Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
School Principals Administrative Competency: Teachers Views

School principals are key factors in schools. Their selection, appointment and training procedures differ in many countries. The Turkish educational system has undergone significant transformation that has radically changed the expectations placed upon the school principals. According to the current law in Turkey, they are appointed to their posts for four years after an interview conducted by the governor, provincial director of the Ministry of National Education (MEB) and Chief/Deputy Administrator. In recent years, a lot of principals have been appointed to their posts in this way, which is criticized rigorously by educational environments as experience and qualification in school administration are not prioritized. This implementation makes their administrative competency become more contradicted than ever. Therefore, this qualitative research offers some insights into their competencies by investigating teachers’ opinions about their principals’ administrative competency in the profession as well as in the Turkish educational context in terms of their behaviors of instructional leadership, organizational development and creating a positive school culture. The emerging evidence highlights that the principals of this sample are not experienced and competent enough in all the competency areas researched in this study.
A Cross-sectional Examination of the Association Between Parental Distress and the Well-being of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its concomitant impacts have been unevenly shared across society, this is particularly true for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), who often rely on a network of services and social connections for their well-being. Children with NDD during the COVID-19 pandemic have had worrying trends regarding their worsening well-being and poorer parental mental health. This study’s aim was to test whether these two factors were associated in a survey of Australian parents.Methods: This cross-sectional study of Australian parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (n = 304, ages 2 – 17, 63.8% male) sought to test the association between parental distress (as captured by the Kessler-6 distress scale) and two child outcomes, worsening NDD symptoms and worsening health behaviours (i.e., sleep, diet, exercise, and media use). Results: Parent distress was significantly associated with a worsening of symptoms of NDD and associated mental health comorbidities, and poorer child well-being. These results were significant even when including other variables of interest such as the families’ sociodemographic characteristics, indicating parental distress is a key factor for the well-being of children and parents.Conclusions: Overall, this study found relatively high levels of parental psychological distress, anxiety and poor well-being and demonstrated that parental psychological distress was significantly associated with parent-reported worsening of child diagnostic symptoms as well as poorer child well-being in relation to sleep, diet, exercise, and use of electronics. Together these findings suggest that deteriorating parental mental health (distress) due to COVID-19 is associated with adverse child mental health symptoms and well-being, as indexed by the behaviours described above.
Virtual voice assistant applications improved expressive verbal abilities and social interactions in children with autism spectrum disorder: a Single-Subject experimental study

The use of interactive technologies has been demonstrated to enhance verbal and non-verbal communication, as well as the social interaction tendencies of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We examined effects of using Virtual Voice Assistant (VVAs) in children with ASD with respect to two outcomes: speech skills and social interaction skills. A single-case study included three children with ASD (4–11 years old) that utilized VVAs for three months. Pre- and post-intervention questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to measure the communication and social interaction skills of the participating children. Participant One, Two and Three showed improvement in the number of correct words produced the VVA intervention. All participants showed increases in social interactions in the intervention phase. Overall, the results showed that the VVAs had positive effects on the speech and social interaction skills of autistic children. The findings demonstrate that children with ASD may benefit from VVAs to improve their communication skills.
R&D capacity and the innovation collaboration paradox: the moderating role of the appropriation strategy

ABSTRACT R&D capacity is claimed to be a stimulant for open innovation. We argue that after a specific level of R&D investment, firms diminish their external innovation collaboration due to the risk of knowledge imitation and unwanted spillovers, which generates a concave relationship between the two variables. This concave relationship can be flattened if an appropriation strategy is applied. Using 3815 firm observations from the German Mannheim Innovation Panel (MIP) in 2013 and 2017, our regression results support our hypotheses. Theoretically, our study suggests that the absorptive capacity literature should consider the potential negative impact of internal R&D capacity on openness. Similarly, economists should approach knowledge spillovers as a manageable issue if an appropriation strategy is present. Specifically, appropriation stimulates openness by playing a double role in protecting internal knowledge against imitation while also sending a quality signal for external partners to collaborate. This effect is driven by the presence of an appropriation strategy regardless of its form or strength.
Quantifying genetic differences between exported dairy bull calves and those sold for domestic beef production

Graphical Abstract Summary: While many progeny from dairy herds are reared domestically for eventual processing as prime cattle, many are processed as calves to supply the veal market. Although no veal industry exists in Ireland, a selection of dairyborn calves traded privately or in livestock auctions are purchased for export to continental Europe for veal production. This study demonstrated that genetic variability does exist in which Holstein-Friesian male calves are chosen for export versus retained domestically for eventual slaughter at an older age (i.e., >1 yr of age); in fact, 4% of the variability of whether a purchased bull calf was exported could be attributable to underlying genetic differences. No strong genetic correlation was evident between whether a calf was exported (for veal) and the expression of carcass merit in prime cattle relatives. Moreover, not accounting for these exported calves in national carcass genetic evaluations is not a cause of concern for the potential introduction of bias.
Contraception decision making by Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Australian youth: an exploratory study

ABSTRACT Context Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) youth may become early parents, with some aspiring to parenthood. Yet, the factors that influence CALD youths contraceptive decision-making are less well known, although important for designing appropriate contraception use support programmes for this population. This study aimed to explore the contraception decision-making patterns of CALD Australian youth, in-addition to investigating the factors that influence their use of contraception services. Methods We conducted focus groups with 27 CALD youth (ages 16-24) to explore their 1) their contraception use 1) decision-making, 2) information sources, and 3) priority services. For the data synthesis, we utilized thematic analysis to characterize the CALD youth contraception use orientation. Results Three themes emerged from the data: 1) the prevalent use of fail-safe contraception methods to minimize personal anxiety, 2) the reliance on online rather than in-person information sources, and 3) the importance to minimize risk for social stigma from use of contraception. Conclusions CALD Australian youth reported being competent in self-managing their contraception use decisions. Contraption decision support for CALD youth should address their anxieties about the risk of contraception failure and concerns regarding social stigmas. KEY POINTS What is already known: (1) Australian young females from racial and language minority background communities become parents at younger ages than those from the general Australian population. (2) Some look forward to becoming parents earlier rather than later in their lives. What this topic adds: (1) We unraveled decision making processes and tools the teenagers prefer to use outside conventional understandings. (2) Cultural psychology beliefs rooted in family social protections are an overriding decision influence in contraception choices. (3) Peers were less trusted partners in sexual decisions compared to use of online services.
Theoretical Description of the Hydrodynamic Process after Barrier Lake Formation and Emergency Responses Implementation

Barrier lakes are secondary disasters with associated landslides and debris flow that can cause serious damage to the downstream populations and areas. Existing studies are lacking in comprehensive descriptions of the rescue process, where the main channel streamflow varies and topographic erosion develops, as well as engineering disposal performs. This paper aimed to theoretically investigate the formation and emergency responses to barrier lakes using on-the-spot investigation and calculus theory. The results showed that the formation of a barrier lake led to a sudden variation in the flow-change rate (normal to infinite). However, after implementing emergency measures, this rate returned to normal. The whole rescue process could be regarded as the accumulation of disposal effects. Volume changes in the main streams were expressed by a differential equation of the lake surface area and water level variations. In addition, a corresponding theoretical description of flow discharges was also given when engineering measures such as the excavation of diversion channels and engineering blasting were adopted. Specifically, the theoretical expressions of flow discharge were given respectively in the developing stage and breach stable stage after the excavation of diversion channels. The flow discharge through certain sections was also described theoretically when engineering blasting was chosen to widen and deepen the cross-section of the diversion channels. Overall, this paper mathematicizes and theorizes the existing emergency measures, which helps to better understand their implementation principles and application requirements.
PENGGUNAAN E-LEARNING PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DARING

Dunia pendidikan di Indonesia sekarang sedang melaksanakan proses pembelajaran daring karena pandemi yang sangat luar biasa. Proses pembelajaran dipaksa untuk dilakukan secara jarak jauh. Maka e-learning merupakan salah satu solusi yang tepat untuk mendukung pembelajaran daring saat ini, bahkan bisa menjadi variasi baru dalam pembelajaran normal nantinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka dengan mengumpulkan data dari buku dan media digital. Fokus pada pengertian, manfaat, dan keunggulan dari media e-learning. Maka ditemukan bahwa penggunaan e-learning memiliki beberapa keunggulan yang tepat digunakan pada saat pandemi covid-19 saat ini. Pertama, lebih murah biaya yang digunakan sehingga membantu orang tua peserta didik yang ekonominya terdampak pandemi. Kedua, lebih fleksibel tempat dan waktu maka dapat digunakan kapan saja dan dimana saja sesuai dengan kondisi peserta didik. Ketiga, kemandirian dalam belajar bagi peserta didik untuk membantu mereka mampu bertanggung jawab pada diri mereka sendiri. Keempat, penguasaan teknologi informatika meningkat bagi guru dan peserta didik. Kelima, kualitas materi yang baik dengan sumber yang bervariasi. Keenam, dapat diperbaharui setiap waktu tanpa memerlukan biaya untuk distribusi dan cetaknya. Namun semua keunggulan dapat dinikmati dengan maksimal ketika e-learning dibuat dengan ketentuan yang benar. Seperti menggunakan bahasa yang populer, singkat dan jelas dalam menjelaskan materinya. Kemudian, memuat kompetensi pembelajaran, penjelasan materi, tugas dan tes yang harus peserta didik kerjakan, menampilkan sumber bacaan sebegai pendukung penjelasan, dll.
Real-Time Data Assimilation in Welding Operations Using Thermal Imaging and Accelerated High-Fidelity Digital Twinning

Welding operations may be subjected to different types of defects when the process is not properly controlled and most defect detection is done a posteriori. The mechanical variables that are at the origin of these imperfections are often not observable in situ. We propose an offline/online data assimilation approach that allows for joint parameter and state estimations based on local probabilistic surrogate models and thermal imaging in real-time. Offline, the surrogate models are built from a high-fidelity thermomechanical Finite Element parametric study of the weld. The online estimations are obtained by conditioning the local models by the observed temperature and known operational parameters, thus fusing high-fidelity simulation data and experimental measurements.
Compact Leaky-Wave SIW Antenna With Broadside Radiation and Dual-Band Operation for CubeSats

This letter presents a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna for CubeSat applications. The compact structure utilizes middle-point feeding and shorting walls to achieve broadside radiation in the far-field at two distinct frequencies. In particular, this dual-frequency behavior is related to the transition from a dominant leaky wave (LW) on the aperture at lower frequencies to more hybrid radiation (at higher frequencies) due to LW fields and structure resonance due to truncation. This response is generated by the shorting vias at the lateral ends of the SIW antenna. Given these conditions, the developed leaky-wave antenna (LWA) prototype is well matched (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$|S_{11}|$</tex-math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\leq$</tex-math></inline-formula> −10 dB) from 23.2 to 23.5 GHz and 24.8 to 25.2 GHz with realized gains of 8 and 6 dBi, respectively. Maximum efficiency (including the connector) is around 87%. Such dual-frequency operation could enable up-link and down-link operation in the K-band. Overall dimensions of the antenna are 2 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _0$</tex-math></inline-formula> × 2.6 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _0$</tex-math></inline-formula> (at the lower frequency). Possible placement on CubeSats can be underneath solar panels, thus increasing the available surface area for solar power harvesting. Also, to the best knowledge of the authors, no similar dual-frequency SIW-LWA has been previously reported.
APOBEC3 activity promotes the survival and evolution of drug-tolerant persister cells during acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer

APOBEC mutagenesis is one of the most common endogenous sources of mutations in human cancer and is a major source of genetic intratumor heterogeneity. High levels of APOBEC mutagenesis are associated with poor prognosis and aggressive disease across diverse cancers, but the mechanistic and functional impacts of APOBEC mutagenesis on tumor evolution and therapy resistance remain relatively unexplored. To address this, we investigated the contribution of APOBEC mutagenesis to acquired therapy resistance in a model of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. We find that inhibition of EGFR in lung cancer cells leads to a rapid and pronounced induction of APOBEC3 expression and activity. Functionally, APOBEC expression promotes the survival of drug-tolerant persister cells (DTPs) following EGFR inhibition. Constitutive expression of APOBEC3B alters the evolutionary trajectory of acquired resistance to the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, making it more likely that resistance arises through de novo acquisition of the T790M gatekeeper mutation and squamous transdifferentiation during the DTP state. APOBEC3B expression is associated with increased expression of the squamous cell transcription factor ΔNp63 and squamous cell transdifferentiation in gefitinib-resistant cells. Knockout of ΔNp63 in gefitinib-resistant cells reduces the expression of the p63 target genes IL1α/β and sensitizes these cells to the third-generation EGFR inhibitor osimertinib. These results suggest that APOBEC activity promotes acquired resistance by facilitating evolution and transdifferentiation in DTPs, and suggest that approaches to target ΔNp63 in gefitinib-resistant lung cancers may have therapeutic benefit.
Harmine Augments the Cytotoxic and Anti-invasive Potential of Temozolomide Against Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered the deadliest human cancer. Temozolomide is now a part of postresection standard chemotherapy for this type of cancer. Unfortunately, resistance to temozolomide is a major obstacle to treatment success. Combination therapy with natural anticancer agents increases the activity of temozolomide against cancer cells. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of temozolomide in combination with harmine against GBM cells. Methods: Cancer cells were treated with temozolomide and/or harmine. After 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, the viability of the cells was assessed by the MTT test. The combination index and dose reduction index were determined by CompuSyn software. Tumor invasion potential was investigated by evaluating cell migration, invasion, and adhesion. The real-time PCR technique was done to study the expression pattern of two genes involved in cancer cell invasion. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test, and differences were considered non-significant at P > 0.05. Results: After treatment with temozolomide, cell viability showed a concentration- and time-dependent decrease, and the cells’ survival rate decreased. The combination of temozolomide and harmine had a synergistic effect. Also, temozolomide and/or harmine treatment decreased cancer cells’ migration, invasion, and adhesion potentials, as well as the expression of metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in T98G cells. Conclusions: The combination of temozolomide and harmine can be promising for the successful treatment of GBM.
Investigations of nonlinear induction motor model using the Gudermannian neural networks

This study aims to solve the nonlinear fifth-order induction motor model (FO-IMM) using the Gudermannian neural networks (GNNs) along with the optimization procedures of global search as a genetic algorithm together with the quick local search process as active-set technique (GNN-GA-AST). GNNs are executed to discretize the nonlinear FO-IMM to prompt the fitness function in the procedure of mean square error. The exactness of the GNN-GA-AST is observed by comparing the obtained results with the reference results. The numerical performances of the stochastic GNN-GA-AST are provided to tackle three different variants based on the nonlinear FO-IMM to authenticate the consistency, significance and efficacy of the designed stochastic GNN-GA-AST. Additionally, statistical illustrations are available to authenticate the precision, accuracy and convergence of the designed stochastic GNN-GA-AST.
Relationships to Bushfire among Residents Who Do Not Typically Participate in Community Engagement in Victoria, Australia

Abstract There are calls to consider the views of the diverse public in bushfire policy, planning, and management, yet those who do not typically participate in social research and/or government community engagement activities are generally under-represented. A mixed method research design was used, including a survey, intercept and in-depth interviews to study a diversity of views. Concepts of social values, knowledge and practices were drawn on first to examine participants’ relationship to bushfire and second to discuss bushfire engagement. We identified and analyzed three relationships to bushfire: Irrelevant to me; Terror at my door; A rural concern. Participants’ values were more focused on people, pets, and special things than in earlier research and they generally perceived bushfire as solely a domain for experts. There is an opportunity to find ways to resonate with their values and relationships to bushfire, and to shape bushfire research and practice.
Propofol inhibits cells migration and invasion via HOTAIR/miR-93/HIF-1α-mediated lactate secretion in colon cancer

Propofol, a common intravenous anesthetic used in clinical, has been shown to regulate cells proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis and metastasis as well as exerting anti-cancer effect in several different types of cancer. However, the functions and mechanisms of propofol in lactate secretion and invasion of cancer cells remain unknown. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the role of propofol in cells migration and invasion of colon cancer (CRC). Scratches assay, Transwell assay were used to detect colon cells migration and invasion. Realtime Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blotting were utilized to detect the expression of related molecules. Dual-luciferase assay was performed to identify transcriptional activity of target genes, RNA pulldown assay was used to confirm the interactions of RNAs. Results indicated that propofol inhibited cell migration and invasion through suppressing lactic acid production in CRC. Moreover, propofol reduced lactic acid production by down-regulating the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4). In addition, propofol inhibited the expression of HIF-1α and cells migration/invasion via suppressing the interaction of HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) with miR-93. The present study indicated that propofol inhibited colon cancer cell migration and invasion by reducing lactic acid production and the expression of HIF-1α and MCT4 via HOTAIR/miR-93 axis. These data may provide potential metabolic targets for CRC treatment.
Direct and indirect associations among self-disclosure skills, social support, and psychosocial outcomes during the transition to college

The goal of current study was to explore direct and indirect associations between self-disclosure skills, social support, and psychosocial outcomes during the transition to college. Incoming college students in the U.S. completed online surveys throughout their first academic year. Multilevel mediation analyses revealed different associations among these variables (1) when considering different relational sources of support (family, friend, significant other) and (2) when specifying interindividual (i.e., between-person) versus intraindividual (i.e., within-person) effects across time. Most notably, results indicated that more friend support was associated with better psychosocial outcomes both between and within participants; in comparison, family support was beneficial to both positive and negative psychosocial outcomes when individuals generally had better self-disclosure skills (i.e., between-person effects), and perceived significant other support as a mediator explained positive psychosocial outcomes. These results highlight the importance of considering both intraindividual and interindividual changes, as well as relational context, when exploring how social skills are associated with well-being.