Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A simulation model for electromagnetic transients in lightning protection systems

This paper deals with the evaluation of electromagnetic transients in a lightning protection system (LPS). A field approach is used, based on the numerical solution of a modified version of the thin-wire electric field integral equation in the frequency domain. Time profiles of interesting electromagnetic quantities are computed by using a discrete fast Fourier transform algorithm. The model takes into account coupling effects among aerial parts and ground electrodes in order to correctly estimate the quantities which can determine electromagnetic hazard inside the LPS; transient touch and step voltages can be easily evaluated also taking into account the human body presence on the soil surface. To this purpose, a crucial point is the accurate evaluation of the current distribution among the earthed branches of the LPS and this needs to correctly consider mutual electromagnetic interference among the aerial parts and the earth-termination system of the same LPS. A suitable approach to consider the lossy soil is employed. Validation of the proposed model is performed by comparing the results with those measured and computed available in technical literature. Simulation examples related to realistic LPS structures are presented and discussed to show the flexibility and the accuracy of the model in the range of practical applications inside the volume to be protected.
Will Smog Cause Mental Health Problems? Indication from a Microsurvey of 35 Major Cities in China

Using the survey data of 21,861 participants from 35 major cities in China in 2018 and 2019, the effect of air quality on participants’ mental health was empirically tested based on the ordered probit model. The results showed that smog can significantly influence the mental health of participants. The better the air quality, the better the participants’ mental health, while poor air quality results in poor mental health. The older and higher-paid participants demonstrated poorer mental health. Additionally, for different health conditions, the air quality had different effects on the participants’ mental health. The healthier the participants, the more sensitive their mental health to changes in air pollution; the poorer the physical condition of the participants, the less sensitive their mental health to changes in air quality. Therefore, we need to more comprehensively and scientifically understand the effect of air quality on health. We need to pay attention not only to the adverse effects of smog on participants’ physical health, but also to its effects on participants’ mental health to improve both the physical and mental health of participants by improving the air quality.
Gaze Analysis of Pianists’ Sight-reading: Comparison Between Expert Pianists and Students Training to Be Pianists

One of the most important skills for a pianist is sight-reading, which is the ability to read an unknown music score and play it. In recent years, research has analysed eye movement during sight-reading. However, the definition of sight-reading has varied. In addition, the participants enlisted as experts in most studies have been music college students. The present study aimed to compare eye movements during sight-reading between experts, teachers at a music college and pianists, and non-experts, music college students studying to become pianists, using an eye tracker. Using easy and difficult music scores for two-handed playing, we investigated whether there were differences in the number of eye fixations, fixation duration, and eye-hand span. The definition of sight-reading in this study is to read a novel music score once without playing the piano, and then to play it while looking at the music score. The results showed that the higher the piano performance rating, the longer the eye-hand span. Areas of interest (AOIs) were defined every two rows, including a treble and bass staff in each music score. We conducted a two-factor repeated measures ANOVA (group × AOI) for each dependent variable to analyse fixation count and fixation duration per eye fixation. There was a significant interaction for the fixation count between groups and AOIs both without and with performance in the difficult score. In experts, the number of eye fixations on the difficult part of difficult score increased compared with other part both without and with performances. By contrast, there was a significant interaction for the duration per eye fixation between groups and AOIs in easy score with performance. The duration per eye fixation in experts was shorter than that in non-experts in the easy score with performance. These results suggest that experts get information through short gaze fixations.
The relationship between hemoglobin A1c levels and thrombus load in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and coronary thrombus load in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Materials and Methods: Ninety diabetic patients with NSTEMI were recruited for the study. They were separated into two groups according to HbA1c levels. Forty-seven patients having HbA1c ≤6.5% formed Group-I (35 male, mean age 58 ± 10.5 years) and the remaining 43 patients with HbA1c >6.5% formed Group-II (23 male, mean age 58 ± 11.1 years). Both the groups were evaluated in terms of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) thrombus score and Syntax score. Results: Baseline patient characteristics were comparable in both the groups. TIMI thrombus score and Syntax score were higher in Group II than in Group I (3.2 ± 1.4 vs. 4.7 ± 0.5 and 20.2 ± 3.4 vs. 26.3 ± 3.0 respectively, P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in other parameters. In stepwise linear regression analysis, prepercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and post-PCI TIMI frame number and HbA1c were significantly related to the coronary thrombus scale. However, no significant relationship has been found between thrombus formation and hypertension, previous PCI history, pre-PCI heart rate, pre-PCI cholesterol status, and high-sensitive troponin T. Conclusion: In NSTEMI with T2DM, increased HbA1c (HbA1c >6.5%) is related with coronary thrombus in the target vessel. In those patient population, strict anticoagulation should be considered to prevent potential adverse events.
Uncertainty in Computational Aerodynamics

J. M. Luckring, M. J. Hemsch , J. H. MorrisonAerodynamics, Aerothermodynamics, and Acoustics CompetencyNASA Langley Research CenterHampton, VirginiaABSTRACTAn approach is presented to treat computationalaerodynamics as a process, subject to the fundamentalquality assurance principles of process control andprocess improvement. We consider several aspectsaffecting uncertainty for the computationalaerodynamic process and present a set of stages todetermine the level of management required to meetrisk assumptions desired by the customer of thepredictions•CA
Gain of Spontaneous clpX Mutations Boosting Motility via Adaption to Environments in Escherichia coli

Motility is finely regulated and is crucial to bacterial processes including colonization and biofilm formation. There is a trade-off between motility and growth in bacteria with molecular mechanisms not fully understood. Hypermotile Escherichia coli could be isolated by evolving non-motile cells on soft agar plates. Most of the isolates carried mutations located upstream of the flhDC promoter region, which upregulate the transcriptional expression of the master regulator of the flagellum biosynthesis, FlhDC. Here, we identified that spontaneous mutations in clpX boosted the motility of E. coli largely, inducing several folds of changes in swimming speed. Among the mutations identified, we further elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying the ClpXV78F mutation on the regulation of E. coli motility. We found that the V78F mutation affected ATP binding to ClpX, resulting in the inability of the mutated ClpXP protease to degrade FlhD as indicated by both structure modeling and in vitro protein degradation assays. Moreover, our proteomic data indicated that the ClpXV78F mutation elevated the stability of known ClpXP targets to various degrees with FlhD as one of the most affected. In addition, the specific tag at the C-terminus of FlhD being recognized for ClpXP degradation was identified. Finally, our transcriptome data characterized that the enhanced expression of the motility genes in the ClpXV78F mutations was intrinsically accompanied by the reduced expression of stress resistance genes relating to the reduced fitness of the hypermotile strains. A similar pattern was observed for previously isolated hypermotile E. coli strains showing high expression of flhDC at the transcriptional level. Hence, clpX appears to be a hot locus comparable to the upstream of the flhDC promoter region evolved to boost bacterial motility, and our finding provides insight into the reduced fitness of the hypermotile bacteria.
Material models of healthy, intermediate and aged aortic wall for simulation of traumatic rupture of aorta

The mechanical characteristics of the healthy aortic wall have been described as incompressible, non-linear, anisotropic and visco-elastic (Vito and Dixon 2003). The non-linearity of the aortic tissue has been generally modelled by means of hyper-elastic material laws defined through a strain energy density function (SEDF; Fung et al. 1979). However, it is agreed that aortic wall’s stiffness increases with age (Greenwald 2007). The loss of elasticity and reduced compliance is the result of structural and morphological changes. The aim of this study was to define effective aortic wall constitutive models for ‘healthy’, ‘aged’ and ‘intermediate’ aortas for finiteelement analysis of traumatic rupture of aorta.
The effects of constellation density on trellis-coded modulation in fading channels

Dense constellations such as 16-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) have not seen much use in mobile communication because of their greater peak-to-average power ratio and their seemingly greater sensitivity to noise and channel interference. It is demonstrated that dense constellations can actually improve performance. Using a completely analytical method, three constellations are compared with the same net throughput of 2 bits/symbol: uncoded QPSK (quadrature phase-shift keying), rate 2/3 TCM (trellis-coded modulation) 8-PSK and rate 1/2 TCM 16-QAM. Comparison on the basis of average power puts TCM 16-QAM 5-dB ahead of TCM 8-PSK (phase-shift keying). Even comparison on the basis of peak power gives TCM 16-QAM a 2.44-dB advantage over TCM 8-PSK. QPSK is much poorer than either. >
Computer‐aided deep learning model for identification of lymphoblast cell using microscopic leukocyte images

The conventional technique of leukocyte cell classification involves segmenting the required portion of cells from input image, extracting features of the segmented nuclei, reducing and optimizing these features and then implements the classifier. Thus, designing a good classifier by using such techniques increases the time complexity of the system. In order to resolve such issues, the proposed work implements the deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)‐based models for classifying malignant versus normal WBCs. The proposed system is validated on 108 images of ALL‐IDB 1. Due to limited number of training samples, data augmentation is used to create a similar type of virtual image. In this work, experimentation is carried out for discrimination between normal and infected WBC using DCNN with four different activation functions. By using this method, a set of 6000 samples are generated and used for proper training of the DL model for all activation functions. The performance of each trained model is evaluated in terms of accuracy, recall, precision and F‐measure with the maximum values of 98.1%, 98.3%, 98.3% and 98.3% are achieved, respectively. Finally, it has been concluded that the defined DCNN model and ReLu activation function yield outstanding performance for lymphoblast characterization using microscopic blood images.
DATA-BASED APPROACHES IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF LIFE CYCLE PROFIT MODELS

Abstract Changes in operational environment of the process industry such as decreasing selling prices, increased competition between companies and new legislation, set requirements for performance and effectiveness of the industrial production lines and processes. In this study, a life cycle profit model of a pulp process was constructed. This model was based on different kind of process information like consumption and production levels of material and energy flows in unit processes. However, all the information needed for correlation calculations was not directly provided by information systems of the mill. Therefore we used correlation analyses and self-organizing map to determine missing dependencies between process variables. These data-based approaches were tested using an example, in which factors affecting the alkaline chemical consumption in the bleaching stage were solved. The results show that these methods can be successfully applied to improve the accuracy of life cycle profit models. Copyright © 2002 IFAC
Parallel operation of shunt active power filters with capacity limitation control

This paper presents a capacity-limitation technique to enlarge the power capacity that can be handled by the shunt active power filters (APFs). The capacity limited includes the reactive power as well as the amplitude of the distortion current supplied by the APFs. Under capacity-limitation control m+1 APFs supply the load reactive power with m APFs supplying their rated power and one APF supplying a fraction of its rated value. Similarly, n+1 APFs supply the load current harmonic with n APFs supplying the distortion current limited in amplitude and one APF supplying a fraction of its limited amplitude. Advantages of the proposed approach include high flexibility for extending system capacity, high reliability due to no control interconnection, reducing power capacity demand of APF, high modularity due to identical APFs, stable reactive power and harmonic current sharing and its performance is insensitive to parameters mismatch of APFs, cost-effective due to modularization, and so on. Three single-phase 1 KVA APFs are designed and implemented. The effectiveness is demonstrated by some experimental results.
Quercetin Prevents Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis by Upregulating BMI-1

Radiation-induced oral mucositis is a major adverse event of radiotherapy. Severe oral mucositis may cause unwanted interruption in radiotherapy and reduce long-term survival in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy, but until now, there have been no effective options for preventing radiation-induced oral mucositis. Quercetin is a flavonoid that is widely found in food species and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In this study, we investigated a new role of quercetin in preventing radiation-induced oral mucositis. Quercetin exerted preventive effects against radiation-induced oral mucositis induced by single-dose (25 Gy) ionizing radiation or fractionated ionizing radiation (8 Gy × 3) in C57BL/6 mice and maintained the proliferation ability of basal epithelial cells. Quercetin pretreatment alleviated reactive oxygen species generation, NF-κB pathway activation, and downstream proinflammatory cytokine production and reduced DNA double-strand breaks and cellular senescence induced by ionizing radiation. Quercetin also upregulated BMI-1 expression in oral epithelial cells and promoted ulcer repair. In addition, quercetin exerted similar radioprotective effects in irradiated primary cultured normal human keratinocytes, reduced reactive oxygen species generation and proinflammatory cytokine release, and promoted DNA double-strand break repair and wound healing by upregulating the expression of BMI-1, which is a polycomb group protein. Thus, quercetin can block multiple pathological processes of radiation-induced oral mucositis by targeting BMI-1 and may be a potential treatment option for preventing radiation-induced oral mucositis.
Intelligent Cyber-Security System for IoT-Aided Drones Using Voting Classifier

Developments in drones have opened new trends and opportunities in different fields, particularly in small drones. Drones provide interlocation services for navigation, and this interlink is provided by the Internet of Things (IoT). However, architectural issues make drone networks vulnerable to privacy and security threats. It is critical to provide a safe and secure network to acquire desired performance. Small drones are finding new paths for progress in the civil and defense industries, but also posing new challenges for security and privacy as well. The basic design of the small drone requires a modification in its data transformation and data privacy mechanisms, and it is not yet fulfilling domain requirements. This paper aims to investigate recent privacy and security trends that are affecting the Internet of Drones (IoD). This study also highlights the need for a safe and secure drone network that is free from interceptions and intrusions. The proposed framework mitigates the cyber security threats by employing intelligent machine learning models in the design of IoT-aided drones by making them secure and adaptable. Finally, the proposed model is evaluated on a benchmark dataset and shows robust results.
Insulator Crossarms for 345-KV EHV Transmission Line

Insulator crossarms for 345-kv EHV transmission line have been developed and tested. They use four solid-core post insulator columns (quadruped type) or two solid-core post insulator columns and two disc insulator strings (Twin-arm type) to form a tetrapod mounted horizontally from the tower. They are characterized by making possible narrower right-of-way, more compact tower dimension, and supporting higher mechanical load.
Methodology for Exploring Patterns of Epigenetic Information in Cancer Cells Using Data Mining Technique

Epigenetic changes are a necessary characteristic of all cancer types. Tumor cells usually target genetic changes and epigenetic alterations as well. It is most beneficial to identify epigenetic similar features among cancer various types to be able to discover the appropriate treatments. The existence of epigenetic alteration profiles can aid in targeting this goal. In this paper, we propose a new technique applying data mining and clustering methodologies for cancer epigenetic changes analysis. The proposed technique aims to detect common patterns of epigenetic changes in various cancer types. We demonstrated the validation of the new technique by detecting epigenetic patterns across seven cancer types and by determining epigenetic similarities among various cancer types. The experimental results demonstrate that common epigenetic patterns do exist across these cancer types. Additionally, epigenetic gene analysis performed on the associated genes found a strong relationship with the development of various types of cancer and proved high risk across the studied cancer types. We utilized the frequent pattern data mining approach to represent cancer types compactly in the promoters for some epigenetic marks. Utilizing the built frequent pattern item set, the most frequent items are identified and yield the group of the bi-clusters of these patterns. Experimental results of the proposed method are shown to have a success rate of 88% in detecting cancer types according to specific epigenetic pattern.
Recapitulation of First Pass Metabolism Using 3D Printed Microfluidic Chip and Organoid

The low bioavailability of oral drugs due to first pass metabolism is a major obstacle in drug development. With significant developments in the field of in vitro organ modeling and microfluidic chip three-dimensional (3D) printing, the challenge is to apply these for the production and evaluation of new drug candidates. This study aimed to produce a microfluidic chip to recapitulate and assess the feasibility of the first pass metabolism. The infill condition of the polycarbonate transparent filament and layer height was optimized to visualize and maintain the organoid or spheroid on the chip. Next, the chip was fabricated using a 3D printer after a computer-aided design (CAD). The chip consisted of three wells of different heights. The small intestinal (SI) organoid and colorectal adenocarcinoma spheroids were placed on the second and third wells, respectively. No additional equipment was assembled, and the tilted tunnel was connected to each well to transport the material by gradient force. The chip was fabricated using 50% and 0.1 um thickness. Among the three different prototypes of chip (chips 1, 2, and 3), the highest distribution of plasmids in the Matrigel of the second well was observed in Chip 2 at 48 h. The effect of first pass metabolism was analyzed using docetaxel. In the chip without an SI organoid, there was a marked decrease in the viability of colorectal adenocarcinoma spheroids due to drug efficacy. However, in the chip with the SI organoid, no significant change in viability was observed because of first pass metabolism. In conclusion, we presented a simple, fast, and low-cost microfluidic chip to analyze the efficacy change of candidate drug by the first pass metabolism.
Knowledge spillovers and the geography of duplicated inventions: an analysis from patent citations

Duplication of R&D investments is an increasingly interesting phenomenon whose determinants remain largely unexplored. We identify two dynamics that might lead to a duplication of an invention: independent duplication and competitive duplication. Those are both affected by knowledge diffusion and incentives to compete. Accordingly we study the probability of a duplication to occur as a function of the proximity and time distance among the inventions and their interaction. Exploiting data recently available in EPO patent bibliographical data we develop a methodology based on patent citations to study the probability that a claimed invention duplicates an existing one. Geographic distance decreases the probability of duplication for recent inventions, for which the incentive to compete is reasonably higher. On the contrary, for less recent inventions the effect of geographic distance is the opposite showing that these are more likely the consequence of lack of knowledge regarding the existence of the technology. Partial sectorial differences are encountered and discussed. Our results have implication for the literature on agglomeration and knowledge spillovers, the patent system. Our methodology contributes to the debate on the meaning on patent citations.