Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ambient noise levels and hearing screening outcomes: where technology meets clinical decision making

Abstract Purpose: The current study aimed to determine the mean ambient noise levels within a risk-based newborn hearing screening (NHS) programme. It further aimed to investigate the relationship between the ambient noise levels and the screening outcome. A descriptive, longitudinal, repeated measures, within-subjects design was employed. Three hundred and twenty-five neonates from two public sector hospitals were enrolled in an NHS programme. Methods: These neonates underwent an initial hearing screening in the wards, and were thereafter booked for a repeat hearing screening which was conducted in an outpatient clinic within the hospital setting. Screening included transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR). The maximum ambient noise levels were measured and recorded for each screening session. Data related to mean ambient noise levels were analysed using descriptive statistics. The independent samples t-test and the Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to determine the association between the ambient noise levels and screening outcomes. Results: Results indicated that the ambient sound levels were significantly higher for ears which referred, compared to ears which passed. Conclusion: Findings from the current study highlight the need for monitoring of ambient noise levels across all screening contexts, and consideration of the inclusion of sound level measurements when planning for hearing screening programmes, particularly for contexts where environmental adaptations may not be possible.
Evaluation of Tilapia Effluent with Ion Supplementation for Marine Shrimp Production in a Recirculating Aquaculture System

Reuse of fish effluent for the culture of marine shrimp, such as Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, could provide an opportunity for the US shrimp farming industry to ease constraints (e.g., environmental concerns and high production costs) that have limited them in the past. In this study under laboratory-scale conditions, the feasibility of culturing L. vannamei in effluents derived from a commercial facility raising tilapia in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), supplemented with various salt combinations, was compared to the shrimp's survival and growth in well water supplemented with 17.6 (control) and 0.6 (freshwater treatment) g/L synthetic sea salt. Three independent trials were conducted in RAS in which survival and growth in the control, the freshwater treatment, and two effluent treatments were compared. Water quality during this study was within safe levels and no differences (P < 0.05) between treatments were observed for dissolved oxygen, nitrite, pH, total ammonia nitrogen, and temperature. However, average nitrate and orthophosphate levels were consistently more than an order of magnitude greater in the effluent treatments compared to the control and the freshwater treatments. Survival and growth of shrimp over 6-wk periods did not vary significantly between the control and the freshwater treatments; however, shrimp tested in the tilapia effluents often exhibited significant effects (P < 0.05) depending on the salts added. In the low-salinity waters, correlations (P < 0.05) were observed between Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, K⁺, Na⁺ : K⁺ and Ca²⁺ : K⁺, and shrimp survival and growth. The results of this study revealed that L. vannamei can be raised in tilapia effluent when supplemented with synthetic sea salt (0.6 g/L), CaO (50 mg/L Ca²⁺), and MgSO₄ (30 mg/L Mg²⁺).
Approaches to Analyzing Experiments with Factorial Arrangements of Treatments Plus Other Treatments

Experiments with factorial ar range ments of treatments plus one or more other treatment(s) are sometimes analyzed with a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means are separated with a multiple comparison. A set of single degree-of-freedom contrasts in a one-way ANOVA, provides formal tests for main effects and interactions. Data from a 2 · 3 factorial experiment that also contained a control were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA with a multiple comparison. Results from this analysis were compared to results obtained from a two-way ANOVA, a one-way ANOVA with pre-planned contrasts, a two- way ANOVA with least squares means com par i sons ob tained with SAS/general linear models procedure, and a re gres sion model with an indicator variable and random blocks obtained with SAS/Mixed procedure. Results and in ter pre ta tion differed de pend ing on how the data were analyzed and these differences are discussed.
Herding cats:† modelling Quality of Service for Internet applications

The art and science of tele–traffic modelling is quite mature. On the other hand, Internet traffic seems to defy all attempts to capture its essence in simple models. This is not so surprising when we consider that the Internet consists of a large number of self–organizing systems, each evolved almost independently, which is quite a different way to construct a network than the ground-up design associated with telecommunications. IP routing, TCP congestion control, Relative Transport Protocol playout and loss adaption, Web caching and load balancing, and user behaviour are all involved in a system of massive complexity. In this paper, we survey some of these mechanisms and some of the attempts to bring this unruly bunch of schemes into a more coherent whole. We argue that these attempts are misguided, and that the strength of the Internet design is in the loose organization of these components. As the commercial investors turn their eyes on the Internet with a view to pricing, we argue that they should take extreme care not to propose mechanisms that kill the goose that lays the golden egg. See http://www-mash.cs. berkeley.edu/ns/ for details about the network simulator. National Laboratory for Applied Network Research at http://www.nlanr. net. VBNS Network Topology at http://www.vbns. net/logical.html.
In Vitro Susceptibility Of Tigecycline Among Acinetobacter Baumanii Clinical Isolates From a Hospital in Indonesia

Acinetobacter baumanii (A. baumanii) has arisen as the most important cause of nosocomial infection, typically in severely ill patients with many comorbidities and medical supportive devices. Tigecycline is a therapeutic option for treating this infection because of its potential ability against wide spectrum of bacterias, including multi-drug resistance A. baumannii (MDRAB). Our study determine the in vitro susceptibility of tigecycline against A. baumanii isolates and the emergence of MDRAB. The frequency of isolates that were not inhibited at MIC ≤ 0.5 µg/ml was 50.46%, at MIC = 1µg/ml was 2.38%, and at MIC = 2 µg/ml was 19.07%. The susceptibility rate of tigecycline against A. baumanii was 68.27% in 2015, 79.58% in 2016, and 67.87% in 2017. In vitro result demonstrated that tigecycline had good value of MIC against A. baumanii at the range of 0.5 to 2 µg/ml.
Regulation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit setting and earliness by gibberellic acid and 2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid application

The secretion of mucoid substances by Klebsiella pneumoniae , a natural 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) hyper-producer, hinders its application in large-scale fermentation because of pathogenicity, fermentation instability, and downstream difficulty. In this study, 14 K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from a waste water treatment plant and their 2,3-BD production efficiencies were assessed with the strain K. pneumoniae DSM2026. Among various strains isolated, K. pneumoniae GSC010 and GSC112 produced relatively large amounts of 2,3-BD compared to other isolates; and their 2,3-BD production was consistent with DSM2026. Meanwhile, mucoidic characteristics of GSC010 were more or less similar to DSM2026, which was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) as a characteristic intercalated thread anchored on the surface of the cells. However, no polysaccharide materials were found in a non-mucoid cell, GSC112. Fed-batch culture of GSC112 with continuous glucose feeding resulted in the production of 2,3-BD at 52.4 g/l with 2,3-BD yield and overall productivity of 0.27 g/g glucose and 0.52 g/l/h, respectively. These results strongly suggest that the newly isolated mucoid-free K. pneumoniae GSC112 has potential for industrial production of 2,3-BD. Keywords: 2,3-Butanediol, Klebsiella pneumoniae , isolation, capsular polysaccharides, scanning electron microscopy
Effect of Feeding Salicylic Acid on 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Formation in Cultured Cells of Catharanthus roseus

Catharanthus roseus cell cultures produce a high amount of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) and salicylic acid (SA) with a concomitant induction of isochorismate synthase (ICS, EC 5.4.99.6) after addition of a fungus Pythium aphanidermatum. To investigate whether 2,3-DHBA might be formed through an intermediacy of SA, the cells were fed with this compound. A significant increase of glycosidically bound 2,3-DHBA was obtained, although no effect on ICS was observed in the cells treated with SA. On the contrary, the addition of SA in combination with fungal elicitor led to a lower level of the total 2,3-DHBA found in the cells and the medium, but no influence on the induction of ICS activity. These results suggest SA is unlikely a direct precursor of 2,3-DHBA. However, it might have a regulatory role in the 2,3-DHBA biosynthetic pathway.
Impact of diagenesis on the spatial and temporal distribution of reservoir quality in the Jurassic Arab D and C members, offshore Abu Dhabi oilfield, United Arab Emirates

This study is based on petrographic examination (optical, scanning electron microscope, cathodo-luminescence, backscattered electron imaging, and fluorescence) of 1,350 thin sections as well as isotopic compositions of carbonates (172 carbon and oxygen and 118 strontium isotopes), microprobe analyses, and fluid inclusion microthermometry of cored Jurassic Arab D and C members from 16 wells in a field from offshore Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The formation was deposited in a ramp with barrier islands and distal slope setting. Petrographic, stable isotopic and fluid-inclusion analyses have unraveled the impact of diagenesis on reservoir quality of Arab D and C within the framework of depositional facies, sequence stratigraphy, and burial history. Diagenetic processes include cementation by grain rim cement and syntaxial calcite overgrowths, formation of moldic porosity by dissolution of allochems, dolomitization and dolomite cementation, cementation by gypsum and anhydrite, and stylolitization. Partial eogenetic calcite and dolomite cementation has prevented porosity loss in grainstones during burial diagenesis. Dolomitization and sulphate cementation of peritidal mud are suggested to have occurred in an evaporative sabkha setting, whereas dolomitization of subtidal packstones and grainstones was driven by seepage reflux of lagoon brines formed during major falls in relative sea level. Recrystallization of dolomite occurred by hot saline waters (Th 85–100°C; and salinity 14–18 wt% NaCl). Anhydrite and gypsum cements (Th 95–105°C; fluid salinity 16–20 wt% NaCl), were subjected to extensive dissolution, presumably caused by thermal sulfate reduction followed by a major phase of oil emplacement. The last cement recorded was a second phase of anhydrite and gypsum (Th 95–120°C; 16–22 wt% NaCl), which fills fractures associated with faults.
Assessment of a Microbicide Candidate among a Diverse Cohort of Urban Southern US Women and their Male Sexual Partners.

Background: This mixed methods study reports on product acceptance from a Phase I clinical trial of a candidate non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) vaginal microbicide product (UC781). The product was evaluated in the context of a Phase I clinical trial in an area characterized by high HIV prevalence among minority women. The findings will inform the development of an acceptable microbicide that will address the needs of diverse women and their partners. Methods: This is a mixed methods study of 34 racially and ethnically diverse female participants and 10 male partners in Atlanta, Georgia. Chi-square tests for marginal homogeneity and kappa statistics were calculated to analyze differences between groups on product attributes and use intention. ANOVA was used to examine difference between the treatment groups. Qualitative data were analyzed via constant comparative methodology. Results: Thirty-four out of the original female cohort of 36 completed the questionnaire. Approval of future microbicide development was high at 91.2% (n=31) despite a lack of enthusiasm for the placebo and UC781 formulations. Overall female acceptability was correlated with personal protection motivation (r=1.00, p<0.001). African American women indicated greater likelihood of post-licensure microbicide use (χ2 (3)=7.9, p=0.048) and ascribed greater importance to its potential protection against HIV (χ2 (4)=18.7, p=0.001) and its potential for dual protection (protective against STIs and/or pregnancy) compared to white women (χ2 (4)=11.3, p=0.024). Men and women supported development in the form of an intravaginal ring or suppository. Men were more likely to encourage female adoption of the method if it afforded HIV protection (r=0.935, p=0.001). Conclusions: Although most women agreed that the development of a microbicide was an important endeavor, quantitative and qualitative data indicated they would not use placebo or UC781 due to the objectionable viscosity, odor, and color. Male partners felt the potential protective benefit of a future microbicide product was its most important feature.
Leaf traits, litter decomposability and forest floor dynamics in an evergreen- and a deciduous-broadleaved forest in warm temperate Japan

Thereisaconsistentrelationshipbetweenthelitterquality,litterdecayratesinlitterbagsandforestfloordynamics ofconiferousforestsanddeciduousbroadleavedforests(DBFs)inboreal-to-cooltemperateregions.Weexamined whether there was a similar relationship between an evergreen broadleaved forest (EBF) and a DBF in warm temperateJapan.Theleaftoughnessandleafmassperleafareawassignificantlyhigher,andinitialdecomposability, intermsofmasslossrateandCO2emissionrate,ofthelitterinlitterbagswassignificantlylowerforQuercusacuta, anevergreenoakthatisdominantinEBFthanforCarpinuslaxiflora,PrunusyamasakuraandQuercusserrata,three deciduous species that are co-dominant in DBF, respectively. Nevertheless, the CO2 emission rate of the A0-layer tended to be higher in EBF than in DBF, and litter turnover rate did not differ between them. The discrepancy between the initial litter decomposability and the forest floor dynamics across the two functional types was ascribed to activities of microorganisms and surface-living earthworms that were affected by the water content of the A0-layer. We concluded that due to the crucial effect of moisture on decomposition, the powerof substrate quality for predicting forest floor dynamics in EBFand DBFwas smaller than that in coniferous forests and DBFs in boreal-to-cool temperate regions where temperature is a major factor controlling decomposition.
cDNA Clone of unknown tags from SAGE library on human spermatozoa

With the gene expression technology (Serial analysis of gene expression, SAGE) a group of mRNA with variety functions were found in human ejaculate spermatozoa, and 54 unknown SAGE tags were found in this SAGE library. For clarifying these genes represented by these unknown tags, we have designed 8 pairs of tag-specific primers based on these unknown tags sequences. 8 cDNA fragments corresponding to unknown tags were successfully cloned, sequenced and homologous analysis in NCBI. The result showed the 7 cDNA fragments were identified with known genes, but one was unmatched. The function of these gens suggests that they might be selectively retained in mature spermatozoa for providing energy.
Seasonal Cycling of Fe and S in a Constructed Wetland: The Role of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria

The role of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the cycling of Fe and S was studied in a young constructed wetland located in Kanata, Ontario, Canada. The wetland is a surface-flow system composed of three consecutive cells. Sediments and water samples were collected over the course of 1 year within each cell. Sediments were analyzed for the presence of SRB (using a lactate-rich medium), whereas surface and porewaters were analyzed for their concentrations of dissolved Fe and sulfate and for pH, Eh, and dissolved organic carbon. Lactate-using SRB were present at all three sites within the wetland, and the populations were largest (1010 colony-forming units per gram of sediment) during the cold winter months, where the temperature of the water was 1°C. The presence of high-SRB populations also corresponded to highly anoxic conditions within the sediments and to a decrease of sulfate concentrations, suggesting that cold temperature did not affect the activity of SRB. Our results indicate that Fe and S cyclin.
Analysis of Text Information of Sharing Economy Based on the Information Mining of News Information Data

The rapid development of sharing economy has drawn the attention of all sectors of society. The academic circle has conducted in-depth study on sharing economy from theory to individual cases. However, there are rarely scholars developing discussions on the understanding of the household sector, the important participant of sharing economy. Accordingly, this paper uses the reports about sharing economy in the internet information to conduct public opinion analysis and following conclusions are obtained through the analysis of topic model of this paper (LDA) and social network: (1) the reports from internet information about sharing economy are basically consistent with the studies of academic circles; however, there are certain cognitive confusions in the public about whether it is sharing economy or sharing conducts; (2) the rapid development of sharing economy poses challenges to the system arrangement; thereinto, the issues of social credit and safety are the main topics that the public focus on; (3) the connotation and development mechanism of sharing economy can be explored through the public opinion analysis based on internet information in an effective mode and it is hopeful to introduce the studies on sharing economy and explore the laws of economics that have not been found out. Keywords—sharing economy; natural language processing; topic model; public opinions
Everything is connected: An Interpretive study of local economic development in South Africa.

Tourism in South Africa has emerged as a popular poverty reduction strategy. Nevertheless, benefit of the sector to previously disadvantaged communities remains highly contested. In efforts to increase equitable economic impacts of tourism, the Eastern Cape local government introduced a Local Economic Development (LED) women township tourism home-stay pilot project under the aegis of the national Black Economic Empowerment legislation. The thesis identifies factors defined by the institutional frameworks and analyses how they are hindering the realization of women-led entrepreneurial economic empowerment through township tourism home-stays. A critical pedagogic approach is juxtaposed with the concept of conscientisation to provide insights on how historical experiences and events of South Africa continue to impact the development consciousness of previously disadvantaged communities. The thesis discusses the classic structure of government-led conceptual frameworks which fund top-down projects and reveals an oversight: how formal and informal institutional arrangements of LED impact the women assuming ownership of the project. This illuminates the role of culture as a natural resource in tourism and the consequences of cultural misconceptions for sustainable tourism development. The predominantly qualitative methodology challenges the reader to think beyond the traditional notion of tourism and stresses that everyday life cannot be separated either from tourism operators (hosts), tourists (guests) or from the researcher who acts as a culturally situated story-teller.
NEOTYPES FOR PALEOCENE SPECIES IN THE MOMIPITES–CARYAPOLLENITES POLLEN LINEAGE

Abstract Neotypes are designated herein for certain Paleocene species of juglandaceous pollen that were originally described in 1978. The microscope slides bearing the holotypes have been lost, eliminating the possibility of designating lectotypes and necessitating, instead, the designation of neotype specimens to stabilize the nomenclature of the species, which are biostratigraphically significant. The species for which neotypes are designated are Momipites wyomingensis, Momipites waltmanensis, Momipites ventifluminis, Momipites actinus, Momipites anellus, Momipites leffingwellii, Caryapollenites prodromus, Caryapollenites imparalis, Caryapollenites inelegans, and Caryapollenites wodehousei.
Fixed Sample Size as an Internal Control

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of internal control on two existing Community Banks in Tulungagung. According to Bank Indonesia rank, Tulungagung occupies the 1st position of the highest NPL in 2016. The effectiveness analysis of internal control is performed on the second Community Bank crediting system that includes qualitative and quantitative aspects analysis. Qualitative aspect analysis is based on Audit Standard applicable in Indonesia (AS) Section 319 Consideration of Internal Control in Audit of Financial Statements paragraph 07. Quantitative aspect analysis using Fixed Sample Size with a 95% confidence level and fault tolerance / DUPL (Desired Upper Precision Limit) = 5%. The result of the qualitative aspect shows the internal control system in both Community Banks is effective. It’s based on conformity between AS Section 319 and its implementation on both Community Bank. Total 20 questions for conformity analysis, 1st Community Bank for the next called BPR A is 80% appropriate, 2nd Community Bank for the next called BPR B is 60% appropriate. The rest questions are used as an attribute on quantitative analysis. The result of the quantitative aspect shows the internal control system in both Community Banks is not effective. This is because the AUPL (Achieved Upper Precision Limit) from three attribute samples analyzed exceed specified DUPL, that is: a) Authorization of credit approval documents AUPL = 18%, b) Completeness of supporting documents attached AUPL = 28%, and c) Verification of transaction correctness and correctness of ceiling calculation AUPL credit = 29%.
Cross-metathesis of fatty acid methyl esters with acrolein: An entry to a variety of bifunctional compounds

The cross-metathesis of renewable fatty acid methyl esters with acrolein was investigated. The bifunctional formyl-esters obtained are interesting compounds for further transformations into bifunctional polymer precursors. Several experimental parameters and ruthenium catalysts have been evaluated. Best results were obtained with thermally pre-treated fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The reactions performed with high efficiency with low catalyst loadings allowing TONs as high at 1000. An acetal protected acrolein was also used, enabling improvement of the reaction performances. A tandem cross-metathesis/hydrogenation reaction without isolation of the formyl intermediate delivered the expected alcohol ester in good yield. Practical applications: The cross-metathesis of FAMEs with acrolein provides access to a broad range of bifunctional compounds of interest for the manufacture of polymers, considering the multiple post-transformations of the formyl group available The ruthenium-catalyzed cross-metathesis of fatty acid methyl esters with acrolein is presented. The bifunctional formyl-esters are valuable precursors for subsequent transformations such as the tandem cross-metathesis/hydrogenation reaction delivering a hydroxyl-ester in one step.