Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The ISW-tSZ cross correlation: ISW extraction out of pure CMB data

If Dark Energy introduces an acceleration in the universal expansion then large scale gravitational potential wells should be shrinking, causing a blueshift in the CMB photons that cross such structures (Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, [ISW]). Galaxy clusters are known to probe those potential wells. In these objects, CMB photons also experience inverse Compton scattering off the hot electrons of the intra-cluster medium, and this results in a distortion with a characteristic spectral signature of the CMB spectrum (the so-called thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, [tSZ]). Since both the ISW and the tSZ effects take place in the same potential wells, they must be spatially correlated. We present how this cross ISW-tSZ signal can be detected in a CMB-data contained way by using the frequency dependence of the tSZ effect in multi frequency CMB experiments like {\it Planck}, {\em without} requiring the use of external large scale structure tracers data. We find that by masking low redshift clusters, the shot noise level decreases significantly, boosting the signal to noise ratio of the ISW--tSZ cross correlation. We also find that galactic and extragalactic dust residuals must be kept at or below the level of ~0.04 muK^2 at l=10, a limit that is a factor of a few below {\it Planck}'s expectations for foreground subtraction. If this is achieved, CMB observations of the ISW-tSZ cross correlation should also provide an independent probe for the existence of Dark Energy and the amplitude of density perturbations.
Multitasking Effects on Perception and Memory in Older Adults

Performing multiple tasks in parallel is detrimental to performance, a phenomenon generically referred to as dual-task interference (DTi). Several variables can modulate DTi at the individual level, and increasing age is typically described as negatively affecting response costs. In this study, we investigated, in 252 healthy adults aged between 50 and 89 years, how age modulates the detrimental effect of DTi during the encoding of images. We combined a visual memory task and a sustained attention task (i.e., an auditory version of the continuous performance task, ACPT) in three separate blocks. In the first block, participants had to perform a four-alternative forced-choice recognition of previously memorized images without having attended to ACPT sounds during the encoding. In the second block, during memorization, participants had to press a response key when detecting the letter “X” within a stream of letters (Low Load). In the third block, they had to respond only when the letter “X” was preceded by the letter “A” (High Load). The results showed that overall performance linearly decreased with age. In contrast with our predictions, DTi was stable across different ages. Finally, using a cluster-based approach, we found that participants who paid the highest costs when dual-tasking also demonstrated, on a self-administered cognitive screening significantly lower scores than peers. These new types of tests, which ask for concurrent task performance, might become useful for detecting outlier performance that might anticipate or correlate with aging–related cognitive decline.
Weighted local Hardy spaces and their applications

In this paper, we study weighted local Hardy spaces $h^p_\wz(\rz)$ associated with local weights which include the classical Muckenhoupt weights. This setting includes the classical local Hardy space theory of Goldberg \cite{g}, and the weighted Hardy spaces of Bui \cite{bu}.
Virtual Reality, a Method to Achieve Social Acceptance of the Communities Close to Mining Projects: A Scoping Review

—Background: Virtual reality (VR) technology is an effective, interactive and immersive type of communication since it produces greater interest and attention in the user, thereby allowing greater understanding and comprehension than with more traditional methods. On the other hand, not much information is known about the application of this novel technology in the context of social acceptance as far as the mining sector is concerned; our approach and methodology were based on scoping review (Prisma-SrC, Daudt et al., Arksey, and O’Malley). The research terms were also planned before, with the aim of carrying out three posterior screening levels, among which was the use of EndNote 20 and the PICO framework. Exhaustive research was carried out in nine databases. We obtained n=2 research articles of n=923 initially found, all of which went through three levels of filtering. The chosen articles were evaluated according to Hawker et al. 's methodological rigor, to be included in the review. This scoping review could be the starting point for a series of further investigations that would fill the gap in the literature on this topic, emphasizing experimental articles to confirm the impact of virtual reality technologies on the communities within the sphere of influence of a mining project.
A practical framework to generate and manage synthetic sensor data

A huge number of sensors are around us and they generate different kinds of data. Data owners, e.g. the companies need IT environments and applications to handle these datasets. The collected data often contain sensitive information about the operation of the companies and the production processes. Therefore, artificial sensor data are strongly needed in the development and testing phase of these applications. In this paper, we introduce a complex application with three main modules to manage synthetic sensor data. The first component is the data generator module, which is capable of creating synthetic sensor data according to the user-defined distributions and parameters. The second module is in charge of storing the generated data in a flexible relational database, developed by us. The third component ensures the filtering and the visualization of the collected or generated data. A common interface was created to bring together the components and to provide a unified interface for the users. The adequate user management was an important aspect of our work. Accordingly, four different user types and authorities were defined.
Numerical solution of uncertain second order ordinary differential equation using interval finite difference method

It is well known that differential equations are in general the backbone of physical systems. The physical systems are modelled usually either by ordinary differential or partial differential equations. Various exact and numerical methods are available to solve different ordinary and partial differential equations. But in actual practice the variables and coefficients in the differential equations are not crisp. As those, are obtained by some experiment or experience. As such the coefficients and the variables may be used in interval or in fuzzy sense. So, we need to solve ordinary and partial differential equations accordingly, that is interval ordinary and interval partial differential equations are to be solved. In the present analysis our target is to use interval computation in the numerical solution of some ordinary differential equations of second order by using interval finite difference method with uncertain analysis.
Evaluation of Adipokines Among Children Infected with Some Protozoan Intestinal Parasites

Background : Adipokines are molecules produced by adipose tissue that have involvement in the body's energy/metabolic status and inflammation. It has recently been shown that there is a relationship between these molecules and infection with some intestinal parasites. Objectives : The current research aimed to assess the effect of Cryptosporidium and Giardia lamblia on adipokines. Patients and methods : This research was conducted in Baghdad from October 2021 to March 2022. The study included 56 children of both sexes, ranging in age from 2 to 15 years. The enrolled children were divided, according their stool examination, into infected by Giardia lamblia (n=21), infected by Cryptosporidium (n=23) and apparently healthy children (n=12). All participating children were subjected to some biometric measurements (body mass index (BMI), weight for age percentile and height for age percentile) and adipokines assessment (adiponectin, leptin and IL-6). Results: A significant increase (P˂0.05) in adiponectin and leptin were observed for Cryptosporidium and G. lamblia infections versus the control group. While significant decrease (P˂0.05) in IL- 6 were noticed for Cryptosporidium and G. lamblia infections compared to the control group. BMI, weight for age percentile and height for age percentile were not significantly related with each of adiponectin, leptin and IL-6 for infected patients and control groups. Conclusions: Leptin and adiponectin secretion, as well as nutrient absorption, can be interfered with by intestinal Cryptosporidium and G. lamblia . Their precise function in intestinal parasitosis requires further study.
Population Health, Infrastructure Development and FDI Inflows to Africa: A Regional Comparative Analysis

This study examined the effect of population health and infrastructure development on FDI inflows to Africa. Furthermore, a comparative study on the three biggest African regions, the ECOWAS, COMESA, and SADC regions, was conducted. A panel DOLS approach was adopted for 40 countries drawn from the regions from 1980 to 2017. Unlike empirical population health studies, the multidimensional effects of population health on FDI inflows were examined. The empirical findings from the study showed that population health significantly impacted FDI inflows to Africa, with strong effects in the ECOWAS, and weak effects in the COMESA and SADC regions. However, infrastructure development was found to be a major determinant of FDI flows to Africa and the three regions, thus suggesting that while foreign investors consider infrastructure development for investment in the three regions, population health is further considered on an aggregate level and by ECOWAS foreign investors.
Synthesis and characterization of amino sulfonic acid functionalized graphene oxide as a potential carrier for quercetin

In this investigation, a new nanocomposite as a nanocarrier based on functionalized graphene oxide was synthesized by reaction of tetraethylenepentamine and chlorosulfonic acid with functional groups on the surface of GO. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by FT-IR, XRD TGA, FE-SEM, EDAX, TEM, and AFM analysis. To explore the potential of nanocomposites in drug delivery, the loading and releases of quercetin as an anticancer drug were investigated. The result displayed that more than 90% of the drug was loaded on the nanocarrier and the release of the drug is depending on the pH of the environment such that the releases of the drug in Gastric and intestinal conditions were up to 50% and 30%, respectively. The analysis of toxicity effect on the normal and cancer cells indicated that the nanocarrier with the drug has potential for cancer cells therapy without cytotoxic effect on normal cells in IC50 concentration.
The State of Life on Land (SDG 15) in the United Arab Emirates

In 2015, the United Nations (UN) defined 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) as a road path to sustainable development in the world. Achieving these SDGs are among the top items on the agenda of several state organizations, including the United Arab Emirates. This article analyzes the UAE’s recent performance in achieving SDG 15, labeled as Life on Land. Using the data from international databases, namely the UN SDG Database and the Bertelsmann Stiftung SDG-index, we analyze the indicators that measure the UAE’s performance towards achieving SDG 15. This research sets a strategy for preserving biodiversity in the UAE and attaining the relevant goals to protect life on land. The findings suggest that while UAE is motivated to achieve the goals stated in SDG15, significant challenges remain ahead. Specifically, many of the relevant indicators are missing, making it hard to measure country performance based on reliable metrics.
The Extraterritorial Voting Rights and Restrictions Dataset (1950–2020)

This paper introduces the Extraterritorial Rights and Restrictions dataset (EVRR), the first global time-series dataset of non-resident citizen voting policies and procedures. Although there have been previous efforts to document external voting, no existing data source simultaneously captures the scale (195 countries), time frame (71 years), and level of detail concerning extraterritorial voting rights and restrictions (over 20 variables). After a brief overview of prior datasets, we introduce EVRR coding criteria with a focus on conceptual clarity and transparency. Descriptive analysis of the dataset reveals both the steady expansion of extraterritorial voting as well as several regional and temporal trends of voting rights restrictions. Finally, we revisit and extend the work of two groundbreaking cross-national studies focused on the causes and effects of external voting rights. Using EVRR data we demonstrate that including more fine-grained aspects of extraterritorial voting provisions in these analyses improves understanding of important political and economic outcomes.
Does HCC Etiology Impact the Efficacy of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma? An Asian Liver Radiation Therapy Group Study

Background/Purpose The Asian Liver Radiation Therapy Study Group has formed a large and detailed multinational database of outcomes following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we explored the potential impact of HCC etiology on SBRT efficacy. Tumor control probability (TCP) models were established to estimate the likelihood of local control (LC). Methods Data from 415 patients who were treated with SBRT for HCC were reviewed. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify key predictors of LC. TCP models accounting for biologic effective dose (BED) and tumor diameter were generated to quantify associations between etiology and LC. Results Cox models demonstrated that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was associated with favorable LC following SBRT (HR=0.52, 95% CI 0.04–0.96, p=0.036). The 2-year LC rate for patients with HCV etiology was 88%, compared to 78% for other patients. Small tumor and high BED were also associated with favorable LC. TCP models demonstrated a 10–20% absolute increase in predicted LC across the range of SBRT doses and tumor sizes. Conclusion We found a novel association between HCV status and LC after SBRT for HCC that warrants further exploration. If validated in other datasets, our findings could help clinicians tailor SBRT schedules.
Influence of slack of automatic AAR couplers on longitudinal dynamics and jerk behaviour of rail vehicles

Automatic AAR coupling mechanisms are used worldwide for the inter-connection of rail vehicles. Coupling failures, running instability, longitudinal jerks and other issues limit the usage of these coupling mechanisms. Couplers of these mechanisms require certain slack to facilitate appropriate coupling. The presence of slack even during coupled state allows the possibility of both translational and rotational motions of couplers inside the slack regime. Resulting interaction between contours of interacting coupler heads give rise to impacts and frictional rubbing actions. This study examines the implications of coupler slack on the longitudinal dynamics of rail vehicles. A simplified two degree of freedom model of such a coupling mechanism is developed, incorporating impacts and frictional actions. The study is limited to longitudinal motion, permitting only translational movement between couplers. Intermittent interactions between profiles contours at various contact points due to possible rotation between couplers are not considered. Instead, it is approximated by defining a single contact location manually. This contact location is utilised to estimate resultant impact and friction forces along the longitudinal direction. The coupler system is excited with a harmonic force and simulations are carried out for two explicit values of excitation frequency. It is observed that intermittent impacts and stick-slips resulting from slack are significant in the longitudinal force transfer between two vehicles and cause steep variations in acceleration, which in turn become the cause for jerks of considerable magnitude. Considerably higher magnitude jerks are observed at higher excitation frequencies than those at lower excitation frequencies. It is concluded that a smaller averaging sample time for acceleration is required for realistic jerk computations.
Running through the Who, Where, and When: A Cross-cultural Analysis of Situational Changes in Comics

ABSTRACT Understanding visual narratives requires readers to track dimensions of time, spatial location, and characters across a sequence. Previous work has found situational changes across adjacent panels differ cross-culturally, but few works have examined such situational dimensions across extended sequences. We therefore investigated situational “runs” – uninterrupted sequences of the situational dimensions (time, space, characters) – in a corpus of 300+ annotated comics from the United States, Europe, and Asia. We compared runs’ proportion and average lengths and found that across books, semantic information changed frequently and run length correlated with proportion. Yet, cross-cultural patterns arose, with American and European comics using more continuous runs than Asian comics. American and European comics also used more and longer temporal and character continuity, while Asian comics used more spatial continuity. These findings raise questions about comprehenders’ processing strategies of visual narratives across cultures and how general frameworks of visual narrative comprehension account for variations in situational (dis)continuity.
High‐Resolution Aircraft Observations of Turbulence and Waves in the Free Atmosphere and Comparison With Global Model Predictions

High‐resolution flight data obtained from in situ measurements in the free atmosphere aboard the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) are used to determine eddy dissipation rates along extended flights during the recent Southern Hemisphere Transport, Dynamics, and Chemistry aircraft campaign (SOUTHTRAC) in the 2019 austral winter. These data are analyzed and correlated with quantities characterizing the ambient airflow and the magnitudes of vertical energy propagation through internal gravity waves. The observed turbulence events are strongly correlated with elevated shear values, and overturning gravity waves do not appear to play a role. A highlight of the analysis is the validation of a recently implemented Clear Air Turbulence (CAT) forecast index in the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecast integrated forecast system. Here we find a slightly better correlation of the CAT prediction with the HALO research aircraft observations compared to those of commercial aircraft. The observed turbulence during SOUTHTRAC was never stronger than moderate, as EDR values remained below 0.3 m2/3 s−1. In general, light and light‐to‐moderate turbulence events were extremely rare, occurring in only about 5% of the flight time, and stronger events in less than 0.2%. These results are also reflected in the local atmospheric conditions, which were dominated by a thermally very stable airflow with low vertical shear and large Richardson numbers.
Wideband and High Gain Array Antenna for 5G Smart Phone Applications Using Frequency Selective Surface

This work presents an eight element array antenna with single layer frequency selective surface (FSS) to obtain high gain. The eight elements are fed by single port. The FSS consists of 14 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 6 unit cells with one unit cell size is 5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 5 mm<sup>2</sup> having wideband behavior. The antenna uses Rogers RT Duroid 5880 substrate and giving very wide bandwidth from 20 GHz to 65 GHz, covering millimeter wave 5G bands (including 28 GHz, 38 GHz and 60 GHz). The designed FSS is showing stop band transmission characteristics below −10 dB threshold from 25 GHz to 42 GHz and 59 GHz to 61 GHz. The eight element antenna integrated with the FSS reflector, which results an improvement in the gain level from 12 dB to 15 dB at 28 GHz, from 10 dB to 12 dB at 38 GHz, and from 9.5 to 11 dB at 60 GHz. The dimensions of the antenna are 65 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 27 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 0.857 mm<sup>3</sup>. The proposed antenna shows stable gain and directional radiation patterns. The simulation findings are experimentally confirmed, by testing the fabricated prototypes of the proposed antenna system.
Energy-based Collaborative Filtering Recommendation

The core value of the recommendation model is the using of the measures to measure the difference between the jumps (e.g. pearson), some other studies based on the magnitude of the angle in space (e.g. cosine), or some other studies study the level of confusion (e.g. entropy) between users and users, between items and items. Recommendation model provides an important feature of suggesting the suitable items to user in common operations. However, the classical recommendation models are only concerned with linear problems, currently there is no research about nonlinear problems on the basis of potential/energy approach to apply for the recommendation model. In this work, we mainly focus on applying the energy distance measure according to the potential difference with the recommendation model to create a separate path for the recommendation problem. The theoretical properties of the energy distance and the incompatibility matrix are presented in this article. Two experiment scenarios are conducted on Jester5k, and Movielens datasets. The experiment result shows the feasibility of the energy distance measures/ the potential in the recommendation systems. Keywords—Energy distance; energy model; collaborative filtering; recommendation system; distance correlation; incompatibility
Existence and Topological Properties of Solution Sets for Differential Inclusions with Delay

We consider the problem ẋ(t) ∈ A(t)x(t) + F (t, θtx)) a.e. on [0, b], x = κ on [−d, 0] in a Banach space E, where κ belongs to the Banach space, CE([−d, 0]), of all continuous functions from [−d, 0] into E. A multifunction F from [0, b] × CE([−d, 0]) into the set, Pfc(E), of all nonempty closed convex subsets of E is weakly sequentially hemi-continuous, θtx(s) = x(t + s) for all s ∈ [−d, 0] and {A(t) : 0 6 t 6 b} is a family of densely defined closed linear operators generating a continuous evolution operator S(t, s). Under a generalization of the compactness assumptions, we prove an existence result and give some topological properties of our solution sets that generalizes earlier theorems by Papageorgiou, Rolewicz, Deimling, Frankowska and Cichon. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 46E30, 28A20, 60B12, 34K25, 34K20.
The Five Elements of Th1-Th2 System

The T helper (Th) phenotypes, Th1/Th2, are acquired upon interaction of a naive T helper cell and an antigen presenting cell (APC). Naive T helper cells may differentiate into either phenotype, and the actual outcome is determined by the density and avidity of the antigenic determinants presented by the APC, and the APCs inherent costimulatory properties. Until recently it was thought that differentiation is further affected by cytokines. In our work, We have specified aspects of T-cell cytokine networks using B method of software engineering. With this model, we are able to run verification with B-toolkit and allow us to compare the dynamic behavior of the model to actual experimental data from College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine. Here we present a Wu-Hsing model of Th1-Th2 system.