Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Decentralization Method for Hybrid State Estimators

Hybrid state estimation determines the states of systems monitored both by conventional SCADA measurements and PMUs. This paper proposes a decentralization method in order to improve the computational performance of hybrid state estimators with minimum loss of accuracy. The proposed method utilizes sensitivity matrix that relates measurement errors to state estimates in order to form the so-called isolated bus groups and observable subislands. Although the proposed decentralization method can be applied to any state estimator, the paper is developed using a least absolute value (LAV) estimator for demonstration purposes, which is known to be robust against bad data. The high computational burden of LAV estimator compared to the well-known weighted least squares estimator is eliminated, thanks to the proposed decentralization method.
On the Solvability of P (D) f = g for Vector Valued Functions

Let P (D) be an elliptic linear partial differential operator with constant coefficients, Ω ⊂ Rn open and E a complete locally convex space. By C∞(Ω, E) we denote the linear space of all E–valued C∞–functions. Our problem is under which conditions the equation P (D) f = g has a solution f ∈ C∞(Ω, E) for every g ∈ C∞(Ω, E). This is known to be true for any Frechet space E due to a result of Grothendieck ([5]). We shall give a necessary and sufficient condition for the case of E being the dual of a Frechet space, i.e. for E = F ′ b where F is a Frechet space.
Managing Side Effects of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy in Patients With High Grade Gliomas

Cytotoxic chemotherapy has been a mainstay of cancer treatment since the 1940s. In the recent era of emergent targeted therapies and immunotherapies, many cytotoxic chemotherapy agents including temozolomide are still one of main weapons for the treatment of high grade gliomas. However, cytotoxic chemotherapy often causes side effects. Proper management of chemotherapy-induced toxicity can have a significant impact on a patient’s quality of life and clinical outcomes. Many supportive care advances have transformed our ability to give full doses of chemotherapy, which is important for achieving their full efficacy. Prevention and treatment strategies have been developed for many chemotherapy-related toxicities. This review focused on managing gastrointestinal toxicity, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and hematologic toxicities such as thrombocytopenia during cytotoxic chemotherapy treatment in high-grade brain tumors.
A review on the use of audiovisual as media in improving listening skills among junior high school students

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of audiovisual as media to improve junior high school students in listening skill. Based on data and information that are all taken from previous studies, it revealed that the students’ average score in listening were still low. Therefore, in order to help students to improve their listening skill, audiovisual media is a media which gave good effect on students’ listening skill. This research using library research as the method that concerned on how the use of audiovisual media can improve students’ listening skill based on the previous studies and the theories of the experts. Thus, the data was collected from previous studies related to audiovisual media and paraphrased to get information about audiovisual media, this data analysis technique includes the processes of data identification from relevant literature sources, determining where the data is located, obtaining the data, evaluating the data, and incorporating the data into the research presentation. Based on the result of this research, it showed that audiovisual media had positive effect on students’ listening skill. Moreover, several studies revealed that the students gave positive attitudes towards the use of audiovisual media. In addition, audiovisual media also encouraged and motivated students during the process of teaching and learning.
The fox in the box: acoustic deterrent and simulated predator disturbance to reduce problematic bird accumulations

Abstract Context. Collisions between birds and aircraft (bird strikes) are a serious threat to aviation safety and these negative human–wildlife interactions are predicted to increase. As the wider spatial use of landscapes by birds can affect aviation safety (e.g. location of foraging and roosting sites), there is a clear need to implement effective management strategies at sites adjacent to airfields to reduce ingress of avian taxa across airfield boundaries. Aims. In the present study, we assessed the efficacy of both an acoustic deterrent (sonic net) and a visual simulated predator effigy, in the form of a fox-shaped model, to disturb and reduce bird accumulations on: (1) agricultural foraging sites; (2) an active airfield; and (3) problematic roof-top roosts. Methods. These non-lethal scare technologies were assessed separately and in combination by using a factorial design. Bird abundances, species richness and behavioural changes were considered. Key results. Although the scare technologies did not reduce bird species richness at treated sites, in most cases, a significant reduction in bird abundances was observed. Equally, the number of birds observed to forage or roost was also generally significantly reduced, as was time spent by birds within treated sites. However, the effects of treatments were not universally across species. For example, a reduction in the abundance of gulls tended to be paired with an increase in the number of corvids for foraging sites. Nevertheless, the combined application of the sonic net and fox effigy caused a considerable reduction in foraging bird numbers, whereas singular treatment types appear to work best for roof-top roosts. Data also indicate that the sonic-net technology can be used to deter night-time roosting on an active airfield. Conclusions. When taken together, treatments resulted in substantial and often significant reductions in bird abundance, foraging and roosting activity, as well as site residency time. However, treatment efficacy tended to be context and taxon specific. Implications. Sonic net and mobile simulated predator effigies represent promising experimental scare technologies. Following further testing, the integration of these technologies into bird management interventions could yield substantial risk reductions for bird strikes, as well as improved non-lethal management of problematic roosting and nesting sites.
Assessment microbial risks for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. based on the surveillance of the water supply systems in Colombia, 2014–2018

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. cause gastrointestinal diseases of zoonotic origin as well transmitted from person to person, being various reported outbreaks associated with water. The infecting (oo)cyst forms of these parasites are highly resistant to water treatments such as chlorine disinfection and fast filtration. The objective of this study was to assess the microbial risk of infection and symptomatic illness by the ingestion of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in water for human consumption in Colombia, based on the results of water quality surveillance. The detection method was according to the USEPA method 1623. Concentration data of the different points of distribution were grouped according to the pathogen and type of treatment (no treatment; chlorine treatment; chlorine treatment + coagulant). Annual microbial risks of infection and symptomatic diseases were estimated using the quantitative microbial risk assessment approach that included parasite concentrations, the dose–response model, the ingestion rates of water by children and adults, and the morbidity rate of the diseases. The mean annual microbial risk of infection for Giardia spp. was 29.8% for treated water and 50.4% for untreated water, while being 6.0% and 17.7%, respectively, for Cryptosporidium spp. Microbial risk of symptomatic illness for Giardia spp, was 8.2% for treated water and 13.9% for untreated water, while being 3.6% and 10.6%, respectively, for Cryptosporidium spp. The estimated annual microbial risks of infection exceeded the acceptable value of 10−4 (0.01%) recommended by USEPA. Results obtained in this study suggest the need to reduce the microbial risk of infection to protozoan parasites by improving the water treatment, by adopting better handling practices for livestock manure and treatment processes of human feces.
The Effect of Y Zeolites with Different Pores on Tetralin Hydrocracking for the Production of High-Value Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene Products

A series of Y zeolites with different pore properties was prepared as a support for hydrocracking catalysts for the production of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylene) from tetralin. Some important characterizations, including N2 adsorption–desorption, NH3-TPD, Py-IR, and HRTEM, were applied to obtain the properties of different catalysts. Meanwhile, the tetralin hydrocracking performances of those catalysts were investigated on a high-pressure fixed-bed microreactor. The results showed that Si/Al ratio is the core property of zeolites and that the increase in the Vmicro/Vmeso of zeolites could facilitate the formation of BTEX products by hydrocracking tetralin. The method of hydrocracking tetralin was proposed. It was also found that the hydrogenation–cracking path was controlled by aromatic saturation thermodynamics, and strong acidity aided the backward shift of equilibrium temperature.
A Design of Automatic Magnetic Properties Measurement System for Under/Postgraduate Open Experimental Project: Effective, Low Cost, and Scalable

Contribution: This research designs an experimental education project of an automatic material magnetism properties measurement system. It explores how the do-it-yourself (DIY), hands-on establishment, and hardware–software integration experiment system could be leveraged to enhance the understanding of the electromagnetism theory and nonelectrical quantity measurement application. Background: Designing and establishing a prototype of an automatic measurement system are essential, inspiring and beneficial to comprehending and consolidating the theoretical principles and simulations in electromagnetism and nonelectrical quantity measurement technology courses. Furthermore, in the vision of batch deployment and flexible group teaching, a cost-efficiency, hard/soft integration system for the electromagnetism property measurement definitely fits the aim of innovation laboratory education. Intended Outcomes: This project is intended to guide the students to finish a comprehensive research-oriented project loop for multiple skills training. It is also intended to encourage student motivation and confidence through theory investigation, hands-on group collaboration, and tunning for performance calibration. Application Design: The design of the proposed project includes the literature review, hardware selection and assembly, system integration, software programming, interface visualization, and system performance calibration. The participants are assessed with both objective exam questions and subjective open survey for training objectives to reveal their increased knowledge, interests, skill confidence, and creative thinking. Findings: The proposed project has been used in 4-year laboratory open experiments with students at different levels from freshmen undergraduates to 1st-year postgraduates. A use case and survey assessment demonstrate tremendous knowledge, skills, and confidence improvement among students in electromagnetism and measurement technology courses.
Cognition in Patients with Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Can Obstructive and Central Apneic Pauses Play a Different Role in Cognitive Impairment?

Background: There are increasing data linking sleep apnea with cognitive impairment. We aimed to clarify the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and cognition. Detailed attention was assigned to the potential role of central versus obstructive apneic pauses in cognitive impairment. Methods: Patients with suspected SDB were prospectively enrolled, and a complex sleep study was performed that included overnight polysomnography. A revised version of Addenbrooke‘s Cognitive Examination (ACE-R) was used to assess cognition, evaluating overall cognition and individual subdomains. Results: A total number of 101 participants were included in the study. In multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, obstructive apnea index ([OAI], 95% CI: 1.009–1.057, p = 0.008) was the only significant contributor to the model predicting attention deficit. The proportion of N1 stage of NREM sleep was the only significant contributor to the model predicting impaired verbal fluency (95% CI: 1.004–1.081, p = 0.029). No significant differences in sleep-related indices were observed in the remaining ACE-R subdomains. Conclusion: Except for verbal fluency and attention, we failed to find any significant association of sleep-related indices with the impairment in different cognitive subdomains. Our data suggest that impairment observed in verbal fluency is associated with a higher proportion of shallow NREM sleep, and attention deficit is associated with higher OAI. Obstructive respiratory episodes seem to play a more important role in cognitive impairment when compared to central ones.
Examining the Implementation of Conditional Financial Incentives Using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) Framework to Improve HIV Outcomes among Persons Living with HIV (PLWH) in Louisiana

Economic strengthening interventions are needed to support HIV outcomes among persons living with HIV (PLWH). The Baton Rouge Positive Pathway Study (BRPPS), a mixed method implementation science study, was conducted to assess key RE-AIM components tied to the provision of conditional financial incentives among PLWH in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Seven hundred and eighty-one (781) PLWH enrolled at four HIV clinic sites were included in the final analyses. Participants completed an initial baseline survey, viral load test, and were contacted at 6 and 12 months (±1 month) post-enrollment for follow-up labs to monitor viral load levels. Participants received up to USD140 in conditional financial incentives. The primary analyses assessed whether participation in the BRPPS was associated with an increase in the proportion of participants who were: (a) engaged in care, (b) retained in care and (c) virally suppressed at baseline to 6 and 12 months post-baseline. We constructed a longitudinal regression model where participant-level outcomes at times t0 (baseline) and t1 (6- or 12-month follow-up) were modeled as a function of time. A secondary analysis was conducted using single-level regression to examine which baseline characteristics were associated with the outcomes of interest at 12-month follow-up. Cost analyses were also conducted with three of the participating clinics. Most participants identified as Black/African American (89%). Fewer than half of participants reported that they were unemployed or made less than USD5000 annually (43%). Over time, the proportion of participants engaged in care and retained in care significantly increased (70% to 93% and 32% to 64%, p < 0.00). However, the proportion of virally suppressed participants decreased over time (59% to 34%, p < 0.00). Implementation costs across the three sites ranged from USD17,198.05 to USD396,910.00 and were associated with between 0.37 and 1.34 HIV transmissions averted at each site. Study findings provide promising evidence to suggest that conditional financial incentives could help support engagement and retention in HIV care for a high need and at risk for falling out of HIV care population.
Deep convolutional autoencoder for urban land use classification using mobile device data

Abstract Mobile phone data can provide insightful location-based information on the interactions between individuals and the urban environment, e.g. urban land-use types. Using mobile phone data, this study aims to recognize citywide land use classes in a highly accurate and timely manner, because land use classes are important for urban planning and urban management. How to extract key and discriminative features from mobile-phone-call time series is an essential problem for urban land-use classification. Considering the high dimensional characteristic of mobile-phone-call time series data, an improved land-use classification framework with deep convolutional autoencoder (DCAE) is proposed to automatically recognize land-use types in urban areas, which are geographical regions clustered based on the similarity of features in waveform and magnitude of mobile-phone-call time series. The method is validated using mobile phone data collected in Wuhan city, China. The experimental result shows that the key and discriminative features in waveform and magnitude can be extracted without human prior knowledge and these features extracted by DCAE can improve the performance to distinguish functionally similar land-use types, such as business and industrial/commercial types.
Quelques problèmes de convergence et de récurrence multiple en théorie ergodique

Cette these est consacree a l'etude de certaines questions de convergence et de recurrence multiples en theorie ergodique. Nous distinguons les systemes munis d'une transformation et ceux munis de plusieurs transformations qui commutent. Dans les premiers, le mecanisme de facteurs caracteristiques et les nilsystemes jouent un role important dans l'etude de convergence et de recurrence multiples. A l'aide de ces outils, nous etendons les resultats sur la convergence de moyennes ergodiquesmultiples ponderees de Host et Kra pour le cas lineaire au cas polynomial. En consequence, nous montrons que pour toute fonction $f$ mesurable bornee sur un systeme ergodique, la suite $(f(T^n x))$ est universellement bonne pour presque tout $x$. Quand il y a plusieurs transformations qui commutent, a l'aide de la machinerie des systemes magiques introduite recemment par Host et developpee dans cette these, nous etendons les resultats sur la convergence de moyennes ergodiques multiples sur les cubes de Host et Kra avec une transformation a plusieurs transformations qui commutent. Nous obtenons aussi un resultat de recurrence multiple quantitatif pour deux transformations qui commutent, similaire en faveur du cas d'une transformation etabli par Bergelson, Host et Kra
Constructing and Evaluating Psychometric Properties of Neuropsychological Skills Questionnaire (Teacher Form) for Preschool Children

Background and Purpose: The primary goal of preschool education is facilitating learning the basic concepts such as reading, writing, and math. Prerequisite skills such as neuropsychological ones are required for learning these concepts. This study aimed at constructing and evaluating psychometric properties of neuropsychological skills questionnaire (teacher form) for preschool children. Method : In the qualitative section, we used the thematic analysis method. The statistical population included all books, theories, and Persian and English articles related to neuropsychological skills. The sample was selected using the purposeful sampling method and
Analyzing the Effect of Social Media Sentiment on Stock Prices

As consumers increasingly use social media to find out about a company and its products, the sentiment of that social media become even more important. This study is exploratory in nature, the aim is to determine if social media sentiment influences the stock price of large global companies. Stock prices and annual revenue was measured for Dow 30 stocks at two time periods six months apart. Social Media sentiment is more difficult to measure. In this study the sentiment ratings from Social Searcher.com were used to indicate whether social media messages by the public are positive, negative or neutral. While past studies have focused on either Facebook or Twitter messages, this tool aggregates messages from eleven social media platforms globally. In conducting this study numerous limitations and recommendations for future studies became apparent. The value of this exploratory study is in the flaws exposed by conducting this study. This provides a rich template for future studies on social media sentiment and its effect on a company.
Effect of Cu surface and graphene on the conformation of n-octadecane: a molecular dynamics study

ABSTRACT In order to study the micro behavior of alkanes and their interaction with carbon nanomaterials and metal nanomaterials in composite phase change materials (CPCM), in this paper, Cu surface and amorphous n-octadecane composite system (system A) and Cu surface, as well as graphene/n-octadecane composite system (system B), were constructed. The micro behavior of alkanes on the Cu surface was studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The MD results show that the alkane molecules are arranged in a relatively orderly crystalline form on the Cu surface because of the interface interaction and make the thermal conductivity of the alkane molecules in the composite system improved. Moreover, by comparing the self-diffusion coefficient of n-octadecane in these two systems, it is found that the phase transition temperature of n-octadecane in system A is about 300 K, while the phase transition temperature of n-octadecane/graphene composite system in system B is enhanced to 320 K.
Single Cell Analysis Reveals Reciprocal Tumor-Macrophage Intercellular Communications Related with Metabolic Reprogramming in Stem-like Gastric Cancer

Metabolic alterations and direct cell–cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) affect the prognostic molecular landscape of tumors; thus, it is imperative to investigate metabolic activity at the single-cell level rather than in bulk samples to understand the high-resolution mechanistic influences of cell-type specific metabolic pathway alterations on tumor cells. To investigate tumor metabolic reprogramming and intercellular communication at the single-cell level, we analyzed eighty-four metabolic pathways, seven metabolic signatures, and tumor-stroma cell interaction using 21,084 cells comprising gastric cancer and paired normal tissue. High EMT-score cells and stem-like subtype tumors showed elevated glycosaminoglycan metabolism, which was associated with poor patient outcome. Adenocarcinoma and macrophage cells had higher reactive oxidative species levels than the normal controls; they largely constituted the highest stemness cluster. They were found to reciprocally communicate through the common ligand RPS19. Consequently, ligand-target regulated transcriptional reprogramming resulted in HS6ST2 expression in adenocarcinoma cells and SERPINE1 expression in macrophages. Gastric cancer patients with increased SERPINE1 and HS6ST2 expression had unfavorable prognoses, suggesting these as potential drug targets. Our findings indicate that malignant stem-like/EMT cancer cell state might be regulated through reciprocal cancer cell-macrophage intercellular communication and metabolic reprogramming in the heterogeneous TME of gastric cancer at the single-cell level.