Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
I will write about: Investigating multiword expressions in prospective students’ argumentative writing

Multiword expressions are a contiguous series of words in a text. This study examines the phraseological profile based on multiword expressions in argumentative writings in a 120,000-word collection of nonnative prospective university students’ writing. The profile is compared with two sets of American university students’ writing from two corpora that comprise upper-level American university students’ course papers and argumentative essay texts. The data are investigated both quantitatively and qualitatively in terms of the structure (i.e., noun, verb, and prepositional phrases) and function (i.e., stance, referential, and text organizer). The results show some noticeable differences among these sets of writing. The Korean student writers heavily relied on verb phrase-based expressions (e.g., are a lot of) in their writing whereas the American students preferred noun phrases. Functionally, the Korean writers underused referential function expressions (e.g., the idea of the) compared to their counterparts. In addition, the prospective Korean university students’ writing was found to represent the widest range of multiword expressions whereas the American students’ argumentative course papers exhibited the smallest range. The findings suggest that prospective Korean university students’ writing tends to use more features of verbal conversation while American university students’ writing exhibits features of structured argumentative writing. The implications for teaching writing and limitations of the study are discussed.
Combined inhibition of Ref‐1 and STAT3 leads to synergistic tumour inhibition in multiple cancers using 3D and in vivo tumour co‐culture models

With a plethora of molecularly targeted agents under investigation in cancer, a clear need exists to understand which pathways can be targeted simultaneously with multiple agents to elicit a maximal killing effect on the tumour. Combination therapy provides the most promise in difficult to treat cancers such as pancreatic. Ref‐1 is a multifunctional protein with a role in redox signalling that activates transcription factors such as NF‐κB, AP‐1, HIF‐1α and STAT3. Formerly, we have demonstrated that dual targeting of Ref‐1 (redox factor‐1) and STAT3 is synergistic and decreases cell viability in pancreatic cancer cells. Data presented here extensively expands upon this work and provides further insights into the relationship of STAT3 and Ref‐1 in multiple cancer types. Using targeted small molecule inhibitors, Ref‐1 redox signalling was blocked along with STAT3 activation, and tumour growth evaluated in the presence and absence of the relevant tumour microenvironment. Our study utilized qPCR, cytotoxicity and in vivo analysis of tumour and cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF) response to determine the synergy of Ref‐1 and STAT3 inhibitors. Overall, pancreatic tumours grown in the presence of CAFs were sensitized to the combination of STAT3 and Ref‐1 inhibition in vivo. In vitro bladder and pancreatic cancer demonstrated the most synergistic responses. By disabling both of these important pathways, this combination therapy has the capacity to hinder crosstalk between the tumour and its microenvironment, leading to improved tumour response.
The impact of funding for federally qualified health centers on utilization and emergency department visits in Massachusetts

Importance Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) receive federal funding to serve medically underserved areas and provide a range of services including comprehensive primary care, enabling services, and behavioral health care. Greater funding for FQHCs could increase the local availability of clinic-based care and help reduce more costly resource use, such as emergency department visits (ED). Objective To examine the impact of funding increases for FQHCs after the ACA on the use of FQHCs and EDs. Methods Retrospective study using the Massachusetts All Payer Claims Database (APCD) 2010–2013 that included APCD enrollees in 559 Massachusetts ZIP codes (N = 6,173,563 in 2010). We calculated shift-share predictions of changes in FQHC funding at the ZIP code-level for FQHCs that received Community Health Center funds in any year, 2010–13 (N = 31). Outcomes were the number of ZIP code enrollees with visits to FQHCs and EDs, overall and for emergent and non-emergent diagnoses. Results In 2010, 4% of study subjects visited a FQHC, and they were more likely to be younger, have Medicaid, and live in low-income areas. We found that a standard deviation increase in prior year FQHC funding (+31 percentage point (pp)) at the ZIP code level was associated with a 2.3pp (95% CI 0.7pp to 3.8pp) increase in enrollees with FQHC visits and a 1.3pp (95% CI -2.3pp to -0.3pp) decrease in enrollees with non-emergent ED visits, but no significant change in emergent ED visits (0.3pp, 95% CI -0.8pp to 1.4pp). Conclusions We found that areas exposed to greater FQHC funding increases had more growth in the number of enrollees seen by FQHCs and greater reductions in ED visits for non-emergent conditions. Investment in FQHCs could be a promising approach to increase access to care for underserved populations and reduce costly ED visits, especially for primary care treatable or non-emergent conditions.
COVID-19 and Tinnitus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, brings with it a plethora of health concerns. Although most people have mild symptoms, which are respiratory in nature, some experience neurological symptoms, central nervous system manifestations, peripheral nervous manifestations, and skeletal muscle manifestations. But the damaging impact of COVID-19 virus on the hearing organs in the inner ear is a new finding yet to be explored. Currently, there is little evidence published connecting novel coronavirus and tinnitus directly. But according to the American Tinnitus Association, preexisting behavioral conditions make it more likely for patients to experience tinnitus due to the stress and depression associated with social isolation and infection avoidance. Hearing loss and Tinnitus is a common pathology seen in otolaryngology and there are numerous papers in literature describing its associations with other infections. However, this is the first reported case of hearing loss and tinnitus in a COVID-19 patient, in the State of Qatar, and this case report strives to contribute to the ocean of literature highlighting the need for otorhinolaryngologists to be aware of its correlation with COVID-19 virus.
The Early Detection of Breast Cancer Treatment-Related Lymphedema of the Arm.

Background: It is recognized that the early detection of breast cancer treatment related lymphedema (BCRL) leading to earlier intervention may improve long-term outcomes. This study aimed to determine whether limb volume measurement or bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) was the better tool for the early detection of BCRL. It also aimed to identify factors, which may be used to assess the risk of development of BCRL for individual patients. Methods and Results: This was a large prospective multicenter study of 1100 patients, who had had axillary node clearance for breast cancer, carried out in the United Kingdom. Limb volumes (by Perometer) and BIS (L-Dex by Impedimed U400) measurements were taken preoperatively and postsurgery with a follow-up period of 5 years. Details of the cancer, its treatment, body mass index (BMI), and age were recorded. BCRL was defined by relative arm volume increase (RAVI) ≥10%. At 24 months, the incidence of BCRL defined by RAVI was 22.8% and that defined by L-Dex >10 was 45.6%. Independent risk factors for the development of BCRL at 36 months were RAVI ≥5%-<10%, at 1 month, 10 or more positive nodes, BMI >30 and taxane chemotherapy. A risk assessment tool based on these was developed. Conclusions: Limb volume measurements performed better than BIS in the early detection of BCRL. Pre- and postoperative monitoring of limb volume measurements is useful in the early detection of, and prediction of those likely to develop, BCRL and allow early intervention.
Actinomycetoma with systemic features: A warning sign for immunosuppression?

A 32-year-old man was referred to our Dermatology Outpatient Unit with the clinical suspicion of sporotrichosis. At the age of 8, he had suffered a penetrating injury to his right foot, which remained as a painless nodule for years. One year before his outpatient appointment, the nodule progressively increased in size and ulcerated, and in the last 6 months, he began to experience night sweats, a low-grade fever, a 12-kg weight loss, and malaise. On examination, he had a foul-smelling and painful tumefaction with multiple nodules, fistulae, and purulent discharge, on the medial arch of his right foot (Fig 1A). He was pyrexial (37.9 ̊C), tachycardic (heart rate 126), but otherwise, other physical signs were unremarkable. The differential diagnoses considered for the skin lesion were dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, amelanotic melanoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, and actinomycetoma. Exams were performed (biochemistry screen, a full blood count, and a chest X-ray). Amoxicillin clavulanate was initiated, and a punch biopsy of the lesion was done. The patient remained febrile and did not gain weight despite 3 weeks of antibiotics. Chest X-ray showed an enlarged mediastinum (Fig 2A). He was admitted to hospital for further investigation and treatment. Full blood count showed hemoglobin of 5.7 g/dL, 12,250 white blood cells/mm, and lymphocytes of 2,082 cells/mm; C-reactive protein was 21.78 mg/L (reference value < 0.3); liver and kidney function tests were normal. Blood cultures and serological tests for HIV, toxoplasmosis, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis B and C were all negative. Because he was unwell and hypotensive on admission, Key Learning Points
MRI characteristics of the fetal tethered spinal cord: a comparative study

Abstract Purpose: To compare fetuses and children with confirmed tethered cord syndrome to age-matched controls to provide a reference for prenatally identifying tethered spinal cord and to identify salient points on MRI for diagnosis. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 13 fetuses and 20 children with tethered cord syndrome, and age-matched counterparts were included as controls. The MRI features including concomitant malformations, position of the conus medullaris, and thickened filum terminale of the two patient groups were evaluated and compared. Levels of the conus medullaris were discriminated between patients and an equivalent number of controls. Results: Various concomitant malformations manifested on the MRI of all patients, and there were differences between the two patient groups. Significant differences of the level of the conus medullaris were found between the fetal and child patients (U, 26.50; Z, −3.87; p < 0.001) and between the normal fetus and child controls (U, 23.50; Z, −4.13; p < 0.001). The position of the conus medullaris was visibly lower in the patient groups than in the control groups. No significant difference in the diameters of the filum terminale was found between the fetal and child patients (p = 0.67). Conclusions: The current study’s results indicate that tethered spinal cord syndrome can be diagnosed in utero with MRI combined with several characteristics, particularly the position of the conus medullaris. Special attention should be paid to the gestational age of the fetus because normal changes in spinal cord position occur with gestational development.
A stage-structured population model for activity-dependent dendritic spines

ABSTRACT Here we present a novel application of stage-structured population modelling to explore the properties of neuronal dendrites with spines. Dendritic spines are small protrusions that emanate from the dendritic shaft of several functionally important neurons in the cerebral cortex. They are the postsynaptic sites of over 90% of excitatory synapses in the mammalian brain. Here, we formulate a stage-structured population model of a passive dendrite with activity-dependent spines using a continuum approach. This computational study models three dynamic populations of activity-dependent spine types, corresponding to the anatomical categories of stubby, mushroom, and thin spines. In this stage-structured population model, transitions between spine type populations are driven by calcium levels that depend on local electrical activity. We explore the influence of the changing spine populations and spine types on the development of electrical propagation pathways in response to repetitive synaptic input, and which input frequencies are best for facilitating these pathways.
MT3DMS: A Modular Three-Dimensional Multispecies Transport Model for Simulation of Advection, Dispersion, and Chemical Reactions of Contaminants in Groundwater Systems; Documentation and User's Guide

Abstract : This manual describes the next generation of the modular three-dimensional transport model, MT3D, with significantly expanded capabilities, including the addition of (a) a third-order total-variation-diminishing (TVD) scheme for solving the advection term that is mass conservative but does not introduce excessive numerical dispersion and artificial oscillation, (b) an efficient iterative solver based on generalized conjugate gradient methods and the Lanczos/ORTHOMIN acceleration scheme to remove stability constraints on the transport time-step size, (c) options for accommodating nonequilibrium sorption and dual-domain advection-diffusion mass transport, and (d) a multicomponent program structure that can accommodate add-on reaction packages for modeling general biological and geochemical reactions. MT3DMS can be used to simulate changes in concentrations of miscible contaminants in groundwater considering advection, dispersion, diffusion, and some basic chemical reactions, with various types of boundary conditions and external sources or sinks. The basic chemical reactions included in the model are equilibrium-controlled or rate-limited linear or nonlinear sorption and first-order irreversible or reversible kinetic reactions. MT3DMS can accommodate very general spatial discretization schemes and transport boundary conditions, including: (a) confined, unconfined, or variably confined/unconfined aquifer layers, (b)inclined model layers and variable cell thickness within the same layer, (c) specified concentration or mass flux boundaries, and (d) the solute transport effects of external hydraulic sources and sinks such as wells, drains, rivers, areal recharge, and evapotranspiration.
Coexistence of Superparmagnetism and Spin-Glass Like Magnetic Ordering Phenomena in a CoFe2O4−SiO2 Nanocomposite

The effect of interparticle interactions on the magnetic behavior of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was investigated in a CoFe2O4/SiO2 nanocomposite with 50 wt % of magnetic phase. A sample of pure cobalt ferrite nanoparticles prepared by the same method was also studied, as reference. Both samples show irreversible magnetic behavior, when the DC magnetization, M(T), is observed by the zero field cooling−field cooling (ZFC−FC) measurements. For a field higher than 0.2 T, the ZFC curves of the two samples show a maximum and the corresponding temperature is proportional to the magnetic field raised to the 2/3 power (Tmax ∝ H2/3). This study shows that in both samples the MZFC(T) maxima are due to magnetic ordering phenomena rather than superparamagnetic blocking, pointing out that strong interactions among particles are present also in the nanocomposite. However, the presence of the silica matrix gives rise to the coexistence of two different magnetic behaviors. In fact, a secondary maximum at low temperature.
Influence of CeO2 on Properties and Activity of Oxide Catalysts in Carbon Monoxide Oxidation

A series of catalysts on the basis of 10 wt. % CuO/γ -Al2O3, 10 wt. % CuO + 10 wt. % Cr2O3/γ-Al2O3 and 15 wt. % MnO2/γ-Al2O3 have been prepared and modified by CeO2 with contents up to 20 wt. %. Physico-chemical properties of the catalysts were determined by the methods of BET Adsorption, XRD, and TPR. Oxidative activity of the catalysts was studied at the temperature range 90-220℃ and CO concentration of 3 mol. %. Addition of CeO2 led to changes in physico-chemical properties of the catalysts and formation of novel active centres that increased the activity of CuO and Cr2O3 containing catalysts, but decreased the activity of those, containing MnO2. The catalyst sample containing 10 wt. % CuO and 15 wt. % CeO2 has been shown to be the best one for complete conversion of CO. At the given conditions on this catalyst the complete oxidation of CO to CO2 occurred at 130℃ during more than 500 h.
Assorted Notes on Radial Basis Functions

We discuss a minimal, unconstrained log-Cholesky parametrisation of radial basis functions (RBFs) and the corresponding partial derivatives. This is useful when using RBFs as part of neural network that is either trained in a supervised fashion via error backpropagation, or unsupervised using a homeostasis mechanism. We perform some experiments and discuss potential caveats when using RBFs in this way. Furthermore, we compare RBFs to the Spatial Semantic Pointer similarity that can be used to construct networks with sparse hidden representations resembling those found in RBF networks.
On the double diffusive convection flow of Eyring-Powell fluid due to cone through a porous medium with Soret and Dufour effects

This paper devotedly study the double diffusive Darcian convection flow of Eyring-Powell fluid from a cone embedded in a homogeneous porous medium with the effects of Soret and Dufour. Arising set of non-linear partial differential equations are transformed through a suitable self-similar transformation into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Further, the numerical and the analytical solutions of the governing equations are elucidated by using numerical method as well as non-perturbation scheme. Numerical values are presented through tables for the skin friction coefficients, Nusselt number and Sherwood number. The obtained results are validated by comparing the analytical results with previously published results obtained by bvp4c for the numerical values of physical quantities. The effect of various parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles is discussed and also shown graphically.
Mobile Domain Walls as a Bridge between Nanoscale Conductivity and Macroscopic Electromechanical Response

The interfaces in complex oxides present unique properties exploitable in nanoscale devices. Recent studies on ferroelectric BiFeO3, BaTiO3, and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 have revealed an unusually high electric conductivity of the domain walls (DWs), adding another degree of freedom for controlling the local properties of these materials. While most of the investigations are focused on thin films for nanoscale applications, many practical devices, including piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers, rely on the macroscopic properties of bulk polycrystalline materials where the average effect of local properties should be small. It is shown that in polycrystalline BiFeO3 the local domain‐wall conductivity interferes with the dynamics of the DWs within the grains, resulting in an unexpectedly large effect on the macroscopic piezoelectric response. The results thus bridge the local conductivity and the macroscopic piezoelectricity via domain‐wall dynamics, revealing that the domain‐wall conductivity must be considered when interpreting and controlling macroscopic electromechanical properties.
Numerische Untersuchung der Spätstadien der Transition in einer dreidimensionalen Grenzschicht

The late nonlinear stages of laminar-turbulent transition in a three-dimensional flat plate boundary-layer are investigated by a highly-resolved temporal numerical simulation. The simulation is adapted to a transition experiment which allows a direct comparison of the obtained physical phenomena. The stationary crossflow vortex is the characteristic structure of the flow in the early transitional stage of the three-dimensional boundary-layer. The interaction of this vortical structure with travelling waves in presence of the wall is investigated. Different methods for the identification of vortices are used. A new vortical structure is obtained in the present investigation. It finally destroys the primary crossflow vortex and initiates the onset of turbulence. The new vortical structure is also predicted by the investigation of the secondary stability of the nonlinear deformed crossflow vortex. The new vortical structure is located in a region with high shear and a high velocity defect of the velocity profile near the edge of the boundary-layer. It is shown that the secondary disturbance has a high temporal amplification rate and represents a high-frequency instability, which was observed likewise in the corresponding experiments. The spatial location of occurrence of the high frequency instability and their frequency agrees very well with the experiment.
The development of production management at the Toyota Motor Corporation

The Japanese financial system is regarded as a key factor behind Japan's remarkable post-war growth. The main bank arrangements, linking companies with a principal source of funds, and complementary institutional networks were complex and intricate, and underpinned industrial investment and expansion. In the 1950s, the city banks, as the main banks of manufacturers, were asked to supply large amounts of funds to their clients, acting as substitutes of the stock market. As their liquidity decreased, post-war reconstruction policies reduced their risk-bearing capabilities. In order to stabilise the system and to sustain the funds needed for strategic industries, the Ministry of Finance and the Bank of Japan began actively to regulate the financial markets, while the Ministry of International Trade and Industry co-ordinated policy with the industrial sector. It was this system of complementary institutions, including the main banks, long-term financial institutions, and government agencies, which enabled Jap.
Study for the Revision of the plaice box - Draft Final Report

This project has attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of the fisheries management measure known as the “Plaice Box” (PB) for the conservation of plaice and other species of marine organisms in the south-eastern North Sea. The study provides an inventory of existing information and collects new material on the effects of the PB on the conservation of plaice and the impact of the PB on various components of the commercial fishing fleets. Based on an analysis of key processes that affect the impact of the PB, modifications will be explored to improve the positive effect on the conservation of plaice and other species of marine organisms, including catches and bycatches of other marketable fish. An economic assessment of the consequences of those modifications, in terms of their cost-effectiveness, and implications for profitability of the activity is presented. Finally, the data requirements for future evaluations of the effects of the PB on conservation is discussed.
Alcohol-Related Cognitive Impairments

People with alcoholism express cognitive deficits of varying type and severity. Theoretical models of impaired cognition are intended to explain the deficit patterns by relating them to the brain structures or brain processes that may be damaged. Although no model has thus far succeeded in defining adequately all the impairments alcoholics experience, process-oriented models are proving useful as tools for describing alcohol-related cognitive deficits.