Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer

We present the findings of the test program performed by The European Space Tribology Laboratory (ESTL) to evaluate the performance (friction and lifetime) of a number of space lubricants under vacuum using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer (SOT). Focus was given to a comparison of various popular space oils, a comparison study between the old and new MAPLUB grease formulations, and the performance of commonly used solid lubricants under various conditions. Tests demonstrated that the lifetimes of hydrocarbon NYE oils 2001 & 2001A outperformed those of the perfluroropolyalkylether (PFPE) oils Fomblin Z25 & Z60, though these pairs displayed similar behavior. This relationship was also generally seen for greases; with the lifetimes of the multiple alkylated cyclopentane (MAC)-based greases being extended in comparison to the PFPE-based greases. Testing on greases also demonstrated similar performance between the old (-a) and new (-b) formulations when considering PFPE-based MAPLUB greases, and indeed for all tested PFPE-based non-MAPLUB greases, but significantly shorter lifetimes for the new formulations when considering MAC-based MAPLUB greases. MAPLUB MAC greases containing molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) thickener were also found to display reduced lifetimes. For solid lubricants, lead displayed significantly extended lifetimes over MoS2, speculated to be caused by redistribution of lead from the ball onto all contact surfaces during the test. Friction coefficients were seen to be some 2.5x higher for lead than for MoS2 under similar conditions, a result that corresponds well with conventional bearing tests. The work described was performed under contract for the European Space Agency as part of the Tribology Applications Program, with all funding for testing and apparatus provided by European Space Agency (ESA).
Personal characteristics affecting veterans' use of services for posttraumatic stress disorder.

OBJECTIVE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is widespread among veterans, but many veterans with PTSD use few health services. This study examined how individual characteristics influenced use of outpatient visits by veterans with PTSD. METHODS The study assessed number of annual visits by 414,748 veterans with PTSD who sought care from October 2007 through September 2008 at U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) facilities. Negative binomial regression and adjusted risk ratios assessed the relationship of number of visits and demographic characteristics as well as place of residence, era of service, extent to which disability was connected to service history, and having comorbid illnesses. RESULTS Veterans from rural or highly rural areas had 19% (confidence interval [CI]=.80-.82) and 25% (CI=.72-.79), respectively, fewer visits than urban-dwelling veterans. Iraq and Afghanistan veterans had 21% fewer visits than veterans of prior eras (CI=.78-.81). Veterans with comorbid conditions had 64% more visits than veterans with only PTSD (CI=1.62-1.66). Veterans from rural or highly rural areas had 22% (CI=.87-.89) and 33% (CI=.64-.71), respectively, fewer visits to PTSD specialty clinics than veterans from urban areas. CONCLUSIONS Service use by veterans is lower in rural areas. The VA should build on existing efforts to provide more outreach and care opportunities, including telemental health and specialized PTSD services, in rural areas and for veterans of the current service era. Future research should investigate the impact of fewer visits on aspects of functioning, such as interpersonal factors, and the impact of system-level variables on service utilization.
Rational Assembly of Optoplasmonic Hetero‐nanoparticle Arrays with Tunable Photonic–Plasmonic Resonances

Metallic and dielectric nanoparticles (NPs) have synergistic electromagnetic properties but their positioning into morphologically defined hybrid arrays with novel optical properties still poses significant challenges. A template‐guided self‐assembly strategy is introduced for the positioning of metallic and dielectric NPs at pre‐defined lattice sites. The chemical assembly approach facilitates the fabrication of clusters of metallic NPs with interparticle separations of only a few nanometers in a landscape of dielectric NPs positioned hundreds of nanometers apart. This approach is used to generate two‐dimensional interdigitated arrays of 250 nm diameter TiO2 NPs and clusters of electromagnetically strongly coupled 60 nm Au NPs. The morphology‐dependent near‐ and far‐field responses of the resulting multiscale optoplasmonic arrays are analyzed in detail. Elastic and inelastic scattering spectroscopy in combination with electromagnetic simulations reveal that optoplasmonic arrays sustain delocalized photonic–plasmonic modes that achieve a cascaded E‐field enhancement in the gap junctions of the Au NP clusters and simultaneously increase the E‐field intensity throughout the entire array.
Neonatal Epilepsy Syndromes and GEFS+: Mechanistic Considerations

Summary: Genetic analyses of familial epilepsies over the past decade have identified mutations in several different ion channel genes that result in neonatal or early‐onset seizure disorders, including benign familial neonatal convulsions (BFNC), generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+), and severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI). These genes encode voltage‐gated Na+ channel subunits (SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN1B), voltage‐gated K+ channel subunits (KCNQ2, KCNQ3), and a ligand‐gated neurotransmitter receptor subunit (GABRG2). While the opportunity to genotype patients for mutations in these genes can have an immediate and significant impact on our ability to diagnose and provide genetic counseling to patients, the ultimate goal is to use this molecular knowledge to develop effective treatments and cures for each disorder. This will necessitate elucidation of the molecular, cellular, and network mechanisms that translate ion channel defects into specific epilepsy phenotypes. The functional analysis of epileptogenic channel mutations in vitro and in vivo has already provided a vast amount of raw biophysical data, but attempts to interpret these data to explain clinical phenotypes so far appear to raise as many questions as they answer. Nevertheless, patterns are beginning to emerge from these early studies that will help define the full scope of the challenges ahead while simultaneously providing the foundation of future efforts to overcome them. Here, I discuss some of the potential mechanisms that have been uncovered recently linking mutant ion channel genes to neonatal epilepsy syndromes and GEFS+.
Public-Key Cryptography

This report documents the program and results of Dagstuhl seminar 16731 “Public-Key Cryptography” which took place September 11–16, 2016. The goal of the seminar was to bring together different subareas from public-key cryptography and to promote research among these areas. Seminar September 11–16, 2016 – http://www.dagstuhl. de/16371 1998 ACM Subject Classification D.4. 6 Security and Protection, E.3 Data Encryption
Early unemployment can contribute to adult health problems: results from a longitudinal study of school leavers

Study objective: To investigate the long term effects of early unemployment (a total of more than half a year of unemployment between the ages of 16 and 21) on health behaviour and psychological and somatic symptoms. Design: A 14 year follow up of a cohort of school leavers was conducted from 1981 to 1995. Information was collected by questionnaires. Setting: An industrial town in northern Sweden. Participants: The original cohort was defined as all pupils in a middle sized municipality in the last year of compulsory school at age 16 (n=1083). The participants were followed up between the ages of 16 and 30. The analysis included 96% of the original sample, 547 men and 497 women Main results: After controlling for initial health behaviour and symptoms as well as for working class background and late unemployment, early unemployment among young men and women showed a significant explanatory effect on smoking, psychological symptoms and—among men only—somatic symptoms after a follow up of 14 years. No correlation was found between early unemployment and late excess alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Early unemployment can contribute to adult health problems. Thus, youth unemployment constitutes a significant public health problem, which to a certain extent remains in adult age.
Conflicts in Care for Obstetric Complications in Catholic Hospitals

Background: A recent national survey revealed that over half of obstetrician-gynecologists working in Catholic hospitals have conflicts with religious policies, but the survey did not elucidate the nature of the conflicts. Our qualitative study examines the nature of physician conflicts with religious policies governing obstetrician-gynecologist (ob-gyn) care. Results related to restrictions on the management of obstetric complications are reported here. Methods: In-depth interviews lasting about one hour were conducted with obstetrician-gynecologists throughout the United States. Questions focused on physicians’ general satisfaction with their hospital work settings and specific experiences with religious doctrine-based ob-gyn policies in the various hospitals where they have worked. Results: Conflicts reported here include cases in which Catholic hospital religious policy (Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services) impacted physicians’ abilities to offer treatment to women experiencing certain obstetric emergencies, such as pregnancy-related health problems, molar pregnancy, miscarriage, or previable premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), because hospital authorities perceived treatment as equivalent to a prohibited abortion. Physicians were contractually obligated to follow doctrine-based policies while practicing in these Catholic hospitals. Conclusions: For some physicians, their hospital's prohibition on abortion initially seemed congruent with their own principles, but when applied to cases in which patients were already losing a desired pregnancy and/or the patient's health was at risk, some physicians found the institutional restrictions on care to be unacceptable.
Gatifloxacin and Ethionamide as the Foundation for Therapy of Tuberculosis

ABSTRACT The use of gatifloxacin (GAT) in combination with ethionamide (ETA) with or without pyrazinamide (PZA) for a 12-week treatment period followed by an 8-week observation period was evaluated in a model of tuberculosis in mice. Mice treated with GAT at 300 mg/kg of body weight in combination with ETA (25 mg/kg) for 5 days per week had sterile lungs, whereas mice treated with GAT (100 mg/kg) and ETA (25 mg/kg) had about 10 CFU/lung; however, there was regrowth of the organisms in both groups at the end of the observation period. When PZA (450 mg/kg 5 days per week) was added to the high-dose GAT-ETA regimen, no viable mycobacteria were present after the 8-week observation period. GAT in combination with ETA and PZA has great promise for the treatment of tuberculosis.
Does Coordinated Postpartum Care Influence Costs?

Questions under study: To investigate changes to health insurance costs for post-discharge postpartum care after the introduction of a midwife-led coordinated care model. Methods: The study included mothers and their newborns insured by the Helsana health insurance group in Switzerland and who delivered between January 2012 and May 2013 in the canton of Basel Stadt (BS) (intervention canton). We compared monthly post-discharge costs before the launch of a coordinated postpartum care model (control phase, n = 144) to those after its introduction (intervention phase, n = 92). Costs in the intervention canton were also compared to those in five control cantons without a coordinated postpartum care model (cross-sectional control group: n = 7, 767). Results: The average monthly post-discharge costs for mothers remained unchanged in the seven months following the introduction of a coordinated postpartum care model, despite a higher use of midwife services (increasing from 72% to 80%). Likewise, monthly costs did not differ between the intervention canton and five control cantons. In multivariate analyses, the ambulatory costs for mothers were not associated with the post-intervention phase. Cross-sectionally, however, they were positively associated with midwifery use. For children, costs in the post-intervention phase were lower in the first month after hospital discharge compared to the pre-intervention phase (difference of –114 CHF [95%CI –202 CHF to –27 CHF]), yet no differences were seen in the cross-sectional comparison. Conclusions: The introduction of a coordinated postpartum care model was associated with decreased costs for neonates in the first month after hospital discharge. Despite increased midwifery use, costs for mothers remained unchanged.
Trends in drinking problems and attitudes in the United States: 1979-1984.

Summary Changes in the prevalence of drinking problems and in attitudes toward the acceptibility of drinking are examined using U.S. general population survey data from 1979 and 1984. Increases in the prevalence of dependence were found for men but not for women. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of drinking-related consequences for either sex. Attitudes have changed, becoming less permissive toward alcohol use. This change is concentrated among younger respondents. Results are interpreted with reference to competing theoretical expectations, one holding that problem and attitude levels rise and fall in direct response to changes in aggregate consumption and the other positing a somewhat more complex dialectic of interactions between levels of consumption, problems, and attitudes.
Self-induced growth of vertical GaN nanowires on silica

We study the self-induced growth of GaN nanowires on silica. Although the amorphous structure of this substrate offers no possibility of an epitaxial relationship, the nanowires are remarkably aligned with the substrate normal whereas, as expected, their in-plane orientation is random. Their structural and optical characteristics are compared to those of GaN nanowires grown on standard crystalline Si (111) substrates. The polarity inversion domains are much less frequent, if not totally absent, in the nanowires grown on silica, which we find to be N-polar. This work demonstrates that high-quality vertical GaN nanowires can be elaborated without resorting to bulk crystalline substrates.
CNN Is All You Need

The Convolution Neural Network (CNN) has demonstrated the unique advantage in audio, image and text learning; recently it has also challenged Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) with long short-term memory cells (LSTM) in sequence-to-sequence learning, since the computations involved in CNN are easily parallelizable whereas those involved in RNN are mostly sequential, leading to a performance bottleneck. However, unlike RNN, the native CNN lacks the history sensitivity required for sequence transformation; therefore enhancing the sequential order awareness, or position-sensitivity, becomes the key to make CNN the general deep learning model. In this work we introduce an extended CNN model with strengthen position-sensitivity, called PoseNet. A notable feature of PoseNet is the asymmetric treatment of position information in the encoder and the decoder. Experiments shows that PoseNet allows us to improve the accuracy of CNN based sequence-to-sequence learning significantly, achieving around 33-36 BLEU scores on the WMT 2014 English-to-German translation task, and around 44-46 BLEU scores on the English-to-French translation task.
A fruit fly in the nanoworld: once again Drosophila contributes to environment and human health

Abstract Drosophila was the most important model organism used in the fields of medicine and biology over the last century. Recently, Drosophila was successfully used in several studies in the field of nanotoxicology. However, only a part of its potential has been exploited in this field until now. In fact, apart from macroscopic observations of the effect due to the interaction between nanomaterials and living organism (i.e. lifespan, fertility, phenotypic aberrations, etc.), Drosophila has the potential to be a very useful tool to deeply analyze the molecular pathways involved in response to the interactions at nano-bio level. The aim of this editorial is to encourage the use of Drosophila by the different research groups working in the fields of nanotoxicology and nanomedicine, in order to define the effects induced by nanomaterials at molecular level for their subsequent exploitation in the field of nanomedicine.
A redundant incremental learning algorithm for SVM

This paper presents an improved incremental learning technique for SVM, namely redundant incremental SVM (RISVM), for pattern classification problems. Through adding some non-support vectors (say, redundant vectors in the sense of contribution to the final solution) at each incremental step, the RISVM algorithm can achieve similar performance to the SVM in batch (or non-incremental SVM) but result in less support vectors for the same quality of pattern classification, and also it can provide better generalization performance in comparison with other incremental techniques for SVM. The bispiral problem and five widely used benchmark data sets are employed to verify the method, and the simulations support the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
An Overview of Flow Theory in Ecommerce

The present study examined flow theory in the literature and especially in ecommerce contexts: computer and online games, virtual environments, online shopping, interface design, marketing, and management. Designing for a positive user experience has become an equally important goal of interface design in addition to usability. Thus, studying user’s flow experience is a valuable undertaken, which will provide insights for human computer interaction and guidance to interface design, including online and mobile applications. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted using Webster et al. (1993) instrument, which was administered to 310 subjects, following their experience navigating an apparel commercial web site. Based on the results of the factor analysis, three dimensions of flow emerged: control, attention focus, and cognitive enjoyment. Implications for contributions and future research are discussed.
Benefits of minimum-variance beamforming in medical ultrasound imaging

Recently, significant improvement in image resolution has been demonstrated by applying adaptive beamforming to medical ultrasound imaging. In this paper, we have used the minimum-variance beamformer to show how the low sidelobe levels and narrow beamwidth of adaptive methods can be used, not only to increase resolution, but also to enhance imaging in several ways. By using a minimum-variance beamformer instead of delay-and-sum on reception, reduced aperture, higher frame rates, or increased depth of penetration can be achieved without sacrificing image quality. We demonstrate comparable resolution on images of wire targets and a cyst phantom obtained with a 96-element, 18.5-mm transducer using delay-and-sum, and a 48-element, 9.25-mm transducer using minimum variance. To increase frame rate, fewer and wider transmit beams in combination with several parallel receive beams may be used. We show comparable resolution to delay-and-sum using minimum variance, 1/4th of the number of transmit beams and 4 parallel receive beams, potentially increasing the frame rate by 4. Finally, we show that by lowering the frequency of the transmitted beam and beamforming the received data with the minimum variance beamformer, increased depth of penetration is achieved without sacrificing lateral resolution.
Impact of scale space search on age‐ and gender‐related changes in MRI‐based cortical morphometry

In magnetic resonance imaging based brain morphometry, Gaussian smoothing is often applied to increase the signal‐to‐noise ratio and to increase the detection power of statistical parametric maps. However, most existing studies used a single smoothing filter without adequately justifying their choices. In this article, we want to determine the extent for which performing a morphometry analysis using multiple smoothing filters, namely conducting a scale space search, improves or decreases the detection power. We first compared scale space search with single‐filter analysis through a simulated population study. The multiple comparisons in our four‐dimensional scale space searches were corrected for using a unified P‐value approach. Our results illustrate that, compared with a single‐filter analysis, a scale space search analysis can properly capture the variations in analysis results caused by variations in smoothing, and more importantly, it can obviously increase the sensitivity for detecting brain morphometric changes. We also show that the cost of an increased critical threshold for conducting a scale space search is very small. In the second experiment, we investigated age and gender effects on cortical volume, thickness, and surface area in 104 normal subjects using scale space search. The obtained results provide a perspective of scale space theory on the morphological changes with age and gender. These results suggest that, in exploratory studies of aging, gender, and disease, conducting a scale space search is essential, if we are to produce a complete description of the structural changes or abnormalities associated with these dimensions. Hum Brain Mapp 34:2113–2128, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Web Crawler Detection Algorithm Based on Web Page Member List

Following the widely use of search engines, the impact Web crawlers have on the Web sites should not be ignored. After analyzing the navigational patterns of Web crawlers from Web logs, a new algorithm based on Web page member list is proposed. The algorithm constructs one member list for every Web page and one show table for every visitor. The experiment shows that the new algorithm can detect the unknown crawlers and unfriendly crawlers who do not obey the Standard for Robot Exclusion.
Human Epidermal Autologous Grafts Produced from Skin Epithelial Cell Cultures Containing Post-Natal Stem Cells

This chapter will focus on the clinical applications of post-natal stem cells. Massive tissue loss frequently requires grafting for proper healing. Considering that there is a shortage of organ donors, the expansion of cells in vitro and the reconstruction of tissues or organs constitute a very valuable alternative solution. The first clinical application of such tissues has been the autologous culture of epidermal cells for the treatment of burn patients, and will be presented herein. Since the cutaneous epithelium forms squames that are lost, it is continuously renewed every 28 days and its long-term regeneration depends on stem cells. The importance of preserving stem cells during in vitro expansion and after grafting will thus be discussed. Clinical applications of cultured cells from other tissues, such as limbal stem cells for corneal epithelium (surface of the eye) replacement, will also be reviewed. Finally, the development of new promising technologies and methods taking advantage of other sources of stem cells that could be isolated after birth from tissues such as adipose depots will also be presented. * Corresponding author: Dr. Julie Fradette, Laboratoire d'Organogénèse Expérimentale, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement du CHAUQ, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1S 4L8. Telephone: (418) 682-7995 or 7663. Fax: (418) 682-8000. Email: julie.fradette@chg.ulaval. ca ; www.loex. qc.ca Lucie Germain, Danielle Larouche, François A. Auger et al. 2