Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Healing and Functional Outcomes of Untreated Ulnar Styloid Fractures Following Volar Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures: A Prospective Analysis

Background: Ulnar styloid fractures (USFs) are common concomitant injuries associated with distal radius fractures (DRFs). Recent studies have found conflicting evidence on whether these fractures treated or untreated effect pain and functional outcomes. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate pain and function outcomes of consecutively untreated USFs in surgically repaired DRFs. The study hypothesis was that there would be no difference in outcomes whether an USF is present or not, with all cases left untreated. Methods: A prospective study at a single institution of consecutive DRF treated surgically with volar locked plating was undertaken. No patients underwent fixation of an USF if present. There were no treated USF that were excluded. Patients with associated ulnar neck and shaft fractures were excluded. Functional outcome measures were analyzed using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score (QDASH) and the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) scores. Outcome measures were collected at 3 months and 1 year postoperatively. Results: There was an incidence of 52.2% (n = 70/134) USF associated with surgically treated DRF. By location, there were 52.9% (n = 37/70) ulnar styloid tip fractures and 46.1% (33/70) ulnar styloid base. There were 75.7% of USF (53/70) still not healed by 1-year follow-up. When comparing patients with a DRF without an USF versus DRF with an associated USF at 12 months, there was no statistical difference in the QDASH score (6.7 vs 8.4, P = .47) or the PRWE total score (4.8 vs 7.5, P = .24). Similarly, subgroup analysis showed no statistical difference in QDASH or PRWE scores at final follow-up in united USF versus nonunited USF subjects (QDASH 14.2 vs 6.8, P = .112; PRWE 14.8 vs 5.4, P = .185). Conclusions: USFs are a common concomitant injury occurring in nearly half of DRFs treated surgically. Our prospective cohort analysis showed that neither the presence, type, nor bony union status of a concomitant USF has any significant effect on patient outcomes or reoperations at 1-year postoperatively. Our study confirms our hypothesis that USF of the tip and base should be left untreated.
HAND1 loss-of-function within the embryonic myocardium reveals survivable congenital cardiac defects and adult heart failure.

AIMS To examine the role of the basic Helix-loop-Helix (bHLH) transcription factor HAND1 in embryonic and adult myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS Hand1 is expressed within the cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle (LV) and myocardial cuff between embryonic days (E) 9.5-13.5. Hand gene dosage plays an important role in ventricular morphology and the contribution of Hand1 to congenital heart defects requires further interrogation. Conditional ablation of Hand1 was carried out using either Nkx2.5 knockin Cre (Nkx2.5Cre) or α-myosin heavy chain Cre (αMhc-Cre) driver. Interrogation of transcriptome data via Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) reveals several gene regulatory pathways disrupted including translation and cardiac hypertrophy-related pathways. Embryo and adult hearts were subjected to histological, functional and molecular analyses. Myocardial deletion of Hand1 results in morphological defects that include cardiac conduction system defects, survivable interventricular septal defects (VSDs), and abnormal LV papillary muscles (PM). Resulting Hand1 conditional mutants are born at Mendelian frequencies; but the morphological alterations acquired during cardiac development result in, the mice developing diastolic heart failure. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data reveal that Hand1 contributes to the morphogenic patterning and maturation of cardiomyocytes during embryogenesis and although survivable, indicates a role for Hand1 within the developing conduction system and papillary muscle development. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Cardiogenesis is a complex process that integrates the cell specification and morphological patterning of a number of cell types to form a patent functioning heart. The bHLH factor HAND1 is expressed within the early heart left ventricular myocardium where its loss of function impacts left ventricular morphology and mitral valve function, Moreover, cardiac conduction is altered in Hand1 mutant mice resembling right bundle branch block. Clinically, this data suggests that examining mutations in HAND1 in adults may prove an effective marker for cardiac disease.
High-Performance Transparent Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diode with Patchable Transparent Electrodes.

Patchable electrodes are attractive for applications in optoelectronic devices because of their easy and reliable processability. However, development of reliable patchable transparent electrodes (TEs) with high optoelectronic performance is challenging; till now, optoelectronic devices fabricated with patchable TEs have been exhibiting limited performance. In this study, Ag nanowire (AgNW)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) patchable TEs are developed and the highly efficient transparent quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) using the patchable TEs are fabricated. AgNWs with optimized optoelectronic properties (figure of merit ≈ 3.3 × 10-2) are coated by an ultrathin PMMA nanolayer and transferred to thermal release tapes that enable physical attachment of TEs on the QLEDs without a significant damage to the adjacent active layer. The transparent QLEDs using patchable transparent top electrodes display excellent performance, with the maximum total luminance and current efficiency of 27 310 cd·m-2 and 45.99 cd·A-1, respectively. Fabricated by all-solution-based processes, these QLEDs exhibit the best performance to date among devices adopting patchable top electrodes.
Modeling by Petri net with place invariants for sequential control systems

It is difficult to model a discrete system than a continuous system. Recently, a great number of applications of Petri nets to the design and the analysis of discrete systems have been reported. However, a common problem in its applications is that the required computer memories and the computation times increase explosively in accordance with the increase in the number of systems' components. Some methods to divide or to reduce Petrinets have been proposed to solve this problem. Although the liveness and boundedness of Petri nets are held in the divided or reduced Petri nets, the reachability problem can not be solved by these methods.In this paper, we propose another method to model discrete systems by Petri nets with place invariants. Sequential control system will be described as a typical kind of discrete systems, and its structural characteristics will be used in modeling. Each component of a sequential control system will be modeled by a sub Petri net with place invariants. There are many components in one sequential control system, but each one is not necessarily complicated. Most sub Petri nets do not have so many places or transitions. It is also well known that a Petri net with place invariants is bounded and can be live by being put sufficient tokens into its initial marking. Besides, the reachability problem is not so difficult to solve in a small sub Petri net. Further, we define an activating relation to combine two or more sub Petri nets. And, some rules to reduce conflicts among enabled transitions will be described for simulations.
Predictive Modeling With Psychological Panel Data

Longitudinal panels include several thousand participants and variables. Traditionally, psychologists analyze only a few variables – partly because common unregularized linear models perform poorly when the number of variables (p) approaches the number of observations (N). Predictive modeling methods can be used when N p situations arise in psychological research. We illustrate these techniques on exemplary variables from the German GESIS Panel, while describing the choice of preprocessing, model classes, resampling techniques, hyperparameter tuning, and performance measures. In analyses with about 2,000 subjects and variables each, we predict panelists’ gender, sick days, an evaluation of US President Trump, income, life satisfaction, and sleep satisfaction. Elastic net and random forest models were compared to dummy predictions in benchmark experiments. While good performance was achieved, the linear elastic net performed similar to the nonlinear random forest. Elastic nets were refitted to extract the ten most important predictors. Their interpretation validates our approach, and further modeling options are discussed. Code can be found at https://osf.io/zpse3/
Evaluation of K-Ras mutation and Fas tissue expression in common neoplastic and nonneoplastic colonic lesions

Background Nowadays neoplastic and nonneoplastic colonic lesions represent a existing danger in Egypt, where the incidence rate is continuously progressing, and are more commonly seen in the younger age group. Hypothesis is to study role of K-Ras oncogene and Fas receptor protein in colonic lesions among Egyptians and their impact on grades and stages of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Patients and methods This study enrolled 85 cases: control 10, ulcerative colitis (UC) with and without dysplasia 3 and 7, respectively, Crohn’s disease (CD) 10, bilharzial colitis 15, and CRC 40. Immunohistochemical staining for K-Ras and Fas monoclonal antibodies was done. Results K-Ras was negative in control. UC with and without dysplasia, CD and bilharzial colitis showed positivity for K-Ras relative to CRC (P<0.05). CRC showed a positive correlation between the extent of expression of K-Ras and both the disease grades and the Dukes stages of CRC. Seventy percent of control were positive for Fas relative to CRC (P<0.01). UC with and without dysplasia, CD, and bilharzial colitis showed positivity for Fas relative to CRC (P<0.01). CRC showed a significant inverse correlation between the extent of positive expression of Fas and both disease grades and the Dukes/ stages of CRC. Conclusions We concluded that CRC showed the most intense K-Ras expression suggesting that it is playing an important role in disease progression. K-Ras mutation was not intensely expressed in UC and CD with dysplasia suggesting that it is not the only factor involved in progression to neoplasia. CRC expresses significant lower levels of Fas relative to other studied groups. This supports the idea of the ability of neoplastic cells to escape the host immune system by avoiding apoptosis and thus can progress to more advanced stages.
Police Officers ’ Rape Myth Acceptance : Examining the Role of Officer Characteristics , Estimates of False Reporting , and Social Desirability Bias

This study examines police officers’ perceptions of sexual assault and those who report sexual assault to the police, using a revised version of the Rape Myth Acceptance Scale along with a measure of social desirability bias. The study includes survey responses from 174 officers from 1 mid-sized police department in the Great Lakes region. Results show low to moderate levels of rape myth acceptance scores on the Rape Myth Acceptance Scale, with highest scores related to victim lying. Officers report very high estimates of false reporting, indicating some rape myth acceptance. Officer level of education, rank, and estimates of false reporting influence rape myth acceptance; however, social desirability bias is an important explanatory factor. Implications for measurement and training are discussed.
Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing (3rd Edition) is written by William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling, and Brian P. Flannery, and published by Cambridge University Press, © 2007, hardback, ISBN 978-0-521-88068-8, 1235 pp.

If you find yourself in need of a resource book for numerical computing that contains advice and solutions for many of your everyday numerical computing problems, then this may just be the book for you. The lineage of the the Numerical Recipes books goes back to the mid 1980's, when I can recall using recipes in both FORTRAN and C. This was at the advent of the internet and before the open source software movement, so having a resource such as this was valuable. Not only did the book give advice for solving numerical problems, but it was also possible to avoid a lot of typing by purchasing the companion code CD. The software alternatives were expensive and did not come with the discourse given in the Numerical Recipe book. Today, this third edition of Numerical Recipes remains a broad one volume tome for numerically solving a wide range of mathematical , statistical, and computational problems. The code for this book is done with C++. In the preface it is pointed out that several hundred pages of new material have been added. This new materi
Coercive Control and the Stay – Leave Decision : The Role of Latent Tactics Among a Sample of Abused Pregnant Women

Prior research on intimate partner violence (IPV) and a survivor’s decision whether to remain in or leave a violent relationship has often been framed by the question “why do they stay? ” This study looks reframe the discussion and examine one facet of this stay–leave decision: abusers’ use of coercive control tactics. Using a qualitative approach with a sample of pregnant women exposed to IPV, we sought to expand on the current knowledge by looking at coercive control more broadly via an open-ended assessment. Interview responses show that (a) coercive control was experienced by most of the women in this sample and (b) coercion most often took the form of “latent” or hidden control, including such tactics as providing incentives, showing remorse, and making promises. However, such latent coercive tactics are rarely assessed in IPV survivors and represent an important factor deserving of further research and recognition.
Experience with instrumental methods in radiopharmacy as a tool of radiation protection optimization

Background: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effect of instrumental methods in radiopharmacy on radiation exposure of the staff preparing radiopharmaceuticals. Methods: Instrumental methods in radiopharmacy are used since 2004 as a tool of radiation protection optimization for the pharmacists after positron-emission tomography (PET) introduction to the department of nuclear medicine of Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (MMCI) in 2003. During 14 years of providing PET radiopharmaceuticals, different equipment and processes were used—DDS-A, &mgr;DDS-A and KARl100 (all Tema Sinergie). The increase in a number of instrumental equipment—2 &mgr;DDS-A and 1 KARl100, allows preparing 3 different radiopharmaceutical for PET (either [18F]FDG, [18F]FLT, [18F]NaF, [18F]choline, [18F]Vizamyl, [18C]methionine) in 1 day. The radiation exposure to the radiopharmacists was evaluated from ring dosimeters. Results: The introduction of PET in 2003 led to rise of the radiation dose over legislation limits to the radiopharmacists with personal maximum of 814.4 mSv/y for hands. As a tool of optimization, instrumental preparing radiopharmaceuticals for PET using DDS-A was introduced. In 2004, rapid reduction of radiation dose was recorded to personal maximum of 106.97 mSv/y for hands. The increase of number and types of PET radiopharmaceuticals used during 1 day required upgrade of equipment used and increase in its number. In 2009, former DDS-A was replaced by 2 &mgr;DDS-A. Another tool, KARl100 was installed in 2016. This led to further significant reduction of radiation dose to personal maximum of 24.91 mSv/y for hands. Conclusions: Introduction of PET and the need to prepare several different types of radiopharmaceutical lead to rise of radiation exposure and received dose of radiopharmacists. Introduction of instrumental methods in radiopharmacy is a tool for radiation protection optimization. In conclusion, it is the possible to state that instrumental methods in radiopharmacy have a significant effect on radiation protection of the radiopharmacists.
Expression of TMPRSS2/ERG oncoprotein in prostatic carcinoma: a correlative study with Gleason score and specimen type

Materials and methods Sixty Pca specimens were collected including 34 radical prostatectomy specimens and 26 core biopsies. Specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain and re-evaluated. Immunohistochemistry was carried out using mouse anti-ERG antibody. Any degree of nuclear staining was considered positive. The percentage of positive cells were calculated and graded as follows: 1+ (weak)= less than 10%, 2+ (moderate)=11–50%, and 3+ (strong)=more than 50% tumor cells stained positive. For statistical purpose, the grading of the expression was categorized into two main categories: low, which includes negative and weak expression, and high, which includes moderate and high expression. Strongly positive vascular endothelial cells were used as an internal control. χ test was used in the statistical study of the presented work.
Modeling, Design and Test of an Integrated Optical Neural Recording Device

It has long been a goal of neuroscientists to understand how electrophysiological activity in the nervous system corresponds to, and causes, specific physiological actions. Such knowledge could be used to develop cures for disabilities related to nervous system dysfunction, and to control artificial limbs or restore motion to a paralyzed patient. This has motivated research into technologies, broadly termed brain-machine interfaces, for interfacing with the nervous system. One category of such neural interfaces is implantable neural recording devices, which monitor and record neural signals through a microelectronic device implanted in the body. Typical implantable neural recording devices use a micro-electrode array to record electrical signals simultaneously from a multitude of neurons. Unfortunately, devices employing micro-electrode arrays have several issues from both the biological and circuit design points of view. These issues include tissue damage due to implantation of a micro-electrode array, degradation of recording fidelity over time, limited spatial resolution, the requirement to maintain charge balance in tissue, and the difficulty in implementing low-frequency (large time constant) filter cutoffs with limited chip area. These issues provided the motivation to investigate alternative methods for neural recording namely optical methods based on fluorescence detection with voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins. Optical recording methods can alleviate many of the issues with electrical recording, as well as provide other advantages, such as recording targeted to specific neurons/neuron types and higher spatial resolution due to reduced recording site pitch. The major limitations of fully implantable optical recording devices stem from size constraints, the attenuation of light in tissue, which limits imaging depth, and the need for genetically programmed voltagesensitive fluorescent proteins, which must be introduced to the tissue in the case of chronic
Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. VIII. Time Variability of Emission and Absorption in NGC 5548 Based on Modeling the Ultraviolet Spectrum

We model the ultraviolet spectra of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548 obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope during the 6 month reverberation mapping campaign in 2014. Our model of the emission from NGC 5548 corrects for overlying absorption and deblends the individual emission lines. Using the modeled spectra, we measure the response to continuum variations for the deblended and absorption-corrected individual broad emission lines, the velocity-dependent profiles of Lyα and C iv, and the narrow and broad intrinsic absorption features. We find that the time lags for the corrected emission lines are comparable to those for the original data. The velocity-binned lag profiles of Lyα and C iv have a double-peaked structure indicative of a truncated Keplerian disk. The narrow absorption lines show a delayed response to continuum variations corresponding to recombination in gas with a density of ∼105 cm−3. The high-ionization narrow absorption lines decorrelate from continuum variations during the same period as the broad emission lines. Analyzing the response of these absorption lines during this period shows that the ionizing flux is diminished in strength relative to the far-ultraviolet continuum. The broad absorption lines associated with the X-ray obscurer decrease in strength during this same time interval. The appearance of X-ray obscuration in ∼2012 corresponds with an increase in the luminosity of NGC 5548 following an extended low state. We suggest that the obscurer is a disk wind triggered by the brightening of NGC 5548 following the decrease in size of the broad-line region during the preceding low-luminosity state.
Future prospects for probing scalar–tensor theories with gravitational waves from mixed binaries

The extreme-gravity collisions of binaries with one black hole and one neutron star provide for excellent tests of general relativity (GR). We here study how well one can constrain theories beyond GR with additional scalar fields that allow for spontaneous scalarization of neutron stars, and those motivated from string theory. We find that existing bounds can be improved with current gravitational-wave detectors if the black hole mass is sufficiently small. Bounds will further improve by many orders of magnitude with future detections, especially by combining multiple events.
Uniformly accurate machine learning-based hydrodynamic models for kinetic equations

Significance This paper addresses 2 very important issues of current interest: multiscale modeling in the absence of scale separation and building interpretable and truly reliable physical models using machine learning. We demonstrate that machine learning can indeed help us to build reliable multiscale models for problems with which classical multiscale methods have had trouble. To this end, one has to develop the appropriate models or algorithms for each of the 3 major components in the machine-learning procedure: labeling the data, learning from the data, and exploring the state space. We use the kinetic equation as an example and demonstrate that uniformly accurate moment systems can be constructed this way. A framework is introduced for constructing interpretable and truly reliable reduced models for multiscale problems in situations without scale separation. Hydrodynamic approximation to the kinetic equation is used as an example to illustrate the main steps and issues involved. To this end, a set of generalized moments are constructed first to optimally represent the underlying velocity distribution. The well-known closure problem is then solved with the aim of best capturing the associated dynamics of the kinetic equation. The issue of physical constraints such as Galilean invariance is addressed and an active-learning procedure is introduced to help ensure that the dataset used is representative enough. The reduced system takes the form of a conventional moment system and works regardless of the numerical discretization used. Numerical results are presented for the BGK (Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook) model and binary collision of Maxwell molecules. We demonstrate that the reduced model achieves a uniform accuracy in a wide range of Knudsen numbers spanning from the hydrodynamic limit to free molecular flow.