Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gaze window: A new gaze interface showing relevant content close to the gaze point

In this paper, we propose a novel concept of the gaze window, which follows the user's gaze to show relevant information close to their gaze point on a screen space. We explore the use of a gaze window, especially for two use cases: (1) a single‐user data entry task by displaying data‐source image close to the gaze point where the data are typed in and (2) a teleconferencing setup showing a remote partner close to the gaze point. To investigate the performance of gaze window in these cases, we conducted two experiments. For the single‐user task, we compared the gaze window with a baseline non‐gaze‐window condition and found that the gaze window significantly reduced the user's gaze movement and mental effort and increased usability. In the teleconferencing task, we compared displaying partner close to gaze point in the gaze window to displaying partner at the corner of screen, when two remote users watch a shared and synchronized content together. We found that displaying the partner's face nearby the user's gaze helped the user look at the partner more frequently, and for a longer time, significantly increasing co‐presence and emotional interdependence. As a result of this research, we also presented design guidelines for gaze‐window systems.
The earliest evidence of domestic chickens in the Japanese Archipelago

The chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is the most conventional domestic animal whose main ancestor is the red junglefowl, found in Southeastern Asia and the southern part of China. Chickens were believed to have been brought to the Japanese Archipelago through the Korean Peninsula during the Yayoi period, but its exact age is unknown. Based on the sexual dimorphism of morphology, we pointed out that most chickens in the Yayoi period were males and that they were rarely bred in Japanese Archipelago. During the 58th survey of the Karako-Kagi site (Tawaramoto Town, Nara Prefecture), four pieces of immature Phasianidae bone were excavated from a division groove dating from the early middle Yayoi period. In this study, we performed collagen peptide fingerprinting identification and radiocarbon dating of immature Phasianidae bones from the Karako-Kagi site. Consequently, two peptide mass peaks unique to chickens were observed in samples from the immature bones, which were revealed to be derived from immature chickens. The calibrated age of the sample was confirmed to be between the fourth and third century BCE, which coincided with the opening age of the division groove. These results suggest that chickens have been successively bred since the beginning of the middle Yayoi period, at least in the Karako-Kagi village. The date was regarded as the lower limit for the introduction of chickens into the Japanese Archipelago, Korean Peninsula, and East Asia.
On the Effect of the Respiratory Droplet Generation Condition on COVID-19 Transmission

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a highly infectious viral disease and first appeared in Wuhan, China. Within a short time, it has become a global health issue. The sudden emergence of COVID-19 has been accompanied by numerous uncertainties about its impact in many perspectives. One of major challenges is understanding the underlying mechanisms in the spread of this outbreak. COVID-19 is spread similar to the majority of infectious diseases through transmission via relatively large respiratory droplets. The awareness of the dispersal of these droplets is crucial in not only improving methods for controlling the dispersion of COVID-19 droplets, but also in discovering fundamental mechanisms of its transmission. In this study, a numerical model is developed to study the motion of droplets expelled through the respiratory system. Based on the source of these droplets, different sizes of droplets such as large ones and aerosols, which behave differently in the environment, can be generated. In this regard, diverse sources of droplets, namely breathing, coughing, and sneezing, are considered in this analysis. Besides, the time for a single droplet to fall from a height of 1.8 m is also obtained. The results reveal that the traditional distances suggested by different sources for keeping the social distance are not enough, which is linked to different nature of the droplet generation.
Resistance to evidence-based policing: Canadian police executives’ perceptions as to which level of Canadian policing is most resistant

ABSTRACT Despite the global growth of evidence-based policing (EBP), there remains a resistance to change within police organizations that ultimately impedes the adoption of evidence-based practices. As a means of identifying which level of policing is most resistant to EBP, the present study describes results from interviews with 38 sworn and civilian Canadian police executives on their perceptions as to which level of policing – leadership, middle management, or the frontline – is most resistant. The results indicate that although there was no consensus among our participants, the middle management level was perceived as most resistant to EBP for a wide array of reasons. Ultimately, the results have practical implications for police practice that surround the need for a greater adoption of change.
Inferring Grandiose Narcissism From Text: LIWC Versus Machine Learning

People have long used language to infer associates’ personality. In quantitative research, the relationship is often analyzed by looking at correlations between a psychological construct and the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC)—a program that tabulates word frequencies. We compare LIWC to a machine learning (ML) language model on the task of predicting grandiose narcissism (valid N = 471). We use the ML model discussed in Cutler and Kulis and formulate it as an extension of LIWC. With a strict validation scheme, the LIWC prediction was not more accurate than chance. The ML representation did moderately better (R2 = .043). This indicates that the ML model was able to preserve personality information where LIWC failed to do so, suggesting that precautions are warranted for social-personality research that relies solely on LIWC.
Computational Methods for Modelling and Optimization of Flow Control Devices

Over the last few years, the advances in size and weight for wind turbines have led to the development of flow control devices. The current work presents an innovative method to model flow control devices based on a cell-set model, such as Gurney flaps (GFs). This model reuses the cells which are around the required geometry and a wall boundary condition is assigned to the generated region. Numerical simulations based on RANS equations and with Re = 2 × 10 6 have been performed. Firstly, a performance study of the cell-set model on GFs was carried out by comparing it with a fully mesh model of a DU91W250 airfoil. A global relative error of 1.13% was calculated. Secondly, optimum GF lengths were determined (from 0% to 2% of c) for a DU97W300 airfoil and an application of them. The results showed that for lower angles of attack (AoAs) larger GFs were needed, and as the AoA increased, the optimum GF length value decreased. For the purpose of studying the effects generated by two flow control devices (vortex generators (VGs) and optimum GF) working together, a triangular VG based on the jBAY model was implemented. Resulting data indicated, as expected, that when both flow control devices were implemented, higher CL and lower CD values appeared.
Unravelling the Thickness Dependence and Mechanism of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering on Ti3C2TX MXene Nanosheets

MXenes have attracted great attention as promising substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. However, the underlying SERS mechanism has not been a focus of any investigation. Herein, we report the first systematic experimental study on the SERS activity of titanium carbide (Ti3C2TX) nanosheets with thicknesses ranging from 5 to 120 nm, using methylene blue (MB) as a probe molecule. The experimental and mathematical modeling results show that the Raman enhancement factor (EF) increases monotonically with the increasing thickness of Ti3C2TX nanosheets; however, it falls drastically around a sheet thickness of 0.8 and 1.0 μm under 532 and 633 nm laser excitations, respectively. The Raman EF reaches a maximum value around a thickness of 2.0 μm, suggesting that a maximum EF can be achieved with a 2.0 μm-thick Ti3C2TX film substrate. The thickness dependence of the Raman enhancement can be accounted for by the adsorption and intercalation of MB molecules into the interlayer spacing of Ti3C2TX. Furthermore, by combining experimental observations and numerical calculation, we confirm that the charge-transfer mechanism is dominantly responsible for Raman enhancement on Ti3C2TX. Additionally, we report an observation of resonance coupling of charge transfer and molecular transition as a contributing factor to the higher EF obtained with a 633 nm laser excitation. Taken together, these findings have significant implications for cost and performance optimization in designing MXene-based SERS substrates for next-generation chemical and biological sensing platforms.
PREPARATION, CHARACTERISATION AND FABRICATION OF INTRAOCULAR LENS FROM PHOTO INITIATED POLYMERISED POLY (METHYL METHACRYLATE)

In the present work we report the simple poly (methyl methacrylate) polymer preparation, characterization and its use in the fabrication of intraocular lens (IOL). Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was polymerized by photo initiated polymerization technique using direct sunlight and UV light 280 nm. The polymerized material PMMA was characterized fully for its usefulness as an intraocular lens by various techniques. FT-IR and 13C-NMR was performed to find out the total conversion of MMA monomer into polymer. Molecular weight was determined by GPC and the thermal properties were studied by TGA, DTA, and DSC. The % Transmittance of light (%T) and Refractive Index (RI) were studied by U.V. Spectrophotometer and Refractometer respectively. Mechanical properties like tensile strength and Young’s modulus were also studied. The results obtained from the above experiments indicated that the total conversion of MMA monomer into polymer with good mechanical and thermal properties. The RI was found to be 1.487 and %T was about 78% in 250-500 nm range. Finally the material was fabricated according to the IOL specifications and was compared with the commercially available IOL.
Exploring the adjustment to parasite pressure hypothesis: differences in uropygial gland volume and haemosporidian infection in palearctic and neotropical birds

Abstract Parasites are globally widespread pathogenic organisms, which impose important selective forces upon their hosts. Thus, in accordance with the Adjustment to parasite pressure hypothesis, it is expected that defenses among hosts vary relative to the selective pressure imposed by parasites. According to the latitudinal gradient in diversity, species richness and abundance of parasites peak near the equator. The uropygial gland is an important defensive exocrine gland against pathogens in birds. Size of the uropygial gland has been proposed to vary among species of birds because of divergent selection by pathogens on their hosts. Therefore, we should expect that bird species from the tropics should have relatively larger uropygial glands for their body size than species from higher latitudes. However, this hypothesis has not yet been explored. Here, we analyze the size of the uropygial gland of 1719 individual birds belonging to 36 bird species from 3 Neotropical (Peru) and 3 temperate areas (Spain). Relative uropygial gland volume was 12.52% larger in bird species from the tropics than from temperate areas. This finding is consistent with the relative size of this defensive organ being driven by selective pressures imposed by parasites. We also explored the potential role of this gland as a means of avoiding haemosporidian infection, showing that species with large uropygial glands for their body size tend to have lower mean prevalence of haemosporidian infection, regardless of their geographical origin. This result provides additional support for the assumption that secretions from the uropygial gland reduce the likelihood of becoming infected with haemosporidians.
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Portuguese environmental Legionella isolates

Introduction Legionnaires’ Disease is a pneumonia caused by Legionella spp. , currently treated empirically with fluoroquinolones and macrolides. In this study, we aim to describe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of environmental Legionella recovered in the south of Portugal. Methods Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination of 57 Legionella isolates (10 Lp sg 1, 32, Lp sg 2-14 15 L. spp) was achieved by broth microdilution, as described by EUCAST, for azithromycin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and doxycycline. Results Fluoroquinolones were the most active antibiotic, displaying the lowest MIC values in contrast to doxycycline which had the highest. MIC90 and epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF) values were, respectively, 0.5/1 mg/L for azithromycin, 0.125/0.25 mg/L for clarithromycin, 0.064/0.125 mg/L for ciprofloxacin, 0.125/0.125 mg/L for levofloxacin and 16/32 mg/L for doxycycline. Discussion MIC distributions were higher than reported by EUCAST for all antibiotics. Interestingly, two phenotypically resistant isolates with high-level quinolone resistance were identified. This is the first time that MIC distributions, lpeAB and tet56 genes have been investigated in Portuguese environmental isolates of Legionella.
Crystal Structure and Spectroscopic Properties of cis-β-(CrCl2(1,4,8,11-tetrazaundecane)chromium(III) Perchlorate

The2,3,2-tet ligand is a structural isomer of 1,4,7,11-tetra-azaundecane (2,2,3-tet). The linear tetradentate with fournitrogen atoms as donors can adopt three different configu-rations in chromium(III) complexes with two chloro ligandsas shown in Figure 1. Generally, the chromium(III) tetra-dentate complexes have been shown to have a diversestereochemistry. It is not possible from the CD spectrum toassign the
A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process to prioritize the success factors of requirement change management in global software development

Planning and managing of requirement change management (RCM) process in global software development (GSD) are a complicated task, but the RCM plays a significant role in developing the quality software within time and budget. The key aim of this study is to prioritize the factors that could positively influence the RCM program in GSD context. To achieve the study objective, the questionnaire survey study was conducted to get the feedback of the practitioners concerning the success factors of RCM in GSD context. Moreover, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was applied. The application of FAHP is novel in this research domain as it has been effectively applied previously in various other research areas, for example, supplier selection, electronics and electrical, personnel selection, and agile software development. The results of this study will provide the prioritization‐based taxonomy of RCM success factors and also contribute by introducing the novel FAHP approach in the research domain of RCM in GSD. The FAHP approach assists the practitioners to reduce the uncertainty and vague opinions of RCM experts.
Removing feasibility conditions on practical preassigned finite-time tracking for state-constrained high-order nonlinear systems

This paper investigates practical preassigned finite-time tracking control for state-constrained high-order nonlinear systems. Fuzzy systems are utilised to remove frequently used growth assumptions on completely unknown nonlinearities. By integrating nonlinear transformed functions with a key coordinate transformation into control design, full-state constraints can be handled without imposing feasibility conditions in traditional barrier Lyapunov function-based control methods. It is rigorously proved that the states of fuzzy systems remain within a specific compact set, on which fuzzy approximation is valid. Besides, asymmetric full-state constraints aren't violated for all time, and the tracking error converges to the prescribed small region around zero in a preassigned finite-time. Two simulation examples show the effectiveness and advantages of this control scheme.
A call to create evidence-based mental health promotion interventions for youth that are equitable across ethnic/racial subgroups: Advocates 4-ALL Youth

Background Adolescents from historically racial and ethnic minoritized and low-income communities have higher rates of early-life and chronic difficulties with anxiety and depression compared to non-Hispanic White youth. With mental health distress exacerbated during and in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need for accessible, equitable evidence-based programs that promote psychological well-being, strengthen one’s ability to adapt to adversity, and build self-efficacy prior to adolescence. Methods An evidenced-based resiliency-focused health coaching intervention was adapted using a health equity implementation framework to meet the needs of a Title I elementary school in rural Alabama (AL) that serves over 80% Black and Hispanic students. To ensure that the program met local community needs while maintaining core program educational activities, all adaptations were documented utilizing a standard coding system. Results Leveraging an existing academic-community partnership with Auburn University and a local AL school district, a new program, Advocates 4-All Youth (ALLY), was created. Three major adaptations were required: (1) the use of local community volunteers (ALLYs) to deliver the program versus health coaches, (2) the modification of program materials to meet the challenge of varying levels of general and health-related literacy, and (3) the integration of the Empower Action Model to target protective factors in a culturally-tailored delivery to ensure key program outcomes are found equitable for all students. Conclusion With continued increases in youth mental health distress, there is a need for the development of universal primary prevention interventions to promote mental well-being and to strengthen protective factors among youth from historically disadvantaged backgrounds. ALLY was created to meet these needs and may be an effective strategy if deemed efficacious in improving program outcomes.
“A source of empowerment and well-being”: Experiences of a dance and yoga intervention for young girls with functional abdominal pain disorders

Background Functional abdominal pain disorders are common among children and adolescents worldwide and effective treatments are needed to alleviate suffering for these children and their families. This study aimed to explore the experience of participating in a combined dance and yoga intervention from the perspectives of girls aged 9–13 years with functional abdominal pain disorders. Materials and Methods A randomized controlled trial called Just in TIME (Try, Identify, Move and Enjoy) recruited 121 girls aged 9–13 years with functional abdominal pain disorders. The eight-month intervention combined dance and yoga twice a week, focusing on enjoyment, socialization and playful creativity in an undemanding and non-judgemental environment. The intervention group comprised 64 girls, of whom 25 were purposefully selected for this qualitative interview study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Results The girls' experiences of the Just in TIME intervention can be described as “A source of empowerment and well-being which facilitated personal growth and new ways of engaging in life”. The main category was derived from six generic categories: “A sense of belonging”, “Joy and emotional expression through movement”, “Relief from pain”, “More self-confident”, “More active in daily life” and “A sense of calm. ” Conclusions Regular participation in an eight-month intervention with combined dance and yoga in a supportive and non-judgemental atmosphere can ease pain and strengthen inner resources, resulting in empowerment, well-being and a more active life for girls with functional abdominal pain disorders. Trial registration The Just in TIME study is available online at clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT02920268.
Refuelling knowledge management processes towards organisational performance: mediating role of creative organisational learning

ABSTRACT Constructed upon Knowledge-Based View (KBV), this research investigates the interrelationship of trust, organisational climate, Knowledge Management (KM) processes, and Organisational Performance (OP). This research further examines the intervening function of Creative Organisational Learning (COL) in an association among KM processes and OP. This research used a sample frame of 536 academic and administrative staff from research-based higher education institutes (HEI’s) of China. The associations were confirmed via Smart PLS 3.2. 8. The outcomes discovered that trust and organisational climate have a substantial influence on KM processes. The outcomes also reveal a direct significant impact of KM processes on OP and indirectly via COL. This unique research not only empirically examines the interface of KM enablers (trust, organisational climate), KM processes, and performance of HEI’s but also enlighten visions into the present KBV literature by instantaneous investigation of the mediating role of COL.
Antibacterial activity of Stichopus hermanii and Stichopus variegatus methanol extract

Since 500 years ago sea cucumber has been used as wound healing medicine. Sea cucumbers are thought to function as a cell growth factor and have the potential as an antibacterial agent. This study aims to determine whether the methanol extract of sea cucumber has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa so that it can be used to help diabetic wound healing of people infected with the same bacteria. The extraction method used was maceration with methanol to dried frozen simplicia. The simplicia was obtained by freeze drying to liquid preparation of heated fresh sea cucumber. The antibacterial activity test was performed using well diffusion method. There were no any antibacterial activity found in the two methanol extracts of sea cucumber.
Transitions into work for young people with complex needs: a systematic review of UK and Ireland studies to improve employability

ABSTRACT Youth unemployment rates in the United Kingdom are almost triple that of adults (11.3% vs. 4%), particularly impacting the employability of young people with complex needs, of whom 61.8% are unemployed. Interventions facilitating transition into work can operate at individual, community and government levels. The main objectives of this review were to explore current practices, identify factors affecting and strategies used to improve employability, and classify strategies at multi-levels. Findings suggest that collaborative strategies covering training, work practices, therapeutic support and creating appropriate work environments, with active involvement of young people, are key in supporting young people with complex needs into employment. Classification of factors indicated four categories: skills-based approaches, job/work experience accessing approaches, therapeutic interventions, and supportive working environments.