Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Doping of germanium nanowires grown in presence of PH3

The authors study the Au-catalyzed chemical vapor growth of germanium (Ge) nanowires in the presence of phosphine (PH3), used as a dopant precursor. The device characteristics of the ensuing nanowire field effect transistors (FETs) indicate n-type, highly doped nanowires. Using a combination of different nanowire growth sequences and their FET characteristics, the authors determine that phosphorus incorporates predominately via the conformal growth, which accompanies the acicular, nanowire growth. As such, the Ge nanowires grown in the presence of PH3 contain a phosphorus doped shell and an undoped core. The authors determine the doping level in the shell to be ≃(1−4)×1019cm−3.
An Intelligent Group Decision Evaluation Model with Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Entropy Technology for Microblog User Influence

Aiming at the shortcomings of some existing interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy entropy, this paper proposes an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy entropy, which contains not only the interval distance between membership and nonmembership but also the average hesitancy information. On this basis, the impact evaluation of microblog users is studied. Through the multilevel decomposition of user influence, the coverage of microblog, user interaction, and user activity are constructed as the first level indicators, and nine secondary indicators are selected as the comprehensive evaluation index system of microblog influence. Considering the highly dynamic and unstructured characteristics of social network data, the idea of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy is introduced to transform the evaluation of social network users’ influence into interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy multiattribute group decision-making problem. Finally, the model is applied to dynamic evaluation of Sina Weibo users’ influence to verify the effectiveness of the model.
Analysis and Optimization of Asymmetric Wireless Power Transfer in Concrete

With the rapid development of the Internet of things (IoT) technology, the application of IoT has been expanded greatly, and the disadvantages of the traditional battery power supply have become increasingly prominent. The power supply mode limits the development of the concrete structural health monitoring network. And the application of magnetic resonance coupled wireless power transfer technology can solve the problem of power supply to sensors embedded in concrete. The corrected transmission efficiency considering the concrete conductivity is proposed which establishes the relationship between the electromagnetic field and the circuit model. And the field-circuit coupled model of asymmetric wireless power transfer system in concrete is developed. The effects of radial offset and axial dislocation on the transmission efficiency at different concrete conductivity are further analyzed. The relationship between the resonant frequency and the transmission efficiency in different concrete conductivity is analyzed, and an optimization scheme is proposed to improve the transmission efficiency. Finally, the experimental setups are established, and the theoretical analysis is verified. The conclusions cannot only break through the bottleneck of the scale of the concrete structural health monitoring network but also further releases the application potential of IoT.
An Accurate Sparse Recovery Algorithm for Range-Angle Localization of Targets via Double-Pulse FDA-MIMO Radar

In this paper, a sparse recovery algorithm based on a double-pulse FDA-MIMO radar is proposed to jointly extract the angle and range estimates of targets. Firstly, the angle estimates of targets are calculated by transmitting a pulse with a zero frequency increment and employing the improved l 1 -SVD method. Subsequently, the range estimates of targets are achieved by utilizing a pulse with a nonzero frequency increment. Specifically, after obtaining the angle estimates of targets, we perform dimensionality reduction processing on the overcomplete dictionary to achieve the automatically paired range and angle in range estimation. Grid partition will bring a heavy computational burden. Therefore, we adopt an iterative grid refinement method to alleviate the above limitation on parameter estimation and propose a new iteration criterion to improve the error between real parameters and their estimates to get a trade-off between the high-precision grid and the atomic correlation. Finally, the proposed algorithm is evaluated by providing the results of the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and numerical root mean square error (RMSE).
Seedling and adult plant resistance to Pyricularia oryzae in Ethiopian rice cultivars

Abstract Two separate experiments were done for seedling and adult resistance in rice varieties against blast. Each experiment consists of 20 varieties and is evaluated under artificial inoculation with blast. The result of the study confirmed that NERICA varieties have shown low disease infection at the seedling stage whereas the varieties Chewaka and Edget have shown adult plant resistance. Severe yield reduction and highly diseased grain were obtained from Superica-1, which is highly susceptible at adult plant stage. In contrast, the maximum grain yield was obtained from the Chewaka and Edget varieties, these having a high level of adult resistance. Therefore, Chewaka and Edget are promising candidates for utilization in yield and blast resistance in rice improvement.
Defining the effective deformation of the vertebral column

Summary The Cobb angle is calculated in the coronal plane, irrespective of vertebral rotation, lordokyphosis and local wedge properties of individual verte-brae other than the end plates used for the measurement. Rigorous three-dimensional generalizations of the Cobb angle are complicated for at least two reasons. Firstly, the vertebral column is segmented, not continuous, making the choice of rigorous model ambiguous. Secondly, there exists an inherent curvature (in terms of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis) that may be considered physiologically healthy or ’normal’. When attempting to find a three-dimensional deviation measure, such normal sagittal curvature must be compensated for. In this paper we introduce a three-dimensional local deformation parameter (which we call the local effective deformation) motivated by both biomechanics and the basic theory of spatial curves, and simultaneously introduce a technical procedure to estimate the parameter from CT scans using MPR (multi-phase reconstruction) in PACS (IDS-7). A detailed description of the proposed modelling of vertebral column deformation is given, together with a stepwise procedure to estimate the three-dimensional deformation (in terms of local effective deformation). As a deformation measure it requires knowledge about the natural healthy kypholordosis. A method is described by which such knowledge may be incorporated in future work.
Genetic Characteristics of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1848) Broodstocks from Hatcheries in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract The most commonly farmed fish species in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s aquaculture are from the family Salmonidae, including brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis which is reared both for consumption and stocking purposes. A number of farmers complained about the elevated frequency of anatomical deformities in the smolts and fingerlings of brook trout, decreasing their fitness rate and causing significant financial loss. Since it has been shown that occurrence of deformities is correlated with the low genetic diversity and high inbreeding, this study aimed to assess intra- and interpopulation diversity of Salvelinus fontinalis from different freshwater fish farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina by observing variation in mitochondrial and nuclear genome. Total of 109 samples of brook trout from three hatcheries located at the Neretva River were analyzed for the mitochondrial control region and seven nuclear microsatellite loci. Both PCR-RFLP and sequencing revealed only one haplotype of the control region in all investigated trout. Overall, a low number of genotypes was evident across all the observed loci. Values of genetic diversity and polymorphic information content followed the increase in the number of alleles per locus. In general, values of inbreeding coefficient were generally very high, while the genetic diversity and observed heterozygosity had low rates. The results of our study are congruent with the findings of previous studies in which developmental deformities were concomitant with the low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression. It is, therefore, strongly advised to regularly supplement the broodstock with new, unrelated individuals, as it is of vital importance for sustaining a satisfying level of genetic diversity and preventing inbreeding depression. Additionally, maintaining good management practices regarding the fluctuation of water temperature, exposure to pollution, nutrition, etc., will further contribute to the prevention of this detrimental condition.
From ODE to Open Markov Chains, via SDE: an application to models for infections in individuals and populations

Abstract We present a methodology to connect an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model of interacting entities at the individual level, to an open Markov chain (OMC) model of a population of such individuals, via a stochastic differential equation (SDE) intermediate model. The ODE model here presented is formulated as a dynamic change between two regimes; one regime is of mean reverting type and the other is of inverse logistic type. For the general purpose of defining an OMC model for a population of individuals, we associate an Ito processes, in the form of SDE to ODE system of equations, by means of the addition of Gaussian noise terms which may be thought to model non essential characteristics of the phenomena with small and undifferentiated influences. The next step consists on discretizing the SDE and using the discretized trajectories computed by simulation to define transitions of a finite valued Markov chain; for that, the state space of the Ito processes is partitioned according to some rule. For the example proposed for illustration, the state space of the ODE system referred – corresponding to a model of a viral infection – is partitioned into six infection classes determined by some of the critical points of the ODE system; we detail the evolution of some infected population in these infection classes.
Genetic variation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using seed protein markers

Abstract The genetic diversity of common bean accessions were assessed using seed storage protein markers. At regional level, accessions from the two major growing regions showed the highest level of gene diversity (H = 0.322, I = 0.485, and H = 0.312, I = 0.473), which can be exploited for the future improvement of the crop. Based on phaseolin, the major storage protein in common bean, the majority of the accessions (86%) were grouped under Mesoamerican gene pool. Seed proteins were also used to differentiate various Phaseolus species, indicating the usefulness of seed storage proteins in species identification in this genus.
Serum Biomarkers Associated with Malnutrition and Nutritional Risk in Elderly Primary Care Patients: A Cross-sectional Study from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to determine the ability of ferritin, haemoglobin, albumin and total cholesterol to identify nutritional risk and malnutrition among elderly primary care patients. Methods The cross-sectional study included 446 elderly adults over 65 years of age from four areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition to anthropometric, functional, cognitive and biochemical indicators, nutritional status was evaluated using 24-hour recall of meals, the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition, Version II (SCREEN II). Results Malnourished/at-risk study respondents had lower mean levels of haemoglobin (P=0.001) and total cholesterol (P<0.001), compared to those with normal nutritional status. Albumin levels significantly differed regarding nutritional status (P=0.004), but not nutritional risk level (P=0.521). Significant differences in serum ferritin levels were not found between malnourished and normally nourished study respondents (P=0.779) Determinants of albumin level were eating more than three meals a day (P<0.001), fewer than two portions of fruit and vegetables a day (P=0.024), drinking one glass of wine (P<0.001) and reporting functional independence (P=0.011). The AUC curves for serum ferritin, albumin and total cholesterol levels in men and women, as well as for haemoglobin levels in women, were poor to fair (AUC<0.800). Conclusion Although ferritin, haemoglobin, albumin and total cholesterol may be useful biomarkers of nutritional status, their accuracy in diagnosing malnutrition and nutritional risk among elderly primary health care patients is limited.
Numerical Investigation of the Hydrodynamic Performance of the Propeller Behind the Ship with and Without Wed

Abstract The presented paper numerically carries out the investigation of the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller behind the ship with and without wake equalizing duct (WED). It is mounted in front of the propeller in order to equalize the ship’s wake flow and improve the propeller performance. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis software STAR-CCM solver was adopted to simulate the KP505 propeller behind the KRISO container ship (KCS) using overlapping grid technology and user-defined functions. To obtain the effect of a –duct on propeller performance, the ship bare hull case, the with-propeller case, and the with-propeller-and-duct case are also computed. Together, these computations provide for a –complete CFD comparison of the duct effects. Also, the Taguchi design of the experiment method is applied to investigate three parameters (angle of attack, trailing edge radius, and chord length) of the duct. Finally, the main dimensions are obtained, and the thrust and torque coefficients are presented and discussed for one blade and whole blades during one cycle. Based on the numerical results, it is indicated that good design increases efficiency by 1.67%, and a –bad design may reduce efficiency by 3.25%. Also, the effect of the WED caused to decrease the pressure pulse by 35.9% in the face side of the propeller blade.
Attributes of Eurasian Green Woodpecker (Picus viridis) nest cavities in Hungary

Abstract Thirty-three nest cavities of Green Woodpeckers (Picus viridis) in Hungary were documented over a period of 15 years (2006–2020). Thirteen different tree species were used. All documented cavities were in the main trunks of trees. The mean cavity height was 5.6 m and 1.5 m standard deviation and ranged from 2 to 9 m. Tree trunk diameters ranged between 36–55 cm with a mean of 43.1 cm and 4.2 cm standard deviation. A southerly orientation of cavity entrances prevailed with a mean direction of 187° clockwise from north. The results suggest that cavity-entrance orientation was non-random.
Long-Term Impact of Closing Rural Schools on Local Social Capital: A Multiple-Case Study from Poland

Abstract In many European countries, for both demographic and financial reasons, small schools are being closed. A rural school is one of the few public places which enables formal and informal meetings of community residents. When it is closed, social activity changes. This paper presents a multiple-case study of four Polish villages which in the year 2000 organized protests against school closures; two schools were saved and two were closed. Semi-structured interviews with local leaders and office workers were conducted in 2004 and 2016. The study shows that the decline of structural social capital was significantly smaller in those villages where the school was saved. In the village in which the building of the school did not serve the local population due to the decision of the authorities, a significant and long-term decline in both structural and cognitive social capital was observed. That means that local authorities may contribute to the degradation of the local social capital.
Assessment of Urban Resilience to Natural Disasters with a System Dynamics Tool: Case Study of Latvian Municipality

Abstract Research focuses on linking climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction strategies. The aim of the research is to test an urban resilience assessment tool through a local case study. The tool is based on integrating two methods. Multi-criteria analysis and system dynamics model is used to create a dynamic Urban Resilience Index. For the case study a local medium sized town is chosen in Latvia that is subject to flood risk. The results of the model simulation show that the model is suitable for both short term and long term resilience assessment. Future studies must focus on the precision of such a tool, which in this study could not be evaluated. Overall, the tool presented can contribute to offsetting the existing knowledge gaps between climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction for better policy planning and strengthening urban resilience on the local level.
Correction* Exponentiated quasi power Lindley power series distribution with applications in medical science

Abstract The present paper introduces an advanced five parameter lifetime model which is obtained by compounding exponentiated quasi power Lindley distribution with power series family of distributions. The EQPLPS family of distributions contains several lifetime sub-classes such as quasi power Lindley power series, power Lindley power series, quasi Lindley power series and Lindley power series. The proposed distribution exhibits decreasing, increasing and bathtub shaped hazard rate functions depending on its parameters. It is more flexible as it can generate new lifetime distributions as well as some existing distributions. Various statistical properties including closed form expressions for density function, cumulative function, limiting behaviour, moment generating function and moments of order statistics are brought forefront. The capability of the quantile measures in terms of Lambert W function is also discussed. Ultimately, the potentiality and the flexibility of the new class of distributions has been demonstrated by taking three real life data sets by comparing its sub-models.
Testing the Effectiveness of Outlier Detecting Methods in Property Classification

Abstract The introduction of the property value tax in Poland may lead to an increase in the tax burden on real estate. Pilot studies may be carried out on samples and the results should feature a high degree of certainty as to the extrapolation of the results on populations (e.g. entire municipalities). Each study may, for various reasons, include outliers in the analyzed data sets. If their presence results from measurement errors or other reasons that cause such observations not to be the result of naturally occurring processes, they should be omitted in the calculations, because they interfere with the study of the occurring regularities. The study presents the results of statistical modelling carried out to determine whether individual objects (land properties), due to their attributes, are at risk of increasing the tax burden as a result of the introduction of ad valorem tax. First, logistic regression model estimation was carried out for the entire set of analyzed properties. Next, several methods of outlier detection were applied, and model estimation was repeated without the observations, i.e. real estates, pointed out as abnormal. The objective of the study is to verify the usefulness of outlier detecting methods in the context of improving the classification results of the analyzed properties.
From the Self to the Other and Back Again: Intersubjectivity as a Perpetual Motion Around the Self

Summary In the methodology of science, intersubjectivity is usually associated with replicability of experimental results. A related, judicial conception of objectivity as impartiality has it that a theory or judgment is objective if it covers all the relevant angles of the object or phenomenon in question, ensuring that the latter is not ephemeral and the concepts referring to them are valid. Based on the assumption that in the social sciences, the researcher is also a participant, an alternative view was conceived, according to the notion that intersubjectivity rests on either sharing of a lifeworld and its associated practices or on empathy, or on some form of direct social cognition. My aim in this paper is to bring some elements of the Gestalt theory – and more specifically, Rudolf Arnheim’s (1988) adapted model of field dynamics – to bear on the problematic of intersubjectivity. The proposed model suggests that intersubjectivity is a dynamic phenomenon, best described as a product of two vectors: a vector describing a movement across the circumference combined with a vector describing the movement from the center to the circumference. While the first vector corresponds to impartiality, the second represents the tension between cognitive distancing and direct experience. Overall, it is argued that intersubjectivity cannot be divorced from either subjectivity or objectivity and it amounts to skillful navigation within different frames of reference.
Counting Stirling permutations by number of pushes

Abstract Let 𝒯(k)n denote the set of k-Stirling permutations having n distinct letters. Here, we consider the number of steps required (i.e., pushes) to rearrange the letters of a member of 𝒯(k)n so that they occur in non-decreasing order. We find recurrences for the joint distribution on 𝒯(k)n for the statistics recording the number of levels (i.e., occurrences of equal adjacent letters) and pushes. When k = 2, an explicit formula for the ordinary generating function of this distribution is also found. In order to do so, we determine the LU-decomposition of a certain infinite matrix having polynomial entries which enables one to compute explicitly the inverse matrix.
The Effectiveness of Infiltration against Roof Insulation aimed at Low Income Housing Retrofits for Different Climate Zones in Jordan

Abstract Building energy demand for heating and cooling has a complicated relationship with different environmental conditions surrounding the building sector. Many projects aiming to improve thermal performance in existing buildings in Jordan suggest that roof insulation will improve thermal performance. In this study we try to prove that minimizing building infiltration is more effective and provides a lower cost solution in low-income houses in Jordan. This work introduces a comparative analysis of the infiltration rate and insulation techniques applied to standalone low-income houses in Jordan to identify the energy efficiency of those techniques for different climate zones in the country. A building simulation presenting the common building configuration used in was developed to test the effectiveness of various insulation scenarios (Roof, Wall, Roof and wall together) and infiltration rate scenarios. The results show that in different climates the reduction of infiltration to half (0.75 air changes per hour (ACH)) shows a similar potential to reduce energy demand as 10 or 12.5 cm roof or wall insulation. Also, the reduction of infiltration rate to a low level (0.25 ACH) can decrease energy demand more effectively than 12.5 cm insulation in the roof or walls.