Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Trade-Offs between Housing Cost and Environmental Performance

AbstractHousing units in the United States account for 18% of the total greenhouse gas emissions and 58% of public-supply water consumption. These negative environmental impacts of housing units can be reduced by integrating green building measures and fixtures, such as geothermal heat pumps and water-saving plumbing fixtures. The integration of these green measures often leads to an increase in the initial costs of the housing units, and therefore decision makers need to study and optimize the potential trade-offs between the environmental performance of housing units and their initial costs. This paper presents a multiobjective optimization model that is capable of optimizing housing design and construction decisions to generate optimal trade-offs between maximizing the environmental performance of housing units and minimizing their initial costs. The model was designed to maximize housing environmental performance during its operational phase by reducing its greenhouse gas emissions and water consumpti.
The Burden of Disease and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Preschool Children Attending the Well-Baby Clinic in the National Guard Primary Health Care Centers in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia

Aims: To estimate the burden and risk factor of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) in preschool children attending well-baby clinics in primary health care centers of the National Guard in Jeddah. Study Design: Cross Sectional study design Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the primary health care centers of the National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which are the specialized polyclinic namely Iskan clinic district and Bahra Clinic. The study was started on 26 September, 2018 to January 2020. Methodology: A cross-sectional study included all preschool children aged 2-5 years attending well-baby clinics. Data were collected by distributing a self-developed and validated questionnaire to parents or guardians in waiting areas outside the well-baby clinics. Results: A total of 286 participants met the inclusion criteria. Anemia was found in 9.8% children. The prevalence of IDA among the participants was only 6.3%, but it was the most common compared to other types of anemia. The only findings that were found statistically significant with anemia were family history (P = 0.001) and use of supplement (P = 0.000). Conclusion: IDA is still the most prevalent type of anemia; however, it was found in only 6.3% participants. The only statistically significant factors associated with anemia were positive family history and supplement intake.
A 4×4 digitally reconfigurable transmitarray: measurement of radiation patterns

In this letter, measured radiation patterns of a 4×4 digitally reconfigurable transmitarray are presented. It is possible to get beam steering and polarization conversion operation using the 4×4 digitally reconfigurable transmitarray. There is a total of four PIN diodes in each unit cell of the transmitarray. The polarization conversion operation is realized using the upper two PIN diodes and the beam steering operation is realized using the lower two PIN diodes. “State1” and “State2” are the biasing conditions of PIN diodes of the lower layer. “State3” and “State4” are the biasing conditions of the upper two PIN diodes. These states can be represented as “0” and “1”. By arranging “0” and “1” on the top and bottom layer of the transmitarray, beam steering, and polarization conversion operations can be obtained digitally. This type of transmitarray is useful for radars, satellites, and other types of communications applications. words:
“I don’t Teach Violence, I Teach Self-Control”; The Framing of Mixed Martial Arts Between Mental Health and Well-Being

This paper draws on conceptual and analytical tools from cultural sociology to analyze media representations of the MMA right after the murder of a twenty-year-old boy, that took place in a small village in central Italy by a gang of young men, two of whom frequented a MMA gym. While often characterized as violent and uncivilized, MMA has a core following of fans who watch and practice MMA out of an interest in the effects of the sport in terms of health and well-being. Through in depth qualitative analysis of MMA media discourse offered by traditional and new media, this paper explores the way the MMA media constructs symbolic boundaries around different kinds of fights inside and outside the gym, through aesthetic and moral evaluations based on the hierarchical ‘distinctions’ between “violence” and “health” as possible outcomes of the MMA training process. Particularly, we carry out a discourse analysis based on Italian Newspapers, Magazines and Facebook groups dedicated to MMA, through which we frame the multiple representations of the discursive production built around the MMA in Italy. Our aim is to identify the different ways in which the discussion about this event provided narrative paths and points of view about the meaning of MMA, focusing on the reputational consequences concerning health, especially in its physical and mental expressions. This research may prove useful for scholars interested in MMA, culture, and sports media studies.
Day-ahead Modified Dispatching Model Considering Power System Flexibility

The increasing penetration of uncertain generation from renewable resources poses a challenge for keeping flexibility of power system. Therefore, in order to deal with the condition of insufficient flexibility, a day-ahead modified dispatching model considering the flexibility of power system is proposed. In this modified model, the flexibility is represented by up-regulated flexibility coefficient and down-regulated flexibility coefficient, and these parameters will be used to construct the wind power deviation cost in the objective function which is used to increase the regulated capacity of power system. In the case study, two wind power nodes in the IEEE 30-bus system are connected to two actual wind power farms in Hebei province respectively to verify the validity of the modified model. Finally, Simulation results show that, compared with conventional dispatching models, the modified dispatching model can not only reduce the economic cost, but also increase available regulated capacity to enhance the flexibility of power system.
Covalent adsorption of functional groups on [N]-carbophenes

Starting from the planar molecule 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, Du et al reported synthesizing one of a couple of possible 2D materials: graphenylene or 3-carbophene []. 3-carbophene is a member of a novel class of two-dimensional covalent organic framework, [N]-carbophenes (carbophenes). Using a high throughput method, we computed the formation energies and conduction properties of 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-carbophenes with hydroxyl (OH), carbonyl (CO), nitro (NO2), amine (NH2), carboxyl (COOH) functional groups replacing hydrogen terminating agents. Five hundred and nine structures with randomly picked motifs, with functionalizations from a single functional group per cell to fully functionalized were studied. Our results demonstrate a negatively sloped linear relationship between the degree of functionalization and formation energy when the type of functional group and type of carbophene are held constant. The decrease in formation energy with functionalization makes Du’s synthesis of functionalized 3-carbophene more creditable. The type of carbophene, type of functional group, and the degree of functionalization all play a role in the band structure of the materials. For example, CO functional groups may lead to a mid-gap state pinned to the Fermi level, whereas the other functional groups studied keep the semiconducting nature of pristine carbophene. Thus, because carbonyl functional groups are often present in defected carbon systems, care should be taken to limit the amount of oxygen in carbophene devices where the band gap is important. Thus, this work strengthens the hypothesis of Junkermeier et al's hypothesis that Du et al synthesized 3-carbophene and not graphenylene [].
Current and emerging prostheses for partial hand amputation: A narrative review

Partial hand amputation can have a tremendous range of impact and functional loss on a person's life. One solution to improve function and address some of the problems that partial hand amputees face is to fit them with a prosthesis. Partial hand prosthetic devices range in a wide spectrum in both function and aesthetics. At this time, there is no one, perfect prosthetic device that can replace what is lost. Many individuals with partial hand amputation require more than one prosthetic device. In this review article, we explored and compared several prosthetic options that have been investigated and marketed by researchers and companies. Some of these options include passive, body‐powered, activity‐specific, and externally‐powered prostheses. Lastly, we described our experiences with partial hand prostheses at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.
A multicenter retrospective study on 4480 implanted PICC-ports: A GAVeCeLT project

Background: PICC-ports may be defined as totally implantable central venous devices inserted in the upper limb using the current state-of-the-art techniques of PICC insertion (ultrasound-guided venipuncture of deep veins of the arm, micro-puncture kits, proper location of the tip preferably by intracavitary ECG), with placement of the reservoir at the middle third of the arm. A previous report on breast cancer patients demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these devices, with a very low failure rate. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study—developed by GAVeCeLT (the Italian Group of Long-Term Venous Access Devices)—investigated the outcomes of PICC-ports in a large cohort of unselected patients. The study included 4480 adult patients who underwent PICC-port insertion in five Italian centers, during a period of 60 months. The primary outcome was device failure, defined as any serious adverse event (SAE) requiring removal. The secondary outcome was the incidence of temporary adverse events (TAE) not requiring removal. Results: The median follow-up was 15.5 months. Device failure occurred in 52 cases (1.2%), the main causes being local infection (n = 7; 0.16%) and CRBSI (n = 19; 0.42%). Symptomatic catheter-related thrombosis occurred in 93 cases (2.1%), but removal was required only in one case (0.02%). Early/immediate and late TAE occurred in 904 cases (20.2%) and in 176 cases (3.9%), respectively. Conclusions: PICC-ports are safe venous access devices that should be considered as an alternative option to traditional arm-ports and chest-ports when planning chemotherapy or other long-term intermittent intravenous treatments.
Mathematical Model of Steam Reforming in the Anode Channel of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell

The paper presents a mathematical model of a molten carbonate fuel cell with a catalyst in the anode channel. The modeled system is fueled by methane. The system includes a model of the steam reforming process occurring in the anode channel of the MCFC fuel cell and the model of the cell itself. A reduced order model was used to describe the operation of the molten carbonate fuel cell, whereas a kinetic model describes the methane steam reforming. The calculations of the reforming were done in Aspen HYSYS software. Four values of the steam-to-carbon ratio (2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5) were used to analyze the performance of the reforming process. In the first phase, the reaction kinetics model was based on data from the literature.
Ribosome Biogenesis Serves as a Therapeutic Target for Treating Endometriosis and the Associated Complications

Ribosome biogenesis is a cellular process critical for protein homeostasis during cell growth and multiplication. Our previous study confirmed up-regulation of ribosome biogenesis during endometriosis progression and malignant transition, thus anti-ribosome biogenesis may be effective for treating endometriosis and the associated complications. A mouse model with human endometriosis features was established and treated with three different drugs that can block ribosome biogenesis, including inhibitors against mTOR/PI3K (GSK2126458) and RNA polymerase I (CX5461 and BMH21). The average lesion numbers and disease frequencies were significantly reduced in treated mice as compared to controls treated with vehicle. Flow cytometry analyses confirmed the reduction of small peritoneal macrophage and neutrophil populations with increased large versus small macrophage ratios, suggesting inflammation suppression by drug treatments. Lesions in treated mice also showed lower nerve fiber density which can support the finding of pain-relief by behavioral studies. Our study therefore suggested ribosome biogenesis as a potential therapeutic target for treating endometriosis.
Practical Guidelines for Conducting Research - Summarising Good Research Practice in Line with the DCED Standard

This report offers practical guidelines for conducting research in line with the DCED Standard for Measuring Results in Private Sector Development (PSD). The DCED Standard is a practical eight point framework for results measurement. It enables projects to monitor their progress towards their objectives and better measure, manage, and demonstrate results. As more programmes begin to implement the Standard, a growing need has emerged for guidance on how to conduct research in accordance with good practices, presented in an accessible and condensed form for the ready use of practitioners.
Identification of the Cysteine Protease Legumain as a Potential Chronic Hypoxia-Specific Multiple Myeloma Target Gene

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy, which is characterized by clonal proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells in the bone marrow. This microenvironment is characterized by low oxygen levels (1–6% O2), known as hypoxia. For MM cells, hypoxia is a physiologic feature that has been described to promote an aggressive phenotype and to confer drug resistance. However, studies on hypoxia are scarce and show little conformity. Here, we analyzed the mRNA expression of previously determined hypoxia markers to define the temporal adaptation of MM cells to chronic hypoxia. Subsequent analyses of the global proteome in MM cells and the stromal cell line HS-5 revealed hypoxia-dependent regulation of proteins, which directly or indirectly upregulate glycolysis. In addition, chronic hypoxia led to MM-specific regulation of nine distinct proteins. One of these proteins is the cysteine protease legumain (LGMN), the depletion of which led to a significant growth disadvantage of MM cell lines that is enhanced under hypoxia. Thus, herein, we report a methodologic strategy to examine MM cells under physiologic hypoxic conditions in vitro and to decipher and study previously masked hypoxia-specific therapeutic targets such as the cysteine protease LGMN.
Diet and Physical Activity as Determinants of Continuously Measured Glucose Levels in Persons at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

We examined how dietary and physical activity behaviors influence fluctuations in blood glucose levels over a seven-day period in people at high risk for diabetes. Twenty-eight participants underwent a mixed meal tolerance test to assess glucose homeostasis at baseline. Subsequently, they wore an accelerometer to assess movement behaviors, recorded their dietary intakes through a mobile phone application, and wore a flash glucose monitoring device that measured glucose levels every 15 min for seven days. Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess the associations of metabolic and lifestyle risk factors with glycemic variability. Higher BMI, amount of body fat, and selected markers of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance from the meal tolerance test were associated with higher mean glucose levels during the seven days. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity and polyunsaturated fat intake were independently associated with less variation in glucose levels (CV%). Higher protein and polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes were associated with more time-in-range. In contrast, higher carbohydrate intake was associated with less time-in-range. Our findings suggest that dietary composition (a higher intake of polyunsaturated fat and protein and lower intake of carbohydrates) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may reduce fluctuations in glucose levels in persons at high risk of diabetes.
R-Ras1 and R-Ras2 Expression in Anatomical Regions and Cell Types of the Central Nervous System

Since the optic nerve is one of the most myelinated tracts in the central nervous system (CNS), many myelin diseases affect the visual system. In this sense, our laboratory has recently reported that the GTPases R-Ras1 and R-Ras2 are essential for oligodendrocyte survival and maturation. Hypomyelination produced by the absence of one or both proteins triggers axonal degeneration and loss of visual and motor function. However, little is known about R-Ras specificity and other possible roles that they could play in the CNS. In this work, we describe how a lack of R-Ras1 and/or R-Ras2 could not be compensated by increased expression of the closely related R-Ras3 or classical Ras. We further studied R-Ras1 and R-Ras2 expression within different CNS anatomical regions, finding that both were more abundant in less-myelinated regions, suggesting their expression in non-oligodendroglial cells. Finally, using confocal immunostaining colocalization, we report for the first time that R-Ras2 is specifically expressed in neurons. Neither microglia nor astrocytes expressed R-Ras1 or R-Ras2. These results open a new avenue for the study of neuronal R-Ras2’s contribution to the process of myelination.
A new dropout leaky control strategy for multi-channel narrowband active noise cancellation in irregular reverberation room

Noise cancellation in a reverberation room is vital to hearing health. Although lots of methods in active noise control have been developed to solve this problem, as a matter of fact, because of the existence of irregular room distribution and related interference of adaptive filters, the noise reduction level and robustness need to be improved. In this work, a dropout leaky control strategy is proposed to improve the attenuation level and keep low less output of secondary loudspeakers in an irregular reverberation room. More exactly, the leaky filtered-x least mean square (LFxLMS) method is applied to decrease the related interference of adaptive filters. Then, each hidden leakage factor of LFxLMS is estimated by Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence. Furthermore, importance factor is introduced to keep several different noise cancellation areas. The results of 2D dimensional simulations confirm the proposed algorithm has better Global noise reduction.
Modulation of Dendritic Cells by Microbiota Extracellular Vesicles Influences the Cytokine Profile and Exosome Cargo

Gut bacteria release extracellular vesicles (BEVs) as an intercellular communication mechanism that primes the host innate immune system. BEVs from E. coli activate dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequent T-cell responses in a strain-specific manner. The specific immunomodulatory effects were, in part, mediated by differential regulation of miRNAs. This study aimed to deepen understanding of the mechanisms of BEVs to drive specific immune responses by analyzing their impact on DC-secreted cytokines and exosomes. DCs were challenged with BEVs from probiotic and commensal E. coli strains. The ability of DC-secreted factors to activate T-cell responses was assessed by cytokine quantification in indirect DCs/naïve CD4+ T-cells co-cultures on Transwell supports. DC-exosomes were characterized in terms of costimulatory molecules and miRNAs cargo. In the absence of direct cellular contacts, DC-secreted factors triggered secretion of effector cytokines by T-cells with the same trend as direct DC/T-cell co-cultures. The main differences between the strains influenced the production of Th1- and Treg-specific cytokines. Exosomes released by BEV-activated DCs were enriched in surface proteins involved in antigen presentation and T-cell activation, but differed in the content of immune-related miRNA, depending on the origin of the BEVs. These differences were consistent with the derived immune responses.
Advances in 3D printing of composite scaffolds for the repairment of bone tissue associated defects

The conventional methods of using autografts and allografts for repairing defects in bone, the osteochondral bone, and the cartilage tissue have many disadvantages, like donor site morbidity and shortage of donors. Moreover, only 30% of the implanted grafts are shown to be successful in treating the defects. Hence, exploring alternative techniques such as tissue engineering to treat bone tissue associated defects is promising as it eliminates the above‐mentioned limitations. To enhance the mechanical and biological properties of the tissue engineered product, it is essential to fabricate the scaffold used in tissue engineering by the combination of various biomaterials. Three‐dimensional (3D) printing, with its ability to print composite materials and with complex geometry seems to have a huge potential in scaffold fabrication technique for engineering bone associated tissues. This review summarizes the recent applications and future perspectives of 3D printing technologies in the fabrication of composite scaffolds used in bone, osteochondral, and cartilage tissue engineering. Key developments in the field of 3D printing technologies involves the incorporation of various biomaterials and cells in printing composite scaffolds mimicking physiologically relevant complex geometry and gradient porosity. Much recently, the emerging trend of printing smart scaffolds which can respond to external stimulus such as temperature, pH and magnetic field, known as 4D printing is gaining immense popularity and can be considered as the future of 3D printing applications in the field of tissue engineering.
Graph-based operational robustness analysis of industrial Internet of things platform for manufacturing service collaboration

As industrial Internet of things (IIoT) for Manufacturing Service Collaboration (MSC) is becoming the current trend to accelerate the upgrade iteration of manufacturing capability, developing the robust IIoT platform operation mechanism for MSC is crucial to promote the continuous and stable service collaboration in the presence of supply and demand uncertainties. This paper studies the operational robustness of the IIoT platform for MSC. Firstly, the operation performances, requirements, and challenges of the IIoT platform towards manufacturing collaboration are analysed in classified platform practices, which can provide a comprehensive cognition about platform operation for manufacturing collaboration. Then, to evaluate the tolerance and persistence capabilities of MSC under supply and demand uncertainties, a graph-based operational robustness analysis method of the IIoT platform for MSC is proposed. The IIoT platform operation network for MSC is modelled as an interdependent network-of-network structure based on graph theory, which helps to characterise MSC performance properties under complexities. By combining manufacturing properties with network statistics, the evaluation metrics of operational robustness are established, which is done to quantise the MSC effectiveness under uncertainty effects. A case about customised manufacturing of automobiles illustrates the application of the proposed methods. Finally, future studies about robust MSC regulation are discussed.