Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Optimality Gap of Warm-Started Hyperparameter Optimization

We study the general framework of warm-started hyperparameter optimization (HPO) where we have some source datasets (tasks) on which we have already performed HPO, and we wish to leverage the results of these HPO to warm-start the HPO on an unseen target dataset and perform few-shot HPO. Various meta-learning schemes have been proposed over the last decade (and more) for this problem. In this paper, we theoretically analyse the optimality gap of the hyperparameter obtained via such warm-started few-shot HPO, and provide novel results for multiple existing meta-learning schemes. We show how these results allow us identify situations where certain schemes have advantage over others. do not precisely describe the form and the use of such information. A related limitation is that we do not explicitly focus on meta-features in our analysis. We present the rst theoretical framework to study the optimality gap of warm-started few-shot HPO, and anticipate that this framework will allow us to quantify the gains from dierent meta-features; we will pursue this thread in future work because we believe this would be a signicant contribution and of independent interest. In this paper, we only highlight situations where meta-features (learned or otherwise) might play a role in obtaining improved theoretical guarantees.
A Comparative Study to Check the Effectiveness of Task-Oriented Activity on Walking Speed in Sub-Acute Stroke Patients

Stroke which is also known as cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a leading cause of impairment and disability in the world. There are many factors that affect the functional independence in post stroke people in which gait impairment plays a significant role. The purpose of stroke rehabilitation is to help patients to achieve as high level of functional independence as possible within their particular impairments. It is found that Task oriented activity has been shown to be an effective intervention to improve mobility. However, little is known about the impact of this intervention on the walking speed. The objective of study is to determine the combined effects of task oriented activity with conventional physiotherapy over conventional physiotherapy alone on walking speed in subjects with sub-acute stroke. This was a comparative study where pre and post design were used. Thirty (30) subjects with sub-acute stroke were taken considering the selection criteria; where Experimental group (Group-A) received task oriented activities and conventional physiotherapy and Control group (Group-B) received Conventional physiotherapy with 15 subjects in each group. Six minutes walk test (MWT) was used to assess the walking endurance and Functional ambulation categories (FAC) was used to evaluate the level of dependency of subjects in performing functional activities. Statistical analysis was done by using paired ‘t’ tests which showed significant improvement as the mean value of Group A (experimental group) mean 6MWT increase from -0.517 to -17.582, mean FAC increase from -1.288 to -3.055 but when intergroup analysis was done, its result was significant only in 6MWT were P= 0.046. task oriented activity after stroke could significantly improve walking endurance but not much significant on the level of dependency of the subject in performing functional activities.
Eindhoven University of Technology MASTER 3D point cloud reconstruction from photographs using a spring embedder algorithm Koenraadt, A.E.M

3D point cloud reconstruction from photographs using a spring embedder algorithm A.E. M. Koenraadt Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Master of Science This thesis describes the implementation of a 3D point cloud reconstruction method of an unknown object from a set of photographs. These photographs are taken with a handheld device with a calibrated camera at an unknown camera position and at a known viewing angle. The viewing angle is estimated by means of a board of markers that was placed in the scene. Interest points detected in the photograhps are used to generate a 3D point cloud, for which the 3D point coordinates are optimized with an approach that is inspired by a class of algorithms called “spring embedders”. Conceptually, springs pull the 3D points and virtual cameras to a location that minimizes the reprojection error. We show that the method is robust against interest point localization errors and is capable of correcting for errors in the camera viewing angle estimates by optimizing the camera translations.
Import of Atlantic Water and sea ice controls the ocean environment in the northern Barents Sea

Abstract. The northern Barents Sea is a cold, seasonally ice-covered Arctic shelf sea region that has experienced major warming and sea ice loss in recent decades. Here, a 2-year observational record from two ocean moorings provides new knowledge about the seasonal hydrographic variability in the region and about the ocean exchange across its northern margin. The combined records of temperature, salinity, and currents show the advection of warmer and saltier waters of Atlantic origin into the Barents Sea from the north. The source of these warmer water masses is the Atlantic Water boundary current that flows along the continental slope north of Svalbard. Time-varying southward inflow through cross-shelf troughs was the main driver of the seasonal cycle in ocean temperature at the moorings. Inflows were intensified in autumn and early winter, in some cases occurring below the sea ice cover and halocline water. On shorter timescales, subtidal current variability was correlated with the large-scale meridional atmospheric pressure gradient, suggesting wind-driven modulation of the inflow. The mooring records also show that import of sea ice into the Barents Sea has a lasting impact on the upper ocean, where salinity and stratification are strongly affected by the amount of sea ice that has melted in the area. A fresh layer separated the ocean surface from the warm mid-depth waters following large sea ice imports in 2019, whereas diluted Atlantic Water was found close to the surface during episodes in autumn 2018 following a long ice-free period. Thus, the advective imports of ocean water and sea ice from surrounding areas are both key drivers of ocean variability in the region.
Urinary tract infections in healthy women

Background: Urinary infection in otherwise healthy women has largely been a straightforward matter of diagnosis by identifying bacteria in the urine, and then cure by appropriate antibiotics. Recent research has shown this to be over-simplified. Evaluation of methods of self-management of symptoms has been neglected. Discussion: Firstly trial data show that women with what used to called 'urethral syndrome' (urinary symptoms but sterile urine) obtain relief from antibiotics. Other trial data have shown a surprisingly large placebo effect from the resolution of symptoms among women who feel their care has been 'positive'. In addition, data published this month in BMC Medicine show that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drugs provide symptom relief to women with conventional infections (positive urine bacteriology) as much as antibiotics. Conclusions: These recent findings provide an opportunity to consider how clinicians might change practice, and sets a new research agenda. We need to know (1) whether the effect of NSAIDs is replicable; (2) why some women in previous trials have had more symptoms if not treated with antibiotics sooner; (3) whether NSAIDs and antibiotics have an additive effect on relieving symptoms; (4) how we can harness the placebo effect better to assist out patients with this distressing and common complaint.
Interactive biogenic emissions and drought stress effects on atmospheric composition in NASA GISS ModelE

Abstract. Drought is a hydroclimatic extreme that causes perturbations to the terrestrial biosphere and acts as a stressor on vegetation, affecting emissions patterns. During severe drought, isoprene emissions are reduced. In this paper, we focus on capturing this reduction signal by implementing a new percentile isoprene drought stress (yd) algorithm in NASA GISS ModelE based on the MEGAN3 (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature Version 3) approach as a function of a photosynthetic parameter (Vc,max) and water stress (β). Four global transient simulations from 2003–2013 are used to demonstrate the effect without yd (Default_ModelE) and with online yd (DroughtStress_ModelE). DroughtStress_ModelE is evaluated against the observed isoprene measurements at the Missouri Ozarks AmeriFlux (MOFLUX) site during the 2012 severe drought where improvements in the correlation coefficient indicate it is a suitable drought stress parameterization to capture the reduction signal during severe drought. The application of yd globally leads to a decadal average reduction of ∼2.7 %, which is equivalent to ∼14.6 Tg yr−1 of isoprene. The changes have larger impacts in regions such as the southeastern US. DroughtStress_ModelE is validated using the satellite ΩHCHO column from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and surface O3 observations across regions of the US to examine the effect of drought on atmospheric composition. It was found that the inclusion of isoprene drought stress reduced the overestimation of ΩHCHO in Default_ModelE during the 2007 and 2011 southeastern US droughts and led to improvements in simulated O3 during drought periods. We conclude that isoprene drought stress should be tuned on a model-by-model basis because the variables used in the parameterization responses are relative to the land surface model hydrology scheme (LSM) and the effects of yd application could be larger than seen here due to ModelE not having large biases of isoprene during severe drought.
Effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on spontaneously hypertensive rats, an animal model of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The current treatment of choice for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is pharmacotherapy. A search for new treatment options is underway, however, as the wide application of drugs to the general population of patients with ADHD are limited by side effects and the variance of pharmacokinetic effects of the drugs in each patient. In the present study, we applied repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive treatment used in a number of other psychiatric disorders, to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), an animal model of ADHD, in order to assess the efficacy of the treatment in modifying behavior symptoms as well as levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). A total of fifteen sessions of high-frequency rTMS treatment were administered. Behavior symptoms were observed using open field, Y-maze, and elevated plus-maze tests. Upon completion of the experiments, rats were sacrificed, and the neurochemical changes in brain tissue were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography and Western blotting. The SHRs treated with rTMS tended to exhibit less locomotor activity in the open field test over the course of treatment, but there was no improvement in inattention as measured by the Y-maze test. Furthermore, BDNF concentration increased and noradrenaline concentration decreased in the prefrontal cortex of SHRs treated with rTMS. The results of the present preclinical study indicate that rTMS may constitute a new modality of treatment for patients with ADHD, through further evaluation of specific treatment parameters as well as safety and efficacy in humans are required.
Design and development of planar reconfigurable motion generators

ABSTRACT This article presents the concept of a new class of mechanical devices for multi-phase motion generation tasks. Reconfigurable Motion Generators are a new class of mechanical devices that are designed for a specific part family and their associated motion generation tasks. The research endeavors to realize a novel concept for Reconfigurable Motion Generators (RMGs) for multi-phase planar motion generation. Reconfigurable Motion Generators are capable of configuration changes according to variations in the motion generation requirements. Thus, Reconfigurable Motion Generators bridge the gap between the relative high flexibility and high cost of totally flexible devices (e.g., industrial robots) and the low flexibility and low cost of fully dedicated devices (e.g., cams and linkages). This paper introduces the concept of Reconfigurable Motion Generators that may be deployed in various automated manufacturing environments involving multi-phase motion generation tasks. The development, manufacturing, and testing of a prototype and the control system for a planar Reconfigurable Motion Generator based on a five-bar mechanism are discussed.
When information about one ’ s counterpart matters Prevention focus increases the impact of counterpart cues on negotiation behavior

Purpose – To avoid (costly) con ﬂ ict, it is imperative to uncover when negotiators cooperate. The previous study has shown that negotiators ’ cooperative or competitive behavior is oftentimes guided by cues about their counterpart; information about his/her traits or behavior. Using regulatory focus theory, this paper aims to investigate when this is likely to happen. The authors hypothesize and test that because prevention focus (rather than promotion focus) is associated with concerns for safety and concrete surroundings, it strengthens theimpact ofcounterpartcues. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used two scenario studies and one behavioral negotiation study to test the general hypothesis. The authors measured or manipulated participants ’ regulatory focus, manipulated counterpart cues by varying the information negotiators received about their counterpart ’ s traits andbehavior,andmeasuredparticipants ’ cooperativeorcompetitiveconcessionmakingbehavior. Findings – Results from the studies con ﬁ rmed that under prevention focus, negotiators ’ cooperative behavior depended on whether they received cooperative versus competitive counterpart cues more than under promotion focus. Furthermore, results also showed that under prevention focus, negotiators ’ behavior was relativelyunaffected bytheir own social motivation – i.e. their personalgoalto obtainfavorable outcomes foroneself orfor both negotiationparties. Originality/value – By showing that regulatory focus determines when counterpart cues affect negotiation behavior, this paper furthers the understanding of when contextual factors affect negotiators ’ behavior. In addition,itcontributestotheunderstandingofthecomplexeffectsofpreventionfocusininterpersonalbehavior.
SE Asian writing systems: a challenge to current models of visual information processing in reading

The focus of this chapter is on reading non-Roman writing systems, in particular Thai and Chinese, and on how it can enhance our understanding of the reading process in general. A specific focus is on the visual information processing aspects of reading and on the computational modelling of these processes. It will be argued that the focus of current modelling efforts on Roman-derived alphabetic writing systems has limited the generality of the resulting models. Two research issues will be addressed: (1) the effective targetting by the eye of words in an unspaced writing system and (2) the parallel processing of more than one word in a fixation. The former issue poses serious problems for all current models of eye movement control in reading, while the answer to the question posed by the latter issue can, arguably, be found by looking to data from Chinese readers.
ON THE MECHANISM OF PHOTONEUTRON REACTIONS AT LIGHT TELLURIUM ISOTOPES IN THE 10–18 MeV INTERVAL

The yield of the 122 Te ( 𝛾, 𝑛 ) 121 Te reaction is measured, and its cross-section is calculated in a gamma-ray energy interval of 10–18 MeV. The obtained cross-section is compared with the cross-section of the reaction 120 Te ( 𝛾, 𝑛 ) 119 Te. The experimental results are compared with those of theoretical calculations performed with the use of the software package TALYS-1.9. The statistical mechanism dominant in ( 𝛾, 𝑛 ) reactions at the studied nuclei is found.
Comparisonof Fluorine-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose and Carbon-il-Methionine in Head and Neck Cancer

ical grading of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (5), musculo skeletal tumors (6â€”7) and liver tumors (8), but not with lung (1) or head and neck tumors (9â€”10). Another useful tracer for oncologic PET studies is L-methyl-â€•C-methionine(â€œC-methionine). Methionine is an essential amino acid that is needed for polyamine and protein synthesis, and transsulphurationand transmethyl ation reactions. Tumor cells have altered overall trans methylation and methionine metabolism (11), and the in creased â€œC-methionine utilizationof cancerous tissue can
Ionic Electroactive Polymer Devices: Physics-Based Modeling with Experimental Investigation and Verification

iii Acknowledgements . v Dedication . vi List of Tables . ix List of Figures . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Problem Statement . 3 Chapter 2: Background . 5 Chapter 3: Sensing and Actuation Framework for Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites . 11 Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Governing Physics . 12 Modeling Approach . 16 Experimental Procedure . 19 Results . 20 Back Relaxation . 21 Frequency Response . 25 Frequency Response of an IPMC to Shear Loading . 27 Finite Element Simulations of Tube-Shaped Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Sensors . 29 Model Implementation . 30 Sample Preparation and Experimental Setup . 32 Experimental and Simulation Results . 35 Chapter 4: Electrode Effects of IPMCs . 42 Physics-Based Modeling Encompassing Variable Electrode Surface Resistance . 42
Expression of the hst-l and c-kit Protooncogenes in Human Testicular Germ Cell Tumors1

Seventy testicular germ cell tumors Â»ereanalyzed at the DNA and RNA levels for the c-kit, hst-\, and Â¡nt-2oncogenes using Northern and Southern blot analyses, respectively. There were significant differences in oncogene expression between seminomas and nonseminomas with c-kit being expressed in 24 of 30 (80%) seminomas but in only 3 of 40 (7%) nonseminomatous tumors (/' = 0.0001, \ ' test) and hst-\ being expressed in 24 of 38 (63%) nonseminomas but only 1 of 24 (4%) of seminomas (P = 0.0001, x2 test), demonstrating an inverse relationship in the expression pattern of these 2 oncogenes in human testicular germ cell tumors. A significant association between tumor stage and //. vi-1 expression in the nonseminoma group was found l/' = 0.0002, x2 test). No gross alterations in the c-kit, hst-l, and im-1 loci were found at the DNA level and no Â¡nt-2mRNA expression was detected in any of the germ cell tumors examined. been conducted at the molecular level. One study has shown overexpression of the c-myc protein detected Â¡mmunhistochem-ically in some testicular tumors and hst-l overexpression has been found in a small number of of germ cell
Monosaccharide Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Adherence to Human Solid-Phase Fibronectin

1. Hale TL, Oaks EV, Formal SB. Identification and antigenic characterization of virulence-associated, plasmid-coded proteins of Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 1985;50:620-9 2. Oaks EV, Hale TL, Formal SB. Serum immune response to Shigella protein antigens in rhesus monkeys and humans infected with Shigella spp. Infect Immun 1986;53:57-63 3. Hale TL, Sansonetti PJ, Schad PA, Austin S, Formal SB. Characterization of virulence plasmids and plasmidassociated outer membrane proteins in Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, and Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 1983;40:340-5
Minimizing riverine impacts of endosulfan used in cotton farming : A science into practice environmental success story

A major collaborative research program, Minimising the Impact of Pesticides on the Riverine Environment, responded to community and regulatory pressure about perceived widespread pollution of waterways, including incidences of fish kills attributed to the Australian cotton industry. Subsequently, research and industry knowledge has led to on-farm best practices covering all aspects of pesticide application and management. This has resulted in substantially reduced riverine contamination and a more self-confident cotton industry. The key principles that engendered these positive outcomes were: effective research collaboration between the cotton industry, research funders, research providers and regulators; high quality research on targeted questions; jointly developed solutions with cotton farmers; and a best practice framework to deliver the solutions through a self-managed industry process. This formula has resulted in one of Australia's leading examples of achieving sustainable environmental management.
Production and quality of cowpea seeds desiccated with saflufenacil and flumioxazin 1

: The use of desiccants allows to anticipate cowpea harvest at a time closer to physiological maturity. The desiccants saflufenacil and flumioxazin promote the drying and falling of leaves and loss of water from seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of saflufenacil and flumioxazin doses applied to the cowpea crop on the production and quality of seeds at harvest and after storage for six months. Two experiments were carried out in a split-plot design (5 × 2). In the first experiment, the main factor consisted of saflufenacil doses (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 g ai ha -1 ), while the second factor consisted of evaluation periods (after harvest and six months after harvest). In the second experiment, the main factor consisted of flumioxazin doses (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 g ai ha -1 ) and the second factor consisted of the same evaluation periods. The treatments were designed in randomized blocks, with four replications. Saflufenacil application from 25 g ha -1 compromised the yield components and technological quality, while flumioxazin doses did not affect the yield components. Storage at 20 °C for six months decreased the physiological quality of seeds. Flumioxazin application at cowpea harvest promoted uniformity of maturity and harvest anticipation, without compromising the physiological quality after harvest.
Predicting Muscle Activations in a Forward-Inverse Dynamics Framework Using Stability-Inspired Optimization and an In Vivo-Based 6DoF Knee Joint

Modeling and simulations are useful tools to help understand knee function and injuries. As there are more muscles in the human knee joint than equations of motion, optimization protocols are required to solve a problem. The purpose of this thesis was to improve the biofidelity of these simulations by adding in vivo constraints derived from experimental intracortical pin data and stability-inspired objective functions within an OpenSim-Matlab forwardinverse dynamics simulation framework on lower limb muscle activation predictions. Results of this project suggest that constraining the model knee joint’s ranges of motion with pin data had a significant impact on lower limb kinematics, especially in rotational degrees of freedom. This affected muscle activation predictions and knee joint loading when compared to unconstrained kinematics. Furthermore, changing the objective will change muscle activation predictions although minimization of muscle activation as an objective remains more accurate than the stability inspired functions, at least for gait. La modelisation et les simulations in-silico sont des outils importants pour approfondir notre comprehension de la fonction du genou et ses blessures. Puisqu’il y a plus de muscles autour du genou humain que d’equations de mouvement, des procedures d’optimisation sont requises pour resoudre le systeme. Le but de cette these etait d’explorer l’effet de changer l’objectif de cette optimisation a des fonctions inspirees par la stabilite du genou par l’entremise d’un cadre de simulation de dynamique directe et inverse utilisant MatLab et OpenSim ainsi qu'un model musculo-squeletaire contraint cinematiquement par des donnees experimentales derivees de vis intra-corticales, sur les predictions d’activation musculaire de la jambe.