Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A pair of non-optimal codons are necessary for the correct biosynthesis of the Aspergillus nidulans urea transporter, UreA

In both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes, synonymous codons are unevenly used. Such differential usage of optimal or non-optimal codons has been suggested to play a role in the control of translation initiation and elongation, as well as at the level of transcription and mRNA stability. In the case of membrane proteins, codon usage has been proposed to assist in the establishment of a pause necessary for the correct targeting of the nascent chains to the translocon. By using as a model UreA, the Aspergillus nidulans urea transporter, we revealed that a pair of non-optimal codons encoding amino acids situated at the boundary between the N-terminus and the first transmembrane segment are necessary for proper biogenesis of the protein at 37°C. These codons presumably regulate the translation rate in a previously undescribed fashion, possibly contributing to the correct interaction of ureA-translating ribosome-nascent chain complexes with the signal recognition particle and/or other factors, while the polypeptide has not yet emerged from the ribosomal tunnel. Our results suggest that the presence of the pair of non-optimal codons would not be functionally important in all cellular conditions. Whether this mechanism would affect other proteins remains to be determined.
Field-realistic antidepressant exposure disrupts group foraging dynamics in mosquitofish

Psychoactive pollutants, such as antidepressants, are increasingly detected in the environment. Mounting evidence suggests that such pollutants can disrupt the behaviour of non-target species. Despite this, few studies have considered how the response of exposed organisms might be mediated by social context. To redress this, we investigated the impacts of two environmentally realistic concentrations of a pervasive antidepressant pollutant, fluoxetine, on foraging behaviour in fish (Gambusia holbrooki), tested individually or in a group. Fluoxetine did not alter behaviour of solitary fish. However, in a group setting, fluoxetine exposure disrupted the frequency of aggressive interactions and food consumption, with observed effects being contingent on both the mean weight of group members and the level of within-group variation in weight. Our results suggest that behavioural tests in social isolation may not accurately predict the environmental risk of chemical pollutants for group-living species and highlight the potential for social context to mediate the effects of psychoactive pollutants in exposed wildlife.
Eagle's syndrome mimicking dental pain: A case report with a novel surgical approach

PAIN in the craniofacial and neck region can be both intriguing and equally frustrating for the surgeon. This is principally because there is a multitude of related pain syndromes in this region, many of which are lacking in physical signs. Diagnosis then becomes even more dependent on an accurate description of the pain in terms of character, localization, duration, radiation, relieving and exacerbating factors. Familiarity and identification of a more obscure causative factor in a particular case lends itself not only to liberate the patient but also an increased awareness of the practitioner for the need to consider the coinciding minute diagnostic points of otolaryngology, ophthalmology and rhinology besides dentistry and oral surgery. The characteristic elongation of a styloid process may explain some occasions of pharyngeal, ear pain and sometimes headache, which have defied exhaustive diagnostic studies. A large spectrum of signs and symptoms has been mentioned in various reports of Eagle's syndrome. Diagnosis can be made with careful clinical evaluation and confirmed with radiographs showing an elongated styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid complex. Styloidectomy is the procedural choice for Eagle's syndrome having high success rate. In our case, the intraoral approach for styloidectomy was not the routine one, for which the post-operative outcome was exceptionally good without any complications.
CONTINUOUS SIZE-BASED SEPARATION OF MICROPARTICLES IN STRAIGHT CHANNELS

This work describes the use of a rectangular straight microchannel for separation of microparticles with a diameter difference of as little as 2 μm. Inertial microfluidics is exploited to achieve separation of particles. Inertial lift forces acting on particles in a straight channel causes them to equilibrate at a position near the channel sidewall. The inertial force is dependent on the particle size which facilitates in the formation of separate streams of particles. With a proper design for the outlet system, these particle streams can be collected to achieve a complete separation. This principle was demonstrated by fabricating straight channels in PDMS using soft lithography. The focusing region was 15 μm x 50 μm (W x H) with an opening angle of 28o connecting to the separation region. The separation region was a low aspect ratio segment with the dimension of 1200 μm x 50 μm which connected to a 5 outlet collection region. This device was used to demonstrate the separation of 2 μm and 4.16 μm diameter particles from a homogeneous mixture. Separation efficiency of 75~85% was achieved. This simple, planar device can be easily integrated with any lab-on-a-chip system for particle separation.
Identification and Validation of Anabas spp. (Osteichthyes: Anabantidae) Through Morphology and DNA Barcoding From Lake Kolleru, Andhra Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT Srinu, G. ; Padmavathi, P., and Chatla, D. , 2019. Identification and validation of Anabas spp. (Osteichthyes: Anabantidae) through morphology and DNA barcoding from lake Kolleru, Andhra Pradesh, India. In: Jithendran, K.P.; Saraswathy, R. ; Balasubramanian, C.P.; Kumaraguru Vasagam, K.P.; Jayasankar, V. ; Raghavan, R. ; Alavandi, S.V. , and Vijayan, K.K. (eds.), BRAQCON 2019: World Brackishwater Aquaculture Conference. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 86, pp. 142–148. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Anabas Cuvier, 1816 (Pisces: Osteichthyes: Anabantidae) constitutes a major proportion of fisheries with great ecological and commercial importance in lake Kolleru, Andhra Pradesh, India. Morphological analysis based on 54 adult specimens from different parts of the lake revealed two putative species, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1795) and A. oligolepis (Bleeker, 1855) which are very closely related to and barely distinguished by few characteristics (e.g. body depth) exclusively in fully matured specimens. In juvenile and sub-adult specimens, considerable overlap in the range of colour patterns has been observed, inturn it may lead to taxonomic confusion. DNA barcoding is a promising technique for accurate species level identification based on partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. A total of five DNA barcode sequences were generated using universal primers. The average Kimura 2 Parameter (K2P) distances within species and genera were 0.5% and 1.3% respectively. These barcodes discriminated the congeneric species with lower genetic distance when compared to other taxa. This may aid in deciding the threshold value to delineate the species complex of Anabas from lake Kolleru. Neighbour joining (NJ) tree formed two major clades each shared with accessions to the same species. The maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree was constructed using COI sequences of Anabantidae which were complemented with the sequences of six other families of order Anabantiformes and the phylogenetic position of Anabantidae was discussed. Future studies are needed for deeper insights into genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships of Anabantiformes using multiple molecular markers.
Fracture of poly(vinylidene fluoride): a combined synchrotron and laboratory in-situ X-ray scattering study

Semi-crystalline polymers show a complex fracture mechanism, which is controlled by the micro-mechanisms associated with formation and breakdown of a plastic deformation region. Such regions develop at notches, cracks or other stress-raising defects. In the present paper, we use time-resolved synchrotron X-ray scattering techniques during the deformation process in poly(vinylidene fluoride) to study the plastic zone formation and fracture processes at different strain rates. This gives new insight into the micro-mechanisms of cavitation, lamellae separation and fibril formation in this particular material.
Evaluation of clinical and suicidal behavior characteristics among urban, Turkish middle-age depressive patients with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Background: In the presence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) together with additional psychiatric diseases, the treatment process and prognosis of both ADHD and psychiatric comorbidity are adversely affected. Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the characteristics concerning suicidal behavior of the patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder either having (ADHD+) or not having (ADHD−) adult ADHD comorbidity and their responses to depression treatment. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six inpatients were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), the Adult ADD/ADHD DSM IV-Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale, and the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) were applied to the cases. Results: HDRS scores were found to be significantly high (P < 0.000) in the ADHD+ group during admission and discharge. However, there was no difference found in terms of PSP scores (P = 0.46) during discharge. In the ADHD+ group, the depressive episode started at an earlier age (P < 0.011). The idea of suicide (P < 0.018) and suicidal attempts (P < 0.022) was found to be higher in this group compared to the ADHD− group. ADHD+ patients had more suicidal attempts requiring more medical intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Depression starts at an early age in individuals with comorbid ADHD diagnosis, and the progress of the depression treatment changes negatively. This patient group is at greater risk in terms of suicidal behavior. Therefore, it should be considered by the clinicians that ADHD can associate with depression while making the follow-up plans for the cases diagnosed with depression.
Learning about which measure of inflation to target

Using a closed economy model with a flexible-price good and a sticky-price good we study the conditions under which interest rate rules induce real determinacy and, more importantly, the MSV solution is learnable in the E-stability sense proposed by Evans and Honkapohja (2001). We show that these conditions depend not only on how aggressively the rule responds to inflation but also on the measure of inflation included in the rule and on whether the flexible-price good and the sticky-price good are Edgeworth complements, substitutes or utility separable. We consider three possible measures of inflation: the flexible-price inflation, the sticky price inflation and the core inflation; and we analyze three different types of rules: a forward-looking rule, a contemporaneous rule and a backward-looking rule. Our results suggest that in order to guarantee a unique equilibrium whose MSV representation is learnable, the government should implement a backward looking rule that responds exclusively to the sticky-price inflation. Forward-looking and contemporaneous rules that respond to either the flexible-price inflation or the core-inflation are more prone to induce multiple equilibria and E-instability of the MSV solution. More importantly backward-looking rules that react to either the flexible-price inflation or the core inflation may guarantee a unique equilibrium but in these cases the fundamental solution (MSV representation) is not learnable in the E-stability sense
Gas exchange, leaf and root dry mass in Bell Pepper under fertigation with nitrogen and potassium

O pimentao e uma hortalica-fruto de grande importância economica no pais. Em seu processo de producao a cultura demanda agua, nutrientes e luz em quantidades adequadas. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as trocas gasosas (fotossintese liquida, condutância estomatica, transpiracao, concentracao interna de carbono e eficiencia instantânea de carboxilacao) e o acumulo de massa seca das folhas e de raiz na cultura do pimentao fertirrigado com nitrogenio e potassio. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial (4x4) com quatro repeticoes, totalizando 64 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos consistiram na combinacao de quatro doses de nitrogenio (0; 73,4; 146,8 e 293,6 kg ha-1 de N) com quatro doses de potassio (0; 53,3; 106,7 e 213,4 kg ha-1 de K). Um analisador de gas infravermelho (IRGA) com fonte de luz acoplada (irradiacao de 600 µmol m-2 s-1) foi utilizado para avaliar as trocas gasosas. Houve interacao na aplicacao de N e K para fotossintese liquida, massa seca das folhas e de raiz, sendo a massa seca de raiz a variavel que expressa melhor essa interacao. As alteracoes fisiologicas sao mais responsivas a adubacao nitrogenada quando comparada a adubacao potassica. Os valores mais expressivos de condutância estomatica, transpiracao, concentracao interna de carbono e eficiencia de carboxilacao foram obtidos com a aplicacao de doses de nitrogenio entre 147 e 294 kg ha-1.
Classical Planar Heisenberg Ferromagnet, Complex Scalar Field and Nonlinear Excitations

Nonlinear excitations in a classical planar Heisenberg ferromagnet in an external field (CPHFF) are studied. Taking a classical counterpart of the spin-raising operator as a relevant field variable, we establish a close correspondence between the CPHFF and a complex scalar field (CSF) in which each atom in a complex lattice field, while coupled with its neighbours, sits on \D'-like on-site potential with saturable nonlinearity; In their static form CPHFF equations and CSF equations are identical to each other. In the continuum limit the CSF takes a semi-classical form of a Bose liquid with nonlinearity, however, characteristic of classical spin system. Solutions to the field equations are studied by using the continuum approximation. In one-dimensional case moving domain-wall solutions associated with symmetry-breaking states are obtained for the CPHFF and the CSF. In two- and three-dimensional cases static solutions to the field equations are obtained in the form of vortex solutions in close analogy to the case of the Ginzburg-Pitaevskii equation in the theory of superfluidity.
In Silico Identification of Novel Candidate Drug Targets in Haemophilus Influenzae Rd KW20

Background: Globally, respiratory diseases cause an estimated 1.9 million deaths per year. One of the most important aetiological organisms of both adult and childhood respiratory disease is Non-Typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). NTHi is frequently isolated from the respiratory tract during episodes of sinusitis, Otitis Media and pneumonia and is the most common cause of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis exacerbations. Methods: The work has been effectively complemented with the compilation of the Database of Essential Genes (DEG) of H. influenzae Rd KW20. Each protein is subjected to BLASTP in NCBI server http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih. gov/blastp. The candidate drug targets are determined by KAAS (KEGG Automatic Annotation Server), KEGG ORTHOLOGY and KEGG GENES. Results: The given gram negative bacteria H. influenzae Rd KW20 has six distinguished domains i.e., cytoplasmic, cytoplasmic membrane, periplasmic, outer membrane, extracellular and unknown domains. Out of 642 essential genes, the predicted non-human Homologous are 412 in the different domain of given bacteria. With the help of KAAS (KEGG Automatic Annotation Server), KEGG ORTHOLOGY and KEGG GENES, we successfully identified 35 novel drug targets which have common metabolic pathways both in host and pathogen & pathogen specific metabolic pathways. Conclusion: The novel drug targets suggest those genes which are active in both the host and pathogen metabolic pathway and should be a pathogen specific metabolic pathway. The important drug target regions are vacJ, lepB, emrB, MurG & dgkA. vacJ is present in outer membrane while lepB, emrB, MurG&dgkA are present in cytoplasmic membrane. All these genes are fully sequenced and specifically annotated in KEGG PATHWAY.
The effect of an introductory strength training program on ACL injury risk factors

The purpose of this study was to examine both objective and athlete perceived biomechanical outcomes of Block Zero training thought to be associated with ACL injury risk potential. There were two specific aims of this study. The purpose of Aim 1 of this study was to examine the extent to which Block Zero training increased knee:ankle ratio during the performance of the Drop Jump Screen Test. Thirteen female high school athletes from girls’ volleyball, basketball, softball, and soccer comprised the sample. A paired t-test indicated participants demonstrated increases in knee:ankle ratio and increases in strength from pre to post test. Spearman’s correlation indicates there is a strong positive relationship between increased strength gains and increased knee:ankle ratio. To further address Aim 1, the perceived benefits of Block Zero on past participants were examined. Twenty-four survey responses comprised the sample. Results from McNemar’s Test for correlated proportions indicated participants report positive perception of Block Zero training. The purpose of Aim 2 was to compare injury data from the host high school to three area high schools to determine if athletes who participated in Block Zero were less susceptible to ACL injury than those who did not participate in Block Zero. While results were not statistically significant, with the exception of girls’ volleyball, the host school experienced lower injury ratios. These positive results suggest that Block Zero training should be studied in the future as one potential way to provide protection against ACL injury.
Optimized Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric Method to Profile Esterified Fatty Acids in Fish Roe and Fish Oil

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometric method was optimized and applied to profile the major esterified fatty acids in eight lyophilized fish roe species and three marketed fish oil capsules. The method was able to separate efficiently 36 standard fatty acids as methyl esters using Teknokroma fused silica capillary column, 60 m×0.25 mm×0.2 μm. However, only 20 major esterified fatty acids were determined in fish roe and fish oil samples. The total amount of esterified fatty acids in salmon wild oil, salmon cold water oil and cod liver oil capsules were 235.5, 145.8, and 195.5 mg/g, respectively. However, the total amount of esterified fatty acids in fish roe species ranged from 40 to 61 mg/g. The quantitation data were treated with statistical principal component analysis, and showed a characteristic score value for each type of fish roe. Each type of fish roe showed a characteristic content profile of 20 major esterified fatty acids. The highest concentration of esterified omega-3, was found in salmon fish roe (15.34 mg/g) and Mosa fish roe (13.15 mg/g). The maximum amount of esterified α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were found in salmon wild oil (7.73 mg/g), salmon fish roe (6.09 mg/g), and Mosa fish roe (11.00 mg/g), respectively. The developed method was found to be applicable for qualification and characterization of fish roe and fish oil.
Health sciences teaching staff's perception about quality of work life in Saudi Universities: Reliability and validity of the questionnaire instrument

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a valid quality of work life (QoWL) questionnaire for measuring the QoWL of health sciences teaching staff working in Saudi universities. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 teaching staff belonging to health sciences colleges at four Saudi government universities were randomly selected and given with QoWL tool. This tool consists of 24 Likert scale items and five different subscales i.e., (i) working conditions, (ii) psychosocial factors in the workplace, (iii) opportunities for training and development, (iv) compensation and rewards and (v) job satisfaction and job security. Two-hundred and ninety completed questionnaires were received, demonstrating a 97% response rate. Responses were subjected to statistical analysis to measure the reliability and validity of the tool. P < 0.05 was considered as 'statistically significant'. Results: Factor analysis extracted five factors which conjointly explained 93.31% of the variance in health sciences teaching staff attitude toward the QoWL at selected Saudi universities. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was measured at 0.928 for internal consistency reliability. This study demonstrates that the five critical factors consisting of working conditions, psychosocial factors in the workplace, opportunity for training and development, compensation and rewards and job satisfaction and job security are important determinants of QoWL among the health sciences teaching staff working at the higher education institutions in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: This study provides a reliable and valid tool for capturing the QoWL perceptions of health sciences teaching staff at Saudi universities and may be considered for possible use at comparable institutions elsewhere.
Effect of adjunct yoga therapy in depressive disorders: Findings from a randomized controlled study

Background: Depression causes significant burden both to the individual and to society, and its treatment by antidepressants has various disadvantages. There is preliminary evidence that adds on yoga therapy improves depression by impacting the neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of mood, motivation, and pleasure. Our study aimed to find the effect of adjunctive yoga therapy on outcome of depression and comorbid anxiety. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled study involving patients with major depressive disorder (n = 80) were allocated to two groups, one received standard therapy (antidepressants and counseling) and the other received adjunct yoga therapy along with standard therapy. Ratings of depression and anxiety were done using Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline, 10th and 30th day. Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale was applied at baseline and 30th day to view the severity of illness and clinical improvement. Results: By the 30th day, individuals in the yoga group had significantly lower scores of depression, anxiety, and CGI scores, in comparison to the control group. The individuals in the yoga group had a significant fall in depression scores and significant clinical improvement, compared to the control group, from baseline to 30th day and 10th to 30th day. In addition, the individuals in the yoga group had a significant fall in anxiety scores from baseline to 10th day. Conclusion: Anxiety starts to improve with short-term yoga sessions, while long-term yoga therapy is likely to be beneficial in the treatment of depression.