Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Initiating Salt Tectonics by Tilting: Viscous Coupling Between a Tilted Salt Layer and Overlying Brittle Sediment

Salt basins often exhibit a shelf/slope region of extension and a deeper domain of contraction. The up‐slope normal faults in such salt tectonics systems are often associated with the pinch‐out edge of the buried salt layer. Although the spatial correlation between the normal faults and the salt pinch‐out was previously observed, the mechanism was not fully explained. The Levant basin, which is a young and mildly deformed salt basin with a relatively thin overburden, provides an opportunity to analyze a simple salt tectonics system driven by basin margin tilt, and the formation of the normal faults. This work presents analytical and numerical modeling of the coupled viscous salt and overlying visco‐plastic sediment layer. Results suggest the viscosities of both the sediment overburden and salt, as well as their thicknesses, control the deformation of the coupled layers. The visco‐plastic deformation mechanism explains quantitatively the position of faulting and observations of the temporal evolution of brittle deformation in the Levant basin margin. It predicts that the largest stress in the overburden arises above the salt edge, driving normal faulting at that location. Our model also places quantitative constraints on the effective viscosity of the overburden (>2 × 1020 Pa s), which is consistent with experimentally‐determined creep laws. Our results contribute to the understanding of halokinematics in salt basins during the early stages of deformation and will allow better assessment of geological hazards related to salt related deformation.
Emergy as a Tool to Evaluate Ecosystem Services: A Systematic Review of the Literature

The objective of this paper is to present a review of current research on the valuation of ecosystem services, using emergy evaluation methodology (EME). A bibliometric analysis and a systematic review were carried out between 2000 and 2020, using all of Web of Science database subfields that collected 187 papers, selected through the keywords “emergy” and “ecosystem services”. In the second part of the research, we carried out a new search on Web of Science of the 187 initial articles produced, with the words “valuation” and “economic”, in order to analyze those directly related to the evaluation of ecosystem services. The results showed that the EME method is an effective tool to evaluate ecosystem services, since it relates economic and ecological aspects in the evaluations. The research also indicated that the use of isolated methods does not appear to be the most appropriate solution, and that emergy used in combination with other methodologies can be used to obtain more accurate and comprehensive results to evaluate natural resources.
Analyzing the Resilience of Convolutional Neural Networks Implemented on GPUs

There have been an extensive use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in healthcare applications. Presently, GPUs are the most prominent and dominated DNN accelerators to increase the execution speed of CNN algorithms to improve their performance as well as the Latency. However, GPUs are prone to soft errors. These errors can impact the behaviors of the GPU dramatically. Thus, the generated fault may corrupt data values or logic operations and cause errors, such as Silent Data Corruption. unfortunately, soft errors propagate from the physical level (microarchitecture) to the application level (CNN model). This paper analyzes the reliability of the AlexNet model based on two metrics: (1) critical kernel vulnerability (CKV) used to identify the malfunction and light- malfunction errors in each kernel, and (2) critical layer vulnerability (CLV) used to track the malfunction and light-malfunction errors through layers. To achieve this, we injected the AlexNet which was popularly used in healthcare applications on NVIDIA’s GPU, using the SASSIFI fault injector as the major evaluator tool. The experiments demonstrate through the average error percentage that caused malfunction of the models has been reduced from 3.7% to 0.383% by hardening only the vulnerable part with the overhead only 0.2923%. This is a high improvement in the model reliability for healthcare applications.
Design and construction of a localized surface plasmon resonance-based gold nanobiosensor for rapid detection of brucellosis

In this study, a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) nanobiosensor was designed to quantify anti-Brucella antibodies in the human sera. Smooth Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was extracted from Brucella melitensis via a modified hot phenol water method and fixed on the surface of the gold nanoparticles by covalent interactions with the functionalized nanoparticles. To obtain the best performance from the designed probe, the ratio of LPS to gold nanoparticle was optimized. Dynamic light scattering was used for the characterization of the probe. The reduction of the LSPR peak at 600nm was used to quantify the amount of captured anti-Brucella antibody. Finally, satisfactory results were obtained when the nanobiosensor was used to analyze the control and patient sera for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies.
Problematising the Official Athens Mosque: Between Mere Place of Worship and 21st Century ‘Trojan Horse’

This article investigates the ‘problematisation’ of the recently inaugurated mosque in the city of Athens, the capital’s first ‘official’ mosque since the country was liberated from the Ottoman Empire almost two centuries ago. Building on and developing the existing scholarly literature on the problematisation of mosques in the contemporary European setting, this article generates new knowledge by focusing on the Greco-specific context of that same problematisation: an amalgam of history, geography, religion and culture, that asymmetrically shape and inform how and why the new Athens mosque is—and indeed continues to be—a site of conflict and opposition. Presenting new empirical data, this article uses an innovative and original approach to bring together two separate pieces of fieldwork undertaken first-hand by the authors in 2001/2 and 2019/20. Analysing the two sets of data, a threefold thematic structure is employed that focuses on Greece’s history, Christian Orthodoxy and global terrorism. This article first explores the existing scholarly canon relating to the contemporary problematisation of mosques through a focused overview of Greece’s history, religion and culture appropriate to mosques and in part, Muslims and Islam. From there it sets out the findings from the two periods of fieldwork to illustrate and evidence discourses of opposition towards the mosque and how these serve to function both symbolically and tangibly. Using the thematic analysis, theories relating to the ideological processes of Islamophobia are deployed to elucidate a better understanding of the Athens mosque. In doing so, this article makes a timely contribution.
THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN INNOVATION PERFORMANCE: TRANSACTIONAL VERSUS TRANSFORMATIONAL STYLE

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of transactional and transformational on the innovation performance of lecturers. The population of this research is all lecturers at a private university in Tangerang totaling 180 people. The research sample used a random sampling method. The data used are primary data collected through a questionnaire. The number of returned and valid questionnaires was 120 samples. The data is processed using Structural Equating Model (SEM). The results of the study conclude that transactional and transformational leadership have a positive impact on the innovation performance of lecturers. This study proposes a model to improve the performance of lecturers in Tangerang through improving leadership practices in universities. This study can pave the way to improve the readiness of lecturers in facing the 4.0 education era. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh transaksional dan transformasional terhadap kinerja inovasi dosen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh dosen pada salah satu universitas swasta di Tangerang berjumlah 180 orang. Sampel penelitian menggunakan random sampling method. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Jumlah kuesioner yang kembali dan valid sebanyak 120 sampel. Data diolah dengan menggunakan Structural Equating Model (SEM). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kepemimpinan transaksional dan transformasional berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja inovasi dosen. Penelitian ini mengusulkan model untuk meningkatkan kinerja dosen di Tangerang melalui peningkatan praktik kepemimpinan di perguruan tinggi. Kajian ini dapat membuka jalan untuk meningkatkan kesiapan dosen dalam menghadapi era pendidikan 4.0.
Inhibitory Control Training (ICT) Reduces The Consumption of Nicotine Among Young, Healthy Female Smokers

Inhibitory control training (ICT) proved to be effective in the reduction of unhealthy food or alcohol consumption, but its efficacy in smoking reduction is hard to estimate due to the scarcity of relevant research. In our randomized controlled trial, the participants (N = 84) were recruited from the population of young healthy female smokers who were motivated to quit. The experimental group underwent an ICT procedure based on the Go/No Go paradigm. The predetermined stop signals (‘no go’ condition) were associated mostly with smoking-related pictures (90% consistency), whereas the response signals were associated with matched neutral pictures. There were two active control groups: the first had an equal proportion of neutral and smoking-related pictures in the ‘go’ and ‘no go’ trials; the second trained inhibitory control according to the same scheme as the experimental group, but the participants were not exposed to any smoking-related cues. All groups underwent 13 training sessions over 25 days. All participants completed a battery of questionnaires and cognitive tasks three times: before training, after its completion, and two months later. We found that all participants reduced the feeling of craving and devalued the smoking-related pictures. Since there were no between-group differences, these effects probably did not result from ICT. However, we found that the experimental group smoked significantly less cigarettes than the control groups; they also reduced the number of smoking days during the preceding 30-day period. The results suggest that extensive ICT training may serve as an effective method of reducing nicotine intake.
The Effects of Atmospheric Oscillations on Crop Yield in the Mediterranean Region, Turkey

In the last century climate change is a major threat to biodiversity, ecosystem services, and human well‐being. Atmospheric oscillations that occur at the regional oceanic flow pattern may affect significantly the climate of the Earth. In this study, we investigate effects of ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) and NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) on the Mediterranean crop yield using the Nino 3, Nino3.4, Nino 4, ONI and NAO indices. Olive, which is a bioindicator type in the Mediterranean, and cotton and grapes with high yield and economic value crops were examined. As a method, firstly, Mann Kendall rank correlation test was applied to the yield values ​​of the crops. After the 2000s, it has been determined that the trend of yield has changed and was obtained an increasing trend. Secondly, the correlation between the yields and the indices ​​were determined with the Spearman correlation coefficient. Accordingly, a high correlation of 50% and 80% was found at the p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.00 significance level in the phenological periods of the crops. The highest correlations were determined especially during flowering period with El Nino indices. The frequency of the correlation detected with the NAO indece is weak. The effect on the efficiency of the phases when El Nino indices are strong was examined graphically. Accordingly, in the 1997 and 2015-2016 periods, when the El Nino phenomen was very stong, there were sharply decreases in the crop yields. It is seriously affects the countries whose economic activity is based on agriculture in the Mediterranean Basin, and it is likely to affect food industry in the future.
Numerical Simulation of Slip effect on Lid-Driven Cavity Flow Problem for High Reynolds Number: Vorticity – Stream Function Approach

Incompressible 2-D Navier-stokes equations for various values of Reynolds number with and without partial slip conditions are studied numerically. The Lid-Driven cavity (LDC) with uniform driven lid problem is employed with vorticity - Stream function (VSF) approach. The uniform mesh grid is used in finite difference approximation for solving the governing Navier-stokes equations and developed MATLAB code. The numerical method is validated with benchmark results. The present work is focused on the analysis of lid driven cavity flow of incompressible fluid with partial slip conditions (imposed on side walls of the cavity). The fluid flow patterns are studied with wide range of Reynolds number and slip parameters.
Fabrication and characterization of freeze dried strontium-doped bioactive glasses/chitosan composite scaffolds for biomedical engineering

ABSTRACT With the emerging development of bioactive glass (BG), it has been regarded as a potential candidate for bone and tissue engineering due to its superior bioactivity and osteoconductivity. In addition, chitosan is a functional material for medical applications owing to its biocompatibility and biodegradability while playing an important role in the cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. In the present work, preparations of Sr-BG/chitosan composite scaffolds were fabricated by freeze drying technique. The microstructure and porosity of the scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The swelling and degradation behaviors were examined and corresponding mechanical properties were measured using universal testing machine. In addition, in vitro bioactivity was evaluated following Kokubo’s protocol and the cytotoxicity was carried out using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Finally, formation mechanisms of the microstructures were discussed, while the improved bioactivity and cell viability were demonstrated, indicating its potential in the field of tissue engineering.
Blockchain‐based framework of power demand response in China

Demand response is recognized as an effective solution for eliminating power ﬂuctuations and satisfying capacity constraints in power systems. A growing customer base equipped with energy storage and intelligent power meter on the demand side has resulted in the strong interest of China’s power companies in demand response. However, most exiting demand response programs in China are based on a centralized framework, which is eas-ier for management, but cannot support a large number of scattered small-scale users’ participation effectively. Therefore, taking the desired features of blockchain technology, such as decentralization, trustworthiness, trackability, and immutability into considera-tion, the applicability of blockchain in demand response is analyzed. On this basis, a new blockchain-based framework of China’s typical demand response programs is proposed, in which consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, and smart contract of blockchain are applied to the process of invitation, bidding, and settlement in demand response. Fur-thermore, the development suggestions of China’s demand response based on blockchain technology are put forward from the aspects of trading products, credit management, and platform construction at the end of this work.
What defines insularity for plants in edaphic islands?

The theory of island biogeography postulates that size and isolation are key drivers of biodiversity on islands. This theory has been applied not only to true (e.g. oceanic) islands but also to terrestrial island-like systems (e.g. edaphic islands). Recently, a debate has opened as to whether terrestrial island-like systems function like true islands. However, identifying the effect of insularity in terrestrial systems is conceptually and methodologically challenging because recognizing species source(s) and measuring isolation is not as straightforward as for true islands. We contribute to the debate by proposing an approach to contextualize the definition of insularity and to identify the role of isolation in terrestrial island-like systems. To test this approach, we explored the relationship between insularity predictors and specialist species richness of edaphic islands in three systems in Europe (spring fens, mountaintops, and outcrops). We detected that insularity affected specialist richness of edaphic islands through island size and target effect (i.e. an emergent property of islands depending on their isolation and size). As predicted by the Theory of Island Biogeography, species richness decreased with increasing isularity. Given the comprehensiveness and ease of implementation of our approach, we encourage its extension to other island-like systems.
The Crisis of Social Institutions and Police Homicides: The Adverse Effects of Low Institutional Control

Using U.S. census data and a multi-source database on officer-involved killings, the current study extends previous research by exploring the influence of measures of weak social control in economic, educational, and familial institutions on state rates of police homicide. States with lower levels of institutional control are found to have higher overall rates of police homicides and police killings involving Black, Hispanic, and White decedents. The significant effects of institutional control on these police homicide rates are generally found to exhibit contextual invariance across different levels of various control variables (e.g., comparisons of states with low or high violent crime rates, low vs high economic inequality, low vs high levels of urbanization). These results and the limitations of this study are discussed in terms of implications for future research and public policy on police homicides and the role of social institutions in minimizing the occurrence of these incidents.
Ribosome shut-down by 16S rRNA fragmentation in stationary phase E. coli

Stationary-phase bacterial cells are characterized by vastly reduced metabolic activities yielding a dormant-like phenotype. Several hibernation programs ensure the establishment and maintenance of this resting growth state. Some of the stationary phase-specific modulations affect the ribosome and its translational activity directly. In stationary-phase Escherichia coli, we observed the appearance of a 16S rRNA fragmentation event at the tip of helix 6 within the small ribosomal subunit (30S). Stationary-phase 30S subunits showed markedly reduced activities in protein biosynthesis. On the other hand, the functional performance of stationary-phase large ribosomal subunits (50S) was indistinguishable from particles isolated from exponentially growing cells. Introduction of the 16S rRNA cut in vitro at helix 6 of exponential phase 30S subunits renders them less efficient in protein biosynthesis. This indicates that the helix 6 fragmentation is necessary and sufficient to attenuate translational activities of 30S ribosomal subunits. These results suggest that stationary phase specific cleavage of 16S rRNA within the 30S subunit is an efficient means to reduce global translation activities under non-proliferating growth conditions. To understand better the process of before-mentioned 16S rRNA fragmentation and its physiological importance we are currently in the process of identifying factors involved. In addition, by mutating sequence of the helix 6 we want to identify important structural properties of the helix and the role of the before-mentioned 16S rRNA fragmentation in the cellular physiology. In addition, we have indications that similar fragmentation is present in distinctly related bacterial species.
Multimodal FACED imaging for large-scale single-cell morphological profiling

Free-space angular-chirp-enhanced delay (FACED) is an ultrafast laser-scanning technique that allows for high imaging speed at the scale orders of magnitude greater than the current technologies. However, this speed advantage has only been restricted to bright-field and fluorescence imaging—limiting the variety of image contents and hindering its applicability in image-based bioassay, which increasingly demands rich phenotypic readout at a large scale. Here, we present a new high-speed quantitative phase imaging (QPI) based on time-interleaved phase-gradient FACED image detection. We further integrate this system with a microfluidic flow cytometer platform that enables synchronized and co-registered single-cell QPI and fluorescence imaging at an imaging throughput of 77 000 cells/s with sub-cellular resolution. Combined with deep learning, this platform empowers comprehensive image-based profiling of single-cell biophysical phenotypes that can offer not only sufficient label-free power for cell-type classification but also cell-cycle phase tracking with high accuracy comparable to the gold-standard fluorescence method. This platform further enables correlative, compartment-specific single-cell analysis of the spatially resolved biophysical profiles at the throughput inaccessible with existing QPI methods. The high imaging throughput and content given by this multimodal FACED imaging system could open new opportunities in image-based single-cell analysis, especially systematic analysis that correlates the biophysical and biochemical information of cells, and provide new mechanistic insights into biophysical heterogeneities in many biological processes.
Are Brazilian adolescents eating enough fruits and vegetables? An assessment using data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the usual consumption of fruits and vegetables by Brazilian adolescents. Methods We used 24-hour dietary recall data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents conducted in 2013-2014 with 71,740 adolescents between 12 and 17 years old. The usual consumption of fruits and vegetables was estimated in the Statistical Analysis Software using the model of the United States National Cancer Institute, and evaluated according to sex, age, place of residence, economic class, and nutritional status of the participants. Results The mean of usual fruit and vegetable consumption was estimated at 171g/day, mostly fruits (128g/day), mainly in the form of fruit juice (64.8%). The minimum fruit and vegetable consumption of 400g/day recommended by the World Health Organization was reached only by 2% of the adolescents. The adolescents’ socioeconomic class or nutritional status had no impact on the usual fruit and vegetable consumption, but adolescents from northern Brazil had a significantly lower consumption than those from the midwestern region. Orange was both the most consumed fruit on a daily basis (mean of 42.6g/day, 90% as juice) and the most reported fruit (by 12.7% of the adolescents), followed by apples (10g/day; 5.6%) and bananas (8.4g/day; 8.3%). Tomato was the most consumed vegetable (9.2g/day), reported by 11.5% of the adolescents. Conclusion Public health policies are necessary to encourage fruit and vegetable consumption among Brazilian adolescents, including of pure juice, essential foods to prevent chronic diseases in adulthood.