Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Australian clinical guidelines for early psychosis second edition

In the decade since the first edition of the Australian Clinical Guidelines for Early Psychosis new clinical research has strengthened the evidence-base for interventions, as well as raising new issues to explore. This new edition of the guidelines, based on the first but appropriately reflecting these developments, provides an overview of the most up-to-date clinical research in early psychosis which outlines best practice principles in the provision of services to young people experiencing the early stages of a psychotic disorder. The updated edition also includes guidelines for identifying and treating (where appropriate) those young people who may be at ‘ultra high risk’ of developing psychosis, within the broader context of the clinical staging model. The format of the guidelines follows the course of service engagement; that is from access to assessment and treatment. Some of the guidelines are specific to phase of illness and these are presented first. The scope of these phase-specific guidelines includes the group identified as at risk of psychosis, through to the acute, early recovery, relapse, and late/problematic recovery and discharge phases.
C L ] 1 4 D ec 2 01 5 Controlled Experiments for Word Embeddings

An experimental approach to studying the properties of word embeddings is proposed. Controlled experiments, achieved through modifications of the training corpus, permit the demonstration of direct relations between word propert ies and word vector direction and length. The approach is demonstrated using the word 2vec CBOW model with experiments that independently vary word frequency an d word co-occurrence noise. The experiments reveal that word vector length depen ds more or less linearly on both word frequency and the level of noise in the co-occurr ence distribution of the word. The coefficients of linearity depend upon the word. The sp cial point in feature space, defined by the (artificial) word with pure noise in its c o-o currence distribution, is found to be small but non-zero.
of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society Title Effects of Problem Format in Arithmetic : ‘ 3 + 9 ’ versus ‘ three + nine ’ versus ‘ thrie + nyne ’ Permalink

We explored the impact of operand format (digit, word, pseudo-homophone) on single-digit addition and multiplication. Format manipulations are of theoretical interest because models of arithmetic knowledge differ with respect to predicted format effects. Latencies were shortest when operands were digits, and longest when they were pseudo-homophones. However, there was also an interaction of problem size with format: problem size effects were smaller in the pseudo-homophone condition relative to the digit condition, and were larger in the word format condition relative to the digit condition. We discuss our results with respect to the following question: Can this interaction be attributed (solely) to an encoding phase of processing, or might it (also) arise from a solution phase?
Jupiter rising

We present our approach for overcoming the cost, operational complexity, and limited scale endemic to datacenter networks a decade ago. Three themes unify the five generations of datacenter networks detailed in this paper. First, multi-stage Clos topologies built from commodity switch silicon can support cost-effective deployment of building-scale networks. Second, much of the general, but complex, decentralized network routing and management protocols supporting arbitrary deployment scenarios were overkill for single-operator, pre-planned datacenter networks. We built a centralized control mechanism based on a global configuration pushed to all datacenter switches. Third, modular hardware design coupled with simple, robust software allowed our design to also support inter-cluster and wide-area networks. Our datacenter networks run at dozens of sites across the planet, scaling in capacity by 100x over 10 years to more than 1 Pbps of bisection bandwidth. A more detailed version of this paper is available at Ref.
Noisy Problem on Discrete Linear Consensus Protocol in Networked Multi-agent Systems

In recent years, the consensus problem is well recognized as a fundamental problem in the cooperation control of multi-agent systems, we study the noise problem of the linear consensus protocol in networked multi-agent systems, and point out that the noise in discrete linear consensus protocol is uncontrollable. A strategy using noise suppression operator to control the noise is put forward, and inference about the reasonable value range of the noise suppression operator is vigorously proved, and sufficient conditions for noise controllable are further presented.
BSc in Psychology Stress, anxiety, depression and social constraints in parents of children with autism

The present study examined parenting stress, anxiety and depression among Icelandic parents of children with autism. In addition, the study examined if having a child with behavior problems and feelings of constraints when talking about the child would be associated with higher parenting stress, anxiety and depression levels. Parents (N=187) of children, 12 years or younger, with autism spectrum disorder completed an online questionnaire. The majority of participants were females (82.9%) and married (56.2%). The findings indicated that parenting stress was high with 79% of parents reporting stress levels within the clinical range. Although the majority of parents reported anxiety and depression within the normal range, 15% and 20% reported severe or extremely severe anxiety and depression respectively. Multiple regression analyses showed that having a child with behavior problems and feelings of constraints when talking about the child to spouse or family and friends was associated with higher levels of parental stress, anxiety, and depression. The results indicate the need to provide parents of children with autism with training and support to manage their child’s behavior problems, access to an intervention to reduce their stress, anxiety and depression levels and help them to talk about their child with autism.
WORKING PAPER SERIES 2005 Merger Control in Differentiated Product Industries

Thresholds defined on the level and change in the HHI (HerfindahlHirschmann Index) applied to market shares seem to be the main instrument to select notified mergers for investigation in both the EU and US. We question the use of such a selection rule in differentiated products industries. We propose the use of a structural approach to apply HHI thresholds based on profit shares rather than market shares. We illustrate our point using product data for Retail Carbonated Soft Drinks (Price, Market Share and Characteristics). We estimate company (product) mark-ups consistent with a structural model of equilibrium, using demand primitives from a Nested Logit model and a Random Coefficient model. We provide an example where the HHI thresholds based on profit shares identify potentially damaging mergers not captured by applying thresholds to output shares, or conversely, identify mergers of no concern that would be selected on the basis of output shares.
FACULTY PERSPECTIVE OF A CONTEMPORARY AUDITING CURRICULUM

This paper presents the results of a survey sent to 276 auditing faculty affiliated with AACSB accredited schools of business. The survey instrument asked the faculty respondents to indicate the relative importance of sixty-three auditing topics found in introductory auditing curriculum. To facilitate discussion, individual auditing topics were assigned to topical categories and category means were computed along with a grand mean. The survey extends the work of Engle and Elam [1985], Bryan and Smith [1997], and Ulrich et al. [2003] to encompass auditing curricular changes needed to comply with the Sarbanes Oxley (SOX) legislation enacted in 2002. Given that the American Accounting Association Audit Section Committee’s (2003) analysis of syllabi found that the undergraduate auditing course content was highly dependent on textbook topics, this research asks auditing educators for their perceptions of the importance of sixty-three auditing topics typically covered in an undergraduate auditing course. Nine topics relate specifically to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Faculty may use these results to assist in the development and modification of their course content in response to changes in demands of the contemporary workplace, especially changes resulting from the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Interactive comment on “ Kinetic model framework for aerosol and cloud surface chemistry and gas-particle interactions : Part 1 – general equations , parameters , and terminology ” by U . Pöschl

We would like to thank Markku Kulmala for his constructive comments and suggestions, which are highly appreciated and will be taken into account upon manuscript revision, together with the earlier comments and suggestions from Referee #1, Dr. Remorov, and Dr. Sander (overview of interactive discussion and comments on Pöschl et al., 2005a: http://www.cosis.net/members/journals/df/article.php? a_id=1863&).
CYP 1 A 1 m 2 polymorphisms regulate estrogen and interleukin-6 in lung cancer

lung cancer, the most common cause of cancerrelated death in men and women, is responsible for 1.3 million deaths worldwide annually. Women are diagnosed to a greater extent than men with adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma, both of which are secretory-type tumors. never smokers diagnosed with lung cancer are also predominantly female, demonstrating the association of genetic factors with lung carcinogenesis. Several epidemiologic studies have associates certain CYP1A1 genotypes, alone or in combination, with an increased risk of estrogen-related cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the cYP and GST polymorphisms along with estrogen and interleukin-6 (il-6) levels on the risk of lung cancer. eighty-six lung cancer patients and 60 controls were included in the study. a significantly higher frequency of polymorphisms in the genes was observed in lung cancer patients compared to controls. Mean estradiol concentration was reduced and il-6 levels were elevated in patients compared to controls. in conclusion, increased polymorphisms in metabolic genes may be the reason for the reduced estradiol and, thereby, the increased expression of il-6 in the serum of lung cancer patients.
Significance of dimensionality and dynamical screening on hot carrier relaxation in bulk GaAs and quantum wells

We have found theoretically that the reduced dimensionality from bulk GaAs to quantum wells has a strong effect on hot carrier relaxations at highly excited carrier densities. The distinct density of state and the dynamical screening cause hot carriers in quantum wells to relax significantly slower than in the bulk when the carrier density is above a critical value of 2 £ 10 cm. With the random phase approximation, the dynamical screening in quantum wells appears to be much stronger than that in the bulk and as important as the hot phonon effect at high carrier densities. We also found that the dependence of the average energy-loss rates on the well width in quantum wells becomes more appreciable when Al compositions are high. q 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. PACS: 63.22. þ m; 34.80. 2 i; 78.47. þ p; 73.63 Hs
Calibrating the GSIB Surcharge

This white paper discusses how to calibrate a capital surcharge that tracks the systemic footprint of a global systemically important bank holding company (GSIB). There is no widely accepted calibration methodology for determining such a surcharge. The white paper focuses on the “expected impact” framework, which is based on each GSIB’s expected impact on the financial system, understood as the harm it would cause to the financial system were it to fail multiplied by the probability that it will fail. Because a GSIB’s failure would cause more harm than the failure of a non-GSIB, a GSIB should hold enough capital to lower its probability of failure so that its expected impact is approximately equal to that of a non-GSIB. Applying the expected impact framework requires several elements. First, it requires a method for measuring the relative harm that a given banking firm’s failure would cause to the financial system—that is, its systemic footprint. This white paper uses the two methods as set forth in the GSIB surcharge rule to quantify a firm’s systemic impact. Those methods look to attributes of a firm that are drivers of its systemic importance, such as size, interconnectedness, and cross-border activity. Both methodologies use the most recent data available, and firms’ scores will change over time as their systemic footprints change. Second, the expected impact framework requires a means of estimating the probability that a firm with a given level of capital will fail. This white paper estimates that relationship using historical data on the probability that a large U.S. banking firm will experience losses of various sizes. Third, the expected impact framework requires the choice of a “reference” bank holding company: a large, non-GSIB banking firm whose failure would not pose an outsized risk to the financial system. This white paper discusses several plausible choices of reference BHC. With these elements, it is possible to estimate a capital surcharge that would reduce a GSIB’s expected impact to that of a non-GSIB reference BHC. For each choice of reference BHC, the white paper provides the ranges of reasonable surcharges for each U.S. GSIB. iii
Evaluating Option Pricing Models-Different Ways of Modeling Time

This study evaluates three different time units in option pricing: trading time, calendar time and continuous time using discrete approximations (CTDA). The CTDA-time model partitions the trading day into 30-minute intervals, where each interval is given a weight corresponding to the historical volatility in the respective interval. Furthermore, the non-trading volatility, both overnight and weekend volatility, is included in the first interval of the trading day in the CTDA model. The three models are tested on market prices. The results indicate that the trading-time model gives the best fit to market prices in line with the results of previous studies, but contrary to expectations under non-arbitrage option pricing. Under non-arbitrage pricing, the option premium should reflect the cost of hedging the expected volatility during the option’s remaining life. The study concludes that the historical patterns in volatility are not fully accounted for by the market, rather the market prices options closer to trading time.
SOME COMMON AND NOT SO COMMON APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF COLLEGE ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR EFFECTS

ABSTRACT This paper presents an analysis of some of the theoretical and methodological frameworks employed in the study of college environments and their effects on students. Generally, analysts only view the college environment from one point of view that of the overall college environment. However, a variety of approaches is needed in order to accurately describe an environment with subenvironments that more often than not affect students more than the overall environment. Analysts are interested in the effects of college on students in 3 major areas: (1) student change, (2) student stability, and (3) student outcome. The following general approaches have been used to describe, measure, and classify colleges and their environments; (1) anthropological vignettes; (2) conventional (nominal) typologies; (3) attributes of members; (4) demographic, near-demographic, physical, and related institutional characteristics; (5) social structural and social organizational dimensions; and (6) "climate', of the college. The author offers a developmental model that incorporates several of these approaches.
Correlation and genetic diversity of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes based on principal component analysis in Mid-Hills of North-West Himalayas

Sixteen linseed genotypes were subjected to study the correlation and genetic diversity at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, during rabi 2015-2016. Correlation coefficient revealed that seed yield had maximum genotypic and phenotypic correlation with plant height, capsules per plant and seeds per capsule so direct selection of plants based on these three would be effective to increase seed yield. Path analysis showed that plant height had maximum direct effect on seed yield per plant followed by seeds per capsule and capsules per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that five components (PC1 to PC3) accounted for about 72% of the total variation among traits in linseed genotypes. Out of total principal components retained PC1, PC2 and PC3 with values of 39.7%, 18.5% and 13.9% respectively contributed more to the total variation. The first principal component had positive loading for 7 traits out of 8 viz. days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, capsules per plant, seeds per capsule and seed yield per plant which contributed more to the diversity. The result of present study could be exploited in planning and execution of future breeding programme in linseed.
EXPLOITING APPLICATION LEVEL ERROR RESILIENCE VIA DEFERRED EXECUTION

Many programs exhibit application level error resilience which allows certain subcomputations to execute in an imprecise, yet energy efficient manner, potentially yielding significant overall energy savings without sacrificing endto-end quality. In this thesis we identify one fundamental problem that must be addressed to realize these energy benefits: even in applications with a large degree of error resilience, error resilient instructions are interleaved with instructions that must be executed precisely at a fine-grained level (about every seven instructions). This interleaving prohibits any energy savings due to the significant costs associated with switching between the modes, typically via voltage scaling, which may require hundreds to thousands of cycles to transition between levels. We propose a novel execution model for single-core architectures that reduces total switching by deferring execution of instructions requiring mode switches, thereby aggregating instructions of the same energy mode and reducing the number of mode switches. Deferred execution introduces overheads of its own due to data transfer across the two modes, and we present hardware and software optimizations to mitigate these overheads, yielding up to 9%-29% energy savings across a suite of benchmarks.
A MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC ASSESSMENT OF OXALIS

Current morphological and palynological studies have only partially resolved the taxonomic classification of Oxalis L. in South Africa. Here a molecular phylogenetic reconstruction of relationships within the large section Angustatae subsection Lineares, using plastid trnL-trnF non-coding DNA sequence data, is presented. The results of this study indicate that both section Angustatae and three of the subsections contained therein are conclusively polyphyletic. Of the remaining subsections within section Angustatae, only subsection Pardales was retrieved as being monophyletic. Subsection Lineares is shown to be polyphyletic, and the postulated relationships within the subsection are refuted. The members of subsection Lineares resolve into one weakly supported and two strongly supported clades in the phylogeny presented here.
Perturbation of Eigenvalues due to Gaps in 2-D Boundaries

Motivated by problems involving diﬀusion through small gaps, we revisit two-dimensional eigenvalue problems with localized perturbations to Neumann boundary conditions. We recover the known result that the gravest eigenvalue is O ( | ln (cid:15) | − 1 ) where (cid:15) is the ratio of the size of the hole to the length scale of the domain, and provide a simple and constructive approach for summing the inverse logarithm terms and obtaining further corrections. Comparisons with numerical solutions obtained for special geometries, both for the Dirichlet ‘patch problem’ where the perturbation to the boundary consists of a diﬀerent boundary condition and for the gap problem, conﬁrm that this approach is a simple way of obtaining an accurate value for the gravest eigenvalue, and hence the long-term outcome of the underlying diﬀusion problem.
RECIPROCITY , ALTRUISM , AND NOISE IN TRUST GAMES

Behavioral economists have come to recognize that reciprocity, the interaction of trust and trustworthiness, is a distinct and economically relevant component of individual preferences alongside selfishness and altruism. This recognition is principally due to observed decisions in experimental “trust games”. However, recent research has cast doubt on the explanatory power of trust as a determinant of those decisions, suggesting that altruism may explain much of what “looks like” trust. Moreover, empirical tests for alternative behavioral determinants can be sensitive to experimental bias due to differences in protocols and framing. Therefore, we propose discriminatory tests for altruism and trust that can be based on within-treatment and within-subject comparisons, and we control for group attributes of experimental subjects. Our results support trust (i.e. expected reciprocation) as the dominant motivation for “trust like” decisions. JEL classification: C91, D63, D64
CROSS-BORDER ACCESSIBILITY AND SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT IN PORTUGAL AND SPAIN

Cross-border Regional development is one of the EU current major concerns. These regions are usually less dynamic socio-economically and tend to be peripheral areas in each country. Some of these regions have recently benefited from new roads, which have mainly been funded through the European financial program of Transnational Transport Networks, TENT. Almost twenty years after implementation started and after initial observations on the impacts, some development problems are unexpectedly getting worse. Using socioeconomic data from the Portugal/Spain cross-border area a model able to measure the relation between accessibility and development in this region is being calibrated. This paper is an initial study on the calibration process for some Portuguese municipalities in the border area for the period 1991-2001. This initial study also prepares the setting for a more complete study covering both sides of the border, therefore including some Spanish data