Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Cities: R and D offshoring, web 2.0 product development and globalization of innovation systems

In the cities and regions of the twentieth first century a radical turn is taking place as information and communication technologies are converging with the innovation-led regional economies, innovative clusters and agglomerations. Intelligent cities are part of the orientation towards the creation of environments that improve our cognitive skills, our ability to learn, foresee, and innovate. The paper discusses the driving forces sustaining the rise of intelligent cities, such as the globalization of innovation clusters and networks, open innovation, and web-based collaborative environments. Then we look at the movements shaping them local initiatives around the world, European Living Labs, and applications developed by large companies like IBM, MS and CISCO. The last part of the paper focuses on the planning challenges for building intelligent cities and interactive systems of innovation. We discuss the problem of integration among the physical, institutional and digital dimensions of intelligent cities and the ‘bridges’ that connect these three spatialities.
Effects of density and weather on survival of bighorn sheep lambs ( Ovis canadensis )

Density-dependence in juvenile survival may be difficult to detect if survival is also affected by density-independent factors. We investigated the relationships among weather parameters, population density, and lamb survival of bighorn sheep with long-term data from a marked population where we manipulated population density. We distinguished neonatal survival and winter survival. Density interacted with weather variables to affect neonatal survival; spring and winter temperatures had a positive effect on neonatal survival only when population density was high. Neonatal survival was positively affected by spring precipitation independently of population density. Winter survival was positively correlated with temperature and precipitation during the previous spring, negatively correlated with density, and independent of winter temperature or snowfall. The effect of weather on lamb winter survival did not vary with density. Bighorn lambs are well adapted to harsh winter weather, but spring weather influenced survival of lambs at birth and during the subsequent winter, possibly through its effects on forage availability. Our study clearly demonstrates density-dependence in lamb survival. Some of the effects of weather on lamb survival are density-independent, others are mediated by an interaction with population density.
Oropharyngeal colonization as a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia by Staphylococcus aureus, use of antimicrobials and multidrug-resistance

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent infection acquired in intensive care unit (ICU). It is associated with increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs. Oropharyngeal colonization plays a central role in the pathogenesis of VAP, once virulent microorganisms can reach the alveolar space via microaspiration of secretions from that region. Each antibiotic prescription has an environmental and ecological consequence. Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing threat in hospitalized patients, and inappropriated empirical antimicrobial therapy is known to adversely affect outcomes in VAP.
ParGenes: a tool for massively parallel model selection and phylogenetic tree inference on thousands of genes

Motivation Coalescent- and reconciliation-based methods are now widely used to infer species phylogenies from genomic data. They typically use per-gene phylogenies as input, which requires conducting multiple individual tree inferences on a large set of multiple sequence alignments (MSAs). At present, no easy-to-use parallel tool for this task exists. Ad hoc scripts for this purpose do not only induce additional implementation overhead, but can also lead to poor resource utilization and long times-to-solution. We present ParGenes, a tool for simultaneously determining the best-fit model and inferring maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenies on thousands of independent MSAs using supercomputers. Results ParGenes executes common phylogenetic pipeline steps such as model-testing, ML inference(s), bootstrapping, and computation of branch support values via a single parallel program invocation. We evaluated ParGenes by inferring > 20, 000 phylogenetic gene trees with bootstrap support values from Ensembl Compara and VectorBase alignments in 28 hours on a cluster with 1024 nodes. Availability GNU GPL at https://github.com/BenoitMorel/ParGenes. Contact Benoit.Morel@h-its.org Supplementary information Supplementary material is available at Bioinformatics online.
PomBase 2018: user-driven reimplementation of the fission yeast database provides rapid and intuitive access to diverse, interconnected information

Abstract PomBase (www.pombase.org), the model organism database for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, has undergone a complete redevelopment, resulting in a more fully integrated, better-performing service. The new infrastructure supports daily data updates as well as fast, efficient querying and smoother navigation within and between pages. New pages for publications and genotypes provide routes to all data curated from a single source and to all phenotypes associated with a specific genotype, respectively. For ontology-based annotations, improved displays balance comprehensive data coverage with ease of use. The default view now uses ontology structure to provide a concise, non-redundant summary that can be expanded to reveal underlying details and metadata. The phenotype annotation display also offers filtering options to allow users to focus on specific areas of interest. An instance of the JBrowse genome browser has been integrated, facilitating loading of and intuitive access to, genome-scale datasets. Taken together, the new data and pages, along with improvements in annotation display and querying, allow users to probe connections among different types of data to form a comprehensive view of fission yeast biology. The new PomBase implementation also provides a rich set of modular, reusable tools that can be deployed to create new, or enhance existing, organism-specific databases.
Distinct Plasma Cytokine Levels during Early Abstinence in Amphetamine-Dependent Women with and Without Psychosis

Objective Amphetamine exposure is associated with significant effects on innate and adaptive immunity. The present study aimed to assess and compare the plasma levels of cytokines between amphetamine-dependent women, either with or without psychosis, and healthy controls. Methods We assessed the immune-cytokine markers in 79 female amphetamine addicts during early abstinence and in 49 healthy women to obtain reference values. Women with (AD-P, n=25) or without (AD-NP, n=54) psychosis were also identified. Multiplex magnetic bead assay was used to measure the plasma cytokine expression level simultaneously in all participants. Results We demonstrated an increase of T helper 1(Th1)- and Th2- related cytokines levels in both the entire AD cohort and AD-NP subgroup. A similar increase trend was also noted in the AD-P group; however, only three cytokines − interleukin (IL)-5, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α showed significant differences. Moreover, the cytokine profiles in the AD-P subgroup revealed decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ) and a shift toward Th2 responses when compared with the AD-NP subgroup. Conclusion Our results suggest that patients with AD showed immune system activation when compared to the control group, revealing an imbalance in the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and the existence of an immunological phenotype that may be associated with drug-related psychosis during early abstinence in AD. Future research should replicate and extend these results.
Being Optimally Aroused Matters: Effects of a Weak Stress Manipulation on Children's Executive Functions Are Moderated by Temperament and Age

We tested a core assumption of the bidirectional model of executive function (EF) (Blair & Ursache, 2011) indicating that EF is dependent on arousal. From a bottom-up perspective the performance on EF tasks is assumed to be curvilinearly related to arousal, with very high or low levels of arousal impairing EF. N = 107 4and 6-year-olds’ performance on EF tasks was explored as a function of a weak stress manipulation aiming to raise children’s emotional arousal. EF (Stroop, Flanker, Go/no-go, and Backwards Color Recall) was assessed and stress was induced in half of the children by imposing a mild social-evaluative threat. Furthermore, children’s temperament was assessed as a potential moderator. We found that stress effects on children’s EF performance were moderated by age and temperament: 4-year-olds with high Inhibitory Control and high Attentional Focusing were negatively affected by the stressor. However, it is unclear whether these effects were mediated by self-reported arousal. Our findings disconfirmed the hypotheses that adverse effects of the stressor are particularly high in children high on emotional reactivity aspects of temperament and low on self-regulatory aspects of temperament. Further, 6-year-olds did not show any stress effects. Results will be discussed within the framework of the Yerkes-Dodson law and with regard to stress manipulations in children.
BIRTH IN BONOBOS ( PAN PANISCUS ) : A

As in humans, birth in non-human primates is an essential and critical moment because it represents the starting point of the mother-infant relationship within the social community (Ferrari et al., 2009). Delivery is quite rare to observe because it is difficult to predict the exact timing of parturition (Turner et al., 2010) and because most of the diurnal primates tend to give birth during the night in order to limit predation (Jolly, 1972) and to reduce the stress of the mother (Timmermans & Vossen, 1996; Thomsen, 1997). Even if the delivery process has been described in several primate species, most of the authors focused only on the qualitative description of the mother periparturitional behaviour and on the first reactions of the baby (Brandt & Mitchell, 1971 for a review). Given that these reports deal with highly social species, it is surprising that only few authors have described the group responses to the parturition, both in captivity (Gouzoules, 1974; Nadler, 1974; Negayama et al., 1986) or in the wild (Nash, 1974; Ratnayeke & Dittus, 1989; Stewart, 1977; Chism et al., 1983). During labour, captive females are usually separated from the group to let the observer describe in detail the delivery phases (Timmermans & Vossen, 1996). On the other hand in the wild, where such observations could be potentially performed, the mother-to-be tends to isolate and hide herself (Ratnayeke & Dittus, 1989), thus making impossible for the observer to follow the episode. The few descriptions of group reactions to parturition involve monkeys (Ratnayeke & Dittus, 1989; Stewart, 1977; Gouzoules, 1974; Chism et al., 1983) and, among anthropoids, gorillas (Nadler, 1974; Stewart, 1977). Even if often neglected, the strong influence of group members since the first phase of life has been already emphasized by Hinde & Spencer-Booth (1967), who demonstrated that, in the absence of group companions, mothers and infants spent less time in physical
Human Data-Interaction: A Systematic Mapping

Big Data, e-Science and Internet of Things have contributed to increase the production, processing and storage of data, changing the way people deal and live with data. Although the problem is not new, the "human aspect" of data and the possible impact of Human-Data Interaction (HDI) in human life have been explored and discussed as an emerging research area. On the one hand, HDI offers plenty of opportunities for research and development, and on the other hand it demands characterization, grounding, critical discussions, empirical results and thinking tools to support research and practice. This paper presents a Systematic Mapping of Literature on HDI in Computer Science, identifying the different definitions for the area, elements or objects of investigation, contexts of application, stakeholders, etc. Based on 28 selected papers, results point out to a lack of definition or agreement on what HDI is, but suggest that there are different aspects that can characterize it, and allow identifying concerns and objects of study, such as privacy, ownership and transparency. Results suggest a demand for theoretical and methodological frameworks to support the understanding, design and evaluation of HDI via computing systems.
Spatial IQ Test for AI

We introduce SITD (Spatial IQ Test Dataset), a dataset used to evaluate the capabilities of computational models for pattern recognition and visual reasoning. SITD is a generator of images in the style of the Raven Progressive Matrices (RPM), a common IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test used to test analytical intelligence. RPMs are purely visual, and require little prior knowledge. RPM tests the users ability to derive abstract rules and patterns from a set of images. For the last 100 years, humans have evaluated intelligence using standardized intelligence quotient exams. These tests examine different aspects of intelligence, including verbal, quantitative reasoning, and spatial reasoning ability. In the field of AI, there exists few intelligence established metrics beyond the Turing Test (TT) and the Total Turing Test (TTT). Thus, SITD makes for a useful dataset researchers can use to divide and conquer the task of creating ’intelligent’ machines.
Ram pressure statistics for bent tail radio galaxies

In this paper we use the MareNostrum Universe Simulation, a large scale, hydrodynamic, non-radiative simulation in combination with a simple abundance matching approach to determine the ram pressure statistics for bent radio sources (BRSs). The abundance matching approach allows us to determine the locations of all galaxies with stellar masses � 10 11 h −1 M⊙ in the simulation volume. Assuming ram pressure exceeding a critical value causes bent morphology, we compute the ratio of all galaxies exceeding the ram pressure limit (RPEX galaxies) relative to all galaxies in our sample. According to our model 50% of the RPEX galaxies at z = 0 are found in clusters with masses larger than 10 14.5 h −1 M⊙ the other half resides in lower mass clusters. Therefore, the appearance of bent tail morphology alone does not put tight constraints on the host cluster mass. In low mass clusters, M � 10 14 h −1 M⊙, RPEX galaxies are confined to the central 500 h −1 kpc whereas in clusters of � 10 15 h −1 M⊙ they can be found at distances up to 1.5 h −1 Mpc. Only clusters with masses � 10 15 h −1 M⊙ are likely to host more than one BRS. Both criteria may prove useful in the search for distant, high mass clusters.
January 23 , 2013 Integral Images for Block Matching

The integral image representation is a remarkable idea that permits to evaluate the sum of image values over rectangular regions of the image with four operations, regardless of the size of the region. It was first proposed under the name of summed area table in the computer graphics community by Crow’84, in order to efficiently filter texture maps. It was later popularized in the computer vision community by Viola & Jones’04 with its use in their real-time object detection framework. In this article we describe the integral image algorithm and study its application in the context of block matching. We investigate tradeoffs and the limits of the performance gain with respect to exhaustive block matching. Source Code The source code, the code documentation, and the online demo are accessible at the IPOL web part of this article1.
Moral reasoning and decision-making in adolescents who sustain traumatic brain injury

ABSTRACT Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that moral processes are disrupted by traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this study was to explore moral reasoning (MR) and decision-making in adolescents with TBI, and to examine potential associations with global manifestations of social competence. Design: This retrospective, cross-sectional research design compared MR and decision-making in adolescents with mild TBI (n = 20), moderate-severe TBI (n = 23) and typically developing controls (n = 93). Methods: Participants completed a visual task of socio-moral reasoning (SoMoral) and the Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents. Their parents completed questionnaires documenting their child’s behavior (Child Behavior Checklist) and adaptive functioning (Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-Second Edition). Main results: Adolescents with both mild and moderate-severe TBI displayed more immature MR than typically developing peers. Participants with TBI also provided fewer socially adapted decisions. Closer inspection revealed that this difference was apparent only in the mild TBI group. No significant group differences were observed for empathy, behavior or adaptive skills. Conclusions: Sustaining TBI appears to affect adolescents’ ability to provide mature moral justifications when faced with moral dilemmas representative of everyday social conflicts. These difficulties do not appear to be associated with behavior problems, reduced empathy, or adaptive functioning.
Big Data Analytics Architecture for Security Intelligence

The need for security1 continues to grow in distributed computing. Today's security solutions require greater scalability and convenience in cloud-computing architectures, in addition to the ability to store and process larger volumes of data to address very sophisticated attacks. This paper explores some of the existing architectures for big data intelligence analytics, and proposes an architecture that promises to provide greater security for data intensive environments. The architecture is designed to leverage the wealth in the multi-source information for security intelligence.
Impact & Analysis of Improved Bilateral Filter on TEM Images

TEM images are rapidly gaining prominence in various sectors like life sciences, pathology, medical science, semiconductors, forensics, etc. Hence, there is a critical need to know the effect of existing image restoration and enhancement techniques available for TEM images. This paper primarily focuses on denoising Bilateral Filter. The simulation is carried on greyscale and colored images separately. To do so different types of noise (Gaussian Noise, Salt & Pepper Noise, Salt & Pepper Noise & Poisson Noise) varying from 1% to 9% is incorporated into image. Each degraded image is denoised by filters.
Linear stability of ice growth under a gravity-driven water film

In this paper we consider linear stability of ice growth under a gravity-driven water film on a sloping wall. First, we derive an analytic solution of the stability problem in the long-wave limit, which shows that the presence of the ice layer generates an additional wave mode. Further, using a long-wave solution as an initial guess, we find the additional wave mode in the numerical solution of the complete Orr-Sommerfeld problem and investigate its behavior numerically for a wide range of problem parameters. We show that the ice mode can become unstable even at moderate Reynolds numbers, and that the ice layer alters the behavior of the mode corresponding to the waves on the liquid film surface. We also demonstrate that the presence of the ice layer stabilizes wave disturbances on the water surface and that, depending on the angle of the incline, the critical Reynolds number of the surface mode can be either increased or decreased.
Face Annotation with Caption Based Supervision Using Discriminative Affinity Matrices

: Having a large set of images, every image in the set contains facial images which are further associated with the caption mentioned for those pictures, the main purpose of captioning the image is to detect the correct name of the person displayed into image. We have discovered couple of techniques to deal with this problem, by erudition of some rigid affinity matrices from those imperceptibly labeled pictures. Initially we have discovered new technique that can be stated as normalize low rank revelation by capably exploiting imperceptibly monitored information to discover a low-rank reconstruction coefficient matrix whereas discovering several subspace structures of the data. Exclusively, by bring in especially premeditated regularize to the low-rank representation technique; we deal with severely the consequent reconstruction coefficients associated to the condition where a face is renovated by using face pictures from other subjects or by using itself. In the IRCM, a discriminative affinity matrix can be acquire, in addition, we also extend a novel distance metric learning technique identified ambiguously managed structural metric knowledge by using weakly managed information to look for a discriminative distance metric. Therefore one more discriminative affinity matrix can be achieve by means of the similarity matrix (i.e., the kernel matrix) based on the Mahalanobis distances of the information. Scrutinizing that these two affinity matrices hold matching information, we further merge them to acquire a compound affinity matrix, based on which we build up a new iterative system to conclude the name of each and every face. Complete experiments reveal the efficiency of our technique.
Measuring Productivity When Technologies are Heterogeneous: A Semi-Parametric Approach for Electricity Generation

While productivity growth in electricity generation is associated with multiple positive effects from an economic and environmental perspective, measuring it is challenging. This paper proposes a framework to estimate and decompose productivity growth for a sector characterized by multiple technologies. Using a metafrontier Malmquist decomposition and frontier estimation based on stochastic non-smooth envelopment of data (StoNED) allows for productivity estimation with few microeconomic assumptions. Additionally, evaluation of productivity at representative hypothetical units permits distribution-free analysis for the whole distribution of power plant sizes. The proposed framework is used to analyze a unique and rich dataset of coal, lignite, gas, and biomass-fired generators operating in Germany from 2003 to 2010. The results indicate stagnating productivity for the sector as a whole, technical progress for biomass plants, and very high productivity for gas-fired plants.
Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project - II. Quantifying scatter and bias using contrasting mock catalogues

We would like to acknowledge funding from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). DC would like to thank the Australian Research Council for receipt of a QEII Research Fellowship. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. The authors would like to express special thanks to the Instituto de Fisica Teorica (IFT-UAM/CSIC in Madrid) for its hospitality and support, via the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Program under Grant No. SEV-2012-0249, during the three week workshop “nIFTy Cosmology” where this work developed. We further acknowledge the financial support of the University of Western 2014 Australia Research Collaboration Award for “Fast Approximate Synthetic Universes for the SKA”, the ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) grant number CE110001020, and the two ARC Discovery Projects DP130100117 and DP140100198. We also recognise support from the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) for the workshop infrastructure. RAS acknowledges support from the NSF grant AST-1055081. CS acknowledges support from the European Research Council under FP7 grant number 279396. SIM acknowledges the support of the STFC consolidated grant (ST/K001000/1) to the astrophysics group at the University of Leicester. ET acknowledge the support from the ESF grant IUT40-2.