Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Among College Students: Do Those Who Need Services Know About and Use Them?

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine connections between university students' mental health and their knowledge and use of campus mental health services. Participants and Methods: In March 2001, a sample of undergraduate students (N = 266) completed a Web-based questionnaire, providing information related to their mental health, knowledge of mental health services, and use of those services. Results: Students who were mentally distressed were more likely to know about and use services; however, some students who reported to be mentally distressed either did not know about services or knew about services but did not use them. Living off campus, identifying as male, and having fewer years in college were related to less knowledge of campus mental health services. In addition, female sex and number of years in college were predictive of higher service use. Conclusions: With the high prevalence rates and severity of mental health problems, university mental health providers must continue to make strategic efforts to disseminate knowledge about mental health services to all students.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the endangered Lycaenid butterfly Shijimiaeoides divina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Abstract The lycaenid butterfly, Shijimiaeoides divina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), has been listed in Korea as a class II endangered wild species since 2012. Therefore, the mitogenome sequence is necessary to better understand genomic characteristics of the species. The 15 259-bp complete mitochondrial genome of the species consists of a typical set of genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes, and 1 major non-coding AT-rich region, with an arrangement typical of Ditrysia (trnM-trnI-trnQ between the AT-rich region and ND2). The 379-bp A + T-rich region has a trnK-like sequence. Phylogenetic analysis using 13 protein-coding genes of the families Lycaenidae and Riodinidae with outgroups from species in Nymphalidae indicates that each family is a strong monophyletic group and that S. divina, belonging to Polyommatinae, is correctly placed as a sister to the within-subfamilial species Cupido argiades with the highest support.
Targeting DNA Repair in Cancer: Beyond PARP Inhibitors.

Germline aberrations in critical DNA-repair and DNA damage-response (DDR) genes cause cancer predisposition, whereas various tumors harbor somatic mutations causing defective DDR/DNA repair. The concept of synthetic lethality can be exploited in such malignancies, as exemplified by approval of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for treating BRCA1/2-mutated ovarian cancers. Herein, we detail how cellular DDR processes engage various proteins that sense DNA damage, initiate signaling pathways to promote cell-cycle checkpoint activation, trigger apoptosis, and coordinate DNA repair. We focus on novel therapeutic strategies targeting promising DDR targets and discuss challenges of patient selection and the development of rational drug combinations. SIGNIFICANCE Various inhibitors of DDR components are in preclinical and clinical development. A thorough understanding of DDR pathway complexities must now be combined with strategies and lessons learned from the successful registration of PARP inhibitors in order to fully exploit the potential of DDR inhibitors and to ensure their long-term clinical success. Cancer Discov; 7(1); 20-37. ©2016 AACR.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes tumor growth in the context of lung injury and repair.

RATIONALE Tissue injury and repair involve highly conserved processes governed by mechanisms that can be co-opted in tumors. We hypothesized that soluble factors released during the repair response to lung injury would promote orthotopic tumor growth. OBJECTIVES To determine whether lung injury promoted growth of orthotopic lung tumors and to study the molecular mechanisms. METHODS We initiated lung injury in C57Bl6 mice using different stimuli, then injected Lewis lung carcinoma cells during the repair phase. We assessed tumor growth 14 days later. We measured tumor angiogenesis, cytokine expression, proliferation, and apoptosis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Regardless of the mechanism, injured lungs contained more numerous and larger tumors than sham-injured lungs. Tumors from injured lungs were no more vascular, but had higher levels of proliferation and reduced rates of apoptosis. The cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was highly expressed in both models of tissue injury. We observed no increase in tumor growth after lung injury in MIF knockout mice. We induced lung-specific overexpression of MIF in a double-transgenic mouse, and observed that MIF overexpression by itself was sufficient to accelerate the growth of orthotopic Lewis lung carcinoma tumors. CONCLUSIONS Lung injury leads to increased expression of the cytokine MIF, which results in protection from apoptosis and increased proliferation in orthotopic tumors injected after the acute phase of injury.
The Sense of Embodiment in Virtual Reality

What does it feel like to own, to control, and to be inside a body? The multidimensional nature of this experience together with the continuous presence of one's biological body, render both theoretical and experimental approaches problematic. Nevertheless, exploitation of immersive virtual reality has allowed a reframing of this question to whether it is possible to experience the same sensations towards a virtual body inside an immersive virtual environment as toward the biological body, and if so, to what extent. The current paper addresses these issues by referring to the Sense of Embodiment (SoE). Due to the conceptual confusion around this sense, we provide a working definition which states that SoE consists of three subcomponents: the sense of self-location, the sense of agency, and the sense of body ownership. Under this proposed structure, measures and experimental manipulations reported in the literature are reviewed and related challenges are outlined. Finally, future experimental studies are proposed to overcome those challenges, toward deepening the concept of SoE and enhancing it in virtual applications.
Visual search without attentional displacement.

The time needed to search for an object in a complex environment increases with the number of distracting stimuli, a phenomenon known as the "set-size effect. " This observation has led to the view that, during visual search, several attentional shifts are performed, suggesting that visual information is processed serially. In an attempt to find direct evidence for such attentional shifts, we implemented several dual tasks combining a covert visual search (CVS) task or a cued target detection task with a character reporting task which allowed us to determine, a posteriori, the attentional allocation. We found that, in the cueing task, subjects preferentially reported characters displayed at different locations, demonstrating that the attention spotlight actually shifted in this condition. In contrast, in both feature and conjunction CVS, subjects predominantly reported several characters flashed at the same location, whatever the delay between their presentations, indicating that, despite a clear "set-size effect," attention remained static. These results demonstrate that CVS can be performed without shifting attention and that the "set-size effect" does not necessarily attest that visual information is processed serially. The present study therefore supports the hypothesis that parallel mechanisms are involved in visual information processing during visual search, in agreement with previous theoretical studies.
The Mechanics of Aerosols

a time as one year after leaving the Rehabilitation Unit, and about one quarter were not in competitive jobs but were in sheltered employment. Only just over one quarter were still working in ordinary jobs. Their average wage was £8 I is. 6d. Furthermore if one compares the type of work these patients were able to perform there was a definite decline from their premorbid position. The social class grouping before and after rehabilitation was Class II, i-i, Class III, 9-3, Class IV, 4-6, and Class V, IO-I4. Indeed the authors report that 'even the least handicapped of these patients presented continuous problems . ' and it is noted that such a programme requires special personnel and a great deal of work. Comparing these results with the extra cost in personnel, time, and effort (which could be directed elsewhere) a Doctor Beeching of the psychiatric services would probably scrap such a rehabilitation service before it even started. But is this the right way of looking at it? The authors point out that such a programme, if applied throughout the country, would affect about 6,ooo patients. If the failure rate were the same as in this experiment, about I,500 would be rescued from a disabled life in a mental hospital and once more returned to an at least partially useful and, one assumes, more satisfying life. Obviously more is involved here than mere economics. We were interested to read that as regards behaviour at the Rehabilitation Centre and during the follow-up year 'There were no outstanding differences' between the schizophrenic and the non-schizophrenic rehabilitees. It appears that the group of schizophrenics had difficulties in social adjustment which were even greater than those of work adjustment. '. the men concerned had greater difficulty in living outside hospital, than in working outside hospital. If, however, adequate arrangements are made to cater for these various needs, there seems to be every reason to expect that a small selected group of long stay schizophrenic patients can be successfully resettled in work. ' The experiment and the report show the high standards we have come so confidently to expect from Dr. Wing and his colleagues, and the publication will be read with interest, not only by psychiatrists, but by all those concemed with rehabilitation problems of chronically disabled patients. J. HOENIG
Arthroscopic Biceps Tenodesis: Soft Tissue versus Bone Fixation

The purpose of our study was to compare the clinical results between arthroscopic bone fixation on intertubercular groove using suture anchor and soft tissue fixation at the rotaor interval for biceps tenodesis when partial tear or instability of biceps tendon accompanied with rotator cuff tear. From January 2010 to January 2012, 34 cases who were performed biceps tenodesis for partial tear or instability were enrolled in our study. Mean follow-up period was 30.2 months. Bone fixation using suture anchor was performed in 18 cases, and soft tissue fixation was performed in 16 cases. Clinical result was evaluated by pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Speed test, Yergason test, muscle strength, and Constant score. Pain VAS of cases with soft tissue fixation was significantly higher than that of cases with bone fixation at 6 months and final follow-up. Positive results for the final follow-up Speed and Yergason test were checked in 4 cases (25%) with soft tissue fixation and 1 (5.6%) with bone fixation. The Popeye deformity was seen in 4 cases (25%) with soft tissue fixation and 2 (11%) with bone fixation. Constant score was improved 47 to 78 in cases with soft tissue fixation and 48 to 86 in cases with bone fixation. In patient with partial tear or instability of biceps tendon accompanied with rotator cuff tear, biceps tenodesis using soft tissue fixation showed worse result compared with bone fixation because of long duration of the pain. Therefore, when performing the biceps tenodesis, bone fixation will be recommended.
Worsening Renal Function in Patients With Acute Heart Failure Undergoing Aggressive Diuresis Is Not Associated With Tubular Injury

Background: Worsening renal function (WRF) in the setting of aggressive diuresis for acute heart failure treatment may reflect renal tubular injury or simply indicate a hemodynamic or functional change in glomerular filtration. Well-validated tubular injury biomarkers, N-acetyl-&bgr;-D-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and kidney injury molecule 1, are now available that can quantify the degree of renal tubular injury. The ROSE-AHF trial (Renal Optimization Strategies Evaluation–Acute Heart Failure) provides an experimental platform for the study of mechanisms of WRF during aggressive diuresis for acute heart failure because the ROSE-AHF protocol dictated high-dose loop diuretic therapy in all patients. We sought to determine whether tubular injury biomarkers are associated with WRF in the setting of aggressive diuresis and its association with prognosis. Methods: Patients in the multicenter ROSE-AHF trial with baseline and 72-hour urine tubular injury biomarkers were analyzed (n=283). WRF was defined as a ≥20% decrease in glomerular filtration rate estimated with cystatin C. Results: Consistent with protocol-driven aggressive dosing of loop diuretics, participants received a median 560 mg IV furosemide equivalents (interquartile range, 300–815 mg), which induced a urine output of 8425 mL (interquartile range, 6341–10 528 mL) over the 72-hour intervention period. Levels of N-acetyl-&bgr;-D-glucosaminidase and kidney injury molecule 1 did not change with aggressive diuresis (both P>0.59), whereas levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin decreased slightly (−8.7 ng/mg; interquartile range, −169 to 35 ng/mg; P<0.001). WRF occurred in 21.2% of the population and was not associated with an increase in any marker of renal tubular injury: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (P=0.21), N-acetyl-&bgr;-D-glucosaminidase (P=0.46), or kidney injury molecule 1 (P=0.22). Increases in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, N-acetyl-&bgr;-D-glucosaminidase, and kidney injury molecule 1 were paradoxically associated with improved survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.80 per 10 percentile increase; 95% confidence interval, 0.69–0.91; P=0.001). Conclusions: Kidney tubular injury does not appear to have an association with WRF in the context of aggressive diuresis of patients with acute heart failure. These findings reinforce the notion that the small to moderate deteriorations in renal function commonly encountered with aggressive diuresis are dissimilar from traditional causes of acute kidney injury.
Long-Term Treatment with Fumaric Acid Esters in an 11-Year-Old Male Child with Psoriasis

Moderate to severe psoriasis is common in childhood and adolescence and is often a challenge for the treating dermatologist. In most cases, systemic therapies in children are only available ‘off-label’. Fumaric acid esters (FAEs) have been used successfully in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis in adults and are recommended for long-term treatment in the German S3 guideline. In childhood psoriasis, FAEs may be a treatment alternative if a systemic therapy is indicated. Here, we report about the successful long-term treatment with FAEs in a male child with severe psoriasis.
MiR-940 Inhibited Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Growth by Targeting MyD88

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an almost universally lethal disease. Deregulation or dysfunction of miRNAs contribute to cancer development. The role of miR-940 in PDAC remains unclear. Methods: The level of miR-940 in PDAC tissues and cell lines was measured by qRT-PCR. MiR-940 was over-expressed by miRNAs mimics transfection and reduced by miRNAs antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) transfection. Cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay and cell apoptosis was evaluated by FACS analysis. Targeted genes were predicted by a bioinformatics algorithm and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. Myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88) (MyD88) protein level was assayed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Results: Low miR-940 level and high MyD88 protein level in PDAC tissues were both correlated with low survival rate. Up-regulation of miR-940 inhibited PDAC cell lines growth while down-regulation induced cell growth. The 3' UTR of MyD88 was targeted by miR-940. Conclusions: Low level of miR-940 and high level of MyD88 in PDAC promoted PDAC cells growth which might be related to the low survival rate of PDAC patients. MiR-940 exerted its effect by targeting MyD88.
Plasmid linearization changes shape and efficiency of transfection complexes

Abstract The ability to efficiently transfect plasmid DNA (pDNA) into eukaryotic cells has exerted major impact on scientific research in recent years, and translation to clinical application is ongoing, but challenging. In addition to the choice of the delivery vector, the topology of the DNA seems to be a key factor for efficient transfection. The nanostructured DNA/Vector complexes may differ in size, charge, and shape, for example. This study therefore investigated the transfection efficiency of circular versus linearized plasmid DNA using a GFP expressing vector with Lipofectamine2000 and linear 25 kDA polyethylenimine (PEI). Transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity were measured by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Shape was determined by transmission electron microscopy. Transfection agent concentrations were chosen below the toxicity level. We determined the optimal N/P ratio over 48 h by using two different concentrations of plasmid DNA. With the increase of DNA concentration and increasing N/P ratio, transfection efficiency also increased. Our results showed a better transfection efficiency with the circular compared to the linearized DNA, under the same experimental conditions for both Lipofectamine and PEI. In electron microscopy, there was a notable difference in the shape of the complexes: circular DNA had random coil appearance in well compacted, roughly spherical shape, while linearized DNA appeared as worm-like strands, both, when complexed with Lipofectamine or with polyethyleneimine. This generates the hypothesis that the shape of the transfection particle may be an important factor for successful gene transfer.
Linguistic Validation of the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire in an Arabic-Speaking Population with Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Objective: To develop an Arabic version of the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) to be known as ArabiCRQ. Materials and Methods: We conducted a linguistic validation of the CRQ in the Arabic language. The validation process involved 4 phases, including forward and backward translations, pilot testing, and revision to produce a final version of the ArabiCRQ. Five native Arabic-speaking patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease completed the ArabiCRQ both in initial and follow-up visits. Wording was modified according to feedback the participants provided. Results: Two of the patients’ scores changed appreciably, despite ensuring their clinical stability. Conclusion: The ArabiCRQ may be a valuable tool to assess the health-related quality of life in patients with chronic respiratory diseases.
Potential of stem cells for skin regeneration following burns

Burn injury has been reported to be an important cause of morbidity and mortal-ity in many countries. It leads to a loss of integrity of the skin, which protects us from water loss, temperature change, radiation, trauma and infection. The burn wound is defined in terms of the evolving injury that occurs. In adults, the normal repair of massive full-thickness burns is fibrosis and scarring without any appendages, including hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands. Autologous skin grafting followed by appli-cation of an elastic bandage has been con-sidered to be a better treatment for excised burn wounds. However, donor sites for autografts are limited in those patients with very large burns. Recently, great progress has been achieved in the research of arti-ficial skin substitutes, however, creating a viable skin substitute by assembling indi-vidual components
Reprogrammable network packet processing on the field programmable port extender (FPX)

A prototype platform has been developed that allows processing of packets at the edge of a multi-gigabit-per-second network switch. This system, the Field Programmable Port Extender (FPX), enables packet processing functions to be implemented as modular components in reprogrammable hardware. All logic on the on the FPX is implemented in two Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Packet processing functions in the system are implemented as dynamically-loadable modules. Core functionality of the FPX is implemented on an FPGA called the Networking Interface Device (NID). The NID contains the logic to transmit and receive packets over a network, dynamically reprogram hardware modules, and route individual traffic flows. A full, non-blocking, switch is implemented on the NID to route packets between the networking interfaces and the modular components. Modular components of the FPX are implemented on a second FPGA called the Reprogrammable Application Device (RAD). Modules are loaded onto the RAD via reconfiguration and/or partial partial reconfiguration of the FPGA. Through the combination of the NID and the RAD, the FPX can individually reconfigure the packet processing functionality for one set of traffic flows, while the rest of the system continues to operate. The platform simplifies the development and deployment of new hardware-accelerated packet processing circuits. The modular nature of the system allows an active router to migrate functionality from softare plugins to hardware modules.
Residency Review Committee (RRC) Foot and Ankle Curriculum: We Don't Need To Reinvent The Wheel

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and Residency Review Committee (RRC) have mandated that residency programs follow specific guidelines with respect to resident curriculum.3 In the past few years, six core competencies have been introduced and are now a requirement (Table 1). Designing a curriculum where all of the competencies are addressed can be a difficult task. In many cases residency programs interpret the guidelines to the best of their ability without any real guidance or assurance that the requirements will be met; implementation, documentation, and accountability have been largely up to the individual program. Resources do exist to assist in the implementation of these core competencies; for example, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society has an example of a residency curriculum listed on their web site. This, however, provides few specifics about coordinating a residency program. We recently had a site visit, and our Foot and Ankle (F&A) curriculum was approved. We are presenting our own curriculum as a template for assembling a curriculum that would meet the standards of the ACGME/RRC (Table 2 Online Supplement). We do not claim this as the best practice, or the only way to accomplish