Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Root Contact between Maize and Alfalfa Facilitates Nitrogen Transfer and Uptake Using Techniques of Foliar 15N-Labeling

Belowground nitrogen (N) transfer from legumes to non-legumes provides an important N source for crop yield and N utilization. However, whether root contact facilitates N transfer and the extent to which N transfer contributes to crop productivity and N utilization have not been clarified. In our study, two-year rain shelter experiments were conducted to quantify the effect of root contact on N transfer in a maize/alfalfa intercropping system. N transfer occurred mainly one direction from alfalfa to maize during the growth period. Following the N0 treatment, the amount of N transfer from alfalfa to maize was 204.56 mg pot−1 with no root barrier and 165.13 mg pot−1 with a nylon net barrier, accounting for 4.72% and 4.48% of the total N accumulated in maize, respectively. Following the N1 treatment, the amount of N transfer from alfalfa to maize was 197.70 mg pot−1 with no root barrier and 139.04 mg pot−1 with a nylon net barrier, accounting for 3.64% and 2.36% of the total N accumulated in the maize, respectively. Furthermore, the amount of N transfer without no root barrier was 1.24–1.42 times higher than that with a nylon net barrier regardless of the level of N addition. Our results highlight the importance and the relevance of root contact for the enhancement of N transfer in a maize/alfalfa intercropping system.
Inconsistencies between mental fatigue measures under compensatory control theories

Abstract Mental fatigue has traditionally been defined as a condition of reduced cognitive efficiency and performance, accompanied by a subjective feeling of fatigue. Even though we could expect to find associations between the three defining characteristic of mental fatigue (performance impairment, physiological deactivation and subjective fatigue), research has shown that the emergence of inconsistencies between measures is more frequent than one might expect: people proved capable of maintaining adequate performance levels even after having declared themselves fatigued. This could be explained under the compensatory control mechanism models, which state that humans are able to provide additional resources under demanding conditions, but only at the expense of psychophysiological cost and subjective fatigue. We tested this explanation by manipulating task complexity and time performing a simulated air-traffic control task. We collected psychophysiological, performance and subjective data. A decrease in pupil size was seen in the low-aircraft-density condition, while pupil size remained constant in the high-aircraft-density condition. Participants’ task performance was optimal in both conditions, though they showed an increase in subjective feelings of fatigue, especially in the high-complexity task condition. Thus, complexity seemed to trigger compensatory mechanisms, which reallocated extra resources that physiologically activated participants in order to deal with a higher complexity task, whereas subjective fatigue could be acting as a signal to the organism of impending resource depletion. Our findings support compensatory control theories and offer an explanation of inconsistencies between fatigue measures. Further research on compensatory mechanisms is needed to enable better management of fatigue effects to prevent work-related accidents.
An Efficient Control Scheme of Grid Supported 4-Phase Switched Reluctance Motor-Driven SPWPS

In this study, an efficient and reliable grid supported solar-powered water pumping system (SPWPS) employing a 4-phase SRM (Switched Reluctance Motor) drive for uninterrupted water supply is proposed. The grid is used as a secondary source and ensures the water supply continuity irrespective of solar power availability. The power-sharing by both sources in the system, is regulated through a power factor corrected (PFC) grid side three-level boost converter. The working of a three-level boost PFC converter in continuous conduction mode (CCM), offers a reduced current rating of the inductor and switching devices. A new control logic is developed and implemented in this system in order to achieve the power quality improvement in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) and power quality indices as well as to compensate for the uneven voltage across DC link capacitors of a mid-point converter. A generalized integrator based fundamental voltage extraction algorithm is also incorporated in developed control to mitigate the DC offset and harmonic contents present in the supply voltage. The applicability of the system with developed control logic is verified by both simulation and experimental results.
Participatory approach in definition of breeding objective traits for Boholano strain of native chicken.

The research aims to define the breeding objective traits of Boholano strain of native chicken using participatory approach to be incorporated for its purification. A total of 45 households were interviewed. The questionnaire was designed to collect data covering general information on village poultry production such as socio-management characteristics, production objectives, population structure, breed choice and trait preferences, market preferences of specific traits, and farmers’ selection practices. The participatory farmers’ discussions were designed to involve stakeholders in defining the breeding objective traits and deriving their relative importance in the production environment based on the different functions of chickens and traits identified in the interviews. The results showed that production of eggs for consumption is the principal function of chickens in most towns followed by the use as source of income and meat for home consumption. Weight is the primary factor that dictates market price but farmers rated growth and number of eggs as the production traits that they would like to be improved. Therefore, the breeding objective should be to develop dual-purpose Boholano strain of native chicken considering the traits of number of eggs and live weight and possessing the distinct plumage color and comb type.
Class Assessment, Problems in Learning Physics in Senior High School

The ability to conduct classroom assessment is one of the competencies that must be possessed by the teacher. The implementation of class assessment should be able to record students' activities during the learning process. Nevertheless, The implementation of the class assessment is applied at the end of the learning process, so student learning outcomes on the learning material that have been delivered during the learning process cannot be described completely. Identification of the problems of class assessment in learning physics at senior high school was made to find the solutions in an effort to improve the quality of assessment during the process and results of learning physics. The research method was used as a descriptive qualitative. The technique of data collection was carried out using questionnaire instruments conducted in April 2019. Respondents included 71 senior high school physics teachers in the province of Lampung. The results showed that only 17.1% of teachers knew and applied the assessment during the learning process. Based on the results of the study, it can be identified that the teacher has problems in applying classroom assessments, including the lack of understanding of the teacher in applying the assessment during the learning process, lack of trained teachers in carrying out the assessment and having no assessment instruments.
Impact of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Discussions in Smart Cities: Comprehensive Assessment of Social Media Data

Discussions on “smart cities” are gaining in popularity in the past two decades and has shown potential in tackling the cities’ environmental, social, and economic challenges. Smart cities are known as a system of physical infrastructure, the information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure, and the social infrastructure that exchange information that flows between its many different subsystems. The “smart cities” concept has been introduced with various dimensions, among those, the embedded ICT infrastructure in smart cities is playing a decisive role between the functions of the system. One of the important derivatives of ICT is the new communication mediums known as social network services (SNSs), which is emergent and introduces additional functionalities to “smart cities”. This paper seeks to advance the understanding of SNSs in smart cities to evaluate the effects on the innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystem. This agenda has been tackled by a rigorous methodological approach in order to capture and evaluate the presence of entrepreneurially concerned discussions in a popular SNS intermediate (Twitter). Beyond the methodological contribution on handling big data in SNSs for gaining insights on innovation and entrepreneurial aspects in smart cities, the findings distinguished the influence of a certain category of content generators (professionals) that drive the biggest motives of the interactions in SNSs.
Adaptive changes in root morphological traits of Gramineae and Leguminosae seedlings in the ecological restoration of the semiarid region of northwest China

Gramineae and Leguminosae forages are widely grown in the semiarid region of northwest China. To understand the changes in root morphology in forage seedlings under drought stress, a nursery experiment was conducted with and without water stress using four Gramineae species (Bromus inermis, Agropyron mongolicum, Lolium perenne, and Bothriochloa ischaemum) and four Leguminosae species (Lespedeza bicolor, Medicago sativa, Astragalus adsurgens and Melilotus suaveolens). The forages were grown in rhizoboxes under drought stress (15% polyethylene glycol stress) and well‐watered (85% of field capacity) conditions. The results showed that the root length, root area, and specific root length of the Gramineae species were higher than those of the Leguminosae species at the 30–60 cm soil depth. The fine roots of eight species in the 0~0.5 mm diameter class had the largest total root length and total root area, and the total root volume and root tips in the 0.5~1.0 mm diameter class were the highest. Based on the subordinate function method results, B. inermis had the highest comprehensive score, while M. suaveolens had the lowest. Our results implied that Gramineae seedlings distributed more roots than Leguminosae seedlings in the 30–60 cm soil layer under drought stress. Under drought stress, fine roots in the 0~0.5 mm and 0.5~1.0 mm diameter classes were the main organs sustaining the growth of the eight species when suffered drought stress. Among the eight species, B. inermis had the strongest drought tolerance and could act as an optimal ecological restoration forage in the semiarid region of northwest China.
The Effectiveness of Training and Supervising Urban Elementary School Teachers in Child–Teacher Relationship Training: A Trauma-Informed Approach

This case study explored three urban elementary teachers’ experiences with Child–Teacher Relationship Training (CTRT) and the impact of CTRT on the teachers’ emotional intelligence, perception of students’ behaviors, and teacher–student stress. The three charter school teachers from the Southeastern United States received 22 weeks of CTRT curriculum and completed assessments to track changes in teacher stress, child behaviors, and teacher emotional intelligence. The teachers also engaged in debrief sessions every week. They reported a decrease in teacher–student stress; greater understanding and categorization of child behaviors; and reflection on their own level of ability to perceive, understand, and generate emotions.
Quinonoids: Therapeutic Potential for Lung Cancer Treatment

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Owing to its high incidence and mortality, the development and discovery of novel anticancer drugs is of great importance. In recent years, many breakthroughs have been achieved in the search for effective anticancer substances from natural products. Many anticancer drugs used clinically and proven to be effective are derived from natural products. Quinonoids, including naphthoquinones, phenanthrenequinones, benzoquinones, and anthraquinones, constitute a large group of natural bioactive compounds that widely exist in higher and lower plant species. Given that most of these compounds possess anticancer effects, they are applied in many cancer studies, especially in lung cancer research. They can promote apoptosis, induce autophagy, and inhibit proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell invasion and migration. Some drugs can enhance anticancer effects when combined with other drugs. Thus, quinonoids have broad application prospects in the treatment of lung cancer. Here, we summarize the previous studies on the antilung cancer activities of quinonoids together with their underlying mechanisms and analyze the common research targets with different effects so as to provide references for the discovery of quinonoids against lung cancer.
Lipoprotein Apheresis – Own Experience

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis is utilized in clinical practice with patients suffering from lipid disorders with a high and very high cardiovascular risk. One treatment allows to reduce the concentration of LDL by 55 – 80%. These treatments are recommended primarily for patients with a familial homozygous hypercholesterolemia, for whom treatments should be commenced as early as at the age of 5-8 years old. Therapy is also used for patients with a heterozygous form of hypercholesterolemia if, despite maximum doses of statins, further progress of clinically symptomatic atherosclerosis is observed. Apheresis is recommended when, despite a diet and maximum tolerable pharmacotherapy, the concentration of LDL is ≥ 300 mg/dl (7,7 mmol/l) or ≥ 200 mg/dl (5,2 mmol/l) throughout 6 months for patients with documented coronary heart disease. In recent years an indication to perform apheresis is also an isolated increase of lipoprotein (a), with values >60 mg/dl. The apheresis treatment lasts 2-3 hours and must be repeated every 1-2 weeks for the rest of the patient’s life, it is safe and not associated with dangerous complications. Below we present the current state of knowledge regarding LA with a description of own experience.
Corporate branding and value creation for initiating and managing relationships in B2B markets

Purpose This study aims to fill a gap in branding literature concerning the effect of corporate brand relationships on brand value through the case study method in a business-to-business (B2B) context. The objectives of this study can be framed in the following three questions: what are the main constituents of a corporate brand; how does a corporate brand generate tangible and intangible brand value for their business customers; and how do tangible and intangible brand benefits influence relationship initiation and management practices of the case companies? Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a qualitative multiple cases study design by using archival data and both in-depth telephone and online interviews with senior representatives of the case study companies to investigate corporate branding and associated issues in a B2B context. Findings From a managerial perspective, this study reveals that corporate business culture, brand relationships, products and corporate identity and personality as the main constituents of a corporate brand in a B2B context. The results show that a corporate brand can generate intangible and tangible brand value benefits for business customers. The findings also note the importance of brand value in enhancing relationship initiation. Originality/value The study contributes to the branding literature by developing a conceptual model that explains the development and role of the corporate brand in a B2B context with its associated value creation and brand management outcomes. The findings advance brand management literature on business relationships, which addresses a gap in B2B contexts rather than mainly about product brand management and value creation in business-to-consumer contexts.
From isolation to individualism: collegiality in the teacher identity narratives of experienced second-level teachers in the Irish context

Harnessing teacher collegiality has been advocated as a means through which to negotiate contemporary challenges to teacher professionalism. However, the dominance of discourses of competitive individualism in global educational contexts poses a challenge to collegial relationships. This paper draws on the findings of a narrative study of teacher identity in the Irish context. It points to some ambiguities and tensions within the operation of teacher collegiality in that context and highlights the profession’s cultural susceptibility to individualism. The paper argues that glossing over these vulnerabilities could hamper the development of collegial professionalism. These findings highlight the importance of bringing a culturally and contextually embedded analysis to the critique of international trends around teacher professionalism.
Combustion Dynamics of Annular Systems

ABSTRACT New results on the dynamics of annular combustors during ignition and combustion instabilities will be reviewed. Ignition dynamics is considered first by examining experiments carried out in a system comprising a plenum feeding premixed gaseous reactants through multiple swirling injectors and an annular combustor formed by two concentric transparent quartz walls allowing full optical access to the flame. The analysis focuses on the “light-round” process during which the flame spreads from one injector to the next eventually leading to established flames on each injector. The transparent lateral walls allow a full view of the flame propagation from a spark igniter located in the neighborhood of one injector. High speed imaging is used to examine flame displacement and deduce the ignition delay yielding a full light around of the annular combustor. Changes associated to operation with spray flames are then discussed. The second part of this article is concerned with combustion instabilities of annular systems coupled by azimuthal modes. This type of oscillation has received considerable attention in recent years because the underlying coupling is often observed in the advanced premixed combustion architectures used in modern gas turbines. Recent studies have allowed a detailed examination of the dynamics of annular devices comprising multiple swirling injectors. Experiments on annular systems and single sector configurations provide new insight on the coupling process between acoustics and unsteady combustion. Results for self-sustained combustion oscillations coupled by azimuthal modes are presented for operation with gaseous premixed reactants and with spray flames.
Understanding and Modeling Climate Impacts on Photosynthetic Dynamics with FLUXNET Data and Neural Networks

Global warming, which largely results from excessive carbon emission, has become an increasingly heated international issue due to its ever-detereorating trend and the profound consequences. Plants sequester a large amount of atmospheric CO 2 via photosynthesis, thus greatly mediating global warming. In this study, we aim to model the temporal dynamics of photosynthesis for two different vegetation types to further understand the controlling factors of photosynthesis machinery. We experimented with a feedforward neural network that does not utilize past histories, as well as two networks that integrate past and present information, long short-term memory and transformer. Our results showed that one single climate driver, shortwave radiation, carries the most information with respect to prediction of upcoming photosynthetic activities. We also demonstrated that photosynthesis and its interactions with climate drivers, such as temperature, precipitation, radiation, and vapor pressure deficit, has an internal system memory of about two weeks. Thus, the predictive model could be best trained with historical data over the past two weeks and could best predict temporal evolution of photosynthesis two weeks into the future.
The Persistent Ionospheric Responses Over Japan After the Impact of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake

In this study, we report the persistent impacts of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake/tsunami on the ionosphere using the ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System and FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC total electron content. Multiple unusual ionospheric phenomena, such as ionospheric irregularities, nighttime medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs), and planar traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), were observed after the emergence of tsunami‐induced concentric gravity waves. The ionospheric irregularities initially developed over the Hokkaido region following the interference of gravity waves at ~8:45 UT. Remarkably, the Perkins‐type nighttime MSTIDs accompanying the planar TIDs were discernible over Japan following the irregularities. By comparing with the tsunami model simulation and ocean buoy observations, it is determined that these planar TIDs, lasting for about 10 hr, were likely related to tsunami ocean waves reflected by seamounts, ridges, islands, and seafloor topography in the Pacific Ocean. Due to the absence of sporadic E layers, we suggest that the coupling between the tsunami‐generated gravity waves and the Perkins instability plays an essential role in initiating the equinoctial nighttime MSTIDs. The long‐lasting tsunami can continuously impact the ionosphere, affecting the nighttime ionospheric electrodynamics and making the conditions conducive for the development of midlatitude nighttime ionospheric irregularities and instabilities.
Determinants of Purchase Intention towards Social Enterprise Personal Care Brands: A Pls-Sem Approach

This research is interested in understanding, based on a modified conceptual model derived from the theory of planned behavior, what drives purchase intention of personal care products from social enterprises based on the perspective of working millennials. This study employed a correlational research design based on an electronic survey answered by 115 respondents. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used as the statistical tool to analyze patterns and relationships between latent variables. Brand credibility, communalbrand connection, and self-efficacy are positively related to purchase intention. Previous purchase indirectly influenced intention through the three antecedents. This research is limited to cross-sectional data of working millennials in the philippines and focused the scope on understanding purchase intention. This paper is novel because of the constructs used to operationalize the generic antecedents of theory of planned behavior. Instead of general questions on attitude, norms, and perceived control, the authors adopted marketing-specific constructs that provide more insight for social enterprise marketers and scholars.