Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil Apoptosis: Selective Regulation by Different Ligands of Integrin αMβ21

Neutrophils undergo spontaneous apoptosis, but their survival can be extended during inflammatory responses. αMβ2 is reported either to delay or accelerate neutrophil apoptosis, but the mechanisms by which this integrin can support such diametrically opposed responses are poorly understood. The abilities of closely related αMβ2 ligands, plasminogen and angiostatin, derived from plasminogen, as well as fibrinogen and its two derivative αMβ2 recognition peptides, P1 and P2-C, differed markedly in their effects on neutrophil apoptosis. Plasminogen, fibrinogen, and P2-C suppressed apoptosis via activation of Akt and ERK1/2 kinases, while angiostatin and P1 failed to activate these prosurvival pathways and did not prevent neutrophil apoptosis. Using cells transfected with αMβ2 or its individual αM or β2 subunits, and purified receptors and its constituent chains, we show that engagement of both subunits with prosurvival ligands is essential for induction of the prosurvival response. Hence, engagement of a single integrin by closely related ligands can induce distinct signaling pathways, which can elicit distinct cellular responses.
Context-dependant survival of the invasive seaweed Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides in kelp bed and urchin barren habitats off Nova Scotia

This study examines the fate of the invasive alga Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides at destructive grazing fronts of the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis along the mar- gins of algal beds and in barren grounds formed in the wake of these fronts. We monitored the first reported encounter between an urchin front and an algal bed containing C. fragile, and conducted a series of manipulative experiments at a grazing front and in a barrens habitat. Urchin density had a significant effect on survival of C. fragile. At low densities, urchin fronts were more likely to bypass the invasive alga, though urchins following behind the front eventually consumed most individuals. Urchins' preferred food, laminarian kelps, affected the survival time of C. fragile by slowing the for- ward propagation of the front, but did not divert urchins from consuming C. fragile. The presence of dense stands of the unpalatable macroalgae Desmarestia viridis and periods of high water tempera- ture and wave action appeared to facilitate the survival of C. fragile by affecting urchin foraging behaviour. Our results suggest that, although urchins have the potential to exert strong control over populations of C. fragile, the outcome of interactions between the 2 species is likely to depend on their biotic and abiotic context.
High‐Resolution Melting Analysis for the Discovery of Novel Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Rainbow and Cutthroat Trout for Species Identification

Abstract We describe the use of high-resolution melting (HRM), a recent enhancement to traditional DNA melting analyses for the characterization of polymerase chain reaction products, in the identification of 11 novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for distinguishing between rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and cutthroat trout O. clarkii. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms provide an important tool for species identification in studies of hybridization and introgression between these two species, but until now the time-consuming and costly nature of DNA sequencing has limited identification of new markers. The ability of HRM to accurately discern nucleotide changes in a DNA sequence make it a cost- and time-effective alternative to traditional sequencing for the detection of novel SNPs.
BIM-based energy consumption assessment of the on-site construction of building structural systems

Purpose Steel and reinforced concrete are among the most common structural materials used in the construction industry. Cost and the speed of construction have been usually the main criteria when selecting a building’s structural system, whereby the environmental impact of the structural material is sometimes ignored. Availability of an easy-to-use tool for environmental assessment of the structural alternatives could encourage this evaluation in the decision making. The purpose of this paper is to introduce an automated tool for the environmental assessment of the on-site construction processes of a building structural system, which calculates the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the structural system as a parameter for comparison. Design/methodology/approach This assessment tool is implemented using a building information modeling (BIM) platform to extract structural elements and their key attributes, such as type, geometrical and locational data. These data are processed together with a productivity database to calculate machine hours, and then predefined energy and carbon inventories are used to assess the energy consumption of the structural system in the erection/installation stage. Findings This assessment tool provides an automated and easy-to-use approach to estimate energy consumption and carbon emissions of different structural systems that are modeled in a BIM platform. The results of this tool were within the ranges reported by the available studies. Originality/value This research project presents a novel approach to use BIM-based attributes of the structural elements to calculate the required efforts, i.e. machine hours, and assess their energy consumption and carbon emissions during construction processes.
The Impact of Stock Index Futures on the Turkish Spot Market

The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of the introduction of index futures on the volatility of the underlying Turkish spot market. For this purpose, symmetric and asymmetric conditional-volatility models have been employed by using the Istanbul Stock Exchange 30 Index (ISE30) daily returns. The evidences indicate that there have been significant changes in the structure of volatility in the ISE30 spot market, following the onset of futures trading. It has also been found that the asymmetric effect is relevant in the post-futures period.
Finger Texture Verification Systems Based on multiple spectrum Lighting Sensors with Four Fusion Levels

Finger Texture (FT) is one of the most recent attractive biometric characteristic. Itrefers to a finger skin area which is restricted between the fingerprint and the palm print (just after including the lower knuckle). Different specifications for the FT can be obtained by employing multiple images spectrum of lights. This inspired the insight of applying a combination between the FT features that acquired by utilizing two various spectrum lightings in order to attain high personal recognitions. Four types of fusion will be listed and explained here: Sensor Level Fusion (SLF), Feature Level Fusion (FLF), Score Level Fusion (ScLF) and Decision Level Fusion (DLF). Each fusion method is employed and examined for an FT verification system. From the database of Multiple Spectrum CASIA (MSCASIA), FT images have been collected. Two types of spectrum lights have been exploited (the wavelength of 460 nm, which represents a Blue (BLU) light, and the White (WHT) light). Supporting comparisons were performed, including the state-of-the-art. Best recognition performance were recorded for the FLF based concatenation rule by improving the Equal Error Rate (EER) percentages from 5% for the BLU and 7% for the WHT to 2%.
Diagnosis of PRRS Virus

• Due to the similarity of clinical signs of PRRS virus infection and those caused by other viral and bacterial pathogens, laboratory tests are required to definitively diagnose PRRS. • Several kinds of serologic tests are available include enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serum virus neutralization (SVN), and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA). These tests only indicate that a pig has been exposed to the virus naturally or through vaccination but cannot tell if the pig remains infected. • Additional tests are available to actually determine the presence of the virus. These tests include immunohistochemistry staining (IHC), fluorescent antibody staining (FA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and virus isolation (VI). While a positive result on these tests indicates the virus is present in the sample, a negative test does not necessarily indicate that the pig is free of the virus. Correct sample selection, sample handling, and the sensitivity of the test all interact to provide a reliable result.
Effective Regression Testing of Web Applications through Reusability of Resources

Regression testing is one of the most important and costly phases of a software development project. Regression testing is performed to ensure no new faults are introduced due to changes in a software. Web applications undergo frequent changes. With such frequent changes, executing the entire regression test suite is not cost-effective. Hence, there is a need for techniques that can reduce the overall cost of regression testing. We propose two regression testing techniques that demonstrate the benefits from reusability of existing resources in reducing the costs of regression testing of web applications. Our techniques are based on PHP Analysis and Regression Testing Engine (PARTE) approach that identifies code paths that were modified between two versions of an application. We extend PARTE to introduce two components. Reusable Tests component selects existing tests that can be reused to regression test the modified version of the application, and identifies obsolete tests. Test Repair component repairs such obsolete tests. Our hypothesis is that this combined approach of identifying reusable tests and repairing obsolete tests, can reduce the overall effort of regression testing. To test our hypothesis, we conducted experiments on real-world web applications. In our first experiment, we learned that there are significant number of input values from the original version of an application that can be reused to test the modified version. Based on this learning, we conducted our second experiment to evaluate if a regression test selection technique can benefit from the reusability of input values. Results from the second experiment demonstrated that reusability of input values minimized the cost of verification of input values in selected tests, and identified obsolete tests. Findings from these two experiments encouraged us to conduct an experiment to evaluate if PARTE approach can be further extended to repair obsolete tests. Results from our third experiment showed that a few obsolete tests can be automatically repaired. Thus, these novel approaches demonstrate the benefits from the reusability of existing resources and shows how further studies can be performed to evaluate approaches that combine one or more regression testing techniques to further reduce the costs of regression testing.
Modeling athlete’s heart syndrome caused by hypertension in strength training

هلاقم تاعلاطا هدیکچ لماک یشهوژپ هلاقم :تفایرد 28 نابآ 1396 :شریذپ 23 نمهب 1396 :تیاس رد هئارا 19 دنفسا 1396 تیلاعف یم موادم و نیگنس یشزرو یاه ببس دنناوت هدش دراو نوخ مجح و راشف شیازفا نطب هب اه زا یشان یراذگراب نازیم شیازفا هجیتن رد و نوخراشف هب نطب نوخ مجح و راشف شیازفا . دنوش ناسنا بلق یم اه تماخض شیازفا هب رجنم دناوت هراوید نآ مجح و اه شهوژپ نیا رد . دوش هیبش راکشزرو بلق موردنس کیپوکسورکام یزاس فا رثا رد نوخ راشف شیاز طیحم کیناکم هاگدید اب شور ساسا رب هتسویپ یاه ناملا یاه ش ماجنا دودحم . د قیقد یراذگراب و هسدنه زا هدافتسا اب میدرک یعس طباور حلاصا و رت نیشیپ ،لاوا میدرک هدهاشم . میشخب دوبهب ار جیاتن ، تماخض شیازفا بلق هب هراوید رب دراو راشف شیازفا هب خساپ رد هک پچ نطب لخاد راشف ندوب رتشیب لیلد هب ،دوب هدمآ دوجو زاغآ نطب نیا زا ش هب هدراو شنت شیازفا زا یریگولج ببس و عورش تسار نطب اب رواجم ریغ و پچ نطب نییاپ یحاون زا ادتبا رد تماخض شیازفا نیا ،ایناث و د تمسق نآ دیدرگ تشیب یگدش میخض هک بلق هرادج زا یحاون رد عقاو رد . داجیا یرتمک شنت ،رتمک یگدش میخض اب یحاون اب هسیاقم رد ،دوب ر لکیس شیازفا و نامز تشذگ اب . دش ربارب نآ هنیشیب رادقم اب دشر بیرض ات تفای شیازفا هتفر هتفر هراوید تماخض لااب راشف اب یراذگراب یاه ،یفورترپیاه و دشر بیرض شیازفا تروص رد هک میداد ناشن اهتنا رد . دوش یرادربراب زا سپ یرادقم یم داجیا بلق رد دنامسپ شنت . دوش :ناگژاو دیلک راکشزرو بلق مردنس دودحم دشر طیحم کیناکم هتسویپ یاه لولس یداینب یاه
Attachment Stability From Infancy to Adulthood: Meta-Analysis and Dynamic Modeling of Developmental Mechanisms

A central tenet of attachment theory is that a person's attachment pattern in adulthood is a reflection of his or her attachment history—-beginning with the person's earliest attachment relationships. However, the precise way in which early representations might shape adult attachment patterns is ambiguous, and different perspectives on this issue have evolved in the literature. According to the prototype perspective, representations of early experiences are retained over time and continue to play an influential role in attachment behavior throughout the life course. In contrast, the revisionist perspective holds that early representations are subject to modification on the basis of new experiences and therefore may or may not reflect patterns of attachment later in life. In this article, I explore and test mathematical models of each of these theoretical processes on the basis of longitudinal data obtained from meta-analysis. Results indicate that attachment security is moderately stable across the first 19 years of life and that patterns of stability are best accounted for by prototype dynamics.
Effects of autumn harvest date on the performance of white clover/grass mixtures in Nova Scotia

SUMMARY White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is well adapted to the cool moist climate of Atlantic Canada, where it improves digestibility and protein content in pastures, but little is known about its role in pasture stockpiled for autumn grazing in this region. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of autumn harvest dates on dry matter yield and clover content in herbage mixtures. Two experiments conducted in Nova Scotia between 1985 and 1991 on two different soil types showed that the effects of autumn harvest dates were inconsistent from year to year. Herbage growth rates ranged from 11 to 41 kg/ha per day between early September and mid-October. Clover content was generally lower in August–early September than in November harvests and declined in subsequent years irrespective of harvest date or forage species. Kersey White and Sonja white clovers were the highest yielding cultivars. Crude protein declined in late autumn harvests whereas acid detergent fibre tended to increase, and there were differences between years. Forage quality was significantly better in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) than orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)/white clover mixtures.
Multistage, Long-Range Natal Dispersal by a Global Positioning System–Collared Scandinavian Wolf

Abstract We document a new record dispersal for wolves worldwide. The natal straight-line dispersal distance of a Global Positioning System–collared female wolf from the Scandinavian population was 1,092 km from southeast Norway to northeast Finland, with a multistage actual travel distance of >10,000 km. Natural gene flow to the isolated, inbred Scandinavian wolf population may occur if survival of dispersers is improved.
Antagonism Between Trastuzumab and Oncolytic VSV is Overcome by Conjugation to a Microtubule Destabilizer

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . vi LIST OF FIGURES AND ILLUSTRATIONS . viii 1.1-HISTORY OF VIRUSES AS CANCER THERAPEUTICS . 1 1.2-ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES . 2 1.2.1ONCOLYTIC RHABDOVIRUSES: VSV . 2 1.2.2SMALL MOLECULE VIRAL SENSITIZERS FOR OV THERAPY . 4 1.2.3OV CLINICAL TRIAL OVERVIEW . 5 1.3MICROTUBULES . 6 1.3. 1MICROTUBULE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS . 6 1.3. 2THE ROLE OF MICROTUBULES IN MITOSIS . 7 1.4MICROTUBULE TARGETING AGENTS . 7 1.4. 1MICROTUBULE STABILIZING AGENTS . 8 1.4. 2MICROTUBULE DESTABILIZING AGENTS . 8 1.4. 3LIMITATIONS OF MTA CHEMOTHERAPY . 10 1.4. 4ANTIBODY-DRUG CONJUGATES . 10 1.5HER2 AS A TARGET FOR CANCER THERAPY . 11 1.5. 1HER2 AND BREAST CANCER . 11 1.5. 2CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS TARGETING HER2 . 15 1.6RATIONALE . 18 2-MATERIALS AND METHODS . 20 2.1-CELL LINES . 20 2.2-VIRUSES. 20 2.3-DRUGS AND ANTIBODIES . 21 2.4-DOSE RESPONSE CURVES . 21 2.5-IFNβ ELISA . 21 2.6-CELL LYSIS AND WESTERN BLOTTING . 22 2.7-IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE . 22
The Florida amphioxus (Cephalochordata) hosts larvae of the tapeworm Acanthobothrium brevissime: natural history, anatomy and taxonomic identification of the parasite.

Holland, N. D. , Campbell, T. G. , Garey, J. R. , Holland, L. Z. and Wilson, N. G. 2009. The Florida amphioxus (Cephalochordata) hosts larvae of the tapeworm Acanthobothrium brevissime : natural history, anatomy and taxonomic identification of the parasite. — Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 : 75-86. Plerocercoid larvae of a tapeworm are frequently found in the hindgut lumen of the Florida amphioxus ( Branchiostoma floridae ) in central west Florida. About three-quarters of the adult amphioxus are parasitized. On average, each adult amphioxus hosts about five tapeworm larvae. The residence time of the parasites in the amphioxus gut appears to be in the order of several months, which is considerably shorter than the potential lifetime of the host. The living larvae range in length (when fully extended) from 300 to 850 ∝ m and are approximately cone-shaped, tapering to a point posteriorly and bearing a single large sucker anteriorly. Toward the anterior end of the body are four hookless bothridia, each indented by three loculi plus an inconspicuous accessory sucker. The larvae initiate the early stages of hook formation when they are cultured for a few days in urea-saline (mimicking the gut fluid of the definitive host, which is an elasmobranch). The tapeworm larvae are identifiable to genus and species on the basis of correspondences between their nuclear ribosomal DNA genes and those of adult specimens of Acanthobothrium brevissime recovered from the spiral valve of a stingray from the same environment.
The Taxonomy and Course of Childhood Autism

The hypothesis that prognosis in autism would vary across subgroups was explored through cluster analysis of 52 cases. Four clusters related mainly to presence or absence of mutism, speech pathology, and lack of social responsiveness. Children who were mute and socially unresponsive on admission had particularly poor outcomes at follow-up 4.5 yr. later. For a third of the 35 subjects followed, the Vine-land Social Quotients (mean 46.0 for all subjects) had declined.
Efficient testosterone production by engineered Pichia pastoris co-expressing human 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase with NADPH regeneration

Traditionally, testosterone (TS), an important hormone drug and precursor for the synthesis of other steroids, was chemically produced. Recently, TS has been prepared through side-chain degradation of some sterols (cholesterol or phytosterol) using microbial fermentation methods. However, the TS production is at a low level, and the biotransformation process is long and with many by-products formed. NADPH-dependent 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17β-HSD3) from human testis catalyzes the conversion of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) to TS. In this work, we optimized the gene codons of human 17β-HSD3 and realized its functional expression in Pichia pastoris GS115. The engineered P. pastoris/17β-HSD3 cells exhibited good selectivity for the efficient transformation of AD to TS. Moreover, Saccharomyces cerevisiae glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was introduced to strengthen the NADPH regeneration system into the pathway from AD to TS by P. pastoris/17β-HSD3. By optimization of the transformation conditions from AD to TS and applying the fed-batch strategy, the co-expressed system P. pastoris/17β-HSD3-G6PDH produced TS of 11.6 g L−1, which is the highest reported yield using a bioconversion method. Compared with the ever highest reported production (≤1.7 g L−1), our production was improved by about 7-fold. More importantly, no by-products were detected during the whole bioconversion process. This study indicated that the recombinant P. pastoris harboring 17β-HSD3 and G6PDH could be a promising candidate to produce TS in the pharmaceutical industry. The P. pastoris system co-expression target enzyme and the cofactor regeneration enzyme may be helpful for enhancing the production of other steroids.
Paths of Marriage in Istanbul

This essay focuses on the complex interplay between choice and arrangement in marriage processes that emerges from the life stories of 15 couples from diverse origins living in Istanbul, Turkey, gathered as part of a wider ethnographic study of family life and reproduction conducted in 1995–6. It questions the dichotomy drawn between arranged, and love or choice marriages, typically associated with different marriage regimes and forms of family life, particularly in accounts of transition to modernity; and, further, the universality of the vision and experience of a particular sense of selfhood that underlies such accounts. Four processes of marriage are delineated, each representing a different emplotment of the ways in which individual and familial desires and actions are interwoven. The discussion traces through personal accounts, located in specific histories and socio-cultural settings, multiple understandings and assessments of what choice means, how desires and actions of selves, spouses, and families are fitted together, and what, if anything, love has to do with marriage.
The use of TAM to investigate university students' acceptance of the formal use of smartphones for learning: a qualitative approach

The purpose of the study was to investigate, through the lens of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), university students' acceptance of the formal use of smartphones for their learning. A survey research approach was followed. Sixteen students participated in four focus-group interviews. Each group had four participants. Most participants expressed positive attitudes toward the use of smartphones for their learning. In line with the TAM model, the students reported the reasons for their positive attitudes toward the formal use of smartphones in learning. These reasons were strongly related to their perceptions of ease of use and the usefulness of smartphones for their daily life tasks and for informal learning.