Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Densely Semantically Aligned Person Re-Identification

We propose a densely semantically aligned person re-identification (re-ID) framework. It fundamentally addresses the body misalignment problem caused by pose/viewpoint variations, imperfect person detection, occlusion, etc. By leveraging the estimation of the dense semantics of a person image, we construct a set of densely semantically aligned part images (DSAP-images), where the same spatial positions have the same semantics across different person images. We design a two-stream network that consists of a main full image stream (MF-Stream) and a densely semantically-aligned guiding stream (DSAG-Stream). The DSAG-Stream, with the DSAP-images as input, acts as a regulator to guide the MF-Stream to learn densely semantically aligned features from the original image. In the inference, the DSAG-Stream is discarded and only the MF-Stream is needed, which makes the inference system computationally efficient and robust. To our best knowledge, we are the first to make use of fine grained semantics for addressing misalignment problems for re-ID. Our method achieves rank-1 accuracy of 78.9% (new protocol) on the CUHK03 dataset, 90.4% on the CUHK01 dataset, and 95.7% on the Market1501 dataset, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
Expander Decomposition and Pruning: Faster, Stronger, and Simpler

We study the problem of graph clustering where the goal is to partition a graph into clusters, i.e. disjoint subsets of vertices, such that each cluster is well connected internally while sparsely connected to the rest of the graph. In particular, we use a natural bicriteria notion motivated by Kannan, Vempala, and Vetta which we refer to as {\em expander decomposition}. Expander decomposition has become one of the building blocks in the design of fast graph algorithms, most notably in the nearly linear time Laplacian solver by Spielman and Teng, and it also has wide applications in practice. We design algorithm for the parametrized version of expander decomposition, where given a graph $G$ of $m$ edges and a parameter $\phi$, our algorithm finds a partition of the vertices into clusters such that each cluster induces a subgraph of conductance at least $\phi$ (i.e. a $\phi$ expander), and only a $\widetilde{O}(\phi)$ fraction of the edges in $G$ have endpoints across different clusters. Our algorithm runs in $\widetilde{O}(m/\phi)$ time, and is the first nearly linear time algorithm when $\phi$ is at least $1/\log^{O(1)} m$, which is the case in most practical settings and theoretical applications. Previous results either take $\Omega(m^{1+o(1)})$ time, or attain nearly linear time but with a weaker expansion guarantee where each output cluster is guaranteed to be contained inside some unknown $\phi$ expander. Our result achieve both nearly linear running time and the strong expander guarantee for clusters. Moreover, a main technique we develop for our result can be applied to obtain a much better \emph{expander pruning} algorithm, which is the key tool for maintaining an expander decomposition on dynamic graphs. Finally, we note that our algorithm is developed from first principles based on relatively simple and basic techniques, thus making it very likely to be practical.
Expected Window Mean-Payoff

In the window mean-payoff objective, given an infinite path, instead of considering a long run average, we consider the minimum payoff that can be ensured at every position of the path over a finite window that slides over the entire path. Chatterjee et al. studied the problem to decide if in a two-player game, Player 1 has a strategy to ensure a window mean-payoff of at least 0. In this work, we consider a function that given a path returns the supremum value of the window mean-payoff that can be ensured over the path and we show how to compute its expected value in Markov chains and Markov decision processes. We consider two variants of the function: Fixed window mean-payoff in which a fixed window length $l_{max}$ is provided; and Bounded window mean-payoff in which we compute the maximum possible value of the window mean-payoff over all possible window lengths. Further, for both variants, we consider (i) a direct version of the problem where for each path, the payoff that can be ensured from its very beginning and (ii) a non-direct version that is the prefix independent counterpart of the direct version of the problem.
A Review of Performance, Energy and Privacy of Intrusion Detection Systems for IoT

Internet of Things (IoT) forms the foundation of next generation infrastructures, enabling development of future cities that are inherently sustainable. Intrusion detection for such paradigms is a non-trivial challenge which has attracted further significance due to extraordinary growth in the volume and variety of security threats for such systems. However, due to unique characteristics of such systems i.e., battery power, bandwidth and processor overheads and network dynamics, intrusion detection for IoT is a challenge, which requires taking into account the trade-off between detection accuracy and performance overheads. In this context, we are focused at highlighting this trade-off and its significance to achieve effective intrusion detection for IoT. Specifically, this paper presents a comprehensive study of existing intrusion detection systems for IoT systems in three aspects: computational overhead, energy consumption and privacy implications. Through extensive study of existing intrusion detection approaches, we have identified open challenges to achieve effective intrusion detection for IoT infrastructures. These include resource constraints, attack complexity, experimentation rigor and unavailability of relevant security data. Further, this paper is envisaged to highlight contributions and limitations of the state-of-the-art within intrusion detection for IoT, and aid the research community to advance it by identifying significant research directions.
Driving behavior model considering driver's over-trust in driving automation system

Levels one to three of driving automation systems (DAS) become more and more sophisticated, not only the driver's driving skills will be reduced, but also the problem of over-trust will become serious. To prevent the over-trust, this paper discusses the followings: 1) the definition of over-trust in the DAS, 2) the occurrence conditions and the mechanism of over-trust in the DAS, and 3) a driving behavior model considering driver's over-trust in driving automation system.
Learning from Web Data: the Benefit of Unsupervised Object Localization

Annotating a large number of training images is very time-consuming. In this background, this paper focuses on learning from easy-to-acquire web data and utilizes the learned model for fine-grained image classification in labeled datasets. Currently, the performance gain from training with web data is incremental, like a common saying "better than nothing, but not by much". Conventionally, the community looks to correcting the noisy web labels to select informative samples. In this work, we first systematically study the built-in gap between the web and standard datasets, i.e. different data distributions between the two kinds of data. Then, in addition to using web labels, we present an unsupervised object localization method, which provides critical insights into the object density and scale in web images. Specifically, we design two constraints on web data to substantially reduce the difference of data distributions for the web and standard datasets. First, we present a method to control the scale, localization and number of objects in the detected region. Second, we propose to select the regions containing objects that are consistent with the web tag. Based on the two constraints, we are able to process web images to reduce the gap, and the processed web data is used to better assist the standard dataset to train CNNs. Experiments on several fine-grained image classification datasets confirm that our method performs favorably against the state-of-the-art methods.
Non-Orthogonal Multiplexing of Ultra-Reliable and Broadband Services in Fog-Radio Architectures

The fifth generation (5G) of cellular systems is introducing ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services alongside more conventional enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) traffic. Furthermore, the 5G cellular architecture is evolving from a base station-centric deployment to a fog-like setup that accommodates a flexible functional split between cloud and edge. In this paper, a novel solution is proposed that enables the non-orthogonal coexistence of URLLC and eMBB services by processing URLLC traffic at the edge nodes, while eMBB communications are handled centrally at a cloud processor as in a cloud-radio access network system. This solution guarantees the low-latency requirements of the URLLC service by means of edge processing, e.g., for vehicle-to-cellular use cases, as well as the high-spectral efficiency for eMBB traffic via centralized baseband processing. Both uplink and downlink are analyzed by accounting for the heterogeneous performance requirements of eMBB and URLLC traffic and by considering practical aspects, such as fading, the lack of channel state information for URLLC transmitters, rate adaptation for eMBB transmitters, finite fronthaul capacity, and different coexistence strategies, such as puncturing.
Transcriptome-based Discovery of AP2/ERF Transcription Factors Related to Terpene Trilactones Synthesis in Ginkgo biloba

Ginkgo biloba is a unique tree in China with medicinally and phylogenetically important characteristics. Terpene trilactones (TTL) is a key active pharmaceutical ingredient in Ginkgo, so the content of TTL in Ginkgo has become one of the important indices for evaluating quality of the medicinal materials. By transcriptome sequencing on samples treated by chlormequat, ultraviolet (UV) and drought, totally 59820 contigs and 37564 unigenes were obtained. Furthermore, 18234 unigenes were annotated through COG, KEGG and GO analysis. There were 78 AP2/ERF transcription factors, 23 factors of up-regulation and 66 factors of down-regulation that were related with synthetic pathway of TTL in Ginkgo. Phylogenetic tree clustering analysis indicated that there were 42 AP2s could be clustered into ERF, DREB and RVA subfamilies. EMSA analysis demonstrated that GbERF13, GbERF25 and GbERF27 could bind with regulatory elements, such as E-box, in the upstream of GbMECPs promoter. Expression analysis showed that the expression level of GbERF25 was the highest in root, and GbERF25 and GbERF27 were expressed in relatively high transcription levels in leaf and other tissues. The results of qRT-PCR indicated that CCC treatment could significantly improve expression levels of ERF25 and ERF27, and UV and drought could induce transcription levels of ERF13 and ERF25, respectively. The results implied that ERF25 and ERF27 might involve in the induction and regulation of CCC treatment on synthesis of bilobalide in G. biloba. ERF13 might participate in the regulation of bilobalide synthesis induced by UV, and EFR25 might involve in the regulation of the synthesis induced by drought. During annual cycle of expression, the transcription levels of ERF13, ERF25 and ERF27 had significantly positive correlation with diterpene level with correlation coefficient 0.975. It implied that these transcription factors mainly acted on the MEP pathway that regulated synthesis of bilobalide. The aim of the research was to indicate the mechanism of environment or cultivation measure regulating target gene of TTL metabolic pathway by AP2/ERF, and establish metabolic network of AP2/ERF regulating TTL synthesis. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********
Comparison of risk-assessment tools for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) in male shipyard workers: a cross-sectional study

Background Periodic revision of assessment tools is essential to ensure risk assessment reliability and validity. Despite the recent revision of the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) 2018, there is no evidence showing that the revision is superior to other cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) risk-assessment tools for workplace health management. We conducted a comparative analysis using the Framingham risk score (FRS) as a gold standard to identify the most relevant CVDs risk-assessment tool for workplace health management. Methods We included 4,460 shipyard workers who had undergone a workers' health examination during January–December 2016. Risk levels for CVDs were calculated based on the FRS, KOSHA 2013, KOSHA 2017, KOSHA 2018 (2 methods), National Health Screening Program health risk appraisal (NHS HRA) 2017, and NHS HRA 2018. Study participants were categorized into low-risk, moderate-risk, or high-risk groups. Sensitivity, specificity, correlation, and agreement of each risk-assessment tool were calculated compared with the FRS as a gold standard. For statistical analyses, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and the linearly weighted kappa coefficient were calculated. Results Sensitivity of the risk assessments was highest in the KOSHA 2018 (health risk appraisal [HRA]). The FRS showed correlation coefficients of 0.354 with the KOSHA 2013, 0.396 with the KOSHA 2017, 0.386 with the KOSHA 2018, 0.505 with the KOSHA 2018 (HRA), 0.288 with the NHS HRA 2017, and 0.622 with the NHS HRA 2018. Kappa values, calculated to examine the agreement in relation to the KOSHA 2013, KOSHA 2017, KOSHA 2018, KOSHA 2018 (HRA), NHS HRA 2017, and NHS HRA 2018 with the FRS, were 0.268, 0.322, 0.352, 0.136, 0.221, and 0.559, respectively. Conclusions The NHS HRA 2018 risk calculation method is a useful risk-assessment tool for CVDs, but only when appropriate classification criteria are applied. In order to enhance the risk-group identification capability of the KOSHA guideline, we propose to apply the classification criteria set in this study based on the risk group definition of the 2018 Korean Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension instead of the current classification criteria of the KOSHA 2018.
Prognostic factors of overall survival for patients with FIGO stage IIIc or IVa ovarian cancer treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery: A multicenter cohort analysis from the FRANCOGYN study group.

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors of overall survival in patients with FIGO stage IIIc or IVa ovarian cancer (OC) treated by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by interval debulking surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 483 patients with ovarian cancer were retrospectively collected, from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2016, from the FRANCOGYN database, regrouping data from 11 centers specialized in ovarian cancer treatment. Median overall survival was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to define prognostic factors of overall survival. RESULTS The median overall survival was 52 after a median follow up of 30 months. After univariate analysis, factors significantly associated with decreased overall survival were; no pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy (p = 0.002), residual disease (CC1/CC2/CC3) after surgery (p < 0.001), positive cytology after NAC (p < 0.001), omental disease after NAC (p = 0.002), no pathologic complete response (pCR) (p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with decreased overall survival were; residual disease after surgery (HR = 1.93; CI95% (1.16-3.21), p = 0.01) and positive cytology after NAC (HR = 1.59; CI95% (1.01-2.55), p = 0.05). Patients with no residual disease after surgery had a median overall survival of 64 months versus 35 months for patients with residual disease. Patients with negative cytology after NAC had a median overall survival of 71 months versus 43 months for patients with positive cytology after NAC. CONCLUSION In this first and largest French based retrospective study, complete cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer remains the main prognostic factor of overall survival.
Comparative Histological Study of the Stomach in Two Species of Iraqi Vertebrates (Magpie Pica pica L. and Small Asian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus E.)

A histological study showed the wall of the stomach in Pica pica and Herpestes javanicus consists of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. Also, the present study showed many differences in the histological structures of the stomach for each in both types. The stomach of P. pica consists of two portions: the proventiculus and gizzard, while the stomach of H. javanicus consists of three portions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions. The mucosa layer formed short gastric folds, named plicae. In the proventiculus of P. pica, sulcus is found between each two plicae, but the folds called gastric pits in the gizzard, which are full with koilin. Lamina properia in both types contained gastric glands (straight simple tubular glands) named superficial glands, as well as another gastric gland found in the submucosa layer of the proventiculus in P. pica only named deep gastric glands. The gastric gland in the stomach of H. javanicus contained: mucous neck cells and parietal cells positive to AB/PAS stains in cardiac portion, as well as chief cells in fundic portion, but pyloric portion had just mucous neck cells. Muscularis externa in both types formed two muscle layers: inner and outer layer.
Dose and formulation of azithromycin in mass drug administration studies: a systematic review protocol

Introduction Azithromycin has been given for tropical infectious diseases such as trachoma and yaws by mass drug administration (MDA). As well as controlling the infectious disease in question, MDA may have a beneficial effect in reducing mortality in young children. However, the dose, formulation, frequency and duration of azithromycin used in certain infectious diseases may vary in different studies, and these differences may have impacts on the effectiveness of azithromycin MDA. Furthermore, whether the dose, formulation, frequency and duration are associated with the effectiveness of azithromycin for reducing child mortality—if indeed this effect can be confirmed—remain unknown. In this study, we will investigate whether different strategies such as different dose, formulation, frequency and duration affect the effectiveness of azithromycin MDA on the prevalence of certain infectious diseases or child mortality. Methods and analysis A narrative systematic review will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform will be searched. No language restrictions will be applied. All randomised/quasi-controlled trials, observational studies (cross-sectional studies, cohort studies and case–control studies), case series and registered protocols will be considered. Dose, duration, frequency, rounds and formulations of azithromycin used in MDA will be collected and reviewed. The outcomes will be disease prevalence/control in children and child mortality. Data from the individual studies will not be pooled. Ethics and dissemination Formal ethical approval is not required since data will be collected from published studies. This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conference meetings. PROSPERO registration number CRD42018114902
Genomic Analysis of a New Estrogen-Degrading Bacterial Strain, Acinetobacter sp. DSSKY-A-001

In this study, we isolated a new estrogen-degrading bacterium from a soil sample collected near a pharmaceutical factory in Beijing, China. Morphological observations, physiological and biochemical analyses, and sequence analysis showed that the strain was in the genus Acinetobacter, and it was named DSSKY-A-001. The estrogen degradation rate and growth density of strain DSSKY-A-001 were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and a growth assay using a microplate reader, respectively. The estrogen degradation rate was 76% on the third day and 90% on the sixth day of culture. Three kinds of estrogen metabolism intermediates were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, and the estrogen metabolic pathway and possible estrogen-degrading enzymes were predicted. RT-PCR was used to verify whether the three putative enzymes, catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, dioxygenase, and 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, were expressed in the strain. The results of the validation were consistent with the predictions that these three enzymes were present and expressed in Acinetobacter DSSKY-A-001. To further understand the estrogen-degrading activity of the strain at the genetic level, we sequenced the genome and performed a functional gene annotation. Through this gene sequence analysis, we identified genes predicted to encode the previously detected enzymes, catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, dioxygenase, and 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, as well as six other enzymes that may be involved in estrogen degradation. Therefore, a total of nine enzymes related to estrogen degradation were found.
Kinesiology taping among other methods of edema therapy in patients treated for breast cancer

Breast cancers (BC) are a serious oncological problem in Poland and throughout the world. Patients with BC are exposed to the appearance of lymphoedema. This is excessive accumulation of high-protein fluid in the interstitial space. This leads to an increase of the upper limb circuits on the tumour side, but also pain, muscle weakness, or limited mobility in the upper limb. They are several causes of oedema in patients with BC. It may be the removal of lymph nodes during surgery, scaring of the postoperative area, fibrosis of tissues, and damage to the lymphatic and blood vessels and lymph nodes after radiotherapy. Another cause may be the involvement of lymph nodes by the primary malignant tumour, tumour metastasis, or invasion of lymphatic vessels by the tumour. There are many physiotherapeutic methods (manual lymphatic drainage, kinesis-therapy, compression therapy) of prophylaxis and treatment of oedema. A method of supporting oedema therapy is kinesiology taping (KT). KT was developed by doctor Kenzo Kase in 1963. It involves sticking tape onto the skin. The result is improved flow of blood and lymph. Good conditions can be obtained for regeneration and reduction of oedema. It has an influence on reducing pain, on the regulation of muscle and fascia tension, increased or maintained range of motion, and reduction of skin tension. The aim of this article is to present the problems related with the occurrence of lymphoedema as a consequence of BC and propose the use of KT in oedema therapy by physiotherapists, nurses, and doctors.