Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Additive and heterosis effects on preweaning traits, maternal ability and reproduction from crossing of the Angus and brown Swiss breeds in Florida.

Angus (A), Brown Swiss (S) and A X S reciprocal F1 (AS) dams were mated to A, S and AS (also reciprocal F1) sires resulting in nine breed groups of progeny with varying proportions of Angus and Brown Swiss breeding. Breed group of dam and of sire significantly influenced birth weight, preweaning daily gain, weaning weight, 205-d weight, condition score and frame size. The means for birth weight and weaning weight were 33 and 213 kg, respectively. Brown Swiss bulls sired calves with the heaviest birth and weaning weights. Calves produced by S dams likewise were heavier at birth and weaning. Pregnancy rates were influenced significantly by year, age and breed of dam and averaged 79, 95 and 92% for S, AS and A cows, respectively. Survival rate averaged 97% and was not influenced significantly by any of the effects examined. Because survival rates were similar for all breed groups, the results for weaning rate paralleled those for pregnancy rate. Genetic influences on preweaning growth traits and survival rate were partitioned into additive breed differences (B) and heterosis (H) effects for direct (d) and maternal (m) components. Pregnancy and weaning rates were examined using similar analyses except that genotype of service sire of dam replaced that of the offspring for the direct additive breed and direct heterosis components. The Bd values indicated that the Angus breed was inferior (P less than .01) to the Brown Swiss breed for all preweaning growth traits except for condition score, in which the Angus breed surpassed (P less than .01) the Brown Swiss. The Bm values also showed an advantage for the Brown Swiss breed for all preweaning growth traits. The additive maternal effect (the genotype of the females exposed), Bm, was important for pregnancy rate and weaning rate (P less than .001 and P less than .05) but not for survival rate (P greater than .10). The direct additive breed effect was not important for any reproductive trait. Direct heterosis did not affect any of the preweaning or reproduction traits; however, maternal heterosis (Hm) significantly affected all traits except birth weight, frame score and survival rate. The Hm estimates were 12.0 and 8.4 kg for weaning weight and 205-d weight, respectively. The Hm estimates for pregnancy rate, survival rate and weaning rate were 10, 2 and 13%, respectively.
Information Technology Planning in the 1990's: Directions for Practice and Research

Although planning is a crucial information management issue, it must be seen as only one facet of an organization's complete program for information technology management. Attention in this article is first directed toward understanding the larger management context within which planning activities are likely to transpire. The paper then describes a vew of planning appropriate for the 1990's and identifies contributions form the information technology (IT) planning literature likely to facilitate IT planning efforts.
Relaxation time approximation for relativistic dense matter.

In this article the relaxation time approximation for a system of spin-1/2 fermions is studied with a view to calculating those transport properties obeyed by relativistic dense matter such as viscosity coefficients, thermal conductivities, spin diffusion, etc. This is achieved {ital via} the use of covariant Wigner functions. The collision term is, of course, linear in the deviation of the Wigner function from equilibrium, and {ital a} priori involves arbitrary functions of the four-momentum. These functions are restricted from physical arguments and from the requirement of Lorentz invariance. The kinetic equation obeyed by the Wigner function is then split into a mass-shell constraint and true'' kinetic equations, whose solution is sought within the Chapman-Enskog approximation. It is also realized that, in a relativistic quantum framework, there exist {ital two} expansion parameters: the new parameter occurs because of the existence of a new length scale defined by the Compton wavelength; in some cases (e.g., when the effective mass of the fermions goes to zero), this last quantity can be of the order of the mean free path. From the first-order solutions and from the Landau-Lifshitz matching conditions, the main transport properties of the system are obtained as functions of the macroscopicmore » quantities (temperature, density, polarization) {ital and} of various relaxation times to be determined elsewhere by a specific physical model. Finally, all the results obtained are discussed and suggestions for some extensions are given. « less
Statistics: An Introduction Using R

this would appeal to the applications oriented user. In a small class this can be used but I think additional material is required to explain concepts. One cannot expect a text that combines so much material to easily cover everything. There are few areas that were not emphasized that one might emphasize more in teaching. For example, there is too much emphasis on μ and not enough on ε. Analysis of assumptions is discussed in one section for simple linear regression but not for multiple regression or analysis of variance. I found some material to be well explained and the explanation of other material to be a bit brief. For example, the four types of residual plots are discussed, include one to assess independence. The explanation of the lack of independence is discussed (in one paragraph) without describing potential causes of dependence or giving examples of when it might occur. The lag plot code is given with little comment on what is actually done. I doubt that many students would understand what plot(tmp[-n], tmp[-n]) actually does without further comment. Additional description of the idea of a lag plot is in an earlier section of the text, but as part of a problem. Referring to the problem number would help as would additional details on what the code actually does. I think that texts which have a large number of programs should write them in a comment verbose fashion rather than a comment terse fashion. Introducing students to programming who have never programmed need as many reminders as possible to help understand the steps in the program. More comments would greatly improve the books purpose as an R aid.
Protective effect of natural honey against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats.

AIMS The protective effects of natural honey against acetic acid-induced colitis were investigated in rats. METHODS Honey and glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose mixture were administered, orally and rectally, daily for a period of 4 days. Induction of colitis was done on the third day using 3% acetic acid. Animals were killed on day 4 two hours after administration of the dose and colonic biopsies were taken for macroscopic scoring, histopathological and biochemical studies. RESULTS Honey dose-dependently afforded protection against acetic acid-induced colonic damage. There was almost 100% protection with the highest dose (5 g/kg) used while glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose mixture produced no significant protective effect. Also, honey prevented the depletion of the antioxidant enzymes reduced glutathione and catalase and restored the lipid peroxide malondialdehyde towards normal levels. CONCLUSIONS Further studies are required to explore the active ingredients responsible for the antioxidant effect of honey and its therapeutic potential in humans.
The Envelope Glycoprotein of HIV‐1 Alters NMDA Receptor Function

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV‐1) infection often results in central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, yet the mechanism(s) of action for HIV‐1 in the CNS are not fully understood. In the present study gp120, the HIV‐1 envelope glycoprotein, was shown to selectively inhibit N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor function. In addition to inhibiting radioligand binding to rat NMDA receptors, gp120 inhibited NMDA‐induced currents in Xenopus oocytes, attenuated NMDA‐stimulated calcium flux and cytotoxicity in cultured cerebellar granule cells, and provided partial protection against NMDA‐induced lethality in vivo. These findings suggest that NMDA receptor complex is a possible site of action of HIV‐1 within the CNS.
An Integrated Pain Clinic Model.

Dear Editor, We were interested to read the paper by Sletten et al. ⇓ reporting the economic benefits of a multidisciplinary outpatient pain rehabilitation program. Here, we describe an integrated pain clinic model which shares a similar treatment paradigm and which has functioned successfully for almost 30 years. Haukeland University Hospital in Bergen has 880 somatic ward beds and is the regional hospital for Western Norway which has a population of 1,080,000 people. In 2014, there were 406,292 outpatient visits, and a total of 27,403 surgeries were performed. The multidisciplinary Pain Clinic was established as Norway's first in 1985, having five full-time positions (anesthesiologist, psychologist, physiotherapist, nurse and secretary). The clinic was funded by the Norwegian Cancer Society, and from 1987 was organized within the Department of Anesthesiology. Initial focus was on cancer patients having pain and/or other distressing symptoms such as nausea, dyspnea, and insomnia. Services were soon expanded to include an outpatient clinic for chronic noncancer pain, and from the beginning of the 1990s, a service for patients with refractory acute pain. Today, the unit has more than 20 full-time positions, divided between 30 specialist staff and has been renamed the Center for Pain Management and Palliative …
Fast gradient descent for drifting least squares regression, with application to bandits

Online learning algorithms require to often recompute least squares regression estimates of parameters. We study improving the computational complexity of such algorithms by using stochastic gradient descent (SGD) type schemes in place of classic regression solvers. We show that SGD schemes efficiently track the true solutions of the regression problems, even in the presence of a drift. This finding coupled with an $O(d)$ improvement in complexity, where $d$ is the dimension of the data, make them attractive for implementation in the big data settings. In the case when strong convexity in the regression problem is guaranteed, we provide bounds on the error both in expectation and high probability (the latter is often needed to provide theoretical guarantees for higher level algorithms), despite the drifting least squares solution. As an example of this case we prove that the regret performance of an SGD version of the PEGE linear bandit algorithm [Rusmevichientong and Tsitsiklis 2010] is worse that that of PEGE itself only by a factor of $O(\log^4 n)$. When strong convexity of the regression problem cannot be guaranteed, we investigate using an adaptive regularisation. We make an empirical study of an adaptively regularised, SGD version of LinUCB [Li et al. 2010] in a news article recommendation application, which uses the large scale news recommendation dataset from Yahoo! front page. These experiments show a large gain in computational complexity, with a consistently low tracking error and click-through-rate (CTR) performance that is $75\%$ close.
Constrained PET Composition for Measuring Enforced Privacy

Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) are well-defined, domain-specific means to preserve information privacy in computerized systems, i.e., by protecting Personally Identifiable Information (PII). We believe that increasing privacy awareness and governance will lead to wider adoption of PETs in service infrastructures. To support that, a better understanding of privacy-enhanced services composed out of multiple PETs is necessary. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no general domain-independent and formal PET model and research about their composition is missing. The work at hand presents a formal, set-based and domain-independent taxonomy model for PETs, along with an algebra for constrained composition of PETs. The measurement of enforced privacy in service infrastructures with deployed PETs is one of many use cases for such a PET algebra and is demonstrated subsequently in a scenario with two exemplary privacy-enhanced services.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Species of Chlamydomonas Containing Phosphatidylcholine

ABSTRACT Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is one of the essential phospholipids for most eukaryotes. Although the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lacks PC, four species containing PC were found in the genus Chlamydomonas. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of the four species of Chlamydomonas containing PC.
Title Testosterone is an independent determinant of bone mineral density in menwith type 2 diabetes mellitus

Title Testosterone is an independent determinant of bone mineral density in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Author(s) Vasilkova, Olga; Mokhort, Tatiana; Sanec, Igor; Sharshakova, Tamara; Hayashida, Naomi; Takamura, Noboru Citation Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 49(1), pp.99-103; 2011 Issue Date 2011-01 URL http://hdl.handle. net/10069/27363 Right © 2011 by Walter de Gruyter. NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Academic Output SITE
Antibodies and antigen expression in human melanoma detected by the immune adherence test

By means of a modified immune adherence (IA) technique, sera from melanoma patients were tested for the presence of antimelanoma antibodies. In total 13/73 sera tested showed a positive IA reaction of which 4/6 sera showed a positive reaction in the autologous situation. Sera from 33 patients with other tumors, 7 patients with non‐neoplastic diseases and 50 healthy individuals did not show any IA reactivity towards melanoma cells. The reaction seemed to be selectively directed against tumor‐associated antigens (TAA) on melanoma cells. No correlation with the stage of the disease could be found. Longitudinal studies indicated that conversions in antibody activity did not correlate with the clinical state of the patients. There was also no correlation with the corresponding in vitro data obtained in cell‐mediated immunity tests. Cell lines and short‐term cultures originating from tumors from different melanoma patients shared a common antigenicity. The expression of TAA on cells from a melanoma cell line fluctuated significantly during prolonged culture. The expression of TAA was influenced by the culture conditions and the growth state of the cells. A relation between TAA‐expression and cell cycle phase was demonstrated.
RNA Structural Rearrangement via Unwinding and Annealing by the Cyanobacterial RNA Helicase, CrhR*

Rearrangement of RNA secondary structure is crucial for numerous biological processes. RNA helicases participate in these rearrangements through the unwinding of duplex RNA. We report here that the redox-regulated cyanobacterial RNA helicase, CrhR, is a bona fide RNA helicase possessing both RNA-stimulated ATPase and bidirectional ATP-stimulated RNA helicase activity. The processivity of the unwinding reaction appears to be low, because RNA substrates containing duplex regions of 41 bp are not unwound. CrhR also catalyzes the annealing of complementary RNA into intermolecular duplexes. Uniquely and in contrast to other proteins that perform annealing, the CrhR-catalyzed reactions require ATP hydrolysis. Through a combination of the unwinding and annealing activities, CrhR also catalyzes RNA strand exchange resulting in the formation of RNA secondary structures that are too stable to be resolved by helicase activity. RNA strand exchange most probably occurs through the CrhR-dependent formation and resolution of an RNA branch migration structure. Demonstration that another cyanobacterial RNA helicase, CrhC, does not catalyze annealing indicates that this activity is not a general biochemical characteristic of RNA helicases. Biochemically, CrhR resembles RecA and related proteins that catalyze strand exchange and branch migration on DNA substrates, a characteristic that is reflected in the recently reported structural similarities between these proteins. The data indicate the potential for CrhR to catalyze dynamic RNA secondary structure rearrangements through a combination of RNA helicase and annealing activities.
μ-Opioid Receptor-Mediated Antinociceptive Responses Differ in Men and Women

Sex differences in the experience of clinical and experimental pain have been reported. However, the neurobiological sources underlying the variability in pain responses between sexes have not been adequately explored, especially in humans. The endogenous opioid neurotransmitters and μ-opioid receptors are centrally implicated in responses to stress, in the suppression of pain, and in the action of opiate analgesic drugs. Here we examined sex differences in the activation of the μ-opioid system in response to an intensity-controlled sustained deep-tissue pain challenge with positron emission tomography and a μ-opioid receptor-selective radiotracer. Twenty-eight young healthy volunteers (14 men and 14 women) were studied during saline control and pain conditions using a double-blind, randomized, and counterbalanced design. Women were scanned during the early follicular phase of their menstrual cycles after ovulatory cycles. Significant sex differences in the regional activation of the μ-opioid system in response to sustained pain were detected compared with saline controls. Men demonstrated larger magnitudes of μ-opioid system activation than women in the anterior thalamus, ventral basal ganglia, and amygdala. Conversely, women demonstrated reductions in the basal state of activation of the μ-opioid system during pain in the nucleus accumbens, an area previously associated with hyperalgesic responses to the blockade of opioid receptors in experimental animals. These data demonstrate that at matched levels of pain intensity, men and women during their follicular phase differ in the magnitude and direction of response of the μ-opioid system in distinct brain nuclei.
Asthma and Allergy in Finnish Conscripts

We studied the occurrence of asthma, bronchial wheezing, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in 295 young men aged 18–19 years. The relationship of these symptoms to the immediate skin test reactivity was also determined. Symptoms indicating past or current allergy’ and bronchial wheezing were observed in 36%. The cumulative prevalence of asthma was 2.7% bronchial wheezing 9% in addition, allergic rhinitis including allergic conjunctivitis; 20% and atopic dermatitis (including allergic urticaria) 20%. Positive immediate skin prick test reactions were observed in 50% of the population. Allergic rhinitis was most clearly connected with a positive skin test. This study shows that the respiratory disorders, generally considered to be allergic in origin, and atopic dermatitis are more common in Finland than has been assumed. The results are however, in accordance with the observations made in other industrialized countries.
A novel receptor for diadenosine polyphosphates coupled to calcium increase in rat midbrain synaptosomes

1 Diadenosine polyphosphates, AP4A and Ap5A, as well as ATP, α,β‐MeATP and ADP‐β‐S, were able to elicit variable intrasynaptosomal Ca2+ increases in rat midbrain synaptic terminals. The origin of the Ca2+ increment was the extrasynaptosomal space since the elimination of extracellular Ca2+ abolished the effect of all the agonists. 2 The P2‐purinoceptor antagonist, suramin, did not affect the Ca2+–increase evoked by diadenosine polyphosphates but dramatically blocked the Ca2+ entry induced by ATP and its synthetic analogues. 3 The actions of Ap5A and ATP on the intrasynaptosomal Ca2+ increase did not cross‐desensitize. 4 Concentration‐response studies for diadenosine polyphosphates showed pD2 values of 54.5 ±4.2 μm and 55.6 ±3.8 μm for AP4A and Ap5A, respectively. 5 The entry of calcium induced by diadenosine polyphosphates could be separated into two components. The first represented a selective voltage‐independent Ca2+ entry; the second, a sustained phase which was voltage‐dependent. 6 Studies on the voltage‐dependent Ca2+–channels involved in the effects of the diadenosine polyphosphates, demonstrated that Ω‐conotoxin G‐VI‐A inhibited the sustained Ca2+–entry, suggesting the participation of an N‐type Ca2+–channel. This toxin was unable to abolish the initial cation entry induced by AP4A or Ap5A. Ω‐Agatoxin IV‐A, tetrodotoxin, or nifedipine did not inhibit the effects of the diadenosine polyphosphates. 7 The effect of ATP on Ca2+–entry was abolished by nifedipine and Ω‐conotoxin G‐VI‐A, suggesting the participation of L‐ and N‐type Ca2+–channels in the response to ATP. 8 These data suggest that AP4A, Ap5A and ATP activate the same intracellular Ca2+ signal through different receptors and different mechanisms. AP4A and Ap5A induce a more selective Ca2+–entry in a voltage‐independent process. This is the first time that a selective action of diadenosine polyphosphate through receptors other than P1 and P2‐purinoceptors has been described.
Conception et combinaisons de techniques d'interaction mid-air dans les environnements à grands écrans. (Designing and combining mid-air interaction techniques in large display environments)

Les environnements a grands ecrans (Large Display Environments, LDE) sont des espaces de travail interactifs contenant un ou plusieurs grands ecrans fixes et divers dispositifs d'entree ayant pour but de permettre la visualisation et la manipulation de tres grands jeux de donnees. La recherche s'est de plus en plus interessee a ces environnements durant ces dix dernieres annees, et il existe d'ores-et-deja un certain nombre de techniques d'interaction correspondant a la plupart des tâches elementaires comme le pointage, la navigation et la selection de commandes. Cependant, ces techniques sont souvent concues et evaluees separement, dans des environnements et des cas d'utilisations specifiques. Il est donc difficile de les comparer et de les combiner.Dans ce manuscrit, je propose un ensemble de guides pour l'analyse et la combinaison des canaux d'entree et de sortie disponibles dans les LDEs. Je presente d'abord une etude de leurs caracteristiques selon deux axes: (1) le retour visuel, et la maniere dont il affecte l'utilisabilite des techniques d'interaction et la collaboration co-localisee, et (2) les canaux d'entree, et comment les combiner en d'efficaces ensembles de techniques d'interaction. Grâce a ces analyses, j'ai developpe quatre pre-requis de conception destines a assurer que des techniques d'interaction peuvent etre utilisees (i) a distance, (ii) en meme temps que d'autres techniques et (iii) avec d'autres utilisateurs. Suivant ces pre-requis, j'ai concu et evalue un ensemble de techniques de navigation, d'invocation de commandes tout en pointant, et de pointage haute-precision avec des moyens d'entree limites. J'ai egalement developpe deux methodes de calibration de techniques de pointage, l'une specifique aux techniques ayant deux niveaux de precision et l'autre adaptee aux fonctions d'acceleration. En conclusion, j'introduis deux considerations de plus haut niveau sur la combinaison de techniques d'interaction dans des environnements aux canaux d'entree limites : (1) il existe un compromis entre le fait de minimiser l'utilisation des membres de l'utilisateur et celui d'effectuer des actions en parallele qui affecte les performances de l'ensemble ; (2) changer la fonction de transfert d'une technique de pointage durant son utilisation peut avoir un effet negatif sur les performances.