Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional content and bioconversion efficiency of
 
 Hermetia illucens
 
 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): harvest as larvae or prepupae?

Most research on nutritional composition that relates to use of fly larvae as an alternative ingredient in animal feed has focused on the prepupal stage of Hermetia illucens. However, crude protein and lipid content of H. illucens larvae vary dramatically during larval development, and little evidence has been presented to support use of prepupae for animal feed. The aim of this study was to establish the nutritional value of larvae and prepupae of H. illucens reared on organic waste streams for use in animal feed. The effect of harvesting of either larvae or prepupae on waste reduction was also measured. Freshly hatched neonates (90 mg) were placed on 12 kg of mixed pre-consumer waste and held at 28°C. Moisture content, crude protein, crude lipid, ash, fibre, survival, total biomass, individual larval biomass, waste reduction and bioconversion on a dry matter basis were determined and compared between larvae harvested on Day 15 and prepupae harvested on Day 20. Prepupae had higher fibre content than larvae, while moisture content, crude protein, crude lipid and ash did not differ between the two groups. Total biomass was higher in larvae than in prepupae due to mortality between the two stages. Size of individual larvae was very similar between the two groups. In terms of nutritional content or biomass production, it is not detrimental to harvest larvae early or to harvest a mixture of larvae and prepupae or prepupae only. However, harvesting later, when larvae have become prepupae, would lead to a reduction in potential harvest and total biomass output, especially as survival declines over time. Bioconversion and waste reduction did not differ between Day 15 and Day 20, indicating that nutrient recovery from waste was not improved by harvesting at the prepupal stage.
Isotropic Source Components of Events in the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence

We investigate the non‐double‐couple components of 224 M ≥ 3.0 earthquakes in the 2019 Mw7.1 Ridgecrest sequence, which occurred on a complex fault system in the Eastern California Shear Zone. Full moment tensors are derived using waveform data from near‐fault and regional stations with a generalized cut‐and‐paste inversion and 3‐D velocity and attenuation models. The results show limited Compensated Linear Vector Dipole components, but considerable explosive isotropic components (5%–15% of the total moments) for approximately 50 earthquakes. Most of these events occur between the Mw6.4 foreshock and 1 day after the Mw7.1 mainshock and are mainly distributed around the rupture ends and fault intersections. The percentage of isotropic components is reduced considerably when data recorded by near‐fault stations are not included in the inversions, highlighting the importance of near‐fault data. The results suggest that high‐frequency damage‐related radiation and other local dilatational processes are responsible for the observed isotropic source terms.
Sexual health and behaviors in the COVID-19 pandemic era: a systematic review protocol

Background: Sexual health as an essential component of life, has been affected by COVID-19 pandemic. Changing in sexual life has consequences for couples and society. A critical review of current literature on sexual function in general populations will shed light on possible determinants as well as at-risk groups. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to assess the consequences of COVID-19 on sexual and reproductive health. Methods/Design: A systematic review of literature on data reporting changings of individuals’ sexual life during the COVID-19 pandemic will be performed. The scientific databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, the World Health Organization, as well as protocols and guideline related to sexual health, behaviors, function and practices will be systematically searched from the onset of the disease in the world until August 15, 2021. We will consider, appraise, and synthesize studies including the change of sexual function and behaviour (physical, emotional, mental and relational health), SRH-care and services (contraception, birth control, STIs management), and sexual rights (gender-based and sexual minorities violence). Screening of search results and extraction of data from included studies will be conducted cooperatively by two authors. The quality of the studies will be appraised and documented. Results will be compiled and presented in evidence tables. Risk of bias (the quality assessment) will be evaluated by two review authors using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. This protocol has been conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Also, this protocol is registered in PROSPERO with number CRD42021275387.Discussion: Given the potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the people’s sexual life and reproductive health, this review aims to provide accurate information on different aspects of sexual function and behavior in populations from various age groups, cultures, and sexual orientations sexual health and reproductive care delivery (contraception, and birth control, SDTs management) and sexual rights (gender-based and sexual minority, sexual violence) to provide a better understanding of COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on people’s sexual lives The findings could be used by health planners and health care providers to address the adverse effects of this period on reproductive health and sexual lives. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021275387
Determinants of foreign direct investment inflow to the agricultural sector: a panel-data analysis

PurposeForeign Direct Investment (FDI) is an important means of boosting the agricultural sectors of developing economies. The first necessary step to formulate effective public policies to encourage agricultural FDI inflow to a host country is to develop a comprehensive understanding of the main determinants of FDI inflow to the agricultural sector, which is the main objective of the present study.Design/methodology/approachIn view of this, we take a comprehensive approach to exploring the macroeconomic and institutional determinants of FDI inflow to the agricultural sector by examining a large panel data set on agricultural FDI inflows of 37 countries, investigating both groups of developed and developing countries, incorporating a large list of potentially relevant macroeconomic and institutional variables, and applying panel-data econometric models and estimation structures, including pooled, fixed-effects and random-effects regression models.FindingsThe general pattern of our findings implies that the degree of openness of an economy has a negative effect on FDI inflows to agricultural sectors, suggesting that the higher the degree of openness in an economy, the lower the level of agricultural protection against foreign trade and imports, and thus the less incentive for FDI to inflow to the agricultural sector of the economy. Additionally, our results show that economic growth (as an indicator of the rate of market-size growth in the host economy) and per-capita real GDP (as an indicator of the standard of living in the host country) are both positively related to FDI inflows to agricultural sectors. Our other results suggest that agricultural FDI tends to flow more to developing countries in general and more to those with higher standards of living and income levels in particular.Originality/valueFDI inflow has not received much attention with respect to the identification of its main determinants in the context of agricultural sectors. Additionally, there are very few panel-data studies on the determinants of FDI, and even more surprisingly, there are no such studies on the main determinants of FDI inflow to the agricultural sector. We have taken a comprehensive approach by studying FDI inflow variations across countries as well as over time.
Computer-Aided Hierarchical Interactive Gesture Modeling Under Virtual Reality Environment

The first mock exam is based on the interaction gesture in virtual reality. There are many different types of interaction gestures. In this paper, a dynamic visual gesture interaction method suitable for desktop VR is designed with the help of computational assistant tools and gesture recognition method. Through the interactive experimental analysis of the visualization system, the designed dynamic gesture interaction method works well in the immersive visualization system, provides users with a high sense of immersion and helps users understand the data more effectively. In addition, aiming at the shortcomings of leap motion gesture tracking in desktop VR, we use computer vision technology and deep learning gesture recognition method to propose a strategy. By calculating the self-occlusion degree of hand images captured by deep camera, we recognize simple gestures with low self-occlusion degree by fast model-based method, the complex gesture image uses the trained convolution neural network for joint point recognition, which not only ensures the recognition accuracy, but also improves the problem of low frame number when the deep learning method is applied to VR. Finally, the superiority and reliability of computer-aided hierarchical interactive gesture modeling for virtual reality are verified by experiments.
Transient and steady-state analysis of hybrid arrivals of single and batch customers queueing systems with switch-off period

Abstract In this paper, we analyze the transient behavior of a novel single server queueing system with hybrid arrivals of single and state-dependent batch of customers. Whenever the system becomes empty the server undergoes the switch-off state for random duration of time. Explicit expressions for transient probabilities of the status of the server and system size are obtained. In addition, the first-passage-time probability density function is determined along with its first two moments. We have also derived analytical results for time-dependent performance measures of the system. Further, under stability condition, the corresponding steady-state probabilities and key performance measures of the system are also discussed. Finally, we have provided extensive numerical illustrations to visualize the behaviors of system performance measures graphically by varying the values of system parameters.
Multichannel Neighbor Discovery in Bluetooth Low Energy Networks: Modeling and Performance Analysis

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become one of the enabling wireless technologies to facilitate the Internet of Things. Neighbor discovery is critical in BLE communications. BLE uses multiple (three) channels in neighbor discovery. It is challenging to achieve low-latency and low-energy-consumption BLE neighbor discovery due to the lack of analytical models for multichannel neighbor discovery. In this paper, we study BLE multichannel neighbor discovery for two advertising modes specified by BLE: periodic deterministic advertising (PDA) and pseudo-random delay advertising (RDA). We build two generic models, BLE 3-Circle model and BLE 1-Circle model, for characterizing BLE multichannel neighbor discovery. For PDA mode, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for BLE multichannel neighbor discovery, and provide a guideline for parameter setting. With the guideline, we derive the expected discovery latency in closed form, and demonstrate that the expected discovery latency is very close to a theoretical lower bound. For RDA mode, we build an analytical model based on Markov chain to accurately compute the expected discovery latency. Simulation and experimental results show accuracy of our analytical works. Interestingly, our parameter setting guideline works well for both PDA and RDA modes.
Economic complexity and embedding of regional economies’ structures

The research focuses on the development of localized specialization and economic diversification theories. Our task is forecasting of the emergence of new strong sectors in the region. On the basis of probabilistic and statistical modeling the model which allows estimating the probability of appearing a new strong sector in the region taking into account characteristics of economic structure is constructed. The possibility of building such a model is based on the assumption that the emergence and development of sectors is largely determined by the evolution of past economic activity. The model uses the indicators of embedding structures of the strong sectors in the regional economies is introduced by the authors. These indicators are based on the probabilistic interpretation and properties of the elements of the matrix, by which economic complexity is estimated following the traditional approach. The probability of originating a strong sector in the structure for each region is estimated. Based on sorting the sectors according to the value of these probabilities and assessments of their potential contribution to socio-economic development expert assessment of the feasibility of developing a new strong sector in the region can be made. The results show that sectors’ introduction and generation in the regional economy is largely due to the evolution of the past economic activity.
Agreement between the Heart Rate Variability Threshold and Ventilatory Threshold in Young Women: Impact of Cardiac Parasympathetic Status and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

ABSTRACT The heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) is a useful and inexpensive alternative to estimate the ventilatory threshold (VT). However, its validity in women remains underexplored. We investigated the agreement between HRVT and VT in young women and the influence of cardiac parasympathetic status and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Sixty-one women [Age: 24.5 ± 4.6 years, BMI: 23.4 ± 2.6 kg/m2, O2max: 36.6 ± 6.1 (mL (kg.min)−1)] underwent a maximal exercise test on a treadmill. We assessed HRVT using four methods: HRVTvisual, HRVTDmax, HRVT3ms, HRVT1ms. Low bias and limits of agreement were observed between VT and HRVTvisual [−. 1 (−1.5. 1.3) km/h] and HRVTDmax [−. 1 (−1.6, 1.4) km/h] methods. Higher limits of agreement were observed for HRVT3ms [. 1 (−2.1, 2.1) km/h] and HRVT1ms [. 4 (−1.8, 2.7) km/h]. In conclusion, acceptable agreement was observed between VT and HRVT in women, mainly when visual and Dmax methods were used for HRVT assessment.
Putting the Social in Systems Engineering: An Overview and Conceptual Development

Expanding the capacity of systems engineering to include evaluating and designing social systems is a desired goal as stated in the INCOSE SE Vision 2025. Systems engineering applications in sociotechnical contexts, from management and organizational to learning and education studies is already documented. There is room for adaptability in systems engineering methodology to accommodate a further reach into the social domain. The growing interest in this expansion is leading to the establishment of the term: social systems engineering. Social systems engineering is a reciprocal relationship between systems engineering and the social sciences. More specifically this means: 1) adapting/applying systems engineering methods/tools in a range of social policy areas in industry, government and academia; and 2) developing/applying social science theory and methods for the integration of teams and communities that are engineering systems. In this paper, we provide an overview of the history of social systems engineering and develop the concept to provide systems engineers with a conceptual foundation for using social systems in their systems engineering practice.
Millimeter Wave Wide-Angle Scanning Circularly Polarized Antenna Array With a Novel Polarizer

A wide-angle scanning circularly polarized (CP) antenna array based on a novel polarizer is proposed. The working mechanism is that the linear polarization (LP) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) slot antenna array can be converted into CP antenna array through the proposed hybrid polarizer. Specifically, the proposed hybrid polarizer consists of a dipole array polarizer with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 6 elements and a metasurface polarizer with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$19\times19$ </tex-math></inline-formula> elements. The metasurface polarizer can realize the LP–CP conversion of the beams with a scanning angle range (−55°, 55°) and the dipole array polarizer can realize LP–CP conversion of beams with scanning angle ranges (−60°, −40°) and (40°, 60°) through reasonable design. Based on the complementary characteristics of the metasurface polarizer and dipole array polarizer for different scanning angles, the proposed hybrid polarizer gives the designed CP antenna array have good AR characteristics in the scanning angle range (−70°, 70°). Then, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 6 Butler matrix is designed to feed the proposed wide-angle scanning CP antenna array. Finally, a prototype of the wide-angle scanning CP antenna array is fabricated. The test results show that the AR of the proposed wide-angle scanning CP antenna array is less than 3 dB, the maximum scanning angle is −60°, and the maximum gain is more than 16.5 dBi in the operating frequency range 27.9–28.4 GHz.
A Real-Time Detection Method for Concrete Surface Cracks Based on Improved YOLOv4

Many structures in civil engineering are symmetrical. Crack detection is a critical task in the monitoring and inspection of civil engineering structures. This study implements a lightweight neural network based on the YOLOv4 algorithm to detect concrete surface cracks. In the extraction of backbone and the design of neck and head, the symmetry concept is adopted. The model modules are improved to reduce the depth and complexity of the overall network structure. Meanwhile, the separable convolution is used to realize spatial convolution, and the SPP and PANet modules are improved to reduce the model parameters. The convolutional layer and batch normalization layer are merged to improve the model inference speed. In addition, using the focal loss function for reference, the loss function of object detection network is improved to balance the proportion of the cracks and the background samples. To comprehensively evaluate the performance of the improved method, 10,000 images (256 × 256 pixels in size) of cracks on concrete surfaces are collected to build the database. The improved YOLOv4 model achieves an mAP of 94.09% with 8.04 M and 0.64 GMacs. The results show that the improved model is satisfactory in mAP, and the model size and calculation amount are greatly reduced. This performs better in terms of real-time detection on concrete surface cracks.
Experiences and Perceptions of Patients and Providers Participating in Remote Titration of Heart Failure Medication Facilitated by Telemonitoring: Qualitative Study

Background Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), optimized to target doses, improves health outcomes in patients with heart failure. However, GDMT remains underused, with <25% of patients receiving target doses in clinical practice. A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre in Toronto to compare a remote GDMT titration intervention with standard in-office titration. This randomized controlled trial found that remote titration increased the proportion of patients who achieved optimal GDMT doses, decreased the time to dose optimization, and reduced the number of essential clinic visits. This paper presents findings from the qualitative component of the mixed methods study, which evaluated the implementation of the remote titration intervention. Objective The objective of the qualitative component is to assess the perceptions and experiences of clinicians and patients with heart failure who participated in the remote titration intervention to identify factors that affected the implementation of the intervention. Methods We conducted semistructured interviews with clinicians (n=5) and patients (n=11) who participated in the remote titration intervention. Questions probed the experiences of the participants to identify factors that can serve as barriers and facilitators to its implementation. Conventional content analysis was first used to analyze the interviews and gain direct information based on the participants’ unique perspectives. Subsequently, the generated themes were delineated and mapped following a multilevel framework. Results Patients and clinicians indicated that the intervention was easy to use, integrated well into their routines, and removed practical barriers to titration. Key implementation facilitators from the patients’ perspective included the reduction in clinic visits and daily monitoring of their condition, whereas clinicians emphasized the benefits of rapid drug titration and efficient patient management. Key implementation barriers included the resources necessary to support the intervention and lack of physician remuneration. Conclusions This study presents results from a real-world implementation assessment of remote titration facilitated by telemonitoring. It is among the first to provide insight into the perception of the remote titration process by clinicians and patients. Our findings indicate that the relative advantages that remote titration presents over standard care strongly appeal to both clinicians and patients. However, to ensure uptake and adherence, it is important to ensure that suitable patients are enrolled and the impact on the physicians’ workload is minimized. The implementation of remote titration is now more critical than ever, as it can help provide access to care for patients during times when physical distancing is required. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04205513; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04205513 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/19705
Evaluation of Image Reconstruction Using Binary Genetic Algorithm and Unwrapping in Digital Holography

Received/Geliş: 25.04. 2021 Accepted/Kabul: 08.07. 2021 Abstract: Image reconstruction is a fundamental task of image processing and images are desired to be reconstructed with the lowest noise and most accuracy possible. Digital holography is one of the image reconstruction methods that uses Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as a common tool. However, several iterative methods such as genetic algorithm (GA) can be used to decrease the noise or optimize the digital hologram in the reconstruction process for digital holography. In this paper, we propose an image reconstruction task that is performed by using a binary genetic algorithm (BGA) in digital holography. In this scheme, the image of a glassmade star object is reconstructed both originally and also by using BGA to find a similar solution to the originally reconstructed one. The unwrapping effect in the reconstructed image is also evaluated by using two different methods that are Goldenstein's and Quality guided path-following techniques. The results indicate that since BGA provides a solution with higher similarity to the originally reconstructed one, it can be considered as an alternative to the common reconstruction process in digital holography. Besides, since a 3-dimensional (3D) image with phase information is obtained by unwrapping techniques, it provides to have better quality images.