Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consistent assessment of global climate model simulations for hydrological application in south eastern Australia

For a number of reasons, it is necessary to assess global climate models (GCMs) that will be used for estimating the climate change impact on runoff characteristics. Previous studies have used different sets of GCMs and considered many different temporal periods, had different geographical foci or vastly different evaluation approaches. As a result, there is a lack of comparability among studies. This study assesses the GCM’s ability to reproduce observed climate variables and the climate drivers affecting rainfall over the South Eastern Australian region using a consistent evaluation skill scores. Such a consistent approach enables one to compare the results from a variety of measures in order to develop a robust framework for GCM selection. The climate variables being assessed include rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, temperature and mean sea level pressure, while the climate drivers being examined include the Sub-Tropical Ridge (STR), the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The study consistently applies some skill scores (including the M-Statistic of Watterson, 2008; ∆ss of Pierce et al., 2009; and coefficient correlation) to measure the GCMs’ reliability on a given field (e.g. mean annual rainfall). However, only the M-Statistic is shown here. The preliminary results show that (i) the GCMs generally reproduce the observed mean and coefficient of variation (Cv) of annual climate variables, but not the trend. There is no ground for assuming that performance on long term average is an indicative of performance on long term trend or vice versa. There is also generally very little difference between the MStatistic of different GCMs, particularly for the mean and Cv; (ii) Overall, the GCM representations for the spatial pattern of observed IOD and SAM indices are poorer than their respective ENSO index. None of the models shows consistently good performance on all examined climate drivers, but there are models that indicate consistently poor performance. Therefore, model selection may be best conducted by rejecting models which are consistently poor rather than identifying models that are consistently good across examined climate drivers; and (iii) Consideration of model performance (as quantified by the M-Statistic) in projecting future mean annual rainfall over the MDB has relatively little impact. In this regard, the range of future climate scenarios that are used in hydrological impact studies may probably be best constructed from the majority of available archived GCMs simulations.
Performance of Aluminium Hydroxide Gel and ISA Oils Adjuvanted Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccines

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute infectious disease that infects cloven-hoofed mammals, such as pigs, cattle, cattle and goats Dara, et al., (2013). The causative agent is a single stranded positivesense RNA virus that belongs to the genus Aphthovirus in the family Picornaviridae. The virus has seven serological types, identified as; O, A, C, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3 and Asia1 Dara, et al., (2013).
Lasers in the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Review

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a relatively common painful condition among dental problems for which several treatment options have been tested. Although many studies have been performed regarding the diagnosis and treatment of DH, dental professionals are still confused about the definite diagnosis and treatment. The use of lasers as a treatment for dentin hypersensitivity was first introduced in 1985. Laser has been investigated as one of the possible therapies to minimize pain by either obliterating dentinal tubules or promoting dental analgesia. Laser treatment in dentin hypersensitivity is an interesting and controversial issue and many investigations have been done on its mechanism of action, advantages, and disadvantages. The purpose of this overview is to summarise our current knowledge regarding laser applications for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. Keywords-dentine hypersensitivity; laser therapies; review ; dentinal tubules ; desensitizing.
Inflammation in asthma: relation to symptomatology, exacerbations and lung function

Mogensen, I. 2020. Inflammation in asthma: relation to symptomatology, exacerbations and lung function. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1645. 88 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-513-0890-6. Asthma is an inflammatory disease in the airways. It is characterized by respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, variable airflow obstruction and impaired lung function development. A better understanding of the underlying inflammation is crucial in order to treat and prevent asthma symptoms and lung function deterioration. We have evaluated six inflammatory markers in relation to asthma symptoms, asthma attacks, and lung function measures (fixed airflow obstruction (FAO) and lung function development over time) in five investigations. The markers (elevated levels) were fraction of exhaled NO (FeNO) (elevated ≥25ppb), serum eosinophil cationic protein (S-ECP) (≥20 μg/ L), blood eosinophils (B-Eos) (≥300 cells/μL), urinary eosinophil derived neurotoxin (U-EDN) (≥65.95mg/mol creatinine), serum periostin (S-periostin) ( ≥74μg/L), and blood neutrophils (BNeu) (≥5,100 cells/μL). The studied populations consisted of mainly adults (except in Paper II) and included asthmatics from the Swedish part of the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network survey (Papers I and III), the American National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Papers II and IV), the Uppsala part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey I-III, the Vlagtwedde and Vlaardingen study, and the Rotterdam study, the latter two from the Netherlands (Paper V). All study populations were population based, and the asthmatics included had mainly mild to moderately severe asthma. The main findings are that simultaneously elevated FeNO and S-ECP are associated with more reported asthma symptoms and attacks, and elevated FeNO and B-Eos are associated with lower lung function, suggesting a value in measuring both local (FeNO) and systemic (S-ECP, B-Eos) inflammation in asthma. Eosinophil inflammation (elevated U-EDN and S-ECP) was associated with FAO in asthma, while the other type-2 markers FeNO and S-periostin were not. Elevated B-Eos was further associated to lower lung function measures in a general population, and a faster lung function decline in asthmatics. FeNO was more often elevated in asthmatics, but was difficult to robustly associate to a specific disease characteristic. B-Neu was associated to FAO in participants with current smoking or pronounced smoking history. In conclusion, asthma with elevated markers for eosinophil inflammation was associated to worse morbidity and lung function development in comparison with asthmatics without elevated markers for eosinophil inflammation. These results indicate ongoing eosinophil inflammation in asthma as closely associated to disease activity and the absence of eosinophil inflammation to less morbidity.
Productive and Reproductive Performance of BAU-Bro Parents

A study was designed to evaluate the performance of BAU-Bro parental lines and parents after five generations of selection. The experiment was set up with 1744 one-day-old male and female line and parental line chicks. The male lines were synthetic male line white (MLW), male line white2 (MLW2) and male line color (MLC) whereas the female lines were female line white (FLW), female line color (FLC), female line colorbrown (FLC-br) and the two way parental lines, female line white2 (MLW x FLW), female line color2 [FLC-Br x MLC] and female line color3 [MLC x FLC-Br]. The chicks were brooded up to 5 weeks of age and reared up to 18 weeks of age on litter floor and then transferred to individual laying cages in an open house. Adlibitum feeding was practiced for first 3 weeks in male lines and 5 weeks in the female lines. Restricted feeding was practiced thereafter till the end of the experiment. The plumage color was white in all white lines while the color lines were variable in plumage color. The white lines,male line white2 attained 1021.80±14.72g at 5 weeks of age, while male line white, female line white and female line white2 attained 962.11±10.75, 333.40±6.45 and 551.59±7.39g. The color lines,female line color3 attained the highest weight, 617.90±11.48g at 5 weeks of age followed by female line color2, female line color-brown, male line color and female line color.Dressing percentage of male lines varied from 70-72%, while in female lines 67-71%. The body weight at sexual maturity was highest in male line white2, 3980±8.14g and male line white, 3797±62.75g and was lowest in female line white, 1641±22.18g and female line color, 1643±30.36g while other lines were intermediate in size. All genotypes came to sexual maturity in between 168-175 days except male line white, 198 days and male line white2 220 days. Egg weight at sexual maturity was highest in male line white, 50.18±1.05g and numerically lowest in female line color3, 41.38±0.97g. While at 32 weeks the highest egg weight was in female line white2, 55.58±0.44g and lowest in female line color, 47.04±0.41g. Egg production up to 35 weeks of age was highest in female line white2, 72.31±1.89 eggs and lowest in male line white2, 18±12.16 eggs and male line white, 37.18±3.66 eggs. Fertility percentage of eggs was satisfactory but the hatchability of the genotypes was poor due to electricity and mechanical problem in the hatcher. The livability at different stages of production was above 91%.
A spatio-temporal method for crime prediction using historical crime data and transitional zones identified from nightlight imagery

ABSTRACT Accurate crime prediction can help allocate police resources for crime reduction and prevention. There are two popular approaches to predict criminal activities: one is based on historical crime, and the other is based on environmental variables correlated with criminal patterns. Previous research on geo-statistical modeling mainly considered one type of data in space-time domain, and few sought to blend multi-source data. In this research, we proposed a spatio-temporal Cokriging algorithm to integrate historical crime data and urban transitional zones for more accurate crime prediction. Time-series historical crime data were used as the primary variable, while urban transitional zones identified from the VIIRS nightlight imagery were used as the secondary co-variable. The algorithm has been applied to predict weekly-based street crime and hotspots in Cincinnati, Ohio. Statistical tests and Predictive Accuracy Index (PAI) and Predictive Efficiency Index (PEI) tests were used to validate predictions in comparison with those of the control group without using the co-variable. The validation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm with historical crime data and urban transitional zones increased the correlation coefficient by 5.4% for weekdays and by 12.3% for weekends in statistical tests, and gained higher hit rates measured by PAI/PEI in the hotspots test.
AN EFFICIENT CONFIDENTIALITY PROTECT CATEGORY TYPE WORD SEARCH METHOD

: Hierarchical aggregation technology is also proposed to help search more in semantics to satisfy the interest in fast search for encrypted text within a large data environment. In addition, we evaluated the efficiency and safety of two models of common threats. One challenge is that the relationship between documents will generally be hidden during file encryption, which can result in a significant degradation in search performance. The data level in the data centers has also grown significantly. This makes it more difficult to design encrypted text search schemes that can provide online recovery efficiently and reliably in a large amount of encrypted data. An experimental platform should evaluate the effectiveness of the search, accuracy and classification security. The result of the experiment shows that the proposed structure does not correctly solve the problem of searching for several words, and makes a significant difference in search efficiency, classification security and the relevance of retrieved documents. As part of the research phase, this method can achieve a complexity of direct computation in exchange for increasing the exponential size of the compilation of documents. Due to the insufficient classification mechanism, users need a lot of time to choose what they need when large documents retain the word query. Therefore, system maintenance techniques are used to achieve the classification mechanism, in order to verify the credibility of search engine results, a structure known as the minimum subtree was created within this document. In addition, the proposed method comes with a feature of the standard method within the privacy of the order and its suitability for the documents.
Satisfaction Level of Progressive Additional Lens (PALs) Wearers

The number of presbyopia is increasing worldwide with highly reported on an inadequate correction, which can reduce the visual satisfaction. A survey was conducted to study the level of vision satisfaction between the quality of vision and symptoms reported by progressive addition lens (PALs). Sixty questionnaires were mailed to the (PALs) wearers aged between 40 years and above from Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Vision Care. The strongest correlation was found between the quality of vision at intermediate viewing with total satisfaction on seeing grocery shelves and computer screen with p<0.001. PALs wearers priority and needs should be considered in selecting the appropriate lens design to be matched for required tasks.
Phase Reduction of Stochastic Biochemical Oscillators\ast

A common method for analyzing the effects of molecular noise in chemical reaction networks is to approximate the underlying chemical master equation by a Fokker--Planck equation and to study the statistics of the associated chemical Langevin equation. This so-called system-size expansion involves performing a perturbation expansion with respect to a small dimensionless parameter \epsilon = \Omega 1, where \Omega characterizes the system size. For example, \Omega could be the mean number of proteins produced by a gene regulatory network. In the deterministic limit \Omega \rightarrow \infty , the chemical reaction network evolves according to a system of ordinary differential equations based on classical mass action kinetics. In this paper we develop a phase reduction method for chemical reaction networks that support a stable limit cycle in the deterministic limit. We present a variational principle for the phase reduction, yielding an exact analytic expression for the resulting phase dynamics. We demonstrate that this decomposition is accurate over timescales that are exponential in the system size \Omega . This contrasts with the phase equation obtained under the system-size expansion, which is only accurate up to times O(\Omega ). In particular, we show that for a constant C, the probability that the system leaves an O(\zeta ) neighborhood of the limit cycle before time T scales as T exp( C\Omega b\zeta ), where b is the rate of attraction to the limit cycle. We illustrate our analysis using the example of a chemical Brusselator.
Intelligent Backup System

: Nowadays, computing devices that rely on a cloud storage environment for data backup, an imminent challenge facing waste of upload bandwidth, storage space due to large amount of redundant data. In this paper, we present Intelligent Backup System, an intelligent data backup scheme that improves data deduplication efficiency by exploiting application awareness, and further combines client and cloud duplicate detection to strike a good balance between cloud storage capacity saving and deduplication time reduction.
Co-relation of endometrial thickness by transvaginal sonogram with histopathology pattern in abnormal uterine bleeding: a study from South India

Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common gynecological problems in patients approaching the outpatient clinics in the country. These complaints definitely affect the quality of life of the patient. The etiology of AUB varies with the age group of the patient. There is the PALM COEIN classification for AUB by FIGO. There are many diagnostic modalities for evaluating endometrial pathologies in women who have AUB. Transvaginal sonogram (TVS) has permitted the use of higher frequency ultrasound waves at greater proximity of the uterus. It is a relatively cheap and noninvasive diagnostic modality for studying the endometrial pattern and its thickness and at the same time to exclude organic pathology in case of AUB while dilatation and curettage gives us a definitive histopathologic picture. This study attempts to correlate the USG findings and histopathology in patients with AUB. The gold standard ABSTRACT
Decoupling validation UIs using Publish-Subscribe binding of instance variables in Overture

Being able to efﬁciently communicate the way formal models behave to stakeholders who are not experts in formal models is important for the potential commercial exploitation of such technologies. For the Overture/VDM open source initiative, this has so far been accomplished by interpreting executable models in combination with executable Java applications, typically demonstrating a conceptual Graphical User Interface (GUI). However, since that approach requires additional explicit calls to GUI functionality, this paper demonstrates a new publish/subscribe based approach enabling implicit monitoring of changes to variables during an interpretation of a formal VDM model that does not “pollute” the VDM model in the same way as existing approaches.
HEMP Protection of Electronic Equipment Located in Control Cabinets

It is commonly accepted in industrial and power sectors that electronic devices of automatic measurement and control, as well as digital protection relays (DPR), should be placed in metal cabinets. In order to improve HEMP-resistance of electronic equipment placed in cabinets, the design of the cabinets should be very specific [1]. Firstly, it is preferable that the doors of the cabinets should be made from metal, rather than glass that they are usually made of (Fig1).
Effect of Educational Nursing Guidelines Regarding Enteral Feeding on Nurses' Knowledge and Practices at Critical Care Units

Background; Administration of enteral nutrition has long been considered the standard of care for nutrition support in critical care units. The study aimed to assess the effect of educational nursing guidelines regarding enteral feeding on nurses' knowledge and practices at critical care units . A quasi-experimental design was used in this study. The study was conducted in general intensive care unit and surgical, emergency care unit at Benha University Hospital. A convenient sample of all available nurses (55) nurses working in the previous setting was used. Two tools were used for data collection; a self-administered questionnaire tool for nurses to assess nurses' knowledge regarding enteral feeding and an observational checklist for nursing practices regarding enteral nutrition. The results of this study revealed that two thirds of the studied nurses were between the ages of 18 to less than 25 years, with Mean ±SD (23.8 ± 2.3) and more than two thirds of them had 1to less than 5 years of experience in ICU nursing. The study concluded that the educational nursing guidelines documented a positive impact on nurses' knowledge and practices regarding enteral feeding at post and follow up implementation of educational guidelines. The study recommended that continuous training programs should be conducted to improve and update nurses' knowledge about care of patients with nasogastric tube. All nurses should be educated and trained about safe administration of enteral feeds and provision of nurses with simple illustrated booklets and posters related to medications' administration via enteral route and food-drugs interactions.
“Of Course, Data Can Never Fully Represent Reality”

abstract Multiple terms describe Indigenous peoples' creative expressions, including “Indigenous knowledge” (IK), “traditional ecological knowledge” (TEK), “traditional knowledge” (TK), and increasingly, “Indigenous data” (ID). Variation in terms contributes to disciplinary divides, challenges in organizing and finding prior studies about Indigenous peoples' creative expressions, and intellectually divergent chains of reference. The authors applied a decolonial, digital, feminist, ethics-of-care approach to citation analysis of records about Indigenous peoples knowledge and data, including network analyses of author-generated keywords and research areas, and content analysis of peer-reviewed studies about ID. Results reveal ambiguous uses of the term “Indigenous data”; the influence of ecology and environmental studies in research areas and topics associated with IK, TEK, and TK; and the influence of public administration and governance studies in research areas and topics associated with ID studies. Researchers of ID would benefit from applying a more nuanced and robust vocabulary, one informed by studies of IK, TEK, and TK. Researchers of TEK and TK would benefit from the more people-centered approaches of IK. Researchers and systems designers who work with data sets can practice relational accountability by centering the Indigenous peoples from whom observations are sourced, combining narrative methodologies with computational methods to sustain the holism favored by Indigenous science and the relationality of Indigenous peoples.
Alcohol Induced Fatty Liver: A Tragic Inception of Wrong Turn

Alcohol is a noteworthy reason for liver cirrhosis in the Western world and records for most of instances of liver cirrhosis found in region general emergency clinics in the UK. Alcoholic liver disease is a term that incorporates the liver appearances of alcohol overconsumption, including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and constant hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. As per the American Liver Foundation (ALF), somewhere in the range of 10 and 20 percent of substantial consumers will develop cirrhosis. The disease is a piece of a progression. It might begin with fatty liver disease, at that point advancement to alcoholic hepatitis, and after that to alcoholic cirrhosis. Be that as it may, it's conceivable an individual can develop alcoholic liver cirrhosis while never having alcoholic hepatitis. Symptoms of alcoholic liver cirrhosis regularly develop when an individual is between the ages of 30 and 40. All things considered, it takes around one hour for the body to utilize (separate) one standard beverage as characterized by U.S. rules (for example 12 ounces of 4.5% brew, 5 ounces of 11% wine, or 1.5 ounces of 35% alcohol). Utilization of 60– 80g every day (14g is viewed as one standard beverage in the US, i.e., 1.5 fl oz hard alcohol, 5 fl oz wine, 12 fl oz lager; drinking a six-pack of brew day by day would be amidst the range) for a long time or more in men, or 20g/day for ladies fundamentally builds the danger of hepatitis and fibrosis by 7% to 47%. Of all endless substantial consumers, just 15– 20% develop hepatitis or cirrhosis, which can happen correspondingly or in progression. The purpose for is accepted to be the liver has gigantic ability to recover and notwithstanding when 75% of hepatocytes are dead, it keeps on working as should be expected. As indicated by NIAAA (1993), somewhere in the range of 10% and 35% of substantial consumers develop alcoholic hepatitis. While development of hepatitis isn't specifically identified with the portion of alcohol, a few people appear to be more prone to this response than others. This is called alcoholic steato-necrosis (Steatosis) and the inflammation seems to incline to liver fibrosis.