Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Selective Oxidation of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde to 2,5-Furandicarbaldehyde in Water by Using Anatase, Rutile, and Brookite TiO2 Nanoparticles

5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF) was selectively oxidized to 2,5-furandicarbaldehyde (FDC) in aqueous medium by using home-prepared (HP) anatase, rutile, and brookite TiO2 nanoparticles. HP samples were prepared via a sol–gel method by using TiCl4 as the TiO2 precursor. Commercial TiO2 catalysts were also used for comparison. All samples were characterized by BET specific surface area, XRD, TGA, and SEM, and the reactivity results showed that HP catalysts are predominantly amorphous and give rise to selectivities toward FDC more than twice that of commercial and well-crystallized catalysts.
Electromyography Data Transmission via Galvanic Coupling Intra-body Communication Link

Intra-body communication (IBC) is a novel research filed that will promote personalized medicine by allowing real time and in situ monitoring in daily life. In this work, the energy efficient galvanic coupling (GC) technology is used to send electromyography (EMG) data through intra-body links. Real EMG data are first acquired and recorded with needle electrodes inserted in the muscle of a person's forearm. Then, the data are transferred via GC intra-body communication employing a GC sound card-based testbed. The experiments are conducted by transferring EMG data in both ex-vivo and in-vivo tissue with different electrodes placements. Almost error free performance is achieved with a robust and reliable communication, a valuable result in medical applications.
Variance in student and teacher roles in the contemporary Australasian architecture design studio context

PurposeThis study aims to expose the various roles that teachers and students adopt in the architecture design studio. It highlights how these roles change over time, through three distinct phases, which relate to the stages of the design project. This understanding of how roles change over the semester will guide academics in understanding how to better relate to students.Design/methodology/approachThrough a series of interviews and surveys, this study utilised a modified Delphi method to establish a consensus of opinion, both within and across the three stakeholder groups of students, tutors and coordinators/lecturers. Two rounds of data collection were conducted, with “expert” perceptions of the three stakeholder roles being established.FindingsThe roles that are adopted and perceived by students, tutors and coordinators/lecturers vary over time and respond to the stages of the design project. While there is general agreement between the perceptions of students and their teachers, there are some notable differences at key times.Originality/valueThis research builds upon previous studies into the roles of students and their teachers in the architecture design studio. It provides a nuanced map of how roles change and how interactions happen, over the duration and through the phases, of the architecture design project.
Pharmaceutical Roundtable Study Demonstrates the Value of Continuous Manufacturing in the Design of Greener Processes

The American Chemical Society (ACS) Green Chemistry Institute (GCI) Pharmaceutical Roundtable conducted a study to elucidate the value of continuous processing, which had been defined as a key research area for green engineering. In the course of defining the business case for continuous processing, individual cases were collected and evaluated to determine specific drivers to implement continuous processing and to find key success factors. The magnitude and timing of effects and the relation to the principles of green chemistry were investigated.
Type D Personality as a Risk Factor for Adverse Outcome in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: An Individual Patient-Data Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objective Type D personality, a joint tendency toward negative affectivity and social inhibition, has been linked to adverse events in patients with heart disease, although with inconsistent findings. Here, we apply an individual patient-data meta-analysis to data from 19 prospective cohort studies (N = 11,151) to investigate the prediction of adverse outcomes by type D personality in patients with acquired cardiovascular disease. Method For each outcome (all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, major adverse cardiac event, any adverse event), we estimated type D’s prognostic influence and the moderation by age, sex, and disease type. Results In patients with cardiovascular disease, evidence for a type D effect in terms of the Bayes factor (BF) was strong for major adverse cardiac event (BF = 42.5; odds ratio [OR] = 1.14) and any adverse event (BF = 129.4; OR = 1.15). Evidence for the null hypothesis was found for all-cause mortality (BF = 45.9; OR = 1.03), cardiac mortality (BF = 23.7; OR = 0.99), and myocardial infarction (BF = 16.9; OR = 1.12), suggesting that type D had no effect on these outcomes. This evidence was similar in the subset of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but inconclusive for patients with heart failure (HF). Positive effects were found for negative affectivity on cardiac and all-cause mortality, with the latter being more pronounced in male than female patients. Conclusion Across 19 prospective cohort studies, type D predicts adverse events in patients with CAD, whereas evidence in patients with HF was inconclusive. In both patients with CAD and HF, we found evidence for a null effect of type D on cardiac and all-cause mortality.
Exploring fundamental properties of Mg0.915A0.085H2 (A = Ti, Fe) for potential hydrogen storage application: First‐principles study

The optoelectronic properties of the efficient hydrogen storage material Mg0.915A0. 085H2 (A = Ti, Fe), have been explored in detail using the most effective density functional theory calculations implemented by a Hubbard‐like correction for localized strongly correlated electrons, coupled with a generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to the exchange correlation. The band structures and density of states calculation show that Mg0.915A0. 085H2 (A = Ti, Fe) compounds exhibit semiconductor behavior. The optical behaviors of the present hydrides were scrutinized from the complex dielectric function and discussed based on the electronic structure. Besides the real and imaginary contributions of the complex dielectric function, absorption and refractive index, reflectivity spectra, optical conductivity, and the energy loss function were analyzed. The hydrogen (H2) storage capacity values are 2.4534 wt% and 2.7173 wt% for Mg0.915A0. 085H2 (A = Ti, Fe) compounds, respectively, and within a reasonable free energy of −0.22 eV and −0.17 eV as performed from quasi‐harmonic approximation. The heat capacity and Debye temperature as a function of temperature for vibration analysis based on phonon calculations. MgH2 when alloyed with Fe/Ti atoms provide excellent potential applications for hydrogen storage and optoelectronics.
A General Control Strategy to Micropattern Topological Defects in Nematic Liquid Crystals Using Ionically Charged Dielectric Surface

Tailoring self‐organized nano/microstructures in soft materials is crucial for exploiting intrinsic functional properties toward emerging applications. Engineered topological defects in liquid crystals are interesting for electro‐optical devices as well as for soft actuators morphing surface. Despite the promising potential, there are currently few bottom‐up methods for positioning a large number of defects periodically over a large area. It is highly challenging to develop essential techniques for achieving high‐throughput fabrication with simple procedure. Using ultraviolet/ozone treatment, herein we present a general and robust strategy to produce the surface that can be a platform for a self‐organized micropattern of topological defects in nematic liquid crystals, irrespective of the chemical structure of compounds including polymerizable monomers. The micropattern formation is controllable by applying area‐selective surface modification, which dramatically improves the fabrication efficiency. By low frequency impedance spectroscopy, the distinctive frequency dependence of the apparent threshold voltage at the micropattern formation is experimentally assigned to a unique reorientational response which occurs when a dielectric surface is charged by ionic additives. This characterization provides crucial guidance in further engineering self‐organized topological defects in liquid crystals.
Mixed-Stage Energy Management for Decentralized Microgrid Cluster Based on Enhanced Tube Model Predictive Control

In view of the ineluctable uncertainties induced by renewables and load demand, it becomes challenging to realize reliable online energy scheduling for microgrid clusters. To overcome this challenge, this paper proposes a novel energy management framework based on tube-based model predictive control for off-grid microgrid clusters, which enables the robustness against system uncertainties in the energy scheduling strategy with less sacrifice in economic performance and computational efficiency. The proposed energy management framework adopts a mixed-stage optimization structure, where the concerned problem is progressively optimized along with diverse energy management scales and various prediction horizons. A novel decentralized decomposition and coordination algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers is developed, which enhances privacy preserving and overall convergency. Case studies in presence of high system uncertainties on a typical microgrid cluster demonstrate the effectiveness and computational efficiency of the proposed framework and solving algorithm.
Two-Stage Series Model Predictive Torque Control for PMSM Drives

A two-stage series model predictive torque control for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives is proposed in this article. First, the control of torque and flux linkage is converted to double-torque control (i.e., the control of active torque and reactive torque) based on the instantaneous power theory to eliminate the weighting factor in conventional model predictive torque control. Then, the double-torque prediction trajectory and double-torque reference are extrapolated to two control periods. The concept of two-stage series predictive control is proposed in this article, in which the cost functions of two prediction instants are designed to form series control structure. In the proposed method, the first-stage prediction is used to select candidate voltage vectors and the second-stage prediction is used to evaluate the optimal voltage vector. Since the cost function of two control periods in the future is considered when selecting the voltage vectors, the possibility that the same voltage vector is applied to adjacent control periods increases, thereby reducing the switching frequency of the system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiments.
Research on the distribution spectrum of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with suspected coronary artery disease and the noninvasive screening model for coronary atherosclerosis burden.

Background This study aimed to establish a non-invasive and simple screening model of coronary atherosclerosis burden based on the associations between multiple blood parameters and total plaque score (TPS), segment-stenosis score (SSS), coronary artery disease severity (CADS) in coronary artery disease (CAD) and thus reduce unnecessary coronary angiography (CAG). Methods A total of 1,366 patients with suspected CAD who underwent CAG were included in this study. The clinical risk factors [age, gender, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin (GHB)] were collected. The presence of plaques and lumen stenosis was assessed based on CAG imaging. The TPS, SSS, and CADS were calculated, and the distribution spectrum of atherosclerotic plaques was described. Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple comparison tests was performed to analyze the differences in groups of different risk factors. The selected independent predictors were put into a multivariate logistic model, and the variables were further screened by stepwise regression to establish a screening model. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the selected model's discriminant effect. Results The distributions of TPS and SSS scores were both right-skewed. Among males, both TPS and SSS scores were higher than in females (χ2=46.7659, P<0.0001, χ2=51.6603, P<0.0001). Both TPS and SSS scores increased with age (χ2=123.4456, P<0.0001, χ2=123.4456, P<0.0001). For TPS, the most common position was proximal left anterior descending artery (P-LAD, 51.39%). In SSS, the P-LAD plaque was highest: 0: 48.61%, 1: 10.32%, 2: 9.15%, and 3: 31.92%. The TPS score >5, SSS score >5, and CAD >0 were valuable indicators for SBP, FPG, TG, HDL, and GHB. In the model, TPS score >5, SSS score >5, and CADS >0, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.753 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.713 to 0.789], 0.728 (95% CI: 0.687 to 0.766), and 0.756 (95% CI: 0.717 to 0.793), respectively. Conclusions The most common site of lesions was P-LAD. These models can be used as non-invasive and simple initial screening tools without CAG.
Improving the Treatment Performance of Low Impact Development Practices—Comparison of Sand and Bioretention Soil Mixtures Using Column Experiments

Low impact development (LID) practices, such as bioretention and sand filter basins, are stormwater control measures designed to mitigate the adverse impacts of urbanization on stormwater. LID treatment performance is highly dependent on the media characteristics. The literature suggests that bioretention media often leach nutrients in the stormwater effluent. The objective of this study was to analyze the treatment performance of different sand and bioretention soil mixtures. Specifically, this investigation aimed to answer whether the use of limestone and recycled glass could improve the treatment performance of bioretention systems. Column experiments were designed to assess (1) the removal efficiencies of different sand and bioretention soil mixtures and (2) the impact of plant uptake on removal rates. Enhanced pollutant removal was observed for the custom blends with addition of limestone sand, indicating mean dissolved and total phosphorus removal of 44.5% and 32.6% respectively, while the conventional bioretention soil mixtures leached phosphorus. Moreover, improved treatment of dissolved and total copper was achieved with mean removal rates of 70.7% and 93.4%, respectively. The results suggest that the nutrient effluent concentration decreased with the addition of plants, with mean phosphorus removal of 72.4%, and mean nitrogen removal of 22% for the limestone blend.
Station‐based non‐linear regression downscaling approach: A new monthly precipitation downscaling technique

Statistical downscaling is an effective way to downscale General Circulation Model (GCM) outputs to a finer temporal and spatial scale. Here, we proposed and trained a new station‐based non‐linear regression downscaling (SNRD) approach, and quantitatively demonstrated its better performance than linear regression model. In addition, we also compared the SNRD method with the Bias Correction Spatial Disaggregation (BCSD) method, which has been widely applied on downscaling precipitation. Results indicated that RMSEs and residuals of the BCSD method are 4.6–31 times as ones of SNRD in each region of China during validation period (2004–2015). Besides, with historical in‐situ observed monthly mean precipitation as the benchmark, SNRD downscaled model modified the over‐estimation (1.25–2 times as observed precipitation) flaw of BCSD model in rainy season (June–August) of China, which could provide assistance on the further researches on drought events in rainy season in future. Further, we also surprisingly found that the 2,500 m was the threshold height for statistical downscaling models. Both BCSD and SNRD downscaled precipitation displayed more steadily and accurately above 2,500 m, since there are less intense human activities in China. Thus, we recommend further studies should fully consider the height element in downscaling models to improve the accuracies.
Glucosamine-6-Phosphate Synthase de Mycobacterium tuberculosis um estudo in silico para predição de um modelo tridimensional refinado

A Tuberculose é uma das principais causas de morte por um agente infeccioso no mundo, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde. Estudos indicam que enzimas envolvidas na biossíntese de uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine são essenciais para o ciclo de vida da bactéria. Uma dessas enzimas é a glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlmS), que não possui estrutura tridimensional disponibilizada nos bancos de dados de proteínas na internet. Neste trabalho, métodos de bioinformática estrutural (modelagem comparativa e refinamento molecular) foram utilizados para construir um modelo tridimensional refinado para a enzima GlmS de Mycobacterium tuberculosis. O modelo foi gerado utilizando quatro estruturas moldes (cristalográficas). Os resultados obtidos para os parâmetros estereoquímicos e gerais do modelo refinado foram melhores que o modelo original e similares aos das estruturas moldes, validando o modelo refinado.
The Science of Reading Progresses: Communicating Advances Beyond the Simple View of Reading

The simple view of reading is commonly presented to educators in professional development about the science of reading. The simple view is a useful tool for conveying the undeniable importance— in fact, the necessity— of both decoding and linguistic comprehension for reading. Research in the 35 years since the theory was proposed has revealed additional understandings about reading. In this article, we synthesize research documenting three of these advances: (1) Reading difficulties have a number of causes, not all of which fall under decoding and/or listening comprehension as posited in the simple view; (2) rather than influencing reading solely independently, as conceived in the simple view, decoding and listening comprehension (or in terms more commonly used in reference to the simple view today, word recognition and language comprehension) overlap in important ways; and (3) there are many contributors to reading not named in the simple view, such as active, selfregulatory processes, that play a substantial role in reading. We point to research showing that instruction aligned with these advances can improve students’ reading. We present a theory, which we call the active view of reading, that is an expansion of the simple view and can be used to convey these important advances to current and future educators. We discuss the need to lift up updated theories and models to guide practitioners’ work in supporting students’ reading development in classrooms and interventions. The simple view of reading (SVR; Gough & Tunmer, 1986) is widely used to explain the science of reading to classroom teachers and others involved in reading education and to guide instructional practice (e.g., Moats, Bennett, & Cohen, 2018; Rose, 2006, 2017). In fact, a Google search finds that the terms science of reading and simple view appear together in websites over 71,000 times, and although 35 years old, the theory is cited more often now than ever. Yet, science progresses. Our purpose in this article is to describe three key advances that have emerged in the scientific evidence since the formulation of the SVR. We identify research studies that have shown that instruction aligned with each of these advances improves students’ reading. We also present a model of reading that can be used to convey these important advances to current and future educators so as to better align instructional practice with the evolving science of reading. Although a number of more complex models of reading have been proposed and shown to hold up well in research (e.g., Cromley & Azevedo, 2007; Joshi & Aaron, 2000; Kim, 2017), the SVR has remained the model most commonly presented to practitioners. This is likely partly because of lack of awareness of some modelbuilding and Nell K. Duke University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Charging Behavior Analysis of New Energy Vehicles

In recent years, new energy vehicles in Beijing have developed rapidly. This creates a huge demand for charging. It is a difficult problem to accurately identify the charging behavior of new energy vehicles and evaluate the use effect of social charging piles (CART piles) in Beijing. In response, this paper established the charging characteristics analysis model of new energy logistics vehicles based on the positioning data of new energy logistics vehicles. It also researched vehicle SOC and charging electricity and analyzed the utilization characteristics of charging facilities operation by using the operation data of charging facilities. Finally, this paper established the evaluation index system of regional charging facility layout to evaluate the construction level of charging facilities in each district.
Rheological Characterization of a Concentrated Phosphate Slurry

Phosphate ore slurry is a suspension of insoluble particles of phosphate rock, the primary raw material for fertilizer and phosphoric acid, in a continuous phase of water. This suspension has a non-Newtonian flow behavior and exhibits yield stress as the shear rate tends toward zero. The suspended particles in the present study were assumed to be noncolloidal. Various grades and phosphate ore concentrations were chosen for this rheological investigation. We created some experimental protocols to determine the main characteristics of these complex fluids and established relevant rheological models with a view to simulate the numerical flow in a cylindrical pipeline. Rheograms of these slurries were obtained using a rotational rheometer and were accurately modeled with commonly used yield-pseudoplastic models. The results show that the concentration of solids in a solid–liquid mixture could be increased while maintaining a desired apparent viscosity. Finally, the design equations for the laminar pipe flow of yield pseudoplastics were investigated to highlight the role of rheological studies in this context.
An enhanced even swaps method based on prospect theory with hesitant fuzzy linguistic information and its application to the selection of emergency logistics plans under the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak

Abstract The even swaps method considering the trade-offs between criteria is an effective multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method; nevertheless, when implementing it, decision makers are subjected to heavy psychological burdens. The prospect theory can model the psychological characteristics of decision makers to relieve the psychological burdens of decision makers. Thus, it is effective to incorporate the prospect theory into the even swaps method so as to lighten the psychological burdens of decision makers in the even swaps method. Given that the HFLTS is a useful tool to express complex and complete evaluation information, this study aims to propose an even swaps method based on the prospect theory with hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs). To catch this goal, in the even swaps method, the value function of the prospect theory is used to measure the utility changes in the trade-offs between criteria. Then, the swapped values used to rank alternatives under the measuring stick criterion are calculated based on the operations of HFLTSs. A case study about the selection of emergency logistics plans under the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method. The sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis illustrate the reliability and stability of the proposed method.