Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of the Needs of the Counselor Profession in Rejang Lebong and Efforts to make it real

The purpose of this study is to describe the professional needs of counselors in Rejang Lebong and to describe how the efforts of IAIN Curup in realizing the counselor profession are. This type of research is a qualitative research, using interview, observation and documentation analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that first the Counselor Profession is urgently needed in Rejang Lebong because of environmental conditions that require a counselor profession and also the development of the industrial world resulting in the community needing a counselor profession. Due to the needs of great counselor of now day era, this study becomes a problem solver to find the great criteria which is needed for good counselor in the future. What is needed in Rejang Lebong is a counselor who has stable emotions, a counselor who can be used as an example, a counselor who has broad insight, a counselor who can be relied on, and has a solid personality of integrity. The two efforts of IAIN Curup in realizing the counselor profession are quite a lot, including in realizing S1 or S2 counseling guidance, and the existence of an educated profession, as well as the availability of facilities and infrastructure to support learning so that it will produce professional students both in terms of pedagogic, social, personality and personality competencies also profession. This research is limited on counselor characteristics and how to realize it, but this research needs deeper study to analysis counselor problem to become all around-counselor which means can handle every situation.
Charged hadron beam therapy : fast computational physics methods

Charged hadron beams have been investigated for use in radiation therapy of cancer since the 1940s due to their unique potential to place tightly conformal radiation doses deep inside tissue. This is achieved by exploiting the phenomenon of the socalled Bragg peak. In both research and clinical settings, fast and accurate radiation calculations play a crucial role in charged hadron therapy physics. Unfortunately, physicists are often faced with the fundamental trade off of speed versus accuracy in their calculations. This dissertation addresses this trade off by presenting three computational physics methods for specific and general charged hadron beam therapy calculations. In this dissertation the pseudo-Monte Carlo method of track repeating is adapted for fast calculations of linear energy transfer (LET) and for fast estimation of dose in
On the log-canonical threshold for germs of plane curves

In this article we show that for a given, reduced or non reduced, germ of a complex plane curve, there exists a local system of coordinates such that its log-canonical threshold at the singularity can be explicitly computed from the intersection of the boundary of its Newton polygon in such coordinates (degenerated or not) with the diagonal line.
Cardiovascular Disease-Associated MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers of First-Trimester Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the Absence of Other Pregnancy-Related Complications

We assessed the diagnostic potential of cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs for the early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in singleton pregnancies of Caucasian descent in the absence of other pregnancy-related complications. Whole peripheral venous blood samples were collected within 10 to 13 weeks of gestation. This retrospective study involved all pregnancies diagnosed with only GDM (n = 121) and 80 normal term pregnancies selected with regard to equality of sample storage time. Gene expression of 29 microRNAs was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of 11 microRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-574-3p) was observed in pregnancies destinated to develop GDM. Combined screening of all 11 dysregulated microRNAs showed the highest accuracy for the early identification of pregnancies destinated to develop GDM. This screening identified 47.93% of GDM pregnancies at a 10.0% false positive rate (FPR). The predictive model for GDM based on aberrant microRNA expression profile was further improved via the implementation of clinical characteristics (maternal age and BMI at early stages of gestation and an infertility treatment by assisted reproductive technology). Following this, 69.17% of GDM pregnancies were identified at a 10.0% FPR. The effective prediction model specifically for severe GDM requiring administration of therapy involved using a combination of these three clinical characteristics and three microRNA biomarkers (miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, and miR-195-5p). This model identified 78.95% of cases at a 10.0% FPR. The effective prediction model for GDM managed by diet only required the involvement of these three clinical characteristics and eight microRNA biomarkers (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-574-3p). With this, the model identified 50.50% of GDM pregnancies managed by diet only at a 10.0% FPR. When other clinical variables such as history of miscarriage, the presence of trombophilic gene mutations, positive first-trimester screening for preeclampsia and/or fetal growth restriction by the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm, and family history of diabetes mellitus in first-degree relatives were included in the GDM prediction model, the predictive power was further increased at a 10.0% FPR (72.50% GDM in total, 89.47% GDM requiring therapy, and 56.44% GDM managed by diet only). Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs represent promising early biomarkers to be implemented into routine first-trimester screening programs with a very good predictive potential for GDM.
The psychology of poverty and life online: natural experiments on the effects of smartphone payday loan ads on psychological stress

ABSTRACT This study examines how individuals across income classes encountered payday lenders’ appeals online and what their smartphone use reveals about their psychological reactions to these messages. We utilized novel Screenomics data, comprehensive sequences of screenshots (N = 13,498,584) collected every 5 seconds from the smartphones of lower-income and higher-income adults (N = 65) in U.S. metropolitan areas for 2 months. While examining a person’s everyday smartphone use, we observed 103 natural exposures to advertisements of payday lenders who had in the past generated consumer complaints with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. We describe how individuals encountered payday loan ads through various digital channels despite the ad bans of major technology companies. We employed a quasi-experimental design to test for differences in participant actions immediately before and after ad exposure. Multilevel analysis results show that exposure to payday loan ads led to notable changes in the lower-income individuals’ smartphone use. Directly after seeing the ads, the lower-income individuals engaged with content that contained fewer future-oriented words, switched between applications more frequently, and avoided content that evoked negative emotions. Such effects were especially pronounced among the lower-income individuals who lacked the support of social safety nets, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (formerly known as food stamps) and unemployment benefits. In contrast, there were no changes noted in smartphone use among the lower-income individuals receiving social safety net assistance and higher-income individuals. These findings highlight the nuanced yet impactful psychological consequences of digital experiences, an underexplored aspect of digital inequalities.
A river flowing through a desert: late Quaternary environments in the Nile basin – current understanding and unresolved questions

Late Quaternary environments in the Nile Basin reflect the influence of the African summer monsoon upon plant cover, sediment yield and flood discharge in the Ethiopian and Ugandan headwaters of the Nile. Intervals of prolonged and very high Nile flow coincide with times of stronger summer monsoon and have been dated using a combination of 14C, OSL and 10Be methods. Periods of high Nile flow into the eastern Mediterranean coincide with the formation of highly organic sedimentary layers termed sapropels. Ages obtained so far for these times of sustained middle to late Pleistocene high flow in the Blue and White Nile are broadly coeval with sapropel beds S8 (ca 217 ka), S7 (ca 195 ka), S6 (ca 172 ka), S5 (ca 124 ka), S4 (ca 102 ka) S3 (ca 81 ka), S2 (ca 55–50 ka) and S1 (10–6.5 ka). Sapropel 5 (ca 124 ka) was synchronous with extreme Blue Nile floods and the formation of the 386 m lake in the lower White Nile Valley, as well as with a prolonged wet phase in the eastern Sahara. Fluctuations in Nile flow and sapropel formation reflect the influence of the precessional cycle upon the East African monsoon. Between 75 ka and 19 ka the climate in the Nile headwaters region became progressively colder and drier. During the Last Glacial Maximum, Lake Tana in Ethiopia and Lake Victoria in Uganda became dry, flow in the White Nile was reduced to a trickle, and the Blue Nile and Atbara became highly seasonal bed–load rivers. The return of the summer monsoon at 14.5 ka ushered in extreme Blue Nile floods, widespread flooding across the Nile Basin and the formation of the 382 m lake in the lower White Nile Valley. There was a brief return to aridity during the Younger Dryas (12.8–11.5 ka), after which the climate again became wetter and widespread flooding in the Nile Valley resumed. The early Holocene floods were later followed by incision and creation of the modern relatively narrow flood plain.
Information disclosure and bank risk-taking: Empirical evidence from Vietnam

This paper explores the impact of information disclosure and transparency on Vietnamese banks’ risk-taking by using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach with panel data of 28 Vietnamese commercial banks from 2007 to 2019. A notable new contribution of the study is authors constructed a disclosure index for Vietnamese banks and evaluate the impact of bank transparency on bank risk-taking through this index. Research results show that the more transparent and complete information a Vietnamese commercial bank discloses, the safer the bank is. Furthermore, the findings indicate that implementing Basel II improves the influence of transparency and information disclosure on commercial banks' Z-scores substantially.
Estimates of the Bias of Lagged Dependent Variable Coefficient Estimates in Macroeconomic Equations

A stochastic-simulation method is proposed in this paper for obtaining median unbiased estimates of lagged dependent variable coefficients in macroeconomic models. Estimated biases for 13 equations of a macroeconomic model are computed. These biases are on average somewhat smaller in absolute bias than would be expected from Andrews' exact results for an equation with only a constant term, time trend, and lagged dependent variable, although they are larger than would be expected from Hurwicz's original estimates. In a practical sense the estimated biases are not very large because they have little effect on the overall predictive accuracy of the model and on its multiplier properties.
inside a solar ejection' Wind and IMP 8 observations

A solar ejection passed the Wind spacecraft between December 23 and 26, 1996. On closer examination, we find a sequence of ejecta material, as identified by abnormally low proton temperatures, separated by plasmas with typical solar wind temperatures at 1 AU. Large and abrupt changes in field and plasma properties occurred near the separation boundaries of these regions. At the one boundary we examine here, a series of directional discontinuities was observed. We argue that Alfvenic fluctuations in the immediate vicinity of these discontinuities distort minimum variance normals, introducing uncertainty into the identification of the discontinuities as either rotational or tangential. Carrying out a series of tests on plasma and field data including minimum variance, velocity and magnetic field correlations, and jump conditions, we conclude that the discontinuities are tangential. Furthermore, we find waves superposed on these tangential discontinuities (TDs). The presence of discontinuities allows the existence of both surface waves and ducted body waves. Both probably form in the solar atmosphere where many transverse nonuniformities exist and where theoretically they have been expected. We add to prior speculation that waves on discontinuities may in fact be a common occurrence. In the solar wind, these waves can attain large amplitudes and low frequencies. We argue that such waves can generate dynamical changes at TDs through advection or forced reconnection. The dynamics might so extensively alter the internal structure that the discontinuity would no longer be identified as tangential. Such processes could help explain why the occurrence frequency of TDs observed throughout the solar wind falls off with increasing heliocentric distance. The presence of waves may also alter the nature of the interactions of TDs with the Earth's bow shock in so-called hot flow anomalies.
Outils de base pour l'extraction de caractéristiques de surfaces numérisées

La construction d'une surface parametrique a partir de donnees issues de la numerisation d'un objet reel est une etape longue et fastidieuse pour l'utilisateur. La difficulte principale de ce processus reside dans la decomposition de la surface de l'objet en carreaux comportant, de preference, quatre cotes. La segmentation la plus naturelle pour l'utilisateur est une decomposition supportee par des lignes caracteristiques de la surface (aretes vives, lignes de changement de courbure.). En effet, l'utilisation de ces proprietes permet d'obtenir une decomposition representative des caracteristiques geometriques de la surface. Les algorithmes developpes utilisent un modele polyedrique. La technique proposee repose sur des approximations de courbures faites sur les entites (sommets et aretes) du polyedre pour extraire, dans un premier temps, les « aretes vives » et, par la suite, une premiere segmentation de la surface. Les « aretes vives » sont identifiees par un algorithme base sur des criteres appeles invariants de courbures discretes. Ces criteres sont calcules pour chaque sommet et arete du polyedre. Ils sont a rapprocher des approximations de courbures discretes classiques, mais ils definissent la « forme » d'une surface au voisinage d'un sommet ou d'une arete. Le principe d'extraction consiste alors a selectionner un ensemble ordonne d'aretes verifiant certaines proprietes geometriques. Chaque partition ensemble connecte de faces) est une zone de la surface ayant une courbure locale plus ou moins constante. Les partitions sont identifiees grâce a une technique de propagation de fronts. Les faces adjacentes au front sont inserees dans celui-ci si les approximations de courbures calculees sur leurs sommets verifient les criteres de l'algorithme. Les « aretes vives » prealablement extraites permettent de prendre en compte des discontinuites de courbures qui constituent des contraintes complementaires pour la propagation de chaque front.
The Assessment of Quality of the Root Canal Filling and the Number of Visits Needed for Completing Primary Root Canal Treatment by Operators with Different Experience

The main goal of root canal treatment (RCT) is to eradicate or essentially diminish the microbial population within the root canal system and to prevent reinfection by a proper chemo-mechanical preparation and hermetic final obturation of the root canal space. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of the root canal filling and the number of visits needed for completing RCT by operators with different experience, including dentistry students (4th and 5th year), general dental practitioners (GDPs), and endodontists. Data from medical records of 798 patients were analyzed, obtaining 900 teeth and 1773 obturated canals according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A similar number of teeth was assessed in each group in terms of density and length of root canal filling and number of visits. The larger number of visits and the lower quality of treatment was observed for 4th year students than for other groups (p < 0.05); in contrast, the endodontists needed the lowest number of visits to complete RCT and more often overfilled teeth than other operator groups (p < 0.05). Interestingly, no statistical difference in quality of root canal filling was noted between 5th year students, GPDs and endodontists. The treatment of lower teeth demanded statistically more visits than that of upper teeth (p < 0.05). The results of the study emphasize that most of the root canal filling performed by operators was considered adequate, regardless of tooth type, files used and number of visits.
Palaeoclimatic variability during last eight millennia from a morainal lake in Zanskar, northwest Himalaya, India

Centennial–scale palaeoenvironmental variability has been deduced during past eight millennia using multi–proxy study (textural analysis, environmental magnetic parameters, stable carbon isotopes, palynofacies and elemental concentration), from Khangok–Padam in Zanskar Valley, northwest Himalaya. The multi–proxy record from this morainal lake spanning last ~8200 cal years BP has revealed four hydroclimatic phases. The overall progressively improving hydroclimatic trend is indicated by multi proxy study: sediment size/texture (as a proxy for the energy condition and depositional environment), mineral magnetism (proxy for sediment flux or lithogenic input and lithologic variation), carbon isotope signature (δ13Corg) preserved in organic constituents of sediments (a proxy for palaeovegetation and climate change), elemental geochemistry (proxy for weathering and erosion) and selected samples for palynofacies data (a proxy for changes in biological organic matter). This improving hydroclimatic trend is however punctuated by an abrupt wet spell at ~6200–5200 cal years BP and relatively drier climate during the Little Ice Age between 1400 and 1900 CE. The main driving force implicated for the changes are seen to be the solar output variations. The area lying in a transitional climatic zone of NW Himalaya shows no emphatic record of the events like the 4200 cal. years BP, 2600 cal. years BP and Holocene Climatic Optima. Contrary to the earlier studies in the region (e.g., Tsokar and TsoMorari), our results show an improving hydroclimatic condition in this transition climatic zone between the Indian Summer Monsoon dominated Higher and westerly dominated Trans Himalaya.
Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure Response to Exercise in Peripheral Artery Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms, Human Studies, to Intervention Strategy Development

Sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) regulates the contraction of vascular smooth muscle and leads to a change in arterial blood pressure (BP). It was observed that SNA, vascular contractility, and BP are heightened in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) during exercise. The exercise pressor reflex (EPR), a neural mechanism responsible for BP response to activation of muscle afferent nerve, is a determinant of the exaggerated exercise-induced BP rise in PAD. Based on recent results obtained from a series of studies in PAD patients and a rat model of PAD, this review will shed light on SNA-driven BP response and the underlying mechanisms by which receptors and molecular mediators in muscle afferent nerves mediate the abnormalities in autonomic activities of PAD. Intervention strategies, particularly non-pharmacological strategies, improving the deleterious exercise-induced SNA and BP in PAD, and enhancing tolerance and performance during exercise will also be discussed.
Is the Transition Redshift a New Cosmological Number

Observations from Supernovae Type Ia (SNe Ia) provided strong evidence for an expanding accelerating Universe at intermediate redshifts. This means that the Universe underwent a transition from deceleration to acceleration phases at a transition redshift $z_t$ of the order unity whose value in principle depends on the cosmology as well as on the assumed gravitational theory. Since cosmological accelerating models endowed with a transition redshift are extremely degenerated, in principle, it is interesting to know whether the value of $z_t$ itself can be observationally used as a new cosmic discriminator. After a brief discussion of the potential dynamic role played by the transition redshift, it is argued that future observations combining SNe Ia, the line-of-sight (or "radial") baryon acoustic oscillations, the differential age of galaxies, as well as the redshift drift of the spectral lines may tightly constrain $z_t$, thereby helping to narrow the parameter space for the most realistic models describing the accelerating Universe.
One Dimensional Scattering Problems: A Pedagogical Presentation of the Relationship between Reflection and Transmission Amplitudes

In this article we provide a pedagogical introduction to scattering theory in one space dimension. This is an elegant topic that is mathematically simple and physically transparent. We shall apply the Schrodinger equation to a generic system to identify the Bogoliubov coefficients. Furthermore, we shall then derive a number of significant relationships between reflection and transmission amplitudes.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Gut Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas

Simple Summary Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) may protect against colorectal adenoma development, and the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites (particularly bile acids) are important in dietary fat metabolism. We aimed to evaluate the impacts of ω-3 PUFAs, gut microbiota, and bile acids (BAs) on colorectal adenoma occurrence in a case–control study (n = 435) with 16s rRNA sequencing and global metabolomics (subset n = 50) measurements. We observed that ω-3 PUFA intake was associated with an 11–55% risk reduction in developing colorectal adenoma, and the association was modified by the gut bacterial evenness level. We also found that three specific gut bacteria and four BAs metabolites that were measured in normal colonic mucosa tissue were positively associated with colorectal adenomas. These findings provide important insights and imply that the improvement of ω-3 PUFA intake and/or alterations in the gut microbial environment may become a potential risk reduction strategy for colorectal cancer prevention. Abstract Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are thought to protect against colorectal adenoma (CRA) development. We aimed to further understand the underlying mechanisms by examining the relationships between ω-3 PUFAs and the gut microbiota on CRAs. We assessed the mucosal microbiota via bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing among 217 CRA cases and 218 controls who completed PUFA intake questionnaires. The overall microbial composition was assessed by α-diversity measurements (diversity, richness, and evenness). Global metabolomics was conducted using a random subset of case–control pairs (n = 50). We compared microbiota and metabolite signatures between cases and controls according to fold change (FC). Odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from logistic regression for associations of ω-3 PUFAs and the microbiota with CRAs. We observed an inverse association between overall ω-3 PUFA intake and CRAs, especially for short-chain ω -3 PUFAs (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.97). Such inverse associations were modified by bacterial evenness (p-interaction = 0.03). Participants with higher levels (FC > 2) of bile acid-relevant metabolites were more likely to have CRAs than the controls, and the correlation between bile acids and bacterial diversity differed by case–control status. Our findings suggest that ω-3 PUFAs are inversely associated with CRA development, and the association may be modified by gut microbiota profiles.