Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A single mass two-axis capacitive MEMS accelerometer with force rebalance

This paper presents a single mass 2-axis MEMS capacitive accelerometer with a unique force rebalance method achieved with the readout circuit developed for the simultaneous 2-axis acceleration sensing. Using a single mass structure with extra fingers for reading multiple axes allows better sensor performances when compared to multi-axis accelerometers with individual proof masses occupying the same die area. Test results show 274 mV/g scale factor for x-axis, and 280 mV/g scale factor for y-axis, while the cross-axis sensitivity for x-axis is calculated as 3.4 mV/g (% 1.26), and the cross-axis sensitivity for y-axis is -3.9 mV/g (% 1.4). Additionally, the bias instability values are measured as 22 μg and 23 μg, and the velocity random walk values are determined as 9. 8μg/ √Hz and 9.9 μg/ √Hz for x and y axes, respectively. This sensing and readout approach can easily be adapted to achieve a high performance single mass 3-axis accelerometer in a small die area.
Generating Graphs Uniformly at Random in User-Specified Domains PhD Project Proposal

This project will contribute to the departmental research theme Critical Systems in that it develops a method for generating (black-box) test data with a uniform distribution guarantee for programs working on graph-like structures. This includes test data for classical graph algorithms but also, for example, pointer-data structures for testing C programs. The uniform distribution ensures that the space of possible inputs for a critical algorithm is fairly covered, independently of the number of test graphs required by the user. The hallmark of this project will be that generated graphs are uniformly distributed in a user-specified domain with properties relevant to an application. For example, the application domain may be restricted to acyclic graphs, certain forms of trees, or pointer-data structures such as cyclic lists. Available graph generators lack the highly desirable feature of generating graphs within an application-specific domain. But there exist random string generators which generate strings uniformly at random within a user-defined context-free language. The goal of this project is to develop algorithms that generate graphs uniformly at random within a user-defined graph class. The graph class may be defined by a context-free graph grammar [3], a graph reduction system or even by a graph program [5]. In the undergraduate project [2], a tool has been implemented which produces random graphs over context-free graph grammars by adapting the method of [4] from strings to graphs. The user specifies a hyperedge-replacement grammar [3] together with a size range, and the tool generates a sequence of random graphs from the language of that grammar. The point of this generator is that users can specify the shape of the graphs to be generated by means of the graph grammar. For example, one may want to generate flow graphs or logical circuits only. The applicability of [2] is limited in that it requires an unambiguous input grammar in order to achieve a uniform distribution. As practical examples of graph grammars are often ambiguous, many isomorphic copies of already generated graphs may be produced for such grammars. In contrast, the approach of [6, 1] generates strings uniformly at random over possibly ambiguous context-free string grammars. The goal of this PhD project is to adapt this method to context-free graph grammars and other graph generating formalisms. In addition, the generation algorithm should be generalized to generate graphs randomly with some selected non-uniform distributions (such as the Poisson distribution) which are suitable for certain applications.
The role of glimepiride in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Importance of the field: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly prevalent throughout the world; controlling glycemia is an important part of preventing serious complications of diabetes. Sulfonylureas have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes for many years. Areas covered in this review: This article reviews the pharmacological and clinical aspects of glimepiride, a second-generation sulfonylurea. Literature search was conducted in PubMed, and articles selected for relevance to pharmacology or clinical efficacy data from 1994 to 2009, with older references sought as indicated. What the reader will gain: Pharmacology of glimepiride, data regarding clinical efficacy, key comparisons to other agents and emerging concepts related to glimepiride are discussed. Take home message: Therapy with glimepiride improves the relative insulin secretory deficit found in T2DM, has antihyperglycemic efficacy equal to other secretagogues with reduced potential for hypoglycemia and may have additional actions contributing to glycemic control in T2DM.
Proteomic Analysis of Different Mutant Genotypes of Arabidopsis Led to the Identification of 11 Proteins Correlating with Adventitious Root Development1[W]

A lack of competence to form adventitious roots by cuttings or explants in vitro occurs routinely and is an obstacle for the clonal propagation and rapid fixation of elite genotypes. Adventitious rooting is known to be a quantitative genetic trait. We performed a proteomic analysis of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in their ability to develop adventitious roots in order to identify associated molecular markers that could be used to select genotypes for their rooting ability and/or to get further insight into the molecular mechanisms controlling adventitious rooting. Comparison of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis protein profiles resulted in the identification of 11 proteins whose abundance could be either positively or negatively correlated with endogenous auxin content, the number of adventitious root primordia, and/or the number of mature adventitious roots. One protein was negatively correlated only to the number of root primordia and two were negatively correlated to the number of mature adventitious roots. Two putative chaperone proteins were positively correlated only to the number of primordia, and, interestingly, three auxin-inducible GH3-like proteins were positively correlated with the number of mature adventitious roots. The others were correlated with more than one parameter. The 11 proteins are predicted to be involved in different biological processes, including the regulation of auxin homeostasis and light-associated metabolic pathways. The results identify regulatory pathways associated with adventitious root formation and represent valuable markers that might be used for the future identification of genotypes with better rooting abilities.
The effect of income on use of preventive care: an evaluation of alternative explanations.

Three alternative explanations for the effect of income on use of physician services for preventive care are evaluated. Path analysis is used to estimate the direct effect of income on use (the financial constraint explanation), the indirect effect of income through health beliefs (the culture of poverty explanation), and the indirect effect through the availability of a usual source of care (the system barrier explanation). Data for the analysis are from household interviews with 781 adult residents of Washtenaw County, Michigan. A general model of utilization of preventive health services is proposed that incorporates all three explanations. Path coefficients are estimated, and the direct and indirect effects of income on use are compared. The data reveal a negligible direct effect of income on preventive use, a positive indirect effect through perceived susceptibility to illness (one operationalization of the culture of poverty explanation), and a positive indirect effect through usual source of care. These findings are consistent with other recent research on the effect of income on health services utilization and contribute to a growing body of evidence which suggests that changes in the health care delivery system may be necessary if we are to achieve equity in the utilization of preventive care services.
Herlina Jusuf : Cox Proportional Hazard Model with Multivariate Adaptive Regresion Spline

Events related to the survival time always happens in everyday life, one of which is time duration that need to recover from illness. Time that we need until the event happened is called survival data. Generally, not all of survival data can be observed and it is called data censored. One of statistical method that can be used to analyze and determine the survival rate of survival data is the cox proportional hazard models. In its development, the residuals of the cox proportional hazard (Cox PH) model can be used as response variable for regression function. The relationship between response variable and predictor variables often is not known the function of regression. So we are needed nonparametric regression. One of method nonparametric regression that can be used is Multivariate Regression Adaptive Spline (MARS). In this study, survival analysis is focused on the patients of HIV/AIDS which is a deadly disease. To determine survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients is used a hazard function and survival function with time duration patient stayed as variable. To know the other factors of the survival of HIV/AIDS patient is used Cox PH Models with MARS approach. The results showed that gender is one factor in the survival of HIV/AIDS patients, and treatment compliance, employment status, CD4 count, age and educational level.
Time to Event Analysis in the Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Industries

Time to event analysis, often referred to as survival analysis, is standard in many industries to evaluate clinically meaningful time to event outcomes, such as time to implant failure or death. In addition to this analysis being widespread, specific needs are varied based on the industry and require software with the ability to generate the required results as well being flexible and easy to use. Some examples of the current industry need for time to event analysis includes survival analysis for human subjects in a clinical trial environment, time to failure analysis in both cardiac stent and orthopedic device implantation, time to death toxicology profile for a dose level study in preclinical studies. With this great need for reliable measures to make risk/benefit assessment in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries there is a corresponding great need for software applications for analysts and clinicians. This presentation is an application which illustrates how SAS macro processing can be used with the statistical procedures of LIFETEST and PHREG to provide the flexibility needed for time to event analysis. This application further can be used to illustrate how SAS data step processing can be used for data preparation and graphics production in two different scenarios of time to event analyses. This presentation will be most valuable for experienced SAS programmers with exposure to macro processing.
Heterogeneity in Breast cancer

Breast cancer is malignant tumor occurred on breast epithelial tissue, although the mortality rate of breast cancer decreases, it remains one of the highest mortality rate diseases. Ignoring few exceptions, almost all tumors are derived from one single cancer cell. However, in clinical diagnosis, most human tumors demonstrate amazing heterogeneity in many morphological and physical characteristics. At the molecular level, human breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease in natural history. The combination of molecular origin and malignant cells and the diversity of hosting environment created the tumor subpopulations, which have different phenotypic characteristics. These subpopulations have different responses to the treatment and clinical outcomes. According to the combined affection of genetic and epigenetic instability and therapeutic interventions, different evolutionary routes will be generated thereby caused the inevitable tumor heterogeneity. In this review, the heterogeneous indication of genetic and epigenetic and metastatic as well as the potential causes and their effect for the clinical management of breast cancer were discussed.
Regulation by Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Substrate-1 of α-Galactosylceramide-Induced Antimetastatic Activity and Th1 and Th2 Responses of NKT Cells1

Interaction of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) presented by CD1d on dendritic cells (DCs) with the invariant TCR of NKT cells activates NKT cells. We have now investigated the role of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate-1 (SHPS-1), a transmembrane protein abundantly expressed on DCs, in regulation of NKT cells with the use of mice that express a mutant form of SHPS-1. The suppression by α-GalCer of experimental lung metastasis was markedly attenuated in SHPS-1 mutant mice compared with that apparent in wild-type (WT) mice. The antimetastatic effect induced by adoptive transfer of α-GalCer-pulsed DCs from SHPS-1 mutant mice was also reduced compared with that apparent with WT DCs. Both the production of IFN-γ and IL-4 as well as cell proliferation in response to α-GalCer in vitro were greatly attenuated in splenocytes or hepatic mononuclear cells from SHPS-1 mutant mice compared with the responses of WT cells. Moreover, CD4+ mononuclear cells incubated with α-GalCer and CD11c+ DCs from SHPS-1 mutant mice produced markedly smaller amounts of IFN-γ and IL-4 than did those incubated with α-GalCer and CD11c+ DCs from WT mice. SHPS-1 on DCs thus appears to be essential for α-GalCer-induced antimetastatic activity and Th1 and Th2 responses of NKT cells. Moreover, our recent findings suggest that SHPS-1 on DCs is also essential for the priming of CD4+ T cells by DCs.
Take Your VNF to the Gym: A Testing Framework for Automated NFV Performance Benchmarking

A VNF is a software entity to be run in diverse execution environments with variable configuration options and capabilities (e.g., hardware acceleration) impacting performance. NFV resource multiplexed infrastructures can impose hard-topredict relationships between VNF performance metrics (e.g., latency, frame loss), the underlying allocated resources (e.g., units of vCPU), and the overall system workload. Characterized by many-fold platform configuration and environment variables, the evolving scenario of NFV calls for adequate testing methodologies embracing modern continuous development and integration practices and leveraging open source tools and mindset. To this end, we introduce Gym as our proposed testing framework and methodology for automated NFV performance benchmarking. We present our design principles and the outcomes from a practical validation on a vIMS scenario. A discussion of the lessons learned and the overall NFV performance testing landscape are further contributions of this article.
Influence factor analysis of PMSM air gap flux density

PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous machine) has high efficiency and torque. The influence of the air gap flux density on torque and induced EMF is proverbial, thus it is very important to discuss influence factor of PMSM air gap flux density. In relative literatures, however, it has not been reported. This paper analyze the relative factor of influence air gap flux density, and compare SPM (surface mounted permanent magnet) with IPM (interior permanent magnet) machine, then presents applied and intelligible conclusions: the machines air gap flux density is changed with the air gap length varies, the air gap flux density variety of IPM machine is bigger than that one of SPM. To IPM, using non-magnetism shaft is our advice. To SPM, in order to ease fabricate, we suggest use magnetism shaft. To IPM, small pole arc coefficient is suitable; To SPM, however, more bigger pole arc coefficient is necessary. To IPM, the air gap flux density has a suitable value due to the restriction condition of rare earth magnet thickness. To SPM, the restriction condition of rare earth magnet thickness is not existence, the air gap flux density is enhanced with the increase of the rare earth magnet thickness, then it reaches a constant when the rare earth magnet thickness exceed some extent; IPM synchronous machine bears "flux concentration function", when its pole pairs is more than or equal to 3, B/sub /spl delta///B/sub M/ > 1 or 4, B/sub /spl delta///B/sub r/ > 1. To SPM, it has no "flux concentration function".
Ex vivo activity of thalidomide in childhood acute leukemia

Thalidomide is a drug with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-cancer properties that were found to inhibit the production of TNF-α in vitro, stimulate reactive oxygen species production, and inhibit VEGFR in acute leukemias. Ex vivo activity of thalidomide as a single agent and in combination with prednisolone or cytarabine in childhood acute leukemias was analyzed. Forty samples of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 13 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were tested for cytotoxicity by the MTT assay and cell cycle phases by flow cytometry. Control studies were performed on 9 samples of normal lymphocytes and 4 cell lines. A weak anti-leukemic activity of thalidomide against childhood leukemic samples was observed. However, in the presence of thalidomide, cytotoxicity of prednisolone or cytarabine, increased 3.3-fold and 2.7-fold, respectively, in childhood ALL but was not changed in AML. Thalidomide increased apoptosis in lymphoblasts, and modulated cell cycle arrest caused by prednisolone but not cytarabine in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia samples. Thalidomide potentiated ex vivo sensitivity of childhood ALL cells to prednisolone and cytarabine, while no sensitization effect was observed in AML cells.
Dynamic Performance Analysis of Permanet Magnet Synchronous Motors Magnet Synchronous Motors

Unlike conventional synchronous motors, a permanent magnet motor develops considerable break torque during its asynchronous mode of operation. An accurate prediction of the run-up characteristics of these motors is quite important. This paper presents the results of digital computer simulation of the transient performance of P.M. synchronous motors. This is achieved by the numerical solution of the machine dynamic equations including the effects of saturation. A discussion is provided to show the influence of various design parameters on the motor dynamic performances. Finally test results are included also to show the close agreement between calculated and measured results.
Compartments within human primary auditory cortex: evidence from cytochrome oxidase and acetylcholinesterase staining

The human primary auditory area (AI) corresponds to granular cortex located on Heschl’s gyrus. We studied its pattern of cytochrome oxidase and acetylcholinesterase activity in 10 normal human hemispheres. In cytochrome‐oxidase‐stained coronal sections layer IV was prominent by its dark staining. The overall staining intensity varied along the medio‐lateral extent of AI; a 2.0–2.5‐mm‐wide antero‐posterior dark band was present at mid‐AI. In acetylcholinesterase‐stained coronal sections a dark antero‐posterior band appeared at the same location, corresponding to the highly granular part of AI. In cytochrome‐oxidase‐stained tangential sections of flattened AI, ≈ 500‐μm thick alternating dark and light cytochrome oxidase stripes were present in layers III and IV. These stripes were perpendicular to the dark band. Comparison with tonotopic maps of human AI obtained by activation studies suggests that the cytochrome oxidase and acetylcholinesterase dark band is most likely parallel to isofrequency lines and may correspond to the representation of frequencies critical for speech comprehension. The narrow stripes may be related to particular binaural or ampliotopic domains, whose presence is suggested by evidence from electrophysiological recordings in cat AI and from magnetoencephalographic studies in humans.
1-1-2014 Spectral Estimation of Hidden Markov Models

This thesis extends and improves methods for estimating key quantities of hidden Markov models through spectral method-of-moments estimation. Unlike traditional estimation methods like EM and Gibbs sampling, the set of estimation methods, which we call spectral HMMs (sHMMs), are incredibly fast, do not require multiple restarts, and come with provable guarantees. Our first result improves upon the original spectral estimation of hidden Markov models algorithm by estimating the parameters from fully reduced data. We also show that the parameters developed in the fully reduced dimensional version can be estimated using various forms of regression, which can lead to major speed gains, as well as allowing flexibility in the estimation scheme. We then extend the algorithm beyond basic hidden Markov models to latent variable tree structures that have linguistic applications, especially dependency parsing, and finally to hidden Markov models in which the output is a high-dimensional, continuously distributed variable. We show that spectral estimation of hidden Markov models can be factored into two major componentsestimation of the hidden state space dynamics, and estimation of the observation probability distributions. This leads to extremely flexible estimation procedures that can be tailored precisely for the task of interest. These tools are all simple to implement, fast, and naturally incorporate dimension reduction, which allows them to scale gracefully as the dimension of the data increases. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Statistics First Advisor Dean Foster Subject Categories Statistics and Probability This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/edissertations/1423 SPECTRAL ESTIMATION OF HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS
Novel patterns of ultraviolet mutagenesis and Weigle reactivation in Staphylococcus aureus and phage phi 11.

The effects of u.v. irradiation on the survival of Staphylococcus aureus and its phage phi 11 were studied. The recA and uvr mutations affected their survival in a similar way to synonymous mutations in Escherichia coli. Weigle reactivation (W-reactivation) of phi 11 occurred in wild-type S. aureus and in a uvr mutant but to a lesser extent than has been found for phage lambda in E. coli. Reactivation was recA-dependent and was accompanied by u.v. -induced mutagenesis in a temperature-sensitive mutant of phi 11. Bacterial mutation to streptomycin resistance was induced by u.v. and was also recA-dependent. In S. aureus, as in E. coli, u.v. was a more effective mutagen in the uvr genetic background. However, a dose-squared response for u.v. -induced mutation of wild-type and uvr strains of S. aureus to streptomycin resistance, and of a trp auxotroph to tryptophan independence, was found only with u.v. doses below 1 J m-2. We suggest that, in relation to the Uvr mechanism of DNA repair, u.v. mutagenesis in S. aureus involves both repairable and non-repairable lesions. As in E. coli, the uvr genetic background reduced the u.v. dose required for maximal W-reactivation of u.v. -irradiated phage. However, there was no enhancement of W-reactivation by post-irradiation broth incubation of S. aureus. Our results are compatible with a non-inducible mechanism for this phenomenon.