Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Directed collisions between epithelial cells and fibroblasts in vitro on micromachined substrata

Dental implants contact several cell populations in vivo including fibroblasts (F) and epithelial (E) cells, but there is little information on whether different implant materials or surface topographies alter cell interactions. In this study F and E cells were cultured separately or in combination on smooth or grooved titanium surfaces. Grooves 40 gm wide and 3 gm deep, separated by ridges 40 gm wide were placed in silicon by micromachining, a technique originally developed for the fabrication of microelectronic components, and these surfaces, or their epoxy replicas, were coated with titanium by vacuum deposition (99). E cells from porcine periodontal ligament and F from human gingiva were cultured on grooved as well as control flat surfaces as described previously (102), and cell interactions were observed using reflected light differential interference contrast optics. Fibroblasts moved significantly faster on grooved surfaces, but the speed of E-cell locomotion was not significantly altered. ^The grooves, however, guided the direction of locomotion for both cell types. ^When cultured on grooved surfaces in such a manner that the F and E cells collided head-on, the F, but not the E cells, frequently demonstrated contact inhibition of movement. However, after such collisions, significantly more F continued to invade the E cell sheet than was observed after F-E collisions on flat surfaces. A possible explanation of these observations is that the grooved surface produces and maintains F-cell polarity so that the direction of cell locomotion is less readily altered by cell-cell interactions.
Molecular phylogeny, analysis of character evolution, and submersible collections enable a new classification of a diverse group of gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Nes subgroup), including nine new species and four new genera

The Nes subgroup of the Gobiosomatini (Teleostei: Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) is an ecologically diverse clade of fishes endemic to the tropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific oceans. It has been suggested that morphological characters in gobies tend to evolve via reduction and loss associated with miniaturization, and this, coupled with the parallel evolution of adaptations to similar microhabitats, may lead to homoplasy and ultimately obscure our ability to discern phylogenetic relationships using morphological characters alone. This may be particularly true for the Nes subgroup of gobies, where several genera that are diagnosed by ‘reductive characters’ have been shown to be polyphyletic. Here we present the most comprehensive phylogeny to date of the Nes subgroup using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. We then evaluate the congruence between the distribution of morphological characters and our molecular tree using maximum-likelihood ancestral state reconstruction, and test for phylogenetic signal in characters using Pagel's λ tree transformations (Nature, 401, 1999 and 877). Our results indicate that all of the characters previously used to diagnose genera of the Nes subgroup display some degree of homoplasy with respect to our molecular tree; however, many characters display considerable phylogenetic signal and thus may be useful in diagnosing genera when used in combination with other characters. We present a new classification for the group in which all genera are monophyletic and in most cases diagnosed by combinations of morphological characters. The new classification includes four new genera and nine new species described here, many of which were collected from rarely sampled deep Caribbean reefs using manned submersibles. The group now contains 38 species in the genera Carrigobius gen. nov., Chriolepis, Eleotrica, Gobulus, Gymneleotris, Nes, Paedovaricus gen. nov., Pinnichthys gen. nov., Psilotris, and Varicus. Lastly, we provide a key to all named species of the Nes subgroup along with photographs and illustrations to aid in identification.
Allelopathic interactions of certain Musa cultivars against Odoiporus longicollis (Olivier)

Odoiporus longicollis is a major pest of the banana (Musa) cultivars that enormously feeds on the pseudostem and causes serious damage to banana cultivation. It is a monophagous pest of banana, which showed extreme preference to some commercially viable cultivars such as Nendran, (AAB) Palayankodan,(AAB) Red banana (AAA) and extreme non preference to some commercially non viable cultivars such as Kadali, Kannan, Aattinkombu (all AA types) and Thenkaali (AAB). Field study, diversity analysis and pest status of Musa cultivars in Chittar panchayt of Pathanamthitta district (Kerala) by Arc GIS software showed that maximum diversity of cultivars with minimum pest attack was seen in those wards which are ecotones with respect to forest and agro ecosystem. Rearing of O.longicollis larvae in Thenkaali and Aattinkombu has resulted mortality of them evidenced by hyperprotenemia and hyperuricemia of haemolymph. The HPTLC study has revealed that pseudostem of Aattinkombu and Thenkaali possessed three additional compounds which were not present in pest sensitive cultivars. The differential distribution of secondary metabolites in the pseudostem of the above two cultivars can also be felt by difference in the smell of freshly cut pseudostem.
Cloning and expression of paraflagellar ROD protein 2 (PFR2) gene of Trypanosoma evansi

Since Trypanosomes can effectively evade the host immune response by displaying an array of variable surface glycoproteins, attempts for developing a protective immunogen has not been met with success. Owing to its strategic location and invariable nature PFR1 and PFR2, the two important constituent proteins of kinetoplastid flagellum, are considered as impressive candidates for vaccine development against Trypanosomes. In the present study PFR2 gene was cloned in pDRIVE vector. The Histidine tagged recombinant PFR2 was expressed in BL21 cells of E. coli using pET32a vector and subsequently purified using nickel affinity chromatography. The purity of recombinant protein was confirmed by gel electrophoresis. Further confirmation of the recombinant protein based on the immunoreactivity against the tagged Histidine residues was done by western blotting. The nucleotide sequence showed 99.9%, 82.4%, 75.3% and 74.8% sequence homology with the published sequence of Trypanosoma brucei, T. cruzi, Leishmania infantum and Crithidia fasciculata, respectively. The conserved nature of various PFR2 genes present in kinetoplastids is suggestive of its selection as a vaccine candidate against multiple Trypanosoma species.
Coping style as a mediator between personality and job burnout: a Cross-sectional research for the Chinese employees

Background: The previous studies have examined whether personality or coping style could be a predictor of job burnout. However, there are few studies revealed how personality or coping style influences on the developing of job burnout, especially in the sample of Chinese employees. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of coping style as a mediator between personality and job burnout in Chinese employees. Methods: There were 217 out of 235 employees completed questionnaires of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Path analysis was used to analyze the relationship among personality, coping style and job burnout. Results: Path analysis revealed extroversion could affect reduced professional efficacy via optimistic coping, and the mediating effect of optimistic coping was 0.06; neuroticism could influence all dimensions of burnout through pessimistic coping, and the mediating effect of pessimistic coping on emotional exhaustion, cynicism and reduced professional efficacy was 0.06, 0.08 and 0.05, respectively. In addition, the result showed that emotional exhaustion and cynicism interact on each other. The direct effect of emotional exhaustion on cynicism was 0.31; conversely, the direct effect of cynicism on exhaustion was 0.29. The model fitted the data well (=26.25, P=0.01, GFI=0.97, AGFI=0.92, NFI=0.94, CFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.07 (90% CI 0.035-0.113), P close fit =0.14). Conclusions: Coping style might be one of mediators between personality and job burnout for Chinese employees.
Study on the Correlation between IL-10 Promoter,IL-1ra Gene Polymorphism and SLE in Chinese Han Population of Hunan Province

Objective:to study on the gene polymorphisms of interleukin-10(IL-10) promoter and interluekin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1ra) in the Han nationality of Hunan and test the correlation between these genes and Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients.Methods:polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme cleavage were used to analyze the gene polymorphisms.Results:there are gene polymorphisms in IL-1ra and IL-10 promoter in the Hunan Han groups.IL-1RN*1 frequency of SLE patients increased significantly(P0.05,RR=5) than that of normal controls.A significant increase was found in the frequencies of-597*A and-824*T and ACC genotype between SLE patients and normal controls (P0.001). Conclusions:IL-1ra and IL-10 promoter polymorphisms are associated with SLE and may be the genetic predisposition to the disease.
Effect of Magnesium and Manganese Nutrition on Watermelon Growth and Manganese Toxicity

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) ‘Sugar Baby’ was grown in sand culture to evaluate Mn uptake as affected by solution concentration of Mn and Mg. Manganese toxicity symptoms were developed first on the lower mature leaves as small, distinct, blackish-brown speckling on the lower leaf surface that progressed to extensive vein browning and necrotic lesions. Leaves developed toxicity symptoms when they contained ≥1325 mg·liter−1 Mn. Growth was reduced at Mn concentrations in nutrient solution ≥22.5 mg·liter−1. Development of Mn toxicity symptoms was delayed with increasing Mg concentrations in solutions. Increasing Mg concentration in solution to 48 or 96 mg·liter-1 reduced Mn composition and Mg uptake per unit root surface at 2 and 30 mg·liter-1 Mn in solution, but had no effect at 60 mg·liter-1 Mn in solution.
A taxonomic revision of Passiflora subgenus Decaloba (Passifloraceae) in Brazil

A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Passiflora subgenus Decaloba is presented. This morphological study is based on their vegetative, floral, pollen, and fruit structures. Our treatment recognizes 20 taxa divided among five supersections belonging to the subgenus in Brazil. Passiflora candollei is reported for the first time in Amazonas State, the resurrection of P. longilobis is supported, and new synonymy for P. pohlii is introduced. A key for the identification of the taxa, along with their morphological descriptions, types, examined material, common names, habitats, phenology, geographic distribution, etymology, and taxonomic comments are presented, as well as illustrations and distribution maps.
Hyporheic flowpaths and interstitial invertebrates associated with stable and eroded river sections: interactions between micro- and meso-scales

Erosion of the river beds linked to human activities is currently a crucial issue. By inducing strong changes in river dynamics, this erosion alters many of the related ecological processes. The modification of the relationships between the river and its aquifer due to erosion is not really understood. The large scale consequences of erosion for the interactions between river and the underlying aquifer must be clarified, together with the small scale effects of river erosion on hyporheic flowpaths. The role of water exchange within the hyporheic zone on the distribution of interstitial invertebrates is universally recognized, but nothing is known on the potential links between riverbed erosion, the subsequent modification of water exchange at a local scale and their consequences on the distribution and biomass of hyporheic invertebrates. Two sections, stable versus eroded, were studied on the Herbasse, a third-order stream, by sampling hyporheic water and invertebrates at two depths within the substrate (−15 and −50 cm deep), upstream and downstream of ten riffles. Seven physical and chemical parameters were used to identify the hydrological flowpaths at both the riffle (up and downwelling areas) and the section scales (eroded vs stable) and to specify the level of nutrients in the hyporheic habitat. Significant differences were observed between the stable and eroded sections both in the vertical and longitudinal dimensions, with for example available oxygen decreasing with depth and along hyporheic flowpaths, and revealing more obvious differences in the eroded section gaining groundwater than in the stable section. Most of the hypogean organisms (Niphargus sp., Salentinella juberthiei, and Proasellus sp.) were most abundant at the deepest level, in the upwelling zones and the eroded section, while typical epigean taxa (Gammarus sp., Plecoptera and Ephemeroptera) were mostly present near the surface and in the stable section, suggesting that erosion processes may influence the development of hyporheic assemblages at riffle and reach scales.
Phylogeography, population structure and evolution of coral‐eating butterflyfishes (Family Chaetodontidae, genus Chaetodon, subgenus Corallochaetodon)

This study compares the phylogeography, population structure and evolution of four butterflyfish species in the Chaetodon subgenus Corallochaetodon, with two widespread species (Indian Ocean – C. trifasciatus and Pacific Ocean – C. lunulatus), and two species that are largely restricted to the Red Sea (C. austriacus) and north‐western (NW) Indian Ocean (C. melapterus). Through extensive geographical coverage of these taxa, we seek to resolve patterns of genetic diversity within and between closely related butterflyfish species in order to illuminate biogeographical and evolutionary processes.
Adenosine Triphosphate Content of Microorganisms Related with Food Spoilage

グラム陰性菌15株, グラム陽性菌7株, および酵母1株について, 1細胞当たりのATP含量を市販のバイオルミノメーターを用いて測定した. その結果, Enterobacter cloacaeとProteus mirabilisを除いたグラム陰性菌13株では, ATP含量の平均が1細胞当たり0. 68～2. 34fgであった. E. cloacaeとP. mirabilisの平均ATP含量はそれぞれ0. 08および5. 76fgであった. グラム陰性菌15株の平均ATP含量は1. 43fgであった. グラム陽性菌は3. 72～25.50fg, 平均12. 48fg, 酵母は212. 81fgであった. グラム陰性菌については一般的にいわれている細菌1細胞中のATP含量が1fgであることについては, おおむね一致した見解を得たが, グラム陽性菌については, グラム陰性菌の約10倍のATP量を認めた. また, 酵母はグラム陰性菌の約100倍のATP含量を認めた. これらの関係をオーダーとして考えた場合, グラム陰性菌, グラム陽性菌, および酵母の比は, 1: 10: 100で表すことができた. また, 芽胞1個当たりのATP含量は, 6.5×10-2～1.9×10-4fgと非常に微量であった.
Immunogenicity of Leptospira interrogans Outer Membrane Vesicles in a Hamster Model

Animal Leptospirosis, caused by Leptospira spp. , is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in the US and throughout the world. Commercially available bacterins are only partially efficacious in that they protect against death, but not against disease. Protective immunity to Leptospira spp. require antibodies specific to outer surface proteins and/or adhesins of leptospires. Spirochetes produce membrane blebs or vesicles (OMVs) and OMVs have been shown to be good immunogens. In this study, we characterized leptospiral OMV components by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of and identified that the majority (58.1%) of proteins in the vesicles were cytoplasmic proteins (294 of 506), while 5 were extracellular proteins (0.99%), 11 were outer membrane proteins (2.17%), 14 were periplasmic proteins (2.77%), 48 were cytoplasmic/inner membrane proteins (9.49%) and 134 were unknown or having multiple locations (26.48%). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging showed OMVs are spherical bodies with a diameter of 50-200 nm. Vesicles were used to vaccinate hamsters. The results indicated that immunization with Leptospira OMVs induced significant protection against lethal challenge revealed by an enhanced humoral immune response, high survival rate and significantly reduced bacterial burden, all of which were reflected in decreased pulmonary, hepatic and renal lesions (p<0.05). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing that OMVs could be used as a novel vaccine formulation to protect hamsters against lethal challenge.
Phytoremediation──An effective approach of heavy metal cleanup from contaminated soil

The principle,method and research dynamics of phytoremediation are reviewed.It demonstrates some examples in phytoremediation of polluted soil.The types,characteristics,potential of hyperaccumulators,application,results and current approaches in genetic engineering and modern molecular biology are discussed.More effective approaches of amendment and ecological restoration of polluted soil can be developed and put into practice.
Relationship Between Polyamine Metabolism in Roots and Salt Tolerance of Barley Seedlings

Plant growth rate (GR), contents of free polyamines (fPAs) and bound polyamines (bPAs) and activities of some key enzymes involved in polyamine (PA) metabolism in the roots of two barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars differing in salt sensitivity were investigated with 0-300 mmol/L NaCl treatments. With 0-200 mmol/L NaCl treatments, activities of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and transglutaminase (TGase) and PA oxidase (PAO) in the roots of barley seedlings all increased, while TGase and PAO activities decreased slightly at 300 mmol/L NaCl. As a result, free Put (fPut) content increased continuously with increasing concentrations of NaCl, while levels of free Spd (fSpd) and an unknown PA (fPAx) and bPAs (bPut, bSpd and bPAx), as well as (fSpd+fPAx)/fPut ratio rose at 50-200 mmol/L NaCl and reduced at 300 mmol/L NaCl. However, no significant change in the tetra_amine spermine (Spm) content was observed. Statistical analysis showed that GR was very significantly positively correlated with (fSpd+fPAx)/fPut ratios and the contents of bPAs, whereas a significant inverse correlation existed between GR and the ratios of fPA contents to bPA levels. These results showed that, under salt stress, the balance between fSpd, fPAx and fPut levels and an equipoise between fPA and bPA contents in roots were important to salt tolerance of barley seedlings.
Assessing the Impacts of Climate change on Crop Yields in different Agro-Climatic Zones of India

Thestudy attempts to estimateand predict climate impact on crop yieldsusing future temperature projections under two climate emissions scenarios of RCP 4.5 and 8.5 for threedifferent time periods (2030s, 2050s and 2080s) across Agro-climatic zones (ACZ) of India.During the period 1966-2011, a significant rise was observed in both the annual mean maximum and minimum temperature across ACZs. Rainfall recorded an annual decline in Himalayan Regions and Gangetic Plains and a rise in Coastal Regions, Plateau & Hills and Western Dry Region.Our results showedhigh heterogeneity in climate impact onkharif and rabi crop yields (with both negative and positive estimates) across ACZs.It was found that rainfall had a positive effect on most of crop yields, but was not sufficient enough to counterbalance the impact of temperature.Changes in crop yield were more pronounced forhigheremission scenario of RCP 8.5. Thus, it was evident that the relative impacts of climate change and the associated vulnerability varyby ACZs, hence comprehensive crop and region-specific adaptation measures should be emphasized that helps in enhancing resilience of agricultural system in short to medium term.
The preliminary analysis of forest ecosystem site index using remote sensed data

The estimating of Site index and site quality are fundamental theory and basic tools in forest ecosystem management and silviculture practice.The study on the spatial pattern and temporal dynamics of Site index and quality of forest ecosystem are still lack as the limitation of technology.It is a new approach of forest productivity estimating in large area using satellite remote sensed data.The Site index spatial distribution pattern of spruce(Picea asperata) forest was descript through the remote sensing vegetation index application and inverse models establishment in Northwest Sichuan Province,Songpan-Zhengjiangguan watershed,and evaluated the potential of methodology in broadly regions and forests through the accuracy assessment.The results show that Site index of spruce forest is linear correlation with remote sensed vegetation indices(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) and soil adjust NDVI(TNDVI)),as well as these inverse models with high accuracy.This study demonstrated that this approach can be used in similar estimating of different forest ecosystems.
A rapid screening method for salt stress tolerance of onion genotypes

Salinity is one of the major limitations for onion growth and productivity all over the world. There are several methods to determine salt stress tolerance of plants such as germination tests, pots trials, in vitro experiments etc. This study was conducted for optimisation of rapid and practical method to compare onion genotypes under salinity conditions. In the first stage of the study, three explant types and twenty one combinations of plant growth regulators were tested for optimization of callus protocol. Callus induction percentage (%), callus fresh weight (mg) and callus dry weight (mg) were measured on the 31st day. According to results, the best medium (MS + 2 mg/L 2,4-D + 0,5 mg/L BAP) and explant type (mature zygotic embryo) for the proliferation of callus were determined. After choosing the best hormone and explant type, the effect of salinity on callus induction was tested using different level of NaCl. ‘Akgun-12’ consistently performed the best in callus culture. Responses of onion cultivars were different for different parameters. The proposed method was simple to perform, as no long time is required, and offers a possibility to screen genotypes in any time of year.
A Study on a Low-Cost Attitude and Heading Estimation System for ROVs

This thesis presents a methodology for designing a low-cost attitude and heading estimation system which is composed of three single-axis rate gyros, a tri-axis accelerometer, and a tri-axis magnetometer. Rate gyro sensor we have chosen is a small relatively inexpensive piezoelectric vibrating rate gyro originally developed for the automobile market and active suspension systems by Murata. It generates voltage output proportional to the angular velocity of the vehicle around the principal axis of the device. Accelerometer is a tri-axis digital output linear accelerometer developed by ST that includes a sensing element and an IC interface able to take the information from the sensing element and to provide the measured acceleration signals to the external world through an I2C/SPI interface. Magnetometer is an integrated tri-axis magnetic field sensing module manufactured by PNI. It is used to measure Earth’s magnetic field. SPI interface allows easy access to its measurement parameters and resulting field measurement data. Output signals coming from these sensors are fused through two Kalman filters. One Kalman filter is used to estimate roll and pitch angles and the other is for heading angle estimation. By using this method, we have obtained attitude (roll and pitch angle) and heading information which are reliable over long period of time. Results from a set of simulation works have shown the performance of the presented method.
Several new and unreported vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Endogonaceae) from Colombia

Six new species of Endogonaceae are described, Acaulospora appendicula, A. longula, A. mellea, A. morrowae, Glomus manihotis, and Entrophospora colombiana. Acaulospora ap? pendicula is an unusual species that forms chlamydospores and thin-walled accessory cells similar to those formed by species in the genus Glomus. In addition, observations on the occurrence of Acaulospora foveata in Colombia and some characteristics of this fungus not included in the original description are presented. A dichotomous key to all described species of Acaulospora is presented.