Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accessing Mole-Scanning through Community Pharmacy: A Pilot Service in Collaboration with Dermatology Specialists

Early identification and treatment of malignant melanoma is crucial to prevent mortality. The aim of this work was to describe the uptake, profile of users and service outcomes of a mole scanning service in the community pharmacy setting in the UK. In addition, health care costs saved from the perspective of general practice were estimated. The service allowed patients to have concerning skin lesions scanned with a dermatoscopy device which were analyzed remotely by clinical dermatology specialists in order to provide recommendations for the patient. Patients were followed up to ascertain the clinical outcome. Data were analyzed for 6355 patients and 9881 scans across 50 community pharmacies. The majority of the scans required no further follow-up (n = 8763, 88.7%). Diagnosis was confirmed for 70.4% (n = 757/1118) of scans where patients were recommended to seek further medical attention. Of these, 44.3% were ultimately defined as normal (n = 335) and 6.2% as malignant melanoma (n = 47/757). An estimated 0.7% of scans taken as part of the service led to a confirmed diagnosis of malignant melanoma. This service evaluation has shown that a mole scanning service available within community pharmacies is effective at triaging patients and ultimately playing a part in identifying diagnoses of malignant melanoma.
Modeling Process of Heterogeneous Interaction of Peroxy Radicals with Organic Compound

The model of the process of the heterogeneous interaction of peroxy radicals with organic compound in the presence of oxygen traces has been offered. The model in LangmuirHinshelwood approach at room temperature has been analyzed. By modeling computer program “VALKIN” on the basis of subroutine program ROW-4 has been used. The radicals multiplication, detected earlier in the experiment, by the chain mechanism has been explained.
Impact of Vibration of Piling Hammer on Soil Deformation: Study Case in Highway Construction Section 5 Pekanbaru-Dumai

: In the Pekanbaru-Dumai highway road construction in Section 5 will be built a bridge. The construction of the bridge is in the area of PT TGI gas pipeline. The construction of this bridge uses a pile foundation whose pile is carried out using a beating method using a hammer. The diameter of this pile is 60 cm with a hammer weight of 5 tons and a height of fall of 2.5 meters. This work method will produce vibrations that affect the condition of the gas pipe. One of the aspects that are affected by vibration is the deformation of the soil around the gas pipe. This soil deformation will affect the position of the gas pipe which, if it forms a fairly large slope, may cause gas pipelines to crack. The method used to determine the effect of vibration from the design of the gas pipeline is to use a vibration meter tool. vibration meter is a sensor device that is placed on the stake and on the ground above the gas pipe so that how much vibration and deformation of the soil can be seen. As a result from the test using vibration meter, it was found that the greater the wave velocity due to the design, the greater the deformation that occurs on the soil.
PRESSURE EFFECT ON NITROGLYCERIN SORPTION INSIDE SINGLE-WALL CARBON NANOTUBES: A MONTE-CARLO STUDY

Sorption of drugs in nano-scale materials such as single-wall carbon nanotubes is a very interesting research in nanomedicine. Nitroglycerin is one of drugs that can be used medically as a vasodilator to treat heart conditions. It is one of the oldest and most useful drugs for treating heart disease by shortening or even preventing attacks of angina pectoris. Nitroglycerin can be used to help destroy prostate cancer as well as being used as a heart medicine. Therefore, the study of capability of delivery of nitroglycerin as a drug may be useful in nano-sacle medicine. We apply Monte Carlo simulations to predict the sorptivity of single-wall carbon nanotubes for nitroglycerin at room temperature and varying pressure. The isotherm diagrams for nitroglycerin sorption report to find mechanism of this fluid sorption in single-wall carbon nanotubes. The sorption isotherms show that nitroglycerin can diffuse inside the single-wall carbon nanotubes while their diameter is larger than 10 A . Also, these results can be verified with energy sorption plots. The density field and the distribution energy diagram were prepared to verify the sorption isotherms of nitroglycerin inside single-wall carbon nanotubes.
Distinct oxidative stabilities of char versus soot black carbon: Implications for quantification and environmental recalcitrance

Sequestration in sediments of black carbon (BC) from vegetation fires and fuel combustion may constitute a significant sink of otherwise rapidly cycling carbon from the atmosphere‐biosphere cycle. It also has the potential to provide a historical record of atmospheric BC loadings. Previous treatments of BC as one homogeneous entity are being replaced with the growing awareness of a BC combustion continuum, a range spanning from slightly charred biomass to soot and graphite. Here the relative recalcitrance of different BC forms is evaluated, and implications for both BC quantification and environmental stability are considered. The stabilities of four BC reference materials against thermal oxidation in air were quite distinct with T50%BC values (i.e., the temperature where 50% BC remained in the residue) of 444°C (diesel soot–BC), 388°C (n‐hexane soot–BC), 338°C (wood char–BC), and 266°C (grass char–BC). The implications for BC quantification have been illustrated for a thermal oxidation (the CTO‐375) method commonly applied to study BC in sediments. This technique measured BC:TOC ratios of 78.3 ± 1.3% for the diesel soot–BC and 45.3 ± 6.1% for n‐hexane soot–BC, whereas no CTO375‐BC was detected for the two analyzed char‐BC materials. The greater lability of char‐BC compared to soot‐BC likely reflects higher accessibility to internal microporosity in char‐BC, facilitating internal O2 transfer. Decreasing the temperature cutoff below 375°C to also include char‐BC is not possible as thermograms of nonpyrogenic reference materials indicated that such material would then be artifactually quantified as BC. The presence of mineral oxides in the sediment matrix may lead to a catalytically mediated lowering of the activation energy for soot‐BC oxidation but not for char‐BC or nonpyrogenic organic material. Several recent studies combine to challenge the proposition of complete recalcitrance of BC. Particularly, the thermal lability of char‐BC from grassland fires deserves further attention in order to improve the understanding of BC in the global carbon cycle.
Attenuation of Polyatomic Ion Interferences in Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry by Gas-Phase Collisions

A double quadrupole arrangement to remove polyatomic ions by collisions with an added target gas has been evaluated. The ions Ar2+, ArO+, and ArN+ were attenuated by factors of 50–400 to count rates of ≤100 counts s−1. Fifty to seventy percent of the analyte ions were retained. Removal of polyatomic ions and retention of analyte ions were favored by low-energy collisions with Xe or CH4 rather than typical target gases like N2 or Ar. Products of ion-molecule reactions between background ions and target gas in the first quadrupole could be observed.
Analysis and Separation of Residues Important for the Chemoattractant and Antimicrobial Activities of β-Defensin 3*

β-Defensins are important in mammalian immunity displaying both antimicrobial and chemoattractant activities. Three canonical disulfide intramolecular bonds are believed to be dispensable for antimicrobial activity but essential for chemoattractant ability. However, here we show that HBD3 (human β-defensin 3) alkylated with iodoactemide and devoid of any disulfide bonds is still a potent chemoattractant. Furthermore, when the canonical six cysteine residues are replaced with alanine, the peptide is no longer active as a chemoattractant. These findings are replicated by the murine ortholog Defb14. We restore the chemoattractant activity of Defb14 and HBD3 by introduction of a single cysteine in the fifth position (CysV) of the β-defensin six cysteine motif. In contrast, a peptide with a single cysteine at the first position (CysI) is inactive. Moreover, a range of overlapping linear fragments of Defb14 do not act as chemoattractants, suggesting that the chemotactic activity of this peptide is not dependent solely on an epitope surrounding CysV. Full-length peptides either with alkylated cysteine residues or with cysteine residues replaced with alanine are still strongly antimicrobial. Defb14 peptide fragments were also tested for antimicrobial activity, and peptides derived from the N-terminal region display potent antimicrobial activity. Thus, the chemoattractant and antimicrobial activities of β-defensins can be separated, and both of these functions are independent of intramolecular disulfide bonds. These findings are important for further understanding of the mechanism of action of defensins and for therapeutic design.
Electrochemical Studies on Reduction of Solid Nb2O5 in Molten CaCl2-NaCl Eutectic II. Cathodic Processes in Electrodeoxidation of Solid Nb 2 O 5

Cathodic processes during the electrodeoxidation of solid Nb 2 O 5 in thermally dried and pre-electrolyzed molten CaCl 2 -NaCl eutectic were studied at temperatures 850-950°C using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, respectively. In cyclic voltammograms at 850-950°C, several reduction peaks were clearly observed at the potentials at least 0.8 V vs (Na + , Ca 2 + )/(Na-Ca) less cathodic than those of the metals deposition from the eutectic melt, confirming the concept of cathodic oxygen ionization. The chronoamperometric studies showed that the cathodic processes at the potentials of 0.7-0.2 V vs (Na + , Ca 2 + )/(Na-Ca) always started with the oxygen ionization of the CaNb 2 O 6 film on the surface of the Nb 2 O 5 electrode in the molten CaCl 2 -NaCl eutectic electrolyte, which was governed by the oxygen diffusion within the film toward the CaNb 2 O 6 -electrolyte interface. The subsequent oxygen ionization of the oxides at the surface took place consecutively and/or simultaneously. Surface characterizations of the Nb 2 O 5 electrodes before and after the chronoamperometric measurements revealed that there existed a marked dependence of the morphologies, compositions, and phases on the imposed potential steps and that the calcium cations were intercalated electrochemically into the Nb 2 O 5 structure at the surface at relatively less cathodic potentials than that of the sodium deposition from the molten CaCl 2 -NaCl eutectic.
Dynamics of polymeric liquids. Vol. 1, 2nd Ed. : Fluid mechanics

This book examines Newtonian liquids and polymer fluid mechanics. It begins with a review of the main ideas of fluid dynamics as well as key points of Newtonian fluids. Major revisions include extensive updating of all material and a greater emphasis on fluid dynamics problem solving. It presents summaries of experiments describing the difference between polymeric and simple fluids. In addition, it traces, roughly in historical order, various methods for solving polymer fluid dynamics problems.
Resposta de cultivares de trigo e triticale ao nitrogênio no sistemade plantio direto

This trial was carried out at Selviria county, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, with an annual mean precipitation of 370 mm and annual mean temperature of 23.5 oC IN a typic Acrustox soil. The objec­tive was to evaluate the effect of rates of top dressed N on the agronomics characteristics of five cultivars of wheat and one of triticale in a no-tillage system. The design was the completely random one with split plots with 30 treatments, consisting of the six combination of cultivars in plots consisting of five cultivars of wheat (IAC 364, IAC 370, Embrapa 22, BRS 20 and BRS 207) and one of triticale (IAC 3), and five rates of top dressed N (0, 30, 60, 90 and 20 kg ha - ) in subplots, with four replications. The cultivars of wheat and triticale showed potential to be used in crop rotation systems in the cerrado region with low altitude. The top dressing of nitrogen increased grain yield; the rate of N for the maximum economic efficiency was of approximately 38 kg ha - , with grain yields of 348 and 2872 kg ha - , in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Additional keywords: Triticum aestivum; Triticosecale; irrigation; fertilization.
A rapid technique for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Incubator-shaker method was used as a rapid technique to fabricate an efficient surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate by combination of zero valent nanostructures and carbon fiber, which shows dramatic Raman enhancement of nitroaromatic molecule. The fabricated Ag nanoparticle on carbon-fiber substrate (Ag–C) was used as an efficient SERS substrate to detect the adsorbed 2, 4-dinitrotoluene molecules with a detection limit of 50 ppm. In advent, our developed SERS substrates could have great potential in detecting other nitro-aromatic based-explosive materials, such as 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene molecules. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of Pyrolysis Conditions on Stability of Biochar

Biochar samples were produced by slow pyrolysis under various permutations of different peak pyrolysis temperatures of 300 ~500 ℃ and residence times 2 h or 4 h.With functional groups containing the types of biochar and element ratio as major investigation index,influence of variation of peak temperature and residence time of biochar was analyzed.Results showed that after carbonization of straw,ether bond(C-O-C)and carbonyl(C=O)were not existed,from the result of FTIR.Related to increasing pyrolysis temperature,methyl(-CH 3)and methylene(-CH 2)gradually disappeared while more aromatization was shown by new aromatic compound.Same result will be obtained by increasing the residence time in producing biochar.Result of biochar element showed that both increasing pyrolysis temperature and more residence time could reduce H/C value of biochar and pyrolysis temperature had more influence.Compared with biochar from rice,biochar from corn had more aromatization structure and aromatic skeleton was clearer.
Techniques for the Preparation of Solid Lipid Nano and Microparticles

General ingredients include solid lipid(s), surfactant(s) and water. The term lipid is used here in a broad sense and includes triglycerides (e.g. tristearin), partial glycerides, fatty acids (e.g. stearic acid), steroids (e.g. cholesterol) and waxes (e.g. cetyl palmitate). All classes of surfac‐ tants (with respect to charge and molecular weight) have been used to stabilize the lipid dispersion [2].
Online O↵-policy Prediction

This paper investigates the problem of online prediction learning, where prediction, action, and learning proceed continuously as the agent interacts with an unknown environment. The predictions made by the agent are contingent on a particular way of behaving—specifying what would happen if the agent behaved in a particular way—represented as a value function. However, the behavior used to select actions and generate the behavior data might be di↵erent from the behavior used to define the predictions, and thus the samples are generated o↵-policy. The ability to learn behavior-contingent predictions online and o↵-policy has long been advocated as a key capability of predictive-knowledge learning systems (Sutton et al, 2011, Ring, 2016), but has remained an open algorithmic challenge for decades. The fundamental issue lies with the temporal di↵erence learning update at the heart of most value-function learning algorithms: combining bootstrapping, o↵-policy sampling, and fixed-basis function approximation may cause the value estimate to diverge to infinity (e.g., Q-learning with linear function approximation). A major breakthrough came with the development of a new objective function that admitted light-weight stochastic gradient descent variants of temporal di↵erence learning. Since then, many sound online o↵-policy prediction algorithms have been developed, but there has been limited empirical work investigating the relative merits of all these variants. This paper aims to fill these empirical gaps in the literature as well as provide clarity on the key ideas behind each method. We first summarize the large body of literature on o↵-policy learning, focusing on (1) methods that use computation linear in the number of features and are convergent under o↵-policy sampling, and (2) other methods which have proven useful with non-fixed, nonlinear function approximation. We provide a large empirical study of online, o↵-policy prediction methods in two challenging microworlds with fixed-basis feature representations. We report each method’s sensitivity to hyper-parameters, update variance, empirical convergence rate, and asymptotic performance, providing new insights that should enable practitioners to successfully extend these new methods to challenging large-scale applications.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on vegetative growth and yield of transplanted hybrid rice (oryza sativa l.) Crop

The integrated use of organic and inorganic sources of plant nutrients can help in sustainable and environmentally sound nutrient management of soils that are low in organic matter. A study was conducted during 2009- 10 & 2010-11, on sandy loam soils, low in organic carbon, medium in available phosphorus and potash with pH of 7.5 at Agricultural Research Farm of C.C. R. (P.G.) College, Muzaffarnagar U.P. India, to investigate the comparative use of integrated nutrient management on vegetative growth and yield of hybrid rice. The experiment was laid out with fifteen treatments in a RBD. The treatments were; Control (T1), NPK 100% RDF (T2), NPK 75% RDF (T3), NPK 50% RDF + FYM @ 10 tons ha-1 (T4), NPK 50% RDF + FYM @15 tons ha-1 (T5), NPK 50% RDF + wheat cut straw @10 tons ha-1 (T6), NPK 50% RDF + wheat cut straw @15 tons ha-1 (T7), NPK 50% RDF + Neem cake @ 2.5 tones ha-1 (T8), NPK 50% RDF + Neem cake @ 5 tones ha-1 (T9), NPK 50% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 tons ha-1 (T10), NPK 50% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 tons ha-1 +Azotobacter (T11), NPK 50% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 tones ha-1 +PSB @ 5Kg ha-1 (T12), NPK 50% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 tones ha-1 + Azospirillum (T13), NPK 50% RDF + Azotobacter + Azospirillum + PSB @ 5 Kg ha-1(T14), and NPK 50% RDF + Neem cake @ 2.5 tones ha-1 +FYM @5 tons ha-1 + Azotobacter+PSB @ 5Kg ha-1 (T15). The maximum grain yield (63 and 67 q per hectare during 2009 and 2010, respectively) was obtained with the integration of NPK 50% RDF + Neem cake @2.5 tonnes ha-1 + FYM @5 tonnes ha-1+Azotobacter+PSB @ 5kg ha-1.
Embryonic exposure to propylthiouracil disrupts left‐right patterning in Xenopus embryos

Antithyroid medications are the preferred therapy for the treatment of Graves' disease during pregnancy. Propylthiouracil (PTU) is favored over methimazole (MMI) due to potential teratogenic concerns with MMI. This study was to determine the teratogenic potential of MMI and PTU using a validated Xenopus tropicalis embryo model. Embryos were exposed to 1 mM PTU (EC50=0.88 mM), 1 mM MMI, or vehicle control (water) from stages 2 to 45. Treated embryos were examined for gross morphological defects, ciliary function, and gene expression by in situ hybridization. Exposure to PTU, but not MMI, led to cardiac and gut looping defects and shortening along the anterior‐posterior axis. PTU exposure during gastrulation (stage 8–12.5) was identified as the critical period of exposure leading to left‐right (LR) patterning defects. Abnormal cilia polarization, abnormal cilia‐driven leftward flow at the gastrocoel roof plate (GRP), and aberrant expression of both Coco and Pitx2c were associated with abnormal LR symmetry observed following PTU exposure. PTU is teratogenic during late blastula, gastrulation, and neurulation; whereas MMI is not. PTU alters ciliary‐driven flow and disrupts the normal genetic program involved in LR axis determination. These studies have important implications for women taking PTU during early pregnancy. —Van Veenendaal, N.R. , Ulmer, B. , Boskovski, M.T. , Fang, X. , Khokha, M.K. , Wendler, C.C. , Blum, M. , Rivkees, S.A. Embryonic exposure to propylthiouracil disrupts left‐right patterning in Xenopus embryos. FASEB J. 27, 684–691 (2013). www.fasebj. org
Phase behaviour of mixtures of nature based ionic liquids with volatile fatty acids

The use of industrial waste streams as biomass source is one of the best ways to simultaneously reduce environmental problems and save resources. Various technologies have been developed for biomass conversion, usually with the focus on sugar derivatives, thermochemical treatment and biogas platforms. The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) platform is an emerging and promising route to economically convert biomass into valuable products. [1] Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is an upcoming technology in microbial electrochemical research that provides an attractive route for the production of valuable products, such as VFAs. MES offers new solutions for waste treatment and can add value to waste in a sustainable way. This technology uses electrons derived from the cathode to reduce carbon dioxide and other chemicals into a variety of organic compounds. Among them are acetic, butyric and lactic acid. However, these compounds are present in low concentrations in an aqueous solution, which makes their separation challenging. [2] Low volatile hydrophobic ionic liquids could offer a solution to this problem, as they have been applied as extractants for removal of compounds form aqueous phases due to their specific physicochemical properties. [3, 4] Compared to the conventional separation methods (e.g. distillation, adsorption, precipitation) it is expected that ionic liquids can be used to separate VFAs from the diluted aqueous media using much less energy and generating less wastes. [5] In this work, hydrophobic nature-based ionic liquids are evaluated as extractants for the separation of VFAs (acetic, propionic and butyric acid) from water. The liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) of the ternary system comprising water, VFAs and ionic liquids (e.g., tetraalkylammonium oleate) was determined at 25 C and atmospheric pressure. The obtained results were used to evaluate the influence of the cation, anion and length of the VFAs on the LLE data. Additionally, this work will contribute to the development and optimization of an extraction route for recovery of the VFAs from fermentation broths.
The complete chloroplast genome sequences of Trapa quadrispinosa and T. bicornis var. taiwanensis

Abstract The complete chloroplast genomes of Trapa quadrispinosa and T. bicornis var. taiwanensis were reported in this study. The chloroplast genome of T. quadrispinosa was 155,554 bp in length, containing an LSC of 88,506 bp, an SSC of 18,274 bp, and a pair of IR regions of 24,387 bp each. The chloroplast genome of T. bicornis var. taiwanensis was 155,543 bp in length, including an LSC of 88,497 bp, an SSC of 18,274 bp, and a pair of IR regions of 24,386 bp each. Both genomes had 112 genes, consisting of 78 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the family Trapaceae was closely related to the family Sonneratiaceae.