Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Triple-negative breast cancer: A run-through of features, classification and current therapies

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. It is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and accounts for 12–20% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is associated with younger age of onset, greater metastatic potential, higher incidence of relapse, and lower overall survival rates. Based on molecular phenotype, TNBC has been classified into six subtypes (BL1, BL2, M, MES, LAR, and IM). TNBC treatment is challenging due to its heterogeneity, highly invasive nature, and relatively poor therapeutics response. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are conventional strategies for the treatment of TNBC. Recent research in TNBC and mechanistic understanding of disease pathogenesis using cutting-edge technologies has led to the unfolding of new lines of therapies that have been incorporated into clinical practice. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and immune checkpoint inhibitors have made their way to the current TNBC treatment paradigm. This review focuses on the classification, features, and treatment progress in TNBC. Histological subtypes connected to recurrence, molecular classification of TNBC, targeted therapy for early and advanced TNBC, and advances in non-coding RNA in therapy are the key highlights in this review.
Assessment of the association between red blood cell distribution width and disease activity in patients with systemic vasculitis

The present study aimed to investigate whether red blood cell distribution width (RDW) could serve as a marker for estimating disease activity in patients with systemic vasculitis (SV). A total of 287 patients with SV and 64 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in the present study. Biochemical indicators and hematologic parameters were evaluated in patients with SV and the HCs. Disease activity was assessed on the basis of the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). RDW was significantly elevated in patients with SV compared with HCs (P<0.05). A similar result was obtained for the comparison of patients with various disease states, active vs. inactive (P<0.05). RDW was significantly increased in patients with kidney injury compared with patients without kidney injury (P<0.05). The correlation analysis indicated that there were positive correlations between RDW and BVAS, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, white blood cells and serum creatinine (Scr; all P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between RDW and hemoglobin levels (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that RDW was independently correlated with patients with active SV. The combined diagnosis of RDW and Scr indicated that the sensitivity and specificity were 68.6 and 88.9%, respectively, in terms of assessing disease activity in patients with SV. Therefore, the present study suggested that RDW may serve as a useful index for estimating disease activity and kidney injury in patients with SV. Moreover, the combination of RDW and Scr may be more effective than RDW alone when assessing the risk of disease activity in patients with SV.
Lower-Limb-Assisting Robotic Exoskeleton Reduces Energy Consumption in Healthy Young Persons during Stair Climbing

Many robotic exoskeletons for lower limb assistance aid walking by reducing energy costs. However, investigations examining stair-climbing assistance have remained limited, generally evaluating reduced activation of related muscles. This study sought to investigate how climbing assistance by a robotic exoskeleton affects energy consumption. Ten healthy young participants wearing a robotic exoskeleton that assists flexion and extension of hip and knee joints walked up nine flights of stairs twice at a self-selected speed with and without stair-climbing assistance. Metabolic cost was assessed by measuring oxygen consumption, heart rate, and the time to climb each flight of stairs. Net oxygen cost (NOC) and total heart beats (THB) were used as measures of metabolic cost, accounting for different climbing speeds. Stair-climbing assistance reduced NOC and THB by 9.3% (P < 0.001) and 6.9% (P = 0.003), respectively, without affecting climbing speed. Despite lack of individual optimization, assistive joint torque applied to the hip and knee joints reduced metabolic cost and cardiovascular burden of stair climbing in healthy young males. These results may be used to improve methods for stair ascent assistance.
Target Calorie Intake Achievements for Patients Treated in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit

Adequate nutritional support in critically ill patients is important, however, sometimes it has been neglected in perioperative period of patients at surgical intensive care units (SICU). The aim of this study was to investigate whether approaching target calorie intake of surgical patients influences on their clinical outcomes. A total of 279 patients who admitted at SICU in perioperative period from August 2014 to July 2016 at our hospital were analyzed. Demographics, supplied calorie amount and its method, lengths of SICU and hospital stay, and mortality of study population were collected. Among 279 patients, 103 patietns (36.9%) approached target calorie intake during SICU stay. Patients who approached target calorie intake had significantly decreased length of stay in SICU (10.78 ± 11.5 vs. 15.3 ± 9.9, p = 0.001) and hospital (54.52 ± 40.6 vs. 77.72±62.2, p < 0.001), than those did not, however there was no significant difference of mortality (9.7% vs. 8.5%, p = 0.829). Enteral feeding was a significant factor for target calorie achievement (odd ratio [OR], 2.029; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.096–3.758; p = 0.024) and especially in patients with ≤ 7 days of SICU stay (OR, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.505–11.328; p = 0.006). Target calorie achievement in surgical patients improves clinical outcomes and enteral feeding, especially in early postoperative period would be an effective route of nutrition.
PhyloPrimer: a taxon-specific oligonucleotide design platform

Many environmental and biomedical biomonitoring and detection studies aim to explore the presence of specific organisms or gene functionalities in microbiome samples. In such cases, when the study hypotheses can be answered with the exploration of a small number of genes, a targeted PCR-approach is appropriate. However, due to the complexity of environmental microbial communities, the design of specific primers is challenging and can lead to non-specific results. We designed PhyloPrimer, the first user-friendly platform to semi-automate the design of taxon-specific oligos (i.e., PCR primers) for a gene of interest. The main strength of PhyloPrimer is the ability to retrieve and align GenBank gene sequences matching the user’s input, and to explore their relationships through an online dynamic tree. PhyloPrimer then designs oligos specific to the gene sequences selected from the tree and uses the tree non-selected sequences to look for and maximize oligo differences between targeted and non-targeted sequences, therefore increasing oligo taxon-specificity (positive/negative consensus approach). Designed oligos are then checked for the presence of secondary structure with the nearest-neighbor (NN) calculation and the presence of off-target matches with in silico PCR tests, also processing oligos with degenerate bases. Whilst the main function of PhyloPrimer is the design of taxon-specific oligos (down to the species level), the software can also be used for designing oligos to target a gene without any taxonomic specificity, for designing oligos from preselected sequences and for checking predesigned oligos. We validated the pipeline on four commercially available microbial mock communities using PhyloPrimer to design genus- and species-specific primers for the detection of Streptococcus species in the mock communities. The software performed well on these mock microbial communities and can be found at https://www.cerealsdb. uk.net/cerealgenomics/phyloprimer.
Biosynthesis of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) from cheese whey using Azotobacter vinelandii

Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] is a homopolymer of 3-hydroxy butyrate and is the most widespread and best characterized member of the polyhydroxy-alkanoates (PHAs). Eventhough, P(3HB) has been recognized as a good candidate for biodegradable plastics, their high price compared with conventional plastics has limited their use in a wide range of applications. Azotobacter vinelandii (MTCC 124 * ) was used for the studies because it is able to utilize sucrose, which suggests a cheap carbon source such as cheese whey. The cost of carbon substrate significantly affected the overall economics in large scale production. In order to reduce the cost of production, waste whey from cheese making industry is used as a substrate. The effect of different nitrogen sources on the production of P(3HB) was studied. Bacterial peptone gives the maximum production of 1.44 g P(3HB)L -1 with an incubation time of 48 h. The other effects such as substrate concentration, inoculum size and the environmental condition such as pH are also studied. It was observed that by increasing the inoculum size the time of incubation can be reduced considerably. Productivity of 0.03 g L -1 h -1 was obtained while a maximum productivity of 0.008 g L 1 h -1 has been reported by using 1% cheese whey'. Leudeking-Piret kinetic parameters are determined. The result shows that P(3HB) production kinetics may be non-growth associated.
The two magnetic components in the Herbig Ae SB2 system HD 104237

We present longitudinal magnetic field measurements $\langle B_z \rangle$ for the Herbig Ae primary and the T Tauri secondary in the SB2 system HD 104237. These measurements were carried out using high spectral resolution observations obtained with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher in polarimetric mode, installed at the ESO La Silla 3.6 m telescope. In agreement with previous studies of Herbig Ae stars, the longitudinal magnetic field in the primary is rather weak, ranging from 47 G to 72 G. The secondary component possesses a variable, much stronger magnetic field, up to 600 G, as expected for a magnetically active T Tauri star. We estimated the rotation period of the primary, $P_{\mathrm{rot}}=4.33717\pm0.00316$ d ($=104\pm0.08$ h), from metal line equivalent width variations.
Hybrid energy converter based on swirling combustion chambers: the hydrocarbon feeding analysis

This manuscript reports the latest investigations about a miniaturized hybrid energy power source, compatible with thermal/electrical conversion, by a thermo-photovoltaic cell, and potentially useful for civil and space applications. The converter is a thermally-conductive emitting parallelepiped element and the basic idea is to heat up its emitting surfaces by means of combustion, occurred in swirling chambers, integrated inside the device, and/or by the sun, which may work simultaneously or alternatively to the combustion. The current upgrades consist in examining whether the device might fulfill specific design constraints, adopting hydrocarbons-feeding. Previous papers, published by the author, demonstrate the hydrogen-feeding effectiveness. The project’s constraints are: 1) emitting surface dimensions fixed to 30 × 30 mm, 2) surface peak temperature T > 1000 K and the relative ∆T < 100 K (during the combustion mode), 3) the highest possible delivered power to the ambient, and 4) thermal efficiency greater than 20% when works with solar energy. To this end, a 5 connected swirling chambers configuration (3 mm of diameter), with 500 W of injected chemical power, stoichiometric conditions and detailed chemistry, has been adopted. Reactive numerical simulations show that the stiff methane chemical structure obliges to increase the operating pressure, up to 10 atm, and to add hydrogen, to the methane fuel injection, in order to obtain stable combustion and efficient energy conversion.
Positive response to imatinib in PDGFRB‐related Kosaki overgrowth syndrome

Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway Department of Pediatrics, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway Dept. of Pediatric Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
Efficient Center Voting for Object Detection and 6D Pose Estimation in 3D Point Cloud

We present a novel and efficient approach to estimate 6D object poses of known objects in complex scenes represented by point clouds. Our approach is based on the well-known point pair feature (PPF) matching, which utilizes self-similar point pairs to compute potential matches and thereby cast votes for the object pose by a voting scheme. The main contribution of this paper is to present an improved PPF-based recognition framework, especially a new center voting strategy based on the relative geometric relationship between the object center and point pair features. Using this geometric relationship, we first generate votes to object centers resulting in vote clusters near real object centers. Then we group and aggregate these votes to generate a set of pose hypotheses. Finally, a pose verification operator is performed to filter out false positives and predict appropriate 6D poses of the target object. Our approach is also suitable to solve the multi-instance and multi-object detection tasks. Extensive experiments on a variety of challenging benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is discriminative and robust towards similar-looking distractors, sensor noise, and geometrically simple shapes. The advantage of our work is further verified by comparing to the state-of-the-art approaches.
Quadrupolar charge dynamics in the nonmagnetic FeSe1−xSx superconductors

Significance The family of iron selenide (FeSe) superconductors is of great interest because it harbors an unusual nonmagnetic nematic state, exhibits a peculiar orbital-selective Cooper pairing, and has a strong potential for high-temperature superconductivity. Here, for FeSe1−xSx nonmagnetic metal, we report discovery of a pseudogap in the spectra of electronic long-wavelength charge quadrupole excitation below the nematic phase transition with temperature dependence of the gap’s magnitude reminiscent of a nematic order parameter. We argue that the intense continuum of excitations in the high-temperature phase with tetragonal symmetry arises due to non-Fermi liquid dynamics governed by Pomeranchuk fluctuations and that these fluctuations are suppressed in the symmetry-broken orthorhombic low-temperature phase, enabling the recovery of Fermi liquid properties. We use polarization-resolved electronic Raman spectroscopy to study quadrupolar charge dynamics in a nonmagnetic FeSe1−xSx superconductor. We observe two types of long-wavelength XY symmetry excitations: 1) a low-energy quasi-elastic scattering peak (QEP) and 2) a broad electronic continuum with a maximum at 55 meV. Below the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition at TS(x), a pseudogap suppression with temperature dependence reminiscent of the nematic order parameter develops in the XY symmetry spectra of the electronic excitation continuum. The QEP exhibits critical enhancement upon cooling toward TS(x). The intensity of the QEP grows with increasing sulfur concentration x and maximizes near critical concentration xcr≈0.16, while the pseudogap size decreases with the suppression of TS(x). We interpret the development of the pseudogap in the quadrupole scattering channel as a manifestation of transition from the non-Fermi liquid regime, dominated by strong Pomeranchuk-like fluctuations giving rise to intense electronic continuum of excitations in the fourfold symmetric high-temperature phase, to the Fermi liquid regime in the broken-symmetry nematic phase where the quadrupole fluctuations are suppressed.
Systematic tracking of mental health acute care visits: A model of care for college students

Abstract Objective: College students who receive an acute care visit (ACV) from an emergency or inpatient unit require mental health follow-up (MHF) to improve long-term outcomes. This study describes tracking ACVs and MHF, while identifying characteristics of multiple vs. single ACVs. Participants: 191 students who received an ACV (N = 231) at one public university – enrollment approximately 39,000. Methods: For two academic years (AYs), students were tracked and offered timely MHF. Demographics, clinical information, utilization patterns, and rates of MHF were analyzed. Results: Primary reasons for an ACV were suicidal thinking (60.6%) and psychosis (13.9%). MHF improved between AYs (65.8% to 93.3%, X 2 = 27.48, p < .01). Multiple vs. single visits were more likely to present with self-injurious behavior and psychosis and received more intensive follow-up yet, had similar rates of MHF. Conclusions: The primary reasons for an ACV – suicidal thinking and psychosis – underscore the importance of campus suicide prevention and psychosis-specific services.
Traffic noise disrupts vocal development and suppresses immune function

Traffic noise leads to vocal learning deficits in young songbirds, the primary model for speech development in humans. Noise pollution has been linked to learning and language deficits in children, but the causal mechanisms connecting noise to cognitive deficiencies remain unclear because experimental models are lacking. Here, we investigated the effects of noise on birdsong learning, the primary animal model for vocal learning and speech development in humans. We found that traffic noise exposure retarded vocal development and led to learning inaccuracies. In addition, noise suppressed immune function during the sensitive learning period, indicating that it is a potent stressor for birds, which is likely to compromise their cognitive functions. Our results provide important insights into the consequences of noise pollution and pave the way for future studies using birdsong as an experimental model for the investigation of noise-induced learning impairments.
Freezing stress damage and growth viability in Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. bud structures

Abstract After a freezing event, it can be challenging to extrapolate levels of freezing damage to plant growth viability based on the presence or absence of symptoms in specific bud tissues. This study investigated the relationship between freezing damage in terminal buds during ecodormancy and their viability during the subsequent growing season. We identified the bud structure that best explained this relationship, and developed a model to explain the changes in bud cold hardiness. Vertical shoots (uprights) of Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. were sampled in central Wisconsin during Spring of 2018 and 2019. Sets of uprights with terminal buds were subjected to controlled freezing tests, followed by either visual freeze damage evaluation or assessment of shoot viability by growth assays. We determined the Browning Lethal‐Temperature50 (BLT50), as temperature for 50% damage (tissue browning) at each bud structure, and Growth Lethal‐Temperature50 (GLT50) temperature where 50% reduction in growth viability occurred. Two models were constructed to explain: (1) bud structure damage and growth viability, and (2) GLT50's seasonal changes, representing the cold hardiness variations, and environmental factors. The correlation between the BLT50 and GLT50 values was closest for the bud scales and bud axis, indicating the better correspondence between levels of freezing damage with the impact on the growth potential. In addition, the latter was also the most suitable candidate for modeling due to easier damage evaluation. The freezing stress damage of the bud axis explained comparatively best the resulting growth viability. Seasonal changes in GLT50 were best explained by temperature indices based on daily minimum and on maximum temperatures over 10‐day periods. However, among the model components, daily maximum temperatures had the greatest influence on V. macrocarpon cold hardiness changes during ecodormancy.
Flat colorectal sessile serrated polyp: an example of what artificial intelligence does not easily detect

In recent years, image recognition using artificial intelligence with deep learning has dramatically improved and opened the door to more detailed image analysis and real-time application in various medical fields [1, 2]. In the colorectal cancer screening area, real-time computer-aided detection systems can lead to significant increases in both polyp and adenoma detection rates [3]. The ENDO-AID CADe program working in combination with the EVIS X1 video column (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) is also able to provide visual support during the screening process, making endoscopy easier and more efficient. First, we report the case of a 59-year-old woman referred to our center for colonoscopy surveillance post-polyp resection 3 years ago. She underwentmagnifying colonoscopy (HQ 190 with EVIS X1 video column; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and chromoendoscopy. After careful analysis, we detected an 18-mm flat sessile serrated adenoma/polyp in the transverse colon (▶Fig. 1). The Olympus computer-aided detection system revealed difficulties in detecting the lesion, even after the mucus adhering to the mucosa was washed away and after various approach attempts with the endoscope (▶Video 1). A second case of a 61-year-old man referred to our center for the same reason showed that a 6-mm flat sessile serrated adenoma/polyp was detected by the program only after washing away the mucus (▶Video 1). Despite its great value for the human eye to detect a sessile serrated adenoma/polyp, mucus could be a false friend for computer-aided detection systems and lead to less visible edges and non-detection of the elevated shape. These cases illustrate that human detection still has a role to play, but for how long? As artificial intelligence becomes more and more powerful, humans will probably have to focus mainly on colon surface exploration. In any case, artificial intelligence should always be considered a tool and will never completely replace physicians.