Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of incidents and events in urban networks

Events and incidents are relatively rare, but they often have a negative impact on traffic. Reliable travel demand predictions during events and incident detection algorithms are thus essential. The authors study link flows that were collected throughout the Dutch city of Almelo. We show that reliable, event-related demand forecasting is possible, but predictions can be improved if exact start and end times of events are known, and demand variations are monitored conscientiously. For incident detection, we adopt a method that is based on the detection of outliers. Our algorithm detects most outliers, while the fraction of detections due to noisy data is only a few percent. Although our method is less suitable for automatic incident detection, it can be used in an urban warning system that alerts managers in case of a possible incident. It also enables us to study incidents off-line. In doing so, we find that a significant fraction of traffic changes route during an incident.
Ultrasonic Assessment of Abdominal Venous Return

Duplex scanning, i.e. combined real time ultrasonography and pulsed Doppler velocity measurement, of the inferior vena cava and portal vein was performed in 85 patients subjected to routine left and right heart catheterization. Mean blood velocity and volume blood flow in the inferior vena cava were found to be pulsatile, reflecting both cardiac action and respiration. Different flow patterns could be related to various heart conditions. The cross-sectional area of the inferior vena cava was also pulsatile, the normal variation with respiration being partial collapse during inspiration and maximum distension at end expiration. In the majority of patients, portal vein flow showed variation with respiration only, maximum flow occurring during expiration. The flow patterns found in the two veins were well in accordance with previous invasive findings in animals. It is concluded that duplex scanning is a useful tool in the assessment of abdominal venous return.
Phase I evaluation of thrice-daily intravenous bolus interleukin-4 in patients with refractory malignancy.

PURPOSE A phase I dose-escalation trial of recombinant human interleukin-4 (IL-4) was performed to determine its toxicity, biologic activity, and potential antineoplastic effects. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ten patients with refractory malignancies received IL-4 by bolus intravenous injection every 8 hours on days 1 to 5 and 15 to 19 (maximum, 28 doses) of a 31-day study period. Three patients received 10 micrograms/kg per dose and seven received 15 micrograms/kg per dose of IL-4. RESULTS Toxic symptoms noted at the second dose level included nasal congestion, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, anorexia, headache, dyspnea, and capillary leak syndrome (median weight gain, 6.1%; range, 3.4% to 11.7%). Fever or sustained hypotension sufficient to require pressors did not occur. Decreases in lymphocyte count and serum bicarbonate, sodium, albumin, fibrinogen and immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, and increases in hematocrit, prothrombin time/partial thromboplastin time (PT/PTT), soluble CD23, and, occasionally, serum creatinine and transaminases occurred. All side effects resolved by day 31. Phenotypic analysis of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) showed a decrease in the percentage of circulating CD16 and CD14(+) cells. Plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1 beta levels were unaffected, whereas serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations increased slightly and plasma IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) levels increased markedly. No tumor responses were observed. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that 10 micrograms/kg per dose of IL-4 is the maximum-tolerated dose for this schedule, although 15 micrograms/kg per dose can be tolerated if more intensive, but still non-intensive care unit level care is provided. The results of this study should aid in the design of future phase II trials that involve IL-4 alone or phase I studies that combine IL-4 with other cytokines such as IL-2.
Anaerobic threshold in wheelchair athletes with cerebral palsy: validity and reliability.

This study examined the validity and reliability of the anaerobic threshold (AT) using blood lactate (ATLa) and respiratory gas exchange (ATg) criteria during cycle ergometry (CE) and wheelchair ergometry (WE) in athletes with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Eleven subjects attempted a discontinuous incremental test protocol, two minutes work interspersed with one minute rest, twice each on the CE and WE. Only five out of the 11 subjects were able to complete the CE tests, whereas all the subjects were able to complete the WE test. Inadequate hip flexion due to muscle spasticity was the primary limiting factor during the CE tests. Although the maximal aerobic power using this protocol was reliable during WE (r = 0.89, p < .05), the validity and reliability of the AT identified by two independent evaluators using these two techniques was questionable. Evaluator 1 was able to identify ATLa and ATg in seven out of the 11 cases, whereas evaluator 2 was successful in five and seven cases, respectively. It is unclear from these results whether the poor validity and reliability of the AT was due to the discontinuous test protocol used, or whether it was due to inconsistencies in the rate of lactate diffusion from the muscle into the blood due to variations in muscle spasticity during the test.
Effect of Roman Chair Exercise Training on the Development of Lumbar Extension Strength

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 458 Roman chair exercise training on the development of lumbar extension strength. Fifteen healthy volunteers (9 women, 6 men) were recruited from a university setting and were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. One group (n 5 9) performed progressive resistance back extension exercise on a 458 Roman chair once weekly for 12 weeks. Training consisted of one set of 8–20 dynamic repetitions to volitional exhaustion using hand-held metal plates for additional re-sistance. The other group did not train (control, n = 6). Peak isometric lumbar extension torque was measured on a lumbar extension dynamometer before and after the 12-week program. Following training, peak isometric lumbar extension torque did not increase for the Roman chair group (before: 224.0 ± 134.1 N·m; after: 240.3 ± 137.4 N·m; p > 0.05) compared with the control group (before: 175.6 ± 68.9 N·m; after: 178.2 ± 69.9 N·m; p > 0.05), despite an increase in dynamic exercise load.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT LINEAR CLASSIFICATION METHODS FOR BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS

Aim: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women compared to all other ones. Proper and early detection of tumor type in a patient is a critical subject that can increase the survival chance. Statistical methods, such as classification can be useful instrument for physicians as an auxiliary tool to detect the type of tumor, increase the speed, reduce the cost and time of diagnosis as well as reduce the error of physician in the diagnosis of the tumor. Methods: In this paper, we use multivariate linear regression, logistic regression, the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) method and discriminant analysis to determine tumor type in a patient using Wisconsin Breast Cancer (WBC) database. In addition to linear methods, quadratic discriminant analysis will be used. Stepwise method for variable selection is used in regression method. Results: The accurate percentage of classification on testing data, depends on selected method and the number of independent variables and at least equal to 90.8% for logistic regression and a maximum 99.6% for KKN with K=9. Our results show about 3.1% of doctors’ diagnoses in the breast cancer may be incorrect. Conclusion: In General, if the assumptions used in each method is established, it can be said that the difference is not significant in choosing model type, and all of these methods are good tool for increasing precision of breast diagnosis.
Service Innovation Discovery for Enterprise Business Intelligence Applications (SIDE-BIA)

Enterprises launch many business services to its clients. The business process must be effective in meeting the client's expectations for the enterprises success in the competitive business area. The job of business architects in the enterprise is to design a service process flow and provide to managers to implement the service flow. When the service is ready it is open to customer access. Customer use service process flow and gets their requirements satisfied. Being the end users of the service flow, customers have lot of queries and suggestions on the service flow. Feedback from the customers must be reinforced to redesign the service flow or identify new way of handling the service. Not many systems are present in the market for this kind of service innovation requirements from the business analyst. In this paper, we explore this problem and propose a mechanism for service innovation discovery in the domain of service redesign for enterprise.
Rapid Synthesis and Synaptic Insertion of GluR2 for mGluR-LTD in the Ventral Tegmental Area

The activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) leads to long-term depression (mGluR-LTD) at many synapses of the brain. The induction of mGluR-LTD is well characterized, whereas the mechanisms underlying its expression remain largely elusive. mGluR-LTD in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) efficiently reverses cocaine-induced strengthening of excitatory inputs onto dopamine neurons. We show that mGluR-LTD is expressed by an exchange of GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors for GluR2-containing receptors with a lower single-channel conductance. The synaptic insertion of GluR2 depends on de novo protein synthesis via rapid messenger RNA translation of GluR2. Regulated synthesis of GluR2 in the VTA is therefore required to reverse cocaine-induced synaptic plasticity.
The influence of clinical risk factors on pre‐operative B‐type natriuretic peptide risk stratification of vascular surgical patients

The role of the revised cardiac risk index in risk stratification has recently been challenged by studies reporting on the superior predictive ability of pre‐operative B‐type natriuretic peptides. We found that in 850 vascular surgical patients initially risk stratified using B‐type natriuretic peptides, reclassification with the number of revised cardiac risk index risk factors worsened risk stratification (p < 0.05 for > 0, > 2, > 3 and > 4 risk factors, and p = 0.23 for > 1 risk factor). When evaluated with pre‐operative B‐type natriuretic peptides, none of the revised cardiac risk index risk factors were independent predictors of major adverse cardiac events in vascular patients. The only independent predictor was B‐type natriuretic peptide stratification (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.8–15 for the intermediate class, and OR 25, 95% CI 8.7–70 for the high‐risk class). The clinical risk factors in the revised cardiac risk index cannot improve a risk stratification model based on B‐type natriuretic peptides.
MANAGEMENT OF HYPERGLYCEMIA IN CRITICALLY ILL SURGICAL PATIENTS

EVIDENCE DEFINITIONS • Class I: Prospective randomized controlled trial. • Class II: Prospective clinical study or retrospective analysis of reliable data. Includes observational, cohort, prevalence, or case control studies. • Class III: Retrospective study. Includes database or registry reviews, large series of case reports, expert opinion. • Technology assessment: A technology study which does not lend itself to classification in the above-mentioned format. Devices are evaluated in terms of their accuracy, reliability, therapeutic potential, or cost effectiveness.
PANDeMOO: a powerline communications access network designer based on multi-objective optimization

In this work, we investigate the problems related to the planning of the broadband powerline communications (B-PLC) access network. This design problem is subdivided into two main optimization parts; namely the generalized base station placement (GBSP) problem and the PLC channels allocation problem (CAP). These two problems are considered as multi-objective optimization problems; therefore, they are solved through different possible multi-optimization algorithms (MOA). The investigated MOAs and other required modules are implemented in a planning tool, which is designed for the planning of the B-PLC access networks and therefore it is called PANDeMOO (powerline communications access networks designer based on multi-objective optimization).
TNF-α Deficiency Prevents Renal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Obese Mice

Background/Aims: Obese patients and experimental animals exhibit high levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. However, the role of TNF-α in the pathophysiologic process in obesity induced kidney damage is still unknown. Methods: We used TNF-α deficient mice and wild-type (WT) C57/BJ6 mice controls to study the effect of TNF-α on inflammation and oxidative stress in kidney by the model of high-fat diet (HFD) and primary isolated mouse renal proximal tubule cells treated with a mixture of free fatty acids (FFA). Results: Compared with the chow diet group, HFD-fed WT mice had higher urinary albumin and increased levels of renal fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in the kidney. These changes were co-related with increased expression of TNF-α in the kidney and were attenuated by TNF-α deficiency. In vitro, accumulation of intracellular lipids induced TNF-α expression and oxidative stress in FFA treated primary proximal tubule cells. However, TNF-α inhibition with siRNA or TNF-α deficiency decreased the lipid induced oxidative stress in these cells. Conclusion: These findings suggest that TNF-α plays an important role in the HFD induced kidney damage, and targeting TNF-α and/or its receptors could be a promising therapeutic regimen for progressive nephropathy.
A Comparative Analysis of the Sugar Phosphate Cyclase Superfamily Involved in Primary and Secondary Metabolism

Sugar phosphate cyclases (SPCs) catalyze the cyclization of sugar phosphates to produce a variety of cyclitol intermediates that serve as the building blocks of many primary metabolites, for example, aromatic amino acids, and clinically relevant secondary metabolites, for example, aminocyclitol/aminoglycoside and ansamycin antibiotics. Feeding experiments with isotopically labeled cyclitols revealed that cetoniacytone A, a unique C7N‐aminocyclitol antibiotic isolated from an insect endophytic Actinomyces sp. , is derived from 2‐epi‐5‐epi‐valiolone, a product of SPC. By using heterologous probes from the 2‐epi‐5‐epi‐valiolone synthase class of SPCs, an SPC homologue gene, cetA, was isolated from the cetoniacytone producer. cetA is closely related to BE‐orf9 found in the BE‐40644 biosynthetic gene cluster from Actinoplanes sp. strain A40644. Recombinant expression of cetA and BE‐orf9 and biochemical characterization of the gene products confirmed their function as 2‐epi‐5‐epi‐valiolone synthases. Further phylogenetic analysis of SPC sequences revealed a new clade of SPCs that might regulate the biosynthesis of a novel set of secondary metabolites.
Nanoparticles and their Therapeutic Applications in Pharmacy

Nanotechnology is providing solutions several pharmaceutical drug delivery issues. With the emergence of nanotechnology, researchers become more interested in studying the unique properties of nanoscale materials. Nanoparticles are attractive tool in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. These particulate systems have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug/proteins. Nanoparticles have been used in-vivo to protect the drug/proteins molecules in the systemic circulation, targeting of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. Various types polymers have been used in the formulation of nanoparticles for drugs, proteins, and hormone delivery are discussed in this article. It also describes various methods of preparation, advantages, disadvantages and their applications in biomedical fields. It provides an overview of characterization of nanoparticles, storage, and commercially available nanoformulations.
DNA Elongation by the Human DNA Polymerase λ Polymerase and Terminal Transferase Activities Are Differentially Coordinated by Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen and Replication Protein A*

DNA polymerase λ contains template-dependent (DNA polymerase) and template-independent (terminal transferase) activities. In this study we enzymologically characterized the terminal transferase activity of polymerase λ (pol λ-tdt). Pol λ-tdt activity was strongly influenced by the nature of the 3′-terminal sequence of the DNA substrate, and it required a single-stranded (ss) DNA 3′-overhang of about 9–12 nucleotides for optimal activity. The strong preference observed for pyrimidine versus purine nucleotide incorporation was found to be due, at least partially, to a steric block imposed by the residue Tyr-505 in the active site of pol λ. Pol λ-tdt was found to be able to elongate a 3′-ssDNA end by two alternative mechanisms: first, a template-independent one resulting in addition of 1 or 2 nucleotides, and second, a template-dependent one where a homopolymeric tract as short as 3 nucleotides at the 3′-end could be used as a template to direct DNA polymerization by a looping back mechanism. Furthermore repetitive cycles of DNA synthesis resulted in the expansion of such a short homopolymeric terminal sequence. Most importantly we found that the proliferating cell nuclear antigen was able to selectively block the looping back mechanism while stimulating the single terminal nucleotide addition. Finally replication protein A completely suppressed the transferase activity of pol λ while stimulating the polymerase activity, suggesting that proliferating cell nuclear antigen and replication protein A can coordinate the polymerase and the terminal transferase activities of pol λ.
Using neural network prediction to arbitrage the Australian All-Ordinaries Index

This research study investigates the use of artificial neural networks to identify arbitrage opportunities in the Australian All-Ordinaries Index. Ten identically structured, independently trained, neural network committee members contribute their predictions on the Index movement. Trading decisions are made based on the unanimous consensus of their predictions and out-of-sample trading performance is assessed by the Sharpe Index. Empirical results show that technical trading based on neural network predictions outperforms the Buy-and-Hold strategy as well as "naive prediction". Reliability of network predictions and hence trading performance is dramatically enhanced by the use of trading thresholds and the Committee approach.
Preparing Leaders for Math and Science: Three Alternatives to Traditional Preparation.

Improving student achievement in math and science has become a priority in the United States. As instructional leaders, principals can influence instruction in these vital subjects by working with classroom teachers to improve their instruction. Surprisingly, the research about the principal’s role in supporting instruction in these subjects is limited, as is research related to principal preparation for content-specific instructional leadership. In this article, we draw from existing research to present three programmatic alternatives to existing preparation programs. These alternatives aim to strengthen preparation for content-specific instructional leadership in math and science.
The Integrated 3D As-Built Representation of Underground MRT Construction Sites

This study facilitates the scalability of as-built data from an earlier street level to underground transportation sites from the life-cycle perspective of urban information maintenance. As-built 3D scans of a 6 km street were made at different time periods, and of 3 underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations under construction in Taipei. A scanned point cloud was used to create a Building Information Modeling (BIM) Level of Development (LOD) 500 as-built point cloud model, with which topographic utility data were integrated and the model quality was investigated. The complex underground models of the transportation stations are proofed to be in correct relative locations to the street entrances on ground level. In the future the 3D relationship around the station will facilitate new designs or excavations in the neighborhood urban environment.
Low power location protocol based on ZigBee Wireless Sensor Networks

Typical ZigBee location applications consume significant amounts of power when end devices receive messages for configuration and synchronization. These intervals often consume more power than the transmission process reducing significantly the devices battery life time. This paper describes an implemented ZigBee low power consumption location protocol, achieved by reducing end devices communication intervals and developing a proper router and coordinator firmware. This protocol allows two different forms of location: proximity and multi-RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) reference nodes location. In the first mode, position of end devices is related with its nearest reference node location; in the second one, several neighbors RSSI values are provided, being the base for more complex algorithms such as triangulation or fingerprinting. Another capability of this protocol is the identification of non functional reference nodes and the possibility to generate alert signals sent by the end device.
Advanced Imaging Tools in the Evaluation of Epileptogenic Foci in the Pediatric Population

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a known cause of intractable epilepsy in the pediatric population. It is caused by disorganization of cortical neurons, which results in an epileptogenic focus that may be isolated or associated with other cortical malformations [1,2]. Many patients with FCD have medically intractable epilepsy that significantly affects their quality of life. Surgical excision of these lesions results in marked improvement or complete resolution of the epileptic episodes. FCD is the most frequently identified pathologic substrate in children undergoing epilepsy neurosurgery [2]. In a study performed by Cepeda, FCD (excluding tuberous sclerosis) was identified in 45.5% of operated patients from age 2 months to 19 years [3].
Burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in the pediatric population in Central and Eastern Europe

Background: Rotaviral gastroenteritis (RVGE) is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in children under five years of age worldwide. This comprehensive review aims to estimate the burden of RVGE among children in Central and Eastern Europe. Methods: An extensive search of the biomedical literature (1999–2009) was conducted in major databases. Studies pertaining to the epidemiology and burden of rotavirus in Central and Eastern Europe were captured and data from each country was systematically extracted and compared. Results: This literature search captured 38 studies pertaining to RVGE infection in the region. Among children under 15 years of age, RVGE accounted for between 22.0% and 55.3% of all cases of acute gastroenteritis per year. For most countries RVGE was most common in the winter months, although it was reported year round in Bulgaria. Geographical comparison of genotyping data revealed that three genotype combinations, G1P[8], G4P[8], and G2P[4] were present in all countries for which full genotyping data was available. Genotype predominance varied on a season to season basis within each country. Only limited data was available for healthcare resource utilization, and economic burden for this region. Conclusions: RVGE is a common disease associated with significant morbidity, and mortality. While three genotype combinations currently predominate in the region, the dominance of a certain serotype can change dramatically from year to year and from country to country. A vaccination program with broad serotype coverage may help to decrease the burden of RVGE in Central and Eastern Europe.