Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alternative ecological and social proposals for preventing the global threat of emerging infectious diseases

Emerging infectious diseases are a major global health threat in the human, animal and plant worlds. Zoonoses and vector borne diseases are becoming prevalent worldwide. A large part of global health funding is dedicated to the fight against Dengue, Zika and Ebola diseases. Until now, public health strategies have been mainly based on vaccine development, medication testing or on proposals for “acceptable” cultural changes in local population practices to limit transmission risk, without thinking about the root causes. In this literature review, it will be argued that the current economic system, through its growth imperatives which ignore planetary limits, together with intensive agricultural practices, is related to infectious disease emergence. Monocultural practices, such as rubber/palm oil industrial plantations, through the ecological perturbation inflicted, act as a driver of vector borne and zoonotic diseases. Deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and human invasion of remote forested areas are followed by the emergence of zoonoses such as Ebola disease. Even if any emergence is always a multifactorial process, it is still fundamental to highlight the major influence of environmental drivers. The characteristics of specific ecological and social contexts within which emergence occurs should be explored. Alternative health and environmental paradigms could help impede the emergence of infectious diseases. A true “One health” approach which takes care of ecosystems and preserves the diversity of living things and of relationships corresponds to an “EcoHealth” approach. Ecological options and environmental solutions could produce a real innovation in public health. Stopping deforestation and ecosystem destruction and fostering peasant agroecology and free evolution for certain forested areas could slowly lead to rebalanced ecosystems. Furthermore, ecological actions would be less stigmatizing than promotion of cultural changes. An alternative public health program based on “health within a healthy environment” would be more effective than a secondary struggle against emerging diseases. This suggests introducing public health as a fundamental land use issue, inaugurating peasant agroecology, land use and conservation as fundamental public health issues, and developing coherent policies.
Search for therapeutics against COVID 19 targeting SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease: an in silico study

Background: The global pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA betacoronavirus of the family Coronaviridae. Papain-like protease (PLpro) of SARS CoV-2 is an important target of COVID-19 because it is a multifunctional cysteine protease essential for coronaviral replication. Large numbers of phytochemicals with varied chemical structures isolated from medicinal plants have been shown to possess antiviral activity. Some of these phytochemicals have been chosen on the basis of literature survey for this study. Reported inhibitors of the papain-like protease are taken as control and for QSAR study.Methods: Three dimensional structure of target was downloaded from Protein Data Bank and docked with phytochemicals & inhibitors by using software FlexX. Inhibitors of the papain-like protease were taken from binding database and QSAR analysis was performed by using EasyQSAR software.Results: Six phytochemicals: Baicalin, Rutin, Biopterin, Licoleafol, Luteolin and Quercetin shows stable bonding pattern with the target in compare to known inhibitors as it shows least score in docking, forms maximum number of hydrogen bonds with the active residues of the receptor. The predicted IC50 values of the phytochemicals are also better than the known inhibitors.Conclusion: Based on present observation of docking score of both phytochemicals and known inhibitors, IC50 value of known inhibitors and predicted IC50 of phytochemicals, we suggests above mentioned six phytochemicals may be the Papain-like protease (PLpro) targeted potent drug leads against Covid-19.
DICE*: A Formally Verified Implementation of DICE Measured Boot

Measured boot is an important class of boot protocols that ensure that each layer of firmware and software in a device’s chain of trust is measured, and the measurements are reliably recorded for subsequent verification. This paper presents DICE? , a formal specification as well as a formally verified implementation of DICE, an industry standard measured boot protocol. DICE? is proved to be functionally correct, memorysafe, and resistant to timingand cache-based side-channels. A key component of DICE? is a verified certificate creation library for a fragment of X.509. We have integrated DICE? into the boot firmware of an STM32H753ZI micro-controller. Our evaluation shows that using a fully verified implementation has minimal to no effect on the code size and boot time when compared to an existing unverified implementation.
ASHWAChain: A Fast, Scalable and Strategy-proof Committee-based Blockchain Protocol

Most cryptocurrencies are practically limited, mostly because of their significant time to finality and lack of scalability. Moreover, most of the existing literature for blockchain consensus protocols assumes the miners as honest. The assumption results in the protocols being susceptible to strategic attacks such as selfish mining, undercutting. Consequently, designing scalable, strategy-proof blockchain consensus protocol forms the basis of this work. Towards this, we present ASHWAChain, which deploys committees, generated through an underlying Proof-of-Work blockchain, to reach consensus using PBFT. Through a sophisticated analysis of system performance, we show that ASHWAChain’s performance is significantly better than the current state-of-the-art. Additionally, we analyze miners’ strategic behavior in ASHWAChain and prove that at equilibrium, the miners will honestly follow the protocol under certain assumptions.
DESIGN OF COOPERATIVE OPENMP-BASED METAHEURISTIC APPROACH FOR MULTI-OBJECTIVE KNAPSACK PROBLEM

Parallelism arises as an attractive option when solving Multi-Objective optimization problems (MOPs). Moreover, it seems interesting when metaheuristics demand an intensive use of CPU or memory. In this paper, we propose a parallel implementation of a hybrid ant colony optimization metaheuristic for the multiobjective knapsack problem using the OpenMP framework called MHAC_OMP. The proposed approach combined a MultiObjective Ant Colony Optimization (MOACO) algorithm with Tchebycheff based Local Search (TLS) procedure. The idea behind MHAC_OMP is to evolve several independent MOACO in parallel. Each MOACO hold a local archive to maintain diversity. The parallelization is defined as assuming a shared-memory based on threads in which the initialization phase begins with a single thread called the master thread and executed sequentially. Afterward, a parallel region is defined where many threads are created, each one of them executing its own copy of the proposed ant colony algorithm independently. Experimental results show a significant efficiency of the solutions returned over the sequential implementation.
Trio cooperates with Myh9 to regulate neural crest-derived craniofacial development

Trio is a unique member of the Rho-GEF family that has three catalytic domains and is vital for various cellular processes in both physiological and developmental settings. TRIO mutations in humans are involved in craniofacial abnormalities, in which patients present with mandibular retrusion. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of Trio in neural crest cell (NCC)-derived craniofacial development, and there is still a lack of direct evidence to assign a functional role to Trio in NCC-induced craniofacial abnormalities. Methods: In vivo, we used zebrafish and NCC-specific knockout mouse models to investigate the phenotype and dynamics of NCC development in Trio morphants. In vitro, iTRAQ, GST pull-down assays, and proximity ligation assay (PLA) were used to explore the role of Trio and its potential downstream mediators in NCC migration and differentiation. Results: In zebrafish and mouse models, disruption of Trio elicited a migration deficit and impaired the differentiation of NCC derivatives, leading to craniofacial growth deficiency and mandibular retrusion. Moreover, Trio positively regulated Myh9 expression and directly interacted with Myh9 to coregulate downstream cellular signaling in NCCs. We further demonstrated that disruption of Trio or Myh9 inhibited Rac1 and Cdc42 activity, specifically affecting the nuclear export of β-catenin and NCC polarization. Remarkably, craniofacial abnormalities caused by trio deficiency in zebrafish could be partially rescued by the injection of mRNA encoding myh9, ca-Rac1, or ca-Cdc42. Conclusions: Here, we identified that Trio, interacting mostly with Myh9, acts as a key regulator of NCC migration and differentiation during craniofacial development. Our results indicate that trio morphant zebrafish and Wnt1-cre;Triofl/fl mice offer potential model systems to facilitate the study of the pathogenic mechanisms of Trio mutations causing craniofacial abnormalities.
Polystyrene-Supported Enantiopure 1,2-Diamines: Development of a Most Practical Catalyst for the Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones

Chlorosulfonylated polystyrene, a commodity resin, reacts with enantiopure 1,2-diamines to afford, in a single step, high loading catalytic resins involving monosulfonylated 1,2-diamino moieties. These functional polymers form stable (p-cymene)ruthenium chloride [RuCl(p-cymene)] complexes that efficiently catalyze (down to S/C=150) the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of alkyl aryl ketones with formic acid-triethylamine under essentially solvent-free (down to 0.25 mLmmol ―1 ) reaction conditions. Among these resins, the immobilized version of TsDPEN stands out as a most practical catalyst for ATH: Uniformly high enantioselectivities are achieved with its use at low catalyst loading, and the resin can be recycled with virtually no limits.
Stochastic Cutting Planes for Data-Driven Optimization

We introduce a stochastic version of the cutting plane method for a large class of data-driven mixed-integer nonlinear optimization (MINLO) problems. We show that under very weak assumptions, the stochastic algorithm can converge to an ϵ-optimal solution with high probability. Numerical experiments on several problems show that stochastic cutting planes is able to deliver a multiple order-of-magnitude speedup compared with the standard cutting plane method. We further experimentally explore the lower limits of sampling for stochastic cutting planes and show that, for many problems, a sampling size of [Formula: see text] appears to be sufficient for high-quality solutions.
Template of Manuscripts for IREE

This research sheds light on the concept of network marketing as one of the emerging types of marketing, which appeared and spread extensively among all producers, especially after the technology and information revolution and the Internet, which swept all countries of the world. In this paper, we present the general concept of marketing network , and then it will go to talk about structural equation modeling (SEM) technique has significant potential as a research tool for assessing and modifying theoretical models . However, despite its increasing use in the field, it remains a complex tool that is often difficult to apply effectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the previous IS applications of SEM and to suggest guidelines to realize the potential of SEM in IS research. We show how results are extracted with (SPSS) program as a statistical programs important data analysis.
The Impact of Financial Development on Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption

JEL Classification: G1; C33; C36; Q43. To date, a sufficient number of studies have dealt with the effect of financial development on energy consumption. Yet, most of these studies have neglected diversification between renewable and non-renewable energy consumption. In fact, financial development may affect renewable energy consumption differently than nonrenewable energy consumption. This is because renewable energy production necessitates high-cost investments. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to estimate the impact of financial development on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in 37 OECD countries by employing the one-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) for the period 2002–2015. The findings statistically proved that financial development is positively linked with renewable energy consumption, but it is not related to non-renewable energy consumption. This paper also confirmed the existence of a negative correlation between the openness index and renewable energy consumption with non-renewable energy consumption. Intuitively, it was expected that renewable energy production engages in high-cost investments compared to non-renewable energy production. Thus, renewable energy consumption is more responsive to a solid and well-structured financial market than non-renewable energy consumption.
A proposal to revise the disruption index

The disruption index (DI) based on bibliographic coupling and uncoupling between a document and its references was first proposed by Funk & Owen-Smith (2017) for citation relations among patents and then adapted for scholarly papers by Wu et al. (2019). However, Wu & Wu (2019) argued that this indicator would be inconsistent. We propose revised disruption indices (DI* and DI#) which make the indicator theoretically more robust and consistent. Along similar lines, Chen et al. (2020) developed the indicator into two dimensions: disruption and consolidation. We elaborate the improvements in simulations and empirically. The relations between disruption, consolidation, and bibliographic coupling are further specified. Bibliographic coupling of a focal paper with its cited references generates historical continuity. A two-dimensional framework is used to conceptualize discontinuity not as a residual, but a dimension which can further be specified.
HTRA1 Variants and the Interaction with Smoking Confer the Genetic Susceptibility to Ischemic Stroke

High temperature requirement protein A1 (HtrA1) was identified as the causative gene of autosomal recessive arteriopathy and associated with lacunar ischemic stroke (IS) in European. This study aimed at evaluating the association of HTRA1 with IS and four tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in a cohort of 4,098 Chinese. The mRNA level of HTRA1 in 72 IS cases and 72 hypertension controls were measured and compared. In whole population, SNP rs2268350 (C>T) was significantly associated with IS incidence (P=0.034). Stratification analysis observed significant association of rs2268350 in male, smoking and drinking populations, rs2672587 (C>G) in smoking and nonsmoking populations and rs3793917 (C>G) in smoking, nonsmoking and nondrinking populations with stroke respectively (P<0.05). The additive interaction and multiplicative interaction between rs2268350 and smoking were both of significant (P<0.05) after adjustment for the covariates. There was a cumulated risk of IS among genotypes of rs3793917 (P=0.009) and rs2672587 (P=0.047) in smoking population. The mRNA level of HTRA1 in non-smokers with rs2268350 CC was significantly higher than smokers with rs2268350 CT/TT (P=0.046) in IS cases. Our findings support that HTRA1 confers the genetic susceptibility to IS and smoking might modify the genetic effect of HTRA1 on IS by suppressing HTRA1 mRNA expression.
Beyond MPI

Networkswith Remote DirectMemoryAccess (RDMA) support are becoming increasingly common. RDMA, however, offers a limited programming interface to remote memory that consists of read, write and atomic operations. With RDMA alone, completing the most basic operations on remote data structures often requires multiple round-trips over the network. Data-intensive systems strongly desire higher-level communication abstractions that supportmore complex interaction patterns. A natural candidate to consider is MPI, the de facto standard for developing high-performance applications in the HPC community. This paper critically evaluates the communication primitives of MPI and shows that using MPI in the context of a data processing system comes with its own set of insurmountable challenges. Based on this analysis, we propose a new communication abstraction named RDMO, or Remote DirectMemory Operation, that dispatches a short sequence of reads, writes and atomic operations to remote memory and executes them in a single round-trip.
TSOPER: Efficient Coherence-Based Strict Persistency

We propose a novel approach for hardware-based strict TSO persistency, called TSOPER. We allow a TSO persistency model to freely coalesce values in the caches, by forming atomic groups of cachelines to be persisted. A group persist is initiated for an atomic group if any of its newly written values are exposed to the outside world. A key difference with prior work is that our architecture is based on the concept of a TSO persist buffer, that sits in parallel to the shared LLC, and persists atomic groups directly from private caches to NVM, bypassing the coherence serialization of the LLC.To impose dependencies among atomic groups that are persisted from the private caches to the TSO persist buffer, we introduce a sharing-list coherence protocol that naturally captures the order of coherence operations in its sharing lists, and thus can reconstruct the dependencies among different atomic groups entirely at the private cache level without involving the shared LLC. The combination of the sharing-list coherence and the TSO persist buffer allows persist operations and writes to non-volatile memory to happen in the background and trail the coherence operations. Coherence runs ahead at full speed; persistency follows belatedly.Our evaluation shows that TSOPER provides the same level of reordering as a program-driven relaxed model, hence, approximately the same level of performance, albeit without needing the programmer or compiler to be concerned about false sharing, data-race-free semantics, etc., and guaranteeing all software that can run on top of TSO, automatically persists in TSO.
Synthesis, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of mononuclear and dinuclear bis(bipy)ruthenium(II) complexes containing dimethoxyphenyl(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole ligands

The ligands HL1 and H2L2 and the complexes [Ru(bipy)2L1]PF6·2H2O 1, [(Ru(bipy)2)2L2](PF6)2·7H2O 2, {where HL1 = 3-(2′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(pyridin-2″-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole, H2L2 = 1,4-bis(5′-(pyridin-2″-yl)-1′H-1′,2′,4′-triazol-3′-yl)-2,5-dimethoxybenzene and bipy = 2,2′-bipyridyl}, have been prepared and characterised, by NMR, UV–vis and emission spectroscopies and by electrochemical measurements. X-Ray crystal structures of ligands HL1, H2L2 and of the complex 1 are also reported. The dinuclear complex (2) exhibits a weak electronic interaction between the metal centres, which is modulated by the protonation state of the 1,2,4-triazole rings. The extent of the metal–metal interaction in these systems is compared with that observed in other pyridyl-1,2,4-triazole based dinuclear compounds of differing metal–metal distances.
1 Title : The Coordination and Jumps along C 4 Photosynthesis Evolution in the Genus Flaveria

Udo Gowik: Institute of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany, gowik@uni-duesseldorf.de. Steve Kelly: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, steven.kelly@plants.ox. ac.uk. Sarah Covshoff: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, sarahcovshoff@gmail.com. Harmony Clayton: School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia, 20152857@student.uwa.edu.au. Julian M. Hibberd: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, jmh65@cam.ac.uk. Rowan F. Sage: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, r.sage@utoronto.ca. Martha Ludwig: School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia, martha.ludwig@uwa.edu.au. Gane Ka-Shu Wong: BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, T6G 2E9, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, T6G 2E1, Canada, gane@ualberta.ca. Peter Westhoff: Institute of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany, west@uni-duesseldorf.de.
Experimental Study of the Effect of Membrane Porosity on Membrane Absorption Process

Abstract Five kinds of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) flat membranes with different porosity and micro‐pore size were chosen to carry out the unsteady state gas absorption experiments. The influence of the membrane porosity and micro‐pore size on the membrane absorption process was investigated. Experimental results showed that the membrane porosity had an impact on the membrane absorption process, and the degree of this impact depended on the absorption system and the membrane pore size. For a rapid mass transfer process, the porosity affected the mass transfer more significantly, while for the slow mass transfer process the porosity almost did not affect the mass transfer. The modeling analysis showed that the porosity affected the concentration profile of the solute near the membrane surface on the liquid side, which led to the reduction of the mass transfer area of the membrane. Hence, the apparent effect on the mass transfer of the membrane absorption process.
Evolution of collective fairness in complex networks through degree-based role assignment

From social contracts to climate agreements, individuals engage in groups that must collectively reach decisions with varying levels of equality and fairness. These dilemmas also pervade Distributed Artificial Intelligence, in domains such as automated negotiation, conflict resolution or resource allocation. As evidenced by the well-known Ultimatum Game -- where a Proposer has to divide a resource with a Responder -- payoff-maximizing outcomes are frequently at odds with fairness. Eliciting equality in populations of self-regarding agents requires judicious interventions. Here we use knowledge about agents' social networks to implement fairness mechanisms, in the context of Multiplayer Ultimatum Games. We focus on network-based role assignment and show that preferentially attributing the role of Proposer to low-connected nodes increases the fairness levels in a population. We evaluate the effectiveness of low-degree Proposer assignment considering networks with different average connectivity, group sizes, and group voting rules when accepting proposals (e.g. majority or unanimity). We further show that low-degree Proposer assignment is efficient, not only optimizing fairness, but also the average payoff level in the population. Finally, we show that stricter voting rules (i.e., imposing an accepting consensus as requirement for collectives to accept a proposal) attenuates the unfairness that results from situations where high-degree nodes (hubs) are the natural candidates to play as Proposers. Our results suggest new routes to use role assignment and voting mechanisms to prevent unfair behaviors from spreading on complex networks.