Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Off-Label Treatment for Severe Craniomaxillofacial Fractures in Low-Income Countries—A Novel Operation Method with the External Face Fixator

Introduction: Craniomaxillofacial fractures (CMF) are common in low-income countries (LIC). Due to limited resources, treatment of these fractures usually consists of interdental wiring or immobilization with a Barton bandage to maintain the reduction by permanent occlusion. These non-surgical treatment methods often lead to unsatisfactory results, such as a disturbed dental occlusion and lockjaw. The aim of this study is to present an off-label treatment option for CMF by applying a hand fixator as external face fixator (EFF) and to demonstrate the surgical method in detail. Materials and Methods: The feasibility and postoperative outcomes of this new off-label operation technique were evaluated by analyzing patients with CMF (n = 13) treated at an NGO hospital in Sierra Leone between 2015 and 2019. Results: The application of the EFF was feasible. The biggest advantage compared to the conventional non-operative methods was, that a dynamic occlusion was still possible during the 6 weeks healing period. Hence, patients could eat and drink almost normally and perform dental hygiene with the EFF in place. We did not discover pintrack infections or other complications. Three patients developed an oronasal fistula due to traumatic a palatal bone loss of about 7–8 mm which was treated by a palatal mucoperiosteal flap 15–20 days after the first operation. Discussion and Conclusions: In LIC, where plate osteosynthesis for CMF cannot be performed due to limited resources the application of an EFF is a promising alternative for a better outcome and an improved quality of life for the patients.
Bayesian Spatial Analysis of Socio-Demographic Factors Influencing Smoking, Use of Hard Drugs and Its Residual Geographic Variation among Teenagers of Reproductive Age in Nigeria

The use of hard drugs (Alcohol, cocaine and Nicotine) has remained the censorious issue globally and in Nigeria. The use of hard drugs and tobacco smoking is common in the stage of adolescence and youth life, which is a deterrent to education and career advancement. Hence, this study looks into socio-demographic factors that influence the use of hard drugs and tobacco smoking among teenagers between the ages of 15 years to 19 years. To achieve this objective, a cross-sectional data was used and a secondary data was obtained from DHS - National Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) from the survey year 2018. Some Bayesian models were developed and Conditional Autoregressive (CAR) model with random walk 1 (RW1) was the best model. The study unveiled a positive significant association of settlement, previous place of residence, education attainment, religion, ethnicity, literacy with reported use of hard drugs amongst teenagers of reproductive age.
Optimal shaft-hub connections

In all power transmitting machines the shaft-hub connection has a large impact on the overall machine size, if the strength can be increased we can reduce the size. The connection between shaft and hub is a machine element with many possible designs available and described in standards. The connection can be either permanent or changeable, the goal is in all cases to have as high a strength for the connection as possible. Focus is in the present paper on the connections with easy assembly and disassembly, that is, on positive connections (geometrically locked). The designs specified in standards are traditionally made with straight lines and circular arches. Alternatively the involute spline can be used. For this case the cutting tool shape is made with straight lines and circular arches. Present standard designs are not made with minimum stress concentrations as the main objective, other features as for example, easy manufacturing has the primary importance. In the present paper we show how the involute spline design can be significantly improved in relation to strength maximization by reducing the maximum stress. The maximum stress can in many cases be reduced by more than 54 % relative to standard design.
Profile of Skin Biopsy Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Highlight:Profile of skin biopsy results which carried out the anatomical pathology examination was reviewed.The highest skin biopsy disease group case are erythropapulosquamous, infection, skin tumor, vesiculobullous, connective tissue disease, pigmentation disorders, and vasculitis Abstract:Skin biopsy is an important tool used by dermatologists in diagnostic determination. The correlation between clinical and histological features is needed in understanding pathogenesis and formulating the diagnosis of a skin disease with a greatly varied spectrum of histopathological results, while the observable clinical symptoms are highly limited. Skin diseases are still a serious problem worldwide, especially in Indonesia. Based on the Indonesian Health Profile in 2010, skin diseases ranked third out of 10 most diseases in outpatients in hospitals throughout Indonesia. This study was a review of the profile of skin biopsy results in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia from 1 July 2014 to 31 July 2019, which were subjected to anatomic pathology examination. This study was an observational descriptive study using secondary data sources from the medical records at the Communication and Information Technology Installation (ICT) of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya. Based on data searches, the total number of biopsy examinations performed was 1,368 cases. There were more female patients (50.3%) than males (49.7%). The most common skin disorder found was erythropapulosquamous disorder (30%), followed by infection (18%). Other cases consisted of skin tumor (15%), vesiculobullous (13%), connective tissue disease (7%), pigmentation disorders (5%), and vasculitis (5%). Diseases that could not be classified into 7 groups of the biopsy criteria were grouped separately in other diseases (7%).
Playful Strategies in Print Advertising

The fact that people are increasingly eager to seek out playful experiences in their everyday lives is part of a trend known as the ludification of culture. Scholars find that, in a time characterized by information overload, consumers are open and drawn to media products that offer entertainment through playful interaction. Meanwhile, the advertising industry is faced with the quandary of how to stand out and attract consumers’ fleeting attention in a landscape that has become highly competitive. Print advertising in particular faces a budget decline and has to compete with digital advertising forms that know richer affordances to appeal to consumers’ attention. For this reason, this article explores how print advertising uses playful strategies in order to stand out from the crowd and appease the demand to provide entertaining interaction for consumers. In doing so, the article focuses on the following research question: How do advertisers make use of playful communication strategies in print advertisements to stand out in the contemporary attention economy? To gain a comprehensive answer to this research question, a qualitative approach was taken. A thematic analysis of print advertisements was conducted, going through multiple rounds of coding that eventually resulted in the emergence of three central themes of playful strategies: (1) the use of playful visual design that is meant to instill a playful mindset; (2) the use of strategies based on a pleasurable interactive experiential logic; (3) the liberation of unspoken topics of a dark, solemn, and negative nature in a playful way. This study identifies playful aesthetics and their capacity for interactivity, resembling that of games, in static media forms such as print advertising; moreover, it identifies how playfulness can be used as a mode of production (playification) for the advertising industry as part of the creative industries. The conclusions and implications drawn from this article are thus theoretically and practically impactful. Regarding the former, contributions to an understanding of aesthetic interactivity and negative pleasurable experiences are made, and a need for further inquiry in playification is identified and encouraged. Regarding the latter, the benefit for advertisers to use playful print advertising strategies in their marketing mix is illuminated and ethical concerns regarding the persuasion of the strategies are expressed. The article closes by pointing out directions for future research.
The treatment with all-trans retinoic acid causes apoptosis without chromosomal instability in adipose-derived stem cells and might act starting the browning process

Introduction: The knowledge about the biology of obesity and apoptosis induction of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) may support in the development of new therapies. Objective: The present research aimed to investigate the toxicogenic effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) as well as its influence in the adipogenic differentiation and expression of genes related to DNA damage, cell cycle and thermogenesis. Methodology: Cell cultures of human adipose-derived stem cells were treated for 12 hours with ATRA (20.75 μM) and were performed the adipogenic differentiation, comet assay, micronucleous, cell death, cell cycle and qPCR. Results: The ATRA treatment decreased the capacity of adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs. The comet assay demonstrated increase in nucleoid frequency with genomic damage and scoring. However, these damages were not fixed at the chromosome level, since the tail moment was not significant. The treatment with ATRA increased cytotoxicity and increased cell death by apoptosis. The relative expression of CHEK-1, CHEK-2, CDC25A, CDC25C, ATM and ATR decreased and only UCP1 increased significantly. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that the use of ATRA induces genomic damage in ADSCs, although it was eliminated in the apoptosis process. Therefore, administration of ATRA in ADSCs did not cause chromosomal instability, which suggests toxicogenic safety. Also it was considered that ATRA might active the browning effect. Thus, this compound is considered a promising candidate for the development of novel therapies for the treatment of obesity and / or localized fat by the use of mesotherapy.
Nesting and predatory behaviour of potter wasp, Rhynchium brunneum brunneum (Eumeninae: Vespidae: Hymenoptera) in an urban farm landscape

ABSTRACT Eumenid wasp, Rhynchium brunneum brunneum is a solitary wasp that constructs its nests in hollow cavities provisioning lepidopteran larvae to its broods. The nesting behaviour, biology, prey preference and prey composition of the wasp were studied and molecular characterisation of the prey was done to confirm their identity. The trap occupancy rate by the wasp was 47.51% with 5.82 ± 0.18 cells per trap provisioned with 10.90 ± 1.72 larvae per cell. The egg to adult duration of the wasp lasted for 21.60 ± 2.22 days. The wasp used six different species of lepidopteran larvae as prey viz., Diaphania indica, Maruca vitrata, Parotis atlitalis, Phycita erythrolophia, Spodoptera litura and Sylepta derogata for its developing broods. Three prey species D. indica (Accession No. MN888507.1), M. vitrata (Accession No. MN888506.1) and P. atlitalis (Accession No. MN888512.1) were molecularly characterised. The percent prey composition of D. indica, M. vitrata, P. atlitalis, P. erythrolophia, S. litura and S. derogata were 31.23, 98.17, 10.40, 42.32, 75.85 and 20.10 respectively. Mixed prey composition in the cells were recorded during the months of June to October and January to May. There was a significant difference in the number of live webbings by M. vitrata in the pigeon pea installed with trap nests (1.53 ± 0.72) compared to wasp excluded control plot (4.07 ± 1.35) four weeks after installation. The results suggested that this eumenid wasp be a potential predator of economically important lepidopteran pests. Installation of artificial trap nests amidst crop habitats could help in their conservation and enhance the process of natural biological control of pest insects.
Oversampling Approach Using Radius-SMOTE for Imbalance Electroencephalography Datasets

Several studies related to emotion recognition based on Electroencephalogram signals have been carried out in feature extraction, feature representation, and classification. However, emotion recognition is strongly influenced by the distribution or balance of Electroencephalogram data. On the other hand, the limited data obtained significantly affects the imbalance condition of the resulting Electroencephalogram signal data. It has an impact on the low accuracy of emotion recognition. Therefore, based on these problems, the contribution of this research is to propose the Radius SMOTE method to overcome the imbalance of the DEAP dataset in the emotion recognition process. In addition to the EEG data oversampling process, there are several vital processes in emotion recognition based on EEG signals, including the feature extraction process and the emotion classification process. This study uses the Differential Entropy (DE) method in the EEG feature extraction process. The classification process in this study compares two classification methods, namely the Decision Tree method and the Convolutional Neural Network method. Based on the classification process using the Decision Tree method, the application of oversampling with the Radius SMOTE method resulted in the accuracy of recognizing arousal and valence emotions of 78.78% and 75.14%, respectively. Meanwhile, the Convolutional Neural Network method can accurately identify the arousal and valence emotions of 82.10% and 78.99%, respectively. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-02-013 Full Text: PDF
A Tale of Two Fimbriae: How Invasion of Dendritic Cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis Disrupts DC Maturation and Depolarizes the T-Cell-Mediated Immune Response

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a unique pathogen implicated in severe forms of periodontitis (PD), a disease that affects around 50% of the US population. P. gingivalis is equipped with a plethora of virulence factors that it uses to exploit its environment and survive. These include distinct fimbrial adhesins that enable it to bind to other microbes, colonize inflamed tissues, acquire nutrients, and invade cells of the stroma and immune system. Most notable for this review is its ability to invade dendritic cells (DCs), which bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems. This invasion process is tightly linked to the bridging functions of resultant DCs, in that it can disable (or stimulate) the maturation function of DCs and cytokines that are secreted. Maturation molecules (e.g., MHCII, CD80/CD86, CD40) and inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1b, TNFa, IL-6) are essential signals for antigen presentation and for proliferation of effector T-cells such as Th17 cells. In this regard, the ability of P. gingivalis to coordinately regulate its expression of major (fimA) and minor (mfa-1) fimbriae under different environmental influences becomes highly relevant. This review will, therefore, focus on the immunoregulatory role of P. gingivalis fimbriae in the invasion of DCs, intracellular signaling, and functional outcomes such as alveolar bone loss and immune senescence.
Discrete Optimal Control of a Class of Match-Stick Puzzles

This article formulated and obtained unprecedented analytic solutions to a class of relevant problems in a twoperson match-stick games. The proofs, which were accomplished using well-crafted mnemonically efficient notations, settheoretic notions, the greatest and the least integer functions, established the certainty of victory for the starting player if and only if   1 N  is not a multiple   of 1 , M  where M and N are arbitrary maximum match-stick pick size and match-stick availability, respectively, provided the specified optimal strategy is adopted. The article also proved robustly that the condition       2 mod 1 N M M    is imperative for first-pick feasibility, based on the optimal policy. Finally the winning strategy was illustrated for some problem instances.
Recent Advances in Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Functionalized Biomaterials for Liver Cancer-Targeting Therapy

Liver cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the conventional therapies generally employed in patients with liver tumors. The major issue associated with the administration of chemotherapeutics is their high toxicity and lack of selectivity, leading to systemic toxicity that can be detrimental to the patient’s quality of life. An important approach to the development of original liver-targeted therapeutic products takes advantage of the employment of biologically active ligands able to bind specific receptors on the cytoplasmatic membranes of liver cells. In this perspective, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid present in roots and rhizomes of licorice, has been used as a ligand for targeting the liver due to the expression of GA receptors on the sinusoidal surface of mammalian hepatocytes, so it may be employed to modify drug delivery systems (DDSs) and obtain better liver or hepatocyte drug uptake and efficacy. In the current review, we focus on the most recent and interesting research advances in the development of GA-based hybrid compounds and DDSs developed for potential employment as efficacious therapeutic options for the treatment of hepatic cancer.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Artemia persimilis Piccinelli and Prosdocimi, 1968 (Crustacea: Anostraca)

Abstract In the study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of Artemia persimilis Piccinelli and Prosdocimi, 1968 for the first time. The mitochondrial genome of A. persimilis is 15,436 bp in length, with the typical structure of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a non-coding control region (CR). Phylogenetic analysis showed that A. persimilis was at the basal position among the bisexual Artemia species, which revealed that A. persimilis is likely to be an ancestral clade. The present study could provide effective resources for population genetics study, as well as germplasm conservation in Artemia.
Using crowdsourced data to assess the relationship between neighbourhood-level deprivation and the availability of inclusive leisure programmes in Canadian cities

ABSTRACT Monitoring neighbourhood-level access to resources can inform improved urban health. Big data approaches have shown some promise in capturing access to spatial resources such as green spaces, housing, amongst others. However, it is often difficult to capture resources that are not spatially observable such as programmes. For this project, we linked data from a digital listing of inclusive leisure programmes to data on neighbourhood-level deprivation, to explore the relationship between both factors, and how to strengthen approaches for capturing access to health-promoting programmes. Using cross-sectional secondary data analysis, we linked information on material and social deprivation levels in three major census metropolitan areas of Canada to information on the availability of adaptive leisure programmes as listed on the Jooay App (www.jooay.com). Higher availability of inclusive leisure programmes was directly linked to higher social deprivation and inversely linked to higher material deprivation. Inclusive leisure programmes were more available for populations with physical and intellectual impairments and autism spectrum disorders, than sensory and behavioural challenges. Our study suggests potentially differing relationships between forms of deprivation and the availability of inclusive programs and a need for stronger consideration of disability diversity. We also note considerations for using big data to inform urban health.
Comparing the Effects of TPB-Based Lecture Method and Discussion Method on Knowledge and Attitude toward Pornography

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) based lecture method and the discussion method in improving the knowledge and negative attitudes of elementary school students regarding pornography. This study was a comparative quantitative with a quasi experimental design. This study carried out in Sondakan State Elementary School (SSES) which is located on Sondakan, Surakarta City, Indonesia. The subjects of this study were sixth grade students of SSES (n = 56). The students were divided into two classes. Experiment Class 1 with 26 students, and Experiment Class 2 with 30 students. Based on the data analysis and discussion, the following conclusions can be drawn; (1) TPB-based lecture is more effective than discussion method in increasing knowledge related to pornography of sixth grade students (2) TPB-based lecture is more effective than discussion method in increasing negative attitudes related to pornography of sixth grade students. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are; (1) TPB-based lecture method can provide alternative solution in increasing sixth grade students' understanding of the dangers of pornography. (2) TPB-based lecture method is more recomended than discussion method for children and early adolescents.
Influence of Endosperm Starch Composition on Maize Response to Fusarium temperatum Scaufl. & Munaut

Fusarium temperatum Scaufl. & Munaut is a newly described taxon belonging to the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) and a frequent causative factor of maize ear rot. The aim of the present study was to determine the responses to the disease in maize populations differing in endosperm features that were classified to flint, dent, and a group of plants with intermediate kernel characteristics. In inoculation studies, substantial variation of host response to the fungus was found among the tested maize types. The dent-type kernels contained significantly less amylose (28.27%) and exhibited significantly higher rates of infection (IFER = 2.10) and contamination by beauvericin (7.40 mg kg−1) than plants of the flint maize subpopulation. The study documents a significant positive correlation between the Fusarium ear rot intensity (IFER) and ergosterol content (the R value ranged from 0.396 in 2015 to 0.735 in 2018) and between IFER and the presence of beauvericin (the R value ranged from 0.364 in 2015 to 0.785 in 2017). The negative correlation between (IFER) and amylose content (ranging from R = −0.303 to R= −0.180) stresses the role of the endosperm starch composition in the kernel resistance to Fusarium ear rot. The conducted study indicated that the risk of kernel infection and contamination with fungal metabolites (beauvericin and ergosterol) was associated with the maize type kernels.