Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disinformation as Political Communication

ABSTRACT This introduction to the special issue “Beyond Fake News: The Politics of Disinformation” contains four main sections. In the first, we discuss the major sociopolitical factors that have allowed disinformation to flourish in recent years. Second, we review the very short history of disinformation research, devoting particular attention to two of its more extensively studied conceptual relatives: propaganda and misinformation. Third, we preview the seven articles in this issue, which we divide into two types: studies of disinformation content and of disinformation reception. We conclude by advancing a few suggestions for future disinformation research.
Welcoming back my arm: affective touch increases body ownership following right-hemisphere stroke

Right hemisphere stroke can impair the ability to recognise one’s contralesional body parts as belonging to one’s self. The study of this so-called ‘disturbed sense of limb ownership’ (DSO) can provide unique insights into the neurocognitive mechanisms of body ownership. Here, we address a hypothesis built upon experimental studies on body ownership in healthy volunteers. These studies have shown that affective (pleasant) touch, an interoceptive modality associated with unmyelinated, slow-conducting C tactile afferents, has a unique role in the sense of body ownership. Here we systematically investigated whether affective touch stimulation could increase body ownership in patients with DSO following right hemisphere stroke. An initial feasibility study in 16 adult, acute stroke patients enabled us to optimise and calibrate an affective touch protocol to be administered by the bedside. The main experiment, conducted with a different sample of 26 right hemisphere patients, assessed changes in limb ownership elicited following self-(patient) versus other-(experimenter) generated tactile stimulation, using a velocity known to optimally activate C-tactile fibres (i.e. 3cm/s), and a second velocity that is suboptimal for C-tactile activation (i.e. 18cm/s). We further examined the specificity and mechanism of observed changes in limb ownership in secondary analyses looking at (1) the influence of perceived intensity and pleasantness of touch, (2) touch laterality, and (3) level of DSO on ownership change, as well as (4) changes in unilateral neglect arising from touch. Findings indicated a significant increase in limb ownership following experimenter-administered, CT-optimal touch. Voxel-based Lesion-Symptom Mapping (VLSM) identified damage to the right insula and, more substantially, the right corpus callosum, associated with a failure to increase body ownership following experimenter-administered, affective touch. Our findings suggest that affective touch can increase the sense of body-part ownership following right hemisphere stroke, potentially due to its unique role in the multisensory integration processes that underlie the sense of body ownership.
Explaining use of complementary and alternative medicine in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: a common-sense model approach

Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent chronic functional gastrointestinal condition. Conventional medical treatment can be unsuccessful and many of those affected use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for symptom relief, despite concerns over CAM treatment efficacy. An ‘extended’ common-sense model of illness representations (CSM) was used to examine psychological influences on CAM use. Methods: 653 participants with IBS completed an online survey which included the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R), the (general) Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), the Complementary and Alternative Medicines Beliefs Inventory (CAMBI) and questions regarding CAM use. Unrelated t-tests compared the illness and treatment perceptions of CAM-users to those not using CAM. A binary logistic regression analysis examined which factors predicted CAM use. Findings: 57% of participants reported using CAM to relieve IBS symptoms. CAM-users reported significantly stronger illness identity, illness consequences, medication harm beliefs and stronger emotional representations. CAM-users had more positive beliefs about CAM in terms of feelings towards natural treatments, client participation in treatment and beliefs in holistic treatments. Logistic regression analysis revealed 3-4 years (Odds ratio = 3.62) or over 5 years (3.19) since diagnosis, having A’ levels (1.89) or postgraduate qualifications (2.34), and stronger illness identity (1.10), consequences (1.07), cyclical timeline beliefs (1.08) and medication harm beliefs (1.10) predicted CAM use. Discussion: Findings suggest CAM use is influenced by certain illness and treatment perceptions. Health psychology interventions which address these components may have potential to improve IBS symptom management and support patient’s informed decision making regarding treatment.
Closed-Form Solution for Elliptic Localization in Distributed MIMO Radar Systems With Minimum Number of Sensors

In this article, the problem of 3-D target localization from bistatic range measurements in multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radars with distributed antennas is considered. A closed-form two-stage weighted least squares solution is developed, which is able to uniquely determine the target position with a smaller number of sensors (transmitters or receivers) compared to the other existing closed-form methods. The proposed method employs several weighted least-squares minimizations and does not require any initial solution guesses to give the target position estimate. A detailed theoretical performance analysis associated with the method as well as the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) are provided. The proposed estimator is shown theoretically to achieve the CRLB accuracy under small Gaussian noise. Computer simulations are included to corroborate the theoretical development and to compare the estimator performance with several previous approaches. The proposed algorithm in the considered example is shown to outperform the existing closed-form estimators. In the 3-D and in the case of a minimum number of sensors (i.e., two transmitters and two receivers) in a MIMO radar, the proposed method is also shown to be able to localize a target with high accuracy while the previous closed-form methods cannot uniquely determine the target position.
Influence regularity of O
 2
 on dielectric and decomposition properties of C
 4
 F
 7
 N–CO
 2
 –O
 2
 gas mixture for medium‐voltage equipment

Fluorinated nitrile (C 4 F 7 N) gas mixture has been introduced as the most promising candidate to replace sulfur hexafluoride using in gas-insulated equipment. In this study, the authors explored the influence of oxygen on the dielectric and decomposition properties of C 4 F 7 N–CO 2 –O 2 gas mixture. The authors found that the dielectric strength of the C 4 F 7 N–CO 2 –O 2 gas mixture with 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% O 2 was increased by 4.85%, 6.49%, 7.70%, 3.21% and 2.74% compared with C 4 F 7 N–CO 2 . The addition of 2–6% O 2 to the C 4 F 7 N–CO 2 gas mixture could effectively reduce the content of most of the decomposition by-products such as CF 4 , CO, C 2 F 6 , C 3 F 6 , C 3 F 8 , CF 3 CN, C 2 F 5 CN, (CN) 2 . While high content of oxygen (>6%) results in higher decomposition of C 4 F 7 N, which has a negative effect on the stability of C 4 F 7 N gas mixture. Generally, it is recommended to add 2–6% O 2 in the C 4 F 7 N–CO 2 gas mixture to improve its insulation properties as well as inhibit the decomposition of C 4 F 7 N in the discharge for medium-voltage engineering application.
Savings and the informal sector

ABSTRACT In many countries the informal sector is a vital source of employment and income. But little is known about the impact of this sector on savings, which are crucial in promoting investment and growth. This paper finds an inverse relationship between savings rates and the informal sector when the informal sector is small. Once the informal sector reaches a certain size, further growth in the size of the informal sector boosts savings rates. The non-linear relationship is confirmed in both parametric and semi-parametric estimations. Rather than allowing the informal sector to grow unchecked, policy should focus on removing barriers for successful operation of business in the formal sector.
Decorative Elements of Traditional Malay House: Comparative Study of Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP) and Rumah Limas Johor (RLJ)

In traditional Malay architecture, decorative elements are defined as non-structural elements and as “additional member” of the building that contributes to aesthetic and functional aspects of the architecture. Its ornamentation, form and pattern particularly in woodcarving and bamboo weaving reflect the uniqueness of local craftsmanship and the master carvers. There are at least 16 (sixteen) decorative elements of the traditional Malay house that have been identified by previous researcher. Architecturally in Malaysia traditional houses were categorised based on roof design, spatial organization and geographical setting which finally this categorization was named after the states. Each traditional house is in the state of Malaysia signifying particular style and architectural characteristics of that particular state. This article discusses the study of those decorative elements on the traditional Malay houses in the state of Perak known as Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP) and traditional house from the state of Johor known as Rumah Limas Johor (RLJ). With the objective is to investigate the type, terms and characteristics of decorative elements site observations were done on selected twenty-five (25) of RLBP houses and another twenty-five (25) of RLJ houses. The analysis on visual data and verbal data were carried out to established architectural terminology and typology based on form and style of every decorative element. The study found that nine (9) decorative elements come to be the major characteristics of RLBP whilst seven (7) for RLJ; some with different name, form and style from other states. These similarity and dissimilarity contribute to the extension of the aesthetical theory and philosophy of the Malay traditional house in Malaysia.
Neurobehavioral Correlates of How Time-on-task and Sleep Deprivation Modulate Deployment of Cognitive Effort

Sustaining attention is highly demanding and can falter if there is a shift in willingness to exert effort. Motivated attentional performance and effort preference were tracked in relation to increasing time-on-task (Experiment 1) and sleep deprivation (Experiment 2). Performance decrement with time-on-task was attenuated with reward, while preference to deploy effort decreased with longer task duration. Sleep deprivation, accentuated performance decline with time-on-task, and was accompanied by greater effort-discounting. Motivated attention performance was associated with higher fronto-parietal activation, in both normal and sleep deprived conditions. However, after sleep deprivation modulation of activation by reward was reduced in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left anterior insula (aIns). Together, these results depict how motivational decline affects performance when one gets tired after sustained task performance and/or sleep deprivation.
Corporate tax avoidance and cost of equity capital: international evidence

ABSTRACT This study examines the association between firm’s tax avoidance activities and cost of equity capital across 17 countries. Consistent with the prior study based on the U.S. evidence, within strong investor protection countries, the extent of firm’s tax avoidance is negatively associated with its cost of equity capital. This result indicates that strong investor protection induces investors to perceive firm’s tax avoidance activities as the results of efficient tax planning to reduce tax liabilities. To the contrary, we find that the extent of firm’s tax avoidance is positively associated with its cost of equity capital within weak investor protection countries. This result suggests that investors impose equity risk premium on firm’s tax avoidance activities in weak investor protection countries, where agency conflicts prevail more on firm’s tax avoidance activities. As the first international study on the association between firm’s tax avoidance activities and its cost of equity capital, this study contributes to the literature by suggesting that such an association may vary across countries depending on the strength of investor protection within each country of domicile.
Transgenerational entrepreneurship in entrepreneurial families: what is explicitly learned and what is successfully transferred?

ABSTRACT Research has suggested that the interaction between older and younger generation family members plays a pivotal role in the development of the younger generation’s entrepreneurial practices. Little is known, however, what the older generation transfers to younger generation family members and what is explicitly applied by the younger generation in new entrepreneurial settings. Drawing on multiple case studies with Chinese business families, we identify the elements of knowledge that are passed between the two generations to include moral values, competence values, and cognitive heuristics. Moreover, we show that values rather than heuristics are further transferred in new entrepreneurial settings.
Vegetation trajectories of restored agricultural wetlands following sediment removal

Recognition of wetland ecosystem services has led to substantial investment in wetland restoration in recent decades. Wetland restorations can be designed to meet numerous goals, among which reestablishing a diverse native wetland plant community is a common aim. In agricultural areas, where previously drained wetland basins can fill with eroded sediment from the surrounding landscape, restoration often includes excavation to expose buried seed banks. The extent to which excavation improves the diversity of wetland plant communities is unclear, particularly in terms of longer‐term outcomes. We examined plant species diversity and community composition in 24 restored agricultural wetlands across west‐central Minnesota, U.S.A. In all study wetlands, hydrology was restored by removing subsurface drainage and plugging drainage ditches, thus reestablishing groundwater connectivity and hydroperiod (“business as usual” treatment). In half of the wetlands, accumulated sediment was removed from the basin and redeposited on the surrounding landscape (“excavated” treatment). Initially, sediment removal significantly decreased invasive species cover, particularly of hybrid cattail (Typha × glauca) and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), and increased community diversity and evenness. Over time, the effects of sediment removal diminished, and eventually disappeared by approximately 6 years after restoration. While our results demonstrate that sediment removal improves initial restoration outcomes for plant communities, longer‐term benefits require sustained management, such as invasive species control or resetting of basins through additional excavation.
Improving heat stress tolerance in late planted spring maize by using different exogenous elicitors

Recent global warming has increased the risk of heat stress which may adversely affect crop productivity worldwide. Higher temperature during reproductive stage is one of major constraint that adversely affects grain filling and seed setting in spring maize (Zea mays L.) The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of different elicitors (salicylic acid, CaCl2, Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract) to improve yield performance of heat stressed spring maize. Seed priming techniques (hydropriming, osmopriming, organic priming and hormonal priming) were used to investigate the impact of exogenous elicitors on physiological, biochemical and yield-related attributes of late planted spring maize. Results revealed that higher temperature at maturity caused membrane leakage, reduced photosynthetic pigments and net assimilation rate which ultimately led to decreased grain yield. However, exogenous elicitors improved emergence characteristics and triggered early seedling development, and exhibited significantly higher seedling chlorophyll contents than control plants. Among elicitors, salicylic acid (SA) exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic pigment (17%), membrane stability index (26%), relative water content (16%), crop growth rate (13%), net assimilation rate (29%), grain yield (27%), biological yield (14%), harvest index (9%) and grain protein (28%) as compared to control in late planted spring maize. The multivariate analysis also indicate that physio-biochemical traits were more pronounced in hormonal priming with SA as compared to other exogenous elicitors. In conclusion, application of exogenous elicitors like SA is most effective and easy approach that may help to improve crop performance with increased grain yield and quality in late planted spring maize that prone to high temperature.
High-Current Perovskite Oxide BaTiO3/BaSnO3 Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors

High-current molecular beam epitaxial perovskite oxide semiconductor BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/BaSnO<sub>3</sub> heterostructure field effect transistors on SrTiO<sub>3</sub> substrates were developed. Record high current density of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{I}_{{\mathrm{max}}} =406.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mA/mm, maximum transconductance <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{g}_{{{\text {m}}}} =72.3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mS/mm were achieved in a field effect transistor with gate length <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{L}_{{{\text {g}}}} = 0.64\,\,\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and source-drain spacing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{L}_{{{\text {sd}}}} = 3.5\,\,\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The device has a low threshold voltage of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{V}_{{{\text {th}}}}= - 4.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V and the capability to modulate <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5.7\times 10^{{{{13}}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{{-{2}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> electron density in the BaSnO<sub>3</sub> channel. The high channel current and gate modulation efficiency are attributed to the high mobility and charge density in the BaSnO<sub>3</sub> channel and the utilization of high-k BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon $ </tex-math></inline-formula> is in the range of 425 and 387 as the electric field increases from 46 to 85 kV/cm) layer as the gate dielectric for charge modulation. Though the device suffers from low current ON/OFF ratio and a large subthreshold swing due to the gate leakage resulted from threading dislocations, this work demonstrates the great potential of perovskite semiconductors for electronic device applications.
Invariant manifold of variable stability in the Koper model

The Koper model is a vector field that was developed to study electrochemical oscillations arising in diffusion processes. In the framework of this paper, we consider the Koper model of chemical reactors. It is a three-dimensional autonomous slow-fast system with a folded node and a supercritical singular Hopf bifurcation. The aim is to construct the expansion of invariant manifold with variable stability and corresponding gluing function using the flow curvature method. We show that Koper model has sufficiently smooth invariant surface, called black swan. Computer simulation and computer algebra methods are used for the quantitative analysis of the model.
The 'My Family-Study' onset substance use prevention programme in early childhood: an introduction

Prevalence rate of substance abuse is increasing in Iran (1) and there is a decrease in the age the onset of substance use (2). Therefore, it seems necessary to preventing substance abuse since early childhood. Since family play an essential role in development and growth of children among genetics, temperament and environment factors (3, 4), and studies have shown family can protect children against substance abuse behaviors (5-7), and family has been known as one of the most important preventive factors (8, 9),
Demonstration of a Novel Framework for Proactive Maintenance Using Failure Prediction and Bit Lossless Protection With Autonomous Network Diagnosis System

We propose a novel framework for proactive maintenance that realizes disruption-free networks with low latency and reliability. The proactive replacement of failure-predicted network components is demonstrated based on diagnoses of optical fiber bend estimates and bit lossless protection in optical transport networks. The proposed framework consists of autonomous diagnostics, protection switching, and maintenance tasks. The processes of autonomous diagnosis use the “CAT platform,” which is a technique for identifying faults through cycles of information “Collection”, “Analysis”, and “control and Testing” and includes a failure prediction technique without bit errors that can estimate the bend state of remote optical fiber. The protection switching process uses the bit lossless protection switching of the optical transport network (OTN) layer based on 1+1 protection. For the proactive maintenance frameworks, we evaluate the change in relative latency between working and protection routes on 1+1 protection and count the bit losses between detection of failure prediction, protection switching, replacement of faulty components, and restoration switching. Using our proposed framework, it is possible to systematically replace failure-predicted components without any bit loss, which will eliminate service disruption and greatly reduce the operation expenditure (OPEX).
Digital transformation and the new logics of business process management

ABSTRACT Business process management (BPM) research emphasises three important logics – modelling (process), infrastructural alignment (infrastructure) and procedural actor (agency) logics. These logics capture the dominant ways of thinking in BPM, reflected in its assumptions, practices and values. While the three logics have proven useful in prior contexts, we argue that the applicability of these underlying assumptions in theorising BPM needs to be re-examined in the context of digital transformation. Based on an ethnographic study of BPM in a company undergoing digital transformation, we uncover tensions related to applying these prior logics that point to the need to update the underlying assumptions. Consequently, we propose new logics that we conceptualise as light touch processes (process), infrastructural flexibility (infrastructure) and mindful actors (agency). Our observations contribute to a rethinking of the dominant BPM logics by unpacking their dynamics in the context of digital transformation. Our study further highlight salient differences between digital transformation and IT-enabled organisational transformation contexts. We conclude by proposing new managerial approaches for BPM in digital transformation contexts.