Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Nasal Deformity

Objective: This cross-sectional study utilizes 3-dimensional analysis to assess nasal morphology in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) compared to controls across the timeline of cleft care. Design: Retrospective comparative cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary pediatric academic institution. Patients and Participants: One hundred and twelve patients with BCLP and an equal number of age and sex-matched control participants. Main Outcome Measure(s): Nasolabial angle, nasal length, nasal protrusion, columella length, columella width, nasal tip width, alar width, and alar base width were collected at each time point. The measurements were collected pre-nasoalveolar molding (NAM) therapy, post-NAM therapy, post-primary cleft rhinoplasty, 1 year, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years of age. Results: Nasolabial angle and nasal tip width were significantly different from controls from pre-NAM through 15 years of age time points. Nasal length was not significantly different at any time point. Alar width and alar base width were significantly different from pre-NAM through 10 years of age time points. Nasal protrusion, columella length, and columella width were significantly different from pre-NAM through 5 years of age time points. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that three-dimensional photogrammetry is effective in assessing the changes in nasal morphology that occur throughout the course of care in patients with BCLP from before cleft lip repair to the completion of nasal growth.
Role of CD25 expression on prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia: A literature review and meta-analysis

The gene expression for interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (CD25/IL2RA) is frequently altered in adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Increasing evidence indicates that the elevated expression of CD25 may be correlated with poor survival for AML patients. Thus, we performed this meta-analysis to further evaluate the prognostic value of elevated CD25 in AML. Eligible studies were gathered by searching on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Using the R language 3.6. 0 software, Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)/relapse-free survival (RFS)/event-free survival (EFS) for total and subgroup analyses were calculated to investigate the association of elevated CD25 and outcomes of AML patients. Ten studies with a total of 1640 participants were enrolled in this meta-analysis. Pooled HRs suggested that overexpression of CD25 predicted poor outcomes on both OS (HR = 2.27, 95%CI 1.95–2.64) and DFS/RFS/EFS (HR = 1.77, 95%CI 1.44–2.17) in overall population. Subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity, AML subtype, cut-off value, statistical methodologies and detection method draw similar results. Our meta-analysis indicates that elevated CD25 expression is a poor prognostic factor for AML patients. Considering limited number of samples, further relevant studies are warranted.
Barriers and facilitators for the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people in refugee contexts globally: A scoping review

Background The need to address sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in humanitarian settings is more urgent than ever, especially among young refugees. We conducted a scoping review to identify and synthesise the literature on perceived barriers and facilitators to SRHR among young refugees and interventions created to address their needs. Methods We searched three databases (PubMed, Global Health and POPLINE) for peer-reviewed and grey literature published in English between January 2008 and June 2018 that reported on SRHR barriers, facilitators and interventions for young refugees aged 10 to 24 years. We extracted data using standardised templates and assessed the quality of studies according to study design. Data were charted using qualitative content analysis and organised in line with a socio-ecological framework (individual, social and community, institutional and health system, and structural). Findings We screened 1,169 records and included 30 publications (qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods) across 22 countries; 15 were peer-reviewed articles and 15 were from the grey literature. Twenty-two publications reported on young people in refugee camps or alternatives to camps (e.g. sustainable settlements), and eight referred to young refugees who had been resettled to a third country. We identified 19 sub-categories for barriers and 14 for facilitators at the individual, social and community, institutional and health system, and structural levels. No publications discussed the SRHR challenges faced by young homosexual, bisexual, transgender or queer refugees, or those living with HIV. Nine publications described interventions, which tended to focus on the provision of SRHR services and information, and the training of peers, parents, religious leaders and/or service providers. Conclusions Findings highlight that while young refugees experience similar barriers to SRHR as other young people, many of these barriers are exacerbated by the refugee context. The limited number of publications and evidence on interventions underlines the immediate need to invest in and evaluate SRHR interventions in refugee contexts.
Quantitative detection of economically important Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense strains in Africa in plants, soil and water

Banana is an important food crop and source of income in Africa. Sustainable production of banana, however, is at risk because of pests and diseases such as Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Foc can be disseminated from infested to disease-free fields in plant material, water and soil. Early detection of Foc using DNA technologies is thus required to accurately identify the fungus and prevent its further dissemination with plants, soil and water. In this study, quantitative (q)PCR assays were developed for the detection of Foc Lineage VI strains found in central and eastern Africa (Foc races 1 and 2), Foc TR4 (vegetative compatibility groups (VCG) 01213/16) that is present in Mozambique, and Foc STR4 (VCG 0120/15) that occurs in South Africa. A collection of 127 fungal isolates were selected for specificity testing, including endophytic Fusarium isolates from banana pseudostems, non-pathogenic F. oxysporum strains and Foc isolates representing the 24 VCGs in Foc. Primer sets that proved to be specific to Foc Lineage VI, Foc TR4 and Foc STR4 were used to produce standard curves for absolute quantification, and the qPCR assays were evaluated based on the quality of standard curves, repeatability and reproducibility, and limits of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD). The qPCR assays for Foc Lineage VI, TR4 and STR4 were repeatable and reproducible, with LOQ values of 10−3–10−4 ng/μL and a LOD of 10−4–10−5 ng/μL. The quantitative detection of Foc strains in Africa could reduce the time and improve the accuracy for identifying the Fusarium wilt pathogen from plants, water and soil on the continent.
The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI): Treatment Scales and Interpersonal Characteristics in a Sample of Men Charged with or Convicted of a Sexual Offense*

An individual's interpersonal features are pertinent to treatment within clinical populations. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) contains two scales that assess the interpersonal features of warmth (WRM) and dominance (DOM), as well as two additional measures to assess to treatment prediction, process, and rejection (RXR; TPI). The current study examined associations between these PAI scales in a sample of 92 men who underwent comprehensive evaluations of sexual behavior after being charged with or convicted of a sexual offense. Analyses indicated that RXR was positively associated with WRM and DOM, TPI was negatively associated with WRM, and the two interpersonal scales of WRM and DOM were positively correlated with each other. A significant inverse relationship was found between the two treatment scales RXR and TPI indicating that motivation for treatment may have a limited relationship with the treatment process. WRM significantly predicted scores on the TPI, and both WRM and DOM predicted individual scores on RXR. Higher scores on positive impression management (PIM) were predictive of lower TPI and higher RXR, as individuals with higher stakes cases may score higher on PIM and underreport obstacles within treatment or be unwilling to accept the need for treatment. Overall, findings suggest that interpersonal characteristics identified by the PAI scales may be advantageous in approaching treatment within this population.
Adherence of Female Health Care Workers to the Use a Web-Based Tool for Improving and Modifying Lifestyle: Prospective Target Group Pilot Study

Background Health care professionals are exposed to the psychological and physiological effects of stress, which is a well-known risk factor for various mental and physical health problems. Objective The aims of this study were to assess the adherence of female health care workers to use a web-based tool for improving and modifying lifestyle and to identify the potential factors influencing their adherence. Methods A prospective, observational study was performed. A total of 80 female health care workers (physicians and gradated nurses) from 2 university medical centers and female members of a family medicine society participated. Participants completed a questionnaire that inquired about their basic demographic data and physical fitness. Physical fitness was assessed by the Rockport Fitness Walking Test. Adherence to a web-based application (24@life) was followed for 3 months and the number of log-ins into the application was counted. Results The study was conducted from March to October 2019. Significantly high workload has been detected in all groups (P<.05), except in the general practitioner with normal workload group. The graduated nurse working in the surgery room group showed chronic stress with elevated S-cortisol levels (>690 nmol/L); activated cellular immune system with elevated concentrations of lymphocytes (reference 1.1-2.5 × 109 cells/L), CD3 cells (reference 0.7-1.9 × 109 cells/L), CD8 cells (reference 0.2-0.7 × 109 cells/L), and HLA-DR/CD3 cells (reference 0.04-0.2 × 109 cells/L); and the worst quality of sleep (mean 2.8 [SD 1.2]). Only 32 of 80 participants (40%) were adherent to the web-based application. Participants most frequently viewed web pages on areas of physical activity (497 times) and nutrition (332 times). No factors or participant’s characteristics such as weight (odds ratio [OR] 1.026, 95% CI 0.977-1.078), BMI (OR 0.993, 95% CI 0.834-1.184), age (OR 0.970, 95% CI 0.910-1.034), or stress level (OR 0.997, 95% CI 0.995-1.000) were identified to affect the adherence rates. Conclusions Female health care workers exposed to high workload did not find the web-based application useful for improving and modifying their lifestyle. Therefore, other strategies that might help health care workers facing stress and improve their lifestyle should be identified.
Accuracy of the Language Environment Analyses (LENATM) system for estimating child and adult speech in laboratory settings

Abstract Laboratory observations are a mainstay of language development research, but transcription is costly. We test whether speech recognition technology originally designed for day-long contexts can be usefully applied to this use-case. We compared automated adult word and child vocalization counts from Language Environment Analysis (LENATM) to those of transcribers in 20-minute play sessions with Spanish-speaking dyads (n = 104) at 1;7 and 2;2. For adult words, results indicated moderate associations but large absolute differences. Associations for child vocalizations were weaker with larger absolute discrepancies. LENA has moderate potential to ease the burden of transcription in some research and clinical applications.
Quadcopter Stability Increased by PID Adaptive Tuning

Today's World is getting more efficient in mail deliveries or other applications using autonomous vehicles as drones because of their improved performances. The quadcopter appertains to the drone family having the advantage of flying stability light weight and accurate maneuver-ability. This paper describes the design and the adaptive tuning for dynamic control of a quadcopter using PID control technique. The experimental tests show improved response related to the previous re-sults under the same input conditions
Postponement growth and antioxidative response of Brassica nigra on CuO and ZnO nanoparticles exposure under soil conditions.

Due to unique physiochemical properties, nanoparticles (NPs) have acquired substantial attention in the field of research. However, threats of ecotoxicity and phytotoxicity have limited their biological applications. In this study in vivo experiments were performed to determine the effect of CuO (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) and ZnO (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) NPs on growth, and antioxidant activities of Brassica nigra. The results showed that CuO NPs did not affect the seed germination while presence of ZnO NPs in the soil generated an inhibitory effect. Both CuO and ZnO NPs positively influenced the growth of stem and other physiological parameters i.e. stem height increased (23%) at 50 mg/kg CuO while root length decreased (up to 44%) with an increase in the concentration of NPs. Phytochemical screening of apical, middle and basal leaves showed elevated phenolic and flavonoid contents in the range of 15.3-59 μg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/mg Dry Weight (DW) and 10-35 μg Querceitin Equivalent (QE)/mg DW, respectively, in NPs-treated plants. Antioxidant activity was higher in CuO NPs-treated plants as compared to ZnO and control plants. Results conclude that CuO and ZnO NPs at low concentrations can be exploited as nanofertilisers in agriculture fields.
Cardiovascular health, genetic risk, and risk of dementia in the Framingham Heart Study

Objective To determine the joint role of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) and genetic risk on risk of dementia. Methods We categorized CVH on the basis of the American Heart Association Ideal CVH Index and genetic risk through a genetic risk score (GRS) of common genetic variants and the APOE ε4 genotype in 1,211 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) offspring cohort participants. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine the association between CVH, genetic risk, and incident all-cause dementia with up to 10 years of follow-up (mean 8.4 years, 96 incident dementia cases), adjusting for age, sex, and education. Results We observed that a high GRS (>80th percentile) was associated with a 2.6-fold risk of dementia (95% confidence interval [CI] of hazard ratio [HR] 1.23–5.29; p = 0.012) compared with having a low GRS (<20th percentile); carrying at least 1 APOE ε4 allele was associated with a 2.3-fold risk of dementia compared with not carrying an APOE ε4 allele (95% CI of HR 1.49–3.53; p = 0.0002), and having a favorable CVH showed a 0.45-fold lower risk of dementia (95% CI of HR 0.20–1.01; p = 0.0527) compared to having an unfavorable CVH when all 3 components were included in the model. We did not observe an interaction between CVH and GRS (p = 0.99) or APOE ε4 (p = 0.16). Conclusions We observed that both genetic risk and CVH contribute additively to dementia risk.
Insights into amyotrophic lateral sclerosis linked Pro525Arg mutation in the fused in sarcoma protein through in silico analysis and molecular dynamics simulation

Abstract A novel heterozygous mutation, Pro525Arg (P525R) in the Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) protein is predominant in young adult females with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). Investigation of the biophysical characteristics of this mutation through analysis of protein conformation could provide insights into the pathogenic mechanism of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, several computational prediction tools were applied to investigate the effect of P525R on the stability, flexibility, and function of FUS. Conservation and biochemical analyses showed that P525 is highly conserved; the mutation of proline to arginine at position 525 in FUS results in a notable increase in molecular weight, number of hydrogen bonds, and loss of hydrophobicity. By performing electrostatic potential, intra-protein interaction, and binding affinity analyses, we found increased electrostatic potential charge in the mutant protein and fewer hydrophobic interactions than the wild-type structure. Binding affinity of the FUS nuclear localization signal (NLS) mutant for transportin (Trn1) was also decreased compared to wild-type. Our molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results highlighted the exchange between hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues from the core to the surface in the mutant structure; also, upon P525R mutation, FUS became less stable, less flexible and more compact and rigid. Overall, this study demonstrated that the Pro525Arg mutation significantly alters the structure and conformation of FUS through loss of nuclear function, thereby likely contributing to its accumulation in the cytoplasm, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of fALS. Our study can potentially aid in the design of drugs for FUS-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Graphical Abstract Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
MODEL BASED SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (MBSE) IN DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: A FRAMEWORK FOR DEPLOYMENT

Projects continue to suffer schedule and cost overrun. One cause of this is the conflicting relationship between systems engineering and project management. The inherent nature of systems engineering is to work towards achieving requirements through an iterative process of design influencing and design change. Because of the unpredictable nature of this iterative process, projects are prone to failure. This is because the project management process cannot account for the unpredictable systems engineering process impact. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the research done on the constructive and proactive deployment of design methods to improve the performance of systems engineering within the development project environment. Research is underway as part of a PhD project to further defines the relationship between MBSE deployment and effective project execution in a complex design and construction environment. For the purpose of the research presented in part here design methods such as Systems Thinking, MBSE, Axiomatic Design, Agile Design will be collectively referred to as Structured Design methods. This is because they share a number of the key attributes beneficial to an optimized design process and successful project execution. Structured Design methods follow a predefined methodology with the objective of reducing risk and the number of unplanned design iterations. The research project reported on here in part will attempt to obtain empirical evidence to support these observations first through literature research then research questionnaires, interviews, case studies and system dynamic modelling. A framework for evaluating the deployment of structured design methods in development projects will be put forward as an artefact of the research project. Design science research will eventually be used to evaluate this framework. The framework presented for proactive deployment of structured design methods within a development project is based on a model based systems engineering methodology and incorporates a systems thinking approach. The research findings is expected to give guidance to systems engineering practitioners on how to assess structured design methods considered for implementation in development projects. The paper provides novel approach to the deployment of structured design methods.
Host range and mycotoxin production by Fusarium equiseti isolates originating from ginseng fields1

Fusarium equiseti is prevalent in soil and straw mulch in ginseng (Panax ginseng) fields in British Columbia and causes a reddish brown discolouration on ginseng roots. The pathogenicity of two isolates of F. equiseti from ginseng fields to other plant species belonging to different families was evaluated. Mycelial plugs and spore suspensions were used to inoculate seeds and roots in laboratory, growth room, and greenhouse experiments. Seed decay and reddish brown to black lesions were observed on hypocotyls and roots of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), bush bean (Phaseolus lunatus), broad bean (Vicia faba), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), and pea (Pisum sativum). A brownish discolouration and water-soaking symptoms developed on roots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), canola (Brassica napus), wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and oat (Avena sativa) seedlings. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), pepper (Capsicum annum), carrot (Daucus carota), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants did not exhibit any visible symptoms. Diseased tissues from several affected plant species contained the mycotoxins nivalenol and (or) zearalenone at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 11 ppm. This study shows that the host range of F. equiseti includes several members of the Leguminoseae, in addition to some cereals. The fungus may be one of the potential causes of damping-off and root rot on these plant species.
Recent advances in addressing vaccine hesitancy.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To offer healthcare providers current, evidence-based approaches for addressing vaccine hesitancy to increase vaccine coverage and reduce the frequency of vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks. RECENT FINDINGS Vaccine hesitancy is a growing problem with profound societal, economic, and medical consequences. Understanding the complexity of vaccine hesitancy can inform approaches to increasing vaccine uptake on both the individual and population levels. Notably, pediatricians play a critical role in increasing vaccine uptake due to their relationships with families. This doctor-patient relationship establishes trust and allows evidence-based intervention strategies to be effective in the office. Understanding potential solutions outside the office, such as media campaigns and policy changes, also provide insight into vaccine hesitancy and potential directions for future research. While pediatricians' attempts in the clinic to increase coverage remain crucial, vaccine hesitancy remains a formidable public health problem that requires attention on both the micro and macro levels to be addressed successfully. SUMMARY Providers have an opportunity to increase both confidence in and uptake of vaccines. Public health interventions would effectively complement strategies in the clinic to increase overall coverage.