Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Usability of a Consumer Health Informatics Tool Following Completion of a Clinical Trial: Focus Group Study

Background Mobile health (mHealth) apps have the potential to be effective tools for encouraging patients with chronic diseases to self-manage their health. The success of mHealth apps is related to technology acceptance and its subsequent use by intended consumers. Therefore, it is essential to gain insights from consumers’ perspectives about their use of mHealth apps in daily life. Objective The purpose of this work was to understand consumers’ perspectives on use of a self-management app following completion of a clinical trial that tested the efficacy of the app for improving health outcomes. Methods We conducted five focus groups with paricipants of a clinical trial (NCT03182738) who were randomized to use the video information provider (VIP) for HIV-associated nonAIDS (HANA) conditions app (VIP-HANA) or an attention control app. Thematic analysis was conducted, and the themes were organized according to the two key constructs of the technology acceptance model framework: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Results Thirty-nine people living with HIV (20 from the intervention group and 19 from the control group) participated in the focus group sessions. Of the eight themes identified from focus group data, the five themes related to perceived usefulness were: (1) self-monitoring HIV-related symptoms of HANA conditions, (2) enhanced relationship with clinical providers, (3) improvement in physical and emotional health, (4) long-term impact of self-care strategies on improvement in symptoms of HANA conditions, and (5) inspired lifestyle changes to manage symptoms. The three themes related to perceived ease of use were: (1) easy to navigate, (2) avatar personalization, and (3) privacy/confidentiality maintained even when changing the location of app use. Conclusions Perceived ease of use was similar in both study groups but perceived usefulness differed between study groups. Participants in both study groups found the VIP-HANA app to be useful in monitoring their symptoms and enhancing communication with their clinical care providers. However, only intervention group participants perceived the app to be useful in improving overall health and long-term symptom management. Findings from this study highlight factors that are essential to ensure the usefulness of self-management apps and facilitate sustained use of mHealth apps for people living with chronic illnesses.
Alternate mating strategies of polymorphic males of Libinia emarginata appear to depend on methyl farnesoate

Summary The spider crab Libinia emarginata has six male morphotypes that differ with respect to their appearance and reproductive readiness. Large abraded males compete actively for females and have the largest claws and reproductive system indices and highest methyl farnesoate (MF) blood levels. Smaller abraded males with short claws attempt mating in the absence of large abraded males but employ the alternative tactics of sneak mating and female mimicry when large aggressive males are present. Unabraded morphs of any size do not attempt to mate, either in competition or in isolation with receptive females. Their MF levels are lower (usually one-half that of abraded males) indicating that they are in a state of reproductive diapause. Incompletely abraded males have intermediate levels of MF and are moderately active in reproduction. These data suggest that MF may be involved in directing the reproductive behavior of different male morphotypes.
Studies on the carbohydrate metabolism of sheep. XVI. Partition of ketone bodies in blood, tissues, and urine

Acetone comprised 0–40% (average 18%) of the acetoacetic acid plus acetone fraction in sheep blood, in which the level of this fraction was 0.6–5.2 mg % (as acetone). Acetoacetic acid was largely converted to acetone during storage of blood at –20°C, with intermittent thawing for analysis. Concentrations of acetoacetic acid in red cells were similar to those in plasma, but those of s-hydroxybutyric acid were considerably lower. In contrast to acetoacetic acid, s-hydroxybutyric acid was virtually absent from foetal blood and from brain tissue. Concentrations of both ketone fractions in liver and muscle tissue were about one-half the blood concentrations. The renal clearance of acetoacetic acid plus acetone in hyperketonaemic pregnant ewes was independent of blood level up to 20 mg % and was little affected by rate of urine flow. Clearance values were in the range of 4–9 ml per min, which indicates that most of the acetoacetic acid filtered at the glomeruli is absorbed by the renal tubules. Renal clearance of s-hydroxybutyric acid was dependent on blood level and was more affected by rate of urine flow than that of acetoacetic acid. Very little s-hydroxybutyric acid appeared in the urine when blood levels were below 15 mg %. Clearance increased as blood concentration rose above this level, and reached maximum values, mostly of 3–5 ml per min, at blood levels exceeding 30 mg %.
Morphological and Molecular Data Support a New Combination in the Neotropical Complex of Cucullate-leaved Species of Syntrichia (Pottiaceae)

Abstract Based on morphological and molecular evidence, a new combination, Syntrichia kingii, is proposed for Tortula kingii, an Andean taxon previously treated as conspecific with S. percarnosa. Tortula nigra is also synonymized with S. kingii. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses of chloroplast DNA sequences (trnL-trnF and trnG regions) were undertaken to assess the affinities between these cucullate-leaved species. Syntrichia kingii is described, illustrated, and its distribution mapped. The known range of this species is extended in the Neotropics to Guatemala, Mexico, and Venezuela. Diagnostic characters, microphotographs, and a morphological comparison with S. percarnosa are provided. Syntrichia percarnosa is excluded from the Mexican moss flora.
Nutraceutical and Health Benefits of Two Underutilized Leafy Vegetables (Pterocarpus santalinoides and Napoleona imperialis)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and health implication of Pterocarpus santalinoides (Uturukpa) and Napoleona imperialis (Mkpodu) leaves. The vegetables were harvested from the forest in Udi Local Government area in Enugu State and identified at Department of Agronomy, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria. The vegetables were trimmed and washed with deionized water and drained. The vegetables were ground using hammer mill into paste separately and coded as sample A (Pterocarpus santalinoides) and sample B (Napoleona imperialis). Both samples were analyzed in the laboratory for proximate, vitamins, minerals, anti-nutrients and phytochemicals. The results were analyzed statistically using mean and standard deviation. The result showed that the proximate composition (on wet wt. basis) of sample A and B were protein 1.06 and 5.27%, fat 0.98 and 0.71%, fibre 0.90 and 1.01%, ash 2.73 and 1.27% and carbohydrate 30.63 and 23.54% respectively. The vitamin constituents were beta carotene 360.00 and 360.00 μg/100 g, vitamin C 5.20 and 7.13 mg/100 g Original Research Article Umerah et al.; EJNFS, 11(3): 143-155, 2019; Article no.EJNFS. 2019.021 144 and vitamin E 2.80 and 1.45 mg/100 g for sample A and B respectively. The result of the minerals were iron 3.49 and 1.40 mg/100 g, zinc 0.92 and 2.10 mg/100 g, calcium 36.00 and 25.60 mg/100 g, magnesium 20.01 and 25.20 mg/100 g and potassium 11.27 and 70.92 mg/100 g for sample A and B respectively. The result of the pyhtochemicals revealed that both leaves contained an appreciable amount of phytochemicals which are component of herbs use for ethnomedicine. The anti-nutrients in sample A and B were cyanide 0.48 and 0.94%, oxalate 1.08 and 3.87% and phytate 0.25 and 6.01% respectively. The high protein, fibre and mineral content of Napoleona imperialis is of interest, hence these lesser known vegetables are recommended due to its high nutritional content and health benefit.
PROCEDURES FOR THE LABORATORY REARING OF LERNAEA CYPRINACEA L. (COPEPODA)

[Es wird ein Verfahren fur die Laboratoriumszucht des parasitischen Susswassercopepoden Lernaea cyprinacea gegeben. Als Wirt wird der Goldfisch Carassius auratus gebraucht. Einige Probleme werden besprochen und diesbezugliche Losungen empfohlen. Aus praktischen Grunden wurden diese in vier Phasen des Lebenszyklus aufgeteilt. 1) Schlupfen aus dem Ei bis 1. Copepodit. 2) Infektion durch den 1. Copepodit. 3) Die Entwicklung vom 1. Copepodit zum erwachsenen Tier. 4) Eindringen in den Wirt und die Eisackbildung. Die hier entwickelte Methode durfte fur das ganze Verbreitungsgebiet des Parasiten in Frage kommen. , Es wird ein Verfahren fur die Laboratoriumszucht des parasitischen Susswassercopepoden Lernaea cyprinacea gegeben. Als Wirt wird der Goldfisch Carassius auratus gebraucht. Einige Probleme werden besprochen und diesbezugliche Losungen empfohlen. Aus praktischen Grunden wurden diese in vier Phasen des Lebenszyklus aufgeteilt. 1) Schlupfen aus dem Ei bis 1. Copepodit. 2) Infektion durch den 1. Copepodit. 3) Die Entwicklung vom 1. Copepodit zum erwachsenen Tier. 4) Eindringen in den Wirt und die Eisackbildung. Die hier entwickelte Methode durfte fur das ganze Verbreitungsgebiet des Parasiten in Frage kommen. ]
Male courtship displays and vocal communication in the polygynous bat Carollia perspicillata

Male courtship behaviour towards choosy females often comprises elaborate displays that address multiple sensory channels. In bats, detailed quantitative descriptions of multimodal courtship displays are still fairly scarce, despite the taxon’s speciose nature. We studied male courtship behaviour in a polygynous Neotropical bat, Seba’s short-tailed fruit bat Carollia perspicillata ,b y monitoring harem males in a captive colony. Courting male C. perspicillata performed stereotypic tactile, visual and acoustic displays. A courtship sequence, directed at one female at a time, lasted up to 120 s. During courtship, males approached females by brachiating or flying, hovered in front of them, pursued them on the wing, sniffed them and repeatedly poked the females with one or both folded wings; the latter behaviour was the most conspicuous male courtship display. Immediately before copulation, males wrapped their wings around the females and bit their necks. As acoustic display, courting male C. perspicillata produced highly variable, monosyllabic courtship trills. The species’ vocal repertoire consisted of ten different social vocalisation types, three for benign interactions (courtship trills, wobbles, isolation calls), four for aggressive encounters (aggressive trills, down-sweeps, warbles, distress calls) and the remaining three for unknown behavioural contexts (V-shaped calls, flat down-sweeps, hooks). Courtship trills and aggressive trills were exclusively produced by males. We measured 245 courtship trills of five males and found statistical evidence for a strong individual signature which has the potential to facilitate female choice, mate recognition or neighbour–stranger recognition among male competitors.
The Stages of Drug Discovery and Development Process

Drug discovery is a process which aims at identifying a compound therapeutically useful in curing and treating disease. This process involves the identification of candidates, synthesis, characterization, validation, optimization, screening and assays for therapeutic efficacy. Once a compound has shown its significance in these investigations, it will initiate the process of drug development earlier to clinical trials. New drug development process must continue through several stages in order to make a medicine that is safe, effective, and has approved all regulatory requirements. One overall theme of our article is that the process is sufficiently long, complex, and expensive so that many biological targets must be considered for every new medicine ultimately approved for clinical use and new research tools may be needed to investigate each new target. From initial discovery to a marketable medicine is a long, challenging task. It takes about 12 15 years from discovery to the approved medicine and requires an investment of about US $1 billion. On an average, a million molecules screened but only a single is explored in late stage clinical trials and is finally made obtainable for patients. This article provides a brief outline of the processes of new drug discovery and development.
A review of the control of biological waste treatment in stabilization ponds

Most biological systems function effectively without human interference. The stabilization pond is an ecosystem governed by the nature of the communities that it supports and the prevailing environmental conditions in which it is maintained. The interrelationships that bond microscopic fauna and flora with the chemistry of their circumstances can be manipulated to ensure breakdown of organic refuse and to eliminate parasites and other hazards. They ensure effective treatment of organic wastes generated by humankind and their normal functions. At the same time there are opportunities to capitalize on the byproducts of the process. Monitoring rates of change using biological and chemical techniques provide useful information for adjusting retention times or creating additional pond basins to enhance the treatment process. Information used for managing the ponds provides a potential database for integration of pond systems with membrane filter systems and future initiatives necessary to ensure clean water su.
Development of Assessment Instrument for Singing Skills and Playing Musical Instrument for The Music Teacher Candidates of General Schools

The competences of music teacher candidates in teaching singing practice and playing a musical instrument are needed in the teaching-learning process at general schools. Hence, the process needs a comprehensive preparation for both competences. The objective of this study is to prepare an assessment instrument of singing practice and playing a musical instrument which is needed to assess the competences of music teacher candidates. The study used mix-method approach. The combination of qualitative and quantitative is required as the two methods are interrelated for both in the process of preparing assessment instruments and testing the instrument. The instruments consist of nine assignments. The six of which are the instruments for reading melodic and rhythmic notation and the other three instruments are to assess the skills to accompany songs. Based on the result, it can be found that the coefficient of instrument reliability is 0.817 in the type of consistency definition and 0.810 in the type of absolute agreement definitions. It can be concluded that the instrument made by using the analytic rubric of coefficient the reliability is better compared to the instrument made by a holistic rubric.
The Inheritance of Resistance to Septoria Glume Blotch II. The Wild Wheat Species Aegilops speltoides

The inheritance of resistance in the wild wheat species Ae. speltoides L. to Septoria glume blotch (Septoria nodorum Berk.) was investigated. It was characterized by two parameters measured on detached leaves, namely lesion size (LS) and length of latent period (LP), and by the severity of the disease under field conditions (DS). The genetic analysis was based on the F1 and F2 generations of a 4 × 4 diallel cross between four Ae. speltoides accessions showing differential resistance to the pathogen. The three parameters of resistance were highly correlated. Considerable heterosis for resistance was found for each of the parameters in most of the diallel combinations. The estimates of broad-sense heritability were moderately high (0.50 — LS, 0.60 — LP, 0.52 — DS), while the estimates of narrow-sense heritability were low (0.16 for LS, 0.20 for LP, 0.25 for DS). There were no indications for genie interaction. It is suggested that the resistance is controlled by at least two genes with over-dominance of the alleles for higher resistance. Highly resistant Ae. speltoides accessions are a potential source of germplasm for improving the resistance of cultivated wheats to Septoria glume blotch. The possibility of using dominant alleles for resistance in hybrid cultivars is discussed.
Hormonal induction of all stages of spermatogenesis in germ‐somatic cell coculture from immature Japanese eel testis

In cultivated male eel, spermatogonia are the only germ cells present in testis. Our previous studies using an organ culture system have shown that gonadotropin and 11‐ketotestosterone (11‐KT, a potent androgen in teleost fishes) can induce all stages of spermatogenesis in vitro. for detailed investigation of the control mechanisms of spermatogenesis, especially of the interaction between germ cells and testicular somatic cells during 11‐KT‐induced spermatogenesis in vitro, we have established a new culture system in which germ cells and somatic cells are cocultured after they are aggregated into pellets by centrifugation. Germ cells (spermatogonia) and somatic cells (mainly Sertoli cells) were isolated from immature eel testis. Coculture of the isolated germ cells and somatic cells without forming aggregation did not induce spermatogenesis, even in the presence of 11‐KT. In contrast, when isolated germ cells and somatic cells were formed into pellets by centrifugation and were then cultured with 11‐KT for 30 days, the entire process of spermatogenesis from premitotic spermatogonia to spermatozoa was induced. However, in the absence of 11‐KT in the culture medium spermatogenesis was not induced, even when germ cell and somatic cells were aggregated. These results demonstrate that physical contact of germ cells to Sertoli cells is required for inducing spermatogenesis in response to 11‐KT.
RAPD analysis of local bell pepper genotypes in relation with powdery mildew incidence and fruit yield: Managing disease by single chemical molecule

Abstract A field study was conducted to investigate powdery mildew disease incidence and fruit yield of locally available bell pepper genotypes by Kharif 2004 and Rabi 2005. The study includes a single chemical molecule in managing the powdery mildew disease during both the seasons. Field studies include five chemical treatments (T1 to T5) plus one water spray control and an untreated control in five replications each. The result shows that out all treatments T5 was best in controlling the powdery mildew disease in genotype Indra by 77.1 and 73.7% of disease decrease over control and 85.3 and 95.7% increase in yield over control respectively during Kharif and Rabi. The next best performing genotypes were Arka Basant and California Wonder in terms of less disease incidence and high yield. Further, the study was extended to relate the selected varieties for its genetic diversity using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs, with respect to the disease incidence and yield. The highest genetic dissimilarity of 49% was noticed between the genotypes Indra and Arka Gaurav having contrasting characters such as high and low fruit yield, respectively. The lowest genetic diversity of 21% was noticed between the genotypes Arka Mohini and California Wonder that were similar in most of the morphological characters, fruit yield and susceptibility to the powdery mildew disease. Based on the molecular data, a remarkable difference was exhibited by the commercially grown bell pepper genotypes.
Antecedents of Project Managers Turnover Intention: Psychological Distress As Mediator

The Infomation Technology (IT) sector is growing rapidly there are vast opportunities for the IT personnel. The success of any project depends on the skills of project managers. This study aims to address the behaviour of project managers and project team leaders that are working in software houses in Pakistan that how project managers and project team leads react when they have to deal with complex and riskier projects. This study explores the effects of project related factors (project risk and shareholder relationship) on the software houses project manager’s intention to leave their jobs and psychological distress. The mediating effect of intrinsic motivation is also explored. This study intends to overcome the existing gap, as in literature these variables relationship is not studied. It was a time lag study based on two online questionnaires for data collection. Data was collected from the project managers and project team leaders of the software houses. Total 40 software houses were used for data collection. The findings suggest that psychological distress mediates the relationship of project risk, stakeholder relationship and intention to leave. There was no significant mediating effect of intrinsic motivation. The results showed that project manager intention to leave depend on psychological distress. The data was collected from the software houses of twin cities of Pakistan. So its results cannot be generalized to all software houses operating in Pakistan. Data was obtained from software houses operating at large level that are involved in multiple projects, less data was collected from the software houses operating at small level. This study contributes to existing body of knowledge of project management. The findings of this study will help the owners of project based IT organizations to understand the project related factors contribution in developing project managers and project team leads intention to leave job and how these factors affect their mental health that can lead to negative effects.
Mitochondrial DNA variation and phylogenetic relationships of Jasus spp. (Decapoda: Palinuridae)

The seven species of rock lobster in the genus Jasus have a fragmented circumpolar distribution, inhabiting continental or island waters of the Southern Ocean. Gene flow between nominal species is possible as the planktonic larval stages of Jasus are widely dispersed in major oceanic gyres. Restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from five species (J. verreauxi, J. novaehollandiae, J. edwardsii, J. lalandii and J. tristani) was used to assess taxa previously defined only by morphological criteria. Intraspecific mtDNA nucleotide sequence diversity was generally high (0.33-0.99%). An absence of episodic population bottlenecks and extinctions, attributable to a teleplanic (far wandering) and prolonged pelagic stage, may be a significant factor contributing to this variation. New Zealand (J. edwardsii) and Australian (J. novaehollandiae) populations appear to be conspecific and should be referred to as J. edwardsii; however, a significant difference in the magnitude of mean sequence diversities between these populations may indicate restrictions to gene flow across the Tasman Sea. The genome of J. verreauxi is highly distinct from the genomes of the other species (nucleotide sequence diversity: 14.92-16.67%), supporting the existence of 'verreauxi' and 'lalandii' groups within Jasus. High sequence diversities separating J. edwardsii, J, lalandii and J. tristani (4.41-7.36%) indicates long-term reproductive isolation. Hypotheses for the evolution of 'lalandii' group Jasus, which suggest a relatively recent divergence of J. lalandii and J. tristani, are not supported by phylogenetic reconstruction. Instead, it gives systematic validity to the grouping of J. lalandii with J. edwardsii as proposed by the existing taxonomy.