Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of intraoperative electrocorticography in bypass surgery for adult moyamoya disease: a preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE Postoperative complications of surgical revascularization in moyamoya disease (MMD) are difficult to predict because of poor knowledge of the underlying pathophysiological process. Since the aim of surgery is to improve brain dynamics by increasing regional blood flow, we hypothesize that postoperative complications are closely related to aberrant electrophysiological changes. Thus, we evaluated the clinical significance of intraoperative electrocorticography (iECoG) in bypass surgery for adult MMD. METHODS Ninety-one adult patients operated on by the same neurosurgeon in our institute were involved (26 in the iECoG group, 65 in the traditional group). Two 1 × 6 subdural electrode grids were placed parallel to the middle frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus to record ECoG data continuously during the procedure in the iECoG group. Selected from several M4 candidate arteries, the recipient artery was determined to be closer to the cortex with lower power spectral density (PSD) in the beta band. The PSD parameter we used was the (delta+theta)/(alpha+beta) (DTAB) ratio (DTABR). Next, the pre- and post-bypass PSD values were evaluated, and correlations between post-/pre-bypass PSD parameter ratios and neurological/neuropsychological performance (in terms of changes in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] and Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] scores) were analyzed. RESULTS Postoperative complications (transient neurological events) in the iECoG group were significantly lower than those in the traditional group (p = 0.046). In the iECoG group, the post-/pre-bypass DTABR ratio in the bypass area was significantly correlated with postoperative NIHSS (p = 0.002, r2 = 0.338) and MMSE changes (p = 0.007, r2 = 0.266). In the nonbypass area, neither postoperative NIHSS nor MMSE changes showed a significant correlation with the post-/pre-bypass DTABR ratio (p > 0.05). Additionally, patients with postoperative complications exhibited significantly higher DTABR (1.67 ± 0.33 vs. 0.95 ± 0.08, p = 0.003) and PSD of the theta band (1.54 ± 0.21 vs. 1.13 ± 0.08, p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to explain and guide surgical revascularization from the perspective of electrophysiology. Intraoperative ECoG is not only sensitive in reflecting and predicting postoperative neurological and cognitive performance but also usable as a reference for recipient artery selection.
SEMI-CIRCULAR BENDING TEST; SIMPLE BUT USEFUL?

A rapid and simple test that can be performed on easy to prepare specimens, which gives decisive answers on the material characteristics needed for pavement design, and which can also be used for quality control and quality assurance purposes, is a test that pavement engineers are looking for. The question is, however, "does such a simple test exist? " Unfortunately the answer seems to be "no". A simple test like, e.g., the Marshall test doesn't fulfill all these requirements and is therefore abandoned in many countries. Developments in the field of performance related and performance based specifications have resulted in a search for more appropriate "fundamental" tests like, e.g., a triaxial test. The problem with many of these tests, however, is that they lack simplicity and that specimens cannot easily be obtained from the pavement. Furthermore the need to do repeated load testing complicates the applicability of such tests. In the Netherlands as well as in some other countries, like, e.g., South Africa, the possibilities of the so-called semi-circular bending test are therefore investigated since it is believed that this test is a simple tool to obtain information on the modulus and the tensile characteristics of asphalt mixtures. In this paper this test is described and it is shown to what extent this test is indeed the simple test that fulfills all the requirements mentioned above.
Germplasm screening and molecular characterization of begomovirus associated with bitter gourd yellow mosaic disease in Punjab

The screening study was conducted to identify the germplasm resistant to begomovirus associated with bitter gourd yellow mosaic disease (BGYMD). A total of sixteen bitter gourd germplasms, procured from Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) were grown in protrays for this purpose. The virulent whiteflies fed on previously characterized infected plant source were allowed to feed on these germplasms. The per cent disease ıncidence ranged from 40 to 100 per cent. Based on 0-5 disease scale, none of the entries were found to be immune to begomovirus. However, the germplasm PAU BG-61 was found to be moderately resistant and recorded lowest per cent disease incidence. The DNA extracted from the infected plants, cross checked with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) confirmed the presence of begomovirus. The molecular characterization studies revealed that the associated begomovirus was close to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV).
The Influence of Social Norms and Attitude In Sustainable Fashion Product Purchase Behaviour

Fashion industry contributes almost 10% of global carbon emission, and then the term sustainable fashion emerged. Sustainable fashion has the potential to change the way people also consume the way the industry manufacture, the right balance between the two, will result in incredibly positive, socially and environmentally beneficial effects. While the benefits from sustainable fashion are exposed, the number of acquisitions is still low. Social norms and attitude was priory found to influence the purchase intention of sustainable fashion products. The purpose of this study is to measure the influence of attitude and social norms (descriptive and injunctive norms) towards the actual buying behaviour of sustainable fashion products. The variable purchase intention was added as a mediating variable. This study focuses on Jakarta and Bandung area. A questionnaire was distributed by an online survey tool to 210 respondents that are a consumer of sustainable fashion. Multiple linear regression and independent t-test analysis was conducted to generate the result. It is found that social norms (descriptive and injunctive norms) and attitude does have significant and positive relationships with the actual acquisition of sustainable fashion products. Though attitude was discovered to have a stronger influence if compared with social norms. Therefore, this study enhances the importance of the variables of social norms and attitude in terms of the actual behaviour of sustainable fashion products.
Forensic Audit: A Tool for Fraud Detection and Prevention in Nigerian Banks

This study examines forensic audit as a tool for fraud detection and prevention in Nigerian banks. The study took a census of the 27 Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) as at 31st December, 2019. The study used the secondary source to collect data from the Nigerian Deposit Insurance Corporations’ (NDICs) annual report of 2019. The study covered a period of ten (10) years spanning 20102019. Data generated were analyzed using charts, graphs, tables and regression. Our findings revealed that forensic audit has a significant negative effect on number of fraud cases, number of staff involved in bank fraud, and actual amount of bank losses through fraud in Nigerian DMBs. However, forensic auditing has insignificant impact on expected losses generated through fraud activities in the Nigerian banks. This study recommends that entity policy makers should educate staff on the implication of perpetrating fraud and the moral and economic hazard to the entity, the individual involve and economy as whole; employees should be rotated from time to time, this will enable entities discover where there are gap and loophole of fraud and Strong internal procedure should be put in place and should be constantly be updated to meet current trend.
EMG Sensor Based Finger Movement Detection

—In this article, we introduce our pilot research on ﬁnger movement detection based on the data collected by the Electromyography (EMG) sensor that is placed on the forearm to sense the muscle movements. The EMG sensor is battery powered and connects to the smartphone app through Bluetooth. The size of the EMG sensor is similar to a regular adhesive bandage for minor wound care. As it can be easily covered by sleeve, if we can successfully use them to accurately detect each individual ﬁnger movement, there will be many interesting applications such as playing a visual music instrument. We studied a machine learning model for processing the unﬁltered EMG signals generated by the muscle movement when we move each individual ﬁnger. The current average accuracy of ﬁve ﬁnger movement detection is about 87%.
Cutter

Wood is not enough and stone not enough. The house is trembling always, and everywhere John sees rotting, cracking, paint peeling, pipes leaking. If the decay is not apparent, it is because it is hidden and pernicious. He feels panicked, as if the house might fly apart at any moment—nails shoot from wood, the walls shudder with fatigue and collapse. The friction that holds the nails is a poor and pitiful force with gravity and entropy conspiring against it. John walks through the house touching the walls with his fingertips. Holdfast, he whispers, holdfast. Mary will be returning from the library board meeting soon. He checks that the boys are both asleep. Roger is six and Oliver will be turning eight in a few weeks. Mary has been planning a party for him—knights, costumes, dragons. She has asked John to clear a bower in the woods, a request he has neglected. He and Mary are both scattered in their energies, as if they could mount one half-decent love between them. He hopes they both avoid the children enough to keep this unevenness hidden from them. Mary has been put in charge of the library's evening lecture series; the previous month's was a bit of a disaster. The speaker was a poet, widely known by name but little read. He arrived drunk and read without humor a series of poems about jizz and farting. He breathed ponderously through his nostrils. He offered no reflections when he finished, just snapped his book shut, shouldered his coat, and left.
Elaborate the Mechanism of Ancient Classic Prescriptions (Erzhi Formula) in Reversing GIOP by Network Pharmacology Coupled with Zebrafish Verification

Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease that endangers human health. At present, chemical drugs used for osteoporosis have serious side effects. Therefore, it is valuable to search herbs with high safety and good curative effect in antiosteoporosis. Erzhi formula (EZF), an ancient classic compound, has been reported to have a beneficial effect in antiosteoporosis, but its mechanism is unclear. In this paper, the active compounds of EZF were found in Systems Pharmacology Database, and gene targets related to osteoporosis were obtained in GeneCards. The GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Metascape. The network of “components-targets-signal pathway” was constructed by Cytoscape. Next, molecular docking between the active components and hub genes related to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was conducted by Autodock. In the verification experiment, the zebrafish induced by prednisolone (PNSL) was used to reproduce glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) model, and then the reversal effects of EZF were systematically evaluated according to the behavior, skull staining area, bone mineralization area (BMA), average optical density (AOD), and cumulative optical density (COD). Finally, it was shown that 24 components in EZF could regulate 39 common gene targets to exert antiosteoporosis effect. Besides, the main regulatory mechanisms of EZF were 4 signaling pathways: PI3K-Akt, JAK-STAT, AGE-RAGE, and cancer pathway. In PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, wedelolactone, dimethyl wedelolactone, specnuezhenide, ursolic acid, acacetin, beta-sitosterol, apigenin, and kaempferol can bind tightly with EGF, IL-2, and IL-4 genes. Compared with the model group, the moving distance, swimming speed, and cumulative swimming time of zebrafish in EZF group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the BMA and COD of zebrafish were significantly improved after the intervention of EZF (P < 0.05). In summary, the 24 components of EZF exert their antiosteoporosis effects by regulating 39 related gene targets, among which the PI3K signaling pathway is crucial. EZF can promote bone formation and reversed GIOP through “multicomponent/multitarget/multipathway” and the medium dose of EZF may be the most suitable concentration for the treatment of GIOP in zebrafish model.
Prognostic Factors for COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients with Preexisting Type 2 Diabetes

Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) as a worldwide chronic disease combined with the COVID-19 pandemic prompts the need for improving the management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with preexisting T2D to reduce complications and the risk of death. This study aimed to identify clinical factors associated with COVID-19 outcomes specifically targeted at T2D patients and build an individualized risk prediction nomogram for risk stratification and early clinical intervention to reduce mortality. Methods In this retrospective study, the clinical characteristics of 382 confirmed COVID-19 patients, consisting of 108 with and 274 without preexisting T2D, from January 8 to March 7, 2020, in Tianyou Hospital in Wuhan, China, were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were performed to identify specific clinical factors associated with mortality of COVID-19 patients with T2D. An individualized risk prediction nomogram was developed and evaluated by discrimination and calibration. Results Nearly 15% (16/108) of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with T2D died. Twelve risk factors predictive of mortality were identified. Older age (HR = 1.076, 95% CI = 1.014–1.143, p=0.016), elevated glucose level (HR = 1.153, 95% CI = 1.038–1.28, p=0.0079), increased serum amyloid A (SAA) (HR = 1.007, 95% CI = 1.001–1.014, p=0.022), diabetes treatment with only oral diabetes medication (HR = 0.152, 95%CI = 0.032–0.73, p=0.0036), and oral medication plus insulin (HR = 0.095, 95%CI = 0.019–0.462, p=0.019) were independent prognostic factors. A nomogram based on these prognostic factors was built for early prediction of 7-day, 14-day, and 21-day survival of diabetes patients. High concordance index (C-index) was achieved, and the calibration curves showed the model had good prediction ability within three weeks of COVID-19 onset. Conclusions By incorporating specific prognostic factors, this study provided a user-friendly graphical risk prediction tool for clinicians to quickly identify high-risk T2D patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
The Kinetics of COVID-19 Vaccine Response in a Community-Vaccinated Population

Key Points The Amperial assay was used to measure salivary SARS-CoV-2 S1 Abs. IgG of 42 COVID-19 mRNA vaccinated individuals was longitudinally evaluated. Twenty percent of subjects experienced a 90% drop of peak IgG levels over time. We used a noninvasive electrochemical quantitative assay for IgG Abs to SARS-CoV-2 S1 Ag in saliva to investigate the kinetics of Ab response in a community-based population that had received either the Pfizer or Moderna mRNA-based vaccine. Samples were received from a total of 97 individuals, including a subset of 42 individuals who collected samples twice weekly for 3 mo or longer. In all, >840 samples were collected and analyzed. In all individuals, salivary SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG Ab levels rose sharply in the 2-wk period after their second vaccination, with peak Ab levels seen at 10–20 d after vaccination. We observed that 20%, 10%, and 2.4% of individuals providing serial samples had a 90%, 95%, and 99% drop, respectively, from peak levels during the duration of monitoring, and in two patients, Abs fell to prevaccination levels (5%). The use of noninvasive quantitative salivary Ab measurement can allow widespread, cost-effective monitoring of vaccine response.
Theoretical and practical approaches for dietary behavior change in urban socioeconomically disadvantaged adolescents: a systematic review

Abstract Context There is limited evidence on strategies used to promote dietary behavior changes in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban adolescents and on their effectiveness. Objective A synthesis of nutrition interventions used in this group of adolescents is provided in this systematic review. Data Sources Five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ERIC) were searched until November 2020 to identify relevant studies. Data Extraction Forty-six manuscripts (n = 38 intervention studies) met the inclusion criteria. Quality was assessed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool. A qualitative synthesis summarizing data on study characteristics was conducted. Data Analysis Studies were classified by intervention type as those focusing on hedonic determinants of dietary intake (n = 1), environmental changes to promote a specific dietary intake (n = 3), cognitive determinants (n = 29), and multicomponent strategies (n = 13). The social cognitive theory was the most applied theoretical framework, either alone or combined with other frameworks. Most of the intervention studies targeted multiple dietary outcomes, and success was not always reported for each. Conclusions Despite the heterogeneity of the studies and lack of combination of dietary outcomes into dietary scores or patterns to evaluate changes on the individuals’ whole diets, long-term, theory-driven interventions targeting a single dietary factor seem promising in obtaining sustainable dietary behavior changes. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020188219.
Assistive Technology Device Predisposition Assessment의 국내적용을 위한 번안연구

이 연구의 목적은 보조공학기기 사용자의 만족도, 삶의 질, 심리사회적 영향 및 보조공학기기 사용 결과를 평가하는 Assistive Technology Device Predisposition Assessment(ATD PA)를 체계적인 연구 절차에 따라 한국어판을 개발함으로써, 보조공학 현장에 필요한 사용자-중심의 보조공학 서비스 평가도구를 제공하는데 있다. 연구 과정은 영문 검사지의 한글번역, 번역검증위원회 그리고 번역 이해도 검증으로 구성된 번안 절차를 거쳐 한국어판을 완성하였다. 한글번역 문장에 대한 이해도를 검증하고자 보조공학기기를 사용하고 있는 75명의 장애인 사용자를 대상으로 번역 이해도 검증을 실시하였다. 한글번역 이해도 검증에 참여한 대상자들의 일반적인 특성은 고등학교 졸업 이상의 학력을 가진 사람이 71명(95.7%)이었으며, 대상자들 가운데 지체장애인이 50명(66.7%)으로 가장 많은 수를 차지하였다. 한글번역 문장의 이해도 수준은 전체 183개 문장 중 ‘감정적 웰빙’이 3. 7로 다소 낮게 나타났으며 그 외 모든 문장은 이해도가 4.0 이상으로 나타나 사용자들이 한글번역 문장에 대해 높은 이해도를 보였다. 보조공학기기 사용 적합성 평가도구는 번역문장 이해도 검증과 번역검증위원회 절차를 통해 내용타당도가 입증되었으므로, 향후 사용자-중심 평가도구로써 보조공학 현장에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.
Mediterranean Diet and Fatigue among Community-Dwelling Postmenopausal Women

Abstract We investigated cross-sectional relationships between the Mediterranean diet and overall fatigue, energy, and weariness scores among 4,563 women aged 65+ from the Women’s Health Initiative study. We also used the Isocaloric Substitution approach to explore whether the substitution of fish for red and processed meat, whole for non-whole grains, and whole fruit for fruit juice relate to RAND-36 measured overall fatigue and its subdomains. The alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) Index quintiles (Q1–Q5) and selected Mediterranean foods available on a Food Frequency Questionnaire were exposure measures. Results showed aMED Q5 was associated with 2.99 (95% CI: 0.88, 5.11), 4.01 (95% CI: 1.51, 6.53), and 2.47 (95% CI: 0.24, 4.70) point improvements in fatigue, energy, and weariness scores, respectively, compared with aMED Q1. Substituting fish for red and processed meat and whole for non-whole grains was associated with more favorable fatigue scores, whereas substituting whole fruit for juice was not.
Genetic and structural characterisation of 20 autosomal STR loci from the Henan Han population of Central China

Abstract Aim: This study was designed to investigate the genetic polymorphisms and forensic parameters of the 20 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci included in the PowerPlex® 21 System (Promega, USA) in the Henan Han population with a view to expand the genetic information available for this population in human genome databases. Subjects and methods: We evaluated the genetic polymorphisms from 20 autosomal STR loci using DNA typing based on 2995 individuals from the Henan Han population in Central China and then used this information to investigate the genetic relationships between this population and 10 other Han populations across China. These comparisons included genetic distance, phylogenetic trees, and principal component analysis (PCA). Results: We identified a total of 290 alleles and 1343 genotypes within the Henan Han population, with none of these loci deviating from their Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The population comparisons revealed that geographically close populations demonstrated closer genetic relationships. Thus, the Henan Han population was shown to be close to both the Beijing Han and Tianjin Han populations, creating a single cluster. In addition, these 20 STR loci exhibited a high degree of genetic polymorphisms, making them suitable for individual identification and parentage testing. Conclusions: The results of this study will enrich the forensic databases of Chinese Han populations and serve as a resource for further studies in these populations.
Voltage sensing based built-in current sensor for iddq test

Quiescent current leakage test of the VDD Supply (IDDQ Test) has been proven an effective way to screen out defective chips in manufacturing of Integrated Circuits (IC). As technology advances, the traditional IDDQ test is facing more and more challenges. In this research, a practical built-in current sensor (BICS) is proposed and the design is verified by three generations of test chips. The BICS detects the signal by sensing the voltage drop on supply lines of the circuit under test (CUT). Then the sensor performs analog-to-digital conversion of the input signal using a stochastic process with scan chain readout. Self-calibration and digital chopping are used to minimize offset and low frequency noise and drift. This non-invasive procedure avoids any performance degradation of the CUT. The measurement results of test chips are presented. The sensor achieves a high IDDQ resolution with small chip area overhead. This will enable IDDQ Of future technology generations.