Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maximum Output Torque Control in Improved Flux Path Homopolar Brushless DC Motor With Axillary Field by Using Optimal Control of Turn-ON and Turn-OFF Angles in Variable Speed Applications

This paper presents the principles of operation, electromagnetic behavior analysis, and a search technique based on the finite-element analysis in order to determine the optimum control parameters of an improved flux path Homopolar brushless dc motor (IFP-HBLDC). In the proposed IFP-HBLDC structure, a permanent magnet is replaced by a dc excited assisted field coil to control and regulate the flux. In this paper, for different values of speed, maximum torque is determined by calculating the optimal turn-on and turn-off angles and the optimal field current which provides more flexible control over wide ranges of speed. To such aim, the behavior of the commutation angles is analyzed first by a numerical technique using the 3-D electromagnetic field analysis, in which the analysis of the collected data has shown that the commutation angles providing the maximum electromagnetic torque. The technique was successfully used offline to determine the optimum firing angles for achieving the highest drive efficiency to maximize the electromagnetic torque in a prototype 1.5-kW three-phase IFP-HBLDC motor drive intended for variable speed application. The performance prediction and test results are found in good correlation.
STRUCTURAL EXPLORATION AND PHARMACOPHORIC INVESTIGATION OF PYRAZOLE BASED ANALOGS AS NOVEL HISTONE DEACETYLASE 1 INHIBITOR USING COMBINATORIAL STUDIES

Objective: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have four essential pharmacophores as cap group, connecting unit, a linker moiety and zinc binding group for their anticancer and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition activity. On the basis of this fact, the objective of this research was to evaluate the exact role of pyrazole nucleus as connecting unit and its role in the development of newer HDACi. Methods: Ligand and structure-based computer-aided drug design strategies such as pharmacophore and atom based 3D QSAR modelling, molecular docking and energetic based pharmacophore mapping have been frequently applied to design newer analogs in a precise manner. Herein, we have applied these combinatorial approaches to develop the structure-activity correlation among novel pyrazole-based derivatives. Results: the Pharmacophore-based 3D-QSAR model was developed employing Phase module and e-pharmacophore on compound 1. This 3D-QSAR model provides fruitful information regarding favourable and unfavourable substitution on pyrazole-based analogs for HDAC1 inhibition activity. Molecular docking studies indicated that all the pyrazole derivatives bind with HDAC1 proteins and showed critical hydrophobic interaction with 5ICN and 4BKX HDAC1 proteins. Conclusion : The outcome of the present research work clearly indicated that pyrazole nucleus added an essential hydrophobic feature in cap group and could be employed to design the ligand molecules more accurately.
Application Of Cluster Analysis InOptimization Processes Of SurfaceMeteorological And Air Quality Networks

This paper comprises the methodology used and the results obtained after application of cluster analysis to a surface air quality and meteorological automatic network database. The paper aims at defining, on the basis of exclusively meteorological parameters, the different dispersive standard situations previously identified by experimental studies on the area of Bilbao (Spain). Both methods prove complementary stages and follow one another in time. Thus, a step forward is taken towards the methodological definition required to tackle air quality problems in air polluted areas. This last stage has sensed as a complement and development of the first one and has also generated feedback for the nehvork optimization process implemented from 1983 to 1989 by means of comparison with the experimental studies. The conclusion is that the network has been correctly optimized and its configuration now allows proper description of circulation of air masses in the area .
The Effectiveness of Business Development Services Providers (BDS) in Improving Access to Debt Finance by Start-Up SMEs in South Africa

Start-up SMEs are very important to employment creation, poverty alleviation and sustainable economic development of South Africa. One of the challenges facing start-ups is non-availability of debt financing. The government of South Africa has put in place various intervention efforts to improve access to debt finance by start-up SMEs. This study investigates empirically the effectiveness of Business Development Services providers (BDSs) in improving access to finance by start-up SMEs. Data was collected through the use of self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. The results indicate that most start-up SMEs are not aware of the programme. The results furthermore indicate that start-up SMEs that are aware and use the programme have improved access to debt finance. The recommendations focused on improving the awareness of the programme by start-up SMEs.
Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian Methods

Aim of the present chapter is to provide an in-depth survey of arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) methods, including both conceptual aspects of the mixed kinematical description and numerical implementation details. Applications are discussed in °uid dynamics, nonlinear solid mechanics and coupled problems describing fluid-structure interaction. The need for an adequate mesh update strategy is underlined and various automatic mesh displacement prescription algorithms are reviewed. This includes mesh regularization methods essentially based on geometrical concepts, as well as mesh adaptation techniques aiming at optimizing the computational mesh according to some error indicator. Emphasis is then placed on particular issues related to the modeling of compressible and incompressible flow and nonlinear solid mechanics problems. This includes the treatment of convective terms in the conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy, as well as a discussion of stress update procedures for materials with history-dependent constitutive behaviour.
Information Processing in EventWeb through Detection and Analysis of Connections between Events

Information over the Web is rapidly becoming event-centric with the next age of WWW projected to be an EventWeb in which nodes are inter-connected through diverse types of links. These nodes represent events having informational and experiential information and analysis of these events has a substantial semantic impact regarding enhancement of information search, visualization and story link detection. Information regarding semantics of EventWeb connections is also important for event planning and web management tasks. In this paper, we devise and implement an event algebra for detection and analysis of event connections. As compared to traditional solutions, we process both context-match operators and analytical operators, cater for all event information attributes, and define the strength of connections. We implement a tool to evaluate our algebra over events occurring in the academic domain. We demonstrate an almost perfect precision and recall for context-match operators and high precision and recall for analytical operators.
ANALYSIS OF 4-HYDROXYCYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE IN CANCER PATIENTS PLASMA FOR THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

Objective : To quantify 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide in cancer patients’ plasma for therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclophosphamide. Methods : The blood was collected at 0.5 and 1 h after administration of chemotherapy. Prior to analysis, 4-OHCP in plasma was derivatized with semicarbazide HCl, then was extracted using 4 ml ethyl acetate and finally was determined by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Chromatographic separation was conducted using waters acquity BEH C18 column (1.7 μm; 50 mm x 2.1 mm). The mobile phase consisted of formic acid 0.1% and methanol (50: 50, v/v), column temperature 30 °C and flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. Mass detection was performed on waters xevo TQD equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source at positive ion mode in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Cyclophosphamide was detected at m/z 260.968>139.978, 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide-semicarbazide at m/z 338.011>224.97, and hexamethylphosphoramide as internal standard at m/z 180.17>92.08. Results : The method was linear in the range of 5–1000 ng/ml for cyclophosphamide and also for 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide. The results showed that the level of 4-OHCP in 39 cancer patients was in the range of 5.02 ng/ml to 832.44 ng/ml. Conclusion: 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide was detected on 39 patient samples with the lowest level of 5.40ng/ml and the highest level was 832.44 ng/ml. This can be a parameter that the regiment of cyclophosphamide was effective.
Enforcing Link Utilization with Traffic Engineering on SDN

One of the main problems with the increasing Internet traffic is low throughput caused by bottlenecks, creating critical periods of packet loss. A straightforward solution to this problem is increasing the link capacity, which leads to over provisioning. Unfortunately, it causes poor link utilization during ordinary usage. In some situations we can add more links, adding robustness by traffic balancing. We propose a traffic engineering solution using Software Defined Networks. Our goal is to enforce link utilization dividing the traffic over multiple links through a simple, easy to implement, low cost, efficient and scalable solution. The solution can be deployed on data centers or at the edge of an Autonomous System. Single link bottleneck is a problem that can be solved with over provisioning but wasting resources. We propose an alternative solution and performed our experiments on a commercial OpenFlow Switch. The solution met our goal of enforcing link utilization through traffic division. Using three links, we achieved in the worst case 37% more throughput, in the best case almost 57% more compared with a single link
NEW PLANAR AIR-BEARING MICROGRAVITY SIMULATOR FOR VERIFICATION OF SPACE ROBOTICS NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS AND CONTROL ALGORITHMS

Control of a free-floating satellite-manipulator system is a challenging task, because motions of the robotic arm influence position and orientation of its base. On Earth it is difficult to perform tests of such system, as it lacks a fixed-base. One possible solution to perform these tests is based on application of planar air-bearings which provide negligible friction and allow free planar motion of the satellite-manipulator system on the granite table. This paper presents new planar air-bearing microgravity simulator which has two distinctive features: separate air-bearings supporting each link of the manipulator and large area for the experiment. Experimental results are shown, in which end-effector is moving on a straight-line trajectory.
Designing Pricing Strategy for Operational and Technological Transformation

We examine how operational or technological transformation impacts consumer value, as well as the effectiveness of a firm’s pricing strategies. We develop a model of multidimensional screening featuring forward-looking consumers who make short-run consumption and long-run purchase decisions. Using a detailed panel of consumer data from a rental-by-mail firm, we estimate consumer utility for current consumption, obtaining heterogeneous preferences for bunching and smoothing consumption. Using counterfactual analysis, we evaluate the impact of improving service time. We find that the firm with improved service time might create more value for all consumers, but its profits and even revenues could diminish because value extraction becomes more difficult. We find a novel mechanism that causes this effect, which is driven by increased consumer heterogeneity in the valuation for each product and reduced differentiation across products. This result persists even when the firm can reoptimize its price levels based on the service time. We find that a change in the pricing strategy might be required for the firm to obtain higher revenue with improved service time. This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing.
NO 2 measurements in Hong Kong using LED based long path differential optical absorption spectroscopy

Abstract. In this study we present the first long term measurements of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using a LED based Long Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) instrument. This instrument is measuring continuously in Hong Kong since December 2009, first in a setup with a 550 m absorption path and then with a 3820 m path at about 30 m to 50 m above street level. The instrument is using a high power blue light LED with peak intensity at 450 nm coupled into the telescope using a Y-fibre bundle. The LP-DOAS instrument measures NO2 levels in the Kowloon Tong and Mongkok district of Hong Kong and we compare the measurement results to mixing ratios reported by monitoring stations operated by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department in that area. Hourly averages of coinciding measurements are in reasonable agreement (R = 0.74). Furthermore, we used the long-term data set to validate the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) NO2 data product. Monthly averaged LP-DOAS and OMI measurements correlate well (R = 0.84) when comparing the data for the OMI overpass time. We analyzed weekly patterns in both data sets and found that the LP-DOAS detects a clear weekly cycle with a reduction on weekends during rush hour peaks, whereas OMI is not able to observe this weekly cycle due to its fix overpass time (13:30–14:30 LT – local time).
Investigating the Suitability of Multi-dimensional Data Visualization as an Instrument for Assisting Distance Learning Instructors

This paper investigates the suitability of using Data Visualization, specifically Parallel Coordinates Plots (PCPs), as an instrument to help distance learning instructors identify students with poor performance. To answer this question, we developed a web application that lets users generate and interact with PCPs and evaluated it through usability tests inspired by the NOVIS framework — a usability framework specifically designed for evaluating data visualizations. The results show that PCPs and Data Visualization are perceived by distance learning instructors as a useful tool for following students' progress on Virtual Learning Environments.
A Literature Review of Mongolian Gazelle ( Procapra gutturosa ) Ecology from 1998 to Present

With respect to Mongolian gazelles a great deal of new knowledge has been gained over the past 10-12 years since the last species reviews were conducted. Advances in molecular techniques have helped to clarify the status of the genus Procapra and the relationship between the three extant species within and have highlighted the high genetic heterozygosity throughout the population. New morphological studies have focused on dimorphism between the sexes and the evolutionary development and role the enlarged larynx seen in males. Mongolian gazelles have long been the subject of intense debate with respect to their role as reservoirs for pathogens such as Foot and Mouth Disease virus, but with long term collection of serum from adults and calves it has been shown that gazelles are passive recipients of a virus harbored and spread by other means. Great strides have been made in the study of Mongolian gazelle forage ecology and their overlap in diet with domestic livestock as well as better understanding the physical adaptations needed for survival in a harsh environment with long periods of low quality forage availability by switching to browsing and grazing strategies. Using satellite tracking and remote sensing technology gazelle movement patterns are much better understood. Movements are more nomadic in nature and linked to tracking changes in quality habitat in time and space and less dictated by what was previously thought to be traditional migratory patterns. Mongolian gazelle have highly synchronized calving events which coincide with the start of the summer solstice and calf weights are correlated with the previous winter’s harshness. Calves demonstrate behavior associated with ‘hider’ species for the fi rst few weeks of life before they begin to aggregate in large herds and move to different grazing grounds. Advances in survey methodologies have led to a better assessment of the population status of Mongolian gazelles and the most recent published studies estimated there to be 1.126 million gazelles living within Mongolia’s border. Density varies widely and is negatively correlated with the presence of households. Future studies should focus on research that helps us better evaluate population dynamics, forage preference, behavioral interactions, and the role gazelles play in ecosystem function.
Scale-Free Dynamics of the Mouse Wakefulness and Sleep Electroencephalogram Quantified Using Wavelet-Leaders

Scale-free analysis of brain activity reveals a complexity of synchronous neuronal firing which is different from that assessed using classic rhythmic quantifications such as spectral analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG). In humans, scale-free activity of the EEG depends on the behavioral state and reflects cognitive processes. We aimed to verify if fractal patterns of the mouse EEG also show variations with behavioral states and topography, and to identify molecular determinants of brain scale-free activity using the ‘multifractal formalism’ (Wavelet-Leaders). We found that scale-free activity was more anti-persistent (i.e., more different between time scales) during wakefulness, less anti-persistent (i.e., less different between time scales) during non-rapid eye movement sleep, and generally intermediate during rapid eye movement sleep. The scale-invariance of the frontal/motor cerebral cortex was generally more anti-persistent than that of the posterior cortex, and scale-invariance during wakefulness was strongly modulated by time of day and the absence of the synaptic protein Neuroligin-1. Our results expose that the complexity of the scale-free pattern of organized neuronal firing depends on behavioral state in mice, and that patterns expressed during wakefulness are modulated by one synaptic component.
Field Evidence for Colony Size and Aseasonality of Breeding and in Ansell's Mole-Rat, Fukomys anselli (Rodentia: Bathyergidae)

Ansell's mole-rat, Fukomys anselli, is a cooperatively breeding bathyergid endemic to the Lusaka Province of Zambia. During a 12-month field study involving the capture of 33 colonies of mole-rats, the number of occupants, breeding females and sex ratio within colonies were recorded. While thirty of these social groups contained a single breeding queen, three were found to exhibit plural breeding among females, having two queens present simultaneously. Mean ± S.E. M. colony size was 8.7 ± 2.2 (range 6–16, n = 33). The occurrence of plural breeding and small group size is consistent with the predictions of the aridity food distribution hypothesis for social species inhabiting mesic habitats. The sex ratio of the population was skewed towards females at 1.2:1. The mean mass of adult males was 63.0 ± 18.3 g (range 36.7–110.3, n = 87) while that for adult females was 52.9 ± 11.8 g (range 35.1–77.8, n = 86). Pregnant and lactating females were found throughout the study period from February 2009 to February 2010, indicating an aseasonal pattern of breeding in this species. Autopsy of individuals (n = 288) from the 33 colonies revealed a total of 19 pregnant females. Nine of these were in the latter stages of pregnancy and mean litter size was determined as 2.7 pups (range 1–4). Collectively, these new data reveal that Fukomys anselli share many similarities in life history and reproductive traits with the phylogentically closely related giant Zambian mole-rat, Fukomys mechowii.
Measuring pulse times of arrival from broad-band pulsar observations

In recent years, instrumentation enabling pulsar observations with unprecedentedly high frac-tional bandwidth has been under development which can be used to substantially improve the precision of pulsar timing experiments. The traditional template-matching method used to calculate pulse times of arrival (ToAs) may not function effectively on these broad-band data due to a variety of effects such as diffractive scintillation in the interstellar medium, profile variation as a function of frequency, dispersion measure (DM) evolution, and so forth. In this paper, we describe the channelized discrete Fourier transform method that can greatly mitigate the influence of the aforementioned effects when measuring ToAs from broad-band timing data. The method is tested on simulated data, and its potential in improving timing precision is shown. We further apply the method to PSR J1909−3744 data collected at the Nancay Radio Telescope with the Nancay Ultimate Pulsar Processing Instrument. We demonstrate removal of systematics due to the scintillation effect as well as improvement on ToA measurement uncertainties. Our method also determines temporal variations in DM, which are consistent with multichannel timing approaches used earlier.
Loss of genetic diversity and increased genetic structuring in response to forest area reduction in a ground dwelling insect: a case study of the flightless carabid beetle Carabus problematicus (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

Old growth temperate broadleaved forests are characterised by a large proportion of forest specialists with low dispersal capability. Hence, species bound to this habitat are expected to be highly susceptible to the effects of decreasing patch size and increasing isolation. Here, we investigate the relative effect of both factors by genotyping individuals of a flightless and forest specialist beetle Carabus problematicus from 29 populations, sampled in 21 different forest fragments in Belgium, at eight microsatellite loci. A high degree of genetic differentiation among fragments was observed, with populations from smaller forests being considerably more differentiated and characterised by a lower genetic diversity compared to those of larger forests. A more detailed study on forest remnants of a former historic continuous woodland area revealed that population differentiation was high among, but not within remnants, irrespective of geographical distance. This suggests that patch fragmentation rather than geographical distance is the ultimate factor that hampers gene flow in this species. The results indicate that gene flow among suitable habitat patches is primarily reduced by the inability of this specialised species to traverse the landscape matrix. This lack of dispersal may pose a serious threat for the persistence of C. problematicus and ecologically similar species, and suggests that present populations can best be protected by securing or increasing the size of existing habitat patches.
Clinical Aspects and Scoring the Severity of Dyspnea: A Short Review

AUC: Area Under the Curve; BE: Base Excess in Blood Gas Sample; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CNS: Central Nervous System; Cys-C: Cystatin-C; DO2: Oxygen Delivery; DSS-4: Dyspnea Severity Score–4 dimensions; ED: Emergency Department; FEV1: Forced Exspiratory Volume During One Second; hs-CRP: High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein; hs-cTnT: HighSensitivity Cardiac Troponin T; MARKED: Multi Marker Emergency Dyspnea; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro–B-type Natriuretic Peptide; SpO2: Pulse Oxymetric Saturation; VO2: Oxygen Consumption. Introduction