Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trust and Decision Making in Turing's Imitation Game

Trust is an expected certainty in order to transact confidently. However, how accurate is our decision-making in human-machine interaction? In this chapter, the present evidence from experimental conditions in which human interrogators used their judgement of what constitutes a satisfactory response trusting a hidden interlocutor was human when it was actually a machine. A simultaneous comparison Turing test is presented with conversation between a human judge and two hidden entities during Turing100 at Bletchley Park, UK. Results of post-test conversational analysis by the audience at Turing Education Day show more than 30% made the same identification errors as the Turing test judge. Trust is found to be misplaced in subjective certainty that could lead to susceptibility to deception in cyberspace.
Parametric Investigation Of Different Modulation Techniques On Free Space Optical Systems

Free Space Optics systems (FSO) is one of the evolving wireless technologies. FSO is the only technology with highest data rates in wireless mode of operation but it suffers from bad weather conditions. In this work, analysis is carried out on FSO system having certain parameters constant using different modulation formats (i.e. RZ, NRZ, MDRZ, MODB and CSRZ). Impact of data rate, link range, input power and attenuation factor has been computed. Weather conditions are supposed to be nearly clear and suitable for FSO communication while taking attenuation factor up to 10dB/Km. Q-factor, received signal power and BER is calculated in all scenarios for obtaining an estimate of system performance. Results have shown that NRZ & RZ formats are in the lead until now with highest Q values.
First report of collapsing variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis triggered by arbovirus: dengue and Zika virus infection

Abstract Background The collapsing variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the most aggressive form of FSGS and is characterized by at least one glomerulus with segmental or global collapse and overlying podocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Viruses can act as aetiological agents of secondary FSGS. This study aims to establish an aetiological link between dengue virus (DENV) infection and the collapsing variant of FSGS and to analyse possible influences of the apolipoprotein 1 (APOL1) gene risk alleles on the disease. Methods Biopsies and medical records were gathered from 700 patients of the Instituto de Nefropatologia, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Screening for the collapsing variant of FSGS was performed and serological, immunohistochemical, tissue polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genetic analysis were conducted. Results Eight patients were identified with positive DENV serology and negative serological and/or tissue markers for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, Epstein–Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus and parvovirus B19. In PCR analysis, six patients had positive markers for DENV strain genetic material, one patient had positive markers for co-infection of Zika virus (ZIKV) and DENV and one patient had positive markers only for ZIKV infection. Six of the eight patients did not show risk alleles of the APOL1 gene. One patient had only one risk allele (G1) and the sample from another did not contain enough DNA for genetic analysis to be performed. Conclusions This study provided strong evidence that DENV can infect renal tissue and possibly functions as a second hit to the development of the collapsing variant of FSGS. Nonetheless, this study also highlights the possible implication of ZIKV infection in FSGS and supports the argument that risk alleles of the APOL1 gene may not be implicated in the susceptibility to FSGS in these patients.
Museum foodservice offers - experience design dimensions.

This study centred upon a redesign project by a museum and art gallery in the South Coast of England. The supposed ‘secondary’ museum/gallery provision of the cafe and/or restaurant, under study, was found to be a valuable integral element of the visit experience of such institutions, partly by providing ‘blank canvas’ and ‘resting’ space elements in support of central visit motivations. The design and mix of the space elements was found to be crucial in providing the complete desired visit experience of which cafes proved to be a significant part. Cafes – in their products, ambient design and service orientation – were found to be able to significantly contribute to essential visit experience dimensions, giving contrasting, catalytic, additional or synergistic benefits. According to the author's space typology matrix, cafes are one of the key elements that can significantly contribute to essential ‘cool’ space for museums and galleries if designed appropriately.
Masking covariance for common spatial pattern as feature extraction

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) requires accurate and reliable discrimination of EEG’s features. One of the most common method used in feature extraction for BCI is a common spatial pattern (CSP). CSP is a technique to distinguish two opposite features by computing the spatial pattern of the measured EEG channels. The existing CSP is known to be prone to the over-fitting problem. Covariance estimation is an important process in obtaining spatial pattern using CSP. The empirical covariance estimation ignores the spurious information between channels of EEG device. This may cause inaccurate covariance estimation, which results to lower accuracy performance. In this study, a masking covariance matrix is introduced based on the functionality of brain region. The addition of masking covariance is to improve the performance of CSP. Features obtained through features extraction is then used as the input to Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Comparisons between features of conventional CSP and with the addition of masking covariance are visually observed using the collected EEG signals using EMOTIV. The performance accuracy of the proposed technique has offered slight improvement from 0.5 to 0.5567. The obtained results are then discussed and analyzed in this study. Therefore, by introducing masking covariance matrix, the performance of the existing CSP algorithm can be improved.
Video browsing and soundtrack labelling based on human computation

Video and audio are becoming dominant media in our lives. In a time when we witness the convergence of media, it is pertinent the creation of new and richer ways for content-based access and visualization of videos. Collections of video require new search mechanisms which will benefit from new classification techniques and automatic analysis of video and audio content and relationships among them. Video is a very rich medium combining image and sound, thus providing huge amounts of information. However, this richness that makes video and audio based information spaces so interesting comes with a challenging complexity to handle. The exploration of new visualization methods related to video and movies at the movie space level down to the each movie itself, including representations along time of the videos’ content or the time of their releases or viewing, allow pattern and trend analysis and movie browsing. The exploration of new visualization methods may enhance video and movies perception and navigation at the movie space and the individual movie levels. Representations along time of the videos’ content in their different perspectives (sound, subtitles, image, etc.) or the time of their releases or viewing, allow identifying and analysing use and content patterns and relations, for a richer understanding and access in movie browsing. Game elements, in turn, can help in this often challenging process, e.g. in the audio, to obtain user feedback to improve the efficacy of classification, while maintaining or improving the entertaining quality of the user experience. This dissertation’s project aims to improve the area of visualization and information retrieval of audio and video, by adopting a Human Computation approach through a Game With A Purpose to entertain and engage users in movies soundtrack browsing and labelling to collect data that also improve our content-based sound classification techniques. SoundsLike is integrated in MovieClouds, an interactive web application designed to access, explore and visualize movies based on the information conveyed in the different tracks or perspectives of its content.
Why Literary Time is Measured in Minutes

<341> Seventeen years ago, in an essay titled “Formalism and Time,” Catherine Gallagher argued that critics are bad at understanding narrative form as something that takes time.1 Instead we try to convert narrative into a timeless structure, or condense stories into a few scenes that convey the meaning of the whole. Whether it’s Jane Eyre walking back and forth on the third story of Thornfield, or Gabriel Conroy watching the snow fall outside his window, we understand fiction by identifying moments of heightened significance. These could be epiphanies or anticlimaxes. In Gallagher’s view the value of these scenes depends less on their specific content than on their rhetorical function, which is to reconcile time with timelessness. She sees critical tradition as deeply shaped by Walter Pater’s dream of cheating death by embracing ephemerality in the form of a single “hard gem-like” moment that, paradoxically, becomes eternal.2 A moving aspiration, but also, according to Gallagher, a way of undervaluing the dailiness of life, and long Victorian novels. This would be an interesting argument under any circumstances, but it’s a particularly remarkable thing for Gallagher to have written in the year 2000, when she was also collaborating with Stephen Greenblatt on a theoretical defense of New Historicism. After all, the New Historicist critic does for historical time exactly what Gallagher’s Paterian critic does for narrative—that is, condense it into a brief scene (an anecdote) that
Maze Exploration Algorithm for Small Mobile Platforms

Abstract An algorithm that enables efficient maze exploration is presented in the paper. The algorithm involves two phases: first the whole maze is explored in an ordered way and then, the shortest possible way out is determined. The algorithm has been derived in a way that combines main advantages of the two known labirynth-exploration algorithms: “Wall follower” and “Trémaux’s algorithm”. The algorithm has been tested using an autonomous vehicle, controlled by Arduino UNO, with two DC engines, ultrasonic sensors and gyroscope. It has been shown that the proposed approach provides a few crucial advantages with respect to already known solutions.
Definition of Recipe Terms and Corpus Annotation for their Automatic Recognition

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A first prototype of PyACTS

The ACTS Collection is a set of software tools that help developers or programmers write high performance parallel codes for their scientific applications. PyACTS is a Python-based interface to some of the tools in the ACTS Collection. The main purpose of developing PyACTS is to provide a uniform easy-to-use external interface to existing ACTS tools,and support ACTS users to rapidly prototype their codes with the tools. In particular, for users who are new to ACTS, they will find PyACTS helpful to test and try the functionality available in the collection. Further, this training will allow users to acquire the necessary experience to develop their own applications. In the current development phase of PyACTS, part of the ScaLAPACK subroutines are being made available. This report illustrates how we develop the idea of wrapping the ACTS Collection with a high level scripting language, like Python, and a status of the development of the Python front-end interface and future plans.
Comparative Study between Fibro-Test and Egy-Score as Non-Invasive Markers for Assessment of Hepatic Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C

Backgound: Liver fibrosis (LF) occurs in response to almost all causes of chronic liver injury. Assessing LF is important for both predicting disease progression and monitoring efficacy of therapeutic measures. Most noninvasive tests of liver fibrosis were developed with the aim of discriminating between “insignificant”, (F0-F1) by METAVIR and clinically “significant” fibrosis (≥ F2) by METAVIR or for identifying or excluding established cirrhosis in patients with well compensated chronic liver disease. Both these aims are clinically the most relevant. Aim: We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of FibroTest and Egy-Score as predictors of stage of hepatic fibrosis in a prospectively enrolled cohort of Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C. Patients and Methodlogy: Twenty patients, treatment naive chronic hepatitis C patients were enrolled. They were 16 males (80%) and 4 females (20%) mean age of these patients was 53.55 +14.3 (rang 18_73 years). The study was carried out in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Elhussin hospital, Al-Azhar University during the period between March 2016 and March 2018. Results: Our results showed a highly significant positive correlation between stage of hepatic fibrosis by METAVIR and fibrotest. Our results showed a highly significant positive correlation between stage of hepatic fibrosis by METAVIR and EGY-SCOR. Our scores depend mainly on simple routinely used laboratory parameters (total bilirubin, albumin, platelet count) in addition to age and 2 non routine tests (CA 19-9 and Alpha-2-Macroglobulin). Although this panel needs to be done in validated laboratories, the cost of our score is much cheaper than other well-known and patented tests such as FibroTest and the net results of both methods nearly the same. Conclusion: Egy-Score can be applied easily in clinical practice to exclude severe hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis in patients with contraindication for liver biopsy or those who are reluctant to do it. Egy-score would need further valida‌tion to be regarded as an alternative to liver biopsy. Recommendations: Physician should be careful when interpreting elevated levels of tu‌mor markers CA 19-9 and CA 125 in patients with chronic liver disease as this could be a benign elevation related to hepatic fibrosis and not necessarily due to underlying malignancies. Elevation of the tumor markers such as CA19.9 have been associated with cholestasis in liver disease patients and this may give false positive results for our scores which give Limitations to our study.
Off-Line Arabic Handwriting Recognition system based on concavity features and HMM classifier

In this paper we present a novel segmentation-free Arabic handwriting recognition system based on hidden Markov model (HMM). The proposed system first pre-processes the input image. The input image is then decomposed into several images representing the vertical, horizontal, left diagonal and right diagonal edges in the image. A set of robust features representing the densities of the foreground pixels in the various edge images is extracted using sliding windows. The proposed system builds character HMM models and learns word HMM models using embedded training. The performance of the proposed system is very promising compared with other Arabic handwriting recognition systems available in the literature. The contribution of this work is the novel feature extraction technique.
Many Faces of a Tree

Tree based models represent an appealing alternative to other commonly used methods for classification and regression tasks. Beside their statistical properties one of the most valued features of tree models is the straight-forward interpretability. Treemodels can be often easily communicated to the data set owner who may have less profound statistical knowledge. In order to properly analyze and interpret a tree model, it is important to look at the model from different views and consider the underlying data. In this paper we will present several ways of looking at a tree model, some of them less known. Unfortunately most software tools used for tree model building lack the features necessary for visualization and deeper analysis of the models. In this paper we will also briefly illustrate how our research software, KLIMT (Klassification Interactive Methods for Trees), can be used for interactive graphical analysis of trees using these extended visualization methods.
A Double-Arbiter Time-Sliced Tasks Scheduling Algorithm for Reconfigurable System

In reconfigurable systems,two-dimensional layout model has a higher degree of freedom than the one-dimensional one.However,higher resource utilization rate is obtained at the cost of more complex resource management and task scheduling algorithms,which not only makes the scheduling process more complicated but also affects the real-time performance by causing higher time overhead.To address this issue,considering both the performance and the algorithm complexity,a double-arbiter time sliced tasks scheduling algorithm(DATS)based on 2D devices for reconfigurable system is presented.Two arbiters are applied to manage the hardware resources and to dynamically determine the placement of the current task under the space and time constraints.The task scheduling model diagram for DATS is designed.Using the task scheduling model diagram,the scheduling process can be separated from the placement process,making the task scheduling process and the placement process independent from to each other,which simplifies the entire process to a large scale.The time complexity of DATS scheduling is O(N),and the layout time complexity is O(E),where Nis the total number of tasks to be scheduled,and E(N)is the number of the tasks being executed in the logical device.Experiment results show that the DATS realizes a task scheduling success rate 1%~2% higher than the Stuffing algorithm under the low-load condition,and maintains 80%~85% resource utilization under the heavy-load condition.DATS achieves performance equivalent to that of the algorithms of O(N2) complexity with much lower time overhead,and is therefore more suitable for task scheduling in the realtime environment.
A new telescope control software for the Mayall 4-meter telescope

The Mayall 4-meter telescope recently went through a major modernization of its telescope control system in preparation for DESI. We describe MPK (Mayall Pointing Kernel), our new software for telescope control. MPK outputs a 20Hz position-based trajectory with a velocity component, which feeds into Mayall’s new servo system over a socket. We wrote a simple yet realistic servo simulator that let us develop MPK mostly without access to real hardware, and also lets us provide other teams with a Mayall simulator as test bed for development of new instruments. MPK has a small core comprised of prioritized, soft real-time threads. Access to the core’s services is via MPK’s main thread, a complete, interactive Tcl/Tk shell, which gives us the power and flexibility of a scripting language to add any other features, from GUIs, to modules for interaction with critical subsystems like dome or guider, to an API for networked clients of a new instrument (e.g., DESI). MPK is designed for long term maintainability: it runs on a stock computer and Linux OS, and uses only standard, open source libraries, except for commercial software that comes with source code in ANSI C/C++. We discuss the technical details of how MPK combines the Reflexxes motion library with the TCSpk/TPK pointing library to generically handle any motion requests, from slews to offsets to sidereal or non-sidereal tracking. We show how MPK calculates when the servos have reached a steady state. We also discuss our TPOINT modeling strategy and report performance results.
Linking Industrial Hazards and Social Inequalities: Environmental Injustice in Gujarat, India

Industrial development in India has rarely been studied through the perspective of environmental justice (EJ) such that the association between industrial development and significant economic and social inequalities remains to be examined. Our article addresses this gap by focusing on Gujarat in western India, a leading industrial state that exemplifies the designation of India as an "emerging economy. " We link the geographic concentration of industrial facilities classified as major accident hazard (MAH) units, further subdivided by size (large or medium/small) and ownership (public or private), to the socio-demographic composition of the population at the subdistrict (taluka) level. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) are used to analyze statistical associations between MAH unit density and explanatory variables related to the economic and social status of the residential population at the subdistrict level. Our results indicate a significant relationship between presence of socially disadvantaged populations (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) and density of all types of MAH units, except those associated with the public sector. Higher urbanization and lower home ownership are also found to be strong predictors of MAH unit density. Overall, our article represents an important step towards understanding the complexities of environmental inequalities stemming from Gujarat's industrial economy.
The Therapy ‘Pill’: Achieving Treatment Dose Within a Rehabilitation Trial

Abstract Background: Developing high quality clinical trials within rehabilitation research is achievable and should be pursued wherever possible. One of the greatest challenges rehabilitation trialists face is defining experimental and control interventions and ensuring that the intervention dose is delivered as planned. Aim: We describe procedures employed within a pilot randomised controlled trial of a rehabilitation intervention to monitor therapy dose. Method: The trial setting was two acute stroke units in large teaching hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. The design was a randomised controlled trial of very early mobilisation (commenced within 24 hours of stroke onset) plus standard care (VEM) versus standard care alone. Assessors were blinded to group and analysis was intention to treat. All therapy data (both intervention and control) were acquired using personal digital assistants. Monitoring of therapy dose and feedback to trial staff was given 6 months into the trial by a researcher independent of the trial team. Results: Before feedback, therapists were barely meeting intervention protocol minimum targets. Following feedback, compliance with trial protocol was achieved. Conclusion: Monitoring of the therapy dose within a clinical trial is important to achieve trial quality. This article shows how monitoring including feedback leads to improved delivery of the therapy ‘pill’.