Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment and characterization of phenotypic heterogeneity of anxiety disorders across five large cohorts

To achieve sample sizes necessary for effectively conducting genome‐wide association studies (GWASs), researchers often combine data from samples possessing multiple potential sources of heterogeneity. This is particularly relevant for psychiatric disorders, where symptom self‐report, differing assessment instruments, and diagnostic comorbidity complicates the phenotypes and contribute to difficulties with detecting and replicating genetic association signals. We investigated sources of heterogeneity of anxiety disorders (ADs) across five large cohorts used in a GWAS meta‐analysis project using a dimensional structural modeling approach including confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) and measurement invariance (MI) testing. CFA indicated a single‐factor model provided the best fit in each sample with the same pattern of factor loadings. MI testing indicated degrees of failure of metric and scalar invariance which depended on the inclusion of the effects of sex and age in the model. This is the first study to examine the phenotypic structure of psychiatric disorder phenotypes simultaneously across multiple, large cohorts used for GWAS. The analyses provide evidence for higher order invariance but possible break‐down at more detailed levels that can be subtly influenced by included covariates, suggesting caution when combining such data. These methods have significance for large‐scale collaborative studies that draw on multiple, potentially heterogeneous datasets. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on the Effectiveness of the Investment Strategy Based on a Classifier with Rules Adapted by Machine Learning

This paper examines two transactional strategies based on the classifier which opens positions using some rules and closes them using different rules. A rule set contains time-varying parameters that when matched allow making an investment decision. Researches contain the study of variability of these parameters and the relationship between learning period and testing (using the learned parameters). The strategies are evaluated based on the time series of cumulative profit achieved in the test periods. The study was conducted on the most popular currency pair EURUSD (Euro-Dollar) sampled with interval of 1 hour. An important contribution to the theory of algotrading resulting from presented research is specification of the parameter space (quite large, consisting of 11 parameters) that achieves very good results using cross validation.
Biochemical characterization and structural analysis of trypsin from Plodia interpunctella midgut: implication of determinants in extremely alkaline pH activity profile

In the present study, trypsin from Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) is characterized to discover sequence, biochemical and structural features. This enzyme is purified by ion exchange chromatography using fast protein liquid chromatography on proteins from fifth‐instar larvae. The enzyme is optimally active at 50 °C and pH 11.0. The kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax) of the enzyme are 5.3 ± 0.6 µm and 31 ± 1.3 nmol min−1 mg−1, respectively (using Nα‐benzoyl‐l‐arginine ρ‐nitroanilide hydrochloride as substrate). The enzyme is inhibited by the addition of Cu2+ and Mn2+, whereas it is activated by Li+ at high concentrations. Moreover, the enzyme is almost completely inhibited in the presence of Nα‐tosyl‐l‐lysine chloromethyl ketone hydrochloride and phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride. To understand some characteristics of P. interpunctella trypsin, including active site structure and alkaline pH profile, a reliable structural model of P. interpunctella trypsin is built based on the Fusarium oxisporum (Schlecht) trypsin cystal structure (Protein Data Bank code: 1GDU). The secondary structure content of the purified trypsin from near‐ultraviolet circular dichroism data shows considerable similarities with that of P. interpunctella trypsin predicted structure. Analysis of pKa values of active site residues, a type of amino acid residue in the active site cleft and the surface charges of the model and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) trypsin structure as an insect species from different orders reveals some differences between them. These differences might effect on the microenvironment of the active site cleft and consequently shift its pH profile. The application of multiple theoretical and experimental techniques is well adapted to predict the enzyme structure with high accuracy and this could help in the design of a powerful inhibitor for trypsin with ideal properties.
Methods for measuring utilization of mental health services in two epidemiologic studies

Objectives of Study: Psychiatric epidemiologic studies often include two or more sets of questions regarding service utilization, but the agreement across these different questions and the factors associated with their endorsement have not been examined. The objectives of this study were to describe the agreement of different sets of mental health service utilization questions that were included in the American Indian Service Utilization Psychiatric Epidemiology Risk and Protective Factors Project (AI‐SUPERPFP), and compare the results to similar questions included in the baseline National Comorbidity Survey (NCS).
A syndemic model of women incarcerated in community jails.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to test whether variations in substance abuse, mental health diagnoses, individual experiences of violence, community experiences of violence, and incarceration history may be reduced to a single underlying syndemic factor for a sample of women incarcerated in three Midwestern U.S. jails. DESIGN AND SAMPLE Secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study of a medical utilization survey; initial confirmatory factor analysis tested fit of model; modification indexes provided confirmatory fit. 290 women incarcerated in three urban Midwestern U.S. jails. MEASURES Demographics and variables associated with women's criminal justice experience and sexual health risk were assessed. The analysis included women's mental health, drug dependence, childhood sexual and physical abuse, and partner violence. RESULTS The final model had four variables with significant pathways: childhood sexual abuse, childhood physical abuse, domestic violence, and mental health diagnoses. The fit of this model was very good (χ(2) (1) = 0.6; CFI = 1.00; standardized RMR = 0.0147), strongly suggesting the intertwined nature of the variables. CONCLUSION Clarification of the specific components in a syndemic model for this population will allow for the implementation of interventions with the appropriate inclusion of content. In interventions and clinical practice, public health nurses should consider these interrelationships.
Force/position control self-tuned to unknown surface slopes using motion variables

SUMMARY This work considers the problem of force/position regulation for a robotic finger in compliant contact with an unknown curved surface resulting in uncertain force and position control subspaces. The proposed controller is an adaptive control scheme of a simple structure that achieves the desired target by the on-line tuning of the position and force control actions to their corresponding actual subspaces at the desired point using motion state feedback. The local asymptotic stability of the system equilibrium point is proved and an estimate of the region of attraction is given. The controller performance is illustrated by a simulation example.
Valuation of health states in the US study to establish disability weights: lessons from the literature

The metric of disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) has become the global standard of measuring burden of disease. DALYs are comprised of years of life lost due to premature mortality and years of healthy life lost due to living with disability. In order to calculate the second part of the DALY equation, disease specific disability weights have to be established, i.e. measures for the decline of health associated with these disease states, which vary between zero for perfect health and one for death. Although these disability weights are key for estimating DALYs, there have not been many comprehensive studies with empirical determinations of them. This article describes a systematic review on the state of the art with respect to empirically determining disability weights. Based on this review, a multi‐method approach is outlined, which has also been implemented in a US study to measure burden of disease. This approach involves the use of psychometric methodology as well as economic trade‐off methods for determining the value of health states. It is conceptualized as a disaggregated approach, where the disability weight of any health state can be calculated if the attributes of this health state are known. The US study received the collaboration of experts from more than 20 institutes of the National Institutes of Health and of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. First results will be available by the end of this year. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The National Survey on Drug Use and Health Mental Health Surveillance Study: calibration analysis

The Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) is an ongoing initiative by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration to develop and implement methods for measuring the prevalence of serious mental illness (SMI) among adults in the USA. The 2008 MHSS used data from clinical interviews administered to a sub‐sample of respondents to calibrate mental health screening scale data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) for estimating the prevalence of SMI in the full NSDUH sample. The mental health scales included the K6 screening scale of psychological distress (administered to all respondents) along with two measures of functional impairment (each administered to a random half‐sample of respondents): the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID) was administered to a sub‐sample of 1506 adult NSDUH respondents within 4 weeks of completing the NSDUH interview. Results indicate that while SMI prediction accuracy of the K6 is improved by adding either the WHODAS or the SDS to the prediction equation, the models with the WHODAS are more robust. The results of the calibration study and methods used to derive prevalence estimates of SMI are presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A survey on snake robot modeling and locomotion

SUMMARY Snake robots have the potential to make substantial contributions in areas such as rescue missions, firefighting, and maintenance where it may either be too narrow or too dangerous for personnel to operate. During the last 10–15 years, the published literature on snake robots has increased significantly. The purpose of this paper is to give a survey of the various mathematical models and motion patterns presented for snake robots. Both purely kinematic models and models including dynamics are investigated. Moreover, the different approaches to biologically inspired locomotion and artificially generated motion patterns for snake robots are discussed.
Conformational study of a guaiacyl β‐O‐4 lignin model compound by NMR. Examination of intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions and conformational flexibility in solution

Intramolecular H‐bonding interactions were investigated in solution for the threo and erythro diastereomeric forms of a guaiacyl β‐O‐4 lignin model compound by using the NMR data obtained from hydroxyl protons. Temperature coefficients of the chemical shifts (dδ/dT) and coupling constants (3JHCOH) were measured in aprotic and protic solutions: DMSO‐d6, acetone‐d6 and acetone‐d6–water. The NMR parameters do not support the existence of strong and persistent intramolecular H‐bonds that could participate in the stabilization of the guaiacyl β‐O‐4 structure in solution, but instead indicate that intermolecular H‐bonds to solvent predominate. 1D NOE experiments nevertheless revealed the presence of a direct chemical exchange between the hydroxyl protons, suggesting the possible existence of weak and transient intramolecular H‐bonding interactions. The conformational flexibility of the threo structure was also investigated in acetone solution from the measurement of long‐range 1H, 1H and 1H, 13C coupling constants and from NOESY experiments. The NMR data are not consistent with any single conformation, indicating that different conformers co‐exist in solution. The experimental results support the conformational flexibility predicted by molecular dynamics simulations performed in a previous study. Finally, both experimental and theoretical approaches indicate that weak intramolecular H‐bonds can exist transiently in solution, breaking and reforming as the β‐O‐4 molecule undergoes conformational interconversion, but cannot be invoked as possible means of conferring rigidity to the β‐O‐4 structure. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Experimental Analysis of Vibration Monitoring in System Rotor Dynamic with Validate Results Using Simulation Data

There is a growing tendency today to extract information about the prognostic parameters based on system analysis through various diagnostic techniques to assess the health of the plant or equipment. Vibration monitoring helps in reducing the machine down time. A vibration signature measured at the external surface of machine or at any other suitable place contains a good amount of information to reveal the running condition of the machine. Considering the importance of vibration monitoring in the rotating machinery fault diagnostics, it has been applied in this paper. Effects of modal parameters like natural frequency, mode shapes, and damping, misalignments have been studied. Balancing is usually an expensive and laborious procedure and a balancing system would be beneficial for motor engine and power generation application. In this research, there have been identified unbalance parameters that exist in rotating machinery and develop a finite-element model of rotating dynamics system to create a mathematical model of the system from the test data and subsequently obtaining the unbalanced parameters. During this study, the raw data obtained from the experimental results (Smart Office software) are curve fitted by theoretical data regenerated from simulating it using finite element (ANSYS 12) model for comparisons. The experimental analysis used thus far is called Modal Testing, a well-known and widely used technique in research and industry to obtain the Modal and Dynamic response properties of structures. The technique has recently been applied to rotating structures and some research papers been published, however, the full implementation of Modal Testing in active structures and the implications are not fully understood and are therefore in need of much further and more in-depth investigations. The aim is to find a system identification methodology using the analytical/computational techniques and update the model using experimental techniques already established for passive structures but to active rotating structures, which subsequently help to carry out health monitoring as well as further design and development in rotating machinery.
Structure elucidation and NMR spectral assignments of four neolignan glycosides with enantiometric aglycones from Osmanthus ilicifolius

Four new 8‐O‐4′ type neolignan glycosides with enantiometric aglycones, (7S,8R)‐erythro‐guaiacylglycerol‐β‐O‐4′‐sinapyl ether 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1), (7R,8S)‐erythro‐guaiacylglycerol‐β‐O‐4′‐sinapyl ether 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), (7S,8R)‐erythro‐ syringylglycerol‐β‐O‐4′‐sinapyl ether 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3) and (7R,8S)‐erythro‐ syringylglycerol‐β‐O‐4′‐sinapyl ether 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4), were isolated from the leaves of Osmanthus ilicifolius. Their structures were established on the basis of NMR, circular dichroism (CD), MS and chemical data. The NMR assignments for the compounds were carried out using 1H, 13C, COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY NMR experiments. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using Outcome-based Evaluation to Assess the Impact of a Museum-based Program

현대사회에서 박물관은 기존의 전통적인 역할을 넘어, 지역사회와의 소통 및 교육의 공간으로서의 사회적 역할에 대한 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 박물관의 다양한 기능 중에서도 특히 사회적 약자 지원과 관련하여 “교육적 기능”이 교육 참가자 및 사회에 미치는 영향은 매우 크다. 사회적 약자를 대상으로 한 박물관 교육은 역사와 문화를 체험하는 기회를 제공함과 동시에 개인의 삶 그리고 지역사회 일원으로서의 역할에 대한 자존감을 함양하고, 나아가 긍정적인 사회 기반 구축에 기여하는 효과가 기대된다. 이러한 프로그램의 성과와 효과분석은 지속적인 평가와 개선 및 실천을 전제로 논의가 계속 되어야 하겠지만, 새로운 프로그램을 시작하고 개선 발전 시켜야 하는 초기 단계에서의 평가 또한 중요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 현재 신설, 운영되고 있는 노숙자를 대상으로 한 박물관 교육 프로그램을 질적 평가 방법을 통해 그 성과와 효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 박물관을 활용한 사회적 약자 지원 교육 프로그램의 평가 모델을 제시하였다. 또한 개발된 평가 모델을 실제 적용하여 프로그램을 평가하고, 그 성과를 측정 하였다.
Patellar luxation in the dog and cat

PATELLAR luxation is a commonly seen orthopaedic problem in veterinary practice. Diagnosis of the condition is usually straightforward. However, a knowledge of the normal anatomy, function and interrelationship between the hip and stifle joints, femur, tibia and soft tissues is necessary if the surgeon is to choose the most appropriate method of treatment. This article describes medial and lateral patellar luxation, the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment options available in the dog and cat.
Adolescent and emerging adults' evaluation of a Facebook site providing sexual health education.

OBJECTIVE To explore participants' evaluation of an online sexual health intervention posted on Facebook and identify appealing and effective ways to present sexual health content to adolescents and emerging adults (AEAs). DESIGN AND MEASURES A qualitative approach using peer moderated focus groups was used to elicit reflections on the Facebook site's content, appeal, and ease of navigation. Focus group discussions were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes using conventional content analysis. Demographic data were analyzed with SPSS. SAMPLE Participants (n = 63) were recruited from a Midwestern university and both an urban and rural high school. Eight focus groups were conducted. RESULTS Participants reported significant concerns with the stigma associated with having sexual health conversations with parents, peers or providers. Participants thought the Facebook site provided reliable sexual health information, was not condescending, and was more visually appealing than other sites frequented by technology-proficient AEA. AEAs suggested developing an independent sexual health education website. CONCLUSION Findings demonstrate the importance for having accurate and reliable sexual health information available on the internet. The use of visually appealing social media to communicate sexual health content that is interactive, informative, and user-friendly and meets the educational needs of AEA in the Midwest is recommended.
Indirect force control development procedure

SUMMARY Addition of extra sensors, especially video cameras and force sensors, under control of appropriate software makes robotic manipulators working in factories suitable for a range of new applications. This paper presents a method of manipulator indirect force control development, in which the force set values are specified in the operational space and the manipulator is equipped with a force sensor in its wrist. Standard control development methods need the estimation of parameters of the detailed model of a manipulator and position servos, which is a complicated and time-consuming task. Hence, in this work a time-efficient hybrid procedure of controller development is proposed consisting of both analytical and experimental stages: proposal of an approximate continuous model of a manipulator, experimental determination and verification of its parameter values using the resonance phenomenon, continuous regulator development, and digitization of the regulator.
Calibration of omnidirectional wheeled mobile robots: method and experiments

SUMMARY Odometry errors, which occur during wheeled mobile robot movement, are inevitable as they originate from hard-to-avoid imperfections such as unequal wheels diameters, joints misalignment, backlash, slippage in encoder pulses, and much more. This paper extends the method, developed previously by the authors for calibration of differential mobile robots, to reduce positioning errors for the class of mobile robots having omnidirectional wheels. The method is built upon the easy to construct kinematic formulation of omnidirectional wheels, and is capable of compensating both systematic and non-systematic errors. The effectiveness of the method is experimentally investigated on a prototype three-wheeled omnidirectional mobile robot. The validations include tracking unseen trajectories, self-rotation, as well as travelling over surface irregularities. Results show that the method is very effective in improving position errors by at least 68%. Since the method is simple to implement and has no assumption on the sources of errors, it should be considered seriously as a tool for calibrating omnidirectional mobile having any number of wheels.
The Effect of Lipid Composition on the Permeability of Fluorescent Markers from Photosensitized Membranes

There is evidence indicating that the cellular locus of PDT action by amphiphilic sensitizers are the cellular membranes. The photosensitization process causes oxidative damage to membrane components that can result in the cell's death. However, it was not yet established whether lipid oxidation can cause free passage of molecules through the membrane and, as a result, be the primary cause of the cell's death. In this work, we studied the effect of liposomes' lipid composition on the kinetics of the leakage of three fluorescent dyes, calcein, carboxyfluorescein and DTAF, which were trapped in the intraliposomal aqueous phase, after photosensitization with the photosensitizer deuteroporphyrin. We found that as the degree of fatty acid unsaturation increased, the photosensitized passage of these molecules through the lipid bilayer increased. We also found that the rate of leakage of these molecules was affected by their size and bulkiness as well as by their net electric charge. In liposomes that are composed of a lipid mixture similar to that of natural membranes, the observed passage of molecules through the membrane is slow. Thus, the photodynamic damage to lipids does not appear to be severe enough to be an immediate, primary cause of cell death in biological photosensitization.
Oxidation of Tyrosine Photoinduced by Pterin in Aqueous Solution

Pterins, heterocyclic compounds widespread in biological systems, accumulate in the skin of patients suffering from vitiligo, a chronic depigmentation disorder. Pterins have been previously identified as good photosensitizers under UV‐A irradiation. In this work, we have investigated the ability of pterin (Ptr), the parent compound of oxidized pterins, to photosensitize the oxidation of tyrosine (Tyr) in aqueous solutions. Tyr is an important target in the study of the photodynamic effects of UV‐A radiation because it is oxidized by singlet oxygen (1O2) and plays a key role in polymerization and cross‐linking of proteins. Steady UV‐A irradiation of solutions containing Ptr and Tyr led to the consumption of Tyr and dissolved O2, whereas the Ptr concentration remained unchanged. Concomitantly, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was produced. By combining different analytical techniques, we could establish that the mechanism of the photosensitized process involves an electron transfer from Tyr to the triplet excited state of Ptr. Mass spectrometry, chromatography and fluorescence were used to analyze the photoproducts. In particular, oxygenated and dimeric compounds were identified.