Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wind-Tunnel Testing of Rotor with Individually Controlled Trailing-Edge Flaps for Vibration Reduction

A control method is proposed to reduce vibrations in helicopters using active trailing-edge flaps on the rotor blades. Each blade is controlled independently, taking into account possible blade dissimilarities. The method consists of performing simultaneous system identification and closed-loop control at each time step. For the system identification, different inputs are applied to each blade, and the relationship between the individual blade inputs and the resulting loads in the fixed frame is estimated on-line, assuming a linear-time-periodic model of the helicopter. Closed-loop tests are conducted using a four-bladed Mach-scaled rotor with piezobender trailing-edge flaps. The rotor model is fitted on a bearingless model-scale hub and tested in the Glenn L. Martin wind tunnel. These tests demonstrate the controller's ability to account for blade dissimilarities and generate different optimal inputs for each blade. The 1 and 4/rev components of fixed frame loads are reduced individually by 50 and 60%. Simultaneous reduction of 1 and 4/rev components is also demonstrated (43% reduction). However, vibration increases are noted for some nontarget hub loads.
Single Cell Pico Force Microscopy: A Novel Tool for High Resolution Measurement of Cell Forces

Nearly all eukaryotic cells exert forces on their surroundings to generate and maintain tension within their cytoskeleton which is critical for normal cell function. In addition, cells exert forces on their surroundings to orient themselves within an organism, thus gaining information that influences cell fate and behavior, a process called mechanotransduction. In order to study mechanotransduction, a tool is needed that can observe the molecular level sensing events that trigger a decision by a cell as well as the ultimate response that occurs on the whole cell level. There are a number of optical techniques that are used to measure forces from adherent cells at the single cell level; some are good for measuring whole cell forces and some for measuring single molecule level forces, but none have the dynamic range necessary to span both regimes, which is critical for understanding mechanotransduction. To address this need, I have developed a Nano-ElectroMechanical Systems (NEMS) based tool, Single-Cell-Pico-Force-Microscopy (SCPFM), that measures forces exerted by adherent cells with macro-molecular level force sensitivity and sufficient dynamic range to monitor whole cell responses to stimuli with macro-molecular resolution. I have used SCPFM to measure force versus time data from a NIH-3T3 fibroblast as it is perturbed with Cytochalasin D (CD) and allowed to recover in growth media. Within the data there are three excellent examples of previously inaccessible molecular-mechanical processes that illustrate the immense potential of SCPFM to significantly enhance resolution of cell biology at the single cell level: 1) an initial contraction upon exposure to CD followed by the expected force drop, 2) small force oscillations, roughly 400pN peak-to-peak, with frequency that is monotonically dependent on the force being exerted by the lamellipodia, and 3) large, stable, quantized force steps of order 1nN are manifested when a cell’s cytoskeleton is perturbed with CD and allowed to recover in growth media. I propose two complimentary experimental efforts to undertake: a systematic effort to build a library of molecular-mechanical force signatures of various common cytoskeleton reactions and an effort to stimulate and observe compliance sensing and response in adherent cells.
A unified framework for the least-squares design of linear-phase nonrecursive filters

A method is described which can be used to design a wide class of nonrecursive linear-phase filters including those with arbitrary magnitude specifications and with time domain constraints. The approach is based on formulating the weighted mean-square error between the amplitude responses of the practical and ideal filters as a quadratic function. The filter coefficients are obtained by solving a set of linear equations. This method leads to a lower weighted mean-square error and is computationally more efficient than both the eigenfilter method and the method based on the Remez exchange algorithm. However, the main advantage of our method lies in its computational efficiency. Design examples of many different types of filters are provided. <<ETX>>
Feasibility analysis and proof of concept for thermoelectric energy harvesting in mobile computers

Thermoelectric (TE) energy harvesting in compact microelectronic systems necessitates detailed upfront analysis to ensure unacceptable performance degradation is avoided. TE integration into a notebook computer is empirically investigated in this work for energy harvesting. A detailed finite element model was constructed first for thermal simulations. The model outputs were then correlated with the thermal validation results of the selected system. In parallel, a commercial TE micro-module was empirically characterized to quantify maximum power generation opportunity from the combined system and component data set. Next, suitable “warm spots” were identified within the mobile computer model to extract TE power with minimum or no notable impact to system performance, as measured by simulated thermal changes in the system. The prediction was validated by integrating a TE micro-module to the mobile system under test. Measured TE power generation density in the vicinity of the heat pipe was 1.26 mW/cm3 using .
Effectiveness of Coordination Methods in Construction Projects

AbstractProper coordination is critical to the success of construction projects. Relevant studies have addressed the frequency and information quality of communication, but their combination and contribution to the effectiveness of coordination methods need to be examined. This paper explores two variables that affect coordination effectiveness: quantity and quality, as well as their relationships with coordination effectiveness and project performance. Eight coordination methods used on construction projects were examined and a questionnaire was designed accordingly. Then 26 contractor engineers at three organizational levels working on seven large projects were surveyed and interviewed to collect information about their coordination methods. The analysis results indicated that coordination quality is more related to coordination effectiveness (and indirectly to project performance) than coordination quantity. Projects that performed well had better coordination effectiveness than projects that performed.
Beyond the Red Queen syndrome: CRM technology and building material suppliers

Purpose – Many businesses operating in the construction and engineering sector have been trying to respond to the demands being imposed on them by utilising information technology applications such as CRM and ERP, but immediate benefits and improvements in business performance have not been forthcoming. This paper aims to provide building material suppliers with the underlying knowledge to improve their business performance and customer relationships.Design/methodology/approach – A structural model that examines the following critical success factors of implementing CRM was constructed: operational and strategic benefits, knowledge top management support, technological readiness, and management capabilities. The model was tested using a questionnaire survey and randomly distributed to 150 building material suppliers.Findings – A sample 72 building material suppliers was obtained. Using the evaluation technique of partial least squares the analysis fundamentally revealed that CRM technological initiatives .
Application of Imagery Training Method in College Table Tennis Elective Course

Reforming the teaching methods is an important task of the current education reform. The theory exploration and practice has a history of about 100 years and it is being recognized by the world. As an effective teaching and training method, and imagery training has become one of the psychological training methods in sports practice. In this paper, the author introduces the application of imagery training method in the college table tennis elective course and compares the effect of imagery training method and traditional teaching method. The results show that combining imagery training method and other teaching methods can make students obtain significantly higher score on both the bout quantity and the motion quality in the following two main techniques: forehand attack and backhand push-block. These results indicate that better teaching effects can be obtained by using the imagery training method in the teaching of college table tennis elective course. Thus, the author recommends that teachers attach enough importance to imagery training method and use it more often.
Characterization of vanadyl phthalocyanine based surface-type capacitive humidity sensors

This study presents the fabrication and characterization of novel surface-type capacitive humidity sensors using vanadyl phthalocyanine (VOPc) as the active material. The devices, which comprise three different thicknesses, have been fabricated using the thermal evaporation technique. A thin film of VOPc is deposited on thoroughly cleaned glass substrates with pre-patterned Ag electrodes. The capacitive effect of the samples under humidity has been investigated. Comparison of the samples with different thicknesses shows that the thinnest device seems more sensitive towards humidity. The humidity dependent capacitance properties of the sensor make it beneficial for use in commercial hygrometers.
Look, Don’t Touch

With each new technology interface introduced in the environment, users spend more time switching between and managing these interfaces. When the interfaces involve screen-based displays and controls, eye movements may provide an intuitive and efficient means of switching between screens. This research focused on evaluating manual keyboard and gaze-based control methods for switching control between displays of a simulated surveillance system. Results showed that gaze-based tracking was faster and produced lower subjective workload than using a manual keyboard. Operators’ performance was also consistent with Keystroke-Level Model–Goals Operators Methods Selection predictions for each control method. These findings identify gaze-based control as a viable method for switching control between multiple monitors.
Formal and Informal Practices of Knowledge Sharing between Project Teams and Enacted Cultural Characteristics

This article investigates the process of knowledge sharing between project teams and uses a case study approach. This is especially relevant, as organizations face both the needs for separating work into projects and integrating knowledge created in projects into the organization. The results provided by the analysis technique of GABEK® indicate that, although projects create boundaries, employees and project team leaders use formal mechanisms and develop informal practices for knowledge sharing between project teams. Furthermore, the article identifies organizational cultural characteristics enacted in these practices that can stimulate the discussion in “knowledge culture research” regarding the relationship of organizational cultural characteristics and (specific) knowledge processes.
Patient satisfaction in a preoperative assessment clinic: an analysis using SERVQUAL dimensions

One of the most important quality dimensions and key success indicators in health care is patient satisfaction. One way to measure patient satisfaction is by calculating the gap that appears between patients' expectations and perceptions about services delivered. In this study, we focused on measuring this gap in a hospital-based preoperative assessment clinic. By using the SERVQUAL model, we found that patients' most highly ranked expectation is ‘adequate information about their anesthesia and surgery’, and the second one is ‘adequate friendliness, courtesy’. These areas contained relatively low gaps between perceptions and expectations. The largest gap occurred between the expectation of clinic waiting time and overall quality perceived. We found the SERVQUAL model to be useful in revealing differences between patients' preferences and their actual experience.
MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION OF LOADS ON THE HUMAN BODY DURING SPORTS ACTIVITIES

Introduction: Mechanical loads on the human body are necessary to stimulate bone growth, to maintain bone integrity, and to strengthen the skeletal musculature. However, excessive forces, repetitive shock and high pressures have been identified as contributors to traumatic and overuse injuries. For events of short duration, cinematographic techniques are normally not sufficient to estimate the forces and accelerations experienced by the body's center of mass (CoM) or any one of its parts. Therefore, mechanical sensors are necessary to register forces, accelerations and pressure distributions that occur during sports activities. This methodological overview concentrates on technological aspects and the application of force, pressure and acceleration measurements. Methods: In the field of biomechanics piezoelectric and strain gage force platforms are commonly used for the determination of ground reaction forces. Properly mounted, these measuring devices provide high accuracy and a good frequency response. Desirable transducer characteristics for biomechanical applications may differ from characteristics advantageous for engineering usage. Measurement of pressure during sitting or lying on a bed requires a soft and pliable transducer mat that will adapt to the shape of the human body. However, such a transducer will not show good technical specifications. In recent years pressure distribution sensors have been developed using conductive paint as well as capacitive and piezoelectric transducers. Compared to force platforms, pressure distribution sensors allow a much more detailed analysis of the mechanical interaction of the human body with the ground. Pressure devices generally demonstrate reduced accuracy and lower frequency responses as compared to traditional force platforms. Strain gage, inductive, and piezoelectric technologies are also applied for the construction of accelerometers. They are important for the measurements of shock and vibrations at various parts of the body. Skin motion is a major problem for acceleration measurements in biomechanics, and care should be taken to minimize these artifacts. Applications: The use and the limitations of ground reaction force measurements will be demonstrated for locomotor and other athletic activities. In-shoe pressure distribution techniques have proven valuable in product testing of athletic footwear. Differences between shoes can easily be detected and the aging of material with use can be tested. The substantial influence of skin motion on acceleration measurements will be demonstrated, and methods will be suggested to reduce these skin artifacts. Running and tennis will be chosen as examples to demonstrate the use of acceleration measurements.
Associations among workload dimensions, performance, and situational characteristics: a meta-analytic review of the Task Load Index

ABSTRACT Workload is an important explanatory variable in human–computer interaction and commonly measured with the Task Load Index (TLX). Thus, it is important to understand the qualities of TLX and its relations to other variables. By reviewing 384 papers that apply TLX, this study analyzes how differences in TLX and its six subscales are associated with one another and with differences in performance, user experience, and situational characteristics. Six findings stand out. First, the TLX subscales measure associated, but somewhat independent, dimensions of workload. Second, people compensate for demanding conditions by putting in more effort and, as a result, sometimes avoid a drop in performance. Third, differences in workload are associated with differences in error rate, task completion time, and user experience but the strength of association is merely slight to fair. Fourth, differences in opposite directions between workload and either error rate, task completion time, or user experience are few but occur for all TLX subscales. Fifth, differences in workload dimensions are more often associated with differences in tasks and contexts than users and systems. Sixth, the TLX subscales – not just the composite TLX score – are widely used for testing cross-system differences in workload.
Interventional Mechanical thrombectomy Indications and limitations A Mini-Review

The endovascular clot retrieval in combination with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) has been established as the 1st choice therapy for the treatment of acute arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in case of large vessel occlusion. While the results of this therapy in ischemic insults in the anterior stromal region are clearly positive, the results for mechanical thrombectomy in posterior circulation are controversially discussed. In addition, the indication is made by the time window, sizing of the ischemic area, and various scores. The aim of the article is to review the available reports on the use of thromboelastography in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Optimization of RESURF LDMOS transistors: an analytical approach

The high-voltage behavior of the lateral double-diffused MOS transistor (LDMOST) is investigated using an analytical approach. Expressions for the breakdown voltage of an LDMOST fabricated on both thick and thin epitaxial layers are derived. On the basis of this information, a strategy for the optimization of RESURF LDMOSTs is developed. The accuracy of the analytical expressions is verified by comparison with two-dimensional simulation results. >
Neural Network‐Based CO2 Interpretation From 4D Sleipner Seismic Images

Time‐lapse or 4D seismic survey is a crucial monitoring tool for CO2 geological sequestration. Conventional time‐lapse interpretation provides detailed characterization of CO2 distribution in the storage unit. However, manual interpretation is labor‐intensive and often inconsistent throughout the long monitoring history, due to the inevitable changes in seismic acquisition and processing technology and interpreter's subjectivity. We propose a neural network (NN)‐based interpretation method that translates baseline and monitoring seismic images to the probability of CO2 presence. We use a simplified 3D U‐Net, whose training, validation and testing are all based on the Sleipner CO2 storage project. The limited labels for training are derived from the interpreted CO2 plume outlines within the internal sandstone layers for 2010. Then we apply the trained NN on different time‐lapse seismic data sets from 1999 to 2010. The results suggest that our NN‐based CO2 interpretation has the following advantages: (a) high interpretation efficiency by automatic end‐to‐end mapping; (b) robustness against the processing‐induced mismatch between the baseline and time‐lapse inputs, relaxing the baseline reprocessing demands when compared to newly acquired or reprocessed time‐lapse data sets; and (c) inherent interpretation consistency throughout multiple vintage data sets. Testing results with crafted time‐lapse images unveil that the NN takes both amplitude difference and structural similarity into account for CO2 interpretation. We also compare 2D and 3D U‐Nets under the scenario of sparse 2D labels for training. The results suggest that the 3D U‐Net provides more continuous interpretation at the cost of larger computational resources for training and application.
Lumped parameter thermal model for electrical machines of TEFC design

A lumped-parameter thermal model is described which provides both a steady-state and transient solution to the temperatures within an electrical machine of the TEFC design. The model is sufficiently complex to identify the temperatures at most locations in the machine, including the peak temperatures in the endwinding and the surface temperatures of the rotor. It is formulated out of purely dimensional information and constant thermal coefficients and is therefore easily adapted to a range of frame sizes. The thermal behaviour of the TEFC machine is accurately described by the solution of just eight linear differential equations. The model is therefore suitable for application to online temperature estimation for protection and duty-cycle evaluation. The application of the thermal model to a medium (75 kW) and two small (5.5 kW) induction motors is described in detail. The model performance is confirmed by experimental temperature data obtained from varying load tests on each of the three induction motors.
Effects of Subsurface Drip Irrigation and Different Planting Arrangements on the Yields and Technological Quality of Sugarcane

AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) and sugarcane spacing on stem yields, sugarcane technological quality, and the theoretical recoverable sugar yields during four cycles of sugarcane cultivation. The experimental field was set up in randomized blocks treated with three planting row spaces (1.5 m, 1.8 m, and a double row planting scheme with 1.3×0.5 m between the planting rows) and subdivided into fertigated and nonirrigated sections. The following parameters were analyzed: percentage of soluble solids contained in the juice (brix), percentage of apparent sucrose in the juice (Pol), total recoverable sugar (TRS), stem yield, and the theoretical recoverable sugar yield. The data were evaluated using analyses of variance, and mean values were compared using Duncan’s test with significance accepted at the 5% probability level. The results showed that irrigation increased stem yields in the ratoon cane cycles and that the theoretical recoverable .
Combined Supplementation of Probiotics and Enzymes Improves Performance and Regulates Rumen Microbiota in Fattening Goats

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical, immune and antioxidant indexes and rumen microflora fed with a basal diet (CON group), added B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (PRO group), supplemented with B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and enzyme preparations (COM group) on fattening goats.Methods: 39 male goats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 13 individuals in each group for feed period of 80 d. Goats were fed as follows: CON diet, PRO diet with B. subtilis and B. licheniformis, and COM diet with B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and compound enzymes.Results: ADFI of COM group significantly increased compared with CON group and PRO group (P < 0.01), as well as COM group and PRO group dramatically promoted ADG versus with CON group (P < 0.05). As a consequence, the body weight of fattening goats in the COM group was predominantly higher than that in the CON group (P < 0.01). In addition, the PRO group and COM group enhanced the TNF-α (P < 0.05) and IL-10 content (P < 0.01) in the serum. No differences were observed in serum biochemical and antioxidant indexes of three groups (P > 0.05). Likewise, the GR values of PRO group and COM group were noteworthy improved in comparison with CON group (P < 0.01). The VFA contents in rumen fluid were insignificantly different (P > 0.05). COM group also enriched the relative abundance of Proteobacteria compared with CON group and PRO group (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria decreased of PRO group and COM group in rumen fluid microorganisms (P < 0.05). Apparently, COM group significantly enriched nitrogen metabolism, glycolysis and TCA cycle (P < 0.05), whereas nucleotides biosynthesis was notably reduced (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combined feed of probiotics and enzymes had more profound effects than probiotics feed. Consequently, supplementation with B. subtilis and B. licheniformis and enzymes in the basal diet of fattening goats, which could improve growth performance, slaughter performance, immunity and accommodate rumen microbiota.