Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Lactate/Albumin Ratio Predicts Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: An Observational Multicenter Study on the eICU Database

Objective The serum lactate/albumin ratio (LAR) can be used to independently predict mortality due to sepsis. However, whether the LAR predicts the outcomes of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear. This study was performed to assess the prognostic value of the LAR in critically ill AKI patients. Methods This retrospective observational study enrolled AKI patients, and all data were collected through the eICU Collaborative Research Database. Outcomes included in-hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) death. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors. Forest plots and smoothing curves were generated. A series of subgroup analyses were performed to further validate the robustness of the findings. Results A total of 4666 eligible patients were enrolled. We divided the participants into four groups according to the LAR: quartile (Q)1 (LAR < 0.46, n = 1167), Q2 (0.46 ≤ LAR < 0.79, n = 1162), Q3 (0.79 ≤ LAR < 1.49, n = 1170), and Q4 (LAR ≥ 1.49, n = 1167). The LAR, when analyzed as a continuous variable, was associated with hospital and ICU mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–1.26, P < 0.0001 for both). The risk of in-hospital and ICU mortality increased with increasing LAR Q relative to Q1. The smoothing curves revealed a continuous linear association after adjusting for all covariates. By the Kaplan–Meier analysis, patients in the higher LAR group showed significantly shorter survival time. By the receiver operating characteristic analysis, LAR was efficient in predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.717) and ICU mortality (AUC: 0.733). A positive and consistent effect of the LAR was seen in all subgroups analyses after adjusting for all covariates. Conclusion A high LAR is an independent risk factor for in-hospital and ICU mortality in critically ill patients with AKI. Further prospective studies are needed to validate these result.
Infrastructure and economic growth in Peru

This article reviews the literature analysing the importance of infrastructure for economic growth, and performs an econometric estimation to discover the relation between the two variables in the case of Peru. Different estimators are used with panel data from the 24 regions of Peru for the period 1980-2009. The econometric results confirm that public-service infrastructures (roads, electricity and telecommunications) are important in explaining temporary differences in regional output, in keeping with neoclassical exogenous growth theories. Evidence is also found of significant differences in the repercussions of the different infrastructures on per capita gdp in each region. Consequently, the policy authorities should streamline the development of projects that help to reduce the infrastructure disparities that hinder the development of Peru's regions.
Computing some role assignments of Cartesian product of graphs

In social networks, a role assignment is such that individuals play the same role, if they relate in the same way to other individuals playing counterpart roles. As a simple graph models a social network role assignment rises to the decision problem called r -Role Assignment whether it exists such an assignment of r distinct roles to the vertices of the graph. This problem is known to be NP-complete for any fixed r ≥ 2. The Cartesian product of graphs is one of the most studied operation on graphs and has numerous applications in diverse areas, such as Mathematics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Biology. In this paper, we determine the computational complexity of r -Role Assignment restricted to Cartesian product of graphs, for r = 2,3. In fact, we show that the Cartesian product of graphs is always 2-role assignable, however the problem of 3-Role Assignment is still NP-complete for this class.
Power Relation and White-Collar Crime: Case Study of Coastal Reclamation in Indonesia

This research aims to understand the power relation and white-collar crime on managing the coastal reclamation and its implication in Indonesia that is very significant at the ontological and sociological level. The problem is very interesting to be analyzed by conducting a qualitative research method based on power theory and crime theory. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation related to coastal reclamation and its implication in Indonesia. Data were analyzed by using interactive models are data reduction, data display, data verification, and supported by triangulation. The results were based on ontological and sociological levels using criminology perspective for understanding the coastal reclamation and its implication in Indonesia that are needed for providing information to stakeholders related to the regulations and sanctions. This result provides inputs for making better regulation on coastal reclamation policy in Indonesia for state agencies as public officials and practitioners.
Nutrient Metabolism Assessment of Lutein Bioavailability from Meals and a Supplement Using Simulated Digestion and Caco-2 Human Intestinal Cells 1 , 2

Lutein and zeaxanthin are selectively accumulated in the lens and macular region of the retina. It was suggested that these xanthophylls protect ocular tissues from free-radical damage that can cause cataracts and age-related macular degeneration. Insights regarding the absorption of dietary xanthophylls for delivery to ocular tissues are limited. Our primary objective was to examine factors affecting the transfer of lutein from foods to absorptive intestinal epithelial cells during digestion. Lutein and other carotenoids present in spinach purée and lutein from a commercial supplement were relatively stable during in vitro digestion. Micellarization of lutein and zeaxanthin during the small intestinal phase of digestion exceeded that of -carotene and was greater for xanthophylls in oil-based supplements than in spinach. Apical uptake of lutein from micelles by Caco-2 human intestinal cells was linear for at least 8 h, and accumulation from synthetic micelles exceeded that from micelles generated during simulated digestion. Stimulation of chylomicron synthesis resulted in the secretion of 7.6 0.1% of cellular lutein into the triglyceride-rich fraction in the basolateral chamber. These data support the use of simulated digestion and the Caco-2 cell model as effective tools for identifying factors affecting absorption of dietary carotenoids. J. Nutr. 134: 2280–2286, 2004.
A global enhancement of hydrogen cyanide in the lower stratosphere throughout 2016

In September–October 2015, El Niño‐driven weather conditions led to one of the most intense Indonesian peatland burning events in recent history. Consequently, an unprecedented amount of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) was emitted from Southeast Asia and transported into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, which was then transported by the general circulation from the tropics to polar latitudes. By early 2016, the daily mean concentrations of HCN in the lower stratosphere at all latitudes, as measured by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE‐FTS) instrument, were the largest on record for the region, on the order of 40–90% greater than the climatological mean and ~40% greater than the 2007 El Niño‐driven values. By December 2016, levels of polar HCN in the lower stratosphere were still on the order 10–20% greater than the climatological mean. These ACE‐FTS measurements are thus vital for interpreting ground‐based and nadir satellite measurements of HCN made during 2016 and could be used to help validate tropospheric‐stratospheric exchange in climate models.
The Disruption of Patient Ambulation Care Processes by COVID-19

OBJECTIVE To explore the impact of COVID-19 on care processes and ambulation outcomes. BACKGROUND COVID-19 forced hospital leaders to make systems-level changes that disrupted patient ambulation. The impact of these changes on the ambulation of hospitalized patients was unknown. The Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model was used to explore ambulation from a systems perspective. METHODS A single-case study research design was used to investigate patient ambulation in a major medical center. Data from 12 interviews with interdisciplinary leaders were analyzed. RESULTS Staff shortages and visitor restrictions were identified as the main work system barriers to ambulation. These barriers disrupted usual ambulation processes and supported the value of visitor assistance with ambulation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a systems-level perspective of missed ambulation during COVID-19, which revealed the value of ambulation assistance provided by visitors. Findings may be used to support the continued and increased involvement of family members and visitors in the process of ambulation.
Electricity blackout and power security: Survey and analysis

Electricity power systems are critical to any country’s economy and security. Blackout, the most severe form of power loss to a relatively wide area, posting tremendous societal consequences, could be resulted from different causes from failure fault at a power transmission line to an intentional attack. Therefore, it is of importance to study the behavior of power grid(a complex network) during power blackout with its failure pattern. Based on these findings, we can find the suitable plan for normal daily management/expansion, emergency response and restoration after blackout. However, there are many schools of scholars using different ways to model the Blackout phenomenon, with different conclusions. Since those researches are done over several decades, it is important to organize them in a systematic way so that it could help the future research. Also, several minmax optimization models are proposed with different scenarios to represent the impact of blackout. ( en )
Target Sentence Maxpooling Source Sentence Encoder Comparative Translation Loss Language Modeling Loss Encoder Comparative Translation Loss

The overreliance on large parallel corpora significantly limits the applicability of machine translation systems to the majority of language pairs. Back-translation has been dominantly used in previous approaches for unsupervised neural machine translation, where pseudo sentence pairs are generated to train the models with a reconstruction loss. However, the pseudo sentences are usually of low quality as translation errors accumulate during training. To avoid this fundamental issue, we propose an alternative but more effective approach, extract-edit, to extract and then edit real sentences from the target monolingual corpora. Furthermore, we introduce a comparative translation loss to evaluate the translated target sentences and thus train the unsupervised translation systems. Experiments show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms the previous state-of-the-art unsupervised machine translation systems across two benchmarks (English-French and EnglishGerman) and two low-resource language pairs (English-Romanian and English-Russian) by more than 2 (up to 3.63) BLEU points.
Influence of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Liquid Crystalline, Structural and Electrochemical Properties of (8Z)-N-(4-((Z)-(4-pentylphenylimino)methyl)benzylidene)-4-pentylbenzenamine

Organic–inorganic hybrids based on liquid crystalline symmetrical imine (8Z)-N-(4-((Z)-(4-pentylphenylimino)methyl)benzylidene)-4-pentylbenzenamine (AZJ1) with two aliphatic chains and TiO2 nanomaterials were obtained and investigated taking into account thr crystallographic form of titanium dioxide i.e., anatase versus rutile. The type of TiO2 influences the mesomorphic properties of imine AZJ1, as observed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM) techniques. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to investigate the interactions of oxygen vacancies located on the TiO2 surface with the studied AZJ1 imine together with studying the influence of temperature. Both imine:TiO2 anatase versus rutile hybrids possessed the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of about −5.39 eV (AZJ1:anatase) and −5.33 eV (AZJ1:rutile) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of about −2.24 eV. The presence of TiO2 in each hybrid did not strongly affect the redox properties of imine AZJ1. Organic devices with the configuration of ITO/TiO2/AZJ1 (or AZJ1:TiO2 anatase versus rutile)/Au were fabricated and investigated in the presence and absence of visible light irradiation with a light intensity of 93 mW/cm2. Finally, to analyze defects in the constructed organic devices we used thermal imaging and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The addition of TiO2 in both crystallographic forms has a positive influence on layer-forming properties that manifests itself as a very homogenous heat distribution for the whole sample.
ERK regulates RhoA activation and tumour cell plasticity by inhibiting GEF-H 1 1 activity 2

27 In certain Ras mutant cell lines the inhibition of ERK signalling increases RhoA 28 activity and inhibits cell motility, which was attributed to a decrease in Fra-1 29 levels. Here, we report a Fra-1 independent augmentation of RhoA signalling 30 during short-term inhibition of ERK signalling. Using mass spectrometry based 31 proteomics we identified the Rho exchange factor GEF-H1 as mediating this 32 effect. ERK binds to GEF-H1 and phosphorylates it on S959 causing inhibition 33 of GEF-H1 activity and a consequent decrease in RhoA activity. Knockdown 34 experiments and expression of a non-phosphorylatable S959A GEF-H1 mutant 35 showed that this site is crucial in regulating cell motility and invasiveness. Thus, 36 we identified GEF-H1 as a critical ERK effector that regulates motility, cell 37 morphology and invasiveness. 38
Evaluation of User Experience Information Systems Using Heuristic Evaluation (Case Study of STMIK Amik Riau Student Portal)

The academic information system is an important system to supports lecture activities. Is used by almost all elements in the university, both students, lecturers, staff and leaders. This research uses Heuristic Evaluation as an inference method to assess the components of learnability, efficiency, memorability, errors, and satisfaction. for various cases, such as designing academic and corporate websites with reference to these problems, it is necessary to evaluate the usability of STMIK Amik Riau information system. STMIK Amik Riau implements an integrated information system to support fast and real-time information management processes of STMIK Amik Riau information system includes various services such as E-KRS, E-KTM, E-EDOM, and other information. The aim is to identify problems related to the usability of the website. The data collection method in this research was carried out using questionnaire, containing a list of questions distributed via google form to respondents, its about 100 students of STMIK Amik Riau. Based on the analysis conducted using the Heuristic Evaluation method, the evaluation results of STMIK Amik Riau web portal have met the usability criteria with an average of 78.71915% where P > 60% and provides user satisfaction in accessing STMIK Amik Riau web portal. STMIK Amik Riau's web interface design is quite good. These results are based on the results of Likert scale score which states that the respondents agree.
Highlights from the first year of Odin observations

Key Odin operational and instrumental features and highlights from our sub-millimetre and millimetre wave observations of H2O, H218O, NH3, 15NH3 and O2 are presented, with some insights into accompanying Odin Letters in this AA H2O observations of Galactic Centre sources, of shock enhanced H2O towards the SNR IC443, and of the candidate infall source IRAS 16293-2422; H218O detections in Orion KL and in comet Ikeya-Zhang; sub-mm detections of NH3 in Orion KL (outflow, ambient cloud and bar) and ρ Oph, and very recently, of 15NH3 in~Orion KL. Simultaneous sensitive searches for the 119 GHz line of O2 have resulted in very low abundance limits, which are difficult to accomodate in chemical models. We also demonstrate, by means of a quantitative comparison of Orion KL H2O results, that the Odin and SWAS observational data sets are very consistently calibrated. Odin is a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes), and the Centre National d'etudes Spatiales (CNES, France). The Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) has been the prime industrial contractor, and is also responsible for the satellite operation from its Odin Mission Control Centre at SSC in Solna and its Odin Control Centre at ESRANGE near Kiruna in northern Sweden. See also the SNSB Odin web page: http://www.snsb. se/eng_odin_intro. shtml
Privatizations Spark Socialist Backlash: Evidence from East Germany’s Transformation

The fall of the Berlin Wall marks one of the largest transformations of the 20th century. At its core, the year 1990 brought two new systems to Eastern Europe: capitalism and democracy. Yet, to this day, Eastern Europeans show distinctly negative attitudes toward the Western world order, and democratic and market institutions across the region are far from perfect. What explains this unsuccessful transformation? This paper points to the rushed privatization of East European economies as one plausible driver of citizens’ discontent with capitalism and democracy. Using micro-level data from East Germany, we show that firm privatizations led to a marked resurgence of the successor of the former Socialist Unity Party as early as 1994. We argue that this effect is likely due to perceived injustice: Socialist voting thrived whenever firms were sold to Western elites, which local residents took as a sign that capitalism is not meritocratic.
Abandoning the EPP-feature in Polish dual copula clauses by redefining the predication relation

This paper questions the logic behind the presence and the working of the EPP-feature in Polish dual copula clauses (henceforth, DCCs) with the pronominal copula to, the verbal copula być ‘to be’, and two nominative 3rd person DPs, as represented in Bondaruk (2019). The criticism follows from: (i) – Chomsky’s (2000, 2001) downward Agree operation; (ii) – the view that the predicator encodes the predication relation between the pre-copular subject and the post-copular predicate; (iii) – selective multiple Agree, whereby the satisfaction of the EPP- and uφ-features is divorced. Adopting (i)–(iii), Bondaruk’s scrutiny allows either the pre- or the post-copular DP to occupy SpecTP, thereby accounting for DCCs’ agreement and configurational patterns, but, simultaneously, suffering from theoretical shortcomings it creates. We argue for a simpler satisfaction of the subject requirement which does not rely on the troublesome EPP-feature, but is motivated formally by the relation between T and the higher DP. We derive this requirement by following Zeiljstra’s (2012) upward Agree which only takes place once interpretable features c-command uninterpretable features, and Rothstein’s (2004) approach which is based on a neo-Davidsonian event semantics and which argues that be and its complement form a complex predicate, separated from the pre-copular DP both semantically and syntactically.
Offline DepthCN Optimization HG Optimization Exhaustive Search : ConvNet Training Data Augmen

This paper addresses the problem of vehicle detection using Deep Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet) and 3D-LIDAR data with application in advanced driver assistance systems and autonomous driving. A vehicle detection system based on the Hypothesis Generation (HG) and Verification (HV) paradigms is proposed. The data inputted to the system is a point cloud obtained from a 3D-LIDAR mounted on board an instrumented vehicle, which is transformed to a Dense-depth Map (DM). The proposed solution starts by removing ground points followed by point cloud segmentation. Then, segmented obstacles (object hypotheses) are projected onto the DM. Bounding boxes are fitted to the segmented objects as vehicle hypotheses (the HG step). Finally, the bounding boxes are used as inputs to a ConvNet to classify/verify the hypotheses of belonging to the category ‘vehicle’ (the HV step). In this paper, we present an evaluation of ConvNet using LIDAR-based DMs and also the impact of domain-specific data augmentation on vehicle detection performance. To train and to evaluate the proposed vehicle detection system, the KITTI Benchmark Suite was used.
An attempt to quantify the impact of changes in wetland extent on methane emissions on the seasonal and interannual time scales

Climate variability impacts CH4 wetland sources as changes in flux density per unit area and via expansion or contraction of wetland areas in response to surface hydrological processes. This paper is a first attempt to isolate the role of varying wetland area on the seasonal and interannual variability of CH4 wetland emissions over the past decade. Wetland area extent at monthly intervals was provided over the period 1993–2000 by a suite of satellite observations from multiple sensors. The regionally variable fraction of wetland area was optimized using satellite observations of flooded area as a first estimate and further adjusted to match the seasonal cycle of CH4 fluxes retrieved from a global atmospheric inversion. Wetland flux densities of CH4 were calculated by coupling the ORCHIDEE global vegetation model with a process‐based wetland CH4 emission model, calibrated by optimizing its parameters at the site level against representative CH4 flux time series. For boreal bogs north of 50°N, we found that variations in area contributed about 30% to the annual flux. For temperate and tropical wetlands, the variations in area has almost no influence on the annual CH4 emissions but contributes significantly to the seasonal behavior, accounting for 40% and 66% of the seasonal amplitude of fluxes, respectively. In contrast, the interannual variability of wetland area appears to be the dominant cause of interannual variations in regional CH4 emissions from wetlands at all latitudes (largest in the tropics), with up to 90% of annual flux anomalies explained by wetland area anomalies in some years. For example, in 1998, boreal wetlands north of 50°N contributed to approximately 80% of the positive anomaly according to our calculations. We also found that climate anomalies can lead to both increased emitting areas and decreased flux densities at the same time, with opposite effects on the total CH4 flux entering the atmosphere. With a view to forecasting the future trajectory of atmospheric methane content, our results point to the absolute necessity to be able to predict the variations in wetland extent, a hydrological problem, in order to affirm the reliability of simulations of changing methane emissions perturbed by climate.
Initio Study of the Mechanical , Thermal and Optoelectronic Properties of the Cubic CsBaF 3

and Optoelectronic Properties of the Cubic CsBaF3 M. Harmel, H. Khachai, A. Haddou, R. Khenata, G. Murtaza, B. Abbar, S. Bin Omran and M. Khalfa Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux et Instrumentations Optiques, Université Djillali Liabes Sidi Bel-Abbès, Algerie Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modélisation Mathématique de la Matière (LPQ3M), Université de Mascara, 29000 Mascara, Algerie Materials Modeling Lab, Department of Physics, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation en Sciences des Matériaux, Physics Department, Djillali Liabès University of Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000, Algeria Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia