Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tracking clusters and anomalies in evolving data streams

Data‐driven anomaly detection methods typically build a model for the normal behavior of the target system, and score each data instance with respect to this model. A threshold is invariably needed to identify data instances with high (or low) scores as anomalies. This presents a practical limitation on the applicability of such methods, since most methods are sensitive to the choice of the threshold, and it is challenging to set optimal thresholds. The issue is exacerbated in a streaming scenario, where the optimal thresholds vary with time. We present a probabilistic framework to explicitly model the normal and anomalous behaviors and probabilistically reason about the data. An extreme value theory based formulation is proposed to model the anomalous behavior as the extremes of the normal behavior. As a specific instantiation, a joint nonparametric clustering and anomaly detection algorithm (INCAD) is proposed that models the normal behavior as a Dirichlet process mixture model. Results on a variety of datasets, including streaming data, show that the proposed method provides effective and simultaneous clustering and anomaly detection without requiring strong initialization and threshold parameters.
Examining the Relations between Emotions, Motivation, Classroom Engagement and Achievement in Mathematics

The purpose of this correlational research was to examine the relationship between achievement emotions, motivation, and classroom engagement in mathematics among Turkish middle school students, and to determine how these three variables predicted academic achievement in mathematics. 549 seventh grade students in a province located in the south-west region of Turkey participated in the study. Relations among variables were examined by utilizing structural equation modeling. Results of this study provided evidence for the theoretical model that explained the relations between achievement emotions, motivation and classroom engagement and their contributions to a significant amount of mathematic achievement in Turkish contexts. In addition, it was found that the contributions of achievement emotions to engagement depend on whether they were activity- and outcome-focused or deactivating and activating emotions.
Situated Method Engineering

Organizations have to change their systems development methods due to changing situations. Situated methods take into account the contingencies of a systems development project improving the effectiveness of systems development. Situated method engineering must be implemented as a learning process supported by situation-specific development strategies and integrating method fragments from different methods. Field studies show the need for and the feasibility of situated method engineering. Several method engineering instruments are available and have been explored during the field studies.
Clustering Analysis on Deformation of Weak Surrounding Rock in Shangguan Tunnel

As a data mining technique, clustering analysis method can not only accurately describe data, but also discover the similarity of different data sources and make cluster classification. In this paper, the Shangguan tunnel engineering in Hangrui highway is taken as an example, the monitoring deformation data of the weak surrounding rock are clustering analyzed, and the change law of deformation variation with time is obtained. By analyzing the interval and time boundary of deformation process of surrounding rock, the best time to construct secondary lining is determined.
Tidal power generation – A review of hydrodynamic modelling

Extracting power from the tide is a potential avenue for renewable energy production but is also a significant engineering challenge. This challenge has many different aspects but the basic problem is the hydrodynamic problem of converting the movement of the ocean into mechanical power. This paper presents a review of some of the hydrodynamic modelling techniques which can be used to model tidal barrages and tidal turbines. The analysis of these is broken down into different length scales, ranging from a single device, to an array of devices, and up to regional scales. As well as discussing modelling techniques some of the hydrodynamic problems, such as resource assessment and efficiency of power generation, are discussed.
Relative Pose Estimation under Monocular Vision in Rendezvous and Docking

Autonomous rendezvous and docking (ARD) plays a very important role in planned space programs such as on-orbit construction and assembly, refueling of satellites, repairing or rescuing failed satellites, active removal of space debris, autonomous re-supply and crew exchange of space stations, and so on. However,the success of ARD rests with the estimation accuracy and efficiency of relative pose among various spacecraft in rendezvous and docking. In this paper, a high accuracy and efficiency estimation algorithm of relative pose of cooperative space targets is presented based on monocular vision imaging, in which a modified gravity model approach and multiple targets tracking methods are employed to improve the accuracy of feature extraction and enhance the estimation efficiency, moreover the Levenberg-Marquardt method (LMM) is used to achieve a well global convergence. The comprehensive experiment results demonstrate its outstanding predominance in estimation accuracy and efficiency.
The Study of Cavity Flow and Transpiration Cooling in Supersonic Combustion

To unravel the flow and heat transfer mechanism of the cavity in supersonic combustion, this paper studied the interaction of cavities and shear-layers by experiments and numerical simulation. The experiments of Nero-particle Plane Laser Scatter (NPLS) and Plane Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) were conducted to study the cavity shear-layer. In the same supersonic condition the flow was studied by the method of Large Eddy Simulation (LES). And we discussed the cavity shear-layer influence to supersonic flow and combustion, analyzed the evolvement of injection shear-layer, probed into the heat transfer of supersonic combustion, and studied the transpiration cooling of cavities. The results show: in supersonic combustion, the initial flame spreads to the upstream through the cavity shear layer, the highest wall temperature occur at the rear edge of cavity, and transpiration cooling can effectively protect the wall materials.
Hardening digital systems with distributed functionality: robust networks

Collaborative hardening and hardware redundancy are nowadays the most interesting solutions in terms of fault tolerance achieved and low extra cost imposed to the project budget. Thanks to the powerful and cheap digital devices that are available in the market, extra processing capabilities can be used for redundant tasks, not only in early data processing (sensed data) but also in routing and interfacing1
Review of possible implications of an airtightness standard for new dwellings in the UK

The central purpose of this paper is to develop and test a case for compulsory pressurisation testing for new dwellings. The authors have argued elsewhere in favour of such a policy. The paper reviews the available information on airtightness in the UK housing stock, the impact of airtightness on ventilation and fabric heat losses, the information that is available on the costs of making houses airtight and the logistics of pressurisation testing. The authors use this information to explore the costs and benefits that might accrue at the national level from the introduction of such a policy. While a number of areas of uncertainty are apparent, the analysis shows a modest but apparently robust economic case for the introduction of pressurisation testing of new housing.
Study on Fault Diagnosis for Turbocharging System of Diesel Engine Based on Support Vector Machine

The support vector machine technology is applied to study the fault diagnosis for supercharge system of diesel engine. Based on the different features under various faults of supercharge system of diesel engine and the signal variables of the fault of the system’s components, dimensionless daters can be gotten after normalization processing. The utilization of SVM with good generation ability wad adopted to establish the diagnosis model for supercharge system of diesel engine, which can make the system failure diagnosis through inputting the diagnosis data. The average accuracy is 99.8% in twenty tests. The diagnosing results are consistent with the factual results.
An Allele on Chromosome I Affects C. elegans Muscle Cell Morphology

The development of any organism is directed by sequential gene expression that provides a basis for differentiation and specialization of cells. Our lab is interested in the genes that control organogenesis, specifically, the development of the C. elegans pharynx. The microscopic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a model organism that provides many advantages for this study, including a completely sequenced genome, a known cell lineage and a transparency that makes observation very simple. We selected two strains from a previous mutagenesis screen to investigate, M136 and M138, which are characterized by extreme deformation of the pharynx resulting from possible failure of pharyngeal muscle cells to undergo normal morphogenesis. We hypothesized that the phenotype may be a result of abnormal adhesion of cells and resulting in L1 larval lethality. We addressed the basis of this lethality using multiple methods, immunocytochemistry to reveal the structure of the abnormal pharynx, fluorescent bead feeding assays to determine if the pharynx has function, genetic mapping to reveal the identity of the gene involved, and a genetic cross to determine the presence of the correct number of cells. Single nucleotide polymorphism mapping revealed the mutation to be located on chromosome I between map units one and eight. A complementation analysis showed M136 and M138 are caused by a mutation to the same gene. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated the mutation caused defects to multiple cell types and but the genetic cross indicated all pharynx muscle cells are present in mutant worms. Future research will entail complementation with deletion strains to determine the exact location of the mutation, followed by the use of transgenic rescue microinjections to confirm the identity of the gene.
Design and characterization of microfluidic housing effects on coplanar waveguide microfluidic delay line performance

A fluid and its housing are integrated on a coplanar waveguide circuit surface, realizing a variable delay line. Performance tradeoffs for different fluidic housing shapes are investigated. Simulation and measurement results for two circuits are shown with the housing filled with air or de‐ionized water. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:789–793, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27434
Tissue characterisation of coronary plaques using sparse feature vectors

In a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, the tissue characterisation of coronary plaque is very important. A novel method is proposed for the tissue characterisation of coronary plaque by using a sparse coding. In the proposed method, an intravascular ultrasound backscattered radiofrequency (RF) signal is coded by the sparse coding, and the code patterns are used for the classification of a target tissue. Experiments have been performed to classify the tissues of coronary plaque into fibrous or lipid tissue by using these RF signals, which are observed from a rabbit coronary artery. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified by comparative studies with the conventional integrated backscatter analysis.
Concrete Bridge Condition Assessment with Impact Echo Scanning

The paper discusses the use of the Impact Echo Scanning nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique for quality assurance and condition assessment of the grouting of post-tensioned bridge ducts and concrete bridge decks. Both research and case history results are presented. Impact Echo Scanning was first done for detecting void/grout conditions in post-tensioned ducts. Recent research and development of a Bridge Deck Scanner using the Impact Echo Scanning technique is compared with Ground Penetrating Radar and Acoustic Chain Drag Sounding to identify concrete delaminations due to rebar corrosion. The research on both Impact Echo Scanning applications was sponsored by the US National Cooperative Highway Research Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis program. The use of the Bridge Deck Scanner to evaluate concrete deck conditions in terms of void/honeycomb and thickness is also discussed.
Power Supply for Plasma Torches Based on a Class‐E Amplifier Configuration

A new RF power supply intended for low-power plasma torches is presented. It is based on a class-E amplifier, modified on the principle of a parallel LC resonant circuit, and is used here to supply the so-called 'plasma needle'. The latter is matched with a shunt inductor, and both are connected in parallel to the resonant capacitor C. This configuration is particularly useful for the control of stable discharge characteristics, for example, to resist naturally occurring variations in the load impedance, by providing the high voltage necessary to ignite and maintain the plasma. The overall system has been tested at atmospheric pressure by producing glow discharges in flows of helium and argon. We present early results that describe the device's characteristics.
Spacer Damper Performance - A Function of In-Span Positioning

Work on widely different quad and triple conductor bundles has established a non-dimensional characteristic relating ratios of adjacent subspans to nodal positions for a fundamental mode of subconductor oscillation. A good correlation has also been shown between nodal positions relative to spacer dampers and their damping performance as measured by logarithmic decrements. The performance of a given spacer damper in a given mode was improved by a factor of four to five times by correct choice of spacings. Consequently, a method of comparative field testing for spacer dampers is indicated. The experimental results have been satisfactorily predicted by a theoretical approach.
Analysis and design of a current-fed zero-voltage-switching and zero-current-switching CL-resonant push-pull dc-dc converter

A current-fed zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) and zero-current-switching (ZCS) CL-resonant push-pull DC-DC converter is presented in this paper. The proposed push-pull converter topology is suitable for unregulated low-voltage to high-voltage power conversion with low ripple input current. The resonant frequency of both capacitor and inductor is operated at approximately twice the main switching frequency. In this topology, the main switch is operated under ZVS because of the commutation of the transformer magnetising current and the parasitic drain-source capacitance. Because of the leakage inductance of the transformer and the resonant capacitance from the resonant circuit, both the main switch and output rectifier are operated by implementing ZCS. The operation and performance of the proposed converter has been verified on a 400-W prototype.
Rheumatoid arthritis and herbal drugs: A review

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology that affects 0.5% of the population and can result in disability owing to joint destruction, characterized by joint synovial inflammation and progressive cartilage and bone destruction resulting in gradual immobility. The greatest disadvantage in the presently available potent synthetic drugs lies in their toxicity and reappearance of symptoms after discontinuation. With limitations of existing drug molecules herbal drugs are gaining interest among RA patients. Medicinal plants are plants containing inherent active ingredients used to cure disease or relieve symptoms of arthritis. The aim of this review is to update information on RA including causes, epidemiology, prevalence, symptoms and diagnosis, classification, medications, toxicities of allopathic anti-rheumatic drugs and importance of herbal drugs for the management of RA. The present review also focuses on the medicinal plants that interact with the mediators of inflammation and are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Experimental validation and system applications of ray-tracing model in built-up areas

A ray-tracing model based on the uniform theory of diffraction is briefly described. A comparison between simulation and experimental results at 12.5 and 30GHz is presented. Since measurements were carried out in winter and late summer, they also highlight the effect of vegetation at these frequencies. Finally, the ray-tracing tool is applied to the characterisation of an urban channel at several frequency bands.
Professionalism in Project Management: Redefining the Role of the Project Practitioner

This article suggests that the project practitioner can have a significant role in defining and legitimizing the knowledge that is important for practice and the profession due to the situated nature of project knowledge. In-depth interviews with highly successful project practitioners revealed an unmediated relationship with practice centering on client/market priorities and emerging notions of professionalism. Here, project practitioners identified the need for a more meaningful relationship with the academic community in order to handle the challenges of situated practice.
Management development in self-employed occupational therapists

Recent policies in Australia aim at improving productivity in the health services sector through incentives to encourage traditionally salaried health professionals to move into the small business sector (Productivity Commission, 2005). This has resulted in a trend for occupational therapists to move into selfemployment and establish their own private practices, which are small businesses. However, becoming a small business owner requires them to reconcile the dilemma between their professional predilection to provide the highest quality services, and the commercial pressures to survive as a profitable enterprise (Ottewill, Jennings, and Magirr, 2000). This raises the question as to whether or not they will be successful in making the transition from salaried professional employees to self-employed small business owners. This study investigates how self-employed occupational therapists develop their management competences to become successful small business owners.
A study of microwave imaging for a metallic cylinder

This article presents the studies of time‐domain inverse scattering for a metallic cylinder which based on the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method and the dynamic differential evolution (DDE). For this study, the FDTD is used for the analysis of the forward scattering part, while for the DDE is applied for the reconstruction of the two‐dimensional metallic cylinder. For the forward scattering, the FDTD method is used to calculate the scattered E fields. Based on the scattering fields, these inverse scattering problems are transformed into optimization problem. By comparing the simulated scattered fields and the calculated scattered fields, the shape and location of the metallic cylinder are reconstructed. Numerical results demonstrate that, even when the initial guess is far away from the exact one, good reconstruction can be obtained. In addition, the effects of Gaussian noise on the reconstruction results are investigated. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE , 2012.
Advanced common control method for shunt and series active compensators used in power quality improvement

An advanced common control method for shunt and series active conditioners, which compensate for the main types of disturbances in electrical power systems, is considered. If shunt and series actives conditioners are already well known as good compensation solutions for power quality improvement, it is also admitted that they generate some undesired components at switching frequency. To avoid these propagation problems, conditioner designers proposed a high-order output filter associated to a specific controller based on the RST control method. However. by applying this controller, it can be observed that a phase lag between the reference and the injected signal appears in the current and voltage control loop, which damages harmonic compensation. Therefore, a new RST controller is proposed, called RST imp , to overcome the phase lag effects over the entire bandwidth for both active conditioners. The RST imp proposed control method is validated through SABER simulations. These simulations show very good active conditioner performance in terms of rapidity, tracking and robustness for both current and voltage compensation.
Properties of aniline-modified strontium titanyl oxalate-based electrorheological suspension

Aniline-modified strontium titanyl oxalate (STO) particles were fabricated with a precipitation method. The structures of the particles were analyzed by x-ray diffraction analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the morphology of the particles. The results indicate chemical bonds are formed between STO and aniline. By tuning the molar ratio of aniline to Ti, the morphology of the aniline-modified STO particles can be sphere, polyhedron and a mixture composed of clusters of nano particles and micro rod-like particles. Electrorheological (ER) properties, temperature effect, thixotropy and sedimentation stability of the ER fluids based on the pure STO and the aniline-modified STO were tested. The results indicate all the properties strongly depend on the content of the aniline during the fabrication process of the particles. The ER fluid with a molar ratio of aniline/Ti of 2 presents the highest shear stress, yield stress, leak current density and the most stable ER behavior at changing temperatures. The reason is the particles have polyhedron morphology and absorbed polar aniline molecules. Because of the stable space grid structure formed by the particles with a molar ratio of aniline/Ti of 3, the ER fluid exhibits better thixotropy and sedimentation stability than the others.
Ultracompact channel filters based on race-track photonic crystal ring resonators

We proposed a new channel drop filter (CDF) based on race-track photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR) composed of square-lattice cylindrical silicon rods in air. Two representative scenarios, parallel and perpendicular, related to the direction of race track and bus channel waveguide, are comparably studied by using 2D finite-difference time-domain technique. A good set of parameters with adequate modal spacing can be determined by adjusting the amount and size of scatterers. By optimizing the relationship among surrounding periods, race-track ring size and coupling strength, more than 150 spectral quality factor and 93.9% dropped efficiency can be achieved at 1370-nm channel for one single race-track PCRR. These findings enhance and enrich the PCRRs as an alternative to current micro-ring resonators for ultra-compact WDM components and high density photonic integration.