Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Combination of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Treatment with Moderate Physical Activity Alleviates the Severity of Experimental Colitis in Obese Mice via Modulation of Gut Microbiota, Attenuation of Proinflammatory Cytokines, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and DNA Oxidative Damage in Colonic Mucos

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are commonly considered as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, but the possibility that the alterations in gut microbiota and oxidative stress may affect the course of experimental colitis in obese physically exercising mice treated with the intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) has been little elucidated. Mice fed a high-fat-diet (HFD) or normal diet (ND) for 14 weeks were randomly assigned to exercise on spinning wheels (SW) for 7 weeks and treated with IAP followed by intrarectal administration of TNBS. The disease activity index (DAI), grip muscle strength test, oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD, GSH), DNA damage (8-OHdG), the plasma levels of cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17a, TNF-α, MCP-1 and leptin were assessed, and the stool composition of the intestinal microbiota was determined by next generation sequencing (NGS). The TNBS-induced colitis was worsened in obese sedentary mice as manifested by severe colonic damage, an increase in DAI, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA damage and decreased muscle strength. The longer running distance and weight loss was observed in mice given IAP or subjected to IAP + SW compared to sedentary ones. Less heterogeneous microbial composition was noticed in sedentary obese colitis mice and this effect disappeared in IAP + SW mice. Absence of Alistipes, lower proportion of Turicibacter, Proteobacteria and Faecalibacterium, an increase in Firmicutes and Clostridium, a decrease in oxidative stress biomarkers, 8-OHdG content and proinflammatory cytokines were observed in IAP + SW mice. IAP supplementation in combination with moderate physical activity attenuates the severity of murine colitis complicated by obesity through a mechanism involving the downregulation of the intestinal cytokine/chemokine network and oxidative stress, the modulation of the gut microbiota and an improvement of muscle strength.
Association between Genetic Polymorphisms and Risk of Kidney Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of genetic factors on posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) risk. Methods Relevant publications were systematically retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library up to December 2020. Data from eligible case-control and cohort studies were extracted for qualitative and quantitative analyses. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the association between gene polymorphisms and PTDM in the quantitative meta-analysis. Results A total of 43 eligible articles were identified, and 16 studies on 9 DNA variants from 8 genes were included in the meta-analysis. TCF7L2 rs7903146 was significantly associated with PTDM risk in 5 genetic models (OR (95% CI): allelic: 1.59 (1.17–2.16), P=0.003; dominant recessive: 1.62 (1.14, 2.31), P=0.007; recessive: 1.87 (1.18, 2.94), P=0.007; homozygote: 2.21 (1.23, 3.94), P=0.008; and heterozygote 1.50 (1.08, 2.10), P=0.017). KCNQ1 rs2237892 was significantly correlated with PTDM risk in 3 genetic models (allelic: 0.68 (0.58, 0.81), P < 0.001; dominant: 0.6 (049, 0.74), P < 0.001; and heterozygote: 0.61 (0.48, 0.76), P < 0.001). KCNJ11 rs5219 was significantly linked with PTDM in the recessive genetic model (1.59 (1.01, 2.50), P=0.047). No significant correlations of PTDM with TCF7L2 rs12255372, SLC30A8 rs13266634, PPARγ rs1801282, CDKN2A/B rs10811661, HHEX rs1111875, and IGF2BP2 rs4402960 polymorphisms were found. Conclusions The gene polymorphisms of TCF7L2 rs7903146, KCNQ1 rs2237892, and KCNJ11 rs5219 may predispose kidney transplant recipients to PTDM. Large sample size studies on diverse ethnic populations were warranted to confirm our findings.
'SMART' implantable devices for spinal implants: a systematic review on current and future trends.

Background 'SMART' implants refer to modified orthopedic implants that combine the biomechanical safety and efficacy of traditional devices with the intelligence of data-logging sensors. This review aims to systematically assess the available literature on SMART spinal implants and present these findings in a clinically relevant manner. Methods A search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was conducted by two separate reviewers. Information including sensor type, intended application, and sample size, was extracted from included studies. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) risk of bias tool. Results Eighteen studies were included for analysis. Eight studies involved SMART rods and ten studies used SMART vertebral body replacements (VBR). No more than 20 patients are reported to have received a SMART spinal implant. Including non-primary evidence, seven unique designs for SMART spinal implants were found. The majority of these used strain gauges with recent designs including thermometers and accelerometers. Discussion At present, SMART spinal implants have primarily focused on utilising strain gauges to report loading on the implant itself. This is a logical first step as it allows quantification of real-world requirements of an implant, detection of catastrophic failure, while also allowing researchers and clinicians to estimate changes in load sharing between newly forming bone and the implant itself, providing real-time information on the progression of healing and fusion. Future work includes documenting the correlation between data provided by these SMART implants and clinical findings, including complications such as pedicle screw loosening and interbody cage subsidence.
Influence of halite particles on the stability and physical properties of inverse olefin emulsions

Abstract The study of synthetic drilling fluids, consisting of inverse emulsions, became essential to the routine of the oil industry in Brazil, due to the discovery of the pre-salt carbonate reservoirs. This work aimed to analyze the incorporation of halite in the physical properties and stability of inverse olefin emulsions, which composes synthetic drilling fluids formulation. Therefore, halite was characterized in relation to its wettability, chemical and mineralogical composition. The properties of the emulsions added with halite, in the contents of 5, 10 and 15% by volume, were monitored by microscopic images, rheological tests and gravitational separation, performed before and after dynamic aging of the emulsion. The results showed that the presence of the halite particles promotes an increase in the consistency index, interfering in the viscous nature of the emulsion. In addition, dynamic aging provide changes in the flow behavior of the emulsified system, once there are increases in the behavior index, proportional to the halite content, bringing it closer to Newtonian behavior. It is also noticed that, under these conditions, the addition of this mineral intensifies the separation of the continuous phase of the emulsion, together with the emulsifying agents, especially for the contents of 10 and 15%.
Peak Power Handling Capability in Groove Gap Waveguide Filters Based on Horizontally Polarized Resonators and Enhancement Solutions

This letter studies the peak power handling capability (PPHC) in groove gap waveguide filters based on horizontally polarized resonators. Moreover, a modification of the resonant cavity is proposed, where the central pins of the original structure are replaced by a rounded metal block. As a result of this change, the TE101-like mode can still be excited, but the maximum electric field strength is shifted to the center of the cavity, which leads to a higher PPHC. The main advantages of the original structure are maintained, and greater robustness in the manufacturing process is achieved. Next, some guidelines for the design of the coupling windows and the dimensions of the blocks are shown to minimize the electric field strength and, consequently, maximize the PPHC. Finally, two third-order bandpass filters (with pins and with blocks) centered at 16 GHz have been manufactured and tested in a measurement campaign, where a PPHC enhancement of 8.7 dB at high pressures is achieved for the novel solution presented in this work.
Cinnamaldehyde Increases the Survival of Mice Submitted to Sepsis Induced by Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Several natural products have been investigated for their bactericidal potential, among these, cinnamaldehyde. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the activity of cinnamaldehyde in the treatment of animals with sepsis induced by extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. Initially, the E. coli F5 was incubated with cinnamaldehyde to evaluate the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration. Animal survival was monitored for five days, and a subset of mice were euthanized after 10 h to evaluate histological, hematological, and immunological parameters, as well as the presence of bacteria in the organs. On the one hand, inoculation of bacterium caused the death of 100% of the animals within 24 h after infection. On the other hand, cinnamaldehyde (60 mg/kg) was able to keep 40% of mice alive after infection. The treatment significantly reduced the levels of cytokines in serum and peritoneum and increased the production of cells in both bone marrow and spleen, as well as lymphocytes at the infection site. Cinnamaldehyde was able to reduce tissue damage by decreasing the deleterious effects for the organism and contributed to the control of the sepsis and survival of animals; therefore, it is a promising candidate for the development of new drugs.
Neurofeedback-Augmented Mindfulness Training Elicits Distinct Responses in the Subregions of the Insular Cortex in Healthy Adolescents

Mindfulness training (MT) reduces self-referential processing and promotes interoception, the perception of sensations from inside the body, by increasing one’s awareness of and regulating responses to them. The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the insular cortex (INS) are considered hubs for self-referential processing and interoception, respectively. Although MT has been consistently found to decrease PCC, little is known about how MT relates to INS activity. Understanding links between mindfulness and interoception may be particularly important for informing mental health in adolescence, when neuroplasticity and emergence of psychopathology are heightened. We examined INS activity during real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback-augmented mindfulness training (NAMT) targeting the PCC. Healthy adolescents (N = 37; 16 female) completed the NAMT task, including Focus-on-Breath (MT), Describe (self-referential processing), and Rest conditions, across three neurofeedback runs and two non-neurofeedback runs (Observe, Transfer). Regression coefficients estimated from the generalized linear model were extracted from three INS subregions: anterior (aINS), mid (mINS), and posterior (pINS). Mixed model analyses revealed the main effect of run for Focus-on-Breath vs. Describe contrast in aINS [R2 = 0.39] and pINS [R2 = 0.33], but not mINS [R2 = 0.34]. Post hoc analyses revealed greater aINS activity and reduced pINS activity during neurofeedback runs, and such activities were related to lower self-reported life satisfaction and less pain behavior, respectively. These findings revealed the specific involvement of insula subregions in rtfMRI-nf MT.
Characteristics of Post-ICU and Post-COVID Recovery Clinics in 29 U.S. Health Systems

OBJECTIVES: The multifaceted long-term impairments resulting from critical illness and COVID-19 require interdisciplinary management approaches in the recovery phase of illness. Operational insights into the structure and process of recovery clinics (RCs) from heterogeneous health systems are needed. This study describes the structure and process characteristics of existing and newly implemented ICU-RCs and COVID-RCs in a subset of large health systems in the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Thirty-nine RCs, representing a combined 156 hospitals within 29 health systems participated. PATIENTS: None. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: RC demographics, referral criteria, and operating characteristics were collected, including measures used to assess physical, psychologic, and cognitive recoveries. Thirty-nine RC surveys were completed (94% response rate). ICU-RC teams included physicians, pharmacists, social workers, physical therapists, and advanced practice providers. Funding sources for ICU-RCs included clinical billing (n = 20, 77%), volunteer staff support (n = 15, 58%), institutional staff/space support (n = 13, 46%), and grant or foundation funding (n = 3, 12%). Forty-six percent of RCs report patient visit durations of 1 hour or longer. ICU-RC teams reported use of validated scales to assess psychologic recovery (93%), physical recovery (89%), and cognitive recovery (86%) more often in standard visits compared with COVID-RC teams (psychologic, 54%; physical, 69%; and cognitive, 46%). CONCLUSIONS: Operating structures of RCs vary, though almost all describe modest capacity and reliance on volunteerism and discretionary institutional support. ICU- and COVID-RCs in the United States employ varied funding sources and endorse different assessment measures during visits to guide care coordination. Common features include integration of ICU clinicians, interdisciplinary approach, and focus on severe critical illness. The heterogeneity in RC structures and processes contributes to future research on the optimal structure and process to achieve the best postintensive care syndrome and postacute sequelae of COVID outcomes.
A Survey of Magnetic-Field-Based Indoor Localization

Magnetic fields have attracted considerable attention in indoor localization due to their ubiquitous and infrastructure-free characteristics. This survey provides a comprehensive review of magnetic-field-based indoor localization methods. We first introduce characteristics of the magnetic field, its advantages, and its challenges. We then describe the magnetometer model and the effect of ferromagnetic interference. We also present coordinate systems commonly used for magnetic field localization and describe their transformation relationships. We then compare the existing publicly available magnetic field benchmark datasets, present magnetometer calibration algorithms, and show how efficiently magnetic field maps can be built. We also summarize state-of-the-art magnetic field localization methods (e.g., magnetic landmarks, dynamic time warping, magnetic fingerprinting, filters, simultaneous localization and mapping, and neural network). The smartphone-based pedestrian dead reckoning approach is also reviewed.
Inventing the Baby Saver: An Activity Systems Analysis of Applied Engineering at the High School Level

Abstract Extant research and engineering education frameworks call for students to engage in personally meaningful engineering projects; however, there are few case studies documenting the work of young engineers working to design solutions to real-world problems that matter to them. This qualitative case study describes the work of a purposively selected group of high school engineering students (the InvenTeam) (n = 15) as they devote a school year to a particularly ambitious invention project: designing and prototyping a device to mitigate deaths occurring when children are left unattended in hot cars. Utilizing cultural historical activity theory as a theoretical and analytical lens, the study triangulates observation, interview, and document data to describe elements of and tensions within the InvenTeam activity system. Data illustrate numerous ways in which invention afforded opportunities for students to apply science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) knowledge and practices and develop engineering identities. Additionally, data suggest that students’ purposes for engaging in the project were dynamic, telescoping from individual, personal aspirations to expanded possibilities for economic and societal impact. Data also illustrate how students assumed defined yet flexible roles within the project’s division of labor. Activity systems analysis revealed four main tensions within the InvenTeam activity system: sustaining motivation in the face of technical challenges, community expectations versus student goals, STEM knowledge/skills constrained by specialized roles, and the institutional norms of schooling versus the process of invention. Implications of the case study findings for engineering and invention at the high school level are discussed.
Sclerodermic Cardiomyopathy—A State-of-the-Art Review

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with unknown triggering factors, and complex pathophysiologic links which lead to fibrosis of skin and internal organs, including the heart, lungs, and gut. However, more than 100 years after the first description of cardiac disease in SSc, sclerodermic cardiomyopathy (SScCmp) is an underrecognized, occult disease with important adverse long-term prognosis. Laboratory tests, electrocardiography (ECG) and cardiovascular multimodality imaging techniques (transthoracic 2D and 3D echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and novel imaging techniques, including myocardial deformation analysis) provide new insights into the cardiac abnormalities in patients with SSc. This state-of-the-art review aims to stratify all the cardiac investigations needed to diagnose and follow-up the SScCmp, and discusses the epidemiology, risk factors and pathophysiology of this important cause of morbidity of the SSc patient.
Inclusive Measurement of Public Perception of Corporate Low-Carbon Ambitions: Analysis of Strategic Positioning for Sustainable Development Using Natural Language Processing

Received: 21 November 2021 Accepted: 5 January 2022 Climate change remains one of the most important challenges of the 21st century, both for organizations as well as for society. While many corporates around the globe embed sustainability goals into their strategies, inclusive research on the public perceptions of the same is limited. Aiming to fill this gap, we apply an innovative natural language processing approach to determine the persuasiveness of corporate climate agendas. Based on public opinion data from various online platforms (n=5284), research is conducted to understand whether stakeholders structurally support or oppose the sustainability agendas. For this purpose, reactions and statements of users were mined, subjected to a sentiment analysis and have been examined concerning their polarity both platform-specific and cross-platform. While on the one hand the research helps company representatives to better understand the effectiveness of their proposed agenda and strategic positioning, our approach also challenges traditional ways of collecting data and measuring public opinion through interviews, questionnaires or surveys. Compared to other studies dealing with opinion research, our analysis sets new academic impulses by analyzing the very topical and demanded issue of evaluating sustainability campaigns. The study does not only provide evidence of an overall optimistic attitude towards corporate sustainability targets, but also sheds light on the polarity of public opinion and the share of perceptions. We were able to show that with an overarching average ratio of 4:1, sustainability ambitions are supported, whereby concerns on average can only be found in 1 of out 10 reactions, which contributes significant insights for steering transitioning companies as well as for the corresponding management by campaign leaders.
Translation and validation of the Omaha System into English language simplified Omaha System terms

Purpose: COVID-19 has caused a shift toward consumer-facing technology such as mobile health (mHealth) applications. However, most mHealth apps do not use accessible language. Standardized terminologies have potential to solve this problem but have not been simplified for consumer use. Methods: We used a standardized health terminology, the Omaha System, as the framework to develop the Simplified Omaha System Terms (SOST) for use within a mHealth application, MyStrengths + MyHealth. Plain language principles informed the SOST development in three phases, a community-validation focus group enabled feedback from diverse end-users, a readability assessment provide validation to the desired goal readability level. Results: The community-validation members (n = 19) ages ranged from 22 to 74;51% male, 84% people of color, and 21% college educated. The reading level of the final SOST averaged 3.86 on the Coleman–Liau Index (fourth grade). A case study showed meaningful whole-person health data were generated in a community-led study during COVID-19. Conclusions: Community validation and readability assessment demonstrated accessible language for a clinical terminology. The SOST was deployed successfully in MyStrengths + My Health and in a community-led study. The Omaha System as a framework for the SOST may enable the data to be integrated with clinical datasets. Future research should focus on validation of SOST in additional languages and integration within electronic health platforms. © 2022 The Authors.
Performance, Motivation, Engagement, and Interactions in MOOC-Based Learning

With the rapid development of information technologies, the new decade has been witnessing an advancement of massive open online courses (MOOCs)-based learning. However, MOOCs are infamous for the lower engagement and completion rates and very few studies have systematically reviewed student performance, motivation, engagement and interactions in MOOCs-based learning in order to provide constructive suggestions for researchers and practitioners. Through content analysis, this study firstly identified top 10 cited works and their major concerns and then discussed student performance, motivation, engagement, and interactions, as well as methods to improve the effectiveness of MOOCs-based learning. It also provides constructive suggestions for future design of MOOCs, and complements for the missing link in literature. Future research could focus on the measurements of variables in MOOCs-based learning in order to improve the quality of MOOCs and help students achieve success in MOOCs.