Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ocular adnexal phenotype and management of a patient with mosaic expression of a mutation in TWIST2

ABSTRACT Ablepharon-macrostomia syndrome (AMS) and Barber-Say syndrome (BSS) are congenital ectodermal dysplasias associated with mutations in the TWIST2 gene. Among the ophthalmic anomalies that occur in these syndromes, underdevelopment of the anterior lamella of the eyelid is a defining feature. Reports of mosaic expression of TWIST2 mutations are extremely rare, with only five confirmed or suspected cases described to date. Mosaic expression of TWIST2 variants is correlated with a less severe phenotype than that reported for the typical expression of TWIST2 variants associated with BSS or AMS. Abnormal development of the anterior lamella appears to be a common feature in all cases of AMS with mosaic expression. Here, we describe the phenotype of a patient with mosaic expression of a TWIST2 mutation that is typically associated with AMS. We additionally describe the surgical approach employed in the treatment of this patient.
Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery after previous sternotomy: A propensity‐matched analysis

Although the incidence of mitral valve (MV) surgery after previous open‐heart surgery is increasing, there is no consensus regarding the optimal surgical approach. Reoperative MV surgery is most commonly performed via sternotomy (ST). We sought to determine whether minimally‐invasive (MIS) reoperative MV surgery is safe and feasible.
Numerical solution of Williamson fluid flow past a stretching cylinder and heat transfer with variable thermal conductivity and heat generation/absorption

In this article, Williamson fluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching cylinder is discussed. The thermal conductivity is assumed to be vary linearly with temperature. Heat generation/absorption effects are also taken into account. Modeled partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential form by using appropriate transformations. Shooting method in conjunction with Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method is used to find the solution of the problem. Moreover, the effects of different flow parameters γ, λ, ϵ, β and Pr on velocity and temperature profiles are shown graphically. Local Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient are shown in tabular and graphical form.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Neopestalotiopsis vitis associated with leaf blight disease of Manilkara zapota—a new record from India

Sapota is an important horticultural crop grown in India, and Karnataka is a major producer of sapota. A characteristic leaf blight disease was observed in Southern Karnataka during field surveys conducted in 2019 with an incidence of 13–22% in approximately 45 ha of sapota field. The leaf blight‐associated pathogen was isolated on the potato dextrose agar medium. A total of 12 isolates obtained from each location were identified culturally and morphologically. Based on the morphological and cultural features, the pathogen was identified as Pestalotiopsis or Neopestalotiopsis, which was further confirmed by molecular identification using a representative isolate (MZ03). The ITS rDNA and β‐tubulin genes were amplified and sequenced using ITS1/ITS4 and T1/T22 primer pairs respectively. nBLAST search analysis and concatenated (ITS‐rDNA and TUB2 loci) phylogenetic analysis confirmed the pathogen identity as Neopestalotiopsis vitis. Pathogenicity tests conducted on detached leaves by inoculation with a conidial suspension of N. vitis produced typical blight symptoms after 4–5 days and progressed to cover the entire leaf lamina after 10–12 days. The pathogen’s identity was confirmed after re‐isolation by cultural and morphological features. Although Pestalotiopsis clavispora and Pestalotiopsis versicolor causing diseases on sapota seedlings and trees have been reported, no reports are available for the occurrence of N. vitis to sapota from India. This is the first report of N. vitis associated with leaf blight disease of sapota from India.
Motivation and job satisfaction levels among medical and dental faculty members of Pakistan amidst the COVID-19 outbreak.

BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has affected economies all over the world. The ability of an organization to grow is heavily influenced by job satisfaction and employee motivation. OBJECTIVE This study examines the factors affecting employee motivation and job satisfaction among medical and dental college faculty members in Pakistan, both in the private and public sector, during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Medical and dental college faculty in Pakistan comprised the sample for this multi-centric cross-sectional study. A questionnaire, which was modified from an existing study, was distributed electronically. A student's independent t-test was applied to compare the mean scores of the responses from public and private sector employees. RESULTS Of the 466 total respondents, 55 %were female and 45 %male. Public sector faculty reported receiving adequate resources and preferred online teaching. Both public and private sector faculty reported being satisfied with regular workshops and training. Private sector employees demonstrated more satisfaction with workplace safety measures. Public sector faculty highlighted the positive influence of job security and timely salary payments on productivity. CONCLUSION Faculty members from both the public and private sector find working from home to be easier and better for handling one's workload. Public sector faculty noted job security, timely salary payments, and an individual's sense of achievement as sources of motivation. Private institutes are more lacking in ensuring their faculty feel content and satisfied. Measures should be undertaken to improve the level of motivation felt by faculty members, especially in the private sector.
Role of the Notch ligands Jagged1 and Delta4 in Th17/Treg immune imbalance in a mouse model of chronic asthma

Abstract Purpose Asthma is associated with a T helper (Th)17/regulatory T (Treg) cells immune imbalance where the Notch signaling pathway contributes vitally. This study aimed to explore the role of Notch ligands Jagged1 and Delta4 in the Th17/Treg immune imbalance of chronic asthmatic mice. Methods The experimental animals were randomly assigned to the Saline, ovalbumin (OVA), and OVA + γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) groups. A mouse model of chronic asthma was induced by OVA sensitization and challenge. GSI was injected intraperitoneally before the OVA challenge in the OVA + GSI group. Lung function, lung histopathology and immunohistochemistry to assess airway inflammation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure cytokines levels, flow cytometry to measure the proportions of Th17 (Th17%) and Treg% in CD4+T cells, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot to measure mRNA and protein levels of Jagged1 and Delta4 in lung tissue, and correlation analysis were performed. Results Lung function and histopathology and IL-4, IL-13, and IFN-γ levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of chronic asthmatic mice showed characteristic changes of asthma. The Th17%, Th17/Treg ratio, BALF and serum IL-17 levels, and IL-17/IL-10 ratio increased significantly in the OVA group, while the Treg% and IL-10 level significantly decreased. mRNA and protein expression levels of Jagged1 and Delta4 increased significantly. GSI could reduce the Th17%, Th17/Treg ratio, IL-17, IL-17/IL-10 ratio, and Jagged1 expression in chronic asthmatic mice. The mRNA and protein levels of Jagged1 and Delta4 were positively correlated with the Th17/Treg ratio in the OVA group, while only those of Jagged1 were positively correlated with the Th17/Treg ratio in the OVA + GSI group. Conclusions In chronic asthmatic mice, the Th17/Treg ratio increased, and the Notch ligands Jagged1 and Delta4 were overactive and positively regulated the Th17/Treg imbalance. GSI partially inhibited Jagged1 and relieved the Th17/Treg imbalance.
The Impact of Primary Liver Disease and Social Determinants in a Mixed Donor Liver Transplant Program: A Single‐Center Analysis

Organ allocation in liver transplantation (LT) remains imperfect. Periodic center reviews ensure programs transparently evaluate the impact of practice on access to transplantation, reflecting, in particular, patient (primary disease, social determinants) and program (deceased versus live donation) factors. Adult Ontario residents waitlisted for first LT at Toronto General Hospital from November 2012 to May 2019 were reviewed. Analyses were performed between distance to transplant center, income, education level, population density and primary liver disease, with LT, deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT), living donor liver transplant (LDLT), and delisting. Of 1735 listed patients, 549 were delisted (32%), while 1071 were transplanted (62%), with 819 DDLT recipients (76%) and 252 LDLT recipients (24%), while 115 (7%) remained actively listed at data census. On univariate analysis, DDLT recipients lived 30% closer (median 39.7 versus 60.6 km; P < 0.001), lived in more populous areas (median 8501.0 versus 6868.5 people in a 1‐km radius; P < 0.001), and resided in households that annually earned 10% less (median $92,643.17 versus $102,820.89 Canadian dollars; P < 0.001) compared with LDLT recipients. These findings with population density and income differences between DDLT versus LDLT receival remained significant on multivariate modeling even when accounting for primary liver disease. Primary liver disease was a statistically significant factor on multivariate analyses in LT receival (P = 0.001) as well as DDLT versus LDLT receival (P < 0.001). Of patients listed for end‐stage liver disease, more patients with autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases received LDLT (34%‐41%) than DDLT (27%‐30%); this contrasted with patients with noncholestatic diseases LDLT (8%‐19%) versus DDLT (37%‐59%) receival (P < 0.001). Review of transplant allocation in a large mixed‐donor North American liver transplant program demonstrates how patient social determinants and primary liver disease etiology continue to be significantly associated with ultimate transplantation.
Preclinical efficacy of prexasertib in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

et al. Clonally related follicular lymphomas and histiocytic/dendritic cell sarcomas: evidence for transdifferentiation of the follicular lymphoma clone. Blood. 2008;111(12):5433–9. 9. Wang E, Papalas J, Hutchinson CB, Kulbacki E, Huang Q, Sebastian S, et al. Sequential development of histiocytic sarcoma and diffuse large bcell lymphoma in a patient with a remote history of follicular lymphoma with genotypic evidence of a clonal relationship: a divergent (bilineal) neoplastic transformation of an indolent B-cell lymphoma in a single individual. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35(3):457–63. 10. Graf T, Enver T. Forcing cells to change lineages. Nature. 2009;462 (7273):587–94. 11. Green MR. Chromatin modifying gene mutations in follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2018;131(6):595–604. 12. Sagaert X, Laurent M, Baens M, Wlodarska I, De Wolf-Peeters C. MALT1 and BCL10 aberrations in MALT lymphomas and their effect on the expression of BCL10 in the tumour cells. Mod Pathol. 2006;19 (2):225–32. 13. Rapino F, Robles EF, Richter-Larrea JA, Kallin EM, Martinez-Climent JA, Graf T. C/EBPalpha induces highly efficient macrophage transdifferentiation of B lymphoma and leukemia cell lines and impairs their tumorigenicity. Cell Rep. 2017;19(6):1281. 14. Li H, Kaminski MS, Li Y, Yildiz M, Ouillette P, Jones S, et al. Mutations in linker histone genes HIST1H1 B, C, D, and E; OCT2 (POU2F2); IRF8; and ARID1A underlying the pathogenesis of follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2014;123(10):1487–98. 15. Yusufova N, Kloetgen A, Teater M, Osunsade A, Camarillo JM, Chin CR, et al. Histone H1 loss drives lymphoma by disrupting 3D chromatin architecture. Nature. 2021;589(7841):299–305. 16. Chakravarty D, Gao J, Phillips SM, Kundra R, Zhang H, Wang J, et al. OncoKB: a precision oncology knowledge base. JCO Precis Oncol. 2017;2017:PO.17. 00011.
Extraction of left bundle branch pacing lead: a safe procedure?

A 28-year-old woman, with atrial fibrillation and previous cerebral ischaemic stroke, underwent left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) for left bundle branch (LBB) block and heart failure. LBBP was achieved via a transventricular-septal approach using the SelectSecure pacing lead (3830, 69 cm, Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA). The lead was placed about 2 cm distal to the His region and deep into the interventricular septum (Figure 1A). A passive atrial lead and an active implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD) single-coil lead were also implanted. Few months later, she developed worsening heart failure, with lead-related severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in the absence of infection, despite optimal medical therapy (Figure 1B,C). Subsequently, she was referred to our Department for both lead extraction and treatment of refractory heart failure, 10 months later, initial implant. The procedure was performed under general anaesthesia. A stiff guidewire from the right femoral vein to the right internal jugular vein for potential use of occlusion balloon in case of vascular lacerations was placed. The ICD lead was removed first using manual traction and locking stylet. The SelectSecure lead in the deep septal LBB location was removed by gentle manual traction and counterclockwise rotations under transesophageal echocardiography (TE) guidance simultaneously (Figure 1D and Supplementary Material). Finally, mechanical extraction tool (Evolution RL 9F, Cook Medical, Bloomington, USA) was necessary for removing the atrial lead. Post-procedural TE revealed a moderate TR and any evidence of interventricular septal defect (Figure 1E,F). Despite a reduction in tricuspid valve regurgitation, the patient is currently under evaluation for heart transplantation for biventricular heart failure refractory to medical therapy. His-bundle pacing, which utilizes the native cardiac conduction system is a well-accepted physiologic pacing. However, it has some limitations, such as operational difficulty and higher pacing thresholds. Thus, recently the LBBP via a transventricular-septal approach has emerged as an alternative physiologic pacing and for correction of LBB block, with a low, stable pacing capture threshold and relatively narrow QRS duration due to fast left ventricular activation and direct excitation of the diseased LBB. However, due to the distal part of the lead burden inside the septum major concerns regarding the impact of lead extraction remain. For long implant LBBP leads which need to use powered sheaths one of the concerns raised is the lack of lumen for placing a locking stylet for extraction. The presence of more leads including the LBBP lead represents a further peculiarity of our case raising others possible concerns for the removal sequence of the leads.
Left atrial appendage occlusion in the UK: prospective registry and data linkage to Hospital Episode Statistics

Abstract Aims Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) greatly increases the risk of ischaemic stroke. For people with contraindications to oral anticoagulation, left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) provides a non-pharmacological management alternative. The aim of this study was to measure the procedural safety and longer-term effectiveness of LAAO for AF in a UK setting. Methods and results This was a prospective, single-armed registry of patients with AF for whom anticoagulation was unsuitable. Registry data were collected between October 2014 and April 2018 and linked to routine data sources for follow-up. Data from 583 LAAO procedures were entered into the registry, of which 537 (from 525 patients) were eligible for inclusion (median CHA2DS2-VASc score 4). A closure device was successfully implanted in 93.4% of cases, with a procedural success rate (device implanted without major complication) of 88.9%. Five patients (1.0%) died in hospital. During follow-up [median 729 (Q1:Q3, 523:913) days] 45 patients experienced neurological events; 33 of which were ischaemic. The ischaemic neurological event rate was 3.3 (1.6–5.0)% at 1 year (n = 387) and 7.0 (4.3–9.6)% at 2 years (n = 196). There were significant improvements in overall patient health (via Visual Analogue Scale) measured at 6 weeks and 6 months, but no significant improvements observed in patient utility over time. Conclusion The findings of our study suggest that LAAO is not without procedural risk, but that this risk may be justified in high-risk patients with AF who cannot take an anticoagulant. Moreover, the data do not provide support for more widespread use of LAAO as the complication rate was relatively high and would be difficult to justify in many patients with AF who tolerate anticoagulation.
A review on the potentials of using feeds rich in water-soluble carbohydrates to enhance rumen health and sustainability of dairy cattle production.

Cows are adapted to degrade structural plant carbohydrates (SC), like cellulose and hemicelluloses, prevailing in grasses. Yet, the need for energy-dense diets in many intensive dairy production systems has shifted the dairy cattle's diet from SC-rich to high levels of starch. Feeding of starch-rich diets increases the risk of ruminal acidosis in cows, and feeding starch in form of grains intensifies the competition over cereal grains and arable land among different livestock species as well as between livestock and humans. Besides cellulose and hemicelluloses, grasses are also often rich in water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), which comprise mono-, di-, oligo- and polysaccharides (fructans). While the ruminal fermentation profile of mono- and disaccharides resembles that of starch, the degradation of oligo- and polysaccharides is slower, and their fermentation elicits a rather protecting effect on ruminal pH. When harvested in an early phase (i.e. ear emergence), grass hay and silages can reach WSC levels up to 150-200 g kg-1 DM and energy levels close to starch-rich diets, allowing a significantly reduced inclusion of concentrate supplements. By doing so, this will enhance both rumen health and the sustainability of milk production. However, because the WSC are chemically very heterogeneous, the patterns and extent of their ruminal fermentation are difficult to predict without a clear analytical characterization. This review article aims at summarizing both benefits and potentials as well as challenges in using WSC-rich feedstuffs in the nutrition of dairy cattle and their effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics and milk production. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
High-pressure and environment effects in selenourea and its labile crystal field around molecules.

Ambient-pressure trigonal phase α of selenourea SeC(NH2)2 is noncentrosymmetric, with high Z' = 9. Under high pressure it undergoes several intriguing transformations, depending on the pressure-transmitting medium and the compression or recrystallization process. In glycerine or oil, α-SeC(NH2)2 transforms into phase β at 0.21 GPa; however in water, phase α initially increases its volume and can be compressed to 0.30 GPa due to the formation of α-SeC(NH2)2·xH2O. The single crystals of α-SeC(NH2)2 and of its partial hydrate α-SeC(NH2)2·xH2O are shattered by pressure-induced transitions. Single crystals of phase β-SeC(NH2)2 were in situ grown in a diamond-anvil cell and studied by X-ray diffraction. The monoclinic phase β is centrosymmetric, with Z' = 2. It is stable to 3.20 GPa at least, but it cannot be recovered at ambient conditions due to strongly strained NH.Se hydrogen bonds. No hydrogen-bonding motifs present in the urea structures have been found in selenourea phases α and β.
Predictors of the Use of Enrichment Items in Colony Housed Shelter Cats

ABSTRACT Colony rooms provide cats with many opportunities to use enrichment, but animal shelters usually have finite resources to provision items. This study examined how cats select enrichment items when given a variety of options. Our goal was to identify whether certain enrichment might be particularly beneficial for different cats. Enrichment was categorized into three categories based on function (soft surfaces for resting, enclosed spaces for security, and vertical surfaces for vantage points). Demographic (sex, source of intake) and non-demographic (length of stay, floor space per cat, people present) features of the cats were entered into models as predictors. For all enrichment categories, the presence of people in the room significantly decreased item use, males used vertical surfaces more, all cats used vertical surfaces more the longer they were at the shelter, and cats that were seized or signed over from hoarding or cruelty cases used enclosed spaces more. Identifying patterns of enrichment use can allow shelters to more effectively distribute limited resources and maximize the welfare of individual cats during their stay at the shelter.
Influence of Melt-Draw Ratio on the Crystalline Structure and Properties of Polypropylene Cast Film and Stretched Microporous Membrane

The orientation and crystallization during melt stretching were characterized, and their influence on the lamellar morphology and stretched polypropylene pore structure was clarified. During melt stretching, the MDR range from 40–200 could be divided into two regions. In region I, MDR below 120, the crystalline morphology transformed from ellipsoid spherulites to lamellae structure, and the orientation, elastic recovery, and lamellar lateral dimension were enhanced. The porosity of corresponding stretched microporous membrane was increased from 37.8–45.5%. In region II, with the MDR increasing to 200, the orientation and lamellae lateral dimension were increased, but the elastic recovery did not change much. The porosity of corresponding microporous membrane was improved further to 60.3%. The long period, crystalline phase thickness, crystallinity, and lamellae cluster size were kept constant within the whole MDR range, but the orientation was improved from 0.23 ± 0.02 to 0.41 ± 0.03. Apparently, the orie.
A zygomatic bone study using virtual dental implant planning software.

This study evaluated the anatomical factors that influence the virtual planning of zygomatic implants by using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans. CBCT scans of 268 maxilla edentulous patients were transferred to a specialized implant planning software (Galaxis, Sirona) for the following measurements: maxillo-sinus concavity size (small, medium, and large), Zygoma width, implant insertion angle, implant length, and implant apical anchorage. Concavity sizes found were as follows: 34.95% small, 52.30% medium, and 7.35% large. The mean insertion angle was 43.2 degrees and the average implant apical anchorage was 9.1mm. The most frequent implant length was 40mm. Significant differences were found when the different types of concavities in relation to the installation angle, the distance of the apical portion of the implant in contact with the zygomatic bone and the lateral-lateral thickness of the zygomatic bone were compared (p<0.001). Medium-sized maxillary sinus concavity presented greater apical anchorage of the implant (9.7mm) and was the most frequent type (52.30%). The zygomatic bone is a viable site for zygomatic fixtures and the use of specialized implant planning software is an important tool to achieve predictable outcomes for zygomatic implants and allows good visualization of the implant-anatomical structures relation.