Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toraks Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Koroner Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Anjiografide Atriyum ve Ventrikül Ölçümlerin Uyumluluğunun Değerlendirilmesi

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the consistency of the measurements of diameter and area of cardiac chambers in coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT) images. Materials and Methods: 30 patients who underwent thoracic CT and coronary CTA over a 6-month period between August 2016 and August 2019 were included in the study. Maximum left atrium area, anteroposterior and transverse left atrium diameter, right atrium transverse diameter, right and left ventricular transverse diameters were measured by two observers. Inter-observer and intra-observer Contrast-enhanced thoracic CT and coronary CTA measurements of the cardiac chambers were found to be perfectly compatible. Both left atrial axial area and AP diameter were evaluated on coronary CTA images and contrast-enhanced thoracic CT with excellent reproducibility. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the measurement of diameter and area of the cardiac chambers in thoracic CT and coronary CTA and comparing them with each other. Thoracic CT, with its high reproducibility, could be a useful tool in evaluation of cardiac chambers.
Factors Influencing Consumers’ Participation in Social Commerce

ABSTRACT Social networking websites are enjoying widespread usage throughout the world. Its applications are playing a significant role in marketing by allowing users to share information about products and services such as reviews, opinions, and even purchasing behavior with their network of friends and family. These social networks provide new opportunities to communicate with existing customers and attract new customers through the social networks of individuals. Despite its popularity, not all consumers are ready to embrace it. This study aims at examining the factors that influence consumers to engage in social commerce. The research findings contribute to consumer behavior theory by revealing factors that can encourage consumers to participate in social commerce. Results from this study should help online merchants better understand how to effectively reach online consumers through social commerce.
Proof Optimization-based Full Body Control for the DARPA

We describe our full body humanoid control approach developed for the simulation phase of the DARPA Robotics Challenge (DRC), as well as the modifications made for the DARPA Robotics Challenge Trials. We worked with the Boston Dynamics Atlas robot. Our approach was initially targeted at walking, and it consisted of two levels of optimization: a high-level trajectory optimizer that reasons about center of mass and swing foot trajectories, and a low-level controller that tracks those trajectories by solving floating base full body inverse dynamics using quadratic programming. This controller is capable of walking on rough terrain, and it also achieves long footsteps, fast walking speeds, and heel-strike and toe-off in simulation. During development of these and other whole body tasks on the physical robot, we introduced an additional optimization component in the low-level controller, namely an inverse kinematics controller. Modeling and torque measurement errors and hardware features of the Atlas robot led us to this three-part approach, which was applied to three tasks in the DRC Trials in December 2013. C © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimization of Exposure Region-based Beamforming with a Uniform Circular

This paper investigates the impact of a uniform circular array (UCA) in the context of wireless security via exposure region (ER)-based beamforming. An improvement is demonstrated for the security metric proposed in our previous work, namely, the spatial secrecy outage probability (SSOP), by optimizing the configuration of the UCA. Our previous work focused on formalizing the SSOP concept and exploring its applicability using a uniform linear array example. This paper proposes the UCA as a superior candidate because it is more robust against the effects of mutual coupling. The UCA’s SSOP configuration is explored and a special expression is derived from the general expression for the first time, and a closedform upper bound is then generated to facilitate analysis. By carefully designing the UCA structure particularly the radius, an SSOP optimization algorithm is derived and explored for mutual coupling. It is shown that the information leakage to eavesdroppers is reduced while the legitimate user’s received signal quality is enhanced due to the use of beamforming.
Dynamic Sensitivity Analyses of Projectile Muzzle Velocities

To decrease uncertainties of projectile muzzle velocities is one of important ways to improve gun firing accuracy. In order to solve the problem above, the influences on the uncertainties of projectile muzzle velocities should be calculated, which are caused by the variations of artillery structure parameters, but there is no effective method. We will provide a valid solution in this paper, taking a wheeled self-propelled gun for example. Firstly test scheme is designed and computed in inter-outer array. Subsequently the influences of barrel and projectile’s parameters on the fluctuations and means of projectile muzzle velocities are discussed based on experimental results. Then in the next analysis their contribution rates to the fluctuations and means of projectile muzzle velocities are calculated and these parameters are classified further to improve gun firing accuracy better. At last, test scheme and results are proved to be reasonable and feasible.
SARS-CoV-2 encephalitis is a cytokine release syndrome: evidences from cerebrospinal fluid analyses

Abstract Background Recent findings indicated that SARS-CoV-2 related neurological manifestations involve cytokine release syndrome along with endothelial activation, blood brain barrier dysfunction, and immune‐mediated mechanisms. Very few studies have fully investigated the CSF correlates of SARS-CoV-2 encephalitis. Methods Patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and encephalitis (COV-Enc), encephalitis without SARS-CoV-2 infection (ENC) and healthy controls (HC) underwent an extended panel of CSF neuronal (NfL, T-tau), glial (GFAP, TREM2, YKL-40) and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-6, Il-8, TNF- α, CXCL-13 and β2-microglobulin). Results Thirteen COV-Enc, 21 ENC and 18 HC entered the study. In COV-Enc cases, CSF was negative for SARS-CoV-2 real-time PCR but exhibited increased IL-8 levels independently from presence of pleocytosis/hyperproteinorracchia. COV-Enc patients showed increased IL-6, TNF- α, and β2-microglobulin and glial markers (GFAP, sTREM-2, YKL-40) levels similar to ENC but normal CXCL13 levels. Neuronal markers NfL and T-Tau were abnormal only in severe cases. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2-related encephalitis were associated with prominent glial activation and neuroinflammatory markers, whereas neuronal markers were increased in severe cases only. The pattern of CSF alterations suggested a cytokine-release syndrome as the main inflammatory mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 related encephalitis.
Effect of different syngas compositions on the combustion characteristics and emission of a model combustor

There is a growing need to design fuel flexible combustors. This require understanding of the combustion and emission characteristics of the combustors under varying fuel compositions. In the present study, the combustion characteristics and emission of methane and syngas flames were investigated numerically in a swirl stabilized combustor. The numerical model was developed using ANSYS-fluent software and validated using experimental values of temperature, CO2 and NOx emissions. A two-step chemical mechanism was used to model methane-air combustion. Results of the numerical validation showed similar trend between the experimental and predicted temperature along the combustor axis with about 5 % over prediction of the temperature. Syngas-air combustion was thereafter modeled using a 21 step chemical mechanism. Syngas compositions studied were: syngas A (67% CO: 33% H2), syngas B (50% CO: 50% H2) and syngas C (33% CO: 67% H2). Results showed that for pure methane, a V-shaped flame was observed with the flame attached to the fuel nozzle, while a lifted flame was observed for case of syngas A composition. CO gas with higher ignition temperature and flammability as compared to H2 gas is the dominant gas in syngas A fuel composition. Jet flames were observed for syngas B and syngas C. Carbon monoxide is a slow burning gas. Therefore syngas with low CO content has a low tendency of emission of CO from the combustor. This suggests that syngas with high CO content such syngas A may require more residence time to completely combust the CO gas. The NOx emission was observed to have the same trend as that of the combustor maximum temperature. Syngas C flame had the highest NOx emission, while, syngas A flame had no NOx emission. This is due to low combustor temperature observed in the case of syngas A flame. Keywords: Syngas, ANSYS-FLUENT, Swirl-stabilized combustor, NOx emission, Chemical Mechanism
Paternal age affects offspring via an epigenetic mechanism involving REST/NRSF

Advanced paternal age can have deleterious effects on various traits in the next generation. Here, we establish a paternal‐aging model in mice to understand the molecular mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetics. Whole‐genome target DNA methylome analyses of sperm from aged mice reveal more hypo‐methylated genomic regions enriched in REST/NRSF binding motifs. Gene set enrichment analyses also reveal the upregulation of REST/NRSF target genes in the forebrain of embryos from aged fathers. Offspring derived from young mice administrated with a DNA de‐methylation drug phenocopy the abnormal vocal communication of pups derived from aged fathers. In conclusion, hypo‐methylation of sperm DNA can be a key molecular feature modulating neurodevelopmental programs in offspring by causing fluctuations in the expression of REST/NRSF target genes.
Inactivation of Prions by Low-Temperature Sterilization Technology Using Vaporized Gas Derived from a Hydrogen Peroxide–Peracetic Acid Mixture

Prion diseases are proteopathies that cause neurodegenerative disorders in humans and animals. Prion is highly resistant to both chemical and physical inactivation. Here, vaporized gas derived from a hydrogen peroxide–peracetic acid mixture (VHPPA) was evaluated for its ability to inactivate prion using a STERIACE 100 instrument (Saraya Co., Ltd.). Brain homogenates of scrapie (Chandler strain) prion-infected mice were placed on a cover glass, air-dried, sealed in a Tyvek package, and subjected to VHPPA treatment at 50–55 °C using 8% hydrogen peroxide and <10% peracetic acid for 47 min (standard mode, SD) or 30 min (quick mode, QC). Untreated control samples were prepared in the same way but without VHPPA. The resulting samples were treated with proteinase K (PK) to separate PK-resistant prion protein (PrPres), as a marker of the abnormal isoform (PrPSc). Immunoblotting showed that PrPres was reduced by both SD and QC VHPPA treatments. PrPres bands were detected after protein misfolding cyclic amplification of control but not VHPPA-treated samples. In mice injected with prion samples, VHPPA treatment of prion significantly prolonged survival relative to untreated samples, suggesting that it decreases prion infectivity. Taken together, the results show that VHPPA inactivates prions and might be applied to the sterilization of contaminated heat-sensitive medical devices.
Reconstruction algorithms of an inverse conductive scattering problem for the Helmholtz equation

ABSTRACT In this paper, we consider an inverse conductive scattering problem for the Helmholtz equation from measurements on the outer boundary. We want to seek reconstruction algorithms to detect the number, location, size and shape of inhomogeneities within a body. This problem is nonlinear and ill-posed, thus we should consider regularization techniques in order to improve the corresponding approximation. We examine the viability of our proposed reconstruction algorithms through the use of numerical experiments.
Syddansk Universitet Prevalence and pattern of co-occurringmusculoskeletal pain and its associationwith back-related disability among peoplewith persistent low back pain : protocol fora systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Individuals with persistent low back pain commonly have a broad range of other health concerns including co-occurring musculoskeletal pain, which significantly affect their quality of life, symptom severity, and treatment outcomes. The purpose of this review is to get a better understanding of prevalence and patterns of co-occurring musculoskeletal pain complaints in those with persistent low back pain and its potential association with age, sex, and back-related disability as it might affect prognosis and management. Methods: This systematic review protocol has been designed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols. We will perform a comprehensive search, with no date limit, in the following bibliographic databases: MEDLINE and Embase (via Ovid), CINAHL, and Scopus for citation tracking, based on the following domains: back pain, co-occurring musculoskeletal pain, combined with a focus group that emphasizes study design. Appropriate papers will be screened against the eligibility criteria by three reviewers independently, data extracted by two independent author pairs and disagreement resolved by consensus meetings or other reviewers if required. Assessment of methodological quality and risk of bias will be conducted using a modified version of the Risk of Bias Tool for Prevalence Studies developed by Hoy and colleagues. The overall risk of bias will be determined for each included study based on the raters’ consensus of the responses to the items in this tool. In case of sufficiently homogenous studies, meta-analysis will be performed. Discussion: Given the lack of standard terms used to define co-occurring musculoskeletal pain, the search strategy will include the broader term “back pain,” different terms for the “other co-occurring pain,” and specific study designs combined with several exclusion terms. The results of this proposed review will identify the prevalence and patterns of co-occurring musculoskeletal pain among those with persistent low back pain, which is likely to inform clinical management, research, and policy in management of musculoskeletal disorders. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42017068807
Visual Exploration of 3 D Geospatial Networks in a Virtual Reality Environment

School of Computer Software, Tianjin University, Peiyang Park Campus: No.135 Yaguan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China Department of Computer Science, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA Faculty of Information Technology, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, P.R. China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Rd, Gulou Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, JinZhai Road Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China Corresponding author: jie.li@tju.edu. cn
Screening For Bone Marrow Cellularity Changes in Cynomolgus Macaques in Toxicology Safety Studies Using Artificial Intelligence Models

Many compounds affect the cellularity of hematolymphoid organs including bone marrow. Toxicologic pathologists are tasked with their evaluation as part of safety studies. An artificial intelligence (AI) tool could provide diagnostic support for the pathologist. We looked at the ability of a deep-learning AI model to evaluate whole slide images of macaque sternebrae to identify and enumerate bone marrow hematopoietic cells. The AI model was trained and able to differentiate the hematopoietic cells from the other sternebrae tissues. We compared the model to severity scores in a study with decreased hematopoietic cellularity. The mean cells/mm2 from the model was lower for each increase in severity score. The AI model was trained by 1 pathologist, providing proof of concept that AI model generation can be fast and agile, without the need of a cross disciplinary team and significant effort. We see great potential for the role of AI-based bone marrow screening.
Generalized Conditional Gradient with Augmented Lagrangian for Composite Minimization

In this paper we propose a splitting scheme which hybridizes generalized conditional gradient with a proximal step which we call CGALP algorithm, for minimizing the sum of three proper convex and lower-semicontinuous functions in real Hilbert spaces. The minimization is subject to an affine constraint, that allows in particular to deal with composite problems (sum of more than three functions) in a separate way by the usual product space technique. While classical conditional gradient methods require Lipschitz-continuity of the gradient of the differentiable part of the objective, CGALP needs only differentiability (on an appropriate subset), hence circumventing the intricate question of Lipschitz continuity of gradients. For the two remaining functions in the objective, we do not require any additional regularity assumption. The second function, possibly nonsmooth, is assumed simple, i.e., the associated proximal mapping is easily computable. For the third function, again nonsmooth, we just assume that its domain is also bounded and that a linearly perturbed minimization oracle is accessible. In particular, this last function can be chosen to be the indicator of a nonempty bounded closed convex set, in order to deal with additional constraints. Finally, the affine constraint is addressed by the augmented Lagrangian approach. Our analysis is carried out for a wide choice of algorithm parameters satisfying so called "open loop" rules. As main results, under mild conditions, we show asymptotic feasibility with respect to the affine constraint, boundedness of the dual multipliers, and convergence of the Lagrangian values to the saddle-point optimal value. We also provide (subsequential) rates of convergence for both the feasibility gap and the Lagrangian values.
Development and Evaluation of an Adaptive Multi-DOF Finger with Mechanical-Sensor Integrated for Prosthetic Hand

To realize the adaptive grasping of objects with diverse shapes and to capture the joint angles of the finger, a multi degree of freedom (DOF) adaptive finger for prosthetic hand is proposed in this paper. The fingers are designed with three joints. The maximum rotation angle of the finger joints is 90°. The angle at which the finger joints bend can be captured. Firstly, the prototype design, forward kinematics and force analysis of phalanges are described in detail. In order to achieve an adaptive motion pattern similar to that of the human hand, this paper investigates the optimization of the torsion spring stiffness coefficient so that the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints, and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the bionic finger meet a motion ratio of approximately 3:3:1. Then, in order to realize the joint angle measurement in the process of grasping an object, the mechanical-sensor integrated finger joint is designed, and the composition, angle measurement principle and measurement circuit are introduced in detail. Finally, joint angle measurement, movement law evaluation and object grasping experiments are performed to verify the validity of the designed finger. The experimental results show that the root-mean-square (RMS) of the DIP, PIP and MCP angle measurement errors are 0.36°, 0.59° and 0.32°, respectively. The designed finger is able to grasp objects with different shapes stably.
Recent Insights into Therapy Resistance in Osteosarcoma

Simple Summary Osteosarcoma is the most common cancer of the bone for children and adolescents. Although chemotherapy regimens have been widely available and effective for many patients for decades, there have been few reliable options available when these standard regimens fail to adequately cure the disease. This suggests internal resistance mechanisms that allow the tumor cells to survive. Here, we review many of the recent studies that have provided new insights into understanding and overcoming chemo- and radioresistance in osteosarcoma. Abstract Osteosarcoma, the most common bone malignancy of childhood, has been a challenge to treat and cure. Standard chemotherapy regimens work well for many patients, but there remain minimal options for patients with progressive or resistant disease, as clinical trials over recent decades have failed to significantly improve survival. A better understanding of therapy resistance is necessary to improve current treatments and design new strategies for future treatment options. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms and recent scientific advancements regarding osteosarcoma and its patterns of resistance against chemotherapy, radiation, and other newly-introduced therapeutics.
A Regional Climatography of West Nile, Uganda, to Support Human Plague Modeling

AbstractThe West Nile region in northwestern Uganda is a focal point for human plague, which peaks in boreal autumn and is spread by fleas that travel on rodent hosts. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is collaborating with the National Center for Atmospheric Research to quantitatively address the linkages between climate and human plague in this region. The aim of this paper is to advance knowledge of the climatic conditions required to maintain enzootic cycles and to trigger epizootic cycles and ultimately to target limited surveillance, prevention, and control resources. A hybrid dynamical–statistical downscaling technique was applied to simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) to generate a multiyear 2-km climate dataset for modeling plague in the West Nile region. The resulting dataset resolves the spatial variability and annual cycle of temperature, humidity, and rainfall in West Nile relative to satellite-based and in situ records. Topography exerts a firs.
The Influence of Parent Sport Behaviours on Children's Development: Youth Coach and Administrator Perspectives

There has been much literature and anecdotal accounts reporting poor parental behaviours in the youth sporting context. Youth coaches and administrators, who regularly interact with parents within the youth sporting domain, are potentially a key source for investigating the influence of parents' sport-related behaviours on youths' sporting experiences. Nevertheless, the voice of coaches and administrators has been limited. In this study, the authors sought to develop an understanding of youth sport coaches' and administrators' perspectives of parent sport behaviours' influence on children's development across various sport settings. Additionally, the authors explored participant awareness of and their perspectives of efficacy in relation to current parent education programs in Australia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve youth sport coaches and administrators (eight coaches, four administrators; eight males, four females) with an average of nine years experience. Coaches and administrators reported considerably more frequent negative interactions with parents than positive interactions. Participants also reported more negative observations of parent-child communications than positive observations. Four participants reported exposure to parent education efforts but all perceived these approaches to be inadequate. Recommendations, practical implications, and future avenues of research are discussed.