Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Blockage and Location on Mixing of Swirling Coaxial Jets in a Non-expanding Circular Confinement

Abstract A study is conducted to evolve an effective design concept to improve mixing in a combustor chamber to reduce the amount of intake air. The geometry used is that of a gas turbine combustor model. For simplicity, both the jets have been considered as air jets and effect of heat release and chemical reaction has not been modeled. Various contraction shapes and blockage have been investigated by placing them downstream at different locations with respect to inlet to obtain better mixing. A commercial CFD code ‘Fluent 6.3’ which is based on finite volume method has been used to solve the flow in the combustor model. Validation is done with the experimental data available in literature using standard k-ω turbulence model. The study has shown that contraction and blockage at optimum location enhances the mixing process. Further, the effect of swirl in the jets has also investigated.
System Analysis of Adaptor-Related Protein Complex 1 Subunit Mu 2 (AP1M2) on Malignant Tumors: A Pan-Cancer Analysis

Objective To identify new tumor marker genes available for early tumor screening, differentially expressed gene profiles of multiple tumors were compared using Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. As AP1M2 was highly and differentially expressed in invasive breast carcinoma, the purpose of this study was to explore the association of AP1M2 gene with the survival, immune invasion, and tumor neoantigens of patients on a pan-cancer basis. Methods The expression and distribution of AP1M2 gene in tumor tissues and the corresponding normal control tissues were analyzed using the pan-cancer databases GTEx, CCLE, and TCGA. Kaplan-Meyer survival plots and proportional hazards model (COX) were employed to evaluate actions of AP1M2 on the clinical prognosis of tumor patients. Subsequently, the association of AP1M2 expression with immune invasion in different tumor types was explored. Simultaneously, the investigation of the interrelationship of AP1M2 and tumor neoantigens of the immune system, unstable microsatellite, DNA repair genes, and DNA methyltransferases were explored, and the mutation frequency of AP1M2 gene in diverse tumors was studied. Several tumor types were analyzed using gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results AP1M2 was abundantly expressed in a wide range of cancers, and its expression level was positively correlated with the outcome of tumor victims. Through a study on AP1M2 action on clinical prognosis and immune infiltration in tumor patients, AP1M2 expression in breast-infiltrating carcinoma was found to be highly associated with patients' overall survival and infiltration levels of macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells (CD4+ and CD8+), and B cells. Also, AP1M2 expression was positively correlated with tumor immune neoantigens and microsatellite instability in breast invasive carcinoma. The effect of AP1M2 on tumors was analyzed by GSEA, and findings demonstrated that AP1M2 expression levels in most tumors influenced the activation of tumor-associated pathways and immune-associated pathways. Conclusions These findings suggest that AP1M2 expression levels are significantly correlated to patients' outcomes and levels of immune infiltration in most cancer types, including T cells (CD8+ and CD4+), macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (DCs), particularly in breast cancer. The results indicate that AP1M2 may influence the tumor environment of invasive breast cancer patients and it may be a target contributing to early screening and treatment for breast cancer, helping improve the efficiency of early screening and overall survival rate in invasive breast cancer patients.
Developmental delay and its associated factors among children under five years in urban slums of Nepal

Introduction Children from low-resource settings are more likely to encounter those factors that adversely influence their ability to acquire developmental potential. This study was conducted to assess the developmental status and its associated factors among children under five years of slum areas of Butwal Sub Metropolitan City, Rupandehi, Nepal. Methods and findings We conducted a community-based cross-sectional descriptive study using Developmental Milestone Chart (DMC) among 165 children under five years. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council. R software was used for data analysis. The association between developmental status and associated factors were examined with Chi-square and followed by logistic regression. Notably, more than half of the children (56.4%) had delayed development across two or more domains of gross motor, fine motor, language/ speech, and social development. Age, sex, socio-economic status, availability of learning materials, the occurrence of infectious diseases, and height-for-age of children were found to be significantly associated with the developmental status of children under study (p<0.05). Conclusions More than half of the children taken under the study had delayed development on different four domains. Findings from the study suggest that there should be similar studies conducted among children living in slum-like conditions. Additionally, programs should be designed as such which aims to mitigate the effect of socio-economic status on child development and has learning and nutritional aspects embedded central to its deliverance.
On the Estimation of Stochastic Production Frontiers with Self-Selectivity: Jasmine and Non-Jasmine Rice in Thailand †

This study attempts to analyse factors, especially neck blast and technical efficiency, affecting Jasmine and non-Jasmine rice production in Thailand. Stochastic production frontier estimation methods are used. Since the observed output levels were not sampled randomly from the population due to the farmer's decision on the selectivity of growing Jasmine or non-Jasmine rice, the stochastic production frontier estimation method had to be modified to include a self-selectivity variable to eliminate biasing estimated parameters.
Identification and validation of an immune-related gene pairs signature for three urologic cancers

Reliable biomarkers are needed to recognize urologic cancer patients at high risk for recurrence. In this study, we built a novel immune-related gene pairs signature to simultaneously predict recurrence for three urologic cancers. We gathered 14 publicly available gene expression profiles including bladder, prostate and kidney cancer. A total of 2,700 samples were classified into the training set (n = 1,622) and validation set (n = 1,078). The 25 immune-related gene pairs signature consisting of 41 unique genes was developed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and Cox regression model. The signature stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups with significantly different relapse-free survival in the meta-training set and its subpopulations, and was an independent prognostic factor of urologic cancers. This signature showed a robust ability in the meta-validation and multiple independent validation cohorts. Immune and inflammatory response, chemotaxis and cytokine activity were enriched with genes relevant to the signature. A significantly higher infiltration level of M1 macrophages was found in the high-risk group versus the low-risk group. In conclusion, our signature is a promising prognostic biomarker for predicting relapse-free survival in patients with urologic cancer.
The Mineralization Regulator ANKH Mediates Cellular Efflux of ATP, Not Pyrophosphate

The plasma membrane protein ankylosis homologue (ANKH, mouse ortholog: Ank) prevents pathological mineralization of joints by controlling extracellular levels of the mineralization inhibitor pyrophosphate (PPi). It was long thought that ANKH acts by transporting PPi into the joints. We recently showed that when overproduced in HEK293 cells, ANKH mediates release of large amounts of nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs), predominantly ATP, into the culture medium. ATP is converted extracellularly into PPi and AMP by the ectoenzyme ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1). We could not rule out, however, that cells also release PPi directly via ANKH. We now addressed the question of whether PPi leaves cells via ANKH using HEK293 cells that completely lack ENPP1. Introduction of ANKH in these ENPP1‐deficient HEK293 cells resulted in robust cellular ATP release without the concomitant increase in extracellular PPi found in ENPP1‐proficient cells. Ank activity was previously shown to be responsible for about 75% of the PPi found in mouse bones. However, bones of Enpp1−/− mice contained <2.5% of the PPi found in bones of wild‐type mice, showing that Enpp1 activity is also a prerequisite for Ank‐dependent PPi incorporation into the mineralized bone matrix in vivo. Hence, ATP release precedes ENPP1‐mediated PPi formation. We find that ANKH also provides about 25% of plasma PPi, whereas we have previously shown that 60% to 70% of plasma PPi is derived from the NTPs extruded by the ABC transporter, ABCC6. Both transporters that keep plasma PPi at sufficient levels to prevent pathological calcification therefore do so by extruding NTPs rather than PPi itself. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Music Recommendation via Hypergraph Embedding

In recent years, we have witnessed an ever wider spread of multimedia streaming platforms (e.g., Netflix, Spotify, and Amazon). Hence, it has become more and more essential to provide such systems with advanced recommendation facilities, in order to support users in browsing these massive collections of multimedia data according to their preferences and needs. In this context, the modeling of entities and their complex relationships (e.g., users listening to topic-based songs or authors creating different releases of their lyrics) represents the key challenge to improve the recommendation and maximize the users’ satisfaction. To this end, this is the first study to leverage the high representative power of hypergraph data structures in combination with modern graph machine learning techniques in the context of music recommendation. Specifically, we propose hypergraph embeddings for music recommendation (HEMR), a novel framework for song recommendation based on hypergraph embedding. The hypergraph data model allows us to represent seamlessly all the possible and complex interactions between users and songs with the related characteristics; meanwhile, embedding techniques provide a powerful way to infer the user–song similarities by vector mapping. We have experimented the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach with respect to the state-of-the-art most recent music recommender systems, exploiting the Million Song dataset. The results show that HEMR significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques, especially in scenarios where the cold-start problem arises, thus making our system a suitable solution to embed within a music streaming platform.
Body size and sexual selection shaped the evolution of parrot calls

Morphology, habitat and various selective pressures (e.g. social and sexual selection) can influence the evolution of acoustic signals, but the relative importance of their effects is not well understood. The order Psittaciformes (parrots, sensu lato) is a large clade of very vocal and often gregarious species for which large‐scale comparative studies of vocalizations are lacking. We measured acoustic traits (duration, sound frequency, frequency bandwidth and sound entropy) of the predominant call type for >200 parrot species to test: (1) for associations with body size; (2) the acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH) (predicting differences between forest and open‐habitat species); (3) the social complexity hypothesis (predicting more complex calls in gregarious species) and (4) influences of sexual selection (predicting correlated evolution with colour ornamentation). Larger species had on average longer calls, lower sound frequency and wider frequency bandwidth. These associations with body size are all predicted by physical principles of sound production. We found no evidence for the acoustic adaptation and social complexity hypotheses, but perhaps social complexity is associated with vocal traits not studied here, such as call repertoire sizes. More sexually dichromatic species had on average simpler calls (shorter, with lower entropy and narrower frequency bandwidth) indicating an influence of sexual selection, namely an evolutionary negative correlation between colour ornamentation and elaborate acoustic signals, as predicted by the transference hypothesis. Our study is the first large‐scale attempt at understanding acoustic diversity across the Psittaciformes, and indicates that body size and sexual selection influenced the evolution of species differences in vocal signals.
Fish oil supplementation may improve attention, working memory and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adults with autism spectrum disorder: a randomised crossover trial

Abstract Marine n-3 fatty acids (n-3LCPUFA) have shown neurocognitive benefits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but few trials have examined effects in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We explored, if n-3LCPUFA affect cognitive functions in adults with ASD, and if effects are modified by comorbid ADHD. In a 2 × 4 week crossover study, twenty-six participants were randomised to sequence of supplementation with fish oil (FO, 5·2 g/d n-3PUFA) and safflower oil (SO). At baseline and after each period, we measured primary outcomes: attention (d2-test) and spatial working memory (Corsi test) and secondary outcomes: flexibility (Stroop word-colour test), ADHD symptoms (Conners scales), executive functions (Behavioural Inventory of Executive Function) and social behaviour (Social Responsiveness Scale). The dropout rate was 15 %. Compliance was 94 % and correlated with whole-blood n-3LCPUFA. Corsi scores improved by ∼0·3 × sd (P = 0·032) after FO v. SO, and the odds for d2 errors were 30 % lower (P = 0·016), which was supported by improved Conners scores of attention (P = 0·023). Improvement in Conners ADHD symptom score was limited to participants with ADHD (–3·5(–6·0; –1·0), n 10 v. −0·2(–2·5;2·2), n 11 without ADHD, P interaction = 0·096), who also improved their behavioural regulation index by 0·3 × sd after FO (P interaction = 0·016). Participants without ADHD gained most in d2 test performance (OR = 0·4(0·2;0·7) v. 0·9(0·6;1·3) in those with ADHD, P interaction = 0·002), but their executive function score was exacerbated after FO (5·9(0·0,11·8), P interaction = 0·039). Our results did not show any effects on ASD symptoms, but suggest that FO may improve attention and working memory in adults with ASD and ameliorate ADHD symptoms in those with comorbid ADHD.
Capture and Reuse of Project Knowledge in Construction

To conclude, we should stress a lot of qualities of this book; one of them is the regard paid to PPP/PFI projects, characterized by neither denigration nor indulgence. The failures of a lot of them, especially in the initial wave, are the starting point of the reasoning: weakness of quality in service delivery, high costs, etc. are clearly mentioned and taken as food for thought. Another point of interest is that this book can be published now because we have the benefit of much experience, partly the authors’ own work and experience, partly the actors, agencies and institutions, appraisals and evaluations that have been done. From this point of view, the book has the benefit of collective knowledge built step by step from different sources and with different approaches. Another quality is the didactic design of the book. It is organized into four parts: policy and strategic context for PPP/PFI; principles of governance and its application; knowledge management theories, principles and practices; improving governance and knowledge management through capacity building and a framework for knowledge transfer and learning. We should focus on the particular quality of Chapter 5, providing case studies on governance in the health sector, and of Chapter 7, giving case studies on knowledge transfer, from the knowledge perspectives of the different actors. They are very useful for developing a close understanding of the reality and complexity of PFI/PPP. But beyond this general comment, some questions remain unresolved. The first one is the boundary between a clear and fair analysis and some normative approach; the authors do not avoid this hazard in their search for good governance, their will to go from tacit to explicit and codified knowledge, their care about standards and tools, etc. The boundary is not always clear between the transfer of lessons learned and their simplification through some simple and dry ‘best ways’ norms. This problem comes partly from the instrumental initial definition of knowledge management. Another unresolved question refers to the change of the status of public client and the consequence for the future of knowledge in the public sector. ‘There is a critical shortage of PPP experts’ the authors remark. They are right if the role of public client has to be reduced to output specification and VfM control. But not a word is said about public sector knowledge in quality control and service delivery. Some feedback from experience provides evidence that knowledge in core services delivered remains the strength of the public sector.
Vascular Complications Among Patients Undergoing Trans-femoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Prostar vs ProGlide Parallel Technique

Reliable femoral artery closure devices are essential for the success of trans-femoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) procedures. Accordingly, device choice might affect vascular complications and bleeding rates. This was a retrospective analysis, comparing vascular complication rates among patients who underwent trans-femoral TAVI with vascular access closure using either the ProGlide parallel suture or Prostar closure devices. We included 191 patients: 106 were treated with Prostar and 85 with ProGlide. The ProGlide group had higher rate of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, peripheral arterial disease, and significantly smaller femoral arteries that were treated via larger sheaths. Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-2 major complications were similar between the groups. (4.7% for ProGlide vs 3.8% for Prostar, P=1), with similar incidence of closure device failure (2 vs 3, P=1). No differences were found after univariant analysis and propensity-score matching in the incidence of major and minor bleeding nor in the rate of in-hospital mortality between ProGlide and Prostar (4.7 vs 2.8%, P=.7, 1.2 vs 2.8%, P=.63, and 1.2 vs .0%, P=.45, respectively). Parallel suture technique using two ProGlide sutures showed comparable rates of vascular complications to the Prostar closure device in higher risk population of TAVI patients.
Terror Detection Using Text Mining

Web or World Wide Web is storage for huge amount of information. The Users of the web can access information stored on web via computers. The main reason behind rapid growth of web is social web culture. Every day the number of web users is increasing, hence parallel growth in Cybercrime. Web allows us discussions and sharing of our knowledge freely, but it also has a negative side which can be harmful for society. Sharing or discussing information related to terrorism is one of the most important problems faced by many countries today. Terrorists are using web as a medium to spread their activities and encourage young generation to join them. To find a solution to this problem this paper presents the implementation of a system which detects terror activities on web by using text mining.
The model of litter size reduction induces long‐term disruption of the gut‐brain axis: An explanation for the hyperphagia of Wistar rats of both sexes

The gut microbiota affects the host's metabolic phenotype, impacting health and disease. The gut‐brain axis unites the intestine with the centers of hunger and satiety, affecting the eating behavior. Deregulation of this axis can lead to obesity onset. Litter size reduction is a well‐studied model for infant obesity because it causes overnutrition and programs for obesity. We hypothesize that animals raised in small litters (SL) have altered circuitry between the intestine and brain, causing hyperphagia. We investigated vagus nerve activity, the expression of c‐Fos, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), gastrointestinal (GI) hormone receptors, and content of bacterial phyla and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces of adult male and female Wistar rats overfed during lactation. On the 3rd day after birth, litter size was reduced to 3 pups/litter (SL males or SL females) until weaning. Controls had normal litter size (10 pups/litter: 5 males and 5 females). The rats were killed at 5 months of age. The male and female offspring were analyzed separately. The SL group of both sexes showed higher food consumption and body adiposity than the respective controls. SL animals presented dysbiosis (increased Firmicutes, decreased Bacteroidetes) and had increased vagus nerve activity. Only the SL males had decreased hypothalamic GLP‐1 receptor expression, while only the SL females had lower acetate and propionate in the feces and higher CCK receptor expression in the hypothalamus. Thus, overfeeding during lactation differentially changes the gut‐brain axis, contributing to hyperphagia of the offspring of both sexes.
Simultaneous detection of Zika, chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis viruses by a two‐tube multiplex real‐time RT‐PCR assay

Due to the concurrent prevalence and increasing risk of coinfection of the clinically important Arboviruses, timely and accurate differential diagnosis is important for clinical management and the epidemiological investigation. A two‐tube multiplex real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay for the simultaneous detection of Zika virus (ZIKV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was developed and optimized with high specificity and sensitivity. The detection limit for all the six viruses could reach as low as five genome equivalent copies and 2.8 × 10−3 tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50) for ZIKV, YFV, CHIKV and 2.8 × 10−2 TCID50 for JEV per reaction, with high accuracy and precision (R2 > 0.99). The coefficient of variation of intra‐assay and inter‐assay for our quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) assay was low, and the obtained positive rates ad Ct values of this assay were comparable with singleplex commercial kits. Moreover, the multiplex qRT‐PCR assay was able to detect possible co‐infections without competitive inhibition of target viral genomes. In conclusion, our rapid, sensitive, cost‐effective multiplex qRT‐PCR will be of great use for differential diagnosis in a clinical setting and epidemiological investigation during surveillance.