Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The importance of technological innovation and transport infrastructures on trade and development

international trade and studies its effect on different groups of countries according to their level of economic development. Different measures used in the literature to proxy for technological capabilities are reviewed and two of them are selected. The estimation results show that technological innovation has a considerably high explanatory power on trade compared with other traditional determinants. Countries tend to trade more when they have similar technological capabilities and the development of technological innovation has lowered the effect of geographical distance on trade. According to the obtained results, investing in technological innovation leads to the improvement and maintenance of the level of competitiveness, therefore a good economic policy in developing countries is to invest in technological innovation. I . I N T R O D U C T I O N In the last decades there have been important changes in the international environment, with an increasing number of countries that are closely linked to one another through international trade and foreign direct investment. Globalisation, new technologies and information flows play an important role in this worldwide interdependence. In this framework, trade theory highlights the importance of technological change in explaining the competitiveness of a country. The main purpose of this paper is to test empirically to what extent technological innovation influences international trade and to study its effect on different groups of countries according to their level of economic development. In the next section, a number of papers related to technological innovation are reviewed and different measures used in the literature to proxy technological capabilities are presented. In a knowledge-based economy with high and increasing dependence on technology, information and human capital, the development of relevant indicators to measure the level of technological innovation across countries is a matter of great importance. For this purpose, three components of technological innovation are considered: creation of technology,
Paying Attention to Circadian Rhythms in the Treatment of COVID-19

The bidirectional association between the circadian system and innate-adaptive immune functions has been highlighted in many investigations. Viruses are a submicroscopic infectious agent that activate the immune system after entering the human host cell. A novel virus, so-called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has recently emerged, is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Previous investigations show that the factors that are strongly controlled by circadian rhythms, such as clock genes and melatonin, modulate the immune response and may, therefore, influence the healing processes of COVID-19. Moreover, the mechanism of COVID-19 shows that some host cell factors, such as an angiotensin-converting enzyme, exhibit daily rhythms. In this review, we explore key findings that show a link between circadian rhythms and viral infection. The results of these findings could be helpful for clinical and preclinical studies to discover a useful and highly effective treatment for eradicating the COVID-19 disease.
Embedding Heterogeneous: Modelling a Citation Network

Citation network has been extensively studied to uncover how evolutionary ideas have been developed so far. However, most of the existing work based on traditional network modelling algorithms which cannot be scaled over contemporary academic corpus including multi-and inter-disciplinary research. In this work, we aim to develop a network embedding method which can model heterogeneous network such as a citation network. We ﬁrst learn the basic idea of network embedding using a well-known embedding method, word2vec, and then explorer network speciﬁc embedding methods such as deepwalk, LINE and node2vec on heterogeneous network. The performance between homogeneous and heterogeneous networks are tested and compared on CORA dataset. In the end, academic publications will be embedded into a multi-dimensional Euclidean space, which can be further utilised for follow-up tasks such as ﬁnding/recommending relevant papers.
Some Marine Insects of the Pacific Coast of Canada.

The present paper deals with the strictly inter-tidal, rock-dwelling insects found in the neighborhood of the Biological Station in Departure Bay, Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, during the summer of 1927. Collections made in the late summer at Vancouver, Prince Rupert, and Ucluelet on the West Coast of Vancouver Island, revealed many of the forms already known but no new ones. The species discussed may therefore be regarded as representative of the whole coast, although further investigations are sure to prove the list incomplete.
Research on Discovery and Classification Technology of Electric Power Marketing Field Terminals

In view of the characteristics of diversity, openness, complexity of Electric Power Marketing Field Terminals. There may be some security risks such as illegal terminal access. So the problem of discovery and classification of Electric Power Marketing Field Terminals is need to be solved, and then we can identify the types of illegal terminals in time and take corresponding measures. This paper aims at the diversity of Electric Power Marketing Field Terminals and their own differentiation characteristics, and proposes a technology without agent. Without installing client, it can automatically realize terminal discovery, and so solve the traditional problem of non-agent terminal discovery. At the same time, through K-means clustering algorithm terminal model identification, using unsupervised algorithm to extract and identify terminal type fingerprint information, it can achieve accurate classification of terminals, and provide timely alarm information and equipment data for network control and security protection.
Modeling of Energy Consumption Forecast with Economic Indicators Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm: An Application in Turkey between 1979 and 2050

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) are the most important optimization techniques among various modern heuristic optimization techniques. The study aims to forecast the energy consumption in Turkey until the year 2050 using PSO and GA models. The annual data provided by the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, International Energy Agency (IEA), OECD, Turkish Statistical Institute were used in the study. PSO and GA energy demand forecasting models are developed using population, import, export and gross domestic product (GDP). All models are proposed in linear and quadratic forms. Turkey's energy consumption is projected according to four different scenarios. According the analysis results, the study found for the PSO analysis the R2 values in the linear model was 91.72%, in the quadratic model was 94.06% at the same time for the GA analysis R2 values in the linear model was 91.71%, in the quadratic model was 93.97%. Additionally, the mean absolute percent error rates were 11.58% for PSO and 11.69% for GA in the quadratic model. According to Lewis, these values showed that models could be used for energy consumption estimation purposes. The study determined that the statistical performance criteria of PSO models were more successful than the statistical performance criteria of GA models.
Stream Window Aggregation Semantics and Optimisation

Sliding windows are bounded sets which evolve together with an infinite data stream of records. Each new sliding window evicts records from the previous one while introducing newly arrived records as well. Aggregations on windows typically derive some metric such as an average or a sum of a value in each window. The main challenge of applying aggregations to sliding windows is that a naive execution can lead to a high degree of redundant computation due to a large number of common records across different windows. Special optimization techniques have been developed throughout the years to tackle redundancy and make sliding window aggregation feasible and more efficient in large data streams. Overview
EFFICIENT IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF BLOOD VESSELS AND EXUDATES IN RETINAL IMAGES FOR DIABETIC RETINOPATHY ANALYSIS

Today, Retinopathy is one of the major concern for diabetic patients are responsible for color blindness for the abrupt changes part of the retinal area of particular patients. Diabetic retinopathy images are slightly deviated from the fundus images by some component such as microaneurysm, hemorrhages, exudates, cotton wool spots and variations in blood vessels etc. Due to presence of these features in retinal area might occurs the loss of vision. The main objectives are to efficiently segmentation of blood vessels and detect the different areas of abnormalities present in the retina like optic disk, exudates etc. The RGB green channel retina images are used for segmentation methods. In this work, we present the approach of blood vessel segmentation using computer intelligence by edge based segmentation and vessel detection using morphological processing. There method efficiently use the adaptive threshold based segmentation for detecting the optical nerve, blood vessel and exudates, abnormalities are present in retina images for primary detection of diabetic retinopathy. Here, our results achieve more than 90% accuracy rates of classification of datasets like DIARECTDB0, DIARECTDB1.
Purification and Properties of Thermostable Xylanases from Mesophilic Fungus Strain Y-94

A mesophilic fungal strain Y-94 produced three types of thermostable endo-xylanases accompanied by the formation of a large amount of cellulase. These xylanases were separated from the cellulase by heat treatment at 65°C for 2.5 hr and purified by DEAE-Toyopearl chromatog-raphy, chromatography on an anion exchanger (PBE 94), and Bio-Gel A 0.5 m gel filtration. The molecular weights of the three types of xylanase, designated as xylanase A, B and C, were 51,000, 48,000, and 35,000, respectively. All three enzymes showed highest activity at pH 4.9 and 80°C in lOmin of incubation, and had the same hydrolysis pattern of larch wood xylan with the end- products of xylobiose and xylose. Thus their activities appear essentially the same but not their stabilities. Xylanase A and B were stable from pH 2.5 to 9.0 but xylanase C was unstable above pH 5.5. Xylanase C was unstable at 70°C where other two were stable.
Dimensionnement géotechnique interactif

This General Report is to summarise the all papers submitted for TC206 – Interactive Design. A total of 15 papers were received and 6 papers were recommended for oral presentation and the rest for recommended for panel presentation at the 18 ICSMGE Paris, 2-6 September 2013. The submitted papers gave a general picture of the interactive design works around the Globe ranging from experimental and theoretical works from SWOT analysis to geoenvironmental application and potential risk detection for Slope failure to case report on some successful practical works from excavation of diaphragm wall to fibre optic instrumentation in reusing deep foundations. The papers are of good quality and will generate opportunities for the academia and practitioners to discuss and question on various different techniques and approaches to implement interactive design to their works. RÉSUMÉ : Ce rapport général présente une synthèse des communications correspondant au TC206 – Dimensionnement géotechnique interactif. Un total de 15 articles ont été reçus, 6 ont été recommandés pour une présentation orale et les autres seront présentés lors de la conférence correspondant à ce rapport général au 18 CIMSG Paris, 2-6 septembre 2013. Les communications donnent une description générale des travaux en dimensionnement interactif de par le monde, depuis les travaux expérimentaux et théoriques jusqu’aux analyses SWOT, aux applications géoenvironnementales et à la détection des risques potentiels dans la réutilisation des fondations profondes. La bonne qualité des communications créera des opportunités pour les universitaires et les praticiens de discuter et échanger sur les différentes techniques et approches permettant de mettre en œuvre le dimensionnement interactif dans leurs réalisations.
REAL EFFICIENCY OF INTELLIGENT SWITCHING OF HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT-BREAKERS

Comutarea inteligentă se referă la extinderea comutării controlate în situaţii noi printe care se numără regimurile de scurtcircuit. Unul dintre cele mai importante aspecte este cel legat de utilizarea întrerupătoarelor moderne, ultrarapide care declanşează înainte ca una din componentele curentului de defect, componenta continuă, să atingă valoarea zero. Având la bază rezultatele cercetărilor efectuate de autori în implementarea comutării inteligente, la înalta tensiune şi în cazuri de defect, lucrarea are drept subiect detalierea avantajelor reale ale acestei relative noi tehnologii în sistemele electroenergetice. Printre acestea, cele mai importante sunt ameliorarea calităţii energiei electrice ca urmare a limitării supratensiunilor şi supracurenţilor ce însoţesc comutările clasice mai ales în condiţii de scurtcircuit şi reducerea costurilor cu mentenanţă.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN KADAR ARTEMISININ ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. HASIL IRRADIASI SINAR GAMMA TERHADAP KULTUR TUNAS PUCUK. Artemisinin adalah senyawa utama yang dihasilkan oleh tanaman Artemisia annua sebagai bahan obat antimalaria. Beberapa penelitian telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan

GROWTH AND ARTEMISININ CONTENT OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. AS A RESULT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON SHOOT CULTURE. Artemisinin is the main compound produced by Artemisia annua is used as antimalarial drug. Many research have been conducted in order to increase artemisinin content in A. annua so that it can be produced economically. In several plants, mutation can be induced by Gamma irradiation to increase their secondary metabolite production. The aim of this reserach was to investigate the growth and artemisinin content of A. annua after Gamma irradiation. Irradiation was conducted using in vitro shoot tips with 5-50 Gy. Survival rate, growth of shoot culture, ploidy level confirmation, acclimatization, growth of plants in the field and artemisinin content were recorded. The results showed that LD50 of A. annua was 37 Gy, therefore, shoots only grew in the control environment in the laboratory, their growth in the field was inhibited. Irradiation with 50 Gy, shoots only grew for 8 weeks, and died afterwards. Irradiation dose affected on growth of plants in the field as well as their artemisinin content.
Automatic Wheelchair with Essential Applications

This work presents the development of a robotic wheelchair that can be commanded by users. It provides flexibility to choose different modalities to command the wheelchair, in addition to be suitable for people with different levels of disabilities like partially paralyzed, by birth disabilities, accidental injuries etc. Users can command and control the wheelchair based on their head movements. Also, the user can control some home appliances. As a trial, we work on the lighting system in a room that is ON and OFF mechanism of a light. The wheelchair can also operate like an auto-guided vehicle, with the help of obstacle sensors, which detects the obstacles in front of it, and it either stops or takes deviation. A main door detection section is provided with a magnetic sensor in the wheelchair and a magnet fixed at the main door for safety and then the wheelchair stops. A security as well as a safety alarm is provided in the device, which beeps when the device may hit somewhere or an emergency situation occurs. Head movements are used for both moving the device and for controlling directions of the device. This device is capable of lighting the room by eye movements.
EYE LENS WEIGHTS AS INDICATORS OF AGE IN ROCK DOVES

Variation in eye lens weights of 45 known-age rock doves (Columba livia) and 92 rock doves collected over a 15-month period indicated that lens weights could be used to estimate age only in nestlings and early juveniles. Little, if any, increase in lens weight was apparent after the first 112 days. While numerous workers have shown eye lens weights to be reliable indicators of age in several species of wild mammals, investigators applying the technique to birds have reported only limited success due primarily to early attainment of adult size. Friend (1967) presented a comprehen- sive review of this literature. Labisky et al. (1969:272) reported that lens weights could not be used satisfactorily to separate juve- nile ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus col- chicus) into monthly age-classes, juvenile cocks older than 5 months or juvenile hens older than 3 months from adults, or adults into yearly age-classes. Rock doves were trapped in Boston, Mas- sachusetts, as part of a survey of their protozoan, nematode, and ectoparasites. Be- cause examination of the bursa and pattern of primary feather molt provided only rela- tive age, eyes were collected to determine if lens weights could be used to separate juvenile doves into monthly age-classes, and adults into yearly age-classes. The author wishes to thank Barbara
BRAKE PARTICLE MOVEMENT INSIDE THE FRICTIONAL SYSTEM

Particulate pollution caused by traffic is an important socio-political issue nowadays. In addition to the engines as a source of particulate matter, non-exhaust sources of vehicles like tire, road abrasion and the brake are moving into focus due to the improved exhaust after-treatment and electrification. Although many studies have looked into brake particle number, mass and size distribution until now, the formation of this particles and their change within the frictional contact haven’t been completely revealed. However, the understanding of these mechanisms is important. This knowledge can help, for example, to identify possible reduction potentials. In order to achieve a better understanding about the mechanisms that occur between the brake pad and the brake disc, tests are carried out on a tribological brake test rig. Using a borosilicate glass disc instead of a cast iron disc, allows optical in-situ measurements with a high-speed camera equipped with a magnification lens. This microscopic system can be moved horizontally and vertically with a double linear bearing. Therefore sequential observation of the entire brake pad is feasible. In addition, 3-D images provide insights into the influence of the local structure of the pad. Besides, a newly developed sampling method will be used to remove wear mass from the system and to analyze the surface below. This procedure can also be applied in combination with a grey cast iron disc, which allows further validation of the described glass method. By recording of the pad surface section by section, insights about the distribution of the brake particle movement within the tribological system can be gained. Hereby it can be analyzed, whether only the location on the pad influences the occurrence of particle motion or also other influencing variables exist. For instance, the presence of primary and secondary patches, as well as deposited wear mass and the surface morphology are important. The 3-D images can shed light on the mechanisms of wear mass deposition. Therefore this study shows new findings about brake particle behavior with regard to pad location and surface.
FISCAL FEDERALISM AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA: A CROSS-STATE ANALYSIS

This study is a cross-sectional analysis that explores the significance of fiscal federalism in the poverty reduction efforts of the government of Federal Republic of Nigeria across 36 states and Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The descriptive analysis showed that the percentage of those who were multi-dimensional-poor have increased between 2014 and 2016 as such surge is recorded in the 23 States of the federation, Yobe State recorded the highest percent of population who were multi-dimensionally poor in 2014 followed by Kebbi State. In 2016 however, more than 63 percent of population from Yobe State were suffering from multi-dimensional poverty, the highest in the federation followed by Zamfara state. The study found that Lagos State had lowest number of populace suffering from multi-dimensional poverty index which is less than 2 percent in 2014 with only marginal increase in 2016. The findings from the study is consistent with the theory of decentralization as fiscal federalism is negatively correlated with the poverty index which indicates that the higher the level of sub-national expenditure, the lower the level of poverty across the state of the federation. Apart from being consistent and contrary to the expectation however, the estimated result reveals that 1% increase in the sub-national expenditures as a result of increase in revenue allocation from central government would lead to 0% reduction in the poverty level in the Nigeria despite change in the fiscal allocation to subnationals. The policy implication of this is that Nigerian fiscal federalism lifted zero number of people out of multi-dimension poverty, this may be attributed to the wide spread of endemic corruption among the politicians, the usual policy somersault and lack of effective policy implementation mechanism and accountability that would have monitored the implementation of developmental program and agenda of sub-nationals after the revenue has been allocated from the centre.
Report on Work in Progress: Deepening of the Equity Premium Puzzle?

This report comments on the work in progress related to consumption based capital asset pricing models. It is written in support of the tenure application of Petr Zemč́ık at CERGE-EI. We first calculate moments of a stochastic discount factor implied by a model with housing services. These moments are shown to be above the Hansen-Jagannathan volatility bounds, which are calculated using US risk-free, stock, and real estate returns, respectively. Second, we construct US quarterly real estate returns that include cash-flows from rents. These are prepared for a later use together with durable consumption, consumption of nondurables and services, housing services, and stock and risk-less returns. Finally, we combine durable consumption and housing services in utility function together with consumption of nondurables and services. We provide some intuition for our conjecture that even in this general model, the risk aversion parameter has to be unrealistically high to match the equity premium in the data.