Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hermeian haloes: Field haloes that interacted with both the Milky Way and M31

The Local Group is a unique environment in which to study the astrophysics of galaxy formation. The proximity of the Milky Way and M31 enhances the frequency of interactions of the low-mass halo population with more massive dark matter haloes, which increases their concentrations and strips them of gas and other material. Some low-mass haloes pass through the haloes of the Milky Way or M31 and are either ejected into the field or exchanged between the two primary hosts. We use high resolution gas-dynamical simulations to describe a new class of field haloes that passed through the haloes of both the Milky Way and M31 at early times and are almost twice as concentrated as field haloes that do not interact with the primary pair. These ‘Hermeian’ haloes are distributed anisotropically at larger distances from the Local Group barycentre than the primary haloes and appear to cluster along the line connecting the Milky Way and M31. Hermeian haloes facilitate the exchange of dark matter, gas, and stars between the Milky Way and M31 and can enhance the star formation rates of the gas in the primary haloes during their interactions with them. We also show that some Hermeian haloes can host galaxies that, because they are embedded in haloes that are more concentrated than regular field haloes, are promising targets for indirect dark matter searches beyond the Milky Way virial radius and can produce signals that are competitive with those of some dwarf galaxies. Hermeian galaxies in the Local Group should be detectable by forthcoming wide-field imaging surveys.
Remote Gait Analysis as a Proxy for Traditional Gait Laboratories: Utilizing Smartphones for Subject-Driven Gait Assessment across Differing Terrains

Gait analysis has applications in medical diagnosis, biometrics, and development of therapeutic rehabilitation interventions (such as orthotics, prosthetics, and exoskeletons). While offering accurate measurements, gait laboratories are expensive, not scalable, and not easily accessible. In a pandemic-afflicted world, where telemedicine is crucial, there is need for subject-driven data remote collection. This study proposed a remote and purely subject-driven procedure for reproducible and scalable collection of real-life gait data. To evaluate the feasibility of our proposed procedure, the spatiotemporal parameters of gait were compared across two real-life terrains using a smartphone application on a focus population of healthy middle-aged individuals. Previous research validated smartphone motion sensors as accurate instruments for gait analysis, but required highly supervised, controlled environments on smaller sample sizes, thereby limiting application in real-life gait analysis. To this end, a custom-designed mobile application was developed to record lower extremity angular velocities on 69 healthy middle-aged adults; factoring in a subject-driven data submission error rate (DSER) of 17.4%, there were 57 usable data sets for analysis. Comparisons of spatiotemporal gait parameters across primary outcome measures on grass versus asphalt revealed significant measurable increases in gait duration (stride time), valley depth (max swing phase), and peak-to-valley (max stance phase to max swing phase). These results demonstrated the feasibility of using smartphones for a remote and fully subject-driven gait data collection. Additionally, our data analysis showed that even in short trials, a physical environmental load has a substantial and measurable effect on the gait of the understudied middle-aged population.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Discrimination Model Based on Metabolomics and Random Forest Decision Tree Algorithm

Constitution refers to the comprehensive and relatively stable characteristics of the genetic or acquired morphological structure, physiological function, and psychological state in the process of human individual life. A special metabolomics data processing method is established to find the unique m/z value of each constitution. Combined with the random forest decision tree algorithm, the discrimination model of 9 constitutions in traditional Chinese medicine is constructed, and the model is verified and tested. The test results show that the classification accuracy of each constitution is higher than 80%, indicating that the model can well identify nine constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine. The classification accuracy is related to the difficulty of distinguishing between constitutions. In a word, this study provides a fast and accurate method to distinguish the constitution of traditional Chinese medicine, provides an objective representation for the classification and judgment of clinical constitution of traditional Chinese medicine, and provides a scientific basis for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.
A spherical motor position detection method based on accurate modeling of wireless power transmission

This paper proposes a position detection method for a multi-to-one wireless power transmission (WPT) system for the first time, and applies it to the position detection of a spherical motor. The traditional contact detection system has high friction resistance and poor rotor positioning accuracy. Although some non-contact measurement systems are not directly connected to the rotor, the structure or calculation of the measurement system is more complicated. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes two structural topologies, which are evenly arranged on the upper part of the rotor and the receiving coil is placed on the rotor shaft. When the motor rotor rotates along the three motion states of yaw, spin and tilt, the receiving and multi-transmitting coils will have an angular offset. The rotor position is obtained by a method of accurately estimating the mutual inductance. This method avoids complicated finite element calculations and saves a lot of time. Finally, the experiment verifies the above analysis and compares the data with the micro electromechanical system (MEMS) three-degree-of-freedom attitude detection method. This work provides insights for the position detection of spherical motors. This method simplifies the previous measurement system and obtains higher positioning accuracy.
Temperature and Pressure Sensor Based on Polished Fiber-Optic Microcavity

A single-optic-fiber temperature and pressure sensor based on a side-polished optical fiber microcavity coated with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film has been proposed and fabricated. This sensor integrates two Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), where the first MZI is formed by path 1 in the inside coating, and the second MZI is constructed by path 1 and path 2 in the waist region. The formation mechanism of the dual MZIs is simulated by using the finite-difference beam propagation method, and the sensitivities of the dual MZIs are predicted by simulations. Experimental results indicate the temperature sensitivity of −1.19 nm/°C for the first MZI and pressure sensitivity of −3.96 nm/MPa for the second MZI, respectively. By monitoring the dual wavelength shifts corresponding to the dual MZIs, temperature and pressure can be simultaneously measured. Due to the good sensitivities, simple fabrication and robust structure, the proposed sensor shows promising potential for optofluidic sensing and ocean detection.
Short-Term Magnesium Therapy Alleviates Moderate Stress in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Patients suffering from fibromyalgia often report stress and pain, with both often refractory to usual drug treatment. Magnesium supplementation seems to improve fibromyalgia symptoms, but the level of evidence is still poor. This study is a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial in fibromyalgia patients that compared once a day oral magnesium 100 mg (Chronomag®, magnesium chloride technology formula) to placebo, for 1 month. The primary endpoint was the level of stress on the DASS-42 scale, and secondary endpoints were pain, sleep, quality of life, fatigue, catastrophism, social vulnerability, and magnesium blood concentrations. After 1 month of treatment, the DASS-42 score decreased in the magnesium and placebo groups but not significantly (21.8 ± 9.6 vs. 21.6 ± 10.8, respectively, p = 0.930). Magnesium supplementation significantly reduced the mild/moderate stress subgroup (DASS-42 stress score: 22.1 ± 2.8 to 12.3 ± 7.0 in magnesium vs. 21.9 ± 11.9 to 22.9 ± 11.9 in placebo, p = 0.003). Pain severity diminished significantly (p = 0.029) with magnesium while the other parameters were not significantly different between both groups. These findings show, for the first time, that magnesium improves mild/moderate stress and reduces the pain experience in fibromyalgia patients. This suggests that daily magnesium could be a useful treatment to improve the burden of disease of fibromyalgia patients and calls for a larger clinical trial.
Part I of II: Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME): Biogas Power Plant

ABSTRACTIndonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world. The palm oil mills process fresh fruit bunches (FBB) and produce two main products: Crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO). The process generates abundant waste water called palm oil mill effluent (POME). The POME is then converted into biogas through a gasification process. The biogas is used to fuel gas engine and generates electricity. This article presents the technical and economic analysis of a biogas power plant in Indonesia. Also, it analyzes waste heat recovery potential from biogas engine.
Vibration control of semi-active suspension system with magnetorheological damper based on hyperbolic tangent model

In this article, the nonlinear damping characteristics of magnetorheological damper are expressed with hyperbolic tangent model to simulate its mechanical experimental results. The fitted hyperbolic tangent model can represent hysteretic behavior for magnetorheological damper exactly. Based on the hyperbolic tangent model, a quarter-car model with magnetorheological damper is established, and a new hybrid fuzzy and fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (HFFPID) controller integrated with hybrid fuzzy control and fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative control is developed to improve the semi-active suspension performance, which can overcome the absence of precise mathematical model. Furthermore, numerical simulations for fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative (PID), hybrid fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative (HFPID), and HFFPID controllers are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. The simulation results show that the body acceleration, suspension deflection, and tyre displacement can be reduced more effectively using HFFPID controller under sinusoidal road excitation. It can be further concluded that the suspension performance is improved more effectively by using HFFPID controller under random road excitation, especially in the peak points.
Use of Passive and Grab Sampling and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Non-Targeted Analysis of Emerging Contaminants and Their Semi-Quantification in Water

Different groups of organic micropollutants including pharmaceuticals and pesticides have emerged in the environment in the last years, resulting in a rise in environmental and human health risks. In order to face up and evaluate these risks, there is an increasing need to assess their occurrence in the environment. Therefore, many studies in the past couple of decades were focused on the improvements in organic micropollutants’ extraction efficiency from the different environmental matrices, as well as their mass spectrometry detection parameters and acquisition modes. This paper presents different sampling methodologies and high-resolution mass spectrometry-based non-target screening workflows for the identification of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and their transformation products in different kinds of water (domestic wastewater and river water). Identification confidence was increased including retention time prediction in the workflow. The applied methodology, using a passive sampling technique, allowed for the identification of 85 and 47 contaminants in the wastewater effluent and river water, respectively. Finally, contaminants’ prioritization was performed through semi-quantification in grab samples as a fundamental step for monitoring schemes.
A Study on the Correlation between the Spatial
and Temporal Distribution of Phytoplankton
Community and Environmental Factors
in Changchun Section of the Yitong River

In years, the Yitong River in Changchun City has been polluted by human activities to a certain extent, and therefore, it is necessary to monitor its water quality. Phytoplankton are sensitive to environmental changes and are an ideal biological indicator for environmental monitoring. This study studied the phytoplankton distribution in eight sampling sites of the Changchun section of the Yitong River from April to September 2019. The aim was to investigate the relationships between phytoplankton community structure’s temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and water quality in the Changchun section of the Yitong River. Environmental factors such as the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), water temperature (WT), ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 -N), chemical oxygen demand (COD Cr ), permanganate index (COD Mn ), and chl-a were measured and assessed. The results identified 161 species of phytoplankton belonging to eight phyla among eight sampling sites of the Changchun section of the Yitong River, including 67 species of Chlorophyta , 11 species of Cyanobacteria, and 51 species of Bacillariophyta . The percentage of Cyanobacteria phytoplankton abundance in the urban area was higher than that in the reservoir and the wet regions. From the temporal perspective, the total phytoplankton density and biomass peaked in summer, with the highest values recorded in June, followed by July. The study showed that TN, TP, and chl-a were the main environmental factors affecting the phytoplankton community structure in the Changchun section of the Yitong River.
Possibilities of using dried mulberry pulp as an additive in alfalfa silage

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dried mulberry (Morus alba) pulp with high water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content on the nutrient substance composition, pH and silage acids of alfalfa silage. The alfalfa used in the study was harvested in the 10% flowering period and ensiled by mixing with dried mulberry pulp at different ratios (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15%). The alfalfa that was ensiled for three months was analyzed at the end of this period, and the values measured for the control and treatment groups were compared. As a result, it was determined that the addition of dried mulberry pulp at different ratios into alfalfa silage was effective on some properties of the silage. In the case of adding mulberry pulp at 5-7.5% into the silage, it was observed that the silage pH decreased, and the lactic acid ratio increased. This positive result shows that in alfalfa silage mulberry pulp may be used as an additive. Hence, it may be stated that it would be suitable to add 5-7.5% mulberry pulp to increase the quality in alfalfa silage.
Huntingtin Co-Isolates with Small Extracellular Vesicles from Blood Plasma of TgHD and KI-HD Pig Models of Huntington’s Disease and Human Blood Plasma

(1) Background: Huntington’s disease (HD) is rare incurable hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by CAG repeat expansion in the gene coding for the protein huntingtin (HTT). Mutated huntingtin (mHTT) undergoes fragmentation and accumulation, affecting cellular functions and leading to neuronal cell death. Porcine models of HD are used in preclinical testing of currently emerging disease modifying therapies. Such therapies are aimed at reducing mHTT expression, postpone the disease onset, slow down the progression, and point out the need of biomarkers to monitor disease development and therapy efficacy. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, gained attention as possible carriers of disease biomarkers. We aimed to characterize HTT and mHTT forms/fragments in blood plasma derived EVs in transgenic (TgHD) and knock-in (KI-HD) porcine models, as well as in HD patients’ plasma. (2) Methods: Small EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and HTT forms were visualized by western blotting. (3) Results: The full length 360 kDa HTT co-isolated with EVs from both the pig model and HD patient plasma. In addition, a ~70 kDa mutant HTT fragment was specific for TgHD pigs. Elevated total huntingtin levels in EVs from plasma of HD groups compared to controls were observed in both pig models and HD patients, however only in TgHD were they significant (p = 0.02). (4) Conclusions: Our study represents a valuable initial step towards the characterization of EV content in the search for HD biomarkers.
Anomalous Diffusion and Surface Effects on the Electric Response of Electrolytic Cells

We propose an anomalous diffusion approach to analyze the electrical impedance response of electrolytic cells using time-fractional derivatives. We establish, in general terms, the conservation laws connected to a modified displacement current entering the fractional approach formulation of the Poisson–Nernst–Planck (PNP) model. In this new formalism, we obtain analytical expressions for the electrical impedance for the case of blocking electrodes and in the presence of general integrodifferential boundary conditions including time-fractional derivatives of distributed order. A conceptual scenario thus emerges aimed at exploring anomalous diffusion and surface effects on the impedance response of the cell to an external stimulus.
Ancient Origins of Cytoskeletal Crosstalk: Spectraplakin-like Proteins Precede the Emergence of Cortical Microtubule Stabilization Complexes as Crosslinkers

Adhesion between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the prerequisites for multicellularity, motility, and tissue specialization. Focal adhesions (FAs) are defined as protein complexes that mediate signals from the ECM to major components of the cytoskeleton (microtubules, actin, and intermediate filaments), and their mutual communication determines a variety of cellular processes. In this study, human cytoskeletal crosstalk proteins were identified by comparing datasets with experimentally determined cytoskeletal proteins. The spectraplakin dystonin was the only protein found in all datasets. Other proteins (FAK, RAC1, septin 9, MISP, and ezrin) were detected at the intersections of FAs, microtubules, and actin cytoskeleton. Homology searches for human crosstalk proteins as queries were performed against a predefined dataset of proteomes. This analysis highlighted the importance of FA communication with the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton, as these crosstalk proteins exhibit the highest degree of evolutionary conservation. Finally, phylogenetic analyses elucidated the early evolutionary history of spectraplakins and cortical microtubule stabilization complexes (CMSCs) as model representatives of the human cytoskeletal crosstalk. While spectraplakins probably arose at the onset of opisthokont evolution, the crosstalk between FAs and microtubules is associated with the emergence of metazoans. The multiprotein complexes contributing to cytoskeletal crosstalk in animals gradually gained in complexity from the onset of metazoan evolution.
The Impact of Dense Breasts on the Stage of Breast Cancer at Diagnosis: A Review and Options for Supplemental Screening

The purpose of breast cancer screening is to find cancers early to reduce mortality and to allow successful treatment with less aggressive therapy. Mammography is the gold standard for breast cancer screening. Its efficacy in reducing mortality from breast cancer was proven in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted from the early 1960s to the mid 1990s. Panels that recommend breast cancer screening guidelines have traditionally relied on the old RCTs, which did not include considerations of breast density, race/ethnicity, current hormone therapy, and other risk factors. Women do not all benefit equally from mammography. Mortality reduction is significantly lower in women with dense breasts because normal dense tissue can mask cancers on mammograms. Moreover, women with dense breasts are known to be at increased risk. To provide equity, breast cancer screening guidelines should be created with the goal of maximizing mortality reduction and allowing less aggressive therapy, which may include decreasing the interval between screening mammograms and recommending consideration of supplemental screening for women with dense breasts. This review will address the issue of dense breasts and the impact on the stage of breast cancer at the time of diagnosis, and discuss options for supplemental screening.
Citrus unshiu Peel Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice due to Modulation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway and MAPK and NF-κB

Aim Citrus unshiu peel has been used to treat various diseases in traditional East Asian medicine including Korea, and many studies have been reported regarding inflammatory diseases including ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the underlying mechanism by which Citrus unshiu peel modulates inflammation in UC remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of Citrus unshiu peel water extract (CUP) for UC. Methods The experiment for UC was conducted with 8-week-old male Balb/c mice. After 1 week of adaptation, acute colitis was induced in all groups except the normal group by 5% DSS dissolved in drinking water for 1 week. Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 8/group): control group (Control), distilled water-treated group (DSS), 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine-treated group (SASP), 100 mg/kg CUP-treated group (CUPL), and 200 mg/kg CUP-treated group (CUPH). The efficacy of CUP on UC was evaluated by biochemical analyses such as ROS and MPO in serum and MDA in tissues, and expression of proteins related to inflammation and apoptosis was evaluated through Western blot. Results As a result of confirming the macroscopic changes and H&E staining in colon tissues to confirm the preventive and therapeutic effects of CU, decrease in colon length and inflammatory lesions were inhibited in the CUP-treated group compared to the DSS group. In addition, as a result of serum ROS and tissue MDA analysis and oxidative stress-related protein analysis, it was significantly decreased in the CUP-administered group compared to the control group. In addition, treatment with CUP not only inactivated MAPK, p-IκBα, and NF-κBp65 by blocking the PI3K/Akt pathway but also significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion These results show that CUP not only suppresses oxidative stress in UC but also regulates inflammation-related proteins and apoptotic proteins by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that it has the potential as a material for developing new natural therapeutic agents for UC.
Construction on Teaching Quality Evaluation Index System of College Physical Education Teacher

The construction of teaching quality evaluation system of college physical education teachers is the important part of college reaching quality monitoring and evaluation. Therefore,it plays an important role for ensuring a steady and physical education and improving the quality in establishment of a standardized,scientific,practical teaching of physical education quality evaluation system. AHP method used to establish the quality of teaching physical education teacher index system,and carry out its weight distribution,so as to provide a scientific basis for building a college physical education teacher quality evaluation system.