Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Black Root Rot and Identification of Novel Sources of Resistance in Mulberry Collections

Black root rot (BRR) caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is an alarming disease of mulberry that causes tremendous economic losses to sericulture farmers in India and China. Successful control of this disease can be attained by screening germplasm and identifying resistant sources. Seventy four diseased root samples were collected from farmer’s fields belonging to four major mulberry growing states of South India. Based on morpho-cultural and scanning electron microscopy studies, 57 fungal isolates were characterized and identified as L. theobromae. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated internal transcribed spacer and β-tubulin sequences revealed variation of the representative 20 isolates of L. theobromae. Following the root dip method of inoculation, pathogenicity studies on susceptible mulberry genotypes (Victory-1 and Thailand male) recognized the virulent isolate MRR-142. Accordingly, MRR-142 isolate was used to evaluate resistance on a set of 45 diverse mulberry accessions. In the repeated experiments, the mulberry accession ME-0168 which is an Indonesian origin belonging to Morus latifolia was found to be highly resistant consistently against BRR. Eight accessions (G2, ME-0006, ME-0011, ME-0093, MI-0006, MI-0291, MI-0489, and MI-0501) were found to be resistant. These promising resistant resources may be exploited in mulberry breeding for developing BRR resistant varieties and to develop mapping populations which successively helps in the identification of molecular markers associated with BRR.
Comparing Adam and SGD optimizers to train AlexNet for classifying GPR C-scans featuring ancient structures

In this study, AlexNet architecture is implemented and trained to classify C-scans featuring ancient structural patterns. The performance of two popular optimizers is examined and compared, namely the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with momentum and Adaptive Moments Estimate (Adam). The two optimizers were employed to train models using a GPR dataset from several archaeological sites. The results showed that even though SGD was more challenging to achieve learning, it eventually performed better than Adam when Batch Normalization, Dropout, and tuning the batch size and learning rate were performed. Furthermore, the generalization was tested using entirely independent data. SGD performed better, scoring 95% over 90% classification accuracy. The obtained results highlight how important the optimizer’s choice can be in the learning process and is worth investigating when training CNNs models with GPR data.
Adaptive multi-paddock grazing and wellbeing: uptake, management practices and mindset among Canadian beef producers

ABSTRACT Adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) grazing practices have been debated based on production, environmental and workload impacts, but farmer wellbeing is only beginning to be explored. A panel-based online survey of 200 Canadian beef producers was undertaken in early 2020 with a descriptive aim to explore the uptake, management, mindsets, and wellbeing implications associated with AMP grazing. AMP practices were more common than expected (29%) as well as distinct in grazing regime, featuring fast rotation, and long rests. AMP ranchers reported high physical wellbeing, as well as systems thinking, nontraditional values, a priority for enjoying life and tendency to use a wide range of modes to learn about grazing. Other dimensions of wellbeing, environmental motivations, and gender dimensions suggested by smaller-n studies were not associated with AMP grazing in this work. These insights are important as the federal government begins to promote AMP grazing and its variants as strategies to combat climate change. More nuanced understanding of adaptive grazing and its trajectory would be possible via consistent, longitudinal surveys with improved operationalization of wellbeing concepts, more detailed exploration of educational background, inclusion of religious beliefs, and elucidation of management characteristics beyond grazing regime variables.
The emergence and development of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in Iraq: an analytical study

The objective of this research is to provide the investors and accounting policy makers with useful information in a fair and transparent manner in the process of supervision and control by investors and stakeholders, and improve the quality of accounting information by adopting the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Iraq. To achieve the goal of this research, we will explain the importance of relying on these international standards by highlighting the desired benefits in the event of their adoption for the preparation of financial reports. We will also try to highlight the most important characteristics of the Iraqi accounting system and its conformity with the requirements of the international accounting system.
Biodecolourisation of Bismarck Brown dye using Orange peel

Dyes discharged from dyeing units and textile industries pollute the environment, particularly aquatic systems and cause considerable damage to organisms. Removal of colour is a prerequisite for discharge of treated textile effluents into the environment. Though several physical and chemical methods are available for decolourisation, biosorption is considered as cost effective and ecofriendly technique. Hence, in the present study, we explored possibilities of using orange peel for decolourisation of Bismarck brown dye, one of most common dyes used in the textile industry. Orange peel in different quantities (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 g/100 mL) was tested with 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm concentrations of Bismarck Brown dye for ten days. The decolourisation activity proportionally increased with the increase in the treatment period. The dye concentration of 100 ppm was tested with 0.4 g orange peel in different pH ranges of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 and the absorption was high in acidic pH. The increase in contact time also resulted in increased dye removal. Over all, the adsorption of dye onto orange peels was influenced by initial dye concentration, pH, amount of adsorbent and contact time. Four grams of orange peel showed highest decolourisation after 200 min, and it was proportional to the contact time. The dye removal was the maximum at pH 2. Both Langmuir (R 2 = 0.922) and Freundlich (R 2 = 0.999) adsorption isotherms were calculated.
A new neural network technique for the design of multilayered microwave shielded bandpass filters

In this work, we propose a novel technique based on neural networks, for the design of microwave filters in shielded printed technology. The technique uses radial basis function neural networks to represent the non linear relations between the quality factors and coupling coefficients, with the geometrical dimensions of the resonators. The radial basis function neural networks are employed for the first time in the design task of shielded printed filters, and permit a fast and precise operation with only a limited set of training data. Thanks to a new cascade configuration, a set of two neural networks provide the dimensions of the complete filter in a fast and accurate way. To improve the calculation of the geometrical dimensions, the neural networks can take as inputs both electrical parameters and physical dimensions computed by other neural networks. The neural network technique is combined with gradient based optimization methods to further improve the response of the filters. Results are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed technique for the design of practical microwave printed coupled line and hairpin filters. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009.
Risk of Falls in HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Associated Factors

Purpose Fall is one of the geriatric syndromes and a significant public health concern, which causes potentially severe consequences among the elderly. Geriatric syndromes are common among PLHIV and affect younger age than the general population. This study attempted to identify the risk of falls in PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its related factors among older adults with HIV infection. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 among PLHIV aged ≥40 years who received ART for at least 6 months in HIV Integrated Clinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust estimator using STATA version 12.0. Results A total of 102 participants mainly consisted of males (83.3%) with a median age of 45 (IQR 5) years. The risk of fall was detected in 52% of these participants. PLHIV who have history of falls, current CD4 below 200 cells/mm3, and pre-frail–frail status were associated with an increased risk of falls in the future. An LPV/r-based regimen was found to be a protective factors of risk of falls among PLHIV. Conclusion History of falls, current CD4 below 200 cells/mm3, and pre-frail and frail status were identified as factors associated with a greater risk of fall among PLHIV.
The Role of ATR Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer: Investigating Predictive Biomarkers of Response

Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad-3 related kinase (ATR) signals DNA lesions and replication stress (RS) to the S and G2/M checkpoints and DNA repair pathways making it a promising target to exploit the dysregulated DNA damage response in cancer. ATR inhibitors (ATRi) are under clinical investigation as monotherapy and in combination with other anticancer agents. Molecular determinants of sensitivity to ATRi are common in ovarian cancer, suggesting the therapeutic potential of ATRi. We investigated the cytotoxicity of the ATRi, VE-821, in a panel of human ovarian cancer cell lines. High grade serous (HGS) cell lines were significantly more sensitive to VE-821 than non-HGS (p ≤ 0.0001) but previously identified determinants of sensitivity (TP53, ATM and BRCA1) were not predictive. Only low RAD51 (p = 0.041), TopBP1 (p = 0.026) and APOBEC3B (p = 0.015) protein expression were associated with increased VE-821 sensitivity. HGS cells had increased levels of RS (pRPASer4/8 and γH2AX nuclear immunofluorescence), and elevated RS predicted sensitivity to VE-821 independently of the cell line subtype. These data suggest that functional assessment of RS biomarkers may be a better predictive biomarker of ATRi response than any single aberrant gene in ovarian cancer and potentially other cancers.
Whole Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Platycodin D-Mediated RNA Regulatory Network in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most fatal malignant tumors harmful to human health. Previous studies report that Platycodin D (PD) exhibits anti-tumor effects in multiple human cancers, including NSCLC, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Accumulating evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in NSCLC disease progression, but the link between PD and the ncRNAs in NSCLC is poorly elucidated. Here, we used whole transcriptome sequencing to systematically investigate the RNAs-associated regulatory network in the PD treating NSCLC cell lines. A total of 942 significantly dysregulated RNAs were obtained. Among those, five circRNAs and six IncRNAs were rigorously selected via database and in vitro validation. In addition, the functional enrichment study of differentially expressed mRNAs, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within PD-related mRNA structures, and the interaction between PD and mRNA-related proteins were analyzed through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), structural variant analysis, and molecular docking, respectively. With further in vitro validation, the results show that PD inhibits cell proliferation, arrests the cell cycle, and induces cell apoptosis through targeting BCL2-related proteins. We hope these data can provide a full concept of PD-related molecular changes, leading to a new treatment for NSCLC.
Flux-Vector-Splitting (FVS) method for Z4 formalism and its numerical analysis

The previously developed Flux-Vector-Splitting (FVS) method was formulated here for the first-order version of Z4 formalism. Then, the characteristics of this method formulated for Z4 formalism were studied by numerically analyzing the evolution of two types of black holes (free and stuffed). Finally, these numerical results from the FVS method were compared with those from the Local Lax Friedrichs and Modified Local Lax Friedrichs methods to reveal the dependency of numerical solution by Z4 formalism on the choice of numerical scheme.
Next Generation Cognition-Aware Hearing Aid Devices With Microwave Sensors: Opportunities and Challenges

The strong association between hearing loss and cognitive decline has developed into a major health challenge that calls for early detection, diagnosis and prevention. Hearing loss usually results in severe health implications that include loss of mobility, communication problems and cognitive decline. This study provides an overview of the effects of hearing loss on cognition and progressive neurological disorders with a discussion on the future scope of microwave portable technologies in care homes arrangement. Moreover, the efficacy of hearing aids in reversing cognitive decline and dementia has been investigated. The interconnection between hearing loss, cognitive load and neurodegeneration is also explored. Furthermore, this study looks into the prospects of using portable microwave sensors for the detection and monitoring of cognitive load. For early detection of dementia, this study proposes the integration of microwave sensors with hearing aid devices. Implications and design challenges of portable antenna systems for neurodegeneration detection have also been considered. Future improvement areas regarding robust analysis and diagnosis, system accuracy and security, user-centricity and device privacy for a broader clinical implementation are also discussed.
Nucleon structure from a light-front hamiltonian

We obtain the light-front wave functions (LFWFs) of the nucleon in the leading Fock sector representation using basis light-front quantization (BLFQ) approach. We adopt a light-front effective Hamiltonian, which includes a three-dimensional confining potential and a one-gluon exchange interaction with fixed coupling, and solve for it mass eigenstates. We then employ the LFWFs to compute the axial form factor and the transverse charge and magnetization densities for the nucleon. The axial form factor is found to be consistent with the experimental data. The charge and magnetization densities agree qualitatively with the phenomenological fits.
Influence of Supervisor Leadership Style and Conflict Handling on Subordinates: A Case Study of Taoyuan Police Department

Abstract This study explores the influence of supervisor police officers’ leadership styles and conflict handling on their work and their relationship with subordinates. A two-stage data analysis method is adopted. In the first stage, in-depth interviews are conducted to analyse local police chiefs’ views on leadership styles and conflict handling. In the second stage, questionnaires describing leadership and conflicts are distributed to subordinate police officers for statistical analysis. Conflicts emerge in the operation of government agencies because members within the organisations have different views on their respective positions, responsibilities and goals, mostly for reasons related to the leadership style of their direct supervisors. The study results reveal that transformational and transactional leadership styles positively influence subordinate police officers and negatively influence several sub-dimensions of leadership styles, consistent with cross-comparison findings. Furthermore, the results indicate that conflict handling has an insignificant influence, which significantly differs from the leaders’ perceptions of handling as found in their interviews. Accordingly, the findings of cross-analysis are reasonable. The study results can be used as a reference for future supervisors to handle and manage practical conflicts. JEL classification numbers: C12, D74. Keywords: Police, Transformational leadership (TFL), Transactional leadership (TSL), Leadership effectiveness, Conflict handling.
Experimental investigation of an oil droplet colliding with an oil-water interface

The impact of a buoyancy driven oil droplet with an oil-water interface is investigated using time-resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) along with a phase discrimination by means of high-speed Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF). In this paper we focus on the investigation of strategies to optimize the performance of high-speed PIV algorithms. Furthermore this data will be used for validation of numerical simulations of two phase flows. To simultaneously measure the flow velocities inside and around the oil droplet by PIV the refractive indices of both phases need to be matched. The aqueous phase consists of a mixture of corn syrup and water, which defines the viscosity as well as the refractive index. The disperse phase consists of a mixture of two mineral oils. The latter are mixed to match the refractive index of the continuous phase. Both phases are seeded with tracer particles required for PIV. A fluorescent dye is added to the dispersed phase to allow discrimination of the PIV signals originating from both phases by LIF. The LIF and PIV signals are captured by two high-speed cameras. In order to study the impact of an oil droplet into an oil-water interface, it is necessary to accurately measure a velocity range that is spread over three orders of magnitude. The impact of the droplet is measured in a time series of PIV recordings with a high temporal resolution. This allows to optimize the time interval between two correlated frames within the time series to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio, while still being able to measure a large velocity dynamic range. An approach to estimate an optimal time separation is presented in this study. The results are compared to the experimental data and the effectiveness of the introduced optimization on the data quality is discussed. Furthermore, the results of this experiment are compared to a numerical simulation.
Microstrip-fed cusp antenna for ultra-wide band communication systems

A novel antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is presented in this article. The proposed antenna consists of one circular patch placed on one side of a substrate and one circular slot placed on the other side. The antenna is fed with a microstrip line connected to the circular patch. The radii of the circular patch and slot and the separation between their edges represent the three design parameters which are optimized such that the antenna satisfies the design specifications. The proposed antenna has been fabricated using printed circuit board (PCB) technology. It has been characterized both theoretically and experimentally. The measured and calculated results are presented, compared, and discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009.
Slender-Body Theory Based On Approximate Solution of the Transonic Flow Equation

Approximate solution of the nonlinear equations of the small disturbance theory of transonic flow are found for the pressure distribution on pointed slender bodies of revolution for flows with free-stream, Mach number 1, and for flows that are either purely subsonic or purely supersonic. These results are obtained by application of a method based on local linearization that was introduced recently in the analysis of similar problems in two-dimensional flows. The theory is developed for bodies of arbitrary shape, and specific results are given for cone-cylinders and for parabolic-arc bodies at zero angle of attack. All results are compared either with existing theoretical results or with experimental data.
The Influence of Machiavellianism, Love of Money and Internal Control on the Tendency of Asset Misuse in Government-Owned Enterprises XYZ in Semarang

This paper aims to investigate the effect of Machiavellianism, love of money, and internal control on the tendency of asset misuses in the workplace, especially in the state-owned company XYZ in Semarang. This study used survey method to collect data from employees of a state-owned company in Semarang City. The data consisted of 161 questionnaires which were analyzed using WarpPLS 7.0. The finding showed that Machiavellianism, love of money, have a significant positive effect on the tendency of asset misuses in BUMN companies, while internal control has a significant negative effect on the tendency of asset misuses in BUMN companies. This finding implies the importance of considerations in psychological aspects when it comes to fraud prevention. Additionally, the finding implies that the internal control is a mandatory mechanism in the company's managerial activities for fraud prevention.Keywords: Machiavellianism, Love of Money, Internal Control Misappropriate Assets, Government-Owned Enterprises.
Restoring tree species mixtures mitigates the adverse effects of pine monoculture and drought on forest carabids

Habitat degradation and climate change are main drivers of insect species loss worldwide, raising concern about natural forest replacement by tree monocultures in a context of more frequent disturbances like drought. Carabid beetles are emblematic species in ecology because they are often used as indicators of biodiversity and they have important functional roles, particularly predation. We used a tree diversity experiment with half of the plots irrigated and the other half under summer water stress to test the combined effects of tree species mixing and drought on carabid species and functional diversity. We observed a qualitative effect of drought on carabid communities, with species turnover mainly due to predator species loss in the drier (non‐irrigated) plots. We also found that species richness and activity density were lowest in pure pine plots and highest in mixture of pine and birch at low tree density. The likely underlying mechanism is the better provision of food and shelter resources in mixed forests. The association of pine with birch species could compensate for the loss of carabid beetles observed between pine monocultures benefiting from the water regime of the last century and those subject to current droughts. This suggests that diversifying plantation forests is a promising way to increase their resilience to the adverse effects of climate change.