Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parental Food Communication and Child Eating Behaviours: A Systematic Literature Review.

AIM To review current evidence for parental food communication practices and their association with child eating behaviours. METHODS The PRISMA framework guided the reporting of the review; registered with Prospero in July 2020 (blinded for peer review). Eligible studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Only quantitative studies that included a parental measure of food communication and a child measure of eating behaviour were included. RESULTS From 11063 articles 23 were eligible for synthesis. The vast majority (82%) of studies used observational cross-sectional designs. Three involved observing parent-child dyads, with the remainder using questionnaires. Two quasi-experimental designs tested interventions and two randomised control trial were reported. The majority of measures assessing parental food communication were subscales of larger questionnaires. The Caregiver's Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ) was the most direct and relevant measure of parental food communication. Findings of reviewed studies highlighted that "how" parents communicate about food appears to impact child eating behaviours. Using child-centred communication provided promising outcomes for positive child eating behaviours, while parental "diet" communication was found to be associated with poorer dietary outcomes in children. CONCLUSIONS Food communication research is in its infancy. However, evidence for the importance of parents' child-focused food communication is emerging, providing a focus for future research and interventions. SO WHAT? : Given the gaps in our understanding about prevention of disordered eating, there is a significant opportunity to explore what food communication strategies may assist parents to communicate about food in a positive way.
Human factors applications in the design of decision support systems for population health: a scoping review

Introduction Public health professionals engage in complex cognitive tasks, often using evidence-based decision support tools to bolster their decision-making. Human factors methods take a user-centred approach to improve the design of systems, processes, and interfaces to better support planning and decision-making. While human factors methods have been applied to the design of clinical health tools, these methods are limited in the design of tools for population health. The objective of this scoping review is to develop a comprehensive understanding of how human factors techniques have been applied in the design of population health decision support tools. Methods and analysis The scoping review will follow the methodology and framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. We include English-language documents between January 1990 and August 2021 describing the development, validation or application of human factors principles to decision support tools in population health. The search will include Ovid MEDLINE: Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily and Ovid MEDLINE 1946–present; EMBASE, Scopus, PsycINFO, Compendex, IEEE Xplore and Inspec. The results will be integrated into Covidence. First, the abstract of all identified articles will be screened independently by two reviewers with disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. Next, the full text for articles identified as include or inconclusive will be reviewed by two independent reviewers, leading to a final decision regarding inclusion. Reference lists of included articles will be manually screened to identify additional studies. Data will be extracted by one reviewer, verified by a second, and presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval is not required for this work as human participants are not involved. The completed review will be published in a peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal.
Biomechanically Compliant Gynecologic Training Simulator

Introduction Pap smear training is commonly conducted using simulators before practicing with humans. Unfortunately, existing simulators do not well simulate the biomechanical properties of pelvic tissues, and this may negatively impact the training outcome. In this study, we used finite element analysis (FEA) to identify a material that most accurately simulates pelvic tissues in terms of biomechanical properties for fabricating gynecologic training simulators. The selected material was then used to fabricate a vagina and cervix model using a hybrid technique of fused deposition modeling and molding to qualitatively confirm the structural integrity of the simulator. Methods The vagina and cervix were reconstructed in a 3-dimensional feature according to geometrical parameters reported in the literature. The biomechanical compliance of the simulators was investigated by comparing 5 materials—RTV615, Dragon Skin 10, Dragon Skin 30, Dragon Skin FX-Pro, and Ecoflex 00-30—and a pelvic tissue model (control) using 2 FEA modules. The structural mechanics module simulated the insertion and opening of a vaginal speculum, and the (1) horizontal opening of the vagina and peak von Mises stress at the anterior and (2) posterior walls of the vagina were obtained. The explicit dynamics module estimated (1) the fracture stress during punch biopsies and (2) maximum perpendicular deformation of the cervix before break. The most biomechanically compliant material was subsequently used to fabricate the simulator using the hybrid technique. Results From the FEA, the horizontal opening of the vagina, peak von Mises stress at the anterior wall of the vagina, peak von Mises stress at the posterior wall of the vagina fracture stress, and maximum perpendicular deformation of the cervix before break were obtained; the results of Dragon Skin 10 and the control were most similar. Therefore, the simulator was fabricated using the material. A qualitative evaluation of the simulator by the naked eye verified its structural integrity. Conclusions Of the materials studied, the FEA results showed that Dragon Skin 10 was the most accurate material for simulating pelvic tissues in terms of the biomechanical properties in a gynecologic training simulator. The simulator was also successfully fabricated using the hybrid technique. Further studies may also involve experimental testing to support the simulation results.
Solvent Drives Switching between Λ and Δ Metal Center Stereochemistry of M8L6 Cubic Cages

An enantiopure ligand with four bidentate metal-binding sites and four (S)-carbon stereocenters self-assembles with octahedral ZnII or CoII to produce O-symmetric M8L6 coordination cages. The Λ- or Δ-handedness of the metal centers forming the corners of these cages is determined by the solvent environment: the same (S)-ligand produces one diastereomer, (S)24-Λ8-M8L6, in acetonitrile but another with opposite metal-center handedness, (S)24-Δ8-M8L6, in nitromethane. Van ’t Hoff analysis revealed the Δ stereochemical configuration to be entropically favored but enthalpically disfavored, consistent with a loosening of the coordination sphere and an increase in conformational freedom following Λ-to-Δ transition. The binding of 4,4′-dipyridyl naphthalenediimide and tetrapyridyl Zn-porphyrin guests did not interfere with the solvent-driven stereoselectivity of self-assembly, suggesting applications where either a Λ- or Δ-handed framework may enable chiral separations or catalysis.
Trends in disease-modifying therapy use in patients with multiple sclerosis using a 10-year population-based cohort study in France

ABSTRACT Background The availability of new disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) provides an opportunity for improving outcomes but makes disease management more complex. Our study aimed to describe changes in therapeutic practices over the period 2009–2018 and measure the impact of the arrival of oral DMTs on the use of injectable DMTs. Methods Data were extracted from a representative 1/97 sample of the French population covered by the healthcare insurance system. Study period was set from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2018. Four periods of MS identification were defined (before 2009, 2009–2011, 2012–2015, and 2016–2018). Results Overall, 1,508 patients with MS were included, of whom 876 (58.1%) were treated at least once over the study period. Untreated patients were older and had more comorbidities than treated ones. First-line DMTs were the most frequent initial DMT (78.5%), and a shift has operated from injectable to oral drugs over time. The proportion of patients receiving several DMTs increased with the number of available drugs. End 2018, relative parts of all DMTs were almost equal. Conclusions This study provides valuable insights into the real-world use of DMTs and changes that have operated over time.
The source decomposition of dark FPN and its improvement by stacked CIS process (情報センシング)

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. 8, Li-Hsin Rd, 6, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300-78, R.O. C. Tel: +886-975904784, e-mail: yuichiro@tsmc.com Abstract: Based on the 1.1um, 8M-pixel tsmc process development vehicle made with 45nm CIS technology, the source decomposition of Dark Fixed Pattern Noise (Dark FPN, DFPN) and its improvement are demonstrated along with the process optimization using Stacked CIS technology[1][2]. Negative Transfer Gate Bias Operation (NB), Positive Transfer Gate Bias Operation (PB) and Floating Diffusion Leakage (FD) are three main sources, and the process optimization with Stacked CIS technology provides 20 percent total DFPN improvement with the significant reduction to PB and FD-DFPN. This result successfully demonstrates the possibility of the Stacked CIS for the pixel performance improvement, with pointing out the remaining room of improvement to NB-DFPN.
Business model challenge: Learnings from a local solar company in Germany

Solar photovoltaic systems are considered as vital renewable energy sources to mitigate climate change and reduce dependency on fossil fuels. However in some countries, declining political support has resulted in decreasing diffusion of the photovoltaic systems. A case in point is Germany, the country with the highest installed capacity of photovoltaic systems. Given the new conditions in the German market, the diffusion rate declined continuously both in 2012 and 2013. Whether the diffusion rate will again take off is not known. While the recent literature has pointed out that the local solar companies have a vital driving role on diffusion, not many studies have yet discussed the business models and challenges such local companies may have. Through an extensive case study, this paper explores the business model of a local solar company in a town of 43000 habitants in southern Germany. The case of this company tells about an important business model challenge. Overcoming such challenge may not only let the company survive but also drive the diffusion of solar photovoltaic systems in the region. The results include implications for both industrial actors and policymakers.
Obsessive beliefs prospectively predict adherence to safety behaviours related to COVID‐19 through obsessive–compulsive symptoms and COVID‐19 distress: A serial multiple mediator analysis

Obsessive–compulsive tendencies may render individuals vulnerable to elevated distress and over‐adherence to safety behaviours during illness outbreaks. The present study investigated obsessive beliefs as a predictor of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, COVID‐19 distress and the exercise of safety behaviours related to COVID‐19 in a community sample. Four hundred seventy‐nine participants responded to a questionnaire battery in March 2020 and 218 individuals participated in a follow‐up assessment in September 2020. Results indicated that baseline obsessive beliefs predicted the exercise of baseline safety behaviours through obsessive–compulsive symptoms and COVID‐19 distress. In addition, the relationship between baseline obsessive beliefs and safety behaviour adoption 6 months later was mediated by later obsessive–compulsive symptoms and COVID‐19 distress. Findings extended prior research on the association between obsessive–compulsive phenomena and psychological changes related to illness outbreaks. The implications for prevention and treatment strategies are discussed.
3-D Enzymatic Nanomaterial Architectures for Energy Harvesting

Abstract : In this innovative and highly collaborative 4 year proposal, we had two overriding objectives: 1) to design, develop, and demonstrate new techniques for engineering biological components that are optimized for integration with nanoscale materials and 2) to create and characterize multifunctional heterogeneous biomacromolecular assemblies that will facilitate energy harvesting applications. To accomplish these goals, a holistic approach was taken both experimentally and computationally that helped build a foundation for a new paradigm in biotechnology. Specifically, we designed, developed and created these systems at the molecular level while using a systems level process view to guide the designs.
Progressive Glass Segmentation

Glass is very common in the real world. Influenced by the uncertainty about the glass region and the varying complex scenes behind the glass, the existence of glass poses severe challenges to many computer vision tasks, making glass segmentation as an important computer vision task. Glass does not have its own visual appearances but only transmit/reflect the appearances of its surroundings, making it fundamentally different from other common objects. To address such a challenging task, existing methods typically explore and combine useful cues from different levels of features in the deep network. As there exists a characteristic gap between level-different features, i.e., deep layer features embed more high-level semantics and are better at locating the target objects while shallow layer features have larger spatial sizes and keep richer and more detailed low-level information, fusing these features naively thus would lead to a sub-optimal solution. In this paper, we approach the effective features fusion towards accurate glass segmentation in two steps. First, we attempt to bridge the characteristic gap between different levels of features by developing a Discriminability Enhancement (DE) module which enables level-specific features to be a more discriminative representation, alleviating the features incompatibility for fusion. Second, we design a Focus-and-Exploration Based Fusion (FEBF) module to richly excavate useful information in the fusion process by highlighting the common and exploring the difference between level-different features. Combining these two steps, we construct a Progressive Glass Segmentation Network (PGSNet) which uses multiple DE and FEBF modules to progressively aggregate features from high-level to low-level, implementing a coarse-to-fine glass segmentation. In addition, we build the first home-scene-oriented glass segmentation dataset for advancing household robot applications and in-depth research on this topic. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms 26 cutting-edge models on three challenging datasets under four standard metrics. The code and dataset will be made publicly available.
Early IL-17A production helps establish Mycobacterium intracellulare infection in mice

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is common in patients with structural lung damage. To address how NTM infection is established and causes lung damage, we established an NTM mouse model by intranasal inoculation of clinical isolates of M. intracellulare. During the 39-week course of infection, the bacteria persistently grew in the lung and caused progressive granulomatous and fibrotic lung damage with mortality exceeding 50%. Lung neutrophils were significantly increased at 1 week postinfection, reduced at 2 weeks postinfection and increased again at 39 weeks postinfection. IL-17A was increased in the lungs at 1–2 weeks of infection and reduced at 3 weeks postinfection. Depletion of neutrophils during early (0–2 weeks) and late (32–34 weeks) infection had no effect on mortality or lung damage in chronically infected mice. However, neutralization of IL-17A during early infection significantly reduced bacterial burden, fibrotic lung damage, and mortality in chronically infected mice. Since it is known that IL-17A regulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and that MMPs contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, we determined the levels of MMPs in the lungs of M. intracellulare-infected mice. Interestingly, MMP-3 was significantly reduced by anti-IL-17A neutralizing antibody. Moreover, in vitro data showed that exogenous IL-17A exaggerated the production of MMP-3 by lung epithelial cells upon M. intracellulare infection. Collectively, our findings suggest that early IL-17A production precedes and promotes organized pulmonary M. intracellulare infection in mice, at least in part through MMP-3 production.
Climate change increases risk of extreme rainfall following wildfire in the western United States

Post-wildfire extreme rainfall events can have destructive impacts in the western United States. Using two climate model large ensembles, we assess the future risk of extreme fire weather events being followed by extreme rainfall in this region. By mid-21st century, in a high warming scenario (RCP8.5), we report large increases in the number of extreme fire weather events followed within 1 year by at least one extreme rainfall event. By 2100, the frequency of these compound events increases by 100% in California and 700% in the Pacific Northwest in the Community Earth System Model v1 Large Ensemble. We further project that more than 90% of extreme fire weather events in California, Colorado, and the Pacific Northwest will be followed by at least three spatially colocated extreme rainfall events within five years. Our results point to a future with substantially increased post-fire hydrologic risks across much of the western United States.
HAWC load simulation of generic 5MW offshore wind turbine model

This report contains the result of a HAWC load simulation of a 5 MW wind turbine. The turbine data is fabricated for the purpose of comparing different codes for simulation of wind turbine load. The work has been carried out in connection with the Recoff (REcommendations for design of OFFshore wind turbines) project financed by the European Commission. The project is further described at http://www.risoe. dk/vea/recoff. ISBN 87-550-3364-4 ISSN 0106-2840 Print: Danka Services International A/S, 2004
Biomarkers of the transsulfuration pathway and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Previous studies have suggested that components of one‐carbon metabolism, particularly circulating vitamin B6, have an etiological role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Vitamin B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway. We sought to holistically investigate the role of the transsulfuration pathway in RCC risk. We conducted a nested case‐control study (455 RCC cases and 455 matched controls) within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Plasma samples from the baseline visit were analyzed for metabolites of the transsulfuration pathway, including pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (PLP, the biologically active form of vitamin B6), homocysteine, serine, cystathionine, and cysteine, in addition to folate. Bayesian conditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations of metabolites with RCC risk as well as interactions with established RCC risk factors. Circulating PLP and cysteine were inversely associated with RCC risk, and these associations were not attenuated after adjustment for other transsulfuration metabolites (odds ratio (OR) and 90% credible interval (CrI) per 1 SD increase in log concentration: 0.76 [0.66, 0.87]; 0.81 [0.66, 0.96], respectively). A comparison of joint metabolite profiles suggested substantially greater RCC risk for the profile representative of low overall transsulfuration function compared to high function (OR 2.70 [90% CrI 1.26, 5.70]). We found some statistical evidence of interactions of cysteine with body mass index, and PLP and homocysteine with smoking status, on their associations with RCC risk. In conclusion, we found evidence suggesting that the transsulfuration pathway may play a role in metabolic dysregulation leading to RCC development.
Physical and Sexual Violence and Sexual Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in 22 U.S. Cities—National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 2017

National prevalence of physical and sexual violence and its relationship to sexual behaviors are unknown among men who have sex with men (MSM). We estimated 12-month prevalence of physical and sexual violence and assessed relationships between violence and sexual behaviors among MSM. Data were obtained from National HIV Behavioral Surveillance 2017 that used time-space sampling methods to recruit and interview MSM in 22 U.S. cities. Weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% CIs were calculated using logistic regression with predicted marginal means. Overall, 10.2% (95% CI: 9.3%–11.2%) of MSM experienced physical violence only, 3.2% (95% CI: 2.7%–3.7%) experienced sexual violence only, and 2.3% (95% CI: 1.9%–2.7%) experienced both types of violence, in the past 12 months. Compared to MSM who did not experience violence, those who did reported higher percentages of unemployment, poverty, homelessness, same-sex discrimination, non-injection drug use, and binge drinking. Violence was not independently associated with condomless anal sex among MSM. MSM who experienced both types of violence were more likely than those who did not experience violence to have had four or more male sex partners (aPR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02–1.37). MSM who experienced both types of violence (aPR=2.49, 95% CI: 1.52–4.09), sexual violence (aPR=2.27, 95% CI: 1.47–3.52), or physical violence (aPR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.27–2.44) were more likely than those who did not experience violence to have had exchange sex. Recent physical violence and sexual violence are common among MSM. Findings highlight the importance of violence screening and suggest the need for tailored interventions that improve the safety and economic security of MSM who experience violence, including those who exchange sex.