Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new decade for social changes

Indonesia’s characteristics as an archipelagic state along with the increase of traditional and non-traditional threats in Indonesia require the ownership of military amphibious aircraft to oversee its maritime territories and perform logistics distribution to remote areas with minimum accessibility, especially its outermost islands. This study applied a combination of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Political, Economic, Social, Techonology, Environment, and Legal (PESTEL) and Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT) analysis to conduct a structured, systematic, measurable, and comprehensive decision-making process for selecting military amphibious aircraft and prescribe strategic recommendations on the acquisition plan. By 837 Technium Social Sciences Journal Vol. 27, 837-853, January, 2022 ISSN: 2668-7798 www.techniumscience. com
Comparison of Pre-service Elementary Teachers’ Mathematical Knowledge in Teaching for Length Measurement: Turkey and the United States

Comparison of Mathematical Knowledge in ABSTRACT This study investigates pre-service elementary teachers ’ mathematical knowledge in teaching for length measurement. More specifically, this study compares the foundation and transformation knowledge of pre-service elementary teachers from Turkey and the United States. The current study examines similarities and differences between them by applying the codes of the Knowledge Quartet model with 40 pre-service teachers selected from Turkey and the United States. This study used a test assessing pre-service teachers ’ mathematical knowledge in teaching about the students ’ mistakes, difficulties, misconceptions, the reasons for them, and their strategies to overcome them related to the topic of length measurement. The findings indicated that while US pre-service teachers had more secure foundation knowledge in identifying the possible errors, Turkish pre-service teachers showed greater foundation knowledge in identifying the possible reasons for these errors. On the other hand, the pre-service teachers in both countries have similar transformation knowledge to suggest strategies to correct students ’ errors. These findings might provide some insights about how pre-service teachers ’ mathematical knowledge may be similar or different in different countries. Furthermore, these similarities and differences might help researchers and teacher educators emphasize the importance of the quality of teacher education programs. that has specifically compared the mathematical knowledge in teaching of pre-service elementary teachers from Turkey and the United States. To gain an insight into underlying reasons why Turkey is a low or the United States is a high country, we on pre-service elementary teachers ’ mathematical knowledge in about possible related to the of measurement, the for them, well as their to these this this to the
A preliminary water footprint assessment of copper production in China

Scarcer water resources, stricter water regulations, decline in ore grade and increasing controversy on water use between local communities and mining operators have raised awareness of good water stewardship as being vital to running commercially viable mining operations. Water footprint assessment (WFA) is a holistic methodological framework that allows detailed quantification of direct and indirect water use in different sectors at various spatial and temporal scales. The ultimate aim of this study is to identify water footprint (WF) reduction targets, formulate response strategies to minimize water consumption and pollution and therefore improve the environmental, social and economic sustainability of the mining processes. The assessment will eventually serve as a model for other mines in northern China with water scarcity issues. The paper describes the preliminary WFA of copper cathodes, with particular emphasis on the methodology, approach, degree of details and areas for consideration. It focuses from ore extraction to final discharge to the river. Significant WF contribution is found in the process rather than the supply chain. The explorative approach applied in this real case scenario and the findings contribute to the literature body of the WFA field. This case study can provide helpful guidance for WFA practitioners when applying this methodological framework in addressing particular issues in mining processes.
ECONOMIC GROWTH AND EMISSIONS: TESTING THE ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE HYPOTHESIS FOR ECOWAS COUNTRIES.1

The objective of this paper is to establish whether the estimated relationship between environmental degradation and per capita income corroborates the inverted U-shape hypothesis as exemplified by the Environmental Kuznets curves (EKCs) in selected ECOWAS countries. Considering two variants of emissions-sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and using panel fixed and random effects estimation techniques, the study indicates the existence of EKCs for the two variants of environmental quality. Experimentation with augmented quadratic equations, however, does not in some cases produce consistent results for SO2; while cubic polynomial forms suggest N-shaped EKCs for CO2.The turning points estimated for the two indicators of environmental quality are relatively low, which suggests a demonstration of the low level of development in the sub-region that may be related to high incidence of poverty. The major drivers of SO2 in the subregion are fuel processing and fuel combustion led by Nigeria. For CO2 emissions, it is driven by rapid population growth that is equally induced by Nigeria. The polity variable which interacted significantly with the income variable to create the inverted-U shape EKC signals the importance of public institutions in the enhancement of environmental quality. Although ECOWAS countries may have benefited from early learning effects and environmental awareness, the implication is that policymakers must be proactive to sustain the current trend as the region enters the phase of industrialization and may not necessarily wait for a long time to improve environmental conditions as is the case with developed countries. This can be accomplished by using environmental tax instruments such as fuel tax which has been advised to be progressive for some African countries. By way of recommendation, a functional population policy should be implemented particularly in Nigeria. JEL Classification: I15, O13, O44, Q50, Q53
Recycling of materials to reduce embodied energy consumption in the redevelopment of urban areas

Whilst the size of many cities around the world is increasing, there is also an imperative for urban areas to minimise their environmental impact. One way to reconcile these opposing trends is by the densification of cities. Urban areas can be redeveloped into more compact configurations which accommodate a greater population and use existing infrastructure. New compact dwelling forms will also be more energy efficient thereby lowering energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the redevelopment process uses additional energy by virtue of construction activities and the energy embodied in new building materials. This paper describes future projections for the redevelopment of an existing suburb of Adelaide, Australia and models energy consumption including embodied energy. It shows that with certain demolition and redevelopment rates, embodied energy is significant and may negate energy savings made in new energy efficient dwellings. However, there is some potential for reducing this embodied energy by a much greater use of recycled materials from demolished buildings.
DISTRIBUTED SCRUM WHEN TURNING INTO MAINTENANCE : A SINGLE CASE STUDY

Global software development using agile methods is commonplace in software industry nowadays. Scrum, as the agile development management framework, can be distributed in many ways, especially concerning how the key roles are presented in different sites. We describe here a single case study of a distributed Scrum, mainly for maintenance of the already constructed web portal. Using a qualitative method, both working well and challenging parts of the software work, as experienced by the project stakeholders, are revealed and discussed.
CXCR4-dependent macrophage-to-fibroblast signaling contributes to cardiac diastolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Rationale: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) can arise from hypertension‐induced cardiac remodeling. Monocyte/macrophage accumulation and inflammation are crucial elements in the pathogenesis of hypertension-induced cardiac remodeling. The C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a critical regulator of the macrophage-mediated immune response. Nevertheless, the contribution of CXCR4 to macrophage phenotype and function during the progression of HFpEF remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to determine the role of macrophagic CXCR4 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods: As a HFpEF model, wild type mice and myeloid-specific CXCR4 deficiency mice were subjected to pressure overload for 30 days to assess the function of macrophagic CXCR4 on cardiac function. Medium from macrophages was used to treat cardiac fibroblasts to study macrophage-to-fibroblast signaling. Results: We found circulatory CXCR4+ immune cells, mainly monocytes, markedly increased in HFpEF patients with hypertension. In the experimental HFpEF mice model, macrophages but not neutrophils represent the main infiltrating inflammatory cells in the heart, abundantly expressing CXCR4. Myeloid-specific CXCR4 deficient impeded macrophage infiltration and inflammatory response in the heart of HFpEF mice, thus ameliorating cardiac fibrosis and improving cardiac diastolic function. Furthermore, transcriptomic profiling data revealed that CXCR4 loss in macrophages exhibited a decreased transcriptional signature associated with the regulation of inflammatory response. Notably, CXCR4 significantly augmented chemokine (C‑X‑C) motif ligand (CXCL3) expression, which at least partly contributed to fibrosis by promoting myofibroblast differentiation. Mechanistically, the increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in CXCR4 expressed macrophages could be attributed to the suppression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activity. Conclusions: Collectively, our data supported that the infiltration of CXCR4+ macrophages in the heart exacerbates hypertension-induced diastolic function by promoting pro-inflammatory cytokines production and thus may serve as a potential therapeutic target for hypertension-induced HFpEF.
PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHERS TOWARD GAME-BASED PROGRAMMING TOOLS IN K-12 CLASSROOMS

In recent years, game-based programming tools (GBPTs) such as Lightbot, Cargo-Bot, and Run Marco have been developed to help children worldwide better understand programming concepts through an interesting, enjoyable and visualizable programming learning experience. However, in-service teachers’ perceptions regarding the use of these game-based programming tools in K-12 instruction have received little attention. To understand the perceptions of teachers, this study integrated perceived enjoyment into the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to explore the factors that influence the intentions of K-12 in-service teachers to use game-based programming tools in their instructional tasks. Thirty Chinese teachers in elementary and secondary schools were invited to finish at least one hour of code tutorial at the code.org site, and then undertake a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. We applied the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique to analyze the extended TAM model. Results demonstrated that teachers’ behavioral intention was determined by their attitudes toward using GBPTs. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use had a significant and positive influence on teachers’ attitudes. In addition, the results also indicated that perceived enjoyment has a significant influence on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, but no significant effect on the attitude of teachers regarding the use of GBPTs. Based on these findings, enjoyment can be considered as a determinant that influences teachers’ perceptions toward using GBPTs in K-12 programming education. Some pedagogical and research implications are also presented.
A Comparison of Policy Gradient Methods for Multitask Learning

This paper compares two policy gradient methods using multitask learning (MTL) on the Atari visual environments. These environments are complex and take millions of time steps to learn. This paper investigates Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C) and Proximal Policy Optimization’s (PPO) performance on one, two and four tasks from the Arcade Learning Environment. The results show that agents trained with both PPO and A2C have improved performance when trained on multiple tasks when compared to a single task. PPO showed the most consistent improvement and scored the best overall. However, A2C’s improved the most on average compared to its baseline. This shows that the trust-region approximation of PPO may not be as beneficial in MTL as in a single task.
The effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, benzyl amino purin and cupric sulphate on in vitro propagation system from shoot apices of shoot tiller of hybrid Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)

An efficient micropropagation method of hybrid Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureumn Schum) for in vitro plant production and material breeding was established from multiple-shoot clumps (MCS) regeneration system. This system was important for forage breeding system. Shoot apices from shoot-tillers produced MSC on Murashige-Skoog (MS) induction medium containing several combinations of BAP and 2,4-D in induction stage. The addition of 5 μM (v/v) and 50 μM (v/v) CuSO4 were added in best medium for inoculation to proliferate the clump in proliferation/multiplication stage. Plant regeneration was achieved by culturing on solid MS with several combination of medium containing NAA and BAP in regeneration stage. The best results for induction were Murashige-Skoog (MS) induction medium containing 2 mgL−1 BAP and 0.1 mgL−1 2,4-D. The proliferation stage on MS medium containing 5 μM CuSÜ4 effective for proliferation (50% multiple shoot formation). The regeneration stage using 0.1 mgL−1 NAA and 2.0 mgL−1 BAP (51.6% number of shoot can regenerate). All plantlets were successfully grown up in an acclimatization stage. Based on the results, the hybrid Napier grass regeneration via MSC was a stable tissue culture system (no albino plats), which could be applied either for further genetic transformation assay or for alternative supply of nursery plant in the future.
DSS-TRM: deep spatial–spectral transformer for hyperspectral image classification

ABSTRACT In recent years, the wide use of deep learning based methods has greatly improved the classification performance of hyperspectral image (HSI). As an effective method to improve the performance of deep convolution networks, attention mechanism is also widely used for HSI classification tasks. However, the majority of the existing attention mechanisms for HSI classification are based on the convolution layer, and the classification accuracy still has margins for improvement. Motivated by the latest self attention mechanism in natural language processing, a deep transformer is proposed for HSI classification in this paper. Specifically, deep transformer along the spectral dimension and the spatial dimension are explored respectively. Then, a deep spatial-spectral transformer (DSS-TRM) is proposed to improve the classification performance of HSI. The contribution of this paper is to make full use of self attention mechanism, that is to use transformer layer instead of convolution layer. More importantly, a DSS-TRM is proposed to realize end-to-end HSI classification. Extensive experiments are conducted on three HSI data sets. The experimental results demonstrates that the proposed DSS-TRM could outperform the traditional convolutional neural networks and attention based methods.
Treatment of Atrophic Acne Scars with Platelet Rich Plasma Gel and Micro-needling

Background: Following the advancements in the treatment of acne, post-acne scarring is still a widespread problem. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel is one formulation with beneficial biological or medicinal qualities that aid in the management of post-acne scarring. Objective: It was the goal of this work to evaluate the utilization of treatment of post-acne scars with micro-needling and plasma gel. Patients and Methods: Patients with post-acne scars were recruited from the university hospital's dermatology and venereology outpatient clinic. Our study was based on 23 patients (8 males= 34.8%, 15 females= 68.2%) having 3 skin types (II, III, IV); skin type III patients representing 56.2% of total patients, most of these patients have scars for less than 10 years. Dermapen has been done to the face then the PRP gel has been applied combined with microneedling to the post-acne scars. We performed four sessions of the previous treatment with two weeks intervals then one month’s follow-up. Results: The baron, as well as Goodman scale improvement significantly post-treated with Platelet Rich Plasma Gel Combined with micro-needling, where 69.6% of cases become grade1 post-treatment, drop grade 3 to be (8.7%) post-treatment compared to (47.8%) pre-treatment the difference statistically significant p=0.022. Furthermore, all grade4 fade out post-treatment p=0.008. Conclusion: Dermapen combined with plasma gel is a promising effective therapeutic modality for atrophic acne scars.
Serum MicroRNA-96 As a Potential Diagnostic Marker in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women and the fifth leading cause of global cancer mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators in the oncogenesis process and the identification of tumorspecific circulating miRNAs could be used for the early detection of cancer. We aimed to investigate the expression pattern of microRNA 96 (miR-96) and explore its diagnostic potential in breast cancer. This study comprised 30 treatment-naïve female patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer and 20 healthy volunteers as the control group. MicroRNA 96 (miR-96) expression was measured in serum samples using Reverse Transcription Quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic value of miR-96 was analyzed with the Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Our results show that miR-96 was significantly upregulated in breast cancer cases compared to control subjects (P<0.05). MiR-96 showed a significant diagnostic clinical value with the area under the curve (AUC) 0.959, 100% sensitivity, and 95.2% specificity. In conclusion, the current study implies that serum miR-96 may be a valuable and promising diagnostic marker for the early detection of breast cancer. Future studies are needed to investigate the potential role of miR-96 in predicting prognosis and monitoring response to treatment. Additionally, further research is required to study the feasibility of silencing miR-96 using antagomirs for the management of breast cancer.
A look at photodynamic inactivation as a tool for pests and vector-borne diseases control

The control of pests and vector-borne diseases (VDBs) are considered public health issues Worldwide. Among the control techniques and pesticides used so far, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been shown as an eco-friendly, low cost, and efficient approach to eliminate pests and VDBs. PDI is characterized using a photosensitizing molecule, light and molecular oxygen (O2) resulting in production of reactive oxidative species which can promote the oxidation of biomolecules on pests and vectors. Herein, we review the past 51 years (1970–2021) regarding the use of photo pesticides, reporting the most important parameters for the protocol applied, the results obtained, and limitations. Moreover, we described the mechanism of action of the PDI, main classes of photopesticides used so far as well as the cell death mechanism resulting from the photodynamic action.
Structural Characteristics of EV Li-ion Batteries Recycling Supply Chain Network

With the rapid increase in the decommissioning of the EV Li-ion batteries (EV-LIBs), the EV-LIBs recycling industry is growing dramatically. Based on the realistic supply relationship data of major firms in the EV-LIBs recycling industry, this paper uses the complex network theory to construct a global firm-level EV-LIBs recycling supply chain (EV-LIBs-RSC) network and analyze the structural characteristics of the EV-LIBs-RSC network from the network level. Specifically, The degree distribution, average degree, overall density, average shortest path length, and community structure of EV-LIBs-RSC network are systematically analyzed. The relevant results can assist the government in proposing appropriate industrial policies.
Development and testing of a light dimming control using arduino uno

Increasing population and human needs have an impact on increasing the need for electrical energy. One of them is for lighting needs. Therefore, it is necessary to save the lighting system so that energy consumption is minimum and the need for lighting is optimal, by controlling light dimming. This paper presents an implementation and testing of a dimming light control using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The circuit used a 12-volt power supply, as a voltage source, to increase to 42 volts, to meet a lamp voltage, through a dc-dc converter. After obtaining the maximum voltage, a MOSFET cut off the voltage according to the desired light or performance level. The duty cycle was directly proportional to the output voltage, using a PWM coding to get the necessary light intensity. Some testing was conducted, including the measurement point shifting to the side. The testing results show that PMW and LDR decreased as the duty cycle increased. Nevertheless, both decreasing are different, the PWM decreased linearly with a gradient of -2.55 and the LDR decreased hyperbolically. While, the illuminance, current, and power rose as the duty cycle increased. The illuminance increased, tent to be saturated, as the power increased. However, the illuminance was reduced as the PWM and LDR increased. The illuminance decreased slightly as the measurement points shifted to the side.
DSA patterning options for FinFET formation at 7nm node

Several 27nm-pitch directed self-assembly (DSA) processes targeting fin formation for FinFET device fabrication are studied in a 300mm pilot line environment, including chemoepitaxy for a conventional Fin arrays, graphoepitaxy for a customization approach and a hybrid approach for self-aligned Fin cut. The trade-off between each DSA flow is discussed in terms of placement error, Fin CD/profile uniformity, and restricted design. Challenges in pattern transfer are observed and process optimization are discussed. Finally, silicon Fins with 100nm depth and on-target CD using different DSA options with either lithographic or self-aligned customization approach are demonstrated.