Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Closed-Loop Design and Transient-Mode Control for a Series-Capacitor Buck Converter

This paper explores the large-signal and small-signal dynamics of a series-capacitor (SC) buck-type converter and introduces an optimal closed-loop control scheme to accommodate both the steady-state and transient modes. As opposed to a conventional buck converter, where time-optimal control is realized by a single on–off cycle, in the SC-buck topology, there is a need to distribute the switching phases to satisfy the charge balance of the SC. The new control method merges a voltage-mode controller for the steady-state operation and a nonlinear, state-plane based transient-mode controller for load transients. A detailed principle of the operation of the SC-buck converter is provided and explained through an average-behavioral model and state-plane analysis. The operation of the controller is experimentally verified on a 20 W 12 V-to-1 V converter, demonstrating voltage-mode control operation as well as minimum-deviation and time-optimal responses for load transients.
Nano-oxidation of silicon nitride films with an atomic force microscope: Chemical mapping, kinetics, and applications

We demonstrate that local oxidation of silicon nitride films deposited on conductive substrates with a conductive-probe atomic force microscope (AFM) is a very promising approach for nanofabrication. Scanning Auger microscopy and spectroscopy are employed to verify the chemical changes after AFM-induced oxidation. Furthermore, the growth kinetics are found to have a logarithmic relationship of oxide height versus pulse duration [h∝ln(t/t0)]. In contrast to rather slow thermal oxidation process, AFM-induced oxidation on silicon nitride has an anomalously high initial oxidation rate (∼30 000 nm/s at 10 V) and a small onset time t0 (∼10 μs). As for the applications in ultrahigh-density recording, an oxide dot array (∼100 Gbit/in.2) produced by this process is demonstrated. The nitride film patterned by AFM can be utilized as an etching mask to fabricate “subtractive” silicon nanostructures, due to the large etching selectivity of Si3N4:SiO2:Si in various etchants. With this method, which is entirely compatib.
Thematic Parallels and Non‐parallels: Contributions of Field‐specific Properties

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate, following Jackendoff (1992), that parallelism across semantic fields is constrained by properties specific to each field, and that these field-specific properties play a crucial role in accounting for the non-parallels which particular lexical items exhibit across semantic fields. Three semantic fields (Temporal, Possessional, and Identificational) are shown to have different properties with respect to three parameters, dimensionality, directedness and continuousness. These differing, field-specific properties account for where parallelism obtains and where its does not. The examination of field-specific properties reveals a number of cross-field behavioral differences that have received little recognition, as shown by case studies of spread, between, over, and extent verbs.
Programmable On-Chip Photonic Signal Processor Based on a Microdisk Resonator Array

programmable on-chip photonic signal processor based on a silicon photonic microdisk resonator array is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The processor has a two-dimensional mesh network structure with multiple input and multiple output ports. In each mesh cell, two identical thermally-tunable high-Q microdisk resonators (MDRs) are used for routing and processing the optical signal, and a low-loss waveguide crossing is employed at the waveguide intersection to enable low-crosstalk optical transmission. By programming the DC voltages applied to the MDRs, the processor can be reconfigured with diverse circuit topologies to perform multiple array signal processing functions. An $8 \times 8$ programmable signal processor is designed, fabricated and characterized. By controlling the DC voltages, an on-chip tunable optical delay line based on 8 MDRs cascaded in an all-pass filter configuration is experimentally demonstrated. Thanks to scalable mesh structure of the proposed processor, the entire device holds a promising potential for strong reconfigurability and parallel computing with low power consumption.
Optimal quadrature rules for isogeometric analysis

We introduce optimal quadrature rules for spline spaces that are frequently used in Galerkin discretizations to build mass and stiness matrices. Using the homotopy continuation concept [6] that transforms optimal quadrature rules from source spaces to target spaces, we derive optimal rules for splines generated above nite domains. Starting with the classical Gaussian quadrature for polynomials, which is an optimal rule for a discontinuous odd-degree space, we derive rules for target spaces of higher continuity. We further show how the homotopy methodology handles cases where the source and target rules require dierent numbers of optimal quadrature points. We demonstrate it by deriving optimal rules for various odd-degree spline spaces, particularly with non-uniform knot sequences and non-uniform multiplicities. We also discuss convergence of our rules to their asymptotic counterparts, that is, the analogues of the midpoint rule of Hughes et al. [34], that are exact and optimal for innite domains. For spaces of low continuities, we numerically show that the derived rules quickly converge to their asymptotic counterparts as the weights and nodes of a few boundary elements dier from the asymptotic values.
Individual-based modeling of feeding ecology and prey selection of larval cod on Georges Bank

Understanding larval fish survival dynamics is essential to determining variability in future adult population structure. Realistic modeling of larval fish feeding ecology depends on incor- porating both the biotic and abiotic conditions that affect predator-prey interactions. We used an individual-based model (IBM) to test which variables drive Atlantic larval cod Gadus morhua feeding preferences. The IBM included a bioenergetics component that incorporated metabolic parameters and growth and a mechanistic prey selection component that depended on larval development and behavior, prey size and behavior, depth, light, and physical oceanographic conditions. We applied our model to Georges Bank and incorporated high-resolution field data on environmental conditions and prey abundance to analyze larval cod feeding ecology. Based on simulated selectivity indices, we found that cod prey selection was determined by differential encounter of prey due to the abundance of suitably sized prey, their visibility, and larval cod ability to capture these prey items. The model suggested that Pseudocalanus spp. were the dominant prey species for larval cod because of their abundance in the water column and their large image area. Centropages spp. were also modeled to be an important part of larval diet, but no copepodite stages of this taxon were found in gut samples. Lack of Centropages spp. in the gut samples indicated that they are more elusive in their behavior than Pseudocalanus spp. Overall our results suggest larval cod feeding ecology on Georges Bank is a consequence of the physical and biological conditions rather than active prey selection.
Dislocation dynamics simulations with climb: kinetics of dislocation loop coarsening controlled by bulk diffusion

Dislocation climb mobilities, assuming vacancy bulk diffusion, are derived and implemented in dislocation dynamics simulations to study the coarsening of vacancy prismatic loops in fcc metals. When loops cannot glide, comparison of the simulations with a coarsening model based on the line tension approximation shows good agreement. Dislocation dynamics simulations with both glide and climb are then performed. Allowing for glide of the loops along their prismatic cylinders leads to faster coarsening kinetics, as direct coalescence of the loops is now possible.
Geodynamic evolution of a forearc rift in the southernmost Mariana Arc

The southernmost Mariana forearc stretched to accommodate opening of the Mariana Trough backarc basin in late Neogene time, erupting basalts at 3.7–2.7 Ma that are now exposed in the Southeast Mariana Forearc Rift (SEMFR). Today, SEMFR is a broad zone of extension that formed on hydrated, forearc lithosphere and overlies the shallow subducting slab (slab depth ≤ 30–50 km). It comprises NW–SE trending subparallel deeps, 3–16 km wide, that can be traced ≥ ∼30 km from the trench almost to the backarc spreading center, the Malaguana‐Gadao Ridge (MGR). While forearcs are usually underlain by serpentinized harzburgites too cold to melt, SEMFR crust is mostly composed of Pliocene, low‐K basaltic to basaltic andesite lavas that are compositionally similar to arc lavas and backarc basin (BAB) lavas, and thus defines a forearc region that recently witnessed abundant igneous activity in the form of seafloor spreading. SEMFR igneous rocks have low Na8, Ti8, and Fe8, consistent with extensive melting, at ∼23 ± 6.6 km depth and 1239 ± 40°C, by adiabatic decompression of depleted asthenospheric mantle metasomatized by slab‐derived fluids. Stretching of pre‐existing forearc lithosphere allowed BAB‐like mantle to flow along the SEMFR and melt, forming new oceanic crust. Melts interacted with pre‐existing forearc lithosphere during ascent. The SEMFR is no longer magmatically active and post‐magmatic tectonic activity dominates the rift.
Formal description of conceptual relationship with a view to implementing them in the ontology editor

In this article we present a catalogue of conceptual relationships in which each relationship is defined formally in terms of its properties and the nature of the conceptual classes involved. By making explicit the conceptual relationships of the catalogue using the standard ontology editor Protégé we should be able to retrieve conceptual knowledge in an onomasiological way using the Queries function of the editor. In the final part of the article we present a sample query taken from the analysis of the terminology of finished ceramic products in order to show how information about relationships can be retrieved.
On coupling global biome models with climate models

The BIOME model of Prentice et al. (1992; J. Biogeogr. 19: 117-134), which predicts global vegetation patterns in equilibrium with climate, was coupled with the ECHAM climate model of the Max-Planck-Institut fiir Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany. It was found that incorporation of the BIOME model into ECHAM, regardless at which frequency, does not enhance the simulated climate variability, expressed in terms of differences between global vegetation patterns. Strongest changes are seen only between the initial biome distribution and the biome distribution computed after the first simulation period, provided that the climate-biome model is started from a biome distribution that resembles the present-day distribution. After the first simulation period, there is no significant shrinking, expanding, or shifting of biomes. Likewise, no trend is seen in global averages of land-surface parameters and climate variables. Significant differences in the results of the climate-biome model are found when single-year and multl-year climatologies are compared regardless whether climate and biome model are used in an off-line mode or are interactively integrated. It is concluded that a biome model should be coupled with a climate model in the following way: firstly, the climate model should be integrated over several years; secondly, a biome distribution should be computed from the corresponding multi-year simulated climatology; finally, land-surface parameters are to be deduced from the biome distribution as boundary condition of the climate model for a subsequent integration, and so on until an equilibrium is established. Starting the climate-biome model from a biome map which drastically differs from today's global distribution of biomes, but keeping present-day ocean temperatures fixed, it takes several iterations until the model finds a new equilibrium differing from the present-day vegetation distribution in certain parts of the globe. This study indicates that the results of the climatebiome model are dependent on the initial land-surface conditions.
Hierarchically Targeted and Penetrated Delivery of Drugs to Tumors by Size‐Changeable Graphene Quantum Dot Nanoaircrafts for Photolytic Therapy

Theranostic nanohybrids are promising for effective delivery of therapeutic drug or energy and for imaging‐guided therapy of tumors, which is demanded in personalized medicine. Here, a size‐changeable graphene quantum dot (GQD) nanoaircraft (SCNA) that serves as a hierarchical tumor‐targeting agent with high cargo payload is developed to penetrate and deliver anticancer drug into deep tumors. The nanoaircraft is composed of ultrasmall GQDs (less than 5 nm) functionalized with a pH‐sensitive polymer that demonstrates an aggregation transition at weak acidity of tumor environment but is stable at physiological pH with stealth function. A size conversion of the SCNA at the tumor site is further actuated by near‐infrared irradiation, which disassembles 150 nm of SCNA into 5 nm of doxorubicin (DOX)/GQD like a bomb‐loaded jet, facilitating the penetration into the deep tumor tissue. At the tumor, the penetrated DOX/GQD can infect neighboring cancer cells for repeated cell killing. Such a SCNA integrated with combinational therapy successfully suppresses xenograft tumors in 18 d without distal harm. The sophisticated strategy displays the hierarchically targeted and penetrated delivery of drugs and energy to deep tumor and shows potential for use in other tumor therapy.
Growth of Carbon Nanotubes by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition

The growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) has attracted much attention because PECVD enables vertically aligned CNT growth and is applicable for CNT growth at low temperature. Large area growth of CNTs is also possible by PECVD. These are desirable features for the growth process of CNTs in nanoelectronics applications. Because of these features, it is expected that CNT growth has a variety of applications such as in field emission displays, interconnections in large-scale integrated circuits (LSIs) and optical devices. In this paper, we review studies of CNT growth by PECVD. Some examples of CNT growth by PECVD and selective CNT growth on substrates using semiconductor processes are described in this review.
Conformity and Reciprocity in the 'Exclusion Game': An Experimental Investigation

Sacconi and Grimalda (2002, 2005a, 2005b) introduced a model in which two basic motives to action are understood as different type of preferences and represented by a comprehensive utility function: the first is consequentialist motivation, whereas the second is a conditional willingness to conform with an ideal, or a moral principle, which they call a conformist, or ideal, motive to action. A moral ideal is meant as a normative principle of evaluation for collective modes of behaviours which provides agents with a ranking of states of affairs resulting from strategic interaction expressing a greater or lesser consistency with the ideal. The principle moreover is seen as resulting from a (possibly hypothetical) contract between the agents involved in the interaction in an ex-ante phase. Thus, the normative principle boils down to a social welfare function that measures the consistency of outcomes with the normative prescriptions provided by the ideal. Hence, agents understand their own and any other agent's degree of conformity in terms of their contribution to carrying out the ideal given the others' expected action, and a person's own motivation to act in conformity with the principle increases with others' (expected) conformity. In other words, individual conformity with the principle is conditional on others' conformity with it, as perceived by the agent. This peculiar feature of reciprocity over others' behaviour calls for an extension of the usual equipment of decision theory, which is provided by the theory of Psychological Games (Geanakoplos et al., 1989). In this paper we design an experiment for preliminary exploration of the empirical validity of the conformist preferences model, applying it to a simple non cooperative game (the Exclusion Game) meant as the problem of dividing a sum between two active players and a third, dummy player (passive beneficiary). Results are encouraging. Behaviours dramatically change passing from the simple exclusion game to a three steps game, in which once the players have first played the typical non cooperative exclusion game, and before playing it again, they participate in a middle phase, where they anonymously agree on a principle of division. Having agreed on a principle, even though this agreement does not implies reputation effects nor is externally enforceable, induces a substantial part of players - who acted selfishly in the first step - to conform to the principle in the third phase. The additional condition being that they believe the other players will also conform to the agreed principle (what here does happen, as a mater of fact). These results strictly accord with the prediction of the conformist preferences model, but cannot be accounted for by alternative theories of reciprocity.
Driver Stage Implementation with Improved Turn-on and Turn-Off Delay for Wide Band Gap Devices

This paper presents a driver topology intended for WBG devices with the goal of improving the switching performance. In particular, the initial delay time of the switching transient was targeted. In high power and high frequency bridge converters, the dead time causes output voltage waveform distortion and increases losses. Shorter delay time leads to shorter dead time requirement. Simulations show that the delay time can be minimised by correctly implementing the suggested driver stage. For the experimental validation, an improvement of 6–8 ns was demonstrated while keeping the same di/dt and dv/dt as a conventional gate driver. The improvement increases with increasing gate resistance.
Mapping Value in a ‘Green’ Commodity Frontier: Revisiting Commodity Chain Analysis

type="main"> Analysis of commodity chains has provided important insights on how power, resource and market access mediate the distribution of benefits and risks. Given this analytical potential, Commodity Chain Analysis (CCA) is now being applied to the study of biofuels and carbon markets to gain systematic insight into the circumstances, relationships and transformations involved in their production and exchange. By building on and adapting this approach to three distinct case studies (biofuels in Madagascar and forest carbon in Cambodia and Laos), this article contributes new insights on the emergence of value within market environmentalism. The analysis highlights methodological challenges in applying CCA to commodified forms of nature, and the significance of knowledge and value negotiations. All three cases illustrate that it remains highly uncertain whether or not market exchange can ultimately be realized. As in the case of traditional commodities, pre-existing conditions of power and access shape modes of production and network configuration. Parallel and intersecting commodity networks (e.g. for land and timber) also require us to think beyond the traditional single-commodity focus. Thus, the authors call for an expanded analytical focus in applying CCA to non-material ‘green’ commodities which places greater emphasis on value negotiations and connections within new ‘commodity frontiers’.
Characterisation of stability behaviour of ultra fine alumina powder in view its colloidal processing by gel-casting

The paper reports on the results of the study aimed at assessing of the influence of dispersant type on the electrochemical properties of highly concentrated alumina suspension. The relationship between the type of dispersant and the stabilization ability towards ultrafine alumina powder CT 3000 has been studied. The effectiveness was determined mainly by the zeta potential value, specific surface charge, the shift in the pH(i.e.p.) and by visual controlling the fluidity of the slurry at constant solid loading. A good agreement between the zeta potential and the specific surface charge as a way to determine the optimal dose of dispersant has been documented.
Electroaeroelastic analysis of airfoil-based wind energy harvesting using piezoelectric transduction and electromagnetic induction

The concept of transforming aeroelastic vibrations into electricity for low-power generation has received growing attention in the last few years. The goal is to convert airflow energy into electricity for powering small electronic components employed in wireless applications. The potential applications for aeroelastic energy harvesting range from aircraft structures to several engineering problems involving wireless electronic components located in high wind areas. The use of a typical airfoil section is a convenient approach to create instabilities and persistent oscillations in aeroelastic energy harvesting. This article analyzes two airfoil-based aeroelastic energy harvesters using (a) piezoelectric transduction and (b) electromagnetic induction. An airfoil with two degrees of freedom is investigated by adding piezoelectric and electromagnetic couplings to the plunge degree of freedom in two separate cases. The governing dimensionless electroaeroelastic equations are given in each case with a resistive load in the electrical domain for predicting the power output at the flutter boundary. The effects of several dimensionless system parameters on the dimensionless electrical power output as well as the dimensionless linear flutter speed are investigated for piezoelectric and electromagnetic energy harvesting from airflow-induced vibrations. The simulations presented in this study can be employed for designing and optimizing airfoil-based wind energy harvesters.
An objective comparison of vertical motions from the kinematic method and three forms of the omega equation

12 PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) Gerald Emil Hevrdeys REaOR (YIr [5FRPR .b.TM OEE -3a. TYPE OF REPORT 13b. TIME COVERED 114. DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month, Day 5. PAGE COUNT T-iEIS,f.J, FROM TO 1988 96 iS. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION APPRUVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE 1AW AFR 190-1 ERNEST A. HAYGOOD, ist Lt, USAF Executive Officer, Civilian Institution Programs 17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) j F CLD GROUP SUB-GROUP
mrsh-mem: Approximate Matching on Raw Memory Dumps

This paper presents the fusion of two subdomains of digital forensics: (1) raw memory analysis and (2) approximate matching. Specifically, this paper describes a prototype implementation named MRSH-MEM that allows to compare hard drive images as well as memory dumps and therefore can answer the question if a particular program (installed on a hard drive) is currently running / loaded in memory. To answer this question, we only require both dumps or access to a public repository which provides the binaries to be tested. For our prototype, we modified an existing approximate matching algorithm named MRSH-NET and combined it with approxis, an approximate disassembler. Recent literature claims that approximate matching techniques are slow and hardly applicable to the field of memory forensics. Especially legitimate changes to executables in memory caused by the loader itself prevent the application of current bytewise approximate matching techniques. Our approach lowers the impact of modified code in memory and shows a good computational performance. During our experiments, we show how an investigator can leverage meaningful insights by combining data gained from a hard disk image and raw memory dumps with a practicability runtime performance. Lastly, our current implementation will be integrable into the Volatility memory forensics framework and we introduce new possibilities for providing data driven cross validation functions. Our current proof of concept implementation supports Linux based raw memory dumps.