Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A linear programming-based approach to estimate discrete probability functions with given quantiles

The aim of this paper is to estimate probability distribution functions with maximum entropy and known quantiles. The paper formulates the problem as a nonlinear optimization problem, and converts it into a system of nonlinear equations by Lagrange multipliers method. Finally, an efficient method is proposed to obtain a solution of the nonlinear system. The method needs to solve a linear programming problem in each iteration. Since linear programming problems can be solved in a reasonable time, our proposed method is faster than generic methods of solving nonlinear programming problems. Several computational experiment are provided to demonstrate the performance and validation of our proposed method.
1,4 Butanesultone Functionalized Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Efficient Catalysts for the One-Pot Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridine and Polyhydroquinoline Derivative through Hantzsch Reaction

Abstract In this research, covalently linked sulfonic acid (SO3H) modified g-C3N4 nanosheet (CNNs) catalysts was prepared. For this purpose, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNs) were successfully synthesized. By the reaction of synthesized CNNs with 1,4-butane-sultone, CNNs-Bu-SO3H organocatalyst was produced. The synthesized organocatalyst was characterized by FTIR, EDS, XRD, FESEM, and TGA analysis. The catalytic efficiency of the CNNs-Bu–SO3H was explored for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine and polyhydroquinoline derivatives. The synthesized organocatalyst exhibits good thermal stability, high acidity and could be used up to five reaction cycles without a noticeable decrease in catalytic activity.
Grain segmentation of sandstone images based on convolutional neural networks and weighted fuzzy clustering

: Grain segmentation of sandstone images is to partition the images into non-overlapping regions, each of which is an independent mineral grain. However, a sandstone image usually contains hundreds of mineral grains and complicated micro-structures, which makes current segmentation methods inefficient. In this study, the authors propose a three-stage framework for the automatic segmentation of sandstone images. In the first stage, the input sandstone images are pre-segmented into over-segmented mineral superpixels. In the second stage, the instance-independent features are extracted by a specially designed convolutional neural network, and the instance-aware features are extracted by computing histogram statistics and Gabor responses of mineral superpixels. In the third stage, a novel weighted fuzzy clustering algorithm is proposed to cluster the mineral superpixels into different classes, afterwards the adjacent mineral superpixels are merged to yield the complete minerals according to their classes. The experimental results conducted on the sandstone image datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which evidently outperform the state-of-the-art segmentation methods.
A framework for fostering transparency in shared artificial intelligence models by increasing visibility of contributions

Increased adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) systems into scientific workflows will result in an increasing technical debt as the distance between the data scientists and engineers who develop AI system components and scientists, researchers and other users grows. This could quickly become problematic, particularly where guidance or regulations change and once‐acceptable best practice becomes outdated, or where data sources are later discredited as biased or inaccurate. This paper presents a novel method for deriving a quantifiable metric capable of ranking the overall transparency of the process pipelines used to generate AI systems, such that users, auditors and other stakeholders can gain confidence that they will be able to validate and trust the data sources and contributors in the AI systems that they rely on. The methodology for calculating the metric, and the type of criteria that could be used to make judgements on the visibility of contributions to systems are evaluated through models published at ModelHub and PyTorch Hub, popular archives for sharing science resources, and is found to be helpful in driving consideration of the contributions made to generating AI systems and approaches toward effective documentation and improving transparency in machine learning assets shared within scientific communities.
Microwave‐assisted synthesis, characterization, biotoxicity and antispermatogenic activity of some antimony(III) complexes with N∩O and N∩S donor ligands

New series of phenylantimony chloride and antimony chloride with Schiff base ligands, L1H and L2H having N∩S and N∩O donor systems were synthesized under microwave irradiation using a domestic microwave oven. The reaction time was brought down from hours to a few seconds with improved yield as compared with conventional heating. All the ligands and their antimony(III) derivatives were characterized on the basis of microanalysis, elemental analyses, molecular weight determinations and spectral studies including IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and electronic spectral studies. A distorted trigonal bipyramidal and pseudo-octahedral geometry around the antimony atom was tentatively proposed for these derivatives. The compounds were screened in vitro against bacteria and fungi to test their antimicrobial property and in vivo in male albino rats to test their antifertility properties. The treatment with the ligands and their phenylantimony derivatives at dose levels of 20 mg per rat per day did not cause any significant change in body weight, but a significant reduction in the weights of reproductive organs was observed. Arrest of spermatogenesis was noted at various stages with production of primary spermatocytes (preleptotene and pachytene), secondary spermatocytes and step-19 spermatids found to be decreased. Biochemical parameters of tissues, i.e. protein, sialic acid, cholesterol content of testes and seminal vesicular fructose also showed significant reduction. Further, the serum testosterone concentrations were also decreased after treatment with ligands and their antimony(III) derivatives. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The use of tissue cultures in the mass production of Heuchera‘Silver Scrolls’

The use of tissue cultures in the mass production of Heuchera ‘Silver Scrolls’. Heuchera is one of the most important decorative perennials, present in garden, city and park plantings. In recent years, it has also gained importance as a plant for pot compositions, and as a floristic material. The aim of this work is to present an effective protocol for the intensification of the production of Heuchera ‘Silver Scrolls’ in tissue cultures. The effect of the macroelement composition from three types of medium: MS (Murashige and Skoog), QL (Quoirin and Lepoivre), and DKW (Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut) was checked, while the microelements and vitamins in all the treatments were according to the MS recipe. The effect of four concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg·L–1) of cytokinins: benzyladenine (BA) and meta-Topolin (mT) on the number and length of shoots was evaluated. Also the effect of different concentrations of auxins: IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) or NAA (1-naphthylacetic acid) on the percentage of rooted cuttings as well as the number and length of roots was determined. The last culture phase was the acclimatization in a greenhouse. The media and the growth regulators significantly affected the rate of propagation in the coral bells. The highest shoot number was obtained on the modified QL with BA, while NAA gave better results of rooting than IBA. Optimal conditions for micropropagation allow to obtain approx. 10,000 microplants from a single explant during the three months of culture.
Flash Memory Array for Efficient Implementation of Deep Neural Networks

The advancement of artificial intelligence applications is promoted by developing deep neural networks (DNNs) with increasing sizes and putting forward higher computing power requirements of the processing devices. However, due to the process scaling of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology approaches to the end and the bottleneck of data transmission in the von‐Neumann architecture, traditional processing devices are increasingly challenging to meet the requirements of deeper and deeper neural networks. In‐memory computing based on nonvolatile memories has emerged as one of the most promising solutions to overcome the bottleneck of data transmission in the von‐Neumann architecture. Herein, systematic implementation of the novel flash memory array‐based in‐memory computing paradigm for DNNs from the device level to the architecture level is presented. The methodology to construct multiplication‐and‐accumulation units with different structures, hardware implementation schemes of various neural networks, and the discussion of reliability are included. The results show the hardware implementations of the flash memory array‐based in‐memory computing paradigm for DNN own excellent characteristics such as low‐cost, high computing flexibility, and high robustness. With these advantages, in‐memory computing paradigms based on flash memory arrays show significant benefits to achieve high scalability and DNNs’ energy efficiency.
Fiscal Scam Illuminating Through Analyzing Human Behaviour

Of these days, money fraud is turning into the employment of criminal practices wherever they will get involved, from senior managers till payroll workers, turning into a criminal sin. There are a vast number of methods that came into existence to analyze, find, and stop this behavior, which is the primary essential thing that is the fraud triangle linked with the standard evidence information model. By performing this study, a review of the connection works among the current literature was administered to build our framework. From this perspective, this paper explains about deception grasp; this framework allows the quality and exactness and disarray of people within a banking association who consign deception, reinforced by the fraud or deception triangle concept. This approach works amongst the permanent review, which can be liable for aggregating the agents to put into user’s assistance and encourage cybersecurity and the dropping of causes linked to financial fraud.
Surface bubble coalescence

Abstract We present an experimental study of bubble coalescence at an air–water interface and characterize the evolution of both the underwater neck and the surface bridge. We explore a wide range of Bond number, $Bo$, which compares gravity and capillary forces and is a dimensionless measure of the free surface's effect on bubble geometry. The nearly spherical $Bo\ll 1$ bubbles exhibit the same inertial–capillary growth of the classic underwater dynamics, with limited upper surface displacement. For $Bo>1$, the bubbles are non-spherical – residing predominantly above the free surface – and, while an inertial–capillary scaling for the underwater neck growth is still observed, the controlling length scale is defined by the curvature of the bubbles near their contact region. With it, an inertial–capillary scaling collapses the neck contours across all Bond numbers to a universal shape. Finally, we characterize the upper surface with a simple oscillatory model which balances capillary forces and the inertia of liquid trapped at the centre of the liquid-film surface.
Effect of Acute Psychological Stress on Motion-in-Depth Perception: An Event-Related Potential Study

The present study explored the intrinsic event-related potential (ERP) features of the effects of acute psychological stress on the processing of motion-in-depth perception using a dual-task paradigm. After a mental arithmetic task was used to induce acute psychological stress, a collision task was used to evaluate motion-in-depth perception. The error value and average amplitude of late slow waves (SW) were significantly larger for the earlier colliding spheres’ than for the later colliding spheres. The P1 peak latency in the left occipital region was significantly shorter than that of the right occipital region in the motion-in-depth perception task. Compared to the control condition, the estimated value of residual time-to-collision and error value were significantly reduced, and the N1 peak amplitude and the SW averaged amplitude were significantly increased in the stress condition. Longer motion-in-depth time improved discrimination accuracy and decreased the investment of cognitive resources. Acute psychological stress increased behavioral performance and enhanced attention resources on the motion-in-depth perception task together with greater investment of cognitive resources.
Using Structural Equation Modeling to Evaluate Tourists’ Revisit Intention toward Ecotourism Sites

This study aims to clarify the relationship between three behaviours toward ecotourism sites include “ecotourism attitude,” “ecotourism experience,” and “revisit intention. ” The structural equation modeling was used to evaluate how the attitude of ecotourism and the visit experience impact the tourists’ revisit intention. The analysis indicated that three constructs logically are suitable for the research direction after the test of the validity of measurement models. The structural model revealed that both “ecotourism attitude” and “ecotourism experience” positively influence “revisit intention. ” Especially, “experience” also plays as a mediator, which causes the indirect effect of ecotourism attitude on revisit intention. Keywords: Ecotourism attitude; Ecotourism experience; Revisit intention. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15. 2459.
Estimation of margin of safety for Korean TMDL development

The Clean Water Act in the US requires that total daily maximum loads) (TMDLs) shall be established with an assessment of the impact of seasonal variations and of the uncertainty in quantification methods to account for lack of knowledge concerning the relationship between effluent limitations and water quality. Due to uncertainties in model structure and/or model parameters in addition to natural and seasonal variability of forcing functions, estimation of waste loads in a TMDL analysis requires a margin of safety (MOS). The margin of safety is typically incorporated implicitly through conservative assumptions used to develop the TMDL or added explicitly as a separate component of the TMDL. For successful TMDL development, accurate and appropriate predictions of waste loads from a watershed and the variation of water quality in a water body are essential. This paper summarizes the estimation process of the MOS in the Nakdong River, Korea considering variability in observed data and the uncertainty in the model. Approved TMDL reports in eight northeastern states in US were used for guidance.
Analysis and Development of Adaptive Protection Scheme for Meshed Distribution Network

Integration of Distributed Generations (DGs) at distribution network levels have changed the structure from being radial to mesh; thereby causing fault currents to be fed from all the sources connected to the network. Another operational requirement is that DGs can get disconnected from the network due to disturbances or maintenance requirements leading to new network topology. This research work has, therefore, proposed an adaptive protection scheme that relies on modern communication infrastructure for its implementation, after optimally siting and sizing of DG and investigation of impact of DG on the protection system and reliability of the system. Herein, modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) has been deployed for the optimal relay parameters values (operation time, pick up current and time dial settings). Standard communication protocol (IEC 61850) has been chosen to facilitate the communication amongst the various devices in the adaptive protection framework developed.
Glenoid Bone Grafting Procedures in the Treatment of Anterior Shoulder Instability With Bone Defect: When to Indicate? Protocol for a Systematic Review

Paulo Henrique Schmidt Lara (  phslara@gmail.com ) Federal University of Sao Paulo: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-16232071 Leandro Masini Ribeiro Federal University of Sao Paulo: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Alberto de Castro Pochini Federal University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Campus: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Campus Sao Paulo Carlos Vicente Andreoli Federal University of Sao Paulo: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Paulo Santoro Belangero Federal University of Sao Paulo: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Benno Ejnisman Federal University of Sao Paulo Paulista Medical School: Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina
ECO Friendly Mask Guide for Corona Prevention

At present, every live human being is worrying of COVID-19 and its varying forms to be attacked and its consequences. To invent the drug and vaccine, it is becoming a harder task that makes people hard to survive with this disease. Many people are getting this covid-19 because of contaminated environment as well as un-disciplinary actions. To avoid the spreading of COVID-19, the populace has to be aware with several sectors such as use of sanitizer, drinking of hot water, having of nutrition drink and hygiene food, and last but not the least consumption of immunity boosters. In this paper, we focus on developing an eco-friendly mask which not only prevents against COVID-19 but also purifies the air intake. The objective of this invention is to fight efficiently against COVID-19 pandemic in terms of preventing the spreading of Corona virus. The performance of this mask is validated against the conventional mask by considering and its maintenance will judge the success of this in the global mass society. Not only to face COVID, but also to face the pandemics to be raised in the future too. Hence, the proposed materialistic method using corona sensor will guide about corona surfaces and objects in the surrounding environment.
Approaching the dream as a question: A self-analytical exploration on the expressive functions of dreams

ABSTRACT The author suggests that dreams are an expressive means through which the psychic apparatus delineates, construes and communicates an issue it is faced with. It is shown that there are substantial differences between this approach and more classical understandings of the nature and function of dreaming. Instead of laying emphasis on dream work as a defence system or as outlets of unconscious drives, the author highlights two further aspects of dreaming: (1) that in and through dreaming the psychic apparatus has developed a specific capacity to identify and express questions, problems and emotional experiences with which it is confronted, in a complex spiral and vertiginous way, as described in the paper; (2) that dreams encapsulate kernels of experience into “engrams” by constantly searching for ways of addressing and readdressing emotional experience.
Mobile Technologies, Digital Financing and Access to Solar Energy in Uganda

This study sought to examine the factors that contribute to solar energy access in Uganda. The study examined the relationships between Mobile Technologies, Digital Financing, and access to solar energy in Uganda. The researchers used a cross-sectional quantitative survey design to analyse the relationships between the variables. The study was undertaken in Mbale District; owing to the fact that it has the highest population in Eastern Uganda, and one of the highest up take of mobile phone-enabled micro-solar systems (2-20W and less). A population of 50,000 respondents, comprising of active subscribers of MTN Mobile Money and Airtel Money micro-solar systems was studied. A sample size of 384 respondents was selected using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table. A structured questionnaire was administered to respondents who included subscribers of micro-solar systems in the area of study. 270 usable questionnaires were collected from the field giving a response rate of . 703 (70%). Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The coefficients of correlation, regression, and exploratory factor analysis were used to analyse the findings. Data from the study indicated strong positive relationships between Mobile ICTs, Digital Financing, and Access to Solar Energy. Other factors that were found to be significant in accessing solar energy in Mbale- Uganda included occupation, gender, age, and the respondents’ highest level of education. The researchers recommend stronger partnerships between Mobile Network Operators (MNOs), and micro-solar service providers like ReadyPay Solar and M-Kopa, to ensure higher levels of uptake of solar services in the country.
The Impact of Environmental Factors on Organizational Adoption of Human Resource Analytics in Sri Lankan Large-Scale Apparel Companies

This study focuses on investigating the impact of environmental factors on organizational level of adoption to Human Resource Analytics in Sri Lankan apparel companies. Four variables were considered to develop the conceptual model under environmental factors impacting the adoption of Human Resource Analytics performed in prior studies. The sample consists with 210 Human Resource professionals which were taken based on nine out of thirteen key apparel companies in Sri Lanka. The findings revealed that the environmental factors and the organizational level of adoption have a positive relationship. The results indicated that the environmental factors lead to a strong positive impact on the organizational level of adoption.
Lithographically patterned polypyrrole multilayer microstructures via sidewall-controlled electropolymerization

Composite materials comprising multilayers of metal and conductive polymer can have applications in sensing, biomedical, and energy storage/conversion scenarios. One attribute of such metal/polymer composites is that they typically display highly anisotropic electrical properties, which makes them useful as materials for microelectronic or magnetic devices. However, incorporating the deposition of conductive polymers into scalable and manufacturable fabrication processes can be challenging, as the mechanisms for electropolymerization are complex. We previously demonstrated an additive approach to fabricate metal/polymer multilayer structures, using soft magnetic alloys as the metal component and polypyrrole (PPy) as the polymer component. To extend the utility of these composites, the deposition of many multiples of alternating metal/polymer pairs within specifically defined lithographic molds is highly desirable. However, since the lateral growth of electrodeposited PPy is typically faster than vertical growth, non-uniform layer geometry and growth of the polymer on and above the patterned molds are often observed. In this work, we achieve suppression of lateral PPy growth by control of electropolymerization bath counter-anions and passivation of underlying metal layers during deposition. The lateral-to-vertical growth rate uniformity ratio is reduced by a factor of six (to approximately unity) through polymerization parameter optimization and exploiting a continuous five-bath electrodeposition approach. The reduction in lateral growth rate enhances the scalability of multilayer structures that are fabricated using this additive electrodeposition-based approach and provides a manufacturable route to additive, lithographically patterned metal/polymer composites with tunable volume and geometry, without sacrificing the microstructure and properties of the composite.