Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Xenacoelomorpha flatworms are basal Deuterostome

Background: Whether position Xenacoelomorpha as an early branch of Bilateria (Protostomes + Deuterostomes) has been intensely debated during last several decades. Considering Darwin’s “tree of life”, with the “Phylogenetic Species Concept”, we choose mitochondrial genome as the subject to predict phylogenetic position of Xenacoelomorpha, by genes genealogy. Results: Herein, we sequence Heterochaerus australis’s mitochondrial genome and infer intrinsic relationships of Metazoan with Xenacoelomorpha. The optimal tree under the popular maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian phylogenetic reconstructions are consensus with each other being strongly supported. The relationship between Chordates, Ambulacrarians and Xenoturbella/Acoelomorph is resolved. To avoid previous query about alignment process, the datasets are alignmented and trimmed automatically. Reducing taxon or cutting outgroups can not affect the relationship between Xenacoelomorpha and other Metazoan. Meanwhile, analysis using CAT model and Dayhoff groups also supporting the prediction made by mtZOA, relaxing the restriction of alignment criteria ( MAFFT, strategy G–ins–1, BLOSUM 62, 45, 30 ) introducing potential misleading signals can not challenge the tree topology indicating our auto-alignmented mitochondrial dataset is not artificially restricted one.
Psoriasis, Schizophrenia and Disorders with Psychotic Features: Are They Linked?

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high impact on quality of life. It is a psychophysiological skin disorder with several psychiatric comorbidities. Schizophrenia is the most debilitating neuropsychiatric condition and recent studies have suggested that inflammatory pathways are part of its etiopathogeny. A possible connection between psoriasis and schizophrenia, or other disorders with psychotic features, has been suggested, although the studies in this field are scarce. We decided to perform a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), using the 5S model of evidence based on information services described by Haynes. Our aim was to analyse what has been published on this topic. Psoriasis, schizophrenia and disorders with psychotic features seem to share genetic, immune and inflammatory processes which would explain why they could be linked. Cytokine activity may modulate the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) and Sympathetic Adrenomedullary (SAM) axes in both cases. Anti-psychotic medication and some treatments used for psoriasis modify the complex network of cytokines involved in both psoriasis and schizophrenia/ disorders with psychotic features. This could explain, for instance, the reported adverse effects of some of the drugs used to treat psoriasis and schizophrenia. Further studies are necessary to explore the etiopathogenic correlations which may be found in psoriasis and schizophrenia with potential therapeutic relevance. More studies are necessary to confirm the evidence of a higher prevalence of psoriasis in schizophrenic patients and of psychotic features in psoriasis patients as well as the mechanisms that may be responsible.
Homogenizing spatially periodic materials with respect to Maxwell equations: Chiral materials by mixing simple ones

The following general problem is discussed: given a composite, made from at least two different materials with each its own (scalar, and possibly complex- valued) e and ∝, distributed in space in a regular, crystal-like, pattern, find the equivalent permittivity and permeability (they will, in general, be tensors). A computation in which such repetitive composites are present can then be done by simply replacing these with their equivalent, homogenized, materials. When one does all this, it may come as a surprise to see "cross-dependencies": B, e.g., depends not only on H but on E as well, and D depends both on E and H. This kind of behavior, which is characteristic of the so-called chiral materials (because they rotate the polarization plane of waves), may result from homogenization, even with non-chiral components. Some symmetry arguments are used to find a necessary condition for this to happen: geometrical chirality at the cell level, that is, the cell should fail to be congruent with its image by central symmetry.
Design Study of Horizontal Axis Tidal Turbine Blade

A design study was conducted to understand the implications of bio-mimicking a curved caudal fin type horizontal axis tidal turbine blade design, using National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 0018 is presented. A method of transforming the traditional horizontal axis tidal turbine by defining a third order polynomial center line on which the symmetrical airfoils were stationed is also disclosed. Each of the airfoil characteristics: twist angle distribution, chord lengths, and a center line passing through the airfoil centers were automatically transformed to create the curved caudal fin-shaped blade; translating the spinal blade axis into percentage wise chord lengths, using NACA 0018 airfoil. A 3D mesh independency study of a straight blade horizontal axis tidal turbine modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was carried out. The grid convergence study was produced by employing two turbulence models, the standard k-e model and shear stress transport (SST) in ANSYS CFX. Three parameters were investigated: mesh resolution, turbulence model, and power coefficient in the initial CFD, analysis. It was found that the mesh resolution and the turbulence model affect the power coefficient results. The power coefficients obtained from the standard k-e model are 15% to 20% lower than the accuracy of the SST model. Further analysis was performed on both the designed blades using ANSYS CFX and SST turbulence model. The results between the straight blade designed according to literature and the caudal fin blade showed a maximum power coefficient of 0.4028%, and 0.5073% respectively for 2.5m/s inlet velocity.
DDDT_A_250541 3407..3416

Department of Ophthalmology, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China Purpose: To explore the feasibility of cyclophosphamide (CP) via a sub-Tenon microperfusion system (SMS) in rabbits, and assess its therapeutic efficacy in severe ocular inflammation. Materials and Methods: Distribution and pharmacokinetics of CP were evaluated in vivo, and the concentrations of CP in plasma, vitreous humor, and retina/choroid were quantitated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS /MS) at different time points. After induction of severe experimental uveitis, rabbits were divided into three groups (n=8 in each): the SMS group, subconjunctival injection (SI) group, and control group. Clinical inflammatory score was assessed in rabbits. Electroretinography and histopathology were performed on post-treatment day 8. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The concentrations of CP in vitreous humor and retina/choroid in the SMS group were significantly higher than that of the SI group at 3, 6, 10, and 24 hours (P<0.01), while plasmatic CP concentrations were comparable at all time points in the SMS group and SI group (P>0.05). The SMS group showed significantly less inflammation compared to the control group and SI group. Furthermore, the restoration of retinal structure and function were more obvious in the SMS group compared with conventional SI application. Conclusion: Sub-Tenon micro-perfusion of CP exhibited satisfied therapeutic efficacy in rabbits with severe ocular inflammation and may provide a promising alternative for controlling ocular inflammatory disease and immune-mediated ocular diseases.
Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genes Present Conflicting Human

Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences reveal an abundance of polymorphic sites in which the frequencies of the segregating bases are very different. A typical polymorphism involves one base at low frequency and the other base at high frequency. In contrast, nuclear gene data sets tend to show an excess of polymorphisms in which both segregating bases are at intermediate frequencies. A new statistical test of this difference finds significant differences between mtDNA and nuclear gene data sets reported in the literature. However, differences in the polymorphism patterns could be caused by different sample origins for the different data sets. To examine the mtDNA-nuclear difference more closely, DNA sequences were generated from a portion of the X-linked pyruvate dehydrogenase Ela subunit (PDHAl) locus and from a portion of mitochondrial control region I (CRI) from each of eight individuals, four from sub-Saharan Africa. The two genes revealed a significant difference in the site frequency distribution of polymorphic sites. PDHAl revealed an excess of intermediate-frequency polymorphisms, while CR1 showed an excess of sites with the low-high frequency pattern. The discrepancy suggests that mitochondrial variation has been shaped by natural selection, and may not be ideal for some questions on human origins. (Tajima 1989a,
EFFECT OF CPAP AIRWAY REACTIVITY AND AIRWAY INFLAMMATION IN CHILDREN WITH MODERATE-SEVERE ASTHMA

Background: Asthma indicates airway hyperactivity and airway inflammation. Previously literature has reported that adults with mild well controlled asthma exhibited a marked decrease in airway reactivity (PC20 increased >2-fold) after using nocturnal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for 1 week. If CPAP has positive effect on suppression of airway activity in children who have been suffering from mild-moderate asthma, the chronic use of corticosteroid would decrease. This non-pharmacological therapy would be beneficial in these children. Methods : Children aged 8–17 years with moderate– severe asthma were treated with 4 weeks of nocturnal CPAP (8–10 cm H2O) or sham CPAP ( 8-10 cm h 2 O). Adherence was monitored with a modem installed in the equipment or by memory cards. Airway reactivity, assessed by methacholine bronchial challenge, was measured prior to and following treatment. Conclusion: Results showed that 4-week treatment with nocturnal CPAP did not produce a twofold suppression of airway reactivity in children with moderate–severe asthma.
USE SOCIAL THEORIES IN DESIGN PROCESSES

Students in a masters’ programme for STEM teachers and Science Communication specialists at Delft University of Technology (DUT) participate in a design course, as designing course materials and communication products is part of their professional lives. Design in a non-technology context seems not to particularly motivate these students. This research project investigated how monitoring students can be put to use in optimizing instructional strategies and course content. An optimized curriculum, it is reasoned, leads to better motivated students, better learning and better student
Stabilization of periodic orbits in discrete and continuous-time systems

The main problem evaluated in this manuscript is the stabilization of periodic orbits of non-linear dynamical systems by use of feedback control. The goal of the control methods proposed in this work is to achieve a stable periodic oscillation. These control methods are applied to systems that present unstable periodic orbits in the state space, and the latter are the orbits to be stabilized.The methods proposed here are such that the resulting stable oscillation is obtained with low control effort, and the control signal is designed to converge to zero when the trajectory tends to the stabilized orbit. Local stability of the periodic orbits is analyzed by studying the stability of some linear time-periodic systems, using the Floquet stability theory. These linear systems are obtained by linearizing the trajectories in the vicinity of the periodic orbits.The control methods used for stabilization of periodic orbits here are the proportional feedback control, the delayed feedback control and the prediction-based feedback control. These methods are applied to discrete and continuous-time systems with the necessary modifications. The main contributions of the thesis are related to these methods, proposing an alternative control gain design, a new control law and related results.
When the storm is the strongest: Healthcare staff’s health conditions and job satisfaction and their associated predictors during the epidemic peak of COVID-19

This study reports the physical health, mental health, anxiety, depression, distress, and job satisfaction of healthcare staff in Iran when the country faced its highest number of total active COVID-19 cases. In a sample of 304 healthcare staff (doctors, nurses, radiologists, technicians, etc.), we found a sizable portion reached the cutoff levels of disorders in anxiety (28.0%), depression (30.6%), and distress (20.1%). Age, gender, education, access to PPE (personal protective equipment), healthcare institutions (public vs. private), and individual status of COVID-19 infection each predicted some but not all the outcome variables of SF-12, PHQ-4, K6, and job satisfaction. The healthcare workers varied greatly in their access to PPE and in their status of COVID-19 infection: negative (69.7%), unsure (28.0%), and positive (2.3%). The predictors were also different from those identified in previous studies of healthcare staff during the COVID-19 crisis in China. This study helps to identify the healthcare staff in need to enable more targeted help as healthcare staff in many countries are facing peaks in their COVID-19 cases.
Deep learning for forest inventory and planning: a critical review on the remote sensing approaches so far and prospects for further applications

Data processing for forestry applications is challenged by the increasing availability of multi-source and multi-temporal data. The advancements of Deep Learning (DL) algorithms have made it a prominent family of meth-ods for machine learning and artiﬁcial intelligence. This review determines the current state-of-the-art in using DL for solving forestry problems. Although DL has shown potential for various estimation tasks, the applications of DL to forestry are in their infancy. The main study line has related to comparing various Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures between each other and against more shallow machine learning techniques. The main asset of DL is the possibility to internally learn multi-scale features without an explicit feature extraction step, which many people typically perceive as a black box approach. According to a comprehensive literature review, we identiﬁed challenges related to (1) acquiring sufﬁcient amounts of representative and labelled training data, (2) difﬁculties to select suitable DL architecture and hyperparameterization among many methodological choices and (3) susceptibility to overlearn the training data and consequent risks related to the generalizability of the predictions, which can however be reduced by proper choices on the above. We recognized possibilities in building time-series prediction strategies upon Recurrent Neural Network architectures and, more generally, re-thinking forestry applications in terms of components inherent to DL. Nevertheless, DL applications remain data-driven, in contrast to being based on causal reasoning, and currently lack many best practices of conventional forestry modelling approaches. The beneﬁts of DL depend on the application, and the practitioners are advised to ex ante subject their requirements to operational data availability, for example. By this review, we contribute to the technical discussion about the prospects of DL for forestry and shed light on properties that require attention from the practitioners
High harmonic generation in mixed XUV and NIR fields at a free-electron laser

We present the results of an experiment investigating the generation of high-order harmonics by a femtosecond near-infrared (NIR) laser pulse in the presence of an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) field provided by a free-electron laser (FEL), a process referred to as XUV-assisted high-order harmonic generation (HHG). Our experimental findings show that the XUV field can lead to a small enhancement in the harmonic yield when the XUV and NIR pulses overlap in time, while a strong decrease of the HHG yield and a red shift of the HHG spectrum is observed when the XUV precedes the NIR pulse. The latter observations are in qualitative agreement with model calculations that consider the effect of a decreased number of neutral emitters but are at odds with the predicted effect of the correspondingly increased ionization fraction on the phase matching. Our study demonstrates the technical feasibility of XUV-assisted HHG experiments at FELs, which may provide new avenues to investigate correlation-driven electron dynamics as well as novel ways to study and control propagation effects and phase matching in HHG.
University of Birmingham Polymorphisms near TBX5 and GDF7 are associated with increased risk for Barrett's esophagus

Barrett s (BE) increases the of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). We found the risk to BE with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21 (within the HLA region) on where the closest protein-coding gene is FOXF1 . Subsequently, Barrett ’ s and Esophageal Consortium (BEACON) identi ﬁ ed risk loci for BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma near CRTC1 and BARX1 , and within 100 kb of FOXP1 . We to identify further SNPs that increased BE risk and to validate previously reported associations. METHODS: We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify variants associated with BE and further analyzed promising variants identi ﬁ ed by BEACON by genotyping 10,158 patients with BE and 21,062 controls. RESULTS: We identi ﬁ ed 2 SNPs not previously associated with BE: rs3072 (2p24.1; odds ratio ¼ 1.14; 95% CI: 1.09 – 1.18; P ¼ 1.8 (cid:2) 10 (cid:3) 11 ) and rs2701108 (12q24.21; OR ¼ 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86 – 0.93; P ¼ 7.5 (cid:2) 10 (cid:3) 9 ). The closest protein-coding genes were respectively GDF7 (rs3072), which encodes a ligand in the bone morphogenetic protein pathway, and TBX5 (rs2701108), which encodes a transcription factor that regulates esophageal and cardiac development. Our data also supported in BE cases 3 risk SNPs identi ﬁ ed by BEACON (rs2687201, rs11789015, and rs10423674). Meta-analysis of all data identi ﬁ ed another SNP associated with BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma: rs3784262, within ALDH1A2 (OR ¼ 0.90; 95% CI: 0.87 – 0.93; P ¼ 3.72 (cid:2) 10 (cid:3) 9 ). CONCLUSIONS: We identi ﬁ ed 2 loci associated with risk of BE and provided data to support a further locus. The genes we found to be associated with risk for BE encode transcription factors involved in thoracic, diaphragmatic, and esophageal development or proteins involved in the in ﬂ ammatory response.
Is It Effective For Acupuncture In Treating Postoperative Ileus? ---- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Acupuncture may promote early recovery of postoperative ileus (POI). This meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of acupuncture on outcomes after elective surgery. Material and Methods: We searched database of PUBMED, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception to Aug. 2019, and selection criteria is randomized controlled trials (RCT). Primary outcome was time to first passage of flatus(d). Secondary outcomes included time to tolerated solid food(d), time to first bowel movement(d), time of first defecation(d), duration of hospital stay(d). Result: We identified 9 studies that recruited 910 participants for inclusion in our review. Compared with other non-pharmacy treatments, acupuncture treatment yielded an improved on mean time to first passage of flatus in postoperative patients (MD=-0.67; 95% CI, [-1.33, -0.01], p= 0.000; I2= 94.7%), a shorten time to tolerated solid food (MD=-0.33; 95% CI, [-0.62, -0.04], p= 0.320; I2`=14.5%), an earlier recovery of bowel movement (MD=-0.43; 95% CI, [-0.74, -0.11], p= 0.004; I2= 73.9%), an improved on mean time of first defecation (MD=-1.33; 95% CI, [-1.90, -0.76], p= 0.000, I2= 83.2%), and reduced hospital stay (MD=-0.43; 95% CI, [-0.68, -0.19], p=0.049, I2=52.6%), Conclusion: This review identified the evidence of acupuncture for postoperative patients in improving recovery of gastrointestinal function. This benefit of acupuncture should be a potential non-pharmacotherapy in the management of postoperative ileus.
Two natural DNA black strings may be new windows into extra dimensions: The eﬀect of extra dimensions on biological systems

Recently, some scientists claimed that there may be a black hole like shell in the center of earth. Now, the question arises that what is the relation between this black hole and life? We response to this question by introducing a duality between number of microstates of a DNA and a black string. We show that by compacting a DNA in an small place with 10 − 9 size shorter, a curved space-time is emerged and DNA evolves and transmits to a black string. This DNA black string could open a new window into extra dimensions. Thus, we have two natural telescopes for exploring extra dimensions, one is DNA which is compacted interior of cells and second is a DNA black string in the center of earth. We obtain the relation between number of microstates of a DNA and number of dimensions and propose experimental methodes for detecting eﬀects of extra dimensions on biological system. For example, in one method, cosmic waves leads to motions of electrons in metals and emergence of input current which is observed by an scope. On the other hand, waves of earthquake lead to the motion of electrons in a metal and emergence of output current which is observed by another scope. Using the relations between number of microstates of DNA black string interior of earth and diﬀerences between input and output currents, we can obtain number of dimensions. Also, this method helps us to predict time and location of earthquakes on the earth.
: Sentence-Level Emotion Apprehension Through Facial Expression & Speech Verification Analysis

—The importance of Emotional state apprehension is widely perceived in social interaction and social intelligence. Since the nineteenth century, this has been a popular research subject. In human-to-human communication, the understanding of facial expressions forms a communication carrier that offers vital data about the mental, emotional and even physical state of the persons in conversation. Inevitably user’s emotional state plays an important role not only in human associations with other people but also in the way a user uses computers. As the emotional state of a person may determine consistency, task solving, and decision-making skills. Facial expression analysis, as used in this research, refers to computer systems that try to automatically predict user emotional state by analysing and identifying facial motions and facial feature changes from visual data. Though situations, body gesture, voice, individual diversity, and cultural influences, as well as facial arrangement and timing, all aid in interpretation. Facial expression analysis tools will be used in this research to analyse facial actions regardless of context, society, gender, and so on.