Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reply to Dr. Price

To the Editor: I t has been exactly 4 years since our original description of the ‘‘corner pocket’’ technique for ultrasound (US)-guided supraclavicular block (SCB) was published. Since January 2007, we have performed more than 3000 US-guided SCBs and have adopted several modifications that, in our opinion, enhance the success and safety of this technique. Chief among these modifications are hydrolocation and hydrodissection. Whether the needle approach is lateral-to-medial or medial-to-lateral relative to the position of the US transducer, constant visualization of the needle tip can be challenging. Hydrolocation involves injecting very small amounts of solution (local anesthetic, normal saline, or dextrose) to visualize the corresponding appearance of a hypoechoic bolus and surrounding tissue distension or displacement. Failure to visualize a new hypoechoic fluid collection necessarily denotes intravascular injection or incorrect plane of imaging. Not only is the appearance of the hypoechoic bolus a surrogate indicator of the needle tip position, it also enhances the visibility of the needle tip by increasing the acoustic mismatch between the needle tip (and shaft) and the surrounding medium, which is now liquid. Instead of aiming toward the corner pocket at the outset, the needle is advanced first to puncture the lower third of the brachial plexus sheath, which is typically accompanied by a palpable ‘‘fascial click’’ (Fig. 1A). A small amount (1Y2 mL) of local anesthetic solution is then incrementally injected to ‘‘open’’ the perineural space and create a safe pathway for further needle advancement toward the ‘‘corner pocket’’ (Figs. 1B, C). We believe that this hydrodissection technique can direct the nerve trunk/divisions away from the advancing needle tip, which then facilitates additional needle manipulation as necessary to reach the corner pocket where 15 to 25 mL of local anesthetic is deposited (Fig. 1D) for reliable surgical anesthesia. While the ulnar nerve still remains the most commonly spared, it has been our experience that the corner pocket technique achieves successful ulnar nerve blockade in at least 85% of patients within 30 mins of local anesthetic injection. Finally, we have encountered only 1 case of symptomatic pneumothorax, which occurred despite careful attention to technique. Postprocedure sonographic examination of the pleura has been advocated by some experienced practitioners and may be useful in certain circumstances.
Development of solar powered air inflated grain dryer

Cereals are generally harvested at 20-23% moisture content in order to avoid shattering losses while harvest. Their milling and long term storage is done at lower moisture content which is achieved by drying immediately after harvest. A solar powered air inflated grain dryer was designed and developed for drying of paddy. The developed dryer performance was evaluated by drying freshly harvested paddy with initial moisture content 22Â±0.3% (w.b.) in comparison to sun drying. The developed dryer had a significant difference in temperature of the drying air and drying rate compared to sun drying. The time required for drying of paddy up to milling moisture content of 14% in the developed dryer ranged from 7.5-9 hr and 11-12.8 hr in sun drying respectively. Least square mean values of thermal efficiency, temperature rise in the drying air and drying rate of the developed dryer varied from 18.7-45.7%, 3.35-5. 81Â°C and 0.36-0.98 kg/hr respectively. The developed solar powered air inflated dryers provide a promising alternative for on farm drying of grains because of its low cost of construction, easy operation, green energy utilization and portability.
Pedagogic and learning spaces of leadership development: A sectoral case study

This article develops the critical reviews of the leadership development terrain and argues for the necessity to consider and explore the pedagogic spaces of leadership development and its constitutive dynamics . It first synthesises the theoretical debates on pedagogic space by identifying five relevant themes and how pedagogic and learning spaces are differentiated. It locates itself within these debates, focusing on assemblage, embodiment and enactment. It then draws on a case study of the South African retail banking sector to suggest a sectoral analysis. The value and contribution of this is the attention to different levels of analysis and the theme of journeys. It allows for the consideration of, and deliberation on, expanding and opening up pedagogic and learning spaces.
State of Wisconsin

Senate Bill 760 Relating to: referrals for subjects of alerts for missing adults and operator's license review. By Senators Roth, Olsen, Vukmir, Carpenter, Hansen and C. Larson; cosponsored by Representatives Skowronski, Rohrkaste, Hesselbein, Bernier, Novak, Tittl, Czaja, Jagler, Meyers, Kolste, Brostoff, Macco, Katsma, Petryk, Swearingen, Kleefisch, Quinn, Kitchens, Kahl, A. Ott, Ripp, Zepnick, Spiros, Subeck, Murphy, E. Brooks, Sargent, Kulp, Ballweg, Nygren, Ohnstad, Johnson, Brandtjen, Steineke, Sinicki and Born. To committee on Judiciary and Public Safety.
“Role Play” in Education and Teaching

Objective To probe into the function of role play in education and teaching.Methods Analyzed the practice of role play in quality education and teaching of surgical nursing.Results Role play used in education enlightened students to scan and manage themselves and improved their social values;Role play used in teaching made students study and apply smartly,which brought a profound signification.Conclusion Role-play plays an important role in education and teaching.
Infants' use of object parts in early categorization

Two experiments involving object-manipulation tasks were performed to examine whether 1- to 2year-olds form superordinate-like categories by attending to object parts. In Study 1, 14-, 18-, and 22-month-olds were tested with contrasts of animals, furniture, insects, and vehicles. Fourteen- and 18-month-olds behaved systematically toward categories with different parts (legs or wheels) but not toward categories with matching parts (legs or legs). In Study 2, infants were tested with novel animals and vehicles generated by removing or attaching legs or wheels. In the absence of part differences, all three age groups failed to form superordinate categories. The two younger groups chose to categorize by parts (i.e., legs or wheels) rather than by category membership (animal or vehicle). The results suggest a perceptual basis for categorization whereby infants form dynamic categories, on-tine, that are based on the characteristics of the input. It is a common assumption that the categories formed in early childhood fall into one of the three hierarchical classes proposed by Rosch and her colleagues (e.g., Mervis & Rosch, 1981; Rosch, Mervis, Gray, Johnson, & Boyes-Braem, 1976). According to Rosch, the categories that are developmentally primary are at the basic level, with categories developing subsequently at the more general, superordinate level. This developmental sequence is thought to occur because basic-level categories have a high level of within-catego ry similarity and between-category dissimilarity, whereas superordinate categories have low with in-category similarity. Thus, it is held that infants form categories of objects that are alike, such as dogs, cats, cars, and chairs, more easily than they form categories that include objects that vary in appearance, such as animals, vehicles, and furniture. Rosch (1978) referred to these categories as taxonomies, by which she meant that their members are the same kind of thing or are ''related to one another by means of class inclusion" (p. 27). A corollary for this assumption is that infants require knowledge beyond information given in the perceptual input to form
Client-Centered Practice: Views from Occupational Therapists and their Clients

The purpose of this study was to comparatively analyze the perceptual involvement of clients and occupational therapists in the shared decision-making process in healthcare facilities in the United States. This study also investigated whether there is a difference in perception in the shared decision-making process in different adult/geriatric healthcare facilities. Participants (11 occupational therapists, 30 clients) in adult/geriatric healthcare facilities were each engaged in a semi-structured interview to determine their perceptions of client-centered practice, specifically in relation to the goal setting process. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the item data. In addition, one-way analysis of variance was computed to identify perceptual differences of opinions in clients and therapists among the four facility variables from where the participants originated from, i.e., longterm carelrehabilitation, hospital outpatient, hospital inpatient, nursing homes. The occupational therapists in this study indicated use of the principles of clientcentered practice in their delivery of occupational therapy services. Their clients however, had displayed mixed perceptions about their role as an active participant in client-centered practice and all responded negative to being aware of the approach. Perceptual differences did appear between the therapists and their clients in relation to the use of client-centered practice, as their responses to similar questions varied. Lastly, facility tlpe significantly influenced clients' knowledge of certain aspects of their treatment in four areas. Results suggest that a perceptual gap exists between occupational therapists and their clients in relation to their stated use of and participation in client-centered practice. In light of the results, development of a systematic strategy by therapists to elicit the roles that their clients desire to play in the therapeutic process may be an effective intervention to ensure that therapists and their clients are able to fulfill their roles in client-centered practice.
Identifying and determining the key processes for quality management systems in the hotel sector

In response to the need to identify and establish the strategic value of the processes covered by the Quality Standards (ISO 9001, EFQM) this work proposes a methodology that combines the Resource-Based View (RBV) with the 'process-based approach' that enables the key processes and their importance to quality system management to be identified. This methodology is applied to the hotel sector, which allows a comparison to be made with the criteria of the Q Standard of Spanish Tourism Quality and the proposal to be validated. In this respect; three types of processes have been identified: principal, complementary and support processes.
Value‐at‐risk: Techniques to account for leptokurtosis and asymmetric behavior in returns distributions

Purpose - The last few years in the financial markets have shown great instability and high volatility. In order to capture the amount of risk a financial firm takes on in a single trading day, risk managers use a technology known as value-at-risk (VaR). There are many methodologies available to calculate VaR, and each has its limitations. Many past methods have included a normality assumption, which can often produce misleading figures as most financial returns are characterized by skewness (asymmetry) and leptokurtosis (fat-tails). The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of VaR and describe some of the most recent computational approaches. Design/methodology/approach - This paper compares the Student- Findings - Recent research has utilized the third and fourth moments to estimate the shape index parameter of the tail. Other approaches, such as extreme value theory, focus on the extreme values to calculate the tail ends of a distribution. By highlighting benefits and limitations of the Student- Originality/value - This paper details the basic advantages, disadvantages, and mathematics of current parametric methodologies used to assess value-at-risk (VaR), since accurate VaR measures reduce a firm's capital requirement and reassure creditors and investors of the firm's risk level.
The Optimal Treatment Modality for Taiwan Oral Cavity Cancer Patients-Experience of a Medical Center

Abstract Oral cavity cancer ranks sixth in cancer incidence in Taiwan, and it is the most common malignancy diagnosed in Taiwanese men aged between 30 and 50 years. Despite recent declines in high risk habits, the incidence of oral cavity cancer in Taiwan is still increasing with more than 5000 new cases diagnosed in 2011. Currently, the main treatment modality for oral cavity cancer is surgical excision, either with or without adjuvant therapy. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline is the most widely accepted guideline for head and neck cancer including oral cavity cancer. However, NCCN guidelines do not specify a definite treatment for T4b oral cavity cancer, which is not uncommon in Taiwan. In this study, we investigated current oral cavity cancer treatments in Taiwan, compared these treatments with those stipulated by the NCCN guideline, and made recommendations on the most optimal treatment for Taiwan patients.
The impact of hand osteoarthritis on the handwriting of elderly people : a clinical trial of assistive technology

The impact of hand osteoarthritis on the handwriting of elderly people: A clinical trial of assistive technology In New Zealand osteoarthritis affects seven percent of the population and most commonly affects hands. People with hand osteoarthritis report that decreased hand function affects the speed and legibility of their handwriting, thus there is the potential for assistive technology to be applied in this setting. The hypothesis of this research was that a new, prototype pen may improve comfort when writing and that script legibility may also be improved or at least not diminish. This new pen was compared for efficacy with a pen developed commercially for people with hand osteoarthritis and with participants’ usual pens. Handwriting samples from 36 participants were evaluated where participants used either the prototype pen or the commercial pen and their usual pen. The research also included semi-structured interviews on the impact of living with arthritis. Over 78% of participants reported that handwriting was difficult for them, and more than 81% wrote daily and rated handwriting as essential: handwriting was described as a means of maintaining independence and social relationships. The mean writing speed was slower using the prototype pen than the usual or commercially available pen. There was no difference in writing legibility when using any of the pens; however, the commercially available pen was rated as better than the participant’s usual pen for comfort. Customised pens may enable older people with hand osteoarthritis to maintain legible handwriting ensuring continued participation in their communities. Keywords; hand osteoarthritis, handwriting, writing aids
A Unified Theory of Party Competition: A Cross-National Analysis Integrating Spatial and Behavioral Factors

A Unified Theory of Party Competition: A Cross-National Analysis Integrating Spatial and Behavioral Factors, J.F. Adams, S. Merill, III and B. Grofman, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 311. A Unified Theory of Party Competition continues the development of the important research agenda started by Merrill and Grofman's A Unified Theory of Voting: Directional and Spatial Proximity Models (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999). This agenda focuses on integrating hitherto diverging streams of the literature in order to present sophisticated formal models that lead to empirically testable predictions with more realistic results than earlier models. As such, this book is at the cutting edge of developing the scientific study of politics. Although written with an explicit theoretical concern in mind, it presents a wealth of rigorous empirical tests, drawn from case studies of Britain, France, Norway and the Unites States, to demonstrate how well the theory travels across very different institutional and contextual settings.
Sociability: Traits, Settings, and Interactions

Sociability was examined in relation to the trait, setting, and interaction controversy. Sociability, measured behaviorally as verbal participation in an unstructured conversation, was expected to be greater for participants who were affiliative and exhibitionistic but not defensive (traits); for "sociopetal" seating arrangements and for greater environment-elicited pleasure, arousal, and dominance (settings); and for interactions among and between these trait and setting measures. Sociability did, as hypothesized, increase with the traits of affiliativeness and exhibitionism, the setting variables of pleasure and arousal, one Person X Person interaction, and one Setting X Setting interaction. However, seating arrangements and 1 2 Person X Setting interactions were notably unrelated to sociability; assertions that Person X Setting interactions account for large portions of variance in behavior are unsupported. Instead, the results suggest that more attention should be paid to the predictive utility of interactions among person measures and among setting measures. By now it is clear that sociability, defined here as verbal participation, is influenced by a wide range of variables, from the subtle microkinesic cues people display in entering a meeting room (Gary, 1976) to the enduring interpersonal relationships making u p a group's personality, or "syntality" (Cattell, 1948). Person-based measures have been the most frequently studied correlates; two decades ago Mann (1959) could already review 17 studies of the relationship between individual difference measures and verbal activity rate. On the other hand, interest i n the relationship of physical setting variables to verbal interaction began a s a n afterthought (Steinzor, 1950) but increased with the general upsurge of interest i n the physical environment and behavior (e.g., Osmond, 1957; Sommer, 1969). Very few studies o f sociability have included both person and environment measures in the same investigation o r investigated statistical interactions between them. The assistance of Patsy Mclnnes and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Grant 41077-0509) is gratefully acknowledged.
Fabrication of δ-Bi2O3 Nanowires

© The Electrochemical Society, Inc. [2005]. All rights reserved. Except as provided under U.S. copyright law, this work may not be reproduced, resold, distributed, or modified without the express permission of The Electrochemical Society (ECS). The archival version of this work was published in [Electrochemical Solid-State Letters, Vol.8, No.4, pp.A204-A206]. ”
Evaluation of the prevalence of Vancomycin- resistant Enterococci strains isolated from patients in the ICU in Kashan

Background and Objectives: Enterococcus is part of human and animal intestinal flora. The with- drawal of these bacteria from their original location causes infections such as bacteremia, endocar- ditis, and Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study is to deter- mine the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) strains and the phenotypes of the Van genes in Enterococcus isolated from rectal swabs of patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 156 rectal-swab samples were collected from patients in three wards of ICUs in the Shahid Beheshti Hospital. Enterococcus was detected in samples with the Gram stain and biochemical tests. An antibiotic resistance test was done using CLSI criteria. Different types of vancomycin resistance genes were identified by the multiplex PCR technique. Results: Enterococcus was detected in 135 rectal-swab samples (86.5%). The prevalence of VRE strains was 42.9% (58 cases). The frequency of VanA and VanC genes were 69% and 6.9%, re- spectively. In this study neither of van B, D, E and G genes were observed. 59.2% of patients who consumed 3 to 4 types of antibiotics, and 35.4% of those who consumed 1 to 2 types of anti- biotics, had VRE. Conclusion: Our findings highlight that antibiotic consumption can lead to increasing the re- sistance phenotypes. The prevalence of VRE was indicated 3.6 times more in patients who had consumed antibiotics. Also, with increasing number of antibiotic consumption of 1-2 to 3-4 types, risk of antibiotic-resistant Enterococci increases 2.65 times.
All things being equal: spatiotemporal differences between Open and Women’s 16-goal Polo

ABSTRACT Polo is an equestrian team sport, consisting of Open and Women’s only handicapping systems. Equine activities may differ in distribution and their affect upon match outcome in Women’s Polo compared to Open Polo, potentially impacting equine preparation and management. We aimed to quantify spatiotemporal differences between Open and Women’s Polo when matched for handicap and assess their interaction with chukka and match outcomes. Distance, speed and high-intensity activity data were collected via player-worn global positioning system (GPS) units during 16-goal Open and Women’s Polo tournaments. Notational analysis quantified chukka duration and chukka and game outcomes. Spatiotemporal metric differences between Open and Women’s Polo were small to large (ES: 0.54–1.81). In Open Polo, players covered moderately more distance in games won (mean: 429.0 m; 95% CI: 238.9 m to 619.0 m), with small to large increases in high-intensity activities also performed. Whereas in Women’s Polo, moderately higher maximum speeds were attained in games won (17.13 km.h−1; 11.86 km.h−1 to 22.40 km.h−1) and a small increase in accelerations performed (5.1; 0.2 to 10.0). Open and Women’s Polo, when matched for handicap, present with small to large spatiotemporal differences that are likely of practical significance, and may influence game outcome differently between codes.
What Is the Impact of Utilizing an Authentic Study of an Author’s Life and Literary Works to Increase Students’ Motivation to Read in a Third Grade Gifted and Talented Classroom?

v LIST OF TABLES.xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.3 STUDY RATIONALE.5 PURPOSE STATEMENT.9 RESEARCH QUESTION.9 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.10 ACTION RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.11 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY.12 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION.13 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS.14 CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE.17
Verbal episodic memory at the preclinical and early phases of familiar early - onset Alzheimer disease caused by E280A mutation at PS1

RESUMENI ntroduccIon . Obtener un diagnostico temprano o preclinico es uno de los mayores retos en la investigacion de demencias. Hasta el momento se han descrito varios marcadores cognitivos; sin embargo, la memoria episodica verbal (MEV), no ha sido ampliamente estudiada en poblaciones con marcadores biologicos. o bjetIvo . Determinar si existen alteraciones tempranas en la MEV, en una muestra de participantes con riesgo de desarrollar Enfermedad de Alzheimer familiar precoz, al ser comparados con un grupo control en dos pruebas de MEV, el MIS (Memory Impairment Screen) y el MCT (Memory capacity test). M aterIales y Metodos . La muestra estuvo conformada por 14 portadores asintomaticos, 11 portadores con deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y 23 sujetos sanos no portadores. Para la seleccion, se utilizo el Minimental, las escalas: EDG (Escala de Deterioro Global de Reisberg), FAST (Functional Assessment Staging de Reisberg) y la escala de quejas subjetivas de memoria. Posteriormente, se administraron el MIS y el MCT. Se analizaron las variables de recuerdo libre y facilitado.