Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural Chemistry of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Octadecylphosphoric Acid on Tantalum Oxide Surfaces

Octadecylphosphoric acid ester is shown to self-assemble on amorphous/nanocrystalline tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) layers deposited by physical vapor deposition onto glass substrates. Three complementary surface-analytical techniques (angle-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and atomic force microscopy in lateral force mode), showed that a 2.2 nm thick, “tails-up”-oriented adlayer is formed, which displays local near-hexagonal order, strong P−O−Ta bonding, and the presence of (−P−O-)2Ta species. A model for the binding and the structural organization of the octadecyl phosphate molecules on the tantalum oxide surface is proposed involving direct coordination of the terminal phosphate headgroup to Ta(V) cations forming a strong complexation bond, two types of bonding of the octadecyl phosphate with both monodentate and bidentate phosphate-Ta(V) coordinative interactions, and, locally, the formation of a coincidence lattice of approximately hexagonal structu.
Intracranial Hemorrhage Detection in Head CT Using Double-Branch Convolutional Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest

Brain hemorrhage is a severe threat to human life, and its timely and correct diagnosis and treatment are of great importance. Multiple types of brain hemorrhage are distinguished depending on the location and character of bleeding. The main division covers five subtypes: subdural, epidural, intraventricular, intraparenchymal, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. This paper presents an approach to detect these intracranial hemorrhage types in computed tomography images of the head. The model trained for each hemorrhage subtype is based on a double-branch convolutional neural network of ResNet-50 architecture. It extracts features from two chromatic representations of the input data: a concatenation of the image normalized in different intensity windows and a stack of three consecutive slices creating a 3D spatial context. The joint feature vector is passed to the classifier to produce the final decision. We tested two tools: the support vector machine and the random forest. The experiments involved 372,556 images from 11,454 CT series of 9997 patients, with each image annotated with labels related to the hemorrhage subtypes. We validated deep networks from both branches of our framework and the model with either of two classifiers under consideration. The obtained results justify the use of a combination of double-source features with the random forest classifier. The system outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of F1 score. The highest detection accuracy was obtained in intraventricular (96.7%) and intraparenchymal hemorrhages (93.3%).
Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica fallout patterns inform targeted management

FRISWOLD, B. , SWINDLE, K. , HYRENBACH, D. & PRICE, M.R. 2020. Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica fallout patterns inform targeted management. Marine Ornithology 48: 245–254. Seabird fledglings are often attracted to artificial, bright lights, leading to their grounding. This phenomenon is termed “fallout” and is associated with an increased risk of mortality from land-based threats. This study evaluated temporal trends and spatial factors, such as fallout clustering near lights and proximity to colonies, to inform targeted management actions. Standardized surveys were conducted from 2002 to 2010 for Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica (WTSH) fallout on the island of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, USA. First, yearly fallout counts along the transect showed a two-year cycle and identified 25 November as the date with the highest fallout across years. Second, artificial lights and utility lines were present in 94% and 83% of fallout locations, leading to significantly higher fallout rates at these locations compared to random points along the transect. Third, fallout decreased significantly as the distance from the colonies increased and was negligible farther than 5 km from the nearest colony. Overall, 60% of all fallout occurred along a 1.7 km section of the survey route, with 27% of this fallout occurring within 8 m of two light poles, highlighting the need for targeted management. Finally, the disposition outcomes of rescued shearwaters from non-fatal fallout were analyzed. Among grounded individuals that were recovered alive, 78% were admitted for rehabilitation with no injury and released. This suggests that rescue efforts during high-risk periods that are focused within 5 km of colonies, in fallout hot spots, are likely to enhance survival. Because little is known about the environmental drivers of WTSH fallout, our results specify when, where, and how targeted management could be used most effectively to reduce fallout on O‘ahu. Our targeted approach may be applied in other regions where seabird fledging is heavily impacted by artificial lights.
Bio-efficacy of different seed treatment chemicals against shoot fly, Atherigona approximata Malloch infesting foxtail millet

The present investigation was conducted at College of Agriculture, V. C. Farm, Mandya, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore during Kharif 2019. Attack of shoot fly in foxtail millet causes significant loss of yield at the early stage of crop growth. Delay in the use of insecticide leads to high loss of yield. The most economical and easiest method for the management of shoot fly is seed treatment. In the present study eight different seed treatment chemicals and one standard check with soil application of carbofuran 3G at 33 Kg ha-1 were evaluated against infestation of shoot fly in foxtail millet. The observations were recorded on per cent dead heart from 14 to 35 days after sowing (DAS) at weekly interval. The data on per cent dead heart revealed that, among the different treatments clothianidin 50WG @ 1 g Kg-1 recorded significantly least per cent dead heart (14.84%) compared to rest of the treatments at 35 DAS. The grain and fodder yield were also significantly higher in case of seed treatment with clothianidin 50WG @ 1 g Kg-1 (15.07 and 24.31 q ha-1) followed by thiamethoxam 25WG @ 2 g Kg-1 (14.32 and 22.19 q ha-1). Cost economics of different seed treatment chemicals revealed that clothianidin 50WG @ 1 g Kg-1 recorded highest net returns with maximum cost benefit ratio (1:2.57).
Nudging Toward Diversity in the Boardroom: A Systematic Literature Review of Board Diversity of Financial Institutions

Going beyond the mere gender diversity in the boardroom, this systematic review comprehensively covers the research on board diversity of financial institutions. More specifically, we cover gender diversity, as well as other characteristics of diversity, such as nationality, age, tenure, experience, education, ethnicity, and religion. A systematic literature review was employed using Scopus and Web of Science databases, covering all publications until May 2020, which resulted in 91 studies from 66 top-ranked journals in accounting, finance and economic fields. We analyze them based on the journal, methodology, research construct questions, and theoretical perspectives. Our results highlight the substantial knowledge gaps and the inconsistent findings of prior studies on several aspects of the field, suggesting avenues for further studies in terms of research designs, settings, scope, and theories. We argue that there is a need to explore other board diversity attributes rather than focusing on the gender diversity of the boards of financial institutions to achieve sustainable development. Also, more work is outlined on topics related to board diversity of financial firms that receive limited attention from scholars, such as (but not limited to) environmental performance, capital structure, intellectual capital, innovation and earnings quality of financial institutions as well as the indirect effect of policy settings.
Sleep State Classification Using Power Spectral Density and Residual Neural Network with Multichannel EEG Signals

This paper proposes a classification framework for automatic sleep stage detection in both male and female human subjects by analyzing the electroencephalogram (EEG) data of polysomnography (PSG) recorded for three regions of the human brain, i.e., the pre-frontal, central, and occipital lobes. Without considering any artifact removal approach, the residual neural network (ResNet) architecture is used to automatically learn the distinctive features of different sleep stages from the power spectral density (PSD) of the raw EEG data. The residual block of the ResNet learns the intrinsic features of different sleep stages from the EEG data while avoiding the vanishing gradient problem. The proposed approach is validated using the sleep dataset of the Dreams database, which comprises of EEG signals for 20 healthy human subjects, 16 female and 4 male. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the ResNet based approach in identifying different sleep stages in both female and male subjects compared to state-of-the-art methods with classification accuracies of 87.8% and 83.7%, respectively.
Comparing Reinforcement Learning Methods for Real-Time Optimization of a Chemical Process

One popular method for optimizing systems, referred to as ANN-PSO, uses an artificial neural network (ANN) to approximate the system and an optimization method like particle swarm optimization (PSO) to select inputs. However, with reinforcement learning developments, it is important to compare ANN-PSO to newer algorithms, like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). To investigate ANN-PSO’s and PPO’s performance and applicability, we compare their methodologies, apply them on steady-state economic optimization of a chemical process, and compare their results to a conventional first principles modeling with nonlinear programming (FP-NLP). Our results show that ANN-PSO and PPO achieve profits nearly as high as FP-NLP, but PPO achieves slightly higher profits compared to ANN-PSO. We also find PPO has the fastest computational times, 10 and 10,000 times faster than FP-NLP and ANN-PSO, respectively. However, PPO requires more training data than ANN-PSO to converge to an optimal policy. This case study suggests PPO has better performance as it achieves higher profits and faster online computational times. ANN-PSO shows better applicability with its capability to train on historical operational data and higher training efficiency.
Comparison of Role of Hand and Wrist Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Subclinical Synovitis in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study

Background This retrospective study aimed to compare the roles of hand and wrist ultrasound in diagnosing subclinical synovitis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at a single center in Sichuan, China. Material/Methods Forty-one patients with SLE and 20 patients with RA were included. SLE was diagnosed using the American rheumatology Society (ACR) classification standard. Severity of SLE was evaluated using the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). General and clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators were measured. Spearman correlation analysis was used for analyzing correlations between musculoskeletal ultrasound results and indexes. Results Among 41 patients with SLE, 26 (63.4%) had joint pain, and 39 (95.1%) had at least 1 joint abnormality. Thirteen patients with SLE (31.7%) had wrist joint involvement, 7 (17.1%) had metacarpal phalangeal-1 (MCP1) involvement, 8 (19.5%) had MCP2 involvement, 17 (41.5%) had MCP3 involvement, 14 (34.1%) had MCP4 involvement, and 5 (12.2%) had MCP5 involvement. Meanwhile, 2 (4.8%) had proximal interphalangeal-1 (PIP1) involvement, 10 (24.4%) had PIP2 involvement, 17 (41.5%) had PIP3 involvement, 12 (29.3%) had PIP4 involvement, and 3 (7.3%) had PIP4 involvement. Twelve patients demonstrated knee joint involvement. MCP joints had the highest involvement frequency (P=0.003). The most frequently detected disease was synovitis, followed by tenosynovitis, joint effusion, and bone erosion. ESR (P=0.002), CRP (P=0.020), and SLEDAI (P=0.011) of patients with SLE with arthralgia were significantly higher compared to patients without arthralgia. In patients with RA, musculoskeletal ultrasound scores were correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), disease activity score-28 (DAS28), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In patients with SLE, musculoskeletal ultrasound scores were correlated with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), ribonucleoprotein (RNP), DAS28, and IL-6. Conclusions Musculoskeletal ultrasound is highly sensitive in evaluating subclinical synovitis in patients with SLE, and its score is positively correlated with dsDNA, RNP IL-6, and DAS28 in patients with SLE.
Methodological Approach for Providing a Suitable Model for Financial Ranking of Educational Hospitals by using of Cross-Performance Procedures (Case Work, Hospitals of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences)

Background: Hospitals are multi-specialist social security organizations that account for a significant portion of the health system’s budget. Given the economic conditions and the importance of hospitals in the field of social health, it seems important and necessary to pay attention to financial performance and compare them with each other. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide a model for evaluating the performance and financial ranking of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences’ Hospitals during 2018. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ahvaz hospitals. Twenty-two hospitals were chosen according to random stratified sampling. First, the financial performance indicators of hospital performance evaluations are identified using the previous study method. Then, the financial performance evaluation indicators of hospitals are finalized by interviews with managers and experts of Ahvaz Medical Sciences’ Hospitals. To rank the hospitals, a cross-performance approach was used. Cross-performance is an acceptable approach in data envelopment analysis that provides a complete ranking of decision-making units (DMUs). In addition, a new secondary goal is presented in cross-performance. In this paper, an algorithm based on cross-performance is presented, and we will provide a model for ranking hospitals. Data were entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and t-student and ANOVA tests. Results: The results show that although the traditional data envelopment analysis model is not able to rank uniquely from hospitals, the introduced pattern offers a unique ranking of hospitals. According to the results of this study, Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ramhormoz has the first rank, and Baqaei Hospital has the rank (22nd) in this ranking. Conclusions: The findings of this study represent the Hospital of financial position at the other hospitals and can be used in the hospital with good rankings in the service level of self-awareness as a template.
The Impact of Top Management’s Support on the Collaboration of Green Supply Chain Participants and Environmental Performance

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the support of top management significantly improves the level of environmental collaboration with participating companies upstream and downstream of the green supply chain and the impact on environmental performance. The results of the empirical analysis of 301 companies that are establishing a green supply chain are as follows. First, top management’s support positively affects the level of collaboration with suppliers and customers in the green supply chain. Secondly, support from top management has a direct impact on the company’s environmental performance. Thirdly, the environmental collaboration of participating companies partially plays a mediation role between the support of top management and the environmental performance. This study has significance in that it analyzes the theoretical mechanism of top management’s support for environmental collaboration with participating companies, leading to environmental performance, and draws implications.
Suitability of high-temporal satellite-based precipitation products in flood simulation over a humid region of China

ABSTRACT Satellite-based precipitation products provide critical precipitation sources with high resolution for hydrologic forecasting. This study aims to assess the suitability of the near-real-time “Early” run and “Late” run of the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for the Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) products (IMERG-E and IMERG-L), and the post-real-time “Final” run IMERG product (IMERG-F) and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) 3B42RT in flood simulation, particularly flood events, at hourly scale over a humid region of China. A statistical assessment of the accuracy of selected satellite-based precipitation products shows IMERG-F outperforms the others, and the performance of TMPA 3B42RT is generally better than that of IMERG-E and IMERG-L. Furthermore, IMERG-F performs the best in hourly streamflow simulation, as well as in flood event simulation, with a mean Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.71, while IMERG-E, IMERG-L and TMPA 3B42RT present overall acceptable performance. The simulated peak flows tend to be smaller than the observations, and the simulated time lags of occurrence are changeable. This study finds that IMERG and Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) are suitable for hydrological simulations at hourly scale, and IMERG-E is an appropriate replacement for TMPA 3B42RT in this case.
Chitosan Microparticles Prepared by the Simple Emulsification-Diffusion Method

Biodegradable chitosan microparticles were prepared by a water-in-oil emulsion solvent diffusion method without any surfactants. Aqueous chitosan solution and ethyl acetate were used as the water and oil phases, respectively. The chitosan microparticles; with spherical, deflated, and hollow shapes, could be fabricated from different chitosan concentrations. Chitosan microparticle matrices were sponge-like. The particle sizes increased with the chitosan concentration and molecular weight. Cross-linked chitosan microparticles obtained from post-glutaraldehyde treatment showed rougher surfaces and denser matrices. The particle shapes did not change after cross-linking. The degrees of cross-linking of chitosan microparticles were in order of hollow > deflated > spherical shapes.
Multimodal Mixed Reality Impact on a Hand Guiding Task with a Holographic Cobot

In the context of industrial production, a worker that wants to program a robot using the hand-guidance technique needs that the robot is available to be programmed and not in operation. This means that production with that robot is stopped during that time. A way around this constraint is to perform the same manual guidance steps on a holographic representation of the digital twin of the robot, using augmented reality technologies. However, this presents the limitation of a lack of tangibility of the visual holograms that the user tries to grab. We present an interface in which some of the tangibility is provided through ultrasound-based mid-air haptics actuation. We report a user study that evaluates the impact that the presence of such haptic feedback may have on a pick-and-place task of the wrist of a holographic robot arm which we found to be beneficial.
Practitioner Research: Reflecting on Minoritized Student Agency in a Reform-Based Secondary Mathematics Classroom

There is a global demand for mathematics teachers to learn how to facilitate discussions where students make sense of mathematics via problem-solving and reasoning activities. Despite this call for meaningful discussions, they are rarely found in secondary instruction, especially in low-socioeconomic communities. A practitioner research approach was used to document the types of agency students and teacher employed during whole class discussions in a racially and socioeconomically diverse classroom in the United States. Cobb, Gresalfi and Hodge’s (2009) interpretive scheme was used to analyse the ways students chose to identify with the normative expectations of the classroom, documented in the daily field notes and audio recordings. In this paper, two transcripts were used to illustrate examples of student and teacher participation in a 9th–11th grade mathematics classroom. Findings from this research demonstrate the small shifts that occurred allude to the structural constraints of traditional school systems.
European Twitter Networks: Toward a Transnational European Public Sphere?

In this article, I explore whether and to what degree the discussion of European issues on Twitter remain within nationally bounded communication spaces or whether such a discussion transcends borders and becomes transnationally European. This article explores the interactions formed around Twitter issue publics of European relevance (Schengen and TTIP), with their geographic locations. Out-degree metrics of the interactions conducted (retweets and mentions) under both #schengen and #ttip hashtags are applied. A network of 28 nodes—one for each of the 28 members of the European Union—has been created. In each node, Twitter data collected from each hashtag is embedded, forming six different weighted networks—one for each hashtag—and all six, with the same number of nodes. The networks contain replies, retweets, or quotes of other tweets in the data set (for which location data is available). This article shows with conclusive, empirical evidence, that there is indeed a transnational European public sphere to a certain degree, at least with respect to these topics analyze.
Perception of social support provided by coaches, optimism/pessimism, and psychological well-being: Gender differences and mediating effect models

This study explored whether gender differences exist in social support, optimism/pessimism, and psychological well-being among university student athletes and examined the relationship among these three variables and the mediating effect of optimism/pessimism. A total of 322 university student athletes (159 men and 163 women) who were Division 1 athletes participated in this study. The research instruments used in this study comprised the revised Athletes’ Received Support Questionnaire, the Life Orientation Test, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. The results demonstrated the influence of gender differences for some variables. Regarding pessimistic tendency and autonomy (a dimension of the Psychological Well-Being Scale), the average scores of men were significantly higher than those of women. Regarding the other three dimensions of the Psychological Well-Being Scale (purpose in life, positive relationships with others, and personal growth), the average scores were higher for women than for men. Moreover, significant positive correlations were observed among social support provided by coaches, optimism, and psychological well-being. Optimism mediated the relationship between social support and psychological well-being, and pessimism was negatively correlated with psychological well-being; however, the mediating path was not significant. Finally, suggestions for future research and practical implications are proposed for researchers, educators, and supervisors in the field of sports.