Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preconception Care Health Education for Female Workers of Reproductive Age in Japan Evaluation up to 6 Months after the Program

Objectives: The aim of this study was to implement a health education program for education of preconception care (PCC) for female workers of reproductive age through a seminar and to evaluate the program based on PCC knowledge and awareness and behaviors before the seminar and at 3 and 6 months after the seminar. Methods: A small group health education seminar was implemented using leaflets for 84 female workers of reproductive age, age 20 to 35 years old, and an intervention by group discussion and feedback was provided. Of these participants, 60 (71%) who provided valid survey responses were included in the analysis. The primary outcome indicators were PCC knowledge, PCC awareness and behaviors, and a food frequency questionnaire, and the secondary outcome indicators were self-efficacy and the health awareness and stress management subscales of the Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile scale. The survey was conducted three times, before the seminar and at 3 and 6 months after the seminar, and the results were compared. Results: The percentage of individuals with PCC knowledge was significantly increased at 3 months after the seminar as compared with before the seminar, and it remained at this level even at 6 months after the seminar. The percentage of individuals with PCC awareness and behaviors was significantly increased for the items actively eat foods containing folic acid, prevent sexually transmitted diseases, and conduct self-examinations for breast cancer at 3 months after the seminar and for the items eat well-balanced meals, make the mind active, prevent sexually transmitted diseases, and conduct self-examinations for breast cancer at 6 months after the seminar. Furthermore, the score for the health awareness subscale of the Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile scale was significantly increased at 6 months after the seminar. Conclusion: The health education program established PCC knowledge at 6 months after the seminar and improved some PCC awareness and behaviors. Therefore, it was suggested that the program would be effective for education of PCC for female workers of reproductive age.
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS BELONGING TO DIFFERENT SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS

Objective: To study the prevalence of depression in University Students who belong to Middle, Upper Middle and Upper Socioeconomic status. Methodology: The present research involved 331 university students (165 males and 166 females). Participants were selected with help of purposive sampling technique from different universities of Karachi, with age range of 19-30 years (Mean = 21.70 ± 2.7). Center for Epidemiological Studies Scale for Depression was used to screen out the level of depression and demographic form was used for Gender and Socioeconomic status. Results: Among 331 participants 50 (15.1%) were not depressed, 75(22.7%) mildly depressed, 111 (33.5%) moderate and 95(28.7%) severely depressed. Males were more depressed than females and there was higher level of de-pression in upper middle socioeconomic status than other socioeconomic statuses. Conclusion: It is concluded that depression is common in male and female university students belonging to different socioeconomic status in Karachi, Pakistan. There is higher prevalence of depression in Upper Middle socioeco-nomic status than Middle and Upper socioeconomic statuses. Over all male university students have higher level of depression than female.
AL Amyloidosis in a Patient with IgD Myeloma

Many studies including patients with IgD multiple myeloma have been published to date. [2‐6] This entity appears to have clinical and evolutionary differences compared with non‐IgD myeloma, including a younger age at disease presentation, a higher incidence of kidney injury and a poor prognosis. A 55 years old male, with pulmonary tuberculosis in 2007, presented with lower limbs edema, dyspnea and upper limbs paresthesia for the past 4 months. He did not have bone pain. Physical examination revealed peripheral edema, macroglossia, periorbital petechial and ecchymotic lesions. There was no peripheral lymphadenopathy and no hepatosplenomegaly.
Reference position estimation for prosthetic elbow and wrist using EMG signals

Progress in Bio robotics is opening several doors to mimic the system and purpose of human limbs, thus allowing better prostheses for amputees. This paper presents EMG based Human Machine Interface framework for estimate of reference positions of prosthetic arm for patients suffering from above elbow amputation. In the present study, a set of information about the four basic motions regarding elbow flexion/extension along with the twist of radius and ulna referred as pronation/supination has been acquired from bicep of human arm. Upon muscle activation, the numerical data set points representing the electromyographic intentions were recorded using the Thalamic Labs product i.e. Myo Armband. To analyze these acquired signals, feature selection followed with feature extraction was done in order to classify the input data extracted from human muscle. Afterwards, the performance of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for motion classification was evaluated. Utilizing the Computer Aided design skills in SolidWorks®, a 2-DOF prosthetic arm model was developed. A mathematical model of its kinematics based on Denavit-Hardenberg convention was presented in Matlab®. Forward kinematics model were analytically verified using Matlab® with that of PeterCorke® Robotic toolbox. In order to check the physical significance of proposed work, the information of forward kinematics from Matlab® linked with that of Solid works and was simulated with reference to the EMG intentions that were captured and classified to generate the reference positions of above mentioned four motions. The classification accuracy obtained from ANN i.e. 91.9% is found significant (p<0.01) for a group of ten healthy subjects.
Pilot Randomized Trial of a Recovery Navigator Program for Survivors of Critical Illness With Problematic Alcohol Use

Objective: Many survivors of critical illness have problematic alcohol use, associated with risk of death and hospital readmission. We tested the feasibility, acceptability, treatment fidelity, and potential efficacy of a customized alcohol intervention for patients in ICUs. The intervention was delivered by a Recovery Navigator using principles of motivational interviewing and shared decision-making. Design: Pilot randomized trial. Setting: Two urban ICUs in Denver, CO. Patients: Patients with problematic alcohol use were enrolled prior to hospital discharge. Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to usual care, single-session motivational interviewing and shared decision-making, or multisession motivational interviewing and shared decision-making. Measurements and Main Results: We assessed feasibility via enrollment and attrition, acceptability via patient satisfaction (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8), fidelity via observation and questionnaires, and potential efficacy via group means and CIs on measures of alcohol use, psychiatric symptoms, cognition, and other alcohol-related problems. Over 18 months, we offered the study to 111 patients, enrolled 47, and randomized 36; refusals were mainly due to stigma or patients' desire to handle problems on their own. Groups were similar at baseline, and 67% of patients met criteria for alcohol use disorder. Average patient satisfaction was high (mean = 28/32) regardless of group assignment. Sessions were delivered with 98% adherence to motivational interviewing principles and excellent motivational interviewing spirit; patients perceived the intervention to be more autonomy supportive than usual care. Group means after 6 months suggested that patients receiving the intervention might improve on measures such as alcohol use, psychiatric symptoms, legal problems, and days of paid work; however, they did not receive more substance use treatment. All results were nonsignificant due to small sample size. Conclusions: A Recovery Navigator intervention was feasible and acceptable for delivering high-fidelity brief interventions to ICU patients. Changes in alcohol-related problems with motivational interviewing and shared decision-making were nonsignificant but clinically meaningful in size. A full-scale randomized trial of motivational interviewing and shared decision-making is warranted.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in primary tumors of colorectal cancer and their metastases

The presence of tumor cells in the large intestine stimulates hypoxia and local inflammatory mediators that activate numerous inflammatory cells, including a diverse lymphoid tumor cell population. The aim of the present study was to evaluate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) located in the invasive primary tumor, surrounding deposits of tumor cells and those present in distal metastatic cells in the liver of patients with colorectal cancer. Furthermore, the correlation of TILs with anatomical parameters was assessed. The study group included 123 patients with primary tumor colorectal cancer without distant metastasis, 25 cases with deposits of colorectal cancer cells and 15 cases of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. TILs were assessed in tissues stained with hematoxylin-eosin using light microscopy and evaluated by two independent pathologists blinded to the clinical information. Infiltration of TILs in the invasive front of primary tumor was stronger compared with those surrounding deposits of cancer cells and liver metastases (P<0.001). TILs in the invasive front of primary tumor masses were associated with various variables linked with tumor progression and inflammatory cell infiltrate. TILs distributed around the deposits of cancer cells were associated with postoperative treatment; however, those localized in the invasive front of liver metastases were correlated with preoperative therapy. In conclusion, TILs assessment in primary tumors of colorectal cancer, surrounding deposits of tumor cells and in the metastatic cells in the liver may be helpful in understanding the role of these cells in the organization of immune response.
Selection Intensity Among Khonds of Andhra Pradesh

Abstract The index of opportunity of selection among Khonds is computed on the basis of reproductive historyof mothers with completed fertility career and the results were compared with the available data on other tribalpopulations of Andhra Pradesh. The index of selection intensity (I) among Khonds is observed to be similar to thecondition in Sugalis of Andhra Pradesh. Selection Intensity among Khonds is found to be lower when compared withRaj Gond, Pardhan, Hill Kolam, Manne Kolam, Chenchu and Yanadi tribes of Andhra Pradesh. This could beattributed to the availability of health care facility, better nutrition and socio-economic conditions and biogeneticfactors considering the size of the population. The state of demographic dynamics reveals that the Khond is passingthrough better demographic transition
Guanonisa reduz a neurotoxicidade e o déficit motor induzido pelo traumatismo cranioencefálico em ratos

Master Dissertation Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology Federal University of Santa Maria GUANOSINE REDUCES THE NEUROTOXICITY AND THE MOTOR DEFICIT INDUCED BY TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN RATS AUTHOR: ROGÉRIO DA ROSA GERBATIN ADVISOR: LUIZ FERNANDO FREIRE ROYES Date and place of defense: Santa Maria, January 29, 2016. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects annually 10 million of people causing neurological symptoms and deaths resulting in an adverse socio-economic impact worldwide. The pathophysiology of TBI comprises multiple neurotoxic processes, such as excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation leading to neuronal death and consequently clinical manifestations, as motor deficit. Many studies with promising drugs in experimental models of TBI reported failures in clinical tests, so it is important to search for new therapeutic drugs. Currently, much attention has been devoted to the neuroprotective effects of guanosine, an endogenous nucleoside able to reduce neurotoxic events in experimental models of ischemia in vivo and in vitro, which to our knowledge has not yet been evaluated in the TBI. Therefore, the present study evaluated the therapeutic potential of guanosine in locomotor impairment and neurodegeneration after TBI by controlling excitotoxicity, mitochondrial and inflammatory alterations. Male Wistar rats were subjected to TBI by moderate fluid percussion injury (PFS) parasagittal model and 40 minutes after was administered guanosine (7.5mg / kg intraperitoneally). Our results show that guanosine protects against the locomotor deficit induced by TBI 8 hours after the insult. Similarly, guanosine was also able to protect against the neurochemical damage in the ipsilateral cortex characterized by the inhibition of glutamate uptake, Na, K ATPase and glutamine synthetase activity , alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔѰm) followed by an increase in production of reactive species oxygen (ROS) and content of protein carbonyls. Furthermore, the inflammatory response induced by TBI evidenced by increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and cerebral edema was also reduced by guanosine. In addition to these findings, guanosine protected against the neuronal death and activation of caspase 3, reinforcing its neuroprotective effects. Thus, our study represents an important contribution to the knowledge of the neuroprotective effects of guanosine in the TBI, making this an attractive candidate molecule for the treatment of this insult, although more studies are needed to clarify their potential in clinical TBI.
Comparative study between modified Alvarado score and abdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis

Aim & Objective: To compare the accuracy of modified Alvarado score and ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis to reduce the morbity and mortality from appendicitis and also reduce the negative appendicectomy rates Methodology: This study was undertaken in 100 patients with a provisional diagnosis of acute appendicitis getting operated in Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar from November 2016 to October 2018. Modified Alvarado score and USG findings were applied in the preliminary diagnosis, which was confirmed by intra operative and histopathological findings. Results: Fifty five patients were females and forty five were males. There was no statistical significance in the male to female ratio. The highest incidence (37%) was found in the age group of 21-30 and the lowest (4% each) was seen in the age group of 51-60 & 61 & above respectively. Ninety nine patients presented with anorexia and tender RIF. Ninety eight patients had migratory RIF pain. Nausea & vomiting, rebound tenderness, and leucocytosis were seen in 58, 53 and 39 patients respectively. Only 27 patients had elevated temperature. Forty three patients had a score of >7 out of which 42 had appendicitis and 1 was normal on histopathological examination which contributed to 97.7% and 2.3% of the patients respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MAS was 44.6%, 83.3%, 47% respectively. Sixty one patients were found to have appendicitis by USG out of which 60 had appendicitis and 1 was normal on histopathological examination, with a sensitivity of 63.8% and a specificity of 83.3% & accuracy 65%. Ninety four patients were diagnosed to have appendicitis by histopathological examination and 6 were reported to be normal. Accuracy of ultrasound to diagnose acute appendicitis was 65% and MAS was 47%.
Access to Clinical Trials for Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer: A Meta-Research Analysis

Abstract Background The 18-year-old age limit for inclusion in clinical trials constitutes a hurdle for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. We analyzed the impact of this age barrier on the access of AYAs to cancer trials and novel therapies. Methods ClinicalTrials.gov was searched to identify all the trials including patients with 10 malignancies relevant for AYAs (January 2007 to July 2018). The trials were categorized as pediatric (patients <18 y), adult (≥18 y), and transitional (including adult and pediatric patients). Transitional trials with a lower limit between 12 and 18 years and an upper limit younger than 40 years were considered AYA-specific. Results Of 2764 identified trials, 2176 were included: 79% adult, 19% transitional, 2% pediatric. Five trials were AYA-specific. The proportion of academic trials was higher for transitional (69%; 288 of 421) than for adult trials (48%; 832 of 1718) (P < .0001). The total number of new trials increased over the years (156 in 2007; 228 in 2017); however, the number of transitional trials remained stable. The availability of trials increased with age, with a major increase at age 18 years: at age 17 years, 20% (442 of 2176) of trials were potentially accessible vs 95% (2075 of 2176) at 18 years. For trials investigating targeted therapies, this increase was 460% (197 trials available at age 17 years; 901 at 18 years) and for immunotherapies, 1200% (55 at age 17 years; 658 at 18 years). Conclusions AYAs have limited access to cancer trials and innovative therapies, with no improvement over the last decade. The 18-years-old age limit continues to be a major hurdle. Our findings are consistent with the internationally supported idea that age inclusion criteria in oncological trials should be changed.
Awareness and implementation of sepsis guidelines in Kansas hospitals

Introduction: In 2002 the Surviving Sepsis Campaign was established by an international consortium of healthcare providers as a collaborative effort to reduce mortality from the life-threatening conditions of severe sepsis and septic shock. Resuscitation and treatment guidelines (“Early Goal-Directed Therapy – EGDT”) were developed based on existing literature. There is very little published data evaluating awareness of these guidelines and the capability to implement them in smaller, rural hospitals. This descriptive study was conducted to assess awareness and capability for implementation of EGDT in rural, Kansas hospitals. Methods: A survey tool was designed and mailed to the medical director of the emergency department (ED) in all 129 Kansas hospitals. Non-responders received a second survey, also by mail. Results: Only 25% of respondents were aware of EGDT. Awareness and implementation of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign early goal-directed treatment recommendations is low while the capability of facilities to perform the individual components of these recommendations is high.
Behavioral Risk Factors Of Non-Communicable Diseases Among A Nationally Representative Sample Of School-Going Adolescents In Indonesia

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of behavioral non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk factors among adolescents in Indonesia. Methods Cross-sectional national data were analyzed from 11,124 in-school adolescents (mean age 14.0 years) of the Indonesia Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) in 2015. Seven behavioral NCD risk factors (substance use, dietary behavior, overweight or obesity, low physical activity, and sedentary behavior) were assessed by questionnaire in a classroom setting. Results The prevalence of low physical activity was 87.8%, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake 76.8%, having soft drinks daily 27.9%, leisure-time sedentary behavior 27.3%, overweight or obesity 15.8%, current tobacco use 12.8%, and alcohol use 4.4%. From the seven behavioral NCD risk factors, the mean was 2.5 (SD=1.0), and almost half (46.5%) had at least three risk factors. In adjusted linear regression analysis, being a boy, increasing age and psychological distress increased the odds and hunger or food insecurity and parental support decreased the odds for having behavioral risk factors. Conclusion A high co-occurrence of behavioral risk factors was identified. Several risk factors (older age, boys, distress, and poor parental support) were identified that can be targeted in intervention programs.
The effects of exercising in the cold on energy metabolism, skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation and immuno-endocrine responses

Gagnon, Dominique D. The effects of exercising in the cold on energy metabolism, skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation and immuno-endocrine responses. Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, Finland, 2014, 121 p (Studies in Sport, Physical Education and Health, ISSN 0356-1070; 206) ISBN 978-951-39-5715-5 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-5716-2 (PDF) Progressively expanding access to the Arctic region has led to an increased number of people who live and work in cold environments, which may interfere with health, safety and performance. The present study examined the effects of cold exposure during exercise on energy metabolism, skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation and immune-endocrine responses. A 56-day, 850 km North Pole expedition study (n = 7) with daily energy intake of 23 MJ· d-1, energy expenditure of 29 MJ· d-1 and temperatures of -3 C to -47 C induced decreases in serum concentration of testosterone, cortisol and thyroxine post expedition. Endocrine recovery was observed within two weeks but HDL and LDL levels remained elevated at two weeks post. Acute submaximal exercise in the cold (0 C vs. 22 C) at 50% and 70% of peak O2 consumption showed no increase in serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glycerol, or catecholamine concentrations but increased fat oxidation at both exercise intensities. Pre-exercise shivering increased contribution of fat to the energy yield before exercise. Nonetheless, even with an increase in plasma norepinephrine, NEFA, glycerol and beta-hydroxybyturate at 70% VO2peak, fuel selection was not influence by pre-exercise shivering during exercise in the cold. Skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation was decreased by pre-exercise cooling in the early stages of exercise in the vastus lateralis muscle. Endocrine and immunological responses were more elevated in the thermoneutral environment, and in some measures in the cold with shivering. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that: i) prolonged and extreme physical stress have minimal influence on hormonal recovery time but blood lipids tended to carry longer-lasting effects, ii) when exercising in a cold environment, a dissociation between energy substrates availability and utilization leading to a different energy selection mechanism occurs, iii) pre-exercise low-intensity shivering does not modulate fuel selection during submaximal exercise in the cold, iv) deep tissue cooling may reduce skeletal muscle oxygenation during the early stages of submaximal dynamic exercise, and v) exercising in a cold environment seems to reduce exercise-related inflammatory responses while shivering may evoke immuno-stimulatory effects.