Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Couples-Based Approach to the Problem of Workless Families

The objective of this paper is to evaluate a 'couples-based' policy intervention designed to reduce the number of Australian families with dependent children in which no adult was in paid employment. Selected women on family benefits (who were partnered with men receiving unemployment benefits) were randomly invited to participate in an interview process designed to identify strategies for increasing economic and social participation. The overall effect of the interview process led to lower hours of work among family benefit recipients, but to greater participation in job search and in study or training for work-related reasons. Whether women were interviewed with their partner or not had no effect on the level of economic activity of participants.
GW170817 Most Likely Made a Black Hole

There are two outstanding issues regarding the neutron-star merger event GW170817: the nature of the compact remnant and the interstellar shock. The mass of the remnant of GW170817, ∼2.7 , implies that the remnant could be either a massive rotating neutron star, or a black hole. We report Chandra Director’s Discretionary Time observations made in 2017 December and 2018 January, and we reanalyze earlier observations from 2017 August and 2017 September, in order to address these unresolved issues. We estimate the X-ray flux from a neutron star remnant and compare that to the measured X-ray flux. If we assume that the spin-down luminosity of any putative neutron star is converted to pulsar wind nebula X-ray emission in the 0.5–8 keV band with an efficiency of 10−3, for a dipole magnetic field with 3 × 1011 G < B < 1014 G, a rising X-ray signal would result and would be brighter than that observed by day 107; we therefore conclude that the remnant of GW170817 is most likely a black hole. Independent of any assumptions of X-ray efficiency, however, if the remnant is a rapidly rotating magnetized neutron star, the total energy in the external shock should rise by a factor ∼102 (to ∼1052 erg) after a few years; therefore, Chandra observations over the next year or two that do not show substantial brightening will rule out such a remnant. The same observations can distinguish between two different models for the relativistic outflow, either an angular or radially varying structure.
Factors affecting farm diversification in rice-wheat

The risk in agriculture sector is due to various factors like weather and market conditions, particularly the demand of the commodities. This uncertainty can result in variable returns (farm income) to the decisions that farmers make in a particular season. Diversification is a frequently used risk management strategy that involves participation in more than one activity. It has the added advantage of mitigating price risk as well as fluctuations in outputs. The main purpose of this paper was to determine the factors affecting crop diversification. For determining the effect of different factors on diversification a multiple regression model was used. The values of Entropy index computed for measuring horizontal diversification were taken as dependent variable and different factors affecting diversification were taken as independent variables. The results showed that the main factors affecting diversification were size of land holding, age of respondent, education level of respondent, farming experience of respondent, off farm income of respondent, distance of farm from main road, distance of farm from main market and farm machinery.
A New Method for Constructing TV User Profiles Based on Micro-blog

In order to recommend TV programs and advertisements for TV audiences more efficiently, a new method of constructing diversified and accurate TV user profiles is proposed. In our method, the micro-blog users and the TV users will be treated as the same users because they are concerned about the TV programs; hence, the tags of micro-blog users are obtained by the web crawler first, then micro-blog users data are applied to build the model and use this model to predict the TV user's tags. In order to evaluate the accuracy of user profiles, we use the real viewing logs for a month. Our method is then evaluated by the content-based recommendation system. Experimental results show, compared with other algorithms, our method features better performance in the Precision and Area Under Curve (AUC). Thus, the method of using micro-blog data to construct TV user profiles is an effective solution.
Electron scattering mechanisms in GZO films grown on a-sapphire substrates by plasma-enhanced molecular beam epitaxy

We report on the mechanisms governing electron transport using a comprehensive set of ZnO layers heavily doped with Ga (GZO) grown by plasma-enhanced molecular-beam epitaxy on a-plane sapphire substrates with varying oxygen-to-metal ratios and Ga fluxes. The analyses were conducted by temperature dependent Hall measurements which were supported by microstructural investigations as well. Highly degenerate GZO layers with n > 5 × 1020 cm−3 grown under metal-rich conditions (reactive oxygen-to-metal ratio <1) show relatively larger grains (∼20–25 nm by x-ray diffraction) with low-angle boundaries parallel to the polar c-direction. For highly conductive GZO layers, ionized-impurity scattering with almost no compensation is the dominant mechanism limiting the mobility in the temperature range from 15 to 330 K and the grain-boundary scattering governed by quantum-mechanical tunnelling is negligible. However, due to the polar nature of ZnO having high crystalline quality, polar optical phonon scattering cannot b.
The Interaction between Prosocial (Giving) Behaviours and Social Cohesion

A controlled experiment establishes that differences in relational proximity can evoke or suppress a willingness to give to an unrelated cause. Four treatment groups underwent the same set of exercises but two in a closer relational environment and two in a more distant relational environment. Half of the subjects in each relational environment further received an unannounced doubling of pay. On exit, all participants had the option to give to charity. The experiment showed that the charitable giving was driven by relational factors, not by pay. We can learn that pro-social (pro-giving) inclinations interact with the wider social environment, and that these complex relational parameters may be evaluated by easy-to-measure giving patterns.
Evaluation of alternative distribution network design strategies

A statistical distribution network design tool has been developed to quantitatively assess the impact of alternative distribution network investment plans in terms of capital costs, losses and reliability. In contrast to idealistic and network specific design approaches, this paper presents a statistical assessment approach in which the optimal network design policies are determined by evaluating the costs and benefits of different designs applied on a number of networks with similar properties such as consumer distributions, types, numbers and load density. Simulations have been carried out on multiple voltage levels (LV, MV and HV).
Simulation of Droplet Impingement on Solid Surface by the Level Set Method

This paper studied the dynamic behavior of a glycerin droplet impinging onto a dry solid substrate using the conservative Level Set method in COMSOL. The droplet impingement process was presented to show the droplet shape and velocity field evolution during the spreading and recoiling of glycerin on a glass surface and a wax surface. The spreading processes on the two surfaces with different surface wettability are similar, but the recoiling processes are different. The spreading factor and apex height evolution of glycerin spreading on a wax surface were compared with the experimental results and good agreements were found. A thorough study of Level Set parameters was also conducted to see their effects on the results.
Users Viewing Exhibit Similarity-based Contents Recommendation Service by Activity Recognition

We developed a user’s viewing path similarity-based contents recommendation algorithm using LBS (Location Based Services). However, the previous research had a problem that it might recommend contents related with exhibits which users did not like because it divides an exhibition into the areas and recommends contents based on them. To solve this problem, we propose the service based on activity recognition using 3-axis accelerometer sensor. In this service, it is determined by analysis of user’s movements that the corresponding user is moving or viewing. Also, it measures the viewing time that the user spent on viewing exhibits and determines user’s location using LBS. It might recommend more suitable contents to the user's taste because it focuses on the exhibits which users actually watch long.
Application of Persistent Homology in Signal and Image Denoising

Motivated by recent developments in topological persistence for assessment of the importance of features in data sets, we study the ideas of persistence homology for one-dimensional digital signals and its application in signal and image denoising. The notions of persistence homology and persistence pairs were introduced in for measuring the topological complexity of point sets in R3. Persistence pairs and corresponding persistence diagrams are well suited to quantify the topological significance of data structures and to develop a formalism for topological simplification. In case of one-dimensional digital signals the idea of topological persistence boils down to the problem of pairing suitable local minima and maxima of the signal. Considering the persistence pairs and the corresponding persistences not only for the signal f but also for -f, we propose the new notion of persistence distance of f. Transferring from f to -f switches the roles of the sets of local minima and local maxima of f. A comparison of the persistence pairs obtained for f and for -f already provides us with an important categorization tool. Persistence pairs occurring for both, f and -f, are less significant than those occurring only once, for f or for -f. We show that the persistence distance has a lot of favorable properties. Particularly, we show that the persistence distance is very closely related to the discrete total variation of f. This relation motivates us to employ the new notion of persistence distance for signal and image denoising. The new signal denosing method is based on the basic scheme of the celebrated ROF-model and makes use of the additional information given by persistence. It replaces the regularization term of ROF-model with persistence-weighted regularization term to obtain the persistence weighted ROF-model. In particular, the weights are taken in a way such that the denoised signal obtained by minimization of weighted ROF-functional preserves the essential peaks (discontinuities) of f well and yields good denoising performance at smooth subregions in f. Furthermore, a two dimensional persistence-weighted ROF model can be established where the weights are determined according to the one dimensional persistence information.
Estimating parameters in a land‐surface model by applying nonlinear inversion to eddy covariance flux measurements from eight FLUXNET sites

Flux measurements from eight global FLUXNET sites were used to estimate parameters in a process‐based, land‐surface model (CSIRO Biosphere Model (CBM), using nonlinear parameter estimation techniques. The parameters examined were the maximum photosynthetic carboxylation rate () the potential photosynthetic electron transport rate (jmax, 25) of the leaf at the top of the canopy, and basal soil respiration (rs, 25), all at a reference temperature of 25°C. Eddy covariance measurements used in the analysis were from four evergreen forests, three deciduous forests and an oak‐grass savanna. Optimal estimates of model parameters were obtained by minimizing the weighted differences between the observed and predicted flux densities of latent heat, sensible heat and net ecosystem CO2 exchange for each year. Values of maximum carboxylation rates obtained from the flux measurements were in good agreement with independent estimates from leaf gas exchange measurements at all evergreen forest sites. A seasonally varying and jmax, 25 in CBM yielded better predictions of net ecosystem CO2 exchange than a constant and jmax, 25 for all three deciduous forests and one savanna site. Differences in the seasonal variation of and jmax, 25 among the three deciduous forests are related to leaf phenology. At the tree‐grass savanna site, seasonal variation of and jmax, 25 was affected by interactions between soil water and temperature, resulting in and jmax, 25 reaching maximal values before the onset of summer drought at canopy scale. Optimizing the photosynthetic parameters in the model allowed CBM to predict quite well the fluxes of water vapor and CO2 but sensible heat fluxes were systematically underestimated by up to 75 W m−2.
7 Metal Transport in the Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis

Iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum and some other transition metals are essential nutrients (Fraustro da Silva and Williams 2001). They are constitutive elements of around half of the proteins of a typical cell (Andreini et al. 2008), where they may act as structural elements, such as zinc in the zinc fi nger domain, but mostly as key elements in the active site of enzymes involved in almost every physiological process, from oxidative respiration to photosynthesis. These elements are growth-limiting nutrients for autotrophic organisms, since they form very stable complexes, resulting in low solubility and making their uptake diffi cult (Ruel and Bouis 1998, Fung et al. 2000, Grotz and Guerinot 2006). Moreover, living beings cannot accumulate high amounts of essential transition metals, since these elements can catalyze the production of free radicals in Fenton-style reactions or compete with other metals for the active site of metalloenzymes (Goldstein et al. 1993, Ranquet et al. 2007, Macomber and Imlay 2009). This is also the basis of the toxic effect of non-biogenic metals such as cadmium, lead or mercury.
Ice optical thickness retrieval using SEVIRI-1/2/3 aboard the Meteosat 8-10 satellites: towards a cirrus life cycle analysis

COCS is a neural network trained with coincident SEVIRI (Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager) and CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) measurements in order to retrieve the ice optical thickness (IOT) and the ice cloud top altitude using the thermal channels of SEVIRI. In this paper the instrument dependence for the IOT retrieval of COCS is investigated using the three SEVIRI instruments aboard the operational Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellites as a first step towards the analysis of the cirrus life cycle. From a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis using COCS IOT together with SEVIRI false color RGB composites and IOT derived from CALIOP L2 data it is concluded that COCS has a clear instrument dependence and tends to overestimate the amount of thin ice clouds (IOT/0.30) in the tropics when applied to SEVIRI-2/3. COCS seems to be more accurate using SEVIRI-1 data and thus it is further concluded that SEVIRI-1 should be prioritized for natural and contrail cirrus analysis in the tropics unless this feature is alleviated with a re-training of COCS.
Study of Liquid Alkanes Production from Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates by Aldol-Condensation and Hydrogenation Processes

This research aims to synthesis liquid alkanes from biomass-derived hydroxyl methyl furfural (HMF) and furfural by aldol-condensation and hydrogenation processes over several catalysts i.e. TiO 2 , TiO 2 -ZrO 2 , Pd/Al 2 O 3 and Pd/CeO 2 . It was found that the catalysts make significant impact on the selectivity and yield of alkanes product. It is noted that Pd/Al 2 O 3 provided the highest alkane yield and selectivity. The aldol-condensation and hydrogenation of HMF over Pd/Al 2 O 3 provide high C12 selectivity whereas the aldol-condensation and hydrogenation of furfural over Pd/Al 2 O 3 provide high C8 selectivity. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction pressure and reaction time were then studied. The effect of inlet furfural to acetone molar ratio was also determined. It was also found that the optimized conditions to maximize the yield of alkane production from the aldol-condensation/hydrogenation of HMF and furfural are (i) at 53 o C and 24 hr for aldol-condenstation of HMF, (ii) 80 o C and 24 hr for aldol-condenstation of furfural, and (iii) 120 o C for 6 hr with HMF to acetone molar ratio of 3:1 and furfural to acetone molar ratio of 4:1 in the presence of Pd/Al 2 O 3 (calcined at 500 o C) for hydrogenation reaction.
Stumbling blocks of PPC: Towards the holistic configuration of PPC systems

Manufacturing companies often complain about the difficulties they face in meeting their customers’ logistic requirements. Many blame the perceived inadequacies of their production planning and control (PPC) software for their performance deficits. The paper illustrates why this is only a partial view of the causes of the shortcomings. PPC software is just one of six configuration aspects of the entire PPC system. The authors argue that the configuration of the PPC aspects objectives, processes, objects, functions, responsibilities and tools has to be carried out methodically and consistently in order for the PPC system to function properly. The analysis of examples of so-called ‘stumbling blocks’ of PPC, inadequate configurations of one or several of the aspects, supports this claim. The paper closes with the proposal of a checklist that the authors suggest as a first approach to ensure the consistent configuration of PPC systems.
Improving Viseme Recognition Using GAN-Based Frontal View Mapping

Deep learning methods have become the standard for Visual Speech Recognition problems due to their high accuracy results reported in the literature. However, while successful works have been reported for words and sentences, recognizing shorter segments of speech, like phones, has proven to be much more challenging due to the lack of temporal and contextual information. Also, head-pose variation remains a known issue for facial analysis with direct impact in this problem. In this context, we propose a novel methodology to tackle the problem of recognizing visemes – the visual equivalent of phonemes – using a GAN to artificially lock the face view into a perfect frontal view, reducing the view angle variability and simplifying the recognition task performed by our classification CNN. The GAN is trained using a large-scale synthetic 2D dataset based on realistic 3D facial models, automatically labelled for different visemes, mapping a slightly random view to a perfect frontal view. We evaluate our method using the GRID corpus, which was processed to extract viseme images and their corresponding synthetic frontal views to be further classified by our CNN model. Our results demonstrate that the additional synthetic frontal view is able to improve accuracy in 5.9% when compared with classification using the original image only.
Magnetic clouds and force‐free fields with constant alpha

Magnetic clouds observed at 1 AU are modeled as cylindrically symmetric, constant alpha force-free magnetic fields. The model satisfactorily explains the types of variations of the magnetic field direction that are observed as a magnetic cloud moves past a spacecraft in terms of the possible orientations of the axis of a magnetic cloud. The model also explains why the magnetic field strength is observed to be higher inside a magnetic cloud than near its boundaries. However, the model predicts that the magnetic field strength profile should be symmetric with respect to the axis of the magnetic cloud, whereas observations show that this is not generally the case.
Immunocytochemistry of Cytoskeleton Proteins

Being the most complex life units, eukaryotic cells have an elaborate infra – structure that is composed of filamentous proteins which all together form the skeleton of cells, “cytoskeleton”. The cytoskeletal proteins are not only responsible for the physical structure of the cells, but also are involved in cellular functions requiring rapid reorganization of the cytoskeletal structures. Microfilaments and microtubules are more predominantly involved in dynamic events of the cells, whereas intermediate filaments are mainly important for static structure of the cells. Both microfilaments and microtubules have control on movement within the cell. As the most prominent movement, intracellular protein trafficking is almost a continuous dynamic event, yet this protein trafficking is surpassed by more global dynamic movements of cells such as cell division, differentiation and migration processes. All of these minor and major dynamic events are orchestrated by microfilament and microtubule proteins by taking turns.
ASequentialParametricConvexApproximationMethod for SolvingBilinearMatrix Inequalities ⋆

The goal of this paper is to develop an algorithm for solving optimization problems subject to bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs), which are widely known to be of great significance in engineering, especially in control theory and its applications. Motivated by the convex-concave programming and path-following approaches, we propose a sequential convex optimization algorithm subject to a linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraint which approximates the BMI constraint. The feasible region of the LMIs is a convex inner approximation of that of the BMI constraints around the current iteration point. The approximations depend on variables that can be adjusted through the iterative convex subproblems. Its convergence property is also provided. In particular, it is proved that if all the feasible points satisfy the Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification, then there exists a subsequence of the subproblem solutions that converges to a stationary point of the BMI problem. Finally, an example of the static output-feedback controller design problem is provided for comparative analysis.
The Practice of Sport Psychology: A Youth Coaches' Perspective

This research qualitatively documents youth sport coaches' perspectives of sport psychology and sport psychology consultants (SPCs) in the United Kingdom. Youth coaches are a unique population yet to be examined, despite their significance to the development of athletes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight coaches who held a minimum of ten years experience with youth performers of a county to national level. Participants represented American football, hockey, soccer, and track and field. Inductive analysis identified twenty-four higher order themes, resulting in eight general dimensions: Role of sport psychology and SPCs, a sport psychologist's clientele, perceived work for sport psychologists, perception of where sport psychology belongs, expected characteristics of SPCs, professional accountability, and the facilitators and barriers of sport psychology. Results indicate youth coaches' support for the field of sport psychology, but the barriers SPCs face within youth sport are discussed. Consequently this article offers practitioners with applied solutions to overcome potential obstacles and improve current practices.