Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LINC to Life: Evaluation of a Safety Planning Training Program with Clinicians and Mental Health Staff

Abstract Suicide rates continue to rise, and clinicians and mental health staff play a critical role in keeping suicidal clients safe. Safety planning, including means safety, may help to decrease suicide risk. Unfortunately, availability and evaluation of safety planning training for these providers are scarce. The goal of the present study was to evaluate a safety planning training, LINC to LIFE Safety Planning (L2L SP). L2L SP is a 150-minute, face-to-face training program that teaches providers to engage clients in collaborative safety planning and means safety efforts, facilitate diverse client coping strategies, problem-solve, and involve close others, among other skills. These objectives are achieved through interactive content delivery, role-play, and corrective feedback. L2L SP was administered to 95 participants. Key determinants of behavioral change (e.g., knowledge, attitudes, perceived behavioral control [PBC]) were measured at pre, post, and six-month follow-up. Additionally, participants’ behaviors and emotions in working with suicidal clients were measured at pretest and six-month follow-up. Paired sample t-tests, repeated measures MANOVA, and univariate ANOVAs with post-hoc testing using Bonferroni correction were conducted. Results supported significant improvements in knowledge, PBC, and intentions at post-test, and attitudes, PBC, and effective emotional responses at follow-up. Exploratory analyses suggested significant improvements in behaviors among clinicians and mental health staff who saw clients reporting suicidal ideation. The present study provides promising results regarding brief safety planning training. Declines in knowledge and PBC following the training highlight the potential need for booster sessions or more intensive initial training in these areas. Highlights The present study evaluated a comprehensive, interactive safety planning training. Knowledge, PBC, and intentions were significantly improved at post-test. Attitudes, PBC, and emotions were significantly improved at follow-up.
Estimating the influence of Twitter on pre-exposure prophylaxis use and HIV testing as a function of rates of men who have sex with men in the United States

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objective(s): Acceptance of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and testing for HIV is likely to vary as a function of the norms and communications within a geographic area. This study examined associations involving county tweets, in person communications, and HIV prevention and testing in regions with higher (vs. lower) estimated rates of men who have sex with men (MSM). Design and Methods: Ecological analyses examined (a) tweets about HIV (i.e. tweet rates per 100 000 county population and topic probabilities in 1959 US counties); (b) individual-level survey data about HIV prevention and testing and communications about PrEP and HIV (N = 30 675 participants); and (c) estimated county-level MSM rates (per 1 000 adult men). Results: In counties with higher rates of MSM, tweet rates were directly associated with PrEP use and HIV testing (rs = .06, BF10 > 10). Topics correlated with PrEP use (rs = −0.06 to 0.07, BF10 > 10) and HIV testing (rs = −0.05 to 0.05, BF10 > 10). Mediation analyses showed that hearing about and discussing PrEP mediated the relations between tweet rates and PrEP use (bi∗ = 0.01–0.05, BF10 > 100) and between topics and PrEP use (bi∗ = −0.04– 0.05, BF10 > 10). Moreover, hearing about PrEP was associated with PrEP use, which was in turn associated with tweet rates (bi∗ = 0.01, BF10 > 100) and topics (bi∗ = −0.03 – 0.01, BF10 > 10). Conclusions: Rates of MSM appear to lead to HIV tweets in a region, in person communications about PrEP, and, ultimately, actual PrEP use. Also, as more men hear about PrEP, they may use PrEP more and may tweet about HIV.
Effects of single nucleotide polymorphism ascertainment on population structure inferences

Abstract Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data are widely used in research on natural populations. Although they are useful, SNP genotyping data are known to contain bias, normally referred to as ascertainment bias, because they are conditioned by already confirmed variants. This bias is introduced during the genotyping process, including the selection of populations for novel SNP discovery and the number of individuals involved in the discovery panel and selection of SNP markers. It is widely recognized that ascertainment bias can cause inaccurate inferences in population genetics and several methods to address these bias issues have been proposed. However, especially in natural populations, it is not always possible to apply an ideal ascertainment scheme because natural populations tend to have complex structures and histories. In addition, it was not fully assessed if ascertainment bias has the same effect on different types of population structure. Here, we examine the effects of bias produced during the selection of population for SNP discovery and consequent SNP marker selection processes under three demographic models: the island, stepping-stone, and population split models. Results show that site frequency spectra and summary statistics contain biases that depend on the joint effect of population structure and ascertainment schemes. Additionally, population structure inferences are also affected by ascertainment bias. Based on these results, it is recommended to evaluate the validity of the ascertainment strategy prior to the actual typing process because the direction and extent of ascertainment bias vary depending on several factors.
A rhomboid-like protease gene from an interspecies translocation confers resistance to cyst nematodes.

Plant-parasitic nematodes are severe pests in crop production worldwide. Chemical control of nematodes has been continuously reduced in the past decades due to environmental and health concerns. Therefore, breeding nematode-resistant crops is an important aim to secure harvests. The beet cyst nematode impairs root development and causes severe losses in sugar beet production. The only sources for resistance are distantly related wild species of the genus Patellifolia. Nematode resistance had been introduced into the beet genome via translocations from P. procumbens. We sequenced three translocations and identified the translocation breakpoints. By comparative sequence analysis of three translocations, we localized the resistance gene Hs4 within a region ~230kb in size. A candidate gene was characterized by CRISPR-Cas mediated knockout and overexpression in susceptible roots. The gene encodes a rhomboid-like protease, which is predicted to be bound to the endoplasmic reticulum. Gene knockout resulted in complete loss of resistance, while overexpression caused resistance. The data confirm that the Hs4 gene alone protects against the pest. Thus, it constitutes a previously unknown mechanism of plants to combat parasitic nematodes. Its function in a non-related species suggests that the gene can confer resistance in crop species from different plant families.
Experimental exchange of paralogous domains in the MLH family provides evidence of sub-functionalization after gene duplication

Abstract Baker’s yeast contains a large number of duplicated genes; some function redundantly, whereas others have more specialized roles. We used the MLH family of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins as a model to better understand the steps that lead to gene specialization following a gene duplication event. We focused on two highly conserved yeast MLH proteins, Pms1 and Mlh3, with Pms1 having a major role in the repair of misincorporation events during DNA replication and Mlh3 acting to resolve recombination intermediates in meiosis to form crossovers. The baker’s yeast Mlh3 and Pms1 proteins are significantly diverged (19% overall identity), suggesting that an extensive number of evolutionary steps, some major, others involving subtle refinements, took place to diversify the MLH proteins. Using phylogenetic and molecular approaches, we provide evidence that all three domains (N-terminal ATP binding, linker, C-terminal endonuclease/MLH interaction) in the MLH protein family are critical for conferring pathway specificity. Importantly, mlh3 alleles in the ATP binding and endonuclease domains improved MMR functions in strains lacking the Pms1 protein and did not disrupt Mlh3 meiotic functions. This ability for mlh3 alleles to complement the loss of Pms1 suggests that an ancestral Pms1/Mlh3 protein was capable of performing both MMR and crossover functions. Our strategy for analyzing MLH pathway specificity provides an approach to understand how paralogs have evolved to support distinct cellular processes.
Time of day prioritizes the pool of translating mRNAs in response to heat stress.

The circadian clock helps organisms to anticipate and coordinate gene regulatory responses to changes in environmental stimuli. Under growth limiting temperatures, time of day modulates the accumulation of polyadenylated mRNAs. In response to heat stress, plants will conserve energy and selectively translate mRNAs. How the clock and/or time of day regulates polyadenylated mRNAs bound by ribosomes in response to heat stress is unknown. In-depth analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana translating mRNAs found that time of day gates the response of approximately one-third of the circadian regulated heat responsive translatome. Specifically, time of day and heat stress interact to prioritize the pool of mRNAs in cue to be translated. For a subset of mRNAs, we observed a stronger gated response during the day, and preferentially before the peak of expression. We propose previously overlooked transcription factors (TFs) as regulatory nodes and show that the clock plays a role in the temperature response for select TFs. When the stress was removed, the redefined priorities for translation recovered within one-hour, though slower recovery was observed for abiotic stress regulators. Through hierarchical network connections between clock genes and prioritized TFs, our work provides a framework to target key nodes underlying heat stress tolerance throughout the day.
Continuous Microflow PhotoRAFT Polymerization

PhotoRAFT (reversible addition–fragmentation radical transfer) polymerizations are investigated for reactions induced by conventional radical photoinitiators. As demonstrated, this rather simple photoRAFT reaction shows similar outcomes compared to other recently introduced photopolymerizations, such as photoelectron transfer RAFT or copper-mediated photopolymerization. Despite the general notion that classically initiated photoRAFT yields unsatisfactory results, it is shown that good results can be achieved when conditions are selected accordingly. Not only the type of initiator is of importance, also light intensity, RAFT agent to initiator concentration, and reaction temperature are of importance. For the initiator benzoin, optimal polymerizations are obtained when the initiator is used in a ratio of 0.25 to the initial RAFT agent at 60 °C reaction temperature and 30 mW cm–2 light intensity (365 nm). Chain lengths of the polymer can be tuned efficiently and block copolymers are accessible from the proc.
Affinity-Bound Growth Factor within Sulfated Interpenetrate Network Bioinks for Bioprinting Cartilaginous Tissues

3D bioprinting has emerged as a promising technology in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to its ability to create anatomically complex tissue substitutes. However, it still remains challenging to develop bioactive bioinks that provide appropriate and permissive environments to instruct and guide the regenerative process in vitro and in vivo. In this study alginate sulfate, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) mimic, was used to functionalize an alginate-gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) interpenetrating network (IPN) bioink to enable the bioprinting of cartilaginous tissues. The inclusion of alginate sulfate had a limited influence on the viscosity, shear-thinning and thixotropic properties of the IPN bioink, enabling high-fidelity bioprinting and supporting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) viability post-printing. The stiffness of printed IPN constructs greatly exceeded that achieved by printing alginate or GelMA alone, while maintaining resilience and toughness. Furthermore, given the high affinity of alginate sulfate to heparin-binding growth factors, the sulfated IPN bioink supported the sustained release of transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3), providing an environment that supported robust chondrogenesis in vitro, with little evidence of hypertrophy or mineralization over extended culture periods. Such bioprinted constructs also supported chondrogenesis in vivo, with the controlled release of TGF-β3 promoting significantly higher levels of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix deposition. Altogether, these results demonstrate the potential of bioprinting sulfated bioinks as part of a 'single-stage' or 'point-of-care' strategy for regenerating cartilaginous tissues. Statement of Significance: This study highlights the potential of using sulfated interpenetrating network (IPN) bioink to support the regeneration of phenotypically stable articular cartilage. Construction of interpenetrate networks in the bioink enables unique high-fidelity bioprinting and unique synergistic mechanical properties. The presence of alginate sulfate provided the capacity of high affinity-binding of TGF-β3, which promoted robust chondrogenesis.
Effects of diet density and feeding frequency during the rearing period on broiler breeder performance

ABSTRACT 1. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of diet density and feeding frequency during the rearing period on broiler breeder performance between three and 40 weeks of age. 2. A total of 960 female one-day-old chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to 24 floor pens (12 pens in two rooms). On day 21 pullets were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement including two diets (control (CON) or 16% diluted (DIL)) and two feeding strategies (fed once (FO) or twice (FT) a day). The FO pullets were fed at 0815 h (100%) and FT pullets at 0815 h (60%) and 1215 h (40%). Water was provided by nipple drinkers with drip cups during 7 and 8 h in the rearing and laying period, respectively. 3. Body weight (BW) and water intake were measured weekly and BW uniformity at 10 and 20 weeks of age. Litter characteristics were measured at 10, 15, and 20 weeks of age. During the laying period, egg production and incubation characteristics were recorded. 4. The DIL pullets received a higher feed allowance in combination with similar water intake which resulted in a lower water/feed ratio compared to the CON pullets resulting in a higher DM content of the litter and improved litter quality. The higher feed allowance resulted in a 20% higher total manure production at 20 weeks of age. The FT pullets showed a lower body weight (BW) CV at 10 weeks of age; however, no effect was found at 20 weeks of age. During the laying period, FT pullets tended to have earlier onset of lay, higher total egg production at 30 weeks of age and better fertility. 5. It was concluded that alternative feeding strategies can positively influence production performance during both the rearing and laying period.
Robotic integration enables autonomous operation of laboratory scale stirred tank bioreactors with model‐driven process analysis

Given its geometric similarity to large‐scale production plants and the excellent possibilities for precise process control and monitoring, the classic stirred tank bioreactor (STR) still represents the gold standard for bioprocess development at a laboratory scale. However, compared to microbioreactor technologies, bioreactors often suffer from a low degree of process automation and deriving key performance indicators (KPIs) such as specific rates or yields often requires manual sampling and sample processing. A widely used parallelized STR setup was automated by connecting it to a liquid handling system and controlling it with a custom‐made process control system. This allowed for the setup of a flexible modular platform enabling autonomous operation of the bioreactors without any operator present. Multiple unit operations like automated inoculation, sampling, sample processing and analysis, and decision making, for example for automated induction of protein production were implemented to achieve such functionality. The data gained during application studies was used for fitting of bioprocess models to derive relevant KPIs being in good agreement with literature. By combining the capabilities of STRs with the flexibility of liquid handling systems, this platform technology can be applied to a multitude of different bioprocess development pipelines at laboratory scale.
Differential effects by sex with Kmt5b loss

Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in genetic studies of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet, its role in the brain is not known. The goal of this work was to neurodevelopmentally characterize the effect(s) of KMT5B haploinsufficiency using a mouse model. A Kmt5b gene‐trap mouse line was obtained from the Knockout Mouse Project. Wild type (WT) and heterozygous (HET) mice were subjected to a comprehensive neurodevelopmental test battery to assess reflexes, motor behavior, learning/memory, social behavior, repetitive movement, and common ASD comorbidities (obsessive compulsion, depression, and anxiety). Given the strong sex bias observed in the ASD patient population, we tested both a male and female cohort of animals and compared differences between genotypes and sexes. HET mice were significantly smaller than WT littermates starting at postnatal day 10 through young adulthood which was correlated with smaller brain size (i.e., microcephaly). This was more severe in males than females. HET male neonates also had delayed eye opening and significantly weaker reflexes than WT littermates. In young adults, significant differences between genotypes relative to anxiety, depression, fear, and extinction learning were observed. Interestingly, several sexually dimorphic differences were noted including increased repetitive grooming behavior in HET females and an increased latency to hot plate response in HET females versus a decreased latency in HET males.
Sexual Victimization and Mental Health in Female University Students

Although sexual assaults on female university students are a public health concern, studies that have examined this issue have not used behaviorally specific definitions of the various types of sexual victimization. Furthermore, hardly any data exists on female Spanish university students. The objectives of this study were to analyze the prevalence of different forms of sexual assault against female Spanish university students, determine the risk factors associated with sexual assault, analyze the association between sexual victimization and mental health problems, and determine the differential risk of more serious types of sexual assault. A cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of 871 students from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) (mean age 20.7 years, SD = 2.8). The current study assessed various types of sexual violence (i.e., unwanted sexual contact, attempted coercion, coercion, attempted rape, rape), as well as rates of depression, anxiety, stress, eating disorders, substance abuse, suicide risk, and suicide attempts. Of the female students surveyed, 28.5% had suffered some form of sexual violence during the previous year, 22.3% reported unwanted sexual contact, 8.8% attempted coercion, 6.5% coercion, 10.4% attempted rape, and 7.9% had been raped. Lower risk was associated with having a partner and being heterosexual. Being 18 years of age and prior experiences of sexual victimization were associated with higher risk. Being the victim of attempted coercion was associated with a higher risk of depression, while victims of attempted rape were at higher risk for substance use. Rape victims were at the highest risk for all mental health conditions studied, with the exception of suicide attempts. Due to the high rates at which Spanish female university students experience sexual violence, planning and resources are needed to address their mental health needs, especially those who are victims of rape.
Microvascular changes associated with epilepsy: A narrative review

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is dysfunctional in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). In this regard, microvascular changes are likely present. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on microvascular changes in epilepsy, and includes clinical and preclinical evidence of seizure induced angiogenesis, barriergenesis and microcirculatory alterations. Anatomical studies show increased microvascular density in the hippocampus, amygdala, and neocortex accompanied by BBB leakage in various rodent epilepsy models. In human TLE, a decrease in afferent vessels, morphologically abnormal vessels, and an increase in endothelial basement membranes have been observed. Both clinical and experimental evidence suggests that basement membrane changes, such as string vessels and protrusions, indicate and visualize a misbalance between endothelial cell proliferation and barriergenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) appears to play a crucial role. Following an altered vascular anatomy, its physiological functioning is affected as expressed by neurovascular decoupling that subsequently leads to hypoperfusion, disrupted parenchymal homeostasis and potentially to seizures”. Thus, epilepsy might be a condition characterized by disturbed cerebral microvasculature in which VEGF plays a pivotal role. Additional physiological data from patients is however required to validate findings from models and histological studies on patient biopsies.
The value of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging and postnatal follow-up using Gesell Developmental Schedules score for mild-to-moderate simple bilateral fetal ventriculomegaly

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship of mild-to-moderate simple bilateral fetal ventriculomegaly with postnatal neurological development. Methods Cases of simple lateral ventricular dilatation (273) were divided into bilateral mild dilatation (10.0–12.0 mm, 62), bilateral moderate dilatation (12.1–15.0 mm, 29), unilateral mild dilatation (133), and unilateral moderate dilatation (49) groups. The control group comprised 50 normal fetuses. Neurological development was assessed using Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS) at postnatal 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. Results At postnatal 6, 12, and 18 months, the GDS score was higher for bilateral than for unilateral dilatation (p < .05). At postnatal 3 and 6 months, the GDS score was higher for the bilateral dilatation groups than for the control group (p < .05). At postnatal 6, 12, and 18 months, the GDS score was higher for the bilateral moderate dilatation group than for the unilateral moderate dilatation group (p < .05). Further, at postnatal 3, 6, 12, and 18 months, the GDS score was higher for the bilateral moderate dilatation group than for the control group (p < .05). Conclusion At postnatal month 6, the GDS evaluation results of the bilateral dilatation groups were significantly inferior compared to those of the unilateral dilatation group.