Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Improved Eclat Algorithm for Mining Association Rules Based on Increased Search Strategy

Although Eclat algorithm is an efficient algorithm for mining association rules, there are some disadvantages which limit the efficient of Eclat. In this paper, we proposed an improved Eclat algorithm called Eclat_growth which is based on the increased search strategy. There are three main steps in the Eclat_growth algorithm. First, it scans the database and stores it into a table using vertical data format. Then, it builds an increased two-dimensional pattern tree and the TID_sets of itemsets in the vertical data format table are added into the pattern tree row by row. New frequent itemsets are generated by combining the new added item data with the existing frequent itemsets in the pattern tree. Finally, all frequent itemsets can be found by picking up all nodes of the pattern tree. In the process of generating new frequent itemsets, the prior knowledge is used to fully clip the candidate itemsets. In the process of generating an intersection of two itemsets and calculating the support degree, we proposed a new method called BSRI (Boolean array setting and retrieval by indexes of transactions) to reduce the run time. By comparing Eclat_growth with Eclat, Eclat-diffsets, Eclat-opt and hEclat, it is indicated that Eclat_growth has the highest performance in mining associating rules from various databases.
‘Now they’re coming after our schools’: interrogating urban intimacies of children and displacement

ABSTRACT Education scholars grappling with policy issues related to community and identity issues may pay attention to the work of emotion. Rationalist, psychological frameworks that bound many educational researchers’ policy analyses are limited in scope: the policy process is seen as a linear cause-and-effect process. A feminist geographic attention to this research offers a more complex understanding of the experiences of policy. Using children’s displacement by gentrification as an example, this commentary will show how a feminist geographic understanding of place attachment offers a more complete understanding of the effects of gentrification. Specifically, using the concept of the ‘intimate city’, I show how the global process of gentrification is entangled with the intimate embodiment of emotions. And in order to effectively study education policy, we must be attuned to how children embody their emotions.
Getting along with others as an educational goal

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how participants in diverse schools newly implement the Sanford Harmony social and emotional learning (SEL) program and perceive its benefits for students and overall school climate.Design/methodology/approachThe current study employed a convergent parallel mixed-methods design with a sample of five elementary schools in the western USA. Measures included classroom observations, administrator interviews, teacher interviews and focus groups, student focus groups, and a teacher questionnaire.FindingsFindings indicated expected variation in implementation across schools, although all participants reacted favorably to the program and, importantly, would recommend the program to others. Administrators, teachers and students all saw the value of the program, particularly in terms of student relationship building and improved school climate. Implementation challenges experienced by schools were consistent with research on diffusion of innovations.Practical implicationsThe present study demonstrates the importance of effective professional development, continued support, collective decision making and intentional integration of the SEL program throughout a school to support robust implementation and ultimately achieve intended outcomes.Originality/valueResearchers have yet to examine in-depth implementation of the Sanford Harmony program and how best to support scale-up and more intentional implementation in schools. As implementation fidelity is a key component of a program achieving intended outcomes, the findings from the present study contribute to the knowledge base of supporting SEL program implementation.
Book Review: Thomas L. Friedman Thank You for Being Late: An Optimist’s Guide to Thriving in the Age of Accelerations and Niall Ferguson The Square and the Tower: Networks, Hierarchies and the Struggle for Global Power

Given the increased complexity of our global world, many authors have been trying to make sense of the numerous challenges that we face (Fiss & Hirsch, 2005). In this review, we take two different, but complementary perspectives, on these challenges. To this end, we review two very important recent books on this matter that are written by two of the keenest observers and commentators on today’s world developments, Thomas Friedman and Niall Ferguson. Friedman’s book Thank You for Being Late: An Optimist’s Guide to Thriving in the Age of Accelerations (2016), and Ferguson’s The Square and the Tower: Networks and power, from the Freemasons to Facebook (2017), offer very different interpretations and guides to doing just that, making sense of today’s increasingly complex challenges. Friedman identifies three major accelerations (technological change, digital globalization and climate change) that disrupt and displace our global reality. And, although he acknowledges that these accelerations challenge our social structures, which are not ready to deal with them, he remains optimistic about the opportunities these challenges provide us. Ferguson, on the other hand, draws on a detailed historical analysis in what he conceives to be a major theme in human history; i.e. the interplay between social networks and hierarchies. He makes the point that human history can be characterized as long epochs, where hierarchical structures dominated humanity, and more dynamic eras, where networks had an advantage over hierarchies. Following a rather pessimistic approach, he argues that many times in history, times disturbingly similar to the current ones, networks have run amok, plunging their societies into bloodshed. At least partly these different interpretations can be attributed to the different backgrounds of the authors. Thomas Friedman is an American political commentator, New York Times columnist and three-time Pulitzer Prize winner, whereas Niall Ferguson is an academically-trained British 860780OSS0010.1177/0170840619860780Organization StudiesBook Review book-review2019
Continuous Authentication using Biometrics Techniques to prevent Session Hijacking

Session hijacking attacks are one of the commonly experienced cyber threats in today's Internet. The primary reason behind session hijacking is the authentication process that only takes place during the initial login process. The session is initiated once both the users are authenticated. But the main issue regarding this is, the attacker could obtain the session key and hijack the ongoing session, thus getting access to messages he is not authenticated to see. To avoid session hijacking, continuous authentication is required. This project presents a method for providing continuous user authentication using biometric techniques such as face recognition and pattern matching. To avoid inconvenience caused to users due to continuous authentication, the process must be kept transparent to the user. Along with the traditional user id and password requirement, blink detection is done as well to provide additional authentication. The attacker is thus restricted from hijacking the session due to continuous authentication method like pattern matching. If the continuous authentication fails, the session is suspended and the face recognition method is invoked. Also, encryption algorithm is implemented on both sides to prevent message sniffing.
Analysis of Problem-Based Learning Models by Typology of Knowledge Pollock and Cruz (1999)

Problem-based learning (PBL) is learning where students build knowledge based on learning experiences to solve problems. This model generally is known by teachers around the world and successfully attracted many researchers. However, very limited study has been conducted to analyze this learning model using the typology of knowledge by Pollock and Cruz (1999). This paper analyzed the PBL model using Pollock and Cruz instrument. This study discovered that learning knowledge and facilities contributed to the success of the learning process. However, the internalism typology instrument recommends for the teacher to select and choose appropriate knowledge. Particularly in specific student experience and scaffolding in constructivism through identification and screening system. Another instrument is externalism typology, found that the absorbs of knowledge depends on the developmental age and group compositions, primarily, in first-third grade students. This instrument suggested that a teacher must be more active to be facilitator and mediator in the absorption of knowledge through the assimilation and accommodations mechanism.
Improving software insecurity with precise static and runtime analysis

The landscape of security vulnerabilities has changed dramatically in the last several years. While buffer overruns and format string violations accounted for a large fraction of all security exploits in the 1990s, recently the picture started to change. As Web-based applications became more prominent, familiar buffer overruns are now far outnumbered by Web application vulnerabilities such as SQL injections and cross-site scripting attacks. These vulnerabilities have lead to a multitude of attacks against e-commerce sites, financial institutions, etc., leading to millions of dollars in damages. In this thesis, we describe the Griffin project, which provides a comprehensive static and runtime compiler-based solution to a wide range of Web application vulnerabilities. Our approach targets large real-life Web-based Java applications. To make our approach to both extensible and user-friendly, vulnerability specifications are expressed in PQL, a Program Query Language. The static checker generated based on the PQL, specification finds vulnerabilities by analyzing the Web-based applications. We evaluate analysis features such as context-, object- and map sensitivity that help keep the number of false positives low. As an alternative to static analysis, secured application executables can be generated based on the same PQL vulnerability specification. Moreover, runtime vulnerability recovery rules may be provided. Our experimental results show that Griffin provides effective and practical tools for finding and preventing security vulnerabilities. We were able to find a total of 98 security errors, and all but one of our 11 large real-life benchmark applications were vulnerable. Two vulnerabilities were located in commonly used libraries, thus subjecting applications using the libraries to potential vulnerabilities. Most of the security errors we reported were confirmed as exploitable vulnerabilities by their maintainers, resulting in more than a dozen code fixes. The static analysis reported false positives for only one of 11 applications we have analyzed. While the runtime overhead can be quite high for our runtime protection, information we compute statically reduces the number of necessary instrumentation points dramatically, causing the overhead to drop below 10% in most cases. Finally, our runtime system was able to recover from all exploits we performed against it in practice.
Formal Syntax And Semantics Of Programming Languages A Laboratory Based Approach

Thank you very much for reading formal syntax and semantics of programming languages a laboratory based approach. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their chosen books like this formal syntax and semantics of programming languages a laboratory based approach, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer.
Exploring the Use of Bibliotherapy With English as a Second Language Students

Studies in trauma healing and teaching ESL students have been done before. In addition, bibliotherapy has been used in educational and psychological disciplines. However, there are few studies that explore the use of bibliotherapy and trauma healing in ESL refugee students. My objective for this study was to explore bibliotherapy to see what experiences/stories surfaced from students’ lives and what connections/ reflections students made to the books we read in the bibliotherapy sessions. This was a qualitative single case study; I observed and worked with a group of ESL refugee students in an after-school program. However, for this study I followed the progress of one student over our bibliotherapy sessions. I used observations, interviews and artifacts analysis. Data was collected, triangulated and coded. I found out that the student Identified herself to some degree with the texts read during our bibliotherapy sessions. However, stories from past traumatic experiences surfaced during oral discussions but became more visible whenever she was writing.
Testing the Martingale Hypothesis for Gross Returns

We propose an alternative ratio statistic for measuring predictability of stock prices. Our statistic is based on actual returns rather than logarithmic returns and is therefore better suited to capturing price predictability. It captures not only linear dependence in the same way as the variance ratio statistics of Lo and MacKinlay (1988) but also some nonlinear dependencies. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the statistics under the null hypothesis that simple gross returns are unpredictable after a constant mean adjustment. This represents a test of the weak form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis. We also consider the multivariate extension, in particular, we derive the restrictions implied by the EMH on multiperiod portfolio gross returns. We apply our methodology to test the gross return predictability of various financial series.
Sketchy knowledge skeptical attitude towards generic and branded drugs

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the medical student’s knowledge and attitude towards generic drugs and categorize if a drug is generic or branded from the drug label. Method: A prospective cross sectional survey was undertaken among 90 final year medical students.17 item questionnaire was developed, validated and administered to assess their knowledge and attitude on generic vs. branded drugs. Results: In our survey 71% students knew that generic drugs are bioequivalent to branded drugs but only 17.77% knew that generic are manufactured after expiry of patent. 73.33% students were aware that Medical Council of India has made generic prescription mandatory. 88% students were sensitive to the difference in generic vs. branded pricing. However 47% students felt that incentives will increase generic prescription. 50% of the students did not categorize the given sample of drugs either as branded or generic. 100% stressed the need of sensitization programmes at undergraduate level to update them on drug prescription patterns. Conclusion: Good percentage of students had knowledge about generic medicines. They showed positive attitude towards generic prescription in their future practice and were ready to consume generic drugs themselves when required. Inspite of this fact patients and practitioners still favour branded drugs.
Beyond the “Like”: How People Respond to Negative Posts on Facebook

New features of social network platforms afford users the ability to navigate potentially sensitive situations in ways they could not before. This study surveyed 260 Facebook users to uncover how people are using this social media platform’s new “reaction” buttons to respond to others’ posts about negative topics such as traumatic life situations, catastrophic current or past events, and interpersonal crises. Results suggest that users do not perceive the reaction buttons as adequate tools to help them interact with those that are close to them. Instead, these new paralinguistic digital affordances seem to help users engage in social grooming.
Interpersonal problems and social adjustment : comparing avoidant and borderline personality disorder symptoms

iii LAY SUMMARY . iv PREFACE . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 2 Interpersonal Problems and Personality Disorders . 2 Social Dysfunction . 4 The Current Study . 5 Chapter 3: Method . 6 Participants and Procedure . 6 Measures . 7 Personality Disorder Symptoms. 7 Social Dysfunction . 7 Interpersonal Problems . 7 The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV . 8 Demographics questionnaire . 8 Analyses . 8 Chapter 4: Results . 9
Social pressure for religious conformity and anti-gay sentiment among Muslim and Christian youth

Abstract Research on civic education, for the most part, investigates the alleged outcomes of deliberate civic education programs. Remarkably, few types of research have investigated how the outcomes of group process (e.g. based on religion) in schools, and more specifically, the pressure to conform to in-group norms, relate to civic educational goals (e.g. promoting tolerance for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender people). Against that background, this paper has two objectives. First, we assess social variation in perceived social pressure for religious conformity among Christian and Muslim Youth enrolled in secondary education in Flanders (N = 2765). Second, we investigate the relationship between perceived social pressure for religious conformity and anti-gay sentiment. Our analyses are guided by social identity theory and rely on multilevel analysis. We find that for both Christian and Muslim youth, anti-gay sentiment is higher among young people who experience higher social pressure through the perceived expectations from talking with significant others about religion.
RESEARCH PAPER ON SENTIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEWS AND RATING

: Sentiment Analysis is the process of determining whether a part of writing is positive, negative or neutral. It is also known as opinion mining or emotion AI (Artificial Intelligence) and refers to the use of natural language processing, text analysis, and biometrics to systematically identify, extract, quantify, and study affective states and subjective information. It is widely applied to voice of the customer materials such as reviews and survey responses, online and social media, and healthcare materials for applications that range from marketing to customer service to clinical medicine. In order to determine the sentiment of the overall document, we can use our own scoring algorithms – using the weighted phrases from the previous side, and then using our proprietary way of adding them up. By taking a set of content we can build a document-level sentiment classifier on it. In this thesis we are going to see how frequent item set can be used for mining reviews from online reviews posted by the customers. Our main aim is to create a system for analyzing sentiments or opinions which implies judgment of different consumer products.
Dativizable or Non-dativizable: That is the question? A syntactic- semantic analysis of English (non)-dativizable constructions in the production of a set of 2L1 English/Spanish simultaneous bilingual twins

This paper analyzes the syntactico-semantic factors which trigger Dative shift in English dativizable verbs, i.e. those verbs that allow alternation between double object and prepositional complement constructions. It also focuses on non-dativizable verbs that restrict their subcategorization framework to either double object or prepositional complement constructions. This syntactico-semantic relation between dativizable and non-dativizable structures is addressed in acquisition by ex-amining the incidence for the two verb types in a set of English/Spanish 2L1 bilingual twins. Our results show that the syntactic and semantic features that dativizable and non-dativizables present go hand in hand with the age of ﬁrst occurrence and the language development of the participants. Hence, dativizable to-dative double object constructions (DOC) are the utterances produced the earliest at the age of 2, as opposed to dativizable to/for -datives and non-dativizable constructions, which begin to emerge at around the age of 3. Finally, our results also suggest that the high adult input frequency explains the twins’ early production of dativizable structures and that, in the same way, the children’s low exposure to non-dativizable utterances correlates with the later occurrence in the twins’ spontaneous production.
Context Sensitive Host-Based IDS Using Hybrid Automaton

A key function of a host-based intrusion detection system is to monitor program execution.Models constructed based on static analysis have the advantage of not producing false alarms;still, they can not be put into practice due to imprecision or inefficiency of the model.The prior work has shown a trade-off between efficiency and precision.In particular, models based upon non-deterministic finite state automaton(DFA) are efficient but lack precision.More accurate models based upon pushdown automaton(PDA) are very inefficient to operate due to non-determinism in stack activity.DYCK model, VPStatic model and IMA use some subtle approaches to achieve more determinism by extracting information about stack activity of the program or inserting code to expose program state or just inline the local automaton but still can not solve the problem of indirect call/JMP.This paper presents a new training-free model(hybrid finite automaton, HFA) to gain more determinism and resolves indirect call/JMP through static-dynamic hybrid approach.The results show that in run-time, these models slowed the execution of the test programs by 5% to 10%. This paper also formally compares HFA with some typical models and proves that HFA is more accurate than others and it is more suitable for dynamic linked applications.Some technical details of the protocol type system on Linux and experimental results are also presented in the paper.
The Counternarrative of Teacher Evaluation: The Kangaroo Court, the Salem Witch Trials, and the Scarlett Letter

The purpose of this sequential transformative study was to elucidate the negative experiences of teachers with performance evaluations and to juxtapose the intended use of current popular teacher evaluation reform movements to the evident implementation. One may quickly assume that negative experiences with evaluation are a result of unsatisfactory teaching practices. However, this may not accurately explain the negative experiences. This study focused on the negative experience of teacher evaluation to provide a broader understanding of the impact of new evaluation policy reform on student achievement and teacher quality. With a paucity of previous research focused on the negative impacts of teacher evaluation, this study addressed the following questions: (1) How does the Peer Assistance and Review (PAR) teacher evaluation process negatively impact teachers? (2) What, if any, parallel traits exist among those teachers who had negative experiences with the PAR evaluation system? and, (3) How does the intended use of the PAR teacher evaluation process compare to the evident use of PAR? Data revealed dissonance among intent and evident use of the evaluation policy. A disproportionate number of African Americans, women over the age of 55, and teachers higher on the pay scale were referred to PAR. Vague policy language was suggested as the impetus for misuse, abuse, and biased implementation at the local level. This study suggests that policymakers and school district officials take heed of multiple perspectives and consider the negative impacts of teacher evaluation reform. Evaluation systems that prioritize teacher learning over accountability are integral to successfully improving student achievement.