Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective Effects of Chlorogenic Acid in a Mouse Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Associated with Reduced Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has been reported to have various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptosis effects. However, the role of CGA in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and the underlying mechanisms remain undiscovered. The current study aims to investigate the effect of CGA on neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis after inhibition of EMMPRIN in a collagenase-induced ICH mouse model. Dose optimization data showed that intraperitoneal administration of CGA (30 mg/kg) significantly attenuated neurological impairments and reduced brain water content at 24 h and 72 h compared with ICH mice given vehicle. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that CGA remarkably decreased the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in perihematomal areas at 72 h after ICH. CGA also reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2/9 (MMP-2/9) at 72 h after ICH. CGA diminished Evans blue dye extravasation and reduced the loss of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. CGA-treated mice had fewer activated Iba-1-positive microglia and MPO-positive neutrophils. Finally, CGA suppressed cell death around the hematoma and reduced overall brain injury. These outcomes highlight that CGA treatment confers neuroprotection in ICH likely by inhibiting expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-2/9, and alleviating neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, cell death and brain injury.
‘It was Supposed to be a Secret’: a study of disclosure and stigma as experienced by adults with differences of sex development

ABSTRACT Background Differences of sex development (DSD) are a group of congenital conditions that involve variations in sex chromosomes, genes, external and/or internal genitalia, hormones, and secondary sex characteristics. The present study sought to highlight the everyday challenges faced by adults with DSD as well as to understand how issues such as disclosure, information sharing, and stigma affect their daily life. Method We applied an interpretative phenomenological study design to explore the first-person perspectives. Semi-structured qualitative interviews of 15 adults aged 30–70 years living in Norway with five different DSD conditions (Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome and hypospadias) were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Living with DSD, indicated doing a balancing act between hiding and/or exposing what participants perceived differed from others bodies. Communication regarding sensitive topics proved to be important. The participants were doing invisible work to manage the balance between concealing and revealing their feeling of differentness, a work effort that was not necessarily perceivable to others but still affected everyday life of the participants. Furthermore, the participants’ experiences of disclosure changed over time, as those who were diagnosed during childhood found that disclosure became easier with advancing age. However, being diagnosed as an adult seemed to increase the feeling of difference and complicate disclosure. Conclusion Individuals with DSD should receive adequate information and have someone to practice disclosure towards, which could possibly strengthen the psychosocial aspects of living with their condition. The results emphasize the need to help individuals with DSD achieve a balance between disclosure and self-protection, overcome stigma, and determine when and how information about their DSD should be provided to others.
Microservices architectural based secure and failure aware task assignment schemes in fog‐cloud assisted Internet of things

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has applications in many domains and is growing these days progressively. The applications are e‐business, e‐healthcare, and e‐transportation. Recently, the container microservices‐based Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) has gained popularity, a lightweight framework compared to the monolithic virtual machine‐based system. MCC combines fog nodes or cloud nodes with a base station to run the applications. However, storing the sensitive data of IoT applications on the untrusted nodes and failure of services are critical challenges in the existing architecture. This study proposes a novel microservices‐based by combining fog and cloud services with efficient schemes. The first scheme is the Latency Aware Task Assignment Algorithm, which determines the optimal assignment of tasks to minimize the makespan of all applications. The second scheme is Fully Homomorphism Encryption, which ensures data security before an offload to any external assistance for execution. The final one is the Failure Aware, which handles any transient failure during application execution in the architecture. The experimental results show that the recommended architecture improved resource utilization, and the proposed schemes satisfied the security demand while reducing the makespan of applications.
Nitrate Contamination in Groundwater: Evaluating the Effects of Demographic Aging and Depopulation in an Island with Intensive Citrus Cultivation

Despite rapid population aging and depopulation in Japan, groundwater nitrate contamination still poses serious environmental problems. One of the main factors contributing to elevated nitrate levels in Japanese groundwater sources is agricultural intensification, frequently because of increased fertilizer use. We investigated the impact of population aging and depopulation on groundwater nitrate contamination on a western Japanese island that has extensive citrus farming. In comparison to Ocho village, where the average age of farmers is 73 years, Kubi village’s farmers are slightly older on average, at 76 years, and agricultural land has decreased by 46% over the past ten years, from 2005 to 2015. Ocho had 830 residents, which was twice as many as Kubi. In comparison to Ocho (4.8 mg/L), Kubi village had higher average NO3−−N concentrations (6.6 mg/L). NO3−−N contamination sources in Kubi and Ocho were determined using stable nitrogen isotopes and a Bayesian isotope mixing model. These source distributions were more strongly associated with social and land use factors. It was believed that the older farmers in Kubi employed a significant quantity of chemical fertilizers, which caused inefficient nitrogen uptake by plants, leading to increased leaching and more groundwater contamination than in Ocho.
Experimental investigation of embedded micro-pin-fins for single-phase heat transfer and pressure drop

Three-dimensional (3D) stacked integrated circuit (IC) chips offer significant performance improvement, but offer important challenges for thermal management including, for the case of microfluidic cooling, constraints on channel dimensions, and pressure drop. Here, we investigate heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of a microfluidic cooling device with staggered pin-fin array arrangement with dimensions as follows: diameter D1⁄4 46.5 lm; spacing, S 100 lm; and height, H 110 lm. Deionized singlephase water with mass flow rates of _ m1⁄4 15.1–64.1 g/min was used as the working fluid, corresponding to values of Re (based on pin fin diameter) from 23 to 135, where heat fluxes up to 141 W/cm are removed. The measurements yield local Nusselt numbers that vary little along the heated channel length and values for both the Nu and the friction factor do not agree well with most data for pin fin geometries in the literature. Two new correlations for the average Nusselt number ( Re) and Fanning friction factor ( Re ) are proposed that capture the heat transfer and pressure drop behavior for the geometric and operating conditions tested in this study with mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.9% and 1.7%, respectively. The work shows that a more comprehensive investigation is required on thermofluidic characterization of pin fin arrays with channel heights Hf< 150 lm and fin spacing S1⁄4 50–500 lm, respectively, with the Reynolds number, Re< 300. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4039475]
An Improved Model for Five-Phase Induction Motor Based on Magnetic Noise Reduction Part II: Pole-Slot Scheme

For the reduction in the electromagnetic noise level of three-phase induction motors, many empirical rules and analytical models have been established to select the matching scheme of pole and slot, but they are not fully applicable to five-phase squirrel cage induction motors (FSCIM). In this paper, combined with the slot-number phase diagram (SNPD), and the electromagnetic force-vibration-acoustic analytical model deduced in Part I, the influence of pole-slot schemes, including five-phase regular-size phase-belt and fractional-slot winding, on magnetic noise is analyzed. The feasibility of electromagnetic noise prediction is verified by finite element simulation and experiments. Taking a 4 kW FSCIM as a prototype, noise prediction is carried out for all the slot-number matching schemes with pole pairs not exceeding three. For two noise reduction targets, which reduce the maximum single-frequency noise in the steady-state operation and the average noise during startup, the pole-slot numbers matching rule of FSCIM is given. This improved model is also applicable in different power ranges for the noise reduction design of five-phase motors.
Fuzzy Neural Network PID Strategy Based on PSO Optimization for pH Control of Water and Fertilizer Integration

In the process of crop cultivation, the application of a fertilizer solution with appropriate pH value is more conducive to the absorption of nutrients by crops. If the pH of the irrigation water and fertilizer solution is too high, it will not only be detrimental to the absorption of nutrients by the crop, but will also damage the structure of the soil. Therefore, the precise regulation of pH in water and fertilizer solutions is very important for agricultural production and saving water and fertilizer. Firstly, the article investigates the hybrid control of fertilizer and water conditioning systems, then builds a fuzzy preprocessing controller and a neural network proportional–integral–differential controller, and optimizes the neural network parameters by means of an improved particle swarm algorithm. The effectiveness of the controller was verified by comparison with the common proportional–integral–differential control and fuzzy algorithm control for fertilizer control and fuzzy preprocessing neural network control. Simulation experiments for this study were designed through the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform, and the simulation results show that the algorithm has good tracking and regulation capabilities in the system. Finally, the four control algorithms are experimentally validated under different pH regulations using designed field experiments. The results show that, compared with other control algorithms, the control algorithm in this paper has a smaller overshoot and good stability with a shorter rise time, which can achieve the purpose of better regulating the fertilizer application system.
PELATIHAN SOFTWARE NVIVO UNTUK MENUNJANG PENELITIAN KUALITATIF BAGI MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG

Terdapat dua pendekatan penelitian yaitu kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian kuantitatif banyak dipilih pada penelitian sosial karena mudah untuk mendapatkan data, sedangkan penelitian kualitatif jarang dipergunakan karena belum banyak peneliti yang memahami keunggulannya. Penggunaan software kualitatif tidak familiar bagi peneliti karena terdapat beberapa alasan yang melatarbelakangi, sehingga diperlukan adanya pelatihan dalam mempergunakan software penelitian kualitatif salah satunya adalah Nvivo. Pelatihan software Nvivo dilakukan dan ditujukan pada mahasiswa Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Semarang. Pelatihan dilakukan secara daring dengan memberikan penjelasan terkait dengan dasar-dasar pendekatan kualitatif beserta keabsahan data dan pengolahan data dengan menggunakan software. Peserta diberikan langkah-langkah interpretasi data dengan mempergunakan software Nvivo. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa Mahasiswa memiliki ketertarikan dan kemampuan dalam mempergunakan software kualitatif yang dapat dipergunakan untuk menunjang kegiatan penelitian untuk menyelesaikan tugas akhir. Keberhasilan pelatihan diukur dari feedback yang diperoleh setelah melakukan pelatihan penguatan penelitian kualitatif dengan mempergunakan software Nvivo. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa puas dan memiliki peningkatan keterampilan yang sesuai dengan tujuan pelatihan.
What makes long‐term monitoring convenient? A parametric analysis of value of information in infrastructure maintenance

Information collected by monitoring systems can provide a significant economic benefit to the operation and maintenance of infrastructure components only under specific conditions. The information has to be precise, not redundant, related to relevant decision problems under uncertainty as, for example, the appropriate scheduling of maintenance actions, and the decision maker needs to be able to process that information and react timely. All these considerations can be naturally embedded in the value of information (VoI), a utility‐based metric for assessing the impact of the additional information in decision making under uncertainty. In this paper, we investigate the relation between the VoI and key features of the monitoring system, of the component deterioration and of the decision‐making process, including measure accuracy and availability, deterioration rates, damage predictability, reaction time, maintenance costs, and the economic discount factor. By leveraging previous work, we model the maintenance process as a partially observable Markov decision process, and we compute the VoI of long‐term monitoring. Our proposed framework allows for a detailed quantitative analysis on the joint effects of these features and can be useful to identify conditions when the benefit of monitoring is high, to assign priorities among components that deserve to be instrumented or to optimize the allocation of resources to monitoring efforts.
Integrating the use of social media for group collaboration in ESP classroom

The rapid development of information technology has been facilitated the change of how we communicate. With the mediation of technology, such as social media, there are no boundaries of time and distance to talk with others. This research aimed to report on the collaborative satisfactions and experinces of higher education students which occurred during completion in English as Specific Purposes class. To answer the questions, a set of questionnaire was distributed. The results showed that overall students showed a positive view of teamwork embedded through social media. This research tried to understand how students perceive collaboration and how they collaborate on learning tasks through the use of social media.
Analysis of the Possibility of Forming Stiffening Ribs in Litecor Metal-Plastic Composite Using the Single Point Incremental Forming Method

Efforts to reduce COx are extremely important, which forces the use of materials and technologies that reduce the weight of means of transport in order to reduce energy consumption. Currently, aluminum alloys and FRP composites are still too expensive for mass industry applications. Presented in this study, Litecor is a three-layer composite that combines the high strength of steel with the low density of plastic. Thanks to the use of external steel covers 0.3 mm thick and a light core 0.7 mm thick, high stiffness was achieved while maintaining a relatively low weight. The weight reduction in comparison with steel blanks with the same stiffness is up to 40%. Litecor is mainly developed by ThyssenKrupp, it is a promising construction material, but it requires development the technology of forming and joining. In this study, the possibility of forming the Litecor layered composite was investigated using the single-point incremental sheet forming (SPIF) method. As part of the research, the stiffening ribs were shaped, the maximum depth of the embossing was determined. The degree of thinning in selected cross-sections of the embossing was determined. The influence of the rotational speed of the tool and the feed rate on the properties of the shaped surface was also analyzed. Incorrectly selected shaping parameters have been shown to damage the zinc coating on the inner surface of the embossing.
A 0.297-pJ/bit 50.4-Gb/s/wire Inverter-Based Short-Reach Simultaneous Bidirectional Transceiver for Die-to-Die Interface in 5nm CMOS

This paper presents a clock-forwarded, Inverter-based Short-Reach Simultaneous Bi-Directional (ISR-SBD) PHY targeted for die-to-die communication over silicon interposer or similar high-density interconnect. Fabricated in a 5nm standard CMOS process, ISR-SBD PHY demonstrates 50.4Gb/s/wire (25.2Gb/s each direction) and 0.297pJ/bit on a 0.75V supply over a 1.2mm on-chip channel.
Technology Acceptance in Socially Assistive Robots: Scoping Review of Models, Measurement, and Influencing Factors

Objectives We summarized technology acceptance and the influencing factors of elderly people toward socially assistive robots (SARs). Methods A scoping review whereby a literature search was conducted in Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases (2006–2021) to retrieve studies. No restrictions on study methodology were imposed. Results Out of the 1187 retrieved papers, 35 studies were finally included in the study. The articles covered various aspects, including general attitudes towards using SARs, technology acceptance theory models, and factors associated with technology acceptance. Twelve studies reported a positive attitude towards SARs. Three explicit theoretical frameworks were reported. Studies involving the elderly reported three themes that influence attitudes towards SARs: individual characteristics, concerns/problems regarding robots, and social factors. Conclusions This review elucidates on the suitability of theory-based framework as applied to acceptance of SARs. We found that research on technology acceptance with regard to SARs is still in the developmental stages, and further studies of assessment tools for SARs are required. It is also essential to consider the factors that influence the acceptance of SARs by older people to ensure that they meet the end goal requirements of the user.
Distributed Visual Crowdsensing Framework for Area Coverage in Resource Constrained Environments

Visual crowdsensing applications using built-in cameras in smartphones have recently attracted researchers’ interest. Making the most out of the limited resources to acquire the most helpful images from the public is a challenge in disaster recovery applications. Proposed solutions should adequately address several constraints, including limited bandwidth, limited energy resources, and interrupted communication links with the command center or server. Furthermore, data redundancy is considered one of the main challenges in visual crowdsensing. In distributed visual crowdsensing systems, photo sharing duplicates and expands the amount of data stored on each sensor node. As a result, if any node can communicate with the server, then more photos of the target region would be available to the server. Methods for recognizing and removing redundant data provide a range of benefits, including decreased transmission costs and energy consumption overall. To handle the interrupted communication with the server and the restricted resources of the sensor nodes, this paper proposes a distributed visual crowdsensing system for full-view area coverage. The target area is divided into virtual sub-regions, each of which is represented by a set of boundary points of interest. Then, based on the criteria for full-view area coverage, a specific data structure theme is developed to represent each photo with a set of features. The geometric context parameters of each photo are utilized to extract the features of each photo based on the full-view area coverage criteria. Finally, data redundancy removal algorithms are implemented based on the proposed clustering scheme to eliminate duplicate photos. As a result, each sensor node may filter redundant photographs in dispersed contexts without requiring high computational complexity, resources, or global awareness of all photos from all sensor nodes inside the target area. Compared to the most recent state-of-the-art, the improvement ratio of the added values of the photos provided by the proposed method is more than 38%. In terms of traffic transfer, the proposed method requires fewer data to be transferred between sensor nodes and between sensor nodes and the command center. The overall reduction in traffic exceeds 20% and the overall savings in energy consumption is more than 25%. It was evident that in the proposed system, sending photos between sensor nodes, as well as between sensor nodes and the command center, consumes less energy than existing approaches due to the considerable amount of photo exchange required. Thus, the proposed technique effectively transfers only the most valuable photos needed.
SIMULATION MODELING OF 2.5D MILLING DYNAMICS BY END MILLS

A mathematical model for simulation modeling of 2.5D end milling is presented. The model takes into account the loop closed of the cutting process in the elastic machining system through the feedback in the form of elastic shifts along the coordinate axes. The dynamics of the system are represented by a single-mass model with two degrees of freedom. A block diagram of the milling process using transfer functions, which reflects the cross-links of the real machining system. It is shown that the main cause of regenerative oscillations is cutting along the trail from the previous pass. The mathematical model is compiled in state variables, which allows the use of numerical methods for simulation modeling. The linearization coefficients relate the cutting force to the feed per tooth of the mill and the cutting depth. An application program has been created that uses a time-frequency approach to modeling the 2.5D milling process. Therefore, it is possible to observe dynamic processes both in the form of transient characteristics in time and in the form of amplitude-frequency characteristics in the form of a Nyquist diagram. An application program has been created, which makes it possible to observe processes in time in an interactive mode, thanks to the built-in virtual oscilloscope. It provides the possibility of a simulation experiment to determine the influence of all the initial data of the system on the dynamics of its behavior. The results of the influence of the cutting mode for determining the boundary of stability in the coordinates of the cutting speed – feedrate are presented. It is shown that a modified stability criterion according to the parameters of the Nyquist diagram on the complex plane can be used to estimate the stability of the machining system. The created application program allows to determine the chatter-free cutting mode and in practice is an important tool for the programmer-technologist when assigning the cutting mode to the control program 2.5D milling on CNC machine.
High power near-CW Raman lasing in mm-sized glass disks

We experimentally demonstrate Raman lasing in a mm-sized CaF 2 disk, with an optical power output of the first Stokes sidebandexceeding100mWinanear-continuouswave(CW) operation.Thepumpbeamatawavelengthof1. 06 µ m is coupled to the whispering gallery modes of the disk with the use of a tapered glass fiber. With the pump beam coupled to one of the resonator modes, we observe the generation of the first and the second Stokes sidebands at wavelengths of 1.1 µ mand1.14 µ m,respectively.Theconversionefficiencyfrom the pump laser beam to the generated sidebands is ∼ 10%. These results open up the prospect of using such mm-sized disks as compact, highly efficient ultrafast modulators with modulation frequencies as high as 10 THz.