Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Natural History of Repetition

The purpose of this study was to understand typically developing children’s repetitive behavior in a free-play, daycare setting. By studying repetition in a non-Montessori setting, we tested the assumption that repetition is a characteristic behavior of all young children and not limited to the Montessori environment. Although Maria Montessori identified repetition during her observations, there is little empirical evidence to support her claim: most research has considered repetition in terms of psychopathology. We collected naturalistic observational data on 31 3- to 6-year-old children for a total of 101 hours to investigate the frequency, contexts, and structure of repetitive bouts. Multilevel model results suggest the ubiquity of repetition, as all children in the study engaged in motor repetition. Furthermore, repetition occurred throughout all free-play activities (construction, animation, fantasy play, rough-and-tumble play, and undirected activity), although repetition was not equally distributed across activities. Motor repetition was not equal across ages either; younger children engaged in more motor repetition than did older children. To understand the structure of repetition, our study also looked at the length of repetition bouts, which ranged from 2 to 19 repetitions and averaged 2.86 repetitions per bout. This natural history of repetition is an influential starting point for understanding the role of repetition in development and is informative to both Montessori and non-Montessori early childhood educators.
Multiphase Gas and the Fractal Nature of Radiative Turbulent Mixing Layers

A common situation in galactic and intergalactic gas involves cold dense gas in motion relative to hot diffuse gas. Kelvin–Helmholtz instability creates a turbulent mixing layer and populates the intermediate-temperature phase, which often cools rapidly. The energy lost to cooling is balanced by the advection of hot high enthalpy gas into the mixing layer, resulting in growth and acceleration of the cold phase. This process may play a major role in determining the interstellar medium and circumgalactic medium phase structure, and accelerating cold gas in galactic winds and cosmic filaments. Cooling in these mixing layers occurs in a thin corrugated sheet, which we argue has an area with fractal dimension D = 5/2 and a thickness that adjusts to match the hot phase mixing time to the cooling time. These cooling sheet properties form the basis of a new model for how the cooling rate and hot gas inflow velocity depend on the size L, cooling time of the mixed phase , relative velocity , and density contrast of the system. Entrainment is expected to be enhanced in environments with short , large , and large . Using a large suite of three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, we demonstrate that this fractal cooling layer model accurately captures the energetics and evolution of turbulent interfaces and can therefore be used as a foundation for understanding multiphase mixing with strong radiative cooling.
Dirac Equation as a Bridge to the Gravitational Interaction of Antimatter: Antimatter Gravity and Charge Asymmetry

We show that, because the Dirac equation describes both matter as well as anti-matter composed of the same kind of particle simultaneously, it can be used as a "bridge" toward the description of gravitational interaction of antimatter. We find a symmetry, on the level of the gravitationally coupled Lagrangian, connecting the gravitational interaction terms for particles to those for antiparticles. As a result, we find that, on the level of canonical gravity, there is no room for a deviation of the gravitational interactions of matter to those of antimatter. A natural question arises: Given these observations, how do we interpret upcoming gravitational experiments with anti-matter? We find that a very attractive possibility to reinterpret the tests consists in a connection to a potential charge excess in either matter or anti-matter, a hypothesis discussed by Einstein in 1924 and by Lyttleton and Bondi in [Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A 252, pp. 313-333 (1959)]. A gravitational test of antimatter is shown to drastically limit the available parameter space for charge excess in the combined matter-antimatter system. This is because the charge excess in either hydrogen or anti-hydrogen, interacting with a potential excess charge of the entire Earth, is being compared to the gravitational force.
Industry-Finance Integration and Corporate Innovation

This article takes China’s A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2017 as a sample to study the relationship between industry-finance integration and corporate innovation, and discusses the differential impact of industry-finance integration on corporate innovation under different agency costs and financing constraints. In addition, in order to clarify the path that the combination of industry and finance affects corporate innovation, this article further explores the mechanism of the combination of industry and finance on corporate innovation. The study found that at this stage, the integration of domestic and domestic financing has a significant “crowding out” effect on corporate innovation, and this “crowding out” effect is even more pronounced in companies with higher agency costs and greater financing constraints. After controlling for endogeneity and performing a robustness test, the conclusion still holds. Further mechanism inspections have shown that the combination of production and finance increases the business risk of the enterprise, which in turn crowds out innovation. The above research conclusions show that at the current stage, the combination of industry and finance of listed companies in China has not effectively achieved the long-term strategic goals of the enterprise, but has increased the business risk of the enterprise, inhibited the innovation investment of the enterprise, and caused the real economy to face a situation of “depreciation to reality” threat. This article provides micro-level evidence for China’s domestic financial integration practice, and has certain reference significance for how regulatory authorities can guide the integration of industry and financial integration and how Chinese enterprises can prevent and control financial risks. The main contribution of this article is to combine the institutional background of China’s economic transformation and consider the differences between the internal and external environments facing different companies. The empirical analysis tests the relationship between the combination of industry and finance and corporate innovation. In addition, the role of this relationship is further studied from the perspective of operational risk, which provides a certain decision-making reference for Chinese enterprises on how to improve the effectiveness of the combination of industry and finance.
Smart Home Meter Profiler with Load Authentication, Shock Protection, Fault Proof and Restricted Demand Management

In this paper, we have designed and installed a shock or fault protection system for a single-phase home electrical system using Circuit Breaker (CB) devices available on the market, bearing in mind that certain product areas do not provide shock protection to consumers. Our novel Smart Meter Circuit Breaker (SMCB) is designed to achieve a fail-proof shock protection system architecture that could be incorporated into existing Smart Meters (SM) within a Device Level Load Meter (DLLM). We also illustrate how a colonized and alienated appliance Authentication Outlet (AO) system could be used advantageously for a shock or fault protection system and for our novel Restricted Demand Management system with the help of a distinctive load signature alienated appliance AO. Our Restricted Demand Management system could be used together with the Scheduler Demand Management system already on the market. Finally, this paper shows how our SMCB for an alienated appliance AO detection system for a single-phase home system was simulated, built and tested. The proposed home layout and the Restricted Demand Management System are simple to program and implement and help to reduce energy bills as only particular appliances are allowed to operate at certain times during the day and night. The system also restricts some hazard risk appliances from being used at other outlets. Our proposed system is completely hazard, fault and shockproof for a single phase home electrical system.
Lysosome Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs) for the Degradation of Secreted and Membrane Proteins

Targeted protein degradation is a powerful strategy to address the canonically undruggable proteome. However, current technologies are limited to targets with cytosolically-accessible and ligandable domains. Here, we designed and synthesized conjugates capable of binding both a cell surface lysosome targeting receptor and the extracellular domain of a target protein. These lysosome targeting chimeras (LYTACs) consist of an antibody fused to agonist glycopeptide ligands for the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR). LYTACs enabled a CRISPRi knockdown screen revealing the biochemical pathway for CI-M6PR-mediated cargo internalization. We demonstrated that LYTACs mediate efficient degradation of Apolipoprotein-E4, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD71, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). LYTACs represent a modular strategy for directing secreted and membrane proteins for degradation in the context of both basic research and therapy.
Chua's diode and strange attractor: a three-layer hardware-software co-design for medical image confidentiality

Medical image security relies upon the arrival of improved techniques for enhancing the confusion as well as diffusion processes in the pixel level manipulations. Non-linear circuits constructed with hardware components can be employed for hardware–software co-design in medical image encryption. The proposed approach has adopted Chua diode circuit for the generation of 256 × 256 random synthetic image with the entropy of 7.9972. This synthetic image has been utilised to scramble the DICOM image for the second level of diffusion as the cellular automata provides the first level of scrambling and diffusion. The average correlation coefficients of encrypted pixels are 0.00204, −0.00298 and −0.00054 in three directions. The encrypted pixels pass the NIST SP 800-22 test suite and offer resistance to statistical, differential and chosen plain text attacks.
Gully Head-Cut Distribution Modeling Using Machine Learning Methods—A Case Study of N.W. Iran

To more effectively prevent and manage the scourge of gully erosion in arid and semi-arid regions, we present a novel-ensemble intelligence approach—bagging-based alternating decision-tree classifier (bagging-ADTree)—and use it to model a landscape’s susceptibility to gully erosion based on 18 gully-erosion conditioning factors. The model’s goodness-of-fit and prediction performance are compared to three other machine learning algorithms (single alternating decision tree, rotational-forest-based alternating decision tree (RF-ADTree), and benchmark logistic regression). To achieve this, a gully-erosion inventory was created for the study area, the Chah Mousi watershed, Iran by combining archival records containing reports of gully erosion, remotely sensed data from Google Earth, and geolocated sites of gully head-cuts gathered in a field survey. A total of 119 gully head-cuts were identified and mapped. To train the models’ analysis and prediction capabilities, 83 head-cuts (70% of the total) and the corresponding measures of the conditioning factors were input into each model. The results from the models were validated using the data pertaining to the remaining 36 gully locations (30%). Next, the frequency ratio is used to identify which conditioning-factor classes have the strongest correlation with gully erosion. Using random-forest modeling, the relative importance of each of the conditioning factors was determined. Based on the random-forest results, the top eight factors in this study area are distance-to-road, drainage density, distance-to-stream, LU/LC, annual precipitation, topographic wetness index, NDVI, and elevation. Finally, based on goodness-of-fit and AUROC of the success rate curve (SRC) and prediction rate curve (PRC), the results indicate that the bagging-ADTree ensemble model had the best performance, with SRC (0.964) and PRC (0.978). RF-ADTree (SRC = 0.952 and PRC = 0.971), ADTree (SRC = 0.926 and PRC = 0.965), and LR (SRC = 0.867 and PRC = 0.870) were the subsequent best performers. The results also indicate that bagging and RF, as meta-classifiers, improved the performance of the ADTree model as a base classifier. The bagging-ADTree model’s results indicate that 24.28% of the study area is classified as having high and very high susceptibility to gully erosion. The new ensemble model accurately identified the areas that are susceptible to gully erosion based on the past patterns of formation, but it also provides highly accurate predictions of future gully development. The novel ensemble method introduced in this research is recommended for use to evaluate the patterns of gullying in arid and semi-arid environments and can effectively identify the most salient conditioning factors that promote the development and expansion of gullies in erosion-susceptible environments.
The Effect of Digital Content Marketing on Tourists’ Purchase Intention

The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of digital contents on tourists’ purchase intention using the persuasion knowledge model. For this purpose, data were collected by purpose sampling method between 25 December 2018 and 31 January 2019 with the approval of Bartin University Social and Humanities Ethics Committee. The obtained 105 data were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that there were significant positive relationships between tourists’ purchase intention, eWOM and suspicion sub-dimensions (reliability, disbelief). While the reliability of the subdimensions of the suspicion scale influenced eWOM and tourists’ purchase intention, it did not appear to have an impact on persuasive information. In addition to the negative correlation between persuasion and suspicion sub-dimensions, it was found that the sub-dimensions of suspicion did not affect persuasion.
Prevalence and Correlates of Sexual Harassment in Australian Adolescents

ABSTRACT The aims of the current study were to provide the first Australian prevalence estimates of sexual harassment in adolescents, explore gender differences in form and frequency of harassment, and investigate demographic and weight status correlates. A total of 4098 adolescents (47.3% boys), aged 11 to 19 years from government and non-government secondary schools completed demographic questions, self-reported weight and height, and a modified Association of American University Women Sexual Harassment Survey. Overall, 42.5% of boys and 40.0% of girls reported some forms of sexual harassment in the previous school term. A significant gender difference was found in overall frequency of sexual harassment but not in prevalence. Six of the nine forms of sexual harassment were more likely and more frequently to have been experienced by boys compared to girls. In conclusion, sexual harassment is a pervasive problem in Australian high schools and needs to be acknowledged and dealt with specifically.
Zapotec Language Activism and Talking Dictionaries

Online dictionaries have become a key tool for some indigenous communities to promote and preserve their languages, often in collaboration with linguists. They can provide a pathway for crossing the digital divide and for establishing a first-ever presence on the internet. Many questions around digital lexicography have been explored, although primarily in relation to large and well-resourced languages. Lexical projects on small and under-resourced languages can provide an opportunity to examine these questions from a different perspective and to raise new questions (Mosel, 2011). In this paper, linguists, technical experts, and Zapotec language activists, who have worked together in Mexico and the United States to create a multimedia platform to showcase and preserve lexical, cultural, and environmental knowledge, share their experience and insight in creating trilingual online Talking Dictionaries in several Zapotec languages. These dictionaries sit opposite from big data mining and illustrate the value of dictionary projects based on small corpora, including having the flexibility to make design decisions to maximize community impact and elevate the status of marginalized languages.
Stealing Thunder in Negative Political Advertising: The Persuasive Impact of One-sided and Two-sided Negative Messages on Partisan Individuals

Although two-sided persuasion is a common technique in political speeches, few research has reported the relative persuasiveness of a one-versus two-sided message in the context of negative political advertising. Participants (N = 116) viewed a negative political ad, varying in message sidedness (one-sided vs. two-sided) and partisan match (partisan-match vs. partisan-mismatch vs. unaffiliated). Multivariate results revealed the relative advantage of two-sided persuasion in the partisan-match condition where participants viewed a negative ad targeting their supporting party candidate. One-sided persuasion was more effective in the partisan-mismatch condition where participants viewed a negative ad criticizing the opposition party candidate. Implications for the practice of strategic negative political campaigns were discussed.
Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-1 in patients with arterial hypertension after acute stroke

Aim of the study was to investigate the predictive value of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-1 level for recurrent cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients after acute ischemic stroke. 60 S. A. Medvedkova and O. A. Lisovaya Methods: 102 post-discharged patients with arterial hypertension after acute ischemic stroke were included in the study. Follow-up was 12 months. The circulating peak VEGF-1 level was assessed at baseline. Clinical interviews were conducted every 3 months for 1 year after receiving blood samples. Results: We found that circulating VEGF-1 levels in patients with one, two, three and more recurrent cardiovascular events were 373.80 pg/ml (95% CI=342.90-479.70 pg/ml), 539.96 pg/ml (95% CI=444.28-865.56 pg/ml) and 724.66 pg/ml (95% CI=558.72-890.66 pg/ml) respectively. Peak VEGF-1 level for these subjects were significantly higher than patients of free events (Ме=289.28 pg/ml; 95% CI=279.71-345.88 pg/ml) (P=0.001). The most optimal cutoff-point of circulating peak VEGF-1 in hypertensive patients was 403.57 pg / ml (sensitivity and specificity were 78.6% and 70.0%). Area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.76 (95% CI=0.602-0.917; P=0.001). Kaplan-Meier curves revealed an accumulation of cardiovascular events was superior in patients with peak VEGF-1 level more 403.57 pg / ml when compared with subjects with VEGF-1 level less this cutoff point (P=0.001). In conclusion, we found that peak vascular endothelial growth factor-1 level was an independent predictor of one-year cumulative cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients after ischemic stroke.
Correcting NLOS by 3D LiDAR and building height to improve GNSS single point positioning

We present a novel method to detect the GNSS NLOS and correct the NLOS pseudorange measurements based on on ‐ board sensing. This paper demonstrates the use of LiDAR scanner and a list of building heights to describe the perceived environment. To estimate the geometry and pose of the top edges of buildings (TEBs) relative to the GNSS receiver, a surface segmentation method is employed to detect the TEBs of surrounding buildings using 3D LiDAR point clouds. The top edges of the building are extracted and extended using the building height list in Skyplot to identify the NLOS ‐ affected ones. Innovatively, the NLOS delay in pseudorange is corrected based on the detected TEBs. Weighted least squares (WLS) is used to cooperate the corrected NLOS and other pseudorange measurements. Vehicle experiments are conducted in two different urban canyons to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving GNSS single point positioning (SPP) accuracy.
Conducting Privacy-Sensitive Surveys: A Case Study of Civil Society Organizations

Compared to other organizations, civil society organizations (CSOs) often operate in elevated-risk contexts, and attacks against them carry much greater ramifications, including threats to freedom of expression, liberty, and life. We aim to capture the factors that affect the attitudes and intentions of CSO employees to engage in security and privacy behaviors by using a survey-based study to collect data about employees working at US-based civil society groups. In this paper, we describe the steps that we take to minimize risks to the respondents, such as employing a privacy-centric survey design, anonymity-preserving incentive strategies, and recruitment that does not reveal any identities. We hope that our experiences will inform and assist researchers and practitioners working on protective technologies for vulnerable populations.
Schooling Decisions in Indonesia: a Lesson From Indonesian Crisis

This research aims to analyze the role of income shocks, gender, and resource competition between siblings against the school's decision at the level of primary and senior secondary education during the economic crisis in Indonesia. Methods in this research were conducted in two phases, fixed effect and conditional logit. Results reveal that no evidence of households' transitory income affected children's education level, both for primary and senior secondary education. Meanwhile, compared to boys, girls have a higher probability of dropping out of school and have lower school enrollment rates in primary education. This paper indicated the existence of resource competition between the younger child and the older child for education, especially for senior secondary education. JEL Classification : I20, I24, I25, J16 How to Cite: Kharisma, B. , Hadiyanto, F. , & Remi, S. S. (2020). Schooling Decision in Indonesia: a Lesson From Indonesian Crisis. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi , Vol. 9(1), 81-92. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.15408/sjie.v9i1. 12479.
Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria from the Gut of Blue Gourami (Trichogaster tricopters) and its Role on Growth

Five variant groups were isolated from the gut of Blue gourami Trichogaster tricopterus through serial dilution, identified by using biochemical tests and bacteria were Bacillus sp. , (G1) Pseudomonas sp. , (G2) Enterobacter sp. , (G3) Aeromonas sp. , (G4) and Escherichia sp. , (G5). Based on enzymatic productivity (Amylase, Cellulase, Lipase, and Protease) and antimicrobial activity Bacillus sp. , Enterobacter sp. , and Aeromonas sp. , and mass multiplied using nutrient broth. Four different feeds such as feed I (Control), II (1ml Bacillus sp.,) III (1ml each of Bacillus sp. and Enterobacter sp.) and IV (1ml each of Bacillus sp., Enterobacter sp. and Aeromonas sp.,) were prepared. Feed utilization parameters of blue gourami Trichogaster tricopterus were studied after 21 days of rearing and all feed utilization parameters were higher in feed IV.