Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dental health and oral health‐related quality of life in children with congenital bleeding disorders

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dental and some other aspects of oral health status of young patients with congenital bleeding disorders (CBD) and the impact of these on their quality of life (OHR‐QoL) compared with controls. DMFS‐dmfs (Decayed, Missed, Filled Tooth surfaces in permanent and primary teeth) scores, Simplified oral hygiene index, occurance of hypoplasia of first permanent molars, Temporomandibular joint dysfunction and occlusion of 46 CBD patients at the age range of 2–15 years and 46 of other children as control were compared, and the impact of their oral health situation on quality of life was also investigated. Data were analysed by chi–square, t‐test and Pearson correlation. Patients were significantly more caries‐free with less decayed teeth in primary‐permanent dentition (P = 0.03, t = −2.17). The mean scores of OHR‐QoL of CBD patients and controls were not significantly different. Oral Bleeding was the significant variable in relation to ‘oral health‐related quality of life’ in CBD groups (Pearson correlation, r = −0.56, P = 0.000). OHR‐QoL in the control group was related to dmfs score (r = −0.392, P = 0.011) and male gender (r = −0.329, P = 0.026). Congenital bleeding disorder CBD patients were found to have a better dental health situation in primary dentition compared with controls; however, their ‘oral health‐related quality of life’ was similar. Oral bleeding was the only significant factor related to OHR‐QoL in CBD. It shows an overall importance of development of comprehensive care centres for CBD as the main cause of this achievement.
Transfection of Cultured Eukaryotic Cells Using Cationic Lipid Reagents

The development of high‐efficiency methods for the introduction of functional genetic material into eukaryotic cells using cationic lipids has accelerated biological research in the studies of gene expression, control of cell growth, and cell lineage. Transfection mediated by cationic lipids is commonly used in industrial protein production as well as in some clinical gene therapy protocols. This unit describes how to perform transfection of adherent and suspension cells, insect cells, and RNA transfection using cationic lipid reagents. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 81:9.4. 1‐9.4. 17. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Staining Proteins in Gels

This unit describes protocols for detecting protein in a gel by Coomassie blue, silver, or fluorescent staining. As a general protein stain, Coomassie is easier and more rapid; however, fluorescent and silver staining methods are considerably more sensitive and thus can be used to detect smaller amounts of protein. Fluorescent staining is a popular alternative to traditional staining procedures, mainly because it is more sensitive than Coomassie staining, and often as sensitive as silver staining. Alternate protocols describe rapid Coomassie and silver staining methods, as well as fluorescent stains that are specific for phosphoproteins and glycoproteins. Staining of proteins in SDS‐polyacrylamide gels is described; variations for fluorescent staining of proteins in nondenaturing gels are also included. Support protocols describe photography of stained proteins. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 85:10.6. 1‐10.6. 27. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Growth and Manipulation of Yeast

Yeast cultures can be grown, maintained, and stored in liquid media or on agar plates using techniques similar to those for bacterial cultures. This unit describes culture conditions for these basic techniques. Additional methods describe determination of yeast mating type, diploid construction, sporulation, tetrad dissection, and random spore analysis. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 82:13.2. 1‐13.2. 12. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine简介

Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine（《替代和补充医学杂志》）于1995年创刊（ISSN1075—5535），是由生物医学领域著名出版商美国纽约Mary Ann Liebert公司出版发行的一本双月刊。 该杂志是国际补充医学研究协会（International Society for Complementary Medicine Research，简称ISCMR，网址为www．ISCMR．org）及针灸研究协会（Society for Acupuncture Research，网址为WWW．acupunctureresearch．org）的官方杂志。
The benefits of exercise for patients with haemophilia and recommendations for safe and effective physical activity

Most health care professionals involved in the management of people with haemophilia (PWH) believe that exercise is beneficial and its practice is widely encouraged. This article aims to demonstrate that appropriate exercise (adapted to the special needs of the individual PWH) may be beneficial for all PWH through improved physical, psychosocial and medical status. Based on evidence gathered from the literature, many PWH, particularly those using long‐term prophylaxis or exhibiting a mild/moderate bleeding phenotype, are as active as their healthy peers. PWH experience the same benefits of exercise as the general population, being physically healthier than if sedentary and enjoying a higher quality of life (QoL) through social inclusion and higher self‐esteem. PWH can also gain physically from increased muscle strength, joint health, balance and flexibility achieved through physiotherapy, physical activity, exercise and sport. Conversely, very little data exist on activity levels of PWH in countries with limited resources. However, regarding specific exercise recommendations in PWH, there is a lack of randomized clinical trials, and consequently formal, evidence‐based guidelines have not been produced. Based on published evidence from this review of the literature, together with the clinical experience of the authors, a series of recommendations for the safe participation of PWH in regular physical activities, exercises and sport are now proposed. In summary, we believe that appropriately modified programmes can potentially allow all PWH to experience the physical and psychosocial benefits of being physically active which may ultimately lead to an improved QoL.
Expression Using the T7 RNA Polymerase/Promoter System

This unit describes the expression of genes by placing them under the control of the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase. T7 RNA polymerase is a very active enzyme: it synthesizes RNA at a rate several times that of E. coli RNA polymerase and it terminates transcription less frequently; in fact, its transcription can circumnavigate a plasmid, resulting in RNA several times the plasmid length in size. T7 RNA polymerase is also highly selective for initiation at its own promoter sequences and is resistant to antibiotics such as rifampicin that inhibit E. coli RNA polymerase. Consequently, the addition of rifampicin to cells that are producing T7 RNA polymerase results in the exclusive expression of genes under the control of a T7 RNA polymerase promoter (pT7). In the , two plasmids are maintained within the same E. coli cell. One (the expression vector) contains pT7 upstream of the gene to be expressed. The second contains the T7 RNA polymerase gene under the control of a heat‐inducible E. coli promoter. Upon heat induction, the T7 RNA polymerase is produced and initiates transcription on the expression vector, resulting in turn in the expression of the gene(s) under the control of pT7. If desired, the gene products can be uniquely labeled by carrying out the procedure in minimal medium, adding rifampicin to inhibit the E. coli RNA polymerase, and then labeling the proteins with [35S]methionine.
β‐Elimination for Release of O‐GalNAc‐Linked Oligosaccharides from Glycoproteins and Glycopeptides

This unit describes release of oligosaccharides that are attached to polypeptides through an N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) linkage to the hydroxyl groups of serine or threonine. The b‐elimination procedures described here can be used to recover the oligosaccharide chains (also called glycans) and/or identify the serine or threonine residues involved in the linkage. A b‐elimination method employing sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and alkaline conditions is described, and an alternative method is also presented in which only alkaline conditions are used without a reducing agent. Another alternative protocol uses sodium sulfite.
Overview of mRNA Expression Profiling Using Microarrays

Microarray technology allows simultaneous measurement of the mRNA levels of thousands of genes. This powerful technology has applications in addressing many biological questions that were not approachable previously; however, the enormous size of microarray data sets leads to issues of experimental design and statistical analysis that are unfamiliar to many molecular biologists. The type of array used, design of the biological experiment, number of experimental replicates, and statistical method for data analysis should all be chosen based on the scientific goals of the investigator. This overview presents a discussion of the relative merits and limitations of various methods with respect to some common applications of microarray experiments.
Being holistic in practice: a hermeneutic phenomenological study

10 Chapter One: Introduction 11 Focus of research 11 My reasons for choosing this topic 11 Background 14 Definitions and Terminology used in this study 14 Definitions of Health and Holism 17 Models of Health 17 The biopsychosocial model 18 Salutogenesis 18 Psychoneuroimmunology and Mindbody medicine 19 Paradigm differences 20 Core principles in natural medicine 20 Attitudes to natural medicine 22 Issues affecting Natural Health Practitioners 24 Registration and Regulation 24 Research into natural medicine 26 Safety 27 Collaboration 28 Conclusion 28 Structure of this thesis 29 Chapter Two: Literature Review 31 Search method 31
Oxford handbook of psychiatry

Most medical students when dealt an unexpected question, will be familiar with that sinking feeling of uncertainty, when one’s memory doesn’t quite deliver as hoped. It seems that in spite of late hours of study, colourful flashcards and elaborate mnemonics, the recall isn’t always guaranteed. These moments can swoop in at any time and without warning so it’s best to be prepared. The Oxford handbook of psychiatry offers a lifeline. Whether venturing into psychiatry as a medical student, a junior doctor or a psychiatric trainee, this book certainly provides the ‘portable reassurance’ to which it aspires. Logical in layout, thorough, yet comprehensive, it strikes the right balance between breadth and depth. It is easy to use, affording quick access to relevant information, making it convenient and practical, as a handbook ought to be. The first half presents chapter-by-chapter the main neuroses and psychoses that might be expected in general adult practice. The structure here follows a consistent pattern: introduction with brief historical background, followed by signs, symptoms and relevant investigations leading towards diagnosis according to both ICD-10 and DSM-IV classification systems. Discussion of management follows with particularly helpful, detailed sections on pharmacology. In the second part, each of the main psychiatric subspecialities receives its own chapter, distilled down neatly to its essentials. The approach here, by necessity, is widecoverage with less detail, helpful for anyone seeking a basic overview of the specialised disciplines. As a book of reference, an educational accessory for the psychiatrist on-the-go, this handbook works excellently, however it has the potential to reach beyond this. The greatest challenge to the newcomer in psychiatry must lie in understanding a patient’s experience of mental illness, at a time when this experience is most difficult to convey. Readers of the Oxford handbook of psychiatry might therefore have gained from greater inclusion of short patient-experience extracts, artistic or literary pieces that might give moments of clarity and indeed inspiration to practitioners. The Oxford handbook series is notable for these short and sharp shocks which remind us of the human edge and certainly in psychiatry these are of particular importance. Overall, however, the handbook achieves its objectives admirably. In ward rounds and on night shifts it will be a great source of comfort. Neophytes will be very glad indeed of the dictionary of psychiatric symptoms (helpful in differentiating delusions) and most will International Journal of Culture and Mental Health Vol. 2, No. 2, 2009, 145 146
Isolation of T Cells Using Rosetting Procedures

This unit describes a procedure for separating T cells from other mononuclear cells by exploiting the unique ability of cells to bind to and form rosettes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). This isolation method also allows recovery of the nonrosetting cell population (B lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages). Neuraminidase‐ and 2 ‐aminoethylisothiouronium bromide (AET)‐treated SRBC are used for rosetting because of enhanced binding to T cells.
The relationship between psychological attitudes, health behaviors, and health care utilization in older women

Understanding the role of psychological attitudes in health behaviors and health care utilization has important implications for improving health and reducing health care costs. This is particularly important among the elderly, who require more and costlier health services. This dissertation explores the relationship between optimism (positive future expectation) and cynical hostility (mistrust of others) on smoking cessation, physical activity, and preventive service use in post-menopausal women. Chapter one assesses the relationship between optimism and cynical hostility on smoking cessation. Women with higher cynical hostility were less likely to quit smoking over time. Smoking cessation programs may consider incorporating attitudes measures to better target smokers who are less likely to quit on their own. Chapter two focuses on understanding the role of optimism and cynical hostility in use of screening mammograms and lipid screenings and in particular how these attitudes mediate or moderate the established relationships with race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Optimism predicts screening mammograms for some, but not all, racial/ethnic groups even when adjusting for various demographic, social, and health factors. Incorporating psychological factors such as optimism scores into health risk modeling may prove useful especially among specific racial and ethnic minority groups. Chapter three investigates the link between optimism and cynical hostility on strenuous physical activity. Women with higher optimism report higher levels of strenuous physical activity across the lifespan. Modeling reveals that much of this relationship is explained by other variables such as demographics and health status. Higher cynical hostility is associated with increased post-menopausal strenuous physical activity only in fully corrected models. This attitude may therefore play a particularly important role in activity levels depending on the presence or absence of barriers to physical activity. The public health relevance of this dissertation rests in identifying individuals at higher risk of developing illness burden due to health behaviors such as smoking and physical activity and potential under-use of preventive health services. Understanding how attitudes influence these behaviors may pave the way for physicians and health systems to employ novel approaches to improve health-related quality of life and ultimately reduce costs by reducing disease burden.
Isolation and Generation of Human Dendritic Cells

Dendritic cells are highly specialized antigen‐presenting cells (APC), which may be isolated or generated from human blood mononuclear cells. Although mature blood dendritic cells normally represent ˜0.2% of human blood mononuclear cells, their frequency can be greatly increased using the cell enrichment methods described in this unit. More highly purified dendritic cell preparations can be obtained from these populations by sorting of fluorescence‐labeled cells. Alternatively, dendritic cells can be generated from monocytes by culture with the appropriate cytokines, as described here. In addition, a negative selection approach is provided that may be employed to generate cell preparations that have been depleted of dendritic cells to be used for comparison in functional studies.
Two‐Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis is the combination of two high‐resolution electrophoretic procedures (isoelectric focusing and SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) to provide much greater resolution than either procedure alone. In the first‐dimension gel, solubilized proteins are separated according to their isoelectric point (pI) by isoelectric focusing. This gel is then applied to the top of an SDS‐slab gel and electrophoresed. The proteins in the first‐dimension gel migrate into the second‐dimension gel where they are separated on the basis of their molecular weight. The basic protocols in this unit are based on the type of equipment originally described by O'Farrell in 1975. For very basic or very acidic proteins, two alternate protocols are provided. A third alternate protocol describes how two‐dimensional electrophoresis can be performed using a minigel system. Protein sample preparation is presented in the support protocol.
Cognitive competence of young children in relation to home environment

The study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Hisar district. Hisar city was selected for urban and for rural location, two villages namely Singhran and Harita were taken for collection of data. A total number of 120 children of age group of 2-3 years were selected, out of which 60 children were selected from urban and 60 from rural areas. The study revealed that home environment such as learning stimulation language and physical stimulation and acceptance were significantly associated with intellectual abilities of urban children. The total home environment was also found significant as a variable for intellectual abilities of rural children.
Rapid Production of Retroviruses for Efficient Gene Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using 293T Cell–Based Systems

This unit details the applications of one of the more common retroviral packaging systems, based on the highly transfectable 293T cell. The packaging system employs the use of the Phoenix cell lines. Calcium phosphate‐mediated transfection is described for efficient introduction of retroviral vector plasmid DNA into the cells to generate high yields of virion‐containing supernatant. An alternate protocol describes a method for transfecting retroviruses that contain a vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV G) protein. Such virions are said to be “pseudotyped” with VSV G glycoprotein. Support protocols provide a simple method for concentrating VSV‐G‐pseudotyped retroviruses, as well as methods for culturing, cryopreserving, thawing, and drug selecting the Phoenix packaging cell lines. Finally, several methods for transfecting adherent or suspension cells with retroviruses are described.
Evaluating Neutralizing Antibodies Against HIV, SIV, and SHIV in Luciferase Reporter Gene Assays

Neutralizing antibody assays are powerful tools for assessing humoral immunity in AIDS virus infection and vaccine development. Although many different assays have been described, all are based on the same principle, measuring reductions in virus infectivity. This unit describes two assays utilizing a genetically engineered cell lines that are susceptible to infection by most strains of HIV‐1, SIV, and SHIV. One assay is designed for optimal performance with uncloned viruses produced in either PBMC or CD4+ T cell lines. A second assay is designed for single‐cycle infection with molecularly cloned pseudoviruses produced by transfection in 293T cells. Both assays are performed in a 96‐well format and use tat‐responsive luciferase reporter gene expression as readout.
Assay for Macrophage‐Mediated Anti‐Tumor Cytotoxicity

This unit describes a procedure for determining ability of mouse macrophages to lyse tumor cells in vitro. The outlines a three‐stage assay that includes: (1) culture of macrophages (freshly explanted from mice or grown from a cell line) with suspected activating reagents; (2) extensive washing of the cultured macrophages to remove residual reagents, followed by incubation with [111In]‐labeled tumor cells to allow lysis to occur; and (3) collection of cell‐free culture supernatants and measurement of cytolytic activity as a function of 111In released from tumor cells destroyed by activated macrophages. The outlines a method for radiolabeling tumor cells with [111In]oxine.
Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis in the Rat and Mouse

Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in rats and mice is a prototypic T cell‐mediated autoimmune disease that targets the neural retina and related tissues. The model is used to represent human sight‐threatening inflammatory eye diseases that are believed to have an autoimmune etiology, and to study basic mechanisms of tolerance and autoimmunity to organ‐specific antigens from immunologically privileged sites. In this unit, EAU is induced in rats and mice by immunization with uveitogenic peptide antigens emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Clinical onset is observed by both external and microscopic examination. A protocol is provided for preparation of tissue sections of affected eyes for microscopic analysis. EAU can also be induced in the rat (as described) by adoptive transfer of lymphocytes from uveitic rats into unimmunized recipients, which obviates the use of CFA. To induce EAU in mice, Bordetella pertussis toxin (PTX) is included to overcome immunological resistance mechanisms.
What is the evidence of the use and effectiveness of sensory integration theory with adults who have chronic mental illness

Select copyrighted material from published articles may be included in this CAT for the purpose of providing a context for an informed critical appraisal. Readers are strongly encouraged to seek out the published articles included here for additional information and to further examine the findings in their original presentation. Copyrighted materials from articles included in this CAT should not be re-used without the copyright holder's permission.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping Using BeadChip Microarrays

The genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has successfully contributed to the study of complex diseases more than any other technology to date. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) using 10,000s to >1,000,000 SNPs have identified 1000s of statistically significant SNPs pertaining to 17 different human disease and trait categories. Post‐GWAS fine‐mapping studies using 10,000s to 100,000s SNPs on a microarray have narrowed the region of interest for many of these GWAS findings; in addition, independent signals within the original GWAS region have been identified. Focused content, SNP‐based microarrays such as the human exome, for example, have too been used successfully to identify novel disease associations. Success has come to studies where 100s to 10,000s (mostly) to >100,000 samples were genotyped. For the time being, SNP‐based microarrays remain cost‐effective especially when studying large numbers of samples compared to other “genotyping” technologies including next generation sequencing. In this unit, protocols for manual (LIMS‐free), semi‐manual, and automated processing of BeadChip microarrays are presented. Lower throughput studies will find value in the manual and semi‐manual protocols, while all types of studies‐‐‐low‐, medium‐, and high‐throughput‐‐‐will find value in the semi‐manual and automated protocols. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 78:2.9. 1‐2.9. 34. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.