Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Oh, the Places You Can Go” Gen Z Psychology Students’ Perceived Career Options and Interests

Background: Career options available to psychology graduates are often underestimated despite psychology being a marketable and versatile degree with hundreds of career options. Objective: This article identifies which career options students perceive as available to psychology graduates and assesses student interest in psychology-related careers. Method: In Study 1, 12 focus groups consisting of 59 psychology majors were asked to list the career options available to psychology graduates. In Study 2, 430 psychology students rated their interest in 273 psychology-related careers. Results: Study 1 revealed careers perceived as available to psychology graduates were most often in counseling (92%) and applied-settings (50%) with child-related (42%), business (25%), and research (25%) careers listed less often. Study 2 revealed psychology majors were most interested in counseling and child-related careers, with 18 of their top 20 careers of interest involving mental health or working with children. Conclusion: Students are often unaware of career options in psychology beyond counseling. Consequently, they tend to be most interested in careers related to counseling and children, particularly careers involving the mental healthcare of children. Teaching Implications: Findings may encourage psychology departments to communicate the broad range of psychology career options for the recruitment and advising of psychology majors.
Basic programs for the CO{sub 2} system in seawater

The CO{sub 2} system in seawater is characterized by four measurable parameters: TA, the total alkalinity; TC, the total (inorganic) CO{sub 2} (the sum of the dissolved CO{sub 2}, the carbonate, and the bicarbonate); pH; and either fCO{sub 2}, the fugacity of CO{sub 2}, or xCO{sub 2}, the mole fraction of CO{sub 2} in air. Ta and TC are independent of temperature; fCO{sub 2}, xCO{sub 2}, and pH are not. The knowledge of any two of these parameters, along with the temperature, the salinity, the abundances of other constituents of seawater, and the relevant equilibrium constants, allows the determination of the other two. There are four programs in this package: CO2SYSTM.EXE; FCO2TCO2.EXE; PHTCO2.EXE; CO2BTCH.EXE. They are designed to be run on any 80 x 86 computer equipped with the DOS operating system. They are run simply by typing the program name from the command line. All input data for these programs should be in micromoles per kilogram of solution ({micro}mol/kg-soln), micro-atmospheres ({micro}atm) in the case of fCO{sub 2}, and parts per million (ppm) in the case of xCO{sub 2}. The pH should be on the total scale. All outputs are in these units also. Each program in this package allows a choice from the four sets of constants K{sub 1} and K{sub 2}: those of Roy et al., Goyet and Poisson, Hansson and Mehrbach et al.
Trees at a Moderately Arid Site Were More Sensitive to Long-Term Drought

Climate change has dramatically altered the frequency and intensity of droughts, thereby altering tree growth. Understanding whether tree growth in semiarid areas in response to long-term drought and the post-drought recovery rate of tree growth vary along moisture gradients is crucial for predicting future forest change. Here, we assessed the spatial variation in both the growth resistance of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) to long-term drought and its post-drought recovery using a stand-total sampling strategy along a moisture gradient that covered three sites (with an annual precipitation of 330.4, 394.2, and 515.9 mm for the western, middle, and eastern sites, respectively) with six plots. Resistance and recovery were evaluated by analyzing the tree growth trends during a long-term drought period (1980–2001) and the subsequent post-drought period (2001–2013), respectively. Our results indicate that the trees with the highest temporal stability were those at the wetter eastern site; specifically, during the long-term drought period, the trees at the wetter eastern site showed the highest resistance (−0.015) and the lowest recovery (0.002). The trees in moderately arid conditions were much more sensitive to climate change than those at the relatively arid western site, showing the lowest resistance (−0.050) and highest recovery (0.020). Climate change had the strongest impact on tree growth at the moderately arid site, contributing 60.6% to the tree growth decreasing trend during the long-term drought period and 65.4% to the tree recovery during the post-drought period, respectively. Climate change had a lower impact on tree growth at the wet and dry sites, contributing less than 50% to the tree growth trends at these sites. The results indicate that a trade-off relationship exists between resistance and recovery at the different sites; that is, the highly resistant trees at the wetter eastern site tend to have lower recovery, whereas the weakly resistant trees at the moderately arid site tend to have higher recovery. These results have implications for predicting tree growth in response to future climate change.
A Simple Microstructure Model Based on the Cox-BESQ Process With Application to Optimal Execution Policy

Abstract We develop a microstructure model whose order flow is driven by a Cox-BESQ process. We derive important analytical properties of the Cox-BESQ process in order to explicit the stock price dynamics at different time scales, provide different parameter estimators and solve the optimal execution problem. We implement the model using a large data set of stock index and bond futures. Our results show that the Cox-BESQ process provides an alternative framework to the Hawkes process to build a microstructure model that is very flexible and has an explicit solution.
The Measurement of Demographic Temperature Using the Sentiment Analysis of Data from the Social Network VKontakte

Social networks have a huge potential for the reflection of public opinion, values, and attitudes. In this study, the presented approach can allow to continuously measure how cold “the demographic temperature” is based on data taken from the Russian social network VKontakte. This is the first attempt to analyze the sentiment of Russian-language comments on social networks to determine the demographic temperature (ratio of positive and negative comments) in certain socio-demographic groups of social network users. The authors use generated data from the comments to posts from 314 pro-natalist groups (with child-born reproductive attitudes) and eight anti-natalist groups (with child-free reproductive attitudes) on the demographic topic, which have 9 million of users from all over Russia. The algorithm of the sentiment analysis for demographic tasks is presented in the article. In particularly, it was found that comments under posts are more suitable for analyzing the sentiment of statements than the texts of posts. Using the available data in two types of groups since 2014, we find an asynchronous structural shift in comments of the corpuses of pro-natalist and anti-natalist thematic groups. Interpretations of the evidences are offered in the discussion part of the article. An additional result of our work is two open Russian-language datasets of comments on social networks.
Synthesis of Planar Arrays Based on Fast Iterative Shrinkage-Thresholding Algorithm

In this communication, a pattern synthesis method based on fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA) is proposed for nonuniform planar arrays. In the proposed method, the array synthesis problem is first expressed as a weighted least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) problem. Then, the weighted LASSO problem is solved iteratively by FISTA to acquire the locations of reconstructed array elements. At last, two kinds of methods are given to acquire the excitations of the reconstructed array elements. The first kind of method to obtain the excitations is based on the least-squares method. Another way to calculate the excitations is based on convex optimization. The characteristics of these two methods are discussed in this communication. A series of numerical examples are introduced to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Effect of different shrub species on their sub‐canopy soil and vegetation properties in semiarid regions

Shrubs are one of the most dominant plant types in semiarid ecosystems all over the world. What remains to be investigated is how soil and vegetation characteristics vary under canopy of different species of shrubs in these regions. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effect of three shrub species (Amygdalus scoparia, Ebenus stellata, and Daphne mezereum) on soil and vegetation characteristics under their canopies in semiarid rangelands in Iran for restoration purposes of degraded areas. Fifteen sites were selected in such three shrub species, which were found close to each other in each site. Soil and vegetation characteristics were measured under the shrubs, comparing with outside the shrub canopies (control). One‐way ANOVA and nonmetric dimensional scaling were used to clarify the differences of the effects of different shrub species on sub‐canopy soil and plants. The results indicated that the effect of different species of shrubs on soil properties was not equal, more pronounced by A. scoparia. Similarly, the highest value of Shannon‐Wiener diversity was recorded under A. scoparia (2.07) as compared with D. mezerum (1.76), E. stellata (1.41) (F = 32.25, p < 0.01). The highest and lowest values of Menhinick richness index were observed under A. scoparia (3.43) and E. stellata (1.46), respectively (1.41) (F = 13.30, p < 0.01). Compared with two other shrubs, a taller canopy in A. scoparia (3.50 m vs. 2.60 m and 1.83 m) probably led to greater litter input by the shrub. Different effects of different species of shrubs on sub‐canopy soil and vegetation should be considered in the restoration projects of degraded semiarid rangelands.
Policing the COVID-19 pandemic: police officer well-being and commitment to democratic modes of policing

ABSTRACT Police organisations have a wealth of experience in responding to emergencies, but COVID-19 is unprecedented in terms of the speed, scale and complexity of developing doctrine and its implementation by officers. The crisis also threw into sharp relief the fact that police policy and, crucially, practice are always implemented within wider social, political and economic contexts. Using online survey data collected from 325 police officers based at forces operating across different UK contexts (cities, conurbations, towns and rural areas), we seek to understand officer experiences and perceptions of policing COVID-19. In particular, we examine whether (internally) organisational climate and (externally) the UK government’s response to COVID-19 were important to (a) officers’ support for police use of force at times of emergency, (b) officer’s support for procedurally just policing at times of emergency, and (c) their health and well-being; and whether identification and perceptions of self-legitimacy mediate the associations between these variables. We show that a positive organisational climate was associated with less support for police use of force, more support for procedurally just policing and increased police officer health and well-being. Our results, however, suggest potential negative correlates of police officer self-legitimacy: higher levels of self-legitimacy were associated with poorer police officer health and well-being and increased support for police use of force. These results have important implications for our understanding of police officer well-being and police officers’ commitment to democratic modes of policing when faced with policing a pandemic.
Natural Convection in an Anisotropic Porous Medium Heated from the Side. Effects of Amisotropic Properties of Porous Matrix.

Natural convection heat transfer in a square cavity filled with a saturated anisotropic porous medium has been investigated analytically. One vertical wall is kept at a constant temperature which is higher than that of the other. Top and bottom walls are insulated. All boundaries are assumed to be nonpenetrable for the fluid. The temperature and stream function are expanded about Ra, the Rayleigh number of the system. The series solutions are then substituted in the governing equations. Equating terms of equal power of Ra, a number of sets of the homogeneous or nonhomogeneous linear systems are generated. The linear systems are solved by Fourier series. Anisotropy of both permeability and thermal conductivity is considered in the process of solving these linear systems. The degrees of anisotropy of fluid permeability Kx/Ky and of thermal conductivity kx/ky are varied from 0.1 to 100 and from 0.01 to 100, respectively. The effect of both anisotropy of permeability and thermal conductivity on the overall heat transfer is found to be equally significant. It is also found that the anisotropy of a porous medium produces similar effects on flow and temperature patterns as does the geometric aspect ratio of the rectangular cavity.
Study on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Distribution in Bituminous Coal

Seven bituminous coals were pretreated through Sohxlet extraction,rotation concentration and column purification,and seventeen PAHs tested by GC to investigate the distribution characteristics of PAHs in bituminous coals.It was found that the maximum point of total PAHs occurs in 80%～83% of the region,with dry ash free carbon mass fraction of 75%～80%. With the increase of coalification degree,the content of PAHs with more rings increases.Also,carbon content,volatile content,O/C mole ratio,and H/C mole ratio have some relationships with PAHs concentration in bituminous coals.
Modelling future changes to the hydrological and thermal regime of unaltered streams using projected changes in climate to support planning for sensitive species management

Climate change will alter stream habitats through precipitation and air temperature changes and potentially threaten species that rely on contemporary streamflow and stream temperature regimes. Habitat projections are therefore critical to inform management decisions. Past and ongoing research has improved streamflow and temperature modelling in ungauged regions, but no studies merge these advancements with climate modelling for regional streamflow and stream temperatures predictions that describe stream habitat change. Here, we predict change in streamflow and stream temperature at the reach scale using projections from downscaled global climate models (GCMs) and the ‘business as usual’ carbon emission scenario. We focus on unaltered streams in six southern California watersheds using data from baseline (1982–2014) and projected end‐of‐century (2082–2100). Stream temperature is projected to increase regionally, with high‐elevation stream reaches increasing most rapidly. There is less consistency in the streamflow projections, but a spatial and temporal homogenization of stream flow characteristics was predicted, that is, flows become more similar across the region with less inter‐annual variation. Additionally, there is a regional trend towards larger high flow magnitudes and more storm events. Despite the increased frequency and magnitude of storm events, high‐elevation streams are predicted to become drier for a greater portion of the year. Conversely, low‐elevation streams are predicted to have longer hydroperiods. Mapping future streamflow and stream temperatures at the reach scale can direct conservation efforts to streams that remain suitable, restoration to areas that decrease in suitability for target species, and support water policies that consider future stream condition.
Magnetic Nickel–Phosphorus/Polymer Composite and Remotely Driven Three-Dimensional Micromachine Fabricated by Nanoplating and Two-Photon Polymerization

We have prepared and characterized nickel–phosphorus (Ni–P)/polymer composite and demonstrated a method for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) micromachines by combining two-photon polymerization (TPP) of polymer and electroless plating of Ni–P alloy to achieve high mechanical performance and remotely controllable capability. Ni–P electroless plating process has been optimized. The mechanical performance of the Ni–P/polymer composite film, such as the hardness and modulus, was improved to 1.74 and 34.93 GPa with a Ni–P alloy layer, respectively. The Ni–P alloy layer deposited on the surface of the 3D micromachine provides good response capability in the magnetic field. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate that the as-prepared magnetic 3D micromachine was able to be remotely manipulated expeditiously by the external magnetic field. This study would open up a broad prospect for developing remote manipulated 3D micro/nanomachine with excellent mechanical performance.
Load Characteristics in Taylor Impact Test on Projectiles with Various Nose Shapes

This study focused on the impact load produced by a projectile and its potential application in the Taylor impact test. Taylor impact tests were designed and carried out for projectiles with four types of nose shapes, and the impact deformation characteristics and variation of the impact load as a function of the nose shape and impact velocity were studied. The overall high g loading experienced by the projectile body during the impact was discussed, and based on classical Taylor impact theory, impact analysis models for the various nose-shape projectiles were established and the causes of the different impact load pulse shapes were analyzed. This study reveals that the nose shape has a significant effect on the impact load waveform and pulse duration characteristics, while the impact velocity primarily affects the peak value of the impact load. Thus, the loading of specific impact environments could be regulated by the projectile nose shape design and impact velocity control, and the impact load could be simulated. Research results support the assumption that the Taylor impact test can be applied to high g loading test.
Toward replication study types for design science research

In design science research, two important challenges exist to achieve greater influence in research and practice: (1) foster frequent reuse of artifacts and design theories and (2) increase knowledge accumulation in the field. In this article, we argue that replication studies could support the accumulation and development of design theories to reach a state that encourages reuse of artifacts and design theories. However, it is unclear precisely how replication relates to design science research—that is, what outcomes replication produces and how researchers should apply it within design science research. This study proposes three overarching research questions (Does the artifact provide utility? Is the design theory complete? What design theory components fit a larger context? ) and eight categories for replication studies in design science research (Test, Redesign, Justification, Adaptation, Explanation, Update, Recreation, and Meta-Replication). We offer guidance to researchers, editors, and reviewers on how to conduct replication studies in design science research and why such studies are so critical. Our goal is to provide “food for thought” on the significance of design science research replication studies and, in turn, help facilitate their widespread implementation and publication. We conclude our study by highlighting areas for further discussion and investigation, such as defining replication procedures and conceptualizing genuine replication goals within design science research.
The Role of Supporting Factors on Patenting Activities in Emerging Entrepreneurial Universities

Academic patenting has become an important part of the university-industry collaboration and technology transfer but few studies have investigated the institutional frameworks and organizational incentive and support structures in terms of patenting activity. This article, therefore, seeks to fill this gap by examining institutional and infrastructure supporting factors and the impact that they have on university patenting within an emerging economy higher education system, namely Turkey. The analyses use logit regression to test a set of hypotheses on a large-scale sample of Turkish universities. The findings highlight the positive role of supporting factors on a university's patenting performance, acting complementarily to the role of Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs). This article will be a guide for managers and practitioners to use supporting factors complementing the activities of TTOs in emerging economies in increasing patent applications. Finally, this article highlights future research directions and limitations of the research.
Iridium complex loaded polypyrrole nanoparticles for NIR laser induced photothermal effect and generation of singlet oxygen

Iridium complex loaded polypyrrole nanoparticles (Ir-PPy NPs) have been prepared through the polymerization of pyrrole by Fe3+ in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and iridium complex. The Ir-PPy NPs exhibited a photothermal effect and the generation of singlet oxygen. In the Ir-PPy NPs, PPy could convert light energy to heat with a photothermal conversion efficiency of ∼35.5% when irradiated by a 730 nm continuous wave (CW) laser, and the iridium complex could generate singlet oxygen when irradiated by a 730 nm CW laser, as confirmed by monitoring the consumption of DPBF at 410 nm.
Flexible, Magnetic, and Electrically Conductive Graphene/Fe3O4 Paper and Its Application for Magnetic-Controlled Switches

The emerging field of free-standing and flexible paperlike materials based on graphene sheets has become the focus of considerable research in recent years because of the scientific and technological significance of these materials. In particular, multifunctional flexible graphene-based films or papers are in high demand for various applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of magnetic, electrically conducting, and flexible paper composed of graphene and nanoscale Fe3O4 particles made using a simple yet versatile solution-processed approach. The conductive, magnetic, and mechanical properties of these free-standing hybrid papers with different loadings of nanoscale Fe3O4 particles were investigated. In addition to the excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, the obtained flexible graphene/Fe3O4 hybrid papers also show superparamagnetism, which can be tuned easily through modulation of the loading of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Combining all of these outstanding properties, we have fabrica.
Tomographie optique diffuse de fluorescence de la souris

An optical fluorescence tomographer is being developed in the CEA-LETI in order to non invasively characterize tumors targeted by a fluorescence marker on living small animals. As biological tissues optical properties are highly heterogeneous, accurate fluorescence reconstructions must take them into account. It is achieved by reconstructing an optical heterogeneity map from the excitation measurements before doing the actual fluorescence distribution reconstruction. Validation experiments performed on a phantom show, accordingly to simulations, that the fluorescence reconstructions are improved quantitatively and qualitatively when the optical heterogeneity is taken into account. A follow up of lungs tumors of a living mouse shows the ability of the method to be applied for oncological studies.