Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monopile Foundation Offshore Wind Turbine Simulation and Retrofitting

MONOPILE FOUNDATION OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE SIMULATION AND RETROFITTING WILLIAM A. SCHAFFER 2017 Offshore wind turbines (OWT) provide a renewable source of energy with great proximity to many large cities. This has caused a major increase in OWT development and implementation, primarily in Europe, but spreading throughout the world. There are a multitude of different foundation options, each with their own benefits. The most common types are: monopile, jacket, TLP, Semi-Submersible, and SPAR. The monopile foundation OWT has been proven to be the most economic selection for water depths up to approximately 25m. This thesis has analyzed strictly monopile foundations due to their previous success and popularity. Three different chapters have been created to cover the two different research papers contained in this thesis. Chapter one utilizes the software ANSYS to complete a multi-hazard computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis of a monopile foundation OWT. A dynamic analysis was performed on the structure, with a p-y curve soil-structure interaction implemented. Chapter two aims to verify the plausibility of a retrofit solution to a significant problem certain previously installed monopiles have developed. The annulus grout of the transition zone of the structure has been determined to be under-designed, and thus has experienced crushing. This allows the tower to slightly slide down the monopile, increasing the chances of total structural failure. A retrofit bolted connected has been implemented, and proven to significantly increase the limiting shear
Using ANC and Wavelet Based Technique for DeNoising the Ocular Artifact and Detection of Epileptic in EEG signal

Introduced a new model using DWT and ANC techniques to remove the OAs in contaminated EEG signals. The model is based on discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) and adaptive noise cancellation (ANC). A particularly novel feature of the new model is the use of DWTs to construct an OA reference signal, using the three lowest frequency wavelet coefficients of the EEGs. The results show that the new model demonstrates an improved performance with respect to the recovery of true EEG signals and also has a better tracking performance. The model is also applied and evaluated against data recorded within the EUFP 7 Project—Online Predictive Tools for Intervention in Mental Illness (OPTIMI). The results show that the proposed model is effective in removing OAs and meets the requirements of portable systems used for patient monitoring as typified by the OPTIMI project.After that, artifacts removal signals are received to identify the brain condition and then extract the feature.Features like mean, median ,and wavelet based features are extracted from the signal.The extracted features are classified using SVM classifier. System matches the signals with the true label to decide the condition is occurred in brain.
Mitochondrial DNA variation in two samples of northern pike , Esox

The mitochondrial genotype of northern pike, Esox lucius L. , was characterized by restriction analysis performed over the entire mtDNA molecule (33 fish) and over a μ1. 4-kb PCR-amplified segment of a mitochondrial non-coding control region (six fish). Out of eight restriction endonucleases used in the present study of the entire mitochondrial genome, the Nco I and Pst I enzymes produced variant fragment patterns which allowed identification of three mitochondrial genotypes. Low mtDNA diversity was shown by estimates of pairwise nucleotide substitution values (d; mean 6 SE 5 0.49 6 0.43%), haplotype diversity (h 5 0.16) and the nucleotide diversity index (π 5 0.06%). The present authors developed a PCR protocol for mitochondrial DNA non-coding control region to search for more variation. Whereas the PCR assays revealed distinct length variation in this mtDNA segment, restriction analysis performed with three additional restriction enzymes showed no variability which could be attributed to a gain or loss of a particular restriction site. Although the mtDNA analysis proved ineffective in genetic discrimination between the two northern pike samples studied, fish with rare mtDNA genotypes could be used for conducting experimental genome engineering or stocking studies with this species.
The Northwest Africa 1500 meteorite: Not a ureilite, maybe a brachinite

Abstract– The Northwest Africa (NWA) 1500 meteorite is an olivine‐rich achondrite containing approximately 2–3 vol% augite, 1–2 vol% plagioclase, 1 vol% chromite, and minor orthopyroxene, Cl‐apatite, metal and sulfide. It was originally classified as a ureilite, but is currently ungrouped. We re‐examined the oxygen three‐isotope composition of NWA 1500. Results of ultra‐high precision (∼0.03‰ for Δ17O) laser fluorination analyses of two bulk chips, and high precision (∼0.3‰) secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analyses of olivine and plagioclase in a thin section, show that the oxygen isotope composition of NWA 1500 (Δ17O = −0.22‰ from bulk samples and −0.18 ± 0.06‰ from 16 mineral analyses) is within the range of brachinites. We compare petrologic and geochemical characteristics of NWA 1500 with those of brachinites and other olivine‐rich primitive achondrites, including new petrographic, mineral compositional and bulk compositional data for brachinites Hughes 026, Reid 013, NWA 5191, NWA 595, and Brachina. Modal mineral abundances, texture, olivine and pyroxene major and minor element compositions, plagioclase major element compositions, rare earth element abundances, and siderophile element abundances of NWA 1500 are within the range of those in brachinites and, in most cases, well distinguished from those of winonaites/IAB silicates, acapulcoites/lodranites, ureilites, and Divnoe. NWA 1500 shows evidence of internal reduction, in the form of reversely zoned olivine (Fo ∼65–73 core to rim) and fine‐grained intergrowths of orthopyroxene + metal along olivine grain margins. The latter also occur in Reid 013, Hughes 026, NWA 5191, and NWA 595. We argue that reduction (olivine→enstatite + Fe0 + O2) is the best hypothesis for their origin in these samples as well. We suggest that NWA 1500 should be classified as a brachinite, which has implications for the petrogenesis of brachinites. Fe‐Mn‐Mg compositions of brachinite olivine provide evidence of redox processes among bulk samples. NWA 1500 provides evidence for redox processes on a smaller scale as well, which supports the interpretation that these processes occurred in a parent body setting. SIMS data for 26Al‐26Mg isotopes in plagioclase in NWA 1500 show no 26Mg excesses beyond analytical uncertainties (1–2‰). The calculated upper limit for the initial 26Al/27Al ratio of the plagioclase corresponds to an age younger than 7 Ma after CAI. Compared to 53Mn‐53Cr data for Brachina ( Wadhwa et al. 1998b ), this implies either a much younger formation age or a more protracted cooling history. However, Brachina is atypical and this comparison may not extend to other brachinites.
ARMA and GARCH models for silver, nickel and copper price returns

This thesis compares Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) and Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedacity (GARCH) models for three metal commodities. ARMA models have an unconditionally non-random and constant variance, which typically serves well in effectively representing homoscedastic data. The GARCH models feature variable variance that is non-random when conditioning on the past. Thus these models are often used to represent heteroscedastic data. It is documented that financial data, including metal commodities frequently exhibit heteroscedacity. This thesis investigates if this heteroscedacity in the observed historical data is shown in the quality of its ARMA and GARCH fits. The data used for comparison involve three time series of logarithmic price return for silver, nickel and copper. In the hypothesis it is assumed that GARCH is more efficient than ARMA. The efficient market hypothesis is also tested. The logarithmic price returns are stationary which is confirmed by statistical tests. Thereby, it is appropriate to fit ARMA and GARCH models. The ARMA and GARCH models with the lowest Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) are selected from each series. The models forecasted values and running standard deviations are cross-validated with the observed historical data using three measures. These measures are Mean Absolute Scaled Error (MASE), symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (sMAPE) and correct pairs of sign which all provide different assessment of magnitude of error in estimation of the observed historical records. The correct pairs of sign are then tested against the efficient market hypothesis. The error in estimation for forecast values does not yield a difference between ARMA and GARCH models by MASE. For the running standard deviation, both measures MASE and sMAPE are applied. The GARCH model is then more efficient than ARMA. In this sense, the thesis confirms the increased efficiency of using GARCH models for metal commodities. According to correct pairs of sign measure, nickel has no arbitrage opportunities for logarithmic price return. This is expected according to the efficient market hypothesis. However, the test indicates it is possible to predict correct sign of logarithmic price return for copper and silver, which indicates that the efficient market hypothesis does not always apply.
One Robot, Eight Hours, and Twenty Four Thousand People

This paper presents an account of an autonomous mobile robot deployment in a densely crowded public event with thousands of people from different age groups attending. The robot operated for eight hours on an open floor surrounded by tables, chairs and massive touchscreen displays. Due to the large number of people who were in close vicinity of the robot, different safety measures were implemented including the use of no-go zones which prevent the robot from blocking emergency exits or moving too close to the display screens. The paper presents the lessons learnt and experiences obtained from this experiment, and provides a discussion about the state of mobile service robots in such crowded environments.
Population Size of Snowy Plovers Breeding in North America

Abstract. Snowy Plovers (Charadrius nivosus) may be one of the rarest shorebirds in North America yet a comprehensive assessment of their abundance and distribution has not been completed. During 2007 and 2008, 557 discrete wetlands were surveyed and nine additional large wetland complexes sampled in México and the USA. From these surveys, a population of 23,555 (95% CI = 17,299 – 29,859) breeding Snowy Plovers was estimated. Combining the estimate with information from areas not surveyed, the total North American population was assessed at 25,869 (95% CI = 18,917 – 32,173). Approximately 42% of all breeding Snowy Plovers in North America resided at two sites (Great Salt Lake, Utah, and Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma), and 33% of all these were on wetlands in the Great Basin (including Great Salt Lake). Also, coastal habitats in central and southern Texas supported large numbers of breeding plovers. New breeding sites were discovered in interior deserts and highlands and along the Pacific coast of México; approximately 9% of the North American breeding population occurred in México. Because of uncertainties about effects of climate change and current stresses to breeding habitats, the species should be a management and conservation priority. Periodic monitoring should be undertaken at important sites to ensure high quality habitat is available to support the Snowy Plover population.
NEED FOR SPECIES-SPECIFIC MODELS FOR BODY-COMPOSITION ESTIMATES OF SMALL MAMMALS USING EM-SCAN®

Abstract We evaluated the accuracy in using the Small Animal Composition Analyzer (EM-SCAN®, Model SA-2) for estimating body composition of live meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus). To investigate the necessity for a species-specific calibration equation, we compared the average error in estimates of lipid mass using meadow vole data in calibration equations derived for meadow voles in this study to equations derived for prairie voles (very similar in size and shape to meadow voles) and to those provided by the manufacturer. Analyses using a complete data set (n = 27 voles) and 2 subsets representing “lean” voles (n = 16) and “fat” voles (n = 11) were performed. The equation derived for meadow voles more accurately estimated lipid mass than the other equations with an average error of 1.55 g compared to 3.64 g using the prairie-vole equation and 4.73 g with the manufacturer equation, supporting the need for a species-specific equation even with species of very similar size and morphology.
Status of the KTH-NASA Wind-Tunnel Test for Acquisition of Transonic Nonlinear Aeroelastic Data

This paper presents a status report on the collaboration between the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden and the NASA Langley Research Center regarding the design, fabrication, modeling, and testing of a full-span lighter configuration in the Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT). The goal of the test is to acquire transonic limit-cycle- oscillation (LCO) data, including accelerations, strains, and unsteady pressures. Finite element models (FEMs) and aerodynamic models are presented and discussed along with results obtained to date.
The analysis of the wake behind a foamed and a finned cylinder

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has been carried out to investigate the wake region behind a foamed and a finned cylinder. The purpose of this analysis is to develop one- and two- point correlations and to investigate the flow characteristics for these two cases. The experiments are conducted for two Reynolds numbers (based on the mean air velocity and the cylinder diameter) 2000 and 8000. Two dimensional results of planar PIV reveal the important aspects of the local flow features of the circular finned and foamed cylinders. These include turbulent boundary layer development over the surface and a delayed separation of the flow resulting in a smaller wake size in each case. The application of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to the PIV velocity fields of the two cylinder types is also discussed. The POD computed for the measured velocity fields for both cases shows that the first two spatial modes contain most of the kinetic energy of the flow irrespective to the cylinder type. These two modes are also responsible for the large-scale coherence of the fluctuations. For finned and foamed cylinder types, the first four eigenmodes of the velocity field were measured and their organizations were investigated. These eigenmodes disclose the overall mean flow structure, and the large- scale structure being essentially connected to the most robust flow motion.
Current understandings of investment decision making practice in AMT

This study reports the findings of a survey investi gation into investment decision making practices, e specially in relation to investment in advanced manufacturing te chnologies (AMT), of Italian manufacturing compani es. The results from a large scale questionnaire survey indicate that non-financial/investment criteria ar e very important in justifying AMT, while little evidence emerg e of non-financial criteria for capital investment decision making in non-AMT. Expectations that investments in AMT firms use more sophisticated financial apprais al and risk analysis techniques than non-AMT firms were no t supported by the data. The method differs from pr ior studies because it test three hypotheses considerin g (fully integrated) CIM firms versus all other fir ms. Expectations that CIM firms use more investment appraisal sophistication than all others firms were supported by the data. In particular, the data and the interviews co nfirm that large firms use in percentage more CIM, the justification approaches for CIM tend to use more than all o ther investments, a combination of sophisticated fi nancial and risk analysis techniques and non-financial inve stm nt criteria, especially in relation to strategi c benefits such as improved flexibility, quality and capability.
Noise susceptibility analysis of the HF front-end electronics for the CMS high-energy experiment

This paper addresses the study of the immunity to common mode spurious signals and external fields of an electronic system used in high-energy physics detectors. This study uses numerical simulations based on a MTL model applied to shielded cables to analyze common mode and EM radiated interferences in the connection between photodetectors and sensitive amplifiers. This set-up corresponds to the Very Forward Hadron Calorimeter (HF) in CMS and it is composed by about 3000 photo-multipliers and read-out amplifiers located about 4 meters from the photodetectors. Shielded cables are used to connect the photomultiplier anode signals to the amplifiers. This study allows predicting grounding and shielding problems and estimating the effect of interference noise at early stages of the design.
Study on antihypertensive drug utilization in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Among many public health challenges in the world, hypertension has a very important role to play and even more so in India. In India, hypertension prevalence ranges between 12 and 17% in rural and 20 and 40% among urban adults. For cardiovascular disease and stroke, hypertension is an important risk factor and it alone is responsible for about 50% of cardiovascular disease worldwide. Effective hypertensive treatment yields substantial benefit on these conditions. In achieving this, rational drug prescribing and drug utilization (DU) studies are vital. DU studies and prescription monitoring help in identifying associated problem, yield valuable feedback to the clinician, and thus help in bringing an awareness of the irrational prescribing and thus encouraging rational prescription. Aim and Objective: This study was fabricated to see the DU pattern of antihypertensive drugs in our teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: Case records diagnosed with hypertension were collected; the demographic information and prescription pattern were evaluated. The data collected were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. Results: Of 93 cases studied, 47 patients were male and 46 were female. The age of the patients in the study ranged from 32 to 87 years. In the study, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and diuretics were the frontline antihypertensive agents. If the overall DU frequency was considered, then CCBs were the preferred drugs with 87.09% utilization followed by diuretics with 64.71%. The WHO indicators (defined daily doses [DDD], DDD/1000 inhabitant/day) were used. Conclusion: The DDD/1000 inhabitant/day of amlodipine was the highest (17.5). Mostly, generic medicines were prescribed, which are welcoming and frequent use of generic drugs has to be encouraged.
HIGH FREQUENCY PROPERTIES OF GaN BASED TRANSISTORS FOR MICROWAVE AND RF CONTROL APPLICATIONS

High frequency properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures field-effect transistors (HFET) used as control components for high-power microwave and RF control devices have been studied. A modified linear operation model was developed for these components so that electrical parameters may be determined as a function of frequency in better agreement with the experimental data. A model has been developed for the single shunt connected switch. From the model, it was established that the on-state low resistance and capacitance of the GaN switching HFET are frequency dependent. This phenomenon can have a dramatic impact on the control capabilities and design of microwave and RF control circuits using these devices. The modification of the two-terminal HFET model was implemented to compute the frequency dependence of the transistor impedance. Details of this modified GaN HFET switching model as well as simulation and measurement results are in this paper. 1. Introduction Recent advances in semiconductor technologies based on wide bandgap materials such as GaN promise to extend the power level of FET-based microwave circuits by at least a factor of five due to their higher breakdown voltages [1-2]. The study of one of these structures, the HFET, for microwave and RF power control purposes is especially important because of their use in small size, high-density front end applications or in multifunction systems. The low-power impedance frequency properties of field-effect transistors based on AlGaN/GaN heterostructure are studied. The first small-signal GaN HFET equivalent circuit studied [3-5] showed the impedance properties versus DC gate voltage control and transistor geometry, showing the relationship between gate length Lg and channel length Lch for Lg less than Lch. The second version of that model [5] described the impedance properties of transistors with shorter gate length compare with the channel length: Lg much less Lch. These earlier model versions, however, do not adequately reflect the high frequency properties of the transistors that have been experimentally observed under low-power and high-power condition. The modified equivalent circuit is introduced in the paper and shows reasonable agreement with experimental data.
Continuous assessment in a computer programming course supported by a software tool

This article presents a continuous assessment methodology for a computer programming course supported by an automatic assessment tool, applied to the practical programming exercises performed by the students. The interaction between the students and the assessment tool was studied through quantitative analyses. In particular, the solutions proposed by the students (computer programs) were analyzed using the verdicts given by the automatic assessment tool: correct solutions or incorrect solutions. In the case of incorrect solutions, the types of programming errors were studied. Additionally, interaction was also studied by analyzing the students’ success rate. This rate is the percentage of correct solutions among the total number of attempts (correct and incorrect). Moreover, the relationship between success rate and academic performance was analyzed. Furthermore, this research examines the students’ perceptions toward the assessment tool through interviews. The results of this study help understanding the benefits and perceptions of the students with respect to the use of an automatic assessment tool in a computer programming course.
CONSTRAINTS ON THE COSMIC-RAY DENSITY GRADIENT BEYOND THE SOLAR CIRCLE FROM FERMI γ-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE THIRD GALACTIC QUADRANT

We report an analysis of the interstellar γ-ray emission in the third Galactic quadrant measured by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. The window encompassing the Galactic plane from longitude 210° to 250° has kinematically well-defined segments of the Local and the Perseus arms, suitable to study the cosmic-ray (CR) densities across the outer Galaxy. We measure no large gradient with Galactocentric distance of the γ-ray emissivities per interstellar H atom over the regions sampled in this study. The gradient depends, however, on the optical depth correction applied to derive the H i column densities. No significant variations are found in the interstellar spectra in the outer Galaxy, indicating similar shapes of the CR spectrum up to the Perseus arm for particles with GeV to tens of GeV energies. The emissivity as a function of Galactocentric radius does not show a large enhancement in the spiral arms with respect to the interarm region. The measured emissivity gradient is flatter than expectations based on a CR propagation model using the radial distribution of supernova remnants and uniform diffusion properties. In this context, observations require a larger halo size and/or a flatter CR source distribution than usually assumed. The molecular mass calibrating ratio, XCO = N(H2)/WCO, is found to be (2.08 ± 0.11) × 1020 cm-2(K km s−1)−1 in the Local arm clouds and is not significantly sensitive to the choice of H i spin temperature. No significant variations are found for clouds in the interarm region.