Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesizing a working definition of "mass" media

Media scholars as well as the public frequently use the terms â€œmass communicationâ€ and â€œmass mediaâ€,but the meaning of these terms is often ambiguous. While it is assumed that everyone knowswhat these terms mean, the few scholars who attempt to define these terms struggle to capture theessence of their meaning without including elements that are faulty, and this task is becoming evenmore difficult in the new media environment. We are left with the troubling question: What are theâ€œmassâ€ media? This review constructs an answer to this question in a four step process. The first stepfeatures a critical analysis of the literature to identify definitional elements used by scholars. Thesedefinitional elements are subjected to four screens that evaluate their utility in a second step. Thethird step adds elements missing from the literature so as to make the eventual definition more usefulin the new media environment. Finally, the fourth step features the construction of a working definitionof â€œmassâ€ media.
Squat and Patellofemoral Pain: protocol for a systematic review

Background: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) represents anterior knees’ diseases. The PFPS is a multifactorial disease, with high prevalence. It presents a direct relationship of deterioration through the act of squatting, descending and climbing stairs, interfering both in working and daily activities. The main purpose of the study will be to find evidence of the direct relationship between the variations of squatting during muscular daily physical exercises and the patellofemoral disease. Methodology: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) Statement was used to elaborate the adequate research guidelines to address the research objective. Seven databases will be accessed (Academic Search Complete, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, Informaworld by Taylor & Francis, and Medline via PMC) and, at least, 10 keywords will be combined. Study appraisal and synthesis methods: One author will independently screen titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at first, and full-texts of potentially eligible records at a second phase, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. Two review authors will also assess the risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Tool, Rob 2.0. This protocol is registered in PROSPERO under the code CRD42019128711.
B cell humoral response and differentiation is regulated by the non-canonical poly(A) polymerase TENT5C

TENT5C is a non-canonical cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase (ncPAP) upregulated in activated B cells and suppressing their proliferation. Herein we measured the global distribution of poly(A) tail lengths in responsive B cells using a modified Nanopore direct RNA-sequencing approach and revealed that TENT5C polyadenylates immunoglobulin mRNAs regulating their steady-state levels. Consequently, TENT5C deficient B cells secrete less antibodies and KO mice have diminished gamma globulin concentrations despite the increased number of CD138high plasma cells as a consequence of accelerated differentiation. TENT5C is explicitly upregulated in differentiating plasma cells by innate signaling. Importantly, TENT5C deficiency in B lymphocytes impairs the capacity of the secretory pathway through the reduction of ER volume and downregulation of unfolded protein response. Our findings define the role of the TENT5C enzyme in B cell physiology and discover the first ncPAP engaged in the regulation of immunoglobulin mRNA poly(A) tails, thus serving as a regulator of humoral immunity.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with S. haematobium Egg Excretion during the Dry Season, Six Months following Mass Distribution of Praziquantel (PZQ) in 2017 in the Bafia Health Area, South West Region Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background A selective population mass drug administration of PZQ involving school-aged children was carried out in the Bafia Health Area in April 2017. This study investigated the prevalence, intensity, and factors associated with S. haematobium egg excretion in this foci during the dry season, six months after the chemotherapy campaign. Methods A cross-sectional study including 1001 consenting individuals (aged 3-62 years) was carried out in three localities (Ikata, Bafia, and Munyenge) in the Bafia Health Area between November 2017 and January 2018. Information on sociodemographic, stream usage, and contact behaviour was documented. Schistosoma haematobium ova in urine were detected using membrane filtration technique. Results The prevalence of S. haematobium egg excretion was 8% with a higher level recorded in Munyenge (13.2%) than Ikata (7.5%) and Bafia (2.8%). The difference was significant (p < 0.001). Equally, Munyenge had the highest infection intensity (36.36 range: 2-200) when compared with Ikata (16.25 range: 2-57) and Bafia (8.0 range: 0-8). Although the age group (5–15 years) was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with more exposure to infested water, this group was less likely (OR: 0.42 95% CI: 0.19-0.91) associated with S. haematobium egg excretion. The risk of egg excretion increased by 4.79 times (95% CI: 2.20-10.41) and 3.68 times (95% CI: 1.59-8.54) among residents in Munyenge and Ikata, respectively. Similarly, frequency to the stream (> thrice/day) was significantly higher (χ2 = 58.73; p < 0.001) in Munyenge. Frequent contact (three visits/day) with stream correlated with highest odds of egg excretion (OR: 8.43 95% CI: 3.71-19.13). Conclusion The prevalence of S. haematobium egg excretion was low during the dry season. This was most likely attributed to the preventive campaign with PZQ and may parallel low transmission potentials in infested waters during this period.
Flooding-Based Algorithm for Behavioural Compatibility Measuring

Nowadays, large software systems are mostly built using existing services. These are not always designed to interact, i.e., their public interfaces often present some mismatches. Checking compatibility of service interfaces allows one to avoid erroneous executions when composing the services and ensures correct reuse and interaction. Service compatibility has been intensively studied, in particular for discovery purposes, but most of existing approaches return a Boolean result. In this paper, we present a quantitative approach for measuring the compatibility degree of service interfaces. Our method is generic and flooding-based, and fully automated by a prototype tool.
Somatic embryogenesis for conifer seedling production – The biology of scaling

Conifer somatic embryogenesis has long been recognized as an advanced vegetative propagation technology. Somatic embryogenesis provides a platform for capturing and long-term preservation of elite genotypes and developing commercial scale-up systems for mass production of plants. Although, significant success has been reported in improving conifer somatic embryogenic protocols, little has been presented to describe the complexity of integrating in vitro (laboratory) and ex-vitro (greenhouse) programs for developing a commercial production system capable of delivering tens of millions of conifer somatic seedlings. This integration requires both programs to run in concert and produce propagules capable of surviving and growing under greenhouse conditions at very early stages. It also requires the integration of seedling development events to ensure the production of quality seedlings that meet needs of the forest restoration program. This paper describes the importance of protocol optimization for scaling-up the in vitro and ex vitro programs. The ‘biology of scaling’ is discussed in view of plant cell, embryo, germinant and somatic seedling requirements throughout the program. Logistical issues related to protocol optimization and scale-up are addressed. Specific control points for monitoring and controlling the commercial process are presented. The importance of developing standard operating procedures, media batch records, and quality control systems are discussed. Ultimately, a fully integrated system capable of producing tens of millions of conifer somatic seedlings is presented.
A Study of Recommending Service Using Mining Sequential Pattern based on Weight

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경하에서 전자상거래 대규모가 대형화되고 취급되는 항목제품들도 다종 다양해지고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이러한 유비쿼터스 상거래 시스템은 편리하고 신속하게 제공되어야 하고 다이나믹한 환경에서 실시간성과 민첩성이 요구되고 있다. 데이터마이닝에서 추출한 지식을 적극적으로 활용하는 기법들이 전자상거래에서 구매 촉진을 증진시키는 마케팅 전략으로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경 하에 지능형 모바일 단말기를 이용한 추천을 위한 가중치기반 순차패턴탐사를 이용한 추천서비스f를 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 추천의 정확성을 향상시키고 구매력이 높은 항목제품 및 서비스를 추천하기 위해서 FRAT 세분화 기법을 이용한 가중치기반 순차패턴 탐사를 이용한 추천서비스를 제안하였다. 성능평가를 위해 현업에서 사용하는 인터넷 화장품 쇼핑몰의 데이터를 기반으로 데이터 셋을 구성하여 기존의 방법과 비교 실험을 통해 성능을 평가하여 효용성과 타당성을 입증하였다. 유비쿼터스 상거래에서 시간과 장소에 제약을 받지 않는 모바일 웹앱을 이용한 추천서비스를 위해서 이전방법보다 개선된 방법으로 추천서비스을 구현하였다.
Electrical microstimulation evokes saccades in posterior parietal cortex of common marmosets

The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a small-bodied New World primate, increasing in prominence as a model animal for neuroscience research. The lissencephalic cortex of this primate species provides substantial advantages for the application of electrophysiological techniques such as high-density and laminar recordings, which have the capacity to advance our understanding of local and laminar cortical circuits and their roles in cognitive and motor functions. This is particularly the case with respect to the oculomotor system, as critical cortical areas of this network such as the frontal eye fields (FEF) and lateral intraparietal area (LIP) lie deep within sulci in macaques. Studies of cytoarchitecture and connectivity have established putative homologies between cortical oculomotor fields in marmoset and macaque, but physiological investigations of these areas, particularly in awake marmosets, have yet to be carried out. Here, we addressed this gap by probing the function of posterior parietal cortex (PPC) of the common marmoset using electrical microstimulation. We implanted two animals with 32-channel Utah arrays at the location of the putative area LIP and applied microstimulation while they viewed a video display and made untrained eye movements. Similar to previous studies in macaques, stimulation evoked fixed-vector and goal-directed saccades, staircase saccades, and eye blinks. These data demonstrate that area LIP of the marmoset plays a role in the regulation of eye movements, provide additional evidence that this area is homologous with that of the macaque, and further establish the marmoset as valuable model for neurophysiological investigations of oculomotor and cognitive control.
Infectious bronchitis in poultry: A review

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an extremely contagious viral disease of poultry caused by Corona virus. The disease was first described in 1930 in USA. The disease is prevalent globally with the incidence of infection approaching 100% in most locations. The virus replicates not only in the epithelium of respiratory tract, but also replicates in many other tissues causing respiratory, renal and urogenital disorders. Clinical signs of disease vary based on the age of birds, pathogenecity of the virus strain and existing level of immunity. Economic consequences to the poultry industry comprise growth retardation, decreased egg production, reduced internal and external egg quality, reduced hatchability and infertility. Since the disease continues to emerge with diversity it is much difficult to control infection as no specific treatment is available. Therefore, early diagnosis and concentrated efforts is necessary to reduce the impact of disease. This review gives insight on infectious bronchitis virus effect on poultry.
The role of complement and Toll-like receptors in thromboinflammation

Article history: Received 22 October 2015 Received in revised form 27 April 2016 Accepted 27 April 2016 Available online 28 April 2016 Introduction: C1-inhibitor (C1-INH), a serine protease inhibitor in plasma plays a central role in the cross-talk among the complement, coagulation, fibrinolytic and kallikrein-kinin systems. However, previous reports indicate thrombotic risks in children following supraphysiological dosing with C1-INH. Objective: To investigate the role of supraphysiological C1-INH concentrations in clot development with and without addition of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in fresh human whole blood using thromboelastometry. Materials and methods: Blood was collected in citrate tubes, and C1-INH (3.0 to 47.6 μM) or human serum albumin (HSA)was added as a control. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)was analysed in the plasma. The analyses non-activated thromboelastometry (NATEM), extrinsic (EXTEM) or intrinsic thromboelastometry (INTEM) were performed using rotational thromboelastometry. Results: C1-INH increased aPTT 1.8-fold (p b 0.05), whereas HSA had no effect. C1-INH increased NATEM clotting time (CT) from 789 s to 2025 s (p b 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. C1-INH reduced the NATEM alpha angle from 47 to 28° (p b 0.05) and increased the NATEM clot formation time from 261 s to 595 s (p b 0.05). E. coli significantly reduced the NATEM CT after 120 min of incubation. C1-INH prevented E. coli-induced activation (p b 0.05). C1-INH significantly increased the INTEM CT (p b 0.05), but had no effect on EXTEM CT. C1-INH (47.6 μM) significantly reduced fibrinolysis measured as NATEM and EXTEM lysis indices LI60. Conclusions: Supraphysiological C1-INH concentrations have dose-dependent anticoagulant effects in human whole blood in vitro. At very high levels C1-INH also inhibits fibrinolysis. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
New genetic sources for orange color in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit flesh

Most cucumber varieties have fruits with white flesh, which is devoid of ß-carotene and has a low concentration of total carotenoids. Carotenoids are important nutrients for humans and animals. Thus, developing cucumber varieties with orange flesh could provide a new nutritionally enhanced food source. Some cucumbers with yellow and orange flesh have been described, but there are others that have not been studied. Here, we used three cucumber PI lines, reported to produce colored fruits, from the USDA National Plant Germplasm System to generate three F2 populations. Fruits from the F2 populations with colored flesh (green, yellow, or orange) were pooled, and an equal number of fruits with white flesh were pooled. RNA was isolated from the pools and used for RNA sequencing to determine gene expression differences and to identify SNPs in each pool. The orange color of the cucumber fruits was confirmed to be due to ß-carotene. There were no clear expression patterns for genes of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway that would suggest that their expression controlled the coloration of fruits. Mutations in carotenoid biosynthesis genes also did not explain the variation. However, we detected a SNP in the homolog of the Or gene that is responsible for ß-carotene accumulation in orange cauliflower. This genetic basis is different from that of previously studied orange cucumbers, but our results suggest that Or is not the only factor. These results provide the basis for future studies for breeding orange cucumbers for commercial or home garden production.
Methodology of transient simulation in time domain for DG and microgrid(1):basic framework and algorithm

DG(Distributed Generation) and microgrid are featured with nonlinearity and randomness and the transient simulation of their response characteristics in time domain requires detailed modeling of the elements,for which,the framework of electromagnetic transient simulation based on nodal analysis is adopted.Different algorithms of transient simulation are introduced and compared.The modified augmented nodal analysis is applied to extend the modeling capability of electrical system,the Newton iteration is applied to obtain the solution of control system and eliminate the inner time-delay of nonlinear elements,the pseudo Newton method is applied to enhance the calculation speed of control system,and the interpolation scheme is applied in the simulation of power electronic switching.The initialization methods for the transient simulation are discussed.
Physiological factors affecting the mechanical performance of peripheral muscles: A perspective for long COVID patients through a systematic literature review

Background: Peripheral muscle weakness can be measured quantitatively in long COVID patients. Mechanomyography (MMG) is an alternative tool to measure muscle strength non-invasively. Objective: This literature review aims to provide evidence on the efficacy of MMG in measuring muscle strength for long COVID patients and to determine the physiological factors that may affect the use of MMG in assessing muscle performance. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using EBSCO’s MEDLINE Complete. A total of five out of 2,249 potential publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results: The selected studies addressed muscle performance based on the physiological effects of age, gender, and physical activity level. MMG is sensitive in measuring muscle strength for long COVID patients due to its higher signal-to-noise ratio and lightweight accelerometers. Its neglectable skin impedance and low risk of influences during the recording of surface motions make MMG a reliable tool. Conclusion: Muscle performance is affected by age, gender, and physical activity level. Sensors, such as MMG, as well as the length of the muscle and the characteristics of the muscle activity, are important considerations when choosing a sensor for diagnostic evaluation. The efficacy of MMG in measuring muscle strength for long COVID patients and the physiological factors that may affect the use of MMG in assessing muscle performance are discussed.
Analysis of the Indirect Costs of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Romania

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased costs generated by resource utilization and loss of work productivity. We have studied 206 RA patients and analyzed indirect costs of RA in Romania (estimated using the human capital approach) in comparison with reported data for other countries. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires. The average age at inclusion was 55 years, with mean disease duration of 9.4 years; 55 patients had permanent work disability due to RA; 6.35 days of sick leave per patient were reported for the entire year of follow-up; the cost of permanent work disability was 1256€ per patient. From a societal perspective, the average indirect costs for a patient with RA were 1506€, significantly lower than the ones reported by other countries, especially due to the low monetary value of paid work.
First Attempt to Identify and Map QTLs Associated with Promiscuous Nodulation in Soybean

To inform possibility of conducting marker assisted breeding of promiscuous soybean varieties, this study used 92 F2 lines from biparental cross to identify QTLs associated with promiscuous nodulation in soybean. GBS; genotyping by sequencing platform was used to generate SNPs through the pipeline 2 in TASSEL 5.0, Bowtie2 version 2.2. 8 for tag alignment, Beagle version 4.1 to impute missing SNPs and R-QTL package in R for QTL identification. Four nodulation traits were assessed viz number of nodules (NN), percent of effective nodules (NE), fresh weight and dry weight of nodules (NFW and NDW). Two QTLs were identified on chromosomes 10 and 13. Both QTLs were associated with NN, only QTL13 was associated NE and only QTL10 was associated with nodule ‘weights. It was observed that NN, NFW and NDW shared QTL10 and NN and NE share QTL13 allowing hypothetize on the existence of pleiotropic genes in those those two regions. Over dominance effect was observed for QTL10 and non additive effect for QTL13. The paper recommend investigations be pursued to validate those QTLs and set foundation for marker assisted selection of promiscuous soybean varieties. Also these findings could serve as starting point for gene cloning to better understand nodulation trait in soybean.
Haemorrhage Detection and Classification: A Review

In Indian population, the count of diabetic peoples gets increasing day by day. Due to improper balance of insulin in the human body causes Diabetic. The most common symptom of the person with diabetes is diabetic retinopathy, which leads to blindness. The effect due to DR can reduce by early detection of Haemorrhages and treated at an early stage. In recent year, there is an increased interest in the field of medical image processing. Many researchers have developed advanced algorithms for Haemorrhage detection using fundus images. In proposed paper, we discuss various methods for Haemorrhage detection and classification.
The molecular genetics of Joubert syndrome and related ciliopathies: The challenges of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity

Joubert syndrome (JS; MIM PS213300) is a rare, typically autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and a distinctive malformation of the cerebellum and brainstem identified as the “molar tooth sign” on brain MRI. Other universal features include hypotonia with later ataxia and intellectual disability/developmental delay, with additional features consisting of oculomotor apraxia and abnormal respiratory pattern. Notably, other, more variable features include renal cystic disease, typically nephronophthisis, retinal dystrophy, and congenital hepatic fibrosis; skeletal changes such as polydactyly and findings consistent with short-rib skeletal dysplasias are also seen in many subjects. These pleiotropic features are typical of a number of disorders of the primary cilium, and make the identification of causal genes challenging given the significant overlap between JS and other ciliopathy conditions such as nephronophthisis and Meckel, Bardet-Biedl, and COACH syndromes. This review will describe the features of JS, characterize the 35 known genes associated with the condition, and describe some of the genetic conundrums of JS, such as the heterogeneity of founder effects, lack of genotype-phenotype correlations, and role of genetic modifiers. Finally, aspects of JS and related ciliopathies that may pave the way for development of therapeutic interventions, including gene therapy, will be described.
An Analysis of Reconstruction Algorithms Applied to 3D Building Modeling

Objectives: The process of reconstructing a city cannot be fully automated. More human intervention is required to achieve high quality mass modeling. Our objectives are to provide a guide for the 3D graphic designers and 3D modelers in developing 3D building models. Methods: We present an up-to-date survey of the reconstruction algorithms which are further classified as point cloud based reconstruction methods and structure-aware shape reconstruction methods. We introduce various existing 3D reconstruction techniques and have compared those techniques based on shape simplification, surface completion and shape modeling methodologies. Findings: We have identified the pipeline process and technical issues encountered in each phase of the reconstruction process from a given image layout. As stated, the inverse procedural reconstruction approaches are best oriented towards the reconstruction of buildings from a given input 2D image. Also, there is a lack of systems that are capable of generating procedural rules from user interaction. Improvements: We propose a new 3D reconstruction methodology and novel framework that combines component based structure capturing and rule based modeling techniques that would best be suitable for 3D building modeling, resembling the real world buildings in future systems.