Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Solution for Ultra-Low Bit-Error-Rate Interface of Superconductor-Semiconductor by Using an Error-Correction-Code Encoder

This paper introduces a solution for ultra-low bit-error-rate interface of superconductor-semiconductor. By using an error-correction-code encoder, the low bit-error-rate requirement could be relaxed considerably. The encoder in our research encodes 32-bit original data with six extra check bits that are generated based on the theory of linear block code to correct 1-bit error. The numerical analysis shows the bias margin of BER < 10−10 expands more than 50% for a reported typical interface. Besides, the mean time between failure of the 32-bit interface running at 5 Gbps with 10−12 BER improves from 6.25 s to 44 000 years, and the BER requirement for 1 h operation without error is relaxed from 1.7 × 10−15 to 1.14 × 10−8. The implementation uses an optimized 9-stage pipelined structure achieving low latency and high throughput. This encoder is simulated in logic-gate-level and we implemented a virtual SFQ logic which performs pulse clocked logic on a realistic field-programming-gate-array to verify the design.
IMPROVED DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM MATURITY OF MAIZE BASED ON ALEXNET

The increase in the number of humans and animals, particularly livestock in Sub-Sahara Africa without a correspondent increase in land resources has led to shortages, and consequently metamorphose into unhealthy clashes between farmers and herders. The unpredictable changes in climatic conditions in recent times and human activities has also contributed to deforestation and desertification. The maize plant is being considered to mitigate for the shortage by the application of Computational Intelligence technique and image processing in the determination of the optimum maturity of the maize. There are different varieties of maize that are quite suitable for different climatic conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, the optimum maturity of SAMMAZ 17 variety of maize seedling is selected due to its high resilient to drought, striga condition and its good composition of nutrients. The maturity is determined by the application of Alexnet on 3000 samples of maize comb captured at different maturity stages cultivated in the same farm land. The network gave an accuracy of 72.44%. The result obtained showed a 4.44% improvement over an earlier result obtained by the use of Resnet-50. The finding is a window of opportunity for improvement in the determination of the optimum maturity of maize.
Decadal Variability in the Impact of Atmospheric Circulation Patterns on the Winter Climate of Northern Russia

The Arctic continues to warm at a much faster rate than the global average. One process contributing to “Arctic amplification” involves changes in low-frequency macroscale atmospheric circulation patterns and their consequent influence on regional climate. Here, using ERA5 data, we examine decadal changes in the impact of seven such patterns on winter near-surface temperature (SAT) and precipitation (PPN) in northern Russia and calculate the temporal consistency of any statistically significant relationships. We demonstrate that the 40-yr climatology hides considerable decadal variability in the spatial extent of such circulation pattern–climate relationships across the region, with few areas where their temporal consistency exceeds 60%. This is primarily a response to the pronounced decadal expansion/contraction and/or mobility of the circulation patterns’ centers of action. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the dominant pattern (having the highest temporal consistency) affecting SAT west of the Urals. Farther east, the Scandinavian (SCA), Polar/Eurasian (POL), and West Pacific patterns are successively the dominant pattern influencing SAT across the West Siberian Plains, Central Siberian Plateau, and mountains of Far East Siberia, respectively. From west to east, the SCA, POL, and Pacific–North American patterns exert the most consistent decadal influence on PPN. The only temporally invariant significant decadal relationships occur between the NAO and SAT and the SCA and PPN in small areas of the North European Plain.
Higher Density Environments and the Critical Role of City Streets as Public Open Spaces

This paper explores the relationship between crowding and streets as public open spaces in high-density urban environments from the perspectives of perceived density and human needs, two antecedents to crowdedness. City streets are the places through which various forms of crowding are perceived and experienced. Hence, they can play a role in easing this sense of crowding if corresponding strategies are put in place. The paper argues that practices, such as traffic calming and self-building, can transform the streets to serve as public open space, which increases spaciousness and eases crowding. It also puts forward tactical urbanism as a strategy for city governance to create the right conditions encouraging flourishing civil society initiatives in a dense primary environment that is invigorating and at the same time has a level of crowding perceived as both comfortable and liveable.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER IN NAJAF GOVERNORATE (IRAQ) FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSES

ABSTRACT Middle East has suffered from drought since many decades because of climate changes; therefore, surface water has become scarce in many countries such as Iraq. It seems, in general that groundwater is the alternative best solution to cover the lack in water requirements of domestic, agriculture, and industry. In this study, environmental assessment was carried out for 29 wells in Najaf Governorate to evaluate their water suitability for irrigation use. This bases on comparison between 8 water quality parameters with their limitations at Food and Agriculture Organization guideline (FAO) beside British Colombia guideline (BC), the parameters are: nickel, chromium, lead, zinc, cadmium, sulfates, hydrogen power (pH), and total dissolved solids. The study outcome clarifies that there are only 4 wells have suitable water for irrigation use, the others have at least one parameter not applicable with the international guidelines of FAO and BC, which are probably not appropriate for irrigation.
General, energy‐separable Faber polynomial representation of operator functions: Theory and application in quantum scattering

A general, uniformly convergent series representation of operator‐valued functions in terms of Faber polynomials is presented. The method can be used to evaluate the action of any operator‐valued function which is analytic in a simply connected region enclosed by a curve, Lγ. The three most important examples include the time‐independent Green’s operator, G+(E)=1/[E−(H−ie)], where H may be Hermitian or may also contain a negative imaginary absorbing potential, the time‐dependent Green’s or evolution operator, exp(−iHt/ℏ), and the generalized collision operator from nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, 1/[E−(L−ie)], where L is the Liouvillian operator for the Hamiltonian. The particular uniformly convergent Faber polynomial expansion employed is determined by the conformal mapping between the simply connected region external to the curve Lγ, which encloses the spectrum of H−ie (or L−ie), and the region external to a disk of radius γ. A locally smoothed conformal mapping is introduced containing a finite n.
TransNAS-Bench-101: Improving transferability and Generalizability of Cross-Task Neural Architecture Search

Recent breakthroughs of Neural Architecture Search (NAS) extend the field’s research scope towards a broader range of vision tasks and more diversified search spaces. While existing NAS methods mostly design architectures on a single task, algorithms that look beyond single-task search are surging to pursue a more efficient and universal solution across various tasks. Many of them leverage transfer learning and seek to preserve, reuse, and refine network design knowledge to achieve higher efficiency in future tasks. However, the enormous computational cost and experiment complexity of cross-task NAS are imposing barriers for valuable research in this direction. Existing NAS benchmarks all focus on one type of vision task, i.e., classification. In this work, we propose TransNAS-Bench-101, a benchmark dataset containing network performance across seven tasks, covering classification, regression, pixel-level prediction, and self-supervised tasks. This diversity provides opportunities to transfer NAS methods among tasks and allows for more complex transfer schemes to evolve. We explore two fundamentally different types of search space: cell-level search space and macro-level search space. With 7,352 backbones evaluated on seven tasks, 51,464 trained models with detailed training information are provided. With TransNAS-Bench-101, we hope to encourage the advent of exceptional NAS algorithms that raise cross-task search efficiency and generalizability to the next level. Our dataset and code will be available at Mindspore1 and VEGA2.
Ultrasensitive Assay of Gatifloxacin at Picogram Level Based on its Enhancing Effect on the Myoglobin‐Luminol Chemiluminescence Reaction

Abstract Picogram‐level gatifloxacin was determined based on its significantly catalyzed effect on myoglobin‐luminol chemiluminescence (CL) reaction in the flow injection system. The enhanced chemiluminescence intensity was linear with gatifloxacin concentration in the range from 50 ngl−1–10 µg l−1 (r2=0.9995), and the detection limit was 20 ng l−1 (3σ). At a flow rate of 2.0 ml min−1 for each line, a complete analytical process could be performed within 0.5 min, including sampling and washing, with a relative standard deviation of less than 4.0% (n=7). The proposed method was applied successfully in the determination of gatifloxacin in tablets, human serum and urine samples with the recovery from 97.4–104.5%.
Financial Technology (Fintech) and cybersecurity

In this paper, we investigate the definition of Fintech and measure the extent of the impact of Fintech variables on the Cybersecurity as the dependent variable. The hypotheses developed by the authors which are based on research through the statistical results of the research variables and as all correlation coefficients were a positive relationship and at the level of significance 0.01 which made the authors accept the correlation hypotheses, and for the results of the influence factor between the research variables it also had a positive effect when the level of 0.05 for all sections of the independent variable, as we have also noticed that the influence of the independent variable of financial technology when linked to all of its sections with Cybersecurity. We find the influence of the influence coefficient significantly increased to 0.908, which explains that there is a complementarity between the sections of the independent variable.
Comparison of the Herbal Care Package and Breast Care Method On Volume Of Breast Milk Among Postpartum Mothers With Breast Engorgement

Warm herbal ball compress were alternative treatments on increase volume of breast milk. Cold cabbage leaves to reduce breast pain. Combination of two non pharmacology methods will be more effective to reduce breast pain and increase volume of breastmilk. The study aimed to analyze difference effect of herbal care package than breastcare to volume of breast milk. The design study conduct quasi experiment with pretest-posttest with a non-equivalent control group. The subject is 30 postpartum mothers day 1-14 with breast engorgement in Semarang. The intervention group was applied warm herbal ball compresses, breast massage, and cold cabbage. However control group was applied breastcare. Both groups received these treatment 6 times during 3 days with duration of 20 minutes. Electric breast pump and beaker glass was instruments to observed volume of breast milk. The results of the dependent statistical test showed intervention group increased volume of breast milk 15.27 ml to 53.6 ml with mean difference of 38,33. The control group increased volume of breast milk 16.13 ml to 37.93 ml with mean difference of 21.80 ml. Independent t-test results obtained p-value 0.001. Herbal care package can increase volume of breast milk than breastcare.
Culture as a mediator of climate change adaptation: Neither static nor unidirectional

Though there is increasing recognition of the cultural dimensions that shape climate change adaptation, our experience from working with actors engaged in adaptation policy and practice suggests that the role of culture still tends to be conceived in overly narrow and fixed terms. This is exemplified in portrayals of conservative cultural norms as stifling positive change. A growing body of research across the world indicates that the reality is seldom as simple as this—culture works in complex and variable ways, and, most importantly, is inherently dynamic. Drawing especially from research work on vulnerability and adaptation conducted in semi‐arid regions, we illustrate this argument by briefly exploring three themes—multiple knowledge systems for farming in Botswana, the dynamics of pastoralist values and livelihoods in Kenya, and the interplay of caste and livelihood choices in India. Understanding how different facets of culture such as these operate in context helps move away from viewing culture statically as a barrier or enabler, and toward a more plural and dynamic appreciation of the role of culture in adaptation. This includes recognizing the potential for factors that may be construed as barriers to become enablers. Critical, balanced engagement with cultural dimensions in both research and practice, understanding and working with these dynamic social structures, is essential if adaptation is to create meaningful and lasting change for those who need it most.
Investigation of Social Behaviour Patterns using Location-Based Data - A Melbourne Case Study

Location-based social networks such as Swarm provide a rich source of information on human behaviour and urban functions. Our analysis of data created by users who voluntarily used check-ins with a mobile application can give insight into a user’s mobility and behaviour patterns. In this study, we used location-sharing data from Swarm to explore spatiotemporal, geo-temporal and behaviour patterns within the city of Melbourne. Moreover, we used several tools for different datasets. We used the MeaningCloud tool for sentiment analysis and the LIWC15 tool for psychometric analysis. Also, we employed SPSS software for the descriptive statistical analysis on check-in data to reveal meaningful trends and attain a deeper understanding of human behaviour patterns in the city. The results show that most people do not express strong negative or positive emotions in relation to the places they visit. Behaviour patterns vary based on gender. Furthermore, mobility patterns are different on different days of the week as well as at different times of a day but are not necessarily influenced by the weather.
Performance Evaluation of WBANs MAC Protocols in Different dBm and OMNet++

In present days, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have involved considerable attention of both academy and industry because of the varied range of contexts in which they could be used. The has wireless body area network (WBAN) become the most important standard for WSN, and several software and hardware platforms are built on it. The implementation and performance analysis of this standard is essential to understand the important limits of it. The simulation is one of the greatest valuable tools for protocol evaluation and prototyping design. Furthermore, network simulators play an important part to test new algorithms and other protocols built on this specification. In this paper, the performance of the WBAN MAC standard protocols has been tested. The performance of the protocols regarding power consumption, delay and packets congestion are compared using OMNet++ simulator.
Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis

This article describes the automated computed tomography (CT) image processing technique supporting kidney detection. The main goal of the study is a fully automatic generation of a kidney boundary for each slice in the set of slices obtained in the computed tomography examination. This work describes three main tasks in the process of automatic kidney identification: the initial location of the kidneys using the U-Net convolutional neural network, the generation of an accurate kidney boundary using extended maxima transformation, and the application of the slice scanning algorithm supporting the process of generating the result for the next slice, using the result of the previous one. To assess the quality of the proposed technique of medical image analysis, automatic numerical tests were performed. In the test section, we presented numerical results, calculating the F1-score of kidney boundary detection by an automatic system, compared to the kidneys boundaries manually generated by a human expert from a medical center. The influence of the use of U-Net support in the initial detection of the kidney on the final F1-score of generating the kidney outline was also evaluated. The F1-score achieved by the automated system is 84% ± 10% for the system without U-Net support and 89% ± 9% for the system with U-Net support. Performance tests show that the presented technique can generate the kidney boundary up to 3 times faster than raw U-Net-based network. The proposed kidney recognition system can be successfully used in systems that require a very fast image processing time. The measurable effect of the developed techniques is a practical help for doctors, specialists from medical centers dealing with the analysis and description of medical image data.
A Convenient Approach towards the Synthesis of a “Proton Switchable” Chromium(VI) Extractant Based on Calix[4]arene

A convenient synthesis and Cr(VI) extraction properties of a new calix[4]arene-based receptor (5), which has been synthesized from 5,17-diformyl-25,27-dimethoxycarbonylmethoxycalix[4]arene (4) by treatment with 3-aminomethylpyridine in one step, are described. The receptor 5 contains four pyridinyl groups, two on each rim. Two of them are joined by an amide linkage onto the lower rim, and other two are linked by an imine-type linkage onto the upper rim of the calix[4]arene moiety. Receptor 5 is very soluble in water at low pH (<2.5). Calixarene 5 also represents a good extractant for Thus, the partially protonated form of 5 is an effective extractant for transferring ions from an aqueous into a chloroform layer. Deprotonation of 5 results in a reversal, with migrating back into the aqueous layer.
Traffic Data Reconstruction via Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Correlations

Data missing remains a difficult and important problem in the transportation information system, which seriously restricts the application of the intelligent transportation system (ITS), dominatingly on traffic monitoring, e.g., traffic data collection, traffic state estimation, and traffic control. Numerous traffic data imputation methods had been proposed in the last decade. However, lacking of sufficient temporal variation characteristic analysis as well as spatial correlation measurements leads to limited completion precision, and poses a major challenge for an ITS. Leveraging the low-rank nature and the spatial-temporal correlation of traffic network data, this paper proposes a novel approach to reconstruct the missing traffic data based on low-rank matrix factorization, which elaborates the potential implications of the traffic matrix by decomposed factor matrices. To further exploit the temporal evolvement characteristics and the spatial similarity of road links, we design a time-series constraint and an adaptive Laplacian regularization spatial constraint to explore the local relationship with road links. The experimental results on six real-world traffic data sets show that our approach outperforms the other methods and can successfully reconstruct the road traffic data precisely for various structural loss modes.
Evaluating the consequences of supergrid developments with relation to the modernization and conservation of historic street patterns: a case study on early 20th century Seoul

ABSTRACT Planned supergrid developments are influential on both the modernization and conservation of historic street patterns and their spatial structures, but related discussions have so far remained largely at prescriptive or normative levels without an in-depth empirical basis. Through a case study on the historic city centre of Seoul by devising and applying a systematic framework of space syntax analysis incorporating relatively recent, less known but elaborate techniques, this study therefore empirically analysed the detailed spatio-configurational changes that occur when such plans are implemented and evaluated what their consequences may be with relation to the modernization and conservation of historic street patterns. While a variety of empirical evidence presents the spatio-configurational mechanisms of the planned supergrid consistently facilitating the historic street system’s modernization, results related to its conservation are mixed; the original spatial structure and order does become disrupted at the background and local-scale foreground levels but contrary to conventional perceptions it is spatially succeeded and expanded at the global-scale foreground level, and streets comprising the supergrid that had already existed before its development have a milder impact than newly constructed ones. Implications for the sustainable management and planning of historic street patterns and their spatial context are further discussed.
ChangeMacroRecorder: Accurate Recording of Fine-Grained Textual Changes of Source Code

SUMMARY Recording source code changes comes to be well recognized as an e ﬀ ective means for understanding the evolution of existing software and making its future changes e ﬃ cient. Therefore, modern integrated development environments (IDEs) tend to employ tools that record ﬁne-grained textual changes of source code. However, there is still no satisfactory tool that accurately records textual changes. We propose ChangeMacroRecorder that automatically and silently records all textual changes of source code and in real time correlates those textual changes with actions causing them while a programmer is writing and modifying it on the Eclipse’s Java editor. The improvement with respect to the accuracy of recorded textual changes enables both programmers and researchers to exactly understand how the source code was evolved. This paper presents detailed information on how ChangeMacroRecorder achieves the accurate recording of textual changes and demonstrates how accurate textual changes were recorded in our experiment consisting of nine programming tasks.