Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HeidelbeRg UniveRsity Faculty of ModeRn Languages DepaRtment of Computational Linguistics

This work presents methods and results of an initial step towards full text extraction from a Republican Chinese newspaper. My basis is a small fraction of the image corpus for which text ground truth exists. I introduce a character segmentation method which produces over 90,000 labeled images of single characters. Then I pre-train a GoogLeNet classifier as an OCR model on character images extracted from font files and randomly augmented on the fly, whereafter I fine-tune it on the previously segmented character images. I show that the pre-training step is able to increase OCR accuracy from 95.49% to 96.95% on the test set and finally, how post-processing using a masked language model corrects up to 16% of remaining errors, increasing accuracy on the test set to 97.44%. Zusammenfassung (German Abstract) Diese Arbeit präsentiert Methoden und Ergebnisse eines ersten Schrittes zur Extraktion des Volltextes aus einer chinesischen Zeitung aus republikanischer Zeit. Als Basis fungiert ein kleiner Anteil des Bildkorpus, für den Textannotationen bestehen. Ich stelle eine Segmentierungsmethode vor, die reichlich 90,000 gelabelte Bilder einzelner Schriftzeichen produziert. Dann verwende ich ein GoogLeNet, um einen Klassifizierer auf künstlich aus Font-Dateien erzeugten und randomisiert augmentierten Schriftzeichenbildern vorzutrainieren, wonach Finetuning auf den echten Schriftzeichenbildern vorgenommen wird. Ich zeige, dass das Pre-Training die Korrektklassifikationsrate auf dem Testset von 95,49% auf 96,85% erhöht, und zuletzt, wie mittels eines maskierten Sprachmodells übrige Fehler korrigiert werden können, was einer weiteren Erhöhung der Korrektheit auf 97,44% und der Korrektur von reichlich 16% der OCR-Fehler entspricht.
University of Birmingham “Risky” Monetary Aggregates for the UK and US

We extend the scope of monetary aggregation beyond capital certain assets that make up central bank data sets and identify groups of assets that form monetary aggregates composed of both capital certain and risky, capital uncertain, assets. We construct monetary aggregates for the US and UK using a superlative index and relax a key assumption of the Consumption Capital Asset Pricing Model (CCAPM), a one year planning horizon, by using forecasted returns on risky assets. Our new risky monetary aggregates perform well in VAR tests. We recommended exploring risky assets as providers of liquidity services in future research on this topic.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF THE RESULTS OF PONSETI MANAGEMENT OF CLUB FOOT AFTER WALKING AGE: A STUDY IN SHAHEED ZIAUR RAHMAN MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL, BOGURA, BANGLADESH

Background: Clubfoot is the commonest congenital deformity in babies. More than 100,000 babies are born worldwide each year with congenital club foot. Around 80% of cases occur in developing nation. Objective: To assess the outcomes of congenital clubfoot by Ponseti technique after walking age. Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted in the outpatient department of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogura, Bangladesh from January 2018 to December 2019 for duration of two years. All congenital clubfoot patients, age more than 18 months (Walking age group) of both sexes were included in this study. A total number of 30 patients were enrolled in this study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Diagnosis of the congenital telipes equinovarus deformity was made by history and clinical examination. Treatment was given according to Ponseti technique and correction of deformity was determined by Dimeglio scoring system. Results: 30 patients with 41 clubfeet were treated and followed up for this study. Both rigid and non rigid varieties of club feet were treated irrespective of sex and side of involvement. Dimeglio scoring system was used to evaluate result. Among 30 patients 18(60%) were male and 12(40%) were female . The male patients (60%) were more than female (40%). The mean age in the study group was 23.63 ± 4.75 with a range of 19 – 34 months. Family history of clubfoot was present in only 4(13.3%) cases and absent in the rest 26(86.7%) cases. Involvement of right foot was in 14 (46.7%) cases followed by bilateral involvement 11 (36.7%) and left foot was in 5(16.7%) cases among 41 feet 32(78%) were rigid and 9(22%) were non rigid. Tenotomy needed in 36(87.8%) cases. Complication was present in 6(14.6%) cases. The mean Dimeglio scoring of deformities of Equinus was 3.22 ± 0.57 and 1.00 ± 0.63 before and after procedure respectively (p<0.001). The mean Dimeglio scoring of deformities of Varus was 3.60 ± 0.49 and 1.37 ± 0.54 before and after procedure respectively (p<0.001). The mean Dimeglio scoring of deformities of Supination was 3.15 ± 0.62 and 1.05 ± 0.68 before and after procedure respectively (p<0.001). The mean Dimeglio scoring of deformities of Adduction was 3.54 ± 0.55 and 0.90 ± 0.50 before and after procedure respectively (p<0.001). The mean Dimeglio scoring of the affected foot was 17.29 ± 1.87 and 4.32 ± 1.82 before and after procedure (p<0.001) respectively. Conclusion: This study permits to conclude that Ponseti technique for the treatment of club foot after walking age is safe and effective.
OPTH_A_236636 1249..1259

Rohit Varma Neil M Bressler Quan V Doan Ivan J Suñer 4 Mark Danese Chantal M Dolan 5 Abraham Lee Jason S Ehrlich Yamina Rajput 1Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 2Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; 3Outcomes Insights, Inc., Westlake Village, CA, USA; 4Retina Associates of Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; 5Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA Purpose: Estimate effects of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity in US Hispanic and non-Hispanic white persons with center-involved diabetic macular edema (DME) causing vision impairment for whom ranibizumab treatment would be considered. Patients and Methods: This model simulated DR severity outcomes over 2 years in the better-seeing eye using US census, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy, and Los Angeles Latino Eye Study data. Baseline DR severity estimated from Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network trial data. Changes in DR severity after 2 years, with/without monthly ranibizumab (0.3 or 0.5 mg), were estimated from Phase III clinical trial data (RIDE/RISE) using a 2-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation model. Number of patients over a 2-year period for whom 1) DR severity worsening was avoided, 2) DR severity improved, and 3) selected clinical events related to proliferative DR (PDR) occurred, was estimated. Results: An estimated 37,274 US Hispanic and non-Hispanic white persons were projected to have DR with center-involved DME and be eligible for ranibizumab treatment. The number of persons with moderately severe non-proliferative DR (NPDR) or less severe DR at baseline who would worsen to PDR and experience a PDR complication over 2 years would be reduced from 437 with no ranibizumab to 19 with ranibizumab (95% reduction; 95% simulation interval [SI], 79–100%). The number of persons with severe NPDR or less severe DR at baseline who would be expected to improve by ≥2 DR severity levels over 2 years would increase from 1706 with no ranibizumab to 13,042 with ranibizumab (682% increase; 95% SI, 478–967%). Conclusion: This model estimates that ranibizumab treatment in US Hispanic and nonHispanic white patients with center-involved DME causing vision impairment would potentially reduce the number of patients with worsening DR and potentially increase the number with DR improvements.
Inactivation of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Cdc28 Abrogates Cell Cycle Arrest Induced by DNA Damage and Disassembly of Mitotic Spindles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Eukaryotic cells may halt cell cycle progression following exposure to certain exogenous agents that damage cellular structures such as DNA or microtubules. This phenomenon has been attributed to functions of cellular control mechanisms termed checkpoints. Studies with the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammalian cells have led to the conclusion that cell cycle arrest in response to inhibition of DNA replication or DNA damage is a result of down-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Based on these studies, it has been proposed that inhibition of the CDK activity may constitute a general mechanism for checkpoint controls. Observations made with the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, however, appear to disagree with this model. It has been shown that high levels of mitotic CDK activity are present in the budding yeast cells arrested in G2/mitosis as the result of DNA damage or replication inhibition. In this report, we show that a novel mutant allele of the CDC28 gene, encoding the budding yeast CDK, allowed cell cycle passage through mitosis and nuclear division in the presence of DNA damage and the microtubule toxin nocodazole at a restrictive temperature. Unlike the checkpoint-defective mutations in CDKs of fission yeast and mammalian cells, the cdc28 mutation that we identified was recessive and resulted in a loss of the CDK activity, including the Clb2-, Clb5-, and Clb6-associated, but not the Clb3-associated, CDK activities. Examination of several known alleles of cdc28 revealed that they were also, albeit partially, defective in cell cycle arrest in response to UV-generated DNA damage. These findings suggest that Cdc28 kinase in budding yeast may be required for cell cycle arrest resulting from DNA damage and disassembly of mitotic spindles.
3161-3167-One stage posterior debridement joint bone fixation therapy for spinal TB with compression fracture

– OBJECTIVE: Spinal tuberculosis, though destructive, can be cured in many patients by chemotherapy, though surgery is often necessary for decompression and deformity correction. Our aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of posterior debridement joint graft fixation therapy for lumbar vertebral fractures in patients with spinal tuberculosis with a compression fracture. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We prospectively included 48 patients diagnosed with spinal tuberculosis and lumbar compression fracture in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2013. The patients were randomly divided into observation group (n = 27) and control group (n = 21). The patients in the control group underwent an anterior debridement joint bone fixation therapy, whereas, the patients in the observation group underwent one stage posterior debridement joint bone fixation therapy. The patients in the both groups were followed-up for about 2 years and the postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Incision length, operative time and blood loss in patients of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The kyphosis Cobb’s angle was found to be reduced in a time-dependent manner in both groups, however, patients in the observation group achieved a significant reduction than the control (p < 0.05). The ASIA grade of few patients in the observation group significantly (p < 0.05) improved to class E from D at the time of the end of follow-up. The patients under the class ‘excellent’ and ‘good’ of Kirkaldy-Willis criteria were significantly (p < 05) higher in the observation group (92.6%) than the control group (85.7%). Also, the patients in the Bridwell grade I and II in the observation group (88.9%) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in comparison with control group (81%). The prevalence of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the observation group (18.5%) when compared with the control group (28.6%). European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences Clinical efficacy of one stage posterior debridement joint graft fixation for lumbar vertebral fractures in spinal tuberculosis patients with compression W. -Y. YU, C. LOU, F. -J. LIU, D. -W. HE Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, P.R. China Corresponding Author: Dengwei He, MD; e-mail: dengweihe430@163.com 3161 CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that one-stage posterior debridement joint bone fixation therapy is an effective and safe procedure for patients with spinal tuberculosis and lumbar compression; this method is worthy of clinical application.
Impact of Human Settlements on Diversity of Range Vegetation

The rapidly increasing population of human beings in semi-arid areas is often considered as a major factor of land degradation. Only a few studies have examined the dynamics of human settlements on the composition, diversity, structure and palatability of range vegetation in Southern Punjab Pakistan. The current study aims to assess whether the distance from settlements had any effect on the range vegetation’s diversity and cover. In order to determine the impact of human settlements on the vegetation, the sampling area (Thal rangeland) was classified into three categories, i.e., Near (1–2 km from human communities), Away (2–4 km from human communities), and Far (4–6 km from human settlements). A total of 75 transects in all of the three sites were placed in the study sites. Along the transects, a quadrate of 1 m2 after every 10 m was randomly placed. The study site yielded floral diversity of a total of 29 species, representing 23 genera and belonging to 9 families. Results showed that the areas away from the human communities had higher species diversity (20), while the site near to human settlements depicted lower diversity (14). It was observed that, although the site near to communities had lower diversity, it depicted higher plant density, while the highest diversity along with the lowest plant density was observed in sites away from the communities. The study concluded that the diversity of range grasses, especially desirable species, was affected by distance to human settlements. These findings could be useful to detect flora changes, establish habitat protection priorities and improve efforts for conserving natural landscapes.
OPTH_A_254288 1503..1510

Shaymaa Hassan Salah Hebatalla Samir Makled Hany ElMekawey 1 Fatema T Elgengehy 2 Basma M Medhat Noha M Abdel Baki Dina Koptan 3 1Ophthalmology Department, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 2Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 3Clinical Pathology, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Purpose: To evaluate the choroidal thickness (CT) in the macular area in patients with lupus nephritis and to compare the results with both non-nephritic patients and normal control. To assess the relation of CT to serum microRNA146, disease duration, activity index, and medications. Patients and Methods: Thirty-five SLE patients and thirty normal healthy controls were enrolled for this cross-sectional prospective study. All participants have undergone optical coherence tomography using RTVue OCT (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, USA). The scan used was the macular cross 6-mm line. We measured CT from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to the choroid-sclera junction at subfovea, and 750 μm both temporal and nasal to the fovea. Results: The mean central subfoveal CT in patients was 275.7 ± 41.0 μm (214–374 μm), and the mean central subfoveal CT in the control group was 364.5± 23.0 μm (323–411μm). There was a significant thinning at all three points in patients compared to the control group (p<0.001, Mann–Whitney U-test). In the patients group, subfoveal choroid in non-nephritic subgroup showed significant thinning compared to nephritic subgroup (p=0.032, Mann– Whitney U-test). Drusen-like deposits (DLDs) were detected in 22.9% (8/35) of patients and none in control (p=.023). MiRNA146 showed a significant positive correlation with nephritic lupus patients (r=0.036, P=0.04). Conclusion: The choroidal thickness was significantly thicker among the nephritic lupus patients as compared to the non-nephritic subgroup. Both SLE patients’ subgroups are thinner than normal control. Subfoveal choroidal thickening can be considered a biomarker in nephritic lupus especially in conjunction with an increase in miRNA146a. All SLE patients are at risk of small Drusen-like deposits.
High Order Mismatch Shaping for Low Oversampling Rates

Delta Sigma data converters employing high order dynamic element matching (DEM) allow for accurate signal conversion in the presence of DAC mismatch. However, at low oversampling rates, current high order DEM decoders provide little or no improvement in error suppression over lower order designs. In addition, the logic requirement of the DEM decoder increases significantly with each additional DAC bit. This brief presents a high order DEM decoder that improves mismatch shaping performance at low to medium oversampling rates by up to 15 dB, while employing methods to reduce the area overhead of the vector quantizer in the design.
Customers’ Emotions and their Impact on Quality Development of Products

The contemporary society reflects with countless of non-functional, i.e. luxurious, products which, with their redundant property, have a wasteful or negative impact on customers‟ survival value and their living environment. Customers have a tendency to make biased judgments in the choice of the products they purchase, causing them to confuse many of such non-functional product features with the functional ones and constantly encourage their market production. This may reflect a variety of impacts on the market: decreasing the pace and course of development products‟ actual, functional quality while increasing the pace and course of development for products‟ non-functional, luxurious quality; constant increments of prices disproportionate to the product‟s actual quality; discard of functional investments; utilization of wasteful resources; etc. This study will suggest a link between products‟ pricequality disproportions in the development of new models and the customers‟ biased emotional purchasing-decisions before buying a product. With that, it will indicate how customer‟s emotions play a role in products‟ future industrial quality developments and how biased emotional perceptions contribute to non-functional or luxurious quality developments. Consequently, implications are also found for the psychological and economical causalities behind our ubiquitously polluted environments.
Synaptotagmin isoforms confer distinct activation kinetics and dynamics to chromaffin cell granules

and of distinct populations of core granules with activation kinetics. these populations at the molecular Functional segregation of granule pools may depend on selective sorting of synaptotagmin-1 (Syt-1) and synaptotagmin-7 (Syt-7), which are to the granule. Here we assess the consequences of selective sorting of Syt isoforms in chromaffin cells, particularly with respect to granule dynamics and activation kinetics. Upon depolarization of cells expressing fluorescent Syt isoforms using elevated K + , we find that Syt-7 granules fuse with faster kinetics than Syt-1 granules, irrespective of stimulation strength. Pharmacological blockade of Ca 2+ channels reveals differential dependence of Syt-1 versus Syt-7 granule exocytosis on Ca 2+ channel subtypes. Syt-7 granules also show a greater tendency to fuse in clusters than Syt-1 granules, and granules harboring Syt-1 travel a greater distance before fusion than those with Syt-7, suggesting that there is spatial and fusion-site heterogeneity among the two granule populations. However, the greatest functional difference between granule populations is their responsiveness to Ca 2+ . Upon introduction of Ca 2+ into permeabilized cells, Syt-7 granules fuse with fast kinetics and high efficacy, even at low Ca 2+ levels (e.g., when cells are weakly stimulated). Conversely, Syt-1 granules require a comparatively larger increase in intracellular Ca 2+ for activation. At Ca 2+ concentrations above 30 µM, activation kinetics are faster for Syt-1 granules than for Syt-7 granules. Our study provides evidence for functional specialization of chromaffin cell granules via selective expression of Syt isoforms with different Ca 2+ sensitivities.
Selective regulation of IP3 receptors by the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 versus Bcl-Xl

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Selective regulation of IP3 receptors by the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 versus Bcl-Xl Geert Bultynck, Giovanni Monaco, Elke Decrock, Haidar Akl, Raf Ponsaerts, Tim Vervliet, Tomas Luyten, Marc de Maeyer, Ludwig Missiaen, Clark W. Distelhorst, et al.
Aggregation of Polyglutamine-Expanded Ataxin-7 Specifically Sequesters Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 22 and Deteriorates Its Deubiquitinating Function in SAGA Complex *

Human ataxin-7 (Atx7) is a component of the deubiquitination module (DUBm) in SAGA complex for transcriptional regulation; while expansion of its polyglutamine (polyQ) tract leads to spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7). However, how polyQ expansion of Atx7 affects the DUBm function remains elusive. We investigated the effects of polyQ-expanded Atx7 on ubiquitin-specific protease (USP22), an interacting partner of Atx7 functioning in deubiquitination of histone H2B. The results showed that the inclusions or aggregates formed by polyQ-expanded Atx7 specifically sequester USP22 through their interactions mediated by the http://www.jbc. org/cgi/doi/10.1074/jbc.M114.631663 The latest version is at JBC Papers in Press. Published on July 20, 2015 as Manuscript M114.631663
György Gát Convergence and divergence properties of Cesàro means with varying parameters of Walsh-Fourier series

The Twentieth Debrecen–Katowice Winter Seminar on Functional Equations and Inequalities was held in Hotel Aurum, Hajdúszoboszló, Hungary, from January 29 to February 1, 2020. It was organized by the Department of Analysis of the Institute of Mathematics of the University of Debrecen. The 30 participants came from the University of Silesia (Poland), the University of Debrecen (Hungary), the University of Rzeszów (Poland), the Pedagogical University of Cracow (Poland), the University of Zielona Góra (Poland), The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (Poland) and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany), 10 from the first, 15 from the second and 1 from each of the other universities. Professor Zsolt Páles opened the Seminar and welcomed the participants to Hajdúszoboszló. In his address, he proposed to dedicate the Twentieth DKWS to the memory of Professor János Aczél who passed away on January 1, 2020. Professor Aczél was the founder of the Department of Analysis of the University of Debrecen and did a pioneering work on the theory of functional equations. The dedication was enthusiastically accepted by all the participants. The scientific talks presented at the Seminar focused on the following topics: equations in a single variable and in several variables, iterative equations,