Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Total Testosterone as a Specific Marker of Acute Kidney Injury in Male Patients With Myocardial Infarction

Aim The aim of the present study was to assess the significance of total testosterone (T) as a marker of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Patients and methods The study was a retrospective, single-center cohort study that included 55 consecutive male patients diagnosed with acute MI who were admitted to the Cardiology Clinic of Alexandrovska University Hospital (Sofia, Bulgaria) between July 2011 and December 2013. The plasma total T levels, measured at admission, the peak levels of myocardial necrosis markers, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were analyzed in relation to the incidence of AKI. Results The occurrence of AKI was positively predicted by reduced EF (OR=0.825; CI=0.724-0.942; P=0.004), advanced age (OR=1.077; CI=1.038-1.151; P=0.029), and low levels of total T (OR=0.837; CI=0.707-0.990; P=0.037). Reduced systolic function (OR=0.861; 95% CI=0.758-0.978; P=0.022 for EF) and marginally age (OR=1.094; 95% CI=1.000-1.197; P=0.051) contributed to the incidence of AKI in a multivariate model. Total T was not an independent factor (OR=0.841; 95% CI=0.669-1.058; P=0.139) for AKI. The total T levels were significantly inversely correlated with the peak of hsCRP (r= -0.153; P=0.009) and showed a tendency to inverse relation with the SYNTAX score (r= -0.235; P=0.083). Conclusion The total T levels are significantly inversely related to the peak of hsCRP and as a tendency to the SYNTAX score in male patients with acute MI. A low level of plasma total T is not an independent marker of AKI in acute MI. Advanced age and low EF are independent factors for AKI discrimination in a small cohort of patients with acute MI.
Multitask Deep Neural Network for the Fully Automatic Measurement of the Angle of Progression

The angle of progression (AoP) for assessing fetal head (FH) descent during labor is measured from the standard plane of transperineal ultrasound images as the angle between a line through the long axis of pubic symphysis (PS) and a second line from the right end of PS tangentially to the contour of the FH. This paper presents a multitask network with a shared feature encoder and three task-special decoders for standard plane recognition (Task1), image segmentation (Task2) of PS and FH, and endpoint detection (Task3) of PS. Based on the segmented FH and two endpoints of PS from standard plane images, we determined the right FH tangent point that passes through the right endpoint of PS and then computed the AoP using the above three points. In this paper, the efficient channel attention unit is introduced into the shared feature encoder for improving the robustness of layer region encoding, while an attention fusion module is used to promote cross-branch interaction between the encoder for Task2 and that for Task3, and a shape-constrained loss function is designed for enhancing the robustness to noise based on the convex shape-prior. We use Pearson's correlation coefficient and the Bland–Altman graph to assess the degree of agreement. The dataset includes 1964 images, where 919 images are nonstandard planes, and the other 1045 images are standard planes including PS and FH. We achieve a classification accuracy of 92.26%, and for the AoP calculation, an absolute mean (STD) value of the difference in AoP (∆AoP) is 3.898° (3.192°), the Pearson's correlation coefficient between manual and automated AoP was 0.964 and the Bland-Altman plot demonstrates they were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our approach can achieve a fully automatic measurement of AoP with good efficiency and may help labor progress in the future.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Electroacupuncture Regulating the Molecular Network in Hippocampus of Rats with Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Objective To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture stimulation of the hand-taiyin meridian in regulating the molecular network of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury based on transcriptomics. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, and electroacupuncture (EA) group. Middle cerebral artery embolization/reperfusion injury (MCAO/R) was used to establish the model group and EA group. The sham operation group only performed sham operation without modeling and any intervention, and the model group was bound daily. The EA group received electroacupuncture to stimulate the acupoints of hand-taiyin meridian for 14 days. Then, neurological scores, pathomorphological observations, and Tunel staining were performed. Finally, the affected hippocampus of the rat was used for transcriptome sequencing and RT-PCR detection. Results After electroacupuncture intervention in rats, neurological function scores were improved, and neuronal apoptosis was reduced. The results of transcriptomics showed that a total of 1097 differentially expressed genes were obtained, of which 422 were upregulated and 675 were downregulated. The bioinformatics analysis showed that those differentially expressed genes were related to axon development, neuron projection development, neuron projection morphogenesis, plasma membrane cell projection morphogenesis, cell part morphogenesis, notch signaling pathway, long-term potentiation, MAPK signaling pathway, Hedgehog signaling pathway, and so on. The results of RT-PCR showed that Caspase 9 mRNA increased and BDNF, Grin2a, and PlexinD1 mRNA decreased after electroacupuncture intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture intervention on hand-taiyin meridian may reduce neurological function scores, inhibit neuron apoptosis, and enhance neuronal repair neuroreparation in MCAO/R rats, which may be related to the regulation of genes such as Caspase 9, BDNF, Grin2a, and PlexinD1.
Nasal pepsin A: Biomarker of laryngopharyngeal reflux in chronic rhinosinusitis

--- Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) can contribute to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Pepsin is believed to be one of the causes of CRS. Pepsin can be a promising biomarker because it is only produced by gastric parietal cells, so it can explain the correlation of CRS with LPR. This study aims to determine the relationship between CRS and LPR based on nasal pepsin examination. The design in this study is a cross-sectional prospective with statistical analysis using the Chi-square method. The research sample were patients with complaints of runny nose and nasal congestion within 12 weeks and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All samples were subjected to nasal endoscopy and fiber optic laryngoscope and have Reflux Symptoms Index (RSI) > 13. Specimens from the samples were obtained through the nasal washing method, and pepsin was evaluated using the PepTest lateral flow device. A total of 35 samples in this study consisted of 13 men (37.14%) and 22 women (62.85%). The highest age in the CRS group was the 18-40-year-old group with 16 (64%). A total of 20 (83.3%) CRS patients were positive for pepsin p=0.04 (p<0.05). There is a corelation between CRS and LPR based on nasal pepsin examination. The existence of pepsinA in the nasal cavity shows that LPR can be a factor causing CRS.
Observing Visual Double Stars

"Observing Visual Double Stars, " written by an astronomer who has discovered almost 2,000 of them, opens the way to amateur astronomers who wish to make a direct and real contribution to science through their avocation.Double or binary stars--pairs of stars that revolve around one another--were once thought to be rare, anomalies among the vast number of normal, isolated stars, like our sun. Now, however, it is believed that many if not "most" stars are mated in binary systems. The visual binaries are those whose component stars are rather distant from each other and require decades or even centuries to complete their orbits. Few professional astronomers devote their time to making the observations needed, over these extended periods, to determine the characteristics of even a small sample of these systems. Thus, if any sizable number of double stars are to be closely scrutinized, their periodic variations plotted, and their orbits and masses calculated, the host of amateur astronomers will have to come to the aid of the professionals by making patient, systematic, night-after-night, year-after-year recorded observations. "Observing Visual Double Stars" is designed to train amateurs to become such lookouts. After a historical account of the discovery of binaries (from the sighting of the first in 1650, through the work of the Herschels and the Struves in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, to the present), the author describes the various classes of telescopes and other instruments and the relevant optical principles. This is followed by practical advice on how to use this apparatus to identify double stars and measure their variations over time.The heart of the book--and its technically most advanced section--presents the mathematical techniques that will allow the observer to calculate orbits and masses from the variables that have been measured. A chapter entitled "Voyage to the Country of Double Stars" describes a binary system as it might appear to an observer within it. The book also explains the use of star catalogues and presents its own catalogue of 744 double stars accessible to the amateur observer.
Similar color analysis based on deep learning (SCAD) for multiplex digital PCR via a single fluorescent channel.

Digital PCR (dPCR) has recently attracted great interest due to its high sensitivity and accuracy. However, the existing dPCR depends on multicolor fluorescent dyes and multiple fluorescent channels to achieve multiplex detection, resulting in increased detection cost and limited detection throughput. Here, we developed a deep learning-based similar color analysis method, namely SCAD, to achieve multiplex dPCR in a single fluorescent channel. As a demonstration, we designed a microwell chip-based diplex dPCR system for detecting two genes (blaNDM and blaVIM) with two kinds of green fluorescent probes, whose emission colors are difficult to discriminate by traditional fluorescence intensity-based methods. To verify the possibility of deep learning algorithms to distinguish the similar colors, we first applied t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) to make a clustering map for the microwells with similar fluorescence. Then, we trained a Vision Transformer (ViT) model on 10 000 microwells with two similar colors and tested it with 262 202 microwells. Lastly, the trained model was proven to have highly accurate classification ability (>98% for both the training set and the test set) and precise quantification ability on both blaNDM and blaVIM (ratio difference <0.10). We envision that the developed SCAD method would significantly expand the detection throughput of dPCR without the need for other auxiliary equipment.
A study on the impact of mountainous terrain on transboundary and local pollution

The area around the Japanese Alps, which is the focus of this study, is located at the center of Japan's main island and surrounded by mountains with multiple basins. Here, we investigated the effect of mountains on aerosol blocking with respect to transboundary pollution and estimated the effect of the mountain source with respect to local pollution using observations and simulations. A regional chemical transport model was employed for the study. To investigate the effect of mountains, simulations were conducted with and without mountains. From the results of these simulations, we estimated the mountain effects. The presence of mountains was found to increase or decrease aerosol concentration in some cases. However, when averaged over the simulation period, the results showed that mountains effectively reduce aerosol concentrations. On the days when aerosol concentrations increased due to the mountain effect, meteorological conditions with high local emissions and the basin effect acted synergistically to accelerate the increase in aerosol concentrations.
Probability of Medication Adherence When Alarm Is Used as a Reminder

The main objective of this research is to find the effect of alarm as a form of reminder in improving medication adherence rate. Medication non-adherence is a problem that adversely impacts patients' health, finances, and longevity. Several factors are associated with medication non-adherence. This research uses the method of probability estimates, risk difference, relative risk, and odds ratio to analyze the probability of an increase in medication adherence among patients who use the alarm as a form of reminder. By clustered sampling and a structured questionnaire, 525 responses were obtained from patients suffering from different types of diseases in the state of Sikkim, India. It has been observed that using the alarm as a form of reminder significantly improves adherence rates. The odds of not missing a dose reduces to 49.3%. At a personal level, the chance of not missing the dose reduces by 32.6%, and if the total population is considered, 16.4% of people will not skip the dose if a reminder in the form of an alarm is used.
New Statistical Methods for Simulation Output Analysis

In this thesis, there are generally three contributions to the Ranking and Selection problem in discrete-event simulation area. Ranking and selection is an important problem when people want to select single or multiple best designs from alternative pool. There are two different types in discrete-event simulation: terminating simulation and steady-state simulation. For steady-state simulation, there is an initial trend before the data output enters into the steady-state, if we cannot start the simulation from steady state. We need to remove the initial trend before we use the data to estimate the steadystate mean. Our first contribution regards the application to eliminate the initial trend/initialization bias. In this thesis, we present a novel solution to remove the initial trend motivated by offline change detection method. The method is designed to monitor the cumulative absolute bias from the estimated steady-state mean. Experiments are conducted to compare our procedure with other existing methods. Our method is shown to be at least no worse than those methods and in some cases much better. After removing the initialization bias, we can apply a ranking and selection procedure for the data outputs from steady-state simulation. There are two main approaches to ranking and selection problem. One is subset selection and the other one is indifference zone selection. Also by employing directed graph, some single-best ranking and selection methods can be extended to solve multibest selection problem. Our method is designed to solve multi-best ranking and selection. And in Chapter 3, one procedure for ranking and selection in terminating simulation is extended based full sequential idea. It means we compare the sample means among all systems in contention at each stage. Also, we add a technique to do pre-selection of the superior systems at the same time of eliminating inferior systems. This can accelerate the speed of obtaining the number of best systems we want. Experiments are conducted to demonstrate the pre-selection technique can save observation significantly compared with
Robustness of reported postacute health outcomes in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review

Objective To systematically assess the robustness of reported postacute SARS-CoV-2 infection health outcomes in children. Methods A search on PubMed and Web of Science was conducted to identify studies published up to 22 January 2022 that reported on postacute SARS-CoV-2 infection health outcomes in children (<18 years) with follow-up of ≥2 months since detection of infection or ≥1 month since recovery from acute illness. We assessed the consideration of confounding bias and causality, as well as the risk of bias. Results 21 studies including 81 896 children reported up to 97 symptoms with follow-up periods of 2.0–11.5 months. Fifteen studies had no control group. The reported proportion of children with post-COVID syndrome was between 0% and 66.5% in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=16 986) and between 2.0% and 53.3% in children without SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=64 910). Only two studies made a clear causal interpretation of an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the main outcome of ‘post-COVID syndrome’ and provided recommendations regarding prevention measures. The robustness of all 21 studies was seriously limited due to an overall critical risk of bias. Conclusions The robustness of reported postacute SARS-CoV-2 infection health outcomes in children is seriously limited, at least in all the published articles we could identify. None of the studies provided evidence with reasonable certainty on whether SARS-CoV-2 infection has an impact on postacute health outcomes, let alone to what extent. Children and their families urgently need much more reliable and methodologically robust evidence to address their concerns and improve care.
Unsteady Flow Organization of a Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interaction

A fundamental experimental study is carried out to investigate the unsteady flow organization of an incident shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction at Mach 2.1. Planar and tomographic particle image velocimetry (PIV) are used in combination with data processing using the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), complemented with hot-wire anemometry (HWA) and nonlinear time series analyses. It is found that the global structure of the interaction region varies considerably in time and the mean flow-field is a simplified representation of a more complex instantaneous structure. An inter-relationship appears to exist between the incoming boundary layer, separated flow region, and reflected shock wave. The incoming boundary contains large-scale coherent motions, in the form of three-dimensional streamwise-elongated regions of relatively low- and high-speed fluid. The reflected shock wave region conforms to these regions as they enter the interaction, and may be viewed as a supposition of a streamwise translation and a spanwise rippling. The HWA results reveal that the reflected shock wave region contains energetic frequencies an order of magnitude lower than those found within the undisturbed boundary layer at the same distance from the wall. The time series is shown to be represented as a chaotic attractor in a limited dimensional state-space. This attractor has a rich, underlying structure, which contains the signatures of the low- and high-speed regions as they enter the interaction.
Path Integral Monte Carlo Simulation of Positronium within a Dielectric Spherical Cavity

Positronium (Ps), the bound state of an electron and a positron, may be used as a probe of the porous space in bulk materials due to its long vacuum lifetime and the fact that this lifetime depends strongly on its environment. In particular, an accurate model relating the lifetime of the positronium to the size of the pore is necessary. The primary outcome of this research is a computer program that models Ps exactly as two quantum particles, using Path Integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) to simulate the electron and positron each as a classical polymer. As a further correction, we include the dielectric response of the surrounding material to the presence of the two charges. We find that the material's polarization causes the Ps to be more attracted to the wall, decreasing the pickoff lifetime; this decrease is even more dramatic in the case of a bare positron within the cavity. Although this effect is more substantial for larger cavities, it does approach a limit as the radius of the cavity approaches infinity, since then the situation is that of Ps near a flat dielectric wall. Also a limit is reached in the behavior of the lifetime as the dielectric constant ko increases, since the energy scales approximately like (1ko)/(l + ko). Using a two-particle simulation with no dielectric energy (or equivalently, setting ko = 1) in general produces lifetimes significantly higher than the standard Tao-Eldrup model, but having ko > 1 reduces the lifetime once more, agreeing with Tao-Eldrup in certain cases. We found that typical values of ko have the same order of magnitude effect as do different pore geometries, and that our results explain certain discrepancies in data that other models could not.
(2013). Northern Hemisphere Glaciation during the Globally Warm Early Late Pliocene. PLoS ONE , 8 (12), e81508.

The early Late Pliocene (3.6 to , 3.0 million years ago) is the last extended interval in Earth’s history when atmospheric CO 2 concentrations were comparable to today’s and global climate was warmer. Yet a severe global glaciation during marine isotope stage (MIS) M2 interrupted this phase of global warmth , 3.30 million years ago, and is seen as a premature attempt of the climate system to establish an ice-age world. Here we propose a conceptual model for the glaciation and deglaciation of MIS M2 based on geochemical and palynological records from five marine sediment cores along a Caribbean to eastern North Atlantic transect. Our records show that increased Pacific-to-Atlantic flow via the Central American Seaway weakened the North Atlantic Current and attendant northward heat transport prior to MIS M2. The consequent cooling of the northern high latitude oceans permitted expansion of the continental ice sheets during MIS M2, despite near-modern atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. Sea level drop during this glaciation halted the inflow of Pacific water to the Atlantic via the Central American Seaway, allowing the build-up of a Caribbean Warm Pool. Once this warm pool was large enough, the Gulf Stream–North Atlantic Current system was reinvigorated, leading to significant northward heat transport that terminated the glaciation. Before and after MIS M2, heat transport via the North Atlantic Current was crucial in maintaining warm climates comparable to those predicted for the end of this century. inflata (inf). The surface waters (SST alk , SST Mg/Ca G. bulloides ) show important cooling during MIS M2 with a steep N–S temperature gradient established. Low resolution sea-water temperature (SWT Mg/Ca ) reconstructions of Globorotalia inflata show that water at the permanent thermocline (300–400 m depth) remained stable and warm throughout the entire studied period. The glacial had no major effect on the deeper surface waters, except possibly at Site U1308 where one sample recorded temperatures as low as 11.8 u C during MIS M2. The average values of 13.5, 14.2 and 15.1 u C at Site 610, U1308 and U1313 respectively over the entire period illustrate that the entire upper water column during the Pliocene was warmer than today in the North Atlantic.
Anomalies in microwave absorption in quasi-one-dimensional CsMnCl3⋅2H2O in a pulsed magnetic field

Intense microwave absorption is observed in quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet CsMnCl3⋅2H2O in the frequency range below the gap in the spin-wave spectrum. The absorption is observed for the polarization h‖H in a pulsed external field directed along the “hard” anisotropy axis. It is proposed that the absorption is associated with the frustration of the interchain magnetic order due to a pulse of the applied field.
Multicritical behavior of Z 2 ×O(2) Gross-Neveu-Yukawa theory in graphene

Multi-critical behavior of interacting fermions in graphene's honeycomb lattice is presented. In particular, we considered the spin triplet insulating orders, where the spin rotational symmetry of the order parameter is explicitly broken. By casting the problem in terms of Gross-Neveu-Yukawa theory we show that such symmetry-breaking terms are irrelevant near the metal-insulator critical point. A finite Yukawa coupling among bosons and fermions improves the stability of such critical point against the symmetry-breaking perturbations. Physical sources of such symmetry-breaking terms are pointed out. Critical exponents are calculated near the transitions as well.