Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Written Comments by Performance Raters.

A four-level taxonomy is proposed to define the usefulness of rater written comments for supporting letters of recommendation. The taxonomy is used to classify comments on 220 rating forms by 25 raters from two surgery departments regarding performance by third-year medical students. Written comments were classified by the following taxonomy: (1) no comment; (2) vague comment (e.g., overall good performance); (3) descriptive comment (e.g., excellent rapport with patients); and (4) behaviorally referenced comment (e.g., excellent rapport with patients as indicated by numerous complimentary comments from patients). Behaviorally referenced comments were deemed the most useful to directors of clerkships. Two reviewers were trained to read and classify the written comments, and interrater re3it. :. 1ility was assessed by having the raters read and classify 20 of the same forms. Results indicate that individual raters within a department and departments at separate sites differ in the percentage of written rater comments at each of the four levels. While individual rater differences account for differences in comment types, perceived departmental expectations also appear to influence the levels of written rater comments. There is a 13-item list of references. (SLD) ***************************************A******************************* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *****w***************************************************************** tw, 1.18 OEPAIMOINT OF IDUCATIOX Oexe ca Eck/cabana+ Re Watch sod trimprovemene EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CEN1TR MAX) ctocurnen) hoe been re/wadi/cm) as waved hem lee person or *mammalian origtrrattna . 1 T1 Mow changes hare been made to angrove reproductroe chalet, Pc:polls of via* 01 opmons staled ,rs floc e men? cr0 not necessaray represent "oaf Of RI poseon or palmy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Introducing a Robotic Arm For Remedial Teaching: The impact of motion type on robot-student interaction

This project is an attempt to investigate the efficacy of a Robotic Arm as a paradigm-changing teaching aid in a graphomotorics therapy environment. The project investigates if a collaboration between human teacher and a robotic arm can significantly improve the quality of a teaching session. A series of experiments tested two modes of robotic arm movements: "Human-like" and "Robotic" with two different robots. The experiments featured exercises that improve graphomotorics contributing abilities such as fine motor skills, serial and spatial memory. These exercises, based predominantly on pointing and gesturing by a teacher, were conducted by a robotic arm, and included feedback on successful completion of the task. Results of preliminary experiments showed that in addition to positive interaction between the student and the robot, the basic relationship between student and teacher was also impacted by shifting the balance of power. Further research is required to conclude the optimal human-robot involvement.
Immersive Control of a Robot Surrogate for Users in Palliative Care

Quality of life (QoL) is especially important for palliative care patients, who can be at risk of mental health issues. This project aims to design and implement an immersive control system for a robotic surrogate, that allows users to interact as naturally as possible with their loved ones from a remote location, and navigate appropriately, in order to improve QoL for those living with a terminal illness.
Influence of Dominance and Drift on Lethal Mutations in Human Populations

We consider disease-causing mutations that are lethal when homozygous. Lethality involves the very strongest form of negative selection, with the selection coefficient against the disease-carrying homozygote having its maximum value of unity. We determine results for the behavior of the frequency of a lethal allele in an effectively infinite population. This includes an estimate of the time it takes to achieve equilibrium, and a description of transient behavior associated with a sudden change in the fitness of the heterozygote. We determine analogous results for a finite population, showing that a lethal disease-causing allele needs to be described by a modified Wright-Fisher model, which deviates from the standard model, where selection coefficients are assumed small compared with 1. We show that a by-product of the dynamics, resulting from the absence of the disease-allele carrying homozygote in adults, is the general constraint that the frequency of the disease-causing allele cannot exceed 12. The results presented in this work should prove useful to a number of areas including analysis of lethal/near lethal mutations in Mendelian disorders and, in particular, for exploring how mutation-selection-drift balance explains the current spectrum of mutation frequencies in humans. While the number of empirical examples of overdominance in lethal genetic disorders is not large, relatively high observed heterozygote frequencies may be a hint of transient heterozygous advantage in nature. For lethal disorders with anomalous frequencies, such as cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs, our analysis lends further support to the role that transitory episodes of weak overdominance may play in the evolution of lethal mutations.
Maximum Aerobic Function: Clinical Relevance, Physiological Underpinnings, and Practical Application

The earliest humans relied on large quantities of metabolic energy from the oxidation of fatty acids to develop larger brains and bodies, prevent and reduce disease risk, extend longevity, in addition to other benefits. This was enabled through the consumption of a high fat and low-carbohydrate diet (LCD). Increased fat oxidation also supported daily bouts of prolonged, low-intensity, aerobic-based physical activity. Over the past 40-plus years, a clinical program has been developed to help people manage their lifestyles to promote increased fat oxidation as a means to improve various aspects of health and fitness that include reducing excess body fat, preventing disease, and optimizing human performance. This program is referred to as maximum aerobic function, and includes the practical application of a personalized exercise heart rate (HR) formula of low-to-moderate intensity associated with maximal fat oxidation (MFO), and without the need for laboratory evaluations. The relationship between exercise training at this HR and associated laboratory measures of MFO, health outcomes and athletic performance must be verified scientifically.
Multimodal Training by Demonstration for Robot-Assisted Surgery

Improving surgical training has the potential to reduce medical errors and consequently to save many lives. We briefly present our efforts to improve this training for robot-assisted surgery. In particular, we explore how data collected from expert demonstrations can enhance the training efficiency for novices. Thus far, our results show that combining hand-over-hand training based on experts' motion data with trial and error training can improve the training outcomes in robotic and conventional laparoscopic surgery settings. We briefly describe our current efforts for exploring how gaze-based training methods, based on experts' eye gaze data, can improve the training outcomes as well.
The Impact of Affective Verbal Expressions in Social Robots

This research investigates whether there is an ethical concern in robots misrepresenting their internal state through speech. Participants were asked to discuss their food preferences with a robot, where the robot would either respond through facts or an implied personal stance. Results show that there are no significant differences in the way participants perceived the robot or accepted the interaction; nor that the interaction influenced their mood. This indicates that the use of personal opinion by a robot does not significantly impact participants' opinion of the robot and therefore may not necessarily be a concern in human-robot interactions.
Cotinine Enhances Fear Extinction and Astrocyte Survival by Mechanisms Involving the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Signaling

Fear memory extinction (FE) is an important therapeutic goal for Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cotinine facilitates FE in rodents, in part due to its inhibitory effect on the amygdala by the glutamatergic projections from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The cellular and behavioral effects of infusing cotinine into the mPFC on FE, astroglia survival, and the expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) 2 and 8, were assessed in C57BL/6 conditioned male mice. The role of the α4β2- and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on cotinine’s actions were also investigated. Cotinine infused into the mPFC enhanced contextual FE and decreased BMP8 expression by a mechanism dependent on the α7nAChRs. In addition, cotinine increased BMP2 expression and prevented the loss of GFAP + astrocytes in a form independent on the α7nAChRs but dependent on the α4β2 nAChRs. This evidence suggests that cotinine exerts its effect on FE by modulating nAChRs signaling in the brain.
How do People Perceive Privacy and Interaction Quality while Chatting with a Crowd-operated Robot?

The aim of this study is to understand users' experience and their perceived privacy, while interacting with a crowd-operated social robot. We conducted a between-subjects user study, wherein the robot broadcasts both audio and video to crowd workers in one condition, as opposed to broadcasting only the participants' audio cues in the other condition. A sample of 14 students took part in this study, and was divided into 2 groups (video and No-Video group). Participants were asked to use the help of a crowd-operated Pepper robot to find their next holiday destination. Once the interaction was completed, participants assessed the social intelligence, user experience and privacy aspects of the robot in both conditions. No significant differences were experienced by participants regarding social intelligence and user experience across both conditions. Interestingly, less privacy was perceived by the group with an audio-only broadcast feed compared to the audio-video feed.
Identification of Pan-Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers Through Integration of Multi-Omics Data

Prognostic biomarkers dedicating to treat cancer are very difficult to identify. Although high-throughput sequencing technology allows us to mine prognostic biomarkers much deeper by analyzing omics data, there is lack of effective methods to comprehensively utilize multi-omics data. In this work, we integrated multi-omics data [DNA methylation (DM), gene expression (GE), somatic copy number alternation, and microRNA expression (ME)] and proposed a method to rank genes by desiring a “Score. ” Applying the method, cancer-specific prognostic biomarkers for 13 cancers were obtained. The prognostic powers of the biomarkers were further assessed by C-indexes (ranged from 0.76 to 0.96). Moreover, by comparing the 13 survival-related gene lists, seven genes (SLK, API5, BTBD2, PTAR1, VPS37A, EIF2B1, and ZRANB1) were found to be associated with prognosis in a variety of cancers. In particular, SLK was more likely to be cancer-related due to its high missense mutation rate and associated with cell adhesion. Furthermore, after network analysis, EPRS, HNRNPA2B1, BPTF, LRRK1, and PUM1 were demonstrated to have a broad correlation with cancers. In summary, our method has a better integration of multi-omics data that can be extended to the researches of other diseases. And the prognostic biomarkers had a better prognostic power than previous methods. Our results could provide a reference for translational medicine researchers and clinicians.
Visuo-tactile Mixed Reality for Offline Cobot Programming

Manual guidance of a collaborative robot arm (i.e., moving the robot arm by hand) is a technique to program the robot without coding and in the context of the job. However, it requires the robot to be available and not in operation. As a workaround, we propose performing manual guidance on a hologram of that same robot, the feasibility of which we are investigating. A potential limitation of this approach is the lack of tangibility of the hologram, for which we are investigating the contribution that mid-air haptics (MAH) can make. Early results suggest beneficial effects from tactile feedback on AR pick-and-place.
A new view on the morphology and phylogeny of eugregarines suggested by the evidence from the gregarine [i]Ancora sagittata[i] (Leuckart, 1860) Labbé, 1899 (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida)

1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation 2 CNRS, UMR 7144, Laboratoire Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Roscoff, France 3 CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Roscoff, France 4 Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic 5 Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation 6 Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation 7 CNRS 7245, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation Moléculaire (MCAM), Paris, France 8 Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), UMR 7245, Paris, France
The Effect of Robot's Ice-breaking Humor on Likeability and Future Contact Intentions

This study explores the effect of social robot's use of ice-breaking humor on likeability and future contact intentions. Result from a laboratory experiment showed that jokes used at greetings and topic transition were effective in enhancing likeability and reducing awkwardness, while the intention to use the robot for a longer period was not affected by the use of humor. We suggest to include social jokes when designing the first encounter with robot, as long as the jokes do not interfere with task performance. This work may be helpful in deciding whether to insert humor and how to dispose humor in robot's speech.
Receptivity & Interaction of Social Robots in Hospitals

For social robots to be deployed in an interaction-centred environment such as a hospital, entities need to understand how to design human-robot interactions for the technology to be adopted successfully. For instance, if the robot was to be placed at a hospital concierge, it would need to engage visitors similar to a human concierge, either through verbal or non-verbal gestures (social cues). In this study, we investigate two hypotheses. Firstly, we hypothesized that various attention-drawing social cues significantly correlate to the receptivity of the robot. Secondly, we hypothesized that humans preferred medium of information transfer is through verbal interaction. We set up a humanoid concierge robot, Cruzr, in a hospital for 5 days as a trial. Our findings indicate an increase in receptivity when Cruzr performed a social cue as compared to neutral mode and that the preferred mode of communication was touch over voice.
Morphological peculiarities of DNA-protein complexes in dormant Escherichia coli cells, subjected to prolonged starvation Condensation of DNA in dormant cells of Escherichia coli

One of the adaptive strategies for the constantly changing conditions of the environment utilized in bacterial cells involves the condensation of DNA in complex with the DNA-binding protein, Dps. With the use of electron microscopy and electron tomography, we observed several morphologically different types of DNA condensation in dormant Escherichia coli cells, namely: nanocrystalline, liquid crystalline, and the folded nucleosome-like. We confirmed the presence of both Dps and DNA in all of the ordered structures using EDX analysis. The comparison of EDX spectra obtained for the three different ordered structures revealed that in nanocrystalline formation the majority of Dps protein is tightly bound to nucleoid DNA. We demonstrated that the population of the dormant cell is structurally heterogeneous, which allows cells to respond flexibly to environmental changes. It increases the ability of the whole bacterial population to survive under extreme stress conditions.
Association of Adipocytokines With Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Arterial Stiffness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results in increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness; however, the association between adipocytokines and IMT/arterial stiffness in OSA patients is unclear. Methods: We enrolled 95 normal weight and overweight, not obese, participants from May 2018 to December 2018 in this study. All subjects underwent a carotid artery ultrasound examination and polysomnography. Blood samples were used to determine serum chemerin, adiponectin, SFRP5, and apelin levels. Correlations between two quantitative variables were assessed using the Pearson or Spearman coefficient. Stepwise models of multiple linear regression analysis were performed to assess the independent relationships. Result: IMT in OSA patients was significantly higher than in the non-snorers. There were significant differences in the arterial stiffness parameters such as distensibility coefficient (DC), compliance coefficient (CC), and pulse wave velocity (PWV). SFRP5 level was lower in OSA patients than in non-snorers. Adiponectin correlated with CC, DC, and PWV among OSA patients; however, the relationship disappeared after a multivariable adjustment. Age was independently associated with all quantitative IMT and stiffness indices. AHI and minimum oxygen saturation (Mini SaO2) were independently related to arterial stiffness. Conclusion: The quantitative IMT and carotid arterial elasticity were significantly worse among OSA patients. Age was the main independent factor correlated with quantitative IMT and arterial stiffness, and AHI and mini SaO2 were associated factors. There were no relationships between aforementioned adipocytokines and quantitative IMT/carotid arterial stiffness.
Your Eyes Never Lie: A Robot Magician Can Tell if You Are Lying

Detecting lies in a real-world scenario is an important skill for a humanoid robot that aims to act as a teacher, a therapist, or a caregiver. In these contexts, it is essential to detect lies while preserving the pleasantness of the social interaction and the informality of the relation. This study investigates whether pupil dilation related to an increase in cognitive load can be used to swiftly identify a lie in an entertaining scenario. The iCub humanoid robot plays the role of a magician in a card game, telling which card the human partner is lying about. The results show a greater pupil dilation in presence of a false statement even if in front of a robot and without the need of a strictly controlled scenario. We developed a heuristic method (accuracy of 71.4% against 16.6% chance level) and a random forest classifier (precision and recall of 83.3%) to detect the false statement. Additionally, the current work suggests a potential method to assess the lying strategy of the partner.
MoBi - An Interactive Classroom Robot Helping Children to Separate Waste

In order to live more sustainably, it is important to reduce, reuse and recycle the waste we produce. Therefore, those three principles of the waste hierarchy should be adopted from an early age to become a natural part of everyday behavior. Our robotic monster MoBi is an interactive robot designed to teach children how to handle familiar waste types produced in the classroom setting. It supports children in the decision-making process involved in correct waste separation and educates them about ways to avoid waste in the first place.
Exploring Interactions between Rogue Autonomous Vehicles and People

We present an early discussion on how people might interact with a rogue autonomous vehicle (AV). A rogue autonomous vehicle is one that may behave in unpredictable and dangerous ways because of malfunctioning sensors, vehicle tampering, or malicious hacking. Rogue AVs present a danger both to passengers' and nearby pedestrians' safety. To address this challenge we conducted a preliminary design study and gathered and analyzed design ideas that highlight how people envision they could interact with rogue AVs by both identifying and reacting to them. Our initial results highlight design concepts such as redundant sensors, tiered responses, audio and visual cues, and ways to obtain trusted confirmation. We conclude with a discussion on future steps for designing for interactions with rogue AVs.
Zebrafish models of sarcopenia

ABSTRACT Sarcopenia – the accelerated age-related loss of muscle mass and function – is an under-diagnosed condition, and is central to deteriorating mobility, disability and frailty in older age. There is a lack of treatment options for older adults at risk of sarcopenia. Although sarcopenia's pathogenesis is multifactorial, its major phenotypes – muscle mass and muscle strength – are highly heritable. Several genome-wide association studies of muscle-related traits were published recently, providing dozens of candidate genes, many with unknown function. Therefore, animal models are required not only to identify causal mechanisms, but also to clarify the underlying biology and translate this knowledge into new interventions. Over the past several decades, small teleost fishes had emerged as powerful systems for modeling the genetics of human diseases. Owing to their amenability to rapid genetic intervention and the large number of conserved genetic and physiological features, small teleosts – such as zebrafish, medaka and killifish – have become indispensable for skeletal muscle genomic studies. The goal of this Review is to summarize evidence supporting the utility of small fish models for accelerating our understanding of human skeletal muscle in health and disease. We do this by providing a basic foundation of the (zebra)fish skeletal muscle morphology and physiology, and evidence of muscle-related gene homology. We also outline challenges in interpreting zebrafish mutant phenotypes and in translating them to human disease. Finally, we conclude with recommendations on future directions to leverage the large body of tools developed in small fish for the needs of genomic exploration in sarcopenia. Summary: Zebrafish and other small fish have become powerful disease models. Here, we summarize the evidence for the utility of small teleost models for genetic research in sarcopenia – the age-related loss of muscle mass and function.
Voice Puppetry: Towards Conversational HRI WoZ Experiments with Synthesised Voices

In order to research conversational factors in robot design the use of Wizard of Oz (WoZ) experiments, where an experimenter plays the part of the robot, are common. However, for conversational systems using a synthetic voice, it is extremely difficult for the experimenter to choose open domain content and enter it quickly enough to retain conversational flow. In this demonstration we show how voice puppetry can be used to control a neural TTS system in almost real time. The demo hopes to explore the limitations and possibilities of such a system for controlling a robot's synthetic voice in conversational interaction.