Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exhaust emission from combat vehicle engines during start and warm-up

Summary. The paper presents the results of the investigations of an armored modular vehicle 8x8 Rosomak fitted with a diesel engine during start and warm-up. For the measurements of the toxic compounds a portable SEMTECH DS analyzer by SENSORS was used. The analyzer allowed a measurement of toxic compounds at the same time measuring the mass flow rate of the exhaust gases. The analysis of the PM emission was performed based on the measurement of the size of the particulate matter (analyzer 3090 EEPS – Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer™ Spectrometer – by TSI Incorporated) and counting of the particles (analyzer Particle Counter by AVL). The measurements of CO, HC, NOx, PM and fuel consumption have also been carried out under static conditions, during startup and at constant engine speed without engine load. For the measurement of the engine operating conditions and the fuel consumption a diagnostic vehicle system was used. Based on the obtained results an analysis of the operating conditions of the combat vehicle engine in the emission and fuel economy related aspect has been performed.
DIGITAL TWIN: DECREASING THE COGNITIVE LOAD BY USING INDUSTRY 4.0 SIMULATION

As the integration of teaching theory and the application of Digital Twin (DT) technology is a challenge in our study programs, the authors put an effort on finding a supporting industry simulation model for in-class use. With the Fischertechnik Industry 4.0 Simulation Unit. This paper describes the objectives and the theoretical background of why this would be used in a case-based teaching setting. Further on, the authors are interested in the measurement of the cognitive load for the students and the influence of better design the lectures based on the simulation. The methodology is clearly stated and it is described how the first implementation of the given scenario in October 2020 will be done.
Guidance scheme for operating multiple ship defense missiles with dual seekers

This paper proposes a guidance scheme to operate ship defense missiles using dual seekers—radio frequency and strapdown imaging infrared seekers—against the threat of antiship missiles. Key challenges associated with considered operational concept such as the multipath error of an radio frequency seeker, the narrow field of view of an strapdown imaging infrared seeker, and the interference between the target and defense missiles are identified. A guidance scheme that can address these challenges is proposed by combining an optimal guidance law for the midcourse phase and the proportional navigation guidance for the terminal phase. A relationship among interceptor/target velocity, minimum line-of-sight angle for the radio frequency seeker, and the field of view of the strapdown imaging infrared seeker for a successful intercept is analytically derived and graphically presented. Numerical simulations for the engagements between ship defense missiles and an antiship missile demonstrate the validity of the proposed guidance scheme.
Fatigue Loading and Design Methodology for High-Mast Lighting Towers

This report provides criteria for the fatigue design of high-mast lighting towers (HMLTs). The report also includes a series of proposed revisions with associated commentary to the fatigue design provisions of the "AASHTO Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals. " In addition, to ensure the fatigue design provisions are properly implemented into practice, design examples are also provided. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to highway design engineers.
Optimisation of warm-up protocols in soccer

An active warm-up period prior to competitive soccer matches is habitual practice for most athletes. Typically these routines far exceed the duration recommended by the literature and may negatively affect subsequent soccer-related performance. High-intensity, short-duration warm-ups can improve subsequent power measures, however their application to soccer-specific tasks has not yet been investigated. Additionally, relatively little is known regarding the effects of high-intensity, short-duration warm-ups when implemented during half-time intermissions.
Motion/visual cueing requirements for vortex encounters during simulated transport visual approach and landing

This paper addresses the issues of motion/visual cueing fidelity requirements for vortex encounters during simulated transport visual approaches and landings. Four simulator configurations were utilized to provide objective performance measures during simulated vortex penetrations, and subjective comments from pilots were collected. The configurations used were as follows: fixed base with visual degradation (delay), fixed base with no visual degradation, moving base with visual degradation (delay), and moving base with no visual degradation. The statistical comparisons of the objective measures and the subjective pilot opinions indicated that although both minimum visual delay and motion cueing are recommended for the vortex penetration task, the visual-scene delay characteristics were not as significant a fidelity factor as was the presence of motion cues. However, this indication was applicable to a restricted task, and to transport aircraft. Although they were statistically significant, the effects of visual delay and motion cueing on the touchdown-related measures were considered to be of no practical consequence.
The Effectiveness of Methanolic Extracts of Five Plants on Different Salmonella Isolates

Salmonellosis is known to be one of important issues that affect poultry industry as well as it can affect human health. Recently, multiple challenges are facing the use of natural antibacterial compounds, such as herbal extracts to overcome the massive increase in bacterial antibiotic resistance. Different Salmonella serotypes were recovered throughout examination of diarrheic poultry. These strains showed multidrug resistance by disc diffusion methods also, the resistance genes qnrS and aac (6′)-Ib-cr were detected in S. Enteritidis and S.Typhimurium which isolated from broiler's organs and muscles. The methanolic extracts of five plants (Alhagi maurorum, Conyza dioscoridis, Coriander sativum, Caracuma longa and Cuminum cyminum) were tested for their antibacterial activity against different isolated Salmonella serotypes using minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Conyza dioscoridis was the most effective extract retarding microbial growth of Salmonella Enteritidis, while other plant extracts showed variable antimicrobial activity. These results are promising in the way of replacing the antibiotic therapy with natural substances to overcome the multidrug resistance.
PEDESTRIAN RECOGNITION USING ON-VEHICLE LIDAR

A pedestrian recognition algorithm using on-vehicle LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is presented. It is important to support drivers on the congested environment at the intersection or on the community road by detecting pedestrians and giving information about where they are and where they are going. The pedestrian recognition algorithm, which has clustering logic related to the characteristic of the pedestrian and tracking algorithm by a unique data association and Kalman filter using our on-vehicle 2-dimensional scanning LIDAR. The pedestrians are recognized on the absolute coordinate system by using the 2-wheel vehicle model to correct the ego-vehicle motion. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.
The Role of Open And Distance Learning in Refreshing Skills of The Alumni. The Casestudy Of The Masvingo Regional Campus, Zimbabwe Open University

The study sought to interrogate the short courses that the Zimbabwe Open University Alumni suggest the university to introduce to fill in the gap of the professional skills created by distance learning which are thought to be provided through face to face learning and teaching methods in the from of short courses. A convenient sampling sample of 50 Zimbabwe Open University alumni members who had converged for the alumni Masvingo workshop in November 2010 participated in the study. The study used a qualitative research design whereby questionnaire with open-ended items were use to solicit the professional skills that the alumni feel should fill the gap between academic and professional skills using the short courses. Data was qualitatively analyzed thematically. Findings indicated that the Zimbabwe Open University should unleash a number of professional gap filling courses using the short courses mode to the former students. It also emerged from this study that the alumni expect short courses in supervisory skills, communication skills, time management, office management, dial a smile for the customer and mentorship. The study recommends that the university should introduce short courses in training of trainers’ program, supervisory, communication, time management, dial a smile for the customer and mentorship.
An Exploratory Study of Dispute Resolution Methods in the South African Construction Industry

This study assessed the dispute resolution methods used in the South African construction industry. Arbitration, adjudication and mediation are the most frequently used dispute resolution methods in the construction industry. A literature review focused on arbitration, adjudication and mediation in the construction industry. Closed-ended and open-ended questionnaires as well as interviews were conducted among the senior construction participants who included architects, quantity surveyors, construction managers, project managers and attorneys. The questionnaires were completed by 70 construction participants. The research concluded that for alternative dispute resolution (ADR) to be effective in solving disputes in the local construction industry, mediators, arbitrators and adjudicators with knowledge of the construction industry should be appointed. In terms of its characteristics, ADR should be the best option to resolve construction disputes. However, it is not being fully utilised due to the characteristics of dispute resolution itself and the absence of an appropriate framework to guide the disputing parties on the overall process. The literature review on the ADR developments and their effectiveness focused only on South Africa. This study provides a basis for using ADR effectively in the construction industry. The findings are of value for clients, contractors and consultants.
Review [untitled]

Online version of a book review, originally published as: Gunster, Shane, Review: [untitled], Gramsci and Contemporary Politics: Beyond Pessimism of the Intellect by Anne Showstack Sassoon, Canadian Journal of Political Science / Revue canadienne de science politique, Vol. 35, No. 1 (Mar., 2002), pp. 220-222.
The knowledge-creating company

How have Japanese companies become world leaders in the automotive and electronics industries, among others? What is the secret of their success? Two leading Japanese business experts, Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi, are the first to tie the success of Japanese companies to their ability to create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products and technologies. In The Knowledge-Creating Company, Nonaka and Takeuchi provide an inside look at how Japanese companies go about creating this new knowledge organizationally. The authors point out that there are two types of knowledge: explicit knowledge, contained in manuals and procedures, and tacit knowledge, learned only by experience, and communicated only indirectly, through metaphor and analogy. U.S. managers focus on explicit knowledge. The Japanese, on the other hand, focus on tacit knowledge. And this, the authors argue, is the key to their success--the Japanese have learned how to transform tacit into explicit knowledge. To explain how this is done--and illuminate Japanese business practices as they do so--the authors range from Greek philosophy to Zen Buddhism, from classical economists to modern management gurus, illustrating the theory of organizational knowledge creation with case studies drawn from such firms as Honda, Canon, Matsushita, NEC, Nissan, 3M, GE, and even the U.S. Marines. For instance, using Matsushita's development of the Home Bakery (the world's first fully automated bread-baking machine for home use), they show how tacit knowledge can be converted to explicit knowledge: when the designers couldn't perfect the dough kneading mechanism, a software programmer apprenticed herself withthe master baker at Osaka International Hotel, gained a tacit understanding of kneading, and then conveyed this information to the engineers. In addition, the authors show that, to create knowledge, the best management style is neither top-down nor bottom-up, but rather what they call "middle-up-down," in which the middle managers form a bridge between the ideals of top management and the chaotic realities of the frontline. As we make the turn into the 21st century, a new society is emerging. Peter Drucker calls it the "knowledge society," one that is drastically different from the "industrial society," and one in which acquiring and applying knowledge will become key competitive factors. Nonaka and Takeuchi go a step further, arguing that creating knowledge will become the key to sustaining a competitive advantage in the future. Because the competitive environment and customer preferences changes constantly, knowledge perishes quickly. With The Knowledge-Creating Company, managers have at their fingertips years of insight from Japanese firms that reveal how to create knowledge continuously, and how to exploit it to make successful new products, services, and systems.
METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING INCREASE IN PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE COSTS THAT RESULT FROM INCREASED TRUCK WEIGHTS ON STATEWIDE BASIS

When this study was made, Indiana's weight limits for trucks were 18,000 lb on a single axle, 32,000 lb on a tandem axle, and 73,280 lb gross vehicle weight (GVW). The federal limits for the Interstate system and other primary roads were 20,000 lb on a single axle, 34,000 lb on a tandem axle, and 80,000 lb GVW. The objective of this study was to evaluate what the effects would be on pavement maintenance costs if Indiana's weight limits were increased to those of the federal limits. The methodology that was developed to evaluate the increase in load limits from 73,280 to 80,000 GVW is described. The road-life records of the Indiana Department of Highways were searched and pavement sections were evaluated by using these data coupled with truck weight information from the weight stations and soil and performance data available from previous studies. A total of 301 pavement sections were selected for evaluation. The types of pavements evaluated included continuously reinforced concrete, jointed reinforced concrete, asphalt, and concrete pavements overlaid with asphalt. The pavement sections were evaluated according to functional classification. The pavements were further divided on a regional basis so that climatic effects would be evaluated as well. Cost estimates were presented in dollars per lane mile per year and dollars per year for Interstates, primary roads (U.S. and state routes carrying more than 4,000 vehicles/day), and secondary roads (U.S. and state routes carrying less than 4,000 vehicles/day). (Author)
Statistical aspects of bioequivalence assessment in the pharmaceutical industry.

Since the early 1990's, average bioequivalence studies have served as the international standard for demonstrating that two formulations of drug product will provide the same therapeutic benefit and safety profile when used in the marketplace. Population (PBE) and Individual (IBE) bioequivalence have been the subject of intense international debate since methods for their assessment were proposed in the late 1980's. Guidance has been proposed by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States government for the implementation of these techniques in the pioneer and generic pharmaceutical industries. As of the present time, no consensus among regulators, academia, and industry has been established. The need for more stringent population and individual bioequivalence has not been demonstrated, and it is known that the criteria proposed by FDA are actually less stringent under certain conditions. The properties of method-of-moments and restricted maximum likelihood modelling in replicate designs will be explored in Chapter 2, and the application of these techniques in the assessment of average bioequivalence will be considered. Individual and population bioequivalence criteria in replicate cross-over designs will be explored in Chapters 3 and 4, respectively, and retrospective data analysis will be used to characterise the properties and behaviour of the metrics. Simulation experiments will be conducted in Chapter 5 to address questions arising from the retrospective data analyses in Chapters 2 through 4. Additionally, simulation will be used to explore of a potential phenomenon known as 'bio-creep' - that is the transitivity of individual bioequivalence in practice. Another bioequivalence problem is then considered to conclude the thesis; that of compaxing rate and extent of exposure between differing ethnic groups as described in ICH-E5 (1998). The properties of the population bioequivalence metric and an alternative metric will be characterised in small and large samples from parallel group studies. Inference will be illustrated using data from a recent submission and simulation studies.
Electromagnetically excited audible noise - evaluation and optimisation of electrical machines by numerical simulation

Purpose – Disturbing vibrations and noise of electrical machines are gaining impact. The paper aims to focus on the necessity of estimating the electromagnetic, structure‐dynamical, and acoustic behaviour of the machine during designing and before proto‐typing.Design/methodology/approach – An adequate tool is numerical simulation applying the finite‐element method (FEM) and the boundary‐element method (BEM) allowing for the structured analysis and evaluation of audible noise also caused by manufacturing tolerances.Findings – The simulated results show good accordance to measurement results. The methods and simulation tools allow the analysis and evaluation of every type of energy converter with respect to its electromagnetic, structure‐dynamical and acoustic behaviour.Originality/value – The methods developed and proved can be applied to any electromagnetic device in general.
Use of Dynamic Traffic Assignment in FSUTMS in Support of Transportation Planning in Florida

There have been considerable advancements in the research and development of simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) modeling approaches. However, there are many issues that need to be addressed for the successful and optimal implementation of DTA. The goal of this project is to develop processes and associated tools for a successful implementation of DTA in Florida. The specific activities of the project are: review state-of-the-art applications of DTA modeling, identify the needs and issues related to DTA implementation in Florida, develop processes to allow assessment of the abilities of existing DTA tools to meet the identified needs, develop tools to support effective and efficient use of the DTA, and document the project effort and results.
Are Cycle Centers Effective Transport Interventions?

Cycle centers have emerged as a new travel demand management (TDM) intervention in U.S. and Australian cities in recent years. These large end-of-trip facilities for cyclists offer bicycle storage, changing rooms, lockers, showers, bicycle repair, and other amenities, on a user-pays basis. The effectiveness of these centers as a TDM measure is not known. Australia's first cycle center opened at King George Square in Brisbane's central business district in 2008. Operated by the private sector and marketed as cycle2city, the center provided storage for 420 bicycles. An evaluation framework was derived directly from the stated aims and objectives of the funders and manager–operators of the center. In April 2009, a questionnaire was sent to cycle2city members. The questionnaire was supplemented by interviews with funding agencies, the center's operators, and members. Route maps collected information on trip distances and the routes members chose to ride. The results showed who had been using the center, the travel modes they had been attracted from, and the transport benefits. Most users were men in white-collar jobs. The majority of members had commenced commuter cycling on joining cycle2city, at which time they switched from transit and the private car. Congestion-reduction benefits were small. The facility was not generating enough revenues to meet operating costs some 2 years after opening. The findings had direct implications for transport policy regarding the role and potential use of cycle centers for TDM in cities.
Establishment of the Room Acoustic Criteria for the Korean Traditional Music Halls Using Subjective Listening Tests

The present study aims to investigate the design standard for acoustic criteria of Korean traditional music which could be used for the design of Korean traditional music halls. In order to do this, subjective listening tests were undertaken to musicians using auralized sounds which were convolved with the impulse response of traditional instruments recorded in an anechoic chamber. 94 pairs of sound were made which have different value of acoustic parameters including RT, BR, Brilliance, G, C80, ITDG, IACC. A paired comparison method(PCM) was used to analyze the results from the subjective listening tests. The results show that the preference of acoustic criteria for the Korean traditional music is far different from those of western music. As a result, specific range of acoustic criteria were suggested for the appropriate acoustic conditions of Korean traditional music. Also, a guideline of the acoustic design of halls for performing the Korean traditional music was suggested which could be used as a basic reference in the future works.