Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Duty-period-based network model for airline crew rescheduling

Airline rescheduling is a relatively new field in airline Operations Research but increasing amounts of traffic will make disturbances to the original schedule more frequent and more severe, and thus the need to address the various problems arising from this situation with systematic, cost-efficient approaches is becoming more urgent. One such problem is crew rescheduling where after a disturbance in the crew schedule the aim is to determine new crew assignments that minimize the 'impact' on the original schedule. 'Impact' is most often defined as the number of changes in the crew schedule, but could also be seen as either the costs incurred by the changes or the period of time until full recovery is achieved. In this work we present a new duty-period-based formulation for the airline crew rescheduling problem that uses a new type of resource constraints to efficiently cover the various labor regulations and that is tailored to the needs of European airlines, as well as a solution method based on branch-and-price. The solution method is tested on various rescheduling scenarios, each with several distinct cases. Especially solution time is a critical factor and the results show that the solution method is capable of providing solutions within the short period of time available to a rescheduler after a disturbance occurs.
Study of chiral vortical and magnetic effects in the anomalous transport model

We extend our recent study of chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions based on an anomalous transport model by including also the chiral vortical effect. We find that although vorticities in the chirally restored quark matter, which result from the large angular momentum in non-central collisions, can generate an axial charge dipole moment in the transverse plane of a heavy ion collision, it does not produce a difference in the eccentricities of negatively and positively charged particles. As a result, including the chiral vortical effect alone cannot lead to a splitting between the elliptic flows of negatively and positively charged particles. On the other hand, negatively and positively charged particles do develop a splitting in their elliptic flows if the effect due to a strong and long-lived magnetic field is also included. However, to have a positive slope in the dependence of the elliptic flow splitting on the charge asymmetry of the quark matter, as seen in experiments, requires the neglect of the effect of the Lorentz force. In this case, an elliptic flow splitting appears even at vanishing charge asymmetry.
Two Roads Converging: Mitochondria and Inflammatory

As the complexity of cellular signaling in inflammatory response emerges, it is increasingly clear that mitochondria are directly involved in, and in some cases are even required for, activation of inflammatory response. As a bioenergetic organellar network, mitochondria dynamically modulate their organization and function in response to cellular signaling cues and metabolic demand. The NLRP3 inflammasome, a caspase-activating multifactor scaffolding assembly, is directly activated by mitochondrial factors and functional parameters. Mitochondria are also heavily implicated as downstream targets of inflammation in a variety of tissues. Elevated inflammation and cytokine-mediated damage to mitochondria are implicated in the pathogenesis of disparate conditions such as Type 2 diabetes and autism spectrum disorders. Recent findings indicate that mitochondrial factors are released as extracellular mediators of inflammatory response. Here, we discuss the mechanistic interaction of mitochondria in inflammatory signaling, as well as the implications for inflammatory mitochondrial damage as a causative force in highly prevalent human diseases.
Low transformation temperature weld filler for tensile residual stresses reduction

An attractive, alternative approach for the reduction of harmful residual stresses in weld zones is reviewed, which utilises low temperature, solid-state, displacive phase transformations in steel. The theory, latest concepts and practice for the design of such low transformation temperature (LTT) filler alloys are considered. By engineering the phase transformation temperature of the weld metal so as to take advantage of transformation expansion, the residual stress state within the weld zone can be significantly altered, most particularly where the weld thermally contracts with any movement of base parts constrained. To date, the technique has been shown to increase fatigue strength for some common weld geometries, which may enable engineering design codes to be favourably re-drafted where such LTT filler alloys are used.
Using the Internet To Enhance Test Interpretation.

The Internet is now adding the potential for remote delivery of test administration, scoring, profiling, report writing, and multimedia functions, as well as cost-effective capability in communication and links to related information. Using the Internet to enhance test interpretation is the focus of this paper. A review of potential Internet applications in test interpretations is provided. One important advantage of using the Internet as a test interpretation resource is the ease with which the interpretive data can be kept current. Client preparation for test interpretation, generalized test interpretation, specific test interpretation, and supervision are covered. All of these applications can be accomplished with technology that is currently available. Computer-based test interpretation, two-way videoconferencing, moderated list servers, moderated computer conference, and follow-up resource links are potentially powerful features of the Internet available to test users. Issues discussed associated with Internet use in test interpretation include inappropriate use of counselor-mediated assessment, relationship issues, ethical issues, credentialing, and counselor training. Given the general direction of change, it would seem wise to experiment with appropriate applications of this technology and proactively deal with potential limitations while there is still time to shape the early adoption of the Internet in testing. (EMK) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** The Internet and Test Interpretation 1 Using the Internet to Enhance Test Interpretation by James P. Sampson, Jr. Plenary paper presented at the Assessment '98 Conference: Assessment for ChangeChanges in Assessment, St. Petersburg, Florida, January 18, 1998 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quahty. Points of view or optrons stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or pohcy. "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC). " James P. Sampson, Jr. is Professor and Co-Director of the Center for the Study of Technology in Counseling and Career Development at Florida State University. Appreciation is expressed to Thomas Clawson, Janet Lenz, Robert Reardon, and Sandra Sampson for their comments on initial drafts of this paper. Correspondence should be addressed to James P. Sampson, Jr., University Center, Suite A4100, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 323062490, (850) 644-2490 (voice) 644-3273 (FAX), jpsampso@garnet.acns. fsu.edu, CD www.aus. fsu.eduftechcntr/
Las cooperativas en el Desarrollo Social: el caso de seis cooperativas de la Región Central Occidental de Costa Rica

El siguiente articulo presenta los resultados del proyecto de investigacion ”La promocion del desarrollo social de las cooperativas en la Region Central Occidental de Costa Rica, desde la perspectiva del Trabajo Social”. Su objetivo principal es exponer las acciones que seis cooperativas de la Region realizaron para promover el desarrollo social en sus miembros y en las comunidades involucradas. Asi mismo, describe las fortalezas y debilidades de estas cooperativas para alcanzar tal fin.El articulo se estructura en cuatro apartados: el primero expone las categorias teoricas que fueron la base para el analisis de la realidad de investigacion, en el segundo presenta la manera como se realizo el proceso de investigacion. Posteriormente, se demuestran los principales hallazgos que se obtuvieron con el acercamiento a las seis cooperativas seleccionadas y, por ultimo, se exponen las principales conclusiones.
Effects of Tiered Training on General Education Teachers' Use of Specific Praise

Michele Terry Thompson Department of Counseling, Psychology and Special Education Master of Science Research suggests a compelling correlation between teacher behavior and effective learning environments (Sutherland & Morgan, 2003; Brophy & Good, 1986). Focusing on the evidence-based teaching skill of offering behavior-specific praise (BSP), the researcher worked with 3 elementary-level general educators in a tiered model of instruction, commonly known as response to intervention (RtI). Although RtI commonly provides targeted instructional support to students, this study, a systematic replication of Myers, Simonsen and Sugai (2011), used the RtI framework to provide professional development to teachers. The researcher also tracked the behavior of 3 students, identified by the teachers as having behavioral difficulties, who became the focus of each teacher‘s BSP. Results showed rapid and somewhat sustained increases in rates of BSP following the Tier 2 and 3 interventions (video self-monitoring and peer coaching), but not following the Tier 1 intervention (schoolwide in-service training). Averages for all 3 students‘ on-task behavior increased with increased teacher BSP. Implications for educators, administrators, and researchers are discussed.
ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPATIAL CLUSTERING, INEQUALITY, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE UNITED STATES : 1969-2000

The literature on economic development has been divided as to the nature of the relationship between inequality and growth. Recent exploratory work in the field has provided evidence that the dynamic and spatial relationships between the two may be far more complicated than previously thought. This paper provides an spatial econometric specification for the analysis of economic growth, that allows for simultaneity as it relates to inequality. Furthermore, attention is given to the possible impacts of local clustering on the performance of individual economies in a global setting. The new methodology is applied to the US states from 1969–2000, where the counties are used for the local inequality and clustering estimates.
Potential of Art as a Form of Social Experiment

Experiment as a method of scientific cognition emerged in the early modern period. However, science is not the only field for experimental research. Cognitive potential of art has been repeatedly pointed out in the history of aesthetic thought. Art could be seen as a form of social experiment, due to the fact that the work of art is constructed according to a specific logic which could be described as “what would happen, if. ” The object for experiment in art can be reality itself as well as other works of art. Artistic experiment increases the cognitive potential of culture, enabling us to imagine not only the objective reality, but the potential reality as well.
Estimating Labor Supply at the Extensive Margin in the presence of Sample Selection Bias

This paper illustrates the static labor supply model using a large cross sectional data set encompassing the countries of Great Britain. I focus on estimating the labor force participation decision what is referred in the literature as labor supply on the extensive margin. The sensitivity along the extensive margin is expressed by calculating two specifications of a participation elasticity, defined as the percentage change in the labor force participation rate induced by a one percentage change in the gross wage or the net effective wage. The elasticities of labor supply are computed separately for men and women. The basic problem in estimating labor supply models with non-workers is unobservability of their wage rates that makes a non-random nature of the sample. I follow Heckman (1979) approach to correct for sample selection bias by estimating wage equation for workers and non-workers. Predicted wage rates along with non-wage incomes and a range of household characteristics are used in the probit regression model while the standard errors of the predicted wage rates were bootstrapped to correct for error-prone sampling distribution of predicted wage regressors that are non-linear functions of the estimated model parameters. I find that semi-elasticities of labor supply on the extensive margin with respect to gross wage are 0.09 and -0.03 percentage points for men and women, respectively. Using the net effective wage rate these elasticities are 0.10 and -0.01 for men and women, respectively. Both estimated elasticities are marginally larger in the net effective wage specification which I interpreted as a marginal incentive for men to join the labor market and less disincentive effect for women to withdraw from the labor market.
Rural and Urban Migrants in India: 1983–2008

This paper characterizes the gross and net migration flows between rural and urban areas in India during the period 1983–2008. Using individual data from the National Sample Survey of India we show that the 5-year gross migration flows constitute about 10% of India's labor force and are stable over time. Migrants tend to be younger and more educated than nonmigrants. They also are more likely to work part-time and in regular employment and less likely to be self-employed. Migrants from rural and urban areas have higher mean and median wages relative to nonmigrants in the same locations. However, there are differences in the size of the wage gaps along the wage distribution and their dynamics over time.
Gut bacterial microbiota in psoriasis: A case control study

Gut microbiota is mainly composed of four phyla; however, the human gut microbiota is dominated by only 2 of them and most of them are uncultivable. Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disorder with associated inflammation of internal organs and musculoskeletal system. This study aimed to, identify numerically abundant bacteria phyla in fecal samples of patients with psoriasis, evaluate whether differences in fecal microbiota correlate with the occurrence of psoriasis and understand the possible pathogenesis behind psoriasis-related bacterial targets. From April, 2015 to 2016, 90 adults were selected prospectively to allocate 2 equal groups: Gr1 (45 cases) patients with psoriasis, and Gr2 (45 cases) healthy controls. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) for each psoriasis patient was detected. All subjects were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and fecal real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacterial phyla. In both groups, Firmicutes were the most common detected phylum followed by Bacteroidetes and finally Actinobacterial phyla. High statistically significant difference was reported for the Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio between the psoriasis patients and the control group and showed statistically significant positive correlations with PASI. Actinobacterial count was significantly higher in the control group than in psoriasis patients and showed statistically significant negative correlations with PASI. It is believed that, there are fractions of the gut microbiota with the ability to counteract inflammation (Bacteroidetes and Actinobacterial), and others that are more prone to induce inflammation (Firmicutes) and the disturbed microbiome ratio may be the cause for inducing psoriasis. Key words: Psoriasis, gut microbiota, real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), firmicutes, bacteroidetes, actinobacteria.
Statistics in animal breeding: angels and demons.

INTRODUCTION Statistical science is central to animal breeding and quantitative genetics. It would be redundant to argue why; the case has been made at least since 1974, then at the Madrid Congress. The WCGALP Proceedings contain information on how statistical ideas evolved in animal breeding. Briefly, path analysis and correlations (Wright, Lush) were replaced by linear least-squares (Harvey), the latter was recognized to be a special case of maximum likelihood under normality (Searle), random effects models came into the picture, and best linear unbiased prediction (Henderson), followed by REML (Robin Thompson) became focal points. Subsequently, non-linear specifications captured some attention (notably threshold models and survival analysis), Bayesian demons (unmentionable) became possessive, in spite of many futile Fugite partes adversae exorcisms, and longitudinal data structures begun to be exploited, primarily in dairy cattle breeding. Any serious student should also be familiar with foundational work of Fisher, Haldane and Pearson. Many other names can be added to the list (yes, we love you, even though you are not here), but these, we believe, were at the center of the stage.
Identifying the Grain Chalkiness Gene Using Molecular Marker Techniques in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Chalkiness is a major constraint on rice production because it is one of the key factors determining grain quality (appearance, processing, milling, storing, eating, and cooking quality) and price. In this study, we conducted grain chalkiness gene identification using co-dominant insertion/deletion (INDEL) markers and SSR marker combination on 50 different varieties. The application results in 7 InDel markers and SSR marker on chromosome 7 were recorded. Three primers, InDel 5, InDel 14 and RM21938, associated with grain chalkiness. For the InDel 5 primer, the amplification product was 100%. Use of primer InDel 5 in detection and evaluation of genotype to the chalkiness trait of rice grain on 50 rice varieties indicated the suitability level with phenotypic evaluation was 86% and the unsuitability level was 14%. For the InDel 14 primer, the amplification products were 100%. The suitability with phenotypic assessment was 84% and the unsuitability was 16%. For the RM21938 primer, the amplification product was 94%. The suitability with phenotypic assessment was 76% and the unsuitability was 24%. Thirteen of the selected varieties had grain chalkiness gene both InDel 5, InDel 14 and RM21938. Total 13 varieties were detected from InDel 5, InDel 14 and RM12938 primer combinations also showed high efficiency of the InDel technique in identifying chalkiness gene in rice grain. A cluster analysis was performed and a dendrogram was constructed which evinced the nature of phylogenetic classification among the genotypes of the varieties. These markers could be used for developing quality of rice in breeding program.
How to Identify and Predict Bull and Bear Markets

Characterizing financial markets as bullish or bearish comprehensively describes the behavior of a market. However, because these terms lack a unique definition, several fundamentally different methods exist to identify and predict bull and bear markets. We compare methods based on rules with methods based on econometric models, in particular Markov regime-switching models. The rules-based methods purely reflect the direction of the market, while the regime-switching models take both signs and volatility of returns into account, and can also accommodate booms and crashes. The out-of-sample predictions of the regime-switching models score highest on statistical accuracy. To the contrary, the investment performance of the algorithm of Lunde and Timmermann [Lunde A. and A. Timmermann, 2004, Duration Dependence in Stock Prices: An Analysis of Bull and Bear Markets, Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 22(3):253–273] is best. With a yearly excess return of 10.5% and Sharpe ratio of 0.60, it outperforms the other methods and a buy-and-hold strategy.
Waseda @ TRECVID 2015: Semantic Indexing

Waseda participated in the TRECVID 2015 Semantic Indexing (SIN) task [6]. For the SIN task, our approach used the following processing pipelines: feature extraction using several deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs); classiﬁcation of the presence or absence of a detection target by support vector machines (SVMs); and fusion of multiple score outputs. In order to improve the performance of semantic video indexing, we employed the following techniques: utilizing multiple evidences observed in each video and compressing them into a ﬁxed-length vector; introducing gradient and motion features to CNNs; enriching variations of the training and the testing sets; and extracting features from several CNNs trained with various large-scale datasets. Through these techniques, our best run achieved a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 30.9%. This was ranked 2nd among all the participants.
Synthesis of Core-Shell Carbon Encapsulated Fe 2 O 3 Composite through a Facile Hydrothermal Approach and Their Application as Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Carbon encapsulated Fe2O3 nanoparticles (C@Fe2O3) were successfully synthesized via a facile and environmentally friendly hydrothermal method and prototyped in anode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). High-resolution transmission and scanning electronic microscopy observations exhibited the formation of a highly core-shelled C@Fe2O3 composite consisting of carbon layers coated onto uniform Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a median diameter of 46.1 nm. This core-shell structure can repress the aggregation of Fe2O3 nanoparticles, preventing the harsh volume change of the electrode, enhancing the electric conductivity of the active materials, and promoting Na-ion transformation during cycling. The electrochemical performances of the C@Fe2O3 composite, as anodes for SIBs, retained a reversible capacity of 305 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 50 mA g−1 and exhibited an excellent cyclability at various current densities due to the synergistic effect between the carbon layers and Fe2O3. These results suggest that C@Fe2O3 composites present much potential as anode materials for rechargeable SIBs.