Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN INTEGRATED PLATFORM FOR SUPPLY CHAIN TRANSPARENCY: A CASE IN THE COCOA INDUSTRY

Stakeholders in commodity supply chains demand more transparency regarding sustainability of production, work conditions, product quality, safety and compliance with laws and regulations. Supply chain transparency requires the collection and sharing of production information among several stakeholders, as well as some form of external monitoring and review to establish reliability. In this paper we explore the design of an integrated platform that would meet the information requirements of several stakeholders in commodity supply chains, both concerning content and reliability. Such a platform is made possible by (1) standardization, (2) use of continuous assurance techniques, and (3) innovative technologies for recording data. We discuss the requirements for such a platform and its feasibility, based on analysis of the production and trade of cocoa, specifically Ghana. Interviews with experts show that such an integrated platform for supply chain transparency is needed, and would be feasible. Author biographies 1 Maarten DEN UIJL, Msc. is senior consultant at Thauris Consultancy in The Hague, specializing in projects concerning process improvement and assurance. In collaboration with the Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Maarten has been responsible for implementing a continuous control monitoring platform in the Dutch meat processing industry. Previously, he worked in finance, auditing and international development (for 1.5 years he worked for an NGO in Honduras, supporting indigenous cocoa associations). 2 dr. Joris HULSTIJN is assistant professor at Delft University of Technology, where he coordinates the master's degree in Customs and Supply Chain Compliance: a two-year (part-time) course aimed at professionals who want to know more about customs law, supply chain management and information technology. Joris has published about agent architectures, artificial intelligence and law, continuous control monitoring and the adoption of XBRL for financial reporting. 3 Fred VAN IPENBURG, RA is financial auditor at the Tax Administration of the Netherlands. Fred is an innovator, specializing in public-private partnerships. In particular, he works on the co-creation of standards with software developers and ICT providers. His influence has been instrumental in the EU-funded research projects about customs innovation ITAIDE and CASSANDRA.
A carbon-nanotube-based nanorelay

We investigate the operational characteristics of a nanorelay based on a conducting carbon nanotube placed on a terrace in a silicon substrate. The nanorelay is a three-terminal device that acts as a switch in the gigahertz regime. Potential applications include logic devices, memory elements, pulse generators, and current or voltage amplifiers.
Language skill development in children with cochlear implants and the impact of age at switch-on

ABSTRACT Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children with cochlear implants (CwCIs) constitute a heterogeneous population. A multitude of factors influence their spoken language development. There is evidence that CwCIs follow similar trajectories in language development as typically developing (TD) children but there is a lack of research on specific types of skills. This study aimed to (1) map the trajectory of receptive and expressive language skill development of a representative group of CwCIs and (2) evaluate the impact of age at switch-on (ASO) on skill development. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the language outcomes of 44 CwCIs with ASO between 11 and 45 months (M = 26.02 SD = 8.31). These children were tracked for the first two years following implantation. Clustered bar charts were used to compare specific types of skills acquired by CwCIs with ASO ≤2 years versus >2 years. The results suggest that CwCIs generally acquire receptive and expressive language skills along a similar sequence to TD children, but there is individual variability relating to specific skills. However, the language outcomes of CwCIs are ultimately the result of a complex interplay of demographic variables.
Dent Resistance for Automobile Body Panels

Dent resistance of automobile body panels is an important property for automobile design and manufacture, but the study on this aspect is not still profound. This study is to summarize the testing methods and physical significations of static and dynamic dent resistance of automobile body panels combined with the author’s study, and to analyze the dent behaviors in the round. Several influence factors on dent resistance are expatiated including the mechanical properties of materials, stress states after forming, bake hardening ability, modulus, methods of testing, and structure of specimens and so on. The automotive lightweight and application of high strength steel sheets and aluminum alloys sheets are analyzed, and the significance of testing of dent resistance, especially for dynamic dent resistance of auto-panels, and the finite element simulation analysis are emphasized. To explain the physical phenomenon of dent behaviors, the latest and concerned study results are also discussed. According to this study, a dent resistance test and evaluation standard of Society of Automotive Engineers of China for automotive body panel is presented and is being carried out, and an industry conference is hold to discuss the working-out of the standard, a primary schedule of this standard is confirmed now. The study can guide the further testing and study of dent resistant of auto-panels.
Modelling NDE pulse-echo inspection of misorientated planar rough defects using an elastic finite element method

Pulse-echo ultrasonic NDE examination of large pressure vessel forgings is a design and construction code requirement in the power generation industry. Such inspections aim to size and characterise potential defects that may have formed during the forging process. Typically these defects have a range of orientations and surface roughnesses which can greatly affect ultrasonic wave scattering behaviour. Ultrasonic modelling techniques can provide insight into defect response and therefore aid in characterisation. However, analytical approaches to solving these scattering problems can become inaccurate, especially when applied to increasingly complex defect geometries. To overcome these limitations a elastic Finite Element (FE) method has been developed to simulate pulse-echo inspections of embedded planar defects. The FE model comprises a significantly reduced spatial domain allowing for a Monte-Carlo based approach to consider multiple realisations of defect orientation and surface roughness. The results c.
All-optical TDM to WDM conversion in a semiconductor optical amplifier

The authors report the first demonstration of all-optical time division multiplexing (TDM) to wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) conversion based on four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifier. A 700 Mbit/s TDM bit stream at one wavelength has been converted to two 350 Mbit/s WDM bit streams at two wavelengths spaced by 4 nm. Observed bit error rates are less than 10/sup -9/. >
Visualizing Spatiotemporal Epidemic Clusters on a Map-based Dashboard: A case study of early COVID-19 cases in Singapore

Abstract. Spatiotemporal distribution of the epidemic data plays an important role in its understanding and prediction. In order to understand the transmission patterns of infectious diseases in a more intuitive way, many works applied various visualizations to show the epidemic datasets. However, most of them focus on visualizing the epidemic information at the overall level such as the confirmed counts each country, while spending less effort on powering user to effectively understand and reason the very large and complex epidemic datasets through flexible interactions. In this paper, the authors proposed a novel map-based dashboard for visualizing and analyzing spatiotemporal clustering patterns and transmission chains of epidemic data. We used 102 confirmed cases officially reported by the Ministry of Health in Singapore as the test dataset. This experiment shown that the well-designed and interactive map-based dashboard is effective in shorten the time that users required to mine the spatiotemporal characteristics and transmission chains behind the textual and numerical epidemic data.
Empirical study for counting same shaped building material quantity using UAV and deep learning

요 약 최근에 카메라를 사용하여 물체를 인식하고 수량을 측정하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만 건축 자 재와 같이 인접한 동일 물체의 경우, 인식과 측정이 어려우며, 이와 관련된 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 딥러닝과 드론을 사용하는 방법을 통하여 자재 더미의 윗면과 측면의 촬영, 드론 로그를 사용하한 드론 높이와 Yaw값 획득, 영상 내 자재 종류와 영역 정보 등 미리 학습된 딥러닝 모델을 사용한 획득방법, 드론 촬영 시의 Yaw값 차이를 이용해 윗면과 측면이 공통으로 가지는 직선 검색, 자재 더미의 가로, 세로, 높이의 비율 등을 통한 각 화소 비율과 자재 개 수의 영역별 가상의 체적값 분석, 드론의 화각, 높이를 사용한 체적 사진측량값 획득, 가상 체적과 사 진측량법 사이의 오차 최소화 비율 등을 연구하였다.
Real-time control of optical tweezers

Optically trapped microshperes can be manipulated by steering the trap beam, while the object position is measured with sub-nanometer resolution. A fast steering system is required to create feedback loop for measurements at a constant force or to increase position detection precision by trap stiffening. Using a real-time re-programmable digital signal processor, we combine steering and position detection to create a fast and versatile closed-loop feedback controlled instrument. We describe the construction and calibration of the instrument. We show that a proportional gain position-clamp algorithm can achieve about 10-fold increase in effective trap stiffness while higher gains lead to unwanted resonances.
Chemical Engineering Curriculum Renewal

Based on results of our own research and stakeholder surveys, the School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at The University of Sydney has identified a number of imperatives for curriculum change, and has used this stimulus to embark on the task of curriculum renewal. First, the desired graduate attributes were determined, followed by the design of mechanisms needed to integrate these within the curriculum. The curriculum was designed to incorporate an integrated framework for teaching all core concepts, enabling technologies and engineering practice paradigms. The new curriculum was introduced in stages, commencing in 2004. Each unit of study comprises several modules, most supported by problem-based learning. Integration within, and between semesters is vitally important, and is enhanced by team teaching, which has also helped to provide a sense of peer-support. Assessment against sets of competencies rather than differentiated grading was introduced for core technical courses. Students progress between years of study with a greater understanding of the inter-relationship between the analytical, synthesis and practice components of the curriculum. There are a few issues to resolve, but several positive features have emerged so far. The positive reviews of the new curriculum by the Accreditation Panels of both Engineers Australia and the Institution of Chemical Engineers, as well as comments from student representatives, have been significant confirmations of our approach.
Research and Application of Solid-Solid Phase Change as Energy Storage Materials

Latent heat storage is one of the most efficient ways of storing thermal energy. Compared with other kinds of PCMs, solid-solid PCMs have obvious advantages and have drawn more attention from the public. This paper reviews previous work on solid-solid PCMs. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the preparation of three kinds of solid-solid PCMs were discussed. The problems associated with the application of PCMs with regards to the material and the methods used to contain them are also discussed. It is clear that solid-solid PCMs are promising, but possess the disadvantages as long phase transition time, low thermal conductivity, complexity and high cost. Therefore, there still much to do for solid-solid PCMs towards practical application in the future.
A Simple Guide to Inter-rater, Intra-rater and Test-retest Reliability for Animal Behaviour Studies

This paper outlines the main points to consider when conducting a reliability study in the field of animal behaviour research and describes the relative uses and importance of the different types of reliability assessment: inter-rater, intra-rater and test-retest. Whilst there are no absolute methods under which reliability studies should be analysed or judged, this guide highlights the most common methods for reliability analysis along with recommendations and caveats for how the results should be chosen and interpreted. It is hoped that this guide will serve to improve the quality of, and reporting of, reliability studies in animal behaviour research through aiding both the researchers themselves, and reviewers of their manuscripts.
Analysis of multicarrier PWM methods for a single-phase five level inverter

This paper investigates and analyses different multicarrier PWM methods for a single phase five level cascaded inverter. Carrier disposition methods, phase shifted and a hybrid method are discussed with respect to resulting switching frequencies, complexity of implementation, spectrum of the output waveform, and the use of inverter state redundancies to perform additional application specific control tasks, such as power flow control from each DC source. A concept of separating the waveshaping function from the switch selection is explored and selected experimental results are presented.
Long term stability of Hg/sup +/ trapped ion frequency standards

The standards report the development of a second /sup 199/Hg/sup +/ linear ion trap (LIT) based frequency standard to provide a capability for measuring stability beyond all existing frequency standards. Increased signal using a second light collection system together with a previously demonstrated atomic line Q /spl ap/ 2 /spl times/ 10/sup 12/ yields a performance better than /spl sigma//sub y/ (/spl tau/ = 7 /spl times/ 10/sup -14///spl tau//sup 1/2/). Sensitivity to the leading perturbations are measured to identify regulation requirements to obtain a stability of 10/sup -16/. <<ETX>>
Role of glycine-N-methyl transferase in human and murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most prominent forms of chronic liver disease worldwide, mirroring the obesity epidemic. NAFLD is the number one cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, with 25% of these patients developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This significantly increases the risk of cirrhosis and decompensated liver failure. Past studies in rodent models have shown that the knockout of glycine-N-methyltransferase (GNMT) is associated with steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the attenuation of GNMT in subjects with NASH and the molecular basis for its impact on the disease process have yet to be elucidated. To address this knowledge gap, we show the reduction of GNMT protein levels in the liver of NASH subjects compared to healthy controls. To gain insight into the impact of decreased GNMT in the disease process, we performed global label-free proteome studies on the livers from a murine Western diet-based model of NASH. We identified the differential expression of essential proteins involved in hallmark NASH pathogenesis, including lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. Significantly, the downregulation of GNMT, the prominent regulator of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), was identified as a contributing factor to these networks, increasing fourfold in AdoMet levels. AdoMet is an essential metabolite for transmethylation reactions and a substrate for polyamine synthesis, and its levels can impact polyamine flux and generate oxidative stress. Therefore, we performed targeted proteome and metabolomics studies to show a decrease in GNMT transmethylation, an increase in flux through the polyamine pathway, and increased oxidative stress.
Film Cooling Slots: The Importance of Lip Thickness and Injection Angle

Measurements of adiabatic-wall effectiveness in a two-dimensional, constant-property flow are reported for a slot of fixed height but with two different slot-lip thicknesses. The results confirm the trends exhibited by earlier measurements of the impervious-wall effectiveness which showed that the ratio of slot-lip thickness to slot height, t/yc, is an important parameter in determining the effectiveness of film cooling. The effectiveness is shown to decrease significantly as t/yc is increased beyond a value of 0·25; for lower values, the influence is dependent upon the ratio of slot to free-stream velocities.The influence of the injection angle has also been investigated and measurements of the adiabatic-wall effectiveness are reported for angles of 30, 60 and 90 to the direction of the free-stream. These measurements agree qualitatively with the measurements of Papell but show quantitative differences.
MULTIDISCPLINARY CONTROL EXPERIMENTS BASED ON THE PROPORTIONAL-INTEGRAL-DERIVATIVE (PID) CONCEPT

The hallmark of the newly configured Rowan College of Engineering undergraduate program is multidisciplinary education with a laboratory emphasis. The development of a new multidisciplinary control laboratory upholds our hallmark very well. We attempt to address the demand of industry for acquiring control engineers (1) with a broad set of skills and a comprehension of the diverse practical applications of control and (2) who can move across rather artificial program boundaries with great ease. Multidisciplinary experiments that integrate hands-on experience and software simulation are investigated. The experiments expose the students to Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) control using a DC motor, engine speed control apparatus and feedback process control. This enables electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering students to learn the fundamental theory and physical implementation of various types of control systems.
The impact of readability on trust in information

The increased prevalence of “fake news" in recent years makes it important for us to better understand how we decide which information to trust and accept as true. Existing research has identified the important roles of factors such as trust in the source of the information and reading ability. We report on the results of a study on how the style of writing, and specifically the difficulty level of the text providing the information, affects our trust in the information provided. Participants trusted the information more in texts that were more difficult to read, regardless of whether the information presented was correct or incorrect. Regardless of readability, participants trusted paragraphs providing truthful information more than those providing false information. This result has important implications for information on social media platforms, where the source may or may not be readily available and is often not an expert on the topic.
Spatial and temporal patterns of soil salinization in shallow groundwater environments of the Bahía Blanca estuary: Influence of topography and land use

Soil salinization is considered an environmental threat as high salt content hinders plant growth. Soil salinity is usually associated with climate aridity at a regional scale, while topography, subsurface hydrology, and land use combine with climate to produce salinization patterns at landscape scale. In this study, the first such assessment for the study area, we investigated the relationship between climate, groundwater level (GWL) changes, and soil salinity. For comparison, two adjacent vegetation units used as marginal grazing lands were selected: thickets of Allenrolfea patagonica (Ap thicket), located at the base of a scarp, and bushes of Cyclolepis genistoides (Cg bush), located away from the topographic discontinuity. Electrical conductivity (ECrs) maps derived from LANDSAT‐8/OLI were used to analyze salinity patterns. The results showed that GWL rose in coincidence with precipitation events and fell during dryer and warmer periods. GWL was always closer to the surface in the Ap thicket, and level changes were more likely to occur there. ECrs showed a seasonal pattern with significantly higher (p < 0.05) values in the Ap thicket during summer. Within the Cg bush, relatively higher ECrs appeared around a permanent water trough. Within this zone, ECrs values during summer were significantly higher (p < 0.05). Coupled evaluation of GWL dynamics and soil salinization patterns showed that GWL changes interact with land use practices to produce local‐scale patterns of salinization. Topography played an important role in controlling soil surface properties through its influence on groundwater dynamics and small topographic changes produced largely different conditions for vegetation growth.
Morphometric characterization of Nigerian indigenous sheep using multifactorial discriminant analysis

Adequate knowledge of diversities within and between animal populations will not only help in reducing misidentification in animal husbandry but also aid conservation of many important endangered alleles. A total number of 1195 animals comprising 380 Yankasa sheep, 414 Uda sheep, 224 Balami sheep and 177 West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep were sampled from Osun and Oyo states, South Western Nigeria. Yankasa and WAD were sampled from traditionally managed flock while Balami and Uda sheep were obtained from markets in these states. Seventeen (17) morphometric characters were measured to study their phenotypic variations. The characters measured include rump width (RW), rump length (RL), tail length (TL), wither height (WH), heart girth (HG), paunch girth (PG), rump height (RH), ear length (EL), foreleg length (FLL), rear-leg length (RLL), body length (BL), shoulder width (SW), neck circumference (NC), head length (HeL), head width (HW), horn length (HL) and hock length (HoL). Stepwise multifactorial discriminant analysis was explored to check traits that best differentiate the Nigerian sheep. Length of tail was the most discriminating character among the eight distinguishing traits found. Longest genetic distance was found between WAD and Uda sheep while the closest breeds were Balami and Uda, as indicated by the Euclidian distance. The large Euclidian distance obtained for genetic gap between Uda and WAD sheep gives prospect for improvement if they are crossbred. Since Uda and WAD have been reared successfully in the arid Northern region and trypano-endemic region of Southern humid Nigeria, respectively, crossing WAD with Uda will produce a relatively large, heat tolerant and trypanotolerant hybrid.
Influence Factors of Networked Control System Performance and Simulation

Networked Control System (NCS) has been drawn much attention in control field, and the performance of integrating control with network is particularly considered. The co-design of control and network performances of NCSs simultaneously possesses the theoretical and practical significance. In the paper, the main four NCS factors, i.e., network-induced delay, scheduling, sampling period, and packet loss rate, are investigated from the perspective of theoretical analysis and simulation. The simulations, based on the Truetime toolbox, show the effect of each factor on the NCS performance, which could provide a critical research basis for the further research in the co-design of NCS control and scheduling.