Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANEMIA AND VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY IN ELDERLY.

Objective: The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia among elderly in slums of West Delhi. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 234 elderly aged 60 and above in slums of West Delhi. 5 ml blood was collected from 116 elderly and was analyzed for hemoglobin, Vitamin B12 and homocysteine. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin 15 μmol/l. Results: The overall prevalence of anemia, Vitamin B12 deficiency, and hyperhomocysteinemia among elderly was 57.76%, 36.36%, and 57.57%, respectively. Among anemic elderly, 33.33% and 64.15% had Vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia, respectively. Conclusion: More than half of the elderly population was anemic, while one-third was having Vitamin B12 deficiency.
Understanding and achieving person-centred care in an acute medical ward setting

Person-centred care is a concept often referred to in healthcare. However, it is unclear how it applies to everyday clinical practice. This qualitative study aimed to explore how the concept was understood and achieved in an acute medical ward setting in order to identify potential areas for development related to research, education and practice. The research design was influenced by an interpretive approach with the aim of accessing the meanings that participants assigned to the phenomenon of person-centred care and making this evident to others. A purposive sampling strategy identified 21 participants. These consisted of seven registered nurses, four student nurses, three healthcare support workers, three allied health professionals, two professional development co-ordinators and two nursing lecturers, who all took part in either individual or paired semi-structured interviews. Gathering data from this range of practitioners adds new perspectives to the body of knowledge on person-centred care. Data were analysed using Framework Analysis, which resulted in a model of person-centred care being developed iteratively as a result of data analysis, a priori knowledge of the researcher and the findings of the literature review. The study findings emphasise that all elements of the model; organisational culture, the philosophy of the care environment, characteristics of relationships, personal qualities of staff and principles of person-centred care interlink with each other to indicate what needs to be in place for person-centred care to be achieved. The model also provides a possible structure to inform the planning of future development within education and practice.The study outcomes identify potential areas for development within research, education and practice These include, working towards a shared vision of person-centred care in the study setting by using work based activities in order to identify ongoing development needs; the testing and evaluation of the use of the model of person-centred care in practice and education and the investigation of the feasibility of conducting a health economic study to explore the cost-benefit of providing person-centred care in acute care settings.
Theranostics in the gut

As a part of the body that is considered external, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract should allow easy access, but it remained relatively obscure, particularly the small intestine, until video capsule endoscopy (VCE) emerged in the past 20 years, uniquely able to view the entire length routinely. Additionally, drawing on contemporary topics including miniaturisation of electronics, wireless communications and efficient electrical power delivery, VCE provides a model for future devices. However, research in therapeutic capsule endoscopy (TCE) has been limited and poorly integrated with diagnostics. This chapter reviews relevant progress, highlighting ultrasound (US) as particularly promising for GI TCE. A description of the GI tract at different length scales is given, including the common, multi-layered structure maintained from mouth to anus and its variation down to cellular and sub-cellular level. Recent developments in multimodal capsule endoscopy are described, including US for imaging within tissue, and targeted drug delivery (TDD) is highlighted for TCE, particularly with US-mediation, because of the potential perforation associated with simpler ablation techniques. This is exemplified by a proof-of-concept theranostic device with the potential to treat conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Finally, with significant development ahead, relevant areas are highlighted, including further capsule development and nanotechnology.
βIII spectrin is required for orthogonal wiring between Purkinje cell dendrites and granule cell axons in the murine cerebellar circuit

The wiring pattern of the neural circuit determines its function and properties. However, the mechanisms underlying the influence of the geometrical patterns of axonal and dendritic arbors on each other remain elusive. The cerebellar circuit displays an orthogonal topology in which Purkinje cell dendrites lie in a single parasagittal plane and form perpendicular contacts with the afferent granule cell axons running along the mediolateral axis. We utilize electrospun nanofibers to align granule cell axons and reproduce perpendicular contacts between Purkinje cell dendrites and granule cell axons in flat culture dishes. We show that the dendritic protein βIII spectrin, a causal gene for spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5), is required for the dendritic arborization geometry guided by afferent axonal bundles. βIII spectrin deficiency interferes with the biased growth of dendrites perpendicular to axonal arrays on aligned nanofibers. βIII spectrin deficiency causes the mislocalization of actin and excessive microtubule invasion in dendritic protrusions, resulting in ectopic branch formation in abnormal orientations. We also show that diseaseassociated mutations affect the ability of βIII spectrin to control dendrite orientation. We provide evidence that βIII spectrin organizes dendritic cytoskeletal structures required to steer the oriented growth of dendrites within neural circuits.
Who Deserves to Eat Well? An Analysis of Equality and Efficiency in U.S. Food Assistance Policy

ABSTRACT Many U.S. residents employed full-time experience food insecurity without access to safety nets. U.S. food assistance policies define equality and efficiency based on neo-liberal free market assumptions of benefit maximization. However, assistance based on these assumptions segregates the deserving populace by socioeconomic status, creates dietary disparities, and imposes an unfair burden on low-income populations to maximize nutritional cost-benefit. Private and public sector solutions that (1) recognize food security as a form of social inclusion and (2) operationalize food as a universal right are recommended, while recognizing their limitations, to redefine equality and efficiency in U.S. food assistance.
Analyzing problems and optimization of supply chain in different industries using SAW and TOPSIS methods

Due to high level competition in market, effective supply chain management has become a potentially important tool for gaining and effective competitive advantage and refining organizational performance, because the competition is not only amongst companies but also between supply chains. Supply chain plays a significant role in company’s performance. Companies are challenged to explore ways to meet the customer demands and satisfaction at a manageable cost. To achieve this, business must find which parts of supply chain process are competitive and can be optimized with budget constraints meeting customer demands. In any unit it is mandatory to produce a high quality product with minimal budget successfully. Selection of a suitable supplier is equally important due to budget constraints. There are various methods for making the optimize result. In this research paper collecting the data from different industries and optimize the result by selecting TOPSIS and SAW methods for the solution of this problem. In this technique the decision is made by comparing each alternative with the ideal solution, hence delivering the best results.
Statistical MT Training for the translation of English-Arabic UN Resolutions

Machine Translation (MT) systems deliver translations instantly; however, users can easily identify MT output given that it may contain inaccurate word combinations, literal incorrect and ambiguous translations. For mitigating the inaccuracies associated with MT, the dissertation explores the feasibility of training a Customised Machine Translation (CMT) system in the context of Languages for Specific Purposes (LSP) for the legal domain. KantanMT a cloud-based CMT platform was deployed to translate English-Arabic UN Resolutions. UN Resolutions, a type of LSP, have specific characteristics including standardized style, fixed expressions and specialized terminology. The study adopts empirical and qualitative approaches to analyze and evaluate the translation produced by CMT in terms of the overall translation quality and recurring linguistic errors. The analysis of the study concludes that LSP is highly feasible with CMT systems as shown by the highly accurate automatic and manual evaluations. Furthermore, the linguistic analysis of LSP can be reused as a reference for training CMT, particularly in the context of Statistical Machine Translation (SMT), as well as performing manual evaluation and adopting pre-editing and post-editing strategies.
Text classification with deep neural networks

The thesis explores different extensions of Deep Neural Networks in learning underlying natural language representations and how to apply them in Natural Language Processing tasks. Novel methods of learning lower or higher level features of natural languages are given in which word and phrase dense representations are derived from unlabelled corpora. Word representations are learned by training Deep Neural Networks to predict context from each sentence while phrase representations are learned by unsupervised learning with Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machine. It is shown that word representations learned from architectures which preserve text input as sequences have better word similarity and relatedness than bag-of-word approaches. Additionally phrase representations learned with Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machine when combined with bag-of-word features improve results of text classification tasks over only bag-of-word features. Beside learning word and phrase representations, to the best of my knowledge, the work in the thesis is first to explore Deep Neural Networks in Adverse Drug Reaction detection task where my architectures when used with pre-trained word representations significantly outperform the state-of-the-art models. In addition, outputs from my proposed attentional architecture can be used to highlight important word spans without explicit training labels. In the future I propose the learned representations to be used with the discussed Deep Neural Networks in different NLP tasks such as Dialog Systems, Machine Translation or Natural Language Inference.
Development and Validation of the Beverages and Snacks Questionnaire for Malaysian Schoolchildren (BSQ-C)

The intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and snacks have changed and has associated with weight gain in children. However, it is challenging to measure the consumption of SSBs and snacks due to the limitation of existing tools. Aimed for this study was to develop and validate the beverages and snacks questionnaire for schoolchildren (BSQ-C). In testing for internal consistency, the value of Cronbach’s alpha indicated that more than 0.70 is considered an acceptable internal consistency. In conclusion, the BSQ-C developed is valid and reliable to measure the pattern and behaviour of SSBs and snacks intake among schoolchildren.Keywords: Beverages and snacks questionnaire (BSQ-C); Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs); Snacks; ReliabilityeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. It is published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12. 1909
The Economics of Mass Shootings

We perform an empirical investigation of the socioeconomic determinants and consequences of all mass shootings in the U.S. from 2000 to 2015. We first manually search for and collect information on perpetrators. We find that approximately 40% (45%) of shooters were in financial distress (unemployed or out of the labor force) at the moment of the shooting, suggesting that economic distress may trigger rise in shooting. We then investigate the economic consequences of mass shootings. In order to obtain the causal effects of shootings, we exploit the inherent randomness in the success or failure of mass shootings. We find that, on average, successful mass shooting have economically significant negative effects on targeted counties' employment and earnings. As well, successful mass shootings decrease housing prices and consumer confidence and increase absenteeism. Last, we employ an instrumental variable strategy and show that national media coverage of mass shootings exacerbate their local economic consequences.
Cardiovascular Disease in Dialysis Patients

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in the dialysis population, affect - ing up to 60% of cohorts. Cardiovascular mortality rates are reported to be ~14 per 100 patient-years, which are 10- to 20-fold greater than those of age- and gender-matched controls. CVD is the primary cause of death in up to 40% of dialysis patients in Australia, New Zealand and the United States. Dialysis patients endure a greater burden of both traditional risk factors for CVD and risk factors related to loss of kidney function that may account for the higher CVD morbidity and mortality. Many cardiology guidelines include chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) as coronary heart disease (CHD) risk equivalents. It is therefore important for clinicians to both rec- ognise and optimise the cardiovascular health of patients receiving maintenance dialysis. This chapter will focus on risk factor modification, screening and prevention of CVD in dialysis patients.
Application of Encryption System Realized by Voiceprint Information on Remote Education Platform

In the remote education system, teachers and students need to transfer data such as text, voice message, pictures and videos via internet. Thus, information security is very important in such systems, and only by using encryption technology to protect information can intellectual property and personal privacy information protected.This paper proposes a system authentication process using voiceprint information, and encrypts and decrypts files based on the RSA algorithm Methods. The experiment proves that the system can protect the user's private information effectively, thereby improving the system security.
Teaching Strategies to Prepare Prelicensure Nursing Students to Teach-back

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.
Simplifying the Determination of Aggregate Stability Indicators of Mollisols

ABSTRACT Aggregate stability (AS) is a very sensitive soil physical health indicator. The complexity of its determination discourages frequent monitoring. We hypothesized that a reduction of steps to determine AS would yield good AS indicators. We evaluated 196 samples from a range of Mollisols from sandy- to clay-loam surface texture from the southeastern Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Six AS indicators were evaluated: aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) after capillary wetting (CW) (MWDCW), MWD after sudden immersion in water (VW) (MWDVW), change of MWD (ΔMWD), remnant mass of macroaggregates (MAm) after CW (MAmCW), MAm after VW (MAmVW), and change of MAm between VW and CW (ΔMAmVW-CW). Determining ΔMWD requires six sievings, MWD requires three, ΔMAmVW-CW requires two, and MAm requires only one. Indicators after CW (MWDCW and MAmCW) were not good AS indicators. Likewise, those determined as a difference between CW and VW (ΔMWD and ΔMAmVW-CW) failed to distinguish contrasting AS situations making them unfeasible as universal AS indicators. However, MAmVW explained 99% of MWDVW variability and adequately distinguished among AS situations. With only one sieving, a good indicator of AS could be obtained, and this would encourage the adoption by soil testing laboratories and frequent soil physical health monitoring by farmers.
Investigating the Presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Doogh

Background and purpose: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most common environmental pollutants that are proven to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. Doogh, is a widely consumed fermented yoghurt drink in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and concentration of PAHs in different brands of Doogh in Tehran, Iran. Materials and methods: In this study, we synthesized multi-walled magnetic carbon nanotubes using iron oxide. Then synthesized magnetic nanotubes were used for absorption and extraction of PAHs from Doogh matrix. After sample preparation, concentrations of all PAHs were measured by GC-MS. Materials and methods: In this study, we synthesized multi-walled magnetic carbon nanotubes using iron oxide. Then synthesized magnetic nanotubes were used for absorption and extraction of PAHs from 24 samples of Doogh matrix (3 high-consumption brands randomly selected in all four seasons and two dates) and one sample as a control. After sample preparation, concentrations of all 16 PAHs were measured by GC-MS. Conclusion: In this study, the concentrations of PAHs in different brands of Doogh were lower than standard levels, so it would create no harmful effect to the consumers.
SYNTHESIS OF MAGNETIC COMPOSITE OF IRON COMPOUNDS/CARBON NANOTUBES IN CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION

The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of magnetic carbon nanotubes (mCNT) using carbon dioxide/carbon catalyst has been successfully carried out in various pressures. The temperatures were set at 800° C for 10 minutes reaction time. Nitrogen (N2) gas in 20 Torr was flown in followed by ethanol vapor until the final pressure reached 80 and 100 Torr without added air, and 180 Torr with added air. The formation of mCNT was confirmed by shifted X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak of graphite from 26.53° to 25.53° which were highly considered to the other carbon allotropes with sp2 hybridized carbon atom hybridization structures. The higher pressure with added atmospheric air led to the excessive oxidation which influenced the growth of mCNT. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis observed mCNT filled by catalyst particles which suggested as magnetic phase induced the magnetic property of mCNT. The best electrical conductivity performance (lower electrical resistance) was owned by mCNT produced in the lower pressure condition with no air added.
Managing GDP Tail Risk

We propose a novel framework to analyze how policy-makers can manage risks to the median projection and risks specific to the tail of gross domestic product (GDP) growth. By combining a quantile regression of GDP growth with a vector autoregression, we show that monetary and macroprudential policy shocks can reduce credit growth and thus GDP tail risk. So policymakers concerned about GDP tail risk would choose a tighter policy stance at the expense of macroeconomic stability. Using Canadian data, we show how our framework can add tail event information to projection models that ignore them and give policy-makers a tool to communicate the trade-offs they face.
How Is Patient Safety Understood by Healthcare Professionals? The Case of Bhutan

Objective The aim of the study was to explore how the term patient safety is understood by healthcare professionals (nurses, educators, doctors, ward managers, senior managers, and health assistants), all of whom are responsible for promoting the patient safety agenda in the Bhutanese healthcare system. Methods The study was conducted as a naturalistic inquiry using qualitative exploratory descriptive inquiry. A purposeful sample of 94 healthcare professionals and managers was recruited from three different hospitals, a training institute, and the Ministry of Health. Data were collected via in-depth individual interviews. All data were subsequently analyzed using thematic analysis strategies. Results Data analysis revealed variation in the understanding of patient safety among healthcare professionals. Although most participants understood patient safety as fundamentally concerning “doing no harm” or “reducing the risk of harm or injuries” to patients, some understood patient safety as simply having sturdy infrastructure/buildings with sufficient space to manage public health emergencies such as earthquakes, floods, and epidemics. Some confused patient safety with quality of care and patient rights. Conclusions Inadequate understanding of the term patient safety has potential to hinder improvement of patient safety processes and practices in the Bhutanese healthcare system. To improve patient safety in Bhutan’s healthcare system, patient safety training and education need to be provided to all categories of healthcare professionals.
Biomarker discovery in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using proteinchip profiling

After the accomplishment of the Human Genome Project, there has been intense interest in applying differential proteomic analysis to discover biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in Hong Kong and certain regions of China, yet not many oncoproteomic studies have been conducted for this malignancy. Previous studies have used surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify serum amyloid A, inter-α -trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 precursor, and platelet factor 4 precursor as potential cancer biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The biomarkers discovered in these mass spectrometry-based proteomic studies have expanded the current understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which may provide the basis for the identification of potential targets for novel therapeutic agents. The results of these studies are reviewed in this report. The advantages and disadvantages of proteinchip profiling technology are also evaluated. This paper concludes by expounding the current challenges and future perspectives of using proteinchip profiling for the discovery of cancer biomarkers.