Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF MULTICURRENCY REGIME ON FINANCIAL REPORTING

The research sought to examine literature on the impact of Multicurrency regime on financial reporting. The research findings showed that, during the Multicurrency regime firms saw financial reporting becoming a challenge due to shifts in government policies which preclude them from reporting in accordance with prescribed standards such as IAS 21, failure to attract skilled staff with foreign currency exposure experience as well as failure to acquire multicurrency system tailored software. The research findings further established the best industry practises that firms can use, in case redollarization occurs in future. The study recommends firms to establish seminars and training programmes for the workforce carry out multicurrency diversification to hedge risks, make use of multicurrency programs to track exposure, consult regulatory boards and foreign currency specialists, and approach the government to work hand in hand when making monetary policies.
A Review: Radioactive Microspheres as a Theranostics

Microspheres as a drug delivery system hold great promise in reaching the goal of controlled drug delivery as well as site specific delivery. In the last few decades, scientific and technological advancements have been made in the research and development of radio labeled microspheres. These are used successfully for the treatment of various cancers and tumors. Since response to chemotherapy and external radiotherapy is not so effective and hazardous too, so an alternative to this is internal radiation therapy. These radio labeled microspheres are very stable and have a proven efficacy in the field of primary as well as metastatic cancers. Radioactive microspheres can be selectively targeted to various tumors without undue radiation to the non tumorous tissues. The radioactive microspheres are injected to halt tumor growth via the blood supply, thereby enabling surgical removal once the tumor size decreases. This review provides an outlook to various aspects of radioactive microspheres and their role in treatment of various tumors and cancers.
NbN and NbTiN Hot Electron Bolometer THz Mixers

The thesis reports the development of Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB) mixers for radio astronomy heterodyne receivers in THz frequency range. Part of this work is the fabrication of HEB devices, which are based on NbN or NbTiN superconducting thin films (≤5 nm). They are integrated with wideband spiral or double-slot planar antennas. The mixer chips are incorporated into a quasi-optical receiver. The experimental part of this work focuses on the characterization of the receiver as a whole, and the HEB mixers as a part. Double side band receiver noise temperature and the IF bandwidth are reported for frequencies from 0.7 THz up to 2.6 THz. The spectrum of the direct response of HEB integrated with dierent antennas are measured using Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). The effect of the bolometer size on total receiver performance and the LO power requirements is also discussed. A high-yield and reliable process for fabrication of NbN HEB mixers have been achieved. Over 100 devices with different bolometer geometry, film property and also different antennas have been fabricated and measured. The measured data enables us to discuss the impact of different parameters to the receiver overall performance. This work has provided NbN HEB mixers to the following receivers: TREND (Terahertz REceiver with NbN HEB Device) operating at 1.25-1.5 THz, installed in AST/RO Submillimeter Wave Telescope, Amundsen/Scott South Pole Station, in 2002-2003. Band 6-low (1.410-1.700 THz) and 6-high (1.700-1.920 THz) of the HIFI (Heterodyne Instrument for Far Infra-red) in the Herschel Space Observatory, due to launch in 2007 by ESA (European Space Agency). Besides, there has been continuous efforts to develop better models to explain the mixer performance more accurately. They are based on two temperature model for electrons and phonons and solving one-dimensional heat balance equations along the bolometer. The principles of these models are illustrated and the calculated results are compared with measured data.
Avian Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses in Chickens in Retail Poultry

Phylogenetic analysis of influenza viruses collected during December 2009–February 2010 from chickens in live poultry retail shops in Lahore, Pakistan, showed influenza A(H9N2) lineage polymerase and nonstructural genes gen-erate through inter- and intrasubtypic reassortments. Many amino acid signatures observed were characteristic of human isolates; hence, their circulation could enhance inter-or intrasubtypic reassortment.
Resistin-like Molecule β Acts as a Mitogenic Factor in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension via Ca2+ dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPKs Signaling Pathway

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells(PASMCs) proliferation plays a crucial role in Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension(HPH). Previous studies have found that Resistin-like molecule β(RELM-β) up-regulated de novo in response to hypoxia in cultured primary human PASMCs(HASMCs). RELM-β has been proved to promote PASMCs proliferation and involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling of patients with PAH. However, the expression pattern, the effects, and the mechanisms of RELM-β in HPH keep unknown. METHODS: We assessed the expression pattern, mitogenetic effect, and underlying mechanism of RELM-β in the rat HPH model and HASMCs. RESULTS: Overexpression of RELM-β alone caused the hemodynamic change in the rat model of HPH, similar to that caused by chronic hypoxia, with increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP), right ventricle hypertrophy(RVSP), and thickening of small pulmonary arterioles. Knocking down of RELM-β partially blocked the increased mPAP, RVSP, and vascular remodeling induced by hypoxia. Phosphorylated PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPKs proteins were significantly up- or down-regulated by RELM-β gene overexpression or silencing. Recombinant RELM-β protein increase primary cultured human PASMCs intracellular Ca 2+ concentration and promote HASMCs proliferation. The mitogenic effect of RELM-β on HASMCs and phosphorylated PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPKs was suppressed by Ca 2+ inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that RELM-β acts as a cytokine-like growth factor in the development of HPH and that this process is likely mediated by the Ca 2+ dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPKs pathway. Keywords : hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension; resistin-like molecule β; Ca 2+ ; pulmonary vascular remodeling; signaling pathway
MiR-335 is required for differentiation of malignant glioma cells induced by activation of cAMP/PKA pathway

Glioma is the most common malignant cancer affecting the central nerve system, with dismal prognosis. Differentiation-inducing therapy is a novel strategy that has been preliminarily proved effective against malignant glioma. Previously we reported that activation of cAMP/ protein kinase A (PKA) pathway is capable of inducing glioma cell differentiation, characterized by astrocyte-like shape and dramatic astrocyte biomarker-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) induction. However, little progress has been made on molecular mechanisms related. Here we demonstrate that miR-335 is responsible for the glioma cell differentiation stimulated by activation of cAMP/PKA pathway. In the cAMP elevator cholera toxin-induced differentiation model of rat C6 glioma cells, miR-335 was significantly up-regulated, which was mimicked by other typical cAMP/PKA pathway activators forskolin, dbcAMP and abolished by PKA specific inhibitor KT5720. In a gain and loss of miR-335 function assay, exogenetic miR-335 resulted in induction of GFAP, while miR-335 specific inhibitor antagomir-335 violently blocked the cholera toxin-induced GFAP up-regulation. Importantly, in human U87-MG glioma cells and human primary culture glioma cells, miR-335 also mediated cholera toxin-induced differentiation. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-335 is potently required for differentiation of malignant glioma cells induced by cAMP/PKA pathway activation and one single microRNA may act as an important fate determinant to control the differentiation status of malignant gliomas, which has provided a new insight into the differentiation-inducing therapy against malignant gliomas.
Transposon Tn 7 Directs Transposition into the Genome of Filamentous Bacteriophage M13 Using the Element-Encoded TnsE Protein (cid:1)

The bacterial transposon Tn 7 has a pathway of transposition that preferentially targets conjugal plasmids. We propose that this same transposition pathway recognizes a structure or complex found during ﬁlamentous bacteriophage replication, likely by targeting negative-strand synthesis. The ability to insert into both plasmid and bacteriophage DNAs that are capable of cell-to-cell transfer would help explain the wide distribution of Tn 7 relatives. Tn 7 is a 14-kb bacterial transposon that only activates its transposition machinery when speciﬁc targets are found in the cell (reviewed in references 5 and 19). Tn 7 can use two transposition pathways that recognize different types of target sites with distinct but overlapping sets of transposon-encoded proteins, TnsA, TnsB, TnsC, TnsD, and TnsE (TnsABCDE). The TnsABC proteins constitute the core transposition machinery that normally interacts with one of the two target site-selecting proteins, TnsD or TnsE, to carry out transposition. Transposition with the TnsABC (cid:1) D proteins catalyzes Tn 7 transposition into a single site found in Escherichia coli and a wide variety of other bacteria, called the attachment site ( attTn7 ). TnsD is a sequence-speciﬁc DNA binding protein that recognizes a sequence in the C-terminal-encoding portion of glmS but directs transposition events into the attTn7 site in the
Biological and Clinical Effects of the Combination of ÃŸ-and 7-Interferons Administered as a 5-Day Continuous Infusion1

A phase I trial involving continuous infusion of both ÃŸ-and -y-interferon (IFN-/9 and IFN-7) was conducted in 20 patients in order to determine whether combinations of high doses of IFN-/3 and Ir-'. V-ywere tolerable when administered under conditions which mimic conditions of in vitro antiproliferative studies. Patients received a 5-day continuous infusion of IFN-/3/IFN-7, followed by a 9-day rest period. Two cycles were admin istered. Doses of IFN-/9/IFN-7 were escalated between 4 dose levels, with 5 patients per dose level. Dose-dependent side effects, consisting primarily of constitutional symptoms typical of those experienced with IFN, were observed. The maximally tolerated dose of continuous IFN-/9/IFN-7 infusion was 3 x Id" units of IFN-/8 and 200 Â«tgof IFN-7. Dose-limiting side effects consisted of severe headache, fatigue, fever, and hepatic toxicity. No clinical responses were observed. Serum IFN was measurable only at highest 3 dose levels. Only 5 patients (4 at the highest dose level) had total serum levels which exceeded 50 laboratory units/ml (55, 63, 800, 800, and 550 laboratory units/ml, respectively). In order to confirm the biological effectiveness of this schedule, we measured IFN-inducible proteins prior to therapy, 24 h after the initiation of the infusion, and at the completion of the 5-day infusion. 2'-5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase, serum /? 2-microglobulin, neopterin, and p78 levels all increased significantly, and serum tryptophan decreased signif icantly within 24 h after the initiation of treatment (/>< 0.0001). A dose-response effect was observed for serum ft-microglobulin, neopterin, and p78 (P < 0.02). We retrospectively compared the results of this trial with those of another IFN-/3/IFN-7 trial in which IFN-0 and IFN-7 were administered by i.v. bolus. Within the limitations of a retrospective comparison, continuous infusion was less well tolerated than our previous schedule of bolus administration 3 times/week. However, the continuous infusion schedule appeared to be more effective in enhancing 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase levels in mononuclear cells. We conclude that tolerable doses of IFN-0 and IK.V-y do not result in serum IFN levels which produce significant synergistic antiproliferative responses in vitro. This study and other findings suggest that, unless higher doses can be achieved, combi nations of IFN-/8 and IK\-T are unlikely to have significant therapeutic activity. of a dose effect existed, comparisons of combined doses were adjusted for dose using multiple regression analysis.
Least-Squares Estimation of the in the Narrow-Band Music Extrema Data

Abstraeit 71he aim ofthis study is to estimate the inaximum and minimum dota qlCthe 10-channel mmsic wavql? )rms, each ofwhich contains the spectro-tenu)oral inj2)rmation with a pass-band ofone octave at a conventional rate of44. 1 kth. 7Vie least-squares estimation
Bile Acid Receptor Agonist GW4064 Regulates PPAR (cid:1) Coactivator-1 (cid:2) Expression Through Estrogen Receptor-Related Receptor (cid:2)

(cid:2) (PGC-1 (cid:2) is a key regulator of energy homeostasis. This makes PGC-1 (cid:2) an attractive therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In our effort to identify new regulators of PGC-1 (cid:2) expression, we found that GW4064, a widely used synthetic agonist for the nuclear bile acid receptor [farnesoid X receptor (FXR)] strongly enhances PGC-1 (cid:2) promoter reporter activity, mRNA, and protein expression. This induction in PGC-1 (cid:2) concomitantly enhances mitochondrial mass and expression of several PGC-1 (cid:2) target genes involved in mitochondrial function. Using FXR- rich or FXR- nonexpressing cell lines and tissues, we found that this effect of GW4064 is not mediated directly by FXR but occurs via activation of estrogen receptor-related receptor (cid:2) (ERR (cid:2) ). Cell-based, biochemical and biophysical assays indicate GW4064 as an agonist of ERR proteins. Interestingly, FXR disruption alters GW4064 induction of PGC-1 (cid:2) mRNA in a tissue-dependent manner. Using FXR- null [FXR knockout (FXRKO)] mice, we determined that GW4064 induction of PGC-1 (cid:2) expression is not affected in oxidative soleus muscles of FXRKO mice but is compromised in the FXRKO liver. Mechanistic studies to explain these differ-ences revealed that FXR physically interacts with ERR and protects them from repression by the atypical corepressor, small heterodimer partner in liver. Together, this interplay between ERR (cid:2) -FXR-PGC-1 (cid:2) andsmallheterodimerpartneroffersnewinsightsintothebiologicalfunctionsofERR (cid:2) andFXR, thus providing a knowledge base for therapeutics in energy balance-related pathophysiology.
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY AGAINST BUR6 A SUBUNIT OF NC2 COMPLEX INVOLVED IN CANDIDA ALBICANS DRUG RESISTANCES

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen having clinical importance as it causing oral, vaginal or systemic infections in immuno-compromized patients, such as HIV+, cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and patients went through organ transplant. Cases of Candida infection dramatically increased due to emergence of drug resistance against antifungal drugs. Previously it was reported that Ncb2 the subunit of NC2 Complex is involved in drug resistance mechanism but the role of Bur6 which is another subunit of NC2 complex is still unknown. To identify the role of Bur6 in Candida drug resistance, complete ORF of Bur6 was cloned and expressed in pET28a vector. Purification of Bur6 protein was performed and polyclonal anti sera against full length Bur6 were raised in Mouse model and further experiments performed to characterize role of Bur6 protein.
Evaluation of a Flipped Classroom in Structural Steel Design

Dr. Brian J. Smith, Ph.D., P.E. , is an associate teaching professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences (CEEES) at the University of Notre Dame. He is also a concurrent associate teaching professor in the School of Architecture (SoA) at Notre Dame. Dr. Smith teaches structural design courses within CEEES and SoA, as well as introductory engineering courses through the common First-Year Engineering (FYE) program. He was a recipient of the 2018 Rev. Edmund P. Joyce, C.S. C. , Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching which recognizes faculty members who have a profound influence on undergraduate students through sustained exemplary teaching.
Product Innovation and Success of Telecommunication Companies in Nigeria

This study sought to establish the extent to which innovation affects business success of telecommunication companies in Nigeria. Specifically, the study sought to investigate the relationship between product innovation and business success. The study used descriptive correlational, comparative and cross-sectional survey designs. Data were collected from 355 respondents using self-administered questionnaires as the key data collection instruments. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, means, standard deviations, t-statistics, Pearson’s Linear Correlation coefficient, One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis. The findings revealed that product innovation and business success had a weak positive correlation. There was no significant difference in the level of innovation and business success in the telecommunication in Nigeria in respect to demographic characteristics of the employees. Recommendations based on the findings were that telecommunication companies should ensure continuous improvements in their products/services to cater for the ever changing consumer tastes and preferences, source for cheaper sources of raw materials and labour to reduce costs of production, create reputation for producing superior quality products, find ways to cut costs of operation to allow them more profits and get a competitive advantage over competitors, regularly promote products to remind, inform and arouse interests of consumers.
Antitumor effects of tetrazanbigen may be related to its interference with lipid metabolism of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Tetrazanbigen (TNBG), a novel synthetic antitumor drug, may induce the death of cancer cells through a tumor-associated lipoidosis mechanism and result in accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in the cytoplasm. In this study, the mechanism underlying the antitumor effects of TNBG was investigated in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (QGY-7701 cells). The subcellular proteome of QGY-7701 cells after TNBG treatment was isolated using an established two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) technique. Gel images were analyzed by the 2-DE PDQuest software. The differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-associated laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass (MALDI-TOF-MS) spectrometry. Two proteins of interest, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1(SREBP-1), the levels of which were significantly changed in the TNBG-treated cells, were further characterized by western blot assay. A total of 155 proteins, including 56 cytoplasm proteins, 65 membrane proteins and 34 nucleus proteins, were detected to be differentially expressed, and 33 proteins were successfully identified, of which 11 proteins were related to lipid synthesis, 4 proteins to lipid degradation and 3 proteins to lipid transport. Results from Western Blot assay were consistent with proteome analysis. The antitumor effects of TNBG may be related to its interference with lipid metabolism of cancer cells, resulting in accumulation of LDs. MTTP may be a main cause of TNBG induced accumulation of LDs.
The Problem of Distance in Digital Art History: A ResearchSpace Case Study on Sequencing Hokusai Print Impressions to Form a Human Curated Network of Knowledge

: Technology is used to compress time and space but at the cost of ‘nearness’. This means it maintains a distance and disjoint between qualitative and quantitative techniques, and therefore between humanists and technology. The knowledge representations that humanists require to investigate a given subject are not the same as those mandated by technologists and database systems more concerned with scale and the eﬀiciency of data processing and retrieval, rather than context and meaning. This perpetuates a humanist perception of information systems as either, useful but ancillary, or problematic. This paper describes an intervention that seeks to combine the qualitative with the quantitative through collaborative research, expressive structured data
Pig Manure Contamination Marker Selection Based on the Inﬂuence of Biological Treatment on the Dominant Fecal Microbial Groups (cid:1)

The objective of this study was to identify a microbial marker for pig manure contamination. We quantiﬁed the persistence of four dominant bacterial groups from the pig intestinal tract throughout manure handling at 10 livestock operations (including aerobic digestion) by using molecular typing. The partial 16S rRNA genes of Bacteroides - Prevotella , Eubacterium - Clostridiaceae , Bacillus - Streptococcus - Lactobacillus (BSL), and Biﬁdobacterium group isolates were ampliﬁed and analyzed by capillary electrophoresis single-strand conformation polymorphism. The most dominant bacterial populations were identiﬁed by cloning and sequencing their 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that Biﬁdobacterium spp. and, to a lesser extent, members of the BSL group, were less affected by the aerobic treatment than either Eubacterium - Clostridiaceae or Bacteroides - Prevotella . Two Biﬁdobacterium species found in raw manure were still present in manure during land application, suggesting that they can survive outside the pig intestinal tract and also survive aerobic treatment. The 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer of one species, Biﬁdobacterium thermacidophilum subsp. porcinum , was sequenced, and a speciﬁc pair of primers was designed for its detection in the environment. With this nested PCR assay, this potential marker was not detected in samples from 30 bovine, 30 poultry, and 28 human fecal samples or in 15 urban wastewater efﬂuents. As it was detected in runoff waters after spreading of pig manure, we propose this marker as a suitable microbial indicator of pig manure contamination.
Performance Evolutions of Velocity-Aware Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad hoc Networks

— In recent years, Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) became an attractive research target. Several protocols were proposed to facilitate the vital operations of such type of Networks. Many routing protocols have been proposed in the literature, as routing operation is considered as one of the most important procedures used in MANETs. Among the so many protocols, on-demand routing protocols are of major contribution to handle the routing operations effectively. Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing protocol (AODV) stands to provide an excellent example of the on-demand routing protocols. AODV corresponds to the unique nature of MANETs by incorporating several features for discovering and initiating paths on an on-demand fashion, reducing both control and processing overhead, providing a multi-hop routing capability and maintaining the dynamic topology. Nevertheless, many opportunities for further improvements are still possible. In this paper, we attempt to incorporate mobility-aware features along with the AODV routing protocol features so as to handle mobility encountered by mobile nodes, to improve the performance and to add some promising capabilities. Our suggested protocol computes the node mobility periodically and uses this computed value to make useful routing decisions thereafter. Simulations are done using GloMoSim 2.03 simulator. According to the results, our proposed protocol proves its superiority over the original AODV protocol in terms of the reduced overhead and the increased packet delivery ratio.