Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Intervening Roles of Shame and Guilt in Relations between Parenting and Prosocial Behavior in College Students

Abstract Despite the importance of understanding the relations between parenting and youth’s prosocial behavior, there is surprisingly little research focused on the relations among parenting practices, shame, guilt, and prosocial behaviors. The present study was designed to examine the intervening roles of shame and guilt in relations between parental support and psychological control and public and altruistic prosocial behaviors in college students. The participants were 304 (62.5% female, 76.3% European American, Mage = 18.71, SD = 0.92) college students. We found partial support for our hypotheses. Specifically, we found that parental psychological control was positively linked to shame which, in turn, was positively linked to public prosocial behaviors. In contrast, parental support was positively linked to guilt which, in turn, was positively linked to altruistic prosocial behaviors and negatively linked to public prosocial behaviors. Further, psychological control was directly and positively linked to public prosocial behaviors and negatively linked to altruistic prosocial behaviors. Parental support was directly and positively linked to public prosocial behaviors. Discussion will focus on the implications of the findings for theories of moral socialization and prosocial development.
Simultaneous measurement of central amygdala neuronal activity and sympathetic nerve activity during daily activities in rats

What is the central question of this study? The functional relationships between central amygdala neuronal activity (CeANA) and sympathetic nerve activity in daily activities remain unclear. We aimed to measure CeANA, renal and lumbar sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA and LSNA, respectively), heart rate (HR) and arterial pressure simultaneously in freely moving rats. What is the main finding and its importance? The CeANA was significantly related to RSNA and LSNA and HR in a behavioural state‐dependent and regionally different manner; meanwhile, CeANA was tightly associated with RSNA and HR across all behavioural states. Thus, it is likely that the amygdala is a component of neural networks generating regional differences in RSNA and LSNA.
A systematic review of relational-based therapies for the treatment of auditory hallucinations in patients with psychotic disorders

Abstract Background Auditory hallucinations in patients with psychotic disorders may be very distressing. Unfortunately, a large proportion of individuals are resistant to pharmacological interventions and the gold-standard cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis offers at best modest effects. To improve therapeutic outcomes, several therapies have been created to establish a relationship between voice-hearers and their voices. With increasing literature, we conducted a systematic review of dialogical therapies and examined the evidence behind their efficacy. Methods A systematic search was performed in PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Articles were included if they discussed the effects of dialogical interventions for patients with psychotic disorders. Results A total of 17 studies were included within this systematic review. Cumulative evidence from various therapies has shown that entering in a dialog with voices is beneficial to patients, even those who are resistant to current pharmacological treatments. Heightened benefits have been mainly observed with Relating Therapy and Avatar Therapy/Virtual Reality assisted Therapy, with evidence generally of moderate quality. Both these interventions have shown large to very large effects on voices and voice-related distress as well as moderate to large magnitude improvements on affective symptoms. Though, cognitive-behavioral therapy for command hallucinations and making sense of voices noted no improvements on voices. Conclusions Literature on relational-based interventions with a strong emphasis on the relational aspects of voice hearing has shown positive effects. Results suggest that these dialogical therapies might surpass the efficacy of current gold-standard approaches.
The Influence of Oil‐in‐Water Preparations on the Toxicity of Crude Oil to Marine Invertebrates and Fish Following Short‐Term Pulse and Continuous Exposures

Following an oil spill, accurate assessments of the ecological risks of exposure to compounds within petroleum are required, as is knowledge regarding how those risks may change with the use of chemical dispersants. Laboratory toxicity tests are frequently used to assess these risks, but differences in the methods for preparation of oil‐in‐water solutions may confound interpretation, as may differences in exposure time to those solutions. In the present study, we used recently developed modifications of standardized ecotoxicity tests with copepods (Acartia sinjiensis), sea urchins (Heliocidaris tuberculata), and fish embryos (Seriola lalandi) to assess their response to crude oil solutions and assessed whether the oil‐in‐water preparation method changed the results. We created a water‐accommodated fraction, a chemically enhanced water‐accommodated fraction, and a high‐energy water‐accommodated fraction (HEWAF) using standard approaches using two different dispersants, Corexit 9500 and Slickgone NS. We found that toxicity was best related to total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) concentrations in solution, regardless of the preparation method used, and that the HEWAF was the most toxic because it dispersed the highest quantity of oil into solution. The TPAH composition in water did not vary appreciably with different preparation methods. For copepods and sea urchins, we also found that at least some of the toxic response could be attributed to the chemical oil dispersant. We did not observe the characteristic cardiac deformities that have been previously reported in fish embryos, most likely due to the use of unweathered oil, and, as a consequence, the high proportion of naphthalenes relative to cardiotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the overall composition. The present study highlights the need to characterize both the TPAH composition and concentration in test solutions when assessing oil toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2580–2594. © 2022 SETAC
Association between cytokine levels and anthropometric measurements: a population-based study

Abstract Obesity is currently considered a public health problem with pandemic proportions and is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which can predispose to the development of several chronic diseases and metabolic complications. This cross-sectional population-based study, conducted with 743 Brazilian adults, aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory cytokines with anthropometric measurements. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, behavioural and biochemical variables were collected. Multiple linear regression stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding factors was performed. In men, waist circumference (WC) was associated with IL-1β (3·52 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·60, 6·45), IL-6 (6·35 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·35, 12·34), IL-8 (8·77 pg/ml; 95 % CI 2·37, 15·17), IL-10 (3·09 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·56, 5·61), IL12p70 (8·31 pg/ml; 95 % CI 3·11, 13·52) and TNF-α (4·22 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·20, 10·48). Waist:height ratio was associated with IL-6 (3·21 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·02, 6·39). BMI was associated with IL-1β (1·50 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·46, 2·34), IL-6 (2·97 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·78, 5·16), IL-8 (4·48 pg/ml; 95 % CI 2·21, 6·75), IL-10 (1·31 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·30, 2·31), IL-12p70 (3·59 pg/ml; 95 % CI 1·24, 5·95) and TNF-α (2·00 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·81, 3·19). In women, WC was associated with IL-6 (5·10 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·68, 9·51) and IL-10 (4·16 pg/ml; 95 % CI 1·26, 7·06). BMI was associated with IL-6 (2·67 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·34, 4·99), and WHR was associated with TNF-α (2·84 pg/ml; 95 % IC 0·86–6·54). The results highlight the importance of anthropometric assessment in clinical practice and the need to develop public policies and interventions to reduce the prevalence of obesity and, consequently, of inflammation and possible metabolic complications.
Outcome and prognostic factors of very old patients with primary CNS lymphoma: a retrospective analysis of patients ≥80 years treated with high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy

Abstract Although >10% of primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) patients are ≥80 years, data on this population are limited. We analyzed 19 consecutive octogenarians with PCNSL treated with high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX)-based chemotherapy at our institution concerning outcome, prognostic factors and living conditions at six-month follow-up for 11 patients alive and in remission. Seven patients received intracerebroventricular (ICV) treatment additional to systemic therapy. Median follow-up was 27.3 months. Median overall survival was 16.3 months. Positive prognosticators of survival were application of ICV treatment (p = 0.033) and female gender (p = 0.015). All 11 patients alive and in remission at 6-month follow-up were living at home with a median Karnofsky performance score of 60 (range 50–90) and a median instrumental activities of daily living score of 3 (range 1–8). HD-MTX-based polychemotherapy including ICV treatment was feasible in this population, patients in remission needed moderate support in everyday live.
A Culture and Wellness Pilot to Guide Community Engaged Public Health Research in Native American Populations.

BACKGROUND Alaskan Native/American Indian (AI/AN) participation in biomedical sciences is often hindered by cultural miscommunication regarding concepts and definitions of health. Identifying culturally contextualized health priorities is crucial to building research collaborations between academic institutions and AI/AN consortia. METHODS This article describes pilot data from the development of a culture and wellness questionnaire deployed by the Great Lakes Native American Research Center for Health at cultural events and community engagement meetings. The questionnaire was designed in collaboration with AI/AN members to assess performance indicators of public health promotion in AI/AN populations who are culturally inclined to interpret health holistically. RESULTS There were 25 completed questionnaires. Connection to the land (88%) and "giving thanks" (96%) were the most prominently affirmed health and wellness concepts. Participants were least confident (33%) in the ability to support the next generation culturally (language, stories, etc). These results comport with anecdotal data that AI/AN concepts of health and wellness should be co-developed with AI/AN cultural leaders and community members. Future implications for academic partnerships are discussed.
Higher order and CP-violating effects in the neutralino and Higgs boson sectors of the MSSM

Complete one-loop results are presented for neutralino and Higgs decay processes of the form chi^0_i->chi^0_j h_a and h_a->chi^0_i chi^0_j in the MSSM with CP-violating parameters. An on-shell renormalisation scheme is developed for the chargino–neutralino sector that consistently takes into account imaginary parts arising from complex parameters and absorptive parts of loop integrals. The genuine vertex contributions are combined with two-loop Higgs propagator-type corrections to obtain the most precise prediction currently available for this class of processes. In the CP-violating CPX benchmark scenario, the corrections to the neutralino decay width are found to be particularly large – of order 45% for a Higgs mass of 40GeV. We find that in this unexcluded parameter region, which will be difficult to cover by standard Higgs search channels at the LHC, the branching ratio for the decay chi^0_2->chi^0_1 h_1 is large. This may offer good prospects of detecting such a light Higgs boson in cascade decays of supersymmetric particles. We also study the full Higgs production and decay processes in scenarios where the intermediate Higgs bosons are nearly mass degenerate and interference effects can have a significant impact. We find that an on-shell approximation gives results in good numerical agreement with the full momentum-dependent Higgs propagator matrix calculation and we develop a generalised narrow width approximation to be used in such a situation. We use these methods to study the asymmetry between the production of left-handed and right-handed neutralinos in Higgs decays at the LHC in the presence of CP-violating phases. Large asymmetries are found to be possible for large M_H^± > 500GeV and tan beta < 10, where the decay into neutralinos may be the only possibility to detect the heavy Higgs bosons.
Editorial Comment to Magnetic resonance imaging of in vitro urine flow in single and tandem stented ureters subject to extrinsic ureteral obstruction

Dror et al. analyzed the efficacy of different types of ureteral stents in extrinsic ureteral obstruction (EUO). They quantify the relative volumetric flows in the stent and ureter lumen, by magnetic resonance imaging measurement, using artificial phantom kidney model. In their experiments, they showed the tandem stents are able to maintain urine flow in the ureter lumen outside the stent near the EUO. Vice versa, in the single stent, all the urine flow are limited in the lumen of the stent. These findings indicate that in presence of the EUO, the single stent relies on stent diameter, while the tandem stents maintain ureter lumen between the tandem stents for urine to flow. As the authors mentioned, the in vitro model is different from natural situation. The urine in clinical setting with EUO is usually cloudy with a lot of debris. Lack of peristalsis in this experiment make profound difference in urine flow. In the real clinical practice, we have to consider patient’s physical and economic burden for the procedure. However, this experimental model is still interesting and give us some insights in selecting stent size and configuration (single or tandem) in the patients with EUO. Further experiment such as animal model will be warranted.
Development of potent inhibitors by fragment‐linking strategies

Fragment‐based drug discovery (FBDD) is a method of identifying small molecule hits that can be elaborated rationally through fragment growing, merging and linking, to afford high‐affinity ligands for biological targets. Despite the promised theoretical potential of fragment linking, examples are still surprisingly sparse and remain overshadowed by the successes of fragment growing. The aim of this review was to outline a number of key examples of fragment‐linking strategies and discuss their strengths and limitations. Structure‐based approaches including X‐ray crystallography and in silico methods of fragment optimization are discussed, as well as fragment linking guided by NMR experiments. Target‐guided approaches, exploiting the biological target to assemble its own inhibitors through dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) and kinetic target‐guided synthesis (KTGS), are identified as alternative efficient methods for fragment linking.
ESR2 expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is related to body fat distribution in women, and knockdown impairs preadipocyte differentiation

ABSTRACT Oestrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) expression has been shown to be higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from postmenopausal compared to premenopausal women. The functional significance of altered ESR2 expression is not fully known. This study investigates the role of ESR2 for adipose tissue lipid and glucose metabolism. SAT biopsies were obtained from 44 female subjects with or without T2D. Gene expression of ESR2 and markers of adipose function and metabolism was assessed. ESR2 knockdown was performed using CRISPR/Cas9 in preadipocytes isolated from SAT of females, and differentiation rate, lipid storage, and glucose uptake were measured. ESR2 expression was inversely correlated with measures of central obesity and expression of some fatty acid oxidation markers, and positively correlated with lipid storage and glucose transport markers. Differentiation was reduced in ESR2 knockdown preadipocytes. This corresponded to reduced expression of markers of differentiation and lipogenesis. Glucose uptake was reduced in knockdown adipocytes. Our results indicate that ESR2 deficiency in women is associated with visceral adiposity and impaired subcutaneous adipocyte differentiation as well as glucose and lipid utilization. High ESR2 expression, as seen after menopause, could be a contributing factor to SAT expansion. This may support a possible target to promote a healthy obesity phenotype.
Multiscale segmentation‐ and error‐guided iterative convolutional neural network for cerebral neuron segmentation in microscopic images

This article uses microscopy images obtained from diverse anatomical regions of macaque brain for neuron semantic segmentation. The complex structure of brain, the large intra‐class staining intensity difference within neuron class, the small inter‐class staining intensity difference between neuron and tissue class, and the unbalanced dataset increase the difficulty of neuron semantic segmentation. To address this problem, we propose a multiscale segmentation‐ and error‐guided iterative convolutional neural network (MSEG‐iCNN) to improve the semantic segmentation performance in major anatomical regions of the macaque brain. After evaluating microscopic images from 17 anatomical regions, the semantic segmentation performance of neurons is improved by 10.6%, 4.0%, 1.5%, and 1.2% compared with Random Forest, FCN‐8s, U‐Net, and UNet++, respectively. Especially for neurons with brighter staining intensity in the anatomical regions such as lateral geniculate, globus pallidus and hypothalamus, the performance is improved by 66.1%, 23.9%, 11.2%, and 6.7%, respectively. Experiments show that our proposed method can efficiently segment neurons with a wide range of staining intensities. The semantic segmentation results are of great significance and can be further used for neuron instance segmentation, morphological analysis and disease diagnosis. Cell segmentation plays a critical role in extracting cerebral information, such as cell counting, cell morphometry and distribution analysis. Accurate automated neuron segmentation is challenging due to the complex structure of brain, the large intra‐class staining intensity difference within neuron class, the small inter‐class staining intensity difference between neuron and tissue class, and the unbalanced dataset. The proposed multiscale segmentation‐ and error‐guided iterative convolutional neural network (MSEG‐iCNN) improve the segmentation performance in 17 major anatomical regions of the macaque brain.
Family Conflict, Physical Symptoms, and Post Traumatic Stress among Sexual Minorities during the COVID Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model

ABSTRACT Sexual minorities experience health disparities compared to heterosexuals due to their stigmatized identies. The COVID- 19 pandemic has further exacerbated these disparities. Sexual minorities were surveyed about their experiences during the pandemic and asked about family conflict and minority stress as predictors of Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) and physical health symptoms, as well as psychological symptoms as a mediator of these relationships. We surveyed 435 sexual minorities who were recruited from Mechanical MTurk. Participants completed questionnaires that included demographics, PTSS in response to the pandemic, family conflict, minority stress, psychological symptoms, and physical health outcomes. Our findings support a moderated mediational model, explaining the relationships between family conflict, minority stress, PTSS and physical symptoms. Specifically, those participants who are high in minority stress are vulnerable to family conflict resulting in increased PTSS and physical symptoms. Psychological symptoms mediated these relationships.
Nonparaneoplastic Anti-GAD Limbic Encephalitis: Seizure Outcome and Long-term Neuropsychological Follow-up After Immunotherapy

Antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase (GAD-Abs), especially GAD65 antibodies, are associated with limbic encephalitis (LE) manifested by temporal lobe epilepsy and neuropsychological deficits. We present the case of a 42-year-old Greek woman with nonparaneoplastic anti-GAD LE, discussing the therapeutic management and highlighting the role of neuropsychological assessment. The patient underwent functional and structural brain studies and was investigated longitudinally over a 6-year period with a battery of neuropsychological tests that were designed to document her intellectual function and verbal and visual memory. The patient suffered from refractory temporal-impaired awareness seizures and memory impairment that was mediated by autoimmune nonparaneoplastic LE and comorbid autoimmune disorders (ie, Hashimoto thyroiditis and vitiligo). Neuroimaging studies demonstrated hyperintensities in the medial temporal lobes bilaterally on T2WI MRI sequences. Serial EEGs showed bitemporal intermittent delta activity as well as epileptiform discharges. Tumor blood markers and onconeural antibodies were negative. Immunological screening revealed extremely high GAD-Abs titers in both serum and CSF, as well as the presence of CSF oligoclonal bands. Neuropsychological testing revealed anterograde amnesia with relative preservation of more remote, premorbid memories. The patient underwent first-line immunotherapy followed by immunosuppressive maintenance treatment that led to a reduction of seizures, EEG improvement, and a significant decline in GAD-Abs titers. Neuropsychological evaluations at 5 months, 1 year, and 6 years posttreatment demonstrated improvement, particularly in recent memory and everyday functionality. In this case of anti-GAD LE, the long-term seizure reduction and the improvement of neuropsychological deficits were most likely related to the immunotherapy.
Advanced qualification method for patterns with irregular edges in printed electronics

To evaluate the pattern transfer completeness (PTC) with respect to the line edge roughness (LER), this paper proposes an advanced method which statistically quantifies the deviations of printed patterns from their corresponding designed patterns. Complex patterns of Archimedean, logarithmic, and hyperbolic spirals are demonstrated using inkjet printing under various conditions to show different LERs and the effectiveness of the advanced method. The advanced method analyzes patterns using parametric forms in Cartesian coordinates instead of standard forms in polar coordinates, thus enabling evaluations with negligible errors which outperform existing methods. This study involved comprehensive analyses of the impacts of digitized patterns with serrated curves, different orientations of the asymmetric pattern, curvatures of the pattern, and the detection range and its movement. The results show that the advanced method not only correctly reflected the PTC, but also exhibited operational flexibilities, e.g. the evaluation efficiency may be enhanced by introducing an enlarged detection range or an increased movement of the detection range.