Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is a rapid expansion of the invasive amphipod Gammarus tigrinus Sexton, 1939 associated with its niche selection: a case study in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea

Among the recent non-indigenous species the gammarid amphipod Gammarus tigrinus is one of the more aggressive invaders in the Baltic Sea. Quantitative sampling of the shallow water habitats of the Gulf of Finland showed that G. tigrinus has become established in the whole coastal zone of the Gulf. Boosted Regression Trees modelling indicated that the abundance and biomass of G. tigrinus varied as a function of wave exposure, water salinity and transparency, with the invasive amphipod having higher abundance and biomass at less exposed, more dilute, and more turbid sites. Gammarus tigrinus appears to be competitively superior to the native gammarids, possibly leading to further decline of the native gammarid populations in the Gulf of Finland.
(Erratum) The ROSAT all-sky survey catalogue of optically bright OB-type stars.

For the detailed statistical analysis of the X-ray emission of hot stars we selected all stars of spectral type O and B listed in the Yale Bright Star Catalogue and searched for them in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. In this paper we describe the selection and preparation of the data and present a compilation of the derived X-ray data for a complete sample of bright OB stars.
Public Investment Policy, Distribution, and Growth: What Levels of Redistribution through Public Investment Maximize Growth?

This paper studies the distributional and the growth effects of public investment in a simple growth model with incomplete market where both growth and inequality are endogenously determined. Taxation lowers growth through distorting private investment, whereas public investment stimulates long run growth. Higher inequality corresponds to lower growth when the credit and insurance markets are missing as these prevent the efficient amount of investment to be undertaken in the economy. In this case, public investment may have additional efficiency benefit through substituting for the missing markets. It serves as means to relax resource constraints that impede certain investment. The efficiency effect of complementary public investment, on the other hand, is compromised as it aggravates it.
Application of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for Measuring Water Velocity in Laboratory Sedimentation Tank

Over the past three decades, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), fundamentally based on pattern matching principles, has seen a rapid growth in its usage as a flow measurement technique. PIV is a ‘digital’ tracking process to measure the time taken for water to move from one point to the other. The particle displacements can be ascertained by measuring the movement of the fluid of interest from the images captured by a camera. In this study, PIV is employed to measure surface flow velocity. The flow velocity was obtained by analyzing the series of captured images using MatPIV codes. The experiment was carried out at Swinburne Sarawak Fluid Lab. Digital SLR camera model used is Nikon D40X which is capable of taking 5 frames per second. Various tracer particles were used for the experiments include food dye, beads and ping pong balls. The experiments were conducted in a SOLTEQ Sedimentation Tank. Through the implementation of a standardized correction factor, the corrected PIV velocity has an error margin less than 5% which is deemed to be fairly accurate. The PIV velocity (V piv ) results showed to be in good agreement with the actual velocity (V actual ).
Within-clutch egg-size variation in a subsocial bug: the positional effect hypothesis

If there are differences in predation risk among the offspring within a clutch, parents should allocate less resources to the offspring facing higher risk. Predation risk, and thus offspring size, may depend on the spatial position of individual offspring within a clutch. To test this positional effect hypothesis, I examined egg-size (egg-mass) variation in the subsocial bug Elasmucha signoreti Scott, 1874 (Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae). In subsocial insects, including Elasmucha, in which females guard their clutches against predators by covering the clutch with their bodies, there are large differences in survival between offspring at the centre and at the periphery of the clutch. There was considerable variation in reproductive output among females; female body size was positively correlated with egg mass but not with clutch size. Females laid significantly lighter eggs in the peripheral, and thus more vulnerable, part of the clutch. No phenotypic trade-off between egg mass and clutch size was detected.
Improving beef meat colour scores at carcass grading

Unacceptable meat colour scores at the time of carcass grading are associated with reduced meat quality and consumer rejection. We hypothesised that the meat colour at carcass grading would be influenced by the pH and temperature decline post slaughter, as these would be determined by animal and processing factors. Beef carcasses (n = 1512) at seven Australian processing plants were assessed, at grading, for the meat colour of the M. longissimus thoracis. Statistical modelling determined the animal, carcass and processing factors contributing to the meat colour score at carcass grading. The occurrence of unacceptably dark meat dropped from 8 to 3% when the time of grading was increased from 14 to 31 h post slaughter (P 3, indicative of an opportunity to determine the mechanism behind this pH-induced colour development and thus reduce the incidence of non-compliance. It is recommended that when there is a high occurrence of carcasses with a dark meat colour >3 that the time from slaughter to grading is checked to ensure carcasses are in full rigor at the grading point. This will assist in minimising economic penalties due to dark-coloured carcasses. Finally, animal factors, such as maturity and feeding regime also had a considerable impact on the meat colour at carcass grading.
Solving Hard Multiobjective Problems with a Hybridized Method

This paper presents a hybrid method to solve hard multiobjective problems. The proposed approach adopts an epsilon-constraint method which uses a Particle Swarm Optimizer to get points near of the true Pareto front. In this approach, only few points will be generated and then, new intermediate points will be calculated using an interpolation method, to increase the among of points in the output Pareto front. The proposed approach is validated using two difficult multiobjective test problems and the results are compared with those obtained by a multiobjec- tive evolutionary algorithm representative of the state of the art: NSGA-II.
The New Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Agents and their Role in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background: Prasugrel and ticagrelor are two novel antiplatelet agents, which have been subject to large randomized trials to compare their efficacy with clopidogrel for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Aim: To conduct a systematic review of prasugrel and ticagrelor as alternative therapy to clopidogrel in patients who present with ACS undergoing PCI. Methods: The articles cited in this paper were searched on PubMed, MEDLINE, and Plymouth University’s Metalib database. The search terms used included “dual antiplatelet therapy”, “prasugrel”, “ticagrelor”, and “clopidogrel resistance”. Discussion: The main indications for the use of prasugrel based on current understanding are patients presenting with acute STEMI referred for primary PCI, ACS patients with DM, or those who have a high risk of stent thrombosis. Ticagrelor, on the other hand, may provide optimal benefit for patients with NSTEMI treated with conservative or invasive therapy, those with previous TIA or stroke, advanced age, or small body surface. Conclusion: Prasugrel and ticagrelor have been shown to be adequate P2Y 12 antiplatelet therapy alternatives to clopidogrel in the management of patients with ACS. While prasugrel and ticagrelor have both been shown to clinically improve platelet inhibition and significantly reduce the incidence of stent thrombosis compared with clopidogrel therapy, both increase the risk of a significant bleeding incident. Both ticagrelor and prasugrel have been shown to be appropriate and effective treatment alternatives for ACS patients who display clopidogrel treatment resistance or failure.
Revised version of physical education teachers’ self-efficacy scale

The aim of the study is to revised the validity and reliability of physical education teachers’ self-efficacy scale. Sample group of the study was consisted of 567 physical education teachers who is working in different geographic regions of Turkiye. In the study it was performed that explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis for determinin the subscales and construct validity. As the result of the analyses; 33 items whose factor loading values were over 0.57 were clustered under nine factors whose eigenvalues were greater than 1. It was found out that the percentage of variance explained by the nine factors was 78.362. When Cronbach Alpha internal consistency tests of the factors were analyzed, it was seen that α values of all factors were greater than 0.83. As a result; it is predicted that the scale can be used in a valid and reliable way in order to measure self-efficacy of the physical education teachers. Ozet Calismanin amaci, beden egitimi ogretmenlerinin oz-etkinligini olcmek icin bir olcek gelistirmektir. Arastirmanin orneklem grubunu, Turkiye'nin farkli cografi bolgelerinde calisan 567 beden egitimi ogretmeninden olusmustur. Aciklayici faktor analizi ve dogrulayici faktor analizi yapi gecerliligi icin yapilmistir ve alt olcekleri kuruldu. Analizlerin sonucu olarak; Kimin faktor yukleme degerleri 0,57 uzerinde olan ozdegerleri 1'den buyuk olmustur dokuz faktor tarafindan aciklanan varyans yuzdesi 78,36 oldugunu ogrendim dokuz faktor altinda kumelenmis 33 urun. Faktorlerin Cronbach Alfa ic tutarlilik testleri incelendiginde, tum faktorlerin α degerleri 0,83 daha fazla oldugu goruldu. Sonuc olarak; Bu olcek beden egitimi ogretmenlerinin mesleki kendine yeterliligini olcmek icin gecerli ve guvenilir bir sekilde kullanilabilecegi tahmin edilmektedir.
Identification of putative metabolic biomarker underlying cooked rice elongation

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for over half of the world’s population. However, rice grain quality is one of the major problems facing rice breeders across the world. Cooked rice elongation, cooked rice expansion, and water absorption have been identified as some of the parameters used in gauging rice grain quality. Biomarkers such as proteins or metabolites can be used to differentiate among a pattern of variations among various samples (e.g., various locations within a plant, various germplasm accessions); consequently, they present a type of internal validation for a given biological state. In the present study, we investigated the putative metabolite biomarkers associated with the variation of cooked rice elongation for Hua Jing Xian 74 (receptor), Basmati 370 (donor), and five hybrid lines resulting from a cross of these parent lines. We also investigated their cooked rice expansion and water absorption properties. After carrying out cooked rice elongation studies, metabolomics studies, correlation analyses, V-plot analyses, and thorough searches in public metabolite databases (Metlin, Massbank and KEGG), and in-house secondary metabolite database, we identified a metabolite with molecular weight of 280.25 and retention time of 6.4 min as a putative biomarker associated with cooked rice elongation in the varieties investigated. We also discovered that changes in cooked rice elongation and changes in cooked rice expansion follow a similar pattern; however, it appears that cooked rice elongation and cooked rice expansion do not affect water absorption in these rice lines. Our findings may facilitate the improvement of the cooked rice elongation of hybrids resulting from the crosses of Basmati 370 and Hua Jing Xian 74. Our results also offer interesting insight into cooked rice elongation, cooked rice expansion, and water absorption.
Investigation of Long Shaft Failure in John Deere 955 Grain Combine Harvester under Static Load

Shaft in combine is one of the most important components of transformer of power to the wheels. One of the main failures in combines is breaking shaft which repairmen refer it. For analyzing stress, a typical sample from a type of combine was selected, called JD955 combine. Long shaft in this combine was analyzed with finite element method by the generic package of Ansys13 under static load. Conducted analysis showed that there is a maximum stress in contact surfaces of indentations and also in place of changing diameter. Safety factor value is low in parts of the shaft and this increases the probability of failure at these points.
INCREASED VISIBLE-LIGHT PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF TiO2 VIA BAND GAP MANIPULATION

of Thesis . ii Acknowledgements . iv List of Tables . ix List of Figures . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Hydrogen Gas, Fuel . 1 1.2 Semiconductor . 1 1.3 Titanium Dioxide . 3 1.4 Solar Spectrum . 4 1.5 Methane Reforming . 5 1.6 Biomass Conversion . 7 1.7 Methanol Conversion . 7 1.7. 1 Methanol Oxidation . 8 1.7. 2 Methanol Steam Reforming . 8 1.7. 3 Methanol Oxidative Steam Reforming . 9 Chapter 2: Experiments. 10 2.1 Catalyst Synthesis . 10 2.1.1 Calcination Pre-Treatment . 10 2.1.2 Pore Volume Measurement . 10
Un-Locking Path Dependence to Build on an Innovative Firm's Absorptive Capacity

Using a sample of 893 SMEs over a ten year period, we test how firms may reduce the inefficiencies in their absorptive capacity (ACAP) due to path dependence. Our research shows that for frequent innovators, potential absorptive capacity (PACAP) has a greater effect than realized absorptive capacity (RACAP). The reverse is also true for firms that innovate infrequently. Greater conversion efficiency (η) between PACAP and RACAP is counterproductive for innovators, indicating they are better off enhancing PACAP. For infrequent innovators, efficiency is critically important. For firms to reduce the effects of path dependence, η must be lower i.e. they must expand their PACAP to alter effectively knowledge paths and routines. Finally, alliances may help further increase the effectiveness of η on path creation and innovative performance. Our research has notable implications for the types of ACAP that are relevant under different innovation regimes and how firms may reduce inefficiencies due to path dependence by emphasizing path creation. Guidelines developed from this research could potentially provide assistance in urging firms to develop the most beneficial types of ACAP, which could be a source of competitive advantage.
Application of dilution experiments for measuring growth and mortality rates among Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus populations in oligotrophic environments

Dilution experiments were used to examine growth and grazing mortality rates among Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus populations in the Sargasso Sea and California Current. In these experiments, deviation from linearity in the relationship between dilution and net growth rate was significant in a large number of cases. An alternative, more conservative approach for estimating growth and grazing mortality rates (independent of the shape of this relationship) was therefore employed. Growth rates estimated by this approach ranged from 0.32 to 0.76 and 0.37 to 0.67 d -1 for Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, respectively. Grazing mortality rates ranged from 0.25 to 0.85 and 0.13 to 0.51 d -1 , respectively. Cell-cycle-based growth rate estimates were consistent with these dilution-based rates. Nutrient amendment had little affect on picocyanobacterial growth rates, but did stimulate grazing mortality (and in some cases changed the apparent functional response of the grazer community) in a number of experiments. We hypothesize that improved food quality in nutri- ent-replete picoplankton cells may be responsible for these changes. Diel patterns of picocyanobac- terial abundance in the Sargasso Sea experiments suggest that grazing activity varied strongly over the diel cycle, with low grazing activity during the first half of the light period. Growth rate and abundance were not positively correlated among or within picocyanobacterial groups, as might be expected if physiologically mediated controls were the dominant forces regulating these populations.
Spike sorting based on PCA and improved fuzzy c-means

Yuyi , Zhaoyun, Liuhan ,Dong Bingchao, Li Zhenxin * 1 No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China 2 No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China 3 No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China 4 No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China 5 No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China yuyi@xxmu.edu. cn, zyyy90@163.com, liuhan0234@163.com, bchdong@163.com, lizhenxin200801@163.com
Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Changes in Non- and Antioxidant-Enzymatic Defense in Peppermint (Mentha piperita)

Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), a herbaceous and perennial species whichis produced mainly for the medicine and food. The peppermint plants were initiated from 10 cm-long rhizome cuttings followed by transferring into pots. The 48 h-treated plants with methyl jasmonate (MJ) concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5 mM) were assessed for their total soluble proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophylls a, b and total, anthocyanin, total carbohydrates, carotenoid, activity of antioxidant guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. The data were analyzed using completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Mean comparisons were carried out, using Duncan's multiple range test. MJ treatment caused significant changes in soluble proteins, chlorophylls (a, b and total), MDA, carbohydrates and antioxidant enzymes (SOD and POD) but had no effect on antocyanin and carotenoid. These results indicate that MJ can effectively improve the defense system and antioxidant capacity of peppermint.
Some comments about the existing theory of sound with comparison to the experimental research of vector effects in real-life acoustic near fields

Classical studies on the descriptions of acoustic field in an area of a near field, in accordance with the relations formulated by Kirchhoff, Huygens or Rayleigh's integral formula, are commonly known. It is also known that typical interference phenomena, such as diffraction and scattering of acoustic waves, appear in an acoustic field of the real sources as a result of mutual reactions of component waves. Today these vector effects of the acoustic wave occurring in the area of a near field can be simple measured directly with the use of a sound intensity technique. This article presents a few examples of the application of a sound intensity technique to the graphic presentation of the spatial distribution of the acoustic power flow over various geometrical shapes of structures located in a three-dimensional half space. The results of these studies contribute to the theory of sound and general knowledge about the physics of flow acoustic phenomena, especially in the near acoustic field. As a result of research, the visualization analysis of the sound intensity flux in 3D space is shown. The visualization of acoustic power flow in real-life acoustic fields can explain many particular energetic effects (scattering, vortex flow, shielding area, etc.), concerning areas where it is difficult to make numerical analysis.
Towards a Generic Reference Architecture for Mobile Applications

Mobile devices come with a number of challenges that affect the design of the software architecture for mobile applications. Some of these challenges can be resolved by reusable architectural solutions. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of a generic reference architecture for mobile devices by mapping reference model and architectural patterns. Volvo IT has an existing reference model used for construction of reference architecture for Java EE and . NET development tracks; we explore the possibility of utilizing the outcome of this study at this company by considering their reference model. Since the proposed solution does not focus on any mobile technology, this study can be continued in further design details by considering different mobile technologies.
First-Principles Calculations of Internal Friction of a Gaussian Chain

We consider internal friction of a Gaussian chain placed in vacuum. Dynamics of a single chain can be described by Langevin equation where the random force term comes from the random collisions of monomers among themselves. To nd the moment of these random forces, Gaussian distribution for chain conformation is used . Since collisions between monomers cause these forces, random forces on two monomers can be equal and opposite at the same time. Such correlation is exploited to nd friction constant for Fourier mode p. We show that this same mechanism of internal friction is also applicable for polymers in solution.
Tool for conducted EMI and filter design

In this paper a simulation tool that allows us to determine the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI), generated for the basic PFP converters (Cuk, buck, boost, buck-boost, sepic, and zeta converters) will be presented. Using this software, we can determine full EMI spectrum in dB//spl mu/V in accordance with the CISPR 16 standard. An EMI filter design methodology that allow us to accommodate the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by power factor correctors to international standards in the design step is also presented. Therefore, this can be an useful aid for power electronics designers.
Cointegration Versus Spurious Regression In Heterogeneous Panels

We consider the issue of cross sectional aggregation in nonstationary, heterogeneous panels where each unit cointegrates. We first derive the asymptotic properties of the aggregate estimate, and a necessary and sufficient condition for cointegration to hold in the aggregate relationship. We also develop an estimation and testing framework to verify whether the condition is met. Secondly, we analyze the case when cointegration doesn't carry through the aggregation process, investigating whether a mild violation can still lead to an aggregate estimator that summarizes the micro relationships reasonably well. We derive the asymptotic measure of the degree of non cointegration of the aggregated estimate and we provide estimation and testing procedures. A Monte Carlo exercise evaluates the small sample properties of the estimator. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
What are Ecosystem Services? The Need for Standardized Environmental Accounting Units

This paper advocates consistently defined units of account to measure the contributions of nature to human welfare. We argue that such units have to date not been defined by environmental accounting advocates and that the term "ecosystem services" is too ad hoc to be of practical use in welfare accounting. We propose a definition, rooted in economic principles, of ecosystem service units. A goal of these units is comparability with the definition of conventional goods and services found in GDP and the other national accounts. We illustrate our definition of ecological units of account with concrete examples. We also argue that these same units of account provide an architecture for environmental performance measurement by governments, conservancies, and environmental markets.