Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Face tracking using a hyperbolic catadioptric omnidirectional system

In the first part of this paper, we present a brief review on catadioptric omnidirectional systems. The special case of the hyperbolic omnidirectional system is analysed in depth. The literature shows that a hyperboloidal mirror has two clear advantages over alternative geometries. Firstly, a hyperboloidal mirror has a single projection centre [1]. Secondly, the image resolution is uniformly distributed along the mirror’s radius [2]. In the second part of this paper we show empirical results for the detection and tracking of faces from the omnidirectional images using Viola-Jones method. Both panoramic and perspective projections, extracted from the omnidirectional image, were used for that purpose. The omnidirectional image size was 480x480 pixels, in greyscale. The tracking method used regions of interest (ROIs) set as the result of the detections of faces from a panoramic projection of the image. In order to avoid losing or duplicating detections, the panoramic projection was extended horizontally. Duplications were eliminated based on the ROIs established by previous detections. After a confirmed detection, faces were tracked from perspective projections (which are called virtual cameras), each one associated with a particular face. The zoom, pan and tilt of each virtual camera was determined by the ROIs previously computed on the panoramic image. The results show that, when using a careful combination of the two projections, good frame rates can be achieved in the task of tracking faces reliably.
Numerical modelling of downstream migrating antidunes

A numerical model is presented that compute the geometrical dimensions and movement of downstream migrating antidunes. The model solves the Navier–Stokes equations together with the k‐epsilon turbulence model to find the water flow field over the bedforms. A two‐dimensional width‐averaged grid is used. The bed elevation changes are computed by solving the convection–diffusion equation for suspended sediments and bedload, together with the Engelund–Hansen sediment transport formula. The free surface is computed with an algorithm based on water continuity in the surface cells. Non‐orthogonal adaptive grids were used, moving vertically with the computed location of the bed and the free water surface. The numerical model was tested on data from a physical model study where regular downstream migrating antidunes had been observed. The numerical model started out with a flat bed and the trains of antidunes formed over time. Many of the physical processes observed in earlier studies were replicated by the numerical model. Four dune parameters were computed in the current tests: The antidune wavelength, height and celerity, together with the average water depth. The antidune wavelengths were best predicted with an accuracy of 3 to 8% compared with the measurements. The antidune heights were computed with a deviation of 11 to 25% compared with an empirical formula. The water depths over the antidunes were predicted with an accuracy of 3 to 9% related to the measured values. The average antidune celerity was the parameter with largest deviation: For the coarsest grid it was overpredicted with 37%. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1.5 μm, 8?×?12.5 Gb/s of hybrid-integrated TOSA with isolators and ROSA for 100 GbE application

Compact transmitter and receiver optical sub-assemblies (TOSA and ROSA) are fabricated in our laboratory and have an aggregated capacity of 100 Gb/s. Specially, directly modulated laser (DML) drivers with two layers of electrical circuit boards are designed to inject RF signals and bias currents separately. For all the lanes, the 3 dB bandwidth of the cascade of the TOSA and ROSA exceeds 9 GHz, which allows the 12.5 Gb/s operation. With the 12.5 Gb/s × 8-lane operation, clear eye diagrams for back-to-back and 30-km amplified transmission with a dispersion compensation fiber are achieved. Low cost and simple processing technology make it possible to realize commercial production.
INVESTIGATION OF SCINTILLATORS WITH TWO K- ABSORPTION EDGES USING MONTE CARLO TECHNIQUES

s in national scientific conferences • Α. Κωνσταντινίδης, Π. Λιαπαρίνος, Γ. Παναγιωτάκης και Ι. Κανδαράκης “ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΗΣ ΤΗΣ Κ-ΧΑΡΑΚΤΗΡΙΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΑΚΤΙΝΟΒΟΛΙΑΣ ΣΕ ΣΠΙΝΘΗΡΙΣΤΕΣ ΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ ΑΠΕΙΚΟΝΙΣΗΣ ΜΕ ΧΡΗΣΗ ΤΕΧΝΙΚΩΝ MONTE CARLO”, 17 Διαπανεπιστημιακό Συνέδριο Ακτινολογίας 2007, 9-11 Νοεμβρίου 2007, Πάτρα. Anastasios Konstantinidis Master Thesis
First principles prediction of the metastability of the Ge2Mn phase and its synthesis pathways

In this letter, we performed first principles calculations to investigate the stability of a [100]-compatible Ge2Mn compound. Based on a thermodynamical approach, we propose and assess the C16 structure (Al2Cu prototype) to be only slightly metastable as compared to the other Ge–Mn compounds. The reported structural and magnetic properties of this Ge2Mn compound make it a potentially interesting compound for spintronic applications, all the more since a simple way to stabilize it as a bulk film is proposed.
Comment on Information and Dualism

The similarities between the hypothetical medium of light propagation, the aether, and the Dirac-type negative sea are discussed. In particular, it is argued that when the negative sea is identified as the observer's reference frame, it may be equivalent to the medium of light waves. In fact, this equivalence is related to the natural interpretation of the wave-particle duality where the light wave is propagating through the reference frame of the observer, i.e., the wave-like property, while the particle-like aspect is shown as the eigenvalue outcome of the measurement. This result lies within standard quantum theory, yet removes the weirdness of the wave-particle duality that existed previously.
Shapes of Conversation and At-Issue Content

While not-at-issue (NAI) content is typically introduced via particular syntactic constructions, accounts of NAI content that only consider the syntax/semantics interface face empirical difficulties. We develop a new approach to NAI content that exploits features of discourse structure to solve these difficulties, and we provide some insight on the strategic uses of NAI constructions.
Carbon and Phosphorus Cycling in Arabian Sea Sediments across the Oxygen Minimum Zone

Several studies have focused on carbon, oxygen, and phosphorus dynamics across the modern oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) to constrain how signals of modern systems get “locked in” upon burial. In this study, a sequential phosphorus fractionation technique was applied to surficial and sub-surface sediments from stations at depths spanning the OMZ on the Pakistan margin of the Arabian Sea in order to test the oxygen-carbon-phosphorus connection in modern marine sediments. Some early diagenetic loss of phosphorus compared to organic carbon was observed, but a significant portion of the released phosphorus was retained by uptake on oxyhydroxides and by the formation of an authigenic phosphorus-bearing phase. This process is unaffected by station location relative to the OMZ, and results in an effective organic carbon-to-reactive-phosphorus sediment ratio that is close to the average observed for open-ocean sediments, regardless of bottom water oxygen content.
Early stages of apparel design: how to define collaborative needs for PLM and fashion?

Companies are faced with increasing challenges in their own environment. In several areas of the industry, but also among the suppliers, more and more competitors emerge. Companies react to this pressure by trying to implement new technologies for their products and offering more innovative products to successfully face direct competition. Overall, globalisation put pressure on companies in terms of innovation, costs and time to market. This climate of economic competition forces businesses to adapt to the expectations of their customers. To achieve this change, it becomes necessary amongst other things to reduce design time. Thus, practices in apparel design have evolved in order to be able to manage projects in new work environments. After presenting a literature review of collaborative functionalities used in product design, our paper presents an illustration of a case study for Product Lifecycle Management research in the apparel industry, focusing on the definition of needs in terms of collaborative functions to support the design of apparel products, in an industrial context.
Ice-shelf Response to Ice-stream Discharge Fluctuations: I. Unconfined Ice Tongues

Abstract Ice-stream discharge fluctuations constitute an independent means of forcing unsteady ice-shelf behavior, and their effect must be distinguished from those of oceanic and atmospheric climate to understand ice-shelf change. In addition, ice-stream-generated thickness anomalies may constitute a primary trigger of ice-rise formation in the absence of major sea-level fluctuations. Such triggering may maintain the current ice-rise population that, in turn, contributes to long-term ice-sheet stability. Here, we show that ice-stream-generated fluctuations of an ideal, two-dimensional ice shelf propagate along two characteristic trajectories. One trajectory permits instantaneous transmission of grounding-line velocity changes to all points down-stream. The other trajectory represents slow transmission of grounding-line thickness changes along Lagrangian particle paths.
Minimizing expected passenger travel time by optimal bufferallocation in train networks

This project considers railway timetable development where the expected passenger travel time is minimized. Buffers are placed in the network to absorb delays and an optimization model is formulated to choose these buffers optimally to minimize expected passenger travel time. A new way of modeling so called "excess journey time" has been proposed. Given this optimization model, a piecewise-linear approximation of the problem is formulated, where error bounds in terms of the objective function are given. In the model and literature regarding this subject a simplification of reality is made, by dividing the train network into independent parts, to get analytical expressions for the goal function. A model where this simplification is not made is developed and it is found that the simplification causes a severe decrease in solution quality. However, in this research a heuristic is proposed which results in solutions that are very close to optimality. The model is applied to the Dutch intercity network where it is concluded that the model is able to generate timetables meeting the demands necessary for the Dutch network.
RANSAC-based Orthogonal Vanishing Point Estimation in the Equirectangular Images

In this paper, we present an algorithm that quickly and effectively estimates orthogonal vanishing points in equirectangular images of urban environment. Our algorithm is based on the RANSAC (RANdom Sample Consensus) algorithm and on the characteristics of the line segment in the spherical panorama image of the 360˚ longitude and 180˚ latitude field of view. These characteristics can be used to reduce the geometric ambiguity in the line segment classification as well as to improve the robustness of vanishing point estimation. The proposed algorithm is validated experimentally on a wide set of images. The results show that our algorithm provides excellent levels of accuracy for the vanishing point estimation as well as line segment classification.
Bioactive Components and Antioxidant Activity of Moroccan Paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) at Different Period of Harvesting and Processing

In the present study the total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols, carotenoids content and ASTA of extracts of paprika powder produced at four periods of harvesting and processing were investigated for their antioxidant activity. A different composition between the four periods was evidenced. Paprika produced in November presented a major content of phenols, carotenoids, and ASTA (1360 mg/100g DW, 3727.54 mg/kg DW, 167.15 unit) respectively. Also it showed the highest radical scavenging activity in DPPH assay (IC50 of 260? g/ml). Total flavonol and total flavonoid contents show a little variation depending on the time of harvesting and processing. The total phenolic and carotenoid contents were highly correlated with DPPH values (R2= 0.95 and R2= 0.96) respectively. Therefore, the total phenolic and carotenoid contents can serve as a useful indicator for the antioxidant activity of paprika. The obtained results suggest that Moroccan paprika could be used as valuable flavor with functional properties for foods. Keywords: Niora, ground paprika, ASTA , carotenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols, antioxidant activity.
Models as Mediating Instruments

Models are one of the critical instruments of modern science. We know that models function in a variety of different ways within the sciences to help us to learn not only about theories but also about the world. So far, however, there seems to be no systematic account of how they operate in both of these domains. The semantic view as discussed in the previous chapter does provide some analysis of the relationship between models and theories and the importance of models in scientific practice; but, we feel there is much more to be said concerning the dynamics involved in model construction, function and use. One of the points we want to stress is that when one looks at examples of the different ways that models function, we see that they occupy an autonomous role in scientific work. In this chapter we want to outline, using examples from both the chapters in this volume and elsewhere, an account of models as autonomous agents, and to show how they function as instruments of investigation. We believe there is a significant connection between the autonomy of models and their ability to function as instruments. It is precisely because models are partially independent of both theories and the world that they have this autonomous component and so can be used as instruments of exploration in both domains. In order to make good our claim, we need to raise and answer a number of questions about models. We outline the important questions here before going on to provide detailed answers. These questions cover four basic elements in our account of models, namely how they are constructed, how they function, what they represent and how we learn from them.
The Impact of Crowdfunding and its Ability to facilitate the Liability of Newness: A Case Study on New Ventures within the Product Design Industry

Crowdfunding is often considered as a financial source to close the early stage financial gap of new ventures. However, there is little research on its impact regarding other liabilities new ventures face. The aim of this study is to find evidence on how crowdfunding can provide new ventures with additional value apart from financial resources. For this purpose, the concept of liability of newness is used as a framework to understand the specific impact of crowdfunding in different areas. This article uses a qualitative approach with three new ventures within the product design industry that used the crowdfunding platform Kickstarter. The findings showed that new ventures in this particular kind of industry use crowdfunding only as a marketing and sales channel rather than as a financial resource. It turned out that crowdfunding especially helps to facilitate external liabilities that are visible to the crowd, whereas internal liabilities that are not visible to the crowd are not affected.
Extraction and screening of various hydrolases from Malaysian channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) viscera

Malaysia is a large producer of fish industry estimated to be 1.5million tonnes every year. 35-50% of the fish weight is its viscera, which is usually disposed into the landfills or sea leading to massive environmental problems. However, various hydrolases can be extracted from this highly potential by-product source. In this study, protease, lipase, α-amylase and cellulase activities were studied. Protein concentration of the whole viscera of Ictalurus punctatuswas 0.798596 mg/mL, protease gives the highest specific activity among the hydrolases (13.57 U/mg), cellulase was (1.43 U/mg), lipase (1.425 U/mg) and the α-amylase was (0.689 U/mg).
Classification Based on both Attribute Value Weight and Tuple Weight under the Cloud Computing

In recent years, more and more people pay attention to cloud computing. Users need to deal with magnanimity data in the cloud computing environment. Classification can predict the need of users from large data in the cloud computing environment. Some traditional classification methods frequently adopt the following two ways. One way is to remove instance after it is covered by a rule, another way is to decrease tuple weight of instance after it is covered by a rule. The quality of these traditional classifiers may be not high. As a result, they cannot achieve high classification accuracy in some data. In this paper, we present a new classification approach, called classification based on both attribute value weight and tuple weight (CATW). CATW is distinguished from some traditional classifiers in two aspects. First, CATW uses both attribute value weight and tuple weight. Second, CATW proposes a new measure to select best attribute values and generate high quality classification rule set. Our experimental results indicate that CATW can achieve higher classification accuracy than some traditional classifiers.
Quadrature Rules and Iterative Method for Numerical Solution of Two-Dimensional Fuzzy Integral Equations

We introduce some generalized quadrature rules to approximate two-dimensional, Henstock integral of fuzzy-number-valued functions. We also give error bounds for mappings of bounded variation in terms of uniform modulus of continuity. Moreover, we propose an iterative procedure based on quadrature formula to solve two-dimensional linear fuzzy Fredholm integral equations of the second kind (2DFFLIE2), and we present the error estimation of the proposed method. Finally, some numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results and illustrate the accuracy of the method.
An Atlantic streamer in stratospheric ozone observations and SD-WACCM simulation data

Abstract. Observation and simulation of individual ozone streamers are important for the description and understanding of non-linear transport processes in the middle atmosphere. A sudden increase in mid-stratospheric ozone occurred above central Europe on 4 December 2015. The GROund-based Millimeter-wave Ozone Spectrometer (GROMOS) and the Stratospheric Ozone MOnitoring RAdiometer (SOMORA) in Switzerland measured an ozone enhancement of about 30 % at 34 km altitude (8.3 hPa) from 1 to 4 December. A similar ozone increase is simulated by the Specified Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate (SD-WACCM) model. Further, the global ozone fields at 34 km altitude (8.3 hPa) from SD-WACCM and the satellite experiment Aura/MLS show a remarkable agreement for the location and timing of an ozone streamer (large-scale tongue-like structure) extending from the subtropics in northern America over the Atlantic to central Europe. This agreement indicates that SD-WACCM can inform us about the wind inside the Atlantic ozone streamer. SD-WACCM shows an eastward wind of about 100 m s−1 inside the Atlantic streamer in the mid-stratosphere. SD-WACCM shows that the Atlantic streamer flows along the edge of the polar vortex. The Atlantic streamer turns southward at an erosion region of the polar vortex located above the Caspian Sea. The spatial distribution of stratospheric water vapour indicates a filament outgoing from this erosion region. The Atlantic streamer, the polar vortex erosion region and the water vapour filament belong to the process of planetary wave breaking in the so-called surf zone of the northern midlatitude winter stratosphere.
Process intensification for O2‐dependent enzymatic transformations in continuous single‐phase pressurized flow

Oxidative O2‐dependent biotransformations are promising for chemical synthesis, but their development to an efficiency required in fine chemical manufacturing has proven difficult. General problem for process engineering of these systems is that thermodynamic and kinetic limitations on supplying O2 to the enzymatic reaction combine to create a complex bottleneck on conversion efficiency. We show here that continuous‐flow microreactor technology offers a comprehensive solution. It does so by expanding the process window to the medium pressure range (here, ≤34 bar) and thus enables biotransformations to be conducted in a single liquid phase at boosted concentrations of the dissolved O2 (here, up to 43 mM). We take reactions of glucose oxidase and d‐amino acid oxidase as exemplary cases to demonstrate that the pressurized microreactor presents a powerful engineering tool uniquely apt to overcome restrictions inherent to the individual O2‐dependent transformation considered. Using soluble enzymes in liquid flow, we show reaction rate enhancement (up to six‐fold) due to the effect of elevated O2 concentrations on the oxidase kinetics. When additional catalase was used to recycle dissolved O2 from the H2O2 released in the oxidase reaction, product formation was doubled compared to the O2 supplied, in the absence of transfer from a gas phase. A packed‐bed reactor containing oxidase and catalase coimmobilized on porous beads was implemented to demonstrate catalyst recyclability and operational stability during continuous high‐pressure conversion. Product concentrations of up to 80 mM were obtained at low residence times (1–4 min). Up to 360 reactor cycles were performed at constant product release and near‐theoretical utilization of the O2 supplied. Therefore, we show that the pressurized microreactor is practical embodiment of a general reaction‐engineering concept for process intensification in enzymatic conversions requiring O2 as the cosubstrate.
Sources Of Wage Differentials Between Native And Immigrant Workers: A Regional Analysis

Sources of wage differential between native and all immigrant, Asian, European, and Latin American workers are examined by estimating hedonic wage equations and employing wage differential decomposition methodology. In addition the extent of interregional differences in such differential is investigated. Results show that a large portion of the wage differential is due to the level and valuation of pre- and post-migration experiences and education. However, some portion of wage differential is due to wage discrimination (residual difference). These findings are by no means uniform for all ethnic groups or for all regions of the United States. The portion of wage differential attributable to possible discrimination is highest for Latin American and nonexistent for Europeans. Overall, the estimated levels of wage discrimination against immigrants are lower, and the regional pattern of these estimates is consistent with the findings of wage discrimination studies of blacks and women.