Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wavelet-based signal processing and optics

Recent advances in mathematical theory related to the representation of signals and images by some limited-extent-wave functions have generated substantial interest in applications of waveforms that are localized in both time (space) and frequency (spatial frequency) domains to signal and image processing, pattern recognition, data compression, and neural networks. As a particularly useful model, the so-called wavelet transforms provide a variety of multiresolution signal (image) time-frequency or space-frequency decomposition tools. Digital parallel implementations of the wavelet transforms are computationally intensive both because of the nature of the coordinate dilation and erosion of these transforms and because of the large quantity of convolution/correlation operations accompanied. This paper is intended to outline some of the most useful properties of the wavelet transforms, their similarities, and differences to other known joint representations. The links between the wavelet transforms and optics also are discussed.
Use of a Vaginal Ring Containing Dapivirine for HIV-1 Prevention in Women

BackgroundAntiretroviral medications that are used as prophylaxis can prevent acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, in clinical trials among African women, the incidence of HIV-1 infection was not reduced, probably because of low adherence. Longer-acting methods of drug delivery, such as vaginal rings, may simplify use of antiretroviral medications and provide HIV-1 protection. MethodsWe conducted a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a monthly vaginal ring containing dapivirine, a non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, involving women between the ages of 18 and 45 years in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. ResultsAmong the 2629 women who were enrolled, 168 HIV-1 infections occurred: 71 in the dapivirine group and 97 in the placebo group (incidence, 3.3 and 4.5 per 100 person-years, respectively). The incidence of HIV-1 infection in the dapivirine group was lower by 27% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1 to 46; P=0.
Flow cytometry as the new ‘gold standard’ for detection of free tumour cells in abdominal lavage fluid in gastric cancer patients: A comparative study of molecular and conventional methods

The ideal method for detection of free tumour cells in abdominal lavage fluid should be rapid, reliable and widely available. Flow cytometry potentially covers these properties, but there are only a few studies directly comparing flow cytometry for detecting gastric cancer cells to other methods. Therefore, we compared free tumour‐cell detection in abdominal lavage fluids using cytology with immunocytochemistry, RT‐qPCR and flow cytometry.
Single-reservoir operating rules for a year using multiobjective genetic algorithm

A monthly operating rule for single-reservoir operation is developed in this study. Synthetic inflow data over 100 years are generated by using a time series model, AR(1), and piecewise-linear operating rules consisting of 4 and 5 linear lines are found using the implicit stochastic optimization method. In order to consider multiobjective functions in reservoir system operation, a multiobjective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is adopted to obtain the optimization results. The search space of NSGA-II is carefully refined using frequency analysis of historical data, and the relationship between inflow and constraints is also investigated. It is determined that 4 and 5 segments are the optimal number of segments for the piecewise-linear operating rule, and the effect of random number seeding on NSGA-II is evaluated. Six years of historical inflow data are used for the simulation model and the results show that the developed operating rule would handle various inflow series. As a result, probabilistic reservoir storage forecasts can be provided to a system operator so as to enable the operator to evaluate the current status of a reservoir quantitatively.
A multi-view surveillance system

We describe the design and implementation of a system architecture and algorithms to provide a networked multi-view video surveillance system. The system has been developed to deliver reliable tracking of pedestrians and vehicles through an outdoor environment imaged by many CCTV cameras. Each video workstation runs computer vision algorithms that perform single-view multi-object tracking, generating packets of symbolic object track data that are transmitted across the local network to both a local view-integration server and a track and video database server which provides remote access to highly compressed camera video and ground-plane displays. The view-integration processing enables higher-accuracy 3D object location and occlusion reasoning when objects are simultaneously seen in more than one camera view-field, and track handover for objects that move between spatially adjacent views. (5 pages)
Systematische Literaturübersicht zur Implementierung der sektorübergreifenden Versorgung (Regionalbudget, integrierte Versorgung) in Deutschland

Zusammenfassung Anliegen: Sektorübergreifende Versorgungsmodelle wie das Regionalbudget und die integrierte Versorgung wurden geschaffen, um die Fragmentierung psychiatrischer Versorgung zu überwinden. Der Implementierungsstand in Deutschland und die Begleitevaluation sollen dargestellt werden. Methode: Systematische Literaturrecherche, zusätzliche Handsuche. Ergebnisse: 28 Artikel und 38 Internetseiten wurden identifiziert, die sich auf 21 Projekte bezogen. Die Projekte weisen eine hohe Heterogenität auf (Größe, Ziele, inhaltliche Umsetzung, eingeschlossene Patienten, Art und Umfang der Evaluation etc.). Im Hinblick auf klinische Outcomes zeigt sich ein positives, hinsichtlich der Leistungsnutzung ein uneinheitliches Bild. Schlussfolgerung: Die Datenlage ist vielversprechend, wenn auch uneinheitlich. Welche Versorgungsformen sich durchsetzen werden, ist noch nicht absehbar.
An improved method of continuous LOD based on fractal theory in terrain rendering

With the improvement of computer graphic hardware capability, the algorithm of 3D terrain rendering is going into the hot topic of real-time visualization. In order to solve conflict between the rendering speed and reality of rendering, this paper gives an improved method of terrain rendering which improves the traditional continuous level of detail technique based on fractal theory. This method proposes that the program needn't to operate the memory repeatedly to obtain different resolution terrain model, instead, obtains the fractal characteristic parameters of different region according to the movement of the viewpoint. Experimental results show that the method guarantees the authenticity of landscape, and increases the real-time 3D terrain rendering speed.
Modelling of all optical control systems based on fiber Bragg gratings technology

Traditionally, control systems are electronic, pneumatic, hydraulic or a combination of all. However an all optical control (AOPC) system is a novel research area that needs to be investigated and further developed. The main objective of an AOPC system is to detect and manipulate the process variable and issues a control signal at the optical domain with minimum optical to electronic signal conversion. This paper is introducing a theoretical basis for the realization of AOPC systems, their mathematical modelling, and dynamics.
Software for automatic analysis of image and sound data simultaneously acquired from high-speed videoendocopy

High-speed digital videoendoscopy system is emerging as a new clinical tool for voice assessment. The system can acquire images of the vibrating vocal folds with simultaneous recording of voice data from the patient. The laryngeal image-based analysis has been proven valuable for objective and quantitative assessment of voice kinematics in health and disease, and meanwhile, acoustic analysis of voice data could assist in the study of phonatory characteristics and reveal useful information related to laryngeal pathophysiology. Contrast to the hardware acquisition systems, the development of effective software for handling such massive visual/sound data has lagged behind. In this paper, a software system is designed to process the laryngeal image sequences and perform image-based analyses as well as acoustic analyses. Our software contains following modules: (1) Import and view Module - to read AVI video data and sound data (wave file), edit/compile and save selected data, make image montages using DirectShow technology and display the acoustic waveform using DirectSound technology; (2) Image Process Module – to perform frame-by-frame image segmentation to delineate the glottis, to extract the GAW and bilateral vocal fold displacements; (3) Image Analysis Module – to adopt Nyquist plot displays that involves the Hilbert transform based analysis of GAW, and to provide instantaneous frequency and amplitude distributions; (4) Acoustic Analysis Module – to perform Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Spectrogram analyses of the imported sound data, to display the plot of the sound data and provide instantaneous frequency and amplitude distributions and Nyqiust plot and (5) Dual GAW and sound wave display module. Upon rigorous testing of this software using clinical data samples we demonstrate the applications of the software to the study of dynamic characteristics of the glottis, which may correlate with voice quality and health condition.
Increasing Reading Comprehension of Elementary Students through Fluency-Based Interventions.

The authors of this action research project report implemented oral reading fluency-based interventions for the purpose of improving students’ reading comprehension. Six students in grade three, six students in grade five and six students in grade six participated in the study from Monday, August 27 through Friday, December 7, 2007. Researchers observed that in the targeted reading groups, deficiencies in any element of oral reading fluency were associated with reading comprehension problems. The teacher researchers used the following tools to document evidence; Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) Oral Reading Fluency (ORF), which indicated that 50% of students at Site A and 83% of students at Site B were below benchmark score for oral reading fluency. The comprehension based assessment (Choose-A-Title) resulted in 61% of the students choosing the incorrect title. As a result of the student survey, it indicated that 17% of the students responded “almost never” when asked “I think others like my reading”. Students’ struggles with accuracy, rate, and prosody revealed deficiencies that inhibited the processing of meaning. The interventions implemented were three 20-minute weekly sessions consisting of one session of reader’s theater activities including choral reading, echo reading, and poetry, and two sessions of partner reading during which student pairs engaged in repeated oral reading and reading along silently while listening as oral reading was modeled. Teachers are encouraged to model fluent reading illustrating proper rate and accuracy. Reading and rereading exercises such as reading with a model reader, choral reading, reader’s theater, and partner reading can improve fluency (Vaughn & Linan-Thompson, 2004). As a result of the interventions, students demonstrated increased awareness of the three elements of oral reading fluency: accuracy, rate, and prosody. Students practiced self-monitoring these elements while participating in paired reading and cooperative learning groups. The post data revealed that there was a decrease in students’ positive responses to “I read with expression and feeling”. Thirty-three percent of students responded “almost always” on pre documentation and 28% on post documentation. The “usually” category declined from 50% to 44%. Students responded best to interventions that involved repeated reading in the form of rehearsal followed by performance, such as choral poetry reading and reader’s theater. Students demonstrated engagement in the activities while becoming more realistic in self-evaluation
Application of a neural network and four statistical classifiers in characterizing small focal liver lesions on CT

Differential diagnosis of hypodense liver lesions on CT is a common radiological problem. The aim of this study was to apply image analysis methods on non-enhanced CT images for discriminating small hemangiomas, the most common non-cystic benign lesion, from metastases, which represent the vast majority of malignant hepatic lesions. Twenty textural features were calculated from the CT density matrix of 20 hemangiomas and 36 liver metastases and were used to train a multilayer perceptron neural network classifier and four statistical classifiers. The neural network exhibited the highest classification accuracy (83.9%) employing 3 textural features (kurtosis, angular second moment, and inverse difference moment), 2 hidden layers and 4 hidden layer nodes. The diagnostic accuracy of CT in characterizing small hypodense liver lesions may be improved by the application of image analysis methods employing a multilayer neural network classifier.
Videos in tangible products

This paper describes how videos can be implemented into printed photo books. More than half of consumers take videos with DSCs, the rest use camcorders, smartphones and other devices. This means that consumers who use DSC’s to capture the images used in their photo books are an ideal target group for a new service, enabling them to use the CEWE PHOTOBOOK software to select scenes (frames) from their videos and have them printed together with a QR code in the book. Once the customer receives the printed product, they can scan the QR code with any smart phone or tablet and the video clip will be played on the mobile device.
Detection of Faces with Partial Occlusions using Statistical Face Model

Face detection refers to the process extracting facial regions in an input image, which can improve speed and accuracy of recognition or authorization system, and has diverse applicability. Since conventional works have tried to detect faces based on the whole shape of faces, its detection performance can be degraded by occlusion made with accessories or parts of body. In this paper we propose a method combining local feature descriptors and probability modeling in order to detect partially occluded face effectively. In training stage, we represent an image as a set of local feature descriptors and estimate a statistical model for normal faces. When the test image is given, we find a region that is most similar to face using our face model constructed in training stage. According to experimental results with benchmark data set, we confirmed the effect of proposed method on detecting partially occluded face.
Measuring Behaviour: An Introductory Guide

Measuring Behaviour is a guide to the principles and methods of quantitative studies of behaviour, with an emphasis on techniques of direct observation, recording and analysis. Numerous textbooks describe and analyse human and animal behaviour, but none provides a comprehensive review of the principles and techniques of its measurement. Those undertaking this task for the first time are often bemused by the apparent difficulty of the job facing them - how will they accurately and systematically record all that is happening? The purpose of this book is to provide this basic knowledge in a succinct and easily understood form. This concise review of methodology includes a comprehensive annotated bibliography. Written with ,brevity and clarity, Measuring Behaviour is intended, above all, as a practical guide-book.
Multi-vehicles tracking in traffic crossroad based on fast approximate optimal objective function with label costs

In this paper, we present a novel framework for multiple vehicles tracking in traffic crossroad that formulate multi-target tracking as an optimization problem. We set the optimizing decision model of multi-vehicles tracking based on characteristics of vehicles and traffic crossroad. In our formulation the problem of error propagation can be avoided through cutting down the error of detector by rejecting the improper detecting points during the optimizing process. Several challenging datasets are employed to validate the accuracy and robustness of our approach. A series of experiment results has demonstrated that our method is able to handle partial or even complete occlusions and can hardly be influenced by variant scale object.
Crisp and Fuzzy Classifiers in the Two-Phase Gas-Liquid Flow Diagnostics

Abstract The following paper presents results of common clustering algorithms use, both crisp and fuzzy, for flow pattern recognition of two-phase gas-liquid flows observed in horizontal pipeline. Obtained results of HCM, FCM, and kNN clustering algorithms were presented in a form of confusion matrix and compared via its prediction performance.
Statistical Power Analysis and Experimental Field Research

This article discusses the application of statistical power analysis to field experiments in which subjects "trickle-in" through a case-flow process. Statistical power is shown to be useful m guiding research decisions concerning problems often encountered with case-flow designs. Concrete examples drawn from the National Evaluation of Juvenile Restitution Initiative illustrate the utility of power analysis for field experiments m which subjects become available for observation by the flow of clients into an agency or program.
B-Spline Wavelets Vision Detection Technology Based on Adaptive Filter

Edge is the most important information for computer vision. Wavelets edge detection can reduce noise disturbing, and also loses weak edging. This paper presents a new algorithm for edge detection. Based on sharping imaging edging by adaptive filter algorithm, the algorithm can detect edge by B-spline wavelets. This new algorithm has more higher precision than those normal algorithms.
The Blog Topic Detection Research Based on Bursty Word

The emergence of blog hot topic means that the user's interest ,participation behavior and various media report coverage reach to its climax,a detecting method of topics on blog based on blog bursty words is proposed. It includes the use of word similarity measure and text clustering analysis which is combined with design strategy in specific period, the use of the main idea of the sudden vocabulary hot topic detection algorithm has to be used and improved in order to generate the final clustering. The experimental results show that the algorithm can obtain an accurate blog topic detection results.
Multichannel ALOHA data networks for personal communications services (PCS)

Two wireless data network access protocols, multichannel ALOHA with and without reservation, for personal communications services are studied. A Markov model is used to analyze the system throughput and average message delay. The combined effect of Rayleigh fading, log-normal shadowing, and spatial distribution of the mobile users on the system throughput is included. Numerical results show that the throughput of such a slotted multichannel ALOHA system with capture is much higher than that without capture, as expected. The results also indicate that multichannel ALOHA protocol with reservation has much higher throughput and less delay than the protocol without reservation, if the set-up time is negligible. The analysis can be easily used to analyze the reservation random access (RRA) schemes for voice transmission. <<ETX>>
Some useful strategies for unstructured edge‐based solvers on shared memory machines

Three strategies for shared memory parallel edge‐based solvers are proposed which guarantee that nodes belonging to one thread are not accessed by other threads for vertex‐centered discretizations (replace nodes by cells in case of cell‐centered discretizations). The algorithms reorder the edges in groups in order for the parallelization to take place at the edge level, possibly through multiple passes, which constitutes the bulk of the work in an edge‐based solver. These strategies are presented in an increasing order of programming effort and their performances are also compared. Various renumbering algorithms are considered. Results and timings are given for a classical Computational Fluid Dynamics compressible edge‐based solver and a Numerical Weather Prediction compressible dynamic solver for dry air, as well as computational details to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach. The influence of the point renumbering on the final edge grouping and efficiency is also studied through numerical results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Third-Generation SELF Implementation: Reconsiling Responsiveness with Performance

Programming systems should be both responsive (to support rapid development) and efficient (to complete computations quickly). Pure object-oriented languages are harder to implement efficiently since they need optimization to achieve good performance. Unfortunately, optimization conflicts with interactive responsiveness because it tends to produce long compilation pauses, leading to unresponsive programming environments. Therefore, to achieve good responsiveness, existing exploratory programming environments such as the Smalltalk-80 environment rely on interpretation or non-optimizing dynamic compilation. But such systems pay a price for their interactiveness, since they may execute programs several times slower than an optimizing system. SELF-93 reconciles high performance with responsiveness by combining a fast, non-optimizing compiler with a slower, optimizing compiler. The resulting system achieves both excellent performance (two or three times faster than existing Smalltalk systems) and good responsiveness. Except for situations requiring large applications to be (re)compiled from scratch, the system allows for pleasant interactive use with few perceptible compilation pauses. To our knowledge, SELF-93 is the first implementation of a pure object-oriented language achieving both good performance and good responsiveness. When measuring interactive pauses, it is imperative to treat multiple short pauses as one longer pause if the pauses occur in short succession, since they are perceived as one pause by the user. We propose a definition of pause clustering and show that clustering can make an order-of-magnitude difference in the pause time distribution.
Laser Doppler echo signal detection method

The coherent lidar system for speed measurement and the characteristics of the echo signal are discussed. And the principle and the advantages of the digital quadrature transform are analyzed. A digital quadrature detection scheme based on polyphase filter for coherent lidar system for speed measurement is presented by using the idea of software radio. Firstly the amplified analog signal is sampled to digital signal, and then is re-sampled with parity, time-aligned by delay filtering, finally the signal is divided into in-phase component and quadrature component. The scheme can be used to decrease the hardware complexity of system to a large extent, to avoid aliasing between the positive and the negative spectrums, to improve the SNR, and to obtain the signal in the quadrature form so as to fit the follow-up processing. Simulations and experiments indicate that the scheme is capable of resisting the noise compared with the traditional methods and is prone to real-time implementation, which, in turn, makes a contribution to greatly improve the performance of coherent Doppler lidar system for speed measurement and to orient the direction of a moving target.
Comparison of supervised and unsupervised discriminator-based logic neural networks

A self-organising discriminator-based logic neural network is compared to the similarly-structured supervised WISARD neural network on the basis of their performance in a pattern recognition task. The self-organising system is shown to possess a superior performance in learning environments where the training patterns have a high degree of variability. >