Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Springtime Onset of Isolated Convection Precipitation across the Southeastern United States: Framework and Regional Evolution

This study examines the geographic and temporal characteristics of the springtime transition to the summer precipitation regime of isolated convection in the southeastern (SE) United States during 2009–12, using a high-resolution surface radar-based precipitation dataset. Isolated convection refers herein to isolated elements or small clusters of precipitation in radar imagery less than 100 km in horizontal dimension. Though the SE United States does not have a monsoon climate, it is useful to apply the established framework of monsoon onset to study the timing and regional variation of the onset of the summer isolated convection regime. Overall, isolated convection rain onset in the SE U.S. domain occurs in late May. Onset begins in south Florida in mid-April, continuing nearly simultaneously across the southeastern coastal plain in early to mid-May. In the northern domain, from Virginia to the Ohio Valley, onset generally occurs much later (mid-June to early July) with more variable onset timing. The sharpness of onset timing is most evident in the coastal plain and Florida. Results suggest the hypothesis, to be examined in a forthcoming study, that the timing of isolated convection onset in the spring may be triggered by specific synoptic-scale events within gradual seasonal changes in atmospheric conditions including extratropical cyclone tracks, convective instability, and the westward migration of the North Atlantic subtropical high. This approach may offer a useful framework for evaluating long-term changes in precipitation for subtropical regimes in an observational and modeling context.
The Lands cycle modulates plasma membrane lipid organization and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle

Aberrant lipid metabolism promotes the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance, but the exact identity of lipid-mediated mechanisms relevant to human obesity remains unclear. A comprehensive lipidomic analyses of primary myocytes from lean insulin-sensitive (LN) and obese insulin-resistant (OB) individuals revealed several species of lysophospholipids (lyso-PL) that were differentially-abundant. These changes coincided with greater expression of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3), an enzyme involved in phospholipid transacylation (Lands cycle). Strikingly, mice with skeletal muscle-specific knockout of LPCAT3 (LPCAT3-MKO) exhibited greater muscle lyso-PC/PC, concomitant with greater insulin sensitivity in vivo and insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake ex vivo. Absence of LPCAT3 reduced phospholipid packing of the cellular membranes and increased plasma membrane lipid clustering, suggesting that LPCAT3 affects insulin receptor phosphorylation by modulating plasma membrane lipid organization. In conclusion, obesity accelerates the skeletal muscle Lands cycle, whose consequence might induce the disruption of plasma membrane organization that suppresses muscle insulin action.
CONTEXT-BASED AND PROJECT-ORIENTED TRAINING COURSE IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR BACHELOR STUDENTS IN PHYSIOTHERAPY

The paper presents the results of a context-based and project-oriented approach in teaching for five consecutive academic years by the author of the practically-oriented compulsory subject “Informatics” (Information and Communication Technologies – ICT) to first year undergraduate bachelor students in “Medical Rehabilitation and Ergotherapy” (MRE) at the Faculty of Medicine (FM) of Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” (SU), Sofia, Bulgaria. The MRE is a four year university bachelor programme. The author decided to develop a training course, based in a context case scenario of preparing and running by the students of their own team based private physiotherapy centres. The project case was named “Plan to an investor” for financing a physiotherapy enterprise, and was envisaged to be the final assignment for the course. The students worked in teams. The final course grades were formed on the base of the weekly assignments (50%), and final course assignment plus its public presentation and defence (50%). The research goal of the paper is to analyse the quality of the teaching approach and the occurred learning by evaluating the 48 practical course products, developed by the teams of students during the five years of course delivery. In addition to the mastered ICT skills the students were taught implicitly and acquired some basic business planning and entrepreneurial skills with respect to their profession. The interest and motivation for work proved to be very high, reflected in the high quality plans to prospective investors.
Perspectives for organization of internal porous structure of loaded elements of optimal topology

The solution to the problem of topological optimization (TO) is often a complex irregular distribution of material. For this reason, the use of such results until recently was limited to theoretical studies. Modern additive technologies (AT) can solve this problem. A promising feature of AT is the possibility of obtaining a porous internal macrostructure of products. This can be used to optimize their mass during bending loads. In this paper, the problem of minimizing the compliance of a fixed two-dimensional beam is solved. The obtained structure was produced of ABS plastic according to the technology of layer-by-layer fusion of the material at different values of internal porosity. Standard three-point bending tests are implemented. It is shown that the use of porous products is a promising approach to reduce material consumption while maintaining the configuration of the stress-strain state. All other conditions being equal, these samples have greater plasticity and are capable of taking up large loads compared to monolithic products of the same mass.
An application of Chinese dialogue-based intelligent tutoring system in remedial instruction for mathematics learning

Abstract The present study aims to examine the pedagogical effectiveness of a Chinese mathematical dialogue-based intelligent tutoring system used for teaching mathematics. The mathematical unit ‘multiplication and division of time expressions’ was taught to 134 fifth-grade students in three types of instruction conditions: the intelligent tutoring system (ITS), conventional teacher instruction and material reading. The results show that student performance was comparable between the proposed mathematical ITS and conventional instruction conditions but was significantly poorer when no teaching method was used. The questionnaire survey showed that the ITS method not only improved maths learning, but also increased motivation among the fifth graders. The effectiveness of ITS remedial instruction in mathematics is discussed.
Performance Analysis and Evaluation of Software Defined Networking Controllers against Denial of Service Attacks

The Software defined networking (SDN) utilization within networking architecture represents a way of looking at how networks are configured, controlled, and operated. Managed services such as routing, load balancing, and security can be automated and centralized dynamically in SDN controllers. Controllers act as the centralized repository of policy and control instructions for the network that packets are transmitted through it. Any transmitted packets flooded from an attacker that intends to access the controller will result to Denial of Service (DoS) attack. Thus, this paper is devoted to simulate and examine the impact of DoS attack on the bandwidth of two different linked hosts (Server/client) by SDN controllers as POX, RYU, and Opendaylight (ODL) controllers. The network performance is tested and emulated by using different testing tools of simulation in Mininet such as Hping3, iperf, jperf, wireshark and miniedit. Also, the performances of the controllers against DoS attack proposed by different protocols using user datagram protocol (UDP) and transmission control protocol (TCP) which will be assess via OpenFlow switch.
Verknüpfung von Textelementen zu Softwarearchitektur-Modellen mit Hilfe von Synsets

Eine gute Softwaredokumentation ist Grundlage fur den Langzeiterfolg eines Softwaresystems. Anderungen an der Software ziehen unter Umstanden Anderungen an der Dokumentation nach sich. Wird die Dokumentation nicht dementsprechend angepasst, kann es zu Inkonsistenzen bei der Benennung kommen. Trotz dieser Inkonsistenzen soll Ruckverfolgbarkeit zwischen den Textelementen der Softwarearchitektur-Dokumentation (SAD) und den Modellelementen des Softwarearchitektur-Modells (SAM) gewahrleistet werden. Statt einem direkten Vergleich zwischen den Bezeichnern der Textelemente und den Namen der Modellelemente, wird ein semantischer Vergleich auf Basis der Auflosung sprachlicher Mehrdeutigkeiten (WSD, Word Sense Disambiguation) durchgefuhrt. Mit dem WSD-Algorithmus Babelfy werden die Bedeutungen der Textelemente im Kontext der SAD in Form von Synsets bestimmt. Diese Synsets bilden Synonyme ab, die fur das Erstellen von Verknupfungen zwischen den Text- und Modellelementen verwendet werden. Unter Einbeziehung der Synonyme zum Erstellen der Verknupfungen ist es moglich, Textelemente Modellelementen zuzuordnen, die semantisch dasselbe Element abbilden aber unterschiedlich benannt sind. Mit diesem Ansatz kann eine Verbesserung beim Erstellen von Verknupfungen zwischen den Textelementen der SAD und den Modellelementen des SAM erzielt werden gegenuber einem Ansatz ohne Einbeziehung von Synonymen. Die Ausbeute kann beim Erstellen von Verknupfungen um durchschnittlich 12 Prozentpunkte auf 53,1% erhoht werden, bei einer Prazision von 90,9%.
Characterization of the Rapanui mass‐transport deposit and the basal shear zone: Mount Messenger Formation, Taranaki Basin, New Zealand

Submarine mass‐transport deposits are important in many ancient and modern basins. Mass‐transport deposits can play a significant role in exploration as reservoir, seal or source units. Although seismic data has advanced the knowledge about these deposits, more outcrop studies are needed to better understand gravity mass flows and predict the properties of their resultant deposits. It is proposed that sufficiently well‐exposed outcrops of mass‐transport deposits can be divided into three strain‐dominant morphodomains: headwall, translational and toe. The outcrops of the Rapanui mass‐transport deposit, part of the Lower Mount Messenger Formation in the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand, are exposed along a ca 4 km transect in coastal cliffs that enable the identification of the three morphodomains. The aim of this study is to characterize the stratigraphic and sedimentological nature of the Miocene‐age Rapanui mass‐transport deposit outcrops and the evolution of its basal shear zone. The basal shear zone of a mass‐transport deposit is defined as the stratal zone formed in the interface between the overriding mass flow and the underlying in situ deposits or sea floor. Accordingly, the deformation structures in the Rapanui mass‐transport deposit and the basal shear zone were documented in an established spatial framework. Traditional methodologies were used to characterize the sedimentology of the Rapanui mass‐transport deposit. Data collected from intrafolial folds, rafted blocks and samples from the Rapanui mass‐transport deposit were used to investigate strain and matrix texture evolution, estimate palaeoflow direction, and calculate yield strength and overpressure at time of deposition. Additionally, a one‐dimensional numerical model was used to test sedimentation‐driven overpressure as probable trigger. This work demonstrates that the basal shear zone, as well as the matrix texture of a mass‐transport deposit, can vary spatially as sediments from underlying deposits are entrained during shear‐derived mixing. This phenomenon can impact the seal potential of mass‐transport deposits and their interaction with fluids in the subsurface.
Integration of digital twin and deep learning in cyber‐physical systems: towards smart manufacturing

Digital twin (DT) is gaining popularity due to its significant impacts on bridging the gap between the physical and cyber worlds. As reported by Grand View Research, Inc., the global market of DT is expected to reach $26.07 billion by 2025 with a Compound Annual Growth Rate of 38.2%. The growing adoption of cyber-physical system (CPS), Internet of Things, big data analytics, and cloud computing in manufacturing sector has paved the way for low cost and systematic implementation of DT, with promising impacts on (a) product design and development, (b) machine and equipment health monitoring, and (c) product support and services. Successful implementation of DT would increase transparency, cooperation, flexibility, resilience, production speed, scalability, and manufacturing efficiency. Realisation of smart manufacturing requires collaborative and autonomous interactions between sensing, networking, and computational resources across manufacturing assets where data is gathered from physical systems is utilised for the extraction of actionable insights and provision of predictive services. In this study, a reference architecture based on deep learning, DT, and 5C-CPS is proposed to facilitate the transformation towards smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0.
Design Calculation of Main Components for Lab Based Refrigeration System

The purpose of this paper is for the students to know the basic function of main components of refrigeration system. Theoretical and experimental of design calculation of main components and their results are reported in this paper. During the performance of testing, the length of expansion device is varied and the result data are also described. In this system, R134a refrigerant is used as working substance. Because it is now being used for a replacement of R-12 CFC refrigerant. It can be handled safely because it is not toxic, corrosive and flammable. Moreover, it has no damage effect to ozone layer and greenhouse.
Model Predictive Control for Flexible Reduction of Active Power Oscillation in Grid-Tied Multilevel Inverters Under Unbalanced and Distorted Microgrid Conditions

The unbalanced and distorted grid phenomena are expected to be a critical factor for future microgrids due to extensive use of unbalanced and nonlinear loads. These microgrid conditions keep changing depending on the load profile. The active power oscillation, which happens due to polluted grid conditions, results in dc-link voltage fluctuation. Therefore, not only lifetime of the batteries and dc-link capacitors are compromised but also the stability of the system is affected. Active power oscillation can only be reduced by compromising with the harmonic distortion of the grid currents. Therefore, to cope with various expected abnormal microgrid conditions, a tradeoff between active power oscillation and total harmonic distortion of grid current is required. This article proposes a novel flexible reference current generation technique by using a tuning parameter to reduce the active power oscillation flexibly. The generated reference current comprises not only the positive and negative sequence currents but also lower order harmonic components. The peak values of all the components present in the reference current are decided in a stationary reference frame. Since model predictive controller tracks multifrequency reference currents without any additional requirement and with good stability margin, it has been used to control the neutral point clamped grid-tied three-level inverter. The concept is validated through simulation and experimental results.
Oncological Management and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women Diagnosed With Cancer During Pregnancy: A 20-Year International Cohort Study of 1170 Patients

Jorine de Haan MD a,b* , Magali Verheecke MD a,c* , Kristel Van Calsteren PhD d,e , Ben Van Calster PhD e , Roman G. Shmakov PhD f , Mina Mhallem Gziri PhD g , Michael J. Halaska PhD h , Robert Fruscio PhD i , Christianne A.R. Lok PhD j , Ingrid A. Boere PhD k , Paolo Zola PhD l , Petronella B. Ottevanger PhD m , Prof. Christianne J.M. de Groot PhD b , Fedro A. Peccatori PhD n , Karina Dahl Steffensen PhD o,p , Prof. Elyce H. Cardonick PhD q , Evgeniya Polushkina PhD f , Prof. Lukas Rob PhD h , Lorenzo Ceppi MD i , Prof. Gennady T. Sukhikh PhD f , Sileny N. Han PhD a,c , Prof. Frédéric Amant PhD a,c,j,r . On behalf of the International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (INCIP). * Equal contribution.
Is the Value of the New Business Tax Shield Lower? Comparative Study of International Valuation Methods

The macroeconomic environment has been characterized by strong GDP growth in recent years. The favourable conditions allow the growth of new innovative businesses (start-ups), which support multiplier economic development. New businesses are often unprofitable in the first years of existence; there is a higher probability of default. The issue of start-ups may be insufficient funding, high costs of financial distress and resulting low corporate value and unattractiveness for investors. The aim of this paper is to analyse and evaluate which of the existing methods of quantifying the debt tax shield is suitable for start-ups. Three different approaches have been chosen to calculate the interest tax shield; Modigliani-Miller (1963) model for imperfect capital markets and two models from Velez-Pareja (2013,2016). The results were obtained by correlation analysis of more than 5,000 Slovak businesses, the impact of the age of the business on the value of tax shield was examined. Also, the impact of the industry on the value of tax shield was explored. The results of the analysis suggest that the quantification by Modigliani-Miller (1963) formula does not take sufficient into account of the age of company. In contrast, the Velez-Pareja (2013, 2016) models are suitable for start-ups, because they take into account the potential tax shield, which occurs when the operating income cannot cover financial costs (especially interest paid). In innovative industries, start-ups often do not reach the traditional tax shield, but their value may be higher using an alternative formula by Velez-Pareja.
Service Decomposition as a Series of Architectural Refactorings

Decomposing a system into modules or services always has been a hard design problem. With the current trend towards microservices, this issue has become even more relevant and challenging. Domain-driven Design (DDD) with its Bounded Contexts provides one popular technique to decompose a domain into multiple parts. The open source tool Context Mapper, developed in our previous term project, offers a Domain-specific Language (DSL) for the strategic DDD patterns. DSL and supporting tools assist architects in the process of finding service decompositions. Context Mapper has already been used in practice projects, which led to suggestions how to improve the DSL to further increase its usability. Moreover, Context Mapper at present does not offer any transformations or refactoring tools to improve and evolve the DDD models. Finally, our previous work only gives very basic advice on how to implement systems that have been modeled in Context Mapper in a (micro-) service-oriented architectural style. This work presents a series of Architectural Refactorings (ARs) for strategic DDD models based on corresponding Decoupling Criteria (DC) collected from literature and personal experience. These refactorings allow a software architect to (de-)compose a domain iteratively. Aiming for a broad DC coverage, a set of seven ARs has been implemented. These ARs are realized as code refactorings for the Context Mapper DSL (CML) language and support splitting, extracting and merging Bounded Contexts and/or Aggregates. Therefore, DSL users are able to refactor their CML models within the provided Eclipse plugin. A new service contract generator offers assistance how to implement the DDD models in an (micro-)service-oriented architecture. The resulting contracts are written in the Microservices Domain Specific Language (MDSL), another emerging DSL for specifying service contracts. The provided DSL with its seven ARs, implemented as model transformations, support evolving DDD-based models in an iterative way. The conducted validation activities support our hypothesis that software architects can benefit from such an approach and tool. Action research has been applied to improve Context Mapper in each iteration of the prototypical implementation. Basic case studies conducted on real world projects in the industry indicated the usefulness and effectiveness of the modeling language. More advanced validation activities still have to be conducted to analyze and demonstrate the practicability of the ARs.
Bio-Physico-Chemical Response of Drought Tolerant Chickpeas to Nickel

Experiments were conducted to evaluate response of two genetically different drought tolerant varieties of Cicer arietinum L. namely PUSA 1103, Desi variety and PUSA 1105, Kabuli variety to the basal applications of nickel chloride doses viz; 0, 0.62, 3.12, 12.5, 62.5 and 125 µg g-1. Significant increase in the growth was observed at 0.62 and 3.12 µg g-1 nickel chloride doses. Addition of nickel dose above this level reduced the leaf area, plant growth, root length and yield of the plants. Fruiting stage showed more severe toxicity symptoms in comparison to the vegetative stages. Protein contents in seeds and chlorophyll contents along with nitrate reductase activity increased significantly in the leaves at the lower nickel doses. Peroxidase and superoxide-dismutase activities increased in a concomitant manner with increasing nickel concentrations. Increased concentrations of the soil applied nickel demonstrated an increase in the content of nickel higher in shoots also followed by roots. Accumulation of nickel and grain yield was higher in Desi chickpea variety PUSA 1103, indicating for its potential utilization in crop improvement strategies to breed new chickpea genotypes for nickel and drought resistance.
Trajectories of Self-Reported Opioid Use Among Patients With HIV Engaged in Care: Results From a National Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND No prior studies have characterized long-term patterns of opioid use regardless of source or reason for use among patients with HIV (PWH). We sought to identify trajectories of self-reported opioid use and their correlates among a national sample of PWH engaged in care. SETTING Veterans Aging Cohort Study, a prospective cohort including PWH receiving care at 8 US Veterans Health Administration (VA) sites. METHODS Between 2002 and 2018, we assessed past year opioid use frequency based on self-reported "prescription painkillers" and/or heroin use at baseline and follow-up. We used group-based trajectory models to identify opioid use trajectories and multinomial logistic regression to determine baseline factors independently associated with escalating opioid use compared to stable, infrequent use. RESULTS Among 3702 PWH, we identified 4 opioid use trajectories: (1) no lifetime use (25%); (2) stable, infrequent use (58%); (3) escalating use (7%); and (4) de-escalating use (11%). In bivariate analysis, anxiety; pain interference; prescribed opioids, benzodiazepines and gabapentinoids; and marijuana use were associated with escalating opioid group membership compared to stable, infrequent use. In multivariable analysis, illness severity, pain interference, receipt of prescribed benzodiazepine medications, and marijuana use were associated with escalating opioid group membership compared to stable, infrequent use. CONCLUSION Among PWH engaged in VA care, 1 in 15 reported escalating opioid use. Future research is needed to understand the impact of psychoactive medications and marijuana use on opioid use and whether enhanced uptake of evidence-based treatment of pain and psychiatric symptoms can prevent escalating use among PWH.