Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Safety Aspects of Fermented and Probiotic Foods

Fermentation is an age old technique that has been progressing continuously for better shelf life, safety, digestibility and for better nutritional value of fermented milk products. Lactic acid bacteria are most important in onset of fermentation which directing health benefits conferred by them. These health benefits are strain specific as genetic, biochemical and physiological differences among the strains of the same species. Safety evaluation and assessment of local and undefined cultures are utmost important otherwise, it may promotes public allegations succeeding into confidence loss in functional foods. Conventional techniques of toxicology and safety evaluation are not sufficient since a probiotic is meant to survive and grow in human colon in order to benefit humans. Hence, there is a need for in vivo assessment in support of in vitro confirmation for an adequate safety of currently undefined cultures before their use in fermented milk products preparations.
YIELD RESPONSE OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) TO DEFICIT AND REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION UNDER ARID/SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

Frequent droughts and scarcity of irrigation water supplies in arid/semi-arid areas prohibit sustainable crop production. Reports on global water scarcity (Bonsch et al., 2015) indicate that approximately two-third of the world population will be facing water scarcity of certain degree in near future. This water scarcity will adversely affect food security and sustainability by reducing crop production (Hanjra and Qureshi, 2010). A sizeable quantity of water can be saved by increasing water use efficiency/productivity through environmentally sustainable and socially acceptable irrigation methods/ technologies such as high efficiency irrigation systems and deficit (DI) or regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) management strategies. These techniques have been widely used in several countries as a valuable approach where water is limiting factor in crop production (Liu et al., 2015). Unlike full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation is a water management strategy used to increase water use efficiency (WUE) or water productivity (WP) either with water stress maintained at defined growth stage or throughout the crop growing cycle that have little impact on yield (Fereres and Soriano, 2007). The resulting yield reduction should be small enough compared to the benefits obtained by using the saved water to either bringing additional area under cultivation (Hanson et al., 2007) or irrigating other fields for which water might normally be insufficient to meet crop water demands under traditional irrigation practices. Similarly, regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is the frequent irrigation with reduced amount of water at crop growth stages exposed to drought conditions under semi-humid or semi-arid environments (Leite et al., 2015). Many researchers reported the strategy and benefits of deficit irrigation management for different crops (El-Mageed and Semida, 2015; Samperio et al., 2015). However, research and adoption of deficit irrigation management strategy has seldom been studied in Pakistan despite heavy reliance on irrigation for crop production. Since water is getting increasingly scarce, optimizing crop yields and WUE is imperatively needed. In irrigated systems this could be achieved by scheduling irrigation in such a way that inevitable water deficit periods coincide with the least sensitive crop growth stages thus avoiding water stress at critical growth stages. It seemed justified, therefore, to explore the possibility of saving irrigation water without compromising yield. The present study was carried out to determine the impact of different irrigation regimes on yield and water productivity of wheat, and devise irrigation management Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 54(1), 135-144; 2017 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/17.5395 http://www.pakjas. com.pk
Equations of Relativistic and Quantum Mechanics (without Spin)

A relativistically invariant representation of the generalized momentum of a particle in an external field is proposed. In this representation, the dependence of the potentials of the interaction of the particle with the field on the particle velocity is taken into account. The exact correspondence of the expressions of energy and potential energy for the classical Hamiltonian is established, which makes identical the solutions to the problems of mechanics with relativistic and nonrelativistic approaches. The invariance of the proposed representation of the generalized momentum makes it possible to equivalently describe a physical system in geometrically conjugate spaces of kinematic and dynamic variables. Relativistic invariant equations are proposed for the action function and the wave function based on the invariance of the representation of the generalized momentum. The equations have solutions for any values of the constant interaction of the particle with the field, for example, in the problem of a hydrogen-like atom, when the atomic number of the nucleus is Z > 137. Based on the parametric representation of the action, the expression for the canonical Lagrangian, the equations of motion, and the expression for the force acting on the charge are derived when moving in an external electromagnetic field. The Dirac equation with the correct inclusion of the interaction for a particle in an external field is presented. In this form, the solutions of the equations are not limited by the value of the interaction constant. The solutions of the problem of charge motion in a constant electric field, the problems for a particle in a potential well and the passage of a particle through a potential barrier, the problems of motion in an exponential field (Morse), and also the problems of a hydrogen atom are given.
Tracing theories in realist evaluations of large-scale health programmes in low- and middle-income countries: experience from Nigeria

Abstract Realist evaluations (RE) are increasingly popular in assessing health programmes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This article reflects on processes of gleaning, developing, testing, consolidating and refining two programme theories (PTs) from a longitudinal mixed-methods RE of a national maternal and child health programme in Nigeria. The two PTs, facility security and patient–provider trust, represent complex and diverse issues: trust is all encompassing although less tangible, while security is more visible. Neither PT was explicit in the original programme design but emerged from the data and was supported by substantive theories. For security, we used theories of fear of crime, which perceive security as progressing from structural, political and socio-economic factors. Some facilities with the support of communities erected fences, improved lighting and employed guards, which altogether contributed to reduced fear of crime from staff and patients and improved provision and uptake of health care. The social theories for the trust PT were progressively selected to disentangle trust-related micro, meso and macro factors from the deployment and training of staff and conditional cash transfers to women for service uptake. We used taxonomies of trust factors such as safety, benevolent concerns and capability. We used social capital theory to interpret the sustainability of ‘residual’ trust after the funding for the programme ceased. Our overarching lesson is that REs are important though time-consuming ways of generating context-specific implications for policy and practice within ever-changing contexts of health systems in LMICs. It is important to ensure that PTs are ‘pitched at the right level’ of abstraction. The resource-constrained context of LMICs with insufficient documentation poses challenges for the timely convergence of nuggets of evidence to inform PTs. A retroductive approach to REs requires iterative data collection and analysis against the literature, which require continuity, coherence and shared understanding of the analytical processes within collaborative REs.
The Description of Heat Capacity by the Debye – Mayer – Kelly Hybrid Model

The universal Debye – Mayer – Kelly hybrid model was proposed for the description of the heat capacity from 0 K to the melting points of substance within the experimental uncertainty for the first time. To describe the heat capacity, the in-house software on the base of commercial one DELPHI-7 was used with a 95% confidence level. To demonstrate the perfect suitability of this model, a thermodynamic analysis of the heat capacities of the fourth group elements, and some compounds of the AB and AB phases was carried out. It produced good agreement within the experimental uncertainty. There is no a similar model description in literature. The Similarity Method is a convenient and effective tool for critical analysis of the heat capacities of isostructural phases, which was used as an example for diamond-like compounds. Phases with the same sum of the atomic numbers of elements (Z), such as diamond and B0.5 N0.5 (cub) (Z = 6); pure silicon (Si) and Al0.5 P0.5 (Z=14); pure germanium (Ge) and Ga0.5 As0.5 (Z = 32)); pure grey tin (alpha-Sn) and In0.5 Sb0.5, and Cd0.5 Te0.5 (Z = 50) have the same heat capacity experimental values in the solid state. The proposed Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 26 August 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0576. v1 © 2020 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. models can be used to both different binary and multicomponent phases. It helps to standardize the physicochemical constants.
Targeting Glutamine Metabolism and Redox State for Leukemia Therapy

Purpose: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the accumulation of immature myeloid precursor cells. AML is poorly responsive to conventional chemotherapy and a diagnosis of AML is usually fatal. More effective and less toxic forms of therapy are desperately needed. AML cells are known to be highly dependent on the amino acid glutamine for their survival. These studies were directed at determining the effects of glutaminase inhibition on metabolism in AML and identifying general weaknesses that can be exploited therapeutically. Experimental Design: AML cancer cell lines, primary AML cells, and mouse models of AML and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were utilized. Results: We show that blocking glutamine metabolism through the use of a glutaminase inhibitor (CB-839) significantly impairs antioxidant glutathione production in multiple types of AML, resulting in accretion of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS) and apoptotic cell death. Moreover, glutaminase inhibition makes AML cells susceptible to adjuvant drugs that further perturb mitochondrial redox state, such as arsenic trioxide (ATO) and homoharringtonine (HHT). Indeed, the combination of ATO or HHT with CB-839 exacerbates mitoROS and apoptosis, and leads to more complete cell death in AML cell lines, primary AML patient samples, and in vivo using mouse models of AML. In addition, these redox-targeted combination therapies are effective in eradicating ALL cells in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Targeting glutamine metabolism in combination with drugs that perturb mitochondrial redox state represents an effective and potentially widely applicable therapeutic strategy for treating multiple types of leukemia.
Carryover of DPX-PE350 to Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Soybean (Glycine max) on Two Arkansas Soils

Field experiments were conducted to determine carryover potential to grain sorghum and soybean of DPX-PE350 applied POST at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 kg ai ha−1 to cotton the previous year. DPX-PE350 did not injure soybean or affect yield adversely. Grain sorghum was injured and maturity delayed on a Sharkey silty clay but not on a Calloway silt loam. Grain sorghum yield was reduced on both soils 16 and 22%, respectively, by residues from the 0.1 and 0.2 kg ha−1 rates of DPX-PE350. In an incubation study, dissipation of DPX-PE350 was greater at 35 C than at 5 C. , and did not differ between the two soils.
Distribution of gammaridean amphipoda (Crustacea) on Georges Bank

The distribution of 97 species of gammaridean amphipods is described for the Georges Bank region, based on 379 samples from 326 stations. A wide variety of sampling gear was used, resulting in representation of both infaunal and epifaunal species. Geographic and bathymetric distributions, and sediment preferences are summarized for each species. The zoogeography of the gammaridean fauna of Georges Bank is discussed, and the most common geographic distribution patterns are described and related to environmental parameters.
Dynamic Joint Simulation and Control of Hybrid Driven Three-degree-of-freedom Motor

In order to solve the problem of complex motion coordination deviation and low flexibility of the existing drive unit in multi-rigid body coupling system, a new type of permanent magnet three-degree-of-freedom motor structure design is proposed, which is divided into inner deflection module and peripheral rotation modules. Their operating strategies can be divided into independent control and hybrid drive. By using the effect of strong magnetic and magnetic circuit shielding of Halbach array, the magnetic field characteristics of the motor's self-rotating permanent magnet are optimized and improved. Based on the construction of the joint simulation platform, the controlled object was derived by ADAMS software, and the control system was designed in MATLAB software. Aiming at the nonlinear and strongly coupled dynamic system, sliding mode control was selected as the dynamic control algorithm to study the trajectory tracking of the motor rotor shaft. By combining the dynamic model of the motor, the S function is written to complete the design of the controller. The simulation results show that the joint simulation interface and sliding mode control algorithm can well implement the trajectory tracking of hybrid drive motors.
Who eats “frankenfoods” in Egypt? A structural equation analysis

Abstract This study investigates the influence of various cultural values and psychological factors on the genetically modified food (GMF) purchase behavior of Egyptian consumers. A conceptual model based on the value-attitude-behavior hierarchy has been developed. The survey results provide strong support for the validity of the proposed model. Specifically, the findings from the structural equation model confirm the influence of the consumers’ values, gene technology knowledge, and perceived benefits and risks of gene technology on their attitudes toward GMF. Consumers’ attitudes toward GMF, in turn, are also found to affect their actual GMF purchase behavior. The study discusses how the present findings may help marketers to fine-tune their GMF marketing programs.
The role of soil biota during invasion of Impatiens glandulifera Royle and restoration at invaded sites.

This thesis focuses on the exotic plant Impatiens glandulifera, which has invaded many habitats in the UK, including north-east England. Soil biota are frequently implicated in influencing plant invasions and here this is investigated by examining the soil-mediated impacts of I. glandulifera on native plant species. Select native plants, along with I. glandulifera, were grown in field-collected soil that had been invaded and not invaded by I. glandulifera. Sterilised versus unsterilised soil was used to test if any differences detected were mediated by soil microbes. Results showed that the growth of the native plant species was not necessarily negatively affected by growing in soils invaded by I. glandulifera. Evidence was also found that I. glandulifera may alter mycorrhizal colonisation of a native plant species in invaded soils. A consistent effect of soil origin was also found, which demonstrates the complexity and context-dependency of plant invasions. Findings from plant-soil interaction studies were then applied to the context of native plant restoration at invaded sites; a management approach often side-lined in invasive plant species control. The utility of two soil treatments were tested for I. glandulifera control, firstly addition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which is a significant contributor to plant biodiversity in natural systems; secondly, additions of activated carbon (AC), which is often used to negate the negative soil-mediated impacts of invasive plant species, through adsorption of allelochemicals. No effect of AMF on plant cover was detected and results suggested that AC may actually increase cover of I. glandulifera and thus may not be a suitable restoration tool.
A review of eucalyptus propagation and conservation

1Department of Biotechnology and Consumer Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Corner Tenant and Kaizersgracht streets, 8001 Cape Town, South Africa, *E-mail: muhammad.nakhooda@gmail.com 2School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, 3630 Durban, South Africa 3Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Pl-27, 4 Yliopistonkatu str. , 001000 Helsinki, Finland
Analysis and Control of the Physicochemical Quality of Groundwater in the Chari Baguirmi Region in Chad

Water resources are threatened nowadays by pollution that comes from domestic, industrial and agricultural discharges without prior treatment. This pollution causes the degradation of water quality. Surface pollutants can seep through the soil into water tables. The objective of our work is to assess and control the physicochemical quality of the Chari Baguirmi groundwater, to protect human health. The quality of 83 boreholes was assessed, while performing analysis for 12 physicochemical parameters at the National Water Laboratory and at the Center for Quality Control of Foodstuffs in Chad. These parameters are pH, EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, SO42−, NH4+ and NO3−, Fe2+ and HCO3−. The results obtained were also compared with WHO standards. The geochemical statistical approach has made it possible to characterize hydro geochemical properties and to understand the major processes of mineralization of groundwater resources in the Chari Baguirmi region in Chad. Some of its waters are acidic and weakly mineralized, rich in Fe2+ and NH4+. The origin of the mineralization is due to the alteration of the host rocks and to the hydrolysis of silicate and ferromagnesian minerals, as well as anthropogenic pollution. The ammonium concentrations in N’Djamena boreholes are higher than WHO standards, indicating the presence of pollution which may come from organic waste. These results constitute a preliminary step in understanding hydro geochemical functioning and a basis for monitoring the physicochemical quality of water in the study area.
Classification of Indonesian Presidential Campaign on Twitter Using Word2Vec

Indonesia is a country that use democracy system and one of the largest in the world. The process of democracy continues every 5 years and always raises the pros and cons in the community especially on social media. This research explains the process of presidential election in Indonesia using Word2Vec as an extraction feature. Some classifications used are K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) to decide sentiment. The purpose of this research is to compare several classifications as well as to know the highest accuracy of some classification use. Post data about presidential candidates through the crawling process on social media Twitter. Data originating directly from the community and national media produce variations of various responses. The data processed is as much as 640 in Bahasa Indonesia with the keywords Prabowo, Sandi, Jokowi, and Ma'ruf. The results showed the highest accuracy gained when using the Random Forest Classification method, with the highest accuracy reaching 98.33% and lowest accuracy reaching 81.96% using Support Vector Machine.
The IoT as a Key in the Sensitive Balance between Development Needs and Sustainable Conservation of Cultural Resources in Italian Heritage Cities

In recent years the application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to the built heritage has been increasingly finalized to heritage promotion in order to maximize visitor flows. New urgent challenges facing built heritage loom now over its very existence and our possibilities to preserve it for future generations. Italian heritage cities represent a delicate context, where concerns related to tourist flows and resource consumption are amplified due to the concentration of sites and points of interests in urban areas, also in very small ones, while tourism remains vital for economic growth. In such contexts, balancing economic development and sustainable heritage conservation demands well-calibrated tools and approaches. The article presents an overview of the ways the Internet of Things (IoT) is currently used to solve urban issues and support heritage projects. On this basis, and considering the characters and problems typical of heritage cities, as well as the features of the Italian scenario, the most appropriate application lines of IoT for the Italian heritage cities are identified. Then, their potentialities, the mutual impacts between them and the heritage field and the key role of the IoT in supporting the delicate balance between economic development and cultural resource conservation are finally discussed.
Comparative Modeling and Molecular Docking Studies of Quorum Sensing Transcriptional Regulating Factor SdiA from Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Euphorbia hirta a traditional medicinal plant which is endowed with curative properties including antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral and analgesic properties. Bacteria make use of cell to cell signalling system known as Quorum sensing (QS) and respond to their own population. In most of the gram negative bacteria, the transcriptional regulators belonging to LuxR protein plays a crucial role in QS mechanism by detecting the presence of signaling molecules known as N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). Certain bacteria do not produce any of the quorum-sensing signaling molecules including AHL on its own, while they are capable to sense the AHLs of other bacterial species to regulate the pathogenicity. In such cases they encodes a LuxR homolog, SdiA (Suppressor of cell division inhibition), that can recognise the AHLs produced by other bacteria. Thus SdiA is one of the potential drug target as its AHL binding induces the transcription of many virulent genes. In this present work, anti-quorum sensing activity of Euphorbia hirta was evaluated against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Anti-quorum sensing efficacy of Euphorbia hirta was estimated with reference to QS Biomonitoring strain Chromobacterium violaceum. The binding efficacy of the phytochemicals of Euphorbia hirta against CviR Protein from Chromobacterium violaceum and SdiA Protein from Euphorbia hirta were studied.
Spawning locations and larval dispersal of Atlantic Menhaden during 1977–2013

Spawning locations and larval dispersal of Atlantic Menhaden during 1977–2013 Cara A. Simpson, Hongsheng Bi*, Dong Liang, Michael J. Wilberg, Amy M. Schueller, Geneviève M. Nesslage and Harvey J. Walsh Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, P. O. Box 38, 146 Williams Street, Solomons, MD 20688, USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Beaufort Laboratory, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Oceanography Branch, 28 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA *Corresponding author: tel: þ1 410 326 7249; fax: þ1 410 326 7318; e-mail: hbi@umces.edu