Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1-Transistor-1-Memristor Multilevel Memory Cell

CMOS-hybrids with memristors is an upcoming memory technology with advantages like high-density, non-volatility, and low power consumption. Conventional memory applications and logic devices require the memristor to exhibit resistive switching threshold, while neuromorphic computing and analog applications require that the memristor be precisely tuned to a certain value. Memory density can be increased by realizing memory cells that can store more than 2 levels, i.e., multiple bits per cell. Realizing a multi-level memory cell using only one memristor falls into the category of analog application and hence, requires gradual resistance tuning (GRT). This paper proposes GRT based one-transistor-one-memristor (1T1M) multi-level memory cell. Designed and simulated in UMC 180nm technology with memristor modeled using VTEAM [7], an 8 Kbits memory is realized as a 64$\times$64 memory array using the proposed 1T1M-memory cell (2-bits/cell). The proposed architecture has the advantages of zero-static power dissipation, low transient power consumption during read and write, and non-destructive read operations. The proposed 1T1M-memory cell can be extended to store more than 2-bits with high-accuracy sense amplifiers.
Evidence for an oncogenic role of HOXC6 in human non-small cell lung cancer

Background Identification of specific biomarkers is important for the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). HOXC6 is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that is highly expressed in several human cancers; however, its role in NSCLC remains unknown. Methods The expression and protein levels of HOXC6 were assessed in NSCLC tissue samples by Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. HOXC6 was transfected into the NSCLC cell lines A549 and PC9, and used to investigate its effect on proliferation, migration, and invasion using CFSE, wound healing, and Matrigel invasion assays. Next-generation sequencing was also used to identify downstream targets of HOXC6 and to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying its biological function. Results HOXC6 expression was significantly increased in 66.6% (20/30) of NSCLC tumor samples in comparison to normal controls. HOXC6 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro. RNA-seq analysis demonstrated the upregulation of 310 and 112 genes in A549-HOXC6 and PC9-HOXC6 cells, respectively, and the downregulation of 665 and 385 genes in A549-HOXC6 and PC9-HOXC6 cells, respectively. HOXC6 was also found to regulate the expression of genes such as CEACAM6, SPARC, WNT6, CST1, MMP2, and KRT13, which have documented pro-tumorigenic functions. Discussion HOXC6 is highly expressed in NSCLC, and it may enhance lung cancer progression by regulating the expression of pro-tumorigenic genes involved in proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our study highlighted the oncogenic potential of HOXC6, and suggests that it may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
A Hubble Astrometry Initiative: Laying the Foundation for the Next-Generation Proper-Motion Survey of the Local Group

High-precision astrometry throughout the Local Group is a unique capability of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), with potential for transformative science, including constraining the nature of dark matter, probing the epoch of reionization, and understanding key physics of galaxy evolution. While Gaia will provide unparalleled astrometric precision for bright stars in the inner halo of the Milky Way, HST is the only current mission capable of measuring accurate proper motions for systems at greater distances (> 80 kpc), which represents the vast majority of galaxies in the Local Group. The next generation of proper-motion measurements will require long time baselines, spanning many years to decades and possibly multiple telescopes, combining HST with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) or the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST). However, the current HST allocation process is not conducive to such multi-cycle/multi-mission science, which will bear fruit primarily over many years. We propose an HST astrometry initiative to enable long-time-baseline, multi-mission science, which we suggest could be used to provide comprehensive kinematic measurements of all dwarf galaxies and high surface-density stellar streams in the Local Group with HST's Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) or Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). Such an initiative not only would produce forefront scientific results within the next 5 years of HST's life, but also would serve as a critical anchor point for future missions to obtain unprecedented astrometric accuracy, ensuring that HST leaves a unique and lasting legacy for decades to come.
Time-Bridge Estimators of Integrated Variance

We present a set of log-price integrated variance estimators, equal to the sum of open-high-low-close bridge estimators of spot variances within $n$ subsequent time-step intervals. The main characteristics of some of the introduced estimators is to take into account the information on the occurrence times of the high and low values. The use of the high's and low's of the bridge associated with the original process makes the estimators significantly more efficient that the standard realized variance estimators and its generalizations. Adding the information on the occurrence times of the high and low values improves further the efficiency of the estimators, much above those of the well-known realized variance estimator and those derived from the sum of Garman and Klass spot variance estimators. The exact analytical results are derived for the case where the underlying log-price process is an It\^o stochastic process. Our results suggests more efficient ways to record financial prices at intermediate frequencies.
Affordable Open-Source Quartz Microbalance Platform for Measuring the Layer Thickness

The layer thickness measurement process is an indispensable companion of vacuum sputtering and evaporation. Thus, quartz crystal microbalance is a well-known and reliable method for monitoring film thickness. However, most commercial devices use very simple signal processing methods, offering only a readout of the frequency change value and an approximate sputtering rate. Here, we show our concept of instrument, to better control the process parameters and for easy replication. The project uses open-source data and its own ideas, fulfilling all the requirements of a measuring system and contributing to the open-source movement due to the added value and the replacement of obsolete technologies with contemporary ones. The device provides an easy way to expand existing sputtering machines with a proper controller based on our work. The device described in the paper can be easily used in need, being a proven project of a fast, inexpensive, and reliable thin-film thickness monitor.
Investigation of Lonicera japonica Flos against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Network Integration and Experimental Validation

Background and objective: Lonicera japonica Flos (LJF) is a well-known traditional herbal medicine that has been used as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antipyretic agent. The potent anti-inflammatory and other ethnopharmacological uses of LJF make it a potential medicine for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This research is to explore the mechanisms involved in the activity of LJF against NAFLD using network integration and experimental pharmacology. Materials and methods: The possible targets of LJF involved in its activity against NAFLD were predicted by matching the targets of the active components in LJF with those targets involved in NAFLD. The analysis of the enrichment of GO functional annotations and KEGG pathways using Metascape, followed by constructing the network of active components–targets–pathways using Cytoscape, were carried out to predict the targets. Molecular docking studies were performed to further support the involvement of these targets in the activity of LJF against NAFLD. The shortlisted targets were confirmed via in vitro studies in an NAFLD cell model. Results: A total of 17 active components in LJF and 29 targets related to NAFLD were predicted by network pharmacology. Molecular docking studies of the main components and the key targets showed that isochlorogenic acid B can stably bind to TNF-α and CASP3. In vitro studies have shown that LJF down-regulated the TNF-α and CASP3 expression in an NAFLD cell model. Conclusions: These results provide scientific evidence for further investigations into the role of LJF in the treatment of NAFLD.
A CYANOACETYLENE STUDY OF THE MOLECULAR DISK IN STAR FORMING REGIONS

We have observed dense core around young stellar objects, DR21, S140, Orion-KL, and L1551 using four millimeter-wave transitions of =4-3, J=5-4, J=10-9, and J=12-11. The spatial distribution of emission closely resembles the morphology of the previous CS observations that trace high density gas. These observations reveal the existence of dense cores around central IR source, elliptical in shape and almost perpendicular to the CO bipolar outflow axis. Small differences can be explained by that molecular line is more optically thin and is seen to be more detailed structure in the neighborhood of central IR sources. In S140 and Orion-KL, massive(), slowly rotating dense cores lie near at the central IR sources of bipolar outflows. The velocity channel maps of DR21 show that the bipolar outflow gas may have a correlation with the dense core of DR21. We analyzed intensities of the four lines to derive physical conditions in dense core from two methods, LTE and LVG. The column density of , , between LTE and LVG calculations agree well with each other. The abundances of in each observing source have been estimated using the average values of and and assuming the size of dense core. The fractional abundances in massive dense cores of DR21, S140, and Orion-KL have a range of , while that of low mass dense core, L1551, has one order of magnitude greater value of . This should be considered good agreement with the result by Morris et al.(1976). It may be considered that dense cores of DR21, S140, and Orion-KL may have almost same stage of chemical evolution, and their abundances have a small values relative to that of L1551. The column density decreases with increasing distance from the densest part of the cloud, the central infrared source, and have the relation of , where a has a range of 0.65 to 0.89. The values of are not varied with increasing distance from the dense core, and have almost same values. Therefore, it is considered that the dense cores in these regions probably consist of dense clumps in diffuse molecular gas medium, and of each clump is . Levels in the increases with . It is considered that the dense cores are not completely thermalized. We examine the relationships between the luminosity of central infrared sources versus mass of the dense cores, and the luminosity of central infrared sources versus molecular hydrogen column density. Luminosities of the central IR sources show good correlation with mass and hydrogen column density of the dense core. Same has been found from CS observations. However, mass and size derived from observations are one order of magnitude smaller than those from CS. It can be interpreted that we see more central part of the cloud cores in lines than CS lines.
Backward Analysis for Higher-Order Functions Using Inverse Images

Abstract : We propose a method for performing backward analysis on higher--order functional programming languages based on computing inverse images of functions over abstract domains. This method can be viewed as abstract interpretation done backward. Given an abstract semantics which supports forward analysis, we can transform it into an abstract semantics which performs backward analysis. We show that if the original abstract semantics is correct and computable, then the transformed version of the abstract semantics is also correct and computable. More specifically, given a forward abstract semantics of a higher--order functional language which is expressed in terms of Scott--closed powerdomains, we derive an backward abstraction semantics which is expressed in terms of Scott--open powerdomains. The derivation is shown to be correct and the relationships between forward analysis and backward analysis is established. We apply this method to the classic strictness analysis in functional languages.
Strain-Rate Effect on Anisotropic Deformation Characterization and Material Modeling of High-Strength Aluminum Alloy Sheet

Aluminum alloy sheets are widely applied as structure components in automotive, aircraft and other industries to realize lightweight. Nowadays, many high strain rate forming techniques have been developed to improve their formability and widen their application. To ensure the reliability of the aluminum alloy structure components under high strain rate conditions, it is imperative to develop a thorough understanding of the alloy’s mechanical properties. In this paper, taking high-strength 6XXX aluminum alloy sheet as an example, the anisotropic deformation characterization and corresponding material models at various strain-rate conditions are investigated systematically. The material hardening curves and anisotropic plastic yielding stresses were achieved based on the quasi-static uniaxial tensile test and the split Hopkinson tensile bar tests. In this study, the Johnson–Cook hardening model and two anisotropic yield functions are applied to well describe the strain-rate-dependent anisotropic plastic deformation behavior. In addition, the fractographic characterization of the fractured samples at various strain-rate conditions are measured and compared. The study systematically investigates the influence of strain rate on the anisotropic deformation behavior of the high-strength aluminum alloy sheets and gives the basic experimental data for their application in engineering fields in the future.
Enhancing User Experience of Eye-Controlled Systems: Design Recommendations on the Optimal Size, Distance and Shape of Interactive Components from the Perspective of Peripheral Vision

For special populations with motor impairments, eye-controlled interaction may be the only way for them to communicate with the outside world. Because of the dominance of vision in the motor mechanism, eye-controlled interaction has high usability and important research value. During eye-controlled interaction, the visual channel needs to receive information from the graphical user interface (GUI) and transmit the user’s eye-controlled instructions, which overburdens the visual channel and reduces the efficiency of eye-controlled interaction. This study presents an ergonomic experiment to study how to design interactive GUI components in an eye-controlled user interface. The experiments were conducted based on the shape, size, and distance (from the object to the center of the screen) of the visual interactive components. The experiment comprised three parts: (1) the pre-experiment determined the evaluation index and selected the icon material; (2) the formal experiment was a three-factor within-subjects experiment, which included a search task using participants’ peripheral vision; and (3) after the experiment, subjective evaluations were conducted using a questionnaire. The results showed that the shape, size, and distance of the interactive object significantly affected the reaction time, and the size factor significantly affected the movement time of the eye-controlled interaction. Finally, combined with the results of the subjective evaluation, we concluded that the recommended sizes of the interactive components were 2.889°, 3.389°, and 3.889°, and the recommended distances were 5.966° and 8.609°. Additionally, designers should utilize components with simple concrete shapes as much as possible to improve user recognition efficiency. Our study provides enlightening recommendations on how to design components in eye-controlled interactive interfaces, and has great guiding significance for building design standards of the eye-controlled systems.
Influence of teleconnection patterns on global moisture transport during peak precipitation month

Teleconnection patterns are an important feature influencing the variability of moisture transport. This study explores the influence of the Arctic, Antarctic, Pacific‐North American, and El Niño–Southern Oscillations on moisture transport from major oceanic and continental moisture sources during the peak precipitation month. The positive phase of the Pacific‐North American teleconnection pattern increases the influence of Pacific Ocean moisture on western North America, while the negative phase increases the influence of Atlantic Ocean moisture over eastern North America, with differences between phases higher than 1.5 mm·day−1 over most of the area when the sources are the preferred. The positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation increases the importance of the Mediterranean as a source of moisture for western Europe while the negative phase increases the importance of the North Atlantic as a source with contribution increased in more than 2 mm·day−1 over Europe. The positive phase of the Antarctic Oscillation favours the contribution from the western Indian basin over eastern Africa, while in the negative phase the contribution from the southern Pacific is increased over northwestern Africa. For El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the main influence occurs over South America during El Niño events, increasing the moisture contributions from the South Pacific Ocean over southern South America and from South Atlantic over southeastern Brazil. El Niño events also increase the moisture transport from the North Atlantic over western Europe and from the North Pacific over North America. In contrast, La Niña events increase moisture contributions from the Pacific over Central America and northern South America, being the latter the area when higher differences between phases are observed.
Design Wideband Differential Bandpass Filter Using Slotline Surface Plasmon Polaritons

In this paper, a novel wideband differential bandpass filter (BPF) with slotline surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is proposed. It consists of a pair of differential microstrip-to-slotline transition, a slotline-to-SPP transition with subwavelength gradient grooves, and a slotline SPP waveguide, which supports the TEM, TE, and SPP modes, respectively. The dispersion and transmission characteristics of the proposed hybrid SPP structure are analyzed under differential-mode (DM) and common-mode (CM) operations and applied to design wideband differential filter. To validate the design concept, a filter sample has been designed, fabricated, and measured. Both simulated and measured results prove its good performance including a wide 3-dB fractional bandwidth of 147.6% centered at 4.2 GHz (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f} _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), a wide DM upper stopband to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.8\,\,{f} _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{21}^{\textrm {dd}} < -30$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB), and a wide 40-dB CM suppression from 0.1 to 20 GHz.
Inhibition of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Alleviates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Modulating Macrophage Polarization

Macrophage accumulation and activation contribute to the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), while Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an important regulator for the activation and polarization of macrophage. However, the role of BTK in PAH remains unknown. In the present study, a selective BTK inhibitor (BTKi) BGB-3111 was applied to investigate the role of BTK in monocrotaline- (MCT-) induced PAH rat and phorbol myristate acetate- (PMA-) differentiated U937 macrophages. Our results showed that BTK was mainly distributed and upregulated in CD68+ macrophages in the lungs of PAH rats. Daily treated with BTKi BGB-3111 alleviated MCT-induced PAH, as indicated by the decrease in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), attenuation in right ventricle hypertrophy and pulmonary vascular remodeling, reduction in perivascular collagen deposition, as well as inhibition of inflammation and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in the lung. Moreover, BTK inhibition suppressed MCT-induced recruitment of macrophages, especially the classical activated macrophages (M1) in the lung. In vitro, BGB-3111 significantly suppressed lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced M1 polarization and proinflammatory cytokine production in U937-derived macrophages. The underlying mechanism is associated with the inhibition of NF-κB/MAPK pathways and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor with pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Furthermore, macrophage conditioned medium (CM) from LPS-induced M1 macrophages promoted migration and EndMT of HPAECs, while CM from BGB-3111-pretreated LPS-induced M1 macrophages failed to induce this response. These findings suggest that BTK inhibition alleviates PAH by regulating macrophage recruitment and polarization and may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PAH.
Effects of petal misalignment errors on radiation pattern of deployable reflectors

ABSTRACT As one source type of random surface errors, misalignment errors usually lead to petal rigid body rotation or translation for petal-type deployable reflectors, which deteriorate petal-type surface from its ideal parabolic shape. To evaluate the effects of misalignment errors on antenna performance, a novel method is proposed to reveal the degradation of petal misalignment errors on average radiation pattern for petal-type deployable reflectors. Based on coordinate transformations, the surface deviation from ideal parabolic shape caused by petal misalignment errors is introduced into an explicit far-field formula, which promotes the far-field formula as explicit functions of petal misalignment displacements in this novel method. By assuming Gaussian distribution of misalignment errors, the average radiation patterns with varying standard deviations of petal misalignment errors are obtained. Compared with the existing methods of random error characterisation, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. Simulations show that among the petal misalignment errors, both the petal rigid body rotation around hinge link axis and translation along boresight direction provide deterioration effects on antenna radiation pattern, and the proposed method can provide design guidelines for hinge structural design.
Improved Neural Network Algorithm Based Flow Characteristic Curve Fitting for Hydraulic Turbines

One of the most important characteristic curves in the economic operation of hydropower plants is the turbine flow characteristic curve, which illustrates the law of fluctuation between the characteristic parameters of the turbine under various operating situations. This article proposes an IPSO-LSTM-based refinement method for fitting the turbine flow characteristic curve using deep learning methods, and verifies the effectiveness of the method by comparison to solve the problem that traditional mathematical fitting methods are difficult to meet the requirements of today’s many complex working conditions. Firstly, a deep LSTM network model is established based on the input and output quantities, and then the IPSO method is used to find the optimum number of neurons, the learning rate and the maximum number of iterations of the LSTM units in the network model and other key parameters to determine the relevant training parameters. The results show that the model can effectively improve the accuracy of fitting and predicting the turbine flow characteristics, which is of great significance to the study of the economic operation of hydropower plants and the non-linear characteristics of the turbine.