Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The survey of quality of life, perceived stress, and its relationship with marital satisfaction in married women working at health centers

INTRODUCTION: Employed women experience a wide range of stresses that will potentially impact on their quality of life, mental status, and marital satisfaction. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the above components in employed women. METHODS: The statistical population of this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was 124 married employed women of Khorramabad Health Center. The WHO Standard Questionnaire (SF-36), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (COHEN questionnaire), Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (ENRICH questionnaire 47), and Demographic Information Questionnaire were used to collect data. Information was analyzed by SPSS software. RESULTS: Most of the participants in the research had a good (45/2%) and very good (34/7%) quality of life. Most of them reported high (57/1%) and very high (15/3%) levels of marital satisfaction. Furthermore, the majority of women participating in the study had a low level (64/5%) of perceived stress. There was a significant inverse correlation between perceived stress and marital satisfaction (r = −0/446, P < 0.001) and quality of life (r = −0/612, P < 0.05). There was a direct correlation between marital satisfaction and quality of life (r = −0/449, P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that the importance of quality of life and perceived stress scores, respectively, were significant predictors of marital satisfaction score. There was no statistically significant correlation between the total score of quality of life and marital satisfaction with demographic variables; only a weak relationship was found between perceived stress and family monthly income (r = −0/184, P = 0/04). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate that quality of life and perceived stress can be significant predictors of marital satisfaction in married employed women.
Generalized host‐plant feeding can hide sterol‐specialized foraging behaviors in bee–plant interactions

Abstract Host‐plant selection is a key factor driving the ecology and evolution of insects. While the majority of phytophagous insects is highly host specific, generalist behavior is quite widespread among bees and presumably involves physiological adaptations that remain largely unexplored. However, floral visitation patterns suggest that generalist bees do not forage randomly on all available resources. While resource availability and accessibility as well as nectar composition have been widely explored, pollen chemistry could also have an impact on the range of suitable host‐plants. This study focuses on particular pollen nutrients that cannot be synthesized de novo by insects but are key compounds of cell membranes and the precursor for molting process: the sterols. We compared the sterol composition of pollen from the main host‐plants of three generalist bees: Anthophora plumipes, Colletes cunicularius, and Osmia cornuta, as well as one specialist bee Andrena vaga. We also analyzed the sterols of their brood cell provisions, the tissues of larvae and nonemerged females to determine which sterols are used by the different species. Our results show that sterols are not used accordingly to foraging strategy: Both the specialist species A. vaga and the generalist species C. cunicularius might metabolize a rare C27 sterol, while the two generalist species A. plumipes and O. cornuta might rather use a very common C28 sterol. Our results suggest that shared sterolic compounds among plant species could facilitate the exploitation of multiple host‐plants by A. plumipes and O. cornuta whereas the generalist C. cunicularius might be more constrained due to its physiological requirements of a more uncommon dietary sterol. Our findings suggest that a bee displaying a generalist foraging behavior may sometimes hide a sterol‐specialized species. This evidence challenges the hypothesis that all generalist free‐living bee species are all able to develop on a wide range of different pollen types.
Nanomedicine‐Enabled Photonic Thermogaseous Cancer Therapy

Local photothermal hyperthermia for tumor ablation and specific stimuliresponsive gas therapy feature the merits of remote operation, noninvasive intervention, and in situ tumor‐specific activation in cancer‐therapeutic biomedicine. Inspired by synergistic/sequential therapeutic modality, herein a novel therapeutic modality is reported based on the construction of two‐dimensional (2D) core/shell‐structured Nb2C–MSNs–SNO composite nanosheets for photonic thermogaseous therapy. A phototriggered thermogas‐generating nanoreactor is designed via mesoporous silica layer coating on the surface of Nb2C MXene nanosheets, where the mesopores provide the reservoirs for NO donor (S‐nitrosothiol (RSNO)), and the core of Nb2C produces heat shock upon second near‐infrared biowindow (NIR‐II) laser irradiation. The Nb2C–MSNs–SNO‐enabled photonic thermogaseous therapy undergoes a sequential process of phototriggered heat production from the core of Nb2C and thermotriggered NO generation, together with photoacoustic‐imaging (PAI) guidance and monitoring. The constructed Nb2C–MSNs–SNO nanoreactors exhibit high‐NIR‐induced photothermal effect, intense NIR‐controlled NO release, and desirable PAI performance. Based on these unique theranostic properties of Nb2C–MSNs–SNO nanocomposites, sequential photonic thermogaseous therapy with limited systematic toxicity on efficiently suppressing tumor growth is achieved by PAI‐guided NIR‐controlled NO release as well as heat generation. Such a thermogaseous approach representes a stimuli‐selective strategy for synergistic/sequential cancer treatment.
Novel functional anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies with potent anti-cancer effects on various human epithelial cancers

Resistance of progressive cancers against chemotherapy is a serious clinical problem. In this context, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) can play important roles in drug resistance to HER1- and HER2- targeted therapies. Since clinical testing of anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) such as patritumab could not show remarkable effect compared with existing drugs, we generated novel mAbs against anti-HER3. Novel rat mAbs reacted with HEK293 cells expressing HER3, but not with cells expressing HER1, HER2 or HER4. Specificity of mAbs was substantiated by the loss of mAb binding with knockdown by siRNA and knockout of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing. Analyses of CDR sequence and germline segment have revealed that seven mAbs are classified to four groups, and the binding of patritumab was inhibited by one of seven mAbs. Seven mAbs have shown reactivity with various human epithelial cancer cells, strong internalization activity of cell-surface HER3, and inhibition of NRG1 binding, NRG1-dependent HER3 phosphorylation and cell growth. Anti-HER3 mAbs were also reactive with in vivo tumor tissues and cancer tissue-originated spheroid. Ab4 inhibited in vivo tumor growth of human colon cancer cells in nude mice. Present mAbs may be superior to existing anti-HER3 mAbs and support existing anti-cancer therapeutic mAbs.
Females have more complex patterns of childhood adversity: implications for mental, social, and emotional outcomes in adulthood

ABSTRACT Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been identified as an important public health problem with serious implications. Less well understood is how distinct configurations of childhood adversities carry differential risks for mental health, emotional, and social outcomes later in life. Objective: To determine if distinct profiles of childhood adversities exist for males and females and to examine if unique associations exist between the resultant latent profiles of childhood adversities and multiple indicators of mental health and social and emotional wellbeing in adulthood. Method: Participants (N = 1,839) were a nationally representative household sample of adults currently residing in the USA and the data were collected via online self-report questionnaires. Latent class analysis was used to identify the optimal number of classes to explain ACE co-occurrence among males and females, separately. ANOVAs, chi-square tests, and t-tests were used to compare male and female classes across multiple mental health, emotional, and social wellbeing variables in adulthood. Results: Females were significantly more likely than males to report a range of ACEs and mental health, social, and emotional difficulties in adulthood. Two- and four-class models were identified as the best fit for males and females, respectively, indicating more complexity and variation in ACE exposures among females. For males and female, ACEs were strongly associated with poorer mental health, emotional, and social outcomes in adulthood. Among females, growing up in a dysfunctional home environment was a significant risk factor for adverse social outcomes in adulthood. Conclusions: Males and females have distinct patterns of childhood adversities, with females experiencing more complex and varied patterns of childhood adversity. These patterns of ACEs were associated with numerous negative mental, emotional, and social outcomes among both sexes.
Heterocyclic aromatic amines in doner kebab: Quantitation using an efficient microextraction technique coupled with reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography

Abstract The safety of doner kebab as a traditional Middle East tasty food can threaten via the formation of dangerous compounds such as heterocyclic aromatic amines during heat process. In this regard, the current investigation was devoted to measuring of 4 HAAs (2‐amino‐3,4‐dimethylimidazo[4,5‐f]quinoline (MeIQ), 2‐amino‐3,8‐dimethylimidazo[4,5‐f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (PhIP), and 2‐amino‐3‐methylimidazo[4,5‐f]quinoline (IQ)) in doner kebab samples with an innovative microextraction technique combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography. The limit of detection was in the range of 4.8 and 5.3 ng/g, while relative standard deviations were between 6.5% and 8.3%, and recoveries were calculated in the range of 89%–97%. The most and the least total mean values of HAA levels were 13.30 ng/g for MeIQx and 5.0 ng/g for IQ. The proposed method showed a high capability to extract trace amount of HAAs from a complex matrix such as doner kebab. Also, this technique is easy, high sensitive, selective, accurate and efficient.
EMDR for children with medically related subthreshold PTSD: short-term effects on PTSD, blood-injection-injury phobia, depression and sleep

ABSTRACT Background: Paediatric illness, injury and medical procedures are potentially traumatic experiences with a range of possible negative psychosocial consequences. To prevent psychosocial impairment and improve medical adherence, evidence-based psychotherapy should be offered if indicated. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been found to reduce symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. The evidence for the use with children is promising. Furthermore, recent studies indicate its effectiveness for the treatment of other psychological symptomatology. However, the effectiveness of EMDR in children with subthreshold PTSD after medically related trauma has not yet been investigated. Objective: Investigating the short-term effectiveness of EMDR on posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression and sleep problems in children with subthreshold PTSD after hospitalization through a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Method: Following baseline screening of 420 children from various Dutch hospitals, 74 children (4–15 years old) with medically related subthreshold PTSD were randomized to EMDR (n = 37) or care-as-usual (CAU; n = 37). Follow-up assessment took place after M = 9.7 weeks. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) analyses were performed to examine the effectiveness of EMDR compared to CAU. Results: Children in both groups improved significantly over time on all outcomes. However, the EMDR group improved significantly more as to child-reported symptoms of blood-injection-injury (BII) phobia and depression, and child-, and parent-reported sleep problems of the child. There was no superior effect of EMDR compared to CAU on subthreshold PTSD symptom reduction. Conclusions: EMDR did not perform better than CAU in reducing PTSD symptoms in a paediatric sample of children with subthreshold PTSD after hospitalization. However, the study results indicate that EMDR might be superior in reducing symptoms of blood-injection-injury phobia, depression and sleep problems.
Neuronal-derived extracellular vesicles are enriched in the brain and serum of HIV-1 transgenic rats

ABSTRACT Despite the efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in controlling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) replication, cytotoxic viral proteins such as HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) persist in tissues such as the brain. Although HIV-1 does not infect neuronal cells, it is susceptible to viral Tat protein-mediated toxicity, leading to neuroinflammation that underlies HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Given the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in both cellular homoeostasis and under pathological conditions, we sought to investigate the alterations in the quantity of neuronal-derived EVs in the brain – as defined by the presence of cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM) and to evaluate the presence of L1CAM+ EVs in the peripheral circulation of HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1 Tg) rats. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term exposure of HIV-1 viral proteins on the release of neuronal EVs in the brain and their transfer in the systemic compartment. Brain and serum EVs were isolated from both wild type and HIV-1 Tg rats using differential ultracentrifugation with further purification using the Optiprep gradient method. The subpopulation of neuronal EVs was further enriched using immunoprecipitation. The current findings demonstrated increased presence of L1CAM+ neuronal-derived EVs both in the brain and serum of HIV-1 Tg rats.
Functional approach and agro‐climatic information to improve the estimation of olive oil fatty acid content from near‐infrared data

Abstract Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is very appreciated by its taste, flavor, and benefits for health, and so, it has a high price of commercialization. This fact makes it necessary to provide reliable and cost‐effective analytical procedures, such as near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, to analyze its traceability and purity, in combination with chemometrics. Fatty acids profile of EVOO, considered as a quality parameter, is estimated, firstly, from NIR data and, secondly, by adding agro‐climatic information. NIR and agro‐climatic data sets are summarized by using principal component analysis (PCA) and treated by both scalar and functional approaches. The corresponding PCA and FPCA are progressively introduced in regression models, whose goodness of fit is evaluated by the dimensionless root‐mean‐square error. In general, SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (and disaggregated fatty acids) estimations are improved by adding agro‐climatic besides NIR information (mainly, temperature or evapotranspiration) and considering a functional point of view for both NIR and agro‐climatic data.
Genet assignment and population structure analysis in a clonal forest-floor herb, Cardamine leucantha, using RAD-seq

Abstract To study the genetic structure of clonal plant populations, genotyping and genet detection using genetic markers are necessary to assign ramets to corresponding genets. Assignment is difficult as it involves setting a robust threshold of genetic distance for genet distinction as neighbouring genets in a plant population are often genetically related. Here, we used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) for a rhizomatous clonal herb, Cardamine leucantha [Brassicaceae] to accurately determine genet structure in a natural population. We determined a draft genome sequence of this species for the first time, which resulted in 66 617 scaffolds with N50 = 6086 bp and an estimated genome size of approximately 253 Mbp. Using genetic distances based on the RAD-seq analysis, we successfully distinguished ramets that belonged to distinct genets even from a half-sib family. We applied these methods to 372 samples of C. leucantha collected at 1-m interval grids within a 20 × 20 m plot in a natural population in Hokkaido, Japan. From these samples, we identified 61 genets with high inequality in terms of genet size and patchy distribution. Spatial autocorrelation analyses indicated significant aggregation within 7 and 4 m at ramet and genet levels, respectively. An analysis of parallel DNA microsatellite loci (simple sequence repeats) suggested that RAD-seq can provide data that allows robust genet assignment. It remains unclear whether the large genets identified here became dominant stochastically or deterministically. Precise identification of genets will assist further study and characterization of dominant genets.
The synergistic inhibitory effect of combining therapies targeting EGFR and mitochondria in sarcomas

Our group previously demonstrated that sarcoma cell lines were insensitive to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor gefitinib monotherapy. PENAO, an anti-tumour metabolic compound created in our laboratory, is currently in clinical trials. Considering the positive regulation of tumour energy production by both the EGFR signalling and tumour metabolism pathways, this study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanisms of combination therapy using gefitinib and PENAO in sarcoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. PENAO monotherapy reduced proliferation in 12 sarcoma cell lines. Combining gefitinib and PENAO resulted in synergistic inhibition in both a time- and dose-dependent manner in 3 sarcoma cell lines with less prominent monotherapy effects. Combined treatment significantly enhanced cell death and perturbed mitochondrial function. In vivo combination therapy with PENAO and gefitinib was non-toxic to mice and significantly delayed tumour growth and prolonged survival. At 20 days after treatment, tumours from the combination treated mice were significantly smaller than those from untreated and single drug treated mice. The survival curves also showed significant difference across and between groups. The combination of PENAO and gefitinib in vitro and in vivo, shows promise as a treatment pathway in this poor outcome tumour.
Is vaccination the only option for possible global malaria eradication

Ivan Tonna MRCP(UK), MSc Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals Oxford UK Email: ivantonna@doctors.net. uk In the last century, vaccines, together with the discovery of antibiotics have been powerful tools in the management of infectious diseases. Both were of particular importance in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with infections prevailing in the early 20 century. Whereas antibiotics were useful in treating the infection, vaccines worked by priming the uninfected individual against future infections. The success of vaccination can be seen through numerous examples. The World Health Organisation (WHO) was able to certify that smallpox had been eradicated in 1980 whereas the European Regional Commission for the Certification of the Eradication of Poliomyelitis declared the European Region polio-free on 21 June 2002. On the other hand, measles has been reduced to very low levels in many regions of the world. This led to the speculation that such a good result could be extended to other diseases. Tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria are currently three infectious diseases requiring urgent attention due to their serious consequences especially in less developed countries (Figure 1).
Activated human astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles modulate neuronal uptake, differentiation and firing

ABSTRACT Astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) provide supportive neural functions and mediate inflammatory responses from microglia. Increasing evidence supports their critical roles in regulating brain homoeostasis in response to pro-inflammatory factors such as cytokines and pathogen/damage-associated molecular pattern molecules in infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of the trans-cellular communication are still unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can transfer a large diversity of molecules such as lipids, nucleic acids and proteins for cellular communications. The purpose of this study is to characterize the EVs cargo proteins derived from human primary astrocytes (ADEVs) under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. ADEVs were isolated from human primary astrocytes after vehicle (CTL) or interleukin-1β (IL-1β) pre-treatment. Label-free quantitative proteomic profiling revealed a notable up-regulation of proteins including actin-associated molecules, integrins and major histocompatibility complex in IL-1β-ADEVs compared to CTL-ADEVs, which were involved in cellular metabolism and organization, cellular communication and inflammatory response. When fluorescently labelled ADEVs were added into primary cultured mouse cortical neurons, we found a significantly increased neuronal uptake of IL-1β-ADEVs compared to CTL-ADEVs. We further confirmed it is likely due to the enrichment of surface proteins in IL-1β-ADEVs, as IL-1β-ADEVs uptake by neurons was partially suppressed by a specific integrin inhibitor. Additionally, treatment of neurons with IL-1β-ADEVs also reduced neurite outgrowth, branching and neuronal firing. These findings provide insight for the molecular mechanism of the ADEVs’ effects on neural uptake, neural differentiation and maturation, and its alteration in inflammatory conditions.
Functional investigation of the BRCA1 Val1714Gly and Asp1733Gly variants by computational tools and yeast transcription activation assay

Mutations in the BRCA1 gene are known to be a major cause of hereditary breast cancer. However, characterizing the point mutations associated with cancer in BRCA1 is challenging because the functional impact of most of them is still unknown. Nowadays, a variety of methods are employed to identify cancer-associated mutations in BRCA1. This study is aimed to assess the functional effects of two mutations, Asp1733Gly and Val1714Gly, using a combination of in silico tools and yeast functional transcription activator assay. Our computational analysis showed that theVal1714Gly mutation was deleterious, while the other one, Asp1733Gly, predicted as neutral. Also using yeast functional transcription activator assay, we found that the Asp1733Gly mutation displayed similar ability with positive controls. In contrast, the Val1714Gly mutation completely abrogated transcriptional activity in the yeast. These results suggested that Val1714Gly and Asp1733Gly can be classified as pathogenic and benign mutations for the BRCA1, respectively.