Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sound based human emotion recognition using MFCC & multiple SVM

Emotion recognition using human speech is one of the latest challenges in speech processing and Human Machine Interaction (HMI) for the purpose of addressing varied operational needs for the real world applications. Besides human facial expressions, speech has been proven to be one of the most valuable modalities for automatic recognition of human emotions. Speech is a spontaneous medium of perceiving emotions which provides in-depth. Here in this paper, we have used MFCC for extraction of features and Multiple Support Vector Machine (SVM) as a classifier. We have performed extensive experiment on happy, anger, sad, disgust, surprise and neutral emotion sound database. Performance analysis of multiple SVM revealed that non-linear kernel SVM achieved greater accuracy than linear SVM.
The Tension–Free Transvaginal Tape Procedure in the Treatment of Female Urinary Stress Incontinence: A French Prospective Multicentre Study

Objective: To evaluate in a prospective multicentre study (five centres) the preliminary results regarding efficacy and morbidity of the new tension–free transvaginal tape (TVT) technique in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence (USI) in women. Methods: From November 1996 to May 1999, 52 women of mean age 64 (range 37–91) years underwent the TVT procedure to treat isolated grade 2 or 3 USI (44 cases) or grade 1 or 2 USI associated with uterine or rectal prolapse surgery (8 cases). Twenty–nine patients (55.8%) presented recurrent USI (1–4 previous procedures). Clinical data showed urethrovesical junction hypermobility in 35 cases (67.3%), isolated intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) in 17 cases (32.6%) and pelvic organ prolapse in 8 cases. Urodynamics confirmed ISD in 27 cases (51.9%) with a mean urethral closure pressure of 18.5 (range 7–25) cm H2O. All data were collected by surgeons on a questionnaire. Results: The surgical procedure was performed under spinal cord anaesthesia in 82.7% of patients (local anaesthesia 11.5%) with a mean operation time of 30 (range 20–60) min for TVT implantation. Six bladder injuries (11.5%) were identified and the needle was repositioned. Mean hospital stay was 2.5 (range 1–7) days in the group who underwent TVT alone. Mean follow–up of continence was 15.2 (range 6–36) months: 83% of patients were dry and 17% were improved. Nine patients (17.3%) required self–catheterization for 2–10 days postoperatively. No recurrence of USI, defect healing or tape rejection were reported. Conclusion: TVT is a new technique for the surgical treatment of USI which is useful for recurrent cases. The advantages are simplicity, low morbidity, reproducibility and reduced operative time. These early results indicate the technique is effective in correcting incontinence and is locally well tolerated. But these are preliminary data and the long–term outcome on USI and the urethra is needed.
First clinical experience on the antiepileptic action of taurine.

On the basis of previous investigations showing the antiepileptic action of taurine in both acute and chronic experimental epileptogenic foci, taurine was administered intraperitoneally to 15 highly refractory patients presenting daily frequent seizures of various types. Taurine was given daily for the first 10 days and weekly during the subsequent 50-day period. In most subjects seizures disappeared and the EEG improved during the first period, while a progressive relapse to pre-taurine conditions occurred during the second period. Only in four young patients (two HHE syndromes and two primary generalized epilepsies) improvement persisted up to the end of the follow-up period. This result, besides any theoretical speculations (taurine non-specific action? ), may commend use for the taurine treatment in refractory young patients having frequent seizures.
Image based contactless blood pressure assessment using Pulse Transit Time

Recent years have seen increased attention being given to Blood Pressure (BP) monitoring. Among all kinds of measurements, the monitors based on Pulse Transit Time (PTT) have gain plenty of attention due to its continuous and cuffless features. Additionally, several studies proposed a fancy way to estimate photoplethysmography (PPG) signal simply via a regular webcam. Nevertheless, literatures on issues of integrating these two advanced techniques have emerged on a slowly and scattered way. Furthermore, accuracy of BP prediction model based on PTT is often limited due to the lack of data. To address the above-mentioned problems, we proposed an image based BP measurement algorithm using k-nearest neighbor and transfer learning results from MIMICII database to real task. The study also introduces newly defined PTT features which are especially suitable for image based PPG and domain adaptation. Compared with the state-of-the-art algorithm, root mean square error of SBP evaluation has been reduced from 15.08 to 14.02.
Combining Information Extraction and Text Segmentation methods in Greek Texts

In this paper we examine the benefit of performing named entity recognition (NER) and co-reference resolution to a Greek corpus used for text segmentation. The aim here is to examine whether the combination of text segmentation and information extraction is beneficial for identifying various topics that appear in a document. NER was performed using an already existing tool for the Greek corpus. Produced annotations were manually corrected and enriched to cover four types of named entities. Co-reference resolution was subsequently performed manually. The evaluation, using four text segmentation algorithms leads to the conclusion that, information extraction techniques appear to be a promising solution in capturing semantic information for segmentation purposes.
Stage of Change Movement across Three Health Behaviors: The Role of Self-Efficacy

Purpose. In this study, we examined the influence of self-efficacy in predicting stage of change (SOC) movement, without intervention, over a 1-month period for smoking cessation, exercise adoption, and dietary fat reduction. Design. The design of this study was longitudinal. Patients' stage of change and self-efficacy were assessed at baseline, and stage of change was reassessed at a 1-month follow-up. Patients were categorized as (1) Regressors (moved backward at least one stage), (2) Stables (no change), or (3) Progressors (moved forward at least one stage). Chi-square analyses were used to determine the ability of self-efficacy to predict stage movement at 1-month follow-up. Setting. The data were collected at a large, inner city, academic hospital in the southeastern United States. Patients were attending primary care clinics. Subjects. Five hundred fifty-four low income, predominantly African-American, individuals attending primary care clinics were participants in the study. Measures. Previously validated scales of stage of change and self-efficacy from Prochaska's laboratory were used in this study. Results. Results showed statistically significant differences between predicted and actual SOC movement for smoking cessation, exercise adoption, and dietary fat intake reduction. Baseline self-efficacy ratings were significantly related to stage progression, regression, and stability of stage of change for all three health behaviors. Thirty-seven percent of smokers who were predicted to progress on the basis of their self-efficacy scores progressed. For exercise adoption and dietary fat reduction, 50% and 44%, respectively, of individuals expected to progress at least one stage on the basis of self-efficacy scores progressed. Conclusion. Self-efficacy influences SOC movement for smoking cessation, dietary fat reduction, and exercise adoption.
The inverse thermal spin–orbit torque and the relation of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction to ground-state energy currents

Using the Kubo linear-response formalism we derive expressions to calculate the electronic contribution to the heat current generated by magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic metals with broken inversion symmetry and spin–orbit interaction (SOI). The effect of producing heat currents by magnetization dynamics constitutes the Onsager reciprocal of the thermal spin–orbit torque (TSOT), i.e. the generation of torques on the magnetization due to temperature gradients. We find that the energy current driven by magnetization dynamics contains a contribution from the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), which needs to be subtracted from the Kubo linear response of the energy current in order to extract the heat current. We show that the expressions of the DMI coefficient can be derived elegantly from the DMI energy current. Guided by formal analogies between the Berry phase theory of DMI on the one hand and the modern theory of orbital magnetization on the other hand we are led to an interpretation of the latter in terms of energy currents as well. Based on ab initio calculations we investigate the electronic contribution to the heat current driven by magnetization dynamics in Mn/W(0 0 1) magnetic bilayers. We predict that fast domain walls drive strong heat currents.
RFA: R-Squared Fitting Analysis Model for Power Attack

Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) introduced by Brier et al. in 2004 is an important method in the side-channel attack and it enables the attacker to use less cost to derive secret or private keys with efficiency over the last decade. In this paper, we propose -squared fitting model analysis (RFA) which is more appropriate for nonlinear correlation analysis. This model can also be applied to other side-channel methods such as second-order CPA and collision-correlation power attack. Our experiments show that the RFA-based attacks bring significant advantages in both time complexity and success rate.
A gene encoding a DUF523 domain protein is involved in the conversion of 2‐thiouracil into uracil

Modified nucleotides are present in many RNA species in all Domains of Life. While the biosynthetic pathways of such nucleotides are well studied, much less is known about the degradation of RNAs and the return to the metabolism of modified nucleotides, their respective nucleosides or heterocyclic bases. Using an E. coli uracil auxotroph, we screened the metagenomic libraries for genes, which would allow the conversion of 2-thiouracil to uracil and thereby lead to the growth on a defined synthetic medium. We show that a gene encoding a protein consisting of previously uncharacterized Domain of Unknown Function 523 (DUF523) is responsible for such phenotype. We have purified this recombinant protein and demonstrated that it contains a FeS cluster. The substitution of cysteines, which have been predicted to form such clusters, with alanines abolished the growth phenotype. We conclude that DUF523 is involved in the conversion of 2-thiouracil into uracil in vivo.
Adipose-Derived Tissue in the Treatment of Dermal Fibrosis: Antifibrotic Effects of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Abstract Treatment of hypertrophic scars and other fibrotic skin conditions with autologous fat injections shows promising clinical results; however, the underlying mechanisms of its antifibrotic action have not been comprehensively studied. Adipose-derived stem cells, or stromal cell–derived factors, inherent components of the transplanted fat tissue, seem to be responsible for its therapeutic effects on difficult scars. The mechanisms by which this therapeutic effect takes place are diverse and are mostly mediated by paracrine signaling, which switches on various antifibrotic molecular pathways, modulates the activity of the central profibrotic transforming growth factor &bgr;/Smad pathway, and normalizes functioning of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in the recipient site. Direct cell-to-cell communications and differentiation of cell types may also play a positive role in scar treatment, even though they have not been extensively studied in this context. A more thorough understanding of the fat tissue antifibrotic mechanisms of action will turn this treatment from an anecdotal remedy to a more controlled, timely administered technology.
Chlorinated Lipids Elicit Inflammatory Responses in vitro and in vivo

ABSTRACT Increased endothelial cell adhesion molecule (ECAM) expression, leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesive interactions (LECA), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion (PECA), mast cell activation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and microvascular permeability are hallmarks of the inflammatory response. The infiltration of inflammatory phagocytes is associated with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-dependent production of hypochlorous acid, a reactive chlorinating species that targets membrane lipids to produce halogenated lipids such as 2-chlorohexadecanal (2-ClHDA) and 2-chloropalmitic acid (2-ClPA). Whether these chlorinated lipids contribute to microcirculatory dysfunction is largely unknown. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine if chlorinated lipids exposure induces such inflammatory responses in an in vitro model employing cultured human intestinal mesenteric vascular endothelial cells (HIMVEC), and in an in vivo model examining responses in small intestinal and mesenteric postcapillary venules of naive rats. Following the addition of either 2-ClPA or 2-ClHDA to the culture medium, HIMVEC displayed increased platelet and neutrophil adherence that was associated with elevated expression of ECAMs and increased permeability. In vivo, chlorinated lipid exposure significantly increased LECA, PECA, ROS production, and albumin leakage, inflammatory events that were associated with mast cell activation and increased tissue MPO activity and expression. Our data provide proof-of-principle that 2-ClPA and 2-ClHDA induce powerful proinflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the possibility that these chlorinated lipid products of the MPO/ hydrogen peroxide /chloride system may contribute to inflammation noted in neutrophil-dependent, myeloperoxidase-mediated pathologic states such as ischemia/reperfusion, hemorrhagic shock, and sepsis.
Generation of a New Model Rat: Nrf2 Knockout Rats Are Sensitive to Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity.

THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2: (NF-E2-related-factor 2) REGULATES A BATTERY OF ANTIOXIDATIVE STRESS-RESPONSE GENES AND DETOXICATION GENES, AND NRF2 KNOCKOUT LINES OF MICE HAVE BEEN CONTRIBUTING CRITICALLY TO THE CLARIFICATION OF ROLES THAT NRF2 PLAYS FOR CELL PROTECTION HOWEVER, THERE ARE APPARENT LIMITATIONS IN USE OF THE MOUSE MODELS FOR INSTANCE, RATS EXHIBIT MORE SUITABLE FEATURES FOR TOXICOLOGICAL OR PHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS THAN MICE IN THIS STUDY, WE GENERATED 2 LINES OF NRF2 KNOCKOUT RATS BY USING A GENOME EDITING TECHNOLOGY; 1 LINE HARBORS A 7-BP DELETION Δ7 AND THE OTHER LINE HARBORS A 1-BP INSERTION +1 IN THE NRF2 GENE IN THE LIVERS OF RATS HOMOZYGOUSLY DELETING THE NRF2 GENE, AN ACTIVATOR OF NRF2 SIGNALING, CDDO-IM, COULD NOT INDUCE EXPRESSION OF REPRESENTATIVE NRF2 TARGET GENES TO EXAMINE ALTERED TOXICOLOGICAL RESPONSE, WE TREATED THE NRF2 KNOCKOUT RATS WITH AFLATOXIN B1 AFB1, A CARCINOGENIC MYCOTOXIN THAT ELICITS GENE MUTATIONS THROUGH BINDING OF ITS METABOLITES TO DNA AND FOR WHICH THE RAT HAS BEEN PROPOSED AS A REASONABLE SURROGATE FOR HUMAN TOXICITY INDEED, IN THE NRF2 KNOCKOUT RAT LIVERS THE ENZYMES OF THE AFB1 DETOXICATION PATHWAY WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DOWNREGULATED SINGLE DOSE ADMINISTRATION OF AFB1 INCREASED HEPATOTOXICITY AND BINDING OF AFB1-N7-GUANINE TO HEPATIC DNA IN NRF2 KNOCKOUT RATS COMPARED WITH WILD-TYPE NRF2 KNOCKOUT RATS REPEATEDLY TREATED WITH AFB1 WERE PRONE TO LETHALITY AND CDDO-IM WAS NO LONGER PROTECTIVE THESE RESULTS DEMONSTRATE THAT NRF2 KNOCKOUT RATS ARE QUITE SENSITIVE TO AFB1 TOXICITIES AND THIS RAT GENOTYPE EMERGES AS A NEW MODEL ANIMAL IN TOXICOLOGY.
Hexagonal boron cluster as an anode material for divalent-ion (Ca2+) storage: A theoretical study

There has been always a persistent search for creating cheaper and efficient energy storage devices. After its discovery Li+ ion storage device has become the most preferred choice due to its high energy density. However, an ion storage device that can use Ca<sup>2</sup>+ ions instead of Li+ ions, will be much cheaper owing to the higher abundance of calcium. Realizing the need for developing novel ion storage devices, present study aims to investigate hexagonal boron (B<inf>6</inf>) cluster's ability to store divalent Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions. The calculated values of adsorption energies show that Ca<sup>2</sup>+ ions are well adsorbed in B<inf>6</inf> cluster and it reaches the maximum storage capacity when two ions are adsorbed into it with bi-pyramidal shape. We have used density functional theory (DFT) for our investigations. Both CaB<inf>6</inf> and Ca<inf>2</inf>B<inf>6</inf> have high specific capacities, with theoretical values 826 mAh/g and 1653 mAh/g respectively. Open circuit voltages (OCV) of the CaB<inf>6</inf> and Ca<inf>2</inf>B<inf>6</inf> are found to be 3.755 V and 2.993 V respectively.
Schild Regression Analysis of Antidepressant and Bicuculline Antagonist Effects at the GABAA Receptor

We showed previously that antidepressants inhibit GABA-stimulated 36Cl– uptake in rat cerebral cortex. In this study Schild analysis was used to determine if antidepressants are competitive antagonists or allosteric modulators at GABAA receptors. GABA concentration-response curves for 36Cl– uptake in rat cerebral cortex were generated in the absence or presence of different concentrations of the following antidepressants: amitriptyline, amoxapine, mianserin, and also the GABAA receptor antagonist, bicuculline. The pA2 values for amitriptyline, amoxapine, mianserin, and bicuculline were 4.2 ± 0.2, 5.5 ± 0.3, 4.4 ± 0.1 and 6.2 ± 0.6, respectively. The respective Schild slope values were 0.7 ± 0.1, 0.6 ± 0.03, 0.7 ± 0.2 and 1.0 ± 0.3. All slope values for antidepressants differed from unity. The maximum effect produced by GABA to stimulate chloride influx was decreased by both antidepressants and bicuculline. It is concluded that neither the antidepressants studied nor bicuculline are pure competitive GABA antagonists at the GABAA receptor-chloride-ionophore complex in the rat cerebral cortex.
Assignment of the β-N-acetylhexosaminidase gene (HEXB) to porcine chromosome SSC2q21→q22 by fluorescence in situ hybridization and by analysis of somatic cell and radiation hybrid panels

The enzyme s-N-acetylhexosaminidase B (EC: 3.2.1.52) is a tetramer of two beta-a and two beta-b chains which are derived from the cleavage of a precursor chain, which is a product of the s-N-acetylhexosaminidase B gene (HEXB) (Mahuran, 1999). It catalyses hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-hexosamine residues. Mutations in HEXB gene cause Sandhoff disease in humans (Srivastava and Beuter, 1973). The human HEXB gene stretches over 37 kb and consists of 14 exons (Proia, 1988). Human HEXB has been assigned to chromosome 5q13 (Boedecker et al., 1975). Here we report the localization of the porcine HEXB gene to chromosome 2 confirming homology between the q arms of chromosomes HSA5 and SSC2.
Mining malicious behavioural patterns

Most malware producers bypass signature-based detections through obfuscation techniques. Therefore, in order to provide proactive and real-time protection, the researchers have begun to develop strategies for behaviour-based detection. Despite of being a popular and promising non-deterministic solution to detect various forms of malware families, behavioural modelling techniques suffer from relatively high false positive rate in malware detection. To overcome this problem, the authors shall seek for identifying patterns, representing malicious intent in all instances of a malware family. In this study, they propose a new technique based on discriminative graph mining techniques to identify discriminative subgraphs. The subgraphs represent behavioural patterns in each malware family. Their evaluation results demonstrate an average of 91% accuracy in detection of malicious programme behaviours, with no false positive.
EnMobile: Entity-Based Characterization and Analysis of Mobile Malware

Modern mobile malware tend to conduct their malicious exploits through sophisticated patterns of interactions that involve multiple entities, e.g., the mobile platform, human users, and network locations. Such malware often evade the detection by existing approaches due to their limited expressiveness and accuracy in characterizing and detecting these malware. To address these issues, in this paper, we recognize entities in the environment of an app, the app's interactions with such entities, and the provenance of these interactions, i.e., the intent and ownership of each interaction, as the key to comprehensively characterizing modern mobile apps, and mobile malware in particular. With this insight, we propose a novel approach named EnMobile including a new entity-based characterization of mobile-app behaviors, and corresponding static analyses, to accurately characterize an app's interactions with entities. We implement EnMobile and provide a practical application of EnMobile in a signature-based scheme for detecting mobile malware. We evaluate EnMobile on a set of 6614 apps consisting of malware from Genome and Drebin along with benign apps from Google Play. Our results show that EnMobile detects malware with substantially higher precision and recall than four state-of-the-art approaches, namely Apposcopy, Drebin, MUDFLOW, and AppContext.
Hybridization between two cryptic filamentous brown seaweeds along the shore: analysing pre‐ and postzygotic barriers in populations of individuals with varying ploidy levels

We aimed to study the importance of hybridization between two cryptic species of the genus Ectocarpus, a group of filamentous algae with haploid–diploid life cycles that include the principal genetic model organism for the brown algae. In haploid–diploid species, the genetic structure of the two phases of the life cycle can be analysed separately in natural populations. Such life cycles provide a unique opportunity to estimate the frequency of hybrid genotypes in diploid sporophytes and meiotic recombinant genotypes in haploid gametophytes allowing the effects of reproductive barriers preventing fertilization or preventing meiosis to be untangle. The level of hybridization between E. siliculosus and E. crouaniorum was quantified along the European coast. Clonal cultures (568 diploid, 336 haploid) isolated from field samples were genotyped using cytoplasmic and nuclear markers to estimate the frequency of hybrid genotypes in diploids and recombinant haploids. We identified admixed individuals using microsatellite loci, classical assignment methods and a newly developed Bayesian method (XPloidAssignment), which allows the analysis of populations that exhibit variations in ploidy level. Over all populations, the level of hybridization was estimated at 8.7%. Hybrids were exclusively observed in sympatric populations. More than 98% of hybrids were diploids (40% of which showed signs of aneuploidy) with a high frequency of rare alleles. The near absence of haploid recombinant hybrids demonstrates that the reproductive barriers are mostly postzygotic and suggests that abnormal chromosome segregation during meiosis following hybridization of species with different genome sizes could be a major cause of interspecific incompatibility in this system.