Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hematopoiesis: New support for some old observations

Forty‐seven years ago, the parathyroid hormone (PTH) in one injection of Lilly's old bovine parathyroid extract, PTE, was found to greatly increase the 30‐day survival of heavily X‐irradiated rats when given from 18 h before to as long as 3 h after irradiation but no later. This was the first indication that PTH might stimulate hematopoiesis. Recent studies have confirmed the relation between PTH and hematopoiesis by showing that hPTH‐(1‐34)OH increases the size of the hematopoietic stem cell pool in mice. The peptide operates through a cyclic AMP‐mediated burst of Jagged 1 production in osteoblastic cells lining the stem cells' niches on trabecular bone surfaces. The osteoblastic cells' Jagged 1 increases the hematopoietic stem cell pool by activating Notch receptors on attached stem cells. PTH‐triggered cyclic AMP signals also directly stimulate the proliferation of the hematopoietic stem cells. However, the single PTH injection in the early experiments using PTE probably increased the survival of irradiated rats mainly by preventing the damaged hematopoietic progenitors from irreversibly initiating self‐destructive apoptogenesis during the first 5 h after irradiation. It has also been shown that several daily injections of hPTH‐(1‐34)OH enable lethally irradiated mice to survive by stimulating the growth of transplanted normal bone marrow cells. If the osteogenic PTHs currently entering or on the verge of entering the market for treating osteoporosis can also drive hematopoiesis in humans as well as rodents, they could be potent tools for reducing the damage inflicted on bone marrow by cytotoxic cancer chemotherapeutic drugs and ionizing radiation. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Draxin is involved in the proper development of the dI3 interneuron in chick spinal cord

Generation of the appropriate types, numbers and distribution of neurons during the development of the nervous system requires the careful coordination of proliferation, differentiation, and patterning. In this work, we analyzed the roles of a repulsive axon guidance protein, draxin, on the development of chick spinal cord dI3 interneuron. draxin mRNA and/or protein were detected in the roof plate at first and then the boundary region between the ventricular and the mantle zones in chick spinal cord and dorsal basement membrane of the chick spinal cord. Overexpression of draxin caused the decreased and delayed migration of the dI3 interneuron, the reduction of progenitor cell proliferation, and abnormal localization of some ectopic progenitor‐like cells in the mantle zone of the spinal cord. Our data reveal that draxin may be involved in the proper development of the dI3 interneuron in chick spinal cord. Developmental Dynamics 239:1654–1663, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Total protein content and protein synthesis within pre‐elongation stage bovine embryos

Protein content was measured in zona‐free bovine oocytes and pre‐elongation stage embryos, following in vitro maturation, fertilisation, and then culture in Synthetic Oviduct Fluid medium supplemented with amino acids and 8 mg ml‐1 bovine serum albumin (BSA). Values (ng embryo‐1) of 122 ± 7.8, 137 ± 8.6, 111 ± 8.8, 115 ± 10.4, 139 ± 9.0 and 152 ± 10.1 were obtained for zona‐free mature oocytes, 2‐cell (day 2), 8‐cell (day 3), compact morula (day 6), blastocyst (day 7), and expanded blastocyst (day 8) stage embryos, respectively. The protein content of day 7 zona‐enclosed blastocysts was 337 ± 58.0 ng embryo‐1. These values suggest that prior to compaction and blastulation, the early cleavage stage bovine embryo has a higher rate of protein degradation than that of synthesis. Net growth is observed only after initiation of compaction. The protein content of day 7 blastocysts was measured in embryos following in vitro production and culture in the same media supplemented with either 0.5% w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 8 mg ml‐1 BSA, 8 mg ml‐1 BSA and further supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) from the beginning of culture (FCS‐D1), 8 mg ml‐1 BSA and 10% FCS from the fourth day of culture (day 5 of development) or from in vivo‐derived day 7 blastocysts. Protein content was significantly (P< 0.05) lower in PVA‐cultured embryos than other treatments. To determine if this difference in PVA‐cultured embryos was due to a difference in the rate of protein synthesis, comparisons were made between day 7 embryos derived from BSA‐culture and either PVA‐culture, FCS‐D1 culture or in vivo‐derived embryos. Despite differences in diameter, no significant difference was observed in the incorporation of L‐[2,3,4,5,6‐3H]‐phenylalanine into the TCA‐precipitable fraction in any of the three comparisons made. However, incubation in the presence of FITC‐labelled BSA or β‐casein and examination under either fluorescence or confocal microscopy revealed that protein in the extra‐embryonic environment was actively taken up by the trophectoderm of day 7 blastocysts, most likely by endocytosis. These results suggest that exogenous protein is an important nutritive source, probably maintaining intracellular amino acid pools. Results obtained from the production of embryos in protein‐free medium should be viewed with the knowledge that such embryos differ metabolically from those embryos grown in the presence of protein, including in vivo‐derived embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 50:139–145, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Remediation of Chlorinated Ethenes Using Reactive Iron Barrier and Its Impact on Indigenous Bacteria

Chlorinated ethenes are among the most often detected organic contaminants in groundwater. Under anaerobic conditions, tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) can be degraded by the sequence of reductive dechlorination steps through the intermediate products cis-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) to ethene. This process is driven either by specific microorganisms or by reductive agents, such as nano or microscale zero-valent iron particles (nZVI or mZVI). A permeable reactive barrier was prepared by applying a mixture of nZVI and mZVI to the series of wells downstream from the source of the contamination. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR analysis of microbial composition of groundwater upstream and downstream of the barrier revealed strong influence of iron-driven dechlorination on the recovery of microbial colonization of groundwater including bacteria capable of degrading chlorinated ethenes.
Long-term risk of vascular events after peripheral bypass surgery

Summary Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are at high risk of major ischaemic events. Long-term data of all major ischaemic events in PAD patients are scarce and outdated, especially for patients with severe PAD requiring bypass surgery. Our objective was to define their longterm prognosis and develop a prediction model which quantifies this risk up to a decade after surgery. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in patients from the Dutch Bypass Oral anticoagulants or Aspirin (BOA) Study; a multicentre randomised trial comparing oral anticoagulants with aspirin after infrainguinal bypass surgery. The primary outcome was the composite event of nonfatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischaemic stroke, major amputation, and vascular death. Cumulative risks were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and independent determinants by multivariable Cox regression models. From 1995 until 2009, 482 patients were followed for a median period of 7.8 years. Follow-up was complete in 94%. Overall 60% of patients experienced a primary outcome event, of which the majority was a vascular death (30%), followed by major amputations (12%). The primary cause of vascular death was a cardiovascular event (29%), whereas the minority was due to complications directly related to PAD (6%). Within five years after bypass surgery vascular death occurred in about a quarter of patients and within 10 years in nearly half of patients. This was double the rate as for non-vascular death. The primary outcome event occurred in over a third and over half of patients in 5 and 10 years after bypass surgery, respectively. From four independent determinants for the primary outcome event: age, diabetes, critical limb ischaemia, and prior vascular interventions, we developed a risk chart, which systematically classifies the 10-year risks of the primary outcome event, ranging from 25% to 85%. This study provided a detailed insight in the course of PAD long after peripheral bypass surgery and enables individual risk assessment of major fatal and non-fatal ischaemic events by means of cumulative incidences and a risk chart.
Can You Find All the Data You Expect in a Linked Dataset?

The huge volume of datasets available on the Web has motivated the development of a new class of Web applications, which allow users to perform complex queries on top of a set of predefined linked datasets. However, given the large number of available datasets and the lack of information about their quality, the selection of datasets for a particular application may become a very complex and time consuming task. In this work, we argue that one possible way of helping the selection of datasets for a given application consists of evaluating the completeness of the dataset with respect to the data considered as important by the application users. With this in mind, we propose an approach to assess the completeness of a linked dataset, which considers a set of specific data requirements and allows saving large amounts of query processing. To provide a more detailed evaluation, we propose three distinct types of completeness: schema, literal and instance completeness. We present the definitions underlying our approach and some results obtained with the accomplished evaluation.
Conformations and electronic structures of oxidized and reduced isoalloxazine.

The conformations of oxidized and reduced isoalloxazine have been examined by a molecular orbital method, PRDDO (partial retention of diatomic differential overlap). The angle theta of fold about the N.N line of the central ring is zero for the planar oxidized form, but a bend of theta = 10 degrees requires only 2 kcal/mol. On the other hand, the reduced form is nonplanar (theta approximately 15 degrees), and the barrier for reversal of this bend is 4 kcal/mol, comparable with that in simple amines. Molecular properties and reactivity are interpreted in terms of charge and orbital distributions, and localized molecular orbitals have been derived by the method of Boys.
Demodulator design for satellite packet data systems

In this paper, a fuzzy adaptive filter (FAF) is applied to satellite packet data system demodulation. This approach is much simpler than the existing demodulator. it achieves better performance (0.3 dB gain) than the existing schemes such as linear interpolation with decision feedback. This algorithm breaks the limitation of the number of unique words (training sequences) and nonuniform pattern of the unique word. The parameters are determined via mining and extracting knowledge based on the unique word.
Turbulence in Blood Damage Modeling

Purpose To account for the impact of turbulence in blood damage modeling, a novel approach based on the generation of instantaneous flow fields from RANS simulations is proposed. Methods Turbulent flow in a bileaflet mechanical heart valve was simulated using RANS-based (SST k-ω) flow solver using FLUENT 14.5. The calculated Reynolds shear stress (RSS) field is transformed into a set of divergence-free random vector fields representing turbulent velocity fluctuations using procedural noise functions. To consider the random path of the blood cells, instantaneous flow fields were computed for each time step by summation of RSS-based divergence-free random and mean velocity fields. Using those instantaneous flow fields, instantaneous pathlines and corresponding point-wise instantaneous shear stresses were calculated. For a comparison, averaged pathlines based on mean velocity field and respective viscous shear stresses together with RSS values were calculated. Finally, the blood damage index (hemolysis) was integrated along the averaged and instantaneous pathlines using a power law approach and then compared. Results Using RSS in blood damage modeling without a correction factor overestimates damaging stress and thus the blood damage (hemolysis). Blood damage histograms based on both presented approaches differ. Conclusions A novel approach to calculate blood damage without using RSS as a damaging parameter is established. The results of our numerical experiment support the hypothesis that the use of RSS as a damaging parameter should be avoided.
Quantitative Dermatopathology of 11 Skin Conditions through Transfer Learning of Tissue Photon Interaction Statistical Physics

Quantitative dermatopathology is being widely employed in clinical practices for precise detection of various skin conditions. Dermatoscopes are placed in contact with the skin for visual observation and this (a) risks cross-contamination between investigated subjects and (b) limits instrument use when investigating infectious lesions and wounds. This paper presents a framework for quantitative dermatopathology using consumer grade camera for contact free imaging of skin conditions. Inductive transfer learning of tissue-photon-interaction (TPI) statistical physics modeled for 11 skin conditions estimates TPI as a spatially localized poisson process of photons sensed by the RGB sensors, and utilizes this knowledge to detect skin condition. Inter-camera and illumination variations are compensated by including a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) based photon density normalization across all images in the dataset. 8-folded crossvalidation experiments over a dataset of 440 images of 11 skin conditions provided the condition identification accuracy of 94.55 ± 5.05% within the top-3 predictions.
Surgical Manipulation of the Occlusal Plane in Class III Deformities: 5 Features to Help Planning

Class III malocclusion is one of the most common deformities that requires correction through orthodontic-surgical treatment. These patients present different facial patterns depending on the occlusal plane angulation. These patients may benefit from surgical manipulation of the occlusal plane, because only bite correction does not always lead to the improvement of the facial deformity. The purpose of this paper is to show the surgical manipulation of the occlusal plane in Class III patients based on five features: 1) facial type, 2) upper incisor display at rest, 3) dental exposure during smile, 4) soft tissue support, and 5) chin projection. The surgical manipulation of the occlusal plane can improve the esthetic outcome in the treatment of class III deformities, and careful evaluation of the five features described could be a helpful planning method.
Back-Focal-Plane Interferometry for 3D Position Tracking in Optical Tweezers

A far-field interferometry is presented to track the 3D positions of an optically trapped particle. This method can resolve the displacement within nanometers by measuring the intensity shift in the back-focal-plane of the lens which is introduced by the interference between the outgoing laser beam and scattered light from the trapped particle. Factors that affect its characteristics are elaborately analyzed using approximate formula and FDTD stimulation. Also, we propose a valid method to minimize the thermal noise that introduced by Brownian motion of the trapped particle.
DRAM memory electrical yield improvement by backgrinding induced backside damage

This work investigates the electrical yield improvement by backgrinding process on DRAM backside with different wafer grinding technologies. The level of damage present in wafer backside subjected to different grinding technology is characterized. By comparing TEM analysis of strain layer and electrical testing result from samples that had undergone different backgrinding technologies, the most effective suitable processing conditions for the purpose of DRAM yield improvement were determined.
A Review of Preclinical Safety Data for Magnevist (Gadopentetate Dimeglumine) in the Context of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

Objectives:Magnevist (gadopentetate dimeglumine, Bayer Healthcare, Bayer) is a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) for magnetic resonance imaging approved for clinical use in various indications since 1988. A possible association between the administration of GBCAs to patients with severe kidney impairment, and a condition first identified in 2000 and later described as “nephrogenic systemic fibrosis” (NSF), was published in early 2006. In the light of this reported association and the published histologic findings of certain NSF patients, Bayer, with support of external experts, reassessed the preclinical safety data from in vivo studies in healthy rats and dogs that were conducted with Magnevist during the drug development process in the mid-80s. These studies, which were performed according to standard regulatory requirements as defined in pertinent guidelines and which were conducted before the reported association between GBCAs and NSF, were not specifically designed to detect NSF-like lesions. Instead, the intention of this reassessment was to analyze whether the acquired knowledge on NSF would lead to a revised interpretation of the original preclinical data. Materials and Methods:Studies on repeat-dose toxicity of Magnevist performed in the mid-80s with healthy rats and dogs were re-evaluated, with special emphasis on the retrospective analysis of morphologic findings which have come to be considered potentially suggestive of NSF. In particular, histologic slides of the skin of repeat-dose toxicity studies were re-examined by Bayer pathologists, with a special focus on the occurrence of morphologic lesions that have subsequently been identified as consistent with NSF. In addition, slides from selected studies were also subjected to a blinded external peer review by an independent international Pathology Working Group. Results:A review of the preclinical data from the repeated-dose toxicity studies provided no evidence for toxicological effects after administration of Magnevist, which could be construed as suggestive of or consistent with NSF. More specifically, histopathology peer reviews of skin samples from repeated-dose toxicity studies with rats and dogs revealed no signs of skin lesions even after repeated high-dose administration to rats of 5.0 mmol Gd/kg of Magnevist (50 times the standard diagnostic dose). Conclusions:No findings were observed in any of the preclinical studies with Magnevist in healthy rats and dogs which could be characterized as similar to the types of morphologic lesions that have subsequently been identified as consistent with NSF. This preclinical assessment is in contrast to the reported clinical evidence of rare NSF cases in patients with severe kidney impairment after Magnevist administration. The differences between the preclinical models and their predictive limitations with regard to the clinical situation of renally impaired patients are discussed.
HTS Tapes Selection for Superconducting Current Limiters

The superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) are highly effective solutions to reduce fault current in electric power system. The process of quenching may occur in all superconducting devices, but in fault current limiters this process must be fully controlled. Uncontrolled transition of the superconducting tape from the superconducting state to the resistive state may cause overheating and burning of the high temperature superconductor (HTS) tape and, consequently, lead to the destruction of the entire superconducting device. In this study, we described a simulation model to analyze the electrical and thermal behavior of the SFCL. By using this simulation model, we evaluated the transition of temperature of the REBCO coated conductor during the fault current limitation. We determined and described maximal parameters for the HTS tapes that can be applied to the superconductor without thermal degradation during fault.
ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BACTERIAL STRAINS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN RURAL MAHARASHTRA

Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the etiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients attending B.K. L. Walawalkar Hospital, Dervan and to determine their antibiotic sensitivity pattern to currently used antimicrobial agents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural hospital of Konkan Maharashtra, and urine samples were collected from368 clinically - suspected cases of UTIs using the mid-stream “clean catch” method and was tested and cultured using standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) was performed for the isolated pathogens according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. R esults: Escherichia coli (54.84%) was the most prevalent uropathogen. 76.47% of the isolated E. coli were found to be extended spectrum beta lactamase producers. A higher prevalence rate of resistance was seen among E. coli to the commonly prescribed antibiotic agents. 32 (94.11%) of34 E. coli isolates recovered had multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR), with 16 isolates (50%) possessing MAR indices of 0.6. C onclusion: The study indicates the isolated microorganisms in UTI showed very high resistance to the commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs. This suggests the monitoring and rational use of the antimicrobial agents. Ke ywords: Mid-stream, Culture, Uropathogen, Resistance, Multiple antibiotic resistance.
Comparison of PIV measurements and a discrete particle model in a rectangular 3D spout-fluid bed

Particle image velocimetry and a 3D hard sphere discrete particle model were applied to determine particle velocity profiles in the plane around a spout in a spoutfluid bed for various initial bed heights, spout and background fluidization velocities. Comparison between experimental and numerical results revealed that the particle velocities are underestimated by particle image velocimetry, which is probably caused by steep velocity gradients, and overestimated by the model, which is probably caused by the closure for fluid-particle drag.
Combined cytogenetic, FISH and molecular analysis in acute promyelocytic leukaemia at diagnosis and in complete remission

Summary. This study reports the results of a simultaneous application of cytogenetic fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular analysis (RT‐PCR) in 28 APL cases (23 M3 and five M3v; 26 studied at diagnosis and two at relapse). FISH on metaphases identified the t(15;17) in all cases who were positive for the PML/RAR a transcript by RT‐PCR. Conventional cytogenetics revealed the t(15; 17) in only 68% of cases. However, it enabled the detection of additional chromosome changes in five cases, three of whom were M3v. 11 patients were also investigated during complete remission (CR) by both FISH and RT‐PCR, in order to evaluate residual disease; the duration of CR at the time of analysis ranged between 1 and 16 months, with three patients being studied twice. Comparison of RT‐PCR and FISH results showed a very good correlation. In fact, of the 10 samples which were RT‐PCR positive for residual disease, all were also recognized by interphase FISH, and eight were positive by metaphase FISH. Of the three samples negative at RT‐PCR, all were also negative at the interphase FISH. The results of this study indicate that: (a) the t(15;17) is present in all cases positive for the PML/RAR a rearrangement, thus in virtually all true APLs; (b) standard cytogenetics, capable of unravelling the t(15;17) in only 68% of cases, enables recognition of additional chromosome changes of potential clinical and prognostic significance; (c) FISH on interphase nuclei is a reliable tool for the monitoring of residual disease, with a sensitivity greater than that of FISH on metaphase cells and superimposable to that of RT‐PCR.