Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Symmetric Inchworm Nanowalker

Intracellular transport by biological nanowalkers occurs in inchworm (IW) gait as well as hand-over-hand (HOH) gait. Multiple versions of artificial inchworm nanowalkers are also realised and proposed, but all rely on different head and tail to gain a direction. Here, we demonstrate an inchworm bipedal nanowalker made of DNA that possesses two identical legs and moves directionally along a linear track under alternating ultraviolet and visible light. The inchworm gait is confirmed by operating the walker on a DNA duplex track that is designed to show a distinctive pattern for inchworm versus hand-over-hand gait. Interestingly, the same walker exhibits stride-controlled direction reversals and IW-to-HOH gait switch when the track is systematically modified for elongated spacing between periodic binding stations for the walker. The IW and HOH regimes altogether present an integrated nanowalker mechanism, which can be used to implement nanowalkers of different gaits and directions with DNA, other biomolecules or synthetic molecules on molecular tracks, optical potentials or even solid-state substrates.
Diet composition and gut integrity in weaned piglets

This thesis deals with the effects of dietary modulation of protein and carbohydrates under controlled energy intake on small intestinal integrity in weaned piglets. Small intestinal integrity is assessed on the basis of indicators regarding morphology (villus length, crypt depth), functionality (enzyme secretion and permeability across the gut wall) and inflammation (cell differentiation molecules on T cell lymphocytes and haptoglobin levels in blood plasma). The piglets were offered a predetermined maximum amount of feed in order to prevent entanglement between the effect of feed intake level and the effect of diet composition itself on small intestinal integrity. The effectiveness of protein versus lactose was investigated by changing the ratio of protein to lactose in the diet. Results indicated that lactose seemed more limiting than protein for epithelial cells in contributing to mucosal integrity during the first days after weaning. Therefore the specificity of lactose as carbohydrate source was investigated by feeding the piglets either glucose, lactose or native starch. However, those carbohydrate sources did not differentially affect mucosal integrity. Furthermore, changing protein digestibility or predigestion of protein did not affect mucosal integrity. Across diets, degeneration of the small intestine occurred already after one day postweaning and seemed more pronounced in the proximal small intestine, regeneration during the second week postweaning seemed more pronounced in the mid small intestine. The association between measurements regarding faeces consistency and small intestinal morphology was poor. It was concluded that the effect of the weaning induced low energy intake is in general more pronounced than the effect of diet composition on small intestinal integrity.
Irrigating new avocado orchards

Efficient water application depends on precise knowledge of water needs and use by trees.Trials on Haas and Reed avocados determined monthly water requirements of drip- and sprinkler-irrigated orchards.In a study of young avocado orchards, water requirements in both drip- and sprinkler-irrigated fields were recorded.
Behavioural, biochemical and neurocytoarchitechural impact of MDMA in male adolescent mice

Neurotoxicity of 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is still controversially discussed. MDMA is an amphetamine derivative that has gained significant popularity in recent years and has become the recreational drug of choice for many young, adolescents and adults. This study sought to investigate that MDMA causes a behavioral, biochemical and neurocytoarchitechural change in male adolescent mice. Fifteen adolescent male mice were used for this study. They were randomly divided into 3 groups, of five mice each, control group received normal saline (Ctrl), 5 mice received 10 mg/kg of MDMA, s.c (LoD) and another 5 mice received 20 mg/kg of MDMA, s.c (HiD). The animals were subjected to behavioural tests to check their motor activity. Biochemical analysis to test for the level of catalase and monoamine oxidase activity was also done. The motor activity of animals treated with 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg of MDMA was significantly (p < 0.05) lower when compared with the control. Likewise, there was a reduction in the catalase and monoamine oxidase activity in the treated groups. In the cerebellum, cellular distortion was seen in the treated group. It could be concluded that MDMA affects the motor activity of the treated animals and thus cause an alteration in the neurocytoarchitechure, catalase and monoamine oxidase activities of the animals. Keywords : MDMA, Motor function, Hippocampus, Cerebellum, Biochemical.
Development of a Robust and Reproducible Method for the In Vitro Cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes for Mosquito Infectivity Studies

In vitro gametocytogenesis is a prerequisite for studying the sexual stages of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Procedures for the high-yield production of P. falciparum gametocytes stages I to V, and for artificially triggering male gametogenesis which is the next step of the life cycle inside the mosquito vector, are described. Gametocytes of P. falciparum are established from continuously maintained cultures of asexual blood stage parasites. In order for gametocytes to comprise a substantial proportion of parasitized erythrocytes, it is necessary for asexual stage parasites to reach a high density and become stressed in vitro before conversion to gametocyte production. This occurs typically 6-8 days after the dilution of a culture. Gametocytes then require at least a further 8 days to reach maturity. Cultures for gametocyte production are therefore maintained for a minimum of 14 days without further dilution with fresh uninfected erythrocytes in order to obtain a large proportion of mature and infectious gametocytes. We routinely perform gametocyte feeds to mosquitoes using cultures propagated continuously for the preceding 14-17 days. Here, a robust and reliable method for production of high levels of infectious gametocytes is described. This is evidenced by the demonstration of the in vitro transformation of male gametocytes into gametes by the process of exflagellation.
Orf protein modulates phage and bacterial pathways of genetic recombination

The emergence of novel pathogenic organisms due to the acquisition of virulencedeterminants from bacteriophages has generated significant interest in the pathways responsible for genomic rearrangements. Phage λ encodes its own recombination system, the Red system, comprising Exo, β and γ proteins. In addition, A encodes another recombinase, Orf, which participates in the initial stages of genetic exchange and supplies a function equivalent to that of the Escherichia coli RecFOR proteins. This thesis focuses on determining the function of Orf in phage and bacterial recombination pathways by analysing its impact on recombinases encoded by λ and E. coli. Experiments revealed that Orf interacts with bacterial and phage recombination proteins in the initial exchange step of recombination, modulating the activities of both Exo and RecA. Orf, along with β, attenuates the 5'-3' exonuclease activity of Exo, a feature that depends largely on the ability of Orf to bind DNA. Orf also facilitates loading of RecA onto ssDNA pre-coated with SSB but only if a ssDNA:dsDNA intersection is incorporated in the substrate. A motif similar to that found at the BRCA2-Rad51 interface may be responsible for Orf mimicking a RecA monomer to initiate nucleoprotein filament formation. Significantly, this would direct recombination down the bacterial RecA pathway of break restoration rather than the phage Red pathway with potentially important consequences for the outcome of the ~xchange reaction.
Indução de calos friáveis em explantes foliares e segmentos nodais de pau-ferro (Caesalpinia ferrea)

Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. , e uma especie arborea que ocorre na Amazonia, muito utilizada contra bronquites, reumatismo e ulceras gastricas. Estudos recentes revelam que o principio ativo denominado de Pau-ferrol A encontrado em plântulas jovens apresenta atividade contra a topoisomerase II humana. Objetivou-se com este trabalho obter calos friaveis em explantes foliares e segmentos nodais para estudos posteriores em embriogenese somatica. Avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes concentracoes de 2,4-D e ANA isoladamente ou em combinacao com BAP e TDZ na calogenese. Nossos resultados demonstraram que ambos os tipos de explantes selecionados apresentaram diferencas significativas (p<0,05) na inducao, morfologia e coloracao dos calos. A inducao maxima de calos (90%) foi obtida a partir de explantes de segmentos nodais cultivados em meio MS suplementado com 1,0 mg L-1 de 2,4-D e 5,0 mg L-1 de TDZ, mantendo os explantes em condicao de fotoperiodo de 16 horas por 30 dias com temperatura de 25°C±2°C. Os resultados obtidos de calogenese de C. ferrea possibilitam estudos futuros na area de embriogenese somatica.
Internship program: a study on students' satisfaction.

There is a current scenario where many hospitality courses’ graduates are quite skeptical to join the industry once they have graduated. It is believed that this phenomenon is because the graduates endured hardship during their internship program thus changing their perception towards the industry. This will give an adverse effect to the industry as the students are not satisfied with the program. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between motivator and work experience towards the satisfaction of students after undergone their internship program. A total of 93 respondents were involved in this study. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relationship between the variables. The findings revealed that all the factors are significantly related with the students’ satisfaction towards the internship program. Both motivator, r=0.584, n=93, p <. 05 and work experience factor, r=0.575, n= 93, p<. 05 have moderate positive relationship. Hence, this study is very beneficial to educational institutes in preparing a better curriculum that may be referred by participating organization (in preparing a better internship program to the students) as to give better satisfaction towards the internship program.
Application of modified Laffer Curve in the Marriage Market using Exit Costs

Application of modified Laffer Curve in the Marriage Market using Exit Costs The economics literature that deals with the exit costs of marriage has considered primarily the shift from mutual consent divorce to unilateral divorce and has not provided a larger, overall picture of the marriage market under various exit conditions. This paper proposes that a modified Laffer Curve macro model of marriage and divorce provides the best overall picture of the marriage market under various exit scenarios.
The future self.

Many decisions require making tradeoffs between the present and the future. Although a variety of perspectives have been applied to study these intertemporal trade-offs, in this chapter we will focus on research that examines how thoughts about one’s future self affect decisions with delayed consequences. To do so, we will discuss three theoretical perspectives on the future self: the future self as another, continuity between selves, and failures of imagination. Throughout, we examine the myriad considerations that influence decisions made on behalf of the future self in many domains (including finance, health, ethical decision-making, and child development) as well as interventions that have been found to change the way that people think about the future self and potentially promote more prudent behavior. We close by proposing several questions for future research.
Biogeographical history and diversification of Petunia and Calibrachoa (Solanaceae) in the Neotropical Pampas grassland

The Pampas in the southern Neotropics is a vast region with vegetation composed mainly of grasses, and it may be the least-studied ecosystem in southern South America. Contrary to what was thought until recently, this region is heterogeneous and harbours rich biodiversity and many endemic species; however, little is known about the current geographical distribution and evolution of its plants. Here, we present results from phylogeographical studies on two genera typical of open environments (Petunia and Calibrachoa) that occur in both the Pampas and the high-altitude grasslands of southern Brazil. The rapid radiations of Petunia and Calibrachoa are examples of how strong selective pressures for different pollinators, coupled with adaptation to edaphic and climatic differences, may drive the diversification of plants in the Pampas. We also discuss factors that could have affected and driven the diversification and speciation of plants in this environment. Further studies, including some focusing on other taxa, are required to characterize the diversification of plant species in this region more accurately. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.
Memory in Paediatric Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common form of epilepsy and is frequently associated with memory and learning impairments. Medically intractable and lesion-based TLE occurs in 20-30% of the patients, in which case a surgical intervention is proposed. However, there is a clear gap in knowledge about pre-operative memory status in children undergoing surgery and post-operative memory outcome. It is unclear whether paediatric patients show material-specific memory impairments associated with side of pathology and whether specific memory processes are affected more than others, i.e. learning, recall and recognition. Lastly, as opposed to language lateralisation, the neural representation of memory is unknown and memory fMRI has never been explored in paediatric TLE. The aim of this project is therefore to investigate the hippocampal-neocortical network that is at risk of compromise given learning and recall deficits in paediatric TLE at the pre-operative level in order to contribute to the prediction of outcome after surgery. I developed a neuropsychological protocol and a neuroimaging protocol for the investigation of pre-operative memory functions. The neuropsychological protocol is a tablet-based version of a paired-associate learning paradigm that allows comparisons between verbal and non-verbal memory. I validated this protocol in normally-developing children (N=130, 8-18 years). The neuroimaging protocol is a combined language and memory fMRI task that allows the investigation of the interaction between the two networks within one scanning session. This protocol was also validated in normally-developing children (N=28, 8-18 years). The feasibility of these protocols for clinical assessments was explored in a representative sample of children with TLE who were being considered for surgery (N=6, 12-18 years). These protocols add value to the diagnosis of memory impairments associated with paediatric TLE and provide a better understanding of pre-operative memory profile at the individual level. The findings also contribute towards the use of memory fMRI in the surgical decision-making process. Combining information from these protocols could provide prognostic indicators of outcome after surgery.
Atlas of descriptive embryology

1. Gametogenesis. 2. Fertilization. 3. Worm Development. 4. Echinoderm Development. 5. Chordate Development. 6. Amphibian Development. 7. Avian Development. 8. Mammalian Development. 9. Human Reproduction. Credits. Glossary, Synopsis of Development and Index.
FIRST RECORDS OF CILIATE SUCTORIAN EPIBIONTS ON HYDRAENA (COLEOPTERA) FROM SOUTH KOREA

In the course of a recent survey of South Korea, a two species of suctorian ciliates, i.e., Urnula turpissima Kormos, 1958 and Periacineta hydrochi (Matthes, 1954), attached on water beetles of the genus Hydraena (Hydraenidae, Coleoptera), were collected and reported for the first time for South Korea. Periacineta hydrochi is reported for the first time after its original description.
Metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses to an exogenous lactate infusion during rest and exercise: "The Lactate Clamp"

ABSTRACT To evaluate the hypothesis that precursor supply limits gluconeogenesis (GNG)during exercise we examined training induced changes in glucose kinetics (rates ofappearance (Ra), and disappearance (Rd)), oxidation (Rox), and recycling (Rr) with anexogenous lactate infusion to 3.5-4.0 mM during rest and to pre-training 65% V · O 2 peaklevels during exercise. Control and clamped trials (LC) were performed at rest pre- (P R R,P R R-LC) and post-training (P O R, P O R-LC), and during exercise pre- (P R E X ) and post-training at absolute (P O A B , P O A B -LC) and relative (P O R L , P O R L -LC) intensities. GlucoseRr was not different in any rest or exercise condition. Glucose Ra did not differ as aresult of LC. Glucose Rox was significantly decreased with LC at P O R (0.38±0.03 vs.0.56±0.04 mg/kg/min) and P O A B (3.82±0.51 vs. 5.0±0.62 mg/kg/min). Percent ofGlucose Rd oxidized decreased with all LC except P O R L -LC (P R R, 32%; P R R-LC, 22%;P O R, 27%; P O R-LC, 20%; P O
Tracing the Impact of a Sudden Stop: The Role of Bank Rollover Risks, Expectations, and Domestic Production Networks

How does a sudden stop affect the local supply of credit by domestic banks? To answer this question, we study the Turkish credit register around Lehman. We find that the credit supply channel during a sudden stop works through not only banksi? ½ ex-ante level of reliance on foreign funding (as is often documented in extant research), but also the difficulty of banks in rolling over their maturing foreign debt (which we capture by remaining maturity of and premium on their foreign funding), and for banks with ex-ante more optimistic exchange rate expectations, their holding of ex-ante riskier loan portfolios. Our research thereby uncovers the latter two channels as a significant source of amplification in contracting credit supply during a sudden stop.
Pacific Equatorial Sea Surface Temperature Variation During the 2015 El Niño Period Observed by Advanced Very-High-Resolution Radiometer of NOAA Satellites

El Niño is the largest fluctuation in the climate system, and it can lead to effects influencing humans all over the world. An El Niño occurs when sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean become substantially higher than average. We investigated the change in sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean during the El Niño period of 2015 and 2016 using the advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR) of NOAA Satellites. We calculated anomalies of the Pacific equatorial sea surface temperature for the normal period of 1981–2010 to identify the variation of the 2015 El Niño and warm water area. Generally, the warm water in the western tropical Pacific Ocean shifts eastward along the equator toward the coast of South America during an El Niño period. However, we identified an additional warm water region in the Niño 1+2 and Peru coastal area. This indicates that there are other factors that increase the sea surface temperature. In the future, we will study the heat coming from the bottom of the sea to understand the origin of the heat transport of the Pacific Ocean.
Studies on cytotoxicity induced by DES and SA in Vicia faba var. major.

The effect of diethyl sulphate (DES) and sodium azide (SA) was studied on the meiotic behaviour of Vicia faba L. var. major in the M1 generation. Five concentrations of SA (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, and 0.05%) were combined with DES (0.02%) to study the synergistic and antagonistic effects of these 2 mutagens. A dose-dependent increase in chromosomal aberrations was recorded in populations treated with both the mutagens individually and their combination doses. The main chromosomal aberrations were stickiness, precocious separations, univalents, multivalents, laggards, unequal separations of chromosomes, micronuclei, disturbed polarity, multinucleate condition, and cytomixis. The stickiness and stray bivalents at metaphase I/II, bridges with or without fragments at anaphase I/II, disturbed polarity, and cytomixis at telophase I/II were the dominant anomalies. The univalents, rod bivalents, and multivalents showed dose-dependent increases, whereas the ring bivalents and chiasma frequency per cell showed dose-dependent decreases both in single as well as in combined mutagenic treatments as compared to the control.
Soybean breeding (Glycine max [L.] Merril) for the Colombian Altillanura: a prospective and conceptual view

Agronomía Colombiana 28(2), 155-163, 2010 Corpoica han permitido avances significativos en materia de recursos genéticos con adaptación específica y recomendaciones técnicas para la producción (Valencia y Leal, 2004), que han permitido mejorar el potencial productivo de estas sabanas. La soya ha sido una de las especies de alta relevancia en estos estudios como cultivo fundamental de los esquemas rotacionales de los sistemas de producción.
Clasificación de modelos tridimensionales no rígidos mediante redes neuronales convolucionales y descriptores espectrales

In recent years, the scientific interest towards 3D models analysis has become more popular. The advancement of technology and the appearance of new devices to capture 3D data has made this possible. In this thesis, an algorithm to solve the classification problem in non-rigid 3D models is proposed. In other words, the task is to determine the class an input object belongs to. To this mean, an algorithm based on the detection of key points, the use of spectral descriptors and deep learning techniques is developed. The main contribution of this work is an algorithm that will help during classification tasks, which shows robustness by considering the different kind of transformations or deformations that input 3D objects might have. The results are evaluated and analyzed using the Non-Rigid Classification Benchmark SHREC 2011, which contains various classes of 3D models. Furthermore, the proposal was compared against state-of-the-art methods, showing promising results. We obtain a better accuracy for the first dataset split, with values of 91 %. For the second split, the 95 % is reached. Our results show robustness against transformations like isometries, Gaussian noise, holes, microholes, scaling, sampling and shotnoise.