Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy-Efficient Amplifiers Based on Quasi-Floating Gate Techniques

Energy efficiency is a key requirement in the design of amplifiers for modern wireless applications. The use of quasi-floating gate (QFG) transistors is a very convenient approach to achieve such energy efficiency. We illustrate different QFG circuit design techniques aimed to implement low-voltage, energy-efficient class AB amplifiers. A new super class AB QFG amplifier is presented as a design example, including some of the techniques described. The amplifier has been fabricated in a 130 nm CMOS test chip prototype. Measurement results confirm that low-voltage, ultra-low-power amplifiers can be designed, preserving, at the same time, excellent small-signal and large-signal performance.
Recognizing distributions using method of potential functions

Abstract This article focuses on the idea of recognizing distributions rather than performing classic goodness-of-fit tests (GoFTs). In order to recognize distributions, the method of potential functions (MoPF) is used, focusing the reader’s attention on recognizing the normal distribution. The prevailing part of the article concentrates on the implementation of a classifier of distributions that involves MoPF. Recognizing distributions is supported by numerous examples of simulation and real data examples. GoFTs are conservative. When the test statistics exceeds relevant critical value, there are reasons to reject What next? The answer is: Recognizing distributions by means of the MoPF.
Impact of Farmers Training Centers Based Training on Major Crops Productivity and Households Welfare: the case of Gurage Zone, Central Ethiopia

The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of Farmers Training Centers Based Training on Major Crops Productivity and Households Welfare in southern Ethiopia. To select the respondent households applied a multi-stage stratifying sampling method. First, 3 districts Were selected purposively. Then, 3 Rural Kebeles from Fully functional Farmers Training Centers and 2 Rural Kebeles from non-functional Farmers Training Centers Were randomly selected. In the third stage, a total of 360 sample household heads (151) modular training graduates and 209 non-graduates) were selected. The interview schedule, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews were data collection tools. The result indicates the frequency of extension contact and farmers Confidence in extension service significantly affects both trained and not trained farmer’s crop productivity. I find that trained farmers have 124.27% more net cereal crop income per cultivated land size as compared to the counterfactual scenario of non-trained. I find that it increases the consumption expenditure per adult equivalent of trained farmers by about 204.83% compared to the counterfactual scenario of non-trained. The constraint which is considered by the respondents as a first-rank and important constraint was the fence problem which accounts for 21.63% of the total respondents. Farmer training center-based modular training could be considered as a key pathway that contributes to the improvement of agricultural production and Welfare of the rural community. The output of this study will give concrete information on intervention strategies to enhance the role of FTC-based training intervention strategies to improve farmers’ livelihood in surrounding rural areas.
R~~/NF-KB /IKB familv: intimate tales of association and dissociation

The growth, differentiation, and development of an or-ganism is orchestrated by the choreographed expression of a wide array of genes. The switching "on" and "off" of gene expression is the province of transcription factors, which operate singly or in association with other proteins. Usually transcription factors form families, whereas individual members perform specific, distinct, or similar tasks. One such family includes the R~~/NF-KB proteins (NF-KB), which have the unique property of being sequestered in the cytoplasm in association with inhibitory proteins called IKB. of IKB~, and regulation of nuclear translocation of free NF-KB.
Do different kinds of introductions influence comprehension and memory for scientific explanations?

ABSTRACT Compelling and interesting introductions are considered an important way of fostering reader engagement with expository-text content. But only a handful of projects have examined this prescriptive advice. In three experiments, we examined the effects of two different genres of introductions—narrative and expository—on comprehension and memory for texts providing scientific explanations. In Experiment 1, participants read texts without introductions and subsequently completed either an immediate recall or a delayed recall seven days later for a subset of the texts. In Experiment 2, participants read the same texts including either all narrative or all expository introductions and after reading were asked to complete an immediate recall. In Experiment 3, participants read the same texts, this time half including narrative introductions and half including expository introductions, and completed a delayed recall seven days later for all the texts. Across all experiments, participants recalled more of the scientific explanations when they were preceded by introductions than when they were not, and narrative introductions were better recalled than expository introductions. Participants who read both types of introductions were also slower to read scientific explanations that followed narrative introductions compared to expository. Taken together, these results indicate that introductions influence memory and reading times for scientific explanations but not always in ways that align with popular instructional prescriptions and advice.
Ship Roll Prediction Algorithm Based on Bi-LSTM-TPA Combined Model

When ships sail on the sea, the changes of ship motion attitude presents the characteristics of nonlinearity and high randomness. Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of ship roll angle prediction by traditional prediction algorithms and single neural network model, a ship roll angle prediction method based on bidirectional long short-term memory network (Bi-LSTM) and temporal pattern attention mechanism (TPA) combined deep learning model is proposed. Bidirectional long short-term memory network extracts time features from the forward and reverse of the ship roll angle time series, and temporal pattern attention mechanism extracts the time patterns from the deep features of a bidirectional long short-term memory network output state that are beneficial to ship roll angle prediction, ignore other features that contribute less to the prediction. The experimental results of real ship data show that the proposed Bi-LSTM-TPA combined model has a significant reduction in MAPE, MAE, and MSE compared with the LSTM model and the SVM model, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Wind power costs driven by innovation and experience with further reductions on the horizon

The costs of wind power have declined to levels on par with or below those of conventional sources in many parts of the world. Wind power has become one of the fastest‐growing sources of new electricity generation. We take stock of wind power cost evolution over the past 20 years, review methodologies commonly used for cost assessment, discuss the potential for continued cost reduction, and identify anticipated cost and value drivers. Our scope includes both onshore and offshore wind technologies. We draw from a vast body of literature on these topics to highlight key trends, approaches, and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss strategies for wind power assets to enhance their marginal economic value to the broader power system and consumers. We identify a myriad of factors that are expected to influence the future cost and value of wind power, including siting, project scale, turbine size, operational synergies, commodity prices, advancements in turbine technologies, enhanced management of the wind resource, and novel control technologies that provide value for the electricity grid. Because the common methods for forecasting future costs each have their own strengths and weaknesses, we find the best insights are elicited from a combination of methods. Overall, researchers and analysts anticipate further sizable cost reductions for onshore and offshore wind. Midrange forecasts for levelized cost of energy in 2050 are generally between $20 and $30/MWh for onshore wind and $40 and $60/MWh for offshore wind, a reduction to approximately half of today's levels. Optimistic forecasts anticipate these levels as early as 2030.
Hierarchical Task Assignment and Path Finding with Limited Communication for Robot Swarms

Complex service robotics scenarios entail unpredictable task appearance both in space and time. This requires robots to continuously relocate and imposes a trade-off between motion costs and efficiency in task execution. In such scenarios, multi-robot systems and even swarms of robots can be exploited to service different areas in parallel. An efficient deployment needs to continuously determine the best allocation according to the actual service needs, while also taking relocation costs into account when such allocation must be modified. For large scale problems, centrally predicting optimal allocations and movement paths for each robot quickly becomes infeasible. Instead, decentralized solutions are needed that allow the robotic system to self-organize and adaptively respond to the task demands. In this paper, we propose a distributed and asynchronous approach to simultaneous task assignment and path planning for robot swarms, which combines a bio-inspired collective decision-making process for the allocation of robots to areas to be serviced, and a search-based path planning approach for the actual routing of robots towards tasks to be executed. Task allocation exploits a hierarchical representation of the workspace, supporting the robot deployment to the areas that mostly require service. We investigate four realistic environments of increasing complexity, where each task requires a robot to reach a location and work for a specific amount of time. The proposed approach improves over two different baseline algorithms in specific settings with statistical significance, while showing consistently good results overall. Moreover, the proposed solution is robust to limited communication and robot failures.
A maximum entropy optimization model for origin-destination trip matrix estimation with fuzzy entropic parameters

We formulate a bi-objective distribution model for urban trips constrained by origins and destinations while maximizing entropy. We develop a flexible and consistent approach in which the estimations of generated/attracted parameters are fuzzy with entropic membership functions. Based on a fuzzy-entropy approach, we measure the uncertainty associated with fuzzy variables. We solve the problem by means of compromise programming considering a weighted sum objective function. We compute and extend concepts such as accessibility, attractiveness, and generalized cost, typically obtained in transport economic analyzes. Considering that our formulation is convex, we solve the problem in one step only, maintaining the uniqueness of the the optimization problem solution. We present two numerical examples to illustrate the proposed methodology, analyzing the impact of the results based on strong mathematical and statistical arguments. Finally, we show that our approach has better prediction capabilities than traditional fuzzy models regarding aggregated indicators and structural distribution patterns.
Pickering Emulsion as an Efficient Platform for Enzymatic Reactions without Stirring

To address the current limitations of enzymatic reactions, we develop a novel strategy to conduct stirring-free biphasic enzymatic reactions. This strategy involves translation of a conventional biphasic enzymatic reaction to a water-in-oil (W/O) Pickering emulsion system by adding a small amount of solid particle emulsifier. In such a system, enzymes, for example, a Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB), are compartmentalized within millions of micron-sized water droplets, while organic substrates are dissolved in the oil phase (outside the droplets). It was demonstrated that CALB-catalyzed hydrolysis kinetic resolution of racemic esters in the stirring-free Pickering emulsion system gave favorable reaction efficiency and enantioselectivity as compared to those for the conventional biphasic system under stirring conditions, which was due to the large reaction interfacial area and the short molecule distances created by the Pickering emulsion droplets. The specific activity was found to depend on the water d.
Migration of Reversing Dunes Against the Sand Flow Path as a Singular Expression of the Speed‐Up Effect

We study the morphodynamics of reversing dunes on the gravel deposits of the alluvial fan of the Molcha river at the border between the Tibetan Plateau and the Taklamakan Desert. Independent sets of wind data show that this area of low sand availability is exposed to two prevailing winds from opposite directions and of different strengths. The predicted resultant transport direction of sand particles is westward. Nevertheless, satellite observations combined with field measurements and ground‐penetrating radar surveys reveal that isolated dunes a few meters high migrate eastward. This apparent dune migration paradox is resolved using numerical and analytical models that take into account the speed‐up effect and the continuous change in dune shape after each wind reversal. When a newly established wind hits what was before the steeper lee slope of the dune, the sand flux at the crest abruptly increases before relaxing back to a constant value as the crest migrates downwind and as the dune reaches a new steady shape. Integrated over the entire wind cycle, we find that this non‐linear behavior causes reversing dunes to migrate against the resultant transport direction. This migration reflects the difference in dune slope seen by irregular storm events blowing to the east and the westward wind of the daily cycle. Thus, we explore the impact of extreme events on dune morphodynamics and examine new aspects of the permanent feedback between dune topography and wind speed. We conclude that transient behaviors associated with crest reversals contribute to the observed diversity of dune patterns, even within the same area for dunes of different sizes.
Density and shrinkage evaluation of AISI 316L parts printed via FDM process

ABSTRACT Metal FDM process is a valid alternative to costly, energy consuming and less accessible metal Additive Manufacturing technologies. Metal parts were fabricated by means of a low-cost FDM machine with a filament composed of 316 L stainless steel particles and polymeric binder mixture, followed by debinding and sintering treatments. The objective of the study is to investigate the possible influence of some relevant FDM printing parameters on dimensional shrinkage and bulk density of the metal samples. The experimental analysis was conducted by means of a statistical method (ANOVA). Besides, a porosity evaluation was carried out to identify the real density values and the amount of opened and closed porosities of samples characterized with highest and lowest bulk density. Lines infill pattern, extrusion speed set to 20 mm/s and 0.1 mm as layer thickness was the combination of process parameters that ensured the highest nominal density (i.e. 95% of the monolithic 316 L nominal density). The statistical analysis did not show any effects due to the nozzle temperature on the bulk density. X and Y shrinkages settled around 16%, while shrinkages along Z-axis showed a greater variability. The samples with the worst bulk density showed a higher percentage of opened porosity, while the percentage of opened porosity for samples with the best combination of process parameters resulted less than 3%.
Improving the Tourist’s Perception of the Tourist Destinations Image: An Analysis of Chinese Kung Fu Film and Television

Cultural media, film, and television works can increase the popularity of the image of tourist destinations, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the tourism industry and obtaining economic benefits. This study takes Chinese kung fu film and television as examples to explore the mechanism of audience participation in the perception of tourist destinations. It further explores the mediating effect of cultural contact. The study took the image perception of tourist destinations as the dependent variable and audience participation as the independent variable. A total of 331 subjects were surveyed, and a multi-layer regression model was established to test the rationality and validity of the hypothetical theoretical model. The research results show that audience participation in martial arts films and television tourism can directly and indirectly affect the audience’s perception of martial arts culture. At the same time, the viewer can achieve contact with martial arts culture through film and television, accordingly forming his or her perception of the destination. In other words, film and television audience participation can bring more cultural contact to the audience. In turn, cultural contact can enhance the image perception of tourist destinations and play an important intermediary role in the process of audience participation by enhancing the perception of tourist destinations. By confirming the variable relationship in Wushu film and television tourism, this research fills the gap between the two aspects, which contributes to promoting the two-way interaction between Wushu film and television works and tourism marketing and achieving the long-term sustainable development of tourism destinations.
Using Content Analysis to Probe the Cognitive Image of Intangible Cultural Heritage Tourism: An Exploration of Chinese Social Media

The industry of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) tourism continues to grow, and social media can serve as an essential tool to promote this trend. Although ICH tourism development is outstanding in China, the language structure and restricted use of social media render ICH difficult for non-Chinese speakers to understand. Using content analysis, this study investigates the structure and relationships among cognitive elements of ICH tourism based on 9074 blogs posted between 2011 and 2020 on Weibo.com, one of the most popular social media platforms in China. The main analysis process consisted of matrix construction, dimension classification, and semantic network analysis. Findings indicated that the cognitive image of ICH tourism on social media can be divided into seven dimensions: institutions, ICH and inheritors, tourism products, traditional festivals and seasons, tourism facilities and services, visitors, and regions. This network vividly illustrates ICH tourism and depicts the roles of organizers, residents, inheritors, and tourists. Among these elements, institutions hold the greatest power to regulate and control ICH tourism activities, and folklore appears to be the most common type of ICH resource that can be developed into tourism activities. Practically, the results offer insight for policymakers regarding ways to better balance the relationships among heritage protection, the business economy, and people’s well-being. Such strategies can promote the industrialization of ICH tourism. In addition, through content analysis, this paper confirms the effectiveness of social media in providing a richer understanding of ICH tourism.
Relationship between Boreal Summer Circulation Trend and Destructive Stationary-Transient Wave Interference in the Western Hemisphere

This study examines the role of the latent heating in exciting the upper-level circulation anomaly which destructively interferes with the climatological stationary wave in the Western Hemisphere during boreal summer. This destructive interference pattern closely resembles the circulation trend which is known to be responsible for surface heat extreme trends. To investigate the mechanism behind this circulation anomaly, daily stationary-transient wave interference and related meteorological variables are analyzed using reanalysis data for the period of 1979-2017. Numerical model simulations forced by reanalysis heating anomalies indicate that the destructive interference pattern is most effectively excited by latent heating anomalies over the North Pacific and eastern Canada. The North Pacific heating anomaly drives circulation anomalies that not only resemble the destructive interference pattern, but also transport moisture into eastern Canada. The resulting latent heating over eastern Canada drives circulation that further reinforces the destructive interference pattern which includes a prominent high pressure system over Greenland. Tropical heating also plays a role in driving the destructive interference pattern. On intraseasonal time scales, the destructive interference pattern is preceded by suppressed Indo-western Pacific heating and enhanced North American monsoon heating. On decadal time scales, both heating centers have strengthened, but the trend of the North American monsoon heating was greater than that of the Indo-Western Pacific heating. These uneven heating trends help explain the resemblance between the destructive interference pattern and the circulation trend over the Western Hemisphere.
A novel offset feed flared monopole quasi‐Yagi high directional UWB antenna

This article is aimed to discuss a novel high directional flared quasi‐Yagi offset feed monopole UWB antenna. The proposed antenna is stamped on an FR‐4 dielectric material of dimensions 40 mm × 48 mm × 1.6 mm, which is exhibiting a permittivity of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.019. It operates within a frequency spectrum of 3.06 to 12.37 GHz that includes the complete FCC ultra‐wideband of 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. Maximum peak gain and radiation efficiency of this antenna are found to be 10.07 dBi at 10.4 GHz and 92.64% at 4.7 GHz, respectively. The presented antenna employs a novel structure comprising of flared elements, directors and offset feed to a planar monopole for achieving directional behaviour. Thanks to the novel technique for enhancing uni‐directional characteristics in the entire operating band. Prototype of the proposed structure is fabricated and measurement results are verified with the simulation results. A good matching is also found between them.
Grid based Energy-Efficient Cross-Layer Optimization Model in WSN Using Dual Mobile Sinks

In recent days, wireless sensor network (WSN) gained more attention among researchers as well as industries. It is composed with massive number of sensors which are independently organized cooperate with one another for collecting, processing and transmitting data to the base station (BS) or sink. Since sensors undergo random deployment in harsh environment, it is difficult or not even possible to replace the batteries. So, energy efficient clustering and routing techniques are preferable to reduce the dissipation of energy and improve the network lifetime. This paper introduces a new Grid based Energy-Efficient Cross-Layer Optimization Model in WSN Using Dual Mobile Sink (GEECLO). The proposed method involves three main processes namely grid partitioning, clustering and routing. Initially, the entire network is partitioned into different zones and then sub zones. Then, type II FL process gets executed to select the CHs and construct the clusters. Finally, dolphin swarm optimization algorithm (DSOA) based routing process takes place to select the optimal path for inter-cluster communication. A detailed simulation analysis takes place to ensure the betterment of the GEECLO algorithm. The obtained experimentation outcome depicted that the GEECLO model offers maximum energy efficiency and network lifetime.