Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stock Splits, a Survey

In this survey paper I summarize the literature's findings on the short-run and long-run effects of stock split announcements as well as what happens in the preceding and subsequent years around a stock split event. I also summarize how firm characteristics influence these results. Furthermore, I discuss the various theories regarding why splits occur and why stock return distributions change subsequent to split events. I specifically focus on the changes in the first and second moments of stock returns and analyze related theories such as optimal trading, optimal tick size, liquidity, and signaling. More importantly I present the pros and cons of each of these theories and discuss which of them are more plausible. I suggest that a combination of the several theories suggested in the literature can rationally explain the return distribution changes around stock splits. I conclude with suggestions for future research.
Detection of Community Acquired Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus among Staphylococcus aureus isolates.

The rates of MRSA infections in the hospital, as well as the disease in the community, have continued to rise. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) is a variable genetic element that contains the methicillin resistance determinant, mecA. SCCmec typing is one of the most important molecular tools available for distinction between community-acquired MRSA and HA-MRSA occurring on a worldwide basis. CA-MRSA has been reported to carry the loci for Panton Valentin leukocidin (PVL) in high frequency in association with the type IV SCCmec. Aim of this study was to differentiate between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA by detection of SCCmec and determination the prevalence of PVL gene among MRSA isolates. Material m moreover detection of PVL as virulence factor was also done. Results: The antibiotic sensitivity of CA- MRSA ranged from (11.76% for ceftazidime) to (47.06% for Imipenem, Erythromycin and Gentamycin); while the sensitivity of HA-MRSA ranged from (2.94% for Amoxicillin and Ampicillin/sulbactam) to (29.41% for Amikin). Out of 34 S. aureus strains; 26(76.47%) isolates were found to be resistant to oxacillin disc, 30(88.24%) isolates were resistant to methicillin; and all strains were resistant to cefoxcitin disc. All MRSA strains were confirmed to be methicillin resistant by detection of mecA gene using real time PCR. Out of 34 MRSA strains 32 (94.12%) were PBP 2a producer. In the present study, though, the majority (25out of 34) of our strains were not SCC mec typable, yet among the nine typable strains the six hospital strains belonged to type II and III as reported in the literature and the three CA-MRSA belonged to the novel type V reported by other workers to be associated with CA-MRSA and
Traditional Uses of Plants in Indigenous Folklore of Nizamabad District, Andhra Pradesh, India

The present ethno-botanical explorations conducted in forest areas of Nizamabad resulted in the information about traditional plant uses of 77 plants species belonging to 39 Angiospermic families. Of these, maximum species belongs to Euphorbiaceae with 7 species, 6 species to Asclepiadaceae and Fabaceae each. Information gathered from Nizamabad district indicates that the tribals, and other village people of this region possess good knowledge of herbal drugs, but their continuous and progressive exposure to modernization may result in extinction of the such rich heritage of knowledge in the course of time. Diseases / ailments found prevalent in the area are skin diseases, kidney stone, tooth ache, fever and wounds. Majority of preparation are from leaves and some are of underground parts (like root, rhizome, tuber, etc). Following data includes botanical name of species, vernacular name family, plant part used method of medicine and details about its application. Among the plant parts used in different formulations, leaves are abundantly used which is followed by stem and roots.
Teaching and Learning in Two iPad-Infused Classrooms: A Descriptive Case Study of a Dual Classroom, School-Based Pilot Project

This multi-methods, descriptive case study examines attitudes and practices of classroom-based iPad use. The site is one inner-city, urban, publicly funded school, focused on two iPad-infused classrooms (Grade 2/3 and Grade 4/5). Data were collected from 5 educators and 35 students to investigate two research questions: How are iPads being utilized in student instruction? How do educators and students perceive the value of using iPads in the classroom? For this study, we analyzed the transcript of a focus group with five educators, data from 10 days of structured student observations, and the results from 35 student questionnaires. Five themes emerged from the focus group; the strongest related to pedagogical practices. Data related to student perceptions indicated a positive attitude toward iPads. They enjoyed iPad use, were concerned about equity issues, had high self-ratings about related skills, felt they used it most often in Mathematics, and indicated various preferred applications. Overall, iPads were used in 31.7% of observed instructional time, 94.7% of which was facilitated by classroom teachers. Of this iPad- based instructional time, 72.5% was for individualized teaching, typically in language and/or mathematics instruction. Our analysis culminates in recommendations for school leadership such as teaching prerequisite skills and providing ongoing technological supports
Dignity-centered Care Model: an Attempt to Maintain Mutual Dignity Between the Patient and the Health System

Dignity-centered care model has recently attracted attentions in the literature. The International Council of Nurses emphasizes the provision of dignity-centered care coupled with ethic, and the World Health Organization asserts that access to dignif ied care must get an upper hand in the world. The present study aims to propose a model for dignity-centered care. In this study, a hybrid model was used as the research method. The research protocol included literature review, f ield study, analysis, and model development strategy. Dignity-centered care is associated with the maintenance of mutual dignity between the patient and the health system. We found, by maintaining mutual dignity between the patient and care providers, dignity-centered care increases mutual trust and satis f act ion, mutual understanding, ef fect ive communication and also improves the quality of caretaking. Abstract
Remoteness and Real Exchange Rate Volatility

This paper examines the impact of trade costs on real exchange rate volatility. The relationship is examined by constructing a two-country Ricardian model of trade, based on the work of Dornbusch, Fischer, and Samuelson (1977), which shows that higher trade costs result in a larger nontradables sector, in turn leading to higher real exchange rate volatility. We then construct a remoteness index to proxy for trade costs, and provide empirical evidence supporting the channel. Copyright 2006, International Monetary Fund
Starch and energy digestibility in weaned pigs fed extruded zero-tannin faba bean starch and wheat as an energy source

Digestion of extruded starch is poorly characterized. Two diets containing wheat or faba bean starch were extruded individually or combined 50:50 (wt/wt) and fed to weaned pigs. Ileal starch digestion tended to be higher (P < 0.10) for the extruded wheat diet than the extruded faba bean diets, while total tract digestibility of starch and energy was higher (P< 0.05) for the two extruded faba bean starch diets than the extruded wheat diet. Feed intake tended to be higher (P < 0.10) for extruded faba bean starch diet, but final body weight was not affected by extruded starch source. The in vivo kinetics of starch and energy digestion differed between extruded wheat and faba bean starch diets. Key words: digestibility, extrusion, faba bean, starch, weaned pig, wheat
Brillouin light scattering on Fe/Cr/Fe thin‐film sandwiches

Brillouin light scattering (BLS) in the backscattering configuration has been used to study the magnetic excitations in epitaxial Fe(38 A)/Cr(13 A)/Fe(38 A) thin‐film sandwiches. Spin‐wave frequency was measured versus in‐plane wave vector k and static in‐plane magnetic field H for both [100] and [110] direction fields and with k perpendicular to H. The range of applied fields was 50–1500 Oe. The wave‐number range was 0.45×105–2.3×105 rad/cm. The BLS spectra correlate with magnetization versus field profiles and confirm the antiferromagnetic coupling between the Fe layers. Under low‐field conditions and near‐antiparallel alignment of the Fe layer magnetization vectors, the spin‐wave frequencies from the Stokes and anti‐Stokes sides of the BLS spectra are different. These frequencies merge at high field. The low‐field splitting feature is very sensitive to small differences in thickness for the magnetic layers and indicates a thickness difference of 9%. Matchups between features of the BLS data and magneti.
Riesz transforms on forms and $L^p$-Hodge decomposition on complete Riemannian manifolds

In this paper we prove the Strong L p -stability of the heat semigroup generated by the Hodge Laplacian on complete Riemannian manifolds with non-negative Weitzenb¨ock curvature. Based on a probabilistic representation formula, we obtain an explicit upper bound of the L p -norm of the Riesz transforms on forms on complete Riemannian manifolds with suitable curvature conditions. Moreover, we establish the Weak L p -Hodge decomposition theorem on complete Riemannian manifolds with non-negative Weitzenb¨ock curvature.
Reducing Tick Size One the Stock Exchange of Tunis

the spread, the authorities reduced it for certain stocks by adopting a single level of 10 millimes whatever the price level and trading frequency. While referring to results of several researchers, we used to doubt that such a decision had ever been justified. Consequently, we have studied the impact of the reduction in tick size on return characteristics, liquidity and order revision strategy adopted by investors. We found that the change of tick size has not affected the return characteristics of the stocks in the three months following the date of the change and this result is due to a certain conservatism of the investors who carry on submitting their orders mainly to the prices authorized before the change of the tick. On the other hand, our results emphasize a deterioration of the liquidity for the stocks whose tick size was reduced and have a change in order strategy (for the stocks listed on the continuous) adopted by the investors who became more aggressive by revising frequently their orders.
Differences and Developments in Attitudes and Self-Efficacy of Prospective Chemistry Teachers Concerning the Use of ICT in Education

ICT belongs to modern life and is playing a growing role in education. For effective implementation of ICT in the classroom, teachers need to develop both positive attitudes and self-efficacy towards using these tools in educational settings. However, information measuring how positive such attitudes towards and how developed teachers’ self-efficacy on the use of ICT in education are remains scarce. This study examines the development of prospective chemistry teachers' ICT-related attitudes and their corresponding self-efficacy. It focuses on secondary level chemistry pre-service teachers’ attitudes and self-efficacy concerning the use of ICT in education in general, and in chemistry teaching in particular. Data was collected from pre-service teachers (n = 239) at different stages of their teacher education programs. The study describes the progression of domain-specific self-efficacy. It also investigates gender differences and highlights the influence of seminars on the use of ICT in science education.
A Chandra X-ray study of the mixed-morphology supernova remnant 3C 400.2

We present an analysis of archival Chandra observations of the mixed-morphology remnant 3C 400.2. We analysed spectra of different parts of the remnant to observe if the plasma properties provide hints on the origin of the mixed-morphology class. These remnants often show overionization, which is a sign of rapid cooling of the thermal plasma, and supersolar abundances of elements which is a sign of ejecta emission. Our analysis shows that the thermal emission of 3C 400.2 can be well explained by a two-component non-equilibrium ionization model, of which one component is underionized, has a high temperature (kT ≈ 3.9 keV) and supersolar abundances, while the other component has a much lower temperature (kT ≈ 0.14 keV), solar abundances and shows signs of overionization. The temperature structure, abundance values and density contrast between the different model components suggest that the hot component comes from ejecta plasma, while the cooler component has an interstellar matter origin. This provides the first evidence of an overionized plasma found in the outer regions of a supernova remnant, whereas the ejecta component of the inner region is underionized. In addition, the non-equilibrium ionization plasma component associated with the ejecta is confined to the central, brighter parts of the remnant, whereas the cooler component is present mostly in the outer regions. Therefore, our data can most naturally be explained by an evolutionary scenario in which the outer parts of the remnant are cooling rapidly due to having swept-up high-density ambient medium, while the inner parts are very hot and cooling inefficiently due to low density of the plasma. This is also known as the relic X-ray scenario.
Property rights protection and firm diversification: evidence from China

Firm diversi…cations are prevalent in many emerging economies in contrast to the practices in developed economies. A fundamental difference between these two types of economies is the existence of sound economic institutions including in particular property rights protection. Indeed it has been argued that diversi…ed …rms may thrive in situations of poor economic institutions, but much research is needed to substantiate this idea. In this paper, using a survey data set of private enterprises in China, we examine whether cross-region varia
Large eddy simulation based on stabilized finite element method for the analysis of wind field around spatial structures

This paper presents a stabilized finite element formulation for large eddy simulation to predict the turbulent flow with high Reynolds number, which can be applied for the simulation of wind field and wind pressure distribution around shell and spatial structures. The Smagorinsky sub-grid scale model is applied for the governing equations of incompressible viscous flow and the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) weak formulation is adopted for momentum equation. For the spatial discretization, the same order iso-parametric interpolation process for the flow’s velocity and pressure is introduced, and for temporal discretization, the explicit three-step finite element method is applied. All of those are adopted to overcome the instabilities of the FEM in solving the turbulent flow with high Reynolds number. For the numerical examples, we apply a lid driven flow of Re=10 in a square cavity and a flow past square cylinder at Re=22 000 with a moderate number of elements. Numerical results show that the present approach(that is, the combination of FEM with SUPG and the explicit three-step finite element method) can effectively suppress the computational instabilities for flow velocities and pressure fields, and is an efficient and reliable numerical procedure for solving turbulent flows with high Reynolds number.
A scientific data mining approach to midwater multibeam echosounding for fisheries applications

Midwater acoustic backscatter measurements collected by multibeam sonar offer new opportunities and challenges for fisheries applications. A scientific data mining technique to handle midwater multibeam backscatter data is presented. Most of the earlier research on multibeam echosounding for fisheries has focused on the core basic technologies of multibeam transducers, the associated signal processing, and calibration. Some work has been done with post-processed data, but no systematic methodology for post-processing of midwater multibeam backscatter data has emerged. In this paper, the problem is placed in a data mining framework. A model inversion technique is utilized, by applying the inverse of an approximation to the multibeam echosounding model. The proposed approach leads to a data product consisting of a collection of midwater soundings. A multibeam midwater sounding is the equivalent of the standard multibeam soundings as obtained from hydrographic multibeam instruments. These soundings can be visualized directly, allowing for exploratory data analysis in a 3d or 4d interactive environment. A sounding is a measurement in space and time, and has associated attributes or features, such as the backscatter value. Other features can be tagged to the soundings, forming generalised data nodes. Advanced spatiotemporal data mining techniques can now be applied to this set of nodes. Some further clustering techniques are presented, clustering the soundings into groups representing coherent objects in the water column, or, more specifically, fish schools. Global properties of clusters can be derived from the individual feature tags of the soundings, thus allowing for classification of schools into classes of similar types. The latest developments of this research are presented.
Common fixed point theorems for hybrid F -contractions and applications

In the present paper, we derive a common xed point theorem for a hybrid pair of occasionally coincidentally idempotent mappings satisfying closed multi-valued F -contraction condition introduced by Wardowski (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2012:94) via common limit range property in the frame of complete metric spaces. Also, hybrid mappings which satisfy an F -contractive condition of Hardy-Rogers type are considered. Our results improve several results from the existing literature. Two applications are presented|the proofs of existence of solutions for certain system of functional equations arising in dynamic programming, as well as for certain Volterra integral inclusion.
Gender Differences in the Length of Words and Sentences on the Corpus of Congressional Speeches

Gender differences in various subfields and registers have been of an interest to sociolinguists since the 1960s. This paper aimed to examine gender differences in the categories of word count, words per sentence and long words in political speeches. The study was conducted on the corpus of the congressional speeches from the most current 113th United States Congress. The corpus consisted of 672 speeches given by the female and 2,983 by the male politicians. The speeches transcripts were downloaded from the official speech repository Thomas. The analysis was two-fold. First, the transcripts were analyzed with the text analysis software Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count which counted overall words and words per sentence and calculated the degree to which the politicians used long words. The computational analysis was followed by a statistical analysis done with the software SPSS which was used to carry out the Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the male politicians occupied the floor longer but the female politicians used longer words in their speeches, while there were no statistically significant differences in the length of sentences.
RHYTHMOS: An Interactive System for Exploring Rhythm from the Mathematical and Musical Points of View

This paper introduces RHYTHMOS: an interactive software system designed as a tool-kit for the visualization, exploration, understanding, analysis, praxis, and composition of musical notated (symbolic) rhythms. As such it provides user-friendly bridges between art (music composition), performance (praxis), mathematics (cyclic polygons and the distance geometry of point sets on a circle), and science (the psychology of music perception). A description is provided of the system’s capability and interactive graphical user interface. Applications to teaching, learning, and practicing rhythms are discussed. Examples are given of the kinds of research that RHYTHMOS facilitates. These include the testing of rhythmic features for the classification, clustering, and phylogenetic analyses of families of rhythms.
Dynamic correlation analysis of US financial crisis and contagion: evidence from four OECD countries

By analysing the Dynamic Conditional Correlations (DCC) of the daily stock returns of four OECD countries with that of the US for the period 2006–2010, we could find a process of increasing correlations (contagion) in the first phase of the US financial crisis and an additional increase of correlations (herding) during the second phase of the US financial crisis for the UK, Australia and Switzerland. However, the impact of the US financial crisis on Japan was limited to the increase in correlation volatilities in the first phase. We also propose a new approach (DCC Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic model with Exogenous variables (DCCX-MGARCH)) that allows simultaneous estimation of the DCC and their determinants, which can be used to identify channels of contagion. It is shown that an increase in VIX stock market index increases conditional correlations but an increase in the TED spread and relative stock market capitalization decrease conditional correlations of stock returns between four OECD countries and the US.
A local depth measure for general data

We herein introduce a general local depth measure for data in a Banach space, based on the use of one-dimensional projections. Theoretical properties of the local depth measure are studied, as well as, strong consistency results of the local depth measure and also of the local depth regions. In addition, we propose a clustering procedure based on local depths. Applications of the clustering procedure are illustrated on some artificial and real data sets for multivariate, functional and multifunctional data, obtaining very promising results.
CONFIDENCE IN GOVERNMENT AND PERSONAL NETWORKS

This Study empirically examines the core assumption of social capital argument that general trust promotes inter-group relation. More specifically, The study attempts to show how the trust in political institutions, which has been assumed to have close relationship with general trust, affects range and composition of personal network. Based on nationally representative data collected by ISDPR (Institute for Social development and Policy Research), this study shows that confidence in government increases the range of personal networks in terms of regional background. In addition, confidence in government also affects the composition of personal networks. The discussion focuses on the relationship between the instrumental value of social relationships and performance of the government. Although the mechanism varies across the characteristics of social parameter, this study concludes that the confidence in government increases the inter-group relationships.
The Relationship between Health and Environment: Econometric Analysis

This study explores the interrelationships between health status, environment indicator and other socioeconomic factors at the national level, using data on 80 countries in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005. By fixed effects specification, the study found the negative relationship between infant mortality rate and particulate matter. With better access to clean water and proper sanitation, the country tends to have lower infant mortality rate. In addition, demographic factors such as population density also show the negative impacts on infant mortality rate. Hence, there are several factors that policy makers should integrate in order to make better standard of living and health status.