Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chinese Megablock Urbanism a Tool of Limitless Urbanization at an Unprecedented Speed and Scale

In what way can the study of megablock typologies in the PRD deliver better insight in terms of process and scales of Chinese urbanization? In the Chinese context, the ‘collective’ has stood central to its urbanisms and processes of urbanization (Lu, 2006). As a state where ownership and territoriality are retained by a socialist system, the basic elements of this (urban) model have remained the creation of collective housing founded on publicly owned land. From the ‘neighbourhood-unit' ( 邻里单位 ) and ‘working-unit’ ( 单位大院 ), to ‘commodity housing’ ( 商品房 ) (Lu, 2006), these practices gradually shape Chinese cities in “Socialism with Chinese characteristics” into what can only be termed ‘megablock’ urban fabrics. Where, ‘Mega’ infrastructure in cities, or better yet, megablocks, embody the of open and transparent entities. Beyond its organization with the physical network or public service), they impact the urbanization process in terms speed and scale. model. The argument presented here hopes to touch upon the links between planning and the eventual morphological expression of megablock development, and possibly argue for the cultivation of an urbanization practice that needs to become systematic in its sustainable focus and outcomes.
Sortledton: a universal, transactional graph data structure

Despite the wide adoption of graph processing across many different application domains, there is no underlying data structure that can serve a variety of graph workloads (analytics, traversals, and pattern matching) on dynamic graphs with transactional updates. In this paper, we present Sortledton, a universal graph data structure that addresses the open problem by being carefully optimizing for the most relevant data access patterns used by graph computation kernels. It can support millions of transactional updates per second, while providing competitive performance (1.22x on average) for the most common graph workloads to the best-known baseline for static graphs - CSR. With this, we improve the ingestion throughput over state-of-the-art dynamic graph data structures, while supporting a wider range of graph computations under transactional guarantees, with a much simpler design and significantly smaller memory footprint (2.1x that of CSR).
pCO2 system in the coastal region of the Baltic Sea

The direction and magnitude of carbon dioxide exchange ::::: fluxes between the atmosphere and the sea is regulated by their difference in ::: are :::::::: regulated :: by ::: the :::::::: gradient :: in ::: the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) ::::: pCO2):::::: across ::: the :::::: air–sea ::::::: interface. Typically, observations of pCO2 ::::: pCO2:: at::: the:::: sea :::::: surface:are carried out by using research vessels and voluntary observing ships which cannot easily detect :::::::: Voluntary ::::::::: Observing ::::: Ships, :::::: which :::::: usually :: do ::: not ::::::: resolve the diurnal cycle of pCO2 ::::: pCO2 at a given location. This study evaluates the magnitude and driving processes of the diurnal cycle of pCO2::::: pCO2:in a 5 coastal region of the Baltic Seaduring the different seasons. We present pCO2 ::::: pCO2 data from July 2018 – : to:June 2019 carried out :::::::: measured in the vicinity of the island of Utö in the Archipelago Sea : at ::: the ::::: outer :::: edge :: of ::: the :::::::::: Archipelago :::: Sea, : and quantify the relevant physical, biological : , and chemical processes affecting pCO2::::::::: controlling::::: pCO2. The highest monthly median diurnal pCO2 peak-to-peak amplitude : of::::::: diurnal ::::: pCO2::::::::: variability (31 μatm) was observed in August . This high diurnal variation was found to be related predominantly to ::: and :::::::::::: predominantly :::::: driven ::: by biological processes. The biological transformations 10 :::::::: Biological ::::::: fixation :::: and :::::::::::: mineralisation of carbon generated a sinusoidal diurnal pCO2 variation, with a maximum :::::::: sinusoidal :::::: diurnal ::::: pCO2 :::::::: variations,:::: with::::::: maxima:in the morning and a minimum:::::: minima:in the afternoon. Compared to ::: with:the biological carbon transformations, the effect of air-sea excange of carbon dioxide and the effect of ::::: impact :: of :::::: air–sea :::::: fluxes ::: and temperature changes on pCO2 are smaller:::: pCO2::::: were::::: small, with their monthly median peak-to-peak amplitudes were ::::::::::: contributions :: to::: the ::::::: monthly ::::::: medians :: of :::::: diurnal ::::: pCO2::::::::: variability::::: being:up to 12 and 5 μatm, respectively. Single diurnal peak-to-peak amplitudes 15 can be significantly larger :::::: During ::::::::: upwelling :::::: events, ::::::::: short-term ::::: pCO2 :::::::: variability:(up to 500 μatm ), during upwelling::::: within:: a :::: day) :::::: largely :::::::: exceeded ::: the :::: usual ::::::: diurnal ::::: cycle. If the net exchange ::::: annual :::::: air–sea :::: flux : of carbon dioxide between the sea and
Wildfires, Smoky Days, and Labor Supply ∗

We study the impact of air pollution on labor supply in Chile. We use the exogenous incidence of wildfires between 2010 and 2018 to identify the causal impact of air pollution on labor supply. We complement the literature that focuses on health or worker productivity and empirically estimate the economic costs of air pollution. We adopt a reduced form approach to estimate the economic impact of experiencing an additional smoky day on the number of hours worked, based on the random assignment of the day of visit for the National Labor Survey and the exogenous occurrence of wildfires. We find that a marginal increase of air pollution due to an extra smoky day leads to a 2.6 percent reduction in hours worked for the average Chilean worker. The effect is more substantial for male workers, mainly involved in outdoor tasks (such as agriculture) and poor households, where the negative effect of air pollution is up to four times higher. These results complement existing productivity results, suggesting that air pollution may have a more critical impact on production than previously thought. our We run a of robustness tests on the definition and measure of fires, on different regions, we also run three separate placebo tests. Our results are robust to all these variations. We estimate the effect of air on labor by gathering satellite-based reanalysis to in In addition, we also generate smoke plumes from wildfires to capture the effect of wildfire on air Using the
A Probabilistic Framework for Analyzing Moral Perspectives in the COVID-19 Vaccine Debate

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to infodemic of 001 low quality information leading to poor health 002 decisions. Combating the outcomes of this info-003 demic is not only a question of identifying false 004 claims, it requires understanding the reasoning 005 behind the decisions individuals make. In this 006 work we propose a holistic analysis framework 007 connecting stance and reason analysis and fine-008 grained entity level moral sentiment analysis. 009 We study how to model the dependencies be-010 tween the different level of analysis and incor-011 porate human insights into the learning process. 012 Our experiments show that our framework can 013 robust classifiers even in the low-supervision 014 settings. 015
The processing of ambiguous pronominal reference is sensitive to depth of processing

Previous studies on the processing of ambiguous pronominal reference have led to contradictory results: some suggested that ambiguity may hinder processing (Stewart, Holler, & Kidd, 2007), while others showed an ambiguity advantage (Grant, Sloggett, & Dillon, 2020) similar to what has been reported for structural ambiguities. This study provides a conceptual replication of Stewart et al. (2007, Experiment 1), to examine whether the discrepancy in earlier results is caused by the processing depth that participants engage in (cf. Swets, Desmet, Clifton, & Ferreira, 2008). We present the results from a word-by-word self-paced reading experiment with Dutch sentences that contained a personal pronoun in an embedded clause that was either ambiguous or disambiguated through gender features. Depth of processing of the embedded clause was manipulated through offline comprehension questions. The results showed that the difference in reading times for ambiguous versus unambiguous sentences depends on the processing depth: a significant ambiguity penalty was found under deep processing but not under shallow processing. No significant ambiguity advantage was found, regardless of processing depth. This replicates the results in Stewart et al. (2007) using a different methodology and a larger sample size for appropriate statistical power. These findings provide further evidence that ambiguous pronominal reference resolution is a flexible process, such that the way in which ambiguous sentences are processed depends on the depth of processing of the relevant information. Theoretical and methodological implications of these findings are discussed.
Reconstructing 6-hourly PM 2.5 datasets from 1960 to 1 2020 in China 2

16 Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) has altered radiation balance on earth and raised environmental and 17 health risks for decades, but only been monitored widely since 2013 in China. Historical long-term 18 PM 2.5 records with high temporal resolution are essential but lacking for both research and 19 environmental management. Here, we reconstruct a site-based PM 2.5 dataset at 6-hour intervals from 20 1960 to 2020 that combines long-term visibility, conventional meteorological observations, 21 emissions, and elevation. The PM 2.5 concentration at each site is estimated based on an advanced 22 machine learning model, LightGBM, that takes advantage of spatial features from 20 surrounding 23 meteorological stations. Our model's performance is comparable or even better than those of 24 previous studies in by-year cross validation (CV) (R 2 =0.7) and spatial CV (R 2 =0.76), and more 25 advantageous in long-term records and high temporal resolution. This model also reconstructs a 26 0.25°×0.25°, 6-hourly, gridded PM 2.5 dataset by incorporating spatial features. The results show 27 PM 2.5 pollution worsens gradually or maintains before 2010 from an interdecadal scale but mitigates 28 in the following decade. Although the turning points vary in different regions, PM 2.5 mass 29 concentrations in key regions decreased significantly after 2013 due to clean air actions. In particular, 30 the annual average value of PM 2.5 in 2020 is nearly at the lowest value in history since 1960. These 31 two PM 2.5 datasets (publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6372847) provide 32 spatiotemporal variations at high resolution, which lay the foundation of research studies associated 33 with air pollution, climate change, and atmospheric chemical reanalysis. based on 674 publicly available 101 meteorological stations. Gui et al. (2020) constructed a virtual daily PM 2.5 network at 1180 102 meteorological sites between 2017-2018. Our previous research also shows that the visibility-based 103 machine learning model that takes advantage of spatial features has great potential in reconstructing 104 historical PM 2.5 datasets with long-term records and high temporal resolution (Zhong et al., 2021). 105 In this study, we reconstruct a site-based PM 2.5 dataset at 6-hour intervals from 1960 to 2020 based 106 on long-term visibility and conventional meteorological observations from ~2450 national stations, 107 together with emissions and elevation. The PM 2.5 concentration at each site is estimated based on a 108 Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) model that takes advantage of spatial features from 109 20 surrounding meteorological stations. By incorporating spatial features, this model also 110 reconstructs a 0.25°×0.25°, 6-hourly, gridded PM 2.5 dataset. These two PM 2.5 datasets provide 111 spatiotemporal variations at high resolution, which constitute the basis for research studies 112 associated with air pollution, climate change, and atmospheric chemical reanalysis.
Creating a Feature Space for the Annotation of Preposition Senses in German

They present an anomaly in the grammar because they violate the rule on the realization of countable singular nouns, viz. that such nouns have to appear with a determiner. For some time, PNCs have been treated as exceptions, but recent research has shown that they are indeed productive and no more idiomatic than other phrasal combinations (Dömges et al., 2007, Kiss, 2007). In search of licensing conditions for PNCs it turns out that not every P can appear in a PNC, so that we limit our analysis to the following prepositions:
A Broadband Two-stage MMIC Medium-power Amplifler

A broadband two-stage MMIC medium-power amplifler operating from 6{20GHz is developed for EW and communication applications using 0.15"m low-noise PHEMT process. The amplifler use a single 3-volt DC power supply, each gain stage is self-biased for class-A operation for optimal power output with minimal distortion, the two-stage feedback power amplifler has 16.5dB small signal gain with 2.0 typical noise flgure and input and output VSWRs less than 1.7 over 6{20GHz, the output power at 1dB compression is 16.0dBm at 20GHz. The current trend in microwave technology is toward circuit miniaturization high-level integra- tion, improved reliability, low power consumption, cost reduction, and high volume applications. Component size and performance are prime factors in the design of electronic systems for satel- lite communications, phased-array radar systems, electronic warfare, and other military applica- tions, while small size and low cost drive the consumer electronics market. The broadband MMIC medium-power ampliflers based on PHEMT technology just agree with the above requirements. They play an increasing role in consumer electronics and military applications (1). There are vari- ous techniques used to realize broadband power ampliflers: balanced circuit (2), feedback (3), active matching (4), resistive matching (5), distributed approach (6,7). The negative feedback topology has a drawback of the degradation of the gain. Generally, the chip size of the distributed and balanced amplifler is limited by the bandwidth of the transmission line and the coupler (8). In this paper, a broadband two-stage MMIC medium-power amplifler from 6{20GHz is devel- oped for EW and communication applications using 0.15"m low-noise PHEMT process. The flrst stage PHEMT with gate width of 6 £ 30"m was used to drive the second stage PHEMT with gate width of 6 £ 70"m. With a single 3-volt DC power supply, each gain stage is self-biased for class-A operation for optimal power output with minimal distortion, the two-stage feedback medium-power amplifler has 16:5 § 0:5dB small signal gain with 2.0 typical noise flgure and in- put and output VSWRs are less than 1.7 over 6{20GHz. The output power at 1dB compression are 16.0dBm at 20GHz, the designing simulation results indicate that this method is simple and feasible.
Environmental comfort models for individual occupants

Synopsis Conventional models of building occupants’ environmental preferences such as thermal comfort are used to give guidelines for the average environmental conditions that will satisfy large groups of people. The research described in this paper investigates how the preferences of an individual occupant can be modelled to predict their preferred thermal and environmental conditions. A novel, Internet based questionnaire was developed to gather thermal sensation votes. Using 361 subjective responses various models were used to predict the thermal sensation vote of the occupant and the results were compared with the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the actual vote. Preliminary results show that Neuro-Fuzzy model produces better results than PMV, Parametric and Fuzzy models.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The influence of sexual music videos on adolescents' misogynistic beliefs: the role of video content, gender, and affective engagement

Research on how sexual music videos affect beliefs related to sexual aggression is rare and has not differentiated between the effects of music videos by male and female artists. Moreover, little is known about the affective processes that underlie the effects of sexual music videos. Using data from a nationally representative three-wave panel survey among 1,204 Dutch adolescents, structural equation modeling showed that viewing sexual music videos by male artists increased the acceptance of female token resistance (i.e., the notion that women say “no” to sex when they actually mean “yes”) among adolescent girls, but not adolescent boys. Furthermore, viewing sexual music videos by male artists influenced girls’ acceptance of token resistance indirectly via affective engagement. The findings suggest that effects of sexual music videos on stereotypical sexual beliefs depend on the specific type of music video and viewers’ gender, and can be partly explained by viewers’ affective engagement. cognitive, emotional, and social effects of media contents and tech-nologies on
Methods for Evaluation of Speech Enhancement Algorithms

Communication systems play the key role in contemporary combat operations. These systems, which can be either onboard or man-wearable, are working in very noisy environment. The noise coming from the vehicle itself and onboard combat systems is entering communication channel via microphones of personal headsets and handsets. Thanks to digital speech processing algorithms it is possible to suppress these annoying background signals. This can be done with speech enhancement algorithms. The target is to gain clear speech of high intelligibility and high quality. This paper presents the methods generally recommended for the evaluation of speech enhancement algorithms in terms of speech quality. Thanks to this knowledge, the best speech enhancement algorithm can be found in practice.
People Recognition for Loja ECU911 applying artiﬁcial vision techniques

This article presents a technological proposal based on artiﬁcial vision which aims to search people in an intelligent way by using IP video cameras. Currently, manual searching process is time and resource demanding in contrast to automated searching one, which means that it could be replaced. In order to obtain optimal results, three different techniques of artiﬁcial vision were analyzed (Eigenfaces, Fisherfaces, Local Binary Patterns Histograms). The selection process considered factors like lighting changes, image quality and changes in the angle of focus of the camera. Besides, a literature review was conducted to evaluate several points of view regarding artiﬁcial vision techniques.
Characterization of Active Sonar Targets

Characterization of Active Sonar Targets by Daniel Schupp-Omid We present a method of characterization of active sonar target response that makes use of a combination of physics-driven Gabor dictionaries and ellipsoidal feature manifolds. The key innovation is the combination of the useful characteristics of the Gabor wavelet with an empirical approach to dictionary selection for underwater acoustics. The feature manifolds are represented as a set of ellipsoids, each of which geometrically encompasses a unique physical characteristic of the target’s response. We demonstrate over experimental field data that this combination of approaches yields significant clustering behavior and high accuracy on real-world datasets.
Supply Chain Proximity and Product Quality

We estimate the effect of supply chain proximity on product quality. Merging four automotive data sets, we create a supply chain sample that reports the failure rate of 27,807 auto components, the location of 529 upstream component factories, and the location of 275 downstream assembly plants. We find that defect rates are higher when upstream and downstream factories are farther apart. Specifically, we estimate that increasing the distance between an upstream component factory and a downstream assembly plant by an order of magnitude increases the component’s expected defect rate by 3.9%. We find that quality improves more slowly across geographically dispersed supply chains. We also find that supply chain distance is more detrimental to quality when automakers produce early-generation models or high-end products, when they buy components with more complex configurations, or when they source from suppliers who invest relatively little in research and development. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Dip-angle domain specularity filter design in relation with subsurface offset extended RTM

Common-image gathers (CIGs) in the dip-angle domain may be computed in relation with wave-equation migration methods such as RTM, extended by the subsurface offset. It involves the application of a post-migration local Radon transform on the subsurface offset extended image. In the dip-angle domain, seismic reflections are focused around the specular dip-angle of reflection. This focusing distinguishes them from any other event in the image space. We propose to incorporate the dip-angle information about the presence of specular reflections to eliminate noise and artifacts in the prestack image. We design a specularity filter in the dip-angle domain that recognizes and passes events associated with specular reflections, while supressing other sorts of non-specular signal. In particular, our filter provides a method for the suppression of kinematic artifacts, commonly generated by wave-equation migration in the subsurface offset domain.
Information Technology Projects System Development Life Cycles: Comparative Study

This chapter will discuss more than 20 system development life cycles (SDLC) found in the Information Technology project management arena, whereby, a comprehensive overview of the SDLCs history as well as the trigger that instigated its development would be laid out. Subsequently, the chapter will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using SDLC, whereby the chapter will explain where and when to use which SDLC. As such, the chapter will classify the different SDLCs into three non-exclusive categories: Traditional methodologies, agile methodologies, spiral methodologies and other types of methodologies that used in IT project Management. INtrODUctION System development life cycle (SDLC) engulfs the whole system life cycle. Not only spanning over the feasibility study, analysis, specification, design, development; but also encompassing the aspects resonating in the operations, maintenance and enhancement, which would take place only after the system has been accepted by the end user. Additionally, Project encapsulates the management environment set up, whereby ensuring delivery of specifically tailored business product to cater to a pre-defined business case. As such, Project does not cover all stages of system life cycle and covers mostly the technical deliverables. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-400-2.ch009
Research on PGC Demodulation Algorithm of Interference Fiber Sensor

Phase generated carrier(PGC) demodulation technology is a kind of homodyne demodulation algo rithm widely used in interference fiber sensor systems. The definition and modulation principle of PGC are intro duced briefly. Different kinds of demodulation algorithms are analyzed and the results show that the demodulation signal is affected by the amplitude of interference signals and modulation depth. The distortion of demodulation sig nals is greatly decreased by eliminating these impacts. Moreover, the sampling frequency can be reduced by using the mixing carrier with lower orders. The results have significant theoretical reference value on the demodulation technology of interference fiber sensors.