Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MINDS: A New Approach to the Information Security Process

Abstract : This paper describes the work the University of Minnesota is doing with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory to advance the state-of-the-art in network intrusion detection. The Minnesota Network Intrusion Detection System (MINDS) is a data mining based system for detecting unusual network behavior, and emerging cyber threats. MINDS is enjoying great operational success in the ARL's Interrogator information assurance architecture and at the University of Minnesota. MINDS routinely detects brand new attacks and other malicious behaviors which could not have been detected by signature based systems. In addition to detecting new attacks MINDS is very effective at discovering rogue communication channels and the exfiltration of data that are very difficult to identify with other tools.
Forensic Facial Reconstruction using Computer Modeling Software

Currently, there is no single answer to the many challenges facing forensic facial reconstruction. The process of completing a three-dimensional clay reconstruction can take several days to complete. With the advent of user-friendly computer software and methods, the time taken to produce a facial reconstruction process could potentially be reduced to mere hours. As computer technology progresses and develops, computer generated facial reconstruction techniques will improve. These developments could save both time and money, as well as increasing the reliability of the technique.
Aircraft And Rotorcraft System Identification Engineering Methods With Flight Test Examples

Thank you for reading aircraft and rotorcraft system identification engineering methods with flight test examples. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this aircraft and rotorcraft system identification engineering methods with flight test examples, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer.
Effects of dust evolution on protoplanetary disks in the mid-infrared

In this paper, we couple the dust evolution code two-pop-py with the thermochemical disk modelling code ProDiMo. We create a series of thermochemical disk models that simulate the evolution of dust over time from 0.018 to 10 Myr, including the radial drift, growth, and settling of dust grains. We examine the effects of this dust evolution on mid-infrared gas emission, focusing on the mid-infrared spectral lines of C2H2, CO2, HCN, NH3, OH, and H2O, which are readily observable with Spitzer and the upcoming E-ELT and JWST. The addition of dust evolution acts to increase line fluxes by reducing the population of small dust grains. We find that the spectral lines of all species except C2H2 respond strongly to dust evolution; line fluxes increase by more than an order of magnitude across the model series as the density of small dust grains decreases over time. The C2H2 line fluxes are extremely low because of a low abundance in the infrared line-emitting regions, even though C2H2 is commonly detected with Spitzer, suggesting that warm chemistry in the inner disk may need further investigation. Finally, we find that the CO2 flux densities increase more rapidly than the other species as the dust disk evolves. This suggests that the flux ratios of CO2 to other species may be lower in disks with less-evolved dust populations.
Continuous Training and Firm Productivity in Germany

This paper presents for the first time panel evidence on the productivity effects of training intensity and different training forms in Germany. It hereby takes account of selectivity of training activities, unobserved heterogeneity of establishments as well as omitted variable bias. Using the waves 1997 – 2000 of the IAB establishment panel, it is found that when the share of trained employees in 1997 is higher, productivity is significantly higher in the period 1997 - 1999. Formal internal and external courses have the highest positive impact on productivity, self-induced learning and quality circles have a smaller positive impact, while training on the job, seminars and talks and job rotation do not affect productivity. The decision to train is selective. Firms with an inefficient production structure deliberately use training in order to boost productivity.
Impact of Lean Production on Perceived Job Autonomy and Job Satisfaction: An Experimental Study

Previous studies have indicated positive and negative effects of lean production on employees’ perceived work characteristics and job attitudes. The most detrimental consequence of lean production is a decrease in the perceived job autonomy of workshop employees. To reduce these negative consequences, we propose human resource practices for integration with lean production. Drawing on the job characteristics model, we hypothesized that the implementation of lean production combined with human resource practices would enhance perceived job autonomy, job satisfaction, and operational performance. To evaluate our hypotheses, we used an experimental design consisting of a simulation game that mimics a manufacturing company. We implemented lean production combined with human resource practices in this simulated company. The results indicated a significant increase in perceived job autonomy, job satisfaction, and operational performance. Moreover, the results revealed a positive relationship between job satisfaction and operational performance.
Reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of OFDM

The distribution of the peak-to-average power (PAP) ratio of an OFDM signal is derived, showing that large PAP ratios only occur very infrequently. Because of this, PAP reducing techniques which distort the signal can be quite effective, since only a small fraction of the OFDM signal has to be distorted. One example of such a technique is peak windowing. It is shown that peak windowing can achieve PAP ratios around 4 dB for an arbitrary number of subcarriers, at the cost of a slight increase in the BER and out-of-band radiation. Simulations with realistic power amplifier models show that a backoff of about 5 dB is required to get an out-of-band radiation level of 30 dB below the in-band spectral density.
DESIGN OF COMPOSITE DRIVING END STRUCTURES FOR STRUCTURAL USE IN UK PASSENGER ROLLING STOCK

ABSTRACT The use of composites in rolling stock is increasing rapidly and one area of significant potential is in vehicle end structures. The paper examines the major technical requirements composite driving end structures must meet if they are to feature for future use in UK passenger rolling stock applications. The research being undertaken at ARRC to design and develop such structures is described and the key challenges that designers will face in producing composite end structures capable of satisfying current industry criteria are discussed.
Reliability and thermal characterization of a 3-dimensional multichip module

Three dimensional packaging extends the high interconnection density which has been achieved using multichip modules to a new dimension. In this paper, we describe the fabrication of an unique 3-dimensional multichip module (3-D MCM) based on AT&Ts Si-on-Si Micro Interconnect technology. Four multichip tiles are interconnected on a multilayer metal-core printing wiring board. Eight such boards are then stacked vertically to form a 3-D module. Compliant anisotropically conductive elastomers are the key element in this design providing electrical interconnection between the stacked boards. The heat generated by the multichip tiles is conducted to the metal-core board and removed by air forced through holes on the perimeter of the boards. This paper describes results of a reliability evaluation of the vertical interconnect scheme. In addition a thermal characterization of the 3-D module is presented. <<ETX>>
Implementing MIL-STD-499B Systems Engineering on a mature program

MIL-STD-499B "Systems Engineering" defines a disciplined design and verification process for developing new systems. It's iterative and balanced approach results in systems that meet all of their intended needs and satisfy all of their intended customers. Mature systems with well defined designs, established specifications, limited requirements traceability, and existing design and manufacturing processes are faced with a dilemma when addressing modifications and upgrades. Full implementation of MIL-STD-499B cannot be cost justified, while the absence of implementation results in stagnation of the program and a weakened competitive position. McDonnell Douglas Aerospace (MDA) is implementing MIL-STD-499B across the enterprise, including mature systems such as the F-15 weapon system. MDA has developed a systems engineering manual as a guideline for the implementation of MIL-STD-499B. The F-15 program has taken the system engineering manual and tailored it to support new development activity. The F-15 program expects to improve product reliability and maintainability, develop performance upgrades, and improve the producibility of the F-15 weapon system by applying a disciplined systems engineering process to selected elements of the system. The F-15 program is expanding its system engineering approach as part of its integrated product development organization. This paper describes MDA's system engineering process, the tailored F-15 program implementation approach, progress to date and lessons learned. <<ETX>>
Design and characterisation of InGaAs high speed photodiodes, InGaAs/InAlAs avalanche photodiodes and novel AlAsSb based avalanche photodiodes

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) can provide higher sensitivity, when the noise is dominated by electronic noise, than conventional p-i-n photodiodes due to its internal gain achieved via the impact ionisation process. High speed and high sensitivity photodetectors operating at the wavelength of 1.55 m for optical communication have been intensely research due to the ever increasing internet traffic, particularly in the long-haul communication systems. In this dissertation high speed InGaAs p-i-n photodiodes, InGaAs/InAlAs separate absorption and multiplication (SAM) APDs are designed and characterised. The waveguide InGaAs photodiode exhibits a maximum -3 dB bandwidth of 26.5 GHz and external quantum efficiency of 38.4% giving a bandwidth-efficiency product of 10.2 GHz, which is higher than 7.14 GHz obtained from conventional vertically illuminated diodes fabricated from the same wafer. Building on the high speed InGaAs waveguide diodes, the InGaAs/InAlAs APDs were fabricated. We demonstrated low dark currents of ~50 nA at 0.9Vbd (Vbd is the breakdown voltage), low excess noise factor k  0.2 (k is the effective ratio of ionisation coefficients ratio in excess noise model) and wide bandwidth up to 40 GHz at low gains. Our APDs also achieve higher signal amplification than the best 40 Gb/s APD reported, confirming the suitability of our APDs for use in the 40 Gb/s optical communication systems. The signal enhancement of up to 24 dB was achieved at 35 GHz. While the InGaAs/InAlAs APDs may be suitable for 40 Gb/s operation, the avalanche gain is limited due to their limited gain bandwidth products. Hence novel wide bandgap AlAsSb avalanche regions were characterised for next generation high speed SAM APDs. The temperature dependence of dark current and avalanche gain were investigated using AlAsSb p-i-n diodes with avalanche region widths of 80 and 230 nm. Extremely low temperature coefficients of breakdown voltage of 0.95 and 1.47 mV/K were obtained in these AlAsSb diodes, which are significantly lower than all semiconductor materials, with similar avalanche region widths, in the literature. Band to band tunelling current was shown to be significantly lower than those in InP and InAlAs diodes with the same avalanche region widths. By utilising an extremely thin 40 nm AlAsSb as multiplication layer, low excess noise factor corresponding to effective k values of 0.1 to 0.15 in InGaAs/AlAsSb SAM APDs was demonstrated. This is lower than that from an InAlAs pin diode with a 100 nm avalanche region. Therefore the potential of using thin AlAsSb avalanche region for next generation high speed and high sensitivity photodetectors has been demonstrated.
WHAT BRINGS WOMEN INTO EHEALTH? WOMEN'S CAREER TRAJECTORIES IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN HEALTHCARE

Digital transformation of health care services is addressed world-wide in order to more efficiently meet the patients’ information and health care needs. However, little is known about the people working with this transformation, where two traditionally gendered fields meet; health care and IT. While work with digitalization generally is dominated by men, digitalization of health care services involves a large number of women. This case study explores the career trajectories of women working with the digital transformation of eHealth services. Who are the women in this eHealth project, and how did they come to working with this digital transformation? The analysis shows different types of trajectories that brought the women into eHealth transformations: The first illustrating women who were pushed into working with eHealth by their job descriptions, the second showing women using eHealth as an escape route from something else, and the last trajectory showing how women stumbled across eHealth and decided to stay on. This has implications for the educational system, and points to the need for being able to study computer science later in life. It also calls for a better understanding of what drives women in transformation processes.
Non-silicon Microfabricated Nanostructured Chemical Sensors For Electric Nose Application

A systematic investigation has been performed for “Electric Nose”, a system that can identify gas samples and detect their concentrations by combining sensor array and data processing technologies. Non-silicon based microfabricatition has been developed for micro-electromechanical-system (MEMS) based gas sensors. Novel sensors have been designed, fabricated and tested. Nanocrystalline semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) materials include SnO2, WO3 and In2O3 have been studied for gas sensing applications. Different doping material such as copper, silver, platinum and indium are studied in order to achieve better selectivity for different targeting toxic gases including hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide etc. Fundamental issues like sensitivity, selectivity, stability, temperature influence, humidity influence, thermal characterization, drifting problem etc. of SMO gas sensors have been intensively investigated. A novel approach to improve temperature stability of SMO (including tin oxide) gas sensors by applying a temperature feedback control circuit has been developed. The feedback temperature controller that is compatible with MEMS sensor fabrication has been invented and applied to gas sensor array system. Significant improvement of stability has been achieved compared to SMO gas sensors without temperature compensation under the same ambient conditions.
Fast Transmission Photothermal Radiometry via Sampling by an Internal Computer Sound Card

During the last few decades, photothermal radiometry(PTR) has been greatly developed and widely applied in the field of nondestructive testing. However, the traditional PTR system employs an expensive lock-in amplifier to detect the weak photothermal signal, which leads to high cost and long test time. In this paper, a fast transmission PTR system based on sampling by using an internal computer sound card was developed to lower the system cost and shorter the test time. A piece of amorphous silicon(a:Si) thin film solar cells with artificial defects was prepared and tested by the system. The results show that the sharpened defects can be identified easily and quickly according to the significant peaks of the original infrared signal sampled by the internal computer sound card. Furthermore, more detailed defects can be investigated by processing the infrared signal. These validate the effectiveness of the proposed transmission PTR system as a low cost and efficient non-destructive test technique.
Measuring Treatment Fidelity: From Research to Implementation

Background: Treatment fidelity is commonly assessed in research trials because greater fidelity helps later replication in practice and is generally associated with better outcomes. However, implementations after initial research may not be as faithful to the original protocol, leading to unsuccessful replication. Methods: Fidelity methods of the Resources for Enhancing All Caregivers Health in the VA (REACH VA) dementia caregiving clinical implementation were examined with comparisons to those of the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer’s Caregivers Health (REACH II) randomized clinical trial. The NIH treatment fidelity conceptual framework was used, which includes design, provider training, delivery, receipt, and enactment. To translate these concepts into practice, for each REACH VA session, core activities that measured delivery, receipt, and enactment were identified. These core activities were then examined for a sample of 293 caregivers of veterans with dementia who received the REACH intervention from June 2012 to September 2014. Results: Methods to assess fidelity were not as extensive for REACH VA, compared to REACH II. However, fidelity methods were present in all five framework aspects. Overall completion of core items for delivery and receipt/enactment was 92%. Completion of core items declined as sessions continued, with delivery declining from 97.2% of items completed for Session 1 to 85.7% for Session 4; receipt/enactment declined from 97.3% to 88.4%. Conclusions: Consistent attention to maintaining treatment fidelity may explain why caregiver outcomes are similar in both the original REACH II randomized clinical trial and in the REACH VA implementation. The process followed to assess REACH fidelity is applicable to other evidence-based interventions that have been or are going to be implemented into practice. Fidelity assessment need not be continually re-invented, nor must it be elaborate. Critical components of an intervention as developed and practiced can and should be used to assess fidelity seamlessly. The interplay between how an intervention fits into the organization, ongoing assessment of its practitioners, and its effect on those participating in it should be seamless. In this way, fidelity assessment is not an add-on or burdensome for busy providers, supervisors, and organizations. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00177489, Registered 12 September 2005, retrospectively registered. Keywords: Treatment fidelity; translational research, reproducibility; reliability; validity.
School physical education courses: A study on challenges and on restoring their functions

This study represents an effort to explore and understand the experiences of individuals who have significant stakes on Physical Education and Sports (PES) courses either through being practically involved in teaching or planning this course or by being theoretically engaged in discourses relevant to the nature and normative enactment of the course. The main purpose of this study is to explore the status of Physical Education course through unveiling the voices of significant stakeholders. To this end, this qualitative study relied on several parameters: an examination of curriculum of physical education, Ministry of Education’s (MoNE’s) efforts and initiative to increase success at sports, the role of sports clubs at school along with an exploration of key 29 stakeholders’ experiences through semi-structured interviews. The results gathered through content analysis highlight that physical education and sports courses are mostly perceived of little worth, and that development of a strong sport culture is largely hindered by financial, systemic, and administrative constraints. The study also points out the urgent call for introduction of system-wide regulations and policies and further fortification of facilities.
Razor: A Variability-Tolerant Design Methodology for Low-Power and Robust Computing

Rising PVT variations at advanced process nodes make it increasingly difficult to meet aggressive performance targets under strict power budgets. Traditional adaptive techniques that compensate for PVT variations need safety margins and cannot respond to rapid environmental changes. In this thesis, we present a novel voltage management technique, called Razor, which eliminates worst-case safety margins through in situ error detection and correction of variation-induced delay errors. In Razor, we use a delay-error tolerant flip-flop on critical paths to scale the supply voltage to the point of first failure of a die for a given frequency. Thus, all margins due to global and local PVT variations are eliminated, resulting in significant energy savings. In addition, the supply voltage can be scaled even lower than the first failure point into the sub-critical region, deliberately tolerating a targeted error rate, thereby providing additional energy savings. Thus, in the context of Razor, a timing error is not a catastrophic system failure but a trade-off between the overhead of error-correction and the additional energy savings due to sub-critical operation. In Razor, the error-rate is monitored and the supply voltage is tuned to achieve a targeted error-rate. We developed two techniques, called RazorI and RazorII, for implementation of Razor-based voltage tuning in microprocessors. The RazorI approach achieves error-detection by double-sampling the critical-path output at different points in time and comparing both samples. A global recovery signal overwrites the earlier, speculative sample with the later sample and restores the pipeline to its correct state. We implemented RazorI error-detection and correction in a 64bit processor in 0.18micron technology and obtained 50% energy savings over the worst-case at 120MHz. However, the efficacy of the RazorI technique for high-performance processors is undermined by its reliance on a metastability-detector and potentially, timing-critical pipeline recovery path. The RazorII approach addresses this issue by achieving recovery from delay-errors through a conventional, architectural-replay mechanism. Error-detection in RazorII occurs by flagging spurious transitions at critical-path endpoints. Furthermore, RazorII also detects logic and register SER. We implemented a RazorII-enabled 64bit processor in 0. 13µm technology and obtained 33% power savings over the worst-case. SER tolerance was demonstrated with radiation experiments.