Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Bi-Objective Field-Visit Planning Problem for Rapid Needs Assessment under Travel-Time Uncertainty

After a sudden-onset disaster strikes, relief agencies usually dispatch assessment teams to the affected region to quickly investigate the impacts of the disaster on the affected communities. Within this process, assessment teams should compromise between the two conflicting objectives of a “faster” assessment, which covers the needs of fewer community groups, and a “better” assessment, i.e., covering more community groups over a longer time. Moreover, due to the possible effect of the disaster on the transportation network, assessment teams need to make their field-visit planning decisions under travel-time uncertainty. This study considers the two objectives of minimizing the total route duration and maximizing the coverage ratio of community groups, as well as the uncertainty of travel times, during the rapid needs assessment stage. In particular, within our bi-objective solution approach, we provide the set of non-dominated solutions that differ in terms of total route duration and the vector of community coverage ratio at different levels of travel-time uncertainty. Moreover, we provide an in-depth analysis of the amount of violation of maximum allowed time for decision makers to see the trade-offs between infeasibility and solution quality. We apply the robust optimization approach to tackle travel-time uncertainty due to its advantages in requiring fewer data for uncertain parameters and immunizing a feasible solution under all possible realizations.
Discussion on the Stiffness of the Drive Chain in the Legs of Biped Robots

Biped robots’ locomotion is realized by driving the joint motion via a drive chain. Therefore, the stiffness of the drive chain is an important factor that affects the drive performance and can influence the locomotion behavior of the biped robot. This work focused on the influence of the stiffness of the leg’s drive chain using a mass-spring model based on the biped robot AIRO built in Zhejiang Lab. Methods for determination of the parameters in the proposed model were presented, including the use of ANSYS Workbench to determine the stiffness parameters and the determination of the inertia parameters by dynamic modelling of the biped robot. Simulation results show that special attention should be paid to the stiffness of the drive train of the leg when designing a biped robot to ensure the walking capability of the robot. Using the model proposed in this work, relations between the executed accuracy of the joint trajectories and the stiffness can be analyzed; after that, the stiffness parameters can be optimized. In addition, simulation results also showed that attention should be paid to manufacturing tolerances to ensure the symmetry of the legs of the bipedal robot in order to reduce the vibration of the robot body. Experiments were conducted on AIRO for validating the proposed model and the simulation analysis.
Grease Degradation Alternate Test Method and Storage Interval for Roller Bearings: An Empirical Research

Pandemic caused parts into prolong storage conditions. Empirical experiment was carried out to determine the viscoelastic behaviour and consistency of unworked grease from inside a wheel roller bearing. The grease samples intervals were 9, 10, 11 and 24 months from stored wheel roller bearings. Fresh grease is also tested as a controlled sample. A rheometer amplitude oscillation test was performed. The grease was tested for contaminants such as oxidation, nitration, soot, sulfation, and water using FTIR. Rheology test exhibited changes in viscoelastic behaviour. Grease consistency changed from grade 2 to grade 1. This confirms that the grease tends to soften and degrade over time. FTIR results revealed that there is no significant contaminant for unworked and packed grease in the wheel. Storage and maintenance interval derived from this study.
Research on Lateral Disturbance Force of the 5-DoF Air-bearing Spacecraft Simulator

The five degrees of freedom air-bearing spacecraft simulator is designed for the purpose of simulating micro satellites autonomous attitude control and orbital maneuver because it can provide a very low friction and 0-g environment in an Earth-bound laboratory.When the simulator is in translation,it is influenced by lateral disturbance force which brings disturbance and reduces the useful effect time of propulsion system.Therefore,a series of reasons which produce lateral disturbance force have been researched,such as the environment,the offset load,the friction,the wind resistance and the working table.Several methods and measures are proposed to reduce lateral disturbance force.With these methods,total lateral disturbance force of the simulator can reach the design requirements.
Unsteady Dusty Fluid over a Permeable Shrinking Surface: A Comparative Study

The work of unsteady flow of dusty fluid across a permeable shrinking sheet is a comparative numerical study. We explore two mathematical formulations for this problem and employ the bvp4c method in MATLAB software to solve both governing equations. It is clear from the findings that both outcomes are the same opposite sign of each other.
Structural Barriers and Narratives of Chinese Social Workers’ Coping Strategies

ABSTRACT Chinese social workers struggle to remain in this emerging profession; structural barriers are a challenging issue. This qualitative research explored the structural barriers Chinese social workers encounter and the coping strategies they utilize through interviews and focus group discussions with 49 experienced social workers. Two themes concerning structural barriers emerged: (a) constraining structural contexts; and (b) immature professionalization. Three categories of coping strategies were identified: (a) building a partnership and integrating resources; (b) utilizing a professional and personal social support network; and (c) improving organizational governance and strategic management. The barriers and coping strategies differentially impacted various career stages.
Multifeature Deep Cascaded Learning for PPG Biometric Recognition

Aiming at the problem that the traditional photoplethysmography (PPG) biometric recognition based on sparse representation is not robust to noise and intraclass variations when the sample size is small, we propose a PPG biometric recognition method based on multifeature deep cascaded sparse representation (MFDCSR). The method consists of multifeature signal coding and deep cascaded coding. The function of multifeature signal coding is to extract the shape, wavelet, and principal component analysis features of the PPG signal and to perform sparse representation. Deep cascaded coding is multilayer feature coding. Each layer combines multifeature signal coding with the result of the previous layer as input, and the output of each layer is the input of the next layer. The function of deep cascade coding is to learn the features of the PPG signal, layer by layer, and to output the category distribution vector of the PPG signal in the last layer. Experiments demonstrate that MFDCSR has better recognition performance than current methods for PPG biometric recognition.
Relationship of Self Efficacy in Medication Understanding with Quality of Life among Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Polypharmacy in Malaysia

Self-efficacy (SE) has been shown to be positively correlated with quality of life (QOL) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Medication understanding (MU) on the other hand, leads to good adherence that indirectly improves QOL. Measuring self-efficacy in medication understanding is useful to ascertain patient’s confidence in medication adherence. However, there is a lack of studies on the relationship between self-efficacy in medication understanding with QOL. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy in medication understanding and QOL, and the factors associated with QOL in elderly with T2DM on polypharmacy. A cross-sectional study was conducted on these populations at primary care specialist clinic. Malay version of MU in SE questionnaire (MUSE) was used. Higher scores showed a better understanding. A revised Version Diabetic Quality of Life-13 (RVDQOL-13) questionnaire was used with lower scores indicating higher QOL. A total of 321 patients participated, with the majority being male (58.3%), Malay (84.7%), a predominant age group of 60–69 (75.7%) with mean age (±SD) of 66.7 (±0.286) years old. The median (IQR) of MUSE was high—30 (4)—while the RVDQOL-13 was low—19 (8)—which demonstrated high QOL. Inverse correlation was found between MUSE and QOL (r −0.14, p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that MUSE score (β −0.282; 95% CI: (−5.438, −2.581); p < 0.001), low-income group (β −0.144; 95% CI: (−3.118, −0.534); p = 0.006) and duration of medications ≥240 days (β −0.282; 95% CI: (−5.438, −2.581); p < 0.001) were associated with better QOL, while medications ≥10 (β 0.109; 95% CI: 0.214, 4.462; p = 0.031) and those with pills and insulin (β 0.193; 95% CI: 1.206, 3.747; p < 0.001) were associated with poor QOL. In conclusion, higher MUSE is associated with better QOL. Findings suggest emphasizing self-efficacy in medication understanding in the management of elderly with T2DM on polypharmacy to improve QOL.
Temperature dependent hyperspectral terahertz imaging of human bone for disease diagnosis

Water is a fundamental component of many biological systems. The ability to detect water therefore provides great insight into system functionality, particularly in the development of disease. In this work, the high interaction of terahertz radiation with water, paired with the dependence of the dynamics of water molecules with varying temperature, is utilised to monitor changes in the composition of bone tissue. Heterotopic ossification (HO) bone samples and deionised free water are measured using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy for varying environmental temperatures, for prospective use in disease diagnosis.
Dynamic Simulation of a Tracked Vehicle Based on RecurDyn

By using RecurDyn,Multi-body dynamics analysis software,a model is established for the running system of a tracked vehicle prototype.The processes of the vehicle motion are simulated both accelerating from its stationary state to a target velocity and keeping a uniform speed on a hard road,and the torque-time history was obtained from the virtual measuring points at the driven shaft of side-reducer.By comparing with the road-test results under the same conditions,the accuracy of the model was verified.
Multi-Agent-Based Coordinated Control of ABS and AFS for Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles

A vehicle with a four-channel anti-lock braking system (ABS) has poor safety and stability when braking on a low-adhesion road or off-road. In view of this situation, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization coordinated control method for ABS and AFS based on multi-agent model predictive control (MPC). Firstly, the single-wheel control method is adopted to establish the single-wheel equation based on the slip rate and the stability equation of the centroid yaw based on AFS. The four wheels and the centroid are regarded as agents. The mathematical model of distributed drive electric vehicles based on graph theory and the coordinated control of AFS and ABS is established to reduce the dimension of the model. Secondly, on the basis of the multi-agent theory, an integrated coordinated control method for AFS and ABS based on distributed model predictive control (DMPC) is proposed to realize the ideal values of the vehicle’s slip rate, yaw rate, and sideslip angle, and improve the braking safety and handling stability of the vehicle. Then, to solve the problems of high levels of resource consumption, low real-time performance, and complex implementation in the optimization of the DMPC solution, a prediction solution method using a discrete simplified dual neural network (SDNN) is proposed to balance the computational efficiency and system dynamic performance. Finally, a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test bench is built to test the effectiveness of the proposed method under the conditions of a low-adhesion road and an off-road.
Influence of a Passenger Position Seating on Recline Seat on a Head Injury during a Frontal Crash

Presently, most passive safety tests are performed with a precisely specified seat position and carefully seated ATD (anthropomorphic test device) dummies. Facing the development of autonomous vehicles, as well as the need for safety verification during crashes with various seat positions such research is even more urgently needed. Apart from the numerical environment, the existing testing equipment is not validated to perform such an investigation. For example, ATDs are not validated for nonstandard seatback positions, and the most accurate method of such research is volunteer tests. The study presented here was performed on a sled test rig utilizing a 50cc Hybrid III dummy according to a full factorial experiment. In addition, input factors were selected in order to verify a safe test condition for surrogate testing. The measured value was head acceleration, which was used for calculation of a head injury criterion. What was found was an optimal seat angle −117°—at which the head injury criteria had the lowest represented value. Moreover, preliminary body dynamics showed a danger of whiplash occurrence for occupants in a fully-reclined seat.
A Series of PSMA-Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescent Imaging Agents

We have synthesized a series of 10 new, PSMA-targeted, near-infrared imaging agents intended for use in vivo for fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS). Compounds were synthesized from the commercially available amine-reactive active NHS ester of DyLight800. We altered the linker between the PSMA-targeting urea moiety and the fluorophore with a view to improve the pharmacokinetics. Chemical yields for the conjugates ranged from 51% to 86%. The Ki values ranged from 0.10 to 2.19 nM. Inclusion of an N-bromobenzyl substituent at the ε-amino group of lysine enhanced PSMA+ PIP tumor uptake, as did hydrophilic substituents within the linker. The presence of a polyethylene glycol chain within the linker markedly decreased renal uptake. In particular, DyLight800-10 demonstrated high specific uptake relative to background signal within kidney, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These compounds may be useful for FGS in prostate, renal or other PSMA-expressing cancers.
A Clinical Investigation on the Theragnostic Effect of MicroRNA Biomarkers for Survival Outcome in Cervical Cancer: A PRISMA-P Compliant Protocol for Systematic Review and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis

Background: The most often diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide is cancer of the cervix. It is also the most prevalent kind of gynecological cancer in women. This cancer originates in the opening of the cervix and spreads through sexual contact. Even though human papillomavirus (HPV) may not cause cancer immediately, it does develop over time as a result of the virus’s lengthy persistence to cause dysplastic changes overtime, particularly in high-risk kinds. The primary objective of this research is to see if miRNAs are dysregulated as a result of treatment resistance in cervical cancer (CC). The aim is to see if these microRNAs may be utilized as biomarkers for detecting chemoresistance in CC, particularly for clinical applications. Methods: The recommended protocol for comprehensive study and meta-analysis (PRISMA-P) standards will be utilized for the analysis and data interpretation. The bibliographic databases will be methodically searched using a combination of search keywords. Based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria, the acquired findings will be reviewed, and data retrieved from the selected scientific papers for systematic review. We will then construct a forest from the pooled Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% C.I. values, data obtained using the random-effects model. Discussion: The focus of this study is to identify the function of miRNAs as a chemoresistance regulator and determine if they have the potential scope to be considered as biomarkers for cervical cancer. Through this systematic review and meta-analysis, the goal is to collect, compare, and analyze the data pertaining to the role of miRNAs in cervical cancer, thereby, enabling us to understand the role they play in chemosensitivity.
The Evolution of Proteomics from 2010 to 2020

This paper presents a brief introduction to proteomics and defining the concept of proteomics. After that, listing some important techniques that used in proteomics from 2010 to 2020. It explores proteomics’ techniques advantages and limitations, and how it has advanced in this past decade. Finally, this paper outlines the proteomics’ evolution and its methods, techniques and modifications made in that period. This paper aim is to analyse and identify the changes and transitions that proteomics has experienced from 2010 to 2020.
Differential Transcriptome Profiling Unveils Novel Deregulated Gene Signatures Involved in Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions at a higher level than normal aging. Although the apolipoprotein (APOE) gene is a major risk factor in developing AD, other genes have also been reported to be linked with complex phenotypes. Therefore, this genome-wide expression study explored differentially expressed genes as possible novel biomarkers involved in AD. The mRNA expression dataset, GSE28146, containing 15 sample data composed of 7 AD cases from the hippocampus region with age-matched control (n = 8, >80 years), was analyzed. Using “affy” R-package, mRNA expression was calculated, while pathway enrichment analysis was performed to determine related biological processes. Of 58 differentially expressed genes, 44 downregulated and 14 upregulated genes were found to be significantly (p < 0.001) altered. The pathway enrichment analysis revealed two altered genes, i.e., dynein light chain 1 (DYNLL1) and kalirin (KLRN), associated with AD in the elderly population. The majority of genes were associated with retrograde endocannabinoid as well as vascular endothelial growth factors affecting the complex phenotypes. The DYNLL1 and KLRN genes may be involved with AD and Huntington’s disease (HD) phenotypes and represent a common genetic basis of these diseases. However, the hallmark of AD is dementia, while the classic motor sign of HD includes chorea. Our data warrant further investigation to identify the role of these genes in disease pathogenesis.
Antioxidant and Antivenom Potential of an Essential Oil, 4-(2-Oxo-propyl)-cyclopentane-1,3-dione, and Allantoin Derived from the Polyherbal Combination of Aristolochia indica L. and Piper nigrum L.

The goal of this study was to identify new compounds from a methanol extract of a polyherbal combination of Aristolochia indica L. and Piper nigrum L. (MECAIPN), two traditional medicinal plants used to cure envenomation, as well as to assess their antioxidant and antivenom properties. MECAIPN yielded EA1 (an essential oil), AA2 (4-(2-oxo-propyl)-cyclopentane-1,3-dione), and W3 ((2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)-urea) (Allantoin). Although EA1 had stronger radical scavenging activity, AA2 had higher DPPH and ferric ion radical scavenging activity, and W3 had higher molybdenum ion radical scavenging activity due to being a single molecule, the binding investigation revealed that EA1 has a greater Stern–Volmer quenching constant (Ksv) than AA2 and W3. Synchronous measurements indicated that EA1, AA2, and W3 bind to tryptophan and tyrosine residues in venom, causing denaturation of the secondary structure of the residue. Finally, the current study concludes that EA1 has more therapeutic antivenom potential, which could be related to the synergism of chemicals found in it. When it came to single compounds, AA2 had stronger antioxidant and antivenom capabilities than W3. To understand the mechanism of action and manufacture the green antivenom medication, more testing of the EA1 and compounds remains required.
Hourly Simulation of an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger in a Low-Energy Residential Building

The earth-to-air heat exchanger (EAHE) is a well-founded and verified solution used in modern buildings both for heating and cooling purposes around the world. However, there is a lack of studies on operation of such devices cooperating with ventilation systems of buildings in hourly time step. In this study, the 5R1C thermal network model of a building from EN ISO 13790 was coupled with the EAHE model from EN 16798-5-1 to calculate hourly outlet air temperature. To improve the effectiveness of the considered solution, an additional algorithm was developed to choose between the EAHE outlet and ambient air as the source of ventilation air. Simulations were conducted in a spreadsheet for a low-energy single-family building. Ground temperature was compared with measurements taken in the considered location. The application of the EAHE with the proposed bypass resulted in a decrease in annual energy use for space heating and cooling from 14.82 GJ and 1.67 GJ to 12.74 GJ and 0.93 GJ, i.e., by 14% and 44%, respectively. Peak hourly heating and cooling thermal power decreased from 2.73 kW and 3.06 kW to 2.21 kW and 2.34 kW. Introduction of a bypass and switching between the EAHE and ambient air as the source of ventilation for the building resulted in annual energy savings of 123 kWh.
The dominant species of piscivorous bird does not adversely affect fishery in the lagoons of the southern Baltic Sea

Abstract The impact of fish-eating birds on fishery has long been debated. It is therefore important that the arguments in this debate be scientifically based. The Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo is a flagship example of a conflict species that has been well studied. In some areas, however, such as the southern Baltic estuarine lagoons, the Goosander Mergus merganser may be more abundant, exerting a potentially greater impact on fisheries. However, this aspect has not been well studied in this region, so this article is an attempt to fill this knowledge gap. Based on the digestive tract content of 23 Goosander drowned in gillnets in Poland, it was found that the most frequently consumed species was Ruffe Gymnocephalus cernua (70% of biomass), followed by Zander Sander lucioperca (13% of biomass), Perch Perca fluviatilis (9% of biomass) and Roach Rutilus rutilus (8% of biomass). Average Goosander numbers in the Vistula and Odra estuaries in 2011–2018 were 11,000 in winter, 4,500 in spring and 2,800 in autumn. These fish-eating ducks were found to consume 242 t of fish annually during this period, whereas at the same time fishermen caught an average of 4,400 t of fish. The species caught by both Goosander and fishermen were mainly Zander (32 t vs 189 t), Perch (21 t vs 668 t) and Roach (19 t vs 701 t). No negative impact of Goosander foraging in the winter preceding the fishery season was demonstrated for any of the above species (Zander R2 = 0.022; Perch R2 = 0.834; Roach R2 = 0.881).