Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Apolipoprotein E and B Gene Variation in Determining Response of Lipid,

A large segment of the population is modifying its dietary cholesterol intake to achieve a healthier life-style. However, all individuals do not respond equally. We have investigated the effects that that two physiologically important polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein (apo) E and B genes have on the responses of plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels to a high-cholesterol diet. Over a 6-wk period, individuals were prescribed two diets, one consisting of 300 mg dietary cholesterol/d for 3 wk and one consisting of 1,700 mg dietary cholesterol/d for 3 wk. Total cholesterol, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apo B levels were significantly increased on the high-cholesterol diet. Average total cholesterol (numbers in parentheses are SDs) went from 167.6 (23.4) mg/dl on the low-cholesterol diet to 190.8 (36.2) mg/dl on the high-cholesterol diet; LDL-C went from 99.9 (24.8) mg/dl to 119.2 (33.4) mg/dl, and apo B went from 74.9 (24.5) mg/dl to 86.8 (29.5) mg/dl. In 71 individuals, the frequencies of the apo s2, £3, and s4 alleles were . 09, . 84, and . 07, respectively. The frequency of the longer, apo B signal peptide allele (5'O1SP27) was . 68. Apo g2/3 individuals had significantly lower LDL-C levels than did £3/3 homozygotes, on both the lowcholesterol diet (LDL-C lower by 21 mg/dl) and the high-cholesterol diet (LDL-C lower by 27 mg/dl). Average triglyceride levels were significantly different among apo B signal peptide genotypes, with the 5'DSP27/37 homozygotes having the lowest levels (70 mg/dl). When individuals were switched from the low-cholesterol diet to the high-cholesterol diet, in no case were the average responses in lipid levels significantly different among apo E or B genotypes. Therefore, these gene loci do not have a major effect on the response of lipid levels to increased dietary cholesterol.
The Effects of Sexual Partnerships and Relationship Characteristics on Three Sexual Risk Variables in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in the United States are experiencing an alarming increase in HIV incidence. Recent evidence suggests that the majority of new HIV infections in YMSM occur in the context of serious relationships, which underscores the importance of examining predictors of sexual risk behavior in the context of sexual partnerships, including relationship type, sexual partner characteristics, and relationship dynamics. The current study aimed to evaluate relationship and sexual partnership influences on sexual risk behavior in YMSM, including differentiating between multiple sexual risk variables (i.e., any unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse, unprotected insertive anal or vaginal intercourse, and unprotected receptive anal intercourse). More serious/familiar partnerships were associated with more sexual risk across all three risk variables, while wanting a relationship to last was protective against risk across all three risk variables. Some variables were differentially linked to unprotected insertive sex (partner gender) or unprotected receptive sex (partner age, partner race, believing a partner was having sex with others, and partners repeated across waves). Sexual risk behavior in YMSM is inconsistent across sexual partnerships and appears to be determined in no small part by sexual partner characteristics, relationship dynamics, and sexual role (i.e., insertive or receptive partner). These influences are critical in understanding sexual risk in YMSM and provide important targets for intervention.
Coordinated Control of Passive Transition from Grid-Connected to Islanded Operation for Three/Single-Phase Hybrid Multimicrogrids Considering Speed and Smoothness

With the proliferation of distributed generation in distribution networks, quickly and smoothly converting to a state of regional autonomy in the case of distribution network failure is one of the main challenges for the stable operation of a multimicrogrid (MMG). To address the aforementioned problem, this paper proposes coordinated control of the passive transition from grid-connected to islanded operation for a three/single-phase hybrid MMG. Under the premise of fully considering the constraints on the tie-line transfer power undertaken by the master power supply (MPS), the following two scenarios regarding safety and emergency are formulated: 1) when the output power of the MPS is in the safe range, the proposed strategy coordinates the energy storage (ES) in each submicrogrid (SMG) to achieve power balance; 2) when the output power is in the emergency range, this paper proposes a three-phase balance method based on a bubble sort to realize the combination optimization of the single-phase source-load-storage (SLS) and a fast power regulation method based on implicit enumeration for the SLS to reduce the tie-line transfer power, which could prevent failure of the mode transition from power overload. The test results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed coordination strategy.
Analyse/conception par points de vue : le profil VUML

L'objectif de la these est de proposer une extension du langage de modelisation unifie (UML) orientee points de vue. Cette extension, appelee VUML (View based Unified Modeling Language) offre un formalisme (extension d’UML) pour modeliser un systeme logiciel par une approche combinant objets et points de vue. Le principal ajout a UML est celui du concept de classe multivues. Une classe multivues est une unite d’abstraction et d’encapsulation qui permet de stocker et restituer l'information en fonction du profil de l'utilisateur. Elle offre des mecanismes de gestion des droits d’acces aux informations, de changement dynamique de points de vue et de gestion de la coherence entre les vues dependantes. De plus, VUML propose un modele de composant multivues qui permet de representer une classe multivues au niveau du diagramme de composants. Sur le plan semantique, VUML etend le metamodele d’UML et introduit un certain nombre de stereotypes regroupes sous forme d’un profil UML. A l’instar d’UML, la semantique VUML comprend un aspect statique et un aspect dynamique. La semantique statique de VUML est definie par le metamodele, des regles de bonne modelisation (well-formedness rules) exprimees en langage formel OCL (Object Constraint Language) et des descriptions textuelles informelles. La semantique dynamique quant a elle est decrite d’une maniere informelle. Sur le plan methodologique, VUML propose un noyau d’une demarche qui permet d’integrer de facon logique et consistante la notion de point de vue dans le processus de developpement dans le contexte de l’approche MDA (Model Driven Architecture). L’outil support a VUML a ete concu et realise en adaptant l’atelier Objecteering/UML par la technique des profils. Cet outil permet de mener une modelisation a base de vues, de verifier la coherence des modeles elabores et de generer du code objet (Java,.) en appliquant un patron d’implementation generique sur un diagramme de classes VUML.
AJA180020 513..525

Purpose: This article introduces concepts and a general taxonomy used by the educational data mining (EDM) community, as well as examples of their applications, with the aims of providing audiology educators with a referential basis for developing this area. Method: A narrative review was carried out to present an overview of EDM and its main methods. Some of these methods were exemplified with analysis of real data from an Internet-based specialization course on pediatric auditory rehabilitation. Results: The review introduced EDM main concepts and applications and described methods from its area. Real
Rigid nanoparticle-baseddelivery of anti-cancer siRNA: challenges and opportunities

Gene therapy is a promising strategy to treat various genetic and acquired diseases. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a revolutionary tool for gene therapy and the analysis of gene function. However, the development of a safe, efficient, and targetable non-viral siRNA delivery system remains a major challenge in gene therapy. An ideal delivery system should be able to encapsulate and protect the siRNA cargo from serum proteins, exhibit target tissue and cell specificity, penetrate the cell membrane, and release its cargo in the desired intracellular compartment. Nanomedicine has the potential to deal with these challenges faced by siRNA delivery. The unique characteristics of rigid nanoparticles mostly inorganic nanoparticles and allotropes of carbon nanomaterials, including high surface area, facile surface modification, controllable size, and excellent magnetic/optical/electrical properties, make them promising candidates for targeted siRNA delivery. In this review, recent progresses on rigid nanoparticlebased siRNA delivery systems will be summarized.
Pharmacology and Immunological Mechanisms of an Herbal Medicine, ASHMITM on Allergic Asthma

Allergic asthma is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease for which there is no satisfactory treatment. Studies reported tolerability and efficacy of an anti-asthma herbal medicine intervention (ASHMI) for asthma patients, developed from traditional Chinese medicine. To investigate the pharmacological actions of ASHMI on earlyand late-phase airway responses (EAR and LAR), Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice received 6 weeks of ASHMI treatment beginning 24 h following the first intra tracheal OVA challenge. EAR were determined 30 min following the fourth challenge and LAR 48 h following the last challenge. ASHMI effects on cytokine secretion, murine tracheal ring contraction and human bronchial smooth muscle cell prostaglandin (PG) production were also determined. ASHMI abolished EAR, which was associated with significantly reduced histamine, leukotriene C4, and OVA-specific IgE levels, as well as LAR, which was associated with significantly reduced bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) eosinophils, decreased airway remodeling, and lower Th2 cytokine levels in BALF and splenocyte cultures. Furthermore, ASHMI inhibited contraction of murine tracheal rings and increased production of the potent smooth muscle relaxer PGI2. ASHMI abrogation of allergic airway responses is associated with broad effects on asthma pathological mechanisms.
On the Use of Excess Homozygosity for Subpopulation Detection

Fults D, Brockmeyer D, Tullous MW, Pedone CA, Cawthon RM (1992) p53 mutations and loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 17 and 10 during human astrocytoma progression. Cancer Res 52:674-679 Mashiyama S, Murakami Y, Yoshimoto T, Sekiya T, Hayashi K (1991) Detection of p53 gene mutations in human brain tumors by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products. Oncogene 6:1313-1318 Nigro J, Baker S, Preisinger A, Jessup J, Hostetter R, Cleary K, Bigner S, et al (1989) Mutations in the p53 gene occur in diverse human tumour types. Nature 342:705-708 Ohgaki H, Eibel RH, Wiestler OD, Yasargil MG, Newcomb EW, Kleihues P (1991) p53 mutations in nonastrocytic human brain tumors. Cancer Res 51:6202-6205 Orita M, Suzuki Y, Sekiya T, Hayashi K (1989) Rapid and sensitive detection of point mutations and DNA polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction. Genomics 5:874-879 Saiki R, Gelfand D, Stoffel S, Scharf S, Higuchi R, Horn G, Mullis K, et al (1988) Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239:487-491
Relations between Social Support, PTSD Symptoms, and Substance Use in Veterans

Social support plays a significant role in the development, maintenance, and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there has been little investigation of social support with PTSD and its frequent comorbid conditions and related symptoms. Substance use disorders (SUD) are one set of conditions that have yet to be investigated in combination with PTSD and social support. As compared to civilians, veterans are at increased risk for developing both PTSD and SUD. In this study, veterans (N=171) with symptoms of PTSD (76% met diagnostic criteria) and SUD (83% met diagnostic criteria for any dependence) were recruited and completed clinician-rated and self-report measures of PTSD, SUD, and social support. Overall, low social support was reported in the sample. When controlled for the other disorder's symptoms, PTSD symptoms demonstrated a significant negative relation and SUD symptoms demonstrated a significant positive relation to social support. The PTSD findings are consistent with previous studies on PTSD and social support without SUD comorbidity. However, the SUD findings are inconsistent with previous studies, which focused primarily on older veterans. Together, these findings highlight the significance of social support in individuals with PTSD and SUD, and promote future research within comorbid presentations.
Balanced, Nearly Optimal Mixture Experiments for Models with Interactions with Process Variables

Abstract In mixture experiments, the settings of the predictor variables are limited by the fact that the ingredients are dependent. There may also be other, non-mixture, variables (process variables) to consider. Here, designs are considered for two types of second-order models in mixture and process variables, including certain mixture/process interactions. Several new balanced D-optimal (or nearly D-optimal) designs are proposed and are compared with quasi D-optimal designs and other balanced designs previously suggested. The properties of these new balanced designs are examined for the extended model with linear mixture by second-order process variable interactions; the designs are either D-optimal or nearly D-optimal and have diagonally partitioned information matrices, simplifying the model building process. An example from the bread industry illustrates the value of such designs.
MYB308-mediated transcriptional activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase 6 promotes iron uptake in citrus

Abstract Iron-deficiency chlorosis is a common nutritional disorder in crops grown on alkaline or calcareous soils. Although the acclimation mechanism to iron deficiency has been investigated, the genetic regulation of iron acquisition is still unclear. Here, by comparing the iron uptake process between the iron-poor-soil-tolerant citrus species Zhique (ZQ) and the iron-poor-soil-sensitive citrus species trifoliate orange (TO), we discovered that enhanced root H + efflux is crucial for the tolerance to iron deficiency in ZQ. The H+ efflux is mainly regulated by a plasma membrane-localized H+-ATPase, HA6, the expression of which is upregulated in plants grown in soil with low iron content, and significantly higher in the roots of ZQ than TO. Overexpression of the HA6 gene in the Arabidopsis thaliana aha2 mutant, defective in iron uptake, recovered the wild-type phenotype. In parallel, overexpression of the HA6 gene in TO significantly increased iron content of plants. Moreover, an iron deficiency-induced transcription factor, MYB308, was revealed to bind the promoter and activate the expression of HA6 in ZQ in yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift, and dual-luciferase assays. Overexpression of MYB308 in ZQ roots significantly increased the expression level of the HA6 gene. However, MYB308 cannot bind or activate the HA6 promoter in TO due to the sequence variation of the corresponding MYB308 binding motif. Taking these results together, we propose that the MYB308 could activate HA6 to promote root H+ efflux and iron uptake, and that the distinctive MYB308-HA6 transcriptional module may be, at least in part, responsible for the iron deficiency tolerance in citrus.
Maltreatment in Childhood and Adolescence

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, standardized questionnaires were administered to persons aged 14 and older in a representative sample of the German population. Statistics on maltreatment in childhood and adolescence were collected with the German version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to detect potential associations of maltreatment with demographic variables including sex, age, place of birth, and social class.
Strategies Chosen by YMSM during Goal Setting to Reduce Risk for HIV & Other STIs: Results from the Keep It Up! 2.0 Prevention Trial

Although there have been great advances in the prevention of HIV in the last two decades, young men who have sex with men (YMSM) continue to be disproportionately impacted. Utilizing qualitative data from a sample of YMSM (N = 292) engaged in a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of an internet-based HIV prevention program, we examined YMSM’s goals for sexual risk reduction. Goals tended to focus on strategies used to prepare for safer sex or strategies to be used during sex. In both areas, five categories of strategies were identified: skill-related, intrapersonal, social, contextual, and instrumental. Findings suggest opportunities for more tailored eHealth intervention by focusing on strategies in domains of most use to the individual. Future research should include longitudinal assessment of barriers and facilitators to goal adherence, utility of goals in increasing safer sex behaviors, and changes to goals over time.
Interferon- Prevents Death of Bystander Neurons during CD8 T Cell Responses in the Brain

T cells restricted to neurotropic viruses are potentially harmful as their activity may result in the destruction of neurons. In the Borna disease virus (BDV) model, antiviral CD8 T cells entering the brain of infected mice cause neurological disease but no substantial loss of neurons unless the animals lack interferon(IFN). We show here that glutamate receptor antagonists failed to prevent BDV-induced neuronal loss in IFN-deficient mice, suggesting that excitotoxicity resulting from glutamate receptor overstimulation is an unlikely explanation for the neuronal damage. Experiments with IFN-deficient mice lacking eosinophils indicated that these cells, which specifically accumulate in the infected brains of IFN-deficient mice, are not responsible for CA1 neuronal death. Interestingly, BDV-induced damage of CA1 neurons was reduced significantly in IFN-deficient mice lacking perforin, suggesting a key role for CD8 T cells in this pathological process. Specific death of hippocampal CA1 neurons could be triggered by adoptive transfer of BDV-specific CD8 T cells from IFN-deficient mice into uninfected mice that express transgene-encoded BDV antigen at high level in astrocytes. These results indicate that attack by CD8 T cells that cause the death of CA1 neurons might be directed toward regional astrocytes and that IFNprotects vulnerable CA1 neurons from collateral damage resulting from exposure to potentially toxic substances generated as a result of CD8 T cell-mediated impairment of astrocyte function. (Am J Pathol 2009, 174:1799–1807; DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080897; DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080897)
Levels of Estrogen Receptors α and β in Frontal Cortex of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: Relationship to Mini-Mental State Examination Scores

Estrogen exerts beneficial effects on the brain throughout life. Studies demonstrate that estrogen is neuroprotective and that reduced brain estrogen activity may influence the clinical course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Changes in levels of estrogen receptors have been detected in postmortem brain tissue of AD patients. Very little is known about the relationship between clinical stage and levels of estrogen receptors in postmortem brain. We hypothesized that estrogen receptor levels would be related to severity of cognitive impairment assessed proximate to death. Western blotting was used to quantify ER-α and ER-β in nuclear, cytosolic, and crude membrane fractions of superior frontal cortex from 25 AD patients. Multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, and education showed a significant linear relationship between Mini-Mental State Examination score (MMSE) and wild-type nuclear ER-α (â = 5.463, p = 0.03), but none between MMSE and wild-type nuclear ER-β (â = 2.29, p = 0.36). We incidentally observed additional higher and lower molecular mass bands for ER-α in study subjects. Additional experiments performed on frontal cortex nuclear fractions prepared from subjects enrolled in a different study confirmed that these same bands are present in female and males with and without AD. Together our data show a relationship between wild-type ER-α and level of cognitive impairment in AD, and also suggest the possibility that variant isoforms of ER-α may be present in frontal cortex of patients with and without AD.
S-nitrosothiol signaling regulates hepatogenesis and improves outcome following toxic liver injury

Toxic liver injury is a leading cause of liver failure and death, due to the organ’s inability to regenerate amidst massive cell death, and few therapeutic options exist. The mechanisms coordinating damage protection and repair are poorly understood. Here, we show that Snitrosothiols regulate liver growth during development and after injury in vivo: in zebrafish, NO enhanced liver formation independent of cGMP-mediated vasoactive effects. Following acetaminophen (APAP) exposure, inhibition of the enzymatic regulator, S-nitrosoglutathione
Protein Kinase A RI-alpha (PKA) Predicts Prostate Cancer Outcome: An Analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 86-10

Purpose—The RI-alpha regulatory subunit of Protein Kinase A Type 1 (PKA) is constitutively overexpressed in human cancer cell lines and is associated with active cell growth and neoplastic transformation. This report examines the association between PKA expression and the end points of biochemical failure (BF), local failure (LF), distant metastasis (DM), cause-specific mortality (CSM) and overall mortality (OM) in men treated with radiotherapy, with or without short term androgen deprivation in RTOG 86-10. Materials and Methods—Pretreatment archival diagnostic tissue samples from 80 patients were stained for PKA by immunohistochemical methods, out of a parent cohort of 456 cases. PKA intensity was scored manually and by image-analysis. Cox proportional hazards model for OM and Fine and Gray’s regression models for CSM, DM, LF and BF were then applied to determine the relationship of PKA expression to the end points. Results—Pretreatment characteristics of the missing and determined PKA groups were not significantly different. In univariate analyses, high PKA staining intensity was associated with BF (image-analysis: continuous variable, p=0.022), LF (image-analysis: dichotomized variable, © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Correspondence: Alan Pollack, MD, PhD, Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, Tel: (215) 728-2940, Fax: (215) 728-2868, E-mail: Alan.Pollack@FCCC.EDU. Conflict of Interest: None Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 October 2. Published in final edited form as: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 August 1; 71(5): 1309–1315. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp. 2007.12. 010. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript p=0.011), CSM (manual, p=0.037; image-analysis: continuous, p=0.014) and DM (manual, p=0.029). In Multivariate analyses, the relationships to BF (image-analysis: continuous, p=0.03), LF (image-analysis: dichotomized, p=0.002) and DM remained significant (manual: p=0.018). In terms of CSM, a trend of an association was seen (manual, p=0.08; image-analysis: continuous, p=0.09). Conclusions—PKA overexpression was significantly related to patient outcome and is a potentially useful biomarker for identifying high-risk prostate cancer patients who may benefit from a PKA knockdown strategy.