Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Preoperative Rehabilitation Training on the Early Recovery of Joint Function after Artificial Total Knee Arthroplasty and Its Effect Evaluation

Objective To study the effect of preoperative rehabilitation training on the rehabilitation of patients after total knee arthroplasty. Methods A total of 120 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis and undergoing total knee arthroplasty were selected and divided into experimental group and control group according to a random number table, with 60 cases in each group. The control group only carried out routine clinical nursing before the operation, and the experimental group used the formulated preoperative rehabilitation training method based on the control group for training. By comparing the visual analogue score (VAS), keen society score (KSS), postoperative time to get out of bed for the first time, patient satisfaction, and other related indicators between the two groups of patients, the recovery of keen joint function of patients after surgery was evaluated. Results The visual analogue scale (VAS) of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group at three days after operation. The keen society score (KSS) of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group at three days after surgery and one month after surgery. The time to get out of bed for the first time after operation in the experimental group (44.93 ± 13.63) was significantly less than that in the control group (78.33 ± 13.52). The patient satisfaction of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (88.30 ± 3.61). The above statistical results were all p < 0.05 of the two groups, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion Preoperative rehabilitation training can significantly reduce the pain of patients after knee replacement, improve the functional state of knee joints, shorten the time to get out of bed for the first time after surgery, and win the best recovery opportunity, which can better improve patient satisfaction in hospitalization and improve medical care services level.
An Improved Embedded Discrete Fracture Model with Fracture Growth for Water-Induced Fracture Simulation in Low Permeability Reservoirs

Water injection is often used to supply formation energy in low permeability reservoirs. A lot of field data shows that fractures nearby the wellbores may extend hundreds of meters because of the poor injectability which is called water-induced fractures. The presence of these fractures significantly changes the flow of injected water thus affecting the development effects. However, few studies of reservoir numerical simulation methods have been presented to simulate the dynamic changes of fractures in the long-term waterflooding process. This study is based on the embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) in which the fracture system has less dependence on the grid system. By improving the preprocessing algorithm, fracture growth can be considered in EDFM which is called the dynamic embedded discrete model (dEDFM). This new method provides an innovative idea for fracture propagation simulation by attaching new fracture elements to the original fractures once the failure criterion is satisfied. Meanwhile, there is no need to calculate the stress field once the in situ stress is provided, so the computational efficiency is greatly improved compared with the fluid-solid coupling method. Besides, dEDFM has a flexible way of handling fracture elements, so it is suitable for water-induced fracture simulation. Results show that fracture propagation speed is significantly influenced by matrix permeability, in situ stress, and injection intensity, and if the water-induced fractures propagate faster than the original waterfront movement velocity, changing law of the water content rate rising of production wells in different directions will be different. The contribution of this work lies in that it provides a suitable and efficient way for reservoir engineers to deal with water-induced fractures since the propagation of fractures can be considered when it comes to reservoir numerical simulation, and it is helpful for production data prediction and development adjustment in low permeability reservoirs.
Towards an Adaptive Strategic IT Governance Model for SMEs

Information technology (IT) can have a direct and indirect impact on business performance. New technologies change the risks at the strategic and governing levels of an enterprise. In the age of digitalization, we need to develop new understandings and approaches to governance and management. The most established IT governance (ITG) models, such as COBIT, ITIL and CMMI, are universal, one-size-fits-all models that are not in line with contingency theory and are predominantly designed for large multinational enterprises. They are too cumbersome and cost-intensive for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to use effectively. Therefore, there is a need to develop more efficient models that are contingency-based and easier to implement than existing models and thus adaptable to the actual needs of the business. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of key ITG mechanisms from the literature that clearly shows that several are not universally but situationally necessary, thus demonstrating the need for new contingency-based ITG models.
Pinning and Anharmonic Phonon Effect of Quasi-Free-Standing Bilayer Epitaxial Graphene on SiC

Epitaxial graphene on SiC without substrate interaction is viewed as one of the most promising two-dimensional (2D) materials in the microelectronics field. In this study, quasi-free-standing bilayer epitaxial graphene (QFSBEG) on SiC was fabricated by H2 intercalation under different time periods, and the temperature-dependent Raman spectra were recorded to evaluate the intrinsic structural difference generated by H2 time duration. The G peak thermal lineshift rates dω/dT showed that the H2 intercalation significantly weakened the pinning effect in epitaxial graphene. Furthermore, the G peak dω/dT value showed a perspicuous pinning effect disparity of QFSBEG samples. Additionally, the anharmonic phonon effect was investigated from the Raman lineshift of peaks. The physical mechanism responsible for dominating the G-mode temperature-dependent behavior among samples with different substrate coupling effects was elucidated. The phonon decay process of different samples was compared as the temperature increased. The evolution from in situ grown graphene to QFSBEG was determined. This study will expand the understanding of QFSBEG and pave a new way for its fabrication.
A Comparative Analysis of Adopters and Non‐adopters of Drip Irrigation under Plastic Tunnels for Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Production in Balochistan, Pakistan

This research tries to compare the water use efficiency, electricity efficiency and economic efficiency of adopters and non‐adopters of drip irrigation under plastic tunnels (DIUPT). Data regarding the socio‐economic conditions of farmers and their views on the advantages and disadvantages of the DIUPT were collected through a questionnaire survey of 200 farmers. For expenses, income, electricity efficiency and water use efficiency, we collected data only from the sample farmers, i.e. one adopter and one non‐adopter. Results also revealed that the total horsepower (HP) hours of water per acre used for drip‐irrigated cucumber under plastic tunnels was 240 compared to 576 HP hours for the flood method of irrigation, thereby saving 58% (336 HP hours) of energy. In other words, with the same amount of water used for irrigating 1 acre of cucumber under flood irrigation, 2.4 acres of cucumber could be irrigated using drip irrigation. Realizing about 51% higher yields under drip irrigation, adopters enjoy 40% higher returns than non‐adopter farmers. The study recommends dissemination of information to farmers about DIUPT through training and seminars. Adoption of these technologies would lead to efficient and sustainable use of already depleting water resources in the drought‐prone province of Balochistan.
A Global Perspective of Racial–Ethnic Inequities in Dental Caries: Protocol of Systematic Review

Though current evidence suggests that racial–ethnic inequities in dental caries persist over time and across space, their magnitude is currently unknown from a global perspective. This systematic review aims to quantify the magnitude of racial/ethnic inequities in dental caries and to deconstruct the different taxonomies/concepts/methods used for racial/ethnic categorization across different populations/nations. This review has been registered in PROSPERO; CRD42021282771. An electronic search of all relevant databases will be conducted until December 2021 for both published and unpublished literature. Studies will be eligible if they include data on the prevalence or severity of dental caries assessed by the decayed, missing, filled teeth index (DMFT), according to indicators of race-ethnicity. A narrative synthesis of included studies and a random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted. Forest plots will be constructed to assess the difference in effect size for the occurrence of dental caries. Study quality will be determined via the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the GRADE approach will be used for assessing the quality of evidence. This systematic review will enhance knowledge of the magnitude of racial/ethnic inequities in dental caries globally by providing important benchmark data on which to base interventions to mitigate the problem and to visualize the effects of racism on oral health.
Super wideband printed monopole antenna for ultra wideband applications

This paper presents the design, testing, and analysis of a clover structured monopole antenna for super wideband applications. The proposed antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth (−10 dB bandwidth) from 1.9 GHz to frequency over 30 GHz. The clover shaped antenna with a compact size of 50 mm × 45 mm is designed and fabricated on an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Parametric study has been performed by varying the parameters of the clover to obtain an optimum wide band characteristics. Furthermore, the prototype introduces a method of achieving super wide bandwidth by deploying fusion of elliptical patch geometries (clover shaped) with a semi elliptical ground plane, loaded with a V-cut at the ground. The proposed antenna has a 14 dB bandwidth from 5.9 to 13.1 GHz, which is suitable for ultra wideband (UWB) outdoor propagation. The prototype is experimentally validated for frequencies within and greater than UWB. Transfer function, impulse response, and group delay has been plotted in order to address the time domain characteristics of the proposed antenna with fidelity factor values. The possible applications cover wireless local area network, C-band, Ku-band, K-band operations, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, and Wireless USB.
Multisensory Environments for Outcomes of Occupational Engagement in Dementia: A Systematic Review

Abstract Aim To summarize the available evidence on the effects of multisensory environments (MSE) for improving occupational engagement for people with dementia living in long-term care facilities. Methods Seven databases were searched. The methodological quality of each study was assessed for the risk of bias. Results Ten studies were included in the review. Nine studies used MSE in a dedicated space, such as Snoezelen room and one used a natural MSE. Only one study used MSE as part of a task-oriented treatment plan. The included studies showed the benefits of MSE on some outcomes of occupational engagement, such as decreased agitation, improved mood and behavior, and increased environmental and social interaction. Other outcomes of interest were cognition, quality of life, balance, and ADL engagement. Conclusions MSE may be used to decrease behavioral and psychological symptoms and improve mood, which may increase occupational engagement in residents of long-term care facilities who have dementia.
Study on the Hydrophobic Modification of MTES/NH3 Vapor Surface Treatment for SiO2 Broadband Anti-Reflection Coating

In this article, ammonia and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) were chosen as vapor phase modifiers for the base-catalyzed SiO2 film. The surface of the film became more dense because of the hydroxyl condensation under the catalyst of ammonia, while the introduction of methyl groups by MTES of vapor treatment hindered the condensation to avoid over-change in film thickness. The hydrophobic of film was improved while the surface roughness of the film increased after treatment. The treated double-layer broadband anti-reflection (AR) coating retains high optical properties with the transmittance of 99.61%, 98.85%, and 99.16% at 355 nm, 532 nm, and 1064 nm, respectively. After exposing to the high humidity condition for 30 days, the broadband AR coating after treatment shows good optical durability, and the transmittance at 355 nm only drops by 0.12%. This vapor surface treatment can find potential application in high-power laser systems and solar cells.
Static and Dynamic Balance and Injury Prevalence in Snowboard Instructors

Background. Snowboarding is a quite popular winter sport, though associated with the risk of injury. Aim: to determine the relationship between sport injuries and static and dynamic balance in snowboard instructors. Methods. The study included snowboard instructors from Ontario, Canada. Questionnaires were given before and after the winter season to obtain injury history. Static balance was evaluated with a Wii Balance Board. Dynamic balance was evaluated using the Y balance test. The results were compared between different genders, age and days on-snow per season. Results. Male snowboard instructors had, on average, higher static balance scores than the females. Both male and female scores for testing with eyes closed were significantly lower than with eyes open. The female snowboard instructors had, on average, higher dynamic balance scores than the males. However, for eyes closed testing, female snowboarders’ scores were noticeably better than the males’ scores. Nine of out twenty snowboard instructors had sustained one or more injuries in the past snowboarding season. One female and one male sustained two injuries each, and in total there were ten injuries amongst twenty snowboarders. Conclusions. There was no significant difference between prevalence of injury and balance amongst different genders. Keyword: snowboarding, sports injuries, static balance, dynamic balance.
Comparative Analysis of Type 1 and Type Z Protein Phosphatases Reveals D615 as a Key Residue for Ppz1 Regulation

Type 1 Ser/Thr protein phosphatases are represented in all fungi by two enzymes, the ubiquitous PP1, with a conserved catalytic polypeptide (PP1c) and numerous regulatory subunits, and PPZ, with a C-terminal catalytic domain related to PP1c and a variable N-terminal extension. Current evidence indicates that, although PP1 and PPZ enzymes might share some cellular targets and regulatory subunits, their functions are quite separated, and they have individual regulation. We explored the structures of PP1c and PPZ across 57 fungal species to identify those features that (1) are distinctive among these enzymes and (2) have been preserved through evolution. PP1c enzymes are more conserved than PPZs. Still, we identified 26 residues in the PP1 and PPZ catalytic moieties that are specific for each kind of phosphatase. In some cases, these differences likely affect the distribution of charges in the surface of the protein. In many fungi, Hal3 is a specific inhibitor of the PPZ phosphatases, although the basis for the interaction of these proteins is still obscure. By in vivo co-purification of the catalytic domain of ScPpz1 and ScHal3, followed by chemical cross-linking and MS analysis, we identified a likely Hal3-interacting region in ScPpz1 characterized by two major and conserved differences, D566 and D615 in ScPpz1, which correspond to K210 and K259 in ScPP1c (Glc7). Functional analysis showed that changing D615 to K renders Ppz1 refractory to Hal3 inhibition. Since ScHal3 does not regulate Glc7 but it inhibits all fungal PPZ tested so far, this conserved D residue could be pivotal for the differential regulation of both enzymes in fungi.
Spine Metastases in Immunocompromised Mice after Intracardiac Injection of MDA-MB-231-SCP2 Breast Cancer Cells

Simple Summary Breast cancer cells typically metastasize to bone, where their interaction with bone remodeling cell types enhances metastatic outgrowth and osteolytic bone destruction. The respective knowledge is largely based on xenograft models, where human breast cancer cells are injected into immunocompromised mice. Importantly, however, whereas skeletal analyses in these animals are usually restricted to hindlimb bones, human skeletal metastases are far more frequent in the spine. Therefore, our study addressed the question, if breast cancer cells injected into immunocompromised mice would also metastasize to the spine, and if this process is influenced by the amount of trabecular bone. We injected an established breast cancer cell line into immunocompromised mice with or without a transgene causing severe osteoporosis. Importantly, we found more tumor cell clusters of different size in spine sections than in femora, but the presence of the transgene did not affect their spreading and metastatic outgrowth. Abstract Breast cancer cells frequently metastasize to bone, where their interaction with bone remodeling cell types enhances osteolytic bone destruction. Importantly, however, whereas skeletal analyses of xenograft models are usually restricted to hindlimb bones, human skeletal metastases are far more frequent in the spine, where trabecular bone mass is higher compared to femur or tibia. Here, we addressed whether breast cancer cells injected into immunocompromised mice metastasize to the spine and if this process is influenced by the amount of trabecular bone. We also took advantage of mice carrying the Col1a1-Krm2 transgene, which display severe osteoporosis. After crossing this transgene into the immunocompromised NSG background we injected MDA-MB-231-SCP2 breast cancer cells and analyzed their distribution three weeks thereafter. We identified more tumor cells and clusters of different size in spine sections than in femora, which allowed influences on bone remodeling cell types to be analyzed by comparing tumor-free to tumor-burdened areas. Unexpectedly, the Col1a1-Krm2 transgene did not affect spreading and metastatic outgrowth of MDA-MB-231-SCP2 cells, suggesting that bone tumor interactions are more relevant at later stages of metastatic progression.
Antibacterial Potential of Extracts and Phytoconstituents Isolated from Syncarpia hillii Leaves In Vitro

(1) Background: Rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest threats to global health, affecting individuals regardless of age. Medicinal plants are widely used in traditional medicine to prevent and attenuate infectious conditions with minimal adverse effects. However, only a few have been phytochemically investigated for their medicinal properties and subsequent biological activities. Syncarpia hillii, a plant traditionally used by Indigenous Australians to treat sores, wounds, and skin infections, is no exception. (2) Methods: Primary extracts obtained from mature S. hillii leaves were evaluated for their antibacterial potential against 19 bacterial strains. The methanol extract was subjected to compound isolation and identification due to its preliminary bactericidal efficacy. (3) Results: Staphylococcal species were the most susceptible bacterial strain with a MIC value of 0.63 mg/mL to the S. hillii methanol extract. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide and shikimic acid isolated from S. hillii methanol leaf extracts exhibited enhanced antibacterial effects against the tested bacteria with quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide eliciting a MIC value of 0.78 µg/mL against E. faecalis. (4) Conclusions: S. hillii leaves are comprised of bioactive compounds that are bactericidal against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming

Plants offer several unique advantages in the production of recombinant pharmaceuticals for humans and animals. Although numerous recombinant proteins have been expressed in plants, only a small fraction have been successfully put into use. The hugely distinct expression systems between plant and animal cells frequently cause insufficient yield of the recombinant proteins with poor or undesired activity. To overcome the issues that greatly constrain the development of plant-produced pharmaceuticals, great efforts have been made to improve expression systems and develop alternative strategies to increase both the quantity and quality of the recombinant proteins. Recent technological revolutions, such as targeted genome editing, deconstructed vectors, virus-like particles, and humanized glycosylation, have led to great advances in plant molecular farming to meet the industrial manufacturing and clinical application standards. In this review, we discuss the technological advances made in various plant expression platforms, with special focus on the upstream designs and milestone achievements in improving the yield and glycosylation of the plant-produced pharmaceutical proteins.
Design Options of Control Rod for Low Enriched Uranium Fueled NIRR-1 Using Monte Carlo N-Particle Code

Design Options of Control Rod for Low Enriched Uranium Fueled NIRR-1 Using Monte Carlo N-Particle Code NIRR-1 like other Commercial MNSRs has single control rod performing all safety functions. Feasibility studies have shown that UO2 fuel enriched to 12.5% can be used for the conversion of MNSRs to LEU. However, this conversion would require modification to the single control rod to maintain same safety margins as the current HEU core. Consequently, the MCNP Code was used to design 3 variants of control rod for proposed LEU Core. Since the main objective of conversion is simply to propose replacing the existing HEU core, the control rods were designed to fit into the existing core configuration. Neutronics calculations for the third case indicate that the shutdown margin and safety reactivity factor are equal to or greater than the data for the current HEU core.
A Brief Study on Diabetes Mellitus: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis

Background: This article reviews published articles and existing diagnostic and therapeutic techniques relevant to adolescents with obesity and diabetes mellitus. Obesity, in addition to DIABETES MELLITUS, is a crucial risk factor for the occurrence of future chronic and noncommunicable diseases. Obese and overweight teenagers are more prone to acquire Adult Onset Diabetes, formerly rare among the younger population. However, a global trend of Adult Onset Diabetes was noted in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In the United States and the United Kingdom, and other developing and developed countries, this is particularly true. Adult Onset Diabetes is nearly as common as Insulin Dependent Diabetes in some locations. There has been a significant surge in the prevalence and severity of obesity in several population groups in teenagers. Objective and Methodology: To read and review the existing literature on the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and obesity in adolescence. About 15 articles and literature were studied using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engine to produce a detailed review article on the topic of interest so chosen. Results and Conclusion: After reviewing the articles, we can agree that TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS is linked easily to young adults who are obese, that is, having a Body Mass Index of more than 30 or more than 30. TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS causes destruction of receptors for insulin which results in an increased level of glucose, causing various diseases. Obesity in young adults is a critical factor in the occurrence of Adult Onset Diabetes which makes them at risk of developing severe diseases in the 3rd or 4th decade of life.