Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cryoconservation du sperme de truite arc-en-ciel (Salmo gairdneri R.)

Une serie d'experiences a ete conduite pour la mise au point d'une technique de cryoconservation du sperme chez la truite arc-en-ciel. Le dilueur de congelation de Mounib (1978), additionne de 10 % de jaune d'œuf et de 10 % de DMSO, a ete retenu et les conditions d'utilisation qui autorisent la meilleure conservation du pouvoir fecondant sont les suivantes : congelation en pellets de 100 µl ou en paillettes de 250 µl) pour un abaissement de temperature de 10 a 40° C/minute, decongelation rapide en une dizaine de secondes. Cependant les spermatozoides subissent incontestablement des dommages durant le processus de congelation et leur nombre lors de l'insemination doit etre augmente pour egaler les pourcentages de fecondation obtenus avec le sperme frais ; neanmoins, les spermatozoides fecondants conduisent a un developpement embryonnaire et post-embryonnaire normal. Une baisse de l'aptitude a la congelation a ete constatee en fin de periode de spermiation ; celle-ci a ete reliee a des phenomenes de vieillissement du sperme et peut etre compensee par la mise en pool des spermes de plusieurs mâles. Nous avons constate d'autre part qu'apres decongelation les spermes les plus motiles sont les plus fecondants, condants.
LacZ‐reporter mapping of Dlx5/6 expression and genoarchitectural analysis of the postnatal mouse prethalamus

We present here a thorough and complete analysis of mouse P0‐P140 prethalamic histogenetic subdivisions and corresponding nuclear derivatives, in the context of local tract landmarks. The study used as fundamental material brains from a transgenic mouse line that expresses LacZ under the control of an intragenic enhancer of Dlx5 and Dlx6 (Dlx5/6‐LacZ). Subtle shadings of LacZ signal, jointly with pan‐DLX immunoreaction, and several other ancillary protein or RNA markers, including Calb2 and Nkx2.2 ISH (for the prethalamic eminence, and derivatives of the rostral zona limitans shell domain, respectively) were mapped across the prethalamus. The resulting model of the prethalamic region postulates tetrapartite rostrocaudal and dorsoventral subdivisions, as well as a tripartite radial stratification, each cell population showing a characteristic molecular profile. Some novel nuclei are proposed, and some instances of potential tangential cell migration were noted.
The prevalence and implications of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes encoding the RNA polymerase of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Central to the regulation of bacterial gene expression is the multisubunit enzyme RNA polymerase (RNAP), which is responsible for catalyzing transcription. As all adaptive processes are underpinned by changes in gene expression, the RNAP can be considered the major mediator of any adaptive response in the bacterial cell. In bacterial pathogens, theoretically, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that encode subunits of the RNAP and associated factors could mediate adaptation and confer a selective advantage to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. We investigated this possibility by undertaking a systematic survey of SNPs in genes encoding the RNAP and associated factors in a collection of 1,429 methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates. We present evidence for the existence of several, hitherto unreported, nonsynonymous SNPs in genes encoding the RNAP and associated factors of MRSA ST22 clinical isolates and propose that the acquisition of amino acid substitutions in the RNAP could represent an adaptive strategy that contributes to the pathogenic success of MRSA.
Effects of cottonseed meal on slaughter performance, meat quality, and meat chemical composition in Jiangnan White goslings

Cottonseed meal (CSM), which is an unconventional protein material with abundant sources, high protein content, and a relatively cheap price, can be used in poultry diets. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CSM on slaughter performance, meat quality and meat chemical composition in Jiangnan White goslings. A total of 300 healthy 28-day-old male goslings were randomly divided into 5 treatments, with 6 pens containing 10 geese each. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets were formulated such that 0% (a corn-soybean meal basal diet, control), 25% (CSM25), 50% (CSM50), 75% (CSM75), and 100% (CSM100) protein from soybean meal was replaced with CSM (corresponding to 0, 6.73, 13.46, 20.18, and 26.91% CSM in the feed, respectively). On day 70, 1 goose from each pen (6 geese per treatment) was randomly selected and killed to measure the slaughter performance, meat quality, and the meat amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) compositions. The results showed that dietary CSM did not affect the slaughter performance or meat quality of geese (P > 0.05). The fat content of breast muscle in the CSM100 group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). A concentration of 13.46% or more dietary CSM increased the threonine content but decreased the cysteine content, and 20.18% dietary CSM also decreased the valine content (P < 0.05). Dietary CSM concentration had no effect on the content of total saturated FAs (SFAs, P > 0.05), but 20.18 and 26.91% dietary CSM increased the content of total monounsaturated FAs and decreased the content of total polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) and PUFA/SFA in the breast muscle of geese (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary CSM did not affect the slaughter performance or meat quality of geese, but the replacement of soybean meal with CSM in whole or high proportion altered the composition of AAs and FAs in breast muscle.
Effects of different energy intakes before and after calving on food intake, performance and blood hormones and metabolites in dairy cows

An experiment with 25 dairy cows was performed to investigate the effects of different energy intakes on food intake, performance and blood hormone and metabolite levels during the last 70 days of pregnancy and the first 125 days after parturition. Compared with animals fed ad libitum before parturition, cows fed only according to requirements during the same time showed no decrease of food intake at calving. Cows fed at a restricted level also showed a faster increase in food intake, a smaller energy deficiency at the onset of lactation and a smaller weight loss after parturition. Peak milk yield was also lower, but the peak was maintained for a longer period, and during the first 2 months of lactation these cows had higher concentrations of glucose and lactic acid, and lower concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and ketone bodies in the blood. Weight losses, and decrease of milk production during the 1st weeks of lactation were higher in cows fed only 0·75 of requirements during the first 60 days of lactation than in animals whose energy intake was planned to cover energy requirements, and during the first 2 months of lactation levels of unesterified fatty acids, ketone bodies and urea were higher, whereas levels of insulin, thyroxine and triiodothyronine were lower. Endocrine and metabolic changes seen during early lactation suggested improved glucose homeostasis, diminished fat mobilization and ketogenesis in cows given reduced amounts of energy during the dry period compared to animals fed ad libitum . To prevent the development of acetonaemia an adequate energy supply during the first part of lactation is, however, of greater importance.
RIPK1‐mediated immunogenic cell death promotes anti‐tumour immunity against soft‐tissue sarcoma

Drugs that mobilise the immune system against cancer are dramatically improving care for many people. Dying cancer cells play an active role in inducing anti‐tumour immunity but not every form of death can elicit an immune response. Moreover, resistance to apoptosis is a major problem in cancer treatment and disease control. While the term “immunogenic cell death” is not fully defined, activation of receptor‐interacting serine/threonine‐protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) can induce a type of death that mobilises the immune system against cancer. However, no clinical treatment protocols have yet been established that would harness the immunogenic potential of RIPK1. Here, we report the first pre‐clinical application of an in vivo treatment protocol for soft‐tissue sarcoma that directly engages RIPK1‐mediated immunogenic cell death. We find that RIPK1‐mediated cell death significantly improves local disease control, increases activation of CD8+ T cells as well as NK cells, and enhances the survival benefit of immune checkpoint blockade. Our findings warrant a clinical trial to assess the survival benefit of RIPK1‐induced cell death in patients with advanced disease at limb extremities.
The Association between Health Literacy and Self-Rated Health Amongst Australian University Students

Health literacy is the capacity to understand, access, and effectively utilize health information and healthcare to make informed health decisions. This cross-sectional study uses the multi-dimensional Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) to investigate associations between demographic characteristics, self-rated health and health literacy among students (n = 932) in two Australian universities. We used Pearson’s chi-square to determine differences in self-rated health between demographic groups, Cohen’s defect Sizeto measure differences in HLQ scale scores between demographic groups, and logistic regression to determine associations between HLQ scores and self-rated health. A clear association was found between self-rated health and health literacy: as health literacy increased, so did self-rated health. Findings also demonstrate lower health literacy for culturally and linguistically diverse students, and those studying Arts compared to Health degrees. Lower self-rated health was correlated with HLQ scales including being less active in managing one’s own health, having less social support for one’s health, possessing insufficient health information and lower confidence in navigating the healthcare system. This study provides a comprehensive picture of potentially vulnerable students and identifies strategies for supporting their health endeavors while studying at university.
On the zoogeography of southern African decapod Crustacea, with a distributional checklist of the species

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavemosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kensley, Brian Frederick. On the zoogeography of Southern African decapod Crustacea. (Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 338) Bibliography: p. 1. Decapoda (Crustacea)—Africa, Southern—Geographical distribution. 2. Crustacea—Geographical distribution. 3. Crustacea—Africa, Southern—Geographical distribution. I. Title. II. Series. QLI.S54 no. 338 (QL444.M33] 591s 81-607972 [595.3'840968] AACR2
A Novel Anti-Microbial Peptide from Pseudomonas, REDLK Induced Growth Inhibition of Leishmania tarentolae Promastigote In Vitro

Leishmaniasis is a prevalent cause of death and animal morbidity in underdeveloped countries of endemic area. However, there is few vaccine and effective drugs. Antimicrobial peptides are involved in the innate immune response in many organisms and are being developed as novel drugs against parasitic infections. In the present study, we synthesized a 5-amino acid peptide REDLK, which mutated the C-terminus of Pseudomonas exotoxin, to identify its effect on the Leishmania tarentolae. Promastigotes were incubated with different concentration of REDLK peptide, and the viability of parasite was assessed using MTT and Trypan blue dye. Morphologic damage of Leishmania was analyzed by light and electron microscopy. Cellular apoptosis was observed using the annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit, mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit and flow cytometry. Our results showed that Leishmania tarentolae was susceptible to REDLK in a dose-dependent manner, disrupt the surface membrane integrity and caused parasite apoptosis. In our study, we demonstrated the leishmanicidal activity of an antimicrobial peptide REDLK from Pseudomonas aeruginosa against Leishmania tarentolae in vitro and present a foundation for further research of anti-leishmanial drugs.
Resilience is an independent correlate of the course of quality of life in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke

ABSTRACT Objectives: To explore the changes in quality of life from the acute hospitalization period to 6 months after discharge in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke and to identify the association between resilience and the course of quality of life. Design: A prospective longitudinal cohort study. Setting: This study was conducted in Shanghai, China. Participants: Two hundred and seventeen stroke patients were recruited for an initial questionnaire survey from two tertiary hospitals from February 2017 to January 2018. Intervention: None. Measurements: Quality of life was measured using the Stroke Scale Quality of Life. Resilience was assessed using the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. Other validated measurement instruments included the modified Rankin Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A multilevel model was used for the analysis of repeated measurements and to determine the association between resilience and quality of life. Results: Quality of life scores significantly improved over the 6 months after discharge (B = 7.31, p < .0001). The multilevel model indicated that resilience was positively correlated with the course of quality of life (B = .133, p < .0001), independent of stroke severity (B = −.051, p = .0006), neurological function (B = −.577, p < .0001), hospitalization days (B = .023, p = .0099), anxiety (B = −.100, p =< .0001), depression (B = −.149, p < .0001), time (B = .360, p < .0001), and the interactions of time with hospitalization days (B = −.008, p = .0002), neurological function (B = .021, p < .0024), depression (B = −.014, p = .0273), and time (B = −.031, p < .0001). Conclusions: Resilience played an important role in predicting the self-reported course of quality of life in stroke patients. Our findings emphasized the reasonableness and importance of developing suitable resilience-targeted clinical strategies for improving prognosis in stroke patients.
Evidence for unconditional sperm transfer and sperm-dependent parthenogenesis in a hermaphroditic flatworm ( Girardia tigrina ) with fissipary

Sperm-dependent parthenogens are expected to promote higher female fecundity at the expense of the production of excessive numbers of sperm. They are also expected to trade sperm strictly, in order to compensate for the loss of nutrients invested in sperm, that otherwise could be allocated to the female function. In this paper, we present evidence that in a natural population of the freshwater planarian Girardia (= Dugesia) tigrina , sperm-dependent parthenogenesis is alternated with fissipary, a combination not reported before for freshwater flatworms. More specifically, we found that most individuals that engage in a copulation have no or only few testes and sperm available, despite the presence of a fully developed penis, indicating that male allocation is fairly low in this (dense) population. Female fecundity on the contrary is rather high, with isolated individuals producing up to six fertilized cocoons over a 3-week period, releasing five young per cocoon on average. An analysis of the mating behaviour further shows that matings in this species are simple and direct with no distinct courtship behaviour. Copulations last for about 36 min and occur at a rate of at least one copulation a day. Bilateral sperm transfer is the rule, but a considerable number of copulations are unidirectional or without sperm transfer. Non-reciprocal inseminations mainly result from the fact that one or both partners has no sperm stored prior to copulation, indicating that strict sperm trading plays no role in this population of G. tigrina .
Response of ectomycorrhizal community structure to gap opening in natural and managed temperate beech-dominated forests

Data on the impact of forest management practices on ectomycorrhizal community structure remains fragmentary and mainly originates from studies in northern coniferous forests. This study focuses on a comparison of ectomycorrhizal communities between canopy gaps and closed canopy areas within natural and managed beech-dominated forests at four locations in Europe. We used high resolution rDNA techniques to identify ectomycorrhiza-forming fungi and attempted to extract potential stand-, gap-, soil-, and selected environmentally derived variables by applying multivariate analysis and ordination for pooling of ecological groups of ectomycorrhiza. A significant reduction of diversity indices, ectomycorrhizal and fine root dynamics, in gaps in comparison with closed canopy stands indicates an effect of forest management practice and the high importance of maintaining and protecting natural forest areas for conservation of soil biodiversity and forest genetic resources. The ordination analysis revealed three gro.
Implementing a pediatric oncology nursing multisite trial.

PURPOSE/BACKGROUND The Parent Educational Discharge Support Strategies (PEDSS) nursing study includes 16 magnet pediatric oncology institutions across the United States and one in Saudi Arabia, evaluating a nurse-led parent educational discharge support strategy for families experiencing a child newly diagnosed with cancer. METHODS During the first 3 months of the study, a research implementation survey was administered electronically to each site principal investigator to evaluate facilitators and barriers in the research process for this multisite nurse-led pediatric oncology study. RESULTS Facilitators included nursing leadership support and commitment from the nursing staff. Common barriers reported were the Institutional Review Board process, the consent process, the timing of the intervention, data collection, as well as nursing time for the study. Results from the survey suggest nurse-led research teams were motivated and felt the intervention was easy to deliver. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nursing practice is enhanced when nurses participate in research and generate evidence regarding best practices within pediatric oncology nursing care. CONCLUSION Nursing research endeavors focusing on collaborative approaches for implementation can lead to successful nursing studies with careful planning, training and administrative support.
Skin cancer risk‐reduction counseling with adolescents: Pediatrician perspectives

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee Center for Mind+Body Health, Charlottesville, Virginia Academic General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York Department of Pediatrics, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, New York Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
Unsupervised Cluster Analysis of Patients With Aortic Stenosis Reveals Distinct Population With Different Phenotypes and Outcomes

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: There is a lack of studies investigating the heterogeneity of patients with aortic stenosis (AS). We explored whether cluster analysis identifies distinct subgroups with different prognostic significances in AS. Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with moderate or severe AS were prospectively enrolled between 2013 and 2016 (n=398, mean 71 years, 55% male). Among demographics, laboratory, and echocardiography parameters (n=32), 11 variables were selected through dimension reduction and used for unsupervised clustering. Phenotypes and causes of mortality were compared between the clusters. Results: Three clusters with markedly different features were identified. Cluster 1 (n=60) was predominantly associated with cardiac dysfunction, cluster 2 (n=86) consisted of elderly with comorbidities, especially end-stage renal disease, whereas cluster 3 (n=252) demonstrated neither cardiac dysfunction nor comorbidities. Although AS severity did not differ, there was a significant difference in adverse outcomes between the clusters during a median 2.4 years follow-up (mortality rate, 13.3% versus 19.8% versus 6.0% for cluster 1, 2, and 3, P<0.001). Particularly, compared with cluster 3, cluster 1 was associated with only cardiac mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 7.37 [95% CI, 2.00–27.13]; P=0.003), whereas cluster 2 was associated with higher noncardiac mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.35 [95% CI, 1.26–8.90]; P=0.015). Phenotypes and association of clusters with specific outcomes were reproduced in an independent validation cohort (n=262). Conclusions: Unsupervised cluster analysis of patients with AS revealed 3 distinct groups with different causes of death. This provides a new perspective in the categorization of patients with AS that takes into account comorbidities and extravalvular cardiac dysfunction.
Ovulation detection and artificial insemination

Methods of detecting ovulation and conducting artificial insemination in great apes are reviewed and described. Ovulation time can be detected to some extent by measuring timing relative to such cyclic correlates as menstruation, perineal swelling, body temperature, viscosity of cervical mucus, and behavior (copulation, masturbation, aggressivity). The most precise methods are observation of ovarian morphology using laparoscopy or ultrasonography, but the most practical method for great apes is the use of recently developed rapid hemagglutination inhibition test for luteinizing hormone. Using this test, three chimpanzees and one gorilla have been successfully artificially inseminated. Artificial insemination in great apes involves collection of semen by automasturbation or rectal probe electro‐ejaculation. Females are anesthetized and fractionated ejaculate is placed on the cervical os. Complicating factors include potential effect of anesthesia, variation in semen quality, frequency of AI required, and the apparent inherent infertility potential of great apes and humans.
Prevision of multidisciplinary head and neck cancer survivorship care during the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic

The 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic challenges the delivery of care for patients with head and neck cancer. An important aspect of this care has been the evolution of enhanced survivorship services, which include surveillance for recurring cancer and prevention of second primaries. The application of evidence‐based approaches to the identification and management of treatment and tumor‐related toxicities has embraced the use of validated patient‐reported outcomes instruments, health promotion, and care coordination. In this manuscript, we describe how our multidisciplinary team of survivorship providers has accommodated to the need to provide patients with social distancing while acknowledging the importance of continued care during treatment and through the spectrum of survivorship.