Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Monocytes-targeted Nanocarriers Biodistribution in Leukocytes in Ex-vivo and In-vivo Models

Aims: On intravenous administration, unprotected nanocarriers are rapidly captured by the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). This has been exploited for passive targeting of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for depleting circulating monocytes and macrophages for the treatment of various disorders. However, the extent of nanocarriers biodistribution among leukocytes, has not been characterized. The aim of this work was to examine the biodistribution of monocyte-targeted nanoparticles and liposomes in leukocytes. Materials & Methods: Fluorescently-labeled large negative liposomes (LN-LIP, 130±33 nm, -25.2±6.3 mv), large negative NP (LN-NP, 133±40 nm, -40±8 mv), large positive NP (LP-NP, 121±36 nm, +62±9 mv), and small negative NP (SN-NP, 85±26 nm, 15±2 mv) were formulated. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) was utilized to determine internalization in rabbit's blood both ex-vivo and in-vivo. Results & Conclusions: Monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes internalized the NP. SN-NP exhibited the highest selectivity towards monocytes. Granulocytes preferentially internalized LN-LIP in comparison to all polymeric NP formulations. NP charge had no effect on their engulfment by granulocytes, while NP size was found to be an important factor as granulocytes showed preference towards large NP formulations (LN-NP and LP-NP). Lymphocytes preferentially internalized large negatively charged formulations (LN-LIP and -NP). The ex-vivo results failed to predict in-vivo results. Formulations targeted to monocytes distribute into other leukocytes as well, which should be determined in-vivo.
The separation of diastereoisomers by gas-liquid chromatography

The preparation and the gas chromatographic behaviour of several series of diastereoisomeric compounds is described. Th~ series are the following: (1) Alkyl lactates, {2) Afkyl a-alkanoyloxypropionates, (3) Dialkyl esters of 2,3~butanediol, {4) Di~(haloacetic) esters of 2 1 3-butanediol and (5) a,f3-Diols. Chromatography was performed at various temperatures and a variety of stationary phases wa.s used. Capillary columns were used for chromatography of series 1 and 2 whereas packed columns were used for series 3 to 5. It was found that for all of the above series nearly all of th~ compounds could be separated into diastereoisomers. The separability was found to be a function of the chemical structure of the compounds, of the polarity of the stationary phases and of the temperature at which chromatography was performed. Under appropriate conditions nearly all of the abo~ ·compounds could be fully or partially separated into diastereoisomers. The only exception encountered was that of 2,3-di~(trichloroacetoxy) butane which could not be even partially separated into diastereoisorners on any column under any conditions. The order of elution of the separable diastereoisomers of all the compounds of series 2 to 5 was established. For th~ a -alkanoyloxypropionates, the diastereoisomers prepared from acid and alcohol both having thesame conventional symbol of configuration were always eluted before the corresponding diastereoisomers of alternative configurations. For the diesters of 2,3-butanediol tbe ~isomers were always eluted before the corresponding racemic isomers. For the a ,(3 ~diols the racemic isomers were always eluted before the corresponding ~ isomers. The order of elution of all the compounds in series 2 to 5 could be explained in terms of appropriate mechanisms of separation.
Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Black-spotted Pond Frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) Distributed in South Korean River Basins

Introduction The objective of this study was to analyze the genotype of black-spotted pond frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) using seven microsatellite loci to quantify its genetic diversity and population structure throughout the spatial scale of basins of Han, Geum, Yeongsan, and Nakdong Rivers in South Korea. Genetic diversities in these four areas were compared using diversity index and inbreeding coefficient obtained from the number and frequency of alleles as well as heterozygosity. Additionally, the population structure was confirmed with population differentiation, Nei’s genetic distance, multivariate analysis, and Bayesian clustering analysis. Interestingly, a negative genetic diversity pattern was observed in the Han River basin, indicating possible recent habitat disturbances or population declines. In contrast, a positive genetic diversity pattern was found for the population in the Nakdong River basin that had remained the most stable. Results of population structure suggested that populations of black-spotted pond frogs distributed in these four river basins were genetically independent. In particular, the population of the Nakdong River basin had the greatest genetic distance, indicating that it might have originated from an independent population. These results support the use of genetics in addition to designations strictly based on geographic stream areas to define the spatial scale of populations for management and conservation
Effect of Super absorbent polymer on workability, strength and durability of Self consolidating concrete

This study presents the effect of super absorbent polymer (SAP) as internal curing agent on workability, durability and compressive strength of self-consolidating concrete (SCC). In order to estimate the internal curing efficiency of SAP in different curing conditions and curing ages, compressive strength and electrical resistivity tests have been performed. Homogenous and denser microstructure was formed by gradual release of water from SAP into pores created by SAP. Further pozzolanic reaction of fly ash has enhanced the strength and durability properties. High desorption rate of water from SAP in air curing condition resulted in an increased electrical resistivity and compressive strength. Compressive strength of internal cured SCC mixtures increased to 15-25% at 7 days and 10-19% at 28 days. Electrical resistivity values were increased 11-30% in water curing condition and 16-53% in air curing condition. The costs for 0.35w/b and 0.40 w/b at optimum internal cured SCC mixtures compared to control SCC mixtures were reduced to 9.39 and 9.70%, respectively.
Robustness in Green Security: Minimax Regret Optimality with Reinforcement Learning

Green security domains feature defenders who plan patrols in the face of uncertainty about the adversarial behavior of poachers, illegal loggers, and illegal fishers. Importantly, the deterrence effect of patrols on adversaries’ future behavior makes patrol planning a sequential decision-making problem. Therefore, we focus on robust sequential patrol planning for green security following the minimax regret criterion, which has not been considered in the literature. We formulate the problem as a game between the defender and nature who controls the parameter values of the adversarial behavior and design an algorithm MIRROR to find a robust policy. MIRROR uses two reinforcement learning–based oracles and solves a restricted game considering limited defender strategies and parameter values. We evaluate MIRROR on real-world poaching data.
Retrievals of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle concentration profiles with ground-based polarization lidar and sun photometer over a central China megacity

Abstract. The POLIPHON (Polarization Lidar Photometer Networking) method is a powerful pathway to retrieve the height profiles of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particles (INP) concentrations. The conversion factors fitted from the sun photometer observation data are the major part of the POLIPHON computations, which can convert the polarization-lidar-derived dust extinction coefficients into the dust-related particle mass and INP concentrations. For a central China megacity Wuhan (30.5° N, 114.4° E), located at the downstream area several thousands of kilometers far away from the source regions of Asian dust, dust particles always mix with other aerosols from local emission. Therefore, very few dust case data sets can be available when using the column-integrated Angstrom exponent (for 440–870 nm) 0.1 recorded by sun photometer as the filtering criteria. Instead, we present another dust-case data-set screening scheme that applies the simultaneous polarization lidar observation to verify the occurrence of dust. Based on the 33 dust-intrusion days identified during 2011–2013, the extinction-to-volume (cv,d) and extinction-to-large particle (with radius > 250 nm) number concentration (c250,d) conversion factors are determined to be 0.52 × 10−12 Mm m3 m−3 and 0.11 Mm cm−3, respectively. They are both smaller than those observed at Lanzhou SACOL (36.0° N, 104.1° E), a site closer to the Gobi Desert, due to the partial dust sedimentation during transport. The conversion factors are applied in a dust event in Wuhan to reveal the typical dust-related INP concentration over East Asia city. The proposed dust-case data-set screening scheme may potentially be extended to the other polluted city sites more influenced by mixed dust.
ANTECEDENTS OF MILLENNIALS’ SERVICE USAGE INTENTION: ONLINE GROCERY SERVICE IN INDONESIA

Manuscript type: Research Article Research Aims: The research aims to fill in the gap in the existing literature on the usage intention of online grocery shopping in Indonesia. Further, the study intends to examine the influence of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use to intention to use. Design/methodology/approach: The study was performed on 217 millennial respondents in the are of Jakarta and Greater Jakarta. Further, data results were analyzed using Structural Modelling Equation (SEM), specifically Partial Least Squared method with Smart PLS 3.2. 8 software. Research Findings: Further, the research found that enjoyment is the predictor to perceived ease of use; while insignificant to perceived usefulness. E-WOM, perceived web quality and perceived ease of use are key predictors to perceived usefulness; while subjective norm, visibility, perceived risk, and trust are not the influencing factors. E-WOM and perceived web quality are predictors to trust; while trust is not significantly related to perceived usefulness. Moreover perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness to have an influence on the intention to use online grocery service. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Numerous previous studies had indicated factors of subjective norm, perceived enjoyment, visibility, perceived risk (Driediger and Bhatiasevi, 2019) and trust (Alalwan et. al, 2015) as factors that influence consumers’ acceptance in terms of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. In relation with trust, perceived web quality and e-WOM (Al-debei. et. al, 2015) was found to increase the perception of trust that lead to perceived usefulness of online shopping. Practitioner/Policy Implication: Due to differences in the cultural, social, and demographic background of users, results are inapplicable to subjects in other countries. Further, online shopping platforms have various different business models and therefore results cannot be generalized into one. Research limitation/Implications: Explore the ground standard model and characteristics of various online grocery retailers.
Serum lnc-DC and SOCS1 can be used as potential indicators for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum lnc-DC and SOCS1 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A total of 130 SLE patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, were selected as SLE group, which were divided into active phase (n=78) and stationary phase (n=52). Meanwhile, 125 healthy persons who underwent physical examination at the same time were selected as control group (CG), and their clinical related indexes (C-reactive protein (CRP), complement C3, C4, anti-ds-DNA antibody (Anti-ds-DNA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), ESR, activity index (SLEDAI) score of systemic lupus erythematosus and correlation were detected. The serum lnc-DC and SOCS1 expression levels in SLE were dramatically lower than those in CG (P < 0.05), and the two in active patients in SLE group were dramatically lower than those in stable patients (P < 0.05). They can be used to diagnose SLE and distinguish active and stationary phases of SLE patients. Pearson analysis revealed that they were positively correlated with C3 and C4 of SLE patients, and obviously negatively correlated with IgG, CRP, ESR, Anti-ds-DNA and SLEDAI scores. After follow-up investigation, 39 SLE patients relapsed, with a relapse rate of 30.00%. The serum lnc-DC and SOCS1 of relapse patients were markedly lower than those of patients without relapse (P < 0.05). Those can be used to predict the recurrence of prognosis. Pearson analysis showed that serum lnc-DC and SOCS1 were remarkably positively correlated in active and stable SLE patients (P < 0.001). lnc-DC and SOCS1 are correlated in SLE, which can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis prediction. And they have high research value in clinical practice.
The relationship between Internet use and self-concept clarity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

There are three hypotheses regarding the relationship between Self-Concept Clarity (SCC) and Internet use. It was argued that Internet use: 1) decreases SCC, 2) increases SCC, 3) does not relate with SCC. The present study, in the form of a systematic and meta-analytic synthesis, aimed to explore: a) the extent empirical evidence can support each hypothesis; b) how Internet use-SCC relationship was addressed across studies; c) the intensity of the Internet use –SCC relationship; d) potential moderators. Twenty-one studies (N = 8,910) met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review (i.e., being quantitative, written in English, concerned with Internet use -SCC relationship) and 11 studies (N = 3,298) met the additional criteria for meta-analysis (i.e., being correlational, using self-evaluation instruments, quantifying general Internet use and including the information needed to calculate the meta-analysis specific indicators). Results emphasized that all three hypotheses are plausible, as distinct dimensions of Internet use related differently with SCC. However, the conclusions were limited by the extensive use of cross-sectional design. For general Internet use and SCC relationship the overall effect was -0.350, p < . 01. Some moderators were significant: cultural background, Internet operationalization, age homogeneity, participants rewarding. This paper outlines the complexity of SCC – Internet relationship and underlines some of the gaps that should be further addressed. Implications and limits of the study (e.g., publication bias, excluded outcomes in the meta-analysis or possible omission of moderators) are discussed.
Pen, to Paper, to the Polls

Since 2000, over 700 voter-initiated ballot measures have appeared on ballots in statewide elections (Institute for Public Policy and Social Research [IPPSR], 2016). Because these measures must gain support in the form of voter signatures, an entire industry of political consulting firms focused on signature collecting has formed across the country. Indeed, in California alone, over $150 million has been spent since 2000 on gathering signatures for ballot initiatives (California Secretary of State [CA SOS], 2020a). To that extent, spending on signature gathering significantly affects whether an initiative gets on the ballot. But do these signature gathering campaigns have an impact on whether the ballot initiative is passed? Can signature gathering campaigns serve a dual purpose—qualify a measure for the ballot, and build electoral support for the measure via connections with voters? If signature gathering campaigns are effective means of consciousness raising among voters and end up spurring voters to the ballot box, we could see a significant correlation between signature spending and outcomes, suggesting that committees could use these campaigns to strategically motivate voters. If more intense signature gathering campaigns only reach already mobilized supporters, we could see limited effects on electoral outcomes. The strength of these signature campaigns can be measured in two ways: the total amount of money spent on the campaign, and the actual number of signatures gathered in the campaign. The number of signatures required for an initiative to qualify for the ballot depends on the turnout for the previous gubernatorial election (CA SOS, 2020b). To analyze spending at the statewide level (with each ballot initiative serving as one observation), using the amount spent per required signature as a metric of signature campaign strength best accounts for changes in the required number of signatures for an initiative. For county-level analysis (with Abstract. Does the act of signing a petition to place initiatives on the ballot make a voter more likely to vote for that measure? Previous research suggests that television advertising can influence vote share for ballot propositions and that signature gathering campaigns increase registration and turnout and decrease ballot roll-off but has failed to examine the link between petition drives and vote share. Using heteroskedasticity-robust regression with clustered standard errors and multiple levels of fixed effects, I examine whether either statewide spending on petition circulation or the number of voters a petition campaign reaches in a county has a significant impact on vote share. Though statewide spending analysis proves largely inconclusive, the strength of a petition drive within a county has a significant, positive effect on vote share even after endogenizing campaign strategy and incorporating turnout effects.
Organizing the mathematical proof process with the help of basic components in teaching proof: Abstract algebra example

The aim of this study is to identify the basic components of the mathematical proof process in abstract algebra and to organize the proof process into phases with the help of these basic components. A basic component form was prepared by arranging a draft basic component form, which was created as a result of a document analysis in accordance with the opinions of three academicians, who were experts in algebra. The data obtained as a result of both document analysis and expert examination were analyzed by the descriptive analysis method and are explained here in a detailed manner. It is believed that this basic component form will facilitate the step-by-step addressing of such a complex process as proofs in a non-compulsory and non-hierarchical order.
Weakly-admissible Semantics and the Propagation of Ambiguity Weakly-admissible Semantics and the Propagation of Ambiguity in Abstract Argumentation Semantics in Abstract Argumentation Semantics

The concept of ambiguous literals of defeasible logics is mapped to the set of undecided arguments iden-tiﬁed by an argumentation semantics. It follows that Dung’s complete semantics are all ambiguity propagating , since the undecided status of an attacking argument is always propagated to the attacked ar-gument, unless the latter is defeated by another accepted argument. In this paper we investigate a novel family of abstract argumentation semantics, called weakly-admissible semantics, where we do not require an acceptable argument to be necessarily de-fended from the attacks of undecided arguments. Weakly-admissible semantics are conﬂict-free, ambiguity blocking , non-admissible (in Dung’s sense), but employing a more relaxed defence-based notion of admissibility; they allow reinstatement and generate extensions that are super-sets of grounded semantics, and they at least accept credulously what Dung’s complete semantics accept at least credulously
Development of effective StrainS of noDule Bacteria anD microBial preparationS BaSeD on them

Citation: Morgun, V. V. , and Kots, S. Ya. Development of Effective Strains of Nodule Bacteria and Mic­ robial Preparations Based on Them. Sci. in nov. 2021. V. 17, no. 2. P. 39—49. https://doi.org/10.15407/sci­ ne17.02. 039 Introduction. Preparations based on highly effective and competitive strains of nodule bacteria improve nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of plants, are a source of biologically active compounds. They are environment friendly, have a high selective effect and aftereffect, increase the yield and enhance the stress-resistance of legumes. Problem Statement. With the intensification of chemicalization of agriculture, the level of environment pollution is increasing while the quality of food is deteriorating. In this regard, it is important to search new, scientifically sound approaches to developing modern management systems that will ensure the production of environment friendly plant products. The most advantageous way to solve this problem today is the optimization of plant-microbial interactions, one of the types of which is legume-rhizobial symbiosis. Purpose. The purpose of this research is obtaining highly effective strains of rhizobia with the use of the cutting-edge molecular biology and nanobiotechnologies and developing innovative microbial preparations on their basis for inoculation of legume seeds. Materials and Methods. Strains of nodule bacteria of alfalfa, goatweed, soybean, pea and lupine and S17-1 Escherichia coli strain with different plasmid vectors have been used. Methods of analytical selection, microbiological, physiological, and statistical have been applied. Results. Highly effective competitive strains of rhizobia for basic legumes have been obtained. They provide a yield increase of 11–21% as compared with the control strains. New generation preparations Rhizostym and Rhizostym-M, which are complex inoculants of binary action on the basis of nodule bacteria and additional biological agents, have been developed. Conclusions. The developed microbiological innovative preparations provide a significant economic effect. They are used for obtaining environmentally friendly products, preserving and reclaiming soil fertility. These properties determine the prospects for their use in agricultural production.
Risk Factors of Miscarriage in Malaria- Endemic Region: A Case-Control Study in Eastern Indonesia

Background: To date, there are still 242 districts in Indonesia which remain endemic for malaria, mostly in the eastern region of the country. East Nusa Tenggara Province is one of the regions with the highest Annual Parasite Incidence (API) per 1,000 population, with none of the districts or cities being able to achieve malaria elimination even once. Hence, most of the pregnant women who live in the Asia-Pacific countries are at risk of Plasmodium vivax infection. There is also a notion that malaria infection could increase the risk of miscarriage. Therefore, we aimed to assess the risk factors of miscarriage in the malaria-endemic regions in Eastern Indonesia. Methods: A case-control study was conducted using data from the previous malaria study in East Nusa Tenggara. This study included 37 respondents with a history of miscarriage and 74 control subjects matched by age (±5 years) and sub-district. We assessed the correlation of socioeconomic status, malaria, anemia, body mass index, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency with miscarriage. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis with p-value <0.05 indicates that the variable has a