Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decoherence control in different environments

We investigate two techniques for controlling decoherence, focusing on the crucial role played by the environmental spectrum. We show how environments with different spectra lead to very different dynamical behaviors. Our study clearly proves that such differences must be taken into account when designing decoherence control schemes. The two techniques we consider are reservoir engineering and quantum Zeno control. We focus on a quantum harmonic oscillator initially prepared in a nonclassical state and derive analytically its non-Markovian dynamics in the presence of different bosonic thermal environments. On the one hand, we show how, by modifying the spectrum of the environment, it is possible to prolong or reduce the life of a Schr\"odinger cat state. On the other hand, we study the effect of nonselective energy measurements on the degradation of quantumness of initial Fock states. In this latter case, we see that the crossover between quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects, discussed by Maniscalco et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 130402 (2006)], is highly sensitive to the details of the spectrum. In particular, for certain types of spectra, even very small variations of the system frequency may cause a measurement-induced acceleration of decoherence rather than its inhibition.
FACE DETECTION USING THE VIOLA JONES METHOD WITH SEGMENTATION OF SKIN COLOR ON FACE IMAGES

Face detection is a step used to look for faces in an image. The process of finding faces in this study uses the Viola-Jones method that detects faces in the color segmentation images. Skin color segmentation is used to remove information in images that have no potential as a face. Reducing unnecessary information on the image can improve the performance of face detection. One area that has potential as a face on the human body is skin color. Based on the test results with single face image data, the values of recall and precision were 94.11% and 99.83% and the accuracy of detection accuracy using Intersection over Union was 0.6963 with 6.14% faster processing time than the Viola-Jones only.
A multi-wavelength view of AB Doradus outer atmosphere - Simultaneous X-ray and optical spectroscopy at high cadence

Aims. We study the chromosphere and corona of the ultra-fast rotator AB Dor A at high temporal and spectral resolution using simultaneous observations with XMM-Newton in the X-rays, VLT/UVES in the optical, and the ATCA in the radio. Our optical spectra have a resolving power of ∼50000 with a time cadence of ∼1 min. Our observations continuously cover more than one rotational period and include both quiescent periods and three flaring events of different strengths. Methods. From the X-ray observations we investigated the variations in coronal temperature, emission measure, densities, and abundance. We interpreted our data in terms of a loop model. From the optical data we characterised the flaring chromospheric material using numerous emission lines that appear in the course of the flares. A detailed analysis of the line shapes and line centres allowed us to infer physical characteristics of the flaring chromosphere and to coarsely localise the flare event on the star. Results. We specifically used the optical high-cadence spectra to demonstrate that both turbulent and Stark broadening are present during the first ten minutes of the first flare. Also, in the first few minutes of this flare, we find short-lived (one to several minutes) emission subcomponents in the Hα and Ca ii K lines, which we interpret as flare-connected shocks owing to their high intrinsic velocities. Combining the space-based data with the results of our optical spectroscopy, we derive flare-filling factors. Finally, comparing X-ray, optical broadband, and line emission, we find a correlation for two of the three flaring events, while there is no clear correlation for one event. Also, we do not find any correlation of the radio data to any other observed data.
SEARCH FOR SPATIALLY EXTENDED FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SOURCES USING TWO YEARS OF DATA

Spatial extension is an important characteristic for correctly associating γ-ray-emitting sources with their counterparts at other wavelengths and for obtaining an unbiased model of their spectra. We present a new method for quantifying the spatial extension of sources detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT), the primary science instrument on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi). We perform a series of Monte Carlo simulations to validate this tool and calculate the LAT threshold for detecting the spatial extension of sources. We then test all sources in the second Fermi-LAT catalog for extension. We report the detection of seven new spatially extended sources.
Determining Tree Biomass and Soil Carbon Stock Potential of Selected Sites of Munesa Forest, Western Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, South-Eastern Ethiopia

- The study was undertaken to estimate carbon stocks in Munesa forest. The aim of the study was to estimate the carbon stock potential of Munesa forest for selected sites and indicating its contribution to climate change mitigation. A total of 63 nested sample plots of 20m x 20m were laid systematically representing 35 plots for natural and 28 plots for plantation forests respectively. Within larger square plots, five (1m x 1m each) sub-plots in the four corners and one at the center were established for Litter, Herbs and Grasses and soil collection. Soils samples were collected from 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depths. Above ground biomass was estimated by using allometric model equation using non-destructive method. But, belowground biomass was determined based on the ratio of below ground biomass to above ground biomass factors. The results of this study showed that the average carbon stock of the natural forest was 195.34, 50.79, 1.56 and 325.97 t.ha-1 for above ground biomass, below ground biomass, litter, herbs and grasses and soil organic carbon respectively. Similarly, the mean carbon stock recorded in aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, litter, herbs and grasses and soil organic carbon for plantation forest was 111.07, 28.88, 1.38 and 273.11 t.ha-1 respectively. The total carbon stock recorded was 573.66 and 414.44 t.ha-1 for natural and plantation forests respectively. Finally, this study has shown that Munesa forest ecosystem should be given conservation priority to benefit from carbon financing opportunities.
MANAGERIAL INCENTIVES , OVERCONFIDENCE , RISK-TAKING , AND ACQUIRER SHAREHOLDER VALUE CREATION IN MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

This paper provides empirical evidence of strong relations among managerial incentives, risk-taking, and acquirer post-acquisition performance. Our analyses suggest that two primary measures of managerial incentives, the sensitivity of CEO wealth to stock price (Delta) and the sensitivity of CEO wealth to stock return volatility (Vega), affect managerial risk-taking propensity and acquirer acquisition performance differently. Generally, increase in Vega is associated with enhancement in acquirer shareholder value while increase Delta is related to reduction in shareholder value. Since Vega is solely related to stock option compensation while Delta originates mainly from restricted stock grant, these empirical results are consistent with the theoretical discussion of Lambert and Larcker (2004) that restricted stock grant is generally not the optimal contract form, and that stock option compensation possesses both efficiency and incentive advantage. In the analysis of acquisition-related risk change, our regression analyses support the hypotheses that increase in risk change is associated with increase in Vega while decrease in risk change is related to increase in Delta. However, even though increase in Vega is associated with increased risk due to acquisition and is directly related to acquirer post-acquisition performance, this impact does not vary with different levels of risk change. Similarly, the impact of Delta seems invariant to the level of risk change. Our analysis of managerial behavioral bias, overconfidence, is consistent with the hypothesis that managerial overconfidence provides an alternative solution to the underinvestment problem caused by managerial risk aversion. In addition to ordinary least squares regression, we employ simultaneous equations modelling to account for the endogeneity among managerial incentives, risk, and performance. To our best knowledge, our study is among the first to use the simultaneous equations model in investigating the impact of managerial incentives on shareholder value in the context of mergers and acquisitions.
British Journal of General Practice Precision public health intervention for care coordination: A real world study

Background: Health emergencies disproportionally affect vulnerable populations. Digital tools can help primary care providers find and reach the right patients. Aim: This study evaluated whether digital interventions delivered directly to general practitioners’ (GPs) clinical software are more effective than postal delivery interventions in promoting primary care appointments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design and setting: Real world, non-randomised, interventional study involving outpatient clinics in all Australian states. Methods: We developed intervention material to promote care coordination for vulnerable older veterans during COVID-19 which was delivered to GPs either digitally via direct delivery to the clinical practice software system or via postal delivery. The intervention material delivered included patient specific information to general practitioners to support care coordination, and education material was also delivered via post to the veterans, identified in the administrative claims database. To evaluate the impact of intervention delivery modalities on outcomes the time to first appointment with the primary GP was measured using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for differences prior to the intervention in the health contact rates between the digital and postal health care providers. Results: The intervention took place in April 2020, during the first weeks of COVID-19 social distancing rules in Australia. GPs received digital messaging for 51,052 veterans and postal messaging for 26,859 veterans. Being in the digital group was associated with earlier appointments (Adjusted hazard ratio: 1.38 (1.35, 1.4)). Conclusion: Data-driven digital solutions can promote care coordination at scale during national emergencies, opening up new perspectives for precision public health initiatives.
Gaussian Processes for Prediction of Metabolite Concentration in Time Series

Metabolomics is the study of metabolites which underpin life. These metabolites can act as indicators of the physiological state of the human body based on their concentrations and give insight into potential disease diagnosis, as diﬀerent diseases can be characterized by the abundance or deﬁciency of metabolites, such as prostate cancer and acute ischemic stroke. Biological data, by nature, is messy and noisy, and often requires heavy pre-processing and complex learning machine learning algorithms to map inputs to outputs using unknown functions. Gaussian processes (GP) are a form of non-parametric Bayesian machine learning which construct a prior distribution over the space of functions. GPs can be used for a multitude of diﬀerent tasks and are a great tool for modelling unknown functions and noisy data such as biological data. In this project we look at GP regression as a way to predict metabolite concentrations given a rate of change from its reaction. This would open up the possibility, in a clinical environment such as a doctors oﬃce, to test patients for a variety of diseases based on the concentration of a given metabolite. Samadhan et al. have developed a complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based device to measure concentrations of metabolites in serum, buﬀer and urine. The data from this research is used in this project. We ﬁrst introduce GPs and the relevant mathematical background. We then develop two algorithms for data pre-processing speciﬁc to the dataset: (1) an algorithm to classify experimental pixels with metabolites from the CMOS-based device; and (2), an online algorithm to identify a metabolites reaction start over time. Lastly, we create GP regression models using the pre-processed data for prediction of metabolite concentration.
Linguistic Critics and Ethics on the Glossary of Modern Dictionaries Patterns and Lexicographic Description

Purpose: How the lexicons in Korean classical manuscript novels can be lexicon-historically utilized and how often they appears in the Korean classical manuscript novels. The lexicon vocabularies for ethics studies had get ready for the macro-structure, and headwords which complementary elements from micro-structure of texts, technique, sociolinguistic information. Dictionary Information was needed to short and clear, scientific, efficient, dimensional, systematic organization, it is the key to open the global possibility of lexicon studies. Method: That gathering in neologism 405 words, distinguished from 229 words related to covid-19. Comment corpus appeared to frequently were pneumonia, corona, variant of concern, booster shot, revenge spending, vaccination politics, quarantine politics. In order to discover an outstanding speaker, it is necessary to have nuanced understanding on a narrative field. T he researcher’s questions and requests, the informer talks about the tale, linguistic aspects lexicon geographical map would displayed with political administrative units such as dialect language which show to with the division of administrative system. Results: We arrange to share information which gave to morphology, grammar, semantics interaction setting up that have unity in the process which the manuscript of contemporary Korean linguistics becomes a dictionary and the lexicographic significance of this Manuscript. Results show that comment data prove invaluable for lexicographic description of neologisms, although experts need to decide to what extent the politically incorrectness of commenters’ language may be used in dictionaries. Conclusion: Standard words what the map based on the lexical items showed idioms phrases that there were a lot of old forms from which originate with time to time. Yet, another evidences which focusing on the lexical distribution, their poor assets provided them to that this present has been studied text linguistics. Focused with the Dictionaries of Literature Term, This study was conducted to review the problems that compilers realized in the process of arranging and defining literary terms during the Japanese colonial period and attempted to resolve.
Afﬁnity and Correlation in DNA

: A statistical analysis of important DNA sequences and related proteins has been performed to study the relationships between monomers, and some general considerations about these macromolecules can be provided from the results. First, the most important relationship between sites in all the DNA sequences examined is that between two consecutive base pairs. This is an indication of an energetic stabilization due to the stacking interaction of these couples of base pairs. Secondly, the difference between human chromosome sequences and their coding parts is relevant both in the relationships between sites and in some speciﬁc compositional rules, such as the second Chargaff rule. Third, the evidence of the relationship in two successive triplets of DNA coding sequences generates a relationship between two successive amino acids in the proteins. This is obviously impossible if all the relationships between the sites are statistical evidence and do not involve causes; therefore, in this article, due to stacking interactions and this relationship in coding sequences, we will divide the concept of the relationship between sites into two concepts: afﬁnity and correlation, the ﬁrst with physical causes and the second without. Finally, from the statistical analyses carried out, it will emerge that the human genome is uniform, with the only signiﬁcant exception being the Y chromosome.
Is the Cure Worse than the Disease? A Large-Scale Analysis of Overﬁtting in Automated Program Repair

Recent research in search-based automated program repair techniques has shown promise for reducing the signiﬁcant manual effort required for debugging. This paper addresses a deﬁcit of earlier evaluations of automated repair techniques caused by repairing programs and evaluating generated patches’ correctness using the same set of tests. Since tests are an imperfect metric of program correctness, evaluations of this type do not discriminate between correct patches, and patches that overﬁt the available tests and break untested but desired functionality. This paper evaluates two well-studied repair tools, GenProg and TSPRepair, on a 956-bug dataset, each with a human-written patch. By evaluating patches on tests independent from those used during repair, we ﬁnd that the tools are unlikely to improve the proportion of independent tests passed, and that the quality of the patches is proportional to the coverage of the test suite used during repair. For programs with fewer bugs, the tools are as likely to break tests as to ﬁx them . In addition to overﬁtting, we measure the effects of test suite coverage, test suite provenance, starting program quality, and the difference in quality between novice-developer-written and tool-generated patches when quality is assessed with an independent test suite from patch generation. We have released the 956-bug dataset to allow future evaluations of new repair tools.
A Multi-Transition HCN and HCO+ Study of 12 Nearby Active Galaxies: Active Galactic Nucleus versus Starburst Environments

Recent studies have indicated that the HCN-to-CO(J = 1–0) and HCO+-to-HCN(J = 1–0) ratios are significantly different between galaxies with AGN (active galactic nucleus) and SB (starburst) signatures. In order to study the molecular gas properties in active galaxies and search for differences between AGN and SB environments, we observed the HCN(J = 1–0), (J = 2–1), (J = 3–2), HCO+(J = 1–0), and HCO+(J = 3–2) emission with the IRAM 30 m in the center of 12 nearby active galaxies which either exhibit nuclear SB and/or AGN signatures. Consistent with previous results, we find a significant difference of the HCN(J = 2–1)-to-HCN(J = 1–0), HCN(J = 3–2)-to-HCN(J = 1–0), HCO+(J = 3–2)-to-HCO+(J = 1–0), and HCO+-to-HCN intensity ratios between the sources dominated by an AGN and those with an additional or pure central SB: the HCN, HCO+, and HCO+-to-HCN intensity ratios tend to be higher in the galaxies of our sample with a central SB as opposed to the pure AGN cases, which show rather low intensity ratios. Based on an LVG analysis of these data, i.e., assuming purely collisional excitation, the (average) molecular gas densities in the SB-dominated sources of our sample seem to be systematically higher than in the AGN sources. The LVG analysis seems to further support systematically higher HCN and/or lower HCO+ abundances as well as similar or higher gas temperatures in AGNs compared to the SB sources of our sample. In addition, we find that the HCN-to-CO ratios decrease with increasing rotational number J for the AGNs while they stay mostly constant for the SB sources.
High energy electron-positron physics

With the termination of the physics program at PETRA in a year from now, and with the start of TRISTAN and the SLC and later LEP, an era of e/sup +/e/sup -/ physics will come to an end and a new one begins. The field is changing from a field of a few specialists, to becoming one of the mainstream efforts of the high energy community. It seems appropriate at this moment to summarize what has been learned over the past years, in a way more useful to any high energy physicist in particular to newcomers in the e/sup +/e/sup -/ field. This is the purpose of the book. This book should be used as a reference for future workers in the field of e/sup +/e/sup -/ interactions. It includes the most relevant data, parametrizations, theoretical background, and a chapter on detectors. Contents: Foreword; Detectors for High Energy e/sup +/e/sup -/ Physics; Lepton Pair Production and Electroweak Parameters; Hadron Production, Strong and Electroweak Properties; tau Physics; Recent Results on the Charm Sector; Bottom Physics; Lifetime Measurements of tau, Charmed and Beauty Hadrons; UPSILON Spectroscopy; Hadronic Decays of the UPSILON; Quark and Gluon Fragmentation in the e/sup +/e/sup -/ Continuum; Jetmore » Production and QCD; Two Photon Physics; Search for New Particles. « less
From selling machinery to hybrid offerings – organizational impact of digital servitization on manufacturing firms

The transition towards services has been imperative for manufacturing firms for years. The change from a product-oriented to a more service-dominant business model affects the organizational structure of firms. However, literature provides limited insights into how manufacturing firms organize themselves in this transition. Even though digital technologies are critical for the transition, it is unclear how to orchestrate digital and traditional Information Technology (IT) resources in manufacturing firms accordingly. We analyze the case of a typical manufacturing firm that has adjusted its structure to reorganize for solution offerings based on product, service, and digital components. Our results describe a hybrid organizational structure that splits front- and back-end units. The back-end units are split along solution components. Digital IT resources are internalized and governed decentrally, with traditional IT resources being outsourced and steered centrally. Our findings contribute to digital servitization research by clarifying the overarching as well as the digital and traditional IT-related organization for manufacturing firms.
Nanotechnology and Treatment of Covid-19 Journal of Nanosciences Research & Reports

Nanotechnology has indeed fulfill many roles in many fields in contemporary science, such as electronic and IT applications, medical and health care applications, including COVID-19, Energy applications, environmental remediation, nanocomposites, herbal nano-particles. Research in this field needs to further proliferate, because of the novel properties of nano-based materials. Nanotechnology, will continue to solve many technologically driven process in contemporary science. It remains the vision of contemporary nanotechnologist to proliferate this research to other dimensions such as finding a cure for COVID-19. Nanotechnology/nanoparticles is the way forward to neutralize and eradicate SARS-COV-2 virus. Nanoparticles are of the same dimension as the SARS-COV-2 virus and thus this will promote effective interaction with the virus. Research in this area is continually increasing. In addition, a relatively large number of nanomolecules can be in effective contact with the virus of nanodimensions. Of greater significance, the use of plant extracts in synthesis of plant based nanoparticles to eradicate the viruses because of their easier synthesis, environmentally friendly nature and superior nature, as selective plants possess antiviral activities on their own.