Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discontinuous change in ice cover in Hudson Bay in the 1990s and some consequences for marine birds and their prey

Arctic ice cover has changed strikingly since the mid-1990s, with the minimum ice extent in the northern hemisphere diminishing by 8.5% per decade since 1981. In the Canadian Arctic, ice cover in June and November showed a step change in the mid-1990s, with little reduction before that. There was a similar step change in northern Hudson Bay. A long-term dataset on marine birds at Coats Island, Nunavut, revealed that many changes in seabird biology also exhibited an abrupt change at, or soon after, the change in ice conditions. This applied to their diet that switched in the 1990s from one dominated by Arctic cod, Boreogadus saida, to one dominated by capelin, Mallotus villosus. Evidence from the proportion of Arctic cod in adult diets suggested that the length of the open-water season may be a good predictor of the switch between Arctic cod and capelin. Other changes, in nestling growth and population trend, may relate to the same ecosystem changes that led to the switch in diet. Abrupt changes, as in the breeding biology of murres at Coats Island, would seem to be characteristic of ecosystem alterations driven by climate change.
Contextualisation des effets indésirables liés aux médicaments à type d’hyperkaliémie et d’insuffisance rénale aiguë chez les personnes âgées

Au vu de l’impact clinique et economique des effets indesirables medicamenteux (EIM) chez les personnes âgees, leurs detections et leurs preventions sont des enjeux de sante publique. L’approche habituelle pour les limiter est la detection des prescriptions inappropriees. Neanmoins, seulement 20 a 40% des EIM sont detectes par les prescriptions inappropriees. Ces dernieres annees des systemes informatises d’aide a la decision clinique (SIAD) se sont developpes. Les SIAD ont pour but d’alerter les professionnels de sante lors de situations a risque, notamment lors d’EIM. Ces systemes sont peu developpes pour le moment et ils manquent de specificite. Il est necessaire de s’appuyer sur la pratique clinique, telle que la revision medicamenteuse, pour enrichir ces systemes et ameliorer la pertinence des alertes.L’objectif global de cette these est d’analyser et de decrire les effets indesirables medicamenteux survenant au cours de situations intercurrentes chez les personnes âgees pour mieux les prevenir.Le deroulement de cette these se decompose en 4 grandes parties. Le premier chapitre est consacre au contexte de la detection et de la prevention des effets indesirables medicamenteux chez les personnes âgees. Les chapitres 2 et 3 sont consacrees aux etudes sur les hyperkaliemies et les insuffisances renales aigues secondaires a des medicaments. Ces etudes montrent que les EIM surviennent essentiellement dans un contexte aigu associant les medicaments et les facteurs precipitants. Enfin le dernier chapitre sera consacre a un etat des lieux et a une etude sur la creation de regles clinique a implementer dans un SIAD et les difficultes rencontrees.
Identification and validation of therapeutic targets in sarcoma models

In spite of the low incidence of sarcomas, they are highly aggressive tumors, with high metastatic potential, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, leaving surgery as the only treatment option. There is evidently an urgent need in identifying molecular targets and oncogenic pathways in sarcomas that can be used for the development and evaluation of drugs directed against these tumors. The present projects have been developed to approach this clinical problem. We have evaluated the effect of sorafenib, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on soft tissue sarcoma cell lines of various histological subtypes, and we have shown that the growth of rhabdomyosarcoma, in particular, can be suppressed by treatment with sorafenib in vitro and in tumor xenografts, which was mediated through the IGF-1Raxis. These findings open up new possibilities for rhabdomyosarcoma patients, as treatment with sorafenib or anti-IGF-1R agents could be of clinical value. Synovial sarcomas seldom carry p53 mutations. Knowing that HDM2 might have a role in the tumorigenesis of these tumors, we investigated the role of SS18-SSX1 on the function of p53. We found that SS18-SSX1 stabilizes HDM2, thus disrupting the stability and tumor suppressive function of p53 by proteosomal degradation. Inhibition of HDM2 expression could counteract this protective effect of SS18-SSX1 and restore p53. Therefore, targeting the p53-HDM2 autoregulatory loop in could be of benefit in treatment of synovial sarcomas. We made yet another attempt in trying to restore the p53 function in synovial sarcoma. Using tenovin-6, a newly discovered p53 reactivator, we found that p53 levels were restored and we observed an induced cell death upon treatment with tenovin-6 in synovial sarcoma cells. Although this was not directly due to the presence of SS18SSX1, the expression of SirT2 was inhibited, indicating that agents like tenovin-6 and HDAC inhibitors could be successful in the treatment of synovial sarcoma. Lastly, we have shown that SSX (a cancer-testis antigen) regulates cell cycle progression and is involved in tumor formation through its ability to activateβ-catenin signalling. Depletion of SSX inhibited tumor growth in vitro and in tumor xenografts. Based on its restricted expression, and together with our findings, we have identified and validated SSX is an ideal molecular target for drug development in anti-cancer
Species importance in a heterospecific foraging association network

There is a growing recognition of the need to integrate non-trophic interactions into ecological networks for a better understanding of whole-community organization. To achieve this, the first step is to build networks of individual non-trophic interactions. In this study, we analyzed a network of interdependencies among bird species that participated in heterospecific foraging associations (flocks) in an evergreen forest site in the Western Ghats, India. We found the flock network to contain a small core of highly important species that other species are strongly dependent on, a pattern seen in many other biological networks. Further, we found that structural importance of species in the network was strongly correlated to functional importance of species at the individual flock level. Finally, comparisons with flock networks from other Asian forests showed that the same taxonomic groups were important in general, suggesting that species importance was an intrinsic trait and not dependent on local ecological conditions. Hence, given a list of species in an area, it may be possible to predict which ones are likely to be important. Our study provides a framework for the investigation of other heterospecific foraging associations and associations among species in other non-trophic contexts.
Functions of the ERF transcription factor family in plants

Ethylene responsive factors (ERFs) play vital regulatory roles in a variety of developmental processes and stress responses in plants. In this study, ERF family genes in a wide range of plant species were classified into 8 clusters and 14 subclusters on the basis of phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, and biological functions. ERF genes, especially those in Clusters II and VII, can be used as candidates to improve crop-plant resistance because their over-expression enhances multiple disease resistances and improves tolerances to drought, salt, and freezing in transgenic plants. The comprehensive analysis of phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, and physiological functions is useful in elucidating the biological roles of ERF family genes in signal transduction, gene regulation, and defense response under stress environments.
Dynamics of Lake Michigan Phytoplankton: Primary Production and Growth

Primary production was measured with the 14C technique during May through July–August 1982–84. 14C experiments varied from short-term incubations (1–2 h) in a photosynthesis–irradiance (P–I) chamber to 24-h in situ incubations. The maximum assimilation number from six P–I experiments during thermal stratification averaged 2.1 mg C∙mg Chl−1∙h−1 which agreed well with estimates from the 1970s. Chlorophyll-corrected P–I curves were combined with incident irradiation, chlorophyll concentrations, and extinction coefficients to estimate daily production (model estimate). Summer average integral production estimates in 1983 and 1984 were 615–630 mg C∙m−2∙d−1. Approximately 50% of summer primary production occurred below the epilimnion. Daily model production estimates were higher than 24-h in situ estimates at light intensities above Ik, the light saturation parameter, and similar at intensities below Ik. Comparisons of production estimates converted to growth rates suggest that 24-h in situ estimates provide a .
Single‐cell analysis for bioprocessing

Cell population heterogeneity has attracted great interest for understanding the individual cellular performances in their response to external stimuli and in the production of targeted products. Physical characterization of single cells and analysis of dynamic gene expression, synthesized proteins, and cellular metabolites from one single cell are reviewed. Advanced techniques have been developed to achieve high‐throughput and ultrahigh resolution or sensitivity. Single cell capture methods are discussed as well. How to make use of cellular heterogeneities for maximizing cellular productivity is still in the infant stage, and control strategies will be formulated after the causes for heterogeneity have been elucidated.
Genetics of LDLR Gene in Pakistani Hypercholesterolemia Families

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the three known genes. Low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is considered as main contributor. We recruited clinically diagnosed 21 hypercholesterolemia families from Punjab-Pakistan. High resolution melting analysis used to screen the LDLR gene (all exons and promoter region) and variations were confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing analysis. The mean of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in the FH patients was 7.5±1.4mmol/l and 5.2±1.5mmol/l respectively. Seven patients showed synonymous variations in the sequence at position c.81T>C, c.993C>T, c.1413G>A, c.1617C>T, c.1725C>. T, c.1959T>C and c.2232A>G while one carried the non-synonymous change c.1171G>A resulting in the non-pathogenic p.(A391T) amino acid change. One common non-pathogenic variant c.1060+10C>G was found in the intronic region. In-silico analysis predicted c.1725C>T, c.1959T>C and c.2232A>G to be affecting the LDLR protein, by altering splicing sites as predicted by Human Splicing Finder and Mutation Taster software. Our findings suggest that ~15% (3/21) of FH patients in Pakistan with no detectable mis-sense mutation may carry pathogenic splicing variants in the LDLR gene sequence.
Effectiveness of electrical fish barriers associated with the Central Arizona Project

Abstract The Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal delivers Colorado River water into the Gila River basin. During its planning and construction, issues arose regarding the unwanted entrainment and transport of nonindigenous fishes and other aquatic biota into, through, and out of the canal. One control strategy was the emplacement of electrical fish barriers on two CAP distributary canals to prevent fishes from moving upstream into the Gila River drainage. The operation, maintenance, and effectiveness of these barriers are described for the period 1988–2000. Documented outages totaled more than 100 h, representing less than 0.001% downtime since installation. It is nearly certain that outages allowed immigration by undesired fish(es). Immigrations that occurred when the barriers were operating according to design criteria indicate that the barriers do not totally block the passage of upstream-migrating fish. The proximate sources of electrical barrier outage included component damage from lightning strikes.
Use of a Brine Shrimp Assay To Study Herbal Teas in the Classroom

1 IIIIIhe use of herbal products as medicinal remedies has increased greatly in the past decade. We are inundated with advertisements that tell us natural remedies will accomplish cures and imply that the term "natural" means free of side effects. Unfortunately, only a few of the herbal remedies have scientific data to back up their clinical benefits and some are known to be dangerous. Herbal teas remain an underinvestigated group of plant products.
Sulphur nutrition changes the sources of S in vegetative tissues of wheat during generative growth

During generative growth, developing wheat grains require nitrogen and sulphur to synthesize storage proteins. The hypothesis that the S required for grain growth can be derived from vegetative tissues was examined by growing plants in nutrient culture containing either 50 μM S (low-S) or 200 μM S (high-S) and terminating the nutrient supply at various times during generative growth. After terminating the nutrient supply, high-S plants redistributed soluble S to developing grains from pools in roots and leaves, whereas low-S plants remobilized insoluble S (protein-S) from the leaves to the grains. A model for the cycling of S within mature leaves during generative growth is presented.
The Determination of the Partial 28S Ribosomal DNA Sequences and Rapid Detection of Phellinus linteus and Related species

Abstract Species of Phellinus were known to harmful fungi causing white pocket rot and severe plant disease such as canker or heart- rot in living trees in the West, but some species have been used to traditional medicines in the Orient for a long time. In this study the partial D1-D2 nucleotide sequences of 28S ribosomal DNA from 13 Phellinus strains were determined and compared with the sequences of 21 strains obtained from GenBank database. According to the neighbor-joining (NJ) method comparing the sequence data the phylogenetic tree was constructed. The phylogenetic tree displayed the presence of four groups. Group I includes P. ferreus, P gilvus and P johnsonianus, Group II contains P laevigatus, P. conchatus and P. trem- ulae, Group III possesses P. linteus, P. weirianus, P. baumii, P. rhabarbarinus and P igniarius, and Group IV comprises P. pini, P chrysoloma. P linteus and P baumii, which were used mainly in traditional medicine, belong to the same group, but exactly speaking both were split into two different subgroups. To detect P linteus only, we developed the PCR primer, D12HR. The primer showed the specific amplification of P linteus, which is permitted to medicinal mushroom in the East. The results make a potential to be incorporated in a PCR identification system that could be used for the rapid identification of this species from its related species, P linteus especially.
New combinations, synonymies, redescriptions, and new species of cockroaches, mostly Indo-Australian Blattellidae

New species, new synonymies and new combinations are given for the following blattellid genera: Carbrunneria Princis, Episymploce Bey-Bienko, Parasymploce Hebard, Blattella Caudell, Balta Tepper, Margattea Shelford, Allacta Saussure & Zehntner and Supella (Nemosupella) Rehn. New species are: Parasymploce dumoganensis, Allacta australiensis and Allacta mcgavini. New synonymies and combinations are: Molestella Bruijning is Margattea; Margattea buettikoferi Bruijning is Margattea brevialata (Caudell); Margattea kumamotonis kumamotonis (Shiraki) is Margattea nimbata (Shelford); Margattea kumamotonis shirakii (Princis) is Margattea nimbata shirakii (Princis). The following are transferred to Margattea: Molestella molesta (Brunner), Phyllodromia Iuteomaculata Hanitsch, Blattella brevialata Caudell, Theganosilpha ogatai Asahina, Theganosilpha satsumana Asahina, Ceratinoptera gyldenstolpe Hanitsch, Scalida gemmata Hanitsch. Asymploce Yuyuang & Pingzhang is Episymploce, and A. rubroverticis Yuy. & Ping. and A. hunanensis Yuy. & Ping. are transferred to that genus. The following belong in Carbrunneria: Ceratinoptera ensifera Shelford, Balta liturata (Tepper), Symploce triramosa (Saussure), Apolyta pallescens Tepper. The following belong in Balta: Stenectoneura litura (Tepper), Margattea bilobata Hanitsch, Margattea setifera Hanitsch, Ceratinoptera variegata Hanitsch. Arublatta Bruijning is Allacta, and the following are transferred to this genus: Phyllodromia puncticollis Brunner, Molestella luteomarginata Hanitsch, Arublatta punctata (Walker), Arublatta basivittata Bruijning, Arublatta maculicllis (Hanitsch), Scalida pantherina Hanitsch. Phyllodromia interlineata (Hanitsch) is a Blattella. Syiiipbce icirodiaiza Roih is a Supeiia (Nernosupella). Blattella similis Bolivar is transferred to Sliferia Roth, and Trogloblattella chapmani Roth is placed in Neotrogloblattella, gen. nov. Redescriptions are given for most of the above taxa, as well as others in their correct genera but which are difficult to determine from their original descriptions.
Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry for the on‐line Measurement of Metabolic Fluxes: Case Lysine‐Production by Corynebacterium glutamicum

A miniaturized reactor system with on‐line measurement of respiration rates by membrane inlet mass spectrometry was applied for the on‐line metabolic flux analysis at different phases of a 1.2 L batch culture of lysine‐producing Corynebacterium glutamicum. For this purpose, cells taken from the batch culture were transferred into the 12 mL mini reactor, and incubated for 15 min with [1‐18O]glucose. Quantification of oxygen uptake rate and CO2 mass isotopomer production rates in combination with a simple metabolic model allowed the estimation of the flux partitioning ratio between the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis during the process. The relative flux into the pentose pathway increased during growth, and reached maxima at 11 and 17 h cultivation time coinciding with maxima of the differential lysine yield. The developed system is a promising tool for determination of metabolic flux dynamics in industrially relevant batch and fed‐batch cultures.
Tube Formation by Pomatoceros Triqueter (Polychaeta)

The attached tube of P. triqueter is described with special reference to the calcareous grating which is usually found inside the posterior end of damaged tubes. An explanation of the morphology of the tube, and of the calcareous grating, is attempted with reference to an account of the mode of deposition characteristic of the worm.
Optimization of Labour Productivity in Elevated Corridor Metro Site Construction

Construction sector affects the economy of our nation to a greater extent. Hence, it is very important to take into consideration the various aspects influencing the smooth execution of construction projects all over the country. Labour productivity is one such important parameter that greatly affects the progress of a particular construction project as it accounts for almost 30-50% of the project cost. Optimization is the action of making the best use of a situation or resource. Questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain data regarding labour productivity in elevated corridor metro construction site. Various factors affecting labour productivity were taken into consideration in the questionnaire. Relative Importance Index (RII) was used to analyse the data obtained from questionnaire survey. Based on results of the analysis, the various factors affecting labour productivity were ranked according to priority. The research outcome aims to contribute towards the labour productivity improvement in the Indian elevated corridor metro construction projects for faster delivery of projects with minimum time and maximum quality.
The Effect of Readiness Learning, Learning Facilities, Discipline Study, and Self Efficacy on Student’s Motivation

This study aims to determine the existence of The Effect Of Readiness Learning, Learning Facilities, Discipline Study, And Self Efficacy On Student Motivation. This study was conducted over three months, commencing from October to December 2019. The research method used was survey method with approach of causality. The population in this study were students S1 totaling 200 respondents. Data collection techniques using literature techniques and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS software version 3. PLS (Partial Least Square) with structural equation analysis (SEM). Results showed that each variable that has the same effect. It can be said, if the high Learning Motivation then certainly have Readiness Learning, Learning Facilities, Discipline Learning and high self-efficacy. Readiness Learning, Learning Facilities, Discipline Learning, Self Efficacy good and it will produce a high motivation to learn as well. The above description shows that there are significant jointly and significant correlation between Readiness Learning, Learning Facilities, Discipline Learning and Self Efficacy.
THE ROLE OF FORAGING WOODPECKERS IN THE DECOMPOSITION OF PONDEROSA PINE SNAGS

Abstract We investigated the relationship between foraging woodpeckers and the decomposition of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) snags in the central and southern Cascades of Oregon and northern California. Our main objectives were (1) to compare the relative sapwood density of 4-year-old pine snags receiving varying levels of woodpecker foraging; and (2) to determine if woodpeckers were carriers of wood-inhabiting fungi. Snags used as foraging sites by woodpeckers had lower wood densities than snags that did not exhibit foraging sign. Additionally, wood-inhabiting fungi were recovered in significantly greater frequencies from the bills of woodpeckers than a comparison of non-cavity-nesting species. These results suggest that woodpeckers may contribute to the mechanical degradation of wood through foraging activities and the dispersal of a collection of fungi that likely participate in the process of decay for ponderosa pine snags. The complexity of these ecological interactions should be considered when planning snag management in coniferous forests. El Papel de Forrajeo de los Carpinteros en la Descomposición de Tocones de Pinus ponderosa Resumen. Investigamos la relación entre las actividades de forrajeo de los carpinteros y la descomposición de tocones de Pinus ponderosa en el centro y sur de las Cascades de Oregon y el norte de California. Nuestros objetivos principales fueron (1) comparar la densidad relativa de la albura de tocones de pino de 4 años de edad afectados por distintos niveles de forrajeo por parte de los carpinteros; y (2) determinar si los carpinteros transportaron hongos de la madera. Los tocones usados como sitios de forrajeo por los carpinteros tuvieron densidades de madera menores que los tocones que no presentaron señales de forrajeo. Adicionalmente, los hongos de la madera fueron encontrados con mayor frecuencia en los picos de los carpinteros que en especies que no nidifican en cavidades. Estos resultados sugieren que los carpinteros pueden contribuir a la degradación mecánica de la madera mediante las actividades de forrajeo y la dispersión de una variedad de hongos que probablemente participan en el proceso de descomposición de los tocones de P. ponderosa. La complejidad de estas interacciones ecológicas debería ser considerada a la hora de planear el manejo de los tocones en los bosques de coníferas.