Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The determinants of bank branch location in India: an empirical investigation

PurposeBank branching plays a significant role in a wide range of economic activities. Existing studies on determinants of bank branching activities largely focus on developed countries; studies devoted to developing countries are scant. The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of bank branching activities in one of the largest developing country India.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a unique longitudinal data to study the determinants of bank branch location in India. These data are collected at the state level covering 25 Indian states for the period 2006–2017. The authors employ Poisson regression that are better suited for modeling counted dependent variable.FindingsFirst, region and bank specific factors such as size of population and bank deposits influence location of bank branches. Second, the relationship between these factors and branch locations is heterogeneous across different types of banks and across states with different business environments.Practical implicationsFirst, from the view of banks, considering the factors of branch location are crucial in order to set out branching strategy. Irrespective of policy measures aimed at promoting financial inclusion in India, the authors show that banks consider economic activities in the region in locating their branches. Second, from the view of policy makers and regulators, such branching strategy could potentially contribute to financial exclusion. As a result, population in the less developed regions may be excluded from accessing financial services. Hence, policy makers and regulators should take into this account when formulating policies aimed at promoting financial inclusion.Originality/valueFirst, while existing studies largely focus on developed countries, studies devoted to developing countries are scant. To the best of our knowledge, the authors have not come across any study that investigates the determinants of bank branch location in India, so the authors reasonably believe that this study is a first-of-its-kind. Second, the study provides a new perspective concerning how regional and bank specific factors influence banks of different ownership in locating branches. Third, while traditional regression used to be a method of choice among early studies, the authors employ Poisson regression that is better suited for modeling counted dependent variable.
Deep learning based wavefront sensor for complex wavefront detection in adaptive optical microscopes

The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS) is an essential tool for wavefront sensing in adaptive optical microscopes. However, the distorted spots induced by the complex wavefront challenge its detection performance. Here, we propose a deep learning based wavefront detection method which combines point spread function image based Zernike coefficient estimation and wavefront stitching. Rather than using the centroid displacements of each micro-lens, this method first estimates the Zernike coefficients of local wavefront distribution over each micro-lens and then stitches the local wavefronts for reconstruction. The proposed method can offer low root mean square wavefront errors and high accuracy for complex wavefront detection, and has potential to be applied in adaptive optical microscopes.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE: A STUDY OF WORKING WOMEN TEACHERS IN PUBLIC SECTOR UNIVERSITIES

Purpose of the study: The present study focuses to explore the relationship of emotional intelligence with the work-life balance of working women at the university level in Pakistan. The objectives of the study were: i) to determine the level of emotional intelligence and work-life balance of working women of public sector universities in KP; ii) to find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and work-life balance of working women of the public sector universities in KP. Methodology: The study was quantitative in nature and the survey method was used to collect data. The population consisted of all working women of public sector universities in KP. The sample of the study consisted of 350 working women randomly selected from 06 universities public sector universities. In this respect, two research instruments were developed one for measuring work-life balance and the second for measuring Emotional Intelligence. Data were collected after seeking consent from the working women. The data were analyzed by using statistical techniques. Main Findings: It was found that the majority of the working women had high emotional intelligence with a high work-life balance. A significant correlation was found between emotional intelligence and the work-life balance of working women. It was concluded that high emotional intelligence leads to a high work-life balance. Applications of this study: Therefore, it is recommended that university administration may develop such programs and policies that may facilitate employees’ work-life balance. Higher authorities may arrange training sessions for stress management which may help employees to reduce their stress and keep balance in their personal and professional life. Novelty/Originality of this study: The readers may come to know about the emotional intelligence and work-life balance of working teachers especially women in higher institutions and how both factors are correlated.
Recognition and Analysis of Image Patterns Based on Latin Squares by Means of Computational Algebraic Geometry

With the particular interest of being implemented in cryptography, the recognition and analysis of image patterns based on Latin squares has recently arisen as an efficient new approach for classifying partial Latin squares into isomorphism classes. This paper shows how the use of a Computer Algebra System (CAS) becomes necessary to delve into this aspect. Thus, the recognition and analysis of image patterns based on these combinatorial structures benefits from the use of computational algebraic geometry to determine whether two given partial Latin squares describe the same affine algebraic set. This paper delves into this topic by focusing on the use of a CAS to characterize when two partial Latin squares are either partial transpose or partial isotopic.
Measurement of two-photon excitation cross sections of molecular fluorophores with data from 690 to 1050 nm

Measurements of two-photon fluorescence excitation (TPE) spectra are presented for 11 common molecular fluorophores in the excitation wavelength range 690 nm < λ < 1050 nm. Results of excitation by ∼100-fs pulses of a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser are corroborated by single-mode cw Ti:sapphire excitation data in the range 710 nm < λ < 840 nm. Absolute values of the TPE cross section for Rhodamine B and Fluorescein are obtained by comparison with one-photon-excited fluorescence, assuming equal emission quantum efficiencies. TPE action cross sections for the other nine fluorophores are also determined. No differences between one-photon- and two-photon-excited fluorescence emission spectra are found. TPE emission spectra are independent of excitation wavelength. With both pulsed and cw excitation the fluorescence emission intensities are strictly proportional to the square of the excitation intensity to within ±4% for excitation intensities sufficiently below excited-state saturation.
The role of deterministic succession during forest development within a southern African savanna

Woody encroachment can lead to a switch from open savannas to dense woodlands or forests. This has implications for both the composition of ecological communities and the provision of ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and grazing capacity. The patterns and underlying drivers responsible for woody encroachment are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the underlying determinants of bush clump formation (a form of encroachment) in a South African savanna and explore whether bush clump succession is driven by deterministic (i.e., predictable changes in species composition) or stochastic (i.e., random) processes. Specifically, we test (1) whether the similarity in species composition of saplings and trees differs among small and large clumps, (2) which environmental factors are driving succession, and (3) whether forest specialization of tree and sapling species within bush clumps increases with the successional gradient. Similarity in species composition between saplings in small clumps and trees in large clumps was higher than similarity between trees in small clumps and trees in large clumps. Furthermore, temperature, soil moisture, relative humidity, and light intensity were related to changes in species composition along the successional gradient. As expected, forest specialization of trees increased with increasing clump area indicating that late‐successional bush clumps have more forest‐type species. The directional changes of species found along the successional gradient suggest a deterministic process of succession driven by changes in local environmental conditions during clump formation.
Pedagogies of Turkish Mosque Education in the Netherlands

This is a study of mosque pedagogies and their relevance for the formation of the moral and political identity of Turkish-Dutch youth. Based on fieldwork in two mosques affiliated with Milli Görüş and Diyanet in the Netherlands, the study identifies three different pedagogies practiced in the mosque classrooms: pedagogy of national identity building, unorthodox pedagogies of bonding, and pedagogies of moral formation. The findings show that teaching activities in both mosques contain messages pertaining to citizenship norms and values in areas such as interaction between different genders, ideas of crime, justice and punishment, relationship to authority and boundaries of individual autonomy. Apart from auxiliary use of Dutch and copying Dutch schools’ motivation and discipline strategies, we did not find specific Dutch aspects of the education that was provided. The intention to create a pious and nationalist diaspora youth was a common denominator for the pedagogies of both mosques.
Leaf Photosynthesis and Carbon Metabolism Adapt to Crop Load in ‘Gala’ Apple Trees

It is widely accepted that a tight coordination between carbon (C) utilization in the sink and C assimilation and metabolism in the source exists in higher plants. However, much of our current understanding is based on research from herbaceous plants, where the source and sink interaction is less sophisticated compared to woody perennials with a significant sink presence. Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) is a good representative of the latter category, and its production and transport of sorbitol, in addition to sucrose, adds complexity to C regulation. In this study, four-year-old “Gala”/”M.26” apple trees were subjected to crop load levels at 2.5, 7.5, and 15 fruits/cm2 trunk cross-sectional area. Low crop load trees exhibited reduced leaf C assimilation and extra accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC). This was primarily a result of reduced activity of Rubisco and increased activities of key enzymes that synthesize starch, sucrose, and sorbitol. Among the NSC, leaf starch was found to be most sensitive to crop load and could function as a leading indicator for source–sink balance in apple. However, even the high crop load trees still retained a significant amount of NSC in leaves at dawn, demonstrating that apple is fundamentally different from herbaceous plants in the way it balances leaf carbon inventories at dawn with carbon export at night for sink growth.
On the retrieval of atmospheric profiles

The GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars) instrument on board the Envisat satellite measures the vertical composition of the atmosphere using the stellar occultation technique. While the night-time occultations of GOMOS have been proven to be of good quality, the daytime occultations are more challenging due to weaker signal-to-noise ratio. During daytime GOMOS measures limb scattered solar radiation in addition to stellar radiation. In this paper we introduce a retrieval method that determines ozone profiles between 20–60 km from GOMOS limb scattered solar radiances. GOMOS observations contain a considerable amount of stray light at high altitudes. We introduce a method for removing stray light and demonstrate its feasibility by comparing the corrected radiances against those measured by the OSIRIS (Optical Spectrograph & Infra Red Imaging System) instrument. For the retrieval of ozone profiles, a standard onion peeling method is used. The first comparisons with other data sets suggest that the retrieved ozone profiles in 22–50 km are within 10% compared with the GOMOS night-time occultations and within 15% compared with OSIRIS. GOMOS has measured about 350 000 daytime profiles since 2002. The retrieval method presented here makes this large amount of data available for scientific use. Correspondence to: S. Tukiainen (simo.tukiainen@fmi.fi)
OMNI AND MULTI-CHANNEL: RELATIONSHIP WITH UTILITARIAN/HEDONIC BENEFITS, SHOPPING VALUE AND CHANNEL PATRONAGE

This study makes an attempt to examine channel patronage, a narrow research gap from literature in the omni and multichannel concept, additionally it has taken up shopping value, utilitarian and hedonic benefits . It examined the characteristics and relationship of omni and multi-channel. It observed whether channels deliver shopping value to customers. It found shopping value is created have significant relationship with utilitarian and hedonic benefits. Ultimately this study fills the research gap by throwing light on why customers show patronage for a retail channel and does shopping value effect it. Reflective first and second order model was used. Both EFA and CFA were performed. Average variance extracted, composite reliability, Cronbach’s alpha, cross loadings and Fornell and Lacker’s values were used to assess convergent and discriminant validity for measurement model. Path coefficient was used to assess structural model. Validation of structural model was done using R 2 , f 2 and Q 2 . It was found that respondents opine omni is different and better than multi-channel. Utilitarian and hedonic have relationship with both, but are better in omni than multi-channel. Independently, shopping value and customer patronage have relationship with utilitarian and hedonic; omni and multi-channels; but they are better in hedonic than utilitarian; and omni than multi-channel. Customer patronage has relationship with shopping value and is better in omni than multichannel when moderated by later.
Indium–gallium–zinc–oxide thin-film transistors: Materials, devices, and applications

Since the invention of amorphous indium–gallium–zinc–oxide (IGZO) based thin-film transistors (TFTs) by Hideo Hosono in 2004, investigations on the topic of IGZO TFTs have been rapidly expanded thanks to their high electrical performance, large-area uniformity, and low processing temperature. This article reviews the recent progress and major trends in the field of IGZO-based TFTs. After a brief introduction of the history of IGZO and the main advantages of IGZO-based TFTs, an overview of IGZO materials and IGZO-based TFTs is given. In this part, IGZO material electron travelling orbitals and deposition methods are introduced, and the specific device structures and electrical performance are also presented. Afterwards, the recent advances of IGZO-based TFT applications are summarized, including flat panel display drivers, novel sensors, and emerging neuromorphic systems. In particular, the realization of flexible electronic systems is discussed. The last part of this review consists of the conclusions and gives an outlook over the field with a prediction for the future.
Three-dimensional anthropometry in periorbital region

Anthropometry can analyze the size, weight, and proportion of the human body objectively and quantitatively to supplement the visual assessment. Various non-invasive three-dimensional (3D) anthropometric techniques have been applied to assess soft tissues’ 3D morphology in the clinical practice. Among them, non-invasive stereophotogrammetry and laser scanning techniques are becoming increasingly popular in craniofacial surgery and plastic surgery. They have been applied for craniofacial growth estimation and morphometric investigation, genetic and acquired malformation diagnosis, as well as orthodontic or surgical treatment arrangement and outcome evaluation. However, few studies have been published for assessing the 3D morphology of soft tissues in the periorbital region. This paper reviews the studies involving the application and evaluation of the increasingly popular 3D photogrammetry in the periorbital region. These studies proposed detailed and standardized protocols for three-dimensionally assessing linear, curvilinear, angular, as well as volumetric measurements, and verified its high reliability in the periorbital region (even higher than caliper-derived direct measurements). In the future, reliable and accurate 3D imaging techniques, as well as standardized analyzing protocols, may find applications in following up morphological growth, preoperatively diagnosing and assessing patient periorbital conditions, planning surgical procedures, postoperatively evaluating treatment outcomes of a specific procedure, and comparing the differences in surgical results between various procedures, studies, as well as populations.
Calculation of Two Types of Quaternion Step Derivatives of Elementary Functions

We aim to get the step derivative of a complex function, as it derives the step derivative in the imaginary direction of a real function. Given that the step derivative of a complex function cannot be derived using i, which is used to derive the step derivative of a real function, we intend to derive the complex function using the base direction of the quaternion. Because many analytical studies on quaternions have been conducted, various examples can be presented using the expression of the elementary function of a quaternion. In a previous study, the base direction of the quaternion was regarded as the base separate from the basis of the complex number. However, considering the properties of the quaternion, we propose two types of step derivatives in this study. The step derivative is first defined in the j direction, which includes a quaternion. Furthermore, the step derivative in the j+k2 direction is determined using the rule between bases i, j, and k defined in the quaternion. We present examples in which the definition of the j-step derivative and (j,k)-step derivative are applied to elementary functions ez, sinz, and cosz.
Mobile Cloud Computing and Wireless Sensor Networks: A review, integration architecture, and future directions

In today's fast advancing world, sensors are used invarious applications to provide complete data about differentobjects present around us. The sensor datawhenintegrated with Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is used for further computation to provide useful results advanced warning, forecasting, planning, and plethora of other applications in this uncertain world. Few works have been proposed where sensor nodes are integrated with Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) which give a new direction in modern research for developing new technologies which help the users for fast access of sensory data over mobile devices. Herein, a systematic literature review of both MCC and WSNs are conducted and subsequently assimilated them via an architecture which is efficient and achievable within short time ‐ span for a variety of applications. The MCC applications are reviewed from two main perspectives that are energy and information management. The communication aspect in MCC and WSNs has been discussed and the need for integration between the two has been justified in this work. The work done on mobility management in MCC and WSNs is reviewed. Also, the challenges in MCC ‐ WSNs integration along with the comprehensive analysis and findings of the review are identified. Finally, the conclusion and specific future direction of research in this area are
Whistler‐Mode Waves Trapped by Density Irregularities in the Earth's Magnetosphere

Whistler‐mode waves are electromagnetic waves pervasively observed in the Earth's and other planetary magnetospheres. They are considered to be mainly responsible for producing the hazardous radiation and diffuse aurora, which heavily relies on their properties. Density irregularities, frequently observed in the Earth's magnetospheres, are found to change largely the properties of whistler‐mode waves. Here we report, using Van Allen Probes measurements, whistler‐mode waves strongly modulated by two different density enhancements. With particle‐in‐cell simulations, we propose wave trapping caused by field‐aligned density irregularities (ducts) may account for this phenomenon. Simulation results show that whistler‐mode waves can be trapped inside the enhanced density ducts. These trapped waves remain quasi‐parallel and usually get much larger amplitudes than those unducted whistler waves during propagation away from the magnetic equator, and tend to focus at a spatially narrow channel, consistent with observations. Our results imply density irregularities may be significant to modulate radiation‐belt electrons.
A Meta-Synthesis of Bibliometric Reviews of Research on Managing for Sustainability, 1982–2019

This review of research used meta-synthesis to integrate findings from seven bibliometric reviews of research on managing for sustainability in different management disciplines: leadership, human resource management, entrepreneurship management, innovation management, supply chain management, knowledge management, and strategic management. The purposes of the review were to document empirically key features of this knowledge base as well as to identify leading journals, and documents. The meta-synthesis analyzed bibliographic data associated with 9927 relevant documents sourced from the Scopus index. The review confirmed the existence of a large body of management research on sustainability. This research, which first emerged during the 1980s, has grown exponentially since 2010. Although authorship of this corpus has been concentrated in Anglo-American-European (AAE) societies (60%), the authors of this corpus represent 140 different societies. Moreover, there is a recent trend of increasing contributions from developing societies such as China, India, Malaysia, Brazil, and South Africa. There are large differences in the “between-discipline” proportion of research produced on sustainability topics, with knowledge management and supply chain management evidencing the largest and human resource management the smallest proportions of this literature. The review also provided insight into the most influential journals (e.g., Journal of Cleaner Production, Sustainability, International Journal of Production Economics, Business Strategy and the Environment) and documents in the literature on managing for sustainability. Document co-citation analysis yielded three key conceptual themes within this literature: Sustainable Supply Chain Management, Strategic Management of Resources for Sustainability, Social Entrepreneurship. This analysis further highlighted the central role that strategic management theories have played in shaping sustainability discourse across the different management disciplines.