Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Compilation meets Uniform Sampling

Uniform sampling has drawn diverse applications in programming languages and software engineering, like in constrained-random verification (CRV), constrained-fuzzing and bug synthesis. The effectiveness of these applications depend on the uniformity of test stimuli generated from a given set of constraints. Despite significant progress over the past few years, the performance of the state of the art techniques still falls short of those of heuristic methods employed in the industry which sacrifice either uniformity or scalability when generating stimuli. In this paper, we propose a new approach to the uniform generation that builds on recent progress in knowledge compilation. The primary contribution of this paper is marrying knowledge compilation with uniform sampling: our algorithm, KUS, employs the state-of-the-art knowledge compilers to first compile constraints into d-DNNF form, and then, generates samples by making two passes over the compiled representation. We show that KUS is able to significantly outperform existing state-of-the-art algorithms, SPUR and UniGen2, by up to 3 orders of magnitude in terms of runtime while achieving a geometric speedup of 1.7× and 8.3× over SPUR and UniGen2 respectively. Also, KUS achieves a lower PAR-2 score, around 0.82× that of SPUR and 0.38× that of UniGen2. Furthermore, KUS achieves speedups of up to 3 orders of magnitude for incremental sampling. The distribution generated by KUS is statistically indistinguishable from that generated by an ideal uniform sampler. Moreover, KUS is almost oblivious to the number of samples requested.
Quasipolynomial Set-Based Symbolic Algorithms for Parity Games

Solving parity games, which are equivalent to modal $\mu$-calculus model checking, is a central algorithmic problem in formal methods. Besides the standard computation model with the explicit representation of games, another important theoretical model of computation is that of set-based symbolic algorithms. Set-based symbolic algorithms use basic set operations and one-step predecessor operations on the implicit description of games, rather than the explicit representation. The significance of symbolic algorithms is that they provide scalable algorithms for large finite-state systems, as well as for infinite-state systems with finite quotient. Consider parity games on graphs with $n$ vertices and parity conditions with $d$ priorities. While there is a rich literature of explicit algorithms for parity games, the main results for set-based symbolic algorithms are as follows: (a) an algorithm that requires $O(n^d)$ symbolic operations and $O(d)$ symbolic space; and (b) an improved algorithm that requires $O(n^{d/3+1})$ symbolic operations and $O(n)$ symbolic space. Our contributions are as follows: (1) We present a black-box set-based symbolic algorithm based on the explicit progress measure algorithm. Two important consequences of our algorithm are as follows: (a) a set-based symbolic algorithm for parity games that requires quasi-polynomially many symbolic operations and $O(n)$ symbolic space; and (b) any future improvement in progress measure based explicit algorithms imply an efficiency improvement in our set-based symbolic algorithm for parity games. (2) We present a set-based symbolic algorithm that requires quasi-polynomially many symbolic operations and $O(d \cdot \log n)$ symbolic space. Moreover, for the important special case of $d \leq \log n$, our algorithm requires only polynomially many symbolic operations and poly-logarithmic symbolic space.
A review of narrative ethics: an approach to medical ethics education

Narrative ethics is an approach that is well known for ethical education and moral development. In narrative ethics, by using a story, its components and characters, ethical knowledge and awareness can be achieved. This approach is very useful in medical ethics education and is helpful in dealing with ethical dilemmas. In fact, part of ethical development, in addition to moral judgment, is to reinforce the ethical sensitivity in which narrative ethics can play a significant role for this purpose. This approach has been widely used for teaching morality in Persian literature and history telling, such as Mathnavi. Narrative ethics can be applied by telling stories about patients’ life and their experience of illness. It can also be used to criticize and analyze the clinical situation and explore ethical challenges that healthcare providers face in their daily practice. Thus, it can help to prevent ethical conflicts by establishing interaction between ethical principles and patients’ values. This paper emphasizes the application of this method in medical ethics education and ethical decisionmaking.
UK ambulance services clinical practice guidelines 2013

he 2013 Clinical Practice Guidelines provide guidance for NHS paramedics; although the principles are applicable to the work of all prehospital clinicians. The guidelines are an important part of clinical risk management and ensure uniformity in the delivery of high quality patient care. As such, they form the basis for UK paramedic training and education.
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM MEDICINA/PEDIATRIA E SAÚDE DA CRIANÇA DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO

Learning a language is not just knowing its vocabulary, grammar and phonology. These are undoubtedly important aspects of language. On the other hand, in order to be able to communicate efficiently the learner also needs to be familiar with the pragmatic aspects of language. Bearing this in mind, we will propose an analysis of two texts (one literary and other political). We will discuss Rhetoric considering it a subarea of Pragmatics and analyze its theoretical issues and application. Afterwards we will compare it to Speech Act and Conversational Implicature theories. The aim of this research is, then, to compare both theories and check if it is possible to work with both in the same analysis as complementary tools to promote a more complete analysis of texts and speeches. With the final considerations we intend to suggest for English as Additional Language (EAL) teaching, as well as for first language teaching, strategies aspiring to promote pragmatic awareness raising skills among students, being included the rhetorical awareness. Key-words: Rhetoric. Pragmatics. Persuasion.
Protecting Encrypted Data against Inference Attacks in Outsourced Databases

Ensuring data privacy and improving query performance are two closely linked challenges for outsourced databases. Using mixed encryption methods to data attributes can reach an explicit trade-off between these two challenges. However, encryption cannot always conceal relations between attributes values. When the data tuples are accessed selectively, inferences based on comparing encrypted values could be launched and sensitive values may be disclosed. In this paper, we explore the attribute based inferences in mixed encrypted databases. We develop a method to construct private indexes on encrypted values to defend against inference while supporting efficient selective access to encrypted data. We have conducted some experiments to validate our proposed method.
Directly Fusion Method for Combining Variable Exposure Value Images

In this paper, an efficient and robust image fusion method is proposed to extract pixel intensity under the best exposure value directly from a low dynamic range of images with variable exposure values. Using this method, the HDR (high dynamic range) image can be computed and shown on the traditional display device without any prior information on a camera or scene. The proposed image fusion method is based on a mathematical model of a pixel intensity curve, established by a special robust curve fitting arithmetic criteria to evaluate the image quality of each pixel. The sufficient experimentations on various scenes indicate that the proposed method is more efficient than traditional HDRI (high dynamic range imaging) technologies and more robust when imaging noise,
Information Extraction of Security related entities and concepts from unstructured text.

Cyber Security has been a big concern especially in past one decade where it is witnessed that targets ranging from large number of internet users to government agencies are being attacked because of vulnerabilities present in the system. Even though these vulnerabilities are identified and published publicly but response has always been slow in covering up these vulnerabilities because there is no automatic mechanism to understand and process this unstructured text that is published on internet. Our system will be tackling this problem of processing unstructured text by identifying the security related terms including entities and concepts from various unstructured data sources. This information extraction task will help expediting the process of understanding and realizing the vulnerabilities and thus making systems secure at faster rate. This work will be describing a system that automatically extracts the terms from Cybersecurity blogs and security bulletins using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and text mining methods. Our NLP model is trained on manually annotated data using open-ended blogs and more structured text like company’s official security bulletins. This manually annotated data is unique of its kind since no such previous work has been done using this methodology and it can be a significant contribution for people working in this domain. Our named entity recognition model is trained on conditional random fields (CRFs) based Stanford NER. This automation system will be able to help administrators of organizations and governments to prioritize the task of beefing up their security and moreover track unofficial data sources like chat rooms and twitter for zero day attacks.
In-Between and Through: Architecture and Complexity

This paper draws on current research on complexity and design process in architecture and offers a proposal for how architects might bring complex thought to bear on the understanding of design process as a complex system, to understand architecture as a way of organizing events, and of organizing interaction. Our intention is to explore the hypothesis that the basic characteristics of complex systems – emergence, nonlinearity, self-organization, hologramaticity, and so forth – can function as effective tools for conceptualization that can usefully extend the understanding of the way architects think and act throughout the design process. To illustrate the discussions, we show how architects might bring complex thought inside a transdisciplinary design process by using models such as software engineering diagrams, and three-dimensional modeling network environments such as media to integrate, connect and ‘trans–act’.
KREATIVITI GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEFAHAMAN DAN PENGHAYATAN SEJARAH

AbstrakKreativiti merupakan tunggak yang penting pada masa kini dalam pelbagai bidang terutamanya dalam bidang pendidikan.Pemupukan kreativiti adalah penting dalam kalangan guru bagi menghasilkan pembelajaran yang efektif dan pemikiran kritis dalam menjana idea pelajar.Maka, kertas kerja ini membincangkan tentang kreativiti guru dalam meningkatkan kefahaman dan penghayatan sejarah.Dalam merentas arus pemodenan dan globalisasi, pelbagai isu dan cabaran terpaksa dihadapi oleh sistem pendidikan di Malaysia terutamanya dalam mata pelajaran sejarah.Selaras dengan pemikiran pelajar yang beranggapan mata pelajaran sejarah adalah mata pelajaran yang membosankan, maka beberapa pendekatan kreatif dibincangkan dalam kertas kerja ini dalam menarik minat pelajar untuk memahami dan menghayati sejarah yang dipelajari dengan menggunakan model pengajaran berkesan Robert E. Slavin.Kertas kerja ini juga membincangkan cadangan yang dapat dilaksanakan dalam memupuk kreativiti dalam kalangan guru dan juga pelajar. Kata kunci : Kreativiti guru, isu dan cabaran, kaedah pembelajaran kreatif cadangan.
Development of Easily Chewable and Swallowable Stir-fried Anchovy for Elderly

Failure of the functions involved in ingestion leads to, not only loss of enjoyment of eating, but also protein-energy malnutrition. Dysmasesis and difficulty of swallowing occurs in various diseases, but aging is a major cause. In the aging society, the proportion of elderly people with dysmasesis and difficulty of swallowing is expected to increase rapidly. Developing foods for the elderly that are easy to chew and swallow is thus required. This study was conducted to develop easily chewable and swallowable foods for the elderly who can crush foods and ingest with their own tongues, but occasionally have difficulty in drinking fluids such as water and tea. Various foods for the elderly with chewing and swallowing difficulties were used for sensory assessment. The sensory panel consisted of 10 dietitians (10 women) in nursing care facilities. The sensory optimal composite recipes were determined by central composite design (CCD). The sensory measurements were significantly different in saltiness (p
Multi-Channel Access Solutions for 5G New Radio

Multi-channel access is a family of multi-service radio resource management solutions that enable a user equipment to aggregate radio resources from multiple sources. The objective is multi-fold: throughput enhancement through access to a larger bandwidth tailored for enhanced mobile broadband, reliability improvement by increasing the diversity order and/or coordinated transmission/reception tailored for ultra-reliable low latency communication service classes, as well as flexibility and load balancing improvement by decoupling the downlink and the uplink access points, for both service classes. This paper presents several multi-channel access solutions for 5G New Radio multi-service scenarios. In particular, throughput enhancement and latency reduction concepts like multi-connectivity, carrier aggregation, downlink-uplink decoupled access and coordinated multi-point connectivity are discussed. Moreover, novel design solutions exploiting these concepts are proposed. Numerical evaluation of the introduced solutions indicates significant performance gains over state-of-the-art schemes; for example, our proposed component carrier selection mechanism leads to a median throughput gain of up to 100% by means of an implicit load balance. Therefore, the proposed multi-channel access solutions have the potential to be key multi-service enablers for 5G New Radio.
Evaluation of a multidisciplinary allied health prostate cancer clinic

Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer, with increasingly longer survival, and many treatment options for advanced disease. Men with prostate cancer report a high level of unmet supportive care needs. To evaluate unmet needs of a small cohort of Australian men with advanced prostate cancer, and their partners, and to assess the impact of attendance at a multidisciplinary allied health clinic on meeting these needs. Fifty patients were referred to the clinic by their treating specialists. Prior to their clinic consultations patients and partners completed study questionnaires to determine their unmet needs, prostate cancer and treatment related quality of life, levels of anxiety and depression, exercise patterns and prostate cancer-related functional status. Questionnaires were completed again 1 month post-clinic attendance, and pre-and post-clinic scores were compared. Patients reported unmet needs in several domains including psychological and sexuality needs. These showed a small reduction when assessed post-clinic. Partners also reported needs in the psychological and emotional, and information domains. Thirty-two percent of patients reported clinical levels of distress when assessed pre-clinic attendance, reduced to 8% reporting the same level of distress 1 month post-clinic. The identified high levels of unmet needs and levels of distress of this group of patients and partners highlights the necessity for additional resources to assist these men. A multidisciplinary allied health care prostate clinic as described here may further assist in the comprehensive care of these men and their partners.
Neighbourhoods and dementia in the health and social care context: a realist review of the literature and implications for UK policy development

The National Dementia Strategy in England has performed an essential role in transforming health and social care services and improving the commissioning architecture. However, to date, little attention has been paid to understanding the ways in which the outdoor and built environment impacts and intersects with the lives of people with dementia and their carers. One way of better understanding the outdoor and built environment is through a focus on the 'neighbourhood' as this is an area of public policy where attempts are being made across disciplines to unpack its meanings, significance and identity. This paper adopts a realist review method to detail the key findings and messages from the body of work that links the experience of living with dementia to the neighbourhood. Our findings from this review are assimilated and defined/presented under three headings, namely: outdoor spaces, built environment, and everyday technologies. These headings and our definitions are not discrete properties and there is some overlap in content. We found no research that sets out to enquire about how people with dementia might define their neighbourhood or that explores everyday neighbourhood practices for those living with the condition. Emerging concepts such as citizenship and, in the UK, the Coalition Government advancement of the 'Big Society', promote a vision of civic responsibilities and networked, dementia-capable communities, but evaluation of such initiatives are virtually absent from the literature. The review did uncover some interesting and innovative research methods that extend neighbourhood working, such as the 'walking interview'. In order to develop a neighbourhood model for dementia, future research should examine the relationship and interaction between the neighbourhood as a social space and as a physical space alongside the active role of people with dementia as 'place-makers'. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012.
Location Aware Keyword Query Suggestion

Keyword suggestion in web search helps users to access relevant information without having to know how to precisely express their queries. Existing keyword suggestion techniques do not consider the locations of the users and the query results; i.e., the spatial proximity of a user to the retrieved results is not taken as a factor in the recommendation. However, the relevance of search results in many applications (e.g., location-based services) is known to be correlated with their spatial proximity to the query issuer. In this paper, we design a location-aware keyword query suggestion framework. We propose a weighted keyword-document graph, which captures both the semantic relevance between keyword queries and the spatial distance between the resulting documents and the user location. The graph is browsed in a random-walk-with-restart fashion, to select the keyword queries with the highest scores as suggestions. To make our framework scalable, we propose a partition-based approach that outperforms the baseline algorithm by up to an order of magnitude. The appropriateness of our framework and the performance of the algorithms are evaluated using real data. Â
Deficiencias de micronutrimentos en México: un problema invisible de salud pública

L elevada prevalencia del sobrepeso y sus consecuencias en la salud de la población mexicana, así como los altos gastos en salud en los que la sociedad incurre como consecuencia de este grave problema, se han convertido en motivo de preocupación social. En forma paralela a la muy justificada atención que ha recibido el problema del sobrepeso y sus comorbilidades, hemos sido testigos de una disminución en el interés por los problemas de desnutrición y de deficiencias específicas en nuestra población. Sin duda, la desnutrición ha disminuido notablemente en las últimas décadas. Entre 1988 y 2006, años en los que se realizaron la primera y la última encuesta nacional probabilística de nutrición publicadas a la fecha, la prevalencia nacional de desnutrición aguda (bajo peso para talla) disminuyó en dos tercios hasta alcanzar cifras comparables con las encontradas en poblaciones bien alimentadas, y la desnutrición crónica (baja talla o estatura para la edad) disminuyó casi a la mitad (a 15.5%). Estos indudables logros, que deben celebrarse, llevaron a la conclusión de que la desnutrición, a pesar de no haber sido eliminada aún, tuvo importantes descensos y que las tendencias observadas eran un indicador de que íbamos en el camino correcto. Esta visión es en parte responsable del descenso en el posicionamiento de la desnutrición dentro de las prioridades nacionales. Sin embargo, 15.5% de niños con desnutrición crónica en 2006 significaban casi 1.6 millones de niños, lo que convirtió a México en el país con el mayor número absoluto de desnutridos en las Américas. La presentación de resultados sobre desnutrición y deficiencias en los años 2006 y 2007 incluyó la información sobre anemia, un indicador grueso sobre el estado de micronutrimentos de la población, el cual es poco específico pero tiene la ventaja de que se obtiene en el campo mediante un fotómetro portátil, y que proporciona información confiable sin necesidad de EDITORIAL
Dermatologic Aspects of Fabry Disease

Isolated angiokeratomas (AKs) are common cutaneous lesions, generally deemed unworthy of further investigation. In contrast, diffuse AKs should alert the physician to a possible diagnosis of Fabry disease (FD). Angiokeratomas often do not appear until adolescence or young adulthood. The number of lesions and the extension over the body increase progressively with time, so that generalization and mucosal involvement are frequent. Although rare, FD remains an important diagnosis to consider in patients with AKs, with or without familial history. Dermatologists must have a high index of suspicion, especially when skin features are associated with other earlier symptoms such as acroparesthesia, hypohidrosis, or heat intolerance. Once the diagnosis is established, prompt screening of family members should be performed. In all cases, a multidisciplinary team is necessary for the long-term follow-up and treatment.
National time trend changes in psychotropic medication of child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients across Finland

BACKGROUND There have been no comprehensive studies on trends in psychotropic medication use in child and adolescent inpatient settings. The aim of this nationwide study was to report changes in the psychotropic medication given to child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients across Finland and the factors associated with those changes. METHODS We asked the psychiatrist responsible for each inpatient to complete a questionnaire that included questions about the pharmacological treatment and background information. The data were collected on all inpatients on one selected study day in 2000 and 2011. Changes in the use of regular psychotropic medication were studied by comparing the data on 504 patients in 2000 and 412 patients in 2011. RESULTS The study showed that there had been a significant increase in the use of psychotropic medication from 2000 to 2011. According to the multivariate analysis, the increase in psychotropic medication was associated with the study year (in 2000 39%, in 2011 58%), but could not be explained by changes in diagnostic profiles, age distribution, suicidality, violence or the Children's Global Assessment Scale scores. The use of combined psychotropic medication increased from 9% in 2000 to 25% in 2011. The increase in the use of antipsychotics among child inpatients was particularly noteworthy, with an increase from 10% to 32%. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for evidence-based studies to clarify recommendations for indications and treatment practices when using psychotropic medication in children and adolescents. Cross-cultural studies of the use of psychotropic medication are warranted.