Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GENETIC DIVERSITY, POPULATION STRUCTURE AND ASSOCIATION MAPPING OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN SOME EGYPTIAN BREAD WHEAT LANDRACES UNDER HEAT STRESS

Genetic diversity and association mapping were performed on 70 bread wheat landraces from Upper Egypt which adapted to heat stress using SSR, ISSR and AFLP markers. Thirteen agronomic traits were evaluated over three growing seasons at two locations (New Valley and Luxor) to identify superior wheat lines under heat stress conditions. This collection showed a polymorphism percentage of 79, 75 and 79 for SSR, ISSR and AFLP markers, respectively and PIC was 0.213, 0.187 and 0.189 for SSR, ISSR and AFLP markers, respectively. UPGMA clustering analysis classified the 70 wheat lines into two subpopulations that was further confirmed by population structure that gave subpopulations k=2. The association of genetic markers studied with thirteen agronomic traits was analyzed using a general linear model where population structure was used to avoid spurious marker-trait associations (MTAs). A total of 57 and 60 significant (P < 0.001) MTAs were obtained for ten traits in New Valley and Luxor, respectively under heat stress. Spike length (SL) had a maximum (35) of significant MTAs distributed over 23 loci, followed by 27 MTAs for days of heading (DH) and 14 MTAs for number of kernel/spike (NKSp) at both locations. While, Chlorophyll B associated with one marker on chromosome 4A. SSR locus (Xgwm369) on chromosome 3A was pleiotropic with (DH), days of maturity (DM), grain weight/plot (GWP), (SL) and plant height (PH) and common at both locations which are potentially important targets for selection. Five MTAs on chromosomes 3A, 5D, 6A and 6B were co-located at both locations for DH, which seem important for heat stress environments. While, ten significant MTAs associated with maturity were detected in chromosomes 2B, 3A, 3B, 4B,5B,5Dand 6B at both locations. Results indicated that MTAs detected are linked with genes controlling important heat stress-tolerance traits. The detected MTAs can be targeted for future utilization in wheat genetic improvement through integrative strategies and marker assisted selection for existing germplasm.
Paper No 7.3: Solution‐Processed Oxide Semiconductors for High‐Mobility Thin‐Film Transistors

We studied the fabrication and performance of solution‐processed oxide thin‐film transistors. Various amorphous and polycrystalline semiconductors were studied, among them are zinc tin oxide, tin oxide, and indium oxide. Mobilities over 20 cm2/Vs are achieved. The use of solution process high‐k dielectrics such as aluminum oxide or hafnium oxide allow the TFTs to be used as low power‐consuming and stable devices for display applications.
Methane Partitioning and Transport in Hydrated Carbon Nanotubes

The well defined shape and size of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) makes them attractive candidates for theoretical and experimental studies of various nanoscopic phenomena such as protection and confinement of molecular species as well as transport of molecules through their interior pores. Here we investigate solute partitioning and transport using molecular dynamics simulations of CNTs in mixtures of hydrophobic solutes and water. The hydrophobic pores of CNTs provide a favorable environment for partitioning of hydrophobic solutes. We find that the transfer of a methane molecule from aqueous solution into the CNT interior is favored by about 16 kJ/mol of free energy. In 50 molecular dynamics simulations, we observe that methane molecules replace water molecules initially inside the nanotubes, and completely fill their interior channels over a nanosecond time scale. Once filled with methane molecules, the nanotubes are able to transport methane from one end to the other through successive methane uptake and rel.
SEPARATION AND ESTIMATION OF PROCESS RELATED IMPURITIES AND DEGRADATION PRODUCTS OF LEVETIRACETAM IN SOLID PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION USING ION-PAIR CHROMATOGRAPHY

A stability-indicating ion-pair chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of impurities and forced degradation products of levetiracetam in tablet formulation. The chromatographic separation was achieved on ACE C8 (150 mm × 4.6 mm I.D., 5 µm) column at 25°C with UV detection at 200 nm using an isocratic mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. Mobile phase contains a mixture of buffer (50 mM sodium di-hydrogen orthophosphate and 1.25 mM sodium 1-octanesulfonate monohydrate, pH adjusted to 2.6 with orthophosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 95:5 (v/v), respectively. The drug product was exposed to the stress conditions of oxidative, hydrolysis (acid and base), hydrolytic, thermal, and photolytic degradation. Significant degradation was observed during acid, base hydrolysis, and oxidative stress conditions. The degradation products were well-resolved from the main peak and its impurities; and the peak purity for the levetiracetam peak was passed in all stress samples. The mass balance was found to be in the range of 98.1–101.7% in all the stressed conditions, thus proving the stability-indicating power of the method. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines with respect to specificity, linearity, limit of detection and quantification, accuracy, precision, and robustness.
Geometrically thin accretion disk around Maclaurin spheroids

We investigated a semi-analytic and numerical model to study the geometrically thin and optically thick accretion disk around Maclaurin spheroid (MS). The main interest is in the inner region of the so called α-disk, α being the viscosity parameter. Analytical calculations are done assuming radiation pressure and gas pressure dominated for close to Eddington mass accretion rate and Ṁ . 0. 1ṀEdd respectively. We found that the change in eccentricity of MS gives a change at high frequency region in the emitted spectra. We found that disk parameters are dependent on eccentricity of MS. Our semi-analytic results show that qualitatively an increase in eccentricity of MS has same behavior as decrease in mass accretion rate. Numerical work has been carried out to see the viscous time evolution of the accretion disk around MS. In numerical model we showed that if the eccentricity of the object is high the matter will diffuse slowly during its viscous evolution. This gives a clue that how spin-up or spin-down can change the time evolution of the accretion disk using a simple Newtonian approach. The change in spectra can be used to determine the eccentricity of MS and thus period of the MS.
Development of a hybrid multi-scale simulation approach for spray processes

This paper presents a multi-scale approach coupling a Eulerian interface-tracking method and a Lagrangian particle-tracking method to simulate liquid atomisation processes. This method aims to represent the complete spray atomisation process including the primary break-up process and the secondary break-up process, paving the way for high-fidelity simulations of spray atomisation in the dense spray zone and spray combustion in the dilute spray zone. The Eulerian method is based on the coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid method for interface tracking, which can accurately simulate the primary break-up process. For the coupling approach, the Eulerian method describes only large droplet and ligament structures, while small-scale droplet structures are removed from the resolved Eulerian description and transformed into Lagrangian point-source spherical droplets. The Lagrangian method is thus used to track smaller droplets. In this study, two-dimensional simulations of liquid jet atomisation are performed. We analysed Lagrangian droplet formation and motion using the multi-scale approach. The results indicate that the coupling method successfully achieves multi-scale simulations and accurately models droplet motion after the Eulerian–Lagrangian transition. Finally, the reverse Lagrangian–Eulerian transition is also considered to cope with interactions between Eulerian droplets and Lagrangian droplets.
Fabrication and characterization of flexible silk fibroin films reinforced with graphene oxide for biomedical applications

Nanocomposite films based on silk fibroin (SF) and graphene oxide (GO) were fabricated by simply casting the two components in aqueous media. The structure and properties of the films were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile tests. The investigations demonstrated that the presence of GO in the SF matrix increased the silk II content in the composite films by the intermolecular forces between GO and SF molecular chains. These newly formed interactions also contributed to the improvement of the film's mechanical properties and thermal stability. Further, the biodegradation behavior and biocompatibility were investigated to evaluate the biological performance of the SF/GO films. Compared with the SF film, the films prepared by incorporating GO showed a lower enzymatic degradation rate, reflecting their improved resistance to the applied enzyme solution. The cell viability and proliferation results in vitro indicated that the composite films, especially the SF/GO film with 0.5 wt% GO, could support cell adhesion and proliferation. This study has developed a novel, flexible and biocompatible SF/GO composite film by a green and feasible method, which should encourage the development of a series of SF/GO-based materials for biomedical applications.
Photochemical and electrochemical studies on lanthanide complexes of 6-(hydroxymethyl) pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde[2-methyl-pyrimidine-4,6-diyl]bis-hydrazone

Herein we report the synthesis of the 6-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine-2- carboxaldehyde[2-methyl-pyrimidine- 4,6-diyl]bis-hydrazone by a condensation reaction between 6-(hydroxymethyl) picolinaldehyde with 4,6-(bis-hydrazino)-2- methylpyrimidine. This bis-hydrazone can be visualized as a two-arm system which exhibits photochemical induced [E,E]/[E,Z]/[Z,Z’] isomerizations and double coordination to metal centers. Configurational changes, upon UV light irradiation, were followed over time by 1 H NMR, establishing that isomerization, in both arms, is a consecutive reaction that follows first-order kinetics (k1 = 4.06 x 10-4 s-1 and k2 = 2.80 x 10-4 s-1). Furthermore, the synthesis of bis-hydrazone metal complexes with La (III) and Sm (III) ions was achieved; subsequently, the absorption and emission properties of these complexes were studied, determining the fluorescence quantum yields, 𝟇La= 0.2024 and 𝟇Sm= 0.1413. Electrochemical studies of the complexes were conducted by square wave voltammetry, demonstrating that the bis-hydrazone and its complexes are electroactive species between +1.5 and -2.5 V.
Consumers today have a broad, and growing, range of choices when it comes to paying bills, paying for purchases, and managing

Using data from the Surveys of Consumers, this paper examines the portfolio of payment choices that different groups of consumers use and identifies the socio-economic, demographic, and attitudinal characteristics of groups of consumers that fall within those choice sets. We find that younger, married, more highly educated, higher income, higher asset households were more likely to adopt a broad range of the electronic payment choices. We also find that consumers’ attitudes and perceptions of e-banking, in terms of security and privacy, convenience, and familiarity and ease of use were significant correlates of payment choices.
Thermal Characterization of Chitosan‐Grafted Membranes to be Used as Wound Dressings

Six different membranes previously prepared by the authors by graft copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and 2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) onto chitosan were characterized. The graft copolymerization of the vinyl monomers onto chitosan was confirmed by FTIR and DMTA. The chitosan used was also characterized by DMTA, which allowed addressing some questions related to the typical thermal transitions of this biopolymer. The swelling capacity of the membranes was also determined. The chitosan‐graft‐AA‐graft‐HEMA with an equimolar ratio of HEMA and AA kept good swelling capacity without compromising its physical stability, which suggests it to be the best matrix for drug delivery systems.
Simulation and Experimental Gait Cycle of Two Types of Degree of Freedom Bipedal Robot

Another type of legged robots is a bipedal walking robot or humanoid robot, which can be designed to implement various functions as necessary and mimic like a human. Often, balance while moving and when the first leg in the swing process and the second leg on the ground is difficult than most other kinds of robots. Two bipedal robot prototypes are designed with 10 degrees of freedom and 17 degrees of freedom to fulfill a gait cycle. The robot's locomotion can also be controlled via two types of microcontrollers, Arduino microcontroller and LOBOT LSC-32 driver. So, the KHR-2HV simulation model by Webots is used to simulate the experimental results of the bipedal robots. The results showed that the cubic polynomial foot trajectory for 10 degrees of freedom and 17 degrees of freedom bipedal robots are (y = 4 × 10z − 0.0433z + 0.4329z + 0.7619 with regression 0.9276) and (y = −0.000074z − 0.13z + 0.671z + 1.1326 with regression 0.939) respectively. After several methods for programming, the bipedal robot by LOBOT LSC-32 driver model is the better than Arduino with PCA 96685 driver-16 channel servo driver. Experimental results carried out during the KHR-2HV simulation model by Webots program. This model gives a better estimation and a fast response to confirm the stability of the10 degrees of freedom and 17 degrees of freedom bipedal robots.
ABC Triblock Copolymers/Epoxy−Diamine Blends. 1. Keys To Achieve Nanostructured Thermosets

Epoxy thermoset blended with polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) triblock copolymers have been investigated before and after the epoxy−amine reaction, coupling different techniques: dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Before reaction, the three blocks self-organize on a nanometer scale, in PS spheres surrounded by PB nodules while the PMMA blocks are solubilized with the epoxy precursors, forming a swollen corona. Using MCDEA as hardener, the domain sizes were found not to be affected throughout the network formation. The final structure is composed of undiluted PS and PB blocks forming a “spheres on spheres” morphology, most of the PMMA chain remaining embedded in the epoxy network. A partial deswelling of the PMMA brush does occur during the epoxy−amine reaction, resulting in a pure PMMA phase. This phase, evidenced by DMTA, is most likely located at the vicinity of the interface with the.
Enhanced Hole Mobility in Poly‐(2‐methoxy‐5‐(2′‐ethylhexoxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene) by Elimination of Nanometer‐Sized Domains

The application of an electric field (E-cast) during solvent vaporization is shown to inhibit the formation of ordered domains in thin films of a poly(phenytenevinylene) derivative, resulting in a homogeneous environment favorable for charge transfer. An order-of-magnitude increase in charge-carrier mobility (see Figure) is achieved by the elimination of these commonly found domains.
A Taxonomy of � eries for E-commerce Search

Understanding the search tasks and search behavior of users is necessary for optimizing search engine results. While much work has been done on understanding the users in Web search, little knowledge is available about the search tasks and behavior of users in the E-Commerce (E-Com) search applications. In this paper, we share the � rst empirical study of the queries and search behavior of users in E-Com search by analyzing search log from a major E-Com search engine. The analysis results show that E-Com queries can be categorized into � ve categories, each with distinctive search behaviors: (1) Shallow Exploration Queries are short vague queries that a user may use initially in exploring the product space. (2) Targeted Purchase Queries are queries used by users to purchase items that they are generally familiar with, thus without much decision making. (3) Major-Item Shopping Queries are used by users to shop for a major item which is often relatively expensive and thus requires some serious exploration, but typically in a limited scope of choices. (4) Minor-Item Shopping Queries are used by users to shop for minor items that are generally not very expensive, but still require some exploration of choices. (5) Hard-Choice Shopping Queries are used by users who want to deeply explore all the candidate products before � nalizing the choice often appropriate when multiple products must be carefully compared with each other. These � ve categories form a taxonomy for E-Com queries and can shed light on how we may develop customized search technologies for each type of search queries to improve search engine utility.
Physical and chemical effects of diethyl N,N′‐diethanolaminomethylphosphate on flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane foam

Diethyl N,N-diethanolaminomethylphosphate could react with isocyanate because it contained hydroxy group. This was confirmed by FTIR spectrum. It did not produce any effect on the foam structure of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). SEM, IR spectrum, and thermal analysis were used for investigation of the physical and chemical changes during the combustion of flame-retardant RPUF. It was shown that the flame retardancy changed the thermal decomposition behavior of RPUF, widened the decomposition temperature region of RPUF, reduced the amounts of decomposition products at high temperatures, and increased the decomposition residuals arisen from charring of flame-retardant RPUF. Those changes improved the flame retardancy of RPUF. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 276–282, 2001
Rapid Variations of the H α Line of the Be Star o And

Omicron Andromedae is a multiple system composed of at least four components. The main component "A" is a variable Be star (B5II-III). The variations of this star are multiform: the circumstellar emission and absorption can vary drastically and can even disappear and reappear later, whereas changes in magnitude are also observed (see e.g. Sareyan et al., 1998). Rapid spectroscopic and photometric variations are observed as well. As explained below, the rapid spectroscopic variations of the Ha line observed in 1992 during a phase of moderate emission are very special (Briot et al., 2001). Then the emission of o And increased, so another program of observations of the Ha line was performed to investigate its rapid variations during different emission phases. We present here some preliminary results.
Singlet oxygen production in a microcathode sustained discharge

The authors report experimental results showing that high yields of singlet oxygen O2(aΔg1) can be generated in a three-electrode microcathode sustained discharge (MCSD) configuration. This configuration consists of a microhollow cathode discharge (MHCD) acting as a plasma cathode to sustain a stable glow discharge between the MHCD and a third, planar electrode placed at a distance of 8mm. Experiments were performed in pure oxygen and in mixtures of oxygen with rare gases (He or Ar) at pressures up to 130Torr. O2(aΔg1) relative yields of 7.6% were measured 23cm downstream in the afterglow of the MCSD discharge.
Application of Design of Experiments to the Alkaline Treatment in Mordenite Zeolite: Influence on Si/Al Ratio

This paper presents the application of Design of Experiments (DOE) to an alkaline treatment in mordenite zeolite, in order to identify the optimum settings of the variables (temperature and concentration of NaOH) that promote greater desilication. Samples of commercial mordenite with Si / Al ratio = 9 have been treated with aqueuos NaOH solution of various concentration (0,1;0,5;1,0) and temperature (30,50,70°C). Statistical analysis was carried out based on a 22 factorial design with center point replicates. Seven experiments were executed and the data of Si/Al ratio obtained. The resulting samples were characterized by x-ray difraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), to identify the structures and crystalline phases, and to determine the percentages of silicon and aluminum, respectively. In all samples, a decrease in the Si / Al ratio was observed, keeping the crystalline structure. The treatment was most effective, especially, at high temperature and NaOH concentration (experiment 4). DOE was shown to be a powerful techinique for the study of the variables, allowing determining which variables and value ranges have more influence on response, enabling optimization.
Cross section measurements for electron-impact dissociation of SiF4 into neutral radicals

Absolute cross sections for electron-impact dissociation of SiF4 from threshold to 300 eV are presented for formation of the neutral radicals SiF3, SiF2, SiF and Si. This measurement was accomplished with threshold-ionization mass spectrometry in a dual electron-beam device. The threshold energy for dissociation into each neutral radical was measured for the first time: 10.8 eV for SiF3, 13.9 eV for SiF2, 20.4 eV for SiF and 24.6 eV for Si. The surface loss probability of each radical and the electron-impact nitrogen dissociation were measured to calibrate the relative dissociation cross sections of SiF4. The magnitude of the cross section at its maximum is 0.68 * 10-20 m2 at 80 eV for SiF3, 0.16 * 10-20 m2 at 100 eV for SiF2, 0.019 * 10-20 m2 at 100 eV for SiF, and 0.0086 * 10-20 m2 at 120 eV for Si.
Blue, green, red, and white electroluminescence from multichromophore polymer blends

We extend our previous investigations of electro-optically active polymer blends to report enhanced blue, green, red, or white electroluminescence (EL) from a multicomponent multiphase polymer blend containing blue, green, and red light emitting chromophores in different proportions as required together with both hole and electron transport materials. The general architecture of the EL devices employed was indium–tin–oxide (ITO)/poly p-phenylene vinylene (PPV)/blend/Ca or Al, in which a PPV layer was interspersed between the ITO and the blend layers to provide more efficient hole injection, enhance overall emission, and increase device longevity. The relevant EL mechanisms are discussed in terms of color related and efficiency related processes. The color related EL processes involve blueshifted emissions controlled by chromophore dilution, Forster energy transfer controlled mainly by spectral overlap between absorption and emission in chromophores, and an interfacial emission from the PPV layer. The effi.
ZnO Nanoneedles Grown Vertically on Si Substrates by Non‐Catalytic Vapor‐Phase Epitaxy

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