Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression and functionality of anti-HIV and anticancer drug uptake transporters in immune cells

Almost all drugs used in anti-HIV-1 and anticancer therapies require membrane proteins to get into the cell to develop their proper activity. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the expression and activity of specific carriers involved in the uptake of these drugs in immune cells. Here, we assessed the mRNA levels, protein expression profile and activity of the gene families SLC28 (coding for Concentrative Nucleoside Transporters, hCNT1-3), SLC29 (Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters, hENT1-2), and SLC22 (Organic Cation Transporters, hOCT1-3 and hOCTN1-2). Both hENTs and hCNT2 were abundant in primary lymphocytes, with a preferential activity of hENT1. A significant up-regulation in hENTs expression (100-fold) and activity (30-fold) was seen under stimulation of primary T lymphocytes. Conversely, monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells predominantly expressed hCNT3, a functional transporter in MDMs. Finally, in immune cells, hOCTs showed a more heterogeneous expression profile and a lower activity than hNTs, although up-regulation of hOCTs also occurred upon lymphocyte activation. Overall, the expression and activity of most of the studied transporters emphasizes their relevance in relation to anti-HIV and anticancer therapies. The identification of the transporter involved in each specific drug uptake in immune cells could help to optimize pharmacological therapeutic responses. polyclonal (TBS) containing of Normal Human Fetal Bovine (FBS) to block unspecific binding; Primary rabbit polyclonal and were newly generated and anti-hCNT3 antibodies purified peptide used immunize the analyzing hCNT2 and hCNT3 expression in transfected cells expressing these particular transporter proteins (not shown). For cytospins of PBMCs or MDMs cultured on cover slips, all primary antibodies were detected using a polyclonal goat anti-rabbit HRP conjugated antibody (Cultek, followed by development with liquid (DakoCytomation, as described by the After and fixing from three independent healthy donors (performed in triplicate). Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance between Cho vs. Na+ in Non-stim PBMCs and PHA-stim PBMCs was assessed by paired Student t-test (*p<0.05; **p<0.01).
Tunneling Ethernet Traffic via Redundant Low Bandwidth Communication Links

A Network Control System (NCS) is a control system where control loop signals are exchanged via digital communication networks. The aim of those control systems is to eliminate discrete cabling. Hence, the complexity and the total cost for the development and implementation are reduced. If sensors and actuators are added, it is easy to modify and extend them at low cost and without significant change of the system. As communication networks, classical fieldbus systems, Industrial Ethernet or wireless networks are used. The distance covered between two network devices is often larger than 100 meters. However, this distance equals the maximum possible distance between two Ethernet network devices. An existing platform solves this problem by using TIA/EIA-485. TIA/EIA-485 is a halfduplex differential network bus being able to reach a bus length of up to 1200 meters. Moreover, it is an efficient and robust solution. A micro-controller is utilized to realize an interface between an Ethernet network and TIA/EIA-485. This allows to build wide spread networks, which are often part of NCS. The difficulty still is to transmit Ethernet data transparently. Within the scope of this thesis, a more efficient protocol for the transmission of Ethernet frames via redundant TIA/EIA-485 interfaces is developed. Thereby, the data throughput is significantly improved compared to the existing protocol. A micro-controller receives data from an Ethernet endpoint and forwards it in the UART data format via two TIA/EIA-485 interfaces. If an error occurs during transmission or one of the two TIA/EIA-485 interfaces fails, it is detected and only a part of the Ethernet frame has to be retransmitted. This is achieved by splitting the Ethernet frames into smaller frames. It has to be assured that all frames are only transmitted and received once. Nevertheless, the system continues the operation with the remaining TIA/EIA485 interface. The data rate of the TIA/EIA-485 interface is configurable depending on the network length. The protocol is successfully implemented as a proof-of-concept on Microchip development boards Explorer 16. A sound evaluation shows the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed approach. At the end of the thesis, a detailed comparison with the initial approach is given to show the improvements concerning performance and reliability of the concept.
Multivariate Event Detection for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring

—Due to the growing interest for in-home activity monitoring, the tracking of appliances use, usually referred to as Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM), has to address new challenges. Indeed, as NILM has long been motivated by potential energy savings, most event detectors for NILM have focused on the detection of on-or off-switches of high power devices. On the contrary, in-home monitoring typically relies on the detection of events related to low-power devices from potentially noisy signals. Additionally, approaches that apply expert heuristics to a single-variate input, often favored for their low complexity and real-time applicability, can be overly sensitive to the choice of an arbitrary deﬁned detection threshold. This paper aims at decreasing the sensitivity of a detector based on expert heuristic by applying it to the Hotelling-T 2 statistic of a multivariate input, computed online from the current and voltage inputs. Focusing on realistic scenarios, the approach is evaluated on a dataset recorded in a real apartment using a commercially available smart-meter. The results, expressed in terms of precision, recall and F-score, show that the proposed approach can both yield higher performance and be less sensitive to the choice of the detection threshold.
Special Phase I and II trials of novel anti-cancer agents: Endpoints, efficacy and existentialism

Decades of work in the laboratory aimed at uncovering genetic and other causes of malignant disease have yielded a tremendous amount of knowledge. Thus this is a time of unprecedented opportunity with many novel targets to pursue in cancer therapeutics. At the level of the cell, targets in cytoplasmic and cell surface signaling molecules, processes of cell cycle control, and mutations or lack of expression of suppressor genes have all yielded multiple new agents for evaluation. Similarly, at the extra cellular level, there are large numbers of novel drugs designed to limit tumor penetration and metastasis and agents which directly inhibit angiogenesis. Finally, vaccines to overcome immune tolerance of cancer are being developed. This unprecedented volume of new agents presents us with numerous challenges. The first, very practical, challenge is to efficiently organize ourselves to quickly investigate the long list of drugs coming into the clinic, so that those that are without potential are discarded and those that have potential in improving outcome are accurately identified for further study. The second major challenge relates to a need to reevaluate the conceptual framework we have used for cancer treatment. Although the ultimate goal of cancer therapy, to prolong survival or cure this disease, will not change, our understanding of the mechanism of action of the some of these new agents will cause us to shift our treatment approach. If certain novel agents are not expected to cause tumor regression, the familiar paradigm of giving as high a dose as possible in rounds of cyclical therapy will need to be shifted to one of repeated smaller doses adequate to inhibit the target, but not sufficient to produce serious toxic effects (Figure 1). This paradigm shift leads us to challenges at the phase I and II level of drug development with respect to how we select dose and how to detect efficacy if it truly exists. Thus it is timely to reflect on several issues with respect to phase I and II trial design. What measures in these clinical trials are possible? Which measures are plausible in providing surrogate assessments of efficacy? Will any be meaningful in terms of the ultimate survival of the patient? As the title suggests, this paper will review some of the challenges of cancer drug development today reflecting on elements of endpoints, efficacy and existentialism. An endpoint is that which can be measured to assist in reaching the stated trial goal; efficacy must reflect meaningful benefit at the level of the patient with the disease. Existentialism is a philosophic theory which emphasizes the existence of an individual as a free agent in determining his or her own development, purpose and meaning. In some ways, the clinical evaluation of many novel agents will require us to engage in new thinking, making use of some of the elements of existentialist thought with respect to assigning purpose and meaning to the design, measurement and interpretation of data.
Hamiltonian Neural Networks

In today’s world, neural networks are being in almost every discipline resulting in signiﬁcant improvement in all the tools and applications. But in the ﬁeld of Physics, they struggle to attain the basic laws like conservation of momentum. The paper Hamiltonian Neural Networks addresses this issue by using Hamiltonian mechanics to train the neural network in an unsupervised method. The following report is an explanation of the paper and the code to reproduce the claimed results
Forecasting stream flow using hybrid neuro-wavelet technique

Abstract Precise and timely predictions of high and low flow events at any watershed location can provide stakeholders the information required to make strategic, informed decisions. Specifically, soft computing models have become popular in last few decades because of their ability of offering effective solutions for modeling and analyzing the behavior of complex dynamical systems along with simulating and forecasting hydrological applications. Artificial neural networks (ANN) have gained significant attention for forecasting stream flows in last two decades. Phase lag nevertheless is the common problem noticed in most of the studies that used univariate time series modeling. This technical issue must be resolved if such tools are to be transferred into an operational settings. This study explores the potential benefits of applying a phase lag correction procedure to neural network stream flow forecasting models by combining wavelet transform with ANN at four stations from Krishna and Narmada basins in India.
Maintaining a Competitive Edge for Small and Medium Enterprises through Education and Training in Developed, Developing, and Emerging Economies: A Literature Review

– Successive studies have reported the importance of SME training for developed, developing and emerging economies and their role in improving the SME performance and minimizing their failure. In line with the significance of SME training, the current paper systematically reviews the existing literature and categories it in the field of enterprise training and SMEs performance. For the purpose, a three stage methodology is employed which is to determine the databases considered as the potential publications outlets in the field, to determine the search descriptors and time length, and to identify the relevant research studies. The literature review has covered many areas and identified various external and organizational factors that drive or hinder training initiatives within SMEs. In addition, this study also identifies the research gap related to the SME’s training and performance in developed, developing and emerging economies. The evaluation of existing literature reported that firms managed by educated owner/managers are aware of the importance of training in terms of enhancing profit, reputation and the quality of their products. Moreover, the results of this study have demonstrated that SMEs have to embrace and internalize training to remain relevant and competitive. Such as review pf literature proved that technical and business training enables owner/managers to use efficient technology and know-how to re-invent to remain competitive. Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.
Monitoring the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of diagnostic tools

Several issues are still unclear about the COVID-19 pandemic infection. The spreading of the infection throughout the world shows striking differences. In the present survey is described the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection as reported in internationally updated online registers, comparing reported cases and deaths per million of inhabitants. Analysis of the data reflects a wide range among the continents and within each geographic area there are important differences among different countries. A focus on the Italian regions describes significant differences in terms of cases between North and South Italy in August 2020, a situation that reflects the diffusion of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the period of February-April 2020. The scenario becomes completely different in October; indeed the number of cases and hospitalized patients shows an increase of 20-fold with respect to August 2020. Tools for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection have become pivotal in the efforts to control the infection and monitor infected subjects. In the present report the different tests currently available are described as well as their usefulness in the present situation and their potential usage once the campaign for mass vaccination is effective.
CHAPTER 2 2 Wheat

1 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru-502, 324 (A.P.), India, e-mail: r.k. varshney@cgiar.org 2 Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut-250, 004 U.P. India 3 Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics (ACPFG), University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1 Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
Analyzing Rainfall Condition of Bangladesh: An Application of Markov Chain

This paper aims to study the long term changes of rainfall at two stations in Bangladesh by using Markov Chain Model. For this study daily rainfall data were collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). Stationary distribution test has been employed and to test whether the daily rainfall occurrences are stationary or not. After 10 days and 8 days, stationary probabilities have been observed for Dhaka and Chittagong station, respectively. By analyzing limiting behavior of current day’s rainfall, it also has been observed that in Dhaka station 56% status of the day will be rainy and the rest of the condition will be sunny in May to October, whereas in Chittagong it is 58%. Lastly, using Cramer’s 2 V and the test of several correlations coefficient, it has found that the association among the daily rainfall occurrences decreases when order of the Markov chain increases. ______________________________
A randomised controlled study on the effects of different surface treatments and adhesive self-etch functional monomers on the immediate repair bond strength and integrity of the repaired resin composite interface using 3D surface profilometry and scanning electron microscopy

Objectives : To evaluate the effects of different surface conditioning methods on the immediate repair bond strength and integrity of the repaired composite interface. Methods : One hundred and five resin composite blocks made of a nanohybrid resin composite were randomly assigned to one of the following surface conditioning groups (n=15/group): Group 1: Gluma Self Etch™ adhesive system, Group 2: Tokuyama Bond Force II™ adhesive system, Group 3: non-roughened and non-conditioned surfaces, Group 4: sandblasting and Gluma Self Etch™, Group 5: sandblasting and Tokuyama Bond Force II™, Group 6: sandblasting only. A positive control group was also used. Resin composite identical to the substrate was applied and the repaired specimens were subjected to shear bond strength (SBS) testing. Representative samples from all groups were subjected to scanning electron microscopy and surface profilometry to determine their mode of failure. The data were analysed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and two independent sample t test (α=0.05). Results : The mean SBS of all test groups ranged between 1.92 and 5.40 MPa and varied with the degree of composite surface roughness and the type of adhesive system employed. Significantly highest SBS values (5.40 ± 0.36 MPa) were obtained in Group 5 (p=0.017) which were comparable to the coherent strength of the resin composite in the positive control group (p>0.05). Conclusions : Under the tested conditions, significantly greater SBS of repaired resin composite was achieved when the substrate surface was conditioned by sandblasting followed by the application of the Tokuyama Bond Force II™ adhesive system. Clinical significance : Effecting a repair of a nanohybrid composite restoration with sandblasting and the application of TBF II would seem to enhance the interfacial bond strength and integrity of the repaired resin composite interface. Clinical trials are necessary to determine the usefulness of this technique.
A Knowledge-based System for Extracting Combined and Individual Quranic Recitations

The aim of this research is to create a web platform to facilitate the teaching and training of various Quranic recitations called "Qira'at" using the methods of combined Quranic recitations and individual Quranic recitations via speech/audio and writing text . To do so, this study propose an approach that extracts the ten minor combined-recitations according to Al-Shatibiyyah and Al-Durrah approaches, extracts the seven combined-recitations from Al-Shatibiyyah, and extracts the three combined-recitations from Al-Durrah. Moreover, this approach extracts the group of imams, the individual imams, the individual narrations, the variant methods and their modes of recitation from the ten major combined-recitations according to Al-Tayyibah approach; and is applied on the fourth verse of Chapter "Al-An'am" , which contains one sub-verse . This study also mentions the statement and explanation of the principles and steady rules of each recitation and the unsteady rules by evidence shown from Al-Shatibiyyah, Al-Durrah and Al-Tayyibah approaches. This study is achieved using concepts from expert systems through the establishment of knowledge bases emanating from expert scholars in Quranic Qira'at, and an inference engine to extract the steps of the combined Quranic recitations and the steps of the individual Quranic recitations in text and audio media formats. A prototype of the proposed expert system is presented based on the collected knowledge base and the database. This research is precedent in demonstrating how far expert systems can be applied to the science of Quranic recitations.
OTT_A_250416 4581..4589

*These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: Increasing evidence has indicated an association between immune infiltration in colon cancer and clinical outcomes. The aim of this research is to comprehensively investigate the effect of 22 tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) on the prognosis of colon cancer patients. Methods: In our research, CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the proportion of 22 TIICs in 369 colon cancer cases and 39 normal cases from the TCGA cohort. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of 22 TIICs on the prognosis of colon cancer. Immune risk scoring model was constructed based on the statistical correlation between TIICs subpopulation and survival. Meanwhile, multivariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to investigate whether the immune risk score model was an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of colon cancer. Nomogram was constructed to comprehensively predict the survival rate of colon cancer. P< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The results of the difference analysis showed that except for 12 TIICs, the remaining immune cells exhibited no differential infiltration between normal and colon cancer tissues (p<0. 05). Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed 5 immune cells statistically correlated with colon cancer-related survival risk, including B cells naive, B cells memory, monocytes, macrophages M0, macrophages M1 (P<0.05). In addition, a four-cell based immune risk scoring model was constructed through LASSO Cox regression analysis. KM curve indicated that patients in highrisk were associated with poor outcomes (p<0.001). ROC curve indicated that the immune risk score model was reliable in predicting survival risk (AUC=0.848). Our model showed satisfying AUC and survival correlation in the validation dataset (3-year over survival (OS) AUC=0.941, 5-year OS AUC=0.865, P=0.022). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that the immune risk score model was an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of colon cancer (hazard ratio (HR) =5.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) =2.336–10.777; P<0.001). Ultimately, a nomogram was established to comprehensively predict the survival of colon cancer patients with the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusion: Collectively, tumor-infiltrating immune cells played an essential role in the prognosis of colon cancer. Furthermore, immune risk score was an independent predictive factor of colon cancer, indicating a poor survival.
WLAN APPLICATION BASED ON A CPW FED DUAL BAND METAMATERIAL ANTENNA

: A CPW fed dual band metamaterial antenna is presented for WLAN Applications. It is composed of a loop loaded periodically with mu-negative transmission line (MNG-TL) and a circular patch located in the center of loop for lower and upper frequency band respectively. The mu negative transmission line loop is based on the infinite wavelength property allows current along the loop for the same magnitude and phase to create omnidirectional radiation pattern. On the other hand, a unidirectional radiation pattern is generated by a circular patch. In order to feed the mu negative transmission line, a CPW transmission line is proposed. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. It is demonstrated that the measurement has good agreement with simulation.
Edinburgh Explorer The systematics of Late Jurassic tyrannosauroids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Europe and North America

2013. The systematics of Late Jurassic tyrannosauroid theropods from Europe and America. (1): Recent discoveries of more than ten new species of tyrannosauroid theropods are helping to understand the origin and evolu− tionofcolossal bodysizeandothercharacteristicfeaturesof Tyrannosaurusrex anditsterminal Cretaceousrelatives.Partic− ularly important has been the discovery and reinterpretation of Late Jurassic tyrannosauroids from Europe and North Amer− ica, which are intermediate in size and phylogenetic position between small basal tyrannosauroids and the largest Late Cre− taceous species. The fragmentary nature of these Jurassic specimens, however, has frustrated attempts to understand their systematics and phylogeny. A new specimen from the Late Jurassic of England was recently named as a new species ( Stokesosaurus langhami ) of the genus Stokesosaurus , which is known from several fragmentary fossils from North Amer− ica. We review the systematics and phylogeny of these European and North American specimens and show that there are no unequivocal synapomorphies uniting them. Furthermore, a revised phylogenetic analysis does not recover them as sister taxa.Thisnecessitatesataxonomicrevisionofthismaterial,andwenameanewgenus( Juratyrant )fortheBritishspecimen.