Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR STRATIFIED TURBULENT SHEAR FLOW IN A ROTATING FRAME

Rapid distortion theory is applied to stratified homogeneous turbulence which is sheared in a rotating frame. Insight into the stabilizing and destabilizing effects of the combined stratification and frame rotation is gained by considering initial fields that are two-dimensional (but threecomponential), with the axis of independence aligned with the direction of the mean shear. For these conditions we derive solutions for the Fourier components of the flow variables, and we compute one-point statistics such as the Reynolds stresses and the structure dimensionality tensor. The results are in very good agreement with the exact numerical solution for initially three-dimensional isotropic homogeneous turbulence, especially regarding the large time behavior, and they could be a reference point for the development of turbulence models. We also study the short time behavior of the 3D initially isotropic case, and we show that it is mainly dependent on the level of stratification.
IMPLEMENTATION OF POST-FIRE DEBRIS-FLOW HAZARD ASSESSMENTS ALONG DRAINAGE NETWORKS , SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA , U .

intermountain western USA (stevens et alii, 2008; Cannon et alii, 2010). These multi-variate models estimate probabilities and volumes of debris flows using combinations of predictive variables that describe the extent and severity of fire within a drainage basin, the drainage basin morphology and soil characteristics, and storm rainfall characteristics. These models are specific to particular geographic regions and fire regimes. Some models can be used to estimate debrisflow susceptibility within the first few years following a fire (e.g. GaRtneR et alii, 2008; Cannon et alii, 2009; 2010), and some models define time-dependent factors to quantify the diminishing effect of fire on debris-flow susceptibility, allowing the model to be applied over a range of timescales following a fire (e.g., Gatwood et alii, 2000; GaRtneR et alii, 2009). The multi-variate, debris-flow susceptibility models are presently implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) by identifying specific drainage basin outlets, and then extracting the measures of the model input variables for the drainage basin areas upstream from the drainage basin outlets. These measures, along with specified design storm rainfall conditions, are then used to estimate the probability and volume of debris flow for each identified drainage basin outlet (Fig. 1). Although this approach can be used to identify debris-flow susceptibility for specific locations, it provides only a single estimate for each drainage basin, and thus does not reflect the range of debris-flow hazards that may exist upstream of the ABSTRACT Burned watersheds in Southern California steeplands can be particularly susceptible to debris flow. Rapid assessments of potential debris-flow hazards following a fire are necessary to provide timely information to the public, land managers, and emergencyresponse agencies about locations most prone to debrisflow impact. Here we present a method to implement a set of existing debris-flow susceptibility models along a drainage network using input variables that are quantified for the contributing drainage basin areas to each grid cell along a drainage network. This method accounts for the spatially variable properties within contributing drainage basin areas as debris flows travel through the drainage network. Applying the models along drainage networks, rather than to an entire drainage basin, provides hazard assessments that identify the potential impacts within the primary channels of a watershed, where destructive debris flows may both erode and deposit large volumes of material.
Circuit activity driven multilevel logic optimization for low power reliable operation

The problem of optimization of multilevel combinational logic to achieve low power dissipation as well as low area is considered wherein it is assumed that static CMOS gates are used. Given a multilevel Boolean network as a collection of functions, the system determines a new function at a time, adds it to the collection and expresses the existing functions in terms of it. In selecting the new function the effect on power dissipation as well as area are considered. The authors describe an efficient implementation of a general algorithm to compute expected number of transitions per unit time at circuit nodes. These numbers are in turn used to compute power dissipation. A prototype multilevel logic optimization system has been implemented. Results are given for a selection of benchmark examples. <<ETX>>
Effect of Marine Bacillus BC-2 on the Health-Beneficial Ingredients of Flavor Liquor

The main aroma component of Luzhou-flavor Liquor is ethyl caproate, which is combined with appropriate amount of ethyl butyrate, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate and so on. By adding the marine bacillus BC-2 (Accession number: MK811408) to substrate sludge, the bacillus complex bacterial liquid (pit Mud Functional Bacterial liquid) has been modified. The complex bacterial liquid was used in the production of Luzhou-flavor Liquor and it dramatically promoted the content of health-beneficial ingredients in the new workshop. These results demonstrated that the marine bacillus BC-2 can effectively improve the quality and health benefit of Luzhou-flavor Liquor.
STUDY OF THE PDFs OF A STABLY STRATIFIED LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION

Several studies of turbulent flows using Probability Density Functions (PDFs) have been made with observational data, such as in Mahrt and Paumier (1984), and with physical laboratory experiments. Here an attempt to compute PDFs from a high resolution Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) of a stably stratified boundary layer (SBL) is made. The GABLS (GEWEX Atmospheric Boundary Layer Studies, of the World Meteorological Organization) action intends to improve the understanding of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) and its representation in regional and large scale climate models. It has proposed a simplified non-strongly stably stratified regime to check the performance of the LES models (Beare et al, 2004). The PDFs for this case will be computed and compared to those for a LES of a zero-mean wind Convective Boundary Layer case (ZW-CBL, Nieuwstadt et al, 1993). In this case, the PDFs of the temperature and the vertical wind and their joint PDF give qualitatively similar results to those found by Deardorff and Willis (1985, DW85 from now on) for a tank experiment, and to those of Chu et al. (1996) for field measurements near the ground. The eddy structures of the SBL case will be studied through the PDFs and some further statistics will be computed and compared to ZW-CBL. The PDFs depend on the simulated eddy structures within the LES, that are strongly conditioned by the subgrid scheme, and this fact must be kept in mind during the analysis. Furthermore, the effect of a change of the LES resolution on the PDFs will be explored, as well as the issue of the ergodicity, by comparing ensemble averages to space and time averages.
THE STAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE CALI USING INTERACTIVE VIDEO

This article is presented for those instructors who may be considering development and use of computer-based instruction with interactive videodisc material in a language class.I shall outline the steps taken in each stage of the development process as I see them from hindsight. It is hoped that this explanation may equip other instructors with some preparatory knowledge on the decisions and activities involved in each stage of this prototype endeavor.
P 7 . 3 INVESTIGATION OF CONDITIONAL SGS STRESS AND CONDITIONAL SGS STRESS PRODUCTION USING SURFACE LAYER ( HATS ) DATA

Large-eddy simulation (LES) computes the large scales, or resolvable scales of a turbulent flow and models the effects of the small, or subgrid-scales (SGS). When the filter scale is in the inertial range, the energycontaining scales are well resolved and most of the turbulent stresses is contained in the resolvable scales. The effects of small scales are generally considered to be limited to extracting the right amount of energy from the resolvable scales. Thus, the LES result is to some extent insensitive to the subgrid-scale model employed. However, in large-eddy simulation of high Reynolds number turbulence boundary layers, such as the atmospheric boundary layer, the filter scale near wall region is inevitably in the energy-containing scales. This causes the near wall result to depend heavily on the SGS model. Therefore, an important question in improving SGS stress model is how the SGS stress effects the resolvable-scale velocity joint probability density function (JPDF) under these condition. Previous studies of Pope (2000) and Langford and Moser (1999) have given the necessary and sufficient conditions for LES to correctly predict all multi-point JPDF of resolvable-scale velocity as that the conditional mean of the SGS stress conditional on the entire resolvable-scale velocity field must be reproduced by the modeled SGS stress. In the present work, we study the influence of the SGS motion on the resolvable-scale statistics by analyzing the transport equation of the one-point joint probability density function (PDF) of the resolvable-scale velocity components, which can be derived following the method given by Pope (2000). The JPDF transport equation is given as
Atmospheric forcing of the southeast Bering Sea Shelf during 1995 – 99 in the context of a 40-year historical record

The atmospheric forcing of the Bering Sea over its eastern shelf is estimated using the 40-year record of daily data from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis. This data set includes estimates of the processes responsible for the atmospheric forcing, namely the surface fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent heat, and longwave and shortwave radiation, and therefore permits quantifying effects that previously could be inferred only from the large-scale nature of the flow. The forcing in 1995–1999 is described in detail using daily time series; historical context for these results is provided with seasonal averages for the years 1959–1999. The analysis for winter concentrates on aspects related to the formation and advection of sea ice. Results indicate that the presence of sea ice is strongly related to the net surface-heat fluxes as well as the cross-shelf component of the wind. The 40-year record lacks any discernible long-term trend in the winter forcing and response. There was a notably cold period in the early to middle 1970s, and a warm period from the late 1970s into the early 1980s, but conditions during the 1990s are similar to those in the late 1950s and 1960s. The analysis for the warm season focuses on the mechanisms responsible for the variability in SST warming. Much of the intraseasonal and interannual variability in this warming can be attributed to variations in the downward shortwave radiation (solar heating). The 40-year record does indicate a long-term trend toward increased solar heating, and reduced surface latent-heat fluxes (evaporative cooling). These changes have led to August SSTs in the 1990s that are roughly 11C warmer than in the 1960s. r 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Eurhopalothrix elke , a new species from Borneo , and a key to the species of the E . platisquama group ( Hymenoptera : Formicidae )

Eurhopalothrix elke sp.n. of the E. platisquama group is described from Sarawak, Borneo. A revised key is presented for the workers of this species group, together with a new record for Eurhopalothrix dubia TAYLOR, 1990 and a distri-
New picosecond laser technology for micromachining of metal and brittle materials

The benefits of micromachining with shorter pulse durations (“ultrashort” pulses) have led to their increased use in a diverse range of advanced manufacturing industries, including microelectronics, photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, flat/touch panel display, and medical devices. Picosecond lasers, in particular, are becoming increasingly well known throughout various industries because of their ability to ablate material with reduced heat affected zones (HAZ) as well as their ability to generate nonlinear absorption and thereby cleanly machine transparent materials both at and below the surface. Unfortunately, picosecond laser sources have historically been relatively inflexible, large, costly and unreliable, significantly limiting industrial adoption. In this work, we present micromachining results using Spectra-Physics’ IceFyreTM industrial picosecond laser. This laser generates high pulse energies along with TimeShiftTM ps—a versatile programmable burst mode capability—and has a wide adjustability of repetition rates in a compact package with industry-leading cost-performance. The benefits of burst mode machining of stainless steel has been studied. Also, the high energy pulses available with IceFyre are shown to effectively ablate hard brittle materials—such as glasses and ceramics–with excellent quality.
Warm Start of Mixed-Integer Programs for Model Predictive Control of Hybrid Systems

In hybrid model predictive control (MPC), a mixed-integer quadratic program (MIQP) is solved at each sampling time to compute the optimal control action. Although these optimizations are generally very demanding, in MPC, we expect consecutive problem instances to be nearly identical. This article addresses the question of how computations performed at one time step can be reused to accelerate (warm start) the solution of subsequent MIQPs. Reoptimization is not a rare practice in integer programming: for small variations of certain problem data, the branch-and-bound algorithm allows an efficient reuse of its search tree and the dual bounds of its leaf nodes. In this article, we extend these ideas to the receding-horizon settings of MPC. The warm-start algorithm we propose copes naturally with arbitrary model errors, has a negligible computational cost, and frequently enables an a priori pruning of most of the search space. Theoretical considerations and experimental evidence show that the proposed method tends to reduce the combinatorial complexity of the hybrid MPC problem to that of a one-step look-ahead optimization, greatly easing the online computation burden.
Cloud computing for large scale data analysis

An incredible “data deluge” is currently drowning the world. Data sources are everywhere, from the Web 2.0 to large scientific experiments, from social networks to sensors. This huge amount of data is a valuable asset in our information society. Data analysis is the process of inspecting data in order to extract useful information. Decision makers commonly use this information to drive their choices. The quality of the information extracted by this process greatly benefits from the availability of extensive data sets. As we enter the “Petabyte Age”, traditional approaches for data analysis begin to show their limits. “Cloud computing” is an emerging alternative technology for large scale data analysis. Data oriented cloud systems combine both storage and computing in a distributed and virtualized manner. They are built to scale to thousands of computers, and focus on fault tolerance, cost effectiveness and ease of use. This thesis aims to provide a coherent framework for research in the field of large scale data analysis on cloud computing systems. The goal of our research is threefold. I) To build a toolbox of algorithms and propose a way to evaluate and compare them. II) To design extensions to current cloud paradigms in order to support these algorithms. III) To develop methods for online analysis of large scale data. In order to reach our goal, we plan to adopt principles from database research. We postulate that many results in this field are relevant also for cloud computing systems. With our work, we expect to provide a common ground on which the database and cloud communities will be able to communicate and thrive.
Barcode Deblurring

A one-dimensional barcode is a finite series of alternating black and white stripes whose relative widths encode information. The most familiar is probably the UPC barcode used in supermarkets where laser scanners are used to decode barcode signals. Due to the distance or vibrations of the scanner when barcode is taken, the signal can be blurred and noisy. Therefore, it comes a general question: given a corrupted signal, how can we effectively reconstruct the associated barcode? Standard commercial decoding techniques are based on classic edge detectors, such as those that find local extrema of the derivative of the signal, which hopefully corresponds to edges. However, this approach is highly unstable to small changes in the signal, for example, in the presence of noise. Furthermore, if the support size of the blurring kernel is relatively large, some edges in the original barcode may not have corresponding extrema of the corrupted signal. Alternatively we consider to decode the barcode signal in an image deblurring framework. In particular, we assume that the ideal barcode signal u is a onedimensional 0 − 1 step signal and the signal f received by a scanner is a noisy, blurred version of u. We model the image formation process by
The Association between Obesity and Cognitive Function in Otherwise Healthy 1 Premenopausal Arab Women 2 3 Running title : Obesity and cognitive function in premenopausal women 4

27 Objective: To examine the association between obesity and cognitive function in otherwise healthy 28 premenopausal women. 29 Methods: A cohort of 220 women were randomly selected during a healthy lifestyle screening from 30 which 98 were included that provided complete data relevant for this study. Body composition was 31 examined by dual energy X-ray scan; cardio respiratory performance (VO2 max) was assessed by Bruce 32 treadmill test. All participants completed the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery 33 (CANTAB) to assess cognitive performance in three domains: attention, memory, and planning 34 executive function. The Reaction Time (RTI) test was used to assess motor and mental response speeds; 35 Stockings of Cambridge (SOC) test was used to assess planning executive function. For memory 36 assessment, the delayed match to sample (DMS), pattern recognition memory (PRM), and spatial span 37 (SSP) tests were used to assess forced choice recognition memory, visual pattern recognition memory, 38 and working memory capacity, respectively. 39 Results: Of the 98 women included, 36 (36.7%) were morbidly obese, 22 (22.4%) obese, 23 (23.5%) 40 overweight, and the rest belonged to normal body weight group. Performance on RTI simple and 41 complex tasks as well as SOC planning ability were not associated with body mass index(BMI). DMS 42 mean time to correct response, when stimulus is visible or immediately hidden (0ms delay), was higher 43 by 785±302 ms (milliseconds) (p=0.011) and 587±259 ms (p=0.026) in morbidly obese women 44 compared to normal weight women. Memory span length was significantly lower in overweight 45 (5.5±1.3, p=0.008) and obese women (5.6±1.6, p=0.007) compared to normal weight (6.7±0.9). Dexa 46 assessed body fat (%) showed similar associations as BMI, latency to correct response on DMS and 47 PRM was positively correlated with percentage of body fat, but not with VO2 max. 48 Conclusion: In otherwise healthy premenopausal women, obesity did not impact accuracy on cognitive 49 tasks related to attention, memory, or planning executive function but morbid obesity was associated 50 with higher latency to correct response on memory specific tasks and lower memory span length. 51 52
An iterative tomogravity algorithm for the estimation of network traffic

This paper introduces an iterative tomogravity algorithm for the estimation of a network traffic matrix based on one snapshot observation of the link loads in the network. The proposed method does not require complete observation of the total load on individual edge links or proper tuning of a penalty parameter as existing methods do. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate that the iterative tomogravity method controls the estimation error well when the link data is fully observed and produces robust results with moderate amount of missing link data.
LOW POWER APPROACH FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF HUFFMAN CODING FOR HIGH DATA COMPRESSION

In this paper a clock gated Huffman encoder and decoder circuit implementation is presented. The Huffman circuit is designed with gated clock as it optimized the power dissipation without degrading the performance. This paper aims to implementing, analyzing and comparing the various resource power using clock gating techniques to Huffman design on a 130 nm library. The technology used in this paper is gated clock circuit using different types of clock gating to get the best performance for Huffman design. Gated clock is used to control the encoder and decoder circuit. The results of design shows that using AND based clock gating technique is better than latch based clock gating. It reduces power and area more than latch based clock gating. The proposed Huffman design is implemented by using ASIC design methodologies with 130 nm technology library. The architecture of Huffman design has been created using Verilog HDL language, Quartus II 11.1 Web Edition (32-Bit). The simulation is carried out by using ModelSim-Altera10.0c (QuartusII 11.1) Starter Edition. KeywordsClock gating, Power Dissipation, Dynamic power, Low Power Techniques.
Scient a Ag icola Diversity and characterization of ramie-degumming strains

Ramie (Boehmeria nivea and Boehmeria tenacissima) is a widely used fiber crop. Traditional water retting or chemical boiling method performed in order to extract ramie fiber seriously pollute the environment and severely damage the fiber, so biological method is the general trend of the fiber-extracting industry. Some strains (687), involving 26 genera and 43 species, were collected from the three samples, which produce hydrolyzed circles in the selective culture medium in order to detect the degumming effect and to compare the enzyme activity. Among these strains, 13 of them did not produce cellulase and had a ramie decreasing weight rate above 25 %, which were regarded as efficient ramie-degumming strains named from R1 to R13. R1 to R13 belonged to Amycolata autotrobutylicun, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Bacillus subtilis, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Bacteroides finegoldii, Streptomyces lividans, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Pseudomonas brassicacearum, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis, Pectobacterium wasabiae respectively. Bacteroides sp. , Rhizobium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were firstly reported to be used in ramie-degumming. At the same time, the pectinase was the key enzyme in the ramie-degumming process.
Extraction of Hidden Opinion Based On Sentiment Analysis Using Word Alignment Model : A Review

In opinion mining, extracting opinion mining from online reviews is quite important and tedious job. Extraction of opinion target which proposes the novel approach by using partially-supervised word alignment mode (PSWAM). Firstly PSWAM is a unique scenario in sentences and estimates the relations between words for mining opinion relations. Then to increase the confidence in each candidate graph-based algorithm can be implement and for more confidence will be extracted as the opinion targets and On higher degree vertices in our graph-based algorithm, to decrease the possibility of random walk running into the unrelated region in the graph which makes penalties. To avoid parsing error during handling the informal sentences by using PSWAM in online reviews as compared with existing syntax-based method. On the other hand, to capture opinion relation more efficiently over partial supervision from partial alignment links when compare with existing syntax-based method. These results, that error can be avoided.