Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Approach to Study Cement-to-Formation Bonding

It is crucial to assess the bond strength of the cement–formation interface while developing novel cements for efficient zonal isolation. An integrated method is presented to investigate the failure mechanism in cement and formation rock under downhole reservoir temperature and pressure conditions using a triaxial experimental setup. The acoustic emission count, strain, and velocity data aid in inferring the fracture process that led to the failure of a specimen. Although most specimens investigated exhibit the three dominant events of compaction, multi-cracking, and sliding, there are variations in the basic structure of each specimen. Furthermore, the insight obtained about the internal structure of the specimen points to its strength and damage tolerance, both of which are vital requirements for bonding. This method can distinguish between a standard cement and modified cement very effectively and help in pairing the appropriate cement formulation for a formation rock.
Performance and consumer satisfaction‐based bi‐level tariff scheme for EV charging as a VPP

Appropriate control of the electric vehicle (EV) charging and corresponding prices can act as a virtual power plant (VPP) and support distribution system operators (DSOs). When multiple EVs are directly managed or controlled by price, as a cluster they will act as a VPP. This work proposes a price-based VPP with a two-class EV-charging tariff while managing the charging impact on the distribution network. Similar to a generating unit, EVs that participate through a day-ahead schedule will be charged differently than EVs that do not participate in day-ahead scheduling. The objective of this work is to maximise benefits to both the DSO and the consumer. To achieve mutual benefits, in addition to power system constraints, this work incorporates the impact of consumer dissatisfaction due to delayed charging. This is achieved by modelling dissatisfaction as a function of anxiety. This work proposes an unplanned charging unit cost to ensure that both consumer welfare and DSO welfare are jointly accomplished. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the impact of limiting consumer dissatisfaction on the EV-charging load and price for charging.
Physik exotischer Magnetisierungsplateaus des frustrierten Quantenmagneten SrCu2(BO3)2

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Dimer-Phase des Shastry-Sutherland-Modells, einem geometrisch stark frustrierten Quanten-Spin-1/2-Modell, im externen Magnetfeld bei Temperatur T = 0. Die Analyse dieses Modells ist durch das Material SrCu2(BO3)2 motiviert, das gut durch das Shastry-Sutherland-Modell beschrieben wird. SrCu2(BO3)2 zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass sich beim Anlegen eines externen Feldes ungewöhnliche Magnetisierungsplateaus herausbilden. In dieser Arbeit liegt das besondere Interesse in der mikroskopischen Beschreibung der Magnetisierungsplateaus, die stark korrelierten bosonischen Mott-Isolatoren mit spontaner Symmetriebrechung entsprechen. Von theoretischer Seite werden zwei Regime für die Magnetisierung unterschieden, die auch in diese Arbeit getrennt behandelt werden. Zuerst werden die Plateaus bei niedriger Magnetisierung behandelt. Für dieses Regime sagt die etablierte Theorie Anregungen voraus, die aufgrund von starken repulsiven Wechselwirkungen zu kristallinen Phasen lokalisieren. Für mittlere Magnetisierungen formen sich hingegen sogenannte Streifen-Strukturen. Diskrepanzen zwischen Theorie und Experiment werden in dieser Arbeit aufgelöst, indem zunächst ein geometrisch reduziertes System, die Shastry-Sutherland-4Bein-Röhre, betrachtet wird. Für dieses System wird perturbativ ein effektives Modell zu hoher Ordnung abgeleitet und mit einer klassischen Näherung sowie exakten Diagonalisierungen gelöst. Ein Vergleich mit der Dichte-Matrix-Renormierungs-Gruppe zeigt, dass Diskrepanzen nicht durch das effektive Modell induziert werden, sondern von der Vernachlässigung der exotischen Kinetik des effektiven Modells in der klassischen Näherung herrühren. Unsere Ergebnisse deuten auf eine Erweiterung des etablierten Bildes der Magnetisierungsplateaus hin, dass auch von variationellen Methoden im zweidimensionalen Modell für niedrige Magnetisierungen bestätigt wird. Da im System starke korrelierte Hüpfprozesse vorliegen, kann es zu einer Bindung der Teilchen im System kommen. Dies erklärt unseren Befund auf der 4-Bein-Röhre, das gebundene Zwei-Teilchen-Zustände zu kommensurablen Phasen lokalisieren. Unsere Ergebnisse für die 4-Bein-Röhre lassen sich für 1/8 MSat und 1/4 MSat unmittelbar auf das zweidimensionale Modell übertragen. Für 1/4 MSat finden wir durch korreliertes Hüpfen stabilisierte, semi-klassische Streifen-Strukturen, analog zum zweidimensionalen Modell. Der zweite Teil dieser Arbeit behandelt das zweidimensionale System im Bereich mittlerer Magnetisierung zwischen 1/4MSat und 1/2MSat, indem ein störungstheoretischer Ansatz zur Beschreibung von Streifen-Strukturen bei endlicher Magnetisierung konstruiert wird. Die Methode erlaubt es die Energie und die Anregungslücken des Systems bei endlicher Magnetisierung perturbativ zu bestimmen. Mit dieser Methode werden erfolgreich die Breiten der Plateaus mit 1/3 MSat und 1/2 MSat bestimmt, die auch direkt mit experimentellen Ergebnissen verglichen werden. Aus dem Vergleich folgt die Bestimmung von J ′/J = 0.63 für das Material SrCu2(BO3)2.
Time-frequency signatures evoked by single-pulse deep brain stimulation to the subcallosal cingulate

Precision targeting of specific white matter bundles that traverse the subcallosal cingulate (SCC) has been linked to efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treatment resistant depression (TRD). Methods to confirm optimal target engagement in this heterogenous region are now critical to establish an objective treatment protocol. As yet unexamined are the time-frequency features of the SCC evoked potential (SCC-EP), including spectral power and phase-clustering. We examined these spectral features—evoked power and phase clustering—in a sample of TRD patients (n = 8) with implanted SCC stimulators. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded during wakeful rest. Location of electrical stimulation in the SCC target region was the experimental manipulation. EEG was analyzed at the surface level with an average reference for a cluster of frontal sensors and at a time window identified by prior study (50–150 ms). Morlet wavelets generated indices of evoked power and inter-trial phase clustering. Enhanced phase clustering at theta frequency (4–7 Hz) was observed in every subject and was significantly correlated with SCC-EP magnitude, but only during left SCC stimulation. Stimulation to dorsal SCC evinced stronger phase clustering than ventral SCC. There was a weak correlation between phase clustering and white matter density. An increase in evoked delta power (2–4 Hz) was also coincident with SCC-EP, but was less consistent across participants. DBS evoked time-frequency features index mm-scale changes to the location of stimulation in the SCC target region and correlate with structural characteristics implicated in treatment optimization. Results also imply a shared generative mechanism (inter-trial phase clustering) between evoked potentials evinced by electrical stimulation and evoked potentials evinced by auditory/visual stimuli and behavioral tasks. Understanding how current injection impacts downstream cortical activity is essential to building new technologies that adapt treatment parameters to individual differences in neurophysiology.
Research Progress in J-Proteins in the Chloroplast

The J-proteins, also called DNAJ-proteins or heat shock protein 40 (HSP40), are one of the famous molecular chaperones. J-proteins, HSP70s and other chaperones work together as constitute ubiquitous types of molecular chaperone complex, which function in a wide variety of physiological processes. J-proteins are widely distributed in major cellular compartments. In the chloroplast of higher plants, around 18 J-proteins and multiple J-like proteins are present; however, the functions of most of them remain unclear. During the last few years, important progress has been made in the research on their roles in plants. There is increasing evidence that the chloroplast J-proteins play essential roles in chloroplast development, photosynthesis, seed germination and stress response. Here, we summarize recent research advances on the roles of J-proteins in the chloroplast, and discuss the open questions that remain in this field.
New Aspects of the Antioxidant Activity of Glycyrrhizin Revealed by the CIDNP Technique

Electron transfer plays a crucial role in ROS generation in living systems. Molecular oxygen acts as the terminal electron acceptor in the respiratory chains of aerobic organisms. Two main mechanisms of antioxidant defense by exogenous antioxidants are usually considered. The first is the inhibition of ROS generation, and the second is the trapping of free radicals. In the present study, we have elucidated both these mechanisms of antioxidant activity of glycyrrhizin (GL), the main active component of licorice root, using the chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) technique. First, it was shown that GL is capable of capturing a solvated electron, thereby preventing its capture by molecular oxygen. Second, we studied the effect of glycyrrhizin on the behavior of free radicals generated by UV irradiation of xenobiotic, NSAID—naproxen in solution. The structure of the glycyrrhizin paramagnetic intermediates formed after the capture of a solvated electron was established from a photo-CIDNP study of the model system—the dianion of 5-sulfosalicylic acid and DFT calculations.
Meier–Gorlin Syndrome: Clinical Misdiagnosis, Genetic Testing and Functional Analysis of ORC6 Mutations and the Development of a Prenatal Test

Meier–Gorlin syndrome (MGS) is a rare genetic developmental disorder that causes primordial proportional dwarfism, microtia, the absence of or hypoplastic patellae and other skeletal anomalies. Skeletal symptoms overlapping with other syndromes make MGS difficult to diagnose clinically. We describe a 3-year-old boy with short stature, recurrent respiratory infections, short-rib dysplasia, tower head and facial dysmorphisms who was admitted to the Tomsk Genetic Clinic to verify a clinical diagnosis of Jeune syndrome. Clinical exome sequencing revealed two variants (compound heterozygosity) in the ORC6 gene: c.2T>C(p.Met1Thr) and c.449+5G>A. In silico analysis showed the pathogenicity of these two mutations and predicted a decrease in donor splicing site strength for c.449+5G>A. An in vitro minigene assay indicated that variant c.449+5G>A causes complete skipping of exon 4 in the ORC6 gene. The parents requested urgent prenatal testing for MGS for the next pregnancy, but it ended in a miscarriage. Our results may help prevent MGS misdiagnosis in the future. We also performed in silico and functional analyses of ORC6 mutations and developed a restriction fragment length polymorphism and haplotype-based short-tandem-repeat assay for prenatal genetic testing for MGS. These findings should elucidate MGS etiology and improve the quality of genetic counselling for affected families.
A High-efficiency Trim Method for CFD Numerical Calculation of Helicopter Rotors

In order to resolve the trimming difficulty in rotor CFD calculations, a high-efficiency and improved “delta trim method” is established to compute the blade control settings that are necessary to identify the blade motion. In this method, a simplified model which combines the blade element theory and different inflow models is employed to calculate the control settings according to the target aerodynamic forces, then it is coupled into a CFD solver with unsteady Navier-Stokes equations by the delta methodology, which makes the control settings and aerodynamics calculated and updated in the meantime at every trim cycle. Different from the previous work, the current research combines the inflow model based on prescribed wake theory. Using the method established, the control settings and aerodynamic characteristics of Helishape 7A, AH-1G and Caradonna-Tung rotors are calculated. The influence of different inflow models on trimming calculations is analyzed and the computational efficiency of the current “delta trim method” is compared with that of the “CFD-based trim method”. Furthermore, for the sake of improving the calculation efficiency, a novel acceleration factor method is introduced to accelerate the trimming process. From the numerical cases, it is demonstrated that the current “delta trim method” has higher computational efficiency than “CFD-based trim method” in both hover and forward flight, and up to 70% of the amount of calculation can be saved by current “delta trim method” which turns out to be satisfactory for engineering applications. In addition, the proposed acceleration factor shows a good ability to accelerate the trim procedure, and the prescribed wake inflow model is always of better stability than other simple inflow models whether the acceleration factor is utilized in trimming calculations.
New Prospective Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Phosphorylated Oxazole Derivatives in Treatment of Hypertension

Purpose: One of the promising chemical groups for the development of new antihypertensive medicines, the action of which is associated with the inhibition of phosphodiesterase III (PDE3) activity, are phosphorylated oxazole derivatives (OVPs). This study aimed to prove experimentally the presence of the OVPs antihypertensive effect associated with decreasing of PDE activity and to justify its molecular mechanism. Methods: An experimental study of the effect of OVPs on phosphodiesterase activity was performed on Wistar rats. Determination of PDE activity was performed by fluorimetric method using umbelliferon in blood serum and organs. The docking method was used to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms of the antihypertensive action of OVPs with PDE3. Results: The introduction of OVP-1 50 mg/kg, as a leader compound, led to the restoration of PDE activity in the aorta, heart and serum of rats with hypertension to the values observed in the intact group. This may indicate the possibility of the development of vasodilating action of OVPs by the influence of the latter on the increase in cGMP synthesis due to inhibition of PDE activity. The calculated results of molecular docking of ligands OVPs to the active site of PDE3 showed that all test compounds have a common type of complexation due to phosphonate groups, piperidine rings, side and terminal phenyl and methylphenyl groups. Conclusion: The analysis of the obtained results both in vivo and in silico showed that phosphorylated oxazole derivatives represent a new platform for further studies as phosphodiesterase III inhibitors with antihypertensive activity.
The concise encyclopedia of statistics : with 247 tables

A. - Acceptance Region. - Accuracy. - Algorithm. - Alternative hypothesis. - Analysis of binary data. - Analysis of categorical data. - Analysis of residuals. - Analysis of variance. - Anderson Oskar. - Anderson Theodore W. - Anderson-Darling test. - Arithmetic mean. - Arithmetic triangle. - ARMA models. - Arrangement. - Attributable risk. - Autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation. - Avoidable risk.
Evaluation and Obstacle Analysis of Emergency Response Capability in China

Emergency response capability evaluation is an essential means to strengthen emergency response capacity-building and improve the level of government administration. Based on the whole life cycle of emergency management, the emergency capability evaluation index system is constructed from four aspects: prevention and emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning, emergency response and rescue, and recovery and reconstruction. Firstly, the entropy method is applied to measure the emergency response capability level of 31 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2020. Second, the Theil index and ESDA (Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis) are applied in exploring the regional differences and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of China’s emergency response capacity. Finally, the obstacle degree model is used to explore the obstacle factors and obstacle degrees that affect the emergency response capability. The results show that: (1) The average value of China’s emergency response capacity is 0.277, with a steady growth trend and a gradient distribution of “high in the east, low in the west, and average in center and northeast” in the four major regions. (2) From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics, the unbalanced regional development leads to the obvious aggregation effect of “high-efficiency aggregation and low-efficiency aggregation”, and the interaction of the “centripetal effect” and “centrifugal effect” finally forms the spatial clustering result of emergency response capability level in China. (3) Examining the source of regional differences, inter-regional differences are the decisive factor affecting the overall differences in emergency response capability, and the inter-regional differences show a reciprocating fluctuation of narrowing–widening–narrowing from 2011 to 2020. (4) Main obstacles restricting the improvement of China’s emergency response capabilities are “the business volume of postal and telecommunication services per capita”, “the daily disposal capacity of city sewage” and “the general public budget revenue by region”. The extent of the obstacles’ impacts in 2020 are 12.19%, 7.48%, and 7.08%, respectively. Based on the evaluation results, the following countermeasures are proposed: to realize the balance of each stage of emergency management during the holistic process; to strengthen emergency coordination and balanced regional development; and to implement precise measures to make up for the shortcomings of emergency response capabilities.
Composite Learning Robot Control With Friction Compensation: A Neural Network-Based Approach

Friction is one of the significant obstacles that hinders high-performance robot tracking control because accurate friction modeling and effective compensation are challenging issues. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose a modified neural network (NN) structure with additional jump approximation activation functions to model the inherent discontinuous friction in robotic systems, this structure allows us to improve the NN approximation accuracy without using too many NN nodes. The modeling accuracy is theoretically guaranteed by a composite learning technique, it explores both online historical data and instantaneous data to achieve NN weight convergence under a much weaker interval-excitation condition than the stringent persistent-excitation condition. Furthermore, a partitioned NN technique is used to handle a problem caused by variable substitution when formulating the prediction error for composite learning. This technique also helps us to alleviate the requirements regarding the inertial matrix inversion and joint acceleration signals. The practical exponential stability of the closed-loop system is proved under the more realizable interval-excitation condition. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.
Disclosing an In-Frame Deletion of the Titin Gene as the Possible Predisposing Factor of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report

Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy has been noted as a non-neglectable issue in the field of clinical oncology. Remarkable progress has been achieved in searching for inherited susceptible genetic deficits underlying anthracycline cardiotoxicity in the past several years. In this case report, we present the preliminary results of a genetic study in a young male patient who was treated with standard dose anthracycline-based chemotherapy for his acute myeloid leukemia and attacked by acute congestive heart failure after just two courses of therapy. After a survey of 76 target genes, an in-frame deletion of the titin gene was recognized as the most possible genetic defect responsible for his cardiomyopathy caused by anthracycline. This defect proved to pass down from the patient′s mother and did not exist in seven unrelated chemotherapy-treated cancer patients without chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy and four other healthy volunteer DNA donors.
Depth of penetration of a 785nm wavelength laser in food powders

Raman spectroscopy is a useful, rapid, and non-destructive method for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation of chemical composition. However it is important to measure the depth of penetration of the laser light to ensure that chemical particles at the very bottom of a sample volume is detected by Raman system. The aim of this study was to investigate the penetration depth of a 785nm laser (maximum power output 400mw) into three different food powders, namely dry milk powder, corn starch, and wheat flour. The food powders were layered in 5 depths between 1 and 5 mm overtop a Petri dish packed with melamine. Melamine was used as the subsurface reference material for measurement because melamine exhibits known and identifiable Raman spectral peaks. Analysis of the sample spectra for characteristics of melamine and characteristics of milk, starch and flour allowed determination of the effective penetration depth of the laser light in the samples. Three laser intensities (100, 200 and 300mw) were used to study the effect of laser intensity to depth of penetration. It was observed that 785nm laser source was able to easily penetrate through every point in all three food samples types at 1mm depth. However, the number of points that the laser could penetrate decreased with increasing depth of the food powder. ANOVA test was carried out to study the significant effect of laser intensity to depth of penetration. It was observed that laser intensity significantly influences the depth of penetration. The outcome of this study will be used in our next phase of study to detect different chemical contaminants in food powders and develop quantitative analysis models for detection of chemical contaminants.
Advancement and Challenges of Biosensing Using Field Effect Transistors

Field-effect transistors (FETs) have become eminent electronic devices for biosensing applications owing to their high sensitivity, faster response and availability of advanced fabrication techniques for their production. The device physics of this sensor is now well understood due to the emergence of several numerical modelling and simulation papers over the years. The pace of advancement along with the knowhow of theoretical concepts proved to be highly effective in detecting deadly pathogens, especially the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein of the coronavirus with the onset of the (coronavirus disease of 2019) COVID-19 pandemic. However, the advancement in the sensing system is also accompanied by various hurdles that degrade the performance. In this review, we have explored all these challenges and how these are tackled with innovative approaches, techniques and device modifications that have also raised the detection sensitivity and specificity. The functional materials of the device are also structurally modified towards improving the surface area and minimizing power dissipation for developing miniaturized microarrays applicable in ultra large scale integration (ULSI) technology. Several theoretical models and simulations have also been carried out in this domain which have given a deeper insight on the electron transport mechanism in these devices and provided the direction for optimizing performance.