Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Narrowband PLC Channel Attenuation Due to a Multi-Grounded Neutral

This paper presents a theoretical study on the influence of a multi-grounded neutral on the transmission of narrowband power-line communication (PLC) signals through a two-wire medium-voltage distribution line. Three different methods are proposed to calculate the transfer function of the line in the 3–500 kHz range: (i) nodal admittance method; (ii) travelling wave method; (iii) electrically-short line approach. The validity, advantages and shortcomings of each method are presented and discussed. It is shown that improving the grounding impedance at the transmitter and receiver locations will contribute to reducing the channel attenuation. It is also shown that the number of intermediate grounding points along the neutral is more relevant for the attenuation of PLC signals than their impedance. In general, increasing such number will always reduce the attenuation in frequencies where the line is electrically short. A similar behavior is observed at the higher end of the 3–500 kHz range provided the grounding interval is less than 300 m, which is half wavelength of the 500 kHz frequency. If the separation between grounding points is greater than that, reducing the number of grounding points is likely to reduce the average channel attenuation, but at the cost of introducing multiple resonant frequencies.
A Review on Productivity and its Effect in Industrial Manufacturing

: Productivity is a widely discussed topic in companies and by leaders, as productivity is directly linked to the GDP growth and the quality of life. However, research suggests that Productivity is one of the most ambiguous terminologies that exist. Even though, productivity is closely related to profitability, efficiency and effectiveness, all these terminologies are used in a different context. In this review, the author will clearly highlight the differences in these terminologies and provide insights in the context of enhancing performance. In the United Kingdom, manufacturing productivity is on par with Germany however, in other sectors there is a downfall. This review is focused on providing fundamental knowledge on Productivity and why it is important for all sectors?
Body Size and Coexistnce in Desert Rodents: Chance or Community Structure?

We use a simple test to evaluate the null hypotheses that desert rodent communities are composed of species assembled at random with respect to body size. This hypothesis is unequivocally rejected for species in the granivore guild: species of similar size (body mass ratios <1.5) coexist less frequently in local communities and overlap less in their geographic distributions than expected on the basis of chance, suggesting that their co—occurrence is precluded by interspecific competition. When granivore species and members of other guilds are combined in the same analysis, the patterns apparent in granivores diminish or disappear. These results indicate that ability to detect community structure depends to a large extent on thorough knowledge of the organisms and choice of appropriate statistical tests. We suggest that recent claims that many communities are indistinguishable from random associations of species are premature.
Anatomia foliar de Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Nich. (Bignoniaceae) propagadas in vitro, in vivo e durante a aclimatização

As mudas propagadas por tecnicas de micropropagacao geralmente apresentam alteracoes significativas induzidas pelas condicoes in vitro, que diminuem a capacidade de sobrevivencia apos a transferencia para o ambiente ex vitro, sendo fundamental a avaliacao da mudanca estrutural durante o processo de adaptacao. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, identificar as diferencas anatomicas foliares entre plantas de Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Nich. (ipe amarelo), cultivadas in vitro, in vivo e durante a aclimatizacao. Foram utilizadas plântulas mantidas por 43 dias em sala de crescimento, com 20, 40, 60 e 80 dias de aclimatizacao e mudas de 90 dias cultivadas em viveiro. As plântulas foram obtidas via cultura de embrioes em meio MS e transplantadas para tubetes contendo plantmax®, para aclimatizacao em viveiro, sob 50% de sombreamento. Nas mesmas condicoes da aclimatizacao, foram produzidas as mudas in vivo. Cortes transversais e paradermicos foram preparados de acordo com tecnicas usuais em microtecnia vegetal. As plântulas in vitro apresentam os tecidos foliares pouco diferenciados e estomatos maiores e mais abertos, exigindo maiores cuidados na etapa inicial de aclimatizacao. Aos 60 dias de aclimatizacao as novas folhas produzidas possuem alguns aspectos anatomicos que podem conferir maior eficiencia fotossintetica e maior capacidade de regulacao hidrica das plantas.
Molecular evolution and phylogenetic implications of internal transcribed spacer sequences of Ribosomal DNA in Winteraceae

The internal transcribed spacers and the 5.8S coding region of nuclear ribosomal DNA were sequenced and analyzed to address questions of generic relationships in Winteraceae. The molecular data generated a single tree that is congruent with one based on morphological data. The sequences of ITS 1 in the family range from 235 to 252 bases in size and of ITS 2 from 213 to 226 bases. The size of the 5.8S coding region is 164 bases. The range of ITS 1 and ITS 2 sequence divergence between pairs of genera within Winteraceae is relatively low in comparison to other plant families. Two types of ITS 1 and ITS 2 sequences were observed in the same individual for some taxa. Sequence variations between the two arrays are 4.70/-o 6.3% for ITS 1 and 5. 10/o-7.0% for ITS 2. Both arrays of sequences, however, generate the same phylogenetic relationships. Rates of nucleotide substitutions for the internal transcribed spacers are 3.2-5.2 x 10-'? substitution per site per year estimated in ITS 1 and 3.6-5.7 x 10-'? in ITS 2.
The population ecology of Rattus exulans on Tiritiri Matangi Island, and a model of comparative population dynamics in New Zealand

Abstract On Tiritiri, a small predator-free island in northern New Zealand, kiore (Rattus exulans) were live and snap trapped in grassland and forest. In both habitats, kiore abundance peaked in late summer/autumn. The increase followed a 3 month breeding season during which females produced two to three litters, each averaging 7 young. During the population decline in autumn and winter, animals lost weight. Few bred in the breeding season of their birth and none lived to breed in a second breeding season, so the population consisted of distinct age cohorts. These patterns may relate to a highly seasonal food supply. Kiore elsewhere in New Zealand show seasonal breeding, but the length of breeding, sexual maturation, and litter size vary. Other studies of kiore in the Pacific show less marked seasonal fluctuations, longer breeding seasons, and smaller litters. We propose a model to explain the variation in rodent demography in New Zealand. The model is based on the seasonal availability of food, along wit.
How to determine a regional species pool : a study in two Swedish regions

The species pool hypothesis has been proposed as one of the possible explanations for the local species richness of plant communities. For testing and validating this theory, it is of crucial importance to determine the dimension of the regional pool, which is the reservoir of species that are potentially able to exist in a community. The main purpose of this study was to develop and test different methods for the determination of the regional species pool. Two regions in Sweden served as study areas, Oland and Uppland. In both regions, three different vegetation types were treated: dry calcareous grasslands, coastal meadows and deciduous forests. For the determination of the regional pool two main groups of methods are proposed: 1) six ecological approaches, based on Ellenberg species indicator values, and 2) two phytosociological approaches, based on the occurrence of species in different syntaxa in the framework of the Braun-Blanquet system. The different screening methods were tested using Sorensen's index expressing the similarity between the community species pool and the regional species pool. Two types of error were recognized which may result in low index values. For the six ecological methods Sorensen's index values were below 50%. The methods differed considerably from each other in accuracy, due to large differences in errors of both types. The phytosociological methods resulted in higher similarity values of up to almost 70%. The two approaches differed in error type but gave similar results.
Shelter availability and human attitudes as drivers of rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) expansion along a rural–urban gradient

Abstract While anthropogenic land‐use changes threaten wildlife globally, some species take advantage of such changes and disperse into urban areas. The wildlife in urban areas often promotes conflicts with humans, notably when the animals are associated with the spread of zoonotic diseases. In Israel, current urban invasion of rock hyraxes (Procavia capensis) draws public attention, since the species is a reservoir host of cutaneous leishmaniasis, a serious skin disease. The rock hyrax, however, has seldom been studied in densely populated areas, and the drivers for its urban expansion, as well as its abilities to live and spread in core urban areas, are relatively unknown. Here, we explore the rock hyrax expansion to urban areas process by examining the availability, characteristics and use of shelter along an urban gradient. Our findings suggest that a series of factors determines shelter availability and quality for the rock hyrax, which facilitates its dispersion across the urban gradient. We found that rock hyraxes from the Judean Desert expand to the peri‐urban region of Jerusalem by colonizing new rocky shelters formed as by‐products of urban development. With their populations reaching extreme densities in this area and saturating the available shelters, there is some spill over to the adjacent core urban areas where they colonize littered sites, which are made available due to the local socio‐economic conditions and cultural norms of waste disposal and illegal placement of temporary structures. Our work emphasizes the significance of the urban gradient approach for studying the mechanisms promoting wildlife expansion to cities. Our findings suggest that changes in shelter availability and quality due to urban development, and cultural norms promote shifts of the hyrax population by pushing from the already established areas and pulling into new environment across the urban gradient.
Assessment of the charter-boat fishery in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

The South African KwaZulu-Natal charter-boat fishery was assessed by means of a socio-economic questionnaire survey and catch inspections during the period August 2003–November 2004. In all, 38 charter operators were interviewed and 135 catch inspections undertaken. Of a total of 79 species recorded caught, Chrysoblephus puniceus (34%), Lethrinus nebulosus (16%), Cheimerius nufar (14%) and Chrysoblephus anglicus (11%) dominated the catch numerically. Surveyed average catch rates for the charter fishery (0.91 fish angler−1 h−1 and 1.43 kg angler−1 h−1) in the KwaZulu-Natal province were almost three times higher than the recreational boatbased fishery, but less than the commercial linefishery in that region. Participation and total annual effort of the charter fishery was calculated to be 96 participating boats, undertaking 6 800 outings y−1. Total annual catch in the fishery was estimated to be 281–296 t, approximately 15–17% of the province's total linefishing catch. Charter fishing was not a viable option as a sole source of income. Income levels per operator were low at <R60 000 per annum, and there was evidence of participants subsidising their operations from alternative sources of income. Economic input by the fishery is large, with some R50 million having been invested by operators in fixed assets and a cumulative annual expenditure of about R9 million on operating expenses.
Customer incivility and service sabotage in the hotel industry

Using equity theory, this study aims to examine the role of customer incivility in effecting service sabotage among hotel employees by recognizing the mediating role of revenge motivation and the moderating effect of emotion regulation. ,A multi-wave, multi-source questionnaire survey was conducted with 291 employee–supervisor dyads at chain hotels in Shenzhen, China. Previously developed and validated measures for customer incivility, revenge motivation, emotion regulation and service sabotage were adopted to test the hypotheses. ,Customer incivility increased employees’ revenge motivation and service sabotage. Emotion regulation acted as a boundary condition for customer incivility’s direct effect on revenge motivation and its indirect effect on service sabotage through revenge motivation. Cognitive reappraisal mitigated the detrimental influence of customer incivility, whereas expressive suppression worsened its adverse effects. ,Managers should monitor and deter the emergence of uncivil behaviors, provide psychological support for employees experiencing customer incivility and encourage these employees to use cognitive reappraisal rather than expressive suppression as an emotion regulation strategy. ,To the authors’ knowledge, no prior research has investigated the customer incivility–service sabotage relationship in the hotel industry. This study sheds light on how customer incivility can motivate service sabotage among hotel employees. Furthermore, the authors used equity theory rather than the commonly adopted resources perspective to offer new insights into the customer incivility–service sabotage relationship.
Sample Identification Approach by K-Means Clustering In Thinner Retail Market Segmentation

Ingredients identification of thinner sample in retail market is very easy to do by a special machine, and then the product would be copied. Then the problem is how to set the sample of competitor product into the segmentation based on many consideration aspects. Data mining helps user to identify whether the sample is a member of one segmentation or not based on the closest characteristic value that observed. K-means clustering calculate a numeric value of each sample product’s characteristic then classify into a number desired cluster. Data history has 21 existing products and classified into 4 cluster at the beginning, then two data tests (competitor products) put into the data set to identify what is the nearest cluster. The result of K-means clustering shows the first competitor as cluster_1 while the second one is cluster_3.
Genetic diversity of Tunisian accessions of Aegilops geniculata Roth and durum wheats (Triticum durum Desf.) using RAPD markers

Abstract Genetic diversity of three durum wheat cultivars (Triticum durum Desf.) and thirteen Aegilops geniculata Roth accessions belonging to different regions of Tunisia (in North and Central) was evaluated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Nineteen arbitrary universal primers were used for the amplification of random DNA sequences. Data were analysed with the SIMQUAL program using the NTSYS-pc. Phylogenetic diagram was drowning using the UPGMA algorithm. Results indicate an important inter—specific polymorphism between Aegilops and durum wheat. Ae. geniculata accessions revealed a high level of polymorphism (71.27%) than wheat cultivars (39.76%). Two main groups were represented by cluster and principal component analyses. The first group is formed by Ae. geniculata accessions and the second is constituted only by durum wheat cultivars. Consequently, RAPD markers separate clearly Ae. geniculata accessions and durum wheat cultivars.
Device for automated magnetic pulse stimulation of plant production processes

Numerous studies of various physical factors show the promise of using pulsed magnetic fields in bioregulatory technologies to stimulate plant life and growth processes. As a result of exposure to garden strawberries with a low-frequency magnetic field, the quality of planting material improves, plant immunity increases, crop growth and development accelerates, the number and weight of berries increase. The article presents a developed automated device for magnetic pulse processing (MPP) of plants, considers the device, design and principle of its operation. The electrical circuit of the device and its technical characteristics are given. According to the results of a laboratory experiment, the magnetic field parameters of the working body of the device in the near zone of a flat spiral coil were established. The numerical value of the magnetic induction at a distance of 100 mm from the center of the coil is 8.3 mT.
Initial responses of the trap‐crop, Solanum sisymbriifolium, to Globodera pallida invasions

Many researchers today are looking for mechanisms underlying plant defenses against nematodes by identifying differentially expressed genes in domesticated hosts. In order to provide a different perspective, we analyzed the root transcriptome of an undomesticated non‐host species, Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamark (SSI) before and after Globodera pallida infection. Utilizing RNAseq analyses, we identified changes in the expression of 277 transcripts. Many of these genes were not annotated; however, the annotated set included peroxidases, reactive oxygen species‐producing proteins, and regulators of cell death. Importantly, 60% of the nematode‐responsive genes did not respond to physical damage to root tissues, or to exogenous treatments with either salicylic acid or methyl jasmonate. Based on this, we speculate that the majority of changes in SSI gene expression were promoted by either nematode effectors, pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), or by exposure to untested endogenous signaling molecules such as ethylene, or by exposure to multiple stimuli. This study incorporates our findings into a model that accounts for part of this plant's unusual resistance to nematodes.
Improving the Quality of Rolled Metal Products Using a Set of Quality Management Statistical Methods

In the face of the increasing need of shaped and bar iron for buildings and installations construction, production of modern domestic vessels at one of the Kuzbass metallurgical enterprises, mastering the production of hot-rolled bulb bars made from highquality structural steel, which is based on existing technology, has begun. To ensure the production quality, control quality techniques for “asymmetric bulb bar” experimental rolled steel made from A32 and D32 steel grades is proposed. It enabled us to identify the systemic and most significant unsatisfactory features in production process, to develop measures to eliminate them and prevent possible defects in mass production of rolled products. These techniques are based on the application of quality management statistical methods. The implementation of a quality control techniques and recommended measures to prevent possible defects made it possible to improve the quality of metal, ensure production stability and competitiveness in the metal market.
Response of dust emissions in southwestern North America to 21st century trends in climate, CO2 fertilization, and land use: implications for air quality

Abstract. Climate models predict a shift toward warmer and drier environments in southwestern North America. The consequences of such a shift for dust mobilization and dust concentration are unknown, but they could have large implications for human health, given the connections between dust inhalation and disease. Here we link a dynamic vegetation model (LPJ-LMfire) to a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to assess the impacts of future changes in three factors – climate, CO2 fertilization, and land use practices – on vegetation in this region. From there, we investigate the impacts of changing vegetation on dust mobilization and assess the net effect on fine dust concentration (defined as dust particles less than 2.5 µm in diameter) on surface air quality. We find that surface temperatures in southwestern North America warm by 3.3 K and precipitation decreases by nearly 40 % by 2100 in the most extreme warming scenario (RCP8.5; RCP refers to Representative Concentration Pathway) in spring (March, April, and May) – the season of greatest dust emissions. Such conditions reveal an increased vulnerability to drought and vegetation die-off. Enhanced CO2 fertilization, however, offsets the modeled effects of warming temperatures and rainfall deficit on vegetation in some areas of the southwestern US. Considering all three factors in the RCP8.5 scenario, dust concentrations decrease over Arizona and New Mexico in spring by the late 21st century due to greater CO2 fertilization and a more densely vegetated environment, which inhibits dust mobilization. Along Mexico's northern border, dust concentrations increase as a result of the intensification of anthropogenic land use. In contrast, when CO2 fertilization is not considered in the RCP8.5 scenario, vegetation cover declines significantly across most of the domain by 2100, leading to widespread increases in fine dust concentrations, especially in southeastern New Mexico (up to ∼ 2.0 µg m−3 relative to the present day) and along the border between New Mexico and Mexico (up to ∼ 2.5 µg m−3). Our results have implications for human health, especially for the health of the indigenous people who make up a large percentage of the population in this region.
Effects of flower production and predispersal seed predation on reproduction in Cirsium purpuratum

Researchers have often assumed that the reproductive success of a plant increases with flower production. However, if predispersal seed predation also increases with flower production, this may counteract the increase in re - productive success expected with such increased flower production. To investigate this, we examined the effect of flower number and predispersal seed predation on seed production in two field populations of Cirsium purpuratum (Maxim.) Matsum. At both sites, the proportion of seeds or heads preyed upon per plant increased with the number of flowers (florets or heads) on each plant, while the proportion of mature seeds per plant was independent of flower number per plant. Based on these results, we predicted that an increased level of seed predation at the population level would reduce the annual flower production of each plant. The observed pattern of flower production supported this pre- diction. Our results suggest that increased flower production may not always improve plant reproductive success under the influence of predispersal seed predation. Resume : Les chercheurs ont souvent pris pour acquis que les succes de reproduction d'une plante augmentent avec la production de fleurs. Cependant, si la predation des graines avant dispersion augmente egalement avec la production de fleurs, ceci pourrait contrer l'augmentation du succes de reproduction attendu d'une telle augmentation de fleurs. Pour etudier cette question, les auteurs ont examine l'effet du nombre de fleurs et de la predation des graines avant disper- sion sur la production de graines, dans deux populations de Cirsium purpuratum (Maxim.) Matsum, sur le terrain. Sur les deux sites, la proportion de graines ou d'inflorescences subissant la predation par plante augmente avec le nombre de fleurs (fleurons ou inflorescences) sur chaque plante, alors que la proportion de graines matures par plante est inde- pendante du nombre de fleurs par plante. Sur la base de ces resultats, les auteurs predisent qu'un augmentation de l'intensite de la predation des graines au niveau de la population reduira la production annuelle de fleur par plant. Le patron de production des fleurs observe supporte cette prediction. Les resultats suggerent qu'une augmentation de la production des fleurs n'ameliore pas toujours le succes de reproduction, sous l'influence d'une predation des graines avant la dispersion. Mots cles : succes reproductif des plantes, predation des graines avant dispersion, Cirsium purpuratum, production de fleurs, interaction plantes-animaux. (Traduit par la Redaction) Ohashi and Yahara 236