Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SAFETY FITNESS AUDITS: HOW YOU'RE RATED

The general safety fitness procedures found in Part 385, Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations are designed to determine a carrier's knowledge of and compliance with Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, and, where applicable, the Hazardous Materials Regulations. Any business operating trucks over 10,000 lbs gvw in interstate commerce is subject to the rating process. There are 3 ratings: satisfactory, conditional, and unsatisfactory. Safety ratings are based on the results of an on-site review of a carrier's operations by a Federal Highway Administration inspector. The safety review process is described, including the questionnaire with 75 questions, each assigned a different weight. A complex algorithm is then used to determine the final rating.
THE HISTORY AND THE FUTURE OF FIRE TESTS

This article presents a review of recent research about fires in tunnels, and some concerns raised by commercially driven fire tests. The deaths of 39 people in the Mount Blanc tunnel in a 1999 fire have spurred more interest in fire safety for tunnels and ways to test it. Fire testing is relatively new, with the first proper one carried out as recently as 1965. The Swedish National Testing and Research Institute is carrying out tests at lab scale, partial scale and full scale. Many elements remain unknown, including how fire spreads from vehicle to vehicle; how car fires respond to changes in ventilation and how tunnel linings can add to the severity of the heat. The author warns that thinking a structure is fireproof is dangerous, as shown by the deaths of 155 people in November 2000 when a "fireproof" train burned in the Austrian Alps.
Tourism Information System as a Promotion Container of Tourism Business in North Sulawesi Province

The growth of North Sulawesi Pariwista reached the highest growth rate in the last four years, and was awarded The Rising Destination Of The Year 2019 from the ministry of tourism. The community as business actors is expected to improve the welfare of the tourism sector. One of the ways to improve the welfare of the tourism business can be done by promoting through digital platforms, considering that now is the era of industry 4.0. This study aims to design a tourism information system as a promotional platform for tourism businesses in North Sulawesi Province The design of a tourism information system as a promotional platform for business actors in North Sulawesi province is carried out using the enterprise architecture planning method The result of this research is the design of a tourism information system as a promotion containers of tourism business in north sulawesi province, built with due observance to the needs of tourism businesses that require promotional facilities via the internet so that they can be accessed by tourists and are expected to increase the income of tourism business actors in North Sulawesi Province.
SCHOOL CLIMATE EVALUATION: DESIGNING AND VALIDATING MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS

Abstract This study aims to present the process of designing, testing and validating measurement instruments to measure the school climate from the perspective of students from the 7th grade of primary education onwards, as well as their teachers and managers. We reviewed the national and international literature on the subject, built the concept, the reference framework formed by eight interrelated dimensions and the measurement instruments. Based on a sample of 11,516 respondents, we carried out the statistical and qualitative analyzes concerning the validation process: evidence content and construct validity. The dimensions and their respective items indicated good componential load and good reliability indices, which validates the measurement instruments.
Expanding the Chemical Repertoire of DNA Nanomaterials Generated by Rolling Circle Amplification

Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a powerful tool for the construction of DNA nanomaterials such as hydrogels, high-performance scaffolds and DNA nanoflowers (DNFs), hybrid materials formed of DNA and magnesium pyrophosphate. Such DNA nanomaterials have great potential in therapeutics, imaging, protein immobilisation, and drug delivery, yet limited chemistry is available to expand their functionality. Here, we present an orthogonal strategy to produce densely modified RCA products and DNFs. We show that it is possible to selectively functionalise the DNA component of these materials, their protein cargo, or both, thereby greatly expanding the chemical repertoire available to these systems. We then use this methodology to construct DNFs bearing multiple surface aptamers capable of binding to cancer cells that overexpress the HER2 oncobiomarker, demonstrating the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of this chemistry.
Internet Environments for Science Education

Contents: D. Kirkpatrick, Foreword. M.C. Linn, E.A. Davis, P. Bell, Introduction. Part I: Starting Points. M.C. Linn, E.A. Davis, P. Bell, Inquiry and Technology. M.C. Linn, B-S. Eylon, E.A. Davis, The Knowledge Integration Perspective on Learning. M.C. Linn, E.A. Davis, B-S. Eylon, The Scaffolded Knowledge Integration Framework for Instruction. P. Bell, C.M. Hoadley, M.C. Linn, Designed-Based Research in Education. Part II: Curriculum Design Patterns for Knowledge Integration. E.A. Davis, Creating Critique Projects. P. Bell, Promoting Students' Argument Construction and Collaborative Debate in the Science Classroom. C.M. Hoadley, Fostering Productive Collaboration Offline and Online: Learning From Each Other. D. Clark, Hands-on Investigation in Internet Environments: Teaching Thermal Equilibrium. Part III: New Partnerships. J.D. Slotta, The Web-Based Inquiry Science Environment (WISE): Scaffolding Knowledge Integration in the Science Classroom. P. Bell, The Educational Opportunities of Contemporary Controversies in Science. E. Baumgartner, Synergy Research and Knowledge Integration: Customizing Activities Around Stream Ecology. L. Shear, P. Bell, M.C. Linn, Partnership Models: The Case of the Deformed Frogs. Part IV: Next Steps. M.C. Linn, P. Bell, E.A. Davis, Specific Design Principles: Elaborating the Scaffolded Knowledge Integration Framework. M.C. Linn, E.A. Davis, P. Bell, B-S. Eylon, Closing Thoughts: Internet Environments for Science Education.
Duration and Bandwidth Limiting: Prolate Functions, Sampling, and Applications

Preface. - Chapter 1: The Bell Labs Theory. - Chapter 2: Numerical Aspects of Time- and Bandlimiting. - Chapter 3: Thomson's Multitaper Method and Applications to Channel Modeling. - Chapter 4: Time- and Bandlimiting of Multiband Signals. - Chapter 5: Sampling of Bandlimited and Multiband Signals. - Chapter 6: Time-localized Sampling Approximations. - Appendix: Notation and Mathematical Prerequisites. - References. - Index.
Modelling and Test Setup for Sandwich Radomes

Sandwich radomes are structures providing communication- and radar antennas with protection from the environment. The sandwich materials are designed to affect the electromagnetic radiation as little as possible with respect to transmission- and reflection loss, boresight error, boresight error slope, increased sidelobe levels and depolarization. In order to match the frequency response of the radome material to the specifications, simulation and optimization of the thickness and dielectric properties of the individual sandwich layers is done. To simulate the transmission- and reflection coefficients for sandwich materials a Matlab scripts has been developed. The script calculate the response for up to 10 different layers for incidence angles and frequencies defined by the user. Verification of the results has been done by comparing the simulated data to results in Kozakoff (2010) and show that the script works correctly. Waveguide measurement and calibration components have been designed and manufactured in order to measure samples of dielectric materials and samples of complete radome sandwich materials. The results have been compared to results from simulations done in CST Microwave Studio and show a good match for complete sandwich materials and thicker dielectrics. However the measurement results for thin material samples show more deviation compared to the simulation results. The deviation seems to be dependent on the thickness of the sample. Two optimization routines have been developed in Matlab. The first compare the measured results from measurements to the simulated results from Matlab. Least square optimization is used to adjust the dielectric properties (relative permittivity and dielectric loss tangent) used by the simulation script in order to match the simulation values to the measured values. The results show good match of the optimized relative permittivity for a 22 mm thick sample of Teflon with the optimized value deviating 1.3% from the specified permittivity value. With decreasing thickness of the test samples the deviation increased to approximately 3-12%. The optimized loss tangent values however show very large deviation from the specified values and should be treated as invalid. The main reasons are believed to be the low loss of the materials combined with the thickness relative to the measurement wavelength. The second optimization routine adjust the thickness of the individual layers to achieve minimum loss for one- or more predefined frequency bands. The results show that the optimization work as intended. To investigate the effect of production errors/production tolerances the core thickness of an A-sandwich has been adjusted with +/-10% from the optimized thickness. The result show that the thickness deviation has a bigger impact on high frequencies.
Methodologies for motorcyclist injury prediction by means of computer simulation

Methods for predicting motorcyclist injuries by means of computer simulation have evolved since the 1970s and are critically reviewed in the context of International Standard ISO 13232. The latter was approved in 1996 in order to establish minimum scientific requirements for motorcyclist protective device research, including calibration of simulations against laboratory and full-scale test data. Data from an example ISO-compliant simulation are presented which indicate substantial agreement between the distribution of predicted and real injuries in n=501 accidents in Los Angeles and Hannover. Other data indicate that multi-body and finite element models can produce similar buckling responses when they incorporate similar levels of detail. Key emerging technologies and issues are identified. For the covering abstract see ITRD E141807.
An SDN-Enabled Architecture for IT/OT Converged Networks: A Proposal and Qualitative Analysis under DDoS Attacks

Real-time business practices require huge amounts of data directly from the production assets. This new thirst for accurate and timely data has forced the convergence of the traditionally business-focused information technology (IT) environment with the production-focused operational technology (OT). Recently, software-defined network (SDN) methodologies have benefitted OT networks with enhanced situational awareness, centralized configuration, deny-by-default forwarding rules, and increased performance. What makes SDNs so innovative is the separation between the control plane and the data plane, centralizing the command in the controllers. However, due to their young age, the use of SDNs in the industry context has not yet matured comprehensive SDN-based architectures for IT/OT networks, which are also resistant to security attacks such as denial-of-service ones, which may occur in SDN-based industrial IoT (IIoT) networks. One main motivation is that the lack of comprehensive SDN-based architectures for IT/OT networks making it difficult to effectively simulate, analyze, and identify proper detection and mitigation strategies for DoS attacks in IT/OT networks. No consolidated security solutions are available that provide DoS detection and mitigation strategies in IT/OT networks. Along this direction, this paper’s contributions are twofold. On the one hand, this paper proposes a convergent IT/OT SDN-based architecture applied in a real implementation of an IT/OT support infrastructure called SIRDAM4.0 within the context of the SBDIOI40 project. On the other hand, this paper proposes a qualitative analysis on how this architecture works under DoS attacks, focusing on what the specific problems and vulnerabilities are. In particular, we simulated several distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack scenarios within the context of the proposed architecture to show the minimum effort needed by the attacker to hack the network, and our obtained experimental results show how it is possible to compromise the network, thus considerably worsening the performance and, in general, the functioning of the network. Finally, we conclude our analysis with a brief description on the importance of employing machine learning approaches for attack detection and for mitigation techniques.
A GEODEMOGRAPHIC MODEL FOR BUS SERVICE PLANNING AND MARKETING

A trip prediction model is developed that uses a combination of geographic, demographic, and transit service data to estimate bus ridership in northern New Jersey. When this model is combined with interactive computer graphics hardware, it becomes a powerful analytical tool for transit planning and marketing. First, a description is provided of the data bases used in the model and how they were integrated into a common file. Second, the model is described and its development is discussed. Finally, the model is used to predict potential ridership for a sample bus route in Newark, New Jersey. Potential ridership is predicted from both current demographic and service patterns, and from possible future patterns.
EFFECTIVE HYDRAULIC ROUGHNESS FOR CHANNELS HAVING BED ROUGHNESS DIFFERENT FROM BANK ROUGHNESS: A STATE OF THE ART REPORT

The report summarizes two numerical studies, one laboratory experimental study, and one analytical study of flow resistance in rectangular channels having one type or degree of boundary roughness on the bed and a second type or degree of roughness on the sidewalls. The numerical study showed that usual procedures for estimating resistance coefficients for channels of this type are not adequate. The laboratory study indicated that the relations between the effective Manning's n, the sidewall Manning's n, the bed Manning's n, and the channel geometry could be established empirically by extensive laboratory testing. The analytical study proved that laboratory studies using a smooth surface for one of its boundaries had little application to design problems. It also showed that the best solution to the problem probably would result by use of hydraulic roughness values to describe the boundary surfaces. The study showed that relatively large errors in estimating the hydraulic roughness effect only minor errors in capacity design. (Author)
IMPROVED METHOD OF GROUPING PROVINCEWIDE PERMANENT TRAFFIC COUNTERS

An improved method of grouping provincewide permanent traffic counters on the basis of their seasonal variation in traffic flows is proposed. The method uses two standard procedures: (a) hierarchical grouping, which is one of a variety of clustering techniques, and (b) Scheffe's S-method of multiple group comparisons. The proposed method has several advantages over existing grouping methods, which are largely subjective and manual in nature. The new method is simple, objective, computer-oriented, and statistically credible. In addition, application of the method to Alberta's traffic-counter data indicates that the method is rational for such considerations as trip purpose and trip-length distribution. It is believed that this technique can lead highway agencies to a better understanding of the functional classification of their road systems and help them to develop improved seasonal expansion procedures for estimating average annual daily traffic from sample traffic counts. Finally, the new method has implications for a standard functional classification of roads on a provincial and natioal basis. It is hoped that such a classification can lead to an overall consistency in the planning and design of roads for both safety and economy purposes. (Author)
Wetlands of North Africa During the Mid‐Holocene Were at Least Five Times the Area Today

The Sahara was significantly wetter and greener than today during the mid‐Holocene (∼6,000 years before present), and those conditions were likely maintained by feedbacks from evaporating wetlands and riparian zones. A lack of spatially continuous wetland reconstruction is the major obstacle to investigating their impacts on climate and vegetation during that epoch. Here, we estimate high‐resolution gridded wetland distribution up to 15″ in the mid‐Holocene North Africa obtained with three statistical and hydrological modeling approaches forced by enhanced and calibrated precipitation from climate models. These wetland models have good performance for present‐day conditions and reproduce mid‐Holocene hydrological elements evaluated by 297 paleo‐records. Simulation results show that 18.9 ± 4.0% of land surface in North Africa was covered by wetlands during the mid‐Holocene. Our results highlight the impact of natural climate change on wetland areas and provide a data set for modeling studies to include wetland feedbacks.
Mood-Based on-Line Learning System

Many millennial learners are associated with massive open on-line courses for learning. This online learning to be more interactive and to substitute the teacher observation, it requires the augmentation of those humanly traits, to keep the learner active. This paper proposes such a sub-system to the online learning environments which performs necessary activities to bring the learner into pace of the course. From the reactions of learner while learning from the continuous capturing of face images, this system can analyze the emotions and initiate the necessary actions to continue the learning. The Emotional Back Propagation Neural Networks with successful PCA were used for training and Genetic Algorithm is used for optimizing the results. The system can automatically identify the facial expressions and initiates the counter actions to keep the learning successful.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNOLOGY FROM ABROAD

This synthesis report will be of interest to pavement design, materials and testing, traffic, and research engineers and transportation planners. It will also be of interest to chief administrative officers and chief engineers of transportation agencies. This report describes the current implementation by transportation agencies in the United States of technologies that were developed abroad. This report presents several case studies, including mechanically stabilized embankment technology, asphalt pavement materials and testing equipment, a tunneling method, moveable barriers, an accelerated loading facility, and a bicycle and pedestrian planning process. This report of the Transportation Research Board provides information on the formal and informal processes that have been made by U.S. agencies to employ technologies and methodologies from abroad, including descriptions of both successes and failures and the reasons for implementation of the technology. The technologies that are described originated in France, Germany, Austria, Finland, and Australia.
Factors associated with speeding, drink-driving, driving while fatigued and seat belt use in a sample of metropolitan Sydney drivers

Road trauma is recognized as a serious problem both in Australia and internationally, particularly for younger drivers. Risky driving has been identified as an important contributor to road crashes, although it may be debated whether all risky behaviours are sufficiently similar to be explained by similar factors. The present study examined a range of demographic factors, personality factors, attitudes and beliefs (based in part on the Health Belief Model) in the prediction of speeding, drink-driving, driving while fatigued, and not wearing seat belts, for young drivers. Results illustrated that different risky driving behaviours were predicted by different factors. Speeding was predicted by gender, sensation seeking, driver anger, road-unrelated illusory invulnerability, general perceived susceptibility, and specific perceived susceptibility. Drink-driving was predicted by peer influence. Driving while fatigued was predicted by specific perceived susceptibility, as well as the perceived costs and perceived benefits associated with not driving while fatigued. Not wearing a seat belt was predicted by general perceived susceptibility. Overall, results suggest that future research should focus on a multi-factor framework for specific risky driving behaviours. Results may guide future young driver road safety messages and countermeasures for individual risky driving behaviours. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E215375.
Precast Concrete Sandwich Panel As A Building System

Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels (PCSP) that act as load bearing elements are structurally and thermally efficient building elements with potential for use as an I Industrialised Building System (IBS). The study aims to investigate all issues related to structural performance of PCSP. The strength characteristics of PCSP under imposed loads with both wythes being structural wythes were established and the condition for achieving composite behaviour was examined. Although it is possible to use any conventional flooring system with the use of PCSP as walling elements, the structural behaviour of PCSP under lateral load was also studied so that PCSP can be adopted as flooring elements. This helps to reduce the number of different types of elements necessary in a building. A study on typical connections between PCSP elements was alsd undertaken. Under axial and eccentric loads, an experimental program consisting of twelve specimens with different heights was carried out. The theoretical investigation consists of two theoretical formulations namely, classical expressions and Finite Element Method (FEM). Comparison between non-linear FEM proposed models and experimental data was made in order to validate the models.
Domain Knowledge Powered Two-Stream Deep Network for Few-Shot SAR Vehicle Recognition

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition faces the challenge that there are very little labeled data. Although few-shot learning methods are developed to extract more information from a small amount of labeled data to avoid overfitting problems, recent few-shot or limited-data SAR target recognition algorithms overlook the unique SAR imaging mechanism. Domain knowledge-powered two-stream deep network (DKTS-N) is proposed in this study, which incorporates SAR domain knowledge related to the azimuth angle, the amplitude, and the phase data of vehicles, making it a pioneering work in few-shot SAR vehicle recognition. The two-stream deep network, extracting the features of the entire image and image patches, is proposed for more effective use of the SAR domain knowledge. To measure the structural information distance between the global and local features of vehicles, the deep Earth mover’s distance is improved to cope with the features from a two-stream deep network. Considering the sensitivity of the azimuth angle in SAR vehicle recognition, the nearest neighbor classifier replaces the structured fully connected layer for $K$ -shot classification. All experiments are conducted under the configuration that the SARSIM and the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) dataset work as a source and target task, respectively. Our proposed DKTS-N achieved 49.26% and 96.15% under ten-way one-shot and ten-way 25-shot, whose labeled samples are randomly selected from the training set. In standard operating condition (SOC) as well as three extended operating conditions (EOCs), DKTS-N demonstrated overwhelming advantages in accuracy and time consumption compared with other few-shot learning methods in $K$ -shot recognition tasks.