Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production of a Functional Tea from Moringa oleifera LAM Leaf Powder:Optimization of Phenolic Extraction Using Response Surface Methodology

Overproduction of free radicals is implicated in the pathogenesis of most chronic diseases. Antioxidant phytochemicals thus play an important role in the prevention of these diseases. Tea is consumed across different cultures and is a major source of phenolic compounds in our diets. The aim of this study was to optimize extraction conditions for the preparation of a phytochemical-rich Moringa oleifera functional tea with antioxidant potential using Response Surface Methodology. Extraction conditions (temperature (°C), solid to liquid ratio (mg/mL) and time (min)) were optimized for recovery of total polyphenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF) and total tannins (TT). At the optimal conditions, Moringa tea was produced and its antioxidant capacity determined using the 2,2’-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and total reducing power assays. The amount of phytochemicals extracted was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the extraction variables and their interactions in some cases. All 3 response variables (TP, TF and TT) exhibited the same optimal extraction conditions which were a solid to liquid ratio of 1/20 mg/mL, a temperature of 97°C and time of 35 min with optimal yields of 56.96, 34.66 and 3.53 mg/100 mL for TP, TF and TT respectively. Moringa olifera functional tea prepared at these optimal conditions was able to inhibit 81% of free radical using the DPPH assay, slightly higher than ascorbic acid (77%) used as reference; and had a reducing potential of 1.75 g Ascorbic Acid Equivalence/100 g DM. The tea could thus be considered an antioxidant rich tea for use in the prevention of chronic diseases.
Exposure-related effects of Zequanox on juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)

The environmental fate, persistence, and non-target animal impacts of traditional molluscicides for zebra, Dreissena polymorpha, and quagga, D. bugensis, mussel control led to the development of the biomolluscicide Zequanox. Although previous research has demonstrated the specificity of Zequanox, one study indicated sensitivity of salmonids and lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens, following non-label compliant exposures to Zequanox. This study was conducted to evaluate sublethal and lethal impacts of Zequanox exposure on juvenile lake sturgeon and lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, following applications that were conducted in a manner consistent with the Zequanox product label. Fish were exposed to 50 or 100 mg/L of Zequanox as active ingredient for 8 h and then held for 33 d to evaluate latent impacts. No acute mortality was observed in either species; however, significant latent mortality was observed in lake trout that were exposed to the highest dose of Zequanox. Statistically significant but biologically minimal differences were observed in the weight (range 20.17 to 21.49 g) of surviving lake sturgeon at the termination of the 33 d post-exposure observation period. Statistically significant and biologically considerable differences were observed in the weight (range 6.19 to 9.55 g) of surviving lake trout at the termination of the 33 d post-exposure observation period. Histologic evaluation of lake trout gastrointestinal tracts suggests that the mode of action in lake trout is different from the mode of action that induces zebra and quagga mussel mortality. Further research could determine the sensitivity of other salmonid species to Zequanox and determine if native fish will avoid Zequanox treated water.
Operational experience with the LEP2 SC cavity system

The LEP energy upgrade programme (LEP2) consists of increasing the ee colliding beams’ energies far beyond the W pair production threshold, up to 96 GeV. The large increase in accelerating voltage required, from 250 MV for LEP1 at 45 GeV to 2700 MV at 96 GeV, will be provided by 272 superconducting (sc) cavities. Almost all are of the Nb/Cu type, with a nominal accelerating field of 6 MV/m at 352 MHz. A first set of 56 sc cavities was installed during 1995 and made possible a short physics run at energies of 65, 68 and for a short time 70 GeV. The experience gained during this run, as well as that obtained previously on the machine, will be presented. The cavities and their upgraded ancillary equipment worked satisfactorily at their nominal field and with the LEP beam currents (~ 7 mA). Apart from the usual problems of debugging many new pieces of equipment, the difficulties encountered were microphonic oscillations, together with effects due to the much larger impedance at the RF frequency. An RF feedback working on the vector sum of the signals from the eight cavities driven by a common klystron has been implemented to address these problems. The next steps towards the completion of the LEP2 programme will also be presented.
Fiscal Policy Shocks in the Euro Area and the US: An Empirical Assessment

We analyse the impact of fiscal policy shocks in the euro area as a whole, using a newly available quarterly dataset of fiscal variables for the period 1981-2007. To allow for comparability with previous results on euro area countries and the US, we use a standard structural VAR framework, and study the impact of aggregated and disaggregated government spending and net taxes shocks. In addition, to frame euro area results, we apply the same methodology for the same sample period to US data. We also explore the sensitivity of the provided results to the inclusion of variables aiming at measuring "financial stress" (increases in risk) and "fiscal stress" (sustainability concerns). Analysing US and euro area data with a common methodology provides some interesting insights on the interpretation of fiscal policy shocks.
Low-Disorder Microwave Cavity Lattices for Quantum Simulation with Photons

We assess experimentally the suitability of coupled transmission line resonators for studies of quantum phase transitions of light. We have measured devices with low photon hopping rates t/2pi = 0.8MHz to quantify disorder in individual cavity frequencies. The observed disorder is consistent with small imperfections in fabrication. We studied the dependence of the disorder on transmission line geometry and used our results to fabricate devices with disorder less than two parts in 10^4. The normal mode spectrum of devices with a high photon hopping rate t/2pi = 31MHz shows little effect of disorder, rendering resonator arrays a good backbone for the study of condensed matter physics with photons.
The Effect of Different Mineral Materials on Preparation of Ch4 from Sodium Acetate

As a renewable energy source, methane can not only improve ecological benefits and save energy, but also bring good economic benefits. In order to enhance the efficiency of methane preparation, the author used sodium acetate as the base material to study the effect of various mineral materials on microbial methane preparation. The results showed that mineral materials with good conductivity play a positive role in anaerobic microbial methane preparation, which is of referential meanings to highly-effective CH4 preparation.
Criminal Event Detection and Classification in Web Documents Using ANN Classifier

Text mining can be described as the process of extracting particular information from within unstructured data, thereby facilitating access to potentially valuable information for use in a wide variety of fields. In this paper, we selected the crime domain to explore the hidden important information using text mining techniques. Developing an effective and intelligent system for extracting the important and hidden information from crime reports and Social Networking websites would be useful for police investigators, for accelerating the investigative process which helps in crime prediction by conducting further analysis. The proposed approach deals with automatic construction of crime related thesaurus. The proposed information extraction approach relies on computational linguistic techniques. The domain related terms and its related sentences are selected to identify patterns of interest. Further, syntactic analysis is done based on POS Tagging. Sentences Classification and clustering is done based on the sentence patterns using ANN. 
ASSESSING THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF THE FOREST FIRES IN SOUTHEASTERN CHINA

This study presented the distribution of the largest forest fires in the area of Sanming, Fujian province of China from 2000 to 2009 and focused on the spatial and temporal dynamics of forest fire occurrences. The fire location distribution, occurrence causes, and daily, monthly and annual distribution of fires influenced by weather were examined. The weather data was analyzed using the software FWI Calc. v.10. 3.1. 106. There were a total of 818 forest fires occurred in the period 2000-2009 that burned 87 million m of forests; the fires have been detected during the fieldwork. The time distribution of forest fire occurrence had a regular pattern daily, and most forest fires occurred between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. , accounting for 92.42% of total fires. It was found that drier and warmer weathers provided favorable conditions for forest fire occurrences, and the majority of serious fires were occurred between 2008 and 2009, which was a period with relatively dry and warm weather. Significant relationships between forest fire occurrence and weather were determined in the study. Because of human activities and more combustible species in Youxi and Datian counties in the Sanming area, the two counties had the highest fire risks.
Synthesis and Characterization of CdSe Quantum Dot Via Pyrolysis Of Organometalic Reagent

We report a low cost and reproducible synthesis of cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dot (QD) via pyrolysis of organometallic reagent. The synthesis was performed in a fume-hood starting with the injection of one week old selenium precursor (organometallic source) into cadmium oxide (CdO) solution (pyrolyfic source) at 195oC to produce discrete homogeneous nucleation under slow growth. Differences in the injection time resulted to dissimilarity in the nanocrystal growth, shape and size. Oleic acid (OA) was used to protect the CdSe QD against oxidation and photon emission loss while organic ligand layer of trioctylphosphine (TOPO) was used to protect the QDs from agglomeration. The optical properties of the CdSe QD with size ranges between 2.09 and 4.90 nm were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) optical photoluminescence (PL) and absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis). The peak-to-peak values, irregularities in the surface texture and the root-mean-square values of the surface roughness of the CdSe QDs were determined. The CdSe QDs were found to be stable under ambient temperature for about three months.
Comparative Effect between Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Clomiphine citrate on induced premature ovarian failure (POF) in mice

The present study was conducted to do a comparative between MSCs and Clomiphene citrate on induced POF in mice in College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Baghdad from September 2016 to September 2017. 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (80 mg/kg) B.W was used to induce POF. Forty females mice were separated into four groups, the first group (T1) was control, second group (T2) was induced and handled with phosphate buffer saline, third group (T3) was induced and handled with MSCS (25x 10cell / kg) B.W, fourth group (T4) was induced and treated with Clomiphine citrate (0.1 mg/kg) B.W. The results of T3 showed regulation in hormones with normalize the glutathione peroxides, superoxide dismutase levels, fertility index% with a significant increase in serum vascular endothelium growth factor as compared with T2 and T4. Histopathological result of T3 showed regular outline of growing ovarian follicles as compared with T1, T2 and T4. This study concluded that the MSCs had inhibitory effect to POF without side effect whereas Clomiphene citrate was attributed in healing of POF with many side effects.
POSSIBLE CAVERN-FORMING ACTIVITY AT MILLENNIAL TIME SCALES AND ITS IMPACT ON VARIATIONS IN SUBMARINE CAVE ENVIRONMENTS AND HABITAT AVAILABILITY, OKINAWA, JAPAN

We examined the spatial distributions and 14 C ages of sessile marine organisms in the submarine cave Ginama at Okinawa, Japan. The cave is the northernmost and only known submarine cave with an air chamber in the northwestern Pacific region. The upper limit of living individuals of the coralline sponges Acanthocaetetes wellsi and the bivalve Pycnodonte taniguchii in the cave is located at a depth of approximately 10 m relative to the surface of the pool in the cave. Low temperatures and low salinities prevent these organisms from colonizing water depths shallowerthan 10m. On the other hand, the upper limit of fossil individuals, dated between 5117 and 387 cal yr BP, is at a depth of 2.5 m, implying that at present the influence of fresh water on the cave pool is stronger than it has been at other times in the past 5000 years. This increase in the flux of fresh water may be explained by continuous cavern-forming activities such as dissolution.
Inheritance of resistance to Bangalore race of 'Fusarium' wilt disease in pigeonpea ('Cajanus cajan' L.)

Pigeonpea is one of the important legume crops of India which is affected by 'Fusarium' wilt ('Fusarium udum') disease causing severe yield loss. Four different races of 'Fusarium' wilt have reported been with pathogenic race present in Bangalore being most virulent. Hence in the present study nature of inheritance of wilt disease was studied in segregating generations (F2 and F3) of crosses namely BRG-1 ICP-8863 and TTB-7 ICP-8863. Digenic ratio of 9 (susceptible): 7 (resistant) and 13 (susceptible): 3 (resistant) was obtained in F2 generation of two crosses BRG-1 x ICP-8863 and TTB-7 x ICP-8863, respectively. Frequency distribution of F3 generation showed normal curve, skewed towards susceptibility. This indicates that susceptibility was dominant over resistance and is governed by two or more genes. Probable loci responsible for disease reaction have been designated as 'FuB1, FuB2' and 'FuB3'. Susceptible parents (TTB 7 and BRG 1) shared one common dominant gene whereas ICP 8863 had recessive resistant gene. Characterisation of these genes will help in marker assisted breeding programme.
Research on Evaluation System Construction and Empirical Analysis of Self-dependent Innovation Demonstration Areas Competitiveness: The Case of Three Demonstration Areas in Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan

Self-dependent innovation demonstration area is the demonstrating and leading zone in the development of the self-dependent innovation and high-tech industry promotion in China, whose competitiveness performance will determine the developing direction of our country’s innovation level. This paper constructs a self-dependent innovation demonstration area competitiveness evaluation model with the evaluation index system called "four-dimensional CIAE" reflecting the core functions of self-dependent innovation demonstration including carrier support, Independent innovation, agglomeration-radiation and external expansion, utilizes the composite relation entropy matter-element model and conducts a comparative analysis of the performances and the characteristics of three large demonstration areas’ comprehensive competitiveness, which provides a scientific and effective evaluation tool for the national self-dependent innovation demonstration area construction.
Fermions Tunneling from Higher-Dimensional Reissner-Nordstr\"om Black Hole: Semiclassical and Beyond Semiclassical Approximation

Based on semiclassical tunneling method, we focus on charged fermions tunneling from higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. We first simplify the Dirac equation by semiclassical approximation, and then a semiclassical Hamilton-Jacobi equation is obtained. Using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we study the Hawking temperature and fermions tunneling rate at the event horizon of the higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black hole spacetime. Finally, the correct entropy is calculation by the method beyond semiclassical approximation.
Isolation, bioinformatic and tissue expression analysis of a novel water buffalo gene-BTN1A1.

Butyrophilin 1a1 (BTN1A1) is a milk fat globule membrane protein and plays a crucial role in the secretion of milk lipid and milk lactation. In the present study, water buffalo BTN1A1 cDNA was isolated and characterized. The full-length CDS of BTN1A1 from the water buffalo mammary gland consists of 1581 nucleotides, which encodes 526 amino acids with a molecular weight of 49.26 kDa and a pI of 5.05. Bioinformatic prediction indicates that the protein contains one signal peptide in its N-terminal side, and belongs to a hydrophilic single-pass transmembrane protein located in the cytoplasm. The CDS sequence of BTN1A1 in water buffalo had 100%, 99%, 97% and 97% identity with that of cattle, yak, goat and sheep, respectively. There was no polymorphism found in water buffalo BTN1A1. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the amino acid sequences of BTN1A1 from all sixteen species revealed that the water buffalo has closer genetic relationship with the species of bovidae family, which suggested that the function of water buffalo BTN1A1 is similar to that of other bovine species. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis shows that the water buffalo BTN1A1 gene is mainly expressed in mammary gland, with little or no expression in other tissues, which indicates BTN1A1 plays a crucial role in the secretion of milk lipid and milk lactation.
A Comparative Study of Multipath Routing Protocols in WSN Ms

Wireless Sensor Network is the group of specialized transducers with a communication infrastructure that uses radio to monitor and record physical or environmental conditions. There are a number of routing protocols for wireless sensor network. In this paper, an effort has been made to compare the performance of various routing protocols. Three performance metrics are taken into consideration namely number of alive nodes, number of dead nodes and packets transmitted to the sink. Simulation is performed in MATLAB programming environment.
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Well-Being: Is Social Impairment an Issue for College Students with ADHD?.

In this study, the psychological well-being of college students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was analyzed. A survey was administered to a convenience sample of undergraduates aged 18-25 at a Southern university (N=317). Well-being was measured using Ryff’s (1989) 6 likert scales of psychological wellbeing. Students with self-reported ADHD had lower scores on total well-being, environmental mastery, personal growth, and purpose in life. They reported comparable levels on autonomy, self-acceptance, and positive relations with others. Findings suggest that college students who reported an ADHD diagnosis were similar to other college students in their perceptions of well-being, but perceived more difficulties in their organizational and goal-oriented competencies compared to peers who had never received an ADHD diagnosis. Recommendations for university administrators and disability professionals are discussed.
Optimal Capacitor Switching Method Based On Minimum Spinning Tree Theory in Distribution Systems

According to the radial structure operation characteristics of distribution systems, this paper proposes a new method based on minimum spanning trees for capacitor optimal switching. Firstly, taking the minimal active power loss as objective function and not considering the capacity constraints of capacitors and source, this paper uses Prim algorithm among minimum spinning trees algorithms to get the power supply ranges of capacitors and source. Then with the capacity constraints of capacitors considered, capacitors are ranked by the method of breadth-first search. In term of the order from high to low of capacitor ranking, capacitor compensation capacity based on their power supply range is calculated. Finally, IEEE 69 bus system is adopted to test the accuracy and practicality of the proposed algorithm.
Estimating the diversity of arboreal oonopid spider assemblages (Araneae, Oonopidae) at Afrotropical sites

Abstract The abundance, species richness, and assemblage structure of arboreal Oonopidae of Afrotropical rainforests and savannahs was investigated. Canopy-dwelling spiders were collected by insecticide knockdown fogging at 11 rainforest and three savannah sites in West, Central, and East Africa. In two lowland rainforests (Luki, DR Congo, and Kakum, Ghana) and two savannahs (Faro, Cameroon, and Mkomazi, Tanzania) Oonopidae were the second most abundant spider family, comprising up to 22% of the arboreal arachnofauna. In total, 51 species and 11 genera of Oonopidae were recorded from the 14 study sites. Kakum was the most species- and genus-rich site, with 11 species and 5 genera recorded. The arboreal oonopid assemblages were almost invariably found to be dominated by the widely-distributed genera Orchestina Simon and Opopaea Simon, in terms of both abundance and species richness. Orchestina in particular can be highly abundant and can comprise more than 90% of arboreal oonopids in rainforests as well as in savannahs. Species accumulation curves and six nonparametric estimators of total species richness (Chao 1, Chao 2, ACE, first- and second-order jackknife, and bootstrap) were calculated for Luki, Kakum, and Faro to evaluate the level of inventory completeness. In Kakum and Faro the species accumulation curve respectively closely approached and reached a stable asymptote. The selected nonparametric estimators were found to lack predictive power when applied to the Faro data set and appeared to behave similarly poorly on the Kakum sample set.
Independent Director Incentives: Where Do Talented Directors Spend Their Limited Time and Energy?

We study reputation incentives in the director labor market and find that directors with multiple directorships distribute their effort unequally based on the directorship's relative prestige. When directors experience an exogenous increase in a directorship's relative ranking, their board attendance rate increases and subsequent firm performance improves. Also, directors are less willing to relinquish their relatively more prestigious directorships, even when firm performance declines. Finally, forced Chief Executive Officer departure sensitivity to poor performance rises when a larger fraction of independent directors view the board as relatively more prestigious. We conclude that director reputation is a powerful incentive for independent directors.