Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Augmenting NFS and TFTP protocols to an Intrusion Detection System

—All computer systems are prone to malicious attacks, no matter how secure they are. There is no such thing as a fully secure system. Even isolated private networks are being targeted and successfully exploited. Therefore, network monitoring has been adopted by security engineers to detect any malicious intrusion and stop it before any damage is done. There exists an intrusion detection system (IDS) based on satisfying constraints. This IDS is practical in limited networks where the deployed network protocols are known. Currently, the IDS supports the IGMP, RTPS, ARP and NTP protocols. In this research, we will add to the parser module of the IDS the parsing of the NFS and TFTP protocols.
CEO Duality and Firm Performance in the Pharmaceutical Industry of China: The Moderating Role of Ownership Type

Noheed Khan, Muhammad Mobeen Shafqat, Salman Ali Qureshi, Anum Shafique, Muhammad Bilal, Waseemullah, Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, The University of Faisalabad (TUF), Pakistan, Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, GC Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan, Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Lecturer, University Institute of Management Sciences, PMAS-University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, Pakistan, BBA Faculty Member/Coordinator, Department of Business & Economics, FG Sir Syed College Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Lecturer, Department of Management Sciences, University of Gujrat, Pakistan, Email: noheed.khan@tuf.edu. pk, mobeen.shafqat@gcwus.edu. pk, salman_qureshi@aiou.edu. pk, anum.shafique@uaar.edu. pk, rao.muhammad. bilal@gmail.com, waseem.ullah@uog.edu. pk
The Effect of Overconfidence in the Presentation of Financial Statements on Corporate Tax Avoidance

Mostafa A. Almansoori1*, Raid Hassan Ali2, Ali Nadhem Abdulamir3, 1Accounting Department, College of Administration and Economics, AlMuthanna University, Iraq,2Department of Business Administration, College of Administration and Economics, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq, 3Department of Banking and Financial Sciences, College of Administration and Economics, AlMuthanna University, Iraq, Email: mustafa.abd1983@mu.edu. iq
Plant natural products for cognitive impairment: A review of the preclinical evidence

Cognitive impairment (CI) is a highly complex central nervous system disorder commonly associated with aging. This condition is characterized by a progressive reduction of cognitive function. Modern synthetic drugs have been granted clinical approval for the treatment of CI. However, most of these drugs show insufficient efficacy and undesired side effects in clinical practice. Alternative drugs for CI are required to overcome these problems. Medicinal plants and their bioactive molecules remain the main sources for new drug discovery, and they have the potential to be developed as novel drugs for CI. Many reports have demonstrated the activity of other medicinal plants and their active metabolites for CI in various experiments. In this article, we summarize the potency of plant natural compounds for CI, focusing on cognitive-enhancing activity in amnesic-animal experimental models. We also discuss the pathophysiological basis of CI and propose potential therapeutic targets of CI using plant natural compounds. Additionally, we highlight promising natural compounds for CI and discuss their possible mechanisms of action. This review provides insight into the effort of discovery and development of pharmaceutical agents derived from medicinal plants to combat CI.
Role of FLT3 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Molecular mechanisms and Therapeutic opportunities Moharram, Sausan

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous blood disease which is characterized by different mutations and chromosomal rearrangements. Nearly 60% of genetic alterations have been found in AML patients involve in signaling pathways including signaling of tyrosine kinase receptor FLT3. FLT3 mutations emerged as one of the most common mutations in AML which represent around 35% of all AML cases, making it an attractive therapeutic target in AML. Among these mutations, FLT3-ITD is associated with a high risk of relapse and poor prognosis. Although several FLT3 inhibitors have been developed and showed promising results in clinical trials, many patients develop drug resistance shortly after treatment starts and display poor outcome. Therefore, understanding how FLT3 signaling pathways are regulated is increasingly needed in order to identify new drugs targeting the oncogenic FLT3 and to overcome resistance. In this thesis, we have addressed the importance of associating proteins in regulating FLT3 signaling as well as identified novel therapeutic targets to overcome FLT3-related resistance. We identified SLAP2 and ABL2 as potent interaction partners of FLT3 through their SH2 domain. Our results show that SLAP2 suppresses FLT3 downstream signaling pathways including AKT, ERK, p38 and STAT5 and facilitates FLT3 degradation through enhancing ubiquitination while ABL2 expression does not alter FLT3 stability or ubiquitination but partially suppresses FLT3 downstream signaling through the PI3K/AKT pathway. In contrast to the case of many kinases, we have found that the activation loop of FLT3 is not essential for its activation. Rather, we found that phosphorylated activation loop Y842 serves as a binding site of SHP2, which is required for FLT3induced activation of RAS/ERK pathway. Our results suggest that SLAP2 and ABL2 regulate FLT3 signaling and modulation of SLAP2 expression levels or targeting ABL2 could potentially synergize with FLT3 inhibitors to treat FLT3-ITD positive AML. Furthermore, Y842 is found to be critical for FLT3-mediated RAS/ERK signaling and cellular transformation. Using a panel of kinase inhibitors, we found ALK inhibitor AZD3463 selectively inhibited the activation and downstream signaling of FLT3-ITD and did not affect the wild-type FLT3 (FLT3-WT). These findings are interesting from a therapeutic point of view since FLT3-WT is essential for normal hematopoiesis process. Moreover, we showed that AZD3463 effectively overcame the secondary resistance to sorafenib in FLT3-ITD positive AML cells. Thus, this suggests that AZD3463 is a promising inhibitor to target FLT3-ITD positive AML. In conclusion, this thesis explores the mechanisms of regulating FLT3 signaling and therapeutic targeting opportunities.
Effect of Private Health Expenditure on Mortality Level in Kenya: A Linear Probability Model (LPM) Approach

The study is motivated by recognition that health of an individual is key to the development process. The Kenya Vision 2030 emphasises the need to adopt health care financing method that promotes good health. The main objective of this article is to estimate the effect of out-of-pocket (private) health expenditure on mortality level (health status) in Kenya. In the estimation of the impact of out-of-pocket health expenditure on mortality level, it emerges that the problem of endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity has to be addressed. The main source of data for the article is the household health expenditure and utilisation survey conducted jointly in 2008 by the Kenyan health ministries and the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. A causal link between out-ofpocket health expenditure and mortality controlling for other covariates such as land, education, age, gender and residence is studied taking into account the endogeneity of expenditure and heterogeneity of mortality. The estimation results indicate that the private (out-of-pocket) health expenditure is negatively and statistically correlated with mortality level. Therefore a percentage increase in the out-of-pocket health expenditure (a proxy for health inputs) is associated with a decrease in mortality level of 0.179 per cent. Hence private health expenditures mainly through out-of-pocket health expenditures have a major implication on health status of individuals particularly on their mortality probabilities. An important policy implication of the article is that government should make every effort to increase public health expenditure to reduce user charges for healthcare, which are a barrier to health service utilisation. Currently, user charges at health facilities in Kenya are quite high and unaffordable by the poor. There is a need for a public policy to address this issue. The article provides insights into how such a policy is designed; illustrating the effect it would have on health at the household level.
IMPACT OF REMITTANCES ON EXPENDITURES AND POVERTY AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL IN PAKISTAN

This study investigates the impact of remittances on level of expenditure and poverty at household level by using nationally representative household survey namely Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement survey (PSLM) for the year 2011-12. To handle the issue of potential endogeneity and selectively bias, Propensity Score Matching (PSM) technique is employed. PSM is best to construct counterfactual group to conduct comparison between the groups in which one group receives treatment while other doesn’t. Three types of remittances recipient household situations are considered i.e. internal, international and both. Empirical findings unveil that internal and international remittances are used in productive way. At mean, internal remittances reduce the probability of household to fall under the poverty line by 2.6% more than that of non-recipient households. Likewise, an increase in total and per capita annual expenditures of internal remittances recipient household is on average, Rs. 10,242 and Rs. 1695 respectively than that of households who do not receive such remittances. International remittances reduce the probability of household to fall under the poverty line 16.7% and an increase in total and per capita annual expenditures of international remittances recipient household is, on average, Rs. 78,102 and Rs. 17,779, respectively than that of non-recipient households. Considering both types of remittances simultaneously, insubstantial *The authors are respectively Associate Professor, Graduate Students and Lecturer at Department of Economics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha-Pakistan Corresponding author e-mail: dr.rehmatullah@uos.edu. pk 416 Pakistan Economic and Social Review and insignificant difference in level of expenditures and poverty status is captured. Thus, international remittances play greater role than internal remittances to bring change in level of expenditure and wellbeing.
Critical success factors of business process management : investigating the coverage of business process (management) maturity models

Business Process Management (BPM) aims to improve the quality of business processes by consolidating the concepts of modelling, reengineering, automation, management, and innovation. Tailoring multi-faceted BPM to specific contexts of organizations on the ground of fast-growing information technology is the challenge of the current decade. A considerable number of critical success factors (CSFs) for BPM has been proposed by various studies in the scientific literature to provide insight into the process of achieving BPM. However, only few of these studies propose guidelines/practices for addressing the CSFs. This study is intended to provide a state-of-the-art of CSFs of BPM by a systematic review of scientific literature and to investigate content coverage of business process maturity models as a potential enabler of realization of these CSFs. We searched the studies between the years 2000 and 2015 in established digital libraries and identified 14 CSF categories from 18 studies out of 242 studies retrieved initially. Following that, we searched for evidence on the existence of each CSF category in five maturity models, namely Business Process Management Capability Framework (BPM-CF), Business Process Orientation Maturity Model (BPO-MM), Business Process Orientation Maturity Framework (BPO-MF), Business Process Maturity Model (OMG-BPMM), and Process and Enterprise Maturity Model (PEMM). The findings from our investigation show that, despite the variance in degree of coverage of CSF categories by selected BPMMs, maturity models stand as a promising reference for organizations to start their BPM efforts.
EFFECT OF THE METAL LOADING DEGREE AND THE IMPREGNATION METHOD ON THE STRUCTURAL, TEXTURAL AND CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF CuNi/SBA-15 MATERIALS

CuNi/SBA-15 catalysts with different metal loadings (1, 2, 5 and 10 wt.%) and constant Cu:Ni weight ratio of 1:1 were prepared by wet impregnation (WI) and incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) of the SBA-15 silica support with the corresponding aqueous solutions of the metallic nitrate precursors. Structural, textural and catalytic properties of these samples are reported in the present study. According to the low-angle XRD patterns and nitrogen physisorption isotherms, all the CuNi/SBA-15 catalysts have highly ordered 2D hexagonal mesostructure while XRD at high angles revealed the formation of the specific phases of NiO and CuO with crystallites size slightly larger for the samples prepared by WI that those prepared by IWI. Liquid phase hydrogenation of trans-cinnamaldehyde was used to evaluate the catalytic properties of the bimetallic supported catalysts. Depending on the preparation method, differences between the catalytic behaviors of the two series of catalysts at the same metal loading degree were noticed, especially at low metal loadings. Improvements of the catalytic activity with the increasing of the metal loading from 1 to 5 wt. % were observed. Further increasing of the metal loading up to 10 wt. % did not considerably change the catalytic behavior Corresponding author; e-mail: bdragoi@tuiasi.ro 10 Constantin Rudolf et al. of the materials. Therefore, a loading degree of 5 wt. % in metals was found to be optimum value in relation to the dispersion of metal nanoparticles (NPs) as well as the activity and selectivity of the catalysts.
A Framework for Predicting Memory Errors with a Bayesian Model of Concept Generalization

“Similarity” is often thought to dictate memory errors. For example, in visual memory, memory judgements of lures are related to their psychophysical similarity to targets: an approximately exponential function in stimulus space (Schurgin et al. 2020). However, similarity is ill-defined for more complex stimuli, and memory errors seem to depend on all the remembered items, not just pairwise similarity. Such effects can be captured by a model that views similarity as a byproduct of Bayesian generalization (Tenenbaum & Griffiths, 2001). Here we ask whether the propensity of people to generalize from a set to an item predicts memory errors to that item. We use the “number game” generalization task to collect human judgements about set membership for symbolic numbers and show that memory errors for numbers are consistent with these generalization judgements rather than pairwise similarity. These results suggest that generalization propensity, rather than “similarity”, drives memory errors.
VORTEX DROP SHAFT STRUCTURES: STATE-OF-THE-ART AND FUTURE TRENDS

Vortex drop shaft structures have played a critical role in hydraulic engineering; from one of their first applications in hydroelectric energy dissipation in the 1940s, to numerous contemporary installations throughout modern day urban drainage infrastructure. They are known to convey flows up to 1400 m 3 /s through drop heights of 190 m and due to their small footprint, stable flow mechanics and enhanced energy dissipation, they are often considered to be the most successful form of hydraulic drop structure. There are several design questions on various aspects of vortex drop shaft structures that have not yet been addressed in the laboratory environment or at full-scale and moreover will require full appreciation by engineering practitioners in future years. This article summarizes over 75 years of research and development of vortex drop shafts including types of structure, applications, laboratory modelling techniques, physical modelling studies and recent advancements in multiphase numerical modelling. The article discusses the hydraulics of various types of vortex drop shaft structures such as the key design differences between subcritical and supercritical intakes, energy dissipation, and aeration and presents the insights gained from successful case study commercial projects. The outcomes of seminal research studies and projects are discussed in detail and areas that are deemed to require further research and development are highlighted.
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Authors: Bockenhauer, D and Bichet, DG Institutions: 1) UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children

Purpose of the review In nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), the kidney is unable to concentrate urine despite elevated concentrations of the antidiuretic hormone argininevasopressin. In congenital NDI, polyuria and polydipsia, are present from birth and should be immediately recognized to avoid severe episodes of dehydration. Unfortunately, NDI is still often recognized late after a “diagnostic odyssey” involving false leads and dangerous treatments. Once diagnosed, appropriate treatment can be started. Moreover, laboratory studies have identified promising new compounds, which may help achieve urinary concentration independent of vasopressin. Recent findings a) MAGED2 mutations caused X-linked polyhydramnios with prematurity and a severe but transient form of antenatal Bartter’s syndrome. We distinguish two types of hereditary NDI: a “pure” type with loss of water only and a complex type with loss of water and ions. Mutations in the AVPR2 or AQP2 genes, encoding the vasopressin V2 receptor and the water channel Aquaporin2, respectively, lead to a “pure” NDI with loss of water but normal conservation of ions. Mutations in genes that encode membrane proteins involved in sodium chloride reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle’s loop lead to Bartter syndrome, a complex polyuric-polydipsic disorder often presenting with polyhydramnios. A new variant of this was recently identified: Laghmani et al. described 7 families with transient antenatal Bartter’s syndrome, polyhydramnios and MAGED2 mutations. b) Multiple compounds have been identified experimentally that may stimulate urinary concentration independently of the vasopressin V2 receptor. These compounds may provide new treatments for patients with X-linked NDI.
Association of psychological status with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in men

The aim. Assessment of the initial psychological status of men with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and the study of its associations with the clinical course of the disease. Materials and methods. The study involved 54 men with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients had a dynamic complex clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination with an assessment of the psychological status according to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results. The evaluating of initial psychological status in patients with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, depressive states of varying severity were found in 47.05 % of patients, moderate state anxiety – in 74.51 % of patients, moderate trait anxiety – in 35.29 %. We revealed associations of the levels of anxiety and depression with the degree of bacterial excretion and the duration of the intensive phase of therapy. Conclusions. To assess the psychological status of patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, it is advisable to use the STAI and the BDI. Patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis in 100 % of cases have psychological status disorders with a predominance of moderate state anxiety and the absence of depressive disorders in only half of them. More expressed violations of the psychological status (anxiety, depression) identifies patients who are married and have a steady job. In patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, an increase in the severity of anxiety and depression is associated with more expressed bacterial excretion, decrease in body weight, greater frequency of destruction of lung tissue, prevalence of the tuberculosis process by more than 2 lung segments, decrease in the effectiveness of standard therapy and prolongation intensive phase of treatment.
A UNIFIED SYSTEM OF FB-SDES WITH LÉVY JUMPS AND DOUBLE COMPLETELY-S SKEW REFLECTIONS∗

We study the well-posedness of a unified system of coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FB-SDEs) with Lévy jumps and double completely-S skew reflections. Owing to the reflections, the solution to an embedded Skorohod problem may be not unique, i.e., bifurcations may occur at reflection boundaries and the well-known contraction mapping approach can not be extended directly to solve our problem. Thus, we develop a weak convergence method to prove the well-posedness of an adapted 6-tuple weak solution in the sense of distribution to the unified system. The proof heavily depends on newly established Malliavin calculus for vector-valued Lévy processes together with a generalized linear growth and Lipschitz condition that guarantees the well-posedness of the unified system even under a random environment. Nevertheless, if a stricter boundary condition is imposed, i.e., the spectral radii of each square submatrix at a corner of the reflections are strictly less than unity, a unique adapted 6-tuple strong solution (in the sense of sample paths) is considered. In addition, as applications and economic studies of our unified system, we also develop new techniques including deriving a generalized mutual information formula for signal processing over possible nonGaussian channels with multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antennas and dynamics driven by Lévy processes.
Sightings and Satellite Tracking of a Blue/Fin Whale Hybrid in its Wintering and Summering Ranges in the Eastern North Pacific

Jefferson Thomas A1*, Palacios Daniel M2, Calambokidis John3, Baker C. Scott2, Hayslip Craig E2, Jones Paul A4, Lagerquist Barbara A2, Jørgensen Morten5 and Schulman-Janiger Alisa6 1Clymene Enterprises, Lakeside, USA 2Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, USA 3Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, USA 4Searcher Natural History Tours, USA 5NozoMojo Tours and Arts, USA 6Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, USA
Research on the Influence of Investor Sentiment Based on Principal Component Analysis on Shanghai Composite Index

In recent years, great changes have taken place in Chinese financial market, and Chinese stock market has also experienced multiple bull and bear markets. Behind the sharp rise and fall of the stock market, the change of investor sentiment plays an important role. This paper uses principal component analysis to construct an investor sentiment index with the following six indexes: market turnover, market trading volume, number of IPOs, consumer confidence index, number of newly opened accounts and P/E ratio, and excludes the influence of three macroeconomic factors: consumer price index, producer price index and Chinese macroeconomic prosperity index. Then, based on the time series data of investor sentiment and the closing price of Shanghai Composite Index, this paper builds a linear regression model for analysis, and finds that the former has a significant positive impact on the latter. Finally, on this basis, this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations.