Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of ECDYSONELESS in ERBB2/HER2 Mediated Breast Oncogenesis

ErbB2/HER2 overexpression accounts for approximately 25-30% of all breast cancer patients and is associated with poor prognosis. Ecdysoneless (ECD), a novel cell cycle regulator, is overexpressed in breast cancer and its overexpression is correlated with poor survival outcome in ErbB2+ breast cancer patients. In this study, to assess if ECD regulates ErbB2 protein, we first analyzed if ECD and ErbB2 proteins interact with each other. Using co-immunoprecipitation, as well as proximity ligation assays, we demonstrate ECD, ErbB2 and HSP90 are present in the same complex. Furthermore, silencing of ECD by siRNA-mediated knockdown led to the downregulation of total ErbB2, phosho-ErbB2 and surface levels of ErbB2. Notably, downregulation of ErbB2 led to significant decrease in its downstream targets, ERK signaling. As expected, knockdown of ECD resulted in significant decrease in ErbB2 association with HSP90. We further demonstrate that ECD-mediated decrease in ErbB2 protein was due to a significant decrease in ErbB2 mRNA stability and in part by protein stability. Significantly, knockdown of ECD in ErbB2+ breast cancer cells resulted in decrease in invasion and migration. These results demonstrate a novel interaction of Ecdysoneless with ErbB2 and its functional consequence on ErbB2 levels and function. Future studies should address if destabilization of ECD together with anti-ErbB2 therapy could provide a better treatment strategy for ErbB2+ breast cancer patients.
Barriers to Seeking Campus Therapeutic Services for Sexual Assault

Previous research has found that the majority of sexual assault survivors do not receive therapeutic treatment for their traumatic experience(s), despite the detrimental psychological effects sexual assault can produce (e.g. Kimerling & Calhoun, 1994; Koss & Harvey, 1991; New & Berliner, 2000). The present study examines potential barriers to seeking campus therapeutic services in college women who have experienced sexual assault (or hypothetical sexual assault among those with no history of sexual assault). Overall, knowledge about sexual assault services on campus was quite limited. Knowledge of the location of the campus counseling center was related to an increased likelihood of intending to use campus counseling services if any unwanted sexual experiences occur. The primary reasons students felt they did not or would not use campus therapeutic services after unwanted sexual experiences were examined. Unwanted sexual experiences were found to be significantly predictive of having sought therapy. Respondents who had unwanted sexual experiences had higher levels of PTSD, depression, and alcohol abuse symptom severity than respondents who had not had these experiences.
4,5-Bis­(pivaloyl­sulfanyl)-1,3-di­thiol­ane-2-thione

The title compound, C13H18O2S5, possesses twofold symmetry and is composed of two pivalyl groups lying on opposite sides of the planar 1,3-di­thiole-2-thione conjugated moiety. Owing to the introduction of the C=O electron-acceptor group the adjacent C—S bond length [1.774 (4) A] is shorter than that of a typical C—S single bond. In the crystal structure, there are no significant intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
2‐Dicyano­methyl­ene‐4,5,5‐trimeth­yl‐2,5‐dihydro­furan‐3‐carbonitrile

In the title compound, C11H9N3O, the three cyano groups, the C atom of one of the three meth­yl groups and the dihydro­furan ring atoms lie on a crystallographic mirror plane. A weak C—H⋯N inter­action results in one-dimensional chains.
Establishment and evaluation of collagen-induced arthritis rats model

Objective:To establish collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rat model.Methods:Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups.The phlogistic cell factor TNF-α was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the degree of pathogenicity as well as the pathological characteristics were assayed by histopathological techniques and joint roentgenography.Results:Compared with normal group,a peak arthritis index of the model group was achieved at 36 days after immunlization.The level of TNF-α analyzed by ELISA was significantly higher than that of the normal group(P0.05). As demonstrated by histopathology and roentgenography,typical arthritis pathology with chronic proliferative synovitis and secondarily destroyed articular cartilage and bone was found.Conclusion:The pathological characteristic of animal model with CIA was quite similar to that of human rheumatoid arthritis.This study provide a valuable experimental material for further study on the mechanism of pathogenesis and the clinical treatment of human rheumatic arthritis.
Effects of salt substitution on blood pressure using home measurements in essential hypertensive patients:a double-blinded randomized controlled trial

Objective To evaluate the long-term antihypertensive effects of salt substitution in hypertensive patients by home blood pressure measurement. Methods A double-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 220hypertensive patients were enrolled in this study and were randomly divided into experimental group(the salt substitution group,n=110)and control group(the regular salt group,n=110)during one year. Home blood pressure was measured at baseline,3,6and 12months. Blood was sampled at baseline,3months and 12 months to measure serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,sodium and potassium for the safety evaluation. Spot morning urine samples were collected to measure urine sodium and potassium,at baseline,6and 12 months. Results A total of 97% subjects completed the trial. Home systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the the regular salt group and salt substitution group[(141.4±14.8)vs(139.9±14.4)and(84.1±9.6)vs(81.9±8.5)mm Hg,all P0.05]were not significantly different at baseline. Compared with the regular salt group,the salt substitute group had lower home systolic blood pressures at 3,6and 12months[(133.7±12.6)vs(138.3±14.1),(138.7± 12.8)vs(142.7±13.3),(133.3±13.3)vs(138.2±13.6)mm Hg,all P0.05],respectively.There was not significantly different between the two groups for home diastolic blood pressure at any time point(all P0.05). Compared with the regular salt group,the salt substitute group showed lower urine sodium and urine sodium-to-potassium ratio at 6and 12months[113.1(74.2-147.0)vs 126.0(81.9-166.1)(P0.05),122.5(83.9-160.3)vs 124.2(80.2-160.6)mmol/L(P0.05),and 2.9(2.1-4.0)vs 4.4(3.0-6.1),2.5(1.7-4.3)vs 4.0(2.6-6.4),all P0.05],and higher urine potassium at 6and 12months[36.9(26.7-54.6)vs 29.8(20.3-43.5)and 40.5(24.7-70.5)vs 28.6(17.8-55.6)mmol/L,all P0.05],respectively. Serum sodium,potassium,creatinine and urea nitrogen were not significantly different between the two groups at 3and 12 months(all P0.05). Conclusion These findings demonstrated that a salt substitute containing low-sodium,high-potassium,and highmagnesium could reduce home systolic blood pressure.
The application of laryngeal mask and tracheal intubation in pre-hospital emergency

Objective To investigate the applicative value of laryngeal mask and trachea intubation in pre-hospital emergency.Methods 183 pre-hospital emergency cases from 2008 to 2012 in our hospital were chosen,and randomized to laryngeal mask group or trachea intubation group,99 cases were treated by laryngeal mask,84 cases by trachea intubation.Compare the implanting time,success rate for the first time,success rate of resuscitation,and the complication rate.Results Compared with the trachea intubation group,the implanting time and the complication rate of the laryngeal mask group were significantly reduced,the success rate for the first time are higher,and there was no markedly differential in statistics in the success rate of resuscitation.Conclusion Laryngeal mask is more efficient,safer than trachea intubation,and has the same effect.
Epidemiology of hand foot and mouth diseases in Jixian,Tianjin,2008-2010

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Jixian in Tianjin and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFMD in Jixian during 2008-2010.Results A total of 6655 HFMD cases were reported during the period.The epidemic probably occurred in 2010,the case number increased by 320.32 times and 863.88 times respectively compared with 2009 and 2008.One incidence peak occurred in July in 2008 and two incidence peaks occurred in 2009,one was during May-July,another one was in October.One incidence peak occurred June and a sub-peak occurred in November in 2010.The disease spread quickly from eastern area to western and southern areas.The positive rate of EV71 was 61.54%. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD increased annually from 2008 to 2010.The epidemic seemed to occur in 2010,the pathogen was EV71.
5,5-Dimethyl-2,2-di(pyridin-2-yl)hexahydropyrimidine

Abstract: Novel 5,5-dimethyl-2,2-di(pyridin-2-yl)hexahydropyrimidine was synthesized in good yield by a one-pot condensation reaction of 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine with di(pyridin-2-yl)methanoneusing dichloromethane as solvent at room temperature. The structure of the synthesized compound was assigned on the basis of its elemental analysis, UV-visible, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, IR, and mass spectral data. Keywords: hexahydropyrimidine; 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine; di(pyridin-2-yl)methanone Introduction The six-membered heterocyclic hexahydropyrimidine unit is present in several natural products and pharmaceutical agents of various pharmacological activities [1]. Hexahydropyrimidines are also found in many bioactive compounds, like antiinflammatory and analgesic agents, fungicides, antibacterials, parasiticides, and antivirals [2]. They also behave as prodrugs of pharmacologically active di- and polyamines [3,4]. Several derivatives of hexahydropyrimidines are used as polymers stabilizers [5]. Due to their facile cleavage under mild acidic conditions, hexahydopyrimidines have been employed in organic synthesis as protective groups in the selective acylation by addition of 1,3-diamines [6]. Furthermore, hexahydropyrimidines and some of their derivatives form good polydentate nitrogen donor complexes, they coordinate the transition metal ions in mono-, di-, or poly-coordination mode [7–9].
Epidemiology, cost, and health policy related to total knee arthroplasty

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure used in the United States to treat the pain associated with knee arthritis. Roughly 15% of Americans have symptomatic knee arthritis, and in 2010 roughly 600,000 TKAs were performed. The utilization of TKA is on the rise in the United States (US), and it is being performed in younger patients. Revision TKA also is increasingly being performed in the US, with infection being the most common reason. TKA is highly cost effective, with a cost per quality added life year (QALY) of $15,000–$20,000. The cost associated with treating infections, however, is very high and is on the rise in the US. Much of the cost of the care episode is associated with the implant. Certain measures to try to control the cost of TKA include standardized care pathways, bundled payment plans, and minimizing readmissions. Health policy associated with TKA continues to focus on optimizing value based care systems. Health systems must become more adept at measuring patient reported outcomes and determining costs of care episodes to try to control the cost of care they provide. Essential to the optimization of value and to help guide policy in the US is the creation and maintenance of a national joint replacement registry. The American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR) continues to evolve and will help guide physicians, patients, health systems, and the medical device industry in ensuring that future generations of patients with severe knee arthritis continue to benefit from these life-altering procedures.
应用颗粒物化学组分监测仪(ACSM)实时在线测定致霾细粒子无机和有机组分

以霾为代表的空气污染严重危害人体健康. 霾的形成与细颗粒物化学组分的变化密切相关. 本文详细报道了颗粒物化学组分监测仪(ACSM)在表征致霾细粒子化学组分，包括有机物、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、铵盐和氯化物，及其在快速估算大气一次和二次有机组分中的应用. 通过对2012年9月北京亚微米细颗粒物(PM 1 )的观测研究发现，北京秋季重霾污染天和清洁天的化学组分存在显著差异. 有机物是PM 1 的主要化学组分，在清洁天平均贡献PM 1 的约70%，而在重霾污染天，二次无机组分贡献量显著增加，超过50%. 利用有机气溶胶正矩阵因子分解(PMF)源解析结果，进一步建立了适用于北京秋季示踪质荷比 m / z 57 和 m / z 44 快速估算大气一次(HOA)和二次有机气溶胶(OOA)的关系式，即HOA = 26.6×( m / z 57 -0.02 × m / z 44)；OOA = 4.4 × m / z 44. PM 1 总质量浓度与细颗粒物总消光系数高度相关( r 2 = 0.91)，说明亚微米细颗粒物在霾的形成过程中起重要作用，其中消光系数与二次颗粒物的相关性远高于一次颗粒物，说明二次颗粒物化学组分的生成和转化在霾形成中起更为关键的作用.
1,5-Bis(3-bromothien-2-yl)-3-(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)pentane-1,5-dione

In the title compound, C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2, the angles between the plane of the 2,3,5-trichloro­phenyl ring and those of the two 3-bromo­thien-2-yl rings are 89.7 (5) and 63.7 (1)°, with a dihedral angle of 77.4 (3)° between the last two planes.
Cytostatic Activity of Some Novel Amidocarbamate Derivatives of Ketoprofen

A series of novel ketoprofen derivatives 4a-j bearing both amide and carbamate functionalities were prepared using benzotriazole. Selective reduction of ketoprofen produced hydroxy derivative 2, which reacts with one or two moles of 1-benzotriazole carboxylic acid chloride 1 gave benzotriazole derivatives 3a and 3b respectively. Antioxidative screenings revealed that the prepared compounds 3b and 4a-j possess excellent lipid peroxidation inhibition at 0.1 mM concentration. Two of the compounds 3b and 4g also showed high soybean lipoxygenase inhibition activity, where as the amidocarbamate derivatives of ketoprofen showed only weak reducing activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl radicals. No selective antiviral effects were noted for the tested compounds against a broad variety of DNA and RNA viruses. The majority of the compounds show IC50 values around 10–25 μM (4c-h and 4j), pointing to a relatively minor role of the R-substituents on the core structure for cytostatic activity, as long as a bulky lipophilic (cyclic) entity has been present. Also, the presence of the amide groups might play an important role to eventually exert cytostatic potential.
An Overview of the Complexities in Obesity

A recent survey, even one limited to human studies, found considerable “publication scatter” in that more than 250 different professional journals publish articles on obesity. Over the years, and particularly since the 1970s and 1980s when the so-called obesity epidemic began, there has been an explosion of clinical interest in a field that encompasses general medicine, pediatrics, surgery, psychiatry, and almost every subspecialty. And rightly so, since even by 2008, there were an estimated 1.46 billion adults worldwide who were overweight, and of these, 502 million were in the obese category, all of which translate into major public health consequences. Despite many highly publicized studies, why do we not have a greater understanding about obesity than we do? It is certainly not from a lack of trying. This article presents an overview of the limitations and challenges, that is, complexities, due to discrepant frameworks and diverse conceptualizations of obesity; potential flaws inherent in its clinical studies; and particularly, impediments due to difficulties in the measurement of body composition (and particularly adipose accumulation), food intake, and physical activity, as well as to notoriously inaccurate self-reporting by subjects. As a result, clinicians remain limited in issuing recommendations to their patients.
Tris(2-pyridyl)phosphine

C₁₅H₁₂N₃P, M(r)= 265·3, monoclinic, P2₁/c, a = 9·162 (1), b = 9·163 (1), c = 16·071 (2) A, β = 100·92 (1)°, U = 1325 (2) A³, D(m) (by flotation) = 1·33 (1), D(x) = 1·330 Mg m⁻³ for Z = 4, Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0·7107 A, μ = 0·153 mm⁻¹, F(OOO) = 552, T= 293 (2) K, R = 0·046 for 2041 observed reflections. The P-atom environment is pyramidal with P-C bond distances of 1·834 (3), 1·824 (3) and 1·826 (2) A and C-P-C angles of 102·7(1), 101·9 (1) and 101·0 (1)°. The orientations of the rings are such that there is a significant deviation from C₃(v) symmetry; one of the N atoms is directed to the same side of the molecule as the p(IlI) lone pair of electrons, while the remaining two N atoms point in the opposite direction. The P atom is almost coplanar with each of the rings [max. deviation 0·0420 (6) A] and the dihedral angles between the planes through the N(I)-C(5), N(2)C( 10) and N(3)-C(I5) groups are 87·8, 97·0 and 97·5° respectively.
1,8-Dichloroanthracene

The C-Cl distances in the title compound, C 14 H 8 Cl 2 , average 1.751(3)A. The C atoms of the anthracene ring system exhibit a maximum deviation of 0.016 (5)A from coplanarity and the Cl atoms are slightly displaced on opposite sides of the anthracene plane by -0.045(1) and 0.035 (1)A.
1-Benzoyl-3-[(2-benzylsulfanyl)phenyl]thiourea.

In the title compound, C(21)H(18)N(2)OS(2), a strong intramolecular N-H.O hydrogen bond [N.O = 2.642 (3) Å] between the amide N atom and the benzoyl O atom forms an almost planar six-membered ring in the central part of the molecule. In the crystal, molecules are packed through weak N-H.S interactions. Intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions are the stabilizing forces for the crystal structure.
4-Chloro-1-naphthol.

Molecules of the title compound, C(10)H(7)ClO, (I), are connected by a single strong O-H.O hydrogen bond into a simple C(2) chain, which runs parallel to the c axis and is additionally stabilized by intermolecular pi-pi stacking interactions. The significance of this study lies in the comparison drawn between the crystal structure of (I) and those of several of its simple analogues. This comparison shows a close similarity in the packing of the molecules that form pi-stacks along the shortest crystallographic axes. A substantial spatial overlap is observed between adjacent molecules in such a pi-stack, depending mainly on the kind of substituent.
1‐[3‐(1H‐Indol‐2‐yl)‐2‐furyl]ethanone

En route to furostifoline, we synthesized the title compound, C14H11NO2, as a yellow crystalline material, with two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, related by a pseudo-centre of inversion; they have an approximately planar conformation, and similar bond lengths and angles. An intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond was observed for each mol­ecule, as well as several inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions, linking the two mol­ecules together into dimers. The dimers themselves are linked to neighbouring dimers by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions.
Pelvic Adhesions: Facts and Controversies

Learning Objectives: After reading this issue, the participant should be able to:Describe the pathophysiology of adhesion formation.Identify the relationships between adhesions and pelvic pain, infertility, and bowel obstruction.Discuss the role of adhesiolysis in pain relief.List different methods of adhesion prevention.
[(–)‐α‐Isosparteine]­dinitratocopper(II)

In the title compound, [Cu(NO3)2(C15H26N2)], the Cu atom is coordinated by the two N atoms of the bidentate (−)-α-isosparteine (Sp) ligand and by two O atoms from two nitrate anions, forming a distorted tetrahedron; the two nitrate ligands are coordinated to the Cu atom in a monodentate mode. The dihedral angle between the NSp/Cu/NSp and Onitrate/Cu/Onitrate planes is 27.7 (4)°.
経口ベラプロストナトリウム徐放性製剤（ケアロード®LA錠60μg，ベラサス®LA錠60μg）の特徴および臨床試験成績

ケアロード®LA錠60μg，ベラサス®LA錠60 μgは，プロスタサイクリン（PGI2）誘導体であるベラプロストナトリウム（BPS）を有効成分とする経口徐放性製剤であり，2007年10月，「肺動脈性肺高血圧症」（PAH）を効能・効果として承認を取得した．BPSは東レ株式会社で創製された経口投与可能なプロスタサイクリン誘導体であり，その通常錠であるドルナー®錠20μg，プロサイリン®錠20は1992年の発売以降広く臨床応用されている．本剤は，有効血漿中濃度の持続化，Cmaxの抑制による服用回数の低減とともに，1日服用量の増加による治療効果の向上を目的としたものである．通常錠での知見やin vitroでの薬理作用から設定した目標血漿中濃度推移を達成することは，BPSの血漿中半減期が約1時間と短いために困難であったが，独自のハイドロゲルマトリックス製剤とすることでこれをクリアし，プロスタグランジン（PG）製剤としては世界に類のない経口徐放性製剤を完成させた．本剤は，肺動脈性肺高血圧症に対して，肺血管の選択的な拡張作用，抗血小板作用，血管平滑筋細胞の増殖抑制作用などによってその病態を改善する．血小板凝集抑制作用が本剤投与後12時間持続すること，他の作用も血小板凝集抑制作用に類似した濃度-作用関係を示すことから，1日2回投与とした．健康成人における第I相試験で良好な徐放特性が確認されたため，「原発性肺高血圧症および膠原病に伴う肺高血圧症」の患者を対象とし，漸増法を用いた第II相試験によって，本剤の有効性および安全性を評価した．その結果，主要評価項目である「6分間歩行距離の差」に加え，「平均肺動脈圧」や「全肺血管抵抗」での効果が示された．本剤は，WHO機能分類I度，II度の軽度患者からの投与が認められていること，CYPで代謝される薬物との併用によって互いに血漿中濃度に影響を及ぼす可能性が低いと推察されることなど，使用にあたっての利便性が高いことから，今日なお難治性疾患である肺動脈性肺高血圧症治療に，新たな選択肢を提供するものとしてその将来が期待される．
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-2-ylidene)propan-2-imine.

In the title compound, C(14)H(15)ClF(2)N(2)O, the Z configuration has been confirmed. The molecular structure shows an intramolecular N-H.N hydrogen bond [H.N 2.04 (6), N.N 2.709 (6) A and N-H.N 124 (5) degrees ]. This interaction could be responsible for the Z configuration.
4-[(3-chlorophenyl)diazenyl]-2-([tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]aminomethylene)cyclohexa-3,5-dien-1(2H)-one.

The title compound, C(17)H(18)ClN(3)O(4), adopts the keto-amine tautomeric form and displays an intramolecular N-H.O hydrogen bond [N.O = 2.639 (2) A]. The configuration around the azo N=N double bond is trans, and the dihedral angle between the planes of the two aromatic rings is 20.5 (2) degrees. The molecules are linked by O-H.O hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network.
4‐(p‐Fluoro­benzyl­amino)‐3‐phenyl‐4,5‐di­hydro‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐one

The mol­ecules of the title compound, C15H13FN4O, display the characteristic features of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The triazole ring is planar and the two benzene rings are nearly parallel, with a dihedral angle of 8.5 (1)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
How Mothers of Preschool Children with Cerebral Palsy Perceive Occupational and Physical Therapists and Their Influence on Family Life

Occupational and physical therapists are among the professionals who extensively prescribe home programs for habilitating children with cerebral palsy. This exploratory ethnographic study investigated eight mothers' perceptions of what happens in their family when a preschool child diagnosed with cerebral palsy is receiving occupational and/or physical therapy. Data on each mother's experience with home programs was collected through intensive interviews and observation. Analysis, using a variety of qualitative techniques, led to identification of eight major themes: 1) What Home Programs? ; 2) If I Only Had a 25-Hour Day; 3) We Together; 4) What Does Daddy Do? ; 5) The Long Shadow; 6) Therapy, Therapy, Therapy; 7) The Third Patient; and 8) The Roller Coaster.
1-(5-Chloro-6-methoxy­naphthalen-2-yl)propan-1-one

The title compound, C14H13ClO2, has been synthesized from 2-methoxy­naphthalene via chlorination by cupric chloride and reaction with propionyl chloride. The 6-meth­oxy and 2-propionyl groups are coplanar with the naphthalene ring system. The mol­ecules are packed in a head-to-tail arrangement showing π–π stacking inter­actions.
trans‐Diiodobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II)

The title compound, [PdI 2 {P(C 6 H 5 ) 3 } 2 ], has the Pd atom located on a crystallographic inversion centre and has a trans-square-planar configuration. The Pd-I and Pd-P distances are 2.5975 (3) and 2.3504 (10) A, respectively. This is the first reported structure of the title compound in an unsolvated form.
2‐Chloro‐1‐(3‐methyl‐3‐phenylcyclobutyl)ethanone

The title compound, C13H15ClO, has a nonplanar conformation. The phenyl ring and chloro­acetaldehyde group are in cis positions. Mol­ecules are linked to one another by inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions, forming a C(4) chain running parallel to the [001] direction. The cyclobutane ring is puckered, with a dihedral angle of 26.81 (13)°.
Improved survival in pregnancy and pulmonary hypertension using a multiprofessional approach

Please cite this paper as: Kiely D, Condliffe R, Webster V, Mills G, Wrench I, Gandhi S, Selby K, Armstrong I, Martin L, Howarth E, Bu’Lock F, Stewart P, Elliot C. Improved survival in pregnancy and pulmonary hypertension using a multiprofessional approach. BJOG 2010;117:565–574.
2,2'-(1,2-Ethanediyldithio)bis(1,3-benzothiazole).

In the title compound, C(16)H(12)N(2)S(4), which is the result of the S-alkylation reaction of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole with ethylene dibromide, the planes of the two benzothiazole moieties form a dihedral angle of 3.84 (14) degrees. The bridging chain moiety, -SCH(2)CH(2)S-, adopts an antiperiplanar conformation. There are intermolecular S.S non-bonded contacts of 3.6471 (9) A, which stabilize the crystal packing.