Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underwater video reveals decreased activity of rocky intertidal snails during high tides and cooler days

Author(s): Taylor, AW; Morgan, SG; Gravem, SA | Abstract: © 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH Nearly all of our understanding of rocky inter-tidal ecology comes from studies conducted at low tide. To study inter-tidal organisms at high tide, we anchored waterproof digital GoPro® video cameras in wave-exposed tidepools and recorded the daytime movements of the black turban snail, Tegula funebralis, over the tidal cycle between May and August 2012 near Bodega Bay, California. Overall, snails moved more quickly and presumably foraged more during low tides and on days with warmer air and perhaps water temperatures. This is similar to other ectotherms that exhibit increased metabolic rates, movement and foraging in warmer conditions. Snails also moved less during flood and high tides, may have moved downward in tidepools at flood tides, and showed evidence of reduced activity on days with larger waves. This inactivity and refuge seeking may have been a strategy to avoid dislodgment by waves. Analysis of snail trajectories showed foraging bouts indicated by alternating zig-zagging and straight movement. There was no effect of temperature, wave height, or tidal phase on distribution of snail turning angles, suggesting that they may have foraged consistently but moved faster during warm conditions and low tides, thereby grazing a larger area. This is one of few direct recordings of inter-tidal organisms on wave-exposed rocky shores during high tide. The methods used here are easily transferable to other studies, which are needed to increase our understanding of behaviors that structure rocky shore communities during high tide.
Chinese Motorcycle Penetration into Vietnam and the Existing Motorcycle Makers: A Study of Honda Company

This study explores the impacts of Chinese motorcycle emergence on local environment in Vietnam and existing motorcycle makers, particularly Honda. Grounded upon the framework of diamond of competitive advantage, the study finds that Chinese penetration in Vietnam has created more opportunities Honda can utilize in the long run than threats Honda had to overpass in the short run. Selective environment disadvantages played an important role in making pressures on Honda to engage in more sophisticated activities performed in the local country. The attempt to integrate the changes emerged from external environment with internal resources through consolidating relationship with local consumers and local suppliers can enable the firms to sustain competitive advantage over the value system.
EXISTENCE OF A SOLUTION IN AN AGE-DEPENDENT TRANSPORT-DIFFUSION PDE: A MODEL OF SETTLER

The modeling of sludge particles settling in the final stage of a waste water treatment plant may include both transport and diffusion. When the residence time of sludge particles in the settler is considered, this leads to a nonlinear age-dependent transport-diffusion partial differential equation (PDE) with nonlocal condition. We investigate the question of existence of a solution.
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial evaluation of the leaf and root extracts of Cassia alata Linn.

Phytochemical screening of the leaves and roots of Cassia alata (Linn) revealed the presence of some bioactive components, which have been linked to antimicrobial properties. The effects of water, methanol and chloroform extracts on some pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis showed that the plant parts can be used to treat infections caused by these bacteria. S. aureus, Str. pyogenes and P. mirabilis were more susceptible, while E. coli andP. aeruginosa were less sensitive. The effectiveness of the crude extracts were enhanced at elevated temperatures and at near neutrality pH values, which attests to its use in traditional medicine to treat skin, urinary tract and gastrointestinal infections. The aqueous extract was less effective than the organic solvents, thus suggesting the inability of the traditional medicine practitioners to exhaustively extract all the bioactive components with water. The MICs and MBCs of the extracts against the test bacteria were high and correlate with sensitivity test results. The effectiveness of the extracts were less than the conventional antibiotic, metronidazole. Key words: Antimicrobial bioactive, pathogenic, phytochemical, traditional medicine
Increasing Returns , Input-Output Linkages , and Technological

Firms agglomerate in one region due to increasing returns, inputoutput linkages and transportation costs. In the de-industrialised region factor prices are lower and a new technology may be profitable to adopt in that region instead, inducing a change in the technological leadership. This paper shows that the risk of locking in to an old technology is monotonically increasing in the benefits of agglomeration. Greater incompatibility between technologies also increases the risk of rejecting potentially superior manufacturing processes. ∗Department of Economics, Lund University, P.O. Box 7082, SE 220 07 Lund, Sweden. I am indebted to Fredrik Andersson, Richard Baldwin, Karolina Ekholm, Rikard Forslid, Richard Friberg, Joakim Gullstrand, Per-Magnus Lundgren, Gianmarco I. P. Ottaviano, Frédéric Robert-Nicoud, Federica Sbergami, two anonymous referees and David Genesove for many valuable suggestions. I also thank seminar participants at Lund University and the 16th Annual Congress of the European Economic Association for helpful comments. I am solely responsible for any remaining errors and shortcomings. Financial support from the Crafoord Foundation, the Foundation for Advancement of Economic Research at Lund University, the Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT) is gratefully acknowledged.
Responder behavior in three-person ultimatum game experiments

We extend the standard ultimatum game to a three person game where the proposer chooses a three-way split of a pie and two responders independently and simultaneously choose to accept or reject the proposal. We investigate whether a responder perceives the other responder as a reference person. We do this by varying the other responder’s payoff in case the responder rejects. Hence, we explore whether reciprocal behavior towards the proposer is affected by the presence of the third player. In three treatments, the third player is either negatively affected, unaffected, or positively affected by the responder’s choice to punish the proposer. We find that responders are very heterogeneous in their actions. Around one half of subjects submit strategies showing no concern for the other responder’s payoffs. Another half of the subject pool submits strategies sensitive to the distribution of the pie among all three players. Preferences for equal splitting of the pie are expressed by less than 10 percent of all responders. JEL Classification Number: A13, C72, C91, D63, Z13
Undergraduate Business Internships and Career Success: Are They Related?

This article reports the results of an investigation of the relationship between early career success and past participation in an undergraduate field internship. The study extends earlier research on the effects of formal marketing education on career success. A survey of intern and nonintern business alumni of a northeastern U.S. public university indicated significant early career advantages for undergraduates with internship experience. Advantages included less time to obtain first position, increased monetary compensation, and greater overall job satisfaction. In addition to the career benefits provided to the students, the positive implications for marketing educators, university administrators, and intern employers are also discussed.
Estimate of auditory filter shape using notched-noise masking for various signal frequencies

In this paper, the masked threshold of a sinusoidal signal in the presence of a notched- noise masker was measured experimentally for five normal-hearing subjects. The frequencies of sinusoidal signals used in the measurement were 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, and 6,000 Hz. The conditions and procedure in our measurement were the same as those used by Glasberg and Moore (2000), with additional measurements at 125 and 6,000 Hz. Uniformly excited noise (UEN) was not used in our measurements. The measured data was used to estimate the parameters of a double roex auditory filter as presented in Glasberg and Moore (2000). Basically, this filter is the sum of a tip filter and a tail filter, with its gain controlled by a schematic family of input-output functions. The PolyFit procedure was used to fit the filter to the measured data. An individual auditory filter was fitted at each of the signal frequencies in our measurements. The results showed that auditory filter shape varied with level. The gain of the filters centered at frequencies between 125 Hz and 1,000 Hz, increased as the center frequency increased. Above 1,000 Hz, the gain of the filters remained at a constant value. These results are consistent with the results in Baker et al. (1998) and Glasberg and Moore (2000).
Green Revolution: Challenges ahead

In the 1960s there were lots of concerns about the world’s ability to feed itself. The cultivated-land frontier was closing in most Asian countries, while population growth rates were accelerating, owing to rapidly declining mortality rates resulting from advancements in modern medicine and health care. However, large scale famines were averted because of widespread adoption of Green Revolution technology which resulted in major increases in food grain production. Between 1966 and 2000 the population of densely populated low income countries grew by 90% but the food grain production increased by 130%. The technological advance that led to dramatic achievements in world food production over the last 50 years was the development of high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice. These varieties are responsive to fertilizer inputs, are lodging resistant and their yield potential is 2-3 times that of varieties grown prior to the Green Revolution. In addition these varieties have multiple resistances to diseases and insects and thus have yield stability. The development of irrigation facilities, the availability of inorganic fertilizers and benign government policies have all facilitated the adoption of Green Revolution technology. However, the population of developing countries continues to grow and it is estimated that we will have to produce 50% more food grains in 2030. This increased demand will have to be met from less land, with less water, less labor and fewer chemicals. To meet the challenge of producing more food from favorable lands we need cereal crop varieties with higher yield potential and greater yield stability. Various strategies for increasing the yield potential being employed include: conventional hybridization and selection procedures, ideotype breeding, hybrid breeding, wide hybridization and genetic engineering. Various conventional and biotechnology approaches are being employed to develop varieties with more durable resistance to diseases, insects and abiotic stresses. We must also develop strategies for integrated nutrient management, integrated pest management and more efficient utilization of water and soil resources.
Epigenetic modifications in caloric restriction associated with longevity: A review of evidence

Due to the increased life expectancy and aging of the populations, researchers’ tendency to study ageing and its related diseases during the last two decades has increased. Ageing can be affected by many interventional factors including environmental, genetic, and medical factors. Caloric restriction (CR) is effective environmental modification that can lead to longevity in different species. Epigenetics of aging is an emerging field involving the mechanism that affect gene expressions other than inherited DNA sequences regulating the occurrence of aging. Factors such as DNA methylations, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, the polycomb protein groups, and noncoding RNA can all contribute to the broad variety of phenotypes of ageing. Recently, due to the unique role of interactions between nutritional factors and the aging process, epigenetic mechanisms of caloric restriction on longevity have been highly considered. In this review, we try to describe the mechanisms of the epigenetic effects of caloric restriction in longevity.
Using real‐time biofeedback to alter running biomechanics: A randomized controlled trial

In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of a mobile feedback system on transitioning runners to a non‐rearfoot strike (NRFS) pattern and prospectively compared injury incidence rates at one year between rearfoot strike (RFS) and NRFS runners. 128 RFS runners participated in a 2‐hour training session to learn a NRFS pattern with 114 completing the 1‐year follow‐up. Participants were randomized into a control group (CON) with no additional training and a biofeedback group (BFG) where they received equipment to provide real‐time biofeedback to augment the transition to a NRFS pattern. Foot strike patterns (FSP) were assessed at baseline, post‐training, 6‐months, and 1‐year. Injury data were collected through weekly email surveys over one year. Eighty percent of runners demonstrated a NRFS pattern following the training session (91/114, P < .001). The percentage of NRFS runners remaining at the one‐year follow‐up decreased slightly in both groups, but was not significantly different between groups (CON = 69%, P = .29; BFG = 75%, P = .36). Injury rates were similar between RFS runners (37% injured) and NRFS runners (30% injured) after one year (P = .47). The relative risk for knee injury in RFS runners was 5.64 (95% CI: 1.90‐16.8; P = .02). In conclusion, both groups had a significant number of participants transition to a NRFS immediately after training and maintain NRFS at the 1‐year follow‐up. However, compliance with the sensor in the BFG group was very poor due to limitations of the sensor. Regardless of FSP, runners experienced 1‐year injury incidence rates between 30%‐37%. RFS runners had nearly a six times greater risk for developing a knee injury than NRFS runners.
“The Great Data Revolution”: Breaking Barriers to Opening Government Data in China

This poster reports on a research study that aims to identify and overcome barriers that hinder the release of open government data (OGD) in China. Specifically, this poster demonstrates initial findings drawn from a critical literature review. 15 barriers were identified and emerged in three themes: institutional barriers, data integrity and quality barriers, and user participation barriers. This poster presents one of the early research efforts investigating the problems of releasing OGD in China.
Evaluation and Screening of Natural Antioxidant Biomolecules from Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Premna corymbosa Rottl

Objective: To evaluate the screening of natural antioxidant molecules and radical scavenging activities of flavonoid rich fractions from the leaves of Premna corymbosa. Methods: The total phenolic contents were estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu method adopted by Djeridane et al and total flavonoid content was measured according to Quettier-Deleu et al method. Antioxidant activities of flavonoid rich fraction of P. corymbosa was tested on the basis of ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical, Super oxide radical, Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity, metal chelating and reducing power activity. Results: The total phenolic and flavonoid content in flavonoid rich fraction of P. corymbosa was 36.8±13.00 mg GAE/g and 78.2±1. 23µg RE/g respectively. The flavonoid rich fraction of the leaves of P. corymbosa showed significant antioxidant activity. The reducing power of the flavonoid rich fraction was comparable with ascorbic acid and found to be dose dependant. EC50 values of flavonoid rich fraction of the leaves of P. corymbosa were 13.78, 19.39, 12.55 and 14.44 µg/ml in ABTS, superoxide radicals, Nitric oxide radical scavenging and Metal chelating activities respectively. TLC bioautography analysis revealed the presence of flavonoid compound. GC–MS analysis of the flavonoid rich fraction showed the identification of 14 major compounds such as, Catechol, 1-Hexadecanol, Phenol 2-6 dimethoxy, 1-Decanol,2-hexyl, Benzaldehyde and 2 hydroxy-3-methoxyl. Conclusion: This research work has concluded that the flavonoid rich fraction of P. corymbosa possess antioxidant activity and may contribute to the wellbeing of individuals who consume them.
Biotechnological support for varietal extension of sugarcane

Diffusion et echanges varietaux chez la canne a sucre beneficient aujourd'hui des progres en biotechnologie. En complement du service de "quarantaine internationale" organise par le CIRAD a Montpellier, il a ete entrepris de constituer une collection de canne a sucre in vitro. La regeneration in vitro de bourgeons axillaires et la conservation en vie ralentie des plantules obtenues ont ete mises au point. Pres de 400 varietes (ou clones) sont maintenant stockees a raison de 10 echantillons chacune. Cette "vitrotheque" occupe un espace reduit et permet de fournir rapidement des plants sains pour une large gamme de materiel. Cette forme in vitro rend possible egalement l'application de la cryoconservation, utile pour la preservation des ressources genetiques. Le recours a l'electrophorese d'enzymes et aux nouveaux outils de la biologie moleculaire (RFLP) vient renforcer le contrnle et la fiabilite de la collection
Obstructive Endometrial Polyp: A Case Report

Endometrial polyps are a common cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding and infertility, which can be identified with different imaging methods. A lack of distention of the endometrial cavity is not a common presentation of endometrial polyps and is associated with endometrial carcinoma. In this article, we present a case of a 30-year-old patient with previous history of infertility and abnormal vaginal bleeding. During a hysterosalpingography (HSG), we were not able to distend the endometrial cavity. Therefore, we performed a transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and a pelvic magnetic resonance study, which showed an obstructive endometrial polyp adjacent to the internal cervical os. This structure was successfully removed through hysteroscopy by the gynecology department.
Effects of re-oligotrophication and climate warming on plankton richness and community stability in a deep mesotrophic lake

We studied the effects of re-oligotrophication and climate warming on plankton richness and community stability over a period of 30 years in the deep mesotrophic Lake Zurich (Switzerland). We assembled monthly time-series of phytoplankton and zooplankton taxonomic richness, phytoplankton functional groups (species with similar functional traits) and physico-chemical environmental descriptors (temperature, conductivity, pH, P-PO43-, N-NO3-, light absorption). We used multiple linear regression to test: 1) the effect of environmental variability over time and depth on the accrual of plankton richness; and 2) the relative effect of richness and environmental variability on the stability of plankton. Environmental change was characterised by increase in temperature, decrease in phosphorus levels, reduced temporal variability of both, and higher heterogeneity of phosphorus over depth (spatial heterogeneity). These conditions occurred concurrently with accrual in plankton taxonomic and functional richness. Increase in temperature and spatial heterogeneity were the best predictors of phytoplankton richness, while phytoplankton richness and spatial heterogeneity had the strongest effects on zooplankton richness. Temporal stability in phytoplankton biovolume was mainly affected by variability in phosphorus and temperature, while zooplankton abundance levels were more strongly linked to fluctuations in nitrogen, temperature and phytoplankton biovolumes. Our analysis highlights that climate warming and re-oligotrophication may favour an increase in spatial (depth) heterogeneity in the water column of deep lakes, enhancing the potential for phytoplankton species co-existence and an increase in plankton richness. Our analysis also suggests that the intensity of fluctuations in key environmental variables can be a better predictor of plankton community stability then average richness.
The First Cut is the Deepest? The Role of the Relationship Career for Union Formation

Using retrospective data from the survey Divorce in the Netherlands 1998, I examine the influence of the relationship career on chances of union formation. Frailty models accounting for unobserved heterogeneity show that previous union experiences reduce chances of union formation. Furthermore, formerly married persons are less likely to enter a new union than former cohabiters, and so are people who had short-lived prior unions or had children. Findings also indicate that the first cut is the deepest. Union formation probabilities drop substantially after the first union dissolves but remain constant after subsequent break-ups. Finally, the impact of prior union experiences on subsequent union formation is generally found to be stronger for women than men.
Deposited in DRO : 08 May 2018 Version of attached le : Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached

Autonomous driving is a field currently gaining a lot of attention, and recently ‘end to end’ approaches, whereby a machine learning algorithm learns to drive by emulating human drivers, have demonstrated significant potential. However, recent work has focused on the on-road environment, rather than the much more challenging off-road environment. In this work we propose a new approach to this problem, whereby instead of learning to predict immediate driver control inputs, we train a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the future path that a vehicle will take through an offroad environment visually, addressing several limitations inherent in existing methods. We combine a novel approach to automatic training data creation, making use of stereoscopic visual odometry, with a state of the art CNN architecture to map a predicted route directly onto image pixels, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using our own off-road data set.
Benefits and Drawbacks of Innovation and Imitation

Organizations seeking competitive advantage often rely on a combination of innovation and imitation to improve their capabilities and performance. Differences in proportions of innovation and imitation used in industry, as well as the type of imitation, can have organizational and industry implications that have not been adequately addressed. This paper aims to capture the characteristics associated with independent innovation, socialbased imitation, and skill-based imitation within industries in order to more clearly portray the effects on organizations and industries over time. Based on assumptions from the resource-based view and the awareness, motivation, capability perspective, the analysis identifies differences in the type and variance of innovations that spread throughout different types of industries.
Control of a Chemical Reactor with Chaotic Dynamics

In this paper, control of a non-isothermal continuous stirred tank reactor in which two parallel autocatalytic reactions take place has been addressed. The reactor shows chaotic behavior for a certain set of reactor parameters. In order to control the product concentration, an optimal state feedback controller has been designed. Since concentrations of reactor species are not measured, an observer has been designed for implementation of the proposed control scheme. The local asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system including observer dynamics has been shown via the Lyapunov stability theorem. Effectiveness of the proposed controller in load rejection and set point tracking has been illustrated through simulation.