Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Developments in LS-DYNA to close the Virtual Process Chain for Forming, Press Hardening and Welding

Forming, press hardening and welding are a well-established production processes in manufacturing industry, but predicting the finished geometry and the final material properties of the processed parts is still a major issue. In particular, deformations caused by welding are often neglected in the virtual process chain, although they have to be compensated for in order to fulfill the requirements on shape tolerance. This presentation will give an overview on novel features of LS-DYNA implemented particularly for welding simulations.To begin with, new keywords will be presented that allow applying the heat generated by the weld torch. LS-DYNA offers a very convenient way to define the well-known Goldak heat source, but it is also possible to define arbitrarily shaped torch geometries.In order to obtain a predictive model for welding simulations, specific material models have been devised in LS-DYNA. The properties of filler material in weld seams are accounted for by a ghost material approach. Material is initialized as ghost material and is activated, i.e. it is given base material properties, when the temperature reaches the melting point. This approach has been implemented for a relatively simple thermo-elasto-plastic material formulation *MAT_CWM as well as for the more complex material law *MAT_UHS_STEEL. The latter has initially been implemented for press hardening simulations and is able to predict the microstructure of steel alloys including phase transformations and the resulting mechanical properties.In this contribution, details of the material formulations and novel features are presented. Examples will demonstrate how these features can be applied to multistage processes including several forming and welding stages.
Adaptive Diversity of Beech Seedlings Under Climate Change Scenarios

The ability of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) populations to adapt to the ongoing climate change is especially important in the southern part of Europe, where environmental change is expected to be more intense. In this study, we tested the existing adaptive potential of eight beech populations from two provenances in N.E. Greece (Evros and Drama) that show differences in their environmental conditions and biogeographical background. Seedling survival, growth and leaf phenological traits were selected as adaptive traits and were measured under simulated controlled climate change conditions in a growth chamber. Seedling survival was also tested under current conditions in the field. In the growth chamber, simulated conditions of temperature and precipitation for the year 2050 were applied for 3 years, under two different irrigation schemes, where the same amount of water was distributed either frequently (once every week) or non-frequently (once in 20 days). The results showed that beech seedlings were generally able to survive under climate change conditions and showed adaptive differences among provenances and populations. Furthermore, changes in the duration of the growing season of seedlings were recorded in the growth chamber, allowing them to avoid environmental stress and high selection pressure. Differences were observed between populations and provenances in terms of temporal distribution patterns of precipitation and temperature, rather than the average annual or monthly values of these measures. Additionally, different adaptive strategies appeared among beech seedlings when the same amount of water was distributed differently within each month. This indicates that the physiological response mechanisms of beech individuals are very complex and depend on several interacting parameters. For this reason, the choice of beech provenances for translocation and use in afforestation or reforestation projects should consider the small scale ecotypic diversity of the species and view multiple environmental and climatic parameters in connection to each other.
The interconnection between executive shareholding and firm performance

There has been a long standing debate regarding how firms can alleviate the agency problem and align the interests of the agent with those of the principal. In this study, we theorize that if firms can incentivize executives to act more like owners as opposed to agents, it will lead to better performance of the firm. We hypothesize that there are two approaches how this may be achieved. The first is when the executive has a substantial shareholding in the firm. The second is when the firm employs a long-term incentive program, which is based on equity or the market value of equity. In regard to the first approach, we have found it necessary to put the value of the executives’ shareholding in relation to an “anchor” in an effort to account for different individuals’ perceptions of the value of money. The anchor that we have used is the executives’ annual salary. Subsequently, we have designed a new variable which we call the CEO level of engagement, constituted by the value of the executives’ shareholding divided by the executives’ annual salary. The purpose of this thesis is thus to investigate whether or not we can identify a relationship between the CEO level of engagement and the use of equity based long-term incentive programs with the stock market performance of firms as well as with key financial performance indicators, such as return on equity, return on capital employed, change in revenue and change in the number of employees. To achieve this, we have employed a quantitative research approach based on secondary data mainly from annual reports and stock market data. We have investigated the performance of 56 firms on Stockholm Large Cap OMX over the period 2011 – 2016 and analyzed the data with descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Our findings suggest that there is a relationship between the CEO level of engagement and stock market performance, and that the relationship is statistically significant. However, our findings only provide partial support for a relationship between the CEO level of engagement and certain financial performance indicators, specifically the change in number of employees from one year to the next. Furthermore, our study does not adequately support the theory that there is a relationship between the use of equity based long-term incentive programs with either stock market performance or key financial performance indicators.
Examining intellectual stimulation, idealised influence and individualised consideration as an antecedent to knowledge sharing: Evidence from Ghana

Transformational leadership and its relationship with knowledge sharing have been well noted in knowledge management literature. However, how the individual dimensions within Transformational leadership theory contribute to knowledge sharing has been scarcely investigated. This paper explores whether Intellectual stimulation, Idealised Influence and individualised consideration affect knowledge sharing among employees in Ghana. A cross–sectional survey design was employed. The study employed a convenience sampling technique to select a sample size of 500. However, out of the 500 questionnaires distributed, 283 were used in the final analysis; thus, those that were correctly filled. Data was analyzed using multiple regression. The study found that there is a significant positive relationship between idealised influence and knowledge sharing. However, the relationship between intellectual stimulation and individualised consideration and knowledge sharing was found to be insignificant. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel. 2017.09. 030
Modeling and Experimental Validation of Air-Fuel Ratio under Individual Cylinder Fuel Injection in Gasoline Engines

This paper presents a modeling approach for describing the dynamics from the fuel injection command of individual cylinders to the oxygen sensor output in spark-ignition multicylinder engines. In the presented approach, it is shown that the dynamics can be modeled as a single-input, single-output, periodic time-varying system, in which the periodicity is attributable to the cyclically physical phenomenon of the engine system. Furthermore, as compared to the conventional air-fuel ratio model, the proposed model provides the characteristics of the air-fuel ratio in a small-scale sampling rate under individual cylinder fuel injection. To demonstrate the effectiveness, numerical simulation results are presented, and finally, experimental validation is provided on the basis of the results of the identification tests conducted on a six-cylinder gasoline engine control test bench.
To be a pilgrim: A contested identity on Saint James' Way

Saint James' Way, after having almost disappeared from memory in the 20th century, has been the object of renewed interest over the last twenty years or so, becoming one of the most highly publicised pilgrimage routes of our time. Structured and institutionalised since the Middle Ages, this pilgrimage path is today, as in the past, at the origin of a prosperous economy in the regions it crosses. However, it is far from these considerations that, each year, an increasing number of individuals decide to leave their home to go walking towards the apostle's grave. Considering the tension between tradition and modernity, in this paper I will analyse the extent to which this "invented" space is at the same time a source of dissent between the diff erent actors, while crystallizing the expectations, hopes and doubts of thousands of individuals in Western society, individuals who constantly redefi ne this space by endowing a new identity, the one of pilgrims of Saint James.
MicroRNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Pathogenesis to Clinical Utility

Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in the regulation of immunological functions including innate and adaptive immune responses, development and differentiation of immune cells, and the prevention of autoimmunity. The current state of our knowledge in this area is far from being complete, and continued investigations will be needed to reveal a better understanding of the miRNA network that is involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In RA, miRNA plays an important role in many different cellular processes. It has been shown that they modulate inflammatory responses, proliferation of synoviocytes, and production of metalloproteinases in rheumatoid joins and affect the development, differentiation, effector, and regulatory functions of T and B cells and cytokine production. The specific circulating miRNA species may also be useful for the diagnosis, classification, and prognosis of diseases and prediction of the therapeutic response.
Conceptual Study of Agile Software Development

This paper consists of comparative study of agile processes. Agile processes have important applications in the areas of software project management, software schedule management, etc. In particular the aim of agile processes is to satisfy the customer, faster development times with lower defects rate. Agile development is invented for handling change. This paper compares the agile processes with other software development life cycle models. Agile processes are not always advantageous in every case, they have some disadvantages as well. So the advantages and disadvantages of agile processes are also discussed in this paper.
Effect of Aluminium Toxicity on Primary Cortical Astrocytes

The in vitro potential of aluminium to induce pro-oxidant or antioxidant effects, were studied in rat primary cortical astrocytes. These cells were exposed to aluminium (as aluminium sulphate) at different concentration. The results revealed that aluminium has a differential effect on the rat primary cortical astrocytes. The toxic effects was assessed using mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT); cell viability as revealed by Fluorescein diacetate-Propidium iodide (FDA-PI) staining; glutathione content; lipid peroxidation as determined by malondialdehyde production and reactive oxygen production (ROS). The data suggests that aluminium has both pro-oxidant and antioxidant effects.
Ocean information provided through ensemble ocean syntheses

Analyzing ocean variability, understanding its importance for the climate system, and quantifying its socio-economic impacts are among the primarymotivations for obtaining ongoing global ocean observations. There are several possible approaches to address these tasks. One with much potential for future ocean information services and for climate predictionsis called ocean synthesis, and is concerned with merging all available ocean observations with the dynamics embedded in an ocean circulation model to obtain estimates of the changing ocean that are more accurate than either system alone can provide. The field of ocean synthesis has matured over the last decade. Several global ocean syntheses exist today and can be used toinvestigate key scientific questions, such as changes in sea level, heat content, or transports. This CWP summarizes climate variability as seen by several ocean syntheses, describes similarities and differences in these solutions and uses results to highlight developments necessary over the next decade to improve ocean products and services. It appears that multi-model ensemble approaches can be useful to obtain better estimates of the ocean. To make full use of such a system, though, one needs detailed errorinformation not only about data and models, but also about the estimated states. Results show that estimates tend to cluster around methodologies and therefore are not necessarily independent from each other. Results also reveal the impact of a historically under-sampled ocean on estimates of inter-decadal variability in the ocean. To improve future estimates, we need not only to sustain the existing observing system but to extend it to include full-depth ARGO-type measurements, enhanced information about boundary currents and transports through key regions, and to keep all important satellitesensors flying indefinitely, including altimetry, gravimetry and ice thickness, microwave SST observations, wind stress measurements and oceancolor. We also need to maintain ocean state estimation as an integral part of the ocean observing and information system.
Close-in planetesimal formation by pile-up of drifting pebbles

The consistency of planet formation models suffers from the disconnection between the regime of small and large bodies. This is primarily caused by so-called growth barriers: the direct growth of larger bodies is halted at centimetre-sized objects and particular conditions are required for the formation of larger, gravitationally bound planetesimals. We aim to connect models of dust evolution and planetesimal formation to identify regions of protoplanetary discs that are favourable for the formation of kilometre-sized bodies and the first planetary embryos. We combine semi-analytical models of viscous protoplanetary disc evolution, dust growth and drift including backreaction of the dust particles on the gas, and planetesimal formation via the streaming instability into one numerical code. We investigate how planetesimal formation is affected by the mass of the protoplanetary disc, its initial dust content, and the stickiness of dust aggregates. We find that the dust growth and drift leads to a global redistribution of solids. The pile-up of pebbles in the inner disc provides local conditions where the streaming instability is effective. Planetesimals form in an annulus with its inner edge lying between 0.3 AU and 1 AU and its width ranging from 0.3 AU to 3 AU. The resulting surface density of planetesimals follows a radial profile that is much steeper than the initial disc profile. These results support formation of terrestrial planets in the solar system from a narrow annulus of planetesimals, which reproduces their peculiar mass ratios.
Teachers's competence and confidence regarding the use of ICT

The aim of this paper is to present a qualitative multiple case study research on primary school teachers’ competence and confidence level regarding the use of ICT in the teach‐ ing and learning practice carried out in five different European countries (Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and The Netherlands). Focus group interview was the central data collec‐ tion technique used in this study. As a result of the data analysis some important issues emerged which gave rise to four main dimensions ‐ individual factors, contextual factors (at macro and micro levels) and factors related with teacher training and education. These factors may function as anchor‐points (main categories) for the elaboration of the instru‐ ments for further research. Palavras‐chave: ICT, Innovation, Teachers, Competence, Confidence. Peralta, Helena & Costa, Fernando Albuquerque (2007). Teachers’ Competence and Confidence re‐ garding the Use of ICT. Sisifo. Educational Sciences Journal, 03, pp. 75‐84. Retrieved [month, year] from http://sisifo.fpce. ul.pt
Semi-Automatic Analysis of Dictionary Glosses

Automatic methods for information retrieval, knowledge engineering/representation and text classification are important tools for processing large amounts of natural language. Lexicographic databases are being used as part of the toolset for some of these methodologies. At the Department of Linguistic and Scandinavian Studies (UiO), a Norwegian wordnet (NorNet) is being developed by applying a thorough analysis of the semantic parts of the definitions contained in Bokmålsordboka (BOB) in order to generate a network of semantic relations. In addition to the development of a wordnet using this dictionary-based method, the analysis stage of the process is valuable in itself as it can be used to give new insights into the consistency of the source material and gloss structure in general. An overview of the analysis stage is presented in this paper. The analysis is limited to verb definitions for the time being, and should be regarded as a work in progress.
CUI JIA Paper: CHINESE PATTERN DESIGN USING GENERATIVE SHAPE GRAMMAR

Art design, especially graphic design, is an abstractive and intuitive process which is difficult to formulate apart from visualization. Shape Grammar can be a powerful tool using the elements of shapes and rules for transformations. With a rule base, the application of Shape Grammar can orient the future shape development to a promising direction. Yunnan embroidery patterns have a long history and local cultural features. They are created by villagers who lived in the country close to nature, with imaginative natural curves, shapes and colours. Most of the applications on Shape Grammar so far are based on the orthogonal lines. However, this study creates curvy patterns with different colours by analyzing the characters of the existing embroideries created by the villagers, aiming at achieving auto-generation of new patterns with the similar features. The whole process is based on a generative system with a Shape Grammar representation in two-dimensional space. The intent of this study is to show that such SG and representation can support human designers to create newer styles easily, faster and visually.
Updating Time for Dependable Secure Computing Systems

In this paper, we investigate information security of a dependable secure computing system. We determine the optimal time for updating the secret shares for a (k, n) thresholdbased secret sharing system with the proactive secret sharing (PSS) capability so as to prevent adversaries from gaining access. The proposed method is based on a novel concept of survivability of reconfigurable systems we developed. It is shown that secret updating time increases with k, which is the number of secret shares for reconstructing the secret.
Role of government funding in fostering collaboration between knowledge-based organizations: Evidence from the solar PV industry in China

As a knowledge-based industry, the structure of the solar photovoltaic industry is influenced continuously by transformations which originate from technosciences. This paper adopts the notion of the ‘science’ community to include universities and research institutes to examine government funding impact on science–industry collaboration in the Chinese solar photovoltaic industry. The triple helix model of university–industry–government relations for explaining structural developments in knowledge-based economies is often used to depict integration among functions of knowledge creation, business production and governance control at the interfaces in these knowledge-based organizations. Through comparisons between subsidized and nonsubsidised R&D activities, based on 10,366 scientific publications derived from the databases of Web of Science during the period from 2003 to 2013, the impact of government funding on their research collaboration is examined in the solar photovoltaic industry take-off phase and acceleration phase. The findings show that the three helices interact to foster collaboration between the knowledge-based organizations where the government–science link and the government–industry link are fairly strong, but the science–industry link is relatively weak. In consequence, policy-makers should develop more effective mechanisms to foster knowledge diffusion between science and industry.
Frost resistance of seeds in Mediterranean oaks and the role of litter in the thermal protection of acorns

On a teste la resistance intrinseque a la gelee dans les semences de quatre especes de chenes mediterraneens (Quercus coccifera, Q. faginea, Q. ilex et Q. pyrenaica) differents par la phenologie de l'abscission foliaire. Des methodes d'analyse thermique et des mesures de fuite de polyelectrolytes ont ete utilisees pour etablir les temperatures letales. Les resultats montrent une meilleure resistance des especes a feuilles persistantes dans l'ordre suivant (Q. coccifera, Q. ilex, Q. faginea, Q. pyrenaica). La litiere produite par les especes a feuilles caduques en tant que possible protecteur thermique permettrait la survie des glands ayant une resistance intrinseque insuffissante vis-a-vis des temperatures hivernales de la region. De plus, on a mesure les differences de temperature en-dessous et dessous la litiere pendant une periode hivernale dans une foret de Q. faginea. L'effet de la litiere en tant que protecteur thermique a ete confirme.
Characterization of temporal and spatial variation in subwatersheds of the Strawberry River, AR, prior to implementation of agricultural best management practices

Benthic macroinvertebrate (BMI) assessments indicate alterations in physical and/or chemical factors making them valuable tools when attempting to assess agricultural best management practices (BMPs). The purpose of this study was to obtain pre-BMP land cover and macroinvertebrate community data in order to characterize temporal and spatial variation in three catchments: Little Strawberry (LS), Greasy Creek (GC), and Sandy Creek (SC) of the Strawberry River Watershed, located in north central Arkansas, in order to establish baseline conditions. BMIs were collected for the three subwatersheds in 1995, 1999, 2002, 2003 and 2009. Taxa richness, Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI) and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) score, % dominant taxa, and % Diptera were used as indicators of water quality and habitat changes. All subwatersheds experienced decreased forest land cover indicating land use transition. All resulting BMI measures indicate overall stable habitat and water conditions in the LS subwatershed. Results for GC subwatershed vary with taxa richness, EPT and HBI indicating a stable habitat while increasing % dominant taxa and Diptera indicate a decreasing trend in overall habitat quality. All BMI measures in the SC subwatershed indicate decreasing trend in habitat quality. The most sensitive measure to temporal changes was % Diptera. Trends were not consistent among subwatersheds indicating the importance of continued data collection to establish baseline data and truly monitor changes in aquatic systems over time.