Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning to Surprise: A Composer-Audience Architecture

The ability to generate surprising outputs is essential for creative behavior. Surprise, or violation of expectation, has been hypothesized to be part of a fundamental mechanism enabling the capacity for emotion found in creative ﬁelds such as music, art, humor, or literature. Machine learning approaches to music generation train one model and sample from its distribution to generate new outputs. We show that this one-model sampling is fundamentally limited in its capacity for surprise. Drawing on insights from music and humor understanding, we propose a two-model architecture composed of an audience model for learning expectations connected to a composer model for learning to surprise. The new architecture facilitates a natural measure for surprise that is used in experimental evaluations on a set of synthetic tasks with binary strings. When in-stantiated with neural networks, the composer-audience model is shown to successfully learn to generate deterministic or random patterns of surprise, demonstrating its potential as a general framework for machine learning approaches to creative processes.
Emolift: Elevator Conversations Based on Emotions

Most of the currently existing narrative generation systems do not consider the task of adding dialogues to enrich the interactions between characters. An important factor to take into account when two characters speak are the emotions they feel and the ones they perceive from the character they are talking to. In this work we present Emolift, an automatic dialogue generation system of short elevator dialogues where emotions are the driving force to build dialogues. We have implemented a system capable of creating dialogues based on the emotions of the characters and the perception of other character’s emotions in order to nourish and enrich storytelling systems.
Non-invasive method for leptin supplementation in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

I tested the hypothesis that recombinant leptin protein can be introduced to zebrafish in vivo through non-invasive soaking in a solution containing the protein. One way to study various molecules’ effects in vivo is through intraperitoneal or intracerebroventricular injections during the embryonic or larval stage, which is invasive, difficult to administer, and can have a high mortality rate. 48 hours post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish were soaked in a His-tagged recombinant leptin protein solution at 10 nM and 100 nM concentrations (produced by Genscript). After soaking, zebrafish larvae were washed extensively to remove all recombinant protein on their exterior before homogenization. The homogenate was evaluated for presence of His-tagged leptin protein using a western blot, which was quantified using ImageJ densitometry. Western blot results were indeterminate, and One-way ANOVA statistical analysis suggested there was no significant difference in mean protein uptake among larvae soaked in 0, 10 nM, or 100 nM leptin (p=0.5378). Relative target protein normalization with inconsistent β-actin loading control is likely to have affected results. Although results were inconclusive, this soaking method is still in its preliminary stages and should be explored in greater detail. Downstream applications of this technique include testing the effects of leptin on metabolic rate and whether leptin increases signal transduction in JAK-STAT pathways.
Atividade alimentar diária da cabrinha Prionotus punctatus (Teleostei: Triglidae) do litoral de Ubatuba, Brasil

Com o objetivo de se identificar a cronologia alimentar e comparar a composicao dos conteudos estomacais ao longo do dia foram obtidas amostras de Prionotus punctatus na plataforma interna ao largo de Ubatuba (SP), Brasil, durante o ciclo diario em janeiro/87, julho/88 e dezembro/88. As amostras foram obtidas com rede de arrasto de fundo, a intervalos de aproximadamente 3 horas. Atraves do acompanhamento da frequencia relativa dos graus de replecao, dos indicadores de replecao, do numero medio de presas frescas evidenciou-se nitidamente que Prionotus punctatus possui habito alimentar diurno com tendencia vespertina, podendo-se levantar a hipotese de ritmo circadiano na atividade alimentar. A composicao dos conteudos consistiu, principalmente de jovens de siris Portunus spinicarpus no verao (janeiro/87 e dezembro/88), e de jovens de Portunidae e camaroes Penaeidea (Sicyonidae e Pleoticus mullen) no inverno (julho/88). A composicao foi altamente similar durante a fase de atividade alimentar no inverno, enquanto que apresentou variacao tanto no verao/87 quanto no verao/88.
The Effects of Autonomy and Task meaning in Algorithmic Management of Crowdwork

With the tremendous development of AI technologies, people will increasingly encounter software algorithms that supervise their work. Algorithmic management is the term for AI that performs the functions traditionally reserved for human managers (hiring, firing, providing evaluative feedback, and setting compensation). Although such algorithms indisputably perform management functions, they are often framed as support tools that facilitate worker autonomy. Perceptions of autonomy can enhance productivity, especially when the work holds intrinsic meaning for workers. But crowdwork often seems meaningless. More problematically, the meaning of the work must sometimes be obscured due to reasons of security or experimental control (when the workers serve as subjects in a psychological experiment). In this paper, we conduct an on-line experiment (N=560) to investigate how autonomy-perceptions and the meaningfulness of work interact to shape crowdworker motivation. As predicted, we find that workers are motivated when their work has meaning and algorithmic management is framed in a way that makes worker autonomy salient. However, when work holds no meaning, we find productivity is enhanced when algorithms are framed in a way that makes algorithm control salient. We also find evidence that providing meaning to the work can introduce systematic biases in crowdworker responses that could undermine accuracy in certain contexts.
Interactive Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Drought on Wheat

Atmospheric CO 2 concentration (C a ) continues to rise. An imperative exists, therefore, to elucidate the interactive effects of elevated C a and drought on plant water relations of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A spring wheat (cv. Yecora Rojo) crop was exposed to ambient (Control: 370 μmol mol -1 ) and free-air CO 2 enrichment (FACE: ambient + 180 μmol mol -1 ) under ample (Wet), and reduced (Dry), water supplies (100 and 50% replacement of evapotranspiration, respectively) over a 2-yr study. Our objective was to characterize and quantify the responses of 26 edaphic, gas exchange, water relations, carbohydrate pool dynamics, growth, and development parameters to rising C a and drought. Increasing C a minimized the deleterious effects of soil-water depletion by increasing drought avoidance (i.e., lower stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, and growth and development of a more robust root system) and drought tolerance (i.e., enhanced osmoregulation and adaptation of tissue) mechanisms, resulting in a 30% reduction in water stress-induced midaftemoon depressions in net assimilation rate. An elevated C a -based increase in daily and seasonal carbon gain resulted in a positive feedback between source capacity (shoots) and sink demand (roots). Devoid of a concomitant rise in global temperature resulting from the rise in C a , improved water relations for a herbaceous, cool-season, annual, C 3 cereal monocot grass (i.e., wheat) are anticipated in a future high-CO 2 world. These findings are applicable to other graminaceous species of a similar function-type as wheat common to temperate zone grassland prairies and savannas, especially under dryland conditions.
Identification of protein superfamily from structurebased sequence motif

The structure-based sequence motif of the distant proteins in evolution, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) I and II superfamilies, as an example, has been defined by the structural comparison, structure-based sequence alignment and analyses on substitution patterns of residues in common sequence conserved regions. And the phosphatases I and II can be correctly identified together by the structure-based PTP sequence motif from SWISS-PROT and TrEBML databases. The results show that the correct rates of identification are over 98%. This is the first time to identify PTP I and II together by this motif.
Bird Assemblages in Anthropogenic Habitats: Identifying a Suitability Gradient for Native Species in the Atlantic Forest

Traditional approaches to the study of species persistence in fragmented landscapes generally consider a binary classification of habitat being suitable or unsuitable; however, the range of human‐modified habitats within a region may offer a gradient of habitat suitability (or conservation value) for species. We identified such a gradient by comparing bird assemblages among contrasting land uses (pine plantations of different age, annual crops, clear cuts and cattle pastures) in the Upper Parana Atlantic forest. Bird assemblages and vegetation structure were characterized in an extensive area of 4400 km2 in Argentina and Paraguay during the breeding seasons of 2005–2010. Similarity of bird assemblages between anthropogenic habitats and the native forest and the proportion of forest species increased with vegetation vertical structure, while the proportion of open‐area species decreased. As a consequence, mature tree plantations were the most suitable habitats for forest species and were mainly used by frugivores and bark insectivores. In contrast, open habitats were the least suitable habitat for forest species and were used primarily by insectivores. Human‐created habitats that are structurally complex can be used by a subset of forest species, and may improve functional connectivity and mitigate edge effects. The conservation of large tracks of native forests, however, is critical for the long‐term persistence of the entire bird assemblage, especially for native forest dependent species.
DESIGN OF A μ SYNTHESIS CONTROLLER TO STABILIZE

This paper presents the design of a centralized controller via μ synthesis for an unmanned helicopter. It is well known that partitioned controllers for a helicopter are based on partitioned systems and usually are in multi-loop manner. When the system is subjected to internal and external disturbances, the tuning of such a control system is very difficult and time-consuming. In this work, the centralized μ-controller (i.e. the controller designed using the un-partitioned helicopter system) for velocity and heading rate control is designed while a substantial amount of sensor noises, external disturbances in the form of wind gusts and model uncertainties is taken into account. The controller is then tested in simulations and briefly compared with a variant of H∞ controller.
MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN IN NEWFOUNDLAND: A GEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW AND A SUMMARY OF RECENT EXPLORATION DEVELOPMENTS

Molybdenum mineralization was first discovered in Newfoundland in the 1880s, and tungsten mineralization has been known for over 50 years. There has been intermittent exploration for these commodities, but they have not received the systematic attention that has been devoted to the base metals or gold. Commodity price increases in 2007 and 2008 led to more interest, and there are now two advanced exploration projects in southern Newfoundland. Based on the empirical evidence from surficial geochemical patterns and known mineralization, this region of the Island appears to have the greatest potential for future discoveries. Molybdenum is best known in the Devonian Ackley Granite, where it forms syngenetic, endocontact, disseminated deposits in evolved granitoid rocks, close to the original roof of the magma chamber. Locally, these occurrences have high grades (up to 0.5% Mo), but are of limited extent. However, buried extensions of the Ackley Granite may exist in the Fortune Bay area, and these could be associated with both endocontact and exocontact mineralization. In the Grey River area, a potentially significant, bulk-tonnage Mo deposit consists of epigenetic, sheeted to stockwork-style quartz veins in an older (unrelated) granitoid pluton. This is considered to be a porphyry-style deposit. Although grades are relatively low (<0.1% Mo), this is a large system that also contains Cu mineralization. The vein system is probably linked to a subsurface granite pluton that locally forms sheets and dykes within the deposit. These veins contain disseminated syngenetic molybdenite, suggesting a close genetic and temporal relationship. Molybdenum mineralization recently delineated in the Granite Lake area of southcentral Newfoundland is also associated with sheeted and stockwork-style quartz veining, and may have similar origins, although such genetic connections remain to be established. Vein-style tungsten mineralization is also best known in the Grey River area, where one such deposit contains a significant resource. It seems probable that this mineralization is genetically connected to the same buried pluton implicated for nearby Mo mineralization, and associated base-metal (± Au, Ag) veins may also be part of a larger zoned hydrothermal system. Tungsten is also associated with Mo mineralization in the Granite Lake area. Skarn-type W mineralization is uncommon, but it occurs in central Newfoundland, spatially associated with a large leucogranite pluton. This area may merit more detailed investigation for lower grade but larger W deposits, akin to those known in western Canada.
Cardiac physiology in tunas. I. In vitro perfused heart preparations from yellowfin and skipjack tunas

An in situ heart preparation perfused with oxygenated saline was used to examine cardiac performance at 25 °C in yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis). Heart rates (91–172 bpm in skipjack tuna and 101–157 bpm in yellowfin tuna) were comparable to those measured in vivo, and physiological stroke volumes were possible in yellowfin tuna with subambient filling pressures. In yellowfin tuna, maximum stroke volume and cardiac output were similar to the values obtained in vivo with spinally blocked animals; mean output pressures (up to 145 cmH2O, 1 cmH2O = 0.098 kPa) could exceed in vivo values without a major decrease in the resting cardiac output (homeometric regulation). In contrast, saline-perfused skipjack tuna hearts could not develop physiological output pressures without compromising cardiac output, with cardiac output being only 63% of the in vivo value at an output pressure near the in vivo ventral aortic pressure. The poor performance of the skipjack tuna heart is a.
Strategy to enhance solubility and dissolution of atorvastatin calcium by solid dispersion using super disintegrants

Atorvastatin calcium (AST) is an anticholestermic agent characterize by low solubility and high permeability which corresponds to BCS class II drug. The purpose of this study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drug AST by solid dispersion technique using super diintegrants such as Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and Crospovidone (CPD). Method: The solid dispersion of AST by physical mixing and solvent evaporation method were prepared using 1:1,1:3,1:5 and 1:7 ratio of drug to super disintegrants. Result: Solid dispersion were evaluated for Drug Content, Saturation solubility studies, Dissolution rate studies, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The results of FTIR demonstrate no detectable interaction between drug and super disintegrant and DSC analysis showed that sharp melting point was completely disappeared suggesting that the AST molecularly dispersed in amorphous in form. Conclusion: From solubility and dissolution data that it may concluded that through a solid dispersion prepared by solvent evaporation method in ratio 1:7 shows enhancement in solubility and dissolution but solid dispersion of drug with SSG in ratio 1:7 w/w shows better solubility and dissolution enhancement and solubility was increased almost 4 folds from this dispersion. Tablets were formulated containing optimised solid dispersion and compared with marketed tablet.
Supporting Blind People’s Mobility in Unknown Spaces by Prior VR Exploration

In this position paper for the CHI 2019 workshop "Hacking Blind Navigation" I present my position towards the importance and possibilities of blind people's interaction with virtual reality. Gaining a mental model of a real space by means of VR training is the main part of my PhD Thesis on which I'm currently working on. I summarize my research interests and results obtained so far against the background of related work to outline my contribution to this workshop and look forward to exchanging ideas and results in this exciting, multi-disciplinary field.
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) The role of radiative de-excitation in the neutralization process of highly charged ions interacting with a single layer of graphene

X-ray emission of slow (< 1 a.u.) highly charged Argon and Xenon ions is measured for transmission through a freestanding single layer of graphene. To discriminate against X-ray emission originating from the graphene's support grid a coincidence technique is used. X-ray emission of 75 keV Ar17+ and Ar18+ ions with either one or two K-shell vacancies is recorded. Using a windowless Bruker XFlash detector allows us to measure additionally Ar KLL and KLM Auger electrons and determine the branching ratio of radiative vs. non-radiative decay of Ar Kshell holes. Furthermore, X-ray spectra for 100 keV Xe22+-Xe35+ ions are compared, showing a broad M-line peak for all cases, where M-shell vacancies are available. All these peaks are accompanied by emission lines at still higher energies indicating the presence of a hollow atom during X-ray decay. We report a linear shift of the main M-line peak to higher energies for increasing incident charge state, i.e. increasing number of M-shell holes.
Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures

To cite this article: Amin Termeh Yousefi, Samira Bagheri, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mohamad Rusop Mahmood & Shoichiro Ikeda (2015) Controlling Vaporization Time as Effective Parameter on Purified Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes Based on CVD Method, Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 23:12, 1103-1107, DOI: 10.1080/1536383X.2015. 1075514 To link to this article: http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/1536383X.2015. 1075514
Groundwater recharge and baseflow as products of climate: example of Southeast Bulgaria

The study area is located in Southeast Bulgaria. The main factors affecting climate in Burgas lowland are the proximity to the Black Sea and to mountains. The aim of the study is to quantify the long-term value of the baseflow and other water balance elements. The methods include Turc-Radiation equation, equation relating baseflow coefficient with the aridity index, regression set for Conterminous USA based on climatic parameters, etc. All water balance elements are estimated as reasonable, as compared with available data from previous studies. Therefore, the methods applied are recognized as suitable for the study area. The results show that the baseflow varies from 20 to 70 mm per year, and the baseflow coefficient ranges from 5 to 10 percent in respect to the proximity to the Black Sea coast. Possible impact of the climate change on the groundwater recharge and baseflow is evaluated based on the climate scenario for the period between 2040 and 2070. The expected decrease of baseflow as a result of the increased aridity is up to 50% in comparison to the baseline state.
Restorative effect of Curcuma longa on arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Arsenic is a metalloid that can be toxic to humans and other living organisms, occurs naturally and anthropogenically throughout the world at varying concentrations, including concentrations of concern in soil or groundwater. Presently, in Bihar (India) 16 districts are affected with arsenic poisoning in ground water causing lots of health hazards among the population and presently there is no solution for them. This arsenic intoxication has caused lots of problems related to kidney. The present study investigated the restorative effect Curcuma longa (Turmeric) on sodium arsenite induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Sodium arsenite (8 mg/kg/day p.o. 8 weeks) was administered to produce nephrotoxicity in rats followed by administration of Curcuma longa (100 mg/kg/day p.o. 4 weeks) to attenuate the arsenic mediated nephro-toxicity. The kidney function tests were assayed and were found with elevated levels of urea, uric acid, and creatinine. Furthermore, their free radical assessment like lipid peroxidation levels were assayed which was found significantly high. But, after administration of aqueous extract of Curcuma longa, it caused significant restoration in serum levels of urea, uric acid, creatinine, and lipid peroxidation levels. Thus, it is evident from study that Curcuma longa possesses antidote and acts effectively against arsenic induced
Evaluation of the Chemotherapy Toxicity Risk Score (CTRS) for Treatment Decision in Elderly Cancer Patients

Treatment Decision in Elderly Cancer Patients Tomohiro Funakoshi, Hyman Muss, Ajeet Gajra, Arti Hurria A. SPECIFIC AIMS The treatment of older adults with cancer is complicated by the heterogeneous aging process and the frequent presence of comorbidities. Although cancer patients over age 65 represent the fastest growing segment of the cancer population, a tremendous gap in knowledge exists regarding the optimal management of advanced cancer in these patients, including how to determine if a patient is fit or unfit to receive standard of care chemotherapy. A predictive model for chemotherapy toxicity in older adults -the Chemotherapy Toxicity Risk Score (CTRS) -was developed in a prospective study of 500 cancer patients ≥ 65 years. [1] The CTRS score is derived from five measures included in a brief Geriatric Assessment (GA) (hearing, falls in the last 6 months, ability to take medications unassisted, ability to walk one block, engagement in social activity) and six non-GA measures (age, type of cancer, chemotherapy dose, polychemotherapy, hemoglobin level, creatinine clearance). The CTRS identified older adults at low (0 to 5 points; 30%), intermediate (6 to 9 points; 52%), or high risk (10 to 19 points; 83%) of chemotherapy toxicity, defined as percent incidence of grade 3 to 5 toxicity. In the study for the CTRS development, the dose and regimen were at the discretion of the treating oncologist. Notably, a planned dose reduction of chemotherapy at first cycle, designated as primary dose reduction (PDR), was documented in 26/179 (15%) and 81/321 (25%) of patients treated with curative and palliative intent, respectively. PDR was supposedly used by the treating oncologist in patients who were felt to be at high risk for chemotherapy toxicity. Gajra et al. reported age was independently associated with PDR in both sub-groups. Comorbidity (prior cancer or liver/kidney disease) was independently associated with PDR in the palliative subgroup alone while Karnofsky Performance Status was not associated with PDR in either subgroup. [2] The potential utility of the CTRS for chemotherapy decision making in older patients with advanced solid cancer has not been studied. And it has not been fully elucidated what factors may be associated with the clinical judgment to reduce chemotherapy. To address these research questions, we propose to conduct a secondary analysis of the prospective cohort study for the CTRS development. Specific aims of the study are: