Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review: Skin Color Segmentation

: Skin color segmentationis used to determine whether the color pixel is a skin color or non skin color. Understanding the skin color segmentation which supports to design YCbCr and CIELab algorithm for skin color segmentation which use in various applications such as face detection, human computer interaction, medical x-rays scan, agriculture. In this paper we discuss on face detection algorithms based on skin color. Two color spaces RGB, YCbCr are of main concern. It combined the Crowley and Coutaz (1997) algorithm for RGB and cahi and ngan (1999) algorithm for YCbCr to get a new skin color based face detection algorithm which gives higher accuracy .
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF INDOMETHACIN-LOADED NANOPARTICLES

In addition to its well-known anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, indomethacin (IMC) has been shown to reduce the proliferation rate and induce apoptosis in several cancer cell lines. In this study we investigated the biological activity of IMC and poly(vinyl acetate) nanoparticles with indomethacin (IMC-pVAc) in three cell lines. Treatment with IMC-pVAc caused prominent morphologic alterations of serum-free McCoy-Plovdiv and mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells. At least for the McCoy-Plovdiv line we showed that IMC doubtlessly induces apoptosis in the cells. The mouse lymphoma cells were more sensitive to IMC treatment which can be due to the different physiology of cancer cells and their shorter doubling time. In both cell lines, however, a clear concentrationand time-dependent effect of IMC treatment was demonstrated. Interestingly, IMC-pVAc always led to higher mortality of cells than IMC alone. This was not due to a cytotoxic activity of the nanoparticles. pVAc nanoparticles were shown to be biocompatible with respect to cell cultures and did not affect the proliferation rate and normal development of cells in vitro. Thus, the greater effect of IMC-pVAc could be explained with the prolonged release of the active substance, included in the polymer carrier. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 5.045 Volume 4, Issue 01, 85-101. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105 Article Received on 18 October 2014, Revised on 11 Nov 2014, Accepted on 05 Dec 2014 *Correspondence for Author Dr. Velichka Andonova Medical University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15-A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Review on Different Searchable Encryption Schemes for Cloud Computing

— Heavily available online data and its day to day expansion is need to be focus to store and retrieve it properly. This enforces the data owners tend to store their data into the cloud. This also suggest to handle the data properly and so release the burden of data storage and maintenance. But as the data owner and user, cloud server are not belong to same trusted domain, this may cause the outsourced to the risk. This enforce us to set the policy to avoid such risk factor. This gives us study scope to fine the different techniques to overcome such issue observed by different author. In this paper we try to underline the different solution, its limitation and results they achieved for retrieval of data securely and within less time. Definitely from this we will be able to propose our own solution
Some Studies on Pharmaceutical Eutectic – Nicotinamide-Benzamide System

The present investigation aims to measure the solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) of pharmaceutical active Nicotinamide (NA)-Benzamide (BZ) system and explore the thermodynamic and interfacial studies of the system. SLE data for the binary system was determined at atmospheric pressure by visually observing the melting points of a wide range of compositions maintaining accurate control of temperature. The phase diagram of the system shows the formation of simple eutectic at 0.391 mole fraction of BZ at the eutectic point, 105°C. Excess and mixing thermodynamic functions were calculated with the help of activity and activity coefficient values of components in binary mix. The excess functions predict the nature of molecular interaction and ordering in binary alloy whereas mixing functions suggest the nature of spontaneous and non-spontaneous mixing of the components. Interfacial morphology of the eutectic and non-eutectic alloys follows the Jackson’s surface roughness (α) theory and predicts the faceted growth proceeds in the eutectic and non-eutectic alloys. The solid-liquid interfacial energy (), grain boundary energy (gb) and the Gibb’s Thomson coefficient () of all the alloys are evaluated by using heat of fusion data. The driving force of nucleation during interfacial growth (Gv), critical size or radius (r*) and critical free energy of nucleation (G*) at different undercoolings have been determined.
Solution To Carpool Problems using Genetic Algorithms

: Recently, rates of vehicle ownership have risen globally, exacerbating problems including air pollution, lack of parking, and traffic congestion. While many solutions to these problems have been proposed, Carpooling is one of the most effective solutions to this problems Recently, several carpooling platforms have been built on cloud computing systems, with originators posting online list of departure/arrival points and schedules from which participants can search for rides that match their needs. In this paper, an improved carpool system is described in detail and called the improved intelligent carpool system (IICS), which provides car poolers the use of the carpool services via a smart handheld device anywhere and at any time. This IICS Consist the geographical, traffic, and societal information and used to manage requests and find minimum route. We apply advanced genetic-based carpool route and matching algorithm (AGCRMA) for this multiobjective optimization problem called the carpool service problem (CSP).
A Comparative Analysis of Electrical Sub-metering Accuracy and Cost for Commercial Building Applications

If commercial building stock is to meet the demands of a low-energy future, building services industries across the world will need to adopt energy metering, monitoring and measurement best practices and procedures that are not only both technically and economically viable in retrofits, but also facilitate advanced energy efficiency and demand management strategies whilst aligning with current (and future) regulatory mechanisms. Recognising such challenges, the CSIRO Division of Energy Technology is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation and assessment of commercial building electrical sub-metering technologies, building upon a recently completed report undertaken by CSIRO for the Australian Government on wireless technology options for electrical sub-metering systems suitable for applications to existing buildings [1]. This report comprised the findings of an initial phase of work as part of the Australian Government HVAC HESS – Measurement, Monitoring and Metering Project, demonstrating that wireless sub-metering technologies can be both cost effective and technically viable when considering controls upgrades and retrofit-style application to existing buildings.Summarising these results and extending the preliminary results presented in [2], this article provides a detailed analysis of electrical metering device accuracy versus cost for commercial building applications, including the latest results from a comparison of several ‘wired’ power meters available on the market in Australia. In addition, a snapshot of state-of-the-art and emerging metering technologies is provided.
The Measurement of pH in Muscle and its Importance to Meat Quality

The pH of muscle tissue is extremely important to meat science since the pH at specific times during the conversion of muscle to meat, as well as the ultimate pH of meat, affects many quality factors. The quality factors affected by pH include: color, grading characteristics and shrink of carcasses and wholesale cuts: texture, cooking loss and tenderness of steaks and roasts; and processing and binding characteristics of comminuted and restructured meats. This paper is not intended to be a complete review of the involvement of pH in meat quality, but will outline several of the important relationships, and will indicate many of the parameters which might affect pH measurements. Some of the points discussed may seem self-evident, and are primarily included because of their obvious influence.
The Relationships of Reputation, Advertisement Attractiveness, Community Effect with Customer Value and Positive Words of Mouth of Bear Brand Milk Consumers in Malang

One of the marketing activities undertaken by PT Nestle Indonesia to communicate Bear Brand milk in the market is by Words of Mouth marketing. However, Bear Brand Milk is only superior in several regions in Indonesia. The purpose of this study were to analyze the influence of reputation, influence of advertisement attractiveness, and community effect to customer value of Bear Brand Milk in Malang, and to analyze the influence of customer value of positive words of mouth on consumers of Bear Brand Milk in City Malang. The primary data were obtained from questionnaires spread to Bear Brand Milk consumers in Malang. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. The analysis technique used in this study was Structural Equation Model which was operated by AMOS program 16. The variables measured were reputation, advertisement attractiveness, community effect, customer value, and word-of-mouth. Results of the study showed that reputation is an important first element in implementing customer value. The reputation effect of positive words of mouth begins with how reputation can give dominant strategic effects on increasing customer value. The advertisement attractiveness was the second variable affecting the realization of positive words of mouth. Community effect is the third important element in implementing positive words of mouth. In order to create positive words of mouth, improvement of customer value can be realized through reputation, advertisement attractiveness, and community effects. 1 Corresponding author’s email: anungjk@yahoo.co.id International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics Vol. 2, No. 7, July, 2015 ISSN 2383-2126 (Online) © IJMAE, All Rights Reserved www.ijmae. com 621
Implementation of Spectrum Sensing Techniques in Cognitive Radio Networks

: Spectrum sensing is a crucial task in Cognitive Radio Networks(CRNs) to improve spectrum utilization for wireless communications. This paper presents recent advances in spectrum sensing and the detection process of Primary User (PU) at low SNR value by compressive sampling using energy detection technique in CR. In this paper, the sub-Nyquist technique such as compressive sensing is considered to detect the spectrum usage without the prior information of sparsity. Initially wideband QPSK signal is generated with a length of N samples and 50% compressed with KxN measurement matrix (K < N). Minimum energy signal is detected from the compressed signal then reconstructed by using l1 minimization algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme detects the PU even in the presence of noise uncertainties. Experimental results show an improvement over traditional energy detection technique in terms of Probability of detection (P d ) and Probability of false alarm (P fa ).
A Cross-layer approach for Energy Efficient Wireless Communication

— In this paper, we propose a mechanism which used to switch between single input multiple output and multiple input multiple output with maximum of two transmit antennas to reduce energy consumption at mobile terminals. when a base station is underutilized then to conserve mobile terminal energy slow down transmission rates so there need to have one crossover point on the transmission rate and below that SIMO is more efficient than MIMO when circuit power is considered but Crossover point is increases with circuit power, channel correlation and the number of receiver antennas these all the factors increase the potential energy savings in mode switching. We recommend an adaptive mode switching algorithm which combined with rate selection according to user perceived performance is acceptable that maintain a user’s target throughput and also conserve mobile terminal energy.
Design And Analysis Of Various Vlsi Optimization Techniques For Correlators

Background: This paper describes about correlator architectures with different VLSI optimization techniques such as parallel processing and pipelining. Both of these techniques are used to reduce the power consumption and to achieve high speed. Objective: To achieve high speed and low power consumption, VLSI optimization techniques such as parallel processing and pipelining technique is used. Results: Simulation is done using Xilinx ISE 13.2 tool with Verilog HDL (Verification Logarithmic Hardware Description Language) and it has been synthesized on Kintex7 (xc7k70t-fbg676) FPGAs for the multiplier less correlator and pre-compute correlator. When compared to parallel pre-compute correlator, parallel pre-compute correlator with pipelining reduces the delay by 20.77%. Conclusion: Up to certain limit pipelining provides significant performance gains with little increase in chip area. It also reduces glitching in the circuit. Throughput beyond that acheivable by pipelining can be attained by parallel architectures.
Credit Market Development and Economic Growth Athanasios Vazakidis

Problem statement: This study investigated the relationship between cr edit market development and economic growth for Italy for the p eriod 1965-2007 using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Questions were raised whether economic growth spurs credit market development taking into account the negative effect of inflatio n rate on credit market development. This study aimed to investigate the short-run and the long-run relationship between bank lending, gross domestic product and inflation rate applying the Johansen co i tegration analysis. Approach: For this objectives unit root tests were carried out according to Dicke y-Fuller (1979) and Johansen cointegration analysis was applied to examine whether the variables are co integrated of the same order taking into account the maximum eigenvalues and trace statistics tests. Finally, a vector error correction model was selected to investigate the long-run relationship b etween economic growth and credit market development. Results: A short-run increase of economic growth per 1% indu ces an increase of bank lending 0.4% in Italy, while an increase of inflati on rate per 1% induces a relative decrease of bank lending per 0.5% in Italy. The estimated coefficien t of error correction term is statistically signifi cant and has a negative sign, which confirms that there is not any a problem in the long-run equilibrium between the examined variables. Conclusions: The empirical results indicated that economic grow th has a positive effect on credit market development, while inflation rate has a negative effect. Bank development is determined by the size of bank lendi ng directed to private sector at times of low inflation rates leading to higher economic growth r ates.
A Virtual Mirror for Self-Knowledge Activities with People with Down Syndrome

People with Down Syndrome have peculiar physical and cognitive characteristics due to genetic alterations. Given this, self-knowledge is essential for identity formation. Recently, it is possible to use technological resources that facilitate the application of therapeutic and educational activities. This paper proposes a system called Virtual Mirror, which enables activities that stimulate self-knowledge. Previously programmed questions are reproduced by the mirror, concomitantly with the projection of user images. After that, the system waits for responses, evaluates agreement and consistency, and issues a response to the user in the form of greetings. Also, the Virtual Mirror provides a channel for biofeedback. It analyzes user behavior during the execution of each activity. Twenty-seven volunteers evaluated the virtual mirror, people with Down Syndrome, male and female, aged 13 to 51 years. It was done at the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC Goiás), in the space reserved for the activities of the Alfadown project, an extension project maintained by PUC Goiás. The results showed that
Performance Enhancement of Multi-cell Multiuser MIMO

— Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) system uses multiple transmit and receive antennas to utilize spatial diversity in the channel, this enables the transmitted data to use the same time and frequency slots. In Multiuser MIMO system inter-user interference degrade the performance of the system. Solutions to this can be found using Precoding techniques. I analyze precoding techniques for the downlink of multiuser MIMO system. Simulation results shows the BER performance of the different linear precoding schemes .
An Improved Method of Block Matching Algorithm for Video Compression Using Motion Estimation

: Video is progressively become one of the most pervasive technologies in terms of everyday usage, both for entertainment and an enterprise environments. Normally, Video file needs large bandwidth, large storage space during transmission and the time consumption is also high when it transmits from source to destination. So, Video compression is concerned with reducing the amount of data required to reproduce a video. The main intention of video coding in most video applications such as video conferencing, camcorder, HDTV, medical imaging, and military imaging is to reduce the amount of video signal for storing and/or transmission purposes without affecting its visual quality . In this paper video compression is achieved by Motion Estimation and Block Tree Coding. Multiwavelet transform is used in this proposed method for preserve high frequency details and good energy compaction. A block tree coding is used for compression and reconstruction of Multiwavelet transformed image and thus the proposed scheme is called as Multiwavelet Block Tree Coding (MBTC) and this approach yields the advantages of high energy compaction, PSNR, and a less number of bits for encoding.
Performance Assessment of the ERP packages and degree of customization

-Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) packages developed by ERP vendors to implement existing business processes in the organization, not only in line with, but are designed to bring some of the industry best practices. In the past, there are a lot of studies on evaluating the efficiency of the standard ERP project; However, no up-to-date customization of packages and performance evaluation skills ERP date has been carried out from the perspective of the determination. Evaluating the effectiveness of best practices custom ERP customization package is essential for benchmarking. In this study, we data envelope analysis (DEA) was going to test the efficiency of using the custom ERP package. We have examined the relationship between the degree of customization of ERP packages and their skills. ERP packages and organization of the data in the products of an IT provider are implemented where it had been deployed are collected from. Results will suggest that the degree of customization in ERP system performance and adversely affect the effectiveness of the ERP package . The impact of the results of research and practice is discussed.
Reliability of Morphological Approach for Bulking Filamentous Bacteria Identification in Activated Sludge Plants

Activated sludge process is the most commonly applied technology for the biological treatment of wastewater. However, operational failures and deterioration of treatment efficiency due to extensive and uncontrolled growth of filamentous bacteria have been reported worldwide as common problems of this method. Over the years, various methods have been developed and applied for the identification of these bacteria in an attempt to find a solution to the bulking problem. In this study, morphological techniques were used to identify dominant filamentous bacteria in activated sludge plants in Ghana. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was subsequently applied to assess the reliability of the morphological results. The findings indicate that the usefulness of morphological approach for routine identification of filamentous bacteria for the purpose of bulking control should not be underestimated since the results of this approach agreed largely with the probe-defined results. Reliability of morphological results, however, can be improved when plant operators would have previously applied molecular techniques to identify these filaments. Where molecular techniques are available, morphological identification can also serve as a preceding rapid screening tool for subsequent probe selection.
Factors Influencing Principals’ Leadership for ICT Integration in Public Secondary Schools Management in Bungoma County, Kenya

In this 21 st century, there is global recognition of integrating Information Communication Technology (ICT) as a contemporary tool for best management practices. The Kenya government ICT Policy and strategy (2006) encourages ICT integration in school management for quality service delivery. The government further entered into partnership with development agencies and private organizations to promote ICT integration. By so doing, the government had at heart school principals to exact their leadership overseeing successful integration. However, despite the efforts, progress has been short of expectations. For instance in Kajiado County, 51% of teachers lacked Internet accessibility, 55% lacked administrative support for professional development in ICT while in Kakamega County, 61.9% of schools lacked ICT technical support and 57.1% had inadequately trained staff in ICT use. In Bungoma County, over 75% of public secondary schools have 1-10 computers and 25% have 11-40 and electricity installed. Even with this ICT infrastructure, principals’ hardly integrated ICT in management due to deficits in operational budgets which raised questions on principals’ leadership as key players in ICT integration hence the need for this study. This paper sought to determine factors influencing principals’ leadership for ICT integration in PSSM in Bungoma County, Kenya. This study adopted Hasan (1998) Activity Theory which states that whole work activity is broken into three parts namely subject, tool and object. Descriptive survey research design was employed. The study population comprised of 272 Principals and 272 Deputy Principals (DPs) and 272 Director of Studies (DOS) Saturated sampling technique was utilized to select 245 DPs while simple random sampling technique was utilized to select 82 principals and 123 DOS. Data collection instruments were Interview Schedule, Questionnaire, Observation Checklist and Document Analysis Guide. Validity was ascertained by revising the instruments based on feedback from experts in the School of Education, Maseno University. A test re-test method was used and Cronbach alpha (α) reliabilities of the instruments which were above 0.70 threshold was therefore acceptable. Mixed methods approach was used in data collection and analysis. The study revealed that 62.2% of the respondents cited finance and administrative support and 64.6% cited attitude as factors influencing principals’ leadership for ICT integration in PSSM. It was concluded that financial and administrative support was inadequate. The study recommended that MOE should increase its budgetary allocation and mount an in-service program on principals’ leadership to enhance ICT integration skills. Keywords : Factors, Influencing Principals’ Leadership, ICT, Integration