Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ALL-SKY GEOS RR Lyr SURVEY WITH THE TAROT TELESCOPES: ANALYSIS OF THE BLAZHKO EFFECT

We used the GEOS database to study the Blazhko effect of galactic RRab stars. The database is continuously enriched by maxima supplied by amateur astronomers and by a dedicated survey by means of the two TAROT robotic telescopes. The same value of the Blazhko period is observed at different values of the pulsation periods and different values of the Blazhko periods are observed at the same value of the pulsation period. There are clues suggesting that the Blazhko effect is changing from one cycle to the next. The secular changes in the pulsation and Blazhko periods of Z CVn are anticorrelated. The diagrams of magnitudes against phases of the maxima clearly show that the light curves of Blazhko variables can be explained as modulated signals, both in amplitude and in frequency. The closed curves describing the Blazhko cycles in such diagrams have different shapes, reflecting the phase shifts between the epochs of the brightest maximum and the maximum O − C. Our sample shows that both clockwise and counterclockwise directions are possible for similar shapes. The improved observational knowledge of the Blazhko effect, in addition to some peculiarities of the light curves, has yet to be explained by a satisfactory physical mechanism.
Dar ve Geniş Hız Kesici Tümsekler Arasındaki Farkların Hız Azaltma Performansları Açısından Tespiti

The study was evaluated speed control undulations (SCUs), as one of the crucial speed management tools in urban areas, performance in reducing passenger car speeds. The evaluations investigated two narrow-type SCU (Bump) and two wide-type SCU (Hump) with 5 cm and 10 cm height. The performance of SCUs in reducing vehicle speeds has been examined by reading speed values from video records. Vehicle speeds have been determined at a distance from the SCUs that does not affect the speed of the drivers (approx. 125-150 m) and also at a distance of -60 m, -40 m, -20 m, 0 m (passing over), +20 m, +40 m and +60 m according to the SCU. All speed measurements were made in two different traffic flow regimes, free flow (FF) and oversaturated flow (OSF). Between the measured vehicle speeds and speed reduction rates, statistical evaluations were made for each SCU at different measurement points and the exact measurement points between different SCUs. It has been determined that the 10 cm high hump would be the right choice for reducing vehicle speeds.
Degenerate Stokes Geometry and Some Geometric Structure Underlying a Virtual Turning Point (Algebraic Analysis and the Exact WKB Analysis for Systems of Differential Equations)

The Stokes geometry associated with a higher order linear differential equation is quite different from that of the second order equation. Ordinary turning points are not enough to describe the complete Stokes geometry, and a new object should appear in the geometry, that is a “virtual turning point” ([BNR], [AKT1]). Although such a point is essential and indispensable for the description of the Stokes geometry, some difficulties are involved. One of the difficulties is that too many virtual turning points appear, and hence the Stokes geometry becomes formidably complicated if we will draw all new Stokes curves, i.e. a Stokes curve emanates from a virtual turning point (see Fig. 1). Fortunately, almost all portions of a new Stokes curve are apparent, in the sense that on such portions Stokes phenomena never occur. To distinguish an apparent portion of a Stokes curve, we draw it by a dotted line instead of a solid one, or even more drastically, we omit a Stokes curve whose entire portion is a dotted line, that makes the Stokes geometry understandable with the naked eye (see Fig. 2). Now the following question naturally arises for the description of the Stokes geometry:
Mitigation of negative impacts of cadmium stress on physiological parameters of curly lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Crispa) by proline treatments

This study was conducted on a variety of lettuce curly ( Lactuca sativa var . Crispa ) called Caipira. The purpose was to elucidate the effects of cadmium stress on the plant’s metabolic processes, response to cadmium stress and adaptation mechanisms developed against cadmium stress with the use of proline treatments. Hydroponic experiments were conducted in a climate chamber supplied with a controlled atmosphere (15 ± 2°C 13 h dark, 22 ± 2°C 11 h light and 70% relative humidity). When the seedlings formed new roots and had 4-5 leaves, initially 5 mM, 10 mM, 15 mM proline solutions were sprayed on the leaves of a group of seedlings 4 days be- fore applying cadmium stress, then the plants were exposed to 40 ppm cadmium. The other group was sprayed with 5 mM, 10 mM, 15 mM proline solutions just before applying cadmium stress. Yet another group of plants was subjected only to cadmium stress without proline treatments. Therefore, 8 different treatments were tested: Control (0 ppm cadmium), only cadmium (40 ppm), proline (5 mM, 10 mM, 15 mM) 4 days before the stress + cadmium, proline (5 mM, 10 mM, 15 mM) + cadmium stress together. The present findings revealed that 5 mM proline dose was relatively effective in mitigation of negative effects of Cd stress on plant physiological and metabolic processes. Proline treatments at this dose were found to be effective in alleviating the negative effects of Cd stress on growth parameters of curly lettuce plants. It was also concluded that such effects of external proline treatments varied with the treatment dose and timing.
Particle image velocimetry measurements of the flow structures induced by the free-falling spin flight of maple seeds

Most measurements of flow field caused by a rotating maple seed were performed in a vertical wind tunnel limited to fixing the vertical axis to simulate the stable falling spin period. In the nature, however, the free-falling motion of maple seeds induces airflow, which makes the seeds spin and generates lift to reduce falling speed. In this study, the flow structures around free-falling Japanese maple seeds in spin are measured using particle image velocimetry. In general, the free-falling spin flight of a seed is divided into three stages: transition period I, transition period II, and the stable period. In transition period II, it can be observed that the sizes of wingtip and root vortices increase with decreasing coning angle of the seed wing and result in an increase in seed rotation speed and decrease in free-falling speed. We also find that the flow structures induced by the free-falling motion of the maple seed in the stable period are different from those that suspend the rotation seed in a vertical wind tunnel. The leading-edge vortex (LEV) and trailing-edge vortex (TEV) are observed above the front of the leading edge and at the top back of the trailing edge, respectively. The position of the LEV core is located above the front of the leading edge, and it gradually approaches the leading edge of the seed along the spanwise direction, toward the wing tip. As the seed enters the stable period, the root vortex shrinks, and the tip vortex grows.
Recruiting for change: shifting focus to address a workforce crisis

ABSTRACT Policing in the United States is currently undergoing a serious workforce crisis. Drawing on Van Maanen’s police socialization theory, we suggest that police recruiting videos provide an opportunity for departments to send clear signals to recruits about their attitudes and values that will improve recruiting. We employ a randomized vignette survey design to test the effectiveness of recruiting videos. Our findings demonstrate that college students indicate a greater willingness to become a police officer when recruiting videos focus on police officers’ service to the community. This effect is particularly strong for students who indicate they desire to make a positive change in the world.
CNN-Based Broad Learning for Cross-Domain Emotion Classification

: Cross-domain emotion classiﬁcation aims to leverage useful information in a source domain to help predict emotion polarity in a target domain in a unsupervised or semi-supervised manner. Due to the domain discrepancy, an emotion classiﬁer trained on source domain may not work well on target domain. Many researchers have focused on traditional cross-domain sentiment classiﬁcation, which is coarse-grained emotion classiﬁcation. However, the problem of emotion classiﬁcation for cross-domain is rarely involved. In this paper, we propose a method, called convolutional neural network (CNN) based broad learning, for cross-domain emotion classiﬁcation by combining the strength of CNN and broad learning. We ﬁrst utilized CNN to extract domain-invariant and domain-speciﬁc features simultaneously, so as to train two more efﬁcient classiﬁers by employing broad learning. Then, to take advantage of these two classiﬁers, we designed a co-training model to boost together for them. Finally, we conducted comparative experiments on four datasets for verifying the effectiveness of our proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the performance of emotion classiﬁcation more effectively than those baseline methods.
A transformer model for learning spatiotemporal contextual representation in fMRI data

Abstract Representation learning is a core component in data-driven modeling of various complex phenomena. Learning a contextually informative representation can especially benefit the analysis of fMRI data because of the complexities and dynamic dependencies present in such datasets. In this work, we propose a framework based on transformer models to learn an embedding of the fMRI data by taking the spatiotemporal contextual information in the data into account. This approach takes the multivariate BOLD time series of the regions of the brain as well as their functional connectivity network simultaneously as the input to create a set of meaningful features that can in turn be used in various downstream tasks such as classification, feature extraction, and statistical analysis. The proposed spatiotemporal framework uses the attention mechanism as well as the graph convolution neural network to jointly inject the contextual information regarding the dynamics in time series data and their connectivity into the representation. We demonstrate the benefits of this framework by applying it to two resting-state fMRI datasets, and provide further discussion on various aspects and advantages of it over a number of other commonly adopted architectures.
Entanglement in dissipative dynamics of identical particles

Entanglement of identical massive particles recently gained attention, because of its relevance in highly controllable systems, e.g., ultracold gases. It accounts for correlations among modes instead of particles, providing a different paradigm for quantum information. We prove that the entanglement of almost all states rarely vanishes in the presence of noise, and analyse the most relevant noise in ultracold gases: dephasing and particle losses. Furthermore, when the particle number increases, the entanglement decay can turn from exponential into algebraic.
Application of photoacoustic computed tomography in biomedical imaging: A literature review

Abstract Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is a hybrid imaging modality that combines optical excitation and acoustic detection techniques. It obtains high‐resolution deep‐tissue images based on the deep penetration of light, the anisotropy of light absorption in objects, and the photoacoustic effect. Hence, PACT shows great potential in biomedical sample imaging. Recently, due to its advantages of high sensitivity to optical absorption and wide scalability of spatial resolution with the desired imaging depth, PACT has received increasing attention in preclinical and clinical practice. To date, there has been a proliferation of PACT systems designed for specific biomedical imaging applications, from small animals to human organs, from ex vivo to in vivo real‐time imaging, and from simple structural imaging to functional and molecular imaging with external contrast agents. Therefore, it is of great importance to summarize the previous applications of PACT systems in biomedical imaging and clinical practice. In this review, we searched for studies related to PACT imaging of biomedical tissues and samples over the past two decades; divided the studies into two categories, PACT imaging of preclinical animals and PACT imaging of human organs and body parts; and discussed the significance of the studies. Finally, we pointed out the future directions of PACT in biomedical applications. With the development of exogenous contrast agents and advances of imaging technique, in the future, PACT will enable biomedical imaging from organs to whole bodies, from superficial vasculature to internal organs, from anatomy to functions, and will play an increasingly important role in biomedical research and clinical practice.
COSMOLOGICAL MODEL OF INTERACTING TACHYON FIELD

In this paper we investigate a tachyon field model in cosmology, provided its interaction with the quintessence or phantom fields. The model takes into account this interaction beyond the usual approach, in which the interaction is phenomenologically described by the energy flow between the matter components. In our model, the interaction of tachyon field with a canonical scalar field is taken into account through the interaction potential in the total Lagrangian of the system, like in the case of two or more canonical scalar fields. We obtain the different types of exact solution for the model by employing the so-called "first order formalism" procedures.
Phyllosticta taxa from northern Thailand and southern European Russia: a novel species and four new host records

Phyllosticta is a cosmopolitan group of fungi found on various host plants, occurring as pathogens, endophytes and saprobes. Diseases caused by Phyllosticta commonly include leaf and fruit spots that affect economically important plants. The genus is characterized mainly by aseptate and hyaline conidia and ascospores. However, its conidia are surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath, with a single mucoid apical appendage while ascospores exhibit a mucoid cap at both ends. Given that many Phyllosticta taxa are cryptic and share similar morphological features, it is arduous to depict taxonomically relevant characters solely on the basis of morphological and ecological features. Coupled with morphological description, multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of species comprising complexes are used to broadly describe this genus and understand species boundaries. Despite several published taxonomic revisions and enumerations of Phyllosticta species, there is still considerable confusion when identifying these taxa. Herein, we introduce a new species (P. chiangmaiensis) and three new host records (P. capitalensis) in Thailand, and one new host and country record (P. citribrasiliensis) in Russia. We provide an updated phylogenetic tree, including all Phyllosticta species with sequence data.
A new criterion for zero quantum discord

We propose a new criterion for judging zero quantum discord for arbitrary bipartite states. A bipartite quantum state has zero quantum discord if and only if all the blocks of its density matrix are normal matrices and commute with each other. Given a bipartite state with zero quantum discord, the question of how to find the set of local projectors that do not disturb the whole state after being imposed on one subsystem is also presented. A class of two-qubit X-state is used to test the criterion, and an experimental scheme is proposed for realizing it. Consequently, we prove that the positive operator-valued measurement cannot extinguish the quantum correlation of a bipartite state with nonzero quantum discord.
Structure Formation in the Early Universe

The evolution of the perturbations in the energy density and the particle number density in a flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe in the radiation-dominated era and in the epoch after decoupling of matter and radiation is studied. For large-scale perturbations the outcome is in accordance with treatments in the literature. For smallscale perturbations the dierences are conspicuous. Firstly, in the radiation-dominated era small-scale perturbations grew proportional to the square root of time. Secondly, perturbations in the Cold Dark Matter particle number density were, due to gravitation, coupled to perturbations in the total energy density. This implies that structure formation could have begun successfully only after decoupling of matter and radiation. Finally, after decoupling density perturbations evolved diabatically, i.e., they exchanged heat with their environment. This heat exchange may have enhanced the growth rate of their mass suciently to explain structure formation in the early universe, a phenomenon which cannot be understood from adiabatic density perturbations.
Complexity of simulating constant-depth BosonSampling

BosonSampling is a restricted model of quantum computation proposed recently, where a non-adaptive linear-optical network is used to solve a sampling problem that seems to be hard for classical computers. Here we show that, even if the linear-optical network has a constant number (greater than four) of beam splitter layers, the exact version of the BosonSampling problem is still classically hard, unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses to its third level. This is based on similar result known for constant-depth quantum circuits and circuits of 2-local commuting gates (IQP).
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Analysis Method for Determination of Total Alkaloid Content of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaf Extract

Soursop leaves contain alkaloids that have pharmacological effects. This study aims determine the total alkaloid content of soursop leaf ethanol extract using a validated HPLC method. Extraction was carried out by soxhletation followed by liquid-liquid extraction using chloroform. Optimizing HPLC conditions on the mobile phase, flow rate, concentration, and wavelength, further testing the validation of the analytical method. Optimizing HPLC conditions obtained optimal results at concentration of 500 ppm with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min using acetonitrile: methanol: water (80:5:15) at wavelength of 272 nm. These results have met the validation requirements of analytical methods including System Suitability Test (UKS), selectivity, linearity with y = 2.01914x –219,97226, correlation coefficient value (r) = 0.9995, and Vx0 value 0.11201%. The limit of detection and quantization were 8,78525 ppm and 29,28418 ppm, respectively. The RSD percentage of the precision test is 1.0453%, and the accuracy test is obtained from the recovery of 98-102%. The result of determining the total alkaloid content sample was 0.0862 ± 0.004 % (%w/w) of the entire alkaloid content (TALC) triple replication. This research concludes that the analytical method using the HPLC system for determining the total alkaloid content of the ethanolic extract of soursop leaves is validate
Research on the Structural Features and Influence Mechanism of the Low-Carbon Technology Cooperation Network Based on Temporal Exponential Random Graph Model

China actively promotes cross-regional low-carbon technology cooperation to improve low-carbon technologies and remove technological barriers to sustainable development. In this process, a cross-regional low-carbon technology cooperation network (LCTCN) has been developed and evolved. To help China rationalize the allocation of innovation resources and promote the cross-regional exchange of low-carbon technologies, we measured the LCTCN using low-carbon technology co-patents from 2011 to 2020. We investigated changes in the network structure using social network analysis. In addition, we examined the endogenous structures and exogenous factors that influence the formation of cooperation relationships in the network using a time exponential random graph model (TERGM). We came to the following conclusions: (1) The LCTCN develops toward complexity, showing prominent characteristics of spatial imbalance, heterogeneity, and core-periphery. (2) Among the endogenous structural variables, the coefficient of geometrically weighted degree (Gwdegree) is significantly negative, suggesting that regions within LCTCN tend to form partnerships with already well-connected regions. On the other hand, a positive coefficient of geometrically weighted dyad shared partner statistic (GWDSP) suggests that regions tend to link in multiple ways to each other. (3) Among the exogenous variables, the coefficient of the digital economy is significantly positive. As a result, for every level of digital economy development in a region, the probability of establishing low-carbon technology cooperation between that region and other regions increases by 87.39%. (4) External openness and geographical proximity can also facilitate establishing partnerships. The formation of low-carbon partnerships in the network results from a combination of endogenous structures and exogenous variables.
A General Model of Coexisting Hidden Action and Hidden Information

We consider a general agency model with coexisting hidden action and hidden information. We prove that, with minor technical qualifications, independence of the production technology from the consumer type is necessary and sufficient for welfare irrelevance of hidden action. Our result clarifies and confirms the main conclusion drawn in the existing literature on mixed models, that if the parties are risk neutral and the production technology is not correlated with private information, then hidden action is irrelevant. However it makes it clear that even under risk neutrality this conclusion does not extend to the correlated case, which in practice occurs quite frequently. We illustrate it with a realistic example where neither hidden action nor hidden information on their own lead to welfare losses, while their combination does.
LONG-LASTING BLACK HOLE JETS IN SHORT GAMMA-RAY BURSTS

Whether a short gamma-ray burst (GRB) is caused by a black hole (BH) or a neutron star (NS) after the merger of an NS binary is a crucial problem. We propose a BH model that explains short GRBs with long-lasting activities such as extended emission and plateau emission up to ∼10,000 s. To extract the BH rotational energy, the topological evolution of the magnetic field should accompany the mass ejection, mass fallback, and magnetic field reconnection. The observations suggest magnetic field decay from ∼ 10 14 ? > to ∼ 10 13 − 10 11 ? > G at the BH, bounded below by the pre-merger strength and kept constant while the luminosity is constant, and the fallback mass of ∼ 10 − 4 − 10 − 2 M ⊙ ? > , comparable to the ejecta mass implied by the macronova (or kilonova) in GRB 130603B. The BH model has implications for gravitational waves and the equation of state of NS matter.