Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The LMJ program: An overview

The Megajoule laser Program (LMJ) is one of the most important parts of the French Simulation Program. The LMJ is designed to deliver about 1.8 MJ of ultraviolet light for high energy density science. It is designed so that fusion can be achieved with it. The first experiments are to be carried out at the end of 2014. Achieving fusion with LMJ requires a coordinated program associating the facility itself, as well as optimized fusion targets, plasma diagnostics, and simulation tools. This paper presents an update about this overall program.
Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era

Artificial Intelligence helps choose what books you buy, what movies you see, and even who you date. It puts the smart in your smartphone and soonit will drive your car. It makes most of the trades on Wall Street, and controls vital energy, water, and transportation infrastructure. But Artificial Intelligence can also threaten our existence. In as little as a decade, AI could match and then surpass human intelligence. Corporations and government agencies are pouring billions into achieving AIs Holy Grailhuman-level intelligence. Once AI has attained it, scientists argue, it will have survival drives much like our own. We may be forced to compete with a rival more cunning, more powerful, and more alien than we can imagine. Through profiles of tech visionaries, industry watchdogs, and groundbreaking AI systems, Our Final Invention explores the perils of the heedless pursuit of advanced AI. Until now, human intelligence has had no rival. Can we coexist with beings whose intelligence dwarfs our own? And will they allow us to?
Inferring Destinations and Activity Types of Older Adults From GPS Data: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Outdoor mobility is an important aspect of older adults’ functional status. GPS has been used to create indicators reflecting the spatiotemporal dimensions of outdoor mobility for applications in health and aging. However, outdoor mobility is a multidimensional construct. There is, as of yet, no classification algorithm that groups and characterizes older adults’ outdoor mobility based on its semantic aspects (ie, mobility intentions and motivations) by integrating geographic and domain knowledge. OBJECTIVE This study assesses the feasibility of using GPS to determine semantic dimensions of older adults’ outdoor mobility, including destinations and activity types. METHODS A total of 5 healthy individuals, aged 65 years or older, carried a GPS device when traveling outside their homes for 4 weeks. The participants were also given a travel diary to record details of all excursions from their homes, including date, time, and destination information. We first designed and implemented an algorithm to extract destinations and infer activity types (eg, food, shopping, and sport) from the GPS data. We then evaluated the performance of the GPS-derived destination and activity information against the traditional diary method. RESULTS Our results detected the stop locations of older adults from their GPS data with an F1 score of 87%. On average, the extracted home locations were within a 40.18-meter (SD 1.18) distance of the actual home locations. For the activity-inference algorithm, our results reached an F1 score of 86% for all participants, suggesting a reasonable accuracy against the travel diary recordings. Our results also suggest that the activity inference’s accuracy measure differed by neighborhood characteristics (ie, Walk Score). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that GPS technology is accurate for determining semantic dimensions of outdoor mobility. However, further improvements may be needed to develop a robust application of this system that can be adopted in clinical practice.
Effect of decoupling capacitor on signal integrity in applications with reference plane change

A study of the resonance phenomenon between power and ground planes is presented, focusing on the signal integrity due to a change in reference plane for multi-layer PCBs. The resonance characteristic is inherent in electronic packages that use solid power and ground planes because a pair of powdground planes behaves like a resonant cavity with induced currents from signal transitions or switching noise. This resonance degrades the signal integrity at the resonant mode frequencies, depending on the location of the reference change location, and introduces jitter to the digital signal, depending on the clock frequency. It has been observed that the use of decoupling capacitors does not improve the signal integrity but instead generates additional resonance attributed to parallel resonance between capacitors and the power/ground pair.
Planning and Managing the “Cost of Compromise” for AV Retention and Access

Long term retention and access to AV assets as part of a preservation strategy inevitably involves some form of compromise in order to achieve acceptable levels of cost, throughput, quality and many other parameters. Examples include: quality control and throughput in media transfer chains; data safety and accessibility in digital storage systems; and service levels for ingest and access for archive functions delivered as services. We present new software tools and frameworks developed in the PrestoPRIME project that allow these compromises to be quantitatively assessed, planned and managed for file-based AV assets. Our focus is how to give an archive an assurance that when they design and operate a preservation strategy as a set of services that it will function as expected and can cope with the inevitable and often unpredictable variations that will happen in operation. This includes being able to do cost projections, sensitivity analysis, simulation of 'disaster scenarios’, and to govern preservation services using Service Level Agreements and policies.
A novel prototyping method for die-level monolithic integration of MEMS above-IC

This work presents a convenient and versatile prototyping method for integrating surface-micromachined microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) directly above IC electronics, at the die level. Such localized implementation helps reduce development costs associated with the acquisition of full-sized semiconductor wafers. To demonstrate the validity of this method, variants of an IC-compatible surface-micromachining MEMS process are used to build different MEMS devices above a commercial transimpedance amplifier chip. Subsequent functional assessments for both the electronics and the MEMS indicate that the integration is successful, validating the prototyping methodology presented in this work, as well as the suitability of the selected MEMS technology for above-IC integration.
Intelligent and Hybrid Control Method of a 3-DOF Robot Used for Hip, Knee and  Ankle Rehabilitation

Background: There is an increasing trend in using robots for medical purposes. One specific area is rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is one of the non-drug treatments in community health which means the restoration of the abilities to maximize independence. It is a prolonged work and costly labor. On the other hand, by using the flexible and efficient robots in rehabilitation area, this process will be more useful for handicapped patients.Methods: In this study, a rule-based intelligent control methodology is proposed to mimic the behavior of a healthy limb in a satisfactory way by a 3-DOF planar robot. Inverse kinematic of the planar robot will be solved by neural networks and control parameters will be optimized by genetic algorithm, as rehabilitation progress.Results: The results of simulations are presented by defining a physiotherapy simple mode on desired trajectory. MATLAB/Simulink is used for simulations. The system is capable of learning the action of the physiotherapist for each patient and imitating this behaviour in the absence of a physiotherapist that can be called robotherapy.Conclusions: In this study, a therapeutic exercise planar 2-DOF robot is designed and controlled for lower-limb rehabilitation. The robot manipulator is controlled by combination of hybrid and adaptive controls. Some safety factors and stability constraints are defined and obtained. The robot is stopped when the safety factors are not satisfied. Kinematics of robot is estimated by an MLP neural network and proper control parameters are achieved using GA optimization
Baseline wander removal of ECG signals using Hilbert vibration decomposition

A technique to remove baseline wander (BW) from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals based on the Hilbert vibration decomposition (HVD) technique is presented. It is proposed that the first component (highest energy component) obtained using the HVD of the ECG signal corresponds to the BW signal in it. The proposed technique is compared with the baseline removal method based on the empirical mode decomposition technique and mathematical morphology in terms of the correlation criterion and signal-to-noise ratio. The simulations were performed using artificial BWs of different amplitudes added in the ECG recordings and it is seen that the proposed technique for BW removal performs better in most of the cases of severe baseline wander distortions.
Compact ultra‐wideband monopole antenna with enhanced bandwidth and dual band‐stop properties

In this manuscript, a new design of ultra‐wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with dual band‐stop performance is proposed. The configuration of the antenna consists of a pair of coupled U‐ring structures as a radiating patch, and a modified ground plane with inverted T‐shaped strip and a pair of T‐shaped conductor‐backed plane. In the presented structure, by using an inverted T‐shaped strip and also by embedding a pair of T‐shaped parasitic structures in the ground plane, additional resonances at the higher band are excited which provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 135%. In order to generate single and dual band‐notched characteristics, we convert the square radiating to the pair of coupled U‐ring structures. The measured results reveal that the presented dual band‐notched monopole antenna design exhibits an operating bandwidth (VSWR < 2) form 2.81 GHz to 15.12 GHz with two notched bands, covering the 5.2/5.8 GHz, 3.5/5.5 GHz, 4 GHz to suppress interferences from wireless local area network (WLAN), worldwide interoperability microwave access (WiMAX), and C‐band systems, respectively. Good return loss, antenna gain, and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency band of interest. The configuration of the proposed monopole antenna is simple, easy to fabricate, and can be integrated into any UWB system. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:346–357, 2015.
Wireless sensor networks for traffic management and road safety

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) employ self-powered sensing devices that are mutually interconnected through wireless ad-hoc technologies. This study illustrates the basics of WSN-based traffic monitoring and summarises the possible benefits in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) applications for the improvement of quality and safety of mobility. Compared with conventional infrastructure-based monitoring systems, this technology facilitates a denser deployment of sensors along the road, resulting in a higher spatial resolution of traffic parameter sampling. An experimental data analysis reported in this study shows how the high spatial resolution can enhance the reliability of traffic modelling as well as the accuracy of short-term traffic state prediction. The analysis uses the data published by the freeway performance measurement system of the University of California-Berkeley and the California Department of Transportation. A microscopic cellular automata model is used to estimate traffic flow and occupancy over time on a road segment in which a relevant traffic-flow anomaly is detected. The analysis shows that the estimate accuracy improves for increasing number of active sensors, as feasible in the case of WSN-based monitoring systems.
Flatness Based Control of a Suspension System: A GPI Observer Approach

Abstract We propose a robust, flatness based, approach for active regulation of a railway vehicle suspension system externally perturbed by track irregularities. A simplified perturbed input–to–flat–output model for the vehicle model, which is differentially flat, is established. The observer-based control scheme uses the simplified model considering all the additive state-dependent terms and the influence of external disturbance inputs, as a single lumped unknown but bounded disturbance signal. The proposed GPI observer simultaneously estimates the required flat output associated phase variables allowing to complete the linear feedback loop via on-line disturbance cancellation. Simulations reveal the effectiveness of the approach.
Adaptive predictive control for electric furnace

This paper shows adaptive control using RHPC (receding horizon predictive control) with an equality constraint which is applied to an electric furnace. Monotonic weighting and prefiltering are introduced, which improve the closed-loop characteristic of the RHPC system. These methods are effective even if the system has the uncertainty (unmodelled dynamics) which often occurs in real processes. We can observe the performance of RHPC through the experiment of the electric furnace. Also, we confirm the practical aspect of RHPC in the experiment of the electric furnace with unmodelled dynamics. This paper shows the actual control performance of RHPC, verifying it for a real process.
Status for the good guys: An experiment on charitable giving

We study the social status motive in an experiment at an art‐house cinema in Germany where movie‐goers can make monetary contributions to help the cinema become climate neutral. Our key result is that offering high contributors a “social status gift” that displays their good deed increases both the likelihood of a high contribution and mean contributions. It performs significantly better than previously studied mechanisms, such as the removal of anonymity, the provision of a reference point, or a neutral thank‐you gift, and it also performs better than offering high contributors publicity through social media.
Integrated terahertz transmitters and receivers

Through a US Army sponsored SBIR project we are developing terahertz components based on integrated GaAs Schottky diodes for the frequency range from 200 - 700 GHz. These new components are inherently broadband and therefore require no mechanical tuners. Rather, they can be electronically swept across significant frequency bands and are therefore useful for chemical and biological spectroscopy. This talk will focus on our demonstration of a terahertz frequency Transmit / Receive capability which may be of use for CB detection and secure communications.
Tunable wavelength-selection switch and multiplexer/demultiplexer based on asymmetric silica-on-silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometer

Wavelength multi/demultiplexers with 1 nm spacing have been realised with an asymmetric 2/spl times/2 Mach-Zehnder interferometer in silica-on-silicon. Heating one arm of the interferometer allows for wavelength tuning or wavelength switching of the outputs. Switching or tuning over 1 nm is achieved with only 95 mW within rise and fall times added to of 150 and 220 /spl mu/s, respectively. Tuning and switching can be separated, as temperature changes in the substrate also result in wavelength shifts.
Indoor radio WLAN performance in multimedia communications

This paper deals with multimedia communications over WLAN. An experimental study is described with the main focus on optimisation of indoor radio propagation models and its application to broadband multimedia streaming performance. The results show that improved accuracy of existing indoor radio models is achieved through parameter optimisation based on experimental on-site measurements. A minimum threshold for the received power of the radio signal is found as a limit for achieving acceptable QoS.
A Review on Calibration Factors in Empirical Software Cost Estimation (SCE) Models

Software cost estimation (SCE) is a vigorous research area in the software engineering community. SCE is a process of estimating the cost of software in terms of size, time, complexity and other resources required to develop the software projects. There are various modeling technique proposed to make estimation of the cost of software projects for the last several years. Empirical cost estimation of the software development is both vitally important and severely flawed. The main reason for this problem is imprecise estimation of software projects. The key objective of this paper is to analyze calibration factors in empirical SCE modeling techniques by comparative study and willing to put forward some valuable aspects to select appropriate model in suitable approach of software project development in future.
Error-Correction Methods for Construction Site Image Processing under Changing Illumination Conditions

AbstractImage processing is an effective tool for automated monitoring of construction projects. For the last decade, it has gained increasing acceptance in its application to progress monitoring, productivity analyses, and quality assurance. However, a notable downside exists in image processing, especially in outdoor applications such as construction project monitoring: image quality is heavily affected by ambient lighting conditions. Poor or undesirable lighting conditions produce substandard quality images, which generally lead to a high level of errors in the related image processing for information extraction. This paper presents error-correction methods that can improve the image processing results for construction progress monitoring in the postprocessing stage. The methods are applied in the postprocessing stage. The key idea behind the error-correction methods is the concept of priority to classify input images and project information into several categories based on data reliability and intelli.
Why do clinicians overtest? A narrative review and workshop group discussion exploring influences on clinician overtesting as possible causes of overdiagnosis

Background: Screening and diagnostic tests provide important information to guide clinical management. Overtesting however may cause harm to patients and the healthcare system, including through overdiagnosis. Clinicians are ultimately responsible for test requests, and therefore are ideally positioned to prevent overtesting and overdiagnosis. Through this narrative literature review followed by group discussion at a conference workshop (Preventing Overdiagnosis Conference [PODC], Sydney, 2019), we aimed to identify and categorise factors that influence clinicians to request potentially unnecessary screening and diagnostic tests that could result in overdiagnosis.Methods: Articles exploring factors affecting clinician test ordering behaviour were identified through a systematic search of MedLine in April 2019, forward and backward citation searches and content experts. Two authors screened abstract titles and abstracts, and two authors screened full text for inclusion. Identified factors were categorised into a preliminary framework which was subsequently presented at the PODC for iterative development.Results: The MedLine search yielded 542 articles; 55 were included. Another 10 articles identified by forward-backward citation and content experts were included, resulting in 65 articles in total. Following small group discussion with workshop participants, a revised thematic framework of factors was developed: ● “Interpersonal” – pressure from colleagues and medical culture; pressure from patients and doctor-patient relationship● “Contextual” – clinician knowledge and understanding; cognitive biases and experiences; contemporary medical practice and new technology● “Environmental or workplace” – guidelines, protocols and policies; financial incentives; time constraints, physical vulnerabilities and language barriers; pre-emptive testing to facilitate subsequent care; availability, ownership and ease of access to tests● “Intrapersonal” – fear of malpractice and litigation; intolerance of uncertainty and risk aversion; sense of medical obligation Conclusion: Through this thematic framework, clinicians can become more aware of their test ordering behaviour and feel empowered to limit overtesting and overdiagnosis. This framework may also guide the development of a scale assessing clinician knowledge, attitudes and practices around overtesting and overdiagnosis, to facilitate measurement of the effects of clinician-targeted interventions to prevent overdiagnosis.
Luminescence-Based Optical Fiber Chemical Sensors

Abstract A scheme for the simultaneous determination of temperature and analyte concentration for application in luminescence-based chemical sensors is proposed. This scheme is applied to an optical oxygen sensor, which is based on the quenching of the fluorescence of a ruthenium complex. Temperature measurement is performed using the excitation radiation and an absorption long-pass filter. Preliminary results are presented that show the viability of an oxygen measurement that is independent of temperature and optical power level. The possibility of self-referenced temperature measurements with semiconductor nanoparticles is also investigated. In order to optimize the sensor design, several different optical fiber probe geometries for oxygen sensing are tested and compared, including different methods of coupling radiation into the optical fiber system. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylamide membranes are tested as supports for sensor immobilization in fiber-optical pH sensing devices in aqueous solution. Some results are presented that show the feasibility of using fiber-optical pH indicators for remote monitoring.
Analysis, design and implementation of fuzzy logic controlled quasi-resonant zero-current switching switched-capacitor bidirectional converter

The proposed fuzzy logic controlled (FLC) system can be considered as a soft switching technique that substantially reduces the switching loss and hence attains higher efficiency by the switching capacitor converter. The proposed frequency modulation FLC quasi-resonant zero-current switching switched-capacitor (SC) converter is a new type of bidirectional power flow control conversion scheme. This device provides voltage conversion ratios from double-mode against half-mode to n-mode against 1/n-mode by adding a different number of SCs and power semiconductor switches with a small series-connected resonant inductor for forward and reverse schemes. The state-space modelling and analysis for the designed FLC take advantage of cybernetics theory. The dynamic simulation and experiments for the proposed FLC for the studied converters are used to demonstrate the validity of the constructed model under different energy conversion topologies and load conditions.
Analisis Wacana

The fact of the analysis of discourse according to Poerwadarminta (in Bayardi, 2002:1), discourse is reviewed from the suggestion Vacana ' recitation ' in Sanskrit. Then Vacana entered into the old Javanese language and the new Javanese language became the discourse and the discourse ' speech and speech ', then absorbed into the Indonesian language into a discourse of ' speech or conversation '. So that the discourse is a word or utterance, say or speech. Speech in both oral and written form.