Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
solation of UmRrm 75 , a gene involved in dimorphism and virulence of Ustilago

Ustilago maydis displays dimorphic growth, alternating between a saprophytic haploid yeast form and a filamentous dikaryon, generated by mating of haploid cells and which is an obligate parasite. Induction of the dimorphic transition of haploid strains in vitro by change in ambient pH has been used to understand the mechanisms governing this differentiation process. In this study we used suppression subtractive hybridization to generate a cDNA library of U. maydis genes up-regulated in the filamentous form induced in vitro at acid pH. Expression analysis using quantitative RT-PCR showed that the induction of two unigenes identified in this library coincided with the establishment of filamentous growth in the acid pH medium. This expression pattern suggested that they were specifically associated to hyphal development rather than merely acid pH-induced genes. One of these genes, UmRrm75, encodes a protein containing three RNA recognition motifs and glycine-rich repeats and was selected for further study. The ′ stilago maydis UmRrm75 gene contains 4 introns, and produces a splicing variant by a 3 -alternative splicing site within the third exon. Mutants deleted for UmRrm75 showed a slower growth rate than wild type strains in liquid and solid media, and their colonies showed a donut-like morphology on solid medium. Interestingly, although UmRrm75 strains were not affected in filamentous growth induced by acid pH and oleic acid, they exhibited reduced mating, post-mating filamentous growth and virulence. Our data suggest that olved UmRrm75 is probably inv
A Descriptor System Approach to Robust H.. Control and Its Application to Flight Control

This paper investigates the problems of robust Hinfin performance analysis and control synthesis for linear systems, having polytopic type of uncertainties, via the parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. First, via employing a descriptor model transformation of the system, a Hinfin performance criterion in terms of linear matrix inequalities is derived. This Hinfin performance criterion can be adopted for robust controller synthesis as shown. The H infin performance criterion is applied to design flight tracking controller for aircraft dynamic systems with multiple operating points. These results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach
An Automatic Approach of Road Regions Extraction from Satellite Images based on Connected Component Algorithm

: Satellite images provide valuable information for a wide range of applications. They use various spectral bands to recognize a great number of features. High-resolution satellite (HRS) images are able to represent man-made features such as roads and buildings. Roads are the most fundamental structures. We have presented a methodology using image processing and connected component method for automatic extraction of road network from any high resolution satellite image. It is sometimes challenging in the areas having complex scenes. There is an algorithm to extract the manmade features from the image and filtering operations are used to correctly extract out the respective feature i.e. the road network from the image. The proposed system follows various steps consisting of Enhancement, Filtering operations, Segmentation etc. The final extracted road network can be used for the map creation which shortens the human efforts in creating large scale maps and also it is very efficient in time and cost. The method is reliable to implement in real time also and can be applied for the real time development in the field of remote sensing and Geographic Information System including rural and urban development. The algorithm promises to provide good results and helpful in keeping Geographical Information System (GIS) updated with new road databases by reducing the time consumption in producing large scale maps.
THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF MOLECULAR GAS IN PLANET-FORMING ZONES: A CRIRES SPECTRO-ASTROMETRIC SURVEY

We present a spectro-astrometric survey of molecular gas in the inner regions of 16 protoplanetary disks using CRIRES, the high-resolution infrared imaging spectrometer on the Very Large Telescope. Spectro-astrometry with CRIRES measures the spatial extent of line emission to sub-milliarcsecond precision, or <0.2 AU at the distance of the observed targets. The sample consists of gas-rich disks surrounding stars with spectral types ranging from K to A. The properties of the spectro-astrometric signals divide the sources into two distinct phenomenological classes: one that shows clear Keplerian astrometric spectra and one in which the astrometric signatures are dominated by gas with strong non-Keplerian (radial) motions. Similarly to the near-infrared continuum emission, as determined by interferometry, we find that the size of the CO line emitting region in the Keplerian sources obeys a size–luminosity relation as RCO∝L0.5*. The non-Keplerian spectro-astrometric signatures are likely indicative of the presence of wide-angle disk winds. The central feature of the winds is a strong sub-Keplerian velocity field due to conservation of angular momentum as the wind pressure drives the gas outward. We construct a parameterized two-dimensional disk+wind model that reproduces the observed characteristics of the observed CO spectra and astrometry. The modeled winds indicate mass-loss rates of ≳ 10−10 to 10−8 M☉ yr−1. We suggest a unifying model in which all disks have slow molecular winds, but where the magnitude of the mass-loss rate determines the degree to which the mid-infrared molecular lines are dominated by the wind relative to the Keplerian disk surface.
Fitting the von Bertalanffy growth equation to polar bear age–weight data

Heavy sea ice in the Canadian Arctic in the winter of 1973–1974 reduced seal populations; polar bears, preying principally on seals, consequently lost weight. The nature and degree of this weight loss was investigated by examining the parameters of von Bertalanffy growth curves, fitted by direct minimization of a sum of squares using the simplex algorithm of Nelder and Mead. Growth rates were lower for both males and females tagged in 1974–1975 than for bears tagged in 1971–1973. Weights of mature bears were unaffected.
Improving Quality of Vietnamese Text Summarization Based on Sentence Compression

Sentence compression is a valuable task in the framework of text summarization. In previous works, the sentence is reduced by removing redundant words or phrases from original sentence and tries to remain information. In this paper, we propose a new method that used Grid Model and dynamic programming to calculate n-grams for generating the best sentence compression. These reduced sentences are combined to text summarization. The experimental results showed that our method really effective and the text is grammatically, coherence and concise.
Small-Scale Halpha Dynamic Features Supported by Chromospheric Magnetic Reconnection

In the present study, we have investigated morphology and evolution of small-scale Ha dynamic features on the quiet sun by analyzing video magnetograms and high resolution Ha images simultaneously taken for 5 hours at Big Bear Solar Observatory on April 18, 1997. From comparisons between time sequential longitudinal magnetograms and H images covering , several small-scale H dynamic features have been observed at a site of magnetic flux cancellation. A close relationship between such features and cancelling magnetic fluxes has been revealed temporarily and spatially. Our results support that material injection by chromospheric magnetic reconnect ion may be essential in supporting numerous small-scale H dynamical absorption features, being in line with recent observational studies showing that material injection by chromospheric magnetic reconnect ion is essential for the formation of solar filaments.
Top-k Algorithm for User Preferences based on Selection Strategy

In order to deal with multiple user preferences and improve query efficiency, selection strategy is adopted for top-k query to depress the compare operations. Firstly, the kth order statistics are selected randomly along with partitioning the data set basing on it, and the top-k result set can be received after several recursive partitions. Secondly, to select the kth order statistics accurately, the approximate kth order statistics is choose as threshold according to the similarity of user preference and system preference, and the top-k query result set can be accessed through simple comparison. Finally, the time complexities of presented algorithms are analyzed and their correctness and completeness are proved respectively. The experimental results show that our algorithms improve the efficiency of top-k query greatly.
The Potential Role of Marketing in Promoting Free Enterprise in the U.S.: A Study Involving Minor League Baseball and Ticket- Sales Revenue Maximization

The objective of this study is identify key factors that determine the ticket-sales revenue of minor league baseball teams and, in doing so, to verify that marketing strategies can lead to greater success for free enterprise in this milieu. To ensure greater comparability of data between teams and hence greater relevance of the results, this study focuses upon a single grouping of minor league teams, the Carolina League, and a single minor league baseball season, 2006. The minor league teams studied are treated as constrained ticket-sales revenue maximizers. Although certain forms of marketing prove ineffective (2-for 1 beer specials, bands or concerts) in promoting ticket-sales revenue, several marketing tools at the disposal of these minor league teams are found to be highly statistically and financially significant in elevating ticket-revenue sales, including fireworks displays, low-value merchandising, high-value merchandising, and food/drink specials, as well as occasional family discounts and group discounts, suggesting that even in such a constrained environment, the free market works and marketing strategies can promote private enterprise.
Socio-economic differences in university outcomes in the UK: drop-out, degree completion and degree class

There are large socio-economic gaps in higher education participation. But returns to education in the UK derive largely from the attainment of qualifications rather than years of study, and additionally vary by institution, subject and degree class for graduates. This paper provides new evidence on what happens to young people from different backgrounds once they arrive at university, exploring socio-economic differences in drop-out, degree completion and degree class. We find that the large raw differences in university outcomes between individuals from different socio-economic backgrounds can largely be explained by the fact that they arrive at university with very different levels of human capital. Comparing individuals on the same course makes relatively little difference to the remaining socio-economic gaps in university outcomes, with those from higher socio-economic backgrounds still 3.4 percentage points less likely to drop-out, 5.3 percentage points more likely to graduate and 3.7 percentage points more likely to graduate with a first or 2:1 than those from lower socio-economic backgrounds. These findings are in stark contrast to similar analysis by school characteristics (e.g. Crawford, 2014), which shows that, amongst students with the same grades on entry to university, those from worse-performing schools are less likely to drop-out, more likely to complete their degree and more likely to obtain a first or 2.1 than those from better-performing schools. This suggests that it is more challenging for universities interested in using contextual data to inform their admissions policies to predict those with high potential based on socio-economic background than based on school characteristics.
Vision Based Hand Gesture Recognition with Haar Classifier and AdaBoost Algorithm

Gestures play an important role for communication among the human. In the recent years new technologies of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) are being developed to deliver user's command to the robots. Some of them are based on interaction with machines through hand, head, facial expressions, voice and touch. The objective of this paper is to use one of the important modes of interaction i.e. hand gestures to control robot by using Computer Vision. Detection algorithms are based on the machine learning methods such as neural networks, support vector machine, and Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost). Among these methods, AdaBoost based hand-pose detectors are trained with a reduced Haar-like feature set to make the detector robust. The corresponding context free grammar based proposed method gives effective real time performance with great accuracy and robustness for two hand gestures.
A Novel Opportunistic NOMA Scheme for 5G Massive MIMO Multicast Communications

This paper concentrates on the multicast service in the next generation (5G) communications system, and develops an opportunistic massive MIMO-NOMA scheme. The proposed scheme superimposes the signal of Non-orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) users on the multicast signal, and employs successive interference cancellation (SIC) to separate the signal of NOMA users from the multicast signal. This scheme also applies null space based interference cancellation to eliminate the signal leakage generated by other groups. And multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) linear precoding is employed in the unicast group. Numerical results revealed that opportunistic massive MIMO-NOMA system signiﬁcantly satisfies the requirement of high peak spectral efﬁciency in typical massive MIMO scenarios.
A novel distributed MCDS approximation algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Since finding the minimum connected dominating set (MCDS) in an arbitrary graph is a NP-hard problem, many algorithms have been proposed to construct an approximation of the MCDS for efficient routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To address the weaknesses of these existing algorithms, we propose a novel distributed MCDS approximation algorithm, CDS-HG, to construct the connected dominating set (CDS) for WSNs. This algorithm models a WSN as a hierarchical graph and uses a competition-based strategy to select nodes at a certain hierarchical level to route messages for nodes in the next level of the hierarchical graph. Formal analysis and simulation studies show that our CDS-HG algorithm generates smaller CDS sizes while requiring less communication overhead compared with the existing distributed MCDS approximation algorithms. Copyright # 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eyeglasses try-on based on improved poisson equations

In this paper we propose an image-based eyeglasses try-on method, which can be used in e-commerce. The proposed method combines an improved active shape model feature extration algorithm with an image composition algorithm, producing a natural facial image with eyeglasses specified by users. To preserve the color fidelity of the eyeglasses on the resulting image, a new variational model was proposed. The output image was obtained by solving the modified Poisson equations. Experimental results show that the eyeglasses image was blended into the facial image seamlessly, producing natural eyeglasses try-on effects.
Novel 1,3,4-(thiadiazol-2-ylamino) methyl-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiones: synthesis, docking and antimycobacterial testing

In the present study, a novel series of Mannich bases of 3-substituted 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3, 4-oxadiazol-2-thione derivatives were synthesized. Docking study was performed to rationalize the possible interactions between the synthesized compounds and active site of 14DM. The test compounds were screened for antimycobacterial activity using Middlebrook 7H9 medium against M. tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294) as well as Isoniazid (INH) resistant clinical strain. Among the series 5c and 5a are found to be most potent (susceptible) while the compound 5f did not show activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv (resistant). The SAR study reveals the importance of substitutions at para position for good activity.
Daily movement of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in different subtidal habitats in eastern Canada

We measured the movement and orientation of sea urchins at 2 sites in each of 4 habi- tats on urchin barrens in the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence, eastern Canada. We tagged the urchins measuring 25 to 70 mm in test diameter using a non-invasive technique involving a knot of fine monofilament thread tied around one spine. Smaller urchins ( 25-70 mm); however, no effect of size was detectable among large adults measuring from 25 to 70 mm. The increased movement with size was associated with a change in foraging, as gut analysis revealed a marked increase in the proportion of brown algae with increasing size. For large adults, the maximum net distance displaced per day varied among sites from 1.0 to 4.9 m d -1 , and mean dis- placement varied from 0.40 (SE = 0.07) to 1.72 (SE = 0.28) m d -1 . Distance moved also varied with habitat, and was greater in habitats that were further from kelp beds. Orientation was random and individuals showed frequent reverses in direction from day to day. Hunger state did not affect dis- placement, as there was no difference in distance moved between starved and fed urchins which were released in the barrens. However, urchins transplanted from kelp beds to the barrens were less active than urchins removed from and returned to the barrens. The shifts in movement with size are probably important in determining the size structure of urchins at different depths. The great dis- tance covered by larger urchins as they move over open surfaces in search of favourable resources probably leads to their increased numbers in shallow habitats where food is abundant.
Object Detection Using Local Contour and Global Structure Features

In this paper, we propose an approach of object part contour features combination associated with global spatial structure for object detection. The object part contour is described using object contour direction histogram method to model thevariant characters in different shape. Since the edge points are related to the shape information closely, the local shape can often be characterized rather well by the distribution of the edge directions. The Histogram of oriented Gradient (HoG) is used to represent object part. The spatial relations between object parts can be described by global spatial structure. A group ofobject partclassifiers are trained in order to detect the object parts. In detection process, we apply a generalized Hough voting scheme based on global spatial structure to generate object locations and scales. We evaluate the proposed approach on ETHZ object test set. By comparing our proposed method with the conventional method and our previous works, the experimental results show that the proposed approach is efficient and robust in object detection.
Discovering temporal user interest on twitter by using semantic based dynamic interest finding model (TUT)

Social media systems are very popular in today's dynamic web. One of the famous social media systems is Twitter, in which peoples used to share their personal ideas about current issues with their friends. This work focuses on the problem of discovering a user's interest over time on twitter. Previous approaches have used to model the user topic of interest on twitter by building the profile of the users, that contain the words which can be used the user in his or her conversions with other users, but on twitter users used the noisy words which does not represent the correct topics or topic related to interest. This model has extended by a novel framework by using twitter user model. This model uses the latent topic variable to indicate the relatedness of the topic with any user. In this work, we propose a Temporal User Topic (TUT) approach which can consider the text of tweet by any user and time of the tweet. The proposed approach is used to discover topically related Users for different time periods. We also show how the interests and relationships of these users are changeovers a time period.
The Effect of Buffering High Acid Load Meal with Sodium Bicarbonate on Postprandial Glucose Metabolism in Humans—A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study

Background: High dietary acid load relates to increased risk of type 2 diabetes in epidemiological studies. We aimed to investigate whether buffering a high acid load meal with an alkalizing treatment changes glucose metabolism post meal. Methods: Non-diabetic participants (n = 32) were randomized to receive either 1680 mg NaHCO3 or placebo, followed by a high acid load meal in a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover (1–4 weeks apart) study. Thirty (20 men) participants completed the study. Venous blood pH, serum bicarbonate, blood glucose, serum insulin, C-peptide, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations were measured at baseline (fasting) and at 15–30 min intervals for 3 h post meal. Results: The treatment was well tolerated. Venous blood pH declined in the first 15 min post meal with the placebo (p = 0.001), but not with NaHCO3 (p = 0.86) and remained decreased with the placebo for 3 h (pinteraction = 0.04). On average over the 3 h blood pH iAUC was greater with NaHCO3 compared with placebo (p = 0.02). However, postprandial glucose, insulin, C-peptide, NEFA and GLP-1 were not different between treatments (pinteraction ≥ 0.07). Conclusions: An alkalizing medication administered pre-meal has no acute effect on glycaemia and insulin response in healthy individuals. Long-term interventions in at-risk populations are necessary to investigate the effect of sustained alkalization on glucose metabolism.
3D Medical CT Images Reconstruction Based on VTK and Visual C++

In this paper, it is provided to reconstruct three-dimensional(3D) models of human body by using CT slices and digital images and precisely finding locations of pathological formations such as tumours. 3D image CT reconstruction is an attractive field generally in digital image processing techniques, especially in biomedical imaging. It is necessary to incise a 3D object to obtain detail structure information inside in the process of developing 3D medical visualization system. Visual C++ 6.0 with Visualization Toolkit (VTK) toolbox are used to reconstruct 3D images using the CT slice sequence in PAT format. Cuboids that can be controlled to zoom, move or circumrotate by mouse and used for clipping the object of 3D object. Experiment of tooth and foot shows that the technique can realize the real time.
A numerical study of flow field in a flapper-nozzle pilot valve under working condition

It is well known that the flapper-nozzle pilot stage plays a vital role in converting the electric signals into hydraulic outputs between the torque motor and main spool in the electro-hydraulic servo-valve. The characteristics of the flow field greatly influence the working performance of the flapper-nozzle pilot valve. This paper has presented the flow field characteristics in the pilot valve with the flapper under working conditions, which means that the flapper is moving. The velocity of the flapper is imposed based on the dynamic response of the torque motor and spool valve approximately. Meanwhile, the displacement of the flapper is determined using the general design criterion of the servo-valve. During the simulation, the dynamic mesh strategy is utilized to update the moving mesh. Then the simulation results are firstly validated in terms of the mass flow rates of the two nozzles comparing with the theoretical evaluations. The results show that the numerical method is able to predict the flow field of the flapper-nozzle pilot valve under working condition. Finally, the transient velocity field, pressure field and vorticity field are presented. The results prove that the movement of the flapper can result in asymmetric flow field distribution and increase the static pressure and vorticity in the smaller clearance between the flapper and nozzle.