Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in an upward venturi/bubble column combination

The hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of a venturi/bubble column combination were studied at high liquid superficial velocities of up to 0.35 m/s. The gas hold-up was increased by 50% to 150% and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient was tripled when the venturi was used as “gas distributor” instead of a porous distributor. A correlation of the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KLa) with the gas hold-up, valid for gas hold-ups as high as 0.3, was proposed for the cylindrical bubble column section. The energy consumption per mole of oxygen transferred was lower than with most distributors and the oxygen transfer rate per unit of reactor volume was higher than in a bubble column with a porous distributor. The venturi/bubble column combination is a compact and efficient system which does not have the operating problems of systems which require internals. On a etudie les caracteristiques hydrodynamiques et de transfert de matiere d'un venturi combine a une colonne a bulles a des vitesses superficielles du liquide elevees allant jusqu'a 0,35 m/s. La retention de gaz est augmentee de 50 a 150 % et le coefficient volumetrique global de transfert de matiere est triple lorsque le venturi est utilise comme «distributeur de gaz» plutot qu'un distributeur poreux. Une correlation entre le coefficient volumetrique global de transfert de matiere (KLa) et la retention de gaz, valable pour des retentions de gaz aussi elevees que 0, 3, est proposee pour la section cylindrique de la colonne a bulles. La consommation d'energie par mole d'oxygene transferee est inferieure a celle de la plupart des distributeurs et la vitesse de transfert d'oxygene par unite de volume de reacteur est plus grande que dans une colonne a bulles avec un distributeur poreux. Le venturi combine a une colonne a bulles est un systeme compact et efficace qui n'a pas les problemes d'operation des systemes qui necessitent des equipements internes.
A Simple Method To Synthesize Nanowires

By a simple method, that is, by heating raw materials in a flowing gas at ambient pressure, Si3N4, Ga2O3, and ZnO nanowires, SiC nanocables, and SiO2 amorphous nanowires are synthesized without metal catalysts. The diameters of these one-dimensional nanoscale materials are greatly affected by synthesis temperatures. At suitable synthesis temperatures, their diameters are <100 nm. The growth mechanisms of these nanowires are discussed preliminarily.
Bound Exciton and Optical Properties of SnO2 One-Dimensional Nanostructures

One-dimensional nanostructures of direct-forbidden semiconductor SnO2 crystallite have been prepared in large scale via thermal evaporation of tin monoxide at 1100 °C. The anomalous optical emission even lasing phenomena are observed below the band edge under pulsed laser excitation, which usually does not occur for a direct-forbidden band semiconductor. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, UV−vis reflectance spectroscopy, and Raman scattering spectra were used to characterize the as-synthesized products. The processes of multiphonon coupling with exciton dominate in the exciton transition and lasing. The enhancement of exciton−phonon coupling and bound exciton transition could be mapped in the phonon scattering process. The origin of photoluminescence and lasing of SnO2 nanobelts and nanowires was illustrated.
Sonoelectrochemical intercalation and exfoliation for the preparation of defective graphene sheets and their application as nonenzymatic H2O2 sensors and oxygen reduction catalysts

A sonoelectrochemical synthetic method is reported for rapidly preparing and dispersing reduced graphene nanosheets (RGNSECM) stabilized in an aqueous electrolyte. The X-ray photoelectron and Raman results demonstrate that the defects on RGNSECM are predominantly physical and not similar to the chemical defects on reduced graphene nanosheets (RGNCM) synthesized via chemical reduction of graphene oxide nanosheets based on the Hummer's method. The in-plane crystallite size (La) of RGNSECM is 26.8 nm, larger than the 18.2 nm of RGNCM. The RGNs prepared using the sonoelectrochemical method (RGNSECM) were successfully applied as nonenzymatic H2O2 sensors and alkaline oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts. Using electrochemical analysis, a fair comparison of the performances of RGNSECM and RGNCM as H2O2 sensors and ORR catalysts has been performed.
Aerobic Phenol Biodegradation in an Inverse Fluidized-Bed Biofilm Reactor

A new type of bioreactor, an inverse fluidized-bed biofilm reactor, was used for the continuous aerobic biodegradation of phenol in contaminated water. The process proved to be very stable in time, with a constant and high rate of biodegradation obtained during the three-month operation of the bioreactor. This was because of the efficient and simple biofilm thickness control. The effect of the dilution rate on the rate of phenol biodegradation was studied at different inlet phenol concentrations. The biodegradation rate was found to pass through a maximum. Using a kinetic model, this effect was explained by the presence of a large amount of suspended biomass, produced during the biofilm thickness control in the bioreactor.
Construction of bacterial artificial chromosome library from electrochemical microorganisms

A microbial fuel cell is a device that directly converts metabolic energy into electricity, using electrochemical technology. The analysis of large genome fragments recovered directly from microbial communities represents one promising approach to charac-terizing uncultivated electrochemical microorganisms. To further assess the utility of this approach, we constructed large-insert (140 kb) bacterial artiﬁcial chromosome (BAC) libraries from the genomic DNA of a microbial fuel cell, which had been operated for three weeks using acetate media. We screened the expression of several ferric reductase activities in the Escherichia coli host, in order to determine the extent of heterologous expression of metal-ion-reducing enzymes in the library. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences recovered from the BAC libraries indicates that they contain DNA from a wide diversity of microbial organisms. The constructed bacterial library proved a powerful tool for exploring metal-ion reductase activities, providing information on the electron transport pathway of electrochemical microbial (ECM) organisms. Elsevier
Dynamics of the C+C2H2 reaction from differential and integral cross-section measurements in crossed-beam experiments

The reaction between atomic carbon and acetylene has been investigated using complementary crossed molecular beam techniques. Differential cross sections have been obtained for the reactions of both ground and excited carbon atoms, C(3PJ, 1D2)+C2H2(X 1Σg+), in experiments conducted with continuous supersonic beams, mass spectrometric detection, and time-of-flight analysis at a relative translational energy of 29.3 kJ mol−1. The reaction C(3PJ)+C2H2(X 1Σg+) has been found to lead to C3H+H and C3+H2 products in comparable amounts. Both H and H2 elimination pathways are found to proceed through the formation of a C3H2 long-lived intermediate complex whose lifetime may be comparable to its rotational period. The spin-forbidden H2 elimination channel is attributed to the occurrence of intersystem-crossing between the triplet and singlet manifolds of the C3H2 potential-energy surfaces. The reaction C(1D2)+C2H2(X 1Σg+) has been found to lead to formation of C3H+H, with a C3H center-of-mass angular distribution s.
Nutritional Education Program Using the DASH Diet for African Americans

Nutritional Education Program Using the DASH Diet for African Americans by Angela B. Williams MSN, Hampton University, 2008 BSN, Winston-Salem State University, 1992 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice Walden University May 2019 Abstract Hypertension (HTN) is a serious yet common condition that can be prevented or controlled. Complications of uncontrolled HTN can lead to cardiac failure, renal disease, and stroke. In the United States, HTN is greater among African Americans than any other ethnic group and is prevalent in the community in which this project was conducted. ToHypertension (HTN) is a serious yet common condition that can be prevented or controlled. Complications of uncontrolled HTN can lead to cardiac failure, renal disease, and stroke. In the United States, HTN is greater among African Americans than any other ethnic group and is prevalent in the community in which this project was conducted. To address the problem of HTN and its effect on members of the African American (AA) population in the site community, a program of HTN self-management emphasizing patient education and healthy behaviors for the AA community was developed. The purpose of this project was to search the literature for evidence to support a plan to improve HTN among AA participants and to develop an education program for AAs who attended a community health center. The Dietary Approaches to Stop HTN (DASH) diet was identified as the diet of choice for preventing and managing HTN and was incorporated into the plan for the program using the logic model as a framework. A project team made up of a wellness coordinator, 2 fitness staff, a nutritionist, and the program director at the community center evaluated the program. The program included a plan for screening, education, and follow-up evaluation. After multiple sessions of review, the program was unanimously approved by the project team. The final program included 6 weekly educational sessions with a nutritionist and fitness staff working with the participants individually. The project may support positive social change as a program of HTN self-management and control for AAs in a community setting. Nutritional Education Program Using the DASH Diet for African Americans by Angela B. Williams MSN, Hampton University, 2008 BSN, Winston-Salem State University, 1992 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice Walden University May 2019
Hoodwinking the Nation

Bargaining with reading habit is no need. Reading is not kind of something sold that you can take or not. It is a thing that will change your life to life better. It is the thing that will give you many things around the world and this universe, in the real world and here after. As what will be given by this hoodwinking the nation, how can you bargain with the thing that has many benefits for you?
The fate of arsenic in contaminated paddy soil with gypsum and ferrihydrite amendments

Ferrihydrite and gypsum (CaSO 4 ∙2H 2 O) are two chemicals which were suggested to reduce the bioavailability of arsenic (As) in agricultural field. The efficiency of those chemicals added in the paddy field was investigated by pot culture in this study. The results showed As uptake by rice under ferrihydrite treatment was significantly lower than that in the control (36% in shoot), however, plants grown in gypsum show no significant difference in As content compared with those in the control. Sequential extraction showed that As was mainly adsorbed to amorphous and crystalline hydrous oxide. The addition of gypsum did not change the As fractionation in comparison with the control, which may be due to restrained sulphur (S) reduction by the high microbially reducible Fe(III) (150–250 mg kg –1 ), which precipitates with sulphide in preference to As. These results suggest that the chemical Fe oxides efficiently reduce As risk in the paddy.
Influence of short-term irrigation of textile mill wastewater on the growth of chickpea cultivars

The effect of textile mill wastewater on germination, delay index, physiological growth parameters, and plant pigments of two cultivars of chickpea was studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of textile mill wastewater (treated and untreated) at different concentrations (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) for irrigational purposes. The textile effluent did not show any inhibitory effect on seed germination at a lower concentration (6.25%). The other reported plant parameters (delay index, root length, shoot length, dry weight, chlorophyll, and carotenoid) also followed a similar trend. Seeds germinated in 100% effluents but did not survive for longer periods. It has also been concluded that the effect of the textile effluent is cultivar-specific, and due care should be taken before using the textile mill wastewater for irrigation purposes.
Biodegradable Plastic Made from Soybean Products. 1. Effect of Preparation and Processing on Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption

Preparation and processing conditions for making biodegradable plastics from soy isolate and soy concentrate were explored. Soy isolate and concentrate, as well as acid-treated soy isolate and soy concentrate, were compression molded at various moisture levels and molding temperatures. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid were examined for their suitability for treating soy protein with regard to final properties. The molded specimens were tested and calculated for their tensile and yield strength, percent elongation, Young's modulus, and water absorption. The pH of the molding material was crucial with respect to the water absorption of the plastic, with an optimum pH around the isoelectric point of the protein (pH 4.5)
Chaotic oscillation in diffusion flame induced by radiative heat loss

We numerically investigate the dynamic behavior of flame front instability in a diffusion flame caused by radiative heat loss from the viewpoint of nonlinear dynamics. As the Damköhler number increases at a high activation temperature, the dynamic behavior of the flame front undergoes a significant transition from a steady-state to high-dimensional deterministic chaos through the period-doubling cascade process known as the Feigenbaum transition. The existence of high-dimensional chaos in flame dynamics is clearly demonstrated using a sophisticated nonlinear time series analysis technique based on chaos theory.
Removal of heavy metal ions by waste biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The kinetics, equilibriums, and thermodynamics of metal ion ( Pb2+ , Ag2+ , Cu2+ , Zn2+ , Co2+ , Sr2+ , and Cs+ ) biosorption by the waste yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from a local brewery were investigated. The results showed that the biosorption of these metal ions on the biomass was a very rapid process, following the pseudo-second-order equation gave the better fitting results in describing the kinetic data than the pseudo-first-order equation. The equilibrium data could be fitted well with the Langmuir model. The maximum sorption capacity obtained from the Langmuir model followed Pb>Ag>Cu>Zn>Co>Sr>Cs (based on mmol g−1 ). The biosorption process by the yeast was favorable for these metal ions removal according to the constant separation factor ( 0< RL <1 ) from the Langmuir model. The dried yeast cells showed high affinity for Pb2+ uptake as soft ion and low affinity for Cs+ as hard ion biosorption. The calculated values of the thermodynamic constants demonstrated that the biosorption pro.
Buttermilk Based Cobalt Phthalocyanine Dispersed Ferricyanide Mediated Amperometric Biosensor for the Determination of Xanthine

A tissue-based amperometric biosensor for xanthine determination has been developed. The biosensor uses a carbon paste electrode (CPE) which contains buttermilk (BTM) as source of xanthine oxidase (XOD) (EC.1.1.3.2.2.) and cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) as mediator. The system is also mediated with ferricyanide in solution to obtain a double-mediated biosensor. The effect of various variables upon the response was studied. Linearity was observed over the concentration range of 1–15 mM xanthine. The optimum operational pH range for the electrode is 8.0–9.0. Reproducibility was studied and a relative standard deviation (rsd) of 10.26 % was found. After 60 days the normalized response of the BTM-modified electrode was 60 % of the first day.
A dynamic model of the hydrodynamics of a liquid fluidized bed

The efficient design, operation, and scale up of novel fluidized bed bioreactors for direct coal liquefaction require detailed knowledge of reactor axial pressure drop, dispersion of the solid and liquid phases, and the particle size distribution as a function of axial position. In this paper, a fully predictive mathematical description of the hydrodynamics of a liquid fluidized bed, containing no adjustable parameters, is developed. This model is compared with experimental data obtained from a liquid fluidized bed containing finely divided coal particles. The emphasis of this study is the development of a predictive mathematical model to appropriately describe the transient behavior of such systems subject to changes in the liquid superficial velocity. The underlying mathematical treatment of this problem is based on particle mass transport mechanisms of dispersion and convection. The particle velocity responsible for convection and the particle dispersion coefficients were evaluated using correlations developed previously. The comparison of the model predictions with the experimental data for coal fluidized beds shows excellent agreement.
Triplet acetylene: Near infrared electronic absorption spectrum of the cis isomer, and formation from methylene

The electronic absorption spectrum in the gas phase of the metastable 1 3B2 state of acetylene has been observed. Its’ features, including rotational and vibronic structure as well as deuterium isotope effects, agree remarkably well with ab initio theoretical predictions for the 1 3A2–1 3B2 electronic transition of the lowest triplet state in its cis geometry. The metastable species was generated in the Hg‐photosensitized reactions of acetylene, ketene, and diazomethane. In the latter two cases it is probably formed by the reaction 3CH2+3CH2 →C2H2(1 3B2)+H2.
Inter and Intrastrand Vibrational Coupling in DNA Studied with Heterodyned 2D-IR Spectroscopy

Heterodyned 2D-IR, frequency resolved photon echo, and pump−probe spectroscopies were collected to study the couplings and anharmonicities of cytidine and guanosine bases in DNA. Cytidine and guanosine anharmonicities were measured to be 9 and 14 cm-1, respectively. Strong cross-peaks were observed between the guanosine (G) and cytosine (C) carbonyl stretches in the 2D-IR spectra of the self-complementary oligonucleotide dG5C5 (5‘-GGGGGCCCCC-3‘). The spectra are interpreted in terms of inter- and intrastrand couplings between the carbonyl modes, and an excitonic Hamiltonian, based on transition dipole coupling, was used to fit the 2D-IR spectra. The accuracy of this model is discussed in light of observed couplings to the ring modes.
Origami magnetic cellulose: controlled magnetic fraction and patterning of flexible bacterial cellulose

Cellulose of microbial origin is becoming a commodity structural material with promise in a myriad of potential applications. The range of applications can be further enlarged by nanocomposites that provide additional functional properties to the bacterial cellulose. Here, bacterial cellulose films nanocomposited with iron oxide nanoparticles are fabricated by microwave-assisted thermal decomposition within only 5 min and without the need for any post-synthetic treatment. The in situ synthesized nanoparticles are crystalline, less than 10 nm in size, and with a narrow particle-size distribution. Control over the magnetic fraction (from 4 to 40 wt%) is achieved either by employing undried cellulose, cellulose films dried by different methods, or by adjusting the initial iron precursor concentration. Structural, magnetic, and mechanical characterization of the materials is included. All films react easily to an external magnetic field, present a superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature, and are flexible enough to be bent and folded into complex origami shapes. Interestingly, films with low magnetic fraction are also transparent which is a highly attractive property for magnetic materials since most of them are either metallic or absorb visible light. Finally, preliminary results on a strategy to selectively pattern bacterial cellulose with nanoparticles are presented that pave the way to new uses of functional bacterial cellulose.
Toxic effect assessment of pollutant mixtures in Lemna minor by using polyphasic fluorescence kinetics

Analysis of the fast chlorophyll fluorescence rise OJIP and O2 evolution was carried out to assess the toxic effect of copper–diuron, paraquat or flazasulfuron mixtures caused by their interaction on duckweed. Information about energy absorption, electron transport and further metabolic events (e.g., ATP synthesis, CO2 absorption) were obtained from the same fluorescence measurement. Copper with diuron or flazasulfuron acted in slight synergy on the efficiency of PSII photochemistry and on the fraction of inhibited centers. On the contrary, the effect of the Cu2+-paraquat mixture seemed to be antagonistic in regard to the PSII photochemistry parameters. The results suggest that complex interactions between contaminants could exist in natural environments. Polyphasic fluorescence kinetics generate large amounts of informative data that can be used not only to investigate the relationship between photosynthetic electron transport and herbicidal action mechanism but also as a useful physiological tool in detecting contaminant mixture toxicity, such as caused by copper, diuron, paraquat, and flazasulfuron, at an early stage.
Fabrication and complete characterization of polarization insensitive 1310 nm InGaAsP-InP quantum-well semiconductor optical amplifiers

Polarization insensitive 13 10 nm InGaAsP-InP multi-quantum-well (MQW) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), with 7degrees tilted ridge waveguide and buried-window end facets, have been fabricated and fully characterized on chip and module level. SOAs chips with an optimized complex strained MQW active region exhibited less than 1 dB polarization dependence of amplified spontaneous power in the drive current range of 50-200 mA. The amplifier module, having a residual facet reflectivity of 2.8 x 10(-5), achieved 25 dB fibre-to-fibre unsaturated gain, for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarization states, 11.2 dBm saturation output power, and 7.6 dB noise figure at 1310 nm. The polarization dependence of gain was less than 0.6 dB in the 3 dB gain bandwidth of 56 nm. Coupling efficiency played a significant role in the gain, saturation output power and noise figure of a SOA module. Spot-size-converter integrated SOAs with buried heterostructures are expected to exhibit further improved performances.
An investigation of the effects of inorganic inhibitors on the corrosion rate of aluminum alloy using electrochemical noise measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of inorganic inhibitors on the corrosion rate of aluminum alloy using the electrochemical noise (EN) analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques.Design/methodology/approach – EN and EIS measurements were employed to study the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy in Na2SO4(0.50 M)/NaCl(0.20 M) solution in presence of inorganic inhibitors. The time‐series noise patterns were transformed into the frequency domain using fast Fourier transformation, and then their power spectrum densities (PSDs) at specified frequencies were determined and compared with the EIS and polarization results.Findings – The EN, EIS and polarization results were in agreement. The inhibitive effect of the anions decreased in the order: CrO42−>Cr2O72−>NO3−>WO42−>MoO42−>NO2−. The results showed that the slope of PSD of the current (i.e. the “roll off”) was less where inhibition efficiency was greater. The spectral noise impedance and the modulus of.