Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Evaluation of Q-parameterization Controllers to a Magnetic Bearing with Imbalance

This paper utilizes the method of Q-parameterization control to design a controller which solves the problem of imbalance in magnetic bearing systems. There are two methods to solve this problem using feedback control. The first method is to compensate for the imbalance forces by generating opposing forces on the bearing surface (imbalance compensation). The second method is to make the rotor rotate around its axis of inertia (automatic balancing);in this case no imbalance forces will be generated. The free parameter of the Q-parameterization controller is chosen such that these goals are achieved. After the introduction of a mathematical model of the magnetic bearing system, we explain the Q-parameterization controller design of the magnetic bearing system with emphasis on the rejection of sinusoidal disturbance for imbalance compensation design and the rejection of sinusoidal sensor noise for automatic balancing design. The design objectives are formulated as a linear equations in the controller free parameter Q. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented and showed the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
Recent progress in noise reduction and scatter correction in dual-energy imaging

We report on several new techniques which we are developing for scatter correction and noise suppression in single-shot dual-energy chest radiography. For scatter, we use a deconvolution technique to correct for the scatter produced within the dual-energy cassette, which can result in scatter fractions as high as 30% in the high-energy image. For patient scatter, we have developed a technique which estimates the scatter by viewing each pixel in the image as a scattering source, and summing up its scatter contribution over all pixels. For scatter suppression, we describe the methods of noise clipping and noise forcing, both which use information from the low- and high-energy images to correct pixel values in the high-energy image which are unphysical. The noise clipping can also be combined with the correlated noise reduction technique, in order to combine the strengths of the two methods.
A Short-Duration Blowdown Tunnel for Aerodynamic Studies on Gas Turbine Blading

A blowdown tunnel has been constructed for testing large-scale models of gas turbine blading to measure pressure distributions and losses, and for fundamental studies of boundary layers and secondary flows. It can accommodate cascades of approximately 100-mm chord, 300-mm span, and sufficient passages to achieve periodicity, or larger blades up to about 300-mm chord with fewer passages. The exit Reynolds number per metre range is 3 × 105 to 6 × 107 at unity exit Mach number, and the maximum exit Mach number is typically 1.45. These limits are well in excess of likely developments in gas turbine technology in the foreseeable future. The tunnel has a running time of 3–5 sec, which means that a small and inexpensive compressor plant is sufficient to supply the system. A pressure regulator produces a constant supply presssure regardless of line pressure fluctuations. The cascade exit pressure is controlled by tandem ejector pumps which produce sub-atmospheric conditions. The cascade Reynolds and Mach numbers may thus be independently and continuously varied.Copyright © 1982 by ASME
Application of PSO-BP Network Algorithm in AUV Depth Control

In order to improve the depth performance of AUV in parking, a PSO-BP algorithm for the depth control is presented. The algorithm can use the standard particle swarm (PSO) as BP neural network learning method, and which can be evolved in the AUV depth adaptive control. The adaptive controller has adopted the double neural network unit. One of controllers is made use the input terminal to output control quantity on the basis of current displacement and vertical acceleration of the AUV. The other can be recognized on-line by the AUV model identifier. The numerical simulations are given to verify the AUV depth adaptive control by the controller. The results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the AUV depth control performance. The convergence speed of AUV depth control is 4.5 times than the PID algorithm, so the efficiency of the AUV depth is vastly perfected.
Characterization of the electrostatic bonding of silicon and Pyrex glass

The electrostatic bonding of silicon and Pyrex glass was studied in order to find out the influence of process parameters on the final result and to be able to optimize the process with regard to the fabrication of silicon sensors. The most important parameters are the temperature and the voltage. The main criterion used for the optimization of their values was the induced stress in the silicon part of the bonded ensemble. It was found that a temperature of 360 degrees C and voltages in the range 750-1000 V are suitable.
Kinematics and Dynamics Simulation of Feed Mechanism of Sewing Machine Based on SimMechanics

Planner six-bar mechanism is widely used in the textile industry. In this article, feed mechanism of sewing machine is studied. The kinematics and dynamics simulation model is established for this kind of mechanism. On the basis of it, a relevant simulation is carried out through SimMechanics. Thus, the motion rules and stress state for all parts of mechanism are described vividly. The simulation results show that this method is effective and efficient when the simulation is implemented for a certain machine system. Meanwhile, it provides a foundation for the further research of the mechanism in the future.
Parking Lane Width and Bicycle Operating Space

This study tests the hypothesis that marking narrower parking lanes can create additional operating space for bicyclists by inducing motorists to park closer to the curb. Parking offset (i.e., distance between the curb and a parallel parked car) was measured along two multilane urban arterials just outside Boston, Massachusetts, with parking lanes ranging from 6 to 9 ft wide. As parking lane width grew in progression from 6 to 7 to 8 to 9 ft, the fraction of cars parked more than 12 in. from the curb, the legal limit, increased in a corresponding progression from 1% to 13% to 44% to 60%. The authors argue that 95 percentile parking offset is a better measure of impact on bicyclist operating space than is mean parking offset, because when riding next to a parking lane, cyclists tend to choose a path that envelopes most parked cars, such that they need to deliberately maneuver around only about one parked car out of 20. With each additional foot of parking lane width, 95 percentile offset increased by about 5 in. , for a response of 0.44 ft/ft or m/m. Multivariate regression indicates that wide vehicles (e.g., vans, large sport–utility vehicles) partially compensate by parking about 1 in. closer to the curb. Effects of adjacent lane width, whether there is an adjacent bike lane, and parking regulation type (meter or not) were found to have no significant impact on parking offset. These results imply that in cities that display this level of response to parking lane width, additional operating space for bicycling can be gained by marking narrower parking lanes.
The Assembly and Measurement of Corrector Lens of a Cassegrain Telescope

Corrector lens assembly is used to expand the field of view of a Cassegrain Telescope. There are usually three to five lenses in it. For the assembly of such a kind of high precision optics, decenter and tilt of each optical component and air space between components are key issues to be qualified. In the present study, four lenses were designed. Individual control of centering of the component and air space were achieved by assembling the component into a precision machined subcell. The lens positions were defined by precision spacers according to the designed values. To compensate various thermal expansions of glass and metal, elastomer material was used. Considering the deviation of manufacturing from design data, manufactured data were put into optical software for re-optimization, and air spaces between lenses were obtained. This gives excellent accuracy at low cost. Base on present lens mounting design and lens manufacturing quality, centering error was eliminated by lateral adjustment, which leaded to a good alignment. In this paper, the method for aligning the optics with the barrel assembly is presented and centering error measured by a double autocollimator is listed. In addition, test results of thermal cycling and vibration tests on the corrector lens assembly are discussed.
Rapid prototyping integrated systems

From the early 1990s, rapid prototyping (RP) system integration has become the desire of both industries and researchers. Presents a summary of findings from the Internet Conference on the state of the art of RP system integration. Attempts to define “integration” and relates it to RP technology. Presents technical issues that can enable RP system integration and the benefits of such integration. Finally, identifies and highlights key requirements for the success of RP integrated systems.
A 9-DOF Tractor-Semitrailer Dynamic Handling Model for Advanced Chassis Control Studies

Summary This paper describes a flexible and modular 9-degrees-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic handling model for a tractor-semitrailer combination vehicle. The equations of motion are derived from the fundamental equations of dynamics in Euler’s formulation, with the use of general computer-algebra software. The primary aim of the model is simulation of handling scenarios with active yaw control, using unilateral braking. However, it may also prove useful in other areas of tractor-semitrailer handling analysis or hardware-in-the-loop simulations. The model is formulated as a state-space model that may be implemented in standard simulation environments. A Simulink implementation is presented, and simulation results are compared with experiments to validate the model.
Association between Social Media Addiction and Depression of Students in Colleges of Education on the Copperbelt Province, Zambia

Boyd & Ellison (2007) define social media as web-based services that permit people to construct a public or semi-public profile within the social media system. It also articulates a list of other users with whom they share associations within the social media field. Dollarhide (2020) defines social media as computer-based innovations that encourage sharing of thoughts, contemplations, and data through the structure of virtual organisations and networks. Social media gives users access to electronic content, which incorporates personal information, documents, videos, and photos. Most individuals use social media to make and maintain friendships, to keep in touch with the extended family, to network career opportunities, to identify people with like interests, and share ideas, feelings, insight, and emotions, to access information and entertainment (Dollarhide 2020; Looy, 2016; Boyd &Ellison, 2007). Users access social media platforms using various digital devices like the computer, tablet or smartphone.
Besonderheiten bei Alkali‐Kieselsäure‐Reaktionen in Betonfahrbahndecken

In den letzten Jahren sind Rissbildungen in Betonfahrbahndecken mehrfach mit einer Alkali‐Kieselsäure‐Reaktion (AKR) in Verbindung gebracht worden. Die Risse sind nur in den seltensten Fällen einzig auf eine AKR zurückzuführen. Vielmehr ist davon auszugehen, dass sie durch Überlagerung mehrerer Spannungsquellen hervorgerufen wurden.
Three-dimensional micro flow manifolds for miniaturized chemical analysis systems

A three-dimensional (3D) stack concept for the assembly of photolithographically fabricated microfluidic components is presented and discussed. The system uses silicon-based micropumps and simple planar structures which mimic standard elements of conventional flow systems. Detection is provided either by solid state electrochemical sensors or small volume optical detection. The general advantages of using micromachined flow manifolds for microchemical analysis are addressed. The particular benefits to be derived from this an approach compared with other assembly methods are also examined.
Quality control of solar radiation and sunshine measurements – lessons learnt from processing worldwide databases

As a result of an exponential increase in the application of solar water heating, and more recently solar PV systems, measurement of the available solar radiation resource is gaining rapid momentum. New databases are being created and many of these are being made available via Internet. Up-to-date series of these data are also being sought by architects and building services professionals for better design of buildings. However, in many instances due care is not being exercised with respect to quality control of the measured dataset. Two major activities that utilized large databases of solar radiation, sunshine and cloud-cover have recently been concluded within Europe – the European Solar Radiation Atlas and the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (London) Guide on ‘Weather and Solar Data’. This article provides an account of the research undertaken towards development of robust techniques for identi” cation of erroneous data and their substitution using validated methods for generating radiation and sunshine data. Such substitutions are required to complete the time-series of data when the latter are either con” rmed as being of questionable quality or are found to be missing due to station downtimes.
Harmonics elimination in a multilevel inverter using the particle swarm optimisation technique

A method is presented to compute the switching angles for selected harmonic elimination (SHE) in a multilevel inverter using the particle swarm optimisation technique. For a desired fundamental voltage, the switching angles are computed by the developed algorithm while eliminating the lower-order harmonics. Also, the selected higher-order harmonics are eliminated by additional switching to contribute minimum total harmonic distortion (THD) for the output voltage. The switching angles computed for optimum THD at varying modulation index are stored as a look-up table in digital signal processor (DSP) memory for online application, thus reducing the online computational burden of solving the non-linear equations of SHE problem. Direct solution of non-linear transcendental equations of SHE problem can lead to discontinuity at certain modulation indices. Here the switching angles are computed offline considering optimum voltage THD whereas selected harmonics are eliminated at all possible modulation indices including the point of discontinuity. The computed angles are used in an experimental setup to validate the simulated results.
Knowledge Discovery in a Facility Condition Assessment Database Using Text Clustering

Knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) has been applied in many different areas of study including DNA sequence analysis, pattern discovery, document classification, image recognition, and speech recognition. This paper presents the application of KDD in the analysis of a facility condition assessment (FCA) database. The FCA database contains information on facilities located at three campuses within a statewide university system. The case study utilizes cluster analysis for text mining. Cluster analysis is the grouping of objects that are similar within the same cluster and dissimilar to the other clusters. In this analysis, deficiency descriptions from a university’s FCA database are the objects being grouped together into clusters. Deficiency descriptions were gathered from 15 housing facilities and 15 academic facilities located at 3 campuses. The results show how some clusters of facility deficiencies are unique with respect to the type of facility and the influence of location on deficiencies of aca.
Feasibility of road vibrations-based vehicle property sensing

This article discusses a novel approach to vehicle property sensing based on traffic-induced road surface vibrations and investigates the feasibility of this approach. Road surface vibrations from real-life experiments are acquired using three-axis accelerometers and the data are analysed. Based on the assessment of the data, a first coarse scheme for axle detection of passing vehicles is developed. The scheme is then evaluated using measurement data from a highway with moderate traffic intensity but diverse traffic. It is found that the proposed approach is feasible and the estimation scheme yields promising results. Furthermore, delimitations, encountered problems and identified research challenges are discussed and future research directions are given.
Application of Carrier-Wave PWM Scheme on CHB-Based STATCOM

Two kinds of multiple carrier-wave PWM schemes are analyzed and compared in detail. The phase-shifted PWM method is proved to be suitable to the cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter-based STATCOM because of the same device switching frequency and conduction time. More harmonics can be eliminated and device power losses can be reduced. Based on this modulation scheme, a novel dc capacitor voltage detection and balance control is developed. The simulation is performed in Simulink environment and the experiment prototype based on DSP is built. The simulation and experiment results show the correctness and feasibility of the proposed methods.
Compact dual‐band bandpass filter using slot‐line resonator

This letter presents a novel compact dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF), which consists of two pairs of half‐guided wavelength slot‐line resonators. The two pairs of resonators, operating at different frequencies, generate two passbands for the proposed BPF by utilizing a novel coupling scheme. Tight coupling between the two resonators in each of the pairs can be simultaneously achieved, and the interaction between the two pairs is negligible. Thus the operation frequencies of the two passbands can be controlled independently. Several attenuation poles are created to enhance the selectivity of the proposed filter. The simulated and measured results are presented, showing good agreement. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2299–2300, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25485
Laboratory drilling performance of PDC bits

A laboratory study of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact(PDC) bit designs has generated data that gives an insight into PDC bit performance in the field. The tests reviewed in this paper include those for rate of penetration, torque response, hydraulic energy sensitivity, balling tendency, dull bit performance, and bit performance after the removal of selected cutters. A total of four bit designs were tested. The designs included flat-faced profiles and parabolic profiles.
Drainage of Sloping Lands with Variable Recharge: Analytical Formulas and Model Development

Semianalytical transient equations for shallow subsurface transverse drainage systems installed in sloping lands are developed. They provide a general relationship between drain flow rates, water table elevations, and recharge rates. This relationship demonstrates that, depending on the recharge intensity, several drain flow rates can be observed at a given water table elevation. The recharge contribution is shown to depend on a water table shape factor and to decrease when the water table is low or the slope is steep. For very steep slopes, the recharge intensity no longer influences the drain flow rate. These equations can be used to confirm previous results obtained in steady-state conditions and to determine precisely under which conditions slope needs to be considered in drainage design. They have been incorporated into the field drainage model SIDRA, which simulates hourly values of water table elevations and drain flow rates. The model predictions are compared with the predictions of a steady-state equation and a numerical model, which solves the Boussinesq equation (SLOP model).
Comparison of MELCOR modeling techniques and effects of vessel water injection on a low-pressure, short-term, station blackout at the Grand Gulf Nuclear Station

A fully qualified, best-estimate MELCOR deck has been prepared for the Grand Gulf Nuclear Station and has been run using MELCOR 1.8. 3 (1.8 PN) for a low-pressure, short-term, station blackout severe accident. The same severe accident sequence has been run with the same MELCOR version for the same plant using the deck prepared during the NUREG-1150 study. A third run was also completed with the best-estimate deck but without the Lower Plenum Debris Bed (BH) Package to model the lower plenum. The results from the three runs have been compared, and substantial differences have been found. The timing of important events is shorter, and the calculated source terms are in most cases larger for the NUREG-1150 deck results. However, some of the source terms calculated by the NUREG-1150 deck are not conservative when compared to the best-estimate deck results. These results identified some deficiencies in the NUREG-1150 model of the Grand Gulf Nuclear Station. Injection recovery sequences have also been simulated by injecting water into the vessel after core relocation started. This marks the first use of the new BH Package of MELCOR to investigate the effects of water addition to a lower plenum debris bed. The calculated results indicate that vessel failure can be prevented by injecting water at a sufficiently early stage. No pressure spikes in the vessel were predicted during the water injection. The MELCOR code has proven to be a useful tool for severe accident management strategies.
Avoiding the Achilles heel of network-centric enterprises

Corporate, government and military bodies focus significant resources to develop sophisticated and capable information-based systems. The concept of people and resources connected by a robust network capable of extremely high rates of information exchange is very attractive because it allows smaller groups to coordinate together and focus effects from geographically diverse locations. However, there is also a hidden danger that comes with such advanced technology. For example, in the case of the U.S. Military, clearly United States holds a technological advantage over our adversaries and that this advantage is still expanding. This technology gap has resulted in the emergence of potent asymmetrical warfare. All too often in science fiction movies, we see a small group of humans defeat a technologically superior alien race by striking at a hidden weakness that renders all of their advanced weapons as useless, as a result of pervasive connectivity and interdependence. The analogy holds for any large network-centric enterprise, corporate or governmental. This paper focuses on specific technologies and methods that preempt this Achilles Heal scenario.
Determining Strategic Groups Using Multidimensional Scaling

Millard Fillmore Hospital (MFH), a major hospital in the Western New York area, needed to develop strategies to attract physicians who could increase patient referrals to the hospital. Bed utilization, a key determinant of economic performance of any hospital, in turn depends on increased referrals. Our study aimed to develop strategic groups of hospitals to help to determine the strategies that would make MFH attractive to physicians. We used multidimensional scaling to determine the strategic groups of hospitals and the resultant competitive position of MFH and to determine which factors were strategically important. These results were used to develop strategies specifically focused to attract physicians and to increase patient referrals.