Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identity negotiation processes among Black and Latinx sexual minority young adult mental health service users

Abstract The transition to adulthood presents particular challenges for Black and Latinx sexual minorities in need of mental health services. Identity formation and marginalization during this developmental period can interfere with help-seeking and lead to health disparities. Identity-specific psychosocial supports are needed to assist young adults to successfully navigate these challenges, but research on identity processes, help-seeking, and service-utilization among sexual minority young people of color is very limited. To better understand how multiple minority young people navigate their identities in the context of using, or choosing not to use, mental health services, this study qualitatively explored the experiences of 31 emerging adults. Through in-depth interviews, analyses revealed that young adults negotiated social identity norms about mental health help-seeking by separating from unhelpful norms, managing stigmatized aspects of identity, integrating helpful identity alternatives, and forming individualized perspectives on help-seeking that allowed them to maintain important connections to their minority group identities. Findings are discussed in relation to previous research on ethnic and sexual minority identity development and service utilization. Practice and research recommendations for increasing knowledge, improving help-seeking, and promoting resilience around young adults’ intersectional identities are offered.
Recurrent urinary tract infections in children: risk factors and association with prophylactic antimicrobials.

CONTEXT The evidence regarding risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and the risks and benefits of antimicrobial prophylaxis in children is scant. OBJECTIVES To identify risk factors for recurrent UTI in a pediatric primary care cohort, to determine the association between antimicrobial prophylaxis and recurrent UTI, and to identify the risk factors for resistance among recurrent UTIs. DESIGN, PATIENTS, AND SETTING From a network of 27 primary care pediatric practices in urban, suburban, and semirural areas spanning 3 states, a cohort of children aged 6 years or younger who were diagnosed with first UTI between July 1, 2001, and May 31, 2006, was assembled. Time-to-event analysis was used to determine risk factors for recurrent UTI and the association between antimicrobial prophylaxis and recurrent UTI, and a nested case-control study was performed among children with recurrent UTI to identify risk factors for resistant infections. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to recurrent UTI and antimicrobial resistance of recurrent UTI pathogens. RESULTS Among 74 974 children in the network, 611 (0.007 per person-year) had a first UTI and 83 (0.12 per person-year after first UTI) had a recurrent UTI. In multivariable Cox time-to-event models, factors associated with increased risk of recurrent UTI included white race (0.17 per person-year; hazard ratio [HR], 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-3.16), age 3 to 4 years (0.22 per person-year; HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.37-5.51), age 4 to 5 years (0.19 per person-year; HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.19-5.12), and grade 4 to 5 vesicoureteral reflux (0.60 per person-year; HR, 4.38; 95% CI, 1.26-15.29). Sex and grade 1 to 3 vesicoureteral reflux were not associated with risk of recurrence. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was not associated with decreased risk of recurrent UTI (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.50-2.02), even after adjusting for propensity to receive prophylaxis, but was a risk factor for antibimicrobial resistance among children with recurrent UTI (HR, 7.50; 95% CI, 1.60-35.17). CONCLUSION Among the children in this study, antimicrobial prophylaxis was not associated with decreased risk of recurrent UTI, but was associated with increased risk of resistant infections.
Fathers' Parenting and Early Child Development

Parents are the primary providers of nurturing care for young children’s healthy early development. However, the parenting literature during early childhood has primarily focused on mothers. Consequently, much less is known about fathers and early child development, especially in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs). This mixed methods dissertation combines two empirical quantitative papers and one qualitative paper to examine the roles of fathers for their young children under age-5 years in LMICs, and particularly Pakistan. The first paper examines the association between paternal stimulation, measured by fathers’ involvement in play and learning activities, in relation to children’s developmental outcomes and growth, in 38 LMICs using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. This paper shows that paternal stimulation positively relates to children’s Early Childhood Development Index scores; and moreover, that the association between paternal stimulation and children’s development scores is moderated by levels of stimulation received from other sources. The second paper uses data from a large randomized controlled trial with a longitudinal follow up, the Pakistan Early Development Scale-Up (PEDS) study. This paper investigates underlying paternal and maternal parenting mechanisms that may explain longer-term improvements in children’s cognitive and socioemotional development outcomes at age 4. Findings reveal that some of the positive intervention effects are mediated through increased levels of maternal stimulation, increased levels of paternal stimulation, and bidirectional relations between maternal and paternal stimulation over time.
“I Know It’s Not Saving a Life, but I Know I’m Doing Good…”: The Peer Offender Prevention Service (POPS) at Stony Mountain Institution, Canada

ABSTRACT There is a growing literature on prisoner peer support and mentoring to which this work contributes. This paper examines a form of prisoner peer mentoring at Stony Mountain Institution in the province of Manitoba, Canada. The Peer Offender Prevention Service (POPS) employs prisoners to provide support and mentorship for other prisoners throughout the prison. Based on interviews with POPS members and the POPS coordinator, this paper examines how the POPS initiative works and how POPS members feel about their experiences. We show that the work of POPS members is based on relationships, emotions, listening, compassion, and mutual aid among prisoners, all of which tends to be inhibited by the prison. This paper also analyzes the barriers that POPS members encounter and the challenges that the POPS initiative faces in the prison. In our discussion, we invoke the idea of fast policy to caution against the implementation of such programs in situations where sufficient resources, continuity, mentorship, and commitment are not established.
Academic Motivation and Engagement across Three Generations of Latino/a Junior High School Students

ABSTRACT A significant body of research has now established the critical importance of academic engagement and motivation in determining adolescents’ academic outcomes. Researchers have also begun examining how these factors may differentially impact different ethnic groups, such as Latinos. However, few studies have examined the combined, and potentially interactive, effects of engagement and motivation within Latino/a adolescent populations, and none have done so taking generational status into account. The present study used a multiple groups analysis to model the associations of academic engagement and motivation on academic achievement across three generations of Latino/a adolescents. Results indicate that academic motivation may drive engagement and its effects on academic performance. However, the impact of different types of engagement operate differentially across the three generations of Latino/a students in this sample.
Modelling the relationships between teacher working conditions, job satisfaction and workplace mobility

Teacher shortages are a recurring problem in publicly funded schools, in part because of poor retention. Working conditions in schools are an important predictor of teacher job satisfaction and retention, yet research has so far made limited headway in identifying the specific aspects of the working environment which matter. This research uses representative data on state secondary school teachers in England in 2013 to derive an unusually rich set of working conditions variables. Regression analysis is used to model the relationships between working conditions, teacher job satisfaction and turnover intentions. The results show strong associations with the nature of school leadership, whether teachers have received training in the specific subjects they are assigned to teach and scope for career progression within the school. These results are robust to checks for common source bias. The study identifies ways in which schools can improve retention.
Temporal integration & healthy ageing

When individual images follow each other in a rapid pace, then people can perceive them as if they belong to 1 integrated image. Series of these integrated images help us to perceive the world in a fluent manner. In this dissertation it is investigated whether people can also integrate fast paced sounds. We can conclude that this is indeed the case. It has also been investigated what the effect of age is on this process. It is concluded that older people integrate images and sounds over longer intervals, which could be linked to the slowing down of cognitive process when people age. Finally, it is investigated what the effect of age is on the intelligibility of degraded speech, which is presented at different speeds. The speech was degraded in 2 ways: by (1) removing speech as fixed intervals or (2) filling these intervals of silence with noise. The benefit of adding the noise compared to the intervals of silence is a way to measure the ability to, among other things, use language skills and cognitive processes in such a way that the individual speech parts / information are integrated so that the speech becomes understandable. Results showed that older people have more difficulty coping with faster speech, but gain more benefit from adding the noise with slower speech, probably because of the lifelong gathered language skills.
Brief introduce of the guidance-evaluating the safety of antimicrobial new animal drugs with regard to their microbiological effects on bacteria of human health concern

The use of antimicrobial animal drugs in food-producing animal will result in emergence and selection antimicrobial resistant food-borne bacteria which impact human health adversely. For this reason the guidance has been prepared by the Food and Drug Administration of USA. This article describes the guidance briefly. The risk assessment process which described in this guidance is comprised mainly of a release assessment, an exposure assessment, a consequence assessment, a risk estimation, and identifying steps necessary to mange the risk. The guidance will enlighten our country on the management of antimicrobial animal drugs and microbial food safety.
How social media discourses organize communication online: a multi-level discursive analysis of tensions and contradictions in teens’ online experiences

Media reports frequently frame youth as foolish but also uniquely vulnerable when it comes to social media. However, adult framings of teen online activities and teens’ reported experiences regularly differ due to the privileging of adult concerns. In this paper, we take a youth-centered approach to teen online activities exploring the constitutive processes of social media and the micro-, meso-, and macro-level discourses associated with youth social media use. Through in-depth interviews with 55 culturally and socio-economically diverse young people, we examine the contradictions and tensions that organize teens’ experiences online, as well as the discursive resources they draw on to navigate online life. Our research showcases a multi-level discursive analysis that enables scholars to see how discourses intertwine to organize communication online, foregrounding theoretical implications about how young people resist and reify certain discourses about social media, as well as how identity and imagined audiences are maintained online.
Entrepreneurship as a preferred career option

Purpose Building upon the theory of planned behaviour and the entrepreneurial event model, the purpose of this paper is to test the effects of the following covariates in predicting entrepreneurial intention among tourism students in Bangladesh, namely, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control (PBC), perceived desirability and perceived feasibility. Design/methodology/approach A total of 137 private university students participated in the study by means of questionnaire. The hypotheses were tested using partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Findings Findings indicate that attitude and subjective norm significantly influence perceived desirability. It was also found that subjective norm and PBC positively influence perceived feasibility. Interestingly also, both perceived desirability and perceived feasibility predict entrepreneurial intention. Originality/value The study proves the robustness of the integration of the two intent models in explaining entrepreneurial intention in a developing country. The new PLS predict algorithm has been used to generate and evaluate predictions from the path model estimations.
Negotiating Shame, Silence, Abstinence, and Period Sex: Women’s Shift from Harmful Memorable Messages about Reproductive and Sexual Health

Abstract Early messages about reproductive and sexual health influence personal identities, health behaviors, and ongoing perceptions of sex and sexuality. Women are often socialized with negatively-valenced messages toward understanding their reproductive and sexual health. However, scholarship emphasizes a communicative approach for socializing intimate health behaviors and needs. The present study addresses the communication that prompts a shift in perception from early, harmful memorable messages to a more comprehensive perspective on sexuality. To do so, we qualitatively analyze open-ended survey responses from 191 women. Findings reinforce previous memorable message literature by revealing messages of shame, sex, abortion, childbearing, and fears of infertility. In addition, we extend the memorable messages construct by exploring how more positively valenced messages and individual moments of intervention redirect women in how they understand their intimate health and sexuality.
How Do Effective Upper Elementary Teachers of English Language Learners Show Support?

Background/Context Latino English language learners (ELLs) comprise a rapidly growing portion of the student population, and much empirical attention has been devoted to supporting their English language and literacy proficiency. Less is known about how to support Latino ELLs’ social-emotional needs. Latino ELLs face the dual challenge of learning English and academic content simultaneously; they also may face stigma, anti-immigration sentiment, and deficit perspectives from teachers and peers. Consequently, they may be in especial need of support from their teachers. Research Question This study addresses the question, How do effective teachers show support within upper elementary classrooms with varying levels of English language proficiency? Research Design We employed a multiple and comparative case study approach to answer this question, using videotaped English language arts lessons from the Measures of Effective Teaching data set. We compared how teachers demonstrate supportiveness in three types of fourth- and fifth-grade classrooms: (1) high-ELL and high-gains; (2) no-ELL and high-gains; and (3) high-ELL and low-gains. Conclusion/Recommendations We observed that only high-ELL, high-gains teachers showed supportiveness in the following distinct ways: through contingent and effusive praise, by describing the relevance of content, and by advancing relationships with students. We discussed why these demonstrations of supportiveness may be important, particularly for Latino ELLs. We conclude with ideas for future research and practical implications for teachers and teacher preparation programs.
Clinical Observation on Simiao Pills Combined with Western Medicine for 20 Cases of Rheum atoid Arthritis in Active Stage

Objective To observe the effect and of Simiao Pills (Pills of four miracles) combined with western medicine for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in active sta ge.Methods Forty RA patients in active stage were rand omized into two groups with 20 in each.The control group was orally administered methotrexate and votalin,and the treatment group was given Chinese medicine Simiao Pills addi tionally for 3 months in succession.The changes in clinical symptoms and signs,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C-reactive protein (CRP),and rheumatoid factor (RF),as well as hemorheology indexes were observed after treatment.Results In the treatment group,the total effective rate was 95%,which was superior to 75 % in the control group (P0.05). Symptoms and signs,ESR,CRP,RF and hemorheology indexes of both groups were all improved after treatment (P0.05),the differe nce between the two groups after treatment was statistically significant (P0.05 ). Conclusion Simiao Pills is effective for active RA,and the effect was superior to methothexate.
Navigating Sexuality and HIV/AIDS: insights and foresights of Zimbabwean adolescents

The study navigated insights and foresights of adolescents towards sexuality and HIV/AIDS, premised on Zimbabwean context. 147 secondary school learners (72 females, 75 males, age range 13-20 years) were the randomly sampled participants. Questionnaires based on a 5 point Likert scale written on a continuum of SA-SD and focus group interviews were the main data generating tools. It was found that adolescents are well informed on issues relating to sexuality and HIV/AIDS; however this knowledge was not reflected in their behaviour. Irresponsible sexual behaviour is noted through the information that the adolescents gave. A large number (47.7%) of the adolescents have had sex, 32% of them without any protection, 11% with prostitutes and 2.1% with older people. Participants regarded the school as giving the most reliable information on HIV/AIDS. However, it was revealed that the school was found wanting pertaining to educating adolescents on sexuality and HIV/AIDS. Guidance and Counselling lessons were noted to be few and erratic, in some instances the lessons were not given at all. It was concluded that the learners need more education on sexuality and HIV/AIDS that also includes issues regarding attitudes and behavioural change. Methods and techniques of learning HIV/ AIDS by learners must be changed to a more lucrative visual participatory approach.
Self-directed learning and apprenticeships: an emerging grounded study

This emerging doctoral research is concerned with apprenticeships within traditional trade areas that are employed by a group training organisation (GTO) operating within the Australian Capital Territory and Southern New South Wales geographical regions. Using constructivist grounded theory, data collection and concurrent analysis has commenced, with the researcher using semi-structured interviews of apprentices, supervisors and vocational teachers to understand the processes associated with the development of self-directed learning by apprentices. This paper seeks to engage practitioners and researchers within the vocational education and training (VET) community in identifying and discussing the concept of finding value.
Can a sociolinguistic perspective of Second Language Acquisition solve ‘the longstanding human curiosity’ of learning languages?

Isabelle Sophie Thaler University of Cambridge ist28@cam.ac. uk Published in Training, Language and Culture Vol 3 Issue 3 (2019) pp. 36-55 doi: 10.29366/2019tlc.3.3.3 Recommended citation format: Thaler, I. S (2019). Can a sociolinguistic perspective of Second Language Acquisition solve ‘the longstanding human curiosity’ of learning languages? Training, Language and Culture, 3(3), 36-55. doi: 10.29366/2019tlc.3.3.3
Assessing the Impacts of Pediatric Primary Care Parenting Interventions on EI Referrals Through Linkage With a Public Health Database

We sought to determine whether pediatric primary care interventions targeting positive parenting among low socioeconomic status mothers resulted in reduced referrals to the New York City Early Intervention Program (NYC-EIP). Participants in Building Blocks (BB) and the Video Interaction Project (VIP) were linked with the NYC-EIP administrative dataset to determine referrals. In all, 139 of 422 study participants (31.4%) meeting inclusion criteria were referred to the NYC-EIP. Although referrals did not differ overall by group (VIP 29.8%; BB 33.8%; control 35.3%), differences were found for mothers with education/literacy of seventh grade or higher (interaction p = .02). In that subgroup, VIP was associated with reduced referrals by age 3 years (22.4%; adjusted odds ratio 0.53; 95% confidence interval [0.29, 0.97]), compared with BB (35.0%) and controls (34.3%), with survival analysis showing reduced cumulative risk (p = .04). We conclude that VIP resulted in reduced referrals for early intervention evaluation among children of mothers with seventh-grade education or higher.
From Approximations of Practice to Transformative Possibilities: Using Theatre of the Oppressed as Rehearsals for Facilitating Critical Teacher Education

ABSTRACT Rehearsals and other approximations of practice are often touted as effective pedagogies for preparing teachers to reproduce/replicate practices deemed universally beneficial. However, scholars have noted that reproducing practices across contexts risks undermining equity and justice. This article reports on a three-year project that examined the potential of Boalian Theater and Freirean culture circles to facilitate learning among justice-oriented teacher educators. Using an ethnographic approach, the article shows how, guided by these critical pedagogies, rehearsals can facilitate transformational learning by re-imagining responses to dilemmas of practice in equity-oriented and contextually sensitive ways.
An Assessment of the Nature and Content of Premarital Counselling in the Bantama Assembly of Christ Apostolic Church International, Ghana

The study assessed the nature and content of premarital counselling in Bantama Assembly of the Christ Apostolic Church International (CACI), Kumasi. A sample of 196 premarital counselled spouses were randomly sampled for the study. Sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used. Instruments for the study were self-developed close-ended questionnaire and semi-structured interview guide. The questionnaire included 25 items employing a Likert scale. Five (5) open-ended questions were also used to interview Nine premarital counselled spouses. The items yielded an internal reliability coefficient (Cronbach alpha) of 0.9. The statistical tools used to analyze data were descriptive statistics. Two research questions were formulated and guided the study. The results of the study revealed that general practice of effective premarital counselling and ethical issues were violated. Also, the findings revealed that some topics were sufficiently discussed than others. Based on the findings, it is recommended that a counselling unit be created by churches, fully furnished with resources and manned by knowledgeable persons in counselling, who will ensure that effective premarital counselling will be conducted and not violate ethical issues during premarital counselling sessions. Counsellors will also ensure that all topics are given the needed attention during premarital counselling.