Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ergonomic handle and articulating laparoscopic tool

A and ergonomic handle provides intuitive interface between the hand and tool, the laparoscopic tool with the appropriate end-effector, also to be used with other types of tools to provide an ergonomic tool handle with an intuitive interface between the hand and the tool. The present invention relates to a laparoscopic apparatus. The device comprises a body portion, a top surface, a bottom surface opposite to a handle having a proximal end and a distal. It said top surface of said base is contoured so as to complement the natural curve of the palm. The apparatus further comprises a shaft projecting from the end of the handle. The shaft has a proximal and distal. The on said handle control sphere is located. The control sphere may represent a direction being operated by one or more fingers of the user. At a terminal of said shaft is disposed the end effector. The end effector operation made to the control sphere is connected to the control sphere as cause / controlling movement of the end effector (the articulation). FIELD 1
COOC: Visual Exploration of Co-Occurrence Mobility Patterns in Urban Scenarios

A co-occurrence pattern is an interesting pattern in human mobility, which has essential values in business intelligence, social activities, and urban planning. However, due to the deluge and complexity of mobile big data, as well as the complicated intrinsic features of the co-occurrence pattern, mining and analyzing the co-occurrence pattern are computationally highly expensive. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a framework to mine co-occurrence event data from mobile data and to explore the urban co-occurrence pattern visually. Our framework contains two modules: data modeling, to obtain the co-occurrence event data effectively utilizing frequent itemsets mining algorithm based on traffic GPS records, and visualization, to explore the co-occurrence pattern in urban scenarios from global, regional, statistical, and location perspectives. Our visualization system has been demonstrated using case studies with a real-world data set.
Cancer immunotherapy targeting T cell costimulatory molecules

According to the American Cancer Society, over 1.5 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed this year, a figure that is expected to rise with the aging population. Chemotherapy and radiation are the current "gold standards" for cancer treatment, but these therapies are marginally effective, toxic, and serve to diminish the quality of life for cancer patients. Immunotherapy represents an attractive alternative to these traditional treatment regimens. Despite overwhelming evidence that the immune system is capable of recognizing and eliminating tumors, both spontaneously and in response to immune-based therapy, such protection is abrogated in the face of compensatory immunosuppressive events characteristic of progressive disease. Thus, a major goal of novel immune-based therapies is the coordinate silencing of regulatory circuits and amplification of protective T cell function.While immune modulating reagents that trigger the T cell costimulatory molecules OX40 and GITR are currently being evaluated in early-phase clinical trials, little pre-clinical information is available regarding the efficacy and mechanism(s) of action for these agents in the setting of advanced, well-established disease. To further characterize the molecular, cellular, and treatment-associated consequences of OX40 and GITR engagement, novel agonistic reagents directed against murine OX40 and GITR (ligand-Fc fusion proteins) were recently constructed and characterized in vitro. We now show that the growth of well-established, day 17 sarcomas is significantly inhibited or ablated by a short course of either treatment, with OX40L-Fc demonstrating superior anti-tumor efficacy over GITRL-Fc at comparable dosing. Both treatments were capable of eliminating regulatory T cells within tumors, inducing profound proliferation of T effector cells in the tumor-draining lymph node, and promoting the recruitment of these expanded effector cells to the tumor microenvironment. However, OX40L-Fc therapy mediated additional, T cell-independent effects, including the activation of tumor-localized dendritic and endothelial cell subsets. These changes rendered the tumor microenvironment more immunogenic and permissive to the infiltration of treatment-induced, protective immune cells. The pleiotropic anti-tumor effects demonstrated in this model by OX40L-Fc, and to a lesser extent GITRL-Fc, strongly supports the further translation of such modalities into human clinical trials, either as single agents or in the context of combinational immunotherapy.
PID Pan-Boolean algebra control

Single input single output system was studied. With proportion, differential, integral results of deviation between given input and output as controller input, the logic rules in control process was analyzed, these logic rule with Pan-Boolean algebra was described, therefore a PID Pan-Boolean algebra control algorithm was obtained. The simulation results indicates that the new control algorithm is more effective compared to the traditional PID algorithm, having advantages such as more than 3 adjustable parameters of controllers, better result, and so on.
A Classification Demodulation Algorithm of Joint Unitary Space-Time Constellations

In the paper,we propose a newdesign of unitary space-time constellations which is generated based on a combination of permutation method and rotation method. This method can provide better performance for the unitary spacetime constellation signal. At the same time,for this joint constellation,a newclassification demodulation algorithm is given.This algorithm can recognize the class of transmission signal with very lowerror probability and reduce the research range under the maximum-likelihood algorithm,so both the error performance and the complexity of constellations can be improved. Theoretical analysis and simulation results all showthat the performances of proposed constellations are better than some other constellations which are designed by only one method while the complexity of demodulation is reduced greatly.
Island-raised but foreign-made: Lived experiences, transnational relationships, and expressions of womanhood among Cape Verdean migrant women in Greater Lisbon

Cape Verdeans have migrated to many parts of the world. In Portugal, they are prominent demographically and socially. The archipelago of Cape Verde presents a unique combination of colonial past, immigration history and geographical features that complexifies a study of interpersonal and spatial relationships. The present study has two aims. It seeks to illustrate how Cape Verdean migrant women in Greater Lisbon live, define and negotiate their relationships with people and places, given the transnational configuration of contemporary migration. It also attempts to highlight how these women exercise creativity in expressions and assertions of womanhood. Based on fieldwork, I suggest that Cape Verdean migrant women are historically, socially, and culturally situated subjects. Not only do they possess the capacity to forge meaningful relationships, but they also navigate a sea of multiple and overlapping identities and belongings. They reassess and appropriate interpersonal and spatial relationships with reference to distinct ideas and criteria drawn from their migratory experiences. Taken together, their lived experiences reflect on their self-image as women, mothers, migrants and citizens.
Scholarly reputation building in the digital age: an activity-specific approach. Review article

Seeking to understand how today’s scholars may, indeed should go about building, maintaining and showcasing their professional reputation, the literature review presented here explores the reputational opportunities available to them in the increasingly open-values based, digital and networked environment of Science 2.0. Using a conceptual framework developed with the help of the European Commission and specifically designed for conducting analytical reviews and audits of the reputational value of scholarly activities, this study examines in some detail the practices –more than 30 of them- that comprise the present-day scientific undertaking from a reputation-accruing angle.
Essential Surgery: Problems Diagnosis and Management.

Interestingly, essential surgery problems diagnosis and management that you really wait for now is coming. It's significant to wait for the representative and beneficial books to read. Every book that is provided in better way and utterance will be expected by many peoples. Even you are a good reader or not, feeling to read this book will always appear when you find it. But, when you feel hard to find it as yours, what to do? Borrow to your friends and don't know when to give back it to her or him.
The effects of the Wigan Borough Healthy Business Award on the dietary attitudes and behaviours of awardees

3 Declaration of original work 5 List of Figures 9 List of tables 9 List of abbreviations 11 Chapter 1: Introduction 12 1.1.1 Key food issues 13 1.1. 2 National Diet and Nutrition Survey 15 1.1. 3 Wigan health profile (2009) 17 1.1. 4 Food awards 19 1.1. 5 Literature Search Discussion 20 1.1. 6 Wigan Borough Healthy Business award – background 23 Chapter 2: Methods 26 2.1.1 Methodology 26 2.1. 2 Study design 28 2.1. 3 Population, sample and subjects 28 2.1. 4 Sample size justification 29
Gene Ranking Techniques via Attribute Evaluation Algorithms for DNA Microarray Analysis

Due to the huge numbers of genes that produced from microarray technology versus genes that actually discriminate disease classes, gene selection methods for microarray data analysis are vital to identify the significant genes that distinguish disease classes and to use these selected genes as diagnostic biomarkers in clinical treatment decisions. In this study, we describe how to achieve reduction of microarray data dimensionality by two attribute selection methods (AS), namely information gain method (IG) and support vector machine method (SVM) which can greatly reduce the number of attributes used to discriminate microarray data. We employ both methods, to pre-process gene expression profiles achieved from DNA microarray experiments in three steps: (i) Ranking genes according to the highest dataset separation between diseased and normal classes, (ii) Choosing the smallest subset of ranked genes that assures the highest classification accuracy, (iii) Constructing the classification models to classify diseased versus normal samples using multiple algorithms based on the extracted subset in (ii). Evaluation of this approach was conducted by using ten different classification algorithms, with eight variant cancerous microarray dataset. Based on the obtained results, this pre-processing approach improved classification accuracy compared to using the whole original dataset. All the evaluated algorithms which used in our approach provided classification accuracy exceeds over (94%) with majority of datasets. By using a few numbers of top ranking genes, we obtained higher classification accuracy instead of using original dataset, the average values of enhancement were (1.31%, 3.01%, 4.06%, 3.54% and 3.59%) using (2, 5, 10, 20, 50) subset of ranking genes by information gain attribute selection respectively, and (0.19%, 4.33%, 5.05%, 5.54% and 5.63%) using (2, 5, 10, 20, 50) subset of ranking genes by SVM attribute selection. Experimental results shows that using SVM attributes selections method yields better results than using information gain attribute selection method as preprocessing stage of the classification task. Also, it can be shown that Artificial Neural Network (ANN) outperforms all classifiers when SVM attribute selection method used while Bayes Net outperforms all classifiers when information gain attribute selection is applied.
Design of a pattern reconfigurable butterfly antenna based on fractal concept

Nowadays the reconfigurable antenna as a new type has become the hot spot in antenna fields.Compared with the traditional antenna,it is small,versatile and easy to implement the application of diversity.The concept of fractal is used to design a novel pattern reconfigurable antenna which has a shape of butterfly shape,which is obtained through the geometry transformation of third-order Hilbert curve.The performance of return loss and radiation pattern of both simulation and measurement are also illustrated.The results show that two main lobes of the antenna proposed deflect 88° and 60° in the xoy plane respectively.It is found that the pattern achieves reverse deflection with respect to the xoz plane.
On identifiability and order of continuous-time aggregated Markov chains, Markov-modulated Poisson processes, and phase-type distributions

An aggregated Markov chain is a Markov chain for which some states cannot be distinguished from each other by the observer. In this paper we consider the identifiability problem for such processes in continuous time, i.e. the problem of determining whether two parameters induce identical laws for the observable process or not. We also study the order of a continuous-time aggregated Markov chain, which is the minimum number of states needed to represent it. In particular, we give a lower bound on the order. As a by-product, we obtain results of this kind also for Markov-modulated Poisson processes, i.e. doubly stochastic Poisson processes whose intensities are directed by continuous-time Markov chains, and phase-type distributions, which are hitting times in finite-state Markov chains.
Distribution of arrival times in cosmic ray showers

The theoretical analyses of the extensive air showers developing from the cosmic radiation has its origins in the work of Carlson and Oppenheimer (1937) and Bhabha and Heitler (1937), at a time when it was thought that such showers were initiated by electrons. The realization that protons and other nuclei were the primary particles led to a reformulation of the theory by Heitler and Janossy (1949), Messel and Green (1952) and others, in which the production of energetic pions and the three-dimensional development of air showers were accounted for. But as the soft (electromagnetic) component of the cosmic radiation is the most prominent feature of air showers at sea level, there has been a sustained interest in the theory of this component. Most of the more recent work, such as that by Butcher and Messel (1960) and Thielheim and Zöllner (1972) has relied on computer simulation; but this method has disadvantages in terms of accuracy and presentation of results, especially where a simultaneous analysis of the development of air showers in terms of several physical variables is required. This is so for instance when the time of arrival is one of the variables. Moyal (1956) played an important part in the analytical formulation of a stochastic theory of cosmic ray showers, with time as an explicit variable, and it is essentially this approach which will be adopted in the following. The actual distribution of arrival times is cosmic ray showers, for which results are obtained, is of current experimental interest (McDonald, Clay and Prescott (1977)).
Design and Evaluation of a Prototype System for Real-Time Monitoring of Vehicle Honking

Misuse of vehicle horns by irresponsible drivers can be a source of noise pollution. The first step in eliminating such misuse is to monitor horn use in order to identify the culprit. This paper reports the development of an effective overhead honking monitoring system for this purpose. Integrating techniques of sensor array, time sequence analysis, sound source localization, and data fusion, this proposed system recognizes the sound of vehicle horn, determines the position of the sound-emitting vehicle, and visualizes it in an image captured by the road monitoring camera. The performance of this proposed system has been evaluated via experiments conducted under different typical urbane scenarios.
Developing a Framework for Online Practice Examination and Automated Score Generation

Examination is the process by which the ability and the quality of the examinees can be measured. It is necessary to ensure the quality of the examinees. Online examination system is the process by which the participants can appear at the examination irrespective of their locations by connecting to examination site via Internet using desktop computers, laptops or smart phones. Automated score generation is the process by which the answer scripts of the examinations are evaluated automatically to generate scores. Although, there are many existing online examination systems, the main drawback of these systems is that they cannot compute automated score accurately, especially from the text-based answers. Moreover, most of them are unilingual in nature. As a result, examinees can appear at the examination in a particular language.Considering this fact, in this paper, we present a framework that can take Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) examinations and written examinations in two different languages English and Bangla. We develop a database where the questions and answers are stored. The questions from the database are displayed in the web page with answering options for the MCQ questions and text boxes for the written questions. For generating the scores of the written questions, we performed several types of analysis of the answers of the written questions. However, for generating the scores of the MCQ questions, we simply compared between the database answers and the user’s answers. We conducted several experiments to check the accuracy of score generation by our system and found that our system can generate 100% accurate scores for MCQ questions and more than 90% accurate scores from text based questions.
Problemi ai limiti non omogenei (I)

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Dijet imbalance in 2.76 TeV PbPb collisions in CMS

We present the measurement of dijet production in PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV that is studied with the CMS detector at the LHC. We use data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 150 μb−1. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kT algorithm on particle flow objects. The dijet momentum balance and angular correlations are studied as a function of collision centrality and leading jet momentum. For the most peripheral PbPb collisions, good agreement of the dijet momentum balance distributions with pp data and reference calculations at the same collision energy is found. However, more central collisions show a strong imbalance of leading and subleading jet transverse momenta, confirming the previous observations made using a smaller dataset. The extended jet transverse momentum range significantly increases the discriminatory power of the measurement for different models of parton energy loss in hot QCD matter.
Book Review: Education/Technology/Power: Educational Computing as a Social Practice

This volume joins thirty-seven other books in the SUNY (State University of New York) series Frontiers in Education. The series represents a diverse set of topics, among them educational issues of race, gender, politics, and technology. In the current volume, fourteen authors or co-authors examine educational computing as a social practice. Nine essays are divided into three major areas: I. Discursive practices: Who Speaks of Computing, and How? ; II. Classroom practices: Pedagogy and Power in Action; and III. Democratic possibilities: When Does Technology Empower. The introduction develops the thread that computers artificially infused into a school may further the power wielded by some groups and individuals. The editors support the theme echoed by other authors that computers “benefit some people at the expense of others and reinforce existing power relations” (p. 2). For example, some of the authors believe that the historical development of military applications for computers have had a de-humanizing effect on educational applications. Computer companies are portrayed as wielding power through the sponsorship of educational programs. Gender and power are the prevalent focus of several chapters. Computers are seen as tools wielded by white males to further their power at the expense of women and minorities. Along these lines, the first chapter analyzes the discourse of computing culture. The author attempts to show “how particular definitions of rationality privilege masculine modes of interaction with the technology” (p. 24). She develops the theme that “the styles of learning and play promoted in the mainstream of computer culture represent normalized versions of certain masculine heroic fantasies” (p. 24). Her examples of computer culture are drawn from Australian computer journals and somewhat esoteric publications of the mid-80s. I would have been more convinced had the evidence come from the mainstream educational computing literature.
Polarization Jones Vector Distance Statistics-Based Full-Duplex Primary Signal Extraction for Cognitive Radios

The problem of full-duplex primary user (PU) signal space extraction is studied for cognitive radios, and polarization Jones vector distance (PJVD) under generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) paradigm is used as the extraction metric. Based on the orientation and magnitude difference of the signal samples from different PUs, the GLRT-based PJVD (GLRT-PJVD) method can efficiently detect each PU’s signal space by calculating the PJVD between any two samples. It is found that the samples from the same PU experience smaller PJVD in comparison with those from different PUs. Due to the Gaussian distributed noise, the resulting PJVD is non-central chi-squared distributed. Based on the distribution, the extraction metric is constructed as the likelihood ratio of PJVD. A closed-form expression of the optimal threshold is derived under the large argument assumption for amplitude modulated primary signals. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed GLRT-PJVD method outperforms the polarization similarity-based method in terms of both error probability and computational complexity. It is revealed that the performance gain is proportional to the SUs’ antenna number, the PUs’ polarization angle, and the signal amplitude difference. The analytical results are verified by the Monte Carlo simulation, and the performance of GLRT-PJVD is validated.
Fast algorithm for motion blurred image blind deconvolution

For a blurred image caused by fast movement,a fast blind deconvolution algorithm for spatially-invariant motion blurred images was proposed.Firstly,the ridge wave of a frequency spectral image with noises was enhanced.Then a robust algorithm based on Ridgelet transform and Radon transform was used to estimate blur kernels in the frequency domain,by which the lengths and directions of motion blur kernels could be accurately estimated,even for small length parameters and blur images in low SNRs.Furthermore,a fast non-blind deconvolution method based on hyper-laplacian prior was used to restore blur images.Experimental results show that the proposed method can restore a 1 megapixel image in less 40s.As compared with R.Fergus′algorithm based on machine learning,the proposed algorithm reduces the computing time from 30min to 40s while keeps the comparable quality.Moreover,the algorithm is effective not only for the artificially blurred images,but also for the naturally blurred images(by camera movement)as well.