Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algorithm for detecting attacks on Web applications based on machine learning methods and attributes queries

Abstract—Almost developed applications tend to become as accessible as possible to the user on the Internet. Different applications often store their data in cyberspace for more effective work and entertainment, such as Google Docs, emails, cloud storage, maps, weather, news,. Attacks on Web resources most often occur at the application level, in the form of HTTP/HTTPS-requests to the site, where traditional firewalls have limited capabilities for analysis and detection attacks. To protect Web resources from attacks at the application level, there are special tools - Web Application Firewall (WAF). This article presents an anomaly detection algorithm, and how it works in the open-source web application firewall ModSecurity, which uses machine learning methods with 8 suggested features to detect attacks on web applications. Tóm tắt—Hầu hết các ứng dụng được phát triển có xu hướng trở nên dễ tiếp cận nhất có thể đối với người dùng qua Internet. Các ứng dụng khác nhau thường lưu trữ dữ liệu trên không gian mạng để làm việc và giải trí hiệu quả hơn, chẳng hạn như Google Docs, email, lưu trữ đám mây, bản đồ, thời tiết, tin tức,. Các cuộc tấn công vào tài nguyên Web thường xảy ra nhất ở tầng ứng dụng, dưới dạng các yêu cầu HTTP/HTTPS đến trang web, nơi tường lửa truyền thống có khả năng hạn chế trong việc phân tích và phát hiện các cuộc tấn công. Để bảo vệ tài nguyên Web khỏi các cuộc tấn công ở tầng ứng dụng, xuất hiện các công cụ đặc biệt - Tường lửa Ứng dụng Web (WAF). Bài viết này trình bày thuật toán phát hiện bất thường và cách thức hoạt động của tường lửa ứng dụng web mã nguồn mở ModSecurity khi sử dụng phương pháp học máy với 8 đặc trưng được đề xuất để phát hiện các cuộc tấn công vào các ứng dụng web.
Genetic diversity of sessile oak populations in the Czech Republic

The sessile oak is a broadleaved tree species of great ecological and silvicultural importance. Oaks are the second most widespread deciduous tree species in the Czech Republic, and ongoing climate change negatively affects the abundant and often monocultural Norway spruce. Therefore, a proportional increase of more resilient tree species such as sessile oak has emerged. This study aimed to depict population genetic diversity when analysing 272 individuals from 10 subpopulations selected across the Czech Republic. Targeted populations were chosen based on the minimal expected human impact on the stand (presumably autochthonous stands). All individuals were genotyped using 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers (SSRs) assembled into two amplification multiplexes. The high discriminatory power of SSR markers was tested and confirmed by the probability of identity analysis. The genetic differentiation of the subpopulations was low yet significant, quantified by Wright’s F-statistics within the range from 0.012 to 0.029. Based on discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), we detected two populations with geographic genetic correlation (the 15th meridian east being a north-south boundary line) and one with a distinct genetic pattern. We assume that the population might previously be established from seed sources outside the Czech Republic. Moreover, to some extent, our findings advocate the legitimacy of the legislative rules for forest reproductive material (FRM) transfer.
Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii among Internally Displaced Women of District North Waziristan, Pakistan with Home Obstetric History

The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence rate and to identify risk factors of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii among internally displaced women of District North Waziristan, Pakistan with home obstetric history. A total of 387 blood samples were collected from internally displaced infected women with the help of a comprehensive filled data form. To determine levels of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii Infection, all blood samples were qualitative and quantitative analyzed using Immune chromatographic and Chemiluminescence Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) technique. Among 387 blood samples, the total numbers of reactive samples observed were 341 (88.11%) and non-reactive samples were 46 (11.88%). Of 341 (88.11%) reactive samples, the highest ratio 168 (49.26%) was reported for the co-infection of Cytomegalovirus and Rubella, followed by 76 (22.28%) for Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii combined. In reactive samples, the highest ratio of IgG was noted in order of CMV 22 (64.70%), Rubella 21 (67.74%) and Toxoplasma gondii 16 (72.72%), followed by IgG+IgM and IgM only. Regarding age-wise distribution, the highest ratio 144 (90.56%) of total reactive samples of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii was reported in the 25-32 years old group of individuals. Similarly, the highest ratio 53 (48.18%) and 60 (41.66%) of co-infection among reactive samples for Cytomegalovirus, and Rubella was observed in 18-24 and 25-32 years old group. Further, the highest ratio of 100 (40.32%) of risk factors was observed in infected patients who were exposed to a poor hygienic environment and 57 (44.18%) of infected patients had complications of Severe UTI followed by others. Hence, it was revealed that Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii infection was most prevalent in internally displaced women of District North Waziristan, Pakistan. Therefore, an urgent base prophylactic approaches should need to be addressed to reduce the risk of the spread of disease in this locality.
Modeling of micro-Doppler signatures from rotor blades

In this paper, we propose to establish the mathematical model for the rotor blades in a prop aircraft or a turbojet, where the targets' flying directions are vertical to the rotor blades' rotating plane. Experimental results with electromagnetic computation data obtained via a CADFEKO model prove the correctness of the proposed mathematical model. Based on the established mathematical model, we investigate the relationship between the micro-Doppler signatures and the azimuth angle. We wish our research reported here will provide researchers additional information which can be utilized as a complement to some existing target recognition methods.
The Temporal Relationship Between Self-Acceptance and Generativity over Two Decades

Generativity is defined as a concern for the well-being of future generations, which involves both caring and a will to extend the self into the future. Extant research indicates that generativity plays an important role in successful aging. The present study sought to examine the temporal relationship between self-acceptance and generativity over about 2 decades. The data were drawn from the three waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) project, collected with intervals of about 10 years (N = 4,167). The random-intercept cross-lagged panel model was used for data analysis. It was found that self-acceptance prospectively predicted generativity, whereas generativity did not predict self-acceptance. Thus, coming to terms with various aspects of one’s personality and past life contributes to higher future levels of generativity.
Characterization and biodistribution of trans resveratrol-PEG-folic acid-gold nanoparticle conjugates

Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics and biodistribution of trans resveratrol-PEG-folic acid-gold nanoparticle conjugates (rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP). Methods: Gold nanoparticles were produced by citric reduction followed by conjugation of PEG-folic acid and resveratrol. Characterization of rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates including their particle size, zeta potential, and by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was carried out. Biodistribution study of rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP was carried out using female Sprague Dawley rats. Biodistribution data were obtained from high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Results: The mean particle size and zeta potential of rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP were 249.03 ± 10.31 and - 36.33 ± 3.12 mV, respectively. TEM images showed rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates formed spherical shape. Rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates found in plasma, kidney (1.90 ± 0.20 μg/g), spleen (2.65 ± 1.18 μg/g), liver (1.74 ± 0.03 μg/g), and lung (1.82 ± 0.12 μg/g), after 90 minutes intravenous administration (i.v.) in female Sprague Dawley rats. No free resveratrol was found in plasma, kidney, or spleen after i.v administration in female dawdle Sprague Dawley rats. Conclusion: Resveratrol-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates appear to be a potential chemotherapy delivery system for active targeting purposes because of its longer systemic circulation and its accumulation in the kidney.
Incidence and Long-Term Health Care Utilization Associated With Pseudomeningocele Repair Following Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: A National Database Analysis

INTRODUCTION: Long-term health care utilization of patients who developed CSF leak and Pseudomeningocoele (PSM) following Vestibular Schwanomma (VS) surgery is not well defined. METHODS: MarketScan database were queried using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions and Current Procedural Terminology 4, from 2000 to 2018. We included patients 18 years of age with PSM diagnosis with at least 2 years of continuous enrollment. Outcomes analyzed were hospital admissions, outpatient services, medication refills and their associated payments. RESULTS: Of 1460 patients, 96.6% (n = 1411) had no PSM following surgery for VS, 2.4% (n = 35) were in s-PSM and only 0.95% (n = 14) were in ns-PSM cohorts. Patients in the s-PSM cohort incurred higher hospital readmission rate, outpatient payments compared to those in nd-PSM and ns-PSM cohorts at 6 months, 1-year and 2 –years following the following VS resection. At 1-year following VS resection, median combined payments for s-PSM cohort were $74,683 compared to $42,664 for ns-PSM and $9476 for nd-PSM cohort, p < 0.0001 Similarly, at 2-years, median combined payments median combined payments for s-PSM cohort were $83,351 compared to $63,942 for ns-PSM and $18,839 for nd-PSM cohort, p < 0.0001. CONCLUSION: Patients in s-PSM cohort incurred 8 times and 4.4 times the combined payments at 1- and 2-years respectively compared to nd-PSM cohort. Also, patients in ns-PSM cohort incurred 4.5 times and 3.4 times the payments compared to nd-PSM cohort.
P2X7 Receptor Antagonist Reduces Fibrosis and Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Alpha-Sarcoglycan Muscular Dystrophy

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R3, a rare genetic disorder affecting the limb proximal muscles, is caused by mutations in the α-sarcoglycan gene (Sgca) and aggravated by an immune-mediated damage, finely modulated by the extracellular (e)ATP/purinoceptors axis. Currently, no specific drugs are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of a selective P2X7 purinoreceptor antagonist, A438079. Sgca knockout mice were treated with A438079 every two days at 3 mg/Kg for 24 weeks. The P2X7 antagonist improved clinical parameters by ameliorating mice motor function and decreasing serum creatine kinase levels. Histological analysis of muscle morphology indicated a significant reduction of the percentage of central nuclei, of fiber size variability and of the extent of local fibrosis and inflammation. A cytometric characterization of the muscle inflammatory infiltrates showed that A438079 significantly decreased innate immune cells and upregulated the immunosuppressive regulatory T cell subpopulation. In α-sarcoglycan null mice, the selective P2X7 antagonist A438079 has been shown to be effective to counteract the progression of the dystrophic phenotype and to reduce the inflammatory response. P2X7 antagonism via selective inhibitors could be included in the immunosuppressant strategies aimed to dampen the basal immune-mediated damage and to favor a better engraftment of gene-cell therapies.
Syndrome of Declining Economic Importance of Agriculture in Bihar (1960-2018)

As economic development proceeds, agriculture declines as a proportion of GDP. This paper utilizes existing methodology to analyze this issue with time series data (1960-2018) for Bihar. The study focuses on changes in the GDP shares of agriculture, manufacturing and services, and considers the implications of these changes for overall economic performance. A decomposition of the total decline in the share of agriculture in GDP suggests that the relative price effects which have received the most attention in the literature were found to be relatively minor influences. Decline in the price of agricultural output relative to the price of manufactured output contributed around ten per cent of the measured decline in agriculture’s share of GDP. The rise in the relative price of services contributed an additional 18 per cent. Changes in the economy’s stocks of capital and labor, and a possible bias against agriculture in technical change were found to contribute over three quarters of the total decline in the share of agriculture in the Bihar economy. The importance of the capital and labor variables accounting for almost three quarters of the observed decline in the share of agriculture. Supply side influences such as capital accumulation and technical change may be the most important determinants of the decline in agriculture’s share of GDP in Bihar. Demand side factors operating through relative commodity prices, seem to be much less important. This conclusion has major implications for policies for economic development and structural change, and suggests a need for reorientation of the literature on agriculture’s role in economic development towards supply side influences of factor accumulation and technical change.
Research on the Unstable Branch Screening Method for Power System With High-Proportion Wind Power

The sooner the system instability is predicted and the unstable branches are screened, the timelier emergency control can be implemented for a wind power system. In this paper, aiming at the problem that the existing unstable branch screening methods are lack prejudgment, an unstable branch screening method for power system with high-proportion wind power is proposed. Firstly, the equivalent external characteristics model of the wind farm was deduced. And based on this, the out-of-step oscillation characteristics of the power system with high proportion wind power was analyzed. Secondly, based on the oscillation characteristics, line weak-connection index (LWcI) was proposed to quantify the stability margin of a branch. Then an instability prediction method and an unstable branch screening method were proposed based on LWcI and voltage phase angle difference. Finally, the rapidity and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified through the simulation analysis of IEEE-118 system.
Island biogeography theory and the urban landscape: stopover site selection by the silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans)

Many migratory bats require forested sites for roosting and foraging along their migration path, but increased urbanization and intensive agricultural practices may reduce the availability of stopover sites. Urban forests may provide important stopover habitat, maintaining landscape connectivity in regions where the majority of natural habitat has been cleared for development. Island biogeography theory can be applied to urbanized temperate forest biomes where small urban forests represent islands separated from the larger “mainland” forest. We used acoustic monitoring during the fall migration period to investigate the use of urban forest habitat by the migratory species Lasionycteris noctivagans Le Conte, 1831. We predicted that recorded activity would have a positive relationship with forest patch area and shape and a negative relationship with isolation from other forest patches, as suggested by island biogeography theory. We observed greater activity at larger forest patches, and although relationships for shape and isolation were not statistically supported the observed patterns were consistent with predictions. Our results demonstrate the need for more in-depth research on the habitat requirements for both migratory and resident bat species and the impact that ongoing urbanization has on local bat populations.
Dissecting the Mycobacterium bovis BCG Response to Macrophage Infection to Help Prioritize Targets for Anti-Tuberculosis Drug and Vaccine Discovery

New strategies are required to reduce the worldwide burden of tuberculosis. Intracellular survival and replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after macrophage phagocytosis is a fundamental step in the complex host–pathogen interactions that lead to granuloma formation and disease. Greater understanding of how the bacterium survives and thrives in these environments will inform novel drug and vaccine discovery programs. Here, we use in-depth RNA sequencing of Mycobacterium bovis BCG from human THP-1 macrophages to describe the mycobacterial adaptations to the intracellular environment. We identify 329 significantly differentially regulated genes, highlighting cholesterol catabolism, the methylcitrate cycle and iron homeostasis as important for mycobacteria inside macrophages. Examination of multi-functional gene families revealed that 35 PE/PPE genes and five cytochrome P450 genes were upregulated 24 h after infection, highlighting pathways of potential significance. Comparison of the intracellular transcriptome to gene essentiality and immunogenicity studies identified 15 potential targets that are both required for intracellular survival and induced on infection, and eight upregulated genes that have been demonstrated to be immunogenic in TB patients. Further insight into these new and established targets will support drug and vaccine development efforts.
Road profile effects on the performance and energy regeneration of the electromagnetic suspension system

This paper deals with the electromagnetic damper, which is composed of a permanent-magnet DC motor, a ball screw and a nut, as the passive, semi-active and active actuator in the vehicle suspension system. The main objective pursued in the paper is to study the dependences of the performance and energy regeneration of the electromagnetic suspension system on the road unevenness and the travel speed. For this purpose, the nonlinear equations of the electromagnetic damper electric circuit in the three mentioned suspension systems are developed. For the vehicle passing over the road unevenness, a seven degrees of freedom model is considered, and the simplest point-follower model is used for the tyre representation. To investigate the electromagnetic suspension system performance and energy regeneration, two types of road unevenness including a road section with a standard pure random profile and a bump modelled by cosine wave of variable height and length are applied. The simulation results demonstrate that an increase in the travel speed leads to the power spectral density increment of the road profile and in turn causes the negative effects on the performance and growth in the energy regeneration. Furthermore, when the bump height gets larger, maximum body acceleration, maximum suspension travel and energy regeneration will increase. There will be a peak on the maximum body acceleration response course when the bump length is equal to 1.1 m because of exciting the sprung mass frequencies. On the maximum suspension travel and energy regeneration response course, there is a peak when the travel speed is equal to 30 km/h, which excites the unsprung mass frequencies.
Crack Pattern Analysis of Plain Concrete Pavement due to Swelling Pressure on Expansive Soil

This research was conducted on the Surakarta-Gemolong-Geyer provincial road which is suspected to be built on expansive soil using the ATENA V5 3D software program. ATENA program can be used to simulate crack propagation in concrete and reinforced concrete structures. This study uses quantitative analysis methods, to the analysis of fracture patterns of rigid pavements with transverse reinforcement on expansive soils. Rigid pavement is modeled into 2 types, namely rigid transverse reinforced pavement models due to swelling pressure forces on expansive soils and transverse reinforced rigid pavements without swelling pressure forces on expansive soils. The swelling test on the soil carried out in the laboratory was 37 kPa. The rigid pavement model is subjected to load testing. The load used is the standard load of a medium-sized truck. The repetition of loading used is 30 times. The loading is divided into 3 types, namely: edge, center, and corner loading. The results of the analysis of rigid pavements were compared between rigid pavements due to swelling pressure forces on expansive soils with rigid pavements without swelling pressure forces. The results of the analysis from the ATENA software program show that every loading test on rigid pavement due to swelling pressure forces cracks greater than loading without swelling pressure forces. Edge loading shows that cracks due to swelling pressure are 3.5% higher than those without swelling pressure. Middle loading shows cracks due to swelling pressure which is 8.33% greater. Middle loading shows that cracks due to swelling pressure are 3.56% higher than without swelling pressure. This research can be used as a reference and prediction in identifying cracks that occur so that the government can carry out appropriate design planning and maintenance and rehabilitation of rigid pavements on expansive soils.
Few-Shot Learning For Auromatic Intracranial Hematoma Segmentation

Intracranial hemorrhage is a serious craniocerebral injury. The automatic segmentation of intracranial hematoma is of great significance for the diagnosis of patients with intracranial hemorrhage. So far, image segmentation methods based on deep learning have made great progress. However, the accuracy and efficiency of hematoma segmentation still can not meet the requirements of clinical application due to the particularity of brain hematoma images, such as sparse samples, uneven sample distribution, diverse hematoma morphology and inconsistent scale. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a FewShot segmentation framework based on confrontation. The framework abandons the solution process based on fixed loss function in the existing segmentation model, and realizes confrontation learning through the confrontation between the discrimination model and the segmentation model. It not only solves the problem that hematoma samples are scarce and difficult to label, but also adopts the way of confrontation learning, so that the model pays more attention to the overall characteristics of hematoma rather than local information in the segmentation process, So as to make it more universal. At the same time, this paper designs a multi-scale convolution algorithm, which uses four different scale convolution cores to realize feature convolution and spatial fusion, so that the model can maintain a certain accuracy range when segmenting hematomas of different shapes and sizes, and solves the problem of multi-scale hematoma segmentation. In order to speed up the operation of the segmentation model, a mask is added to the image segmentation model for the first time to replace the reconstruction process from feature to segmented image, which greatly saves the computational cost. In the experiment, the open data set cq500 is used to develop the algorithm, and the image data provided by the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University are used to test. The results show that compared with the most advanced model, this method has the highest comprehensive evaluation index and significantly improves the segmentation efficiency.