Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Workplace Efficiency Improvement for Jeepney Drivers in Metro Manila

Background: The jeepney is the most popular means of transportation in the Philippines. A jeepney is a long utility vehicle, like a mini-bus, manufactured by local companies, that can accommodate from 13 to 23 passengers. The current design of jeepneys, however, exposes its drivers to musculoskeletal discomfort and unnecessary motion. Aims: The study aims to identify any physical ergonomic hazards in the jeepney driver’s workspace and to develop an analytical model of the workspace that will address any identified hazards and improve driver comfort. The re-design aims to improve the awkward postures and eliminate the unnecessary tasks that are currently performed by jeepney drivers. Method: The dimensions of the jeepney were evaluated against anthropometric measurements previously collected from 100 drivers. Postures assumed by the drivers were evaluated using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). An analytical prototype of the driver’s workspace was developed using Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application (CATIA) software. A number of design considerations were included in two alternative options for the workspace redesign for the fare collection component of the driver’s tasks and two alternative options were identified for the design of the money holder in the analytical prototype. Results: Based on the analysis conducted, the dimensions of the driver’s workspace were not fitted to 95th percentile of the population. The workstation resulted in awkward driving postures which were identified using the RULA with scores of 3 and 4 for hands on steering wheel and hand on shifting gear, respectively. The action of reaching backward to provide passengers with change, as evaluated from the task analysis, was proven to be unnecessary. The proposed re-design of the jeepney driver’s workspace was able to incorporate appropriate dimensions that enabled the proper location of vehicle controls, considering anthropometric constraints of reach, height, strength, and posture. RULA scores obtained from an analytical simulation showed a decrease in awkward postures. Responses by jeepney drivers were also favourable for the re-design of the fare collection system. Conclusion: The proposed re-design of the jeepney driver’s workspace was able to address the problems encountered by drivers. However, there is a need to make a full-scale prototype in order to test its overall acceptability. This study may be used by future researchers to further improve the design of the jeepney. Manufacturers could also tackle issues of vibration and force exerted on the steering wheel, pedals, and while shifting gear, which can also influence driver discomfort.
IMPACT OF TRAINING BODA BODA OPERATORS AND SAFETY STATUS IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY

Motorcycle transportation commonly known as boda boda, is very useful in rural areas of Kenya due to poor infrastructure. Statistics from the Kenya police indicate that this mode of transport accounts for most road accidents in Kakamega County. This leads to injuries, maiming, or death. The research was conducted to evaluate the impact of training levels undertaken by boda boda operators on road safety, accidents, and their awareness levels on safety measures. Four hundred and eighty questionnaires were randomly administered to boda boda operators, health facilities and law enforcement officers. The variables included age, education level, marital status, training level and awareness, ownership, time of operations and number of passengers ferried. It was observed that 64% of boda boda operators had no valid licenses. About 51% of the operators were trained through apprenticeship, 33% through driving school and 16% self-training. An average of 61% did not have any road safety training. There was significant difference between the number of years in operation and accident involvement (X2=3.299, df=3, p<0.05). Those who had worked between 1-5 years had higher accidents than those withover 10 years. The licensed and trained operators had significantly fewer accidents than untrained operators (X2=1.172.; df=1 p<0.05) accounting for47% and 53%, respectively. In conclusion, most of the boda boda accidents are due to lack of training and awareness on road safety. Thus, there is urgent need for the operators to go to driving school, and also get awareness training on road safety. The County should provide continuous training and road safety awareness programmes. This will provide knowledge, and change perceptions on road safety practices in Kakamega County. The information could be used in policy development and improvement in Kenya.
Geometry Enhanced Generative Adversarial Networks for Random Heterogeneous Material Representation

The representation of material structure geometry is essential to the reconstruction, physical simulation, and the multiscale structure design with Random Heterogeneous Material (RHM). Traditional approaches to material structure representation often need to balance the trade-off between efficacy and accuracy. Recently, deep learning-based techniques have been adopted to reduce the computational time of RHM reconstruction. However, existing approaches generally lack guarantees over key RHM characteristics, including Minkowski functionals and correlation functions. We propose a novel approach to geometrically enhancing the deep learning-based RHM representation by introducing Minkowski functionals, a set of topological and geometrical characteristics of material structure, into the training of conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGAN). This hybrid approach combines the feature learning capability of deep learning with the well-established material structure characteristics, greatly improving the accuracy of the RHM representation while maintaining its efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed hybrid approach is validated through the reconstruction of a wide range of natural and manmade materials, including Voronoi foam structures, femur, and sandstone. Through computational experiments, we demonstrate that geometrically enhancing the training of cGAN for RHM representation not only significantly decreases the representation error in Minkowski functionals between input sample materials and reconstructed results, but also improves the performance of other material structure characteristics, such as two-point correlation functions.
Four-Port AC/DC-DC/AC Dual Active Bridge Based Converter

In this paper, a Four-Port AC/DC-DC/AC conversion system is proposed using two full-bridge converters and a high-frequency transformer following the principle of Dual Active Bridge Converter. Two full-bridge AC/DC single-phase converters are connected by coupling their boost inductance to create a high-frequency transformer of the resulting proposed converter. The isolated power transfer between converters is controlled by the duty cycles and the phase-shift applied to the primary and secondary of the split transformer. The boundaries of the switching modes and the power transferred through the high-frequency transformer were obtained analytically. The system feasibility was validated by simulations and by a 300 W prototype with 94.9% maximum efficiency.
Firm quality and stock returns: Evidence from India

ABSTRACT Using data for 1 848 companies, we find that quality increases, not quality, drive stock returns in India. Profitability and safety seem to be relevant attributes for measuring quality. Our cross-sectional tests show that the role of quality in predicting returns is partially subsumed by momentum in short holding periods. Rational sources are not able to explain quality premiums. We find that quality premiums result from investor overreaction. At the same time, momentum profits are an outcome of investor underreaction, suggesting that investors pay more attention to fundamentals than past price trends. High investments by institutional investing may account for such behaviour.
Adaptive switching detection algorithm for iterative‐MIMO systems to enable power savings

This paper attempts to tackle one of the challenges faced in soft input soft output Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) detection systems, which is to achieve optimal error rate performance with minimal power consumption. This is realized by proposing a new algorithm design that comprises multiple thresholds within the detector that, in real time, specify the receiver behavior according to the current channel in both slow and fast fading conditions, giving it adaptivity. This adaptivity enables energy savings within the system since the receiver chooses whether to accept or to reject the transmission, according to the success rate of detecting thresholds. The thresholds are calculated using the mutual information of the instantaneous channel conditions between the transmitting and receiving antennas of iterative‐MIMO systems. In addition, the power saving technique, Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling, helps to reduce the circuit power demands of the adaptive algorithm. This adaptivity has the potential to save up to 30% of the total energy when it is implemented on Xilinx®Virtex‐5 simulation hardware. Results indicate the benefits of having this “intelligence” in the adaptive algorithm due to the promising performance‐complexity tradeoff parameters in both software and hardware codesign simulation.
Cooperative Education Work Assignments: The Role of Organizational and Individual Factors in Enhancing ABET Competencies and Co‐op Workplace Well‐Being

In this study, we examine the role of individual differences and early employment experiences on learning outcomes and subjective well‐being for first‐term cooperative education students. By tracking students through their first semester work assignment, we were able to follow student adjustment and demonstrate the linkages to important ABET learning outcomes. Data were collected during pre‐employment, mid‐semester, and post‐employment surveys. The results suggest that there are some early warning signs of lack of adjustment that are related to both motivational anxiety and lack of initial social contacts during socialization. However, mid‐semester reports of proactive behavior by the student had a significant impact on both learning outcomes and well‐being.
A new process for releasing micromechanical structures in surface micromachining

A troublesome phenomenon usually encountered during this realization of free-standing microstructures, for example beams, diaphragms and accelerometers, is that released structures stick to the substrate. This effect occurs during wafer drying once the sacrificial etching process has been completed. Besides, the etching of the sacrificial layer is usually the last step of the fabrication of the devices, so some kind of protection of the CMOS circuits in the same chip is necessary. In this paper we propose to etch the sacrificial layer in the first processing steps, right after the deposition of the structural layer. The last processing step is then the dry patterning of the already released structural layer, so that neither does sticking take place nor is special protection of CMOS circuits necessary.
Analytical pitfalls when using inhibitors in specific nitrification assays

Environmental context. Specific inhibitors of biological reactions in the nitrogen cycle can be used to determine the origin of reactive nitrogen species; these nitrogen species potentially degrade water quality or influence climate. However, inhibitors can potentially interfere with methods for the analysis of stable isotope ratios and concentrations of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate. The effect of this interference on several commonly used methods was investigated. These findings should help avoid the use of inappropriate analytical methods and improve data quality in studies of the nitrogen cycle. Abstract. Characterisation of the reaction steps involved in nitrification can help determine the processes that produce potentiallyharmfulenvironmentalpollutantssuchasnitrite,nitrateandnitrousoxide(N 2 O). Theuseofnitrificationinhibitors can uncouple the reactions and therefore assist in their mechanistic and isotopic characterisation. However, nitrification inhibitors can interfere with the methods for determining the concentrations and stable isotope ratios of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate. The interference of allylthiourea, hydrazine or sodium chlorate in colorimetric methods and stable isotope measurements were assessed. Ammonium concentrations were measured with the salicylate method. Nitrite and nitrate were measuredwiththeGriessreaction,withnitratefirstbeingreducedtonitritewithvanadium(III)chloride.Forthestableisotopeanalysis,nitritewasreducedtoN 2 O in a 1 :1 sodium azide and acetic acid buffer solution; preceded, when necessary, by ammonium oxidation to nitrite by hypobromite or nitrate reduction to nitrite on an activated cadmium column. Sodium chlorate did not interfere with any of the analyses and none of the inhibitors interfered with the stable isotope ratios determinationofnitrate.Allylthioureainterferedwithammoniumandnitratequantification. Bothallylthioureaandhydrazinealsoclearlyinterferedinthedeterminationofthenitrogenstableisotoperatioofammonium,whileonlyallylthioureainterferedinthedeterminationofnitrogenandoxygenstableisotoperatiosofnitrite.Althoughwesuggestmethodstoovercomesomeoftheseinterferences,ourstudydemonstratedthattheanalyticalmethodsusedincombinationwithallylthioureaorhydrazineasnitrificationinhibitorsshouldbeconsideredwithcautionwhendesigningexperiments.
Testing the Feasibility of a Multi-Model Fusion Method for Monitoring the Action of Rehabilitating Stroke Patients in Care Management

Post-stroke care encounters challenges, including high cost, lack of professionals, and insufficient rehabilitation state evaluation. Computer technology can alleviate these issues, as it allows health care professionals (HCP) to quantify the workload and thus enhance rehabilitation care quality. In this paper, a novel multi-model fusion method, terms as pose dual-stream network (PDSN), is devised, aiming to test the feasibility of monitoring the training actions of rehabilitating stroke patients in care management. In particular, this deep-learning-based algorithm combines human pose estimation and dual-stream networks in an innovative way. We utilize an improved OpenPose to estimate human pose from videos obtained by the low-cost monocular camera. In dual-stream networks, the spatial and motion streams are flexibly integrated. The spatial stream network combines the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and attention mechanism to extract spatiotemporal data, while the motion stream network is composed of improved multi-layer 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which enhanced by causal and dilated convolution skillfully. Additionally, an adaptive weight fusion strategy is used to fuse the two networks for the final action classification. Results show high accuracy on two public datasets and a dataset created by us, which validate the superiority and feasibility of our method.
NSLS-II Booster Acceptance Studies

The NSLS-II is a state of the art 3 GeV synchrotron light source being developed at BNL. The injection system will consist of a 200 MeV linac and a 3 GeV booster synchrotron. The injection system must supply 7.3 nC every minute to satisfy the top off requirements. A large booster acceptance is necessary to have a high booster injection efficiency and alleviate the requirements on the linac gun. We also anticipate transverse stacking of bunches in the booster to increase the amount of charge that can be delivered. We present studies of the anticipated booster stay clear and the ramifications for injection efficiency and transverse stacking.
Research on QoS Optimization Method of Wireless Access Network

With the popularity of the network, the demand for wireless networks is increasing. In wireless networks, the mobility of the network is strong and the variability of data is strong, which makes it more important for users to provide reliable and reliable quality of service for the use of the network. However, the current academic research on network service quality is still not very popular. In order to enable users to obtain high quality of service in the process of using mobile networks, this paper studies the optimization method of service quality of wireless access networks. This paper studies the optimization mechanism and algorithm of QOS from two aspects, and obtains the method of QOS optimization of wireless access network, which promotes the development of network service quality.
The AWG/spl par/PSC network: a performance enhanced single-hop WDM network with heterogeneous protection

Single-hop WDM networks based on a central passive star coupler (PSC) or arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) hub have received a great deal of attention as promising solutions for the quickly increasing traffic in metropolitan and local area networks. These single-hop networks suffer from a single point of failure: if the central hub fails, then all network connectivity is lost. To address this single point of failure in an efficient manner, we propose a novel single-hop WDM network, the AWG/spl par/PSC network. The AWG/spl par/PSC network consists of an AWG in parallel with a PSC. The AWG and PSC provide heterogeneous protection for each other; the AWG/spl par/PSC network remains functional when either the AWG or the PSC fails. If both AWG and PSC are functional, the AWG/spl par/PSC network uniquely combines the respective strengths of the two devices. By means of analysis and verifying simulations we find that the throughput of the AWG/spl par/PSC network is significantly larger than the total throughput obtained by combining the throughput of a stand-alone AWG network with the throughput of a stand-alone PSC network. We also find that the AWG/spl par/PSC network gives over a wide operating range a better throughput-delay performance than a network consisting of either two load sharing PSCs in parallel or two load sharing AWGs in parallel.
Time Variation in the Tail Behaviour of Bund Futures Returns

1 This paper was presented at the workshop Measures and determinants of financial market uncertainty on 27-28 March 2002 at the European Central Bank. We would like to thank an anonymous referee for very helpful comments. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the European Central Bank. This paper can be downloaded without charge from Fax +49 69 1344 6000 Telex 411 144 ecb d All rights reserved. Reproduction for educational and non-commercial purposes is permitted provided that the source is acknowledged. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect those of the European Central Bank.
Grid oscillators with selective-feedback mirrors

Analytical and experimental results are presented that demonstrate the advantages of replacing the metal mirror of a C-band transistor-grid oscillator with two types of selective-feedback mirrors. The first mirror is a two-dimensional photonic crystal, whose frequency-, polarization-, and reflectivity-dependent characteristics result in higher radiated power, lower cross polarization, and improved locking. The second is a diode-loaded grating functioning as an electronically tunable mirror, which allows the oscillator to be amplitude-modulated.
APPLICABILITY OF A FULL BODY INERTIAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE DISCUS THROW

The aim of the study was the application of a full body inertial measurement system (IMS) for a kinematic analysis of the discus throw and the evaluation of its applicability. For this purpose, one male sports student performed three discus throws equipped with the IMS. All trials were additionally filmed by high-speed video. The results indicate that perfor-mance-relevant information can be obtained regarding the temporal coordination of the body segments and body joint angles. Limitations exist for the accurate detection of the last foot contact related instant and the discus release instant by solely using the IMS data.
MIXED H 2 /H ∞ CONTROL DESIGN FOR ACTIVE SUSPENSION STRUCTURES

This paper presents the mixed H 2 /H ∞ synthesis for active suspension design. The compensator is designed in such a way that it minimizes a given H 2 performance function, which keeps the maximum supported H ∞ perturbation below appropriate levels. In this design problem, the aim is to find a set of values for the design variables that yield an optimum value of the objective (or cost) function and which fit a number of constraints. In order to solve this problem a design procedure based on a trade-off curve is presented.
Computer assisted audit techniques

Namjera ovoga rada je ukazati na mogucnosti ucinkovitijeg revidiranja u okruženju sve intenzivnijega koristenja racunalnih tehnika koje pomažu reviziji CAAT, jer sveukupni ciljevi i opseg revizije ne mijenjaju se kada se revizija obavlja u racunalno-informatickom okruženju. CAATs mogu poboljsati ucinkovitost i produktivnost revizijskih procedura. Racunalom potpomognute tehnike revizije (CAATs) jesu nacini na koje, u kompjuteriziranom sustavu informacija, revizor može koristiti racunalo za skupljanje ili pomoc pri skupljanju revizijskih dokaza. Vise je razloga zbog kojih revizori primjenjuju racunalne tehnike koje pomažu reviziji. Najcesce tako postižu poboljsanje ucinkovitosti revidiranja u slucajevima kada je velik obujam podataka. Nekoliko je cimbenika o kojima ovisi hoce li revizori i u kojoj mjeri primijeniti racunalne tehnike koje pomažu reviziji, pri cemu su najvažniji racunalno znanje, strucnost i iskustvo revizora, raspoloživost racunalne tehnike i prikladnost racunalnih podrski, neizvedivost rucnih testova, ucinkovitost i djelotvornost i vremensko ogranicenje. Kroz nekoliko primjera iz prakse prikazane su mogucnosti ACL-a kao jednog od CAAT alata.