Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Integer Programming formulations for the Kidney Exchange Problem

Kidneys are the most demanded organs for transplantation, but finding a suitable kidney can be difficult because of their scarcity and of blood and/or tissue incompatibility between donor and patient. In recent years Kidney Exchange Programs [1,2,4,5,6,7] brought a new opportunity for patients who have someone willing to donate him/her a kidney but, because they are not physiologically compatible, the transplantation cannot be performed. The Kidney Exchange Problem (KEP) appears within the frame of these programs. The problem can be represented as a directed graph G(V,A), where the set of vertices V is the set of incompatible donor-patient pairs. Two vertices i and j are connected by arc (i, j) ∈ A if a donor from pair i is compatible with the patient of pair j. A weight wij can be associated to each arc; in the simplest case wij equals to 0 or 1 ∀(i, j) ∈ A. A feasible “kidney exchange” in the whole graph is defined by a set of vertex-disjoint cycles and the objective associated to KEP is to determine the exchange that maximizes the overall number of transplants. If there is no bound on the number of pairs that can be involved in a cycle, the problem turns into an assignment problem and can be solved in polynomial time. However, this problem is not of practical interest. First, because all operations in a cycle have to be performed simultaneously, the number of personnel and facilities needed for simultaneous operations bring several logistics problems. Second, because last-minute testing of donor and patient can elicit new incompatibilities that were not detected before causing the donation and all possible exchanges in that cycle to be canceled, it is preferred that cycles are of limited size. Summarizing the KEP can be formulated as follows:
Image processing methods for 3 D intraoperative ultrasound

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Image processing methods for 3D intraoperative ultrasound Pierre Hellier
Corn silage supplementation for sheep eating annual ryegrass

Food intake is determinant in the production process and can be modified when more than one type of forage is supplied in the diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with corn silage + soybean meal (9:1 based on DM) in the proportion of 10 g DM kg−1 live weight (LW) for lambs receiving pre-dried ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) in two forage supply levels: ad libitum or restricted (60% of the consumption ad libitum). Eight castrated male sheep crosses Texel × Criollo (average of 31.5 ± 2.2 kg LW) were used in an experimental design of 4 × 4 Latin square. Each experimental period was performed for 19 days, with 14 days for adaptation and 5 days for collections. Animals were fed three times a day (08h00, 11h30, and 16h30). Supplemented animals received corn silage at 08h00 and ryegrass silage at 11h30 and 16h30. The substitution rates (kg DM consumed forage per kg DM consumed silage) were 0.93 for animals with a supply of ryegrass ad libitum and zero for those receiving the same in a restricted amount. The digestible OM (DOM) intake and nitrogen retention did not vary with supplementation in animals that received ryegrass ad libitum but increased in those with restricted supply. However, animals with restricted supply and supplemented had a less digestible OM intake and nitrogen retention than the average of those that received ryegrass ad libitum. Organic matter digestibility and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were not affected by treatments, but the digestibility of NDF and ADF was lower in supplemented animals when compared to those non-supplemented and in restricted supply when compared to consumption ad libitum. Even with supplementation, feed restriction of base forage can limit the daily intake of digestible OM and the daily retention of N in sheep.
Monte-Carlo methods for the occupancy uncertainty issue in thermal building simulations

Thermal building simulations are widely used in R&D projects in civil engineering. It is common that as an input data for the simulation standard schedules of the occupants’ presence, equipment usage, lightning and ventilation are used. However, generally unpredictable occupants’ behavior can have an influence on each of the schedules listed above and, therefore, affect overall energy demand and most importantly the heating and cooling peak loads during the day. Taking such impact on the thermal building models into consideration, the reliability and accuracy of the final simulation results can be improved and the value of their uncertainty can be assessed. The aim of the present research is to evaluate the impact of the occupants’ behavior's uncertainty on the heating and cooling demand of a typical residential building. Furthermore, a method to account such an effect on thermal building simulations is presented. The results show that the variance of annual heating and cooling demand equals to 10 % of its absolute average value, although daily heating and cooling demands vary within the range up to 60 % of its average peak value.
Machine Translation in the Financial Services Industry: A Case Study

The use of Machine Translation is spreading quickly in the translation industry. While its implementation is smooth in some contexts, in the regulated services industry it certainly seems trickier. In particular, the financial services industry can be considered a less conventional scenario within which to implement MT. This paper explains how MT was successfully implemented in the workflow of a translation company specialized in financial services, and how freelance translators got positively involved in the process.
Risk measures based on Gram-Charlier expansions : theory and application

The reliability of risk measures for financial portfolios crucially rests on the availability of sound representations of the involved random variables. The trade-off between adherence to reality and specification parsimony can find a fitting balance in a technique that ”adjust” the moments of a density function by making use of its associated orthogonal polynomials. This approach rests on the Gram-Charlier expansion of a Gaussian law which, allowing for leptokurtosis to an appreciable extent, makes the resulting random variable a tail-sensitive density function. In this paper we determine the density of sums of leptokurtic normal variables duly adjusted for excess kurtosis by means of their Gram-Charlier expansions based on Hermite polynomials. The resultant density can be effectively used to represent a portfolio return and as such proves suitable for computing some risk measures such as Value at Risk and expected short fall. An application to a portfolio of financial returns is used to provide evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Structural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Haunched Beam A Study on ANSYS and ETABS

Beams are the major structural element that is capable of carrying and transferring load which is designed primarily for bending and shear. A careful approach in its design will lead to efficient use of concrete and steel reinforcement. Prismatic beams are commonly used in medium span beams. As span increase such beams become uneconomical due to increase in depth. In such situation non prismatic beams (haunched beams) are good solution. In the present study the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete haunched beam is studied in ANSYS and ETABS. Seismic analysis of RC frames with linear and stepped haunch beams will be studied based on the Time Period, Base Shear and Inter storey Drift. Nonlinear finite element analysis is carried out in both software’s. Parametric study is done by varying the haunch angle.
Clinical Study Day 100 Peripheral Blood Absolute Lymphocyte / Monocyte Ratio and Survival in Classical Hodgkin ’ s Lymphoma Postautologous Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Day 100 prognostic factors of postautologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (APBHSCT) to predict clinical outcome in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients have not been evaluated.Thus, we studied if the day 100 peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (Day 100 ALC/AMC) affects clinical outcomes by landmark analysis from day 100 postAPBHSCT. Only cHL patients achieving a complete remission at day 100 post-APBHSCTwere studied. From 2000 to 2010, 131 cHL consecutive patients qualified for the study. The median followup from day 100 was 4.1 years (range: 0.2–12.3 years). Patients with a Day 100 ALC/AMC ≥ 1.3 experienced superior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with Day 100 ALC/AMC < 1.3 (from day 100: OS, median not reached versus 2.8 years; 5 years OS rates of 93% (95% CI, 83%–97%) versus 35% (95% CI, 19%–51%), resp. , P < 0.0001; from day 100: PFS, median not reached versus 1.2 years; 5 years PFS rates of 79% (95% CI, 69%–86%) versus 27% (95% CI, 14%–45%), resp. , P < 0.0001). Day 100 ALC/AMC ratio was an independent predictor for OS and PFS. Thus, Day 100ALC/AMC ratio is a simple biomarker that can help to assess clinical outcomes from day 100 post-APBHSCT in cHL patients.
ECONOMIC GROWTH AND CORRUPTION IN DEVELOPING ECONOMIES

This study of forty two developing countries uses Panel Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares – PDOLS to examine the relationship between foreign direct investment, corruption and economic growth. The results suggest that corruption has a significant influence on per capita GDP in the short run but is not significant in the long run. It was also found that lower levels of corruption enhance the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth. This has important implications for policymakers.
EVALUATION OF MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF TURKISH RICE GENOTYPES IN RESPONSE TO SALT STRESS UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS

Salinity limits the rice germination and seedling growth at early growth stages. This study aimed to determine the morpho-physiological response of seventeen Turkish rice genotypes to four NaCl salinity stress (0, 40, 80 and 120 mM) under in vitro conditions during seed germination and early seedling stages. The effects of NaCl stress on water uptake, germination ratio, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, ion contens (Na, K, Ca and K/Na) for both root and shoot, and photosynthetic pigments (Chl a , Chl b , Chl a+b and carotenoid) in 17 rice genotypes were investigated in the experiment. The values of all traits were decreased by increasing the NaCl levels (p ≤ 0.05), and genotype specific variations were identified under salt stress (p ≤ 0.05). The investigated traits were decreased by salt stress including germination rate (43.1%), root and shoot lengths (80.3 and 78.4%), root fresh and dry weights (85.9 and 83.1%), shoot fresh and dry weights (70.4 and 64.9%), root and shoot K/Na (97.8 and 98.6%), and chl a (44.3%). According to genotype, genotype  environment (GGE) biplot analysis, principal components (PC1 and PC2) represented (38.02 and 18.39%, respectively) 56.41% of the total variation among the genotypes under salt stress. Gönen cultivar showed greater performance for the investigated traits, and had the highest salt tolerance among the cultivars. It is concluded that Gönen cultivar could be recommended for the region.
Sigmorphon 2019 Task 2 system description paper: Morphological analysis in context for many languages, with supervision from only a few

This paper presents the UNT HiLT+Ling system for the Sigmorphon 2019 shared Task 2: Morphological Analysis and Lemmatization in Context. Our core approach focuses on the morphological tagging task; part-of-speech tagging and lemmatization are treated as secondary tasks. Given the highly multilingual nature of the task, we propose an approach which makes minimal use of the supplied training data, in order to be extensible to languages without labeled training data for the morphological inflection task. Specifically, we use a parallel Bible corpus to align contextual embeddings at the verse level. The aligned verses are used to build cross-language translation matrices, which in turn are used to map between embedding spaces for the various languages. Finally, we use sets of inflected forms, primarily from a high-resource language, to induce vector representations for individual UniMorph tags. Morphological analysis is performed by matching vector representations to embeddings for individual tokens. While our system results are dramatically below the average system submitted for the shared task evaluation campaign, our method is (we suspect) unique in its minimal reliance on labeled training data.
Bounds and Complexity for the Tessellation Problem

Given a graph Γ = (V,E), a tessellation T is a partition of V into cliques so that the union of the cliques covers the vertex set V but not necessarily the edge set E. A graph Γ is t-tessellable if we can cover the edge set E with t tessellations. The staggered model yields a discrete-time quantum walk on a graph without using a coin operator. From the tessellations of the graph, the staggered model defines orthogonal reflexive operators which are then composed in order to obtain the evolution operator. We relate the tessellation problem to the clique operator, by showing that the chromatic number of the clique graph is a tight upper bound for the tessellation number. We show that the tessellation problem is also related to the edge-coloring problem, a hard complexity problem. 2000 AMS Subject Classification: 05C15, 05C90, 68Q17.
Why students of Secondary Education complete more homework?

Homework is one of the most controversial educational activities nowadays. Although, there is scientific evidence of their potential on the academic performance and learning of students, it is still necessary to study some variables, which are part of the process of carrying out homework, with more precision. Most of the relationships between motivational variables involved in learning and performance have been studied taking into account the tasks carried out by the student within the walls of the school. However, there is a certain lack of knowledge of the relationships that occur between these variables in the process of completing homework; Homework, by definition, are prescribed by the teacher to be carried out after school. For this reason, the main goal of the present paper is to analyze the predictive capacity of each variable related to motivation and homework involvement on the amount of them which are done by students. Participants were 899 students from Spanish compulsory secondary education. Results from the regression analysis indicate that the more time students spend on homework, the more intrinsically motivated they are, the more effective time management is, the better motivation management is and the less anxiety they show, then the more amount of homework they complete.
TREEBANK-BASED RESEARCH AND E-LEARNING OF ESTONIAN SYNTAX

The creation of syntactically annotated corpora of Estonian started at the end of 1990s with the training and test corpora for the Constraint Grammar shallow syntactic parser. By now the size of the Estonian Constraint Grammar Corpus is close to 300 000 running words. In 2004 the first attempts have been made to build deep syntactically annotated corpora (treebanks) for Estonian. The Estonian treebanks have been annotated using the VISL formalism, developed at the University of Southern Denmark, which combines the phrase structure grammar with syntactic functions. There exist VISL treebanks for more than 20 languages already and they are used mainly for two purposes – for research and for education. Online visualization and query tools as well as edutainment software have been created within the VISL project to facilitate the both usages of treebanks. Two small treebanks of Estonian were created as the joint work of University of Tartu and University of Southern Denmark. The research-oriented treebank Arborest has been semiautomatically derived from a section of the Estonian Constraint Grammar corpus and the Estonian teaching treebank was annotated manually. Currently, the Estonian teaching treebank consists of 100 sentences. The Estonian treebank Arborest contains 2500 sentences, 149 from which have been manually revised.
Retinal Blood Vessel Extraction using ISODATA Clustering and Morphological Operations

— In medical image processing, retinal image analysis vital for the analysis of anomalyse like diabetics retinophathy like Glaucoma. This project proposed a retinal blood vessel segmentation algorithm based on morphological operations and ISODATA clustering technique. The preprocessing input image was done using adaptive histogram equalisation and average filtering. The ISODATA algorithm were employed for the segmentation and post-processing was done by morphological operations. This algorithm was developed in MATLAB 2010a and images are tested from drive and stare database.
Online Sentence Segmentation for Simultaneous Interpretation using Multi-Shifted Recurrent Neural Network

This paper is devoted to developing a recurrent neural network (RNN) solution for segmenting the unpunctuated transcripts generated by automatic speech recognition for simultaneous interpretation. RNNs are effective in capturing long-distance dependencies and straightforward for online decoding. Thus, they are ideal for the task compared to the conventional n -gram language model (LM) based approaches and recent neural machine translation based approaches. This paper proposes a multi-shifted RNN to address the trade-off be-tween accuracy and latency, which is one of the key characteristics of the task. Experiments show that our proposed method improves the segmentation accuracy measured in F 1 by 21.1% while maintains approximately the same latency, and reduces the BLEU loss to the oracle segmentation by 28.6%, when compared to a strong baseline of the RNN LM-based method. Our online sentence segmentation toolkit is open-sourced 1 to promote the ﬁeld.
FISHING ACTIVITY AND THEIR STATUS IN THE INTERTIDAL SEAGRASS BEDS IN SOUTH SULAWESI

This study was aimed to 1). examine the fisher who fishing in the seagrass beds, 2) reveal behavior of the fisher, 3) examine the most captured fish family, and 4) determine fishing status, in Barrang Lompo Island (BL) and Kapoposang Island (KP). Fisher recognition was done based on the latest census data from village office and by interviews. Behaviour of fisher was observed directly and unstructured interviews was also conducted during fishing in the seagrass beds. The catches were identified to the lowest taxonomic level and grouped them into fish family. Fish maturity size was analyzed based on life stage classification using fish maximum length. Status of fish exploitation was analyzed through measurement of catch per unit effort (CPUE), total catch in one year (Y), natural mortality as weight-dependence of mortality (Mw), estimated biomass in the same year (B), and maximum sustainable yield (MSY). The result of this study showed that fishing in the seagrass beds, either in BL or in KP, was not a main job and only certain fisher who did fishing in the seagrass beds. Fishing practices in BL was considered to have more negative impact on seagrass beds than in KP. Most fishes in both islands were captured before maturity, and one of the captured fish family (Dasyatidae) has been considered internationally to be conserved. Total CPUE of seagrass fish in BL was lower than in KP, however, the fishing rate of seagrass fish in both islands were relatively the same and categorized as under exploited.
Model of wind pumping for layered snow

Abstract Layering affects the air flow through snow caused by surface pressure variations. The horizontal and total fluxes are high in hoar layers but the pressure perturbations and vertical components of the flow do not penetrate as deeply as in homogeneous snow. That is because the layers “pipe” the flow horizontally toward the area of low pressure. An ice layer at the surface reduces the total flow everywhere. The flow decreases as ice-layer thickness increases and, in general, flow changes with permeability. However, the magnitude of the effect is proportionately weaker when the ice layers are further from the surface. The residence time is reduced when hoar layers are present due to shorter flow paths, reduced penetration into the deeper snow and higher speeds.
Representation , Ranking , Distance , and Similarity of L-R type fuzzy number and Application * * *

Generalized L-R type fuzzy nwnber is applied on data analysis, artificial intelligence, and decision making widely. Since the graded value of membership function is the spirit of fuzzy set, fuzzy number, or fuzzy logic etc . graded mean integration representation based on graded mean h-level values of generalized L-R type fUzzy nwnber is introduced for representing the generalized L-R type fuzzy number. We propose a new method of ranking generalized L-R type fUzzy nwnber by using graded mean integration representation, and prove some ranking properties. The distance measure of generalized L-R type fUzzy number by using graded mean integration representation is presented, and we show some distance properties. In addition, a new similarity measure of generalized L-R type fuzzy number based on a graded mean integration representation distance is proposed, and some similarity relations are proven, too. Moreover, some fuzzy nwnbers are given to compare our new methods with several different methods for representation, ranking, and distance of generalized L-R type fuzzy numbers. It shows that our graded mean integration representation method not only improve some drawbacks of the existing methods, but also meet the classical representation, ranking, and distance meaning in the field of real nwnber system.
Orchestrating Mixed-Criticality Melody: Reconciling Energy with Safety for Mixed-Criticality Embedded Real-Time Systems

Embedded systems are getting into various domains of our daily life as well as in many of the highly sophisticated large systems, such as air planes, military tanks, rockets, satellites. These large systems consist of many modules which are executing umpteen number of tasks semi-independently. However, not all tasks have the same levels of priority and/or criticality. One way is to design individual systems with dedicated processors to avoid the dependency as proposed by the industry. However, mixed-criticality notion helps to enhance system performance, and reduce system cost, size, and weight. The idea is to integrate functionalities of different safety criticality levels into a common computing platform. Further, the energy consumption of these systems should also be taken into account. While there are many algorithms under the broad umbrella of scheduling - preemptive, non-preemptive, etc., -- solutions that jointly minimizes both static and dynamic energy consumption in mixed-criticality systems on multi-cores under partitioned scheduling are, hitherto, not addressed in depth. To reconcile the conflicting requirements of safety and energy: (i) we formulate a general energy minimization problem; (ii) we provide an analytical optimal solution on unicore systems and a corresponding low-complexity heuristic and (iii) we provide energy-aware mapping techniques based on our unicore solutions on multi-cores. Effectiveness in energy reduction is demonstrated for our solutions through extensive simulations with synthetic task sets.