Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON FINITE A-PERFECT ABELIAN GROUPS

Let G be a group and A = Aut(G) be the group of automorphisms of G. Then the element [g, α] = g−1α(g) is an autocommutator of g ∈ G and α ∈ A. Also, the autocommutator subgroup of G is defined to be K(G) = 〈[g, α]|g ∈ G,α ∈ A〉, which is a characteristic subgroup of G containing the derived subgroup G′ of G. A group is defined as A-perfect, if it equals its own autocommutator subgroup. The present research is aimed at classifying finite abelian groups which are A-perfect.
A new affine stochastic volatility model with normal variance - mean mixture

We present a new model where the distribution of innovations is a Normal variance-mean mixture. In the model, the mixing process follows an a¢ ne Garch model with Gamma innovations, then we obtain a recursive procedure for the characteristic function of the logprices and we evaluate a European call by inverse Fourier Transform. The model admits the Garch model with Gamma innovations and the Variance-Gamma model as special cases. 1 Introduction Several empirical studies have documented important departures from the assumption of normality of log-returns. Indeed skewness, kurtosis, serial correlation and time-varying volatilities are observed in nancial time series. For this reason di¤erent models have been investigated in discrete-time and in continuous time. In continuous time, the Levy processes seem to be a natural generalization of the Brownian motion. Indeed the Levy process exihibits right-continuous sample paths with stationary and independent increments. Moreover, the marginal distribution can be easily identi ed by characteristic function (see Schoutens (2003)). However, the Levy processes usually represent an incomplete market and therefore we need to choose an equivalent martingale measure. The standard approach is based on Esscher Transform or the Minimal Entropy Martingale Measure (see Hubalek and Sgarra (2006) for a survey and comparison of these measures). Another way to capture the departure from normality is based on the concept of random time, introduced in nance by Clark (1973). A new process, namely the subordinated process, can be obtained from a primitive stochastic process by using an independent random time change process, referred to as a subordinator (usually an increasing Levy process). The distribution of this process is closely related to a mixture distribution. In particular, if we consider
Detailed characterisation of AVHRR global cloud detection performance of the CM SAF CLARA-A2 climate data record based on CALIPSO-CALIOP cloud information

The cloud detection performance of the cloud mask being used in the CM SAF cloud, albedo and surface radiation dataset from AVHRR data (CLARA-A2) cloud climate data record (CDR) has been evaluated in detail using cloud information from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) onboard the CALIPSO satellite. Validation results, including their global distribution, have been calculated from collocations of AVHRR and CALIOP measurements over a ten-year period (2006–2015). The sensitivity of the results to the cloud optical thicknesses of CALIOP-observed clouds were studied leading to the conclusion that the global cloud detection sensitivity (defined as the minimum cloud optical thickness for which 50 % of clouds could be detected) was estimated to 0.225. After applying this optical thickness threshold to the CALIOP cloud mask, results were found to be basically unbiased over most of the globe except over the polar regions where a considerably underestimation of cloudiness could be seen during the polar winter. The probability of detecting clouds in the polar winter could be as low as 50 % over the highest and coldest portions of Greenland and Antarctica, showing that also a large fraction of optically thick clouds remains undetected here. The study included an in-depth analysis of the probability of detecting a cloud as a function of the vertically integrated cloud optical thickness as well as of the cloud’s geographical position. Best results were achieved over oceanic surfaces at mid-to-high latitudes were at least 50 % of all clouds with an optical thickness down to a value of 0.075 were detected. Corresponding cloud detection sensitivities over land surfaces outside of the polar regions were generally larger than 0.2 with maximum values of approximately 0.5 over Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula. For polar land surfaces the values were close to 1 or higher with maximum values of 4.5 over the geographically highest parts of Greenland and Antarctica. The validation method is suggested to be applied also to other satellite-based CDRs and validation results are proposed to be used in Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) Observation Simulation Package (COSP) simulators for cloud detection characterisation of various cloud CDRs from passive imagery.
Volatility Nexus Between Stock Market and Macroeconomic Variables in Bangladesh: an Extended GARCH Approach

Abstract This paper examines the volatility of the Bangladesh stock market returns in response to the volatility of the macroeconomic variables employing monthly data of general index of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and four macroeconomic variables (Call Money Rate, Crude Oil Price, Exchange Rate and SENSEX of Bombay Stock Exchange) from January 2001 to December 2015. The results of GARCHS models reveal that the volatility of DSE return is significantly guided by the volatility of macroeconomic variables, such as, exchange rate and SENSEX. Specifically, volatility of the DSE is expected to 19% increase by 1% increase of exchange rate. Moreover, the volatility of the Bangladesh stock market returns is expected to dampen down by 2% with an increase in the volatility of Indian stock market of 1%. Thus, we can comment that adding exchange rate or stock returns of India in the GARCH model provides significant knowledge about the behaviour of the DSE volatility.
A review of supply chain data mining publications

The use of data mining in supply chains is growing, and covers almost all aspects of supply chain management. A framework of supply chain analytics is used to classify data mining publications reported in supply chain management academic literature. Scholarly articles were identified using SCOPUS and EBSCO Business search engines. Articles were classified by supply chain function. Additional papers reflecting technology, to include RFID use and text analysis were separately reviewed. The paper concludes with discussion of potential research issues and outlook for future development.
Γ–homology of algebras over an operad

The purpose of this paper is to study generalizations of Gamma-homology in the context of operads. Good homology theories are associated to operads under appropriate cofibrancy hypotheses, but this requirement is not satisfied by usual operads outside the characteristic zero context. In that case, the idea is to pick a cofibrant replacement Q of the given operad P. We can apply to P-algebras the homology theory associated to Q in order to define a suitable homology theory on the category of P-algebras. We make explicit a small complex to compute this homology when the operad P is binary and Koszul. In the case of the commutative operad P=Com, we retrieve the complex introduced by Robinson for the Gamma-homology of commutative algebras.
Motivation, Incentives and Performance: An Interdisciplinary Review

This review aims to extend the application of economic knowledge to evidence supplied by other research areas on the relationships between incentives, motivation and performance. Six areas of investigation have been selected based on their potential contribution in addressing three issues relevant to economics. The first issue concerns the distinction between intrinsic and prosocial motivation; the second is the relationship between motivation and performance; the third relates to the existence of perverse effects of incentives on motivation, which can take the form of undermining or crowding-out effects. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for economic theory, showing that different mechanisms are at work under intrinsic or prosocial motivation, implying the need for different instruments to promote behaviors and associated performance. In terms of crowding-out effects, there is little evidence to support a perverse effect when incentives are offered before or during performance, whereas the psychological literature provides consolidated validation for the undermining effect. Economics can gain insights from other disciplines by employing their investigative tools and theoretical developments. A feature of particular interest for economics is gamification, that is, the use of game design elements (design of video games and similar games) in non-game contexts.
A high-fidelity multiresolution digital elevation model for Earth systems

The impact of topography on Earth systems variability is well recognised. As numerical simulations evolved to incorporate broader scales and finer processes, accurately assimilating or transforming the topography to produce more exact land–atmosphere–ocean interactions, has proven to be quite challenging. Numerical schemes of Earth systems often use empirical parameterisation at sub-grid scale with downscaling to express topographic endogenous processes, or rely on insecure point interpolation to induce topographic forcing, which creates bias and input uncertainties. Digital elevation model (DEM) generalisation provides more sophisticated systematic topographic transformation, but existing methods are often difficult to be incorporated because of unwarranted grid quality. Meanwhile, approaches over discrete sets often employ heuristic approximation, which are generally not best performed. Based on DEM generalisation, this article proposes a high-fidelity multiresolution DEM with guaranteed grid quality for Earth systems. The generalised DEM surface is initially approximated as a triangulated irregular network (TIN) via selected feature points and possible input features. The TIN surface is then optimised through an energy-minimised centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT). By devising a robust discrete curvature as density function and exact geometry clipping as energy reference, the developed curvature CVT (cCVT) converges, the generalised surface evolves to a further approximation to the original DEM surface, and the points with the dual triangles become spatially equalised with the curvature distribution, exhibiting a quasi-uniform high-quality and adaptive variable resolution. The cCVT model was then evaluated on real lidar-derived DEM datasets and compared to the classical heuristic model. The experimental results show that the cCVT multiresolution model outperforms classical heuristic DEM generalisations in terms of both surface approximation precision and surface morphology retention.
A value analysis of new product development factors.in a Developed and Developing Country (Case Study)

New product development (NPD) is described in the literature as the transformation of a market opportunity into a product available for sale. In the automotive industry, within the context of ISO/TS16949:2002 (the automotive quality management system international standard), these related to the product realization process (PRP) which consists of Three main phases such as planning, Implementation and sales, and five sub-phases called “Planning”, “Product Design”, “Process Design and Development”, “Product and Process Verification and Validation”, and “Production”. These phases could be done concurrently and have correlated activities. There has been a wide range of working in new product development but in automotive section no contributes has been done before. The paper proposes a contribution between the new product development performance factors of a same project in a developed country and developing country. It shows the differences of employee and systems ways of thinking in two above mentioned categories. The main factors were extracted from literatures which are Goal clarity; Process formalization, Process Concurrency, Iteration, Learning, Team Leadership, Team Experience, Team Dedication, Internal Integration, External integration, Empowerment and Architecture. Having differences of people and systems thinking of new product development process of automotive engineering in two different working stations will be helpful in developing a complete model for performance measurement of a new product development in automotive industry. The questionnaires were made to analyze the value of each factor via employee view and system view and distribute in two different bases. The differences are illustrated in the paper.
Cross Layer Design in 802 . 16 d

WiMAX based wireless mesh network aims to provide broadband wireless for the last-mile access. It has high-speed data rate for large spanning area and is the key topology for the next generation wireless networking. The WIMAX mesh network (WMN) is developed with the use of base station (BS) as the main controller. However, the effects of the interferences from the transmission of the neighboring nodes within the mesh networks are inevitable and critical because all the nodes are using the same medium to communicate. This paper presents a cross-layer design that rely on the routing information in network (NET) layer and the scheduling slots in the medium access control (MAC) layer. The construction of the routing path with multi-channel single transceiver system and single channel single transceiver is proposed together with centralized scheduling (CS) algorithms that reduce the existing interferences in WMN. The analysis results show that the proposed algorithms have significantly improved the system performance in term of length of scheduling, channel utilization ratio (CUR), and throughput of the system.
A Fuzzy Goal Programming Model for Efficient Portfolio Selection.

This paper considers a multi-objective portfolio selection problem imposed by gaining of portfolio, divided yield and risk control in an ambiguous investment environment, in which the return and risk are characterized by probabilistic numbers. Based on the theory of possibility, a new multi-objective portfolio optimization model with gaining of portfolio, divided yield and risk control is proposed and then the proposed model is solved as a fuzzy goal programming model to fulfill aspiration level of each objective. Furthermore, numerical example of efficient portfolio selection is provided to illustrate that proposed model is versatile enough to be applicable to various unexpected conditions. This paper considers a multi-objective portfolio selection problem imposed by gaining of portfolio, divided yield and risk control in an ambiguous investment environment, in which the return and risk are characterized by probabilistic numbers. Based on the theory of possibility, a new multi-objective portfolio optimization model with gaining of portfolio, divided yield and risk control is proposed and then the proposed model is solved as a fuzzy goal programming model to fulfill aspiration level of each objective. Furthermore, numerical example of efficient portfolio selection is provided to illustrate that proposed model is versatile enough to be applicable to various unexpected conditions.
Simulating the Impact of an Increase in Patient Volume on a Government Emergency Department in Malaysia

This paper explores the potential of computer simulation model to assess the effect of patient increase to emergency department performance and the patient flow. A simulation model of emergency department is developed based on discrete event simulation and system dynamics modeling approach to capture the behavior of an integrated system. Several scenarios are conducted to help management determine the required resources due to patient volume increase that will not breach the national target time for patient to be attended to in emergency department. Results from the scenarios show that a 7% increase of patients affects most of the performance measures. In addition, medical assistants are the important resources in emergency department operations.
Earlier hospital discharge: a challenge for Norwegian municipalities

Aim: In order to improve patient outcomes and minimize health care costs, many Western countries are attempting to reduce the length of stay in hospitals by transferring responsibilities from specialist care to primary care. In Norway, the Coordination Reform was implemented in 2012 to enhance this development. As a result, the number of patients discharged to the municipal health care services has increased significantly. We investigate the extent to which nurses in nursing homes and home care services feel equipped to provide adequate care for patients discharged from hospitals after the reform.Data: Altogether, 1,938 nurses representing around 80% of Norwegian municipalities assessed their experiences of this reform.Results: An increase in the number of poorly functioning patients discharged to the municipality services was reported. Regardless of place of work, concerns were raised about limited resources in terms of personnel, equipment and competence, as well as an increase in hospital readmission rates. Negative reports on care provision for recently discharged patients came most frequently from nurses in municipalities which generally had low incomes, diverted limited resources to the health care sector and relied heavily on home-based care.Conclusion: Insufficient transfer of resources to the home care services may have hampered the ability to fulfil the Coordination Reform’s intentions of providing safe care to patients in their own homes as an alternative to prolonged hospital stays. Due to a marked increase in reported hospital readmissions, it is not obvious that shorter lengths of stays have reduced overall health care costs.
Technological Innovation and Economic Growth in Latin America Al´i Aali Bujari

This paper is aimed at analyzing the impact of technological innovation on economic growth for twelve representative countries in Latin America during the period 1996-2008. To do this, a dynamic panel data model is developedand estimated with GeneralizedMethod of Moments (GMM) system. The empirical evidence presented in this paper shows that the processes of technological innovation have a positive impact on economic growth in the region, suggesting that Latin American countries might achieve economic growth in a context of incentives for technological innovation. The article focuses on Latin American economies that account for most of the product in the region, and an analysis of dynamic panel data that allows a greater number of countries, of variables and periods is performed. The main finding is that investment in research, patents and exports of high-tech products are relevant to raise the total factor productivity and increase per capita GDP in most Latin American countries.
Portfolio in Turkish Economy, and a Long Termed Relation between Foreign Direct Investments and the Growth, and the Structural Breakage Analysis (1980-2012)

This article remarks that the activities of the international capital flows and the foreign direct investment increase, influence the growth process of countries. The economies attach more importance to these two factors in each passing day. On the other hand, the exposure degrees of host countries increase through the fluctuations. Especially, markets can fluctuate on a short notice because of the high speed of the capital movements. Therefore, countries mostly prefer to host the foreign direct investments. Thus, it is thought that countries can gain stability in a long term. However, this time, the damaging natural environment becomes a current issue with the labor force and natural sources that may be adapted to the technology transferred by direct foreign capital. This study empirically researched the actions of the foreign direct investments and portfolio investments on the growth that is theoretically presented for the finance of growth. The long term relation is researched by using the annual data of 1980-2012 in the Turkish economy. Especially, the structural breakage analysis is applied to put forward the effects of the crisis in 1994, 2001 and 2008. The most distinct finding according to the structural breakage tests cannot be confirmed in relation between the foreign investments and growth in the Turkish economy. In addition, it has been concluded that there is a long term relation between growth and foreign capital investments (the direct and portfolio).
Enhancing the Gas Permeability of Tröger’s Base Derived Polyimides of Intrinsic Microporosity

A series of four novel Troger’s base (TB) derived polyimides of intrinsic microporosity (PIM–TB–PI) is reported. The TB diamine monomer (4MTBDA) possesses four methyl groups in order to restrict rotation about the C–N imide bonds in the resulting polymers. The polymers possess apparent BET (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller) surface areas between 584 and 739 m2 g–1, complete solubility in chloroform, excellent molecular mass, high inherent viscosity and good film-forming properties. Gas permeability measurements demonstrate enhanced performance over previously reported polyimide-based Troger’s base (TB) polymers confirming the benefit of the additional methyl groups within the TB diamine monomer. Notably, a polyimide derived from 4MTBDA and pyromellitic anhydride (PMDA) demonstrates gas permeability data above the 2008 upper bounds for important gas pairs such as O2/N2, H2/N2, and H2/CH4.
Adverse Selection and M&A Design: The Roles of Alliances and Ipos

This paper investigates strategic alliances and initial public offerings (IPOs) as factors that potentially mitigate the risk of adverse selection in acquisitions. It is hypothesized that prior alliances between acquirers and targets as well as IPOs undertaken by targets reduce adverse selection in M&A. Examining the consideration used in M&A transactions to reflect the allocation of overpayment risk, we find that targets' prior alliances with acquirers and targets' IPOs reduce the likelihood of using stock, or the amount of stock used, to finance acquisitions. We also present evidence that alliances and IPOs substitute for one another.
House Prices, Non-Fundamental Components and Interstate Spillovers: The Australian Experience

Using Australian capital city data from 1984Q3-2008Q2, this paper utilizes a dynamic present value model within a VAR framework to construct time series of house prices depicting what aggregate house prices should be given expectations of future real disposable income – the ‘fundamental price’ – and continues by comparing capital city fundamental prices with actual prices. The extent to which revealed capital city ‘non-fundamental’ components spillover from state to state, as well as their long-term impact is also investigated. Results provide evidence of periods of sustained deviations of house prices from values warranted by income for all state capitals with the greatest deviations arising in the NSW market and starting around 2000. In general NSW is relatively more susceptible to spillovers transmitted from other states while ACT and WA are most isolated from the rest of the country.
South-North Convergence from a New Perspective

This North-South model of Schumpeterian endogenous growth combines a market, productivity and knowledge effect. A set of various convergent and divergent growth paths is derived that is much richer than in the literature so far. South-North convergence based on North-South technology diffusion through intermediate goods trade is guaranteed if the knowledge effect dominates the productivity effect. Moreover, a larger Southern market expands the area of convergence and can prevent divergence. Not only a larger Southern market size, but also a higher Southern steady state growth rate benefit the North so that convergence is desirable for both, the South and the North.