Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Partnering with Competitors-An Empirical Analysis of Airline Alliances and Multimarket Competition

Competition has become an important theme in the operations management literature and, according to recent theoretical and empirical work, the key finding is that firms tend to overstock or overproduce under competition. Following this prediction, one would expect that, after airlines start a multifaceted collaboration by forming an alliance, their networks would be consolidated and capacity redundancies would be eliminated, as intensity of competition decreases among alliance partners. Surprisingly, we find exactly the opposite: in the post-alliance era, alliance partners seek to overlap their networks more and they increase capacities on the markets in which two partners are already present. At the same time, average prices in those markets increase by about $11 per one-way segment coupon. We explain these results using predictions based on the theory of multimarket competition: as firms seek out opportunities to establish multimarket contact to strengthen mutual forbearance, they have incentives to increase overlap even though this decision may not seem optimal or efficient locally or in the short term. We examine other plausible competing mechanisms built on theories of capacity and service competition and commonly cited benefits of airline alliances but ultimately we conclude that our findings are most likely driven by the multimarket competition. This paper therefore underscores the importance of going beyond simple bilateral competition models whose predictions may not hold when firms compete operationally in multiple markets, a phenomenon which is widespread in many operations-intensive industries.
Dietary fiber intake and depressive symptoms in Japanese employees : the Furukawa Nutrition and Health Study Short running head : Dietary fiber intake and depressive symptoms

a Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. b Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo. c Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. d Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan. e Department of Nutrition and Life Science, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Fukuyama University.
2 Antiestrogens and the Cell Cycle

Recognition of the involvement of estrogen in the growth of breast cancer stemmed from observations made a century ago, when it was shown that ovariectomy in cases of pre-menopausal breast cancer could lead to tumor regression (1). Subsequent research in experimental models of carcinogeninduced mammary cancer revealed that estrogen was essential for both the initiation and progression of the disease. These observations, together with the demonstration that some breast tumors had a specific binding protein for estrogen, the estrogen receptor (ER), and that ER status was correlated with response to endocrine therapy, provided the rationale for the introduction of the antiestrogen tamoxifen in the treatment of breast cancer (2). Tamoxifen is currently the
Process real-time big data with Twitter Storm An introduction to streaming big data

Hadoop, the clear king of big-data analytics, is focused on batch processing. This model is sufficient for many cases (such as indexing the web), but other use models exist in which realtime information from highly dynamic sources is required. Solving this problem resulted in the introduction of Storm from Nathan Marz (now with Twitter by way of BackType). Storm operates not on static data but on streaming data that is expected to be continuous. With Twitter users generating 140 million tweets per day, it's easy to see how this technology is useful.
Simulation of the Inclined Impinging Cooling in a Channel with Cross Flow

In this work, a numerical investigation has been conducted to analyze the turbulent flow and heat transfer of the inclined impinging jets in a channel with cross flow. The impinging jets were inclined towards the upstream side and the angle of inclination was changed from  30 to  90 . For this flow configuration, two cases were considered for the channel, one free ribs and the other with rib turbulators. The characteristics of air flow and heat transfer are analyzed under different parameters such as the angles of inclination, size of jets, number of jets, pitch between jets and jet and channel Reynolds numbers. A finite volume method is used to integrate the continuity, fully elliptic Reynolds average NavierStockes and energy equations. In turns, these equations are used to simulate the flow and thermal fields in the considered computational model. The effects of turbulence are treated using the standard k-ε model. The wall effects are modeled using the wall function laws. The computed results indicate that the recirculation regions are increased with the increase of inclination angle ( ). Also the results show that the variation of the local Nusselt number, turbulent kinetic energy are significantly effected with the increase of size and number of jets, the distance between jets and jet and channel Reynolds numbers. The validation of the present numerical scheme is accomplished through a comparison with available published results. صهخخسًنا : تييداصخنا ذفاًُهن ةساشحنا لاقخَاو يباشطضنا ٌايشضنا صئاصخ ميهحخن تيدذع تساسد صاضَا ىح مًعنا ازه يف جسسد ذقو يسيئشنا ٌايشضنا ىشضي ِاضحاب تييداصخنا ذفاًُنا ميًح . عطاقخي ٌايشص دوصوب يئاوه ىشضي يف ٌلايًنا اياوص ٍي ىيق دلار     90 30   ىشضًن ةذحاو ،ٍيخناح سابخخا تيناحنا تساسذنا جًُضح . شيرأح جحح ٌايشضنا صئاصخ ميهحح ىح . ضساوع دوصو عي يئاوه ىشضًن تيَازناو ضساوع ٌوذب يئاوه صذنوُيس دذعو ذفاًُنا ِزه ٍيب تفاسًناو تييداصخنا ذفاًُنا ىضحو دذع ،ٌلايًنا اياوص مزي تفهخخي مياوع فًُناو يسيئشناا ىشضًهن شيفاَ و تيساشًخسلأا ثلاداعي مياكخن دذحًنا ىضحنا بوهسا وذخخسأ . ييداصخنا ذ يباسحنا لاضًهن ةساشحنا لاقخَاو ٌايشضنا لاضي تصزًُن اهسوذب وذحخسح ثلاداعًنا ِزهو تقاطناو سكوخس سروًَ واذخخساب باشطضلأا ثاشيرأح جضنوع . سوسذًنا k-є واذخخساب جضنوع ساذضنا ثاشيرأح اًُيب ٌوَاق اضيأ . ٌلايًنا اياوص ةدايص عي داص ذقشيوذخنا ةداعا قطاُي ىضح ٌا تهصحخسًنا شئاخُنا جحضوأ . ساذضنا تناد دذعو ىضح شيغح عي تظوحهي ةسوصب شراح ذق باشطضلأن تيكشحنا تقاطناو ةساشحنا لاقخَا لذعي ٌأ شئاخُنا جُيب ع شيغح كنزكو ذفاًُنا ٍيب تفاسًناو تييداصخنا ذفاًُنا ىح . يسيئشنا ىشضًهنو تييداصخنا ذفاًُهن صذنوُيس دذ . ةسوشًُنا شئاخُنا عي تَساقًنا للاخ ٍي تيناحنا تقيشطنا تحص ٍي ذكأخنا
APPLIED ELT : RAISING LANGUAGE AWARENESS THROUGH HYBRID WRITING Walaipun Puengpipattrakul Language

Motivation to participate in learning programs among adult learners can be viewed in terms of motivational orientations. Understanding of motivational orientations in learning is crucial to all administrators, program planners and educators of higher education institutions for the development of adult learning. This study aims to investigate the differences of five motivational orientations in learning between adult learners in a public and a private university. The study involved 255 adult learners in the public university and 250 adult learners in the private university in Sabah. A 30-item questionnaire was used to collect data about their five motivational orientations in learning i.e. personal development, career advancement, social pressure, social and communication improvement, and escapism. Items in the questionnaire used to measure motivational orientations were adapted from Boshier’s EPS and Neill’s TUSMSQ2. Findings reveal that adult learners from both universities are most influenced to participate in learning programs by career advancement and personal development. However, adult learners in the public university possess higher motivation of personal development than career advancement; and vice versa for adult learners in the private university. Overall, it has been found that more adult learners in the private university are highly influenced by the five motivational orientations in learning as compared to those in the public university. Lastly, some implications and suggestions of further research are given in this paper.
Litsea Deccanensis Leaves Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1 N HCL Medium

The Litsea deccanensis leaves (LDL) extract acted as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel (MS) in 1N HCl medium. The various techniques handled were weight loss measurement, electrochemical studies, FTIR and surface analysis etc. The inhibition efficiency was increased as increasing the concentration of Litsea deccanensis extract. The electrochemical technique proved that the plant extract actedas a mixed type of inhibitor. The temperature studies stated that as the temperature increases the corrosion rate decreases and also obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The surface analysis proved that the protective film of adsorbed layer was formed on the metal surface and the composition of the surface was evaluated using EDX. Organic moieties present in the extract was examined by FTIR analysis.
How do " Big-Box " Entrants Influence Competition and Productivity in local food retailing ?

Background Products from the food sector fulfill our needs for basic survival and are purchased by almost everyone in the society. The major structural change in retail markets during the last few decades is in fact the entry of large (“bigbox”) stores, along with a drastic fall in the number of stores. The most striking example is the expansion of Wal-Mart, which has been found to greatly lower retail prices, and increase exit, of retail stores in the U.S., the “Wal-Mart effect”. For instance, the number of single-store retailers in the U.S. declined 55% from 1963 to 2002 (Basker 2007). Retail markets in Europe also follow the “big-box” trend, though on a smaller scale, with for example Carrefour, Metro, Schwartz, and Tesco. Foster et. al (2006) find evidence that the aggregate labor productivity growth in U.S. retail is mainly driven by reshuffling of resources from less to more productive stores as chains replace small stores with large ones. Although there is an emerging literature about retail markets, the impact of this structural change on productivity has not been given much attention. In Sweden there is a lack of knowledge regarding the competition effects caused by large entrants (Swedish Competition Authority, 2004:2).
Impact of Consumers’ Moral Self- Identity on Green Purchase Decisions of Fast Moving Consumable Goods (FMCG)

Much research has used general attitudes and behavioural models in terms of values, beliefs and norms as the predictors of green purchase intention. Green purchase intention refers to the willingness of a person to give preference to products having eco-friendly features in their purchase considerations. However, there is a dearth of studies that investigate this in relation to customers’ self-regulatory mindset. Hence, the present study aims to elucidate how customers’ moral selfidentity as a measure of regulatory perception guides individual decision making on green product purchase in Sri Lanka with special reference to green based Fast Moving Consumable Goods (FMCG). From extant literature, a conceptual model was formulated. It hypothesized that consumers’ moral self-identity is a positive predictor of their green purchase intention and in turn green purchase intention as a positive predictor of actual green purchase behaviour. A structured questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of 300 modern-trade retail customers. The data analysis comprised of linear regression analysis to test the hypotheses. The reliability of the measures was also tested. Customers’ moral selfidentity was found to be a significant positive predictor of green purchase intention for FMCG in Sri Lanka. Further, it was evident that green purchase intention is positively associated with actual green purchase behaviour. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for both academia and practitioners.
LONGITUDINAL PATTERNS OF DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS AMONG EMERGING ADULTS

LONGITUDINAL PATTERNS OF DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS AMONG EMERGING ADULTS By Sarah W. Clark, M.S. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Commonwealth University, 2019 Co-Director: Rosalie Corona, PhD. Department of Psychology Co-Director: Bruce Rybarczyk, PhD Department of Psychology Research has suggested that depression symptoms generally decrease after late adolescence; however, there is increasing attention paid to depression symptoms among college students given the stressors unique to this time period and negative outcomes associated with depression. This study examined latent trajectories of depression symptom severity among college students. Participants were 9,889 college students who participated in the Spit for Science project (Dick et al., 2011). Growth Mixture Modeling was used to identify the presence of four subgroups of individuals with similar patterns of initial level and change in depression severity over four years of college, including Low/Minimal (55.9%), Decreasing (2.8%), Increasing (11.6%), and Chronically Elevated (29.7%) groups. Risk factors of belonging to a depressed mood trajectory include female gender; lesbian, gay, or bisexual orientation; and experiencing a greater number of stressful life events. Higher social support
Innovation and Design Thinking

Business process modelling (BPM) is a way of dividing business processes into their basic components: functions and performed for the business. BPM shows, clearly and concisely, how a product or service changes as it moves through the organization process, usually in the near real time. Procedure models facilitate communication between stakeholders: Business analysts and process partners. BPM models provide shared understanding so that everyone can provide information to various process-related steps: Process Map, Process Detection, Process Imitation, Process Analysis and Process Development. It has come in the last few decades and has replaced the organisation's previous effective packages: Time and Movement (TMS) and Total Quality Management (TQM). Procedure models facilitate communication between stakeholders: Business analysts, process partners and developers
IMPACT OF GENDER WAGE DIFFERENTIALS ON POVERTY AND INEQUALITIES IN CAMEROON : A DISTRIBUTIONAL APPROACH

This study analyzes the distributional impact that gender wage differentials could have on poverty and income inequalities in Cameroon. It specifically focuses on public sector workers and those in the formal private sector. The study uses data of the Survey on Employment and the Informal Sector conducted in 2005. The results indicate that in the absence of gender wage differentials in the formal labour market, the hourly income of women would be, on average, superior by 2.7% to that of men. This thanks to the returns to education, which are higher to that of men, therefore allowing women to offset their gap in work experience. The impact of gender wage gap on poverty shows that the eradication of gender segregation in the formal sector would help to improve the living conditions of people living in households with at least one woman exercising in the formal sector. At the national level, it would also reduce the incidence of poverty whereas there will be an increase in income inequalities. The study recommends a greater awareness of political and social actors on the impact of gender wage gap on the well-being of people who are victims; the operationnalisation of the Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination against women and the implementation of a gender approach for recruitments in the Cameroon civil service.
MESOSCALE CLOUD SCHEME ASSESSMENT USING SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS

Mesoscale models offer an ideal framework where to perform detailed and explicit simulations of cloud and precipitation because these models are able to follow the evolution of several microphysical species in the context of real meteorological flows. The amount, top height, thickness and precipitation rate of the clouds result from complex interactions between threedimensional resolved motions and a stratified moist thermodynamical environment. The later can be highly perturbed locally by the water cycle through the unsteady storage and release of heat and water vapor. Once cloud formed however, it is the role of the microphysical scheme to parameterize the physical processes that lead to heat and water transfers between and within the vapor, liquid, and ice water phases. Thus a successful simulation of cloud systems in a mesoscale model outlines at first a geographically and timely accurate prediction of the vertical motions in the atmosphere and then a correct representation of the condensed phase amounts. This makes the objective evaluation of simulated cloud fields against observational datasets, here satellite pictures, so difficult because of the well-known intricate links between small-scale dynamics and the microphysical state of the clouds. The purpose of this work is to show that a model-tosatellite approach, in which satellite brightness temperature (BT) images are directly compared to synthetic BTs computed from predicted model fields (e.g., Morcrette, 1991), is fruitful to validate mesoscale simulations but owing to the fact that these are already of sufficiently good quality. Only a few cases that are well simulated by mesoscale models, are candidate for a direct assessment with satellite data because of the rather high accuracy required a priori to predict the cloud location. In a previous study, Chaboureau et al. (2000) experienced a model-to-satellite method to evaluate simulations of Fronts and Atlantic Storm-Track Experiment (FASTEX) Intensive Observing Period 17 (IOP17), performed with the Meso-NH mesocale model. Synthetic BTs corresponding to the METEOSAT infrared and water-vapor channels were computed by a narrowband radiative transfer code, that mimics the METEOSAT viewing angles and the filter functions. As a
Metapopulation Dynamics : Global Environmental Stochasticity

The study of environmental effects in metapopulations provides essential information for conservation ecology. Fragmented or patchy populations are more robust to surviving stochastic fluctuations that could otherwise cause extinction of the population. Migration between patches can save a patch from extinction and also allows for recolonization of a unoccupied patches. Individual-based, stochastic metapopulation models provide a theoretical framework for studying a wide range populations. The stochasticity included in these models introduces interesting questions regarding the extinction risk of a population, both empirically and theoretically We ask the question: how does environmental stochasticity on a global spatial scale affect a metapopulation? A stochastic, discrete-generation Ricker model is used to study the environmental fluctuations affecting a metapopulation, using numerical simulations. This model is extensively tested for different types of stochasticity, especially local environmental stochasticity. Examining the simulations for global environmental stochasticity we find that patch population sizes become correlated in size, as they all experience the same environmental conditions. Comparing the strength of the rescue effect for local and global fluctuations we find the rate of local extinction to be almost similar. Further analysis shows that the rescue effect is still present, although overshadowed by stochasticity when the patch population size is low. Continuing on this study one could investigate different probability distributions for including global environmental stochasticity in the birth rate. Also of interest is the analytical analysis for a metapopulation subjected to global environmental stochasticity, if possible.
An Analysis of a Self-Management Framework to Identify Factors Affecting the Need for Nutritional Supplementation among Seropositive African-American Mothers

Background: Self-medicating with nutritional supplements is one behavior that people living with HIV/AIDS disease engage in to help cope with their physical and mental challenges. The caregiving duties of mothers make them particularly vulnerable to these challenges. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze a self-management framework to identify factors affecting seropositive African-American mothers’ decisions to borrow money from family members or friends to help pay for nutritional supplements. Methods: A sample of 49 mothers enrolled in an agency providing HIV/AIDS support services in North Carolina, USA were recruited to voluntarily participate in this study by filling out a questionnaire pertaining to variables in the self-management framework and their need for nutritional supplementation. The proxy measure for this need was the question that asked mothers “During the past year, have you borrowed money from family members or friends to help pay for over-the-counter products, such as multivitamins, minerals, or nutritional drinks? ” Mothers also completed the Beck Depression Inventory II and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results: The parsimonious model derived from a stepwise logistic regression analysis identified factors within the self-management process of the self-management framework to affect mothers’ need for nutritional supplementation. Both receipt of mental health care and substanceabuse treatment services (B=2.63, p=.02) and being cognitively-affectively depressed (B=.18, p=.01) were found to increase the likelihood that mothers sought financial support from family members or friends to acquire nutritional supplements. Conclusion: It was concluded that HIV/AIDS service providers should be diligent in both the diagnosis and referral processes to ensure that clients receive the nutritional and mental health care and substance-abuse treatment services they need in order to proceed through the selfmanagement process with a favorable prognosis.
PRELIMINARY INTERPRETATION OF CENOZOIC STRATA IN THE TAMARA NO . 1-Y WELL , SANDOVAL COUNTY , NORTH-CENTRAL NEW MEXICO

The Tamara #1-Y well (API 30-043-20934) is a wildcat oil-test that was drilled in northwest of Rio Rancho, New Mexico (Sec. 3, T13N. R2E., Bernalillo NW quadrangle; UTM: N: 3,916,580 m, E: 344,615 m, Zone 13, NAD83) in 1995 by Davis Petroleum Co. The Tamara well was spudded into the Ceja Member (upper Arroyo Ojito Formation of Connell et al., 1999), near the northern edge of the Llano de Albuquerque, at an elevation of about 1865 m (6120 ft) above mean sea level. The well was drilled between December 1, 1995 and January 16, 1996. According to the scout ticket, the well stopped in the Triassic Chinle Group at a depth of 8723 ft (2659 m) below land surface (bls); however, this correlation was not confirmed in this study. Washed cuttings from this well are archived at the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources (NMBMMR Library #46,891), in Socorro, New Mexico. The well was cased to 329 m bls and cuttings were collected below 360 m bls; a number of intervals were not sampled, probably due to loss of circulation during drilling. Cuttings were visually evaluated using a sample preparation microscope on available intervals between 360 and 2015 m bls. Detrital modes of sand were determined on mediumgrained sand (400 points per sample) at eight sample intervals in the Cenozoic section (Appendix 1) and normalized to the modified Gazzi-Dickinson method (Table 1). Borehole geophysical logs, archived at the NMBMMR, are available below 2103 m (6900 ft) bls. Digital borehole geophysical logs of natural gamma ray and induction resistivity of the entire well were obtained from the Denver Earth Resources Library and the U.S. Geological Survey. The Tamara well was spudded into the Santa Fe Group near its local top on the Llano de Albuquerque, near La Ceja (Rincones de Zia of Galusha, 1966; and Tedford, 1981) and fully penetrated the Cenozoic section, thus providing an opportunity to document variations in thickness of the Santa Fe Group across intrabasinal faults of the northwestern Albuquerque Basin. This area has been mapped in detail (Fig. 1) and provides additional stratigraphic control for this well.