Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Study on the Dealers' Ordering Strategies for Batches and Amounts

As a decision maker of the behavior, the dealer will take different batch and bulk order strategy under the policy of different prices of manufacturers, so as to maximize their own profits. In this study, we use the real data of the dealers to empirically test the different ordering strategies adopted in the face of different manufacturers’ price policies. The study found that when facing with the reward price policies, the dealers tend to adopt centralized ordering strategy with large amounts and small batches; but when facing with threatening price policies, the dealers tend to adopt frequent ordering strategy with small amounts and large batches. The research conclusion has a good reference value and reference meaning to guide the use of price policies for the management of business managers. Keywords—dealers; amounts and batches; ordering strategies; price policies of manufactures
Domestic Violence Subjected to Legal and Cultural Pressure

A society based on patriarchal structure brings lots of discriminations against females in family and society, so different violent relationships appear mainly targeting women as the victims. The domestic violence imposed by the partner of the woman tortures her verbally and physically, captures her to live in a suffering environment or enforces her to leave the original city/country and accepts the condition of being a refugee with all of its risks. In order to reduce the immigration troubles, it is important to consider the origins of violence causing these conditions. There are different sources of domestic violence including cultural, social and legal factors. In this study, three important factors are considered as early-child marriage, gender inequality and insufficient legal and protective systems. In child marriage, the girl undergoes a marital status under her father’s pressure. Gender inequalities increase the rate of violence against women, because they have lower financial, educational and social positions and have to be more dependent on their partners. On the other hand, insufficient protective systems constrain women providing conditions to develop domestic violence. Conducting interview sessions with victims of violence, the abovementioned cases are considered and the data analyzed using a qualitative approach. The output of this study helps counselors in healing process of the victims, highlights the necessity of improving skills for controlling violence and notices the importance of modification of supportive legal systems to prevent committing violence against women. So people are encouraged to make a free-violence society based on human values
The Moderating Effect of Large Shareholders on Board Structure–Firm Performance Relationship: An Agency Perspective

We examine the nature and significance of the moderating effects of three characteristics of ownership (ownership concentration, family ownership and institutional ownership) on the relationship between board structure and firm performance. Using a sample of 30 non-financial listed firms on Tunis Stock Exchange over the period 2004-2010, we find support for the agency view of the positive relationship between board independence and performance. Similarly, in accordance with agency theory predictions, our results show that the separation of chair and chief executive officer positions improves firm performance. However, contrary to our predictions, the results indicate that larger boards enhance performance. On the other hand, consistent with the incentive effect, our results show that ownership concentration moderates positively the relationships between board independence, board size and performance. Similarly, in accordance with the agency perspective, while the institutional ownership moderates positively the board characteristics – performance relationship, the family ownership has a negative moderating effect. Keywords : board structure, firm performance, corporate governance, ownership, agency problems.
Are Public or Private Providers of Employment Services More Effective? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment

This paper compares the effectiveness of public and private providers of employment services. Reporting from a randomized field experiment conducted in Denmark we assess empirically the case for contracting out employment services for a well-defined group of highly educated job-seekers (unemployed holding a university degree). Our findings suggest, first, that private providers deliver more intense, employment-oriented, and earlier services. Second, public and private provision of employment services are equally effective regarding subsequent labour market outcomes. And third, the two competing service delivery systems appear to be equally costly from a public spending perspective.
Religious and Cultural Existences Within the Communities of Upper Kapuas Riverside of West Kalimantan

The sudies on the issues related to communities in the interior of West Kalimantan begin to take place when Dutch and other European scholars in the colonial period came to the region. But they have been limitedly documented. The amount of research by local and foreign scholars in the region is still not significant when compared to that of research in Sarawak, Sabah and Brunei which are also situated on the island of Borneo. In fact, the natural wealth, cultural heritage and the rural communities of West Kalimantan need serious attention and studies for the purpose of the development of the region. In addition, local elements such as human and cutural resources may become potential supports of development to improve the welfare of the communities. This study highlights the significant contribution of religious and cultural aspects within the communities living around the upper Kapuas riverside. Acculturation of local and Islamic cultures have occurred since the advent of Islam into the interior areas of Kalimantan through the Kapuas River. The acculturation of local religions and cultures also promotes a very important local religious institution in the process of social change of the communities of the Kapuas riverside in the interior of West Kalimantan. The local religious institutions serve as an infrastructure that has been proven to ensure the survival of the living Muslim community system that existed among indigenous people who were still in the local beliefs of their time. This study also finds that the Muslim communities of the Kapuas Riverside in the interior of West Kalimantan already have extensive networks, not just the kinship network, Islamic trade and da'wah but also the network of scholarship. Of course, the growth of these growing networks is influenced by the media that also develops in its name. Thus this work also describes a comprehensive analysis of cultural and religious aspects in the development of communities of the Kapuas riverside in the interior of West Kalimantan which is currently included in the administrative areas of Sintang and Kapuas Hulu Districts.
Hunting spectro-temporal information in unevenly spaced paleoclimate time series

Here we present some preliminary results of a statisticalâ€“computational implementation to estimate the wavelet spectrum of unevenly spaced paleoclimate time series by means of the Morlet Weighted Wavelet Z-Transform (MWWZ). A statistical significance test is performed against an ensemble of first-order auto-regressive models (AR1) by means of Monte Carlo simulations. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of this implementation, we apply it to the oxygen isotope ratio (I´18O) data of the GISP2 deep ice core (Greenland).
The Challenge of Trade Adjustment in Greece

Greece’s trade deficit declined by 10% of GDP between 2007 and 2012, removing one of the great economic imbalances of the pre-crisis years. However, this reduction was achieved exclusively through import compression while exports fell over that period, thereby worsening the economic crisis. This chapter studies Greece’s export underperformance in comparison to Ireland, Portugal and Spain as well as Greece’s own pre-crisis experience. The main findings are that (1) given past performance, Greece’s exports should have increased by 25%, rather than drop by 5% between 2007 and 2012; (2) labor markets have adjusted to the new economic environment; (3) product markets did not adjust, hindering the recovery of competitiveness; (4) export underperformance is responsible for a third of the decline in GDP since 2007. We find that the business environment and firm size distribution in Greece are also hindering the necessary adjustment.
Wing morphology is linked to stable isotope composition of nitrogen and carbon in ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

As movement is expensive in terms of energy required, mobile animals might have to utilize more energy rich resources than less mobile animals. As mobile animals are possibly more effective foragers we hypothesize a positive correlation between mobility and trophic niche width. We address this link using information on the trophic level of 35 winged, wingless and wing dimorphic species of ground beetles studied on 18 lake islands and at two mainland sites in northern Poland. Trophic analyses using stable isotope values (δ15 N, δ13C) revealed that winged individuals of wing dimorphic species are characterized by broader isotopic niches than wingless individuals. Macropterous species are characterized by depleted δ13C values, which can be interpreted in terms of lipid-rich prey selection. Wing dimorphic species are characterized by higher trophic levels, as inferred from δ15 N values, than winged species. Numbers of islands colonized by particular species were not correlated with δ15 N values, δ13C values or isotopic niche width. Our results point to a relationship between diet and wing morphology in ground beetles.
RIJKSINSTITUUT VOOR VOLKSGEZONDHEID EN MILIEU NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT

During the second Advisory Board Meeting on IMAGE 2.0 (originally, the Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect, and now known as the Integrated Model to Assess the ) in June 1994, improvement of the Agricultural Economy Model (AEM) was discussed. It was decided to adopt a ‘simple equilibrium relation between supply and demand’ which resulted in a new version of the AEM as part of IMAGE 2.1. In this version, the AEM is part of the Terrestrial Environmental System (TES) and computes the food, feed crops and timber demands. The output of the AEM forms one of the inputs to the Land Cover Model (LCM), which simulates how land use and land cover will change in order to meet the demands of the AEM and those for biofuels and fuelwood, as determined by the Energy/Industry System (EIS). In this report, the focus will be on improvements in the AEM in IMAGE 2.2 compared to IMAGE 2.1. Why and how this part of the AEM has been improved in IMAGE 2.2 is outlined by first describing the IMAGE 2.1-version of the AEM and the related problems. This is followed by a discussion of how these problems could be tackled in IMAGE 2.2 and what steps are currently being considered to develop an integrated land-economy model that will cover all land-related products (food, feed, wood, biomass, etc.) into one economic model. This model will form part of a new version of IMAGE. page 4 of 52 RVM report 481508 015 RIVM report 481508015 page 5 of 52
Incomplete Markets and the Evolution of the US. Consumer Wealth Distribution

We use a buffer-stock saving model to explain the evolution of the consumer net-worth distribution in the US between 1983 and 2004. We focus on net-worth up to the 90th percentile due to the well-known problem of matching the wealth concentration in the top percentiles. The model . fits the net-worth distribution (up to the 90th percentile) in the Survey of Consumer Finances 1983 well if we account for heterogeneity across consumers, especially in terms of age and education. Most interestingly, the estimated model for 1983 predicts the observed stability of net worth up to the 90th percentile between 1983 and 2004 if we attribute only part of the observed increase in the variance of labor earnings to higher income uncertainty. Quantitatively, the stronger precautionary-saving motive due to the increase in labor income risk is then counterbalanced by the higher cost of buffer-stock savings due to the fall of the real interest rate.
Advanced Heterotopic Pregnancy: A Case Report

Heterotopic pregnancy is a pathological form of biovular dizygotic twin pregnancy. This is a rare disease, but its incidence has increased sharply in recent years due to the development of medically assisted procreation and the resurgence of pelvic infections. Diagnosis and therapeutic management of heterotopic pregnancy are essential to improve maternal prognosis and proper conduct of the intrauterine pregnancy. The authors report a new advanced heterotopic pregnancy in a woman treated for infertility. Through the literature data, they focus on the different aspects of this rare form of pregnancy.
Crohn's Disease: A Comparative Study on the Noninvasive Diagnostic Methods for Small Bowel Disease

The non-invasive methods used in the diagnosis of small bowel disease includes; Capsule Endoscopy, Double Balloon Enteroscopy, Single Bowel Enteroscopy, Computed Tomographic Enterography, Magnetic Enterography, Small Bowel Follow Through and Small Intestine Contrast Ultrasonography. These techniques have been useful in detection of suspected and established Crohn’s disease, mucosal lesions, extraluminal extensions, fistula, abscesses, fistulas etc. The objective of this research was to compare the non-invasive techniques used for diagnosis of Crohn’s disease with the aim of proposing the most preferred. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched for studies involving non-invasive diagnostic method for CD. Different diagnostic techniques were analyzed and compared for parameter such as specificity, sensitivity and detection of complication. It was concluded that Small Intestine Contrast Ultrasonography (SICUS) was the most preferred technique with the sensitivity of 97.5% and specificity of 100%. In addition, SICUS showed high accuracy for detection of complications in the small intestine in comparison to other diagnostic modalities.
Regulation of Arabidopsis Circadian Clock by De-Etiolated 1 (DET1) Possibly via Histone 3 Acetylation (H3Ac)

The circadian clock is a self-sustaining 24-hour timekeeper that allows organisms to anticipate daily-changing environmental time cues. Circadian clock genes are regulated by a transcriptional-translational feedback loop. In Arabidopsis, LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) transcripts are highly expressed in the morning. Translated LHY and CCA1 proteins repress the expression of the TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (TOC1) transcripts, which peaks in the evening. The TOC1 protein elevates the expression of the LHY and CCA1 transcripts, forming a negative feedback loop that is believed to constitute the oscillatory mechanism of the clock. In mammals, the transcription factor protein CLOCK, which is a central component of the circadian clock, was reported to have an intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, suggesting that histone acetylation is important for core clock mechanisms. However, little is known about the components necessary for the histone acetylation of the Arabidopsis clock-related genes. Here, I report that DET1 (De-Etiolated1) functions as a negative regulator of a key component of the Arabidopsis circadian clock gene LHY in constant dark phases (DD) and is required for the down-regulation of LHY expression through the acetylation of histone 3 (H3Ac). However, the HATs directly responsible for the acetylation of H3 within LHY chromatin need to be identified, and a link connecting the HATs and DET1 protein is still absent.
Orthogonal polynomials and cubature formulae on spheres and on simplices

Orthogonal polynomials on the standard simplex E in R are shown to be related to the spherical orthogonal polynomials on the unit sphere S in R that are invariant under the group Z2 x • • • x Z2. For a large class of measures on S, cubature formulae invariant under Z2 X • • • X Z2 are shown to be characterized by cubature formulae on S. Moreover, it also is shown that there is a correspondence between orthogonal polynomials and cubature formulae on S and those invariant on the unit ball B in R. The results provide a new approach to study orthogonal polynomials and cubature formulae on spheres and on simplices.
Cu/Zn SOD Enzyme Immunoreactivity in the Stomach Tissue of Rats Feedind with Great Scallop (Pecten maximus)

Bivalve seafood grown in Dardanelles is exposed to environmental pollution for years. Especially heavy metal salts have accumulated in the flesh of marine species. Great scallop is consumed as food and it is a valuable product. There are no studies on the effects toxic of other living organisms consuming bivalve marine life in the Dardanelles. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of great scallop on Cu/Zn SOD enzyme production. The great scallop given as food to the rats were removed from the Dardanelles Cardak region. Four groups of rats are included in the study, group 1 (n=6), control group fed with standard rat food, group 2 (n=6), 75% great scallop and 25% standard rat food daily, group 3 (n=6), 75% great scallop and 25% standard rat food every two days, group 4 (n=6), 75% great scallop and 25% standard rat food every three days. To detect Cu/Zn SOD localization in the tissues, the LAB-SA Detection System was used. Cu/Zn SOD immunoreactivity was detected of epithelial cells in the gastric mucosa of rats fed with great scallop. Cu/Zn SOD enzyme immunoreactivity was detected in gastric mucosal epithelial cells of great scallop-fed rats. Cu/Zn SOD enzyme immunoreactivity was observed in 91% in the second group, 88.67% in the third group and 68.50% in the fourth group. We think that the reason for the detection of Cu/Zn SOD enzyme immunoreactivity in the gastric mucosa of rats fed with sea tark collected from Dardanelles is due to the accumulation of heavy metal salts in great scallos. Key words : Immunohistochemistry, great scallop, Dardanelles, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, stomach
Common inorganic ions are efficient catalysts for organic reactions in atmospheric aerosols and other natural environments

In this work, inorganic ammonium ions, NH4+, and carbonate ions, CO32-, are reported for the first time as catalysts for organic reactions in atmospheric aerosols and other natural environments at the Earth’s surface. These reactions include the formation of C-C and C-O bonds by aldol condensation and acetal formation, and reveal a new aspect of the interactions between organic and inorganic materials in natural environments. The catalytic properties of inorganic ammonium ions, in particular, were not previously known in chemistry. The reactions were found to be as fast in tropospheric ammonium sulfate composition as in concentrated sulfuric acid. The ubiquitous presence and large concentrations of ammonium ions in tropospheric aerosols would make of ammonium catalysis a main consumption pathway for organic compounds in these aerosols, while acid catalysis would have a minor contribution. In particular, ammonium catalysis would account quantitatively for the aging of carbonyl compounds into secondary “fulvic” compounds in tropospheric aerosols, a transformation affecting the optical properties of these aerosols. In general, ammonium catalysis is likely to be responsible for many observations previously attributed to acid catalysis in the troposphere.
Running head: FACTORS INFLUENCING STRATEGY USE IN I QUIRY LEARNING TASKS 1 Factors Influencing Strategy Use In Inquiry Learnin g Tasks

This study investigated three factors that may be o f influence on the type of investigative strategy learners use in an enquiry learning task. These factors are existing domain knowledge, goal orientation and systematic thinking . Learners with high domain knowledge were expected to employ a theory driven strategy. Learners with less domain knowledge were expected to use a data-driven strategy. Learn ers with a high ability in systematic thinking were expected to be more consistent in the ir strategy use than low-ability learners. The adoption of a Scientist or Engineering goal ori entation is hypothesized to influence the adoption of a theory driven or data-driven strategy . Participants were 23 volunteers. Their domain knowledge, systematic thinking and goal orie ntation were measured by pen-and paper tests. Then they engaged in an enquiry learn ing task. Participants’ strategy use in this task was compared with their scores on the other fa ctors. The results support the hypothesis about domain knowledge and strategy use. The two o her hypotheses are not supported by the results. The results of this study and their i mplications are discussed.
Quench-induced entanglement and relaxation dynamics in Luttinger liquids

We investigate the time evolution towards the asymptotic steady state of a one dimensional interacting system after a quantum quench. We show that at finite time the latter induces entanglement between right- and left- moving density excitations, encoded in their cross-correlators, which vanishes in the long-time limit. This behavior results in a universal time-decay in system spectral properties $ \propto t^{-2} $, in addition to non-universal power-law contributions typical of Luttinger liquids. Importantly, we argue that the presence of quench-induced entanglement clearly emerges in transport properties, such as charge and energy currents injected in the system from a biased probe, and determines their long-time dynamics. In particular, energy fractionalization phenomenon turns out to be a promising platform to observe the universal power-law decay $ \propto t^{-2} $ induced by entanglement and represents a novel way to study the corresponding relaxation mechanism.
WHAT IS THE INFLUENCE OF CORN PARTICLE SIZE AND HIGH TEMPERATURE OF THE SEMIARID REGION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF LABEL ROUGE LAYING HENS

There are several studies about the effect of corn particle size on egg production with semi heavy hens, however, the effect of enviromental heat stress on this efficiency and physiological responses still needs more information. This study was conducted in the avian farm of UFERSA from Mossoro (RN) Brazil, to evaluate the influence of corn particle size and high temperature of the semi-arid region on the productivity of label rouge laying hens. 120 animals were distributed in a completely randomized design distributed on three treatments, which were containing corn grain milled in sieves diameter of 2 mm (fine), 4 mm (medium) or 8 mm (coarse), providing different particle size or geometric mean diameter ( GMD ) of 605 µm, 1030 µm and 2280 µm, respectively. The comparison of means by Tukey-Kramer test (p <0.05) showed a significant effect of the treatments on rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR) and food intake (FI). The higher mean for RT (40.82°C), RR (53.68 breaths/min) and FI (122.03 g/bird/day) were found with GMD of 2280 µm, which differed from the GMD of 605 µm and 1030 µm, but did not differ between them. Therefore, the larger corn particle size possibly resulted in increased metabolic heat production in the laying hens, but this increase in body temperature was efficiently dissipated by label rouge hens, because there was no significant difference in the egg production, egg weigth, egg mass and feed convertion.