Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localized data fusion model for VANETs using GPS and non-GPS system

In Vehicular Ad-hoc network (VANETs) the communication is performed on the roads among the vehicles. There are many proposed localization algorithms for VANETs. Some are based on global positioning system (GPS) and others are not GPS based. The common problem with all the available algorithms is non-continuous availability i.e. Not available in the tunnel or in the busy area where heavy traffic. Therefore GPS or any other algorithm is not reliable for locating a vehicle in any environment. We proposed a solution for these problems. We proposed a Data Fusion model which combines information from different sources for calculating accurate location of the vehicle. We combine a GPS based and GPS free algorithm which locate a vehicle accurately in VANETs. In wide open areas we use GPS for localization and in the zones or tunnels where GPS signals are not available we use GPS free localization approach i.e. (Map Matching, Dead Reckoning, Cellular Localization, Image/Video processing, Wi-Fi Localization) which is robust and more accurate. SimONE tool has been used for simulation purposes, and there results are shown.
Coupled Movement of Permeant and Blocking Ions in the CFTR Chloride Channel Pore

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl− channel pore is blocked in a voltage‐dependent manner by a broad range of anionic substances added to the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. Here we investigate the origin of the voltage dependence of block by intracellular Au(CN)2−, a highly permeant lyotropic anion which also acts as a high‐affinity blocker of Cl− permeation. Not only the affinity, but also the voltage dependence of block by intracellular Au(CN)2− ions is strongly dependent on extracellular Cl− concentration; following replacement of most extracellular Cl− by glucose or by impermeant anions, block by Au(CN)2− shows greatly weakened voltage dependence. This suggests that coupled movement of Au(CN)2− and Cl− ions within the pore contributes to the voltage dependence of block. This explanation requires that interactions between different anions take place within the pore, implying simultaneous binding of multiple anions to intrapore sites. Other anions are able to substitute for extracellular Cl− and interact with intracellular Au(CN)2− ions. Analysis of the effects of different extracellular anions on the apparent affinity and voltage dependence of block by intracellular Au(CN)2− ions suggests that extracellular anions do not need to permeate through the channel in order to destabilize Au(CN)2− binding within the pore, implying that this destabilizing effect results from binding to an externally accessible site in the permeation pathway. We propose that multiple anions can bind simultaneously within the CFTR channel pore, and that repulsive interactions between bound anions speeds anion exit from the pore.
The Process of Symptom Control in Korean Women With Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome is chronic, uncontrollable, and unpredictable in nature. This study explored how Korean women with irritable bowel syndrome decipher the meaning of their symptoms and implement irritable bowel syndrome health management strategies. Data were collected in 2009 from 14 Korean women in their 20s and 30s through in-depth interviews using grounded theory. The constant comparative method was adopted for data analysis. The core category identified in the study was the “process of controlling irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. ” Strategies showed a temporal change progressing through stages of helplessness, searching, realization, struggling, and controlling. Early in symptom management, subjects tended to rely on medication or did not have a strategy. After a trial and error process, subjects did not use medication and natural symptom management that incorporated regular living habits, dietary control, and stress management. The introduction of strategic nursing interventions for irritable bowel syndrome based on the temporal stage of health management is recommended.
Stochastic Adaptive Nash Certainty Equivalence Control: Self-Identification Case

For noncooperative games the Nash Certainty Equivalence (NCE), or Mean Field (MF) methodology de- veloped in previous work provides decentralized strategies which asymptotically yield Nash equilibria. The NCE (MF) control laws use only the local information of each agent on its own state evolution and knowledge of its own dynamical parameters, while the behaviour of the mass is precomputable from knowledge of the distribution of dynamical parameters throughout the mass population. Relaxing the a priori information condition introduces the methods of parameter estimation and stochastic adaptive con- trol (SAC) into MF control theory. In particular one may consider incrementally the problems where the agents must estimate: (i) its own dynamical parameters, (ii) the distribution of the population's dynamical parameters (1), and (iii) the distribution of the population's cost function parameters (2). In this paper we treat the first problem. Each agent estimates its own dynamical parameters via the recursive weighted least squares (RWLS) algorithm. Under reasonable conditions on the population dynamical parameter distribution, we establish: (i) the strong consistency of the self- parameter estimates; and that (ii) all agent systems are long run average L 2 stable; (iii) the set of controls yields a (strong) -Nash equilibrium for all ; and (iv) in the population limit the long run average cost obtained is equal to the non-adaptive long run average cost.
Representation of speech signals using Hartley group delay function

This paper presents an alternate representation of phase information in speech signals using Hartley transform. Hartley Group Delay Function (HGDF) is computed on similar lines of Fourier Group delay function. Cepstral smoothing is applied so as to reduce the spiky nature of the group delay functions. The smoothened HGDF (SHGDF) is reported to have better resolution in group delay spectrum. A speaker verification system is designed as an application for the proposed signal representation. SHGDF is then presented as input to feed forward neural network. Performance curves using MFCCs, MODGFs and proposed SHGDF as features for the neural network are compared. It is found that the SHGDF functions provide better average performance for the speaker recognition system.
The Saudi initiative for asthma – 2012 update: Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma in adults and children

This an updated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma, developed by the Saudi Initiative for Asthma (SINA) group, a subsidiary of the Saudi Thoracic Society. The main objective of SINA is to have updated guidelines, which are simple to understand and easy to use by non-asthma specialists, including primary care and general practice physicians. This new version includes updates of acute and chronic asthma management, with more emphasis on the use of Asthma Control Test in the management of asthma, and a new section on “difficult-to-treat asthma. ” Further, the section on asthma in children was re-written to cover different aspects in this age group. The SINA panel is a group of Saudi experts with well-respected academic backgrounds and experience in the field of asthma. The guidelines are formatted based on the available evidence, local literature, and the current situation in Saudi Arabia. There was an emphasis on patient–doctor partnership in the management that also includes a self-management plan. The approach adopted by the SINA group is mainly based on disease control as it is the ultimate goal of treatment.
DHT-Based Distributed Crawler CS 294-4 Peer-to-Peer Systems

A search engine, like Google, is built using two pieces of infrastructure a crawler that indexes the web and a searcher that uses the index to answer user queries. While Google's crawler has worked well, there is the issue of timeliness and the lack of control given to end-users to direct the crawl according to their interests. The interface presented by such search engines is hence very limited. Since the underlying index built out of the crawl is not exposed, it is difficult to build other applications, such as focused crawlers (eg Bingo! [1]) that try to do more than just return a set of URLs.
Observations of a Comet Tail Disruption Induced by the Passage of a CME

[1] The Solar Mass Ejection Imager observed an extremely faint interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) as it passed Comet C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) on 5 May 2004, apparently causing a disruption of its plasma tail. This is the first time that an ICME has been directly observed interacting with a comet. SMEI's nearly all-sky coverage and image cadence afforded unprecedented coverage of this rarely observed event. The onset first appeared as a “kink” moving antisunward that eventually developed knots within the disturbed tail. These knots appeared to be swept up in the solar wind flow. We present the SMEI observations as well as identify a likely SOHO/LASCO progenitor of the CME. SMEI observed two other comets (C/2002 T7 [LINEAR] and C/2004 F4 [Bradfield]) and at least five similar events during a 35-d period encompassing this observation. Although these had similar morphologies to the 5 May NEAT event, SMEI did not observe any ICMEs in these cases. Three of these were observed close to the heliospheric current sheet indicating that a magnetic boundary crossing may have contributed to the disruptions. However, there are no discernable causes in the SMEI observations for the remaining two events.
Efficiency analysis of powertrain with toroidal continuously variable transmission for Electric Vehicles

In order to extend electric mileage per charge of Electric Vehicles (EVs), the powertrain efficiency should be further improved. A possible solution is employing transmission which is properly optimized for EV. Continuously variable transmission (CVT) is especially suitable, because it maintains the operating condition of electric motor being closer to the most efficient region even while vehicle speed is changing. In this paper, a toroidal CVT and a single ratio transmission are compared by numerical simulations regarding the overall efficiency. Toroidal CVT has an advantage for high torque-low speed region and low torque-high speed region. However, regarding the rest, the efficiency degrades in contrast. In order to improve the overall efficiency, the best implementation approach is introduced.
A general modeling and analysis framework for software fault detection and correction process

Software reliability growth modeling plays an important role in software reliability evaluation. To incorporate more information and provide more accurate analysis, modeling software fault detection and correction processes has attracted widespread research attention recently. In modeling software correction processes, the assumption of fault correction time is relaxed from constant delay to random delay. However, stochastic distribution of fault correction time brings more difficulties in modeling and corresponding parameter estimation. In this paper, a framework of software reliability models containing both information from software fault detection process and correction process is studied. Different from previous extensions on software reliability growth modeling, the proposed approach is based on Markov model other than a nonhomogeneous Poisson process model. Also, parameter estimation is carried out with weighted least‐square estimation method, which emphasizes the influence of later data on the prediction. Two data sets from practical software development projects are applied with the proposed framework, which shows satisfactory performance with the results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Ammonia on Glucose Oxidation by Isolated Rat Adipocytes

The effect of ammonium and acetate salts on glucose metabolism in isolated rat adipocytes was studied. Ammonia in low concentration (1-10 mM) was found to inhibit insulin-stimulated CO2 production. Acetate had no effect on this system except at high concentrations (100 mM), at which it stimulated CO2 production. Ammonium and acetate salts had an anti-lipolytic effect at high concentration (100 mM) but no effect on lipolysis at lower concentrations. The observation that trace amounts of salts can affect a biological assay system suggests that other biological assay system may also be altered by contaminating buffer salts from protein isolation steps.
A dual-frequency excitation technique for enhancing the sub-harmonic emission from encapsulated microbubbles

Sub-harmonic imaging using encapsulated microbubbles (EMs) improves the contrast of ultrasound imaging by taking advantage of increased contrast to the tissue signal. A dual-frequency excitation technique (DFET) is proposed for enhancing the sub-harmonic emission from EMs as compared with the conventional single frequency sinusoidal excitation technique (SFSET). This study includes theoretical simulation and in vitro experimental verification. A dual-frequency signal (2 and 4 MHz) is used to insonate EMs developed in our laboratory. Both theoretical and experimental studies indicate that the DFET may be able to improve the amplitude of the sub-harmonic component up to 13 dB over the SFSET. Increasing the value of the pulse repetition frequency or the number of cycles of ultrasound tone burst in the application of the DFET may increase the sub-harmonic emission. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the amplitude ratio of the second frequency (4 MHz) to the first frequency (2 MHz) and phase shift of the second frequency with respect to the first frequency also play an important role in sub-harmonic emission. A ratio of 0.5 and a phase shift around 180° are found to be the optimum values.
Residuated regular semigroups

We prove that in a residuated regular semigroup the elements of the form and are idempotents, and derive some consequences of this fact. In particular, we show how the maximality of such idempotents is related to the semigroup being naturally ordered, and obtain from this a characterisation of the boot-lace semigroup of [2].
Projection Structure of a N-Terminal Deletion Mutant of Connexin 26 Channel with Decreased Central Pore Density

Gated gap junction channels are important cellular conduits for establishing and maintaining intercellular communication. The three-dimensional structure of a mutant human connexin 26 (Cx26M34A) by electron cryocrystallography revealed a plug-like density in the channel pore suggesting that physical blockage of the pore may be one mechanism of closure (, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 10034–10039). However, it remains to be determined what part of the sequence contributes to the plug. Here, we present the projection structure of an N-terminus deletion of Cx26M34A missing amino acids 2 to 7 (Cx26M34Adel2-7) crystallized in the same two-dimensional crystal form. A 10 Å resolution projection map of Cx26M34Adel2-7 revealed that the plug density was dramatically reduced in comparison with that found in full-length Cx26 channel. The difference map between the deletion and full-length Cx26M34A channels strongly suggests that the N-terminus of connexin contributes to the plug for the physical closure of gap junction channels.
Prevalence of drug resistance mutations in HAART patients infected with HIV‐1 CRF06_cpx in Estonia

HIV‐1 drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and substitutions were assessed after the failure of the first line non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) + 2 nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) treatment regimens (efavirenz [EFV] + lamivudine[3TC] + zidovudine [ZDV] vs. EFV + 3TC + ddI) among the HIV‐1 CRF06_cpx infected subjects in Estonia. HIV‐1 genomic RNA was sequenced; DRMs and amino acid substitutions were compared in 44 treatment naïve and 45 first‐line NNRTI + 2 NRTI treatment failed patients consisting of EFV + 3TC + ZDV (n = 17) and EFV + 3TC + didanosine[ddI] (n = 21) therapy failed sub‐populations. At least one DRM was found in 78% of treatment experienced patients. The most common NRTI mutations were M184V (80%), L74V (31%), L74I (17%), K219E (9%), and M184I (9%), NNRTI mutations were K103N (83%), P225H (14%), L100I (11%), and Y188L (11%), reflecting generally the similar pattern of DRMs to that seen in treatment failed subtype B viruses. Sub‐population analysis revealed that EFV + 3TC + ddI failed patients had more DRMs compared to EFV + 3TC + ZDV failed patients, especially the ddI DRM L74IV and several additional NNRTI DRMs. Additionally, CRF06_cpx specific mutation E179V and substitutions R32K, K122E, and V200AE were also detected in treatment experienced population. After the failure of the first‐line EFV + 3TC + ddI therapy HIV‐1 CRF06_cpx viruses develop additional NRTI and NNRTI mutations compared to EFV + 3TC + ZDV regimen. Therefore the usage of EFV + 3TC + ddI in this subtype decreases the options for next regimens containing abacavir, and NNRTI class agents. J. Med. Virol. 88:? –? , 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Carbon paste electrodes in potentiometry: the state of the art and applications in modern electroanalysis (a review)

The development of chemical sensors has received widespread attention during the past two decades because of their extensive use in environmental monitoring and clinical analysis via rapid, accurate, reproducible, and low-cost methods. The data reported in literature demonstrate that carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) are very suitable for a variety of applications and many works have thus been devoted to developing new ion-selective electrodes based on carbon paste as the electrode material of choice. Chemically modified CPEs have frequently been employed as potentiometric sensors in trace analysis for metal ions, organic pollutants and biological substances. Most of these electrodes are operated via the ion-exchange process of the active component incorporated into the carbon paste matrix. This review article concentrates on such achievements in the context of the general development across the field.
SIDR : Efficient Structure-Aware Intelligent Data Routing in SciHadoop

MapReduce is a popular framework for distributed, parallel computation that has started to be used in domains quite different from the web applications for which it was designed, including the processing of big structured data, e.g., scientific and financial data. Previous work on using MapReduce to process scientific data did not incorporate knowledge of this structure in its internal communications. We show that performance gains can be realized by leveraging knowledge of the structure of the data to minimize and localize communications between nodes, guarantee workload balance across processing nodes, ensure that Reduce tasks start as soon as possible, and create balanced, contiguous output. We implemented these improvements in SciHadoop, a version of the open-source Hadoop MapReduce framework designed for structured scientific data. Our results show total query execution time reductions of up to 29% over SciHadoop with initial results available with only 6% of the query completed, and the resultant output is more efficiently organized, compared to Hadoop.
Antituberculotic activity of actinobacteria isolated from the rare habitats

A distinctive screening procedure resulted in the isolation and identification of antituberculotic actinobacteria. In this course, a total of 125 actinobacteria were isolated from various soil samples from untapped areas in Northwestern Himalayas, India. The antibacterial screening showed that 26 isolates inhibited the growth of at least one of the tested bacterial pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 11774), Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 10240), Escherichia coli (10536), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) and Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC BAA‐2146). The production media was optimized for the active strains by estimation of their extract value by the quantification of the ethyl acetate extract. The screening of fermentation products from the selected 26 bioactive isolates revealed that 10 strains have metabolites antagonistic against the standard H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The characterization by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the diverse nature of these antituberculosis strains. The secondary metabolites of potent, rare strain, Lentzea violacea AS08 exhibited promising antituberculosis activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3·9 μg ml−1. The metabolites identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) included, Phenol, 2,5‐bis (1, 1‐dimethylethyl), n‐Hexadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid methyl‐ester, Hexadecanoic acid ethyl‐ester and, 9,12‐Octadecadienoyl chloride(Z,Z) are biologically significant molecules.
Study of the de Vries Phase in New Organosiloxanes by Electrooptical and UV/Vis Spectroscopy Measurements

The properties and structure of de Vries materials in new series of organosiloxane liquid crystalline materials has been studied using electrooptical measurements and UV/V is spectroscopy. The compounds from this series show different strength of the de Vries phase. Two independent parameters to characterize de Vries properties were introduced. The structure-properties relations of these materials were studied.
Finished bacterial genomes from shotgun sequence data

Exceptionally accurate genome reference sequences have proven to be of great value to microbial researchers. Thus, to date, about 1800 bacterial genome assemblies have been “finished” at great expense with the aid of manual laboratory and computational processes that typically iterate over a period of months or even years. By applying a new laboratory design and new assembly algorithm to 16 samples, we demonstrate that assemblies exceeding finished quality can be obtained from whole-genome shotgun data and automated computation. Cost and time requirements are thus dramatically reduced.
Bio-inspired Design and Fabrication of Super-Strong and Multifunctional Carbon Nanotube Composites

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are ideal scaffolds to design and architect high-perform‐ ance composites at high CNT volume fractions. In these composites, the CNT align‐ ment determines the level of aggregation and the structure morphology, and thus the load transfer efficiency between neighboring CNTs. Here, we discuss two major solutions to produce high-volume fraction CNT composites, namely the layer-by- layer stacking of aligned CNT sheets and the stretching of entangled CNT webs (networks). As inspired by the growth procedure of natural composites, the aggrega‐ tion of CNTs can be well controlled during the assembling process. As a result, the CNTs can be highly packed, aligned, and importantly unaggregated, with the impregnated polymers acting as interfacial adhesion or mortars to build up the composite struc‐ ture. The CNT/bismaleimide composites can yield a super-high tensile strength up to 6.27–6.94 GPa and a modulus up to 315 GPa.
Calculating Nurse Turnover Indices

Attempts to reduce persistent and costly turnover of nursing personnel should start with sound information about the magnitude and nature of the problem. This article explains how to calculate several turnover indices that will quantify and pinpoint characteristics of turnover in various situations. The detailed discussion, application, and sample forms simplify the task of accurately identifying patterns, such as where turnover is occurring and who is leaving, so that efforts to control turnover are well-directed.