Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early forest fire detection by vision-enabled wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks constitute a powerful technology particularly suitable for environmental monitoring. With regard to wildfires, they enable low-cost fine-grained surveillance of hazardous locations like wildland–urban interfaces. This paper presents work developed during the last 4 years targeting a vision-enabled wireless sensor network node for the reliable, early on-site detection of forest fires. The tasks carried out ranged from devising a robust vision algorithm for smoke detection to the design and physical implementation of a power-efficient smart imager tailored to the characteristics of such an algorithm. By integrating this smart imager with a commercial wireless platform, we endowed the resulting system with vision capabilities and radio communication. Numerous tests were arranged in different natural scenarios in order to progressively tune all the parameters involved in the autonomous operation of this prototype node. The last test carried out, involving the prescribed burning of a 95 × 20-m shrub plot, confirmed the high degree of reliability of our approach in terms of both successful early detection and a very low false-alarm rate.
Preoperative diagnosis and staging of gallbladder carcinoma by EUS.

BACKGROUND EUS has recently been shown to be efficacious for the preoperative assessment of depth of invasion of gallbladder carcinoma. This study assessed the value of EUS for determining T stage (International Union Against Cancer). METHODS Preoperative EUS findings in 41 patients with gallbladder carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. EUS images were classified according to the shape of the tumor and the adjacent gallbladder wall structure as follows: type A, pedunculated mass with preserved adjacent wall structures; type B, sessile and/or broad-based mass with a preserved outer hyperechoic layer of the gallbladder wall; type C, sessile and/or broad-based mass with a narrowed outer hyperechoic layer; type D, sessile and/or broad-based mass with a disrupted outer hyperechoic layer. EUS and histopathologic findings were compared, including the depth of invasion of the tumor in the resection specimen. RESULTS The 4 categories of EUS images of gallbladder carcinoma correlated with the histologic depth of invasion and T stage. Accuracies for the EUS classification as type A corresponding to pTis, type B to pT1, type C to pT2, and type D to pT3-4 were, respectively, 100%, 75.6%, 85.3%, and 92.7%. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative EUS imaging accurately depicts T stage of gallbladder carcinoma and allows for effective therapeutic decision making.
Dorsal column stimulation improves awareness in persistent vegetative state patients

Correspondence: Prof. Tetsuo Kanno, Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan. Progress in Neuroscience 2015; 3 (1-4): 97-103. ISSN: 2240-5127 doi: 10.14588/PiN.2015. Kanno.97 Copyright © 2015 by new Magazine edizioni s.r. l. , via dei Mille 69, 38122 Trento, Italy.All rights reserved.www. progressneuroscience.com INTRODUCTION
Assessment and outcomes in medical education.

T hank you very much for the chance to talk about assessment and evaluation. I will first try to use precise terminology and definitions to increase our understanding of issues in evaluation and, second, focus upon an actual product from the conference. My emphasis will be on how to perform assessments. Letmediscuss the goalsforevaluation. Fairnessis I think the heart ofevaluation. Thestakes are highforpatientsand theyare highforstudents and residents.We haveto be fair, but the first group to whom we have to be fair comprises those in uniform, our patients, and the community. So, there has to be a clearer demonstration of trainees' competence. I think we also have to be fair to trainees-students and residents-to make sure that our expectations are clearand that trainees are given feedback duringthe process. Finally, wehavetobe fairto teachersas well and I'll address each ofthese a littlebit during this talk. Part of the ideaoffairness to society is to ensure that there is validity to the process of evaluation, and we'll talk about both content validity, assurance that you'relooking at what youwant to look at, and predictive validity, that measurements during training actuallyprovide someprediction ofwhether or not you'recompetent later. Reliability is also an important part of fairness to students, because it means assessment is consistent between teachers,between different sites, and from yeartoyear. Ifyou're a resident in surgeryat Walter Reed, the evaluation should be consistent with that at Bethesda or Brooke or anywhere else. Finally, feasibility is importantin evaluation. It has to be timely, portable, and cost-effective. Theseare the bigcharacteristicsof evaluation: fairness, validity, reliability, and feasibility. I am nowgoing to focus on howwe can accomplish this. I will emphasize definitions and distinctions, such as differences between evaluation and assessment, between dichotomous and scalar judgments, and between analytic and synthetic methods of evaluation. Iwill ask the traditional, "cardinal" questions of who, what, when, where, why, and how, that I believe anyone involved in trainingshouldbe able to answerfor their own program and that the different working groupsin this conference have to address in some detail over the next few days. The first distinctions I want to make have to do with the phases in evaluation, and I will use the word assessment to mean making an observation about a trainee.Theword assessment is rooted in the French word assay, like a radioimmunoassay. It has to do with measurement. It is expressed in numbers and it has to dowiththe toolsthat weuse to measure. Iwill use the word evaluation to mean "determining value"-the root of the word evaluation is value. This is something that is expressed in words, not numbers, having to do with the expected
Efficient regeneration and Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of recalcitrant sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivars.

Sweet potato is a major world crop and its behavior under in vitro culture is genotype dependent. We studied several factors influencing the regeneration and transformation efficiency of two recalcitrant cultivars: Jewel and CEMSA 78354. Growth regulators, explant preparation and removal of apical dominance were evaluated in order to optimize the regeneration steps. At the same time, the influence of environmental conditions for the interaction between Agrobacterium tumefaciens and leaves were evaluated to obtain higher transformation efficiencies. For Jewel, the best results were obtained when intact leaf explants were cultivated on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mgL -1 indol-3-acetic acid for four weeks (Regeneration frequency, RF= 2.02). However, for CEMSA 78354 the best results were obtained by culturing leaf explants on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgL -1 paclobutrazol and 1.0 mgL -1
X-ray Testing : The State of the Art Domingo Mery

X-ray imaging has been developed not only for its use in medical imaging for human beings, but also for materials or objects, where the aim is to analyze –nondestructively– those inner parts that are undetectable to the naked eye. Thus, X-ray testing is used to determine if a test object deviates from a given set of specifications. Typical applications are analysis of food products, screening of baggage, inspection of automotive parts, and quality control of welds. In order to achieve efficient and effective X-ray testing, automated and semi-automated systems are being developed to execute this task. In this paper, we present a general overview of computer vision methodologies that have been used in X-ray testing. In addition, we review some techniques that have been applied in certain relevant applications; and we introduce a public database of X-ray images that can be used for testing and evaluation of image analysis and computer vision algorithms. Finally, we conclude that the following: that there are some areas –like casting inspection– where automated systems are very effective, and other application areas –such as baggage screening– where human inspection is still used; there are certain application areas –like weld and cargo inspections– where the process is semi-automatic; and there is some research in areas – including food analysis– where processes are beginning to be characterized by the use of X-ray imaging.
The zinc-responsive regulon of Neisseria meningitidis comprises 1 seventeen genes under control of a Zur element 2 3

seventeen genes under control of a Zur element 2 3 Marie-Christin Pawlik, Kerstin Hubert, Biju Joseph, Heike Claus, Christoph Schoen and 4 Ulrich Vogel 5 University of Würzburg, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Würzburg, Germany 6 7 Running title: Zinc-responsive regulon of meningococci 8 9 10 11 12 13 Correspondent footnote 14 Ulrich Vogel 15 Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology 16 University of Würzburg 17 Josef-Schneider-Str. 2 (E1) 18 97080 Würzburg 19 Germany 20 T 0049 931 3146802 21 F 0049 931 31 46445 22 23 Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.01091-12 JB Accepts, published online ahead of print on 5 October 2012
Effects of combination chemotherapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy on immune parameters in HIV-1 associated lymphoma

Objective To measure the effects of combined chemotherapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on immune cell counts and plasma HIV-1 RNA loads in patients with AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) to determine the implications for opportunistic infection prophylaxis and medium-term immune function. Design and methods Peripheral blood total lymphocyte count, CD4 T-cell count, CD8 T-cell count, CD19 B-cell count, CD16/CD56 natural killer cell count and plasma HIV-1 RNA load were prospectively measured at ARL diagnosis, at 1 and 3 months during and 1, 3 and 6 months after chemotherapy in twenty patients receiving HAART. Results Significant declines in T-helper cell (CD4) count, natural killer cell (CD16/CD56) and B lymphocyte count (CD19 cells) occurred during the first 3 months of chemotherapy. There was no significant alteration in the T-cytotoxic cell (CD8) count, CD4 percentage or HIV-1 RNA load during the study period. The T-helper cell and natural killer cell counts recovered to pre-treatment levels within 1 month of finishing chemotherapy. The recovery of B-cells was slower with pre-treatment levels only being achieved after 3 months. The recovery of CD4 T-cell count following completion of chemotherapy was more rapid than described for ARL patients who were not receiving concomitant HAART. Conclusions By combining chemotherapy with HAART, immune function is better maintained in the medium term. The CD4 T-cell count falls by 50% during chemotherapy and this will help to identify patients who require opportunistic infection prophylaxis during chemotherapy.
How to Image the Adult Patient With Fontan Circulation.

A 32-year-old woman was seen for acute chest pain radiating to the neck and arms. The paramedical team witnessed her cardiac arrest on arrival and successfully defibrillated ventricular fibrillation by a single shock. After a stable transfer to the local hospital, she had a second witnessed arrest necessitating further defibrillation. History revealed good functional capacity and no other cardiac symptoms. Examination showed clear lungs, normal heart sounds, a normal abdomen, a blood pressure of 110/79 mm Hg, and an oxygen saturation of 100% (Figure I in the Data Supplement). The ECG showed signs of inferolateral infarction. Cardiac troponin I was 1.06 ng/mL. Telemetry confirmed intermittent nonsustained ventricular tachycardia and sinus bradycardia. Her medical therapy included bisoprolol 2.5 mg and warfarin (International Standardized Ratio, 1.7). Because of tricuspid atresia, transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary stenosis, and ventricular septum defect, she had undergone superior cavo-pulmonary shunt (Glenn) aged 4 years and atrio-pulmonary (Fontan) connection aged 7 years. Three years before, recurrent supraventricular tachycardia necessitated multiple electrophysiological studies, with ablation of focal right atrial tachycardias and cavo-tricuspid isthmus-dependent flutter. Echocardiography showed preserved ventricular function, mild flow acceleration across the subaortic ventricular septum defect, mild mitral regurgitation, as well as dilated systemic and hepatic veins (Movies V and VI in the Data Supplement). Computed tomography (CT) of the pulmonary arteries (PA; computed tomography pulmonary angiogram) was subsequently performed, reporting a large opacification defect in the proximal left PA, suggestive of pulmonary embolism (Figure 1). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) thereafter showed a patent Fontan pathway, no thrombi, and normal pulmonary arborization. The coronary sinus, the right atrial, the cardiac, hepatic, and the systemic veins were severely distended (inferior vena cava; Figures 2 and 3; Movies I-III in the Data Supplement), with diastolic flow reversal in the inferior vena cava. No systemic-to-pulmonary collaterals (SPC) …
Proposed genetic nomenclature rules for Tetrahymena thermophila, Paramecium primaurelia and Paramecium tetraurelia. The Seventh International Meeting on Ciliate Molecular Biology Genetics Nomenclature.

The genetics of the ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila and certain species of Paramecium ( P. primaurelia and P. tetraurelia ) have reached a level of maturity such that rules for genetic nomenclature for micronuclear and macronuclear genetics need to be clarified for workers in the field as well as for other geneticists. After a short introduction, the rules follow.
A Highly Efficient Implementation on GPU Clusters of PDE-Based Pricing Methods for Path-Dependent Foreign Exchange Interest Rate Derivatives

We present a highly efficient parallelization of the computation of the price of exotic cross-currency interest rate derivatives with path-dependent features via a Partial Differential Equation (PDE) approach. In particular, we focus on the parallel pricing on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) clusters of long-dated foreign exchange (FX) interest rate derivatives, namely Power-Reverse Dual-Currency (PRDC) swaps with FX Target Redemption (FX-TARN) features under a three-factor model. Challenges in pricing these derivatives via a PDE approach arise from the high-dimensionality of the model PDE, as well as from the path-dependency of the FX-TARN feature. The PDE pricing framework for FX-TARN PRDC swaps is based on partitioning the pricing problem into several independent pricing sub-problems over each time period of the swap’s tenor structure, with possible communication at the end of the time period. Finite difference methods on non-uniform grids are used for the spatial discretization of the PDE, and the Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) technique is employed for the time discretization. Our implementation of the pricing procedure on a GPU cluster involves (i) efficiently solving each independent sub-problem on a GPU via a parallelization of the ADI timestepping technique, and (ii) utilizing MPI for the communication between pricing processes at the end of the time period of the swap’s tenor structure. Numerical results showing the efficiency of the parallel methods are provided.
Why the IOM recommendations for vitamin D are deficient

The IOM recommendations for vitamin D fail in a major way on logic, on science, and on effective public health guidance. Moreover, by failing to use a physiological referent, the IOM approach constitutes precisely the wrong model for development of nutritional policy. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Beta functions in the presence of linear coupling

One effect of random a/sub 1/, the skew quadrupole field error, is to perturb the beta -functions. This effect may be large in proton accelerators using superconducting magnets, because of the relatively large random a/sub 1/ expected in these magnets. This effect has been studied in the RHIC accelerator (the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider proposed at Brookhaven National Laboratory). An analytic result has been found for the changes in the beta functions caused by the random a/sub 1/. This result indicates that the important harmonics of a/sub 1/ that need to be controlled are the harmonics near nu /sub x/+ nu /sub y/. This has been verified in computer studies. <<ETX>>
Genomic analysis of myeloproliferative neoplasms in chronic and acute phases

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are chronic, clonal hematopoietic disorders that include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). A substantial proportion transforms into acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a dismal prognosis. Mutually-exclusive hotspot driver mutations in JAK2, CALR, and MPL genes are present in 90% of PV, ET and PMF. The remaining 10% of cases are called triple negatives (TN). Mutations in other genes (e.g., ASXL1, DNMT3A, EZH2, IDH1/2, SH2B3, SRSF2, TET2) are also recurrent in MPNs. To better define the genetic events involved in MPN evolution and transformation, we studied 57 MPNs in chronic phase and 38 post-MPN AMLs from the IPC/CRCM Tumor Bank (authorization #AC-2007-33). Patients were appropriately informed and asked to consent in writing, in compliance with French and European regulations. MPN diagnosis was established according to the revised criteria of the World Health Organization. The 57 chronic cases were separated into two groups: 40 without acute evolution, arbitrarily called “steady” MPNs or sMPNs (median follow up was 17.9 years (11–28)); and 17 that transformed to AML, called tMPNs (median time between diagnosis of chronic and acute phases was 8.5 years (1– 29)). The latter group had 17 matched postMPN AML samples among the 38 cases of post-MPN AML. Genomic analysis was carried out for most patients in chronic phase during disease course, not at diagnosis. Median time between diagnosis and sample was 12.9 years (2–24 years) for sMPNs, and 5.7 years (0-25) for tMPNs (Online Supplementary Table S1). Post-MPN AML
Contradictory effects for prevention of depression and anxiety in residents in homes for the elderly: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a stepped-care program to prevent the onset of depression and anxiety disorders in elderly people living in residential homes. Methods: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the intervention with usual care in 14 residential homes in the Netherlands. A total of 185 residents with a minimum score of 8 on the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for a depressive or anxiety disorder, and were not suffering from severe cognitive impairment, were recruited between April 2007 and December 2008. They were randomized to a stepped-care program (N = 93) or to usual care (N = 92). The stepped-care participants sequentially underwent watchful waiting, a self-help intervention, life review, and a consultation with the general practitioner. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of a major depressive disorder (MDD) or anxiety disorder during a period of one year according to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: The intervention was not effective in reducing the incidence of the combined outcome of depression and anxiety (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23–1.12). However, the intervention was superior to usual care in reducing the risk of MDD incidence (IRR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.12–0.80) contrary to anxiety incidence (IRR = 1.32; 95% CI = 0.48–3.62). Conclusions: These results suggest that the stepped-care program is effective in reducing the incidence of depression, but is not effective in preventing the onset of anxiety disorders in elderly people living in residential homes.
Effects of overlapping electric double layer on mass transport of a macro‐solute across porous wall of a micro/nanochannel for power law fluid

Effects of overlapping electric double layer and high wall potential on transport of a macrosolute for flow of a power law fluid through a microchannel with porous walls are studied in this work. The electric potential distribution is obtained by coupling the Poisson's equation without considering the Debye–Huckel approximation. The numerical solution shows that the center line potential can be 16% of wall potential at pH 8.5, at wall potential −73 mV and scaled Debye length 0.5. Transport phenomena involving mass transport of a neutral macrosolute is formulated by species advective equation. An analytical solution of Sherwood number is obtained for power law fluid. Effects of fluid rheology are studied in detail. Average Sherwood number is more for a pseudoplastic fluid compared to dilatant upto the ratio of Poiseuille to electroosmotic velocity of 5. Beyond that, the Sherwood number is independent of fluid rheology. Effects of fluid rheology and solute size on permeation flux and concentration of neutral solute are also quantified. More solute permeation occurs as the fluid changes from pseudoplastic to dilatant.
The Influence of personality traits on the Facebook Addiction

Many empirical studies indicate that SNS use has increased substantially over the last few years. People use SNSs for social purposes, mostly related to the maintenance of existing offline contacts. Such usage may have led to compulsive use of SNSs resulting in addictive behavior. This paper aims to explore factors affecting SNS addiction. Specifically, the study examined the role of personality traits in the Facebook usage among college students. Compared to the rest of world, daily log on the site has grown very quickly in South Korea. And college students constitute a vast majority of Facebook users in South Korea. Results from a survey of 235 college students revealed that extraversion and neuroticism positively predicted Facebook usage. Students who were high in extraversion were more likely to update their profiles, share photo and images with others and give feedback on other’s posts. Similarly, those who were high in neuroticism were more likely to share photo and images with others and update their profiles. These findings support previous research. Furthermore, in terms of the effect of personality on SNS addiction, this study found that consciousness was negatively associated with Facebook addiction, while extraversion and neuroticism were positively associated with Facebook addiction. Based on these findings implications and directions for futures studies are discussed.
Metallothionein gene expression is regulated by serum factors and activators of protein kinase C

The exact physiological role of metallothionein (MT) is not clear. It has been suggested that these low-molecular-weight, highly inducible, heavy-metal-binding proteins serve in the regulation of intracellular Zn metabolism. Among the Zn-requiring systems are several enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair. Therefore, during periods of active DNA synthesis there is likely to be an increased demand for Zn, which could be met by elevated MT synthesis. For that reason, we examined whether stimulation of cellular proliferation leads to increased expression of MT. We report here that treatment of cultured mammalian cells with serum growth factors and activators of protein kinase C, all of which are known to have growth stimulatory activity, led to induction of MT mRNA. One of the required steps in the signal transduction pathways triggered by these agents, ending in MT induction, appears to be the activation of protein kinase C.