Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of sleep disorders during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic scoping review protocol

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is impacting human health globally. In addition to physical health problems, a growing burden of mental health problems has become a global concern amid this pandemic. Sleep disorders are major mental health problems associated with increased psychosocial stressors; however, no research synthesis is available on the epidemiology of sleep disorders. In this systematic scoping review, we aim to assess the current evidence on the epidemiological burden, associated factors, and interventions from the existing literature on sleep disorders. Methods: We will search seven major health databases and additional sources to identify, evaluate, and synthesize empirical studies on the prevalence and correlates of sleep disorders and available interventions addressing the same. We will use the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Scoping Review and report the findings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. Conclusion: This review will identify the epidemiological burden of and interventions for sleep disorders. The findings of this review will be widely communicated with the research and professional community to facilitate future research and practice.
Cytotoxic and antiviral potentials of Euphorbia milii var. splendens leaf against Peste des petits ruminant virus

Purpose: To determine the cytotoxic and antiviral potentials of Euphorbia milii var. splendens leaf against Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). Methods: The methanol extract, as well as nhexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and nbutanol fractions of E. milii leaves were screened for cytotoxic and antiviral activities against PPRV using Vero cell line and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: Non-cytotoxic concentrations with cell survival rate (CSP) greater than 50 % were considered virucidal. Methanol extract and fractions produced significant (p < 0.05) effects at all test concentrations against PPRV. The 50 % cytotoxic concentration (CC50) calculated was ≤ 25 μg/mL for extract and fractions. In antiviral assay, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and n-butanol fractions at all test concentrations ranging from 1.56 800 μg/mL were non-virucidal; even at their non-cytotoxic concentrations these fractions did not show antiviral activities. However, the methanol extract and its chloroform fractions showed significant (p < 0.05) virucidal potential. Conclusion: The results suggest that further isolation of antiviral constituents from the fractions may open new horizons for the development of new antiviral agents.
Guidelines on information requirements for import and release of invertebrate biological control agents in European countries.

Several international documents have been published in recent years with the objective of providing guidance to industry, biocontrol practitioners and competent national regulatory authorities on the regulatory framework for the import and release of invertebrate biological control agents (IBCAs). As the scope and the level of detail given in these documents were diverse in many respects, it has been difficult for all stakeholders to apply such guidelines, and to integrate them in a harmonized way into national regulatory documents. At the request of several stakeholders, the International Organization for Biological Control of Noxious Animals and Plants/West Palaearctic Regional Section (IOBC/WPRS) organized an initiative with the objective of merging all relevant international documents into one document, to provide more specific guidance, and to harmonize the regulation of IBCAs in European countries and in other countries of the IOBC/WPRS. This document consists of five sections which together form comprehensive guidelines specifying the information required for regulating import and release of IBCAs
Induction of systemic resistance to bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum in cotton by leaf extract from a medicinal plant zimmu (Allium sativum L. × Allium cepa L.)

Abstract Aqueous extract (10%) from leaves of zimmu (Allium sativum L. × Allium cepa L.) when applied as foliar spray to first and second leaves of cotton plants induced systemic resistance in third and fourth leaves to a challenge infection with Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum and reduced the number of lesions by up to 73% compared with water-treated control plants. The treated leaves exhibited significantly high activity of enzymes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase along with rapid accumulation of phenolics. The activities of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase were greatly elevated in treated plants as compared to water-treated controls. An 11-fold increase in chitinase activity was evident 4 d after treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that a chitinase with an apparent molecular weight of 58 kDa that cross-reacted with a barley chitinase antiserum was induced in cotton leaves 3 d after treatment and the maximum induction of this chitinase was detected 4 d after treatment. The present study provides evidence for the induction of biochemical defence mechanisms in cotton leaves after treatment with leaf extract from zimmu.
Linkages Between Futures and Spot Prices: A Study of Bombay Stock Exchange Sensitive Index (BSE)

Study aims at determining lead-lag relationship and price discovery mechanism between spot market and futures market based upon daily closing values of Sensex prices (SS) and Sensex based futures prices (FS) spanning June 12, 2000 to March 31, 2016. Spot and futures prices are cointegrated, confirming long-run relationship between the two series. VECM reveal that in short-run there exists bi-directional causality between futures market and spot market. However, same could not be traced within the spot market prices for their immediate past prices in the short-run. Further, error correction term has turned negative and significant for futures market while positive and significant for spot suggesting that both futures and spot prices respond to correct volatility shocks in the long-run. However, long-run causality is more pronounced from futures to spot, thus futures have greater contribution to price discovery and equilibrium correction in long run.
A vendor-agnostic, single code-based GPU tracking for the Inner Tracking System of the ALICE experiment

During the LHC Run 3 the ALICE online computing farm will process up to 50 times more Pb-Pb events per second than in Run 2. The implied computing resource scaling requires a shift in the approach that comprises the extensive usage of Graphics Processing Units (GPU) for the processing. We will give an overview of the state of the art for the data reconstruction on GPUs in ALICE, with additional focus on the Inner Tracking System detector. A detailed teardown of adopted techniques, implemented algorithms and approaches and performance report will be shown. Additionally, we will show how we support different GPUs brands (NVIDIA and AMD) with a single code-base using an automatic code translation and generation for different target architectures. Strengths and possible weaknesses of this approach will be discussed. Finally, an overview of the next steps towards an even more comprehensive usage of GPUs in ALICE software will be illustrated.
Use of circuli spacing on scales to discriminate hatchery and wild barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch)

A study was conducted to determine if hatchery-reared and wild barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), could be distinguished by the patterns of circuli spacing on the scales. Proprietary software and digitizing equipment was used to obtain measurements of circuli spacing within one millimetre of the focus of the scales. Discriminant analyses separated the groups with up to 83% accuracy. As the technique utilizes innate tags laid down in response to the rearing environment, it has considerably more potential for evaluating the efficacy of large-scale enhancement programmes than do traditional physical tagging techniques.
The Expansion Apparatus in Fish Heads, a 3-d kInetic Deduction

Among teleost fishes, suction feeding is the most frequent mode of obtaining food. Using a 3-D kinematic model of the suction apparatus, it is calculated for what quantitative combinations of the model's static parameters three hydrodynamic demands pertinent to suction feeding could be optimized under certain anatomical constraints. Based on these calculations and constraints each of the considered parameter value sets can be categorized as optimal, suboptimal or overruled. The morphospace thus subdivided is called the evaluated morphospace. It demonstrates, for instance, that optimal sets are not randomly distributed in the morphospace but exhibit a certain pattern implying an interdependency of the parameter values. Of 73 East-African, lacustrine cichlid species the parameter value sets were plotted in the evaluated morphospace where these species-specific sets appear to be located in a narrow zone around the border between optimal and suboptimal sets but quite far away from the overruled sets. Remarkably, of all optimal value sets theoretically feasible, a relatively small range is actually used by cichlids and possibly by teleosts in general. This and the border position of the value sets in the optimal domain suggest a constraint on optimizing the suction apparatus, but the nature of the constraint could not yet be detected. The importance of the results is based on the following considerations: (1) The 73 species investigated constitute a representative sample of a speciose and ecological diverse group, viz. the ca. 1500 cichlid species that make up the independently evolved flocks in the Great East-African Lakes. (2) Preliminary investigations indicate that the results hold also for non-cichlids with a similar way of suction feeding. (3) The model may well explain the deviating value sets as observed among fishes with a different type of suction feeding.
UHT‐Sterilized Peanut Beverages: Kinetics of Physicochemical Changes during Storage and Shelf‐Life Prediction Modeling

Strawberry-flavored (S04) and chocolate-flavored (C04 and C20) peanut beverages UHT-sterilized (137 °C, 4 sec or 20 sec) and aseptically filled in Tetra Briks were stored for 6 mo at 5, 20 and 35 °C. Sensory characteristics and kinetics of physicochemical changes were studied. The changes were of zero (pH of S04, and sedimentation and homogenization indices of all beverages) and first (pH of C04 and C20, viscosity and color lightness of all beverages) order. Reaction rate constant and Gibb's free energy increased with temperature. Activation energy followed Arrhenius equation. Deterioration in beverage sensory qualities highly correlated with increase in sedimentation index and decrease in pH and emulsion stability. Shelf-life prediction models were constructed based on sensory and kinetics data. The shelf-life was estimated to be 4–7 mo for beverages stored at 30–35 °C.
Adding multi-core support to the ALICE Grid Middleware

The major upgrade of the ALICE experiment for the LHC Run3 poses unique challenges and opportunities for new software development. In particular, the entirely new data taking and processing software of ALICE relies on process parallelism and large amounts of shared objects in memory. Thus from a single-core single thread workload in the past, the new workloads are exclusively multithreaded. This requires a profound change in the ALICE Grid midleware job handling, from scheduling to execution, and thus the entire middleware has been rewritten during the past 3 years to support the new multithreaded reality. This paper presents the ALICE middlewre development for multi-core job management and the tools used to achieve an efficient and secure environment. In particular, it covers job isolation and scheduling and how they can be implemented in different site configurations, such as sites shared with other experiments or High Performance Computing resources.
Co-treatment of leachate in municipal wastewater treatment plants: Critical issues and emerging technologies

Abstract Solid waste management has become a global problem as the rate at which waste is generated exceeds population growth. Although it is not the most environment friendly option due to the inevitable generation of greenhouse gases and leachate, landfilling is globally still the most commonly applied waste disposal method. Leachate, an extremely polluted wastewater, threatens ground and surface waters and requires adequate treatment before discharge. Co-treatment of leachate in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a commonly practiced method for leachate management. However, changing characteristics of leachate and more stringent discharge limits in WWTPs have led to questions about sustainability of co-treatment. On the other hand, several new technologies and processes, which can be adopted in conventional WWTPs, are now being deployed. For instance, floccular activated sludge has evolved to granule processes, shortcut denitrification processes can potentially lower the oxygen and carbon requirement for nitrogen removal, membrane processes can provide higher effluent quality, more advanced aeration methods enhance energy efficiency, instrumentation, and control and automation capabilities have increased. This is the first dedicated review that compiles and critically evaluates studies concerning co-treatment of leachate and municipal wastewater. Moreover, potential concerns, challenges and opportunities for co-treatment are discussed in the context of new developments in wastewater treatment technology. Graphical abstract
Policy Sharing Using Aggregation Trees for ${Q}$ -Learning in a Continuous State and Action Spaces

<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-learning is a generic approach that uses a finite discrete state and an action domain to estimate action values using tabular or function approximation methods. An intelligent agent eventually learns policies from continuous sensory inputs and encodes these environmental inputs onto a discrete state space. The application of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-learning in a continuous state/action domain is the subject of many studies. This paper uses a tree structure to approximate a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-function using in a continuous state domain. The agent selects a discretized action with a maximum <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-value and this discretized action is then extended to a continuous action using an action bias function. Reinforcement learning is difficult for a single agent when the state space is huge. This proposed architecture is also applied to a multiagent system, wherein an individual agent transfers its useful <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-values to other agents to accelerate the learning process. Policy is shared between agents by grafting the branches of trees in which <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-values are stored to other trees. The results for simulation show that the proposed architecture performs better than tabular <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-learning and significantly accelerates the learning process because all agents use the sharing mechanisms to cooperate with each other.
ULTRASTRUCTURE AND IMMUNOLOCALIZATION OF PHYCOBILIPROTEINS AND RIBULOSE 1,5‐BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/OXYGENASE IN THE MARINE CYANOBACTERIUM TRICHODESMIUM THIEBAUTII 1

Trichodesmium thiebautii Gomont, a marine planktonic diazotrophic cyanobacterium, has an unusual subcellular arrangement. To identify subcellular structures related to photosynthesis, antibodies against phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, and ribulose 1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) were used together with an immuno‐gold labeling technique and electron microscopy. Thylakoid membranes, identified by transmission electron microscopy and phycobiliprotein labeling, were arranged as a loose network throughout all cells. Rubisco showed a particularly intense localization in medium electron‐dense polyhedral bodies, therefore identified as carboxysomes. The average density of the carboxysomal Rubisco label was about five times higher than that in the cytoplasm. The carboxysomes (4–11 per cell section) were scattered throughout the cytoplasm. These data, together with those obtained from double immunolabeling experiments using nitrogenase (Fe‐protein) and Rubisco antibodies, revealed that Trichodesmium contains both N2‐ and CO2‐fixing proteins within the same cell. This is in contrast to the previous concept of a spatial segregation of the two processes in Trichodesmium and demonstrate that nitrogenase‐containing cells are not comparable to heterocysts in this context.
Affect in Multimedia: Benchmarking Violent Scenes Detection

In this article, we report on the creation of a publicly available, common evaluation framework for Violent Scenes Detection (VSD) in Hollywood and YouTube videos. We propose a robust data set, the VSD96, with more than 96 hours of video of various genres, annotations at different levels of detail (e.g., shot-level, segment-level), annotations of mid-level concepts (e.g., blood, fire), various pre-computed multi-modal descriptors, and over 230 system output results as baselines. This is the most comprehensive data set available to this date tailored to the VSD task and was extensively validated during the MediaEval benchmarking campaigns. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth analysis of the crucial components of VSD algorithms, by reviewing the capabilities and the evolution of existing systems (e.g., overall trends and outliers, the influence of the employed features and fusion techniques, the influence of deep learning approaches). Finally, we discuss the possibility of going beyond state-of-the-art performance via an ad-hoc late fusion approach. Experimentation is carried out on the VSD96 data. We provide the most important lessons learned and gained insights. The increasing number of publications using the VSD96 data underline the importance of the topic. The presented and published resources are a practitioner's guide and also a strong baseline to overcome, which will help researchers for the coming years in analyzing aspects of audio-visual affect and violence detection in movies and videos.
Presence of Homologous DNAs to M Gene RNA of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta

Homologous DNAs (M DNA) to the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) M gene were detected in river-homing chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta sperm, eyed-egg embryos, alevins and fry collected from nine rivers and four hatcheries in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, in 1998-2002, although no virus titer was observed in the samples. Real-time PCR assay revealed M DNA at the highest number of 1.7 × 104 copies/mg of tissue. Nucleotide sequence similarities between the M DNA and the viral M genes were ≥97%. When CHSE-214 and RTG-2 cells were inoculated with IHNV, the cells contained 3.8 × 101 to 1.8 × 103 copies of M DNA/105 cells and showed cytopathic effects (CPE). Salmonid fish fry and yearlings infected with the virus contained 1.3 × 101 to 2.6 × 103 copies of M DNA/mg of tissue. CHSE-214 cells transfected with the viral RNA produced M DNA without showing CPE. Reverse transcriptase (RTase) activities in the fish cells and the fish tissues were equivalent to 86-578 pg HIV-1 RTase/106 cells and 2.1-12 pg HIV-1 RTase/mg of tissue, respectively. These results suggest that M DNA is produced from IHNV RNA and retained in the fish.
Adaptation of Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ–6) in Indonesian Context

Adaptation of a psychological instrument is essential due to cultural difference and context. This study aimed to adapt the Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6) in an Indonesian context. The initial steps included back-to-back translation, focus group discussion, expert judgements, and pilot study. From this procedure, five additional items were added to the original GC-6. The eleven final items were tested to 404 undergraduate students aged 18-24 years-old from several universities in Jakarta. The reliability test, the internal consistency, was examined by the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, while the validity test, construct validity, was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The result of analysis showed good validity and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.789). This study concluded that 11-item gratitude questionnaire consistently measured gratitude in adolescents based on two factors: appreciation to the constant experience of life and appreciation towards individuals that take part in one’s life.
Trust trumps comprehension, visceral factors trump all: A psychological cascade constraining informed consent to clinical trials: A qualitative study with stable patients

This paper addresses psychological factors that might interfere with informed consent on the part of stable patients as potential early-phase clinical trial participants. Thirty-six semistructured interviews with patients who had either diabetes or gout were conducted. We investigated stable patients’ attitudes towards participating in a fictitious first-in-human trial of a novel intervention. We focused on an in-depth analysis of those statements and explanations that indicated the existence of psychological factors impairing decision-making capacity. Three main themes emerged: insufficient comprehension of the inherent logic of clinical trials (actual comprehension), the recourse to trust over comprehension (prioritization of trust), and visceral factors that override deliberative process (visceral factors). Overall, our results indicate a limited psychological capacity on the part of stable patients to meet the requirements of informed consent as set by Declaration of Helsinki. A redesigned informed consent procedure should take account of these psychological realities.
Interstitial Diatoms from Two Tidal Flats in Yaquina Estuary, Oregon, USA

Sediments from two tidal flats in Yaquina Estuary, Oregon, USA^ontaining epipelic and epipsammic diatom communities, were sampled monthly for a period of one year. Prepared slides of the diatoms wcre made and thc taxa identified and photographcd, Taxa from the Biraphidineae and Monoraphidineae were most prevalent but many Araphidineac were present äs weih A total of 154 species and varieties reprcsenting 55 genera were found. The interstitial diatoms were found to comprise a unique habitat with a characteristic flora which differs considerably from the cpilithic diatom community. The Southbeach and Sally's Bend tidal flats differed from cach other in Community structure, this in all likelihood being due to the differing physical, chemical, and biological parameters to \vhich the diatoms are exposed. Allochthonous taxa from fresh-water, phytoplankton, and fossil forms were found on occasion. Ten new species vere described and holotypes deposited in the diatom collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. This study extends the distribution of many diatoms prcviously unreported from the Pacific coast of North America and further supports the cosmopolitan naturc of many of these organisms.
CdS versus ZnSnO buffer layers for a CIGS solar cell: a depth-resolved analysis using the muon probe

The influence of a buffer layer in the surface of a Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell material is studied using implanted positive muons as a probe. A depth resolved analysis of the muon data suggests that both CdS and ZnSnO reduce the width of a defect layer present at the CIGS surface to about half its original value. Additionaly, CdS is able to reduce the intensity of the distur¬bance in the defected region, possibly due to a surface reconstrution in CIGS.