Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decreasing methylation of pectin caused by nitric oxide leads to higher aluminium binding in cell walls and greater aluminium sensitivity of wheat roots

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important bioactive molecule involved in cell wall metabolism, which has been recognized as a major target of aluminium (Al) toxicity. We have investigated the effects of Al-induced NO production on cell wall composition and the subsequent Al-binding capacity in roots of an Al-sensitive cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yang-5). We found that Al exposure induced NO accumulation in the root tips. Eliminating NO production with an NO scavenger (cPTIO) significantly alleviated the Al-induced inhibition of root growth and thus reduced Al accumulation. Elimination of NO, however, did not significantly affect malate efflux or rhizosphere pH changes under Al exposure. Levels of cell wall polysaccharides (pectin, hemicelluloses 1, and hemicelluloses 2) and pectin methylesterase activity, as well as pectin demethylation in the root apex, significantly increased under Al treatment. Exogenous cPTIO application significantly decreased pectin methylesterase activity and increased the degree of methylation of pectin in the root cell wall, thus decreasing the Al-binding capacity of pectin. These results suggest that the Al-induced enhanced production of NO decreases cell wall pectin methylation, thus increasing the Al-binding capacity of pectin and negatively regulating Al tolerance in wheat.
The ground state energy of trie + J spin glass & om trie genetic algorithm

The ground state energy of the +J 2-dimensional square and 3-dimensional cubic spin glasses are determined by trie Genetic Algorithm. System sizes of linear dimensions 6 to 20 are considered in 2-dimensions and from 4 to 9 in 3-dimensions. We estimate that the ground state energy of trie infinite system is -1.400 + 0.005 (2d) and -1.765 + 0.01 (3d) in units of J. The Genetic Algorithm [1-5, 15, 16] is the term used to describe a computing strategy which mimics evolutionary principles in the search for an optimal solution. A population of programs, or as in our case, configurations of the spm glass, are selected with a certain probability for contributing off-Springs to the subsequent generation. The selection process is weighted by the individua1's 'fitness' as compared to the 'fitness' of the other members of the population. Mutation and 'sex' are included in the reproduction process and the new members' fitnesses are weighted in the selection for the subsequent generation. We will descnbe below the actual implementation used for the spin glass problem but we refer the reader to references [1-5] for details of the algorithm and its application to a vast array of distinct, novel and challenging problems. The determination of the ground state energy of the 2-dimensional and to a fesser extent the 3-dimensional +J spin glass has attracted attention over an extended period and has been a testing ground for several strategies [6-14]. It is generally believed that the ground state energy of the square lattice is -1.403 + 0.005 in units of J [loi and -1.76 or -1.80 [14] for the 3-dimensional simple cubic lattice. We describe below our implementation of the Genetic Algonthm for this NP problem. A random arrangement of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic bonds are placed on the lattice and a random population (300 to 3000) of spins configurations also created at the start. The energies of these configurations are measured for the given bond arrangement. The next generation of the population is constructed in the following manner: potent1al members are selected from the present generation with a probability proportional to their energy dilference 1282 JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE I N°9 Ground State Energy of the 2-d Spin Glass -1.3
Multitype Galton-Watson processes escaping extinction

A multitype Galton-Watson process describes populations of particles that live one season and are then replaced by a random number of children of possibly different types. Biological interpretation of the event that the daughter’s type differs form the mother’s type is that a mutation has occurred. We study a situation when mutations are rare and, among the types connected in a network, there is a supercritical type allowing the system to escape from extinction. We establish a neat asymptotic structure for the Galton-Watson process escaping extinction due to a sequence of mutations towards the supercritical type. The conditional limit process is a GW process with a multitype immigration stopped after a sequence of geometric times.
EPOS: A FAIR Research Infrastructure

—The European Plate Observing System (EPOS) has been developed over some years and is now in transition to full operational status. It currently offers a portal with access to more than 200 data services, the portals of constituent research communities and prototype access to a service for Trans-National Access (TNA) to equipment and sensors as well as access to information on the organizations and persons involved in EPOS together with research capabilities. From the beginning, EPOS was designed to support the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles. This paper explains how the EPOS architecture meets the specifications of FAIRness.
Hidden Markov Model of Force Torque Information in Telemanipulation

A new model is developed for prediction and analysis of sensor information recorded during robotic performance of tasks by telemanipulation. The model uses the Hidden Markov Model (stochastic functions of Markov nets: HMM) to describe the task structure, the operator or intelligent controller's goal structure, and the sensor signals such as forces and torques arising from interaction with the environment. The Markov process portion encodes the task sequence/subgoal structure, and the observation densities associated with each subgoal state encode the expected sensor signals associated with carrying out that subgoal. Methodology is described for construction of the model parameters based on engineering knowledge of the task. The Viterbi algorithm is used for model based analysis of force signals measured during experimental teleoperation and achieves excellent segmentation of the data into subgoal phases. The Baum-Welch algorithm is used to identify the most likely HMM from a given experiment. The HMM achieves a structured knowledge-based model with explicit uncertainties and mature, optimal identification algorithms.
Enhancement of Latent Fingerprint Recognition Using Global Transform

— Latent Fingerprints plays a vital role in identifying thefts, crime etc. Latent fingerprints are of 3 types. Noise in the Latent Fingerprints is removed by smoothing. Manual marking in Latent Fingerprint is slow and also latent examiner may make mistake while marking. The minutiae in the same latent marked by different latent examiners or even by the same examiner (but at different times) may not be the same. To overcome this issue new Orientation field estimation algorithm is introduced. It based on latent fingerprint feature extraction and edge detection. Orientation field estimation algorithm has dictionary construction stage. Dictionary Construction has 2 Stages. i) Offline stage ii) online stage [1]. Orientation field estimation algorithm is applied for Overlapped fingerprint[1]. Hough transform is used for detecting edges. It is shown that this method is slower to recognize latent fingerprint feature extraction and edge linking. In order to further increase the speed and perfect edge linking Hough transform method can be modified for better performance. Global transform is used for perfect edge linking and get the full fingerprint structure and comparison is made between two transforms to show which transform is better.
Extent-Based Allocation Scheme for Hybrid Storage Solutions

— We present an extent-based allocation scheme for hybrid storage solutions, called MatBall (Matrix and extent-based allocation), whose objective is to increase space utilization of SSD (Solid State Device) partition in the hybrid file system by reducing fragmentation overhead. In MatBall, to consume the remaining spaces as much as possible posterior to file allocations, I/O units (extents) of the hybrid file system are recursively partitioned into segments in the subsequent level and further file allocations are performed in units of the partitioned segments. Since MatBall defines easy-to-compute segment sizes and block positions in I/O units, allocating more files in the remaining spaces can be performed with a little overhead. The performance measurement with IOzone shows that the hybrid file system using MatBall enables to produce higher bandwidth over ext2 installed on HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and SSD.
Routine Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging Feasibility of Deep Learning Algorithms for Reporting in

Background: Artificial intelligence is gaining traction in automated medical imaging analysis. Development of more accurate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predictors of successful clinical outcomes is necessary to better define indications for surgery, improve clinical outcomes with targeted minimally invasive and endoscopic procedures, and realize cost savings by avoiding more invasive spine care. Objective: To demonstrate the ability for deep learning neural network models to identify features in MRI DICOM datasets that represent varying intensities or severities of common spinal pathologies and injuries and to demonstrate the feasibility of generating automated verbal MRI reports comparable to those produced by reading radiologists. Methods: A 3-dimensional (3D) anatomical model of the lumbar spine was fitted to each of the patient’s MRIs by a team of technicians. MRI T1, T2, sagittal, axial, and transverse reconstruction image series were used to train segmentation models by the intersection of the 3D model through these image
Long-Term Development of Urban Agriculture: Resilienceand Sustainability of Farmers Facing the Covid-19 Pandemicin Japan

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has forced global food systems to face unprecedented uncertain shocks even in terms of human health. Urban agriculture is expected to be more resilient because of its short supply chain for urban people and diversified farming activities. However, the short-and long-term effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on urban farms remain unclear. This study aims to reveal the conditions for farm resilience to the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and the relationship between short-term farm resilience and long-term farm development using data from a survey of 74 farms located in Tokyo. The results are as follows. First, more than half of the sample farms increased their farm sales during this period. This resilience can be called the “persistence” approach. Second, short-term farm resilience and other sustainable farm activities contributed to improving farmers’ intentions for long-term farm development and farmland preservation. Third, the most important resilience attributes were the direct marketing, entrepreneurship, and social networks of farmers. We discussed the necessity of building farmers’ transformative capabilities for a more resilient urban farming system. These results imply that support to enhance the short-term resilience of urban farms is worth more than the short-term profit of the farms.
OPTH_A_292347 1715..1726

1Glaucoma Unit, West of England Eye Unit, Exeter, UK; 2School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, UK Purpose: This pilot study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of a larger scale trial examining the effect of interventions to improve patient-clinician collaboration. The primary outcome was the extent of clinician-patient collaboration during glaucoma consultations. The secondary outcomes were the results of the Patient Experience Questionnaire and the patients’ opinion of how involved they were in decisions about their care and how keen they would be to increase this involvement. Methods: This is an observational study of clinician-patient communication involving 9 glaucoma clinicians and 37 patients attending a glaucoma monitoring clinic. Consultations were videotaped and later assessed for the degree of collaboration. Patients completed a validated Patient Experience Questionnaire and a questionnaire designed to collect the patients’ opinion of how involved they were in decisions about their care. Results: The consultations were largely “clinician centred” with clinicians speaking 58% of the sentences and asking a mean of 8.1 questions compared to the patients 2.6. Glaucoma medications were discussed in 97% of consultations. When a treatment change was recommended in 53% of cases different options were discussed. Patients had an overall positive opinion of the consultations. Although 80% of patients indicated they were happy with how involved they were in decisions about their care 44% said they would like to be more involved, and 47% would welcome written information or information sessions on how to be more involved in decisions about their care. Conclusion: Glaucoma consultations remain “clinician-centred” and, in view of the evidence of the benefits of good clinician-patient collaboration, further studies to examine interventions to improve clinician-patient collaboration may be of benefit to glaucoma patients. These interventions could target both clinicians and patients, and many patients in this study indicated they would like to be more involved in decisions about their care and would welcome support in achieving this.
The Mental State of the XI &XII Grade Students in Relation to Happiness and Hope

The present study was conducted to measure the mental state of the XI & XII Grade students in relation to Happiness and Hope. A sample of 187students (98 male and 89 female) between 15 to 19 years of age was selected from different areas of Rajshahi District of Bangladesh. In order to collect the research data, the Bengali version of the MUNSH Scale adapted by Akter (2003) and the Bengali adaptation of the Trait Hope Scale (Joarder and Khan, 2015) were administered on the respondent. The obtained data were analyzed by Pearson Product Moment Correlation and t-test. Results revealed that there was a significant mean difference in Happiness and Hope among XI & XII Grade adolescent students. It also revealed a significant correlation between Happiness and Hope among adolescent students.
Interactive comment on “Ambient new particle formation parameter indicates potential rise in future events” by B. Bonn et al.

The manuscript of Bonn et al. reports on a new nucleation parameter that represents the role of biogenic compounds in forming new particles. This new parameter is used in modeling particle number ( < 12 nm) and frequency of nucleation events. The modeling results are compared with data from two boreal forest sites, one in Germany and another in Finland. The new parameter is a function of ozone and water vapor concen-trations, biogenic emissions, and temperature. Given that those inputs are projected to change with changing climate, Bonn et al. use the new parameter to predict nucleation under future conditions using projected changes in the listed inputs. Based on their pre-dictions, Bonn et al. conclude that nucleation frequency will increase under projected future conditions over boreal forests. There is still much to be understood about the role of biogenic compounds in new particle formation and advances to be made in modeling
A Novel Approach to Overcome the Limitations of Reliability Centered Maintenance Implementation on the Smart Grid Distance Protection System

This brief proposes a novel approach to apply reliability centered maintenance (RCM) on a distance protection system in a smart grid. In the proposed approach, instead of focusing on individual equipment, the RCM is implemented for the whole protection system. The approach helps to calculate the reliability of protection systems by overcoming the limitation of their hidden function and also considering the effect of all system equipment on reliability. Markov process and improved Jaya algorithm (IJA) are used to calculate the reliability and find the optimal maintenance plan. The proposed approach has been applied to real data of smart grid distance protection systems, which results in a higher level of reliability and less cost. Furthermore, in order to validate the suggested technique and its efficiency, the simulation is carried out using a real-time digital simulators and hardware-in-the-loop testing equipment known as opal-RT technology.
Histological organization and its relationship to function in the femur of Alligator mississippiensis

Histological analysis of a growth series of alligator femora tests the correlation between strain milieu and microstructure. From mid-diaphyseal cross-sections of these femora ( n = 7), vascular canal orientation and density as well as collagen fibre organization were recorded. Throughout ontogeny, the proportion of transverse–spiral (TS) collagen in the dorsal cortex is significantly greater than it is in the ventral cortex ( P = 0.008). This regional difference in the proportion of TS collagen is correlated with a regional difference in the state of peak principal strain (compressive or tensile). Nevertheless, the predominant orientation of collagen fibres is longitudinal, which is inconsistent with biomechanical hypotheses that involve peak principal or shear strains. Although the density and orientation of vascular canals do not show significant regional differences ( P = 0.26 and P = 0.26, respectively), as with collagen orientation, the vascular canal orientation is predominantly longitudinal. The longitudinal organization of both the vascular canals and the collagen fibres is probably a consequence of longitudinal shifting of subperiosteal osteoid during femoral lengthening. When taken together, these data suggest that growth dynamics is the dominant influence on the histological organization of primary bony tissues in alligator femora.
Isolation and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Salmonella Enterica Isolates from Livestock and Poultry of Haryana

Salmonella enterica is one of the main enteric pathogen of animals and humans, which leads to diarrhea and mortality. Livestock and poultry are not only the main economic activity of farmers of Haryana state but also contribute food security to the state and country as a whole. Study on disease caused by Salmonellosis in livestock and poultry of Haryana was performed along with detail of serotypes circulating and antibiotic resistance profile of isolates during a period of three years. In present study, a total of onehundred and twenty-five samples of bovine and poultry were attempted for isolation on selective media, followed by serotyping and antibiotic sensitivity testing by disc diffusion method. Thirty-two isolates out of a total of eighty-one samples collected from commercial broiler farms, were found positive for Salmonella spp. , out of which S. typhimurium was found predominant (26/32) followed by rarely reported S. miami (4/32) and S. infantis (2/32). Out of forty-four fecal samples collected from cattle and buffaloes, no sample was found positive for Salmonellosis in present study. Antimicrobials Norfloxacin, Kanamycin, Amikacin, Chloramphenicol and Streptomycin were found most effective against Salmonella enterica isolates. Resistance of Salmonella enterica isolates was found highest towards Sulfa drugs, Tetracycline, Nitrofurantoin, Nalidixic acid and Ciprofloxacin. Detection of Salmonella enterica serovars from Haryana state confirms its occurrence but with changing pattern of circulating serotypes, more of public health importance and observation of multiple drug resistance necessitates routine testing of Salmonella spp. in poultry, better food safety and judicious use of antimicrobials in animals.
University of Birmingham Hot Electron Capture Dissociation Distinguishes Leucine from Isoleucine in a Novel Hemoglobin Variant, Hb Askew, beta 54(D5)Val -> Ile

Population migration has led to the global dispersion of human hemoglobinopathies and has precipitated a need for their identification. An effective mass spectrometry-based procedure involves analysis of the intact (cid:1) - and (cid:2) -globin chains to determine their mass, followed by location of the variant amino acid residue by direct analysis of the enzymatically digested chains and low-energy collision induced dissociation of the variant peptide. Using this procedure, a variant was identified as either (cid:2) 54Val ¡ Leu or (cid:2) 54Val ¡ Ile, since the amino acids leucine and isoleucine cannot be distinguished using low-energy collisions. Here, we describe how hot electron capture dissociation on a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer was used to distinguish isoleucine from leucine and identify the mutation as (cid:2) 54(D5)Val ¡ Ile. This is a novel variant, and we have named it Hb Askew. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2009, 20, 1707–1713) © 2009
SHORT TERM PRICE FORECASTING OF A PRODUCT IN THE FIELD OF E-COMMERCE USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH

: E commerce is an evolving business and now there are around thousands of products in a single website. In each organization there are separate Business Units to monitor the price and variations of each and every product to maintain their revenue for the Organization keeping their profit per product. Based on the business needs product value may decrease and increase based on demand of the product in the market. Hence changing the product value based on the demand needed to be changed manually in the current scenario.This requires lots of human effort as there are many such products in the market which loses and gains demand often. Hence to overcome this scenario there needed an automated system which can predict the price based on the current demand which may increase their profit but never incur a loss. In this automated system the main aim is to monitor the price of each product based on their past sales, price variations and Demand. It can forecast the price of the product on regular intervals. In this paper we have used the artificial neural network concepts and machine learning for developing this automated system.
An adverse interaction between crossover and restricted tree depth in genetic programming

The Crossover operator is common to most implementations of Genetic Programming (GP). Often, there is some form of restriction on the size of trees in the GP population. This paper concentrates on the interaction between the standard crossover operator and a restriction on tree depth demonstrated by the MAX problem, which involves returning the largest possible value for given function and terminal sets and maximum tree depth. Some characteristics and inadequacies of crossover in normal use are highlighted and discussed. Subtree discovery and movement takes place mostly near the leaf nodes, with nodes near the root left untouched, where diversity drops quickly to zero in the tree population. GP is then unable to create fitter trees via the crossover operator, leaving a mutation operator as the only common, but ineffective, route to discovery of fitter trees.
Robust Bayesian Analysis in Finite Population Sampling with Auxiliary Information

The paper considers some Bayes estimators of the finite population mean with auxiliary information under priors which are scale mixtures of normal, and thus have tail heavier than that of the normal. The proposed estimators are quite robust in general. Numerical methods of finding Bayes estimators under these heavy tailed priors are given, and are illustrated with an actual example.