Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Proportional ${\bm +}$ Multiresonant Controller for Three-Phase Four-Wire High-Frequency Link Inverter

A new solution for unbalanced and nonlinear loads in terms of power circuit topology and controller structure is proposed in this paper. A three-phase four-wire high-frequency ac-link inverter is adopted to cater to such loads. Use of high-frequency transformer results in compact and light-weight systems. The fourth wire is taken out from the midpoint of the isolation transformer in order to avoid the necessity of an extra leg. This makes the converter suitable for unbalanced loads and eliminates the requirements of bulky capacitor in half-bridge inverter. The closed-loop control is carried out in stationary reference frame using proportional + multiresonant controller (three separate resonant controller for fundamental, fifth and seventh harmonic components). The limitations on improving steady-state response of harmonic resonance controllers is investigated and mitigated using a lead-lag compensator. The proposed voltage controller is used along with an inner current loop to ensure excellent performance of the power converter. Simulation studies and experimental results with 1 kVA prototype under nonlinear and unbalanced loading conditions validate the proposed scheme.
Deletion: The curse of the red-black tree

Abstract Okasaki introduced the canonical formulation of functional red-black trees when he gave a concise, elegant method of persistent element insertion. Persistent element deletion, on the other hand, has not enjoyed the same treatment. For this reason, many functional implementations simply omit persistent deletion. Those that include deletion typically take one of two approaches. The more-common approach is a superficial translation of the standard imperative algorithm. The resulting algorithm has functional airs but remains clumsy and verbose, characteristic of its imperative heritage. (Indeed, even the term insertion is a holdover from imperative origins, but is now established in functional contexts. Accordingly, we use the term deletion which has the same connotation.) The less-common approach leverages the features of advanced type systems, which obscures the essence of the algorithm. Nevertheless, foreign-language implementors reference such implementations and, apparently unable to tease apart the algorithm and its type specification, transliterate the entirety unnecessarily. Our goal is to provide for persistent deletion what Okasaki did for insertion: a succinct, comprehensible method that will liberate implementors. We conceptually simplify deletion by temporarily introducing a “double-black” color into Okasaki's tree type. This third color, with its natural interpretation, significantly simplifies the preservation of invariants during deletion.
Filtering technique in ultrasound for kidney, liver and pancreas image using Matlab

Ultrasound is a well-known medical imaging modality on its ability to visualize kidney, liver and pancreas accurately. However, speckle noise, caused by constructive and destructive interferences of the wavelets will disturb the image of the organs. The main goal of this paper is to identify the most suitable and reasonable filtering technique for each organ. 50 ultrasound images for each organ- kidney, liver and pancreas are taken using Toshiba Nemio 10 ultrasound machine with 3.75 MHz PVM-375AT transducer. The images are cropped into specific sizes before converted into grayscale image. Each of the images then filtered using median filter, Wiener filter, 2-D order-statistic filter, N-D filter, and Entropy filter. Performance of each filter are analysed with MSE and PSNR. The results show that Median filter is the most suitable filter for kidney and pancreas while Wiener filter is the most effective filter in removing noise for liver.
Validity of self-reported weights following bariatric surgery.

Obtaining standardized weights in long-term studies can be difficult. Self-reported weights are more easily obtained, but less accurate than those from a calibrated scale and may be inaccurately reported. Previous studies have reported that women tend to under-report their weight more than men with the degree of misreporting related to body mass index (BMI) whereby overweight individuals tend to under-report while under-weight individuals tend to over-report.1–4 However, in a study of female gastric bypass candidates, self-reported pre-surgical weights averaged 0.3 kg more than measured weights and misreporting was not significantly related to BMI.5 This study investigated whether self-reported weights following bariatric surgery differed from weights obtained by study personnel using a standard scale.
Selection of TcII Trypanosoma cruzi population following macrophage infection.

BACKGROUND Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which exhibits a high genetic variability. TcI, TcII, or mixed TcI/TcII strains may be found during acute human infection while mainly TcII parasites are present at the chronic stage of disease. In a previously studied Chagas disease outbreak, we identified mixed TcI/TcII strains in the vector Triatoma tibiamaculata and only TcII strains in infected humans, indicating that T. cruzi populations may be selected within the human host. METHODS Utilizing molecular typing and cell biology techniques, we investigated the interaction of TcI, TcII, and mixed TcI/TcII strains with macrophages, an important cell population implicated in controlling protozoan infection. RESULTS TcII but not TcI strains were selected by both human and murine macrophages in vitro and by peritoneal cavity cells in vivo. Biological analysis revealed that, compared with TcI, TcII strains display higher infective and multiplicative ability as well as lower doubling time inside macrophages. However, TcI and TcII strains present similar susceptibility to interferon-γ-activated macrophages in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results reveal the existence of an intracellular selection process in macrophages that favors TcII, but not TcI, when infection occurs with vector-derived mixed TcI/TcII strains.
Esa1p Is an Essential Histone Acetyltransferase Required for Cell Cycle Progression

ABSTRACT Histones are dynamically modified during chromatin assembly, as specific transcriptional patterns are established, and during mitosis and development. Modifications include acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, methylation, and ADP-ribosylation, but the biological significance of each of these is not well understood. For example, distinct acetylation patterns correlate with nucleosome formation and with transcriptionally activated or silenced chromatin, yet mutations in genes encoding several yeast histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activities result in either no cellular phenotype or only modest growth defects. Here we report characterization of ESA1, an essential gene that is a member of the MYST family that includes two yeast silencing genes, human genes associated with leukemia and with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein, and Drosophila mof, a gene essential for male dosage compensation. Esa1p acetylates histones in a pattern distinct from those of other yeast enzymes, and temperature-sensitive mutant alleles abolish enzymatic activity in vitro and result in partial loss of an acetylated isoform of histone H4 in vivo. Strains carrying these mutations are also blocked in the cell cycle such that at restrictive temperatures,esa1 mutants succeed in replicating their DNA but fail to proceed normally through mitosis and cytokinesis. Recent studies show that Esa1p enhances transcription in vitro and thus may modulate expression of genes important for cell cycle control. These observations therefore link an essential HAT activity to cell cycle progression, potentially through discrete transcriptional regulatory events.
The Neurological Information Network

The Neurological Information Network (NIN) of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS) was a loosely structured assemblage of a variety of information-transfer activities that existed for approximately 20 years, starting in the early 1960s. These activities included the Neurosciences Research Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Parkinson's Disease Information Center at Columbia University, the Brain Information Service at UCLA, the Information Center for Hearing, Speech, and Disorders of Human Communication at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, the Clinical Neurology Information Center at the University of Nebraska, the Cerebrovascular Disease Abstracts generated at the Mayo Foundation and appearing in the journal Stroke, and Epilepsy Abstracts published by Excerpta Medica. The article discusses primarily the sociopolitical factors that govern the creation and life of activities of the type enumerated.
Noninvasive Dentistry: A Dream or Reality?

Various caries prevention and repair strategies are reviewed in this article ranging from the use of fluoride to nanohydroxyapatite particles. Several of the strategies which combine fluoride and calcium and phosphate treatments have both in vitro and in vivo data showing them to be efficacious if the surface integrity of the lesion is not breached. Once this has occurred, the rationale for cutting off the nutrient supplies to the pathogenic bacteria without the removal of the infected dentine, a noninvasive restorative technique, is discussed using existing clinical studies as examples. Finally two novel noninvasive restorative techniques using fluorohydroxyapatite crystals are described. The need for clinical data in support of emerging caries-preventive and restorative strategies is emphasized.
Phase II trial of pemetrexed and bevacizumab in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer.

PURPOSE We hypothesized that bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), will potentiate the activity of pemetrexed, a multitargeted antifolate, in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with previously untreated, recurrent, or metastatic SCCHN were treated with pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) and bevacizumab 15 mg/kg given intravenously every 21 days with folic acid and B(12) supplementation until disease progression. Primary end point was time-to-progression (TTP). DNA was isolated from whole blood samples for the detection of polymorphisms in thymidylate synthase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and VEGF. RESULTS Forty patients were enrolled. The median TTP was 5 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 11.3 months. In 37 evaluable patients, the overall response rate was 30%, including a complete response rate of 5%, and the disease control rate was 86%. Grade 3 to 5 bleeding events occurred in six patients (15%): four were grade 3, and two were fatal. Other serious toxicities in 10% or more of patients included neutropenia (10%) and infection (12.5%). One patient died of sepsis after receiving eight cycles of therapy. For the MTHFR A1298C (rs1801131) single nucleotide polymorphisms, homozygote patients with AA had worse OS (P = .034). CONCLUSION The addition of bevacizumab to pemetrexed resulted in promising efficacy outcomes in SCCHN. Bleeding events were frequent but some may have been due to natural history of disease. Polymorphisms in MTHFR may offer potential for treatment individualization.
Green's-function study of the electron tunneling in a double-barrier heterostructure.

The quasi-one-dimensional aspects of the electron tunneling through AlAs/GaAs/AlAs (001) double-barrier structures have been investigated using the tunneling formalism based on the nonequilibrium Green's function developed by Keldysh. In describing the electronic structure of a double-barrier heterostructure, Green's-function formulation of scattering theory incorporated with the multiorbital tight-binding model is used, so as to take into account the effects of indirect band gap, band nonparabolicity, and multiple orbitals in the aperiodic layered structure. The effect of high external bias on the junction is solved exactly within this model. The electron-tunneling situation and the effect of the X-valley originated barrier confined states on the electron tunneling are analyzed with the spectral local density of states of the double-barrier structure in the [001] direction under the external bias. The calculated current density J(${\mathbf{k}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\parallel}}}$=0) versus voltage curve exhibits the structures for the interlayer intervalley electron transfer, which are manifested as the electron propagation through \ensuremath{\Gamma}-valley originated states and through X-valley barrier confined states. The smaller current peak-to-valley ratios are found in the double-barrier structures with thicker barriers, which is consistent with the experimental results. The enhancement of \ensuremath{\Gamma}-X interlayer intervalley electron transfer and reduction of the \ensuremath{\Gamma}-\ensuremath{\Gamma} resonant electron interlayer transfer is found with the increase of the phenomenological imaginary potential term.
Chronic sinusitis: symptoms versus CT scan findings

Purpose of reviewThe association between symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis and findings on a sinus CT scan remains controversial. Although the 1997 Task Force on Rhinosinusitis definition of chronic rhinosinusitis includes only symptoms and signs, many clinicians use CT scans for diagnosis and assessment of disease severity. Recent findingsTwo prospective studies evaluated associations between symptoms and CT scan findings. One study compared the diagnosis of chronic sinusitis with findings using a validated CT staging system; the CT findings were poorly predictive of the presence or absence of chronic sinusitis. The other study used a nonvalidated assessment of symptoms and several measurements from CT scans and identified a few significant associations. SummaryThere are few recent studies explicitly addressing symptom severity and CT scan findings in chronic sinusitis. Most studies conclude that there is little correlation between CT findings and symptoms but that both are important in the evaluation of sinusitis.
Notice of RetractionStudy on safety culture construction in coal mines

Traditional safety management in coal mines has done its best, but serious accidents still occur continuously in China. It is found that safety culture construction centering on promoting employee's safety qualities will provide a fresh approach to improving this problem. The new system is composed of three parts, namely, paramilitary management which could strengthen the workers' regulation and safe initiative; safety training which helps them acquire safety knowledge and techniques and grow into modern technique-based employees; Kiken Yochi Training which could help them identify the danger in their worksites, understand the consequences of improper operations or even get rid of the dangerous factors by their active participation in safety management and eventually realize the aim of Zero Accident.
Generalized Constructive Model of Hysteresis

We describe a generalized constructive model of rate independent scalar hysteresis. It consists of an algorithm that uses a set of experimental hysteresis minor loop vertical chords. The introduced model requires new, less constraining properties than the congruency and equal vertical chords properties required by the classical and the generalized Preisach models. Our model allows for fitting transition curves of order greater than two, despite its simple mathematical notation. Further, we describe interesting performance of the model in numerical evaluation and inversion
Low power design of vlsi circuits and systems

Power consumption is the bottleneck of system performance and is listed as one of the top three challenges in ITRS 2008. Low power design can be exploited at various levels, e.g., system level, architecture level, circuit level, and device level. This paper first gives a brief overview for low power optimization techniques at system and architecture level, then focus discussion on circuit level methods specifically state-of-the-art low power design techniques of clocking systems.
Design of organ phantom for body-centric wireless system

Three organ phantoms (Heart, Liver, Stomach) were designed for experimentally evaluating the performance of implantable and wearable devices. It is necessary to use organ phantoms in body-centric wireless system because the performance of devices is strongly affected by surrounding materials. In order to develop the organ phantom, materials to make phantom were surveyed and the composition was optimized. The optimized organ phantoms were fabricated and electrical properties were measured. The measured relative permittivity and conductivity values are within the error tolerance over the wide frequency range.
Development of efficient algorithm to detect and classify alpha activity in real-time EEG signal using LabVIEW for mental state detection

The paper proposes an algorithm to process Alpha activity in real-time electroencephalogram signal using LabVIEW for mental state detection. The electroencephalogram signals from occipital region have direct relationship with the state of mind which can be utilized by physically challenged individuals to control their surrounding environment, providing an extent of independency. Being independent reduces the stress level which results in a boost in both neural system as well as the immune system, giving a higher chance of recovery and preventing the physically challenged individuals from further sicknesses. The relaxed state of mind exhibits pronounced alpha activity which is continuously varying and appears as aperiodic boosts. The projects aims to efficiently detect alpha activity in real-time electroencephalogram signal for mental state interpretation of the user and produce reliable results.
Novel soluble HLA‐A2/MELAN‐A complexes selectively stain a differentiation defective subpopulation of CD8+ T cells in patients with melanoma

Multimeric MHC I‐peptide complexes containing phycoerythrin‐streptavidin are widely used to detect and investigate antigen‐specific CD8+ (and CD4+) T cells. Because such reagents are heterogeneous, we compared their binding characteristics with those of monodisperse dimeric, tetrameric and octameric complexes containing linkers of variable length and flexibility on Melan‐A‐specific CD8+ T cell clones and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HLA‐A*0201+ melanoma patients. Striking binding differences were observed for different defined A2/Melan‐A26‐35 complexes on T cells depending on their differentiation stage. In particular, short dimeric but not octameric A2/Melan‐A26‐35 complexes selectively and avidly stained incompletely differentiated effector‐memory T cells clones and populations expressing CD27 and CD28 and low levels of cytolytic mediators (granzymes and perforin). This subpopulation was found in PBMC from all six melanoma patients analyzed and proliferated on peptide stimulation with only modest phenotypic changes. By contrast influenza matrix58‐66 ‐specific CD8+ PBMC from nine HLA‐A*0201+ healthy donors were efficiently stained by A2/Flu matrix58‐61 multimers, but not dimer and upon peptide stimulation proliferated and differentiated from memory into effector T cells. Thus PBMC from melanoma patients contain a differentiation defective sub‐population of Melan‐A‐specific CD8+ T cells that can be selectively and efficiently stained by short dimeric A2/Melan‐ A26‐35 complexes, which makes them directly accessible for longitudinal monitoring and further investigation.
Biosynthesis of chloramphenicol. II. p-Aminophenylalanine as a precursor of the p-nitrophenylserinol moiety.

DL-p-Aminophenylalanine, DL-p-nitrophenylalanine, DL-threo-phenylserine, DL-phenyllactic acid, DL-p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, D-phenylalanine, L-phenylalanol, DL-threo-β-phenylglyceric acid, D-thre.
Cardiopulmonary effects of nebulized sodium nitroprusside in term infants with hypoxic respiratory failure.

OBJECTIVE To study whether nebulized nitroprusside (neb-NP) improves oxygenation in term infants with hypoxic respiratory failure (HRF). STUDY DESIGN We studied 22 newborn term infants (gestational age, 39.7+/-0.4 weeks [mean+/-SEM]; birth weight, 3.6+/-0.1 kg) with hypoxia (Pao2<100 mm Hg) during mechanical ventilation (Fio2=1.0). Sodium nitroprusside (5 mg followed by 25 mg) was nebulized into the inspiratory arm of the ventilator circuit. Vital signs and arterial blood gas values were recorded after 20 minutes at each dose and before and after initiation of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). RESULTS Pao2 increased significantly with 5 mg neb-NP (from 64.6+/-5.6 to 90.1+/-15.3 mm Hg, P=.04) and with 25 mg neb-NP (113.2+/-20.4 mm Hg, P=.009). Differences between mean Pao2 at 5 mg versus 25 mg neb-NP were also statistically significant (P=.03). When comparing the effect of neb-NP to iNO, the treatment-induced increases in Pao2 were similar (52.1+/-18.7 vs 62.2+/-18.2 mm Hg, respectively, P=not significant). CONCLUSIONS Neb-NP causes a dose-dependent increase in oxygenation in term infants with HRF, similar in magnitude to iNO* Neb-NP may be beneficial in infants with HRF when iNO is not readily available.
DAMD 1797-1-7305 TITLE : Isolation of Genomic Targets for the Suspected DNA-Binding Protein BRCAl PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR :

GRANT NUMBER DAMD17-97-1-7305 TITLE: Isolation of Genomic Targets for the Suspected DNABinding Protein BRCAl PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Simon A. Smith, Ph.D. CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0057 REPORT DATE: October 1998 TYPE OF REPORT: Annual PREPARED FOR: U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
Foundations for an IT-based Solution Manager for the Planning of Bio Energy Networks

The recent and mid-term development in the national a d international energy production was influenced toward a more environmental friendly as well as sustainable way o f energy generation. Beside the development for dis t ibuted singular electricity generation systems, there is an ongoing process of professionalization and wider distribut ion of bio energy throughout the whole energy sector. As the growing or athering of bio mass as well as the methods of distribution and usage of the energy products (gas, heat, and electr icity) are very manifold, early and comprehensive s upport in diverse decision processes regarding the Bio Energy Network s is needed. Methodical support is needed in differ ent phases connected to these networks: Planning, Rating, Eval uation, Comparison and Communication of different a lternatives (PRECC-Principle). To enable stakeholders of bio en ergy networks in applying the PRECC-Principle, IT-b ased support with a modular software framework is needed. This c oncept for a framework can be derived to further ap plication scenarios, reaching from other alternative energy s ectors to further distribution of bio energy.
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 ( IGFBP-1 ) in cervical secretions in women with symptoms of preterm delivery

ABSTRACT The aim of this prospective study was to investigate a value of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in cervical secretion in women with symptoms of preterm delivery and correlate this test to the Bishop Score in prediction of a preterm delivery. The study group included 30 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy between 24 – 34 gestational weeks who were hospitalized because of a threatening preterm delivery with intact fetal membranes. A positive Actim Partus test (concentration higher than 10 μg/l) and Bishop Score higher than 4 signify a risk of the preterm delivery. The Bishop Score is a better predictor of the preterm delivery in patients with symptoms of the preterm delivery.