Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity

Abstract : Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women in the United States. A full term pregnancy early in reproductive life can reduce breast cancer incidence in women by up to 50% and p53, an important tumor suppressor gene, was shown to be a major effector for this protection effect. We hypothesized that p53 may negatively regulate the proliferation and self-renewal of mammary stem/progenitor cells and that the increased p53 in parous gland may limit mammary stem/progenitor cells population and reduce the transformation risk. Mammosphere assays showed that decreased p53 dosage in Trp53+/- and Trp53-/- mice led to increased numbers and size of mammospheres. Meanwhile, the number of secondary and tertiary mammospheres was not affected by (IR) regardless of their genotype. The cell cycle analysis also showed that the Trp53-/- mammospheres have higher proliferation rate than Trp53+/+ spheres. Serial dilution and transplantation experiments also showed that the Trp53-/- epithelium had significantly increased frequency of long-term regenerative MaSCs compared to Trp53+/+ epithelium. The BrdU labeling experiment showed that Trp53-/- mammary gland contains less label-retaining epithelial cells (LRECs) than Trp53+/+ epithelium. Our data suggest that p53 negatively regulates the self-renewal of mammary stem cells. The MaSCs pool expands with decreased p53 dosage, which may result in a higher transformation risk. Meanwhile, the p53-mediated apoptosis pathway is compromised in the mammosphere-initiating cells.
The Geography of Maternal Mortality in Nigeria

Maternal mortality is the leading cause of death among women in Nigeria, especially women aged between 15 and 19 years. This research examines the geography of maternal mortality in Nigeria and the role of cultural and religious practices, socio-economic inequalities, urbanization, access to pre and postnatal care in explaining the spatial pattern. State-level data on maternal mortality rates and predictor variables are presented. Access to healthcare, place of residence and religion explains over 74 percent of the spatial pattern of maternal mortality in Nigeria, especially in the predominantly Muslim region of northern Nigeria where poverty, early marriage and childbirth are at its highest, making them a more vulnerable population. Targeting vulnerable populations in policy-making procedures may be an important strategy for reducing maternal mortality, which would also be more successful if other socio-economic issues such as poverty, religious and health care issues are promptly addressed as well.
Cache-Aware Out-of-Core Tensor Decomposition on GPUs

For compressing large-scale multidimensional datasets, out-of-core tensor decomposition often consumes a lot of time. This article particularly presents a method based on two key ideas to improve its performance. First, cache-aware static scheduling schemes are employed to reduce the total number of disk accesses. Second, we take advantage of the massively parallel computing power and large memory size of modern GPUs to accelerate linear algebra operations of tensor decomposition. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve speedups of 11~16 over a naive implementation and 2.5~5.3 over previous work [42] for practical data-driven rendering applications.
RECENT APPROACHES TO ARABIC DIALOGUE ACTS CLASSIFICATIONS

Building Arabic dialogue systems (Spoken or Written) has gained an increasing interest in the last few. For this reasons, there are more interest for Arabic dialogue acts classification task because it a key player in Arabic language understanding to building this systems. This paper describes the results of the recent approaches of Arabic dialogue acts classifications and covers Arabic dialogue acts corpora, annotation schema, utterance segmentation, and classification tasks.
Quality Metrics for Information Visualization

The visualization community has developed to date many intuitions and understandings of how to judge the quality of views in visualizing data. The computation of a visualization's quality and usefulness ranges from measuring clutter and overlap, up to the existence and perception of specific (visual) patterns. This survey attempts to report, categorize and unify the diverse understandings and aims to establish a common vocabulary that will enable a wide audience to understand their differences and subtleties. For this purpose, we present a commonly applicable quality metric formalization that should detail and relate all constituting parts of a quality metric. We organize our corpus of reviewed research papers along the data types established in the information visualization community: multi‐ and high‐dimensional, relational, sequential, geospatial and text data. For each data type, we select the visualization subdomains in which quality metrics are an active research field and report their findings, reason on the underlying concepts, describe goals and outline the constraints and requirements. One central goal of this survey is to provide guidance on future research opportunities for the field and outline how different visualization communities could benefit from each other by applying or transferring knowledge to their respective subdomain. Additionally, we aim to motivate the visualization community to compare computed measures to the perception of humans.
Randomness for non-computable measures

Different approaches have been taken to defining randomness for non-computable probability measures. We will explain the approach of Reimann and Slaman, along with the uniform test approach first introduced by Levin and also used by Gacs, Hoyrup and Rojas. We will show that these approaches are fundamentally equivalent. Having clarified what it means to be random for a non-computable probability measure, we turn our attention to Levin’s neutral measures, for which all sequences are random. We show that every PA degree computes a neutral measure. We also show that a neutral measure has no least Turing degree representation and explain why the framework of the continuous degrees (a substructure of the enumeration degrees studied by Miller) can be used to determine the computational complexity of neutral measures. This allows us to show that the Turing ideals below neutral measures are exactly the Scott ideals. Since X ∈ 2 is an atom of a neutral measure μ if and only if it is computable from (every representation of) μ, we have a complete understanding of the possible sets of atoms of a neutral measure. One simple consequence is that every neutral measure has a Martin-Lof random atom. 1. Defining randomness Let X be an element of Cantor space and μ a Borel probability measure on Cantor space. What should it mean for X to be random with respect to μ? In the case that μ is the Lebesgue measure, then the theory of μrandomness is well developed (for recent treatises on the subject the reader is referred to Downey and Hirschfeldt, and Nies [2, 13]). In fact if μ is a computable measure, then early work of Levin showed that μ-randomness can be seen as essentially a variant on randomness for Lebesgue measure [10]. This leaves the question of how to define randomness if μ is non-computable. We will show that the two approaches that have previously been used to define μ-randomness, for non-computable μ, are equivalent. Later, in Theorem 4.12, we will provide another characterization of μ-randomness using the enumeration degrees. Last compilation: September 8, 2011 Last time the following date was changed: November 22, 2010. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 03D32; Secondary 68Q30, 03D30. The second author was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-0945187 and DMS-0946325, the latter being part of a Focused Research Group in Algorithmic Randomness.
Kaldor on Debreu: The Critique of General Equilibrium Reconsidered

This paper revisits Kaldor's methodological critique of orthodox economics. The main target of his critique was the theory of general equilibrium as expounded in the work of Debreu and others. Kaldor deemed this theory to be seriously flawed as an empirically adequate description of real-world economies. According to Kaldor, scientific progress was not possible in economics without a major act of demolition, by which he meant the destruction of the basic conceptual framework of the theory of general equilibrium. We extend Kaldor's critique by recourse to major developments in 20th century philosophy of mathematics, and then go on to demonstrate that Debreu's work, based as it is on Bourbakist formalism and in particular Cantorian set theory, is conceptually incompatible with Kaldor's requirements for an empirical science. This aspect of Kaldor's critique has not been explored, and as a consequence a major source of substantiating his critique has remained undeveloped.
A Multiobjective Adaptive Surrogate Modeling-Based Optimization (MO-ASMO) Framework Using Efficient Sampling Strategies

A novel multiobjective adaptive surrogate modeling-based optimization (MO-ASMO) framework is proposed to utilize a minimal number of training samples efficiently for sequential model updates. All the sample points are enforced to be feasible, and to provide coverage of sparsely explored sparse design regions using a new optimization subproblem. The MO-ASMO method only evaluates high-fidelity functions at feasible sample points. During an exploitation sample phase, samples are selected to enhance solution accuracy rather than the global exploration. Sampling tasks are especially challenging for multiobjective optimization; for an n-dimensional design space, a strategy is required for generating model update sample points near an (n− 1)-dimensional hypersurface corresponding to the Pareto set in the design space. This is addressed here using a force-directed layout algorithm, adapted from graph visualization strategies, to distribute feasible sample points evenly near the estimated Pareto set. Model validation samples are chosen uniformly on the Pareto set hypersurface, and surrogate model estimates at these points are compared to high-fidelity model responses. All high-fidelity model evaluations are stored for later use to train an updated surrogate model. The MO-ASMO algorithm, along with the set of new sampling strategies, are tested using two mathematical and one realistic engineering problems. The second mathematical test problems is specifically designed to test the limits of this algorithm to cope with very narrow, nonconvex feasible domains. It involves oscillatory objective functions, giving rise to a discontinuous set of Pareto-optimal solutions. Also, the third test problem demonstrates that the MOASMO algorithm can handle a practical engineering problem with more than 10 design variables and black-box simulations. The efficiency of the MO-ASMO algorithm is demonstrated by comparing the result of two mathematical problems to the results of the NSGA-II algorithm in terms of the number of high fidelity function evaluations, and is shown to reduce total function evaluations by several orders of magnitude when converging to the same Pareto sets.
Millimeter-Wave Waveguide Transition to Microstrip Line on the Waveguide Narrow-Wall using V-shaped Patch Element

Transitions from waveguide to microstrip line are required to connect circuits and microstrip antennas in the millimeter-wave band. Various types of millimeter-wave transitions from waveguide to microstrip line have been proposed. The ridge waveguide type [1], quasi-Yagi type [2], and planar waveguide type [3] have been studied as longitudinal connection of waveguide with microstrip line. With regard to vertical transitions, a conventional type of probe feeding has a wideband characteristic [4], [5], but it needs a metal short block with a quarter-wavelength on the substrate. The replacement of the metal short block is a patch element in the waveguide to achieve sufficient coupling between waveguide and microstrip line. The slot coupling type [6] achieves coupling between the microstrip line and the patch element in the waveguide by means of a slot, it is composed of two dielectric substrates without a metal short block. The proximity coupling type [7] has been developed more recently. It can be composed of single dielectric substrate attached to the waveguide and is suitable for mass production. In some cases of actual design, waveguide transition to microstrip line located on the waveguide narrow wall is required. In this case, currents on microstrip line and rectangler patch element are orthogonal each other. Therefore, they do not couple efficiently. To couple currents on microstrip line and patch element, V-shaped patch element is applied instead of rectangler patch element. In this paper, a millimeter-wave waveguide transition to microstrip line on the waveguide narrow wall using V-shaped patch element is proposed. The transition can be composed of a single dielectric substrate attached to the waveguide end. The configuration of the transition is presented in Section 2.
Using Pupillometry and Electromyography to Track Positive and Negative Affect During Flight Simulation

Affect is a key determinant of performance, due to its influence on cognitive processing. Negative emotions such as anxiety are recognized cognitive stressors shown to degrade decision making and situation awareness. Conversely, positive affect can improve problem solving and facilitate recall. This exploratory pilot study used electromyography and pupillometry measures to track pilots’ levels of negative and positive affect while training in a flight simulator. Fixation duration and saccade rate were found to correspond reliably to pilot self-reports of anxiety. Additionally, large increases in muscle activation were also recorded when higher anxiety was reported. Decreases in positive affect correlated significantly with saccade rate, fixation duration, and mean saccade velocity. Results are discussed in terms of using psychophysiological measures to provide a continuous, objective measure of pilot affective levels as an additional evaluation method to support assessment of pilot performance in simulation training environments.
Interorganizational Trust Production Contingent on Product and Performance Uncertainty

How do organizations build trust under varying degrees of uncertainty? In this article, we propose that different degrees of uncertainty require different bases of trust. We distinguish between three different forms of trust production (process-based, characteristics-based and institution-based) and develop hypotheses regarding their relative effectiveness under low versus high levels of product and performance uncertainty. Using survey data on 392 interorganizational buyer–seller relationships, we find support for our position that a high degree of uncertainty favours process-based trust production, whereas characteristics-based trust production is relatively more effective when uncertainty is low. The effectiveness of institution-based trust production is not significantly affected by uncertainty. We derive implications for organizational trust production under different degrees of uncertainty, which should encourage new research on trust.
Development of an Encryption LSI Resistance Evaluation Platform for Fault Analysis Attacks against the Key Generation Section and Its Evaluation

The algorithm of the advanced encryption standard (AES) has been sufficiently studied to confirm that its decryption is computationally impossible. However, its weakness against fault analysis attacks has been pointed out in recent years. Nonetheless, a method that uses actual large scale integration (LSI) to evaluate resistance against fault analysis attacks has been scarcely reported. This study develops a new resistance evaluation platform for fault analysis attacks against the key generation section of an actual device. Using this platform, the resistance of the actual LSI against fault analysis attacks, which has been uncertain, can be evaluated.
Title: RA-Differentiation Enhances Dopaminergic Features, Changes Redox Parameters and Increases Dopamine Transporter Dependency in 6- Hydroxydopamine-Induced-Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells

Citation for published version (APA): Lopes, F. , da Motta, L. L. , de Bastiani, M. A. , Pfaffenseller, B. , Aguiar, B. W. , de Souza, L. F. , . Klamt, F. (2017). RA Differentiation Enhances Dopaminergic Features, Changes Redox Parameters, and Increases Dopamine Transporter Dependency in 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells. NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-016-9699-0
RESEARCH ARTICLE: SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS AND OXIDATIVE/ANTIOXIDATIVE STATUS IN SEMEN AND SERUM OF MALE RABBITS SUPPLEMENTED WITH ANTIOXIDANTS DURING HEAT STRESS

Ambient temperature is associated with other climatic factors. Relative humidity (RH) seems to be the most important of those factors. The feeling of warmth under hot ambient temperature increases with high relative humidity. Such relationship induced by Lphsi (1990) to propose a measurement of the level of severity of heat stress (HS) by using both factors and was termed temperature–humidity index (THI). In Egypt, the heat stress is aggravated with the high relative humidity, which is normally over 85% during the day Heat stress (HS) often blamed for suboptimal reproductive efficiency and is a worldwide problem, which inflicts heavy economic losses reflected in limiting the breeding season of rabbits to be normally from September to May in northern hemisphere and subtropical regions. The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of summer heat stress and the alleviating effect of some antioxidants on semen characteristics and the serum and seminal plasma oxidative/antioxidative status of New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit bucks. Forty-eight fertile NZW white bucks were randomly divided into six equal groups (n=8), first two groups served as control (summer heat stressed and winter) groups, the others, orally administrated ascorbic acid 40 mg/kg bw/d, zinc methionine 10 mg/kg bw/d, coenzyme Q10 10 mg/kg bw/d and L-carnitine 40 mg/kg bw/d. Blood and semen samples were collected once weekly among experimental period. Routine spermogram was performed. Lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity in both serum and seminal plasma were assayed. The climatic data were continuously recorded among the experimental period and the weekly average temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated. Summer HS adversely affected both qualitative and quantitative traits of spermogram but bucks remain within fertile limit. Thiobarbiric acid reactive substances (TBARS) showed a significant increase while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and catalase showed significant decreases. Contrary to our expectation, selected antioxidants did not restore these parameters to their winter levels. It was concluded that zinc and L-carnitine were found to be the most beneficial antioxidants in the relief of spermogram of HS-induced effects. Serum and seminal plasma oxidative/antioxidant statuses followed an identical pattern in response to heat stress. Taking the current results into consideration, it can be stated that an adequate reproductive performance in NZW rabbit bucks can be achieved in summer and from the scientific point of view, it is not obligatory to stop breeding in summer months.
A Note on Linear Bandits and Confidence Sets

where μ̂a,t is the empirical mean estimate of μa at time t given previous observations, and ĉa,t ≡ ct √ 1/t is an upper confidence bound (with ct controlling the confidence level). One interpretation is that this choice is a good trade-off between exploitation (μ̂a,t) and exploration (ĉa,t). From this setup, we also know with some confidence level that, for each action a ∈ {1, . ,K}, the true mean reward is contained in: μa ∈ Ca,t ≡ [μ̂a,t − ĉa,t, μ̂a,t + ĉa,t], (2)
ROOT-SHOOT ANATOMY AND POST-HARVEST VEGETATIVE CLONAL DEVELOPMENT IN LOPHOPHORA WILLIAMSII (CACTACEAE: CACTEAE): IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION

Over the last four decades, the size and density of populations of Lophophora williamsii (peyote) have diminished markedly in large areas of South Texas where licensed peyote distributors harvest the cactus for ceremonial use by the Native American Church. Part of the problem lies in the fact that some harvesters are cutting plants too low on the subterranean stem or taproot. That practice precludes the regeneration of new stems and ultimately results in the death of the decapitated plants. To address this problem, we describe the anatomical distinctions between subterranean stem and root in L. williamsii as follows: The stem cortex can be distinguished by the cortical bundles running through the parenchyma, in contrast to the root cortex, which consists of pure parenchyma without cortical bundles. The pith at the center of the stem is pure parenchyma (without xylem) and is readily distinguished from the dilatated metaxylem (with masses of dark-staining metaxylem tracheary elements) occupying the center of the root. With these new anatomical tools, it is now possible to set up titration experiments, first in the greenhouse and then in the field, to generate practical biometric data to determine the maximum depth at which the peyote harvesters can cut the plants without significantly reducing the survival rate of the rootstocks left in the ground after harvest.
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Chlorophytum borivilianum (Santp. and Fernan.) Using Molecular Markers: An Endangered Medicinal Plant

Chlorophytum borivilianum is a traditional medicinal plant distributed throughout the trop‐ ics and subtropics. In the present investigation, RAPD and ISSR analyses were used to assess the genetic diversity among 21 accessions collected from different geographical regions of India using 20 RAPD primers and 6 ISSR primers. RAPD and ISSR primers revealed 92.26% and 82.76% polymorphism, respectively. Similarity in coefficient values ranged from 0.321 to 0.707 for RAPD and 0.363 to 0.846 for ISSR markers. The dendro‐ gram developed by RAPD and ISSR marker‐based analysis grouped the 21 accessions into different clusters. Mantel test employed for detection of goodness of fit established the cophenetic correlation value for both the primer systems and it was observed to be significant. Clustering of accessions within groups was also similar based on RAPD‐ and ISSR‐derived dendrograms. In our study, both marker systems were similar except for the percentage polymorphism which was found to be greater using RAPD, thus indicating the greater effectiveness of RAPD primers for estimating genetic variation of C. borivilianum.
Flowing Valued Information and Cyber-Physical Situational Awareness

Abstract : This report asserts that selective sharing of protected information is fundamental to achieving cyber-physical situation awareness. The report summarizes recent results in information sharing based upon information owner declaration of need to share information protection policies. Finally the report provides examples of complex system understanding based on extending previous results for information architecture understanding and comparison to achieve netted, distributed situation awareness.