Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of an MRI-based prostate cancer prebiopsy Gleason score predictive nomogram

Abstract Background: Gleason score grading is a cornerstone of risk stratification and management of patients with prostate cancer (PCa). In this work, we derive and validate a nomogram that uses prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) and clinical patient characteristics to predict biopsy Gleason scores (bGS). Materials and methods: A predictive nomogram was derived from 143 men who underwent MP-MRI prior to any prostate biopsy and then validated on an independent cohort of 235 men from a different institution who underwent MP-MRI for PCa workup. Screen positive lesions were defined as lesions positive on T2W and DWI sequences on MP-MRI. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) density, number of screen positive lesions, and MRI suspicion were associated with PCa Gleason score on biopsy and were used to generate a predictive nomogram. The independent cohort was tested on the nomogram and the most likely bGS was noted. Results: The mean PSA in the validation cohort was 9.25ng/mL versus 6.8ng/mL in the original cohort (p = 0.001). The distribution of Gleason scores between the 2 cohorts were not significantly different (p = 0.7). In the original cohort of men, the most probable nomogram generated Gleason score agreed with actual pathologic bGS findings in 61% of the men. In the validation cohort, the most likely nomogram predicted bGS agreed with actual pathologic bGS 51% of the time. The nomogram correctly identified any PCa versus non-PCa 63% of the time and clinically significant (Gleason score ≥ 7) PCa 69% of the time. The negative predictive value for clinically significant PCa using this prebiopsy nomogram was 74% in the validation group. Conclusions: A preintervention nomogram based on PSA and MRI findings can help narrow down the likely pathologic finding on biopsy. Validation of the nomogram demonstrated a significant ability to correctly identify the most likely bGS. This feasibility study demonstrates the potential of a prebiopsy prediction of bGS and based on the high negative predictive value, identification of men who may not need biopsies, which could impact future risk stratification for PCa.
Time-/Event-Triggered Adaptive Neural Asymptotic Tracking Control of Nonlinear Interconnected Systems With Unmodeled Dynamics and Prescribed Performance

This article proposes two adaptive asymptotic tracking control schemes for a class of interconnected systems with unmodeled dynamics and prescribed performance. By applying an inherent property of radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs), the design difficulties aroused from the unknown interactions among subsystems and unmodeled dynamics are overcome. Then, in order to ensure that the tracking errors can be suppressed in the specified range, the constrained control problem is transformed into the stabilization problem by using an auxiliary function. Based on the adaptive backstepping method, a time-triggered controller is constructed. It is proven that under the framework of Barbalat’s lemma, all the variables in the closed-loop system are bounded and the tracking errors are further ensured to converge to zero asymptotically. Furthermore, the event-triggered strategy with a variable threshold is adopted to make more precise control such that the better system performance can be obtained, which reduces the system communication burden under the condition of limited communication resources. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
A 4th-order band-pass filter using differential readout of two in-phase actuated contour-mode resonators

A 4th-order band-pass filter (BPF) based on the subtraction of two 2nd-order contour-mode Lamb-wave resonators is presented. The resonators have slightly different resonance frequencies around 380 MHz. Each resonator consists of a 500 nm pulsed-laser deposited lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin-film on top of a 3 μm silicon (PZT-on-Si). The resonators are actuated in-phase, and their outputs are subtracted. Utilizing this technique, the feed-through signals are eliminated while the outputs of the resonators are added up constructively, due to the phase difference between the two output signals. The BPF is presented using 50 Ω termination with a bandwidth of approximately 3.9 MHz and 43 dB stopband rejection. This technique provides further opportunities for MEMS filter design in addition to existing methods, i.e., mechanical and/or electrical coupling. It also resolves the design issue associated with high feed-through when exploiting piezoelectric materials with high-dielectric constant like PZT.
Optimal actuator location within a morphing wing scissor mechanism configuration

In this paper, the optimal location of a distributed network of actuators within a scissor wing mechanism is investigated. The analysis begins by developing a mechanical understanding of a single cell representation of the mechanism. This cell contains four linkages connected by pin joints, a single actuator, two springs to represent the bidirectional behavior of a flexible skin, and an external load. Equilibrium equations are developed using static analysis and the principle of virtual work equations. An objective function is developed to maximize the efficiency of the unit cell model. It is defined as useful work over input work. There are two constraints imposed on this problem. The first is placed on force transferred from the external source to the actuator. It should be less than the blocked actuator force. The other is to require the ratio of output displacement over input displacement, i.e., geometrical advantage (GA), of the cell to be larger than a prescribed value. Sequential quadratic programming is used to solve the optimization problem. This process suggests a systematic approach to identify an optimum location of an actuator and to avoid the selection of location by trial and error. Preliminary results show that optimum locations of an actuator can be selected out of feasible regions according to the requirements of the problem such as a higher GA, a higher efficiency, or a smaller transferred force from external force. Results include analysis of single and multiple cell wing structures and some experimental comparisons.
Application of simulated annealing to design of serial feed sequentially rotated 2 × 2 antenna array

A 5.8 GHz circularly polarised 2/spl times/2 patch antenna array is presented, employing sequential rotation of dual-feed circularly polarised elements; appropriate phase-shifting and power splitting are achieved via a serial feed arrangement. The feed has been optimised using simulated annealing; the resulting structure has a voltage standing wave ratio 2:1 bandwidth of 9.8%. Results obtained by full wave simulation and practical measurement confirm the integrity of the design.
Gallium nitride based transistors

An overview is presented of progress in GaN electronic devices along with recent results from work at UCSB. From 1995 to 2001, the power performance of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) improved from 1.1 to 11 W mm-1, respectively. The disadvantage of the low thermal conductivity of the sapphire substrate was mitigated by flip-chip bonding onto AlN substrates, yielding large periphery devices with an output power of 7.6 W. A variety of HEMT amplifier circuits have been demonstrated. The first AlGaN/GaN heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) was demonstrated in 1998, with a current gain of about 3. By developing the technique of emitter regrowth, a current gain of 10 was achieved in both GaN BJTs and AlGaN/GaN HBTs. A common emitter current gain cutoff frequency of 2 GHz was measured. Critical issues involved in the growth of high quality AlGaN/(AlN)/GaN heterostructures and GaN:Mg by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and the device fabrication are discussed.
Theoretical Study Oxygen Reduction Activity of Phosphorus-doped Graphene Nanoribbons

Phosphorus-doped graphene is known to exhibit good electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). While the ORR activity of P-doped graphene nanoribbons (PGNR) is still unclear. Taking the common graphene nanoribbons with the edges of armchair as an example in this study, we research the mechanistic investigation of ORR on the PGNR under acidic electrolytic conditions by density functional theory (DFT). Based on the keen observation of the atomic charge distribution and adsorption energy at different sites, P atom in PGNR is considered to be the strongest adsorption site with oxygen. Detailed ORR mechanistic was deduced by the investigation of reaction heat, reaction barrier for each possible step and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Based on our calculations, when the contribution of the intermediate product to the ORR activity is not considered, PGNR does not possess the property as an ORR catalyst due to several high reaction barriers and some endothermic reactions for ORR path.
A Real Time Facial Expression Recognition System Using Deep Learning

This thesis presents an image-based real-time facial expression recognition system that is capable of recognizing basic facial expressions of several subjects simultaneously from a webcam. Our proposed methodology combines a supervised transfer learning strategy and a joint supervision method with a new supervision signal that is crucial for facial tasks. A convolutional neural network (CNN) model, MobileNet, that contains both accuracy and speed is deployed in both offline and real-time frameworks to enable fast and accurate real-time output. Evaluations for both offline and real-time experiments are provided in our work. The offline evaluation is carried out by first evaluating two publicly available datasets, JAFFE and CK+, and then presenting the results of the cross-dataset evaluation between these two datasets to verify the generalization ability of the proposed method. A comprehensive evaluation configuration for the CK+ dataset is given in this work, providing a baseline for a fair comparison. It reaches an accuracy of 95.24% on JAFFE dataset, and an accuracy of 96.92% on 6-class CK+ dataset which only contains the last frames of image sequences. The resulting average run-time cost for recognition in the real-time implementation is reported, which is approximately 3.57 ms/frame on an NVIDIA Quadro K4200 GPU. The results demonstrate that our proposed CNN-based framework for facial expression recognition, which does not require a massive preprocessing module, can not only achieve state-of-art accuracy on these two datasets but also perform the classification task much faster than a conventional machine learning methodology as a result of the lightweight structure of MobileNet.
La robótica aplicada a la lúdica

Dentro del contexto social colombiano se tiene la idea de que la electronica, especialmente aplicada a la robotica, es un tema de gran complejidad y en el que estamos rezagados. Sin embargo, esto no es del todo cierto, por lo cual se pretende mostrar que con algo inicialmente complejo para la gran mayoria como lo es un brazo robotico, se pueden realizar ciertas actividades y tareas programadas previamente, obteniendo un sistema experto. Para el caso particular de este trabajo, se diseno e implemento un sistema con  nes ludicos capaz de desempenar el juego de �Tres en raya� contra un oponente humano. Para tal  n, se tuvieron en cuenta varios aspectos tales como el discernimiento de la disposicion de las  chas, tanto las que estan dentro del tablero de juego como las que estan por fuera, el planteamiento de un algoritmo capaz de establecer la mejor jugada que debe realizar el sistema arti cial de forma tal que tenga la capacidad de ganarle al humano y la ejecucion de los movimientos de las  chas por par- te del sistema arti cial en el juego. Todas estas consideraciones conllevan a la integracion de tres areas fundamentales: procesamiento de imagenes, algoritmia y robotica.
Intergenerational correlation of employment rate: Is there a role for work culture?

This paper analyzes the intergenerational correlation of employment rate among parents and children. While the literature on intergenerational transmission has focused on earnings, employment rates are important for the debate on equality of opportunities. Using a simple two generations model in which parents decide on human capital investment for the children and abilities are correlated across generations, we introduce endogenous labor supply and intergenerational transmission of preferences for work. We derive an intergenerational equation of employment rates, which is estimated using the NLSY79 and NLSY79 Children and Youth Adults. We find evidence in favor of the existence of this channel of transmission of work preferences. There is a significant correlation between employment rates of mothers and children, which remains significantly positive even after controlling for ability, education, wealth and family income. Alternative explanations like networks, specific human capital transmission or local labor markets do not seem the main drivers of the conditional correlation of employment rates. This correlation is stronger for mother-daughter pairs than father-sons. Interestingly, it is higher for the bottom and the top of the earnings distribution. These findings have relevant policy implications. The design of the tax and transfer system in a country traditionally aims at balancing efficiency (incentives to work and invest in human capital for more skillful individuals) and equity (insurance for individuals with lower ability). However, the effect potentially generated through preference transmission has not been included in the discussion so far. JEL Code: E24, I32, J62
Use of the Dynamic Mathematical Program of GeoGebra in Classes in Mathematical Disciplines in the Conditions of Blended Learning

This article describes one of the universal tools for facilitating blended learning of mathematical disciplines, in particular linear algebra, is the dynamic mathematical program GeoGebra. This program helps to visualize the mathematical objects studied, demonstrate their properties, avoid routine actions, etc. Using GeoGebra makes it possible to improve the quality of the process of solving mathematical problems and improve the professional, mathematical and informational competence of future mathematics teachers. The results of student survey are analyzed and presented regarding the expediency of using this technology in future professional activity. It is established that the, the dynamic mathematical program GeoGebra is a universal tool for organizing blended learning. Using its capabilities, you can both organize the work during the lesson and further independent performance of tasks, and use it at any stage of the lesson.
Phased array control using phase-locked-loop phase shifters

The work investigates the use of phaselocked loops (PLLs) as phase shifters in the control of a phased antenna array. The phase error of a PLL can be altered by adding a DC offset voltage to the output of the phase detector. If a digital phase detector, with its inherently linear response, is used, then the phase error, and hence the relative phase shift, will vary linearly with applied control voltage. Such phase shifters can act on their own at VHF or they can provide an IF reference signal to a mixer to create a linear phase shifter at microwave frequencies. Four prototype phase shifters, fed in series, have been built, driving a linear array of four monopoles, in transmit mode at 1.5 GHz. By use of a single common control voltage, a single main beam can be swept through 180° with an accuracy of better than±2° within the range±70°.
Temporal dynamics of posts and user engagement of influencers on Facebook and Instagram

A relevant fraction of human interactions occurs on online social networks. Freshness of content seems to play an important role, with content popularity rapidly vanishing over time. In this paper, we investigate how influencers' generated content (i.e., posts) attracts interactions, measured by number of likes or reactions. We analyse the activity of Italian influencers and followers over more than 5 years, focusing on two popular social networks: Facebook and Instagram, including more than 13 billion interactions and about 4 million posts. We characterise the influencers' and followers' behaviour over time, show that influencers' posts are short-lived with an exponential temporal decay, and characterise the time evolution of the interactions from their initial peak till the end of a post lifetime. Finally, leveraging our findings, we discuss how they can be exploited to develop an analytical model of the interactions temporal dynamics.
Varactor-tuned active bandpass filter with low noise performance

An active tunable bandpass filter based upon the negative resistance method using a microstrip combline network is presented. The negative resistance is realised using a common-drain series feedback structure. 0.4 octave tuning with significant improvement in passband performance was achieved and the noise performance was comparable with its passive counterpart.
Implementation of Single Phase Soft Switched PFC Converter for Plug-in-Hybrid Electric Vehicles

This paper presents a new soft switching boost converter with a passive snubber cell without additional active switches for battery charging systems. The proposed snubber finds its application in the front-end ac-dc converter of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) battery chargers. The proposed auxiliary snubber circuit consists of an inductor, two capacitors and two diodes. The new converter has the advantages of continuous input current, low switching stresses, high voltage gain without extreme duty cycle, minimized charger size and charging time and fewer amounts of cost and electricity drawn from the utility at higher switching frequencies. The switch is made to turn ON by Zero Current Switching (ZCS) and turn OFF by Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS). The detailed steady state analysis of the novel ac-dc Zero Current- Zero Voltage Switching (ZC-ZVS) boost Power Factor Correction (PFC) converter is presented with its operating principle. The experimental prototype of 20 kHz, 100 W converter verifies the theoretical analysis. The power factor of the prototype circuit reaches near unity with an efficiency of 97%, at nominal output power for a ±10% variation in the input voltage and ±20% variation in the snubber component values.
Facebook as a Safe Sphere: The Influence of Facebook Intergroup Communication on Reducing Islamophobia in the United States

Through an online survey of non-Muslim Facebook users in the United States (N=415), intergroup contact theory was used to examine the negative correlation between Facebook intergroup contact variables: Number of Muslim Facebook friends, number of non-Muslim friends who have Muslim friends on Facebook (extended contact), and frequency of Facebook intergroup activities (direct communication, passive communication, and broadcasting) and Islamophobia. Contact theory and hyperpersonal model of CMC were used to examine the influence of interpersonal communication with a Muslim on Facebook (N=250) as a moderator (low, average, and high attraction toward a Muslim) in intergroup contact effects. Results showed all Facebook intergroup contact variables have significant negative correlations with Islamophobia. Of Facebook intergroup activities, only passive communication predicts reduced Islamophobia. The study also found interpersonal attraction on Facebook moderates the negative relation between Facebook intergroup activities direct and passive communications, but not broadcasting and Islamophobia.
Progress of the HTR-10 Measured Data Utilization

The 10 MW High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor-Test Module (HTR-10), which was designed, constructed and operated by the Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology (INET) of Tsinghua University, is the first High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) in China. Stepping into the commissioning phase in April, 2000, the HTR-10 attained the first criticality in December, 2000 and achieved its full power operation in January, 2003. Up to now, the HTR-10 has been successfully operated for more than ten years with different power levels. During the relatively long period of commissioning and operation, various kinds of tests were carried out on this reactor. Within the scope of this paper, the commissioning stage, the operation history and the test implementation of the HTR-10 are briefly summarized.At this stage, the HTR-10 is the only pebble bed HTGR under operation in the world, so the measured data from this reactor are extremely valuable for verifying the inherent safety features incorporated in small modular HTGRs as well as for testing the computer programs employed in the HTGR design process. With the purpose of ensuring the code credibility, validation work using the HTR-10 operation and test data has been performed for several years in INET. What is more, these data were partly shared with different countries through some collaborative research projects related to code development and assessment. In this paper, progress of the HTR-10 measured data utilization is reviewed. Meanwhile, existing problems observed from the code-to-test as well as code-to-code comparisons are pointed out. In addition, possible reasons of such problems are discussed in detail.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Application of A CT/CAD/CAE System to Preoperative Planing and Post-Operative Estimation of Vertebroplasty

The vertebroplasty is a low-invasive method for treatment that has been applied in cases of spine p athological changes. The method considerably reduces the feelin g of pain and increases mechanical strength of the ill-change d vertebral bodies. The aim of the paper is to determine stiffn ess of vertebral bodies after vertebroplasty by means of radiologica l examination, computer aided design (CAD) and compute r aided engineering (CAE) systems. The treatment method has been verified in patients with angiomata in the lumbar sp ine. In a CAD system a vertebra with pathological changes has b modeled two times i. e. before operation and after the process of vertebral body filling with cement. Two patients with angiomata in L1 vertebra have been analyzed. The stiffness ch aracteristics of vertebral bodies after cement injection show that the secondary lesion in the cement vicinity is highly u nlikely, which proves the usefulness of the vertebroplasty, during which the mechanical strength of the treated vertebral body i ncreases. The computer methods applied allow for determination of the stiffness of vertebral bodies before and after the surgery, respectively. The results obtained enable objective assessment the vertebroplasty.
Fuzzy control of flexible structure using piezoelements

In this paper the vibration suppression of a flexible structure using fuzzy controller with bonded piezoelements is investigated. A flexible beam with PZT piezoceramics as sensor and actuators is fabricated at the Advanced Dynamic and Control Systems lab (ADCSL). A dynamic model of the smart structure is derived from an experimental system ID. On the other hand using finite element method (FEM), a theoretical model of the structure is obtained which is in good agreement with the experimental model. A fuzzy control system is then designed and implemented for vibration suppression of the smart beam subjected to the impulse excitation and resonance disturbances. Results show the effectiveness of the fuzzy controller and its advantage over conventional controllers.