Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Content of Fortified and Unfortified Holder Pasteurized Donor Human Milk during Prolonged Refrigerated Storage.

OBJECTIVE To assess the microbial growth in unfortified and fortified Holder pasteurized donor human milk (HPDHM) during 96 hours of refrigerated storage in a clinical setting. METHODS Thirty-six unfortified samples and 77 fortified samples of HPDHM were prepared in a neonatal intensive care milk preparation room and stored in the NICU refrigerator at 4°C to simulate a real-life feeding environment. 1 mL aliquots were removed at 24 hour intervals and cultured in duplicate for bacterial growth on solid blood agar medium. Viable bacterial colonies were characterized using standard microbiological methods. RESULTS 96.5% of milk samples manipulated in a vertical laminar flow hood were negative for bacterial growth. In the remainder 3.5% of the samples the maximum growth was 1 colony forming unit/ 0.1 ml plated. Higher colony counts were observed when the laminar hood was not used. In all cases, the colonies represented common skin bacteria and demonstrated an inconsistent and unsustained growth. Fortifier status and storage time were not significantly associated with increased bacterial growth (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Unfortified and fortified Holder pasteurized donor human milk remain largely free of bacterial growth for up to 96 hours of refrigerated storage in NICU settings. Sample handling techniques are important for preventing microbial contamination.
Information Seeking in Electronic Environments

Information and information seeking 2. Information seekers and electronic environments 3. Information-seeking perspective and framework 4. Foundations for personal information infrastructures: 5. Information-seeking knowledge, skills, and attitudes 6. Analytical search strategies 7. Browsing strategies 8. Designing support for Browsing: 9. A research and development perspective 10. The continuing evolution of information seeking 11. Future directions and conclusion.
Disease coding systems for arthrogryposis multiplex congenita

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) encompasses many different conditions, involves many different genes and thus can be very complex. Using historical disease coding systems to document syndrome diagnoses and anomalies associated with AMC is often challenging. However, disease coding systems are necessary to provide opportunities for a standard language to be maintained and pertinent data to be identified in the pediatric AMC registry, congenital anomalies surveillance systems, and routine or administrative health information systems. The ICD‐10, Orphanet, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, and the Human Phenotype Ontology coding and classification systems are described to establish a comprehensive coding strategy. This strategy will provide a necessary tool to contribute to a better understanding of AMC and ultimately improve the health of individuals with AMC.
IL-10 secreted by cancer-associated macrophages regulates proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer cells via c-Met/STAT3 signaling

Gastric cancer is one of the most common types of human cancer, and it is additionally one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Previous studies have suggested that interleukin (IL)-10 may contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, it was observed that the expression of IL-10 was significantly upregulated in gastric tumor tissues and serum samples of patients with gastric cancer. Furthermore, IL-10 was increased in the cell culture supernatant of cancer-associated macrophages (CAMs). Treatment with cell culture supernatant from CAMs induced a significant increase in proliferation and migration, while it suppressed apoptosis, in MGC-803 and BGC-823 gastric cancer cells. Notably, application of an inhibitory IL-10 antibody partially blocked the cell culture supernatant of CAM-induced oncogenic effects. RNA-sequencing analysis was then performed to identify the differentially expressed genes in MGC-803 cells treated with IL-10. Based on the sequencing results and in vitro analysis, it was demonstrated that IL-10-induced carcinogenic behaviors in MGC-803 cells were potentially mediated by activation of the c-Met/STAT3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, the present results demonstrated that IL-10 secreted by CAMs may be involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, suggesting that IL-10 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Prolactin receptor expression in mouse dorsal root ganglia neuronal subtypes is sex‐dependent

Sensory neurones exhibit sex‐dependent responsiveness to prolactin (PRL). This could contribute to sexual dimorphism in pathological pain conditions. The present study aimed to determine the mechanisms underlying sex‐dependent PRL sensitivity in sensory neurones. A quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction shows that prolactin receptor (Prlr) long and short isoform mRNAs are expressed at comparable levels in female and male mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In Prlrcre/+;Rosa26LSL‐tDTomato/+ reporter mice, percentages of Prlr+ sensory neurones in female and male DRG are also similar. Characterisation of Prlr+ DRG neurones using immunohistochemistry and electrophysiology revealed that Prlr+ DRG neurones are mainly peptidergic nociceptors in females and males. However, sensory neurone type‐dependent expression of Prlr is sex dimorphic. Thus, Prlr+ populations fell into three small‐ and two medium‐large‐sized sensory neuronal groups. Prlr+ DRG neurones are predominantly medium‐large sized in males and are proportionally more comprised of small‐sized sensory neurones in females. Specifically, Prlr+/IB4+/CGRP+ neurones are four‐ to five‐fold higher in numbers in female DRG. By contrast, Prlr+/IB4−/CGRP+/5HT3a+/NPYR2− are predominant in male DRG. Prlr+/IB4−/CGRP−, Prlr+/IB4−/CGRP+ and Prlr+/IB4−/CGRP+/NPYR2+ neurones are evenly encountered in female and male DRG. These differences were confirmed using an independently generated single‐cell sequencing dataset. Overall, we propose a novel mechanism by which sensory neurone type‐dependent expression of Prlr could explain the unique sex dimorphism in responsiveness of nociceptors to PRL.
A Novel Approach to Enhancing Upper Extremity Coordination in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract Recent studies examining children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have revealed kinematic markers highlighting deficits in the preparatory and online phases of upper extremity movements. In the following study, 12 children with high functioning ASD were first assessed (pre-test) on 15 trials of a reciprocal upper extremity Fitts Law target task by flexing and extending their right arm in the horizontal plane between two targets as fast and accurately as possible. Following the initial assessment, the children either continued with 30 additional trials of the target task (control) or were asked to track a sine wave template (experimental). All participants were then assessed on 15 trials of the target test (post-test). Results reveal that tracking the sine wave template during training not only produced faster movements compared to the control but also produced these movements in a more harmonic way.
MPZL1 promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration via activation of Src kinase in ovarian cancer

Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Myelin protein zero like 1 (MPZL1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that promotes migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and is involved in extracellular matrix-induced signal transduction. However, the functional role of MPZL1 in ovarian cancer has not been well elucidated. The present study conducted western blotting, phase-contrast imaging and immunohistochemistry to reveal the functions of MPZL1 in ovarian cancer. The present study demonstrated that the expression levels of MPZL1 were associated with malignant features of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, overexpression of MPZL1 significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Conversely, MPZL1 depletion by short hairpin RNA inhibited migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. In addition, this study demonstrated that phosphorylation of Src kinase was increased upon MPZL1 overexpression. Additionally, phosphorylation and activation of pro-metastatic proteins p130 and cortactin were induced by phosphorylated Src kinase. Collectively, these findings indicated that MPZL1 may be a novel pro-metastatic gene, which promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration through Src-mediated phosphorylation of p130 and cortactin in ovarian cancer.
Subsets of NLR genes show differential signatures of adaptation during colonisation of new habitats.

Nucleotide binding site, Leucine-rich repeat Receptors (NLRs), are canonical resistance (R) genes in plants, fungi and animals, functioning as central (helper) and peripheral (sensor) genes in a signalling network. We investigate NLR evolution during the colonisation of novel habitats in a model tomato species, Solanum chilense. We used R-gene enrichment sequencing (RENSeq) to obtain polymorphism data at NLRs of 140 plants sampled across 14 populations covering the whole species range. We inferred the past demographic history of habitat colonisation by resequencing whole genomes from three S. chilense plants from three key populations, and performing Approximate Bayesian Computation using data from the 14 populations. Using these parameters we simulated the genetic differentiation statistics distribution expected under neutral NLR evolution, and identified small subsets of outlier NLRs exhibiting signatures of selection across populations. NLRs under selection between habitats are more often helper genes, while those showing signatures of adaptation in single populations are more often sensor-NLRs. Thus, centrality in the NLR network does not constrain NLR evolvability, and new mutations in central genes in the network are key for R gene adaptation during colonisation of different habitats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Quantum authentication using entangled state

A scheme of quantum authentication is presented. Two parties share Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs previously as the authentication key which servers as encoder and decoder. The authentication is accomplished with local controlled-NOT operations and unitary rotations. It is shown that our scheme is secure even in the presence of an eavesdropper who has complete control over both classical and quantum channels. Another character of this protocol is that the EPR sources are reusable. The robustness of this protocol is also discussed.
Anxiety and depression symptoms among pregnant women with different smoking habits

ABSTRACT Smoking during pregnancy is a major public health issue. The aim of this study isto describe the smoking habits of women during pregnancy and its association with clinically significant depressive and anxiety symptoms. 382 women answered to a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 33 weeks of gestation. Among pregnant woman, 284 are non-smokers, 38 are smokers and 60 quitted smoking during pregnancy. There was a significant association between maternal smoking status and marital status, education level and family income per month. Among smokers, the rate of quitters was quite similar among partnered and unpartnered women and higher in women with university degree and with higher family monthly income. There was a significant association between maternal smoking status and clinically significant anxious symptoms [χ2(2)=8.535, p=0.014]. Among mothers with non-university education, smokers are more likely to have clinically significant anxiety symptoms than quitters (53.6% vs 24.3%) while among mothers in higher income families, smokers are more likely to have clinically significant depressive symptoms than quitters (100% vs 11.1%). This study provides important data to inform effective public health strategies directed to pregnant women.
Immediate dental implants placed into infected sites present a higher risk of failure than immediate dental implants placed into non-infected sites: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Alveolar infection is known as a risk factor for implant failure. Current meta-analysis on the theme could not prove statistically that immediate dental implants placed into infected sites have a higher risk of failure than immediate dental implants placed into non-infected sites. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of immediate dental implants placed into infected versus non-infected sites. Material and Methods Seven databases were sought by two reviewers. Randomized or non-randomized clinical trials that compared the placement of dental implants into infected versus non-infected sites were eligible for the study. Exclusion criteria were: papers in which the survival rate was not the primary outcome; papers without a control group; studies with less than one year of follow-up; studies whose patients did not receive antibiotic therapy; studies with medically compromised patients; duplicated papers. Risk of bias assessment was performed with the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Results Of the 3.253 initial hits, 8 studies were included in both qualitative and quantitative synthesis (kappa=0.90; very good agreement). Forest plot for implant failure showed that immediate implants placed into infected sites presented a statistically significant risk of failure that is almost 3 times higher than when placed into non-infected sites (risk ratio= 2.99; 95% confidence interval: 1.04, 8.56; p= 0.04; 935 implants; i2= 0%). Peri-implant outcomes showed no statistical difference. Conclusions Immediate dental implants placed into infected sites presented a statistically significant higher risk of failure than immediate dental implants placed into non-infected sites. Peri-implant outcomes were not statistically affected in this intervention. Key words:Dental implants, infection, tooth socket, systematic review, immediate placement.
Prostate cancer risk decreases following cessation of night shift work

Night shift work has been associated with breast and prostate cancer. Recent studies on breast cancer indicate that risk is highest in women with current night-shift work and decreases with time since last night-shift work. We re-analysed data from the MCC-Spain population based case-control study to evaluate whether the attenuation shown for breast cancer by time since last exposure is also observed in prostate cancer. Incident histologically confirmed prostate cancer cases (n=1093) aged 27-85 were recruited in 11 hospitals in 7 Spanish regions 2008-2013 and were matched to a random sample of general population controls (n=1387). We recorded detailed information on shift work for all jobs and on lifestyle and sociodemographic factors. Subjects with current or recent night shift work (0-2 years) had an Odds Ratio of 1.25 (95%CI 0.86,1.80) compared to never night shift workers. A similar risk was observed for night shift workers who interrupted such an exposure less than 20 years ago (OR=1.23, 0.95,1.60). At 20 years since last exposure, there was no increased risk (OR=1.02, 0.8-1.3, p-value for trend=0.08). The pattern was similar when adjusting also for cumulative duration of night shift work. We describe a pattern of time-related decrease in prostate cancer risk following night shift work with a nearly null association 20 years after last exposure that has also been observed for breast cancer. This pattern may help understand mechanisms of disease and may also explain differences between findings of epidemiological studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
RFID and Application Security

The question of how well radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology can maintain security in business applications continues to plague both information system developers and end-consumers. Today's RFID standards do not necessarily cover all of the desired security capabilities. In this paper we suggest characterizing potential applications of RFID in terms of a set of primitive functions (presence, access, transaction, matching, and proximity), each of which may require support from security mechanisms to ensure privacy, availability, integrity, and non-repudiation appropriately. A five-step process for assessing how well current technology meets application needs is defined and examples of its use provided.
Latent Classes of Cognitive Functioning Among Depressed Older Adults Without Dementia

Abstract Objective: Use latent class analysis (LCA) to identify patterns of cognitive functioning in a sample of older adults with clinical depression and without dementia and assess demographic, psychiatric, and neurobiological predictors of class membership. Method: Neuropsychological assessment data from 121 participants in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-Depression project (ADNI-D) were analyzed, including measures of executive functioning, verbal and visual memory, visuospatial and language functioning, and processing speed. These data were analyzed using LCA, with predictors of class membership such as depression severity, depression and treatment history, amyloid burden, and APOE e4 allele also assessed. Results: A two-class model of cognitive functioning best fit the data, with the Lower Cognitive Class (46.1% of the sample) performing approximately one standard deviation below the Higher Cognitive Class (53.9%) on most tests. When predictors of class membership were assessed, carrying an APOE e4 allele was significantly associated with membership in the Lower Cognitive Class. Demographic characteristics, age of depression onset, depression severity, history of psychopharmacological treatment for depression, and amyloid positivity did not predict class membership. Conclusion: LCA allows for identification of subgroups of cognitive functioning in a mostly cognitively intact late life depression (LLD) population. One subgroup, the Lower Cognitive Class, more likely to carry an APOE e4 allele, may be at a greater risk for subsequent cognitive decline, even though current performance on neuropsychological testing is within normal limits. These findings have implications for early identification of those at greatest risk, risk factors, and avenues for preventive intervention.
Posterior Perichondrioadipodermal flap: A Versatile Option for Revision Otoplasty.

INTRODUCTION Complications after otoplasty procedure can be divided into early and late-period complications, with the former occurring up to 14 days postoperatively and the latter occurring after the initial 14-day period. Indications for revision surgery of ear deformations after primary otoplasty are generally related to late complications. The majority of patients demand secondary treatment because of unsatisfactory cosmetic results. METHODS A total of 32 patients (18 male and 14 female patients) underwent revision otoplasty with the same surgeon between May 2015 and May 2018. Patient ages ranged from 24 to 70 years. In total, 21 patients underwent bilateral revision otoplasty, whereas 11 patients underwent unilateral revision otoplasty. Patients were also evaluated for complaint and deformity type such as suture extrusion, recurrence, asymmetry, and postauricular area sensitivity or pain. Patients were also evaluated for previously performed primary otoplasty technique. RESULTS There were mainly 4 long-term complications for revision otoplasty: suture extrusion, asymmetry, recurrence, and long-term pain and sensitivity in the posterior auricular area. In 12 cases, the complaint was suture extrusion; in 8 cases, patients complained about both suture extrusion and asymmetry. Bilateral recurrence was present in 10 cases, and in 2 cases, revision otoplasty was performed because of long-term pain and sensitivity. DISCUSSION In this study, it was aimed to demonstrate that posterior perichondrioadipodermal flap is a safe and simple method for revision otoplasty. The technique is highly advantageous if the primary otoplasty technique is a cartilage-sparing method. However, if the primary otoplasty technique is a cartilage-sculpting method, the efficiency of this technique remains unknown because no patient in this study had cartilage-sculpting otoplasty as primary otoplasty, which is possibly the main drawback of this study.
YY males of the dioecious plant Mercurialis annua are fully viable but produce largely infertile pollen

The suppression of recombination during sex-chromosome evolution is thought to be favoured by linkage between the sex-determining locus and sexually-antagonistic loci, and leads to the degeneration of the chromosome restricted to the heterogametic sex. Despite substantial evidence for genetic degeneration at the sequence level, the phenotypic effects of the earliest stages of sex-chromosome evolution are poorly known. Here, we compare the morphology, viability and fertility between XY and YY individuals produced by crossing seed-producing males in the dioecious plant Mercurialis annua L. , which has young sex chromosomes with limited X-Y sequence divergence. We found no significant difference in viability or vegetative morphology between XY and YY males. However, electron microscopy revealed clear differences in pollen anatomy, and YY males were significantly poorer sires in competition with their XY counterparts. Our study suggests either that the X chromosome is required for full male fertility in M. annua, or that male fertility is sensitive to the dosage of relevant Y-linked genes. We discuss the possibility that the maintenance of male-fertility genes on the X chromosome might have been favoured in recent population expansions, which selected for the ability of females to produce pollen in the absence of males.