Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How home health nurses plan their work schedules: A qualitative descriptive study

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe how home health nurses plan their daily work schedules and what challenges they face during the planning process. BACKGROUND Home health nurses are viewed as independent providers and value the nature of their work because of the flexibility and autonomy they hold in developing their work schedules. However, there is limited empirical evidence about how home health nurses plan their work schedules, including the factors they consider during the process and the challenges they face within the dynamic home health setting. DESIGN Qualitative descriptive design. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 registered nurses who had >2 years of experience in home health and were employed by one of the three participating home health agencies in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Data were analysed using conventional content analysis. RESULTS Four themes emerged about planning work schedules and daily itineraries: identifying patient needs to prioritise visits accordingly, partnering with patients to accommodate their preferences, coordinating visit timing with other providers to avoid overwhelming patients, and working within agency standards to meet productivity requirements. Scheduling challenges included readjusting the schedule based on patient needs and staffing availability, anticipating longer visits, and maintaining continuity of care with patients. CONCLUSION Home health nurses make autonomous decisions regarding their work schedules while considering specific patient and agency factors, and overcome challenges related to the unpredictable nature of providing care in a home health setting. Future research is needed to further explore nurse productivity in home health and improve home health work environments. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Home health nurses plan their work schedules to provide high quality care that is patient-centered and timely. The findings also highlight organisational priorities to facilitate continuity of care and support nurses while alleviating the burnout associated with high productivity requirements.
Introgression of wild alleles into the tetraploid peanut crop to improve water use efficiency, earliness and yield

The introduction of genes from wild species is a practice little adopted by breeders for the improvement of commercial crops, although it represents an excellent opportunity to enrich the genetic basis and create new cultivars. In peanut, this practice is being increasingly adopted. In this study we present results of introgression of wild alleles from the wild species Arachis duranensis and A. batizocoi improving photosynthetic traits and yield in a set of lines derived from the cross of an induced allotetraploid and cultivated peanut with selection under water stress. The assays were carried out in greenhouse and field focusing on physiological and agronomic traits. A multivariate model (UPGMA) was adopted in order to classify drought tolerant lines. Several lines showed improved levels of tolerance, with values similar to or greater than the tolerant control. Two BC1F6 lines (53 P4 and 96 P9) were highlighted for good drought-related traits, earliness and pod yield, having better phenotypic profile to the drought tolerant elite commercial cultivar BR1. These lines are good candidates for the creation of peanut cultivars suitable for production in semiarid environments.
Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation by Iteratively Mining Common Object Features

Weakly-supervised semantic segmentation under image tags supervision is a challenging task as it directly associates high-level semantic to low-level appearance. To bridge this gap, in this paper, we propose an iterative bottom-up and top-down framework which alternatively expands object regions and optimizes segmentation network. We start from initial localization produced by classification networks. While classification networks are only responsive to small and coarse discriminative object regions, we argue that, these regions contain significant common features about objects. So in the bottom-up step, we mine common object features from the initial localization and expand object regions with the mined features. To supplement non-discriminative regions, saliency maps are then considered under Bayesian framework to refine the object regions. Then in the top-down step, the refined object regions are used as supervision to train the segmentation network and to predict object masks. These object masks provide more accurate localization and contain more regions of object. Further, we take these object masks as initial localization and mine common object features from them. These processes are conducted iteratively to progressively produce fine object masks and optimize segmentation networks. Experimental results on Pascal VOC 2012 dataset demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods by a large margin.
Poverty, Weight Status, and Dietary Intake among UK Adolescents

The aims of this study were to (1) determine whether an income gradient to overweight and obesity exists in UK adolescents, and (2) examine associations between poverty, weight status, and dietary intake among adolescent girls and boys. Data is from wave six of the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Adolescent height and weight were measured. Body mass index was calculated (kg/m2) and used to classify overweight and obesity. Family income and poverty were determined using equivalised household income. Adjusted logistic and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted. Ten thousand seven hundred thirty-six adolescents (5425 boys) had complete data. Adolescents in the lowest income group were at greatest risk of overweight and obesity. Adolescents living in poverty were more likely to be overweight and obese, and reported more frequent consumption of sweetened drinks and fast food and less frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables (p < 0.001). The magnitude of poverty differences in weight status and dietary intake were greatest among girls. This study evidences a strong income gradient to overweight and obesity among UK adolescents. The findings of this study encourage researchers and policy makers to be equally mindful of the social determinants of health when advocating adolescent behavioural dietary interventions.
A Knowledge Management Approach to Identify Victims of Human Sex Trafficking

Social media and the interactive Web have enabled human traffickers to lure victims and then sell them faster and in greater safety than ever before. However, these same tools have also enabled investigators in their search for victims and criminals. We used system development action research methodology to create and apply a prototype designed to identify victims of human sex trafficking by analyzing online ads. The prototype used a knowledge management approach of generating actionable intelligence by applying a set of strong filters based on an ontology to identify potential victims. We used the prototype to analyze a data set generated from online ads. We used the results of this process to generate a revised prototype that included the use of machine learning and text mining enhancements. We used the revised prototype to identify potential victims in a second data set. The results of applying the prototypes suggest a viable approach to identifying victims of human sex trafficking in online ads.
Relational Turbulence in College Dating Relationships: Measurement, Construct Validity, and Comparison to Marriage

Dating relationships contribute to the development and well-being of college students, in part because they encompass both rewards and challenges. Relational turbulence theory (RTT) explains variation in the experience of positive and negative episodes in romantic relationships. This study evaluates measures and hypotheses derived from RTT within a college dating sample and compares results to those obtained from married individuals. Results show that relational uncertainty, interdependence, and relational turbulence are both related to and distinct from other qualities of relationships, and they also correlate with self-report measures of cognitions, emotions, and communication. Conclusions highlight differences between dating versus married relationships.
The kindness of strangers: soldiers, surgeons, civilians, and conflict intimacies in the American Civil War

ABSTRACT America’s Civil War is often identified as the instigator of a new, industrial discipline that replaced the individualism of the antebellum era. Its traditional narrative trajectory is one of consolidation and cooperation that emphasizes the emergence of order from the chaos of conflict and the ordering of idealized, individual masculine bodies in the service of an equally glorified national body. This article complicates contemporary assumptions pertaining to gender, martial manhood, and national health in a wartime context. Juxtaposing the reports produced by Draft Board doctors in the later years of the conflict against a selection of nursing memoirs, it examines the ways in which elite assumptions about national health and military preparedness were challenged by the intimate realities of the war. It explores the tensions revealed through the federal draft between voluntarism and coercion, and the resultant shift from intimacy to estrangement in the later years of the conflict. It reveals that the points of intimacy between strangers effected by the Civil War were not always positive or supportive. Too often they were controlling confrontations that challenge the national narrative that has for so long pertained in the case of America’s mid-nineteenth century civil conflict.
Long-Term Priming by Three Small Molecules Is a Promising Strategy for Enhancing Late Endothelial Progenitor Cell Bioactivities

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) play a pivotal role in vascular regeneration in ischemic tissues; however, their therapeutic application in clinical settings is limited due to the low quality and quantity of patient-derived circulating EPCs. To solve this problem, we evaluated whether three priming small molecules (tauroursodeoxycholic acid, fucoidan, and oleuropein) could enhance the angiogenic potential of EPCs. Such enhancement would promote the cellular bioactivities and help to develop functionally improved EPC therapeutics for ischemic diseases by accelerating the priming effect of the defined physiological molecules. We found that preconditioning of each of the three small molecules significantly induced the differentiation potential of CD34+ stem cells into EPC lineage cells. Notably, long-term priming of OECs with the three chemical cocktail (OEC-3C) increased the proliferation potential of EPCs via ERK activation. The migration, invasion, and tube-forming capacities were also significantly enhanced in OEC-3Cs compared with unprimed OECs. Further, the cell survival ratio was dramatically increased in OEC-3Cs against H2O2-induced oxidative stress via the augmented expression of Bcl-2, a prosurvival protein. In conclusion, we identified three small molecules for enhancing the bioactivities of ex vivo-expanded OECs for vascular repair. Long-term 3C priming might be a promising methodology for EPC-based therapy against ischemic diseases.
Robust impulsive control of motion systems with uncertain friction

In this paper, we consider the robust set‐point stabilization problem for motion systems subject to friction. Robustness aspects are particularly relevant in practice, where uncertainties in the friction model are unavoidable. We propose an impulsive feedback control design that robustly stabilizes the set‐point for a class of position‐, velocity‐and time‐dependent friction laws with uncertainty. Moreover, it is shown that this control strategy guarantees the finite‐time convergence to the set‐point which is a favorable characteristic of the resulting closed loop from a transient performance perspective. The results are illustrated by means of a representative motion control example. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrical Properties of Junction Structure in Silicon Devices

Semiconductor devices commonly employ junction structures that control carrier transport in various different mechanisms. The resulting junction properties are accessed via Ohmic contacts, and the transport process completes through this contact. It is no exaggeration to say that overall device characteristics are governed by junction properties. In this thesis we have investigated two different aspects of p-n junction structures in silicon devices and their effects on device performances: Ohmic metallization and junction formation. Specifically, we have successfully developed 1) low-loss Ohmic metallization on Si n+-p junction solar cells and 2) a spin-on dopant diffusion process for metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) fabrication. In Si solar cells, junction/contact properties can be characterized by shunt and series resistance. By employing silver/graphene paste for Ohmic metallization on nanostructured emitter surface (n+-doped) we have investigated the effects of series/shunt resistances on solar cell efficiencies. In a MOSFET structure, source and drain regions are doped p-n junctions and are commonly formed by gas-phase diffusion of dopant sources. Spin-on dopant (SOD) is an alternative method of forming diffused junctions, offering certain advantages (such as safety and process simplicity). By employing phosphorous SOD we have formed n+-p junctions on p-Si substrate for source and drain regions. The resulting junction properties were characterized by transfer-length method(TLM). By fabricating n-MOS structure we also demonstrated excellent FET characteristics as measured by device transconductance and carrier mobility.
Dermatillomania: A Case of Excoriation Disorder

1 Kahta State Hospital. *Sorumlu Yazar: Mehmet Hamdi Orum, Kahta State Hospital. , e-mail: mhorum@hotmail.com Abstract Also known as excoriation disorder and skin-picking disorder, dermatillomania is a psychological condition that manifests as repetitive, compulsive skin picking. Repetitive skin picking extends to pulling, squeezing, scraping, lancing, and even biting both healthy and damaged skin from various parts of the body. Herein, we presented a female patient with excoriation disorder.
Chattel or Child: The Liminal Status of Companion Animals in Society and Law

Companion animals in the U.S. are increasingly regarded as members of the family with whom one may share a strong emotional bond. However, despite an evolving social construction that has elevated their status in the dominant culture, companion animals lack meaningful legal rights, and “family member” is a provisional status that can be dissolved at will based on the discretion of the sole rights-holder in the relationship: the human owner. Because they are still defined within the U.S. legal system as property, it is a common lament within the animal protection movement that the law has not kept pace with the emergent cultural perception of companion animals as family or best friends who may occupy a significant place in one’s constellation of interpersonal relationships. But how divergent are the laws that govern our treatment of companion animals from prevailing social norms? This article examines current trends in animal law and society to shed light on this question. I find that while a new family member cultural status is emerging for companion animals in the U.S., their legal status as property is a countervailing force, enabling contradictory practices and beliefs that construct animals as expendable. The fact that their cultural status is in flux in turn reinforces their status under the law. I conclude with proposed policy reforms that will facilitate the integration of companion animals into society as true rather than rhetorical family members.
Prebiotics offered to broiler chicken exert positive effect on meat quality traits irrespective of delivery route

Abstract Elimination of antibiotic growth promoters from poultry production has encouraged intensive search for relevant alternatives. Prebiotics are proposed as efficient replacements to stimulate colonization/expansion of beneficial microflora in chickens. The aim of this study was to deepen the knowledge on the effect of prebiotic administration on slaughter performance and meat quality traits of broiler chickens by evaluating different routes of their delivery (in ovo vs. in‐water vs. in ovo + in‐water). At d 12 of incubation, 1,500 eggs (Ross 308) containing viable embryos were randomly allotted into 4 groups and injected in ovo with 0.2 mL solution containing: 3.5 mg/embryo BI (Bi2tos, trans‐galactooligosaccharides); 0.88 mg/embryo DN (DiNovo, extract of Laminaria spp.); 1.9 mg/embryo RFO (raffinose family oligosaccharides) and 0.2 mL physiological saline (C). All prebiotics increased final BW compared to C group (P < 0.01), irrespective of delivery route. The prebiotics injected in ovo (T1) or in ovo combined with in‐water supplementation (T2) increased carcass weight as compared with in‐water group (T3), while T3 had the lowest carcass yield compared to the other groups. All prebiotics increased breast muscle weight and yield (P < 0.01), as well as fiber diameter (P < 0.05). Ultimate meat pH was lower (P < 0.01) in T3 than in T2 group. Meat from chickens treated with prebiotics showed a lower redness index, while lightness and yellowness were not affected by the treatments. Saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n‐3 fatty acids contents were higher (P < 0.01), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) level was lower (P < 0.01) in prebiotic groups compared with C group. Nutritional indexes (n‐6/n‐3, PUFA/SFA ratio and thrombogenic index) displayed favorable human health‐promoting values in the meat of chickens which were treated with prebiotics, irrespective of delivery route. Muscle cholesterol content was not affected by prebiotics. In conclusion, this study has shown that prebiotics can exert positive effects on growth of broiler chickens, carcass and meat quality traits, irrespective of delivery route.
MMSE Log-Spectral Amplitude Estimator for Multiple Interferences

In this paper we present an algorithm for robust speech enhancement based on an Optimal Modified Minimum Mean-Square Error Log-Spectral Amplitude (OM-LSA) estimator for multiple interferences. In the original OM-LSA one interference was taken into account. However, there are many situations where multiple interferences are present. Since the human ear is more sensitive to a small amount of residual non-stationary interference than to a stationary interference we would like to reduce the non-stationary interference signal down to the residual noise level of the stationary interference. Possible applications for the proposed algorithm are joint speech dereverberation and noise reduction, and joint residual echo suppression and noise reduction. Additionally, we present two possible methods to estimate the a priori Signal to Noise Ratio of each of the interferences.
Evolutionary rates of mammalian telomere-stability genes correlate with karyotype features and female germline expression

Abstract Telomeres protect the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and are essential for cell viability. In mammals, telomere dynamics vary with life history traits (e.g. body mass and longevity), suggesting differential selection depending on physiological characteristics. Telomeres, in analogy to centromeric regions, also represent candidate meiotic drivers and subtelomeric DNA evolves rapidly. We analyzed the evolutionary history of mammalian genes implicated in telomere homeostasis (TEL genes). We detected widespread positive selection and we tested two alternative hypotheses: (i) fast evolution is driven by changes in life history traits; (ii) a conflict with selfish DNA elements at the female meiosis represents the underlying selective pressure. By accounting for the phylogenetic relationships among mammalian species, we show that life history traits do not contribute to shape diversity of TEL genes. Conversely, the evolutionary rate of TEL genes correlates with expression levels during meiosis and episodes of positive selection across mammalian species are associated with karyotype features (number of chromosome arms). We thus propose a telomere drive hypothesis, whereby (sub)telomeres and telomere-binding proteins are engaged in an intra-genomic conflict similar to the one described for centromeres.
Classification of Unvoiced Fricative Phonemes using Geometric Methods

— Phoneme classification is the process of finding the phonetic identity of a short section of a spoken signal. Performances of existing classification techniques are often insufficient, since they rely on Euclidean distances between spectral and temporal features, whereas the relevant features lie on a non-linear manifold. In this work, we propose to integrate into the phoneme classification a non-linear manifold learning technique, namely "Diffusion maps". Diffusion maps builds a graph from the feature vectors and maps the connections in the graph to Euclidean distances, so using Euclidean distances for classification after the non-linear mapping is optimal. We show that Diffusion maps allows dimensionality reduction and improves the classification results.
Comprehensive Safety Analysis of Venetoclax Monotherapy for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Purpose: The oral BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax is an effective therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), including disease with high-risk genomic features such as chromosome 17p deletion [del(17p)] or progressive disease following B-cell receptor pathway inhibitors. Patients and Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the safety of 400 mg daily venetoclax monotherapy in 350 patients with CLL using an integrated dataset from three phase I/II studies. Results: Median age was 66 years and 60% had del(17p). Patients had received a median of three prior therapies (range: 0–15); 42% previously received ibrutinib or idelalisib. Median duration of exposure to venetoclax was 16 months (0–56). In the pooled analysis, the most common adverse events (AE) of any grade were diarrhea (41%), neutropenia (40%), nausea (39%), anemia (31%), fatigue (28%), and upper respiratory tract infection (25%). The most common grade 3/4 AEs were neutropenia (37%), anemia (17%), and thrombocytopenia (14%). With the current 5-week ramp-up dosing, the incidence of laboratory TLS was 1.4% (2/166), none had clinical sequelae, and all of these patients were able to ramp-up to a daily dose of 400 mg. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was manageable with growth factor support and dose adjustments; the incidence of serious infections in these patients was 15%. Ten percent of patients discontinued venetoclax due to AEs and 8% died while on study, with the majority of deaths in the setting of disease progression. Conclusions: Venetoclax as a long-term continuous therapy is generally well tolerated in patients with R/R CLL when initiated with the current treatment algorithm. Clin Cancer Res; 24(18); 4371–9. ©2018 AACR.