Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants and Heterogeneity of Time -to- Recovery from Obstetric Fistula Patients; Comparison of Acceleration Failure Time and Parametric Shared Frailty Models

Obstetric Fistula is a medical condition that involves an opening or perforation between the vagina and the bladder or the vagina and the rectum. It is a serious, life threatening and often debilitating medical condition that affects thousands of women in developing countries.The study consists of 270 obstetric fistula patients having all required information who were taking treatment at Jimma University Specialized Hospital in south west Ethiopia from January, 2011 to January ,2017. The log-rank and generalized wilcoxon test were used to explore the association between the recovery time and different independent categorical covariates. Then using different baseline distribution parametric models were employed to have an appropriate model for the recovery time/status of the patients based on Akaike information criteria (AIC) of the model. Result of Both log-rank and generalized wilcoxon test showed that there were significant differences among obstetric fistula patients in survival experience of weight , marital status, Residence, Incontinence, Antenatal care, mode of delivery, status of urethra and types of fistula of patients at 5% level of significance. Based on AIC log-normal gamma shared frailty model is an appropriate model and there is heterogeneity between patients with zone. The final model showed that marital status, Residence, Incontinence, Antenatal care, status of urethra and types of fistula were the determinants of recovery status of the patients at 5% level of significance. In Conclusion, the result showed that married women, rural residence, incontinence of urine more than 3 months, hadn’t antenatal care and completely damaged urethra were prolonged time recovery time of patients whereas having recto-vaginal-fistula shorten recovery status than vesico-vaginal fistula group of patients.
Effect of Plant Extracted Smoke and Reversion of Abscisic Acid Stress on Lettuce

The stimulation of seed germination by smoke and aqueous smoke extracts has received much attention in recent years. However, the combine effects of smoke with plant hormones on seed germination remain unknown. This investigation describes how lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds respond to smoke solution and how the smoke solution can alleviate abscisic acid (ABA) stress. The results showed that plant extracted smoke treated seeds had significantly quicker germination, higher germination percentage, fresh weight, relative seed germination percentage, peak value, germination value, shoot and root length, germination index and vigor index as compared to control. No germination was observed in ABA (0.1mM) treated seeds but significant number of seeds germinated when ABA and smoke solutions were mixed together. It was observed that smoke solutions overcome the inhibitory effects of ABA and improved germination and seedling vigor, indicating that smoke alleviated ABA stress not only at the germination level but also at seedling stage.
Udder thermography of gyr cows for subclinical mastitis detection

Aiming to evaluate the infrared thermography technique for early detection of subclinical mastitis in Gyr cows, 70 animals were selected in 2nd or 3rd lactation, with an average production of 7.2 kg / d between 90 and 200 days in milking. Images of two quarters (front and backside) of the same udder side were monthly performed during three months using a thermal camera to evaluate the surface temperature at three different heights (upper, median and lower), totalizing 420 measurements. Milk samples from each quarter were also collected to evaluate the SCC and microbiological culture. The SCC did not influence udder temperature at different heights (p>0.05). However, temperatures among the regions of the quarter were different, the upper area had higher values than the median and lower regions (p 0.05). The use of thermal camera allowed the identification of temperature variations of skin surface at different udder regions of Gyr cows. However, this technique was not effective in the detection of subclinical mastitis.
Biomass, commonly occurring and dominant species of macrobenthos in Onega Bay (White Sea, Russia): data from three different decades

Onega Bay is the largest bay in the White Sea, characterised by shallow depth, a range of sediment types and strong tidal currents. All these factors provide conditions for high species richness and biomass. This study reviews data from three surveys of sublittoral macrobenthos undertaken by Russian institutes: the benthic survey covering the entire Onega Bay in 1952; the survey performed in the northern part of the area in 1981 ⁄ 90, and a study carried out in 2006 in the eastern part of the bay. In total, data from 107 stations were analysed. The data in different surveys were collected by different grab types. The datasets of both 1981 ⁄ 90 and 2006 overlap the 1952 survey area. The pattern of biomass distribution was consistent between the years of survey and was characterised by the low biomass at the northern periphery of the bay and the highest biomass observed in the coastal waters of the Solovetsky Islands. Bivalves and cirripeds (mostly Modiolus modiolus, Arctica islandica, Balanus balanus and Verucca stroemia) dominated in biomass. Neither the biomass share of dominant species nor the frequency of occurrence of several common species in these groups changed markedly between 1952 and 1981 ⁄ 90. Although the results of the 2006 survey appear somewhat different from the patterns of previous years, this does not indicate major changes in the benthic communities, because the survey in 2006 was designed in a different way and its overlap with the 1952 survey was minimal. However, the dominant species (by biomass) – A. islandica, M. modiolus and V. stroemia – held their leading positions. Results of the multidimensional scaling analysis based on the biomass data for all taxa encountered in the 1952 survey indicate considerable mixing of the samples from all surveys. This may be interpreted as the absence of major shifts in the sublittoral communities of the macrobenthos of Onega Bay at decadal scale. This kind of stability may be explained by an oceanographical regime resilient to climate variation and a relatively low anthropogenic environmental impact when compared to other shallow European seas.
Estimation of Total Biomass in Aleppo Pine Forest Stands Applying Parametric and Nonparametric Methods to Low-Density Airborne Laser Scanning Data

The account of total biomass can assist with the evaluation of climate regulation policies from local to global scales. This study estimates total biomass (TB), including tree and shrub biomass fractions, in Pinus halepensis Miller forest stands located in the Aragon Region (Spain) using Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data and fieldwork. A comparison of five selection methods and five regression models was performed to relate the TB, estimated in 83 field plots through allometric equations, to several independent variables extracted from ALS point cloud. A height threshold was used to include returns above 0.2 m when calculating ALS variables. The sample was divided into training and test sets composed of 62 and 21 plots, respectively. The model with the lower root mean square error (15.14 tons/ha) after validation was the multiple linear regression model including three ALS variables: the 25th percentile of the return heights, the variance, and the percentage of first returns above the mean. This study confirms the usefulness of low-density ALS data to accurately estimate total biomass, and thus better assess the availability of biomass and carbon content in a Mediterranean Aleppo pine forest.
Application of Cloud Computing Technology in RoboCup Middle Size Soccer Robot System

With cloud computing era coming, the cloud computing model which is applied in Robocup middle size soccer robot system is established based on the study of private cloud. The model effectively integrates the data fusion system, backup of world model, cloud decision making system, load balancing and self-learning strategy cloud of big data, and solve problems such as resource allocation, role orientation, task scheduling, behavior coordination under the condition of limited time and limited resources. The system function and the robot behavior are unified. The practical application shows that the cloud computing model proposed in this paper is stable and feasible.
A Color Watermarking Scheme Based on Conway Game

This paper presents a new watermarking scheme based on Two Dimensional Cellular Automata Game-of-Life for color images in spatial domain. This scheme utilizes the live cells of Game-of-Life generations, in which the two most significant bits of gray watermark pixels are embedded into the color host image pixels in the blue component. The proposed scheme depends on the positions of cells that have the value of one in Game-of-Life generations. The watermark extraction can be performed without the original image, and watermark image is hidden inside the original image. Simulation results demonstrate that the watermark is not visible in watermarked image. The proposed method is secure to resist any passive attacks even though the algorithm is open and robust against various image processing operations.
CFD Simulation of Single- and Two-Phase Natural Convection in the Context of External Reactor Vessel Cooling

In recent decades, and with renewed importance after the events in Fukushima, the nuclear community has focused on the opportunity to rely on passive safety and, after plant shutdown, to ensure that reactor cooling can be safely guaranteed by natural processes, at least for a sufficient time before any active power intervention is needed. Buoyancy-driven flows and natural convection provide an efficient and potentially highly reliable and inexpensive heat transfer mechanism but, at the same time, these are rather complex flows because of the strong two-way coupling between the velocity and thermal fields, and the interaction between buoyancy and turbulence. In view of this, numerical tools able to predict these flows with accuracy and confidence are necessary to support the informed design and the safety assessment of present and future nuclear power plants. This paper is focused on research ongoing at the University of Leeds on the development of computational fluid dynamic tools to predict buoyancy-driven flows, of particular relevance to external reactor vessel cooling (ERVC). In ERVC, the aim is to retain the melted corium inside the reactor vessel, which is cooled from the outside by natural convection in the flooded reactor cavity where boiling is expected to occur on the outer vessel wall. The work starts by considering single-phase flow in a square buoyant cavity that is used to assess and improve the accuracy of available Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models, some of which, through the turbulence models embedded within them, are known to have shortcomings in predicting natural convection. In the same geometry, the superior accuracy of the large eddy simulation technique, the results from which may underpin further development of RANS approaches, is demonstrated. A two-fluid Eulerian-Eulerian model including boiling at the wall, which will be required to predict the whole ERVC phenomena, is also preliminary tested in the final part of the paper. Overall, encouraging results are found and weaknesses of the available modelling techniques and areas for future development are identified.
THE EFFECT OF CLASSIFICATION SHIFTING ON ANALYST FORECAST ACCURACY: EVIDENCE FROM JAPAN

Accounting research has focused extensively on both discretionary accrual-based earnings management (DA) and real earnings management (REM). The third route of earnings management, classification shifting (CS), is a relatively new research area. First, this paper provides evidence that managers in Japan overstate operating income through classification shifting. Second, we find that analysts' forecast accuracy for operating income is reduced for firms that use frequent classification shifting to manipulate operating income upward. This paper can be helpful for regulatory agencies responsible for financial reporting quality when supervising or auditing the quality of firm's financial reporting. This paper also highlights investors' need to perform detailed reviews of firms' financial statements in their decision making.
Cosmic ray acceleration to very high energy through the non-linear amplification by cosmic rays of the seed magnetic field

The maximum energy for cosmic ray acceleration at supernova shock fronts is usually thought to be limited to around 10 14 ±10 15 eV by the size of the shock and the time for which it propagates at high velocity. We show that the magnetic field can be amplified non-linearly by the cosmic rays to many times the pre-shock value, thus increasing the acceleration rate and facilitating acceleration to energies well above 10 15 eV. A supernova remnant expanding into a uniform circumstellar medium may accelerate protons to 10 17 eVand heavy ions, with charge Ze ,t oZ � 10 17 eV: Expansion into a pre-existing stellar wind may increase the maximum cosmic ray energy by a further factor of 10.
New unit root tests with two smooth breaks and nonlinear adjustment

This paper proposes new three unit root testing procedures which consider jointly for two structural breaks and nonlinear adjustment. The structural breaks are modelled by means of two logistic smooth transition functions and nonlinear adjustment is modelled by means of ESTAR models. The Monte Carlo experiments display that the empirical sizes of tests are quite close to the nominal ones and in terms of power; the three new unit root tests are superior to the alternative tests. An empirical application involving crude oil underlines the usefulness of the new unit root tests.
Competencies for the Classroom Instructional Designer

The aim of the present study is to identify the competence needed by secondary schools’ teacher on designing their clasroom insruction. The study was conducted in the province of South Sulawesi Indonesia using qualitative approach. The respondent of the study is 8 persons, consists of school superintendent and teacher trainer selecting form several regencies. In order to find out the competences needed in term of competence in designing instruction, semi-structure interview was used in this study. The thematic analysis is used to get more detail information through indentifying, analysing,and reporting the pattern of competences needed. The research finding showed that there are four major competencies needed by socondary schools’ teacher in designing their instruction, such as competence in subject matter, pedagogical, curriculum, and technology.
Analysis and Mitigation of the Effect of Repetitive Impulsive Noises on Digital Subscriber Lines

This work deals with the effect of repetitive impulsive noises -REINon Digital Subscriber Lines DSL. Based on simple assumptions about the time-domain characteristics of the noise, a model of the damage it causes on the symbols for each frequency is derived. With that model, a technique for obtaining a compensating Signal to Noise Ratio Margin for lines affected by that kind of noise is proposed, so that the noise effect can be mitigated. That value for SNR Margin is calculated in order to be just enough for the mitigation, so that there is no need to increase arbitrarily the protection and consequently decrease the data rate. The technique does not increase the INP value -which would increase delayand that characteristic can benefit delay-sensible applications. Finally, for validating the research, an ADSL2+ testbed, with real standard-compliant modems communicating through a line emulator, is then used to test both the model and the mitigation technique based on it. The results show good accuracy of the predictions made and lead directly to related future work.
Culture as art: from practice to spectacle in indonesia

Etude de l'esthetisation des pratiques culturelles traditionnelles, comme la danse, en Indonesie. La signification de la tradition, adat, s'est transformee et son sens religieux profond se perd au profit de la diversite de ses manifestations (Enquete realisee a Sulawesi).
Evidence for a rotational velocity field about the white dwarf of V347 Puppis

We present time-resolved optical spectroscopy of the deeply eclipsing nova-like binary V347 Pup, which provides evidence for a rotational velocity field in the low-excitation lines, as expected from accretion disc emission. The low-excitation line profiles are a composite of the disc and the irradiated inner-face of the donor star. This picture is remarkably simple compared to the other members of the eclipsing nova-like family. Unsatisfactory radial velocity solutions for the accreting object provided by standard methods encourage us to apply a technique developed to measure stellar motion from tomographic reconstructions of the time-dependent line profiles. We find some evidence for a spiral pattern over the disc and for disc-overflow accretion. If the emission distribution proves to be a long-term feature, V347 Pup will provide an opportunity to study disc kinematics with greater confidence than allowed by the other eclipsing nova-like objects.
Identifying the Causal Relationships of Appearance Management through an Analysis of One's Own Clothing and Wearing Experiences over a 10-day Period

The aim of the study was to quantify and explore the causal relationships of appearance management through an analysis of one's own clothing and wearing experience, namely clothing preference, personality factors, emotion and mood, newness, familiarity of one's own clothing, and social interaction. Explorative quantitative and qualitative research was carried out using a uniformly composed sample of 10 size 12 females. A personality questionnaire was completed a short while prior to the study. A 10 day 'wearing diary' was administered to record where and when outfits were worn. Two questionnaires were completed measure emotion and mood, prior to changing into clothing (a daily baseline), and when they were wearing or changed clothing (dynamic mood). Qualitative information was recorded and included their thoughts and feelings other than the questionnaires, along with photographs that were taken by participants. Preference, social and newness ratings for each outfit worn were recorded after the 10 day period. SPSS analysis identified relationships and linear regression analysis identified preference indicators. Thematic analysis identified 9 themes regarding the management of mood, personality and social factors when wearing one's own clothing. The results indicated strong relationships between emotion, mood, personality and preference and how much newness and different levels of social interaction influence these factors. Participants tended to match their mood and personality with their clothing choices but in some cases also compensated. This research recognises the value of consumer psychological processes involved in appearance management, and has implications for further research into product involvement, post-purchase behaviour and retail strategies for personal shoppers.
Model Predictive Control of Sewer Networks

The developments in solutions for management of urban drainage are of vital importance, as the amount of sewer water from urban areas continues to increase due to the increase of the world’s population and the change in the climate conditions. How a sewer network is structured, monitored and controlled have thus become essential factors for effcient performance of waste water treatment plants. This paper examines methods for simplified modelling and controlling a sewer network. A practical approach to the problem is used by analysing simplified design model, which is based on the Barcelona benchmark model. Due to the inherent constraints the applied approach is based on Model Predictive Control.
Timing Analysis of Parallel Software Applications for Multi-core Embedded Systems

Real-Time Embedded Systems (RTES) must be verified for their timing correctness where knowledge about the Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) is the building block of such verification. Traditionally, research on the WCET analysis of RTES assumes sequential code running on single-core platforms. However, as computation is steadily moving towards using a combination of parallel programming and multi-core hardware, new challenges in timing analysis, and especially in WCET analysis need to be addressed. Towards this direction, this paper presents the Timing Analysis tool for Parallel Embedded Software (TAPES). The proposed tool allows the WCET estimation of parallel applications running on multi-core hardware through a hybrid measurement-based analysis method, that combines the program flow and timing information into an Integer-Linear Programming problem to estimate the WCET. In addition, the TAPES tool allows the measurement of the longest end-to-end execution time by capturing the timing properties of the parallel executing threads using time-stamped execution traces of the program. The applicability of the proposed tool is demonstrated through the timing analysis of an embedded parallel benchmark suite – the ParMiBench. The results showed that the calculated WCET estimates have significantly less over-approximation compared to the measured WCET estimates. The comparison of the calculated and measured WCET estimates showed modest over-estimates.
Effect of seed rates and nitrogen levels on growth and fodder yield of sweet sorghum

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed rates and nitrogen level on green forage yield and fodder quality of sweet sorghum during rabi 2016 at ZARS, V. C. Farm Mandya. The soil was sandy loam in structure and medium in available N, P and K. The experiment consisted of three seed rates (50, 40 and 30 kg ha-1) and three levels of nitrogen (75 RDN, 100 RDN and 125% RDN) laid out in factorial randomised complete block design with three replications. Seed rate of 40 kg ha-1 recorded significantly higher green fodder yield (42.82 t ha-1), dry matter yield (6.18 t ha-1), crude protein yield (0.54 t ha-1) and crude fiber yield (1.90 t ha-1). Among nitrogen levels, application of 125% RDN ha-1 recorded significantly higher green fodder yield (45.85 t ha-1), dry matter yield (6.64 t ha-1), crude protein yield (0.63 t ha-1) and crude fibre yield (1.91 t ha-1). Hence, application of 125% of RDN enhances green forage yield and fodder quality of sweet sorghum.
Stochastic Search Model Selection for Restricted VAR Models

In this paper, we conduct Bayesian stochastic variable selection of Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models. We develop a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm that selects the elements of both VAR regression coecients matrix and error variance matrix. Numerical simulations show that stochastic search algorithm is quite eective in selecting the correct model in some cases and always results in better performance in forecast even when it does not succeed in selecting the correct model. We apply the method to examine VAR models of inflation transmission from Producer Price Index (PPI) of crude materials to PPI of finished goods and Consumer Price Index(CPI). We find that for the sample period from 1969 to 2003, the MLE and Bayesian estimates give dierent contemporaneous relationships of unexpected inflations in the identified VAR. Regarding