Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HOMEOBOX PROTEIN52 Mediates the Crosstalk between Ethylene and Auxin Signaling during Primary Root Elongation by Modulating Auxin Transport-Related Gene Expression

The transcription factor HB52 acts as an important node in the crosstalk between ethylene and auxin signaling by modulating the expression of auxin transport genes downstream of ethylene signaling. The gaseous hormone ethylene participates in many physiological processes in plants. Ethylene-inhibited root elongation involves PIN-FORMED2 (PIN2)-mediated basipetal auxin transport, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of PIN2 function by ethylene (and therefore auxin distribution) are poorly understood. Here, we report that the plant-specific and ethylene-responsive HD-Zip gene HB52 is involved in ethylene-mediated inhibition of primary root elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochemical and genetic analyses demonstrated that HB52 is ethylene responsive and acts downstream of ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3). HB52 knockdown mutants displayed an ethylene-insensitive phenotype during primary root elongation, while its overexpression resulted in short roots, as observed in ethylene-treated plants. In addition, root auxin distribution and gravitropism were impaired in HB52 knockdown and overexpression lines. Consistent with these findings, in vitro and in vivo binding experiments showed that HB52 regulates the expression of auxin transport-related genes, including PIN2, WAVY ROOT GROWTH1 (WAG1), and WAG2 by physically binding to their promoter regions. These findings suggest that HB52 functions in the ethylene-mediated inhibition of root elongation by modulating the expression of auxin transport components downstream of EIN3, revealing a mechanism in which HB52 acts as an important node in the crosstalk between ethylene and auxin signaling during plant growth and development.
ANGLABHARTI: a multilingual machine aided translation project on translation from English to Indian languages

An English to Indian languages machine aided translation system, named ANGLABHARTI, has been developed. It uses pattern directed approach using context free grammar like structures. A 'pseudo-target' is generated which is applicable to a group of Indian languages. Set of rules are acquired through corpus analysis to identify the plausible constituents with respect to which movement rules for the 'pseudo-target' are constructed. A number of semantic tags are used to resolve sense ambiguity in the source language. Alternative meanings for the unresolved ambiguities are retained in the pseudo target language code. A text generator module for each of the target languages transforms the pseudo target language to the target language. A corrector for ill-formed sentences is used for each of the target languages. Finally, a human-engineered post-editing package is used to make the final corrections. The post-editor needs to know only the target language. The strategy used in ANGLABHARTI lies in between the transfer and the interlingua approach. It is better than the transfer approach, as the translation is valid for a host of target language sentences, but falls short of genuine interlingua, in the sense that it ignores complete disambiguation/understanding of the text to be translated.
Incidence and Clearance of Anal High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infections and Their Determinants Over 5 Years Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-negative Men Who Have Sex With Men.

BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the incidence and clearance of anal high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infections and determinants thereof among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) over a period of up to 5 years. METHODS From 2010 to 2015, HIV-negative MSM were followed every 6 months. Anal self-swabs were collected at inclusion and every 6 months thereafter, and were HPV genotyped using the SPF10-PCR DEIA/LiPA25-system-v1. Incidence rates (IRs) and clearance rates (CRs) of incident anal hrHPV infections were assessed by hrHPV type (types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58). Determinants of transitions between uninfected and infected states were assessed by hrHPV type using a time-homogenous multi-state Markov model. RESULTS This study included 713 HIV-negative MSM, with a median age of 37 years (interquartile range [IQR] 31-43) and a median number of study visits of 6 (IQR 2-7). The IRs of anal infections had a median of 5.2 per 100 person-years (range: 2.2-7.9) across types, with HPV16 having the highest IR. The CRs of incident anal hrHPV infections had a median of 53.7 per 100 person-years (range: 33.4-65.3) across types, with HPV16 having the lowest CR. Having had over 100 lifetime sex partners was significantly associated with incident anal hrHPV infections in multivariable analyses. CONCLUSIONS The high incidence and low clearance rates of anal HPV16 infection, compared to other hrHPV types, is consistent with HPV16 being implicated in the large majority of anal cancer cases.
Effects of cyclin-dependent kinase activity on the coordination of growth and the cell cycle in green algae at different temperatures

The progression of the cell cycle in green algae dividing by multiple fission is, under otherwise unlimited conditions, affected by the growth rate, set by a combination of light intensity and temperature. In this study, we compared the cell cycle characteristics of Desmodesmus quadricauda at 20 °C or 30 °C and upon shifts between these two temperatures. The duration of the cell cycle in cells grown under continuous illumination at 20 °C was more than double that at 30 °C, suggesting that it was set directly by the growth rate. Similarly, the amounts of DNA, RNA, and bulk protein content per cell at 20 °C were approximately double those of cells grown at the higher temperature. For the shift experiments, cells grown at either 20 °C or 30 °C were transferred to darkness to prevent further growth, and then cultivated at the same or the other temperature. Upon transfer to the lower temperature, fewer nuclei and daughter cells were produced, and not all cells were able to finish the cell cycle by division, remaining multinuclear. Correspondingly, cells placed in the dark at the higher temperature divided faster into more daughter cells than the control cells. These differences correlated with shifts in the preceding cyclin-dependent kinase activity, suggesting that cell cycle progression was not related to growth rate or cell biomass but correlated with cyclin-dependent kinase activity.
RECENT ADVANCES IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING

As interest grows rapidly in industry on the potentialities of mathematical programming techniques, it appears worthwhile to have a paper devoted to some of the more promising developments which may speed up the transition from interest to use. Three topics have been selected (in three sections that follow) which have recently come into prominence: uncertainty, combinatorial problems, and large scale systems. The reader will find in the course of their discussions that a survey—though perhaps not a systematic survey—has been made of current techniques in the linear programming field.
An episodal neural-net computing approach to the detection and interpretation of underwater acoustic transients

Acoustic transients develop and fade away continually in ocean environments. Accordingly, detection and interpretation of these are complicated by the fact that detection and classification cannot be made on the basis of temporal snapshots alone. Interpretation of transients must rest on the processing and classification of entire episodes of such continuing signals. The authors describe experiments in the design and implementation of such an episodal associative classifier which makes concurrent use of neural network self-organization and supervised learning methodologies. This system has no difficulty classifying signals from within test data sets and is also fast, robust, adaptive, and well suited for a wide range of sequence lengths. <<ETX>>
Power system modelling and sparse matrix operations using object-oriented programming

This paper reports on power system modelling and sparse matrix operations using object-oriented programming (OOP). It has been claimed that OOP leads to more flexible, modular and reusable code, and that programs can be written more generally. The main focus of the paper is OOP design principles and practical implementations for power systems. Specific examples included demonstration of a power system model design, particularly focusing on OOP mechanisms and object-oriented style of programming. Also demonstrated, using OOP, are tailor-made sparse matrix storage schemes and operations. Numerical tests indicate that the proposed design is efficient compared to standard numerical library routines, and that the particular OOP features that are used to obtain flexibility etc. do not significantly increase computation time. >
Evaluating Coverage for Large Symbolic NLG Grammars

After many successes, statistical approaches that have been popular in the parsing community are now making headway into Natural Language Generation (NLG). These systems are aimed mainly at surface realization, and promise the same advantages that make statistics valuable for parsing: robustness, wide coverage and domain independence. A recent experiment aimed to empirically verify the linguistic coverage for such a statistical surface realization component by generating transformed sentences from the Penn TreeBank corpus. This article presents the empirical results of a similar experiment to evaluate the coverage of a purely symbolic surface realizer. We present the problems facing a symbolic approach on the same task, describe the results of its evaluation, and contrast them with the results of the statistical method to help quantitatively determine the level of coverage currently obtained by NLG surface realizers.
Towards a knowledge‐based view of firm innovation. Theory and empirical research

Purpose – The purpose of this guest editorial is to highlight the importance of knowledge management and organizational learning in firm innovation, offering an integrative framework to understand this complex business phenomenon.Design/methodology/approach – Based on the literature review, the guest editorial shows a general review on “A Knowledge‐Based View of Firm Innovation” articulating and integrating a total number of ten theoretical and empirical contributions about this topic.Findings – Theoretical and empirical works are organized in three main topics. The first one refers to the importance of external knowledge, networking, and relationships as key drivers of firm technological innovation, offering an “open or relational innovation framework”. The second one shows several papers on the growing importance of KIBS (Knowledge‐Intensive Business Services) in a Knowledge Economy and Society. Finally, this general review integrates papers about organizational context, and its role on knowledge manage.
An analytic model for agent systems with petri nets

The agent system specification, the agent system implementation and the agent system verification are three essential issues to build an agent system. Many works have been done for the first two issues in recent years. However, as a result of a lack in formal agent modeling techniques, little effort has been made to address the verification issue, which impedes the agent technique a smooth transition from the research lab to the desk of everyday computer engineers. Motivated by this fact and its significance, it is our objective in this dissertation to establish a systematic method for modeling and analysis of agent systems. An approach to combine the agent belief-desire-intention (BDI) theory and the Petri net transducer (PNT) theory is proposed. The resulting belief-planner-actuator model specifies individual behaviors of agents successfully and bridges the gap among belief, desire and intention of agents seamlessly. A set of agent communication protocols is developed to specify the agent social behavior. Theorems on analyzing the Petri Net underlying those protocols are proposed and proved. Based upon the proposed communication protocols, three agent social behavior models are proposed here: direct coordination, meeting-oriented coordination and blackboard-based coordination. To further exploits the power of the agent communication protocols, a framework to model the mobility of agents is proposed. The framework includes a set of stationary agents (SA) and mobile agents (MA). The agent learning ability is modeled based upon the probabilistic Petri net transducer theory. The individual agent learning behavior is then extended to multiple-agent systems, where the game theory and the agent learning model are combined to achieve a number of agent interaction strategies. These strategies include: self-interested learning, complete cooperative learning, bargaining learning and coordinated learning. Several simulation studies have been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed agent model. This model is further evaluated through its application to the WAVES (web based audio video educational systems) project and the results have indicated that the proposed method is ideal in analysis of agent systems.
Analysis of Multi Resolution Image Denoising Scheme using Fractal Transform

For communication and storage efficiency, image data should be substantially Compressed. The compression ratio is limited by noise, which degrades the correlation between pixels. Noise can occur during image capture, transmission or processing, and may be dependent on or independent of image content. This work proposes a novel algorithm which reduces noise in colour images. Simulation results proved that 86% efficiency has been achieved, while considering 415 pixels.
A novel semantic level text classification by combining NLP and Thesaurus concepts

Text categorization (also known as text classification or topic spotting) is the task of automatically sorting a set of documents into categories from a predefined set. Automated text classification is attractive because it frees organizations from the need of manually organizing document bases, but it can be too expensive or simply not feasible given the time constraints of the application or the number of documents involved. In the previous approaches only the Wikipedia concepts related to terms in syntactic level are used to represent document in semantic level. This paper proposes a new approach to represent semantic level with the use of Word Net. The semantic weight of terms related to the concepts from Wikipedia and Word Net are used to represent semantic information. The semantic vector space model of terms by combining the Word Net and Wikipedia is being further improved the classification accuracy of the Text classification. Because of, two different concept extractor are gives the concepts related to the terms in the syntactic level o find the better concept vector space for documents. So we obtain the improved classification by using this approach. In this study the classification framework are presented. In classification framework, the primary information is effectively kept and the noise is reduced by compressing the original information, so that this framework can guarantee the quality of the input of all classifiers. This proposed method can help to further improve the performance of classification framework by introducing Wikipedia with Word Net. We find that the proposed
The evolution of neural network controllers for the targeted swing of cockroach-like robot

In this work, agents are evolved to control the locomotion of legged robots. The work has been done on a 5-DOF simulated cockroach robot leg powered by artificial muscles known as braided pneumatic actuators. The problem was addressed in making a targeted swing movement from a number of possible initial leg configurations. The agents are evolved to successfully compensate for these differences and navigate obstacles in a robust swing.
Events as a structuring device in biographical mark‐up and metadata

Michael Buckland is co-director of the Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative, University of California, Berkeley. He can be reached by email at buckland<at>ischool.berkeley.edu. Michele Ramos is a research assistant at the Initiative. She can be reached by email at michelerenee@berkeley.edu. T here is little structure or best practice in the concise biographical texts found in biographical dictionaries andWho’s Who volumes. This paper is a progress report on an investigation of using events as a structuring device for mark-up and metadata structures in biographical texts as part of a project entitled Bringing Lives to Light: Biography in Context [1]. The idea is that anyone’s life can be usefully decomposed into events at any desired level of granularity and that each event could be described as a 4-tuple of the four facets what, where, when and who.
Integrated control, diagnosis and reconfiguration of a heat exchanger

Heat exchangers play an important role in chemical and process industries. In order to improve reliability and control performance, intelligent concepts for control, supervision and reconfiguration are necessary. In this paper, an approach is presented which integrates model-based adaptive control and reconfiguration based on fault detection/diagnosis applied to a heat exchanger plant. The adaptive controller and the fault detection scheme are based on a fuzzy model of the process (Takagi-Sugeno type) and the fault diagnosis is performed using a self-organizing fuzzy structure.
Community-Based Services to Improve Testing and Linkage to Care Among Non–U.S.-Born Persons with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection — Three U.S. Programs, October 2014–September 2017

Among an estimated 850,000 to 2.2 million persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the United States, 70% are non-U.S.-born (1,2). All patients require linkage to care, and approximately 20%-40% require antiviral treatment (3). Without treatment, one in four persons chronically infected with HBV will die prematurely from liver failure, liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma (4). To mitigate morbidity and mortality, CDC funded a cooperative agreement to develop hepatitis B testing and linkage-to-care programs serving non-U.S.-born persons during October 2014-September 2017. This report describes each program's operational services and partnerships with primary care centers, community-based organizations, and public health departments to recruit non-U.S.-born persons for HBV testing using the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and link those whose test results were positive to HBV-directed care (medical visit attendance with monitoring of HBV DNA and liver enzyme tests). Among 10,152 program participants, 757 (7.5%) were HBsAg-positive, indicative of chronic HBV infection; among these, 643 (85%) attended ≥1 medical visit, 587 (78%) received HBV-directed care, and 137 (18%) were prescribed antiviral treatment. Among 273 household contacts of HBsAg-positive persons, 39 (14%) had positive test results for HBsAg. Prevalence of current HBV infection was high in this non-U.S.-born population and among household and sexual contacts of HBV-infected persons. HBV testing and linkage to care can be achieved through partnerships with community organizations, health centers, and public health departments.
Optimal capacity and buffer size estimation under Generalized Markov Fluids Models and QoS parameters

Quality of service (QoS) for internet traffic management requires good traffic models and good estimation of sharing network resource. A link of a network processes all traffic and it is designed with certain capacity C and buffer size B. A Generalized Markov Fluid model (GMFM), introduced by Marrón (2011), is assumed for the sources because describes in a versatile way the traffic, allows estimation based on traffic traces, and also consistent effective bandwidth estimation can be done. QoS, interpreted as buffer overflow probability, can be estimated for GMFM through the effective bandwidth estimation and solving the optimization problem presented in Courcoubetis (2002), the so call inf-sup formulas. In this work we implement a code to solve the inf-sup problem and other optimization related with it, that allow us to do traffic engineering in links of data networks to calculate both, minimum capacity required when QoS and buffer size are given or minimum buffer size required when QoS and capacity are given.
Bandwidth protection in MPLS networks using p-cycle structure

This paper addresses the routing of backup tunnels with bandwidth guarantee in MPLS networks. Backup tunnels implemented by the packet layer in MPLS are seen as a useful alternative (or addition) to the schemes offered by a SONET/SDH layer in particular for providing protection for real time packet services such as voice over IP. Many schemes have been proposed, working with MPLS, to provide the switching architecture for backup tunnels. However, the routing of the tunnels in these schemes is not clearly defined and hence the motivation for this work. This paper investigates the use of the p-cycle scheme to route the bandwidth-guaranteed backup tunnels, a scheme that was originally devised for optical transport networks and IP/MPLS networks as well. We demonstrate that the problem (as for all but trivial p-cycle schemes) is too large to solve optimally and propose a relaxation method that pre-selects candidate cycles that are likely to provide a good solution. Furthermore, we show that working load distributions can significantly affect the performance of a p-cycle scheme and compare two routing algorithms to show how good distribution of working load can help increase the efficiency of the system.
Design and Kinematic Analysis of a New End-Effector for a Robotic Needle Insertion-Type Intervention System

This paper presents a new end-effector as a key component for a robotic needle insertion-type intervention system and its kinematic analysis. The mechanism is designed as a spherical mechanism with a revolute joint and a curved sliding joint, and its links always move on the surface of a sphere. The remote centre of motion (RCM) of the designed mechanism is placed below the base of the mechanism to avoid contact with the patient's body, unlike the conventional end-effectors developed for needle insertion. For the proposed mechanism, the forward kinematics are solved in terms of input joint parameters and then the reverse kinematics are solved by using the cross-product relationship between each joint vector and a vector mutually perpendicular to the vectors. The kinematic solutions are confirmed by numerical examples.
A shadowing model for prediction of coverage in fixed terrestrial wireless systems

A model for the prediction of millimetre-wave propagation in suburban areas is presented. This model has been developed for the purpose of investigating coverage with broadband terrestrial fixed wireless systems such as local multipoint distribution service (LMDS). The results of a comparison with field measurements conducted at 28 GHz are presented. In addition, the model is used to predict the coverage enhancement resulting from the use of non-regenerative, on-channel repeaters.
Rapid Calculation Of Terrain Parameters For Radiation Modeling From Digital Elevation Data

Digital elevation models are now widely used to calculate terrain parameters to determine incoming solar and longwave radiation for use in surface climate models, interpretation of remote-sensing data, and parameters in hydrologic models. Because of the large number of points in an elevation grid, fast algorithms are useful to save computation time. A description is given of rapid methods for calculating slope and azimuth, solar illumination angle, horizons, and view factors for radiation from sky and terrain. Calculation time is reduced by fast algorithms and lookup tables.