Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of the preventive role of cranberry extract on some physiological parameters in male rate induced by sodium fluoride

Background: Traditional medicine is still widely practiced today and modern medicine benefits from many compounds. The aim of current study was to determine the biological efficacy of the cranberry plant extract on some blood parameters specific to renal function in laboratory white rats (Rattus norvegicus), orally injected with sodium fluoride. Methods: Current study was conducted over a period of one month, from February 2019 to July 2019. The laboratory white strain inventory was studied (albino rats, n= 25) inventory of males aged between (2-4) months and weighed between (150-250g). They were divided into five groups randomly; the first group included negative control group, the second group included positive control administered an oral dose of sodium fluoride (20mg/kg body weight) for 30 respective days. Groups III and IV were considered as test groups for the protective role of cranberry extract which were administered oral doses of cranberry extract (225, 150 and 75(mg/kg body weight plus sodium fluoride for 30 respective days. After the end of the experiment, animals were anesthetized with ketamine and the blood was collected by direct heart puncture. The studied parameters included (body weight and serum concentrations of sodium, calcium, potassium, urea and creatinine. Results: The results of present study showed significant differences in the studied parameters. A significant increase was observed in the concentration of sodium, potassium, calcium, creatinine and urea. Also, a significant decrease was observed in the body weight (P≤0.05) in rats treated with sodium fluoride when compared to the control group. On the other hand, the results of the current study showed that the treatment with cranberry extract was accompanied by some significant changes. A significant decrease was observed in body weight and concentrations of sodium, calcium, potassium and creatine (P≤0.05). When comparing the fluoride and the cranberry extract groups, the decrease led to return of these parameters closer to the state in the control group. However, the concentration of urea was increased significantly (P≤0.05) when comparing the fluoride group with the cranberry extract group. Conclusion: It was clear from the results of this study that the extract of the Cranberry plant has a biological effect in resisting the effects of toxic substances to which the organism is exposed.
Potential Evapotranspiration Reduction and Its Influence on Crop Yield in the North China Plain in 1961–2014

Climate change has caused uneven changes in hydrological processes (precipitation and evapotranspiration) on a space-temporal scale, which would influence climate types, eventually impact agricultural production. Based on data from 61 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2014 in the North China Plain (NCP), the spatiotemporal characteristics of climate variables, such as humidity index, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration (ET0), were analyzed. The sensitivity coefficients and contribution rates were applied to ET0. The NCP has experienced a semiarid to humid climate from north to south due to the significant decline of ET0 (−13.8 mm decade−1). In the study region, 71.0% of the sites showed a “pan evaporation paradox” phenomenon. Relative humidity had the most negative influence on ET0, while wind speed, sunshine hours, and air temperature had a positive effect on ET0. Wind speed and sunshine hours contributed the most to the spatiotemporal variation of ET0, followed by relative humidity and air temperature. Overall, the key climate factor impacting ET0 was wind speed decline in the NCP, particularly in Beijing and Tianjin. The crop yield in Shandong and Henan provinces was higher than that in the other regions with a higher humidity index. The lower the humidity index in Hebei province, the lower the crop yield. Therefore, potential water shortages and water conflict should be considered in the future because of spatiotemporal humidity variations in the NCP.
INFLUENCE OF OSMOTIC AGENTS ON DRYING BEHAVIOR AND PRODUCT QUALITY OF GUAVA FRUIT

Fruits and vegetables are very perishable due to their high water content. Water content is removed by the osmotic dehydration process from low concentration to higher concentration, which increases the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. Osmotic dehydration has better retention properties like flavor, taste and vitamins and mineral than others that is why it is a preferable process to increase the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. This present study was carried out to find out the effects of solutions type and concentration on the osmotic dehydration of guava. In this study, sucrose (40, 50 and 60°B); salt (5, 10 and 15%) and sucrose: salt (combine) solutions (40°B:10%, 50°B:10% and 55°B:10%) were used. Among different solution concentration and 6 hrs contact time 55°B: 10% (T9) at 50°C gave highest, water loss 89.7%, solid gain 13.79% and normalized solid content 2.43%. It was also found that there is not very much difference between mineral content, a slight increase in acidity and degradation in ascorbic acid content on the storage at ambient temperature after 45 days. It can be concluded from this study that solution type and concentration were the pronounced factors affecting solid gain, water loss and normalized solid content of guava slice during osmotic dehydration. Sensory analysis showed that product obtained after osmotic dehydration with sucrose: salt (combine) solution (55°B: 10 %) was best followed by sucrose 50°B and 10% salt solution.
Internet media as the digital public sphere: Possibilities and problems

: Th is article tries to diagnose possibilities and limitations of the online media as a digital agora — a virtual space for citizens’ deliberation which could potentially strengthen and enhance democracy in Poland, as well as in other Central European countries. Considering the key features of the public sphere indicated by Habermas (inclusiveness, rationality, autonomy, lack of hierarchy), the analysis focuses on three problem areas. Th e fi rst one includes the impact of digital exclusion upon availability of the digital public sphere for citizens. Th e second part of the study is devoted to rationality and interactivity of online discourse. Th e last part of the analysis addresses the impact of the relative anonymity of online communication on the equality and autonomy of citizens’ deliberation on the internet.
Fear of falling and physical performance among older Czech adults

1 Department of Anthropology and Health Education, Faculty of Education, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic 2 Centre for Research and Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic 3 II. Internal Clinic of Gastroenterology and Geriatrics, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic 4 Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Stadards of Proof in Criminal Procedure (Comparative Analysis)

In criminal process the main task of achieving result is forming of a verdict of guilty or acquittal on the basis of court decision. In this, every decision is grounded on independent evaluation of given evidences. Exactly these form the actuality of research – search for methodological and forming methods of evaluation of evidences. The author points out that evidences have different origin and application. That is why there is necessity that use of evidence in the framework of a judicial process has unified methodology. The author of the article provides such methodology on the basis of development of proof procedure. It has been determined that application of standards allows to use within criminal process differentiated sources thereby defining the boundaries of interaction between the subjects of the criminal process. The author of the article has found principles that form open standards of proof, that is, application of which is possible for all interested parties and which can be verified by controlling and supervisory bodies. The author in article provides not only the basis for development of methodological criteria, but also defines its practical application in all possible interpretations. Practical significance of research is defined by goals to increase transparency of criminal process and the possibilities of engaging relevant experts in the evaluation of evidence and general process of proof.
Landslide displacement prediction based on wavelet transform and long short-term memory neural network

The prediction of landslide displacement is a key component of an early warning system to mitigate landslide risk. Most of the models for landslide displacement prediction are static models. Yet, landslides move dynamically. This paper proposes a novel dynamic model combining the wavelet transform and the multivariate long short-term memory neural network to predict landslide displacement. In the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) in China, step-wise landslides have been observed. One such step-wise landslide, the Baijiabao landslide, was used as case study for this paper. The cumulated displacement was decomposed into a trend displacement, a periodic displacement and noise using the wavelet transform. The periodic displacement was predicted by the multivariate long short-term memory (LTSM) neural network considering various causal factors. For comparison, the static multivariate support vector machine (SVM) model and univariate LSTM model were also implemented. The results demonstrate that the multivariate LSTM model achieved higher prediction accuracy than the multivariate SVM and univariate LSTM models, and that the method is preferable for predicting the displacement of step-wise landslides in general, and for the TGRA in particular. RÉSUMÉ: La prédiction de l'étendue des glissements de terrain constitue un élément important pour la reduction du risque. La majorité des modèles existants pour glissements sont de nature statique. Un glissement se déplace cependant de manière dynamique. Cet article propose un nouveau modèle dynamique qui allie une transformation en ondelettes des signaux avec une analyse par réseau neuronal 'longue mémoire à court terme' (LSTM) avec multivariables. Autour du barrage "Three Gorges" en Chine, on a observé nombres de glissements "par étapes", dont le glissement de Baijiabao. Les déplacements cumulatifs sont composés d'une partie "trend" et une partie périodique. Le déplacement périodique a été modelé avec le réseau neuronal LSTM, considérant la précipitation et la variation du niveau du réservoir. Des comparaisons sont aussi faites avec un modèle statique, le modèle SVM (machine à vecteurs de support avec multi.variables) et un modèle univariable LSTM. Les résultats démontrent que le modèle LSTM avec multivariables fait un bien meilleur modelage que les deux autres modèles, et que cette méthode est préférable pour la prédiction des déplacements des glissements en général, et en particulier pour les glissements "par étapes" dans la région du barrage Three Gorges.
Chapter 17 Landscape Genetics

In reading this book, you have observed that the spatial data used in landscape ecology come from many sources and in many forms. For many organisms, these data take the form of presence or absence at a location, or numbers of individuals at that same location. For species such as trees, where huge size differences exist between individuals, indices such as basal area, metric tons per hectare, or canopy cover are more useful than counts. For any measured species that is handled (or sampled noninvasively; Taberlet et al. 1999; Kendall and McKelvey 2008; Schwartz and Monfort 2008), an additional data source is available: the genetic data stored in the organism’s tissue. If genetic samples are taken, then these data become another type of spatial data associated with the location where the organism was sampled. As such, genetic data can be analyzed with many of the same approaches used to analyze data of other types that vary spatially. Genetic data, however, also have certain valuable properties that allow different sorts of analyses than are possible using many other data sources. Most data are representative of the present: where an organism is at the time of sampling, and what attributes are correlated with that presence. Genetic data allow us to look into the animal’s past and ask where it was born, and where its parents were born. They also allow us to determine the individual’s likely response to stressors such as heat, drought, or disease. Landscape genetics has been viewed as a hybrid between population genetics and landscape ecology (Manel et al. 2003). Another way to view landscape genetics is as landscape ecology that uses spatial genetic patterns (e.g. genetic variation within or between individuals or groups). This is because landscape genetics treats the genetic patterns themselves as multivariate spatial data and seeks to infer ecological understandings by evaluating these patterns either in isolation or in conjunction with other spatial data. Because genetic data are very different from other data sources, we need to briefly discuss genetic data before we can explore their uses.
Surveillance of Ranavirus and Bacterial Microbiome Characterization of False Map Turtles (Graptemys pseudogeographica) Along the Lower Missouri River, USA

Surveillance of Ranavirus and Bacterial Microbiome Characterization of False Map Turtles (Graptemys pseudogeographica) Along the Lower Missouri River, USA Maddie Butterfield Director: Dr. Jake Kerby, Ph.D. Graptemys pseudographica, or the False Map Turtle, is a state-threatened species in South Dakota. The False Map Turtle, a river-dwelling species, is susceptible to the viral pathogen Ranavirus, leading to the deadly ranavirosis, which is a systemic infection transmitted through the water that can cause severe epizootics in turtles (Johnson et al. 2008). We trapped for False Map Turtles in July of 2017 at three different spots along the Missouri River between Yankton, SD and Vermillion, SD and describe the Ranavirus infection status of all 79 False Map Turtles trapped in this area. Additionally, being a river-dwelling species, the bacterial microbiome within the cloaca of False Map Turtles is presumed to vary along different geographic locations within the river and is largely understudied. The bacterial microbiome within the cloaca of an animal has been shown to have significant effects on the overall health of the animal (Ringo et al. 2010). From the 79 individuals sampled this summer, 21 were analyzed for the bacterial genera present within the bacterial community of their gut microbiome by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the major bacterial genera were identified. Community structure based on taxonomic relationships between bacterial genera based on similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequence is also presented. We conclude that there is no Ranavirus present in any individuals sampled this summer and that bacterial microbiome composition among the cloaca of False Map Turtles differs by geographic location, and that urination during cloacal swabbing does not significantly impact the efficacy of the bacterial community
Runoff reconstruction and climatic influence with tree rings, in the Mayo river basin, Sonora, Mexico

Abstract: Dendrochronological series are reliable sources of information to analyze past hydrological and climatological variation that provides useful information for the management of water resources within basins. We analyzed dendrochronological series obtained from the upper Mayo River Basin using principal components analysis to determine a common climatic signal. Although the complete series extended for over 350 years, the representative period common to all series was from 1750 to 2014 (265 years) with an expressed population signal of over 0.85. Climate data (precipitation and temperature) were collected from the North American Land Data Assimilation System 2 model of the Land Data Assimilation System and hydrometrics records were obtained from the National Commission of Water in Mexico. The results of the response function showed an association of mean monthly temperature with the ring width series for the months of December of the previous year, May and October of the year of growth, and seasonally from January to July (r = -0.75, n = 36, p < 0.05). A significant response to rainfall of earlywood growth was observed for June, November, and December of the previous year, January and February of the growth year, and seasonally, from October of previous year to May of the current growth year (r = 0.70, n = 35, p < 0.05). Significant association also was found between earlywood and the accumulated runoff from October of the previous year to May of the growth year, which was used for reconstruction of the runoff flow between 1750 and 2014, which showed evidence of decadal drought. Significant correlation was found between the reconstructed runoff series, and the Southern Oscillation index (r = -0.42, n = 228, p < 0.05), but not significant with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (r = 0.16, n = 115, p < 0.05). We also observed significant (p < 0.05) associations with the drought indices Palmer Drought Severity Index and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (r = 0.56, r = 0.41, respectively). Our study demonstrated the potential of assimilated data for dendroclimatic reconstructions and the feasibility of generating hydroclimatic information of extreme events that have not been recorded in the available climatic and hydrological instrumental records.
A Psychovisual Optimization of Wavelet Foveation-Based Image Coding and Quality Assessment Based on Human Quality Criterions

Article history: Received: 29 December, 2019 Accepted: 20 February, 2020 Online: 20 March, 2020 In the present article, we introduce a foveation-based optimized embedded and its optimized version image coders thereafter called VOEFIC/MOEFIC and its related foveation wavelet visible difference predictor FWVDP coding quality metric. It advances a visually advanced foveal weighting mask that regulates the wavelet-based image spectrum before its encoding by the SPIHT encoder. It intends to arrive at a destined compression rate with a significant quality improvement for a disposed of binary budget, witnessing separation, and a foveal locale that locates the object in the zone of concern ROI. The coder embodies a couple of masking achieves build on the human psycho-visual quality criteria. Hence, the coder administers the foveal model to weigh the source wavelets samples, reshapes its spectrum content, adapts its shape, discards or somewhat shrinks the redundant excess and finally enhances the visual quality. The foveal weighting mask is computed indoors wavelet subbands as come after. First, it administers the foveal wavelet-based filter depending on the intention point so that it removes or at least reduces the imperceptible frequencies around the zone of concern. Next, it augments the picture contrast according to wavelet JND thresholds to manage brightening and nice the contrast above the distortion just notable. Once refined, the weighted wavelet spectrum will be embedded coded using the standard SPIHT to reach a desired binary bit budget. The manuscript also advances a foveationbased objective quality evaluator that embodies a psycho-visual quality criterion identified with the visual cortex framework. This investigator furnishes a foveal score FPS having the power of detecting probable errors and measuring objectively the compression quality. Keep in mind that the foveal coder VOEFIC and its visually upgraded variant MOEFIC, have similar complexity as their reference SPIHT. In contrast, their gathered data highlight the visual coding advancement and the boost ratio purchased in its quality gain.
Nanoconfined Polymethylpentene Thin Films: A Model for Interpolymer Adhesion and Substrate Polymer Interactions

Polymer thin films play a crucial role in adhesive materials as well as protective industrial coatings. One of the great challenges in developing industrially applicable polymer film coatings has been the issue of understanding their macroscopic behavior on solid substrates. In particular, polymethylpentene (PMP) has been reported for its lightweight nature and high resistance to heat and chemical exposure. We chose to utilize PMP thin films as a model to understand the mechanism and role of crystallinity in inter-polymer film adhesion, an important industrial property. It was found that there exists a physisorbed polymer layer of several nanometers thickness (adsorbed nanolayer) at the polymer-substrate interface. We adopted a strategy to study the role of the nanoconfined polymer chains in the adsorbed nanolayer. As a first step, we isolated and characterized the polymer chains at the substrate surface using atomic force microscopy and wide angle X-ray scattering. PMP samples were prepared by spin casting and then annealed at 150◦C (Tg = 90◦C). The films were then leached with chloroform to unveil the adsorbed chains. The adhesive properties of these adsorbed layers were tested via a custom-built adhesion test device. We prepared bulk PMP film samples of 200 nm thickness atop an adsorbed nanolayer to determine the layers role in adhesion. As a control, we also prepared bulk 200 nm thick PMP films which were pressed against one another instead of an adsorbed layer. Interestingly, a weak adhesion strength of 154 Pa was measured for the control sample, but there was no measurable film adhesion strength detected for the adsorbed layer sample. We hypothesized that the lack of adhesion at the adsorbed layer surface was due to substrate surface effects minimizing polymer chain diffusion, while the minimal bulk adhesion was due to the crystalline structure of the PMP. As a comparison, a series of similar experiments were conducted using poly(ethylene oxide), another crystalline polymer. We have demonstrated that it is the reptation of polymer chains across an interface that yields adhesive properties and that crystalline polymers do not heal easily unless their crystalline structure has been broken. This is a finding which provides important insight into the viability of polymer film adhesives and expands on the mechanistic understanding of nanoscale polymer behavior.