Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Frontier: Active Learning, Model Accuracy, and Multi-objective Materials Discovery and Optimization

Discovering novel materials can be greatly accelerated by iterative machine learning-informed proposal of candidates---active learning. However, standard \emph{global-scope error} metrics for model quality are not predictive of discovery performance, and can be misleading. We introduce the notion of \emph{Pareto shell-scope error} to help judge the suitability of a model for proposing material candidates. Further, through synthetic cases and a thermoelectric dataset, we probe the relation between acquisition function fidelity and active learning performance. Results suggest novel diagnostic tools, as well as new insights for acquisition function design.
Improved Design of Ultra Low Power True Single Phase Clock CMOS 2/3 prescaler with 6 GHz, 199 µW

: An improved and power efficient layout is proposed for Conventional TSPC prescaler and Design-I ofbase paper and compared with the existing TSPC and E-TSPC prescalers on the basis of operating frequency and power consumption. The proposed layout of Conventional TSPC prescaler can operate up to 5.1 GHz with 264 µW power consumption at 1.8 V supply voltage for both divide by 2 and divide by 3 mode, which is three times power efficient with 20% improved frequency response. The lowest power consumption is achievedin improved layout of Design-I ofbase paper based architecture which can operate up to 6GHz and consumes 290 µW power for divide by 2 mode and 199 µW for divide by 3 mode at 1.8V supply voltage, which is two and half times power efficient with 10% better frequency response.
FTA Effects on Agricultural Trade with Matching Approaches

Abstract While the trade effect of free trade agreements (FTAs) is a global issue, little research has examined the economic effects of trade liberalization on agricultural products with robust empirical methods. In this study, propensity score matching for controlling selection bias is used to examine and analyze the effect of FTAs on the trade of South Korea’s agricultural products. To enhance the robustness of the estimated results, differences between the FTA treatment effects in 2010 and 2012 are analyzed. The results reveal that the effect of FTAs on agricultural trade varies slightly, depending on the matching approach used; however, the signs of all estimated average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) values are positive. Analysis of the difference between selection bias controlled through matching and uncontrolled selection bias shows that the value of the average treatment effect (ATE) with uncontrolled bias is greater than the ATT estimate calculated through matching. This implies that controlled versus uncontrolled selection bias can result in different ATE and ATT estimates, and that previous studies on FTA trade effects have overestimated the effect, because selection bias was not fully addressed.
The tax system and housing demand in New Zealand

This paper characterises the relationship between wealth and consumption in New Zealand. We find that there exists a long-run cointegration relation between household consumption, income, housing wealth and net financial wealth. Permanent shocks account for most of the variation in wealth. This implies that our cointegration estimates accurately capture the effect of most wealth changes, in contrast with the findings of Lettau and Ludvigson (2004) for the United States. Our estimates suggest that consumption has adjusted sluggishly to restore longrun equilibrium, but also that consumption booms have anticipated equilibrium-restoring increases in housing wealth. Furthermore, we estimate two alternative econometric models which are more robust to instability in the long-run relationship. All three of our models suggest that permanent changes in wealth have economically important effects on consumption. The dollar-for dollar-effect of financial wealth exceeds that of housing wealth.
Graph and Network Theory

This Chapter introduces the basic concepts of graphs and networks and their applications in physics. It explains the connections of graph theory with condensed matter and statistical physics by studying the tight-binding, Hubbard and Potts models. The use of graphs for solving problems in quantum field theory is illustrated by studying the Feynman graphs. Other physical scenarios in which graph theory is presented here are the study of electrical networks and vibrational systems. The Chapter also introduces the concepts of random graphs and complex networks. In the last topic, the most relevant structural concepts for complex networks are studied and a few dynamical processes such as consensus, synchronization and epidemics spreading, are discussed. Keywords: Graphs; networks; tight-binding model; Potts model; Hubbard model; Feynman graphs; electrical networks; vibrations; complex networks; random graphs; consensus dynamics; synchronization; epidemics on networks
Priming and the Effects of Sentence and Lexical Contexts on Naming Time: Evidence for Autonomous Lexical Processing*

Models of language processing which stress the autonomy of processing at each level predict that the semantic properties of an incomplete sentence context should have no influence on lexical processing, either facilitatory or inhibitory. An experiment similar to those reported by Fischler and Bloom (1979) and Stanovich and West (1979, 1981) was conducted using naming time as an index of lexical access time. No facilitatory effects of context were observed for either highly predictable or semantically appropriate (but unpredictable) completions, whereas strong inhibitory effects were obtained for inappropriate completions. When lexical decision time was the dependent measure, the same results were obtained, except that predictable completions now produced strong facilitation. In a further experiment the inhibitory effects of context on lexical decision times for inappropriate targets were maintained, even though unfocussed contexts were used, in which no clear expectancy for a particular completion was involved. These results were interpreted in terms of a two-factor theory which attributes the facilitation observed with the lexical decision task to postaccess decision processes which are not involved in the naming task. The inhibitory effects were attributed to interference resulting from semantic integration. In contrast to the results for sentence contexts, lexical contexts of the doctor-nurse variety produced clear facilitation effects on naming time (but no inhibitory effects). It was also shown that relatively minor variations in the type of neutral context could completely alter the relative importance of facilitation and inhibition.
Epidemiologic Study of Ramularia areola under Different Soil Covers and Spacings, for Cotton Crops

The objective of this work was to evaluate the progress of the areolate mildew of cotton under different soil cover and spacing conditions. The experiment was carried out using randomized blocks and a 2 × 3 factorial design, with two spacings (0.45 m and 0.90 m) and three soil covers (no cover, Pennisetum glaucum and Crotalaria spectabilis) with four replications. The plants were inoculated with R. areola, sixty DAS. A total of 14 evaluations of disease severity were performed. At the lower, middle and upper thirds of plants, a diagram scale with nine levels of severity was used and the resulting data were converted into the AUDPC. Gompertz, logistic, and monomolecular mathematical models were tested in the disease severity curves for each third. Agronomics characteristics were evaluated as well. Significant differences of AUDPC were found for the cotton plants thirds, and the middle third was the highest AUDPC. Significant difference for the lower and upper thirds, whose AUDPC were highest on 0.90 m spacing, was observed too. The disease progress curves of the thirds did not fit the tested models. Significant results to the both covers situations, where the treatments grown on crotalaria cover and without cover had highest AUDPC, were evidenced. The treatments with C. spectabilis cover were taller than other treatments. Significant data were observed for the cover crops used and in the treatments grown at 0.90 m spacing, to residual cover and crop yield, respectively.
International Journal of Instruction

Orphans are considered a minority and they should be given a greater emphasis so that they do not feel left out and can build their own lives without a sense of humility. This does not mean that the orphans should be pampered instead they should be given the confidence and motivation to strive for success in later life. Humility among orphans can be associated with interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences. This study aims to evaluate the impact of problem-solving activity treatment based on the interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences. 46 students from two orphanages were involved as the treatment group. The research design used was a one-group pretest-posttest design applied through a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. Enrichment activities that provided interpersonal and intrapersonal skills as evidenced in this study should be carried out regularly at orphanages. Our study has proven that orphans’ rights to learn cannot be neglected and ‘no child left behind ‘policy needs to be carried through by everybody involved with orphans’ well-being. Teachers and carers need to be trained to use these enrichment activities at their orphanages to help maximize the orphans’ potentials.
Effect of Second-Line Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients with Non-Small CellLung Cancer

Background: The effect of second-line chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received first-line chemotherapy at the age of ≥ 75 years is unclear. Methods: Sixty-five elderly patients with NSCLC who received first-line chemotherapy at the age of ≥ 75 years and treated with second-line chemotherapy at Shizuoka Cancer Center between January 2005 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The overall response rate of the second-line chemotherapy was 9.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4-19]. The median progression-free survival at the second-line chemotherapy was 2.2 months. The median overall survival at the second-line chemotherapy was 7.5 months. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors showed that an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance-status score (PS 0–1/PS 2; HR, 0.396; 95% CI, 0.192–0.899; p=0.03) and histology (squamous/non-squamous; HR, 0.465; 95% CI, 0.228–0.884; p=0.02) were significantly independent prognostic factors. On the other hand, the number of treatment-related deaths was 2 (3.1%) due to pneumonitis. Moreover, the proportion of patients who received third-line chemotherapy was only 35.9%. Conclusion: Our study suggests that elderly patients have difficulty moving on to the next line of chemotherapy; however, selected elderly patients well tolerated the adverse effects of second-line chemotherapy, and second-line chemotherapy might be effective for elderly patients with NSCLC who received first-line chemotherapy at the age of ≥ 75 years. Therefore, prospective study should be planned in order to demonstrate the efficacy of second-line chemotherapy for elderly patients with NSCLC.
First tests of a novel radiation hard CMOS sensor process for Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors

The upgrade of the ATLAS [1] tracking detector for the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN requires novel radiation hard silicon sensor technologies. Significant effort has been put into the development of monolithic CMOS sensors but it has been a challenge to combine a low capacitance of the sensing node with full depletion of the sensitive layer. Low capacitance brings low analog power. Depletion of the sensitive layer causes the signal charge to be collected by drift sufficiently fast to separate hits from consecutive bunch crossings (25 ns at the LHC) and to avoid losing the charge by trapping. This paper focuses on the characterization of charge collection properties and detection efficiency of prototype sensors originally designed in the framework of the ALICE Inner Tracking System (ITS) upgrade [2]. The prototypes are fabricated both in the standard TowerJazz 180nm CMOS imager process [3] and in an innovative modification of this process developed in collaboration with the foundry, aimed to fully deplete the sensitive epitaxial layer and enhance the tolerance to non-ionizing energy loss. Sensors fabricated in standard and modified process variants were characterized using radioactive sources, focused X-ray beam and test beams before and after irradiation. Contrary to sensors manufactured in the standard process, sensors from the modified process remain fully functional even after a dose of 1015neq/cm2, which is the the expected NIEL radiation fluence for the outer pixel layers in the future ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) [4].
Chapter 7 Aromatic and Medicinal Plants in Mexico

Medicinal and aromatic plants in Mexico have been studied and explored through history. Day by day there is an increase in ethnobotanical, taxonomic, or phytochemical studies, providing an encouraging picture of research in Mexico and to support its use in traditional medicine. Chemical and biological exploration permit to provide solutions to the treatment of diseases. With this background, the objective of this chapter is to show the potential of endemic medicinal and aromatic plants in Mexico.
Different ways of looking at events : Foreign language learning and the acquisition of L 2 action construal patterns

Given the growing body of evidence on the interaction between language and thought, the overall aim of the current study is to verify whether there is a developmental pattern in the cognitive behavior of Persian L2 learners of English as a foreign language with regard to action construal level. Specifically, this study investigates whether acquiring English as a foreign language would affect the construal level of Persian EFL learners with different levels of bilingualism. A group of 40 Persian monolinguals, a group of 40 low-level Persian EFL bilinguals (bilinguals with low L2 proficiency), and a group of 40 highlevel Persian EFL bilinguals (bilinguals with high L2 proficiency) were recruited. Participants were divided into the above groups based on their performance on Oxford Quick Placement Test (QPT). The participants’ action construal level was measured using Behavior Identification Form (BIF) (Vallacher and Wegner, 1989). The results of a one way ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test indicated that while low-level participants behaved relatively similar to Persian monolinguals, the construal of high-level learners was significantly different from monolinguals and low-level bilinguals. These findings provide evidence of a developmental pattern regarding the acquisition of construal level, supporting the claim of previous research that learning an additional language can affect the construal of language learners.
Dual baseline search for muon antineutrino disappearance at 0 . 1 eV 2 < ∆ m 2 < 100 eV

G. Cheng, a W. Huelsnitz, b A. A. Aguilar-Arevalo, J. L. Alcaraz-Aunion, S. J. Brice, B. C. Brown, 2 L. Bugel, J. Catala-Perez, E. D. Church, J. M. Conrad, R. Dharmapalan, Z. Djurcic, U. Dore, 3 D. A. Finley, R. Ford, A. J. Franke, F. G. Garcia, G. T. Garvey, C. Giganti, c J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, 4 J. Grange, P. Guzowski, d A. Hanson, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, e C. Ignarra, R. Imlay, R. A. 5 Johnson, B. J. P. Jones, G. Jover-Manas, G. Karagiorgi, 17 T. Katori, 17 Y. K. Kobayashi, 6 T. Kobilarcik, H. Kubo, Y. Kurimoto, f W. C. Louis, P. F. Loverre, L. Ludovici, K. B. M. Mahn, g 7 C. Mariani, h W. Marsh, S. Masuike, K. Matsuoka, V. T. McGary, W. Metcalf, G. B. Mills, 8 J. Mirabal, G. Mitsuka, i Y. Miyachi, j S. Mizugashira, C. D. Moore, J. Mousseau, Y. Nakajima, k 9 T. Nakaya, R. Napora, l P. Nienaber, D. Orme, B. Osmanov, M. Otani, Z. Pavlovic, D. Perevalov, 10 C. C. Polly, H. Ray, B. P. Roe, A. D. Russell, F. Sanchez, M. H. Shaevitz, T. -A. Shibata, 11 M. Sorel, J. Spitz, I. Stancu, R. J. Stefanski, H. Takei, m H. -K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, R. Tayloe, 12 I. J. Taylor, n R. J. Tesarek, Y. Uchida, R. G. Van de Water, J. J. Walding, o M. O. Wascko, 13 D. H. White, H. B. White, D. A. Wickremasinghe, M. Yokoyama, p G. P. Zeller, and E. D. Zimmerman 14
A Study on the Influence of Electromagnetic Radiation on Nervous System

Being applied widely, electromagnetic wave is closely related with our life. But this material has brought pollutions to the environment as well as influences on functions of organisms. In order to explore the influence of electromagnetic radiation on nervous system, this paper takes adult mice on 35th day as research objects, designs a water maze experiment and explores features of escaping latency of mice in the control group and in the group with radiation. In this research, methods of building a GHz TEM cell and a simulation model of mouse head with AutoCAD 2010 and XFDTD are provided, verifying that the simulation model meets the needs of the experiment. It concludes that the electromagnetic radiation causes memory deterioration of mice, and exerts its certain influence on nervous system.
Global evaluation of ammonia bidirectional exchange and livestock diurnal variation schemes

Abstract. Bidirectional air–surface exchange of ammonia (NH3) has been neglected in many air quality models. In this study, we implement the bidirectional exchange of NH3 in the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model. We also introduce an updated diurnal variability scheme for NH3 livestock emissions and evaluate the recently developed MASAGE_NH3 bottom-up inventory. While updated diurnal variability improves comparison of modeled-to-hourly in situ measurements in the southeastern USA, NH3 concentrations decrease throughout the globe, up to 17 ppb in India and southeastern China, with corresponding decreases in aerosol nitrate by up to 7 μg m−3. The ammonium (NH4+) soil pool in the bidirectional exchange model largely extends the NH3 lifetime in the atmosphere. Including bidirectional exchange generally increases NH3 gross emissions (7.1 %) and surface concentrations (up to 3.9 ppb) throughout the globe in July, except in India and southeastern China. In April and October, it decreases NH3 gross emissions in the Northern Hemisphere (e.g., 43.6 % in April in China) and increases NH3 gross emissions in the Southern Hemisphere. Bidirectional exchange does not largely impact NH4+ wet deposition overall. While bidirectional exchange is fundamentally a better representation of NH3 emissions from fertilizers, emissions from primary sources are still underestimated and thus significant model biases remain when compared to in situ measurements in the USA. The adjoint of bidirectional exchange has also been developed for the GEOS-Chem model and is used to investigate the sensitivity of NH3 concentrations with respect to soil pH and fertilizer application rate. This study thus lays the groundwork for future inverse modeling studies to more directly constrain these physical processes rather than tuning bulk unidirectional NH3 emissions.
The Vela X pulsar wind nebula through the eyes of H.E.S.S. and Suzaku

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are among the most extreme particle accelerators in galaxies, are recognized as multi-TeV electron/positron sources, and are one of the dominant classes of Galactic gamma-ray sources. Vela X is a nearby PWN at 290 pc from the Earth with large apparent size ($>1^\circ$). The H.E. S.S. array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes has detected Vela X as one of the brightest known sources of TeV gamma rays. The bulk of the gamma-ray emission measured using H.E. S.S. coincides with an elongated structure known from X-ray observations and dubbed the cocoon, that seemingly emanates from the region of the pulsar wind termination shock. The spectral energy distribution of the cocoon peaks at around 10 TeV, and then presents a cutoff that can be precisely measured with H.E. S.S. owing to the extreme brightness of the source. Electrons radiating inverse-Compton gamma rays in the cutoff region are the same responsible for the X-ray synchrotron emission at energies $> 1$ keV. Therefore, Vela X provides a unique test case, in which we can constrain the densities and spectra of accelerated leptons in the cutoff regime, as well as the magnetic field properties, with minimal modeling assumptions. Thanks to the proximity/large apparent size of the source, this can be done in a spatially-resolved fashion across the PWN. We will present an analysis of H.E. S.S. data combined with X-ray data from the Suzaku space telescope. We will discuss implications for the mechanisms behind particle acceleration and transport, constrain the strength of the magnetic field in different locations in the nebula, and probe for magnetic field turbulence.
Hierachy-based methodology for producing educational contents with maximal reutilization

Computer based training or distance education are facing dramatic changes with the advent of standardization efforts, some of them concentrating in maximal reuse. This is of paramount importance for a sustainable -cost affordable- production of educational materials. Reuse in itself should not be a goal, though, since many methodological aspects might be lost. In this paper we propose two content production approaches for the InterMediActor platform under a competence-based methodology: either a bottom-up approach where content is designed from scratch or a top-down methodology where existing material can be gradually adapted to fulfil requisites to be used with maximal flexibility into InterMediActor.
Efficient Privacy Protection in Video Surveillance by StegoScrambling Natacha Ruchaud

This paper presents a near lossless reversible system which allows a user to protect privacy in video surveillance (or still images) by replacing sensitive RofIs (Regions of interest) by its edges using steganography while keeping visual quality needed for security almost in real time. Our proposed system outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by fulfilling four criteria which are near lossless Reversible, Fast Computation (integrated in real time), Usability (preserves shape and motion of people to still recognize events) and Privacy protection (no more possibility to recognize people). The effectiveness of the proposed filter has been demonstrated using some face recognition algorithms on different images.
Power and Ideology Revealed in The Awig-awig (Customary Law) Text of Tenganan Pegringsingan Village: Critical Ecolinguistic Study

Awig-awig ‘customary law’ is a written rule which is used to manage customary village organization in Bali. This customary law has a very important role in maintaining the environment in terms of natural environment (palemahan), social environment (pawongan), and spiritual environment (parhyangan). Therefore, every awig-awig made should be based on Tri Hita Karana (THK) concept. The THK is defined as ‘three causes of happiness and prosperity’. In this study, THK is considered as an ecosophy used to judge the existence of lexical items, grammatical contructs, and other linguistic features used in the awig-awig text. In critical discourse, the exisistence of any texts is considered to bring underlying power and ideology. Thus, the written text of the awig-awig belongs to Tenganan Pegringsingan village reveals the form of power fight and ideology. Therefore, this present study was aimed at finding the influence of the power domination and ideology revealed in the awig-awig text. By applying a critical discourse analysis, it was found the influence of the power domination depicted by the use of modality kawasa and wenang ‘may/can’. Most of the linguistic features used in the awig-awig text bring preservative ideologies that need to be promoted. However, in a small part of the linguistic features used in the text, especially in the social environment, implies destructive ideologies, such as marginalization and patriarchal that need to be resisted.