Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacteria associated with jellyfish during bloom and post-bloom periods

This study is the first to investigate bacterial community associated with live medusa Aurelia sp. in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) using both culture independent and culture-based methods. We have analysed bacterial community composition of different body parts of medusa: exumbrella surface, oral arms (‘outer’ body parts) and of gastric cavity (‘inner’ body part) and investigated possible differences in medusa associated bacterial community structure at the time of jellyfish population peak and during senescent phase at the end of bloom, when jellyfish start to decay. Based on 16S rRNA clone libraries and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, we demonstrated significant difference between bacterial community associated with Aurelia and the ambient seawater bacterial assemblage. Comparing bacterial community composition between different Aurelia medusa body parts, communities differed significantly, especially the one within the gastral cavity. The pronounced difference is dominance of Betaproteobacteria (Burkholderia, Cupriavidus and Achromobacter) in gastral cavity of medusa and Alpha- (Phaeobacter, Ruegeria) and Gamma- proteobacteria (Stenotrophomonas, Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio) on ‘outer’ body parts. This suggests that body-part specific bacterial association might have an important functional roles for the host. The results of bacterial isolates showed the dominance of Gammaproeteobacteria, especially Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas in all body parts. Finally, comparison of medusa associated bacterial community structure, at the time of jellyfish population peak and during senescent phase at the end of bloom showed increased abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, especially Vibrio. Our results suggest members of Vibrio group are possible commensal opportunistic visitors, later becoming consumer of moribund jellyfish biomass and that the structure of jellyfish bacterial community might be affected by anthropogenic pollution in the marine environment.
Extraction of xenotransplantation antigens and their use in xenograft prolongation and studies of xenograft rejection

3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at die upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.
The computational fluid dynamic modeling of downwash flow field for a six-rotor UAV

The downwash flow field of the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), formed by propellers during operation, has a significant influence on the deposition, drift and distribution of droplets as well as the spray width of the UAV for plant protection. To study the general characteristics of the distribution of the downwash airflow and simulate the static wind field of multi-rotor UAVs in hovering state, a 3D full-size physical model of JF01-10 six-rotor plant protection UAV was constructed using SolidWorks. The entire flow field surrounding the UAV and the rotation flow fields around the six rotors were established in UG software. The physical model and flow fields were meshed using unstructured tetrahedral elements in ANSYS software. Finally, the downwash flow field of UAV was simulated. With an increased hovering height, the ground effect was reduced and the minimum current velocity increased initially and then decreased. In addition, the spatial proportion of the turbulence occupied decreased. Furthermore, the appropriate operational hovering height for the JF01-10 is considered to be 3 m. These results can be applied to six-rotor plant protection UAVs employed in pesticide spraying and spray width detection.
Wolbachia affects survival to different oxidative stressors dependent upon the genetic background in Drosophila melanogaster

It is well known that the rate of ageing varies among individuals dependent on the genetic background. In the present study, we explore how Wolbachia infection (a common insect endosymbiont bacterium) and oxidative stress interact in ageing with respect to two different genetic backgrounds of Drosophila melanogaster. Naturally infected and cured lines of Drosophila are challenged with either paraquat or l‐arginine to generate two different types of oxidative stress. We first observe that removing Wolbachia infection shortens the lifespan in one genetic background but not in the other. Wolbachia infection only makes one of the genetic lines more sensitive to paraquat. However, only the line unaffected by Wolbachia in the paraquat treatment is protected by Wolbachia from l‐arginine induced stress. Hence, Wolbachia is modifying free radical defence via two different mechanisms dependent on the genetic background. This supports the idea that factors that can govern ageing (infection and oxidative stress) are not universal, but are specific to the genetic make‐up of an individual.
Effect of nitric oxide donor on viability of human leukemic cells upon arginine deprivation

Some types of tumor cells are unable to synthesize arginine from its precursors. They exhibit growth inhibition and decreased viability in vitro and in vivo under enzymatic arginine deprivation. However, prolonged arginine starvation in human may cause vasoconstriction and thrombosis due to the deficit of arginine derivative, nitric oxide (NO), as vasodilator and disaggregant. This problem can be overcome via supplementation with exogenous NO-donors in vivo, which, in turn, may produce either, pro-apoptotic or anti-apoptotic specific effects on cancer cells under arginine restriction. In this study we elucidated the effect of exogenous NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the viability of human Jurkat leukemic cells under arginine deprivation in vitro. We observed that arginine deprivation suppressed cell proliferation and led to a rapid decrease in cell viability concomitant with progression of apoptosis. According to SNP IC50 determination and apoptosis assays, NO-donor at physiological concentration did not promote survival of tumor cells in arginine-free medium. Moreover, SNP cytotoxicity for Jurkat cells was increased upon arginine withdrawal, suggesting that application of NO donor in vivo may potentially enhance the therapeutic effect of arginine deprivation.
Stoichiometry and Mobility Switching of a Morphogenetic Protein in Live Differentiating Cells

Spore formation following asymmetric cell division in Bacillus subtilis offers a model system to study development, morphogenesis and signal transduction in more complex organisms. Extensive biochemical and genetic details of its sporulation factors are known, however, the molecular mechanisms by which asymmetry is generated remain unclear. A crucial membrane phosphatase, SpoIIE, couples gene regulation to morphology changes, but how it performs different functions dependent on cell stage is unknown. We addressed this puzzle using high-speed single-molecule fluorescence microscopy on live B. subtilis expressing genomically encoded SpoIIE fluorescent protein fusions during sporulation. Copy number analysis indicated a few tens of SpoIIE at sporulation onset increasing to 400-600 molecules per cell following asymmetric cell division with up to 30% greater proportion in the forespore, corresponding to a concentration enhancement in the smaller forespore sufficient for differential dephosphorylation of an anti-sigma factor antagonist and activation of the forespore specific transcription factor, σF. Step-wise photobleach analysis indicates that SpoIIE forms tetramers capable of reversible oligomerisation to form clusters correlated with stage-specific functions. Specifically, low mobility SpoIIE clusters which initially localize to the asymmetric septum are released as mobile SpoIIE clusters around the forespore when phosphatase activity is manifested. SpoIIE is subsequently recaptured at the septum in a SpoIIQ-dependent manner. After mother cell engulfment of the forespore, SpoIIE is released as a mix of higher mobility clusters and tetramers. Our findings suggest that additional information captured in the changing state of multimerization and mobility enable one protein to perform different roles at different cell stages. Significance/impact Certain bacteria undergo sporulation involving cells dividing asymmetrically. A crucial protein SpoIIE facilitates this morphological asymmetry and directly links it to asymmetry in gene expression. Here, we used specialized light microscopy, capable of observing single molecules, plus biophysics, genetics and biochemical tools, to monitor SpoIIE in single living bacteria in real time, allowing us to count how many molecules are present in different cell regions, and how mobile they are. We find that SpoIIE clusters and moves depending on development stages, indicating that it has different roles depending on other binding proteins and their cellular locations. Our results suggest that changes in molecular stoichiometry and mobility may be used as switches in more complex cell processes.
Complete plastome sequence of Nepenthes mirabilis (Nepenthaceae): a “vulnerable” herb in China

Abstract Nepenthes mirabilis (Nepenthaceae) is an erect or climbing (0.5–2 m tall) herb distributed in Africa (Madagascar), south and southeast Asia, North Australia and Pacific Islands (Caroline Islands). There is only one species in China. It grows in wet and sandy soils places throughout forests, grasslands, swamps, mountains, roadsides, wastelands having altitudes that sea level to 400 m. It has been ranked as a VU (Vulnerable) species in China. Here we report and characterize the complete plastid genome sequence of N. mirabilis in an effort to provide genomic resources useful for its conservation. The complete plastome is 155,755 bp in length and contains the typical structure and gene content of angiosperm plastomes, including two Inverted Repeat (IR) regions of 26,415 bp, a Large Single-Copy (LSC) region of 84,997 bp and a Small Single-Copy (SSC) region of 17,928 bp. The plastome contains 113 genes, consisting of 77 unique protein-coding genes, three pseudogenes, 29 unique tRNA genes, and four unique rRNA genes. The overall A/T content in the plastome of N. mirabilis is 62.8%. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using the entire plastome, including spacers, introns, etc., and we determined that N. mirabilis 32 and Dionaea muscipula were closely related. The complete plastome sequence of N. 33 mirabilis will provide a useful resource for the conservation genetics of this species as 34 well as for the phylogenetic studies in Caryophyllales.
A Plant-Based Diet Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adult—A 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: The aim of this study was to test the effect of a 16-week plant-based dietary intervention on beta-cell function and insulin resistance in overweight adults with no history of diabetes. Methods: Participants (n=75) were randomized to follow a low-fat vegan diet (n=38) or to make no diet changes (n=37) for 16 weeks. At baseline and 16 weeks, beta-cell function was assessed during standard meal tests. Insulin secretory rate was calculated by C-peptide deconvolution, and beta-cell function was quantified with a mathematical model. HOMA-IR (The Homeostasis Model Assessment) index was used to assess insulin resistance while fasting. Repeated measure ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: A marked increase in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was observed in the intervention group compared with controls (interaction between group and time, Gxt, p Conclusions: A 16-week low-fat vegan dietary intervention improved beta-cell function and insulin resistance in overweight adults. The improvement in insulin resistance was related to loss of visceral fat, independent of changes in BMI. Disclosure H. Kahleova: None. A. Tura: None. M. Hill: None. R. Holubkov: Other Relationship; Self; Pfizer Inc., MedImmune. N. Barnard: None.
Effect of river inputs on environmental status and potentially harmful phytoplankton in a coastal area of eastern Mediterranean (Maliakos Gulf, Greece)

In this work we study the response of phytoplankton and potentially harmful species to river inflows in a coastal area of eastern Mediterranean, within the context of environmental status assessment suggested by the European Commission’s Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) and Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC). The spatio-temporal distribution of phytoplankton communities and biomass (as chlorophyll a), potentially harmful species, nutrient levels, dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature were studied. A marginal good to moderate physicochemical status was assigned in the delta of Spercheios river that outflows in Maliakos Gulf. Silicates and nitrates were indicated as proxies of freshwater influence in Maliakos Gulf, whereas ammonium, nitrites and phosphates as proxies of pollutants from non-point sources. Phytoplankton biomass and abundances reached high levels throughout Maliakos Gulf inter-seasonally. High silicates favored the dominance of Diatoms. The potentially harmful species were blooming frequently, with higher levels in the estuary, and they were associated with low salinity, showing the riverine influence on them. Pseudo-nitzschia was the most frequent potentially harmful genus with an interesting strong linkage with low silicates and nitrates. Maliakos Gulf demonstrated an overall mesotrophic condition and failed to achieve good ecological status.
Metagenomic Profiles of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Associated with Bar-headed Goose ( Anser indicus )

Bar-headed goose ( Anser indicus ), a species endemic to Asia, has become one of the most popular economic species in recent years for wild birds artificial rearing industries in several provinces of China. The use of antibiotics may accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and bacteria which shade health risks to humans and animals. The emerging of ARGs related to Bar-headed goose is becoming an increasing concern. In this study, the profiles of ARGs in both wild and artificially reared Bar-headed geese were investigated using a high-throughput functional metagenomic approach. Analysis of the data showed the existence of a broad-spectrum of different ARGs in both two groups, and the types and subtypes of ARGs were much more abundant and diverse in the artificially reared Bar-headed geese than wild ones. The ARGs related to resistance to streptomycin and trimethoprim have been detected at higher abundance in wild group. ARGs contributed to the resistance to acriflavin, aminoglycoside, beta_lactam, glycylcycline, bacitracin, staphylococcus, fluoroquinolone, thiostrepton and teicoplanin were found to be higher in artificially reared group. These findings provided a broad spectrum profile of ARGs in Bar-headed geese, and may help in the design of future studies to elucidate how artificial rearing environmental factors contributed to the spread of ARGs.
Species delimitation and population structure in three Onosma (Boraginaceae) species

Abstract The present study aimed to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in three Onosma species i.e., Onosma bulbotrichum DC. , O. elwendicum Wettst. and O. sericeum Willd. (Boraginaceae) growing in Iran. This study was performed to check if the ISSR molecular markers could be used in the Onosma species delimitation. We also investigated the infra-specific morphological variability and if we can identify infra-species taxonomic forms. The present study revealed within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR data could delimit the studied species as they were separated from each other in NJ tree, maximum parsimony and STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA and Hickory tests produced significant genetic difference among the studied species. The Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations for all three species. Reticulation analysis and Nm estimation showed gene flow among these populations. We could identify a few ISSR loci that are adaptive. Data obtained can be used in conservation of these medicinal plants in Iran.
Some Recent Taxonomic Changes Affecting the Names of Oregon Plant Species

Books, like people, grow old and eventually need to be retired. The principal floristic manuals covering the flora of Oregon are reaching this venerable state. These include Manual of the Higher Plants of Oregon (Peck, 1961), Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States (Abrams, 1923, 1944, 1951, 1960), A California Flora (Munn. and Keck, 1959), Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest (Hitchcock and Cronquist, 1973). Such works are still extremely useful, their detailed keys, descriptions and illustrations allowing identification and naming of virtually all native and introduced species of the state. As newer books are published, however, like the forthcoming revised version of Manual of the Flowering Plants of California (Jepson, 1925), older reference manuals will gradually lose their utility and scientific rigor. They will not represent current knowledge about species names and relationships based on the best and most recent taxonomic research. The pace of new research in systematics (plant taxonomy, in the broad sense) continues at a high rate in botanical institutions all over the world. Studies by taxonomists in countries as far away as Europe and the Orient have to be examined for new insights about the relationships and classification of Oregon's flora. Botanists who wish to keep abreast of taxonomic research have at least two difficult problems to overcome; first, they must be aware of pertinent publications throughout the vast scientific literature, and second, they must check and evaluate taxo.ornic conclusions derived from such research. The most criticial publications to Oregon botanists are those which propose significant changes in names and classification of particular Oregon genera. Botanists are almost never forced to adopt new names for familiar plant species; changes are usually optional, based on evaluation of the quality of supporting research and reasonableness of the authors' conclusions. Only if existing plant names are found to be unusable (e.g., "illegitimate") because of particular rules in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) are we literally forced to abandon them.
Efeito da dieta hiperglicídica e do anabolizante undecilenato de boldenona sobre a bioquímica dos lipídios, perfil de citocinas, estado oxidativo e morfologia do coração em camundongos Apo-E -/-

viii 1 INTRODUÇÃO GERAL . 1 2 REVISÃO DE LITERATURA . 3 2.1 Camundongos deficientes no gene da apolipoproteína E (Apo-E-/-). 3 2.2 Metabolismo de lipídios e lipoproteínas . 5 2.3 Dieta hiperglicídica . 6 2.4 Aterosclerose e Estresse Oxidativo . 10 2.5 Esteroides anabólicos . 12 2.6 Undecilenato de boldenona (Equifort) . 13 3 REFERÊNCIAS . 15 ARTIGO . 25 Abstract . 26. 26
The proline-rich domain of dynamin-2 is responsible for dynamin-dependent in vitro potentiation of eNOS activity via selective effects on reductase domain function

Summary. The GTPase, dynamin-2 (dyn-2), binds and positively regulates the NO generating enzyme, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (JBC 276:14249). Here we demonstrate, using purified proteins, that this occurs through a selective influence of the dyn-2 proline-rich domain (dyn-2 PRD), on the eNOS reductase domain. In vitro studies demonstrate that dyn-2 PRD fused with glutathione S-transferase (GST), binds E. coli derived recombinant eNOS protein specifically, and with comparable binding kinetics to that observed between dyn-2 full-length and eNOS. Additionally, GST-dyn-2 PRD binds in vitro transcribed 35 S-eNOS reductase domain, but not 35 S-eNOS oxygenase domain. Furthermore GST-dyn-2 PRD binds a 35 S-labeled eNOS reductase domain fragment (aa 645-850) that partially overlaps with the FAD binding domain of eNOS. A recombinant form of the SH3 containing protein, Fyn, competes the binding of recombinant eNOS protein with dyn-2 PRD, thereby implicating the SH3-like region contained within this reductase domain fragment as the dyn-2 binding region. Mammalian two-hybrid screen corroborates these interactions in cells as well. Functional studies demonstrate that dyn-2 PRD selectively potentiates eNOS activity in a concentration-dependent manner, in an order of magnitude similar to that observed with dyn-2 full-length, and in a manner that requires calmodulin. Although dyn-2 PRD does not influence eNOS oxygenase domain function, or ferricyanide reduction, it does potentiate the ability of recombinant eNOS to reduce cytochrome c, supporting an influence of dyn-2 PRD on electron transfer beween FAD and FMN. These data indicate that the binding domains of dyn-2 and eNOS reside within the dyn-2 PRD domain and the FAD binding region of the eNOS reductase domains, respectively, and that dyn-2 PRD is sufficient to mediate dyn-2 dependent potentiation of eNOS activity, at least in part, by potentiating electron transfer between the flavins of the eNOS reductase domain.
Revision and Phylogeny of Agrostistachys and Chondrostylis (Euphorbiaceae)

The genera Agrostistachys and Chondrostylis, subtribe Agrostistachydeae, have been revised. Chondrostylis comprises two species, C. bankana appears to be much more widespread than was assumed. Agrostistachys comprises six species, one of which is new ( (A. staminodiatus), while several species (e.g. A. intramarginalis and A. meeboldii) have been reduced to the now quite variable A. borneensis, formerly mainly known as. A. longifolia. A phylogenetic analysis of the subtribe Agrostistachydeae shows that all four genera (also Cyttaranthus and I Pseudagrostistachys) are monophyletic; however, the position of Agrostistachys is very weak and the genus may easily change to a paraphyletic group with the other genera nested in it. Even in spite of the weak support for Agrostistachys all genera are maintained in their present circumscription.
Mukibat system, a high yielding method of cassava production in Indonesia

Summary Grafting or budding of Manihot glaziovii onto a stock of M. esculenta enormously increases production of tuberous roots. This growing system, introduced by a Javanese farmer, Mukibat, outyields ordinary cassava by more than 100 %. On average from data in the literature, yields are about 96 tonnes per ha per year. A description is given of the practice of this system, concerning preparation of plant material, planting method, planting time, intercropping, manuring, plant care, growing period, yield and root quality. Practical significance, potential production and physio­ logical basis of the system are discussed.