Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling the Effects of Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Cerebral Ketone Body Metabolism

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes drastic structural brain atrophy and affects multiple brain functions. Cerebral glucose hypometabolism, associated with senile plaque density formation, is a pre-symptomatic feature of AD and significantly contributes to AD’s future development and progression. As cerebral glucose metabolism gradually slows down due to advanced aging, a healthy adult brain experiences an 8% decrease in cerebral glucose metabolic rate (CGMR) compared to a decline of 20%–40% CGMR in AD patients. To bridge the increasing brain energy gap caused by glucose hypometabolism, ketone bodies (KBs) are used as a supplementary source of energy as cerebral KB metabolism remains unaffected in AD patients. Ketogenic interventions such as Medium-Chain Triglyceride (MCT)-induced treatment can help augment the brain’s energy source availability and might delay further cognitive decline. With this, we constructed a mathematical model on cerebral glucose and KB metabolism to illustrate the drastic effects of glucose hypometabolism on healthy aging individuals, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) subjects, and AD patients. Through the generated simulations, we have shown that KB concentration levels rise during prolonged starvation, and in consideration of glucose hypometabolism, MCT-induced intervention increases the concentration levels of acetyl-CoA (AC) in MCI/AD patients. Furthermore, MCT-induced supplement helps increase the AC concentration levels in healthy adults under normal conditions.
Profiting from growth: Trade, investment and the ASEAN-China technology gap

ABSTRACT While outward FDI inflows have increased since 2008, the volume of Southeast Asia’s exports to China has slowed down, prompting discussion about whether this will affect Southeast Asia’s growth. This article empirically tests China’s impact on Southeast Asia’s growth using a nonlinear framework, and finds that economic linkages between Southeast Asia and China have been changing since the mid-1990s, especially during the 1997 and 2008 financial crises and the 2012 bilateral diplomatic change; that FDI is more important to economic growth than exports across Southeast Asia; and that there is no industrial technology gap between Southeast Asia and China.
REALIZABLE DYNAMIC LES SUBGRID-SCALE MODELING

It was shown recently that the use of stochastic analysis enables a theoretically well based systematic derivation of a realizable linear dynamic model (LDM) and a realizable nonlinear dynamic model (NDM). A-priori and a-posteriori analyses of turbulent channel ﬂow and the turbulent Ek-man layer are used to study the characteristic properties of these dynamic models. The LDM and NDM are compared with other dynamic models: the non-stabilized and stabilized dynamic Smagorinsky model (DSM), which is used in many applications of LES, and Wang-Bergstrom’s dynamic model (WBDM), which represents an extension of the DSM. The DSM and WBDM do not represent realizable models because they are not derived as consequences of a realizable stochastic process. The comparisons re-ported here show that the LDM and NDM are based on a dynamic model formulation that avoids shortcomings of existing concepts. The LDM and NDM account
SeMiner: Side-Information-Based Semantics Miner for Proprietary Industrial Control Protocols

Industrial control protocols (ICPs) are critical for Industrial Internet of Things to achieve interconnection and interaction between the industrial devices. To fully understand a large number of nonstandard and proprietary ICPs, protocol reverse engineering (PRE) techniques are commonly used to reconstruct the ICP specifications. However, existing PRE tools face difficulties in inferring the ICP semantics. Accordingly, this article proposes SeMiner as an ICP semantics analysis framework to achieve the packet field identification, protocol semantics inference, and behavior semantics modeling. Based on the collected graphical side information about the industrial processes, a series of semantic channels is identified using image processing techniques, and a modified Apriori algorithm is used to extract the frequent patterns of each semantic channel. Afterward, a heuristic method based on sequence alignment is designed to simultaneously identify the set of relevant packets and the position of packet fields relevant to the semantic channels. Finally, relying on the packet field semantics, the behavior semantics of industrial processes are modeled and the association rules between the semantic channels are extracted. Thorough experimental results reported herein verify the effectiveness of SeMiner and show the superior performance of SeMiner compared with the several other state-of-the-art algorithms.
The Multisided Complexity of Fairness in Recommender Systems

Recommender systems are poised at the interface between stakeholders: for example, job applicants and employers in the case of recommendations of employment listings, or artists and listeners in the case of music recommendation. In such multisided platforms, recommender systems play a key role in enabling discovery of products and information at large scales. However, as they have become more and more pervasive in society, the equitable distribution of their benefits and harms have been increasingly under scrutiny, as is the case with machine learning generally. While recommender systems can exhibit many of the biases encountered in other machine learning settings, the intersection of personalization and multisidedness makes the question of fairness in recommender systems manifest itself quite differently. In this article, we discuss recent work in the area of multisided fairness in recommendation, starting with a brief introduction to core ideas in algorithmic fairness and multistakeholder recommendation. We describe techniques for measuring fairness and algorithmic approaches for enhancing fairness in recommendation outputs. We also discuss feedback and popularity effects that can lead to unfair recommendation outcomes. Finally, we introduce several promising directions for future research in this area.
Unleashing the potential of digital technologies in emergency supply chain: the moderating effect of crisis leadership

PurposeThe stakeholders are now demanding more visibility and role clarity in the emergency supply chain to improve collaborative efforts. Using a contingent resource-based view (C-RBV), the author studies crisis leadership as a complementary organizational resource for the successful adoption of digital technologies (DTs) in the emergency supply chain. The author further examined the relationships between DTs on information visibility and collaboration under the moderating effects of crisis leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe author gathered data from 117 NGOs in India using a multi-informant questionnaire. The author further tested the research hypotheses using variance-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). FindingsDTs under the interaction effect of crisis leadership have a significant influence on the information visibility and the collaboration in the humanitarian context. The findings of the study extend the C-RBVs to create a better understanding of applications of DTs in alleviating human suffering due to crises.Practical implicationsThe author provides some direction to the managers engaged in the humanitarian supply chain, contemplating using emerging technologies to enhance information visibility and collaboration.Originality/valueThe current study offers some useful implications for theory. The study findings suggest that the DTs under the moderating effect of the crisis leadership significantly improve the information visibility and the collaboration among the emergency supply chain relief workers. These findings contribute to the C-RBV literature by expanding the scope of the theory. To date, the C-RBV is yet to be explored in humanitarian or emergency settings. Further, the study empirically tests the moderating role of crisis leadership which is touted to be the game-changer, particularly in crises or emergencies.
2-Dimensional Multi-Release Software Reliability Modelling considering Fault Reduction Factor under imperfect debugging

Introduction: The present research was conducted at the University of Delhi, India in 2017.Methods: We develop a software reliability growth model to assess the reliability of software products released in multiple versions under limited availability of resources and time. The Fault Reduction Factor (frf) is considered to be constant in imperfect debugging environments while the rate of fault removal is given by Delayed S-Shaped model.Results: The proposed model has been validated on a real life four-release dataset by carrying out goodness of fit analysis. Laplace trend analysis was also conducted to judge the trend exhibited by data with respect to change in the system’s reliability.Conclusions: A number of comparison criteria have been calculated to evaluate the performance of the proposed model relative to only time-based multi-release Software Reliability Growth Model (srgm). Originality: In general, the number of faults removed is not the same as the number of failures experienced in given time intervals, so the inclusion of frf in the model makes it better and more realistic. A paradigm shift has been observed in software development from single release to multi release platform.Limitations: The proposed model can be used by software developers to take decisions regarding the release time for different versions, by either minimizing the development cost or maximizing the reliability and determining the warranty policies.
Developing and analyzing framework for understanding the effects of GSCM on green and economic performance

PurposeThe concept of green supply chain management (GSCM) is gaining popularity in developing countries due to the environmental and economic impact along with increasing awareness of environmental safety. Enterprises are trying to express their sincere commitment toward green practices. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of GSCM on green and economic performance of the firm under the influence of leadership and institutional pressures.Design/methodology/approachConceptual model was developed from previous research works to understand the driving forces of green and economic performance which had inconsistent findings in the literature. Data were collected from 174 leading ISO 14001 certified manufacturing firms in Pakistan by using a structured questionnaire. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling is used for testing the hypotheses.FindingsThe statistical results indicate that the leadership and institutional pressures influence the firm for adoption of internal green practices and external green collaboration. The statistical results also suggest that green practices significantly improve firm’s green and economic performance. However, firm’s external green collaboration does not significantly affect green performance, but it improves green performance significantly.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is conducted on Pakistan as a case of highly populated developing country.Originality/valueThis research presents the empirical evaluation of the influence of leadership and institutional pressure on green practices and improved green and economic performance. The results offer useful understanding for SCM practitioners seeking to adopt GSCM practices. The results also provide policy insights for regulators, organizations and legislators to further promote GSCM.
Adjuvant Sorafenib Following Radiofrequency Ablation for Early-Stage Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Microvascular Invasion at the Initial Hepatectomy

Background The efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for patients with early-stage recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with microvascular invasion (MVI) at the initial hepatectomy is limited. Our study aimed to explore whether adjuvant sorafenib following RFA could improve the situation. Methods We retrospectively included 211 patients with early-stage (tumor number of ≤3 and tumor size of 2–5 cm) recurrent HCC with MVI at the initial hepatectomy who underwent adjuvant sorafenib following RFA or RFA alone in 13 centers from June 2013 to June 2020. In the combination group, sorafenib of 400 mg twice daily was administered within 7 days after RFA. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared. Subgroup analysis based on MVI grade was performed. MVI grade was based on the practice guidelines for the pathological diagnosis of HCC and included M1 (≤5 MVI sites, all located within adjacent peritumoral liver tissues 0–1 cm away from the tumor margin) and M2 (>5 MVI sites, or any MVI site located within adjacent peritumoral liver tissues > 1 cm away from the tumor margin). Results A total of 103 patients received the combination therapy and 108 patients received RFA alone. The combination therapy provided better survival than RFA alone (median RFS: 17.7 vs. 13.1 months, P < 0.001; median OS: 32.0 vs. 25.0 months, P = 0.002). Multivariable analysis revealed that treatment allocation was an independent prognostic factor. On subgroup analysis, the combination therapy provided better survival than RFA alone in patients with M1 along with either a tumor size of 3–5 cm, tumor number of two to three, or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 400 μg/L, and in those with M2 along with either a tumor size of 2–3 cm, one recurrent tumor, or AFP ≤ 400 μg/L. Conclusions Adjuvant sorafenib following RFA was associated with better survival than RFA alone in patients with early-stage recurrent HCC with MVI at the initial hepatectomy. Moreover, MVI grade could guide the application of adjuvant sorafenib.
A Novel Dedicated Route Protection Scheme for Survivability of Link Failure in Elastic Optical Networks

The spectrally efficient transportation of the high bit rate(s) data is achievable by the Elastic optical networks (EONs). However, in the EONs, owing to the failure occurrence even in an individual simple element, different service(s) maybe interrupted. Hence, it is imperative that the schemes for survivability be developed so that the issues due to the possible failure(s) can be overcome. In the current work, in view of survivability of the link failure(s) in the EONs, we propose the Spectrum Continuity and Contiguity Established DRP (SCC-E-DRP) algorithm which is a novel dedicated route protection (DRP) scheme that attempts to avoid the problem of trap topology during its exploration for a pair of link disjoint path. Further, to evaluate the link disjoint paths, we resort to the use of the SCC Established Shortest Route (SCC-E-SR) algorithm which is a modified Dijkstra’s algorithm based scheme that selects the path(s) pair(s) based on the end-toend SCC. We conduct extensive simulations considering realistic network topologies, and compare the performance of the SCCE-DRP scheme with the existing techniques. The obtained results show that, compared to the existing schemes, the SCC-E-DRP scheme achieves better results in terms of blocking probability.
Circulating Small Extracellular Vesicles Profiling and Thrombin Generation as Potential Markers of Thrombotic Risk in Glioma Patients

Introduction Patients with glioma (GM) are at a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The role of microvesiculation in the cancer-associated thrombosis mechanisms has been previously demonstrated. This study aimed to evaluate the relative abundance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and thrombin generation (TG) in combination with standard laboratory tests in patients with newly diagnosed GM as potential prognostic markers in VTE. Materials and Methods In the present study, 11 patients with newly diagnosed GM and 10 healthy volunteers were analyzed. EVs were counted and their cellular origin was determined (CytoFlex B4-R2-V2, Beckman Coulter, United States), as well as thrombin generation test (TGT) (Diagnostica Stago SAS, France) was performed. Results In patients with GM, the relative abundance of the CD41 + EVs (platelet-derived)—and CD105 + EVs (endothelial-derived) was significantly higher than in the control group (44.3 [40.5; 52.4] vs. 27.2 [22.9; 31.0]%, p = 0.002, and 5.4 [4.8; 7.8] vs. 1.9 [1.5; 2.8]%, p = 0.0003, respectively). The D-dimer level was higher in patients with GM compared with the control group (0.46 [0.38; 1.85] vs. 0.36 [0.27; 0.40] μg/ml FEU, p = 0.03, respectively). There was a trend toward an increase in the peak thrombin and velocity index (VI) in the GM group (p = 0.06). During the follow-up period, two patients (18%) developed thrombosis, had tumor sizes of more than 5 cm, thrombocytopenia, increased VI, and D-dimer. Conclusion Analysis of platelet-derived EVs, platelet count, and TGT in combination with D-dimer assessment could improve the stratification of patients prone to VTE, which needs to be confirmed in a larger sample.
A Case Report of Disseminated Pott’s Disease (Spinal Tuberculosis) Complicated by Abscess and Near Complete Destruction of Cervical Spine (C5, C6)

Potts disease (PD) or spinal tuberculosis is a rare infectious disease, which is commonly spread from extra-spinal infection. It commonly involves the anterior aspect of multiple vertebrae. The most common affected site is the lower thoracic vertebrae, with the cervical vertebrae the least common site but has the most serious complication. Back pain is the earliest and most common symptom, along with other constitutional symptoms like fever, night sweating and weight loss. Other presentations depend on the stage of disease and the occurrence of complication. The most sensitive diagnostic modality is Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which demonstrates features of spondylodiscitis, disc collapse and disc destruction, cold abscess, vertebral wedging, vertebral collapse and spinal deformities. Histopathological analysis can be done by Ultrasound and computed tomographic (CT) guided needle aspiration or biopsy. Treatment is by combination Anti-Tuberculosis and surgery (debridement, decompression, fusion and bone auto-graft) in case of complication. A 55 years old man presented complain of dull back pain that started three weeks prior to admission along with fever and night sweating, one week later he started to develop neurological complication in form of lower limb weakness, his condition deteriorated gradually to the level of complete paraplegia and he also had urine retention. Diagnosis of pott’s disease was confirm based on MRI imaging and microscopically analysis of a needle aspiration sample. Patient was treated with a combination Anti-Tuberculosis and underwent surgery (decompression and fixation).
Nutritional Evaluation of Nigerian Dried Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus ) S eeds

The proximate, functional properties, in-vitro multi enzyme protein digestibility and amino acid compositions of Nigerian dried okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus ) seeds were evaluated. The ash, moisture, fat, crude fibre, crude protein and carbohydrate of the okra seeds were: 4.8%, 13.5%, 39.9%, 8.82%, 26.4% and 6.62%, respectively. The water and oil absorption capacities were: 220% and 200% which makes okra seeds exhibit a high water retention capacity. The least gelation concentration was 8% while, emulsion capacity was 45.5% and foaming capacity and stability were: 12% and 2%, respectively. The in vitro protein digestibility was 69.3%. Glutamic acid was the most concentrated amino acid (121.1 mg/g crude protein) while, cystine (10.0 mg/g crude protein) was the least concentrated amino acid. The total amino acid was 706 mg/g crude protein.
Active Flutter Control of a Swept Wing with an Engine by Using Piezoelectric Actuators

: In this paper, active flutter control of a swept wing with an engine is carried out. The aircraft wing is considered as a uniform swept cantilever beam carrying an engine. The piezoelectric layers are attached to the wing to control the vibrations. To simulate aerodynamic loads, the Theodorsen model is used. The equations of motion determined via Hamilton’s variational principle, are transformed to a set of ordinary differential equations through the assumed mode method. Lyapunov controller is used to control the system. Effects of design parameters like engine thrust, location and mass and the wing sweep angle, are evaluated on the flutter speed. The control system has been applied at the flutter situation. Results show that the control system can substantially suppress the vibration in all cases. According to the results, the length of the piezoelectric layers affects the speed of the flutter and the flutter speed increases by increasing the length of these layers. Also, according to the influence of the Lyapunov gains on the performance of the system, it is necessary to select these values carefully in order for control system to have the best performance for different values of the system parameters.
Communication in the Spaceflight Multi-Team System: Training and Technology Recommendations to Support Boundary Spanners

Long-duration exploration missions (LDEMs) in space rely on the coordinated efforts of a large, dynamic, and global multi-team system (MTS) that crosses organizational, geographic, cultural, and temporal boundaries. A key role in the spaceflight MTS is the leader who connects or spans the boundaries between distinct teams and supports the development of team cognition. The purpose of the present paper is to provide recommendations on how to train “boundary spanner” leaders and the tools they use to coordinate and communicate with teams in the context of a LDEM MTS. To this end, we address four specific questions focused on 1) how the MTS will change for future missions, 2) identifying the primary boundary spanners, 3) identifying the key attitudes, behaviors, and cognitions (ABCs) for effective boundary spanners, and 4) communication technologies to support the development of team cognition in the MTS. Results indicate six critical boundary spanner roles in the NASA Mission Control Center and 12 ABCs that should be trained. We conclude with concrete recommendations for NASA and its partners to empirically test different training approaches and commercial task management tools the MTS can use to improve communication efficiency and accuracy.
User-Trained, Zero-Conﬁguration, Self-Adaptive Opportunistic Wi-Fi Localization for Room-Level Accuracy

—In this paper the possibility of room-level localization through Wi-Fi by using user collaboration and zero-conﬁguration is investigated. User collaboration and zero-conﬁguration means that it avoids the time-consuming training phase known by other systems such as ﬁngerprinting and entering the ﬂoor plan. Fingerprints are created as soon as the users start to collaborate by providing their location and corresponding Wi-Fi data. A ﬂoor plan is not necessary as ﬁngerprints are simply assigned to rooms without using coordinates. It is called opportunistic localization in the way that it relies on the already available infrastructure, thus no additional hardware needs to be installed. Using these methods, simulations show that a localization success rate of about 90% can be reached and that the system is able to cope with collaboration errors and a changed environment.