Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between Antioxidant Content in Mature Human Breast Milk and Diet in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Background: Cell damage due to oxidative stress during the neonatal period has been associated with diseases. Human breast milk is an important source of antioxidants which protect newborn against oxidative stress damages. However, the dietary habits of lactating mothers may influence the nutritional value of milk during lactation period. Aims: The principal aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant content of mature human milk during two periods of lactation in Ivorian women who consumed different diets. Methodology: Samples of mature human milk were collected from healthy breastfeeding women on the 45 th and 105 th day postpartum. Food intake frequencies of mothers were obtained using questionnaire and infants were also weighted. The Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of mature milk samples were determined using FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay and free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals . Results: In this study, a final sample size of 75 breastfeeding women was retained. Two predominant basic diets which are cooked rice with oil palm seed juice sauce (R-SG) and cooked pasty mixture of plantain and cassava accompanied with eggplant sauce (F-SAU), involving, respectively, 50 and 25 lactating women, were determined. Regarding R-SG and F-SAU diets, a significant increase ( P < .05) in level of TAC was observed between milk collected on 45 th and 105 th day postpartum, while no significant difference was found concerning percentage of inhibition of DPPH radical at the same periods. Also, TAC and antiradical activity in breast milk of women who received R-SG diet and F-SAU diet as well as day 45 and day 105 postpartum were statistically comparable ( P > .05). Otherwise, TAC and antiradical activity of women’s breast milk following these diets were correlated with weight of the newborns on 105 th day postpartum. Conclusion: Based on our results, it is concluded that antioxidant activities in breast milk of women from R-SG diet and F-SAU diet were comparable.
Toxicity by NSAIDs. Counteraction by stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157

Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 is an anti-ulcer peptidergic agent, proven in clinical trials to be both safe in inflammatory bowel disease (PL-10, PLD-116, PL 14736) and wound healing, stable in human gastric juice, with no toxicity being reported. Recently, we claim that BPC 157 may be used as an antidote against NSAIDs. We focused on BPC 157 beneficial effects on stomach, duodenum, intestine, liver and brain injuries, adjuvant arthritis, pain, hyper/hypothermia, obstructive thrombus formation and thrombolysis, blood vessel function, counteraction of prolonged bleeding and thrombocytopenia after application of various anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents and wound healing improvement. The arguments for BPC 157 antidote activity (i.e., the role of BPC 157 in cytoprotection, being a novel mediator of Robert's cytoprotection and BPC 157 beneficial effects on NSAIDs mediated lesions in the gastrointestinal tract, liver and brain and finally, counteraction of aspirin-induced prolonged bleeding and thrombocytopenia) obviously have a counteracting effect on several established side-effects of NSAIDs use. The mentioned variety of the beneficial effects portrayed by BPC 157 may well be a foundation for establishing BPC 157 as a NSAIDs antidote since no other single agent has portrayed a similar array of effects. Unlike NSAIDs, a very high safety (no reported toxicity (LD1 could be not achieved)) profile is reported for BPC 157. Also, unlike the different dosage levels of aspirin, as a NSAIDs prototype, which differ by a factor of about ten, all these beneficial and counteracting effects of BPC 157 were obtained using the equipotent dosage (μg, ng/kg) in parenteral or peroral regimens.
Count/mass distinction in Kuikuro: on individuation and counting

Neste artigo analisamos o processo de atomizacao e contagem em Kuikuro (Carib, Brasil). Kuikuro e uma lingua de numero-neutro caracterizada pela ausencia de classificadores numerais. Hipotetizamos neste artigo que o processo de atomizacao em Kuikuro e realizado atraves de uma funcao dependente do contexto (cf. Rothstein (2010)) a qual e opcionalmente manifestada atraves do container estandardizado ingu.
MS-EmpiRe utilizes peptide-level noise distributions for ultra sensitive detection of differentially abundant proteins

Mass spectrometry based proteomics is the method of choice for quantifying genome-wide differential changes of proteins in a wide range of biological and biomedical applications. Protein changes need to be reliably derived from a large number of measured peptide intensities and their corresponding fold changes. These fold changes vary considerably for a given protein. Numerous instrumental setups aim to reduce this variability, while current computational methods only implicitly account for this problem. We introduce a new method, MS-EmpiRe (github.com/zimmerlab/MS-EmpiRe), which explicitly accounts for the noise underlying peptide fold changes. We derive dataset-specific, intensity-dependent empirical error distributions, which are used for individual weighing of peptide fold changes to detect differentially abundant proteins. The method requires only peptide intensities mapped to proteins and, thus, can be applied to any common quantitative proteomics setup. In a recently published proteome-wide benchmarking dataset, MS-EmpiRe doubles the number of correctly identified changing proteins at a correctly estimated FDR cutoff in comparison to state-of-the-art tools. We confirm the superior performance of MS-EmpiRe on simulated data. MS-EmpiRe provides rapid processing (< 2min) and is an easy to use, general-purpose tool.
Mass transfer coefficients of eurycoma longifolia batch extraction process

Eurycoma longifolia, or Tongkat Ali as it is locally known is a traditional Malay herb available as a spray dried water extract for the nutritional supplement market. The yield of the extract is dependent on the quality of the raw materials and the operating conditions of the batch solid-liquid extraction process. The yield can be increased by optimising the operating parameters of the batch solid liquid extraction process such as solvent, solvent to raw material ratio, particle size, temperature, duration, and agitation rate. To optimise the operating parameters a mathematical model of the extraction process needs to be developed. The partition coefficient, K, the initial solid concentration, C'o, solid diffusivity, Ds and overall diffusion coefficient, k' were evaluated. The operating parameters studied were the effects of extraction temperature and particle size. The range of parameters studied were 60Â°C to 100Â°C for temperature and 0. 5 mm to 4mm for particle size. The extractions were carried out for 2 hours with a solvent-to-raw material ratio of 25:1 w/w determined from preliminary experiments. The solute partition coefficient, K, was 0.818 and the initial solid concentration, Câ€™o, was 0.0150 g/ml. Solid diffusivity, Ds, was the rate limiting factor in the extraction process and was found to increase from 5.0 x 10(-12) to 1.3 x 10(-10) m2s-1 with increasing particle size but did not have a clear relationship with temperature. The comparison of the overall diffusion coefficient, kâ€™, values calculated through the dynamic mass balance equation as well as solid diffusion rate limiting step assumption equation revealed similar values confirming that solid diffusion is rate limiting.
Variación morfométrica en dos poblaciones naturales de Pinus hartwegii Lindl. del estado de Veracruz

Se evaluo la variacion morfometrica de conos, semi - llas y aciculas en dos poblaciones de Pinus hartwegii del estado de Veracruz, con la finalidad de estimar el porcentaje de la variacion fenotipica debido a diferencias entre poblaciones y arboles dentro de las poblaciones. Ademas se llevo a cabo un analisis multivariado de componentes principales, de conglomerado y discriminante, para caracterizar las poblaciones. Se constato que la mayoria de las carac - teristicas evaluadas de conos, semillas y aciculas mostraron variacion significativa tanto entre poblaciones como entre arboles dentro de las poblaciones. Las mediciones de caracteres de semillas usadas como indicadores del estado genetico y reproductivo de dos poblaciones naturales de P. hartwegii revelaron que gran parte de la variacion detectada se encontro principalmente entre arboles dentro de las poblaciones. Los caracteres de conos mostraron que la varianza se distribuyo tanto entre poblaciones como dentro de poblaciones. Los caracteres foliares mostraron mayor porcentaje de variacion atribuido a la poblacion que entre arboles dentro de las poblaciones, lo que in - dica que estos caracteres estan fuertemente influenciados por el am - biente. Los resultados del analisis de componentes principales y de conglomerado no permitieron diferenciar claramente a las dos pobla - ciones. La variable discriminatoria mas importante entre poblaciones fue la longitud del cono y sobre esta base se obtuvo una efectividad del 70% en la clasificacion de los arboles de ambas poblaciones. Los resultados en conjunto concuerdan en que existe poca diferenciacion en los caracteres morfologicos entre las poblaciones examinadas ya que la mayor detectada fue intrapoblacional
Perceptron Synthesis Network: Rethinking the Action Scale Variances in Videos

Video action recognition has been partially addressed by the CNNs stacking of fixed-size 3D kernels. However, these methods may under-perform for only capturing rigid spatial-temporal patterns in single-scale spaces, while neglecting the scale variances across different action primitives. To overcome this limitation, we propose to learn the optimal-scale kernels from the data. More specifically, an \textit{action perceptron synthesizer} is proposed to generate the kernels from a bag of fixed-size kernels that are interacted by dense routing paths. To guarantee the interaction richness and the information capacity of the paths, we design the novel \textit{optimized feature fusion layer}. This layer establishes a principled universal paradigm that suffices to cover most of the current feature fusion techniques (e.g., channel shuffling, and channel dropout) for the first time. By inserting the \textit{synthesizer}, our method can easily adapt the traditional 2D CNNs to the video understanding tasks such as action recognition with marginal additional computation cost. The proposed method is thoroughly evaluated over several challenging datasets (i.e., Somehting-to-Somthing, Kinetics and Diving48) that highly require temporal reasoning or appearance discriminating, achieving new state-of-the-art results. Particularly, our low-resolution model outperforms the recent strong baseline methods, i.e., TSM and GST, with less than 30\% of their computation cost.
Light scalar modes from holographic deformations

We consider different ways of modifying the mass spectrum of a strongly coupled gauge theory with confinement using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Single- and multitrace deformations are introduced, such that the resulting theory has a mode lighter than the confinement scale. The multitrace deformation is shown to be a possible way of achieving a light composite mode, unlike the single-trace deformation where the light mode is an admixture of elementary and composite states.
Multiscale Selectivity and in vivo Biodistribution of NRP-1-Targeted Theranostic AGuIX Nanoparticles for PDT of Glioblastoma

Background Local recurrences of glioblastoma (GBM) after heavy standard treatments remain frequent and lead to a poor prognostic. Major challenges are the infiltrative part of the tumor tissue which is the ultimate cause of recurrence. The therapeutic arsenal faces the difficulty of eradicating this infiltrating part of the tumor tissue while increasing the targeting of tumor and endogenous stromal cells such as angiogenic endothelial cells. In this aim, neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a transmembrane receptor mainly overexpressed by endothelial cells of the tumor vascular system and associated with malignancy, proliferation and migration of GBM, highlighted to be a relevant molecular target to promote the anti-vascular effect of photodynamic therapy (VTP). Methods The multiscale selectivity was investigated for KDKPPR peptide moiety targeting NRP-1 and a porphyrin molecule as photosensitizer (PS), both grafted onto original AGuIX design nanoparticle. AGuIX nanoparticle, currently in Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of brain metastases with radiotherapy, allows to achieve a real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and an accumulation in the tumor area by EPR (enhanced permeability and retention) effect. Using surface-plasmon resonance (SPR), we evaluated the affinities of KDKPPR and scramble free peptides, and also peptides-conjugated AGuIX nanoparticles to recombinant rat and human NRP-1 proteins. For in vivo selectivity, we used a cranial window model and parametric maps obtained from T2*-weighted perfusion MRI analysis. Results The photophysical characteristics of the PS and KDKPPR molecular affinity for recombinant human NRP-1 proteins were maintained after the functionalization of AGuIX nanoparticle with a dissociation constant of 4.7 μM determined by SPR assays. Cranial window model and parametric maps, both revealed a prolonged retention in the vascular system of human xenotransplanted GBM. Thanks to the fluorescence of porphyrin by non-invasive imaging and the concentration of gadolinium evaluated after extraction of organs, we checked the absence of nanoparticle in the brains of tumor-free animals and highlighted elimination by renal excretion and hepatic metabolism. Conclusion Post-VTP follow-ups demonstrated promising tumor responses with a prolonged delay in tumor growth accompanied by a decrease in tumor metabolism.
Association Between MRI-Based Tibial Slope Measurements and Mucoid Degeneration of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Propensity Score–Matched Case-Control Study

Background: The cause of mucoid degeneration (MD) of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is commonly observed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with knee pain, has yet to be elucidated. Despite the limited evidence on the relationship between ACL lesions (injury and MD) and tibial morphologic features (ie, posterior tibial slope), the potential association between the presence of ACL MD and medial and lateral tibial slope (MTS and LTS) has not been well-established. Purpose: To investigate whether MTS and LTS measurements are associated with the presence of ACL MD. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Consecutive knee MRI examinations of patients referred by an orthopaedic surgeon for potential internal joint derangements were identified within a 4-year period. The presence of ACL MD and the MTS/LTS values were assessed by independent expert observers in consensus in a blinded fashion. From 413 consecutive knee MRI scans, a sample of 80 knees, including 32 knees with ACL MD (cases) and 48 knees with normal ACL (controls), were selected using propensity score matching method for age, sex, body mass index, and presence of severe medial tibiofemoral compartment cartilage damage. The association between ACL MD and MTS/LTS was evaluated using conditional regression models. Results: Knees with ACL MD had higher values of LTS (mean ± SD, 7.18° ± 3.58°) in comparison with control knees (5.32° ± 3.35°). Conditional regression analysis revealed a significant association between LTS measurements (not MTS) and ACL MD; every 1° increase in LTS was associated with a 17% (95% CI, 1%-35%) higher probability of having ACL MD. Conclusion: Excessive LTS was associated with the presence of ACL MD, independent of participants’ age, sex, BMI, and cartilage damage severity.
SAM: Squeeze-and-Mimic Networks for Conditional Visual Driving Policy Learning

We describe a policy learning approach to map visual inputs to driving controls conditioned on turning command that leverages side tasks on semantics and object affordances via a learned representation trained for driving. To learn this representation, we train a squeeze network to drive using annotations for the side task as input. This representation encodes the driving-relevant information associated with the side task while ideally throwing out side task-relevant but driving-irrelevant nuisances. We then train a mimic network to drive using only images as input and use the squeeze network's latent representation to supervise the mimic network via a mimicking loss. Notably, we do not aim to achieve the side task nor to learn features for it; instead, we aim to learn, via the mimicking loss, a representation of the side task annotations directly useful for driving. We test our approach using the CARLA simulator. In addition, we introduce a more challenging but realistic evaluation protocol that considers a run that reaches the destination successful only if it does not violate common traffic rules. A video summarizing this work is available at https://youtu.be/ipKAMzmJpMs , and code is available at https://github.com/twsq/sam-driving .
Association between vitamin D and ovarian cancer development in BRCA1 mutation carriers

Objective: Women with inherited mutations in BRCA1 gene have a high (40–70%) genetic risk of developing ovarian cancer. Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse correlation between serum vitamin D (VD) levels and the risk of ovarian cancer, but there is a lack of data from BRCA1 mutation (BRCA1mut) carriers. Therefore, we investigated VD levels and actions in cancer free women with BRCA1 mutations. Materials and Methods: Blood, ovary and fallopian tube samples were collected from healthy pre-menopausal women with BRCA1mut and without BRCA1 mutations (BRCAwt). Serum calcifediol (major circulating form of VD) concentrations were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin-embedded ovarian and fallopian tube sections to determine vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression. Ovarian surface epithelial cells (OSEs) from BRCA1mut carriers were cultured with or without calcitriol supplementation for 72 hrs. VDR protein levels, cell proliferation and cell viability were analyzed. Results: BRCA1mut women had lower serum calcifediol levels compared to BRCAwt women (p = 0.003). VDR protein expression was evident in ovarian and the fallopian tube epithelium of BRCAwt patients, but was reduced in BRCA1mut women. Calcitriol (biologically active VD) supplementation elevated VDR expression in cultured BRCA1mut OSEs (p = 0.005) and decreased cell proliferation rates in a dose-dependent manner without inducing apoptosis. Conclusions: VD biosynthesis and signaling via VDR in the ovarian and fallopian tube epithelium are impaired in BRCA1mut women. VD treatment may limit BRCA1mut epithelial cell proliferation without affecting cell viability, providing a rationale for exploring the potential for VD in ovarian cancer prevention in BRCA1mut carriers.
The Eisenbud-Green-Harris conjecture for fast-growing degree sequences

Let $S$ be a standard graded polynomial ring over a field, and $I$ be a homogeneous ideal that contains a regular sequence of degrees $d_1,\ldots,d_n$. We prove the Eisenbud-Green-Harris conjecture when the forms of the regular sequence satisfy $d_i \geqslant \sum_{j=1}^{i-1}(d_j-1)$, improving a result obtained in 2008 by the first author and Maclagan. Except for the sporadic case of a regular sequence of five quadrics, recently proved by G\"unt\"urk\"un and Hochster, the results of this article recover all known cases of the conjecture where only the degrees of the regular sequence are fixed, and include several additional ones.
The Protective Role of Resilience in Emotional Exhaustion Among Dental Students at Clinical Levels

Purpose The epidemic of burnout among dental students has been repeatedly documented. This study aimed to assess burnout, specifically emotional exhaustion (EE), and examined the impact of protective and risk psychological factors for EE among clinical-level dental students in Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, using a convenience sample of undergraduate dental students who were recruited from five separate dental schools. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 500 students to obtain socio-demographic data and to assess the students’ psychological characteristics (Maslach Burnout Inventory EE subscale, Dental Environment Stress Scale [DES] and Brief Resilience Scale [BRS]). Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results Of 272 respondents, 53% reported high EE. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression modelling demonstrated that students who reported higher BRS scores were significantly less likely to report high EE (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=0.79, 95% CI=0.70–0.89, p<0.001). However, females were more than twice as likely as males to report high EE (AOR=2.27, 95% CI=1.14–4.61, p=0.024). In addition, students who reported higher DES scores also reported high EE (AOR=1.10, 95% CI=1.07–1.12, p<0.001). Conclusion The findings suggest that resilience is a protective factor against high EE, after adjusting for key characteristics. There is a need for a preventive programme that addresses EE, taking into consideration other unexplored underlying factors.
Development of Bacterial Quorum Sensing Inhibitors and Molecular Probes

Bacterial quorum sensing is regarded as a novel target for the design of antimicrobials. Based on lead structures identified from HTS, 39 analogues have been synthesized and evaluated in Vibrio haveyi. Potent inhibitors with IC50 values at single‐digit micromolar concentrations for AI‐2 mediated quorum sensing have been identified. On the second project, post‐synthesis modifications of DNA provide easy functionalizations for expanded applications such as aptamer selection. A CBT‐modified thymidine ana‐ logue (CBT‐TTP) has been synthesized and used for enzymatic incorporation into DNA. Post‐synthesis modifications through condensation with 1,2‐aminothiol for installation of a boronic acid moiety or a fluorophore have been achieved. On the third project, H2S has been recognized as an important gas‐ otransmitter and its concentration is relevant to a variety of diseases. A novel fluorescent probe (DNS‐Az) has been developed for quantitation of H2S in aqueous solutions. This probe has been used to measure H2S concentrations in the blood. INDEX WORDS: Bacterial quorum sensing inhibitors, AI‐2, V. harveyi, dUTP analogue incorporation, DNA modification, Bioorthogonal reaction, Hydrogen sulfide, Fluorescent probe DEVELOPMENT OF BACTERIAL QUORUM SENSING INHIBITORS AND MOLECULAR PROBES by