Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical screening and antioxidant evaluation by DPPH of Capparis cartilaginea Decne leaves

Capparis cartilaginea Decne (Capparaceae) leaves are used in traditional medicine of Yemen for treatment of various illness. Phytochemical data about this plant has been not found before this study. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the these leaves. Phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, sterols, amino acid and protein were found. The flavonoid and saponin content were 5.1% and 1.8% respectively. Thin layer chromatography of different extracts was performed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by dot-blot and DPPH staining. Methanol and water extract showed high antioxidant activity when compared with standard quercetin at similar concentrations. In methanol extract seven antioxidant constituents were found and three flavonoids including rutin were detected. These results validate the exploitation of the studied medicinal plant, for further isolation of chemical constituents and their application in medicine.
Evaluation of potential of Brassica juncea for removal of arsenic from hydroponic solution

A B S T R A C T In the present scenario, heavy metals are an increasing ecological threat which commonly results from human activities. Mining, manufacturing and the use of synthetic products (e.g., pesticides, paints, batteries, industrial waste and land application of industrial or domestic sludge) can result in heavy metal contamination of urban and agricultural soil and water environment. Heavy metal pollution is a worldwide proble m. Arsenic (As) is a potential environmental hazard. The present study discusses the heavy metal in particular As elimination by the phytoremediation technique. We have explored the potential of Brassica juncea for remediation of As. The young and healthy plants of B. juncea initially grown in liquid medium were transferred to Hoagland solution spiked with As -As (NO3)2 at various concentrations, viz. 0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 ppm separately. The As content in plant tissue was quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The result shows that most of As up to 26650 µg/g d ry weight was located in roots while 5462 µg/g dry weight was translocated to shoots when exposed to 50 ppm concentration of As. The phytoremediation of As using B. juncea plant in hydroponic solution shows that during the period of experiment (i.e. 21 days) the plant was found to have potential to remove 80-86% of As.
A Method of Energy-Optimal Trajectory Planning for Palletizing Robot

In this work, the energy-optimal trajectory planning and initial pick point searching problem for palletizing robot with high load capacity and high speed are studied, in which the pick point and place point of the robot are fixed to a desired location for each single task. These optimization problems have been transformed to ternary functional extremum problem and parameters optimal selection problem in which the performance index of the problems the rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model of the robot, and the constraint and boundary conditions of the robot are given. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, multiple shooting method, and traversing method are used to solve these specific mathematical problems. The effectiveness of the trajectory planning method is validated by the experimental and simulating results; thus the research work done here provides important support for subsequent palletizing robot research.
Radiolarians from the North Atlantic Ocean, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 94

Radiolarians occur at all Leg 94 sites in Quaternary and Pliocene sediments, and at Sites 608 and 610 in Miocene sediments. At Sites 607 and 609 there is an inverse relation between abundance of terrigenous components (in the siltsand range) and both the abundance and preservation of radiolarians, although this tendency has more exceptions at Site 607. Cluster analysis indicated a substantial change in the radiolarian assemblage at the level of Core 609-12 or -13, but no enduring change was detected in the samples of equivalent age at Site 607.
Extended warm gas in the ULIRG Mrk273: Galactic outflows and tidal debris

We present new HST/ACS medium- and narrow-band images and optical Isaac Newton Telescope long-slit spectra of the merging system Mrk273. The HST observations sample the [OIII] 4959,5007 emission from the galaxy and the nearby continuum. These data were taken as a part of a larger study of ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) with the aim of investigating the importance of the warm, AGN induced outflows in such objects. The HST images show that the morphologies of the extended continuum and the ionised gas emission from the galaxy are decoupled, extending almost perpendicular to each other. In particular, we detect for the first time a spectacular structure of ionised gas in the form of filaments and clumps that extend 23 kpc to the east of the nuclear region. The quiescent ionised gas kinematics at these locations suggests that these filaments are tidal debris left over from a secondary merger event that are illuminated by an AGN in the nuclear regions. The images also reveal a complex morphology in the nuclear region of the galaxy for both the continuum and the [OIII] emission. Consistent with this complexity, we find a wide diversity of emission line profiles in these regions. Kinematic disturbance in the form of broad (FWHM > 500 km s 1 ) and/or strongly shifted (j Vj > 150 km s 1 ) emission line components is found at almost all locations in the nuclear regions, but confined to a radius of 4 kpc to the east and west of the northern nucleus. In most cases, we are able to fit the profiles of all the emission lines of di erent ionisation with a kinematic model using two or three Gaussian components. From these fits, we derive diagnostic line ratios that are used to investigate the ionisation mechanisms at the di erent locations in the galaxy. We show that these line ratios are generally consistent with photoionisation by an AGN as the main ionisation mechanism. Finally, the highest surface brightness [OIII] emission is found in a compact region that is coincident with the so-called SE nuclear component. The compactness, kinematics, and emission line ratios of this component suggest that it is a separate nucleus with its own AGN. At this stage, further observations are required to confirm the dual (or multiple? ) AGN nature of Mrk273.
Diet , cell signalling , and intestinal tumourigenesis in multiple intestinal neoplasia mice

5 List of original publications 7 Abbreviations 8 Colon cancer and the APC gene 9 Diet and colon cancer 11 The Wnt pathway 14 The nuclear factor κB pathway 18 NF-κB function 18 NF-κB in cancer 20 The p53 pathway 24 p53 function 24 p53 in cancer 27 Interactions between β-catenin, NF-κB, and p53 pathways 28 β-catenin and NF-κB 28 β-catenin and p53 29 NF-κB and p53 30 The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway 30 Dietary effects on wnt-, NF-κB, and p53 pathways 33 The Min mouse 35 Aims of the study 37 Materials and methods 38 Animals 38 Diets 38 Tumour scoring and sample collection 39 Sample preparation 39 Western blotting 40 Immunohistochemical analysis 40 Statistical analysis 41 Results 42 Methods used and general observations 42 β-catenin, NF-κB, and p53 in wild type mice and in Min mice during tumour development and growth (study II/III) 43 Effects of diet on adenoma formation in Min mice (studies I-IV) 48 Effects of diet on β-catenin, NF-κB, and p53 levels in Min mice (studies I-IV) 50 Discussion 54 Timing of adenoma formation and cell signalling in wild type vs. Min mice 54 Diet affects adenoma formation and growth 56 Changes in cell signalling due to diet 59 Summary and conclusions 65 Acknowledgements 67 References 69 Original publications
The Incorporation of Glass-Ceramic Implants in Bone after Surface Conditioning Glow-Discharge Treatment

Glow discharge (GD)-treated and autoclaved glass-ceramics of bone-bonding and non-bonding type were implanted into the femoral diaphysis of rats for 3, 7, 14 and 28 days and were investigated by applying light microscopy and histomorphometry , and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. More bone and chondroid, and faster osteoid development were observed at glow-discharge treated implants even in nonbonding implants when compared to autoclaved controls. Ultrastructural investigations showed a higher leaching-rate of GD-treated bone-bonding implants during the early days after implantation leading to a higher rugosity, whereas no morphological changes were observed on non-bonding implant surfaces. More extracellular matrix (ECM) forming productive cells and less macrophages were observed on GD-sterilized implant surfaces. Osteoclast-like cells were detected exclusively at 3 and 7 days post-operatively on GD-sterilized bone-bonding implants. The higher amount of bone at GD-treated surfaces was thought to be due to a higher leaching rate leading to higher surface-rugosity and interface alkalinity. Thus, GD-treatment seems to be suitable for sterilization of surface-reactive implants to yield earlier functionality and to reduce possible degradative processes.
Separation of Management and Control in SMEs from Emerging Markets: The Role of Institutions

Demand by growing ownerrun SMEs for specialized management knowledge is resolved primarily through the separation of ownership and control, using top management labor market and agency contracts. Under certain environmental institutional conditions, owners of Russian SMEs face difficulties separating ownership and control. Using a dataset of 500 companies from fast growing industries in St. Petersburg and Moscow, this study analyzes how various perceived characteristics of the institutional environment influence the probability of separation of ownership and control. Executive summary is available at pp. 27.
Relationship between cladoceran (Crustacea) functional diversity and lake trophic gradients

Summary Functional diversity (FD) as a biodiversity measure has an explicit role in ecosystem functioning because the effects of environmental changes in ecosystems are determined by biological functions, such as feeding type and trophic position, of particular species. We evaluated the usability of functional characterization and FD of an aquatic keystone group (Crustacea: Cladocera) for enhancing the understanding of long-term lake functional responses to environmental changes. The aims were to separate ecologically significant functional groups, investigate succession of such functional groups during nutrient enrichment process and determine the relationship between FD and lake productivity using a palaeolimnological approach. We selected two eutrophicated study lakes from southern Finland for down-core investigations, one with a centennial (past c. 350 years) and the other with a decadal (past c. 70 years) nutrient enrichment record. Cladoceran microfossils in the sediment cores were used to determine the taxonomic structure of the past communities. Ecologically relevant functional characteristics were determined to separate functional groups by utilizing a functional dendrogram and a weighted community-based FD index together with a set of multidimensional FD indices. The indices were applied to the down-core assemblages. The functional dendrogram separated cladocerans into functional groups where habitat type principally separated open-water filterers and predators from epibenthic scrapers and detritivores. Further separation in the pelagic branch was based on body size and feeding and among the benthic branch body shape. Functional assemblages changed markedly during the nutrient enrichment process. In the early stage of eutrophication, the largest functional changes were caused by small planktonic filterers and predators. Small filterers and epibenthos responded strongest during the eutrophic–hypereutrophic succession. FD had a positive long-term relationship with lake trophic status until eutrophic conditions that was likely caused by diversifying resources and versatile food webs. Under hypereutrophic conditions, and especially at a decadal temporal resolution, alternating predation regimes caused variance to FD. In the current records, cladoceran FD was positively related to lake productivity and bottom-up controls during the early stages of eutrophication in the long-term record but top-down controls apparently were more important at a decadal scale and under hypereutrophic conditions.
Finite time Merton strategy under drawdown constraint: a viscosity approach

We consider the optimal consumption-investment problem under the drawdown constraint, i.e. the wealth process never falls below a fixed fraction of its running maximum. We assume that the risky asset is driven by the constant coefficients Black and Scholes model and we consider a general class of utility functions. On an infinite time horizon, Elie and Touzi [7] provided the value function as well as the optimal consumption and investment strategy in explicit form. In a more realistic setting, we consider here an agent optimizing its consumption-investment strategy on a finite time horizon. The value function interprets as the unique discontinuous viscosity solution of its corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. This leads to a numerical approximation of the value function and allows for a comparison with the explicit solution in infinite horizon.
Design and Production of Textile Mural: Combination of Computer Aided Programmes and Conventional Methods, An Alternative Innovative Approach

This novel textile mural production technique involves combination of digital printed fabric on flex sheet in conjunction with conventional applique and embroidery techniques. It was art-based studio research design that made use of exploration and experimental methods in the execution of four murals with different scenery. The works depict various activities within the Textiles section programme, Faculty of Art, College of Art and Built Environment, KNUST as a case study with the intent to promote and educate the populace. The activities were arranged into different scenery out of which four were selected for production. Step-by-step universal design methodology was carefully followed to ensure precision and easy reproduction of the murals. Flex sheet was used as substrate for the print out of the final works on which dyed, printed and woven fabrics were fixed to complete the sceneries. Wooden frames and transparent polyethylene rubber were used for the finishing of the works for them to be able to withstand harsh weather condition in order for them to be suitable for both out-door and in-door purposes. Background lighting system was installed within the frame to enhance their aesthetic appeal. This work was set to address the cumbersome, tedious, time consuming processes involve in conventional production of textile mural; cutting of pieces of textile materials and fixing them onto a substrate by applique and embroidery techniques. The importance of this alternative method is that it takes care of all the setbacks in the convention method as well as ensures precise and accurate reproduction of the work if need be. These were successful test projects that have set a new pace in design and production of textile mural. Combination of computer-aided design programmes like Adobe Photoshop CC and CorelDraw applications enable easy reproduction of textile murals in relatively shorter time with much precision and good finishing. Textile artists and interested researchers can now explore this new area of research for national development. Keywords: textile, mural, Adobe Photoshop CC, CorelDraw, flex sheet, applique, embroidery
A Novel Underwater Image Restoration Algorithm

This paper proposes a novel image restoration algorithm to eliminate light attenuation in underwater environments. The proposed algorithm employs the distance-dependent formation to model the degradation process where light travels in underwater. We use a homomorphic filter to get rid of the non-linear in the distance-dependent model. The restoration underwater image is then obtained by solving a Poisson equation that is derived based on the similar distance of neighbourhood pixels. The experiments show that the restoration image reveals improved contrast and clear details.
Two-by-Two Contingency Table as a Goodness-of-Fit Test

This publication presents a two-by-two contingency table as a goodness-of-fit test. The test is devoted to the exponential distribution. However, samples subjected to the test come from the Generalized Gamma Distribution. The aim is to determine the power of the test and to compare the obtained results to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test.
A Novel Approach to Density Near-Zero Acoustic Metamaterials

The study demonstrates the possibility of achieving near-zero propagation of sound waves in acoustic metamaterials based on a membrane-based metamaterial unit cell which exhibits effective mass density of Lorentzian type. The unit cell, which represents the acoustic counterpart of the split ring resonator, was previously used as a building block of left-handed metamaterials, as it exhibits negative density at certain frequencies. In this study we show that its application can be extended to achieving propagation of sound waves at a frequency where its effective density equals zero. This effect can be exploited in a range of applications where extremely low phase variation over long physical distances is required, such as energy tunneling or tailoring the acoustic radiation phase pattern in arbitrary ways. After discussing the dependence of the frequency response of the unit cell on the properties of the host, we show that it can be used to design near-zero acoustic filters with low insertion loss and steep roll-off. Finally, we show that it can be used to achieve simultaneous near-zero propagation at multiple, independently chosen frequencies.
Wavenumber-resolved turbulence investigations in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak and comparison to numerical simulations

tokamak and comparison to numerical simulations T. Happel,1 A. Banon Navarro,1 G. D. Conway,1 C. Angioni,1 M. Bernert,1 M. Dunne,2 E. Fable,1 B. Geiger,1 T. Gorler,1 F. Jenko,1 R. M. McDermott,1 F. Ryter,1 U. Stroth,1 and the ASDEX Upgrade Team1 1Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany 2Department of Physics, University College Cork, Association EURATOM-DCU, Cork, Ireland Introduction It has been known for several decades that turbulence can lead to energy and particle losses in magnetically confined fusion plasmas. Turbulence can exist in a large interval of characteristic scales (k⊥ρs = 0.1 – 50, where k⊥ is the perpendicular wavenumber of turbulence and ρs is the ion gyroradius at electron temperature), which not only causes a loss in confinement, but also has detrimental effects on the way heat loads are deposited on the first wall. Understanding of these turbulence processes is thus not only an academic challenge, but is also important for developing the first wall and the prediction of global plasma behaviour such as confinement, density peaking and intrinsic rotation [1, 2]. In the last 10 years Doppler reflectometry [3, 4] (DR) has evolved into a powerful diagnostic technique using microwave backscattering to measure perpendicular velocities and electron density turbulence levels in magnetic confinement fusion plasmas. The advantages of the scaledependence of scattering diagnostics and the radial resolution of conventional reflectometry are combined. The Doppler shift of the spectrum of the backscattered wave provides the perpendicular velocity u⊥, the intensity of the Doppler shifted component is proportional to the density fluctuation level n2. DR is scale-selective at a chosen k⊥, such that wavenumber spectra and radial turbulence level profiles at different turbulence scales can be obtained by varying k⊥. Ultimately, a comparison with predictions from numerical turbulence simulations can be used to specifically destabilize a certain instability experimentally. Comparison with experiment provides a benchmark and can help to improve predictive capabilities of numerical simulations in view of future devices such as ITER or DEMO. In this work, a comparison between experiment and numerical simulation is shown. Non-linear GENE [5] simulations have been performed and compared to experimental heat fluxes and turbulence levels.
CSR COMPARISON BETWEEN FAMILY BUSINESSES AND NON-FAMILY BUSINESS

This paper is designed to explore whether family businesses outperform nonfamily businesses regarding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) performance. Upon comparing the CSR performances of 64 top family businesses in the US with CSR performances of the top nonfamily businesses in the US; the results have showed that nonfamily businesses outperform family businesses on CSR. Analysis of four out of five categories of CSR performance resulted in favor of nonfamily businesses and no statistical difference was found in one category. Hence, results show that family businesses are reluctant to corporate social responsibility concern. The result of this study may suggest that family businesses are self-interested; however, some research literature may advise otherwise. Strong agency problems and having family influence in the top management team composition may be shown as the main reason behind this phenomenon. Also results show that among the family businesses, increased family member presence in the top management has a positive effect on CSR performance. For further analysis and future studies, recommendations are made in the conclusion section.
Finding author similarity by clustering probabilistic LSA factors in INDIAN english authors poetry

High dimensionality and sparseness is the big challenge to the data scientists to discover the similarity among the documents. In unsupervised learning data is unlabeled and there is no clear distance measures to discover the clusters among the data. In this paper we considered Indian English Authors poems to cluster them using Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis, using which we analyzed the authors similarity. We compared the results of clustering with Latent Semantic Analysis method, a word occurrence method. In this case, Results are shown that probabilistic methods are performing good clustering than the word occurrence method.
LOCALIZED HADLEY CIRCULATION AND ITS LINKAGE TO PACIFIC SSTA

The 1979-2001 ERA-40 monthly mean meridional winds are used to calculate the mass streamfunctions in the monsoon region (60-140° E) and Nio zone (160° E-120° W),with which the climate characteristics and intensity variation of the localized Hadley circulation (LHC) are analyzed over the two regions and the linkage of this LHC to Pacific SST is explored.Evidence suggests as follows.1) The climatological LHC is stronger in the monsoon than in the Nio zone,with its position in the former northward of the latter,especially in the summer half-year.The resulting difference is due mainly to the land-sea heterogeneous distribution and the existence of a cold pool in the equatorial eastern Pacific.2) The LHC experiences a distinct interannual variability in intensity and during 1979-2001 the LHC strength of the two regions changes broadly in an anti-phase manner.3) The LHC has its intensity associated closely with Pacific SST in such a way that its strength anomaly in the monsoon (Nio) band in January is correlated negatively (positively) with the SSTA over the all-Nio (1-4) zone (ANZ) in the equatorial middle and eastern Pacific but positively (negatively) correlated to SSTA in the C-shaped area that surrounds the ANZ.The pattern of July is in rough agreement with that of January,except for more feeble correlativity in July,especially over the monsoon region;4) The ENSO episode has different impacts on the LHC vigor in the two regions.With the occurrence of an El Nio,the LHC is weakened (strengthened) in the monsoon (Nio) region,and the reversal takes place during the La Nia year,with greater anomaly in the Nio area.