Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Freshwater Turtle Community Composition in Strip Pit Lakes on Mined Lands

—Creating and managing undeveloped lands is important for the perpetuation of species and communities they comprise, particularly for turtles, which are often impacted by human disturbance and are ill-equipped to adapt to sustained anthropogenic disturbance. Reclaimed land at the site of former surface mining operations often provides a large matrix of wetland, prairie, and woodland habitat that is protected from development. Such sites support robust communities of birds and amphibians, but few investigations have assessed their suitability for aquatic reptiles. To examine their suitability for turtle communities, we surveyed strip pit lakes and naturally occurring lakes at Mined Lands Wildlife Area in southeastern Kansas, USA. Community composition was different between the two classes of wetland due to differences in the abundance of Chelydra serpentina serpentina (Eastern Snapping Turtle), Chrysemys picta bellii (Western Painted Turtle), and Sternotherus odoratus (Eastern Musk Turtle). Catch per unit effort, however, only varied significantly for C. s. serpentina, which were captured at lower rates in strip pits. All other species were at least as abundant in strip pit lakes as in natural lakes, and C. p. bellii were slightly more abundant in strip pits. Sternotherus odoratus were very abundant in a single strip pit lake. Canonical correspondence analysis associated C. s. serpentina with shallow water and high percentage of canopy cover, while C. p. bellii were associated with deep water. Sternotherus odoratus were associated with abundant submerged vegetation; however, habitat features only explained 12% of the variation in species occurrence. Strip pit lakes appear to provide suitable habitat for most of the turtle species encountered, with the notable exception of C. s. serpentina, and may even be preferred over natural oxbows by some species.
Relationships between Atomic Level Surface Structure and Stability/Activity of Platinum Surface Atoms in Aqueous Environments

The development of alternative energy systems for the clean production, storage, and conversion of energy is strongly dependent on our ability to understand, at atomic molecular levels, the functional links between the activity and stability of electrochemical interfaces. Whereas structure–activity relationships are rapidly evolving, the corresponding structure–stability relationships are still missing. This is primarily because there is no adequate experimental approach capable of monitoring the stability of well-defined single crystals in situ. Here, by utilizing the power of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) connected to a stationary probe and coupling this technique to the rotating disk electrode method, it was possible to simultaneously measure the dissolution rates of surface atoms (as low as 0.4 pg cm–2 s–1) and correlate them with the kinetic rates of electrochemical reactions in real time. Making use of this unique probe, it was possible to establish almost “atom by atom” stru.
Parathyroid Hormone-related Peptide Role of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases in the Induction of Updated Version

Tumor production of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP) is responsible for most cases of hypercalcemia of malignancy. The transplantable rat Leydig tumor H-500 is known to cause hypercalcemia in rats by the release of abundant PTHRP and to closely reproduce the human syndrome. We have demonstrated recently that Rasoncogene can stimulate PTHRP gene expression in Fr3T3 fibroblastsin vitro and cause hypercalcemia in vivo. Using rat Leydig tumor H-500 cells, we have investigated the role of effector pathways downstream of Ras in seruminduced PTHRP expression. The Ras inhibitors B-1086 and Lovastatin decreased PTHRP mRNA expression. i.p. administration of B-1086 (50– 100 mg/kg/day) into H-500 tumor-bearing male Fischer rats resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in tumor volume, serum calcium, plasma PTHRP, and tumoral PTHRP mRNA expression. Transient transfection of dominant-negative Ras (Ras N17) and Raf (Raf C4B) reduced, whereas activated Raf-1 (Raf BXB) increased, basal expression of PTHRP in H-500 cells. A similar decrease in PTHRP production was seen with a mitogenactivated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor (PD 098059), implicating the involvement of Ras/Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. In addition, stimulation with UV light, which can activate c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), or expression of an activated form of Rac (Rac V12) was sufficient to increase PTHRP mRNA. Moreover, a dominant-negative Rac (Rac N17) blocked serum-inducedPTHRP gene expression. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PTHRP is induced via both Raf-ERK and Rac-JNK mediated pathways, effects which can be blocked by chemical inhibitors and dominant-negative mutants of these pathways in vitro and in vivo. Availability of selective inhibitors of Ras signaling molecules may therefore add to our existing armamentarium to control hypercalcemia of malignancy.
Curvature of Logs—Development of and Comparison between Different Calculation Approaches

In the field of electronic roundwood measurement, 3D-laser systems are becoming more and more important for the determination of log volume and quality. Especially the outer shape of the logs is of particular importance for the yield and should therefore be described in as much detail as possible. This study focuses on the parameter curvature and compares five different approaches to quantify the sweep of logs based on high-resolution 360°-scans of 269 debarked logs of the species spruce, oak and pine. We observed strong differences between the approaches, including the two variants that are currently approved in German sawmills. Due to our findings, we suggest the introduction of a method that is based on a calculated centerline through the log instead of considering the outer log contour for future German log grading.
Predicting Habitable Exoplanets in Different Star-Systems Using Deep Learning Based Anomaly Detection Approach

Mankind has been looking up at the stars for centuries, wondering what lies in deep space, and if other civilizations like ours exist. Following this, with the significant advancement in the field of cosmology and space missions, there has been an exponential increase in the astronomical data collected by space telescopes to explore the possibility of harboring extraterrestrial life. And there is still no consensus on whether a planet is habitable, potentially habitable or inhabitable. The only habitable planet is Earth, therefore, the hypothesized exoplanets are categorized using Earth as a reference, also known as the “Earth Habitability Index” (EHI). In this regard, a number of additional metrics have been developed to categorize an exoplanet's habitability score, such as the Cobb-Douglas Habitability Score, which is a metric based on the Cobb-Douglas habitability production function (CD-HPF). Many classification-based algorithms have already been developed, but they have limitations, such as the possibility of misleading accuracy scores when applied to highly unbalanced datasets. Recently, some work has also been proposed in anomaly detection using memetic algorithms, which belong to the class of metaheuristic algorithms, but the number of feature sets used is significantly less compared to the ones impacting the habitability score of an exoplanet. In this present research, we are proposing a novel variational auto-encoder algorithm that works on a probability distribution function belonging to the class of anomaly detection and will work on a greater number of features in a significantly larger dataset. The proposed algorithm follows an unsupervised learning approach to detect anomalies in order to determine potentially habitable exoplanets. To validate the approach, the obtained results will be cross-matched with the dataset provided by the Planetary Habitability Laboratory's habitable exoplanet catalog (PHL-HEC).
Origin of Degradation in the Reversible Hydrogen Storage Capacity of V1–xTix Alloys from the Atomic Pair Distribution Function Analysis

Reduction in reversible hydrogen storage capacity with increasing hydrogenation and dehydrogenation cycle number is observed in numerous hydrogen storage materials, but the mechanism behind this unfavorable change has not been elucidated yet. In this study, we have investigated the development of structural defects or disorders in V1–xTixH2, x = 0, 0.2, and 0.5, during the first 15 hydrogen absorption and desorption cycles using the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of synchrotron X-ray total scattering data to find out the possible structural origin of the poor cyclic stability of V1–xTix alloys. While pure vanadium shows no significant change in the PDF, alloy samples subject to several hydrogenation and dehydrogenation cycles display fast decaying of the PDF profile due to a progressive increase in the PDF peak width with increasing r. This r-dependent PDF peak broadening effect becomes stronger with cycle number. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated that dislocation defects .
CARNEGIE MELLON Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ~ Adaptive Distributed System-Level Diagnosis in Real-Time Mark EdwardStahl 1992

basic RT-ADSD algorithm. 16 Petri-net showing thread and packet interaction at one node. 16 Timeline for Basic RT-ADSD, node A tests node B fault-free. 17 Timeline, node A tests node B as faulty, node C as fault-free. 18 Thread execution behavior for Event-Driven RT-ADSD. 27 Petri-net showing Task Interaction for the Event-Driven Algorithm. 28 Steady State Timeline: Node i test node i+l as fault-free. 39 Steady State Timeline: Node i-1 tests node i as faulty, node i+l as fault-free. 39 Tranisent Timeline: Node i-1 detects node i as faulty. 40 Transient Timeline: Node i-1 reestablishes the cycle with node i+l. 40 Transient Timeline: Message validation at intermediate nodes. 41 Transient Timeline: End of diagnosis latency. 41 Transient Timeline: End of fault event transient interval. Abstract This work describes the first implementation of system-level diagnosis for a real-time distributed system. An existing algorithm for system-level diagnosis, Adaptive_DSD (ADSD), is converted a real-time framework, and a real-time deadline is established for the end-to-end diagnosis latency. A systematic procedure is used to convert ADSD into periodic and aperiodic tasks, where each task has a hard deadline, allowing ADSD's real-time behavior to be analyzed by fixed priority scheduling theory. The algorithm is implemented in a real-time environment, where both the processors and the network support fixed priority scheduling. The key result of this paper is the specification of the Real-Time Adaptive Distributed System-Level Diagnosis (RT-ADSD) algorithm. In addition, the behavior of aperiodic tasks with hard deadlines and variable execution times are examined, and solutions are proposed that ensure schedulability while accounting fo:r sporadic service, critical sections, network I/O and task jitter.
Echocardiographic Assessment of Aortic Elastic Properties with Automated Border Detection in an ICU : In vivo application of the Langewouters ’ arctangent model

We studied whether combined pressure and transesophageal ultrasound monitoring is feasible in the ICU-setting for global cardiovascular hemodynamic monitoring (systemic vascular resistance, SVR, and total arterial compliance, CPPM), and direct estimation of local ascending and descending aortic mechanical properties, i.e. distensibility (DC) and compliance (CC) coefficients. Pressure-area data were fitted to the arc-tangent Langewouters model, with aortic cross-sectional area obtained via automated border detection. Data were measured in 19 subjects at baseline, during infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and after wash-out. SNP infusion lowered SVR from 1.15±0.40 to 0.80±0.32 mmHg/(ml/s) (P<0.05) while CPPM increased from 0.87±0.46 to 1.02±0.42 ml/mmHg (P<0.05). DC and CC increased from 0.0018±0.0007 to 0.0025±0.0009 1/mmHg (P<0.05) and from 0.0066±0.0028 to 0.0083±0.0026 cm/mmHg (P<0.05), respectively, at the descending but not at the ascending aorta. The Langewouters model fitted the descending aorta data reasonably well. Assessing local mechanical properties of the human ascending aorta in a clinical setting, using automated border detection remains technically challenging.
Performance of Different Bioassessment Methods From California : Side by Side Comparisons of Field , Laboratory and Analysis Procedures for Streams of the Eastern Sierra Nevada

Bioassessment programs within California, in other states, and among federal agencies have used different methods to collect and analyze stream invertebrate samples. While this has created concern and confusion over the comparability of these many disparate sources of data, few studies have attempted to evaluate differences in performance of these methods and reconcile the results produced from varied approaches. To obtain directly comparable data sets we conducted concurrent sampling at 40 sites using three bioassessment methodologies that differed at each stage, from field sample collection to laboratory processing and data analysis (California Stream Bioassessment Protocol, Region 5 US Forest Service, and UC-SNARL methods). We used a performance-based methods system to compare precision, bias, discrimination, accuracy, and correlations among multimetric and predictive model output assessment scores. Reference and test sites were first identified using local and upstream watershed disturbance criteria, and invertebrate community measures and models then developed to discriminate between these site classes. Differences in performance between methods were small, and the assessment scores were highly correlated and accurately distinguished test and reference sites. An examination of the association of impaired biological integrity with environmental stress gradients showed that the method using most replication and sample counts provided the clearest resolution of stressor effect thresholds and intermediate levels of impairment. Despite slight differences in performance and stress detection, these results demonstrate that even substantially different methods of bioassessment yield very similar, effective discrimination of impaired biological condition. This conclusion did not depend either on the data analysis approach used since both multimetric IBIs and multivariate RIVPACS predictive models were in close agreement. Furthermore, simple data conversion procedures can be used to calibrate the data from more intensive sampling protocols to a common 500 fixed-count that provides a uniform and consistent data form for analysis and biocriteria development. Existing data may thereby be integrated with future data collected using a unified standard approach.
99mTc-N-IFC: a new isoniazid derivative for Mycobacterium diagnostic

Abstract We present in this work a new technetium-99m-labeled derivative from isoniazid. The labeling was achieved with a double-ligand transfer through the use of a ferrocene derivative. A further referred to as 99mTc-N-IFC (N-Isonicotinamide ferrocene carboxamide labeled with 99mTc), targeting infections in experimental animals, has been synthesized. The N-IFC was chemically synthesized and then labeled with technetium-99m. It has been confirmed through this work that it was obtained with high radiolabelling yield (95%). Radiochemical analyses of 99mTc-N-IFC revealed that the molecule was efficiently labeled with a little free pertechnetate in the preparations containing purified compound. Only 1–2% of the tracer was leached out from the complex at 24 h when incubated in serum at 37 ºC confirmed its high stability. The radiolabeled complex was found to be 10% bound to blood protein, which corresponds to a fast retention advantage. Biodistribution study showed the renal route of excretion and has also demonstrated that our radiolabeled compound is rapidly and significantly accumulated (P<0.5) at infection sites. Thigh model of localized infection was prepared in mice by injecting of BCG (pGFM-11) (fluorexcente BCG) live bacteria in growing phase. The confirmation of the bacteria presence in infection sites has been established through its fluorescence characteristic. The comparison of the 99mTc-N-IFC accumulation at sites of BCG (pGFM-11) infected animals, which is expressed as target-to-non-target ratio, (3.14) with other radiotracers was discussed. This allowed us to consider that 99mTc-N-IFC could be a good radiotracer for mycobacterial infections. Obtained results were in good and encourage to undergo a similar labeling for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis as perspective of this work.
Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Maghemite γ-Fe2O3

Mesoporous maghemite γ-Fe2O3 was obtained by thermal decomposition of iron citrate xerogel hydrate. The influence of precursor molar concentration and calcination temperature on the material phase composition, morphology, crystalline and magnetic microstructure, surface condition and optical properties was studied. The model of mesoporous γ-Fe2O3 formation is proposed. Obtained maghemite was tested as cathode material for lithium power sources. Increase of lithium power sources specific capacity and energy with the samples specific surface area enlarging is determined. Two kinetic processes are observed during discharge processes: lithium accumulation at the cathode material/electrolyte interface and diffusion of lithium ions into the material crystal structure. The diffusion coefficients of lithium in the cathode material on the different stages of discharge process are calculated.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDISATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 CODING OF MOVING PICTURES AND AUDIO INFORMATION

The Moving Picture’s Experts Group (MPEG) has recently started work on a new standardization effort called the "Multimedia Content Description Interface," also known as MPEG-7. The goal of MPEG-7 is to enable fast and efficient searching and filtering of audio-visual material. The effort is being driven by specific requirements gleaned from a large number of applications related to image, video and audio databases, media filtering and interactive media services (radio, TV programs), scientific image libraries, and so forth.
Metrics and Strategy

The idea that an organization's people represent a key strategic resource is widely accepted. The business press is filled with examples of top executives proclaiming how important it is to engage people's minds and spirits in the quest for competitive advantage There is also mounting scientific evidence that certain "bundles" of "high-performance" work practices (e.g., performance-contingent pay, team-based work structures, selective recruitment and hiring, extensive training, etc.) are associated with higher organizational financial performance (Becker & Huselid, forthcoming; Virtually every currently-popular business model emphasizes the key role of people in organizational success. Tracey & Weirsema (1997) suggest that organizations excel by becoming excellent at one or two of three basic strategies: Operational Excellence, Product Leadership, or Customer Intimacy. They note that each approach implies different organizational and human design factors: "the product leader thrives on ad hoc and fluid structure to foster invention and allow resources to be redeployed quickly. Operationally excellent companies, on the other hand, do best with the major brain-trust at central locations where standard operating procedures get refined and decisions are made about acquiring and using capital-intensive assets. A natural organizational structure for the customer-intimate company is to move more of the decision-making responsibility out to the boundaries of the organization, closer to the customer" (p. 44) In their book, each market discipline includes elements of "culture" "organization," and "management systems" that embody human attributes such as "discipline" and "desire to win. " Kaplan & Norton (1996) have honed their "balanced scorecard" concept of Learning/Growth to note that employee learning and growth must be clearly linked and measured consistently with the organization's key strategic approach to success. They propose that a measurement system should embody a "theory of the firm," with measures serving as ongoing tests of that theory, and indicators to show when the theory or the HR Metrics and Strategy WP 97-21 Page 2 outcomes need to change. Similarly, Reichheld (1996) notes that the "Loyalty Effect" rests on creating loyal employees who engender loyalty among customers, customer retention and more rapid growth than competitors, which in turn leads to loyal shareholders, willing to provide capital for the long run. Clearly, human resources are widely recognized as fundamental to organizational strategy, and human resource strategy is seen as a key and leading determinant of organizational success, similar to capital, land, marketing, finance and operational investments. Yet, it remains rare to find organizations whose human resource investments …
Content Extraction from Webpages Using Machine Learning

The content extraction problem has been a subject of study ever since the expansion of the World Wide Web. Its goal is to separate the main content of a webpage, such as the text of a news story, from the noisy content, such as advertisements and navigation links. Most content extraction approaches operate at a block level; that is, the webpage is segmented into blocks and then each of these blocks is determined to be part of the main content or the noisy content of the webpage. In this thesis, we try to apply content extraction at a deeper level, namely to HTML elements. During the course of the thesis, we investigate the notion of main content more closely, create a dataset of webpages whose elements have been manually labeled as either part of the main content or the noisy content, and apply machine learning to this dataset in order to induce rules for separating the main content and the noisy content. Finally, these induced rules are evaluated using a different dataset of manually labeled webpages.
Extraction of Phenolic Pollutants (Phenol and p-Chlorophenol) from Industrial Wastewater

The efficiency of five new solvents as a selective solvent in the extraction of phenol and p-chlorophenol from wastewater was investigated. The phenols samples were collected from real petroleum refinery wastewater and from an experimentaly prepared aqueous phenol solution. In this work, data have been estimated for 10 systems containing, phenol + water or p-chlorophenol + water as a common component liquid and + five solvents [ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, poly(ethylene glycol) (200), dimethylsulfoxide and tetramethylene sulfolone (sulfolane)]. The consistency and accuracy of the tie-line data were evaluated using three correlation relations namely, Bachman, Hand, and Othmer, and Tobias correlation. The Plait Point for each ternary system was estimated. Among the five solvents used to extract the phenol or p-chlorophenol from wastewater, diethylene glycol (DEG) has the highest selectivity and distribution coefficient and the greatest differences between its boiling point and density and those of ph.