Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Intrinsic Job Satisfaction and Extrinsic Job Satisfaction on Product Innovation : A Case of Iraqi Public Universities

Higher education sector of any country acts as a backbone for that country as it provides skilled human resource. Job satisfaction play important role in stimulation of creativity among employees and establishment of innovative environment in organization. The higher education in Iraq faces many challenges, such as employee morale, brain drain in the sector, ranking of universities in the world. In academic context, the academic satisfaction has a critical role in achieving success. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the influence of Job satisfaction on innovation in higher education in Iraq. The quantitative data was collected through survey instrument. The population for this study consisted of academic staff in 10 public universities distributed throughout Iraq. The sample consists of 280 academic staff members selected through random sampling technique. The results found that there are significant strong relationships between the academic satisfaction (intrinsic job satisfaction, extrinsic job satisfaction) and the product innovation. Thus, the study contributes to the existing pool of knowledge on the empirical impact of job satisfaction on innovation. Different aspects of these variables were tested, so as to provide a wider and more comprehensive lead to understanding of the factors or elements that affect public universities in Iraqi higher education.
Capacity Analysis of Radio Frequency Interconnect for Manycore Processor Chips

We study here the case of a 2048 cores chip, where cores are spread into 32 tilesets of 16 tiles containing 4 cores each. Each of the 32 tilesets has a RF access point to the serpentine transmission line across the chip. Inside tilesets, a 2-D mesh is used between the 16 tiles where a crossbar switch joints 4 cores, one RAM block and one DMA unit. Total 1 Terabytes memory is physically distributed into all tiles but logically shared between all cores and managed by a distributed hybrid cache coherency protocol (DHCCP). From the RFNoC point of view, a 20 GHz bandwidth between 20 and 40 GHz is shared into 1024 carriers between all 32 RF access nodes. The novelty of our work is that we have derived, in previous publications, algorithms able to dynamically share the RF resources between the 32 nodes. It has been stated by simulations that the channel transfer function is flat in the 20-40 GHz frequency band and just depends on the distance between nodes. The scope of this paper is to make a capacity analysis on the different links between nodes and to derive mean capacity evaluation of the RF NoC. We state that only -42 dBm of transmission power on the RF line is necessary to reach a 6 bits/s/Hz spectral efficiency.
Physiological responses of transgenic tobacco plants expressing the dehydration-responsive RD22 gene of Vitis vinifera to salt stress

Salinity is one of the most common environmental stresses affecting grapevine productivity. In order to analyze the contribution of the dehydration-responsive RD22 gene of Vitis vinifera L. (VvRD22) to salt tolerance improvement, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in the tobacco model plant (Nicotiana benthamiana) was carried out and transgenic lines were subjected to in vitro and ex vitro salt treatments for physiological response evaluation. Under in vitro salt stress, the transgenic lines exhibited higher seed germination and growth than the wild type (WT). The ex vitro assays after salt treatment showed better growth and higher chlorophyll content in VvRD22-expressing plants than in the WT. Ion analysis revealed less increase in the levels of sodium (Na+) in leaves and chloride (Cl-) in all organs within the transgenic lines compared to the WT. Interestingly, stabilized calcium (Ca2+) contents were registered in the leaves of transgenic lines. Moreover, the occurrence of an osmotic adjustment based on an overproduction of total soluble sugars was observed within the transgenic lines. These physiological responses suggest that the protective effect of VvRD22 transgenic expression is enabling other physiological mechanisms to function and subsequently contributing to the ability to cope with salt stress. The VvRD22 transgenic expression would be useful in engineering salt stress-tolerant grapevines.
Indirect effect of environmental factors on interactions between microbial and classical food webs in freshwater ecosystems

The role of environmental factors in aquatic ecosystems results from basic lake characteristics, human disturbances (‘cultural eutrophication’) and climate-related trends in the physical and chemical components of lakes. Although the influence of environmental factors on the abundance of aquatic animals is fairly well documented, less has been done to research their influence on food web interactions. The aim of the study was to evaluate microbial and classical food webs in lakes, with special emphasis placed on the role of environmental factors as influencing strengths. Variation partitioning, based on redundancy analysis, revealed that environmental factors played the most important role in structuring aquatic communities by accounting for 87.5% of their variation. Among all the factors measured, total solids (TS), transparency (Secchi disc) and temperature were most closely related to the variation in trophic communities. The analyses of food web interactions under low and high levels of those factors revealed that they differently influenced strengths among food web components. The strongest relations among distinct trophic levels were found under conditions of low TS, the lowest number of relations was found under conditions of low temperature. Only in low TS did bacteria correlate significantly with biogenes. Under high TS, bacteria positively influenced plenty of higher trophic levels. Top-down control was observed under conditions of high temperature. Conditions of low and high transparency did not diversify food web interactions. The obtained results can broaden our knowledge of the response of food webs to environmental factors in advanced stages of global eutrophication of water bodies and in the early stage of projected trends of global climate change.
Ultrasound Assisted Single Screw Extrusion Process for Dispersion of Carbon Nanofibers in Polymers

Abstract A novel method for the continuous dispersion of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in a polymer matrix for manufacturing high performance nanocomposites was developed using an ultrasonically assisted single screw extrusion process. The effect of ultrasound on die pressure, electrical and thermal conductivity, rheological, morphological and mechanical properties of polyetherimide (PEI) filled with 1 to 20 wt. % CNFs was studied. A reduction in the die pressure and percolation threshold of CNF/PEI nanocomposites with a permanent increase in the viscosity and a permanent decrease in tan δ was achieved through ultrasonic treatment. Morphological studies of the treated nanocomposites revealed their improved homogeneity leading to an increase of the Young's modulus and electrical and thermal conductivity.
Segmentation model based on convolutional neural networks for extracting vegetation from Gaofen-2 images

Abstract. Convolutional neural network (CNN) models achieve state-of-the-art performance for natural image semantic segmentation. An approach for extracting vegetation from Gaofen-2 (GF-2) remote sensing imagery based on the CNN model is presented. We constructed a convolutional encoder neural networks (CENN) consisting of two layers. The first layer has two sets of convolutional kernels for extracting the features of farmland and woodland, respectively. The second layer consists of two encoders that use nonlinear functions to encode the learned features and map the encoding results to the corresponding category number. In the training stage, samples of farmland, woodland, and other lands are categorically used to train the CENN. After training is accomplished, the CENN would acquire enough ability to accurately extract farmland and woodland from GF-2 imagery. The CENN was trained on 36 GF-2 images and tested on three other GF-2 images. We compared the proposed method to a deep belief network, a fully convolutional network, and a DeepLab model using the same images. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach improves upon the accuracy of existing approaches. The average precision, recall, and kappa coefficient of the proposed approach were 0.91, 0.87, and 0.86, respectively. Thus, the proposed approach is proven to effectively extract vegetation from GF-2 imagery.
Bank Regulations and Loan Contracts

This study examines empirically how bank regulations adopted in lender countries influence the characteristics of loan contracts, using a sample of 46,453 loans made by 278 large commercial banks around 39 countries, to borrowers in 83 countries, in the period from 1998 to 2006. Our findings indicate that the stringency of capital regulations have an inverse U-shaped relationship with priced risk characteristics (spread and maturity) of loan contracts. In addition, more powerful official supervision is associated with riskier loan contracts. Both official supervisory power and private monitoring work as substitutes to capital regulation to reduce the (priced) risk measures of loan contracts when capital stringency is low. For higher capital stringency, supervision and private monitoring complement capital regulation in reducing loan contracts risk measures. Finally, we found that a country’s degrees of legal enforcement and bank industry competition complement capital and private monitoring regulations to improve risk characteristics of loan contracts. The evidence highlights the importance of how bank lending practices are affected by bank regulations and their interactions with themselves and other institutional country factors.
Central schemes and systems of conservation laws with discontinuous coe % cients modeling gravity separation of polydisperse suspensions

In this paper, two existing one-dimensional mathematical models, one for continuous sedimentation of monodisperse suspensions and one for settling of polydisperse suspensions, are combined into a model of continuous separation of polydisperse mixtures. This model can be written as a 5rst-order system of conservation laws for the local concentrations of each particle species with a 6ux vector that depends discontinuously on the space variable. This application motivates the extension of the Kurganov–Tadmor central di7erence scheme to systems with discontinuous 6ux. The new central schemes are based on discretizing an enlarged system in which the discontinuous coe%cients are viewed as additional conservation laws. These additional conservation laws can either be discretized and the evolution of the discontinuity parameters is calculated in each time step, or solved exactly, that is, the discontinuity parameters are kept constant (with respect to time). Numerical examples and an L1 error study show that the Kurganov–Tadmor scheme with 5rst-order in time discretization produces spurious oscillations, whereas its semi-discrete version, discretized by a second-order Runge–Kutta scheme, produces good results. The scheme with discontinuity parameters kept constant is slightly more accurate than when these are evolved. Numerical examples illustrate the application to separation of polydisperse suspensions. c © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Analysis of Beam Openings Strengthened by Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ( CFRP ) Using ANSYS

In the construction of modern buildings, many pipes and ducts are necessary to accommodate essential services like water supply, sewage, air-conditioning, electricity, telephone, and computer network. Usually, these pipes and ducts are placed underneath the soffit of the beam. The depth of ducts or pipes may range from a couple of centimetres to as much as half a meter. The presence of the opening leads to reduction in stiffness, cracking, excessive deflection and reduction in the strength of the beam. By wrapping Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets, retrofitting of concrete structures provide a more economical and technically superior alternative to the traditional techniques in many situations because it offers high strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, high fatigue resistance, easy and rapid installation and minimal change in structural geometry. In this paper, the behaviour of RCC beam with square opening in shear zone strengthened by CFRP sheets were studied. This paper is to investigate the three different CFRP techniques and which will more effective were analysed by ANSYS 15. In this, four beams were modelled, one beam with opening in shear zone is considered as control beam. The remaining three beams were strengthened by CFRP techniques that is inside the opening, around the opening and both inside and around the opening. For each loading case, deflection corresponding to different load values can be tabulated and compared. Also crack pattern is obtained for different CFRP techniques and will analysed. Among all these techniques, it can be concluded that the strengthening with CFRP both around and inside the opening was found more effective and improving the load carrying capacity about three times greater than control beam.
Detection of Distributed Denial of Service Attack

: Availability is one of the three main objectives of computer security, along with confidentiality and integrity. Availability can be defined as the ability to use the information or resource desired. Denial of service attack is a most popular attack which effect the availability. In our research we mainly focus on the analyzing two denial of service attacks specially gray hole attack and black hole attack. Wireless networks mainly consist of both mesh clients and mesh routers. We constrain our analysis to mesh routers which are static. We have accept both black hole attack and gray hole attack in mesh routers and analysis the network without and with the presence of attack routers. We examines the delivery ratio of packets and observe how the network is affecting in the existence of an attack router by simulating the scenario with AODV protocol. By keeping the history of number packets transmitted and the number of packets received the algorithm defines the number of packets dropped and defines the probability of attack. We test our algorithm in the existence of an attack router and identify the attack router.
Serum Chemerin Level: Does It Have a Role in Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy

Background: Diabetic nephropathy has become the leading cause of end-stage renal failure in Europe, the United States and Japan (25-44%). Chemerin is a chemoattractant expressed in white adipose, liver and lung tissues. Chemerin is shown to be associated with inflammation which is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of the present work is to estimate serum chemerin level and to correlate its level in the patients with the stage of the diabetic nephropathy disease. Patients and Methods: The present study included 60 subjects who were divided into 4 groups Group I: included 15 diabetic patients with norm albuminuria Group II: included 15 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria Group III: included 15 diabetic patients with macroalbuminuria Group IV: included 15 normal subjects as a control group. All patients and controls were subjected to estimation of body mass index. Blood urea, serum creatinine and estimated GFR, Urinary albumin to urinary creatinine ratio, complete lipid profile (LDL, HDL, TG) and Serum chemerin level by ELIZA. Results: Serum chemerin level was higher in diabetic than non-diabetic persons and was higher in patients with macroalbuminuria than those with normo and microalbuminuria and its level is correlated with markers of impaired renal function. Conclusion: chemerin could have a role in progression of diabetic nephropathy or its level could be elevated due to impaired renal excretion which should be further investigated.
Multi-Perspective Process Model Discovery for Robotic Process Automation

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a novel approach for immediate cost reduction and gaining operational efficiency. RPA tools can automate repeatable tasks, thus reducing the error rates and increasing overall process performance. Even more, RPA improves the quality of the data (data completeness, data consistency/correctness, etc.). Although, being widely used in many organizations, RPA suffers from high time consumption allocated to the training of software robots (bots for short). Moreover, the models used for training are often inaccurate, which leads to increase of time spent on testing the bots. One of the possible solutions is to apply process mining in order to extract the information about the processes from UI logs such as clickstreams and keylogs, which can then be used to train the bots. However, traditional process discovery techniques are not suitable for the purpose of RPA, as they discover only control-flow perspective of the process and cannot deal well with the UI logs, producing huge and complex models. The proposed research project aims at shifting process mining techniques from working on event logs to working on UI logs as well as developing multi-perspective automated discovery technique, which can then be applied to train the RPA bots.
Contributive Injustice and Unequal Division of Labour in the Voluntary Sector

This article examines how the unequal division of unpaid labour within voluntary organisations can produce contributive injustice. Contributive injustice occurs when people are denied the opportunity to have meaningful work and the recognition associated with it. The unequal social division of labour affects people’s opportunities to access complex and routine tasks, shaping their capacity to develop their own abilities, respect, and self-esteem, and hence the meaningfulness of their work. The study uses the moral economy of labour perspective to understand and evaluate how the unequal division of labour can shape people’s capabilities and well-being. While the article is sympathetic to Eliasoph’s symbolic interactionist approach to volunteering, which seeks to focus on the quality of civic engagement and public dialogue, it reveals this framework to have some shortcomings. This empirical study is based upon an analysis of 41 participants’ volunteering activities.
Optimizing Correlation Techniques for Improved Earthquake Location

Earthquake location using relative arrival time measurements can lead to dramatically reduced location errors and a view of fault-zone processes with un- precedented detail. There are two principal reasons why this approach reduces lo- cation errors. The first is that the use of differenced arrival times to solve for the vector separation of earthquakes removes from the earthquake location problem much of the error due to unmodeled velocity structure. The second reason, on which we focus in this article, is that waveform cross correlation can substantially reduce measurement error. While cross correlation has long been used to determine relative arrival times with subsample precision, we extend correlation measurements to less similar waveforms, and we introduce a general quantitative means to assess when correlation data provide an improvement over catalog phase picks. We apply the technique to local earthquake data from the Calaveras Fault in northern California. Tests for an example streak of 243 earthquakes demonstrate that relative arrival times with normalized cross correlation coefficients as low as 70%, interevent separation distances as large as to 2 km, and magnitudes up to 3.5 as recorded on the Northern California Seismic Network are more precise than relative arrival times determined from catalog phase data. Also discussed are improvements made to the correlation technique itself. We find that for large time offsets, our implementation of time- domain cross correlation is often more robust and that it recovers more observations than the cross spectral approach. Longer time windows give better results than shorter ones. Finally, we explain how thresholds and empirical weighting functions may be derived to optimize the location procedure for any given region of interest, taking advantage of the respective strengths of diverse correlation and catalog phase data on different length scales.
Cross-Docking Operations for Supply Chain Logistics in JIT Production and Distribution Systems

The multi-level production problem is one of the challenging research areas in supply chain management. We present brief literature review and mathematical models of multi-level just-in-time sequencing problem with a view of cross-docking approach for supply chain logistics. Describing cross-docking operations, we propose a mathematical model for the cross-docking supply chain logistics problem to minimize the operation time as truck sequencing problem. We establish a proposition as the synthesis of the production and logistics. Key Words : Just-in-time; Supply chain; Logistics; Cross-dock; Operation time DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/jie.v8i1-2.5114 Journal of the Institute of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 1&2, 2010/2011 Page: 219-230 Uploaded Date : 20 July, 2011
Flood Rescue: A Gender-Inclusive Integrated STEM Curriculum Unit

As national reform documents and movements in the United States, such as Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS Lead States, 2013), push K-12 educators to begin to include engineering and integration of the STEM disciplines, there is a need to create curricula that meet a multitude of different standards. Additionally, there is a need to engage a more diverse population of students to pursue STEM careers. The 6 th grade curriculum presented here focuses on an example of a teacher-created integrated STEM curriculum that combines girl-friendly instructional strategies (Haussler et al., 1998; Newbill & Cennamo, 2008) with an integrated STEM framework (Moore et al., 2014). An engineering design challenge that asks students to create a prototype of a watercraft used by the National Guard to rescue people during floods engages students in learning various physics concepts (forces, buoyancy, volume, and maximum capacity). In this article, we describe the lessons of the unit with respect to the frameworks, as well as key areas that particularly impacted 6 th grade girls and boys.
Products and kinetics of the reactions of an alkane monolayer and a terminal alkene monolayer with NO3 radicals.

The reactions of an alkanethiol and a terminal alkenethiol self-assembled monolayer with NO₃ radicals (in the presence of NO₂ and O₂) were studied. For the alkane monolayer, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) confirmed the formation of organonitrates (RONO₂). The observation of organonitrates is in contrast to the recent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data, which showed very little nitrogen-containing surface species. The identification of organonitrates may help explain why significant volatilization of the organic chain was not observed in recent studies of alkane monolayer oxidation by NO₃ radicals. The reactive uptake coefficient (g) of NO₃ on alkene monolayers determined in our study is higher than the values obtained in a recent study using liquid and solid alkene bulk films. A possible reason for this difference may be the location of the double bond at the interface. Using the g value determined in our studies, we show that under conditions where NO₃ is high the lifetime of an alkene monolayer in the atmosphere may be short (approximately 20 min). XPS, IR, and ToF-SIMS were used to identify surface functional groups after the oxidation of the alkene monolayers by NO₃. The results are consistent with the formation ofmore » C-O, aldehyde/ketone, carboxylic groups, and nitrogen containing species. « less