Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response inhibition in adolescents is moderated by brain connectivity and social network structure

Self-control is vital for a wide range of outcomes across our lifespan, yet the developmental trajectory of its core components during adolescence remains elusive. Many adolescents can successfully regulate their behavior even when they do not show strong activation in brain regions typically recruited during self-control in adults. Thus, adolescents may rely on other neural and cognitive resources to compensate, including daily experiences navigating and managing complex social relationships that likely bolster self-control processes. Here, we tested whether activity and connectivity in brain systems associated with social cognition (i.e., self-processing and mentalizing) facilitated successful self-control. We measured brain activity using fMRI as 62 adolescents completed a Go/No-Go response inhibition task. Recruitment of social brain systems, especially the self-processing system, was associated with better response inhibition in adolescents. Interestingly, the reliance on the self-processing system was stronger in adolescents with weaker activation in the canonical response inhibition system, suggesting a compensatory role for social brain systems during adolescent development. Furthermore, we examined the importance of social context by computing the size, number of communities, and modularity of our participants’ real-life social network. We found that adolescents with more friends and more communities in their social networks demonstrated a stronger relationship between response inhibition and recruitment of social brain systems. Collectively, our results identify the importance of social context and its moderating role on the relationship between brain activity and behavior. Furthermore, our results indicate a critical role for social brain systems during the developmental trajectory of self-control throughout adolescence. Significance Statement We employed a network neuroscience approach to investigate the role of social context and social brain systems in facilitating self-control in adolescents. We found that recruitment of social brain systems was associated with better response inhibition in adolescents, especially for adolescents with weaker activation in the response inhibition system. Moreover, adolescents with more friends and communities in their social networks showed stronger relationships between response inhibition and recruitment of social brain systems. Our results advance understanding of how brain systems facilitate self-control in adolescents, and how these brain responses are associated with features of an adolescent’s real-life social network. Bringing together findings related to brain networks and social networks provides key insights into how biology and environment mutually influence development.
Application of linear graph embedding as a dimensionality reduction technique and sparse representation classifier as a post classifier for the classification of epilepsy risk levels from EEG signals

The most common and frequently occurring neurological disorder is epilepsy and the main method useful for the diagnosis of epilepsy is electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis. Due to the length of EEG recordings, EEG signal analysis method is quite time-consuming when it is processed manually by an expert. This paper proposes the application of Linear Graph Embedding (LGE) concept as a dimensionality reduction technique for processing the epileptic encephalographic signals and then it is classified using Sparse Representation Classifiers (SRC). SRC is used to analyze the classification of epilepsy risk levels from EEG signals and the parameters such as Sensitivity, Specificity, Time Delay, Quality Value, Performance Index and Accuracy are analyzed.
Single Channel Speech Separation Using an Efficient Model-based Method

The subject of extracting multiple speech signals from a single mixed recording, which is referred to single channel speech separation, has received considerable attention in recent years and many model-based techniques have been proposed. A major problem of most of these systems is their inability to deal with the situation in which the signals are combined at different levels of energies because they assume that the data used in the test and training phase have equal levels of energies, where, this assumption hardly occurs in reality. Our proposed method based on MIXMAX approximation and sub- section vector quantization (VQ) is an attempt to overcome this limitation. The proposed technique is compared with a technique in which a gain adapted minimum mean square error estimator is derived to estimate the separated signals. Through experiments we show that our proposed method outperforms this method in terms of SNR results and also reduces computational complexity.
Expression Analysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid Oxidase Genes in Chitosan-Coated Banana

Banana is a climacteric fruit in which ethylene plays an important role in the regulation of the ripening process. Though it is the most produced fruit in Indonesia, the current post-harvest technologies for exporting this fruit are not economically friendly. Chitosan is one of economical biopolymer for edible coating which can extend fruit shelf-life. However, little study focused on the effect of chitosan coating has been done on gene expression level. In this study, the expression levels of several 1-aminocyclopropan-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO) genes, which is an enzyme to convert 1-aminocyclopropan-1-carboxylic acid to ethylene in banana were analyzed on day 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 after ethylene treatment. As a result, one gene (ID: Ma01_t11540.1) had a similar expression pattern in both control and chitosan-coated bananas while the other genes (ID: Ma03_t02700.1, Ma05_t09360.1, Ma06_t02600.1, Ma10_t01130.1) showed different expression patterns. Among these genes, two genes (ID: Ma05_t09360.1, Ma10_t01130.1) were expressed higher than the other genes and the peak was observed on day 3. It was indicated that chitosan coating might activate the ethylene biosynthesis pathway in banana while it delayed fruit ripening.
Information seeking for instructional planning: An exploratory study

AbstractAlthough the amount and range of educational resources on the Internet is vast, finding appropriate materials for a given instructional situation is often problematic. This research study explored the information-seeking and Internet-searching patterns of prekindergarten through 12th-grade educators as part of the Gateway to Educational Materials project funded by the U.S. Department of Education. Some results indicate that educators tend to search for lesson plans more than other types of instructional resources and use parts of an instructional resource or adapt a resource to their specific situations rather than use the resource “as is. ” Some differences in information-seeking patterns among various educator groups were also found.
A GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS

Nowadays the different forms of information are used beginning with deterministic information and finishing with fuzzy information. This paper presents a four-level hierarchical classification of information. The first level of hierarchy is deterministic information, the second one – probabilistic information, the third one – uncertain-deterministic and uncertain-probabilistic information, and the fourth level is fuzzy-deterministic and fuzzyprobabilistic information. Each following level has to be considered more general than the previous one. The scheme is very simple, but its applications will be immeasurable. An analogical scheme is described for classifying systems and different objects and phenomena.
Genomic divergence in allopatric Northern Cardinals of the North American warm deserts is associated with behavioral differentiation

Biogeographic barriers are thought to be important in initiating speciation through geographic isolation, but they rarely indiscriminately and completely reduce gene flow across the entire community. Understanding which species’ attributes regulate a barrier could help elucidate how speciation is initiated. Here, we investigated the association of behavioral isolation on population differentiation in Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) distributed across the Cochise Filter Barrier, a region of transitional habitat which separates the Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts. Using genome-wide markers, we modeled demographic history by fitting the data to isolation and isolation-with-migration models. The best-fit model indicated that desert populations diverged in the mid-Pleistocene and there has been historically low, unidirectional gene flow into the Sonoran Desert. We then tested song recognition using reciprocal call-broadcast experiments to compare song recognition between deserts, controlling for song dialect changes within deserts. We found that male Northern Cardinals in both deserts were most aggressive to local songs and failed to recognize across-barrier songs. A correlation of genomic differentiation despite historic introgression and strong song discrimination is consistent with a model where speciation is initiated across a barrier and maintained by behavioral isolation.
A Framework for Cortical Layer Composition Analysis using Low Resolution T1 MRI Images (August 2018)

The layer composition of the cerebral cortex represents a unique anatomical fingerprint of brain development, function, connectivity and pathology. Historically the cortical layers were investigated solely ex-vivo using histological means, but recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest that T1 relaxation images can be utilized to separate the layers. Despite technological advancements in the field of high resolution MRI, accurate estimation of whole brain layer composition has remained limited due to partial volume effects, leaving some layers far beyond the image resolution. In this study we offer a simple and accurate method for layer composition analysis, resolving partial volume effects and cortical curvature heterogeneity. We use a low resolution echo planar imaging inversion recovery (EPI IR) MRI scan protocol that provides fast acquisition (~12 minutes) and enables extraction of multiple T1 relaxation time components per voxel, which are assigned to types of brain tissue and utilized to extract the subvoxel composition of each T1 layer. While previous investigation of the layers required the estimation of cortical normals or smoothing of layer widths (similar to VBM), here we developed a sphere-based approach to explore the inner mesoscale architecture of the cortex. Our novel algorithm conducts spatial analysis using volumetric sampling of a system of virtual spheres dispersed throughout the entire cortical space. The methodology offers a robust and powerful framework for quantification and visualization of the layers on the cortical surface, providing a basis for quantitative investigation of their role in cognition, physiology and pathology.
Estudo de Desempenho de Algoritmos de Aprendizagem sob Condições de Ambigüidade Sensorial

viii AGRADECIMENTOS . ix DEDICATÓRIA . x I INTRODUÇÃO . 11 I.1 Motivação . 12 I.2 Objetivos . 12 I.3 Organização da dissertação. 13 II APRENDIZAGEM POR REFORÇO . 14 II.1 Processos decisórios de Markov . 16 II.2 “Perceptual Aliasing” . 17 II.3 Aprendizagem por reforço . 18 II.4 Q-learning . 19 II.5 Sarsa.22 II.6 Peng-Williams.23 II.7 Dyna . 26 III CONSTRUÇÃO DE MAPAS . 28 III.1 Aprendizagem de mapas: modelo métrico versus modelo topológico . 29 III.2 Algoritmo para gerar mapas cognitivos de resolução variável . 31 III.2. a Interpretação neuronal dos sensores . 33 III.2. b Identificação dos limites do obstáculo. 34 III.2. c Atualização das partições. 36 III.2. d Exploração do ambiente.37 III.2. e Planejamento e ação. 38 III.2. f Controle de baixo nível. 39
Overview and literature survey of fuzzy set theory in power systems

Increasing interest has been seen in applying fuzzy set theory to power systems problems from the number of publications on this topic. As a relatively new research topic a need is felt to pay more attention to the understanding of the basic principles of the theory and the identification of problems suitable for solving by this method. This paper presents a survey of publications on applications of fuzzy set theory to power systems and the basic procedures for fuzzy set based methods to solve specific power systems problems. Simple numerical examples are used to show the practical procedures of problem formulation and solution. Theses examples are: generator maintenance scheduling, dynamic programming, and power system stabiliser. >
A Survey of Agent Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) do not have a fixed infrastructure and consist of sensor nodes that perform sensing and communicating tasks. The WSNs have large application spectrum such as habitat monitoring, military surveillance, and target tracking, where sensor nodes may operate distributed in highly dynamic environments. Battery-constrained sensor nodes may aggregate the sensed data, localize themselves, and route the packets in an energy-efficient and decentralized manner to enable running the applications. Agents are capable of independent and autonomous action, so that they can successfully carry out tasks that have been delegated to them, thus agent-based approaches are very suitable to apply as the solution of the problems occurring in WSNs. So far many agent-based approaches were proposed for WSNs. This paper surveys the agent technologies for sensor networks by providing a classification, objectives and costs of these approaches with the open research problems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that covers the intersection of the agent technology and sensor networks from a wide perspective.
Three-dimensional organization of transzonal projections and other cytoplasmic extensions in mouse ovarian follicles

Each mammalian oocyte is nurtured by its own multi-cellular structure, the ovarian follicle. We used new methods for serial section electron microscopy to examine entire cells and their projections in mouse antral ovarian follicles. It is already known that cumulus cells send towards the oocyte thin cytoplasmic projections called transzonal projections (TZPs), which are crucial for normal oocyte development. We found that most TZPs do not reach the oocyte, and that they often branch and make gap junctions with each other. Furthermore, the connected TZPs are usually contacted on their shaft by oocyte microvilli. Mural granulosa cells were found to possess randomly oriented cytoplasmic projections that are strikingly similar to free-ended TZPs. We propose that granulosa cells use cytoplasmic projections to search for the oocyte, and cumulus cell differentiation results from a contact-mediated paracrine interaction with the oocyte.
Enhanced in vivo-imaging in fish by optimized anaesthesia, fluorescent protein selection and removal of pigmentation

Fish are ideally suited for in vivo-imaging due to their transparency at early stages combined with a large genetic toolbox. Key challenges to further advance imaging are fluorophore selection, immobilization of the specimen and approaches to eliminate pigmentation. We addressed all three and identified the fluorophores and anaesthesia of choice by high throughput time-lapse imaging. Our results indicate that eGFP and mCherry are the best conservative choices for in vivo-fluorescence experiments, when availability of well-established antibodies and nanobodies matters. Still, mVenusNB and mGFPmut2 delivered highest absolute fluorescence intensities in vivo. Immobilization is of key importance during extended in vivo imaging. Here, traditional approaches are outperformed by mRNA injection of α-Bungarotoxin which allows a complete and reversible, transient immobilization. In combination with fully transparent juvenile and adult fish established by the targeted inactivation of both, oca2 and pnp4a via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in medaka we could dramatically improve the state-of-the art imaging conditions in post-embryonic fish, now enabling light-sheet microscopy of the growing retina, brain, gills and inner organs in the absence of side effects caused by anaesthetic drugs or pigmentation.
Automatic Generation Of 3-D Building Models From Building Polygons On GIS

When a real urban world is projected into 3-D virtual space, buildings are major objects in this space. To realize a 3-D CG urban model, it is important to generate building models efficiently. A 3-D urban model is an important information infrastructure that can be utilized in several fields, such as landscape evaluation, urban planning, disaster prevention simulation, etc. However, in order to realize a 3-D urban model, enormous time and labor has to be consumed to acquire the spatial data and to design the models. In this paper, we proposed the GIS and CG integrated system that automatically generates a 3-D building model from building polygons on a digital map stored by GIS. Some building polygons contain noise edges to be filtered out. The algorithm for filtering out noise edges and breaking down complicated polygon into primitive ones is presented. By applying the algorithm, we can get a core polygon with smaller vertices, which then can be broken down into a basic L-shaped polygon and rectangles. After breaking down, the integrated system is placing CG primitives i.e. building parts on these polygons to form a 3-D building model.
Subject-verb agreement in English relative clauses: Using speech errors and psycholinguistic approaches to distinguish between syntactic representations

The analysis presented here makes use of agreement speech errors to address the question of which syntactic representations of relative clause structures are appropriate for the psycholinguistic production of the local dependency between subjects and verbs. If agreement is a strictly syntactic process, and such errors only occur as a result of interference between the copying of syntactic number from the subject to the verb, a Government and Binding representation is plausible. Such a theoretical representation suggests specific feature-copying relationships between head nominals, relative pronouns and traces. If, however, agreement in the cases of these errors is semantic, then a Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar representation of relative clauses may be more appropriate for psycholinguistic accounts. Directions for future research are suggested.
Phenotypic classification of moluccas ring cowrie, Cypraea annulus Linn., 1758 (gastropod: Cypraeidae), based on shell meristical

The diversity of marine life is very high and is estimated to amount to 2.2 million species and only about 0.8 million species have been identified.1 A very large and varied number is certainly very interesting, but also difficult to learn. World marine biodiversity recorder sites or WoRMS reported that only 240,016 species are registered, 224,719 species have been verified and 441,796 are named synonyms.2 The limited number of taxonomists is a major obstacle to identifying the large number of marine biota.3‒5
Electronic Dewey의 이용에 관한 연구

DDC는 1876년 멜빌 듀이에 의해 초판이 발행된 이후 21판의 개정판이 출판될 예정이며, 현재 전세계적으로 널리 사용되고 있는 세계적인 분류포이다. 이러한 DDC는 이제 인쇄본 형태뿐만 아니라 기계가독형 형태인 CD-ROM으로까지 생산되기에 이르렀다. 본고에서는 DDC 최초의 기계가독형 형태인 Electronic Dewey Decimal Classification(EDDC)에 대해 살펴보고, 이를 실제로 사용해 본 학생들을 대상으로 조사한 설문지 결과를 중심으로 EDDC의 이용 가능성과 그에 필요한 여건에 관해 논하였다.
High capacity wideband co-site co-channel interference cancellation system for enhancing wireless communications

CANCELLATION SYSTEM FOR ENHANCING WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS by QI ZHOU (Under the Direction of Mable P. Fok) ABSTRACT A high capacity wideband co-site co-channel interference cancellation system (ICS), is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The demonstrated cancellation system subtracts the in-band wideband interfering signal from the received signal, such that the weak signal of interest (SOI) can be recovered. Our approach takes the good parts of both an electrical and an optical system to achieve deep cancellation with wide operation bandwidth. This proposed architecture is capable of canceling both line of sight and multipath interference. A 30-dB cancellation over 5.5 GHz and more than 50-dB cancellation over 150 MHz are experimentally obtained. Furthermore, to enable dynamic co-site interference cancellation at GHz speed, a semiconductor-optical-amplifiers (SOA) based ultrafast tunable time delay has been developed and incorporated into the ICS. Lastly, a novel microwave photonic mixer is demonstrated using polarization rotation in SOA and can be employed as the front end of the ICS for enhancing wireless transmission capacity.
Phenotypic Structure of Colombian Populations of Anastrepha fraterculus Complex (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the principal quarantine pests in Colombian fruit production. Studies have shown that the nominal species is a complex of cryptic species and that the more common biological entity that exists in Colombia, the “Andean morphotype,” is a species, different from others on the continent. The bioecological information available for this morphotype is scarce, yet it is essential for establishing integrated pest management programs and for defining the insect's quarantine status. Knowledge of the pest's population structure, whether biological, genetic or morphological, is a valuable tool in making management decisions. The goal of this study was to gain information on the phenotypic structure of the Colombian populations of this species complex through the morphometric study of the eggs, larvae, and adults. Populations of A. fraterculus s.l. from 2 fruit species widely known as hosts for this insect (coffee, Coffea arabica L. [Rubiaceae], at medium altitudes; feijoa, Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) [Myrtaceae]) at high altitudes) were collected at 9 Colombian localities from the south of the country (Nariño) to the northeast (Santander). Adults were obtained from the collected fruits, which were then used to rear insects in feijoa fruits. Significant variables were selected using a discriminant analysis, and the differences between the populations were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of variance. The variability of each significant variable was studied with a Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric analysis. The morphological variables studied were 21 for adult females, 7 for adult males, 24 for third-instar larvae, and 2 for the eggs. Intraspecific variability was found in the Colombian populations of the A. fraterculus Andean morphotype. In populations from higher altitudes, the adults and larvae are larger, whereas the eggs are smaller, compared to populations from lower altitudes. Variability might have a genetic component and be due to the limited movement of the individuals, which may favor the application of management activities in selected areas.