Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimate Problems for Satellite Clusters

Accurate determination of the kinematic state of a spacecraft is quite important in order to correctly exploit its mission and to address payload operation. Such a determination can be a challenging task, especially if close spacecraft are involved or if certain mission phases (separation, rendezvous etc.) are considered. Traditional estimation is based on Kalman Filtering, in both the linear and the non linear (extended) versions. Progress in computation power allows to consider alternative approaches as the unscented transformation or the particle filters, possibly able to cope with critical" situation. All these techniques can be applied to the orbit determination of a single spacecraft, or repeated for all spacecraft belonging to a formation or cluster. Recent developments suggest that the estimation can take into account a sort of global motion of the spacecraft cluster, leading to the approach known as dense target tracking. In such a way, a number of bulk variables can be considered as acting on all involved satellite, or, alternatively, some variables related to a single satellite can be strictly related to the corresponding ones of the other bodies, therefore reducing the number of degrees of freedom for the system. These estimate techniques do not simply translate to iterating the single platform approach, and should apply quite well when an external observer, unaware of some system characteristics, is considered. The paper is aimed to consider these different techniques and their application to the orbital determination in formation flying. Algorithms implemented in extensive numerical simulations are reported, and relevant performances, both in accuracy and in computation time, are discussed. The possibility to include a "global motion" concept, leading to dense target tracking, is investigated.
O impacto do suporte organizacional e do comprometimento afetivo sobre a rotatividade

A perda de talentos para empresas concorrentes e uma situacao que pode influenciar, negativamente, a competitividade e estrategias das organizacoes. Assim, a retencao dos colaboradores e uma das preocupacoes dos gestores destes negocios como uma forma de manutencao do desempenho atual. Entretanto, sabe-se que a intencao individual de sair da organizacao, ou intencao de rotatividade, pode ser motivada por fatores antecedentes individuais distintos. O foco deste estudo e avaliar se as percepcoes individuais sobre o suporte organizacional e comprometimento dos colaboradores como inibidores da intencao de rotatividade podem estar relacionadas. Por meio de uma pesquisa quantitativa aplicada a 132 profissionais , os resultados obtidos demonstraram que percepcao de suporte organizacional e o comprometimento organizacional sao preditores diretos de intencao de rotatividade. As variaveis genero, idade, tempo de trabalho e chefia nao apresentaram influencias significantes e, portanto, nao e possivel afirmar que podem ser considerados como fatores antecedentes de intencao de rotatividade. Os resultados foram discutidos a luz da literatura da area, tendo sido comparados com resultados de outros estudos empiricos.
What Limits Bacterial Production in the Suboxic Region of Permanently Ice-Covered Lake Bonney, Antarctica?

Bacterial production assays (thymidine incorporation rates) were used to evaluate the activity of heterotrophic bacteria at the chemocline region in both the East (ELB) and West (WLB) Lobes of permanently ice-covered Lake Bonney, in the Taylor Valley of Antarctica. The magnitude of activity varied dramatically within the depth interval of 1 to 2 m from moderate to very low levels below the chemocline, especially in the East Lobe, where chemical distributions indicate the absence of a normally functioning nitrogen cycle. Several parameters (e.g. addition of nutrients or chelators, dilution) were manipulated in incubation experiments in order to identify factors that would enhance activity in the suboxic deep waters of the East Lobe. Activity, in terms of thymidine incorporation, was consistently detected in the deep-water communities, implying that, although the water may be 'toxic', the cells remain viable. None of the treatments resulted in consistent enhancement of thymi- dine incorporation rates in samples from below the chemocline. Bacterial populations above the chemocline appear to be phosphorus-limited. The nature of the limitation, toxicity or inhibition that limits bacterial activity in the suboxic waters has not been identified.
The mechanics of breathing in different body positions. II. In cardiopulmonary disease.

The technic described in the previous paper has been employed throughout the study. It consists essentially of measuring intraesophageal pressures, air flow rates and volume changes simultaneously and continuously throughout the respiratory cycle. From these measurements, compliance (volume change per unit pressure change expressed as L. per cm. H,0) and mechanical resistance (pressure necessary to obtain a given flow rate, expressed in cm. per L. per sec.) have been determined in the different body positions and at different respiratory rates. Mechanical resistance is reported as the mean mechanical resistance of the inspiratory and expiratory phases of the respiratory cycle. In addition, vital capacities were determined with a Benedict-Roth type spirometer, maximal breathing capacities with a low resistance Rudolph valve and a Douglas bag during a 15-second period, and residual volume and intrapulmonary mixing by Darling's seven-minute nitrogen washout method. These tests were carried out in the sitting position. Arterial blood gases, obtained from the brachial artery, were determined with the van Slyke technic, pH with a Cambridge Research Model pH Meter and pCO, by Hasting and Singer's Nomogram. The first group of patients consisted of twelve subjects whose predominant disease was chronic pulmonary emphysema. The second group was composed of various cardiopulmonary diseases. Each patient was studied in at least two positions at slow and rapid respiratory rates. The rates were selected according to the condition of the patient. The physical characteristics of the patients together with their diagnosis and the results of routine pulmonary function tests appear in Tables Ia and Ib. Patients M. N. and H. P. were studied on two separate occasions during different degrees of disability.
Radial force and vibration in surface-mounted permanent magnet vernier machines

This paper mainly deal with the radial force and vibration of the surface-mounted permanent magnet vernier machine (SPMVM) with the integer slot distributed windings (ISDW) and the fractional-slot concentrated windings (FSCW). The harmonic order and frequency of the radial force in SPMVM with the permanent magnet surface-mounted on rotor or stator tooth are detailed discussed by the analytical and finite-element analysis (FEA) methods. A prototype is built to validate the analysis of radial force and investigate the effect of the low-order harmonic radial force on vibration in SPMVM.
Recommended immunization schedules for adults: Clinical practice guidelines by the Escmid Vaccine Study Group (EVASG), European Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) and the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid)

ABSTRACT Rapid population aging has become a major challenge in the industrialized world and progressive aging is a key reason for making improvement in vaccination a cornerstone of public health strategy. An increase in age-related disorders and conditions is likely to be seen in the near future, and these are risk factors for the occurrence of a number of vaccine-preventable diseases. An improvement in infectious diseases prevention specifically aimed at adults and the elderly can therefore also decrease the burden of these chronic conditions by reducing morbidity, disability, hospital admissions, health costs, mortality rates and, perhaps most importantly, by improving the quality of life. Among adults, it is necessary to identify groups at increased risk of vaccine-preventable diseases and highlight the epidemiological impact and benefits of vaccinations using an evidence-based approach. This document provides clinical practice guidance on immunization for adults in order to provide recommendations for decision makers and healthcare workers in Europe. Although immunization is considered one of the most impactful and cost-effective public health measures that can be undertaken, vaccination coverage rates among adults are largely lower than the stated goal of ≥ 95% among adults, and stronger efforts are needed to increase coverage in this population. Active surveillance of adult vaccine-preventable diseases, determining the effectiveness of the vaccines approved for marketing in the last 5 y, the efficacy and safety of vaccines in immunocompromised patients, as well as in pregnant women, represent the priorities for future research.
A new class of efficient Piecewise nonlinear Chaotic Maps for secure cryptosystems

In this paper we construct a new class of nonlinear chaotic maps for secure cryptosystems. These maps can overcome the security holes brought by the “piecewise linearity” of the previous Piecewise Linear Chaotic Maps (PWLCM) due to a fact that the chaotic sequences generated by the derived iterative system based on the proposed maps are proved to have perfect dynamic properties, such as uniform invariant distribution, δ-like autocorrelation function etc. Furthermore, the relative quantized two-value sequences also have perfect secure statistical characteristics. In terms of computing speed, the proposed maps have faster speed than the recently proposed nonlinear “piecewise-square-root” maps (PSRM), and they actually have equivalently the same computing speed with the linear PWLCM.
CD14 and Complement Crosstalk and Largely Mediate the Transcriptional Response to Escherichia coli in Human Whole Blood as Revealed by DNA Microarray

Systemic inflammation like in sepsis is still lacking specific diagnostic markers and effective therapeutics. The first line of defense against intruding pathogens and endogenous damage signals is pattern recognition by e.g., complement and Toll-like receptors (TLR). Combined inhibition of a key complement component (C3 and C5) and TLR-co-receptor CD14 has been shown to attenuate certain systemic inflammatory responses. Using DNA microarray and gene annotation analyses, we aimed to decipher the effect of combined inhibition of C3 and CD14 on the transcriptional response to bacterial challenge in human whole blood. Importantly, combined inhibition reversed the transcriptional changes of 70% of the 2335 genes which significantly responded to heat-inactivated Escherichia coli by on average 80%. Single inhibition was less efficient (p<0.001) but revealed a suppressive effect of C3 on 21% of the responding genes which was partially counteracted by CD14. Furthermore, CD14 dependency of the Escherichia coli-induced response was increased in C5-deficient compared to C5-sufficient blood. The observed crucial distinct and synergistic roles for complement and CD14 on the transcriptional level correspond to their broad impact on the inflammatory response in human blood, and their combined inhibition may become inevitable in the early treatment of acute systemic inflammation.
Happy or Moody ? Why so ? Monitoring Daily Routines at Work and Inferring Their Influence on Mood

Technological advancements afford monitoring domains of people’s behavior more precisely than a human observer is able to, allowing health-related sciences to benefit in various ways. We aim to employ technology to acquire more detailed information about workers’ behavior and to find its correlation with mood states. In current literature, daily mood variation and its determinants are often examined but solely relying on self-rating questionnaires for reporting activities. By exploiting technology to monitor individuals’ daily routines at work, we attempt to find precursors of mood states and to create persuasive interventions in order to improve workers’ well-being.
Impact of caries onset on number and distribution of new lesions in preschool children.

BACKGROUND Caries in preschool children remains an important public health issue. AIM To determine (i) which teeth and tooth surfaces are most susceptible to dental caries by age 3, (ii) where do caries lesions develop during 2-year follow-up, and (iii) to evaluate the impact of caries onset on the distribution of new caries experience. DESIGN One thousand and fifty seven consecutively born children were recruited in Flanders (Belgium). Parents completed validated questionnaires on oral health-related behaviour and trained dentists examined the children at ages 3 and 5. RESULTS Children with visible caries experience at age 3 were significantly more vulnerable in developing additional caries during follow-up. In this group, new caries experience developed primarily in the occlusal and distal surfaces of the mandibular first molars and the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary second and first molars, whereas in the caries-free group, the occlusal surfaces of both mandibular and maxillary second molars ranked first. CONCLUSIONS This paper confirms the higher vulnerability for further caries development in those children with caries experience at age 3. Visible caries develops most frequently in the occlusal surfaces of the second molars: in high-risk children already by age 3 and in children who were caries free at baseline by age 5.
Automated Hierarchical POMDP Construction through Data-mining Techniques

Markov models provide a useful representation of system behavioral actions and state observations, but they do not scale well. Utilizing a hierarchy and abstraction as in HHMMs improves scalability, but they are usually constructed manually using knowledge engineering techniques. In this paper, we introduce a new method of automatically constructing HHMMs and subsequent hierarchical POMDPs using the output of a sequential data-mining algorithm. We present the theory of this technique and frame it in a case study involving a learn-
β‐Hairpin folding and stability: molecular dynamics simulations of designed peptides in aqueous solution

The structural properties of a 10‐residue and a 15‐residue peptide in aqueous solution were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The two designed peptides, SYINSDGTWT and SESYINSDGTWTVTE, had been studied previously by NMR at 278 K and the resulting model structures were classified as 3:5 β‐hairpins with a type I + G1 β‐bulge turn. In simulations at 278 K, starting from the NMR model structure, the 3:5 β‐hairpin conformers proved to be stable over the time period evaluated (30 ns). Starting from an extended conformation, simulations of the decapeptide at 278 K, 323 K and 353 K were also performed to study folding. Over the relatively short time scales explored (30 ns at 278 K and 323 K, 56 ns at 353 K), folding to the 3:5 β‐hairpin could only be observed at 353 K. At this temperature, the collapse to β‐hairpin‐like conformations is very fast. The conformational space accessible to the peptide is entirely dominated by loop structures with different degrees of β‐hairpin character. The transitions between different types of ordered loops and β‐hairpins occur through two unstructured loop conformations stabilized by a single side‐chain interaction between Tyr2 and Trp9, which facilitates the changes of the hydrogen‐bond register. In agreement with previous experimental results, β‐hairpin formation is initially driven by the bending propensity of the turn segment. Nevertheless, the fine organization of the turn region appears to be a late event in the folding process. Copyright © 2004 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Recently Evolved Sublineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Strain Family Is Associated with an Increased Ability to Spread and Cause Disease

ABSTRACT This study aimed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to test the hypothesis that evolution has influenced the ability of the Beijing strains within the different Beijing sublineages to spread and cause disease. A PCR-based method was used to analyze the genome structure of 40 different loci in 325 Beijing isolates collected from new and retreatment tuberculosis patients from an urban setting and 270 Beijing isolates collected from high-risk tuberculosis patients from a rural setting in the Western Cape, South Africa. The resulting data were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using the neighbor joining algorithm. Phylogenetic reconstructions were highly congruent with the “gold standard” phylogenetic tree based on synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms, thereby allowing a prediction of the order in which the evolutionary events had occurred. A total of seven independently evolving Beijing sublineages were identified. Analysis of epidemiological data in relation to the Beijing sublineage suggested an association between recent evolutionary change and frequency of occurrence in an urban population (P < 0.001) as well as in the rural population (P < 0.001). This concept was further supported by an association between more recently evolved Beijing strains and an increased ability to transmit and to cause disease (odds ratio, 5.82; 95% confidence interval, 3.13 to 10.82 [P < 0.001]). An association between Beijing sublineage and demographic and clinical parameters and drug resistance could not be demonstrated. From these data, we suggest that the pathogenic characteristics of Beijing strains are not conserved but rather that strains within individual lineages have evolved unique pathogenic characteristics.
Efficacy of aprepitant in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell support

Purpose. This study describes the efficacy of aprepitant in preventing nausea and vomiting associated with high-dose chemotherapy in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. Our hypothesis is the addition of aprepitant to 5-HT3 antagonists and dexamethasone would result in a 20% increase in complete response (CR) rates compared to CR rates from published studies evaluating antiemetic regimens without aprepitant. Methods. Adult HSCT patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy and aprepitant as part of their antiemetic regimen were included following written informed consent. CR was defined as no emesis, none to mild nausea, and no breakthrough antiemetic use. Daily patient diaries were used on days 1 through 7 following high-dose chemotherapy to collect severity of nausea, emetic episodes, breakthrough antiemetic use, and any antiemetic related side effects. Results. We accrued a total of 42 patients. CR rates ranged from 42.9% to 73.8% for the 7 days. The average CR rate for days 1 through 7 was 54%. Fourteen patients (33%) maintained a complete emetic response on each of the 7 days. The average CR rate for published studies in HSCT patients receiving an antiemetic regimen without aprepitant is 57%. Most common adverse effects reported by patients receiving aprepitant were hiccups (33%) and drowsiness (33%). Conclusions. The addition of aprepitant failed to meet our primary endpoint of increasing CR rates by 20%. The lower than expected CR rate was attributed to use of breakthrough antiemetics. Aprepitant did result in preventing emesis in the majority of patients and was associated with minimal side effects.
Design of indirect AC-AC converter based on linear controller for power systems

This paper proposes an indirect AC-AC converter based on linear controller and analyzing the variations in input supply and load demands. The proposed converter has controlled by a three-phase switch to achieve the optimal AC frequency. The proposed converter has dramatically reduced the output voltage ripples and sustains the voltage stability when connected with different loads. As a result, the proposed converter provides high output stability.
Electroporation of salmon sperm for gene transfer: Efficiency, reliability, and fate of transgene

Uptake of exogenous DNA by electroporated salmon sperm for gene transfer is being investigated. Our studies show that electroporated salmon sperm cells were more efficient and more reliable than untreated sperm in picking up exogenous DNA and subsequently transferring the DNA into salmon embryos. Indirect evidence suggest that some of the exogenous DNA was internalized in the sperm nuclei. The taken up DNA retained its integrity as demonstrated by PCR. The foreign DNA was detected in 15‐month‐old fish, and had a mosaic pattern of distribution. Integration of the foreign DNA occurred infrequently, and the expression of the foreign genes was poor. The potential of sperm‐mediated gene transfer as a routine protocol for mass gene transfer in salmon will be dependent on the improvement of integration and expression of the foreign gene. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 56:285–288, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Applications of 5S rDNA in Atlantic salmon, brown trout, and in Atlantic salmon brown trout hybrid identification

The members of the salmonid family form perhaps the most economically important group of the world’s fish species. In Europe the most important species employed in fish farming are the introduced rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salnr), whereas interest in the brown trout (Salmo trufta) is based on its ecological diversity and sport fishing. These two Salmo species are very difficult to distinguish using morphological characters, not only during their first months of life (eggs and alevins) but also at the returning adult stage. Isoenzyme genetic analysis, which has usually been used for their identification, has often demonstrated that anglers have confused adults of brown trout with Atlantic salmon, or with salmon x trout hybrids (Leaniz & Verspoor 1989). Caution must therefore be taken in enhancement programmes since the artificial spawning of adults caught in the river could lead to restocking with salmon x trout hybrids. Another area of interest is the identification of manufactured products of these species (i.e. smoked). Genetic analysis potentially provides the only reliable method to unambiguously determine their species identity. In addition, the genetic marker employed should be a nuclear marker if interspe cific hybrids among these species have to be recognized. From a practical point of view, the procedure chosen must be fast, extremely robust, and be able to utilize tiny quantities of any tissue. This last requirement excludes most isoenzyme techniques. At present, PCR-based methodologies constitute the most reliable techniques available for this purpose. Most of these approaches are, however, based on the use of conserved mitochondria1 DNA primers (for the cytochrome b gene) and sequencing of the amplified fragment (Paabo et al. 1989; Bartlett h Davidson 1992). Instead, we have focused on the 5s