Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of linseed oil feeding on performance and fatty acid composition of muscles in broiler chicks

Interest on the enrichment of poultry meat with n-3 fatty acids has increased given its important role in human health. Recently there is shift from quantity production to quality production. Linseed oil is the main plant origin sources of n-3 fatty acids, and contains between 45 to 71% of total fatty acids of the oil as omega-3 i.e. α-linolenic acid. Dietary composition and feeding strategies may offer practical and efficient solutions for altering type of fat deposition in broiler meat. This paper reviews the possibility of n-3 enrichment of broiler meat. Its focus is on the inclusion of linseed oil and linseed and begins by summarizing the benefits of supplementation on broiler performance. The literature on its effect on different growth parameters, blood parameters and also on altering the FA deposition in different tissues is then reviewed. Flaxseed supplementation caused a reduction in the abdominal fat pad, and the main fatty acid deposited in the tissue is LNA. The blood serum parameter are also altered with reduced blood cholesterol and LDL whereas, increased HDL level. The use of fold-change analysis allowed interpreting and determining the variation of results within experiments that do not report data in similar units of measure. The fold change analysis identified three categories of desaturation response to feeding flaxseed to broilers, resulting in different values for EPA and DHA in both breast and thigh tissues: high, medium and low fold-changes. The use of linseed oil, whole or ground flaxseed before slaughter is recommended to poultry producers as feeding strategies to optimize n-3 enrichment, without compromising animal performance.
Global Quantum Correlation in the Ising model

We study quantum correlations in an isotropic Ising ring under the effects of a transverse magnetic field. After characterizing the behavior of two-spin quantum correlations, we extend our analysis to global properties of the ring, using a figure of merit for quantum correlations that shows enough sensitivity to reveal the drastic changes in the properties of the system at criticality. This opens up the possibility to relate statistical properties of quantum many-body systems to suitably tailored measures of quantum correlations that capture features going far beyond standard quantum entanglement.
Thermo, pH and reduction responsive coaggregates comprising AB2C2 star terpolymers for multi-triggered release of doxorubicin

Novel 5-arm PEG(PCL)2(PNIPAM)2 (S1) and PEG(PCL)2(PAA)2 (S3) star terpolymers were synthesized, and their aggregates formed by a single star or mixed stars were efficiently used for loading and release of doxorubicin upon dual and triple stimuli. The star terpolymers had two disulfide moieties and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, A), poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL, B), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM, C1), poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA, C2), and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, C3) segments. Terminal diazide functionalized PEG (PEG-(N3)2) and alkyne-mid-functionalized PCL-b-PNIPAM and PCL-b-PtBA diblock copolymers were subjected to an azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction to generate AB2C2 (C = C1 and C2) stars followed by selective hydrolysis to obtain a PEG(PCL)2(PAA)2 star. Polymeric micelles were prepared by self-assembly of a single star in aqueous solution, and coaggregates were obtained by coassembly of S1 and S3 mixtures. Various polymeric aggregates had great potential as controlled delivery vehicles due to their reasonable drug loading efficiency and stimuli-adjustable drug release properties. As compared with dually sensitive micelles formed from a single star, triply stimuli-responsive coaggregates may be more promising as controlled delivery vehicles since the drug release properties can be potentially adjusted by various external stimuli and composition of star mixtures.
Physical Performance Drops after Hip Fracture Surgery: HIPA Study

Disability is one of the least desirable consequences of current population aging. Although the health condition is one of the determinants of disability, the relationship is not linear and the nature of disability cannot be predicted solely from the clinical diagnosis. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply study population with adverse outcomes, as hip fracture is, in order to acquire predictive capacity of frailty that allows delaying disability appearance. Objectives: Creating and characterizing a cohort of hip fracture patients. Design: Descriptive study of cohort consisting of 61 individuals study before and after hip fracture surgery. Setting: People older than 70 years, with Bartle Index higher than 80 and hospitalized with hip fracture and not frail. Measurements: Functional ability, instrumental activities of daily living, frailty, physical performance and social variables were measured. Results: Our results showed that, even from independent status, hip fracture is a very important reason for functional impairment in elderly patients. Nearly two thirds of the hip fracture patients developed functional impairment in three months. Conclusions: Age is essential in recovery, being older-old patients the most affected by disability after hip fracture surgery.
3D Scene Creation Using Story-Based Descriptions

Developments in the creation of 3D virtual environments have made this a popular approach in a variety of applications. However, creating 3D scenes still requires professionals to spend an enormous amount of effort and time on it. In this paper, we present a fully implemented prototype system called 3DSV (3D Story Visualiser) that generates a virtual scene by using simplified story-based descriptions. This prototype system is based on the integration of advances in computer graphics and text-tovisualization technology to generate 3D virtual environment. This makes it easier and faster for nonprofessionals to create 3D environments compared to using traditional 3D design packages.
Non-Recursive Relations Structure-Functionality

Non-recursive relations structure-functionality is an exclusive property of the recently introduced concept of boundedness. They provide a leading role of the hierarchy of the functional organization in the evolution of each and every complex system. The novel evolution strategy appears as a counterpart rather than as opponent to the survival of the fittest strategy because the survival of the fittest is more advantageous strategy in a slow varying environment while the novel strategy is more advantageous for a rapidly changing environment. Alongside, the non-recursive relations structure-functionality serves as grounds for coexistence of scaling dependent and scaling independent properties of complex systems.
Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Goat’s Milk Whey Proteins Obtained by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

In this study the bacterial growth inhibitory activity of peptide fragments produced from goat’s milk whey proteins by enzymatic hydrolysis using trypsin, ficin and a combination of both was investigated. Goat’s milk whey proteins were isolated and subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis and peptides were purified by ultrafiltration followed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Growth inhibitory activities of hydrolysates ranged from 4.67% to 87.46% for E.coli and 3.03% to 98.63% for B.cereus. Among all peptide fragments, permeate containing 3kDa peptides produced by trypsin showed maximum inhibition against Gram positive and Gram negativebac bacteria. This fraction was further purified by HPLC. Fourteen peptide fractions were collected and evaluated for their growth inhibitory activities. Two fractions showed the highest growth inhibitory activities with MIC50’s of 383±8 µg/ml and 492±10 µg/ml against E.coli and B.cereus, respectively. Taken together, the results of this study indicated that it is possible to produce novel antibacterial peptide by enzymatic hydrolysis of goat’s milk whey proteins which can potentially replace synthetic food preservatives in food industries.
Il Mulino-Rivisteweb

The aim of this paper is to review the most important empirical results on the development of social-background inequalities in educational attainment of adolescents in Sweden at the end of compulsory education and in upper secondary education. The focus is on quantitative studies of the development during the past 25-30 years. Research indicate that the role of family background for adolescents’ grade point averages at the end of compulsory education has been remarkable stable during the 20-year period between 1988 and 2007, while social inequality in upper secondary education is to a larger extent characterized by change. Importantly, the development of social inequality in upper secondary education depends on the aspect in focus. One general conclusion is that so called “primary effects” account for a substantial part of the inequality process to academic upper secondary education, and seems to be more resistant to change over time than ‘secondary effects’ are.
Propagation and Diurnal Evolution of Warm Season Cloudiness in the Australian and Maritime Continent Region

Warm season cold cloud-top climatology in the Austral–Indonesian region is examined for evidence of propagating modes of precipitation that originate from elevated heat sources and the diurnal heating cycle. Using satellite-inferred cloudiness from the period 1996–2001 as a proxy for rainfall, this coherent regeneration process and subsequent event propagation is found to consistently occur from the midlatitudes (30°–40°S) to the tropics (10°–20°S) in the Austral region. Given favorable environmental shear at midlatitudes, long-lived eastward-propagating events are observed to occur regularly with a span and duration typically larger than observed by Carbone et al. The genesis of these events, while intermittent, is directly related to elevated heat sources and the diurnal cycle, similar to the United States. However, given the relatively flat terrain of Australia, an elevated heat source is often insufficient, thus increasing the relative influence of transient synoptic forcing. In the tropics, the thermal forcing associated with elevated terrain found over the islands of the Maritime Continent and the land–sea interface is increasingly dominant on daily basis. While eastward- and westwardpropagating events are found in the more varied environment of the monsoon regime, evidence for meridionally propagating modes is also found. In this manner, complex interactions occur that modify the location and timing of clouds that develop over neighboring oceanic and continental locations. The impact of convection initially linked to the New Guinea highlands and subsequently impacting the Java Sea region is particularly evident affecting the observed diurnal cycle. The subtropics show characteristics intermediate between the above extremes. With the seasonal cycle, the spring environment favors eastward-propagating events but in summer there is an increasing frequency of diurnally forced quasi-stationary development over elevated terrain enhanced by favorable synoptic conditions. Overall the subtropical summer events have a shorter duration and span than their spring counterparts. The increased environmental steering winds and shear in spring are thought to be the primary reason.
Comparison of whole‐sediment, elutriate and pore‐water exposures for use in assessing sediment‐associated organic contaminants in bioassays

Bioassays have frequently been used as tools to simulate exposure of benthos to sediment-associated contaminants in hazard assessments. Due to the problems involved with estimating bioavailability in whole-sediment bioassays, aqueous frac­ tions such as elutriates and pore water have been substituted for whole-sediment exposures. The objective of this research was to compare and evaluate the bioavailability of representative neutral hydrophobic contaminants in whole sediments and in aque­ ous extracts of whole sediment (elutriate and pore water) in simultaneous bioassays, using three representative indicator spe­ cies, Diporeia spp. , Chironomus riparius larvae, and Lumbriculus variegatus. Aqueous extracts of whole sediment did not accurately represent the exposure observed in whole sediment. Generally, the aqueous extracts underexposed organisms com­ pared to whole sediment, even after adjusting accumulation to the fraction of organic carbon in the test media. Accumulation comparisons among whole-sediment, elutriate, and pore-water exposures depended on sampling time. At some sampling times for some contaminants, differences in accumulation between a particular aqueous extract and whole sediment were not signifi­ cant; however, these similarities were not observed for all species at the particular sampling time. Bioaccumulation and con­ taminant clearance data suggest that a number of factors such as the indicator species, exposure media, and chemical/physical properties of individual contaminants are responsible for the accumulation differences observed among the tested media. Nor­ malizing bioaccumulation to the amount of organic carbon in a source compartment adjusted for bioavailability differences of only some contaminants. We suggest that the bioavailability of contaminants such as those tested cannot be accurately pre­ dicted in bioassays that expose organisms to aqueous representations of whole sediment.
Charitable giving to not-for-profit organizations: factors affecting donations to non-profit organizations

In today's era of evaporating operating profits, numerous organizations, including hospitals, universities and not-for-profit entities, are increasingly focusing on charitable giving as a funding source. In this paper, we examine the organ-izational and consumer demographic characteristics which influence charitable giving. This study adds to the body of research that has been conducted in the charitable giving area to help us better understand the relationship between these two aspects. An exploratory analysis of 143 males and 161 females suggests that people are most likely to make their charitable giving decisions based on the reputation of a charity. The results of this study also suggest that some factors have differing influences across demographic groups. Managerial implications are discussed.
Optical and Structural Properties of Thermally Evaporated Zinc Oxide Thin Films on Polyethylene Terephthalate Substrates

Zinc oxide thin films of different thicknesses ranging from 100 to 300 nm were prepared on polyethylene terephthalate substrates with thermal evaporation in a vacuum of approximately Torr. X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the proper phase formation of the material. From atomic force microscopy (AFM) images, it was found that the root mean square roughness of the film surface increased as the film thickness increased. The optical properties of ZnO on PET substrates were determined through the optical transmission method using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The optical band gap values of ZnO thin films slightly decreased as the film thickness increased.
Deposition of Metal and Metal Oxide Thin Films from Metal Organic Precursors in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Solution

BARUA, DIPAK. Deposition of metal and metal oxide thin films from metal organic precursors in supercritical carbon dioxide solution. (Under the direction of Gregory N. Parsons) Thin films of metals and metal-oxides are deposited in batch (Chemical Fluid Deposition) and cyclic (Atomic Layer Deposition) processes from metal organic precursors in supercritical carbon dioxide solutions. New materials have been introduced in the deposition processes. Deposited films are analyzed in details in order to evaluate their quality and chemical composition. Analyzing techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and auger electron spectroscopy (AES) are adopted to characterize the films. Capacitance-voltage measurements are performed to prove the device quality deposition of metal oxide films. The process establishes a new approach in metal oxide deposition, and controllable growth of metal and metal oxide films in supercritical carbon dioxide. Deposition of Metal and Metal Oxide Thin Films from Metal Organic Precursors in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Solution
IDENTIFICATION OF LOW ACCURACY REGIONS IN LAND COVER MAPS USING UNCERTAINTY MEASURES AND CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENCE

Abstract. The aim of this article is to assess if the data provided by soft classifiers and uncertainty measures can be used to identify regions with different levels of accuracy in a classified image. To this aim a soft Bayesian classifier was used, which enables the assignment of classifications confidence levels to all pixels. Two uncertainty measures were also used, namely the Relative Maximum Deviation (RMD) uncertainty measure and the Normalized Entropy (NE). The approach was tested on a case study. A multispectral IKONOS image was classified and the classification uncertainty and confidence where computed and analysed. Regions with different levels of uncertainty and confidence were identified. Reference datasets were then used to assess the classification accuracy of the whole study area and also in the regions with different levels of uncertainty and confidence. A comparative analysis was made on the variation of accuracy and classification uncertainty and confidence along the map and per class. The results show that for the regions with more uncertainty or less confidence the spatially constrained confusion matrices always generate lower values of global accuracy than for global accuracy of the regions with less uncertainty or more confidence. The analysis of the user’s and producer’s accuracy also shows the same general tendency. Proposals are then made on methodologies to use the information provided by the uncertainty and confidence to identify less reliable regions and also to improve classification results using fully automated approaches.
Chemical abundances of the damped Lyman α systems in the XQ-100 survey

SLE acknowledges the receipt of an NSERC Discovery Grant which supported this research. JXP is supported by NSF grant AST-1109447. SL has been supported by FONDECYT grant number 1140838 and partially by PFB-06 CATA. KDD is supported by an NSF AAPF fellowship awarded under NSF grant AST-1302093.
Inﬂammation and frailty in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cross-sectional studies reported compared to 6757 robust participants, both 1698 frail (SMD = 1.00, 95%CI: 0.40–1.61) and 8568 pre-frail (SMD = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.04–0.62) participants had signiﬁcantly higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). Frailty (n = 1057; SMD = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.27–2.13) and pre-frailty (n = 4467; SMD = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.00–1.11) with higher serum levels of interleukin-6 compared to people who were robust (n = 2392). Frailty and pre-frailty were also signiﬁ- cantly associated with elevated white blood cell and ﬁbrinogen levels. In three longitudinal studies, higher serum CRP (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.78–1.44,) and IL-6 (OR = 1.19, 95%CI: 0.87–1.62) were not associated with frailty. In conclusion, frailty and pre-frailty are associated with higher inﬂammatory parameters and in particular CRP and IL-6. Further longitudinal studies are needed.
IS A CORRECTION NECESSARY FOR BETA ESTIMATION? BETA TAHMİNİ İÇİN DÜZELTME GEREKLİ Mİ?

The CAPM beta (β) is a parameter, which plays a central role in modern finance as a measure of an asset’s systematic risk. Practitioners rely on beta estimates when estimating costs of capital, applying various valuation models, determining portfolio strategies and implementing risk management techniques. Researchers also rely on beta estimates for many applications such as determining relative risk, testing asset pricing models, testing trading strategies and conducting event studies. As evidenced, betas are not stable over time. Hence, the instability of betas over time leads to important practical problems. If nonstationarity of βs is ignored, investors may make significant mistakes resulting in underestimating or overestimating systematic risk. In this study, we have proposed two correction methods for beta estimation. Findings of our study suggest that proposed correction methods seem to provide accurate beta estimates.
NOx emissions , isoprene oxidation pathways , vertical mixing , and implications for surface ozoneWhy do Models Overestimate Surface Ozone in the SoutheastSoutheastern United States ?

Ozone pollution in the Southeast US involves complex chemistry driven by emissions of anthropogenic nitrogen 30 oxide radicals (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) and biogenic isoprene. Model estimates of surface ozone concentrations tend to be biased high in the region and this is of concern for designing effective emission control strategies to meet air quality standards. We use detailed chemical observations from the SEACRS aircraft campaign in August and September 2013, interpreted with the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM) at 0.25°×0.3125° horizontal resolution, to better understand the factors controlling surface ozone in the Southeast US. We find that the National Emission Inventory (NEI) for NOx from the US 35 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is too high in the Southeast and nationally by 50%. a factor of 2. This finding is demonstrated bybased on SEACRS observations of NOx and its oxidation products, by surface network observations of nitrate wet deposition fluxes, and by OMI satellite observations of tropospheric NO2 columns. Upper tropospheric NO2 from
Is Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Still a Valuable Crop Today?: Invited review

Cultivation of buckwheat has decreased progressively worldwide over the last 20-30 years because of its low and erratic yield. In this review, we stress out the strengths and weaknesses of this crop. Buckwheat constitutes a multifood-use pseudocereal with nutritional benefits consisting in the absence of gluten in the flour, the richness in water soluble fibres, high quality proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, and appreciable mineral and vitamin content. The anti-oxidative action of buckwheat as a result of the presence of rutin and other phenolic substances is exploited by the pharmaceutical industry. Buckwheat’s benefits also include positive cardiovascular effects, regulation of certain types of diabetes, and prevention of gallstones and hormone-dependent cancers. Buckwheat, therefore, offers multiple nutritional advantages and can play a major role in the prophylaxis of several human diseases. From an agronomical point of view, buckwheat represents a good opportunity for environmentally friendlly cultivation, with reduced use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. However, various physiological and ecological characteristics result in low and variable yields: (1) sensitivity to abiotic factors, such as frost, heat, water deficit, long photoperiod for photosensitive varieties, and tendency to lodging; (2) self-incompatibility, distyly and pollen transfer limitation; (3) indeterminate flowering and spread of seed maturation over time leading to difficulties in determining the optimal time to harvest; and (4) female organ flower sterility. As a result, improvement in cultivar breeding and crop management is still needed.
Dimer models and cluster categories of Grassmannians

We associate a dimer algebra A to a Postnikov diagram D (in a disc) corresponding to a cluster of minors in the cluster structure of the Grassmannian Gr(k,n) . We show that A is isomorphic to the endomorphism algebra of a corresponding Cohen–Macaulay module T over the algebra B used to categorify the cluster structure of Gr(k,n) by Jensen–King–Su. It follows that B can be realised as the boundary algebra of A , that is, the subalgebra eAe for an idempotent e corresponding to the boundary of the disc. The construction and proof uses an interpretation of the diagram D , with its associated plabic graph and dual quiver (with faces), as a dimer model with boundary. We also discuss the general surface case, in particular computing boundary algebras associated to the annulus.