Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Advanced Mechanism for Identification Across Multiple Social Networks Review

it is common that people are users of more than one social network and their friends may also be registered on multiple websites. A facility to aggregate our online friends into a single integrated environment would enable us to keep up-to-date with our virtual contacts more easily, as well as to provide improved facility to search for users across different websites. In this paper, we propose a method to identify users based on web profile matching and further extend its effectiveness by incorporating the user’s friend network. We collect and study real-life data from two popular social networks and evaluate the importance of profile information. Machine learning algorithms are used in our experiments and we present results of pure profile-based user identification and demonstrate the benefits of incorporating the friend network in the classification process. We show that our combined method successfully identifies up to 93% of duplicated users across social networking websites.
PII: S0146-6380(98)00185-5

ÐSaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons were used to evaluate depositional redox conditions and marine photoautotroph contributions to Middle Caradocian strata of the central United States (IA). At the base of the Spechts Ferry Member of the Decorah Formation, C-enriched aryl isoprenoids, derivatives of green sulfur bacteria, become abundant, indicating the development of photic-zone anoxia. This is coincident with the disappearance of the organic-walled microfossil Gloeocapsomorpha prisca and a marked decrease in the relative abundances of cyanobacterial biomarkers. The development of dysoxic to anoxic conditions and/or associated changes in basin circulation potentially aected the distributions and abundances of these organisms. In the overlying Guttenberg Member, G. priscaderived organic matter becomes dominant, but relative cyanobacteria abundances remain low. In addition, the percentage total organic carbon is greater than 20%, even though selected biomarker ratios (pristane/phytane ratios greater than 3, and homohopane indices less than 0.5) and the presence of bioturbation indicate that bottom waters were oxygenated. It is suggested that deposition of G. prisca aected both organic matter preservation and depositional redox conditions. Observed variations in redox indicators and marine photoautotroph contributions are associated with changes in siliciclastic deposition, reported macrofauna turnover and with evidence for oceanic cooling and a change in circulation patterns documented in the eastern United States. # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Key wordsÐbiomarkers, Gloeocapsomorpha prisca, methylhopanes, cyanobacteria, aryl isoprenoids, Ordovician, green sulfur bacteria, carbon-isotope excursion
Pre-Analysis Plan: The Politics of Identity: A Lab-in-the-Field Experiment in South Africa

This experiment unpacks the psychological payoff associated with voting for a candidate who shares one’s social identity (Akerlof and Kranton, 2000; Tajfel and Turner, 1979) by relating this expressive benefit to other parameters in the voter’s utility function, such as expectations about public and private goods. Specifically, the experiment assesses how voters from different ethnic identities in South Africa, particularly Zulu and Xhosa voters, are willing to make trade-offs between these different payoffs when presented with the opportunity to cast a ballot for either a candidate who shares their identity or one who aligns with policy preferences. While other studies have sought to tease apart the expressive from the economic benefit of identity voting (Carlson, Forthcoming), this experiment focuses on precisely measuring a voter’s willingness to make trade-offs between these different payoffs when choosing between two candidates, thereby measuring the voter’s prioritization of expressive voting when other policy considerations are at stake. The experiment makes an additional contribution by measuring the emotional response of voting along or counter to identity lines both physiologically and according to survey self-reporting of emotions. This is a lab-in-the-field experiment that will take place in Vosloros Library in Soweto using 36 iPads. There will be a pre-survey just before the experiment which will establish policy preferences and covariate information, then subjects will be assigned roles as either candidates or voters and then voting will take place.
An Aware Technique of Energy-Aware for Task Consolidation in Cloud Computing

Task consolidation can be considered as a strategy to maximize the availability of cloud computing resources, which includes many benefits, including: a. better use of resources; b. resource maintenance in a rational way; c. customization of the IT service (IT), d. Reliable Services, e. QoS (Quality of Service) and etc. However, maximizing the rates of use and utilization of tasks does not mean efficient use of energy. Many studies show that energy consumption and the use of resources in the cloud paradigm are largely interdependent and relevant together. Some studies have attempted to reduce the resource utilization rate in the cloud paradigm to reduce energy consumption, while others have tried to create a balance between resource utilization rates and energy consumption. In this paper, a task consolidation technique with ability of energy-aware task consolidation (ETC) will be presented that its aims is to optimize energy consumption in the virtual cluster placed on the data center. Many cloud systems have shown that 70% of CPU usage is spent on managing task consolidation among virtual clusters. Simulation results show that the ETC technique can significantly reduce energy consumption from managing task consolidation for cloud systems. Using this technique, it is possible to achieve a 17% improvement in energy consumption, compared to a recent study, aimed at maximizing the rate of resource use.
Applying Genetic Algorithm for Prioritization of Test Case Scenarios Derived fromUML State chart Diagrams

Software testing is an important part of the software development process. Testcase generation is the center of testing process. To decrease the cost of software testing and to increase the reliability of the testing processes, a new method has been created to automate the testing process. Different UML diagrams include various important pieces of information that can be successfully used in a testing procedure.This paper proposes a new approach to prioritize test case scenarios by identifying the critical path clusters using genetic algorithm. The test case scenarios are derived from the UML state chart diagrams. The testing efficiency is optimized by applying the genetic algorithm on the test data. The information flow metric adopted in this work for calculating the information flow complexity associated with each node of state chart diagram.The state chart diagram is converted into an intermediate graph called as State Dependency Graph (SDG) for test case generation.If the software requirements change, the software needs to be modified. Hence, to take care of requirements change, a stack based approach for assigning weights to the nodes of state chart diagram has also been proposed.
Follow the crowd: Social information and crowdfunding donations in a large field experiment

Purposely guiding human decision making with a discrete suggestion, â€˜nudgingâ€™, is increasingly popular. One particularly promising nudge is to provide decision makers with information about the decisions of others, also referred to as social information. Social information is often applied in fundraising campaigns to increase individual donations. A discrete suggestion such as the donation amount of others can result in donors donating similar amounts. We examined effects of social information in a relatively new context, namely crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is a new online fundraising tool. Our study, based on a large natural field experiment (n = 24,070), tests to what extent social information affects online donation behavior and how its effects vary throughout the duration of a campaign. We show that social information increases the individual donation amount by 17%, which is close to the average of 14% found in previous studies. However, social information did not attract more donors: the participation rate was not affected. Our study is the first to pinpoint the stage of the funding campaign at which the effect of social information is most pronounced. We found that social information is most effective in increasing donations at the beginning of crowdfunding campaigns. All materials for this article are available at https://osf.io/epuj6/.
Theory-Motivated Design for Developing Privacy Nudges

Using digital technologies, various data traces are left behind for collection, storage and analysis. Potential risks that the availability of personal information entails, like the vulnerability to discrimination, commercial exploitation and unwanted monitoring, is ubiquitous. Hence, modern IT systems are needed that ensure employees' privacy and informational self-determination. One mechanism to achieve this is the implementation of privacy nudges in modern working systems. Nudging is a mechanism to influence decisions in a predictable way. In this context, privacy nudging concepts should influence employees` behavior in digital working environments in such a way that they make more data protection-friendly decisions. In this research project I am focusing on building an integrative understanding of effective nudging in privacy-related decisions. From this, design knowledge for better privacy nudges in digital work systems should be derived, which can pave the way for more privacy-sensitive IT systems. Successfully implemented privacy nudges can increase acceptance, trust and usage of modern IT-systems. Privacy sensitive IT-systems can then constitute a competitive advantage for the company. On the side of society, informational self-determination can be ensured and the potential risks that the availability of personal information entails can be reduced.
ChunkedTejas

Research in computer architecture is commonly done using software simulators. The simulation speed of such simulators is therefore critical to the rate of progress in research. One of the less commonly used ways to increase the simulation speed is to decompose the benchmark’s execution into contiguous chunks of instructions and simulate these chunks in parallel. Two issues arise from this approach. The first is of correctness, as each chunk (other than the first chunk) starts from an incorrect state. The second is of performance: The decomposition must be done in such a way that the simulation of all chunks finishes at nearly the same time, allowing for maximum speedup. In this article, we study these two aspects and compare three different chunking approaches (two of them are novel) and two warmup approaches (one of them is novel). We demonstrate that average speedups of up to 5.39X can be achieved (while employing eight parallel instances), while constraining the error to 0.2% on average.
The serpent and the egg: unidirectional evolution of reproductive mode in vipers?

Dollo s law, that complex characters are not regained in evolution, is a pattern applied to many systems. Recent work has evaluated unidirectional evolution in a number of contexts, and several violations of this law have been documented. These methods have also been criticized for potentially overestimating reversals. We test the hypothesis that the ancestral reproductive mode of oviparity can be regained in vipers, in opposition to Dollo s law. We use model comparison and ancestral character state reconstruction methods that address recent criticisms, and find evidence both supporting and refuting Dollo s predictions from different analyses. We discuss our results in the context of unidirectional evolution and review factors required for strong inference of violations of Dollo s law.
Variability in the structure of epiphytic assemblages of in relation to human interferences in the Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia

1 In this study we evaluate whether the pattern of spatial variability of the macro-epiphytes 2 assemblages of leaves of Posidonia oceanica differed in relation to anthropogenic 3 interference in the Gulf of Gabes (southern coast of Tunisia). A hierarchical sampling design 4 was used to compare epiphytic assemblages at 5m depth in terms of abundance and spatial 5 variability at disturbed and control locations. The results indicate that the biomass and mean 6 percentage cover decreased at locations near the point of sewage outlet in comparison to 7 control locations. These losses were related to the distance from the source of disturbance. 8 This study revealed that the diversity is reduced in disturbed locations by the loss of biomass 9 and the mean percentage cover , explained by means of a multiple-stressor model which plays 10 an important role in the macro-epiphytes setting. It is urgent to propose the best management 11 plans to save the remaining P. oceanica meadow in the Gulf of Gabes and its associated 12 epiphytes. 13 14 15
Improvement of Load Balancing Infrastructure in the Cloud Computing Environment by Combining Genetic and Harmonic Search Algorithms

Including challenges in cloud computing systems is the load balancing problem, or resources allocations to system requests. Several reasons have caused this issue as a matter of NP-complete finds including, the heterogeneity and dynamism of the properties of resources and requests in the cloud computing environment. In this paper, an exponential approach called GA-HS is proposed to find a suitable solution for mapping a set of requests to resources in the system, with regards to conditions of the cloud computing system. During the course algorithm that runs as parallel to requests and resources categorized, Various operations, such as the creation of an initial population with the combination of effective features of the genetic algorithm and Harmony Search Algorithm methods, purposefully and with regard to the suitability of the source condition, the process of finding the response speeds up and controls the direction of implementation. The purpose of this algorithm is to apply the appropriate and parameters techniques at each stage in order to balance the load in the resources, for reduce the makespan time, and increase the speedup rate than the other algorithms.
Towards the antimicrobial, therapeutic and invasive properties of Mikania micrantha Knuth: a brief overview

Plant-derivatives impose a huge momentum in the field of medical science lately due to their wide-spectrum therapeutic attributes. Owing to the emerging drug resistance and hazardous sideeffect of synthetic drugs, phytochemicals are now coming into play as a source of new and effective therapeutics. Mikania micrantha is a medicinal plant commonly found in tropical Asian countries including Bangladesh. The pharmacological significances of this plant were reported earlier which include a diverse range of antimicrobial and therapeutic potencies. However, the rapid-growing nature and covering surrounding flora reckoned M. micrantha as one of the world’s most invasive weeds. Therefore, it is essential to understand if the therapeutic essence of M. micrantha outweighs its invasiveness. In this brief review, we tried to explore the biological activities of M. micrantha. The future perspectives regarding the management of its invasiveness were also highlighted in this limited scope.
low-dose antioxidant is sufficient to regulate pulmonary redox equilibration

1693 important modifications to serum creatinine criteria of the RIFLE because evidence that small increments in serum creatinine are significantly associated with adverse outcomes including mortality in a variety of clinical settings (1). However, the urine output criteria remained exactly the same. Why urine output criteria was not changed by the AKIN? This is at least partly because urine output criteria for AKI diagnosis has been less well validated compared with serum creatinine. Of note, there is little evidence validating the urine output criteria for determining the severity of AKI compared with serum creatinine (2). Urine output criteria might be influenced by diuretics and fail to detect nonoliguric AKI. In addition, urine output criteria would be so sensitive that false-positive AKI diagnosis would be easily led in some situation. Theoretically, one patient can be diagnosed as AKI twice and show recovery from AKI twice with the timeframe of 6 hrs in a single day (< 0.5 mL/kg/hr for >6 hrs). To avoid overestimation of AKI incidence, we decided to use only serum creatinine criteria in our study (3). As Dr. Bivet pointed out, evaluating new biomarkers needs a gold-standard marker (4). Can serum creatinine and urine output be real “gold standards” for AKI diagnosis? Gold standards used for diagnosis should be clinically relevant and guide management of patients in the clinical. Recently, composite outcomes including mortality, length of intensive care unit stay, and requiring dialysis (called as major adverse kidney events) have preferably been used to evaluate AKI biomarker performance. Haase and colleagues (5) reported neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin was able to predict major adverse kidney events better than serum creatinine. In our study, urinary L-type fatty acid–binding protein and neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin showed a better performance for in-hospital mortality prediction compared with serum creatinine (3). Admittedly, the RIFLE and AKIN criteria are most widely used for AKI diagnosis now and a number of validation studies confirmed their values especially on serum creatinine criteria. However, we need to develop better AKI diagnosis criteria that will be more strongly associated with hard outcomes of patients with acutely injured kidney. We would like to address that AKI biomarker research is now confronting a dilemma; development of new AKI biomarker that would be better than serum creatinine and urine output cannot be achieved as long as we depend on these old but widely used measures. The authors have not disclosed any potential conflicts of interest.
Precursors of Sudden Coronary Death

Precursors of sudden death were sought in men 1838 civil servants in Albany, New York, and 2282 residents of Framingham, Massachusetts under continuous surveillance for 16 years. In men 45-74 years old there were 234 deaths attributed to coronary heart disease (CHD) of which 109 occurred within one hour of onset of symptoms. More than half of all deaths due to CHD occurred outside the hospital and about 80Cc of these were sudden. Most were unheralded by prior symptoms of CHD. Persons at high risk of death from CHD, including sudden death, can be identified long before the terminal unexpected catastrophe. The same precursive stigmata exist in persons subject to coronary attacks whether or not immediately fatal. The risk of sudden death in these two populations was positivelv correlated with high blood pressure, the electrocardiographic pattern of left ventricular enlargement, obesity, and heavy cigarette usage. Sudden death is a common and possibly incidental expression of lethal coronary heart disease. The potential candidate for sudden death cannot be confidently distinguished from the individual who succumbs more slowvlv of myocardial infarction. The inescapable conclusion is that the prevention of sudden death requires the prevention of coronary attacks.
Glycemic Control Needs a Standard Reference Point

To the Editor: I read with1 interest the excellent and timely article by Reis Miranda and colleagues (1). Nevertheless, I am concerned that the authors and the editors permitted the use of the term functional residual capacity (FRC) to mean end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) throughout the article. As Stedman’s defines FRC, it is “the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration” (2). Thus, FRC is the lung volume from which normal tidal breathing occurs. This definition depends on the term normal as confirmed by West (3) and others (4). Normal is not the condition we manage in our ICUs. Any condition in which tidal ventilation occurs from a lung volume other than FRC is pathologic. Indeed the definition of restrictive lung disease is EELV FRC and obstructive lung disease is EELV FRC. This terminological inexactitude is no less incorrect for its wide usage, which makes a bedlam out of the semantic architecture of critical care. What is a resident to think when we tell them that lung compliance (and pulmonary vascular resistance) are optimized at FRC if we then use FRC to mean any EELV? Clearly, the lung volume from which tidal ventilation occurs is meaningless to lung mechanics if FRC, as used in the article by Reis Miranda and colleagues (1), merely means any EELV. When one implies that positive end-expiratory pressure returns the patient’s lung volume toward FRC (restores FRC) in restrictive lung diseases (EELV FRC), such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, it would have no meaning if FRC meant any EELV. FRC is a statistical variable defined by a normal population. In an individual, it is the physiologic EELV (normal relaxation volume) and describes the lung volume from which normal breathing occurs and at which compliance, resistance, and pulmonary vascular resistance are optimized (at least in theory), thus minimizing the work of ventilation perfusion matching. This is why maintenance of FRC is crucial for health. This, to some, is one goal of mechanical ventilation. Because critical care is at the threshold of the information age, this is not merely an arcane intellectual or pedantic argument. The nomenclature we use must be precise and the semantic architecture clear or our databases, which hold tremendous promise for improving how we understand critical illness, will become a Tower of Babel. FRC is a variable defining a normal lung volume, whereas abnormal EELVs describe disease. If we use these terms interchangeably and do not know their definitions, we will have created databases with “garbage in” from which meaningful data cannot be mined and knowledge discovery will be thwarted. I would encourage all authors and certainly all editors to avoid parisology and ensure precise use of medical terminology in our publications lest we confuse our students, residents, fellows, and colleagues and frustrate our ability to benefit from the promise of bounty that informatics applied to critical care offers.
Acute marijuana effects on response–reinforcer relations under multiple variable-interval schedules

Acute marijuana administration may alter response– reinforcer relationships via a change in reinforcer efficacy, but may also impair coordination and motor function. One approach to evaluating drug effects on both motor function and reinforcer efficacy involves fitting the matching law equation to data obtained under multiple variable interval (VI) schedules. The present report describes an experiment that examined the effects of acute marijuana on response properties using this approach. Six human subjects responded under a multiple VI schedule for monetary reinforcers after smoking placebo and two active doses of marijuana. The low marijuana dose produced unsystematic changes in responding. As measured by the matching law equation parameters (k and rB), at the high dose five subjects showed a decrease-motor-related properties of response rate and four subjects’ responding indicated a decrease in reinforcer efficacy. These data raise the possibility that, at high doses, marijuana administration alters both motor function and reinforcer efficacy. Behavioural Pharmacology 15:305–309 c 2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.