Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dexrazoxane does not protect against Doxorubicin-induced damage in the young rat by

Doxorubicin (DOX), an anti-cancer drug, causes a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Some evidence suggests that female children have an increased risk for DOX-mediated cardiac damage. To determine if the iron chelator Dexrazoxane (DXR) could reduce DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in the young we injected day 10 neonate female and male rat pups with a single dose of saline or DOX, DXR or DXR+DOX (20:1 ratio). We followed body weight gain with growth, measured cardiac hypertrophy after a 2-week swim exercise program, markers of apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, BNIP1, caspase 3 activation), oxidative stress (heme oxygenase 1, protein carbonyl levels), the chaperone protein Clusterin, and the transcriptional activator Egr-1 in hearts of non-exercised and exercised rats on neonate day 38. All DOX-alone and DXR+DOX-treated rats showed decreased weight gain with female rats affected earlier than male rats. DXR-alone, DOX-alone and DXR+DOX treated rats had an increased heart to body weight (HW/BW) ratio after the exercise program with female rats showing the largest increase in HW/BW. Drugtreated females also showed increased cardiac apoptosis, as measured by the increased expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and BNIP1 and the appearance of caspase 3 activation products, and oxidative stress, as measured by increased heme oxygenase 1 expression, and reduced Egr-1 and Clusterin expression when compared to the similarly treated male rats. We conclude that DXR pre-injection did not reduce DOX-induced non-cardiac and cardiac damage and that young female rats were more susceptible to DXR and DOX toxicities than age-matched male rats.
Synergistic Self-supervised and Quantization Learning

With the success of self-supervised learning (SSL), it has become a mainstream paradigm to fine-tune from self-supervised pretrained models to boost the performance on downstream tasks. However, we find that current SSL models suffer severe accuracy drops when performing low-bit quantization, prohibiting their deployment in resource-constrained applications. In this paper, we propose a method called synergistic self-supervised and quantization learning (SSQL) to pretrain quantization-friendly self-supervised models facilitating downstream deployment. SSQL contrasts the features of the quantized and full precision models in a self-supervised fashion, where the bit-width for the quantized model is randomly selected in each step. SSQL not only significantly improves the accuracy when quantized to lower bit-widths, but also boosts the accuracy of full precision models in most cases. By only training once, SSQL can then benefit various downstream tasks at different bit-widths simultaneously. Moreover, the bit-width flexibility is achieved without additional storage overhead, requiring only one copy of weights during training and inference. We theoretically analyze the optimization process of SSQL, and conduct exhaustive experiments on various benchmarks to further demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. Our code is available at https://github.com/megvii-research/SSQL-ECCV2022.
Can Language Models perform Abductive Commonsense Reasoning?

Abductive Reasoning is a task of inferring the most plausible hypothesis given a set of observations. In literature, the community has approached to solve this challenge by classifying/generating a likely hypothesis that does not contradict with a past observation and future observation. Some of the most well-known benchmarks that tackle this problem are aNLI and aNLG (pronounced as alpha-NLI and alpha-NLG). In this report, I review over some of the methodologies that were attempted to solve this challenge, re-implement the baseline models, and analyze some of the weaknesses that current approaches have. The code and the re-implemented results are available at this link.
Joint Ranging and Phase Offset Estimation for Multiple Drones Using ADS-B Signatures

A new method for joint ranging and Phase Offset (PO) estimation of multiple drones/aircrafts is proposed in this paper. The proposed method employs the superimposed uncoordinated Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) packets broadcasted by drones/aircrafts for joint range and PO estimation. It jointly estimates range and PO prior to ADS-B packet decoding; thus, it can improve air safety when packet decoding is infeasible due to packet collision. Moreover, it enables coherent detection of ADS-B packets, which can result in more reliable multiple target tracking in aviation systems using cooperative sensors for detect and avoid (DAA). By minimizing the Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KLD) statistical distance measure, we show that the received complex baseband signal coming from $K$ uncoordinated drones/aircrafts corrupted by Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) at a single antenna receiver can be approximated by an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Gaussian Mixture (GM) with $2^{K}$ mixture components in the two-dimensional (2D) plane. While direct joint Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) of range and PO from the derived GM Probability Density Function (PDF) leads to an intractable maximization, our proposed method employs the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the modes of the 2D Gaussian mixture followed by a reordering estimation technique through combinatorial optimization to estimate range and PO. An extension to a multiple antenna receiver is also investigated in this article. While the proposed estimator can estimate the range of multiple drones/aircrafts with a single receive antenna, a larger number of drones/aircrafts can be supported with higher accuracy by the use of multiple antennas at the receiver. The effectiveness of the proposed estimator is supported by simulation results. We show that the proposed estimator can jointly estimate the range of multiple drones/aircrafts accurately.
Offline Equilibrium Finding

Offline reinforcement learning (offline RL) is an emerging field that has recently begun gaining attention across various application domains due to its ability to learn strategies from earlier collected datasets. Offline RL proved very successful, paving a path to solving previously intractable real-world problems, and we aim to generalize this paradigm to a multiplayer-game setting. To this end, we introduce a problem of offline equilibrium finding (OEF) and construct multiple types of datasets across a wide range of games using several established methods. To solve the OEF problem, we design a model-based framework that can directly apply any online equilibrium finding algorithm to the OEF setting while making minimal changes. The three most prominent contemporary online equilibrium finding algorithms are adapted to the context of OEF, creating three model-based variants: OEF-PSRO and OEF-CFR, which generalize the widely-used algorithms PSRO and Deep CFR to compute Nash equilibria (NEs), and OEF-JPSRO, which generalizes the JPSRO to calculate (Coarse) Correlated equilibria ((C)CEs). We also combine the behavior cloning policy with the model-based policy to further improve the performance and provide a theoretical guarantee of the solution quality. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over offline RL algorithms and the importance of using model-based methods for OEF problems. We hope our work will contribute to advancing research in large-scale equilibrium finding.
Identification and Control of a Soft-Robotic Bladder Towards Impedance-Style Haptic Terrain Display

This letter evaluates the capabilities of a soft robotic pneumatic actuator derived from the terrain display haptic device, the “Smart Shoe. ” The bladder design of the Smart Shoe is upgraded to include a pressure supply and greater output flow capabilities. Forcing characteristics are identified and incorporated as feedforward terms in a sliding-mode tracking controller to provide impedance control. A bench top setup is created to rigorously test this new type of actuator. The bandwidth and stiffness capability are evaluated relative to forces and displacements encountered during human gait. Four force vs. displacement profiles relevant to haptic terrain display are proposed and evaluated. It was found that the actuator could sustain a stiffness similar to a soft-soled shoe on concrete, as well as other terrain (sand, dirt, etc.). Compressions of the bladder done at 20 mm/s, which is similar to the speed of human gait, showed promising results in tracking a desired force trajectory. The results in this letter show this actuator can display haptic terrain trajectories, providing a basis for future wearable haptic terrain display devices.
Opportunistic Wiretapping/Jamming: A New Attack Model in Millimeter-Wave Wireless Networks

While the millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is less susceptible against the conventional wiretapping attack due to its short transmission range and directivity, this paper proposes a new opportunistic wiretapping and jamming (OWJ) attack model in mmWave wireless networks. With OWJ, an attacker can opportunistically conduct wiretapping or jamming to initiate a more hazardous attack based on the instantaneous costs of wiretapping and jamming. We also provide three realizations of the OWJ attack, which are mainly determined by the cost models relevant to distance, path loss and received power, respectively. To understand the impact of the new attack on mmWave network security, we first develop novel approximation techniques to characterize the irregular distributions of wiretappers, jammers and interferers under three OWJ realizations. With the help of the results of node distributions, we then derive analytical expressions for the secrecy transmission capacity to depict the network security performance under OWJ. Finally, we provide extensive numerical results to illustrate the effect of OWJ and to demonstrate that the new attack can more significantly degrade the network security performance than the pure wiretapping or jamming attack.
Quick Ultra-VIolet Kilonova surveyor (QUVIK)

We present a proposal for a near-UV space telescope on a ∼70kg micro-satellite with a moderately fast repointing capability and a near real-time alert communication system that has been proposed in response to a call for an ambitious Czech national mission. The mission, which has recently been approved for Phase 0, A, and B1 study shall measure the brightness evolution of kilonovae, resulting from mergers of neutron stars in the near-UV band and thus it shall distinguish between different explosion scenarios. Between the observations of transient sources, the satellite shall perform observations of other targets of interest, a large part of which will be chosen in open competition.
The emergence of bubble-induced scaling in thermal spectra in turbulence

Abstract We report on the modification of the spectrum of a passive scalar inside a turbulent flow by the injection of large bubbles. Although the spectral modification through bubbles is well known and well analysed for the velocity fluctuations, little is known on how bubbles change the fluctuations of an approximately passive scalar, in our case temperature. Here we uncover the thermal spectral scaling behaviour of a turbulent multiphase thermal mixing layer. The development of a $-3$ spectral scaling is triggered. By injecting large bubbles (${Re}_{{bub}} = {O}(10^2)$) with gas volume fractions $\alpha$ up to 5 %. For these bubbly flows, the $-5/3$ scaling is still observed at intermediate frequencies for low $\alpha$ but becomes less pronounced when $\alpha$ further increases and it is followed by a steeper $-3$ slope for larger frequencies. This $-3$ scaling range extends with increasing gas volume fraction. The $-3$ scaling exponent coincides with the typical energy spectral scaling for the velocity fluctuations in high-Reynolds-number bubbly flows. We identify the frequency scale of the transition from the $-5/3$ scaling to the $-3$ scaling and show how it depends on the gas volume fraction.
New Stringy Physics beyond Quantum Mechanics from the Feynman Path Integral

By investigating the Feynman Path Integral we prove that elementary quantum particle dynamics are directly associated to single compact (cyclic) world-line parameters, playing the role of the particles’ internal clock, implicit in ordinary undulatory mechanics and indirectly observed for instance in Time Crystals. This allows us to formulate a novel purely four-dimensional stringy description of elementary particles as possible physics beyond quantum mechanics. The novelty of this approach is that quantum mechanics originates from a non-trivial compact nature of the minkowskian space-time. Our result is a further evidence in support of Elementary Cycles Theory (ECT), which in previous papers has been proven to be consistent with known physics from theoretical particle physics to condensed matter. Here we provide additional conceptual arguments in support to this novel uniﬁed scenario of quantum and relativistic physics, potentially deterministic, and fully falsiﬁable having no ﬁne-tunable parameters. The ﬁrst evidences of such new physics characterized by ultra-fast cyclic time dynamics will be observed by probing quantum phenomena with experimental time accuracy of the order of 10 − 21 sec . Considerations about the emergence of the arrow of time from the realm of pure, zero temperature, quantum physics governed by intrinsic time periodicity are also provided. Concerning Einstein’s dilemma “God does not play dice” we conclude that, all in all, “God” would have no fun playing quantum dice.
Temperature-shift-suppression scheme for two-photon two-color rubidium vapor clocks

We propose a new scheme for interrogating a warm rubidium vapor using two different clock lasers. Performance-wise, this approach is distinctly different from the recently proposed two-color two-photon rubidium clocks as our scheme does not trade off the AC Stark suppression against an increased sensitivity to the cell-temperature/pressure. Instead, our approach compensates all, the AC-Stark shift and the temperature&pressure-induced frequency shifts. The proposed scheme also makes use of the modulation transfer technique, which enables a two-orders of magnitude increase in the signal-to-noise ratio compared to traditional clocks that rely on fluorescence measurements.
Breaching the 2 LMP Approximation Barrier for Facility Location with Applications to k-Median

The Uncapacitated Facility Location (UFL) problem is one of the most fundamental clustering problems: Given a set of clients $C$ and a set of facilities $F$ in a metric space $(C \cup F, dist)$ with facility costs $open : F \to \mathbb{R}^+$, the goal is to find a set of facilities $S \subseteq F$ to minimize the sum of the opening cost $open(S)$ and the connection cost $d(S) := \sum_{p \in C} \min_{c \in S} dist(p, c)$. An algorithm for UFL is called a Lagrangian Multiplier Preserving (LMP) $\alpha$ approximation if it outputs a solution $S\subseteq F$ satisfying $open(S) + d(S) \leq open(S^*) + \alpha d(S^*)$ for any $S^* \subseteq F$. The best-known LMP approximation ratio for UFL is at most $2$ by the JMS algorithm of Jain, Mahdian, and Saberi based on the Dual-Fitting technique. We present a (slightly) improved LMP approximation algorithm for UFL. This is achieved by combining the Dual-Fitting technique with Local Search, another popular technique to address clustering problems. From a conceptual viewpoint, our result gives a theoretical evidence that local search can be enhanced so as to avoid bad local optima by choosing the initial feasible solution with LP-based techniques. Using the framework of bipoint solutions, our result directly implies a (slightly) improved approximation for the $k$-Median problem from 2.6742 to 2.67059.
HEAD: HEtero-Assists Distillation for Heterogeneous Object Detectors

Conventional knowledge distillation (KD) methods for object detection mainly concentrate on homogeneous teacher-student detectors. However, the design of a lightweight detector for deployment is often significantly different from a high-capacity detector. Thus, we investigate KD among heterogeneous teacher-student pairs for a wide application. We observe that the core difficulty for heterogeneous KD (hetero-KD) is the significant semantic gap between the backbone features of heterogeneous detectors due to the different optimization manners. Conventional homogeneous KD (homo-KD) methods suffer from such a gap and are hard to directly obtain satisfactory performance for hetero-KD. In this paper, we propose the HEtero-Assists Distillation (HEAD) framework, leveraging heterogeneous detection heads as assistants to guide the optimization of the student detector to reduce this gap. In HEAD, the assistant is an additional detection head with the architecture homogeneous to the teacher head attached to the student backbone. Thus, a hetero-KD is transformed into a homo-KD, allowing efficient knowledge transfer from the teacher to the student. Moreover, we extend HEAD into a Teacher-Free HEAD (TF-HEAD) framework when a well-trained teacher detector is unavailable. Our method has achieved significant improvement compared to current detection KD methods. For example, on the MS-COCO dataset, TF-HEAD helps R18 RetinaNet achieve 33.9 mAP (+2.2), while HEAD further pushes the limit to 36.2 mAP (+4.5).
An adiabatic oracle for Grover's algorithm

Grover’s search algorithm was originally proposed for circuit-based quantum computers. A crucial part of it is to query an oracle — a black-box unitary operation. Generation of this oracle is formally beyond the original algorithm design. Here, we propose a realization of Grover’s oracle for a large class of searching problems using a quantum annealing step. The time of this step grows only logarithmically with the size of the database. This suggests an eﬃcient path to application of Grover’s algorithm to practically important problems, such as ﬁnding the ground state of a Hamiltonian with a spectral gap over its ground state.
SRR loaded periwinkle flower shaped fractal antenna for multiband applications

The split ring resonator (SRR) loaded periwinkle flower (PWF) shaped fractal antenna for multiband applications are presented. The CPW‐Fed antenna consists of SRR, which is fixed on the back side of the FR4 and periwinkle petals which are etched on top of the FR4 i.e., on the circular patch. The periwinkle flower‐shaped irregular fractal patch is erected on the substrate whose dimensions are Ws × Ls × h mm3 and the ground is also modified (MG) to achieve multiple frequency bands covering 3.476 GHz at S‐band, 4.844 GHz at C‐band, 8.3 GHz also 10.28 GHz at X‐band, 17.76 GHz and at Ku‐band. Parametric analysis and measured antenna device results are also presented.
Coding for Trace Reconstruction over Multiple Channels with Vanishing Deletion Probabilities

Motivated by DNA-based storage applications, we study the problem of reconstructing a coded sequence from multiple traces. We consider the model where the traces are outputs of independent deletion channels, where each channel deletes each bit of the input codeword x∈{0,1}n independently with probability p. We focus on the regime where the deletion probability p → 0 when n → ∞. Our main contribution is designing a novel code for trace reconstruction that allows reconstructing a coded sequence efficiently from a constant number of traces. We provide theoretical results on the performance of our code in addition to simulation results where we compare the performance of our code to other reconstruction techniques in terms of the edit distance error.
The X–shooter/ALMA Sample of Quasars in the Epoch of Reionization. II. Black Hole Masses, Eddington Ratios, and the Formation of the First Quasars

We present measurements of black hole masses and Eddington ratios (λ Edd) for a sample of 38 bright (M 1450 < −24.4 mag) quasars at 5.8 ≲ z ≲ 7.5, derived from Very Large Telescope/X–shooter near–IR spectroscopy of their broad C iv and Mg ii emission lines. The black hole masses (on average, M BH ∼ 4.6 × 109 M ⊙) and accretion rates (0.1 ≲ λ Edd ≲ 1.0) are broadly consistent with that of similarly luminous 0.3 ≲ z ≲ 2.3 quasars, but there is evidence for a mild increase in the Eddington ratio above z ≳ 6. Combined with deep Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the [C II] 158 μm line from the host galaxies and VLT/MUSE investigations of the extended Lyα halos, this study provides fundamental clues to models of the formation and growth of the first massive galaxies and black holes. Compared to local scaling relations, z ≳ 5.7 black holes appear to be over-massive relative to their hosts, with accretion properties that do not change with host galaxy morphologies. Assuming that the kinematics of the T ∼ 104 K gas, traced by the extended Lyα halos, are dominated by the gravitational potential of the dark matter halo, we observe a similar relation between black hole mass and circular velocity as reported for z ∼ 0 galaxies. These results paint a picture where the first supermassive black holes reside in massive halos at z ≳ 6 and lead the first stages of galaxy formation by rapidly growing in mass with a duty cycle of order unity. The duty cycle needs to drastically drop toward lower redshifts, while the host galaxies continue forming stars at a rate of hundreds of solar masses per year, sustained by the large reservoirs of cool gas surrounding them.
A search for compact object companions to high mass function single-lined spectroscopic binaries in Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 provides >181, 000 radial velocity solutions for single-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB1s) which can be used to search for non-interacting compact object+star binary candidates by selecting systems with large mass functions. We selected 234 such systems and identified 115 systems with good RV solutions in DR3. We used light curves from ASAS-SN and TESS to identify and remove 31 eclipsing binaries to produce a catalog of 80 compact object+star candidates, including 38 ellipsoidal variables. The positions of these candidates on Gaia and 2MASS CMDs suggest that many of these systems are binaries with luminous companions. We compared the periods and eccentricities of detached eclipsing binaries in Gaia DR3 and ASAS-SN, and found that ${\sim }11~{{\%}}$ and ${\sim }60~{{\%}}$ of the binaries had different periods and eccentricities. We also compared RV solutions for 311 binaries in both Gaia DR3 and the Ninth Catalog of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (SB9), and found similar results. We do not identify any strong candidates for non-interacting compact object+star binaries.
Banach-Mazur Distance from $\ell_p^3$ to $\ell_\infty^3$

The maximum of the Banach-Mazur distance d MBM ( X,ℓ n ∞ ), where X ranges over the set of all n -dimensional real Banach spaces, is diﬃcult to compute. In fact, it is already not easy to get the maximum of d MBM ( ℓ np ,ℓ n ∞ ) for all p ∈ [1 , ∞ ]. We prove that d MBM ( ℓ 3 p ,ℓ 3 ∞ ) ≤ 9 / 5 , ∀ p ∈ [1 , ∞ ]. As an application, the following result related to Borsuk’s partition problem in Banach spaces is obtained: any subset A of ℓ 3 p having diameter 1 is the union of 8 subsets of A whose diameters are at most 0 . 9.