Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic Significance of Leaf Anatomical Characteristics in Some Species of Mangifera L . ( Anacardiaceae ) in Thailand

– The leaf anatomical comparison of some species in genus Mangifera L . from Thailand, such as M . caloneura Kurz, M . camptosperma Pierre, M . duperreana Pierre, M . foetida Lour . , M . indica L . , M . odorata Griff . , M . pentandra Hook . f . and M . qaudrifida Jack in Roxb . was provided . The specimens were investigated by peeling method, clearing method and transverse sections of lamina and petiole from each species of plant, and conducted an examination under light microscope to determine their systematic significance in species delimitation and identification . The consistent anatomical characteristics in all species are i ) the typical cyclocytic and staurocytic stomata in adaxial and abaxial surfaces respectively; ii ) the amphistomatic leaves; iii ) the jigsaw shape with deeply undulate cell wall in adaxial epidermal cell; iv ) the presence of sunken peltate trichomes on lamina and midrib; v ) the presence of extension in bundle sheath to both surfaces; vi ) the presence of fiber at the apex of leaf margin, midrib and petiole; vii ) the presence of resin ducts; vii ) the presence of mucilaginous cells in epidermis and midrib; and viii ) the presence of prismatic crystals in mesophyll, midrib and petiole . In addition, the significantly anatomical features were useful for species delimitation which are as follows; i ) the shape of epidermal cell; ii ) the outline of leaf margin, midrib and petiole; iii ) the shape of epidermal cell at the apex of leaf margin; iv ) the layer of hypodermis; v ) the number of palisade cell layers in lamina; vi ) the presence of grouped fiber below sunken trichome; vii ) the distribution of peltate trichome; viii ) the presence of sclereid with ramiform - pitted in petiole; ix ) the inclusion in each organ e . g . mucilaginous cell, crystal and starch grain; and x ) the number of resin ducts in midrib and petiole .
Optimal Hardware Parameters Prediction for Best Energy-to-Solution of Sparse Matrix Operations Using Machine Learning Techniques

—Combinations of 3 hardware parameters (number of threads, core and uncore frequency) were tested for 4 sparse matrix algorithms (matrix-matrix addition, matrix-matrix multiplication and matrix-vector multiplication in 2 formats) on a set of over 2,000 matrices for the purpose of identifying the best energy-to-solution setting for each matrix and sparse matrix operation combination. On this set of data, the possibility of optimal hardware settings prediction based on the properties of each matrix were analysed using neural networks, support vector machines and fast decision tree learners. All 3 classes of algorithms have been proven to be a very effective instrument in a lot of areas including prediction and classiﬁcation. In neural networks, the input neurons represented properties of a given matrix, output neurons represented the optimal hardware parameters. Network properties (hidden neuron layers, neurons per layer, learning coefﬁcient and training cycles) impact on the prediction accuracy were analysed and the results showed that a network with 30 hidden neurons produced results close to the best achievable. The prediction accuracy of all neural networks ranged from 20–95%, with roughly 70% being the average. Support vector machines were accurate in 60–65% of cases and Fast decision tree learners provided the least accurate predictions, 50–55%.
A Context-Aware Malware Detection Based on Low-Level Hardware Indicators as a Last Line of Defense

—Malware detection is a very challenging task. Over the years, numerous approaches have been proposed: signature-based, anomaly-based, application-based, host-based and network-based solutions. One avenue that has been less considered is detecting malware by monitoring of low-level resources consumption (e.g., CPU, memory, network bandwidth, etc.). This can be considered as a last-line of defense. When everything else has failed, the monitoring of resources consumption may detect abnormal behaviors in realtime. This paper presents a context-aware malware detection approach that use semi-supervised machine learning and time-series analysis techniques in order to inspect the impact of ongoing events on the low-level indicators. In order to improve the systems automation and adaptability with various contexts, we have designed a context ontology that facilitates information representation, storage and retrieval. The proposed malware detection approach is complementary to the current malware detectors.
ADVANCEMENT IN NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

: Nanotechnology is considered to be an upcoming technology. Nanotechnology in the field of dentistry helps in diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Nanotechnology incorporates the usage of nanoparticles less than 100 nm. The usage of nanoparticles in restorative materials has increased the quality and life of dental restorations resulting in better oral care and hygiene. The technology helps in modifying the existing restorative material in terms of physical, chemical and biological aspects to improve their quality. Nanotechnology uses nanoparticles which are synthesized naturally from plants and chemically. The usage of specific nanoparticles is based on the properties and cytotoxic actions. Conventional GIC (Glass Ionomer Cement) and composites have been modified and improved in numerous ways by the addition of different nanoparticles. The restorative materials with nanoparticles currently used are nanocomposites, nano glass ionomers, nano adhesives and endodontic sealers. Nanotechnology is paving the way for recent advances in nanomaterials innovations. The advances of nanoparticles are helping the future of dentistry and production of new developments of materials with high quality. The main drawback faced in using nanoparticles is the toxicity produced by the nanoparticles but the demand for nano based dental material preparation has increased so there is a need for new nanomaterials. The review article provides an overview of the advancement of nanotechnology in restorative dentistry.
of Apoptosis -Independent Induction g -Dependent and IFN-g Lymphocyte Proliferation Through IFN-Nitric Oxide Suppresses Human T

Human normal and malignant T cells cease to proliferate, down-modulate Bcl-2 expression, and undergo apoptosis when cultured in the presence of NO-donor compounds (sodium nitroprusside and NOC12) for 48 h. At 72 h, cells that evade apoptosis start to proliferate again, overexpress both chains of the IFN- g R, and thus become susceptible to apoptosis in the presence of IFN- g . By contrast, in the presence of IFN- g , no apoptosis, but an increase of proliferation was displayed by control cultures of T cells not exposed to NO and not overexpressing IFN- g R chains. The NO-induced cell surface overexpression of IFN- g R chains did not affect the transduction of IFN- g -mediated signals, as shown by the expression of the transcription factor IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1). However, transduction of these signals was quantitatively modiﬁed, because IFN- g induces enhanced levels of caspase-1 effector death in NO-treated cells. These ﬁndings identify NO as one of the environmental factors that critically govern the response of T cells to IFN- g . By inducing the overexpression of IFN- g R chains, NO decides whether IFN- g promotes cell proliferation or the induction of apoptosis. The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 4182–4191.
Impacts on Database Performance in a Privacy-Preserving Biometric Authentication Scenario

—Nowadays, biometric data are more and more used within authentication processes. Such data are usually stored in databases and underlie inherent privacy concerns. Therefore, special attention should be paid to their handling. We propose an extension to an existing privacy preserving similarity veriﬁcation system. The Paillier scheme, being an asymmetric as well as additive homomorphic cryptography approach, enables signal processing in the encrypted domain operations. Amongst other modiﬁcations, we introduce a padding approach to increase entropy for better ﬁlling the co-domain. As a result, we combine the beneﬁts of signal processing in the encrypted domain with the advantages of salting. The concept of veriﬁcation of encrypted biometric data comes at the cost of increased computational effort in contrast to already available biometric systems. Nevertheless, this additional cost is in many scenarios justiﬁed by addressing that most currently available biometric authentication systems lack sufﬁcient privacy protection. In our evaluation, we focus on performance issues of the privacy-preserving biometric authentication scheme with respect to database response time. The results presented for different evaluations on the inﬂuence of numbers of users, template sizes, and cryptographic key lengths show that the increase in effort required caused by our extensions is negligible. Furthermore, our improved scheme lowers the error rates attached as well as it reduces the amount of data that is disclosed in an authentication attempt. Our work highlights that user-and privacy-centric approaches to authentication have become feasible in
Edinburgh Research Explorer "Parents’ experiences of caring for a young child with type 1 diabetes

Aims To synthesise the qualitative evidence on parents’ experiences of caring for a child aged ≤8 3 years with type 1 diabetes to identify: the challenges they encounter; their views about support 4 received; ways in which support could be improved; and, directions for future research. We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases to 7 identify qualitative studies reporting parents’ views and experiences of caring for a child with 8 type 1 diabetes aged ≤8 years. Key analytical themes were identified using thematic synthesis. Fourteen studies were included. The synthesis resulted in the generation of two overarching 11 themes. Monopolisation of life describes the all-encompassing impact diabetes could have on 12 parents due to the constant worry they experienced and the perceived need for vigilance. It 13 describes how parents’ caring responsibilities could affect their wellbeing, relationships and 14 finances, and how a lack of trusted sources of childcare and a desire to enable a ‘normal’ 15 childhood constrained personal choices and activities. However, use of diabetes technologies 16 could lessen some of these burdens. Experiences of professional and informal support 17 describes how encounters with healthcare professionals, while generally perceived as helpful, 18 could lead to frustration and anxiety, and how connecting with other parents caring for a child 19 with type 1 diabetes provided valued emotional and practical support. current literature and points to important areas for future research, including how sociodemographic factors and use of newer diabetes technologies influence parents’ management practices and
Comparative Study of Cellular Network Operators in Pakistan using SERVQUAL Model

T he purpose of this paper is to compare the service quality of two leading and competing cellular network brands of Pakistan, UFone and Mobilink using SERVQUAL model. Further, this study is aimed to explore the most quality oriented network in terms of customer satisfaction. Study is opted for a quantitative research design using close ended approach including 352 survey respondents with convenience and judgmental sampling technique. The participant of this study comprises of UFone and Mobilink subscribers. The data was collected using five point likert scale and analyzed using inferential and descriptive statistics i
Is the Recommended Dose of Efavirenz Optimal in Young West African Human Immunodeﬁciency Virus-Infected Children? (cid:1) ‡

We aimed in this study to describe efavirenz concentration-time courses in treatment-naïve children after once-daily administration to study the effects of age and body weight on efavirenz pharmacokinetics and to test relationships between doses, plasma concentrations, and efﬁcacy. For this purpose, efavirenz concentrations in 48 children were measured after 2 weeks of didanosine-lamivudine-efavirenz treatment, and samples were available for 9/48 children between months 2 and 5 of treatment. Efavirenz concentrations in 200 plasma specimens were measured using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed with NONMEM. The inﬂuence of individual characteristics was tested using a likelihood ratio test. The estimated minimal and maximal concentrations of efavirenz in plasma ( C min and C max , respectively) and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) were correlated to the decrease in human immunodeﬁciency virus type 1 RNA levels after 3 months of treatment. The threshold C min (and AUC) that improved efﬁcacy was determined. The target minimal concentration of 4 mg/liter was considered for toxicity. An optimized dosing schedule that would place the highest percentage of children in the interval of effective and nontoxic concentrations was simulated. The pharmacokinetics of efavirenz was best described by a one-compartment model with ﬁrst-order absorption and elimination. The mean apparent clearance and volume of distribution for efavirenz were 0.211 liter/h/kg and 4.48 liters/kg, respectively. Clearance decreased signiﬁcantly with age. When the recommended doses were given to 46 of the 48 children, 19% (44% of children weighing less than 15 kg) had C min s below 1 mg/liter. A signiﬁcantly higher percentage of children with C min s of >1.1 mg/liter or AUCs of >51 mg/liter (cid:1) h than of children with lower values had viral load decreases greater than 2 log 10 copies/ml after 3 months of treatment. Therefore, to optimize the percentage of children with C min s between 1.1 and 4 mg/liter, children should receive the following once-daily efavirenz doses: 25 mg/kg of body weight from 2 to 6 years, 15 mg/kg from 6 to 10 years, and 10 mg/kg from 10 to 15 years. These assumptions should be prospectively conﬁrmed.
A Probabilistic Approach to Syntactic Variation in Biblical Hebrew

T here is currently a disagreement in the ﬁeld of Hebrew Studies on the methods used to date individual books within the Hebrew Bible. An important question in this debate is if linguistic diﬀerences between the books are sig-niﬁcant enough to warrant a diachronic explana-tion. In this project, we seek to answer whether diﬀerences in syntax between the books are large enough to merit groupings into Standard or Late Biblical Hebrew. We use a statistical tool called Markov Chains, which models transition dependency in sequences. Our method takes into account word and phrase order for parts of speech, phrase functions, and phrase types. We then cluster the books based on their statistical similarities. Our results may corroborate key claims of the diachronic approach.
Studying the Application of Deep Learning to the Task of Key Estimation

In this thesis, we present, analyse and evaluate two approaches to the music information retrieval (MIR) task of audio key estimation using neural networks and basic deep learning techniques. Although the task has been addressed many times before and with a large variety of methods, few attempts have been made using this increasingly popular machine learning option. Through several experiments, we extract conclusions about the limitations of some of the current approaches, about what is relevant to key estimation and about the ways in which deep learning can successfully be applied to estimate key. We also set a few accuracy baselines in order to evaluate their performance and validate these conclusions. Our approaches surpass the template-based methods used in some MIR libraries such as Essentia, but struggle with a powerful machine learning techniques such as SVM. Finally, to put the acquired knowledge to use, we include a proposal for a hypothetical third approach in the future work section, specifying its most important features.
Coupling among electroencephalogram gamma signals on a short scale.

An important goal in neuroscience is to identify instances when EEG signals are coupled. We employ a method to measure the coupling strength between gamma signals (40–100 Hz) on a short time scale as the maximum cross-correlation over a range of time lags within a sliding variable-width window. Instances of coupling states among several signals are also identiﬁed, using a mixed multivariate beta distribution to model coupling strength across multiple gamma signals with reference to a common base signal. We ﬁrst apply our variable-window method to simulated signals and compare its performance to a ﬁxed-window approach. We then focus on gamma signals recorded in two regions of the rat hippocampus. Our results indicate that this may be a useful method for mapping coupling patterns among signals in EEG datasets.
on Dietary Reference Values for cobalamin ( vitamin B 12 )

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) derived Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for cobalamin (vitamin B12). The Panel considers that the approach based on a combination of biomarkers of cobalamin status, i.e. serum cobalamin, holotranscobalamin (holoTC), methylmalonic acid (MMA) and plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), is the most suitable approach to derive DRVs for cobalamin. The Panel notes the uncertainties with respect to cut-off values for cobalamin insufficiency of these indicators and that an Average Requirement (AR) cannot be determined from the limited data available. There is consistent evidence in adults that a cobalamin intake of 4 μg/day and greater is associated with serum concentrations of holoTC and cobalamin within the reference ranges derived from healthy subjects, together with MMA and tHcy concentrations below the cut-off values for adults, which indicates an adequate cobalamin status. Therefore, the Panel sets an Adequate Intake (AI) for cobalamin at 4 μg/day for adults based on data on different biomarkers of cobalamin status and in consideration of observed mean intakes, which range between 4.2 and 8.6 μg/day in adults in several EU countries. AIs for infants and children are calculated by extrapolation from the AI for adults using allometric scaling and applying a growth factor. Estimated AIs range from 1.5 μg/day in infants aged 7–11 months to 4 μg/day in children aged 15–17 years. For pregnancy and lactation, additional cobalamin intakes related to the accumulation of cobalamin in fetal tissues and transfer of cobalamin into breast milk are considered and AIs of 4.5 and 5 μg/day, respectively, are proposed. © European Food Safety Authority, 2015
Optimization and design of a morphing wing tip aircraft demonstrator for drag reduction at low speeds, Part II – Experimental validation using infra-red transition measurements during wind tunnel tests

In the present paper, an ‘in-house’ genetic algorithm was numerically and experimentally validated. The genetic algorithm was applied to an optimization problem for improving the aerodynamic performances of an aircraft wing tip through upper surface morphing. The optimization was performed for 16 ﬂight cases expressed in terms of various combinations of speeds, angles of attack and aileron deﬂections. The displacements resulted from the optimization were used during the wind tunnel tests of the wing tip demonstrator for the actuators control to change the upper surface shape of the wing. The results of the optimization of the ﬂow behavior for the airfoil morphing upper-surface problem were validated with wind tunnel experimental transition results obtained with infra-red Thermography on the wing-tip demonstrator. The validation proved that the 2D numerical optimization using the ‘in-house’ genetic algorithm was an appropriate tool in improving various aspects of a wing’s aerodynamic performances. Production
Some Options for the Muon Collider Capture and Decay Solenoids

This report discusses some of the problems associated with using solenoid magnets to capture the secondary particles that are created when an intense beam of 8 to 10 GeV protons interacts with the target at the center of the capture region. Hybrid capture solenoids with inductions of 28 T and a 22T are described. The first 14 to 15 T of the solenoid induction will be generated by a superconducting magnet. The remainder of the field will be generated by a Bitter type of water cooled solenoid. The capture solenoids include a transition section from the high field solenoid to a 7 T decay channel where pions and kaons that come off of the target decay into muons. A short 7 T solenoidal decay channel between the capture solenoid system and the phase rotation system is described. A concept for separation of negative and positive pions and kaons is briefly discussed.
A new three dimensional dissipative Boussinesq equation for Rossby waves and its multiple soliton solutions (cid:73)

A new three dimensional nonlinear dynamic theoretical model is derived from ﬂuid mechanics system. In this paper, From the quasi-geostrophic barotropic potential vorticity equation, we obtain a three dimensional dissipative Boussinesq equation by the reduced perturbation method, i.e. u tt + e 1 u xx + e 2 ( u 2 ) xx + e 3 u txy + e 4 u xxxx + e 5 u xxyy = 0. It is emphasized that the new equation is diﬀerent from the existing Boussinesq equations, which describe the three dimensional nonlinear Rossby waves in the atmosphere. Moreover, we explore the dispersion relation of the linear wave through the new equation. Using the trial function and auxiliary equation method, the two kinds of soliton solutions of the equation are obtained successfully. Finally, the formation mechanism of Rossby waves is discussed by multiple soliton solutions.
Secure transmission of visual image in the VTS system using fingerprinting Bezpieczne przesyłanie obrazu wizyjnego w systemach VTS z wykorzystaniem fingerprintingu

In order to maintain a high level of security in areas where vessel traffic services operate, there is a great use of industrial cameras, which transmit information to the VTS controllers. Two very important elements of the video image transmission are speed and confidentiality of the transmitted data. Currently, one of the major problems in front of such systems is to choose an appropriate method for safe image transmission that meets the requirements of speed and confidentiality. There is the possibility of using the tools of computer science known as fingerprints.
Structural and genetic characterization of Escherichiacoli O99 antigen

O-antigen is part of the lipopolysaccharide present in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and contributes the major antigenic variability to the cell surface. Screening for the Escherichia coli O-serogroup is the conventional method for identifying E. coli clones. In this study, we investigated the structural characteristics of the E. coli O99 O-antigen and the organization of the genes involved in its synthesis. On the basis of sugar and methylation analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy data, we established the structure of the branched hexasaccharide repeat unit of the O-polysaccharide. This unit consists of four D -rhamnose ( D -Rha) moieties in the backbone and two D -glucose ( D -Glc) moieties in the side chain, as shown below: The O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O99, which was located between galF and gnd , was found to contain putative genes for the synthesis of D -Rha, genes encoding sugar transferases, and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes ( wzm and wzt ). Our ﬁndings indicate that in E. coli O99, the synthesis and translocation of the O-antigen occurs by an ABC transporter-dependent process.