Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regional blood flow redistribution due to acetate.

There is little information about the effects of acetate on regional blood flow in unanesthetized animals. Isosmolal sodium acetate or saline was infused at a rate of 250 mumol/kg.min into conscious rats such that, in the acetate group, plasma acetate levels averaged 2.06 +/- 0.23 mM. Sequential injections of tracer-tagged microspheres were used to determine the effect of acetate infusion on cardiac output, total peripheral vascular resistance, and various organ blood flow rates. At this infusion level, acetate had no discernible effect on either central hemodynamics or arterial blood gases. However, there was marked alteration of regional organ perfusion. After 5 min of infusion, acetate (relative to control) increased blood flow markedly to the splanchnic bed (+40 +/- 6.1%), including all individual splanchnic organs except for the stomach. Acetate also increased blood flow to the heart (+33 +/- 5.2%) and kidneys (+29 +/- 5.4%); all P < 0.05. Acetate had no specific effect on total cerebral blood flow or on regional brain circulations. Acetate had no effect on flow to skeletal muscle (-30 +/- 11%; P = not significant) or fat (-5 +/- 6.3%; P = 0.097), although flow to muscle tended to decrease. These data suggest that low plasma levels of acetate, which do not alter total peripheral resistance, cause a marked redistribution of blood flow to the splanchnic organs and to the kidneys. Brain blood flow is unaffected.
Excision of IS492 Requires Flanking Target Sequences and Results in Circle Formation in Pseudoalteromonas atlantica

ABSTRACT The gram-negative marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas atlantica produces extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) that is important in biofilm formation by this bacterium. Insertion and precise excision of IS492 at a locus essential for extracellular polysaccharide production (eps) controls phase variation of EPS production in P. atlantica. Examination of IS492 transposition in P. atlantica by using a PCR-based assay revealed a circular form of IS492 that may be an intermediate in transposition or a terminal product of excision. The DNA sequence of the IS492 circle junction indicates that the ends of the element are juxtaposed with a 5-bp spacer sequence. This spacer sequence corresponds to the 5-bp duplication of the chromosomal target sequence found at all IS492insertion sites on the P. atlantica chromosome that we identified by using inverse PCR. IS492 circle formation correlated with precise excision of IS492 from the P. atlantica eps target sequence when introduced intoEscherichia coli on a plasmid. Deletion analyses of the flanking host sequences at the eps insertion site for IS492 demonstrated that the 5-bp duplicated target sequence is essential for precise excision of IS492 and circle formation in E. coli. Excision of IS492 inE. coli also depends on the level of expression of the putative transposase, MooV. A regulatory role for the circular form of IS492 is suggested by the creation of a new strong promoter for expression of mooV by the joining of the ends of the insertion sequence element at the circle junction.
Discretization of linear parameter varying systems in the LFT representation with parameter dependent sampling rates

In this work two new procedures are proposed to discretize linear parameter varying (LPV) models in the linear fractional transformation LFT representation1. In the first procedure, a Taylor series approximation is used, to obtain multivariable discrete affine models for parameter dependent sampling rates of continuous LPV systems for each sampling period. Subsequently LFT transformations of that model are made to obtain local LFT models. In the second proposal, the properties of the LFT are used to unify in a single set the varying parameters associated with the system and the varying parameters associated with the sampling period for a global representation of continuous LPV-LFT systems. Finally an application of the proposal is presented.
Localization of Printed Chipless RFID in 3-D Space

A novel localization technique of printed chipless RFID in 3-D space is presented by using a frequency domain chipless tag. The chipless tag is interrogated by an ultra-wideband (UWB) signal, and the response from tag is analyzed for extracting the resonance information. The range information is used for accurate localization of chipless tag. The validity and accuracy of the localization method has been verified by moving the tag to different points in a fixed interrogation zone. The measured angular deviations achieved based on the proposed approach are less than 5° when localization radius is from 10 cm to 40 cm.
The effect of dodecylsulphate upon net sodium and water transport from tied jejunal loops in anaesthetized rats.

: Into tied jejunal loops in rats solutions of sodium chloride or sulphate were instilled, with or without addition of sodium dodecylsulphate. The sodium salt concentration was varied, so that there was either a sodium concentration gradient from the plasma to the lumen, or a gradient from the lumen to the plasma. In the presence of surfactant, net secretion took place when there was a significant gradient from the plasma to the lumen, and net absorption when the gradient was reversed. With only a small gradient from the lumen to the plasma there was complete inhibition of net sodium transport. In principle, sodium in the presence of dodecylsulphate was transported along its concentration gradient. In control experiments, sodium absorption essentially independent of sodium concentration occurred. The results indicate that with dodecylsulphate, normal carrier-mediated net sodium absorption is successively substituted by passive diffusion, as the surfactant dose-dependently causes increased epithelial permeability to sodium. Less than 1.7 mM dodecylsulphate seemed to cause this effect.
Abnormal Reactivity of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex During the Experience of Pain in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Magnetoencephalograhic Case Study

A 49-year-old male worker developed persistent pain in his left wrist after work strain injuries. Clinical symptoms met with criteria for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) type I. In the present study, the effect of the experience of pain on the somatotopy of the primary cortical hand representation was investigated. Somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEF) elicited by non-painful tactile stimulation at the index finger of the affected and the unaffected hand were recorded when experiencing pain elicited by a moderate physical load condition (holding a 1.6 kg object in the hand). It was shown that MEG and subjective responses to innocuous tactile stimuli were reduced when simultaneous nociceptive stimulation was applied. These findings suggest a gating effect in the central nervous system elicited by concurrent simultaneous information from two different somatosensory modalities (pain and tactile). The results revealed the existence of nociceptive-induced plastic changes in the central nervous system associated with CRPS type I.
Degradation of Connexins from the Plasma Membrane Is Regulated by Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

Little is known about the mechanism and regulation of connexin turnover from the plasma membrane. We have used a combination of cell surface biotinylation, immunofluorescence microscopy, and scrape-load dye transfer assays to investigate the effect of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide on connexin43 and connexin32 after their transport to the plasmalemma. The results obtained demonstrate that cycloheximide inhibits the turnover of connexins from the surface of both gap junction assembly-deficient and -efficient cells. Moreover, cell surface connexin saved from destruction by cycloheximide can assemble into long-lived, functional gap junctional plaques. These findings support the concept that downregulation of connexin degradation from the plasma membrane can serve as a mechanism to enhance gap junction-mediated intercellular communication.
Response of capillary cell death to aminoguanidine predicts the development of retinopathy: comparison of diabetes and galactosemia.

PURPOSE To examine the relationship between early retinal capillary cell apoptosis and late histologic lesions of diabetic retinopathy and to compare the effects of aminoguanidine (AMG) on the retinopathies caused by diabetes and galactose feeding. METHODS Rats with alloxan-induced diabetes and rats fed a 30% galactose diet (known to induce diabetic-like retinopathy) were assigned randomly to receive diet with (2.5 g/kg diet) or without AMG. After 6 to 8 months of diabetes or galactosemia, retinal trypsin digests were prepared, and capillary cell apoptosis was quantitated using the Tdt-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) reaction in association with morphologic evidence of nuclear fragmentation. At 18 months duration, pericyte ghosts and acellular capillaries were quantitated in the isolated vasculature. Several advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were measured at 4 months of study and at 18 months of study by established methods to assess biochemical effects of AMG. RESULTS As expected, both diabetic and galactosemic rats showed increased frequency of TUNEL-positive capillary cells at 6 to 8 months and vascular lesions characteristic of retinopathy at 18 months. AMG inhibited both the early apoptosis and late histopathology in the diabetic rats, but neither of these abnormalities in the galactosemic rats. In contrast to its preventative effect on retinopathy in the diabetic rats, AMG showed no inhibitory effect on levels of hemoglobin AGE, or tail collagen pentosidine, fluorescence, and thermal breaking time. Diabetes of 4 months' duration did not cause a detectable increase in retinal levels of several AGEs. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of early apoptosis in retinal microvascular cells predicted the development of the histologic lesions of retinopathy in diabetes as well as in galactosemia. The beneficial effect of AMG on retinal lesions in diabetes is exerted on pathways that are either not operative or are less important in galactosemia and that may not relate to the accumulation of AGEs.
Role of Ultrasound in Startup Regional Anesthesia Practice for Outpatients

Today, the common uses of ultrasound in the operating room include vascular access, transesophageal echocardiography, and regional blocks. When justifying the acquisition of ultrasound equipment, all these factors can come into play. Ultrasound imaging allows direct visualization of peripheral nerves, needle location, and local anesthetic distribution for successful conduction block. These are displayed in real-time with imaging frame rates of 10 to 30 Hz in clinical practice. Furthermore, ultrasound imaging per se is safe. That is, there are no independently confirmed adverse biologic effects of diagnostic ultrasound.With ultrasound guidance, it is not necessary to stimulate nerves for needle localization before successful conduction block. Regional blocks have many advantages for the outpatient, including postoperative pain relief and avoidance of general anesthesia. In this section, the presenter addresses recent considerations regarding the use of ultrasound for peripheral blocks for ambulatory surgical patients.
On the spider genus Amaurobius (Araneae, Amaurobiidae) in India and Nepal

Abstract A new species, Amaurobius koponeni sp. n. , is described from Himachal Pradesh on the basis of a male specimen. A key to all five genera of Amaurobiidae that occur in Asia is provided. Four species from India and Nepal incorrectly assigned to Amaurobius are transferred to three genera of Titanoecidae: Anuvinda milloti (Hubert, 1973), comb. n. , Pandava andhraca (Patel & Reddy, 1990), comb. n. , Pandava nathabhaii (Patel & Patel, 1975), comb. n. , and Titanoeca sharmai (Bastawade, 2008), comb. n.
The ultrastructural characterization of macroglial cell types

In the prelaminar region of adult cat optic nerve, silver impregnation revealed a macroglial cell population consisting solely of small fibrous astrocytes. Electron microscopically the cells were characterized by abundant processes containing closely packed filaments and occasional glycogen granules; their perikarya contained few organelles, glycogen particles were conspicuous but not abundant, and their cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic matrices were of low density.
Association of the myeloperoxidase polymorphism with the risk of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND The myeloperoxidase in neutrophils manufactures many bactericidal oxidants. The aim of this study was to clarify the relations between the myeloperoxidase polymorphism and gastric cancer development. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a case control study of 157 consecutive gastric cancer patients and 192 controls, the myeloperoxidase -463G-->A polymorphism was genotyped. Additionally, gastric mucosal changes were examined according to the updated Sydney System. RESULTS The carriage of myeloperoxidase allele A, male gender, advanced age, high intake of salty food and Helicobacter pylori infection independently increased the risk of gastric cancer [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-5.0, 1.7-6.5, 2.6-8.6, 1.1-2.6 and 1.2-3.8, respectively]. H. pylori-infected individuals who were carriers of myeloperoxidase allele A had increased risks of both intestinal and diffuse types of gastric cancer with odds ratios of 7.9 (95% CI 2.6-23.5) and 8.6 (95% CI 2.0-36.7), respectively. In the H. pylori-infected individuals, allele A carriers displayed higher scores of bacterial density (p=0.02) and neutrophil infiltration (p=0.05) in the antrum and higher scores of neutrophil infiltration (p=0.02) and gland atrophy (p=0.03) in the corpus than did non-carriers. CONCLUSION This study verifies the association of myeloperoxidase -463G-->A polymorphism with gastric cancer. The mechanisms underlying this genetic polymorphism in developing gastric cancer merit further investigations.
Quick traffic classification of BT based on its handshake packets

With the popularity of the Internet, the extension speed of network resources always lags behind the demands of network bandwidth of network users. It is not an omnipotent solution to increase the available bandwidth. That is why it is important to analyze, control and manage network traffic accurately nowadays. It is reported that, as one of the prominent occupants, peer-to-peer (P2P) traffic takes up at least 70% of the total bandwidth. And BitTorrent (BT) traffic accounts for the first place among all P2P traffic. In an offline analysis on campus traffic captured in our university, we propose a method based on BT handshake packets which can accurately identify and classify BT traffic at a very low cost before evaluating our proposed method with Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) method whose results show that our method needs a much less classification time and storage space which outperforms the DPI-based BT traffic classification.
Structure and orientation of expressed bovine coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase protein

The sequence of the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) gene for the Mebus strain of bovine coronavirus was obtained from cDNA clones, and its deduced product is a 47,700-kilodalton apoprotein of 424 amino acids. Expression of the HE protein in vitro in the presence of microsomes revealed N-terminal signal peptide cleavage and C-terminal anchorage but not disulfide-linked dimerization. Dimerization was observed only after expression in vivo, during which HE was also transported to the cell surface.
A New Tool for Separating the Magnetic Mineralogy of Complex Mineral Assemblages from Low Temperature Magnetic Behavior

One timeless challenge in rock magnetic studies, inclusive of paleomagnetism and environmental magnetism, is decomposing a sample’s bulk magnetic behavior into its individual magnetic mineral components. We present a method permitting to decompose the magnetic behavior of a bulk sample experimentally and at low temperature avoiding any ambiguities in data interpretation due to heating-induced alteration. A single instrument is used to measure the temperature dependence of remanent magnetizations and to apply an isothermal demagnetization step at any temperature between 2 and 400 K. The experimental method is validated on synthetic mixtures of magnetite, hematite, goethite, as well as on natural loess samples where the contributions of magnetite, goethite, hematite and maghemite are successfully isolated. The experimental protocol can be adapted to target other iron bearing minerals relevant to the rock or sediment under study. One limitation rests on the fact that the method is based on remanent magnetizations. Consequently, a quantitative decomposition of absolute concentration of individual components remains unachievable without assumptions. Nonetheless, semi-quantitative magnetic mineral concentrations were determined on synthetic and natural loess/paleosol samples in order to validate and test the method as a semi-quantitative tool in environmental magnetism studies.
Facial expression recognition using LBP template of facial parts and multilayer neural network

Various methods do exist for facial expression recognition and it's still a challenging task to get accurate results on unseen images due to lack of generalizability. To improve generalization Local Binary Pattern (LBP) are used as feature extraction. Facial parts like eyes, nose and mouth are detected and template is created for each image in dataset. The template of reference image is matched with training image and classified with Neural Network. We train and test with images from the Kohn-Kanade Database. We obtain recognition rate of 95.83% for person independent analysis. Proposed method shows a significant improvement in the recognition rate as compare to existing methods.
Pulse-Stress Dependence of NBTI Degradation and Its Impact on Circuits

In this paper, we provide an overview of the impact of pulsed stress on PMOS devices during negative-bias stress. This paper is divided into the following three sections: 1) DC stress, where the impact of relaxation on the negative bias temperature-instability (NBTI)-induced degradation in FET parameters is discussed, 2) impact of low-frequency (<1 MHz) pulse stress, and 3) high-frequency (>1 MHz) pulse stress, which is studied using ring oscillators (ROs). Finally, the implication of the relaxation during NBTI stress when a PMOS device is subjected to a pulse stress is discussed from the circuit perspective. Based on RO-degradation data measured up to 3 GHz, we conclude that, for circuits operating in a continuous switching mode, NBTI will not be a show stopper.
Selective Silencing of Foreign DNA with Low GC Content by the H-NS Protein in Salmonella

Horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in microbial evolution. However, newly acquired sequences can decrease fitness unless integrated into preexisting regulatory networks. We found that the histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) selectively silences horizontally acquired genes by targeting sequences with GC content lower than the resident genome. Mutations in hns are lethal in Salmonella unless accompanied by compensatory mutations in other regulatory loci. Thus, H-NS provides a previously unrecognized mechanism of bacterial defense against foreign DNA, enabling the acquisition of DNA from exogenous sources while avoiding detrimental consequences from unregulated expression of newly acquired genes. Characteristic GC/AT ratios of bacterial genomes may facilitate discrimination between a cell's own DNA and foreign DNA.
Airway Inflammation in Atopic Patients

Objective. The purpose of this study was to understand and assess the inflammatory response within the upper and lower airways in patients suffering from both asthma and allergic rhinitis. Study Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. A laboratory-based study of patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma. Subjects and Methods. Glycol methacrylate resin–embedded specimens from 10 patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma taken from the nose and bronchi were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Monoclonal antibodies directed against specific cell markers for mast cells (AA1), eosinophils (EG2), neutrophils (NOE), and lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) were studied. Cells were counted blind (as cells/mm2) in the submucosal matrix. Mann-Whitney U test was used for analyses. P values of . 05 or lower were considered statistically significant. Results. There was a significant increase in CD4+ (P = .05) and CD8+ cell counts (P = .001) in the lower airway compared to the upper airway. There were no differences between the 2 groups in the number of neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils, and the CD3+ cell counts. Conclusion. The upper and lower airways have parallel inflammation with possible bidirectional extension of inflammation in patients suffering from asthma and allergic rhinitis. There is increased lymphocytic infiltration in the lower airway, suggesting a possible preponderance for development and maintenance of allergic disease in the lower airway.
Generating Large-Scale High-Quality SAR Mosaic Datasets: Application to PALSAR Data for Global Monitoring

This paper proposes a mosaicking algorithm to produce large-scale radiometrically and geometrically calibrated Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) datasets as a base for environmental monitoring of terrestrial biospheric and cryospheric changes. Features of the proposed method are thematic inclusion of a) long-strip processing of the SAR data, b) ortho-rectification and slope correction using a digital elevation model, c) suppression of differences in intensity between neighboring strips, and d) preparation of metadata (e.g., dates from launch, local incidence angle, radar shadow, layover, and valid/invalid data) to support dataset interpretation. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band SAR (PALSAR) mosaics for Southeast Asia, Australia, and Africa.
N‐Arylsulfonyl Indolines as Retinoic Acid Receptor‐Related Orphan Receptor γ (RORγ) Agonists

The nuclear retinoic acid receptor‐related orphan receptor γ (RORγ; NR1F3) is a key regulator of inflammatory gene programs involved in T helper 17 (TH17) cell proliferation. As such, synthetic small‐molecule repressors (inverse agonists) targeting RORγ have been extensively studied for their potential as therapeutic agents for various autoimmune diseases. Alternatively, enhancing TH17 cell proliferation through activation (agonism) of RORγ may boost an immune response, thereby offering a potentially new approach in cancer immunotherapy. Herein we describe the development of N‐arylsulfonyl indolines as RORγ agonists. Structure–activity studies reveal a critical linker region in these molecules as the major determinant for agonism. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange coupled to mass spectrometry (HDX‐MS) analysis of RORγ–ligand complexes help rationalize the observed results.
Logue: Unitizing Interactive Fictions for Co-creation

This paper examines the shift in interactive fictions (IF) from traditional hypertext narrative contexts to the recent trend of adapting social media to deliver highly multilinear narratives. While various story creation and distribution tools have been developed over the past 30 years that range in levels of interactivity and sophistication, these advancements have failed to address the aspect of co-creation. In this paper, we present the Logue system, which breaks down fiction into small episodes and tags them with metadata, making actionable units to empower co-creators. Based on the need assessments from a focus group, two prototypes were implemented to test if sorting by metadata complements what is lacking in conventional node and link approach in IF. Findings demonstrate that Logue can help creators not only structure the intricate storylines of co-created content but also provide diverse ways of understanding the story differently by viewing it from different perspectives of metadata.