Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of RAS/Wnt/ b -catenin axis activation in the pathogenesis of podocyte injury and tubulo-interstitial nephropathy Chemico-Biological Interactions

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have demonstrated activation of Wnt/ b -catenin pathway by RAS in CKD. However, the underlying mechanisms of RAS and Wnt/ b -catenin signaling interaction and their contribution to the pathogenesis of CKD have not been fully elucidated. Present study is designed to investigate the role of RAS/Wnt/ b -catenin axis activation in tubulo-interstitial ﬁ brosis and glomerulo- sclerosis by the cultured HK-2 and podocytes. HK-2 cells and podocytes are treated by angiotensin II (Ang II). Ang II up-regulates expression of various Wnt mRNA and active b -catenin protein in HK-2 cells and podocytes in the time- and dose-dependent manners. In addition, Ang II induces injury, oxidative stress and in ﬂ ammation and impaired Nrf2 activation in HK-2 cells and podocytes. This was accompanied by up-regulations of RAS components as well as Wnt1, activated b -catenin and its target proteins. RAS/Wnt/ b -catenin axis activation results in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells and injuries podocytes. The effect of Ang II is inhibited by losartan and ICG-001, a Wnt/ b -catenin inhibitor. We further found that treatment with natural products, ergone, alisol B 23-acetate and pachymic acid B inhibit extracellular matrix accumulation in HK-2 cells and attenuated podocyte injury, in part, by inhibiting Ang II induced RAS/Wnt/ b -catenin axis activation. In summary, activation of RAS/Wnt/ b -catenin axis results in podocytes and tubular epithelial cell, injury and up-regulations of oxidative, in ﬂ ammatory and ﬁ brotic pathways. These adverse effects are ameliorated by ergone, alisol B 23-acetate and pachymic acid B. Therefore, these natural products could be considered as novel Wnt/ b -catenin signaling inhibitors and anti- ﬁ brotic agents.
Voice Disorders and The Perceived Effects of Speech and Language Pathology Treatment in Patients with Exercise-Induced Laryngeal Obstruction (EILO) A Follow-up Study

Introduction: Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a condition associated with stridor, wheezing and dyspnea during exercise. The condition is commonly divided into two subtypes, glottic and supraglottic, depending on the level of the obstruction in the larynx. The obstruction may also occur in a combined form. At Uppsala University Hospital there are a few different treatment options for EILO but they are most commonly referred to speech and language pathology treatment (SLP-treatment). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine (1) the perceived effect of SLP-treatment on individuals with EILO and (2) to examine whether a difference in the perceived effect was due to type of EILO. A third aim (3) was to examine the presence of voice symptoms in this group. Study designs: This study investigated separate objectives and reported results from both a retrospective cross-sectional study and a cross-sectional study. Methods: 51 participants with EILO were referred to SLP-treatment between year 2007 and 2017. 37 of the participants completed a survey on the perceived effect of SLP-treatment. All participants answered a questionnaire about voice symptoms, Screen6. Results: A majority, 54% of the 37 participants who had undergone SLP-treatment, reported being helped by the treatment. In total, 51 participants diagnosed with EILO answered the survey, generating a response rate of 52%. The result showed that 31 % of the participants reported voice problems. Voice problems were defined as having two or more voice symptoms weekly or daily on Screen6. Conclusions: (1) In this study a majority of the participants reported SLP-treatment as helpful. (2) No significant difference between the perceived effect of the intervention and type of EILO existed. (3) 31% of the participants had a voice problem according to Screen6. This number is higher, than in the general population and in other risk groups and may indicate a greater risk of voice disorders in individuals with EILO.
Spot Syndrome Virus Infection in Shrimp Lectin and Calreticulin Facilitates White Collaboration between a Soluble C-Type

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) mainly infects crustaceans through the digestive tract. Whether C-type lectins (CLs), which are important receptors for many viruses, participate in WSSV infection in the shrimp stomach remains unknown. In this study, we orally infected kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus to model the natural transmission of WSSV and identiﬁed a CL (desig-nated as M. japonicus stomach virus–associated CL [MjsvCL]) that was signiﬁcantly induced by virus infection in the stomach. Knockdown of MjsvCL expression by RNA interference suppressed the virus replication, whereas exogenous MjsvCL enhanced it. Further analysis by GST pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation showed that MjsvCL could bind to viral protein 28, the most abundant and functionally relevant envelope protein of WSSV. Furthermore, cell-surface calreticulin was identiﬁed as a receptor of MjsvCL, and the interaction between these proteins was a determinant for the viral infection–promoting activity of MjsvCL. The MjsvCL–calreticulin pathway facilitated virus entry likely in a cholesterol-dependent manner. This study provides insights into a mechanism by which soluble CLs capture and present virions to the cell-surface receptor to facilitate viral infection. The Journal of Immunology , 2014, 193: 000–000. three independent repeats. Cholesterol replenishment was performed by changing the M b CD- containing medium to fresh medium with 400 m g/ml water-soluble cholesterol (Sigma-Aldrich). After incubation for 1 h, the viral infection– promoting activity of MjsvCL was evaluated as described earlier.
Single Fasting Plasma Glucose Versus 75-g Oral Glucose-Tolerance Test in Prediction of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: Versus Oral in Prediction of

Background: There remains uncertainty regarding whether a single fasting glucose measurement is suf ﬁ cient to predict risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods: Weincluded12,594pregnantwomenwhounderwenta75-goralglucose-tolerancetest(OGTT)at22 – 28 weeks' gestation in the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study, China. Outcomes were large for gestational age (LGA)baby,cesareansection,andspontaneouspretermbirth.Wecalculatedtheareaunderthereceiveroperator characteristiccurves(AUCs)toassessthecapacityofOGTTglucosevaluestopredictadverseoutcomes,andcom- pared the AUCs of different components of OGTT. Results: 1325 women had a LGA baby (10.5%). Glucose measurements were linearly associated with LGA, with strongest associations for fasting glucose (odds ratio 1.37, 95% con ﬁ dence interval 1.30 – 1.45). Weaker associa-tionswereobserved for cesarean section andspontaneouspretermbirth.Fasting glucosehavea comparabledis- criminative power for prediction of LGA to the combination of fasting, 1 h, and 2 h glucose values during OGTT (AUCs, 0.611 vs. 0.614, P = 0.166). The LGA risk was consistently increased in women with abnormal fasting glucose ( ≥ 5.1 mmol/l), irrespective of 1 h or 2 h glucose levels. Conclusions: A single fasting glucose measurement performs comparably to 75-g OGTT in predicting risk of having a LGA baby. an access
University of Birmingham Germline Mutation in NLRP2 (NALP2) in a Familial Imprinting Disorder (Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome)

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a fetal overgrowth and human imprinting disorder resulting from the deregulation of a number of genes, including IGF2 and CDKN1C , in the imprinted gene cluster on chromosome 11p15.5. Most cases are sporadic and result from epimutations at either of the two 11p15.5 imprinting centres (IC1 and IC2). However, rare familial cases may be associated with germline 11p15.5 deletions causing abnormal imprinting in cis . We report a family with BWS and an IC2 epimutation in which affected siblings had inherited different parental 11p15.5 alleles excluding an in cis mechanism. Using a positional-candidate gene approach, we found that the mother was homozygous for a frameshift mutation in exon 6 of NLRP2 . While germline mutations in NLRP7 have previously been associated with familial hydatidiform mole, this is the first description of NLRP2 mutation in human disease and the first report of a trans mechanism for disordered imprinting in BWS. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that NLRP2 has a previously unrecognised role in establishing or maintaining genomic imprinting in humans. probable hydatidiform mole was diagnosed). Molecular studies demonstrated loss of maternal allele KvDMR1 (IC2) methylation in both affected children, but the unaffected sibling had normal methylation. H19 methylation status was normal in both affected children and MLPA analysis demonstrated no evidence of an IC1 or IC2 deletion. Genotyping revealed no evidence of paternal uniparental disomy and linkage analysis with microsatellite markers flanking IC2 (TH and D11S4088) demonstrated that the two children had inherited opposite maternal and paternal 11p15.5 alleles. These findings were consistent with IC2 epimutation resulting from a trans imprinting defect. primary genetic defect mapped outside the imprinted gene cluster. Using autozygosity mapping, we found an extended homozygous region on chromosome 19q13.4 (containing NLRP2 and NLRP7 genes) in the mother. Homozygous inactivating mutations in NLRP7 in women have been associated previously with abnormal imprinting and recurrent hydatidiform moles. We identi- fied a homozygous frameshift mutation in NLRP2 in the mother of the two children with BWS implicating NLRP2 in the establishment and/or maintenance of genomic im-printing/methylation.
Improved Two-Step Human Face Hallucination with Coupled Residue Compensation

This paper presents a face hallucination using training data sets as low and high - resolution patch pairs for an input low-resolution face image. It is complicated to be acquainted with details from a low-resolution image since of severe aliasing and unfortunate face image quality, hence gratitude from the low resolution face image may effect in false gratitude decision. In order to get better gratitude performance, the anticipated expansion method is adopted. Considering the coupled PCA compensation algorithm, this capably exploits the local distribution structure in the training samples. The first and second steps were generate global features the main characteristics of the real image and produces residual image to compensate the outcome of the first step respectively. Experiments give an idea about that the anticipated method generate higher quality face image than recent several methods.
in adulthood

s S29 accumbens decreased performance on a reversal learning paradigm because rats did not learn from losses efficiently [3]. These findings support that chemogenetic targeting of VTA dopamine neurons is an innovative approach for the treatment of motivational deficits in psychiatric disorders. Chemogenetics has the potential to become a novel braindirected treatment strategy for psychiatric disease such as major depression and anorexia nervosa.
HEPATOTHERAPEUTIC POTENTIALS OF SIDA CORYMBOSA (WIRE WEED) ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE (CCL4)-INDUCED ACUTE HEPATOTOXICITY ON MALE ALBINO WISTAR RATS

Aim: This work aimed at evaluating the hepatotherapeutic potentials of Sida corymbosa ethanolic leaf extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced hepatotoxicity on male Albino Wistar rats. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) were determined spectrophotometrically. Body and liver weights were measured using electronic weighing balance, while water consumption was measured using calibrated water bottle. Histopathological examination was carried out using hematoxyline and eosine (H and E) staining technique. Results were analyzed using ANOVA, using SPSS statistical software (version 21). The liver function (Serum AST, ALT, and ALP) assays carried out revealed significant decrease (P<0.05) in the levels of serum AST, ALT and ALP in groups of rats administered 5000, 3000 and 1000 mg/kgbw of the extract after inducing hepatotoxicity using CCL4 against groups induced hepatotoxicity without given any treatment from seven days to twenty eight days which had. These are suggesting that the treated rats with the extract may be recovering from the hepatic injury. The above changes were greatest in those administered the extract at 5000 mg/kgbw for 28 days. This suggests dose and time dependent effect. The treatment also showed positive effects on body weights and water consumption of the treated rats. The above findings were confirmed by the histological examination carried out. Sida corymbosa ethanolic leaf extract may therefore has some therapeutic effects on the livers of male Albino Wistar rats damaged by CCL4 toxicity.
Manifold learning and applications to shape and image processing=Apprentissage de variétés et applications au traitement de formes et d'images

Extrait du resume anglais : The amount of data is continuously increasing through online databases such as Flicker1. Not only is the amount of stored data increasing constantly but also the data itself is highly complex. The need for smart algorithms is obvious. Recently, manifold learning has made a strong entry into the computer vision community. This method provides a powerful tool for the analysis of high-dimensional complex data. Manifold learning is based on the assumption that the degrees of freedom of the data are much smaller than the dimension of the data space itself. More speciﬁcally, these methods try to recover a submanifold embedded in a high-dimensional space which can even be dimensionally inﬁnite as in the case of shapes. The output of such an algorithm is a mapping into a new space (commonly referred to as feature space) where the analysis of data becomes easier. Often this mapping can be thought of as a parameterization of the dataset. In the ﬁrst part of this thesis, we introduce the concepts and theory of metric spaces providing the theoretical background to manifold learning. Once the necessary tools are introduced, we will present a survey on linear and non-linear manifold learning algorithms and compare their weak and strong points. In the second part, we will develop two applications using manifold learning techniques. In both applications manifold learning is applied to recover or approximate the metric on the original space data space. In this way distance between points in the original space can be computed using the metric in the feature space. This allows the formulation of distance based optimization problems. In this spirit, we tackle a ﬁrst problem known under the name of Pre-image problem. We will look at this problem in the context of Kernel PCA and diffusion maps. It turns out, that previous Pre-image methods based on Kernel PCA used a wrong normalization in centred feature space.
Field Winter wheat yield potentials and yield gaps in the North China Plain

The North China Plain (NCP) is the most important wheat production area in China, producing about two- thirds of China’s total wheat output. To meet the associated increase in China’s food demand with the expected growth in its already large population of 1.3 billion and diet changes, wheat production in the NCP needs to increase. Because of the farmland reduction due to urbanization, strategies for increasing wheat production in the NCP should be targeted at increasing current yields. To identify options for increasing wheat yields, we analyzed the yield potentials and yield gaps using the EPIC (Environment Policy Integrated Climate) model, Kriging interpolation techniques, GIS and average farm yields at county level. As most (ca. 82%) of the winter wheat in the NCP is irrigated, it is justiﬁed to use potential yield as the benchmark of the yield gap assessment. Wheat potential yields simulated with EPIC using daily weather data from 1960 to 2007 at 43 representative sites varied from 6.6 to 9.1 t ha − 1 in the NCP, generally increasing from north to south associated with decreasing low temperature stress. Based on the county- level data (2004–2007), the actual wheat yield varied between 2.4 and 7.7 t ha − 1 , while the yield gap was between 0.6 and 5.3 t ha − 1 (7–69% of the potential yield) across the NCP and decreased with increase of actual yields ( R 2 = 0.82). For the entire region, the weighted average actual yield was 5.7 t ha − 1 , while the yield gap was 2.7 t ha − 1 or 32% of the potential yield. Using 80% of the potential yield as an exploitable level, the average actual wheat yield in the NCP could be increased by 1.0 t ha − 1 or 18%. The results provide an indication of the possibilities to increase wheat yields in the NCP. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Remote Sensing Applications for Aquatic Resource Monitoring

Aquatic habitat monitoring is being conducted by numerous organizations in many parts of the Pacific Northwest to document physical and biological conditions of stream reaches as part of legal- and policy-mandated environmental assessments. Remote sensing using discrete-return, near-infrared, airborne LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and high-resolution digital imagery may provide an alternative basis for measuring physical stream attributes that are traditionally recorded by field crews in these monitoring efforts. Here, we compare physical channel characteristics determined from airborne LiDAR versus those measured from field surveys using a total station. Study sites representing three different channel types (plane-bed, pool-riffle, and step-pool) with bankfull widths ranging from 2.5 to 18.6 m were examined in the upper John Day River basin, Oregon. LiDAR was flown on each study reach at a native pulse density of about 4 pulses/m 2 , with up to four returns per pulse. Channel cross sections and stream gradient were determined from LiDAR-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) and directly compared to total station measurements. The ability to remotely sense bankfull elevations and associated channel geometry was of particular interest in this study. Because bankfull mapping from LiDAR depends on topographic indicators (breaks in streambank slope), bankfull elevation was determined objectively from plots of hydraulic depth (flow area divided by width) as a function of flow height at each cross section, with bankfull defined as the maximum value of this function, or as the first plateau in the hydraulic depth function in channels with multiple terraces. The latter definition allows a blind test of remote sensing capabilities for cases where no field observations of bankfull elevation are available. Preliminary results show that, with the exception of one outlier, the first-terrace elevations determined from LiDAR DEMs differed from those of the total station by 0–40 cm (15 cm RMSE), corresponding channel widths differed by 0.23–5.23 m, and reach-average water-surface slopes differed by 0.0–0.0018 m/m. Furthermore, the LiDAR-derived cross-sectional profiles generally corresponded with those of the total station measurements above the water-surface elevation. However, first-terrace elevations frequently differed from field observations of bankfull stage, indicating that successful remote sensing of bankfull geometry using airborne LiDAR requires field observations to train identification of bankfull topography in LiDAR DEMs. When properly applied, remote sensing using airborne LiDAR has the potential to extend the spatial coverage, speed, consistency, and precision of physical stream measurements compared to existing field based techniques, and can be used to quantify higher-order topographic metrics (e.g., areas, volumes, curvature, and topology) beyond the point and line metrics currently measured by channel monitoring programs.
COPD_A_327686 2697..2706

1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 3Hunan Centre for EvidenceBased Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 4Division of Occupational Lung Disease, Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Respiratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Background: Pneumoconiosis has high prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory morbidity, and mortality. Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine patient characteristics and adherence to inhaled therapy among pneumoconiosis with COPD in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: A cohort of pneumoconiosis patients with COPD prescript with at least one type of long-acting inhaled drug was followed for adherence for 2 years. Demographic and COPD-related characteristics were collected in baseline. Results: In baseline, after adjusting for age, dust exposure duration positively correlated with number of acute exacerbation (AE) frequency in the last year. There were close associations among COPD Assessment Tool (CAT) score, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) grade, number of AE, and pre-FEV1 value. Of 296 participants originally recruited, 213 participants finished the 2-year follow-up for adherence. 122 (57.28%) were non-adherent to inhaled therapy. The most common reason for non-adherence was “relief of symptoms after shortterm controller medication use” (53.28%). Patients who were non-adherent reported higher body mass index (BMI), less AE events in the last year, higher pre-FEV1 value, higher post-FEV1 value and low CAT, mMRC scores compared to adherent in baseline. High pre-FEV1 value (OR = 1.04, CI = 1.018–1.064) and low mMRC scores (OR = 0.406, CI = 0.214–0.771) were risk factors found associated with non-adherence. Conclusion: A majority of pneumoconiosis patients complicated with COPD have suboptimal inhaled therapy adherence. Evidence-based, adherence-enhancing interventions should be targeted on less severe subjects.
Characters, Phenotypes and Ontologies: Curating Data from the Systematic Biology

The power of morphological data for evolutionary science is fundamentally rooted in its connection to what we know about morphology itself. Morphological data is not distinct in this regard—as is well known, molecular data, for example, yield the strongest signals when analysed using evolutionary models most consistent with what we know about DNA. However, in contrast to molecular data, the infrastructure of tools available for managing and analyzing morphological data does so without reference to the large amount of available domain knowledge. For these tools, the length of a femur is as unrelated to the size of a humerus as to the shape of the maxilla, even though our domain knowledge tells us that humerus and femur are serially homologous structures that are parts of the appendages in vertebrates. It also tells us that in contrast the maxilla and femur are parts of very different regions of the skeleton.