Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN EFFECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF QUERY RESULTS USING MIDDLEWARE LAYERS BASED ON CONCEPT OF HIERARCHIES IN BIOMEDICAL DATABASES

Search queries on biomedical databases, such as Pub Med, often return a large number of results, only a small subset of which is relevant to the user. Ranking and categorization, which can alsobe combined, have been proposed to alleviate this information overload problem. Result optimization and results categorizationfor biomedical databases are the focus of this work. A natural way to organize biomedical citations is according to their Mesh annotations. MeSH is a comprehensive concept hierarchy used by Pub Med. In this paper, we present the BioIntelR (BIR) system, adopts the BioNav system enables the user to navigate large number of query results by organizing them using the Mesh concept hierarchy. First, BioIntelR (BIR) system prompts the user for the search criteria and the system automatically connects to a middle layer created at the application level which directs the query to the proper valid query path to select correct criteria of the search result from the biomedical database. The query results are organized into navigation tree. At each node expansion step, BIR system reveals only a small subset of the concept nodes, selected such that the expected user navigation cost is minimized. In contrast, to the previous systems, the BIR system outperforms and optimizes the query result time and minimizes query result set for easy user navigation, Data Warehousing.
MODELLING THE SOUND ENVELOPE AUDITORY PROCESSING USING THE NON-NEGATIVE-IMPULSE-RESPONSE MODULATION FILTERS CONCEPT I

This article concerns with a new model of the sound envelope p rocessing in the auditory system. The so-called non-negative-impulse-respons e (NNIR) modulation filters concept argues that if any form of the acoustic signal envelope filter ing took place in the auditory pathway, this process should not be described in terms of a band-p ss filtration. This modification of the traditional model of the auditory system temporal res olution, based on the modulation filterbank (MFB) activity, results from the cardinal proper ty of the sound envelope and its neural representation, i.e. neural discharges period hist ogram, which are unavoidably unipolar signals of non-negative values. It has been assumed that if hypothetical modulation filters existed, they should be characterised by a non-negative-im pulse-response and, consequently, the frequency characteristics of such filters might not reve al the band-pass properties. The results of the model investigations are compared with selec ted psychophysical and physiological data.
EQUINOX: A REAL-TIME EQUILIBRIUM CODE AND ITS VALIDATION AT JET

The real-time reconstruction of the plasma magnetic equilibrium in a Tokamak is a key point to access high performance regimes. Indeed, the shape of the plasma current density profile is a direct output of the reconstruction and has a leading effect for reaching a steadystate high performance regime of operation. We have seen in particular that non monotonic current density profiles can trigger enhanced particles and heat confinement. On top of this the current density profile has a resistive diffusion time and any variation of the current drive systems takes some time to be efficient. The challenge is thus to develop methods and algorithms that reconstruct the magnetic equilibrium in the perspective to use these outputs for feedback control purposes.
APPLICATION OF PROFITABILITY CONCEPT: A CASE IN THE PLASTIC RECYCLING INDUSTRY

In this article the principles of industrial engineering are applied to maximize the profitability of the recycling industry. A case in the plastic recycling industry is presented to demonstrate the practical application of the financial calculation functions developed in the paper. In particular, the profitability maximization concept for the plastic recycling industry was examined, based on the theory of demand and supply. By estimating the profit realizable on regular as well as high product demand, part of the objective of the paper was achieved. Inventory principles were further applied to determine optimum inventory levels. Die beginsels van bedryfsingenieurswese word in die artikel toegepas om die maksimisering van winsgewendheid by herwinbaarheidsvraagstukke te bewerkstellig. 'n Voorbeeld wat voorkom by die herwinbaarheid van plastiek word voorgehou om te toon hoedat finansiele modellering aangewend kan word. Voorraadhouding onder toestande van stabiele en toenemende vraag word behandel en in besonderheid ondersoek.
AN INTERMEDIATE MODELING STUDY FOR SEA SURFACE SALINITY VARIABILITY IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC OCEAN

An intermediate sea surface salinity (SSS) anomaly (SSSA) model is described and tested for the Tropical Pacific Ocean, forced by rainfall estimates from NCEP-NCAR reanalysis and other products (e.g., CMAP and GPCP). An empirical parameterization for the salinity of subsurface water at the base of the ocean mixed layer (Se) is proposed to improve SSSA simulations in an intermediate ocean model (IOM). An inverse modeling approach is first adopted to estimate Se from a SSSA equation using observed in-situ sea surface salinity measurements in the tropical Pacific provided by the Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)/ECOP (France), simulated upper ocean currents, and the evaporation minus precipitation (E-P) data. A relationship between Se and sea level (SL) anomalies is then obtained by utilizing an EOF analysis technique. This empirical scheme is able to estimate Se anomalies reasonably well in the equatorial Pacific Ocean and can be used to parameterize Se fields in terms of SL anomalies for use in SSSA calculation. An improved Se parameterization naturally leads to better depiction of the subsurface effect on SSS variability by the mean upwelling of anomalous subsurface salinity anomalies and vertical mixing. As a result, SSSA simulation can be improved in the tropical Pacific. Further efforts on improving the model and examining the roles of precipitation and salinity variability in seasonal-to-interannual climate variability are discussed.
Advanced experimental techniques in polymer thermodynamics

Abstract Scanning transitiometry is at the center of several new developments to generate original unprecedented data over extended ranges of temperatures and pressures. Simultaneous in situ spectroscopic readings noticeably extend the performance of scanning transitiometry. The modulation of temperature superimposed to temperature scanning for thermal analysis is a major step forward to unambiguously identify glass transitions from other overlapping phenomena. The combination of a weighing technique (vibrating-wire technique) with a pressure decay technique (pVT technique) allows us to estimate simultaneously, in situ on the same polymer sample, the gas solubility and the concomitant polymer swelling.
A Macroeconometric Assessment of Minsky's Financial Instability Hypothesis

The Financial Instability Hypothesis associated with Hyman Minsky has profound implications for the conduct of monetary policy in modern capitalist economies. At its core is the proposition that the central bank may contribute to the financial fragility of leveraged firms in its pursuit of inflation-targeting interest rate policies. This paper develops a small macroeconomic model incorporating many of the salient features of a Minskyan economy. The imposition of the resulting theoretical restrictions in a CVAR model provides support for Minsky’s main proposition that interest rate innovations can drive a wedge between the cash-inflows of firms and their debt-servicing obligations. The paper concludes that the implementation of countercyclical capital requirements can provide monetary policymakers with additional policy instruments that can be used to cool overheated sectors without recourse to the ‘blunt instrument’ of interest rate policy.
Pitfalls in quantifying species turnover: the residency effect

The composition of ecological communities changes continuously through time. Understanding this turnover in species composition is a central goal in biogeography, but quantifying species turnover can be problematic. Here, I describe an underappreciated source of bias in quantifying species turnover, namely ‘the residency effect’, which occurs when the contiguous distributions of species across sampling domains are small relative to census intervals. I present the results of a simulation model that illustrates the problem theoretically and then I demonstrate the problem empirically using a long-term dataset of plant species turnover on islands. Results from both exercises indicate that empirical estimates of species turnover may be susceptible to significant observer bias, which may potentially cloud a better understanding of how the composition of ecological communities changes through time.
Growth in weight and of some tissues in the bullfrog: fitting nonlinear models during the fattening phase

Knowledge of the growth of animals is important so that zootechnical activity can be more accurate and sustainable. The objective of this study was to describe the live weight, development of liver tissue and fat body, leg growth, and cumulative food intake of bullfrogs during the fattening phase using nonlinear models. A total of 2,375 bullfrog froglets with an initial weight of 7.03 ± 0.16 g were housed in five fattening pens (12 m2). Ten samplings were performed at intervals of 14 days to obtain the variables studied. These data were used to estimate the parameters of Gompertz and logistic models as a function of time. The estimated values of weight (Wm) and food intake (FIm) at maturity and time when the growth rate is maximum (t*) were closer to expected values when the logistic model was used. The Wm values for live weight and liver, adipose and leg weights and the FIm value for food intake were 343.7, 15.7, 19.6, 96.03 and 369.3 g, respectively, with t* at 109, 98, 105, 109 and 107 days. Therefore, the logistic model was the best model to estimate the growth and food intake of bullfrogs during the fattening phase.
Computational Prediction of Primary Breakup in Fuel Spray Nozzles for Aero-Engine Combustors

This work was performed on the computational resource ForHLR Phase II funded by the Ministry of Science, Research and Arts Baden-Wurttemberg and DFG (”Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft“). In addition the authors would like to thank Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG for the outstanding cooperation. The authors also are grateful for many lively and fruitful discussions with Simon Holz.
The Day-of-the-Week Effect Revisited: An Alternative Testing Approach

This paper questions traditional approaches for testing the day-of-the-week effect on stock returns. We propose an alternative approach based on the closure test principle introduced by Marcus, Peritz and Gabriel (1976), which has become very popular in Biometrics and Medical Statistics. We test all pairwise comparisons of daily expected stock returns, while the probability of committing any type I error is always kept smaller than or equal to some prespecified level a for each combination of true null hypotheses. We confirm day-of-theweek effects for the S&P 500, the FTSE 30 and the DAX 30 found in earlier studies, but find no evidence for the 1990's.
Variability of mass and content of mineral elements in grains of the common bean cultivar Pérola

The cultivar Perola is the most widely bean cultivar cropped. In the market, it is a reference in grain size, which is related to its mass, which, in turn, is influenced by the growing conditions. The objective was to quantify the 100-grain mass and the contents of mineral elements in the common bean cultivar Perola, coming from the municipality of Cristalina, Goias. It was selected 18 different areas in the city, under center pivot irrigation, where 86 samples of grains were collected during the crop harvest. The data were submitted to univariate statistical analysis, calculating maximum and minimum values, averages, amplitude of variation and coefficients of variation. It was determined the values of Pearson correlation between the contents of mineral elements in the grains. The 100-grain mass had wide range of values, from 17.30 to 33.50 grams. The composition of minerals in beans was, in descending order, N, K, P, Mg, Ca, S, Fe, Zn, Mn, B, Cu, Mo, Co. There was a significant correlation between the mineral elements present in beans, highlighting the correlation of K with S, Cu, Fe, B, Mn, Co and Mo.
What makes it so hard to look and to listen? Exploring the use of the Cognitive and Affective Supervisory Approach with children’s social work managers

ABSTRACT This paper reports on the findings of an ESRC-funded Knowledge Exchange project designed to explore the contribution of an innovative approach to supervision to social work practitioners’ assessment and decision-making practices. The Cognitive and Affective Supervisory Approach (CASA) is informed by cognitive interviewing techniques originally designed to elicit best evidence from witnesses and victims of crime. Adapted here for use in childcare social work supervision contexts, this model is designed to enhance the quantity and quality of information available for decision-making. Facilitating the reporting of both ‘event information’ and ‘emotion information’, it allows a more detailed picture to emerge of events, as recalled by the individual involved, and the meaning they give to them. Practice supervisors from Children’s Services in two local authorities undertook to introduce the CASA into supervision sessions and were supported in this through the provision of regular reflective group discussions. The project findings highlight the challenges for practitioners of ‘detailed looking’ and for supervisors of ‘active listening’. The paper concludes by acknowledging that the CASA’s successful contribution to decision-making is contingent on both the motivation and confidence of supervisors to develop their skills and an organisational commitment to, and resourcing of, reflective supervisory practices and spaces.
An Out-of-Step Detection Based on Transient Stability Index

A group of generators in one or more areas of a power system may loss its synchronism with other areas when the power system is subjected to severe fault(s). At this condition, generators that loss their synchronism or running at out-of- step (OOS) condition are operating at high stress level situation. An early detection of OOS is very important so that the system can be secured to stability condition as fast as possible; thus, able to save generators and preventing the system from the possibility of widespread outage. The response of a power system to a disturbance depends on the initial operating state of the system, the severity of the disturbance, and the actions of protective relays and other power system controls. A power system may experience a stable power swing if the system remains in a state of equilibrium when subjected to a disturbance. Terminal voltage variations will activate generator voltage regulators while generator speed variations will activate prime mover governors. A fault on a critical part of a power system followed by its isolation by protective relays will cause variations in power flows, network bus voltages, and machine rotor speeds. The system is said to be transiently unstable when there is a loss of synchronism between groups of generators or between neighboring connected utility systems due to large separation of generator rotor angles, large fluctuations of voltages and currents, and large swings of power flows. This paper introduces a new technique to detect OOS condition as an early indicator using Area-Based Transient Stability Index Center of Inertia: Speed (TSI COI Speed). The analysis is carried out using PSSE33 software on IEEE 118-Bus Test System and other randomly selected test system. Results obtained from the experiments revealed that the TSI COI Speed able to provide an earlier detection of OOS; hence, an immediate action to secure the system to stability condition can be commenced immediately.
The study of factors affecting productivity in the agriculture sector of Iran

Production growth through the promotion of productivity is one of the main goals of countries. According to the country's fifth development plan; it is predicted that 33.3% of annual economic growth will be provided by improving productivity. Therefore, identifying factors promoting productivity is very important. This paper examined the causal relationship among productivity in the agriculture sector and some economic variables in Iran by applying the econometric techniques. The study explains the concepts and indicators of productivity and describes its role in promoting economic growth. In this study, we developed a new approach to define productivity and determine factors affecting it in the agriculture sector of Iran. We divided the economy to two sectors; 1) agricultural sector and 2) nonagricultural sector, covering the entire of Iran’s economy. We employed agricultural economics and welfare economics’ concepts and methods such as; production possibilities frontier, mathematical planning and social welfare function and also global efficiency to specify factors affecting productivity in agricultural activities. On the other hand, we considered empirical studies about concepts and indices of productivity and finally stipulated some suitable models and estimated all models applying a time series of variables covering 1959 to 2007 period; and chose two of the best models with well econometric characteristics. The results indicated that productivity (value added and its growth) in the agricultural sector of Iran, significantly depends on relative prices of agricultural goods, quantity and quality of resources, and technical progress on production methods, especially management styles. Finally, coefficients of the model were estimated, the main hypotheses were examined and solutions for improving productivity are presented.
The Role of Interactive Maps and Spatial Ability in Creating Virtual Tourism Experiences: A Measurement Framework

Maps are essential tools for providing information about tourism destinations to tourists. With the emergence of digital maps, more and more destination websites use various forms of digital maps to help tourists orient themselves before they even reach the destination. Based on psychology and virtual reality literature, this study constructs a framework to measure how the different types of digital maps affect potential tourists’ ability to explore the space represented in the maps. In addition, the study explores how individual characteristics of the tourists such as spatial ability and evaluations of the maps such as perceived interactivity and perceived user control affect virtual experiences of the space presented in the map. An experiment was conducted to test the measures and obtain preliminary findings regarding variations in the constructs based on the type of map used.
A feature extraction method based on ICD and MSE for gearbox

Since the vibration signals of gearbox are non-linear and non-stationary, it is difficult to accurately evaluate the working conditions. Therefore, a fault feature extraction technique based on intrinsic characteristic-scale decomposition (ICD) and multi-scale entropy (MSE) is presented in this paper. The measured signals are firstly decomposed into a series of product components (PCs) by ICD. Secondly, the main product component is selected, and then MSE is used to extract the feature vectors from the selected PCs. Finally, the obtained feature vectors of gearbox with different scale factors are adopted as inputs of support vector machine (SVM) to fulfill the fault patterns identification. The superiority of the proposed technique is verified through comparing with three other methods.
Numerical analysis of schrodinger equation for a magnetized particle in the presence of a field particle

is the scalar potential, do not show appreciable changes. This is because of theincreasing variances, i.e. uncertainty, both in momentum and position. The increment in variance of momentumcorresponds to the decrement in the magnitude of momentum: Part of energy is transfered from the directional(the kinetic) energy to the uncertainty (the zero-point) energy.
The Return to R&D and Seller-buyer Interactions: A Quantile Regression Approach

In this paper we analyze whether a firm’s return to its R&D stock is affected by seller-buyer interactions. We suggest that firms that are in close contact with their customers will be relatively more sensitive to their customers’ needs, and therefore adjust their R&D activities accordingly. This, in turn, will boost sales and increase the return to R&D. To the extent that seller-buyer interactions are costly, large and productive firms will have an advantage in overcoming such costs. We test these hypotheses using a fixed effects quantile regression framework. Results suggest that large firms active in industries characterized by frequent seller-buyer interactions have a higher return to R&D than other firms.
TGCat: THE CHANDRA TRANSMISSION GRATING DATA CATALOG AND ARCHIVE

The Chandra Transmission Grating Data Archive and Catalog (TGCat) provides easy access to analysis-ready products, specifically, high-resolution X-ray count spectra and their corresponding calibrations. The web interface makes it easy to find observations of a particular object, type of object, or type of observation; to quickly assess the quality and potential usefulness of the spectra from pre-computed summary plots; or to customize a view with an interactive plotter, optionally combining spectra over multiple orders or observations. Data and responses can be downloaded as a package or as individual files, and the query results themselves can be retrieved as ASCII or Virtual Observatory tables. Portable reprocessing scripts used to create the archive and which use the Chandra X-ray Center's (CXC's) software and other publicly available software are also available, facilitating standard or customized reprocessing from Level 1 CXC archival data to spectra and responses with minimal user interaction.
Image segmentation using hybrid clustering with GA and finding the tumor area in image

In this study, to enhance the execution and diminish the many-sided quality includes in the therapeutic picture division process, we have researched Berkeley wavelet change (BWT) based cerebrum tumor division. Moreover, to enhance the precision and quality rate of the help vector machine (SVM) based classifier, significant highlights are removed from each divided tissue. The test aftereffects of proposed system have been assessed and approved for execution and quality examination on attractive reverberation cerebrum pictures, in light of exactness, affectability, specificity, and dice comparability list coefficient. The trial comes about accomplished 96.51% exactness, 94.2% specificity, and 97.72% affectability, showing the viability of the proposed system for recognizing typical and unusual tissues from mind MR pictures. The exploratory outcomes likewise got a normal of 0.82 dice similitude list coefficient, which demonstrates better cover between the computerized (machines) separated tumor locale with physically removed tumor area by radiologists. The reen-actment comes about demonstrate the noteworthiness as far as quality parameters and exactness in contrast with best in class strategies.
Estimating the Dynamics of Weak Efficiency on the Prague Stock Exchange Using the Kalman Filter

The paper builds on the martingale representation of the market efficiency hypothesis and, with the use of an E-GARCH model of the volatility of the PX and PX-GLOBAL daily returns, a state-space model is formulated. Using the Kalman filter, the time-varying dependency of the daily returns on their lagged values is estimated. The estimation of this parameter shows how quickly the Prague Stock Exchange, represented by its PX index and PX-GLOBAL index, has gradually moved toward the condition of weak efficiency.