Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Penetration of the Vestibule Following a History of Stapedectomy

This case study describes a 72-year-old female with a history of stapedectomy 40 years prior. She presented experiencing vertigo, fogginess, and imbalance for 9 months. Computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed that the prosthesis was displaced into the vestibule by approximately 2.1 to 2.4 mm. The patient was presented with treatment options, including observation, removal, replacement of the prosthesis, and an oval window patch. The patient opted for observation as the symptoms she was experiencing did not significantly impact her quality of life. Although a stapedectomy may fail for a multitude of reasons, some of the most common causes are prosthesis displacement, especially out of the oval window into the middle ear or away from the incus. Incus necrosis may also play a substantial role in failure.
3D garment fit on solid and soft digital avatars – preliminary results

For a holistic assessment of the interaction between the human body and tight fitted clothing, it is necessary to consider the mechanical properties of the body. Default avatars in CAD software are usually solid and do not take this interaction into account. For this purpose, a solid avatar is converted to a deformable one by using the soft body physics implementation in the simulation program Blender. The fit of a 3D garment on both avatars are compared, which allows a first evaluation of the differences between these approaches.
Effects of protease supplementation on growth performance, organ development, gut morphology, and microbial profile of broiler chicken

ABSTRACT The current study evaluated the effect of protease enzyme supplemented to a standard diet for 6 weeks on growth performance, organ development, gut morphology, and microbial profile of male broiler chicken. On day 42, 2 birds per pen were dissected to evaluate carcass composition, organ weights, gut morphology, and cecal microbial profile. Final body weight and average daily gain for the total grow-out period tended to increase by protease supplementation, although average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and internal organs’ weight were not affected. The protease enzyme addition improved gut morphological traits in the duodenum, Jejunum and ileum. Protease addition changed the abundance of specific bacteria including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Porphyromonadaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Ruminocococcaceae. In conclusion, 50 g/ton protease supplementation tended to improve growth performance, had significant effects on gut morphology and demonstrate the potential to increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Firmicutes.
Assimilation of Images

Data assimilation aims at determining as accurately as possible the state of a dynamical system by combining heterogeneous sources of information in an optimal way. Generally speaking, the mathematical methods of data assimilation describe algorithms for forming optimal combinations of observations of a system, a numerical model that describes its evolution, and appropriate prior information. Data assimilation has a long history of application to high-dimensional geophysical systems dating back to the 1960s, with application to the estimation of initial conditions for weather forecasts. It has become a major component of numerical forecasting systems in geophysics, and an intensive field of research, with numerous additional applications in oceanography, atmospheric chemistry, and extensions to other geophysical sciences. The physical complexity and the high dimensionality of geophysical systems have led the community of geophysics to make significant contributions to the fundamental theory of data assimilation. This book gathers notes from lectures and seminars given by internationally recognized scientists during a three-week school held in the Les Houches School of physics in 2012, on theoretical and applied data assimilation. It is composed of (i) a series of main lectures, presenting the fundamentals of the most commonly used methods, and the information theory background required to understand and evaluate the role of observations; (ii) a series of specialized lectures, addressing various aspects of data assimilation in detail, from the most recent developments of the theory to the specificities of various thematic applications.
Encoding Test Pattern of System-on-Chip (SOC) Using Annular Scan Chain

With the improvement of System-on-Chip integration, the chip requires an increasingly large amount of test data. To solve the contradiction between the storage capacity and bandwidth of automatic test equipment (ATE), a new method of test data compression/decompression is proposed based on an annular scan chain. Corresponding fault bits of different test patterns are incompatible, moving test patterns in an annular scan chain, makes all of the new corresponding bits of different test patterns be compatible or backward-compatible, so different adjacent test patterns form a new relation that are indirectly compatible or indirectly backward-compatible, achieves the purpose of test data compression by encoding these indirectly compatible test patterns or indirectly backward-compatible test patterns. According to experimental results, the average compression ratio increases by %6.94 to % 15.1 compared with the other schemes, relative decompression architecture is simple. In the annular scan chain, the test pattern moves clockwise with the minimal bits, generating subsequent test patterns quickly, it is advantageous to reduce the test application time of a single IP core.
The Top $10^{500}$ Reasons Not to Believe in the Landscape

The String Landscape is a fantasy. We actually have a plausible landscape of minimally supersymmetric $AdS_4$ solutions of supergravity modified by an exponential superpotential. None of these solutions is accessible to world sheet perturbation theory. If they exist as models of quantum gravity, they are defined by conformal field theories, and each is an independent quantum system, which makes no transitions to any of the others. This landscape has nothing to do with CDL tunneling or eternal inflation. A proper understanding of CDL transitions in QFT on a fixed background dS space, shows that the EI picture of this system is not justified within the approximation of low energy effective field theory. The cutoff independent physics, defined by the Euclidean functional integral over the 4-sphere admits only a finite number of instantons. Plausible extensions of these ideas to a quantum theory of gravity obeying the holographic principle explain all of the actual facts about CDL transitions in dS space, and lead to a picture radically different from eternal inflation. Theories of Eternal Inflation (EI) have to rely too heavily on the anthropic principle to be consistent with experiment. Given the vast array of effective low energy field theories that could be produced by the conventional picture of the string landscape one is forced to conclude that the most numerous anthropically allowed theories will disagree with experiment violently.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha and palmitate simulate bovine fatty liver disease in vitro when using abattoir-derived primary bovine hepatocytes isolated by a novel nonperfusion method

Graphical Abstract Summary: A schematic representation of lipid mobilization in the transition dairy cow is shown. Dysregulation or hypermobilization of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) during the periparturient period result in increased blood NEFA and tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) concentrations in blood. Increased concentrations of NEFA and TNFA overwhelm the capacity of the liver to dispose of lipids in the periparturient dairy cow, resulting in lipid loading and cytotoxicity and, ultimately, fatty liver disease.
The Metric Coalescent

The Metric Coalescent (MC) is a measure-valued Markov Process generalizing the classical Kingman Coalescent. We show how the MC arises naturally from a discrete agent based model (Compulsive Gambler) of social dynamics and prove an existence and uniqueness theorem extending the MC to the space of all Borel probability measures on any locally compact Polish space.
Optimum-filter and frame-integration application to granulation pictures

We consider different algorithms that aim to improve the visibility of small scale features using short-exposure-time; high-spatial-resolution solar images. The optimum or 2-D Wiener filter is first discussed. Further, an algorithm based on the application of an operator selecting maxima of convexities computed along 8 directions around each pixel is shown to be efficient for pattern recognition. Finally, a new fast reconstruction algorithm is proposed based on the use of Maxima of Fourier Magnitude deduced from a short enough time sequence of speckled power spectra; this last algorithm is shown to be very efficient in improving both the signal to noise ratio in the high frequency part of the Fourier spectrum and the Earth-atmospheric induced phase errors (destretching). Applications are given for solar granulation analysis.
CHAOS CONTROL OF THE AUTONOMOUS VAN DER POL MATHIEU EQUATION FOR DUST-CHARGE FLUCTUATION IN DUSTY PLASMA USING BACK-STEPPING CONTROL

Nonlinear and Statistical Physics Research GroupDepartment of Physics, Faculty of ScienceOlabisi Onabanjo University, P.M. B. 2002, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria(Received April 25, 2008; revised version received June 16, 2008)This paper investigated chaos control of four-dimensional autonomousvan der Pol Mathieu (vdPM) system that describes dust-charge ﬂuctuationin dusty plasma. A recursive backstepping scheme was employed to designa single control input that eﬀectively controlled the undesirable unstablebehaviour of the vdPM system. Both theoretical analysis and numericalsimulations were presented to illustrate the eﬀectiveness of the proposedcontrol scheme.PACS numbers: 05.45. Gg, 05.45. Pq, 52.25. Gj
Preparation of mixed metal oxide nanostructures derived from Zn/Ce‐layered double hydroxide as a photoanode for dye‐sensitized solar cells

A systematic study is done on the preparation of ZnO/CeO2 mixed metal oxide (MMO) as a photoanode for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The MMOs are simply prepared via calcination of the Zn/Ce‐layered double hydroxides (Zn/Ce‐LDHs). The urea decomposition method is utilized for the preparation of the LDHs. Herein, the effect of various synthesis conditions, namely the amount of urea, the molar ratio of Zn2+ to Ce3+, and the calcination temperature on the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs are carefully evaluated. This is the first attempt to investigate the effect of the urea amount used in the synthesis of the LDH on the photovoltaic performance of the corresponding MMO in DSSCs. For this purpose, three series of the DSSCs are assembled by the three series of the MMOs that are synthesized under different conditions. The electrochemical method is used for measuring the photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs. All the examined parameters have a significant influence on the efficiency of the DSSCs. The best conversion efficiency reaches 2.08% (Jsc = 6.34 mA cm2, Voc = 0.68 V, and FF = 0.48) by using 20:1 molar ratio of urea to metallic cations (Zn2++Ce3+) and 8:1 molar ratio of Zn2+ to Ce3+ and calcination of LDH at 700°C. This is the best efficiency reported for the MMO based DSSCs.
Fast and Simple Computations on Tensors with Log-Euclidean Metrics.

Computations on tensors, i.e. symmetric positive definite real matrices in medical imaging, appear in many contexts. In medical imaging, these computations have become common with the use of DT-MRI. The classical Euclidean framework for tensor computing has many defects, which has recently led to the use of Riemannian metrics as an alternative. So far, only affine-invariant metrics had been proposed, which have excellent theoretical properites but lead to complex algorithms with a high computational cost. In this article, we present a new familly of metrics, called Log-Euclidean. These metrics have the same excellent theoretical properties as affine-invariant metrics and yield very similar results in practice. But they lead to much more simple computations, with a much lighter computational cost, very close to the cost of the classical Euclidean framework. Indeed, Riemannian computations become Euclidean computations in the logarithmic domain with Log-Euclidean metrics. We present in this article the complete theory for these metrics, and show experimental results for multilinear interpolation, dense extrapolation of tensors and anisotropic diffusion of tensor fields.
Pengaruh Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) Terhadap Kadar Lipid dan Indeks Massa Tubuh Wanita Obesitas Usia Produktif

Saat ini World Health Organization telah menetapkan obesitas sebagai epidemik global. Obesitas sering dihubungkan dengan kejadian dislipidemia termasuk penurunan kadar high density lipoprotein (HDL) dan peningkatan kadar low density lipoprotein (LDL). Hal ini juga sangat berkaitan dengan munculnya risiko penyakit jantung bahkan kematian. Pencarian bahan alami untuk memperbaiki status lipid pada penderita obesitas terus dilakukan, salah yang potensial dengan kandungan metabolitnya yang melimpah adalah minyak zaitun. Minyak zaitun mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh dan flavonoid yang dapat menurunkan lipotoksisitas dan ukuran sel lemak. Jenis minyak zaitun yang paling baik digunakan adalah extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), sehingga tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar lipid dan indeks masa tubuh (IMT) pada wanita obesitas usia produktif sebelum dan setelah pemberian EVOO. Penelitian ini merupakan studi quasi-eksperimental dengan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest without control group. EVOO dikonsumsi selama 3 minggu dengan dosis 30 mL/hari. Penelitian ini didapatkan rerata kadar HDL, LDL, dan IMT pada subjek sebelum dilakukan intervensi (pre-test) adalah 42,27 ± 4,5 mg/dL, 131,18 ± 16,9 mg/dL dan 28,4273 ± 3,3 kg/m2, sedangkan rerata kadar HDL, LDL, dan IMT pada subjek setelah dilakukan intervensi (post-test) EVOO adalah 44,09 ±4,6 mg/dL, 127,45 ± 29,4 mg/dL, dan 28,2164 ± 3,4 kg/m2. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kadar HDL, LDL, dan IMT sebelum dan setelah pemberian EVOO
Participant-spectator matter and thermalization of neutron-rich systems at the energy of vanishing flow

We study the participant-spectator matter at the energy of vanishing flow for neutron-rich systems. Our study reveals similar behaviour of articipant-spectator for neutron-rich systems as for stable systems and also points towards nearly mass independence behaviour of participant-spectator matter for neutron-rich systems at the energy of vanishing flow. We also study the thermalization reached in the reactions of neutron-rich systems.
Computational Analysis of Functional Coding/Noncoding Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs/Indels) in Human NEUROG1 gene

Human NEUROG1 gene encodes a very important protein Neurogenin1, which has been demonstrated to have an essential role as a transcription factor in the process of neurogenesis and neural repair. Mutations in NEUROG1 gene have been linked to many congenital diseases and some neurodegenerative diseases. This study used bioinformatics tools to evaluate the effects of mutations along the sequence of the gene. The 3D structural modeling of NEUROG1 was generated through I-TASSER and validated by different software. Genomic data has been retrieved from NCBI, GenBank, and Ensembl databases. Of the 617 SNPs and INDels reported in the dbSNP spanning coding and noncoding regions, only 4 of the 193 SNPs affecting coding regions were predicted to be deleterious with bioinformatics software. Analysis of 3' UTR (3ʹ-untranslated regions) revealed that eight SNPs were found to affect microRNA binding sites either by creating or disturbing them, and other three INDels had no effect This study is a proposed computational analysis for the possible effects of Non- synonymous SNPs on the functionality of NEUROG1 gene and subsequently its protein as an important cofactor in new neurons formation. The results suggested that, NEUROG1 gene can serve as a candidate for gene therapy at genetics and epigenetics levels and/or drug design for neurodegenerative and other neurological diseases.
Predictive Value of Modified Mallampati Test and Upper Lip Bite Test Concerning Cormack and Lehane's Laryngoscopy Grading in the Anticipation of Difficult Intubation: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India

Background and objective Many tests are at hand to predict difficult intubation preoperatively to prevent morbidity and mortality of unanticipated difficult intubation. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the efficacy of the modified Mallampati test (MMT) and upper lip bite test (ULBT) to foresee difficult intubation. Materials and methods After obtaining written informed consent, this prospective comparative observational study was conducted on 225 patients scheduled for elective surgery under general endotracheal anesthesia. Preoperative MMT and ULBT were performed. MMT Grade III, IV, and ULBT Grade IV were regarded as predictors of difficult intubation. The laryngoscopic view was graded as per Cormack and Lehane's laryngoscopic grading after induction of anesthesia by an experienced anesthesiologist ignorant of preoperative airway evaluation. Patients with Cormack and Lehane Class III and IV were regarded as difficult intubation. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of MMT and ULBT were computed. Agreement between two tests with the Cormack Lehane test was determined by the Kappa coefficient. Results In our research, the occurrence of difficult intubation was found to be 10.2% (23 cases of difficult intubation out of 225 patients). In our analysis, we found the sensitivity (95.5% vs. 95.4%), specificity (54.8% vs 50.0%), positive predictive value (91.6% vs 93.1%), and negative predictive value (39.1% vs 39.1%) were almost comparable between modified Mallampati test and upper lip bite test. Kappa coefficient for the upper lip bite test (0.492) was slightly higher as compared to modified Mallampati scoring (0.454), but both the values are highly statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Conclusion Both the upper lip bite test and modified Mallampati test are comparable with each other and since the upper lip bite test is easy to perform bedside test we recommend it to be used alone or in collaboration with other tests in assessing difficult airways.
The use of SMART-boards the lessons in elementary school

In the article, the use of SMART boards in the learning process of primary school. Designed game-exercises in online service Twiddla. The purpose of the study – development of methodical recommendations on the use of SMART boards in the classroom in elementary school. The object of study is the SMART Board and use SMART boards in the classroom in elementary school. Conducted a case study in which we have developed methodological materials in the form of games using the SMART Board. Conclusions: use SMART doskoch during class in elementary school allows the teacher to present the material in a playful, visual form, which improves the motivation of children to study, to obtain self-knowledge.
Development and Temperature-induced Expression of a HSP90 Gene Lacking Introns in Cotesia chilonis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Abstract Cotesia chilonis (Munakata) is the predominant parasitic wasp of Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidea), a major rice pest in China. As climate change continues to intensify, C. chilonis and C. suppressalis must adapt to the increased frequency of adverse temperatures. In this study, the novel Cchsp90-2 was isolated and characterized from C. chilonis. The full-length Cchsp90-2 cDNA was 2689 bp and encoded 728 amino acids with an isoelectric point of 4.93. Cchsp90-2 encodes three heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family signatures, and the alignment of genomic and cDNA sequences revealed that Cchsp90-2 does not contain introns. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that Cchsp90-2 was induced in eggs and adults; however, larvae and pupae showed no significant differences in Cchsp90-2 expression levels. Cchsp90-2 was induced at both high and low temperatures, with very high expression levels after a 2-h exposure to 33°C or –13°C. This study provides insight into the mechanistic basis of thermal tolerance in C. chilonis and has implications for deploying this wasp to control C. suppressalis.
ROSAT observation of the 4U 1543‐47 outburst in 1992

We have observed 4U 1543‐47 (HL Lupi) with the ROSAT satellite on August 21 with the PSPC and on September 14, 1992 with the HRI, four and five months after the outburst, respectively. Both observations revealed the source to be much brighter than expected from the decay rate at harder X‐rays (deduced from BATSE data). BATSE observations in August 1992 do not show any significant increase in the hard X‐ray flux, suggesting that the soft and hard X‐ray fluxes are either decoupled or anticorrelated to some degree.
Shadow Zone Boundary Limitation of the Effective Acoustical Turbulence Scattering Volume Using the Turbule Ensemble Model.

Abstract : The Turbule Ensemble Model (TEM) was developed to handle acoustical scattering from anisotropic inhomogeneous turbulence. A turbule is a localized atmospheric inhomogeneity. TEM, then, represents a turbulent region by a collection of turbules of different sizes. Since acoustic sources and sensors are omnidirectional, the scattering volume of the TEM region is ill defined. Scattering properties of individual turbules in TEM show that the majority of scattering originates from a constricted volume, called the effective scattering volume. This is true for a region of homogeneous turbulence and is anticipated to be true for a region of inhomogeneous turbulence, although no calculations have been made. Estimates have been given of the size and shape of the effective scattering volume as a function of turbule size for an experiment conducted in homogeneous turbulence and a uniform atmosphere. In this report, homogeneous turbulence is retained, but an upwardly refracting atmosphere is assumed, resulting in a shadow zone. Inclusion of the shadow zone boundary further limits turbule sizes and locations from which significant signals reach the detector. The finding is that large turbules are less effective scatterers and that effective scattering volumes are large enough for the number of small turbules to be large. Implications of this finding are discussed.
Capturing quality. Educational quality in secondary analyses of international large-scale assessments: a systematic review

ABSTRACT The discourse of quality has permeated everyday discussions about education, yet the concept as such remains complex. Moreover, during the constant struggle to improve educational quality, governments have increasingly devoted attention to the results of international large-scale assessments. As those results are used to inform policy decisions to improve countries’ educational quality, it is important to understand how this concept of quality is appropriated. As a synthesis of how quality is conceptualised and operationalised in this body of research is lacking, the current paper seeks to fill that gap by presenting a systematic review. Our analysis identified definitional patterns and explored the corresponding methods for measuring quality. Based on this analysis of the reviewed studies, a framework of four approaches towards quality emerged to render the concept more accessible. In light of these results, benefits and limitations of the concept’s complexity are discussed, and implications for research are forwarded.