Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 2 Exploring the Trauma Membrane Concept

As part of the healing process in the aftermath of catastrophic stress, the trauma membrane forms as a temporary psychosocial structure to promote adaptation and healing. The trauma membrane acts as an intrapsychic and interpersonal mediator, interfacing between the person and the traumatic memories and everyday reminders of the traumatic event from the external world. Therapists work at the boundary of this psychological buffer zone. The multidimensional concept of a trauma membrane reflects intrapsychic, interpersonal, and communal processes that protect individuals and communities, such that a survivor network or individual survivor will invite or block access to mental-health intervention. The intrapsychic mechanism protects traumatized individuals from being subsequently overwhelmed by intrusive memories by cordoning off those memories until they can be handled by the individual’s adaptive psychic processes. This chapter will explore the definition and history of the trauma membrane concept, the similarities and differences between the stimulus barrier and trauma membrane, its value as a metaphor, and how the recovery environment can facilitate its formation in the aftermath of a trauma. As a flexible analogy, the multilevel trauma membrane can help researchers and clinicians explain trauma-related processes and their clinical applications.
MERGING OF VARIABLE-RESOLUTION IMAGERY USING GEOSTATISTICS AND SENSOR PSFS

Current remote sensing analysis methods typically treat imagery as a regular grid of rectangular pixels representing regions with uniform information. In reality, a pixel represents a non-uniform integration of spatial information described by the sensor’s point spread function (PSF). This conceptual simplification of the sensor’s support facilitates the presentation of single images, but often prevents statistically rigorous analyses of imagery. This paper presents a methodology for merging multiple (source) images from sensors with dissimilar PSFs into a new (target) image, using a geostatistical inverse modeling framework. The inverse model takes into account the sensor PSFs, the spatial correlation of the information being modeled, and the measurement error of the source images. The inverse model yields both a best estimate of the target image and the estimation (co)variance of the target data. The inverse model approach is quite general and can be used to address many issues in remote sensing image analysis such as upscaling or downscaling imagery to different spatial supports, or merging variable-resolution images with different grid orientations. The methodology is can be applied to irregularly spaced data (such as images with geometric distortion due to rugged topography) or images with missing values (such as partially cloud-obscured optical images).
Green Method for Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Polyscias scutellaria Leaf Extract under UV Light and Their Catalytic Activity to Reduce Methylene Blue

The aqueous fraction of Polyscias scutellaria leaf extract (PSE) has been used as a reducing agent and stabilizer in the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). UV-Vis spectrophotometry, particle size analyzer (PSA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy-selected area electron diffraction (TEM-SAED), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize AuNPs. The AuNPs have a size of 5–20 nm and have a face centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure and are stable for 21 days. Phenolic compounds, which are secondary metabolites of PSE, act as an active compound to reduce Au3+ ion to Au0, as well as stabilize the AuNPs through their surface interaction with carbonyl and hydroxyl groups of phenols. AuNPs exhibit excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of methylene blue with NaBH4. The reduction of methylene blue using AuNPs catalysts is a pseudo-first-order reaction with a reduction rate constant ( ) of 0.0223 min−1.
Constraint programming solutions to LogicQL program verification and system resilience problems

Constraint Programming (CP) is the study of solving problems by stating constraints on the solution to be found. Many computer science problems can be viewed as a special case of the constraint problem. In this thesis, we focus on using CP solvers for solving two distinct problems. First, we develop and implement a framework for an automatic generation of models that satisfy a program in LogicQL, a high-level database query language. We show that our system gives immediate feedback to the user and can be used for incremental development of LogicQL programs. Second, we consider a system resilience problem that is important in many application domains. We present the design and implementation of SR-solver, a novel integrated tool for evaluating system resilience. The SR-solver supports a graphical representation of the system, thus making the evaluation of system resilience accessible to general users.
Moral judgement in adolescents: Age differences in applying and justifying three principles of harm

This study investigated the application and justification of three principles of harm in a cross-sectional sample of adolescents in order to test recent theories concerning the source of intuitive moral judgements. Participants were 46 early (M age = 14.8 years) and 40 late adolescents (M age = 17.8 years). Participants rated the permissibility of various ethical dilemmas, and provided justifications for their judgements. Results indicated participants aligned their judgements with the three principles of harm, but had difficulty explaining their reasoning. Furthermore, although age groups were consistent in the application of the principles of harm, age differences emerged in their justifications. These differences were partly explained by differences in language ability. Additionally, participants who used emotional language in their justifications demonstrated a characteristically deontological pattern of moral judgement on certain dilemmas. We conclude adolescents in this age range apply the principles of harm but that the ability to explain their judgements is still developing.
High-Resolution Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies

We present R ~ 600, 10-37 μm spectra of 53 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs), taken using the Infrared Spectrograph on board Spitzer. The spectra show fine-structure emission lines of neon, oxygen, sulfur, silicon, argon, chlorine, iron, and phosphorous; molecular hydrogen lines, and C2H2, HCN, and OH- absorption features. We employ diagnostics based on the fine-structure lines, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features and the 9.7 μm silicate absorption feature, to show that the infrared emission from most ULIRGs is powered mostly by star formation, with only ~20% of ULIRGs hosting an AGN with a greater IR luminosity than the starburst. The detection of [Ne V] λ14. 32 in just under half the sample, however, implies that an AGN contributes significantly to the mid-IR flux in ~42% of ULIRGs. The starbursts and AGNs in ULIRGs appear more extincted, and for the starbursts more compact than those in lower luminosity systems. The excitations and electron densities in the narrow-line regions of ULIRGs appear comparable to those of starbursts with L≲1011.5 L☉, although the NLR gas in ULIRGs may be more dense. We show that the [Ne II] λ12. 81 + [Ne III] λ15. 56 luminosity correlates with both infrared luminosity and the luminosity of the 6.2 and 11.2 μm PAH features, and derive a calibration between PAH luminosity and star formation rate. Finally, we show that ULIRGs with silicate absorption strengths Ssil of 0.8 ≲ Ssil ≲ 2.4 are likely to be powered mainly by star formation, but that ULIRGs with Ssil ≲ 0.8, and possibly those with Ssil ≳ 2.4, contain an IR-luminous AGN.
Contemplative Pedagogy and Revitalization of Teacher Education

The prevailing conception and practice of education perpetuates a civilization saturated with a deep sense of ontological disconnect and axiological crisis in all dimensions of human life. We examine the disconnect from body, senses, and world in the practice of education. We explore the possibilities in the burgeoning contemplative education movement for reconnection offered by holistic, experiential approaches to learning, in particular, contemplative practices that manifest the arts of somatic, sensuous, relational, and contextual awareness.
"Ee bah gum, tha' accent is weird!" GMS Students' Intelligibility and Acceptability of four accents of English in Coronation Street

This paper explores 25 GMS students’ intelligibility and acceptability of four accents of British English (East Lancashire, Barnsley, Scouse and Mancunian), as heard in the British soap opera Coronation Street. After watching three seven-minute videos, respondents were tasked with orthographically transcribing certain tokens or phrases, and subjectively evaluating the utterances heard. A total of twenty tokens was selected, as well as three unique phrases uttered by each speaker were also selected. The transcription allowed the researcher to assess whether or not the word or phrase had been accurately identifi ed, and the subjective evaluation provided the researcher with the respondents’ perceptions and attitudes with regard to three factors: acceptability, familiarity and ease of understanding. Results showed that the East Lancashire accent was the most intelligible, followed by Scouse, Mancunian and then Barnsley. However, the acceptability of the same four accents suggested the Scouse accent was the most acceptable, followed by East Lancashire, Barnsley and then Mancunian. The fi ndings shows a need to expose our students to as wide a variety of English accents as possible, and not just those that often feature in mass-produced language learning material or broadcast news channels which tend to employ speakers of RP (Received Pronunciation) or GA (General American).
Habitat choice and female preference in a polymorphic stickleback population

Background: A small pond, c. 90 years old, near Bern, Switzerland contains a population of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) with two distinct male phenotypes. Males of one type are large, and red, and nest in the shallow littoral zone. The males of the other are small and orange, and nest offshore at slightly greater depth. The females in this population are phenotypically highly variable but cannot easily be assigned to either male type. Question: Is the existence of two sympatric male morphs maintained by substrate-associated male nest site choice and facilitated by female mate preferences? Organisms: Male stickleback caught individually at their breeding sites. Females caught with minnow traps. Methods: In experimental tanks, we simulated the slope and substrate of the two nesting habitats. We then placed individual males in a tank and observed in which habitat the male would build his nest. In a simultaneous two-stimulus choice design, we gave females the choice between a large, red male and a small, orange one. We measured female morphology and used linear mixed effect models to determine whether female preference correlated with female morphology. Results: Both red and orange males preferred nesting in the habitat that simulated the slightly deeper offshore condition. This is the habitat occupied by the small, orange males in the pond itself. The proportion of females that chose a small orange male was similar to that which chose a large red male. Several aspects of female phenotype correlated with the male type that a female preferred.
Interpretation of geographic variation in size of American eel Anguilla rostrata elvers on the Atlantic coast of North America using their life history and otolith ageing

Elvers of the . 4merican eel Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur) were collected from 6 estuaries ranging in location from Haiti to the U.S. Atlantic coast and north to Canada during the fishing season in 1995. Time of metamorphosis from leptocephalus to glass eel was determined from otolith daily growth increments, In which the increment width and strontium/calcium ratlos changed drastically. Mean age of the leptocephalus at metamorphosis (T,) was 189 to 214 d , while age upon arrival at the estuaries (T,) was 220 to 284 d. Time from metamorphos~s to arrival at the estuanes (T,-,,) was 32 to 80 d . Faster-growing and earlier-metamorphosing leptocephali migrate to the mid-polnt of the sampling range, but slower-growing and delayed-metamorphosis leptocephali occur in both the southern and northern ranges. Duration of the glass eel phase was longer in the north than in the south, while glass eels grew faster in the south than in the north. Mean total length of elvers at entry to the estuaries increased significantly from 48 mm in the south to 60 mm in the north. Geographic variation in elver length was due to duration of the glass eel phase rather than timing of metamorphosis from leptocephalus to glass eel, because elver length was significantly positively correlated with T, , (K = 0.79, p 0.05). Duration of the glass eel phase was influenced by the coastal oceanographic conditions.
The Impact of Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Allograft Outcome

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a relatively sudden decrease in the production, processing, and excretion of ultrafiltrate by the kidney (decrease in glomerular filtration rate – GFR). Acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common event in transplantation and 20% to 80% of kidneys from deceased donors can present delayed graft function (DGF) depending on the injury extent (Perico et al., 2004). After transplantation it could be expected immediate renal function, slow recovery function, non-oliguric acute tubular necrosis (ATN), total anuria. Delayed graft function (DGF) is defined by transplant centers as: the need of dialysis (at least one session) during the first week post-transplantation (Koning et al., 1997), early urine output lower than 1200mL/day or no decrease in serum creatinine within 48h (Shoskes et al., 2001), creatinine clearance lower than 10mL/min (Giral-Classe et al., 1998), creatinine at day 10 higher than 221μmol/L (Cosio et al., 1997). Delayed graft function has been considered an independent predictor of graft loss since multivariate analysis showed a relative risk of graft loss 2.9 times greater for DGF than for kidneys with immediate function (Halloran et al., 1988). The US Renal Data System (37,000 primary cadaver transplants) showed a relative risk of 1.53 for 5-year graft loss in association with DGF (Ojo et al., 1997). In cadaver transplants (1994-1998 in USA) the halflife of kidneys with DGF was 7.2 years whereas in kidneys with immediate function it was 11.5 years (Halloran et al., 2001). In the presence of rejection DGF’s effect is even stronger and kidney graft half-life decreases from 9.4 to 6.2 years (Shoskes et al., 1998). Kyllonen et al. (2000) showed in a follow-up of 1047 cadaveric kidney transplants performed at University of Helsinki that 5-years graft survival was 60% in patients presenting DGF and rejection, 73% in patients with rejection, 77% in patients with DGF and 88% in patients without both risk factors. They concluded that DGF was a significant factor affecting long-term graft survival, both through and independent of acute rejection. In 10-years of transplantation follow-up Troppman et al. (1999) observed 64% of graft survival in patients without DGF or rejection episodes, 44% in patients with DGF, 36% in patients with rejection, and 15% in patients presenting both risk factors. A range of factors could lead to DGF such as organ procurement (i.e. kidneys from nonheart-beating donors), donor characteristics (i.e. donors older than 55 years), period of ischemia, recipient historic (i.e. number of recipient’s previous transplants), renal toxicity, ureteral obstruction, among others. Since DGF is considered an independent risk for graft
Optimum design of small-signal microwave amplifiers with specified stability safety margin

When employing conditionally stable transistors in microwave amplifier design, it is impossible to have both parts perfectly matched. One can easily design for a perfect match at one of the parts, but the resulting mismatch at the remaining part may be unacceptable. Through trial and error using graphical methods, the designer may trade-off the perfect part match for improved match at the other part. In this paper, we propose a systematic approach whereby the maximisation of an objective function results in maximum gain and part match, for given stability safety margins.
Does Ethic Rating Decrease Firms’ Cost of Capital? Empirical Insights from the Italian Setting

This paper focuses on the issues relating to the reduction of firms’ cost of debt connecting to the ethic rating score as a topic of crucial relevance especially in terms of creditworthiness. The literature on ethic rating presents risk reduction as potential benefits. Consequently, an efficient market should recognize an “ethical financial premium” to socially responsible firms, corresponding to a less cost of debt financing. We have developed a model using the annual report of all Italian listed firms and the ratings issue by Standard Ethics. The sample is composed by 186 observations, so we have used a panel data analysis to test our research hypothesis. Overall, the results are statistically significant but the financial market does not recognize an ethical premium to socially responsible firms. It means that variables chosen can explain the whole model, but specifically there is not a positive association between cost of debt and ethic rating.
Comment on “Superplastic deformation of ice: Experimental observations” by D. L. Goldsby and D. L. Kohlstedt

] Knowledge of the rheological properties of ice at devia-toric stresses lower than 0.1 MPa is of great interest whenmodeling the flow of glaciers and ice sheets. In spite of thedifficulty of obtaining convincing results in the laboratory, thereis now agreement on a flow law with a stress exponent lowerthan 2 [Mellor and Testa, 1969; Duval, 1973; Alley, 1992;Duval and Castelnau, 1995]. This result is also supported byborehole deformation measurements [Dahl-Jensen and Gun-destrup, 1987] and bubbly ice densification modeling [Lipenkovet al., 1997]. [
Exploring the Existential 1 EXPLORING THE EXISTENTIAL DIMENSION Exploring the Existential Dimension in Narrative Futuring

In this study the relation between narrative futuring (imagining the future and making it explicit in a narrative way) and the existential dimension is under study. Both a narrative approach and the existential dimension are associated with the process of finding meaning in life. Meaning-making is negatively associated with several psychological diseases, and positively associated with benefit-finding and emotional wellbeing. Therefore it is important to examine how a narrative working mode can help to make existential themes discussable, and how this process can attribute to finding meaning in life. In the first study a working model is developed to assess the presence of four existential concerns (Yalom, 1980) in ‘letters from the future’. These letters were collected in the Life-story Lab, an online lab in which participants are asked to write a letter from a fictive, personal future, and thus to engage in narrative futuring. Any visitor of the website could donate a letter. The first one hundred letters were selected from the total pool of letters, because this way the largest variety of letters was obtained. The sample consisted of mostly female students ranging from 16-25 years old. The letters were analysed using qualitative analysing methods. Six letter categories and two criteria were found that associate with the presence of existential concerns in the letters. Through the model traces of existential struggles can be found. These findings indicate that narrative futuring is a promising instrument to explore the existential dimension. The aim of the second study is twofold: to test the constructand ecological validity of the developed working model, and to find out whether the writing process induced existential reflection and action. From the personal network of the researcher twelve new participants were recruited. The sample mainly consisted of Christian women between 26 and 35 years old. The participants were interviewed regarding the content of their future letter and regarding the writing process. The results from the interviews substantiate the constructand ecological validity of the previously developed working model, and thus confirm that narrative futuring can be used as an instrument to explore the existential dimension. Furthermore, the writing process in itself elicits no confrontation with an existential concern. This finding indicates that solely writing a future letter does not help to deal with existential themes, and thus to find existential meaning.
Competence Management Systems Implications for operative resource allocation

In a world of ever increasing technological diversity and an advancing ‘internet of things’, business landscapes are changing. New conditions alter the way in which competence resources are regarded and how they need to be managed in order for organizations to sustain as successful actors in a knowledge economy. Information systems play an increasingly important role in this new setting, including competence management systems for handling information concerning competence resources. In order to explore these new conditions for competence management this study takes a closer look at how the service delivery organization of Company X handles competence resources and considers how it can improve its operative competence management system. A pragmatic and customer-oriented approach to competence management systems is taken, guided by a thorough study on the subject by Lindgren et al. (2004). A historical outlook on how competence management systems at Company X have developed over time serves as a basis for deducing how a corresponding idea of the role of competence and competence resources has developed over time in different parts of the organization. Also, a case study is carried out covering the demand and supply side of competence resources within Energy & Utilities, a business area that illustratively can represent developments of the business landscape and Company X’s approach to navigate it. Through the study the authors find that information regarding contextual experience can serve as carrier for rich competence descriptions that facilitate for requestors of, and the holders of, competence in the matching of demand and supply. It is also suggested that such information plausibly could be semi-automatically generated through the recurrent specification of new project roles.