Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical and parasitological assessment of lymphatic filariasis in Jahum Local Government Area, Jigawa State

The Nigerian lymphatic filariasis elimination programme (NLFEP) has set 2015 to eliminate the disease in the country. The successes of this programme defends of identify and treating endemic communities. Unfortunately, information on the distribution and nature of the disease from many parts of the country is lacking. This study was carried out to assess the clinical and parasitological prevalence in three (3) communities in Jahun Local government of Jigawa state, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty (150) participants were assessed. Clinical examination of the participants was carried out to assess the manifestation associated with the infection. Blood samples were collected between 10 pm and 1 am local time by finger prick method and stained with Giemsa stain for examination to establish the presence of Wuchereria bancrofti. Chronic manifestation such as lymphoedema of the legs, scrotum and breasts where observed during the study. 11.3% had lymphoedema, and hydrocele was 7.0%. Involvement of the breast was rare in the study population. There was no association between the clinical manifestations and communities, gender and age (P>0.05). The overall microfilariae prevalence was 2% and microfilariae density was between 1-5 mf/μl in the study area. There was no statistically significant association between microfilaria prevalence, density, age and gender (P>0.05). lymphatic filariasis is endemic in the study area, the prevalence is above the threshold level of endemicity recommended by WHO for selecting endemic communities for the mass drugs administration MDA to eradicate the diseases. Keywords: Prevalence, Filariasis, Elephantiasis, Lymphodema, Wuchereria, Microfilaria
Using Perceived Self-Efficacy to Measure Outcomes: Evaluation of a Two-Day Course

Introduction: Perceived self-efficacy comprises the beliefs held by an individual about his or her ability to organize and execute the tasks required to achieve a desired result. Self-efficacy beliefs have been shown to predict subsequent work-related performance and may be transformed through experiences that convey a realistic sense of what is required to be successful in a given domain of functioning (mastery experiences). Many continuing medical education (CME) activities may be considered mastery experiences, and therefore, changes in perceived self-efficacy are viable measures of educational outcomes. Changes in perceived self-efficacy can be measured fairly easily. Method: We evaluated changes in self-efficacy beliefs by administering a survey of 17 items related to dementia care to members of the primary-care track of a CME activity focused on dementia. Participants were assessed before and 30 days after participating in the activity. We added clinical vignettes to the post-activity assessment to evaluate clinical behavior. We also administered the efficacy items and the vignettes to a demographically-matched group of nonparticipants. Results: Few demographic differences were found among the 3 groups (baseline, post, nonparticipants). We were able measure increases in perceived self-efficacy among participants in all items, with statistically significant differences measured in 11 out of 17 items. Participants were more likely than nonparticipants to make correct management decisions in the clinical vignettes, with significant differences measured in 3 out of 9 items. Nonparticipants performed significantly better than participants on 1 item, which may reflect participation bias.
Fuzzy solutions in process supervision 1 . Knowledge acquisition and learning

5. Fuzzy supervision o f a manufactur ing cell Objective of this project was the supervision of a manufacturing cell robot. To realise a high grade of automation in such a manufacturing cell, fault detection is as necessary as an effective process supervision. Thereby disturbances in the load moment that act upon the robot should be detected. Such disturbances can arise, for example, if the robot collides with the walls of the cell, or with other objects. The residuals are generated by an observer-based method employing analytical redundancy, such that no additional sensors are required. If small threshold values are used for the fault detection, it is possible that false alarms are triggered because of modell ing faults, process noise, etc. To reduce the false alarm rate, heuristic knowledge about the process is used for supervision. This is realised by fuzzy rules so that the threshold values can be adapted on-line. The realised results show that by using the presented method, the false alarm rate can be reduced considerably, whereas a high sensitivity against faults can be achieved. Simultaneously it could be shown that fuzzy rules in expert systems have to be used carefully and only parallel rules should be applied.
A Multi-Variables Multi -Sites Hydrological Forecasting Model Using Relative Correlations

A multi-variables multi-sites hydrological data forecasting model was derived and checked using a case study. The philosophy of this model is to use the cross-variables correlations, cross-sites correlations and the time lag correlations simultaneously. The case study is of four variables and three sites. The variables are the monthly air temperature, humidity, precipitation, and evaporation; the sites are Sulaimania, Chwarta, and Penjwin, which are located north Iraq. This model represents a modification of the model proposed by Al-Suhili and Mustafa(2013). The model performance was compared with four well known forecasting models developed for the same data. These models are the single-site single-variable first order auto regressive, the multi-variables single-site Matalas(1967), the single-variable multi-sites Matalas(1967), and Al-Suhili and Mustafa models. In addition to that another multi-variables multi-sites model was developed herein similar in its concept to the Matalas(1967) model considering the variables as an additional sites. The results of the six models for three forecasted series for each variable, were compared using the Akaike test which indicates that the developed model is more successful, since it gave the minimum (AIC) values for ( 83.33 %) of the forecasted series. This indicates that the developed model had improved the forecasting performance. Moreover the t-test for monthly means comparison between the models indicates that the developed model has the highest percentage of succeed (94.44%).
P o S ( H a d r o n 2 0 1 7 ) 1 3 5 Model Selection for Pion Photoproduction

In a precision era of hadron spectroscopy, new tools are required for the analysis of data from hadron reactions. In this talk, we show an analysis of low-energy neutral pion photoproduction data using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) in combination with criteria from information theory and K-fold cross validation. These analysis techniques will become relevant in the near future. First, we illustrate these methods with synthetic data; then, the latest available measurements of differential cross sections (dσ/dΩ), photon-beam asymmetries (Σ), and target asymmetry differential cross sections (dσT/d ≡ T dσ/dΩ) in the low-energy regime, are analyzed, and its feasibility for real data is demonstrated.
Entropy of Real Rational Surface Automorphisms

Abstract We compare real and complex dynamics for automorphisms of rational surfaces that are obtained by lifting some quadratic birational maps of the plane. In particular, we show how to exploit the existence of an invariant cubic curve to understand how the real part of an automorphism acts on homology. We apply this understanding to give examples where the entropy of the full (complex) automorphism is the same as its real restriction. Conversely and by different methods, we exhibit different examples where the entropy is strictly decreased by restricting to the real part of the surface. Finally, we give an example of a rational surface automorphism with positive entropy whose periodic cycles are all real.
The in vitro analysis of tRNA-tryptophan amber suppressor expression in Caenorhabditis elegans

In the nematode Caenorhabditis elesans, amber suppressor mutations of different ~ R N A ~ ~ P genes do not suppress amber mutations in different genes equally, even though the mature suptRNA sequences are identical (Kondo et al. J M B 215, 7, 1990). The results suggest either different levels of suptRNA expression, or tissueand/or developmentally-specific expression of these suptRNAs. The latter may arise through differences in flanking sequences or chromosomal position of the suptRNA gene. Transcription in vitro of individual, cloned suptRNA genes in embryo extracts produces levels of expression roughly paralleling those of the phenotypic assays i.e. a hierarchy with sup-5 and sup-7 more efficiently transcribed than the rest. We have now tested the effects of altered flanking sequences on this expression I such experiments might also give us an indication of which templates to test in the future in transgenic animals. The alleles sup-7, sup-24, and sup-29 were chosen for deletion analysis since they represented strong, medium, and weak levels of transcription in vitro and suppression vivo. For each of these genes, deletions were carried out from the end; an additional series of 3 ' deletions was also undertaken for sup-7. For sup-24 and sup-29, transcriptional activity was sharply reduced only when virtually all of the upstream flanking region had been replaced with vector sequence. In contrast, sup-7 activity was significantly diminished with the elimination of an element more distal from the gene (20 to 30 bp away). With the 3 ' deletions of sup-7, loss of expression was seen only when the deletions entered the coding region itself. QUOTATIONS AND DEDiCATION "Don't ever become a pessimist, Ira; a pessimist is correct oftener than an optimist, but an optimist has more fun and neither can stop the march of events. " Lazarus Long in Time Enouqh For Love Robert A. Heinlen, 1973. "Give the future enough thought to be ready for it but don't worry about it. Live each day as if you were to die next sunrise. Then face each sunrise as a fresh creation and live fgr it, joyously. And never think about the past. No regrets, ever. Ibid. To Tania, the most patient person in the world; Shannon the prettiest little girl in the world; Connor, the goofiest kid in the world; and one more to come.
Running title : Basal p 53 activates multiple tumor suppressor genes 1 p 53 maintains baseline expression of multiple tumor suppressor genes

TP53 is the most commonly mutated tumor suppressor gene and its mutation drives tumorigenesis. Using ChIP-seq for p53 in the absence of acute cell stress, we found that wildtype but not mutant p53 binds and activates numerous tumor suppressor genes including PTEN, STK11(LKB1), miR-34a, KDM6A(UTX), FOXO1, PHLDA3, and TNFRSF10B through consensus binding sites in enhancers and promoters. Depletion of p53 reduced expression of these target genes, and analysis across 18 tumor types showed that mutation of TP53 associated with reduced expression of many of these genes. Regarding PTEN, p53 activated expression of a luciferase reporter gene containing the p53-consensus site in the PTEN enhancer, and homozygous deletion of this region in cells decreased PTEN expression and increased growth and transformation. These findings show that p53 maintains expression of a team of tumor suppressor genes that may together with the stress-induced targets mediate the ability of p53 to suppress cancer development. p53 mutations selected during tumor initiation and progression thus inactivate multiple tumor suppressor genes in parallel, which could account for the high frequency of p53 mutations in cancer. on May 8, 2017. © 2017 American Association for Cancer Research. mcr.aacrjournals. org Downloaded from Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on May 8, 2017; DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-17-0089
Title Tween 80 and respiratory growth affect metabolite production and membrane fatty acids in Lactobacillus casei N 87 Running Title Metabolite production in respirative Lactobacillus casei N 87

Aim: To evaluate the effect of cultivation (anaerobiosis vs respiration) and Tween 80 supplementation on the production of metabolites and on the composition of membrane fatty acids in Lactobacillus casei N87. Methods and Results: Anaerobic and respiratory growth, with or without Tween 80 supplementation, was carried out in a chemically defined medium. Production of biomass, organic acids, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), consumption of amino acids and changes in membrane fatty acids (FAs) were investigated. Respiration altered the central metabolism rerouting pyruvate away from lactate accumulation, while Tween 80 had a minor effect on metabolic pathways. VOCs were mainly affected by growth conditions and significant amounts of diacetyl were produced by respiratory cultures. Respiration increased desaturation of membrane lipids and Tween 80 improved the production of essential polyunsaturated FAs. Palmitic acid decreased in Tween-supplemented aerated cultures. Conclusions: Combination of Tween 80 and respiratory growth promoted production of biomass and aroma compounds and affected the composition of membrane fatty acids in L. casei N87. Significance and Impact of the Study: Respiration might be exploited in L. casei as a natural strategy for the enhanced production of aroma compounds.
The use of the natural abundance of stable carbon isotopes in determining the quantitative significance of photosynthesis in reproductive structures

The role of photosynthesis by reproductive structures during grain-filling has important implications for cereal breeding, but the methods for assessing the contribution by reproductive structures to grain-filling are invasive and prone to compensatory changes elsewhere in the plant. A technique analysing the natural abundance of stable carbon isotopes in soluble carbohydrates has significant promise. However, it depends crucially on there being no more than two sources of organic carbon (leaf and ear/awn), with significantly different C:C ratios and no secondary fractionation during grainfilling. The role of additional peduncle carbohydrate reserves represents a potential means for N remobilization, as well as for hydraulic continuity during grain-filling. The natural abundance of the stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen are also useful for exploring the influence of reproduction on whole plant carbon and water relations and have been used to examine the resource costs of reproduction in females and males of dioecious plants. Photosynthesis in reproductive structures is widespread among oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, including many clades of algae and embryophytes of different levels of complexity. The possible evolutionary benefits of photosynthesis in reproductive structures include decreasing the carbon cost of reproduction and ‘use’ of transpiratory loss of water to deliver phloem-immobile calcium Ca and silicon [Si(OH)4] via the xylem. The possible costs of photosynthesis in reproductive structures are increasing damage to DNA from photosynthetically active, and hence UV-B, radiation and the production of reactive oxygen species.
Multiplex Detection of Gastrointestinal Pathogens : 1 A Comparative Evaluation of Two Commercial Panels Using Clinical Stool Specimens

1 Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo 7 Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905; 2 Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN 55164; 3 Division 8 of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 9 10 Running title: FilmArray and Luminex on gastrointestinal specimens 11 12 Corresponding Author: 13 Matthew J. Binnicker, Ph.D., D(ABMM) 14 Division of Clinical Microbiology 15 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology 16 Mayo Clinic 17 200 First Street, Hilton 4-54 18 Rochester, MN 55905 19
Aerobic Physical Training On The Pulmonary Function Of Men With Coronary Arterial Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: to evaluate the pulmonary function of patients with coronary arterial disease (CAD) before and after exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program with emphasis on aerobic physical training. Methods: 19 men with CAD, divided in trained group TG (n=10) and control group CG (n=9) were studied. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were carried out at 2 points for both groups: at the beginning and finale of the experimental protocol to evaluate and to compare the CG and TG. The CG participated in the evaluations only and is not subjected to any intervention, and the TG was submitted to 48 supervised aerobic physical training sessions to verify the effects of physical training on pulmonary function. Results: At the beginning of the study all the patients showed low values for FVC and FEV1 in relation to what was expected (CG: 72.2 ± 9.1% and 72.4 ± 16.3%, respectively; TG: 77.5 ± 12.1% and 75.2 ± 13.6%, respectively). After the training period, the CG values did not show any significant changes in comparison to the pre-training conditions for FVC (76.1 ± 11.5%) and FEV1 (75.4 ± 17.2%). In the TG there was a significant increase in both FVC (86.1 ± 12.1%) and FEV1 (86.0 ± 15.3%). Conclusion: There was a significant increase in FVC and FEV1 values in the TG patients after four months of participation in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program, and this fact suggests beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on the pulmonary function of patients with CAD.
Formation and structure of refrozen cracks in land‐fast first‐year sea ice

[1] This study characterizes the healing process and structure of undeformed, linear, parallel-sided, flooded cracks in land-fast sea ice. Field investigations and refreezing experiments were performed in McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea, Antarctica, between 1998 and 2002. Data from a two-dimensional thermistor array are used to show that the ice-water interface of freezing cracks is arch-shaped due to bidirectional heat flow to the surrounding ice cover and to the atmosphere. Ice growing laterally into the crack is found to desalinate over a prolonged period of time, until the isotherms are approximately horizontal. Superposition of heat flow to the atmosphere and to the host sea ice sheet allows the refreezing progress to be modeled analytically. Close to the ice–air interface, the salinity is higher at the sides of wide refrozen cracks than it is at the center. However, deeper down and in narrower cracks in general, the salinity is higher at the center than at the sides. A finite volume, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model reproduces the generally arch-shaped alignment of brine pockets. This pattern is attributed to convection in the mushy layer. Crystals are found to grow upstream into the crack due to a salinity gradient in the buoyant convective flow.
A Monte Carlo Analysis for Collision Risk Assessment on Vega Launcher Payloads and LARES Satellite

Abstract This work has been developed in the framework of the LARES mission of the Italian Space Agency (ASI). The LARES satellite has been built to test, with high accuracy, the frame–dragging effect predicted by the theory of General Relativity, specifically the Lense–Thirring drag of its node. LARES was the main payload in the qualification flight of the European Space Agency launcher VEGA. A concern arose about the possibility of an impact between the eight secondary payloads among themselves, with LARES and with the last stage of the launcher (AVUM). An impact would have caused failure on the payloads and the production of debris in violation of the space debris mitigation measures established internationally. As an additional contribution, this study allowed the effect of the payload release on the final manoeuvers of the AVUM to be understood.
A Spatial-Temporal ARMA Model of the Incidence of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Wenzhou, China

To investigate the variability of HFMD in each county of Wenzhou, a spatial-temporal ARMA model is presented, and a general Bayesian framework is given for parameter estimation. The proposed model has two advantages: (i) allowing time series to be correlated, thus it can describe the series both spatially and temporally; (ii) implementing forecast easily. Based on the HFMD data in Wenzhou, we find that HFMD had positive spatial autocorrelation and the incidence seasonal peak was between May and July. In the county-level analysis, we find that after first-order difference the spatial-temporal ARMA model provides an adequate fit to the data.
for Acquired Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer : A Novel Mechanism α D 538 G Mutation in Estrogen Receptor-Updated

Resistance to endocrine therapy occurs in virtually all patients with estrogen receptor a (ERa)-positive metastatic breast cancer, and is attributed to various mechanisms including loss of ERa expression, altered activity of coregulators, and cross-talk between the ERa and growth factor signaling pathways. To our knowledge, acquiredmutations of the ERa have not been described asmediating endocrine resistance. Samples of 13 patients withmetastatic breast cancerwere analyzed formutations in cancer-related genes. Infive patientswhodeveloped resistance to hormonal therapy, a mutation of A to G at position 1,613 of ERa, resulting in a substitution of aspartic acid at position 538 to glycine (D538G), was identified in liver metastases. Importantly, themutation was not detected in the primary tumors obtained prior to endocrine treatment. Structural modeling indicated that D538G substitution leads to a conformational change in the ligand-binding domain, which mimics the conformation of activated ligand-bound receptor and alters binding of tamoxifen. Indeed, experiments in breast cancer cells indicated constitutive, ligand-independent transcriptional activity of the D538G receptor, and overexpression of it enhanced proliferation and conferred resistance to tamoxifen. These data indicate a novel mechanism of acquired endocrine resistance in breast cancer. Further studies are needed to assess the frequency of D538G-ERa among patients with breast cancer and explore ways to inhibit its activity and restore endocrine sensitivity. Cancer Res; 1–9. 2013 AACR.