Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
602 A nonlinear perspective on the dynamics of the MJO : idealized large-eddy simulations

The 30-60 day intraseasonal atmospheric oscillation in the equatorial atmosphere, the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), is most visible in its signature of outgoin g longwave radiation and associated convective centers. Diabatic processes related to tropical convectio n and two-way atmosphere-ocean interaction are hence generally believed to be crucial in explaining the ori gin of the MJO phenomenon. However, reliable deterministic forecasting of the MJO in global circulation models and understanding its mechanism remains unsatisfactory. Here a different approach is taken, where t he hypothesis is tested that eastward propagating MJO-like structures originate fundamentally as a resul t of nonlinear (dry) Rossby wave dynamics. A laboratory-scale numerical model is constructed, where th e generation of solitary structures is excited and maintained via zonally propagating meanders of the meridio nal boundaries of a zonally-periodic β -plane. The large-eddy simulations capture details of the formatio n of solitary structures and of their impact on the convective organization. The horizontal structure and the propagation of anomalous streamfunction patterns, a diagnostic typically used in tracing the equatoria l MJO, are similar to archetype solutions of the Korteweg-deVries equation, which extends the linear shall ow water theory — commonly used to explain equatorial wave motions — to a weakly nonlinear regime for sm all Rossby numbers. Furthermore, the characteristics of the three-dimensional laboratory-scale nu merical results compare well with observed features of the equatorial MJO and thus the study provides indirect ev idence of the basic principles underlying the wave-driven eastward propagation of the MJO.
Bootstrap Inference and Diﬀerential Privacy: Standard Errors for Free ∗

The bootstrap is a common and powerful statistical tool for numerically computing the standard error of estimators, that is, a calculation of the uncertainty of functions computed on sample data so as to make an inference back to the original population from which the sample was drawn. Understanding uncertainty, and inferential questions, in the context of private data is an increasingly important task within the literature of differential privacy [7, 20, 15]. We show how to construct an implementation of the bootstrap within differential privacy. Most importantly, we show that, for a broad class of functions under zero concentrated differential privacy, the bootstrap can be implemented at no cost. That is, for a given choice of privacy parameter and associated expected error of some query, the bootstrap can be implemented for the exact same privacy guarantee, resulting in the same expected error (or sometimes less) in the desired query, but additionally provide the standard error of that query. In section 2 we provide a brief overview of differential privacy. Then to describe these results on bootstrap inference, in section 3 we describe some foundational results on the aggregation of repeated queries under contrasting privacy and composition definitions. This leads to a tangential result in section 4 on a low-noise Gaussian mechanism for pure differential privacy. Next we provide a brief foundation on the bootstrap algorithm in statistics in section 5, before showing our algorithmic construction of the bootstrap using the mechanisms of differential privacy in section 6. In section 7 we describe how to use the differentially private estimate of the standard error in the construction of confidence intervals and hypothesis tests, and then demonstrate this in section 8 with examples using published Census microdata in the style of privacy sensitive data.
Trauma Triage and Scoring

Priority 1 (P1) or Triage 1 (T1): immediate care needed requires immediate life-saving intervention. Colour code red. P2 or T2: intermediate or urgent care needed requires significant intervention within two to four hours. Colour code yellow. P3 or T3: delayed care needs medical treatment, but this can safely be delayed. Colour code green. Dead is a fourth classification and is important to prevent the expenditure of limited resources on those who are beyond help. Colour code black.
Application of probabilistic three-phase load flow for electrical distribution systems with photovoltaic generators

This paper shows how to solve a probabilistic three phase load flow in radial distribution networks with photovoltaic distributed generation (PDG). Voltage regulation is one of the principal problems to be addressed. This research study applies a three phase power flow combined with the Monte Carlo method to solve this problem. Load and PDG are modeled as random variables. A case study is presented. The results obtained show the decrease of the unbalance factor due to the presence of PDG.
Structured Bonds and Greek Demons. Is the attack â€ fairâ€ ?

The severe political turmoil provoked by an allegedly mispriced private bond issue in Greece added to the controversial matter of whether prices of structured bonds sold to investors are â€ fairâ€ or not. In this paper structured bond market is analysed with particular focus on valuation issues. It is argued that in practice prices are subjective, there is not a unique price that a structured bond should be transacted and model prices are in general irrelevant to the investor unless he has access to the underlying swap market. Consequently, the notion â€ overpricingâ€ (conventionally defined as the difference between model and transacted price) is misleading. Boundaries for prices as seen by investors and issuers are constructed under a set of simplified assumptions. Issue price is the recommended price that a structured bond should be offered in the primary market and in most cases differs from model price. Competition among issuers should minimize the difference between them. The analysis of the market in Greece has revealed investorsâ€™ preferences to capital guaranteed interest rate linked bonds with mild structuring. Despite popular belief, overpricing was soft with the absence of the usualÂ marketing pitfalls that happened elsewhere. Exception were the Tier I structured bonds issued by local banks.
The Reason and Source of Injustice Experiences in the Performance Appraisal Process

Introduction Performance appraisals are current topic in Finland, where the whole public sector has been in the process of massive base pay reform in order to increase productivity and competitiveness of state employer. In the new pay systems base pay should be determined by job and performance evaluation. Particularly the performance based pay has changed the role of supervisors, because they have a key role in determining performance based pay of an employee through the process of performance appraisal. (Huuhtanen– Jämsèn– Maaniemi – Lahti– Karppinen 2005.)
Precision meteor orbits obtained by the Dutch Meteor Society - Photographic Meteor Survey (1981-1993)

359 precisely reduced meteor orbits are presented that are the result of the Dutch Meteor Society's Photographic Meteor Survey in the period 1981 until 1993. Orbits include those of major and minor showers, doubling the number of known precise orbits of some meteor streams. From the spread in solutions of all possible sets of two photographic stations, we derive the measurement uncertainties from which we are able to calculate the intrinsic scatter in the Perseid meteor stream. The new Geminid orbits are compared to those obtained in similar surveys in the 1950's. This first measurement of the rate of change of Geminid orbits over time agrees well with model predictions.
The efficacy of molecular targeted agents in the treatment of gastroesophageal junction cancer : a systematic review and meta-analysis

During the past decades, several prospective trials have been conducted to assess the efficacy of molecular targeted agents (MTAs) in the treatment of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) carcinoma, but the results are controversial. We performed a systematic literature search to identify prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of MTAs in the treatment of GEJ carcinoma patients. The endpoint was overall survival (OS) with secondary endpoints progression-free survival (PFS). Statistical analyses were conducted by using Comprehensive Meta Analysis software (Version 2.0). A total of 818 GEJ carcinoma patients from eight RCTs were included for analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that the use of MTAs significantly improved OS (HR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50-0.92, P=0.013) and PFS (HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.95, P=0.012) in EGJ carcinoma. Subgroup analyses favored greater benefit for OS (HR 0.48) and PFS (HR 0.61) in chemotherapy-refractory patients compared to chemotherapy-native patients (HR 0.94 and 0.91, respectively). No publication bias was detected by Begg’s and Egger’s tests for PFS (P=0.26 and P=0.05) and OS (P=0.80, and P=0.48). Our data indicates that the addition of MTAs to standard therapy in GEJ carcinoma patients significantly improves OS and PFS. Sub-group analysis indicates that improved efficacy is only observed in second-line setting, but not in the first-line setting. Further RCTs with larger samples are needed to confirm these findings.
Relative Abundance, Temporal Patterns, and Growth of Sea Turtles at the Mansfield Channel, Texas

Species composition, relative abundance, residency, seasonality, size classes, and growth of sea turtles at the Mansfield Channel, Texas were investigated from 1989-1992. Forty-three juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) (N = 72 captures) and one juvenile hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) (N = 1 capture) were netted during 435 hours of year-round effort (1.38 turtles/km-h). Eighteen of the green turtles (42%) netted were subsequently recaptured, with a mean interval from first to last capture of 120 days (range 22-478 days). However, few of the individuals initially netted between September and February or measuring more than 35 cm straight-line carapace length at initial capture were recaptured. Collectively, green turtles were caught during all months except January. Catch-per-unit-effort was pos- itively correlated with water temperature, air temperature, and water salinity and most green turtles were captured during early morning and late afternoon hours. The Mansfield Channel may provide foraging and resting habitat for both itinerant and seasonally resident green turtles. Juvenile Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempi), green (Chelonia mydas), and loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtles are found within inshore wa- ters of New York, Virginia, and Florida, areas which may serve as important developmental habitats (Mendonca and Ehrhart, 1982; Lutca- vage and Musick, 1985; Byles, 1988; Withering- ton and Ehrhart, 1989; Burke and Standora,
An Artificial Protection Field Approach For Reactive Obstacle Avoidance in Mobile Robots

Mobile robots using topological navigation require of being able to react to dynamical obstacles in their environment. Reactive obstacle avoidance is also an essential capability needed by a mobile robot evolving in a cluttered dynamic environment. Scenarios like offices where people and robots share a common workspace are difficult to be modeled by static maps. In such scenarios, robots need to avoid people and obstacles when executing any other task involving its motion.
THE DIVERSITY OF METHOXYPHENOLS RELEASED BY 1 PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AS PREDICTOR OF SOIL 2 CARBON STORAGE 3 4

15 The variable extent to which environmental factors are involved in soil carbon 16 storage is currently a subject of controversy. In fact, justifying why some soils 17 accumulate more organic matter than others is not trivial. Some abiotic factors such 18 as organo-mineral associations have classically been invoked as the main drivers for 19 soil C stabilization. However, in this research indirect evidences based on 20 correlations between soil C storage and compositional descriptors of the soil organic 21 matter are presented. It is assumed that the intrinsic structure of soil organic matter 22 should have a bearing in the soil carbon storage. This is examined here by focusing 23 Manuscript clean version Click here to view linked References Postprint of: Journal of Chromatography A (1508) 130-137 (2017) Artículo en prensa
Study of Parental Polymorphism in various types of selected Maize Genotypes by using SSR Markers

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal and fodder crop which occupy a pivotal role in the world economy White and Johnson, 2003(16). Maize is currently produced on nearly 100 million hectares in 125 developing countries and is among the three most widely grown crops in 75 of those countries FAOSTAT 2010(4). Between now and 2050, the demand for maize in the demand for maize in the developing world will double, and by 2025, maize production is expected to be highest globally, especially in the developing countries Rosegrant et al., 2009(11). Important challenge that threatens the long-term production growth of maize is changing global climate Cairns et al., 2012(1). Moreover, it is a model system for the study of genetics, evolution, and domestication. Indo-china region being a centre of diversity is endowed with great variability in terms of morphological characters, especially, growth habit, maturity including shape and size Rubatzky and Yamaguchi,1997(12). Detailed knowledge of the relationships between maize breeding lines is important not only for parental selection but also for genetic analysis and breeding system design Hallauer et al, 1998(5). Unless there is sufficient genetic diversity in the germ plasm, it is practically not possible to increase the yield and other desirable characters of a crop, because the selection of improved genotypes depends on the availability of genetic variability within the breeding material. To improve genetic diversity of local germ plasm, it is important to know the extent of already existing genetic variability in the material Islam and Shepherd, 1991(6).
Multi-scale place recognition with multi-scale sensing

Most robot navigation systems perform place recognition using a single sensor modality and using one, or at most two heterogeneous map scales. In contrast, mammals likely per- form navigation by combining sensing from a wide variety of modalities including vision, auditory, olfaction and tactile senses. Re- cent robotics research has shown that using multiple homogeneous mapping scales improves localization performance; but this re- search has used only a single visual sensing modality, missing out on the inherent variation in spatial localization specificity pro- vided by different sensors like cameras and WiFi. In this paper we develop a multi- scale, multi-sensor system for mapping and localization, that combines spatial localization hypotheses from different sensors and at different scales to calculate an overall localization estimate. In two real-world experiments across a library and university cam- pus, we evaluate the place recognition performance of the proposed multi-scale sensing using camera and WiFi sensory input. The results demonstrate that a universal improvement in place recognition performance is achieved using the multi-scale system.
Application of vibrational microspectroscopy to biology and medicine

Vibrational microspectroscopic (Raman and infrared (IR)) techniques are rapidly emerging as effective tools to probe the basic processes of life. This review mainly focuses on the applications of Raman and IR microspectroscopy to biology and biomedicine, ranging from studies on cellular components in single cells to advancement in techniques for in vitro to in vivo applications. These techniques have proved to be instrumental in studying the biological specimen with minimum perturbation, i.e. without the use of dyes and contrast-inducing agents. These techniques probe the vibrational modes of the molecules and provide spectra that are specific to the molecular properties and chemical nature of the species.
Does foreign aid reduce poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa? A dynamic panel-data analysis

The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of official development assistance (ODA) or foreign aid on poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region over the period 1981-2011. This study uses recent dynamic panel estimation techniques, including those methods which deal with endogeneity and simultaneity concerns. To test the robustness of the results, the study uses three different proxies for poverty and five proxies for foreign aid. The main finding of the study is that foreign aid does have statistically significant poverty reduction effect. The results are consistent across all the three poverty proxies. The disaggregating of aid by source and type could not offer conclusive results. On the other hand, the study found that income per capita have around three times higher poverty-reducing effect compared to foreign aid while inequality has a detrimental effect on the fight against poverty.
EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL COMPARISON OF TORSION, BENDING MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCES IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING BS 8110, EURO CODE 2 AND ACI 318 PROVISIONS

This study investigated the effect of combined actions of torsional moments, bending moments and shear forces in reinforced concrete beams with concrete compressive strength of 30N/mm 2 . The ultimate torsional moments, bending moments, and shear forces of the beams were determined experimentally, through a simple test arrangement set-up on fifteen beam specimens grouped from BC1 to BC5, three beam specimens in each group. The combined loads were induced by loading the test beams at an eccentricity of Â from the beamâ€™s principal axis at the mid-span, using Computerized Universal Testing Machine TUE-C-100. BS 8110, Euro code 2 and ACI 318 were used to calculate the ultimate torsional moments provided by both longitudinal and transverse reinforcements, bending moments and shear forces induced. The values obtained from the codes were compared with those of experimental results for validation. It was observed that Eurocode 2 predicted the highest bending moment of 21.1530kNm, the highest torsional moments of 9.8470kNm and 12.6193kNm, for torsional resistance provided by longitudinal and transverse reinforcements respectively, at an angle crack of 45Â°, while BS 8110 predicted the least values. ACI 318 predicted the highest value of internal shear forces that the beams possessed before yielding to the applied loads. Â http://dx.doi. org/10.4314/njt.v36i3. 7
Automatic K-Expectation Maximization ( A KEM ) Algorithm for Data Mining Applications

A non-parametric data clustering technique for achieving efficient data-clustering and improving the number of clusters is presented in this paper. K-Means and Expectation-Maximization algorithms have been widely deployed in data-clustering applications. Result findings in related works revealed that both these algorithms have been found to be characterized with shortcomings. K-Means does not guarantee convergence and the choice of clusters heavily influenced the results. Expectation-Maximization’s premature convergence does not assure the optimality of results and as with K-Means, the choice of clusters influence the results. To overcome the shortcomings, a fast automatic K-EM algorithm is developed which provides optimal number of clusters by employing various internal cluster validity metrics, thereby providing efficient and unbiased results. 1 Electrical and Computer Engineering department, Mississippi State, University, Starkville, MS, 39759. E-mail: archit.harsh89@gmail.com, ah2478@msstate.edu 2 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Mississippi State, University, Starkville, MS, 39759. E-mail: jeball@ece.msstate.edu Article Info: Received : August 9, 2016. Revised : September 11, 2016. Published online : October 1, 2016. 44 Automatic KExpectation Maximization . The algorithm is implemented on a wide array of data sets to ensure the accuracy of the results and efficiency of the algorithm. Mathematics Subject Classification: Big Data Clustering; Machine Learning; Algorithms
The Role of Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 in the Pathogenesis of Nasal Polyps Rola przewlekłego procesu zapalnego błony śluzowej nosa w patogenezie polipów nosowych

Background. The chronic inflammatory process of nasal mucosa, with the fundamental role of eosinophils in its development, is considered to be responsible for the formation and growth of nasal polyps. The abundance of eosinophils in nasal polyp tissues may be a result of their prolonged survival. Defective apoptotic control mecha− nisms may contribute to disturbances in the local homeostasis of nasal mucosa. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Mc1−1 in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps by com− parative analysis of its expression in eosionophilic polyps, neutrophilic polyps, and normal mucosa, including its contribution to eosinophil apoptosis in polyposis tissue. Material and Methods. The study group included 24 paraffin sections of nasal polyp tissues obtained from 20 male and 4 female patients with nasal polyposis undergoing polypectomy. The control group consisted of 10 nor− mal nasal mucosa specimens from patients undergoing septoplasty. Sixteen nasal polyps were histopathologically classified as eosinophilic polyps and eight as neutrophilic polyps. Results. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of Mcl−1 in the nasal polyp tissues. In the group of eosinophilic polyps the most intense staining was detected in the inflammatory infiltration cells. In 75% of the samples it was evaluated as intense. In the group of neutrophilic polyps and the control group the expression of Mcl−1 was present in the epithelial cells. In 62.5% of the neutrophilic polyps it was evaluated as strong. There was strong expression of MCL−1 in the epithelium of 70% of the samples from the control group. Weak Mcl−1 expression was detected in the neutrophilic polyp inflammatory cells and normal mucosa. Conclusions. The results indicate differences in expression of anti−apoptotic protein Mcl−1 in neutrophilic and eosinophilic nasal polyps and nasal mucosa. The increase in the expression of Mcl−1 protein in eosinophils in nasal polyps may lead to resistance to topical nasal corticosteroid therapy in some patients (Adv Clin Exp Med 2007,
An Ad Hoc Method for Computing Pseudo-Effect Size for Mixed Models

Effect size is increasingly being reported in journals across multiple domains. Many fields that use complex experimental designs, such as psychology and engineering, must analyze those designs using mixed models. Because of the intrinsic nature of mixed model computations, none of the packages (R, SPSS, SAS®, STATA, etc.) provide effect sizes. Hence, when analyzing models that use fixed and random factors, such as split-plot and repeated measures designs, an alternative method must be used to compute effect size using output from procedures capable of appropriately analyzing mixed models. This paper presents an ad hoc method of computing effect size by working backwards from the F-values output by SAS® PROC MIXED to produce eta-squared, omega-squared, and partial eta-squared pseudo estimates. A SAS® Macro will be provided to perform the calculations.