Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a high-density genomic platform for Coho salmon, and its use in a population genetic assessment of aquaculture strains in Chile and North America

Domesticated salmon species have the potential to provide key insights on the role of genetic variation arising from in adaptive processes. Many existing aquaculture strains are descended from few sources and share similar breeding goals, but have been introduced to novel environments. Therefore, comparisons between strains and their source populations serve as a key resource for examining modes of evolution; the detection of signatures of selection across the genome can help to identify genes underlying quantitative traits that have played a role within and between populations. Many domesticated strains of Coho salmon are descended from a few source populations in the Pacific Northwest in the USA, and have been either developed for culture locally, or introduced into different environments in Chile. Most strains have been in culture for more than 20 generations and have experienced intense natural and artificial selection. Still, relevant genomic information to asses to what extent this population processes had shaped Coho salmon populations is not available for this species. In this paper, we develop a genome reference using synteny between species of the genera Onchorhynchus that was used for SNP discovery and to assess genetic variability at the whole genome level. The results show that important differences exist between commercial populations, from the 6 populations 4 Chilean and 2 from north America. The FST values appear to be more related to genetic drift, but still the functional analysis of the SNPs shows that transcription factors (such as AUTS) and immune related genes (such as NFKBIA) explained the genomic differences at specific sites of the genome. These regions appear to explain parallel effects of both domestication and artificial selection. Overall, the results show that important differences exist between commercial populations, which are likely explained by domestication at the production level and artificial selection for specific traits, primarily growth rate.
BAF Complex Enhances Reprogramming of Adult Human Fibroblasts

Chromatin remodeling molecules of the BAF complex, Brg1 and Baf155, as well as other chromatin remodeling molecules have been described to enhance Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc mediated reprogramming of mouse somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Brg1 maintains pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) by modulating the expression of pluripotent genes including Oct4 in synergy with LIF/STAT signaling. While mESCs depend on LIF/STAT signaling, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) use bFGF signaling to maintain pluripotency. Interestingly, unlike mESCs, BAF complex in hESCs is composed of both BAF155 and BAF170, where BAF170 plays a role in maintaining hESCs pluripotency. In this study we describe how BRG1 and BAF155 enhance reprogramming of adult human fibroblasts. Overexpression of BAF155 does not affect pluripotency of hiPSCs as tested by global gene expression profiling as well as in vivo and in vitro assays. Additionally, these findings show that BRG1 and BAF155 expression can enhance reprogramming even in the absence of LIF/STAT signaling.
Design and validation of a scale to evaluate the impact of implementing a quality management system in schools

La implantacion de sistemas de gestion de la calidad en las organizaciones educativas es una realidad en muchos paises. Los centros adoptan sistemas para establecer una politica de mejoras, basadas en la evaluacion de todo lo que se realiza en ellos. Sin embargo, se precisa obtener evidencias de las mejoras y cambios que se producen. En este trabajo se presenta el diseno de un cuestionario solidamente fundamentado y el analisis de las caracteristicas tecnicas del mismo. Los resultados muestran que la fiabilidad del cuestionario analizado globalmente es muy bueno, con un α de Cronbach de 0,988 y con valores superiores a 0,92 en cada una de las seis dimensiones. El analisis de items muestra la homogeneidad de los mismos, con valores superiores a 0,25. La validez del cuestionario es buena, hay consistencia entre las dimensiones y sub-dimensiones, e incluso se prueba la unidimensionalidad del constructo.
Foreign accent recognition project (FARP)

If a traveler or immigrant has biometric passport, then verifying the validity of the passport can be done by measuring face, fingerprint or voice and matching it against the stored model in the chip in the passport. However, many countries do not have not implemented yet biometric passport technology, in addition some Finnish passport categories, such as temporary passport do not have the chip. In this project we study a form a form of softbiometric, which does not identify an individual but a group of individuals. In this work we concentrated on the country origin, that is a required field in all passports. If we detect the country of origin to be false then we say that possibly the passport is fake. We implement the country of origin detection by the way of detecting the English foreign accent. We have recently proposed a universal acoustic characterisation to foreign accent recognition, in which any spoken foreign accent was described in terms of a common set of fundamental speech attributes. Although experimental evidence demonstrated the feasibility of our approach, we believe that speech attributes, namely manner and place of articulation, can be better modelled by a deep neural network. In this work, we propose the use of deep neural network trained on telephone bandwidth material from different languages to improve the proposed universal acoustic characterisation.
Assessment during the Integration of Lesson Study in Microteaching among Pre-service Teachers

Lesson Study is an approach used for critical analysis during the teaching and learning process. The effectiveness of this approach was proven when the Ministry of Education implemented it by stages in schools. This approach was also used to enhance the development process in the teaching profession. In conjunction with this, the science program students from the Faculty of Education were also given early exposure to Lesson Study. This approach was applied by integrating it in the teaching methods through simulated microteaching. Thus, the purpose of this study was to observe the assessment process in microteaching, which integrated with the approach of Lesson Study. This study was carried out in the Chemical Teaching Methods Course in the Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). It focused on how the pre-service teachers assessed the elements in microteaching. A total of 27 pre-service teachers were involved in the qualitative study. This study was carried out in one 14-weeks semester. This study involved the collection and qualitative analysis of data. Data sources were derived from observation, interviews, written reports by pre-service teachers, audio recordings (mp3), and video that was transcribed verbatim. Triangulation was done on each of the data sources. The findings showed that, through Lesson Study in microteaching, pre-service teachers were able to construct skills in doing assessment based on the lesson plan, teaching approach, and students’ behaviour. Findings from this study had a positive impact on the pre-service teachers in making assessments. This is due to the fact that the microteaching of Lesson Study allowed the pre-service teachers to construct their skills in doing assessments during the lessons. The construction of these skills is important because of the school-based assessment that focuses on the assessment process is being implemented in the school curriculum in Malaysia. Hence, the construction of skills to assess the entire lesson process is very significant for the pre-service teachers.
First-principles simulation: ideas, illustrations and the CASTEP code

First-principles simulation, meaning density-functional theory calculations with plane waves and pseudopotentials, has become a prized technique in condensed-matter theory. Here I look at the basics of the suject, give a brief review of the theory, examining the strengths and weaknesses of its implementation, and illustrating some of the ways simulators approach problems through a small case study. I also discuss why and how modern software design methods have been used in writing a completely new modular version of the CASTEP code.
The Economic Consequences of Foreigner Rules in National Sports Leagues

This paper provides a contest model of a professional team sports league and analyzes the impact of a restriction on foreign players. It shows that a league with binding restrictions on foreign talent for all clubs is more balanced than a league without binding restrictions on foreign talent. Moreover, the wage level of domestic (foreign) talent is higher (lower) in a league with a binding restriction on foreign players. Finally, a tighter restriction on foreign players increases profits of all clubs.
Detection of Phishing Websites Using SVM Technique

Internet has become an essential component of our everyday social and financial activities. Nevertheless, internet users may be vulnerable to different types of web threats, which may cause financial damages, identity theft, loss of private information, brand reputation damage and loss of customer’s confidence in e-commerce and online banking. Website phishing can be described as mimicking a trusted website to obtain sensitive information from online users such as usernames and passwords. Black lists, white lists and the utilization of search methods are examples of solutions to minimize the risk of this problem. Phishing is a website forgery with an intention to track and steal the sensitive information of online users. The attacker fools the user with social engineering techniques such as SMS, voice, email, website and malware. In this paper we describe various parameters to detect website as phishing or legitimate along with surveying the existed work done in phishing detection. As feature extraction is the main part in this work, we have given various feature parameters from which one can choose the desirable parameters for further classification of input website as legitimate or phishing. In further work, we will explore this topic on a collected dataset and will propose an algorithm which can classify the websites as legitimate or non-legitimate
Rural Credit in Vietnam

This paper uses a survey of 932 rural households to uncover how the rural credit market operates in four provinces of Vietnam. Households obtain credit through formal and informal lenders, but formal loans are almost entirely for production and asset accumulation. Interest rates fell from 1997 to 2002, reflecting increased market integration; but the determinants of formal and informal credit demand are distinct. Credit rationing depends on education and credit history, but we find no evidence of a bias against women. Regional differences are striking, and a ‘one size fits all’ approach to credit policy is clearly inappropriate.
Classifying Hyperspectral Imageries

: Classification is the process of assigning a pixel to the class to which it belongs. Classification may be supervised or unsupervised. This paper summarizes various classification methodology used in satellite imaging. Paper aims at providing information regarding various classification processes existing now days in remote sensing. Hyperspectral data set (AVIRIS (Moffet field, 1992)) has been used to verify accuracy of the classification algorithms. The results are displayed in the form of confusion matrix and Kappa coefficient. Experiments are performed on ENVI 4.5. The overall aim of this paper is to assess the relative performance of five approaches to classification in remote sensing maximum likelihood, neural network, minimum distance, parallelepiped and support vector machine. Also various factors involved in their performance are examined in detail.
On the influence of nucleation on the toughness of iPP/EPR blends with different rubber molecular architectures

The influence of α- and β-nucleating agents on the fracture performance of two different 32 wt% rubber modi- fied isotactic Polypropylene (iPP) reactor blends is discussed as a function of the phase morphology of the investigated sys- tems. Nucleation for systems with a large inter-particle distance was found to have only a limited impact on the temperature at which the ductile-brittle transition occurs, negative for α-nucleated blends, almost negligible for β-nucleated resins. For blends exhibiting a small inter-particular distance between their ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) phase, toughness was promoted slightly by α-nucleation and to a large extent by β-nucleation as compared to a non-nucleated reference. These findings raise the importance of mechanistic synergies between the rubbery phase and the matrix to maximize the fracture resistance of blends.
Landscape dynamics and resulting species interactions: the cod-capelin system in the southeastern Bering Sea

Capelin are a major component of cod diet in many ecosystems of the North Atlantic. In the Bering Sea, however, the percentage of capelin found in Pacific cod stomachs is negligible. We hypothesize that the landscape (or 'seascape') features of hydrography and bathymetry of the Bering Sea impose a constraint on the distribution of cod and capelin that contributes to their spatial segre- gation and ultimately, to their uniquely weak trophic link. We analyzed a long-term data collection (1972 to 2001) on Pacific cod and capelin catches and feeding interactions, and developed a new metric to quantify the spatially explicit overlap between a predator and a prey. Our analysis indicates that cod and capelin distributions respond to the thermal conditions of the Bering Sea. Typically, a frigid water mass is present on the middle portion of the shelf, and cod distribution is confined to the southern side of the cold pool, while capelin is confined to the north. However, in warm years the middle shelf is penetrated by thermal gateways (between 1 and 6°C), allowing cod to invade the capelin habitat. In this situation, when cod and capelin overlap, cod feed heavily on capelin. The annual index of cod and capelin overlap is correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index, a climate indicator of the North Pacific. The width of the thermal gateways in the middle shelf is also correlated with the PDO. These results point to a direct causal link, from climate and thermal conditions of the Bering Sea shelf, to cod and capelin distribution, and ultimately to their overlap and trophic interactions.
Changes in Quality of Broccoli Stored under Modified Atmosphere Packaging in Polymeric Films

Broccoli is a high value crop and is an important source of vitamins and anticarcinogenic substances (Nestle, 1998). Broccoli is a high respiring crop, which results in reduction of shelflife and quality in a short time. Traditional methods of packaging and handling reduce the shelf-life and various nutritional and phyto-chemical components of fresh produce. Temperature control and atmospheric modifications help to maintain the produce quality as they reduce the respiration rate and thus enhance the shelf-life of produce. The present study was taken up to know respiratory behavior of fresh broccoli at 15 ° C temperature and 75% relative humidity (commonly maintained during transportation and retail distribution in India) and also to see the effect of different polymeric films and packing conditions on its quality parameters. The results showed that the use of polymeric film packages can help in maintaining the sensory and nutritional International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 924-937 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
ON FITTING THE TRUNCATED LOGNORMAL DISTRIBUTION TO SPECIES-ABUNDANCE DATA USING MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION'

The truncated lognormal distribution can be used to graduate certain species-abundance data, provided that estimates of the location and scale parameters are obtained. A computer program has been written which groups the data on a log2 scale and numerically solves the maximum likelihood equations for this type of distribution. Results show that the estimates obtained by this method compare well with those of Hald and Cohen. Examples are presented using the diatom data of Hohn and Hellerman, and it is shown that a better fit is obtained by using the entire data set instead of selectively disregarding the most abundant tail intervals. Other published techniques for this type of analysis are also discussed.
A comparison between the improved element-free Galerkin method and the element-free Galerkin method for 2D potential and elasticity problems

In this paper, a comparison between the improved element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method, based on the improved moving least square (IMLS) approximation, and the element-free Galerkin (EFG) method, based on the moving least square (MLS) approximation, is presented. The IMLS approximation is obtained when an orthogonal basis function with a weight function is used. The IMLS approximation has a greater computational efficiency than the existing MLS approximation and does not lead to an ill-conditioned system of equations. The comparison is made for two-dimensional (2D) potential problems and 2D elastic problems. From these problems, the efficiency of the IEFG method is validated by comparing the results obtained with the IEFG method and EFG method with those obtained analytically.
Nonlinear Diffussion-Advection-Reaction Phenomena Involved in the Pumping of Oil from Open Sea: Modeling and Numerical Simulation.

The main goal of this article is to improve upon a previous model used to simulate the evolution of oil spots in the open sea and the effect of a skimmer ship pumping oil out of the spots. The concentration of the pollutant is subject to the effects of wind and sea currents, diffusion, and the pumping action of a skimmer (i.e., cleaning) ship that follows a pre-assigned trajectory. This implies that the mathematical model is of the advection-reaction-diffusion type. A drawback of our previous model was that diffusion was propagating with infinite velocity; in this article, we use an improved modeling relying on a nonlinear diffusion term, implying that diffusion propagates with finite velocity. To reduce numerical diffusion when approximating the advection part of the model, we consider second order discretization schemes with nonlinear flux limiters. We consider also absorbing boundary conditions to insure accurate results near the boundary. Finally, to reduce CPU time we use an operator-splitting scheme for the time discretization. The novel approach we advocate in this article is validated by comparing our numerical results with real life measurements from the Prestige oil spill which took place in Spain in 2002.
Effects of Various Cooking Methods on Content, Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity, and Bioaccessibility of Caffeoylquinic Acids in Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz, Gom-Chi

We hypothesized that cooking methods generally applied to Gom-chi preparation such as blanching, pan frying, and microwaving could change content, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and bioaccessibility of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs). Mono-, di-, and tri-CQAs were identified and quantified by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatograph-photodiode array detector. In vitro biomimick system was performed for assessing the bioaccessibility of CQAs. The free radical scavenging capacity was measured by ORAC assay, expressed as trolox equivalents (TE). The amount of 5-CQA, 4-CQA, 3-CQA, and 3,4-di-CQA were 136.72, 2144.44, 16.81, and 421.93 ? g, respectively, in g of fresh Gom-chi. The highest amount of CQAs and TE was observed in microwaving for 3 min and pan frying for 3 min, respectively. The ranking of total CQAs were found in the order of microwaving 3 min (239.96 ? g/g) > microwaving for 2 min (206.11 ? g/g) > blanching for 3 min (191.94 ? g/g) > blanching for 5 min (180.32 ? g/g) > pan for frying 5 min (161.20 ? g/g) > pan frying for 3 min (115.83 ? g/g). The bioaccessibility of total CQAs were 16.42, 17.64, 14.39, 13.29, and 12.43 (%) in fresh, blanching for 3 min, blanching for 5 min, pan frying for 3 min, and pan frying for 5 min, respectively. Among the cooking methods, blanching for 3 min had the highest amount of CQAs after digestion. Our results suggest that blanching 3 min could be a suggested optimal cooking method for Gom-chi to improve CQAs absorption.
Comparison of Maternal Feeding Practices and Child Weight Status in Children from Three Countries

The present study considered three samples of mothers from Brazil, South Korea, and the United States to determine whether mothers demonstrate a consistent pattern of feeding practices associated with child overweight. Participants included 1204 mothers of children 6-10 years old. Mothers completed questionnaires to report their children's demographics and their feeding practices with the Parent Mealtime Action Scale (PMAS). The South Korean children showed significantly less obesity (10.4%) than children from Brazil (17.0%) or the United States (19.6%). Confirmatory factor analysis for mothers from all three samples revealed good fit for the same nine PMAS dimensions of feeding practice. Hierarchical multiple regression revealed that after taking into account child age and gender, heavier child weight was found associated with more Fat Reduction and less Insistence on Eating by mothers from all three samples. Results from past experimental research suggest that these two maternal feeding practices would be counter-productive for teaching children's self-regulation of diet and weight management. Alternative maternal feeding practices are suggested.
Relationship Specificity, Market Thickness, and International Trade

We develop a dynamic, search-theoretical, general-equilibrium model to investigate the effect of trade liberalization in vertically-related industries, emphasizing differential impacts depending on the degree of relationship specificity of components that are traded within the vertical relationships. The paper in particular unveils the role of search-and-matching and the resulting market structures of vertically-related industries in evaluating the impact of trade liberalization. We find that the higher the relationship specificity, the thinner is the components market; and that a reduction in trade costs, either in final-goods trade or in components trade, makes the components market thinner and enhances social welfare. We also examine how trade liberalization changes the trade volume of final goods and components, and whether they exhibit complementarity.