Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Improved Schema of Brain-computer Interface Based on Motor Imagery with Eye Movement

Motor imagery (MI) can induce electroencephalogram (EEG) and realize human-computer interaction, but this kind of interaction has poor robustness and low stability. To solve these problems, we improved MI paradigms with eye movement and proposed convolutional neural network classification models based on attention mechanism. We conducted a comparative study to evaluate the performance of MI with different eye movement patterns, i.e. smooth pursuit MI (PMI), saccade MI (SMI) and pure MI. The differences between Squeeze-Excitation (SE) module and Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) module were also explored. The results of power spectral density (PSD) showed that PMI paradigm induced the most significant event-related desynchronization (ERD) phenomenon and the average classification accuracy for PMI signals was also the best in the three paradigms. The combined EEGNet and SE framework achieved an average classification accuracy of 90.77%, which performed better than the model without attention module. PMI can optimize attention allocation of subjects, assist in the construction of motion thinking, and improve the quality of MI signals. EEGNet with SE module showed improved classification performance.
An Floyd-Warshall Evolution Relations Algorithm Based on Social Networks Key Groups

With the development of the society, people increasingly frequent application in social network, the formation of social networking groups become important step in people’s life. How to analyze the evolution of social network group relations become very important. In this paper, an Floyd-Warshall evolution relations algorithm based on social networks key groups is proposed. Mainly includes four parts, initial construction of social network group relations, social big data acquisition, network group relations weighting, and group relations reconstruction. Experimental results show that, by analyzing group communication frequency, group membership relationship and the number of social group members, the evolution map of social network group relationship can be obtained, which can make a more intuitive analysis and expression of the development process of social network group and the evolution of social network group relationship.
Thermodynamics for higher dimensional rotating black holes with variable Newton constant

The extensivity for the thermodynamics of general D-dimensional rotating black holes with or without a cosmological constant can be proved analytically, provided that the effective number of microscopic degrees of freedom and the chemical potential are given respectively as , where G is the variable Newton constant, is the Euclidean action, and L is a constant length scale. In the cases without a cosmological constant, i.e., the Myers-Perry black holes, the physical mass and the intensive variables can be expressed as explicit macro state functions in the extensive variables in a simple and compact form, which allows for an analytical calculation of the heat capacity. The results indicate that the Myers-Perry black holes with zero, one, and k equal rotation parameters are all thermodynamically unstable.
Dopamine receptor activation modulates GABA neuron migration Dopamine receptor activation modulates GABA neuron migration from the basal forebrain to the cerebral cortex from the basal forebrain to the cerebral cortex Let us know how access to this document benefits you.

GABA neurons of the cerebral cortex and other telencephalic structures are produced in the basal forebrain and migrate to their final destinationsduringtheembryonicperiod.Theembryonicbasalforebrainisenrichedindopamineanditsreceptors,creatingafavorableenvironmentfordopaminetoinfluenceGABAneuronmigration.However,whetherdopaminereceptoractivationcaninfluenceGABAneuronmigrationisnotknown.WeshowthatdopamineD 1 receptor activation promotes and D 2 receptor activation decreases GABA neuron migration from the medial and caudal ganglionic eminences to the cerebral cortex in slice preparations of embryonic mouse forebrain. Slice preparations from D 1 or D 2 receptor knock-out mouse embryos confirm the findings. In addition, D 1 receptor electropo-rationintocellsofthebasalforebrainandpharmacologicalactivationofthereceptorpromotemigrationoftheelectroporatedcellstothecerebralcortex.AnalysisofGABAneuronnumbersinthecerebralwallofthedopaminereceptorknock-outmouseembryosfurtherconfirmedtheeffectsofdopaminereceptoractivationonGABAneuronmigration.Finally,dopaminereceptoractivationmobilizesstriatalneuronalcytoskeletoninamannerconsistentwiththeeffectsonneuronalmigration.ThesedatashowthatimpairingthephysiologicalbalancebetweenD 1 and D 2 receptors can alter GABA neuron migration from the basal forebrain to the cerebral cortex. The intimate relationship between dopamine and GABA neuron development revealed here may offer novel insights into developmental disorders such as schizophrenia, attention deficit or autism, and fetal cocaine exposure, all of which are associated with dopamine and GABA imbalance. colocalization
Spectroscopic study of the 4f n−15d transitions of LaPO4 doped with Pr3+ or co-doped with Pr3+ and Gd3+ in the vacuum ultra violet region

The energy of f-d transitions depends on the crystalline field in which the lanthanide ion is inserted. Depending on the experimental setup, these transitions could occur at high energy, so several studies regarding theoretical data have been conducted. Here, we present the experimental determination of the energy of interconfigurational 4f n → 4f n−15d (f-d) transitions from Pr3+ ions to the lanthanum orthophosphate LaPO4 matrix; we have also determined the bandgap value for this host. The experiments were carried out at the Synchrotron setup of the Brazilian LNLS laboratory. Specifically, we synthesized LaPO4:Pr3+ and LaPO4:Pr3+/Gd3+ by the hydrothermal method under different pH conditions or by spray pyrolysis. The particles resulting from hydrothermal synthesis had different morphologies and the influence of pH value was showed: the reaction medium was controlled along the process, which changed the surface potential. On the basis of Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction analyses, we found that the crystalline phase was monoclinic monazite for all the samples. We studied the 4f5d level and bandgap transitions at high energy by absorption analysis in the VUV range. The experimental results were 7.5 eV (LaPO4 bandgap) and 5 eV (4f n → 4f n−15d transition of the Pr3+ ion), which were close to the theoretical values reported in the literature for this ion and this matrix.
Joint Optimization of Vertical Component Gravity and Seismic P-wave First Arrivals by Simulated Annealing

ABSTRACTJoint seismic and gravity analyses of the San Emidio geothermal field in the northwest Basin and Range province of Nevada demonstrate that joint optimization changes interpretation outcomes. The prior 0.3–0.5 km deep basin interpretation gives way to a deeper than 1.3 km basin model. Kirchoff prestack depth migrations reveal that joint optimization ameliorates shallow velocity artifacts, flattening antiformal reflectors that could have been interpreted as folds. Furthermore, joint optimization provides a clearer picture of the rangefront fault by increasing the depth of constrained velocities, which improves reflector coherency at depth. This technique provides new insight when applied to existing data sets and could replace the existing strategy of forward modeling to match gravity data. We have achieved stable joint optimization through simulated annealing, a global optimization algorithm that does not require an accurate initial model. Balancing the combined seismic-gravity objective function i.
A Multi-mode 1 MHz PFC Rectifier with Digital Peak Current Modulation

A Multi-Mode 1 MHz PFC Rectifier with Digital Peak Current Modulation Ryan Fernandes Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2015 This work presents a novel digital implementation of a peak current mode control, boost power factor correction rectifier for efficient operation at 1 MHz. Through cycle-bycycle calculations using the converter operating conditions, the digital controller actively modulates the inductor peak current to produce an average sinusoidal input current for unity power factor. At low input currents, the converter operates from 125-500 kHz in discontinuous conduction mode for optimal efficiency. At high input currents, the converter operates at 1 MHz in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) for reduced inductor footprint. An off-time generator with a frequency locked loop facilitates CCM without requiring slope compensation. An adaptive output voltage of 250/450 V for low/high mains line voltage (85-265 Vrms) is used to optimize efficiency. The 150 W prototype operates up to 1 MHz with a peak efficiency of 95%. Additionally, a novel integrated circuit implementation with co-packaged Gallium Nitride cascode and integrated sensing is presented.
EncephalomyelitisResolution of Experimental Autoimmune System APCs Regulate the Emergence and Resident and Infiltrating Central Nervous

During experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), autoreactive Th1 T cells invade the CNS. Before performing their effector functions in the target organ, T cells must recognize Ag presented by CNS APCs. Here, we investigate the nature and activity of the cells that present Ag within the CNS during myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced EAE, with the goal of understanding their role in regulating inﬂammation. Both inﬁltrating macrophages (Mac-1 1 CD45 high ) and resident microglia (Mac-1 1 CD45 int ) expressed MHC-II, B7-1, and B7-2. Macrophages and microglia presented exogenous and endogenous CNS Ags to T cell lines and CNS T cells, resulting in IFN- g production. In contrast, Mac-1 2 cells were inefﬁcient APCs during EAE. Late in disease, after mice had partially recovered from clinical signs of disease, there was a reduction in Ag-presenting capability that correlated with decreased MHC-II and B7-1 expression. Interestingly, although CNS APCs induced T cell cytokine production, they did not induce proliferation of either T cell lines or CNS T cells. This was attributable to production by CNS cells (mainly by macrophages) of NO. T cell proliferation was restored with an NO inhibitor, or if the APCs were obtained from inducible NO synthase-deﬁcient mice. Thus, CNS APCs, though essential for the initiation of disease, also play a down-regulatory role. The mechanisms by which CNS APCs limit the expansion of autoreactive T cells in the target organ include their production of NO, which inhibits T cell proliferation, and their decline in Ag presentation late in disease. The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 166: 5168–5175. organ. In multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), 3 the “target organ” is the CNS, consisting of the brain and spinal cord. Much work has analyzed Ag presentation in peripheral lymphoid tissue. Here we investigate the role of the APC in the target organ, in both their positive and negative regulation of inﬂammation and clinical course of EAE.
Listeria Bacterial Infection with Prevention of Allograft Tolerance by

Exposure to certain viruses and parasites has been shown to prevent the induction of transplantation tolerance in mice via the generation of cross-reactive memory T cell responses or the induction of bystander activation. Bacterial infections are common in the perioperative period of solid organ allograft recipients in the clinic, and correlations between bacterial infections and acute allograft rejection have been reported. However, whether bacterial infections at the time of transplantation have any effect on the generation of transplantation tolerance remains to be established. We used the Gram-positive intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (LM) as a model pathogen because its effects on immune responses are well described. Perioperative LM infection prevented cardiac and skin allograft acceptance induced by anti-CD154 and donor-speciﬁc transfusion in mice. LM-mediated rejection was not due to the generation of cross-reactive T cells and was largely independent of signaling via MyD88, an adaptor for most TLRs, IL-1, and IL-18. Instead, transplant rejection following LM infection was dependent on the expression of the phagosome-lysing pore former listeriolysin O and on type I IFN receptor signaling. Our results indicate that bacterial exposure at the time of transplantation can antagonize tolerogenic regimens by enhancing alloantigen-speciﬁc immune responses independently of the generation of cross-reactive memory T cells. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 180: 5991–5999. linical data support a correlation between viral infections and acute rejection of established allografts (1–4). Experimental animal models have revealed the exposure of hosts to viral or parasitic agents prior to transplantation can result in the development of memory T cells (5–7) that are resistant to the effects of anti-CD154
and Unfolded Protein Response B Suppression via Reactive Oxygen Species k Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin for NF-Pleiotropic Potential of

Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ) is a low-m.w. compound that strongly inhibits NF- k B. Previous reports showed that DHMEQ directly binds to speciﬁc cysteine residues of NF- k B subunits and thereby inhibits their nuclear translocation and DNA binding. In this work, we describe novel mechanisms by which DHMEQ suppresses cytokine-triggered activation of NF- k B. We found that sustained exposure of renal tubular cells to DHMEQ blocked TNF- a – and IL-1 b –induced TGF- b –activated kinase 1 (TAK1) phosphorylation, a crucial event for NF- k B activation upstream of I k B kinase. This inhibition was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), because of the following: 1) DHMEQ caused generation of ROS; 2) pretreatment with ROS generator inhibited cytokine-induced TAK1 phosphorylation and NF- k B activation; and 3) scavenging of ROS attenuated the suppressive effects of DHMEQ on TAK1 and NF- k B. We also found that DHMEQ caused the unfolded protein response (UPR) through generation of ROS. Alleviation of the UPR by chemical and genetic chaperones partially attenuated the suppressive effect of DHMEQ on NF- k B. The UPR-mediated inhibition of NF- k B occurred downstream of degradation of I k B a and phosphorylation of p65. Subsequent experiments revealed the following: 1) DHMEQ caused selective induction of C/EBP b through the UPR; 2) overexpression of C/EBP b suppressed activation of NF- k B; 3) knockdown of C/EBP b attenuated the inhibitory effect of DHMEQ; and 4) DHMEQ-induced expression of C/EBP b did not affect TNF- a –triggered degradation of I k B a and phosphorylation of p65. These results suggest that, in addition to its known effect on nuclear translocation of NF- k B, DHMEQ interferes with the cytokine-induced NF- k B signaling via generation of ROS at both upstream and downstream of the I k B kinase–I k B level. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 190: 6559–6569.
Criteria Assessment Model for Sustainable Product Development

The instability in today's market and the ever increasing and emerging demands for mass customized and hybrid products by customers, are driving companies and decision makers to seek for cost effective and time efficient improvements in their product development process. Design concept evaluation which is the end of conceptual design is one of the most critical decision points in product development. It relates to the final success of product development, because poor criteria assessment in design concept evaluation can rarely compensated at the later stages. This has led to real pressure for the adaptation of new developmental architecture and operational parameters to remain competitive in the market. In this paper, a new integrated design concept evaluation based on fuzzy-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (Fuzzy-TOPSIS) is presented, and it also attempts to incorporate sustainability practices in assessing the criteria. Prior to Fuzzy-TOPSIS, a new scale of “Weighting criteria” for survey process is developed to quantify the evaluation criteria. This method will help engineers to improve the effectiveness and objectivity of the sustainable product development. Case example from industry is presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology. The result of the example shows that the new integrated method provides an alternative to existing methods of design concept evaluation.
Transport Surveys: Considerations for Decision Makers and Decision Making

Abstract This book provides an international perspective on improving information to support transportation decision making. It comprises a selection of papers plus workshop syntheses from the 9th International Conference on Transport Survey Methods in Chile in November 2011. The conference was organized into 14 workshops with both paper presentations and discussions in the workshops forming the majority of the conference activity. The papers reported primarily on research pertaining to continuous improvement in transport survey methods — the backbone of the transportation data pipeline in most countries. But some papers also addressed the new ways in which innovation — notably technological innovation — is being applied to the capture and analysis of data to produce necessary information faster, better, and less expensively. The conference program built on a rich legacy of intellectual pursuits spanning the past two decades, and it is anticipated that the conference will continue into the future. Thus, the contents of this book represent a 5–10 year view through a moving window on the international state of the practice and concerns in transport survey methods.
Different In Situ Immune Patterns between Primary Tumor and Lymph Node in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Potential Impact on Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy

Background Neoadjuvant immunotherapy is promising for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The in situ immune patterns, as a predictor of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade outcomes, of the primary tumor (PT) and metastatic lymph nodes (mLNs) are unknown. Methods Multiplex immunofluorescence staining and multispectral imaging were used to evaluate the in situ immune patterns of T cells (CD3+) and cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) in terms of density, location (center of tumor (CT) and invasive margin (IM)), and the PD-L1 expression status of tumor cells and stromal T cells of paired PTs and mLNs in 38 stage III NSCLCs. Results The densities of T cells and cytotoxic T cells were correlated between PTs and mLNs at both CT and IM. Higher densities of stromal T cells (S-CD3+) at CT and both S-CD3+ and cytotoxic T cells (S-CD8+) at IM were observed in mLNs compared to PTs, while in tumor compartment, there were no differences in the densities of T cells (T-CD3+) or cytotoxic T cells (T-CD8+). Only the density of stromal PD-L1-positive T cells (S-PD-L1+CD3+) at CT was correlated between PTs and mLNs, while the densities and frequencies of S-PD-L1+CD3+ at CT and IM of mLNs were higher than PTs. Combining positive score discordance of PD-L1 between PTs and mLNs was greater than tumor proportion score. Conclusions. In situ immune patterns of T cells and cytotoxic T cells were different between PTs and mLNs in NSCLC. The heterogeneity of the in situ immune patterns may result in different immune-mediated responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in PT and mLNs.
Biochemical Characterization of Different Chemical Components of Parthenium hysterophorus and Their Therapeutic Potential against HIV-1 RT and Microbial Growth

Parthenium hysterophorus possesses certain allelochemicals responsible for their medicinal effects. The presence of oils, polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenes, pseudoguaianolides, and histamines in P. hysterophorus has been shown to exhibit medicinal properties. However, the systematic biomedical properties of this plant are still unexplored. The extracts of leaves, stem, and flower of P. hysterophorus, both at low and high temperatures (equivalent to boiling points of different solvents) were prepared. The extracts prepared in hexane, ethylacetate, methanol, and water were analyzed spectrophotometrically and colorimetrically and resolved on TLC for the presence of phytochemicals. The analyses of the free radical quenching potential of plant extracts were done by DPPH assay. The total antioxidant capacity was determined by phosphomolybdate assay and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay was used to determine the reduction potential of the extracts. The spectrophotometric and qualitative analysis of plant extracts demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and cardiac glycosides. The occurrence of more than one Rf values for extracts determined by TLC indicated the presence of more than one phytochemical compound. The P. hysterophorus extracts contained strong antioxidant activity. These extracts exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermis, Salmonela typhi, Neisseria gonococci or gonococci, Citrobacter, and Shigella flexineri. The evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of P. hysterophorus extracts was done by the disc diffusion method. These extracts also showed significant inhibition against HIV-1 RT activity. The anti-HIV-1 RT activity was done using Roche Kit. The P. hysterophorus extracts displayed the presence of many phytochemicals with strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-HIV-1 RT properties.
NAC-mediated membrane lipid remodeling negatively regulates fruit cold tolerance

Abstract Low temperatures are known to destroy cell membranes’ structural integrity by affecting the remodeling of their phospholipids. Fruits stored at low temperature are prone to chilling injury, characterized by discoloration, absence of ripening, surface pitting, growth inhibition, flavor loss, decay, and wilting. Phosphatidic acid, a vital second-messenger lipid in plants, is known to accumulate in response to different kinds of stress stimuli. However, the regulatory mechanism of its production from the degradation of phospholipids remains poorly understood. We identified two cold-responsive NAC (NAM/ATAF1/CUC2) transcription factors from bananas, namely, MaNAC25 and MaNAC28, which negatively regulated cold tolerance in banana fruits by upregulating the expression of phospholipid degradation genes in banana fruits. Furthermore, MaNAC25 and MaNAC28 formed a positive feedback loop to induce phospholipid degradation and produce phosphatidic acid. In contrast, ethylene directly inhibited the degradation of phospholipids in banana and transgenic tomato fruits. In addition, ethylene reduced the activity of MaNAC25 and MaNAC28, thereby inhibiting phospholipid degradation. To conclude, NAC-mediated membrane lipid remodeling negatively regulates the cold tolerance of banana and transgenic tomato fruits.