Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large and small extracellular vesicles released by glioma cells in vitro and in vivo

ABSTRACT Tumour cells release diverse populations of extracellular vesicles (EVs) ranging in size, molecular cargo, and function. We sought to characterize mRNA and protein content of EV subpopulations released by human glioblastoma (GBM) cells expressing a mutant form of epidermal growth factor receptor (U87EGFRvIII) in vitro and in vivo with respect to size, morphology and the presence of tumour cargo. The two EV subpopulations purified from GBM U87EGFRvIII cancer cells, non-cancer human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC; control) and serum of U87EGFRvIII glioma-bearing mice using differential centrifugation (EVs that sediment at 10,000 × g or 100,000 × g are termed large EVs and small EVs, respectively) were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), flow cytometry, immunofluorescence (IF), quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (μNMR). We report that both U87EGFRvIII and HUVEC release a similar number of small EVs, but U87EGFRvIII glioma cells alone release a higher number of large EVs compared to non-cancer HUVEC. The EGFRvIII mRNA from the two EV subpopulations from U87EGFRvIII glioma cells was comparable, while the EGFR protein (wild type + vIII) levels are significantly higher in large EVs. Similarly, EGFRvIII mRNA in large and small EVs isolated from the serum of U87EGFRvIII glioma-bearing mice is comparable, while the EGFR protein (wild type + vIII) levels are significantly higher in large EVs. Here we report for the first time a direct comparison of large and small EVs released by glioma U87EGFRvIII cells and from serum of U87EGFRvIII glioma-bearing mice. Both large and small EVs contain tumour-specific EGFRvIII mRNA and proteins and combining these platforms may be beneficial in detecting rare mutant events in circulating biofluids.
Applications of Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies and Computational Tools in Molecular Evolution and Aquatic Animals Conservation Studies: A Short Review

Aquatic ecosystems that form major biodiversity hotspots are critically threatened due to environmental and anthropogenic stressors. We believe that, in this genomic era, computational methods can be applied to promote aquatic biodiversity conservation by addressing questions related to the evolutionary history of aquatic organisms at the molecular level. However, huge amounts of genomics data generated can only be discerned through the use of bioinformatics. Here, we examine the applications of next-generation sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools to study the molecular evolution of aquatic animals and discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of using bioinformatics toward aquatic animal conservation efforts.
Advances in Line-of-Sight Guidance for Path Following of Autonomous Marine Vehicles: An Overview

Autonomous marine vehicles (AMVs), including autonomous surface and underwater vehicles, are versatile means to explore, exploit, monitor, and protect marine resources and environments. Motion control is a fundamental enabling technique for state-of-the-art AMV development. Especially, guidance is a critical component in AMV motion control. In recent years, line-of-sight (LOS) guidance, as an efficient guidance method, has attracted tremendous interest from both theoretical and practical perspectives. In this paper, an overview of recent advances in LOS guidance for AMV path following is provided. First, a control objective for the path following of an AMV with a kinematic model is specified. Next, major LOS guidance laws for path following are reviewed in detail. Then, LOS guidance laws applicable to coordinated path following of multiple AMVs are elaborated. Finally, six challenging issues for future research are addressed.
Hyaluronic Acid Prevent Further Cartilage Damage of Osteoarthritis Based on Expression of Collagen Type II and Collagen Type X

Abstract Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by changes in the structure of the subchondral articular cartilage. Chondrocytes are responsible for the synthesis and integrity of the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is believed to have a potential protective effect on joint cartilage through chondroprotective. Materials and methods: This study is experimental research (pre and post-test control group design) with 20 samples divided into five groups, each consisting of four samples. Four different dosages of HA have been given to the treatment group: 0.1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, and 3 mg/ml. Subsequently, collagen type II (COL2) and type X (COL10) were examined using the ELISA method, and data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0 Result: Our study revealed that COL2 expression was not significantly different between the control group and 0.1 mg/ml. Interestingly, with 1 mg/ml of HA, there was a markedly significant increase in the expression of COL2 (p < 0,05), and a further increase in dosage did not give an incremental effect. Conversely, treatment of HA significantly suppressed the expression of COL10, but no enhanced suppression was found with increasing dose. Conclusion: The administration of HA results in an increased number of COL2 and reduced number of COL10 and has the potential function of inhibiting the degeneration process in joint cartilage.
The effect of citizenship on the long-term earnings of marginalized immigrants: Quasi-experimental evidence from Switzerland

Naturalization catalyzes the long-term economic integration of marginalized immigrants. We provide evidence that citizenship catalyzes the long-term economic integration of immigrants. Despite the relevance of citizenship policy to immigrant integration, we lack a reliable understanding of the economic consequences of acquiring citizenship. To overcome nonrandom selection into naturalization, we exploit the quasi-random assignment of citizenship in Swiss municipalities that held referendums to decide the outcome of individual naturalization applications. Our data combine individual-level referendum results with detailed social security records from the Swiss authorities. This approach allows us to compare the long-term earnings of otherwise similar immigrants who barely won or lost their referendum. We find that winning Swiss citizenship in the referendum increased annual earnings by an average of approximately 5000 U.S. dollars over the subsequent 15 years. This effect is concentrated among more marginalized immigrants.
Mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction during COVID‐19: A cross‐country study of Thai and Chinese college students

Abstract This study investigated the compensating mediating mechanism of resilience in the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction in Thai and Chinese college students during a risk period of coronavirus disease 2019 transmission. A total of 262 Thai and 247 Chinese college students were enrolled in the study between December 2020 and January 2021. A measurement model was constructed with the items of loneliness, resilience, and life satisfaction by using structural equation models. Subsequently, structural mediating models were constructed according to the valid items and a multigroup comparison was performed. The relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction differed significantly between Thai and Chinese college students as a result of the mediating effect of resilience. Resilience in Thai college students partly compensated for the negative influence of loneliness on life satisfaction, and resilience in Chinese college students compensated completely for the negative influence of loneliness on life satisfaction.
Autonomous Cooperative Search Model for Multi-UAV With Limited Communication Network

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the multi-UAV cooperative search has wide applications in the field of Internet of Things, such as resource exploration, emergency rescue, intelligent transportation, etc. However, the communication network in an unknown environment may be inaccessible, and the real-time information sharing among UAVs cannot be guaranteed, resulting in the failure of cooperative search. Aiming at this issue, this article is devoted to the design of the multi-UAV flight strategy to improve the cooperative search capability in an uncertain communication environment. Specifically, a new cooperative architecture oriented to a local communication network is devised to control the observation locations of multiple UAVs in the search process, and some local communication networks are established based on the distance among UAVs to meet the requirements of the search task. On this foundation, we develop a multi-UAV cooperative search model (MCSM) with communication cost and formation benefit as an optimization function to ensure the effectiveness of multi-UAV search. Moreover, in the process of model solving, an improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA) is presented with some different search strategies to enhance the optimization capability. To verify the superiority of the proposed method, we designed several groups of simulation experiments to analyze the performance of MCSM. Experimental results illustrate that our method can not only maintain high cooperative search accuracy but also has high stability and convergence speed.
The influence of training and career development opportunities on affective commitment: A South African higher education perspective

Orientation: Employees with affective commitment are significant assets to their organisations because they remain loyal even when faced with attractive external opportunities. Therefore, there is a need to understand how different organisational factors enhance the affective commitment of employees.Research purpose: The study aimed to investigate the impact of training and career development opportunities on affective commitment amongst employees at a selected higher education institution.Motivation of the study: Literature on the influence of training and career development opportunities on affective commitment is still limited in South Africa’s higher education sector, yet the sector requires a committed and highly skilled workforce.Research approach/design and method: Using a cross-sectional survey design, a quantitative approach was used to collect data from 274 employees at a selected South African higher education institution using a stratified sampling method. Item analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analyses were performed in analysing the data using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 software.Main findings: Significant positive correlations were found between training, career development opportunities, and affective commitment. However, the availability of career development opportunities was the most significant predictor of affective commitment.Practical/managerial implications: Higher learning institutions are encouraged to invest in various types of training for their employees. However, more funding should be directed to career development opportunities, as these influence affective commitment.Contribution/value-add: The CFA carried out in this study validates the use of the training, career development opportunities, and affective commitment scales in a South African setting.
Does Cyberostracism Reduce Prosocial Behaviors? The Protective Role of Psychological Resilience

To reduce the negative consequences of cyberostracism on prosocial behaviors, we developed a coping strategy based on psychological resilience, and revealed its effectiveness in combating the adverse effects of cyberostracism on prosocial behavior through two studies. Study 1 demonstrated that psychological resilience could mitigate the negative impact of cyberostracism on prosocial behaviors through experimental manipulation. By targeting continuously ostracized people with low resilience for an online self-help resilience intervention program, Study 2 confirmed that psychological resilience was effective in alleviating the detrimental effects of cyberostracism. These studies not only help us to recognize the negative effects of cyberostracism, but also extend Williams’ temporal need–threat model of ostracism in the context of online ostracism. As emerging technologies represent a promising new approach to intervention delivery, the most valuable contribution of this study is that we developed an online self-help psychological resilience intervention program that showed encouraging therapeutic effects and advantages for assisting in caring for a larger population of people who are at elevated risk for being cyberostracized.
Comparing Bird Assemblages in Catchment Areas of Two Hydroelectric Dams in Terengganu, Malaysia

The impact of dam construction on bird assemblages has been widely investigated in some regions, but bird diversity in catchment areas of hydroelectric dams during operation has been less studied. A high rate of forest regeneration around the affected area is expected to increase bird diversity. From September 2017 to February 2018, this study examined bird species richness and abundance in the Puah catchment area (PCA) and Tembat catchment area (TCA) in the Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Complex. PCA may be regarded as disturbed forest, while TCA comprises regenerating forest. This study conducted mist-netting and observations throughout the study period. This study recorded 204 individuals consisting of 62 bird species from 27 families. The Shannon diversity index for the birds captured was higher for TCA than for PCA, but the difference was insignificant. However, insectivorous bird diversity was significantly higher in TCA than in PCA, suggesting that feeding guilds are sensitive to habitat disturbance. Therefore, bird species diversity in both areas is expected to increase following habitat regeneration.
Depth effect on the prokaryotic community assemblage associated with sponges from different rocky reefs

Background Sponge microbiomes are essential for the function and survival of their host and produce biologically active metabolites, therefore, they are ideal candidates for ecological, pharmacologic and clinical research. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revealed that many factors, including the environment and host, determine the composition and structure of these symbiotic communities but the controls of this variation are not well described. This study assessed the microbial communities associated with two marine sponges of the genera Aplysina (Nardo, 1834) and Ircinia (Nardo, 1833) in rocky reefs from Punta Arena de la Ventana (Gulf of California) and Pichilingue (La Paz Bay) in the coast of Baja California Sur, México to determine the relative importance of environment and host in structuring the microbiome of sponges. Methods Specimens of Aplysina sp were collected by scuba diving at 10 m and 2 m; Ircinia sp samples were collected at 2 m. DNA of sponge-associated prokaryotes was extracted from 1 cm3 of tissue, purified and sent for 16S amplicon sequencing. Primer trimmed pair-ended microbial 16S rDNA gene sequences were merged using Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) Paired-end Reads Assembler. Chao1, Shannon and Simpson (alpha) biodiversity indices were estimated, as well permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), and Bray-Curtis distances. Results The most abundant phyla differed between hosts. Those phyla were: Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes. In Ircinia sp the dominant phylum was Acidobacteria. Depth was the main factor influencing the microbial community, as analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed a significant difference between the microbial communities from different depths. Conclusion Microbial diversity analysis showed that depth was more important than host in structuring the Aplysina sp and Ircinia sp microbiome. This observation contrast with previous reports that the sponge microbiome is highly host specific.
Factores influyentes en la mejora escolar. Un estudio de casos en las escuelas Freinet

INTRODUCCIÓN. La investigación ha demostrado que el liderazgo distribuido, la cultura colaborativa, la innovación educativa y la evaluación formativa son factores esenciales para impulsar procesos de mejora en los centros educativos. Por ello, esta investigación pretende describir y comprender de qué forma influyen los factores asociados a la mejora escolar en el aprendizaje del alumnado y el desarrollo profesional del profesorado. MÉTODO. Dada la naturaleza cualitativa de la investigación, se opta por un estudio de casos descriptivo-interpretativo en el que se analizan en profundidad cuatro escuelas Freinet de Lieja (Bélgica), que desarrollaron un proceso de mejora escolar de abajo-arriba para formar una red de centros. Los datos se recogieron mediante entrevistas en profundidad, análisis de documentos, observaciones participantes y no participantes de las prácticas docentes. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran que los cuatro factores han influido en el diseño de un Proyecto Educativo común a la red de escuelas, la implantación de seminarios de formación personalizada en los centros, la disminución de las ratios y la integración de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. DISCUSIÓN. La investigación sobre el proceso de mejora de abajo-arriba resulta fundamental para profundizar en el conocimiento sobre la formación de redes escolares.
On the module intersection graph of ideals of rings

Let R be a commutative ring and M an R-module. The M -intersection graph of ideals of R is an undirected simple graph, denoted by GM (R), whose vertices are non-zero proper ideals of R and two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if IM ∩ JM 6= 0. In this article, we focus on how certain graph theoretic parameters of GM (R) depend on the properties of both R and M . Specifically, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition for R and M such that the M -intersection graph GM (R) is either connected or complete. Also, we classify all R-modules according to the diameter value of GM (R). Further, we characterize rings R for which GM (R) is perfect or Hamiltonian or pancyclic or planar. Moreover, we show that the graph GM (R) is weakly perfect and cograph.
Design, modeling and control of inherently compliant actuators with a special consideration on agonist-anthropomorphic configuration

Design, modeling and control of inherently compliant actuators with a special consideration on agonist- antagonist anthropomorphic configuration" The research aims at the design, modeling and control of inherently compliant actuators for anthropomorphic systems. The first part of the work focuses on the study of various existing designs and look for the possibility of alternative actuators other than the conventional electric motors. Special attention is given to elctroactive polymer based soft actuators which have good potential in future robotic applications. In parallel, a model of the actuator dynamics and the model-based controller (MPC and optimal control) have been synthesized for an anthropomorphic 7 Dofs arm actuated by antagonist-agonist pair of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles (PAMs) at each joint. Such model and controller is then integrated within the software environment developed by the team. Using the PAMs based anthropomorphic manipulator arm and the numerical simulator, tests are done in order to evaluate the potential of this actuator and compare with the human body capabilities.
Two in one: the little bat that pollinates and disperses plants at an urban site in Southeastern Brazil

Abstract: The glossophagine Pallas’s long-tongued bat (Glossophaga soricina) fares well in urban environments across its range. In addition to roost sites, there are nectar and fruit sources available in diverse situations across the urban gradient. Phyllostomid bats that thrive in urbanized situations are behaviorally plastic generalists and rely on patches of ornamental or feral plants as food sources. Herein we report on G. soricina and its food sources at an urbanized site in Southeastern Brazil. This small phyllostomid bat consumes nectar from landscaping ornamental plants, besides consuming the soft pulp along with the tiny seeds of pioneer trees and shrubs. In addition to these natural sources, the bat exploits hummingbird feeders to consume the sugared water. Ingested small seeds are defecated in flight, the bat acting as a disperser of pioneer plants that favor cleared areas. Glossophaga soricina role as flower-pollinator and seed-disperser at Neotropical urban areas merits further attention due both to the maintenance of urban biodiversity and delivery of ecosystem services.
THE STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS GOOGLE TRANSLATE

Google Translate (GT) is a tool commonly used by those who learn translation in higher education. While the research on GT mostly evaluated GT through experimental design, very few studies have focused on student perceptions of GT. Hence, this research intends to investigate their students’ attitudes of GT performance. 24 students of higher education in Cimahi participated in the study. The data about students’ attitude include behavior, cognitive, and affective attitude. They were gathered through questionnaire and interview. The result revealed that in behavioral attitude, the students’ often use GT to check the meaning of unknown word and translating a sentence. Meanwhile, the cognitive attitude indicated that few students assume that GT is ethically acceptable regardless of how it is used because it is helpful in the language learning process. In the affective attitude, GT is positive because they felt like using GT in translation. Even, some of them felt helped by GT’s assistance and the other reason was GT was easy to use. In short, student’s regard GT as a useful tool in translation depending on the way how one uses the tool.
Effect of Using Raw and Treated Quinoa Seeds (Chenopodium Quinoa) in the Diet on the Productive Performance Characteristics of Broilers

The experiment aimed to study the use of different proportions of raw and treated Chenopodium quinoa seeds by soaking in the diet in order to identify the effect on the productive performance characteristics of broilers of 42 days of age. A 336 sexed broilers (Ross 308) were distributed randomly at one-day old, with an average initial weight of 39 g/chick, divided into seven treatments, 48 chicks/treatment, each treatment included three replicates, 16 chicks/replicate (8 males and 8 females). The chicks were fed on the starter diet (1-14) days of age, the grower diet of (15-28) days of age, and finisher diet (29-42) days of age, supplemented with raw quinoa seeds and treated by soaking as the first treatment (T1) was a control treatment without any addition. (T2) added 0.5% raw quinoa seeds, (T3) added 1% raw quinoa seeds, (T4) added 1.5% raw quinoa seeds, (T5) added 0.5% quinoa seeds treated with soaking, (T6) added 1% quinoa seeds treated with soaking, (T7) added 1. 5% quinoa seeds treated with soaking. The results showed a significant superiority (P<0.05) in the production performance in the final body weight rate, the total weight gain, and the cumulative feed consumption for the treatments of using raw and treated quinoa seeds (T2, T4, T5, T6, and T7) compared to the control treatment. It is concluded from the current study that the raw and treated quinoa seeds used in the broiler diet, and by increasing the concentrations, improved the production performance. Besides, this improvement appears obviously at the level of 1.5% of the seeds treated by soaking.