Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Racial disparities in the survival of patients with indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphomas in the United States

There is a paucity of data regarding racial disparities in the survival of patients with indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (iNHL) in the contemporary time‐period. Hence, we sought to determine whether racial disparities exist in the survival of patients with iNHLs in the US. We included 68 059 adult patients with follicular lymphoma (FL, n = 41 943), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL, n = 22 485), and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM, n = 3631) who were diagnosed in the US between 2000 and 2017. Race was categorized as White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, or American Indian/Alaska Native (API/AI). The primary outcome was relative survival (RS), which was estimated using flexible parametric survival models. The RS estimates varied according to race and disease histology but were consistently lower for racial minorities, including those diagnosed during the most recent 5‐year time‐period of 2012–2017. On multivariable analysis for RS, Black patients with FL had a 32% higher excess mortality rate compared to White patients [adjusted excess hazard ratio (aEHR), 1.32; 95% CI, 1.15–1.51; p < . 001], corresponding to a difference of 55 (95% CI, 24–86) excess deaths per 10 000 person‐years. For MZL, Black patients had a 40% higher excess mortality rate compared to White patients (aEHR 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18–1.66; p < .001), corresponding to a difference of 62 (95% CI, 26–98) excess deaths per 10 000 person‐years. No significant racial differences were detected for patients with WM. The greatest disparity was seen for younger Black patients with FL. Our findings highlight the need for interventions to improve the outcomes of Black patients with iNHLs, particularly younger Black patients with FL.
Economic Model Predictive Control of Wastewater Treatment Processes

Wastewater treatment is an integral component in the sustainable development of our society. Optimal control and operation is critical to the efficiency and economics of a wastewater treatment plant. In this work, we apply economic model predictive control (EMPC) to a wastewater treatment plant and compare its performance with two commonly used control methods. Specifically, we take advantage of the benchmark simulation model no. 1 provided by the International Water Association to simulate a biological wastewater treatment plant. A computationally efficient EMPC developed recently is adopted in this work to optimize the effluent quality and operating cost directly. The performance of the EMPC is compared with a proportional-integral (PI) control scheme and a regular tracking model predictive control (MPC) scheme from different perspectives including effluent quality and operating cost. The simulation results demonstrate that EMPC has the potential to significantly improve effluent quality and reduce oper.
changes in the proteins from two species of the genus vigna by e ff ect of di ff erent treatments

A study of the thermal treatment effect on the protein structure of the rice bean and c wpea bean was conduced. The protein was isolated by isoelectric focusing and electrophoretic pattern, FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy were used for their characterization. The results showed that in both species the thermal treatment originate modifications on the conformational structure modifying the secondary structure, disorder level and agregation fractions. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectros indicate that the main secondary structure is the protein of both species, was the β-sheet with a smaller contribution of the α-helix structure. The structure 310 helix and the sulfhydril groups were detected in the protein of both species, in addition the presence of some aminoacids also were observed (Cys, Lys, Trp, Phe, Tyr and Met). The electrophoretic pattern showed a significantl reduction in the number of high molecular weight subunits by effect of thermal treatment and isolation process, two hight molecular weight bands are mantained before and after treatments (23 kDa and 50 kDa), these fractions could be a stable subunits and common ancestor in both species.
Prevalence, antifungal susceptibility and virulence determinants of oral yeast species isolated from immunodeficient patients in Northeastern Brazil

Background and Objectives: Oral candidiasis has a common occurrence in immunocompromised patients. However, other emergent infections have become increasingly common. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, virulence determinants and the antifungal susceptibility of yeast colonizing the mucosa of immunocompromised patients in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: Samples from sixty HIV-positive patients seen at the Specialized Service / Hospital Dia - Hospital Universitario Prof. Alberto Antunes from the Federal University of Alagoas were collected from subgingival sites and seeded on CHROMagar for presumptive confirmation of Candida spp. followed by PCR and sequencing. In addition, we tested virulence determinants, phospholipase and protease and evaluated in vitro the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of antifungals amphotericin B and fluconazole. This project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Center for Higher Studies in Maceio. Results: Approximately 63% of the patients were colonized by yeasts, with C. albicans as the predominant species, while non-Candida albicans species accounted for 49% of the isolates, with C. dubliniensis and C. parapsilosis being the commonest, but C. intermedia, Bullera penniseticola and Naganishia liquefaciens were also found. The virulence determinants protease and/or phospholipase were also produced by Candida spp. and some uncommon opportunistic isolates such as Kodamaea ohmeri, N. liquefaciens and Saitozyma podzolica. Furthermore, most of Candida spp. strains and some uncommon opportunistic species showed high values of minimal inhibitory concentration. Conclusion: Results obtained indicate that C. albicans continues to be the predominant species in oral cavity of immunodeficient patients and along with other unusual species may present high resistance to the antifungals tested.
Treatment of wastewater from the petrochemical industry by chemical Fenton process Tratamiento de agua residual procedente de la industria petroquímica con el proceso Fenton químico

Advanced oxidation processes aid in the degradation of contaminating rganic matter, as they can form eas ly degradable compounds by biologic processes or break organic matter down to its minerals. In this study, it was tested the chemical Fenton process of chemical oxidation for organic matter degradation of petrochemical wastewater with chemical oxygen demand higher than 20 g/L, batch laboratory experiments and continuous pilot plant tests. In batch testing, it was used the statistical factorial experiments design, confirmed by verification t sts utilizing various concentrations in water and subsequently in continuous flow in a pilot plant by oxidation under the Chemical Fenton process. Variables’ effects on contaminant degradation in water follow an order: pH > relation Fe/H2O2 > time > [H2O2]. The chemical Fenton process removes more than 50% of contaminants chemical oxygen demand in batc laboratory testing and more than 70% in continuous pilot plant testing. Easily oxidized organic matter consumes H2O2 at the beginning of the process, whereas organic matter that was more difficult to degrade was oxidized with a hydroxyl radical (OH•).
Optimization tifton-85 grass cutting for productivity and nutrient value

The objective of this work was to determine the impact of cutting Tifton-85 grass at 14, 28, 42, 46, 70, and 80 days of regrowth on its production and nutritional characteristics during the rainy season. The study area of 238 m2 was divided into four sub-area, with 6 plots of 2 × 2 m spaced 1 m between plots and 2 m between sub-area. Random block design was used. The statistical analyses were performed following a randomized block design. Results were obtained as means from evaluations conducted in two consecutive years. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased as the cutting age increased. However, crude protein, NDF nitrogen, ADF nitrogen and leaves/stem relationship decreased as the cutting age increased. The production of digestible dry matter increased linearly as the cutting age increased. Similarly, grass height, green matter and dry matter production (DMP) increased as the cutting age increased. The different cutting age did not influence the nitrogen A, B1 + B2, and B3 fractions of the grass. However, the C fraction increased as the cutting age increased. Longer intervals between cuts increased the grass productivity per cut, but compromised its nutritional composition and leaves/stem relationship. For Tifton -85, the regrowth age of 28 days allows greater production of dry matter and greater accumulated production of crude protein and digestive dry matter in the rainy season or over time.
Biological effect of calcium sources on the high levels of lead in rat ' s body

The main target of the present investigation was to study the effect of some calcium sources on the level of Lead in albino rats. Thirty healthy adult male albino rats "Sprague Dawley strain" weighing 150 ± 5 g , were used and divided into 6 equal groups, one was kept as a negative control group, while the second Group(5rats) fed on basal diet with lead 0.7 % ( control positive group), group ( 3 and 4 ) was fed basal diet with lead and calcium chloride 0.5 % and 1 % respectively (as chemical calcium source) ,while groups ( 5 and 6 ) was fed on diet with lead 0.7 % and Molokhia leaves at 5 % and 10 % respectively for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and relative weights of liver, kidneys and spleen were calculated. Also, serum liver functions (GOT & GPT) and kidney functions (Urea & CR) were determined in serum. Histopathological changes of liver were examined. The results indicated that rats infected lead which fed on diet with calcium cholride and molokia leaves significant increase in body weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency and improved the liver functions and kidney functions when compared with positive control. Treating rats with calcium sources especially natural source at 10 % and calcium cholride at the level 1 % decreased the toxic effect of lead in rats body on tested parameters. Also, they decreased the toxic changes in cell structure of liver when compared with liver's tissues of positive control .
Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Trigona Propolis: The Effects of Processing Parameters

Abstract Microwave-assisted extraction of Trigona propolis in closed vessel was applied to reduce the extraction duration and volume of solvent. The effects of operating parameters (temperature, duration, power applied and sample to solvent ratio) on the extract yield, total phenolic, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity measured by DPPH method were measured after extraction. Without temperature control, propolis extract showed improvement in yield and quality by extending the extraction duration at low microwave power. However, the yield dropped significantly and the ethanolic solvent was released when the vessel pressure increased dramatically at higher power applied. The effects of extraction duration, temperature and the sample to solvent ratio were further investigated using a constant power of 300 W with temperature control. As long as the temperature was precisely controlled below 125°C, propolis extraction can be accomplished in shorter time (15 min) and less solvent (sample to solvent ratio of 1:5 (w/v)) without degradation compared to maceration.
A Review of Cloud-Based Malware Detection System: Opportunities, Advances and Challenges

Cloud computing has an important role in all aspects of storing information and providing services online. It brings several advantages over traditional storing and sharing schema such as an easy access, on-request storage, scalability and decreasing cost. Using its rapidly developing technologies can bring many advantages to the protection of Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) from a variety of cyber-attacks, where IoT, CPS provides facilities to humans in their daily lives. Since malicious software (malware) is increasing exponentially and there is no well-known approach to detecting malware, the usage of cloud environments to detect malware can be a promising method. A new generation of malware is using advanced obfuscation and packing techniques to escape from detection systems. This situation makes almost impossible to detect complex malware by using a traditional detection approach. The paper presents an extensive review of cloud-based malware detection approach and provides a vision to understand the benefit of cloud for protection of IoT, CPS from cyber-attack. This research explains advantages and disadvantages of cloud environments in detecting malware and also proposes a cloud-based malware detection framework, which uses a hybrid approach to detect malware.
Characterisation of the cloud condensation nuclei properties of complex aerosols

Hygroscopic properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed by photooxidation of different concentrations (10–27 or 220–270 ppb) of α-pinene precursor was investigated at different relative humidities (RH) using a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA, RH = 95–97%) and using the mobile version of the Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator (LACIS-mobile, RH = 98–99.3%). In addition, the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity was measured applying two CCN counters (CCNC). An apparent single-hygroscopicity parameter κ of ∼0.09, ∼0.07– 0.13, and ∼0.02–0.04 was derived from CCNC, HTDMA and LACIS data, respectively,
Block Ciphers in Cryptograpy

Block cipher is a type of key cipher which operates on a fixed length group of bits known as block ciphers. It is most widely used cryptographic algorithm. It is not necessary that the input should be only 128 bits. Size may vary. A message longer than 128 bits is encrypted by breaking the message into blocks and encrypted them individually. Block ciphers are important elementary components in the design of many cryptographic protocols, and are widely used to implement encryption of bulk data. Keywords: symmetric; algorithm; codes; cipher; message; elementary; cryptography; decryption; encryption; protocols;
Atmega Microcontroller 2560 Based Safety System of Monitor Panel and Controller on a Small Excavator

This study aimed to design and build an Atmega Microcontroller 2560 based safety system on a monitor panel and a controller on a small excavator. Atmega 2560 Microcontroller-based alarm technology is the right choice as a solution to prevent theft of monitor panels and controllers on small excavator units, using Passive Infra-Red (PIR) sensor number 1 in the cabin room, PIR sensor number 2 on the battery, and door switch that is between the cabin and the door, if there is theft in the cabin room, then the alarm will be active, if a theft occurs in the battery then the alarm will be active. The alarm indicator system uses a buzzer (horn) unit, and there is additional lighting in the cabin room with a 24V Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp if the alarm is active. Using an alarm, the risk of losing the monitor panel and controller due to theft on the unit can be prevented. The study results showed that the tool could work appropriately according to the standard testing tool, PIR sensors number 1 and 2 could detect movement or radiation so that the alarm would be active for 15 seconds. The door switch was tested by looking at the alarm condition, if the cabin door were closed when it was in the locked position, the alarm would not be active, but if the door was locked and forcibly opened, then the alarm would be active continuously without stopping until the door was closed again.
Evaluation of sex-associated differences in validity of the SOFA score in ICU patients

Background. Most of intensive care scoring systems are helpful to objectively assess the severity of an illness and morbidity. Therefore, scoring systems are used to assess the probability of mortality in ICU-patients and to compare patient populations. Recently, SOFA-score was incorporated into sepsis definition models to improve discrimination of patient populations. During the last decades, sex was recognized as a relevant factor that invoked the need for novel, sex-oriented, approaches to therapy. To date, data evaluating sex-related differences in intensive care scoring systems are not available and current scoring systems may be less precise to women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the validity of different intensive care scoring systems from a sex perspective. Methods. In five surgical intensive care units (ICUs) patients were evaluated including daily assessment of 3 different scoring systems (SOFA, SAPS-II, TISS-28). First obtained scores on ICU admission were assessed for sex-specific discrimination of ICU mortality. Results. Altogether 1,862 patients fulfilled inclusion criteria. Men showed statistical significant higher admission SOFA-score-values compared to women (5.5 ± 4.1 versus 4.6 ± 3.6, p = <0.001), but mortality was similar (10% men versus 11.6% females, P = 0.257). Logistic regression analysis showed that sex is not significantly interacting with SOFA, SAPS or TISS-28. Additionally, there was no difference between male and females in score discrimination for ICU mortality. Conclusions. In a surgical ICU population, sex did not significantly change the validity of common intensive care unit scores. SOFA, SAPS and TISS-28 are comparable in female and male ICU-patients. A sex bias was not detected.
Evaluating Nutritional Values of Selected Grass Species in Chaffe area,Hawassa, Ethiopia

This study was conducted to evaluate nutritive value of grass species inChaffe communally grazing area.According to thefocus group discussion, three grass species (Pennisetumclandestinum, Chlorisgayana and Cynedemdactylon) were selected for chemical composition evaluation due to their preference for animals in this area. The variables recorded were dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL). Data on these values were subjected to the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS statistical package and usedTukey test means comparison procedure to separate difference among species. As seen from this study, DM values were 95.09%, 94.23% and 95.11% forPennisetumclandestinumChlorisgayana, and Cynedemdactylon, respectively and showed no variation among species (p>0.05). Current finding indicated 16.34%, 12.40% and 12.56% ash percentage forPennisetumclandestinum,Chlorisgayanaand Cynedemdactylon, respectively and seen variation(p<0.05) among species. It was also seen from current finding that CP values obtained 13.03%, 9.21% and 8.01% for PennisetumclandestinumChlorisgayanaand Cynedemdactylon, respectively were significantly different (p<0.05) among three grass species. Similarly, fiber contents (NDF 57.23%, 66.06% and 62.34% for PennisetumclandestinumChlorisgayanaand Cynedemdactylon, respectively; ADF 26.33%, 32.27% and 33.41% for PennisetumclandestinumChlorisgayanaand Cynedemdactylon, respectively and ADL 4.43%, 6.18% and 6.32% for PennisetumclandestinumChlorisgayanaand Cynedemdactylon, respectively) indicated significant variation (p<0.05) among grass species. However, Pennisetumclandestinum showed better quality among selected three grass species;according to standard the present study revealed high levels ofdetergent fibers for all three selected native grasses used mainly as forage for livestock in this area. So, this indicates need of improved forage and supplementary feed for livestock reared in this area to obtain better production for farmers from their animals.
Recommendation on screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in primary care for individuals not known to be at high risk

CMAJ | APRIL 19, 2021 | VOLUME 193 | ISSUE 16 E549 I n Canada, Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea) are the most commonly reported sex­ ually transmitted bacterial infections (STIs),1,2 with reported cases in the population increasing annually since 2000.3 In 2018, reported cases were highest in people aged 15–29 years, with rates of 1.0%–1.9% for chlamydia and 0.2%–0.3% for gonorrhea in this population,4 while rates among individuals older than 30 years were less than 0.5% for chlamydia and less than 0.2% for gonor­ rhea.4 Many infected individuals, however, are asymptomatic or do not seek care, and are not included in reported cases.3 Taking into account underreporting, the true prevalence of chlamydia in people aged 15 to 29 years may be as high as 5%–7%. 3–6 Consequences of untreated chlamydia in females can include cervicitis in 10%–20%,7 pelvic inflammatory disease in 10%– 16%,8,9 infertility in up to 5%,10 chronic pelvic pain in 3%–8%,10,11 and ectopic pregnancy in up to 2%. 10 Consequences of untreated gonorrhea may include rates of pelvic inflammatory disease that exceed those for chlamydia.12 In males, chlamydia may be associ­ ated with epididymitis in up to 7%, with or without orchitis,6,13 and, very rarely, infertility.14 Consequences of chlamydia affect­ ing both sexes include urethritis in 4% of females and up to 3% of males;15 pharyngitis; proctitis; reactive arthritis lasting longer than 6 months in 1%–4% (when considering both chlamydia and gonorrhea);16,17 and disseminated gonococcal infection in less than 1%, which can rarely lead to sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis or osteomyelitis.18 Screening sexually active individuals for chlamydia and gon­ orrhea could reduce clinical complications and transmission, but should be done only if benefits from screening exceed harms19,20 and resource use is justifiable. In Canada, STI screening is most commonly offered oppor­ tun istically by clinicians in a variety of primary care settings (e.g., family practice, sexual health clinics, school health centres) during visits that may or may not be for sexual health–related GUIDELINE CPD
A review on the fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing: Filament processing, materials, and printing parameters

Abstract This study aims to review research the progress on factors that affect the 3D printing results of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process. The review is carried out by mapping critical parameters and characteristics determining FDM parameters, the effects of each parameter, and their interaction with other parameters. The study started from the filament manufacturing process, filament material types, and printing parameters of FDM techniques. The difference in each section has determined different parameters, and the respective relationships between parameters and other determinants during printing have a significant effect on printing results. This study also identifies several vital areas of previous and future research to optimize and characterize the critical parameters of the FDM printing process and FDM filament manufacturing.