Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF A DIGITAL MICROSCOPE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG SCHOOLCHILDREN'S IDEAS ABOUT PLANTS, ANIMALS AND FUNGI

At present the use of technical teaching aids based on digital technologies in the educational process in primary schools is gaining special relevance, and the digital microscope is indicated in a number of syllabi for the course "Nature study" in primary schools in the section “Material and technical support”. The teacher is free to decide on what topics, in the study of what objects or natural phenomena, with the use of what methods to use this teaching tool. The aim of the study is to identify the influence of the use of the digital microscope on the development of children’s ideas about plants, animals and fungi in primary school. The pedagogical experiment was carried out for 2 years on the basis of two secondary schools in the city of Kirov, Russian Federation. 140 third grade students (72 students in the experimental group and 68 students in the control group) took part in the experiment. For the development of ideas about plants, animals and fungi in primary school children at Nature study lessons two methods were implemented: with the use of the digital microscope (in the experimental group) and without its use (in the control group). The results of testing third-graders before and after the teaching experiment showed that the use of the digital microscope in the classroom contributed to students’ better assimilation of knowledge about the diversity of plants, their respiration, nutrition, reproduction and development, the diversity of animals, their reproduction and development, and the diversity of fungi than in the lessons which did not use the microscope. This is proved by statistically significant differences in the test results of the experimental and control groups after the experiment. The findings of the study can provide a starting point for subject curriculum developers and teachers interested in using the digital microscope in primary school education.
Conditioning Program Prescribed from the External Training Load Corresponding to the Lactate Threshold Improved Cardiac Function in Healthy Dogs

Simple Summary Regular exercise is a stressful stimulus that elicits physiological responses in systolic and diastolic functions in human athletes, the so-called “athlete’s heart”. The present study reports findings obtained from echocardiography to measure the ventricular dimensions at rest in beagle dogs undergoing an endurance training program carried out on a treadmill with the intensity set at 70–80% of the velocity corresponding to the lactate threshold. Echocardiography was performed with routine measurements of the left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by the two-dimensional and Doppler techniques. After the training, the principal component analysis of echocardiographic variables was conducted to evaluate dimensional changes in left ventricular function. Principal components analysis was able to capture the qualitative echocardiographic changes produced by the endurance training. Eight weeks of the lactate-guided endurance training program could lead to concomitant left ventricular dilation without hypertrophy of the ventricular walls, emphasizing the left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions. These results suggest that submaximal aerobic training may induce physiological cardiac remodeling, improve the left ventricular functions, promote health, and minimize any injuries produced during heart disease, although its effectiveness for the latter effect must be confirmed in future studies. Abstract This research focuses on the adjustments in systolic and diastolic functions that are not fully understood in dogs submitted to athletic training. Beagle dogs carried out an endurance training program (ETP) prescribed from the external training load, corresponding to 70–80% of the lactate threshold (VLT) velocity. Eighteen dogs were randomly assigned to two groups: control (C, n = 8), active dogs that did not perform any forced exercise, and trained (T, n = 10), submitted to the ETP during eight weeks. All dogs were evaluated before and after the ETP period using two-dimensional echocardiography, M-mode, Doppler, and two-dimensional speckle tracking. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the echocardiographic variables was performed. The ETP improved the left ventricular internal dimension at the end of diastole (LVDd), the left ventricular internal dimension at the end of diastole to aorta ratio (LVDd: Ao), and the strain rate indices. PCA was able to capture the dimensionality and qualitative echocardiography changes produced by the ETP. These findings indicated that the training prescribed based on the lactate threshold improved the diastolic and systolic functions. This response may be applied to improve myocardial function, promote health, and mitigate any injuries produced during heart failure.
Derivation of optimal rotor topologies for consequent-pole PMSM by ON/OFF method

2096-3564 © 2021 CES  Abstract—Consequent-pole permanent magnet synchronous machines (CP-PMSMs) have attracted considerable interest as a means of reducing manufacturing costs through a marked reduction in the volume of permanent magnet required to meet a particular torque specification. In this paper, novel rotor topologies for a CP-PMSM are derived to unlock the full design space potential. The ON/OFF method is introduced to manage the laminated steel material distribution over the rotor region, high average torque and low torque ripple are the objects of rotor design, and the immune algorithm is used to search for the optimal material distribution for the formulated problem. More than 9000 different rotor topologies are created and evaluated within 12 hours by this methodology. The optimal topologies under different design strategy are presented, and performance of these topologies are analyzed. The analysis results show that the proposed methodology can deliver novel rotor topologies for the CP-PMSM with surprising torque quality since the torque ripple is suppressed to a low level with no average torque sacrifice.
Consciousness as a multidimensional phenomenon: implications for the assessment of disorders of consciousness

Abstract Disorders of consciousness (DoCs) pose a significant clinical and ethical challenge because they allow for complex forms of conscious experience in patients where intentional behaviour and communication are highly limited or non-existent. There is a pressing need for brain-based assessments that can precisely and accurately characterize the conscious state of individual DoC patients. There has been an ongoing research effort to develop neural measures of consciousness. However, these measures are challenging to validate not only due to our lack of ground truth about consciousness in many DoC patients but also because there is an open ontological question about consciousness. There is a growing, well-supported view that consciousness is a multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be fully described in terms of the theoretical construct of hierarchical, easily ordered conscious levels. The multidimensional view of consciousness challenges the utility of levels-based neural measures in the context of DoC assessment. To examine how these measures may map onto consciousness as a multidimensional phenomenon, this article will investigate a range of studies where they have been applied in states other than DoC and where more is known about conscious experience. This comparative evidence suggests that measures of conscious level are more sensitive to some dimensions of consciousness than others and cannot be assumed to provide a straightforward hierarchical characterization of conscious states. Elevated levels of brain complexity, for example, are associated with conscious states characterized by a high degree of sensory richness and minimal attentional constraints, but are suboptimal for goal-directed behaviour and external responsiveness. Overall, this comparative analysis indicates that there are currently limitations to the use of these measures as tools to evaluate consciousness as a multidimensional phenomenon and that the relationship between these neural signatures and phenomenology requires closer scrutiny.
Dynamic Pricing for EV Charging Stations: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

Dynamic pricing, which aims to dynamically adjust the charging price in a timely fashion to unlock the flexibility of electric vehicle (EV) customers, has been extensively studied with the rapid development of charging technologies. Many existing works on dynamic pricing focus on maximizing the social welfare of charging service providers and EV customers. Cases of high dimensional charging environments, which are often encountered with the rapid growth of EV market penetration, have been rarely considered to date. This paper proposes a new dynamic pricing framework for EV charging stations that can offer multiple charging options to customers over a finite time horizon. The charging price can be dynamically adjusted to maximize the quality of service (QoS) with a differentiated service requirement level (SRL) whenever the arrival rates and queuing system capacities of the charging systems are given at the end of a time period. The dynamic pricing problem is formulated as a finite discrete horizon Markov decision process (MDP) with a mixed state space. A customized deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach is employed to solve the examined EV dynamic pricing problem. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Reframing Web Accessibility in Post-Secondary Education: Examining the Role of the Educator in the Curation and Creation of Accessible Digital Course Content

Web accessibility is emerging as a key issue and opportunity for educators in post-secondary institutions (Brown, 2018; Gronseth, 2018). Many factors affect web accessibility, yet little literature examines web accessibility factors relative to literacy, pedagogy, course culture, course content curation and information design for learning— areas that rest firmly within an educator’s domain. What facets are specifically relevant to post-secondary educators? The conference presentation, this proceeding, and a subsequent article for the OTESSA journal that addresses the broader construct of digital accessibility, invite critical engagement with web accessibility practices, accessible course content, and the digital accessibility of technology-mediated learning environments. Together and individually, they offer educators various points of entry that are relevant to praxis and seek to ignite discussions and interventions that build educators’ agency and self-efficacy to co-create accessible courses with students with (and without) disabilities.
Coping stress toward post-death of a couple: A qualitative study in single mothers

The study aimed to figure out the picture of a couple’s post-death stress and coping strategies used by working single mothers. The research approach uses qualitative descriptive with case study design. Characteristics of single mother participants, working and having children. Data were obtained through interviews of participants concerned accompanied by significant other interviews. The data analysis used in this study is a thematic data analysis technique. The results showed the symptoms of stress experienced by participants in increased blood pressure, frequent delays in work, irritability, dietary changes, and experiencing sleep disorders. Each participant’s stress was the shrinkage of economic, social, and psychological resources. Participants’ stress coping strategies include; planful problem solving, confrontative, seeking social support, distance, escape/avoidance, positive reappraisal, self-control, and accepting responsibility.
The Brazilian Torrent Frog Controls Its Paired Vocal Sacs Independently: Implications for Acoustic Parameters

Abstract. Communication often mediates social interactions, including reproduction, defense, and competition. In anurans, vocal sacs are used in communication during interactions, and they may be controlled in a variety of ways. Hylodes heyeri is diurnal and inhabits streams in the Atlantic Forest of South America. Its vocalizations are complex, probably due to living in a noisy environment, and can involve either unilateral or bilateral inflation of their paired vocal sacs. Here, we analyze the acoustic parameters of territorial calls when the Brazilian Torrent frog inflates one or two vocal sacs in response to territorial calls from playback. Males using two vocal sacs emitted fewer notes per call, had longer note duration, and higher frequencies than males using one vocal sac. We conclude that the strategy of control of the paired vocal sacs in this genus may be related to the energy expenditure for vocalization, mainly in close interactions between individuals.
And the Rest is History: Measuring the Scope and Recall of Wikipedia’s Coverage of Three Women’s Movement Subgroups

Narrating history is perpetually contested, shaping and reshaping how nations and people understand both their pasts and the current moment. Measuring and evaluating the scope of histories is methodologically challenging. In this paper we provide a general approach and a specific method to measure historical recall. Operationalizing historical information as one or more word phrases, we use the phrase-mining RAKE algorithm on a collection of primary historical documents to extract first-person historical evidence, and then measure recall via phrases present on contemporary Wikipedia, taken to represent a publicly-accessible summary of existing knowledge on virtually any historical topic. We demonstrate this method using women's movements in the United States as a case study of a debated historical field. We found that issues important to working-class elements of the movement were less likely to be covered on Wikipedia compared to other subsections of the movement. Combining this method with a qualitative analysis of select articles, we identified a typology of mechanisms leading to historical omissions: paucity, restrictive paradigms, and categorical narrowness. Our approach, we conclude, can be used to both evaluate the recall of a body of history and to actively intervene in enlarging the scope of our histories and historical knowledge.
The Development and Validation Of The Islamic Gratitude Scale (IGS-10)

There were not many adequate instruments to measure gratitude for the Indonesian people, especially the Muslim community. The purpose of this study is to develop the Islamic Gratitude Scale (IGS-10) by conducted an adequate set of tests. A total of 1218 respondents from students and workers participated on this study. This study found that the Islamic Gratitude Scale (IGS-10) has a good reliability (α= 0.863), good content validity and good factorial validity. The exploratory factor analysis found that IGS-10 has two factors, extrinsic gratitude (α= 0.845) and intrinsic gratitude (α= 0.761). Several sets of correlation tests found that IGS-10 has a good convergent validity, IGS-10 correlates with the Gratitude Questionerre (GQ-6), Gratitude Resentment and Appreciation Scale - Short Form (GRAT-SF), and gratitude toward God. Furthermore, IGS-10 correlated with Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire - Appearance Scale (MBSRQ - US), and subjective well-being. This finding indicated that IGS-10 has a good cirterion-related validity. But unfortunately, IGS-10 did not correlate with Adolescents’ Self-concept Short Scale (ASCSS), optimism scale (LOT-R) and The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). IGS-10 was associated with Social Desirability Scale (SDS) with low correlation. To develop this scale the next process that can be done is norming, so that the IGS-10 will become a scale that can be used widely and more convincingly.
Neuronal Coherence Agent for Shared Intentionality: A Hypothesis of Neurobiological Processes Occurring during Social Interaction

The present interdisciplinary study discusses the physical foundations of the neurobiological processes occurring during social interaction. The review of the literature establishes the difference between Intentionality and Intention, thereby proposing the theoretical basis of Shared Intentionality in humans. According to the present study, Shared Intentionality in humans (Goal-directed coherence of biological systems), which is the ability among social organisms to instantly select just one stimulus for the entire group, is the outcome of evolutionary development. Therefore, this interaction modality should be the preferred, archetypal, and most propagated modality in organisms, attributed to the Model of Hierarchical Complexity Stage 3. This characteristic of biological systems facilitates the training of the new members of the group and also ensures efficient cooperation among the members of the group without requiring communication. In humans, Shared Intentionality contributes to the learning of newborns. The neurons of a mature organism may teach the neonate neurons regarding the fitting reactions to the excitatory inputs of the specific structural organization. This enables the neonate neurons to develop a Long-Term Potentiation that links particular stimuli with specific embodied sensorimotor neural networks. The present report discusses three possible neuronal coherence agents that could involve quantum mechanisms in cells, thereby enabling the distribution of the quality of goal-directed coherence in biological systems (Shared Intentionality in humans). Recently reported case studies conducted online with the task of conveying the meaning of numerosity to the children of age 18–33 months revealed the occurrence of Shared Intentionality in mother-child dyads in the absence of sensory cues between the two, which promoted cognitive development in the children. The findings of these case studies support the concept of physical foundations and the hypothesis of the neurophysiological process of social interaction proposed in the present study.
Fault-tolerant load balancing in cloud computing: A systematic literature review

Nowadays, cloud computing is growing daily and has been developed as an effective and flexible paradigm in solving large-scale problems. It has been known as an Internet-based computing model in which computing and virtual resources, such as services, applications, storage, servers, and networks, are shared among numerous cloud users. Since the number of cloud users and their requests are increasing rapidly, the loads on the cloud systems may be underloaded or overloaded. These situations cause different problems, such as high response time and power consumption. To handle the mentioned problems and improve the performance of cloud servers, load balancing methods have a significant impact. Generally, a load balancing method aims to detect under-loaded and overloaded nodes and balance the load among them. In the recent decade, this problem has attracted a lot of interest among researchers, and several solutions have been proposed. Considering the important role of fault-tolerant in load balancing algorithms, there is a lack of an organized and in-depth study in this field yet. This gap prompted us to provide the current study aimed to collect and review the available papers in the field of fault tolerance load balancing methods in cloud computing. The existing algorithms are divided into two categories, namely, centralized and distributed, and reviewed based on vital qualitative parameters, such as scalability, response time, reliability, availability, throughput, and overhead. In this regard, other criteria such as the type of detected faults and adopted simulation tools are taken into account.
Adapting to a new normal: the impact of COVID-19 on the mediatization of professional sport organizations

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic created challenges that forced professional sport organizations to adapt to transforming media environments. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the pandemic on sport organizations through dimensions of mediatization: perception, structure, and behavior. Data collection included South Korean and U. S. media outlets (newspapers articles and websites) and participants (three male and two female) who worked in the Departments of New Media and Promotion in the Korean Football and Professional Baseball leagues. Data analyses involved triangulation of evidence from newspapers, websites, and interviews. The findings of the study addressed four themes: disruptions and changes in communication environment, which occurred under an already heightened need for change to enter the global sport market, recognition of the need to develop new media content due to the worldwide impact of the pandemic, development of new media teams, and collaboration for the creation of new media content.
PARENTS’ SELF-COMPASSION AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF CHILD REARING PRACTICES

The issue of parents’ psychological well-being, parents’ ability to recognize their physical and emotional resources, ability to avoid exhaustion of those resources has become increasingly important. In this context parents’ self-compassion could be psychological resource for parents to implement positive parenting approaches and encourage positive contact with the child. The aim of this research was to examine whether there is an association between parents’ self-compassion and their perceptions of child rearing practices. Data were collected from 203 respondents in 2019. The results showed a statistically significant positive correlation (rs= .268 p < .01) between self-compassion and the Positive parenting indicators; statistically significant negative correlation (rs= -.214 p < .01) between self-compassion and Psychological control; statistically significant negative correlation (rs= -.192, p < .01) between self-compassion and Physical control. Keywords: psychological well-being, self-compassion, perceptions of child rearing
Primary Tumour Characteristics Poorly Correlate with Extracapsular Spread and Cervical Sublevel IIb Metastasis in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Clinically N0 Neck: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Nodal metastasis reduces the survival by 50% in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas. The presence of nodal extension/extracapsular spread (ECS) further reduces survival. Current literature favors a selective level IIb sparing neck dissection in clinically N0 neck. Studies have evaluated the role of primary tumour size, number of lymph nodes, and depth of invasion (DOI) with the occurrence of extranodal extension (ENE). Patients and Methods: Patients were retrospectively reviewed who presented with oral cavity carcinomas and clinically N0 neck. Relationship was sought between tumour site, size, histological grading, DOI, and the occurrence of level IIb metastasis and ECS. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The relationship showed insignificant correlation with P values (0.6643, 0.6704, 0.6779, and 0.6779) between site, size, grading, DOI, and level IIb and ENE. Discussion: Previous studies have shown DOI >5 mm and lymph node size 15 mm and multiple lymph nodes predict ECS. DOI and primary site with more than 20% for occult metastasis predicts elective neck treatment. However, in our study, no correlation was found between primary tumour characteristics and ECS or level IIb metastasis. Elective neck dissection is the standard surgical protocol from both diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoints. The only criterion for level IIb dissection is concomitant presence of level IIa involvement intraoperatively. Since ENE can occur early in the disease process, elective neck dissection remains the standard of care.