Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of antenatal care on child mortality in Ethiopia: a difference-in-differences analysis

Background This article examines the impact of antenatal care on child health outcome. We specifically investigated if women visits to antenatal care services has a positive effect in the reduction of under-five mortality. Methods We employ a difference-in-differences design with propensity score matching to identify direct causal effects of antenatal care on under-five mortality based on the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey data of 2011 and 2016. Our sample includes 22 295 women between the ages of 14-49 years who have at least one antenatal care visit before delivery (treatment group) or had no antenatal care visit before delivery (control group). Results The study revealed 1 481 cases of reported under-five mortality. 83.7% of that is by women who never had any antenatal care visit while the remaining 16.3% are by women who had at least one antenatal visit during their pregnancy. Antenatal care visit decreases the likelihood of under-five mortality in Ethiopia by 29% (CI = 1.3-56%, P= 0.04). Conclusions To achieve significant reduction in under-five mortality rate, Intervention programs that encourages antenatal care visits should be considered. This will improve child survival and help in attaining sustainable Development Goal target.
A Clinical Feasibility Study of an Artificial Intelligence-Powered Clinical Decision Support System

Objective: We examine the feasibility of an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered clinical decision support system (CDSS), which combines the operationalized 2016 Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments guidelines with a neural-network based individualized treatment remission prediction. Methods: Due to COVID-19, the study was adapted to be completed entirely at a distance. Seven physicians recruited outpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) as per DSM-V criteria. Patients completed a minimum of one visit without the CDSS (baseline) and two subsequent visits where the CDSS was used by the physician (visit 1 and 2). The primary outcome of interest was change in session length after CDSS introduction, as a proxy for feasibility. Feasibility and acceptability data were collected through self-report questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Results: Seventeen patients enrolled in the study; 14 completed. There was no significant difference between appointment length between visits (introduction of the tool did not increase session length). 92.31% of patients and 71.43% of physicians felt that the tool was easy to use. 61.54% of the patients and 71.43% of the physicians rated that they trusted the CDSS. 46.15% of patients felt that the patient-clinician relationship significantly or somewhat improved, while the other 53.85% felt that it did not change. Conclusions: Our results confirm the primary hypothesis that the integration of the tool does not increase appointment length. Findings suggest the CDSS is easy to use and may have some positive effects on the patient-physician relationship. The CDSS is feasible and ready for effectiveness studies.
Supplemental Material: Geochronology of the Wrangell Arc: Spatial-temporal evolution of slab edge magmatism along a flat slab subduction-transform transition, Alaska-Yukon

<div>Item S1: Physiographic aspects of the Wrangell Arc that make bedrock sampling challenging, including scale of eruptive centers and glaciated, rugged, roadless terrain. Item S2: Photomicrographs of representative sand samples from modern rivers showing abundant volcanic lithic grains. Item S3: Modern river sediment sample location information. Item S4: Methods for calculating watershed boundaries, surface area of ice, surficial deposits, and bedrock, and geochronologic samples. Item S5: Summary of surface area of ice, surficial deposits, and bedrock within sampled watersheds. Item S6: <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar and U-Pb analytical details. Item S7: New igneous bedrock <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar fusion data. Item S8: Previously reported igneous bedrock data. Item S9: Detrital cobble-sized <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar (DARL) fusion data. Item S10: Detrital sand-sized <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar (DARL) step-heat data. Item S11: Detrital sand-sized volcanic-lithic <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar (DARL) fusion data. Item S12: Detrital zircon (DZ) U-Pb age data. Item S13: Examples of differences between detrital zircon (DZ) vs. volcanic lithic (DARL) dates. <br></div>
Specific Aspects of Executive Functioning Impacted in HIV and Cocaine Dependence

Background: Our study aimed to understand the effects of HIV and cocaine dependence (CD) on discrete aspects of executive functioning via the Stroop Color-Word Test and the Trail Making Test (TMT). We recruited 101 participants (26 HIV+/CD+; 18 HIV+/CD-; 30 HIV-/CD+; and 27 HIV-/CD-. Methods: We utilized a series of 2 (HIV: yes/no) × 2 (Cocaine: yes/no) ANCOVA’s while controlling for age and premorbid intelligence on the Stroop trials (i.e., color-naming, word reading, interference), and ANOVA’s were used to test for group differences on TMT-A and TMT-B z-scores, the number of errors, and the B/A ratio score. Results: We found a significant main effect of HIV on the Stroop Interference (p = 0.012) and the TMT B/A ratio (p = 0.017), these findings are consistent with difficulties in cognitive flexibility. On the Color-Naming and Interference trials, individuals with CD made significantly more errors than non-users (p = 0.028), demonstrating difficulties with inhibition. Conclusions: Our results show HIV and CD are associated with different underlying cognitive processes which impact overall executive functioning. Understanding the different cognitive factors impacting executive functioning can help formulate tailored treatment recommendations and targeted interventions for people living with HIV and those with cocaine dependence.
Evaluation of Land Potential for Use of Biosolids in the Coastal Mediterranean Karst Region

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of agricultural land in the coastal Adriatic Karst region (Šibenik region, Croatia) for biosolids application by integrating spatial data from different sources: digital maps and remote sensing, parcel identification system, GIS field observations and measurements focusing on specific land and soil properties. Due to the rapid development of the wastewater treatment industry, excessive accumulation of sewage sludge (SS) in wastewater treatment plants is a growing problem worldwide. Management options for land application of biosolids require a comprehensive characterization of both SS and SS-amended soils. The assessment of agricultural land in the study area for SS disposal was based on EU and national legislation. The evaluation revealed that agricultural land in the study area accounts for only 10% of the total area (25,736 ha), but only a quarter of the existing land (6065 ha) is suitable for biosolids application. Furthermore, the data indicate that the sewage sludge can be safely applied to the soil in terms of soil metals according to the Croatian legislation. The short-term potential of the soil to sustain this ecosystem service, namely soil improvement with biosolids, should be used to determine the inherent long-term potential based on resistance to soil degradation and resilience. However, caution is needed and the long-term effects should be investigated before biosolids are continuously used for soil application.
University of Manitoba Centre for Research in Youth, Science Teaching and Learning: applications and utility of Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Bio-ecological Theory

[Extract] This monograph documents the outcomes of some of the research activity conducted between 2005 and 2010 by the University of Manitoba Centre for Research in Youth, Science Teaching and Learning (CRYSTAL). The primary underlying theoretical framework of the University of Manitoba CRYSTAL is Urie Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological model of human development—a model that Bronfenbrenner himself lamented, prior to his death in 2005, had had minimal application to and impact upon educational development. Although the Centre's research activity, collectively, involved 17 research projects, this monograph focuses upon eight projects that provide diverse education contexts for evaluating the utility of Urie Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological theory of human development. The first part of the monograph introduces Urie Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological model. The second examines the focus, organization, and activity of the University of Manitoba's CRYSTAL. The third section reports on findings from eight research studies conducted by the authors on the utility of Bronfenbrenner's model. Finally, a summary presents a synthesis of the findings from the eight studies, with a focus on evaluating the utility of Bronfenbrenner's model for educational development efforts. Based upon this utility, recommendations are made.
Missile Datcom: User's Manual - 1997 FORTRAN 90 Revision.

Abstract : THIS REPORT IS A USER'S MANUAL FOR THE 1997 FORTRAN 90 REVISION OF THE MISSILE DATCOM COMPUTER PROGRAM. THIS SUPERSEDES WL-TR-93-3043. In missile preliminary design it is necessary to quickly and economically estimate the aerodynamics of a wide variety of missile configuration designs. Since the ultimate shape and aerodynamic performance are so dependent upon the subsystems utilized, such as payload size, propulsion system selection and launch mechanism, the designer must be capable of predicting a wide variety of configurations accurately. The fundamental purpose of Missile Datcom is to provide an aerodynamic design tool which has the predictive accuracy suitable for preliminary design, and the capability for the user to easily substitute methods to fit specific applications.
Modeling clusters from the ground up: A web data approach

This paper proposes a new methodological framework to identify economic clusters over space and time. We employ a unique open source dataset of geolocated and archived business webpages and interrogate them using Natural Language Processing to build bottom-up classifications of economic activities. We validate our method on an iconic UK tech cluster – Shoreditch, East London. We benchmark our results against existing case studies and administrative data, replicating the main features of the cluster and providing fresh insights. As well as overcoming limitations in conventional industrial classification, our method addresses some of the spatial and temporal limitations of the clustering literature.
Final Report for National Transport Code Collaboration PTRANSP

PTRANSP, which is the predictive version of the TRANSP code, was developed in a collaborative effort involving the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, General Atomics Corporation, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Lehigh University. The PTRANSP/TRANSP suite of codes is the premier integrated tokamak modeling software in the United States. A production service for PTRANSP/TRANSP simulations is maintained at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory; the server has a simple command line client interface and is subscribed to by about 100 researchers from tokamak projects in the US, Europe, and Asia. This service produced nearly 13000 PTRANSP/TRANSP simulations in the four year period FY 2005 through FY 2008. Major archives of TRANSP results are maintained at PPPL, MIT, General Atomics, and JET. Recent utilization, counting experimental analysis simulations as well as predictive simulations, more than doubled from slightly over 2000 simulations per year in FY 2005 and FY 2006 to over 4300 simulations per year in FY 2007 and FY 2008. PTRANSP predictive simulations applied to ITER increased eight fold from 30 simulations per year in FY 2005 and FY 2006 to 240 simulations per year in FY 2007 and FY 2008, accounting for more than half of combined PTRANSP/TRANSP service CPU resource utilization in FY 2008. PTRANSP studies focused on ITER played a key role in journal articles. Examples of validation studies carried out for momentum transport in PTRANSP simulations were presented at the 2008 IAEA conference. The increase in number of PTRANSP simulations has continued (more than 7000 TRANSP/PTRANSP simulations in 2010) and results of PTRANSP simulations appear in conference proceedings, for example the 2010 IAEA conference, and in peer reviewed papers. PTRANSP provides a bridge to the Fusion Simulation Program (FSP) and to the future of integrated modeling. Through years of widespread usage, each of the many parts of the PTRANSP suite of codes has been thoroughly validated against experimental data and benchmarked against other codes. At the same time, architectural modernizations are improving the modularity of the PTRANSP code base. The NUBEAM neutral beam and fusion products fast ion model, the Plasma State data repository (developed originally in the SWIM SciDAC project and adapted for use in PTRANSP), and other components are already shared with the SWIM, FACETS, and CPES SciDAC FSP prototype projects. Thus, the PTRANSP code is already serving as a bridge between our present integrated modeling capability and future capability. As the Fusion Simulation Program builds toward the facility currently available in the PTRANSP suite of codes, early versions of the FSP core plasma model will need to be benchmarked against the PTRANSP simulations. This will be necessary to build user confidence in FSP, but this benchmarking can only be done if PTRANSP itself is maintained and developed.
Web development evolution: the business perspective on security

Protection of data, information, and knowledge is a hot topic in today’s business environment. Societal, legislative and consumer pressures are forcing companies to examine business strategies, modify processes and acknowledge security to accept and defend accountability. Research indicates that a significant portion of the financial losses is due to straight forward software design errors. Security should be addressed throughout the application development process via an independent methodology containing customizable components. The methodology is designed to integrate with an organization’s existing software development processes while providing structure to implement secure applications, helping companies mitigate hard and soft costs.
Patterns of Change: Can modifiable software have high coupling?

There are few aspects of modern life that remain unaffected by software, and as our day-to-day challenges change, so too must our software. Software systems are complex, and as they grow larger and more interconnected, they become more difficult to modify due to excessive change propagation. This is known as the ripple effect. The primary strategies to mitigate it are modular design, and minimization of coupling, or between-module interaction. However, analysis of complex networks has shown that many are scale-free, which means that they contain some components that are highly connected. The presence of scale-free structure implies high coupling, which suggests that software systems may be hard to modify because they suffer from the ripple effect. In this thesis, a large corpus of open-source software systems is analyzed to determine whether software systems are scale-free, whether scale-free structure results in high coupling, and whether high coupling results in ripple effects that propagate change to a large proportion of classes. The results show that all systems in the corpus are scale-free and that that property results in high coupling. However, analysis of system evolution reveals that existing code is modified infrequently and that there is rarely sufficient evidence to be confident that ripple effects involving a high proportion of classes have actually occurred. This thesis concludes first that while it is desirable to avoid excessive interconnectivity, it is difficult to completely eliminate high coupling; and second, that the presence of high coupling does not necessarily imply poor system design.
Orchis: consistency-driven data quality management in sensing systems

As new fabrication and integration technologies reduce the cost and size of wireless sensors, the observation and control of our physical world will expand dramatically using the temporally and spatially dense monitoring afforded by wireless sensing systems. Their success is nonetheless determined by whether the sensor networks can provide a high quality stream of data over a long period. However, most previous efforts focus on devising techniques to save the sensor node energy and thus extend the lifetime of the whole sensor network. With more and more deployments of real sensor systems, in which the main function is to collect interesting data and to share with peers, data quality has been becoming a more important issue in the design of sensor systems. In this dissertation, we envision that the quality of data should reflect the timeliness and accuracy of collected data that are presented to interested recipients who make the final decision based on these data. Thus, we undertake a novel approach that detects deceptive data through considering the consistency requirements of data, and study the relationship between the quality of data and the multi-hop communication and energy-efficient design of networked sensor systems. In this dissertation, we tackle the data quality management problem by proposing a general framework, called Orchis, which mainly consists of six components, including an analysis to the characteristics of the sensing data from an environmental application, a set of data consistency models customized to wireless sensing systems, a set of APIs to management the quality of collected data, an adaptive protocol for data sampling, a framework to detect and filter deceptive data, and a formal model for the lifetime of the wireless sensing system to evaluate the energy efficiency performance of the protocols. The experiment performance from both simulation and prototype shows that the Orchis framework is promising in terms of both energy efficiency and data consistency.
Experiments with an Adaptive Neural Model-Based Predictive Controller Applied to a Distributed Solar Collector Field: Performance and Fault Tolerance Assessment

A non-linear adaptive constrained model-based predictive control scheme with steady-state offset compensation is applied to a Distributed Solar Collector field. The strategy is based on a model-based predictive control combined with a recurrent neural network. Its training is carried out online applying a distribution approximation filter approach. In order to get rid of static offsets stemming from model/plant mismatch an offset compensator is incorporated into the control loop. To assess the controller robustness, several faults on the actuator, sensors and system parameters were considered.
Shape Optimization of a CRT based on Response Surface and Kriging Metamodels

Gradually engineering designers are determined based on computer simulations. Modeling of the computer simulation however is too expensive and time consuming in a complicate system. Thus, designers often use approximation models called metamodels, which represent approximately the relations between design and response variables. There arc general metamodels such as response surface model and kriging metamodel. Response surface model is easy to obtain and provides explicit function. but it is not suitable for highly nonlinear and large scaled problems. For complicate case, we may use kriging model that employs an interpolation scheme developed in the fields of spatial statistics and geostatistics. This class of into interpolating model has flexibility to model response data with multiple local extreme. In this study. metamodeling techniques are adopted to carry out the shape optimization of a funnel of Cathode Ray Tube. which finds the shape minimizing the local maximum principal stress Optimum designs using two metamodels are compared and proper metamodel is recommended based on this research.
Três Datasets criados a partir de um banco de Canções Populares Brasileiras de Sucesso e Não-Sucesso de 2014 a 2019

Este trabalho trata da criação e otimização de um grande conjunto de características extraídas de um banco de 881 canções populares brasileiras de Sucesso e Não-Sucesso, entre janeiro de 2014 a maio de 2019. A partir desse banco de canções, criou-se três DataSets de características (features) distintas, sendo que o primeiro contém 3215 características estatísticas; o segundo e o terceiro são totalmente inéditos, pois foram formados a partir da Melodia Vocal das canções (Melodia Predominante da Voz), não havendo banco semelhante disponível para pesquisa. O segundo banco representa um gráfico de espectrograma, formado a partir dos 90 segundos iniciais de cada canção. O terceiro banco é o mais peculiar de todos, pois representa uma análise semântica musical do segundo banco, onde a finalidade principal foi construir uma tabela composta pelas sequências melódicas mais frequentes de cada canção. Nossos Datasets usam apenas canções brasileiras e concentram seus dados em um período limitado e contemporâneo. A ideia da criação desses conjuntos de dados é estimular o estudo de técnicas de Aprendizado de Máquina que requeiram informações musicais. Os recursos extraídos podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas nas áreas da música e computação no futuro.
Results of a nuclear power plant Application of a new technique for human error analysis (ATHEANA)

A new method to analyze human errors has been demonstrated at a pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plant. This was the first application of the new method referred to as A Technique for Human Error Analysis (ATHEANA). The main goals of the demonstration were to test the ATHEANA process as described in the frame-of-reference manual and the implementation guideline, test a training package developed for the method, test the hypothesis that plant operators and trainers have significant insight into the error-forcing-contexts (EFCs) that can make unsafe actions (UAs) more likely, and to identify ways to improve the method and its documentation. A set of criteria to evaluate the {open_quotes}success{close_quotes} of the ATHEANA method as used in the demonstration was identified. A human reliability analysis (HRA) team was formed that consisted of an expert in probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) with some background in HRA (not ATHEANA) and four personnel from the nuclear power plant. Personnel from the plant included two individuals from their PRA staff and two individuals from their training staff. Both individuals from training are currently licensed operators and one of them was a senior reactor operator {open_quotes}on shift{close_quotes} until a few months before the demonstration. The demonstration was conducted over a 5 month period and was observed by members of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission`s ATHEANA development team, who also served as consultants to the HRA team when necessary. Example results of the demonstration to date, including identified human failure events (HFEs), UAs, and EFCs are discussed. Also addressed is how simulator exercises are used in the ATHEANA demonstration project.
The safety and reliability of the S and A mechanism designed for the NASA/LSPE program

Abstract : Under contract to the Manned Spacecraft Center, NASA/Houston, NOL developed a number of explosive charges for use in studying the surface of the moon during Apollo 17 activities. The charges were part of the Lunar Seismic Profiling Experiment (LSPE). When the Safety and Arming Device used in the previous ALSEP experiments was found unsuitable for use with the new explosive packages, NOL also designed the Safety and Arming Mechanism, and the safety and reliability tests conducted are described. The results of the test program indicate that the detonation transfer probability between the armed explosive components exceeds 0.9999, and is less than 0.0001 when the explosive components are in the safe position.