Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Randomized Controlled Trial of Music During Kangaroo Care

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the influences of music during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety and preterm infants' responses. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 30 hospitalized preterm infants, from two neonatal intensive care units, with a body weight of 1,500 grams and over and gestational age 37 weeks and lower. Mother-infant dyads were assigned to the treatment and the control group using permuted block randomization stratified on gender. There were 15 mother-infant dyads in each group. Subjects in the treatment dyads listened to their choice of lullaby music during kangaroo care for 60 minutes per sectiontper day for 3 consecutive days. Control dyads received routine incubator care. Using a repeated measures design with a pretest and three post-tests, the responses of treatment dyads including maternal anxiety and infants' physiologic responses (heart rate, respiratory rate, and 0 2 saturation), as well as behavioral state, were measured. The results revealed that there were no significant differences between the two groups on infants' physiologic responses and the values were all in the normal range. However, infants in the treatment group had more occurrences of quiet sleep states and less crying (p < 0.05 to 0.01). Music during kangaroo care also resulted in significantly lower maternal anxiety in the treatment group (p < 0.01). Maternal state anxiety improved daily, indicating a cumulative dose effect. The findings provide evidence for the use of music during kangaroo care as an empirically based intervention for behavioral state stability and maternal anxiety in mother-infant dyads.
The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP)

Background: The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) is to date the largest multi-centre, multidisciplinary observational study on biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current paper describes the clinical characteristics of the LEAP cohort and examines age, sex and IQ differences in ASD core symptoms and common co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. A companion paper describes the overall design and experimental protocol and outlines the strategy to identify stratification biomarkers. Methods: From six research centres in four European countries, we recruited 437 children and adults with ASD and 300 controls between the ages of 6 and 30 years with IQs varying between 50 and 148. We conducted in-depth clinical characterisation including a wide range of observational, interview and questionnaire measures of the ASD phenotype, as well as co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. Results: The cohort showed heterogeneity in ASD symptom presentation, with only minimal to moderate site differences on core clinical and cognitive measures. On both parent-report interview and questionnaire measures, ASD symptom severity was lower in adults compared to children and adolescents. The precise pattern of differences varied across measures, but there was some evidence of both lower social symptoms and lower repetitive behaviour severity in adults. Males had higher ASD symptom scores than females on clinician-rated and parent interview diagnostic measures but not on parent-reported dimensional measures of ASD symptoms. In contrast, self-reported ASD symptom severity was higher in adults compared to adolescents, and in adult females compared to males. Higher scores on ASD symptom measures were moderately associated with lower IQ. Both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive ADHD symptoms were lower in adults than in children and adolescents, and males with ASD had higher levels of inattentive and hyperactive/ impulsive ADHD symptoms than females. (Continued on next page) * Correspondence: tony.charman@kcl.ac. uk Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Charman et al. Molecular Autism (2017) 8:27 DOI 10.1186/s13229-017-0145-9
Management of nitrogen symbiosis and plant nitrogen nutrition of field pea (Pisum sativum) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) with spectral reflectance

Pulse crop production is increasing steadily throughout the northern Great Plains region and is dependent on routinely successful biological N2-Axation. Nodulation failure in grain legumes, resulting in plant N deficiency and economic crop loss, might be alleviated by a remedial N fertilizer application. The objectives of the study were to: (I) determine the potential period for yield recovery by fertilizer N application for simulated nodulation failure of dry pea and chickpea, (2) characterize spectral signatures for nodulated vs. non-nodulated dry pea and chickpea, and (3) determine if plant N deficiency can be detected through spectral analysis sufficiently early to permit yield recovery by remedial N fertilizer application. Two grain legume crop types (semi-leafless field pea, kabuli chickpea) were evaluated for potential yield recovery from a nodulation failure with fertilizer applications occurring at 0, 4, 6, and 8 wk after seeding. The fertilizer application rates were: 102 kg N ha"1 for field pea and 69 kg N ha"1 for chickpea, in 1999, and increased to 183 kg N ha"1 and 115 kg N ha"1, respectively in 2000. Field pea displayed N deficiency clearly and revealed an application window for partial to complete yield recovery of 0 to 6 wk after seeding. Seed N content was increased by 0, 4 and 6 wk fertilizer treatments ( f -value < 0.05). Chickpea yields were low due to predation and drought stress during the pod filling stage. Consequently, few yield differences were observed, but chickpea seed N concentrations of 0 to 6 wk after seeding fertilizer treatments resulted in plant N status equal to an inoculated, N2 fixing crop. Significant logistic regression models were derived for both pulse crops from reflectance values for inoculated and uninoculated control treatments. The model for field pea had an overall accuracy of 84% and was capable of assisting a management decision in a timely manner. The model for chickpea had a reduced accuracy of 60% and, as a result, was not useful for detecting nodulation failure.
Pregabalin and placebo responders show different effects on central pain processing in chronic pancreatitis patients.

BACKGROUND Pain control in chronic pancreatitis is a major challenge; the mechanisms behind analgesic treatment are poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the differences in pain sensitivity and modulation in chronic pancreatitis patients, based on their clinical response (responders vs nonresponders) to placebo or pregabalin treatment. METHODS This study was part of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the analgesic effects of pregabalin and placebo in chronic pancreatitis. Post hoc, patients were assigned to one of four groups, ie, responders and nonresponders to pregabalin (n=16; n=15) or placebo (n=12; n=17) treatment. Responders were defined as patients with >30% pain reduction after 3 weeks of treatment. We measured change in pain sensitivity before and after the treatment using electric pain detection thresholds (ePDT) in dermatomes C5 (generalized effects) and Ventral T10 (segmental effects). Descending endogenous pain modulation was quantified via conditioned pain modulation (CPM) paradigm. RESULTS Sixty patients were analyzed in a per-protocol analysis. ePDT change in C5 was significant vs baseline and greater in pregabalin (1.3 mA) vs placebo responders (-0.1 mA; P=0.015). This was not so for ePDT in Ventral T10. CPM increased more in pregabalin (9%) vs placebo responders (-17%; P<0.001). CPM changed significantly vs baseline only for pregabalin responders (P=0.006). CONCLUSION This hypothesis-generating study provides the first evidence that pain relief with pregabalin is associated with anti-hyperalgesic effects and increased endogenous inhibitory modulation. No such effects were observed in patients experiencing pain relief with the placebo treatment. The mechanisms underlying analgesic response to placebo vs drug treatments are different and, together with their interactions, deserve further study.
A multiple-response frequency-tagging paradigm measures graded changes in consciousness during perceptual filling-in

Abstract Perceptual filling-in (PFI) occurs when a physically present visual target disappears from conscious perception, with its location filled-in by the surrounding visual background. These perceptual changes are complete, near instantaneous, and can occur for multiple separate locations simultaneously. Here, we show that contrasting neural activity during the presence or absence of multi-target PFI can complement other findings from multistable phenomena to reveal the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC). We presented four peripheral targets over a background dynamically updating at 20 Hz. While participants reported on target disappearances/reappearances via button press/release, we tracked neural activity entrained by the background during PFI using steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) recorded in the electroencephalogram. We found background SSVEPs closely correlated with subjective report, and increased with an increasing amount of PFI. Unexpectedly, we found that as the number of filled-in targets increased, the duration of target disappearances also increased, suggesting that facilitatory interactions exist between targets in separate visual quadrants. We also found distinct spatiotemporal correlates for the background SSVEP harmonics. Prior to genuine PFI, the response at the second harmonic (40 Hz) increased before the first (20 Hz), which we tentatively link to an attentional effect, while no such difference between harmonics was observed for physically removed stimuli. These results demonstrate that PFI can be used to study multi-object perceptual suppression when frequency-tagging the background of a visual display, and because there are distinct neural correlates for endogenously and exogenously induced changes in consciousness, that it is ideally suited to study the NCC.
Single-stage “Fix and Flap” gives Good Outcomes in Grade 3B/C Open Tibial Fractures: A Prospective Study

Introduction: Grade 3B/C open tibial fractures with grossly contaminated degloving injuries have poor outcomes, with or without vascular injuries. Treatment decision oscillates between limb salvage and amputation. The standard protocol of repeated debridement and delayed wound cover is a challenge in developing countries due to overcrowded emergencies and limited operating room availability. We present results of our modified protocol involving primary stabilisation with external fixation and immediate wound cover as an aggressive modality of treatment. Material and Methods: Thirty-three patients with severe open tibial shaft fractures were managed using a standardised protocol of emergent debridement, external fixation and immediate wound cover with free distant/local rotational muscle flaps and fasciocutaneous flaps, and with vascular repair in Grade 3C fractures. Intra-articular fractures were excluded. Patients were followed for a minimum of three years, with an assessment of clinical, radiological and functional outcomes. Results: Wound cover was achieved with 24 distant free muscle flaps, four local rotational muscle flaps and five fasciocutaneous flaps. All fractures united with an average time to union of 40.3 weeks (16-88). Fifteen patients (45.4%) underwent only a single major surgery using primary definitive external fixation. Deep infection was seen in four patients (12.1%). Nineteen patients had excellent to good outcomes, six were fair, and eight were poor. Conclusion: “Fix and Flap” in the same sitting, using immediate wound cover and external fixation, has given good results in our hands despite the delayed presentation, the neurovascular deficit and the degloving injury. This may be a better management strategy in overcrowded tertiary care centres of developing countries, with a single surgical procedure in almost half the cases.
Does Intensive Treatment Select for Praziquantel Resistance in High-Transmission Settings? Parasitological Trends and Treatment Efficacy Within a Cluster-Randomized Trial

Abstract Background Praziquantel mass drug administration (MDA) is recommended in schistosomiasis-endemic areas. Animal models demonstrate Schistosoma parasite resistance to praziquantel after repeated exposure. Methods We conducted a parasitological survey in 26 fishing communities in Uganda after 4 years of quarterly (13 communities) or annual (13 communities) praziquantel MDA, with Schistosoma infection detected by single-stool-sample Kato-Katz. A test of cure was done in participants who were positive on both urine circulating cathodic antigen test and 3-sample Kato-Katz. We calculated cure rates (CRs) and egg reduction rates (ERRs) based on 3-sample Kato-Katz and infection intensity using worm-specific circulating anodic antigen (CAA) in blood, comparing these between quarterly and annually treated participants. Results Single-sample Kato-Katz Schistosoma mansoni prevalence was 22% in 1,056 quarterly treated participants and 34% in 1,030 annually treated participants (risk ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40 to 0.94). Among 110 test-of-cure participants, CRs were 65% and 51% in annually and quarterly treated villages, respectively (odds ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.27 to 1.58); ERRs were 94% and 81% (difference, –13%; 95% CI, –48% to 2%). There was no impact of quarterly vs annual praziquantel on S. mansoni by CAA. Conclusions In this schistosomiasis hot spot, there was little evidence of decreased praziquantel efficacy. However, in the absence of alternative therapies, there remains a need for continued vigilance of praziquantel efficacy in the MDA era.
Proteomic Reference Map and Comparative Analysis between Streptomyces griseus S4-7 and wbiE2 Transcription Factor-Mutant Strain

Streptomyces griseus S4-7, a well-characterized keystone taxon among strawberry microbial communities, shows exceptional disease-preventing ability. The whole-genome sequence, functional genes, and bioactive secondary metabolites of the strain have been described in previous studies. However, proteomics studies of not only the S4-7 strain, but also the Streptomyces genus as a whole, remain limited to date. Therefore, in the present study, we created a proteomics reference map for S. griseus S4-7. Additionally, analysis of differentially expressed proteins was performed against a wblE2 mutant, which was deficient in spore chain development and did not express an antifungal activity-regulatory transcription factor. We believe that our data provide a foundation for further in-depth studies of functional keystone taxa of the phytobiome and elucidation of the mechanisms underlying plant-microbe interactions, es-pecially those involving the Streptomyces genus.
Differential Regulation of Vascular Focal Adhesion Kinase by Steady Stretch and Pulsatility

Background— In vivo tensile strain in arteries comprises 2 components: steady stretch and pulsatile stretch. However, little attention has been paid to the differential transduction of these stimuli in whole vessels. Methods and Results— Using rabbit aortas maintained in organ culture for 24 hours, we found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was strongly activated by high intraluminal pressure (150 mm Hg), as evidenced by increased phosphorylation (P<0.01) of tyrosine residues Tyr-397 (3.06±0.17-fold), Tyr-407 (3.71±0.65-fold), Tyr-861 (1.92±0.33-fold), and Tyr-925 (2.41±0.39-fold), compared with 80 mm Hg controls. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for these phosphotyrosines in the endothelium and innermost smooth muscle cell layers. Total FAK phosphorylation was reduced in vessels at 150 mm Hg by treatment with the Src family kinase inhibitor PP2 or with the integrin–extracellular matrix interaction–blocking RGD peptide, attaining 1.75±0.22-fold and 2.00±0.19-fold, respectively (P<0.05), compar.
Functional histology of the skin in the subterranean African giant mole-rat: thermal windows are determined solely by pelage characteristics

Excavation of burrows is an extremely physically demanding activity producing a large amount of metabolic heat. Dissipation of its surplus is crucial to avoid the risk of overheating, but in subterranean mammals it is complicated due to the absence of notable body extremities and high humidity in their burrows. IR-thermography in a previous study on two species of African mole-rats revealed that body heat was dissipated mainly through the ventral body part, which is notably less furred. Here, we analyzed the dorsal and ventral skin morphology, to test if dermal characteristics could contribute to higher heat dissipation through the ventral body part. The thickness of the epidermis and dermis and the presence, extent and connectivity of fat tissue in the dermis were examined using routine histological methods, while vascular density was evaluated using fluorescent dye and confocal microscopy in the giant mole-rat Fukomys mechowii. As in other hitherto studied subterranean mammals, no subcutaneous adipose tissue was found. All examined skin characteristics were very similar for both dorsal and ventral regions: relative content of adipose tissue in the dermis (14.4 ± 3.7% dorsally and 11.0 ± 4.0% ventrally), connectivity of dermal fat (98.5 ± 2.8% and 95.5 ± 6.8%), vascular density (26.5 ± 3.3% and 22.7 ± 2.3%). Absence of large differences in measured characteristics between particular body regions indicates that the thermal windows are determined mainly by the pelage characteristics.
Primary Cognitive Factors Impaired after Glioma Surgery and Associated Brain Regions

Previous studies have shown that cognitive impairments in patients with brain tumors are not severe. However, to preserve the postsurgical QOL of patients with brain tumors, it is important to identify “primary” cognitive functions and associated brain regions that are more vulnerable to cognitive impairments following surgery. The objective of this study was to investigate primary cognitive factors affecting not only simple cognitive tasks but also several other cognitive tasks and associated brain regions. Patients with glioma in the left (n = 33) and the right (n = 21) hemisphere participated in the study. Seven neuropsychological tasks from five cognitive domains were conducted pre- and 6 months postoperation. Factor analyses were conducted to identify “primary” common cognitive functions affecting the task performance in left and right glioma groups. Next, lesion analyses were performed using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) to identify critical brain regions related to impairments of the primary cognitive functions. Factor analysis revealed two primary cognitive components in each glioma group. The first cognitive component in the left glioma group affected the digit span forward and backward tasks and concept shifting and the letter-digit substitution tasks. VLSM analysis revealed significant regions from the posterior middle temporal gyri to the supramarginal gyrus. The second cognitive component affected verbal memory, and verbal fluency tasks and VLSM analysis indicated two different significant regions, the medial temporal regions and the middle temporal gyrus to the posterior parietal lobes. The first cognitive component in the right glioma group affected positive and negative factor loadings on the task, such that the positive cognitive component affected only the Stroop color-word task. VLSM related to deficits of the Stroop task revealed significant regions in the anterior medial frontal cortex. On the other hand, the negative component affected concept shifting, word fluency, and digit span forward tasks, and VLSM revealed significant regions in the right inferior frontal cortex. It is suggested that primary cognitive functions related to specific brain regions were possibly affected by glioma resection.
Study protocol: an evaluation of the effectiveness, experiences and costs of a patient-directed strategy compared with a multi-faceted strategy to implement physical cancer rehabilitation programmes for cancer survivors in a European healthcare system; a controlled before and after study

Background: The need for physical cancer rehabilitation programmes (PCRPs), addressing adverse effects from cancer, is growing. Implementing these programmes into daily practice is still a challenge. Since barriers for successful implementation often arise at different levels in healthcare, multi-faceted strategies focusing on multiple levels are likely more effective than single-faceted strategies. Nevertheless, most studies implementing PCRPs used strategies directed at patients only. The aim of this study is to develop and identify the most effective strategy to implement PCRPs into daily care. We want to assess the added value of a multi-faceted strategy compared with a single-faceted patient-directed strategy. Methods/design: We will conduct a clustered controlled before and after study (CBA) in the Netherlands that compares two strategies to implement PCRPs. The patient-directed (PD) strategy (five hospitals) will focus on change at the patient level. The multi-faceted (MF) strategy (five hospitals) will focus on change at the patient, professional and organizational levels. Eligibility criteria are as follows: (A) patients: adults; preferably (history of) cancer in the gastro-intestinal, reproductive and/or urological system; successful primary treatment; and without recurrence/metastases. (B) Healthcare professionals: involved in cancer care. A stepwise approach will be followed: Step 1: Analysis of the current implementation of PCRPs and the examination of barriers and facilitators for implementation, via a qualitative study with patients (four focus groups n = 10–12) and their healthcare workers (Continued on next page) * Correspondence: Charlotte.IJsbrandy@radboudumc.nlAQ4 Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, PO box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, PO box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Implementation Science © 2015 IJsbrandy et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. IJsbrandy et al. Implementation Science (2015) 10:128 DOI 10.1186/s13012-015-0312-3