Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Origins of Caring: A Study of the Development of Coding Categories for Prosocial Behaviors in Very Young Children

An abstract of the thesis of Mark W. Schuster for the Master of Science in Psychology presented June 2, 1995. Title: The Origins of Caring: A Study of the Development of Coding Categories for Pro social Behaviors in Very Young Children. There has a great deal of research regarding the positive social (prosocial) behaviors of young children. Children have been observed performing a number of different prosocial behaviors, including helping, showing, sharing, and responding to the distress of another. However, most of the previous research was conducted in laboratory settings. In order to describe the first manifestations of prosocial behaviors more accurately, research needs to be conducted in a natural setting. The purpose of the current study was to observe the origins of the prosocial behaviors of young children in a child development center. To accomplish this goal, a research team was assembled and pilot observations were made. Group meetings served as a forum for developing a coding system. The study included four observation periods over a six month span during which children's naturally occurring social interactions were videotaped. Thirty-seven children between the ages of 9 months and 3.5 years who attended a corporate affiliated child development center participated in the study. The first observation period included 37 children who were videotaped for an average of eighty-four minutes each. The three remaining observation periods included 21 children who were videotaped an average of ninety minutes each. Approximately 150 total hours of videotape were collected. In addition to developing a coding system, a reliability study was conducted. This study included 42 three-minute segments which were representative of the videotape that was collected. Also, all the behaviors under observation were included among these segments. The three newest members of the research team then coded the segments. Inter-observer agreement was assessed by computing percentage agreement and also by calculating Cohen's kappas. Repeated measures analysis of variance were performed to determine if there were differences between observers, across the age range of the children, or across the group activity that the children were involved in while being observed. Although there were no significant differences between kappa values, there were differences between the percentage agreements. The implications of these differences to the coding system is discussed and predictions pertaining to the frequency of pro social behavior are elaborated. THE ORIGINS OF CARING: A STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CODING CATEGORIES FOR PROSOCIAL BERA VIORS IN VERY YOUNG CHILDREN
Bayesian network considering the clustering of the customers in a hair salon

Abstract The service industry, which includes hair salons, currently accounts for almost 70% of Japan’s GDP(Gross Domestic Product). Although hair salons are frequently used, over the years, the industry has decreased in size. However, the number of hair-salon facilities and the number of hairdressers have both continued to increase, thus leading to the overcrowding of salons. Consequently, about 90% of hair salons close within 3 years after they first open; this is a significant issue. Today, various business approaches, such as using coupons, have been positively adopted by the Japanese hair-salon industry. However, some customers use a salon only once, while others use them repeatedly. Consequently, the effectiveness of different business measures can vary greatly, so it is necessary to conduct analyses of the various approaches. Therefore, from a management perspective, it is important to use actual data analysis to determine what types of menu items are most effective. In this study, we have identified soft clusters of customers by using an extension of the recency-frequency-monetary (RFM) analysis that is based on soft clustering. We used a Bayesian network to construct a causal model for each class that was obtained in this way. We also proposed a method that uses sensitivity analysis to determine an optimal menu for business measures.
Linking rehabilitation and re-integration process to examine re-offending behaviour

Risk-Need-Responsitivity (RNR) framework is one of the most widely applied framework in correctional rehabilitation. It is common for offenders to present multiple needs for intervention, however, RNR framework provide little guidance on the design for intervention programs in such cases. Especially for drug offenders, the well-documented relationship between drug and crime suggest inter-play between drug abuse and criminal thinking. Apart from the drug-crime nexus, familial relationship supports the rehabilitation journey for drug offenders. The current study examined whether change via an intervention that targets the three areas could be related. Secondary data from 327 male inmates above the age of 18, incarcerated due to drug-related offence was used. The data was collected as part of a larger evaluation study on interventions for drug offenders by Singapore Prison Service. The results suggested that better familial relationship at pre-intervention could increase the rate of change for criminal thinking and drug abuse. Rate of change in criminal thinking and drug abuse were positively correlated, suggesting that the two needs could be targeted together.
Exploring the Role of Boundary Spanning towards Service Ecosystem Expansion: A Case of Careem in Pakistan

The sharing economy has the potential to innovate new markets by making the reuse of idle resources globally. The practices of sharing culture vary among developed and developing countries because of the un-stabilized economic situation and bad infrastructure. (1) This research is based on a case study of transportation network company (TNC) that has the capability to change the conventional transportation system because of its agile nature; (2) the study analyzes the data conducted from Careem (TNC) in Pakistan by using a qualitative approach; (3) the results show that to find a solution for scarcity of products/services in developing countries caused by limited and scattered resources, a learning climate is created by Careem which enables Careem to understand social issues in Pakistan and to use these insights to further develop its business model. Under learning climate, Careem promotes the culture of respect towards collaboration; (4) overall, Careem plays a facilitative leadership role and brings together different stakeholders on one platform for contributing to a common goal to achieve sustainability. Further, with the joint efforts of all stakeholders, an extended service ecosystem has been formed through boundary-spanning activities. Careem acts as a core boundary spanner and supports other organizations to become a second level boundary spanner. Finally, Careem has made a substantial contribution to resolve the problem of unsustainability in Pakistan.
Control of Offshore MMC During Asymmetric Offshore AC Faults for Wind Power Transmission

The adoptions of medium voltage in ac collection networks of large dc-connected wind farms significantly increase the ac current magnitudes during normal and fault conditions. Controlling fault currents at zero during asymmetric ac faults is possible, but it has several drawbacks such as increased risk of protection mal-operation due to the absence of fault currents, which also tends to prevent the recovery of ac voltage in postfault. Therefore, this paper presents an enhanced control strategy that exploits the induced negative sequence voltages to facilitate controlled injection of negative sequence currents during asymmetric ac faults. The proposed control not only defines a safe level of fault current in the offshore ac network but also instigates immediate recovery of the ac voltage following clearance of ac faults, which avoid protection mal-operation. In addition, the positive sequence voltage set-point of the offshore modular multilevel converter (MMC) is actively controlled by considering the negative and zero sequence voltages, which effectively avoids the excessive overvoltage in the healthy phases during asymmetrical ac faults. The theoretical basis of the proposed control scheme is described and its technical viability is assessed using simulations.
A Cellular Automata Model Constrained by Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of the Urban Development Strategy for Simulating Land-use Change: A Case Study in Nanjing City, China

While cellular automata (CA) has become increasingly popular in land-use and land-cover change (LUCC) simulations, insufficient research has considered the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of urban development strategies and applied it to constrain CA models. Consequently, we proposed to add a zoning transition rule and planning influence that consists of a development grade coefficient and traffic facility coefficient in the CA model to reflect the top-down and heterogeneous characteristics of spatial layout and the dynamic and heterogeneous external interference of traffic facilities on land-use development. Testing the method using Nanjing city as a case study, we show that the optimal combinations of development grade coefficients are different in different districts, and the simulation accuracies are improved by adding the grade coefficients into the model. Moreover, the integration of the traffic facility coefficient does not improve the model accuracy as expected because the deployment of the optimal spatial layout has considered the effect of the subway on land use. Therefore, spatial layout planning is important for urban green, humanistic and sustainable development.
Effect of Moisture Absorption on the Mechanical Properties of Balsa Wood

Balsa wood is utilised in structural applications due to its lightweight and high strength properties. Recently balsa has been used as a core in aluminium sandwich panels where it is employed for its compressive properties. Little has been known of how the mechanical properties of balsa are affected after it absorbs moisture. The aim of this thesis project is to study the effect of moisture absorption on the mechanical properties of balsa. Balsa samples were immersed in plain water and water with 30% additives and tested for their mechanical properties at different rates of moisture content. The results provide insight into the direct correlation between the mechanical properties of balsa and the moisture content. These results are useful for future research into the use of balsa as a core material for sandwich panels.
Brain Tumor Segmentation and Survival Prediction Using Multimodal MRI Scans With Deep Learning

Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancies. Accurate and robust tumor segmentation and prediction of patients' overall survival are important for diagnosis, treatment planning and risk factor identification. Here we present a deep learning-based framework for brain tumor segmentation and survival prediction in glioma, using multimodal MRI scans. For tumor segmentation, we use ensembles of three different 3D CNN architectures for robust performance through a majority rule. This approach can effectively reduce model bias and boost performance. For survival prediction, we extract 4,524 radiomic features from segmented tumor regions, then, a decision tree and cross validation are used to select potent features. Finally, a random forest model is trained to predict the overall survival of patients. The 2018 MICCAI Multimodal Brain Tumor Segmentation Challenge (BraTS), ranks our method at 2nd and 5th place out of 60+ participating teams for survival prediction tasks and segmentation tasks respectively, achieving a promising 61.0% accuracy on the classification of short-survivors, mid-survivors and long-survivors.
Assessing Water and Soil Pollution Due to Uttara EPZ, Nilphamari, Bangladesh

The Uttara Export Processing Zone (UEPZ) is being the important industrial belt of the northern region. It is an important issue to find out the environmental impact of UEPZ. Water is the most important source of domestic, irrigation and industrial purpose in both rural and urban regions. The present study was carried out to find out the water and soil quality of UEPZ. Five heavy metals were selected (Fe, Cu, Mn, Pb, Cr) to assess water quality of UEPZ and two indices such as heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and contamination index (Cd) were selected to evaluate the impact on water. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in water samples were within the permissible limits of WHO drinking water quality. HPI of water samples in three sites was 20.57 which was lower than 100 the critical value for drinking water. Both results show the region is moderately or slightly polluted. Pollution risks of heavy metal in the soil were evaluated by method of geological acumination index (Igeo) and Pollution load index (PLI) for seven soil samples. The geological evaluation of the cumulative index results showed that the contamination degree of 4 heavy metals follows the sequence of Mn > Zn > Fe > Cu. Then the results of PLI of seven soil sample are 1.474 > 1.398 > 1.372 > 1.308 > 1.302 > 1.290 > 1.289. Both results show the soil sample area were unpolluted to moderately polluted. Finally, an overall impact of UEPZs environment is also discussed in this paper.
Development and Implementation of Interprofessional Relations Between a College of Pharmacy and Osteopathic Residency Programs in a Community Teaching Hospital

Background: Team-based health care optimizes patient outcomes, and therefore, both interprofessional education (IPE) and interprofessional relations (IPR) are required in health professions education, postgraduate training, and real-world clinical practice. Existing literature describes progressive developments and assessments of IPE in colleges of pharmacy and medicine; however, there are fewer reports describing processes or projects that foster physician-pharmacist IPR in clinical practices without established interprofessional collaborations. Objectives: The primary objective was to establish IPR between pharmacists and osteopathic residents in a community teaching hospital. The secondary objective was to innovate the delivery of pharmacotherapeutic content delivered to the residents during their didactic lecture series by providing active learning strategies. Methods: This report describes a project wherein college of pharmacy faculty developed IPR with osteopathic residents in a community teaching hospital that previously did not have any established physician-pharmacist IPR. Osteopathic medical residents completed a post-implementation survey after they attended a 12-month series of didactic lectures that incorporated active learning delivered by pharmacist faculty. Results: Sixty-six residents were eligible to complete the survey; 20 residents completed the survey. Eighteen residents believed that both physicians and pharmacists should be educated to establish IPR and that it should be included in professional, graduate, and continuing education settings for both professions. Sixteen residents believed that the active learning techniques employed by college of pharmacy faculty were useful for IPR. Conclusions: Physician-pharmacist IPR may be achievable in settings where IPR was previously sparse. Shared interests, adherence, and innovations in IPR frameworks are essential for developing physician-pharmacist IPR.
Modeling and analysis of medium speed maglev vehicle network based on CPN

With the upsurge of magnetic levitation construction and research in China, in order to improve the running speed of mid-low-speed maglev train, the 13th Five-Year Science and Technology Major Proposal put forward a medium speed maglev solution with long stator synchronous traction. According to this new plan, the magnetic levitation subsystem, including the control system, needs re-co-ordination design, and the car network system must be changed accordingly. In this paper, based on the original scheme, a new magnetic levitation vehicle network system is designed to meet the needs of localization. In this paper, colored Petri nets are used to model and analyze the original scheme and the improved scheme. It proves theoretically that the improvement scheme is superior to the original scheme in failure rate and can meet the actual project requirements.
The North Atlantic Provenance Database: an introduction

The amount of provenance information available for onshore and offshore sedimentary deposits in the North Atlantic Region is substantial and rapidly increasing. These data provide an improved understanding of reservoir geology (quality, diagenetic issues, regional source-to-sink relations and local stratigraphic correlations), and thereby can reduce hydrocarbon exploration risk. As such, the number of proprietary, industry-related and public research provenance studies has increased considerably in recent years, and the development and use of new analytical techniques has also caused a surge in the number of grains, isotopes and chemical elements analysed in each study. As a result, it is today close to impossible for the individual researcher or petroleum geologist to draw on all existing provenance data. And the vast expansion of data availability demands new and better methods to analyse and visualise large amounts of data in a systematic way To this end, the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) and the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) have established a web-based database of provenance data for the North Atlantic area: the North Atlantic Provenance Database. Construction of the database was funded jointly by GEUS and NPD. Future maintenance and further development will be funded by the petroleum industry by subscription to the database. Here, we provide a brief introduction to the database and its future development and expansion. We highlight the current capabilities with an example from East Greenland.
Potentiale von Enterprise Social Networks und Business Process Management zur Gestaltung effizienter Unternehmen

In dieser Dissertation werden ausgewahlte Fragestellungen aus den Bereichen Business Process Management (BPM) und Enterprise Social Networks (ESN) beantwortet. Im Kontext des BPM werden drei Forschungsfragen erarbeitet: (1) In welchem Ausmas sind BPM-Masnahmen in klein- und mittelstandischen Unternehmen umgesetzt? Welche Faktoren konnen identifiziert werden, die sich fordernd oder hindernd auf die Umsetzung von BPM-Masnahmen auswirken? (2) Welche Auswirkungen (z.B. Zeit, Kosten) haben BPI-Pattern in verschiedenen Szenarien? Was sind fordernde und hindernde Faktoren fur die Anwendung von einzelnen BPI-Pattern? (3) Wie konnen kulturelle Eigenschaften anhand von Geschaftsprozessen gemessen werden und wie lassen sich die gewonnen Erkenntnisse in Prozessverbesserungsinitiativen nutzen? Im Kontext des ESN werden ebenfalls drei Forschungsfragen erarbeitet: (1) Was ist der aktuelle Stand der Literatur im Themenbereich ESN und welcher Forschungsbedarf besteht weiterhin? (2) Welche Benefits lassen sich durch den Einsatz von ESN erzielen? Konnen alle Benefits den traditionellen IT Capabilities zugeordnet werden oder schaffen ESN neue IT Capabilities? (3) Wie kann der Erfolg von ESN im Kontext von "Social Capital" gemessen werden und welchen Nutzen bringt ein entsprechender Messansatz? Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen werden unterschiedliche Forschungsmethodiken angewendet, im Speziellen Literature Review, Survey, Case Study, Design Science, Content Analysis und Experiment. Die Forschungsergebnisse werden in wissenschaftlichen Beitragen aufgearbeitet, wobei je Forschungsfrage ein Beitrag erarbeitet wird.
Gradient‐Based Inverse Estimation for a Rainfall‐Runoff Model

Recent advances in deep learning for neural networks with large numbers of parameters have been enabled by automatic differentiation, an algorithmic technique for calculating gradients of measures of model fit with respect to model parameters. Estimation of high‐dimensional parameter sets is an important problem within the hydrological sciences. Here, we demonstrate the effectiveness of gradient‐based estimation techniques for high‐dimensional inverse estimation problems using a conceptual rainfall‐runoff model. In particular, we compare the effectiveness of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo and automatic differentiation variational inference against two nongradient‐dependent methods, random walk Metropolis and differential evolution Metropolis. We show that the former two techniques exhibit superior performance for inverse estimation of daily rainfall values and are much more computationally efficient on larger data sets in an experiment with synthetic data. We also present a case study evaluating the effectiveness of automatic differentiation variational inference for inverse estimation over 25 years of daily precipitation conditional on streamflow observations at three catchments and show that it is scalable to very high dimensional parameter spaces. The presented results highlight the power of combining hydrological process‐based models with optimization techniques from deep learning for high‐dimensional estimation problems.
In-orbit demonstration of fiber optic sensors based on Bragg gratings

FIBOS (FIber Bragg gratings for Optical Sensing) is one payload used to monitor temperature and strain during a nanosatellite mission. Description of the payload and in-orbit results are presented. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors offer attractive and robust solutions for temperature and pressure monitoring in a spacecraft. Moreover, they can be embedded in composite structures or attached on their surface for structural health monitoring during the entire life cycle of a satellite, from integration and qualification tests, to final operation. FIBOS contains two FBGs to measure temperature and strain during one space mission called OPTOS. The mission, developed by INTA (Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), was a low-cost nanosatellite based on a triple configuration (3U) of the popular Cubesat standard. OPTOS was launched in November 2013 and was operative during two years. Its main goal was to validate and demonstrate the suitability of novel technologies for space applications inside a miniaturized area with big restrictions in terms of mass and power consumption. This work describes the payload components. FIBOS contains commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) parts like a monolithic tunable laser and a conventional InGaAs pigtailed photodiode. The optical sensor head includes two FBGs mounted onto a steel mechanical structure to monitor temperature and strain. Results of the mission are presented. Measurements performed during the operation in-orbit show good agreement with calibration data performed on earth inside a thermalvacuum chamber (TVC). This paper shows a demonstration of a fiber optic sensor based on FBGs in space environment.
Réseau politique des agents du pouvoir central : l'exemple des missi dominici

Cette etude propose plusieurs modeles d’analyse d’un reseau politique des agents du pouvoir central du haut Moyen Âge, les missi dominici. Completees par l’analyse statistique, plusieurs hypotheses de recherche fondees sur les positions de l’historiographie actuelle ont ete etayees. D’une part, l’examen du reseau des agents a permis de mettre en lumiere une certaine evolution liee a la structuration du systeme missatique et au mecanisme de la transition des agents d’un regne a l’autre. D’autre part, l’etude des relations entre les agents et les lieux de leurs missions a confirme une certaine amplification, avec le temps, de la politique du recrutement des missi au sein de l’aristocratie locale. Enfin, plusieurs difficultes liees tant au caractere lacunaire des donnees issues des sources medievales qu’a la complexite de modelisation et d’analyse d’un reseau politique multimodal ont ete evoquees.