Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF EFFICIENCY AND CARBON EMISSIONS OF FILAMENT ELECTRIC STOVES AND INDUCTION ELECTRIC STOVES

Issues related to energy sustainability and carbon emission reduction are continuously being concerned by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. Various efforts and programs have been launched to achieve targets of the related issues. As known that energy use for cooking by the household is continuously increasing in relation to population growth that will of course increase in energy need which relates to the sustainability of presence energy and carbon emission. Accordingly, the LPG stove conversion program to an electric stove was introduced in order to achieve the target to solve such issues. This paper compared of efficiency and carbon emissions of both electric filament stoves and induction stoves. The result indicated that the induction stove has better efficiency compared with the electric stove. The study also was proved that the carbon emissions for both types of stoves were relatively low in comparison with LPG stoves. However, the enormous operational power of the induction stove is still a challenge that must be resolved to achieve the target of energy sustainability in Indonesia.
Design of Tunable Monopole Arm Planar Spiral Antenna for Cognitive Radio

This paper presents a spiral antenna design operating in the frequency range of 1–15 GHz having both selective notch bands and wideband response. The main feed arm of spiral antenna is configured as rectangular monopole of width quarter wavelength to achieve impedance matching with standard 50 Ω excitation. Frequency tuning in the design is achieved by placing varactor diode at an appropriate position along the spiral arms and in the ground plane. The design offers a peak gain of 3.4 dB (simulated) and 3 dB (measured). The unique frequency response of antenna makes its suitable to be used for front-end system of cognitive radio for sensing the spectrum in various modes.
USING VCOS AS RF MEASURING DEVICES

This thesis presents an alternative way to test the amount of energy harvested by an antenna. Accurately measuring the amount of energy an antenna harvests is a challenge. The test equipment that touches the antenna can greatly affect the results of the test. Using a VCO to measure an antenna's harvested power enables accuracy and prevents the need to attach testing equipment. The VCO is powered by a harvesting antenna. The frequency produced is then output to a transmitting antenna. The output frequency of the VCO can easily be determined and then used to look up the power from the characteristics of the VCO. A background study of types of VCOs, and VCOs available on the market will also be included in this thesis. Finally the experiment setups and results will be presented.
UHF and current pulse measurements of partial discharge activity in mineral oil

Investigations are reported into a range of defects causing partial discharge (PD) activity in high-voltage oil-insulated equipment. The aim is to explore the relationship between radiated ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals and electric charge in a PD current pulse for PD sources in oil insulation. Experiments are performed under high-voltage AC conditions using electrode configurations that included a sharp protrusion, a bad contact, and a free metallic particle. A broadband current transformer is used to measure the PD current pulses with the UHF signals being detected using a pair of sensors mounted inside a metal tank surrounding the PD sources. Current pulses and UHF signals were recorded simultaneously using an oscilloscope with a bandwidth of 3 GHz. The level of correlation between the energy of the radiated UHF signals and the charge content of PD pulses is shown to vary depending on the defect type. Polarity-dependent UHF spectral content and ratio of UHF signal energies measured at the two sensors are shown to exhibit characteristics dependent on the discharge behaviour. These results and the analysis procedures introduced will contribute to the development of effective UHF monitoring systems for oil-insulated high-voltage plant.
Integration of Au Nanorods With Flexible Thin-Film Microelectrode Arrays for Improved Neural Interfaces

In neural prosthetic systems, a low-impedance electrode-tissue interface is important for maintaining signal quality for recording, as well as effective charge transfer for stimulation. However, neural microelectrodes often have high impedance due to their small surface areas. In this paper, we present a simple method of increasing their effective surface areas by introducing nanostructures on the electrode sites. The method combines photolithography and electron-beam evaporation with a locally patterned anodized porous alumina template to integrate Au-nanorod arrays on the flexible thin-film microelectrode, which can significantly increase the effective surface area and decrease impedance due to its 3-D and compact nanostructures. Moreover, the geometrical and electrical properties of Au-nanorod electrodes were demonstrated and compared with conventional planar microelectrodes by using a scanning electron microscope and an impedance spectroscopy system. Experimental results showed that approximately 25 times lower interface impedance was achieved for this nanostructured microelectrode. Such Au-nanorod integrated microelectrode arrays will be a promising tool for neural engineering.
Impacts of the four-day school week on high school achievement and educational engagement

ABSTRACT Four-day school week schedules are being adopted with increasing frequency, particularly in rural areas. In this paper, we consider the academic implications of students in Oregon attending a four-day school week for the first time when they enter high school. We find 11th grade math achievement in 0.09 standard deviations lower among four-day school week students, with significant impacts driven by four-day school week students in non-rural settings. We also find a greater number of four-day school week students being classified as chronically absent. Finally, we find reductions in on-time graduation among four-day school week students compared to five-day students.
Stability Radii-Based Interval Observers for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Systems

In this paper, we investigate the interval observer problem for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems, in absence or presence of external disturbances and parametric uncertainties. The interval observers depend on the design of two preserving order observers, providing lower and upper estimations of the state. The main objective is to apply the stability radii notions and cooperativity property in the estimation error systems in order to guarantee that the lower/upper estimation is always below/above the real state trajectory at each time instant from an appropriate initialization, and the estimation errors converge asymptotically towards zero when the disturbances and/or uncertainties are vanishing. For the disturbed case, the estimation errors practically converge to a vicinity of zero, while the lower/upper estimations preserve the partial ordering with respect to the state trajectory. The design conditions, that are valid for Lipschitz nonlinearities, can be expressed as Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). A numerical simulation example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Bioaccessibility of Antioxidants in Blackcurrant Juice after Treatment Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Blackcurrant juice (Ribes nigrum L.) was subjected to supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCD) at 10, 30, and 60 MPa for 10 min at 45 °C, as well as thermally treated at 45 and 85 °C for 10 min to determine the stability, antioxidant capacity (AC), and bioaccessibility (BAc) of vitamin C, total anthocyanins, and their individual monomers. An in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model completed with dialysis was used to assess BAc. The use of SCCD at each of the pressures applied improved the stability of vitamin C, total anthocyanins, and AC before in vitro digestion. As a result of digestion, the total content of vitamin C, anthocyanins, and AC decreased. The highest BAc of vitamin C was noted in fresh juice (FJ) (40%) and after mild heat treatment at 45 °C (T45) (46%). The highest BAc of total anthocyanins was also noted in the FJ (4.4%). The positive effect of the application of SCCD on the BAc of the delphinidin-3-O-glycosides was observed compared to T45 and thermal pasteurization at 85 °C (T85). Although SCCD did not significantly improve the BAc of vitamin C and total anthocyanins, the higher AC of SCCD samples after intestinal digestion (ABTS+• and DPPH•) and in dialysate (ABTS+•) compared to thermally treated was observed. The protocatechuic acid was detected by UPLC-PDA-MS/MS as the major metabolite formed during the digestion of delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside. This may indicate the influence of SCCD on improvement of the accessibility of antioxidants for digestion, thanks to which more metabolites with high antioxidant activity were released.
Caffe2Unity: Immersive Visualization and Interpretation of Deep Neural Networks

Deep neural networks (DNNs) dominate many tasks in the computer vision domain, but it is still difficult to understand and interpret the information contained within these networks. To gain better insight into how a network learns and operates, there is a strong need to visualize these complex structures, and this remains an important research direction. In this paper, we address the problem of how the interactive display of DNNs in a virtual reality (VR) setup can be used for general understanding and architectural assessment. We compiled a static library as a plugin for the Caffe framework in the Unity gaming engine. We used routines from this plugin to create and visualize a VR-based AlexNet architecture for an image classification task. Our layered interactive model allows the user to freely navigate back and forth within the network during visual exploration. To make the DNN model even more accessible, the user can select certain connections to understand the activity flow at a particular neuron. Our VR setup also allows users to hide the activation maps/filters or even interactively occlude certain features in an image in real-time. Furthermore, we added an interpretation module and reframed the Shapley values to give a deeper understanding of the different layers. Thus, this novel tool offers more direct access to network structures and results, and its immersive operation is especially instructive for both novices and experts in the field of DNNs.
Design Procedure of Robust QFT-Based Controller for Continuous-Flow Grain Dryer Plant

Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) is a well known robust controller that deals with plant uncertainty. QFT has been applied to many industrial applications, however it never been applied to any types of grain dryer plant. Grain dryer plant prone to parameter uncertainty and needs a robust controller in order to maintain a good quality of product output. The objective of this paper is to explain step-by-step design procedure of QFT design for a continuous-flow grain dryer plant. The designed QFT-based controller is also tested and compared with PID controller via simulation. The test results showed that the QFT-based controller works better than PID controller in terms of shorter settling time and smaller percentage of overshoot for the grain dryer plant under study and at the same time insensitive to parameter changes i.e. input and output disturbances.
Performance comparisons of inter-vehicle communication networks-including the modified V-PEACE scheme proposed

Conventional schemes such as pure-ALOHA, slotted-ALOHA, non-persistent CSMA and the V-PEACE scheme for IVCN (inter-vehicle communication networks) are compared including investigations of information contents and a required frequency bandwidth. Moreover, the modified V-PEACE scheme representing a vehicle's precise position is proposed and compared with the conventional schemes. Results of the comparisons show that the V-PEACE and the MV-PEACE schemes are superior to the other schemes in terms of the frequency efficiency. The MV-PEACE scheme that requires 2.8 MHz can represent vehicles' positions in lateral direction more accurately than the V-PEACE scheme that requires 0.2 MHz can. The V-PEACE scheme is suitable for driving assistance systems, and the MV-PEACE scheme is suitable for the advanced systems such as automated driving systems.
Compact Anisotropic Metasurface for Full Range and Arbitrary Complex-Amplitude Control

A novel method for complex amplitude manipulation of spin light is proposed based on a double-layer compact anisotropic metasurface. A new degree of freedom (DOF) is introduced through independently rotating the two layers to achieve a full range control of the amplitude. Then additional full range phase shift is further imparted independently based on the traditional Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase mechanism by the global rotation of the meta-atom. As a result, the ability of full range and arbitrary complex amplitude manipulation is achieved on meta-atom level. Time consuming massive geometric parameter searching is avoided in the proposed method, which is beneficial to the complicated metadevice design. Based on this theory, two devices for multi-beam generation and Airy beam deflection are designed and experimentally verified, respectively. The good agreement between the calculated and measured results confirms the advantage of the proposed method. Our findings may trigger great interest in high-performance functional metaoptics devices with compact size in integrated systems.
Initial Monetary Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Inflation Targeting Economies

The monetary policy response to COVID-19 in various economies around the world was in many ways exceptional. This paper investigates several aspects of this response among 28 inflation targeters by looking at actions undertaken by selected monetary authorities at the outset of the pandemic-induced crisis. Evidently, the reviewed central banks assessed the pandemic to be a clear-cut case for loosening monetary policy. They promptly announced expansionary decisions, often at extraordinary meetings, using a possibly broad set of measures, with not much hesitation before reaching for unconventional ones. One of the key aspects of the response was how quickly the authorities reacted to the shock. It turned out that, on average, advanced economies announced their initial policy actions within a month, whereas emerging market economies were twice as fast. As shown by a simple econometric exercise, this difference can to a great extent be explained by the time when the first COVID-19 cases were recorded in a country, the stringency of the adopted pandemic restrictions, and the need for liquidity provisions in economies with less deep financial systems. Of relevance were also variables related to having room for manoeuvre with respect to nonstandard measures and the deviation of inflation from the target.
Review and Comparison of Multi-Method and Mixed Method Application in Research Studies

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of using the multi-method and mixed-method in research studies by reviewing and comparing both methods. Design / Method / Approach: Using the literature, historical background on mixed-methods and multiple-methods design principles are collected and applied in this paper in a systematic review format. Findings: The major finding from this research is that incorporating quantitative and qualitative data in the form of a mixed or multi-method study has the potential to dramatically increase the accuracy and quality of any research's analysis and conclusions. Theoretical Implications: The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of how mixed and multi-method studies have distinct and distinguishable characteristics; it encourages researchers to conduct investigations appropriately to accomplish their research goals. The authors of this article introduce different designs (e.g., embedded design, explanatory design) which combine a mixed-method approach with a multi-method one. Practical Implications: This study concludes that both mixed methods and multi methods are reliable and have unique characteristics that increase the validity (i.e., external validity, generalizability) and reliability of study findings. Originality / Value: The authors of this paper present a taxonomy how to combine mixed methods with multi methods. Research Limitations / Future Research: Research should be directed at defining the appropriate design for a multi-method approach to help researchers conduct multi method studies scientifically. Paper Type: Conceptual.
Modified concept of axial-flux permanent magnet machine with field weakening capability

This paper presents the concept of an innovative field-controlled axial-flux permanent-magnet (FCAFPM) machine. In order to show the working principle and features of the proposed dual-rotor with surface-mounted PM's and iron poles, a toroi- dally-wounded slotted single-stator FCAFPM machine is investigated and analyzed in detail, using 3-D FEAnalysis. The control range, back electromotive force (back-EMF), output and cogging torque components have been evaluated.
STEM Educational Outreach and Indigenous Culture: (Re)Centering for Design Scholarship

ABSTRACT Integrating Indigenous culture into STEM education is a critical process in building pathways to justice and diversifying design. This process serves to (re)center our conceptions of STEM education by challenging strictly Western notions of STEM, representing an opportunity for learning not just in curricular design, but in technological design as well. Postcolonial computing scholars have critically examined design processes, highlighting the dominance of Western knowledge undergirding cross-cultural design. However, such efforts have yet to fully leverage insights from national curricular (re)centering initiatives. We take up this opportunity through a qualitative case study of an educational outreach organization in British Columbia, Canada, a subsidiary of a nation-wide effort in curricular integration of Indigenous and Western STEM material. Applying postcolonial computing thought, we offer enrichments to theory by providing an empirical basis for a) integrating resiliency, b) politicization in design, and c) arguments for (re)centering epistemological authority in computing. These contributions both enrich theory and enhance the practice of cross-cultural design by encouraging and exploring an Indigenous (re)centering of our understanding of both curricular and technological design.
A Dual-Mode Wide-Band CMOS Oscillator For Millimeter-Wave Applications

Broadband voltage-controlled oscillators are critical to the design of millime-ter wave frequency synthesizers. This thesis proposes a design technique that can be used to signiﬁcantly extend the achievable frequency span of an oscillator. A dual-band oscillator topology is described that can be conﬁgured to operate in one of two modes, by an electrical reconﬁguration of the negative resistance core around the resonant tank, without switching passive elements within the tank itself. The conﬁguration helps to minimize the diﬀerence in phase noise performance between the two modes, while achieving a wide tuning range. To verify the concept, a mm-wave VCO that operates at 30 − GHz is designed in a commercial 0 . 18 − µ m CMOS technology, with an approximate simulated tuning range of 20 % . A dual-mode oscillator is also designed in a 0 . 13 − µm technology at 60 -GHz.
Performances of Conventional SOAs Versus QD-SOA in 1530-nm Upstream Transmission of 40 Gb/s Access Network

SOA is the key device for burst-mode upstream transmission of 40 Gb/s access network to extend distance and increase users. We evaluate two conventional SOAs and our QD-SOA in networks, consisting of 20-km Single Mode Fiber (SMF) and splitters (1:8, 1:16 & 1:32). First, their characteristics are reported: 3-dB bandwidth & peak wavelength of Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) spectra, gain, saturation output & input, and Noise Figure (NF). QD-SOA gives the lowest NF of 4.59 dB at –20-dBm input due to its highest Optical Signal to Noise Ratio (OSNR). It also has the fastest response time (70 ps) with less data pattern effect when operating in saturation region. Besides the measurement of Input Power Dynamic Range (IPDR) of 3 SOAs, their performances of single versus two-cascaded SOA transmissions are evaluated by Bit Error Rate (BER) in many combinations of SMF and splitters. In case of inserting 1:8 splitter between two-cascaded SOAs, the performance of 2nd-stage QD-SOA has lower BERs than 2nd-stage conventional SOA due to its higher saturation output and less pattern effect when operating at high input power. Finally, both experimental and computed BERs are plotted versus SOA's input to confirm the OSNR degradation and data pattern effect.
Structural Health Monitoring in Composite Structures: A Comprehensive Review

This study presents a comprehensive review of the history of research and development of different damage-detection methods in the realm of composite structures. Different fields of engineering, such as mechanical, architectural, civil, and aerospace engineering, benefit excellent mechanical properties of composite materials. Due to their heterogeneous nature, composite materials can suffer from several complex nonlinear damage modes, including impact damage, delamination, matrix crack, fiber breakage, and voids. Therefore, early damage detection of composite structures can help avoid catastrophic events and tragic consequences, such as airplane crashes, further demanding the development of robust structural health monitoring (SHM) algorithms. This study first reviews different non-destructive damage testing techniques, then investigates vibration-based damage-detection methods along with their respective pros and cons, and concludes with a thorough discussion of a nonlinear hybrid method termed the Vibro-Acoustic Modulation technique. Advanced signal processing, machine learning, and deep learning have been widely employed for solving damage-detection problems of composite structures. Therefore, all of these methods have been fully studied. Considering the wide use of a new generation of smart composites in different applications, a section is dedicated to these materials. At the end of this paper, some final remarks and suggestions for future work are presented.