Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationships in the alpine Ranunculus haastii (Ranunculaceae) complex and recognition of R. piliferus and R. acraeus from southern New Zealand

Abstract Growth habit, vegetative, floral characters, and molecular data support the recognition of Ranunculus haastii and R. piliferus at species rank, rather than as intraspecific taxa at the rank of subspecies. Therefore, R. piliferus is a new combination at species rank for plants previously known as R. haastii subsp. piliferus. R. acraeus is a new species distinguished from R. piliferus by its finely crenate leaf and bract margins, glabrous peduncle, and in having 6–7 sepals that are hairy on the abaxial surface and glabrous on the adaxial surface. R. piliferus occurs in northern Southland and South Otago and R. acraeus occurs in North Otago and South Canterbury. R. piliferus and R. acraeus grow in relatively stable alpine rock‐fields that comprise rock fractured into large, coarse, and angular blocks of differing sizes and shapes. R. haastii occurs in Canterbury and Marlborough where it grows on mobile fine‐grained scree in the alpine zone. Phylogenetic analyses of nrDNA ITS and cpDNA JSA sequence data provide support for the segregation of R. piliferus from R. haastii, and for the recognition of R. acraeus. R. piliferus forms a distinct genotype in both the ITS and JSA analyses. R. acraeus and one sample of R. haastii have a distinct JSA genotype, and R. acraeus and R. buchananii share a nine‐base‐pair indel. In the ITS analysis R. acraeus and most samples of R. grahamii share the same genotype, and along with R. haastii form a northern, alpine group of diverse genotypes.
Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus: A comparative study of their optical properties in relation to their size and pigmentation

Three unialgal strains of Prochlorococcus and four of Synechococcus were grown in batch culture at low irradiances. The spectral values of light absorption, scattering and backscattering of intact cells in suspension were determined, together with cell counts, size distribution and pigment composition (via HPLC). The spectral efficiency factors Qa, Qb, Qbb for light absorption, scattering and backscattering respectively, were derived, as well as the corresponding chlorophyll-specific coefficients a *, b* and bz. The pigment used when normalizing is “true” chlorophyll a for Synechococcus, and divinyl-chlorophyll a for Prochlorococcus. In correspondence with small sizes (0.6 pm, on average) F’rochlorococcus exhibits Qb values below those of Synechococcus (size about 0.9 km, on average). In contrast, Q, is higher for Prochlorococcus than for Synechococcus, in response to high internal divinyl-chlorophyll content. In the blue part of the spectrum the probability for photons of being absorbed by a Prochlorococcus cell exceeds that of being scattered. Such a combination has never been found before for other algal cells, consistently more efficient as scatterers than as absorbers. The magnitude of the three efficiency Q-factors, as well as their spectral variations, can be understood and reconstructed in the frame of the Mie theory. The impact of these small organisms, dominant in oligotrophic environment, upon the optical properties of such waters are discussed on the basis of their chlorophyll-specific optical coefficients. Their absorption capabilities (per unit of chlorophyll) are not far from being maximum, to the extent that the package effect is rather reduced.
Draft genome sequence of Actinomadura sp. K4S16 and elucidation of the nonthmicin biosynthetic pathway

Actinomadura sp. K4S16 (=NBRC 110471) is a producer of a novel tetronate polyether compound nonthmicin. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of this strain together with features of the organism and assembly, annotation and analysis of the genome sequence. The 9.6 Mb genome of Actinomadura sp. K4S16 encoded 9,004 putative ORFs, of which 7,701 were assigned with COG categories. The genome contained four type-I polyketide synthase (PKS) gene clusters, two type-II PKS gene clusters, and three nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters. Among the type-I PKS gene (t1pks) clusters, a large t1pks cluster was annotated to be responsible for nonthmicin synthesis based on bioinformatic analyses. We also performed feeding experiments using labeled precursors and propose the biosynthetic pathway of nonthmicin.
IR nonlinear photothermal radiometry in carbon/epoxy composite materials: experimental survey

Two different approaches were used to investigate the potential for non-destructive testing of thermal nonlinear effects in composite materials. Second harmonic generation in thermal-wave fields has attracted much attention in recent years for the non-destructive evaluation of solid structures. Even though not the only source, the presence of a defect can result in a strong nonlinear signature, which could enhance the detectability of photothermal methods. The following experimental survey trails several theoretical analyses on the subject, mostly for homogeneous isotropic samples. As composite material structures exhibit often thermo-mechanical nonlinearities originating from the polymer matrix, they appeared to be ideal candidates to exploit the potential of nonlinear photothermal radiometry. In this work, a theoretical model is developed, which could be used to estimate the generated overtones that originate from the most common cause of failure of composites, the delamination. The contribution of other rival but parallel effects is also quantified and compared with the one of interest. Finally, experimental validation with infrared photothermal radiometry demonstrates the reliability of the theoretical assertions.
A Usability Evaluation of Qubes OS

The Qubes operating system [7] is somewhat unique in that it constrains applications in individual virtual machines, requiring the user to change the way they think about interacting with the desktop. In this system usability has a profound effect on security, as user mistakes can undermine the strict isolation Qubes provides. We evaluate if Qubes has successfully incorporated virtual machines into its user interface in order to determine whether other operating systems should consider incorporating their own security primitives. We use Nielsen’s heuristics [14] as a framework for analyzing common tasks in Qubes, and find that in most situations Qubes follows usability best practices. Additionally we find room for improvement in system dialogues and the ability to accommodate new users. Our results show that it is possible to design a usable interface around isolation mechanisms, and that there is more progress to be made in this field.
Cometabolic isoterpinolene formation from isolimonene by denitrifying Alcaligenes defragrans

Alcaligenes defragrans strains denitrify on monoterpenes with an unsaturated hydrocarbon structure. A new cometabolic reaction, the formation of isoterpinolene from isolimonene, was detected in cultures that grew on a monoterpene. The biotransformation of isolimonene, a monocyclic monoterpene with a sp3-hybridized C1 atom of the menthane skeleton, contrasts with the complete mineralization of monoterpenes with a sp2-hybridized C1 atom. This selectivity indicates a demand for a sp2-hybridized C1 atom as structural property for monoterpenes that can be oxidized by A. defragrans.
Combined soft nanotechnology methods — as versatile tools for designing templated nanostructures to obtain optically active materials

Since the discovery of microemulsions, the increasing interest both in basic research and in different industrial fields became more significant due to their unique properties, namely, large interfacial area, ultralow interfacial tension, thermodynamic stability and the ability to solubilize otherwise immiscible liquids. In recent years, nanoparticles have gained an increasing interest because of their unique size dependent properties (electrical, magnetic, mechanical, optical and chemical) which largely differ from those of corresponding bulk materials. As it is already known, by precise control of microemulsion composition and morphology, the special properties of the nanoparticles can be enhanced by their incorporation and/or coating with different matrices. Recently, the microemulsion assisted sol-gel procedure used to control the size, shape and distribution of nanoparticles, was applied as a versatile tool to prepare inorganic and hybrid silica based materials with results in tehnological application, such as: electrochemical, solar collectors, photocatalysis wastewater treatment and NLO materials. This paper aims to offer a vivid look on the use of microemulsions assisted solgel procedure for synthesizing and controlling the size and morphology of the nanoparticles and in the same time some recent works carried out in the synthesis and application of organic and inorganic silica based materials by this method are reviewed.
JBIC Review

In this paper, two dynamic concepts of poverty, namely chronic poverty and transient poverty, are reviewed from the theoretical and demonstrative aspects, and then the role of infrastructure in reducing poverty is discussed. In order to avoid transient poverty, households in developing countries use various risk management strategies for income smoothing and risk coping strategies (self insurance and mutual insurance strategies) for consumption smoothing. It is generally believed that infrastructure development has direct and indirect effects on reducing chronic poverty. However, the stabilization of production processes through provision of disaster prevention, electricity and water services, and the integration of a country’s goods, labor and capital markets through the development of roads, railways, ports, and communication systems, are also important in the reduction of transient poverty.
Weed flora of cereal crops in Canterbury, New Zealand

Abstract Weed communities in Canterbury, New Zealand, cereal crops were characterised in the 1990–91, 1991–92, and 1992–93 growing seasons by measuring species population densities and harvest‐time biomass in 39 and 45 fields respectively of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) in the absence of herbicide treatments. A total of >57 species in >49 genera were recorded representing a total of 23 families with Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, and Polygonaceae predominating. Annuals were more common (29 taxa) than perennials (12 taxa) whereas biennials (4 taxa) were least frequent. Seven species occurred in >50% of young crops: Trifolium sp. (mainly T. repens) (94% of crops), Capsella bursa‐pastoris (85%), Viola arvensis (69%), Stellaria media (69%), Polygonum aviculare (67%), Chenopodium album (67%), and Anagallis arvensis (63%). Weed population densities varied greatly between species but there was less variation between years and crop type. Above harvesting he.
Requirements for Collaborative Decision Making in Enterprise Architecture

Challenges that are hardly technical, have been reported to occur during enterprise architecture development. To address those caused by ineffective collaboration between architects and organisation stakeholders, we are developing a method referred to as Collaborative Evaluation of Enterprise Architecture Design Alternatives (CEADA). Our method aims at enabling effective execution of collaborative tasks during enterprise architecture creation. In earlier work, initial requirements for CEADA were defined and collaboration engineering was used to design a collaboration process for CEADA. Following design science research guidelines, the initial models (describing the requirements and the design of the collaboration process) were analytically evaluated using structured walkthroughs with enterprise architects. The models were then refined and analytically re-evaluated using structured walkthroughs with skilled facilitators and enterprise architects. This paper presents findings from the analytical re-evaluation of the refined model (describing only the requirements), and reports how it was further refined.
A Novel Surface Mesh Coarsening Method for Flux-Dependent Topography Simulations of Semiconductor Fabrication Processes

Summary. We propose a new mesh coarsening method for performance-critical topography simulations of semi-conductor fabrication processes. The underlying algorithm takes advantage of important domain-speciﬁc surface properties. Our method is well suited for Monte Carlo ﬂux calculations and geometric distances are considerable improved compared to references.
Snake oil and pangolin scales: insights into wild animal use at “Marché des Fétiches” traditional medicine market, Togo

Traditional medicine beliefs are culturally important in some West African communities, where there is a thriving domestic consumer demand for wild animal derivatives. Yet, such practices can threaten the conservation of wild populations and negatively impact animal welfare. To identify those species most likely to be affected, we investigated wildlife derivative trade at the largest fetish market of West Africa in Togo. Specifically, we asked what wild animals or animal products were most profitable, which wild animals were perceived by vendors to have increased most in rarity and what they were used for. A key question was whether vendors also sold plant-based alternatives. Vendors provided 36 local animal names, from which we inferred an estimated 281 species. Thirteen percent of these inferred species are categorised on the IUCN Red List as threatened (n = 35); 26% are declining (n = 72). The most commonly cited most profitable wildlife derivatives were “Pangolin” and “Python”; the most commonly cited most profitable live wild animal was “Chameleon”. Overall, wildlife use was predominantly spiritual rather than medicinal. Plant-based alternatives were available, but comprised < 40% of sales and appeared to be considered less important or less useful than wild animal products. The legal status of this domestic trade in Togo is unclear given the existence of potentially conflicting national legislation. In addition to further research focused on the actual impacts on populations and individuals of the species indicated, socio-economic importance of this trade, societal pressures driving consumer demand and an assessment of the feasibility of sustainable plant-based alternatives is warranted.
Biochemical Activities of Pediococcus pentosaceus isolates of Dairy Origin

Abstract Eighty-three strains of pediococci were isolated from raw goat milk and Feta and Kaseri cheese and were characterized as Pediococcus pentosaceus (75 strains) and P. pentosaceus subspecies intermedins (8 strains). The hydrolases of 49 P. pentosaceus strains were examined with the API ZYM system. Leucine aminopeptidase and valine aminopeptidase were the strongest activities found (means 4.98 and 4.92, respectively, on a five-point color intensity scale) and were found in all strains. Activities of β-galactosidase and N-acetyl-β-glucosamidase were found in 96 and 92% of the strains, respectively, and were slightly weaker (mean activities of 4.61 and 4.17, respectively). Considerably lower were the activities of β-glucosidase (mean 2.99) and phosphoamidase (mean 1.55) and were detected in 98 and 55% of the strains, respectively. Very weak ( P. pentosaceus species found in milk and cheese.
Shape variation in surface and cave populations of the armoured catfishes Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Sao Domingos karst area, upper Tocantins River, Brazil

Body shape of four distinct populations of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus from different caves in the Sao Domingos karst area and the local epigean (surface) Ancistrus species were compared using geometric morphometrics. Angelica and Bezerra catfishes were closer to each other and successively to the studied sample of epigean catfishes than to Passa Tres and Sao Vicente I catfishes. Greater similarity between catfishes from the Angelica-Bezerra cave system to epigean catfishes than to other cave catfishes may represent a plesiomorphic feature. On the other hand, the present analyses allowed the distinction between Passa Tres and Sao Vicente I catfishes, which inhabited the same cave system. Topographic isolation due to the presence of several waterfalls interposed between the stream reaches where these catfishes live may explain such morphological differentiation. Also, the presence of a waterfall downstream of the reach where the Angelica sample was obtained may have contributed to the partial isolation of these catfishes from those living in Bezerra Cave. Differences in population sizes probably influenced the degrees of morphological differentiation observed among the cave populations. The mosaic distribution of character states indicated that the four populations of A. cryptophthalmus have evolved rather independently, but the continuous variation suggests a recent connection between these populations, perhaps with a limited gene flow. Considering other features such as reduction of eyes and pigmentation, and changes in body shape, a separate species status for the epigean and hypogean Ancistrus species from the Sao Domingos karst area has been
Spin Coherent Transport in Graphene Superlattice Based Nanostructure

Spin transport characteristics of single layer ferromagnetic graphene superlattice nanostructure is explored with application of external magnetic field and induced infrared (IR) ac-field with certain optimal value of frequency. The transfer matrix methods have been used to calculate the tunneling probability through the proposed nanostructure and Landuar Buttiker equation for conductance of both different spin alignments. Conductance of these spin alignments is used to declare the spin polarization and giant magneto-resistance. The Fano factor for the explored nanostructure has been computed for both spin alignments. Results show oscillatory manner with high selectivity form at certain ranges of transmission control parameters for the conductance and Fano factor for both spin alignments. These oscillations might be because of the induced proximity effect of gating of EuO which leads to spin filtering. Also results show that spin polarization attains 100% at certain value of gate voltage. So the present exploration of spin transport through single layer ferromagnetic graphene superlattice might have a scientific potential in the design and understanding of graphene superlattice based spin filters by optimizing the different parameters studied in this paper. Keywords— Spin polarization; graphene superlattice; ferromagnetic insulator EuO; giant magneto-resistance; magnetic field; ac-field
The wall and aperture development of pollen from dioecious Solanum appendiculatum: What is inaperturate pollen?

Pollen from the dioecious species Solanum appendiculatum H. et B. ex Dun. is dimorphic. Pollen from the functional male flowers is tricolporate and pollen from the functional female flowers is inaperturate. Pollen from both types of flowers exhibit a high percentage of viability. Ultrastructural studies of the development in both pollen types is similar except for the development of apertures. Early in development, pollen from the male flower lacks deposition of the primexine in the apertural region. Pollen from the female flowers develops a primexine in the position of the apertures similar to the primexine in non‐apertural areas. Following the development of sexine in both pollen types, the nexine is accreted on unit‐membrane like structures. After the nexine has developed, the development of the intine ensues and is completed before anthesis. In pollen from the female flowers the nexine and intine exhibit thickening in various places. These thickenings are similar to those in the apertural region of th.
Nursing Approach Based on Watson’s Theory of Human Caring in Treatment Adherence in Hemodialysis Patients

Cite this article as: Yangöz ŞT, Özer Z. Nursing Approach Based on Watson’s Theory of Human Caring in Treatment Adherence in Hemodialysis Patients. Bezmialem Science 2020;8(2):189-6. Address for Correspondence: Zeynep ÖZER, Akdeniz University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Antalya, Turkey Phone: +90 533 658 68 09 E-mail: zeynepcanli@akdeniz.edu. tr ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-1208 ABSTRACT ÖZ
Identifying and Prioritizing Effective Factors in Constructing Dry Ports in Iran

This research aims at identifying and ranking the effective factors in constructing dry ports in Iran. Initially, by reviewing the literature and inputs from professionals, 20 important criteria impacting constructing dry ports were identified,categorized under three groups of infrastructure, hardware and software and data were collected through questionnaire. Questionnaire’s validity was determined by university professors and professionals and reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by Cronbach’s Alpha, which showed an acceptable level of 0.789. Collected data were analyzed by appropriate tatistical tests. The results showed that the main dimensions of software, hardware and infrastructure were the most effective factors in constructing dry ports in Iran respectively. Moreover, of the 20 identified criteria, “the availability of the equipment and facilities for loading and unloading”, “providing the customs and clearance services”, “access to the national and international main routes (hinterland)” were the most important criteria and have had the most effects on constructing dry ports. Criteria such as “access to the empty container for commercial transactions”, “proximity to the production markets and “access to the borders” showed the least effect on constructing dry ports in Iran.
Fisher’s significance test: A gentle introduction

The p-value is often misunderstood and, for example, misinterpreted as a probability for the correctness of the null hypothesis. The aim of Andreas Stang Bernd Kowall this article is to first explain the definition of the p-value. Determining the p-value requires knowledge of a probability function. How an appropriate statistical model is selected and how the p-value is determined 1 Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and using this model, the null hypothesis and the empirical data is explained Epidemiology; University Hospital of Essen, Germany using the t-distribution. When interpreting the p-value obtained in this way, two incompatible statistical schools of thought are confronted: the orthodox Neyman-Pearson hypothesis test, which amounts to a decision 2 School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, between the null hypothesis and a complementary alternative hypothesBoston University, Boston, United States is, and Fisher’s significance test, in which no alternative hypothesis is formulated and in which the smaller the p-value, the greater the evidence against the null hypothesis. The amount ends with some critical remarks about the handling of p-values.