Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tropospheric Columnar Ozone Concentration Estimation using Satellite Data

Ozone is found in two regions of the Earth’s atmosphere at ground level (up to 18km) and in the stratospheric region (18-50 km) of the upper atmosphere. The stratospheric columnar ozone (SCO) is generally referred as good ozone and protects the life from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays reaching the ground level by absorbing. The depletion of strtospheric ozone is studied and it is due to colling of stratospheric temperature (Sujatha P et. al 2014: RSL). The tropospheric columnar ozone (TO) or the ground level ozone is also referred as bad ozone and not generated in the air directly, but created by photo chemical and chemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). The tropospheric ozone is generated by human activities largely due to incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, transportation and industrial emissions, etc. This is often referred to as a greenhouse gas formed with NOx, Carbon Monoxide (CO) and VOCs. These are also called Ozone Precursors. The TO is derived from Ozone Monitoring Instrument and Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) based on Tropospheric Ozone Residual Techinque (TOR)
Phylogeny and sequestration of iridoid glycosides in selected genera of the Mecininae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) with particular focus on their host plant relationship

The taxonomy and phylogeny of the Mecininae is one of the many unresolved problems in the phylogeny of weevils. In 2001 Caldara published a revision of the Mecinini that established Rhinusa as a genus of its own and transferred all Gymnetron species living on Plantago to the genus Mecinus, yet many taxonomists remained doubtful whether they should adopt the new taxonomy. We here establish a phylogeny of the Mecininae based on 27 species representing the genera Cionus, Cleopus, Stereonychus, Mecinus, Gymnetron and Rhinusa to test the plausibility of these rearrangements and to solve remaining uncertainties. Our results clearly show that the Gymnetron species feeding on Plantago are in fact nested within the genus Mecinus and should be included in this genus as Caldara proposed. However, the genus Rhinusa cannot be delimited as proposed by Caldara (2001) according to our phylogeny since it was not resolved as a monophyletic group. Rather our data suggest that the Rhinusa species living on Verbascum and Scrophularia should be transferred to the genus Gymnetron. In addition, our data confirm that Cionus schultzei is a species of its own and not closely related to Cionus hortulanus. Furthermore, Rhinusa tetrum aberration plagiellum rather seems to be a species than an aberration as hypothesized by ROSENSCHOLD (1838): Rhinusa fuscescens. Host plant switches were apparently rare in the Mecinini and resulted in groups of several related species using the same host. In contrast, host plant switches in the Cionini must have occurred more frequently. Chapter1 Phylogeny of the Mecininae
IsoDiff

Weak isolation levels, such as Read Committed and Snapshot Isolation, are widely used by databases for their higher concurrency, but may introduce subtle correctness errors in applications that only experts can identify. This paper proposes IsoDiff, a tool to help a developer debug the anomalies caused by weak isolation for an application. To address the challenge that the number of anomalies can be non-polynomial with respect to the number of types of transactions, IsoDiff finds a representative subset of anomalies involving different transactions, operations, and problematic patterns. To reduce false positives, IsoDiff proposes two novel methods (correlation detection and timing relationship check) to eliminate as many false positives as possible and further provides a mechanism to incorporate the developer's feedback to eliminate the remaining ones. The evaluation of IsoDiff on TPC-C and seven real applications under Snapshot Isolation and Read Committed isolation shows that IsoDiff can balance computation time and the coverage of anomalies; it can automatically eliminate a significant portion of false positives; and its feedback mechanism allows a developer to express the root cause of false positives, which can eliminate many false positives with only a small number of developer hints.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF MYCELIAL COLLECTIONS OF MEDICINAL XYLOTROPHIC MUSHROOMS (AGARICOMYCETES) DISTRIBUTED IN FORESTS OF NORTHERN IRAN

The morphological and growth characteristics of mycelial cultures of 24 xylotrophic medicinal Agaricomycetes mushrooms including 12 edible species collected in Mazandaran and Golestan Provinces of Northern Iran were studied for the first time. The morphology of colonies, growth parameters, and an ability to develop in vitro teleomorph, presence and form of hyphal clamps, cystidia, loops, asexual spores (anamorphs), crystals and other cultural characteristics of Iranian collections were observed. The obtained data can be used for taxonomic identification of mycelial cultures of studied species/strains during their biotechnological cultivation to obtain mycelial biomass and bioactive compounds.
Plithogenic n-Super Hypergraph in Novel Multi-Attribute Decision Making

An optimal decision-making environment demands feasible Multi-Attribute Decision-Making methods. Plithogenic n – Super Hypergraph introduced by Smarandache is a novel concept and it involves many attributes. This article aims to bridge the concept of Plithogenic n-Super Hypergraph in the vicinity of optimal decision making. This research work introduces the novel concepts of enveloping vertex, super enveloping vertex, dominant enveloping vertex, classification of the dominant enveloping vertex (input, intervene, output dominant enveloping vertices), plithogenic connectors. An application of Plithogenic n-super hypergraph in making optimum decisions is discussed under various decision-making scenarios. Several insights are drawn from this research work and will certainly benefit the decision-makers to overcome the challenges in building decisions.
A Critical Evaluation of Tracking Surveys with Social Media: A Case Study in Presidential Approval

Relationships found between public opinion polls and data extracted from social media have led to optimism about supplementing traditional surveys with these new sources of data. However, many initial findings have not been met with usual levels of scrutiny and skepticism. Our goal is to introduce a higher level of scrutiny to these types of analyses. We focus on presidential approval, because we believe signals relating to politics might be some of the strongest in social media, and provide an illuminating test case. Our first contribution is to develop a framework to interpret the strength of relationships found between public opinion poll surveys and tweets containing a given keyword. Following methods that exist in the literature, we measure the association between survey based measures of presidential approval and tweets containing the word “Trump. ” We then implement placebo analyses, in which we perform the same analysis as with the “Trump” tweets but with tweets unrelated to presidential approval, and we conclude that the relationship between “Trump” tweets and public opinion polls is not strong. As our second contribution, we suggest following social media users longitudinally. For a set of politically active Twitter users, we classify users as a Democrat or Republican and find evidence of a political signal in terms of frequency and sentiment of their tweets around the 2016 presidential election. However, even in this best-case scenario of focusing exclusively on politics and following users who are politically engaged, the signal found is relatively weak. For the goal of supplementing traditional surveys with data extracted from social media, these results are encouraging, but cautionary.
Collecting and analyzing data jointly from multiple services under local differential privacy

Users' sensitive data can be collected and analyzed under local differential privacy (LDP) without the need to trust the data collector. Most previous work on LDP can be applied when each user's data is generated and collected from a single service or data source. In a more general and practical setting, sensitive data of each user needs to be collected under LDP from multiple services independently and can be joined on, e.g., user id. In this paper, we address two challenges in this setting: first, how to prevent the privacy guarantee from being weakened during the joint data collection; second, how to analyze perturbed data jointly from different services. We introduce the notation of user-level LDP to formalize and protect the privacy of a user when her joined data tuples are released. We propose mechanisms and estimation methods to process multidimensional analytical queries, each with sensitive attributes (in its aggregation and predicates) collected and perturbed independently in multiple services. We also introduce an online utility optimization technique for multi-dimensional range predicates, based on consistency in domain hierarchy. We conduct extensive evaluations to verify our theoretical results using synthetic and real datasets.
Fire weather drives daily area burned and observations of fire behavior in mountain pine beetle affected landscapes

In thewesternUnited States,mountain pine beetles (MPBs) have caused treemortality across 7%of the forested area over the past three decades, leading to concerns of increased fire activity inMPBaffected landscapes.Whilefire behaviormodeling suggestsMPB-associated changes in fuelsmay influence fire behavior, retrospective studies have generally found negligible orweak effects of pre-fire MPBoutbreak onfire activity. This apparent disagreementmay arise fromdifferences infire weather, fuels, or scale and highlights the need for empirical studies that examine the influence ofMPB outbreak on fire activity atfiner spatiotemporal scales. Herewe use a novel combination of geospatial data andfirefighter observations to test the relative influences of red and gray stageMPBoutbreak on twomeasures of daily wildfire activity—daily area burned (DAB) and observedfire behavior.We analyzed 2766 largewildfires that burned in theWest over the 2003–2012 period.We found 329fires that intersected priorMPBoutbreak, howevermost burned in areas affected byMPB for only a few days (median= 4 d). WemodeledDAB and the occurrence of observation of high-extreme fire behavior in 57 large (>1140 ha)wildfire events that burned for long time periods (>10 d) in landscapes affected byMPB.Under these conditions, we found no effect of red or gray stageMPB outbreak on eitherDABor observed fire behavior. Instead, greater DAB and observations of highextreme fire behavior occurred duringwarmer, drier, andwindier weather conditions andwhere preoutbreak fuels were characterized by lower canopy base heights and greater canopy bulk densities. The overriding influence of weather and pre-outbreak fuel conditions on dailyfire activity observed here suggest that efforts to reduce the risk of extreme fire activity should focus on societal adaption to futurewarming and extremeweather.
Structural insights into the histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein and receiver domain of sensor histidine kinase suggest a complex model in the two-component regulatory system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Two crystal structures of the histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein (HptB) and the receiver domain of the hybrid sensor histidine kinase PA1611 (PA1611REC) in the two-component regulatory system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been determined. With the modeled structure of the PA1611REC/HptB complex, the interactions and phosphoryl group transfer between HptB and PA1611REC are elucidated.
Pott’s puffy tumour and severe intracranial complications in a patient with schizophrenia: a case report*

Background: Pott’s puffy tumour is a subperiosteal abscess with cranial osteomyelitis. In compliant patients, antibiotic and surgical treatment is effective. However, patients with schizophrenia can present disease atypically, affecting the outcome and leading to life-threatening complications. Case presentation: We present a case where a 47-year-old man with schizophrenia declined surgery and follow-up of chronic frontal rhinosinusitis with a Pott’s puffy tumour. Nine months later he was found unconscious with osteomyelitis in his forehead, cerebritis and left-sided subdural empyema originating from the Pott’s puffy tumour. A multidisciplinary team of otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons performed acute endoscopic sinus surgery and craniotomy. Despite an intensive antibiotic treatment regimen and revision craniotomies, the patient suffered severe sequelae. Conclusion: Altered disease presentation and potential compliance issues must be kept in mind when treating psychiatric patients with severe and complicated sinonasal infection. This case illustrates the challenging interplay between rhinology and psychiatry.
Deep Neural Network for Tra � c Sign Recognition Systems: An analysis of Spatial Transformers and Stochastic Optimization Methods

This paper presents a Deep Learning approach for tra � c sign recognition systems. Several classiﬁcation experiments are conducted over publicly available tra � c sign datasets from Germany and Belgium using a Deep Neural Network which comprises Convolutional layers and Spatial Transformer Networks. Such trials are built to measure the impact of diverse factors with the ultimate goal of designing a Convolutional Neural Network that could improve the state-of-the-art of tra � c sign classiﬁcation task. On one hand, di ↵ erent adaptive and non-adaptive stochastic gradient descent optimization algorithms such as SGD, SGD-Nesterov, RMSprop and Adam are evaluated. On the other hand, multiple combinations of Spatial Transformer Networks placed at distinct positions within the main neural network are analysed. The proposed Convolutional Neural Network reports a recognition rate accuracy of 99.71% in the German Tra � c Sign Recognition Benchmark, outperforming previous state-of-the-art methods and also being more e � cient in terms of memory requirements.
Nurses Beliefs, Attitudes, and Perception Related to Work in Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation Unit, a qualitative Study

Objective: This Study aims to explore Nurses beliefs, attitudes and perception related to work in inpatient stroke rehabilitation Unit. Background: Role of the nurses in the rehabilitation process has increased dramatically for last two decades. Many attempts have been done to identify the role of the nurses in the Inpatient stroke rehabilitation units, they concluded that nurses are involved as an essential part of the rehabilitation process, however, their contribution to improving patient's outcomes is poorly understood and refined. Design: hermeneutic phenomenology, qualitative approach. Methods: The data were collected by using a semi-structured interview, using open-ended questions then the major themes Transcribed for thematic analysis. Results: Two Main categories were identified; the experience of nurses in Stroke rehabilitation units and the challenges in nursing contribution in stroke units, and the recommended strategies to enhance the role of the nurses in stroke rehab units. Conclusion/Relevance to clinical practice: The study provided an evidence that nurses believe in themselves as an effective team member in stroke rehabilitation, and they are enjoying while helping patients to recover to allow them to reintegrate and adapt to their new life situations. However, this study showed a lot of obstacles that minimize the contribution of nursing in stroke rehabilitation units. The future nursing rehab role should also be developed to meet the post-discharge needs and the emerging rehabilitation services and technologies, moreover, nurses have to clear and specify their specific bedside care and interventions. Nurses have to adopt new knowledge and competencies in collaboration with other disciplines such as occupational therapies, physical therapy, and speech therapy, to upgrade their assessment and intervention skills that enable the nurses to provide systematic and therapeutic feedback about the patient progress and the proper interventions that needed to reflects that on the functional abilities on discharge.
Chelation-based enhancement of novel and commercially available antimicrobials against foodborne pathogens

Metal-sequestering compounds (chelators), such as the chemical compounds Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and long-chain polyphosphates, can enhance the uptake and activity of various antimicrobial compounds. Previous work has shown that chelation of structurally important divalent cations (Mg2+, Ca2+) from the outer membrane of Gramnegative bacteria is an effective route towards the permeabilization of these bacteria, leading to uptake or modulation of activity for co-applied antimicrobials, including membrane-active antimicrobials such as quaternary ammonium compounds. Similar antimicrobial-enhancing results have been shown for Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, presumably due to the chelation of analogous structurally important cations. We hypothesize that, like EDTA and polyphosphates, naturally derived chelators can also play multifunctional roles as both antimicrobial enhancers and antioxidants, leading to potentially useful applications in “green” antimicrobial and chemical preservative formulations. In this work, several candidate chelators (CCs) were identified from an initial literature search, with an emphasis also made toward identifying and prioritizing plant-based, value-added compounds that might promote cleanor clear-label labeling efforts. CCs were sourced, then assayed for their chelating activity using a modified Chrome Azurol S (CAS) colorimetric assay. Several potent natural chelators were identified using this approach, and phytic acid was evaluated further for its ability to enhance both cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC, a model quaternary ammonium compound) and novel pyrone antimicrobials synthesized by the Kraus laboratory at Iowa State. Our results suggest that chelation-based enhancement of antimicrobial efficacy represents a promising, “green” and value-added approach for the development of new antimicrobials for use in foods, sanitizer formulations, and related applications.
How Do We Monitor Oxygenation During The Management of PPHN? Alveolar, Arterial or Mixed Oxygen Tension or Peripheral Saturation?

Oxygen is a pulmonary vasodilator and plays an important role in mediating circulatory transition from fetal to postnatal period. Oxygen tension (PO2) in the alveolus (PAO2) and pulmonary artery (PaO2) are the main factors that influence hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). Inability to achieve adequate pulmonary vasodilation at birth leads to persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Supplemental oxygen therapy is the mainstay of PPHN management. However, optimal monitoring and targeting of oxygenation to achieve low pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and optimizing oxygen delivery to vital organs remains unknown. Noninvasive pulse oximetry measures peripheral saturations (SpO2) and a target range of 91-95% are recommended during acute PPHN management. However, for a given SpO2, there is wide variability in arterial PaO2, especially with variations in hemoglobin type (HbF or HbA due to transfusions), pH and body temperature. This review evaluates the role of alveolar, preductal, postductal, mixed venous PO2, and SpO2 in the management of PPHN. Translational and clinical studies suggest maintaining a PaO2 of 50-80 mmHg decreases PVR and augments pulmonary vasodilator management. Nevertheless, there are no randomized clinical trials evaluating outcomes in PPHN targeting SpO2 or PO2. Also, most critically ill patients have umbilical arterial catheters and postductal PaO2 may not be an accurate assessment of oxygen delivery to vital organs or factors influencing HPV. The mixed venous oxygen tension from umbilical venous catheter blood gas may assess pulmonary arterial PO2 and potentially predict HPV. It is crucial to conduct randomized controlled studies with different PO2/SpO2 target ranges for the management of PPHN and compare outcomes.
Performance, some immune parameters and intestinal microbial flora of Ross 308 broiler chicks fed by Fenugreek essential oil

This study was to investigate the effect of using fenugreek essential oil on performance, some immune parameters and intestinal micro-flora on broiler chicks. A total of 240 one day Ross 308 broiler chicks were divided and assigned into 4 groups and 5 replicate of 16 birds each. Chicks were fed by basal diet as control and 3 levels (100, 200 and 250 ppm) of fenugreek essential oil respectively. During the experimental period feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were calculated. After 30 and 38 days last, the blood samples were taken from wing vein to evaluate the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) and anti-body against Influenza and New castle disease vaccine (ND) respectively. For evaluation carcass traits 4 birds of the same weight in each group were slaughtered, separated and weighed. The obtained result showed that the highest feed intake related to the fenugreek essential oil and highest body weight was seen in the groups that the fed by fenugreek essential oil. Also there were significant differences between treatments about feed conversion ratio (p≤0.05). The SRBC, ND and Influenza titer as immune system parameters was for fenugreek essential oil respectively. The carcass evaluation mentioned that the highest carcass percentage was for fenugreek oil and there were significant differences between groups about intestine and gizzard percentage. The results showed that different levels of fenugreek oil used in experimental broilers had significant effects on intestinal microbial population flora. We may conclude that fenugreek essential oil at the present levels could have better body performance, some carcass parameters, and immune system in Ross 308 broiler chicks.
Effects of Paenibacillus polymyxa inoculation and different soil nitrogen treatments on lodgepole pine seedling growth

An endophytic diazotroph, Paenibacillus polymyxa P2b-2R, has been shown to colonize internal tissues of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) and stimulate seedling growth possibly through nitrogen (N) fixation in an N-limited environment. We evaluated the effects of different soil N concentrations on lodgepole pine seedling growth after inoculation with P2b-2R in a year-long greenhouse study. Seedlings were subjected to monthly application of a nutrient solution containing one of four soil N concentrations as Ca(NO3)2 (5% 15N label): 0.0029, 0.029, 0.29, and 2.9 μmol·L–1, referred to as very low, low, medium, and high soil N treatments, respectively. Foliar 15N atom percent excess and foliar N content values of P2b-2R inoculated seedlings were not significantly different from controls at any N treatment. Similarly, rhizospheric and endophytic population of P2b-2R did not vary significantly across N treatments. Inoculation with P2b-2R resulted in seedling growth inhibition du.