Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adequacy of enteral nutritional support in intensive care units does not affect the short- and long-term prognosis of mechanically ventilated patients: a pilot study

Objective To correlate short-term (duration of mechanical ventilation and length of intensive care unit stay) and long-term (functional capacity) clinical outcomes of patients who reached nutritional adequacy ≥ 70% of predicted in the first 72 hours of hospitalization in the intensive care unit. Methods This was a prospective observational pilot study conducted in an 18-bed intensive care unit. A total of 100 mechanically ventilated patients receiving exclusive enteral nutritional support and receiving intensive care for more than 72 hours were included. Patients who never received enteral nutrition, those with spinal cord trauma, pregnant women, organ donors and cases of family refusal were excluded. The variables studied were nutritional adequacy ≥ 70% of predicted in the first 72 hours of hospitalization, length of intensive care unit stay, duration of mechanical ventilation and the ability to perform activities of daily living after 12 months, assessed via telephone contact using the Lawton Activities of Daily Living Scale. Results The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 18 ± 9 days, and the mean intensive care unit length of stay was 19 ± 8 days. Only 45% of the patients received more than 70% of the target nutrition in 72 hours. There was no association between nutritional adequacy and short-term (duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit and mortality) or long-term (functional capacity and mortality) clinical outcomes. Conclusion Critically ill patients receiving caloric intake ≥ 70% in the first 72 hours of hospitalization did not present better outcomes in the short term or after 1 year.
Novel Color Normalization Method for Hematoxylin & Eosin Stained Histopathology Images

With the advent of computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD), the accuracy of cancer detection from histopathology images is significantly increased. However, color variation in the CAD system is inevitable due to the variability of stain concentration and manual tissue sectioning. The small variation in color may lead to the misclassification of cancer cells. Therefore, color normalization is a very much essential step prior to segmentation and classification in order to reduce the inter-variability of background color among a set of source images. In this paper, a novel color normalization method is proposed for Hematoxylin and Eosin stained histopathology images. Conventional Reinhard algorithm is modified in our proposed method by incorporating fuzzy logic. Moreover, mathematically, it is proved that our proposed method satisfies all three hypotheses of color normalization. Furthermore, several quality metrics are estimated locally for evaluating the performance of various color normalization methods. The experimental result reveals that our proposed method has outperformed all other benchmark methods.
Preparation, Optimization and in vitro Evaluation of Glipizide Nanoparticles Integrated with Eudragit RS-100

Background: Solubility is an important criterion for drug efficacy, independent of the route of administration. It also poses a major challenge for pharmaceutical indus-tries, which are developing new pharmaceutical products, since 40% of the active sub-stances being identified are either insoluble or poorly soluble in aqueous media. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop nanoformulation of glipizide drug-loaded nanoparticles providing controlled release formulation. Method: Nanoparticles were prepared by the solvent evaporation method. Eudragit RS100, a nonbiodegradable polymer with varying ratios was used for making the formula-tion. The effect of key formulation variables on the particle size and entrapment efficien-cy and drug loading of nanoparticles were studied by using factorial design. Results: DSC thermograms indicate that glipizide was dispersed in an amorphous state in the polymer. TEM study indicates that the nanoparticles were in spherical shape. The mean diameter was dependent on the presence of the amount of Eudragit RS100 and vis-cosity of the organic phase. The in vitro study showed that the cumulative drug release was from 69.52-81.44% in 10 hrs at pH 6.8 in phosphate buffer respectively. Conclusion: The developed NPs could reduce dose frequency, decrease side effects, and improve patient compliance. Using factorial design, maximum entrapment efficiency with minimum particle size could be achieved with a few experiments.
Concerns about treatment for infertility in a probability-based sample of US women

ABSTRACT Objective: Many women experience infertility as distressing, but only about half of US women seek medical services. It is unknown whether concerns about fertility treatment are related to receiving fertility treatment or to distress levels. Methods: Using the nationally representative National Survey of Fertility Barriers, we constructed a nine-item scale measuring fertility treatment concerns. The analytical sample for this study included 1218 women who said that they were trying to become pregnant and who were asked questions regarding treatment concerns. We conducted multiple regression analysis to discover factors associated with treatment concerns and whether treatment concerns were associated with depressive symptoms and fertility-specific distress. We used logistic regression to determine whether treatment concerns were associated with receiving fertility tests. Results: Desiring a(nother) child, infertility stigma, higher family income, higher economic hardship and claiming a Hispanic identity were associated with higher levels of treatment concerns than those in the comparison groups. Having friends and family with children and having private health insurance were associated with lower levels of concern. Treatment concerns were not associated with receiving fertility tests. Higher levels of treatment concern were associated with higher levels of fertility-specific distress and depressive symptoms. Higher infertility stigma was related both directly and indirectly to higher levels of fertility-specific distress and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: For US women, fertility treatment concerns are not associated with whether women pursue fertility testing, but they are associated with higher levels of fertility-specific and general distress.
Position & Attitude Control of an Aerial Robot (Quadrotor) With Intelligent PID and State feedback LQR Controller: A Comparative Approach

The Quadcopter Helicopters due to their unmatchable stability in Unmanned Aerial vehicle (UAV) class have gained control engineering community attraction during the last decade. It is an under actuated system with four inputs and six output states. Quadrotors are famous in route control and they can also be used as a testbed for testing, authentication and validation of control engineering laws in simulation and in a real-time environment. Testing, Authentication and Validation of a novel and proposed control algorithm is a pre requisite in Simulation on a plant with use of mathematical engineering tool i.e. LabVIEW or MATLAB. The Model of a plant can be chosen with reference to the proposed algorithm, so it can be linear or nonlinear. This proposed research work is a contribution in field of Intelligent flight controller Implementation and their comparison on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) family. This research work presents the implementation of Intelligent flight PID, LQR and State feedback controllers on nonlinear model of X3D Quadrotor. The implemented controllers have been tested, authenticated, validated and also compared in simulation using NI LabVIEW. The Control algorithms are implemented in a closed loop background to control the position & attitude of trajectory following Quadrotor Helicopter. To make the PID, LQR and state feedback control more challengeable, the model uncertainty and sensor noise has also been added to the plant. Although all the implemented controllers gives satisfactory feedback in stabilizing the quadrotor, but the comparison shows that the LQR controller because of its best performance, effectiveness and robustness in the plant, seems to be the best comparative implemented controller among them.
Implementation of Energy-Neutral Operation on Vibration Energy Harvesting WSN

This paper presents a method for realizing energy neutral operation on energy harvesting wireless sensor nodes (WSN) and its implementation, regarding that the available environmental energy is unpredictable and changes over time. The method utilizes adaptive duty cycling which provides energy-neutral operation according to the energy available in the environment and the instantaneous energy state of the node through an energy management circuit. The proposed method is implemented using a MicaZ mote as the WSN and two different vibration-based harvesters: piezoelectric and electromagnetic. The node incorporating a piezoelectric harvester, operates for only 130.5 s with a fixed duty-cycle of 0.21%, and requires an inactive time of 93.5 s for charging. On the other hand, with the proposed strategy, the node achieves energy-neutral operation by self-adjusting to 0.17% duty-cycle. Energy-neutral operation is also demonstrated by incorporating an electromagnetic energy harvester attached to the wrist of a runner: When no energy is available for harvesting, the proposed strategy shows about 64% increment in lifetime before going to sleep mode. These demonstrate that the proposed energy management policy proves to achieve energy-neutral operation in an efficient way.
Electrical Characteristic of AlGaN/GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors With Recess Gate Structure

AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) with nonrecess and recess gates are simulated by solving a set of drift–diffusion equations for electrostatic potential and electron–hole concentrations with self-heating model. The approach is first calibrated for both HEMT devices with experimentally measured data, to provide the best accuracy of the simulation. Recess gate device suffers from high potential to the channel, increased parasitic resistances, and deep level traps in barrier due to surface roughness. In addition, selective thinning of the barrier and increase parasitic resistance results in 17% reduction on the carrier concentration. The carrier mobility degradation due to surface roughness and electron velocity lessen due to high electric field result shrinkage of current density with considerable shift of the threshold voltage toward positive value. Even though transconductance does not seems to be remarkably changed for 3-nm recess gate, its value increases on deeper recess. This paper reveals that surface roughness is crucial issue that has dominant role behind the low current density in the recess gate structure. The detail physical understanding of the recess technology will be helpful to minimize the performance deterioration of the explored devices.
Prospection: Interpretable plans from language by predicting the future

High-level human instructions often correspond to behaviors with multiple implicit steps. In order for robots to be useful in the real world, they must be able to to reason over both motions and intermediate goals implied by human instructions. In this work, we propose a framework for learning representations that convert from a natural-language command to a sequence of intermediate goals for execution on a robot. A key feature of this framework is prospection, training an agent not just to correctly execute the prescribed command, but to predict a horizon of consequences of an action before taking it. We demonstrate the fidelity of plans generated by our framework when interpreting real, crowd-sourced natural language commands for a robot in simulated scenes.
TBar: revisiting template-based automated program repair

We revisit the performance of template-based APR to build comprehensive knowledge about the effectiveness of fix patterns, and to highlight the importance of complementary steps such as fault localization or donor code retrieval. To that end, we first investigate the literature to collect, summarize and label recurrently-used fix patterns. Based on the investigation, we build TBar, a straightforward APR tool that systematically attempts to apply these fix patterns to program bugs. We thoroughly evaluate TBar on the Defects4J benchmark. In particular, we assess the actual qualitative and quantitative diversity of fix patterns, as well as their effectiveness in yielding plausible or correct patches. Eventually, we find that, assuming a perfect fault localization, TBar correctly/plausibly fixes 74/101 bugs. Replicating a standard and practical pipeline of APR assessment, we demonstrate that TBar correctly fixes 43 bugs from Defects4J, an unprecedented performance in the literature (including all approaches, i.e., template-based, stochastic mutation-based or synthesis-based APR).
Estimate of reduced glomerular filtration rate by triglyceride-glucose index: insights from a general Chinese population

ABSTRACT Objectives: Recent studies have identified triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a surrogate of insulin resistance. Since insulin resistance correlates with renal damage, our study aims to investigate the impact of TyG on the risk of reduced eGFR and explore its value to improve the risk stratification and prevention of reduced eGFR. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 6466 participants (mean age:59.57 years, 60.2% females) from rural areas of northeast China between September 2017 to May 2018. TyG was calculated as ln[fasting triglyceride (mg/dL)×fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Reduced eGFR was defined as eGFR<60ml/min per 1.73m2. Results: The prevalence of reduced eGFR was 2.94%. After full adjustment, each SD increase of TyG caused 42.6% additional risk for reduced eGFR. When dividing TyG into quartiles, the top quartile had a 1.934 times risk than the bottom quartile. Furthermore, the risk of reduced eGFR increased linearly with the increment of TyG. Subgroup analysis also revealed the association was robust to several risk factors of renal damage. Finally, category-free net reclassification index (0.204, 95% CI: 0.060–0.349, p = 0.005) and integrated discrimination index (0.010, 95% CI: 0.005–0.016, p < 0.001) demonstrated the value of TyG to refine the risk stratification of reduced eGFR. Conclusion: Our work reveals the robust association between TyG and reduced eGFR. Moreover, the present study implicates the potential role of TyG as a risk indicator to optimize the prevention of reduced eGFR. Lastly, the findings also suggest the importance of simultaneous glycemic and lipid control to avoid the development and progression of reduced eGFR.
Modelling Sequential Music Track Skips using a Multi-RNN Approach

Modelling sequential music skips provides streaming companies the ability to better understand the needs of the user base, resulting in a better user experience by reducing the need to manually skip certain music tracks. This paper describes the solution of the University of Copenhagen DIKU-IR team in the 'Spotify Sequential Skip Prediction Challenge', where the task was to predict the skip behaviour of the second half in a music listening session conditioned on the first half. We model this task using a Multi-RNN approach consisting of two distinct stacked recurrent neural networks, where one network focuses on encoding the first half of the session and the other network focuses on utilizing the encoding to make sequential skip predictions. The encoder network is initialized by a learned session-wide music encoding, and both of them utilize a learned track embedding. Our final model consists of a majority voted ensemble of individually trained models, and ranked 2nd out of 45 participating teams in the competition with a mean average accuracy of 0.641 and an accuracy on the first skip prediction of 0.807. Our code is released at this https URL.
Design and Manufacturing of Ku Band Coupler

This paper reports a novel approach for a microstrip based parallel line coupler designed at centre frequency of 16 GHz. The design is based on analytical computations and is simulated in Serenade Harmonica and validated experimentally. For experimental validation, a prototype was fabricated and tested using network analyzer. An issue of less spacing between parallel lines was identified and solved in a distinguished way i.e., by optimizing the shape ratios for the best response. Fabrication was done on GML substrate with thickness of 30 mils (0.762 mm) having relative permittivity of 3.2. Response of manufactured device was recorded over a 1.6 GHz bandwidth (10% of centre frequency) for its implementation at narrowband reception channel with required coupling of -11.5 dB. Experimental results of manufactured device were found in good agreement with simulation results in terms of coupling factor and S-Parameters. Device technology developed is found precise, simple and cheap, and is suitable for mass production.
Image‐based modeling of blood flow in cerebral aneurysms treated with intrasaccular flow diverting devices

Modeling the flow dynamics in cerebral aneurysms after the implantation of intrasaccular devices is important for understanding the relationship between flow conditions created immediately posttreatment and the subsequent outcomes. This information, ideally available a priori based on computational modeling prior to implantation, is valuable to identify which aneurysms will occlude immediately and which aneurysms will likely remain patent and would benefit from a different procedure or device.
A Compact Wideband Slot-Loop Directional Antenna for Marine Communication Applications

A compact wideband high gain directional antenna is proposed in this paper for marine communications. The antenna consists of a back plane (reflector), a slot-loop antenna (driven element), and a director of rod. Based on the current distribution, the slot-loop antenna is equivalent to an array of three linear current dipoles. The dipole acts as an element of the director, which provides a high efficient director for slot-loop antenna according to theoretical analysis. Both the impedance bandwidth and the 1 dB gain bandwidth are 45% covering 1.7–2.7 GHz in this design. A gain of 11.2 to 12.2 dBi is obtained in the working band with only one set of directors. The directors have a dimension less than the antenna aperture in the H-plane, which can be seen as one director in the end-fire direction. Compared with the classic Yagi antenna with the same gain level, the newly proposed antenna is only half of the size in radiation direction, which is a breakthrough for the Yagi antenna design. This size reduction can significantly minimize the interference between ship-borne antennas. The antenna is fabricated using only metal of low cost, which is useful for the ship-to-shore/ship communicating applications and desirable for the large-scale deployment.
LMI Properties and Applications in Systems, Stability, and Control Theory

The purpose of this document is to collect and organize properties, tricks, and applications related to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) from a number of references together in a single document. Proofs of the properties presented in this document are not included when they can be found in the cited references in the interest of brevity. Illustrative examples are included whenever necessary to fully explain a certain property. Multiple equivalent forms of LMIs are often presented to give the reader a choice of which form may be best suited for a particular problem at hand. The equivalency of some of the LMIs in this document may be straightforward to more experienced readers, but the authors believe that some readers may benefit from the presentation of multiple equivalent LMIs.
A Low Noise Fault Tolerant Radiation Hardened 2.56 Gbps Clock-Data Recovery Circuit with High Speed Feed Forward Correction in 65 nm CMOS

A fault tolerant, radiation hardened Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) architecture is presented for high-energy physics and space applications. The CDR employs a novel soft-error tolerant Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) and includes a high-speed feed-forward path to stabilize the CDR to compensate for an additional pole in the VCO to harden it against ionizing particles. The CDR has a data rate of 2.56 Gbps and uses In-Phase/Quadrature (IQ) clocks in combination with a frequency detector (FD) to increase the pull-in range. The circuit was designed in a 65 nm CMOS technology and has a core power consumption of only 34 mW.
Curved Trapezoidal Magnetic Flux Concentrator Design for Current Measurement of Multi-Core Power Cable With Magnetic Sensing

Operating current of a multi-core power cable can be monitored by sensing the magnetic fields around the cable surface. Magnetic flux concentrators (MFCs) are typically installed to collect the magnetic flux lines and amplify the magnetic field signals for magnetic sensors that are sandwiched by pairs of MFCs. However, installing a series of conventional planar MFCs around the circular cable surface would form a polygonal structure, adversely aggregating the magnetic flux lines at the corners of the polygon. In this paper, a curved MFC structure was developed to overcome the problem. First, a simple curved structure (i.e., curved strip-shaped MFCs) was derived to accommodate magnetic sensors around the cable surface. Then, it was modified into the trapezoidal shape for further improving the amplification ratio after studying the influence of MFC thickness, aspect ratio, and end-to-end ratio. The saturation effect and frequency response of MFCs were also studied. The effectiveness of the curved trapezoidal MFCs compared to the strip-shaped ones was validated experimentally, in which the average amplification ratio of the trapezoidal MFCs (5.12) was substantially larger than that of the strip-shaped MFCs (1.46). The curved trapezoidal MFCs not only eliminate the magnetic field aggregation at the polygon corners but also fit compactly the round geometry of the cable compactly. More importantly, enhancing the magnetic field signals for the magnetic sensors can potentially improve the system ability to sense the weak magnetic field variations from slight current changes. The high-order harmonics can also be potentially restored because the curved trapezoidal MFCs have a good frequency response.
A Signal-Level Maximum Likelihood Detection Based on Partial Candidates for MIMO FBMC-QAM System With Two Prototype Filters

In this paper, we consider a signal-level maximum likelihood detection for multiple-input multiple-output filter-bank multicarrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (MIMO FBMC-QAM) system with two prototype filters. Under high-frequency selective channels, the conventional symbol-level maximum likelihood detection suffers from degraded bit error rate performances because it cannot utilize the oversampling characteristics of the signal-level. However, due to intrinsic interference and high computational complexity, a maximum likelihood detection cannot be applied directly to the signal-level. To solve this problem, we propose a signal-level maximum likelihood detection based on partial candidates. Utilizing the diagonal dominant characteristics of effective channels, the proposed signal-level maximum likelihood detection can reduce the effect of intrinsic interference with practical computational complexity. Moreover, a region ordering algorithm based on Euclidean distance can improve the efficiency of the proposed signal-level maximum likelihood detection. Simulation results show that the proposed signal-level maximum likelihood detection can outperform the bit error rate performance of the conventional symbol-level maximum likelihood detection.