Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Transinstitutionalisation of People Living in Licensed Boarding Houses in Sydney

Abstract Deinstitutionalisation, one of the most significant social policies of the last century, was introduced into Australia from the 1960s, and involved the closure or downsizing of large institutions and the integration of people with disability and mental illness into the community. One of the community-based accommodation options for people leaving institutions was boarding houses. This paper presents the findings of a study into the use of licensed boarding houses for people with intellectual disability and people with mental illness in Sydney, Australia. The study aimed to explore how boarding houses operate as an accommodation option within the policy of deinstitutionalisation and the extent to which this accommodation type upholds human rights principles and contributes to residents' quality of life. Forty interviews were conducted with a range of participants including current and former residents, proprietors of licensed boarding houses, and staff of community organisations and government agencies about licensed boarding houses and the quality of life of residents. The study found that licensed boarding houses are a form of transinstitutionalisation and do not serve to enact the human rights principles articulated in current policy and legislation.
Translation-invariant denoising using multiwavelets

Translation invariant (TI) single wavelet denoising was developed by Coifman and Donoho (1994), and they show that TI is better than non-TI single wavelet denoising. On the other other hand, Strela et al. (1994) have found that non-TI multiwavelet denoising gives better results than non-TI single wavelets. We extend Coifman and Donoho's TI single wavelet denoising scheme to multiwavelets. Experimental results show that TI multiwavelet denoising is better than the single case for soft thresholding.
Efficient identity-based strong designated verifier signature schemes

Strong designated verifier signature (SDVS) makes it possible for a signer to convince a designated verifier that he or she has signed a message in such a way that the designated verifier cannot transfer the signature to any third party and no third party can even verify the validity of the signature. Recently, Kang et al. proposed an identity-based SDVS (IBSDVS) scheme that is claimed to be unforgeable and strong. However, in this paper, we show that their scheme is actually forgeable, delegatable, and not strong. We then propose an improved efficient IBSDVS scheme with short signature size and provide formal security proofs based on the computational Diffie–Hellman assumption in the random oracle model. We also show that the performance of our scheme outperforms all the existing IBSDVS schemes known in the literature. Furthermore, we propose an extension of our scheme achieving the stronger notion of nondelegatability and provide formal security proofs. The extended scheme is also showed to achieve high efficiency and short signature size. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wideband TDOA/FDOA processing using summation of short-time CAF's

A commonly used method of calculating TDOA and FDOA is the cross ambiguity function (CAF). The narrowband model assumes that the Doppler is constant over the bandwidth of the signal. When time companding, caused by relative motion, becomes large enough, the CAF performance is degraded. One method of compensation is to resample the signal, but this can be computationally intensive, especially if there is a wide range of time companding. A second method is to reduce the time the CAF is computed over, but the processing gain is reduced. If the short-term CAFs are recombined after the time companding has been compensated, much of the processing gain can be recovered. In this paper, three novel methods of recombining short-time CAFs are developed and analyzed. The first method is to estimate the TDOA and FDOA for each short-time CAF. The second method is to compensate and noncoherently add the CAFs together. This improves the peak detection over the first method but not the TDOA and FDOA accuracy. The third method is to compensate for both time and phase and then coherently add the short-time CAFs together. This last method improves the FDOA accuracy over the first two methods. The effects of sampled data and frequency dual are analyzed. Simulation results are provided to verify analytical results.
Heptanol Application to the Mouse Round Window

Objective Identify cells supporting cochlear lateral wall regeneration. Study Design Prospective controlled trial. Setting Laboratory. Human presbyacusis occurs, in part, secondary to age-related degeneration of cochlear lateral wall structures such as the stria vascularis and spiral ligament fibrocytes. This degeneration is likely linked to the diminished regenerative capacity of lateral wall cells with age. While lateral wall regeneration is known to occur after an acute insult, this process remains poorly understood and the cells capable of self-replication unidentified. We hypothesized that spiral ligament fibrocytes constitute these proliferative cells. Subjects and Methods To test the hypothesis, an acute ototoxic insult was created in 65 normal-hearing, young adult mice via cochlear exposure to heptanol. Sacrifice occurred at 1 to 60 days posttreatment. Auditory brainstem responses, 5-ethynyl-2′−deoxyuridine assay, and immunostaining were used to assess regeneration. Results Posttreatment hearing thresholds were elevated in nearly all treated mice. Selective fibrocyte apoptosis and strial injury were observed at the time of peak hearing loss around 1 to 7 days posttreatment. Cellular proliferation was detected in the region of type II fibrocytes during this time. Hearing thresholds plateaued at 7 days posttreatment followed by a significant recovery of both hearing and morphologic appearance. Permanent outer hair cell degeneration was observed. Conclusions Heptanol application to the round window of young adult mice is a rapid, selective, and reliable technique for investigating proliferation in the cochlear lateral wall. The data indirectly showed that spiral ligament fibrocytes may be the proliferative cells of the cochlear lateral wall. Further studies of this process are needed.
Ontologies and Electronic Commerce

Ontologies are the first step toward realizing the full power of online e-commerce. Ontologies enable machine-understandable semantics of data, and building this data infrastructure will enable completely new kinds of automated services. Software agents can search for products, form buyer and seller coalitions, negotiate about products, or help automatically configure products and services according to specified user requirements. The combination of machine-processable semantics of data based on ontologies and the development of many specialized reasoning services will bring the Web to its full power. The authors discuss: taxonomies; information sources; future issues; business viewpoints; the e-marketplace; and B2B e-commerce standardisation and integration.
Religiosity, Smoking, Exercise, and Obesity Among Southern, Community-Dwelling Older Adults

This study examined associations between organizational (OR), nonorganizational (NOR), and intrinsic religiosity (IR) and measures of cigarette smoking, exercise, and obesity among older adults, controlling for measures of sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidity. In-home interviews were conducted among a stratified, random sample of Medicare beneficiaries from five central Alabama counties (the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging). Balanced numbers of African American and White, female and male, and rural and urban participants were recruited for the study. OR and NOR were negatively related to lifetime cigarette smoking and OR was positively related to leisure-time physical activity, even when controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidity. No measure of religiosity was related to the likelihood of being obese, and IR did not predict smoking or exercise. The authors suggest that faith-based communities may be important resources for delivering health promotion programs for older adults.
FBT: an efficient traceback scheme in hierarchical wireless sensor network

With limited resource constraints, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) pose unique technical challenges: WSNs are vulnerable to DoS/DDoS attacks that can easily exhaust rare available resources to prevent execution of their expected functions. Reconstructing the attacking path and locating the attacking source are challenging tasks in the traceback research areas. In conventional IP networks, probabilistic packet marking (PPM) schemes are among the widely used traceback algorithms. However, due to their high convergence times, conventional PPM schemes are not enough for the need for quick and accurate traceback in WSNs. Because marking probability assignment schemes have considerable influence on convergence time and performance, we place a particular emphasis on how to improve both easiness and efficiency for the marking probability assignment of the PPM. In this paper, we propose a novel traceback scheme, called fishbone traceback (FBT), which can be deployed in hierarchical WSN environments. FBT is designed based on the two-layer labelling technique and a smart marking probability distribution function (MPDF). The use of two-layer FBT labels is to derive the main branch (‘fish spine’) of the attacking path quickly, while the use of MPDF can greatly reduce the convergence time by integrating with a priori information of hierarchical WSN topology. The FBT path reconstruction procedure is able to rebuild the spine path (for inter-cluster traceback) via cluster head marking packets. It also reforms the details of the micro fishbone path (for intra-cluster traceback) on-demand within a cluster. Both numerical analysis and simulation results show that our solution has better performance in terms of shorter traceback convergence time. In particular, the proposed FBT also includes many salient features (such as the enhanced robustness of the traceback algorithm in case of multi-attack and reusable spine path), which enable FBT to be a practical solution to the traceback problem in hierarchical WSNs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Medical and Surgical Management of Congenital Laryngomalacia

Objective To compare the growth of infants with moderate to severe laryngomalacia who underwent supraglottoplasty to the growth of those treated with medical therapy alone. Study Design Case-control study of patients treated between 2008 and 2013. Setting Tertiary care pediatric otolaryngology practice. Subjects and Methods Fifty-one infants newly diagnosed with moderate to severe congenital laryngomalacia. Seventeen infants underwent supraglottoplasty and 34 matched controls had medical management, which included acid suppression therapy, speech and swallowing therapy, and/or high-calorie formula. The primary outcome measure was weight percentile recorded at the second clinic visit and at the last available follow-up. The secondary outcomes were the need for primary or revision supraglottoplasty, tracheostomy or gastrostromy, or the development of or persistence of failure to thrive. Results There was no difference in the mean weight percentile between the surgical and nonsurgical groups at the time of last follow-up (P = .89). The mean change in weight percentile during the study period was 32% (95% CI, 15%-48%) in the supraglottoplasty group and 31% (95% CI, 22%-40%) in the medical group (P = .97). Five of 5 (100%) patients with failure to thrive managed surgically and 10 of 10 (100%) managed medically were above the fifth percentile at the end of the follow-up period. One (3%) patient in the medical management group required tracheostomy and gastrostomy tube placement. Conclusions Medical management and close observation of infants with moderate to severe congenital laryngomalacia may be a viable alternative to supraglottoplasty in appropriately selected infants.
Time is money-the economic impact of point of care on the emergency department of a tertiary care university hospital

BACKGROUND: With Swedish emergency departments (EDs) becoming independent financial units, economic pressure is placed onto the EDs. The use of point-of-care (POC) systems allowing rapid analysis of blood samples is increasing in the ED. In this study, we analyzed the potential economic impact of the use of the iSTAT POC system in the ED of a university hospital. METHODS: Prices for the test batteries Chem8 +, CG4 +, and TNI and for the analyzers were provided by the manufacturer and compared to analyses by the hospitals central laboratory. With staffing being the major cost in the ED, the cost for attending each minute a patient in the ED was calculated. Fixed costs were omitted in the analysis. The difference in turnaround time for the available results of analysis by POC and by the central laboratory was determined. RESULTS: The use of POC resulted in direct savings for analysis of 111 US$/patient. The mean ± SD delay between POC results and central laboratory results was 48.5 ± 28.67 minutes. This is equivalent to 32,333 working hours per year. Emergency department staffing accounts for a cost of 1.5 US$ per patient per minute. The time saved by POC translates into potential savings of 72.75 US$ per patient. Based on 40,000 patient visits per year in our ED, 7,350,000 US$ could be saved by the stringent use of POC. CONCLUSIONS: The use of POC could produce a major economic impact for the ED if all potential savings are realized. Considering the potential savings on waiting times, POC might also increase patientsE safety and satisfaction as well as help to alleviate overcrowding in the ED. Copyright
Anomaly detection and response approach based on mapping requests

There is an increasing consensus that the locator/identifier separation of IP address is necessary to resolve the scalability issues of current Internet routing architecture. After identifiers are separated from locators, an identifier-to-locator mapping service must be employed to map identifiers onto locators. From this point, this paper proposes an anomaly detection and response approach based on mapping requests. By using the cumulative sum algorithm for change point detection, this approach introduces the anomalous traffic detection of mapping requests to diagnose the aberrant network behaviors. Once alarming, two effective response methods can be chosen to control the anomalous attack traffic in real time. Furthermore, in order to decouple the mapping request traffic from the mapping cache, this approach not only takes into account the mapping cache timeout but also puts forward a practical mapping request threshold algorithm. In particular, our simulation results show that, compared with the anomaly detection approach based on network traffic, the proposed approach is more advantageous and efficient. In addition, we also discuss the possible false positive and false negative problems, which may be caused by some accidental phenomena.
Dexamethasone’s Effect in the Retrocochlear Auditory Centers of a Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Mouse Model

Objective Examine prophylactic effects of dexamethasone (Dex) in retrocochlear auditory centers in a noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) mouse model. Study Design Prospective animal study. Setting Academic research center. Subjects and Methods Thirty-two mice were divided into control, untreated, saline (2 and 10 µL), and Dex (2 and 10 µL) groups. Dex was applied intratympanically (IT) prior to 110 to 120 dB noise over 6 hours. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) were performed at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 2 months. Retrocochlear neuronal cells were labeled with FluoroGold and counted. Hair cells of the organ of Corti were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated phalloidin and counted. Results Auditory brainstem response thresholds of untreated NIHL, 2 and 10 µL IT saline, and 2 and 10 µL IT Dex were 21.7 ± 2.9 dB, 20 ± 0 dB, 20 ± 5 dB, 18.3 ± 2.9 dB, and 18.3 ± 2.9 dB, respectively. At 1-day post NIHL, all groups demonstrated profound hearing loss. At 2 weeks, 2 and 10 µL Dex thresholds improved to 47.5 ± 3.5 dB and 48.8 ± 18.9 dB, respectively, whereas the untreated and saline groups remained unchanged. Mean cell counts in the cochlear nucleus (CN), superior olivary complex (SOC), and lateral lemniscus (LL) of control mice were 1483 ± 190, 2807 ± 67, and 112 ± 20, respectively. After acoustic trauma, the untreated, saline, and 2 µL Dex groups yielded decreased neuronal counts in the SOC. In contrast, the 10 µL Dex group had 1883 ± 186 (CN), 2774 ± 182 (SOC), and 166 ± 18 (LL). There was sporadic hair cell loss for all traumatized groups. Conclusion Our NIHL mouse model demonstrated dose-dependent Dex pretreatment otoprotection against NIHL with preservation of retrocochlear auditory neurons.
Clinical Consensus Statement

Objective To develop a clinical consensus statement on the optimal diagnosis and management of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (PCRS). Methods A representative 9-member panel of otolaryngologists with no relevant conflicts of interest was assembled to consider opportunities to optimize the diagnosis and management of PCRS. A working definition of PCRS and the scope of pertinent otolaryngologic practice were first established. Patients of ages 6 months to 18 years without craniofacial syndromes or immunodeficiency were defined as the targeted population of interest. A modified Delphi method was then used to distill expert opinion into clinical statements that met a standardized definition of consensus. Results After 2 iterative Delphi method surveys, 22 statements met the standardized definition of consensus while 12 statements did not. Four statements were omitted due to redundancy. The clinical statements were grouped into 4 categories for presentation and discussion: (1) definition and diagnosis of PCRS, (2) medical treatment of PCRS, (3) adenoiditis/adenoidectomy, and (4) endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS)/turbinoplasty. Conclusion Expert panel consensus may provide helpful information for the otolaryngologist in the diagnosis and management of PCRS in uncomplicated pediatric patients.
Social Media Analytics for Smart Health

This special section of "Trends & Controversies" focuses on social media analytics for smart health. The introduction, called "Social Media Analytics for Smart Health," is provided by Ahmed Abbasi and Donald Adjeroh. Then Mark Dredze and Michael J. Paul have written "Natural Language Processing for Health and Social Media. " Next, Fatemeh "Mariam" Zahedi, Huimin Zhao, Nitin Walia, Hemant Jain, Patrick Sanvanson, and Reza Shaker discuss "Treating Patients Real Avatars in the Virtual Medical Office. " The fourth selection, by Marco D. Huesch, is "Social Media versus Privacy and Credibility," The last piece, written by Donald Adjeroh, Richard Beal, Ahmed Abbasi, Wanhong Zheng, Marie Abate, and Arun Ross, is "Signal Fusion for Social Media Analysis of Adverse Drug Events".
An evidence base for mental health promotion through supported education: A practical application of Antonovsky's salutogenic model of health

Abstract Purpose This paper reviews the literature for evaluation studies that might fulfil the criteria of evidence-based medicine (EBM) in the specialism of ‘supported education for people with long-term mental health needs’, with a view to justifying the efficacy of these initiatives and attracting the associated funding. Design and methods A review of the literature was conducted for supported education evaluation studies that might fulfil the criteria of EBM. The methodologies of the studies found were examined both for appropriateness to the initiative being undertaken, and to what extent it complied with EBM. A recently developed and implemented evaluation methodology of supported education conducted over three years in a further education (FE) college (Morrison & Clift 2006) was then examined in the light of the above findings, with a view to attempting to overcome major difficulties and confirm outcomes. Results Currently, the literature has few examples of programme evaluations that meet EBM criteria, which might convince budget holders of the efficacy of supported education. However, those that are available have consensus in their findings of the positive outcomes and the associated causative reasons. For the future, a recently developed and implemented triangulated evaluation methodology, and using Antonovsky's short-form Sense of Coherence questionnaire (SOC-13) as a test, retest instrument, has been successful in answering the dichotomy of rigour with appropriateness, and issues of consistency of evaluation methods and reducing the multitude of measuring instruments found in present studies. Implications This research has government target implications for budget holders, health promotion staff and mental health teams working within the recovery model of health, in the collaborative use of resources to assist people recovering from or managing mental health difficulties to move forward in their lives. Conclusion This study offers an appropriate and rigorous methodology and test, retest instrument for a non-randomised control trial suitable for the social sciences, and especially for evaluating supported education initiatives, so that they can be properly validated and attract funding. It also supports the cost benefits of mental health promotion for those recovering from or managing their mental health needs.
Total least squares phased averaging and 3-D ESPRIT for joint azimuth-elevation-carrier estimation

The method of total least squares (TLS) phased averaging for high-performance subspace fitting in the three-dimensional (3-D) case of spectral estimation with 3-D ESPRIT is introduced and applied to the joint azimuth elevation-carrier estimation problem with two-dimensional (2-D) uniform rectangular arrays. The method is highly efficient computationally and is suitable for large arrays. Detailed computer experiments and comparisons are provided. For a 16/spl times/16 array of sensors and heavy noise, TLS phased-averaging 3-D ESPRIT exceeds the 3-D TLS unitary ESPRIT estimator by 300% in RMSE performance.
Comparison of Patterns of Psychopathology in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty Patients versus Functional Rhinoplasty Patients

Objectives To determine whether candidates for aesthetic rhinoplasty show more severe symptoms of psychopathology in comparison with functional rhinoplasty patients. Study Design Case-control study. Aesthetic rhinoplasty candidates were taken as cases and functional rhinoplasty patients comprised the control group. Setting A surgical center for rhinoplasty. Subjects and Methods Forty-two patients seeking either aesthetic rhinoplasty (n = 21) or functional rhinoplasty (n = 21) were included in this study in winter 2012 using a convenience sampling method. All patients were asked to complete the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) preoperatively. An independent t test was performed for each subscale of the instrument. Cohen’s d was calculated as a measure of effect size. Pearson’s correlation was also performed between the subscales. Results Independent t test verified that aesthetic rhinoplasty patients scored significantly higher in 8 subscales of the SCL-90-R in comparison with functional rhinoplasty patients as control group. Aesthetic rhinoplasty seekers showed more severe symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder (P < .01), depression (P < .01), interpersonal problems (P < .01), psychoticism (P < .05), paranoia (P < .05), hostility (P < .05), phobia (P < .01), and general psychopathology (P < .01). All subscales were correlated strongly in the current sample. Conclusion This study demonstrated that a sample of patients seeking aesthetic rhinoplasty had higher symptoms in various components of psychopathology compared with a control group. Therefore, preoperative psychological screening of aesthetic rhinoplasty candidates may be useful.