Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Resolution Spectral Sleep Analysis Reveals a Novel Association Between Slow Oscillations and Memory Retention in Elderly Adults

Objective: In recognition of the mixed associations between traditionally scored slow wave sleep and memory, we sought to explore the relationships between slow wave sleep, electroencephalographic (EEG) power spectra during sleep and overnight verbal memory retention in older adults. Design, Setting, Participants, and Measurements: Participants were 101 adults without dementia (52% female, mean age 70.3 years). Delayed verbal memory was first tested in the evening prior to overnight polysomnography (PSG). The following morning, subjects were asked to recall as many items as possible from the same List (overnight memory retention; OMR). Partial correlation analyses examined the associations of delayed verbal memory and OMR with slow wave sleep (SWS) and two physiologic EEG slow wave activity (SWA) power spectral bands (0.5–1 Hz slow oscillations vs. 1–4 Hz delta activity). Results: In subjects displaying SWS, SWS was associated with enhanced delayed verbal memory, but not with OMR. Interestingly, among participants that did not show SWS, OMR was significantly associated with a higher slow oscillation relative power, during NREM sleep in the first ultradian cycle, with medium effect size. Conclusions: These findings suggest a complex relationship between SWS and memory and illustrate that even in the absence of scorable SWS, older adults demonstrate substantial slow wave activity. Further, these slow oscillations (0.5–1 Hz), in the first ultradian cycle, are positively associated with OMR, but only in those without SWS. Our findings raise the possibility that precise features of slow wave activity play key roles in maintaining memory function in healthy aging. Further, our results underscore that conventional methods of sleep evaluation may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect associations between SWA and memory in older adults.
Novel Subgroups in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Their Association With Outcomes—A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression

Background and Purpose: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has long been classified into two main forms, aneurysmal SAH (aSAH) and non-aneurysmal SAH (naSAH), but the related risk factors for aSAH and naSAH are heterogeneous. Our objective was to determine the risk factors for SAH of known or unknown origin with respect to diagnostic evaluation in a large patient cohort. We sought to determine whether our classification system can further predict middle long-term stroke and death. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify risk factors for each SAH subtype. The discovery phase analyzed 11 risk factors from case studies in the literature. Kruskal-Wallis, Cox regression, logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to compare the two groups. Results: A total of 14,904 (34.53%) male and 22,801 (52.84%) female patients were eligible for this study. At a median follow-up of 45.6 months, the 5-years overall survival was 97.768% (95% CI: 0.259–0.292) for aSAH patients and 87.904% (95% CI: 1.459–1.643) for naSAH patients. The 10-years survival rate was 93.870% (95% CI: 2.075–3.086) and 78.115% (95% CI: 2.810–3.156), respectively. Multi-risk factor subgroups showed significant intergroup differences. We identified eight risk factors (drugs, trauma, neoplastic, vessels lesion, inflammatory lesion, blood disease, aneurysm, peri-mesencephalic hemorrhage) using logistic regression, which were optimally differentiated among the aSAH [aSAH-S (AUC: 1), a-d-SAH (AUC: 0.9998), aSAH-T (AUC: 0.9199), aSAH-N (AUC: 0.9433), aSAH-V (AUC: 1), aSAH-I (AUC: 0.9954), a-bd-SAH (AUC: 0.9955)] and naSAH [na-pmSAH (AUC: 0.9979), na-ni-ivl-SAH (AUC: 1), na-t-SAH (AUC: 0.9997), na-ne-SAH (AUC: 0.9475), na-d-SAH (AUC: 0.7676)] subgroups. These models were applied in a parallel cohort, showing eight risk factors plus survival rates to predict the prognosis of SAH. Conclusions: The classification of risk factors related to aSAH and naSAH is helpful in the diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of aSAH and naSAH patients. Further validation is needed in future clinical applications.
Genomic Profiling and Prognostic Value Analysis of Genetic Alterations in Chinese Resected Lung Cancer With Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

Background Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung is a distinct histological subtype with unique clinical and pathological features. Despite previous genomic studies on lung IMA, the genetic characteristics and the prognosis-related biomarkers in Chinese surgically resected lung IMA remain unclear. Methods We collected 76 surgically resected primary tumors of invasive lung adenocarcinoma, including 51 IMA and 25 non-mucinous adenocarcinomas (non-IMA). IMA was further divided into pure-IMA (mucinous features≥90%) and mixed-IMA subgroups. Comprehensive genomic profiling based on targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 425 genes was explored and genomic characteristics were evaluated for the correlation with postoperative disease-free survival (DFS). Results IMA had a unique genetic profile, with more diverse driver mutations and more tumor drivers/suppressors co-occurrence than that of non-IMA. The frequency of EGFR (72.0% vs. 40.0% vs. 23.1%, p=0.002) and ALK (undetected vs. 20.0% vs. 26.9%, p=0.015) alterations showed a trend of gradual decrease and increase from non-IMA to mixed-IMA to pure-IMA, respectively. The frequency of KRAS mutations in pure-IMA was higher than that in mixed-IMA, albeit statistically insignificant (23.1% vs. 4.0%, p=0.10). TP53 mutation was significantly less in pure-IMA compared to mixed-IMA and non-IMA (23.1% vs. 52.0% vs. 56.0%, p=0.03). Besides, IMA exhibited less arm-level amplifications (p=0.04) and more arm-level deletions (p=0.004) than non-IMA, and the frequency of amplification and deletion also showed a trend of gradual decrease and increase from non-IMA to mixed-IMA to pure-IMA, respectively. Furthermore, prognosis analysis in stage III IMA patients showed that patients harboring alterations in EGFR (mDFS=30.3 vs. 16.0 months, HR=0.19, P=0.027) and PI3K pathway (mDFS=36.0 vs. 16.0 months, HR=0.12, P=0.023) achieved prolonged DFS, while patients with poorly differentiated tumors (mDFS=14.1 vs. 28.0 months, HR=3.75, p=0.037) or with KRAS mutations (mDFS=13.0 vs. 20.0 months, HR=6.95, p=0.027) had shorter DFS. Multivariate analysis showed that KRAS mutations, PI3K pathway alterations, and tumor differentiation status were independent factors that have statistically significant influences on clinical outcomes of IMA patients. Conclusion Our study provided genomic insights into Chinese surgically resected lung IMA. We also identified several genomic features that may serve as potential biomarkers on postoperative recurrence in IMA patients with stage III disease.
Chironomidae Morphological Types and Functional Feeding Groups as a Habitat Complexity Vestige

Chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) larvae play an important role in a wide range of aquatic ecosystems. The study focuses on Chironomidae trophic guilds and morphological types as indicator traits in reconstructions of habitat changes in shallow water bodies. Mentum and ventromental plates are important mouthparts whose shape depends on food type and feeding behavior. Chironomidae larvae strongly vary in the mode of life and feeding habits, representing almost every feeding group. Here we classified the mentum types into 16 groups and tested if they indicated similar past habitat changes as the Chironomidae functional feeding groups (FFGs), and tribes/subfamilies. Paleoecological data of biotic and abiotic proxies were derived from short sequences from a Late Glacial oxbow and a nearby medieval moat located in Central Poland. The study revealed that the habitat substratum structure, vegetation and physicochemical conditions are associated both with the feeding types and morphological traits. This provides a valuable tool for future reconstructions of habitat changes.
Variability of apatite fission-track annealing kinetics: I. Experimental results

Abstract Annealing rates for fission tracks in apatite vary markedly as a complex function of composition, based on an experimental study of 15 well-characterized, compositionally diverse apatites. Extensive annealing data were obtained in 69 experiments (durations of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 h at temperatures from 75 to 400 °C) on each of four apatites, three with near end-member occupancy of the halogen site by F, Cl, and OH, plus the well-known apatite from Durango, Mexico. These results were supplemented by less-comprehensive annealing data from 12 experiments over the same range of time and temperature on each of the remaining 11 apatites. Measurements of initial fission-track length, a parameter of considerable importance to the derivation of time-temperature paths from fission-track data, reveal substantial variations from one apatite to another; initial lengths are best predicted from etch figures. Interlaboratory comparisons of data on annealing kinetics highlight discrepancies that appear to result largely from differences in the precision and accuracy of experimental temperatures. None of the factors previously proposed as the dominant compositional controls on annealing rates can account completely for annealing behavior over the full range of compositions studied. Nevertheless, relative rates of annealing among all apatites are highly systematic, which allows this data set to be used in its entirety to constrain multikinetic annealing models that predict fission-track lengths as a function of time and temperature.
ESEEM STUDIES OF ALCOHOL BINDING TO THE MANGANESE CLUSTER OF THE OXYGEN EVOLVING COMPLEX OF PHOTOSYSTEM II

An ESEEM (electron spin−echo envelope modulation) spectroscopic study employing a series of 2H-labeled alcohols provides direct evidence that small alcohols (methanol and ethanol) ligate to the Mn cluster of the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of Photosystem II in the S2-state of the Kok cycle. A numerical method for calculating the through-space hyperfine interactions for exchange-coupled tetranuclear Mn clusters is described. This method is used to calculate hyperfine interaction tensors for protons [deuterons] in the vicinity of two different arrangements of Mn ions in a tetranuclear cluster: a symmetric cubane model and the EXAFS-based Berkeley “dimer-of-dimers” model. The Mn−H distances derived from the spectroscopically observed coupling constants for methanol and ethanol protons [deuterons] and interpreted with these cluster models are consistent with the direct ligation of these small alcohols to the OEC Mn cluster. Specifically, for methanol we can simulate the three-pulse ESEEM time domain patter.
How to Calculate Planarity Restraints

Planarity of some atomic groups is one of the important stereochemical features of a model under refinement. A planarity restraint is usually included in the functional to be minimized. A new method of analytical calculation of the exalet gradient value is suggested for the standard function [Schomaker, Waser, Marsh & Bergman (1959). Acta Cryst. 12, 600–604] which controls planarity in the most direct way. This approach makes it possible to refine the optimum plane orientation at the same time as atomic coordinates.
Synthesis, spectral characterization and crystal structures of organophosphonic diamides: pyramidal nitrogen centers and hydrogen bonding in [PhP(O)(NHtBu)2], [PhP(O)(NHDipp)2](Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) and [tBuP(O)(NHiPr)2]

Organophosphonic diamides of general formula [R1P(O)(NHR2)2] (1–8; R1 = Ph, Cy or tBu and R2 = Cy, iPr, tBu or Dipp) have been prepared by the addition of P,P'-dichloro(alkyl/aryl)phosphine oxide, R1P(O)Cl2, to a solution of primary amine in toluene. The synthesis of PhP(O)(NHtBu)2 (1) in high yield was achieved by slow oxidation of PhP(NHtBu)2 in air over several days. All new compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis and by IR, EI mass and NMR (1H and 31P) spectroscopy. The molecular structures of [PhP(O)(NHtBu)2] (1), [PhPO(NHDipp)2] (2) and [tBuP(O)(NHiPr)2] (7) have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The amido nitrogen atoms in 1, 2 and 7 show considerable deviation from the expected trigonal-planar geometry. The observed dihedral angles and the orientation of the nitrogen lone pair (l.p.) in these compounds point to the role of l.p.(N) → σ*(P–X) type negative hyperconjugative interactions in P–N multiple bonding. Compounds 1 and 7 form interesting polymeric structures in the solid state with the aid of N–H⋯OP hydrogen bonding interactions while the presence of the very bulky Dipp substituent on nitrogen in 2 prevents the participation of the N–H protons in hydrogen bonding with phosphoryl oxygen atoms.
Volatile Retention and Antifungal Properties of Spray-Dried Microparticles of Lippia sidoides Essential Oil

Spray drying microencapsulation of Lippia sidoides essential oil was investigated. Maltodextrin DE10 and gum arabic at different proportions (4:1, 3:2, 2:3, 0:1 m/m) was used as a carrier. The content of essential oil related to the carrier was 20 and 25% in weight and the emulsions were atomized from 30% up to 60% (m/m) of total solid concentration. Spray dryer inlet temperatures varied from 140 to 160°C and the best thermal efficiency and powder recovery were found at 160°C. Product properties and process performance were assessed on the basis of microscopic features of the powder (shape and size of microparticles), moisture content, and powder recovery. Encapsulation efficiency was estimated through determination of the content of essential oil in the microcapsules. The best encapsulation efficiency was related to experimental parameters as follows: solid content of the encapsulating composition of 50% (m/m), maltodextrin:gum arabic ratio of 0:1 (m/m) and carrier:essential oil ratio of 4:1 (m/m). Antifungal activities of microparticles were evaluated, evidencing their potential as important antifungal agents. The positive findings in this study encourage further research and provide perspectives for the development of phytotherapeutic products from essential oil of Lippia sidoides.
Shear-banded flow and transient rheology of cationic wormlike micellar solutions

Linear oscillatory as well as transient and steady shear measurements for micellar solutions of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and sodium salicylate (NaSal) as a function of the salt-to-surfactant concentration ratio (CSALT/CDTAB) are presented. Our results indicate that, for molar ratios of salt to surfactant (CSALT/CDTAB) smaller than 1, the micellar solutions follow closely Maxwell behavior with a single relaxation time, that is, they are in the fast-breaking regime, and exhibit shear banding above a critical shear rate. When this ratio is greater than 1, micellar solutions behave as semidilute polymer solutions with a spectrum of relaxation times and no stress plateau is observed in steady shear. The results are analyzed with the Granek−Cates model (for linear response) and with a simple model that consists of the upper convected Maxwell constitutive equation coupled to a kinetic equation to account for the breaking and reformation of the micelles (nonlinear behavior). The stress plateau and .
The Palladium-Hydrogen System

In this review an attempt is made to highlight some of the important properties of the palladium-hydrogen system. (The term hydrogen will be used as a collective term when referring to all three isotopes, but otherwise the names of the specific isotopes, protium, deuterium, and tritium, will be used.) Most of the data in the literature are for the palladium-protium system; generally the three isotopes behave similarly, however, the thermo­ dynamic and kinetic (diffusion) behavior of the isotopes differ quantita­ tively and these differences are discussed below. Lasser recently published a monograph entitled Tritium and Helium-3 in Metals (1), which contains a compilation of the thermodynamic prop­ erties of all three isotopes in palladium and in palladium-silver alloys. Lewis presented a comprehensive review in 1966 (2), certain aspects of which he has updated (3). Wicke & Brodowsky (4) reviewed the thermo­ dynamic and kinetic behavior of palladium-hydrogen and palladium alloy­ hydrogen systems in 1978. In view of the interest in this system, kindled by the recent discovery of possible anomalous effects in the Pd-D system, it appears to be a timely occasion to review the palladium-hydrogen system. The palladium-hydrogen system has long held a key role in metal-
Copulas and Other Multivariate Models of Personal Exposures to VOC Mixtures

ABSTRACT While exposures to most pollutants occur in mixtures with other pollutants, joint distributions of pollutants have not been characterized, even for pollutants that frequently occur together. This study investigates exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and presents and evaluates innovative ways of modeling mixtures. Personal exposures to ten VOCs for 655 individuals were evaluated using a semi-parametric framework that estimates probabilities of mixtures containing components greater than specified levels. Common mixtures were identified using positive matrix factorization. Copulas were tested for their ability to model inter-pollutant dependencies, focusing on the most exposed individuals. For highly correlated VOCs, Gumbel and Gaussian copulas best described the joint probability. For VOCs with low correlations, distributions could be described by the product copula, among other approaches. High concentration mixtures usually resulted from strong sources (e.g., residence with attached garage), certain behaviors (e.g., cigarette smoking), and sometimes from multiple but unrelated sources (e.g., mothballs, solvents). This is the first article to characterize exposures to VOC mixtures measured using personal monitoring and a population-based sample, and it appears to be the first to apply the copula technique, which allows accurate modeling of joint distributions with only one additional parameter beyond those needed to represent the marginal distributions.
Polystyrene/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Intercalative Polymerization: Influence of the Surfactant Type

Na-montmorillonite (MMT) with a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 90 meq/100 g was converted to MMT-CTAB and MMT-CPC by the intercalation of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), respectively. The intercalation of CPC onto the basal space of the montmorillonite expanded the basal space from 12.19 to 21.47 A, whereas in the case of CTAB, the spacing was only expanded to 19.35 A. The MMT-CPC and MMT-CTAB forms were subsequently used as hosts for the preparation of polystyrene nanocomposites via intercalative free-radical polymerization of styrene. Different structures were obtained by varying the preparation conditions; the exfoliated and intercalated nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The produced nanocomposites exhibited improved thermal stability in comparison with that of pure polystyrene above 40°C especially in the case of the nanocomposites based on the MMT-CPC, in which intercalation exists. A glass transition temperature (T g ) could not be detected for the prepared nanocomposites using DSC; this was assumed to result from the restricted molecular motion of the polymer chains.
Enhancing a Biomedical Ontology with Knowledge from Discharge Summaries

To perform useful and interesting queries on biomedical ontologies in OWL with a reasoner, it is necessary to enhance them by populating directly their classes, properties, and adding new axioms. A substantial data source which can be exploited to populate such ontologies consists of discharge summaries since they involve most common medical concepts such as patient, disease, drug. Such a document created by clinicians for a patient leaving hospital provides semantic relationships between diseases and medications through patients. This work aims to analyse discharge summaries in raw text by combining a deductive procedure based on some explicit regularity in their structure with an inductive learning mechanism. New TBox axioms and ABox assertions resulting from this analysis process are used to enhance a selected biomedical ontology. This allows physicians, pharmacists or patients to perform queries on the enhanced ontology by using an OWL reasoner in order to obtain answers, for instance on how drugs are used for treatment of diseases in the hospitals. The relevance of the generated axioms and assertions is evaluated by using experimental results obtained from real-world discharge summaries.
Effect of the solution-focused brief therapy on cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients under adjuvant chemotherapy: a randomized trial

Background Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a severe symptom in breast cancer survivors. We aimed to explore the effects of the solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) on CRF in breast cancer patients after lumpectomy or mastectomy under adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods First, 196 patients with primarily diagnosed breast cancer were recruited, screened, and the qualified 160 patients were randomly assigned into the control (routine nursing interventions), and intervention (routine nursing interventions and SFBT) groups. CRF was evaluated using the Chinese version of revised Piper Fatigue Scale. Data were collected at baseline (T1), post-intervention (T2), and post-follow-up (T3). Results Mild to severe fatigue existed in all qualified participants at T1 and the fatigue symptom went worse with the chemotherapy in control group. In intervention group, the fatigue level decreased at T2 (P<0.05), and went to the similar level at T3 as that at T1. The levels of behavioral, affective, and sensory fatigues in the control group significantly increased at T3 (P<0.05), while no difference was found in the intervention group. This study showed that SFBT effectively decreased CRF in breast cancer survivors after surgery under adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions Hence, SFBT might be a beneficial non-pharmacological intervention alone or in combination with other interventions to improve patients’ quality of life.
The Accuracy of the English-Indonesian Translation of Cultural Terms in Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns

Novel is one of popular literature in the world that can be enjoyed by anyone from any countries and ages. Along its popularity, it becomes easy to find the English novel in Indonesia. However, not a few people prefer the translated version of English novel to the original one. Translated novel roles as the alternative to help the readers understand and enjoy literature from around the world. Therefore, the production of translated novel is increased along the readers’ demand. This phenomenon absolutely challenges the productivity of a translator for making a good quality of translation in order to deliver the message of the original text successfully. Translating a novel from source language to the target language is quite complicated and not as easy as translating text in common. Novel represents the culture that is embedded in the language of a society. Newmark (1998) remarks that “culture is the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of expression" (p. 94). Therefore in translating a novel a translator should consider the cultural terms found in the novel. Thus, this obliges the RAINBOW Vol. 9 (2) 2020 Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Cultural Studies https://journal.unnes. ac.id/sju/index.php/rainbow