Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Precision Calculation of the Proportions of Water with δ2H and δ18O, the Cumulative Effect of Evaporation in the Vertical Direction and Depleted δ2H and δ18O of the Shallow Soil Water Caused by Evaporation

Exploring the water sources taken up by plants is necessary for ecological protection. The purpose of this study was to determine the exact proportions of different water sources absorbed by herbaceous plant species in the wetland of Poyang Lake in an inland humid region. This identified the water sources patterns in wetlands and provide Poyang Lake managers information about the lake water level needed to sustain vegetative life. We analysed the deuterium isotope composition (δ2H) and oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) values in the stem water of dominant herbaceous plant during its different growth stages to explore the proportions of water sources in different growth stages by using the Phillips equation, and the results supported the accuracy. The results indicate that the groundwater should not be lower than 0.13 m, otherwise the Carex cinerascens may not be able to absorb it. In previous studies, the lower slopes and intercepts of δ2H–δ18O were attributed to the secondary evaporation under the cloud, but we found that there is a cumulative evaporation effect in rainwater, soil water, and groundwater, which makes the slopes and the intercepts of δ2H–δ18O relationship lines become lower from top to bottom. In this study, the final effect of evaporation on the δ2H and δ18O values of shallow soil water is depleting the δ2H and δ18O values of shallow soil water, which is different from previous studies. The δ2H and δ18O values of groundwater varied little with changes of seasons and rainfalls. The δ2H–δ18O relationship lines established by various substances can also reflect the regulation of d-excess by large lakes through secondary sources.
Increasing Parenting Self-Efficacy Through a Community Partnership in Akron, Ohio

Background: The Nurturing Family Program (NFP) is a family-centered educational curriculum designed to equip parents with tools and techniques to support a nurturing relationship with their child. While there have been many evaluations of the NFP, no evaluations to date measure how the curriculum may influence parenting self-efficacy, how confident a caregiver feels about their ability to foster their child’s development and success, or parenting stress. Methods: This community-based interventional study used a convenience sample of families recruited from community agencies or within a pediatric medical center. Families with one or more children aged 0 to 5 years, premature infants or an infant discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and/or adolescent parents were invited to participate in NFP. Participants were recruited from community agencies that were most likely to work with populations meeting program eligibility criteria. The NFP was offered as in-home and community-based sessions. The primary outcome of interest was perceived parental self-efficacy, measured using the Tool to Measure Parenting Efficacy (TOPSE) at weeks 1, 5, and 10. The secondary outcome of interest was perceived level of stress, as measured by a visual analog scale each week. Results: Participants of community-based sessions (n=45) experienced a significant increase in parenting self-efficacy at week 10, compared to week 1 and week 5 (p <0.01). Overall, participants of the community-based sessions experienced an average increase of 17.7 points on the TOPSE scale (p =0.014). Across all participants (n=79), each session attended resulted in a modest, but significant, 3% reduction in stress (p =0.021). Conclusion: The NFP improved parental self -efficacy among participants of the community-based sessions and reduced perceived stress for all participants.
Study of Centrifugal Stiffening on the Free Vibrations and Dynamic Response of Offshore Wind Turbine Blades

Due to their large and increasing size and the corrosive nature of salt water and high wind speeds, offshore wind turbines are required to be more robust, more rugged and more reliable than their onshore counterparts. The dynamic characteristics of the blade and its response to applied forces may be influenced dramatically by rotor rotational speed, which may even threaten the stability of the wind turbine. An accurate and computationally efficient structural dynamics model is essential for offshore wind turbines. A comprehensive model that takes the centrifugal stiffening effect into consideration could make rapid and accurate decisions with live data sensed from the structure. Moreover, this can enhance both the performance and reliability of wind turbines. When a rotating blade deflects in its plane of rotation or perpendicular to it, the centrifugal force exerts an inertia force that increases the natural frequencies and changes the mode shapes, leading to changes in the dynamic response of the blade. However, in the previous literature, studies of centrifugal stiffening are rarely found. This study investigates the influence of centrifugal stiffening on the free vibrations and dynamic response of offshore wind turbine blades. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW blade benchmark was considered to study the effect of angular speed in the flap-wise and edge-wise directions. The results demonstrate that the angular speed directly affects the modal features, which directly impacts the dynamic response. The results also show that the angular velocity effect in the flap-wise direction is more significant than its effect in the edge-wise direction.
Rational Design of Lipase ROL to Increase Its Thermostability for Production of Structured Tags

1,3-regiospecific lipases are important enzymes that are heavily utilized in the food industries to produce structured triacylglycerols (TAGs). The Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL) has recently gained interest because this enzyme possesses high selectivity and catalytic efficiency. However, its low thermostability limits its use towards reactions that work at lower temperature. Most importantly, the enzyme cannot be used for the production of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO) and 1,3-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (SOS) due to the high melting points of the substrates used for the reaction. Despite various engineering efforts used to improve the thermostability of ROL, the enzyme is unable to function at temperatures above 60 °C. Here, we describe the rational design of ROL to identify variants that can retain their activity at temperatures higher than 60 °C. After two rounds of mutagenesis and screening, we were able to identify a mutant ROL_10x that can retain most of its activity at 70 °C. We further demonstrated that this mutant is useful for the synthesis of SOS while minimal product formation was observed with ROL_WT. Our engineered enzyme provides a promising solution for the industrial synthesis of structured lipids at high temperature.
Cytoprotective Activity of Newly Synthesized 3-(Arylmethylamino)-6-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridin-2(1H)-Ones Derivatives

Currently, studies are being conducted on the possible role of the cytoprotective effect of biologically active substances in conditions of cerebral hypoxia or cardiomyopathies. At the same time, oxidative stress is considered one of the important mechanisms of cellular cytotoxicity and a target for the action of cytoprotectors. The aim of this study is to search for derivatives of 3-(arylmethylamino)-6-methyl-4-phenylpyridin-2(1H)-ones. The probability of cytoprotective action was assessed by measuring cell viability using two tests (with neutral red dye and MTT test). It was found that some derivatives of 3-(arylmethylamino)-6-methyl-4-phenylpyridin-2(1H)-ones under the conditions of our experiment had a pronounced cytoprotective activity, providing better cell survival in vitro, including the MTT test and conditions of blood hyperviscosity. To correlate the obtained results in vitro, molecular docking of the synthesized derivatives was also carried out. The standard drug omeprazole (co-crystallized with the enzyme) was used as a standard. It was shown that all synthesized derivatives of 3-(arylmethylamino)-6-methyl-4-phenylpyridin-2(1H)-ones had higher affinity for the selected protein than the standard gastro-cytoprotector omeprazole. The studied derivatives of 3-(arylmethylamino)-6-methyl-4-phenylpyridin-2(1H)-ones also fully satisfy Lipinski’s rule of five (RO5), which increases their chances for possible use as orally active drugs with good absorption ability and moderate lipophilicity. Thus, the results obtained make it possible to evaluate derivatives of 3-(arylmethylamino)-6-methyl-4-phenylpyridin-2(1H)-ones as having a relatively high cytoprotective potential.
Dynamic Interday and Intraday Scheduling

Adaptive Patient Flow Management Appointment scheduling has significant clinical, operational, and economical impact on healthcare systems. An informed scheduling strategy that can effectively match patient demand and service capacity dynamically is vital for the business of medical providers, quality of care, and patient satisfaction. By regulating patient flow via an appointment system, healthcare providers can mitigate arrival process variability and improve operational performance. The simultaneous consideration of appointment day (interday scheduling) and time of day (intraday scheduling) in dynamic scheduling decisions is an important theoretical and practical problem that has remained open because of its stochastic nature, complex structure, and large dimensionality. Zacharias et al. (2022) fill this critical gap in the literature. They introduce a novel dynamic programming framework, designed with the intention of bridging two independently established streams of literature, and to leverage their latest advances in tackling the joint problem. They advance the theory of the field to provide a rigorous and practically implantable solution.
Prostate-Specific Antigen Doubling Time Kinetics following Radical Prostatectomy to Guide Need for Treatment Intervention: Validation of Low-Risk Recurrences

Simple Summary Biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy is concerning but does not accurately predict cancer progression or death. In our patients with a biochemical recurrence, we explore whether PSA doubling time kinetics can safely guide avoidance of treatment, preventing unwanted side effects and costs. In our study, initial PSADT and subsequent DT patterns were the only predictors of no need for treatment. Gleason grade group, pathological stage, preoperative PSA, and age were not significant predictors of treatment. Approximately one-third of BCRs observed in this cohort following RP were determined to be low-risk and able to be safely followed without treatment using PSADT kinetics, with a 100% cancer-specific survival after 7.6 years of follow-up. Abstract Biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP) has a limited ability to predict prostate cancer (PC) progression, leading to overtreatment, decreased quality of life, and additional expenses. Previously, we established that one-third of men with BCR in our group experienced low-risk recurrences that were safely observed without treatment. Our retrospective cohort analysis of 407 BCR patients post RP validates the use of PSA doubling time (DT) kinetics to direct active observation (AO) versus treatment following RP. The primary outcome was no need for treatment according to the predictive value of models of ROC analysis. The secondary outcome was PC-specific mortality (PCSM) according to Kaplan–Meier analysis. A total of 1864 men underwent RP (June 2002–September 2019); 407 experienced BCR (PSA > 0.2 ng/dL, ×2), with a median follow-up of 7.6 years. In adjusted regression analysis, initial PSADT > 12 months and increasing DT were significant predictors for AO (p < 0.001). This model (initial PSADT and DT change) was an excellent predictor of AO in ROC analysis (AUC = 0.83). No patients with initial PSADT > 12 months and increasing DT experienced PCSM. In conclusion, the combination of PSADT > 12 months and increasing DT was an excellent predictor of AO. This is the first demonstration that one-third of BCRs are at low risk of PCSM and can be managed without treatment via DT kinetics.
Treatment of Chronic Refractory Pain by Combined Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Cingulum and Sensory Thalamus (EMOPAIN Study): Rationale and Protocol of a Feasibility and Safety Study

Background: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the sensory thalamus has been proposed for 40 years to treat medically refractory neuropathic pain, but its efficacy remains partial and unpredictable. Recent pilot studies of DBS targeting the ACC, a brain region involved in the integration of the affective, emotional, and cognitive aspects of pain, may improve patients suffering from refractory chronic pain. ACC-DBS could be complementary to thalamic DBS to treat both the sensory-discriminative and the affective components of chronic pain, but the safety of combined DBS, especially on cognition and affects, has not been studied. Methods: We propose a prospective, randomized, double-blind, and bicentric study to evaluate the feasibility and safety of bilateral ACC-DBS combined with unilateral thalamic DBS in adult patients suffering from chronic unilateral neuropathic pain, refractory to medical treatment. After a study period of six months, there is a cross-over randomized phase to compare the efficacy (evaluated by pain intensity and quality of life) and safety (evaluated by repeated neurological examination, psychiatric assessment, cognitive assessment, and assessment of affective functions) of combined ACC-thalamic DBS and thalamic DBS only, respectively. Discussion: The EMOPAIN study will show if ACC-DBS is a safe and effective therapy for patients suffering from chronic unilateral neuropathic pain, refractory to medical treatment. The design of the study will, for the first time, assess the efficacy of ACC-DBS combined with thalamic DBS in a blinded way.
Clinical Outcome of Intraoperative Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Thoracoscopic Esophagectomy and Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection for Esophageal Cancer

Mediastinal lymph dissection in esophagectomy for patients with esophageal cancer is important. The dissection of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph nodes could cause RLN injury, vocal cord palsy, pneumonia, and respiratory failure. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of intraoperative RLN monitoring in esophagectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection in preventing RLN injury and vocal cord palsy. This study included 75 patients who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer with (38 patients) and without (37 patients) IONM at Changhua Christian Hospital from 2015 to 2020. The surgical and clinical outcomes were reviewed. Patients in the IONM group had more advanced clinical T status, shorter operation time (570 vs. 633 min, p = 0.007), and less blood loss (100 mL vs. 150 mL, p = 0.019). The IONM group had significantly less postoperative vocal palsy (10.5% vs. 37.8%, p = 0.006) and pneumonia (13.2% vs. 37.8%, p = 0.014) than that in the non-IONM group. IONM was an independent factor for less postoperative vocal cord palsy that was related to postoperative 2-year survival. This study demonstrated that IONM could reduce the incidence of postoperative vocal cord palsy and pneumonia.
When Do Discourse Markers Affect Computational Sentence Understanding?

The capabilities and use cases of automatic natural language processing (NLP) have grown significantly over the last few years. While much work has been devoted to understanding how humans deal with discourse connectives, this phenomenon is understudied in computational systems. Therefore, it is important to put NLP models under the microscope and examine whether they can adequately comprehend, process, and reason within the complexity of natural language. In this chapter, we introduce the main mechanisms behind automatic sentence processing systems step by step and then focus on evaluating discourse connective processing. We assess nine popular systems in their ability to understand English discourse connectives and analyze how context and language understanding tasks affect their connective comprehension. The results show that NLP systems do not process all discourse connectives equally well and that the computational processing complexity of different connective kinds is not always consistently in line with the presumed complexity order found in human processing. In addition, while humans are more inclined to be influenced during the reading procedure but not necessarily in the final comprehension performance, discourse connectives have a significant impact on the final accuracy of NLP systems. The richer knowledge of connectives a system learns, the more negative effect inappropriate connectives have on it. This suggests that the correct explicitation of discourse connectives is important for computational natural language processing.
Risk Factor Analysis Of Nurse’s Depression Level Using The Beck Depression Inventory Method In The Isolation Room For Covid-19 Patients Royal Prima Medan In 2022

This Corona Virus has been named SARS-CoV 2 and this virus moves from human to human through direct contact and has symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Nurses can experience psychological disorders in the form of depression because they are directly involved in treating Covid-19 patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factors (working time, risk of exposure, workload, stigma, and social support) on the level of depression of nurses using the Beck Depression Inventory method in the isolation room for Covid-19 patients at Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2022. The type of research used is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach with primary and secondary data collection in February - March 2022. The number of research samples is 95 nurses who work in the Covid-19 isolation room. The data were analyzed univariately to see a descriptive picture, bivariate using the product-moment test, and multivariate by using the multiple logistic regression test. The results of this study are; based on age the most in the age group 20-30 years (93.7%), gender, dominated by women (73.7%). Based on education, it was found nurses with a Diploma education (75.8%), work 1-2 years (50.5%). Based on marital status, predominately single (76%). In the bivariate analysis, there was a relationship between risk factors and the level of depression of nurses in the Covid-19 isolation room at Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2022. In the multivariate analysis, working time (0.007), risk of exposure (0.003), workload (0.002), stigma (0.024) ), and social support (0.012). The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of risk factors on the level of depression of nurses in the Covid-19 isolation room at Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2022.
A Plasmid-Based Fluorescence Reporter System for Monitoring Oxidative Damage in E. coli

Quantitating intracellular oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is of interest in many fields of biological research. The current systems primarily rely on supplemented oxygen-sensitive substrates that penetrate the target cells, and react with ROS to produce signals that can be monitored with spectroscopic or imaging techniques. The objective here was to design a new non-invasive analytical strategy for measuring ROS-induced damage inside living cells by taking advantage of the native redox sensor system of E. coli. The developed plasmid-based sensor relies on an oxygen-sensitive transcriptional repressor IscR that controls the expression of a fluorescent marker in vivo. The system was shown to quantitatively respond to oxidative stress induced by supplemented H2O2 and lowered cultivation temperatures. Comparative analysis with fluorescence microscopy further demonstrated that the specificity of the reporter system was equivalent to the commercial chemical probe (CellROX). The strategy introduced here is not dependent on chemical probes, but instead uses a fluorescent expression system to detect enzyme-level oxidative damage in microbial cells. This provides a cheap and simple means for analysing enzyme-level oxidative damage in a biological context in E. coli.
A Practical Approach for Core Loss Estimation of a High-Current Gapped Inductor in PWM Converters With a User-Friendly Loss Map

Core loss estimation of filter inductors is increasingly important for modeling and optimizing high-frequency, high-efficiency, and high-density pulsewidth modulation (PWM) power electronic converters. However, data provided by inductor core manufacturers are insufficient for core loss estimation in PWM converters, particularly in the case of customized gapped inductors. This paper presents a whole process of characterizing and estimating the core loss of a customized high-current gapped inductor for PWM converters. To excite the inductor for the B–H loop measurement, a test circuit formed by a half-bridge structure is proposed, which has the ability to compensate the asymmetric rectangular voltage on the inductor caused by the device voltage drops. To overcome the other challenges raised by a high excitation current, a refined discontinuous test procedure, triple pulse test, is proposed to reduce the requirements of the high-current test setup (thermal stress, current–time stress for current probes, capacity of dc sources, etc.). For practical purposes, a user-friendly loss map approach is proposed involving only time-domain and electrical variables to replace magnetic variables to enable the straightforward loss mapping process and core loss calculations. Presented experimental results show consistency between the estimated inductor loss and measured values. Overall, the proposed testing approach can be easily implemented on the user's side to develop a loss map of a given inductor. The established core loss map enables the users to accurately and rapidly estimate the core loss of a tested inductor for given PWM waveforms.
Translated Emission Pathways (TEPs): Long‐Term Simulations of COVID‐19 CO2 Emissions and Thermosteric Sea Level Rise Projections

Within the scientific community, climate models have been established to relate long‐term emission scenarios to their respective environmental response. Although data at high resolutions can be obtained, this research framework is often computationally complex and offers limited readability for the general public. With the COVID‐19 pandemic bringing forth a new sense of lifestyle and reduced human activity, the CO2 emission data related to this global event can be used to illustrate the context of climate science to a broader audience. This study proposes a series of translated emission pathways (TEPs) that consist of CO2 emission patterns from the various phases of COVID‐19 response and demonstrate a resemblance to the forcing scenarios utilized within climate research. A simple climate model and radiative forcing expression are used to parameterize the CO2 emission data from the TEPs to its respective atmospheric conditions. Thermosteric sea level rise is used as a metric of environmental impact to highlight the differences between the TEPs. By referencing the COVID‐19 pandemic and establishing a linear research framework, this study introduces climate research to the general public and serves as a call to action for environmental responsibility.