Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The use of digital human modelling for the definition and contextualisation of a direct vision standard for trucks

This paper presents research performed on behalf of Transport for London in the UK addressing the over representation of trucks involved in accidents with vulnerable road users where issues with driver vision are often cited as the main casual factors. A Direct Vision Standard for London and potentially for Europe has been developed that utilizes a volumetric assessment of field of view performance. This paper presents research into how to contextualize the somewhat abstract volumetric performance scores into real world metrics using digital human models. The research modelled 27 trucks currently available from major manufacturers and analyzed their volumetric performance. It also explored a supplementary process using digital human models define the minimum threshold of field of view performance. The current proposal utilizes thirteen human models, representing 5th %ile Italian females, positioned to front, left and right of the cab. The minimum standard was developed to ensure that no blind spot exists between the regulations for mirror coverage and the new Direct Vision Standard. The research is ongoing in line with the finalization of the standard at a European level.
Simultaneous determination of optimal machining conditions and tool replacement policies in constrained machining economics problems by geometric programming

This paper presents an analytical model for the simultaneous determination of the optimal machining conditions (cutting speed and feed) and the optimal tool replacement policy in constrained machining economics problems by geometric programming. The optimal preventive tool replacement policy is initially determined as a tool life fractile (independent of the underlying tool life distribution) and then it is expressed as actual tool life by utilizing the underlying tool life distribution applicable to the combination of tool material, workpiece properties, and machining conditions. Constraints on the optimal values of cutting speeds, feeds, and/or optimal tool replacement policy based on maximum allowable values and/or surface finish requirements are handled through the optimization of the dual objective function. It is shown that the optimal cost distribution does not depend on the cost coefficients in the objective function. Finally, the model is applied to two-stage systems where the necessary condition.
Intensity based interrogation of optical fibre sensors for industrial automation and intrusion detection systems

In this study, the use of optical fibre sensors for intrusion detection and industrial automation systems has been demonstrated, with a particular focus on low cost, intensitybased, interrogation techniques. The use of optical fibre sensors for intrusion detection systems to secure residential, commercial, and industrial premises against potential security breaches has been extensively reviewed in this thesis. Fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensing is one form of optical fibre sensing that has been underutilised in applications such as in-ground, in-fence, and window and door monitoring, and addressing that opportunity has been a major goal of this thesis. Both security and industrial sensor systems must include some centralised intelligence (electronic controller) and ideally both automation and security sensor systems would be controlled and monitored by the same centralised system. Optical fibre sensor systems that could be used for either application have been designed, developed, and tested in this study, and optoelectronic interfaces for integrating these sensors with electronic controllers have been demonstrated. The versatility of FBG sensors means that they are also ideal for certain mainstream industrial applications. Two novel transducers have been developed in this work; a highly sensitive low pressure FBG diaphragm transducer and a FBG load cell transducer. Both have been designed to allow interrogation of the optical signal could occur within the housing of the individual sensors themselves. This is achieved in a simple and low cost manner that enables the output of the transducers to be easily connected to standard electronic controllers, such as programmable logic controllers. Furthermore, some of the nonlinear characteristics of FBG sensors have been explored with the aim of developing transducers that are inherently decoupled from strain and temperature interference. One of the major advantages of optical fibre sensors is their ability to be both time division and wavelength division multiplexed. The intensity-based interrogation techniques used here complement this attribute and are a major consideration when developing the transducers and optoelectronic circuits. A time division multiplexing technique, using
Bringing an Effective Solar Sail Design Toward TRL 6

Solar sails reflect photons streaming from the sun and convert some of the energy into thrust. This thrust, though small, is continuous and acts for the life of the mission without the need for propellant (1) . Recent advances in sail materials and ultra-low mass structures have enabled a host of useful missions utilizing solar sail propulsion. The team of L’Garde, Jet Propulsion Laboratories, Ball Aerospace, and Langley Research Center, under the direction of NASA, has been developing a solar sail configuration to address NASA’s future space propulsion needs. Utilizing inflatably deployed and Sub Tg rigidized boom components, this 10,000 m 2 sailcraft achieves an areal density of 14.1 g/m 2 and a characteristic acceleration of 0.58 mm/s 2 . The entire configuration released by the upper stage has a mass of 232.9 kg and requires just 1.7 m3 of volume in the booster. After deployment, 92.2 kg of non-flight required equipment is jettisoned resulting in a sailcraft mass, including payload and control system, of 140.7 kg.
HighSpeedDigital ImageCorrelation forTransient-Shock Reliability ofElectronics

Electronics maybesubjected toshock, vibration, and drop-impact during shipping, handling andduring normal usage. Measurement oftransient dynamic deformation ofthe electronics assemblies during theshockandvibration can yield significant insights inunderstanding theoccurrence of failure modesandthedevelopment offailure envelopes. Failure-modes include solder-joint failures, padcratering, chip-cracking, coppertracefracture, andunderfill fillet failures. Previous researchers havemeasured thetransientdynamics ofboardassemblies withhigh-speed imaging in conjunction withhigh-speed imageanalysis formeasurement ofrelative displacement, angle, velocity, andacceleration [Lall 2006,Che2006]. Inaddition, high-speed dataacquisition systems withdiscrete strain gages havebeenused formeasurements oftransient strain [Lall 2004, 2005, Liang 2005]andwithaccelerometers formeasurement oftransient acceleration [Dunford 2004,Goyal2000,Seah2005]. Development of accuratemodelsrequires better understanding offull-field strain deformation inboard assemblies. Inthis paper, theuseofdigital imagecorrelation (DIC) withultra high-speed imaging hasbeenusedforfull-field measurement oftransient strain invarious boardassemblies subjected toshockinvarious orientations. Measurements havebeentaken onboththepackage andtheboard side ofthe assemblies. Accuracy ofhigh-speed optical measurement has beencompared withthat fromdiscrete strain gages. Package architectures examined include-flex ball-grid arrays, tapearrayball-grid arrays, andmetallead-frame packages. Explicit finite-element modelshavebeendeveloped and correlated withexperimental data. Models developed include, smeared property models, Timoshenko-beam models, and explicit sub-models. Thesolder strains havebeencomputed fromtheexplicit finite element models forlife prediction in shock.
Multi-sequence CMR based myocardial pathology segmentation challenge

Assessment of myocardial viability is essential in the diagnosis and treatment management for patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is particularly used to provide imaging anatomical and functional information of heart, such as the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) CMR sequence which visualizes MI, the T2-weighted CMR which images the acute injury and ischemic regions, and the balancedSteady State Free Precession (bSSFP) cine sequence which captures cardiac motions and presents clear boundaries. Combining these multi-sequence CMR data can provide rich and reliable information as well as morphological information of the myocardium.
Application of the Standardized Precipitation Index and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Evaluation of Irrigation Demands at Three Sites in Jamaica

AbstractAgricultural production is a significant contributor to the economy of Jamaica, which is situated in the northwestern Caribbean Sea; this production is heavily dependent on seasonal rainfall because only approximately 10% of Jamaica’s cultivated lands are irrigated. Drought is a disastrous natural phenomenon that has a significant impact on socioeconomics, agriculture, and the environment. In the 2000–2001 drought experienced in Jamaica, there were crop losses amounting up to US$6 million. Hence, drought index information is essential for better planning for drought impacts and allows for the introduction of mitigation measures in the agricultural sector. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the suitability of both the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in reflecting water stressed conditions and irrigation demand requirements for three agricultural sites: Savanna-la-Mar in the parish of Westmoreland, Beckford Kraal in the .
Towards a strategic view of engineering operations

The aim of this article is to introduce a strategic view of engineering operations. The reported research began with developing a theoretical foundation from the literature. Key elements of the theoretical framework and their relations have been enriched and extended through case studies with 28 UK-based engineering organisations. The case studies suggested three essential strategic elements of engineering operations such as (1) a coherent vision of how to compete through engineering, (2) a consistent pattern of decision-making and (3) a contingent fit with the contextual environment. Typical decision frames have been observed around these strategic elements. This article contributes to an improved understanding of operations strategies with engineering cases. The findings will be useful for scholars studying manufacturing and engineering management, as well as for practitioners who are looking for a strategic approach to enhance their engineering performance.
New concept for fault location in series-compensated parallel lines

New concept for fault location in series-compensated parallel lines is presented. The developed one-end fault location algorithm offsets the series compensation and the reactance effects as well as takes the countermeasure for the mutual coupling between parallel lines. Its distinctive feature relies in no requirement of the impedance data for the equivalent systems behind both the line terminals and for the possible extra link between the substations. Moreover, complete avoiding of pre-fault measurements is provided. The sample fault location cases for the fault data obtained from versatile ATP-EMTP simulations are included and discussed.
Uncertainty of gauge block calibration by mechanical comparison: a worked example for gauge blocks of dissimilar materials

The definition of gauge black length,and the lowest- uncertainty gauge block calibrations, derive their link to the definition of the meter through the technique of optical interferometry using calibrated optical wavelengths. Following interferometric calibration of gauge blocks, the technique of mechanical comparison of gauge blocks is largely used for the dissemination of the meter. A measurement scenario for the case of low-uncertainty gauge block calibration in which the working standard and client gauge blocks are made of dissimilar materials is described. The correction for stylus deformation is determined experimentally. A detailed tutorial on evaluating the uncertainties for this gauge block calibration in accordance with the ISO Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement is reported, including discussion of degrees of freedom and correlations.
TRANSITION RS: the design component for the communication of medical research

Over the last few years, design has increasingly entered the realm of health, thanks to the connection with other disciplines, such as science and medicine. Information design, due to its ability to translate complex and invisible data into visible and understandable ones, can put the interpretative filter of contemporary scientific research over product, services and communicative artifacts, useful to transmit to people knowledge related to psycho-physical well-being. In addition to being associated with more conscious choices and activities, information design and, as well, design, through the connection with medicine, can help in the communication of diseases, both for treatment and preservation. The aim of the paper is to introduce the methodology and, as well, the firsts results of an ongoing research which focus is the divulgation of medical-scientific knowledge on Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) and epigenetic factors, which technical data have been translated into different king of devices able to relate people everyday life with the managing and prevention of this pathology.
Analysis and Detection of Elastic Deformation of the Large-Scale Crankshaft in Non-Circular Grinding

Due to the discontinuous axis and the big ratio of length to diameter, the large-scale crankshaft is easy to generate the complex elastic deformation under the effect of the huge gravity and the clamping force on non-circular grinding machine. The distinctive deformation deteriorates the coaxiality of all the main journals and thus the grinding precision of crankpins in non-circular grinding. In this paper, the statics analysis of large-scale crankshaft has been conducted by using the finite element simulation. The overall deformation of crankshaft and the position offset of each main journal center without or with the auxiliary supports have been simulated and contrasted. The results manifest that the auxiliary support forces produced by the steady rests have the positive effect on the compensation for crankshaft deformation. On this basis, to satisfy the demand of position adjustment of the upper and lower support pads of servo-controlled open steady rest, the on-machine measurement method and device of the position of main journal center is proposed. And then the offset calculation model of the main journal center is deduced using the measured data. The measurement method and device are beneficial for the straightening of the crankshaft and the improvement of machining accuracy of crankpins in non-circular grinding.
Effects of Gear Manufacturing Error on the Dynamic Characteristics of Planetary Gear Transmission System of Wind Turbine

The effects of gear manufacturing error on the dynamic characteristics of planetary gear transmission system of wind turbine are studied in this paper. Firstly, the static transmission error combined with manufacturing error of the gear is deduced. Then, the nonlinear dynamic model of planetary gear transmission system of wind turbine is set up with the consideration of time-varying mesh stiffness, backlash and manufacturing error. Finally, the statistical characteristics of Vibration displacement response process of each component of planetary gear transmission system are obtained by simulation analysis of the planetary gear system of 1.5MW Semi-direct drive wind turbine with the consideration of the torque fluctuation caused by wind speed. The research results lay a foundation for reliability design and optimizing of gear transmission system of wind turbine.
Women-focused entrepreneurial support organizations: creating change in entrepreneurial ecosystems through building gender capital?

Abstract Despite implementation of policies and programs aimed to increase women’s participation, there is still a significant gap in the percentage of women owned businesses compared to men. We explore how a women-focused entrepreneurial support organization (ESO) builds gender capital and how it might contribute to generating change and creating more inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs). We adopt a Bourdieusian lens and a qualitative case study approach interviewing 18 participants associated with a local ESO in Saskatchewan, Canada (Women Entrepreneurs of Saskatchewan). Findings reveal that the ESO does contribute to building gender capital with an emphasis on cultural and social capital. This findings also raise additional questions. First, the extent to which some of the work of this ESO is reinforcing a masculine norm is unclear, as well as the policy implications of this (e.g., focus upon scaling up as a measure of success). Second, women entrepreneurs are not a heterogeneous group and it is challenging for one organization to generate gender capital in ways which account for women entrepreneurs’ varied experiences and motivations.
A Review of AI Based Medical Assistant Chatbot

This is now the age of smart computer. Machines have started to impersonate as human, with the advent of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Chatbot is classified as conversational software agents enabled by natural language processing, and is an excellent example of such system. A Chatbot is a program which allows the user to start a conversation with the machine. This is a platform focused on Artificial Intelligence (AI), which can be developed as messaging applications, web applications, or smartphone applications. A chatbot represents machine that answers questions using Natural Language Processing (NLP). Formulating natural language answers to the questions. Chatbots create a difference in the world of nursing and provide a simple way to handle people from professional organizations. Health chatbots are capable of running one-on-one patient communications and of reviewing specific patient queries. This program aims to investigate the existing e healthcare structure involving a complex interaction with human machines and proposes an alternate method: a chat interface designed and configured to act and interact with patients like a human being. keywords to the of intervention, and consequences (e.g., counselling, commitment, effectiveness, disposition, quality of life, and mental wellness). The Scientific Literature Research and the search technique was revamped and concepts were expanded to encompass a broader variety of mental wellbeing problems to increase the amount of studies completed.
Dual-band microstrip antenna using capacitive loading

A novel technique for obtaining a single-layer single-feed dual-band microstrip antenna loaded with narrow slots and chip capacitors is proposed and demonstrated. By embedding a pair of slots of proper lengths close to the radiating edges, the rectangular patch has been shown to realise dual-band broadside radiation. The range of the frequency ratio (FR) can be extended to 1.25 by using chip capacitor loading across the narrow slots to produce further capacitive loads. Simple semi-empirical formulas for the two operating frequencies have also been obtained. Dual circular polarisation (CP) radiation for a global positioning satellite (GPS) application using four slots and four chip capacitors on a square patch is also demonstrated. Details of the antenna design and experimental results are presented.
A Two-Level Model of Driver Steering Behavior

In evaluating the performance of the driver-vehicle system and in establishing design criteria for favorable vehicle dynamics, a quantitative description of driver steering behavior such as a mathematical model is likely to be helpful. The steering task can be divided into two levels: (1) the guidance level involving the perception of the instantaneous and future course of the forcing function provided by the forward view of the road, and the response to it in an anticipatory open-loop control mode; (2) the stabilization level whereby any occuring deviations from the forcing function are compensated for in a closed-loop control mode. This concept of the duality of the driver's steering activity led to a newly developed two-level model of driver steering behavior. Its parameters were identified on the basis of data measured in driving simulator experiments. The parameter estimates of both levels of the model show significant dependence on the experimental situation which can be characterized by variables such as vehicle speed and desired path curvature.
A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Licensed Masters-Level Social Worker’s Engagement in Outcome Evaluation

Purpose Little is known concerning the way that Licensed Masters-Level social workers are evaluating outcomes. Methods Licensed providers (n = 111) completed a mixed-methods web-based survey regarding ways they evaluate practice outcomes. Content analysis was used to identify ways in which social workers reported evaluating practice outcomes. Results Evaluation methods identified were (1) not consistently evaluating client outcomes, (2) completion of follow-up appointments, (3) clinical judgment/completion of treatment plan, (4) satisfaction surveys, (5) client-reported symptom remission, (6) judgment of key informants, and (7) standardized objective measures. Objective evaluation methods were used most by individuals reporting frequent outcome evaluation, those reporting less frequent outcome evaluation used client self-report or relied on feedback from key informants to gauge client’s progress. Frequency of outcome evaluation was inversely related to perceived difficulty of evaluating outcomes. Discussion Social workers frequently rely on non-standardized, subjective evaluation methods. More research in this area is currently indicated.
Notch Size and Loading Rate on the Tensile Behavior of Woven Fabric Reinforced Flexible Composite with Symmetrical Double Edge Notch

In order to investigate the effects of lager notch ratio (2α/W) and loading rate on the tensile behavior of woven fabric reinforced flexible composites, in this study, fracture mechanism and tensile strength of finite woven fabric-reinforced flexible composite materials with a through-the-thickness symmetrical located double edge notches is experimentally investigated, and the effects of notch size, loading rate on the tensile properties of notched specimen are analyzed. The results show that the woven fabric reinforced flexible composites exhibit notch sensitivity and loading rate dependent. These results play an important role in predicting strength and evaluating the lifetime of textile reinforced flexible composite materials with double edge notches.