Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Yeast Actin Cytoskeleton-Regulatory Complex Pan 1 p / Sla 1 p / End 3 p by Serine / Threonine Kinase Prk 1 p

The serine/threonine kinase Prk1p is known to be involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton organization in budding yeast. One possible function of Prk1p is the negative regulation of Pan1p, an actin patch regulatory protein that forms a complex in vivo with at least two other proteins, Sla1p and End3p. In this report, we identified Sla1p as another substrate for Prk1p. The phosphorylation of Sla1p by Prk1p was established in vitro with the use of immunoprecipitated Prk1p and in vivo with the use of PRK1 overexpression, and was further supported by the finding that immunoprecipitated Sla1p contained PRK1and ARK1-dependent kinase activities. Stable complex formation between Prk1p and Sla1p/Pan1p in vivo could be observed once the phosphorylation reaction was blocked by mutation in the catalytic site of Prk1p. Elevation of Prk1p activities in wild-type cells resulted in a number of deficiencies, including those in colocalization of Pan1p and Sla1p, endocytosis, and cell wall morphogenesis, likely attributable to a disintegration of the Pan1p/Sla1p/End3p complex. These results lend a strong support to the model that the phosphorylation of the Pan1p/Sla1p/End3p complex by Prk1p is one of the important mechanisms by which the organization and functions of the actin cytoskeleton are regulated.
Implicit and Explicit Exercise and Sedentary Identity

We examined the relationship between implicit and explicit “exerciser” and “sedentary” self-identity when activated by stereotypes. Undergraduate participants (N = 141) wrote essays about university students who either liked to exercise or engage in sedentary activities. This was followed by an implicit identity task and an explicit measure of exercise self-identity. Results showed that implicit and explicit exerciser identities were not highly correlated. There were also no significant prime effects, but women showed greater implicit sedentary identity, whereas men showed greater implicit exercise identity. This research suggests that implicit exercise-related identity is a distinct construct from explicit exercise identity. The results also reflect responses to societal pressures for women to be thin and for men to be strong, when free of self-presentational bias.
Magnetoencephalography and Magnetic Source Imaging in Epilepsy

Magnetoencephalograpy (MEG) and Electroencephalography (EEG) provide physicians with complementary data and should not be regarded as mutually exclusive evaluative methods of cerebral activity. Relevant to this edition, MEG applications related to the surgical treatment of epilepsy will be discussed exclusively. Combined MEG/EEG data collection and analysis should be a routine diagnostic practice for patients who are still suffering seizures due to the failure of drug therapy. Clinicians in the field of epilepsy agree that a greater number of patients would benefit from surgery than are currently referred for pre-surgical evaluation. Regardless of age or presumed epilepsy syndrome, all patients deserve the possibility of living seizure-free through surgery. Technological advances in superconducting elements as well as the digital revolution were necessary for the development of MEG into a clinically valuable diagnostic tool. Compared to the examination of electrical activity of the brain, investigation into its magnetic concomitant is a more recent development. In MEG, cerebral magnetic activity is recorded using magnetometer or gradiometer whole-head systems. MEG spikes usually have a shorter duration and a steeper ascending slope than EEG spikes, and variable phase relationships to EEG. When co-registered spikes are compared, it is apparent that EEG and MEG spikes differ. There is agreement among investigators that more interictal epileptiform spikes are seen in MEG than EEG. When MEG is co-registered with invasive intracranial EEG data, the detection rate of interictal epileptiform discharges depends on the number of electrocorticographic channels that record a spike. When patients have a non-localizing video-EEG recording, MEG pinpoints the resected area in 58–72% of the cases.
NB4S, a member of the TBC1 domain family of genes, is truncated as a result of a constitutional t(1;10)(p22;q21) chromosome translocation in a patient with stage 4S neuroblastoma.

Molecular cloning of the breakpoints of a t(1;10)(p22q21) constitutional translocation breakpoint in a patient with stage 4S neuroblastoma has identified two genes which are fused in-frame to generate a novel gene. The 1p22 gene, which we have called NB4S , encodes a 7.5 kb transcript with an 810 amino acid open reading frame and is expressed in a wide variety of tissues. NB4S has >88% homology with the mouse EVI -5 gene within the coding region and shows strong homology over a 200 amino acid region with TBC1 box motif genes involved in cell growth and differentiation. The C-teminal end of the protein contains a number of coiled coil domains, indicating a possible protein-protein binding function. The chromosome 10 breakpoint interrupts a novel transcript (TRNG10) which could only be detected in tumor cells. This transcript has no exon/intron structure or significant open reading frame, suggesting that it is a structural RNA which is transcribed but not translated. The chromosome rearrangement creates a fusion gene product which combines the TBC1 motif of NB4S with a polyadenylation signal from TRNG10 , potentially generating a truncated protein with oncogenic properties.
Quadratic Mutual Information Feature Selection

We propose a novel feature selection method based on quadratic mutual information which has its roots in Cauchy–Schwarz divergence and Renyi entropy. The method uses the direct estimation of quadratic mutual information from data samples using Gaussian kernel functions, and can detect second order non-linear relations. Its main advantages are: (i) unified analysis of discrete and continuous data, excluding any discretization; and (ii) its parameter-free design. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through an extensive comparison with mutual information feature selection (MIFS), minimum redundancy maximum relevance (MRMR), and joint mutual information (JMI) on classification and regression problem domains. The experiments show that proposed method performs comparably to the other methods when applied to classification problems, except it is considerably faster. In the case of regression, it compares favourably to the others, but is slower.
Status Data and Communication Aspects in Dynamically Clustered Network-on-Chip Monitoring

Monitoring and diagnostic systems are required in modern Network-on-Chip implementations to assure high performance and reliability. A dynamically clustered NoC monitoring structure for traffic and fault monitoring is presented. It is a distributed monitoring approach which does not require any centralized control. Essential issues concerning status data diffusion, processing, and format are simulated and analyzed. The monitor communication and placement are also discussed. The results show that the presented monitoring structure can be used to improve the performance of an NoC. Even a small adjustment of parameters, for example, considering monitoring data format or monitoring placing, can have significant influence to the overall performance of the NoC. The analysis shows that the monitoring system should be carefully designed in terms of data diffusion and routing and monitoring algorithms to obtain the potential performance improvement.
A Combined Uniform and Heuristic Search Algorithm for Maintaining Shortest Paths on Fully Dynamic Graphs

Shortest-path problems on graphs have been studied in depth in Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science. Search on dynamic graphs, i.e. graphs that can change their layout while searching, receives plenty of attention today – mostly in the planning domain. Approaches often assume global knowledge on the dynamic graph, i.e. that topology and dynamic operations are known to the algorithm. There exist use-cases however, where this assumption cannot be made. In vehicular ad-hoc networks, for example, a vehicle is only able to recognize the topology of the graph within wireless network transmission range. In this paper, we propose a combined uniform and heuristic search algorithm, which maintains shortest paths in highly dynamic graphs under the premise that graph operations are not globally known.
A new sequential learning algorithm using pseudo-Gaussian functions for neuro-fuzzy systems

This paper proposes a framework for constructing and training a radial basis function (RBF) neural network, which is an example of fuzzy system. For this purpose, a sequential learning algorithm is presented to adapt the structure of the network, in which it is possible to create a new hidden unit (rule) and also to detect and remove inactive units. The structure of the gaussian functions (membership functions) is modified using a pseudo-Gaussian function (PG) in which two sealing parameters /spl sigma/ are introduced, which eliminates the symmetry restriction and provides the neurons in the hidden layer with greater flexibility with respect to function approximation. Other important characteristics of the proposed neural system is that instead of using a single parameter for the output weights, these are functions of the input variables which leads to a significant reduction in the number of hidden units compared with the classical RBF network Finally, we examine the result of applying the proposed algorithm to time series prediction.
Experimental Models to Study Development and Function of the Human Immune System In Vivo

The study of development and function of the immune system in vivo has made intensive use of animal models, but performing such work in humans is difficult for experimental, practical, and ethical reasons. Confronted with this scientific challenge, several pioneering groups have developed in the late 1980s mouse models of human immune system development. Although these experimental approaches were proven successful and useful, they were suffering from limitations due to xenograft transplantation barriers. By reviewing the characteristics of the successive models over the last 20 years, it becomes apparent that screening of potentially interesting mouse strains and usage of combinations of genetic deficiencies has led to major advances. This is particularly true for human T cell development in the murine thymus. This review will focus on these advances and the potential future improvements that remain to be accomplished.
Supporting the learning of computer programming in an early years education

The deployment of technology across the globe towards creating efficient learning environments is growing rapidly. In the United Kingdom, for example, the government is investing an enormous amount of money in primary school early years programming lessons. The ideology behind this push is to strengthen the link between the younger generation and the technological growth that will continue to have an ever-increasing impact on their lives and to fuel the pace of innovation. One of the core themes of this area is that of computer programming, which has now become a mandatory subject in early years’ education. As a result of this change, many challenges are being faced by teachers and pupils; for example, teachers require more training and young students need appropriate tools that suit their level of learning. Therefore, this research aimed to help facilitate the process of teaching and learning programming for the young generation via the provision of a suitable technologically educational programming system whereby they can develop their programming skills. This proposed system has some pedagogical characteristics that distinguish it from other programming tutoring systems. The proposed system is based on assessment-driven learning whereby pupils are provided with suitable programming learning that fits their appropriate learning levels. Another characteristic of this proposed system is that pupils are learning programming through a deep learning approach, e.g. thinking and analysing how to solve the problem, not like other existing tools which have attempted only to achieve lower learning outcomes, e.g. remembering a concept and then answering multiple-choice questions. Two experimental studies were conducted on pupils from two UK primary schools to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed system, and the results indicated that pupils found the proposed system helped them to learn programming, as well as they made good progress and they enjoyed what they were learning. Consequently, it can be interpreted from the research findings that an automated teaching and learning programming system that supports the right pedagogical aspects, e.g. assessment-driven learning with the inclusion of game-based learning, would make the learning process more successful and enjoyable for pupils in early years of education.
Brachytelephalangic chondrodysplasia punctata: a case series to further delineate the phenotype: note of concern.

The authors (Gupta et al., 2012) apologize for reusing without acknowledgment the text and observations derived from the article by Nino et al. (2008). Sentence 4, and 6 to 9 in the first paragraph of the Discussion (page 115) were reproduced from the article by Nino et al. (2008). The lead author and the authors’ institute have informed the Editors and Publisher of Clinical Dysmorphology that they have taken steps to educate local authors and put procedures in place to prevent a reoccurrence.
Mosaic Gene Expression in Nuclear Transfer-Derived Embryos and the Production of Cloned Transgenic Pigs from Ear-Derived Fibroblasts1

Abstract Genetically modified domestic animals have many potential applications ranging from basic research to production agriculture. One of the goals in transgenic animal production schemes is to reliably predict the expression pattern of the foreign gene. Establishing a method to screen genetically modified embryos for transgene expression before transfer to surrogates may improve the likelihood of producing offspring with the desired expression pattern. In order to determine how transgene expression may be regulated in the early embryo, we generated porcine embryos from two distinct genetically modified cell lines by using the nuclear transfer (NT) technique. Both cell lines expressed the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP); the first was a fibroblast cell line derived from the skin of a newborn pig that expressed eGFP, whereas the second was a fetal derived fibroblast cell line into which the eGFP gene was introduced by a retroviral vector. The reconstructed embryos were activated by electrical pulses and cultured in NCSU23. Although the in vitro developmental ability of each group of NT embryos was not different, the eGFP expression pattern was different. All embryos produced from the transduced fetal cell line fluoresced, but only 26% of the embryos generated from the newborn cell line fluoresced, and among those that did express eGFP, more than half had a mosaic expression pattern. This was unexpected because the fetal cell line was not clonally selected, and each cell had potentially different sites of integration. Embryos generated from the newborn cell line were surgically transferred to five surrogate gilts. One gilt delivered four female piglets, all of which expressed eGFP, and all had microsatellites identical to the donor. Here we demonstrate that transgene expression in all the blastomeres of an NT embryo is not uniform. In addition, transgene expression in a genetically manipulated embryo may not be an accurate indicator of expression in the resulting offspring.
Spectral parameter estimation by an iterative quadratic maximum likelihood method.

An iterative quadratic maximum likelihood (IQML) method is applied to spectral parameter estimation of 1D NMR data. A careful comparison of the linear prediction (LP) method based on the singular value decomposition, the total least squares (TLS) method, and IQML has clearly demonstrated that IQML is superior to both the LP and TLS methods in terms of the accuracy and bias of the estimation. The superiority of the IQML method lies in the fact that constraints on the NMR signal can easily be incorporated into the iterative process. The iterative quadratic maximum likelihood method can be used to analyze NMR data directly or to provide a starting point for further data refinement.
Recycling design using the artificial life technology to optimize evaluation function

In this study, we consider the modelling about cost and environmental load through whole life cycle, usually, even though they have been discussed in each stage of life cycle individually. Furthermore, we propose evaluation and prediction system incorporating modelling by group method of data handling for the recycling design. In proposal system, it evaluates the recycling design by computer simulation on the assumption that users store necessary information to data base.
DagMap : exploration interactive de relations d'héritage

Cet article decrit le DagMap, une variante du TreeMap qui permet d'explorer des hierarchies decrivant des relations d'heritage multiple. Ces relations apparaissent naturellement lorsque l'on decrit l'architecture de systemes orientes objets. Les relations entre les societes meres et leurs filiales (a tous niveaux) fournissent un autre exemple. Dans ces deux cas, le graphe sous-jacent forme un graphe oriente acyclique (DAG). L'exploration de ces hierarchies se fait a l'aide d'un TreeMap construit a partir d'un DAG. La gestion du niveau de detail de la visualisation est obtenue en reprenant les idees originales de Furnas et van Ham & van Wijk, etendues aux DagMap.
Automatization and control of home-made micro injection pumps for a microfluidic system

Microfluidics is a research field which allow us control over liquids at micrometric scale. It has several applications such as chemistry, biomedicine and biology, among others. Microfluidics enable the development of systems capable of cell manipulation and very precise chemical reactions with substantial improvements over common or bulk synthesis, let us fabricate nanocarriers with specific characteristics. In fact, the customization of variables is what makes it so versatile. One of the main issues we deal with is the control and injection of small volume fluids inside the microfluidic cell, ranging in some microliters per hour with a controlled and constant velocity. Commercial systems of this kind are expensive but instead they can be replaced by a home-made system. Here we present the design and implementation of a low cost 4-channel microinjection system by using 3D printing, Arduino and LabView. The implemented pumps are capable to deliver a minimum of 70 μl/h and a maximum of 54 ml/h of fluid, are scalable, easy to reproduce and low cost, making available for a wide range of researchers, the time of development is small compared with the acquisition and importation time, from a couple of days against months, with a price in the range of hundreds instead thousands of dollars and with similar characteristics to those commercially available.
Social Identity Theories in Education

There is a large body of research in studies of schooling, particularly ethnographic case studies, which posits that collective action among students undermines engagement in school and contributes to educational inequality. Perhaps the most well known examples are research which hypothesizes a ‘burden of acting white’ among minorities (Fordham & Ogbu, 1986), and Willis’ (1977) study of hell-raising among working-class British youth. Although those are the most frequently cited examples, Cohen (1955) advanced a similar hypothesis with regard to delinquent behavior more generally decades earlier. At the heart of this research are questions about how peer-group interaction and intra-group process affect educational outcomes. Although not explicitly referenced as such, studies which posit a link between collective action among various student groups and disengagement are applications of social identity theory to the study of student engagement. In this paper I review studies of engagement from a social identity theory perspective. I consider three social identities in particular; race/ethnic identity, social class identity, and track-based identities. To what extent can collective action explain why some student groups are less engaged than others? I find that apart from track-based identities, educational research does not suggest that the disengagement of low-status youth can be frequently attributed to a social-identity mechanism. Competing explanations for disengagement have not yet been ruled out, and further studies of the relationship between classroom and peer-group context and engagement are needed. I conclude by posing the hypothesis that while further empirical research is needed, trackbased identities in particular are highly salient, and thus likely to influence peer group behavior and consequently engagement.
Comparison of ANN and ANFIS based MPPT Controller for grid connected PV systems

This paper presents comparison analysis of artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) artificial intelligence (AI) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques for tracking maximum power from the Photovoltaic (PV) array. These algorithms are essential since PV arrays have non-linear characteristics with its firm dependence on changing solar irradiation and temperature. To increase the power extracted from solar panel, PV array must operate at a maximum power point (MPP) under given load conditions. Conventional algorithms such as Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental-Conductance (Inc-Cond) suffers, with high oscillations during changing solar irradiation leading to low efficiency, therefore AI based techniques are designed and presented in this paper. ANFIS is more efficient in tracking MPP with less settling time, less overshoot, less oscillations and less time taken to track MPP than ANN based Controller.
Cost‐effectiveness of screening for bowel cancer

TheNational Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP), based on a faecal occult blood test (FOBT), was introduced in mid 2006 to people aged 55 and 65 years, andwas extended in 2009 to include people aged 50 years. It is due to be further expanded to biennial testing in 2020, with gaps filled annually until then. This delay in full implementation is related to the perceived cost of the NBCSP as well as infrastructure and logistical difficulties.
Executive Functioning and Memory for the Rey-Osterreith Complex Figure Task Among Community Adolescents

Although there is empirical support for the link between executive functioning (EF) and visual memory among adults, there has been less exploration of this link among children, especially adolescents. We examined the relation between several EF measures and performance on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (RCF) in a sample of 160 community adolescents. Each was administered the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Conners Continuous Performance Test (CPT), and the RCF, scored using Bernstein and Waber's (1996) Developmental Scoring System (DSS). Ability to organize the RCF related to memory encoding/retrieval, but not to long-term storage. Indexes derived from the WCST and CPT failed to correlate with any RCF index, raising questions about the relation between DSS scores and EF. Even so, data supported the convergent validity of the DSS system as a reflection of visual-constructional ability and provided evidence of the importance of organizational strategies to visual memory among adolescents.