Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gorenstein Fano polytopes arising from order polytopes and chain polytopes

Richard Stanley introduced the order polytope $\mathcal{O}(P)$ and the chain polytope $\mathcal{C}(P)$ arising from a finite partially ordered set $P$, and showed that the Ehrhart polynomial of $\mathcal{O}(P)$ is equal to that of $\mathcal{C}(P)$. In addition, the unimodular equivalence problem of $\mathcal{O}(P)$ and $\mathcal{C}(P)$ was studied by the first author and Nan Li. In the present paper, three integral convex polytopes $\Gamma(\mathcal{O}(P), -\mathcal{O}(Q))$, $\Gamma(\mathcal{O}(P), -\mathcal{C}(Q))$ and $\Gamma(\mathcal{C}(P), -\mathcal{C}(Q))$, where $P$ and $Q$ are partially ordered sets with $| P | = | Q |$, will be studied. First, it will be shown that the Ehrhart polynomial of $\Gamma(\mathcal{O}(P), -\mathcal{C}(Q))$ coincides with that of $\Gamma(\mathcal{C}(P), -\mathcal{C}(Q))$. Furthermore, when $P$ and $Q$ possess a common linear extension, it will be proved that these three convex polytopes have the same Ehrhart polynomial. Second, the problem of characterizing partially ordered sets $P$ and $Q$ for which $\Gamma(\mathcal{O}(P), -\mathcal{O}(Q))$ or $\Gamma(\mathcal{O}(P), -\mathcal{C}(Q))$ or $\Gamma(\mathcal{C}(P), -\mathcal{C}(Q))$ is a smooth Fano polytope will be solved. Finally, when these three polytopes are smooth Fano polytopes, the unimodular equivalence problem of these three polytopes will be discussed.
Determining Sexual Maturity of Broodstock for Induced Spawning of Fish

The external appearance of brood fish has long been used to assess the stage of sexual development. In some species, males change in appearance during the spawning season (e.g., vivid breeding colors in cichlids, hooked jaw in salmon, and roughened texture of the pectoral fins or head of cyprinids). These physical changes make it relatively easy to identify sexually mature males. However, secondary female sex characteristics such as plumpness of the abdomen and redness of the vent are extremely subjective and can be misleading.
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON IN VITRO RADIOSENSITIZATION OF RABBIT ERYTHROCYTES BY IODOACETIC ACID AND RELATED SUBSTANCES.

SummaryA number of compounds more or less related to iodoacetic acid (IAA) have been tested for their radiosensitizing effect on rabbit erythrocytes.As reported previously, red cells irradiated in vitro with x-rays lose the intracellular potassium and haemolyse as a function of radiation dose and, when they have been treated previously with IAA, their radiosensitivity increases up to four times.Bromoacetic acid, iodoacetamide, iodopropionic acid, N-ethylmaleimide, alcaline iodides and molecular iodine all exhibit radiosensitizing ability.The sensitization occurs to the same extent, whether the samples are irradiated under atmospheric oxygen-tension or after flushing with oxygen or nitrogen. For all the halogenated compounds it occurs only if the substance is present in the system at the moment of irradiation.The sensitizing effect appears to be independent of the alkylating ability of tested compounds, and of the inhibition of glycolysis and lowering of ATP-level in red cells.Experiments with iodoacetic a.
An image retrieval system for three-dimensional image

With the progress of the age, the popularization of the computer and the internet, the text, images, photographs and varieties of multimedia will be uploaded to groups of the network space or cloud storage space by users. Thus, the multimedia data and technology have to renew and transfer by user constantly. How to search the images economically is a significant issue. This paper will focus on 3D images for in-depth investigate. It will propose an efficient 3D searching method. The analytical object is used by three-dimensional trademark gallery of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, R.O. C. One three-dimensional trademark image expresses by a set of 2D images. This paper uses Harris Corner detection and combines CPDH (contour points distribution histogram) method to extract the shape feature and uses color histogram to refine the color feature. And then, the two features help to retrieve the similar 3D images. Experiment verifies that the method we proposed is effective.
Genomic Distance between Thymidylate Synthase and Dihydrofolate Reductase Genes Does Not Correlate With Phylogenetic Evolution in Bacteria

Problem statement: Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) and Thymidylate Synthase (TS) exist as bifunctional enzymes coded into unique polypeptide chain in protozoans. Bifunctional DHFR-TS is associated with an increase in the enzymatic activity by channeling the substrate between the active sites. In some bacteria, DHFR and TS genes are neighbors in the genome, whereas in others, they are located millions of base pairs apart. Gene neighboring gained importance in evolution because it was found to promote the interaction between expressed proteins in gene clusters. Co-expression of neighboring genes might favor protein associations, increasing the enzymatic efficiency. The basis of genomic evolution that leads to gene ordering is not totally understood; however, one could suppose that increasing the efficiency of metabolic pathways could work as an evolutionary pressure to get genes together in the genome of an organism. Approach: In this study, phylogenetic analysis of DHFR and TS sequences and the genomic distance between these genes in bacteria were measured. Results: No significant correlation was found between genomic distances, in base pairs, of DHFR and TS genes and phylogenetic distance among the studied bacteria. Conclusion/Recommendations: This suggested that DHFR and TS enzymes clusters, even if they are coexpressed, might not exert a pivotal role in natural selection of bacteria.
A Novel Approach to the Teaching of Thermodynamic Cycles and the Laws of Thermodynamics

This paper outlines a simple particle mechanics model in which a single particle represents the thermodynamic fluid (gas) in a heat engine (exemplified by a piston engine). By mechanics based reasoning the model demonstrates the connection between the Carnot efficiency limitation of heat engines and the Kelvin-Planck statement of Second Law requiring only the truth of the Clausius statement.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Ear recognition based on multi-scale features

This paper proposes a novel ear recognition method using multi-scale features inspired by the theory of the SIFT. Firstly, ear images are normalized by ear outer contour tracking and the longest axis detection. Then the Difference of Gaussian (DOG) images are constructed using scale space theory and their corresponding block-based feature descriptors are determined. Finally we build the nearest neighbor classifiers and EMD is used as the dissimilarity measures. The weighted majority voting technique is used for decision fusion. Compared with other widely used ear recognition methods, such as PCA and KPCA, our method needn't transform the image to the same size and it is more robust to pose and illumination. Extensive experiments have performed to valid its efficiency.
Stability and Change in the Representations of Female Politicians in Cameroon INARI

Women’s participation in politics is low throughout the world – also in Cameroon. In this article we examine young Cameroonians perceptions of women politicians. To analyse Cameroonians perceptions of women in politics from a perspective of change we took social representations theory (SRT) as our theoretical starting point. All together 45 Anglophone and Francophone students participated in eight focus groups discussions conducted in 2011 in Buea, Cameroon. Our analyses showed that women’s political participation questions some self-evident antinomies such as men/women, tradition/modern, domestic/politics, leader/follower and public/private. The talk about female politicians is tension between stability and change. We identified several rhetorical resources–anchors and objectifications– such as African context, tradition, religion, male icons and conflict, which were used to maintain the stability. We argue that complementarity and respect are the main themata in Cameroonian society that maintain the stability and gender roles and do not allow the representation of female politician to develop.
Molecular cloning of cDNA for sarcocystatin A and analysis of the expression of the sarcocystatin A gene during development of Sarcophaga peregrina.

Sarcocystatin A is a cysteine proteinase inhibitor purified from the hemolymph of Sarcophaga peregrina larvae [Suzuki, T. , & Natori, S. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 5115-5120]. We isolated a cDNA clone for sarcocystatin A and analyzed the structure and expression of the sarcocystatin A gene. Sarcocystatin A consists of 102 amino acid residues. Significant homology was found between amino acid sequences of sarcocystatin A and other mammalian cystatins, and highly conserved sequences among mammalian cystatins were also found in sarcocystatin A. Using cloned cDNA as a probe, we investigated expression of the sarcocystatin A gene during the development of Sarcophaga. Results showed that this gene was transiently activated in the very early embryonic stage and in the pupal stage, suggesting that sarcocystatin A participates in morphogenesis of larval and adult structures of Sarcophaga.
On superpotentials for D-branes in Gepner models

A large class of D-branes in Calabi-Yau spaces can be constructed at the Gepner points using the techniques of boundary conformal field theory. In this note we develop methods that allow to compute open string amplitudes for such D-branes. In particular, we present explicit formulas for the products of open string vertex operators of untwisted A-type branes. As an application we show that the boundary theories of the quintic associated with the special Lagrangian submanifolds ℑ! izi = 0 where ! 5 = 1 possess no continuous moduli.
Generation of compensation behavior of autonomous robot for uncertainty of information with probabilistic flow control

We exhibit that a robot shows strategic behaviors for overcoming uncertainty of information in navigation tasks by a modification of the core formula in value method. The new formula biases the calculation so as to give a priority, the decision-making to an important part of the state space. value method with the modified formula is named as probabilistic flow control (PFC) method. We apply PFC method to a simulated simple task of a mobile robot. In the task, the robot with PFC method shows tricky behaviors that compensate the uncertainty of state information. Graphical Abstract
The Stratospheric THz Observatory (STO)

The Stratospheric TeraHertz Observatory (STO) is a NASA funded, Long Duration Balloon (LDB) experiment designed to address a key problem in modern astrophysics: understanding the Life Cycle of the Interstellar Medium (ISM). STO will survey a section of the Galactic plane in the dominant interstellar cooling line [C II] (1.9 THz) and the important star formation tracer [N II] (1.46 THz) at ~1 arc minute angular resolution, sufficient to spatially resolve atomic, ionic and molecular clouds at 10 kpc. STO itself has three main components; 1) an 80 cm optical telescope, 2) a THz instrument package, and 3) a gondola [1]. Both the telescope and gondola have flown on previous experiments [2,3]. They have been reoptimized for the current mission. The science flight receiver package will contain four [CII] and four [NII] HEB mixers, coupled to a digital spectrometer. The first engineering test flight of STO was from Ft. Sumner, NM on October 15, 2009. The ~30 day science flight is scheduled for December 2011.
Synthesizing multimodal utterances for conversational agents

Conversational agents are supposed to combine speech with non‐verbal modalities for intelligible multimodal utterances. In this paper, we focus on the generation of gesture and speech from XML‐based descriptions of their overt form. An incremental production model is presented that combines the synthesis of synchronized gestural, verbal, and facial behaviors with mechanisms for linking them in fluent utterances with natural co‐articulation and transition effects. In particular, an efficient kinematic approach for animating hand gestures from shape specifications is presented, which provides fine adaptation to temporal constraints that are imposed by cross‐modal synchrony. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Moment Invariants of the Weighted Image

Moment invariants of a discrete image are not strictly invariant to image displacements due to quantization errors. This letter introduces a weighting function such that the pixel value is smoothly reduced to zero at the boundary of the image. Image moments of the weighted image are robust against quantization errors, and the moment invariants of the weighted image are more invariant than those of the unweighted image.
A Hamiltonian formulation of the dynamics of spatial mechanisms using Lie Groups and Screw Theory

In this paper two main topics are treated. In the first part we give a synthetic presentation of the geometry of rigid body motion in a projective geometrical framework. An important issue is the geometric approach to the identification of twists and wrenches in a Lie group approach and their relation to screws. In the second part we give a formulation of the dynamics of multibody systems in terms of implicit port controlled Hamiltonian system defined with respect to Dirac structures.
A Prospective Safety Trial of Atorvastatin Treatment to Assess Rebleeding after Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Serial MRI Investigation.

AIM This study was designed to determine any rebleeding after atorvastatin treatment following spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in a prospective safety trial. PATIENTS Atorvastatin (80 mg/day) therapy was initiated in 6 patients with primary ICH with admission Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) >5 within 24 hours of ictus and continued for 7 days, with the dose tapered and treatment terminated over the next 5 days. Patients were studied longitudinally by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at three time points: acute (3 to 5 days), subacute (4 to 6 weeks) and chronic (3 to 4 months). Imaging sequences included T1, T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and contrast-enhanced MRI measures of cerebral perfusion, blood volume and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) was used to identify primary ICH and to check for secondary rebleeding. Final outcome was assessed using Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) at 3-4 months. RESULTS Mean admission GCS was 13.2±4.0 and mean GOS at 3 months was 4.5±0.6. Hemorrhagic lesions were segmented into core and rim areas. Mean lesion volumes decreased significantly between the acute and chronic study time points (p=0.008). Average ipsilateral hemispheric tissue loss at 3 to 4 months was 11.4±4.6 cm3. MRI showed acutely reduced CBF (p=0.004) and CBV (p=0.002) in the rim, followed by steady normalization. Apparent diffusion coefficient of water (ADC) in the rim demonstrated no alterations at any of the time points (p>0.2). The T2 values were significantly elevated in the rim acutely (p=0.02), but later returned to baseline. The ICH core showed sustained low CBF and CBV values concurrent with a small reduction in ADC acutely, but significant ADC elevation at the end suggestive of irreversible injury. CONCLUSION Despite the presence of a small, probably permanent, cerebral lesion in the ICH core, no patients exhibited post-treatment rebleeding. These data suggest that larger, Phase 2 trials are warranted to establish long term clinical safety of atorvastatin in spontaneous ICH.
A Frequency Reconfigurable Directive Antenna With Wideband Low-RCS Property

In this communication, a frequency reconfigurable directive antenna with low-radar cross section (RCS) property is presented. This antenna is composed of a slot-coupled microstrip patch and a two-layer metastructure. The top-layer metastructure integrates a partially reflection surface (PRS) with an absorbing surface, and the bottom-layer one consists of tunable reflection phase cells, which are loaded around the antenna source. The absorbing surface can absorb most of the incoming wave, and thus reduce the antenna RCS. The PRS and tunable reflection phase cells form a Fabry-Perot resonance cavity, making the antenna produce a highly directive beam. In addition, the operation frequency can be dynamically tuned by controlling the varactor diodes in the reflection phase cells. Both simulated and measured results have verified that employing the two-layer metastructure makes the antenna RCS largely reduced at a wide band ranging from 8 to 14 GHz. Compared with the traditional microstrip antenna, this antenna radiates a highly directive beam with gain enhancement of about 7 dB, and its operation frequency can be actively tuned from 9.05 to 10 GHz.
Basic Models Modeling Resistance Training: An Update for Basic Scientists Interested in Study Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

Human muscle hypertrophy brought about by voluntary exercise in laboratorial conditions is the most common way to study resistance exercise training, especially because of its reliability, stimulus control and easy application to resistance training exercise sessions at fitness centers. However, because of the complexity of blood factors and organs involved, invasive data is difficult to obtain in human exercise training studies due to the integration of several organs, including adipose tissue, liver, brain and skeletal muscle. In contrast, studying skeletal muscle remodeling in animal models are easier to perform as the organs can be easily obtained after euthanasia; however, not all models of resistance training in animals displays a robust capacity to hypertrophy the desired muscle. Moreover, some models of resistance training rely on voluntary effort, which complicates the results observed when animal models are employed since voluntary capacity is something theoretically impossible to measure in rodents. With this information in mind, we will review the modalities used to simulate resistance training in animals in order to present to investigators the benefits and risks of different animal models capable to provoke skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Our second objective is to help investigators analyze and select the experimental resistance training model that best promotes the research question and desired endpoints. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 1148–1156, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular pathology parameters in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma

To derive a better understanding of the biologic behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the authors evaluated a number of molecular variables to address the hypothesis that p53 dysfunction in NPC is associated with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), increased tumor angiogenesis, lower likelihood of apoptosis, and poorer clinical outcome.
Aerodynamic implications of gull's drooped wing-tips

When in gliding flight, gulls are observed to adopt a drooped wing-tip configuration. This paper investigates whether this configuration might represent an aerodynamic optimum or if it is the result of constraints imposed by the gull's anatomy. A computational model was developed for the aerodynamic performance of a gull in gliding flight. This model was used in conjunction with both global and local optimizers to determine the most aerodynamically optimal configuration for cases where the gull was constrained to move its wing within its natural flapping cycle as well as when the wing had full freedom of motion. The results of this analysis determined the best wing configuration for a gull in gliding flight and demonstrated that such a configuration not only had the highest lift-to-drag ratio but also could be achieved within the constraints of the kinematics of the gull wing. These results are of interest outside studies of gulls, since the drooped wing-tip configuration could be relevant for new designs of small air vehicles.
Psychosocial work conditions, unemployment, and leisure-time physical activity: A population-based study

Objective: To investigate the association between psychosocial work conditions and unemployment, and low leisure-time physical activity. Design/setting/participants/measurements: The 2000 public health survey in Scania is a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study with a 59% participation rate. A total of 5,180 persons aged 18—64 years who belonged to the workforce and the unemployed were included in this study. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between psychosocial factors at work and unemployment, and low leisure-time physical activity. Psychosocial conditions at work were defined according to the Karasek—Theorell demand—control/decision latitudes into relaxed, active, passive, and job strain categories. The multivariate analyses included age, country of birth, education, economic stress, and social participation. Results: In total, 16.1% of men and 14.8% of women had low leisure-time physical activity. The job strain (high demands/low control) and unemployed categories had significantly higher odds ratios of low leisure-time physical activity among both men and women compared with the relaxed (low demands/high control) reference category. However, the significant differences between the job strain, the unemployed, and the relaxed categories disappeared in the multivariate models. Conclusions: Respondents with job strain or unemployment have significantly higher odds ratios of low leisure-time physical activity than the relaxed category. However, after adjustments for education in particular the differences disappear. Nevertheless, the results suggest that the association between psychosocial work conditions, which are often dependent on education, and leisure-time physical activity may be interesting to study in more detail.
The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD)

The Neuropathology Task Force of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) has developed a practical and standardized neuropathology protocol for the postmortem assessment of dementia and control subjects. The protocol provides neuropathologic definitions of such terms as “definite Alzheimer's disease” (AD), “probable AD,” “possible AD,” and “normal brain” to indicate levels of diagnostic certainty, reduce subjective interpretation, and assure common language. To pretest the protocol, neuropathologists from 15 participating centers entered information on autopsy brains from 142 demented patients clinically diagnosed as probable AD and on eight nondemented patients. Eighty-four percent of the dementia cases fulfilled CERAD neuropathologic criteria for definite AD. As increasingly large numbers of prospectively studied dementia and control subjects are autopsied, the CERAD neuropathology protocol will help to refine diagnostic criteria, assess overlapping pathology, and lead to a better understanding of early subclinical changes of AD and normal aging.
Open innovation, the Haldane principle and the new production of knowledge: science policy and university–industry links in the UK after the financial crisis

The paper looks at the system of knowledge production and innovation in the UK from a Mode 2 perspective. It is critical of policy that focuses on science and engineering, on distinctions between basic and applied research, and that looks to notions of the entrepreneurial university. Extensive survey work of individual academics and UK firms reveals an extensive range of linkages between academics and industry, many personal rather than institutional. Formal mechanisms to link the university with the firm are rarely key initiators of connections. As key policy challenge is to design institutions and incentives that enhance the reflexive interplay between universities and external organisations and which build on the full range of interactions and disciplines.