Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managing aquaculture in multi-use freshwater bodies: the case of Jatiluhur reservoir

The pressure on scarce freshwater resources from intensifying human activity is rising across the globe. This study presents the case of Jatiluhur—Indonesia’s largest reservoir, where unregulated aquaculture expansion has contributed to environmental degradation and associated conflicts with other water-users. Aiming to identify a strategy to improve the sustainability of cage aquaculture within Jatiluhur reservoir and other freshwater bodies facing similar challenges, this study consisted of an initial analysis of time bound satellite images of the reservoir and a systematic survey of 112 aquaculture farms. The results revealed that, with more than 45 000 production units in 2020, more than half of which are placed outside government-approved aquaculture zones, the carrying capacity of the reservoir is exceeded. An analysis of the farm-level production practices, pertinent to environmental regulation, indicated the existence of three main production strategies, with significant differences in eutrophication potential among them that would lead to better articulated policy actions. A feed manufacturer-focused policy to reduce total phosphorus levels in formulated diets by more than half, but still within the optimal level for fish performance, would have the most impact. Enforcement of registration and removal of illegal production units supported by satellite-based monitoring of compliance are key recommendations to support intensive cage culture remaining an important economic activity.
Theoretical investigation of weight-dependent optical spike timing dependent plasticity based on VCSOA

We propose an implement scheme of the weight-dependent optical spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP) based on the vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs) subject to double optical spike injections, and numerically investigate the effects of the internal and external parameters of VCSOAs on the optical STDP curve by the well-known Fabry-Pérot approach. Additionally, the optical weight-dependent STDP is realized by introducing the various bias current according to the feedback signal. The simulation results show that, the width and height of the optical STDP curve window can be effectively controlled by adjusting the relevant parameters of VCSOAs. Moreover, the optical weight-dependent STDP is analogous to the biological STDP synapses and can be used to balance the stability and competition among synapses. These results can offer great potential for constructing a large-scale energy efficient optical spiking neural networks (SNNs).
Are 100 Ensemble Members Enough to Capture the Remote Atmospheric Response to +2°C Arctic Sea Ice Loss?

This study presents results from the Polar Amplification Multimodel Intercomparison Project (PAMIP) single-year time-slice experiments that aim to isolate the atmospheric response to Arctic sea ice loss at global warming levels of +2°C. Using two general circulation models (GCMs), the ensemble size is increased up to 300 ensemble members, beyond the recommended 100 members. After partitioning the response in groups of 100 ensemble members, the reproducibility of the results is evaluated, with a focus on the response of the midlatitude jet streams in the North Atlantic and North Pacific. Both atmosphere-only and coupled ocean–atmosphere PAMIP experiments are analyzed. Substantial differences in the midlatitude response are found among the different experiment subsets, suggesting that 100-member ensembles are still significantly influenced by internal variability, which can mislead conclusions. Despite an overall stronger response, the coupled ocean–atmosphere runs exhibit greater spread due to additional ENSO-related internal variability when the ocean is interactive. The lack of consistency in the response is true for anomalies that are statistically significant according to Student’s t and false discovery rate tests. This is problematic for the multimodel assessment of the response, as some of the spread may be attributed to different model sensitivities whereas it is due to internal variability. We propose a method to overcome this consistency issue that allows for more robust conclusions when only 100 ensemble members are used.
Urban Policies and Planning Approaches for a Safer and Climate Friendlier Mobility in Cities: Strategies, Initiatives and Some Analysis

How can urban policies and planning approaches help in achieving a safer mobility and carbon reduction in the transport sector? The attention of planners and policy makers towards the promotion of sustainability and reduction of environmental impacts has grown in recent years. This paper investigates the role that Urban Planning plays in the long term towards a safer and climate friendlier mobility, highlighting the need for integrated approaches gathering spatial planning and mobility management. After a review of several urban policies and planning strategies, initiatives, and approaches, mainly based on the urban scale, the paper presents an urban regeneration case study leading to an increase of pedestrian accessibility at the neighborhood level. This can be seen as a support tool to foster sustainable, safe, and climate friendly mobility in cities. The results of the performed analysis show a dependency of accessibility from two different factors: the distribution of services and the capillarity of the soft mobility network, which can contribute to creating a more walkable space.
Episodic future thinking in 35-, 47-, and 55-month-old children

Abstract The trip task has been used as a verbal test for examining preschool children’s episodic future thinking. However, the only existing study using the trip task merely examined 3-year-olds. In order to investigate how future projections develop, we examined a total of 241 preschool children in three age groups (35-, 47-, and 55-month-olds). As expected, the results revealed a developmental progression with the older children outperforming their younger peers. The obtained results correspond to existing evidence using behavioral tasks, and thereby underscores the robustness of previous findings showing that the ability to project oneself into the future undergoes a marked development from 3 to 5 years of age. In addition, and more specifically, the results presented here when considered together with other evidence, may suggest a hitherto neglected developmental spurt from around 3.5- to 4-years of age in relation to episodic future thinking, calling for further research in this age range.
Structural deformation in Kaladawan of North Altun orogenic belt, NW China: Constraints from magnetic and EBSD fabrics

The North Altyn Tagh ductile shear zone is well exposed in the Kaladawan area of North Altun orogenic belt. The deformed rocks provide clues to the deformation conditions and the tectonic evolution of the North Altun orogen. This study investigated structural deformation in Kaladawan of North Altun orogenic belt using magnetic fabric and electronic backscattered diffraction (EBSD) quartz fabric in order to reveal the dynamic and kinematic characteristics of the North Altyn Tagh ductile shear zone. We conducted detailed field investigations and collected oriented samples to analyse magnetic and EBSD fabrics. The mean magnetic susceptibility (Km) value for the Kaladawan rocks is low, indicating that paramagnetic and diamagnetic minerals are the principal carriers of magnetic susceptibility. The corrected degree of anisotropy (Pj), magnetic lineation (L), magnetic foliation (F), shape parameter (T), and oblateness of the magnetic susceptibility ellipsoid (E) show that the deformation in the central part of a transect across Kaladawan is weak indicating elongated prolate strain, whereas the deformation in the north and south is strong indicating oblate strain. The anisotropic magnetic susceptibility (AMS) principal ellipsoidal axis K1 (magnetic lineation) trends mainly WNW–ESE and are oriented with variable magnetic foliation attitudes, whereas the AMS principal axis K3 (pole to magnetic foliation) trends NNE–SSW. Deformation under different conditions generated two types of quartz c‐axis fabric style: type A (point maximum) and type B (Y maximum plus crossed girdles). Fabric thermometry analyses suggest that the quartz fabrics formed at a medium temperature of 400–500°C. According to previous zircon U–Pb data from Kaladawan, deformation of the North Altyn Tagh ductile shear zone took place between 478.1 and 427.3 Ma. The ductile shear can be interpreted as a tectonic response to dextral oblique convergence between the Tarim and Central Altun blocks.
Applying the Method of Categorical Analysis for Conceptual Design of an Automated Control System of a Group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Conceptual design of automated control systems (ACS) is an important stage in their development and making. The miscalculations admitted during this stage, as a rule, couldn’t be compensated for in the subsequent stages of the project. At the same time, despite the great importance of this stage, nowadays there is no well-developed theory of conceptual design for ACS making and improvement. In generally, it all comes down to either using the prototype, or the talent and insight of the designer. In this article an attempt was made to develop a methodology for the conceptual design of ACS. A template for creating parametric concept of ACS with its subsequent detail through the use of the method of the categorical analysis is proposed. A method allows to form a fairly complete information space of control, taking into account all possible information interactions between groups of parameters based on the generated sequence of categorical subsets of the control process with their subsequent interpretation is described. An example of method using is demonstrated for development of the ACS concept by a group of unmanned aerial vehicles. A constructive scheme of control information, including data groups and relationships between them, is considered. An interpretation of categorical subsets, an example of detailing and data of the state of the control object and the definition of some information transformation procedures for one of the formed subsets are proposed.
Investigation of low frequency fibre Bragg grating accelerometer based on thermoplastic cantilever beam

Vibration measurement technique is very important in structural integrity monitoring. Various fibre Bragg grating (FBG) based accelerometers have been developed for vibration measurement. However, most of the researchers focused on high frequency monitoring and only few reported works are based on low frequency measurement. Therefore, this paper presented a low frequency FBG accelerometer based on Polyphenylene Ether (PPE) thermoplastic cantilever beam. The proposed FBG accelerometer was attached to a shaker and vibration signals were given with variations in frequency and acceleration. As a result, the FBG accelerometer has a sensitivity of 110 pm/g and natural frequency of 9 Hz. The proposed accelerometer capable to detect low frequency of 2 Hz at 0.04 g which is suitable for utilisation in seismic monitoring of earthquake.
Effect of salinity on the community structure and ecological functions of Archaea in Liaohe Estuary

Archaea plays an important role in biogeochemical processes. Using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Illumina high-throughput sequencing, eight sediment samples collected in Liaohe Estuary were used to investigate the effects of salinity gradient on the archaeal community structure and ecological functions. The results showed that archaeal abundance ranged from 5.1 × 105 to 1.3 × 106 copies/g. Archaeal community included the classes of Thaumarchaeota (69%), Euryarchaeota (29%), and Crenarchaeota (0.01%), respectively. Methanogens in the genera Methanococcoides, Methanoregula, and Methanosaeta and Marine Group I, Candidatus Nitrososphaera, and Nitrososphaera within the ammonia-oxidizing archaea were abundant in freshwater sediments, whereas Marine Benthic Group B and Marine Benthic Group D were abundant in seawater sediments. The positive correlation was observed in between the abundances of Euryarchaeota and salinities (P < 0.05). Physico-chemical analysis in the sediments showed that the temperature and salinity were impacted on the abundance and distribution of archaea significantly (P < 0.05). In general, these results have broadened our understanding on the changes of the archaeal abundance and community structure in estuarine sediment along the salinity gradient.
The Modernization of Current Methods and Technologies for Risk Assessment, Modeling and Forecasting

Theoretical and scientific-methodical approaches to the definition and quantitative risk assessment were systematized. The main advantages and disadvantages of using mathematical and statistical methods of modeling and risk forecasting were analyzed. The advantages of using recursive models of Path-analysis were justified and the results of their approbation for estimation and forecasting of social risks of labor sphere according to the inertial scenario of development of national economy are introduced. The influence of digital transformations on the formation of risks was determined. The concept of the European System of Social Indicators (ESSI) was taken into account in the development of a methodology for identification of indices of the socio-economic vulnerability of the entire population and the employed one. The peculiarities of indirect assessment of the manifestation of social risks were disclosed.
Characterization of Multimode Interference Based Optical Fiber

In this paper, the fiber optic cascade based on multimode interference (MMI) is demonstrated and investigated via COMSOL Multiphysics software. Two different cascades were adopted in this work, namely, single mode–multimode–single mode (SMS) and single mode–No–Core–single mode fiber (SNS). The transmission spectrum tuning range depending on the geometrical dimensions of the midst fiber (MMF and NCF). According to the results, the achieved tuning range due to the diameter fiber changing is higher than that of the length changing. The high tunability about 171 nm is achieved within the SMS cascade for the diameter changes from 61 µm –to– 64 µm and about 340 nm is achieved within the SMS cascade for the length changes from 3.9 mm –to– 4.9 mm. In addition, the increasing in the midst fiber diameter caused a red shift in the peak wavelength of the transmission spectrum. While, the increasing in the fiber length caused a blue shift in the wavelength. The calculated lengths for the NCF show good agreement with results that achieved from the simulation software with a total deviation about 0.46 %. While its about 6.5 % for the MMF, since the cladding refractive index is not considered in the theoretical model.
Imaging and positioning through scattering media noninvasively by bi-directional exposure

Speckle autocorrelation is a popular method for imaging through scattering media. Currently, most proposed methods in literature can only recognize the pattern and the relative movement ratio of a hidden object. Position and size quantification, the other content of imaging, is just as important as object recognition. Here, we propose a non-invasive method to estimate the axial position and size of a hidden object based on speckle autocorrelation imaging. A unique geometry setup for bi-directional exposure is applied to extract the position and size information. The image of the object can be reconstructed from the recorded speckle pattern via phase retrieval techniques. According to the geometry relationship, we calculate the size and axial position of the object, and further, obtain the lateral or axial displacements when the object is shifted in both simulation and experiment. This method opens a door for noninvasive imaging and positioning through scattering media, will impact the fields of biomedical imaging, object tracking, etc.
Using Broadband Radio Noise From Power‐Lines to Map and Track Dense Es Structures

We present passive observations of midlatitude sporadic E (Es) structures in the 30–50 MHz range using the long wavelength array telescopes in New Mexico. Spectral and temporal analysis of the structures reveals that some of the emissions can be characterized by broadband, spark‐like radiation occurring at a repetition frequency of 60 Hz. The azimuthal distribution indicates that the brightest emissions come from the directions of several large metropolitan centers with distances ranging from 700 to 1,250 km from the telescopes. This implies that the source is unintended human‐made noise, originating from devices connected to 60 Hz alternating current power. The geometry of our observations rule out coherent scatter from field‐aligned irregularities, and indicate that the unintended noise must undergo a specular reflection off of over‐dense plasma distributed approximately parallel to Earth's surface. On certain occasions the reflections are seen at such high frequencies and high elevation angles that the local plasma frequency must be above 30 MHz. During both day and night Es conditions, the dense structures are observed to be arranged in propagating fronts, and travel at speeds of 70–100 m/s. We also present observations that reveal quasi‐periodic amplitude oscillations with frequencies consistent with atmospheric gravity waves and acoustic waves.
Text Mining Analysis on Users’ Reviews for News Aggregator Toutiao

This paper intent to improve consumer communication by text mining analysis with users’ reviews. The news aggregator we focus on is: Toutiao, known as “today’s headlines” in Chinese. It is the top news aggregator application run by Bytedance company in China. It utilizes AI algorithms to provide numerous news feed for its users. As new technologies are shaping the business strategy studies as well as online communication analysis, it requires innovative and effective analyses of unconventional data, such as the 12,290 online reviews on Toutiao we collected from Apple’s App Store. Through the LDA topic modelling and sentiment analysis, our research has identified three major negative complains the consumers have regarding Toutiao application, namely: too many unsolicited advertisements, contents (vulgar content, time consuming video, privacy and copyrights infringement issue) and incompatibility with the latest Apple digital devices.
Understanding the influence of safety climate and productivity pressure on non-helmet use behavior at construction sites: a case study

PurposeNeglecting to wear a safety helmet can result in serious injuries at construction sites, but the cause of such unsafe behavior has not been fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide a means of systematically understanding on the causes of non-helmet use behaviors at construction sites.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilizes the system dynamics (SD) modeling to portray the construction system works at project, management and individual levels to understand the relative importance of safety climate and productivity pressures. A real-time helmet use behavior tracking system (the Eye on Project (EOP)) is developed to provide an objective record of helmet use practices. Using the data collected from the EOP, the proposed SD model can be calibrated to simulate the influence of safety climate and productivity pressures on the non-helmet use behaviors of construction workers.FindingsThe data collected from 91 responses through the questionnaire survey were utilized to develop the SD model, which consists of two balancing loops and two reinforced loops. The mean absolute percentage error is further used to evaluate the model. The results show that a positive safety climate significantly reduced the rate of non-helmet use behavior.Originality/valueThis study divided the primary contributors of non-helmet use behavior into three levels for the SD model development. The SD model can be used to develop policies for mitigating helmet misuse, which in turn improves the safety performance of construction sites.
Nonlinear Spectrum and Fixed Point Index for a Class of Decomposable Operators

We study a class of nonlinear operators that can be written as the composition of a linear operator and a nonlinear map. We obtain results on fixed point index based on parameters that are related to the definitions of nonlinear spectra. As a particular case, existence of positive solutions for a second-order differential equation with separated boundary conditions is proved. The result also provides a spectral interval for the corresponding Hammerstein integral operator.
Comparison of heterojunction device parameters for pure and doped ZnO thin films with IIIA (Al or In) elements grown on silicon at room ambient

In this work, pure and IIIA element doped ZnO thin films were grown on p type silicon (Si) with (100) orientated surface by sol-gel method, and were characterized for comparing their electrical characteristics. The heterojunction parameters were obtained from the current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics at room temperature. The ideality factor (n), saturation current (Io) and junction resistance of ZnO/p-Si heterojunction for both pure and doped (with Al or In) cases were determined by using different methods at room ambient. Other electrical parameters such as Fermi energy level (EF), barrier height (ΦB), acceptor concentration (Na), built-in potential (Φi) and voltage dependence of surface states (Nss) profile were obtained from the C-V measurements. The results reveal that doping ZnO with IIIA (Al or In) elements to fabricate n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction can result in high performance diode characteristics.
Modelling of Technological Parameters of Aluminium Melt Refining in the Ladle by Blowing of Inert Gas through the Rotating Impeller

The presented paper deals with the use of physical modelling to study the degassing process of aluminium melts in the refining ladle by blowing inert gas through a rotating impeller. For the purposes of physical modelling, a plexiglass model in a scale of 1:1 is used for the operating ladle. Part of the physical model is a hollow shaft used for gas supply that is equipped with an impeller and two baffles. The degassing process of aluminium melt by blowing of inert gas is simulated at physical modelling by a decrease of dissolved oxygen in the model liquid (water). This paper is aimed at the evaluation of laboratory experiments that were obtained by the method of physical modelling. Attention is focused on the assessment of relevant parameters for the degassing process—rotary impeller speeds, volume flow rate of inert gas, the distance of the impeller from the bottom of the refining ladle, and impeller variant. The preliminary results of physical modelling show that the optimal results of the refining process are achieved by using the F2A 190 impeller.