Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined effect of low acid paste and modified atmospheric condition on quality changes of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei during chilled storage.

Antibacterial activity, total phenolic compound content, beta-carotene content and antioxidant activity of low acid paste, Tom-Yum paste was evaluated before subjected to apply to white shrimp as marinade agent. It was found that Tom-Yum paste could inhibit S. aureus, E. coli 0157:H7, L. monocytogenes and P. fluorescens with clear zone’s sizes of 21.2-24.8, 14.218. 3, 11.2-12.6 and 7.0-9.0 mm, respectively. The beta-carotene, total phenolic compound content and IC50 value of Tom-Yum paste were 676.46+52.41 μg/g dried sample, 1.00+0.07 g catechin/100 g dried sample and 2.17+0.16 mg dried sample/ml extract solution, respectively. The shelf-life of marinated shrimp kept in normal air and modified atmospheric packagings were 15-18 and 18-21 days, respectively, while shelf-life of raw white shrimp was only 9-12 days. Using marinating and modified atmosphere condition could provide more antibacterial and antioxidant properties resulted in increased white shrimp shelf-life.
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Male Reproductive Health

Phthalates and parabens are endocrine disrupting chemicals with ubiquitous human exposure. Medication coatings and personal care products (PCPs) are important exposure sources, however, their contribution to men’s exposure as well as health effects are understudied. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is used in some medication coatings e.g., mesalamine to treat inflammatory bowel disease. This work presents novel innovative methods to assess whether high-DBP exposure from mesalamine (>1000x background-exposure) altered serum reproductive hormones and semen quality. We took advantage of different mesalamine formulations with/without DBP to conduct a prospective crossover-crossback study (MARS study). We estimated crossover, crossback and carryover effects using multivariable linear mixed effect models. We conclude that high-DBP exposure disrupted serum levels of pituitary-gonadal hormone levels that largely reversed after exposure removal, but only in men with no/short history (< 3 years) of previous high-DBP exposure. However, high-DBP exposure among men with no history of high-DBP mesalamine use led to a reduction, primarily in sperm motility that was not reversed but became more pronounced (carried-over) after removal of exposure for four months. Paradoxically, among men with longer duration of high-DBP exposure, removal of the exposure did not change hormone levels or semen quality, suggesting that long-term high-DBP exposure may alter the pituitary-gonadal axis and spermatogenesis making them insensitive to DBP-exposure changes. Based on this work, we offer recommendations for designing future crossover-crossback studies including longer crossover-crossback durations and different timing of sample collection.
Comparison of temperatures measured with thermal infrared imaging and thermocouples in the vacuum cooling of cut rose (Rosa hybrida L. cv. First Red).

The temperature distributions of cut flowers under vacuum cooling are important to their vase life. In this work, the surface temperatures of the inner petal, outer petal, leaf and stem of cut rose (Rosa hybrida L. cv. First Red) were measured during the vacuum cooling process. Under a pressure reduction rate of 178.04 mbar min-1, measurements were made by using a thermal infrared camera and thermocouples; the performance of the two methods was compared. The temperature profiles presented significant differences in average cooling rates of the different parts of the cut flower. For the petal, leaf and stem, the temperature distributions measured with a thermal infrared camera were non-uniform; the maximum temperature difference between the inner and the outer petal was 9.9 °C. Moreover, the average initial and final temperatures measured with a thermal infrared camera were 2.46 °C and 4.50 °C, respectively, lower than the values obtained with the use of thermocouples. These results indicate that thermal infrared imaging could measure the average temperature of an area, which is more representative, rather than just a single point (as detected by the thermocouple). Key Words: cut flowers, rose, thermal infrared imaging, thermocouple, vacuum cooling
Comparison of values as clones and as progenitors for yield, vigour and yield efficiency: experiences from Côte d'Ivoire.

The study presented in this paper consisted of three comparisons between the performances of 23 clones evaluated in five clonal trials and their performances as progenitors in three progeny trials in Cote d'Ivoire, for yield, vigour and yield efficiency. Some significant correlations were observed in the case of two of the three progeny trials, but the sense of the correlations changed according to the genotypes under study, making the results inconclusive. Additional studies should be carried out, with much larger numbers of genotypes and in different environments, in order to obtain a clear appreciation of the possible use of clone values to predict combining ability. (Resume d'auteur)
Modeling Disease-Related Proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Insights into Alpha-Synuclein and TorsinA Biology

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has long been used to model complex cellular processes. As a eukaryote, much of its fundamental biology is conserved with higher organisms. As a single-celled, genetically tractable organism, it can easily be utilized for both high-throughput screening and hypothesis-driven analysis. Therefore, many groups use yeast to model disease-related proteins. One such model utilizes heterologous expression of α-synuclein (α-syn), a protein implicated in the progression of Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. α-Syn expression in yeast is associated with many phenotypes that are recapitulated in higher organisms. Here, I used yeast to characterize two naturally occurring splice isoforms of α-syn, α-synΔ4 and α-synΔ6. Levels of these isoforms vary between synucleinopathies but little is known about their biology. I found that these splice isoforms display different localization patterns than full-length α-syn (α-synFL) and are less toxic in yeast. However, when expressed at a high level, both splice isoforms can exert toxicity and affect similar processes to α-synFL. Interestingly, the splice isoforms show differential responses to perturbations in sterol homeostasis. Studies concerning the relationship between sterol levels and synucleinopathy progression have been contradictory. Our findings reveal that α-synΔ4 is less sensitive to changes in sterol levels than α-synFL and α-synΔ6, suggesting that change in α-syn splice isoforms levels is a potential mechanism for these conflicting results. I also describe an attempt to model torsinA pathobiology in yeast. Mutations in torsinA cause early onset torsion dystonia, a devastating motor disorder. This protein has been described to function in regulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through the unfolded protein response (UPR). While I was unable to recapitulate a role for torsinA in the UPR in yeast, this model can serve as a platform for discovery of torsinA cofactors that enable it to act in this capacity, especially as more is uncovered concerning torsinA's role in the UPR. This thesis highlights both the strengths and limitations of modeling disease proteins in yeast. More specifically, my success with α-syn splice isoforms may provide insight into synucleinopathy etiology, while my inability to model torsinA-induced toxicity can inform subsequent attempts to study disease related proteins in yeast.
TRAF5, an Activator of NF-κB and Putative Signal Transducer for the Lymphotoxin-β Receptor*

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) are signal transducers for several members of the TNF receptor superfamily. We have identified a novel member of the TRAF family by degenerate oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction amplification that contains a zinc RING finger and zinc finger motifs, a coiled-coil region, and a C-terminal “TRAF” homology domain. In vitro translated TRAF5 binds to the cytoplasmic region of the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LT-βR) but not to several other related receptors including CD40, both TNF receptors, Fas, and nerve growth factor receptor. TRAF5 and LT-βR coimmunoprecipitate when overexpressed in COS7 cells. TRAF5 mRNA expression is found in all visceral organs and overlaps with LT-βR. These features distinguish TRAF5 from the other members of the TRAF family. The transcription factor NF-κB is activated in HEK293 cells by overexpression of full-length TRAF5 but not a truncated form lacking the zinc binding region. Furthermore, overexpression of LT-βR in HEK293 cells also results in activation of NF-κB, which is partially inhibited by the truncated TRAF5 mutant. These results show TRAF5 is functionally similar to TRAF2 in that both mediate activation NF-κB and implicate TRAF5 as a signal transducer for LT-βR.
IS THE GROWTH RATE HYPOTHESIS APPLICABLE TO MICROALGAE? 1

The growth rate hypothesis (GRH) asserts, from known biochemistry, that maintaining high growth rates requires high concentrations of ribosomes. Since ribosomes are rich in phosphorus (P), the GRH predicts a positive correlation between growth rate and P content; this correlation is observed in some organisms. We consider the application of the GRH to phytoplankton and identify several key problems that require further research before the hypothesis can be accepted for these organisms. There are severe methodological problems that confound interpretation of data for testing the GRH. These problems include the measurement of protein and nucleic acids (such that ratio of these components carries a high level of uncertainty), studies of steady‐state versus dynamic systems, and the presentation of data per cell (especially as cell size varies with growth rate limitations) and the calculation of growth rates. In addition, because of the short generation times and rapid responses of these organisms to perturbations, ribosome and RNA content is expected to vary in response to (de)repression of various systems; content may increase on application of growth‐limiting stress. Finally, that most phytoplankton accumulate P when not P stressed conflicts with the GRH. In consequence, the value of the GRH for any sort of predictive role in nature appears to be severely limited. We conclude that the GRH cannot be assumed to apply to phytoplankton taxa without first performing experimental tests under transient conditions.
Residents' Attitudes Toward Tourism Development Options in Rural Oklahoma: The Case of Guthrie

Residents play a key role in the planning and development of the tourism industry in host communities. The purpose of this study was to examine residents’ attitudes toward tourism development options in Guthrie, Oklahoma. Building on the pioneer model of Perdue, Long, and Allen (1990) and using Social Exchange Theory (SET), as a theoretical framework, this study proposed and tested a model. The major research objectives of this study were to: (a) examine residents’ attitudes and identify factors that influence support toward specific tourism development options; b) compare the level of support toward additional tourism development of residents and entrepreneurs employed or not employed in the tourism industry; and (c) determine the ratings of acceptability of potential tourism development options in the research area. Participants of this study were residents (18 years or older) of Guthrie. Data were collected using a self-administered online survey, and an identical paper survey from March 2016 through May 2016 from voluntary participants. A series of multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships among the variables in the study. Analysis of variance was conducted to determine differences in the level of support for additional tourism between residents and entrepreneurs, employed or not employed in the tourism industry. Findings of the study indicated that respondents had favorable attitudes toward tourism in the community. Respondents were generally supportive of additional tourism development in the community, and the perceived positive impacts of tourism outweighed the perceived negative impacts. The higher level of support for additional tourism among respondents came from entrepreneurs in the community. The ratings and ranking of acceptability of potential tourism development options in the research area indicated that the most acceptable potential tourism development options among respondents were: festivals/ fairs/events, parks, and outdoor recreation opportunities. Om the contrary, bars, taverns, or clubs were the least acceptable development options among respondents. Overall, the results indicated that support for tourism development options in Guthrie was significantly influenced by residents’ perceived positive impacts of tourism and, residents’ support for additional tourism in the community.
Suprachiasmatic nuclei development: A characterization of transcription factors and the influence of retinal innervation and VIP signaling

S 2011 VanDunk C, Gray PA SCN Formation and Maturation: Influence of transcription factors, retinal innervation, and Vip signaling Gordon Research Conference on Chronobiology, Lucca, Italy 2010 VanDunk C, Gray PA Specific origin, dynamic maturation, and the necessity of Six3 in SCN development Society for Neuroscience Conference, SanDiego, CA VanDunk C, Gray PA Transcription Factor Coding of the Mouse SCN Sleep Research and Biological Rhythms Conference, Destin FL. 2009 VanDunk C, Gray PA Ontogeny of the Mouse Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Gordon Research Conference on Chronobiology, Newport, RI. 2008 VanDunk C, Gray PA Characterization of gene expression profiles in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus Society for Neuroscience Conference, Washington D.C. 2007 Gray PA, VanDunk C Developmental origins of ventral medullary NK1R neurons. Society for Neuroscience Conference, SanDiego, CA 2005 Nelson PG, Kuddo T, Song E, Dambrosia J, Kohler S, Satyanarayana G, VanDunk C, Grether J, Nelson KB. Measurement of trophins, peptides, and cytokines in blood of Down syndrome and autistic newborns and controls Society for Neuroscience Conference, Washington D.C.
Synchronized Expression of Two Bombyx mori Caspase Family Genes, ice-2 and ice-5 in Cells Induced by Ultraviolet Irradiation

The caspase family proteins play an important role in programmed cell death (apoptosis). To date, the expression profiles of the caspase family genes in Bombyx mori (Bm) are poorly known. In this study, we examined the expression profiles of two novel Bm caspase family genes (ice-2 and ice-5), the potential change of the mitochondrial membrane and the morphology in Bm cells after stimulation of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The results showed the potential change of the mitochondrial membrane occurred at 5 hours after UV irradiation treatment. Analysis of fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that both the ice-2 and ice-5 might be involved in UV induced apoptosis in Bm cells. Notably, after UV irradiating, expression pattern of ice-2 and ice-5 were remarkably different. The ice-2 gene was highly expressed at two time points, 0.5 and 5 hours after UV stimulating, while the expression level of ice-5 only peaked at 5 hours after UV stimulating. It indicated that apoptosis induced by UV irradiation was involved in the mitochondrial pathway and the two isoforms of Bm ice may act but play different role during the apoptosis of Bm cells.
Do Low CO 2 Concentrations Affect Pollen-Based Reconstructions of LGM Climates? A Response to Physi

O nd ch as ltine past ty of of the experimental evidence for interactions among CO 2, climate and plant physiology, and the implications for pollen-based leoclimatic reconstructions. Atmospheric concentrations of C 2, a basic nutrient for plants, have a long history of variation (Be 1997). Ice core records from the last 420,000 years show g concentrations as low as 200 ppm and interglacial levels up t ppm (Petitet al.,1999). The physiological responses of plant different concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 may in turn affec their climatic optima, by altering such properties as their wate efficiency and thermal optima for maximal growth (Polley et al., 1993, 1995). If full glacial CO2 concentrations of 200 ppm in fact affec plant–climate interactions, then, as Cowling and Sykes (1 rightly point out, this effect would weaken a key assump underlying pollen-based paleoclimatic reconstructions: tha observed relationship between modern pollen abundance climate can be transferred to fossil pollen abundances (Ba et al.,1986; Prenticeet al.,1991; Webbet al.,1993). The typ of photosynthetic pathway (C 3 or C4) available to a plan largely determines its response to changes in atmospheri 2 concentrations, so that the greatest effects of CO 2 upon com munity composition should occur in mixed communities o ecotones between C 3and C4-dominated communities. B ause accurate estimates of past climates are important he rapidly improving knowledge of plant–CO 2 interactions coming forward from physiological studies. From their review of the physiological evidence, Cowling Sykes (1999) draw two main conclusions: (1) the pollen-b reconstructions of climate during the last glacial maxim (LGM) may be overestimating its dryness, and (2) LGM clim may have been cooler than inferred from the fossil pollen. concur with their point about dryness but doubt their case warm bias in the pollen-based temperature reconstructions
Ethanol Exposure and Dendritic Cell Function

The influence of ethanol (EtOH) on multiple dendritic cell (DC) subsets, either in steady state or following mobilization in vivo, has not been characterized. Herein, the generation of mouse bone marrow (BM)-derived DC in fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand was inhibited by physiologically-relevant concentrations of EtOH, with selective suppression of plasmacytoid (p)DC. EtOH reduced surface expression of costimulatory (CD40, CD80, CD86) but not coinhibitory CD274 (B7-H1) molecules on resting or CpG-stimulated DC subsets. IL-12p70 production by activated DC was impaired. Consistent with these findings, EtOH-exposed (E)BMDC exhibited reduced capacity to induce naive allogeneic T cell proliferation and impaired ability to prime T cells in vivo. Further, T cells from animals primed with EBMDC produced elevated levels of IL-10 following ex vivo challenge with donor alloantigen. DC subsets freshly-isolated from EtOH-fed mice were also examined. Liver DC, inherently immature and resistant to maturation, exhibited little change in low surface cosignaling molecule expression, whereas splenic DC showed reduced expression of cosignaling molecules in response to CpG stimulation. These splenic DC elicited reduced naive allogeneic T cell proliferation in vitro, while the stimulatory capacity of resting but not CpG-activated liver DC was reduced by EtOH administration. In vivo, hepatic EDC elicited increased capacity to prime T cells compared to control hepatic DC. Conversely, splenic EDC exhibited impaired ability to prime T cells in vivo. This differential capacity of hepatic versus splenic EDC compared to control DC to prime T cells in vivo is likely due to several factors including differential phenotype and migratory capacity. In fact, liver EDC migrate in greater numbers to secondary lymphoid tissue compared to control liver DC. Thus, EtOH impairs cytokine-driven differentiation and function of mDC and pDC in vitro. Hepatic DC from chronic EtOH-fed mice are differentially affected compared to splenic DC. Splenic DC exhibit impaired functional maturation following CpG stimulation while hepatic DC exhibit altered migration to secondary lymphoid tissue. In addition to examining the effects of chronic EtOH exposure on DC, we have evaluated cell-mediated and humoral responses in EtOH-fed mice. In total, these results indicate potential mechanisms by which alcohol consumption is associated with immunosuppression.
Medical bacteriology : a practical approach

1. Bacteriology of Urine 2. Bacteriology of normally sterile body fluids 3. Bacteriology of the respiratory tract 4. Bacteriology of the genital tract 5. Bacteriology of superficial and deep tissue infection 6. Bacteriology of intestinal disease 7. Antibacterial susceptibility testing 8. Antimicrobial assays 9. Laboratory computing in medical microbiology 10. Quality control and quality assurance 11. Laboratory investigation of health-care associated infection 12. Epidemiological methods in the investigation of acute bacterial infections
Procedural Location of Roads Using Desire Paths

Procedural modelling of realistic environments that include elements derived from human activity can largely reduce production cost in animation, video-games and feature ﬁlms. We address the problem of placing roads and other human-made elements, such as buildings, in a way that is consistent with the scene relief. Our approach is based on the calculation of so called desire paths, by means of the generation of many optimal paths according to different cost or distance functions. Using this idea, we rely on the information of the terrain properties to emulate the exploration of the scenario by a large number of pedestrians. From the routes generated by the pedestrians, we deﬁne walkability and habitability maps on the scene that can be later used to locate roads or buildings.
An Exploratory Study on the Relationship between Changes and Refactoring

Refactoring aims at improving the internal structure of a software system without changing its external behavior. Previous studies empirically assessed, on the one hand, the benefits of refactoring in terms of code quality and developers' productivity, and on the other hand, the underlying reasons that push programmers to apply refactoring. Results achieved in the latter investigations indicate that besides personal motivation such as the responsibility concerned with code authorship, refactoring is mainly performed as a consequence of changes in the requirements rather than driven by software quality. However, these findings have been derived by surveying developers, and therefore no software repository study has been carried out to corroborate the achieved findings. To bridge this gap, we provide a quantitative investigation on the relationship between different types of code changes (i.e., Fault Repairing Modification, Feature Introduction Modification, and General Maintenance Modification) and 28 different refactoring types coming from 3 open source projects. Results showed that developers tend to apply a higher number of refactoring operations aimed at improving maintainability and comprehensibility of the source code when fixing bugs. Instead, when new features are implemented, more complex refactoring operations are performed to improve code cohesion. Most of the times, the underlying reasons behind the application of such refactoring operations are represented by the presence of duplicate code or previously introduced self-admitted technical debts.