Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The YIG1 (YPL201c) encoded protein is involved in regulating anaerobic glycerol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Under anaerobic conditions S. cerevisiae produces glycerol to regenerate NAD+ from the excess NADH produced in cell metabolism. We here report on the role of an uncharacterized protein, Yig1p (Ypl201cp), in anaerobic glycerol production. Yig1p was previously shown to interact in two‐hybrid tests with the GPP1 and GPP2 encoded glycerol 3‐phosphatase (Gpp), and we here demonstrate that strains overexpressing YIG1 show strongly decreased Gpp activity and content of the major phosphatase, Gpp1p. However, cells overexpressing YIG1 exhibited only slightly decreased GPP1 transcript levels, suggesting that Yig1p modulates expression on both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels. In agreement with such a role, a GFP‐tagged derivate of Yig1p was localized to both the cytosol and the nucleus. Deletion or overexpression of YIG1 did not, however, significantly affect growth yield or glycerol yield in anaerobic batch cultures, which is consistent with the previously proposed low flux control exerted at the Gpp level. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear Decentralized Disturbance Attenuation Excitation Control for Power Systems With Nonlinear Loads Based on the Hamiltonian Theory

A novel nonlinear control scheme for disturbance attenuation of structure preserving multimachine power systems based on Hamiltonian theory is proposed in this paper. The proposed control scheme includes two steps: first, the dissipative Hamiltonian realization of structure preserving power system is completed using the singular perturbation approach in which the algebraic equations are considered as a limit of fast dynamics; second, a nonlinear decentralized disturbance attenuation excitation controller is designed without linearization to improve transient stability of power system as well as the robustness with respect to unknown exogenous disturbance in the sense of L2-gain. Simulation on a two-area system demonstrates that the proposed scheme can enhance transient stability of the system regardless of the exogenous disturbance.
Estimation and projections of cancer prevalence from cancer registry data

A method, PIAMOD (Prevalence, Incidence, Analysis MODel), which allows the estimation and projection of cancer prevalence patterns by using cancer registry incidence and survival data is presented. As a first step the method involves the fit of incidence data by an age, period and cohort model to derive incidence projections. Prevalence is then estimated from modelled incidence and survival estimates. Cancer mortality is derived as a third step from modelled incidence, prevalence and survival. An application to female breast cancer is given for the Connecticut State by using data from the Connecticut Tumor Registry (CTR), 1973–1993. The age, period and cohort model fitted incidence quite well and allowed us to derive long‐term projections up to 2030. Patients' survival was also projected to future years according to a scenario approach based on two extreme hypotheses: steady, that is, no more improvements after 1993 (conservative), and continuously improving at the same rate as during the observation period. Age‐standardized estimated incidence shows a changing trend around the year 2005, when it starts decreasing. Age‐standardized prevalence is expected to increase and change trend at a later date. Breast cancer mortality is projected as decreasing, as the combined result of no further increase in incidence and improving cancer patients' survival. An easy‐to‐use PIAMOD software package, on which work is in progress, will be made available to individual cancer registries and/or health planning institutions or authorities once it is developed. The use of the PIAMOD method for cancer registries will allow them to provide results of paramount importance for the whole community involved in the assessment of future disease burden scenarios in an evolving society. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polysemy in Advertising

The article reviews the conceptual foundations of advertising polysemy – the occurrence of different interpretations for the same advertising message. We discuss how disciplines as diverse as psychology, semiotics and literary theory have dealt with the issue of polysemy, and provide translations and integration among these multiple perspectives. From such review we draw recurrent themes to foster future research in the area and to show how seemingly opposed methodological and theoretical perspectives complement and extend each other. Implications for advertising research and practice are discussed.
HML, a novel hardware description language and its translation to VHDL

We present hardware ML (HML), an innovative hardware description language (HDL) based on the functional programming language SML. Features of HML not found in other HDL's include polymorphic types and advanced type checking and type inference techniques. We have implemented an HML type checker and a translator for automatically generating VHDL from HML descriptions. We generate a synthesizable subset of VHDL and automatically infer types and interfaces. This paper gives an overview of HML and discusses the translation from HML to VHDL and the type inference process.
Early transcription of the SRY gene by bovine preimplantation embryos

We have examined mRNA expression of two genes located on the Y chromosome, the sex‐determining region Y gene (SRY) and the linked zinc finger gene (ZFY), using in vitro fertilized–in vitro cultured bovine embryos. Expression of the SRY gene, implicated in sex determination in mammals, has been reported to occur both for a short time at the sex‐determining stage of development around the period of the primitive undifferentiated gonad and in the adult testis. In this study, using a sensitive reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay, we detected SRY but not ZFY mRNA expression as early as the 4‐ to 8‐cell stage and through to the blastocyst stage in bovine embryos. The expression of SRY at these early stages and the previous observation that in vitro‐produced male bovine embryos develop faster in culture than female embryos suggest that sex differences are evident prior to gonadal differentiation and that preimplantation bovine embryos have sexually dimorphic gene expression at least with respect to SRY transcripts. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 48:246–250, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Infiltrative Approach to Reform Mathematics Teaching:An Analysis of Chinese Middle School Teachers’ Lessons

The newly established mathematics curriculum and teaching standards in the U.S. and many other countries direct mathematics teachers to transform their lesson structure, focus, and activities from the popular teacher directed instruction to student inquiry-oriented teaching. An appropriate understanding about how mathematics teachers implement the above change constitutes an important knowledge base for relevant policy making to mathematics teaching reform. Framed by the constructivist and the situated assumptions about teacher reform, this study examines the changed structural patterns, focuses, and activities of mathematics lessons and the teaching contexts shaping these changes drawing on mathematics lessons that 30 Chinese teachers taught and the interviews with some of them about their lessons. The study found that most of these teachers designed their lessons by infiltrating the ideas and activities envisioned by the reform curriculum standards into their existing teaching structure without undergoing a lesson overhaul transformation. The centralized curriculum standards and materials, contrived teaching organization, and accountability assessment in China impacted importantly on the patterns, focuses, and activities of their lessons designed to reflect their ideas of mathematics teaching reform.
Efficient Algorithms for Simplicial Complexes Used in the Computation of Lyapunov Functions for Nonlinear Systems

Several algorithms have been suggested to parameterize continuous and piecewise affine Lyapunov functions for nonlinear systems in various settings. In these algorithms linear constraints are formulated for the values of a Lyapunov function at all vertices of a simplicial complex. They are then either solved using convex optimization or computed by other means and then verified. Originally these algorithms were designed for continuous-time systems and their adaptation to discrete-time systems and control systems poses some challenges in designing and implementing efficient algorithms and data structures for simplicial complexes. In this paper we discuss several of these and give efficient implementations in C++.
Darwinian transformation of a ‘scarcely nutritious fluid’ into milk

In an early challenge to an aspect of Darwin’s theory of natural selection, Jackson Mivart contended that milk could not have evolved ‘from a scarcely nutritious fluid from an accidentally hypertrophied cutaneous gland’. The evolutionary change from a gland secretion to milk involves an increase in calcium and protein concentrations by up to 100‐ and 1000‐fold, respectively. Even so, the challenge, we suggest, is not just a problem of scale. An increase in the concentrations of calcium and phosphate brings an increased risk of calcification of the secretory gland because calcium phosphate is highly insoluble. In addition, two of the four constituent milk casein proteins (κ and αS2) aggregate to produce toxic amyloid fibrils. It is proposed that both problems were solved through the cosecretion of ancestral β‐ and κ‐caseins to form a stable amorphous aggregate of both proteins with sequestered amorphous calcium phosphate, that is, a primordial casein micelle. Evolutionarily, a gradual increase in the concentration of casein micelles could therefore produce progressively more nutritious fluids for the neonate without endangering the reproductive potential of the mother.
Performance Improvement of Extended Boundary Node Method

The extended boundary node method (X-BNM) with the radial point interpolation method (RPIM) shape function is proposed and its performance is numerically investigated by comparing with the dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRM). The results of computations show that the accuracy of the X-BNM is almost equal to that of the DRM. In addition, the speed of the X-BNM with the RPIM shape function is almost equal to that of the DRM. Therefore, not only the DRM but also the X-BNM with the RPIM shape function is a powerful method for solving the Poisson problem.
β-Catenin stabilization dysregulates mesenchymal cell proliferation, motility, and invasiveness and causes aggressive fibromatosis and hyperplastic cutaneous wounds

Fibroproliferative processes are a group of disorders in which there is excessive proliferation of spindle (mesenchymal fibroblast-like) cells. They range from hypertrophic scars to neoplasms such as aggressive fibromatosis. Cells from these disorders share cytologic similarity with fibroblasts present during the proliferative phase of wound healing, suggesting that they represent a prolonged wounding response. A critical role for β-catenin in mesenchymal cells in fibroproliferative processes is suggested by its high rate of somatic mutation in aggressive fibromatosis. Using a Tcf-reporter mouse we found that β-catenin protein level and Tcf-transcriptional activity are elevated in fibroblasts during the proliferative phase of healing. We generated a transgenic mouse in which stabilized β-catenin is expressed in mesenchymal cells under control of a tetracycline-regulated promoter. Fibroblasts from the transgenic mice exhibited increased proliferation, motility, and invasiveness when expressing stabilized β-catenin and induced tumors after induction of the transgene when grafted into nude mice. Mice developed aggressive fibromatoses and hyperplastic gastrointestinal polyps after 3 months of transgene induction and healed with hyperplastic cutaneous wounds compared with control mice, which demonstrates an important function for β-catenin in mesenchymal cells and shows a central role for β-catenin in wound healing and fibroproliferative disorders.
Incorporating genetic analyses into birth defects cluster investigations: strategies for identifying candidate genes.

BACKGROUND Incorporating genetic analyses into birth defect cluster investigations may increase understanding of both genetic and environmental risk factors for the defect. Current constraints of most birth defect cluster investigations make candidate gene selection the most feasible approach. Here, we describe strategies for choosing candidate genes for such investigations, which will also be applicable to more general gene-environment studies. METHODS We reviewed publicly available web-based resources for selection of candidate genes and identification of risk factors, as well as publications on different strategies for candidate gene selection. RESULTS Candidate gene selection requires consideration of available gene-disease databases, previous epidemiological studies, animal model research, linkage and expression studies, and other resources. We describe general considerations for utilizing available resources, as well as provide an example of a search for candidate genes related to gastroschisis. CONCLUSIONS Available web resources could facilitate selection of candidate genes, but selection of optimal candidates will still require a strong understanding of genetics and the pathogenesis of the defect, as well as careful consideration of previous epidemiological studies.
The Impact of Big Data on Firm Data Diagnosticity: Mediating Role of Data Quality

Firms are attempting to more effectively exploit big data gathered from different sources to increase data diagnosticity. However, with the huge volume of generated data, the large variety of heterogeneous data, and the fast velocity of arriving data, the quality of data is far from perfect which may decrease data diagnosticity within firms. This research-in-progress study draws on the Active Learning Theory, Information Retrieval Interaction Model, and Wang and Strong’s data quality framework to investigate the impact of bigness of data on firm data diagnosticity and explore the mediating role of data quality. The results will be achieved using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Potential contributions to theory and practice are also discussed.
The Effects of Pentoxifylline on the Myocardial Inflammation and Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract Background: Pentoxifylline (Ptx) decreases necessity of cell energy and inflammatory reactions via inhibition of 5′‐nucleotidase (5′‐NT). The aim of this study is to investigate whether the addition of Ptx into the cardioplegic solutions avoids myocardial inflammatory reactions and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury during extracorpereal circulation. Methods: Between December 1999 and February 2002, we operated 75 patients with the diagnoses of atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), valve disease, and coronary disease. The average age of patients was 42.4 and male–female ratio was 1: 1.5. The patients were divided into two groups, which were the study group (n = 40) and the control group (n = 35). We used cold blood cardioplegia mixed with St. Thomas' Hospital II cardioplegic solution for both of the groups. Ptx was added into the cardioplegic solution (500 mg/L) in the study group. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), and tumor necrotisis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels in coronary sinus blood samples during cross‐clamp time (X‐clamp) and after releasing of it and tissue TNF‐α in the right atrial appendix biopsy material that was taken after X‐clamp were studied to compare the both groups. Results: After releasing X‐clamp, results of blood TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐8 of both groups were statistically significant (p < 0.005). At the pathological examination, we also observed that the amount of tissue TNF‐α in the control group (66 ± 17.1) was much higher than the study group (16.6 ± 5.9, p <0.005). Conclusions: These results show that Ptx may be added into cardioplegic solution to avoid the myocardial inflammation and I/R injury during open heart surgery.
Evaluation of bacterial resistance to Chloramine T Biocide and effects on Rifampicin Antibiotic Susceptibility as a consequence of biocide usage in Cooling System Biofilm including Legionella pneumophila

The aim of the study was to investigate the development of bacterial resistance to Chloramine T and subsequent effects on rifampicin susceptibility. Both the efficacy of biocide and antibiotic on the mature biofilm and the co-evaluation of biocide and antibiotic resistance in Legionella pneumophila were investigated. 4 month-old mature biofilm samples which grown in an open recirculating model system to simulate the environment of an industrial cooling water system. After treatment with antimicrobials, the samples were analyzed for heterotrophic plate count, the presence of Legionella spp. , total and direct viable count, the total and free ATP concentration. As an oxidizing biocide preferred in the study, Chloramine T trihydrate is purported not to induce resistance build-up; according to our results, it correspondingly did not build up a cross resistance against the rifampicin preferred in the treatment of Legionnaires' Disease.
Overexpression of TRIM25 in Lung Cancer Regulates Tumor Cell Progression

Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although great efforts and progressions have been made in the study of the lung cancer in the recent decades, the mechanism of lung cancer formation remains elusive. To establish effective therapeutic methods, new targets implied in lung cancer processes have to be identified. Tripartite motif-containing 25 has been associated with ovarian and breast cancer and is thought to positively promote cell growth by targeting the cell cycle. However, whether tripartite motif-containing 25 has a function in lung cancer development remains unknown. In this study, we found that tripartite motif-containing 25 was overexpressed in human lung cancer tissues. Expression of tripartite motif-containing 25 in lung cancer cells is important for cell proliferation and migration. Knockdown of tripartite motif-containing 25 markedly reduced proliferation of lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo and reduced migration of lung cancer cells in vitro. Meanwhile, tripartite motif-containing 25 silencing also increased the sensitivity of doxorubicin and significantly increased death and apoptosis of lung cancer cells by doxorubicin were achieved with knockdown of tripartite motif-containing 25. We also observed that tripartite motif-containing 25 formed a complex with p53 and mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) in both human lung cancer tissues and in lung cancer cells and tripartite motif-containing 25 silencing increased the expression of p53. These results provide evidence that tripartite motif-containing 25 contributes to the pathogenesis of lung cancer probably by promoting proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells. Therefore, targeting tripartite motif-containing 25 may provide a potential therapeutic intervention for lung cancer.
Optimal Operation Control for Multiple BESSs of a Large-Scale Customer Under Time-Based Pricing

This paper presents an online optimal operation framework for multiple battery energy storage systems (BESSs) of a large-scale customer under time-based pricing. Many publications have been reported on optimal battery operation techniques but most of them were analyzed in a simulation environment or a specifically designed test bed. However, this paper focuses on implementing the proposed scheme into actual multiple battery storage units and investigating the performance during long-term field operation. The operation framework consists of two levels: optimal scheduling and real-time dispatch. The optimal scheduling is calculated every hour, using a model predictive control based nonlinear optimization model, to minimize the daily electricity usage cost while regulating the peak. The real-time dispatch determines final commands to multiple battery systems by monitoring the system state and checking for any violations of the operation constraints. The two-level control scheme was designed to handle uncertainty in forecast load and estimated state-of-charge levels of batteries. The operation method was applied into the energy management system supervising one lithium-polymer BESS and two lead-acid BESSs of an industrial site. Comprehensive field operation results prove the reliability and effectiveness of the optimal operation framework.
Salmonella exploits Arl8B‐directed kinesin activity to promote endosome tubulation and cell‐to‐cell transfer

The facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium establishes a replicative niche, the Salmonella‐containing vacuole (SCV), in host cells. Here we demonstrate that these bacteria exploit the function of Arl8B, an Arf family GTPase, during infection. Following infection, Arl8B localized to SCVs and to tubulated endosomes that extended along microtubules in the host cell cytoplasm. Arl8B+ tubules partially colocalized with LAMP1 and SCAMP3. Formation of LAMP1+ tubules (the Salmonella‐induced filaments phenotype; SIFs) required Arl8B expression. SIFs formation is known to require the activity of kinesin‐1. Here we find that Arl8B is required for kinesin‐1 recruitment to SCVs. We have previously shown that SCVs undergo centrifugal movement to the cell periphery at 24 h post infection and undergo cell‐to‐cell transfer to infect neighbouring cells, and that both phenotypes require kinesin‐1 activity. Here we demonstrate that Arl8B is required for migration of the SCV to the cell periphery 24 h after infection and for cell‐to‐cell transfer of bacteria to neighbouring cells. These results reveal a novel host factor co‐opted by S. Typhimurium to manipulate the host endocytic pathway and to promote the spread of infection within a host.
Intracapsular Tonsillectomy for Keratosis Pharyngeous: A Pilot Study of Postoperative Recovery and Surgical Efficacy

Our objective was to perform a pilot study comparing intracapsular radiofrequency ablation tonsillectomy with subcapsular tonsillectomy in adult patients with keratosis pharyngeous. Patients diagnosed with keratosis pharyngeous between December 2010 and February 2013 were randomized to undergo either intracapsular or subcapsular tonsillectomy using radiofrequency ablation. Postoperative pain scores and amount of pain medication taken were recorded for 2 weeks. A 6-month follow-up questionnaire was used to assess efficacy of the procedure. Twenty-two patients completed the initial 2-week questionnaire. Eighteen completed the 6-month follow-up questionnaire. The amount of pain medication consumed on postoperative days 8 (p = 0.0293), 9 (p = 0.0146), and 10 (p = 0.035) was significantly less in the intracapsular group. Risk of recurrence of tonsilloliths was significantly greater at the 6-month follow-up in the intracapsular cohort (p = 0.0291). Based on these findings, in patients undergoing tonsillectomy for keratosis pharyngeous, intracapsular radiofrequency ablation tonsillectomy may result in decreased pain medication consumption compared with subcapsular tonsillectomy. Intracapsular tonsillectomy, however, resulted in a higher rate of recurrence of tonsilloliths. The benefit of decreased pain medication may be offset by the greater likelihood for symptoms to recur. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.