Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of optical feedback phenomenon and intensity noise of fibre‐grating semiconductor lasers

This paper demonstrates numerical analysis of the dynamics and intensity noise of fibre‐grating semiconductor lasers (FGSLs). The induced phenomenon of strong optical feedback (OFB) is analysed. The simulations are based on an improved time‐delay rate equations model of a single‐mode laser that takes into account the multiple round‐trips of the lasing field in the fibre cavity. The analyses are performed in terms of the temporal trajectory of the laser intensity, bifurcation diagram and relative intensity noise (RIN). We explore influence of the fibre‐cavity length on the dynamics and RIN. The results show that when the fibre cavity is short, the regime of strong OFB is characterized by either continuous‐wave (CW) operation or periodic pulsation. The pulsation frequency is locked at the frequency separation of either the compound‐cavity modes or the external fibre‐cavity modes. The corresponding RIN level is close to or higher than the level of the solitary laser depending on pulse symmetry. When the fibre cavity is long, the laser exhibits unstable dynamics over wider range of OFB. Moreover, the strong‐OFB pulsation becomes beating quasi‐periodic at the relaxation oscillation frequency and the fibre‐cavity mode‐separation frequency. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Information Communication Technologies for Enhanced Education and Learning: Advanced Applications and Developments

The influence of technology on the educational system has greatly impacted the creative ways students are now learning. Educators can now enhance their instruction through cutting-edge tools and methodologies that appeal to contemporary students who are already immersed in a technology-rich environment. Information Communication Technologies for Enhanced Education and Learning: Advanced Applications and Developments represents a unique examination of technology-based design, development, and collaborative tools for the classroom. Covering advanced topics in e-pedagogy, online learning, and virtual instruction, this book contributes high quality research for addressing technological integration in the classroom a must-have for 21st century academicians, students, educational researchers, and practicing teachers.
Wavelet Transform based CT and PET Lung Image Fusion

The lung cancer reduces the breathing ability and it causes due to uncontrollable cells in the lungs. The fusion of Computed Tomography (CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has clear information about lungs comparing with individual CT and PET images. The fused image helps to find cancer in a starting stage. In this study, a novel method for fusion of CT and PET lung images using Wavelet Transform (WT) and MaxMin (MM) rule is presented. Initially, the CT and PET lung images are decomposed by WT. The subband coefficients of WT are extracted by using entropy features. Then MM rule is applied, after that the image is reconstructed to form the fused lung image. The performance is evaluated by Reference Image Database to Evaluate therapy Response (RIDER) lung database. Results and discussion shows the performance of Lung Image Fusion (LIF).
A compact system for high precision time measurements (< 14 ps RMS) and integrated data acquisition for a large number of channels

A high precision ( < 14 ps RMS time resolution) and high channel density ( ~ 256 channels) Time to Digital Converter (TDC) module (realized in FPGAs) with integrated DAQ is presented. The data is transported over up to 8 Gigabit-Ethernet or optical links with up to 3 Gb/s. Slow-Control information is transported over the same links. It can be attached directly to the detector, which allows the elimination of long cables and crate systems. The full 256 channel TDCs are expected to use approximately 30 W electrical power. The module size is 20 cm by 23 cm. Power is provided by a galvanically isolated 48 V low noise power supply. AddOn-boards adapt to the special needs of the detector to be read out, e.g. containing Charge to Width (Q2W) FEE for PMT readout.
Sediment accumulation rates in the gotland deep, Baltic proper obtained by 210 Pb and 137 Cs Methods

Geochronology of sediments has important contribution to limnology and geochemistry including studies of accelerated eutrophication or regional erosion rates. It is also widely used to determine recent history of anthropogenic pollution and material balance [2]. Several different methods may be used to determine the ages of sediment layers. Historically, chronology has been based on qualitative methods such as stratigraphy, tectonics and morphology. However, the best results are obtained by means of radiometric dating, based on radioactive element activity e.g. radiocarbon, thorium, radiolead [11, 13]. The last few decades have seen dramatic growth in the use of Pb geochronology. The radiolead method can provide valuable information on sediment mixing and sediment accumulation rates within the last 100-150 years [5]. Determination of sediment accumulation rates is important for understanding of geochemical process in surface sediments, especially origin of particulate matter and estimating flux of organic carbon to the bottom sediments [10, 14].
Population genetic structure and performing assignment test on six Iranian native goats using simple sequence repeat markers

The native goat breeds could be better managed and their genetic diversity to be conserved through identification of population genetic structure. Total of 299 animals from six goat breeds, which are major native breeds of Iran, were used to study their genetic structure and understand relationship among the breeds using SSR markers on 13 microsatellite loci. The breeds were selected from different geographic regions of Iran. The results indicated that there is high genetic diversity at the population level (HS of 0.78) and at the species level (HT of 0.86). The level of inbreeding was low across the breeds and even genetic diversion was observed among them, indicating a low level of gene flow at the regional scale. Some level of admixtures was observed among breeds, which supported by clustering of the breeds based on their geographic origin. Analysis of the population genetic structure indicated that all breeds are grouped into four clusters. The assignment accuracy per locus ranged from 40.1% (BM4621) to 66.9% (oarJMP23). The assignment power of microsatellites based on the Bayesian method had positive correlation with the number of alleles and gene differentiation coefficient (Gst) per locus. In conclusion, this study provided a genetic profile for the conservation and improvement and origin of the studied breeds.
Reconstruction of 3-D defect profiles from MFL signals using radial wavelet basis function neural network

This paper proposes an inversion procedure, based on radial wavelet basis function (RWBF) neural network, to reconstruct 3-D defect profiles from magnetic flux leakage (MFL) data. The architecture of the neural network, the adaptive training algorithm and the reconstruction process are presented. Defects reconstructed from both simulated and experimental MFL data, together with comparison with two other inversion methods, demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed inversion procedure.
A Model for Pedagogical and Curricular Transformation with Technology

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an implementation plan on middle school science teachers as they implemented and integrated both computer- and calculator-based probeware technology into their curricula. The final goal of the implementation and integration process was pedagogical and curricular transformation by the participants. The framework for the study was the ST3 AIRS Model, which consists of eight steps developed to overcome contextual barriers to technology integration. The inductive findings of the study indicated that 80% of the participants overcame contextual barriers to pedagogical and curricular transformation, with a foundation for sustainability. With the support of the ST3AIRS Model framework, most participants successfully integrated technology into their curricula.
Adaptive sensor tasking using genetic algorithms

Today's battlefield environment contains a large number of sensors, and sensor types, onboard multiple platforms. The set of sensor types includes SAR, EO/IR, GMTI, AMTI, HSI, MSI, and video, and for each sensor type there may be multiple sensing modalities to select from. In an attempt to maximize sensor performance, today's sensors employ either static tasking approaches or require an operator to manually change sensor tasking operations. In a highly dynamic environment this leads to a situation whereby the sensors become less effective as the sensing environments deviates from the assumed conditions. Through a Phase I SBIR effort we developed a system architecture and a common tasking approach for solving the sensor tasking problem for a multiple sensor mix. As part of our sensor tasking effort we developed a genetic algorithm based task scheduling approach and demonstrated the ability to automatically task and schedule sensors in an end-to-end closed loop simulation. Our approach allows for multiple sensors as well as system and sensor constraints. This provides a solid foundation for our future efforts including incorporation of other sensor types. This paper will describe our approach for scheduling using genetic algorithms to solve the sensor tasking problem in the presence of resource constraints and required task linkage. We will conclude with a discussion of results for a sample problem and of the path forward.
Effects of Current Pacing and Electrical Field on The Turbulence Induced by Voltage Oscillations in Hearts

To the turbulence induced by local voltage oscillations during repolarizing phase of the cardiac action potential, the effects of current pacing and electrical field were investigated to reveal their feasibilities in elimination of the turbulence. A local pathological 2-dimensional tissue including 401 × 401 myocytes was developed on the basis of LR91 single cell mathematical model. The myocytes at the central 20 × 20 region was characterized with voltage oscillations by increasing time constant of K gating variable and maximum conductance of Ca current. The cross field method was used to induce spiral waves that degraded to turbulence-like fibrillation under the influence of pathological region. The defibrillation model was created by introducing the current and electrical field terms, respectively. The computer simulation results showed that local current pacing had no significant effects on the turbulence, but after subsequent application of electrical field, the turbulence was depressed around 240 ms. Current pacing on the whole tissue was able to completely suppress wave breakup at 625 ms, but with the execution of electrical field, the elimination time reduced to 240 ms. Therefore, current pacing together with electrical field has greater effects on electrical activities of the tissue. It promotes the process to suppress the wave breakup, thus eliminating the turbulence-like fibrillation. Keywords-turbulence; current pacing; electrical field; action potential mathematical model; computer simulations
NUMERICAL MODEL OF AVIATION GEARBOX TEST RIG IN A CLOSED LOOP CONFIGURATION

The development of computer techniques and computational systems based on the finite element method allows one to conduct a free vibration analysis of large systems like an aviation gearbox test rig. The object of this paper is to present a free vibration analysis of a gear fatigue test rig working in a closed loop configuration. A numerical model of the test rig based on the finite element method is presented in this paper. The base model contains all the essential structures of the real system. After the numerical results of the natural frequencies of the rig were obtained, they were then verified by the experimental results on a real object. Numerical analysis was performed using the ANSYS code.
A Brief Review on Models of Animal Tracking in Video

The observation on motion and behaviors of the animal is still important in scientific research fields, and various behaviors of animals are tracked and analyzed for many different purposes. The paper concentrates on the technologies employed for animal tracking in video, and reviews the tracking models related to animal motions and behaviors including shape-based model, contour-based model, articulated model, Bag-Of-Feature based model, Markov Model, etc. and gives a brief summary of these models respectively.
Enhanced Performance of Corner Reflector Antennas using Metamaterial Cylinders

A rigorous semi-analytical solution is presented for electromagnetic scattering from an array of parallel-coated circular cylinders of arbitrary radii and positions due to an obliquely incident TMz plane wave excitation. In order to check the validity of this technique, the 2-D echo width of a linear array of cylinders and an arbitrary position array of metamaterial cylinders are calculated and compared with published data. Circular metamaterial cylinders are then used to show the effect of metamaterial characteristics in altering the near field forward and backward scattering for conducting strips. Furthermore, characteristic of metamaterial is used to focus the field in front of a corner reflector antenna. (6 pages)
Myoclonus From Intoxication by Bismuth Iodoform Paraffin Paste (BIPP) Nasopharyngeal Packing

Bismuth iodoform paraffin paste (BIPP) gauze is widely used as an antiseptic wound packing in otolaryngology, head, and neck surgery. Uncommonly, BIPP can cause intoxication. Our report highlights an elderly patient who developed encephalopathy and overt myoclonus after nasopharyngectomy secondary to intoxication by the components of the BIPP gauze. The patient’s impaired renal function, the amount of BIPP packing and the extensive nature of his wound likely predisposed him to BIPP toxicity. The myoclonus and delirium resolved promptly after removal of the BIPP packs. Clinicians should be aware of the clinical features of BIPP intoxication because of its common usage.
Transient analysis of multiconductor lines above a lossy ground

In this paper, we first extend the Sunde logarithmic approximation for the single-wire line ground impedance to the case of a multiconductor line. The new approximate forms are compared to the general expressions which involve integrals over an infinitely long interval and an excellent agreement is found. The inverse Fourier transform of the ground impedance presents singularities which complicate the numerical solution of the transmission line equations. The order of the singularity is reduced by 1, and a careful numerical treatment is then employed to derive an equivalent and numerically more appropriate form of coupling equations in which there is no longer a singular term. Finally, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solutions of the coupling equations are presented and the theory is applied to calculate lightning-induced voltages on a multiconductor line. The lightning-induced voltages are calculated for the case of lossless/lossy, single-conductor/multiconductor lines and the effect of ground losses and the presence of other conductors on the magnitude and shape of induced voltages are illustrated.
PRACTICAL FRICTION MODELS AND FRICTION COMPENSATION IN HIGH-PRECISION ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC SERVO FORCE CONTROL SYSTEMS

Nonlinear friction is the main factor in the electro-hydraulic servo force control system. It causes steady-state and tracking errors that are difficult to eliminate during static and dynamic loading. In recent years, many studies have been done to reduce or eliminate the influence of the friction in the control system. This article discusses an electro-hydraulic servo force control system to complete simulation experiments in the laboratory. According to friction theory, the effect of friction near the zero-velocity point that appeared twice within a cycle during the test would be very obvious, which distorts the waveform and decreases the control accuracy. Due to the special purpose of the electro-hydraulic servo force control system, a practical friction compensation method has been introduced in this article. The friction static friction model, dynamic friction model, and identification methods are discussed in detail. The experimental results show that this practical friction compensation method can significantly reduce the influence of the nonlinear friction and improve control accuracy in the high-precision electro-hydraulic servo force control system.
Aliasing effects in PWM power converters

Perturbation of the control signal or input source voltage in a basic pulse-width-modulated converter running open-loop under voltage-mode control is shown to give rise to several aliased components in the output voltage response. By using switched-circuit simulation to generate circuit waveforms and then analyzing their spectral content using FFTs, we obtain a variety of results illustrating the phenomenon. These results, along with the analysis used to explain them, reinforce the cautions raised in earlier papers by G.C. Verghese et al. (1991, 1997) regarding the limitations of small-signal frequency-response information in frequency ranges where aliasing is significant.
Identification of Potential miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network Contributing to Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, and the mechanism underlying PD pathogenesis is not completely understood. Increasing evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical regulatory role in the pathogenesis of PD. This study aimed to explore the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network for PD. The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmis) and genes (DEGs) between PD patients and healthy donors were screened from the miRNA dataset GSE16658 and mRNA dataset GSE100054 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Target genes of the DEmis were selected when they were predicted by three or four online databases and overlapped with DEGs from GSE100054. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were then conducted by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and Metascape analytic tools. The correlation between the screened genes and PD was evaluated with the online tool Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were built by the STRING platform. We further investigated the expression of genes in the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in blood samples collected from PD patients and healthy donors via qRT-PCR. We identified 1505 upregulated and 1302 downregulated DEGs, and 77 upregulated and 112 downregulated DEmis were preliminarily screened from the GEO database. Further functional enrichment analysis identified 10 PD-related hub genes, including RAC1, IRS2, LEPR, PPARGC1A, CAMKK2, RAB10, RAB13, RAB27B, RAB11A, and JAK2, which were mainly involved in Rab protein signaling transduction, AMPK signaling pathway, and signaling by Leptin. A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was then constructed with 10 hub genes, and their interacting miRNAs overlapped with DEmis, including miR-30e-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-101-3p, miR-32-3p, miR-508-5p, miR-642a-5p, miR-19a-3p, and miR-21-5p. Analysis of clinical samples verified significant upregulation of LEPR and downregulation of miR-101-3p and miR-30e-5p in PD patients as compared with healthy donors. Thus, the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was initially constructed and has the potential to provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of PD.
Electromagnetic optimization of high-speed TO laser modules

The packaging aspect of the high-speed TO laser module has been investigated in this paper. A conventional TO 56 package is employed for compact and low cost high-speed applications. In the TO header, a special designed RF substrate is developed to minimize the RF reflection and insert loss. The influence of the feedthrough and the TO leads on signal transmission is analyzed using the electromagnetic (EM) method. A testing interface PCB based on the tapered coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line is proposed, and simulation results indicate that the coaxial type TO package has an insert loss of 1.5dB at 10GHz. In order to improve the electronic performance of the TO module, the equivalent circuit is built and a bandwidth compensation circuit is introduced, and results show that the 3dB bandwidth of the TO package can extend to 16.3GHz.
The running characteristics of a screw-principle microrobot in a small bent pipe

This paper describes the development of a microrobot based on the screw principle, and its running characteristics in a small bent pipe. To realize running in the bent pipe, a new small wheel preloading unit, which can keep the posture of the microrobot stable in the pipe, and a head guidance unit, which can prevent interference arising between the microrobot and the inner pipe wall, were developed. With these improvements the microrobot ran successfully in a small bent pipe of 27 mm in inner diameter and of 200 mm in the radius of curvature.
A Simulated Arson Experiment and its Effect on the Recovery of DNA

ABSTRACT A simulated arson experiment was designed to study the recovery and typing of human DNA from biological samples placed on various substrates, after a house fire. Body fluids and food samples were placed in a bungalow-style house in a manner that would duplicate a crime scene. Pig carcasses, dressed in men's shirts, were placed in the house to simulate a dead body. Three fires, each in a different area of the house, were started and extinguished in a consecutive manner. Samples were collected after each fire and suitable samples were forwarded for DNA typing analysis. In general, the type of substrate, accelerant and the type of suppressant used did not affect the integrity of the DNA samples recovered; however, flame and heat did affect the integrity of the DNA samples recovered. Of the samples recovered from the rooms where the fires were started, only 25% yielded interpretable DNA typing profiles compared to over 80% of the samples collected from other rooms in the house. Stains from various sauces that resembled blood were found to be visually distinguishable from recovered stains where blood had been used. Scrapings of samples showed higher DNA yields than swabs.