Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and treatment of the Cancer Tumor Cells (CTCs); Capturing and Diagnosing Kits

Objective(s): In the developed countries, one of the leading causes of death is cancer. Cancer cells with their unique and destructive characteristics impose high costs on communities. Methods: In this study, we will review the latest cancer researches and diagnostic tools. Results: Existing technologies, using clinical markers and studying the polymeric screeners of cancer cells, have created kits that make cancer diagnosis at early stages. The study of the survival mechanism in malaria and honey bee and the development of bacterial engineering has created new approaches to create powerful tools for cancer detection and control. Conclusions: The completion of these processes will create the potential for cancer eradication. Study of the survival mechanisms in nature and purposive modeling of it will lead to provide many solutions to solve the problems. These studies can lead to develop accurate diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
Osteoarthritis patients with high haemoglobin A1c have increased Toll-like receptor 4 and matrix metalloprotease-13 expression in the synovium

Purpose While research has identified diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Studies suggest that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression is elevated in osteoarthritic lesions of OA patients and in target tissues of insulin resistance such as adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in patients with DM. TLR4 is associated with inflammation and catabolic response via regulation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). We hypothesized that TLR4 and MMP expression may be increased in the synovial tissue (SYN) of KOA patients with diabetic pathology. We therefore investigated TLR and MMP expression in the SYN of KOA patients with and without high haemoglobin A1c concentrations. Patients and methods A total of 171 patients radiographically diagnosed with KOA were grouped based on their HbA1c concentration (HbA1c ≥6.5 and HbA1c <6.5). We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to compare the expression of TLRs (TLR2, TLR4) and MMPs (MMP2, MMP3, MMP9 and MMP13) in patients’ SYN between the two groups. MMP13 regulation by the TLR4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in SYN cells was examined in culture by stimulating SYN cells with LPS or vehicle (culture medium) for 24 h. Results The expression of TLR4 and MMP13 in the HbA1c ≥6.5 group was significantly elevated compared to that in the HbA1c <6.5 group. In contrast, TLR2, MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 expression levels were similar between the groups. MMP13 mRNA and MMP13 protein levels in SYN cells were significantly higher following stimulation with LPS compared to vehicle. Conclusions TLR4 and MMP13 expression were elevated in the synovium of osteoarthritis patients with high HbA1c concentrations. Our results may provide insight into the pathology of OA patients with DM.
Treatment of Diabetes Type II Using Genetic Algorithm

Chronic diseases is an important research field because of the growth of the number of affected people around the world. When someone has diabetes, the body either does not make enough insulin or cannot use its own insulin as well as it should. This causes sugar to build up in blood leading to complications like heart disease, stroke, and neuropathy. Poor circulation leading to loss of limbs, blindness, kidney failure, nerve damage, and death. Diagnosis plays vital role in diabetes treatment otherwise it leads to long term complications in terms of costs of the treatment of the patients and leads to many risks over the patient himself as mentioned above. In this research we propose new methodology to extract the best testing sequence evaluation mechanism for helping doctors to evaluate their patient’s cases and make the best decisions about the medicine being given. We managed to create chromosomes population each of which consists of binary decision tree, as this implementation considered being the best scenario of our problem. The system proves its efficiency by applying it on 50 patients and the results shows accuracy percentage of 95.4%.
Translocator protein in late stage Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies brains

Increased translocator protein (TSPO), previously known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), in glial cells of the brain has been used as a neuroinflammation marker in the early and middle stages of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). In this study, we investigated the changes in TSPO density with respect to late stage AD and DLB.
Positive experience, psychological functioning, and hope for the future as factors associated with mental health among young Sub-Saharan internally displaced people (IDP): A quantitative pilot study

Abstract Following a socio-ecological approach focused on multidimensional aspects of psychological functioning, this pilot study investigated the relationship between subjective well-being across different domains (e.g., positive experience, social relations, human insecurity, negative experience, self-competence, hope for the future) and psychological distress, in a sample (n = 225) of internally displaced (internally displaced people, IDPs) adolescents hosted in refugee camps in Niger. The Subjective Well-Being Assessment Scale and General Health Questionnaire-12 were administered to the sample by trained interviewers. Participants displayed a low level of psychological distress despite the multiple traumatic experiences they had faced and ongoing stressful conditions at the host camps. Positive experience was found to act as an effective protection factor, enhancing psychological functioning, and mitigating psychological distress. A preserved sense of self-competence and hope for the future were confirmed to play a key role in protecting adolescents from the effects of psychological distress. Youths seem to maintain positive psychological functioning when subjective well-being and other personal and relational resources are active as protection factors.
Retratos de género nas notícias televisivas: uma análise das desigualdades por detrás da representação numérica

This research is based on a reflection on the various studies that have highlighted gender asymmetries in media representations and the "symbolic annihilation"of women’s roles in the public sphere. Considering that the ideal of a participatory democracy assumes, among other things, the balanced inclusion of female and masculine voices, and taking into account the importance and credibility of news media as a public debate arena, we have chosen to focus our analysis in the television news programs of three main broadcasters – RTP1, SIC and TVI. For this purpose, we have developed a coding grid which was applied to a set of 1764 television news during a period of one year. The methodology used was designed to analyze gender social representations with regard to social roles and power relationships in the public sphere. In the analysis of the results obtained we have verified that the current portrayal of women and men in television news has been contributing to the reproduction and maintenance of gender stereotypes that tend to associate the men to work, productivity and power; and women to private life social roles, placing them mostly on the margins of the public sphere.
Cancer stem cell induction from mouse embryonic stem cells

Although cancers are often removed by surgery and treated by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapies, they often reoccur following treatment due to the presence of resistant residual cells such as cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are characterized by their self-renewal, pluripotency, and tumorigenicity properties, and are promising therapeutic targets for the complete therapy of cancers; however, the number of CSCs in cancer tissue is typically too small to investigate fully. We have previously reported that CSCs could be established from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using a conditioned medium during cancer cell culture. In the present study, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were observed to be converted to CSCs (mES-CSCs). This demonstrated that CSC induction does not exclusively occur following gene editing in somatic cells, and that conditioned medium from cancer cells may contain factors that can induce CSCs. Therefore, not only iPSCs but also mESCs, were demonstrated to be able to produce CSCs as one of the potentials of pluripotency of stem cells, suggesting that the conversion to CSCs is not specific to iPSCs. The resultant mES-CSCs would be also useful to generate tissue specific cancers and these naturally occurring cancers can contribute to drug screenings, but also undergo further investigation in order to reveal cancer mechanisms.
Bleeding Risk in Patients Using Oral Anticoagulants Undergoing Surgical Procedures in Dentistry: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The management of patients who undergo dental surgical procedures and receive oral anticoagulant therapy requires particular attention due to the risk of bleeding that may occur during the procedure. Bleeding rates in these trans- or post-operative patients tend to be unpredictable. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review in order to assess the risk of bleeding during and after performing oral surgery in patients administered oral anticoagulants compared with a group that discontinued anticoagulant therapy. For the purposes of this review, we searched the databases of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid), and the Virtual Health Library (VHL) from inception of the database to December 2018. The primary outcome was defined as the occurrence of local bleeding during and after oral surgical procedures. Four reviewers, independently and in pairs, screened titles and abstracts for full-text eligibility. Data regarding participant characteristics, interventions, and design and outcomes of the included studies were extracted. The data were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses and described as risk ratios (RRs) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The confidence for the pooled estimates was ascertained through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, and the protocol of this review was recorded in PROSPERO (CRD42017056986). A total of 58 eligible studies were identified, of which three randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis, covering a total of 323 adult participants, among whom 167 were taking anticoagulants at the time they underwent dental surgery. Of these patients, 14.2% had reported bleeding. The risk of bleeding was found to be one to almost three times greater in patients taking warfarin compared with patients who discontinued the use of anticoagulant during the trans-operative period (RR = 1.67, 95% CI = 0.97 to 2.89) and in the post-operative period (RR = 1.44, 95% CI = 0.71 to 2.92), although the quality of evidence was very low. The results indicate that there is no evidence that the use of anticoagulants eliminates the risk of bleeding during surgical dental procedures.
Evaluation of efficacy of Triamcinolone Acetate Intra Articular Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case Control Study

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Princes Esra Hospital, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana State 2 Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Government, Medical College, Nizamabad, Telangana State *Corresponding Author Dr Venkat Lakavath Abstract Knee osteoarthritis constitutes a public health concern of immense dimensions, and places a burden on society similar to few other conditions. Corticosteroids are used for treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate efficacy of intra-articular triamcinolone injections for osteoarthritis of the knee. This is a double blind, prospective, randomized, and controlled study conducted at Deccan college of medical sciences, Hyderabad after obtaining permission from the hospital ethics committee. This study includes 60 patients of both sexes aging from 50-70 years. These patients were divided in two groups randomly by the closedenvelope technique. Diagnosis was done using Kellgren and Lawrence scale for osteoarthritis. The efficacy of pain relief in the 2 groups were compared using Visual analog score (VAS), Oxford knee Score and McGill Quality of life score followed upto 6 months. The study group was given 40mg of 1ml triamcinolone acetate and compared with control normal saline. The base line parameter VAS scores (6.03±1.36 &6.43±1.02) Oxford knee Score (44.46±4.02 & 45.23±5.23) and QOL scores (86.03±4.36 and 85.36±5.32) were comparable. The use of triamcinolone decreased the pain and pain relief was satisfactory to patients and it also improved the Quality of life score up to 6 months.
MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS DOES NOT INFLUENCE FOOD INTAKE IN FRAIL LONG-TERM CARE RESIDENTS

Background: Frailty is common in long-term care (LTC) and leads to decreased survival. Certain diagnoses (asthma, heart failure (HF)), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), depressive symptoms and chronic renal failure) are associated with frailty. Objective: This study investigated food and fluid intake of residents with certain diagnoses and if the conditions were independently associated with food intake. Design & participants: Cross-sectional study with 633 participants’ where three days of weighed food and fluid intake were observed. T-tests and multiple linear regression were used to analyze associations between energy, protein, fluid and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) and diagnoses and their multi-morbidity. Covariates included age, BMI, sex, cognition, eating challenges, therapeutic diets, total medications, modified diet texture, malnutrition, oral health status affecting food intake and dysphagia risk. Results: Diet quality was moderate (MAR = 0.780.80) and mean daily energy, protein and fluid were 1554 (±295) kcal, 57.4 (±13.0) grams, and 1102 (±383) ml respectively. Diagnoses were not associated with energy, protein or fluid intake or MAR after adjusting for covariates. However, significantly higher fluid intake was seen in residents with HF (p=0.014) and multiple selected diagnoses (p =0.011) as compared to those without. Conclusion: Diagnoses were found to be irrelevant for explaining food and fluid intake of LTC residents. Other covariates, potential symptoms of the condition (e.g., dysphagia), were associated with intake, suggesting that the stage of frailty may be more relevant than the diagnoses leading to frailty with respect to food intake.
Early changes in tests of peripheral nerve function during oxaliplatin treatment and their correlation with chemotherapy‐induced polyneuropathy symptoms and signs

Assessment of the severity of chronic peripheral neuropathy during oxaliplatin treatment is based on symptoms. Efforts to adjust the total dose of oxaliplatin to prevent severe neuropathy can be complicated by the worsening of neuropathy symptoms following treatment. Objective measures of the structure and function of peripheral nerves during early phases of treatment may aid in determining the optimal oxaliplatin dose in individual patients. Intraepidermal nerve fibre density (IENFD) has been suggested as an early marker of peripheral neuropathy.
Comparison of plasma lipids changes after middle-distance running in euglycemic and diabetic subjects

Background: Although regular performance of aerobic physical exercise is pivotal for preserving or improving health and fitness, scarce information is available on plasma lipids changes after middle-distance running in euglycemic and diabetic subjects. Methods: Eleven male euglycemic amateur runners (mean age 41±6 years) and 9 male diabetic amateur runners (4 with type 1 and 5 with type 2 diabetes; mean age 55±14 years) participated to a 21.1-km running trial. All subjects belonged to an amateur running team, regularly engaged in amateur running. Blood was collected before the start of the trial and immediately after. The lipid profile, encompassing measurement of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), was assayed with Roche Cobas 6000. Results: All athletes successfully completed the 21.1-km running trial, with running pace comprised between 9.6–12.8 km/h. In both categories of subjects the values of LDL-C significantly decreased by approximately 6% after the run, whilst HDL-C and triglycerides significantly increased by 6–9% and 30–36%, respectively. The post-run variations of all lipoprotein fractions after the running trial were virtually identical in diabetic and euglycemic subjects. Conclusions: The results of this study show for the first time that middle-distance running elicits acute favorable changes of lipid profile both in euglycemic and diabetic subjects. This form of endurance exercise shall hence be further fostered for purposes of public health promotion and improvement.
Development of a Mobility Diet Score (MDS) and Associations With Bone Mineral Density and Muscle Function in Older Adults

Introduction: Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle function is associated with increased risk of multiple health related issues. Diet may play a role in sustaining BMD and muscle function throughout old age, but much is still to be learned with regards to which specific food groups and dietary patterns that are important for such outcomes. The aim of the current study was to identify food groups important for both BMD and muscle function. Methods: A narrative review was performed on studies published on dietary patterns and their association with BMD and muscle function, respectively. Based on these findings, two dietary indices were constructed characterizing food groups associated with BMD and muscle function, respectively. Associations between adherence to these indices and BMD and muscle function were then investigated in a population of older community-dwelling Danes. Food groups found to be associated with both BMD and muscle function in our study population were suggested for inclusion into a common dietary index named the Mobility Diet Score. Results: In contrast to previous studies, adherence to a dietary index based on foods previously linked to BMD could not be established as important for BMD in our study population of 184 older individuals (53.3% men). We found that adhering to a dietary index characterized by higher intakes of whole grains, dairy products, fish, legumes, nuts, fruit, and vegetables is associated with faster 400 m walking speeds and an increased number of chair stands measured over a 30 s time period. Since no food group could be established as important for both BMD and muscle function in our study population, a Mobility Diet Score could not be established. However, based on our narrative review, the food groups commonly associated with improved BMD and muscle function are similar. Conclusion: Adherence to a dietary index characterized by high intakes of whole grains, dairy products, fish, legumes, nuts, fruit, and vegetables was not found to be associated with BMD in a group of community-dwelling older Danes. However, our results indicate that the adherence to such foods could be important in sustaining physical function in older individuals.
Clinical practice guidelines: Machine learning and natural language processing for automating the rapid identification and annotation of new evidence.

77 Background: In February 2018, ASCO published a guideline on how clinicians should manage immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis). Recommendations were based on informal consensus due to a lack of "high-quality" evidence. Our objective was to determine whether DOC Search, a cloud-based AI search engine, could be used to rapidly determine if any new evidence matches the inclusion criteria of the guideline. Methods: PubMed, ASCO abstracts, and 85 RSS feeds were queried within DOC Search to identify publications since the guideline search was last conducted. DOC Search automatically includes comprehensive synonym lists for the search terms entered, and annotates co-occurring characteristics, interventions and outcomes. Results: Between 11/1/2017 and 10/31/2018, 1178 published references were identified (85.7% from PubMed, 13.8% from ASCO, and 0.5% from official RSS feeds). Title/abstract screening of a sample of the most recent articles indicated that 44% were relevant, and of these, 8% specifically reported research on the management of irAEs. Through automated term indexing of search results, some of the most frequently reported terms were melanoma, corticosteroids, and colitis (Table). Conclusions: DOC Search employs robust ontology mapping—including UMLS, ASCO’s proprietary toxonomy, and more—which obviated the need for complex search strings. The machine learning and natural language processing technology provided real-time analysis and automated term indexing of search results, improving our understanding of the rapidly changing evidence landscape. This analysis met the objective to use DOC Search for rapid identification and review of new published evidence for an existing guideline. [Table: see text]
wsrf: An R Package for Classification with Scalable Weighted Subspace Random Forests

We describe a parallel implementation in R of the weighted subspace random forest algorithm (Xu, Huang, Williams, Wang, and Ye 2012) available as the wsrf package. A novel variable weighting method is used for variable subspace selection in place of the traditional approach of random variable sampling. This new approach is particularly useful in building models for high dimensional data - often consisting of thousands of variables. Parallel computation is used to take advantage of multi-core machines and clusters of machines to build random forest models from high dimensional data in considerably shorter times. A series of experiments presented in this paper demonstrates that wsrf is faster than existing packages whilst retaining and often improving on the classification performance, particularly for high dimensional data.
A Study on Vehicle Target Classification Method Using Both Shape and Local Features with Segmentation Reliability

To classify the vehicle targets automatically using thermal images, there are usually two main categories of feature extraction method, local and shape feature extraction methods. Since thermal images have less texture information than color images, the shape feature extraction method is useful when the segmentation results are correct. However, if there are some errors in target segmentation, the shape feature may contain some errors, then the classification accuracy can be decreased. To overcome these problems, in this paper, we propose the segmentation reliability estimation method for target classification. The segmentation reliability can be estimated by using the difference information of average intensities and edge energies between the target and the background area. The estimated segmentation reliability is applied in the decision level fusion method of classification results using both shape and local features. Experiment results using the thermal images of the vehicle targets (main battle tank, armored personnel carrier, military truck, and an estate car) show that the proposed classification method and the segmentation reliability estimation method have a good performance in classification accuracy.