Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Nursing Workload and Efficiency of Staff Allocation in a Trauma Intensive Care Unit

Background: Heavy workload is one of the main problems of nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs). It not only decreases the quality and safety of patient care, but also increases human errors in health care, rate of hospitalization, and risk of mortality in patients. Workload evaluation and surveillance of patients enable authorities to allocate adequate staff to ICUs, leading to improved quality of patient care and treatment. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate nurses’ workload and efficiency of nursing staff allocation in a trauma ICU of Shahid Rajaee hospital, affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this cross sectional study, we evaluated nurses’ workload in a trauma ICU. The evaluation was based on the nursing activities score (NAS) system and was performed in the morning, evening, and night shifts for 1 month. In this period, all nursing care activities provided for 36 patients in this unit were monitored and recorded. Additionally, the number of nurses required per shift was estimated, based on the required and available time for care. Efficiency of nursing staff allocation was evaluated accordingly. Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.17 ± 22.30 years, and the length of ICU stay was 9.79 days on average. Based on the findings, the mean NAS score was 65.3 ± 23.19%. Moreover, the number of nurses in the morning and evening shifts was less than the required number, except for days 3 and 7. On the other hand, the number of nurses in the night shifts was proportional to the required number. Conclusions: The results indicated a heavy nursing workload in the ICU. Our findings also suggest that the quality of patient care can be improved by balanced distribution of workforce relative to workload in different shifts.
Three new species of Hadreule Thomson (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Southern Hemisphere with an identification key to world species

Hadreule Thomson, 1859 is a small genus of ciid beetles, comprising three Holarctic and one Australasian species. Here, three additional species from the Southern Hemisphere are described: H. mineira sp. nov. from Southeast and Northeast Brazil, characterised by the eight‐segmented antennae and male with large abdominal sex patch; H. vivianae sp. nov. from Southeast Brazil, characterised by the elytra darker than pronotum and male with small abdominal sex patch; and H. pacifica sp. nov. from Polynesian and Micronesian islands, characterised by the third antennomere being twice as long as the fourth and the possession of a two‐segmented antennal club. A brief description and images of the presumed larva of H. pacifica sp. nov. are also provided, together with images of the presumed larva of H. mineira sp. nov. and an identification key for adults of the world species of Hadreule.
Outcome of Vaginoplasty in Male-to-Female Transgenders: A Systematic Review of Surgical Techniques

Rosemary Basson, MD, FRCP(UK),* Allan Young, MD, PhD, FRCPsyche, FRCP(C),† Lori A. Brotto, PhD,‡ Miriam Driscoll, MD, FRCP(C),* Shauna Correia, MD, FRCP(C)*, and Fernand Labrie, MD, PhD§ *Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; †Psychological Medicine, King’s College, London, UK; ‡Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; §Laval University Hospital, Research Center in Molecular Endocrinology, Oncology, and Human Genomics, Laval University, Laval, QC, Canada
A new target capture phylogeny elucidates the systematics and evolution of wing coupling in sack‐bearer moths

The frenulum is a wing coupling structure that is found on the wings of most families of Lepidoptera. It is a single bristle or set of bristles that originate from the base of the hindwing that often interlocks with the forewing during flight. This wing coupling mechanism is thought to have been a major evolutionary innovation that allowed for enhanced flight in Lepidoptera. The sack‐bearer moths (Mimallonidae) are unusual among Lepidoptera in that not all species within the family have a frenulum. We test the hypothesis that the frenulum is not necessary and is therefore lost in mimallonids that have longer male forewings, because such wings are perhaps better suited to be coupled by other means. To understand the evolution of the frenulum, we inferred the most taxonomically and genetically sampled anchored hybrid enrichment‐based phylogeny of Mimallonidae, including 604 loci from all 41 genera and from 120 species, covering about 40% of the described species in the family. The maximum likelihood tree robustly supports major relationships within the family, and ancestral state reconstruction clearly recovers the frenulum as the plesiomorphic condition in Mimallonidae. Our results show that the frenulum is more often observed in species that have shorter, rather than longer, male forewings. The frenulum has historically been used as an important character for intrafamilial classification in Mimallonidae, but our results conclusively show that this character system is more variable than previously thought. Based on our results, we erect two new subfamilies, Roelofinae St Laurent & Kawahara, subfam.n. and Meneviinae St Laurent, Herbin, & Kawahara, subfam.n. , for four genera previously considered incertae sedis. In the predominantly frenulum‐lacking clade Cicinninae, we describe a new genus, Cerradocinnus St Laurent, Mielke, & Kawahara, gen.n. , and the genus Gonogramma stat. rev. is revalidated to include many species previously placed in Cicinnus sensu lato. With these changes, Cicinnus can now be considered monophyletic. Thirty‐three species are transferred to Gonogramma from Cicinnus sensu lato.
Aloe vera and garlic ameliorate thermoxidized palm oil-induced haemostatic derangement in albino Wistar rats

This study examined the effects of Aloe vera and garlic on haemostatic status of rats fed thermoxidized palm oil diet (TPO). 35 male Wistar rats (140-170 grams) used in this study were randomly assigned five groups (n=7): Control, TPO, TPO + garlic juice (TPO+G), TPO + Aloe gel (TPO+A) and TPO + garlic/Aloe gel (TPO+G+A). TPO diet was prepared by mixing 85 g of rat chow with 15 g of thermoxidized oil. The juice and gel were orally administered at doses of 2 ml/kg and 6 ml/kg respectively. After three months, the rats were sacrificed and blood collected through cardiac puncture for analysis. Plasma fibrinogen was significantly (P<0.001) reduced in TPO group compared to Control, whereas, fibrinogen increased in all treated groups. Platelet count was significantly (P<0.001) decreased in TPO compared with control. Platelet count was significantly decreased (P<0.001) in TPO+G compared to TPO and control, but significantly (P<0.001) increased in TPO+A, and TPO+G+A compared to TPO. Prothrombin and clotting times were significantly increased (P<0.001) in TPO and TPO+G compared to control. Bleeding time was significantly increased (P<0.001) in TPO compared to control, but significantly reduced in TPO+A compared to TPO. Chronic consumption of TPO has deleterious haemostatic by reducing plasma fibrinogen, platelet count and causing an increase in prothrombin, clotting and bleeding times. However, these debilitating effects were seen to be markedly ameliorated following separate and combined administrations of Aloe vera gel and garlic juice. Additionally, Aloe vera gel seemed to have a more significant effect compared with garlic juice.
Research on Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithm Based on Mahout and User Model

Based on the research status of recommendation system, the traditional collaborative filtering algorithm is explored. By establishing the concept of training sample and Mahout framework, a collaborative filtering algorithm based on Mahout and extracted user model can be proposed. Using this algorithm in the system of recommendation aims to solve the problem of transforming the traditional recommendation problem into the classification problem in machine learning. In this way, it can provide personalized recommendations for users. The analysis of the experimental results of the collected some data sets suggests that the algorithm based on user model and machine learning is effective and optimal, at the same time, the efficiency of the algorithm under Mahout framework is also verified.
Dynamics of the Carbonate System in the Western Indonesian Seas During the Southeast Monsoon

We present a unique water column data set of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TAlk) from a cruise to the western Indonesian Seas during the southeast monsoon, covering the Karimata Strait, western Java Sea, and Sunda Strait. Salinity‐normalized TAlk (NTAlk) in the surface water ranged 2,297–2,348 μmol kg, very close to typical values observed in the tropical ocean. In the Karimata Strait, the Kapuas River plume was observed, featuring low salinity, DIC, and TAlk. In the western Java Sea, where waters were well mixed, we observed relatively homogeneous distributions of salinity, DIC, and TAlk. In the Sunda Strait, waters intruding from the Java Sea occupied the upper layer, and below was the Indian Ocean water with lower values of salinity, DIC, and TAlk. In its deep portion, depth profiles of normalized DIC and NTAlk were very similar to those observed in the Indian Ocean. Physical processes and air‐sea gas exchange exerted predominant controls on the carbonate system in the Karimata Strait and western Java Sea. While both processes play large roles in the Sunda Strait, a net DIC removal of 31 ± 23 μmol kg in the surface mixed layer were revealed. The drawdown of DIC is consistent with an overall supersaturation of dissolved oxygen (102–107%), suggesting significant organic carbon production. In the subsurface‐intermediate waters of the Sunda Strait mainly influenced by the advection of Indian Ocean water, a net DIC consumption of 54 ± 45 μmol kg was distinct, likely stimulated by the nutrients supplied from the Indian Ocean. Plain Language Summary Research on the carbonate system in the tropical regime of the Indonesian Seas is minimal, which hampers our understanding to its essential role in interbasin exchanges of material and energy via the Indonesian throughflow. Here we present a unique data set to examine the dynamics of the carbonate system in the western Indonesian Seas. Based on DIC and TAlk relationships, we show that water mass mixing in the western Indonesian Seas during the southeast monsoon is dominated by zonal wind‐mixed waters from the plume of the Kapuas River, the Java Sea and South China Sea mixed water, and the subsurface Indian Ocean water. These processes resulted in homogenous distributions of physical properties and carbonate system parameters. However, biologically mediated DIC consumption occurred in the surface mixed layer of the Sunda Strait, which led to an increase in dissolved oxygen saturation, the saturation state of aragonite (Ωarag), and pH. Overall, our region was a source of atmospheric CO2 as previously reported, although the controlling processes may vary with respect to time at both seasonal and interannual timescales.
EVALUATION OF PASSING SCORES IN SEMIOTICS: AN OBJECTIVE STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS OF MASHHAD UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, MASHHAD, IRAN, 2015

Background Numerous exams are held at different levels and in different fields of medical sciences to evaluate students’ practical knowledge. In pass-fail exams where several examiners score the students, it is important to determine “the minimum passing score” or “the passing score” to determine whether students have passed or failed; this score is sometimes called the “cut-off point” or “standard score. ” The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) method is employed for the final assessment of medical students in Semiotics I in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. The commonly used standard scoring method for this lesson is the fixed score method, which sometimes results in a discrepancy between educational management and the lecturers. Hence, the current study aims to compare 4 different methods—the Cohen, borderline-group, borderline regression, and Hofstee methods—of determining the passing score in the semiotics course and comparing the results with those of the fixed score method. Methods A 6-station OSCE was used to assess Semiotics I in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2015. In the current study, in order to determine a standard scale for scoring the students, two forms, Forms 1 and 2, and a checklist were completed for each student. In Form 1, a 5-option Likert scale scoring system, graded from poor to excellent, was used. Data from Form 1 were analyzed using the borderline regression and borderline-group methods. Form 2 included 4 items and the collected data were analyzed using the Hofstee method. Data collected from both forms were analyzed, after the exams, using SPSS version 16. Results The cut-off point established by the Cohen method was very close to that of the common method. In other words, there was no significant difference between the cut-off point determined by the Cohen method (11.73) and that of the common method (12). The other study methods, however, such as borderline regression and borderline-group methods proposed higher cut-off points, which were significantly different from that of the common method: more students failed Semiotics I using these methods. The Hofstee method cannot be used in the OSCE, as the results were insignificant. Conclusions Because there was a significant difference in the number of students who passed the exam based on the fixed score and Cohen methods, and on the borderline-group and borderline regression methods, it is recommended that the latter methods not be widely employed. In addition, it is suggested that different methods should be used to define a mean standard passing score because, according to the statistics, an accurate and efficient estimator with minimum variances accuracy should be employed to evaluate population parameters, and the mean estimator would benefit from such advantages.
A Modified Sleeping Beauty Transposon Vector System Integrates and Settles Genes in the Genome

Sleeping Beauty (SB) exhibits efficient cut-and-paste transposition in a wide range of mammalian cells. Using this characteristic, a new vector system (the SB system) was previously developed for integration of target genes into the host genome and is now used as a research tool and for gene therapy. However, there are concerns about the retransposition and the size restriction to be integrated into this system. To overcome these issues, we constructed a modified transposon vector system with lox sequences and estimated its transposable activity and Cre/lox recombination ability in HeLa cells. We also estimated the possibility of the retransposition by plasmids with defective inverted repeat/direct repeat structures presumed to be taken after Cre/lox recombination. We demonstrated that our modified transposon vector system could efficiently cause recombination mediated by the Cre/lox system following the transposition of the target genes into the genome and eliminate the possibility of retransposition of the genes. We believe our modified transposon vector system could be used not only as a research tool but also as a safer and more versatile gene integration system in the medical field. *Correspondence to: Kazuyoshi Kaminaka, Development Department, Research and Development Division, Kikuchi Research Center, KM Biologics Co., Ltd., 1314-1 Kyokushi Kawabe, Kikuchi-city, Kumamoto 869-1298, Japan, Tel: +81968-37-4064; Fax: +81-968-37-3108; E-mail: kaminaka@kmbiologics.com
Genetic characterization of buckwheat accessions through genome-wide allele-frequency fingerprints

Genetic characterization of buckwheat accessions through genome-wide allele frequency fingerprints Genomics-assisted breeding of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) depends on robust genotyping methods. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) has evolved as a flexible and cost-effective technique frequently used in plant breeding. Several GBS pipelines are available to genetically characterize single genotypes but these are not able to represent the genetic diversity of buckwheat accessions that are maintained as genetically heterogeneous, open-pollinating populations. Here we report the development of a GBS pipeline which, rather than reporting the state of bi-allelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), resolves allele frequencies within populations on a genome-wide scale. These genome-wide allele frequency fingerprints (GWAFFs) from 100 pooled individual plants per accession were found to be highly reproducible and revealed the genetic similarity of 20 different buckwheat accessions analysed in our study. The GWAFFs cannot only be used as an efficient tool to precisely describe buckwheat breeding material, they also offer new opportunities to investigate the genetic diversity between different buckwheat accessions and establish variant databases for key material. Furthermore, GWAFFs provide the opportunity to associate allele frequencies to phenotypic traits and quality parameters that are most reliably described on population level. This is the key to practically implement powerful genomics-assisted breeding concepts such as marker-assisted selection and genomic selection in future breeding schemes of allogamous buckwheat.
Les méthodes auxanographiques et leur application au dosage des antibiotiques

Ainsi que le montre la bibliographie des travaux publiés en 1947, le groupe de recherches du Collège de Pharmacie du Medical Center de l’Université de Californie, à San Francisco, a pu, grâce aux sub­ ventions des Cutter Laboratories de Berkeley, Californie, proposer de notables modifications de la détermination auxanographique de la concentration d’une solution en pénicilline ou en autres anti­ biotiques, et proposer une interprétation cytochimique des phéno­ mènes mis en œuvre. Ayant brièvement retracé l’historique des méthodes auxanographiques, et renvoyant à la Bibliographie chronologique, qui termi­ nera cette revue, pour la liste des publications se référant à l’auxanographie, nous étudierons les applications de cette méthode à la détermination du dosage, c’est-à-dire de la concentration de la péni­ cilline dans une solution par la méthode dite « cup-plate assay ». Nous définirons, dans une première partie, les conditions techniques qui permettent d’obtenir régulièrement la même réaction auxanographique au même dosage ; nous discuterons statistiquement l’influence de la profondeur des plaques de gélose sur la variabilité des diamètres des zones résultant de la diffusion de la pénicilline à par­ tir de cylindres contenant la même concentration, exprimée en unités par cm3, ou dosage. Dans une seconde partie, nous étudie­ rons la relation entre dosage et réaction mesurée (diamètre des zones).
A Local Contrast Method for Infrared Small-Target Detection Utilizing a Tri-Layer Window

Local contrast has been proved efficient for infrared (IR) small-target detection. However, current algorithms do not enhance true target purposefully before local contrast calculation and may easily be disturbed by noises. In this letter, a new detection framework named multiscale tri-layer local contrast measure (TLLCM) is proposed. First, a tri-layer filtering window is proposed, and it consists of a core layer, a reserve layer, and a surrounding layer. The idea of a matched filter is adopted, and a Gaussian filtering will be performed on the core layer to enhance true target purposefully according to the target shape. Then, the multiscale TLLCM of the central pixel of the window will be calculated between the enhanced core and the surrounding local background. Finally, the target can be extracted by an adaptive threshold. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve better detection performance than some existing algorithms.
Bacterial Flora Play Important Roles in Acute Dextran Sulphate Sodium-Induced Colitis But Are Not Involved in Gal-3 Dependent Modulation of Colon Inflammation

Abstract An altered immune response to normal gut microflora is important for the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Galectin- 3 (Gal-3) is an endogenous lectin that plays an important pro-inflammatory role in the induction phase of acute colitis by promoting activation of the NLRP3 infl ammasome and production of IL-1β in macrophages. By using dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) induced colitis, a well-established animal model of UC, we determined whether Gal-3 affects the function of colon infiltrating macrophages by interfering with intestinal microfl ora. Our results showed that genetic deletion of Gal-3 significantly attenuates DSS-induced colitis by down-regulating infiltration of phagocytic cells (neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells) in colon tissue of DSS-treated mice, and this correlated with differences in bacterial flora of the gut. Antibiotic treatment attenuates DSS-induced colitis in WT and Gal-3-/- mice without affecting differences between the groups. In conclusion, Gram negative bacterial flora play an important role in DSS-induced acute colitis of mice but are not involved in Gal-3 dependent modulation of colon inflammation.
Structural dynamics of isolated myosin motor domains encode differences in their mechanochemical cycles

Myosin motor domains perform an extraordinary diversity of biological functions despite sharing a common mechanochemical cycle, which couples ATP hydrolysis to mechanical work on an actin filament. Diversity is achieved in part by modulating the thermodynamics and kinetics of the states in this cycle. However, it remains unclear how sequence encodes these differences as biochemically diverse motors are often nearly indistinguishable in high resolution crystal structures. We hypothesized that comparing the conformational distributions of isolated motor domains would reveal signatures of their biochemical differences. Our reasoning was that sequence changes that modulate a motor’s preferences for different states of the mechanochemical cycle are also likely to have a systematic effect on the isolated motor’s structural preferences. To test this hypothesis, we performed two milliseconds of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with explicit solvent for twelve myosin motor domains (~700 residues each). Markov state models (MSMs) built from this data captured significant conformational heterogeneity not observed in existing crystal structures, particularly in the nucleotide-binding P-loop. As we hypothesized, the thermodynamics and kinetics of our models predict the experimental duty ratios and ADP release rates of unloaded motors. Importantly, our approach was successful even when a homology model was used as the starting point for simulations, suggesting our methods are applicable to any motor sequence. Therefore, we expect our methods to be of great utility for studying sequencefunction relationships in myosin motors, both in health and disease, and likely other proteins. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted December 17, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12. 16.878264 doi: bioRxiv preprint