Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Depressive Symptoms of Children Treated for a Brain Tumor

Abstract Objectives: To examine depressive symptoms in children treated for a brain tumor and related clinical, demographic and personal factors. Methods: Fifty-four children with brain tumors (32 males) aged 8.2–18.3 years participated. Standardized measures assessed depressive symptoms, social skills, self-worth and IQ. Clinical (treatment) and demographic variables (gender) were also examined. Results: Depression scores were subjected to a 2 (gender), X 2 (social skills: low, high), X 3 (self-worth: low, average, high) ANCOVA with IQ as the covariate. Significant main effects of gender and of self-worth and an interaction between gender, social skills, and self-worth were observed. Gender was identified as a moderator of the effect of social skills and self-worth on depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Gender, social skills, and self-worth play important roles in the depressive symptoms of pediatric brain tumor patients.
Link aware and Energy efficient Routing Algorithm in Wireless Body Area Networks

Due to increasing developments of medical science, early detection and receiving exact information in treatment of diseases and even preventing them are very important. Body Area Networks (BANs), a subset of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), can deliver vital signs of patients to physician by collecting and analysis of patients' data and with applying different types of medical sensors. In this paper, a new link aware and energy efficient routing algorithm is introduced. In this algorithm, packets are divided into two categories: high-priority and low-priority packets and used for efficient next hop selection node. Selecting the next hop node based on the parameters such as the number of hops, delay and path loss is carried out. Results of simulation show that proposed algorithm improve average energy consumption and throughput compared to the similar routing algorithm.
The Impact of Trendelenburg Position and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on the Internal Jugular Cross-Sectional Area

BACKGROUND: Increasing the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the right internal jugular vein facilitates cannulation and decreases complications. Maneuvers such as the Trendelenburg tilt position and ventilation with a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may increase the CSA of the right internal jugular vein. We determined the changes in the CSA in response to different maneuvers. METHODS: The CSA (cm2) of the right internal jugular vein was assessed in 50 anesthetized adult cardiothoracic surgery patients using 2-dimensional ultrasound. First, the CSA was measured in response to supine position with no PEEP (control condition, S0) and compared with 5 different randomly ordered maneuvers: (1) PEEP ventilation with 5 cm H2O (S5), (2) PEEP with 10 cm H2O (S10), (3) a 20° Trendelenburg tilt position with a PEEP of 0 cm H2O (T0), (4) a 20° Trendelenburg tilt position combined with a PEEP of 5 cm H2O (T5), and (5) a 20° Trendelenburg tilt position combined with a PEEP of 10 cm H2O (T10). RESULTS: All maneuvers increased the CSA of the right internal jugular vein with respect to the control condition S0 (all P < 0.05). S5 increased the CSA on average by 15.9%, S10 by 22.3%, T0 by 39.4%, T5 by 38.7%, and T10 by 49.7%. CONCLUSION: In a comparison of the effectiveness of applying different PEEP levels and/or the Trendelenburg tilt position on the CSA of the right internal jugular vein, the Trendelenburg tilt position was most effective.
Hypoglycemic coma after cardiac surgery

Hypoglycemic coma occurring 5 h after cardiac surgery in a nondiabetic adult patient was primarily triggered by: low cardiac output leading to severe hepatic functional derangement; metabolic acidosis, probably secondary to peripheral hypoperfusion; and possible inhibition of the adrenergic response due to anesthesia with fentanyl. Glucose infused at 8 g/h progressively increased the blood glucose level and paralleled hemodynamic improvement.
Assessing Representation Theory with a Framework for Pursuing Success and Failure

Representation theory (RT) is one of few long-standing, native theories in the Information Systems discipline. Over the past 30 years, RT has spawned a wide program of research, primarily on modeling of information systems but also on other phenomena such as data quality, system alignment, security, and effective system use. Nonetheless, descriptions of RT are splintered across many papers over many years. RT has also attracted repeated criticisms about assumptions, tests, and results. As a result, the nature of RT, its merits (or lack thereof), and how best to progress it, are unclear. Motivated by these issues, this paper provides a much-needed overview of RT. It further offers an evaluation of RT and explains how research on RT can improve, using a novel framework for evaluating theoretical programs. Our analysis shows that RT's merits (or lack thereof) remain inconclusive because prior research has not proceeded systematically enough. In this light, we explain and illustrate how research can proceed more systematically.
OPDA-Ile – a new JA-Ile-independent signal?

ABSTRACT Expression takes place for most of the jasmonic acid (JA)-induced genes in a COI1-dependent manner via perception of its conjugate JA-Ile in the SCFCOI1-JAZ co-receptor complex. There are, however, numerous genes and processes, which are preferentially induced COI1-independently by the precursor of JA, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA). After recent identification of the Ile-conjugate of OPDA, OPDA-Ile, biological activity of this compound could be unequivocally proven in terms of gene expression. Any interference of OPDA, JA, or JA-Ile in OPDA-Ile-induced gene expression could be excluded by using different genetic background. The data suggest individual signaling properties of OPDA-Ile. Future studies for analysis of an SCFCOI1-JAZ co-receptor-independent route of signaling are proposed.
COMMON TYPES OF CHILDHOOD ENCEPHALITIS: ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL RELATIONSHIPS.

Many electroencephalographic studies have been conducted on encephalitis; those prior to 1956 are reviewed in Radermecker's excellent monograph. 1 The usefulness of this technique for the study of encephalitis is reconfirmed by numerous recent reports. 2-44 Our approach has been somewhat different from that of Radermecker; we have concentrated our attention on common, relatively mild, and usually nonfatal types of encephalitis in which the symptomatology is variable and the pathological process largely reversible. Our efforts have been directed toward developing serviceable standards for diagnosis and prognosis in such cases. Our electroencephalographic technique differs from that of most other electroencephalographers, not because we have wished to differ but because without long monopolar recordings and sleep we found that we missed much of the phenomenology of epilepsy. In our opinion bipolar recordings have the following disadvantages: (1) they subtract the activity of one area from another and thus reduce voltages, sometimes to
A method for approximating the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis for uremia.

THE RELATIVE ease of performing peritoneal dialysis in small patients has contributed to its widespread use, compared to hemodialysis, in pediatrics. The purpose of this paper is to propose a method for predicting the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis in subjects of different body sizes. When a uniform, high concentration of a no-threshold solute (such as inulin, mannitol, or urea) is established in the body fluids, the concentration will decrease exponentially until the loading solute is completely removed, 1 or, as in the case of urea, until the excretory rate equals the production rate. Estimates of the renal clearance of inulin 2 and mannitol 3 have been made based on this principle. The renal clearance of such a solute is related to the volume of distribution by, The symbols are defined as: At, the concentration of the particular solute at any time; A o , the initial concentration of the solute; e,
Clinical features of organizing pneumonia associated with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract Objectives: To clarify the clinical features of organizing pneumonia (OP) associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to determine whether development of OP is related to RA activity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which medical records of 499 consecutive RA patients who visited our hospital during one month were reviewed. OP was diagnosed by pathological findings by trans-bronchial biopsy or by clinical features (typical computed tomography findings, no causative agents, good response to glucocorticoids, and lack of response to antibiotics). Results: Among 499 patients, OP was found in 19 patients and the estimated prevalence was 1.9–4.8%. No differences in clinical features were noted between the OP and non-OP groups. The mean age of OP development was 57.2 years and the period from the onset of RA to OP ranged from −4 to +34 years. Although 14 patients presented OP after the onset of RA, two developed OP before RA and three developed OP simultaneously with RA. Patients receiving tumor necrosis factor inhibitors also developed OP. RA disease activity just before onset of OP was low in 8 of 14 RA cases. At the onset of OP, only two patients showed exacerbations of arthritis, whereas most patients presented with fever and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) elevations. Glucocorticoids were effective for OP in all patients who received them. Relapse occurred in 4 of 19 cases. Conclusions: OP develops in approximately 4% of RA patients, which occurs independently from arthritis activity and at any time in RA patients.
The X chromosome shows less genetic variation at restriction sites than the autosomes.

Using a standard technique, 122 single-copy probes were screened for their ability to detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in the human genome. The use of a standardized RFLP screening enables the introduction of statistical methods in the analysis of differences in RFLP content between chromosomes and enzymes. RFLPs were detected from panels containing at least 17 unrelated chromosomes, digested with TaqI, MspI, BglII, HindIII, EcoRI, and PstI. Forty autosomal probes, representing a sample of 2,710 base pairs (bp) per haploid genome, were tested, and 24 RFLPs were found. With 82 X-chromosomal probes, 17 RFLPs were found in 6,228 bp per haploid genome. The frequency of X-chromosomal RFLPs is three times less than that of the autosomes; this difference is highly significant (P = less than .001). The frequency of RFLPs revealed by various restriction enzymes and the possibility that the X chromosome is a "low mutation" niche in the human genome are discussed.
Constant Proportion Portfolio Insurance Strategy in Southeast European Markets

Abstract Background: In today’s highly volatile and unpredictable market conditions, there are very few investment strategies that may offer a certain form of capital protection. The concept of portfolio insurance strategies presents an attractive investment opportunity. Objectives: The main objective of this article is to test the use of portfolio insurance strategies in Southeast European (SEE) markets. A special attention is given to modelling non-risky assets of the portfolio. Methods/Approach: Monte Carlo simulations are used to test the buy-and-hold, the constant-mix, and the constant proportion portfolio insurance (CPPI) investment strategies. A covariance discretization method is used for parameter estimation of bond returns. Results: According to the risk-adjusted return, a conservative constant mix was the best, the buy-and-hold was the second-best, and the CPPI the worst strategy in bull markets. In bear markets, the CPPI was the best in a high-volatility scenario, whereas the buy-and-hold had the same results in low- and medium-volatility conditions. In no-trend markets, the buy-and-hold was the first, the constant mix the second, and the CPPI the worst strategy. Higher transaction costs in SEE influence the efficiency of the CPPI strategy. Conclusions: Implementing the CPPI strategy in SEE could be done by combining stock markets from the region with government bond markets from Germany due to a lack of liquidity of the government bond market in SEE.
Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in Obliterative Bronchiolitis: TGF‐β Signaling Through Smad3‐Dependent and ‐Independent Pathways

We have shown that Smad3, an intracellular signal transducer for transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), is required to elicit the full histological manifestations of obliterative airway disease in a tracheal transplant model. This suggests that chronic allograft rejection results in TGF‐β1‐induced Smad3 activation that leads to airway obliteration through fibroproliferation and increased matrix deposition. In other systems, these latter events are causally related to the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, but their role in obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) after lung transplantation is unknown. We confirmed the presence of myofibroblasts inside affected airways associated with experimental OB using immunohistochemistry. Studying airway fibroblasts in vitro, we observed increased myofibroblast transdifferentiation in response to TGF‐β1, evidenced by increased α‐smooth muscle actin mRNA and protein expression. In Smad3‐null fibroblasts, TGF‐β1 induction of myofibroblast transdifferentiation was greatly diminished but not abolished, suggesting the presence of Smad3‐independent pathways. Further studies revealed that small molecule inhibitors of p38 (SB203580) and MEK/ERK (U1026) further reduced the remaining effect of TGF‐β1 in Smad3‐deficient fibroblasts. Together, these studies suggest that in chronic allograft rejection, TGF‐β1 stimulates myofibroblast transdifferentiation through Smad3‐dependent and ‐independent signals, contributing to the excessive matrix deposition that characterizes obliterative bronchiolitis.
Shashlik Calorimeters With Embedded SiPMs for Longitudinal Segmentation

Effective longitudinal segmentation of shashlik calorimeters can be achieved taking advantage of the compactness and reliability of silicon photomultipliers. These photosensors can be embedded in the bulk of the calorimeter and are employed to design very compact shashlik modules that sample electromagnetic and hadronic showers every few radiation lengths. In this paper, we discuss the performance of a calorimeter made up of 12 such modules and able to sample showers every $\sim 4X_{0}$ . In summer 2016, this prototype has been exposed to electrons, muons, and hadrons at CERN PS (East Area T9 beamline). The performances in terms of energy resolution, linearity, response to minimum ionizing particles, and reconstruction of the shower profile are discussed.
Comparison of synchronous and stationary frame pi based flux weakening controls for DC-link overvoltage minimisation of WECS under grid fault

A flux weakening control method of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind energy conversion system (WECS) is adopted in this paper to minimize the DC-link overvoltage during grid faults. This method weakens the flux of PMSG by supplying negative field regulating current to use the maximum voltage limit of the converter. The proposed method is developed based on the synchronous reference frame (SRF) PI and the stationary frame (SF) PI current controllers. Comparison of these current controllers has been presented through time series simulation results. From the simulation results, it is evident that the stationary frame PI current controller based flux weakening provides better performances in low voltage ride through (LVRT) enhancement during symmetrical and asymmetrical grid faults.
Probability of capture and rejection of primary multiple-access interference in spread-spectrum networks

The probability of capture is evaluated for the situation in which several transmitters use the same spread-spectrum code for the attention of a single receiver. The first stage in the capture mechanism is that of the acquisition of capture. The authors are concerned with the second stage, that of retaining capture, in the presence of interference from contending users. The probability of retaining capture is computed via accurate approximations and upper bounds for direct-sequence, frequency-hopped, and hybrid spread-spectrum signaling formats and for different data modulation and demodulation schemes. The calculation of the overall probability of capture is carried out for spread-spectrum systems with and without forward-error control. The ability to reject primary multiple-access interference in spread-spectrum radio networks is examined by computing the maximum number of users that may contend for the same receiver, without causing the probability of capture to fall below some desirable level. >
Detection of K103N in Ugandan women after repeated exposure to single dose nevirapine

Objectives:Use of single dose nevirapine (SD NVP) for prevention of HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT) is associated with selection of K103N-containing HIV variants. Repeat use of SD NVP for pMTCT may influence emergence and persistence of NVP-resistant variants. Design:K103N-containing variants were studied in 48 Ugandan women who received SD NVP in the HIVNET 012 trial, and were re-exposed to SD NVP in one (n = 44) or two (n = 4) subsequent pregnancies during a 5-year follow-up study. Methods:Samples were analyzed using the LigAmp assay (assay cutoff: 0.5% K103N). Results:Among 44 women who were re-exposed to SD NVP in one subsequent pregnancy, 37.8% had K103N detected within 1 year of SD-NVP re-exposure. Detection of K103N was independently associated with detection of K103N 6–8 weeks after the first SD NVP exposure and with pre-NVP viral load. The portion of women with undetectable K103N by 2 years after SD NVP administration was similar after first versus second use of SD NVP for pMTCT. K103N was undetectable in 93.2% of evaluable women by 3 years of re-exposure. Only two of four women who received SD NVP in two pregnancies during the follow-up study had K103N detected after the last SD NVP exposure. Conclusions:K103N was detected in some women within 1 year of SD NVP re-exposure, but faded from detection in most women by 3 years after re-exposure. Detection of K103N by 1 year after SD NVP re-exposure was associated with prior selection of K103N-containing variants and with pre-NVP viral load.
DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMATOLOGY AND HEALTH STATUS OF HUNGARIAN FEMALES WORKING IN THE FIELD OF PSYCHIATRY

Background and aim. Former studies demonstrated the physical and mental vulnerability of psychiatrists, especially for depressive and addictive disorders. We hypothesized that the depressive symptomatology has an impact on the psychological morbidity, risk factors, and somatic morbidity. Methods. In 2006 a questionnaire survey was conducted among Hungarian psychiatrists, and data was collected from 160 females. Depressive symptomatology was measured by the shortened Beck Depression Inventory. The occurrence of certain illnesses was checked by a disease list consisting of 39 items. For measuring burnout the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used. Results. One fifth of the sample has depressive symptoms. The outcomes of the single variable analysis show significant strong correlation between depressive symptomatology and the dimensions of burnout, overload, stressful situations, regular use of anxiolytics and antidepressants, and working hours exceeding 8 hours per day. There is a significant correlation between depressive symptomatology and the prevalence of respiratory diseases, allergy, gastrointestinal diseases, skeletal and muscular diseases.Conclusions. The presence of depressive symptoms may be mediating factor in the development of chronic diseases. The nature of the psychiatric profession can also have a determining role in the high prevalence of depressive symptoms, especially the high level of emotional overload.
Optimal estimation of group transformations using entanglement

We derive the optimal input states and the optimal quantum measurements for estimating the unitary action of a given symmetry group, showing how the optimal performance is obtained with a suitable use of entanglement. Optimality is defined in a Bayesian sense, as minimization of the average value of a given cost function. We introduce a class of cost functions that generalizes the Holevo class for phase estimation, and show that for states of the optimal form all functions in such a class lead to the same optimal measurement. As a first application of the main result is the complete proof of the optimal efficiency in the transmission of a Cartesian reference frame. As a second application, we derive the optimal estimation of a completely unknown two-qubit maximally entangled state, provided that N copies of the state are available. In the limit of large N, the fidelity of the optimal estimation is shown to be 1-3/(4N)
Simulation of large electromagnetic MMICs using time-domain impedance concept

A comprehensive and systematic approach for the 3-D simulation of large and complex microwave circuits is described. The method allows for the integration of both hybrid and monolithic integrated sub-circuits in a global full-wave FDTD simulation. No prior knowledge of the sub-circuit I-V characteristics is required. The method is based on the use of time domain impedance/admittance to include the effects of the different parts of the integrated system over wide frequency ranges. The time domain impedance/admittance is evaluated numerically as an impulse response of the corresponding circuit due to a delta current/voltage source. This approach uses only total field quantities and therefore, it is fully compatible with the FDTD numerical method.
On Achievable Data Rates and Optimal Power Allocation in Fading Channels with Imperfect CSI

Achievable rates of communication systems with pilot-based channel estimation are investigated. Analytical expressions for the maximum achievable rates of such systems are derived for a given quality of estimation. It is shown how the classical waterfllling algorithm should be modified for the case of imperfect channel state information at the transmitter. The impact of the estimation scheme on achievable rates is studied and optimal frame lengths are found for analytical models with varying angular spreads.
Leaf Phosphorus Diagnosis of Sugarcane on Organic Soils

ABSTRACT Most of the sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of Saccharum sp.) production in Florida is on organic soils. Supplemental phosphorus (P) fertilizer is often applied for optimum yields, but producers are required to reduce P levels in farm drainage waters. The objectives of this study were to relate optimum leaf P tissue concentration with yield in organic soil, and to determine optimum leaf sampling dates during the summer. Eight genotypes were planted at two locations, eight additional genotypes were planted at a third location, and eight more genotypes were planted at a fourth location. Crops were grown for three years. Measurements of leaf P concentration were repeated during growth seasons and over crop years for a total of six sampling dates at each location. Three fertilizer P treatments (0, 24, and 48 kg ha−1 yr−1) were applied to all genotypes at each location. Leaf samples were partitioned into early-, mid-, and late-summer dates. Early-leaf samples had the widest range in leaf P concentrations compared with mid- and late-season leaf samples. Correlation analyses of yield vs. leaf P concentration across all treatments in early- and mid-summer were statistically significant (P < 0.05), but coefficients were low (r = 0.14 and 0.26, respectively). No consistent relationship across locations described the effect of leaf P tissue concentration on yield. Leaf P concentrations could not provide accurate P fertilization rates that will give maximum sugarcane yields and prevent over-fertilization of P. The highest potential for relating leaf P concentrations with yield appears to be from early leaf samples.