Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Distributed SoC Balancing Control Method for Series-type Energy Storage System in Grid-connected Mode

Energy storage system (ESS) equipped with power electronics plays an essential role in renewable energy integration. Series-type energy storage system (SESS) is deemed to have broader application perspectives for its advantages on bulking voltage level without transformers. The synchronization and SoC balancing between series-modules is vital for SESS application. Existing researches mainly focus on centralized control, which has strict requirement for communication safety and bandwidth. To fill this gap, a distributed SoC balancing control method is proposed for SESS in grid-connected mode. Through this method, the SoC balancing and synchronization can be realized in both charge and discharge mode. An average SoC estimator is designed based on dynamic consensus control, which only relies on the communication between adjacent neighbors. And simulation results under different conditions are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Permittivity Measurement Technique for Solid and Powder Materials

Nowadays, the need for the development and production of new dielectric materials is growing every day, which entails an increase in the popularity of measuring dielectric characteristics for newly invented powders and solid materials due to the need to determine electrodynamic parameters of each material. There are various methods for studying the complex permittivity with various features and advantages that will allow measuring samples of materials by both non-destructive and destructive methods. This article describes two methods for measuring electrodynamic parameters - a one-port open-ended coaxial probe and a two-port transmission line method. To determine applicability of these methods for measurement permittivity of solid materials we used thermally stabilized polyethylene (PE 1000) and for powder materials aluminum oxide micro size powder was used. The real and imaginary parts of the permittivity were obtained. The article analyzes and compares these parts of the dielectric constant obtained by different methods. As a result of comparing these data with passport data, one can observe how the shortcomings and inaccuracies of the methods affect the experimental results obtained.
Seismic Performance Analyses of Pile-supported Transmission Tower-line Systems Subjected to Depth-varying Spatial Ground Motions

ABSTRACT Past major earthquakes have witnessed extensive pile-supported transmission tower-line systems (PSTLs) failing, which highlights the great susceptibility of PSTLs to damage from earthquakes. However, a comprehensive literature review in seismic analysis of PSTLs reveals that two critical aspects, i.e. soil–structure interaction (SSI) and depth-varying spatial ground motions (DVSGMs), have been completely overlooked in numerous previous studies. To be specific, pile-supported transmission towers are generally assumed to be fixed to the ground surface and are excited using uniform ground motion inputs. Such analytical schemes may result in severe misestimates of seismic response predictions of PSTLs. Within this context, the main objective of the present study is to accurately assess the seismic performance of PSTLs by considering SSI and using DVSGMs as inputs. For this purpose, an existing prototype PSTL is firstly selected and the corresponding three-dimensional finite element model is created in ABAQUS software, in which SSI is simulated by the Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation (BNWF) model. Then, the three-dimensional DVSGMs are stochastically synthesized based on the computed ground motion transfer functions (GMTFs) of local sites. Next, seismic performance of the PSTL with SSI, including dynamic responses, ultimate bearing capacity, and failure mechanism, is assessed using the generated DVSGMs as seismic inputs. Finally, a parametric study is conducted to comprehensively examine and discuss the influences of SSI, seismic excitation types, coherence loss, and local site conditions on seismic performance of the PSTL. Numerical results show that seismic performance of PSTLs can be affected significantly by the above mentioned influencing factors. This research is expected to offer a meaningful reference to seismic performance assessments of PSTLs.
Online Simulation of Illustration Patterns Based on Digital Art Design

Illustration art is an important part of graphic design, and is an intuitive means of artistic expression. Based on the gradual development of social networks and modern illustration art, digital illustration technology has become the main means of expression in modern graphic design. Starting from the basic concept of illustration art in the digital age, this study analyzes the application of digital illustration art and promotes the innovative development of the artistic expression of graphic design in China. This study will combine the traditional Chinese painting language with digital illustration creation in an inquiry-based manner, optimize the standard genetic algorithm, verify it through experimental simulation, and find that the model is more innovative based on the original model. This study provides a certain theoretical basis for the development of digital illustration in China and has a certain propaganda effect on the traditional Chinese painting language.
Sustainable intensification through double-cropping and plant-based fertilization: production and plant-soil nitrogen interactions in a 5-year crop rotation of organic vegetables

ABSTRACT A sustainably intensified (SI) organic vegetable rotation, employing plant-based fertilizers, more crops, reduced tillage, and cover crops was compared to common practice (CP) where plants were fertilized with animal manure, typically one crop was grown per season, soil was plowed and often left bare over winter. Second and third-year results are presented. Nitrogen (N) input obtained within the rotation from N2 fixed by legume cover crops was higher under SI (34% potential self-sufficiency) than CP (5%). Marketable yields of cabbage, celeriac, leek, lettuce, and onion were similar, and aboveground dry matter increased by 16% under SI (8.6 Mg ha−1) compared to CP (7.5 Mg ha−1). Nitrogen use efficiency (N output/ N input) was 8–16% higher under SI compared to CP, mainly due to the full year clover. Nitrogen surface balance (N input – N output) was higher for SI compared to CP, indicating increased N leaching risk under SI. Short season and shallow-rooted crops under SI left more mineral N to 2.5 m depth in autumn than deeper-rooted crops under CP. Cover crops indicated to mitigate N leaching risk. Vegetable production can be intensified sustainably using more yielding crops, cover crops, reduced tillage, and plant-based fertilizers.
Quadratic Displacement Operators—Theory and Application to Millimeter-Wave Channel Tracking

First, a family of quadratic displacement operators based on group Fourier Transform has been proposed for joint distribution analysis. Second, considering the quadratic displacement operators, a novel millimeter-wave massive MIMO channel tracking has been proposed in Time-Angle (TA) plane. Due to a poor scattering environment, millimeter-wave communication suffers from an ill-conditioned channel matrix. Computationally effective compressed sensing has been proposed to estimate a few dominant paths. These methods rely on orthogonal pilot signals to estimate the channel reliably. However, applying compressed-sensing solutions to the continuous channel leads to significant pilot overhead. To reduce the pilot overhead, one needs to consider the channel dynamics, particularly the spectral overlap between the channel samples. Considering that channel spectral properties can be represented as a joint time-angle distribution, we propose a novel quadratic displacement operator in TA-plane. Considering group Fourier transform in TA-plane, we show that the subderivative of an angular parameter is the dual group of the original angular signal. For a group transform defined over the finite Abelian group, with respect to the finite-dimensional antenna arrays, the purposed time-angle representation matches the cover space of manifold defined in the virtual channel model recommended by A. Sayeed. In TA-plane, the quadratic displacement operator maps old time-angle coordinate onto a new coordinate by taking to account the local spectral properties of the channel samples. By applying the purposed quadratic displacement operator to the Saleh-Valenzuela channel model, the time evolution operator for directional millimeter-wave channel has been derived. Assuming independently identically distributed multipath contribution, we show that channel Wigner distribution is the direct sum of the cluster-wise Wigner distribution. Accordingly, we have shown that the continuous linear time-variant channel transfer function can be represented as the Hadamard product between Wigner distribution of the channel and Saleh-Valenzuela model. Considering the fact that the density matrix is a Weyl correspondence of Wigner distribution, a union of subspaces method has been employed to construct the density matrix for channels samples with slightly different states. Numerical results have been presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed channel tracking method.
An Innovative Decision Support System for Smart Cities Government based on Sentiment Analysis and IoT technologies

Recently, the widespread diffusion of ICT technologies enabling the Internet of Things has transformed many cities into “smart cities” motivated by the increasing citizens' need of a more comfortable and livable ambient. In recent years various works proposed innovative solutions to help administrations in monitoring various aspects of the city life and the connected services (e.g, the air and noise pollution monitoring to enhance public transportation), but these solutions usually base their proposals only on one of the two most spread approaches: the monitoring based on the data collected through IoT sensors, and the one based only on the suggestions received by users about dangerous or strange situations in the area of the city in which they live. For this reason, this paper proposes an innovative architecture to combine the two approaches. A modular architecture is proposed to support a) the collection of citizens' feedback (positive or negative) in terms of free-text messages, b) the automatic categorization (positive / negative) of received free-text comments performed through both a consolidated topic-detection algorithm and a Machine Learning algorithm based on the sentiment analysis approach, c) the integration of mobile devices and fixed devices for monitoring different areas of the city with respect to the services reviewed by the citizens, d) the visualization of the status of the city and its areas in a dedicated dashboard capable of correlating the two types of data and providing statistics on the real conditions of the areas. A preliminary prototype of the whole architecture and the described mobile and fixed devices was developed and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach and inspire new future works.
Microwave imaging of periodic rough surfaces

This article presents the reconstruction of the periodic rough surface. By the Maxwell equations, the periodic Green functions and the boundary conditions, we can get the integral equations; then these equations can be converted into matrix form by the method of moment. We can reconstruct the relative permittivity and shape of periodic rough surfaces through the application of the integral equations and the measured scattered field. The inverse scattering problem is transformed into an optimization problem and solved by self‐adaptive dynamic differential evolution (SADDE) which can process a lot of unknowns for the electromagnetic imaging problems. The article tests the search ability and the resistance to noise for SADDE by different initial guesses for the periodic rough surface. By using the SADDE to reconstruct the periodic rough surface, numerical results show that the SADDE converges to the overall extreme value (global extreme) regardless of the initial guess. Even if the initial guess is far away from the actual value, SADDE can get the correct periodic length, the relative permittivity and shape of the periodic rough surface. Simulation results also show that good reconstruction can be obtained for the noise <1%.
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Ardak G. Batyrkhanov, Zhanna B. Sadirmekova, Madina A. Sambetbayeva, Assel N. Nurgulzhanova, Zhuldyz S. Ismagulova, Algerim S. Yerimbetova Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Information Technology, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Information Technology, M. H. Dulaty Taraz Regional University, Taraz, Kazakhstan Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Institute of Heat Power Engineering and Control Systems, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named G. Daukeyev, Almaty, Kazakhstan Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khoja AkhmetYassawi International Kasakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan Department of Software Engineering, Institute of Automation and Information Technologies, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Atyrau State University named after H. Dosmukhamedov, Atyrau, Kazakhstan
Analysis and management algorithms of the noise level for the ExoMars MicroMED instrument

Among its principal purposes, the next ExoMars mission aims to the study of the martian climate and planetary boundary layer. The mission lander hosts the sensor MicroMED aimed to monitor the dust embedded into the atmosphere. This work presents the study of the MicroMED noise characteristics and the techniques adopted to filter the resulting false positive detections. In particular, it shows a simple algorithm able to optimize the instrument performances, when both an AC and DC signal interferences are involved.
Optimal Reliable Electrical Vehicles Charging Stations Applying Grey Wolf Technique

This paper presents an efficient Grey Wolf optimization technique to solve the Electrical Vehicles Charging Stations (EVCS) allocation problem in radial feeders for reliability enhancement. Energy not supplied is a reliability objective resolved to apply the Grey Wolf optimization method. Modeling and allocating the EVCS is a challenging task in the distribution network as per the growing use of Electric vehicles (EVs) due to the massive demand for electrical energy. Siting of EVCS greatly impacts the system losses of the distribution network. Based on component reliability data and system topology, distribution system reliability assessment can predict the interruption profile of a distribution network. EVCS is being adopted in distribution networks taking into consideration the state of charge of the vehicle battery. Grey Wolf optimization technique is proposed to obtain EVCS optimal location for reliability improvement. The effectiveness of the proposed objective function has been studied on standard test distribution systems (IEEE 69 bus radial distribution systems).
Properties of the lateral mesoscale eddy-induced transport in a high-resolution ocean model: Beyond the flux-gradient relation

Lateral mesoscale eddy-induced tracer transport is traditionally represented in coarse-resolution models by the flux-gradient relation. In its most complete form, the relation assumes the eddy tracer flux as a product of the large-scale tracer concentration gradient and an eddy transport coefficient tensor. However, several recent studies reported that the tensor has significant spatio-temporal complexity and is not uniquely defined, that is, it is sensitive to the tracer distributions and to the presence of non-divergent (“rotational”) component of the eddy flux. These issues could lead to significant biases in the representation of the eddy-induced transport. Using a high-resolution tracer model of the Gulf Stream region, we examine the diffusive and advective properties of lateral eddy-induced transport of dynamically passive tracers, re-evaluate the utility of the flux-gradient relation, and propose an alternative approach based on modeling the local eddy forcing by a combination of diffusion and generalized eddy-induced advection. Mesoscale eddies are defined by a scale-based spatial filtering, which leads to the importance of new eddy-induced terms, including eddy-mean covariances in the eddy fluxes. The results show that the biases in representing these terms are noticeably reduced by the new approach. A series of targeted simulations in the high-resolution model further demonstrates that the approach outperforms the flux-gradient model in reproducing the stirring and dispersing effect of eddies. Our study indicates potential to upgrade the traditional flux-gradient relation for representing the eddy-induced tracer transport.
A Visual Analytics Method for Time-Series Log Data Using Multiple Dimensionality Reduction

The size and complexity of supercomputer systems and their power and cooling facilities have continuously increased, thus posing additional challenge for long-term and stable operation. Supercomputers are shared computational resources and usually operate with di ff erent computational workloads at di ff erent locations (space) and timings (time). Better understanding of the supercomputer system’s heat generation and cooling behavior is highly desired from the facility operational side for decision making and optimization planning. In this work, we present a dimensionality reduction-based visual analytics method for time-series log data, from supercomputer system and its facility, to capture characteristic spatio-temporal features and behaviors during the operation.
Performance Studies and Star Tracking for PoGOLite

PoGOLite is a balloon-borne experiment, which will study polarized soft γ-ray emissionfrom astrophysical targets in the 25-80 keV energy range by applying well-typephoswich detector technology. Polarized γ-rays are expected from a wide variety of sources including rotation-powered pulsars, accreting black holes and neutron stars,and jet-dominated active galaxies. Polarization measurements provide a powerfulprobe of the γ-ray emission mechanism and the distribution of magnetic and radiation fields around the source. The polarization is determined using Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption in an array of 217 plastic scintillators. The sensitive detector is surrounded by a segmented Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) anticoincidence shield. The function of this shield is to reduce backgrounds from charged cosmic rays, primary and atmospheric γ-rays, and atmospheric and instrumenta lneutrons. The anticoincidence shield consists of 427 BGO crystals with three different geometries. The characteristics of the BGO crystals of the bottom anticoincidence shield have been studied with particular focus on the light yield.The maiden flight of PoGOLite will be with a reduced detector volume “pathfinder” instrument. The flight, lasting about 24 hours, is foreseen from Esrange, Sweden in August 2010. The performance of the pathfinder has been studied using computer simulations. The effect of atmospheric attenuation, both on the signal of theastronomical target and on the background, are studied. These allow an observationstrategy to be developed for the forthcoming flight. A polarization analysis method is described and applied to an observation example. The method sets anupper limit on the accuracy with which the polarimeter will be able to detect polarization the angle and degree. The PoGOLite polarimeter has a relatively small field of view (2.4◦×2.4◦) which must be kept aligned to objects of interest on the sky. A star tracker forms part of the attitude control system. The star trackersystem comprises a CCD camera, a lens, and a baffle system. Preliminary studiesof the star identification performance are presented and are found to be compatible with the environment around the Crab, which is the main observational target for the first flight.
Una investigación sobre los esquemas conceptuales del continuo. Ensayo de un cuestionario

Calculus, we have established a questionnaire and an analytical approach to responses, fully rooted in networks. The theoretical framework is based on the Dreyfus and Vinner idea of cconcept image)), where we attune the expression eperception of a propertyn. We have tested the questionnaire on 74 students in the range of 16-17 years old, acquiring valuable information in return about their perception on non-discrete ordering. On the other hand, we have established a draft ordered system for models) of geometric continuum, verifying the fact that, for non-integers, the way they are written comes out to be the most representative property of the various sets of numbers. At the end, we put forth an open question about the coherence of the concept images of people with different degrees of expertise.
Selection of variables in principal components analysis

In this article, we introduce a procedure for selecting variables in principal components analysis. The procedure was developed to identify a small subset of the original variables that "best explain" the principal components through nonparametric relationships. There are usually some "noisy" uninformative variables in a dataset, and some variables that are strongly related to each other because of their general interdependence. The procedure is designed to be used following the satisfactory initial use of a principal components analysis with all variables, and its aim is to help to interpret underlying structures, particularly in high dimensional data. We analyse the asymptotic behaviour of the method and provide an example by applying the procedure to some real data.
The Impact of Technological Support on Citizen Searches for Missing Persons

Abstract This study explored the effects of technological support on citizen searches during missing persons cases. A qualitative experimental design was used to investigate the effects of the prototype of an app, Sarea, developed by the Dutch police to help citizens initiate and coordinate a search. Two conditions were used: intervention groups, who were given phones with the app installed, and control groups without this support. A total of seven searches were conducted—four intervention groups and three control groups with group sizes between three and five people (N = 33). Data were collected through the System Usability Scale and one-to-one observation of individual searchers. The results showed that technology provides valuable support to citizens in coordinating and visualizing a citizen search. However, divided attention due to increased cognitive load during the search, and the unwarranted legitimization of human choices by a technological interface, can make collaboration between humans and technology problematic.
A full solution to the constrained stochastic closed-loop MPC problem via state and innovations feedback and its receding horizon implementation

In this paper we present a full solution to the closed-loop model predictive control problem intrinsically using an observer and innovations feedback, a structure that turns out to be crucial to find its receding horizon implementation. Closed-loop MPC is a strategy in which a reference feedforward trajectory and a linear time varying feedback map are optimized simultaneously using convex optimization techniques. In this formulation, future disturbances are suppressed in an unconservative way by taking future measurements into account. Due to the finite horizon formulation one is forced to use a receding horizon implementation (as in open-loop model predictive control) and we will reveal how to do so.