Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bioactivities of patchoulol and phloroacetophenone from Pogostemon cablin essential oil against three insects

ABSTRACT The essential oil was obtained from the aerial parts of Pogostemon cablin by hydrodistillation. The chemical compounds of P. cablin essential oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Eight compounds were totally identified and accounted for 92.4% of the oil. Patchoulol was the major component (51.1%), followed by phloroacetophenone (23.5%) and β-patchoulene (7.3%). The essential oil and its two major compounds patchoulol and phloroacetophenone were evaluated for their contact and repellent activities against Tribolium castaneum, Lasioderma serricorne, and Liposcelis bostrychophila. Results of bioassays indicated that the essential oil and patchoulol had great contact toxicity against three species of insects. Meanwhile, the essential oil and patchoulol showed great repellent activities against T. castaneum and L. bostrychophila but were mildly repellent to L. serricorne. Phloroacetophenone exhibited neither contact nor repellent activity against any of these target insects. This work emphasized the promising potential of P. cablin to control insect pests during storage.
Adverse Outcome Pathway on Aryl hydrogen receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality, via reduced VEGF

Interference with endogenous developmental processes that are regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), through sustained exogenous activation, causes molecular, structural, and functional cardiac abnormalities in avian, mammalian and piscine embryos; this cardiotoxicity ultimately leads to severe oedema and embryo death in birds and fish and some strains of rat. There have been numerous proposed mechanisms of action for this toxicity profile, many of which include the dysregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This AOP describes the indirect suppression of VEGF expression through the sequestration of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) by AHR. ARNT is common dimerization partner for both AHR and hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-1α), which stimulates angiogenesis through the transcriptional regulation of VEGF. The suppression of VEGF thereby reduces cardiomyocyte and endothelial cell proliferation, altering cardiovascular morphology and reducing cardiac output, which ultimately leads to congestive heart failure and death.
Mitigation of Salinity Stress Effects on Growth, Physio-Chemical Parameters and Yield of Snapbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by Exogenous Application of Glycine Betaine

Pots experiment was carried out during season 2017 at greenhouse of the Agric. Bot. Dep. , Fac. of Agric. , Zagazig Univ., Egypt to evaluate the effect of glycine betaine (GB) application under salinity stress (50 and100 mM NaCl) on growth, physio-chemical analysis and yield of snap bean cv. Bronco. A complete randomized blocks design was used in this search with three replications. Growth parameters, chlorophyll content and green pod yield were significantly decreased with subjecting plants to NaCl. However foliar application of GB detoxified the stress generated by NaCl and significantly improved the above mention parameters. Salinity stress increased the electrolyte leakage (EL) and decreased membrane stability index (MSI) and relative water content (RWC). While foliar application of GB was improved MSI and RWC and minimized EL. Proline content and antioxidant enzymes significantly increased in the response to NaCl stress as well as GB application.
Spin Crossover in Three Mononuclear Iron (III) Schiff Base Complexes

The synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of three new mononuclear complexes [Fe(R-LA)(L1)](BPh4), where R-LA2− is a doubly deprotonated pentadentate Schiff base ligand and L1 is a monodentate benzimidazole or furopyridine ligand, are reported. Ligand- and anion-driven changes in crystal structures and magnetic behavior were investigated in terms of the magnetic susceptibility measurements and theoretical calculations.
A Review of Machine Learning Application in Botnet Detection System

The purpose of this study was to review various machine learning techniques for Botnet detection system by looking at their advantage and limitation, and propose our Botnet detection system. In this paper, we summarized different machine learning techniques used in previous research. Recently, machine learning has become prominent in developing Botnet detection system especially peer to peer Botnet, and most of them are capable to detect decentralized Botnet. Further study has been made on Fuzzy Expert System (FES) and Self Organizing Map (SOM) techniques because we believe both techniques have the capability to fulfill the features required in our Botnet detection system which are autonomous, high accuracy and real time detection. Then, there will be method proposed for future work. The method is divided into six phases and in the future, we will conduct the experiments to assess and prove the effectiveness of these techniques in Botnet detection system.
The Impact of Imbalanced Training Datasets on CNN Performance in Typical Remote Scenes Classification

Convolution neural network (CNN) has a prominent performance in image classification. This thesis empirically studies how imbalanced training datasets impact on CNN performance in typical remote scenes classification. I adopted different strategy based on the complexity of scenes to set up imbalanced and balanced training datasets. Then I compared the results after training and testing experiments. Experimental results show that appropriate imbalanced strategy could improve the CNN performance in typical remote scenes classification. In face of specific classification tasks, the empirically method is a good choice to improve CNN performance as a whole.
The CLCA1 Protein in Innate Immunity – A Mucus Barrier Component or Signaling Molecule?

The secreted, goblet cell-derived protein Clca1 (chloride channel regulator, calcium-activated-1) has been linked to diseases with mucus overproduction, including asthma and cystic fibrosis. In the intestine Clca1 is found in the mucus with an abundance and expression pattern similar to Muc2, the major structural mucus component. We hypothesized that Clca1 is required for the synthesis, structure or barrier function of intestinal mucus and therefore compared wild type and Clca1-deficient mice under naive and at various time points of DSS (dextran sodium sulfate)-challenged conditions. The mucus phenotype in Clca1-deficient compared to wild type mice was systematically characterized by assessment of the mucus protein composition using proteomics, immunofluorescence and expression analysis of selected mucin genes on mRNA level. Mucus barrier integrity was assessed in-vivo by analysis of bacterial penetration into the mucus and translocation into sentinel organs combined analysis of the fecal microbiota and ex-vivo by assessment of mucus penetrability using beads. All of these assays revealed no relevant differences between wild type and Clca1-deficient mice under steady state or DSS-challenged conditions in mouse colon. Clca1 is not required for mucus synthesis, structure and barrier function in the murine colon.
EFFECT OF MELATONIN SUPPLEMENTATION TO FREEZING EXTENDER ON POST-THAW SPERM KINETICS, ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND FERTILITY TRAITS IN BUCK RABBITS

This study was carried out to monitor the fertilizing ability of rabbit semen frozen in the presence of melatonin as antioxidant. Semen from 10 mature Egyptian Baladi red bucks was pooled, extended with Tris-glucose-citric extender (1:1 v/v) supplemented by three concentrations of melatonin (10, 10 and 10 M) in addition to control, and finally cryopreserved at -196°C. After thawing, sperm kinetics, antioxidant capacity and fertility traits were evaluated. The results showed that total and progressive motility percentages were higher significantly in samples cryopreserved by melatonin (10 M) as compared to control group. Curvilinear and average path sperm velocities were significantly higher in melatonin groups of 10 and 10 M than in the control group. Supplementation of melatonin at 10 M and 10 M groups decreased (P < 0.05) malondialdehyde activity when compared to the control one. In contrast, the total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated at concentration of 10 M melatonin as compared to the control group. In addition, transcript abundance of NFE2L2 and SOD1 genes increased in groups supplemented with melatonin compared to the control group. The fertility trial indicated that pregnancy rate, and the total and live born increased significantly (P < 0.05) in rabbit does inseminated with semen of 10 M melatonin group in compared to the control samples. Conclusively, these results concluded that using melatonin with 10 M level in rabbit freezing extenders could be recommended to improve semen quality and fertilizing ability of buck sperm post-thawing.
Kinetic study of isopropyl palmitate synthesis catalyzed by lipases immobilized on a magnetic copolymer support

Abstract Synthesis experiments of isopropyl palmitate, an emollient ester, were conducted using various reactant molar ratios and enzyme concentrations. Reactions were catalyzed by Candida rugosa or Penicillium camemberti lipases immobilized on magnetic poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene). A kinetic model for the esterification reaction was developed based on a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism and validated with the experimental data obtained herein. Systems with different catalysts were compared, and correlations were found between parameters. Satisfactory predictions were obtained through curve fitting (R2 of 0.89 for C. rugosa and R2 of 0.92 for P. camemberti).
Ultrasound–Promoter Pretreatment for Enhancing the Yield and Combustible Matter Recovery of High-Ash Oxidized Coal Flotation

The nature of coal surfaces changes from hydrophobic to hydrophilic due to the adsorption of hydrophilic oxygenated functionalities upon weathering or natural oxidation. The presence of such oxygenated functionalities interferes in the interaction between the collector and coal particles, leading to the poor adsorption of the collector over a coal surface, and therefore reduces the floatability of coal. In order to enhance the floatability of oxidized coal, an attempt has been made to remove the oxygenated functional groups from oxidized coal by ultrasound, promoter, and combined ultrasound–promoter pretreatments. Ethanol was used as a promoter in this study. The optimized ultrasound pretreatment time during flotation was found to be 5 min wherein a maximum yield of 46.94% and combustible matter recovery of 60.39% were achieved. The effects of ethanol dosage and pretreatment time on the floatability of oxidized coal were also studied in the absence and presence of ultrasound. It was found that the combine.
Symmetric Meta‐Absorber‐Induced Superchirality

Chiral light‐matter interaction in plasmonic metamaterials represents a new paradigm in optics. However, most previously reported works require structural chirality based on asymmetric three‐dimensional architectures, imposing a significant cost barrier in scalable manufacturing. Here, the generation of superchiral light‐matter interaction in symmetric metal‐dielectric‐metal (MDM) metamaterial structures is theoretically proposed. Due to the interplay of the spatially separated and enhanced electric (E‐) and magnetic (H‐) fields with complementary profiles, a superchiral localized hotspot can be generated in MDM structures when an appropriate phase condition is satisfied. By introducing chiral molecules into the spacer layer, the circular dichroism (CD) signal of the coupled system can be enhanced significantly. The origin of the enhanced CD is attributed to the inherent and induced CD signals of the coupled system, which are derived from the direct molecular CD response and the asymmetric absorption of circularly polarized light by the metallic nanostructure. It is demonstrated that the metamaterial‐induced CD response contributes dominantly to the overall CD response of the coupled system, and a 1300‐fold enhancement factor can be obtained when on‐resonance chiral molecules are adsorbed in the optical superchiral field in the spacer layer. This finding paves the way toward the development of practical and scalable platforms for new chiroptical applications.
Protein Capped Metal Nanoparticles Inhibits Tau Aggregation in Alzheimer’s Disease

The Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutic research is yielding large number of potent molecules. The nanoparticle-based therapeutics against the protein aggregation in AD is also taking a lead especially with amyloid beta as a primary target. In this work, we have screened for first time, the protein capped (PC) metal nanoparticles for their potency in inhibiting Tau aggregation in vitro. We present a novel function of PC-CdS nanoparticles as a potent Tau aggregation inhibitor by fluorescence spectrometry, SDS-PAGE and Electron microscopy. We demonstrate that the biologically synthesized PC-metal nanoparticles, iron oxide and cadmium sulphide do not affect the viability of neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, PC-CdS nanoparticles show dual property of inhibition as well as disaggregation of Tau. Thus, the nanoparticles can take a lead as potent Tau aggregation inhibitors and can be modified for specific drug delivery due to very small size. This current work presents unprecedented strategy to design anti-Tau aggregation drugs, which provides interesting insights to understand the role of biological nanostructures in Alzheimer’s disease.
Separation of selected bioactive compounds from orange peel using the sequence of supercritical CO2 extraction and ultrasound solvent extraction: optimization of limonene and hesperidin content

ABSTRACT The orange peel (Citrus sinensis L.) from the variety Washington Navel was extracted by supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) at different parameters. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Limonene predominance was found (up to 89%). The principal oxygenated monoterpenes were linalool, α-terpineol, decanal, and (E)-citral. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was performed on the remaining solid residue (after SC-CO2extraction) to obtain the extracts rich in hesperidin. The influence of different extraction parameters on hesperidin content (3.3–23.0 µg/mL) was determined. The prediction performance in optimizing the extraction yield of dominant compounds was studied by response surface methodology and artificial neural network.
Ja n 20 07 hep-th / 0701236 Bicocca-FT-0703 SISSA 05 / 2007 / EP Baryonic Generating Functions

We show how it is possible to use the plethystic program in order to compute baryonic generating functions that count BPS operators in the chiral ring of quiver gauge theories living on the world volume of D branes probing a non compact CY manifold. Special attention is given to the conifold theory and the orbifold C 2 Z2 ×C, where exact expressions for generating functions are given in detail. This paper solves a long standing problem for the combinatorics of quiver gauge theories with baryonic moduli spaces. It opens the way to a statistical analysis of quiver theories on baryonic branches. Surprisingly, the baryonic charge turns out to be the quantized Kähler modulus of the geometry. forcella@sissa.it ahanany@perimeterinstitute.ca alberto.zaffaroni@mib.infn. it 1
Crude Xylanase Production in Bacteria using Corn Husk as Substrate in Submerged Fermentation

Management of crop waste is important for sustainable agriculture. We investigated xylanase producing strains of local bacteria using corn husk as a substrate in submerged fermentation. Soil samples were collected from corn silage waste areas in Mae Sai, Rong Kwang District, Phrae Province, Thailand. Primary screening of crude xylanase producing isolates was made with the enrichment method in Mineral Salt Medium (MSM) containing 1% (w/v) corn husk on a shaking incubator at 150 rpm at 37oC for 7 days. In order to select potential isolates for further study, the serial dilution method was employed using MSM solid agar supplemented with xylan 0.1% (w/v). The enrichment method gave 236 bacterial isolates and these were used to determine their crude xylanase activity in spot diffusion and gel diffusion assays. Eleven isolates presented clear zones between 30 - 35 mm in diameter. The quantity of reducing sugars released in the supernatant in submerged fermentation was measured with the alkaline 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method. A gram negative isolate A023 had the highest crude xylanase activity with a value of 21.67 ± 0.38 Unit/mL in corn husk containing medium. Factors affecting xylanase expression and yield will be investigated further with this isolate.
A probabilistic modeling approach to one-shot gesture recognition

Gesture recognition enables a natural extension of the way we currently interact with devices. Commercially available gesture recognition systems are usually pre-trained and offer no option for customization by the user. In order to improve the user experience, it is desirable to allow end users to define their own gestures. This scenario requires learning from just a few training examples if we want to impose only a light training load on the user. To this end, we propose a gesture classifier based on a hierarchical probabilistic modeling approach. In this framework, high-level features that are shared among different gestures can be extracted from a large labeled data set, yielding a prior distribution for gestures. When learning new types of gestures, the learned shared prior reduces the number of required training examples for individual gestures. We implemented the proposed gesture classifier for a Myo sensor bracelet and show favorable results for the tested system on a database of 17 different gesture types. Furthermore, we propose and implement two methods to incorporate the gesture classifier in a real-time gesture recognition system.
Comparative study of CNC and CNF as additives in waterborne acrylate-based anti-corrosion coatings

Abstract Nanocomposite coatings are of great interest as barrier coatings since synergy effects between matrix and additive properties can be achieved. This, however, requires favorable additive-matrix interactions to provide a strong interphase (interface region). In this work we elucidate the properties of two environmentally benign nanocomposite coatings based on a waterborne acrylate formulation with additives from renewable sources, i.e. either cellulose nanocrystals, CNC; or, alternatively, cellulose nanofibrils, CNF. We focus on the corrosion protective properties of these coatings and discuss the reason why the nanocomposite with CNC displays favorable corrosion protection properties whereas that with CNF does not. To this end we utilized scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques to investigate the microstructure, surface wetting, interactions between cellulosic materials and matrix as well as corrosion protective properties of both composite coatings. Graphical Abstract
An External Energy Independent WO3/MoCl5 Nano-Sized Catalyst for the Superior Degradation of Crystal Violet and Rhodamine B Dye

In this study, the synthesis of a novel catalyst WO3/MoCl5 was carried out by the thermal method. The method gave an entirely different product compared to previous studies that doped Mo on the surface of semiconductor metal oxides. The degradation reaction of crystal violet (CV) and rhodamine B (RB) dye were done without any energy source. The results showed an incomparably superior result for degradation, with a reaction rate constant of 1.74 s−1 for 30 ppm CV, 1.08 s−1 for 30 ppm RB, and a higher value than 1 s−1 for both cases of 50 ppm dye solution. To the author’s knowledge, this catalyst has the highest reaction rate compared to other studies that targeted CV and RB, with an immense reaction rate increase of more than 100 times. Reusability of the three trials was verified, and the only process required was washing the catalyst after the reaction. One of the drawbacks of the advanced oxidation process (AOP), which has a degradation percent limit, has been solved, since 100% mineralization of the dye was available using this catalyst. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that W-O-Mo linkage was successfully processed while Mo-Cl linkage has retained. 1H-NMR spectroscopy results confirmed that the degradation product of the dye treated by simple MoCl5 and WO3/MoCl5 was different. Deep inspection of specific regions of NMR fields gave necessary information about the degradation product using WO3/MoCl5.
PROJECT EOM - THE USE OF DIGITAL TOOLS FOR AN ACTIVATION OF CONCEPTUAL-CHANGE-PROCESSES AT MATHEMATICAL MISCONCEPTIONS

Project CODI – Conceptual DIfficulties of functional relationships – by Nitsch [1] investigated typical learning difficulties in the field of linear and quadratic functions, especially with the transformation from graphical to situational descriptions. Nine systematic errors were found within more than 10% of the learners. Systematic errors are relatively stable and occur at every different task of the same type of question. The Graph as Picture error (GAP), as an example for the mentioned transformation, occurred again six months later at 43.3% of all students with this diagnosed misconception in the pretest [2]. Intuitive images seem to affect initial solutions and interfere with mathematical ideas and patterns of mathematical acts. They so lead to stable misconceptions. To overcome this situation, ConceptualChange-processes [3]) are going to be initiated by a digital feedback. That is one part of a digital given task with a special design: the DDTA – Digital Diagnostic TAsk [4]. My Project EOM – E-Feedback to Overcome Misconceptions – is connected to the running project of the DDTA and researches the possibilities to design computer-based feedback by the use of digital instruments to activate Conceptual-Change-processes. This E-Feedback has to be fitted to the learner individually, it will appear automatically, uses different kinds of multimedia options and it should be able to activate Conceptual-Change-processes in the learner’s mind. The long-dated aim of the project is an independent online-tool, which can be used by teachers for mathematical diagnosis but simultaneously stimulates the learning processes of the students. A proposal for an E-Feedback with the use of a video-tutorial will be presented.
Insight of a Phase Compatible Surface Coating for Long‐Durable Li‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode

Li‐rich layered oxides (LLOs) can deliver almost double the capacity of conventional electrode materials such as LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4; however, voltage fade and capacity degradation are major obstacles to the practical implementation of LLOs in high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, hexagonal La0.8Sr0. 2MnO3−y (LSM) is used as a protective and phase‐compatible surface layer to stabilize the Li‐rich layered Li1.2Ni0. 13Co0.13Mn0. 54O2 (LM) cathode material. The LSM is MnOM bonded at the LSM/LM interface and functions by preventing the migration of metal ions in the LM associated with capacity degradation as well as enhancing the electrical transfer and ionic conductivity at the interface. The LSM‐coated LM delivers an enhanced reversible capacity of 202 mAh g−1 at 1 C (260 mA g−1) with excellent cycling stability and rate capability (94% capacity retention after 200 cycles and 144 mAh g−1 at 5 C). This work demonstrates that interfacial bonding between coating and bulk material is a successful strategy for the modification of LLO electrodes for the next‐generation of high‐energy Li‐ion batteries.