive rate.
Influence of interspecific hybridization on fitness-related traits in Siberian sturgeon and Russian sturgeon

Polyploidy in sturgeons makes them highly susceptible to interspecific hybridization, and these interspecific hybrids have been described in nature as well as in captivity. Nevertheless, the fitness-related traits between sturgeon hybrids and pure species have been poorly compared as yet. In the present study, we compared the reproductive parameters such as fertilization rate and hatching rate, growth traits and genetic polymorphism in the artificially produced hybrids of the Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) and Russian sturgeon (A. gueldenstaedtii) with their purebreds. Fertilization and hatching rates were found to be significantly higher in Siberian sturgeon (♀) × Russian sturgeon (♂) hybrid group compared to purebreds. The highest cumulative survival rate was determined in purebred groups until 151 days post-hatch (dph); however, this trend changed and Russian sturgeon purebred showed the lowest cumulative survival rate (0.21%) by 913 dph. Similarly, the lowest average body weight was recorded in Russian sturgeon purebred group (264 g). In contrast, the highest average body weight was recorded in Russian sturgeon (♀) × Siberian sturgeon (♂) hybrids (435.3 g) and the highest cumulative survival rate was recorded in Siberian sturgeon (♀) × Russian sturgeon (♂) hybrids (12.32%) by 913 dph. No significant differences were found at heterozygosity levels among studied crosses. Our results showed that studied sturgeon hybrids had higher survival and growth if compared with the purebreds under provided hatchery conditions.
DIFFERENTIALLY FED DUAL-POLARIZED SIW CAVITY-BACKED PATCH ANTENNA WITH WIDE BANDWIDTH UNDER MULTIMODE RESONANCE

A differentially fed dual-polarized patch antenna with wide bandwidth is presented in this paper using Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology. The antenna comprises a circular patch radiator, a square SIW cavity, and four symmetric arc-shaped slots. The circular patch is internally embedded in the square SIW cavity with a surrounded ring slot. Two pairs of differential L-shaped probes are used for the excitation of the differential signals. These signals excite the orthogonal linearlypolarized modes. The dominant resonant mode of the circular patch resonator (TM11) and the modes of the SIW cavity (TE110 and TE120/TE210) are employed to achieve effective radiation under these resonances. Besides, four symmetric arc-shaped slots are etched on the top surface of the cavity to enhance the impedance bandwidth. The resonant properties of these modes are studied based on the cavity model theory. Then, their resonant frequencies are discussed to provide information for designing and optimizing such an antenna. Finally, the feeding positions of the differential L-shaped probes are investigated for good impedance matching. The proposed antenna has been fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves a wide impedance bandwidth of about 64.8% (4.37–8.56 GHz) and 64.2% (4.48–8.72 GHz) for horizontal and vertical polarization, respectively. High differential isolation of better than 30 dB and low cross-polarization are obtained by adopting the differential feeding mechanism. Due to the SIW cavity-backed structure, the antenna shows unidirectional radiation patterns and low back-lobe radiation, making it conveniently integrated with microwave differential circuits and applied in the base station systems.