Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Survey Observations to Study Chemical Evolution from High-mass Starless Cores to High-mass Protostellar Objects. II. HC3N and N2H+

We have carried out survey observations of molecular emission lines from HC3N, N2H+, CCS, and cyclic-C3H2 in the 81–94 GHz band toward 17 high-mass starless cores (HMSCs) and 28 high-mass prorostellar objects (HMPOs) with the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope. We have detected N2H+ in all of the target sources except one and HC3N in 14 HMSCs and in 26 HMPOs. We investigate the N(N2H+)/N(HC3N) column density ratio as a chemical evolutionary indicator of massive cores. Using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test and Welch’s t test, we confirm that the N(N2H+)/N(HC3N) ratio decreases from HMSCs to HMPOs. This tendency in high-mass star-forming regions is opposite to that in low-mass star-forming regions. Furthermore, we find that the detection rates of carbon-chain species (HC3N, HC5N, and CCS) in HMPOs are different from those in low-mass protostars. The detection rates of cyanopolyynes (HC3N and HC5N) are higher and that of CCS is lower in high-mass protostars, compared to low-mass protostars. We discuss a possible interpretation for these differences.
Behavior of the Dry Bed Joint in the Mortarless Interlocking Masonry System: an Overview

In the past few decades, the concept of interlocking mortarless masonry unit has been widely increased in the field of civil engineering applications and construction practices due to its field productivity, efficiency and less skilled workers needed in the production and implementation [1]. One simple thing that absolutely contrasts interlocking bricks from conventional bricks is the mortar between bricks layers where mortar is not required for the construction of interlocking bricks. Due to that characteristic, the construction of masonry walls is faster and needs even unskilled workers as the bricks are arranged dry and interlock each other by the protrusions [2]. An assortment of interlocking bricks have been manufactured and produced during the last few years, varying in the composition of material, shape, size, strengths required, and usage needed, including Sparlock, Meccano, Sparfil, Haener, and Hydraform block system [3].
Perturbed power-law parameters from WMAP7

We present a perturbative approach for studying inflation models with soft departures from scale free spectra of the power law model. In the perturbed power law (PPL) approach one obtains at the leading order both the scalar and tensor power spectra with the running of their spectral indices. In contrast to the widely used slow roll expansion method, for which ϵ and δ have to be small, PPL can look also at models with comparatively larger ϵ and δ with the condition that (ϵ+δ) is small. The PPL spectrum is confronted data and we show that the PPL parameters are well estimated from WMAP-7 data.
Pièges radiofréquence très anisotropes pour un condensat de Bose-Einstein

Cette these traite de l'etude experimentale et theorique de deux pieges radiofrequence tres anisotropes pour un condensat de Bose-Einstein. Dans le premier piege, les atomes baignant dans un champ magnetique inhomogene sont habilles par un champ rf et confines sur la surface d'un ellipsoide iso-magnetique. Nous avons etudie la possibilite d'y observer un gaz degenere bidimensionnel. Le second piege a la forme d'un anneau. Il est obtenu en ajoutant au premier piege le potentiel cree par une onde stationnaire lumineuse verticale. Dans ce piege, il est theoriquement possible d'observer un gaz de Bose a une, deux ou trois dimensions simplement en modifiant le nombre d'atomes condenses.
Studies of tunnel MOS diodes I. Interface effects in silicon Schottky diodes

A theoretical and experimental study has been made of silicon Schottky diodes in which the metal and semiconductor are separated by a thin interfacial film. A generalized approach is taken towards the interface states which considers their communication with both the metal and the semiconductor. Diodes were fabricated with interfacial films ranging from 8 to 26 Å in thickness, and their characteristics are related to this model. The effects of reduced transmission coefficients together with fixed charge in the film are investigated. The interpretation of the current-voltage characteristics and the validity of the C−2-V method in the determination of diffusion potentials are discussed.
The Moore–Penrose Dual Generalized Inverse Matrix With Application to Kinematic Synthesis of Spatial Linkages

The paper initially reports about the properties of an expression of dual generalized inverse matrix currently available in the literature. It is demonstrated that such a matrix does not fulfill all the Penrose conditions. Hence, novel and computationally efficient algorithms/formulas for the computation of the Moore–Penrose dual generalized inverse (MPDGI) are herein proposed. The paper also contains a new algorithm for the singular value decomposition (SVD) of a dual matrix. The availability of these formulas allows the simultaneous solution of overdetermined systems of dual linear equations without requiring the traditional separation in primal and dual parts. This should prove useful for the solution of many kinematic problems. The algorithms/formulas herein deduced have been also tested on the kinematic synthesis of the constant transmission ratio RCCC spatial linkage.
Blade-vortex interaction noise reduction with active twist smart rotor technology

The results of this analytical feasibility study suggest that active blade twist technology is a viable means to reduce blade-vortex interaction (BVI) noise in rotorcraft systems. A linearized unsteady aerodynamics analysis was formulated and successfully validated with computation fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. A simple control scheme with three control points was found to be effective for active BVI noise reduction. Based on current-day actuation technology where one to two degrees of twist per blade activation span is expected, measurable noise reductions of 2-4 dB were predicted for the relatively strong, close vortex interactions. For weaker vortex interactions, reductions of 7-10 dB were predicted. The required twist actuation per blade span for complete unsteady loading cancellation, however, may be infeasible because of the large stroke and high-frequency activation requirements.
The effect of seed orientation deviations on the quality of 125I prostate implants

We quantified the effect of seed orientation deviations on five prostate seed implant cases at our institution. While keeping their positions fixed, the iodine-125 seeds were assigned orientations sampled from a realistic probability distribution derived from the post-implant radiographs of ten patients. Dose distributions were calculated with both a model that explicitly includes anisotropy (TG43 anisotropy function) and a point source model (TG43 anisotropy factor). Orientation deviations had only a small influence on prostate dose–volume histograms: the 95% confidence intervals on the volumes receiving 100%, 150% and 200% dose were at most ±0.8%, ±1.1% and ±0.6% of the prostate volume, respectively. The dose–volume histograms of anisotropic seed distributions were marginally better than those with isotropic point-source seeds. Anisotropy caused a displacement of cold spots (regions receiving <100% of the prescribed dose) in <1% of the prostate volume. Our results indicate no net benefit to prostate dosimetry in using more isotropic seeds. Furthermore, we propose a new ‘weighted anisotropy function’ to better account for the effects of anisotropy when seed orientation is unknown. Conceptually, the TG43 anisotropy factor described in AAPM TG43 averages the effect of anisotropy over all solid angles, with the implicit assumption that all seed orientations are equally probable. In prostate implants, however, seeds are preferentially oriented parallel to the needle axis. The proposed weighted anisotropy function incorporates this non-uniform probability.
Geo-Structural Nonlinear Analysis of Piles for Performance Based Design

Pile foundations supporting bridge structures are often subjected to static and/or dynamic lateral loads due to different hazards such as vessel impacts, traffic, waves, wind, and earthquakes. Two major factors that affect the pile lateral behavior under extreme lateral loading are the interaction between the pile and surrounding soil and the material inelasticity of the pile itself. This presentation covers the state-of-the-art of modeling the nonlinear response of piles. In addition, it describes the recent development of an efficient and robust approach for the analysis of piles based on the Beam on Nonlinear Winkler (BNWF). In this work, a general cyclic BNWF model is developed to account for the important features of soil-pile interaction problem including lateral load characteristics, soil cave-in, soil-pile side shear, gap formation, and strength and stiffness hardening/degradation. The inelastic behavior of pile material is also modeled effectively by implementing the advanced fiber technique. The capability of the developed model in predicting the response of pile under lateral static and cyclic loading is validated by comparing the computed results with experimental data.
Experimental İnvestigation on a Prototype Solar-Wind Hybrid System with a Pico Hydro Turbine

Abstract Rural electrification is often considered to be the backbone of the rural economy. In spite of launching of ambitious schemes to achieve 100% rural electrification, millions of people, particularly in rural areas are away from grid electricity and its benefits. Renewable energy sources (RES) coupled with pumped storage provides a technically viable solution for continuous power supply in remote areas. Therefore, this paper presents a solar-wind hybrid system with pumped storage generation unit to meet the basic load demands of domestic consumers, using Pico hydro turbine (PHT). A prototype of this system is developed in the laboratory and investigates its operational aspects. This scheme utilizes a PHT (300 W), usually employed in run-off river schemes, in domestic level application. The developed model is evaluated on sunny and cloudy day. It operates on a daily basis, storing the surplus energy from renewable sources by pumping water to an upper reservoir, and retrieve this energy through its PHT. Therefore, this system satisfies the basic load demands of domestic consumers who are away from access to the grid. The control and energy management of the proposed system is carried out using labVIEW.
Image-based Modeling of Haussmannian Facades

This paper describes techniques and algorithms for Haussmannian facade modeling. Although buildings are complex artificial objects which are difficult to interpret, Haussmannian buildings carry a more consistent typology and composition rhythm. By incorporating the architectural knowledge of the Haussmannian facade into an image analysis process, facade structure information can be automatically inferred. Moreover, in order to further refine the facade analysis, an image synthesis process is integrated and a feedback loop is created for producing more stable results. With this methodology, a solid technique and process for image-based modeling of Haussmannian or similar building facades have been established.
The gravitational wave spectrum from cosmological B-L breaking

Cosmological B-L breaking is a natural and testable mechanism to generate the initial conditions of the hot early universe. If B-L is broken at the grand unification scale, the false vacuum phase drives hybrid inflation, ending in tachyonic preheating. The decays of heavy B-L Higgs bosons and heavy neutrinos generate entropy, baryon asymmetry and dark matter and also control the reheating temperature. The different phases in the transition from inflation to the radiation dominated phase produce a characteristic spectrum of gravitational waves. We calculate the complete gravitational wave spectrum due to inflation, preheating and cosmic strings, which turns out to have several features. The production of gravitational waves from cosmic strings has large uncertainties, with lower and upper bounds provided by Abelian Higgs strings and Nambu-Goto strings, implying ΩGWh2 ∼ 10−13–10−8, much larger than the spectral amplitude predicted by inflation. Forthcoming gravitational wave detectors such as eLISA, advanced LIGO, ET, BBO and DECIGO will reach the sensitivity needed to test the predictions from cosmological B-L breaking.
Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Glimepiride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical formulations

A simple, sensitive and resproducible spectrophotometric method for the analysis of glimepiride in pure form and in pharmaceutical formaulations has been developed. glimepiride is a synthetic oral hypoglycemic agent, which belongs to the class of sulfonylureas used in treatment of type- 2 diabetes mellitus. Glimepiride exhibited maximum absorbance at 226.0 nm with an apparent molar absorptivity of 2.94 x 106. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 2-32 μg/mL. Results of the analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies. This method is successfully employed for the determination of glimepiride in various pharmaceutical preparations.
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in applications related to lung and ventilation: a review of experimental and clinical activities

This review article is a summary of the publications dealing with the pulmonary applications of electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Original papers on EIT lung imaging published over 15 years are analysed and several aspects of the performed EIT measurements summarized. Information on the type of the EIT device and electrodes used, the studied transverse thoracic planes, the data acquisition rate, the number of studied animals, normal subjects or patients, the kind of lung pathology, the performed ventilatory manoeuvres and other interventions, as well as the applied reference techniques, is given. The type of the generated pulmonary EIT images and the quantitative analysis of the EIT data are described. Finally, the major results achieved are presented, followed by an analysis of the perspectives of EIT in clinical applications. A comparative analysis of the EIT hardware and the quality of the evaluation tools was not performed.
Single-FSS-Layer Absorber With Improved Bandwidth–Thickness Tradeoff Adopting Impedance-Matching Superstrate

The bandwidth–thickness tradeoff is fundamental to the design of thin absorbers based on frequency-selective surfaces (FSSs). In this letter, we challenge the common belief that adding a dielectric superstrate will enlarge the bandwidth at the cost of increased thickness. It is first demonstrated using lumped circuit considerations so that a wider relative operating bandwidth can be achieved with a thinner absorber including an impedance-matching cover. By adopting this dielectric superstrate, we further show on the basis of full-wave simulation that the highest bandwidth ratio (BWR) at 10 dB absorption can be increased from 1:3.54 to 1:6.94, with the normalized thickness being reduced from 0.0920 to 0.0906 $\lambda _L$ (including superstrate). Restricted by readily available materials, an experimentally validated design obtains a BWR of approximately 1:5.32 at 10 dB absorption for a figure of merit of 88.26%. This performance is superior to existing designs with more complicated FSS patterns.
In handbook of discrete and computational geometry

Handbook of discrete and computational geometry, 2d.ed, Handbook of differential geometry. QA 372 P725 2003, Handbook of geometric topology. Jacob E. Goodman, co-founder and editor of Discrete & Computational Geometry, the preeminent journal on this area in the international mathematics. Section 2 is devoted to geometric transversal theory. booktitle = (Handbook of Discrete and Computational Geometry, chapter 4), year = (1997),
Design of Triple-Band MIMO Antenna with One Band-Notched Characteristic

A microstrip-fed two-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna has been designed for triple-band applications covering the entire ultra-wideband (UWB) with one band-notched characteristic. A defected ground structure (DGS) has been used to obtain a wideband resonance. A crescent ring has been etched on each of the two circular patch antennas to produce a band-notch characteristic centered at 5 GHz, ranging from 3.96 to 6.2 GHz. These introduce notches at 5.2/5.8 WLAN, 5.5 WiMAX, LMI C-Band and also reject the large capacity microwave relay trunk network, ranging from 4.40 to 4.99 GHz, such as in the Indian national satellite (INSAT) system operating between 4.5 and 4.8 GHz, thus making our MIMO antenna immune to many unlicensed bands. The proposed MIMO antenna elements have been isolated by more than 16 dB throughout the operating band using a modified inter-digital capacitor (MIDC) placed between the circular patch antennas. The MIDC also helps in achieving a center-band, ranging from 6.2 to 8.93 GHz and is useful in IEEE INSAT/Super Extended C-band. The lower-band ranges from 3.08 to 3.96 GHz and covers 3.5 GHz WiMAX while the upper-band, ranging from 10 to 16 GHz, is useful for X-band and Ku-band applications. Finally, the MIMO antenna has been fabricated on an FR-4 substrate of dimensions 50×30×1.6 mm3 with a compact antenna area of 0. 158λ0. All results along with the diversity performance have been experimentally verified.
Cross-modal meta-learning for WiFi-based human activity recognition

WiFi-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) faces challenges in achieving widespread deployment due to its reliance on massive data and limited scalability. However, the emergence of Few-Shot Learning (FSL) provides opportunities to address this issue. In this paper, we propose a cross-modal meta-learning approach based on Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) to enable few-shot WiFi-based HAR. The hypothesis is that models can learn "learning methods" from thousands of diverse image classification tasks and apply them to WiFi-based HAR. By solely leveraging public image and WiFi signal datasets, the proposed approach trains a model capable of recognizing previously unseen activities with only 5 samples per class, achieving an average accuracy of 88.5% over thousands of tests.
CoreKube: An Efficient, Autoscaling and Resilient Mobile Core System

Given the central role mobile core plays in supporting mobile network operations, the efficiency, cost-effective dynamic scalability and resilience of the core control plane are paramount. Achieving these goals, however, presents two main challenges: (i) decoupling core network state from processing; (ii) decoupling control plane processing in the core from its interface to the radio access network (RAN). To overcome them, we present CoreKube, a novel message focused and cloud-native mobile core system design, which features truly stateless workers (processing units) that interface with a common database (to hold the core network state) and with the RAN through a frontend. The fully stateless and generic nature of the workers to process any control plane message enables efficient message handling. Orchestration of containerized CoreKube components using Kubernetes, allows leveraging the latter's autoscaling and self-healing properties. We develop 4G and 5G standard-compliant CoreKube implementations, exploiting the agile development methodology enabled by CoreKube's message focused design. Results from our extensive experimental evaluations over the Powder platform relative to prior art show that CoreKube efficiently processes control plane messages, scales dynamically while using minimal compute resources and recovers seamlessly from failures.
Enabling Edge processing on LoRaWAN architecture

LoRaWAN is a wireless technology that enables high-density deployments of IoT devices. Designed for Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN), LoRaWAN employs large cells to service a potentially extremely high number of devices. The technology enforces a centralized architecture, directing all data generated by the devices to a single network server for data processing. End-to-end encryption is used to guarantee the confidentiality and security of data. In this demo, we present Edge2LoRa, a system architecture designed to incorporate edge processing in LoRaWAN without compromising the security and confidentiality of data. Edge2LoRa maintains backward compatibility and addresses scalability issues arising from handling large amounts of data sourced from a diverse range of devices. The demo provides evidence of the advantages in terms of reduced latency, lower network bandwidth requirements, higher scalability, and improved security and privacy resulting from the application of the Edge processing paradigm to LoRaWAN.
MobiSpectral: Hyperspectral Imaging on Mobile Devices

Hyperspectral imaging systems capture information in multiple wavelength bands across the electromagnetic spectrum. These bands provide substantial details based on the optical properties of the materials present in the captured scene. The high cost of hyperspectral cameras and their strict illumination requirements make the technology out of reach for end-user and small-scale commercial applications. We propose MobiSpectral, which turns a low-cost phone into a simple hyperspectral imaging system, without any changes in the hardware. We design deep learning models that take regular RGB images and near-infrared (NIR) signals (which are used for face identification on recent phones) and reconstruct multiple hyperspectral bands in the visible and NIR ranges of the spectrum. Our experimental results show that MobiSpectral produces accurate bands that are comparable to ones captured by actual hyperspectral cameras. The availability of hyperspectral bands that reveal hidden information enables the development of novel mobile applications that are not currently possible. To demonstrate the potential of MobiSpectral, we use it to identify organic solid foods, which is a challenging food fraud problem that is currently partially addressed by laborious, unscalable, and expensive processes. We collect large datasets in real environments under diverse illumination conditions to evaluate MobiSpectral. Our results show that MobiSpectral can identify organic foods, e.g., apples, tomatoes, kiwis, strawberries, and blueberries, with an accuracy of up to 94% from images taken by phones.
VI-Map: Infrastructure-Assisted Real-Time HD Mapping for Autonomous Driving

HD map is a key enabling technology towards fully autonomous driving. We propose VI-Map, the first system that leverages roadside infrastructure to enhance real-time HD mapping for autonomous driving. The core concept of VI-Map is to exploit the unique cumulative observations made by roadside infrastructure to build and maintain an accurate and current HD map. This HD map is then fused with on-vehicle HD maps in real time, resulting in a more comprehensive and up-to-date HD map. By extracting concise bird-eye-view features from infrastructure observations and utilizing vectorized map representations, VI-Map incurs low compute and communication overhead. We conducted end-to-end evaluations of VI-Map on a real-world testbed and a simulator. Experiment results show that VI-Map can construct decentimeter-level (up to 0.3 m) HD maps and achieve real-time (up to a delay of 42 ms) map fusion between driving vehicles and roadside infrastructure. This represents a significant improvement of 2.8× and 3× in map accuracy and coverage compared to the state-of-the-art online HD mapping approaches. A video demo of VI-Map on our real-world testbed is available at https://youtu.be/p2RO65R5Ezg.