Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leaching of nitrogen and base cations from calcareous soil amended with organic residues

The potential for groundwater and surface water pollution by nutrients in organic residues, primarily nitrogen (N) and base cations (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+), is a consideration when applying such residues to land. In this study, we used a laboratory column leaching procedure to examine the leaching of N, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in soils treated with two types of raw organic residues (poultry manure and potato residues) and one municipal waste compost, which are currently recycled on agricultural land in Iran. Each organic residue was thoroughly mixed with two different soils (sandy loam and clay) at the rate of 3%. Soil columns were leached at 4-d intervals for 92 d with distilled water, and effluents were analysed for pH, EC, nitrate (NO -N), ammonium (NH -N) K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. The results indicated that the amounts of NO -N and NH -N leached from the poultry manure and potato residues could represent very important economic losses of N and pose an environmental threat under field conditions. The sandy loam soil amended with poultry manure lost the highest amount of NO -N (206.4 kg ha−1), and clay soil amended with poultry manure lost the highest amounts of NH -N (454.3 kg ha−1). The results showed that a treatment incorporating 3% of municipal waste compost could be used without negative effects to groundwater N concentration in clay soil. Significant amounts of K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ were leached owing to the application of poultry manure, potato and municipal waste compost to soils. There was a positive relationship between K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ with NO -N and NH -N leached in soils. Analysis of variance detected significant effects of amendment, soil type and time on the leaching NO -N, NH -N, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+.
A model for ranking sentence pairs in parallel corpora

In this paper, the problem of ranking sentence pairs in parallel corpora was addressed for the first time. To solve this problem, a novel model was proposed. In this model, both syntax features and semantics features of sentence pairs are considered. Since most today's statistical machine translation models depend on word alignment, features related to word alignment information are also included. Two experiments were carried out and the results showed that the model had promising performance.
Pharmacokinetics of single‐dose sildenafil administered orally in clinically healthy dogs: Effect of feeding and dose proportionality

Basic information related to the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in dogs is scarce. This study aimed to describe the pharmacokinetic properties of oral sildenafil and determine the effect of feeding and dose proportionality. The effect of feeding on pharmacokinetics of sildenafil (1 mg/kg) was investigated using a crossover study with six dogs. In addition, the dose proportionality of sildenafil ranging 1-4 mg/kg was evaluated using five dogs in the fasted states. The plasma concentrations of sildenafil were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental analysis. Sildenafil administrations were well tolerated in all studies. Feeding reduced the area under the curve extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf ) and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax ) significantly. The elimination half-life (T1/2 ) did not differ between the fasted and the fed states. For dose proportionality, nonproportional increases in AUCinf and Cmax at 1-4 mg/kg doses were detected by a power model analysis.
Income Classification using Adult Census Data ( CSE 258 Assignment 2 )

In our project, we worked on the Census data set. In our initial stages, we preprocessed the data and developed understanding of the data and its useful features that explain the variances by doing various types of exploratory analysis. Later, we moved on to a classification task of predicting whether the income is >=50k/year from a person’s attributes, by using important features. For the classification task, we implemented various machine learning models, that after the initial task would prove useful. After implementing various machine learning models, we compared their results on the training and the test set to arrive at a model that works best for the predictive task on both test and training data set with 87% accuracy. In the whole process, we got help from previous works on the same dataset cited in various literature.
Differential Expression of SI 9 Ribosomal Protein , Laminin-binding Protein , and Human Lymphocyte Antigen Class I Messenger RNAs Associated with Colon Carcinoma Progression and Differentiation 1

Three complementary DNA encoding S19 ribosomal protein (S19), laminin-binding protein (LBP), and HLA class I (HLA-I) genes were isolated from a colon tumor-enriched subtraction library. To evaluate this mRNA expression, surgically removed colon tumors as well as matched normal tissue and human colon carcinoma cell lines showing various differentiation states, anchorage dependence, and proliferation states were examined by Northern blot analysis. The mRNA level of S19 mRNA (0.6 kilobase) was higher in primary colon carcinoma tissue than in matched normal colon tissue in 5 of 6 cases. In 2 of 4 cases, the expression of LBP mRNA (1.2 kilobases) was higher in carcinoma than in normal tissue. In 12 human colon cell lines, the level of LBP mRNA was higher in poorly differentiated cells. On the other hand, HLA-I mRNA (1.7 kilobases) was higher in well-differentiated cells. Although the S19 mRNA was expressed in both welland poorly differentiated cells, a concomitant increase with tumor progression was observed in two pairs of cell lines derived from the same patients (SW480 and SW620; COLO201 and COLO205). Anchorage dependence of Inn>rate-treat cd HT29 colon carcinoma cells was correlated with lower levels of S19 and LBP mRN As and higher levels of HLA-I mRNA expression compared with untreated cells. While the expression of S19 and LBP niRNAs was not changed due to cell growth states, HLA-I mRNA levels were found to be low in proliferating HT29 cells but highly induced in contactinhibited cells. In summary, therefore, high expression of S19 and LBP combined with low expression of HLA-I were well correlated with colon carcinoma cells of higher malignant potential.
Modeling Recreational Amenities in an Urban Setting: Location, Congestion, and Substitution Effects

In this article, we introduce a recreational amenity—a greenbelt park—into a simple urban economic model. For multiple possible park placements, we solve for the associated equilibrium urban structure, including the equilibrium rent gradient, city boundary, total number of park visits, the overall utility level, and total vehicle miles traveled. We examine how these change with alternative park placement sites. We then show how two modifications of the basic model—allowing congestion at the site to affect site quality, and introducing the possibility of a substitute site at the city's periphery—affect our conclusions about how greenbelt location influences urban structure.
Response to Commentary: Platelet-rich plasma for patent ductus arteriosus in the era of organ-targeted therapy, author reply

There is individual variability among preterms regarding the behaviour of patent ductus arteriosus, and spontaneous closure can be achieved in most instances by proper metabolic and respiratory management. However, there is a subgroup of cases that definitely requires medical intervention and benefit from early ductal closure. Lower birth weight and earlier gestational age (23–25 weeks), the presence of chorioamnionitis and sepsis, and the absence of antenatal exposure to steroids are risk factors that interfere with spontaneous closure, and such cases constitute our target population. We hypothesise that our treatment modality would be successful in a selected group of cases.
A novel Phishing classification based on URL features

Phishing is the process of illicitly obtaining data through social engineering via electronic communication channels. As reported by the Anti-Phishing Working Group (APWG)1, Phishing attacks are growing in volume and sophistication. As a result, the need to improve Phishing detection methods increases. We introduce a simple and novel Phishing classification feature that aims toward supplementing existing classifiers by detecting a subset of Phishing attacks.
Type 3 Fimbriae and Biofilm Formation Are Regulated by the Transcriptional Regulators MrkHI in Klebsiella pneumoniae

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen which frequently causes hospital-acquired urinary and respiratory tract infections. K. pneumoniae may establish these infections in vivo following adherence, using the type 3 fimbriae, to indwelling devices coated with extracellular matrix components. Using a colony immunoblot screen, we identified transposon insertion mutants which were deficient for type 3 fimbrial surface production. One of these mutants possessed a transposon insertion within a gene, designated mrkI, encoding a putative transcriptional regulator. A site-directed mutant of this gene was constructed and shown to be deficient for fimbrial surface expression under aerobic conditions. MrkI mutants have a significantly decreased ability to form biofilms on both abiotic and extracellular matrix-coated surfaces. This gene was found to be cotranscribed with a gene predicted to encode a PilZ domain-containing protein, designated MrkH. This protein was found to bind cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) and regulate type 3 fimbrial expression.
Exacerbation of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in P2X7R−/− Mice: Evidence for Loss of Apoptotic Activity in Lymphocytes1

The purinergic receptor P2X7R is a nucleotide-gated ion channel that has been proposed to function as a major regulator of inflammation. In this study we examined the role of this receptor in regulating inflammation in the CNS by determining the effects of the loss of this receptor (P2X7R−/−) on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis. We show here that P2X7R−/− mice developed more severe clinical and pathological expression of EAE than wild type (WT) controls and that spleen and lymph node cells from P2X7R−/− mice proliferated more vigorously to Ag in vitro. Bone marrow (BM) radiation chimeras revealed that enhanced susceptibility to EAE was detected in chimeric mice of WT host engrafted with P2X7R−/− BM cells, indicating that the genotype of the BM cells regulated disease susceptibility. Coculture of P2X7R−/− macrophages with WT lymphocytes and vice versa showed that enhanced proliferative activity resided within the P2X7R−/− lymphocyte population and correlated with reduced levels of IFN-γ and NO and apoptosis of lymphocytes. mRNA and protein for IFN-γ were also significantly reduced in the CNS of P2X7R−/− mice with EAE. FACS analysis of cells isolated from the CNS showed significantly fewer annexin V/propidium iodide-positive lymphocytes in the CNS of P2X7R−/− mice early in the disease, and TUNEL staining of inflamed CNS tissues supported this result. From these data we conclude that enhanced susceptibility of P2X7R−/− mice to EAE reflects a loss of apoptotic activity in lymphocytes, supporting an important role for this receptor in lymphocyte homeostasis.
Computer Architecture Techniques for Power-Efficiency

In the last few years, power dissipation has become an important design constraint, on par with performance, in the design of new computer systems. Whereas in the past, the primary job of the computer architect was to translate improvements in operating frequency and transistor count into performance, now power efficiency must be taken into account at every step of the design process. While for some time, architects have been successful in delivering 40% to 50% annual improvement in processor performance, costs that were previously brushed aside eventually caught up. The most critical of these costs is the inexorable increase in power dissipation and power density in processors. Power dissipation issues have catalyzed new topic areas in computer architecture, resulting in a substantial body of work on more power-efficient architectures. Power dissipation coupled with diminishing performance gains, was also the main cause for the switch from single-core to multi-core architectures and slowdown in frequency increase. This book aims to document some of the most important architectural techniques that were invented, proposed, and applied to reduce both dynamic power and static power dissipation in processors and memory hierarchies. A significant number of techniques have been proposed for a wide range of situations and this book synthesizes those techniques by focusing on their common characteristics. Table of Contents: Introduction / Modeling, Simulation, and Measurement / Using Voltage and Frequency Adjustments to Manage Dynamic Power / Optimizing Capacitance and Switching Activity to Reduce Dynamic Power / Managing Static (Leakage) Power / Conclusions
The Reporting and Ethics of the Research Relationship in Areas of Interpersonal Psychology, 1939-89

This study examined research reports published in the interpersonal areas of psychology from 1939 to 1989, focusing on authors' descriptions of the relationship between investigators and research participants. Analysis of 3001 articles published at 10-year intervals in seven US journals and one Canadian showed that researchers employed participants as data sources only and typically did not report consent, debriefing or feedback; authors generally described participants but not data collectors and settings, heavily used the term `subjects' and seldom acknowledged participants. Overall, hierarchical research and depersonalized reporting prevailed. The findings also illuminate the historical role of women researchers and participants' gender and underscore recommendations for including social and ethical processes in journal reports.
Completed suicide in psychiatric inpatients and former inpatients A comparative study

ABSTRACT– A total of 49 psychiatric inpatient suicides were compared with 53 former psychiatric inpatients who had committed suicide within one year after their discharge. Significant differences were found in the diagnostic distribution of both groups, especially the predominance of schizophrenics among inpatient suicides, and of alcoholics and drug abusers among suicides of former inpatients. Furthermore, some other important differences between the groups emerged that bore practical implications. In different diagnostic groups suicide occurs for different reasons and based on different psychosocial backgrounds. In the investigation of suicide in psychiatric patients, homogeneity of the population studied in terms of patient status should be strived for.
Movements of a deep-water fish: establishing marine fisheries management boundaries in coastal Arctic waters.

Management boundaries that define populations or stocks of fish form the basis of fisheries planning. In the Arctic, decreasing sea ice extent is driving increasing fisheries development, highlighting the need for ecological data to inform management. In Cumberland Sound, southwest Baffin Island, an indigenous community fishery was established in 1987 targeting Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) through the ice. Following its development, the Cumberland Sound Management Boundary (CSMB) was designated and a total allowable catch (TAC) assigned to the fishery. The CSMB was based on a sink population of Greenland halibut resident in the northern section of the Sound. Recent fishing activities south of the CSMB, however, raised concerns over fish residency, the effectiveness of the CSMB and the sustainability of the community-based winter fishery. Through acoustic telemetry monitoring at depths between 400 and 1200 m, and environmental and fisheries data, this study examined the movement patterns of Greenland halibut relative to the CSMB, the biotic and abiotic factors driving fish movement and the dynamics of the winter fishery. Greenland halibut undertook clear seasonal movements between the southern and northern regions of the Sound driven by temperature, dissolved oxygen, and sea ice cover with most fish crossing the CSMB on an annual basis. Over the lifespan of the fishery, landfast ice cover initially declined and then became variable, limiting accessibility to favored fisher locations. Concomitantly, catch per unit effort declined, reflecting the effect of changing ice conditions on the location and effort of the fishery. Ultimately, these telemetry data revealed that fishers now target less productive sites outside of their favored areas and, with continued decreases in ice, the winter fishery might cease to exist. In addition, these novel telemetry data revealed that the CSMB is ineffective and led to its relocation to the entrance of the Sound in 2014. The community fishery can now develop an open-water fishery in addition to the winter fishery to exploit the TAC, which will ensure the longevity of the fishery under projected climate-change scenarios. Telemetry shows great promise as a tool for understanding deep-water species and for directly informing fisheries management of these ecosystems that are inherently complex to study.
Multicast in IP Fast Reroute

Over the last few years, Internet Protocol (IP) networks have made significant progress, allowing to provide voice over IP (VoIP) and other real-time services. The quality of provided real-time services depends on quality parameters of the network (QoS). One of the leading QoS parameters is the survivability of network itself. The survivability parameter reflects on how fast the network will recover after the failure of a link or a node. One of mechanisms which significantly improves the survivability of network is the IP Fast Reroute (IP FRR) mechanism. Currently, there are many of IPFRR methods mainly developed by IETF. In this paper we present and analyze few of existing IP FRR proposals. Finally we introduce a new method utilizing the multicast technology improving recovery time after a link or a node failure.
Mechanism of N-Acetylgalactosamine Binding to a C-type Animal Lectin Carbohydrate-recognition Domain*

The mammalian hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor, a member of the C-type animal lectin family, displays preferential binding to N-acetylgalactosamine compared with galactose. The structural basis for selective binding toN-acetylgalactosamine has been investigated. Regions of the carbohydrate-recognition domain of the receptor believed to be important in preferential binding to N-acetylgalactosamine have been inserted into the homologous carbohydrate-recognition domain of a mannose-binding protein mutant that was previously altered to bind galactose. Introduction of a single histidine residue corresponding to residue 256 of the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor was found to cause a 14-fold increase in the relative affinity forN-acetylgalactosamine compared with galactose. The relative ability of various acyl derivatives of galactosamine to compete for binding to this modified carbohydrate-recognition domain suggest that it is a good model for the natural N-acetylgalactosamine binding site of the asialoglycoprotein receptor. Crystallographic analysis of this mutant carbohydrate-recognition domain in complex withN-acetylgalactosamine reveals a direct interaction between the inserted histidine residue and the methyl group of theN-acetyl substituent of the sugar. Evidence for the role of the side chain at position 208 of the receptor in positioning this key histidine residue was obtained from structural analysis and mutagenesis experiments. The corresponding serine residue in the modified carbohydrate-recognition domain of mannose-binding protein forms a hydrogen bond to the imidazole side chain. When this serine residue is changed to valine, loss in selectivity forN-acetylgalactosamine is observed. The structure of this mutant reveals that the β-branched valine side chain interacts directly with the histidine side chain, resulting in an altered imidazole ring orientation.
A Comprehensive Study of Subsurface Propagation from Horizontal Electric Dipoles

The general exact integrals for the electromagnetic field of an electric dipole in the earth near its boundary with the air are evaluated numerically over the full range of conductivities and permittivities that characterize different parts of the earth's surface. The following ranges are included: permittivities from 2 to 80, conductivities from 4 x 10-6 to 4 S/m, frequencies from 10 to 109 Hz, radial distances from 0.1 to 100 km, and depths of the source and point of observation from 0.15 to 15 m. The generally useful component of the electric field Ep is represented in graphs and contour diagrams that display the characteristics of propagation in their dependence on the frequency, the radial distance, the depth, and the electrical parameters of the earth. They are interpreted in terms of approximate formulas of Banos which are evidences of the lateral-wave nature of the field.
An embedded system for evoked biopotential acquisition and processing

This work presents an autonomous embedded system for evoked biopotential acquisition and processing. The system is versatile and can be used on different evoked potential scenarios like medical equipments or brain computer interfaces, fulfilling the strict real-time constraints that they impose. The embedded system is based on an ARM9 processor with capabilities to port a real-time operating system. Initially, a benchmark of the Windows CE operative system running on the embedded system is presented in order to find out its real-time capability as a set. Finally, a brain computer interface based on visual evoked potentials is implemented. Results of this application recovering visual evoked potential using two techniques: the fast Fourier transform and stimulus locked inter trace correlation, are also presented.
Ultra-Wideband Channel Sounder for Measurements at 70 GHz

Owing to the limitation in bandwidth of currently used frequency bands, future fifth generation (5G) mobile networks will need to operate at higher frequencies. However, one important step in the research activities for the next generation of mobile networks is the broadband fully polarimetric analysis of the multipath propagation in dynamic single and multiuser scenarios under time-variant shadowing environments in millimetre- wave (mm-wave) channels. This paper presents a channel sounding campaign at 70 GHz in an urban outdoor scenario focusing on broadband channel characteristic at mmwave. For the measurements a novel dual-polarized (DP) ultrawideband (UWB) multi-channel sounder (DP-UMCS) architecture, developed at the TU Ilmenau for propagation measurements in cellular networks, was used to study the directional and polarization properties of the channel in view of the future wireless communication systems.
Analyzing the ripple effects of change in business process models

Change management is a critical task to control the side effects of a modification during the business process evolution. The evolution of business processes is an essential activity for the companies to better fulfill the requirements of their customers and different stakeholders. In this respect, the enterprises should adopt an effective mechanism in order to achieve the flexible business process models. It is important to identify and highlight the ripple effects of a change for minimizing their impact on other parts or entities of the system and associated services. This paper proposes a dependency-centric approach for change impact analysis. We attempt to demonstrate the change impact propagation in business process models by detecting and analyzing the interdependencies among all parts of business processes along with associated services. It can support the maintenance and evolution of business process models. The major objective is to help the modelers and business experts to assess the associated risk of intended changes and estimate the effort required for their accomplishments.