Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lyman-α Absorption towards Nearby Stars as a Diagnostic of the Heliospheric Interface

The heliosphere’s bow shock is where the interstellar wind first encounters the obstacle presented by the solar wind. Models of the heliospheric interaction suggest that the plasma component of the interstellar medium (ISM) should be heated, decelerated, and compressed after crossing the bow shock, and will then be deflected around the heliopause. Through charge exchange processes, the neutral hydrogen atoms in the ISM are also involved in the heliospheric interaction [e.g. Baranov and Malama, 1993, 1995; Zank et al., 1996]. The ISM neutrals are not entirely coupled to the protons, since the mean free path for charge exchange interactions involving neutral H is comparable to the size of the heliosphere. Nevertheless, heliospheric models including neutrals predict that interstellar neutral hydrogen atoms crossing the bow shock should be heated, decelerated, and compressed to an extent similar to that of the protons, even though unlike the protons many neutrals are able to penetrate the heliopause. This region of heated, compressed ISM neutrals in between the bow shock and heliopause has been called the “hydrogen wall” [Baranov et al., 1991]. The UV spectrometers that have operated on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) have actually been able to detect absorption from the hydrogen wall in spectra of the Lyman-α (Lyα) line of neutral hydrogen (H I), thereby providing a unique diagnostic for material in the outer heliosphere.
Chromosome 17: Gene Mapping Studies of Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate in Chinese Families

Objective: Involvement of loci on chromosome 17, including retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) in nonsyndromic oral clefts has been reported in Caucasian populations, although never investigated in Asian populations. The purpose of the present study was to investigate several loci on chromosome 17, including RARA, in Chinese families. Participants: Thirty-six multiplex families (310 individuals), ascertained through nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate surgical probands from hospitals in Shanghai, China, participated in the present study. There were 23 families whose probands had cleft lip and cleft palate (CLP) and 13 with cleft lip alone (CL). Results: Seventeen markers, spanning chromosome 17 and about 10 cM apart were assessed. Logarithm of odds ratio (LOD) scores (two point and multipoint), model-free linkage analyses, and allelic association tests (transmission/disequilibrium, Fisher’s exact tests, and chi-square) were performed on the total family sample, families with CLP probands (CLP subgroup), and families with CL probands (CL subgroup). LOD scores from the two-point analyses were inconclusive. Multipoint analyses rejected linkage except for a few regions in the CL subgroup. However, positive results were found using the model-free linkage and association methods (p , .05). The markers with positive results varied across the CL and CLP subgroups. However, the RARA region and loci nearby yielded consistently positive results. Conclusion: Genetic variation within the RARA locus or nearby appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of nonsyndromic oral clefts in this population. Furthermore, based on the differing pattern of results in the CL versus CLP subgroups, it appears that the formation of CL and CLP is because of either differing alleles at the same genetic locus or different but related (and/or linked) genes that modify the severity and expression of oral clefting.
A Randomized Controlled Study of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning for Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

Both groups were treated with Intravenous saline therapy before contrast exposure. The primary end point was contrast-Induced AKI. Baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups. Mean GFR in ml/min was similar in both groups (RIPC 54.8+/9 ml/min; Control 54.8+/9 ml/min) . Contrast-induced AKI occurred in 19/50 patients in control group and 6/50 in IPC group (p = 0.005). Hemodialysis was required only in control group (4/50) (p = 0.058). 30 day rehospitalization was more in control group (8 / 50) than RIPC group (1/50) (p = 0.01). RIPC was welltolerated without adverse effects.
Comparing The Efficacy Of Local Triamcinolone Injection In Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Three Different Approaches with or without Ultrasound Guidance

Purpose The present article has investigated the added value of ultrasound (US) guidance on improving the efficacy of local triamcinolone injection via comparing two US-guided methods versus a conventional landmark-guided approach. Methods Eighty-one subjects with mild or moderate CTS were included and randomly assigned into three categories including landmark-guided, conventional US-guided midline approach and US-guided ulnar in-plane method. Primarily, participants in the three groups were relatively similar in terms of demographics and their clinical variables comprising visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, pain-free grip strength (PFGS), Boston CTS questionnaire (BCTQ), EDX parameters, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of median nerve measured by ultrasonography. Ten weeks after injection, the changes of clinical and para-clinical outcomes were reassessed for 76 patients who finished the study. Results Our findings showed that all three injection methods were associated with a significant and relatively similar improvement in clinical and electrodiagnostic parameters. The post-injection evaluation showed a statistically significant change in all variables except for symptom severity score (SSS) of BCTQ. The best effect-size values were observed for VAS [56%] and functional severity scale (FSS) of BCTQ [42%], both reported in the US-guided midline group. However, no significant difference was found between the groups regarding their improvement in any of the outcome variables (P value >0.05). Conclusion Based on the current data, all three injection methods were effective in improving electrodiagnostic findings and clinical symptoms of CTS. Although all approaches were relatively similar, US-guided midline approach was associated with slightly better outcomes.
Pelvic and sacral size dimorphism and allometry in two predatory carnivores with different life histories and locomotory adaptations

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) of the wolf and the lynx was evaluated for 15 pelvic and sacral variables in 48 specimens from the Western Carpathians. Our data confirmed small male-biased SSD in the pelvic and sacral bones for both species. We suggest that this can be explained by the need for a compromise between requirements for locomotion and giving birth. We also confirmed that significant differences exist between the species in the size of the pelvic and sacral bones. We discuss our findings in light of the species' different life histories.
On a new family of positive quadrant dependent bivariate distributions

Recently Lai and Xie (Statistics and Probability Letters, 46 (2000) 359-364) using the uniform representation of the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern bivariate distribution introduce and study continuous bivariate distributions possessing positive quadrant dependence (PQD) property with the association parameter contained between 0 and 1. We show that the association parameter in this class allowing the PQD property has a much wide range. Thus the Lai-Xie distributions may be applicable in a greater variety of situations.
FOREST FIRE RISK ZONATION MAPPING AND S FOREST FIRE PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN BALANGODA AREA

Forest fires have become a localized hazard in some areas of Sri Lanka, especially in the study area Balangoda. But the fact is a limited numbers of efforts were taken to control the fires due to lack of risk maps. According to the Disaster Management Center (DMC) throughout the last years it has been reported almost one fire per day nationally. Most tradigical part here is most of fires occur due to anthropogenic activities. This research is focused on three aspects. First is to conduct time series analysis to extract, burn areas within last 10years, second to map the potential of forest fire risk and third to suggest suitable fire preventive measures. Remote sensing, Geographical information system, mathematical model (AHP) and time series analysis is used in this study. Due to several limitations exist, such as; the nature of fires in the study forest area and also the limited no of data, the first aspect is not revealed an appropriate result. However, the second aspect shows that 1.364Square kilometers are potential for fire. Other than using fire break this study has suggested more effective methods which are used worldwide such as; vegetation implementation, firefighting reservoirs and etc. which can be effectively applied to Sri Lanka. KeywordsBurn areas, Risk potential map, preventive measures
The Australian Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications

This paper gives upper and lower bounds on the gap in Jensen’s inequality, i.e., the difference between the expected value of a function of a random variable and the value of the function at the expected value of the random variable. The bounds depend only on growth properties of the function and specific moments of the random variable. The bounds are particularly useful for distributions that are concentrated around the mean, a commonly occurring scenario such as the average of i.i. d. samples and in statistical mechanics.
Using Hyper Parameters in Evolutionary Clustering

Clustering is a technique of grouping of data items under certain criteria. To cope up with the continuously evolving properties of dynamic networks evolutionary clustering is defined which includes the timestamp along with the data to produce sequence of clusters. In the past few years, attraction towards dynamic networks such as information networks and social networks were enormous due to their ubiquity. Earlier, traditional clustering methods [3]were used to summarize the structure of these networks. But it was found that the traditional clustering method does not consider the changes that occur quite frequently[10] in the dynamic networks and it provides only static information.
The Permanent Income Hypothesis An Entry Prepared for the New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics

The Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) is a theory that links an individual’s consumption at any point in time to that individual’s total income earned over their lifetime. The hypothesis is based on two simple premises: 1) that individuals wish to equate their expected marginal utility of consumption across time and 2) that individuals are able to respond to income changes by saving and dis-saving. In this entry, we present the intuition and empirical implications of the PIH in several standard contexts.
An international Comparison of Volatility in Stock Market Returns Prior and Post Global Financial Crisis

The aim of this study is to compare the volatility in stock market returns prior and post global financial crisis. From the VIX, before the crisis, Taiwan’s VIX is evidently higher than that of America’s and Europe’s. While after the crisis, Taiwan’s VIX is mostly lower than that of America’s and Europe’s. In this study, the EGACH model is chosen for analysis. From the EGACH model we can determine two points. First, the Taiwan stock market is mainly influenced by the price information of the preceding day and has a relatively long fluctuation time and is following the high fluctuation cost regardless of before or after the crisis. Second, EURO STOXX 50 and S&P 500 have greater influences before or after the crisis on the negative information of the market prices. TAIEX does not seem to impact the negative information severely.
Continous microwave pasteurization of a vegetable smoothie improves its physical quality

The effect of a pasteurization treatment at 90 ± 2 oC for 35 s, provided by continuous microwave (MW) under different doses (low power/long time and high power/short time) or conventional pasteurization (CP) on the quality of orange-colored smoothies and their changes throughout 45 days of storage at 5 °C were investigated. A better color retention of the MW pasteurization (MWP) treated smoothie using high power/short time than in conventionally-processed sample was evidenced by the stability of the hue angle. The continuous MW heating increased the viscosity of the smoothie more than the CP in comparison with non-treated samples. Lower residual enzyme activities from peroxidase (POD), pectin methylesterase (PME) and polygalacturonase (PG) were obtained under MW heating, specifically due to the use of higher power/shorter time. For this kind of smoothie, PG was the more thermo-resistant enzyme, and could be used as an indicator of pasteurization efficiency. The use of a continuous semi-industrial MW using higher power and shorter time, such as 1,600 W/206 s and 3,600 W/ 93 s, resulted in better quality smoothies and greater enzyme reduction that conventional thermal treatment. Running title: Microwave heating of a smoothie.
Towards Comparability in Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring: On Data and Performance Evaluation

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) comprises of a set of techniques that provide insights into the energy consumption of households and industrial facilities. Latest contributions show significant improvements in terms of accuracy and generalisation abilities. Despite all progress made concerning disaggregation techniques, performance evaluation and comparability remains an open research question. The lack of standardisation and consensus on evaluation procedures makes reproducibility and comparability extremely difficult. In this paper, we draw attention to comparability in NILM with a focus on highlighting the considerable differences amongst common energy datasets used to test the performance of algorithms. We divide discussion on comparability into data aspects, performance metrics, and give a close view on evaluation processes. Detailed information on pre-processing as well as data cleaning methods, the importance of unified performance reporting, and the need for complexity measures in load disaggregation are found to be the most urgent issues in NILM-related research. In addition, our evaluation suggests that datasets should be chosen carefully. We conclude by formulating suggestions for future work to enhance comparability.
Didn't hear that coming: Effects of withholding phonetic cues to code-switching

Abstract Code-switching has been found to incur a processing cost in auditory comprehension. However, listeners may have access to anticipatory phonetic cues to code-switches (Piccinini & Garellek, 2014; Fricke et al., 2016), thus mitigating switch cost. We investigated effects of withholding anticipatory phonetic cues on code-switched word recognition by splicing English-to-Mandarin code-switches into unilingual English sentences. In a concept monitoring experiment, Mandarin–English bilinguals took longer to recognize code-switches, suggesting a switch cost. In an eye tracking experiment, the average proportion of all participants' looks to pictures corresponding to sentence-medial code-switches decreased when cues were withheld. Acoustic analysis of stimuli revealed tone-specific pitch contours before English-to-Mandarin code-switches, consistent with previous work on tonal coarticulation. We conclude that withholding anticipatory phonetic cues can negatively affect code-switched recognition: therefore, bilingual listeners use phonetic cues in processing code-switches under normal conditions. We discuss the implications of tonal coarticulation for mechanisms underlying phonetic cues to code-switching.
CJPS-2016-0376 982..998

Synchrotron techniques are powerful tools in material and environmental sciences; however, they are currently underutilized in plant research. The Canadian Light Source synchrotron at the University of Saskatchewan campus is the only such facility in Canada open to academic, government, and industrial clients. This review introduces the potential of synchrotron-based spectroscopic methods and its applications to agriculture and plant sciences. Relative ease of sample preparation, nondestructive analysis, high spatial resolution, and multiple response measurements within a single sample are among its advantages. Synchrotron-based Fourier transform mid-infrared spectromicroscopy, X-ray absorption, and fluorescence spectromicroscopy are included in the several approaches discussed. Examples range from evaluating protein secondary structure and nondestructive compositional analysis of leaf epicuticular wax and pollen surface lipids to cell wall composition and nutrient analyses. Synchrotron technology can help to initially identify key spectra related to plant properties for subsequent higher throughput techniques. One example is the adaptation of synchrotron techniques for lower resolution analysis in the field such as nondestructive elemental analysis for localization of nutrients in fruit crops using handheld high-throughput devices. In addition, interest in creating high-throughput systems based on synchrotron technology itself is driving the development of new hardware to meet these larger challenges.
Validation of an Axisymmetric Nozzle Flow for Film Cooling Experiments

This report describes experiments with a new axisymmetrical nozzle studying tangential supersonic film cooling in rocket engine like flow conditions. These flow conditions are achieved by a test facility, which was specially designed for this project. The distribution of static pressure and heat flux along the wall in the divergent nozzle section was examined and shows good agreement with the expected behavior and a high reproducibility as well. Additional to the axisymmetrical nozzle, a heating system has been installed for most of the facility parts, which mainly serves to prevent condensation of water vapor on the inner facility walls. Comparisons of measured data to theoretical models allow some conclusion whether the heat transfer from the hot gas to the nozzle wall is laminar or turbulent. For film cooling investigations the focus is on the influence of different blowing ratios as well as different pressure ratios on film cooling effectiveness. Finally, first film cooling results with helium as coolant gas for the new nozzle are presented.
Developing Lexical Complexity in EFL Students’ Essays via Creative Thinking Techniques

This study attempted to investigate the effect of teaching creative thinking techniques on the development of lexical complexity in EFL students’ essays in both timed and untimed conditions. For this quasi-experimental study, 54 female undergraduates of English literature, assigned to two groups of 27 each, were selected from two intact writing classes. In addition to their regular writing class, both groups were taught for 10 extra sessions through an online tool named Padlet. The experimental group (EG) was taught creative thinking techniques and the comparison group (CG) practiced extra process writing activities. Moreover, TOEFL essay questions were administered as pre and posttests. In both timed and untimed essays, three indices of lexical complexity, namely lexical density, lexical sophistication and lexical variation were measured through an automatic analyzing software. Mixed MANOVA showed that practicing creative thinking techniques had a significant effect on improving lexical complexity of EFL students in both conditions. Thus, material developers and EFL writing teachers could benefit from incorporating activities related to these techniques in EFL writing textbooks and also EFL classes, teaching students to develop lexical complexity in their essays.
Design and Characterization of Novel Nanomaterials for Cancer Imaging and Therapy

ii List of Tables . ix List of Figures . x
Analyzing Three Competency Models of Advanced Manufacturing

In this research paper, we present a study in which we analyzed and compared three competency models of manufacturing to assess how well the models visually communicate advanced manufacturing (AM) competencies. Advanced manufacturing covers new industrial processes that improve upon traditional methods in quality, speed, and cost. In addition, the dynamic nature of technology and innovation has made it difficult to find a unified illustration of key advanced manufacturing skills. However, three visual models of manufacturing illustrate various stakeholders’ perceptions of the field and proport to depict the competencies individuals need to join the AM workforce. The three models we analyzed are: U.S. Department of Labor’s Advanced Manufacturing Competency Model, the Society of Manufacturing Engineers’ Four Pillars of Manufacturing Knowledge, and the National Association of Manufacturers-endorsed Manufacturing Skills Certification System. While the content in these models has been validated by governmental, industry, and educational stakeholders, less explored is whether these models, as visual media, are readily understandable by their intended audiences. In this paper, we will provide an in-depth analysis of these models by using the six fundamental principles of visual design by Edward Tufte (2006): comparisons, causality, multivariate analysis, integration evidence, documentation, and content. Taken together, these principles allowed us to explore the fundamental principles of design in each model and distill promising directions for further investigation into more unified depiction of the advanced manufacturing industry sector’s competencies.
Can research infl uence clinical practice?

After briefl y reviewing the unfavourable reception accorded empirical research by parts of the psychoanalytic community, as well as some of the benefi ts to clinical practice of analysts being involved in research activities, the author examines whether the fi ndings of process and outcome research in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis can help identify the most appropriate forms of intervention for producing therapeutic change, given the specifi c condition of the patient and the relationship that the individual establishes with the analyst. He argues that research fi ndings can infl uence clinical practice on various levels and in different areas, and goes on to examine a number of related issues: the specifi city of therapeutic interventions versus the relevance of common curative factors; the dyadic conception of technique and ways of understanding the therapeutic action of the treatment alliance; and the strategic or heuristic conception in psychoanalytic therapy. Finally, the author presents clinical material with the aim of illustrating how the knowledge acquired through research can be applied to psychoanalytic treatment.
Evaluation of Fuel Plate Integrity during a Fuel Assembly Drop Accident Using an Energy Method

Considering the drop height in the pool of a fuel assembly (FA) drop accident during fuel handling, the number of fuel plates (FPs) failed in either the dropping FA or standing FA in the core is estimated using an energy method. By way of balancing the forces among FA weight, buoyance, and hydraulic drag force, the impact velocity of the falling FA is calculated. Equating the kinetic energy to the strain energy stored in an FP, the stress exerted in the FP is obtained and compared with the stress limits to predict the number of failed FPs. The horizontal and vertical drop modes of an FA are taken into consideration. For each case, one FA drop inside or outside the core is considered, respectively. In the case of an FA drop outside the core, the drop height will be the highest, and thus the stress in a plate will be at maximum for both cases of the plate in-plane vertical impact on the floor and in-plane horizontal impact. When an FA drops inside the core, it impacts the fixing bars first at the top of the standing FA in the core. For the conservativeness of the analysis, it was assumed that one of the two fixing bars is directly impacted, and it is evaluated whether this bar can withstand the kinetic energy of the dropping FA. The evaluation shows that none of the FPs failed in the FA drop accidents for all cases considered above. The fixing bar of the standing FA in the core is also predicted to remain intact after being hit by the dropped FA.