Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification and verification of hub genes associated with the progression of non-small cell lung cancer by integrated analysis

Objectives: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and it is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Despite the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) have improved, the molecular mechanisms of NSCLC are still to be further explored. Materials and Methods: Microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were selected to identify the candidate genes associated with tumorigenesis and progression of non-small cell lung carcinoma. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by GEO2R. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) were used to screen out hub genes. The expression levels of hub genes were verified by GEPIA, Oncomine and The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to value the importance of hub genes in NSCLC diagnosis and prognosis. ENCODE and cBioPortal were used to explore the upstream regulatory mechanisms of hub genes. Analysis on CancerSEA Tool, CCK8 assay and colony formation assay revealed the functions of hub genes in NSCLC. Results: A total of 426 DEGs were identified, including 93 up-regulated genes and 333 down-regulated genes. And nine hub genes (CDC6, KIAA0101, CDC20, BUB1B, CCNA2, NCAPG, KIF11, BUB1 and CDK1) were found to increase with the tumorigenesis, progression and cisplatin resistance of NSCLC, especially EGFR- or KRAS-mutation driven NSCLC. Hub genes were valuable biomarkers for NSCLC, and the overexpression of hub genes led to poor survival of NSCLC patients. Function analysis showed that hub genes played roles in cell cycle and proliferation, and knockdown of hub genes significantly inhibited A549 and SPCA1 cell growth. Further exploration demonstrated that copy number alterations (CNAs) and transcription activation may account for the up-regulation of hub genes. Conclusion: Hub genes identified in this study provided better understanding of molecular mechanisms within tumorigenesis and progression of NSCLC, and provided potential targets for NSCLC treatment as well.
The plasma membrane-localized OsNIP1;2 mediates internal aluminum detoxification in rice

Aluminum (Al) toxicity significantly restricts crop production on acidic soils. Although rice is highly resistant to Al stress, the underlying resistant mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we characterized the function of OsNIP1;2, a plasma membrane-localized nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein (NIP) in rice. Aluminum stress specifically and quickly induced OsNIP1;2 expression in the root. Functional mutations of OsNIP1;2 in two independent rice lines led to significantly enhanced sensitivity to Al but not other metals. Moreover, the Osnip1;2 mutants had considerably more Al accumulated in the root cell wall but less in the cytosol than the wild-type rice. In addition, compared with the wild-type rice plants, the Osnip1;2 mutants contained more Al in the root but less in the shoot. When expressed in yeast, OsNIP1;2 led to enhanced Al accumulation in the cells and enhanced sensitivity to Al stress, suggesting that OsNIP1;2 facilitated Al uptake in yeast. These results suggest that OsNIP1;2 confers internal Al detoxification via taking out the root cell wall’s Al, sequestering it to the root cell’s vacuole, and re-distributing it to the above-ground tissues.
Real-time guava tree-part segmentation using fully convolutional network with channel and spatial attention

It is imminent to develop intelligent harvesting robots to alleviate the burden of rising costs of manual picking. A key problem in robotic harvesting is how to recognize tree parts efficiently without losing accuracy, thus helping the robots plan collision-free paths. This study introduces a real-time tree-part segmentation network by improving fully convolutional network with channel and spatial attention. A lightweight backbone is first deployed to extract low-level and high-level features. These features may contain redundant information in their channel and spatial dimensions, so a channel and spatial attention module is proposed to enhance informative channels and spatial locations. On this basis, a feature aggregation module is investigated to fuse the low-level details and high-level semantics to improve segmentation accuracy. A tree-part dataset with 891 RGB images is collected, and each image is manually annotated in a per-pixel fashion. Experiment results show that when using MobileNetV3-Large as the backbone, the proposed network obtained an intersection-over-union (IoU) value of 63.33 and 66.25% for the branches and fruits, respectively, and required only 2.36 billion floating point operations per second (FLOPs); when using MobileNetV3-Small as the backbone, the network achieved an IoU value of 60.62 and 61.05% for the branches and fruits, respectively, at a speed of 1.18 billion FLOPs. Such results demonstrate that the proposed network can segment the tree-parts efficiently without loss of accuracy, and thus can be applied to the harvesting robots to plan collision-free paths.
Methylmercury-induced DNA methylation—From epidemiological observations to experimental evidence

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a developmental neurotoxicant, and one potential mechanism of MeHg toxicity is epigenetic dysregulation. In a recent meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS), associations between prenatal MeHg exposure and DNA methylation at several genomic sites were identified in blood from newborns and children. While EWASs reveal human-relevant associations, experimental studies are required to validate the relationship between exposure and DNA methylation changes, and to assess if such changes have implications for gene expression. Herein, we studied DNA methylation and gene expression of five of the top genes identified in the EWAS meta-analysis, MED31, MRPL19, GGH, GRK1, and LYSMD3, upon MeHg exposure in human SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 8 or 40 nM of MeHg during differentiation, using bisulfite-pyrosequencing and qPCR, respectively. The concentrations were selected to cover the range of MeHg concentrations in cord blood (2–8.5 μg/L) observed in the cohorts included in the EWAS. Exposure to MeHg increased DNA methylation at MED31, a transcriptional regulator essential for fetal development. The results were in concordance with the epidemiological findings where more MED31 methylation was associated with higher concentrations of MeHg. Additionally, we found a non-significant decrease in DNA methylation at GGH, which corresponds to the direction of change observed in the EWAS, and a significant correlation of GGH methylation with its expression. In conclusion, this study corroborates some of the EWAS findings and puts forward candidate genes involved in MeHg’s effects on the developing brain, thus highlighting the value of experimental validation of epidemiological association studies.
The experiences of caregivers of children with epilepsy: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research studies

Objective Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological disorders in children. The caregivers of these children bear heavy burden of care in the process of taking care of them. The objective of this metasynthesis was to explore the experiences and needs of caregivers of children with epilepsy. Methods and data sources Eight databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP database, and CBM) were searched for qualitative studies from each database's inception to 31 June 2021. Studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Qualitative data were extracted, summarized, and meta-synthesized. Results 13 studies were included, covering the data of 316 participants. 36 research results were extracted from these studies, which were combined into 11 categories, and finally formed 4 themes: (a) heavy burden of care; (b) emotional experience; (c) coping strategies; (d) care needs. Conclusion Caregivers beared a heavy burden of care and psychological burden. Despite the adoption of different coping strategies, their emotional distress was still very serious. Caregivers had unmet care needs. In order to improve caregivers' care capacity, the society and healthcare workers need to provide them with information support, psychological support, and take measures to create a friendly medical and living environment for them. Impact Understanding the experiences of caregivers of children with epilepsy will inform future research and practice. Healthcare workers could develop interventions to reduce caregiver burden and improve the level of caregivers' mental health. On the other hand, effective programs should be designed to improve caregivers' knowledge of the disease and enhance their ability to care. Society needs to take steps to improve the medical environment and the social stigma that is not friendly to epilepsy.
Propagation of the Cosmic Radiation through Inetrsteller Space

Various theories on the origin of the cosmic radiation are critically surveyed. Expected phenomena resulting from the galactic origin theory in which charged cosmic rays are trapped by the glactic magnetic field are discussed with special regard to the secondaries due to the collisions with interstellar hydrogen. Electrons through the decay process π→μ→e are then expected to amount 3-9% of the total intensity, depending upon the magnetic field strength in our galaxy. An alternative hypothesis that the cosmic radiation propagates in a straight way is also examined. It is proposed that this may be tested by observing primary photons, resulting from the decay process π°→2γ, which could be several percent of the total radiation at low latitudes.
First passage times of Lévy processes over a one-sided moving boundary

We study the one-sided exit problem with a moving boundary for Levy processes. Our main result states that if the boundary behaves asymptotically as t for some < 1/2 then the probability that the process stays below the boundary behaves as in the case of a constant boundary. This class of boundaries is independent of Spitzer’s condition in contrast to previously known results. Both positive and negative boundaries are considered. To this aim, we develop a new technique using an iteration method to reduce the exponent of the boundary in each step such that the boundary eventually turns into a constant boundary. These results extend the findings of [17] and are also motivated by results in the case of Brownian motion, for which the above result was proved in [36].
L'expression de la n egation dans les langues romanes

Dans ce chapitre nous nous proposons de donner un aperçu du fonctionnement du système de la négation dans des langues romanes. Nous concentrerons notre attention sur le phénomène de la concordance négative en français, en italien, en roumain, en espagnol et en portugais. Le terme de concordance négative (negative concord) est introduit par Labov (1972) pour décrire le fonctionnement de certains dialectes non-standard de l’anglais-américain. Au lieu de dire, comme il le fait pour l’anglais standard, que l’élément abstrait négatif est attiré par le premier indéfini contenu dans une phrase, et par exemple se réalise comme nobody dans une phrase comme nobody did anything (personne n’a rien fait), il caractérise ainsi le phénomène : “we might say for these dialects that the negative is attracted to indefinites generally” (1972 : 784). La phrase exprime donc une seule négation dont l’expression est copiée sur chaque indéfini, donnant, par exemple, nobody did nothing (avec une seule négation en sémantique). Par extension, dans d’autres langues, on parle également de concordance négative pour l’interprétation d’une phrase qui comporte plusieurs mots négatifs sans que cela donne lieu à une interprétation à négation multiple. Par exemple, la phrase italienne en (1) n’a pas d’interprétation correspondant à la paraphrase ‘tout le monde a dit au moins quelque chose’, mais seulement celle qui équivaut à ‘tout le monde est resté silencieux’.
Gastric ulcer prevention, harmlessness and antioxidant activity of
astaxanthin extracted from a new Algerian strain of Haematococcus pluvialis

Astaxanthin is a high-value carotenoid (3, 3’ dihydroxy-β carotene-4, 4’-dione) with multiple biological properties of interest. It is produced by a microalga, Heamatococcus pluvialis, in substantial amounts especially under stressful conditions such as nitrate starvation and high-light intensity. The present study investigated the gastric ulcer prevention, harmlessness, and antioxidant activity of dimethyl sulfoxide-extracted (DMSO) astaxanthin (DMSO-AE) of a newly isolated Haematococcus pluvialis Algerian strain. The experiment was carried out using the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in mice. Changes in behavior, physical appearance, convulsion, and death rate were regularly monitored during the first 3h and after the next 24h. Antioxidant activity of H. pluvialis DMSO-AE was evaluated with DPPH (2, 2’diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) method. Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer was significantly (P  0.05) reduced in mice treated with 250 and 500µg of H. pluvialis DMSO-AE/Kg BW, when compared to the negative and the positive control groups. Histopathological examination of stomach sagittal sections of H. pluvialis DMSO-AE pretreated mice did not show any modification of tissue architecture. There was no evidence of toxicity or changes in the behavior or the mortality rate of the mice at the administrated dose of 500 mg H. pluvialis DMSO-AE/Kg BW. The DPPH scavenging activity of H. pluvialis DMSO-AE used at a concentration of 200µg/mL, was about 89.97% with an IC50 value of 25. 82µg/mL. These results highlighted the astaxanthin protective effects on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers and lipid peroxidation which open up the prospects for the use of this carotenoid in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industry.
Development of a new flux splitting scheme

The successful use of a novel splitting scheme, the advection upstream splitting method, for model aerodynamic problems where Van Leer and Roe schemes had failed previously is discussed. The present scheme is based on splitting in which the convective and pressure terms are separated and treated differently depending on the underlying physical conditions. The present method is found to be both simple and accurate.
First-principles study of lattice instabilities in ferromagnetic Ni2MnGa

The phonon-dispersion relations and elastic constants for ferromagnetic Ni 2 MnGa in the cubic and tetragonally distorted Heusler structures are computed using density-functional and density-functional-perturbation theory within the spin-polarized generalized-gradient approximation. For 0.9<c/a< 1.06, the TA 2 transverse-acoustic branch along [110] and the symmetry-related directions exhibit a dynamical instability at a wave vector that depends on c/a. Through examination of the Fermi-surface nesting and electron-phonon coupling, this is identified as a Kohn anomaly. In the parent cubic phase the computed tetragonal shear elastic constant, C'=(C 1 1 -C 1 2 )/2, is close to zero, indicating a marginal elastic instability towards a uniform tetragonal distortion. We conclude that the cubic Heusler structure is unstable against a family of energy-lowering distortions produced by the coupling between a uniform tetragonal distortion and the corresponding [110] modulation. The computed relation between the c/a ratio and the modulation wave vector is in excellent agreement with structural data on the premartensitic (c/a=1) and martensitic (c/a=0.94) phases of Ni 2 MnGa.
AEGIS: DEMOGRAPHICS OF X-RAY AND OPTICALLY SELECTED ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

We develop a new diagnostic method to classify galaxies into active galactic nucleus (AGN) hosts, star-forming galaxies, and absorption-dominated galaxies by combining the [O iii]/Hβ ratio with rest-frame U − B color. This can be used to robustly select AGNs in galaxy samples at intermediate redshifts (z < 1). We compare the result of this optical AGN selection with X-ray selection using a sample of 3150 galaxies with 0.3 < z < 0.8 and IAB < 22, selected from the DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey and the All-wavelength Extended Groth Strip International Survey. Among the 146 X-ray sources in this sample, 58% are classified optically as emission-line AGNs, the rest as star-forming galaxies or absorption-dominated galaxies. The latter are also known as “X-ray bright, optically normal galaxies” (XBONGs). Analysis of the relationship between optical emission lines and X-ray properties shows that the completeness of optical AGN selection suffers from dependence on the star formation rate and the quality of observed spectra. It also shows that XBONGs do not appear to be a physically distinct population from other X-ray detected, emission-line AGNs. On the other hand, X-ray AGN selection also has strong bias. About 2/3 of all emission-line AGNs at Lbol > 1044 erg s-1 in our sample are not detected in our 200 ks Chandra images, most likely due to moderate or heavy absorption by gas near the AGN. The 2–7 keV detection rate of Seyfert 2s at z ∼ 0.6 suggests that their column density distribution and Compton-thick fraction are similar to that of local Seyferts. Multiple sample selection techniques are needed to obtain as complete a sample as possible.
The Comparison of DGA Interpretation Techniques Application for Actual Failure Transformer Inspections Including Experience from Power Plants in Thailand

: Dissolve gas analysis (DGA) is a diagnostic test technique applied for transformer condition evaluation. The interpretation of the dissolved gas results is a significant procedure to classify the incipient fault types in transformers. A variety of dissolved gas interpretation methods utilized for the same investigation case may give different fault type results. This paper investigates the performance of dissolved gas interpretation methods, including Doernenburg Ratio, Roger Ratio, IEC Ratio, Müller-Schlliesing and Soldner Method, Duval Triangle, and Duval Pentagon. The twenty-four failure transformer cases are used to evaluate the performance of the dissolved gas interpretation methods. The test result shows that the Duval pentagon interpretation technique shows the highest consistency interpretation. Besides, the Duval pentagon method demonstrates the ability to identify a normal aging problem of the transformer insulation.
Dataset Feasibility Analysis Method based on Enhanced Adaptive LMS method with Min-max Normalization and Fuzzy Intuitive Sets

A good dataset was required for attaining good accuracy in machine learning, especially in prediction, so that prediction accuracy was high. The imbalanced or too small dataset was a common problem in machine learning. This study proposed a method for determining the dataset's quality. If the dataset is not feasible, preprocessing can be performed to improve the dataset's quality before making predictions. Adaptive Least Mean Square (LMS) was merged with Min-max Normalization and Fuzzy Intuitive Sets (FIS) algorithms to create the proposed technique. This method might assess the value of uncertainty and information, which will influence the dataset's feasibility. If the dataset has an uncertainty value closed 1.5 and an information value of less than 0.5, it is usable. The method has been tested on both public and private datasets. According to all experiments conducted, the uncertainty value and information value on the stated threshold can have prediction accuracy above 70% with various methodologies.
The gravity wave response in the troposphere around deep convection

The gravity wave response of a quiescent atmosphere to a growing convective cell is investigated, using a non-hydrostatic compressible model. A series of experiments are carried out, categorized as: (i) MOIST experiments that employ a parameterization of Kessler warm cloud microphysics, and (ii) DRY experiments performed with a prescribed heating function. The heating function used in the DRY experiments is based on the latent heat released and absorbed in the convective cell of the MOIST experiment. A shallow mode disturbance having a strong updraft at low levels develops near the convective cell when the cell has reached the later growing stage. This disturbance is interpreted as the gravity wave response to higher vertical-mode forcings that increase during the earlier growing stage of the convective cell, and decrease in the later growing stage. For this shallow mode disturbance, not only the increase in the height of heating, but also the narrowness of the width of heating are important. It is found that this shallow mode disturbance is a particular response to a growing convective cell. The updraft in the low levels of the shallow mode disturbance provides a net vertical displacement. This results from a top-heavy heating profile which forms at the maximum stage of the convective cell. The newly developed cell near the original cell is probably triggered by this net vertical displacement.
A conceptual overview of the relationship between tourism and peace in terms of international relations theories

ABSTRACT The general claim that tourism is a promoter of peace has not been a common topic of study in the discipline of International Relations. The purpose of this article is to provide a conceptual overview, based on International Relations theories, concerning whether peace between societies can be attained by means of tourism. To that end, the study evaluates tourism’s potential to promote peace via four theories, namely, neorealism, neoliberalism, constructivism, and the critical theory. According to the findings of the overview, the claim that tourism promotes peace theoretically agrees with the arguments of constructivism and neoliberalism.
Effect of Antilogous Platelet-Rich Plasma on the Revascularization of Rabbit Prefabricated Flap

Background We aimed to investigate the effect of the local application of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the angiogenesis of the rabbit prefabricated flap. Material/Methods Femoral arteriovenous bundle prefabricated flaps were constructed on both sides of the abdomen of 20 New Zealand white rabbits and were randomly divided into experimental sides and control sides, with 40 sides in total. Autologous PRP was injected around the prefabricated femoral vascular bundle on the experimental side, and the same amount of saline was injected on the control side. After 14 days, stage II surgery was performed to lift the island flap with the implanted femoral vascular bundle at the tip of the preconfigured flap marker line and suture it in situ. Twenty rabbits were divided equally into 4 groups: group A, 7 days after stage I surgery; group B, 14 days after stage I surgery; group C, 7 days after stage II surgery; and group D, 14 days after stage II surgery. The survival of neovascularization and the flaps in the 4 groups were compared by microscopic observation, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Results The density of neovascularization was much higher on the experimental side than on the control side in the 4 groups, and statistically significantly increased with time (P<0.05). Seven days after stage II surgery, flap survival was better on the experimental side than on the control side. Conclusions PRP effectively promoted the revascularization of a prefabricated flap, and vascular density increased with time.