Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pipeline Stability: State of the Art

Ensuring subsea pipeline stability on the seabed is one of the fundamental aspects of pipeline design. A comprehensive on-bottom stability design will include a detailed assessment of the hydrodynamic loads acting on the pipeline, the pipe-soil interaction, the structural response and a careful consideration of the acceptance criteria. Pipeline stabilisation is a major cost driver in some locations around the world, where the designer is faced with extreme design challenges including severe metocean conditions, shallow waters, large diameter lines, and uncertain or difficult geotechnical conditions. These may all contribute to complex stabilisation solutions resulting in costly construction techniques. The current knowledge and engineering practice applied in pipeline stability design is mostly based on the work performed during the 80s by the Pipeline Stability Design Project (PIPESTAB) and on the research conducted by the American Gas Association (AGA) in another Joint Industry project (JIP). At the time, these studies were aimed at gaining an understanding of the physics governing pipeline stability, in particular hydrodynamic loads on pipelines and soil resistance. These two aspects were investigated independently from each other. Understanding pipeline stability has evolved over the last decade due to the application of this knowledge, findings from further research work, the introduction and requirements of new pipeline codes, and advances in the understanding of pipe-soil interaction. Recently gained understanding has raised the question whether alternatives to the present design approaches and acceptance criteria, as specified in the design codes, could be developed. The areas of debate include the approach used for addressing pipe soil interaction, the hydrodynamic coefficients to be applied, the design kinematics to be considered, the design methodologies, the acceptance criteria, and compliance with design codes limit states. This paper presents an overview of the current available knowledge for addressing pipeline stability. The aim is to briefly summarise the key aspects of the pipeline stability design process and to include some historical perspective. The paper discusses the advantage and shortfalls of the different approaches with a view to consolidate understanding, rather than to provide a ready-made solution to a complex design problem.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Warm mid-Pliocene conditions without high climate sensitivity: the CCSM4-Utrecht (CESM 1.0.5) contribution to the PlioMIP2

Abstract. We present the Utrecht contribution to the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2), using the Community Earth System Model version 1.0. 5 (CCSM4-Utr). Using a standard pre-industrial configuration and the enhanced PlioMIP2 set of boundary conditions, we perform a set of simulations at various levels of atmospheric pCO2 (280, 400, and 560 ppm). This allows us to make an assessment of the mid-Pliocene reference (Eoi400) climate versus available proxy records and a pre-industrial control (E280), as well as determine the sensitivity to different external forcing mechanisms. We find that our simulated Pliocene climate is considerably warmer than the pre-industrial reference, even under the same levels of atmospheric pCO2. Compared to the E280 case, our simulated Eoi400 climate is on average almost 5 ∘C warmer at the surface. Our Eoi400 case is among the warmest within the PlioMIP2 ensemble and only comparable to the results of models with a much higher climate sensitivity (i.e. CESM2, EC-Earth3.3, and HadGEM3). This is accompanied by a considerable polar amplification factor, increased globally averaged precipitation, and greatly reduced sea ice cover with respect to the pre-industrial reference. In addition to radiative feedbacks (mainly surface albedo, CO2, and water vapour), a major contribution to the enhanced Pliocene warmth in these simulations is the warm model initialisation followed by a long spin-up, as opposed to starting from pre-industrial or present-day conditions. Added warmth in the deep ocean is partly the result of using an altered vertical mixing parameterisation in the Pliocene simulations, but this has a negligible effect at the surface. We find a stronger and deeper Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) in the Eoi400 case, but the associated meridional heat transport is mostly unaffected. In addition to the mean state, we find significant shifts in the behaviour of the dominant modes of variability at annual to decadal timescales. The Eoi400 El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) amplitude is greatly reduced (−68 %) versus the E280 one, while the AMOC becomes more variable. There is also a strong coupling between AMOC strength and North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the Eoi400, while North Pacific SST anomalies seem to have a reduced global influence with respect to the E280 through the weakened ENSO.
Neuro-anesthetic Management of Craniotomy-surgery in Removal Tumor Multiple Meningioma Patients: A Case Report

AIM: The aim of following paper is to present the case anesthesia management of neuro-surgery in removal tumor multiple meningioma patients. METHODS: The method of this study was a case report. It was reported that a patient aged 50 years complained of spasms of full body spasms since 10 minutes before admission to the hospital. Complaints were accompanied by eyes glaring upward, seizure duration 20 minutes, after convulsions of unconscious patients, patients with previous tumor history, 3 years ago, patients with postoperative meningioma tumor removal. Patient diagnosed with multiple meningioma who planned to undergo craniotomy surgery to remove the tumor. MAIN FINDING: ASA 3 physical status with neurologic deficits. The patient is performed under general anesthesia with intubation. Induction performed by fentanyl, propofol and rocuronium. The operation lasted 3 hours. Postoperatively, the patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for 2 days before moving into the room. Anesthetic treatment and regulation of physiological factors have a major impact on brain tissue. The anesthetist must have knowledge of the effects of drugs and other manipulations in order to achieve good surgical results. RESULT: Anesthetic management for meningioma cases has several special matters that are important to carry out. The brain tissue is covered by the cranium bone. Because of the continuous relationship of blood flow and brain tissue volume, the risk of bleeding and edema is very high. Without a proper anesthetic approach, it can increase the risk of edema and cerebral hemorrhage due to surgical manipulation.
Teaching Machines to Read and Comprehend Tibetan Text

Teaching machine to comprehend a passage and answer corresponding questions, the machine reading comprehension (MRC) has attracted much attention in current years. However, most models are designed to finish English or Chinese MRC task, Considering lack of MRC dataset, the low-resource languages MRC tasks, such as Tibetan, it is hard to get high performance. To solve this problem, this paper constructs a span-style Tibetan MRC dataset named TibetanQA and proposes a hierarchical attention network model for Tibetan MRC task which includes word-level attention and re-read attention. And the experiments prove the effectiveness of our model.
A Leading Role of Stem Cells in Breast Malignant Cells

A momentous evolution has been made in describing cellular hierarchy and the stem cell (SC) niche in the human mammary gland. Mammary stem and progenitor cells exist in two different states: Epithelial and mesenchymal. Several features of the mammary SCs predispose them to play a critical role in breast cancer (BC) initiation, progression, and metastasis. Signaling pathways contributing to the self-renewal, such as Wnt, Notch, Hh, and bone morphogenetic protein, have been shown to be linked with BCSCs. Furthermore, biomarkers connected with stemness, such as CD44, CD24, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, and ALDH1, have been identified and used to characterize these cells. In addition, many different miRNA families and micro environmental factors were shown to regulate a lot of cancer SCs (CSC) properties and maintain their stemness. All these findings have started a new era of BC research. In the present BC, SCs have become the targets of BC therapy, although the tests are mainly on the basic stage level. Since the CSCs are able to escape chemotherapy and are resistant to drugs, radiotherapy and apoptotic processes, the therapeutic targeting is mostly concentrated on the disruption of survival signaling pathways and the use of modern technology, like nanotechnology.
Gust Load Alleviation for a Regional Aircraft Through a Static Output Feedback

The paper presents the design of a symmetric, active, gust load alleviation system for a regional transport aircraft, based on a static output feedback with a constrained structure. The design is carried out on a comprehensive finite state aeroservoelastic model, including sensor units and actuator transfer functions, and verified by taking into account saturated control positions, rates, and hinge moments. The controller is designed within a quadratic optimal framework, through a second-order Hessian-based optimization algorithm, exploiting block diagonal Schur transformations of the closed-loop state equations and performance weightings. An accurately chosen worst discrete gust and a reference flight condition provide a baseline design, which is significantly effective in alleviating continuous turbulence loads. Such a reference design proves itself robust enough to alleviate atmospheric loads over the complete flight envelope and is eventually further improved and robustified through a simple bilinear .
Research on compressive imaging technology based on image blocking

Although infrared focal plane imaging technology has been widely used in target detection and orientation, reducing pixel-pitch or increasing the number of infrared sensor array pixels was unable to meet the practical requirement for the restriction of infrared sensor’s processing technology. This paper proposes a approach that apply multi-element detector array in CS imaging system. The coded measurement technology which uses optical mask and realizes compressed sampling of target scene is described in this paper, on the basis of summarizing CS theory and algorithm. Considering the fact that the reconstruction process of large size image lasts a long time, this paper also presents a high quality image partition CS method, which requires less computing time. The simulation results point the best choice for image partition which requires the least computing time. The validity of this method also been testified using Lena gray image. Finally, according to the inconformity of recovered image via TVQC and TVEQ in pixel lever induced by image stitching, this paper presents a method to decrease the gray differences between recovered imag e blocks. Such method can effectively improve the PSNR value of recovered image, which provides a effective reference in high-resolution infrared CS imaging.
Intelligent fashion styling using genetic search and neural classification

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an intelligent system for fashion style selection for non-standard female body shapes. Design/methodology/approach – With the goal of creating natural aesthetic relationship between the body shape and the shape of clothing, garments designed for the upper and lower body are combined to fit different female body shapes, which are classified as V, A, H and O-shapes. The proposed intelligent system combines genetic algorithm (GA) with a neural network classifier, which is trained using the particle swarm optimization (PSO). The former, called genetic search, is used to find the optimal design parameters corresponding to a best fit for the desired target, while the task of the latter, called neural classification, is to evaluate fitness (goodness) of each evolved new fashion style. Findings – The experimental results are fashion styling recommendations for the four female body shapes, drawn from 260 possible combinations, based on variations from 15 attributes.
Applications of frequency modulation interference cancellers to multiaccess communications systems

Cancellation of interfering frequency-modulated (FM) signals is investigated with emphasis towards applications on the cellular telephone channel as an important example of a multiple access communications system. In order to fairly evaluate analog FM multiaccess systems with respect to more complex digital multiaccess systems, a serious attempt to mitigate interference in the FM systems must be made. Information-theoretic results in the field of interference channels are shown to motivate the estimation and subtraction of undesired interfering signals. This thesis briefly examines the relative optimality of the current FM techniques in known interference channels, before pursuing the estimation and subtracting of interfering FM signals. The capture-effect phenomenon of FM reception is exploited to produce simple interference-cancelling receivers with a cross-coupled topology. The use of phase-locked loop receivers cross-coupled with amplitude-tracking loops to estimate the FM signals is explored. The theory and function of these cross-coupled phase-locked loop (CCPLL) interference cancellers are examined. New interference cancellers inspired by optimal estimation and the CCPLL topology are developed, resulting in simpler receivers than those in prior art. Signal acquisition and capture effects in these complex dynamical systems are explained using the relationship of the dynamical systems to adaptive noise cancellers. FM interference-cancelling receivers are considered for increasing the frequency reuse in a cellular telephone system. Interference mitigation in the cellular environment is seen to require tracking of the desired signal during time intervals when it is not the strongest signal present. Use of interference cancelling in conjunction with dynamic frequency-allocation algorithms is viewed as a way of improving spectrum efficiency. Performance of interference cancellers indicates possibilities for greatly increased frequency reuse. The economics of receiver improvements in the cellular system is considered, including both the mobile subscriber equipment and the provider's tower (base station) equipment. The thesis is divided into four major parts and a summary: the introduction, motivations for the use of interference cancellation, examination of the CCPLL interference canceller, and applications to the cellular channel. The parts are dependent on each other and are meant to be read as a whole.
Microwave sensors for the non-invasive monitoring of industrial and medical applications

Purpose – This paper aims to discuss the general principles behind the microwave sensing and demonstrates the potential of cavity microwave resonator device in real-time monitoring for: environmental monitoring with the focus on wastewater pollution, a system for oil/gas/water content evaluation in a dynamic pipeline, a system for real-time determination of bacteria concentration and a method for non-invasive glucose determination. Design/methodology/approach – Microwave sensing is a rapidly developing technology which has been successfully used for various industrial applications including water level measurements, material moisture content, in construction industry for non-invasive evaluation of structures and even in the healthcare industry for non-invasive real-time monitoring of glucose in diabetic patients. Novel microwave cavities designed and tested for specific applications are presented. Findings – The paper provides experimental results of testing the novel microwave sensing systems in a range .
Unfalsifying Dominant Pole Locations Using a Fading Memory Cost Function

Abstract Given a feedback control system with an unknown plant, the problem of choosing a stabilizing controller is considered. In regard to the study of Unfalsified Adaptive Control, we consider a finite-dimensional LTI system as a special case of the standard adaptive configuration. Sufficient conditions on the fading memory constants in a fading memory cost function are derived for the determination of the locations of the dominant poles in the complex plane.
Using integrated fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy C: means algorithm for supplier evaluation and selection

Decision-making techniques are used to help evaluate the current suppliers’ aim at classifying performance of individual suppliers against desired levels of performance, so as to design suitable plans to increase the performance and capabilities of suppliers. In this study, an integrated model is introduced and proposed for increasing the supplier selection and evaluation quality. The methodology is composed of two steps. The first stage is fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method in which the interactions between the evaluation criteria and the criteria weight have been computed. At the second stage, performances of suppliers are assessed using both the criteria weights obtained at the first stage and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm by classifying the vendors according to their performances. Obtained results show that the proposed model is very well suited as a decision-making tool for supplier selection decisions.
A methodology for design and reconfiguration of reconfigurable bending press machines (RBPMs)

Customer requirements have become very dynamic and unprecedented. A manufacturing paradigm called reconfigurable manufacturing system was initiated to adjust the physical machine entities. The main enabler of a machine structure’s reconfigurability is a modular design approach. The paper explains a function-driven object-oriented methodology for the design and reconfiguration of RBPMs. The complete method aims to optimise initial design of RBPMs, followed by subsequent design of RPBM modules which are stored in a module library so as to enable full-automatic reconfiguration of the RBPMs. The methodology is implemented on a pilot project to design a 145 ton bending capacity RBPM, with a maximum reconfigured length of 5 m and total height of 3 m. In order to deduce the design for the reconfigurable bending press machine, the reconfigurability needs were identified first, followed by the construction of a function tree for the machine. The function tree identifies the primary function for the RBPM, which is to bend sheet metal. The primary function is further decomposed to lower level functions until terminal functions are arrived at. The terminal functions are then used to identify the modules for the machine. The modules implement specific brunches of the machine functions.
Women’s involvement in intra-household decision making on agricultural production: what factors matter? Envolvimento das mulheres nas decisões dentro do domicílio na produção agrícola: quais fatores importam?

: To understand intra-household decision making, the study considers participation in decision making on rice farming by an individual. It employed data obtained from a face-face questionnaire interview from farming households. e data were collected between July and September, 2019 cropping season. e questionnaire contained data on socio-economic/ demographic and decision making on rice production; sales and ﬁnance within the households. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used in the selection of respondents from the study area. e data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test and Tobit regression model. Empirical results revealed that female farmers are disadvantaged in the access to economic resources. ere is a statistically signiﬁcant diﬀerence in decision making among female and male farmers. It was found out that male farmers solely make most decisions on rice production and revenue while the female farmers tend to have more control on marketing of produce. Age of the farmer, non-farm activity participation, land ownership and access to credit signiﬁcantly increased female farmers’ decision making power. Access to economic resources especially credit facilities, land and information were the major constraints female farmers face in developing their capabilities as farmers. e study suggests that market intervention will advance women’s position and performance in agricultural sector. Closing the gender gap in decision making will enhance the creation of conducive economic environment in the Nigerian rice sector.
A novel PWM scheme to eliminate common-mode voltage in three-level voltage source inverter

This paper proposes a simple PWM scheme which alleviates the common mode voltage problems of the three level inverter applications. The new scheme uses only seven voltage vectors. In addition, this method avoids the occurrence of narrow PWM pulses and gives the advantage of less complex control circuitry. Moreover the new PWM scheme shows a great potential of reducing common-mode current and bearing current problem.
Zero-voltage-switching/zero-current-switching soft-switching dual-resonant converter

A soft-switching converter with dual resonant structures is presented in this article. The dual resonant tanks are composed of the leakage inductors and resonant capacitors to achieve a zero-current-switching (ZCS) turn-off mechanism for diodes on the secondary side of the transformer. Moreover, the voltage stresses of power switches are clamped by the active clamp circuit on the primary side of the transformer. The active clamp circuit has not only absorbed the energy stored in the leakage inductor but also creates a zero-voltage-switching turn-on feature for power switches. Hence, the reverse-recovery problem can be eliminated. The operational principles, design considerations and realisation are discussed. Finally, the experimental results from a 400 W prototype are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
Detection of ageing in the reliability analysis of thermal generators

The importance of aging in the reliability analysis of repairable systems is pointed out. A methodology for the detection of ageing is presented. This methodology is based on H.B. Mann's (1945) nonparametric statistical tests for detection of trend. The technique is illustrated by application to ten thermal units on the Brazilian electric network. >
Deep Multi-Segmentation Approach for the Joint Classification and Segmentation of the Retinal Arterial and Venous Trees in Color Fundus Images

The analysis of the retinal vasculature represents a crucial stage in the diagnosis of several diseases. An exhaustive analysis involves segmenting the retinal vessels and classifying them into veins and arteries. In this work, we present an accurate approach, based on deep neural networks, for the joint segmentation and classification of the retinal veins and arteries from color fundus images. The presented approach decomposes this joint task into three related subtasks: the segmentation of arteries, veins and the whole vascular tree. The experiments performed show that our method achieves competitive results in the discrimination of arteries and veins, while clearly enhancing the segmentation of the different structures. Moreover, unlike other approaches, our method allows for the straightforward detection of vessel crossings, and preserves the continuity of the arterial and venous vascular trees at these locations.