Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION AND COLOUR ANALYSIS OF CHOLESTEROL-REDUCED EGG YOLK POWDER

Dietary cholesterol should be limited to less than 200 mg/day. A single large egg yolk contains approximately 275 mg of cholesterol. Thus, consumption of a single egg yolk exceeds the recommended daily intake of cholesterol. This study was focused on determination of the effect of addition of increasing amount of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to encapsulate cholesterol in egg yolk. The quality of cholesterol-reduced egg yolk powder was evaluated by determining its nutritional composition and colour analysis. Increasing amount of β-CD (0 – 15 mM) was added in liquid egg yolk and the encapsulated cholesterol in the form of precipitate was removed. The supernatant was dried and the end product; cholesterol-reduced egg yolk powder (CREYP) was analyzed for moisture content, total lipid, fatty acids content, protein and colour. There were no significant difference (p > 0.05) in term of total solid content. However, protein content of CREYP was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced up to 7 mM β-CD and no further significant reduction was noticed with further addition of β-cyclodextrin. The appearance of the powder became lighter in colour as validated using chromameter; L*, a*, b*, C* and h values. The results obtained from this study indicate that cholesterol can be successfully removed from egg yolk. However, slight reduction in protein content was observed. Nutritional composition of CREYP was minimally affected with the removal of encapsulated cholesterol. Therefore, cholesterolreduced egg yolk powder can be utilized as an essential ingredient in any egg yolk based products.
Giant Radio Pulses from a Millisecond Pulsar

We have observed 1.7 × 106 individual pulses from the millisecond pulsar PSR B1937+21. About one pulse in 10,000 has more than 20 times the mean “pulse-on” flux density, and individual pulses as large as 300 times the average were observed. Comparable behavior has previously been observed only for the Crab pulsar. Giant pulses from PSR B1937+21 are seen in both the main pulse and interpulse components, and their amplitude distribution has roughly a power-law shape. Strong pulses differ greatly from the average emission: they are narrower, systematically delayed by some 40-50 μs, and many are nearly 100% circularly polarized. In addition to their potential importance for elucidating the physics of the emission region, the giant pulses may be useful for high precision timing measurements.
Gaining and Losing Competitive Advantage 1

Efficient policies to stimulate the competitiveness of firms require knowledge of future firm-strategies and a proper assessment of the location advantages of a country or region. Therefore, industry comparative advantage analysis needs to be complemented by firm competitive advantage analysis. This yields four hypotheses of firm strategies on the basis of the existing advantage combination. Detailed empirical analysis of a representative sample of Austrian manufacturing firms during 19902000 shows that changes in employment, value-added and exports are in line with the suggested development. Three of the 3-digit industries lost their advantages while seven industries gained advantages, yet overall industry distribution has been remarkable stable over the four advantage combinations. In terms of number of firms, however, a large share (30%) of the total population shifts between advantage combinations even during short periods of time. The firm strategies outlined suggest a differentiated policy approach, yet the short-term dynamics revealed empirically imply a high potential for policy failure.
Evaluation of Eruption Potential

�Synopsis This manuscript proposed a concept ‘eruption potential’ and discussed its contents and data and knowledge necessary for its evaluation. As one example, eruption potential at Sakurajima volcano was shown: possibility of eruption in a few decades, possible styles of eruption, eruption scenarios and expected hazards. In Japan, similar evaluation as Sakurajima might be possible at about 20 volcanoes among 108 active volcanoes. At other volcanoes, it is difficult to evaluate eruption potential.
Inclusion of the Public in the Natural Capital, Ecosystem Services and Green Infrastructure Assessments (Results of Structured Interviews with Stakeholders of Commune Liptovská Teplička)

Abstract Nowadays, topics like natural capital assessment, ecosystem services and green infrastructure have become frequent subjects of a number of national and international projects accomplished on local, regional, national and cross-frontier levels. These projects respond to the deterioration of biotopes due to their fragmentation and degradation as a result of constructions and tourism/recreation. This situation requires an economic assessment of ecosystems from the view point of their capacities to satisfy human necessities with simultaneous conservation of the environmental quality, and the optimal status of landscape diversity both in rural and urban areas. The aim of the Green Infrastructure initiative is to stop the loss of land as an irreplaceable natural resource and to contribute to the inclusion of ecological and sustainability aspects into the spatial planning and regional development in rural and urban areas. Green Infrastructure is the tool that may reduce the loss of ecosystem services connected with future occupation of land and improve functions of land. It may support ecological measures aimed at conservation of agricultural landscape and adoption of measures in the sphere of forest and water economies. Important role in the assessment of ecosystems is played not only by the scientists but also by experts and the public at large. This is the reason why ever more stakeholders possessing knowledge of local territory and personal life experience participate in these projects. Their judgments and views, often bearing information important for the above-mentioned assessment, are applied to proposed measures aimed at the improvement of environmental quality and quality of life in terms of sustainability. This article brings the possible example of how to include a selected sample of stakeholders into the assessment of natural capital and ecosystem services on local level in the frame of Green Infrastructure. The aim of this paper is to analyse attitudes of the involved for the evaluation of natural capital and ecosystem services at a local level by means of structured interviews. Obtained views will be applied for the assessment of ecosystem services and proposals aimed at protection and conservation of natural capital and building of green infrastructure. The research was carried out in the model territory of the rural commune Liptovská Teplička.
Construction ruled surfaces from scattered data by Kohonen network

In this paper a new approach is presented, where first an artificial neural network is used to order the data and form a grid of control vertices with quadrilateral topology, hence after this step the original, well-known freeform methods can be applied to construct the ruled surface. The Plücker coordinates of the projective lines will be also applied.
Multiobjective Optimization Method for Drawbead and Blank-Holder Force Design in Sheet Metal Forming Process

Present study describes the approach of applying Multi-Objective optimization method to optimizing of sheet metal forming Die. In many studies, Finite element analysis and optimization technique have been integrated to solve the optimal process parameters of sheet metal forming by transforming multi-objective problem into a single-objective problem. This paper aims to minimize the objective functions of fracture and wrinkle simultaneously. Design variables are blank-holding force and draw-bead geometry. Response surface model has been used for design of experiment and finding relationships between variables and objective functions. In designing of experiments v-optimal design has been used which minimizes the average prediction error variance, to obtain accurate predictions. Forming Limit Curve has been used to define the objective functions. Finite element analysis applied for simulating the forming process. Proposed approach has been investigated on a drawing part and experimentally verified. The optimal design showed a good agreement with experimental species. It has been observed that proposed approach provides an effective solution to design of process parameters without a the ‘trial and error’ procedure.
Overexpression of E 3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif 32 correlates with a poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer

Tripartite motif protein (TRIM) 32 belongs to the TRIM family, which is composed of RING finger, B‐box and coiled-coil domains. TRIM32 has been reported to function as an enzyme 3 ubiquitin ligase and is overexpressed in numerous types of cancer. The present study evaluated the clinical significance of TRIM32 expression levels in gastric cancer. The current study also investigated the TRIM32 expression levels in 142 patients with gastric cancer using immunohistochemistry and examined its clinical importance and potential as a prognostic marker. Furthermore, the function of TRIM32 was examined in vitro. High TRIM32 expression levels were detected in gastric cancer tissues. The postoperative overall and relapse‐free survival rates were significantly reduced in patients with tumors with high levels of TRIM32 expression compared with those with tumors expressing low levels of TRIM32. Tumors expressing high levels of TRIM32 were associated with an increased risk of postoperative recurrence, particularly hematogenous recurrence. Multivariate analysis identified TRIM32 status as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, TRIM32 gene silencing induced apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Therefore, TRIM32 expression levels may be of potential prognostic value in gastric cancer.
Identifying Polysemous Words and Inferring Sense Glosses in a Semantic Network

The present paper aims at detecting polysemous words from their hypernyms. For instance, a native speaker knowing that the French word frégate (frigate) is a ship and a bird can easily guess that frégate is polysemous. Indeed, it is difficult to conceive something being both a ship and a bird at the same time. We can say that those two hypernyms are "incompatible". If one had a list of all incompatible hypernyms (which will be referred as incompatibility rules later in this paper), one could easily detect polysemous words. Is it possible to create such a list ? Can it be done automatically ? To answer these questions we experimented on the French lexical-semantic network JeuxDeMots, Lafourcade (2007), which a free and open resource. Identifying polysemous words is crucial in order to understand a text. It is usually done by detecting high density components in co-occurrence graphs created from large corpora, as in Véronis (2003). Similar methods have been used by Dorow and Widdows (2003) and Ferret (2004) to discover word senses also in corpora. To detect the different dense areas of their graphs, Dorow and Widdows (2003) used the Markov Cluster Algorithm, van Dongen (2000). These methods are very effective, but they highly depend on the corpora used to create the graphs which might induce many biases. To choose the proper glosses for naming the different word senses, Dorow and Widdows (2003) used the hypernyms present in the lexical network WordNet, Fellbaum (1998). WordNet is also used by Ferret (2004) to evaluate his results. We experimented our approach on the French lexical-semantic network JeuxDeMots, and there is no other complete enough french resources equivalent to WordNet to automatically compare our results to. Hence, we had to rely on some manual evaluation. In this paper, we will first present the JeuxDeMots network and some of its specificities. Then, we will detail the method we used (a) for generating list of incompatible hypernym and then (b) for inferring glosses for naming word senses, followed by some evaluations.
The Role of Foreign-Educated Scholars in Turkey’s Higher Education System: A Narrative Study of Two English Language Teacher Educators

In recent decades, the Republic of Turkey has undertaken a program of reform aimed at modernizing its higher education system. This endeavor has included a comprehensive restructuring of the nation’s public universities. In order to meet the urgent need for highly qualified faculty members to staff its state-run higher education institutions, the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) has turned to a government-sponsored study abroad program through which competitively selected individuals receive funding to pursue graduate degrees at North American and European universities in exchange for service in the Turkish university system. However, due to significant non-return rates of sponsored students and a lack of transparency within the program, its goals have been closely scrutinized; amid these concerns, the contributions of those who do return appear in some cases to go unnoticed. Thus, in order to illuminate the experiences of returning scholars, this study explored the accounts of two English language teachers who received doctoral degrees from foreign institutions, then returned to Turkey to serve as teacher educators. Critical theory was utilized in order to investigate the oppressive power relationships inherent in the Turkish higher education system. The results revealed that as much as these foreign-educated scholars contributed to their respective universities, their ability to provide lasting benefits to Turkish education was minimized by the systemic and bureaucratic barriers they encountered; therefore, the higher education system was unable to achieve the desired goals of the study abroad program
UNDERINVOICING OF EXPORTS, OVERINVOICING OF IMPORTS,AND THE DOLLAR PREMIUM ON THE BLACK MARKET

This paper is divided in two parts. The first is a theoretical development of the question of under or overinvoicing of exports and imports within the context of a model of choice between risky and secure assets. The second part attempts to ascertain the empirical evidence for the Brazilian economy. It is concluded that the hypothesis that the black market dollar premium plays a role in this process can not be rejected.
Deformation potentials for Δ1 minimum of conduction band of single crystals n-Ge

Deformation potentials eV and eV for ∆ 1 minimum of conduction band of single crystals n-Ge are defined on the basis of theory of the anisotropic scattering and experimental data of longitudinal piezo resistance for single crystals n-Ge for the case, when P||J||[100]. Pressure coefficients for ∆ 1 minimum under uniaxial pressure along crystallographic directions [100], [110] [111] and hydrostatic pressure have been calculated taking into account the given parameters. The results show that the inversion of (L 1 -∆ 1 ) type of absolute minimum in single crystals n-Ge can be implemented under hydrostatic and uniaxial pressures P||J||[100] і P||J||[110].
UK Small Animal Disease Surveillance Report with a focus on pruritus and coagulase positive staphylococci

Presentation for pruritus comprised 6.5%, 3.6% and 2.0% of canine, feline and rabbit consultations, respectively. The most commonly prescribed pruritus treatments were topical antimicrobials for dogs (33.6% of consultations) and systemic glucocorticoids for cats (53.5%). Sixteen percent of 176 coagulase positive staphylococci (CoPS) isolated from canine diagnostic samples were sensitive to all tested antibacterial classes; multi-drug resistance (resistance to three or more antibacterial classes) was found in 6.9%. UK SADS Report Page 2 of 10 Sánchez-Vizcaíno et al.
Cranial Morphology of the Baenid Turtles

The family Baenidae is a group of extinct cryptodiran turtles known from more than a dozen well-preserved skulls from the Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene. The baenid skull is characterized by significant generalized features in the skull roofand basicranium that are consistent with their hypothesized relationship as the sister group to the living cryptodires, the Eucryptodira. The arterial canals of the skull are preserved in enough specimens to conclude that baenids had an arterial pattern characterized by a large and well-developed canalis stapedio-temporalis and a small but persistent canalis caroticus lateralis.
Global Risk Aversion Spillover Dynamics and Investors' Attention Allocation

This paper investigates market-wide risk aversion in an international setting. Particularly, this empirical study evaluates risk aversion spillover dynamics as an uncertainty transmission mechanism for the period 2000-2015 to reveal if there has been a significant change in these dynamics when markets are going through turbulent periods. As a plausible proxy for risk aversion, variance risk premium (VRP) is computed through the difference between expected variances under risk-neutral and physical measures for seven markets studied: United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Netherlands, Switzerland and Japan. Effects of a shock to U.S. VRP on the other markets' VRPs are evaluated through Generalized Forecast Error Variance Decomposition. Results show that risk aversion spillovers from U.S. to other markets are stronger while the U.S. is going through turbulent periods confirming the intuition that investors are more focused on incidents in the turbulent market. Markets become more connected in terms of sentiments when a country is unexpectedly hit by a major crisis, limiting diversification opportunities.
FBG 1 Is the Final Arbitrator of A 1 ATZ Degradation

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is the leading cause of childhood liver failure and one of the most common lethal genetic diseases. The disease-causing mutant A1AT-Z fails to fold correctly and accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the liver, resulting in hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in a subset of patients. Furthermore, A1AT-Z sequestration in hepatocytes leads to a reduction in A1AT secretion into the serum, causing panacinar emphysema in adults. The purpose of this work was to elucidate the details by which A1AT-Z is degraded in hepatic cell lines. We identified the ubiquitin ligase FBG1, which has been previously shown to degrade proteins by both the ubiquitin proteasome pathway and autophagy, as being key to A1AT-Z degradation. Using chemical and genetic approaches we show that FBG1 degrades A1AT-Z through both the ubiquitin proteasome system and autophagy. Overexpression of FBG1 decreases the half-life of A1AT-Z and knocking down FBG1 in a hepatic cell line, and in mice results in an increase in ATAT. Finally, we show that FBG1 degrades A1AT-Z through a Beclin1-dependent arm of autophagy. In our model, FBG1 acts as a safety ubiquitin ligase, whose function is to re-ubiquitinate ER proteins that have previously undergone de-ubiquitination to ensure they are degraded.
Orius albidipennis (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae): Intraguild predation of and prey preference for Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on different host plants

A widespread interaction in natural enemy populations is intraguild predation (IGP), the intensity and outcome of which may be influenced by several factors. This study examined the influence of host plant characteristics on IGP between Orius albidipennis (Reuter) and Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) in laboratory experiments. The intraguild predation between the two predators was bi-directional, but predation by N. cucumeris on O. albidipennis is presumably of negligible importance. Orius albidipennis preyed uponmite eggs and adults in the absence of Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), but in its presence predation on mite eggs was abandoned and predation on adult mites unchanged (sweet pepper) or reduced (eggplant, cucumber). The IGP-level of O. albidipennis on N. cucumeris was highest on sweet pepper and lowest on cucumber. Inclusion of host plant aspects in evaluations of the IGPpotential between predators intended for simultaneous applications for biocontrol is thus of importance.
The simple moderation model and its use in business research

EnglishThe objective of this paper is to present the simple moderation model as a resource for testing research hypotheses in the field of business. The following topics are addressed: i) presentation of the simple moderation model - assumptions, conceptual and statistical diagrams, and model equations; ii) probing the moderating effect; and iii) recommendations on how to report it in scholarly articles. We hope to contribute to the field by disseminating the technique and good practices for presenting statistical analyses in academic articles. portuguesO objetivo deste artigo e apresentar o modelo de moderacao simples como recurso para o teste de hipoteses de pesquisa no campo da Administracao. Sao abordados os seguintes topicos: i) apresentacao do modelo de moderacao simples – pressupostos, diagramas conceitual e estatistico, e equacoes do modelo; ii) probing do efeito de moderacao; e iii) recomendacoes de como reporta-lo em artigos academicos. Espera-se contribuir com a disseminacao da tecnica e com boas praticas de apresentacao de analises estatisticas em artigos academicos.
Generalized spherical harmonic expansion of a solenoidal vector.

In Eqs. (1) and (2), Sml and Tml are functions of the radius only, and Yml (ƒÆ, ƒÓ) are the spherical harmonics with angular order land azimuthal order m (Subsection 2.1). It is verified that the poloidal and toroidal fields are solenoidal; the divergence is zero. In this note we use an alternative approach developed by BURRIDGE (1969) and PHINNEY and BURRIDGE (1973). Instead of (1) and (2), certain complex linear combinations (contravariant canonical components) are expanded in terms of the generalized spherical harmonics (Subsection 2.3). This formalism has been used extensively in seismology to simplify the manipulation in spherical coordinates (e.g., WOODHOUSE, 1980; MOCHIZVKI, 1986). It is a good time to review the formalism,
Contributions of anoxygenic and oxygenic phototrophy and chemolithotrophy to carbon and oxygen fluxes in aquatic environments.

Estimates of aquatic primary productivity at local, regional or global scales commonly concentrate on oxygenic photolithotrophy. The analysis presented here briefly considers the occur- rence and metabolism of other autotrophs sensu lato, i.e. not just the organisms with an autotrophic inorganic carbon assimilation machinery. These other autotrophs include chemolithotrophs and anoxygenic photolithotrophs, of which some use the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle as do oxy- genic photolithotrophs, while others use one of 4 other pathways. The category of other autotrophs also includes organisms that possess photochemical energy transduction machinery but lack autotrophic carbon assimilation; light stimulates the growth rates of these autotrophs and/or in- creases the fraction of the organic carbon substrate used that is converted into cell material when using light energy. Organisms lacking autotrophic inorganic carbon assimilation influence food webs by increasing the rate, or efficiency, of conversion of dissolved organic carbon ultimately derived from autotrophic inorganic carbon assimilation into particulate organic carbon. Chemolithotrophs and anoxygenic autotrophs today depend on the activities of oxygenic chemolithotrophs for one or more of their growth substrates, and thus contribute to global net primary productivity but not to global gross primary productivity. Global net aquatic primary productivity by oxygenic photo- lithotrophs is at least 50 Pg C yr -1 , while chemolithotrophs and anoxygenic photolithotrophs together contribute about 0.40 Pg C yr -1 . Before the occurrence of oxygenic photolithotrophs in the Archaean, chemolithotrophs and anoxygenic photolithotrophs had a net primary productivity of about 3.4 Pg C yr -1 , which is higher than the present values largely because anoxygenic photolithotrophs were able to inhabit the euphotic zone worldwide.