Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequential Analysis: Hypothesis Testing and Changepoint Detection

Sequential Analysis: Hypothesis Testing and Changepoint Detection systematically develops the theory of sequential hypothesis testing and quickest changepoint detection. It also describes important applications in which theoretical results can be used efficiently. The book reviews recent accomplishments in hypothesis testing and changepoint detection both in decision-theoretic (Bayesian) and non-decision-theoretic (non-Bayesian) contexts. The authors not only emphasize traditional binary hypotheses but also substantially more difficult multiple decision problems. They address scenarios with simple hypotheses and more realistic cases of two and finitely many composite hypotheses. The book primarily focuses on practical discrete-time models, with certain continuous-time models also examined when general results can be obtained very similarly in both cases. It treats both conventional i.i. d. and general non-i.i. d. stochastic models in detail, including Markov, hidden Markov, state-space, regression, and autoregression models. Rigorous proofs are given for the most important results. Written by leading authorities in the field, this book covers the theoretical developments and applications of sequential hypothesis testing and sequential quickest changepoint detection in a wide range of engineering and environmental domains. It explains how the theoretical aspects influence the hypothesis testing and changepoint detection problems as well as the design of algorithms.
Overexpression of Sweet Potato Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 4 (IbCCD4) Decreased Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Salt stress has a serious impact on normal plant growth and yield. Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) degrades carotenoids to produce apocarotenoids, which are involved in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study shows that the expression of sweet potato IbCCD4 was significantly induced by salt and dehydration stress. The heterologous expression of IbCCD4 in Arabidopsis was induced to confirm its salt tolerance. Under 200 mM NaCl treatment, compared to wild-type plants, the rosette leaves of IbCCD4-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed increased anthocyanins and carotenoid contents, an increased expression of most genes in the carotenoid metabolic pathway, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. IbCCD4-overexpressing lines also showed a decreased expression of resistance-related genes and a lower activity of three antioxidant enzymes: peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). These results indicate that IbCCD4 reduced salt tolerance in Arabidopsis, which contributes to the understanding of the role of IbCCD4 in salt stress.
Design of a Particle Swarm Optimized Photovoltaic system during various partial shading conditions

This work discusses an enhanced photovoltaic system using the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. The proposed method has been evaluated under several scenarios of partial shading, and the results obtained are contrasted with the Perturb and Observe technique. Hence, it has shown its effectiveness in locating the global maximum power point whatever the meteorological conditions, especially in inhomogeneous conditions. This technique makes it possible to enhance the effectiveness of the photovoltaic system studied because it makes it possible to minimize the loss of power in the case of non-homogeneous irradiation conditions.
Genetic algorithm for optimizing Bragg and hybrid metal-dielectric reflectors

Highly efficient reflectors are in demand in the rapidly developing optoelectronics. At the moment, distributed Bragg reflectors made of semiconductor materials are mainly used in this capacity. A lot of time and financial resources are spent on their production. Reducing the thickness of the reflector while maintaining its reflectivity would make these devices more affordable and extend their lifetime by reducing thermal noise. With the help of genetic optimization algorithms, the structures of multilayer semiconductor and combined metal-semiconductor reflectors were obtained, having a smaller thickness and equal optical characteristics than those of classical analogues. In particular, a 29% reduction in the thickness of the silicon/silica Bragg reflector was achieved without compromising performance.
On the efficient computation of the quadrupole light deflection

Although the formulas for the light deflection due to the quadrupole gravitational field of deflecting bodies are well known, the formulas are rather complicated, so that massive computations of quadrupole light deflection (e.g. in the framework of astrometric survey missions like Gaia) are time-consuming. Considering an observer situated within a few million kilometers from the Earth (clearly the most practical case), we derive the simplest possible form of the relevant formulas still having a numerical accuracy of 1 μas. This form leads to simple upper estimates for the quadrupole light deflection in various cases allowing one to relate the magnitude of the actual quadrupole deflection with the corresponding monopole deflection due to the same body. These upper estimates can be used to decide if, for a given configuration, the actual quadrupole deflection should be computed for a given accuracy goal.
Mercury Exposure and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Methods Scopus and PubMed databases were systematically searched from their inception to November 2021 to obtain pertinent studies. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the difference in Hg levels between people with and without T2DM. The association of the Hg exposure with T2DM was assessed using a random-effects model by pooling the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Results A total of 17 studies, with 42,917 participants, aged ≥18 years, were analyzed. Overall, Hg levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients compared with non-T2DM controls (SMD = 1.07; 95%CI = 0.59 to 1.55, P ≤ 0.001), with significant heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 96.1%; P=≤0.001). No significant association was found between Hg exposure and risk of T2DM in the overall analysis and subgroup analysis based on the source of sample and study design. However, higher exposure to Hg was related to reduced risk of T2DM in men (OR = 0.71; 95%CI = 0.57 to 0.88), but not in women. No significant evidence for publication bias was detected. Conclusions Although the Hg level in T2DM is significantly higher than that of nondiabetics, there was no association between Hg exposure and the overall risk of T2DM. Nevertheless, our study shows that higher exposure to Hg might reduce the risk of T2DM in men.
The generalized BLM approach to fix scale- dependence in QCD: the current status of investigations

I present a brief review of the generalized Brodsky-Lepage-McKenzie (BLM) approaches to fix the scale-dependence of the renormalization group (RG) invariant quantities in QCD. At first, these approaches are based on the expansions of the coefficients of the perturbative series for the RG-invariant quantities in the products of the coefficients βi of the QCD β-function, which are evaluated in the MS-like schemes. As a next step all βi-dependent terms are absorbed into the BLM-type scale(s) of the powers of the QCD couplings. The difference between two existing formulations of the above mentioned generalizations based on the seBLM approach and the Principle of Maximal Conformality (PMC) are clarified in the case of the Bjorken polarized deep-inelastic scattering sum rule. Using the conformal symmetry-based relations for the non-singlet coefficient functions of the Adler D-function and of Bjorken polarized deep-inelastic scattering sum rules CBjpNS (as) the βi-dependent structure of the NNLO approximation for CBjpNS (as) is predicted in QCD with ngl-multiplet of gluino degrees of freedom, which appear in SUSY extension of QCD. The importance of performing the analytical calculation of the N3LO additional contributions of ngl gluino multiplet to CBjpNS (as) for checking the presented in the report NNLO prediction and for the studies of the possibility to determine the discussed {β}-expansion pattern of this sum rule at the O(a4s)-level is emphasised.
A Cysteine Residue within the Kinase Domain of Zap70 Regulates Lck Activity and Proximal TCR Signaling

Alterations in both the expression and function of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Zap70 are associated with numerous human diseases including immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and leukemia. Zap70 propagates the TCR signal by phosphorylating two important adaptor molecules, LAT and SLP76, which orchestrate the assembly of the signaling complex, leading to the activation of PLCγ1 and further downstream pathways. These events are crucial to drive T-cell development and T-cell activation. Recently, it has been proposed that C564, located in the kinase domain of Zap70, is palmitoylated. A non-palmitoylable C564R Zap70 mutant, which has been reported in a patient suffering from immunodeficiency, is incapable of propagating TCR signaling and activating T cells. The lack of palmitoylation was suggested as the cause of this human disease. Here, we confirm that Zap70C564R is signaling defective, but surprisingly, the defective Zap70 function does not appear to be due to a loss in palmitoylation. We engineered a C564A mutant of Zap70 which, similarly to Zap70C564R, is non-palmitoylatable. However, this mutant was capable of propagating TCR signaling. Moreover, Zap70C564A enhanced the activity of Lck and increased its proximity to the TCR. Accordingly, Zap70-deficient P116 T cells expressing Zap70C564A displayed the hyperphosphorylation of TCR-ζ and Zap70 (Y319), two well-known Lck substrates. Collectively, these data indicate that C564 is important for the regulation of Lck activity and proximal TCR signaling, but not for the palmitoylation of Zap70.
Theta Band-Power Shapes Amyloid-Driven Longitudinal EEG Changes in Elderly Subjective Memory Complainers At-Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) includes progressive symptoms spread along a continuum of preclinical and clinical stages. Although numerous studies uncovered the neuro-cognitive changes of AD, very little is known on the natural history of brain lesions and modifications of brain networks in elderly cognitively-healthy memory complainers at risk of AD for carrying pathophysiological biomarkers (amyloidopathy and tauopathy). Objective: We analyzed resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) of 318 cognitively-healthy subjective memory complainers from the INSIGHT-preAD cohort at the time of their first visit (M0) and two-years later (M24). Methods: Using 18F-florbetapir PET-scanner, subjects were stratified between amyloid negative (A–; n = 230) and positive (A+; n = 88) groups. Differences between A+ and A– were estimated at source-level in each band-power of the EEG spectrum. Results: At M0, we found an increase of theta power in the mid-frontal cortex in A+ compared to A–. No significant association was found between mid-frontal theta and the individuals’ cognitive performance. At M24, theta power increased in A+ relative to A– individuals in the posterior cingulate cortex and the pre-cuneus. Alpha band revealed a peculiar decremental trend in posterior brain regions in the A+ relative to the A– group only at M24. Theta power increase over the mid-frontal and mid-posterior cortices suggests an hypoactivation of the default-mode network in the A+ individuals and a non-linear longitudinal progression at M24. Conclusion: We provide the first source-level longitudinal evidence on the impact of brain amyloidosis on the EEG dynamics of a large-scale, monocentric cohort of elderly individuals at-risk for AD.
Does vaccination help to reduce financial stress on tourism subsectors?

Although there is rapid vaccination progress in the US and improvement in broad service activity upon reopening, no meaningful recovery has been achieved in tourism-related sectors until now. Therefore, we take a deep dive into tourism-related sectors and investigate how the effect of COVID-19 vaccination progress differentiates on the financial distress of tourism subsectors. Using a time-varying parameter VAR model, we quantify the financial distress in each tourism subsector and relate these measures with a daily number of newly vaccinated people. Our empirical findings indicate that specific tourism subsectors respond more to vaccination progress, and accordingly, financial stress has started to decline in these sectors. However, the effects of vaccination on airlines and hotel sectors are insignificant, implying that the recovery process will take longer in these subsectors.
64-Element 16–52-GHz Transmit and Receive Phased Arrays for Multiband 5G-NR FR2 Operation

This article presents 16–52-GHz multiband transmit and receive phased arrays designed to support multistandard 5G communications. The 64-element arrays are built using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$16\,\times \, 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> linear arrays, and each has four <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\,\times \, 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> beamformer chips on a six-layer printed circuit board (PCB) with a Wilkinson combiner/divider network and tapered slot antennas. The wideband beamformer chips are designed in a SiGe BiCMOS process and use the RF beamforming architecture. The arrays have ±60° scanning capability in the azimuth plane and ±30° in the elevation plane with low sidelobes. The 64-element Tx array achieves an effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 50–51.7 and 47.6–49 dBm at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{\mathrm{ sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{1\,{\mathrm{ dB}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively, at 24.5–48 GHz. The 5G-NR-compliant waveforms with 400 MHz and up to 256-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) are transmitted with <2.98% EVMrms and 34–36 dBm average EIRP. Single-carrier (SC) 400-MHz 64-QAM waveforms are also transmitted achieving <3% EVMrms with 39–40.3 dBm average EIRP and 2.4 Gb/s data rate. The 64-element Rx array achieves a system NF of 5.3–6.9 dB and a measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$G/T$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of −19.3 to −14.4 dB (with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T} _{\mathrm{ ant}} = 295$ </tex-math></inline-formula> K) at 20–50 GHz, and < 2.6% error vector magnitude (EVM) performance when tested with 400-MHz 256-QAM 5G-NR-complaint packets. To the author’s knowledge, this work achieves the highest bandwidth Tx and Rx phased array systems suitable for multiband 5G operation.
METODE GENERALIZED LEAST SQUARE (GLS)

Penulisan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan cara mendeteksi adanya autoko nya sama dengan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS) t UNTUK MENGATASI KASUS AUTOKORELASI DATA RUNTUN WAKTU 04305141030 RAK rekasi pada data runtun waktu khususnya data kuartalan, menjelaskan cara mengatasi autokorelasi dengan metode Generalized Least Square (GLS) dan contoh penerapan metode GLS. Metode GLS pada prinsip tetapi memperhitungkan juga adanya galat yang berautokorelasi. Pada data runtun waktu (time series) adanya autokorelasi sulit dihindari karena observasi diurutkan secara kronologis sehingga hasil pada periode waktu sebelumnya akan mempengaruhi hasil pada periode waktu selanjutnya. Autokorelasi dapat dideteksi dengan metode grafik dan metode pengujian statistik uji Wallis. Data-data observasi ()Y,X ditransformasi menjadi t()**ttY,X dengan memperhitungkan galat yangikan berkorelasi mengikuti proses AR(4); tttμρee+=−4 relasi; 1<ρ dan tyang memenuhi semua asumsi OLS dengan ()0=tμ()2σμ=Var, dan tidak ada autokorelasi μ()0=jiEμμ untuk i≠j. Seta-ansformasi didapatkan, maka dilakukan perhitungan biasa seperti estimasi dengan metode OLS. arga berlaku menurut penggunaan pada tahun 2001 kuartal kedua sampai tahun 2009 kuartal pertama adalah *2*1,10401,704-48917,777XXY++=∗, dengan *1X merupakan data transforma merupakan data transformasi pembentukan modal tetap. Hasil penerapan ju memberikan nilai variansi sebesar si konsumsi rumah tangga dan *2Xga()1βV=0,095 dan ()2βV=0,125 yang ternyata lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan variansi 1β dan a diestimasi dengan menggunakan metode OLS. Terbukti bahwa metodeLS tetap menghasilkan estimator yang bersifat Best Linier Unbiased Estimator (BLUE) walaupun data mengandung autokorelasi. 2β jik G vii
Trajectory Tracking of an Electro-Hydraulic Servo System With an New Friction Model-Based Compensation

Nonlinear friction is the main factor affecting the dynamic and static performances of robotic excavator electrohydraulic servo systems. The traditional LuGre friction model is only related to the velocity. However, the friction characteristics of the electrohydraulic servo system are also related to the position and direction. An improved LuGre is proposed to describe the friction characteristics between position, velocity and direction, and the instability problem is also solved by stopping the observation of the internal state z. Then, inertia weight, asynchronous change method and elite mutation operation are added into the basic particle swarm optimization algorithm to identify the friction model parameters accurately. Moreover, a friction compensator (FC) based on the LuGre model is designed. Three controllers are implemented with different trajectory experiments on a 23 ton excavator. Experimental results demonstrated that the FC based on the improved LuGre can improve the comprehensive performance of the electrohydraulic servo system.
On the Dilaton Stabilization by Matter

This book presents some aspects of the cosmological scientific odyssey that started last century. The chapters vary with different particular works, giving a versatile picture. It is the result of the work of many scientists in the field of cosmology, in accordance with their expertise and particular interests. Is a collection of different research papers produced by important scientists in the field of cosmology. A sample of the great deal of efforts made by the scientific community, trying to understand our universe. And it has many challenging subjects, like the possible doomsday to be confirmed by the next decade of experimentation. May be we are now half way in the life of the universe. Many more challenging subjects are not present here: they will be the result of further future work. Among them, we have the possibility of cyclic universes, and the evidence for the existence of a previous universe.
Strong and Lightweight Stereolithographically 3D-Printed Polymer Nanocomposites with Low Friction and High Toughness

Strong and lightweight polymer nanocomposites with low friction, high toughness, and complex shapes were obtained for the first time through an affordable stereolithographic 3D printer, using low amounts of TiO2 nanoparticles. Tridimensional solid structures (i.e., tensile bars, compressive test specimens, gyroid-type structures, and dense lattices) were obtained. Herein, we found that the compressive stress, compressive strain, yield strength, and toughness corresponding to 3D-printed polymer nanocomposites were simultaneously increased—which is uncommon—using low amounts (0.4 wt.%) of TiO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, we obtained lightweight cylindrical structures exhibiting high resistance to compression with a low friction coefficient (µ~0.2), and the printability of complex and hollow structures was demonstrated.
Reviewing Power Politics and Populism in IK’s Pakistan: A Personal History

This paper aims to explore the structural ways employed by a Pakistani politician to convince the readers of his socio-political stance on Pakistan from its independence to the present age. For this purpose, the generic analysis (Martin, 2008) has been employed which in turn explains how a narrator is successful in the construction of an argument and realigning the reader with his own point of view. The broader methodology includes how the narrator inter personally interacts with the readership, ideationally shares references and textually builds his arguments in the text. The microscopic construal of those meta functions has been supported by Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday and Matthiessen, 2014), whereas, the genre has a particular configuration of those listed meta functions. Therefore,the data for the present study builds on the selected texts from 'Imran Khan Pakistan: A personal history by Imran Khan. The findings show that by standing on power, the narrator aligns the readers through negotiation and constructs his argument by giving references towards the history and his own experiences.
MEASURING CUSTOMER TRUST THROUGH DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF BANKING AS A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

The financial and banking industry has implemented digitalization as a marketing weapon and realized industry 4.0. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the implementation of banking digitalization in the expansion areas. The population of this research is the customers registered at Bank Sinar Mas Rantauprapat in 2021 as many as 1445 people. Research using multivariate data should use the number of samples in the survey as many as 200 samples with purposive sampling technique. Smart PLS data analysis through the stages of convergent validity, discriminant, composite reliability, Cronbach's alpha and R-square. The results show that customer trust is very important in the business practice of the financial or banking industry, this is because customer trust is the most effective weapon in the banking service industry based on digital transformation as banking services will be able to increase customer satisfaction and even loyalty and attract new customers. Digital transformation in the banking world is an important phenomenon as access to the realization of customer-company interactions through information and communication technology, making it easier for companies to win the competition and become a competitive advantage for banking.
Azimuthal Instabilities of an Annular Combustor with Different Swirling Injectors

Experiments are carried out on a laboratory-scale annular combustor with liquid heptane to examine the effects of swirlers on azimuthal instabilities. Five types of swirlers varying in swirl numbers and pressure drops are considered. These swirlers can be broadly categorized into two groups, lower-swirl, and higher-swirl groups, based on their swirl numbers. Results reveal that none of the swirlers in the lower-swirl category exhibit instability in the operating region considered, whereas the higher-swirl units feature strong azimuthal instabilities. Among the higher-swirl group, a higher pressure drop swirler is associated with a broader instability map. This shows that the transition to instability mainly depends on the swirl number through its effect on flame structure and pressure drop adds to further variations. An attempt is made to interpret the occurrence of instabilities by making use of flame describing functions (FDFs) measured in a single-injector combustor. The observed instability behavior is tentatively interpreted using an instability analysis in which the injector and upstream plenum are represented by an impedance that shifts the instability band. The unstable behavior is then linked to the relative position of the FDF phase with respect to the instability band in the expected azimuthal mode frequency range. The phase and gain of the FDF notably depend on the swirl number, and it is possible to distinguish, for the present configuration, a category of low swirl number injectors inducing stable operation and another category of high swirl number units leading to oscillations.