Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequence elimination in hybrid offspring of wheat-Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn introgression line Pubing3504 × common wheat cultivar Jing4839

Sequence elimination is one of main reasons for homologous chromosome differentiation in common wheat. Sequence elimination can occur in genome-specific sequences, chromosome-specific sequences, and repeat sequences in the wheat genome. Genetic polymorphism loci in chromosome-specific sequences can be used to develop molecular markers including simple sequence repeats (SSRs), insertions and deletions, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Pubing3504 is a wheat-Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn introgression line, and Jing4839 is a common wheat cultivar. Assessment of their recombinant inbred line (RIL) population using 120 pairs of SSR markers covering all wheat chromosomes indicated that sequence elimination occurred at the short arm of chromosome 1A (1AS). We developed 13 pairs of new co-dominant SSR markers and constructed a genetic linkage map of 1AS; we found that the segment with sequence elimination is from SSR110 to the end of 1AS. We further developed 10 pairs of dominant SNP markers of Pubing3504, 10 pairs of dominant SNP markers of Jing4839, and 10 pairs of primers designed in SNP flanking sequences to assess RILs. We found that all chromosome segments with sequence elimination came from Jing4839. The sequence elimination occurred in SSR loci, SNP loci, and coding sequences. There was no homologous recombination in the chromosome segment with sequence elimination. We suggest that sequence elimination causes the differentiation of chromosomes and the chromosome differentiation affects the homologous pairing at the chromosome segment in meiosis, which further affects the occurrence of homologous recombination at the chromosome segment.
Morphologie des stades larvaires d'Onchocerca volvulus chez Simulium damnosum et redescription de la microfilaire.

Comme l’ont deja indique Nelson, Pester et Duke, l’etude epidemiologique precise de l’Onchocercose humaine ne peut etre realisee tant que les larves d’Onchocerca volvulus ne sont pas surement differenciees des autres larves de filaires evoluant chez les memes vecteurs ; il est utile egalement d’identifier les stades des larves.La morphologie d’O. volvulus, etudiee ici chez Simulium damnosum, offre des criteres simples pour reconnaitre l’âge des larves ; l’histologie de ces larves apporte des precisions anatomiques qui, dans une etape ulterieure, doivent permettre une comparaison plus rigoureuse des especes tres proches evoluant chez le meme vecteur.
Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by fomites (boots and coveralls)

Methods: Ninety-six 4-week-old pigs from a PRRSV-naive source were organized into six groups individually housed in isolation rooms (four replicate trials, 24 pigs per trial). Group 1 pigs were inoculated intranasally with PRRSV strain VR-2332 (2 mL, 105 median tissue culture infective doses per mL.) On days 5, 6, and 7 post inoculation, investigators exposed to Group 1 pigs attempted to transmit PRRSV to sentinel pigs (Groups 2 to 5) by contact. After exposure to the infected pigs, an investigator entered the Group 2 room (Direct Contact group) wearing contaminated boots and coveralls and without washing hands. In contrast, investigators who entered the rooms housing Groups 3 to 5 were required to complete specific sanitation protocols, which included changing boots and coveralls and washing hands (Danish System, Group 3); changing boots and coveralls, showering, and 12 hours down time (Standard Protocol, Group 4); and changing boots and coveralls and showering, with no down time (Alternative Protocol, Group 5).
Fucoid algae as model organisms for investigating early embryogenesis

Durant la derniere decennie, des avancees importantes ont ete realisees dans la comprehension des mecanismes qui controlent la morphogenese des embryons de Fucacees. Dans cette revue, nous presentons les resultats recents obtenus dans nos laboratoires respectifs concernant 1) l'etablissement de la polarite et son expression dans le zygote et 2) le developpement du zygote en un embryon pluricellulaire.
Entrepreneurship Intervention: Towards Transforming Education in Institutions of Higher Learning: A Case of One Public University in Zimbabwe

The study assessed selected university stakeholders’ views and perceptions regarding the curriculum being offered at one public university in Zimbabwe and its alignment towards socio-economic needs. The study also sought ways of how entrepreneurship could be effectively infused into the university curriculum to address the challenge of unemployment. A qualitative case study involving thirty purposively selected participants was adopted. Participants included university administrators, lecturers, students, curriculum developers, captains of industry and the university community. Open ended questionnaires and in-depth face to face interviews were used to elicit responses which were later analysed to discern themes. Findings revealed that the curriculum offered partially addressed the needs of the market due to its failure to focus on entrepreneurial skills training. This tended to constrain students’ self-reliance. Furthermore, entrepreneurship per se was not taught in some of the Faculties. The study concluded that the lack of a practical component was the missing link in fully addressing socio-economic needs and that Entrepreneurship was not a university wide module. The study recommended that for Entrepreneurship to address the socio-economic challenges, there was need to make it a university wide course that incorporates the practical component while consulting various stakeholders for input and relevance. Keywords: skills training, Entrepreneurship, transformation, curriculum, market demands DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-35-03 Publication date: December 31 st 2019
Permafrost-Controlled Break in Fractal Scaling of River Networks, Yukon Coastal Plain, Western Canadian Arctic

River networks have been proposed to be scale-invariant patterns characterized by approximately constant bifurcation, length, and area ratios across all stream orders. Moreover, the ratios appear to vary over a relatively small range across a wide range of geology, climate, and relief. However, Arctic river networks remain a poorly examined facet of fluvial geomorphology. First order, qualitative observations suggest processes are significantly different than temperate networks. For example, dominant discharges may be thaw lake floods, not freshets, and many hillslopes appear to be drained by highly channelized flow through 1-10 m wide linear regions of porous peat, referred to as water tracks. To investigate scaling behaviour, and underlying physical processes, in Arctic networks, I compare Hortonian classification and laws of drainage networks in the Yukon coastal plain with lower latitude networks including the Peace River hills of Northern Alberta, the Okanagan Valley of south central British Columbia, and the coastal plains of eastern Nova Scotia. Comparisons use channel networks extracted from DEM, tested against aerial photographs. Water tracks have a critical basin area of 0.10 ± 0.09 km 2 , whereas open water channels form where basin areas exceed 11.0 ± 9.67 km in the Running River basin. Ratios in Arctic networks are atypically not uniform across different channel orders with jumps in bifurcation (4.6 to 3.0), length (1.7 to 1.1), area (4.5 to 3.5) and gradient (1.2 to 1.3) ratios from the third to fourth order respectively. High bifurcation ratios of low order streams, depressed length ratios, and similar area ratios of high latitude (Arctic) networks are a hydrological response to frozen, impermeable permafrost, and coherent fibric peat which resists channelization. At lower latitudes, channels also originate as focused flows (rills)that incise and cross grade owing to erodible substrate, not cemented by permafrost, eventually evolving into numerous incised channels. Fibric peat in permafrost regions further resists channelization owing to hydraulic conductivity 10 times higher than typical soils, which prevents erosive overland flow. Under current and anticipated degradation of permafrost by anthropogenic warming, incision of water tracks into low order streams may force Arctic drainage networks to mirror their lower latitude counterparts and obey fractal classifications. Table of
Development of Beer Taste Sensor Using a Lipid-Coated Quartz-Crystal Microbalance

Objective evaluation systems for beer tastes were developed using a lipid-coated quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM). The adsorption and desorption on the lipid membrane in a water flow system showed a good correlation with beer body or smoothness in a sensory evaluation, respectively. The adsorption and desorption of beer on the lipid membrane in a flowing acetate buffer showed a bitter intensity and duration. The lipid-coated QCM specifically responded to astringent tannins in the presence of gelatin, which could be used to evaluate the beer astringency. It appears that the adsorption and desorption behaviors of beer on a lipid membrane can partially simulate the ionic or hydrophobic interactions of the beer taste components with the tongue and throat surfaces. Thus, the lipid-coated QCM system can objectively measure the body, smoothness, bitterness, and astringency of a beer.
Genetic diversity and population structure of Sorghum mosaic virus infecting Saccharum spp. hybrids

Sugarcane mosaic disease is widespread in many countries and has been identified to be caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) and Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV). Viral surveys of SCMV, SrMV and SCSMV were performed from 104 leaf samples of Saccharum spp. hybrid growing in China and two leaf samples in Myanmar. Sorghum mosaic virus was a major causal agent for sugarcane mosaic disease in China whereby 72.1% (75/104) of samples had SrMV infection alone, 6.7% (7/104) were mixed with SCMV and 17.3% (18/104) were mixed with SCSMV. Sugarcane streak mosaic virus infection alone occurred in 3.8% (4/104) of samples, but no single infections were observed for SCMV. Two viruses (SrMV and SCSMV) were detected in sugarcane mosaic samples in Myanmar. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all of the SrMV isolates were clustered into three major lineages encompassing six phylogroups/genotypes based on the CP sequences (825 nucleotides) of 113 Chinese and 2 Burmese isolates from this study and 73 isolates reported worldwide. Six clearly distinct SrMV phylogroups (G1–G6) were formed and shared 74.3–94.1% nucleotide identity and 84.7–98.1% amino acid identity of CP sequences. SrMV-G5 was identified to be new distinct phylogroup that was restricted to the Fujian and Guangxi provinces. The unique SrMV-G6 phylogroup only occurred in Yunnan province. Insertion/deletion mutations, negative selection and frequent gene flow are factors driving the genetic evolution and population structure of SrMV in China.
Transboundary Fisheries Science: Meeting the Challenges of Inland Fisheries Management in the 21st Century

Managing inland fisheries in the 21st century presents several obstacles, including the need to view fisheries from multiple spatial and temporal scales, which usually involves populations and resources spanning sociopolitical boundaries. Though collaboration is not new to fisheries science, inland aquatic systems have historically been managed at local scales and present different challenges than in marine or large freshwater systems like the Laurentian Great Lakes. Therefore, we outline a flexible strategy that highlights organization, cooperation, analytics, and implementation as building blocks toward effectively addressing transboundary fisheries issues. Additionally, we discuss the use of Bayesian hierarchical models (within the analytical stage), due to their flexibility in dealing with the variability present in data from multiple scales. With growing recognition of both ecological drivers that span spatial and temporal scales and the subsequent need for collaboration to effectively manage heterog.
Perfil de RNAs ligados a proteína Caprin-1

Proteinas de ligacao a RNA (RNA-binding proteins - RBPs) regulam pos-transcricionalmente um vasto numero de genes. Sabe-se que mutacoes em RBPs ou alteracoes na sua regulacao estao associadas a doencas neurodegenerativas. Essas RBPs induzem a formacao de inclusoes patologicas, que frequentemente estao co-localizadas com marcadores de grânulos de estresse (SGs). A proteina Caprin-1 (ou RNG-105) e uma RBP citoplasmatica expressa em tecidos de mamiferos e e particularmente abundante nos neuronios. Liga-se a mRNAs-alvos em complexos ribonucleoproteicos mensageiros (mRNPs) regulando o seu processamento. Observou-se que a expressao ectopica (EE) de Caprin-1 induz a formacao de SGs. Deste modo, o presente estudo buscou avaliar o mecanismo molecular pelo qual Caprin-1 atua na inducao de SGs e compreender a sua funcao, com enfooque no grupo de RNAs-alvos regulados. Para isso, utilizamos celulas humanas superexpressando Caprin-1 seguida de analises em larga escala, incluindo: RIP-seq (RNA-immunoprecipitation and sequencing) e RNA-seq (RNA sequencing). Os resultados de RIP-seq mostrou um enriquecimento de 63% de rRNAs e 23% de genes codificadores de proteinas no RIP de Caprin-1 em relacao ao controle. Pela classificacao funcional do subgrupo de RNAs que codificam proteinas, observamos que muitos constituintes ribossomais e componentes da maquinaria de iniciacao da traducao foram enriquecidos. Nos confirmamos a co-imunoprecipitacao do 18S rRNA e NPM1, transcritos relacionados com o complexo de iniciacao da traducao e biogenese de ribossomos. Digno de nota, em nosso trabalho observamos que Caprin-1 pode estar auto-regulando sua expressao, mas os mecanismos envolvidos ainda nao estao claros. Atraves da co-imunoprecipitacao proteica, validamos as interacoes de Caprin-1 com a RPS3 (proteina da subunidade ribossomal 40S) e com a RBP hnRNPC1 /C2 que atua no processamento de pre-mRNAs, transporte e na estabilizacao de mRNAs. Pelas analises de transcriptomica, observamos que a EE de Caprin-1 atua de forma global na expressao diferencial de genes. Porem, na classificacao funcional dos genes diferencialmente expressos, observamos uma repressao de classes funcionais importantes, tais como constituintes ribossomais, da maquinaria de traducao e do metabolismo celular. Em conjunto, nossos resultados mostram uma correlacao entre o papel de Caprin-1 em Grânulos de estresse e no processamento de RNAs. Nesta perspectiva, acreditamos que as interacoes de Caprin-1 com os RNAs-alvos podem modular os grânulos e a regulacao da traducao. Desta forma, o nosso resultado contribuiu na investigacao do papel de Caprin-1 em Grânulos de estresse, uma vez que a importância fisiologica da maioria dos alvos de mRNAs identificados ainda nao foram esclarecidas. Abstract
with Linkage to Lupus Nephritis Down-Regulating Murine C1q Protein Levels C1q Regulatory Region Polymorphism

Much of the pathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is caused by deposition of immune complexes (ICs) into various tissues, including renal glomeruli. Because clearance of ICs depends largely on early complement component C1q, homozygous C1q deﬁciency is a strong genetic risk factor in SLE, although it is rare in SLE patients overall. In this work we addressed the issue of whether genetic polymorphisms affecting C1q levels may predispose to SLE, using the (NZB (cid:1) NZW)F 1 model. C1q genes are composed of three genes, C1qa , C1qc , and C1qb , arranged in this order, and each gene consists of two exons separated by one intron. Sequence analysis of the C1q gene in New Zealand Black (NZB), New Zealand White (NZW), and BALB/c mice showed no polymorphisms in exons and introns of three genes. However, Southern blot analysis revealed unique insertion polymorphism of a total of (cid:1) 3.5 kb in the C1qa upstream region of NZB mice. C1q levels in sera and culture supernatants of LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages and C1q messages in spleen cells were all lower in disease-free young NZB and (NZB (cid:1) NZW)F 1 mice than in age-matched non-autoimmune NZW and BALB/c mice. Quantitative trait loci analysis using (NZB (cid:1) NZW)F 1 (cid:1) NZW backcrosses showed that NZB microsatellites in the vicinity of the C1q allele on chromosome 4 were signiﬁcantly linked to serum the development of nephritis. These data imply that not only C1q deﬁciency also regulatory region polymorphisms down-regulating C1q levels may confer the risk for lupus nephritis by reducing IC clearance and thus promoting IC deposition in glomeruli.
Rapid multiplication of commercial sugarcane varieties through tissue culture

An efficient protocol has been developed forrapid multiplication of three commercially grown varieties of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L). Cultures were established from shoottip explant (0.5 -1.0 cm) on MS liquid medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/1 IAA, 0.5 mg/1 BAP, 0.5 mg/1 Kinetin with 10% coconut water and 0.1% PVP. Rapid shoot multiplication was achieved through subculturing at everythree weeks of established shoot clumps (4-8 shoots) in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/1 IAA, 2.0 mg/l BAP and 1.0 mg/1 kinetin. Rooting was induced by transferring shoot clumps on ½ MS in liquid medium containing 2mg/1 NAA and 1.0 mg/1 IBA with continuous shaking. Rooted plants hardened on coco peat exhibited more than 86% survival in the green house.
Effect of the potassium sorbate and carvacrol addition on the properties and antimicrobial activity of tapioca starch - Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose edible films†

Tapioca starch (TS), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and glycerol (GLY) based edible films with the addition of potassium sorbate (KS) and carvacrol (CARV) were prepared by casting technique. The effect of antimicrobial concentrations on the color, mechanical properties, solubility in water (SW), water vapor permeability (WVP) and antimicrobial effectiveness of films was analyzed and the composition was optimized by using a response surface methodology (RSM). The films were transparent and slightly yellow but with high L* values (89-91). Potassium sorbate incorporation increased the color parameter values and presented an antagonistic interaction with CARV for b* and yellow index (YI). A higher amount of CARV drastically decreased the stress at break and increased the deformation and the SW of the films. The water vapor permeability (1.1 ± 0.1 × 10−9 g m−1 s−1 Pa−1) was not influenced by the different concentrations of antimicrobials. The film formulated with KS 0.30 g 100 g−1 and CARV 0.50 g 100 g−1 correctly satisfied the requests of mechanical strength, colorless and appropriate bioavailability of antimicrobials for Z. bailii. This optimized film showed a higher surface hydrophobicity and exerted a highly improved antimicrobial barrier against Z. bailii, L. plantarum and P. fluorescens in comparison with films containing only KS. The obtained results demonstrate the ability of films to act as an antimicrobial hurdle that can contribute to extend the shelf life of food.
The impacts of acid precipitation mediated by geology and forestry upon upland stream invertebrate communities

Macroinvertebrate assemblages and a number of physico-chemical parameters were measured during July 1993 in four southern Scottish upland headwater streams, two adjacent pairs, in the same area of Dumfries and Galloway impacted by acid precipitation. One pair of streams rose on a granite geology and the other pair on greywackes. One stream of each geological pair had an afforested catchment while the other rose in moorland vegetation. The granite streams had acidic pH (4.9), and the greywacke were circumneutral (pH 7.6). Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + were significantly lower and Al 3+ significantly higher in the two acid streams, irrespective of land use. The acid afforested stream had higher concentrations of all cations than the acid stream with moorland vegetation. Both afforested streams had higher concentrations of Na + and Al 3+ , and lower temperatures, than the two with moorland vegetation. The two acid streams had lower taxonomic richness, higher percentages of Plecoptera and no Ephemeroptera, with higher percentages of predators and lower percentages of collectors than the circumneutral ones. Compared with the moorland pair, both afforested streams had higher proportions of shredders. Canonical ordination analysis (DCCA) showed acidity as a clear gradient dominating the first axis, with a less clear gradient reflecting the effect of coniferous plantations dominating the second axis. Gammarus pulex and Odontocerum albicorne were most strongly correlated with high pH, while Plectrocnemia geniculata was positively correlated with afforestation and low pH. The results confirm the impact of acid precipitation on stream communities lying on sensitive geologies but emphasise the localised scale of such impacts where geology changes. They also show the fundamental role of land use in influencing macroinvertebrate community composition.
Polymerase Chain Reaction Identification of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli Seeded into Raw Milk.

Molecular biological techniques for identifying pathogenic foodborne bacteria use small amounts of bacterial nucleic acids that must be purified and concentrated from complex food matrices. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies specific segments of DNA and speeds the identification of bacterial strains. Methods for preparing DNA for PCR analysis were tested by seeding enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) cells into raw milk. Test samples of milk were heated at 35°C and were treated with proteinase and detergent. As few as 102 cells of EIEC per ml of seeded milk were identified after amplification of a plasmid-borne gene required for invasion.
The Quaternary Record of Euneomys (Mammalia, Rodentia, Cricetidae) from Northwestern Patagonia: Evidence for Regional Extinction

SUPPLEMENTAL DATA Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline. com/UJVP Citation for this article: Tammone, M. N. , E. A. Lacey, A. Hajduk, M. Christie, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2016. The Quaternary record of Euneomys (Mammalia, Rodentia, Cricetidae) from northwestern Patagonia: evidence for regional extinction. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016. 1212363.