Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Proximal Average Based Variance Reducing Stochastic Methods for Optimization with Composite Regularization

We focus on empirical risk minimization with a composite regulariser, which has been widely applied in various machine learning tasks to introduce important structural information regarding the problem or data. In general, it is challenging to calculate the proximal operator with the composite regulariser. Recently, proximal average (PA) which involves a feasible proximal operator calculation is proposed to approximate composite regularisers. Augmented with the prevailing variance reducing (VR) stochastic methods (e.g. SVRG, SAGA), PA based algorithms would achieve a better performance. However, existing works require a fixed stepsize, which needs to be rather small to ensure that the PA approximation is sufficiently accurate. In the meantime, the smaller stepsize would incur many more iterations for convergence. In this paper, we propose two fast PA based VR stochastic methods – APA-SVRG and APA-SAGA. By initializing the stepsize with a much larger value and adaptively decreasing it, both of the proposed methods are proved to enjoy the (ô n log 1/ε + mo 1/ε) iteration complexity to achieve the accurate solutions, where m0 is the initial number of inner iterations and n is the number of samples. Moreover, experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithms.
A Fast Poisson Solver with Periodic Boundary Conditions for GPU Clusters in Various Configurations

Fast Poisson solvers using the Fast Fourier Transform on uniform grids are especially suited for parallel implementation, making them appropriate for portability on graphical processing unit (GPU) devices. The goal of the following work was to implement, test, and evaluate a fast Poisson solver for periodic boundary conditions for use on a variety of GPU configurations. The solver used in this research was FLASH, an immersed-boundary-based method, which is well suited for complex, time-dependent geometries, has robust adaptive mesh refinement/de-refinement capabilities to capture evolving flow structures, and has been successfully implemented on conventional, parallel supercomputers. However, these solvers are still computationally costly to employ, and the total solver time is dominated by the solution of the pressure Poisson equation using state-of-the-art multigrid methods. FLASH improves the performance of its multigrid solvers by integrating a parallel FFT solver on a uniform grid during a coarse level. This hybrid solver could then be theoretically improved by replacing the highly-parallelizable FFT solver with one that utilizes GPUs, and, thus, was the motivation for my research. In the present work, the CPU-utilizing parallel FFT solver (PFFT) used in the base version of FLASH for solving the Poisson equation on uniform grids has been modified to enable parallel execution on CUDA-enabled GPU devices. New algorithms have been implemented to replace the Poisson solver that decompose the
Rapid development of custom software architecture design environments

Software architecture provides a powerful way to manage the complexity of large software systems. It has emerged as a distinct form of abstraction for software systems with its own set of design issues, vocabulary, and goals. Like designers in other disciplines, software architects can gain significant leverage by using powerful and appropriate design environments and tools. The cost and difficulty of creating these powerful design tools, however, prohibit their use for many software development projects. One of the primary reasons for the difficulty and cost of building these tools is that tool developers generally need to build a significant amount of supporting infrastructure before they can make use of the important architectural design expertise that the tools encapsulate. This infrastructure includes both the concepts underlying the tools' functionality and the implementation of the tools themselves. This dissertation describes a new approach to capturing and using architectural design expertise in software architecture design environments. A language and tools are presented for capturing and encapsulating software architecture design expertise within a conceptual framework of architectural styles and design rules. The design expertise thus captured is supported with an incrementally configurable software architecture design environment that specialized design environment builders and end-users can easily and quickly customize by specifying the architectural styles and design rules that the environment needs to support.
Implementation Standards Access to Hospitals and Continuity Of Service

Access to a hospital and continuity of services are very important for the continuity of the hospital so that people who need health services are interested in visiting the hospital and utilizing the health services. The aims of the research are to find out the implementation of access to the hospital and continuity of service at X Hospital. The design of the research was descriptive qualitative research with observation and interview to collect the data. In observation, the subjects are 180 patients registered. In the interview, step is human resources who concerned on hospital access and continuity of service. Data analysis used interviews coding and calculated the observation result. Results and discussion are Observations on the implementation of a standard operating procedure for hospital access and continuity of services have been carried out in excess of 80%, but there are obstacles in the implementation, one of which is not all clinical staffs know the step in standard operational procedure. The conclusion is Clinical staff has implemented the standard operational procedure of Hospital access and service continuity exceeds 80%.
Point-of-service questionnaires can reliably assess patients’ experiences

Rationale, aims and objectives Point-of-service patient experience measures are increasingly used to evaluate health services but their psychometric properties have not been reported. The current study determined the test-retest reliability of a point-of-service patient experience questionnaire used in an inpatient rehabilitation centre. Method Patient experience data were collected from inpatients by two community volunteers using an electronic hand-held five-item Likert-style questionnaire. Eighty-one participants completed the questionnaire at Test 1 and Test 2 (two to four hours apart). Twenty three participants completed the questionnaire at Test 1 and Test 3 (one week apart). Results There were small and non-significant differences between test and retest scores for individual questions and the five-item total score. Kappa and intra-class correlations coefficients indicated moderate to good agreement. Subgroup analysis indicated that participants who had previously completed the questionnaire during their inpatient stay gave more consistent answers between Test 1 and Test 2 than first time responders. Conclusion Patients participating in sub-acute inpatient rehabilitation can provide reliable answers to a point-of-service patient experience questionnaire.
Design and Development of an Industrial Solver for Integrated Planning of Production and Logistics

Faced with an increasingly hard competition, an increasingly unstable economic environment and ever-increasing customer requirements, companies should optimize costs and lead times not only at their level but also at the entire supply chain to which they belong. In such situation, an integrated supply chain management is necessary. In this paper, we discuss one of the essential building blocks of the integrated supply chain management, which is the integrated planning of the sup-ply chain. We introduce a new method for integrated planning of production and logistics, which is the MLRP (Manufacturing and Logistics Requirement Planning). This method allows supply chain planners to determine in advance, for the entire planning horizon, the manufacturing orders, the supplier’s commands and the transport orders as well as vehicles routing for distribution of finished products and for the collection of components/raw materials. We will also discuss in this article the design and development of the solver which execute the MLRP method, this solver is the SMLRP that will be used to implement the proposed method on the different encountered industrial cases.
On-line EM algorithm and reconstruction of chaotic dynamics

We previously (1998) proposed an online EM algorithm for the normalized Gaussian network model, which is a network of local linear regression units. In this paper, we apply our approach to an identification problem of unknown nonlinear dynamics. Our approach is able to reconstruct the dynamics in shorter learning steps than approaches based on the recurrent neural network model. Even when dynamical variables can partially be observed, our approach is able to well reproduce the trajectory of the observed variables.
Intelligent intrusion detection system

of INTELLIGENT INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM by Nitin Bhatia Intelligent Intrusion Detection System (IIDS) is a multi-tier enterprise-level Bayesian algorithm based application written in Perl scripting language. A knowledgebased discovery process uses weights added to Snort. rules which Bayesian algorithm processes in this 1IDS model. In this project, all alerts identified by Snort through sniffing of network traffic are stored in MySQL database; and a front-end component written in CGI Per] programming language presents these alerts as "True" or "False" options to system administrator. After verification by looking at alerts, system administrator can decide whether a particular attack is "True" or "False" by clicking on one of the buttons. This selection helps Bayesian algorithm learn about various options from stored data in the database such as the attackers IP addresses, types of attack(s) done by attacker(s), number of times attack(s) occurred etc. And from next time on, such attacks automatically get identified as either "True" or "False" as per initial selection; hence making this project unique from other such IDS models based on Bayes algorithm. The goal of this project is to have an lIDS system which will prevent false positive alerts in the near future, and will also assist identify true attacks and the attacks under progress, as an early detection tool. lIDS does not guarantee any protection from an attack(s) for which there are no rules, also called zero day attack(s). Committee Chair Dr. Du Date iv Signature removed ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to thank those who helped me with this project. The great success of this project can be attributed to the guidance and support of many of my friends and colleagues. I would like to sincerely thank my sponsor, Dr. Du Zhang, for his advice and constant encouragement. I sincerely appreciate the valuable time and effort Dr. Zhang dedicated towards this project. I would like to also thank Prof. Richard Smith, my second reader, for reading my project report and making beneficial suggestions on content.
Applying a phenomenological approach to games analysis: A case study

One expressed need in computer games literature is for intrinsic evaluation methodologies and workable operational research procedures to evaluate subjective game-play experiences and judgments and other user “pay-offs. ” A phenomenological methodology provides an appropriate “bottom-up,” subject-centered, inductive, and empirically driven research approach. However, a need exists for case examples and specific methods to follow on how to apply a phenomenological methodology to games research. The authors offer a case study of how they used it to develop and test evaluation criteria for games, illustrating their analysis with examples from two studies where 25 participants played, then analyzed, offline adventure and role-play computer games. The authors’ evaluation approach offers bridges between the design and analytical sciences. It contributes to the analytical sciences by attempting to identify theoretical principles for evaluating quality in narrative adventure and role-play games. It contributes to the design sciences by supplying findings expressed as design principles for games improvement.
AIDS Vaccine Trial Produces Disappointment and Confusion

VaxGen says that when the data from its first-ever real-world test of an AIDS vaccine were broken down into racial groups, the vaccine appeared to have worked in black, Asian, and mixed-race participants. But hours after VaxGen made the data public, AIDS researchers began pasting asterisks and red flags all over the results.
Joint mode estimation in multi-label classification by chaining

Many recently proposed algorithms in multi-label classification are believed to outperform their baseline competitors by exploiting structure and dependencies in the label space. However, most of these algorithms are presented in a purely application-driven manner, despite being intuitively appealing and showing strong performance in empirical studies. In this article we study one of these methods in detail, namely classifier chains, thereby helping to gain a better understanding of this approach. As a main result, we clarify that the original chaining method intends to predict the joint mode of the conditional distribution of label vectors in an approximate manner. Since exact inference is known to be intractable in general, this is of course a reasonable strategy. However, as a result of a theoretical regret analysis, we conclude that the existing greedy algorithm can perform quite poorly in terms of subset 0/1 loss. Therefore, we present an enhanced inference procedure for which the worst-case regret can be upper-bounded far more tightly. Finally, we discuss connections with related frameworks, such as conditional random fields and structured support vector machines, and we present experimental results confirming the validity of our theoretical findings.
Aircraft relative attitude measurement based on binocular vision

With the development of computer vision and image processing technology, vision measurement has been paid more and more attention. In the aviation field, estimating the relative attitude of aircraft using computer vision is important in aircraft flight-refueling, target tracking and positioning. However, the existing methods to measure the attitude of aircraft have some problems. In this paper, we propose to use binocular vision measurement method to acquire the attitude data of aircraft. This method has the advantages of simple realization and high practical value, which can also be widely used in visional measurement applications.
Programming fundamentals and human factors: an empirical study of three variables

In the present study we identify and experimentally investigate variations in the values of three important variables that are present in learning environments for programming fundamentals: the type of the source of problems (concrete vs. abstract); the type of the programming language grammar (context-free vs. natural language like); and the distance between the concepts in the source of problems and the programming language primitives (close vs. distant). We understand that the results of our research can be used to design better courses and learning material, to improve students' performance in the learning of introductory programming.
The automatic recognition of Afrikaans stop consonants in continuous speech by machine

The stops are modelled at a subphoneme level using continuous hidden Markov models. Each state within a particular Markov model represents a specific segment that might occur within a stop, for example, silence. These models, as well as being able to identify an unknown stop, can provide a 'fine transcription' used to obtain further features pertinent to stop recognition, such as voice onset time, to modify the initial classification provided by the stop model. This is achieved with a k-nearest neighbour probability density function estimator. The use of the system in recognition experiments gave results of 58% on stops found in most environments and 72% on stops found in the specific environment vowel-stop-vowel. <<ETX>>
A system design for content-based image retrieval and analysis of mammograms using PostgreSQL with image-handling extension

This paper presents the design of a system for content-based image retrieval applied to mammograms. The system takes into account the imprecision presents in the search, and makes available user-defined methods to create new image descriptors as well as user-defined feature vectors formed by combinations of previously defined descriptors using a graphical interface. The system was projected and developed using the eXtension Relational DataBase Management System (XRDBMS) PostgreSQL with Image-Handling Extension (PostgreSQL-IE) that supports content-based image retrieval. PostgreSQL-IE is independent of application, and offers the advantage of being open-source and portable. The extended data manipulation and definition language for manipulating image data in the proposed extension is called SQL-IE. The language has a syntax similar to that of SQL (Structured Query Language), and is composed of a set of functions that includes commands to create new feature extraction procedures, new feature vectors as a combination of previously defined features; and new access methods. SQL-IE also includes resources for defining queries by combining conventional and visual data. PostgreSQL-IE makes a new image data type available that permits associating several images with one unique attribute. This resource makes possible the combination of visual features of different images in the same feature vector.
Soft-tissue ankle injuries

Soft-tissue ankle injuries are extremely common and frequently present in the emergency department or to the general practitioner. The lateral ligament complex is most commonly affected, usually following an injury with the ankle in an inverted, plantar-flexed position. The diagnosis is usually clinical, and delayed examination and reassessment 3—5 days after injury is recommended as pain and swelling hinder accurate assessment immediately following injury. Applying the Ottawa ankle rules can reduce the number of unnecessary radiographs. Treatment is usually non-operative with the focus on controlling ankle swelling and pain, and early restoration of ankle movements. Surgical repair of ligaments may be indicated in certain cases, though the role of surgery in the acute setting remains unclear. In the present review, we discuss the anatomy, mechanism of injury, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of soft-tissue ankle injuries as well as consider how such injuries may be prevented.
Playing Multiplayer Online Games - Attractive Factors

Since the birth of Internet a few decades ago, playing computer games has become a social action that involves numerous users. There can be several reasons that can explain this behaviour but not many studies have been done on the topic. This thesis provides a discussion about the features that make multiplayer online games attractive to the users and analyzes in which degree they are important according to different points of view; the researcher, expert, active players, and casual players. The study has employed questionnaires, interviews and observations that provide empirical data for the discussion. The study shows that there are two main features included in online games that are important from the user’s point of view: the communication and the challenge of playing against other people. On the other hand, the interface is not an issue that incites the user to continue playing. It has been found that there are other facts that are incentives for playing, such as the story schemed through the game or the urge to become better. The possibility of attaining new knowledge about the mechanics of the game as well as improving one’s skills are important factors in the sense that the game should allow it in an intuitive way; neither too easy nor too difficult, as both extremes divert the attention of the players from the game.
Early clinical results of time-of-flight optical tomography in a neonatal intensive care unit

Medical optical imaging (MOI) and spectroscopy (MOS) use light emitted into opaque tissues in order to determine the interior structure and chemical content. These optical techniques have been developed in an attempt to prospectively identify impending brain injuries before they become irreversible, thus allowing injury to be avoided or minimized. Optical imaging and spectroscopy center around the simple idea that light passes through the body in small amounts, and emerges bearing clues about tissues through which it passed. Images can be reconstructed from such data, and this is the basis of optical tomography. We have used a time-of-flight system reported earlier to monitor oxygenation and image hemorrahage in neonatal brain. This chapter summarizes our early results.
Image Quality Concepts

We present several concepts useful in the specification, evaluation, and control of image quality for digital capture. We start by introducing the terminology and application of image quality models. The value of these models, however, lies in the ability to connect them to characteristics of images or imaging systems. Translating image quality into technology selection and design can be done when we have a physical understanding of design and performance. We describe methods for the objective measurement of several key imaging characteristics. They are then related to current practice by reference to several established imaging performance standards. These system-based methods are often complemented by applying human vision models. Vision models are also part a larger set of techniques collectively known as Image Quality Assessment (IQA). IQA is based on extracting measures directly from digital images, particularly useful for processing paths which adapt to image content. Keywords: image quality; imaging performance; imaging standards; MTF; noise-power spectrum; image quality assessment; IQA; JND
Modeling and Analyzing of RRC Protocol Process Based on CPN

To guarantee the protocol implementation is correct, protocol testing is essential. Formal specification provides a middle method for protocol testing, which can support verification and testing protocol semi-automatically or automatically. RRC is an important protocol in WCDMA system. So the paper describe RRC protocol process as a formal model based CPN modeling method, then analysis and verify the model with CPN Tools to ensure it is correct.
Future therapy in intracerebral hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage: Aspiration and thrombolysis

Vascular malformations constitute an important cause of intracranial hemorrhage especially in younger patients. These malformations may arise from any segment of the different functional units of the brain vasculature, including arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. Among vascular malformations causing intracranial hemorrhage, brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are among the most frequently encountered. Brain AVMs commonly affect distal arterial branches and in roughly half of the cases, the malformation is found in the borderzone region shared by the distal anterior, middle, and/or posterior cerebral arteries. Cerebral angiography may help to differentiate brain AVMs from other types of intracranial anomalies with arterio-venous shunting. Resection of an associated developmental venous anomaly is contraindicated as its occlusion may lead to venous stasis, brain edema, and eventual hemorrhage. A developmental venous anomaly (DVA) is found in up to 30% of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) patients.