Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new convergent method for porphyrin synthesis based on a ‘3 + 1’ condensation

A new methodology based on the ‘3 + 1’ acid-catalytic condensation of tripyrranes and pyrrole-2,5-dicarbaldehyde has been used, for the first time, for the synthesis of two types of porphyrins: vic-dipropionic ester porphyrins 30 and 31 including an analogue of the corallistin-A and vic-diacrylic ester porphyrins 32 and 34. For this purpose, synthesis of various tripyrranes and pyrrole-2,5-dicarbaldehydes have been reported and characterized. Studies by dynamic 1H NMR of sterically hindered tripyrranes show conformational exchange, in solution. Structures of the new porphyrins have been confirmed by 1H NMR spectrometry. Introduction of diacrylic ester groups in vicinal positions markedly influences the electronic spectra of compounds 32 and 34 which present an oxorhodo-type absorption pattern.
An S-/Ka-Band Shared Aperture Tracking Reflector Antenna With Polarization Diversity

A dual-band dual-polarized tracking reflector design approach has been explored, and successfully demonstrated the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- and <italic>Ka</italic>-band tracking with enhanced performance. The antenna works in Cassegrain mode at <italic>Ka</italic>-band and the prime focus configuration at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band. A frequency selective subreflector isolates the two feeds, permits <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band transmission, and reflects the <italic>Ka</italic>-band signal. The antenna is dual linearly polarized at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band and dual circularly polarized at <italic>Ka</italic>-band. It capitulates an impedance bandwidth wider than 23.9% with isolation superior to 24 dB at the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band ports. At the <italic>Ka</italic>-band, it also displays an axial ratio ≤3 dB with isolation above 23 dB over the entire operating bandwidth of ≥12.4%. Monopulse tracking bandwidths of ≈13% at the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band and ≈8% at the <italic>Ka</italic>-band have been established. It reveals a gain of 53 dBi at <italic>Ka</italic>-band and 29 dBi at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band. The antenna demonstrates improved features, and measured results are enhanced compared to the earlier reported investigations.
Purification and Properties of a New Enzyme, L-Glutamate Oxidase, from Streptomyces sp. X-119-6 Grown on Wheat Bran

A new flavoprotein enzyme, l-glutamate oxidase, was purified to homogeneity from an aqueous extract of a wheat bran culture of Streptomyces sp. X-l 19–6. It showed absorption maxima at 273, 385 and 465 nm and a shoulder around 490 nm, and contained 2 mol of FAD per mol of enzyme. The enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 140,000 and consisted of three sizes of subunits with molecular weights of 44,000, 16,000 and 9,000. Balance studies showed that 1 mol of l-glutamate was converted to 1 mol of α-ketoglutarate, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide with the consumption of 1 mol of oxygen. In addition to l-glutamate, l-aspartate was oxidized by the enzyme but only to an extent of 0.6% at pH 7.4; the Michaelis constants were as follows: 0.21 mM for l-glutamate and 29 mM for l-aspartate. The isoelectric point was pH 6.2, and the enzyme activity was optimal between pH 7.0 and 8.0. When the enzyme was heated at pH 5.5 for 15 min, the remaining activity was 100% of the original activity level at 65°C, 87% at 75.
Charge carrier mobility in field effect transistors: analysis of capacitance–conductance measurements

We present a formalism to extract carrier mobility and its dependence on charge concentration and electric field, from field effect transistors (FETs) transfer characteristics. In this formalism, we consider the spatial non-uniformity of carrier mobility across the channel. We show that the mobility is extracted accurately by the new method, even when it is strongly dependent on carrier concentration and electric field. Typical examples of carrier mobility extraction in silicon, conjugated polymers, and in AlGaN/GaN heterostructure based FETs are demonstrated.
Advanced Video Laryngoscope and Automatic Data Collection System

— The Advanced Video Laryngoscope is designed to address the high stress situation of an inexperienced healthcare provider performing an intubation on a patient. The technology is superior to current video laryngoscopes in that it utilizes machine learning techniques to guide the healthcare provider in real-time, providing augmented reality cues to anatomical features, feedback to prevent critical levels of deoxygenation of the patient, and an automated system to assess the difficulty of airway and call on the assistance of other physicians if first-pass intubation is not successful. By providing real-time assistance to the operator, this device will increase the success rate of first-pass intubation and decrease the risk of complications for the patient.
Innovation in Irrigation Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture: An Endogenous Switching Analysis on Italian Farmsâ€™ Land Productivity

This paper aims to analyse how the farmerâ€™s choice on adopting innovative and sustainable irrigation systems such as water conservation and saving technologies (WCSTs), induced also by the climatic variability, would shape the economic resilience of the Italian agricultural farms by improving land productivity. A proper water management would increase efficiency in the agricultural activities by improving the use of water endowments and rising agricultural economic performances to address a sustainable development. We used an endogenous switching regression model considering two sources of endogeneity: the selection indicator and a continuous endogenous explanatory variable. By applying the control function method, a correlated random effects probit model for the selection equation and a correlated random effects model for the outcome equation are estimated in a panel data context based on a detailed micro-level dataset of all the Italian farms. Our results confirm that adopting WCSTs increases land productivity of adopters significantly.
Quadratic Optimization of Initial State for Dynamic Controller in Linear Systems

This study presents an optimization-based controller state initialization method for improving the initial transient response. Uncertainties in the uncontrolled periods around transition events or a large change in the reference may result in unexpected growth of initial tracking error. The proposed method mainly aims to regulate out the initial error at the instance of feedback control initiation with a small amount of control effort and a short settling time. The proposed method minimizes a cost function given by a weighted sum of infinite-horizon square integrals, provided that the other controller parameters are fixed a priori to yield closed-loop stability. The performance-oriented initial controller state optimization is desirable for efficient and rapid initial error convergence in systems such as missiles where agility is of major concern. This study suggests performance-related optimization as an alternative for controller state setting besides zero filling or solving for bump-less transfer in switching systems. The concept and the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical simulation considering the three-loop missile acceleration autopilot as an example application.
Influence of Microstucture on the Charge Storage Properties of Chemically Synthesized Manganese Dioxide

α-MnO2 was synthesized by a very simple coprecipitation technique and tested as active electrode material for an electrochemical supercapacitor. The powder presents a poorly crystallized cryptomelane phase with a chemical composition of K0.05MnO2H0.10·0.15H2O. Different aqueous electrolytes were tested including 0.1 M Na2SO4, 0.5 M K2HPO4/KH2PO4 buffer solution, 0.3 M H2SO4, and 1 M NaOH, but interesting pseudocapacitance behavior was only observed in the case of 0.1 M Na2SO4. Further testing using this electrolyte showed that an average capacitance of 166 F/g can be reproducibly obtained within a voltage range −0.4/+0.5 V vs Hg/Hg2SO4 using a sweep rate of 2 mV/s. This interesting value is mainly due to the chimisorption of Na+ ions and/or protons at the surface of the α-MnO2 electrode. Nearly all the Mn surface atoms are involved in the pseudocapacitive process. Therefore, the high specific capacitance seems to be related to the high surface area of the MnO2 powder rather than intercalation of Na+ ions .
A SHORT SYNTHESIS OF THE NATURALLY OCCURRING 2,3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-HEPTACHLORO- (“Q1”) AND HEPTABROMO-1′-METHYL-1,2′-BIPYRROLES

Of the more than 4,500 known naturally occurring organohalogen compounds' the halogenated bipyrroles are among the most interesting. For example, hexabromo1 ,I1-dimethyl22'-bipyrrole and 3,3',4,4'-tetrabromo-5J1-dichloro1 ,11-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyrrole are present in the eggs of Pacific and Atlantic Ocean seabirds (albatross, puffin, gull, petrel, auklet) and in bald eagle liver samples? " and, more recently, 2,3,31,4,4',5,5'-heptachloro-11-methyl1,2'-bipyrrole (designated "QI") (1) is found to be a ubiquitous marine natural product, detected in over 100 environmental marine samples from virtually all over the world (sea bird eggs, fish, the blubber of marine mammals, Antarctic air, and, remarkably, human milk from Eskimo women who consume whale blubber): Atthough we established the structure of Q1 by total synthesis in 2002, the yield was very low due to the difficulty of synthesis and instability of the key intermediate 1,2'-bipyrrolyl 4.5 Subsequently, many mixed halogenated 1,2'-bipyrrolyls have been detected in a myriad of marine sources! For example, 2,3,3',4,4',5,5'-heptabromo-l'-methyl-l,2'bipyrrole (2) was tentatively identified in 2006.6b9c To provide a more efficient synthesis of Q1 (1) for much needed analytical comparison and biological evaluation in view of its structural similarity to anthropogenic polychlorinated
A study of the singlet–triplet perturbations in the Ã 1Au state of acetylene by high resolution ultraviolet spectroscopy

Laser‐induced fluorescence spectra of the 330 K10 and 340 K10 vibronic bands of the A 1Au←X 1Σ+g transition in acetylene have been recorded with a resolution of 18 MHz. Each rotational transition consists of a group of lines due to coupling of the electronically excited singlet state with isoenergetic triplet states. Using the standard deconvolution procedure the singlet–triplet coupling elements and the density of coupled triplet states are derived for rotational levels up to J=4 in both bands. From the density of coupled triplet states it is concluded that the A 1Au state is perturbed by the T1 3B2 state. Magnetic field measurements have shown that the predissociation of acetylene in the 4ν3’ vibrational level of the A state is caused by a coupling via the T1 3B2 state with predissociating vibrational levels of the electronic ground state.
REPEL: A Strategic Approach for Defending 5G Control Plane From DDoS Signalling Attacks

5G relies on its pervasive and convergent cloud-based architecture to accomplish its futuristic challenge of being the next-generation communication platform. However, the new perspectives opened by 5G networks do not go unnoticed. Regardless of their motivation or objectives, cyberattackers find in the new 5G ecosystem, including its tenancy-driven control plane, an attractive greenfield to create new types of denial of services attacks. In this article, we leverage on the virtualised environment of 5G to propose REPEL – an intelligent resource scaling strategy to mitigate DDoS signalling attacks preserving legitimate traffic. Our prevention-based approach uses games theory to build up a defence front line, able to keep services availability and discourage the attacker. To demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of our approach, we feed a queuing model with parameters obtained from a testbed, where simulated subscribers connect to a virtualised evolved packet core prototype. The final results show a dramatic signalling losses reduction, which can ensure the appropriate control plane availability under a DDoS attack.
A Non-Mechanical Multi-Wavelength Integrated Photonic Beam Steering System

In this work we experimentally demonstrate a fully packaged one-dimensional beam steering system that is based on a fully CMOS compatible silicon photonics platform. This configuration enables multi-wavelength operation and is suitable for short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) applications from light detection and ranging (LIDAR) to telecommunication and sensing applications. The switching fabric in this system employs a 1x9 array of add/drop ring resonators that are fed by a common waveguide through a single etch input grating. The switching fabric re-directs the resonance wavelengths at each drop waveguide to the output facet at the edge of the chip and into free space. The divergent beams that exit the waveguides along the output facet are then collimated and magnified using an array of micro-lenses (pitch = 750 μm, Diameter = 700 μm) in addition to a two lens afocal system in order to enhance the fill factor and diminish any blind zones between adjacent beams. Each one of these drop waveguides is used to address portion of the steering aperture. Combined together they enable steering across the entire aperture. Multi-wavelength operation is obtained by placing individual titanium tungsten alloy (TiW) heaters on top of each ring resonator to enable wavelength tuning.
A Model for Joint Planning of Production and Distribution of Fresh Produce in Agricultural Internet of Things

The production and distribution planning of fresh produce is a complex optimization problem, which is affected by many factors, including its perishable characteristics. Farmers cannot guarantee the efficiency and accuracy of production and distribution decisions. Given the close relationship between the production and distribution of annual fresh produce, the intention of our research is to solve the two-stage joint planning problem and maximize the revenue of farmers ultimately. The internal relationship matrix between the two links of production and distribution is established. On this basis, we propose a mixed-integer programming (MIP) model, which covers the constraints of labor and capital. The decisions obtained are not only based on price estimation and resource availability but also on the impact of the agricultural Internet-of-Things technology and the special requirements of each distribution channel. Numerical experiments demonstrate that when the planting area is 1, 4, and 6 ha, the proposed joint planning model can improve the distribution revenue of farmers by 7.92%, 4.15%, and 4.94%, respectively, compared with the traditional separate decision-making approach of distribution. According to different decision scenarios, management insights have been obtained. For example, farmers should carefully sort and package products as well as choose a timely and safe third-party express delivery company. Additionally, the proposed strategy can evaluate the impact of distribution channels on farmers’ revenue.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of von Willebrand Factor Gene (Exon 18 and 20) in Saudi Healthy Individuals

Introduction: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is an autosomal congenital bleeding syndrome that was described as being the most widespread genetic condition among men. In Saudi Arabia, the genotyping of the VWF gene is necessary to establish a diagnosis procedure for VWD. Aim: The current research, however, attempted to evaluate the phenotypic-genotypic association of the Von Willebrand factor (exon 18 and 20) gene in healthy subjects to establish effective molecular diagnostic strategies. Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective included 100 healthy people who have been chosen from King Fahad University Hospital. Whole blood samples were collected from all individuals, as well as the laboratory analysis was done using automatic analyzers for; platelet count, ABO blood group and coagulation parameters. DNA Sanger sequencing has been used to sequestrate the full exons 18 and 20. Results: In exon 18 of healthy people, three unusual sequence variations (1 missense and 2 synonymous; rs775479826, rs1286572448 and rs369828268) compared to other recorded VWF variations (3 missense and 1 synonymous; c.2365A > G, c.2385T > C, c.2344C > T and c.2340C > G). But in exon 20 only 1 synonymous novel (rs113240752) 1 registered VWF variations in missense (c.2555G > A) were identified. Conclusion: The present variants found on those participates could be a realistic approach to detect mutation in the VWF gene to illustrating the relationship of phenotypic and genetic abnormalities variables may lead to determining the functional effect in mutations specific to the Saudi people that can be used to develop a diagnostic tool for VWD in KSA.
Consumerism at work and its relationship to employees’ personal goals, self-concept clarity, well-being and growth mindset

BACKGROUND Consumerism at work is a new concept. It is linked to materialism and consumption experience, which is why its relations with people’s well-being, self-concept clarity, life aspirations and growth mindset are not obvious. The phenomenon can be manifested as obtaining documents confirming acquired qualifications and professional experience by frequent changes of workplace not motivated by a real need, but rather a desire of collecting. Consumerism at work consists of three dimensions: external attestation of competence, orientation towards self-improvement and exploratory orientation, which are related to extrinsic motivation. It is a phenomenon observed contemporarily and may be attributable to changes in the labor market. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE The aim of the article is to explore consumerism at work and to examine the relationship between the phenomenon, employees’ personal goals, self-concept clarity, well-being and growth mindset. For that purpose, two studies were conducted among employees using a paper-pencil survey. There were 206 participants in the first study and 91 in the second one. In the new method, the Consumerism at Work Scale, the Aspirations Index, the Self-Concept Clarity Scale, the Growth Mindset Questionnaire and Ultra-Short Scales for measuring subjective well-being were used. RESULTS The study results show that consumerism at work is negatively related to self-concept clarity and positively related to extrinsic goals. Nonetheless, there are no relations between consumerism at work, well-being and a growth mindset. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that consumerism at work is a negative phenomenon in the context of employee’s self-concept clarity, and that it is associated with materialistic goals, while it is not related to growth mindset and well-being.
Large charge, semiclassics and superfluids :from broken symmetries to conformal field theories

This thesis explores the application of semiclassical methods in the study of states with large quantum numbers for theories invariant under internal symmetries. In the first part of the thesis, we study zero-temperature superfluids. These provide a general description of many systems at finite charge density. In particular, we derive a universal effective field theory description for non-Abelian superfluids. Such construction illustrates the role of gapped Goldstones, Goldstone modes whose gap is fixed by the symmetry, and may be as large as the strong coupling scale of the system. The second and third part of the thesis are devoted to the study of operators with large internal charge in strongly coupled conformal field theories. Using effective field theory techniques, we derive universal results for the spectrum of scaling dimensions and the OPE coefficients in a large charge expansion, both for theories invariant under Abelian and non-Abelian symmetry groups. We also extend these results to operators with large spin as well as large internal charge. The last part of this thesis studies operators with large internal charge within the εexpansion. We show how, using a semiclassical approach, one can overcome the breakdown of diagrammatic perturbation theory for the multi-legged amplitudes associated with these operators. These results provide a concrete illustration of the systematic large charge expansion discussed in the previous parts.
Model Predictive Control of Modular Multilevel Converters Using Quadratic Programming

The finite control set-model predictive control (FCS-MPC) has been adopted as an excellent choice for the applications of multilevel converters during the last two decades for its salient performance. However, in the case of modular multilevel converters (MMCs), a high amount of calculation is always involved in the implementation, making the FCS-MPC less suitable especially for an MMC with a high number of submodules. To cope with the issue, this article proposes an MPC technique for the MMC with a very low calculation cost. In each sampling period, the arm voltage references of each phase are determined analytically by solving a constrained quadratic programming problem formulated from the cost function. Both a rigorous and simplified procedure is provided to solve the optimization problem. Then, the four nearest candidates around the arm voltage references are evaluated, leading to a proper selection of arm voltage levels. Several experimental tests on an MMC prototype are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that compared with the conventional FCS-MPC method which evaluates all voltage-level combinations, the proposed scheme presents an apparent advantage in terms of calculation cost while achieving similar performance.
Value of innovation to enhance marketing performance (clarification)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze value of innovation as the role mediating in the relationship between NPD Innovation and NPD Performance, and also to clarified in Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. We proposed value of innovation basis on shariah as mediating role in this study developed from diffusion of innovations theory. The questionnaires will be given to only the managers of the board of shariah micro finance in Pekalongan and Banyumas, Indonesia with total 171 responden from 27 LKMS (Baitul Maal wa Tamwil, Baitul Tamwil, Kospin Jasa Shariah, and KSPP Shariah). Value of innovation basis on shariah significantly affect to marketing performance. Research limited in first order, future research can examined in second order research. LKMS adapted value of innovation basis on shariah to get product launch easily. Value of innovation basis on shariah as the new variable and theory concept. Indirect, NPD Innovation positive significantly affect to marketing performance with value of innovation basis on shariah and product launch success are as mediating role.