Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trading Signatures: Investor Attention Allocation in Stock Markets

Investors in stock markets distribute their limited attention across different securities. Drawing on recent findings on social behavior, we ask whether there are persistent, characteristic patterns in how household investors distribute their attention. Our study builds on a large data set that contains every transaction of hundreds of thousands of households in a stock market for over 20 years. We find that the ways how investors distribute their attention are not only distinctive, but invariant with respect to changes in their portfolios. Moreover, investor behavior is surprisingly persistent: it takes at least seven years for an investor to significantly change her attention distribution. These observations are strikingly similar to recent findings on how people manage their social networks. However, in contrast to social relationships, time constraints do not appear to limit investors’ activeness in the markets.
High-sensitivity troponins in dialysis patients: variation and prognostic value

Abstract Background Dialysis patients have a high prevalence of cardiovascular mortality but also elevated cardiac troponins (cTns) even without signs of cardiac ischaemia. The study aims to assess variation and prognostic value of high-sensitivity cTnI and cTnT in prevalent dialysis patients. Methods In 198 prevalent haemodialysis (HD) and 78 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, 4-monthly serum troponin I and T measurements were obtained. Reference change values (RCVs) were used for variability assessment and competing-risk regression models for survival analyses; maximal follow-up was 50 months. Results HD and PD patients had similar troponin levels [median (interquartile range) troponin I: 25 ng/L (14–43) versus 21 ng/L (11–37), troponin T: 70 ng/L (44–129) versus 67 ng/L (43–123)]. Of troponin I and T levels, 42% versus 98% were above the decision level of myocardial infarction. RCVs were +68/−41% (troponin I) and +29/−23% (troponin T). Increased variability of troponins related to higher age, male sex, protein-energy wasting and congestive heart failure, but not ischaemic heart disease or dialysis form. Elevated troponin T, but not troponin I, predicted death after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions A large proportion of prevalent dialysis patients without current established or ongoing cardiac events have elevated levels of high-sensitivity cTns. Mortality risk was doubled in patients with persistently high troponin T levels. The large intraindividual variation of cTns suggests that serial measurements and reference change levels may be used to improve diagnostic utility. However, evidence-based recommendations require more data from large studies of dialysis patients with cardiac events.
Adapt or Exchange: Making changes within or between contexts in a modular plant scenario

Most psychological studies investigating the balance between stability and flexibility in decision making use specific restrictions in their scenarios. These restrictions are likely to affect decision process, and it is unclear which of the findings can be transferred to more naturalistic decision contexts that call for a balance between stability and flexibility. Therefore, the present study used a scenario that is inspired by the problem structure found in a particular domain: Adapt/Exchange decisions in modular chemical plants. In this setting, we investigated whether participants engage in a thorough comparison of options and whether they perseverate on their previous choices when decision sequences increasingly favour one or the other option. The results suggest that instead of comparing options, participants used a satisficing strategy, checking whether Adapt was good enough and only computing an Exchange solution when it was not. Sequence effects were found, but their direction was opposite to the choice perseveration predicted from the literature: In sequences initially favouring Adapt, participants started exploring the Exchange option early on, while in sequences initially demanding Exchange, they preferred Adapt as soon as it became possible. The results raise questions about the application of psychological theories to complex decisions between qualitatively different options.
The Influence of Metal-containing Occupational Dust on Pulmonary Surfactant Activity

Workers can be exposed in their working environment to dust particles containing metals and their compounds. Long-term exposure to those particles can induce pathological disorders of the respiratory system. Pulmonary surfactant is the first barrier between the air inhaled into the alveoli and the lung tissue with pulmonary capillaries. External agents such as inhaled aerosol particles containing metals and their compounds deposited at the alveolar surface can influence the pulmonary surfactant dynamics. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of metal-containing occupational dust on the surface activity of the pulmonary surfactant. Dusts emitted during metal machining were used in this study to prepare dust particle suspensions in a model pulmonary surfactant. Survanta (Abbott, France) diluted with physiological salt was used as the model pulmonary surfactant; it represented the physicochemical properties of a natural surfactant. Particle concentrations corresponded to calculated dust contents in the alveolar hypophase after inhalation of dust at a given concentration in the air. Surface phenomena in the alveolus during the breathing cycles were simulated with a pulsating bubble surfactometer. Three quantitative criteria were evaluated to describe the dynamic surface properties of the pulmonary surfactant: the minimum surface tension (σmin), the normalized hysteresis area (HAn) and the stability index (SI). Changes in HAn, SI and σmin of the model pulmonary surfactant after contact with dust particles emitted during metal machining suggest deactivation of the pulmonary surfactant dynamics by metal-containing occupational aerosols.
Carotid Pulse Wave Analysis: Future Direction of Hemodynamic and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

Evaluation of the hemodynamic function of the cardiovascular system via measurement of the mechanical properties of the large arteries may provide a substantial improvement over present techniques. Practitioners are familiar with the problem of low reproducibility of conventional sphygmomanometry, which exhibits reasonable accuracy but low precision owing to its marked variability over time and in different circumstances (e.g., the white coat effect). Arterial wall stiffness is a consequence of atherosclerosis developing over time; thus, it has little short-term variability and is thus preferable to be used as a prognostic marker. In particular, arterial stiffness can be evaluated at the carotid artery using noninvasive approaches based on wearable sensor technologies for pulse wave analysis. These enable the assessment of central pressures and pulse waveform parameters that are expected to replace peripheral blood pressure measurement using the inflatable cuff. In this study, we discuss this simple and inexpensive technique, which has been shown to be reliable with the clinical and epidemiological evidence for its use as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk.
A Novel Set of Immune-associated Gene Signature predicts Biochemical Recurrence in Localized Prostate Cancer Patients after Radical Prostatectomy

Background: Decision-making regarding biochemical recurrence (BCR) in localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients after radical prostatectomy (RP) mainly relies on clinicopathological parameters with a low predictive accuracy. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that immune-associated genes (IAGs) play irreplaceable roles in tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis. Considering the critical role of immune in PCa, we therefore attempted to identify the novel IAGs signature and validate its prognostic value that can better forecast the risk for BCR and guide clinical treatment. Methods: RNA-sequencing and corresponding clinicopathological data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to screen out the candidate module closely related to BCR, and univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses were performed to build the gene signature. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, time-dependent receiver operating curve (ROC), independent prognostic analysis and nomogram were also applied to evaluate the prognostic value of the signature. Besides, Gene ontology analysis (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to explore potential biological pathways. Results: A total of six IAGs (SSTR1, NFATC3, NRP1, TUBB3, IL1R1, GDF15) were eventually identified and used to establish a novel IAGs signature. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with low-risk scores had longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) than those with high-risk scores in both GSE70769 and TCGA cohorts. Further, our signature was also proven to be a valuable independent prognostic factor for BCR. We also constructed a nomogram based on the gene signature and related clinicopathologic features, which excellently predict 1-year, 3-year and 5-year prognosis of localized PCa patients after RP. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis demonstrated the vital biological processes, and stratified GSEA revealed that a crucial immune-related pathway (T cell receptor signaling pathway) was notably enriched in the high-risk group. Conclusions: We successfully developed a novel robust IAGs signature that is powerful in BCR prediction in localized PCa patients after RP, and created a prognostic nomogram. In addition, the signature might help clinicians in selecting high-risk subpopulation, predicting survival status of patients and promoting more individualized therapies than traditional clinical factors.
Creating a Femoral Tunnel Aperture at the Anteromedial Footprint Versus the Central Footprint in ACL Reconstruction: Comparison of Contact Stress Patterns

Background: It remains unclear whether an anteromedial (AM) footprint or a central footprint anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft exhibits less contact stress with the femoral tunnel aperture. This contact stress can generate graft attrition forces, which can lead to potential graft failure. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in contact stress patterns of the graft around a femoral tunnel that is created at the anatomic AM footprint versus the central footprint. It was hypothesized that the difference in femoral tunnel positions would influence the contact stress at the interface between the reconstructed graft and the femoral tunnel orifice. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 24 patients who underwent anatomic single-bundle ACL reconstruction were included in this study. In 12 patients, the femoral tunnels were created at the center of the native AM footprint (AM group), and in the remaining 12 patients the center of the femoral tunnel was placed in the anatomic central footprint (central group). Three-dimensional knee models were created and manipulated using several modeling programs, and the graft-tunnel angle (GTA) was determined using a special software program. The peak contact stresses generated on the virtual ACL graft around the femoral tunnel orifice were calculated using a finite element method. Results: The mean GTA was significantly more obtuse in the AM group than in the central group (124.2° ± 5.9° vs 112.6° ± 7.9°; P = .001). In general, both groups showed high stress distribution on the anterior surface of the graft, which came in contact with the anterior aspect of the femoral tunnel aperture. The degree of stress in the central group (5.3 ± 2.6 MPa) was significantly higher than that in the AM group (1.2 ± 1.1 MPa) (P < .001). Conclusion: Compared with the AM footprint ACL graft, the central footprint ACL graft developed significantly higher contact stress in the extended position, especially around the anterior aspect of the femoral tunnel orifice. Clinical Relevance: The contact stress of the ACL graft at the extended position of the knee may be minimized by creating the femoral tunnel at the AM-oriented footprint.
Lenvatinib induces anticancer activity in gallbladder cancer by targeting AKT

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is characterized by poor prognosis, early metastasis, and high recurrence rates, which seriously threaten human health. The effect of lenvatinib, a widely used drug in anti-hepatocellular carcinoma in China, on GBC progress, as well as its underlying molecular mechanism, remains unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of lenvatinib on human GBC GBC-SD and NOZ cells and its underlying mechanisms. A series of experiments, including cell proliferation, clone formation, wound healing, and cell migration and invasion assays, as well as flow cytometry, were performed to investigate the anticancer effect of lenvatinib on GBC. Western blotting was used to detect alterations in protein expression of CKD2, CKD4, cyclin D1, caspase-9, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, cell migration-inducing protein (CEMIP) and phospho-AKT (p-AKT). In addition, the chemosensitivity of lenvatinib-treated GBC cells to gemcitabine (GEM) and whether the activation of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT contributed to the chemoresistance were determined. Finally, the anticancer effect of lenvatinib in vivo was detected using a xenograft mouse model. These data showed that treatment with lenvatinib inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation ability, migration, induced apoptosis, regulated cell cycle and resulted in decreased resistance to GEM. Treatment with lenvatinib decreased the expression of MMP-2, CEMIP, CDK2, CDK4 and cyclin D1, and increased the expression of cleaved caspase-9, which was mediated by the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in vitro. In addition, lenvatinib inhibited autophagy in GBC-SD and NOZ cells. Besides, Lenvatinib suppressed GBC cell growth in vivo by targeting p-AKT. In combination, the present data indicated that lenvatinib plays a potential anticancer role in GBC by downregulating the expression of p-AKT.
Public Health Informatics, Human Factors and the End-Users

There is an unspoken assumption in public health informatics that, “If you build it, they will come. ” In this commentary, we argue that building it, is not enough. Without end-user focus on human factors issues that are identified and resolved prior to implementation, “they may come, but they won’t stay! ” We argue that to engage public health professionals with new innovative technology, 1 must continually ask during the development process, “who are we building this product for and do we have the right information to back up our theories on implementation and use? ” With the myriad of public health informatics introduced amid the COVID-19 pandemic, there are many choices. For those languishing, we note that this question may not have been sufficiently pursued resulting in situations where “they may come, but they won’t stay! ”
YML018C protein localizes to the vacuolar membrane independently of Atg27p

The function of the budding yeast YML018C protein remains to be determined. High-throughput studies have reported that the YML018C protein localizes to the vacuolar membrane and physically interacts with the autophagy-related protein Atg27p. While this evidence suggests a potential role for this uncharacterized protein in the process of autophagy, the function of this putative interaction remains uncharacterized. In this micropublication, we report our finding that the localization of the YML018C protein to the vacuolar membrane does not require Atg27p.
Systematic Review of Outcome Measures Used After Proximal Hamstring Repair

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures are important to determine outcomes after orthopaedic procedures. There is currently no standard for outcome measures in the evaluation of patient outcomes after proximal hamstring repair. Purpose: To identify and evaluate outcome measures used after proximal hamstring repair. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify all English-language articles assessing outcomes after proximal hamstring repair in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, MEDLINE via OvidSP, and Web of Science between 2000 and 2019. After duplicates were removed, studies were selected using eligibility criteria established by the authors. Image reviews, anatomic/histology studies, literature reviews, surgical technique reports, systematic reviews, narrative reviews, case studies, and studies with <5 patients were excluded. Extraction, synthesis, and analysis of outcome measure data were performed using Microsoft Excel. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies criteria. Results: After duplicate articles were removed, a total of 304 unique articles were identified and 27 met the inclusion criteria. The mean number of patients with proximal hamstring repairs per study was 40. The most frequently reported outcome measures were return to sport (14/27; 51.9%), custom survey/questionnaire (13/27; 48.1%), and isokinetic hamstring strength testing (13/27; 48.1%). Six of the 10 most commonly used outcome measures were validated and included Lower Extremity Functional Scale, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, visual analog scale for pain, Perth Hamstring Assessment Tool (PHAT), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation, and Tegner Activity Scale. Of those, PHAT was the only validated outcome measure designed for proximal hamstring repair. Conclusion: There is currently no consensus on the best outcome measurements for the evaluation of patients after proximal hamstring repair. We recommend an increased commitment to the use of return to sport, isokinetic strength testing, Lower Extremity Functional Scale, and PHAT when assessing such injuries. Future studies should aim to define the most reliable methods of outcome measurement in this patient population through consistent use of tools that are clinically relevant and important to patients and can easily be employed in a variety of clinical scenarios.
NEW TITRIMETRIC ESTIMATION OF NAPROXEN BULK DRUG SAMPLE USING IBUPROFEN SODIUM AS HYDROTROPIC SOLUBILIZING AGENT

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT In solubility determination, it was found that ther e is tremendous increase in solubility of naproxen in hydrotropic 0.5 M ibuprofen sodium solution. In the present investigation, solution of 0.5 M ibuprofen sodium (an economic hydrotropic agent) has been employed to solubilize a poorly water soluble drug naproxen for its titrimetric analysis. The results of analysis by proposed method are very comparable with those of British Pharmacopoeial method. The proposed method is new, rapid, simple and reproducible. Th e proposed method of analysis does not involve the us e of an organic solvent, hence it is eco-friendly a nd safe method.
Efficacy and Safety of Dotinurad in Hyperuricemic Patients With or Without Gout: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Introduction A systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of dotinurad in hyperuricemic patients with or without gout. Dotinurad is a novel selective urate reabsorption inhibitor (SURI) that increases uric acid excretion by selectively inhibiting urate transporter 1 (URAT1). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis conducted to gauge the efficacy and safety of dotinurad. Methods Electronic databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched from inception till March 2, 2021, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. Randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of dotinurad with placebo- or active (febuxostat or benzbromarone) control were included. The eligible studies were analyzed with RevMan 5.3 Software (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen). Results Four eligible studies, consisting of 684 hyperuricemic patients were included. The number of patients who achieved serum uric acid (sUA) levels ≤ 6.0 mg/dl favoured dotinurad 1 mg group as compared to placebo group (risk ratio {RR} = 39.27, 95% onfidence interval {CI}, 5.59 to 275.65; p = 0.0002), dotinurad 2 mg group compared with placebo group (RR = 45.36, 95% CI, 6.48 to 317.38; p= 0.0001), and dotinurad 4 mg group compared with placebo group (RR = 54.16, 95% CI, 7.76 to 377.77; p < 0.0001). Conversely, there was no significant difference in the number of patients who achieved the target sUA levels between dotinurad 2 mg and active control (RR = 1.00, 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.08; p = 0.91). Moreover, the percentage change in sUA levels from baseline to final visit favoured dotinurad 1 mg vs. placebo ((RR = 36.51, 95% CI, 33.00 to 40.02; p < 0.00001), dotinurad 2 mg vs. placebo (RR = 46.70, 95% CI, 42.53 to 50.87; p < 0.00001), and dotinurad 4 mg vs. placebo (RR = 63.84, 95% CI, 60.51 to 67.16; p < 0.00001), while no significant difference was seen in dotinurad 2 mg vs. active control (RR = -0.08, 95% CI, -4.27 to 4.11; p= 0.97). Compared with active or placebo control, dotinurad 2 mg showed no significant difference in the number of events of gouty arthritis (RR= 1.31, 95% CI, 0.47 to 3.71; p = 0.60), the number patients with adverse events (RR = 1.09, 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.30; p = 0.36), and the number of patients who experienced adverse drug reactions (RR = 1.00, 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.47; p = 0.99). Conclusion Dotinurad shows significant improvement in serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemic individuals with or without gout. Its urate-lowering effect is comparable to the commonly available anti-hyperuricemic agents. Moreover, it is effective at doses 1 mg, 2 mg, and 4 mg and well-tolerated at a dose of 2 mg.
Relationship between coping/attachment styles and infertility-specific distress in Iranian infertile individuals: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Infertility has been recognized as a stressful clinical condition, significantly affecting couples' emotional functioning. Objective To investigate the relationship between coping/attachment styles and infertility-specific distress (ISD) in infertile participants. Materials and Methods Atotal number of 240 infertile participants (120 women and 120 men) who attend the Outpatient Infertility Clinic in Sari, Iran between February and October 2017 were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic variables. In addition, coping and attachment styles were evaluated via the Coping Strategies Questionnaire and the Revised Adult Attachment Scale by Collins and Read (1990); respectively. Ultimately, the Infertility Distress Scale was used to assess ISD. Results The mean ISD score was 42.53 ± 9.63. Secure and insecure attachment styles were observed in 37.9% and 62.1% of the cases, respectively. There was a significant difference among ISD and different groups of attachment styles (p = 0.001) and emotion-focused coping style (p = 0.021). However, no significant relationship was found between problem-focused coping style and ISD (p = 0.985). Conclusion Considering the relationship between coping/attachment styles and ISD, it was recommended to implement stress prevention and coping education within the framework of coping/attachment theories for infertile individuals.