Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Innovative Best Management Fact Sheet. No. 1, Floating Treatment Wetlands

Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are manmade ecosystems that mimic natural wetlands. FTWs are created using floating rafts that support plants grown hydro-ponically. The rafts float on a wet pond water surface and can be used to improve water quality by filtering, consuming, or breaking down pollutants (e.g., nutrients, sediment, and metals) from the water (fig. 1). FTWs may represent a relatively low cost and sustainable engineered best management practice (BMP) for reducing pollution in stormwater. Evaluating their effectiveness as a BMP is the subject of ongoing research at Virginia Tech and other locations across the U.S. Please refer to definitions in the glossary at the end of this fact sheet. Glossary terms are italicized on first mention in the text. Figure 1. Diagram of a floating treatment wetland receiving urban stormwater runoff. Icons courtesy of the Integration
Simulation of optically stimulated luminescence kinetics of YAP:Mn crystal

The models of the optically stimulated luminescence decay kinetics in a pre-irradiated YAP:Mn crystal are considered. It is shown that the best agreement with the experimental data is provided by a model that takes into account the presence of two types of shallow traps in the YAP:Mn crystal.
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Anti-TNF Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review

Infliximab and adalimumab are monoclonal antibodies against tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) used to manage inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) has been proven to prevent immunogenicity, to achieve better long-term clinical results and to save costs in IBD treatment. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review on cost-effectiveness analyses of studies that apply TDM of anti-TNF in IBD and to provide a critical analysis of the best scientific knowledge available in the literature. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS). Cost-effectiveness of the TDM strategies was presented as total costs, cost savings, quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Thirteen studies that examined the health economics of TDM of anti-TNF in IBD from 2013 to 2021 were included. Eight of them (61.5%) achieved a score between 17 and 23 on the CHEERS checklist. The comparison between the TDM strategy and an empirical strategy was cost saving. The ICER between reactive TDM and an empirical strategy was dominated (favorable) by reactive TDM, whereas the ICER value for proactive TDM compared to an empirical strategy ranged from EUR 56,845 to 3,901,554. This systematic review demonstrated that a TDM strategy is cost-effective or cost-saving in IBD.
U.S. Uncertainty and Income Inequality in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

Economic and institutional determinants of income inequality had been robustly examined. However, the impact of uncertainty, which is more volatile than other economic indicators, on income distribution, has been largely understudied within the literature. Using new data on economic policy (EPU) uncertainty constructed by Baker et al. (2013), and the World Inequality Database (WID), this article examines the impact of U.S. EPU on income inequality in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries since 1980, using an error correction model (ECM). It is found that U.S. EPU dynamics can widen the income inequality gap in GCC. JEL Codes D31, D63, D80
Localized Necking in Elastomer-Supported Metal Layers: Impact of Kinematic Hardening

The present paper deals with localized necking in stretched metal sheets using the initial imperfection approach. The first objective is to study the effect of kinematic hardening on the formability of a freestanding metal layer. To this end, the behavior of the metal layer is assumed to follow the rigid-plastic rate-independent flow theory. The isotropic (resp. kinematic) hardening of this metal is modeled by the Hollomon (resp. Prager) law. A parametric study is carried out in order to investigate the effect of kinematic hardening on the formability limits. It is shown that the effect of kinematic hardening on the ductility limit is noticeably different depending on the strain path considered. The second aim of the paper is to analyze the effect of an elastomer substrate, perfectly bonded to the metal layer, on the formability of the whole bilayer. It is found that the addition of an elastomer layer substantially enhances the formability of the bilayer, in agreement with earlier studies.
Current Trends in Root Canal Irrigation

Chemical and mechanical root canal debridement are the primary methods used in endodontic therapy to remove all dead tissue, bacteria, and microbial byproducts from the canal. Sodium hypochlorite, a powerful organic tissue dissolver with a broad spectrum of antibacterial properties, is an excellent choice for disinfecting surfaces. Chelating agents, on the other hand, may be used to remove the inorganic components found on the smear layer. This irrigation method is capable of removing the smear layer; however, it is less effective in the apical third. While using irrigant activation devices, irrigating solutions need to be in direct contact with the whole root canal wall surfaces, especially in the apical portions of tiny root canals. The role of irrigants is extremely important because they help not only to clean the canal but also to allow the seepage of the medicaments into the canal system. Thus, the canal needs to be healthy before the obturation procedure. Nowadays, many irrigants have been studied and hence compilation of the various available sources and their effect has to be studied both in vivo and in vitro. The correlation between the irrigants and the canal cleanliness is of utmost importance, as the success of endodontic root canal treatment depends on its proper activation and characteristics. Hence, this review incorporates the current use of various irrigating solutions and their advantages and disadvantages. In the future, endodontists may employ the novel irrigants and irrigant activation devices that were discovered in this study.
A New RF Energy Harvesting System Based on Two Architectures to Enhance the DC Output Voltage for WSN Feeding

In this paper, a new RF Energy Harvesting (RF-EH) system for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) feeding is proposed. It is based on two different monitored architectures using switch circuits controlled by the input powers. One architecture is more adapted to high input powers and the other to low input powers. The two different architectures and the system are designed and realized on Teflon glass substrate with a relative permittivity of 2.1 and thickness of 0.67 mm. They are tested separately as a function of the distance from the relay antenna. A new multiband antenna with a size of 40 × 30 mm2 is used for both architectures and the system. The measured antenna gains are 2.7 dB, 2.9 dB, and 2.55 dB for the frequencies of 1.8 GHz, 2.1 GHz, and 2.66 GHz corresponding to the mobile communication networks, respectively. The rectifier consists of two Schottky diodes forming a full-wave rectifier and voltage doubler. The maximum measured RF-to-DC conversion efficiency is 71.5%. The proposed RF-EH system provides a maximum DC output voltage of 5.6 V and 3.15 V for an open and 2 kΩ resistance load, respectively.
A Polarization Reconfigurable Slot Antenna with a Novel Switchable Feeding Network

Abstract A polarization reconfigurable slot antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna consists of a microstrip line-to-slotline transition structure, two radiation slots and a switchable feeding network. The feeding network is a gradually changed ring slot with six switching diodes on it. By controlling the diodes states, the antenna can generate y-direction polarization, z-direction polarization, left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization. Detailed design considerations of the proposed antenna, simulated and measured results are presented and discussed. Measured results agree well with simulated. The results proved that the antenna can realize polarization reconfiguration effectively at 5 GHz.
Responses of semi-vigorous apple rootstocks (MM106 and MM111) to different nitrate and ammonium ratios under soilless culture

Abstract In this study, the effects of nitrate (NO3 −) to ammonium (NH4 +) ratios on vegetative growth parameters, mineral uptake, physiological and biochemical responses of two semi-vigorous apple rootstocks (MM106 and MM111) in hydroponically grown under greenhouse conditions were evaluated. Treatments were five nutrient solutions of differing NO3 −:NH4 + ratios as follows (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80) and two apple rootstocks. After 120 days of treatment, parameters were determined. The NO3 −:NH4 + ratios significantly affected the vegetative growth of MM106 and MM111 rootstocks. Rootstocks fertilized with a high NH4 + ratio produced larger leaves, longer roots, stems, and diameter, while the plants under NO3 − treatment alone had smaller and shorter roots. N-form significantly influenced the uptake and utilization of essential plant nutrients in both rootstocks. Leaf concentrations of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) were highest with NO3 −. Leaf concentrations of phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) increased as NH4 + supplied more of the N-ratio. The highest chlorophyll a and b and total chlorophyll were observed at the 20:80 NO3 −:NH4 + ratio. In comparison, the lowest content was at the highest dose of NO3 − (100:0) treatment. The highest soluble sugars were obtained in the leaves of MM106 and MM111 at the ratio of 80:20. Soluble sugars in the root of both rootstocks decreased by increasing the NH4 + ratios in the nutrient solution. Our results show that supplying rootstocks with high NO3 − as N form can affect vegetative growth and mineral uptake at this stage of growth.
Connectivity networks and delineation of disconnected coastal provinces along the Indian coastline using large‐scale Lagrangian transport simulations

Ocean circulation is the engine of dispersal and population connectivity in marine ecosystems, knowledge of which is essential for conservation planning. Understanding connectivity patterns at a large scale can help define the spatial extent of metapopulations. In this study, we built connectivity networks from Lagrangian transport simulations of neutrally buoyant particles released along the Indian coastline, a significant region in the Indian Ocean. We assessed the variation in connectivity networks across release periods for the major drivers of oceanography including the two monsoonal seasons, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) years and for the entire range of region‐specific pelagic larval durations (PLDs) for marine invertebrates. We detected well‐connected communities, mapped frequent connectivity breaks, and assessed the functional role of coastal areas within the connectivity network using node metrics. Network characteristics did not differ based on the ENSO year, but varied with season and PLD. Connectance for the Indian coastline was relatively low, ranging from 0.5% to 3.4%, and increased significantly for PLD larger than 20 d. The number of cohesive coastal communities decreased gradually from 60 (PLD < 4 d) to 30 (PLD > 20 d) with increasing PLD. Despite variation in the location of connectivity breaks with the time of particle release within a monsoonal season, four disconnected provinces were consistently identified across the entire PLD range, which partially overlapped with observed genetic and biogeographic breaks reported along the Indian coastline. Our results support the adoption of a coordinated management framework within each of the four provinces delineated in the present study.
Credit to Innovative Architecture - A case study of circular design concepts and green building assessments

The purpose of this master’s thesis is to explore innovative architecture and how it relates to environmental assessments methods for buildings. An increased awareness of the building sector’s environmental impact is expressed through various innovative ideas and design concepts as well as a growing number of green building certifications. In this research, the link between these different pathways towards sustainable architecture is investigated. This is done through a review of innovation theory, design concepts related to circular resource use and green building assessment methods. It is further explored in a case study of the project Brata Pavilion and the environmental assessment methods BREEAM SE, LEED and Miljobyggnad. An analysis of the correlations between Brata Pavilion and the performance based criteria in the methods provides an indication of how circular design is managed by the certification schemes. This study shows the benefits of an increased recognition of reused material and the complex relation between future and current reuse potential. The existing environmental assessments methods contribute to a future circular resource use which currently limits the implementation possibilities of reused material today. This study also highlights the importance of different pathways towards sustainable architecture but also a need for bringing them closer to each other.
Geospatial Modelling for Estimation of PM2.5 Concentrations in Two Megacities in Peninsular India

Airborne particles finer than 2.5 microns (PM 2.5 ) constitute a major public health risk in India. Therefore, extensive scientific studies must be conducted to assess the PM 2.5 exposures of Indians and determine the “exposure-response function” specific to India. While Peninsular India includes three megacities with populations exceeding 10 million each, there are very few studies on air quality modelling in this region compared to North India. In this paper, the authors describe a Linear Mixed Effects (LME) model to estimate monthly-average PM 2.5 concentrations at a spatial resolution of 1 km 2 between 2016 and 2019 in the megacities of Bengaluru and Hyderabad with a total population of 23 million. This model is based on covariates such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), meteorological parameters, and Land-use-Land-cover (LULC) variables and is validated with extensive datasets from continuous and manual air quality monitoring stations through a 10-fold cross-validation process. The final LME model can explain more than 60 percent of the variation in the PM 2.5 concentrations in Bengaluru and Hyderabad. This model is then used to predict the monthly-average grid-wise PM 2.5 concentrations in more than 800 grids in each of these two cities to study the spatial and temporal patterns in PM 2.5 concentrations between 2016 and 2019. These spatiotemporal maps of PM 2.5 concentration are critical to overcoming the misclassification of exposure and will form a crucial input to much-needed PM exposure-response studies in these two megacities. This paper can serve as a useful framework for similar studies by showing the way to bridge the gaps in the current air quality monitoring network in Peninsular India.
Family Profiles of Maladaptive Perfectionists among Asian International Students

Maladaptive perfectionists with high perfectionistic standards and discrepancy are at risk for negative psychological outcomes. Among Asian international students, family perfectionism is an important concern due to cultural values concerning honoring familial expectations, conformity, and fulfilling obligations for scholastic achievement. This study examined 190 Asian international students in the United States that prescreened as having maladaptive perfectionism. Among them, hierarchical and k-means cluster analyses revealed three types of perfectionistic families: adaptive, maladaptive, and nonperfectionistic. A oneway analysis of variance revealed that participants from maladaptive families experienced higher depression, general anxiety, and suicidal ideation than those from adaptive or nonperfectionistic families. Those from maladaptive or nonperfectionistic families reported higher social anxiety, academic distress, eating concerns, and lower life satisfaction than those from adaptive families. These findings highlight the importance of maladaptive perfectionists’ family backgrounds in understanding Asian international student mental health. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
The Value Co-creation Through Joint Failure Recovery: B2B Settings

The co-creation of value through joint recovery management has attracted increasing interest in the business-to-business (B2B) service context. However, the underlying process of joint recovery management is less understood. Through the qualitative interviews with suppliers and customers firms and applying the conceptual thinking of service-dominant (S-D) logic and service logic, this research explores the joint recovery practice through which the value is co-created in the context of B2B markets. The analysis reveals value emerges from interaction and their resource contributions to six main activities of joint recovery management, including the prevention, identification, notification, analysis, the resolution of failure and the implementation of the mutually selected solution. Interestingly, the findings indicate that the supplier supports the value creation process through recovery activities and by performing different roles, while the customer can engage in recovery management activities by their resource contribution to the recovery activities, which results in the co-creation of monetary and non-monetary values. The current study serves as a tool for scholars and managers who wish to enhance the value co-creation process through joint recovery management activities in B2B settings.
Influence of AGL flight and off-nadir images on UAV-SfM accuracy in complex morphology terrains

Abstract In the field of geosciences and engineering, situations arise where special attention have to be paid to the planning of the UAV-photogrammetric project, that is, terrain with complex geometry and steep slopes. The use of off-nadir imagery and flights at a fixed height above ground level (AGL) are postulated as possible factors to be considered to achieve high accuracies. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of image angle, frontal and side overlaps, and type of flight (above mean sea level (AMSL) or AGL), on the accuracy of the dense 3 D point cloud yielded by UAV-SfM. The results obtained showed that imagery with an angle between 20° and 35° in two perpendicular flight line directions, 90/90, 90/70 or 70/70 overlap and AGL flight is the optimal combination for best accuracy and high precision. With nadir imagery, the combination of factors that gives the most accuracy results are AGL flights with a 90/70 overlap.
Decoupling and bandwidth equalization for MIMO antennas by using novel network design

This paper proposes a novel decoupling and matching technique to enhance port isolation and broaden their common operating bandwidth for asymmetric antenna arrays. The original antennas have strong mutual coupling and a large inconsistency of bandwidths. After adding the proposed network, the coupling has been suppressed and their operating bandwidths have been equalized. To verify this technique, a reference and proposed antenna arrays with element spacing of 0.1506 λ 0 ${\lambda }_{0}$ ( λ 0 ${\lambda }_{0}$ is the wavelength in free space at the center frequency point) are simulated and fabricated. In the experiment, the port isolation is improved by about 23.7 dB at the center frequency. Their bandwidths with a reflection coefficient of −15 dB are also equalized. The common bandwidth is enhanced by about 110.63%. The proposed antenna array has potential application value in modern wireless communication.
Concurrent Coronary, Left Ventricle, and Cerebral Thrombosis – A Trilogy

Left ventricular (LV) thrombus is a known complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), especially anterior wall MI and leads to systemic thromboembolism. However, increase in the rates of coronary perfusion either by thrombolysis or percutaneous interventions have reduced its incidence. Concurrent stroke and MI are seen in 0.009% of cases. The occurrence of AMI with LV thrombus with or without stroke mandates the combination of antiplatelet and antithrombotic therapy. Hitherto, there are no randomized studies in the setting of AMI with LV thrombus comparing dual (single antiplatelet plus oral anticoagulant [OAC]) and triple therapy (dual antiplatelet therapy with OAC). There are no large randomized trials as well to delineate the optimal therapy for simultaneous cardiac and cerebral infarction. We hereby, report an unusual case of a young patient who presented with triple combo of acute anterior wall MI, LV thrombus, and ischemic stroke and discuss the challenges in management in this scenario.
Electrospinning of Fluorinated Polymers: Current State of the Art on Processes and Applications

Abstract Electrospinning is a unique and versatile technique to produce fine submicrometric fibers and nanofibrous membranes from polymer solution or melt. In the last decade, fluorinated polymers (particularly polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF, VDF copolymers and polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE) have attracted significant attention in electrospinning processes. Fluoropolymers are extraordinary specialty materials characterized by outstanding properties, such as high chemical resistance, high thermostability, low surface energy, and electroactivity. Interestingly, electrospinning can further maximize their properties, thus allowing to fabricate advanced and fascinating nanostructured materials. Electrospun fluoropolymers show a tremendous potential for exciting applications in several areas, from filtration to environmental and energy fields (e.g. Li-ion batteries), chemical and biological sensing, electroactive applications, superhydrophobic coatings, textile and sport wear, and biomedical applications. This review presents the recent advances in the use of the wide family of fluoropolymers in electrospinning, describing the processes for the preparation of the fibrous materials, their properties, and their applications in several fields.
Losing a child: A grounded theory of failed infant adoptions among gay men

Abstract No studies to date have examined the experiences of gay men following a failed infant adoption, which is when the adoption process ends before it is legally finalized. Gay men are at risk of experiencing psychological distress following a failed adoption. The aims of this grounded theory study were to discover the experiences of gay men who had a failed infant adoption and to explore the grief and coping response. Eight gay men participated in in-depth interviews, representing 10 distinct failed adoptions. All participants met the birth mother and had a high intensity of contact. Data analysis resulted in an explanatory process-based framework, which was divided into three categories: (1) building anticipation, (2) adoption failure, and (3) loss of child. The adoptive parents’ anticipation strengthened as time passed and as they moved through the adoption steps, and they showed attributes of antenatal attachment. The adoption failure led to complex grief, like the response heterosexual men experience following their partner’s pregnancy loss.
The Combat Training Damage Control under the Condition of the Existing Problems and Countermeasures Research

since the combat training, especially the damage control simulation training equipment put into use, the forces of damage control to improve training level had the very big margin, but some still exist in the training from actual combat environment requires a gap problem, this paper respectively from commander, individual and damage control training facilities research and exploration on the three aspects.