Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Usability assessment in the adaptation phase of the Electronic Health Record

ABSTRACT Usability of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in the adaptation phase is a primary focus of hospitals seeking to improve the ability of their staff to document patient care and condition. Most research has been focused on the implementation phase but as many health-care systems are now in the adaptation phase this research addresses this gap. This case study utilizes a mixed methods approach to analyze survey data, collected within a large academic healthcare system regarding the use and usability of the EHR and analyzes the associated text responses for reoccurring themes. The primary respondents were nurses, the largest group of her users. Results indicate that changes made to the EHR should decrease the effort required for documentation, reduce redundancy of charting, reduce the amount of data on flowsheets, address communication strategies and streamline documentation to improve the usability of the EHR. When changes are made, implemented, and utilized the EHR continues to be shaped by hospital staff who design their workflow around it. This case study finds that changes made to the EHR should decrease the effort required for documentation, reduce the redundancy of charting, reduce the amount of data on flowsheets, and thus, streamline documentation. This case study provides suggestions and validations for hospital systems as they seek to modify their EHRs to improve employee satisfaction and EHR usability, ultimately improving patient safety and outcomes.
Predicting Colonization Growth of Algae on Mortar Surface with Artificial Neural Network

AbstractAlgal colonization on facade structure is a common phenomenon which significantly deteriorates the service quality of buildings and may even affect the health of residents. Thus, predicting the colonization progress of algae can be helpful to establish appropriate schedules and methods of building maintenance. This research investigates a machine learning solution for estimating algal colonization growth on mortar surfaces that relies on an artificial neural network (ANN). A data set of 539 experimental data samples has been collected to construct the proposed approaches. The cross-validation process reveals that the ANN has achieved an outstanding prediction performance with the correlation of determination (R2)=0.91 and the root-mean square error (RMSE)=5.69.
Symptoms of Protracted Alcohol Withdrawal in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Background: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is characterized by different phases (acute, early and protracted). Protracted alcohol withdrawal (PAW) presents some symptoms, which may persist for several weeks, months or even years after drinking cessation. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the literature in major scientific databases on selected AWS symptoms (craving, sleep disorders, and anhedonia) in patients with alcohol use disorder. Results: Of the 102 eligible publications (70 RCTs and 32 cohort studies), 88 provided data on craving, 21 on sleep disorders, and 1 on anhedonia. Overall, 37 studies assessed craving using the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS). Pooled OCDS decreased from 24.2 at baseline to 18.8 at 1 week, 10.3 at 1 month and 9.7 at 3 months. The corresponding estimates for treated individuals were 23.9, 18.8, 8.7, and 8.8, and for non-treated subjects, they were 25.3, 13.9, 13.2, and 11.4, respectively. In 4 studies assessing sleep disorders using the Epworth Sleeping Scale (ESS), the scale remained stable in time, i.e., 7.3 at baseline, 7.3 at 1 week, 7.2 at 1 month, and 7.1 at 3 months. Conclusion: This study confirms the presence of PAW after the resolution of the acute phase of AWS. The pharmacological approach to managing PAW may ensure a more rapid reduction of symptoms in three weeks. We highlight the importance of studying PAW and the ability of pharmacological treatment to reduce its symptoms. This review protocol is registered in Prospero (registration number: CRD42020211265). Summary: This systematic review summarizes literature on major symptoms of protracted alcohol withdrawal in patients with alcohol use disorder. The pharmacological approach to manage protracted alcohol withdrawal ensures a more rapid reduction of symptoms (craving in particular), achieving in three weeks similar results obtained only after almost 6 months without treatment.
Ultralow Power Always-On Intelligent and Connected SNN-Based System for Multimedia IoT-Enabled Applications

The recent advances in artificial neural networks (ANNs) have created immense opportunities to achieve excellent results on the Internet of Things (IoT), which serve the uses of various real-time smart applications, such as in computer vision and speech recognition. However, the efficiency of ANNs comes at the expense of a huge number of computational resources. This tends to necessitate larger and wider ANNs unapplicable for embedded systems with limited hardware resources, e.g., mobile and wearable devices. To that end, biologically realistic spiking neural networks (SNNs) are first employed to build an always-on intelligent and connected integrated IoT-enabled system with ultralow power consumption, where we encode the temporal dynamic stimuli into effective, efficient, and reconstructable spike patterns to facilitate the subsequent processing. Herein, neural encoding plays a key role in faithfully describing the temporally rich patterns for downstream cognitive tasks. Therefore, a novel nonlinear piecewise latency coding approach for a fully event-driven SNN system is developed. Moreover, a surrogate postsynaptic potential kernel function is utilized to address the nondifferential nature of the spike generation scheme when using the error backpropagation learning method. The effectiveness of the proposal tandem with SNNs has been corroborated by indicative empirical results on different data sets serving cognitive tasks.
Halogenated Dihydropyrrol-2-One Molecules Inhibit Pyocyanin Biosynthesis by Blocking the Pseudomonas Quinolone Signaling System

Quorum-sensing (QS) systems of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are involved in the control of biofilm formation and virulence factor production. The current study evaluated the ability of halogenated dihydropyrrol-2-ones (DHP) (Br (4a), Cl (4b), and F (4c)) and a non-halogenated version (4d) to inhibit the QS receptor proteins LasR and PqsR. The DHP molecules exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition of LasR and PqsR receptor proteins. For LasR, all compounds showed similar inhibition levels. However, compound 4a (Br) showed the highest decrease (two-fold) for PqsR, even at the lowest concentration (12.5 µg/mL). Inhibition of QS decreased pyocyanin production amongst P. aeruginosa PAO1, MH602, ATCC 25619, and two clinical isolates (DFU-53 and 364707). In the presence of DHP, P. aeruginosa ATCC 25619 showed the highest decrease in pyocyanin production, whereas clinical isolate DFU-53 showed the lowest decrease. All three halogenated DHPs also reduced biofilm formation by between 31 and 34%. The non-halogenated compound 4d exhibited complete inhibition of LasR and had some inhibition of PqsR, pyocyanin, and biofilm formation, but comparatively less than halogenated DHPs.
Spatial and Temporal Circulation of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi in France Based on Seven Years of Serological Data

Caused by two blood parasites, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, equine piroplasmosis is a tick-borne disease that poses major health and economic issues for the equine industry. Our objective was to gain insight into the spatio-temporal variations of parasite circulation in France, where the disease is known to be enzootic, but has been the subject of few studies. Seroprevalence was assessed for each parasite thanks to 16,127 equine sera obtained between 1997 and 2003 from all over France and analysed through complement fixation tests. Results indicated that 13.2% (5–27% depending on the region) of horses were seropositive for T. equi and 9.5% (3–25%) for B. caballi. Regardless of the year, horses from the southern regions of France were the most affected by B. caballi or T. equi infection, while the proportion of horses having antibodies against T. equi increased over time. These results highlight the heterogeneity of the circulation of both piroplasms, which may be linked with ecological diversity and vector distribution. Our data provide baseline information regarding the sero-epidemiology of B. caballi and T. equi infection in horses in France, making it now possible to select regions for future studies on risk factors, and design and implement effective targeted measures against equine piroplasms.
Controller Design of Flywheel Energy Storage for Vessel Integrated Power Systems

The medium-voltage DC distributed network will be applied in future vessel integrated power systems(IPS), which might make the system dynamics sensitive to effects like faults, loads switching and pulse loads, so the energy storage system is required for better power quality. The flywheel energy storage(FES) system shunt to the DC bus of IPS and composed of an asynchronous motor, a flywheel and a bidirectional converter were introduced. Based on the space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM), a dual-mode, dual-loop control strategy of the FES together with its automatic switching schedule of operation modes was proposed. According to the strategy, there were an outer loop of voltage and an inner loop of current during the adjusting phase of the FES, while during the holding phase, the inner loop of current remained the same but the outer loop turned to be of speed instead. Test beds of the FES were constructed, where the sudden loading experiment and simulating, have been done. The comparison and the analysis of the results indicate that the designed FES can switch its operating modes automatically according to the monitoring signals, and is competent to regulate the DC bus voltage and compensate the unbalanced power flow during disturbances. Thus the voltage fluctuations of the IPS can be suppressed and the power quality can be improved.
Pemilihan Kindergarten Teacher Menggunakan Metode Weight Aggregated Sum Product Assesment (WASPAS)

Raudhatul Athfal (RA) merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan islam anak usia dini yang tumbuh dan berkembang di indonesia. Maka dari itu Raudhatul Athfal membutuhkan seorang tenaga pengajar atau kindergarten teacher guna membantu mengunggah potensi anak didik agar dapat tumbuh dan berkembang dimasa pertumbuhannya. Kemudian untuk menentukan kindergarten teacher yang tepat maka harus dilakukan penilaian kelayakan dengan menimbang berbagai kriteria, agar tidak berdampak buruk pada RA Umar Mirza. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan yang dapat membantu untuk menentukan kindergarten teacher pad RA Umar Mirza menggunakan metode WASPAS. Hasil dari dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan penerapan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan yang mengadopsi metode WASPAS dapat dijadikan solusi yang tepat dalam membantu pihak RA Umar Mirza di dalam menentukan kindergarten teacher mana yang layak sesuai dengan kriteria yang diharapkan.
Temperature compensation of MEMS gyroscope based on grey model and RBF neural network

The zero bias of MEMS gyroscope exhibits nonlinear change with varying temperature and contains significant stochastic error.In view that traditional polynomial method could not accurately establish the relationship between the temperature and the zero bias,this paper puts forward a hybrid model based on grey model theory and RBF neural network.First,it pre-processes the gyro output using the grey model to reduce the noise.Then it uses the processed sample data to train the RBF network,so the training errors are reduced by one magnitude within the same training times.The verification experiments indicate that compared with traditional polynomial model and untreated RBF neural network,the compensated gyro zero bias error is reduced by one order of magnitude and 2/3 respectively.
Frequency and Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Placenta of Mothers with Term and Preterm Deliveries

Globally, prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal mortality (babies in the first four weeks of life) and now the second leading cause of mortality after pneumonia in children under age five. The neonatal gut microbial colonization is crucial in the human life cycle. Placental microbiota transmits from the gut microbiota plays a significant role in association with kinship. Simultaneously, this transition is being made from mother to infant. This comparative study explored the diversity of microbiota associated with term and preterm neonates by evaluating the placental samples. The study found that 16/68 (23.5%) full-term placental samples were positive for S. aureus; on the other hand, 4/16 (25%) preterm placental samples confirmed culture growth for S. aureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns showed that Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolates from both types of samples were resistant to Ofloxacin, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Oxacillin, and Cefoxitin. However, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection was 43.75% in full-term and 75% in preterm placental samples. Moreover, two isolates were positive for both mecA and PVL virulent genes, and the rest were positive only for the mecA gene. Interestingly few isolates lacked both characteristic MRSA genes, mecA and PVL. Notably, resistances were more inclined towards preterm samples for antimicrobial susceptibility and MRSA screening. It may be concluded that there is a significant presence of S. aureus in the placenta of mothers with term and preterm deliveries which might be responsible for preterm deliveries. Therefore, judicious use of antibiotics during pregnancies may help prevent preterm births.
Convolutional networks can model the functional modulation of MEG responses during reading

Neuroimaging studies have provided a wealth of information about when and where changes in brain activity might be expected during reading. We sought to better understand the computational steps that give rise to such task-related modulations of neural activity by using a convolutional neural network to model the macro-scale computations necessary to perform single-word recognition. We presented the model with stimuli that had been shown to human volunteers in an earlier magnetoencephalography (meg) experiment and evaluated whether the same experimental effects could be observed in both brain activity and model. In a direct comparison between model and meg recordings, the model accurately predicted the amplitude changes of three evoked meg response components commonly observed during single-word reading. In contrast to traditional models of reading, our model directly operates on the pixel values of an image containing text. This allowed us to simulate the whole gamut of processing from the detection and segmentation of letter shapes to word-form identification, with the deep learning architecture facilitating inclusion of a large vocabulary of 10k Finnish words. Interestingly, the key to achieving the desired behavior was to use a noisy activation function for the units in the model as well as to obey word frequency statistics when repeating stimuli during training. We conclude that the deep learning techniques that revolutionized models of object recognition can also create models of reading that can be straightforwardly compared to neuroimaging data, which will greatly facilitate testing and refining theories on language processing in the brain.
Visceral Adipose Tissue Indices Independently Correlated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Aims We aimed to explore whether visceral adiposity indices were significantly associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Methods 100 patients with T2DM who underwent overnight polysomnography were analyzed in this study. Anthropometric data, lipid profiles, and glycemic parameters were recorded. Body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral adipose tissue area (VAT area) were collected from a whole body scan using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the associations of AHI with BFP, VAT area, and CVAI. Results The prevalence rate of OSA was 80%, and the mean (±SD) of age was 47.0 ± 13.6 years. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was significantly and positively associated with either VAT area (r = 0.433, p ≤ 0.001) or Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) (r = 0.355, p ≤ 0.001) but not for BFP (r = 0.107, p = 0.294). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that VAT area and CVAI were significantly associated with increased risk of OSA, and the adjusted ORs were (95% CI) 1.025 (1.003-1.047, p = 0.023) and 1.018 (1.002-1.034, p = 0.030), respectively. However, there was no significant association between BFP and increased risk of OSA. Conclusions VAT area and CVAI were independent risk factors of OSA in the patients with T2DM.
DNA Double-Strand Break Repairs and Their Application in Plant DNA Integration

Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered to be one of the most harmful and mutagenic forms of DNA damage. They are highly toxic if unrepaired, and can cause genome rearrangements and even cell death. Cells employ two major pathways to repair DSBs: homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). In plants, most applications of genome modification techniques depend on the development of DSB repair pathways, such as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) and gene targeting (GT). In this paper, we review the achieved knowledge and recent advances on the DNA DSB response and its main repair pathways; discuss how these pathways affect Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA integration and gene targeting in plants; and describe promising strategies for producing DSBs artificially, at definite sites in the genome.
A historically balanced locus under recent directional selection in responding to changed nitrogen conditions during modern maize breeding

Understanding the patterns of selection during plant evolution and recent crop improvement processes is the central topic in plant breeding and genetics. As an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development, nitrogen (N) is a key factor in affecting plant adaptation and crop improvement. The widespread adoption of less expensive industrial N fixation has dramatically reshaped plant morphology by favoring compact maize plants to tolerant crowding stress. The associated genetic changes, however, have not been systematically studied. Here, we investigated maize inbred lines developed before and after the 1960s — the time point when inorganic N fertilizer started to be widely used for maize production. We identified a strong selective sweep exhibiting pronounced genomic differentiation between Old-Era (pre-1960s) and New-Era (post-1960s) inbred lines. Further study revealed population genetics statistics in the sweep exhibited patterns consistent with historical balancing selection. This balanced genomic interval is associated with a number of morphological, physiological, and metabolite traits related to vegetative N responses. A cluster of three glutamate receptor-like (GLR) genes is located within the region targeted by selection. Functional characterizations suggested differences in transcriptional activity of the GLR genes between the haplotypes carried by Old-Era and New-Era inbred lines likely play an essential role in mediating distinct N responses. The identification of both targets of selection and changes in the regulation of N responsive genes between maize lines developed in different eras sheds light on the N sensing and regulation pathways and paves the way to developing N resilient crops.
Novel Pyridazin-3(2H)-one-Based Guanidine Derivatives as Potential DNA Minor Groove Binders with Anticancer Activity

Novel aryl guanidinium analogues containing the pyridazin-3(2H)-one core were proposed as minor groove binders (MGBs) with the support of molecular docking studies. The target dicationic or monocationic compounds, which show the guanidium group at different positions of the pyridazinone moiety, were synthesized using the corresponding silyl-protected pyridazinones as key intermediates. Pyridazinone scaffolds were converted into the adequate bromoalkyl derivatives, which by reaction with N,N’-di-Boc-protected guanidine followed by acid hydrolysis provided the hydrochloride salts 1–14 in good yields. The ability of new pyridazin-3(2H)-one-based guanidines as DNA binders was studied by means of DNA UV-thermal denaturation experiments. Their antiproliferative activity was also explored in three cancer cell lines (NCI-H460, A2780, and MCF-7). Compounds 1–4 with a bis-guanidinium structure display a weak DNA binding affinity and exhibit a reasonable cellular viability inhibition percentage in the three cancer cell lines studied.
The distinction between Sagina apetala and S. micropetala (Caryophyllaceae: Sagineae), their phylogenetic relationships, and a note on the coastal origin of some widespread ruderals

Abstract: The distinction of the annual Sagina apetala and S. micropetala (= S. apetala subsp. erecta, S. filicaulis) is based mainly on the position of sepals in fruit and shape and colour of the sepals, but identification of the two species is difficult. A molecular phylogeny of material identified as S. apetala and S. micropetala as well as other species of the genus using two nuclear and two plastid markers showed that there exist two lineages that are sister to each other and can be unambiguously distinguished molecularly. Although many of the morphological characters used in the literature proved useful in distinguishing these two lineages, sepal indumentum is the most reliable character to discriminate between them in Germany. Whereas S. micropetala usually has glabrous sepals, the sepals of S. apetala usually are glandular-pubescent. The chromosome number of 2n = 12 for S. micropetala, here determined for the first time, is identical to that of S. apetala, supporting the close relationship between the two species. Sagina apetala and S. micropetala are sister to S. maritima, an annual species from European coasts, which may imply a coastal origin of the two species. A brief review of the possible origin of other European ruderals from coastal relatives is provided. Citation: Dillenberger M. S. & Kadereit J. W. 2022: The distinction between Sagina apetala and S. micropetala (Caryophyllaceae: Sagineae), their phylogenetic relationships, and a note on the coastal origin of some widespread ruderals. – Willdenowia 52: 5–23. Version of record first published online on 10 February 2022 ahead of inclusion in April 2022 issue.
Russia’s Foreign Policy Actions and the Syrian Civil War in the United Nations Security Council

ABSTRACT Focusing on the meeting records of the United Nations Security Council draft resolutions that Russia vetoed to stop the Council action targeting the Syrian regime, this article explains the rationale behind the diplomatic shield Russia has provided to Syria. It explores Russia’s motivations, interests, perceptions, and fears through five distinct themes identified from the meeting records. By doing so, it offers further evidence on Russia’s adaptive and responsive position in the negotiated international order that is formed in confrontation with the West. It also demonstrates that the discourses in the Council function as part of a process in which Russia’s national identity, values, and priorities in international politics are constructed socially.