Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children Following Moderate-Severe Injuries

This study examined the rate of occurrence and risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of 32 children following an acute injury requiring medical treatment. Over one third of the sample met criteria for PTSD, and several in-hospital variables including age, gender, acute stress reactions with or without dissociative symptoms, prior medical experiences, pain rating, and immediate parental reactions were associated with PTSD at least 4 weeks later. Further research is required to clarify the understanding of risk and protective factors following injury to assist in testing and generating screening measures for PTSD and ultimately leading to appropriately matched trauma services based on identified risk.
Does Blind Tasting Work? Another Look

Abstract A study entitled “Does Blind Tasting Work? Investigating the Impact of Training on Blind Tasting Accuracy and Wine Preference,” published in the Proceedings issues of this journal, analyzed the effects of training on blind wine tasting accuracy (Wang and Prešern, 2018). I point out two issues with that study and reanalyze their data. I find that the effects of training on accuracy are small, even without controlling for self-selection bias that may produce upwardly biased estimates. To the extent training works, it does not seem to work well and it may only work as a selection device. (JEL Classifications: C91, D83, L66)
Social-Experience and Temperamental Predictors of Rejection Sensitivity: A Prospective Study

Rejection sensitivity (RS) is the tendency for individuals to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and overreact to interpersonal rejection. Existing theory presumes that early experiences of rejection cause RS, although few studies have assessed this prospectively. Also relatively unstudied are individual differences in temperament that may contribute to RS. In a longitudinal study, we examined whether early social experiences and individual differences in temperament predict RS assessed subsequently. Results showed that positive early social experiences (ages 6 and 9 parents’ relationship quality and age 9 peer support) negatively predicted RS at age 12 and that negative affect (ages 6 and 9) positively predicted age-12 RS. These findings may have important implications for RS-reduction efforts and for understanding the many domain-specific manifestations of RS.
Employing a suitable contrast enhancement technique as a pre-restoration adjustment phase for computed tomography medibcal images

Improving the contrast of computed tomography medical images is an essential issue since most of these images suffer from the low contrast phenomenon. This study confirms that adjusting the contrast of degraded CT images before beginning the restoration process is highly desired. A comparison between seven famous techniques was conducted likewise to choose the best method among the different popular contrast enhancement methods. Then, experiments were performed to prove that adjusting the contrast before restoring CT images would lead to better restoration results. Finally, a discussion and a conclusion are provided to highlight the important issues of this paper.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA STRES AKADEMIK DENGAN COPING STRESS PADA MAHASISWA YANG SEDANG MENGERJAKAN SKRIPSI DI FAKULTAS PENDIDIKAN PSIKOLOGI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara stres akademik dengan setiap aspek coping stress pada mahasiswa Fakultas Pendidikan Psikologi Universitas Negeri Jakarta yang sedang mengerjakan skripsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu Purposive sampling. Jumlah sample yang diambil pada penelitian ini sebanyak 94 mahasiswa. Dalam proses pengolahan data digunakan skor murni yang berasal dari pemodelan Rasch. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk stres akademik adalah Gadzella’s Student-Life Stress Inventory dan untuk alat ukur coping stress berdasarkan teori Lazarus dan Folkman. Metode pegolahan data yang digunakan dalam pengujian hipotesis adalah analisis korelasi. Hubungan yang dihasilkan bersifat positif, artinya semakin tinggi stres akademik semakin tinggi pula coping stress mahasiswa yang sedang mengerjakan skripsi. Secara umum mahasiswa pada penelitian ini berada di kategori stres sedang (79,8%) dan dalam mengatasi stres yang dialami mahasiswa di Fakultas Pendidikan Psikologi menggunakan emotional focused coping lebih besar dibandingkan problem focused coping dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,628 dan problem focused coping sebesar 0,224.
Do foreign chief executive officers perform better than local ones?

Article history: Received: September 5 2019 Received in revised format: September 5 2019 Accepted: October 15, 2019 Available online: October 16, 2019 This paper examines the relationship between the presence of the foreign chief executive officer (CEO) as a director of a firm and firm performance in Saudi Arabia. Performance is measured in terms of a business’ profitability proxy, return on assets (ROA), and the market performance measure, Tobin’s Q. Herein, we use a sample of non-financial companies that have been listed in Saudi Arabia between 2005 and 2016. The results reveal that firms managed by a local CEO outperform firms helmed by their foreign counterparts. They also support the notion that the success of managing directors in emerging markets requires cultural and inter-cultural skills. © 2020 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Tika Tonu: Young Māori Mothers' Experiences of Wellbeing Surrounding the Birth of their First Tamaiti

The wellbeing experiences of young Māori mothers’ (ngā māmā) surrounding the birth of their first tamaiti and the impact of those experiences, often determine outcomes for wāhine Māori, their tamariki and whānau. A greater understanding and nurturing of young Māori mothers has far reaching implications that encompass hapū, iwi, community, Aotearoa and the health experiences and outcomes of Indigenous and other subjugated people in the global community. However, there is little exploration and information about the wellbeing experiences of young Māori mothers, and therefore little is known about their stories, thoughts, and feelings from their experiences. This thesis explores the experiences of young Māori mothers from their perspective, regarding pregnancy, birth and motherhood. Historical misrepresentation, western notions of gender and sexuality, negative statistics and reports have portrayed young Māori mothers as the least capable, least desired and deficient. Dominant western ideologies of motherhood and hegemonic perceptions fail to recognise the essence of wellbeing for young Māori mothers, and instead marginalise and render their aspirations invisible and irrelevant. This thesis brings to the fore the elements that ngā māmā signal as vital to their wellbeing. By utilising a kaupapa Māori approach to methodology, and a theoretical framework of kaupapa Māori and mana wahine, this thesis explores what matters to ngā māmā and their wellbeing, and how te ao Māori is an intrinsic part of those experiences. An integrated kaupapa Māori analytical framework is presented, which was developed for the thesis as a legitimate and authentic approach to research method and design to help make sense of and assemble the codes, symbolism and themes of the data. The findings of this thesis signify the power of the female to influence the wellbeing of ngā māmā through stability, guidance and empowerment. The thesis captures the tamaiti as ‘tohu aroha’, and explicates the journey of ngā māmā to greater rangatiratanga and identity. Furthermore, the vitality and balance of te ao Māori within the lives of ngā māmā contributes to what is significant to their experiences of wellbeing. The thesis emancipates ngā māmā from entrenched stereotypes by epitomising their experiences and thus denouncing deficit discourses, and advances the aspirations of ngā māmā and the lives of their tamariki and whānau. This thesis makes an original and complementary contribution to the growing knowledge around Māori maternal wellbeing, kaupapa Māori methodology and research.
Racial Bias in Elementary School Children: Effects of Skin Tone and Facial Features

This work examines whether explicit and implicit racial attitudes are driven primarily by skin tone, other features of facial physiognomy, or both in elementary school children ( N = 108) between the ages of 5 and 12. Children evaluated faces varying in skin tone (from dark to light) and facial physiognomy (from Afrocentric to Eurocentric). In an explicit bias task, children rated how much they liked each face that appeared on the computer screen one by one. In an implicit bias task (a child-friendly version of the Affect Misattribution Procedure, Dunham & Emory, 2014), on each trial participants rated a Chinese character target as “good” or “bad” following a racial prime. In the explicit task, faces with darker skin tone and more Afrocentric faces were generally evaluated more negatively by both White and non-White children, which was especially true for darker skin tone faces with Eurocentric physiognomy. In addition, White children preferred faces with lighter skin tone while non-White children preferred faces with medium skin tone. Skin tone exerted a bigger influence than facial physiognomy on explicit attitudes. Results on the implicit task were more equivocal; reflecting an interactive relationship between participant race, skin tone and facial physiognomy. These findings provide evidence that pro-White attitudes (especially explicit) are driven by both factors, vary by race, and are present in both White and non-White children. There is emerging evidence that pro-White biases might be more internalized by non-White children in the American South. as in middle childhood. Their findings indicate that attention to race concept in younger is conceptualized as attention to skin tone. This project investigates both implicit and explicit racial biases in elementary school children in the Southern United States. It focuses on the Black-White racial distinction and tests whether explicit and implicit racial attitudes are driven primarily by skin color or by both facial features and skin tone. This project aims to answer the following research question: do facial features and skin tone affect explicit and implicit racial biases in elementary school children of various racial backgrounds? By answering this question, the psychology community can decipher when and how both explicit and implicit racial biases originate and how children’s race affects their racial biases. this
Comparison of different definitions of the metabolic syndrome in relation to coronary artery disease in high risk Serbian population

While different definitions for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been proposed, their applicability brings confusion about which criteria should be used in clinical practice. This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted during October 2008. in 3 university hospital centers in the north, midst and south of the Serbia. 1715 patients were recruited from outpatient clinical practice and primary health care offices: 37% males and 63% females, aged 34-80 years. To evaluate the impact of different criteria in discriminating high risk population for coronary artery disease (CAD) we used NCEP-ATP III, AHA/NHLBI and IDF definitions. 21,7% (373) from the patients included in the study sustained CAD. The prevalence of MetS in the CAD group was 84,7%, 86,1% and 82,0%, respectively, compared with 58,3%, 60,6% and 61,2% in the control group (p<0.0001). ROC curves ploted by the probabilities for CAD calculated in the logistic models for each definition (adjusted for age, sex, smoking and educational status) indicated that NCEP-ATP III and NHLBI-AHA definitions had a better predictive accuracy compared with IDF (p=0,006 and p=0,016, respectively). When the waist girth is introduced in NCEP-ATP III and NHLBI-AHA definitions as obligatory, this distinction was lost. The NCEP-ATP III and AHA/NHLBI definition is more suitable for discrimination of MetS diagnosis, than the later proposed IDF definition in the subjects of the given population. Inclusion of waist circumference as obligatory criteria failed to show increase in predictive accuracy for CAD.
Monitoring Prosthesis User Activity and Doffing Using an Activity Monitor and Proximity Sensors

Introduction Characterizing a prosthesis user's activity in the field may provide information relevant to his or her clinical care. The purpose of this research was to incorporate doffing and donning information into activity characterization. Materials and Methods Commercial accelerometers were positioned on the thigh and lower leg, and proximity sensors on the medial and lateral brim of the socket. A novel data-processing algorithm converted collected data into a time-stamped list of postures and activities: doffed, walking (included all types of movement), standing, and sitting. Results Controlled testing on 11 people with transtibial amputation demonstrated that activity durations and transitions between activities well matched hand notes recorded by the researcher accompanying the participant during the test. Testing on 23 participants with transtibial amputation in unrestricted field testing demonstrated that detected activities well matched participants' descriptions of activities upon return to the laboratory. At least 95% of doffs were correctly detected. Conclusions The developed technology is relevant towards the design of control systems to automatically adjust the prosthesis according to the user's activity and posture.
Community-Acquired Multi-Drug Resistant Escherichia coli in a Patient Presenting With Pyelonephritis

TEM and SHV extended-spectrum A-lactamases (ESBLs) used to be the dominant ESBLs in the 1990s, but more recently, the emergence of CTX-M enzymes have been increasingly recognized worldwide. Gram-negative rods harboring these A-lactamases represent a significant challenge to both clinicians and microbiologists due to the increasing number of reported cases of bacteria-producing ESBLs from the community. We highlight the case of a CTX-M-15Yproducing Escherichia coli urinary tract isolate causing infection in a patient from the community with no significant risk factors for acquiring E. coli harboring blaCTX-M.
Esophageal Stricture in a Patient with Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita: Endoscopic and Medical Management

Background: This 40-year-old man with extensive and severe epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) developed an esophageal stricture that caused dysphagia and limited his nutritional intake. Objective: The purpose of the evaluation and management was to relieve the symptomatic obstruction so that he could better swallow food and medications. Methods: Endoscopic visualization of the stricture allowed for balloon dilation to be effected. The radial forces applied probably allowed for a less traumatic intervention than the linear shearing forces of bougienage. Results: The stricture widened and immediately provided less dysphagia and better tolerance in ingesting food. Medical treatment with sucralfate, known to bind to and protect ulcer bases, also improved his symptoms. Conclusions: Esophageal strictures are relatively uncommon in patients with EBA; however, when faced with a stricture in this or other scarring bullous diseases that affect the esophagus, endoscopic balloon dilation combined with postprocedure sucralfate offers improvement with advantages over older methods of intervention.
Desempenho de escolares com dislexia, transtornos e dificuldades de aprendizagem em provas de habilidades metafonológicas (PROHFON)

PURPOSE: To elaborate a procedure of metaphonological evaluation, and to characterize the performance of students with developmental dyslexia, learning disabilities and learning difficulties and good readers in this evaluation. METHODS: Metaphonological abilities tests were elaborated based on the necessary skills for reading and writing development. Participants were 134 students from 3rd to 5th grades of elementary school of both genders, with ages between 7 and 13 years, divided into GI (20 students with developmental dyslexia), GII (20 students with learning disabilities), GIII (20 students with learning difficulties) and GIV (74 good readers). The assessment of metaphonological abilities - PROHFON - was applied. RESULTS: Students from GI and GII differed from GIV in most of the tests; GI differed from GII only in the phonemic synthesis and analysis test, and from GIII in abilities of deletion and combination of phonemes. GIII differed from GIV in counting, identification, rhyming, deletion, and combination abilities. CONCLUSION: Students with developmental dyslexia, learning disabilities and learning difficulties, and good readers showed similar performances in identification, counting and combining phonemes, rhyme and alliteration abilities. The groups differed from each other regarding syllabic (counting, identification, synthesis and analysis, deletion, combination) and phonemic (deletion, synthesis and analysis) abilities. The PROHFON contributed to characterize the metaphonological profile of students with different learning deficits.
State-led virtual school senior leaders: An exploratory study

MARK JOSEPH SIVY. State-led virtual school senior leaders: An exploratory study. (Under the direction of DR. CHUANG WANG) The purpose of this study was to explore the role-related characteristics, factors, and requirements that can influence state-led virtual school senior leaders’ leadership qualities, attributes, beliefs, and approaches. Semi-structured interviews with six senior leaders were used to gather research data. The research design used a qualitative constructivist grounded theory methodology that would ultimately lead to the rise of thematic associations. The findings from this study resulted in the emergence of 11 categories of factors that have bearing on a state-led virtual school leader’s role: (a) leader education, experience, and professional growth, (b) leader profile, (c) curriculum and instruction, (d) the learner, (e) human capital, (f) work environment, (g) internal communications, (h) external communications, (i) capital resources, (j) governance, and (k) operational logistics. Within these categories are 59 sub-themes that provide a concise window on the specific factors that surfaced. The significance of this study lies in its potential to inform professional development offerings, certification agendas and university preparatory programs that are seeking to produce knowledgeable and effective state-led virtual school senior leaders. Additionally, it provides a base of information for current and future virtual school leaders as well as scaffolding and suggestions for future research.
Minimizing the Energy Hole Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Wedge Merging Approach †

The Energy hole problem, a common phenomenon in wireless sensor networks, significantly decreases the lifetime of any deployed network. Some of the popular techniques to minimize such problems are using mobile sinks instead of static sinks, extending the transmission range dynamically, and deploying redundant sensor nodes near the base station/sink. The major drawback to these techniques are that energy holes may still be created at some point due to their static nature of deployment, despite having the overall residual energy very high. In this research work, we adopt a new approach by dividing the whole network into equiangular wedges and merging a wedge with its neighboring wedge dynamically whenever individual residual energy of all member nodes of a wedge fall below a threshold value. We also propose an efficient Head Node (HN) selection scheme to reduce the transmission energy needed for forwarding data packets among Head Nodes. Simulation results show that WEMER, our proposed WEdge MERging based scheme, provides significantly higher lifetime and better energy efficiency compared to state-of-the-art Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS) and contemporary Concentric Clustering Scheme (CCS), and Multilayer Cluster Designing Algorithm (MCDA).
Parameterized and GPU-Parallelized Real-Time Model Predictive Control for High Degree of Freedom Robots

This work presents and evaluates a novel input parameterization method which improves the tractability of model predictive control (MPC) for high degree of freedom (DoF) robots. Experimental results demonstrate that by parameterizing the input trajectory more than three quarters of the optimization variables used in traditional MPC can be eliminated with practically no effect on system performance. This parameterization also leads to trajectories which are more conservative, producing less overshoot in underdamped systems with modeling error. In this paper we present two MPC solution methods that make use of this parameterization. The first uses a convex solver, and the second makes use of parallel computing on a graphics processing unit (GPU). We show that both approaches drastically reduce solve times for large DoF, long horizon MPC problems allowing solutions at real-time rates. Through simulation and hardware experiments, we show that the parameterized convex solver MPC has faster solve times than traditional MPC for high DoF cases while still achieving similar performance. For the GPU-based MPC solution method, we use an evolutionary algorithm and that we call Evolutionary MPC (EMPC). EMPC is shown to have even faster solve times for high DoF systems. Solve times for EMPC are shown to decrease even further through the use of a more powerful GPU. This suggests that parallelized MPC methods will become even more advantageous with the improvement and prevalence of GPU technology.
On the Advantage of Irreversible Processes in Single-System Games

The CHSH no-signalling game studies Bell nonlocality by showcasing a gap between the win rates of classical strategies, quantum-entangled strategies, and no-signalling strategies. Similarly, the CHSH* single-system game explores the advantage of irreversible processes by showcasing a gap between the win rates of classical reversible strategies, quantum reversible strategies, and irreversible strategies. The irreversible process of erasure rules supreme for the CHSH* single-system game, but this erasure advantage does not necessarily extend to every single-system game: We introduce the 32-Game, in which reversibility is irrelevant and only the distinction between classical and quantum operations matters. We showcase our new insight by modifying the CHSH* game to make it erasure-immune, while conserving its quantum advantage. We conclude by the reverse procedure: We tune the 32-Game to make it erasure-vulnerable, and erase its quantum advantage in the process. The take-home message is that, when the size of the single-system is too small for Alice to encode her whole input, quantum advantage and erasure advantage can happen independently.
Frobenius and Spherical Codomains and Neighbourhoods

Given an exact functor between triangulated categories which admits both adjoints and whose cotwist is either zero or an autoequivalence, we show how to associate a unique full triangulated subcategory of the codomain on which the functor becomes either Frobenius or spherical, respectively. We illustrate our construction with examples coming from projective bundles and smooth blowups. This work generalises results about spherical subcategories obtained by Martin Kalck, David Ploog and the first author.