Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CARDIOVASCULAR , PULMONARY , AND RENAL PATHOLOGY PTGER 1 Deletion Attenuates Renal Injury in Diabetic Mouse Models

opyright a 2013 American Society for Inve ublished by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved ttp://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ajpath. 2013.08. 022 We hypothesized that the EP1 receptor promotes renal damage in diabetic nephropathy. We rendered EP1 (PTGER1, official symbol) knockout mice (EP1 / ) diabetic using the streptozotocin and OVE26 models. Albuminuria, mesangial matrix expansion, and glomerular hypertrophy were each blunted in EP1 / streptozotocin and OVE26 cohorts compared with wild-type counterparts. Although diabetes-associated podocyte depletion was unaffected by EP1 deletion, EP1 antagonism with ONO-8711 in cultured podocytes decreased angiotensin IIemediated superoxide generation, suggesting that EP1-associated injury of remaining podocytes in vivo could contribute to filtration barrier dysfunction. Accordingly, EP1 deletion in OVE26 mice prevented nephrin mRNA expression down-regulation and ameliorated glomerular basement membrane thickening and foot process effacement. Moreover, EP1 deletion reduced diabetesinduced expression of fibrotic markers fibronectin and a-actin, whereas EP1 antagonism decreased fibronectin in cultured proximal tubule cells. Similarly, proximal tubule megalin expression was reduced by diabetes but was preserved in EP1 / mice. Finally, the diabetes-associated increase in angiotensin IIemediated constriction of isolated mesenteric arteries was blunted in OVE26EP1 / mice, demonstrating a role for EP1 receptors in the diabetic vasculature. These data suggest that EP1 activation contributes to diabetic nephropathy progression at several locations, including podocytes, proximal tubule, and the vasculature. The EP1 receptor facilitates the actions of angiotensin II, thereby suggesting that targeting of both the renin-angiotensin system and the EP1 receptor could be beneficial in diabetic nephropathy. (Am J Pathol 2013, 183: 1789e1802; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.08.022)
Poloidal asymmetries in edge transport barriersa)

Measurements of impurities in Alcator C-Mod indicate that in the pedestal region, significant poloidal asymmetries can exist in the impurity density, ion temperature, and main ion density. In light of the observation that ion temperature and electrostatic potential are not constant on a flux surface [Theiler et al., Nucl. Fusion 54, 083017 (2014)], a technique based on total pressure conservation to align profiles measured at separate poloidal locations is presented and applied. Gyrokinetic neoclassical simulations with XGCa support the observed large poloidal variations in ion temperature and density, and that the total pressure is approximately constant on a flux surface. With the updated alignment technique, the observed in-out asymmetry in impurity density is reduced from previous publishing [Churchill et al., Nucl. Fusion 53, 122002 (2013)], but remains substantial ( nz,H/nz,L∼6). Candidate asymmetry drivers are explored, showing that neither non-uniform impurity sources nor localized fluctuation-dri.
Gastrointestinal , Hepatobiliary , and Pancreatic Pathology S 100 P-Binding Protein , S 100 PBP , Mediates Adhesion through Regulation of Cathepsin Z in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Kate E. Lines,* Claude Chelala,* Branko Dmitrovic, Nilukshi Wijesuriya, Hemant M. Kocher, John F. Marshall, and Tatjana Crnogorac-Jurcevic* From the Centers for Molecular Oncology* and Tumor Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; the Department of Pathology, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, KBC Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
The Role of Production Uncertainty in Teacher Performance Pay : Theory and Experimental Evidence

Teacher performance incentives have not had consistently positive effects in the U.S. A necessary theoretical and empirical problem is how to design an incentive to induce the optimal allocation of effort among multiple tasks, which is usually modeled by assuming agents know the production function. Unlike some production processes in which output relies solely on worker skill and effort, teaching is distinguished by its complexity and its dependence on the reciprocal effort of students. The result is a context in which individual teachers are uncertain about the net marginal productivity of inputs. The innovation of this paper is to develop a model in which uncertainty about the production process in student learning (“production uncertainty”) is incorporated explicitly in the model of behavior and to assess agent responses to different incentive schemes in a laboratory experiment. ∗Phipps: University of Virginia. Special thanks to Sarah Turner, James Wyckoff, William Johnson, Charles Holt, Leora Friedberg, Brian Jacob, and Derek Neal for helpful comments and direction. Funding for this experiment was generously provided by the Steer Endowment Fund. The research reported here was supported by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant #R305B140026 to the Rectors and Visitors of the University of Virginia. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the institute or the U.S. Department of Education.
GASTROINTESTINAL , HEPATOBILIARY , AND PANCREATIC PATHOLOGY Knockout of Ste 20-Like Proline / Alanine-Rich Kinase ( SPAK ) Attenuates Intestinal In fl ammation in Mice

opyright a 2013 American Society for Inve ublished by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved ttp://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ajpath. 2013.01. 028 Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by epithelial barrier disruption and alterations in immune regulation. Ste20-like proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) plays a role in intestinal inflammation, but the underlying mechanisms need to be defined. Herein, SPAK knockout (KO) C57BL/6 mice exhibited significant increases in intestinal transepithelial resistance, a marked decrease in paracellular permeability to fluorescence isothiocyanateedextran, and altered apical side tight junction sodium ion selectivity, compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, the expression of junction protein, claudin-2, decreased. In contrast, expressions of occludin, E-cadherin, b-catenin, and claudin-5 increased significantly, whereas no obvious change of claudin-1, claudin-4, zonula occludens protein 1, and zonula occludens protein 2 expressions was observed. Inmurinemodels of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium and trinitrobenzene sulfuric acid, KO mice were more tolerant than wild-type mice, as demonstrated by colonoscopy features, histological characteristics, and myeloperoxidase activities. Consistent with these findings, KO mice showed increased IL-10 levels and decreased proinflammatory cytokine secretion, ameliorated bacterial translocation on treatment with dextran sulfate sodium, and regulation of with no lysine (WNK) kinase activity. Together, these features may reduce epithelial permeability. In conclusion, SPAK deficiency increases intestinal innate immune homeostasis, which is important for control or attenuation of pathological responses in inflammatory bowel diseases. (Am J Pathol 2013, 182: 1617e1628; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.01.028)
Neuronal Protein 3 . 1 De fi ciency Leads to Reduced Cutaneous Scar Collagen Deposition and Tensile

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 ajp.amjpathol. org 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 Neuronal Protein 3.1 Deficiency Leads to Reduced Cutaneous Scar Collagen Deposition and Tensile 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 Strength due to Impaired Transforming Growth Factor-b1 to -b3 Translation Tao Cheng,* Michael Yue,* Muhammad Nadeem Aslam,y Xin Wang,z Gajendra Shekhawat,z James Varani,y and Lucia Schuger*
Awards, archives, and affects: tropes in the World Press Photo contest 2009–11

Photography contests have assumed an increasingly significant public role in the context of the global surge of mass-mediated war reporting. This study focuses on the recurrence of visual tropes in press photographs awarded in the annual contest World Press Photo (WPP) in the years 2009–11. By tropes, we mean conventions (e.g. a mourning woman, a civilian facing soldiers, a distressed witness to an atrocity) that remain unchanged despite their travels across the visual sphere, gaining professional and public recognition and having a strong affective impact. We contend that photography contests such as the WPP influence and organize a process of generic understanding of war, disaster and atrocity that is based on a number of persistent tropes, such as the mourner, the protester or the survivor amidst chaos and ruins. We further show that these tropes are gendered along traditional conceptions of femininity and masculinity, appealing strongly to both judges and wider audiences. The evidence for our claim comes from an analysis of the photographs that won awards, observation of the judging sessions, semi-structured interviews with three jury chairmen, and public commentary on the juries’ choices (blogs, newspapers and websites).
through C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2-Dependent Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-AKT e Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Signaling and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 a / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Expression

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 ajp.amjpathol. org 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 Macrophages Regulate Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-Induced Renal Lymphangiogenesis 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 through C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2-Dependent Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-AKTeMechanistic Target of Rapamycin Signaling and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1a/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Expression Yan-Chao Guo,*y Meng Zhang,*y Fa-Xi Wang,* Guang-Chang Pei,y Fei Sun,* Ying Zhang,y Xiaoyu He,* Yi Wang,* Jia Song,* Feng-Ming Zhu,y Nuruliarizki S. Pandupuspitasari,* Jing Liu,* Kun Huang,z Ping Yang,* Fei Xiong,* Shu Zhang,* Qilin Yu,* Ying Yao,*y and Cong-Yi Wang* 90 91 92 93 94 From the Center for Biomedical Research,* Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Wuhan; the Department of Nephrology,y Tongji Hospital, Wuhan; and the Tongji School of Pharmacy,z Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
A Compact Circumstellar Shell as the Source of High--velocity Features in SN 2011fe

High-velocity features (HVF), especially of Ca II, are frequently seen in Type Ia supernova observed prior to B-band maximum (Bmax). These HVF evolve in velocity from more than 25,000 km/s, in the days after first light, to about 18,000 km/s near Bmax. To recreate the evolution of the Ca II near-infrared triplet (CaNIR) HVF in SN 2011fe, we consider the interaction between a model Type Ia supernova and compact circumstellar shells with masses between 0.003 solar masses and 0.012 solar masses. We fit the observed CaNIR feature using synthetic spectra generated from the models using syn++. The CaNIR feature is better explained by the supernova model interacting with a shell than the model without a shell, with a shell of mass 0.005 solar masses tending to be better fitting than the other shells. The evolution of the optical depth of CaNIR suggests that the ionization state of calcium within the ejecta and shell is not constant. We discuss the method used to measure the observed velocity of CaNIR and other features and conclude that HVF or other components can be falsely identified. We briefly discuss the possible origin of the shells and the implications for the progenitor system of the supernova.
IN PRESS Discontinuity Map Block Discontinuity Detection Morphological Operation Perceptual Integration Nonlinear Addition Texture masking Luminance Adaptation Luminance Masking Map Input Image Texture Classification Texture Classification Map Texture Masking Map Masking Map Noticeable Blockiness Ma

Blocking artifact is a prevailing degradation caused by the block-based Discrete Cosine Transform (BDCT) coding technique under low bit-rate conditions. In this paper, we propose an efficient no-reference noticeable blockiness estimation algorithm for BDCT coded images. The difference on block boundaries is first measured and then transformed into the block discontinuity map. We consider the effects of luminance adaptation and texture masking on blocking and integrate them using a nonlinear operator to form an overall masking map. This map is finally incorporated with the discontinuity map to generate Noticeable Blockiness Map (NBM), which can be used to guide perceptual quality assessment, codec parameter optimization, post-processing, etc. We have demonstrated the validity of the NBM through its applications in no-reference image quality assessment and image deblocking. & 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
' Pathogenesis-related ' Pl ( pl 4 ) Protein . Vacuolar and Apoplastic Localization in Leaf Tissue from Tomato Plants Infected with Citrus Exocortis Viroid ; in vitro Synthesis and Processing

Tomato 'pathogenesis-related' Pl(pl4) protein was synthesized in vitro, mRNAs were isolated from leaves showing characteristic symptoms of viroid infection, followed by chromatography on oligo(dT)-cellulose and the poly(A) + fraction was translated with a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. No significant differences were found between the levels of [3SS]methionine incorporation directed by mRNA preparations from healthy and viroid-infected leaves. Only mRNA from infected leaves incorporated label into a protein that could be immunoprecipitated with rabbit IgG specific for tomato P 1 (p 14) protein. Analysis by SDS-PAGE of the immunoprecipitated protein from the in vitro translation system revealed that P 1 (p 14) was translated as a precursor protein of 2K to 3K larger than the Pl(pl4) that accumulated in vivo. This protein was converted to the mature form when translation was carried out in the presence of canine pancreatic microsomal membranes. By using Protein A-gold immunocytochemistry we have detected Pl(pl4) concentrated in dense inclusion bodies within the vacuole as well as in association with electron-dense material present in the intracellular spaces. The presence of the additional polypeptide sequence in the newly synthesized protein indicates that Pl(pl4) undergoes post-translational processing. The additional sequence is probably the signal peptide that directs its transport through the endoplasmic reticulum into the vacuolar compartment of tomato leaf cells and/or the intercellular space.
Classiﬁcation of Poverty Levels Using k-Nearest Neighbor and Learning Vector Quantization Methods

Poverty is the inability of individuals to fulfill the minimum basic needs for a decent life. The problem of poverty is one of the fundamental problems that become the central attention of the local government. One of the government efforts to overcome poverty is using the alleviation programs. Government often faces some difficulties to sort out of the poverty levels in the society. Therefore it is necessary to conduct a study that helps the government to identify the poverty level so that the aid did not miss the targets. In order to tackle this problem, this paper leverages two classification methods: k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and learning vector quantization (LVQ). The purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of the value of both methods for classifying poverty levels. The data attributes that are used to characterize poverty among others include: aspects of housing, health, education, economics and income. From the testing results using both methods, the accuracy of k-NN is 93.52%, and the accuracy of LVQ is 75.93%. It can be concluded that the classification of poverty levels using k-NN method gives better performance than using LVQ method.
Il 17 A gene polymorphism , IL 17 and IgE in HCV

IL17A gene polymorphism, serum IL17 and Total IgE in Egyptian population with chronic HCV and hepatocellular carcinoma Background: Chronic infections with HCV (CHC) induce a chronic inflammation which can lead to liver fibrosis and subsequently cirrhosis. A recent study suggests a role of IL-17 polymorphism and serum IL17 in Hepatitis B related HCC. These data indicate that the IL-17 G-197A polymorphism may be a good indicator for susceptibility to cancer development. Aim: to investigate the role of the IL17A gene polymorphism, serum IL17 and total IgE in Egyptian population with chronic infections with HCV and HCC. Subjects and methods: This study was carried out on 40 patients with chronic HCV, 35 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 20 healthy persons as control. All subjects were submitted to History taking, clinical examination, Abdominal Ultrasound, Laboratory Tests including CBC, Liver function tests, Alpha fetoprotien, Determination of IL17gene polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP, IL17 by ELISA and IgE by immunonephelometric assay. Results: In reference to AA genotype, the frequencies of GG , GA+GG genotypes in the cases with HCC were significantly different from that of the controls (p=0.012, 0.011) and carry 6.12 ,4.9 respectively fold increase for HCC risk and that of chronic HCV without HCC (p= 0.005, 0.004) respectively. However, there was no significant difference in allele frequency in the studied groups (p=0.095). Cases with HCC significantly have higher levels of serum IL17 and IgE than both healthy control and chronic HCV. In conclusion, the present study showed the GG, GG+GA genotypes of IL17A gene is a risk factor for HCC development may be through increased IL17 and IgE and further studies with larger sample size and different populations are recommended.
The Research on Security Reinforcement of Android Applications

Along with the rapid progress and widely used of mobile application, security protection to software application has become an important issue. The lack of binary protections makes it important to implement packing services. By analyzing traditional features of software reinforcement technology, the paper describes the basic functions for security reinforcement, illustrates the principle of protection method and put forward corresponding preventive measures and technical solutions. New strategies including elliptic curve encryption and dynamic loading mechanism, agile reinforcement process as well as two-step self-modified obfuscation are proposed to satisfy the effectiveness and efficiency requirements for application reinforcement.
Investigating the role of refuges and drift on the resilience of macroinvertebrate communities to drying conditions: An experiment in artificial streams

Flow intermittence occurs in an increasing number of streams, due to climate change, local land‐use alteration and water abstraction. In particular, droughts represent a new element in Alpine river regimes, and their ecological consequences are poorly explored. We here used artificial streams to investigate the resilience of macroinvertebrates to drought in Alpine streams based on the presence of pools (i.e., refuges) and drift (i.e., recolonization). Three flumes were selected: 1 with permanent flowing water (Control), whereas the other 2 (Drift+Pools, Only Drift) were subjected to 2 consecutive drought‐rewetting phases. Moreover, to better monitor the recolonization pattern by drift, quantitative samples of drifting taxa were collected using an additional flume (Incoming Drift). The effects of droughts on benthic invertebrate communities and their recovery were assessed in terms of composition, structure, diversity, and stability. Droughts dramatically reduced the taxa richness, especially with regard to the most sensitive and specialized macroinvertebrates, such as Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa. Macroinvertebrate assemblages of the flumes that experienced drying phases were dominated by few generalist taxa and showed a higher degree of dissimilarity. Overall, no significant differences were observed in relation to the presence of pools, suggesting a limited role of this habitat in the recovery process. This finding suggests that in shallow and fast‐flowing Alpine lotic ecosystems the drift rather than pool availability represents the main driver of the macroinvertebrate resilience to droughts and provides insights into factors that can facilitate the recovery of aquatic communities after droughts.
Immunity Plasmacytoid DC Are Essential to Oral Tolerance

Anne Goubier,1,2,6 Bertrand Dubois,1,2,6 Hanane Gheit,1,2 Grégoire Joubert,1,2 Florence Villard-Truc,3 Carine Asselin-Paturel,4 Giorgio Trinchieri,4,5 and Dominique Kaiserlian1,2,* 1INSERM, U851, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, Lyon F-69007, France 2Université de Lyon, Lyon1, IFR128, BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Villeurbanne F-69622, France 3Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital E. Herriot, service de gastroenterologie pédiatrique, Lyon F69003, France 4Schering-Plough Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly F-69570, France 5National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702, USA 6These authors contributed equally to this work *Correspondence: kaiserlian@cervi-lyon.inserm. fr DOI 10.1016/j.immuni. 2008.06. 017
Prevention of CMV disease in pediatric kidney transplant recipients : Evaluation of pp 67 NASBA

A new prevention strategy for CMV infection was evaluated in our pediatric kidney transplant unit. This approach comprises a preemptive therapy, based upon the monitoring of CMV pp67 mRNA in whole blood by the qualitative NASBA, combined with prophylactic CMV-IG in high risk (R)/D+) children. Thirty-one kidney transplant children were followed for six months with serial measurements of CMV pp67 mRNA in the blood. The R)/D+ patients were given prophylactic CMV-IG for the first 16 wk after transplantation. I.v. ganciclovir was administered upon CMV detection by NASBA and was discontinued after two consecutive negative results. CMV infection, detected by NASBA, developed in 11 (35%) recipients: one (33%) of the R+/D) patients and 10 (72%) of the R)/D+ patients. CMV disease developed in 9.6% of the patients (3/31), exclusively in the R)/D+ group. These three patients presented concurrently with CMV viremia and disease. It is noteworthy that two of the three patients could not receive a complete course of CMV-IG, and one of the latter two subjects had been treated for acute rejection 15 days before CMV infection. Ganciclovir was given for the 11 cases of primary infection, and for three cases of relapsed CMV infection. pp67 NASBA-based pre-emptive ganciclovir therapy, combined with prophylactic CMV-IG in high-risk patients leads to a lower rate of CMV disease, as long as a complete course of CMV-IG has been administered and ganciclovir is given during the period of treatment for acute rejection in high-risk populations. Edith Renoult, Marie-Jos Clermont, V ronique Phan, Chantal Buteau, Carolina Alfieri and Bruce Tapiero Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, QC, Canada
Solar wind and magnetospheric ion impact on Mercury's surface

The impact of the solar wind protons on the surface of Mercury is studied by a global hybrid model. In the three‐dimensional self‐consistent quasi‐neutral hybrid (ions are particles, electrons are a fluid) model ions can hit the surface of the planet. The response of the impact to several solar wind conditions is studied by analyzing four upstream cases: pure northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), pure southward IMF, the Parker spiral IMF, and atypically high solar wind speed. Three different high impact regions on the surface can be identified: (1) “auroral” impact on the equatorward side of the open/closed field line boundary, (2) “cusp” impact on the dayside in the noon midnight meridian plane, and (3) “nose” impact around the subsolar point when the solar wind dynamic pressure is high. The particle flux also has North‐South and dawn‐dusk asymmetries.