Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Usability evaluation of augmented reality‐based maintenance instruction system

This article presents an augmented reality‐based instruction (ARBI) system for maintenance tasks. A traditional manual instruction method and a computer‐assisted instruction method were compared. Three maintenance instruction methods, three task difficulty levels (low, medium, and high), and the user's gender (male and female) were specified as the independent variables in the experimental design. The dependent variables included task completion time and error rate as objective measures, and system usability scale (SUS) and NASA‐task load index (NASA‐TLX) scores as subjective measures. There were 30 participants (15 males and 15 females) in the experiment. The results indicated that the instruction method and task difficulty significantly affected the task completion time, error rate, SUS, and NASA‐TLX. Among the instruction methods, the ARBI method exhibited the highest SUS score, lowest NASA‐TLX score, shortest task completion time, and minimum error rate. In conclusion, the proposed ARBI method was beneficial for assisting iPhone maintenance tasks.
Dose and dose-rate effects on NPN bipolar junction transistors irradiated at high temperature

The effect of high-temperature irradiation on commercial bipolar junction transistors has been studied for four dose rates. The experimental data presented in this paper show two base current degradation peaks as a function of irradiation temperature. An attempt to physically explain the obtained experimental results is proposed. This explanation is based on the difference in the enhancement-annealing kinetic of the elementary processes at play. The combined effects of high irradiation temperatures and dose rate are also discussed.
Bottom–up trophic effects on fisher Pekania pennanti harvest age structure: associations with mast, voles and owls

Harvest management quotas for fishers Pekania pennanti in some jurisdictions are estimated from the previous year's harvest, and stem from the hypothesis that age ratios in the harvest are largely influenced by ‘top–down’ trapping pressure. The influence of ‘bottom–up’ food supply on fisher harvest age ratios might be underappreciated, which could result in a misallocation of quotas in management planning. We assessed a variety of data sources to test the influence of bottom–up processes on fisher populations in Ontario, Canada. We found evidence that bottom–up trophic effects influence the harvested fisher age structure in some regions of Ontario. Evidence also suggests that harvest pressure had little top–down influence on age ratios over the course of our study, and that basing management strategies on this assumption may lead to unintentional overharvest in years of low productivity. We suggest several trophic linkages with potential to facilitate fisher management, including connections among berry and seed crops, small mammals and northern saw-whet owls Aegolius acadicus.
Development of a New Platoon Dispersion Model considering Turning Vehicles in Urban Road Environment

By considering turning vehicles of a platoon that travels on arterial link, a new procedure for calibrating dispersion parameter α of Robertson's model is proposed. Upstream edge of channelized section is served as the boundary and the link between two adjacent intersections is divided into two sections, which are road section and channelized section. Typical investigation site is selected in Changchun city and data are collected to study the relationship between α and internal frictions, such as traffic volume and turning proportion. Double Gaussian function and logistic function are used to fit the curves among optimum values of α and internal frictions in the two sections, respectively, which allow the determination of α that varies as the volumes and turning proportions change. The study results are of great importance for arterial progression because Robertson's model can depict platoon movements more accurately using the calibrated values of α.
An Offline Current-Mode PFM Controller for Low Power Residential LED Lighting with Primary-Side Constant Current Regulation Techniques

This paper presents an offline current-mode pulse frequency modulation (PFM) controller for low power residential LED lighting, which has a better performance and a simplified structure. A novel controller which contains Constant Current (CC) regulation technique based on auxiliary winding feedback and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) mode basing on the flyback structure is presented, which simplifies the application environment. Also, an input power adjusting technique is introduced which improves the working stability. These techniques are validated by using an integrated circuit designed in 0.5-μm 700V BCD process. In the constant area, when the input AC voltage is from 85V-220V and the load resistance is from 3Ω to 4. 7Ω, the test results of actual application circuit show the constant current point is about 1A and the current ripple is about ±4%.
Changes in Blood Metabolites, Intestinal Microbiota Composition and Gene Expression of 95 Weeks Old Laying Hens Differing in Egg Production and Egg Breaking Strength

Simple Summary The average cycle of laying hens is prolonged by improving one or more aspects, including genetics, nutrition, and management. Yet, this prolongation needs to go hand-in-hand with laying hens staying vital. Our objective was to explore hen vitality at an age of 95 weeks in association with performance parameters (egg production and breaking strength). To this end, we measured metabolism and disease indicators in blood, microbiota composition and diversity in different gut segments, and the biological activity of the small intestine. We observed that 12% of the hens developed certain aberrations. Additionally, five metabolites were significantly associated to these aberrations, and two metabolites to the performance parameters. In the small intestine we observed that in the production groups the physical barrier function was affected, whereas in the breaking strength group the immune function was affected. Taken together, these data show that hen vitality at later ages can still be improved and we provided data on a molecular level that could be used in future endeavors to improve animal health and welfare. Abstract Herein, we investigated to what extent molecular phenotypes of the systemic level (blood) and local (intestine) are associated with the performance of laying hens at 95 weeks of age. After the trial had run for 95 weeks, two performance groups were generated, i.e., egg production (PROD) and egg breaking strength (BS). A subset of 21 cages, 116 hens, was measured to indicate the metabolism and disease status. Additionally, a focus group (four cages) was made to perform molecular phenotyping in the intestine. A notifiable observation made during the post-mortem dissection was that approximately 12% of the birds at 95 weeks had developed certain aberrations and/or impairments (denoted as organ morbidity). At the systemic level, we observed five metabolites (γGT, triglycerides, HDL, glucose, and cholesterol) significantly associated to organ morbidity, and only two metabolites (urea and aspartate aminotransferase) to the performance phenotypes. At the local level, when comparing high PROD vs. low PROD, we observed differentially expressed genes involved in cell cycle processes and the extracellular matrix. When comparing high BS vs. low BS differentially, expressed genes were observed mainly involved in immune and cell cycle-related processes. This knowledge is crucial for developing novel strategies of keeping laying hens vital.
Research on judgment system of legal cases based on neural network

As legal case judgment documents begin to be published on the Internet, legal data is increasing. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of computer computing power, the continuous development of data mining, machine learning, deep learning and other technologies, the era of legal big data must Will come. This article has carried out in-depth excavation of judgment documents of legal cases, in order to provide an objective and fair reference for the sentencing of legal cases, and proposed a legal case decision-making system based on neural network. This article first extracts information in accordance with certain regular rules from the judgment documents of legal cases, and uses the random forest model to predict the sentences in the judgment documents. According to the specific details of the case, determine the existence of various sentencing circumstances in the case, and use it as a characteristic quantity for classification and decision-making. In order to improve the decision-making performance of the network, in view of the local minima and false saturation existing in gradient learning, a learning algorithm based on neural network is proposed, which further improves the decision-making ability of the network. Simulation experiments show that the decision-making network can give an objective and fair sentencing result.
LTCC-based Antenna-in-Package Array for 5G User Equipment with Dual-Polarized End-Fire Radiations at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

An antenna-in-package (AiP) of end-fire and dual-polarization at 28 GHz is presented. It is formed by four periodic antennas of broad bandwidth and high-isolation, fabricated by the low-temperature co-fired ceramics technology. The dual-polarizations are realized by integrating a horizontal metal stripline-coupled dipole with a vertical magneto-electric monopole, incorporated into a multilayer architecture for compactness. The AiP skillfully implements vertical vias and horizontal strip lines in the cavities between antennas to improve isolation and polarization purity. This AiP has numerically been examined for end-fire high gain and beam steering in user equipment (UE) applications. The prototype was measured to show good isolation lower than -25 dB from 26.5 to 29.5 GHz and agree with full-wave simulations. The antenna array is finally integrated with 1x4 boresight radiation microstrip antennas to form a complete UE AiP.
The Effects of Covid-19 on Financial Statements: Some Insights from Italy through an International Literature Review

The uncertainty generated by the Covid-19 pandemic has influenced countless aspects of business management. In order to deal with the pandemic, managers had to make particularly complex choices regarding, for example, the cash management activities, investment decisions and workplace safety procedures. At the same time, the instability related to the performance and solvency of companies has made it necessary for companies to have adequate information disclosure, even more than that in the past. The Covid-19 pandemic has in fact increased the need for an effective communication about the main corporate events with all corporate stakeholders. Based on this premise, this study aims to highlight the main scientific contributions regarding the impact that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on accounting and on corporate financial reports. The analysis carried out led to the identification of five thematic areas: Policy, Corporate Social Responsibility, Disclosure, Financial Statements Data and Audit. Moreover, considering the importance of providing adequate disclosure in a period of great uncertainty, this paper proposes an analysis on the disclosure about the Covid-19 pandemic provided by the companies belonging to the FTSE MIB index of the Italian Stock Exchange. Following a preliminary quantitative analysis of the performance of these companies, a content analysis was carried out on the financial statements and the main documents attached to it, in order to verify the presence of references to the Covid-19 pandemic. It will be shown that the companies analyzed have made adequate disclosure of information regarding the emergency situation arising from the pandemic.
Fauna Biodiversity as Indicator of Mangrove Forest Health on Moti Island, Moti District, Ternate City

The health condition of mangrove forests can be determined by assessing forest health indicators. One of the indicators used in determining the health of mangrove forests is faunal biodiversity. Measurement of forest health is a step that can be taken to ensure forest functions and benefits. The study's objectives were to determine the composition of mangrove species and mangrove forest fauna (birds and epifauna), to determine the structure of the fauna community which includes species diversity and species dominance and to determine the health condition of mangrove forests on Moti Island, Ternate Island District. This research was conducted on Moti Island, Moti District, Ternate City, North Maluku Province for six months, April - September 2021. A Sampling of mangroves was carried out using the "spot check" method. Meanwhile, the method used to assess mangroves' health condition refers to the FHM (Forest Health Monitoring) method. There are nine species of mangrove, namely Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Avicennia offincinalis, A. marina and Nypa fruticans. While the composition of fauna species is as many as 18 species consisting of Epifauna (Gastropoda = 12 species, Bivalve = 2 species) and birds as many as four species. The diversity of mangrove forest fauna species in all research locations is moderate and no species dominate. The health status of mangrove forests, both Tafaga and Figur villages, has 60% good condition, 20% moderate and poor conditions.
CHANNEL AND BANK STABILITY OF TWENTYMILE CREEK AT U.S. HIGHWAY 45 NEAR WHEELER, PRENTISS COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI

The channel of Osborne Creek at existing U.S. Highway 45 near Wheeler, Mississippi, has degraded about 8 feet and widened about 33 feet since 1936. Channel degradation has totaled about 6 feet in the channel reach in the vicinity of the proposed U.S. Highway 45 relocation. Botanical evidence indicates that several bank failures downstream of the proposed relocation occurred during floods in 1983 and 1987-88. Rates of channel gradation and widening as determined from channel descriptions and botanical evidence along the banks were used in conjunction with soil properties to estimate probable future channel degradation and widening at the proposed relocation through the year 2010. By assuming that channel-bed elevations can be expressed as a power function with time, additional channel degradation through the year 2010 could approach 1 to 2 feet at the existing and proposed crossing of Osborne Creek. By comparison of projections of slough lines and temporary angles of stability with bankfull channel widths as a power function with time, about 10 feet of additional widening could reasonably be expected through the year 2010. These projections are based on the assumption that no additional channel modifications and no unusually large and destructive flooding will occur by the year 2010. General Description of Osborne Creek
Assessment of a novel decision and reject method for multi-class problems in a target classification framework for SAR scenarios

The enhancement and improvement of classifiers for SAR signatures are a permanent challenge. The focus of this paper is the development of an integrated decision-and-reject method suitable for a kernel-machine-based target classification framework for SAR scenarios. The proposed processing chain consists of a screening process identifying ROIs with target cues, a pre-processing, and a high-performance classifier. A feasible screening method has to provide a maximum of detections namely object hypotheses while the false alarm rate is of lower interest. Therefore the quality of the following classification step significantly depends on the capability of reducing the false alarms. In complex scenarios standard approaches may classify clutter objects incorrectly as targets. To overcome this problem a novel classification scheme was developed. Class discriminating information is computed in a pre-classification step by a family of two-class kernel machines. Thus, a feature vector for an additional classification stage is provided. A comparative assessment was done using a SAR data set provided by QinetiQ. First results are given in terms of ROC curves.
Why Did Projectile-Point Size Increase in the Andean Altiplano Archaic? An Experimental Atlatl Analysis

Archaic projectile points from the Andean Altiplano exhibit a curious trend of increasing size over time, in contrast to a well-documented size reduction throughout North America. Although a number of hypotheses exist to account for decreasing projectile-point size, there are currently no explicit explanations for increasing size. We consider several hypotheses and interrogate two techno-economic hypotheses. We posit that increasing point size compensated for lost dart momentum or accuracy that resulted from the shortening of atlatls or atlatl darts as wood became increasingly scarce on the tree-sparse Altiplano. We evaluate these hypotheses using a replicated Andean atlatl system in ballistic trials. Contrary to expectation, results show that point enlargement significantly reduces penetration depth, allowing us to confidently reject the momentum hypothesis. Point enlargement, in contrast, tentatively correlates positively with accuracy. Our experiment further shows that camelid bone is an effective and economical alternative to wood for atlatl production. Despite suboptimal lengths, camelid radioulna atlatls have a convenient morphology that requires low production time, which helps explain empirically observed camelid bone atlatls from the Andean highlands. More generally, our observations lead us to consider that central tendencies in archaeologically observed projectile-point size may reflect a trade-off between penetration and accuracy.
Consumers’ Use of Augmented Reality Apps: Prevalence, User Characteristics, and Gratifications

Abstract This study provides a better understanding of consumers’ use of augmented reality (AR) apps by examining the (1) prevalence, (2) user characteristics, (3) gratifications, and (4) preference for AR, and (5) differences between a range of AR app types. To examine these aspects of consumer use, a survey (N = 1,978) was administered among a representative consumer sample, with participants ranging from 18 to 65 years old. This study provides an update on adoption of AR apps and an overview of the individual characteristics and gratifications that can enhance or limit (continued) use of AR apps. Findings may guide future AR research and give practitioners insights to employ AR apps that are of added value to consumers.
First-principles calculations of physical properties and superconductivity of orthorhombic Mo2BC and Nb2BN

Ab initio pseudopotential calculations have made for the structural, electronic, elastic, mechanical, and electron–phonon interaction properties of molybdenum borocarbide ( Mo2BC) and niobium boronitride ( Nb2BN) superconductors. Analysis of the structural and electronic properties reveals that the nature of bonding in both these compounds is a combination of covalent, ionic, and metallic. The near-Fermi electronic states in both compounds are occupied by the d states of transition metal atoms. The electronic density of states at the Fermi level in Mo2BC is significantly higher than that in Nb2BN. Lattice dynamical calculations verify their dynamical stability in the base-centered orthorhombic Mo2BC-type crystal structure. We find that the total electron–phonon coupling constant is equal to 0.745 for Mo2BC and 0.539 for Nb2BN. The calculated superconducting transition temperature of 7.41 K for Mo2BC and 3.50 K for Nb2BN is comparable with their experimental values of 7.2 and 4.4 K, respectively.
Parental and Health Care Professionals' Experiences Caring for Medically Fragile Infants on Pediatric Inpatient Units

ABSTRACT Parents of hospitalized Medically Fragile Infants (MFI) experience stressors and mental health difficulties and Health-Care Professionals (HCP) who care for MFI experience burnout and stress. A constructivist grounded theory study was conducted among parents of MFI (N = 19) and HCP (N = 26) to understand their experiences caring for MFI in pediatric inpatient units. As parents and HCP engaged in beneficial interactions, trust was formed, and they established supportive relationships. When beneficial interactions did not occur, trust was fractured and parents and HCP were unsuccessful in establishing supportive relationships. Supportive relationships aided parents and HCP to journey alongside one another.
Impact of microbial distributions on food safety

This document discusses mechanisms impacting on physical distributions of microorganisms in foods, characteristics and suitability of frequency distributions employed to model microbial distributions, and the impact of both physical and frequency distributions on illness risk and food safety management criteria. It examines the more common frequency distributions used and evaluates their strengths and weaknesses for modelling real situations against specific criteria.
Fabrication and testing of a standoff trace explosives detection system

In order to stop the transportation of materials used for IED manufacture, a standoff checkpoint explosives detection system (CPEDS) has recently been fabricated. The system incorporates multi-wavelength Raman spectroscopy and laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) modalities with a LIBS enhancement technique called TEPS to be added later into a single unit for trace detection of explosives at military checkpoints. Newly developed spectrometers and other required sensors all integrated with a custom graphical user interface for producing simplified, real-time detection results are also included in the system. All equipment is housed in a military ruggedized shelter for potential deployment intheater for signature collection. Laboratory and performance data, as well as the construction of the CPEDS system and its potential deployment capabilities, will be presented in the current work.
Excess signal transmission with dimming control pattern in indoor visible light communication systems

In traditional dimming control system using pulse width modulation (PWM) combined with M-QAM OFDM scheme, OFDM signal is only transmitted during “on” period. To guarantee the communication quality, reduction of duty cycle will cause increased symbol rate or added LED power. This means system BER performance degradation and power consumption. In order to solve the defects of the traditional dimming scheme, we propose a new dimming control scheme in indoor visible light communication, which combines OFDM signal and multi-pulse position modulation (MPPM) light pulse well with each other. By means of dividing traditional PWM pulses into MPPM pulses with the same duty cycle, the pattern effect of MPPM pulses is utilized, which makes excess signal transmission possible. Simulation results show that when reducing the brightness of LED the achievable symbol rate using dimming control patterns is not higher than the traditional PWM scheme and the LED power is also reduced, which satisfies both system reliability and energy effectiveness under constant high data rate and BER less than 10-3.