Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring Environmental Values and Identity

Abstract Scholars who study environmental problems across the social sciences often require a measure of the lens through which people filter information. Many scales have been created to serve in this analytical role, including the New Ecological Paradigm, the Connectedness to Nature Scale, environmentalist identity and environmental movement identity, and the cultural cognition scales. To our knowledge, no study compares them in a single sample. We used a national Internet sample to examine the measures’ predictive powers in explaining a range of environmental behaviors. Connectedness to Nature and environmentalist identity were the strongest predictors of pro-environmental behavior in our sample, and our findings also suggested a difference in private versus public behaviors. Environmentalist identity was slightly stronger than the Connectedness to Nature in predicting public behaviors, while Connectedness to Nature was the strongest predictor of private behaviors. The New Ecological Paradigm and the cultural cognition scales were weaker predictors.
Automatic Tooth Color Tester Device

Teeth have a very meaningful function for humans which is to help chew, cut food. Therefore the teeth must be treated properly. Although treatment has been done but there are still changes in tooth color. This device can reduce human error from medical officers who conduct examinations. Besides these things, this device is also very useful for determining the colors of teeth in accordance with existing parameters. In this module the average percentage of errors in the color of white teeth is + 2.32%, the color of yellow teeth is + 2.53%, while the color of brown teeth is + 2.34%, and the Ua value of the measurement results is 0.01 while the U95 value is 0.04. From the results of voltage measurements on the colors of yellow and brown teeth there is the same voltage, this is due to differences in the thin color of the teeth, the measurement position of the reading and selection of sensors and the light source used.
1,2-Dihydroquinolines: preparation and isolation as intermediates in the synthesis of quinolines

2,6-Dimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline has been isolated as an intermediate in the Doebner-Miller synthesis of 2,6-dimethylquinoline. Dihydroquinolines may be efficiently prepared by the acid catalysed elimination of water from a 4-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline. The analogous 4-phenylamino derivatives also undergo facile elimination of the benzylic amino group under similar conditions.
Semiclassical Monte Carlo methods

The problem of constructing quantum–mechanical corrections to classical equilibrium statistical–mechanical results is considered. These corrections (excluding interchange symmetry effects) can be computed within a classical framework if a temperature‐dependent effective potential is utilized. Two approaches to the construction of this potential are investigated. The first of these is a modification of an earlier procedure by Feynman. This method is similar in spirit to the empirical Pitzer–Gwinn approximation, and in fact is utilized to derive this earlier result. The second approach involves a general Monte Carlo prescription both for the construction of the effective potential and for obtaining the ratio of the quantum and classical–mechanical partition functions.
The Impact of Anti-Money Politics Movement at Murtigading Village in 2019 Concurrent Elections

The Indonesian elections still face money politic practices as one of the electoral issues. This political transactional transforms into a new typical behavior and even becomes a culture for Indonesian citizen in every election. This lousy culture currently became the significant factor in gaining a victory for candidates, such as for 2019 concurrent election. Money politic practices are not only harmful to electoral integrity but also has a long-term impact on a new behavior to produce corruptors. This study seeks to examine the evaluation and impact of Anti-Money Politic Village movement in Murtigading Village, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta for 2019 concurrent election. This study used a quantitative method. The primary source for this study was obtained from survey techniques. This study leads to the three main conclusions such as: first, Murtigading community considers money politics as a form of bribery action and potentially harmful for democracy value. Second, Murtigading community considers that movement can decrease the practice of money politics in Murtigading village. Third, Murtigading community fully supports the existence of that movement and support to establish the legal regulations in local village government to create more political education among the community quickly
Requirements contributing to the design of devices used in correcting electron lenses

The voltage requirements for a modification of the spherical correction system of Seeliger(2) are given. The potential changes introduced by unintentional asymmetries of non-rotationallysymmetrical elements are calculated and an expression is given for the resulting aberrations. It is shown that some of these can be removed by the Stigmator of Rang,(4) but that others remain which would necessitate positioning to 1 μ in order to attain a resolution improvement of three times. With the addition of certain other elements, tolerances could be raised to 10 μ for a resolution improvement of ten times. In the course of the work, the mechanism of Seelinger's system and its suggested modification are compared with another system proposed by Burfoot. (5)
X-ray structure determination of pseudomerohedrally twinned CoGe1.5S1.5 and CoGe1.5Se1.5, absorption correction

The crystal structures of the mixed skutterudites CoGe 1.5 S 1.5 and CoGe 1.5 Se 1.5 were determined by X-ray diffraction of powder samples and pseudomerohedral multiple twins (space group R3, No. 146, Z = 24, CoGe 1.5 S 1.5 : a = 1133.63(10)pm, c = 1391.76(9) pm, R(F) = 2.2%, 4288 unique reflections; CoGe 1.5 Se 1.5 : a = 1173.00(8) pm, c = 1441.1(3) pm, R(F)= 2.8%, 828 unique reflections). The triple pseudomerohedral twins are connected by three twofold rotation axes, which are linked by a threefold rotation axis. An absorption correction was performed by an intensity and volume ratio weighted empirical method. The intensity data for CoGe 1.5 Se 1.5 were collected in two different azimuth and θ positions in order to minimise the absorption effects. The structures obtained are compared with those of binary skutterudites with respect to symmetry relations of the space groups and bonding of the rhombic Ge 2 X 2 units (X = S, Se), which partly reveal antiaromatic 4π electron behavior.
High-reliability passivation of hydrogen-terminated diamond surface by atomic layer deposition of Al2O3

Although the two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) of a hydrogen-terminated diamond surface provides a unique p-type conducting layer for high-performance transistors, the conductivity is highly sensitive to its environment. Therefore, the surface must be passivated to preserve the 2DHG, especially at high temperature. We passivated the surface at high temperature (450 °C) without the loss of C-H surface bonds by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and investigated the thermal reliability of the Al2O3 film. As a result, C-H bonds were preserved, and the hole accumulation effect appeared after the Al2O3 deposition by ALD with H2O as an oxidant. The sheet resistivity and hole density were almost constant between room temperature and 500 °C by the passivation with thick Al2O3 film thicker than 38 nm deposited by ALD at 450 °C. After the annealing at 550 °C in air The sheet resistivity and hole density were preserved. These results indicate the possibility of high-temperature application of the C-H surface diamond device in air. In the case of lower deposition temperatures, the sheet resistivity increased after air annealing, suggesting an insufficient protection capability of these films. Given the result of sheet resistivity after annealing, the increase in the sheet resistivity of these samples was not greatly significant. However, bubble like patterns were observed in the Al2O3 films formed from 200 to 400 °C by air annealing at 550 °C for 1 h. On the other hand, the patterns were no longer observed at 450 °C deposition. Thus, this 450 °C deposition is the sole solution to enabling power device application, which requires high reliability at high temperatures.
The interpretation of real-space information from small-angle scattering experiments

The distance distribution function contains all the accessible information about the scattering medium. It is possible to determine the following particle parameters from this function: maximum dimension of the particle, radius of gyration, and zero-angle intensity (molecular weight). The shape of the distance distribution function enables one to distinguish and to recognize directly and rationally the following types of particles: compact globular particles; particles elongated in one dimension, with constant and with variable cross-section; spherical vesicles. The thickness of flat particles as well as the inner and outer diameter of spherical vesicles can be determined from the distance distribution function. Inhomogeneous particles with at least two regions of electron densities differing in their signs show typical features in the distance distribution. These characteristics can be found without further assumptions, independently of the shape of the particle. For concentric shells with different electron densities it is possible to obtain some general information about their structure. Residual concentration effects cannot be overlooked in real space. The formation of dimers can be analyzed with the aid of the distance distribution function.
Welfare Analysis Meets Causal Inference

We describe a frame work for empirical welfare analysis that uses the causal estimates of a policy’s impact on net government spending. This framework provides guidance for which causal effects are (and are not) needed for empirical welfare analysis of public policies. The key ingredient is the construction of each policy’s marginal value of public funds (MVPF). The MVPF is the ratio of beneficiaries’ willingness to pay for the policy to the net cost to the government. We discuss how the MVPF relates to “traditional” welfare analysis tools such as the marginal excess burden and marginal cost of public funds. We show how the MVPF can be used in practice by applying it to several canonical empirical applications from public finance, labor, development, trade, and industrial organization.
Analysis and Antioxidant Capacity of Anthocyanin Pigments. Part III: An Introduction to Sample Preparation and Extraction

Anthocyanins are one of the many compound classes that belong to the polyphenolic flavonoid group. This group species of secondary metabolites are synthesized in almost all higher order plants, conferring the bright red, blue, and purple colors to berries and fruits. They have recently been the focus of significant beneficial health claims due to their antioxidant capacity. The interest of both consumers and academics in understanding the medicinal, therapeutical, and nutritional value provided by these naturally occurring phytochemical compounds is increasing. The development of analytical techniques to determine the identity and quantities of anthocyanins in natural products, as well as their effects in vivo and in vitro, is challenging. There is a need for extensive collection of information on the composition of natural colors and their recovery methods as a consequence of the increased demand for natural colors by industries. Numerous procedures have been used over the years for the sample treatment of phytochemicals. In this review special attention is paid to topics concerning with sampling and sample preparation methods, with the focus on anthocyanins; useful information is collected in tabular form.
Exploring the Effect of Study Abroad on Student Proactive Learning

The aim of this paper to examine how student proactive questioning, which relates to their proactive learning, is influenced by their study abroad experience. Proactive learning is one of the important educational issues in Japan. The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) shifted the aim of the education from knowledge acquisition to fostering the abilities to learn proactively (MEXT 1996). The concept of proactive learning was also found in Key Competencies (OECD 2005, Rychen, Salganik 2001), the Basic Social Skills (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry 2006), and the Graduate Competencies (Central Council for Education 2008). As for proactive learning, students continuously learn through their own experiences and collaborations with other people. These learning experiences are not uniform nor limited by their own school experiences and the societies/ cultures in which they belong. To study about student proactive learning, it is necessary to consider not only their recent learning experiences and personal characteristics, but also how the students have experienced in and outside of the classroom throughout their academic life. To study the correlation between proactive learning and student experiences, this study focuses on student proactive questioning behavior in class and study abroad experiences. Muto et al. (1980) point out that asking questions is an important learning activity in which learners proactively engage with others and then acquire knowledge. However, one of the main dilemmas in education in Japan for many years is the issue that Japanese students don’t ask questions proactively in class even though proactive learning has been promoted from elementary school through college (Mutoh 2019). On the other hand, the number of students who studied abroad in college has been increasing year-on-year over the past years (Figure 1). In 2017, there were 105,301 Japanese college students who studied abroad, which is 2.9 times more than in 2009 (36,302 students). If this trend of studying abroad continues to grow at the same rate, it will mean significant number of students in Japan will have study abroad experience. Regarding the classes abroad, Kariya (2012) mentioned that students ask questions actively in US college classes. If Japanese students experience such classes abroad where it is more common for students to ask questions proactively, these experiences may influence these study abroad Japanese Exploring the Effect of Study Abroad on Student Proactive Learning
Modified acid treated bentonites as catalysts in selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by ammonia (SCR-NH3)

Modified acid treated bentonites have been studied as catalysts for the removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from power plants off-gases in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia (SCR-NH3). The main steps of this work have been the preparation of samples, characterization of samples (by XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis and TG) and the application of obtained catalysts in SCR-NH3. Clays and clay minerals are recognized as the materials of the 21st century for being abundant, inexpensive and environmentally friendly; therefore, they appear to be good candidates for their application in SCR to overcome the limits of commercial catalysts. Modified bentonites have been here investigated: acid treatment and pillaring resulted to be the best methods of modification of these clays. The first step for the preparation of an acid-saturated clay is its pre-saturation with Na+; for this reason, pure bentonite is treated with a solution of NaCl. All the samples pre-treated with this solution presented higher catalytic activities in the removal of NOx. Acid treatments have been conducted with different concentrations of acid solutions (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1M) to investigate the different attacks to the layered structure of clays. Treatments with HNO3, HCl and oxalic acid give good results. On the other hand, pillaring allows the creation of an additional porous structure and increases the specific surface area with the introduction of inorganic polymer hydroxycations, whose sizes are bigger than the original exchangeable cations. In addition to aluminum, also cobalt has been introduced as a pillaring agent. The addition of different fractions of another cation for pillaring improves the thermal, adsorptive and catalytic properties of the catalyst. As catalytically active metals, iron and cerium were added with incipient wetness impregnation to improve the removal of NOx. NaB0.6HNO3AlFeCe presents the highest catalytic performance among all the samples examined (93% of NO conversion). This work demonstrated that, with different modifications, pure bentonite and Na-Bentonite, which don’t present any catalytic activity (7% of NO removal as the maximum value), can be transformed into a good catalyst for the removal of NOx, reaching NO conversions above 90%.
THE VIOLATION OF THE POLITENESS PRINCIPLE MAXIMS IN 300 MOVIE SUBTITLE

This research focused on the violation of politeness maxims done by the characters in 300 movie. The violation has other meaning that mean different from the actual and expressed meaning. The objective of this research is to reveal the implied meaning that was uttered by the characters in 300 movie. Several theories are provided to help the researcher in revealing the related issue. The theories are pragmatics, politeness, politeness principle, and language and context. The type of this research is qualitative research because the data are in the form of sentences in a subtitle of 300 movie. The source of the data is taken from a website of icinema3satu.com and subscene.com. There are several steps to in processing the data in this research, first Classify all the utterances into each maxim using Leech’s politeness principle maxim approach (1983) to categorize the type of the principle maxim, and then Applying the language and context to find the reason and implied meaning of the violating maxims using Brown and Yule’s theory (1983). The researcher tries to analyze the data and find the types of maxims in 21 utterances uttered by 11 characters of 300 movie in using politeness principle theory
Monte Carlo calculation of phase equilibria for a bead-spring polymeric model

Vapor-liquid phase diagrams for a bead-spring polymeric model have been calculated for chain lengths of 20, 50, and 100 from Monte Carlo simulations using the recently proposed chain increment method to determine the chain chemical potentials. Densities of both phases at coexistence and vapor pressures were obtained directly for a range of temperatures from highly subcritical to the vicinity of the critical point, and the critical temperature and density for each chain length were obtained by extrapolation. They also calculated the second virial coefficients for chain-chain interactions of the model and found that the temperature at which the second virial coefficients for chain-chain interactions of the model and found that the temperature at which the second virial coefficient vanishes for long chains coincides, within computational uncertainty, with the infinite chain length critical point from the phase equilibrium results. At the critical points of the finite length chains the second virial coefficient assume negative values, indicating attractive interchain interactions. The radius of gyration of chains of varying length was also determined and the [theta] temperature obtained from the radii of gyration found to coincide, within computational uncertainty, with the critical point for an infinite chain length polymer. The computational methodology theymore » utilize can be extended to the calculation of phase equilibria in multicomponent polymer/solvent systems. « less
Linear scaling computation of the Fock matrix. II. Rigorous bounds on exchange integrals and incremental Fock build

A new linear scaling method for computation of the Cartesian Gaussian-based Hartree-Fock exchange matrix is described, which employs a method numerically equivalent to standard direct SCF, and which does not enforce locality of the density matrix. With a previously described method for computing the Coulomb matrix [J. Chem. Phys. 106, 5526 (1997)], linear scaling incremental Fock builds are demonstrated for the first time. Microhartree accuracy and linear scaling are achieved for restricted Hartree-Fock calculations on sequences of water clusters and polyglycine α-helices with the 3-21G and 6-31G basis sets. Eightfold speedups are found relative to our previous method. For systems with a small ionization potential, such as graphitic sheets, the method naturally reverts to the expected quadratic behavior. Also, benchmark 3-21G calculations attaining microhartree accuracy are reported for the P53 tetramerization monomer involving 698 atoms and 3836 basis functions.
Evaluation of Breast Lumps by Ultrasound and Correlation with Histological Findings

Background: A breast lump is the most common symptom associated with both benign and malignant breast diseases. Therefore, a distinction of benign from malignant lump is of importance for proper management. Though a definitive diagnosis is possible with imaging for all the lesions, histopathological study is proven essential for confirming the diagnosis. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of USG and histopathological findings of different breast lump in diagnosis and their comparison. Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of one year from January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 116 patients were included in this study. All breast lumps underwent surgery and the ultrasound findings of these lumps were compared with the histopathological findings. Data were collected from these patients by a preformed questionnaire and finally the data were analyzed. Results: Out of 116 patients only 21 cases were reported as malignant in ultrasound report but histopathology revealed 31 malignant patients. On histopathological examination 10 benign cases turned out to be malignant. Conclusion: The present study was undertaken to evaluate in diagnosing breast mass lesions individually by ultrasound and compared with histopathology for definitive management of a patient.
Okra extracts as emulsifiers for acidic emulsions

Pectins are widely utilized in the food industry for their gelling, stabilizing and thickening properties. High emulsification capacity is usually attributed to proteins, whereas polysaccharides typically demonstrate negligible surface activity at the o/w interface due to their hydrophilic character; they are therefore not so useful as emulsifying agents. Similarly to most polysaccharides, pectins are not normally considered as emulsifying agents. Okra pectins are found to be acidic, random coil polysaccharides composed of galactose, rhamnose and galacturonic acid. The pectins differ greatly from those extracted from apple, citrus and beet in terms of protein and acetyl contents, indicating their greater hydrophobicity and therefore substantial surface activity at the o/w interface, suggesting that pectin extracts derived from okra can be used as an effective emulsifying agent. The aims of present work were to obtain okra extracts rich in pectins using different extraction protocols and determine their emulsifying capacity in model o/w emulsions under acidic conditions.
Dielectric loss function of Si and SiO2 from quantitative analysis of REELS spectra

A recently proposed model for quantitative analysis of reflection electron energy-loss spectra (REELS) has been applied to evaluate the dielectric loss function of Si and SiO 2 in the 4-100 eV energy range, and to determine inelastic scattering properties for these materials for low-energy electrons (500-10 000 eV). Appropriate trial energy-loss functions (i.e Im{1/e}) are used and the best loss function is found from the criterion that a satisfactory quantitative agreement is obtained between the simulated and experimental inelastic scattering cross-sections at several primary electron energies. The fact that the energy-loss functions determined in this work agree remarkably well with optical data gives some confidence in the applied procedure