Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COS OBSERVATIONS OF METAL LINE AND BROAD LYMAN-α ABSORPTION IN THE MULTI-PHASE O vi AND Ne viii SYSTEM AT z = 0.20701 TOWARD HE 0226–4110

Observations of the QSO HE 0226–4110 (zem = 0.495) with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) from 1134 to 1796 Å with a resolution of ∼17 km s−1 and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) per resolution element of 20–40 are used to study the multi-phase absorption system at z = 0.20701 containing O vi and Ne viii. The system was previously studied with lower S/N observations with Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). The COS observations provide more reliable measures of the H i and metal lines present in the system and reveal the clear presence of broad Lyα (BLA) absorption with b = 72(+13, −6) km s−1 and log N(H i) = 13.87 ± 0.08. Detecting BLAs associated with warm gas absorbers is crucial for determining the temperature, metallicity, and total baryonic content of the absorbers. The BLA is probably recording the trace amount of thermally broadened H i in the collisionally ionized plasma with log T ∼ 5.7 that also produces the O vi and Ne viii absorption. The total hydrogen column in the collisionally ionized gas, log N(H) ∼ 20.1, exceeds that in the cooler photoionized gas in the system by a factor of ∼22. The oxygen abundance in the collisionally ionized gas is [O/H] = −0.89 ± 0.08 ± 0.07. The absorber probably occurs in the circumgalactic environment (halo) of a foreground L = 0.25L* disk galaxy with an impact parameter of 109 h70−1 kpc identified by Mulchaey & Chen.
Effects of Acute-Partial Sleep Deprivation on High-Intensity Exercise Performance and Cardiac Autonomic Activity in Healthy Adolescents

Performing high-intensity exercise (HIE) in the morning under sleep deprivation may harm the health benefits related to sufficient sleep and HIE. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effects of acute-partial sleep deprivation on HIE performance and cardiac autonomic activity by monitoring heart rate variability (HRV) indices. Twenty-nine healthy male adolescents in college were recruited to perform a one-time HIE session on the treadmill (Bruce protocol) after ≥7 h of normal control sleep (control) and after ≤4 h of acute-partial sleep deprivation (SD). At the beginning of control and SD periods and after exercising under the two sleep conditions, heart rate (HR), standard deviation of normal to normal (SDNN), square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD), normalized low frequency power (LFn), normalized high frequency power (HFn), number of pairs adjacent NN intervals differing by ≥50 ms in the entire recording count divided by the total number of all NN intervals (pNN50), and short axis and long axis value in Poincaré plot (SD1 and SD2) were measured at rest in an upright sitting position. The participants slept 7.63 ± 0.52 and 3.78 ± 0.69 h during control and SD periods, respectively (p < 0.001). Compared with the control participants, those suffering sleep deprivation experienced a significant decrease in exercise duration, RMSSD, HFn, SD1, and pNN50 as well as a significant increase in maximum heart rate during exercise (p < 0.05). SDNN, RMSSD, HFn, SD1, and pNN50 decreased significantly after exercise (p < 0.05 and 0.01 and 0.001, respectively). In summary, acute-partial sleep deprivation affected aerobic exercise performance the next morning and led to decreased cardiac vagus activity and cardiac autonomic dysfunction.
Beneficial use of rotatable-spacer side-chains in alkaline anion exchange membranes for fuel cells

Side-chain-type polymer architectures have been extensively studied for development of highly conductive fuel cell membranes. However, the commonly used rigid, hydrophobic spacers (between the ionic end-group and polymer backbone) limit self-assembly of ionic side-chains and, therefore, ion transport. Herein, we report a flexible, hydrophilic side-chain-type anion exchange membrane (AEM), where ethylene oxide spacers are incorporated into imidazolium-containing cationic side-chains. AFM and SAXS analysis confirm that the flexible spacers facilitate self-assembly of the ionic side-chains to form continuous conducting channels. Most importantly, both in situ FTIR spectroscopy and molecular dynamic theory simulations indicate that the ethylene oxide spacers are capable of hydrogen bonding to both H2O molecules and hydrated OH− ions. This unique auxiliary function facilitates both ion and H2O transport during fuel cell operation. The resultant AEM exhibits a peak power density of 437 mW cm−2 at 65 °C when tested in a H2/O2 single-cell anion-exchange membrane fuel cell, which is among the highest reported for comparable side-chain-type AEMs.
Hashing Fuzzing: Introducing Input Diversity to Improve Crash Detection

The utility of a test set of program inputs is strongly influenced by its diversity and its size. Syntax coverage has become a standard proxy for diversity. Although more sophisticated measures exist, such as proximity of a sample to a uniform distribution, methods to use them tend to be type dependent. We use r-wise hash functions to create a novel, semantics preserving, testability transformation for C programs that we call HashFuzz. Use of HashFuzz improves the diversity of test sets produced by instrumentation-based fuzzers. We evaluate the effect of the HashFuzz transformation on eight programs from the Google Fuzzer Test Suite using four state-of-the-art fuzzers that have been widely used in previous research. We demonstrate pronounced improvements in the performance of the test sets for the transformed programs across all the fuzzers that we used. These include strong improvements in diversity in every case, maintenance or small improvement in branch coverage – up to 4.8 perent improvement in the best case, and significant improvement in unique crash detection numbers – between 28 to 97 perent increases compared to test sets for untransformed programs.
Selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophene-Based Narrow-Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptor Enabling 13.3% Efficiency for Organic Solar Cells with Thickness-Insensitive Feature

A new electron-rich central core (SeT) based on a fused selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophene unit and two nonfullerene small-molecule acceptors is synthesized for organic solar cells. Compared with SeTIC, chlorinated SeTIC4Cl exhibits a stronger near-infrared absorption with a smaller bandgap (1.44 eV), down-shifted highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels, and improved crystallinity with higher electron mobility owing to the stronger intramolecular charge-transfer effect. Therefore, SeTIC4Cl/PM6 blend films exhibited significantly higher power conversion efficiency owing to broader light absorption range, more balanced charge mobility, and desirable nanoscale phase separation for exciton dissociation and reduced geminate recombination. As a result, the optimized device based on SeTIC4Cl/PM6 shows a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.32%, which is the highest value to date for selenophene-containing nonfullerene acceptor (NFA)-based binary organic solar cells.
Impact viscosity of blood on the diffusion coefficient in the presence of ascorbic acid using cyclic voltammetry

A new study for the effect the viscosity of human blood samples on the diffusion coefficient value was used by cyclic voltammetry method. The oxidation current peak of ascorbic acid (AA) was studied in blood medium at different viscosity by mixing with normal saline (NS) at different ratio. Randles-Seveik equation was used to determine the diffusion coefficient values of AA ions from scan rate of the anodic current peak which transfer through the blood medium to the electrodes at different ratio with normal saline. It was found that diffusion coefficient values of the oxidation current peak of AA were increased against to decreasing the ratio of blood in NS, means that diffusion coefficient depended on the degree of the blood viscosity.
Trypanosoma Cruzi Experimental Infection and COVID-19: Similar Cardiovascular Syndrome?

Dr. Carlos Chagas, in 1909, published his notable discovery, a new pathology denominated Chagas disease. He was able to identify: etiologic agent, the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, its biological cycle and your pathogenesis: etiologic agent, the protozoan T. cruzi its biological cycle and your pathogenesis. However, to date, there is still no vaccine or effective treatment for the symptomatic chronic phase. In 2019, a new Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, promoted by a member of the Coronavirus family, emerged in Wuhan (China province), whose origin has not yet been totally elucidate. SARS-Cov-2 or COVID-19 is characterize by high transmissibility and high morbidity. Thus, in 2020 it became a global pandemic. Highlights into similarities between a neglected disease, which affects 40.000 new cases per year and intense research for a vaccine and treatment using experimental models and severe COVID-19 infection, with millions of victims, by evolution to cardiovascular disturbance, mainly through its target point to ACE2 enzyme. To compare acute T. cruzi experimental infection in mice, the cardiorenal axis involvement and suggest possible common points to research about serious course of the COVID- 19 infection and cardiovascular involvement.
Crude Oil Degradation Using Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC) of Pleurotus florida

This paper investigated the effectiveness of spent mushroom compost (SMC) of Pleurotus florida in the biodegradation of crude oil contaminated soil for a period of 42 days. The crude oil contaminated soil was supplemented with different concentrations of the SMC of P. florida throughout the period of study. Microbiological and physicochemical parameters including Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) content were monitored from the baseline to the 42 nd day. Results showed significant decreases in the physicochemical parameters during the study period. The percentage loss of TPH at the end of the investigation was 90.09%. The hydrocarbon utilising bacterial isolates were Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Flovobacterium sp, Micrococcus sp and Arthrobacter sp. The hydrocarbon utilizing fungal isolates were Penicillium sp, Fusarium sp, Sacchoromyces sp, Microsporum sp, Cryptococcus sp and Mucor sp. This study showed that SMC of Pleurotus florida is an effective nutrient source for biodegradation. Original Research Article Stanley et al.; AJARR, 2(1): 1-7, 2018; Article no.AJARR. 44326 2
Hybrid Beam-Steering OFDM-MIMO Radar: High 3-D Resolution With Reduced Channel Count

We report on the realization of a multichannel imaging radar that achieves uniform 2-D cross-range resolution by means of a linear array of a special form of leaky-wave antennas. The presented aperture concept enables a tradeoff between the available range resolution and a reduction in the number of channels required for a given angular resolution. The antenna front end is integrated within a multichannel radar based on stepped-carrier orthogonal frequency-division modulation, and the advantages and challenges specific to this combination are analyzed with respect to signal processing and a newly developed calibration routine. The system concept is fully implemented and verified in the form of a mobile demonstrator capable of soft real-time 3-D processing. By combining radio frequency (RF) components operating in the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$W$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band (85–105 GHz) with the presented aperture, a 3-D resolution of less than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${1.5}^\circ \times {1.5}^\circ \times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 15 cm is demonstrated using only eight transmitters and eight receivers.
IMUNOMODULAÇÃO PELA PRÓPOLIS

RESUMO A propolis, uma substância resinosa produzida pelas abelhas meliferas a partir de exsudatos coletados em diferentes partes das plantas, tem sido utilizada ha seculos na medicina popular devido as suas propriedades terapeuticas. Esta substância apresenta atividade antiinflamatoria, antitumoral, antioxidante e imunomoduladora, embora muitos dos seus mecanismos de acao sejam desconhecidos. A imunomodulacao pela propolis pode estar associada tanto com a estimulacao quanto com a supressao de determinados eventos da resposta imune. Os efeitos antagonicos e muitas vezes nao complementares sobre o sistema imunologico podem ser decorrentes da grande variabilidade quimica existente entre diferentes amostras de propolis, bem como das diferentes metodologias adotadas nos estudos cientificos, resultando em variada acao farmacologica. Este artigo teve como objetivo revisar e discutir alguns aspectos relacionados a acao da propolis sobre o sistema imunologico.
DoSRA: A Decentralized Approach to Online Edge Task Scheduling and Resource Allocation

With the proliferation of novel Internet of Things (IoT) mobile applications and advanced communication technologies, nowadays we are surrounded by ubiquitous sensors and smart devices. These smart IoT devices generate a large volume of data day and night at the edge of the network, create a huge demand for edge computing resources, and thus, promote the emergence of the multiaccess edge computing (MEC) paradigm. In MEC environments, IoT devices or mobile users are allowed to offload their computational tasks to nearby edge servers to overcome the limitation of local computing resources. Though edge servers could provide low-latency service with high-responsible computing capabilities, they are still facing many challenges posed by the limited hardware resources and diverse offloading requests. However, traditional approaches are usually based on the centralized architecture and batch-processing scheduling mode, which might lead to low efficiency and high communication overhead. Besides, they also lack the consideration of task diversity and priorities, which are crucial in real-world application scenarios. Thus, smart task scheduling and resource provision strategies with a high real-time property are urgently needed for better user experience and higher resource utilization. In this article, we target the online edge IoT task scheduling and resource allocation problem and propose a decentralized approach (DoSRA). The experiments based on real-world edge environments have demonstrated that the proposed approach could achieve at most a 35.34% reduction on the average weighted offloading response time.
Dual-Space Co-Evolutionary Memetic Algorithm for Scheduling Hybrid Differentiation Flowshop With Limited Buffer Constraints

This article proposes a novel and efficient dual-space co-evolutionary memetic algorithm (DCMA) to tackle a practical hybrid differentiation flowshop scheduling problem with limited buffer constraints. In this scheduling problem, jobs are divided into different types and each job consists of multiple parts. The manufacturing of a job involves three stages: 1) parts fabrication on first-stage parallel machines; 2) parts assembly on second-stage single machine; and 3) job differentiation on one of third-stage dedicated machines. Due to the assembly operation and limited buffers between adjacent stages, deadlock and blocking will occur. We formulate the problem and present a deadlock handling policy to guarantee all schedules feasible. Then, we propose the DCMA metaheuristic to approximate the optimal solutions in acceptable time. Global exploration of DCMA is performed by a hybrid of three parts: 1) a continuous optimizer to be executed in continuous search space; 2) a discrete optimizer to be executed in combinatorial solution space; and 3) a meta-Lamarckian learning-based selection mechanism for adaptively determining that which optimizer is more suitable for current global exploration campaign. To balance exploration and exploitation, three problem-special local search strategies are presented, which collaborates with each other and are adaptively started to avoid high computational costs. The effect of parameter setting on DCMA is checked by the Taguchi method of design of experiment. The computational experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of DCMA special designs, and show that DCMA performs better than the existing algorithms for the considered problem.
Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy Measurements in Polluted Environments

In dieser Arbeit werden die Ergebisse von MAX-DOAS Messungen wahrend zweier umfangreicher Meskampagnen vorgestellt. Eine Meskampagne fand im Sommer 2004 im Nordosten der USA statt (ICARTT), die andere im Fruhling 2006 in Mexiko Stadt (MILAGRO). In beiden Meskampagnen wurden mehrere MAX-DOAS Instrumente an verschiedenen Orten aufgestellt und Zeitserien von NO2, SO2, HONO, HCHO, CHOCHO und O4 sowie von Aerosolextinktion gewonnen. Die raumliche und zeitliche Variation dieser Messungen wurden untersucht, um die entsprechenden Emissionsquellen, die chemischen Transformationsprozesse und die Transportwege zu charakterisieren und zu quantifizieren. Insgesamt erfullten sich die diesbezuglichen Vermutungen. In einigen Fallen konnten Wochengange in den Zeitserien beobachtet werden, was eine klare zeitliche Verknupfung zwischen den Rhythmen der Emissionen und den gemessenen Spurengasen bedeutet. In den meisten Fallen konnten die gemessenen Spurengase eindeutig bestimmten Emissionsquellen zugeordnet werden. Ein weiteres interessantes Ergebnis war die weitgehende Ubereinstimmung der Zeitserien von Aerosolextinktion und der von Spurengasen. Als Entdeckung konnen die erstmaligen Messungen sowohl von Glyoxal als auch von salpetriger Saure mit der MAX-DOAS Methode angefuhrt werden. Beide Messungen ergaben teilweise unerwartete Erkenntnisse, was die sehr starken Absorptionen von salpetriger Saure in Mexiko Stadt und die von Glyoxal im Golf von Maine betreffen. Daher sollten die Forschungen in dieser Richtung weitergefuhrt werden. In dieser Arbeit wurden auch Inversionstechniken entwickelt, die einen quantitativen Vergleich von mit MAX-DOAS gemessenen Daten mit anderen Messungen von z. B. in-situ oder durch Satelliten ermoglichen. Aufgrund der Erfahrungen dieser beiden Meskampagnen wird die Grundung eines globalen Netzwerks von automatisierten MAX-DOAS Instrumenten empfohlen.
A refractive-index and position-independent single-particle detector for large, nonabsorbing, spherical particles

Abstract We show that for spherical particles with real refractive index and diameters greater than ca. 10 microns, the differential scattering cross-section is only independent of the refractive index at angles near 37 ± 5°. We built a device with a modified Gaussian incident beam profile so that the beam transit time of a particle passing through the beam can determine the true incident intensity for the scattering of the particle. By combining the modified Gaussian incident beam profile with detection of scattered light near 37 ± 5°, we demonstrate a refractive-index independent measurement of single spherical particles as they pass through the beam. Copyright © 2018 American Association for Aerosol Research
Prevalence and prognostic value of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy as defined according to the proposed new classification

Aim of the study Prevalence and prognostic relevance of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM), as defined according to the new core criteria proposed in 2019, are still unknown. We investigated this relevant issue in a large cohort of cirrhotic patients. Material and methods We retrospectively interrogated a data set of 162 collected cirrhotic patients followed up for at least 6 years, who underwent standard Doppler echocardiography and were compared with 46 healthy subjects. Left ventricular (LV) geometry, systo-diastolic function, global longitudinal strain and the main hemodynamic parameters were assessed according to current guidelines. Systolic dysfunction was diagnosed if LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 50% and/or global longitudinal strain (GLS) < 18% or > 22%. Results Adequate echocardiographic images permitting speckle tracking analysis were available in 83 patients. No patient presented LVEF ≤ 50%, GLS < 18% or > 22% was evident in 25%, advanced diastolic dysfunction was evident in 10%. Overall the prevalence of CCM was 29%. Patients with and without CCM presented similar clinical, biochemical, hemodynamic and echocardiographic features at baseline and similar incidence of death or type 1 hepatorenal syndrome at follow-up. Conclusions According to the new criteria CCM is detected in 29%, mainly due to altered GLS at rest, but without prognostic relevance and therefore useless for the clinical management of cirrhotic patients. We propose to modify the criteria by removing the LVEF assessment and adding also a stress test assessing the cardiac contractile reserve to distinguish patients with a blunted cardiac response, which could present a worst prognosis.
Beyond Two Cultures: Cultural Infrastructure for Data-driven Decision Support

Abstract:In the twenty years since Dr. Leo Breiman's incendiary paper Statistical Modeling: The Two Cultures was first published, algorithmic modeling techniques have gone from controversial to commonplace in the statistical community. While the widespread adoption of these methods as part of the contemporary statistician's toolkit is a testament to Dr. Breiman's vision, the number of high-profile failures of algorithmic models suggests that Dr. Breiman's final remark that "the emphasis needs to be on the problem and the data" has been less widely heeded. In the spirit of Dr. Breiman, we detail an emerging research community in statistics—data-driven decision support. We assert that to realize the full potential of decision support, broadly and in the context of precision health, will require a culture of social awareness and accountability, in addition to ongoing attention towards complex technical challenges.
Resource Requirements of Food Demand in the United States

Natural resources facilitate production of an adequate daily food supply for Americans. Food consumption in the United States, measured in total calories per day, increased about 50 percent over a recent 25-year span. Understanding how changes in food consumption impact the U.S. food system’s use of the country’s natural resources requires consideration of many factors. We find that diets, or food choices, are likely to be an important factor. For example, had the diets of Americans who met all the 2010 USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans back in 2007 become the typical American diet of that time, then per capita consumption of the fruits, vegetables, legumes/nuts/seeds, eggs, and dairy categories would have increased, while per capita consumption in the sugars/sweets/beverages, fats/oils/salad dressings, grain products, and meat/poultry/fish/mixtures food groups would have declined. In such a scenario, under the production and marketing practices in 2007, nutrition and resource conservation goals would have been mostly complementary, or synergistic. As one notable exception, water conservation in particular may have required tradeoffs between competing goals, especially for production of fruits, vegetables, and dairy. This report combines empirical evidence of resource use in the system in 2007 with the presentation of a framework for a broader empirical study of sustainable pathways to producing a healthy and adequate food supply.