Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tropical instability vortices in the Atlantic Ocean

[1] This paper examines the physical characteristics and dynamics of Atlantic tropical instability vortices based on observational data from 1997 to 2000 and a high-resolution numerical model simulation. Most prominent during boreal summer, the vortices are characterized by 400 km spatial scales, westward translation at 0–40 cm s � 1 , anticyclonic circumferential velocities of 30–110 cm s � 1 , and SSTanomalies that decrease from 2� Ci n midbasin to 0.5� C or less near the western boundary. In contrast, the sea level anomalies grow as the vortices progress westward, reaching maximum amplitudes of 14 cm near 40� W. The large circumferential velocities, leading to relative vorticities of � 4 � 10 � 6 s � 1 and Rossby numbers of 0.5, indicate that centrifugal effects may play an important role in the vortices’ vorticity balance. We address the vortices’ vertical structure and vorticity dynamics by examination of a high-resolution numerical model. There is a reasonably good agreement between the model and observations. Simulated vortices are confined mostly to the mixed layer, which increases westward in depth from 30 to 100 m near the western boundary. In the eastern basin, potential vorticity within the vortices is not conserved but decreases because of wind stress forcing. In contrast, in the western basin, decreases in potential vorticity are due mostly to the vortices’ acquisition of Southern Hemisphere water. We estimate an annualized cross-equatorial transport of up to 1.2 Sv associated with the vortices, which is eventually contributed to the North Brazil Current system. INDEX TERMS: 4231 Oceanography: General: Equatorial oceanography; 4520 Oceanography: Physical: Eddies and mesoscale processes; 4528 Oceanography: Physical: Fronts and jets; KEYWORDS: tropics, instability, Atlantic
Psychological Effects and Behavioral Impact of Smog on High School Youths

This study intends to investigate the psychological consequences and behavioral impact of smog on high school students, focusing on four major factors. First, how students evaluate or react emotionally to increased air pollution. Secondly, how the smog affects day-to-day behavior such as outdoor activities. Thirdly, how the smog affects social behavior such as interpersonal behaviors. Finally, how the smog affects study behavior and academic performance. Data were collected in a survey conducted on senior high school students in a heavy polluted region in North China (n=214) and a non-polluted region in South China (n=214). The results of this study indicate that there is a significant association between smog and behavior of high school students, and that air quality affects many facets of student life such as their health, social behavior, mood, attitude, outdoor activities and academic performance.
Working Paper Series : WP 0605 An Examination of Revenue and Expenditure Causality in Bangladesh : 1974-2004

This paper examines causal relationships between government revenue and expenditure for Bangladesh using annual data over the period 1974-2004. A three variable model is formulated comprising the fiscal variables and GDP. The Johansen Cointegration and Granger Causality tests are used to detect causal relationships between the variables. The Johansen test results suggest that there is a long-run relationship between government expenditure, revenue and GDP. Any deviation from the long-run equilibrium is corrected by short-run adjustments of expenditure and GDP. The Granger Causality test on the corresponding Vector Error Correction (VEC) model suggests that there is no causal relationship between revenue and expenditure in the short run. It is also observed that the short-run relation extends from both the fiscal variables to GDP, and not the other way around.
An analysis of consumer impulsivity and a proposed scale to measure impulse behaviour

In this work different conceptual aspects of impulsive buying are analysed and an exploratory analysis and a measurement of a new impulsive buying scale is carried out. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the dimensions of impulsiveness in purchasing and to the similarities and key differences with compulsive consumption. To follow, an impulsivity measurement, using an empirical study representative of the Spanish population, is presented. A lognormal structure of the theoretical behaviour is found, and the scale shows a suitable reliability to be used. Finally, a set of con
Examination of surface-bound Ku – DNA complexes in an aqueous environment using MAC mode atomic force microscopy

In the development of biosensors, it is essential to understand how the signal-transducing element may perturb surface-bound proteins and nucleic acids. The tip of the atomic force microscope is such an element in atomic force microscopy. In this paper, we describe the influence of tip-sample interactions on the measured height of the DNA repair protein, Ku, that has been adsorbed onto a mica surface which was submerged in aqueous solution. We find that the measured height of the Ku molecule depends critically on whether or not it is associated with DNA. Additionally, we observed that the conditions (time and concentration) under which Ku is incubated with DNA, affect the appearance (number and type) of the DNA–Ku complexes observed. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Optimal Allocation of FACTS Devices in Distribution Networks Using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm

FACTS devices are used for controlling the voltage, stability, power flow and security of transmission lines. Imperialist Competitive is a recently developed optimization technique, used widely in power systems. This paper presents an approach to finding the optimal location and size of FACTS devices in a distribution network using the Imperialist Competitive technique. IEEE 30-bus system is used as a case study. The results show the advantages of the Imperialist Competitive technique over the conventional approaches.
FrenchCoast: Fast, Robust Extraction for the Nice CHallenge on COronary Artery Segmentation of the Tree

This paper describes the pipeline for a fully automatic anal- ysis of the coronary arteries from CTA data for the coronary artery evaluation framework. It consists of three consecutive steps. First, a tree extraction and segment labeling step is performed. Second, the labeled segments are extracted and segmented by a longitudinal contour de- tection on the straightened MPR images. These longitudinal contours initialize the transversal contour detection scheme. Third, lesions are de- fined on the quantified segments with reference markers initially set at the beginning and the end of the defined segments. Training datasets were used to tune the automatic lesion detection and quantification in the third step. After this, test datasets were segmented and quantified to evaluated the pipeline. The results are presented in three categories: lesion detection, lesion quantification, and lumen border segmentation. An average ranking is calculated for each category that enables comparison with the ground truth data. For the detection stage, a sensitivity of 19% and a PPV of 15% is achieved as compared to QCA, while a sensitivity of 28% and a PPV of 36% is achieved as compared to CTA. Moreover, the stenoses are quantified with an averaged absolute difference of 33.4% as compared to QCA. Finally, a Dice of 66% and 68% is obtained for diseased and healthy vessel segments respectively, which is comparable to the observer's performance.
Traffic information use modeling in the context of a developing country

The use of traffic information in the form of radio reports, as a solution to the problem of congestion, is one of the issues, which is of particular importance for large cities like Tehran. In this study, factors affecting the use of traffic information in the context of a developing country are examined for commuters in the city of Tehran using ordered logit models. Results based on the particular survey designed for this purpose are compared to those of a developed country. Regarding the use of information in the form of listening to the radio traffic reports, the models show that older commuters, commuters who adjust their departure time according to traffic conditions (those who are sensitive to traffic congestion), commuters with longer preferred arrival time at work, and those with longer total travel time, have a greater propensity to listen to traffic reports and use to them.
A Non-destructive Crossbar Architecture of Multi- Level Memory-Based Resistor

i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iii LIST OF TABLES v CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 – Introduction . 1 CHAPTER 2 – Background 7 2.1 General Memristor 7 2.2 How Memristor works 10 2.3 Pinched Hysteresis 12 2.4 Different types of Memristor 14 2.4. 1 Titanium Dioxide Memristor 14 2.4. 1. a. Titanium Dioxide Memristor 14 2.4. 1. b. Polymeric Memristor 15 2.4. 1. c. Manganite Memristive System 18 2.4. 1. d. Resonant Tunneling Diode Memristor 19 2.4. 2 Spin Memristive System 19 2.4. 3 Three terminal Memristor 22 CHAPTER 3 – Methodology 23 3.1 Section-1: Generating spice model of the Memristor 23 3.1. 1 Simmons Tunnel Barrier Model 23 3.1. 2 ThrEshold Adoptive Memristor Model 25
Biodiesel droplet combustion.

An experimental setup was assembled to test droplets of biodiesel as well as ultra-low sulfur diesel, and ethanol for their adherence to the diameter-squared linear relationship. The droplets’ burning rate constants and temperature histories are reported. Apparatus for determining droplet diameter, thermocouple arrangement for droplet temperature history acquisition, illustrates a series of frames from a high-speed movie capturing the entire biodiesel burning sequence, changes of droplet diameter-squared over time and temperature history for biodiesel, ultra-low sulfur diesel and, ethanol biodiesel droplet, ethanol are introduced in the paper. Results comprise three stages warm-up and combustion, combustion of the droplet with the liquid phase boiling and burn-off of vaporized fuel. For larger diameter droplets, that period could occupy significant fraction of the droplet’s lifetime. The second stage is where the droplet has reached its boiling temperature and in general, all the fuels tested adhere to the D2 relationship. The biodiesel and diesel deviated slightly as a result of their multicomponent nature.
Seismic Vulnerability Assesment of Tall RC Building with Friction Pendulum Bearing System

Seismic vulnerability analysis is a fertile area of research which needs more input from seismologists and engineers. This paper focuses on the development of fragility curves for a twelve-story reinforced concrete (RC) hospital building structure in India. Fragility curve is a statistical tool representing the probability of exceeding a given damage state to the earthquake intensity. A set of earthquake records were selected from PEER data base for the development of fragility curves. Incremental dynamic analysis is performed to analyse the structure subjected to different earthquake records with various intensities based on the scaling in terms of spectral acceleration in SAP 2000. Fragility curves are developed for the same structure with and without friction pendulum isolation system (FPS). Parametric study is also conducted by varying the radius of curvature and fragility curves have been developed for all the cases. These fragility curves are used to compare their seismic performance. The structure with FPS is found to be less vulnerable to seismic hazards as compared to the structure with fixed base. Keywords— Fragility Curve; Incremental Dynamic Analysis; Friction Pendulum Bearing System (FPS).
PARAMETERS OF RECENT TRANSITS OF HAT-P-23b

Cuatro transitos del planeta extrasolar HAT–P–23b fueron observados recientemente con el telescopio de 0.36 m del Observatorio de la Universidad de Monterrey. Las cuatro curvas de luz fueron exitosamente combinadas para obtener una resultante de mayor calidad. Esta curva lue modelada utilizando un metodo de Monte Cario para obtener los parametros esenciales que caracterizan al sistema. Asumiendo parametros orbitales como la excentricidad e y la longitud del periastro ω reportados en el articulo del descubrimiento, encontramos valores de Rp/R* = 0.1105 +0.0015 –0.0013 para la razon del radio del planeta al radio estelar, a/R* = 4.23 +0.06 –0.12 para el semieje mayor normalizado, y una inclinacion orbital de i = 87.9° +1.5–2.2. Obtenemos un periodo orbital de 1.2128868 ± 0.0000004 dias (To = 2,454, 852.26542 ± 0.00018 BJD_TDB)
Reconfigurable Filter Design for Implantable Auditory Prosthesis

Multichannel sound processing approaches are used in Cochlear Implant (CI) applications for increased performance. Filterbanks are required for this purpose. Тhe implementation of a fully reconfigurable bandpass filter (BPF) with digital control is presented. Subthreshold transconductors (OTA) are used for lower power consumption and smaller capacitor values. The digital control of the OTA bias currents allows for a fine tuning of the BPF frequency characteristic. The full reconfigurability proves itself useful for non-simultaneous stimulation strategies. The BPF is implemented at transistor level. It covers the 300Hz-5.5kHz audio range and splits it into 6 logarithmically spaced channels. Simulations of the resulting circuit prove the efficiency of the digitally controlled reconfigurable analog blocks. Ill. 12, bibl. 14 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
Analysis of Demand for Major Spices in India

India is the largest producer, consumer, and exporter of spices in the world. The demand scenario for major spices in India has been comprehensively examined in the study. The shift in preferences of domestic consumers for food items, increasing urbanization and rising incomes, altered demographic and social factors and the changes in productivity of spices have brought about changes in the pattern of their consumption and demand. A two-stage budgeting framework, which is a recent development in the theory, of demand with quadratic terms of total expenditure/food expenditure and is an appropriate technique for computing the expenditure elasticities, has been employed to work out the expenditure elasticities for spices in India. The resultant expenditure elasticities range between 0.40 and 0.60 and do not show much disparity across different income classes or regions and over the years. Also, the household consumption demand projections for important spices in the country for the years 2005, 2010 and 2015 show that the domestic demand for spices would increase further in the coming years.
Effects of phytogenic additive on production and quality of table eggs in early stage of laying cycle

The aim of this paper is to present results achieved by adding dietary phytogenic additive (Biomin ® P.E.P. 125 poultry) on production and quality of table eggs in the early stages of laying period in commercial Hy Line Brown hens. The experiment was conducted from 16 to 28 weeks of hens age. During the experimental period the following parameters were determined every week : egg production, percentage of second grade eggs and egg weight. The examination of egg quality was conducted at 21, 24, 26 and 28 weeks of hens age. Based on the obtained results we can conclude that the addition of dietary phytogenic additive induced an increase in egg production and egg weight and reduced the percentage of second grade eggs. Significant effects of phytogenic additive on some egg quality parameters were not established.
New N=1 Extended Superconformal Algebras with Two and Three Generators

In this paper we consider extensions of the super Virasoro algebra by one and two super primary fields. Using a nonexplicitly covariant approach we compute all SW algebras with one generator of dimension up to 7 in addition to the super Virasoro field. In complete analogy to W algebras with two generators, most results can be classified using the representation theory of the super Virasoro algebra. Furthermore, we find that the algebra can be realized as a subalgebra of at . We also construct some new SW algebras with three generators, namely , and .
Large Eddy Simulation of Planar Free Jet Flow Using the Space-Time Conservation Element/Solution Element Scheme

In order to investigate the characteristics of planar free jet flows, the Monotonically Integrated Large Eddy Simulation (MILES) method with the high-resolution space-time conservation element/solution element (CE/SE) scheme was used to simulate the two-dimensional free jet flows. For free jet flows within the Reynolds number range 35300~2200, the flow structures, averaged and instant velocity, turbulence intensity, velocity profiles of different cross-sections were examined respectively. The simulation results agree well with the experiment data. A region of constant height exists right after the jet outlet, in which the average centerline velocity and turbulence intensity maintains same with the jet outlet, and the instant fluctuation amplitudes are also small. For turbulent flows, the length of the undisturbed region is equal to the length of region of constant height. While near the laminar region, the length of undisturbed region is slightly larger than the length of zone of constant height. The vortex structures start to generate after the undisturbed region, develop coherently in the region of flow establishment, and break down gradually in the region of fully established flow region. As the Reynolds number increases, the length of zone of constant height, the length of undisturbed region and the length of potential core region all decrease correspondingly.
Internet gambling: an overview of psychosocial impacts

Jonathan Parke I Senior Lecturer, Psychology Nottingham Trent University, UK Email: jonathan.parke@ntu.ac. uk | Abstract Technological innovation has always played a role in the development of gambling behaviour, primarily through providing new market opportunities. Early prevalence studies of Intemet gambling in the UK, Canada and the US have shown that Intemet gambling is not a eause for concern at present. However, this seems likely to change as more people start to use the Internet for leisure activities. After a brief overview of gambling technologies and deregulation issues, this paper examines the impact of technology on gambling by highlighting salient factors in the rise of Intemet gambling (i.e., accessibility, affordability, anonymity, convenience, escape immersion/dissociation, disinhibition, event frequency, asociability, interactivity, and simulation). The paper also overviews some of the main social impacts surrounding Intemet gambling, such as protection of the vulnerable, Intemet gambling in the workplace, electronic cash, and unscrupulous operators. Recommendations for Internet gambling operators are also provided.
Design of a 5-kW , 1U , 10-kW / dm 3 Resonant DC – DC Converter for Telecom Applications

The demand for decreasing cost and volume and also for increasing efficiency leads to a constantly increasing power density of converter systems. For maximizing the power density of a 5 kW telecom supply, an optimization procedure that automatically balances the switching frequency, semiconductor and passive losses, and thermal performance has been developed. This procedure and the belonging analytical converter and transformer models are presented in this paper. Moreover, the resulting optimized design, which has a power density of 10 kW/dm3 and an efficiency of 94.5% at a height of 1 U, is presented.
Technological infrastructure and international competitiveness

The paper is probably the first written paper using the concept of 'the national innovation system' and it analyses how technological infrastructure differs between countries and how such differences are reflected in international competitiveness. It makes a critical review of new (in the 1980s) developments in the theory of international trade and confronts them with recent empirical results. It shows how competitiveness cannot be explained by wage rates-prices-currency rates. Technological leadership gives absolute rather than comparative advantage and technological leadership will reflect institutions supporting coupling, creating, clustering comprehending and coping in connection with technology. The analysis is rooted in historical context through references to Friedrich List and his criticism of Adam Smith and laissez-faire. Special emphasis is put on List's concept of mental capital. Finally, the analytical arguments are illustrated by the catching-up and forging ahead of first Germany and later Japan. The paper concludes that disequilibria in international trade will be persistent and that for laggard economy the free trade doctrine may be unduly restrictive. Another conclusion is that public investment in technological infrastructure and intellectual capital is crucial for successful economic development. It is pointed out that there is a need to couple education, science, trade and industry policy in order to build competitiveness. Copyright 2004, Oxford University Press.
Effect of Potential on Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films Obtained by Electrodeposition

Polycrystal ZnO thin films have been deposited on ITO coated glass substrate in two different potential of -0.85 V and -0.95 V by electrochemical deposition technique using 0.005 M ZnCl2 or 0.01 M (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O) at 72 ± 2 C and with supporting electrolyte 0.1 M KCl aqueous solutions. Before the depositions, the solutions were saturated with oxygen by passing oxygen through the growth cell. The energy band gaps of the obtained films were estimated from the absorbance measurements. The energy band gaps of the films obtained using Zn(NO3)2 were between 3.49 and 3.57 eV while that of obtained using ZnCl2 were between 3.60 and 3.63 eV. XRD (X-ray diffraction) results showed that all the films have a hexagonal structure. It was obtained by XRD that the crystallite sizes of the films are between 46 and 54 nm. Morphological characterization of the ZnO thin films was characterized from the SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) images. It is seen from the SEM images that the surface of the films are leafy and flaky form.
BioMove - Improvement and Parameterization of a Hybrid Model fo the ASsessment of Climate Change impacts on the Vegetation of California

There is substantial evidence that climate change is affecting ecosystems worldwide. California is no exception. With insights from historic climate change and subsequent species’ responses, scientists are developing refined tools to evaluate how species change may continue in the future and what impact this may have on biodiversity and conservation. Bioclimatic envelope modeling is one approach to modeling species distribution. However, it has many shortcomings by neglecting to account for individualistic species response or inter specific competition. Furthermore, bioclimatic envelope models do not account for species dispersal constraints or those imposed by disturbances such as land use change or fire. BioMove is a novel spatially explicit, dynamic species modeling approach developed to address these issues. It simulates a target species in a dynamic landscape, competing with a target species in competition with one or many PFTs. It combines various sub-models to integrate competition, dispersal and disturbance. It has important application potential for threatened species assessment, management coordination and decision support, invasive species modeling and other advanced climate change research.