Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined Error Adaptive Fuzzy–PI for Reducing DC Voltage Ripple in ThreePhase SPWM Boost Rectifier Under Unbalanced DGs System

Boost rectifiers are commonly used as the input for power inverters. The output voltage of the boost rectifiers should have high quality and precise value to enable the power inverters to achieve maximum performance. However, the grid occasionally supplied unbalanced voltage and current to the boost rectifiers so that the performance of the rectifiers is impaired. When unbalanced AC voltages occurred, the frequency of DC voltage ripples may become two times higher than the AC voltage frequency. The unbalance voltage and current may occur when the grid is supplied by several single-phase Distribution Generators (DGs) with varied capacities. This condition becomes more complicated if the DG is renewable energy in which the output power is intermittent. This study proposes a novel three-phase pulse-width modulated (PWM) boost rectifier control using Voltage Oriented Control (VOC) with a Combined error adaptive fuzzy-PI (CEAF). CEAF is a combination of the Delta error adaptive fuzzy (DEAF) and the Absolute error adaptive fuzzy (AEAF). DEAF is a self-tuning fuzzy-PI method that is generally used as an adaptive fuzzy controller with inputs of errors e(t) and delta error de(t). As for AEAF, it is a modified DEAF of which the inputs are the absolute values of e(t) and de(t). This adaptive Fuzzy-PI is used to determine Kp and Ki values that suit the needs, especially when the sources are fluctuating or unbalanced. The performance of the proposed controller is then compared with a conventional DEAF and with a well-adjusted PI controller. Based on the simulation in Matlab/Simulink, the proposed method would result in a significant reduction in DC voltage ripples and DC steadystate error when fluctuating, unbalanced voltages occur. The resulted ripple voltage decreases from 0.16% to become 0.12%. The steady-state error decreases from 0.27% to become 0.19%.
Chromosomal Features of the Endemic Pill Millipedes (Arthrosphaera: Sphaerotheriidae, Diplopoda) from Western Ghats, India

Chromosome features and karyotypes of male meiosis of 2 species of pill millipedes belonging to the genus Arthrosphaera (Arthrosphaera dalyi and Arthrosphaera sp.) endemic to the Western Ghats revealed interesting facts. The Arthrosphaera dalyi has diploid chromosome number (2n) 30 with relative lengths ranging from 39–195. It showed 3–4 distinct subtelocentric chromosome pairs with discernible short arms and the rest are acrocentrics and/or telocentrics. In Arthrosphaera sp. the diploid chromosome number (2n) is 26 and all chromosomes are telocentrics with relative lengths ranging from 36–178. The first pair of chromosome is the largest of all the chromosomes in both the species and is homomorphic in Arthrosphaera sp. and hetromorphic in A. dalyi, wherein one of the chromosomes is the largest and subtelocentric with a clear short arm and the other homologue is a telocentric chromosome. The sex determination mechanism is XX/XY type. A synopsis of the diplopod chromosomes is presented, compared and the possible evolutionary significance have been discussed.
You Are What You Eat: The Relationship between Values and Organic Food Consumption

In current times, the man-made problems affecting our planet (climate change, loss of biodiversity, etc.) are making an urgent case for shifting towards a more sustainable kind of consumption. One of the ways these problems can be addressed is to promote organic agriculture, which means boosting levels of organic food consumption. This study examines the relationship between the number of organic foods consumed and the specific values that consumers look for in foods, in order to deepen the current knowledge regarding the behaviour of the organic food consumer. To this end, data was analysed from a face-to-face survey of 776 people in Spain through bivariate analysis techniques. Results show that organic food consumers have a different pattern of values from non-consumers and a greater level of involvement with food in general. Moreover, within the group of organic consumers, the effect of values on the quantity or variety of foods consumed is not as marked, although there are differences in favour of those that consume more frequently. Lastly, the main implication of the results obtained is that, in order to increase consumption, selfish values should be connected with altruistic ones. For this reason, instilling a specific value based on the term or concept “life” is proposed.
Trends of tree growth in Swedish forests 1953–1992: An analysis based on sample trees from the national forest inventory

Average tree height and basal area growth for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst. ) in Sweden were studied as functions of species, age, stand density, location and year of inventory in the period 1953–1992, on the basis of sample tree data from the National Forest Inventory. A highly significant annual increase of both height and basal area growth was found, of the magnitude 0.5–0.8%, during the 40 yr period. Possible reasons for the trend are discussed. The altered way of cutting in the early 1950s, from selective cutting to clear felling and thinning from below, has had a large impact. Also, improved regeneration methods, nitrogen fertilization and ditching have increased growth. The increasing atmospheric deposition of nitrogen is another possible factor.
Die Mallophagengattung Trinoton

The available literature on Trinoton species is analyzed and reviewed. Rich material especially from Yakutia is studied. The taxonomic features of species and subspecies are compared. A new species is described, Trinoton verakopskeae spec. nov. from Baikal teal, Nettion (Sibirionetta) formosum. Some more probably new subspecies or species are discussed.
A potential microbial control for fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium)

Des plants infectes d'epi lobe a feuilles etroites (Epilobium angustifolium) ont ete recoltes au Quebec et les organismes isoles de ces plants ont ete evalues comme agents potentiels de lutte biologique. Treize champignons pathogenes ont ete isoles et trois d'entre eux (Colletotrichum dematium, Seimatosporium kriegerianum et Alternaria alternata) ont ete virulents lors d'essais preliminaires de selection. Le plus virulent de ceux-ci, C. dematium, a cause d'importantes lesions sur les feuilles et les tiges des plantes infectees et a ete selectionne pour une etude plus approfondie. La production d'inoculum a ete optimale sur gelose a base d'extrait de malt modifie, et la virulence a ete augmentee par l'enlevement de la matrice des conidies a l'aide d'acide tannique et par l'addition d'extraits d'Aloe saponaria. La champignon a ete pathogene pour l'epilobe a feuilles etroites et l'E. lanceolatum, alors que les autres especes evaluees ont ete resistantes ou immunisees. Les dimensions des conidies et des appressoria et le nombre restreint de plantes-hotes supportent l'hypothese que cet isolât pourrait etre une forme-espece non repertoriee. L'application d'une formulation de conidies âgees de 10 a 15 j, a une concentration de 109 conidies m-2 et apres une periode de rosee de 18 a 24 h, a cause la mortalite de 100% des rosettes d'epilobe a feuilles etroites âgees de 7 semaines dans les 48 h suivant l'application. La virulence a ete reduite chez les plantes plus âgees. Dans l'essai au champ, la croissance des rosettes infectees a diminue de 33%. Ces resultats demontrent le potentiel de C. dematium comme agent de lutte biologique en sylviculture contre les plantules d'epilobe a feuilles etroites.
Effects of hardening and freezing stress on membrane lipids and CO2 fixation of Ceratodon purpureus protonemata

Membrane lipids and steady-state CO2 fixation rates were studied in moss protonemata in order to evaluate separately the effects of growth temperature, freezing stress and the achievement of frost hardiness. Protonemata of Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid, were grown at 20 and 4°C and parts of both materials were then hardened. The low growth temperature increased the content and unsaturation level of membrane lipids significantly. This did not, however, cause a noticeable increase in the frost hardiness. Nor was the achievement of frost hardiness in this material accompanied by further changes in the amount or unsaturtion level of any membrane lipid class. Cytoplasmic membranes were abundant in both unhardened and hardened materials grown at 4°C, which agreed with the high phospholipid content of these protonemata. The only significant difference in membrane lipids between unhardened and hardened materials was a 50% lower level of trans 16:1 fatty acid in the phosphatidylglycerol fraction of hardened protonemata. In hardened protonemata monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) was the membrane lipid most liable to decrease during the freeze-thaw cycle. The loss of MGDG was accompanied by partial inhibition of CO2 fixation. Provided the content of phospholipids remained unchanged (freeze-thaw cycle with – 10°C in hardened protonemata), this inhibition was mostly reversible. If loss of the phospholipids also had occurred during the freeze-thaw cycle, as was the case in unhardened material at or below -10°C, CO2 fixation was severely and nearly irreversibly inhibited after thawing.
The Successful Adoption of IS in the Tourism Public Sector: The Mediating Effect of Employees’ Trust

There have been many attempts to understand the role of trust in the success of Information Systems (IS), but they have mainly studied users’ trust in IS themselves in online contexts, with little attention being paid to other possible trust types and organizational IS contexts. Also, there is a dearth of research on the topic in relation to tourism context and developing countries in general. This study examines the mediating role of three types of trust (management-based, provider-based, and system-based trust) in the relationship between tourism IS qualities (system, information, and service quality) with employees’ satisfaction and the intention to and actual use of a system. Perceptions were tested with data from 200 employees in the public sector of the Egyptian tourism industry using structural equation modeling. The results revealed that trust directly affects intention to use/use and user satisfaction, and it completely mediates the effect of the IS qualities on the intention to use/use and user satisfaction. This study draws attention to the requirement of investigating different types of trust to better understand its impact on tourism IS adaptation in developing countries.
Biomimetic Coatings Obtained by Combinatorial Laser Technologies

The modification of implant devices with biocompatible coatings has become necessary as a consequence of premature loosening of prosthesis. This is caused mainly by chronic inflammation or allergies that are triggered by implant wear, production of abrasion particles, and/or release of metallic ions from the implantable device surface. Specific to the implant tissue destination, it could require coatings with specific features in order to provide optimal osseointegration. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) became a well-known physical vapor deposition technology that has been successfully applied to a large variety of biocompatible inorganic coatings for biomedical prosthetic applications. Matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) is a PLD-derived technology used for depositions of thin organic material coatings. In an attempt to surpass solvent related difficulties, when different solvents are used for blending various organic materials, combinatorial MAPLE was proposed to grow thin hybrid coatings, assembled in a gradient of composition. We review herein the evolution of the laser technological process and capabilities of growing thin bio-coatings with emphasis on blended or multilayered biomimetic combinations. These can be used either as implant surfaces with enhanced bioactivity for accelerating orthopedic integration and tissue regeneration or combinatorial bio-platforms for cancer research.
Root system development and architecture in various genotypes of the Solanaceae family

We present an extensive, dynamic, and quantitative study of the root system architecture of Solanaceae based on 29 genotypes from three important groups (aubergines, capsicums, and tomatoes). Quantitative traits were essentially obtained from measurements made on high resolution images of different plant parts at several stages. The developmental schema was common to all genotypes. Several traits showed significant genetic variations: root apical diameter (reflecting meristem size), interbranch distances, slopes of the regression lines of elongation rate versus apical diameter, and ratios of diameters of laterals to mother roots. On all genotypes, the initial root system was complemented by a strong adventitious system emerging near the plant collar, made up of a set of fast growing roots with large apical diameters. Correlations between traits were evidenced within the root systems on one hand (e.g., interbranch distance and diameter ratio of laterals to their mother) and between shoot and root on the ot.
Detecting Intrusions in Computer Network Traffic with Machine Learning Approaches

: Security has been a crucial factor in this modern digital period due to the rapid development of information technology, which is followed by serious computer crimes that, in turn, led to the emergence of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs). Various approaches such as single machine learning classifiers and Ensemble Classifiers couple with features selection methods have been proposed to improve the performance of IDS. In this regard, in the previous work, we have used the NSL-KDD IDS dataset, Gain Ratio Feature Evaluator (GRFE), and Correlation Ranking Filter (CRF) feature selection methods coupled with various machine-learning techniques to detect intrusions in computer network traffic. While the experiment has demonstrated that GRFE selects the most relevant feature subsects over CRF, which results in different performance, the previous work can be extended as follows. First, the most relevant feature subset generated by GRFE in the previous work is employed to assess and compare the performance of a single machine learning technique (Lazy IBK, aka K-Nearest Neighbor) over an ensemble technique (Random Committee) while detecting intrusions in a computer network. Second, two distinct datasets (NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15) are employed for better performance analysis. Third, limitations encountered in the domain of network intrusion detection are also discussed. The results reveal that the ensemble technique performs well over a single machine learning technique with a misclassification gap of 0.969% and 1.19% (obtained using NSL-KDD dataset) and 1.62% and 1.576% (obtained using UNSW-NB15 dataset).
Perceptions of the social worker role in adult community mental health teams in England

There is a growing recognition of the importance of the social work contribution within community mental health services. However, although many texts describe what the mental health social work contribution should be, little empirical evidence exists about their role in practice and the difference it might make to service users. This qualitative study sought to articulate this contribution through the voices of social workers and their multidisciplinary colleagues via focus group discussions across four English Mental Health Trusts. These considered the impact of the social worker on the service user. Thematic analysis resulted in the identification of three over-arching themes: social workers own perceptions of their contribution situated within the social model; the high value their colleagues placed on social work support and leadership in a range of situations and the concerns for service users if social workers were withdrawn from teams. Key findings were that social workers are the only professional group to lead on the social model; that this model enhances the whole teams’ practice and is required if service users are to be offered support that promotes long-term recovery and that without social workers, the community mental health team offer would be more transactional, less timely, with the potential for the loss of the service users’ voice. If social work is to make a full contribution to community mental health team practice, it must be clearly understood and provided with the support to enable social workers to operate to their full potential.
Population genetics and social organization of the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) in the Azores inferred by microsatellite analyses

In the northeast Atlantic Ocean, the archipelago of the Azores is frequented by female–offspring groups of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus L., 1758), as well as large males. The Azores apparently constitute both a feeding ground and a reproduction site. Little is known about the population and group structure of sperm whales in the area. We analysed 151 sloughed skin and biopsy samples collected from 2002 to 2004. Molecular analyses involved genetic tagging using 11 microsatellite loci and molecular sexing. Our objectives were to determine the population genetic structure, compare relatedness within and between social groups, infer kinship, and estimate the age of males at dispersal. Results suggest that individuals visiting the archipelago of the Azores belong to a single population. High genetic diversity and absence of inbreeding suggest that the population is recovering from whaling. Individuals sampled in close association are highly related, as well as those observed in the same area on the same day, suggesting that secondary social groups (i.e., the union of primary social units) are largely but not exclusively composed of relatives. Probable mother–offspring and full-sibling pairs were identified. Age of males at dispersal was estimated at 16.6 years, which was well above previous estimates for this species.
Variation of distal genitalia in the simultaneously hermaphroditic land snail Arianta arbustorum (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) caused by sexual selection?

The most likely explanation for genitalic extravagance may be sexual selection acting either before, during, or after copulation. In promiscuous species, the intensity of postmating sexual selection may be a function of population density. In this study we examined the variability of the distal genitalia involved in spermatophore production, reception and manipulation of 113 adult individuals of the simultaneously hermaphroditic land snail Arianta arbustorum (L.) from six natural populations in the Eastern Alps (Gesause, Austria). We investigated the hypothesis that these genitalia increase in relation to shell size with increasing population density (range: 0.9 to 39.8 individuals/m2) and expected a higher variance of the genitalia compared to shell dimensions due to sexual selection. Genitalic size was unexpectedly inversely related to population density, probably due to increased inhibitory effects of snail mucus. Patterns of variation of female and male characters did not differ. Coefficients of variation of the genitalia were significantly higher than those of the shell dimensions as predicted. This was due to a higher dispersion around the regression lines rather than higher allometric values. However, the influence of sexual selection on genitalic size and variance cannot be unambiguously determined. We discuss different scenarios emphasizing the importance of sexual selection to differing degrees and conclude that sexual selection has probably played only a minor role.
β‐chemokines inhibit activation‐induced death of lymphocytes from HIV‐infected individuals

The present study investigates the role of the HIV‐suppressive β‐chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1α, MIP‐1β and RANTES in activation‐induced cell death (AICD). A pool of these β‐chemokines reduced anti‐CD3‐induced apoptosis of T cell blasts from healthy blood donors in a dose‐dependent manner. Although the pooled β‐chemokines were more effective, the inhibitory effect could also be mediated by each of the individual chemokines and was blocked by neutralizing anti‐chemokine antibodies. The β‐chemokines also inhibited pokeweed mitogen/staphylococcal enterotoxin B‐induced T lymphocyte apoptosis in 33/49 HIV‐infected (HIV+) individuals. This anti‐apoptotic effect was not correlated with the patients' CD4 T cell counts. β‐chemokines did not lead to altered secretion of IL‐2, IL‐4, IFN‐γ or IL‐10 in response to activation stimuli in either normal T cell blasts or peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV+ individuals. Co‐incubation with β‐chemokines did not inhibit anti‐CD3‐induced expression of cell surface Fas ligand, nor did it alter levels of the death receptor Fas or Bcl‐2 in T cell blasts, suggesting that the β‐chemokines are blocking AICD downstream of Fas. These observations indicate that β‐chemokines may play a novel role as modulators of AICD, in addition to their known role as chemoattractants and inhibitors of HIV replication.
Assessing paraglacial processes at Nexpayantla Gorge (Popocatépetl volcano, Central Mexico) using OSL and 14C

We evaluate the paraglacial activity in Nexpayantla, a subtropical mountainous gorge in Popocatépetl volcano (Central Mexico), fully deglaciated in the 20th century. Glacial advances are evidenced by the presence of moraines. Fluvio‐glacial terraces and an alluvial megafan resulted from the gorge deglaciation. Current reworking of the glacigenic material is done by landslides and debris flows produced on the moraines and terraces. To study the different phases of mobilization of glacigenic sediment, we used an approach based on the study of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals obtained from a portable OSL (POSL) reader in samples extracted from both glacigenic and paraglacial deposits. The luminescence (POSL) results obtained at moraines increase as altitude decreases, which is expected for deglaciated valleys where the oldest moraines are located at lower elevations. We evaluate the grade of luminescence signal reset of the glacigenic sediments during the proglacial stage, and the subsequent deglaciation phases. Our results indicate that there is a marked transition between glacial and fluvially dominated processes at Nexpayantla Gorge. We find that the grade of luminescence signal resetting in the paraglacial deposits is a good indicator to trace paraglacial stages and the beginning of exhaustion of the paraglacial activity in mountain areas. OSL ages confirm that the oldest fluvio‐glacial terraces found at the middle sector of Nexpayantla Gorge are ~2 ka, which is also supported by an AMS 14C age. OSL dating was found challenging, since quartz grains have low sensitivity because of their volcanic origin; POSL signals, however, are in good agreement with the location and distribution of geomorphic markers. We propose that luminescence data obtained from the POSL unit can be useful to provide information about sediment mobilization in paraglacial environments during different climatic pulses – even for the case where mineral grains have low sensitivity, such as in volcanic sediments. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of techniques to recover stomach contents from penguins

A 20-ml syringe was extended, using a PVC tube attachment of diameter 4 mm internal, 5.5 mm external, rounded at the distal end and inserted 30 cm into the oesophagus and stomach of adult little penguins (Eudyptula minor). Ipecacuanha (6 ml concentrate in 20 ml solution) produced emesis in 21 min on average. Birds with stomach ulcers, or malnourished, occasionally died, so those under 850 g should not be given ipecacuanha. Copper sulphate 1% (0.06M), 20 ml, produced emesis in 8 min. Either of those 2 emetics was suitable for obtaining the stomach contents and there was no need to kill the birds. Treated birds were marked, and not treated again if recaptured. Potassium antimony tartrate had too little margin between the effective and the lethal dose, and there was no response to injections of apomorphine 0.05 mg/kg body mass. Stomach pumps were unsatisfactory and flushing the stomach with water was inconvenient.