Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The emergence of quantum capacitance in epitaxial graphene

We found an intrinsic redistribution of charge arises between epitaxial graphene, which has intrinsically n-type doping, and an undoped substrate. In particular, we studied in detail epitaxial graphene layers thermally elaborated on C-terminated $4H$-$SiC$ ($4H$-$SiC$ ($000{\bar{1}}$)). We have investigated the charge distribution in graphene-substrate systems using Raman spectroscopy. The influence of the substrate plasmons on the longitudinal optical phonons of the $SiC$ substrates has been detected. The associated charge redistribution reveals the formation of a capacitance between the graphene and the substrate. Thus, we give for the first time direct evidence that the excess negative charge in epitaxial monolayer graphene could be self-compensated by the $SiC$ substrate without initial doping. This induced a previously unseen redistribution of the charge-carrier density at the substrate-graphene interface. There a quantum capacitor appears, without resorting to any intentional external doping, as is fundamentally required for epitaxial graphene. Although we have determined the electric field existing inside the capacitor and revealed the presence of a minigap ($\approx 4.3meV$) for epitaxial graphene on $4H$-$SiC$ face terminated carbon, it remains small in comparison to that obtained for graphene on face terminated $Si$. The fundamental electronic properties found here in graphene on $SiC$ substrates may be important for developing the next generation of quantum technologies and electronic/plasmonic devices.
Monitoring bird populations after logging in forests of south-west Western Australia: an update from two long-term experimental research case studies.

We report the results of recent monitoring of the impacts of logging in karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) and jarrah (E. marginata) forest. Avifaunal composition of logged and unlogged karri forest was the most similar so far, 21 years after logging took place, but species richness and total abundance remained higher in unlogged karri forest. In jarrah forest, species composition in four treatments (two logged, two unlogged) had not closely converged after 10 years. Graphs of the abundance of each bird species against time for each treatment in karri and jarrah forest are presented. We recommend that monitoring of these forests be continued, and plots relating to an earlier study in karri forest be re-activated. The data accrued so far provide an important baseline for assessing future impacts from changing climate, and any associated changes in fire regimes and infection by animal disease and Phytophthora cinnamomi, as well as for evaluating the ecologically sustainable basis of forest management.
Characterization of Anti-inflammation Effect of Aqueous Extracts from Phellinus baumii

This study is to characterize the postulated anti-inflammatory effect of the hot water extracts from the Phellinus baumii. RAW264.7, macrophage cell line, was activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and, further, treated with Phellinus baumii`s aqueous extract. When the cultured macrophage cells were treated with LPS, they show typical signs of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and an increment in secretion of inflammatory cytokine compared to the non-treated control: The expression of glucose-regulated protein78 (Grp78), Grp94, and C/EBP homologous protein/GADD 153 (CHOP) increased along with augmented secretion of interlukin-6. Cellular nitric oxide content also significantly went up in comparison to the non-LPS treatment. When the LPS-treated RAW264.7 was treated with the aqueous Phellinus baumii extracts, however, the expression of ERS markers markedly reduced and the release of nitric oxide declined. Also, the expression of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) notably diminished similarly as the NO content. In conclusion, this study strongly indicated that aqueous Phellinus baumii extract can be utilized directly as anti-inflammation agent and serves as a source of functional ingredient to lessen the inflammation.
FLUX SKIMMINGS ORIGINATED DURING HOT-DIP GALVANIZING PROCESS AND ITS HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSING

Flux skimming as the specific waste forms on the surface of molten zinc in a separate section kettle during the wet batch hot-dip galvanizing. After the certain hot dip galvanizing time flux becomes less effective and loses its function. It is hazardous waste containing a significant amount of zinc. This work deals with the hydrometallurgical processing of flux skimming. Flux skimming sample containing 36.9% of Zn was supplied by the Slovak company opera ting wet batch hot-dip galvanizing. Flux skimming was hydrometallurgicaly processed by leaching in the distilled water in which the ratio of L:S (4:1, 6:1, 8:1, 10:1, 12:1) and the influence of temperature on zinc extractions at different temperatures, 20°C, 40°C, 60°C, 80°C, were investigated. According to the experimental results optimal L:S ratio and temperature were determined. Leaching of flux skimming in hydrochloric acid media was also carried out. Based on the results it is obvious that Zn leaching in hot water (60°C) proceed fast and the highest efficiency of Zn leaching was reached in the first 5 to 10 minutes. The flux skimming leaching in 0,2M HCl media appears not to have any measurable effect on efficiency of zinc leaching.
Schema‐Based Sensemaking of the Decision to Participate and its Effects on Job Performance

This paper describes the development and testing of an iterative framework, based on a situated cognition perspective, for uncovering cognitive schemas that people enact in sensemaking processes. The research investigated the cognitive schemas of 167 employees participating in a call center through the elicitation of interpretations and the justifications for those interpretations. Data were analyzed by using a laddering methodology based on means-end analysis in order to disclose declarative (i.e., concepts) and procedural (i.e., relations between concepts) knowledge. A cognitive cause map and its main indexes were derived, following principles from social network analysis. The results demonstrate how specific contents of cognitive schemas that arise during sensemaking (e.g., fulfillment) are related to job performance. In addition, the schema connecting skills development to improving career prospects and to personal growth was significant, revealing the prominent influence exerted by procedural knowledge in enacting sensemaking and motivating greater performance.
IL10 production in cultures of lymphocytes derived from biopsies of normal exocervix, transformation zone and squamous intraepithelial lesion

The immune system appears to play a role in the development of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and their progression to cancer. We have developed a technique to isolate and cultivate lymphocytes either from the epithelium or from the underlying stroma of small biopsies from the normal exocervix, the transformation zone (TZ) and SIL. The majority of cells derived from the epithelium of all biopsies were CD8 T cells. No major difference was observed for the lymphocyte phenotype. Among all cytokines tested by ELISA (IL10, IL4 and IFNγ), only IL10 was significantly higher in the TZ in comparison with the exocervix. In cultures derived from the stroma, a decreased percentage in T cells was observed in the TZ and SIL in comparison with the exocervix. This decrease in T cells concerned CD8+ (SIL) and TCRγδ+ T cells (TZ and SIL). We did not observe any difference in IL10 or IL4 production, although patients with SIL produced more IFNγ. The higher levels of IL10 production by lymphocytes derived from the epithelium of the TZ might contribute to the predisposition of this region to cervical carcinogenesis.
Emotional Influences on Attention to Auditory Streams

Perception and experience of emotions are important elements of the appreciation and understanding of music. In fact, they may not only be a response to music, but may also play a directing role in our perception of music. The results of three experiments present corroborating evidence that this is indeed the case: Presentations of affective pictures influence the way participants attend to and group auditory sequences. The experiments used sequences consisting of alternating high and low notes. Participants indicated their perception of the sequences by judging to what extent they attended to the high or low sequence or to both lines (one stream). Happy pictures increased the tendency of participants to focus on the higher line, while sad pictures increased the tendency to focus on the lower pitches. Sad pictures also increased the tendency to segregate the lines and focus on slower melodic movement.
A meta-analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction and employee health in Hong Kong

A meta-analysis was conducted of correlations between job satisfaction and measures of health for samples originating from Hong Kong. Using established procedures and a priori selection criteria, 22 samples were combined from published and unpublished sources, in a combined sample of 4492 workers from various industries and occupations. Results indicated relationships between job satisfaction and health for Hong Kong employees were high, and notably different from the larger sample in the HERMES study (Cass, Faragher & Cooper2003). The moderator analysis revealed that samples comprising an approximately equal gender mix had larger correlations than samples of mostly women, or mostly men. Our comparison of studies with differential methodological rigour indicated that this had a minimal impact on combined effect size. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regulator synthesis for the self-sensing control system of the proportional electromagnet dc based on reduced-order models

Modern DC proportional solenoid control systems use current values in magnetizing coils, or specialized sensors for position determination. These methods do not provide the possibility of accurate control and diagnostics, in case of aiming to the miniaturization of finished devices. In this article, it is proposed to use methods of self-sensory identification of the moving element position based on the method of the full-scale-model experiment. The functioning of the method is based on the electromagnet model obtained by the reduced-order model approach. These models have an advantage in the calculation speed in comparison with finite element models and have an advantage in accuracy in comparison with analytical models. Ansys Electronics is used to obtain the model. The electromagnetic control system is proposed. Its model is implemented in the system Matlab Simulink. Synthesis of PID-regulator parameters using Matlab is performed. The results of a study of a control system for a given displacement with the aid of the obtained control system are presented.
What Is the Proper Methodto Delineate Home Range of anAnimal Using Today’s AdvancedGPS Telemetry Systems: The Initial Step

The formal concept of an animal’s home range, or derivations thereof, has been around for over half a century (Burt 1943). Within this time frame there have been countless published studies reporting home range estimators with no consensus for any single technique (Withey et al., 2001; Laver & Kelly 2008). Recent advances in global positioning system (GPS) technology for monitoring home range and movements of wildlife have resulted in locations that are numerous, more precise than very high frequency (VHF) systems, and often are autocorrelated in space and time. Along with these advances, researchers are challenged with understanding the proper methods to assess size of home range or migratory movements of various species. The most acceptable method of home-range analysis with uncorrelated locations, kernel-density estimation (KDE), has been lauded by some for use with GPS technology (Kie et al., 2010) while criticized by others for errors in proper bandwidth selection (Hemson et al., 2005) and violation of independence assumptions (Swihart & Slade 1985b). The issue of autocorrelation or independence in location data has been dissected repeatedly by users of KDE for decades (Swihart & Slade 1985a; Worton 1995, but see Fieberg 2007) and can be especially problematic with data collected with GPS technology. Recently, alternative methods were developed to address the issues with bandwidth selection for KDE and autocorrelated GPS data. Brownian bridge movement models (BBMM), which incorporate time between successive locations into the utilization distribution estimation, were recommended for use with serially correlated locations collected with GPS technology (Bullard 1999; Horne et al., 2007). The wrapped Cauchy distribution KDE was also introduced to incorporate a temporal dimension into the KDE (Keating & Cherry 2009). Improvements were developed in bandwidth selection for KDE
Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Creatinine, And Paraoxonase-1 Levels in Serum of Patients Undergoing Intravenous Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography and Its Association with Contrast-Induced Nephropathy.

Background Following contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) may occur in patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes. Creatinine, the most common marker of CIN, may not be an accurate measure of damage and is affected by many non-renal factors. Our aim was to evaluate ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) as an early CIN marker and correlate it with paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and creatinine before and after CECT. Methods Forty-eight adult patients scheduled for intravenous CECT, regardless of indication or body region for CECT, were included in this prospective study. Venous blood samples were obtained 12-24 hours before and after contrast media (CM) administration. Ischemia-modified albumin and PON-1 were estimated using methods described by Bar-Or et al. and Dantoine et.al., respectively. Creatinine was estimated on an automated analyzer. Results Significant differences in IMA (P < 0.001) and PON-1 (P < 0.001) levels were found between pre- and post-CECT samples, while the difference for creatinine was not significant (p = 0.073). No correlation was found between IMA and PON-1 or IMA and creatinine in either the pre- or post-CECT samples. Conclusion After CM administration patients are subjected to oxidative stress and/or ischemia, as revealed by elevated IMA and decreased PON-1 levels; however, creatinine levels, most commonly estimated to assess reduced renal function, did not reflect the condition accurately. IMA may be a sensitive marker for CIN but further studies are required to confirm its usefulness.
Novel automated inversion algorithm for temperature reconstruction using gas isotopes from ice cores

Abstract. Greenland past temperature history can be reconstructed by forcing the output of a firn-densification and heat-diffusion model to fit multiple gas-isotope data (δ15N or δ40Ar or δ15Nexcess) extracted from ancient air in Greenland ice cores using published accumulation-rate (Acc) datasets. We present here a novel methodology to solve this inverse problem, by designing a fully automated algorithm. To demonstrate the performance of this novel approach, we begin by intentionally constructing synthetic temperature histories and associated δ15N datasets, mimicking real Holocene data that we use as “true values” (targets) to be compared to the output of the algorithm. This allows us to quantify uncertainties originating from the algorithm itself. The presented approach is completely automated and therefore minimizes the “subjective” impact of manual parameter tuning, leading to reproducible temperature estimates. In contrast to many other ice-core-based temperature reconstruction methods, the presented approach is completely independent from ice-core stable-water isotopes, providing the opportunity to validate water-isotope-based reconstructions or reconstructions where water isotopes are used together with δ15N or δ40Ar. We solve the inverse problem T(δ15N, Acc) by using a combination of a Monte Carlo based iterative approach and the analysis of remaining mismatches between modelled and target data, based on cubic-spline filtering of random numbers and the laboratory-determined temperature sensitivity for nitrogen isotopes. Additionally, the presented reconstruction approach was tested by fitting measured δ40Ar and δ15Nexcess data, which led as well to a robust agreement between modelled and measured data. The obtained final mismatches follow a symmetric standard-distribution function. For the study on synthetic data, 95 % of the mismatches compared to the synthetic target data are in an envelope between 3.0 to 6.3 permeg for δ15N and 0.23 to 0.51 K for temperature (2σ, respectively). In addition to Holocene temperature reconstructions, the fitting approach can also be used for glacial temperature reconstructions. This is shown by fitting of the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) δ15N data for two Dansgaard–Oeschger events using the presented approach, leading to results comparable to other studies.
L-selectin gene polymorphism and its association with clinical mastitis, somatic cell score, and milk production in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

Bovine mastitis is a widespread disease of the mammary gland, highly contributing to the increase in veterinary costs in dairy industry. In the present study, the genetic polymorphism within bovine L-selectin gene was analysed and its impact on clinical mastitis occurrence, somatic cell score (SCS), and milk production traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows was examined. Polymorphism within L-selectin gene, molecule responsible for neutrophil attachment to endothelium, might have a potential role in immune response to bacterial infections and udder health. Two hundred and six Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms mutations within the coding sequence of L-selectin gene were identified (c.165G>A and c.567C>T). The effect of c.165G>A and c.567C>T mutations on SCS was highly significant (P = 0.0019 and P = 0.0003, respectively). Strong associations (P ≤ 0.0001) were also observed between L-selectin polymorphism and milk production traits (milk yield, milk fat percentage, and milk protein percentage). However, the polymorphism in the analysed gene had no influence on the resistance or susceptibility of cows to clinical mastitis (only the tendency toward significance, P = 0.06 for c.567C>T mutation was found). Potential exploitation of the information on the identified associations in genetic selection needs to confirm the obtained results in further investigations.
A generalized Neyman-Pearson lemma for hedge problems in incomplete markets

Some financial problems as minimizing the shortfall risk when hedging in incomplete markets lead to problems belonging to test theory. This paper considers a generalization of the Neyman-Pearson lemma. With methods of convex duality we deduce the structure of an optimal randomized test when testing a compound hypothesis against a simple alternative. We give necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for the problem.
GLACIER VOLUME CHANGE ESTIMATION USING TIME SERIES OF IMPROVED ASTER DEMS

Abstract. Volume change data is critical to the understanding of glacier response to climate change. The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) system embarked on the Terra (EOS AM-1) satellite has been a unique source of systematic stereoscopic images covering the whole globe at 15m resolution and at a consistent quality for over 15 years. While satellite stereo sensors with significantly improved radiometric and spatial resolution are available to date, the potential of ASTER data lies in its long consistent time series that is unrivaled, though not fully exploited for change analysis due to lack of data accuracy and precision. Here, we developed an improved method for ASTER DEM generation and implemented it in the open source photogrammetric library and software suite MicMac. The method relies on the computation of a rational polynomial coefficients (RPC) model and the detection and correction of cross-track sensor jitter in order to compute DEMs. ASTER data are strongly affected by attitude jitter, mainly of approximately 4 km and 30 km wavelength, and improving the generation of ASTER DEMs requires removal of this effect. Our sensor modeling does not require ground control points and allows thus potentially for the automatic processing of large data volumes. As a proof of concept, we chose a set of glaciers with reference DEMs available to assess the quality of our measurements. We use time series of ASTER scenes from which we extracted DEMs with a ground sampling distance of 15m. Our method directly measures and accounts for the cross-track component of jitter so that the resulting DEMs are not contaminated by this process. Since the along-track component of jitter has the same direction as the stereo parallaxes, the two cannot be separated and the elevations extracted are thus contaminated by along-track jitter. Initial tests reveal no clear relation between the cross-track and along-track components so that the latter seems not to be easily modeled analytically from the first one. We thus remove the remaining along-track jitter effects in the DEMs statistically through temporal DEM stacks to finally compute the glacier volume changes over time. Our method yields cleaner and spatially more complete elevation data, which also proved to be more in accordance to reference DEMs, compared to NASA’s AST14DMO DEM standard products. The quality of the demonstrated measurements promises to further unlock the underused potential of ASTER DEMs for glacier volume change time series on a global scale. The data produced by our method will help to better understand the response of glaciers to climate change and their influence on runoff and sea level.
Selection of habitat and resources during migration by a large mammal

Migration is a worldwide phenomenon that has occurred for thousands of years in a vast variety of species. The general knowledge of migrating animals is poor even though billions of animals from a range of different groups migrate every year. The human impact on migrating ungulates is high and many populations are declining globally due to direct and indirect causes. Hence it becomes vital to study the migration phase and the habitat and resources selected during migration. The objective with this study was to identify the habitat characteristics and resource selection of moose during migration and compare the selection between different seasons and utilization distribution (relative frequency distribution for the points of location of an animal over a period of time) categories. The study area is located in northern Sweden stretching from 64-67O N in the inland and mountain regions of Vasterbotten county. I used GPS tracking data from 49 individual moose represented by 87 moose-years between 2004 and 2010. BBMM (Brownian bridge movement model) and buffer zones were used to describe used and available habitat. BBMM was used since it takes the time interval and trajectory between the locations into account unlike many other models for estimating utilization distribution. The results show that there are differences both between different seasons and different utilization categories. Some individuals select different migration paths depending on season but also that many migration routes were being used both seasons. Moose seems to use migration paths that results in a low cost of energy and where there is a good amount of high quality food. Sometimes it’s unclear when a moose begins or end its migration and therefore problematic to delimit the whole migration path. The definition used in this study can possibly be improved by defining the home ranges in a different way. It would be interesting to analyse the ratio between the different habitat variables in order to see how they affect each other.