Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heuristic approach to construct three-dimensional codes for feedback-based MIMO-CDMA

We propose feedback-controlled code-division multiple access (FC-CDMA) using the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technique. The proposed system generates a space-time-frequency (STF) code at the finite-duration impulse response (FIR) filter in the receiver. The proposed system obtains path diversity gain, frequency diversity gain, and space diversity gain, and increases the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR). It is shown that the proposed system provides us with a significant improvement in asynchronous MIMO multiple access performance over multipath channels.
Properties of distance spaces with power triangle inequalities

Metric spaces provide a framework for analysis and have several very useful properties. Many of these properties follow in part from the triangle inequality. However, there are several applications in which the triangle inequality does not hold but in which we may still like to perform analysis. This paper investigates what happens if the triangle inequality is removed all together, leaving what is called a distance space, and also what happens if the triangle inequality is replaced with a much more general two parameter relation, which is herein called the "power triangle inequality". The power triangle inequality represents an uncountably large class of inequalities, and includes the triangle inequality, relaxed triangle inequality, and inframetric inequality as special cases. The power triangle inequality is defined in terms of a function that is herein called the power triangle function. The power triangle function is itself a power mean, and as such is continuous and monotone with respect to its exponential parameter, and also includes the operations of maximum, minimum, mean square, arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and harmonic mean as special cases.
Identification of young people at risk of psychosis: validation of Personal Assessment and Crisis Evaluation Clinic intake criteria.

OBJECTIVE To describe the development and validation of the criteria used at the Personal Assessment and Crisis Evaluation (PACE) Clinic to identify young people at 'ultra-high' risk of developing a psychotic disorder within a short follow-up period. METHOD The PACE Clinic criteria initially grew out of clinical observations and retrospective research describing the prodromal phase of first-episode psychosis. Early prospective research refined the criteria into the three intake groups for the Clinic. These criteria combine putative state and trait risk factors for psychosis. Whether or not a person meets criteria for one or more of these groups can usually be determined by a thorough psychological assessment interview. Two early studies are described that assess the validity of this screening protocol. RESULTS The transition rate to acute psychosis of the 'ultra-high' risk group identified in the second study was 41%. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that it is possible to accurately identify young people at imminent risk of psychosis. The PACE criteria have now been adopted (or adapted) by a number of other clinical research programs both in Australia (i.e. Psychological Assistance Service in Newcastle) and other programs in the United States and elsewhere. This research may lead the way to the development of preventive interventions for the ultra-high risk group.
Design and implementation of an efficient and programmable future internet testbed in Taiwan

Internet has played an important part in the success of information technologies. With the growing and changing demands, there are many limitations faced by current Internet. A number of network testbeds are created for solving a set of specific problems in Internet. Traditionally, these testbeds are lacking of large scale network and flexibility. Therefore, it is necessary to design and implement a testbed which can support wide range of experiments and has the ability of programmable network. Besides, there has been a big change enabled by cloud computing in recent years. Although networking technologies have lagged behind the advances in server virtualization, the networking is still an importance component to interconnect among virtual machines. There are also measurement issues with growing number of virtual machines in the same host. Therefore, we also propose integrating management functions of virtual network in our testbed. In this paper, we design and create a Future Internet testbed in Taiwan over TWAREN Research Network. This testbed evolves into an environment for programmable network and cloud computing. This paper also presents several finished and ongoing experiments on the testbed for multiple aspects including topology discovery, multimedia streaming, and virtual network integration. We will continue to extend our testbed and propose innovative applications for the next generation Internet.
Pedestrian Oriented Vehicular Collision Avoidance Support System: P-VCASS

In recent years, researchers have studied extensively about vehicle collision avoidance. The authors have developed Vehicular Collision Avoidance Support System (VCASS) based on IVC in order to prevent a vehicular collision beforehand. The system grasps the relative locations of vehicles by exchanging the GPS information in each vehicle. Then the system warns drivers if it detects some danger of collision. VCASS can drastically reduce the potential accidents of vehicular collisions. However, VCASS can not avoid collisions between vehicles and pedestrians, but avoid collisions just between vehicles. About 30% of fatal accidents by vehicles are happened with pedestrians in Japan. So it is necessary to develop a new system for pedestrians. This paper deals with collision avoidance between pedestrians and vehicles. There are two problems to develop such system. First it is necessary to reduce the power consumption of the pedestrian terminal, because pedestrian terminals have small-sized battery compared with vehicles. Second it is necessary to consider the movement characteristic of the pedestrian. In this paper, we propose a new Pedestrian-Vehicular Collision Avoidance Support System (P-VCASS) which extends VCASS. P-VCASS solves above two problems. We show the validity of the proposed system by experiments using some vehicles.
Ability of clinical pharmacists in a community pharmacy setting to manage anticoagulation therapy.

OBJECTIVES To determine the ability of community pharmacists within an anticoagulation clinic to keep international normalized ratios (INRs) within therapeutic ranges and, secondarily, to determine the incidence of bleeding and thromboembolic events and patient satisfaction. DESIGN Retrospective observational study. SETTING Eckerd PatientCARE Network in Eckerd pharmacies in Tampa Bay area of Florida. PATIENTS 50 patients taking warfarin and having INR determinations for 6 consecutive months. INTERVENTIONS Clinical pharmacists monitored patients' anticoagulation status using point-of-care analyzers and making dosage changes as needed under a collaborative agreement. Extensive patient education was provided to patients regarding their anticoagulation. Data were collected from the initial visit through the 6 consecutive months. Patients were surveyed to assess their satisfaction with the clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Percentage of INRs within therapeutic range and, secondarily, incidence of bleeding and thromboembolic events and patient satisfaction with the clinic. RESULTS During the 6 months of initial therapy with warfarin, 243 of 435 (56%) INRs were in desired therapeutic ranges. A total of 15 bleeding episodes were reported, of which 10 were minor and 5 were significant. No thromboembolic events were reported. There was a 22% response rate to the survey, in which all statements were rated as above average to excellent. CONCLUSION Community pharmacists in an anticoagulation clinic effectively manage anticoagulation therapy, as the results of this clinic are similar to those of clinics managed by pharmacists in other settings.
Religiosity After a Diagnosis of Cancer Among Older Adults

This analysis examined changes in religiosity using the Duke Religiosity Scale among community-dwelling cancer survivors. Participants age 65+ were interviewed at baseline and four years later. In comparison to persons without a cancer diagnosis (N = 485) and participants with a baseline diagnosis (N = 94), newly diagnosed participants (N = 45) were more likely to decrease church attendance. Although not statistically significant, a larger proportion of recently diagnosed persons increased non-organizational religiosity behaviors and intrinsic religiosity. Baseline religiosity was the strongest predictor of religiosity at 48 months, indicating stability in religiosity over time, even in the context of a cancer diagnosis.
Relationship between housework and perceived happiness of middle-aged and older women in Taiwan—The moderating effect of health condition

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated how physical health moderates the effect of housework on the perceived well-being in a sample of middle-aged and older women living with a partner in Taiwan. Two main findings were identified: First, the health status of middle-aged and older women moderates the relationship between their sense of housework fairness and perceived happiness. Second, the health status of their spouse moderates the relationship between their housework performance and perceived happiness.
Flushing Effect of Rain on Container-Inhabiting Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract We investigated the role of heavy rain on container-inhabiting mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) populations, and how different species may have adapted to such conditions. Rains were created with a rain simulator calibrated to natural rain intensities in the habitats of two important vector species: Aedes aegypti (L.) from northern Thailand and Culex pipiens L. from New York state, USA. Immature stages of Ae. aegypti were able to resist the flushing effect of rain better than Cx. pipiens. This difference was most dramatic during the pupal stage. Fourth instars of Ae. aegypti were not affected by flushing when exposed for longer rain intervals (30 versus 60 min) or at a colder water temperature (24 versus 16°C). In contrast, significantly more Cx. pipiens larvae flushed out with longer rain exposure. Warmer water temperatures also increased the proportion of Cx. pipiens flushed out, but mostly at the longest exposure time. Container position (tilted at a 7° angle or level) did not affect proportions of fourth instars flushed out for both species. More accurate models of vector-borne diseases can be developed by incorporating the described effects of rain on container-breeding mosquito populations. Such models may provide more realistic assessments of disease risk and ensure optimal use of limited financial resources of mosquito control agencies.
Localization of Neuropeptide Y Y1 mRNA in the Human Brain: Abundant Expression in Cerebral Cortex and Striatum

Many neurobiological functions have been ascribed to the NPY Y1 receptor subtype, but autoradiographic analysis has failed to detect Y1 binding sites in most human brain areas, in contrast to the rat. We examined the regional distribution of Y1 mRNA‐containing cells in the post‐mortem human brain to clarify if there is a major species difference in terms of the existence of Y1 receptors in the human telencephalon, in particular the striatum and cortex. In situ hybridization experiments revealed widespread distribution of Y1 mRNA signals in all layers of most limbic and neocortical regions, predominantly in layer IV (most cortical regions) and layer VI. The striatum showed moderate Y1 receptor mRNA expression levels with intensely expressing cells localized to the nucleus accumbens. The highest Y1 receptor mRNA expression was apparent within the dentate gyrus, and the lowest in the subiculum, parahippocampal gyrus, cerebellum, and thalamus. In vitro autoradiography using [125I]Leu31Pro34‐PYY and [125I]PYY with NPY (13–36) or Leu31 Pro34 NPY; confirmed the presence of low Y1–like binding in the human brain despite abundant Y1 mRNA expression. However, using a rat model of the human autopsy process, it was apparent that the inability to reveal high Y1– versus Y2–like receptors in the human brain was related in part to marked reductions of Y1–like, but not Y2–like, receptors within a 4 h post‐mortem delay. Altogether, the results indicate that the Y1 receptor gene is abundant in the human brain and this receptor may have important roles in cognitive, limbic and motor function.
A Critical Systematic Review of Alcohol-Related Outcome Expectancies

To assess the validity of the research into alcohol-related outcome expectancies a systematic review of 80 articles published between 1970 and 2013 was conducted. Participant gender, age, and contextual influences are highlighted as possible causes of the observed variations in research findings. There is a need for fuller consideration of the influences of demographics and environmental and social contexts on research findings. It is recommended that alcohol intake measures should be standardized to a greater degree in future research. Contextual influences on expectancies also require extensive future investigation to increase the validity of research and improve alcohol-related interventions.
A profile of children with complex chronic conditions at end of life among Medicaid beneficiaries: implications for health care reform.

BACKGROUND As the United States braces for full implementation of health care reform, the eyes of the nation are on Medicaid. The large number of newly eligible Medicaid beneficiaries may challenge health care resources and ultimately impact quality of care. This is a special concern among current Medicaid beneficiaries such as children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) who have significant health care needs, especially at end of life (EOL). Yet, a comprehensive profile of these children is lacking. OBJECTIVE To understand the demographic and health characteristics, health care utilization, and expenditures among Medicaid children with CCCs at EOL. METHODS Our study used a retrospective cohort design with data from the 2007 and 2008 California Medicaid data files. Descriptive statistics were used to profile children in the last year of life. RESULTS We found a diverse group of children who suffered with serious, multiple chronic conditions, and who accessed comprehensive, multidisciplinary care. Most children had neuromuscular conditions (54%), cardiovascular conditions (46%), and cancer (30%). A majority (56%) had multiple CCCs. Children with CCCs received comprehensive care including hospital inpatient (67%), primary (82%), ancillary (87%), and other acute care services (83%); however, few children utilized hospice and home health care services (26%). Significant age differences existed among the children. CONCLUSIONS The current California Medicaid system appears to provide comprehensive care for children at EOL. The underutilization of hospice and home health services, however, represents an opportunity to improve the quality of EOL care while potentially reducing or remaining budget neutral.
Effect of luminal Ca2+on the stability of coupled gating between ryanodine receptors from the rat heart

Aim: Two or more RYR2 channels reconstituted into a bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) can open and close either independently (single gating) or simultaneously (coupled gating). The coupled gating phenomenon has been suggested as an attractive candidate for a termination mechanism of Ca2+release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, required for periodic contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle.
Implementation of network traffic classifier using semi supervised machine learning approach

Network Traffic Classification using classical techniques such as port number based and payload based is becoming very difficult because many applications use dynamic port number and encryption technique to avoid detection. To overcome the drawbacks of classical techniques various machine learning techniques were proposed. Machine learning technique faces the problem of labeled instances (in supervised learning) and time consuming manual work (in unsupervised learning). To address the above problems we proposed a semi supervised machine learning technique. The key idea of proposed technique is to build a classifier from training dataset consisting of both labeled and unlabeled instances. For experimental purpose KDD CUP 99 intrusion detection dataset and MATLAB tool is used. We evaluate and compare the performance of the classifier build with 10%, 20% and 30% labeled instances in training dataset. The result of experiments show that classifier build with 30% labeled instances in training dataset has better performance at number of clusters equals to 50.
Instruction-set matching and selection for DSP and ASIP code generation

The increasing use of digital signal processors (DSPs) and application specific instruction-set processors (ASIPs) has put a strain on the perceived mature state of compiler technology. The presence of custom hardware for application-specific needs has introduced instruction types which are unfamiliar to the capabilities of traditional compilers. Thus, these traditional techniques can lead to inefficient and sparsely compacted machine microcode. In this paper, we introduce a novel instruction-set matching and selection methodology, based upon a rich representation useful for DSP and mixed control-oriented applications. This representation shows explicit behaviour that references architecture resource classes. This allows a wide range of instructions types to be captured in a pattern set. The pattern set has been organized in a manner such that matching is extremely efficient and retargeting to architectures with new instruction sets is well defined. The matching and selection algorithms have been implemented in a retargetable code generation system called CodeSyn. <<ETX>>
The NINDS-Canadian stroke network vascular cognitive impairment neuropsychology protocols in Chinese

Background and purpose Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) affects up to half of stroke survivors and predicts poor outcomes. Valid and reliable assessement for VCI is lacking, especially for the Chinese population. In 2005, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Canadian Stroke Network (NINDS-CSN) Harmonisation workshop proposed a set of three neuropsychology protocols for VCI evaluation. This paper is to introduce the protocol design and to report the psychometric properties of the Chinese NINDS-CSN VCI protocols. Methods Fifty patients with mild stroke (mean National Institute of Health Stroke Scale 2.2 (SD=3.2)) and 50 controls were recruited. The NINDS-CSN VCI protocols were adapted into Chinese. We assessed protocols’ (1) external validity, defined by how well the protocol summary scores differentiated patients from controls using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis; (2) concurrent validity, by correlations with functional measures including Stroke Impact Scale memory score and Chinese Disability Assessment for Dementia; (3) internal consistency; and (4) ease of administration. Results All three protocols differentiated patients from controls (area under ROC for the three protocols between 0.77 to 0.79, p<0.001), and significantly correlated with the functional measures (Pearson r ranged from 0.37 to 0.51). A cut-off of 19/20 on MMSE identified only one-tenth of patients classified as impaired on the 5-min protocol. Cronbach's α across the four cognitive domains of the 60-min protocol was 0.78 for all subjects and 0.76 for stroke patients. Conclusions The Chinese NINDS-CSN VCI protocols are valid and reliable for cognitive assessment in Chinese patients with mild stroke.
The Significance of Circulating Factor IXa in Blood*

The presence of activation peptides (AP) of the vitamin K-dependent proteins in the phlebotomy blood of human subjects suggests that active serine proteases may circulate in blood as well. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the influence of trace amounts of key coagulation proteases on tissue factor-independent thrombin generation using three models of coagulation. With procoagulants and select coagulation inhibitors at mean physiological concentrations, concentrations of factor IXa, factor Xa, and thrombin were set either equal to those of their AP or to values that would result based upon the rates of AP/enzyme generation and steady state enzyme inhibition. In the latter case, numerical simulation predicts that sufficient thrombin to produce a solid clot would be generated in ∼2 min. Empirical data from the synthetic plasma suggest clotting times of 3–5 min, which are similar to that observed in contact pathway-inhibited whole blood (4.3 min) initiated with the same concentrations of factors IXa and Xa and thrombin. Numerical simulations performed with the concentrations of two of the enzymes held constant and one varied suggest that the presence of any pair of enzymes is sufficient to yield rapid clot formation. Modeling of states (numerical simulation and whole blood) where only one circulating protease is present at steady state concentration shows significant thrombin generation only for factor IXa. The addition of factor Xa and thrombin has little effect (if any) on thrombin generation induced by factor IXa alone. These data indicate that 1) concentrations of active coagulation enzymes circulating in vivo are significantly lower than can be predicted from the concentrations of their AP, and 2) expected trace amounts of factor IXa can trigger thrombin generation in the absence of tissue factor.
Comparative phytochemical analysis and use of some Nigerian spices

The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the bioactive constituents of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of six commonly consumed spices in Nigeria; namely garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), red onion (Allium cepa), nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), bird pepper and cayenne pepper; which are two varieties of Capsicum frutescens were investigated. The study also assessed the use of the spices through the administration of a structured questionnaire. Alkaloids was the most abundant phytochemical in ginger (11.13%), bird pepper (12.85%) and red onion (10.25%) while saponins, tannins and flavonoids were the most abundant phytochemicals in garlic (4.50%), cayenne pepper (6.81%) and nutmeg (4.18%) respectively. Although the ethanolic extracts of spices possessed higher bioactive constituents than their corresponding aqueous extracts, the results showed that the selected spices were potential sources of phytochemicals which could encourage their use as dietary supplements especially in the production of functional foods. Onion was the most frequently used spice, though it was commonly consumed as flavouring. Garlic and ginger were used occasionally but mainly for their health benefits. It may be suggested that the studied spices were still under-utilized due to lack of adequate knowledge of their health potentials.