Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Direct measurement of glass transition temperature in exposed and buried adsorbed polymer nanolayers

We employ a fluorescence bilayer method to directly measure the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the irreversibly adsorbed layer of polystyrene (PS) buried in bulk films as a function of adsorption time, tads. This bilayer geometry allows for the examination of interfacial effects on Tg of the adsorbed nanolayer. In the presence of a free surface, we observe a substantial reduction in Tg from bulk that lessens with tads as a result of increased chain adsorption at the substrate. Submerging the adsorbed layer and effectively removing the free surface results in a suppression of the Tg deviation at early tads, suggesting chain adsorption dictates Tg at long tads. Annealing in the bilayer geometry promotes recovery of bulk Tg on a time scale reflecting the degree of adsorption. Our data are quantitatively rationalized via the free volume holes diffusion model, which explains adsorbed nanolayer Tg in terms of the diffusion of free volume pockets toward interfacial sinks.
A deep learning framework for hybrid linguistic-paralinguistic speech systems

There are two aspects to speech: the linguistic aspect and the paralinguistic aspect. Hybrid linguistic-paralinguistic speech systems that employ joint knowledge of both aspects may fundamentally contribute to better speech processing and understanding, and improve the recognition of both the linguistic and paralinguistic aspects. However, formulating such a hybrid system is a non-trivial task due to unsolved challenges in each of its constituting systems as well as challenges that arise from attempting to integrate such systems. We provide a framework to assess the feasibility of the proposed integration using transfer learning and propose a formulation to hybrid linguistic- paralinguistic speech systems using deep learning.
Immunofluorescent Mapping of Cannibinoid CB 1 and Dopamine D 2 Receptors in the Mouse Brain

1 www.licor. com INTRODUCTION G protein coupled receptors (GPCR) represent the largest protein family with over 1000 distinct members and is the therapeutic target for the majority of current pharmaceuticals(1). Alterations in GPCR expression have been associated with several disease processes. For example, decreased amounts of two GPCR’s, the cannabinoid CB1 and dopamine D2 receptors in the basal ganglia are associated with Huntington’s disease(2). The cannabinergic and dopaminergic systems exert diverse functions throughout the central nervous system. The CB1 receptor was identified first as the receptor for ∆ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol(3,4), the major psychoactive component found in marijuana(5). More recent studies indicate that CB1 receptor signaling helps tune motor coordination(6) and modulates satiety(7). The D2 receptor also regulates movement through complex circuitry in the basal ganglia(8). Additionally, dopamine signaling has been suggested as a common mediator for reinforcing and pleasurable stimuli(9). The neurodegenerative changes associated with Huntington’s disease are well characterized and are likely the result of a genetic instability causing a poly-glutamine expansion in the Huntington protein(10). The best known of these neurological changes in Huntington’s disease is a decrease in dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia(11,12). However, the first known anatomical alteration is actually a decrease in CB1 receptors in the same area(2,13,14). It is not known if this change in CB1 receptor density is causative or coincident with Huntington’s disease progression. Interestingly, in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease, environmental enrichment slows the progression of the disease(15,16) and slows the loss of CB1 receptors in the basal ganglia(17). These findings suggest that CB1 receptor expression is a sensitive marker for Huntington’s disease, which precedes cell death and loss of D2 receptors. We have employed the Odyssey ® Imaging System to determine basal expression patterns and co-localization of CB1 and D2 receptors in normal mouse brain to validate this method to monitor changes in GPCR levels.
COSBO: The MAMBO 1.2 Millimeter Imaging Survey of the COSMOS Field

The inner 20 × 20 arcmin2 of the COSMOS field was imaged at 250 GHz (1.2 mm) to an rms noise level of ~1 mJy per 11'' beam using the Max-Planck Millimeter Bolometer Array (MAMBO-2) at the IRAM 30 m telescope. We detect 15 sources at significance between 4 and 7 σ, 11 of which are also detected at 1.4 GHz with the VLA with a flux density >24 μJy (3 σ). We identify 12 more lower significance mm sources based on their association with faint radio sources. We present the multifrequency identifications of the MAMBO sources, including VLA radio flux densities, optical and near-infrared identifications, as well as the XMM-Newton X-ray detection for two of the mm sources. We compare radio and optical photometric redshifts and briefly describe the host galaxy morphologies. The colors of the identified optical counterparts suggest most of them to be high-redshift (z ~ 2-3) star-forming galaxies. At least three sources appear lensed by a foreground galaxy. We highlight some MAMBO sources that do not show obvious radio counterparts. These sources could be dusty starburst galaxies at redshifts >3.5. The 250 GHz source areal density in the COSMOS field is comparable to that seen in other deep mm fields.
Synthesis of Some New Chiral Tricyclic and Macrocyclic Pyridine Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents

A series of chiral macrocyclic pyridines has been prepared starting from N2,N2-(pyridine- 2,6-dicarbonyl)diamino acid hydrazides (2a-c) and N,N-bis-(1-carboxy-2-substituted)-2,6- diaminocarbonyl)pyridines (3a,b). The coupling of (2a-c) with 2,6-pyridine dicarbonyldichloride (4) gave the compounds (5a-c). Compounds 2a-c were coupled with 2,6-diacetylpyridine (6) to yield compounds (7a-c) and with heterocyclic aldehydes (8) or (10) to give the compounds (9a-c) or (11a-c). In addition, the hydrazides (2a-c) were reacted with diformylcalix[4]arene 12 to afford the macrocyclic calix[4]arene hydrazone derivatives (13a-c) in reasonable yields. Finally, reaction of diaminocalix-[4]arene derivatives (14a,b) with hydrazides 2a,b or acids (3a,b), using azide or mixed anhydride methods afforded macrocyclic calix[4]arene derivatives 15a,b and 16a,b, respectively. The structure assignments of the new compounds are based on chemical and spectroscopic evidence. The biological activity screening tests showed that many of the obtained compounds exhibit high antimicrobial activity comparable to ampicillin and chloramphenicol which are used as reference compounds.
Prototype Construction of the Wearable Soft Orthotic Exoskeleton for Upper Limb Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Patients

Exoskeleton is a wearable active device used to augment human power in upper or lower extremities. One of the most important application of these devices is to help the disable people to compensate the lack of functionality or rehabilitate. The main scope of this research is to design a prototype of a light, wearable robotic exoskeleton to rehabilitate the upper extremity in stroke patients at home. For this purpose mechanism of a wearable exoskeleton will be proposed compatible with upper extremity DOFs with minimum number of actuators which is constructed inexpensively. This idea proposes to provide an efficient, lightweight, and cost-effective device which was available for the patients at home to eliminate the demand of expensive and professional therapists. The conceptual design of such a system should be offered studying the actuation mechanism and degrees of freedom of the upper extremity for compatibility and safety issues of the proposed system. The novelty of this paper goes to the elbow actuator and minimize the number of actuators.
Aspm, a Key Element in Medulloblastoma Pathogenesis and a Novel Target for Treatment

Abstract : Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. We have found that Aspm, a gene required for normal brain growth in early childhood, becomes co-opted during medulloblastoma formation, to support tumor growth. We have found that Aspm supports growth by reducing stress to genomic DNA when cells divide. We have further found that targeting Aspm can reduce medulloblastoma growth.
(Recombinant DNA; shuttle vector; cytosine methylation assay; CpG dinucleotides)

Mammalian DNA cytosine-5-methyltransferase (MTase, EC 2.1.1.37) is an essential component for establishing and maintaining cell-type specific methylation patterns in the genome. The cDNA for the murine enzyme was previously cloned in segments. We have reconstructed the entire gene, encoding a protein of 1517 amino acids, from a set of overlapping cDNA clones. We report the assembly of two expression constructs in bacterial/mammalian shuttle vectors. Transcription in the first construct (pEMT) is driven by the cytomegalovirus enhancer/promoter and encodes a fusion protein with 15 additional aa at the N terminus, while the second construct (pJMT) is driven by the simian virus 40 early promoter/enhancer upstream from the natural ATG codon. Immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analysis have shown that both constructs direct the synthesis of MTase in COS-I cells. Enzyme activity in whole-cell lysates of transfected COS-I cells transfected with pEMT and pJMT are on average tenfold and fivefold higher than in controls, respectively. The specific activities of the recombinant and endogenous mouse-cell enzyme are similar. These expression constructs will be of use in studies of DNA met.hylation in mammals.
Engineering and Evaluation of Community Support in useworld.net

Design objectives, support services and a development methodology for online communities by means of the case study portal “useworld.net” are presented. The development process that was used emphasizes interdisciplinary requirements analysis and usability testing. As a result special attention was paid to community building and to developing adaptive support which we call socialware. Evaluation results of first prototypes are reported.
INCREMENTAL SEMI -SUPERVISED CLUSTERING METHOD USING NEIGHBOURHOOD ASSIGNMENT

Semi-supervised considering so as to cluster expects to enhance clustering execution client supervision as pair wise imperatives. In this paper, we contemplate the dynamic learning issue of selecting pair wise must-connect and can't interface imperatives for semi supervised clustering. We consider dynamic learning in an iterative way where in every emphasis questions are chosen in light of the current clustering arrangement and the current requirement set. We apply a general system that expands on the idea of Neighbourhood, where Neighbourhoods contain "named samples" of distinctive bunches as indicated by the pair wise imperatives. Our dynamic learning strategy extends the areas by selecting educational focuses and questioning their association with the areas. Under this system, we expand on the fantastic vulnerability based rule and present a novel methodology for figuring the instability related with every information point. We further present a determination foundation that exchanges off the measure of vulnerability of every information point with the expected number of inquiries (the expense) needed to determine this instability. This permits us to choose questions that have the most astounding data rate. We assess the proposed strategy on the benchmark information sets and the outcomes show predictable and significant upgrades over the current cutting edge.
Foam Mat Drying Characteristics of Mango Pulp

Mango is widely preferred because of its excellent flavour and nutritional quality. Mango pulp fro m Dussehri variety was foam mat d ried using 0, 3, 5, 7, and 9% egg white as foaming agent and then dried at air dry ing temperature of 65, 75 and 85 o C. Weight loss was used to estimate change in mo iture ratio with respect to time and effective diffusivity. Seven thin layer drying models were fitted to get the best fit model, which was selected on the basis of various statistical parameters. Wang and Singh model was found to be best in almost all cases. Nutrit ional status in terms of total carotenes was estimated and it was observed that there was significant effect of drying temperatures and egg white concentration. Based on above parametres it was resolved that foam mat d rying using 3% egg white at 65 o C air dry ing temperature was the best combination.
Gherbi, Karolina and May, Lauren T. and Baker, Jillian G. and Briddon, Stephen J. and Hill, Stephen J. (2015) Negative cooperativity across 1-adrenoceptor homodimers provides insights into the nature of the secondary low-affinity CGP 12177 1-adrenoceptor

At the b1-adrenoceptor, CGP 12177 potently antagonizes agonist responses at the primary highaffinity catecholamine conformation while also exerting agonist effects of its own through a secondary low-affinity conformation. A recent mutagenesis study identified transmembrane region (TM)4 of the b1-adrenoceptor as key for this low-affinity conformation.Others suggested that TM4 has a role inb1-adrenoceptor oligomerization. Here, assessment of the dissociation rate of a fluorescent analog of CGP 12177 [bordifluoropyrromethane-tetramethylrhodamine-(6)CGP12177 (BODIPY-TMR-CGP)] at the human b1-adrenoceptor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells revealed negative cooperative interactions between 2 distinct b1-adrenoceptor conformations. The dissociation rate of 3 nM BODIPYTMR-CGP was 0.09 6 0.01 min in the absence of competitor ligands, and this was enhanced 2.2and 2.1fold in the presence of 1 mM CGP 12177 and 1 mM propranolol, respectively. These effects on the BODIPYTMR-CGP dissociation rate were markedly enhanced in b1-adrenoceptor homodimers constrainedbybimolecular fluorescence complementation (9.8and9.9-fold for 1mM CGP 12177 and 1 mM propranolol, respectively) and abolished in b1-adrenoceptors containing TM4 mutations vital for the second conformation pharmacology. This study suggests that negative cooperativity across a b1-adrenoceptor homodimer may be responsible for generating the low-affinity pharmacology of the secondary b1-adrenoceptor conformation. —Gherbi, K. , May, L. T. , Baker, J. G. , Briddon, S. J., Hill, S. J. Negative cooperativity acrossb1-adrenoceptor homodimers provides insights into the nature of the secondary lowaffinity CGP 12177 b1-adrenoceptor binding conformation. FASEB J. 29, 2859–2871 (2015). www.fasebj. org
Digital genome mapping: ad-vanced binary malware analysis

Windows binary malware has come a long way. Today’s average worm is often tens or hundreds of kilobytes of code exhibiting a level of complexity that surpasses even some operating systems. This degree of complexity, coupled with the overwhelming flow of new malware, calls for improvements to tools and techniques used in analysis. Our paper elaborates on how to use graph theory to aid the analysis. Using graphs and extensions with the popular Interactive Disassembler Pro package, we hope to reduce the time needed to understand the structure of complex malware. These methods have proven to be helpful in finding similarities and differences between different malware variants and strains. Focusing on the differences by keeping off already known code allows rapid analysis and classification of malware, while reducing redundant efforts.
Isolation and Characterization of Escherichia coli from Raw Vegetables

9 Chapter 1: Introduction and Literature Review 11 1.1 Background 11 1.2 Literature Review 11 1.2.1 Escherichia coli 11 1.2.2 Biochemistry of E. coli 12 1.2. 3 Types of E. coli 13 1.2. 4 Virulence factors 17 1.2. 5 Serotyping and phylogeny 21 1.2. 6 Detection of E. coli 23 1.2. 7 Strain subtyping 24 1.2. 8 Treatment 26 1.2. 9 Vaccines 27 1.2.10 Toxin Production 27 1.2.10.1 Enterotoxin 28 1.2.10.2 Cytotoxin 29 1.2.10.3 Neurotoxin 30 1.2.10.4 Hemolysin 31 1.2.11 Antibiotic sensitivity 32 1.2.12 Vegetables as source of E. coli 33 1.2.13 E. coli from raw vegetables in Bangladesh 34 1.3 Objectives of the study 34 1.3. 1 General objective 34 1.3. 2 Specific objectives 34 Chapter 2: Materials and Methods 36 2.1 Materials 36 2.1.1 Samples 36 2.1.2 Reference Strain 37 2.1.3 Media 37 2.2 Methods 37 2.2.1 Collection of samples 37
Predicting polarization signatures for double-detonation and delayed-detonation models of Type Ia supernovae

Calculations of synthetic spectropolarimetry are one means to test multidimensional explosion models for Type Ia supernovae. In a recent paper, we demonstrated that the violent merger of a 1.1 and 0.9 M-circle dot white dwarf binary system is too asymmetric to explain the low polarization levels commonly observed in normal Type Ia supernovae. Here, we present polarization simulations for two alternative scenarios: the sub-Chandrasekhar mass double-detonation and the Chandrasekhar mass delayed-detonation model. Specifically, we study a 2D double-detonation model and a 3D delayed-detonation model, and calculate polarization spectra for multiple observer orientations in both cases. We find modest polarization levels (<1 per cent) for both explosion models. Polarization in the continuum peaks at similar to 0.1-0.3 per cent and decreases aftermaximum light, in excellent agreement with spectropolarimetric data of normal Type Ia supernovae. Higher degrees of polarization are found across individual spectral lines. In particular, the synthetic Si II lambda 6355 profiles are polarized at levels that match remarkably well the values observed in normal Type Ia supernovae, while the low degrees of polarization predicted across the O I lambda 7774 region are consistent with the non-detection of this feature in current data. We conclude that our models can reproduce many of the characteristics of both flux and polarization spectra for well-studied Type Ia supernovae, such as SN 2001el and SN 2012fr. However, the two models considered here cannot account for the unusually high level of polarization observed in extreme cases such as SN 2004dt.
Spatial Analysis of Magnetoencephalographic Activities in Relation to Subjective Preference for a Sound Field

The relationship between human brain response and subjective preference for a sound field was investigated. The source signal w as the word ”piano”, which had a 0.35-s duration. The delay time of reflection in reference to the direct sound, ∆t1, was varied. The scale value of the subjective preference of each subject was obtained by paired-comparison tests. In MEG measurements, combinations o f a reference stimulus (∆t1 = 0 ms) and test stimuli ( ∆t1 = 0, 5, 20, 60, and 100 ms) were presented 50 times alternately at a constant 1s interstimulus interval. The magnetic responses were recorded with a 122-channel whole-head neuromagnetometer and analyzed using a cross-correlation function (CCF). The results showed that the maximum amplitude of the CCF, | φ(τ)|max, between MEG between 8-13 Hz recorded at two different channels becomes larger during presentations of the preferred condition. The results indicated that the brain repeats a similar temporal rhythm over a wider area under preferred sound fields.
2nd Workshop on Grounding and Transformations for Theories With Variables

Recently, liberally domain-expansion safe HEX-programs have been presented as a generalization of strongly safe HEX-programs that enlarges the scope of effective applicability. While such programs can be finitely grounded, a concrete grounding algorithm that is practically useful remained open. In this paper, we present such an algorithm and show how to integrate it into the model-building framework for HEX-programs, which is extended for this purpose. While traditional HEX-evaluation relies on program decomposition for grounding, our new algorithm can directly ground any liberally domain-expansion safe program without decomposition. However, as splitting is still sometimes useful for performance reasons, we develop a new decomposition heuristics that aims at maximizing efficiency. An experimental evaluation confirms the practicability of our approach.
Application of Wavelet Analysis in Power Systems

Many books and papers have been written that explain WT of signals and can be read for further understanding of the basics of wavelet theory. The first recorded mention of what we now call a "wavelet" seems to be in 1909, in a thesis by A. Haar. The concept of wavelets in its present theoretical form was first proposed by J. Morlet, a Geophisicist, and the team at the Marseille Theoretical Physics Center working under A. Grossmann, a theoretical phisicist, in France. They provided a way of thinking for wavelets based on physical intuition. They also proved that with nearly any wave shape they could recover the signal exactly from its transform (Graps, 1995). In other words, the transform of a signal does not change the information content presented in the signal.
Comparing the exponentiated and generalized modified Weibull distributions

Abstract: In recent years, many modifications of the Weibull distribution have been proposed. Some of these modifications have a large number of parameters and so their real benefits over simpler modifications are questionable. Here, we use two data sets with modified unimodal (unimodal followed by increasing) hazard function for comparing the exponentiated Weibull and generalized modified Weibull distributions. We find no evidence that the generalized modified Weibull distribution can provide a better fit than the exponentiated Weibull distribution for data sets exhibiting the modified unimodal hazard function.In a related issue, we consider Carrasco et al. (2008), a widely cited paper, proposing the generalized modified Weibull distribution, and illustrating two real data applications. We point out that some of the results in both real data applications in Carrasco et al. (2008) are incorrect.
RETINAL CAROTENOIDS: RELATIONS TO CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT AND TEMPORAL VISUAL FUNCTION by LISA M. RENZI

TEMPORAL VISUAL FUNCTION by LISA M. RENZI (Under the Direction of Billy R. Hammond, Jr.) ABSTRACT Retinal carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin are found in high concentration in macula lutea of the neural retina, where they are termed macular pigment (MP). There are multiple hypotheses for MP’s function in retinal tissue, based largely on lutein and zeaxanthin’s known antioxidant and light absorption properties. The protective hypothesis, the most widely tested of these hypotheses, suggests that MP is capable of protecting vulnerable retinal tissue from actinic damage and oxidative stress over the lifespan. The two least explored hypotheses, the visual function hypothesis and the neural efficiency hypothesis, suggest that MP is capable of influencing visual function via an optical mechanism and / or via a direct influence on central nervous tissue, both inside and outside the neural retina. In the latter case, MP may be capable of serving as a biomarker of lutein and zeaxanthin embedded in the frontal and occipital cortices. The purpose of the present investigation was to provide further examination of the visual function hypothesis and to provide a first test of the neural efficiency hypothesis.