Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ontogenetic change of signal brightness in the foot-flagging frog species Staurois guttatus and S. parvus

Wahrend intraspezifischer Kommunikation bedienen sich einige Anuren auffalliger optischer Signale. Im Gegensatz zu Signaleigenschaften bei Adulttieren, die mittlerweile gut dokumentiert sind, ist uber die Variation und die ontogenetischen Veranderungen von optischen Signalen bei Jungtieren nur wenig bekannt. Bereits wenige Tage nach der Metamorphose wurde das Winken mit den Hinterbeinen bei den aus Borneo stammenden Froscharten Staurois guttatus und S. parvus beobachtet. Wir untersuchten die Farbparameter der Schwimmhaute und der Ruckenfarbung in Abhangigkeit von Alter und Korpergrose, einer Nachzucht des Zoo Schonbrunns, mittels Spektrophotometrie. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Helligkeit der Schwimmhaute bei beiden Winkerfroscharten mit dem Alter ansteigt. Zusatzlich verglichen wir unsere Messresultate mit jenen einer Adultpopulation von Brunei und diskutieren mogliche Unterschiede hinsichtlich Ernahrung, Alter und unterschiedlicher Habitatnutzung von Juvenilen und Adulten. Wir vermuten, dass der ontogenetische Anstieg der Helligkeit der Schwimmhaute die optische Auffalligkeit, und somit das Signal-Rausch-Verhaltnis verbessert und mit dem Erreichen der Geschlechtsreife zusammenhangt.
A new method of analysing the intracerebral haemorrhage signal intensity on brain MRI images using frequency domain techniques

Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) has become an established part of neuroimaging and is used to diagnose and characterize several neurologic disorders. Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH) is a severe medical condition, which may develop quickly into a life-threatening situation, and thereby requires prompt medical attention. Early and reliable identification of the age of haemorrhage is essential when choosing the correct treatment, and estimating patient’s diagnosis and outcome. Diffusion Weighted (DW) images presents a variation in the image signal intensity characteristics relative to the different stages of ICH. In the present paper, an effort is made to document the variation in the image signal intensity characteristics of ICH at evolving stages, for 30 subjects, using High Frequency Power (HFP) parameter. Results showed that the difference in the HFP values on DW images for the subjects with ICH com- pared to their contralateral normal hemisphere, were highly significant (p 14 days). There was a negative correlation (r = ? 0.81) observed between the RHFP values and the evolving stages of ICH. The results indicate that the quantitative changes in the RHFP values can be assessed to derive information about the stage of ICH, and their adoption in clinical diagnosis and treatment could be helpful and informative.
Listening Visits to Mothers' Suffering with Mild to Moderate Peri-Natal Depression; Critical Issues of Clinical Supervision, Training and Health Visiting Capacity to Tackle Health Inequalities

The importance of United Kingdom health visitors' in the detection and treatment of peri-natal depression in primary care services is well documented. Evidence based policy and clinical guidelines make recommendations for the prediction, detection and treatment of women with mild to moderate depression in the postnatal period continuing up to a year after delivery. An inter-professional cross organisational practice development project aimed to assess the provision of antenatal and peri-natal mental health care within one health visiting service in accordance with NICE guidelines (2007). This paper discusses the disparity between guidelines and health visiting practice; a lack of training in listening visits or other psycho therapeutic methods, poor access and availability of clinical supervision, commissioning reforms leading to larger health visiting caseloads suggesting the service is unable to meet NICE recommendations. Lastly, the evidence suggests the scope and practice of community nurses' within health visiting teams should be expanded.
An Adaptive Packet Size Approach to TCP Congestion Control

This thesis investigates the ability for TCP, the dominant transport protocol used in the Internet, to fairly allocate bandwidth to all competing sources under condi tions of severe congestion. The conditions necessary for such congestion are quite common, and we have observed that the TCP congestion control algorithm does a poor job of balancing the bandwidth fairly among competing flows. We present a potential solution to this problem by using a variable maximum segment size in TCP. We show the benefits gained by doing this along with some of the problems encountered in the course of this work.
Effectiveness of a Peptide-rich Fraction from Xenorhabdus budapestensis Culture against Fire Blight Disease on Apple Blossoms

Erwinia amylovora is one of the most frequently occurred plant pathogenic bacterium. It causes necrosis and blight symptoms on host plantsand it lead to considerable yield losses throughout the world on apple trees. There is no effective chemical treatment is currently available against fire blight. The purpose of the present study was to search a new, alternative control method. The evaluation of the plant protection potential of an enriched fraction of Xenorhabdus budapestensis cell-free conditioned media was investigated. Purified samples were tested in vitro and in plantaagainst the phytopathogenic bacterium. A reproducible method for isolation of a peptide-rich fraction from Xenorhabdus cell-free conditionedmedia was established. The process resulted in 400 mg of dry sample prepared from three litres of Xenorhabdus cell culture. Significant correlation was found between the concentration of the purified preparation and the induced inactivation zones against Erwinia amylovora Ea1 in agardiffusion test method. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the purified fraction against Ea1strain were 8 ;g/mL and 16 ;g/mL, respectively. In planta experiments were tested on an apple cultivar (‘Watson Jonathan’) susceptible to fireblight. The effective range of concentration was 62-200 μg/mL, while treatment with 300 μg/mL and larger amounts caused necrotic symptomson the petals of flowers. Current study pointed to the effectiveness of the compounds produced by X. budapestensis against fire blight. Thedevelopment of a commercially applicable formulation of these compounds would allow growers to effectively control fire blight in apple and pearorchards.
Title A Combined Traveler Behavior And System Performance Model With ATIS Permalink

The goal of this study is to develop a framework for evaluating the effect of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). The framework uses a traveler behavior model of route diversion imbedded in a queuing model to evaluate ATIS impacts in incident conditions. The unique feature of our methodology is the integration of realistic traveler behavior with a system performance model while accounting for the effect of real-time travel information. To demonstrate the application of our methodology, we consider the evolution of queues on a two-link network with an incident bottleneck during unsaturated (off-peak) and over-saturated (peak) conditions. The assignment of traffic is based on a probabilistic reported behavior model of route diversion and a deterministic full compliance model which assumes behavior. The results indicate that overall system performance, measured by delay and travel times, improves marginally with increased market penetration of ATIS with the reported behavior model. The reasons for limited benefits are that in real-life situations (1) people observe incident queues and receive incident information from radio reports, and (2) they place a relatively high value on avoiding queuing delay; consequently, they divert--congesting alternate routes and limiting the potential for additional benefits. The results also indicate that in certain situations, characterized by higher incident durations and flow rates, ATIS may provide significant system benefits.
E valuation of a prefermentation-fractionated by-product corn grain dry milling ethanol process in growing and finishing cattle diets 1

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate feeding a new by-product feed containing bran and solubles from a prefermentation-fractionated dry milling process, Dakota Bran (DBRAN), and compare this to feeding dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS). In the growing experiment, 256 crossbred steer calves (BW = 281 ± 23.2 kg) were fed 4 diets designed as a 2 × 2 factorial with factors of level (15 or 30%) and type (dried and pelleted DBRAN or DDGS fed as a meal) in which by-products replaced a 70:30 blend (DM basis) of bromegrass hay and alfalfa haylage. No significant interactions (P ≥ 0.33) were observed for cattle performance between by-product level and type. Ending BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F increased (P < 0.01) as by-product inclusion increased from 15 to 30% DM. Feeding DDGS improved ADG and G:F (P ≤ 0.05) compared with feeding DBRAN. In the finishing experiment, 300 crossbred yearling steers (BW = 379 ± 20.0 kg) were fed diets containing 0, 15, 30, or 45% wet DBRAN, or 30% DDGS, in which by-products replaced dry-rolled and high-moisture corn (1:1 blend, DM basis). Final BW, ADG, G:F, and HCW improved linearly (P < 0.01), while calculated energy values tended to increase linearly (P = 0.14) as dietary inclusion of DBRAN increased. At 30% of diet DM, feeding DBRAN resulted in similar performance and calculated energy values to feeding DDGS. Including DBRAN in growing and finishing diets improved cattle performance; however, performance from feeding DBRAN was similar to slightly less than performance from feeding DDGS. The feeding value of DBRAN was similar in growing diets and slightly better in finishing diets than that of corn.
Seismicity in a Scattered Mining Environment—A Rock Engineering Interpretation

In 1996, a study was conducted to assess seismic response for different stages and situations in a scattered mining environment. Seven different areas within a geologically complex mining block where analysed in an attempt to assess seismic response in terms of: differences in depth; proximity to geological structures; mining towards solid and mining towards an already mined out area. This analysis was conducted using various statistical and seismicity parameters to describe and compare different mining situations and the rockmass response to production. A rock engineering interpretation of the seismic observations was attempted in terms of anticipated stress levels, deformation and relative seismic hazard. It was possible to explain the seismic observations in practical and logical rock engineering terms and it was found that some parameters were good indicators of the local rockmass stiffness and could be related to areas where high levels of stress induced fracturing were expected. From this it was concluded that seismic observations could assist in day-to-day rock engineering analyses and assist as a decision making tool. Seismicity in a Scattered Mining Environment— A Rock Engineering Interpretation
Democratic Values, Religiosity, and Support for Same-Sex Marriage in Latin America

Abstract Latin America has been at the forefront of the expansion of rights for same-sex couples. Proponents of same-sex marriage frame the issue as related to human rights and democratic deepening; opponents emphasize morality tied to religious values. Elite framing shapes public opinion when frames resonate with individuals’ values and the frame source is deemed credible. Using surveys in 18 Latin American countries in 2010 and 2012, this article demonstrates that democratic values are associated with support for same-sex marriage while religiosity reduces support, particularly among strong democrats. The tension between democratic and religious values is particularly salient for women, people who live outside the capital city, and people who came of age during or before democratization.
Analysis of multi-element airfoil configurations: a numerical approach

Multi element airfoils are high lift devices and provide improved aerodynamic characteristics which are beneficial for several applications such as aircraft wings, wind turbine blades. Simulations were performed using the computational panel code developed in MATLAB for the airfoils, 30P30N, GA (W)-1, RAF16, NLR 7301 configurations. The results were obtained for varying angle of attacks from -10 to 20 deg to include the effects of turbulence. Thelift and drag coefficients are evaluated for the airfoil configurations, 30P30N, for Reynolds number range of 1.6x10 5 – 1x10 6 . The velocity and pressure contours distributions are illustrated to predict the laminar to turbulent flow characteristicson the airfoil surface.The maximum lift coefficient for single slotted flap element is found to decrease for large angle of attack beyond the stall region and for slat element the increase in lift is found to be marginal at high angle of attack. The maximum lift coefficient obtained including flap and slat elements is 3.62 and the drag coefficient is 0.368.
Field Evaluation of a New Railway Dispatching Software

In this paper, we present a program which assists in choosing the right evaluation methods. The Test Selection Program contains a four step method for choosing evaluation methods: describing important boundary conditions of the study, defining important evaluation criteria, choosing evaluation methods and deciding on the right order in time. As a practical example, connection dispatching will be introduced and used to illustrate the functionality of this program. Keywords-evaluation methods; connection dispatching; usability; railway engineering.
ii MPEG-4 IPMPX 系統在 MPEG-21 測試平台上的設計與實現 MPEG-4 IPMPX Design and Implementation on MPEG-21 Testbed 研究生 : 范振韋 Student

Distribution of digital media content is a trend in recent years. The issues of protecting the rights of digital content are thus becoming more and more important. In the thesis, the IPMPX system (Intellectual Property Management and Protection Extension system), a Digital Rights Management interface and architecture developed by MPEG is introduced and implemented. The goal of this thesis is to study the IPMP standard and design an MPEG-4 IPMPX system implementation on the MPEG-21 Multimedia Test Bed. MPEG-21 Test Bed is a part of MPEG standard for testing multimedia resource delivery. We integrate the MPEG-4 IPMP system into the MPEG-21 Testbed to perform the functions of IPMP such as en/decryption and watermarking. We design the software architecture of the IPMP system including its APIs. Furthermore, we design and implement an application example which uses the IPMPX system with MPEG-21 Test Bed to show its powerful functionalities. To match the other parts of the MEPG-21 Test Bed, the IPMP subsystem realization is written in C++. The IPMP subsystem together with the application example has been completed and described in
Application of Numerical Methods in Design of Embedded Retaining Structures According to Eurocode 7

Embedded retaining structures are commonly designed based on the limit equilibrium concept. This approach may sometimes leads to significant shortcomings, mainly because it is difficult, often impossible, to estimate the effect that soil movement may have on adjacent buildings or services. Contrary to the traditional design methods, and as an alternative to them, numerical solutions, now based mostly upon finite element and finite difference techniques, can provide the engineer with all the desired design information in a consistent manner, due to its comprehensive modeling capability (e.g. complex soil behavior, practically any type of geometry and loading conditions). Application of numerical methods for ultimate limit state design in accordance with Eurocode 7 is highlighted in the present paper. Some conclusive remarks are made regarding the numerical modeling in a finite element environment (choosing and defining the model geometry, calibration, etc).
Accelerated leach test development program

In FY 1989, a draft accelerated leach test for solidified waste was written. Combined test conditions that accelerate leaching were validated through experimental and modeling efforts. A computer program was developed that calculates test results and models leaching mechanisms. This program allows the user to determine if diffusion controls leaching and, if this is the case, to make projections of releases. Leaching mechanisms other than diffusion (diffusion plus source term partitioning and solubility limited leaching) are included in the program is indicators of other processes that may control leaching. Leach test data are presented and modeling results are discussed for laboratory scale waste forms composed of portland cement containing sodium sulfate salt, portland cement containing incinerator ash, and vinyl ester-styrene containing sodium sulfate. 16 refs., 38 figs., 5 tabs.
Design and Implementation of an E-Library Search System

E-library system makes the work of a person who is in charge of the library more convenient to search, arrange and make an inventory of the contents of the library.In this paper, a search system for an E-Library for the academic organizations was introduced such as universities, researches centers. This system has some methods of searches and it is convenient for the researchers to find their required information. The data base contains two categories, Books and Theses. The administrator of the E-Library can add, update, and delete any information in the database easily.We developed an E-Library Search System using PHP, MYSQL and APACHE with WAMP server.
Properties of an Extracellular Protease of Bacillus megaterium DSM 319 as Depilating Aid of Hides

Properties of a Bacillus megaterium DSM319 extracellular protease which are related to its application for depilating hides were investigated. The properties observed were optimum temperature and pH, the type of protease, and type of the protein which could be hydrolyzed by the enzyme. The enzyme was produced in a 3.5 liters LKB jar fermentor in a medium containing (2.0% v v -1 molasses and 1.3% w v -1 urea at 37 oC , pH 7.5, aeration 1 vvm, agitation 250 rpm for 24 hours). The enzyme solution was concentrated by means of membrane ultrafiltration followed by ammonium sulfate precipitation at 70% w v -1 saturation. Optimal temperature and pH were observed at 30 oC and pH 8 respectively. Two mM PMSF and EDTA inhibited the enzyme leaving level of activity of 84.5 and 4.3% correspondingly, indicated that the crude enzyme might be a metal requiring serine protease. The presence of 0.5, 2.0, and 3.5 mM CaCl caused an increase of the enzyme activity of 73, 88, and 79% respectively. The enzyme was able to hydrolyze Na-Benzoyl-DL-Arginine p-Nitro Anilide, a specific amino acid sequence cleaved by trypsin at a reaction rate of 0.024 absorbance value at 405 nm per minute. The enzyme was capable of hydrolyzing bovine serum albumin, hemoglobin, and gelatin, and to hydrolyze alkaline soluble collagen and keratin. The K value of the enzyme for hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin and gelatin was 3.44 m and 1.65 mg mL -1 , whereas V values were 8.09 and 55.24 mg mL -1 respectively. The experimental data showed max that the crude enzymes have potential for dehairing of cowhides.
The regeneration capacity of caudal fin in the common tooth-carp, Aphanius dispar (Rüppell, 1829) (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae)

Regeneration ability is known for several Actinopterygii or ray-finned fishes. In order to assess the universality of regenerative potencies in this group of fishes, we have examined for the first time, caudal fin regeneration in tooth-carp, Aphanius dispar (Ruppell, 1829). The caudal fin is used because of its accessibility, simple structure and fast regeneration. The results revealed the regeneration ability in caudal fin of A. dispar . The initiation of the regenerative outgrowth was differing in three examined water temperatures. It is started approximately 5 days post amputation (5 dpa) at room temperature, and 2 dpa at 25°С and 28°С. Our finding indicates that water temperature more than 25°С promotes procedure in caudal fin regeneration of A. dispar . By considering the high regeneration ability in A. dispar , and also the relatively short life span of the members of the genus Aphanius , we concluded that these fishes could probably be used in regeneration researches. However, details of this mechanism in Aphanius need further examinations.
Politics of Neoliberal Development: Washington Consensus and post-Washington Consensus

This chapter examines the emergence of neoliberalism in development economics and development studies, and the implications of the neoliberal transition across both scholarship and policy-making. It argues that the meaning and significance of neoliberal theory and its policy implications have shifted over time, place and issue, and that there can be inconsistencies across its component parts. These are, often, due to tensions between the rhetorical and policy worlds built by the advocates of neoliberalism and the realities of social and economic reproduction in the so-called “developing” countries. Examination of these tensions can help to illuminate the weaknesses of the Washington consensus, the reasons for its displacement by the post-Washington consensus led by Joseph Stiglitz, and the ensuing disputes between the post-Washington consensus and its predecessor around the shortcomings of “deregulation”, and the desirability and optimal extent of state intervention in the economy. The chapter concludes that the differences between the Washington consensus and the postWashington consensus have been overblown and, in particular, that they share much the same conception of development and attachment to neoliberalism, and the same limited commitment to democracy. However, because of its greater plasticity the post-Washington consensus is better positioned to weather the criticisms levelled against the Washington consensus, especially after the impact of the economic crisis starting in 2007.
A Quality Representation Intended for Cloud Administrations

This paper portrays a work in-advancement explore that endeavours to characterize an evaluated metric that can be utilized as an execution measure to benchmark SaaS applications in distributed computing. Such a metric will be valuable to cloud suppliers and also purchasers for guaranteeing that the conveyed administrations meet the client needs. The distributed computing applications bring another arrangement of data security issues. The cloud security model in view of SLA (Service Level Agreement) was concentrated on. From the security difficulties of distributed computing , distributed computing security dangers was dissected extensively, the administration level understandings was extended, the CSLA (Cloud Service Level Agreement) structure was proposed, the cloud security reference system was planned, the cloud security level structural engineering and cloud administrations estimating and charging models was proposed.
Sexual selection and extinction : why sex matters and why asexual models are insuf fi cient

Most studies of extinction risk and modelling of population viability do not take into account that higher organisms generally have two sexes, and that sex-specifi c demographic and other variables may play an important role in determining risks of extinction. I briefl y review recent analyses of the importance of sex in demographic stochasticity and assessment of minimum populations required for maintenance of viable populations. Secondly, I review sex-specifi c factors that may infl uence such sex-specifi c demographic parameters. Thirdly, I review sex-specifi c extrinsic and intrinsic mortality factors that may contribute to increased risks of extinction. Finally, I review sex-specifi c genetic factors that may infl uence risks of extinction. Future empirical and theoretical approaches to assess extinction thresholds should consider the importance of sex.