Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crowdsourcing the mapping problem for design space exploration of custom reconfigurable architecture designs

One of the grand challenges in the design of portable/wearable electronics is to achieve optimal efficiency and flexibility in a tiny low power package. Coarse grained reconfigurable architectures (CGRAs) hold great promise for low power, high performance, and flexible designs for a domain of applications. CGRAs are very promising due to the ability to highly customize such architectures to an application domain. However, greater customization makes the mapping of applications onto these architectures very challenging. Good tools and fast, effective mapping algorithms are needed to support design space exploration for CGRAs. In particular, the mapping problem has been difficult to solve in a satisfying and general way. In this paper, we present an architectural design flow using crowdsourcing to provide mappings of benchmarks onto new architectures. We show that the crowd can provide high quality, reliable mappings, significantly outperforming our custom Simulated Annealing algorithm in almost all cases. We further show that the crowd can provide other types of feedback that are difficult to obtain from an automatic mapping algorithm. Our proof of concept cross-architectural study supports an 8Way or 4Way1Hop architecture as a top choice, concludes that a custom modification that constrains inputs and outputs consumes less energy but requires more area than its less constrained counterpart, and suggests that Stripe architectures are interesting to consider because they perform nearly as well as our mesh variants and may present a more straightforward mapping problem for the crowd or an automatic mapping algorithm.
Transmission over Cognitive Radio Channel with Novel Secure LT Code

With the increasing of communication applications in recent years, the demand for radio spectral resources has increased significantly. Cognitive radio scenario was proposed to improve spectrum efficiency in wireless communication systems. In cognitive radio network, it is essential that control information is sent securely and reliably. Ensuring the trustworthiness of the transmitting of spectrum sensing information is important in the CR networks since spectrum sensing directly affects spectrum management and incumbent coexistence. In this paper, the first secondary link channel model is presented, then a secure LT Code is proposed to be compatible with presented channel model and acquires good QoS. As we may know, LT code overcomes packet loss when the channel of the SU is reclaimed by PU. In the new proposed combined encoding and ciphered block, a LT code matrix is used to generate a symmetric cryptographic key. Thus, less complexity observed in the processing computation. Besides, cryptographic key is not sent over the channel. As a result, an attacker has no way to eavesdrop the key unless he is prepared to consider all possible key combinations. This replaced block supplies secure controlling channel and increases spectrum efficiency too.
Bioactive Indanes: Comparative in vitro Metabolism Study of PH46A, a New Potential Anti-inflammatory Agent and Biosynthesis of its Primary Metabolite PH132

PH46A is the lead of a new class of bioactive indanes with potential for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. A qualitative in vitro metabolism profile of PH46A was investigated in preclinical studies, and the rate of its metabolism in cryopreserved hepatocytes prepared from male Sprague Dawley rat, Beagle dog, Cynomolgus monkey and pooled mixed gender human was compared by LC-MS. The clearance order of PH46A was determined to be rat>dog>monkey>human. The species tested which exhibited the closest clearance values to the human was monkey. Following incubation of PH46A with cryopreserved hepatocytes, 5 metabolites were identified, including M1 (keto-PH46), M2 (PH46-OH, PH132), M3 (PH46-diOH), M4 (keto-glucuronide-PH46) and M5 (glucuronide conjugate-PH46). It was found that the human metabolites M2 and M5 were also present in rat, dog and monkey, while M1 was present in all species except monkey. M2 was detected in dog and monkey by LC1 conditions, but only in dog by LC2. Therefore, the metabolism in rat was most similar to human, in terms of the metabolites observed, but all putative human metabolites were present in rat and dog. We further explored the characterization of key metabolite M2 (PH46-OH). Identical PH46-OH was obtained via a bio-catalytic oxidation method from PH46 using rat liver microsomes (RLM) and the human liver P450s (Cyp2D6, Cyp 2C19 and Cyp 4A11) following screening of selectAZyme panels of microbial P450s, recombinant human liver P450s and different microsomes. RLM was used in scale up production and PH132 was isolated and characterized as 4-(((1’S,2’S)-1’,6-dihydroxy-1’,3’-dihydro- 1H,2’H-[2,2’-biinden]-2’-yl)methyl) benzoic acid via LC-MS/MS, NMR and HRMS. The site of hydroxylation on the biindane scaffold was unexpected. The outcomes of these studies have provided valuable information for future pharmacokinetic and in vivo toxicological investigations.
Achievement of Quality, Productivity for Market through KaizenImplementation in Ethiopia

The research was based on the kaizen implementation in Finca’a sugar factory due to the fact that the factory was considered as the role model within the country following its achievement of earning birr 55.6 million birr from first year result of kaizen implementation. This achievement enables the factory to be the first among Kaizen implementers in 2013, and receive Excellence award from Ethiopian kaizen institute in the same year. The following results for Finca’a sugar factory such as financial, cost reduction, obtaining additional income, decrease down time, defects reduction, re usage of machines and equipments by repairing, increasing labor productivity by reducing time loss for searching for tools, additional space obtained, defect improvement, lead time improvement, clean working environments creation, team work and motivation of workers development, health and occupational safety workers improvement, increasing labor employee participation, knowledge obtained on how to meet quick delivery to reduce costs were studied.
Impact of the altimeter orbit on the reproduction of oceanic rings - application to a regional model of the gulf-stream

The impact of three altimeter sampling patterns (Geosat, ERS-1 and Topex-Poseidon) on the estimation of mesoscale eddy sea surface height anomalies is investigated in detail by making use of a regional model of the Gulf Stream and of an objective analysis. It is shown that, in a domain-averaged statistical sense, track sequencing does not appear to be of importance in the eddy field recovery. On the other hand, significant differences appear when one starts to look at specific processes such as rings. Qualitatively speaking, the manner in which a ring's signature is represented depends strongly upon the altimeter orbit choice. A higher space sampling such as ERS-1 is preferable in order to keep track of a ring, but to the detriment of its amplitude. A low space sampling (or high time sampling) such as Topex-Poseidon does not provide enough information and the ring's signature vanishes from the resulting maps.
Intermittent Hypoxia in Pancreatic beta Cells

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) a highly prevalent disorder, and characterized by repetitive episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH), i.e. recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation during sleep, the development of daytime sleepiness, and deterioration in the quality of life. Multiple epidemiological studies have provided evidence implicating the presence of SAS as a risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes and have reported that type 2 diabetes is associated with SAS independently of age, sex, and body habitus. One of the postulated mechanisms for the metabolic alterations associated with SAS is that IH leads to substantial alterations in both pancreatic β cell function and organ glucose homeostasis. On the other hand, hyperglycemia is known to increase the rate of β cell replication, which can provide an increased source of insulin to combat insulin resistance. Although accumulating evidence suggests associations between SAS and type 2 diabetes, the direct effect of IH on pancreatic β cell has been unknown. In this review, we focus on the impact of IH on pancreatic β cells, particularly β cell dysfunction and cell proliferation.
Particle Motion around Charged Black Holes in Generalized Dilaton-Axion Gravity

The behaviour of massive and massless test particles around asymptotically flat and spherically symmetric, charged black holes in the context of generalized dilaton-axion gravity in four dimensions is studied. All the possible motions are investigated by calculating and plotting the corresponding effective potential for the massless and massive particles as well. Further, the motion of massive (charged or uncharged) test particles in the gravitational field of charged black holes in generalized dilaton-axion gravity for the cases of static and nonstatic equilibrium is investigated by applying the Hamilton-Jacobi approach.
An Integrated Model to Explain Inter-Relationships in Travel Behaviours

This study focuses on the decision making process of international tourists traveling to Tanzania. An integrated approach is proposed to understand the interrelationships among tourist motivations, expectations, place identity and place dependence. Specifically, travel motivations directly affect tourist’s expectations and these expectations have impact on place identity and place dependence. Finally, place identity affects place dependence, both being components of place attachment. The model is based on the theory that potential tourists form their experiences in a path order that is at the start or even stage of planning the itinerary, during their stay and finally when building their attachment as well as future choices towards destinations. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data in which a convenience sampling method was employed. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis in which out of 700 collected questionnaires, 504 responses were retained for analysis. The empirical findings of this study recognize and account for the fact that travel motivation can only be understood by focusing on several underlying factors. Also, the empirical findings recognize that different experiences release and stimulate identification processes, which further strengthen the attachment of tourists to the site they visit. Other researchers can make use of theories developed in this study to come up with more lucid models in different contexts. Keywords : travel motivations; travel expectations; place identity; place dependence
Predation-mediated selection on prey morphology: a test using snowshoe hares

Predation has been implicated in the evolution of many prey characteristics. However, few studies have measured the strength and direction of predation-mediated selection on prey morphology. I tested whether predation exerted directional selective pressure on morphometric measures related to skeletal size in snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Hares were live-trapped at six study sites in Idaho and monitored between 1998 and 2000. Each hare was characterized using hind-foot length, snout-to-vent length and mass. All trapped individuals (n = 103) were equipped with mortality-sensitive radio-collars and predation events were identified. The force of selection on morphology was measured using both multiple linear regression and path analysis. Multiple regression furnished directional selection gradients indicating that predation exerted positive directional selection on both hind-foot length and snout-to-vent length; conversely, the path-analytic model implied that predation-mediated selection acted only on size-adjusted snout-to-vent length (i.e. shape rather than size), favouring juveniles with relatively long bodies. Based on the agreement between the two analytic procedures for snout-to-vent length, I concluded that juvenile hares with small size-adjusted snout-to-vent lengths (i.e. newly weaned individuals) were disproportionately vulnerable to predation, perhaps because this measure is positively correlated with escape speed.
Production Techniques and Technological Orientation on the Performance of Manufacturing Industries in Nigeria

Nigerian production system are still at a very low level stage since many of its operators are still using the traditionalbased approaches rather than adopting modern technologies (Apulu, 2012). These study broad objective determine the influence of production techniques and technological orientation on the performance of manufacturing industries in Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive survey design of ten (10) manufacturing industries which cut across Kaduna, Kano and Jigawa State of Nigeria. Regression analysis was used in determining the relationship between production techniques and organizational performance. The result shows that, correlation coefficient ® is 0.741, implying that there is a strong positive relationship between performance (Y) and production technique (X) on first hypothesis while the second hypothesis of Regression result on technological orientation and the performance of manufacturing industries in Nigeria shows that computed correlation coefficient ® is 0.888, this implying that there is also a strong positive relationship between Performance (Y) and technological orientation (X). The findings and recommendations called upon organizational owners and managers to go for deep environmental scanning and be creative and innovative to transit into technological trend of meeting up with today’s global challenges.
Modelling the impact of compulsory FMD insurance

This paper compares two ways of financing the combating of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in the EU and uses a simulation model to determine the welfare and production implications of the two systems. The two systems analysed are (i) financing by the tax payers, resembling the system currently in place, and (ii) a compulsory insurance scheme where all costs are converted into regionally differentiated insurance premiums that are paid by the producers. The analysis indicates that welfare gains may be realised by shifting from the former to the latter financing system.
Creation of Price Image Measurement Scale and Comparing Perceptions of Price Image Dimensions of Two Sales Formats

The measures of price image proposed by the literature are mostly multidimensional and fail to consider the richness of this concept. This study proposes a measure of price image. An exploratory and qualitative study helped generate a pool of items. Then the obtained list has been subject to a questionnaire-based survey in order to determine the dimensions that would better conceptualise price image in the context of purchasing cosmetic products and perfumes. Three dimensions have been identified: the dimensions of “price security”, “proposed brand” and “value”. These dimensions have been then compared to unveil the difference between a specialised store price image and a non-specialised store price image. A mean difference test is conducted to attest for the hypothesis that a non-specialised store price image is evaluated more positively than a specialised store price image. Our study is nonetheless limited. The implications and limitations of our study open up new research venues worth exploring.
Changes in the bacterioplankton community of oligotrophic Lake Stechlin (northeastern Germany) after humic matter addition

In an effort to better understand the dynamics of members of the bacterioplankton community in relation to humic matter (HM) addition, and to provide insight into the ecology of common and persistent as well as transient freshwater bacteria, we designed a study with a batch and a dilution approach. We used single vs. repeated HM additions in incubations with bacterial communities from the epilimnion (0―10 m) and hypolimnion (40 m) of oligotrophic Lake Stechlin (northeastern Germany). Molecular methods were applied for detailed phylogenetic characterization of bacterial community composition (BCC) every 2 wk over 8 wk of incubation at in situ temperature. Whereas no significant differences in the development of BCC in batch vs. dilution cultures were observed, the BCC of epilimnic and hypolimnic samples greatly differed. This indicates that HM addition led to the establishment of a highly specific but different BCC depending on the source community in combination with the respective in situ temperature. Further, DGGE banding patterns revealed a high variability in the BCC of epilimnic and hypolimnic samples. Betaproteobacteria were consistently present and specific Alphaproteobacteria, such as members of the Roseisalinus group, Bacteroidetes, and Deltaproteobacteria were enriched only after HM addition. Other phylogenetic groups, including Actinobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, were only sporadically present. Our approach resulted in the cultivation of a variety of bacteria such as Lysobacter, Methylobacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhodopila, and Variovorax species. The addition of HM selected for specific HM-degrading bacterial phylotypes, which are found at different depths even in the clear waters of Lake Stechlin.
Determination of Sugars and Saccharides in Beer

The concentration of total saccharides including polyols and sugars belongs to one of the main values of basic nutrition labelling information of food as well as beer. The article informs about the method of these compounds, describes its chemical and analytical principles, validation parameters and clearly explains how the method is applied in the beer analysis.
Environmental Impacts of Electricity Sector in Taiwan by Using Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment: The Role of Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Electricity has played a critical role in supporting industrial development and economic growth in Taiwan. In this study, input-output analysis is combined with life cycle assessment to evaluate the total environmental impacts (including direct and indirect) of the electricity sector in Taiwan. The results indicate that the environmental impacts of Taiwan's electricity sector increased from 2001 to 2006, and 85% of these are focused on eight related sectors. In addition, ”human health” suffers from the most significant environmental impact, followed by ”resources”, ”climate change” and ”ecosystem quality”. Although direct environmental impacts are significant, especially with regard to climate change, indirect environmental impacts are gradually increasing. Because the electricity sector is linked to many other sectors, there would be an underestimation of CO2 emissions and other environmental impacts if the indirect effects from the related sectors were omitted from the calculations. These indirect impacts mainly come from the ”non-metallic minerals”, ”petroleum refining products” and ”other metals” sectors, and the technology used in these three sectors needs to improve and become more environmentally-friendly. Other suggestions to promote the sustainable development of Taiwan's electricity sector include upgrading energy efficiency, implementing stricter effluent regulatory standards, maximizing energy security with a higher proportion of renewable energy sources, phasing out old fossil fuel plant facilities, seeking international cooperation for CCS technology, and promoting energy-saving by providing economic incentives. This study is of value to the government and relevant industries that are working to identify the total environmental impacts of their energy policies, and to plan mitigation strategies and policy implementations to reduce CO2 emissions and control pollution.
“Algorithms & Combinatorics of Repetitions in Strings”

Repetitions in strings constitute one of the most fundamental areas of string combinatorics with exactly essential applications to text algorithms, data compression, and also analysis of biological sequences. It is relevant to periodicities, regularities, and compression. The higher compression rate can be obtained from the repetitive behavior of strings, and reversely some compression techniques are at the core of fast algorithms for detecting repetitions. Repetitions are highly periodic factors (or substrings) in strings, there are various type of repetitions such as repeat, repetition, squares, cubes, palindrome, maximal periodicitiie which is also called runs. The aim of this thesis is concentrated on the repetitions in strings in algorithmic and combinatorics approaches as they are very intricate and plenty of interesting works remain as open problems. The critical study of this thesis firstly approach to the maximal periodicities or runs. It presents in Algorithmics of repetitions, local periods and critical factorization. An algorithm is designed in order to compute all runs for a string drawn from an infinite alphabet. On a string of length n, the algorithm runs optimally in time O(n log n) while there is a linear number of runs. The key model of computation is the comparison of letters which is done with the equality operator only. Under the same proposition, another time-optimal algorithm is created. This gives the same running time to compute local periods and all critical factorisations. The prefix table of input strings is applied as the main tool of those algorithms. In this study, we also design a simple algorithm based on the Dictionary of Basic Factors of the input string. The notion of Gapped Palindrome and its Anti-exponent goes toward this research. A palindrome is a string x = a1 · · ·an which is equal to its reversal x̃ = an · · ·a1. The definition of a gapped palindromes is given by a string of the form uvũ, where u, v are strings, |v| ≥ 2, and ũ is the reversal of u. Replicating the standard notion of string exponent, we together define the anti-exponent of a gapped palindrome uvũ as the quotient of |uvũ| by |uv|. In this work, an algorithm is described to compute the maximal anti-exponent of
Probing the local structure of the near-infrared emitting persistent phosphor LiGa5O8:Cr3+

Near-infrared emitting persistent phosphors have promising applications in the field of in vivo medical imaging. In this paper, we prepared the persistent phosphor LiGa5O8:Cr3+ (LGO:Cr) which exhibits emission in the tissue transparency window and shows afterglow for multiple hours after excitation. Addition of Si or Ge improves the persistent luminescence. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, coupled with elemental analysis, revealed that there is a maximum amount of Si or Ge that can be incorporated in the host. Via X-ray absorption spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance experiments, we studied the local environment of chromium in the LGO spinel host. The presence of both Cr3+ and Cr4+ on octahedral sites in LGO was confirmed. Electron paramagnetic resonance showed that Cr3+ resides in a rhombically distorted octahedral lattice site and that the Cr3+ local environment is sensitive to variation in point defects in the surrounding.