Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Principles of GNSS, Inertial, and Multi-Sensor Integrated Navigation Systems

This book offers the reader a solid understanding of satellite navigation, inertial navigation, terrestrial radio navigation, dead reckoning, feature matching, and integrated navigation. It provides both an introduction to navigation systems and an in-depth treatment of INS/GNSS and multisensor integration. The book shows the reader how satellite, inertial, and other navigation technologies work, and focuses on processing chains and error sources. In addition, the book gives a clear introduction to co-ordinate frame, multi-frame kinematics, Earth models, gravity, and the Kalman filter. Providing solutions to common integration problems, the book describes and compares different integration architectures, and explains how to model different error sources. The book gives a broad and penetrating overview of current technology and are brought up to speed with the latest developments in the field, including the new GNSS signals, GNSS operation in challenging environments, deep integration, enhanced Loran, urban and indoor positioning, and pedestrian dead reckoning.
Design and fatigue assessment of the hybrid monopile connection details using finite element analysis

The hybrid monopile is a substructure concept for offshore wind turbines initially designed and developed by Fistuca B.V. This Thesis is about the initial concept design of the connection details in the hybrid monopile. Several concept connections are designed. The best concept is selected and thereafter assessed on the ultimate limit state, serviceability limit state and the fatigue limit state. This is all done using the finite element program ANSYS APDL.
Spatial Cognition IV, Reasoning, Action, Interaction

The Transregional Collaborative Research Center SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition pursues interdisciplinary research on a broad range of topics related to the representation and processing mechanisms for intelligent spatial behavior in technical and in natural systems. This contribution gives an overview of the field of research worked on in the SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition and presents three representative examples that illustrate the activities in the three research areas Reasoning, Action, and Interaction.
Comparison of rambutan quality after hot forced-air and irradiation quarantine treatments.

Insect disinfestation treatments are required for many of Hawaii's tropical fruits before export to the U.S. mainland. For rambutan, Nephelium lappaceum L. , irradiation at 250 Gy is an Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)-approved quarantine treatment, but a hot forced-air treatment has also been proposed for eliminating fruit fly pests. Two days after harvest, rambutan fruit (cultivars R134 and R167) were subjected to: 1) hot forced-air at a seed surface temperature of 47.2 °C, 2) irradiation treatment at 250 Gy, or 3) left untreated as controls. Fruit were then stored at 10 °C in perforated plastic bags, and quality attributes were evaluated after 4, 8, and 12 days. 'R134' fruit treated with hot forced-air were significantly darker (lower L*) and less intensely colored (lower C*) than irradiated or nontreated fruits after 4 and 8 days of posttreatment storage; the external appearance was unacceptable after 4 days of storage, whereas irradiated fruit remained acceptable through 8 days of storage. Differences between treatments were less pronounced for 'R167'. 'R167' fruit treated with hot forced-air had lower L* and C* values and less acceptable external appearance ratings than did irradiated fruit at 4, 8, and 12 days posttreatment, but differences were not statistically significant. For both cultivars, external appearance of fruit in all treatments was unacceptable after 12 days of storage, whereas taste was rated as acceptable for all treatments on each day. Overall, under these experimental conditions, irradiation was superior to hot forced-air as a quarantine treatment on the basis of fruit quality maintenance. Rambutan is a tropical evergreen tree fruit native to Malaysia and Indonesia and is dis- tributed widely in humid, high rainfall areas of Southeast Asia (Nakasone and Paull, 1998; Watson, 1988). Malaysia and Thailand cur- rently are the major exporting countries. The tree belongs to the family Sapindaceae, which includes litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) and longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.). Rambu- tan is sometimes called the "hairy" litchi be- cause of the fruit's red coloring and flexible hair-like protuberances, called spinterns (Watson, 1988; Zee et al., 1998). Fruit of most rambutan cultivars are red when ripe, but some are yellow or pink (Watson, 1988). Rambutan is a nonclimacteric fruit, and its flavor and sweetness do not improve after harvest (Lam
Phylogeny of sex-determining mechanisms in squamate reptiles: are sex chromosomes an evolutionary trap?

Squamate reptiles possess two general modes of sex determination: (1) genotypic sex determination (GSD), where the sex of an individual is determined by sex chromosomes, i.e. by sex-specific differences in genotype; and (2) temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), where sex chromosomes are absent and sex is determined by nongenetic factors. After gathering information about sex-determining mechanisms for more than 400 species, we employed comparative phylogenetic analyses to reconstruct the evolution of sex determination in Squamata. Our results suggest relative uniformity in sex-determining mechanisms in the majority of the squamate lineages. Well-documented variability is found only in dragon lizards (Agamidae) and geckos (Gekkota). Polarity of the sex-determining mechanisms in outgroups identified TSD as the ancestral mode for Squamata. After extensive review of the literature, we concluded that to date there is no known well-documented transition from GSD to TSD in reptiles, although transitions in the opposite direction are plentiful and well corroborated by cytogenetic evidence. We postulate that the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms in Squamata was probably restricted to the transitions from ancestral TSD to GSD. In other words, transitions were from the absence of sex chromosomes to the emergence of sex chromosomes, which have never disappeared and constitute an evolutionary trap. This evolutionary trap hypothesis could change the understanding of phylogenetic conservatism of sex-determining systems in many large clades such as butterflies, snakes, birds, and mammals. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 156, 168–183.
Practical aspects of modern interferometry for optical manufacturing quality control: Part 2

Abstract Modern phase shifting interferometers enable the manufacture of optical systems that drive the global economy. Semiconductor chips, solid-state cameras, cell phone cameras, infrared imaging systems, space based satellite imaging and DVD and Blu-Ray disks are all enabled by phase shifting interferometers. Theoretical treatments of data analysis and instrument design advance the technology but often are not helpful towards the practical use of interferometers. An understanding of the parameters that drive system performance is critical to produce useful results. Any interferometer will produce a data map and results; this paper, in three parts, reviews some of the key issues to minimize error sources in that data and provide a valid measurement.
The association between body mass, metabolic rates and survival of bank voles

Summary 1Many studies have been performed in an attempt to explain physiological, ecological and evolutionary factors behind inter- and intraspecific variation in basal metabolic rate (BMR) and maximum aerobic metabolic rate (VO2max). However, very little is known about the association between the traits and fitness components in populations of free-living animals. 2We studied the association between body size and the metabolic rates of bank voles Myodes (= Clethrionomys) glareolus and their survival, measured by repeated trappings across 2 years in an isolated, island population. All measured traits (body mass, BM; head width, HW; VO2max and BMR) were significantly repeatable over short (mean 5·4 days) and long (mean 56·4 days) intervals. 3Logistic regression analyses showed no consistent relationship between the measured traits and survival until the next trapping session. The correlations, if present, differed in direction between sessions and sexes. Survival over winters was negatively correlated with BM in males (P = 0·001) but not in females (P = 0·43). The logistic regression with quadratic effects revealed stabilizing selection on VO2max in males (across all sessions: P = 0·010; in breeding seasons only: P = 0·001). 4Both the presence of stabilizing selection and the opposite direction of the selection between sexes and/or seasons could contribute to the relatively high additive genetic variance of metabolic rates, reported earlier in the bank voles. 5The results indicate that the maximum rather than the basal rate of metabolism is important to individual fitness of the voles. However, lack of consistency in the association between survival and the metabolic traits casts doubt on previous assumptions regarding the importance of the level of metabolism to an individual's fitness.
Practical and scientific aspects of injection molding simulation

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
MOMDP solving algorithms comparison for safe path planning problems in urban environments

This paper tackles a problem of UAV safe path planning in an urban environment where the onboard sensors can be unavailable such as GPS occlusion. The key idea is to perform UAV path planning along with its navigation an guidance mode planning where each of these modes uses different set of sensors and whose availability and performance are environment-dependent. It is supposed to have a-priori knowledge in a form of gaussians mixture maps of obstacles and sensors availabilities. These maps allow the use of an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to have an accurate state estimate. This paper proposes a planner model based on Mixed Observability Markov Decision Process (MOMDP) and EKF. It allows the planner to propagate such probability map information to the future path for choosing the best action minimizing the expected cost.
Combined Application of Independent Component Analysis and Projective Filtering to Fetal ECG Extraction

The maternal abdominal signals contain a few components: the dominant maternal ECG, various types of noise and the signal of the primary interest — the fetal ECG. In order to obtain the fetal ECG, the maternal signal should first be suppressed. In the paper, we propose a combined application of the independent component analysis and projective filtering of the time-aligned beats to solve the problem of the fetal ECG extraction from multichannel abdominal signals, when the number of the channels is low. The independent component analysis performs spatial decomposition of the signals. It often leads to a successful separation of the maternal and the fetal ECG. When the separation is not complete, projective filtering can be applied to enhance the partially separated maternal ECG. Then the maternal ECG contained in the respective channels can be reconstructed and subtracted from the original composite signals. This operation leads to the extraction of the fetal ECG in the respective channels. The signal can still be enhanced by the second application of the independent component analysis. The developed system operation is illustrated, and the results of its application are compared to the results achievable by application of the independent component analysis.
A Novel Empirical Model For Drying Of Root Vegetables In Thin-Layers

In the present work, a new empirical thin layer model for modeling the hot-air drying of root vegetables was developed. Drying characteristics of root vegetables viz., red beetroot and radish are determined at various temperatures. A novel approach is compared with two well-known thin-layer drying models. The proposed model has given the highest determination coefficient (R 2 ). Statistical estimation of the moisture ratio (MR) from experiments and calculated shown that the proposed equation reliably gave the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) and sum of squares due to error (SSE). The results indicate that the proposed model has the best curve fitting ability for root vegetables.
Locally self-adjusting distributed algorithms

In this dissertation, we study self-adjusting algorithms for large-scale distributed systems. Self-adjusting algorithms enable distributed systems to adjust their properties dynamically as the input pattern changes. Self-adjustment is an attractive tool as it has the potential to significantly improve the performance of distributed systems, especially when the input patterns are skewed. We start with a distributed self-adjusting algorithm for skip graphs that minimizes the average routing costs between arbitrary communication pairs by performing topological adaptation to the communication pattern. Our algorithm is fully decentralized, conforms to the CONGEST model (i.e. uses O(log n) bit messages), and requires O(log n) bits of memory for each node, where n is the total number of nodes. Upon each communication request, our algorithm first establishes communication by using the standard skip graph routing, and then locally and partially reconstructs the skip graph topology to perform topological adaptation. We propose a computational model for such algorithms, as well as a yardstick (working set property) to evaluate them. Our working set property can also be used to evaluate self-adjusting algorithms for other graph classes where multiple tree-like subgraphs overlap (e.g. hypercube networks). We derive a lower bound of the amortized routing cost for any algorithm that follows our model and serves an unknown sequence of communication requests. We show that the routing cost of our algorithm is at most a constant factor more than the amortized routing cost of any algorithm conforming to our computational model. We also show that the expected transformation cost for our
A new approach to prioritizing marine fish and shellfish populations for conservation

There has been increasing awareness of the vulnerability of marine organisms to population extirpation and species extinction. While very few documented cases of species extinction exist in the marine environment, it is anticipated that managers will face the dilemma of prioritizing populations of marine fish and shellfish for protection in the near future. Current prioritization procedures have been developed from salmonid models with the intent of applying them to all marine organisms, and in some cases to freshwater and terrestrial taxa. In this review we provide evidence for the relevance of such a process for marine species and further suggest five broad categories of marine organisms that have distinctive traits influencing their genetic structure. The current prioritization models have been adapted to account for each of these species groups. Emphasis is placed on ‘Classical Marine Species’ which represent the opposite end of the continuum from the salmon model, displaying high within-population genetic variance. From this category, three cod ( Gadus morhua ) stocks were selected to evaluate a revised scheme developed specifically for ‘Classical Marine Species’ that includes performance measures such as (i) reduction in number of spawning populations; (ii) reduction of Ne : Nc (ratio of effective to census population size); (iii) changes in life-history traits; (iv) critical density for spawning success; and (v) patchy vs. continuous distribution pattern. When the salmonid scheme was applied, the cod examples were allocated low values, indicating that they were not under threat. However, when the revised scheme was applied, all three cod stocks were allocated high values, indicating that the revised scheme was more reflective of the particular life-history traits of this category of organisms.
Strategies to Reduce Knowledge Leakage: A Knowledge Absorptive Capacity-based Framework

As a strategic resource, knowledge must be shared across organizational structures in order to increase users' ability to retain it and re-create it. In an organizational context, hackers may convince individuals to share sensitive data with them through social engineering methodologies. This situation may generate dramatic information security issues given that individuals are unprepared to anticipate the security breaches that may emerge from their actions and the potential impact of these infringements on organizations. Based on a systematic literature review, this theoretical study proposes a framework that enables us to better identify the necessary skills users need in order to acquire and securely share sensitive knowledge in their work environment.
Effective auto-alignment and tracking of transceivers for visible-light communication in data centres

In recent years, extensive investigations have been made on high-speed visible light communication (VLC) for indoor applications including data centres. For high-speed VLC systems, precise alignment between the VLC transceivers is usually required to establish an optical link with less optical loss. In this paper, an effective scheme of auto-alignment and tracking of transceivers is proposed for practical VLC systems with a high-speed camera for location of the target light source and a two-axis gimbal for initial auto-alignment between transceivers. To explore the feasibility of the proposed scheme, real-time dynamic 200 Mb/s carrierless amplitude-phase (CAP)-VLC transmission is experimentally demonstrated in ≥ 3 m VLC links with red light emitting diodes (LEDs) at an angular accuracy of ≤ 0. 02º (0.35 mrad), a tracking speed of ≤ 27º/s and a latency of ≤ 21 ms. The proposed scheme can also be applied for coarse alignment in highspeed laser-based free space optical communication (FSO) systems with visible beacons. 10 Gb/s on-off keying (OOK) transmission is successfully demonstrated over a 1.8 m FSO link with the coarse alignment and the spatial light modulator (SLM)-based fine alignment. Experimental results indicate good flexibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme for an FSO system with high spatial efficiency and low cabling complexity in data centres.
Node Importance Evaluation Algorithm Combining Local and Global Information

With the rapid development of Internet information technology, the exchanges between people is increasingly networked. Social networking tools such as Twitter and Facebook penetrate into every aspect of people's lives, outlining social networks of all sizes. In reality, each of us is in one network after another: a circle of friends on social networking sites such as Facebook; research collaboration and paper citation networks in academia; a circle of interests among like-minded friends; and social networks among classmates and friends. With the passage of time, the structure of social networks is becoming more and more complex. There is unknown potential value in the social networks that from these daily communication. The study of social networks has always been an important topic of complex network research. Complex networks have scale-free and small-world characteristics, which also makes some nodes in the network failure may lead to the collapse of the entire network, or even affect the overall situation, we call these nodes as important nodes. Therefore, how to evaluate the importance of nodes in social networks, and how to quickly mine the important nodes in the network has been a hot topic of social network research.
Realized habitats of early-stage North Sea herring: looking for signals of environmental change

Realized habitats of North Sea herring for two larval and two juvenile stages were estimated over the past 30 years, using abundances from surveys tied to modelled estimates of temperature and salinity. Newly hatched larvae (NHL) were found mainly in water masses of 9–11°C, pre-metamorphosis larvae (PML) around 5–6°C, juveniles aged 0 in summer around 13–14°C, and juveniles aged 1 in winter around 4–5°C. The median salinity in which the NHL were distributed was 34.4–35.0 and 33.7–33.9, respectively, for PML and juveniles. Interannual variations in temperature and geographic variables in the North Sea were compared with the time-series of realized habitats. The realized temperature habitats of the NHL did not change over time, but the habitat of juveniles in summer may be associated with higher temperatures. Juveniles aged 1 in winter are found in waters colder than the average for the North Sea, a result also reflected in their geographic shift east into shallower water. The results suggest that juveniles could be limited by temperature, but may also track changes in food or predator distribution, and/or internal population dynamics. Time-series analysis of realized salinity habitats was not possible with the available data because of differences between model outputs
Health Status and Permanent Loss to Follow up of Ellisras Longitudinal Study Subjects: Rural South African Context

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for two out of three deaths worldwide with their profile changing from one country to another. But evidence to sustained these changes are still very limited in rural South African population. The well-characterized Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS) provides a unique opportunity of mapping some of these changes in vulnerable adolescent and young adults. The objective is we determined the extent of NCD risk factors derived from anthropometric and blood pressure measurements affected Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS) subjects over time for those who died or permanently lost to follow-up. A total of 2238 subjects aged 3 – 10 years (born between 1994 and 1986) were randomly selected to take part of the Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS) in November 1996. The attrition rate of ELS subjects based on death ranges between 0.71 and 3.73% for boys and 0.75 and 4.89% for girls. The prevalence of sever undernutrition ranges from 3.2 to 53%, moderate undernutrition ranges from 9.7 to 28.8%, while mild undernutrition ranges from 17.9 to 59.1% for both males and females. The prevalence of undernutrition was high while hypertension, obesity, and overweight were low in the population. The identification of appropriate NCD indicators for mortality in rural South African population needs more consideration and evaluation.
Complications of abortion. Technical and managerial guidelines for prevention and treatment

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