Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating trends in those who experience menstrual bleeding changes after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

Early in 2021, many people began sharing that they experienced unexpected menstrual bleeding after SARS-CoV-2 inoculation. We investigated this emerging phenomenon of changed menstrual bleeding patterns among a convenience sample of currently and formerly menstruating people using a web-based survey. In this sample, 42% of people with regular menstrual cycles bled more heavily than usual, while 44% reported no change after being vaccinated. Among respondents who typically do not menstruate, 71% of people on long-acting reversible contraceptives, 39% of people on gender-affirming hormones, and 66% of postmenopausal people reported breakthrough bleeding. We found that increased/breakthrough bleeding was significantly associated with age, systemic vaccine side effects (fever and/or fatigue), history of pregnancy or birth, and ethnicity. Generally, changes to menstrual bleeding are not uncommon or dangerous, yet attention to these experiences is necessary to build trust in medicine.
GPU and CPU-Based Parallel FDTD Methods for Frequency-Dependent Transmission Line Models

Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) is a popular method utilized for solving frequency-dependent transmission line structures. It is also conveniently applicable to nonuniform wires. The FDTD algorithm discretizes the transmission line problem into a finite number of space-segments and solve for the voltage and current of each segment at every time-step. Therefore, they inherently involve more computations per timestep than conventional terminal based models. In this letter, parallel implementations of a modified FDTD algorithm for a frequency-dependent transmission line problem using multicore CPU and GPU architectures are proposed in order to increase its computational efficiency. Accuracy and performance of the parallel FDTD methods are discussed with examples. The results indicate that a speedup of a few folds compared to serial execution is achieved by the parallel implementation using multicore CPU architecture whereas a massive speedup is achieved by using GPU. The proposed model is also suitable for modelling transmission lines in massively parallel electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation methods.
Fire Detection in Video Sequences Based on Static and Dynamic Features

: In this paper we propose the efficient smoke and flame detection algorithms for intelligent video surveillance systems. Our algorithms consider dynamic and static features of smoke and flame including contrast, color, texture features and motion information. For smoke detection, the approach uses the motion and contrast as the two key features of smoke. Motion is a primary sign and it is used at the beginning for candidate areas extraction from a current frame. Furthermore, the direction of smoke distribution is also considered as an estimated movement based on the optical flow technique. For flame detection, we use the color image segmentation technique. Firstly, the temporal and spatial wavelets are analyzed. Then, color and texture features for candidate flame regions are extracted. Texture features are defined based on the normalized gray level co-occurrence matrix after computation of local binary pattern. Experimental results asserted the advantages of the proposed fire detection in the diversity of test video sequences.
A Wide-Dynamic-Range Neural-Recording IC With Automatic-Gain-Controlled AFE and CT Dynamic-Zoom ΔΣ ADC for Saturation-Free Closed-Loop Neural Interfaces

This article presents a neural-recording IC with automatic gain control (AGC) according to the input signal level. AGC enhances the dynamic range (DR) of the recording IC by more than 30 dB and allows it to take the benefits of the front-end amplification-based and direct-conversion-based recording structures concurrently. By adaptively controlling the analog front-end (AFE) gain, the input-referred noise (IRN) of the overall system is greatly reduced while ensuring a wide DR. A continuous-time (CT) dynamic-zoom <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta \Sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ADC (CT-Zoom-ADC) is used for power-efficient two-step conversion. The coarse conversion output is reused for AGC, and the fine conversion resolution is adjusted adaptively by modifying the oversampling ratio according to the varying AFE gain. The presented neural-recording IC achieves 99.5-dB DR and 6.1-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{V}_{\textrm {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> IRN over 5-kHz bandwidth, resulting in FoM<sub>DR</sub> of 185.2 dB, the effective number of bits (ENOB) of 11.4 bits, and tolerance against artifacts with differential voltage amplitudes up to 1.6 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{V}_{\text {pp}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Measurements with pulsatile artifacts and experiments <italic>in vivo</italic> validate that the proposed IC is applicable to the closed-loop neural interface.
VLTI/Hi-5: detection yield predictions for young giant exoplanets

The Hi-5 instrument, a proposed high-contrast L' band (3.5-4.0 μm) nulling interferometer for the visitor focus of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI), will characterize young extra-solar planetary systems and exozodiacal dust around nearby main-sequence stars. Thanks to VLTI's angular resolution (λ=B = 5 mas for the longest UT baseline), it will fill the gap between young giant exoplanets discovered by ongoing single-aperture direct imaging surveys and exoplanet populations discovered by radial velocity surveys. In this paper, we investigate the exoplanet detection yield of Hi-5. First, we present the latest catalog of stars identified as members of young stellar associations within 150 pc of the Sun thanks to the BANYAN algorithm and other searches for young moving group members. Realistic exoplanet populations are then generated around these stars and processed with the SCIFYsim tool, the end-to-end simulator for the Hi-5 instrument. Then, two formation models are used to estimate the giant planet's luminosity. The first is the New Generation Planetary Population Synthesis (NGPPS), also known as the Bern model, and the second is a statistical model based on gravitational instability (hot-start model - AMES-Dusty model). We show that Hi-5 is insensitive to cold-start planets but can detect giant hot-start planets. With ATs, more than 40 planets could be detected assuming 20 nights of observations. With its unique capabilities, Hi-5 is also able to constrain in mass the observed systems. Hi-5 is sensitive to planets with a mass > 2 Mjup around the snow line.
User Association and Hybrid Beamforming Designs for Cooperative mmWave MIMO Systems

Hybrid analog and digital beamforming has emerged as a key enabling technology for millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems since it can balance the trade-off between system performance and hardware efficiency. Owing to the strong ability of central control, cooperative networks show great potential to enhance the spectral efficiency of mmWave communications. In this paper, we consider cooperative mmWave MIMO systems and propose user association and hybrid beamforming design algorithms for three typical hybrid beamforming architectures. The central processing unit (CPU) of the cooperative networks first matches the service pairs of base stations (BSs) and users. Then, an iterative hybrid beamforming design algorithm is proposed to maximize the weighted achievable sum-rate performance of the mmWave MIMO system with fully connected hybrid beamforming architecture. Moreover, a heuristic analog beamforming design algorithm is introduced for the fixed subarray hybrid beamforming architecture. In an effort to further exploit multiple-antenna diversities, we also consider the dynamic subarray architecture and propose a novel antenna design algorithm for the analog beamforming design. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed hybrid beamforming algorithms achieve a significant performance improvement than other existing approaches and the dynamic subarray architecture has great advantages of improving the energy efficiency (EE) performance.
Modeling the symmetric relation between Baltic Exchange indexes

PurposeThis research provides some evidence by the vine copula approach, suggesting the significant and symmetric causal relation between subsections of Baltic Exchange and hence concluding that investing in different indexes, which is currently a risk diversification system, is not a correct risk reduction strategy.Design/methodology/approachThe daily observations of Baltic Capesize Index (BCI), Baltic Handysize Index (BHSI), Baltic Dirty Tanker Index (BDTI) and Baltic LNG Tanker Index (BLNG) over an eight-year period have been used. After collecting data, calculating the return and estimating the marginal distribution of return rates for each of the indexes applying asymmetric power generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity and autoregressive moving average (APGARCH-ARMA), and with the assumption of skew student's t-distribution, the dependence of Baltic indexes was modeled based on Vine-R structures.FindingsA positive and symmetrical correlation was observed between the study groups. High and low tail dependence is observed between all four indexes. In other words, the sector business groups associated with each of these indexes react similarly to the extreme events of other groups. The BHSI has a pivotal role in examining the dependency structure of Baltic Exchange indexes. That is, in addition to the direct dependence of Baltic groups, the dependence of each group on the BHSI can transmit accidents and shocks to other groups.Practical implicationsSince the Baltic Exchange indexes are tradable, these findings have implications for portfolio design and hedging strategies for investors in shipping markets.Originality/valueVine copula structures proves the causal relationship between different Baltic Exchange indexes, which are derived from different types of markets.
BASS. XXVIII. Near-infrared Data Release 2: High-ionization and Broad Lines in Active Galactic Nuclei

We present the BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey (BASS) Near-infrared Data Release 2 (DR2), a study of 168 nearby ( z¯=0.04 , z < 0.6) active galactic nuclei (AGN) from the all-sky Swift Burst Array Telescope X-ray survey observed with the Very Large Telescope (VLT)/X-shooter in the near-infrared (NIR; 0.8–2.4 μm). We find that 49/109 (45%) Seyfert 2 and 35/58 (60%) Seyfert 1 galaxies observed with VLT/X-shooter show at least one NIR high-ionization coronal line (CL; ionization potential χ > 100 eV). Comparing the emission of the [Si vi] λ1.9640 CL with the X-ray emission for the DR2 AGN, we find a significantly tighter correlation, with a lower scatter (0.37 dex) than that for the optical [O iii] λ5007 line (0.71 dex). We do not find any correlation between CL emission and the X-ray photon index Γ. We find a clear trend of line blueshifts with increasing ionization potential in several CLs, such as [Si vi] λ1.9640, [Si x] λ1. 4300, [S viii] λ0. 9915, and [S ix] λ1. 2520, indicating the radial structure of the CL region. Finally, we find a strong underestimation bias in black hole mass measurements of Sy 1.9 using broad Hα due to the presence of significant dust obscuration. In contrast, the broad Paα and Paβ emission lines are in agreement with the M–σ relation. Based on the combined DR1 and DR2 X-shooter sample, the NIR BASS sample now comprises 266 AGN with rest-frame NIR spectroscopic observations, the largest set assembled to date.
Analytic vs. numerical solutions to a Sturm-Liouville transmission eigenproblem

An elliptic one-dimensional second order boundary value problem involving discontinuous coefficients, with or without transmission conditions, is considered. For the former case by a direct sum spaces method we show that the eigenvalues are real, geometrically simple and the eigenfunctions are orthogonal. Then the eigenpairs are computed numerically by a local linear finite element method (FEM) and by some global spectral collocation methods. The spectral collocation is based on Chebyshev polynomials (ChC) for problems on bounded intervals respectively on Fourier system (FsC) for periodic problems. The numerical stability in computing eigenvalues is investigated by estimating their (relative) drift with respect to the order of approximation. The accuracy in computing the eigenvectors is addressed by estimating their departure from orthogonality as well as by the asymptotic order of convergence. The discontinuity of coefficients in the problems at hand reduces the exponential order of convergence, usual for any well designed spectral algorithm, to an algebraic one. As expected, the accuracy of ChC outcomes overpasses by far that of FEM outcomes.
Moral Disengagement Mechanisms and Personality Dimensions Implicit to Homophobia

Recent advances in sexual equality and diversity have not been able to mitigate the serious problem of discrimination suffered by sexual minorities. The most serious cases involve violence and physical or psychological aggression towards sexual orientations that differ from the heterosexual norm. This research analyses the dimensions of the personality and the moral disengagement mechanisms related to homophobia and the predictive value they have for hostile attitudes towards sexual diversity. The sample was made up of 849 university students between 18 and 24 years of age. The instruments used were the Modern Homophobia Scale (MHS), the Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement Scale (MMDS), and the reduced version of the Neo Personality Inventory—Reduced Version (NEO-FFI). The results show the involvement of moral disengagement in homophobia. It highlights evidence of subtle intimidatory behaviour patterns of rejection towards homosexuality. Furthermore, the low levels in the dimensions of a friendly personality and openness to experiences can be seen to predict homophobic behaviour. Thus, young people fall back on diverse mechanisms of moral disengagement to justify harmful attitudes towards the LGTBI collective. The results of the research are particularly relevant and useful for setting up programmes aimed at preventing and mitigating this serious problem of sexual discrimination.
“It Depends on Where You Are and What Job You Do”: Differences in Tobacco Use across Career Fields in the United States Air Force

While tobacco use within the military is often discussed as being homogenously part of U.S. military culture, literature from civilian populations highlights that tobacco use varies by career field (e.g., “white collar” vs. “blue collar”). The objective of this qualitative study was to compare tobacco use by career fields in the U.S. Air Force. Airmen, Military Training Instructors, and Technical Training Instructors participated in 22 focus groups across five major Air Force Technical Training bases. Focus groups were conducted in-person using semi-structured interview guides and were audio-recorded. A conventional content-coding approach was used to code transcripts. Participants described substantial variation across the careers, which was attributed to social norms and the nature of jobs. Individuals in careers that spend most of their time outside were more likely to permit tobacco use. Conversely, tobacco use was seen as stigmatized in medical fields. Additionally, smokeless tobacco was identified as popular in certain careers because it could be used covertly on the job. Findings suggest that a one-size-fits-all approach to reducing tobacco use through policies and programs may not reflect the realities of military tobacco use. These findings may provide insights into other branches of the U.S. military with similar career fields.
Facile application of used engine oil in high sulfur coal briquetting to reduce the hazardous emission gases

ABSTRACT Non-hazardous coal briquettes were prepared from the blend of indigenous Lakhra coal containing high sulfur, slaked lime, used engine oil and bentonite clay. Briquettes were prepared with different compositions to observe the respective behavior of components. Raw coal and coal briquettes were characterized with ultimate and proximate analysis, TGA, emission gas analysis, mechanical strength, and smoke number. The optimized briquetting composition was observed as 72% raw coal, 16% bentonite clay as binder, 6% slaked lime and 6% used engine oil. Ignition time of this composition was reduced from 12 minutes to 6 minutes. Testo smoke number of coal briquette was much lower than that of raw coal, and higher amount of smoke in raw coal was reduced by briquetting. The heating value in optimized briquette batch 4 was higher as compared to other briquetting batches. TGA test showed that temperature rise per unit time was similar for both in raw coal as well as in coal briquettes, while the weight reduced per unit time was less for coal briquettes as compared to raw coal. Also the mechanical Strength was achieved up to 17.96 MPa. It was observed that mechanical strength was increased in coal briquettes with increase in amount of oil.
The Progress of Carbon Coating Modification on the Surface of Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode Materials

Due to the urgent need for sustainable development of human society, new energy materials have become one of the hot topics for major powers in the world. Thereinto, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) as a battery cathode material owing to its high safety, less pollution, low cost, which has achieved remarkable results. The low electrical conductivity and slow diffusion of lithium ions have led to a number of improvements. Carbon materials are inexpensive, non-toxic, non-polluting, widely available and highly conductive. Contemporarily, carbon cladding modification on the surface of lithium iron phosphate to improve its multiplicative performance and cycle life is currently the most widely used and economically feasible method. This paper first briefly describes the development history, basic structure and principle of lithium-ion batteries. Subsequently, we review three different surface carbon coating synthesis methods and analyse the impact of each method on battery performance, and looks into the future of lithium iron phosphate cathode materials. These results shed light on carbon cladding as a surface modification technique, which can significantly improve the multiplicity and cycling performance of LiFePO4 when applied to the field.
Relationship between Tactile Sensation, Motor Activity, and Differential Brain Activity in Young Individuals

In this study, we compared the differences in brain activation associated with the different types of objects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twenty-six participants in their 20s underwent fMRI while grasping four different types of objects. After the experiment, all of the participants completed a questionnaire based on the Likert Scale, which asked them about the sensations they experienced while grasping each object (comfort, hardness, pain, ease in grasping). We investigated the relationship between brain activity and the results of the survey; characteristic brain activity for each object was correlated with the results of the questionnaire, indicating that each object produced a different sensation response in the participants. Additionally, we observed brain activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus), the primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus), and the cerebellum exterior during the gripping task. Our study shows that gripping different objects produces activity in specific and distinct brain regions and suggests an “action appraisal” mechanism, which is considered to be the act of integrating multiple different sensory information and connecting it to actual action. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to observe brain activity in response to tactile stimuli and motor activity simultaneously.
Mobile Based Location Prediction for Moving Objects

This paper mainly aims to provide the location related information about the target to the tracker with the help of Short Message Service. The two main techniques used in this paper are SMS and GPS.SMS is a user-pay service. So we should not use it extensively.GPS is used because of its high positioning accuracy. It can provide the correct location information with minimum error. The method used to track the position of a target is known as Location Based Delivery. This mobile based application not only reduces the number os SMS transmissions but also maintaining a location tracking accuracy with acceptable range. The three main features used in this method are SMS delivery, location prediction and dynamic threshold. Another secondary feature includes a viewing Map. Location prediction module is built on both the tracker and the target. Dynamic threshold is another feature which will reduce the number of short message transmissions. We are dynamically adjusting the threshold value according to the moving speed of the vehicle in real time. So this dynamic threshold module is coming in target side. this paper can be used to track the location of buses. Once the location information is obtained, this information is sent to the tracker through SMS.
New Insights into Xanthophylls and Lipidomic Profile Changes Induced by Glucose Supplementation in the Marine Diatom Nitzschia laevis

Nitzschia laevis is a candidate microorganism for bioactive compounds (fucoxanthin and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) production. In this study, the impacts of glucose-induced trophic transition on biomass, photosynthesis, pigments, and lipid profiles were examined. The specific growth rate was increased under glucose addition, achieved at 0.47 day−1 (0.26 ± 0.01 day−1 for the group without glucose in medium). However, the photosynthetic parameters and pigments including chlorophylls, fucoxanthin, and diatoxanthin were reduced. The net yield of EPA doubled under glucose addition, reaching 20.36 ± 1.22 mg/L in 4 days. In addition, the alteration in detailed lipid molecular species was demonstrated with a focus on EPA-enriched lipids. The effects of 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) indicated that glucose phosphorylation was involved in glucose-induced regulation. These findings provide novel data for guiding the application of this diatom strain in the functional food industries.
CCAT-prime: mirror panel manufacture for FYST

The Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST) is a 6-meter diameter telescope with a surface accuracy of 10.7 microns, operating at submillimeter to millimeter wavelengths (100 GHz – 1.5 THz). It will be located at 5600 meters elevation on Cerro Chajnantor in the Atacama desert of northern Chile overlooking the ALMA site. Its novel optical “crossed-Dragone” design will deliver a high-throughput, wide field-of-view telescope capable of mapping the sky very rapidly and efficiently. This paper discusses the mirror panel production and its contribution to the overall half wave front error of the telescope. The first half details the panel manufacturing precision. The effect of panel production quality on the beam shape and beam quality is presented. The second half of the paper looks at the local surface roughness of a mirror panel. Surface roughness data for a machined panel with an etched surface are presented. Some non-ideal surface features for an etched panel are discussed.