Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Vertical Handoff Decision Algorithm Based on the Movement-Aware of Mobile Nodes

Currently, researchers introduce the dwell timer to reduce the ping-pang effect when they study the handover between heterogeneous networks. Simulations show that this kind of algorithms have a good effect in the case of that the terminal is in the coverage area of multiple access networks and does not leave away from the interactive network. However, if the terminal leaves away from the original network and needs to re-select a new network, the latency of those algorithms may lead to drop calls. Besides, when the terminal moves through the edge of the networks in a high speed, if the terminal select the WLAN access point it may result in frequent handovers because of its relative small coverage area. In this paper we propose a strategy based on movement-aware addressing the above problems. Our simulation results show that the strategy can make the terminal handover to the optimal network according to the users' preference timely and effectively and reduce the unnecessary handovers.
1,5-Dimethyl-4-{[(3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-ylidene)(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]amino}-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one

In the title compound, C26H23N5O2S, an intramolecular N—H⋯O interaction generates an S(6) ring. The essentially planar S(6) and pyrazole rings [maximum deviations = −0.0270 (14) and 0.0195 (15) Å, respectively] are nearly coplanar, making a dihedral angle of 3.94 (6)°. The S(6) ring makes dihedral angles of 23.79 (6), 78.53 (6) and 67.91 (6)° with the pyrazolone ring, the pyrazole ring and the benzene ring of antipyrine, respectively. The structure exhibits a thienyl-ring flip disorder with occupancy factors in the ratio 0.82:0.18.
Cake (computers and kids' ergonomics): the musculoskeletal impact of computer and electronic game use on children and adolescents

Computer and electronic game use were proposed as contributors to neck or upper extremity (NUE) symptoms of pain or discomfort occurring in adolescents. A cross-sectional survey distributed in general education classrooms in a northeastern US city produced 476 analyzable surveys, representing 75% of solicited subjects and 10% of the entire school population age 12-18. Subjects reported frequency, average daily duration and typical longest period of computers at school, computers at home, TV-based games, and hand-held games, as well as symptoms occurring in the past month and symptoms frequency and intensity ratings. In unconditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for gender, age and race, frequent home computer users (daily or almost daily) were at increased odds of reporting NUE symptoms compared to less frequent users (OR=1.7, p=0.008). Those who used the computer at home for longer without a break also had higher odds of NUE symptoms, but those reporting higher average daily use time did not. School computer use and electronic game use were not associated with increased NUE symptoms. The effect of daily home computer use on NUE symptoms was seen primarily in high school students. However, age itself did not predict NUE symptoms. Age, race and gender did not affect the relationship between computer use and symptoms. However, girls were more likely to report NUE symptoms than boys (OR=1.9, p=0.005). Being overweight and wearing glasses or contact lenses were also associated with symptoms. As computer use patterns and weight are modifiable characteristics, they suggest targets for reducing the negative effect of computer use in this population. Additional research and interventions involving the roles of physical activity, equipment design, psychosocial demands and physical development are recommended.
1-Methyl-3-(2-methylphenyl)-3a-nitro-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydrochromeno[4,3-b]pyrrole

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H20N2O3, contains two independent molecules in both of which the pyrrolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation, but with a C atom as the flap in one molecule and the N atom in the other. The pyran ring adopts a half-chair conformation in both molecules. In the crystal, molecules are linked via C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π interactions.
2-(Adamantan-1-yl)-5-methyl­benzo­[d][1,3]­oxazin-4-one

At 150 K, the benzo­[d][1,3]­oxazin-4-one heterocycle in the title compound, C19H21NO2, lies on a crystallographic mirror plane. This group is planar despite the resulting unfavourable steric interaction between the proximal 5-methyl and 4-carbonyl groups.
2-Chloro-N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)acetamide

The conformation of the C=O bond in the structure of the title compound, C10H12ClNO, is anti to the N—H bond and to the methylene H atoms in the side chain in both the independent molecules comprising the asymmetric unit. However, the conformation of the N—H bond is syn to the meta-methyl substituent in the aromatic ring of one of the molecules and anti in the other molecule. The two independent molecules are linked through intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding into chains parallel to the b axis.
(3Z,3′Z)-3,3′-(3,5-Dimethylfuran-2,4-diyl)bis(4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one)

In the title molecule, C16H20O5, the two 4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one units are essentially planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.0183 (2) and 0.0134 (2) Å for the non-H atoms, and make dihedral angles of 81.20 (10) and 84.44 (10)° with the central furan ring. The dihedral angle between these two side units is 22.06 (9)°. Two intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate two S(6) ring motifs. A weak intermolecular C—H⋯O interaction is also observed.
Poly[di-μ3-acetato-μ8-(naphthalene-1,5-disulfonato)-dilead(II)]

In the polymeric title complex, [Pb2(CH3CO2)2(C10H6O6S2)]n, the acetate anion functions in a chelating mode and both O atoms also coordinate to adjacent PbII atoms. The naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate dianion, which lies on a center of inversion, is connected to four PbII atoms. The bridging modes of the monoanion and dianion give rise to a three-dimensional coordination polymer. The PbII atom is eight-coordinate in the form of an undefined coordination polyhedron.
(E)-2-[(Furan-2-yl)methylidene]-7-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazol-1-one

In the title molecule, C18H15NO2, the atoms in the carbazole unit deviate from planarity [maximum deviation from mean plane = 0.1317 (12) Å]. The pyrrole ring makes dihedral angles of 1.01 (8) and 18.56 (10)° with the benzene and furan rings, respectively. The cyclohexene ring adopts a half-chair conformation. In the crystal, pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form an R 2 2(10) ring. Molecules are further linked by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.
Thieno[3,4-d][1,3]dithiole-2-thione

In the title compound, C5H2S4, the terminal monocyclic S atom deviates by 0.117 (1) Å from the mean plane of the other non-H atoms (r.m.s. deviation = 0.001 Å). All six C—S bonds and the central C—C bond in the rings are characterized by π-conjugated lengths, endowing the molecule with high π-conjugation. In the crystal, the molecules are parallel packed, forming columnar stacks along the a axis. Short intermolecular S⋯S contacts [3.397 (1) and 3.486 (1) Å], are observed.
4‐(2‐Benzoyl‐5‐methoxyphenoxy)benzene‐1,2‐dicarbonitrile

The title compound, C22H14N2O3, contains three benzene rings, pairs of which form dihedral angles of 55.37 (5), 68.47 (4) and 82.82 (4)°. The average C—O—C angle is 119.0 (1)°.
(9R,10R,10aR)-9-(2-Bromophenyl)-10-nitro-6-phenyl-10,10a-dihydro-9H-benzo[c]chromene-8-carbaldehyde

The title compound, C26H18BrNO4, features a functionalized chromene. The cyclohexene ring adopts a sofa conformation and has the nitro group and the bromophenyl ring in an axial position. The ten atoms of the chromene moiety lie close to a common plane (r.m.s. deviation = 0.066 Å). The attached phenyl ring is twisted by 32.89 (10)° from the chromene plane. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O interactions.
5-(2-Methylphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C9H9N3S, contains two crystallographically independent molecules, in which the thiadiazole and tolyl rings are oriented at dihedral angles of 32.25 (3) and 74.50 (3)°. An intramolecular C—H⋯S interaction results in the formation of a five-membered ring. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the molecules into chains along the a axis. A π–π contact between the thiadiazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.910 (3) Å] may further stabilize the structure. There is also a weak C—H⋯π interaction.
2,4-Bis(morpholin-4-yl)-6-phenoxy-1,3,5-triazine

In the title compound, C17H21N5O3, the dihedral angle between the triazine and the phenyl ring is 80.31 (11)°. One of the morpholine rings is disordered over two orientations with site occupancies of 0.762 (10) and 0.238 (10). Both morpholine rings in the molecule adopt chair conformations.
4-{[(E)-(3,5-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylidene]amino}-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one

The title Schiff base compound, C23H23N5O, was synthesized by the reaction of 4-aminophenazone and 3,5-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazole-4-carbaxaldehyde. The molecule adopts an E configuration about the central C=N double bond. A weak intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif. The dihedral angle between the pyrazole rings is 24.72 (10)° and the dihedral angles between the pyrazole rings and the adjacent phenyl rings are 58.67 (10) and 46.58 (11)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak C—H⋯π interactions involving the pyrazolone and phenyl rings.
(E)-4-{[(Morpholin-4-yl)imino]methyl}benzonitrile

In the title compound, C12H13N3O, the morpholine ring adopts a chair conformation and its mean plane is inclined to that of the benzene ring by 16.78 (12)°. The N—N=C—C bridge, which has an E conformation, has a torsion angle of 173.80 (19)°. In the crystal, molecules stack along the a axis but there are no significant intermolecular interactions present.
(RS)-3-Acetyl-2-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinolin-5-one

In the title compound, C18H18N2O4, the nitro group, a methyl group, the acetyl group and some atoms of the dihydroquinolinone group are disordered over two sites with the ratio of occupancies fixed at 0.57:0.43. The relationship between the major and minor components of disorder is that of diastereomers. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯O, weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π interactions link the molecules into two-dimensional layers running parallel to the (010) plane.
(6Z)-3,5-Bis(4-fluorophenyl)-6-(1-hydroxyethylidene)cyclohex-2-en-1-one

In the title compound, C20H16F2O2, the cyclohex-2-en-1-one ring adopts a distorted envelope conformation and the dihedral angles between its six-atom mean plane and the fluorophenyl rings are 38.9(8) and 82.3(1)°. The two fluorophenyl rings are oriented at an angle of 77.3 (3)°. The long hydroxy O—H bond length of 1.22 (3) and the H⋯O distance of 1.28 (3) Å, together with a longer than expected C=O bond length [1.290 (2) Å] in the hydroxy(en-1-one) group, indicate sharing of the H atom as O⋯H⋯O between the two O atoms and the influence of electron delocalization. Weak C—H⋯O intermolecular interactions form an infinite two-dimensional network in (011).
5,8-Bis(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)-2,11-dithia[3.3]paracyclophane

In the crystal structure of the title compound [systematic name: 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-(3,10-dithiatricyclo[10.2.2.25,8]octadeca-1(14),5,7,12,15,17-hexaen-6,17-diyl)dibut-3-yn-2-ol], C26H28O2S2, molecules are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a tubular chain which runs parallel to the b axis. The tubular structure is reinforced by π–π stacking interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6332(16Å].
Poly[μ-aqua-diaquabis[μ-2-cyano-2-(oxidoimino)acetato]copper(II)dipotassium]

In the title compound, [CuK2(C3N2O3)2(H2O)3]n, the Cu2+ atom is in a distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry. Two N atoms belonging to the oxime groups and two O atoms belonging to the carboxylate groups of two trans-disposed doubly deprotonated residues of 2-cyano-2-(hydroxyimino)acetic acid make up the basal plane and the apical position is occupied by the water molecule. The neighboring Cu-containing moieties are linked into a three-dimensional framework by K—O and K—N contacts formed by two potassium cations with the carboxylate and the oxime O atoms and the nitrile N atoms of the ligand. The environments of the K+ cations are complemented to octa- and nonacoordinated, by K—O contacts with H2O molecules. The crystal structure features O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
5,7-Dihydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxyflavone

In the title compound, C17H14O6, the benzopyran ring system is essentially planar and forms a dihedral angle of 6.84 (4)° with the other benzene ring. In the crystal structure, centrosymmetrically related molecules are linked into dimers by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is controlled by C—H⋯π and π–π stacking interactions involving the benzopyran and benzene rings, with centroid–centroid distances between 3.645 (2) and 3.986 (2) Å.
Sport specific adaptation in resting length of pectoralis minor in professional male golfers

Objective: In professional male golfers the shoulder is the third most commonly injured area with the lead/non-dominant shoulder three times more likely to be injured than the trail/dominant shoulder. Resting length of pectoralis minor musculature influences scapular and glenohumeral orientation which when suboptimal is associated with shoulder injuries. This study investigates the resting pectoralis minor muscle length in professional male golfers. Method: Forty five male golfers on European Challenge Tour and thirty six control volunteers met the inclusion criteria for the study. Resting pectoralis minor length was measured in the supine position with the Palmmeter device. Results: Within groups: controls exhibited a significantly longer pectoralis minor muscle on the non-dominant side (p=0.01), and golfers had a significantly longer pectoralis minor muscle on the trail/dominant side (p=0.01). Between groups: controls exhibited a significantly longer pectoralis minor length on the non-dominant/ lead side when compared to golfers (p=0.01). Conclusion: When compared to age-matched controls professional male golfers have a unique pattern of resting pectorals minor muscle length, with longer pectoralis minor length noted in the trail/ dominant shoulder. Comparison of the lead/non-dominant shoulder with controls highlights that golfers have a shorter pectoralis minor length which in turn affects scapular and glenohumeral orientation. This may place the golfer at greater risk of shoulder injury in the lead side.
4,4′-Dimethoxy-2,2′-[1,1′-(propane-1,3-diyldinitrilo)diethylidyne]diphenol

In the crystal structure, the title Schiff base compound, C21H26N2O4, has twofold rotation symmetry. The imino group is coplanar with the aromatic ring. An intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond forms a six- membered ring, producing an S(6) ring motif. The two benzene rings are almost perpendicular to each other, making a dihedral angle of 85.00 (2)°. The methoxy group is approximately coplanar with the benzene ring, with a C—O—C—C torsion angle of 2.34 (12)°. Neighbouring molecules are linked together by weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and a C—H⋯π interaction, forming a sheet parallel to the ab plane. The molecules also adopt a zigzag arrangement along the c axis.
THE CHALLENGES FACED BY SCIENCE TEACHERS WHEN TEACHING OUTSIDE THEIR SPECIFIC SCIENCE SPECIALISM

Several research studies have been conducted with novice and experienced teachers when teaching within and outside their subject specialism. This paper aims to review a number of these studies and highlights key points concerning the teaching of different science subjects at secondary level and teachers' level of self-confidence. Teachers face considerable challenges when teaching outside their area of expertise. These challenges are mainly due to limited subject matter knowledge (SMK) in a particular science area. This will also influence the development of the teachers' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) which is crucial in lesson preparation and in the way science teaching is conducted. Teachers have also developed a number of strategies to deal with such challenges.
{2,2′-[4-Chloro-5-methyl-o-phenylenebis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenolato}nickel(II)

In the title complex, [Ni(C21H15ClN2O2)], the NiII ion is coordinated by two N and two O atoms from the tetradentate Schiff base ligand in a distorted square geometry. The crystal packing exhibits short intermolecular Ni⋯Ni distances of 3.273 (3) Å.
6-Methoxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one

The whole molecule of the title coumarin derivative, C11H10O3, is approximately planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.116 (3) Å from the least-squares plane defined by all non-H atoms. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked into chains along [011] via intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Shape-from-Template

We study a problem that we call Shape-from-Template, which is the problem of reconstructing the shape of a deformable surface from a single image and a 3D template. Current methods in the literature address the case of isometric deformations, and relax the isometry constraint to the convex inextensibility constraint, solved using the so-called maximum depth heuristic. We call these methods zeroth-order since they use image point locations (the zeroth-order differential structure) to solve the shape inference problem from a perspective image. We propose a novel class of methods that we call first-order. The key idea is to use both image point locations and their first-order differential structure. The latter can be easily extracted from a warp between the template and the input image. We give a unified problem formulation as a system of PDEs for isometric and conformal surfaces that we solve analytically. This has important consequences. First, it gives the first analytical algorithms to solve this type of reconstruction problems. Second, it gives the first algorithms to solve for the exact constraints. Third, it allows us to study the well-posedness of this type of reconstruction: we establish that isometric surfaces can be reconstructed unambiguously and that conformal surfaces can be reconstructed up to a few discrete ambiguities and a global scale. In the latter case, the candidate solution surfaces are obtained analytically. Experimental results on simulated and real data show that our isometric methods generally perform as well as or outperform state of the art approaches in terms of reconstruction accuracy, while our conformal methods largely outperform all isometric methods for extensible deformations.
9-Ethynyl-9H-carbazole

The title compound, C14H9N, is the second crystallographically characterized example of an ynamine with an H atom in the C-terminal position. There are two independent molecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. The structures of both molecules are essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0312 and 0.0152 Å). The N—Csp bond lengths are 1.353 (4) and 1.350 (4) Å, and those of the acetylene bonds are 1.189 (4) and 1.190 (4) Å. The Csp—H bond lengths are 0.95 (5) and 0.97 (4) Å. These geometries are consistent with those of the previously reported ynamine characterized by crystallography. In the crystal, the molecules stack along the c axis, forming two kinds of columnar structures. The acetylene C atoms of molecule A have a short contact [3.341 (4) Å and 3.396 (4) Å] with an adjacent molecule A at the C—C bond of the fused part, which originates in π–π stacking interaction; no remarkable spatial contact is recognized within the stacking of molecule B.
(2E)-1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the title compound, C15H10ClNO3, a substituted chalcone, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 5.1 (7)°. The nitro group makes a dihedral angle of 12.5 (3)° with the benzene ring to which it is attached. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯O interactions link the molecules into a one-dimensional array along [010]. The crystal studied was an inversion twin, with a refined ratio for the twin components of 0.6060 (9):0.3939 (1).
Di-μ-iodido-bis[(biphenyl-2-yl)(triphenylphosphane-κP)palladium(II)]

In the title compound, [Pd2(C12H9)2I2(C18H15P)2], the dimeric complex molecule lies about an inversion center. The Pd⋯I⋯Pd bridges are slightly asymmetric, with Pd—I distances of 2.6709 (6) and 2.7486 (7) Å. The metal atom has a slightly puckered square-planar CI2P environment, the largest deviation from the least-squares plane being 0.143 (8) Å.
4-{Phenyl[4-(6-phenyl-2,2′-bipyridin-4-yl)phenyl]amino}benzaldehyde

The title molecule, C35H25N3O, is a triphenylamine derivative with the 4-position substituted by an aldehyde group, and the 4′-position substituted by a 6-phenyl-2,2′-bipyridine group. The whole molecule is non-planar and the dihedral angle between the core benzene and pyridine rings is 36.96 (5)°. The dihedral angle between the phenyl and benzaldehyde groups bonded to the amine N atom is 70.86 (5)°.
2-Chloro-N-[3-cyano-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]acetamide

In the title compound, C12H7Cl3N4O, the dihedral angle between the pyrazole and benzene rings is 35.6 (3)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generating C(4) chains propagating in [100].
3β,6α-Diacetoxy-5,9α-dihydroxy-5α-cholest-7-en-11-one

The title compound, C31H48O7, a polyoxygenated steroid, was obtained by chemical oxidation of 7-dehydrocholesteryl acetate. The molecular geometry features trans A/B and C/D junctions at the steroid core with the acetyl groups in the equatorial position and a fully extended conformation for the alkyl side chain. A chair conformation is observed for rings A and C while ring B adopts a half-chair conformation. The five-membered ring D has an envelope conformation, with the C atom bearing the methyl group at the flap. The terminal isopropyl group and one acetyl group are disordered over two sets of sites with 0.774 (8):0.226 (8) and 0.843 (7):0.157 (7) ratios, respectively. An intramolecular S(6) O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding motif involving a hydroxy donor and acceptor is observed. In the crystal, chains of molecules running along the b axis are formed via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between hydroxy donors and carbonyl acceptors of the ordered acetyl group, giving rise to a C(14) motif. The chains are wrapped around the 21 screw axes.
[Cu2(HF2)(H2O)8][FeF6]·2H2O

The title compound, octaaqua(hydrogenfluorido)dicopper(II) hexafluoridoferrate(III) dihydrate, was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The Cu atom is coordinated by one F and five O atoms within a highly distorted octahedron, forming dimeric [Cu2(H2O)8HF2]3+ units by edge sharing. These units are hydrogen bonded to [FeF6]3− anions and to an interstitial water molecule. The former feature Fe3+ on a special position (). The dimeric copper units are linked to adjacent dimers by F—H⋯F hydrogen bonds. Additional O—H⋯O and O—H⋯F hydrogen bonds help to consolidate the crystal packing.
4,5-Diiodo-2-phenyl-1H-imidazole

The structure of the title compound, C9H6I2N2, contains two symmetry-independent molecules. The interplanar angles between the imidazole and phenyl ring planes are 16.35 (3) and 17.48 (6)°. Molecules are connected via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds to form zigzag chains along the b axis. The title compound is the first example of a structurally characterized 4,5-diiodoimidazole with an organic substituent in the 2-position and without protection on the N—H group of imidazole.
1,3,3-Trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-1-ol

In the title compound, C14H18N2O, the benzimidazole grouping is close to planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.042 Å; the six-membered non-aromatic ring adopts an envelope conformation. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked into infinite sheets lying parallel to the bc plane by O—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
2-[(3,4-Dichlorobenzylidene)amino]-4-methylphenol

In the title compound, C14H11Cl2NO, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 15.36 (8)°. A phenol–imine-type intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond generates an S(5) ring motif. In the crystal, a pair of weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form an R 2 1(7) ring motif involving glide-plane-related molecules. The molecules linked via these interactions form chains along [101].