Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Learner-centered Approaches in Mathematics Subject: A Case of Pugu Secondary School in Ilala District, Tanzania

This study sought to examine the use of learner-centered approaches in mathematics Subject at Pugu Secondary School in Ilala District, Tanzania. The study employed a qualitative approach through interviews, focus group discussions, documentary review and classroom observations. The study involved 30 students who participated in classroom observations and FGD and two teachers through interviews and the classroom observations. The study established that advanced mathematics teachers and students equally positively perceived the use of learner-centered approaches in the mathematics subject. Teachers integrated teacher-centered and learner-centered approaches but they lacked competence on how to effectively integrate different strategies when facilitating the lessons. Teachers either prepared lesson plans without following it or did not prepare the lesson plans at all. The study recommends that school administrators should make sure that teachers prepare and use lesson plans to guide the teaching and learning processes for better results. Finally, there is a need for frequent in-service training to mathematics teachers on how to effectively integrate different teaching and learning strategies in order to enhance students’ achievement in mathematics.
Ring-opening of non-activated aziridines with [11C]CO2via novel ionic liquids

Novel ionic liquids based on DBU and DBN halide salts were developed as a catalytic system for ring-opening of non-activated aziridines with [11C]CO2. The ability of ionic liquids to activate aziridines represents a simple methodology for the synthesis of 11C-carbamates and can be extended for CO2-fixation in organic and radiochemistry.
Conversion matrix extraction by commercial CAD software for the stability design of autonomous circuits

In this article a method to extract the conversion matrix of a nonlinear circuit by commercial CAD simulators is proposed. As an example, the conversion matrix, computed from a harmonic balance simulation, is used to control the stability of oscillators under large-signal conditions. This allows the suppression of possible spurious frequencies or the intentional generation of spurious signals (e.g. at subharmonic frequency). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2010.
Human–Machine Cooperative Steering Control Considering Mitigating Human–Machine Conflict Based on Driver Trust

To reduce the impact of human–machine conflict on vehicle safety, this study proposes a novel human–machine cooperative steering control approach from the perspective of driver trust in the machine. The relationship between driver trust in the machine and driving skill is analyzed by the chi-square test method, and an online cooperative algorithm is designed using fuzzy control for different conditions, which assigns control authority based on driver trust under safe conditions and gives most of the authority to the machine to ensure safety under dangerous conditions. The machine is designed using model predictive control as an alternative controller parallel to the driver. To implement the proposed approach, a simulation platform that includes drivers and a test vehicle is established. Based on the driving data of human drivers collected in field tests, a two-point visual driver model is established to simulate steering behaviors and reflect physical workload. The parameters of the driver model are identified by a particle swarm optimization method to represent different drivers. The effectiveness of the approach, such as guaranteeing vehicle safety and reducing physical workload and human–machine conflict, is verified by simulations under typical conditions and obstacle avoidance conditions based on veDYNA vehicle dynamics software.
THE EVALUATION OF SELECTED BIOACTIVITIES OF FUNGAL MYCELIUM OF A WILD Schizophyllum commune Fr. FROM SUBMERGED CULTURES

Schizophyllum commune is a widely distributed macrofungal species assorted with bioactivities. The specific objectives were evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant properties, synthesis of exopolysaccharides and carbohydrates contents estimation of mycelial extract of S. commune under submerged condition. Methanolic extracts of identified S. commune showed highest FRS (92.59%), chelating effect on ferrous ion (79.36%), reducing power (1.844) activities at 16, 1.5, 16 mg/ml concentrations respectively (p<0.05). S. commune showed potent antibacterial activities (p<0.05) against four bacterial strains except against P. aeruginosa where no activity was observed. The maximum inhibition zone was exhibited against S. aureus (20.2 mm) and minimum inhibition was found against B. subtilis (5.0 mm). This study recorded the highest dry weight (9.33 g/L) and rate of average growth (1.33 g/L/day) of S. commune in glucose (p<0.05) medium but highest EPS (4.10 g/L) production was observed in xylose medium. Out of seven nitrogen sources, maximum mycelial yield (2.7 g/L), rate of average growth (0.38 g/L) and EPS (4.26 g/L) were recorded in yeast extract medium (p<0.05). In glucose (0.597 g/100g) and yeast extract (0.006 g/100g) medias, the maximum amount of total carbohydrate was obtained from the EPSs of S. commune. That’s why it may be an excellent source of human medicines.
Synthesis and Evaluation of (1,4-Disubstituted)-1,2,3-triazoles as Estrogen Receptor Beta Agonists

Estrogen receptors (ER) are nuclear hormone receptors which are responsible for sex hormone signaling in women. A series of (1,4-disubstituted)-1,2,3-triazoles 5–21 were prepared by reaction of azidophenols with terminal alkynes under Fokin reaction conditions. The products were purified by column chromatography or recrystallization and characterized by NMR and HRMS. The compounds were tested for binding to ERβ via a ligand displacement assay, and 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-α-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole-4-ethanol (21) was found to be the most potent analog (EC50 = 1.59 μM). Molecular docking of 5–21 within the ligand binding pocket of ERβ (pdb 2jj3) was performed and the docking scores exhibited a general qualitative trend consistent with the measured EC50 values.
Comparative visual and DNA-based diet assessment extends the prey spectrum of polar cod Boreogadus saida

: The Arctic marine ecosystem is changing fast due to climate change, emphasizing the need for solid ecological baselines and monitoring. The polar cod Boreogadus saida functions as a key species in the Arctic marine food web. We investigated the stomach contents of polar cod from the northern Barents Sea using DNA metabarcoding with the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene in parallel with classical visual analysis. Arctic amphipods and krill dominated the diet in both methods. Yet, metabarcoding allowed for the identification of digested and unidenti-fiable prey and provided higher taxonomic resolution, revealing new and undiscovered prey items of polar cod in the area. Furthermore, molecular results suggest a higher importance of bar-nacles and fish (presumably eggs and pelagic larvae) in the diet than previously recorded. Para-sites and, in 6 cases, other prey items were only visually identified, demonstrating the complementary nature of both approaches. The presence of temperate and boreal prey species such as northern krill and (early life stages of) European flounder and European plaice illustrates the advection of boreal taxa into the polar region or may be indicative of ongoing borealisation in the Barents Sea. We show that a combination of visual analysis and metabarcoding provides complementary and semi-quantitative dietary information and integrative insights to monitor changing marine food webs.
Values education: the understanding of values across Irish educational legislation, policies and curriculum

ABSTRACT Schools have long been identified as important sites in terms of instilling values within the next generation. In order to develop our understanding of values, this paper sets out to explore how values are understood in Irish educational legislation, policies and curriculum. Irish Legislation, policies and curricula were searched systematically. Following the application of inclusion criteria, 188 documents were included in the sample, policies (n = 49), legislation (n = 39) and curriculum specifications (n = 100). Across these documents, ‘values’ tend to be understood in four main ways: 1) establishing the role of the school in developing students’ values, 2) supporting the development of particular values, 3) respecting a diverse range of values, and 4) respecting and protecting schools’ values. Some considerations are presented in terms of supporting schools to navigate these different and at times diverging policy, legislative and curriculum contexts with regards conditions for implementation of values in education.
Graph, Equation and Unique Correspondence: Three Models of Students' Thinking about Functions in a Technology-Enhanced Precalculus Class.

This paper documents how eight high school students in a precalculus class enhanced with graphing calculators think about functions. Three models of thinking about functions emerged from students' function images observed over a period of 9 months. In the graph model, students believed that functions are essentially graphs; in the equation model, they believed that functions are relationships between x and y expressed by equations; and in the unique correspondence model, they took "one output for every input" as the definition of a function. The vertical line test served as a link across all of the models. (SW) C. *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. ***********************************************************************
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS

Collaborative writing has gained researchers’ attention due to its efficiency in enhancing students’ writing abilities compared to traditional writing. More recently, more emphasis has been on computer-based versions of collaborative writing because of the introduction of Web 2.0 and other cloud-based writing tools, such as Google Docs and Wikis, especially at the tertiary level. However, there is still a dearth of research regarding synchronous collaborative writing in mainstream K-12 classes. Therefore, this quasi-experimental quantitative study aims to investigate the impact of synchronous collaborative writing on developing fourth-grade EFL students’ writing. The data were collected from the pre-tests and the post-tests of 49 students in a technology-supportive K-12 school in Riyadh-Saudi Arabia and were analyzed using independent samples t-test via SPSS version 23. The analysis of individual writing performance in the preand posttests revealed that the total mean scores of the Content, Language use, and Organisation measurements increased in both the experimental group, after experiencing collaborative writing using Google Docs, and the control group, who used traditional pen-andpaper writing. In addition, significant differences existed in the three writing tasks (Narrative, Argumentative, and Informative) in the post-test scores of the experimental group as well as in the post-test scores between the groups, with the experimental group scoring higher than the traditional writing group. However, no significant difference was revealed between the preand posttest scores of the control group. In addition, it was found that the task type variable plays a vital role in collaborative writing. These findings are significant for both educators and students in implementing computer-based collaborative writing in mainstream classes and for researchers who are interested in web-based education and E-learning.
Back Plate Marking of a Mechanical Chest Compression Device to Reduce the Duration of Chest Compression Interruptions

Objective To compare the effectiveness of applying the back plate marking method vs the standard method, to a mechanical chest compression device, in regards to reducing the duration of chest compression interruptions during a simulated cardiac arrest. Methods An experimental study, one group pretest posttest design, conducted in a university-based hospital from November 2020 to October 2021. The study recruited 20 participants including emergency medical residents and paramedics. The participants were randomized into three-person teams and applied the device in both standard and back plate marking methods in sequential order. Teams were required to use a mechanical chest compression device in a manikin-based OHCA simulation to assess performance. Results The median time pause for the deployment of the upper part of the device was significantly reduced (16 vs 21s, P < 0.01) in the back plate marking method, as was the total pause for device deployment (31.5 vs 38.75s, P = 0.03) and the proportion of total hands-off time attributable to device application interruption (43.08% vs 49.18%, P = 0.02). There was no difference between groups in the duration of all compression interruptions (70.5 vs 82.75s, P = 0.20) and compression fractions (77.85 vs 76.91%, P = 0.19). Conclusion The back plate marking method was a significantly reduced time of the deployment of the upper part of the device and in regards to the overall pause for device deployment, but there was no difference in CPR quality between the two methods.
Serological Investigation and Genetic Characteristics of Pseudorabies Virus between 2019 and 2021 in Henan Province of China

In late 2011, severe pseudorabies (PR) outbreaks occurred among swine herds vaccinated with the Bartha-K61 vaccine in many provinces of China, causing enormous economic losses for the pork industry. To understand the epidemic profile and genetic characteristics of the pseudorabies virus (PRV), a total of 35,796 serum samples were collected from 1090 pig farms of different breeding scales between 2019 and 2021 in the Henan province where swine had been immunized with the Bartha-K61 vaccine, and PRV glycoprotein E (gE)-specific antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results reveal that the overall positive rate for PRV gE antibodies was 20.33% (7276/35,796), which decreased from 25.00% (2596/10,385) in 2019 to 16.69% (2222/13,315) in 2021, demonstrating that PR still existed widely in pig herds in the Henan province but displayed a decreasing trend. Further analysis suggested that the PRV-seropositive rate may be associated with farm size, farm category, quarter, region and the cross-regional transportation of livestock. Moreover, the gE gene complete sequences of 18 PRV isolates were obtained, and they shared a high identity (97.1–100.0%) with reference strains at the nucleotide level. Interestingly, the phylogenetic analysis based on the gE complete sequences found that there were both classical strains and variant strains in pig herds. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis of the gE gene showed that there were unique amino acids in the classical strains, the variant strains and genotype Ⅱ strains. This study provides epidemiological data that could be useful in the prevention of pseudorabies in Henan, China, and this finding contributed to our understanding of the epidemiology and evolution of PRV.
Continuation-ratio Model for Categorical Data: A Gibbs Sampling Approach

Inthis paper we discuss the continuation- ratio model for ordinal data. This particular type of model is to model the probability of one particu- lar category given the categories proceeding this one. It can be shown that estimation of the continuation- ratio model parameters can be done eciently by us- ing the techniques in fitting the binary data mod- els. In this way, one does not have to estimate the cut-point parameters as in the cumulative probability models. A Bayesian approach with the use of Gibbs sampler is adopted in this paper. The adaptive re- jection sampling method proposed by Gilks and Wild is used. The adaptive rejection sampling (ARS) algo- rithm is an ecient and direct method to sample from complicated log-concave densities often found in many Gibbs sampling scheme. We applied this model to analyse data obtained from experiments about quality of telephone connection conducted by British Telecom (BT) Laboratory. The final results are satisfactory.
Ransomware: An Interdisciplinary Technical and Legal Approach

Ransomware constitutes a prevalent global cybersecurity threat since several years ago, but it is almost pandemic at present. To a larger extent, the growth of this criminal practice is due to its high economic efficiency and high degree of impunity. Efficiency in general is mainly a consequence of its high and sophisticated technical development more varieties, more devices to use it on and more functional complexity, while impunity is mostly the result of shortcomings and gaps in legal regulation. However, both of the aspects are closely related, as combating ransomware requires adopting and integrating technical solutions and legal sanctions with an interdisciplinary approach. Regretfully, the analyze of the ransomware’s background, theoretical framework and practice shows a vast majority of technical proposals and a lack of either interdisciplinary or legal studies. The technical as well as the legal dimensions of ransomware need to be addressed to properly understand the scope and nature of the problem and its potential solutions. Following this approach, some basic guidelines about defense, mitigation and sanction methods are proposed in order to reach a feasible response to the challenge of defeating ransomware. These include the definition of ransomware as an autonomous offence. After setting out the main results of the doctrine, the conclusion section specifies the solutions drawn from such an interdisciplinary technical-legal approach.
Unsteady Flow through the Gap of Savonius Turbine Rotor

Abstract: The paper presents a numerical analysis of unsteady ﬂow through the p ofa Savonius turbine rotor, performed for varying integral turbine operating pareters calculatedforthecaseunderstudyaswellasobtainedfromexperimentsdescribedintheliterature.Changesin the unsteady ﬂow pattern, including the development and interaction of numerous vortexstructures in the vicinity of the p, and their relevance to the var ying integral pareters arediscussed. We conclude that the structure responsible for the intensity of the ﬂow through thep is a vortex which forms in the vicinity of the p at certain phases of rotor revolution, andthat a possible way to improve the eﬃciency of operation of a Savonius turbine is to control theintensity of this vortex by modifying the shape of the blade edges in the vicinity of the p. Keywords: Savonius turbine, rotor p, vortices Notation C P – power coeﬃcient C T – torque coeﬃcient D – rotor dieter d – blade dieter e – p width H – rotor height P – power R – blade radius
Uniqueness of Einstein Kähler Metrics Modulo Connected Group Actions

Throughout this paper, we fix an arbitrary n-dimensional compact complex manifold X with positive first Chern class cl(Xh>O. We then put f: the set of all Kahler forms on X representing 27! 'c1(X)R' f+: ={w E f I w has positive definite Ricci tensor}, 0":={w E f Iw is an Einstein form}, C"'(Xh: the space of real-valued COO-functions on X, Aut (X): the group of holomorphic automorphisms of X, G:=AutO(X): the identity component of Aut (X).
Digital Innovation Enabled Nanomaterial Manufacturing; Machine Learning Strategies and Green Perspectives

Machine learning has been an emerging scientific field serving the modern multidisciplinary needs in the Materials Science and Manufacturing sector. The taxonomy and mapping of nanomaterial properties based on data analytics is going to ensure safe and green manufacturing with consciousness raised on effective resource management. The utilization of predictive modelling tools empowered with artificial intelligence (AI) has proposed novel paths in materials discovery and optimization, while it can further stimulate the cutting-edge and data-driven design of a tailored behavioral profile of nanomaterials to serve the special needs of application environments. The previous knowledge of the physics and mathematical representation of material behaviors, as well as the utilization of already generated testing data, received specific attention by scientists. However, the exploration of available information is not always manageable, and machine intelligence can efficiently (computational resources, time) meet this challenge via high-throughput multidimensional search exploration capabilities. Moreover, the modelling of bio-chemical interactions with the environment and living organisms has been demonstrated to connect chemical structure with acute or tolerable effects upon exposure. Thus, in this review, a summary of recent computational developments is provided with the aim to cover excelling research and present challenges towards unbiased, decentralized, and data-driven decision-making, in relation to increased impact in the field of advanced nanomaterials manufacturing and nanoinformatics, and to indicate the steps required to realize rapid, safe, and circular-by-design nanomaterials.
Differential gene expression analysis after DAPK1 knockout in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Background The mechanism through which death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) causes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify key proteins that were altered after DAPK1 knockout. Methods Stable DAPK1 knockout HCC cell lines were established, then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of HCC were screened using the NetworkAnalyst database and enriched using the Metascape software. Protein-protein interaction networks (PPIs) were analyzed and visualized using the STRING database expansion. Results In total, 732 differentially expressed genes were identified, including 415 upregulated genes and 317 downregulated genes. Through Cytoscape software scoring, 10 pivotal genes were found to be closely related to changes in DAPK1 expression; Kininogen-1 (KNG1), Complement C3 (C3), Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), and Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG) were the most strongly associated with DAPK1 expression changes. Moreover, western blot analysis results revealed that changes in the levels of proteins encoded by the four key genes after DAPK1 knockout were consistent with those seen in the database screening. Conclusions These results provide a direction for further studies on the DAPK1 gene and on the mechanism through which DAPK1 leads to hepatocellular carcinoma development.
Stratospheric Chemical Lifetime of Aviation Fuel Incomplete Combustion Products

The stratosphere contains haze rich in sulfuric acid, which plays a significant role in stratospheric chemistry and in global climate. Commercial aircraft deposit significant amounts of incomplete combustion products into the lower stratosphere. We have studied the stability of these incomplete combustion products to reaction with sulfuric acid, using a predictive model based on experimental reaction kinetics. We demonstrate that sulfuric acid chemistry is likely to be a significant component of the chemistry of organics in the stratosphere. We find that at least 25 of the 40 known incomplete combustion products from aviation fuel have lifetimes to reaction with aerosol sulfuric acid of at least months. We estimate that ~109 kg of long-lived products could be deposited per year in the lower stratosphere. We suggest that the high molecular weight organic compounds formed as incomplete combustion products of commercial long-haul aviation could play a significant role in the stratosphere.