Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facilitating reading through a theme-driven approach

Facilitating Reading through a Theme-Driven Approach. (De cember 2008) Jie Deng, B.S., Tsinghua University, China; M.S., University of Nebraska at Omaha Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Richard Furuta Readers often encounter the need to explore a document only for a specific point of interest. We call the phenomena of approaching a narr tive not for its entirety, but for a thread of a particular topic, thematic reading. Prese nt reading tools and information retrieval techniques provide only limited assistance to reade s in such a situation. Our research centers on this phenomenon. We conducted inves tigations on both human behavior and machine automation, with a goal of better me eting the requirements of thematic reading. To observe readers’ behavior and understand their expecta tions, we implemented a reader’s interface with designs targeting the predicted ne s of thematic readers. We conducted user studies using both the system and Microsoft Wor d. We proved that thematic reading is capable of achieving the goal of underst anding a specific topic, at least to a degree that succeeds in topic-wise tasks. We also reached guidelines for designing future reading platforms in major aspects such as vi ew, navigation, and contextual awareness.
IMAGERY ANALYSIS ON EMILY DICKINSONS POETRY

This research was conducted to figure out the imagery and its meanings in the five poetry of Emily Dickinson. This research was regarded on a descriptive-qualitative study. The researcher applied documentation technique in collecting the data. In data analysis, psychoanalytic approach by Kristeva was used. The results of the research showed that there were sixty-two types of imagery foundin the five poetry of Emily Dickinson, for instance; fifty-one visual, one auditory, one olfactory, three tactile, one organic and five kinesthetics. In addition, the five poetry of Emily Dickinson had something to do with the themes and meanings of humans livesand their relationship with their God that symbolized and illustrated by things, and personally regarded on the reflections of Emily Dickinsons life.
A fault tolerant memory architecture for a RISC-V softcore

Technolution B.V. is developing a custom Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)-V based softcore for implementation on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Previously, the softcore used the memory residing on the FPGA only, which is very limited in capacity and limits scaling. To solve this problem, a connection is made from the softcore to the Dynamic RAM (DRAM) interface of the FPGA applied. A cache structure is added to mitigate the performance impact. It makes e? fficient use of the limited, yet fast memory on the FPGA. This thesis report describes the prior art, design considerations, implementation details and results for the realized cache structure and the connection to DRAM. The cache structure is the main topic of this thesis, which has been made as fast and effi? cient as possible, fault tolerant and configurable in capacity. It consists out of a data cache and an instruction cache with slight different parameters. For fault tolerance, both a light and heavy protection scheme are discussed and proposed. Only the light protection scheme is currently implemented and verified. The capacity is configurable as 4, 8, 16 or 32 kB for both types of cache. The connection to DRAM on the other hand makes use of the widely accepted standard of the ARM(TM) Advanced eXtensible Interface (AXI) bus.
An Existential Description of Reading Methods and Materials in the Content Areas.

Many scholars have made recommendations about how to improve content area materials and instruction, but the recommendations have been made apart from the study of existing content area materials and instruction. A review of detailed studies describing elementary and secondary content area materials and the extent of their use indicate that: reliance upon a single textbook is characteristic of all subject areas in American public schools, regardless of grade level; elementary and secondary textbooks are characterized by the "inconsiderate" nature of the writing they contain; and the questions provided in the textbooks are largely lower level, asking for recall of information. Detailed studies describing teaching and learning in the content areas indicate that classroom interactions are restricted to the classic triad--teacher initiates a question, student responds, and teacher comments--and turn-taking pattern of classroom interaction. Among implications of these studies for practice are that: teachers should use multiple secondary materials; publishers should reduce the number of questions in commercially produced textbooks; students should be given more opportunity to write extended answers to questions; teachers should prepare students for the text materials they will read; and teachers should include instructional assignments that encompass more than the acquisition of discrete bits of information. Recommendations for future descriptive research call for: development and implementation of a large-scale effort to describe content area reading practices; analysis of questions in textbooks across content areas and grades; and examination of how reading is perceived to fit within the larger purpose of a particular content domain. (Fifty-nine references are attached.) (RS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***************************************************************:******* CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF READING
Hip Sonography: Diagnosis and Management of Infant Hip Dysplasia

Technique. - Anatomy and Ultrasound of the Normal Infant Hip Joint. - The Standard Plane. - Identifying the Anatomy and Checking the Landmarks and Tilting Effects. - Definition of Types. - Ultrasound Classification. - Measurement Technique. - Classification Using the Sonometer. - Instability. - The Terminology of Dislocation. - Scanning Technique. - Errors Due to Tilting the Probe. - Documentation and Quality. - Principles of Ultrasound-Based Management.
A Review on the Application of RNA based Nanotechnology in In Vivo Computation

Computing in molecular-scale has been explored from the era of pre genomics with a limitation in Moore's law for devices based on silicon. The development of in vivo computation requires low energy consumption in molecularscale. The concept of DNA computing has rationalized the basic Boolean functions into multi-layered circuits. In the Recent year, the concept of RNA nanotechnology has emerged as an alternative approach because the RNA nanoparticles are emerging as a promising medium for a nanodevice with a platform for computing in molecularscale. In RNA computing, the varieties of small RNA sequences can work antagonistically to carry out computational logic in circuits to execute the process of in vivo computation. Though RNA computation is promising in most cases, but it is still in the infant stage and there are many challenges to collaborations between the people in RNA nanotechnology and computer science to carry out the necessary advancement in performing in vivo computation by RNA Nanotechnology.
Multimedia Systems Design

Informative as well as tutorial, this book explores the design of advanced multimedia systems in depth - the characteristics, design challenges, emerging technologies, methodologies, and implementation techniques. Using coded modules to illustrate design aspects, it covers the underlying data management system, specialized hardware and software, and an advanced user interface - and presents a number of new concepts and methodologies.
Adaptive Feedback in Computer-Based Instruction: Effects of Response Certitude on Performance, Feedback-Study Time, and Efficiency

This study compared the effects of response-certitude adaptive and non-adaptive feedback within a computer-based lesson of verbal information and defined concept tasks. Effects were measured on student performance, feedback-study time, and lesson efficiency. Undergraduates were randomly assigned to one of two treatments—one in which amount of feedback information varied according to a combined assessment of response correctness and student's response certainty level, and another in which feedback information did not vary. Results indicate that effects of adaptive feedback were not significantly different from non-adaptive feedback on student performance. Feedback-study times for low certitude responses were significantly higher than for other response combinations. In terms of feedback efficiency, adaptive feedback was significantly more efficient than non-adaptive feedback, but for overall lesson efficiency, non-adaptive feedback was significantly more efficient. Results are discussed in light of past research and implications for future studies are presented.
Digital integrator design using Simpson rule and fractional delay filter

The IIR digital integrator is designed by using the Simpson integration rule and fractional delay filter. To improve the design accuracy of a conventional Simpson IIR integrator at high frequency, the sampling interval is reduced from T to 0.5T. As a result, a fractional delay filter needed to be designed in the proposed Simpson integrator. However, this problem can be solved easily by applying well-documented design techniques of the FIR and all-pass fractional delay filters. Several design examples are illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Combined Patients and Medical Related Cosmetic Breast Cancer Outcomes—A Preferred Approach to Outcomes Assessment

Introduction: Reducing positive margins and need for re-excision yet maintaining cosmesis is key in breast cancer surgery. This study describes the evaluation of early outcomes of a combined cosmetic assessment programme following breast conservation surgery (BCS). Methods: An ethically approved prospective study was conducted at Letterkenny University Hospital and a 15-month timeframe was chosen. All consecutive patients undergoing conservative breast surgery with complete local excision, from July 2015 to October 2016, were entered into the study. Patients undergoing mastectomy and reconstruction with either implant or autologous tissue were not included. 41 patients undergoing BCS were analysed. Objective and subjective cosmetic evaluations were carried out. Assessments used were the Breast Cancer Conservative Treatment—cosmetic results [BCCT.core 2.0] Software, a panel of 4 experts in breast surgery and the Breast Cancer Treatment Outcome Scale (BCTOS). Demographic and pathological data, breast excision weight, % breast volume excised (BVE), margin positivity, complications and re-excision were documented. Data was expressed as mean and standard deviation for normally distributed data and medians and inter quartile range for non-normal data. Scores were also dichotomised to excellent/good and fair/poor and results were analysed. Results: 41 patients’ mean age is 55 ± 13 years. Mean breast volume was 768.3 cm3 ± 440; BVE weighed 78.6g ± 42.6 (18.9 - 214.4) and %BVE 11.3% ± 5.2% (5.1 - 23.3). Re-excision rate was 2/41 (4.9%) all for positive margins. 0/41 infections or haematomas occurred. Cosmetic status of 10 - 14 days post surgery was excellent or good by BCCT.core Software 78%, Expert panel 82.9%, BCTOS scale (92.7%), and fair or poor in 22%, 17.1% and 7.3% respectively. Conclusion: This study successfully evaluated objective and subjective cosmetic related outcomes following breast conserving surgery, incorporating both patient and surgeon in these assessments. The encouraging results show that despite low re-excision rates, acceptable cosmetic outcomes were achieved.
The Hardware Design and Implementation of a New Ultra Lightweight Block Cipher

미래의 것으로 여겨지던 pervasive 컴퓨팅이 현재 널리 이용되고 있다. Pervasive 컴퓨팅의 단점으로 여겨지는 데이터의 유출문제는 데이터의 확실한 보호가 이루어진다면 크게 부각되지 않겠지만 해커들의 홈 네트워크를 통한 정보 수집 등과 같은 문제들이 발생하고 있다. Pervasive 디바이스는 일반적으로 소비 전력, 공간 및 비용 측면에서 제약을 가지고 있고 완벽한 암호화 환경의 구현은 현실적으로 불가하다. 따라서 연구의 초점은 가능한 적은 메모리를 필요로 하는 암호화 경량화에 집중하고 있다. 본 논문은 새로운 경량 블록 암호의 설계 및 구현에 초점을 두고 치환-순열(S-P) 네트워크와 파이스텔 구조의 장단점을 연구하여, 두 가지 네트워크의 이용시 가장 적합한 방향을 제시한다. 알고리즘은 S-박스 및 P-박스와 함께 파이스텔 구조를 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 백도어 아이디어가 알고리즘에 사용되는 것을 방지하기 위해 S-박스를 사용하였다. P-박스와 달리 S-박스는 키 디펜던트 원 스테이지 오메가 네트워크를 사용하여 보안 단계를 향상하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 하드웨어는 Verilog HDL로 설계되었으며 Virtex6 XC4VLX80 FPGA iNEXT-V6 테스트 보드를 사용하여 검증하였다. Simple core design은 337 MHz의 최대 클록 주파수에서 196 슬라이스를 합성한다.
Performance Evaluation of Texture Segmentation Algorithms based on Wavelets

In this paper we consider a large number of experiments (some 800 in total) using a variety of diierent methods for texture segmentation based upon Wavelets. The experiments also consider ten diierent wavelet lters and use as a testing bed a variety of composite images taken from the Brodatz database. Ground truth for the texture segmentation is known for these images. We present a method for evaluating how well the diierent textures are separated in the selected feature spaces of these diierent algorithms, as well as measuring the nal performance of the segmentation boundary compared to ground truth. We introduce the two-point correlation function as a performance measure, as well as a tool for selecting features, and show that it can quantify performance in a way that correlates well with ground truth measures. We show that among the methods we have tested, one stands out clearly as superior to all the others, and that the choice of lters plays little role.
Caregiver versus self-reported activities of daily living among HIV-positive persons in Rakai, Uganda

ABSTRACT Assessment of an individual’s functional status, as measured by activities of daily living (ADL), is an essential element in the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) but individuals with cognitive impairment may not accurately report ADL. We assessed agreement between self- and caregiver-reported ADL in HIV-positive persons. Antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-positive persons (n = 321) and HIV-negative controls (n = 134) in Rakai, Uganda, completed neurocognitive tests and an ADL questionnaire. Co-resident relatives (“caregivers”) were independently administered the ADL questionnaire to determine their perception of the participant’s ADL. The relationship between neurocognitive impairment and participant-caregiver agreement was assessed using kappa statistics. Regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (AdjPR) of participant-caregiver agreement on disability scores. Relative to HIV-negative adults, HIV-positive participants scoring at least 1 standard deviation (SD) below the norm on 2 or more neurocognitive tests were classified as having mild neurocognitive impairment and those scoring at least 2 SD below the norm on 2 or more neurocognitive tests were classified as having moderate-to-severe. Mean age was 36 years (SD 8.9), and 53% of participants were male. The rate of ADL agreement between participants and caregivers was 77% for HIV-positive and 87% for HIV-negative participants (AdjPR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.97, p = .01). Among HIV-positive participants, 41% had moderate neurocognitive impairment, 15% had severe neurocognitive impairment, and 44% were normal. For moderate neurocognitive impairment, the rate of ADL agreement was 69% and for severe neurocognitive impairment, it was 66%. Compared to non-impaired HIV-positive participants (86% ADL agreement), ADL agreement was lower with moderate impairment (AdjPR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.81–0.98, p = .023) and severe impairment (AdjPR = 0.77, 95%CI 0.63–0.95, p = .014). Gender, education and CD4 count were not associated with ADL agreement. HIV-positive persons with neurocognitive impairment have lower agreement with caregivers’ reports of ADL than HIV-positive persons without cognitive impairment.
The preferences of Y-generation students on the workplace

The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of the Y-generation students‟ preferences on office layout and how important the workplace is in attracting, recruiting and retaining Generation Y workers. The objectives of this study revolves around Generation Y‟s preferences about their future workplace, what workspace design and technology they would like in the office, their travel preferences to work, how the workplace can contribute towards job satisfaction and other facilities they prefer to have access to on site. The research sample consisted of 334 students from the University of Pretoria. These participants were approached on a convenience basis as well as advertised via social networks to complete the survey online. A multi-dimensional data analysis to enable an accurate assessment of the specific objectives guided the study. This study enables a better understanding of Generation Y and what their workplace preferences entail. Businesses can gain an understanding of how they can use their real estate and facilities as strategic assets to attract and retain the Y-Generation talent pool. Social, demographic and economic changes are causing a severe skills shortage. People are attracted to workplaces where values are clearly communicated. Generation Y in particular is ready to engage with companies that provide the environments in which they will thrive. Workplace design is likely to become a strategic weapon in the battle to attract and retain scarce young talent in today‟s increasingly competitive global economy. The results have shown that employers should keep up to the rapid technological growth and not fall behind. Companies should transform workplaces which allow for individual work, collaborative tasks and provide an environmentally green workplace – not only into its design, but also in the way employees work.
A new structure for automatic speech recognition

Speech is a wideband signal with cues identifying a particular element distributed across frequency. To capture these cues, most ASR systems analyze the speech signal into spectral (or spectrally-derived) components prior to recognition. Traditionally, these components are integrated across frequency to form a vector of "acoustic evidence" on which a decision by the ASR system is based. This thesis develops an alternate approach, post-labeling integration. In this scheme, tentative decisions or labels, of the identity of a given speech element are assigned in parallel by sub-recognizers, each operating on a band-limited portion of the speech waveform. Outputs of these independent channels are subsequently combined (integrated) to render the final decision. Remarkably good recognition of bandlimited nonsense syllables by humans leads to the consideration of this method. It also allows potentially more accurate parameterization of the speech waveform and simultaneously robust estimation of parameter probabilities. The algorithm also represents an attempt to make explicit use of redundancies in speech. Three basic methods of parameterizing the bandlimited input of the sub-recognizers were considered, focusing respectively on LPC and cepstrum coefficients, and parameters based on the autocorrelation function. Four sub-recognizers were implemented as discrete Hidden Markov Model (HMM) systems. Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) hypothesis testing approach was applied to the problem of integrating the individual sub-recognizer decisions on a frame by frame basis. Final segmentation was achieved by a secondary HMM. Five methods of estimating the probabilities necessary for MAP integration were tested. The proposed structure was applied to the task of phonetic, speaker-independent, continuous speech recognition. Performance for several combinations of parameterization schemes and integration methods was measured. The best score of 58.5% on a 39 phone alphabet is roughly comparable to the published performance of traditional HMM systems and warrants further development. Potential sources of weakness of the approach, as implemented, are identified and improvements are suggested. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
Measurement of patient-reported outcomes. 2: Are current measures failing us?

Abstract All instruments designed to measure latent (unobservable) variables, such as patient-reported outcomes (PROs), have three major requirements; a coherent construct theory, a specification equation, and the application of an appropriate response model. The theory guides the selection of content for the questionnaire and the specification equation links the construct theory to scores produced with the instrument. For the specification equation to perform this role, the patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) must employ a response model that generates values for its individual items. The most commonly applied response model in PROM development is the Rasch model. To date this level of measurement sophistication has not been achieved in PRO measurement. Consequently, it is not possible to establish a PROM’s true construct validity. However, the development of the Lexile Framework for Reading has demonstrated that such objective measurement is possible for latent variables. This article argues that higher quality PROM development is needed if meaningful and valid PRO measurement is to be achieved. It describes the current state of PROM development, shows that published reviews of PROMs adopt inappropriate criteria for judging their quality, and illustrates how the use of traditional PROMs can lead to incorrect (and possibly dangerous) conclusions being drawn about the efficacy of interventions.
Event Structure and the ba Construction

Much earlier controversy surrounding the Chinese "ba" construction stems from dissention over whether or not "ba" has any independent semantic content. "Ba" was assumed either to be a purely formal particle whose function was to assign case, or to have semantic content translating into thematic content. However, under the hypothesis that abstract case does not play a role in Chinese, "ba" can not be a case marker. It is also argued that thematic content can not be assumed. Instead, a second kind of thematic information that plays a role in syntactic description, namely event structure, is hypothesized. It is shown that the affected interpretation of the "ba" dependent phrase is the consequence not of a particular thematic role but of the a-role assigned by "ba. " Thus the constraints on "ba" are captured and shown to be intrinsically linked. It is concluded that this provides further evidence for a model of syntax in which there is considerable interaction between the syntactic representation and the level of event structure. Contains 19 references. (MSE) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** EVENT STRUCTURE AND THE BA CONSTRUCTION* PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) BEST COPY Catrin Sian Rhys U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION . * CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. ° Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy.
User-centered healthcare IT: meaningful or meaningless?

This panel aims to discuss concepts, assumptions and visions of user- centered information technology for healthcare. It presents two opposite views on the subject. The discussion is informed by findings of three research projects evaluating the implementation of e-prescribing systems, electronic transmission of prescriptions, and electronic health records in the UK. The timeliness and perhaps urgency of such a debate are due to the incessantly increasing worldwide computerization of healthcare, concurrent to an ambiguity of the effect of IT on care processes, outcomes and user satisfaction.