Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Pediatric Hair and Scalp Disorders

Background: Hair and scalp disorders are a common complaint in dermatology clinics and can be caused by several conditions, reflected in a specific diagnosis. Also, this problem is of prime concern in the pediatric population as it is associated with more significant psychological consequences in this growing age group. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of hair and scalp disorders in children attending to the Pediatrics and Dermatology Outpatient Clinics. Patients and methods: The current study included 1000 children attending the outpatient pediatric and Dermatology clinics in Alazher University Assiut within the period from June 2019 to April 2020, from them 200 children were diagnosed with hair disorder. All children were subjected to; thorough history taking, general and local examination, and dermoscopic examination. Results: In the present study we noticed that; male to female ratio was 0.8:1. The age groups with the largest and smallest numbers of children were those of children aged 10-12 and 1-3 years, respectively. Alopecia areata represented 15% of the studied patients. 10% of the included patients had seborrheic dermatitis. Pediculosis capitis was evident in 14% of the studied population. Tinea capitis was evident in 15% of the study population. Infectious causes were the most common causes of hair disorders in our study. Alopecia areata represented 15% of the studied patients.there is a significant difference value in tinea capitis and pediculosis capitis in urban than rural areas and there is a significant difference value in seborrheic dermatitis and alopecia areata in rural than urban areas. In the current study, malnutrition was evident in 30% of children with scalp diseases. Conclusion: Hair and scalp disorder in children is a common complaint in pediatrics clinics, and it is considered a challenge for pediatricians for reaching a proper diagnosis and therapy. Early management is needed, as it affects the normal physical and mental growth of children.
Assessment of Informal Learning Program on Weather Phenomena: Its Perception and Necessity in Greece

The inadequate approach of the weather phenomena, the associated atmospheric processes as well as their impacts at the Greek education led to the creation of the learning program "Peri Anemon & Ydaton", by the meteorological unit of the National Observatory of Athens. The program, which is presented to Junior High School and High School students, is structured into five thematic sessions and covers eight learning goals, the implementation of which was assessed using a multipleresponse questionnaire. In general, the program "Peri Anemon & Ydaton" is a vivid example for the efficiency of informal learning programs. Furthermore, it is the first attempt for the recording of the results as an assessment of an informal learning program on weather and climate in Greece. The learning program "Peri Anemon & Ydaton" is implemented with the approval of the Educational Policy Institute of Greece, thus indicating its pedagogical adequacy
DASHBOARDS FOR INPUT-EVALUATION OF POLICY PROGRAMS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM AN ANTWERP DASHBOARD FOR GARDEN STREETS

Abstract. There is an ever-growing trend to pursue policies based on evidence-based and data-driven program evaluation research. In order to facilitate such evaluation research, electronic dashboards are increasingly used for translating sources of big and unstructured data into low-level summary visualizations understandable by layman policy-makers. In this paper, we report on the dashboard development process for an input-evaluation of new garden streets in the city of Antwerp. During this process, different lessons were learned. First, developers should start from a clearly defined policy question and analysis units in order to optimize the development process. Second, different types of key performance indicators exist, which should also be well-defined in advance so that appropriate data can be collected. Third, a dashboard should not be restricted to purely objective data-analyses but may also include features that facilitate subjective evaluation guided by assumptions and believes of the dashboard-user. These lessons helped us to make the dashboard requirements of Antwerp more concrete. Likewise, they may help other policy supporting dashboard developers to optimize their development processes.
Nutrient Retention in Ecologically Functional Floodplains: A Review

Nutrient loads in fresh and coastal waters continue to lead to harmful algal blooms across the globe. Historically, floodplains—low-lying areas adjacent to streams and rivers that become inundated during high-flow events—would have been nutrient deposition and/or removal sites within riparian corridors, but many floodplains have been developed and/or disconnected. This review synthesizes literature and data available from field studies quantifying nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal within floodplains across North America and Europe to determine how effective floodplain restoration is at removing nutrients. The mean removal of nitrate-N (NO3−-N), the primary form of N in floodplain studies, was 200 (SD = 198) kg-N ha−1 year−1, and of total or particulate P was 21.0 (SD = 31.4) kg-P ha−1 year−1. Based on the literature, more effective designs of restored floodplains should include optimal hydraulic load, permanent wetlands, geomorphic diversity, and dense vegetation. Floodplain restorations along waterways with higher nutrient concentrations could lead to a more effective investment for nutrient removal. Overall, restoring and reconnecting floodplains throughout watersheds is a viable and effective means of removing nutrients while also restoring the many other benefits that floodplains provide.
Characterization and Control of Aluminum Oxide Thin Films Formed on Surfaces of FeCo-V Alloys

a Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan b Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan c Development Department, Tohoku Steel Co., Ltd., Murata, Miyagi, Japan d μSIC, Materials Solution Center, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan † Corresponding author: shigeru.suzuki. e6@tohoku.ac. jp
Language and the pandemic: The construction of semantic frames in Greek-German comparison

This paper aims to provide an insight into the way native speakers of different first languages (L1) who live in the same country and are therefore influenced to the same degree by the current Covid-19 pandemic (e g share the same everyday experiences and are confronted with the same linguistic input in the same context) frame Covid-19 related events More specifically, a comparison between the framework of L1 speakers of German and L1 speakers of Greek, all residing in Greece during the pandemic Our goal is to unveil commonalities and differences in the structuring of concepts using a frame-semantic approach In or-der to investigate the frames that are indexed when talking about experiences, topics, and concepts newly introduced by the Covid-19 pandemic, we chose to build a small bilingual corpus based on participants’ answers in surveys in the respective languages We use preliminary data to evaluate the feasibility of the theoretical as well as the methodological approach This paper presents the pilot phase of a broader project whose final conclusions will be available in 2021 © Nikolaos Katsaounis 2020
Etude du triage des lipoproteines chez escherichia coli

Nous etudions la mise en place des lipoproteines dans l'enveloppe d'escherichia coli, une bacterie a gram negatif. Grace a un peptide signal n-terminal, les lipoproteines traversent la membrane cytoplasmique par la voie d'exportation sec. Apres clivage par la lipoproteine signal peptidase, trois acides gras attaches a la cysteine n-terminale permettent l'ancrage de la lipoproteine dans la membrane externe en general, mais parfois dans la membrane cytoplasmique. La localisation des lipoproteines serait determinee par un signal de triage constitue par l'acide amine en position +2 de la proteine mature. Les lipoproteines n'ayant pas d'aspartate en position +2 (d+2) seraient localisees dans la membrane externe par une machinerie de triage composee de lola et lolb. Afin d'identifier d'autres facteurs impliques dans le triage des lipoproteines, nous avons mis au point un systeme genetique pour selectionner les mutations affectant le triage des lipoproteines vers la membrane externe en utilisant la proteine periplasmique affine du maltose, male. Nous avons construit des lipoproteines modeles composees d'un peptide signal d'une lipoproteine, d'un signal de triage pour la membrane externe (s+2) ou cytoplsmique (d+2) et de male comme rapporteur. Les souches exprimant lipomale avec (d+2) poussent sur maltose, tandis que celles avec (s+2) non. Une mutagenese chimique suivie d'une selection des mutants capables d'utiliser le maltose nous a permis d'identifier deux classes de mutants : un seul mutant de classe i, portant une mutation remplacant la serine +2 par une phenylalanine. Une mutagenese systematique de l'acide amine en position +2 de lipomale revele que des variants avec des acides amines tryptophane, tyrosine, glycine ou proline restent aussi dans la membrane cytoplasmique. L'analyse du genome d'e. Coli k-12 indique que ces acides amines sont rarement utilises en position +2 des lipoproteines. Les mutants de la classe ii ont des mutations chromosomiques causant une delocalisation partielle de lipomale. Par complementation, nous avons montre pour des mutants differents que la mutation n'est ni dans lola ni dans lolb, ce qui suggere que d'autres proteines pourraient etre impliquees dans le triage.
An empirical study on the correlation between teacher efficacy and ICT infrastructure

PurposeSelf-efficacy is one's belief in one's ability. In this context, information and communication technology (ICT) self-efficacy is the judgment of one's capability to use ICT – the familiar and effective teaching tools for the 21st century classrooms. The purpose of this empirical study was to investigate the correlation between teachers' ICT self-efficacy and perceived ICT infrastructure in school.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a descriptive survey method within ex post facto research design by taking 100 purposively selected Indian government run secondary schools and 400 teachers as participants. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. A correlation analysis was conducted between teachers' ICT self-efficacy and their perception of ICT infrastructure to determine the relationship between the two.FindingsFindings revealed that the participant teachers' overall ICT self-efficacy along with its three domains – technological efficacy, pedagogical efficacy, integration efficacy – was moderately low and their perception of ICT infrastructure in their respective schools was also far below the expected level. The investigation finally found a moderately high and positive correlation between teachers' ICT self-efficacy and their overall perception of ICT infrastructure. All three domains of efficacy also found positively correlated with the three selected domains of ICT infrastructure.Originality/valueThis paper reports an original empirical survey conducted in India and the write-up is based strictly on the survey findings only. The authors believe this is a new approach to view ICT integration in school pedagogy and recommendations that enhanced teacher efficacy accelerates strengthening ICT infrastructure, improving apposite culture and understanding of the pedagogical value of ICT integrated teaching.
Superposed Poisson process models with a modified bathtub intensity function for repairable systems

Abstract Bathtub-shaped failure intensity is typical for large-scaled repairable systems with a number of different failure modes. Sometimes, repairable systems may exhibit a failure pattern different from the traditional bathtub shape, due to the existence of multiple failure modes. This study proposes two superposed Poisson process models with modified bathtub intensity functions to capture this kind of failure pattern. The new models are constructed by the superposition of the generalized Goel–Okumoto process and power law process (or log-linear process). The proposed models can be applied to masked failure-time data from repairable systems where the modes of collected failure-times are unobserved or unavailable. Bayesian posterior computation algorithms based on the data augmentation method are developed for the inference on the parameters or their functions of the superposed Poisson process models. This study also examines the best model selection among the candidate models in the Bayesian framework and modeling check using the residuals. A practical case study with a data set of unscheduled maintenance events for complex artillery systems illustrates potential applications of the proposed models for the purpose of reliability prediction for the repairable systems.
Reflections on the Austrian COVID-19 budgetary emergency measures and their potential to reconfigure the public financial management system

PurposeCrises constitute stress tests for public sectors, with public financial management (PFM) systems having to respond to emergency needs. In this study, the authors analyze (1) what elements of the Austrian PFM system have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) what mechanisms have been applied to close identified gaps in the PFM system and to ensure alignment with budget principles. The authors then reflect on these PFM measures.Design/methodology/approachThe research departs from the pre-crisis configuration of the Austrian PFM system. Making use of a data triangulation strategy, the paper analyses draft laws and regulations with corresponding explanatory notes and impact assessments, transcripts from debates in the federal Parliament and articles and commentaries issued by various stakeholders.FindingsThe analysis of five areas relevant to the reconfiguration of the Austrian PFM system shows that the pandemic has caused an external shock, but at the same time, the current system has not been challenged in substance and has been utilized to react to the pandemic—resulting in (ad hoc) modifications. The system has proved robust and crisis responsive; however, in a reactive pattern, emerging ad hoc elements have been integrated, with a number of defensive mechanisms ensuring compliance with budget principles. In addition, in some areas, more proactive actions have been taken for closing system gaps (e.g. risk disclosure). Originality/valueThe authors evaluate the likelihood of (proposed, decided and implemented) emerging elements or revisions to a PFM system being embedded into the existing PFM system, alongside reflecting on results and necessary further adjustments.
Enforced remote working and the work-life interface during lockdown

Purpose: This paper aims to consider enforced working from home in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and how it may differ from working from home through choice In particular, the authors discuss how lockdown may be affecting work-family arrangements Design/methodology/approach: This is a thought piece Findings: The paper briefly examines the extant research on remote working It is argued that as many of the (beneficial) outcomes found for both employees and employers are associated with feelings of greater autonomy and gratitude on the part of employees for being able to exercise choice over their working arrangements, these outcomes may not be found where working from home is required of employees The authors contend that women, and mothers in particular, have had little choice in relation to when work has taken place, and how much work has been done Practical implications: The authors urge employers to consider the positive and negative outcomes of emerging evidence as they review their flexible working policies They call for a widespread review of childcare provision in supporting women and men in the labour market Originality/value: The authors explore this unexpected context of the pandemic and highlight the need for research which examines these different circumstances © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited
A Gene Regulatory Network for the Specification of Immunocytes in an Invertebrate Model System

Hematopoietic systems in vertebrates have been the focus of intense study. However immunocyte development is well characterized in very few invertebrate groups. The sea urchin is an attractive model for the study of immune cell development. Larval immunocytes, pigment cells and derivatives of the blastocoelar cells, emerge from a small population of precursors specified at blastula stage. Analyses from the genome reveal a complex system of immune receptors and effectors and a near complete set of homologues of vertebrate transcriptional regulators. Characterization of the expression profile and function of sea urchin homologues of key vertebrate hematopoietic transcription factors imply a conserved role in immunocyte development. SpGatac, an orthologue of the vertebrate Gata-1/2/3 transcription factors and SpScl, an orthologue of Scl/Tal-2/Lyl-1 transcription factors are both required for immune cell specification in the embryo. An important cis-regulatory mechanism that restricts SpGatac expression to the blastocoelar cells involves repression by SpGcm in the pigment cells. Characterization of the expression of several additional transcription factors, including SpE2A, an orthologue of vertebrate E2A/HEB/ITF2, SpId, an orthologue of the Class V bHLH factors
Dietary Habits and their Association with Metabolic Syndrome in a sample of Iranian adults: A population‐based study

Abstract Background Central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension are the core components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which is coincident with unhealthy dietary habits in the Middle‐Eastern countries. The aim of this study was to explore the association between dietary habits and MetS of the adult population living in Yazd Greater Area, Iran. Methods This is a cross‐sectional study that uses the data of a population‐based cohort study on Iranian adults, known as Yazd Health Study (YaHS). The relationship between dietary habits and metabolic syndrome among adults (n = 2,896) was analyzed using multiple logistic regression method. Results The prevalence of MetS among the participants was 32.2%. Outcomes from logistic regression examination show that breakfast consumption has a significant inverse effect on the occurrence of MetS after adjustment for age, education level, physical activity statue, history of chronic diseases, and smoking (odds ratio (OR) = 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.14, 0.97). This effect remains significant even after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and reveals that odds of having MetS is 69% lower in breakfast consumers in contrast to nonconsumers (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.11, 0.87). However, no significant relationship was observed between other dietary habits including consumption of sweetened drinks, sugar cubes, and fast foods and MetS after adjustment for all potential confounders. Conclusions This study revealed that eating breakfast has an inverse relationship with metabolic syndrome. To find out stronger evidence in relation to dietary habits and MetS, more researches especially population‐based cohort studies are needed to be conducted.
Elevation-related difference in serial reversal learning ability in a nonscatter hoarding passerine

Environments characterized by scarce and variable food supply, termed “harsh environments,” have been hypothesized to favor cognitive abilities that aid an animal in finding food, remembering where it is located, or predicting its availability. Most studies of the “harsh environment” hypothesis have found that scatter hoarders from harsher environments have better spatial memory abilities, but few studies have looked at this hypothesis in nonscatter hoarders. Here, we present the first comparison of performance on a serial reversal learning task in a nonscatter hoarder from 2 elevations that differ in harshness. Serial reversal learning tasks measure a suite of cognitive abilities that are believed to allow an animal to adjust its foraging behavior to match changes in the availability of food over time. Therefore, performance on this task is predicted to increase with elevation. There was no significant difference between the high and low elevation great tits in initial reversal learning accuracy. While both high and low elevation birds were able to improve their reversal learning accuracy, they did not differ in their rate of improvement over reversals. However, we found that lower elevation birds had higher accuracy across all reversals. Contrary to the “harsh environment” hypothesis, our findings suggest that birds from the less harsh environment at low elevation performed more accurately on the reversal learning task. Overall, our results suggest that the study of the relationship between harshness and cognition in nonhoarders would benefit from taking into account other environmental factors, and trade-offs with other cognitive abilities.
Machine learning for metallurgy I. A neural-network potential for Al-Cu

High-strength metal alloys achieve their performance via careful control of precipitates and solutes. The nucleation, growth, and kinetics of precipitation, and the resulting mechanical properties, are inherently atomic scale phenomena, particularly during early-stage nucleation and growth. Atomistic modeling using interatomic potentials is a desirable tool for understanding the detailed phenomena involved in precipitation and strengthening, which requires length and timescales far larger than those accessible by first-principles methods. Current interatomic potentials for alloys are not, however, sufficiently accurate for such studies. Here a family of neural-network potentials (NNPs) for the Al-Cu system are presented as a first example of a machine learning potential that can achieve near-first-principles accuracy for many different metallurgically important aspects of this alloy. High-fidelity predictions of intermetallic compounds, elastic constants, dilute solid-solution energetics, precipitate-matrix interfaces, generalized stacking fault energies and surfaces for slip in matrix and precipitates, antisite defect energies, and other quantities, are shown. The NNPs also captures the subtle entropically induced transition between ${\ensuremath{\theta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and $\ensuremath{\theta}$ at temperatures around 600 K. Many comparisons are made with the state-of-the-art angular-dependent potential for Al-Cu, demonstrating the significant quantitative benefit of a machine learning approach. A preliminary kinetic Monte Carlo study shows the NNP to predict the emergence of GP zones in Al-4at%Cu at $T=300$ K in agreement with experiments. These studies show that the NNP has significant transferability to defects and properties outside the structures used to train the NNP but also shows some errors highlighting that the use of any interatomic potential requires careful validation in application to specific metallurgical problems of interest.