Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical, safety, and environmental data for current and alternative refrigerants.

This paper summarizes key physical, safety, and environmental data for refrigerants including those widely used historically, in common use today, and under consideration for future use. The text outlines the progression through successive generations of refrigerants. Two tables, one sorted by standard designations to facilitate location of specific refrigerants and the second sorted by normal boiling points, present data for 284 refrigerants, many of them blends. The paper explains the tabulated parameters and identifies the data sources used. Additional tables contrast the latest scientific data with corresponding regulatory values. The authors have published similar summaries in the past, on approximately a four-year cycle, to support international assessments and other studies. The successive updates accommodate both new fluids and new or refined data. This version adds approximately 100 refrigerants, among them unsaturated fluorochemicals even though not yet in use except for testing by component and equipment manufacturers.
Chapter 3 Standards in Healthcare Data

Our industrialised societies are heavily dependent on standards. That we can safely assume that electric plugs of a certain kind, independently of their manufacturer, fit into certain sockets of certain types and not into sockets of other types is just one example how manufacturing is guided by standards. The benefit is obvious: complex technical artefacts can be assembled out of smaller components. Conformance to standards facilitates their exchange and substitutability, creates independence from manufacturers, eases competition and generates interoperability across borders. Standardisation of commodities and consumer goods makes them more easy to compare, to categorise and, consequently, to trade. In addition, compliance to safety standards will increase trust in the safe operation of components under predefined conditions. The authors of this chapter argue that standardisation is equally required for data in general and clinical data in particular, for which safety, exchangeability and interoperability is a superior aim, in particular with regard to the emerging field of data science. There are many definitions of standards. Our approach is pragmatic and committed to the view that standards are information artefacts developed in communitydriven consensus processes that specify uniform features, criteria, methods, processes and
Effect of Gamma Irradiatoin on Chlorophyll Metabolism in Dolichos, Vigna and Phaseolus species1

The effect of gamma irradiation on chlorophyll metabolism was studied in leaves of Dolichos, Vigna and Phaseolus species. The dry seeds were exposed to 1.25KR, 2.5 KR, 5.0KR, 10.0KR and 15.0KR doses of gamma irradiation and leaves from plants recovered from them as well as from control plants were tested for Chi. a, Chi. b and total chlorophyll contents. A comparison was made between chlorophyll contents of leaves from irradiated and non-irradiated populations. Chlorophyll content decreased at lower doses and incerased at higher doses in Dolichos lablab L. , Vigna unguiculata L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. But in D. biflorus and P. lunatus L. var. PI irradiation increased the chlorophyll content at all dose levels. In contrast the variety EC of P. lunatus L. recorded a decrease in chloro phyll content at all dose levels. The amount of chlorophyll b was more than that of chlorophyll a in all the plants investigated.
Numerical study of outdoor ventilation efficiency of simplified urban configurations with equal and unequal street widths

Disclaimer This document contains a student thesis (bachelor's or master's), as authored by a student at Eindhoven University of Technology. Student theses are made available in the TU/e repository upon obtaining the required degree. The grade received is not published on the document as presented in the repository. The required complexity or quality of research of student theses may vary by program, and the required minimum study period may vary in duration.
Evaluation of In vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effect of Methanol Extract from Aerial parts of Myristica beddomei King ssp. ustulata

Plants are traditionally used for pharmacological activities because of its ability to produce bioactive compounds. Myristica beddomei King ssp. ustulata W.J. de Wilde is an ethnomedicinal plant, and it is seen in South Western Ghats of Kerala, India. The present study assessed the phenolic content, flavonoid concentration, in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effect of different parts of Myristica beddomei King. The total phenolic contents in the extracts ranged from 96.29 (pericarp) to 314.47 (bark) mg g -1 gallic acid equivalent. The concentration of flavonoids in different plant part extracts ranged from 1.81 to 2.76 mg g -1 equivalent to quercetin. All the parts exhibited potential antioxidant activity with an IC 50 value of 2.87 to 9.67 μg mL -1 when compared to the 2 μg mL -1 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hidrasil (DPPH) method. Bark showed the highest activity in terms of DPPH radical scavenging (IC 50 value of 2.87 µg mL -1 ), phosphomolybdenum test (2261.33 ± 1.65 mg g -1 trolox equivalent) and ferric ion reducing 0.28 μmol Fe 2+ μg -1 ) antioxidant activity. The in vitro screening results revealed that the seeds exhibited promising anticancer activity compared to PA1 (ovarian cancer) cells (50% inhibition) were observed at a concentration of 100.68 µg mL -1 . In cytotoxicity test L929 (fibroblast) cell line compared to the other parts pericarp, mace and seed needed higher concentration (>240 µg mL -1 ) for LC 50 value. It is a promising plant for further development of antioxidant agent as it got high content of phenolic compounds and potential antioxidant and anticancer activity.
Quantification of priming and CO2 emission sources following the application of different slurry particle size fractions to a grassland soil

The highest emissions of CO2 from soils and most pronounced priming effect (PE) from soils generally occur immediately after slurry application. However, the influence of different particle size slurry fractions on net soil C respiration dynamics and PE has not been studied. Therefore, a slurry separation technique based on particle sizes was used in the present study. Six distinct fractions (42000, 425–2000, 250–425, 150–250, 45–150, o45mm) were generated from two dairy slurries (one from cows fed a predominantly maize silage diet and the other from cows fed a grass silage diet) were applied to soil. During the first days of the 332 days experiment, all slurry fraction amendments significantly increased soil CO2 effluxes (by 2–8 times) compared to the non-amended control. The increased CO2 emission rates had a negative relationship with slurry particle size, but its duration was positively correlated with slurry particle size. The percentage of the cumulative CO2 emitted was only higher in the first 8 days in the finest slurry particle sizes (o150 mm). The proportion of slurry-derived C emitted as CO2 2 h after addition to soil varied between 29% and 100% of total emitted CO2-C. Generally, the proportion of slurry-derived C emitted initially decreased rapidly in the o250 mm fractions, but decreased more slowly or even increased in the4250mm fractions. The overall contribution of slurry C to total CO2 emissions was higher in smaller slurry particle size treatments in the first days after application. The addition of the various slurry fractions to soil caused both significant positive and negative PEs on the soil organic matter mineralization. The timing and type (positive or negative) of PE depended on the slurry particle size. Clearly, farm based separation pre-treatment leading to two or more fractions with different particle sizes has also the potential to reduce or modify short-term CO2 emissions immediately after slurry application to soil. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Changing Agendas on Sleep, Treatment and Learning in Epilepsy (CASTLE) Sleep-E: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial comparing an online behavioural sleep intervention with standard care in children with Rolandic epilepsy

Introduction Sleep and epilepsy have an established bidirectional relationship yet only one randomised controlled clinical trial has assessed the effectiveness of behavioural sleep interventions for children with epilepsy. The intervention was successful, but was delivered via face-to-face educational sessions with parents, which are costly and non-scalable to population level. The Changing Agendas on Sleep, Treatment and Learning in Epilepsy (CASTLE) Sleep-E trial addresses this problem by comparing clinical and cost-effectiveness in children with Rolandic epilepsy between standard care (SC) and SC augmented with a novel, tailored parent-led CASTLE Online Sleep Intervention (COSI) that incorporates evidence-based behavioural components. Methods and analyses CASTLE Sleep-E is a UK-based, multicentre, open-label, active concurrent control, randomised, parallel-group, pragmatic superiority trial. A total of 110 children with Rolandic epilepsy will be recruited in outpatient clinics and allocated 1:1 to SC or SC augmented with COSI (SC+COSI). Primary clinical outcome is parent-reported sleep problem score (Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire). Primary health economic outcome is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (National Health Service and Personal Social Services perspective, Child Health Utility 9D Instrument). Parents and children (≥7 years) can opt into qualitative interviews and activities to share their experiences and perceptions of trial participation and managing sleep with Rolandic epilepsy. Ethics and dissemination The CASTLE Sleep-E protocol was approved by the Health Research Authority East Midlands (HRA)–Nottingham 1 Research Ethics Committee (reference: 21/EM/0205). Trial results will be disseminated to scientific audiences, families, professional groups, managers, commissioners and policymakers. Pseudo-anonymised individual patient data will be made available after dissemination on reasonable request. Trial registration number ISRCTN13202325.
Integrating Research and Pedagogy: An Exploratory Practice approach 1. Introduction Exploratory Practice (EP) is a form of fully inclusive practitioner research

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Oyunlaştırma Özelliklerinin Marka Sadakati Üzerine Etkisi Gamification Characteristics' Effects On Brand Loyalty

: Gamification is a research subject emerging in the areas of education, business management, marketing, public relations, health, sustainability, computer science, and tourism. Gamification practices are researched within brand management context, especially in brand loyalty context. However, literature is missing the link between gamification and brand loyalty. In this study, gamification characteristics and proneness to brand loyalty are researched to enlighten the relationship. To test this relationship in the research model, attitudinal perceptions of a sample of 376 university students are researched using structural equation modeling. Results suggest that not all gamification characteristics effects brand loyalty, but only one. Brand managers can benefit from the statistically significant gamification characteristics and brand loyalty relationship, as well as not significant relationships. The findings of this study can permit future studies researching the link between gamification and brand loyalty.
Hb F Levels in β-Thalassemia Carriers and Normal Individuals: Known and Unknown Quantitative Trait Loci in the β-Globin Gene Cluster

Abstract In the already identified quantitative trait loci (QTL), modulating Hb F levels are cis-acting haplotypes of the β-globin gene cluster itself, although the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) accounting more for the association, remain uncertain. In this study, the role in Hb F production of previously reported candidate SNPs within the β-globin gene cluster was reexamined, along with a yet poorly studied variation in the BGLT3 gene. In a sample of β-thalassemia (β-thal) carriers, we succeeded in replicating the significant association between increased Hb F levels and rs7482144 (C>T) (HBG2 XmnI), which is the most well-established variation in the cluster influencing the trait. This SNP was found to be in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with a variation in the HBBP1 gene [rs10128556 (G>A)], which consistently revealed a similar association signal. Remarkably, much stronger than the latter associations were those involving both rs968857 (T allele) (3' HBBP1) and rs7924684 (G allele) (BGLT3), two SNPs that were also in strong LD. As the pattern of LD detected in the β-globin gene cluster does not correlate with a tight linkage between markers, complex interactions between SNPs at the cluster seem to modulate Hb F. Seeing that no such associations were detected in normal subjects, the question can be raised on whether, under erythropoiesis stress, epigenetic mechanisms contribute to change the regulation of the entire β-globin gene cluster. In conclusion, we provide statistical evidence for a new player within the β-globin gene cluster, BGLT3, that in cooperation with other regions influences Hb F levels in β-thal carriers.
Development of a nested real time PCR/high resolution melting assay for human T‐cell lymphotropic viruses types 1 and 2 (HTLV‐1 and 2) identification

HTLV‐1 and HTLV‐2 are present in different high‐risk populations, such as sexual workers and injecting drug users (IDUs). HTLV‐1 is endemic in areas of Middle East, Southern Japan and Latin America, whereas HTLV‐2 infection is endemic among some Native Americans and some Central African tribes. The pathogenic consequences and clinical manifestations of these two viruses differ significantly, demanding an adequate identification; therefore, proper diagnosis of HTLV‐1 and 2 infection is crucial. To get a final diagnosis of HTLV‐1 or 2 infection, it is recommended that positive serologic samples should be confirmed by PCR assays or western blot (WB) analysis. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and implement a simple reaction for the rapid identification of HTLV‐1 and 2. Nested real‐time PCR technique followed by high resolution melting was performed based on the tax/rex sequences of HTLV‐1 (M2) and HTLV‐2 (MoT) cell lines perfectly discriminating between HTLV‐1 from HTLV‐2, by distinct melting curve profiles. The sensitivity assay of this method revealed that at least 1 viral copy of HTLV‐1 or 1·5 viral copy of HTLV‐2 could be amplified. Later, this method was validated using 200 blood samples from corpses. In agreement with previous epidemiological, the HTLV‐1 and 2 prevalence was 1·5% (CI 95%: 0·31–4·3) and 0·5% (CI 95%: 0·013–2·75), respectively. The strategy proposed herein has some advantages over other PCR‐based tests because it not only reduces considerably time and the costs of the total diagnosis but also allows detection and discrimination of HTLV‐1 and 2 in the same reaction.
Unique dynamic profiles of social attention in autistic females

Background Social attention affords learning opportunities across development and may contribute to individual differences in developmental trajectories, such as between male and female individuals, and in neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism. Methods Using eye‐tracking, we measured social attention in a large cohort of autistic (n = 123) and nonautistic females (n = 107), and autistic (n = 330) and nonautistic males (n = 204), aged 6–30 years. Using mixed Growth Curve Analysis, we modelled sex and diagnostic effects on the temporal dynamics of proportional looking time to three types of social stimuli (lean‐static, naturalistic‐static, and naturalistic‐dynamic) and examined the link between individual differences and dimensional social and nonsocial autistic traits in autistic females and males. Results In the lean‐static stimulus, average face‐looking was higher in females than in males of both autistic and nonautistic groups. Differences in the dynamic pattern of face‐looking were seen in autistic vs. nonautistic females, but not males, with face‐looking peaking later in the trial in autistic females. In the naturalistic‐dynamic stimulus, average face‐looking was higher in females than in males of both groups; changes in the dynamic pattern of face looking were seen in autistic vs. nonautistic males, but not in females, with a steeper peak in nonautistic males. Lower average face‐looking was associated with higher observer‐measured autistic characteristics in autistic females, but not in males. Conclusions Overall, we found stronger social attention in females to a similar degree in both autistic and nonautistic groups. Nonetheless, the dynamic profiles of social attention differed in different ways in autistic females and males compared to their nonautistic peers, and autistic traits predicted trends of average face‐looking in autistic females. These findings support the role of social attention in the emergence of sex‐related differences in autistic characteristics, suggesting an avenue to phenotypic stratification.
Ascorbic acid and hydrocortisone synergistically inhibit septic organ injury via improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation

Abstract Background The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the combination of ascorbic acid (AscA) and hydrocortisone (Hyd) on septic organ injury and its potential mechanism. Method Sepsis was induced in mice by a single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharides. Results AscA and Hyd combined showed more effective protection of the injured liver and kidney in septic mice by decreasing alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine and ameliorating pathological manifestations than Hyd or AscA alone. AscA showed a mild inhibitory effect on the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)). However, Hyd showed a weak regulatory effect on septic oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)). However, the combination of AscA and Hyd showed a more powerful inhibitory effect on the septic inflammatory response and oxidative stress than Hyd or AscA alone by decreasing TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and regulating MDA, SOD, and GSH. In an in vitro study, cotreatment of RAW 264.7 macrophages with Hyd and AscA sharply reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and synergistically inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 secretion, which could be abolished by additional stimulation with the ROS donor 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP). As expected, cotreatment of macrophages with Hyd and AscA synergistically inhibited the activation of p38 MAPK and p-p65, and the effect could be reversed by additional stimulation with 3-NP. Conclusions AscA and Hyd synergistically protect the kidney and liver from injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. The powerful inhibitory effects of AscA on oxidative stress contribute to the synergistic anti-inflammatory action.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Diabetes Strengths and Resilience Measure for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Objective: Resilience in diabetes refers to the capacity overcome diabetes-related challenges to achieve favorable psychosocial and health outcomes. Despite the known benefits of resilience in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), there tends to be more emphasis on risk factors in research and practice. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Diabetes Strengths and Resilience Measure for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes (DSTAR-Teen) in Turkey. Methods: This descriptive, methodological study was conducted between October 2020 and May 2021. The Turkish DSTAR-Teen was administered to 120 adolescents with T1DM, and the data were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, factor analyses, test-retest correlation, and item-total score correlations. Results: The Turkish DSTAR-Teen has 12 items in two factors that explained 50.64% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed goodness-of-fit and comparative fit indices of 0.92 and 0.95, respectively. The total Cronbach’s alpha value of the scale was 0.85. Item-total score correlations ranged from 0.49 to 0.74 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our analyses showed that the Turkish DSTAR-Teen is a valid and reliable instrument in Turkish adolescents with T1DM. The Turkish DSTAR-Teen can be used to evaluate strengths and resilience associated with diabetes management in adolescents with T1DM in Turkey.
Predicting first session working alliances using deep learning algorithms: A proof-of-concept study for personalized psychotherapy

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this proof-of-concept study is to develop a predictive model based on deep learning algorithms to predict working alliances after the first therapeutic session and to provide a basis for clinical decisions. Methods Using a sample of 325 patients and 32 psychotherapists from three university counseling centers, a deep learning algorithm known as fully connected neural networks (FCNNs) was adopted to construct data-driven predictive models. The performance differences between the model including only patient indicators and the model including both patient and therapist indicators were compared. The optimal model was further tested in a general hospital sample of 85 patients and 8 therapists. Results The model incorporating both patient indicators and therapist-level indicators (R²: 0.30 ± 0.02) performed better than the model incorporating only patient indicators (R²: 0.11 ± 0.02). The performance of this model decreased when being transferred to the independent general hospital sample, but still retained some predictive value (R² = 0.11). Conclusion This study showed that the inclusion of therapist-level indicators can improve the performance of a predictive model in predicting working alliances. This model could assist clinical decisions on choosing psychotherapists for patients and may also initiate new possibilities for future research.
ApoB and Non‐HDL Cholesterol Versus LDL Cholesterol for Ischemic Stroke Risk

Conflicting results have been reported on the association between lipids and risk of ischemic stroke. We tested the hypothesis that the burden of ischemic stroke attributable to either elevated apolipoprotein B (apoB) or non‐high‐density lipoprotein (non‐HDL) cholesterol is higher than that attributable to elevated low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.