Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Découverte d'un gène causant une ataxie spastique héréditaire dominante dans la population de Terre-Neuve

Les ataxies spastiques hereditaires forment une famille heterogene de desordres qui ont des points communs avec les ataxies hereditaires et les paraplegies spastiques hereditaires. Un de ces elements est une ataxie, soit une difficulte de coordination des membres souvent due a un dommage au cervelet. L’autre est une spasticite des membres inferieurs, souvent due a des dommages a la voie cortico-spinale. Une seule ataxie spastique a heredite autosomique dominante a ete rapportee dans la litterature, et il s’agit de SPAX1. A l’aide de trois familles de Terre-Neuve presentant ce phenotype, le locus a ete identifie en 2002. Dans ce memoire, c’est de la decouverte du gene causal dont il est question. La mutation a ete trouvee dans le gene VAMP1, qui encode la proteine synaptobrevine 1, une proteine synaptique impliquee dans l’exocytose des neurotransmetteurs. Il est aussi question de la caracterisation fonctionnelle de la mutation sur l’ARN et des consequences possibles sur la proteine, concordant avec les symptomes de la maladie.
Physiological and biochemical studies of stratified Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] seeds after redrying, storage, and subsequent germination

approved: Denis P. Lavender The physiological and biochemical responses of Douglas-fir seeds to stratification, redrying, storage and subsequent germination were determined. Stratification increased seed vigor, embryo and gametophyte phosphorylative efficiency and RNA synthetic ability. Redrying seems to increase the rate of enthryonic nucleic acid synthesis, speed of germination and seedling vigor. ATP, total adenosine phosphates and energy charge levels of stratified seed were stable through air drying. RNA levels were markedly reduced during 1 and 3 months of cold storage possibly indicating an enhanced RNAse activity. Storage also reduced seed energy status, seed viability, and seed vigor. The loss of stratification benefits and subsequent deterioration throughout storage were similar in stratified and redried stratified seeds. None of the biochemical criteria studied in the 5-day-old seedling showed close proportionality with either physiological responses or biochemical changes obtained in the seed stage. Studies of water distribution among seed structures indicate that different tissues hydrate from an average of 6% to varied extent after stratification. Stratified seeds contained 46, 56, 52 and 32% moisture content in whole seed, seed coat, embryo and gametophyte, respectively. Moisture reduction of stratified seeds to 35% did not affect embryo or gametophyte moisture content. However, redrying stratified seeds to 25% reduced the moisture content of all seed structures. Three months of storage did not alter moisture distribution within seeds. Results suggest that it would be advantageous to redry seeds to a range of 25 to 35% before sowing to produce vigorous seedlings or to allow the expression of best benefits of stratification. Physiological and Biochemical Studies of Stratified Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Francol Seeds After Redrying, Storage, and Subsequent Germination
Intrasubject registration for change analysis in medical imaging

Image matching is important for the comparison of medical images. Comparison is of clinical relevance for the analysis of differences due to changes in the health of a patient. For example, when a disease is imaged at two time points, then one wants to know if it is stable, has regressed, or progressed. Another example is when a patient is imaged before and after treatment. In this case one wants to know to what extent treatment was successful. The type of clinical action that is taken is dependent on the outcome of this analysis. This thesis addresses the analysis of change in medical images by means of image registration. We distinguish three contributions of the work described in this thesis: - The software package elastix, which contains a collection of the algorithms available in the literature, and allows for easy selection, testing and comparison of the different methods. - Tissue-dependent Image Registration and Change Detection: In Chapter 3 this problem is tackled by locally adapting the deformation field at structures that must be kept rigid, using a tissue-dependent filtering technique. In Chapter 4 the construction of a rigidity penalty term is described. position. Local rigidity is included in the registration by including a penalty term in the cost function. We studied the impact of the additional use of a subtraction image on the detection of changes for ground-glass nodules in Chapter 5, using the technique of Chapter 4. The subtraction image aids the early detection of changes in these nodules, and may improve patient prognosis. Improved Registration Performance: In Chapter 6, the registration of cervical data was addressed using mutual information of not only image intensity, but also features that describe local image structure. Several technical aspects of the proposed cost function were addressed to obtain a feasible registration time.
Vliv migrace na specializaci občanů Evropské unie [The Impact of Immigration on Occupational Specialization of European Union Citizens]

The Impact of Immigration on Occupational Specialization of European Union Citizens The article tests whether the impact of immigration on native workers differs depending on the business cycle. Previous studies proved that labor mobility and the effect of immigration differs with respect to the business cycle. For the expansionary years was found a sizable relocation of native workers to occupations with more interactive rather than manual content as a response to immigration. This is no longer the case for economy in recession period. However, there is null impact on native employment that does not change with the business cycle. The European labor market has been studied just in the period before crisis. Following the study about Spanish task specialization we would like to see if there is any change of impact of immigration on native task specialization in European Union. We split the data on the time period of expansion and the time period of economic crisis using the European Labor Force Survey. We would like to examine the effect of immigration on task specialization of natives on three groups of countries, West Europe, Germany and Middle and East Europe. The results show that the impact changes with the economic cycle and the country group.
Prediction of Mammalian MicroRNA Targets - Comparative Genomics Approach with Longer 3' UTR Databases

MicroRNAs play an important role in regulating gene expression, but their target identification is a difficult task due to their short length and imperfect complementarity. Burge and coworkers developed a program called TargetScan that allowed imperfect complementarity and established a procedure favoring targets with multiple binding sites conserved in multiple organisms. We improved their algorithm in two major aspects - (i) using well-defined UTR (untranslated region) database, (ii) examining the extent of conservation inside the 3' UTR specifically. Average length in our UTR database, based on the ECgene annotation, is more than twice longer than the Ensembl. Then, TargetScan was used to identify putative binding sites. The extent of conservation varies significantly inside the 3' UTR. We used the 'tight' tracks in the UCSC genome browser to select the conserved binding sites in multiple species. By combining the longer 3' UTR data, TargetScan, and tightly conserved blocks of genomic DNA, we identified 107 putative target genes with multiple binding sites conserved in multiple species, of which 85 putative targets are novel.
Genetic evaluation for functional traits in Norway

The breeding plan for the Norwegian dairy cattle (NRF) population was designed for a broad breeding goal and low heritability traits. Each year 125 bulls are progeny tested based on 250 to 300 daughters, as a result of 40% test inseminations. Evaluation using data across years have been implemented for several functional traits and the development in average sire solutions estimated. Mastitis and other production diseases were held on a constant level until 1990, then weight in the total merit index was transferred from milk yield. This increased yearly improvement to 9% of a genetic std for both mastitis and other production diseases. Milk yield and non-return rate of heifers improved yearly by 3.9% and 2.2% of a genetic std, respectively. Dystocia and stillbirth improved slightly for direct effect, and worsened slightly for the maternal effect. Milk speed and leakage are counteractive and kept at present level by removal of their weights in the total merit index.
Temperature is not responsible for left‐right reversal in pelagic unicellular zooplanktons

Many holoplanktons disperse passively without active habitat choice. Their morphology may vary over wide distribution ranges by phenotypic plasticity or allelic variation. Planktic foraminifera, which are unicellular holoplanktons and occur in every ocean, could be an excellent system to study diversity and evolution in cellular responses to the environment. They uniquely exhibit single-cell asymmetry in the coiled shell. Their handedness has long been said to change phenotypically by habitat temperature without statistical evidence. We tested temperature dependence of coil-morph frequency within species of pelagic foraminifera in global scale for the first time. Our analyses of molecular phylogeny indicate that five monophyletic clades in Globorotalia truncatulinoides represent genetically isolated species from one another. Morph frequency varies across wide ranges of water temperature within three of the five species but shows no dependence on temperature. Contrarily, morph frequency exhibited apparent dependence when we pooled all specimens of the five species. This suggests that the correlations with temperature have classically been observed because of taxonomical confusions and interspecific differences in distribution. The present results against the classical hypothesis by thorough examinations rather argue for a possible presence of genetic basis for coiling direction in foraminifera. Our results provide a base to explore the evolution of left-right asymmetry in unicellular eukaryotes.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Multidrug- Resistant Salmonella, Shigella and Proteus from Domestic Birds

The increase in multidrug-resistant enteric bacteria, especially Salmonella , Shigella and Proteus in poultry has become a significant public health threat. Therefore, this work was aimed to investigate whether domestic birds have a role in the emergence and transmission of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in Taif province. Salmonella , Shigella and Proteus were isolated from different types of healthy domestic birds (n=42) collected from different places. Bacterial isolates were recovered from cloacal swabs of birds by non-selective and selective pre-enrichment technique. One hundred and sixty six bacterial isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility such as Cefaclor, Oxacillin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Cephalexin, Neomycin, Colistin, Ciprofloxacin, Oxytetracycline, Norfloxacin, Lincomycin, Gentamycin, Amoxicillin, Enrofloxacin and Piperacillin. The MDR bacterial isolates were identified using morphological, biochemical characteristics, and confirmed by API 20E strips, serological tests and 16S rRNA analysis. Forty-eight percent of the collected birds were positive for drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria including Salmonella , Shigella and Proteus . Phenotypic characterization was proved by PCR amplification of invA and mdh genes. The MDR bacterial isolates were found to harbour the plasmid-encoded multi-drug resistance. These results revealed that poultry might serve as a reservoir of multidrug-resistant Salmonella , Shigella and Proteus , and could be a possible mean of distribution of these pathogens to human.
Fisheries-Induced Changes in Growth Rates in Marine Fisheries: Are they Significant?

Fishing provides selective pressure on many fisheries life-history traits, and interest in the impact of size-selective fishing on the evolution of growth rates is long standing. Recent studies, both laboratory and empirical, suggest that such size-selective fishing is significant. Using a metaanalysis of 73 commercially fished stocks, we found that declines in mass at age are slightly more common than increases, but no relationship was apparent between the intensity of fishing and the change in growth rate. We reviewed a number of size-selectivity patterns in major commercial fisheries and found that the intensity of selection and the size selectivity were both considerably less than are used in laboratory experiments. We simulated the evolutionary impact of fishing on growth and found that, given the actual selectivity patterns found in most commercial fisheries, little evolutionary impact on growth rates is expected. The model showed that the best way to reduce evolutionary impacts is to lower exploitation rates. We suggest that, for fisheries where size-specific selection is very intense, managers should use a model such as ours to evaluate potential evolutionary impacts.
Food consumption/biomass ratios of the pelagic fish community of Lake Malawi/Niassa

An empirical model relating food requirements to morphometric indices of metabolic rate was used to calculate consumption/biomass ratios (Q/B) for 16 species of fish that make the pelagic fish community in Lake Malawi/Niassa. The Q/B/year varied from 3.31 to 9.82, with the large catfish (Dinotopterus nyasensis) having the lowest and a small cyprinid (Engraulicypris sardella) having the highest Q/B ratio. Direct estimates of Q/B for four of the most abundant species, based on analysis of diel feeding patterns, ranged from 4.20 to 24.70; the extreme values in this range representing replicate studies on the same species, the predatory cichlid Rhamphochromis longiceps. Previous studies that indicated exceptionally low Q/B ratios (1.0) in pelagic cichlids from Lake Malawi are not supported by this more recent work.
Bioinduced barium precipitation in St. Callixtus and Domitilla catacombs

Biofilms are widely distributed in different areas of the Roman catacombs of St. Callixtus and Domitilla due to the abundance of mineral elements in the volcanic rock, high humidity and artificial lighting. Cyanobacteria are responsible for biofilm formation to which heterotrophic bacteria and fungi are associated. Barite (barium sulphate) was detected as secondary mineralization in altered volcanic rocks from both catacombs. Its spatial disposition suggests an origin related with the observed bacterial mats. Witherite (barium carbonate) precipitated in cultures of bacteria isolated from the two catacombs. This suggests a role of bacteria in the biogeochemical cycle of barium in terrestrial envi- ronments and, particularly, in the mobilization of barium from the volcanic rocks and its further sulphate precipitation.
Growth curves of Turkish Saanen goats' kids grouped for weight and body mass index

Abstract. Growth curves and weaning stress differences were investigated in Turkish Saanen kids grouped for their weight and Body Mass Index (BMI = weight/height2). Data included 884 records collected from 61 Turkish Saanen kids raised in Canakkale, Turkey. Slopes were calculated for each kid and were analyzed as data using ordinary least squares, and repeated weights for each kid were analyzed using various covariance structures. Differences between male and female kids were small and non-significant before weaning (P = 0.55), while larger (P = 0.06) after weaning. Heavy animals grew faster than light animals before weaning (P 0.05). Fat animals (high BMI) grew faster than lean animals (low BMI) before weaning (P
Baixa umidade do solo na eficácia de herbicidas aplicados em pré-emergência = Low soil moisture in effectiveness of pre-emergence herbicide application

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da baixa umidade do solo na eficacia da aplicacao dos herbicidas clomazone + ametrina, sulfentrazone e tebuthiuron em pre-emergencia, submetidos a aplicacao de lâminas de chuva em diferentes intervalos de tempo apos sua aplicacao, no controle de plantas de B. pilosa , C. echinatus e U. plantaginea . O experimento foi conduzido em vasos com capacidade de 2,5L, em condicao de casa-de-vegetacao, e o delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repeticoes, disposto em um esquema fatorial 3x5 (tres herbicidas e cinco intervalos de chuva). Os herbicidas aplicados em pre-emergencia foram clomazone+ametrina (Sinerge EC) a 5,0 L p.c. ha -1 , sulfentrazone (Boral 500 SC) a 1,2 L p.c. ha -1 e tebuthiuron (Combine SC) a 2,0 L p.c. ha -1 , e as lâminas de chuva de 20 mm foram aplicadas sobre os vasos em cinco intervalos de tempo apos a aplicacao dos herbicidas (0h, 4h, 8h, 12h e 24h). Foram realizadas avaliacoes visuais de controle nas plantas que emergiram aos 14 e 21 dias apos a aplicacao dos tratamentos e a porcentagem de emergencia das plantas foi calculada. A aplicacao dos tres herbicidas em solo muito seco, seguida de chuvas em ate 24 horas apos a aplicacao, permitiu a emergencia de plantas de C. echinatus , reduziu a emergencia das plantas de B. pilosa , mas ao final das avaliacoes controlou eficazmente estas duas especies e as plantas de U. plantaginea .
The Genetic Relationships of the Sister Species Drosophila Mojavensis and Drosophila Arizonae and the Genetic Basis of Sterility in their Hybrid Males

7 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 9 Explanation of the Problem and Its Context 9 Literature Review 10 Levels of isolation 10 Basic theories and patterns in postzygotic isolation 11 Patterns resulting from previous genetic analyses of postzygotic isolation 13 Problems with previous studies 15 Requisites for a good study system 16 Drosophila mojavensis/D. arizonae system 16 Explanation of Dissertation Format 21 CHAPTER TWO: PRESENT STUDY 24 REFERENCES 28 APPENDIX A. EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS OF DROSOPHILA MOJAVENSIS GEOGRAPHIC HOST RACES AND THEIR SISTER SPECIES DROSOPHILA ARIZONAE 33 APPENDIX B. EARLY EVENTS IN SPECIATION: POLYMORPHISM FOR HYBRID MALE STERILITY IN DROSOPHILA 92 APPENDIX C. THE GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF MALE STERILITY WITHIN DROSOPHILA MOJAVENSIS IN F1 HYBRIDS BETWEEN D. MOJAVENSIS AND D. ARIZONAE 98
Process-Based Species Action Plans: an approach to conserve contemporary evolutionary processes that sustain diversity in taxonomically complex groups

Many endemic plant species belong to taxonomically complex groups. These endemics have often arisen as a consequence of recent and rapid evolutionary divergence facilitated by processes such as hybridization, polyploidy and/or breeding system transitions. The rapid and dynamic nature of divergence in taxonomically complex groups leads to problems in the implementation of traditional species-based approaches for the conservation of the biodiversity that they contain. Firstly, the taxa of interest can be difficult to define and identify, leading to practical difficulties in implementing conservation measures. Secondly, a species-based approach often fails to capture the complexity of diversity present in the taxonomically complex group. To accommodate these challenges, we have developed a Process-Based Species Action Plan approach. This is designed to conserve the processes leading to the generation of biodiversity, rather than focusing on the preservation of individual named taxa. We illustrate the approach using a group of endemic tree species (Sorbus) on the Scottish island of Arran that have originated via a combination of multiple recent hybridization events and apomixis. The plan focuses on the optimization of habitat management to ensure the reproduction and regeneration of Sorbus in the zone in which these evolutionary processes operate, and to facilitate hybridization that will ensure the continued generation of diversity in this group. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 168, 194–203.
Aula Invertida: Rompiendo los Paradigmas Tradicionales

espanolLas TIC’s han propiciado profundos cambios en nuestra sociedad, en particular en la ultima decada, ha impactado en diversos ambitos, como el economico, politico, cultural o social. Hablar de aula invertida es hablar de innovacion y autonomia, significa un cambio en los salones de aulas, cambiar los metodos tradicionales de ensenanza enviando instrucciones en linea fuera del salon de clase a traves de soportes tecnologicos, de forma que el docente pueda destinar ese tiempo a otras actividades de participacion y colaboracion durante la clase. En ese sentido, el presente articulo reflexiona sobre el aula invertida como una forma de romper paradigmas tradicionales en el proceso de ensenanza – aprendizaje y potenciar un aprendizaje diferente, autonomo y desarrollador en docentes y estudiantes. EnglishICT has led to profound changes in our society. Particularly in the last decade, as in any other before , it has impacted various areas, including the economic, political, cultural or social one. Talking about flipped classroom is talking about innovation and autonomy. It is a change in the classrooms, it is to invert the traditional teaching methods by sending online instructions outside the classroom through technological media used outside the classroom so that the teacher can spend that time on other participation and collaboration activities during class. The key point is to understand that is not properly in ICT, but the activities carried out both students and faculty thanks to the possibilities of communication, exchange, access and processing of information offered to them. Paradigms are broken not because of the pro-fesor`s will, but because learning is conditioned by the society in which we are born and evolve as noted by Vygostky.Taken this as main ground , the present article reflects of the flipped classroom as a way to break with the traditional teaching paradigms.
Fatigue loading of sandwich shell test specimens with simulated production imperfections and in-situ NDT

A shell test bench was developed at BAM 5.3 which allows for static and fatigue testing of curved fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) structures, during which in-situ the damage state can be non-destructively inspected by thermography and strain-field measurement techniques. Sandwich shell specimens with typical wind turbine blade manufacturing defects were designed and tested. The tested imperfections show a fairly significant reduction (up to 90%) of the shell test specimens‘ lifetime, depending on the type of imperfection. Using the in-situ NDT methods incorporated in the shell test bench, the location and cycle time of the initial defects and the damage evolution was investigated.