Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forest inventory sensivity to UAS-based image processing algorithms

Frequent and accurate estimation of forest structure parameters, such as number of trees per hectare or total height, are mandatory for sustainable forest management. Unmanned aircraft system (UAS) equipped with inexpensive sensors can be used to monitor and measure forest structure. The detailed information provided by the UAS allows tree level forest inventory. However, tree identification depends on a variety of parameters defining the image processing and tree segmentation algorithms. The objective of our study was to identify parameter combinations that accurately delineated trees and their heights. We evaluated the impact of different tree segmentation and point cloud generation algorithms on forest inventory from imagery collected with a UAS over a mature Douglas-fir plantation forest. We processed the images with two commonly used commercial software packages, Agisoft PhotoScan and Pix4Dmapper, both implementing image processing algorithms called Structure from Motion. For each software we generated photogrammetric point clouds by varying the parameters defining the implementation. We segmented individual trees and heights using three tree algorithms: Variable Window Filter, Graph-Theoretical, and Watershed Segmentation. We assessed the impact of image processing algorithms on forest inventory by comparing the estimated trees with trees manually identified from the point clouds. We found that the type of tree segmentation and image processing algorithms have a significant effect in accurately identifying trees. For tree height estimation, we found strong evidence that image processing algorithms had significant effects, whereas tree segmentation algorithms did not significantly affect tree height estimation.These findings may be of interest to others that are using high-resolution spatial imagery to estimate forest inventory parameters.
AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T Entry and Competition in Takeover Auctions I

We estimate the degree of uncertainty faced by potential bidders in takeover auctions and quantify how it affects prices in auctions and negotiations. The high degree of uncertainty revealed by our structural estimation encourages entry in auctions but reduces a target’s bargaining power in negotiations. In the aggregate, auctions and negotiations produce similar prices, even though auctions are preferred in takeover markets with high uncertainty, while the reverse is true for negotiations. Firm characteristics predict pre-entry uncertainty and thus are informative about the relative performance of auctions and negotiations for individual targets.
Text - Independent Multi-Sensor Speaker Verification System

The performance of common speaker verification (SV) system vastly affected when speaker model training is done in the speech sample that recorded done by one device and the testing is done in another device. It is a major problem of speaker verification system in multi-device environment. In this paper we report the experiment carried out on the recently collected speaker recognition database Arunachali Language Speech Database (ALS-DB) a multilingual and multichannel database to study the impact of device variability on speaker verification system. The collected database is evaluated with Gaussian mixture model and Universal Background Model (GMM-UBM) and Mel - Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) combined with prosodic features as a front end feature vectors based speaker verification system. The impact of the device both matching and mismatch in training and testing has been evaluated in text independent manner. For matching condition of device we have found Equal Error Rate (EER) 7.50% with minimum Detection Cost Function (MinDCF) value 0.1062 and for mismatching condition of devices that of 18.70% with MinDCF value 0.3425. The performance of the SV system has degraded approximately 11.00% due to mismatching condition of devices in text independent speaker verification system.
Prostate Cancer Clinical Utility of Circulating Tumour Cell Androgen Receptor Splice Variant-7 Status in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Adam Sharp , Jon C. Welti , Maryou B.K. Lambros , David Dolling , Daniel Nava Rodrigues , Lorna Pope , Caterina Aversa , Ines Figueiredo , Jennifer Fraser , Zai Ahmad , Changxue Lu , Pasquale Rescigno , Michael Kolinsky , Claudia Bertan , George Seed , Ruth Riisnaes , Susana Miranda , Mateus Crespo , Rita Pereira , Ana Ferreira , Gemma Fowler , Berni Ebbs , Penny Flohr , Antje Neeb , Diletta Bianchini , Antonella Petremolo , Semini Sumanasuriya , Alec Paschalis , Joaquin Mateo , Nina Tunariu , Wei Yuan , Suzanne Carreira , Stephen R. Plymate , Jun Luo , Johann S. de Bono *
SEMI-SUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION OF MUSICAL GENRE USING MULTIVIEW FEATURES

Musical genre classification is a key problem in multimedia information retrieval. Traditional musical genre classification methods are complete supervised, i.e., large amount of annotations are needed. In addition, if more than one feature sets are used, they are simply concatenated to form a long feature vector, which is sometimes problematic. To solve these problems, we introduce to use multi-view features and Co-Training algorithm. More specifically, we adopt three most popular feature sets to form two feature views for classification, so as to extract as much discriminative information contained by different feature sets as possible. We then use the Co-Training algorithm to classify musical pieces with only a few annotations. Experiments prove the validity and effectiveness of this method.
Development of distributed parallel explicit Moving Particle Simulation ( MPS ) method and zoom up tsunami analysis on urban areas

In this research, a distributed memory parallel algorithm of the explicit MPS (Moving Particle Simulation) method is described. The MPS method is one of the popular particle method with collision. The ParMETIS is adopted for domain decomposition. We show the algorithm and the results of parallel scalability in our poster using the FX10 of the University of Tokyo. As the applications, a large-scale run-up tsunami analysis such as inundating the Ishinomaki urban area and carrying two 10m diameter tanks by the tsunami is done. Keywords—MPS method; Particle method; Tsunami; ParMETIS; Distributed parallel; Dynamic load balance
LA 1 4 YW United Kingdom

Teachers’ knowledge of STEM education, their understanding, and pedagogical application of that knowledge is intrinsically linked to the subsequent effectiveness of STEM delivery within their own practice; where a teacher’s knowledge and understanding is deficient, the potential for pupil learning is ineffective and limited. Set within the context of secondary age phase education in England and Wales (11–16 years old), this paper explores how teachers working within the field of design and technology education acquire new knowledge in STEM; how understanding is developed and subsequently embedded within their practice to support the creation of a diverse STEM-literate society. The purpose being to determine mechanisms by which knowledge acquisition occurs, to reconnoitre potential implications for education and learning at work, including consideration of the role which new technologies play in the development of STEM knowledge within and across contributory STEM subject disciplines. Underpinned by an interpretivist ontology, work presented here builds upon the premise that design and technology is an interdisciplinary educational construct and not viewed as being of equal status to other STEM disciplines including maths and science. Drawing upon the philosophical field of symbolic interactionism and constructivist grounded theory, work embraces an abductive methodology where participants are encouraged to relate design and technology within the context of STEM education. Emergent findings are discussed in relation to their potential to support teachers’ educational development for the advancement of STEM literacy, and help secure design and technology’s place as a subject of value within a twenty-first Century curriculum.
racture opening or self-sealing : Critical residence time as a unifying arameter for cement – CO 2 – brine interactions

Understanding long-term property evolution of cement fractures is essential for assessing well integrity during geological carbon sequestration (GCS). Cement fractures represent preferential leakage pathways in abandoned wells upon exposure to CO2-rich fluid. Contrasting self-sealing and fracture opening behavior have been observed while a unifying framework is still missing. Here we developed a process-based reactive transport model that explicitly simulates flow and multi-component reactive transport in fractured cement by reproducing experimental observation of sharp flow rate reduction during exposure to carbonated water. The simulation shows similar reaction network as in diffusion-controlled systems without flow. That is, the CO2-rich water accelerates the portlandite dissolution, releasing calcium that further reacted with carbonate to form calcite. The calibrated model was used for CO2-flooding numerical experiments in 250 cement fractures with varying initial hydraulic aperture (b) and residence time ( ) defined as the ratio of fracture volume over flow rate. A long leads to slow replenishment of carbonated water, calcite precipitation, and self-sealing. The opposite occurs when is small with short fracture and fast flow rates. Simulation results indicate a critical residence time c – the minimum required for selfsealing – divides the conditions that trigger the opening and self-sealing behavior. The c value depends on the initial aperture size through c = 9.8 × 10−4 × b2 + 0.254 × b. Among the 250 numerical experiments, significant changes in effective permeability – self-healing or opening – typically occur within hours to a day, thus providing supporting argument for the extrapolation of short-term laboratory observation (hours to months) to long-term prediction at relevant GCS time scales (years to hundreds of years). © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Projection Algorithms for Finite Sum Constrained Optimization

Parallel and cyclic projection algorithms are proposed for minimizing the sum of a finite family of convex functions over the intersection of a finite family of closed convex subsets of a Hilbert space. These algorithms are of predictor-corrector type, with each main iteration consisting of an inner cycle of subgradient descent process followed by a projection step. We prove the convergence of these methods to an optimal solution of the composite minimization problem under investigation upon assuming boundedness of the gradients at the iterates of the local functions and the stepsizes being chosen appropriately, in the finite-dimensional setting. We also discuss generalizations and limitations of the proposed algorithms and our techniques.
P 4 . 11 ANALYSIS OF TRMM 3-HOURLY MULTI-SATELLITE PRECIPTATION ESTIMATES COMPUTED IN BOTH REAL AND POST-REAL TIME

Satellite data form the core of the information available for estimating precipitation on a global basis. While it is possible to create such estimates solely from one sensor, researchers have increasingly moved to using combinations of sensors in an attempt to improve accuracy, coverage, and resolution. The first such combinations were performed at relatively coarse scale to ensure reasonable error characteristics. For example, the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) satellite-gauge (SG) combination is computed on a monthly 2.5°x2.5° lat. /long. grid (Huffman et al. 1997). Subsequently, users requested that the estimates be made available at finer scale, even at the cost of higher uncertainties. Examples from the GPCP include the Pentad (Xie et al. 2003) and OneDegree Daily (Huffman et al. 2001) combination estimates of precipitation. This paper reports on a data set at the 3-hourly, 0.25°x0.25° lat. /long. resolution that is being computed for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM).
EFFCIENT PREDICTION METHOD FOR BROADBAND ACOUSTIC MODE RADIATION FROM ENGINE BYPASS DUCTS by Jun Wu

Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.
Discussion Paper Series Number 166 Constrained Communication with Multiple Agents : Anonymity , Equal Treatment , and Public Good Provision

This paper studies information transmission subject to anonymity requirements and communication in public good provision without transfers. The structure of informative equilibria under anonymity or in public good provision can di¤er substantially from that of direct one-to-one communication, and in particular we distinguish i) informational distortion caused by the intrinsic divergence of preferences between the decision maker and each agent; and ii) informational distortion caused by the decision makers weak response to each agents message due to the equal treatment of all agents that results from anonymity or the nature of public goods. We examine the interaction between these two types of distortion and demonstrate that they may partly o¤set one another. Information transmission and welfare can be enhanced by introducing the second type of distortion through anonymity when the rst type of distortion is severe. In public good provision where the intrinsic preference divergence between the utilitarian decision maker and each agent is absent, as the number of agents becomes larger the quality of communication diminishes and informative equilibria converge to the one that can be played by letting each agent report a binary message (e.g. "yes" or "no") even if their preferences and the decision are continuous. Keywords: Cheap Talk, Anonymous Communication, Equal Treatment, Public Good Provision JEL Classi cations: D71, D82, D83 I thank Oliver Board, Vince Crawford, Mathias Dewatripont, Florian Ederer, Kazumi Hori, Navin Kartik, John Morgan, Andrea Patacconi, John Quah, Robert Ritz, Koichi Tadenuma, Chris Tyson, Joel Watson and seminar participants at CTW, Hitotsubashi, Kyoto, Oxford, Tsukuba, UC San Diego, Waseda, and the Econometric Society European Winter Meetings 2006 for discussions and comments. I am particularly grateful to Meg Meyer and Joel Sobel for their suggestions, and to Jim Malcomson for his guidance. All errors are my own. ykohei.kawamura@nu¢ eld.ox. ac.uk
STUDY ON THE VARIATIONS OF GROUND MOTION PARAMETERS WITH DISTANCE FOR MMww 6.9 SIKKIM 2011 EARTHQUAKE

*Assistant Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Bhubaneswar Odisha-751024, India, E-mail: shivshankar.mit@gmail.com **Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam-781039, India, E-mail: amurali@iitg.ac. in ***Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore-560012, India, E-mail: anbazhagan@civil.iisc. ernet.in
Pore-scale modeling tools for three-phase sediment transport processes

A better understanding of sediment erosion and deposition processes is critical to the mission of the US Army Corps of Engineers and many other organizations concerned with flood protection, navigation, and riverine and coastal water resources. Long-term engineering of the Mississippi river, beach nourishment projects for coastal communities, and design of levees, breakwaters, and dunes for storm protection are just a few areas that turn on the interaction of fluids with granular materials. Hunter Rouse, “the father of modern hydraulics” wrote in 1939 that, “neither mathematical tools nor physical understanding of their use can be considered sufficiently far advanced to cope with so intricate a problem at the present time” [3]. Today, the state of practice in computational modeling of sediment dynamics still relies heavily on empirical relationships. In recent decades, however, much progress has been made on the development of numerical methods capable of obtaining accurate solutions of fluid-grain dynamics at the microscale as well as on rigorous methods for obtaining practical computational models at larger scales. Perhaps soon mathematical tools and physical understanding will be sufficiently advanced to cope with the intricate problem of sediment dynamics. This presentation will describe a combination of level set [1, 2] and immersed/embedded boundary methods [4, 5] for simulating microscale air-water-solid dynamics using finite element methods for incompressible flow of the fluid phases and discrete element methods for the dynamics of the solid grains.
Urban-Net : A System to Understand and Analyze Critical Infrastructure Networks for Emergency Management

Critical Infrastructure Systems (CIS) are complex interdependent systemswhich are vital to public life and national security. Failure of even a small part of such systems, caused by any natural or humanmade disaster, can trigger widespread cascading failures impacting many other interdependent modules and disrupt the functionality of the entire system. To better manage the effects of such disruptive events, domain experts should be able to asses, in a comprehensive manner, the complex interdependencies and failure dynamics over these systems. In this project, we have developed Urban-Net1, a CIS analysis tool, which uses heterogeneous network analysis to allow a user to: (a) visualize the nation’s critical infrastructures and their complex inter-dependencies; (b) enables them to identify vulnerabilities within the network; and (c) allow fast simulations and other analysis to answer ’what-if’ questions.
Language Evolves, so should WordNet-Automatically Extending WordNet with the Senses of Out of Vocabulary Lemmas

This thesis provides a solution which finds the optimal location to insert the sense of a word not currently found in lexical database WordNet. Currently WordNet contains common words that are already well established in the English language. However, there are many technical terms and examples of jargon that suddenly become popular, and new slang expressions and idioms that arise. WordNet will only stay viable to the degree to which it can incorporate such terminology in an automatic and reliable fashion. To solve this problem we have developed an approach which measures the relatedness of the definition of a novel sense with all of the definitions of all of senses with the same part of speech in WordNet. These measurements were done using a variety of measures, including Extended Gloss Overlaps, Gloss Vectors, and Word2Vec. After identifying the most related definition to the novel sense, we determine if this sense should be merged as a synonym or attached as a hyponym to an existing sense. Our method participated in a shared task on Semantic Taxonomy Enhancement conducted as a part of SemeEval-2016 are fared much better than a random baseline and was comparable to various other participating systems. This approach is not only effective it represents a departure from existing techniques and thereby expands the range of possible solutions to this problem.
How to test for bubbles ? Fundamentals , discount rates and volatility

I analyse the size and power of bubble detection tests derived from simplified present value relationships. Fundamental value is generated by an estimated present value model in which dividend growth, discount rates and volatility are time varying. I find that, under the null hypothesis of price being equal to fundamental value, no time series based test allows for correct inference under conventional critical values. When trading off size and power, tests for periodically explosive growth minimize maximal regret and have highest power for most parameter configurations.
Diversity and dynamics of weeds as influenced by flucetosulfuron 10% WG in direct seeded rice and its residual effect on succeeding crop green gram.

Weed management in direct seeded rice through flucetosulfuron 10 % WG and its residual effect on succeeding green gram was identified in the field experiment at College of Agriculture, Navile, Shivamoga, the University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, during kharif 20132014 and rabi 2014-2015. Weed control treatments consisting flucetosulfuron at different doses (15 to 30 g a.i. ha-1) and other herbicides bispyribac sodium 10%SC 20 g a.i. ha-1, azimsulfuron 50% DF 35 g a.i. ha-1and hand weeding.Dominant weed flora observed in the experimental field among grasses Echinochloacolonum, E. crusgalli and Leptochloachinensis among sedges Cyperusdifformis and C. iria whereas in case of broadleaf weeds (BLW) Ludwigiaparviflora, Ecliptaprostrata, Alternantherasessilis, Fimbristylismiliacea and Marseliaquadrifolia were dominated weeds. Application flucetosulfuron10 % WG @ 25g a.i. ha-1registered consistently good control of all category of weeds, i.e., grasses, sedges and broad leaved weeds and was on par with flucetosulfuron10 % WG @ 30g a.i. ha-1 dose and these herbicides did not cause any phytotoxicity symptoms on preceding crop direct seeded rice as well as succeeding crop green gram and recorded significantly higher grain yield in direct seeded rice.
Discussion Paper Series Number 172 Job Reallocation , Unemployment and Hours in a New Keynesian Model

This paper focusses on the reallocation of labour resources in a New Keynesian environment with labour market search and endogenous separations. We show that introduction of variation in hours per worker alters the incentives for intertemporal substitution in a way that generates a more steeply downward sloping Beveridge curve and reduces the tendency to synchronise gross job flows. This also enables the New Keynesian model to capture the interaction of hours and employment at business cycle frequencies. We show that the impact of labour supply elasticity on the slope of the Beveridge curve and the correlation of gross job flows is determined primarily by variation in the response to monetary shocks. When hours variation is suppressed the comovement of job creation with job destruction and of unemployment with vacancies are strongly positive in response to monetary shocks. Whereas with variation in hours both measures of reallocation take on the correct negative sign. ∗ I am grateful to Jozsef Sakovics, Stuart Sayer, Jonathan Thomas and seminar participants at the Centre For Dynamic Macroeconomics Workshop 2005, Royal Economics Society Conference 2006, ESRC Money, Macroeconomics and Finance Research Group Conference 2006, University of Birmingham and University of Hull for advice and encouragement. Earlier versions of this paper have circulated under the titles "Unemployment, Job Flows and Hours in a New Keynesian Model" and "Unemployment, Labour Market Dynamics and the New NeoClassical Synthesis". I am responsible for any errors. Correspondence should be addressed to Richard Holt, Economics, University of Edinburgh, William Robertson Building, 50 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JY, Scotland; E-mail: Richard.Holt@ed.ac. uk . Job Reallocation, Unemployment and Hours in a New Keynesian Model