Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A general factor of personality in a sample of inmates: Associations with indicators of life-history strategy and covitality

This study looked for a General Factor of Personality (GFP) in a sample of male convicts (N=226; mean age 32 years). The GFP was extracted from seven broad personality traits: FFM factors, Amoralism (the negative pole of the lexical Honesty-Humility factor) and Disintegration (operationalization of Schizotypy). Three first-order factors were extracted, labeled Dysfunctionality, Antisociality and Openness, and GFP was found through the hierarchical factor analysis. The nature of the GFP was explored through analysis of its relations with markers of fast Life-History strategy and covitality. The results demonstrated that the GFP is associated with unrestricted sexual behavior, medical problems, mental problems, early involvement in criminal activity and stability of criminal behavior. The evidence shows that the GFP is a meaningful construct on the highest level of personality structure. It may represent a personality indicator of fitness-related characteristics and could be useful in research of personality in an evolutionary context.
Diapycnal and Isopycnal Transports in the Southern Ocean Estimated by a Box Inverse Model

Quantitative descriptions of Circumpolar Deep Water upwelling and evolution into a lighter mode and heavier bottom waters in the Southern Ocean are still not well constrained. Here, data from two occupations of eight hydrographic sections are combined and used in a box inverse model to estimate isopycnal and diapycnal transportsintheSouthernOcean.Amixedlayerboxallowsdiapycnaltransportsinthesurfacemixedlayertobe estimated separately. Current velocity at 1000 dbar was constrained by the mean velocity field estimated from subsurfacefloatdriftdata.Theestimatedisopycnaltransportsarelargelyconsistentwithpastestimatesandwith outputs of three ocean general circulation models. The estimated subduction and upwelling at the base of the SouthernOceanmixedlayershowthatUpperCircumpolarDeepWaterupwells[16615and17621Sv(where 1Sv[ 10 6 m 3 s 21 ) by different inversion methods] and evolves into heavier Lower Circumpolar Deep Water (5 6 13 and 6 6 18Sv) and Bottom Water (86 9a nd 86 13Sv) or lighter Mode and Intermediate Waters (96 18 and 13 6 24Sv). Meridional transport in the surface mixed layer is due to northward Ekman transport and mostly southward eddy transport. In seasonal ice-covered areas near Antarctica, a significant (14 6 14Sv) southward transport was found. The southward eddy transport is largest north of the Antarctic Circumpolar Currentanddecreasespolewardbecauseofthepolewarddecreaseintheeddydiffusivity.Theinteriordiapycnal transports, which can be either upward (gaining buoyancy) or downward (gaining density), are comparable in magnitude to the horizontal diapycnal transports within the surface mixed layer.
SUMOylation coordinates BERosome assembly in active DNA demethylation during cell differentiation

During active DNA demethylation, 5‐methylcytosine (5mC) is oxidized by TET proteins to 5‐formyl‐/5‐carboxylcytosine (5fC/5caC) for replacement by unmethylated C by TDG‐initiated DNA base excision repair (BER). Base excision generates fragile abasic sites (AP‐sites) in DNA and has to be coordinated with subsequent repair steps to limit accumulation of genome destabilizing secondary DNA lesions. Here, we show that 5fC/5caC is generated at a high rate in genomes of differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells and that SUMOylation and the BER protein XRCC1 play critical roles in orchestrating TDG‐initiated BER of these lesions. SUMOylation of XRCC1 facilitates physical interaction with TDG and promotes the assembly of a TDG‐BER core complex. Within this TDG‐BERosome, SUMO is transferred from XRCC1 and coupled to the SUMO acceptor lysine in TDG, promoting its dissociation while assuring the engagement of the BER machinery to complete demethylation. Although well‐studied, the biological importance of TDG SUMOylation has remained obscure. Here, we demonstrate that SUMOylation of TDG suppresses DNA strand‐break accumulation and toxicity to PARP inhibition in differentiating mESCs and is essential for neural lineage commitment.
Use of Models in Reverse Thinking

 The fact that students tend to somewhat ignore the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects can be linked to their belief that the knowledge given in school on these subjects are hopelessly out of date, useless in everyday practice, and therefore, they lack motivation. This belief gets even stronger since the Internet is full with answers and ready-made solutions to handle all the question viewed during the study process. Comprehension of the subject and other things become insignificant if the subject itself is considered useless. For the subject not to be absolutely rejected, each course should include the basic philosophy, structure, and the themes currently viewed in the field as well as the necessary minimum to start getting acquainted with the topicalities of the subject. It is obvious that in a STEM subject (the study courses of STEM subjects have less or almost enough information to start getting acquainted with the topicalities) the comprehension is important. If it lacks, the student starts to dislike and reject the subject. This is also true in everyday life when encountering new concepts, relations, engineer technical solutions, etc., new things. Therefore, alongside building motivation, means of gaining comprehension must be found and knowledge must be used not only in the field of the given subject. For this purpose, reverse thinking is the useful as described in this paper. If someone has the ability to reduce matters of a subject to fit other things of other persons or things previously known to him/her, it is an example of only restricted reverse thinking. If the person has the ability to do so unintentionally in any situation, it can be called reverse thinking as we understand it. Practice of creation and usage of the models in a given subject + models in other subjects and demonstration how this approach is used universally and intentionally show that this approach let you understand a lot of new things, gradually habituates to unintentional use the models and helps to “understand the idea,” and finally, leading to subconscious use of the models. Reverse thinking is one of phenomenons typical to the human brain and, as the eight years long practice shows (see http://www.goerudio.com), is actually possible. Students are able to create models that answer the question “why,” but the created model basis allows inventing or re-discovering the same thing again. This already is an experimental result and is available in the public space (see http://www.goerudio.com), showing the student models for STEM subject
Complex patterns of morphological and mtDNA variation in Lacerta perspicillata (Reptilia; Lacertidae)

Lacerta perspicillata is a north-west African lacertid lizard that shows considerable intraspecific variation, with three subspecies described on the basis of colour pattern and body size. Recent observations of a population con- taining two morphological forms and more than one deep genetic lineage, as well as an apparent lack of concordance between forms and genetic lineages, suggest that the complexity is greater than previously thought. To analyse and quantify this variation, we studied the variability within this species at two levels: (1) external morphology (multivariate analysis of scalation, body dimensions, and colour pattern) and (2) mtDNA (sequencing and single- strand confirmation polymorphism analysis). Fifty-two individuals were studied at Taza, northern Morocco. Two morphological groupings (ostensibly representing two previously described subspecies) and two deep mtDNA lin- eages were detected at this site, with complete correspondence between the two. This, together with an apparent lack of hybrids, would normally support respective full species recognition. However, analysis of 98 individuals from other populations demonstrated that the situation is highly complex with the same genetic lineages having reversed mor- photypes in other areas, making such a designation difficult. Across the other studied populations, we found no sup- port for any of the currently recognized subspecies. The lack of congruence between mtDNA lineages and morphometric patterns (in some cases) and the morphological similarity among lizards from different lineages sug- gest ecophenotypic convergence or multiple introgressive hybridization. The study highlights the tremendous com- plexity that may exist within a taxon and the inadequacy of older alpha-taxonomy based designations in describing it. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 90 , 479-490. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: Balearic Islands - genetic variation - lizard - morphology - North Africa.
“To encourage people to think” – The power of building control inspectors in sustainable construction.

In England, national building regulations govern aspects of a building’s environmental performance. Compliance with the regulations is assessed by Building Control Inspectors who review designs and inspect on-site construction. However, little research has been carried out previously to investigate the role of these professionals in sustainable construction. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 building inspectors and four key informants from relevant professional bodies in England. Half of the building inspectors were based in private firms and half in local authorities. The building inspectors tended to position their power as wholly derived from the regulations. However, this stood in contrast to their descriptions of day-to-day activities and objectives which included providing advice and guidance, effective membership of design teams and a collaborative relationship with contractors/builders, architects and members of the public. Application of French and Raven’s (1959; Raven 1992) typology of power demonstrates that, in fact, other bases of power are available to, and are used by, building inspectors. Beyond the ‘reward’ and ‘coercive’ bases intrinsic to certification and regulation, and the ‘formal legitimate’ power of their legislative role, the building inspectors also deploy ‘expert’ and ‘informational’ power. The primary conclusion is that, with greater recognition of the varied bases of influence available to them, building inspectors could extend their influence in daily working interactions to optimise environmental design solutions.
Detecting miRNA Mentions and Relations in Biomedical Literature (version 3; referees: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have demonstrated their potential as Introduction: post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, participating in a wide spectrum of regulatory events such as apoptosis, differentiation, and stress response. Apart from the role of miRNAs in normal physiology, their dysregulation is implicated in a vast array of diseases. Dissection of miRNA-related associations are valuable for contemplating their mechanism in diseases, leading to the discovery of novel miRNAs for disease prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy. Apart from databases and prediction tools, miRNA-related Motivation: information is largely available as unstructured text. Manual retrieval of these associations can be labor-intensive due to steadily growing number of publications. Additionally, most of the published miRNA entity recognition methods are keyword based, further subjected to manual inspection for retrieval of relations. Despite the fact that several databases host miRNA-associations derived from text, lower sensitivity and lack of published details for miRNA entity recognition and associated relations identification has motivated the need for developing comprehensive methods that are freely available for the scientific community. Additionally, the lack of a standard corpus for miRNA-relations has caused difficulty in evaluating the available systems. We propose methods to automatically extract mentions of miRNAs, species, genes/proteins, disease, and relations from scientific literature. Our generated corpora, along with dictionaries, and miRNA regular expression are freely available for academic purposes. To our knowledge, these resources are the most comprehensive developed so far. The identification of specific miRNA mentions reaches a recall of 0.94 Results: and precision of 0.93. Extraction of miRNA-disease and miRNA-gene relations lead to an score of up to 0.76. A comparison of the information extracted by F our approach to the databases and for the extraction of miR2Disease miRSel 1,2 3 1,2 1
Course Notes Bilbao 2013 Numerical Methods in High Dimensions Lecture 2: Compressed Sensing

Compressed sensing studies the question of capturing a signal with the fewest number of measurements. This lecture will study discrete compressed sensing where the signal is a vector x in R N with N very large and we are allowed to query x by asking for its inner product with any vectors y of our choosing. We want to keep the number of such querries small but still capture x either exactly or with high accuracy. This subject has its origins in the theory of Banach spaces in the late 1970’s but laid dormant for decades because it was not clear how these results could be used in a practical setting. It has gotten renewed interest in the last several years through the work of several researcher but most prominently
Jet Physics at the LHC

The production and propagation of high pT probes can explore the mechanisms of parton energy loss, deconfinement in the medium, and shed light on the relevant phys- ical mechanisms and the microscopic properties of the medium formed in the heavy-ion collisions. In particular, partonic energy loss results in significant modification of jet spectra. The LHC opened a new era in heavy-ion physics bringing, among several, the hard probes to unreached region of the phase-space. Some of the jet physics results are discussed. High energy partons interact with the medium and loose energy, primarily through induced gluon radiation and, to a smaller extent, elastic scattering (1). The theory of parton energy loss in hot matter has come a long way from the "jet quenching" predictions by Bjorken and others (2) describing radiative energy loss by a fast parton. Experimentally, several methods are used to address such questions, generally through comparison of the relative production of single particles suppression at RHIC to fully reconstructed jets at the LHC in nuclear collisions to expectations from a superposition of independent nucleon-nucleon collisions. The thermal scale, set by the medium temperature, is very important for the parton energy loss. More specifically, the coupling between partons and medium at large scales, of the order of the initial parton energy, may be weak, governed by perturbative dynamics, and factorize from the medium. At lower scales of the order of 1 GeV, the coupling between the jet and the medium may be strong. Jet reconstruction and measurements of the jet properties aim to quantify the in-medium jet energy loss and capture the dynamics of jet quenching. At low particle momenta, the underlying event, even if considered as a background contribution to the hard probes because uncorrelated to the hard parton scattering, is an important element of the hadronic environment consisting of complex contributions, spanning over nonperturbative and perturbative QCD and including sensitivities to multiscale and low x physics. Jet reconstruction in heavy-ion collisions proceed against this large background, resulting very challenging. Dedicated algorithms and background subtraction techniques have been developed and optimized to reconstruct the collimated spray of particles associated with the original parton and contained in the jet cone radius fixed by the specific algorithm (4, 5). At the LHC, fully reconstructed jets are available over a wide pT range at √ sNN = 2.76 TeV confirming and extending the suppression pattern already observed for charged particles both at these energies and at lower collision energies (i.e. RHIC). However, although the original parton energy is better reconstructed in a jet than by tagging only a fast hadron, the single inclusive jet suppression is similar to that of single hadrons. This can be understood if parton energy loss is predominantly through radiation outside the jet cone radius used in the jet reconstruction algorithm.
Are Recessions Harmful to Health After All?: Evidence from the European Union

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of national unemployment rates on overall age and cause-specific mortality rates in a panel sample of 13 European Union countries. Design/methodology/approach - A fixed-effects model is used to control for unobserved time-invariant characteristics within countries. In addition, controls such as lifestyle risk factors, urbanisation and medical intervention indicators, for potential confounders are used. Findings - Contrary to some recent evidence this study shows that there is a strong, positive relationship between adverse economic conditions and mortality. This is in contrast to findings about the US case. Originality/value - This paper revisits the issue of the unemployment-mortality relationship by utilising fixed effect models with controls for various indicators that are expected to affect mortality, in contrast to previous studies.
Experimental studies of aero-optical properties of subsonic turbulent boundary layers

Abstract This paper gives the most-complete characterization to date of the optical aberrations imposed on a laser beam propagated through a subsonic, compressible, turbulent boundary layer in a zero-pressure gradient environment, over a range of boundary-layer thicknesses, oblique propagation angles and Mach numbers. This characterization is based on optical measurements using optical-wavefront-sensing instruments that have only become available in the last decade. The optical characterization includes and discusses in detail: optical-wavefront spectra, convective velocities of optically active large-scale structures and correlation functions in both streamwise and cross-stream directions, as well as root-mean-square optical path difference levels for different apertures. The scaling law based on the extended strong Reynolds analogy is derived and is shown to successfully collapse optical data collected in a number of facilities. Anisotropy of aero-optical distortions for different oblique viewing angles was experimentally quantified and is discussed.
Extremely Red Submillimeter Galaxies: New z ≳ 4–6 Candidates Discovered Using ALMA and Jansky VLA

We present the detailed characterization of two extremely red submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), ASXDF1100.053. 1 and 231.1, with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Jansky Very Large Array. These SMGs were originally selected using AzTEC at 1100 μm, and are observed by Herschel to be faint at 100–500 μm. Their (sub)millimeter colors are as red as—or redder—than known z ≳ 5 SMGs; indeed, ASXDF1100.053. 1 is redder than HFLS 3, which lies at z = 6.3. They are also faint and red in the near-/mid-infrared: ∼1 μJy at IRAC 4.5 μm and <0.2 μJy in the Ks filter. These SMGs are also faint in the radio waveband, where F6GHz = 4.5 μJy for ASXDF1100.053. 1 and F1.4GHz = 28 μJy for ASXDF1100.231.1, suggestive of and for ASXDF1100.053. 1 and 231.1, respectively. ASXDF1100.231.1 has a flux excess in the 3.6 μm filter, probably due to Hα emission at z = 4–5. Derived properties of ASXDF1100.053. 1 for z = 5.5–7.5 and 231.1 for z = 3.5–5.5 are as follows: their infrared luminosities are [6.5 − 7.4] × 1012 and [4.2–4.5] × 1012 L⊙; their stellar masses are [0.9–2] × 1011 and [0.4–3] × 1010 M⊙; their circularized half-light radii in the ALMA maps are ∼1 and ≲0.2 kpc (∼2–3 kpc for 90% of the total flux). Last, their surface infrared luminosity densities, ΣIR, are ∼1 × 1012 and ≳1.5 × 1013 L⊙ kpc−2, similar to values seen for local (U)LIRGs. These data suggest that ASXDF1100.053. 1 and 231.1 are compact SMGs at z ≳ 4 and can plausibly evolve into z ≳ 3 compact quiescent galaxies.
Time-Domain Harmonic Balance Method for Turbomachinery Aeroelasticity

The present paper investigates a time-domain harmonic balance method as an alternative to classical time-marching schemes for stability studies of turbomachineries toward flutter. A weak-coupling approach is applied, which requires computing the fluid response to prescribed harmonic motions of the structure. The harmonic balance method, formulated in the arbitrary Lagrangian/Eulerian framework, is adapted to single-passage reduction using phase-lag boundary conditions expressed purely in the time domain. Validation against experimental data for the 11th standard configuration for aeroelasticity is performed, showing good agreement. Finally, an industrial test case is presented: a fan designed by Safran Snecma. The results show the good accuracy of the proposed harmonic balance method as well as significant reductions in computational time.
The persistence of a banking crisis

This paper analyses the effects of bank lending on GDP and employment. Following losses on international financial markets in 2008/09, a large German bank cut its lending to the German economy. I exploit variation in dependence on this bank across counties. To address the correlation between county GDP growth and dependence on this bank, I use the distance to the closest of three temporary, historic bank head offices as instrumental variable. The results show that the effects of the lending cut were persistent, and resembled the growth patterns of developed economies during and after the Great Recession. For two years, the lending cut reduced GDP growth. Thereafter, affected counties remained on a lower, parallel trend. The firm results exhibit similar dynamics, and show that the lending cut primarily affected capital expenditures. Overall, the lending cut reduced aggregate German GDP in 2012 by 3.9 percent, and employment by 2.3 percent. This shows that a single bank can persistently shape macroeconomic growth.
The Accent-protocol: a framework for benchmarking and model evaluation

Abstract. We summarise results from a workshop on "Model Benchmarking and Quality Assurance" of the EU-Network of Excellence ACCENT, including results from other activities (e.g. COST Action 732) and publications. A formalised evaluation protocol is presented, i.e. a generic formalism describing the procedure of how to perform a model evaluation. This includes eight steps and examples from global model applications which are given for illustration. The first and important step is concerning the purpose of the model application, i.e. the addressed underlying scientific or political question. We give examples to demonstrate that there is no model evaluation per se, i.e. without a focused purpose. Model evaluation is testing, whether a model is fit for its purpose. The following steps are deduced from the purpose and include model requirements, input data, key processes and quantities, benchmark data, quality indicators, sensitivities, as well as benchmarking and grading. We define "benchmarking" as the process of comparing the model output against either observational data or high fidelity model data, i.e. benchmark data. Special focus is given to the uncertainties, e.g. in observational data, which have the potential to lead to wrong conclusions in the model evaluation if not considered carefully.