Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supervised classification and segmentation of textured scene images

Texture classification of the textured scene images is a challenging task due to variation of textures in images. In addition, occlusion, reflection and shadows make texture classification more difficult. We propose a novel patch-based approach for texture segmentation and classification in the textured scene images. First, color and texture features are designed to extract crucial information from non-overlapping patches. Each patch is classified into one of the predefined categories by the random forest classifier. Then the labeled result is refined with the assistance of the conventional image segmentation method. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms current state-of-the-art approaches in terms of speed and accuracy.
Bivalirudin during primary PCI in acute myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND Treatment with the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin, as compared with heparin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, results in similar suppression of ischemia while reducing hemorrhagic complications in patients with stable angina and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The safety and efficacy of bivalirudin in high-risk patients are unknown. METHODS We randomly assigned 3602 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who presented within 12 hours after the onset of symptoms and who were undergoing primary PCI to treatment with heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor or to treatment with bivalirudin alone. The two primary end points of the study were major bleeding and combined adverse clinical events, defined as the combination of major bleeding or major adverse cardiovascular events, including death, reinfarction, target-vessel revascularization for ischemia, and stroke (hereinafter referred to as net adverse clinical events) within 30 days. RESULTS Anticoagulation with bivalirudin alone, as compared with heparin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, resulted in a reduced 30-day rate of net adverse clinical events (9.2% vs. 12.1%; relative risk, 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63 to 0.92; P=0.005), owing to a lower rate of major bleeding (4.9% vs. 8.3%; relative risk, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.77; P<0.001). There was an increased risk of acute stent thrombosis within 24 hours in the bivalirudin group, but no significant increase was present by 30 days. Treatment with bivalirudin alone, as compared with heparin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, resulted in significantly lower 30-day rates of death from cardiac causes (1.8% vs. 2.9%; relative risk, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.95; P=0.03) and death from all causes (2.1% vs. 3.1%; relative risk, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44 to 1.00; P=0.047). CONCLUSIONS In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who are undergoing primary PCI, anticoagulation with bivalirudin alone, as compared with heparin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, results in significantly reduced 30-day rates of major bleeding and net adverse clinical events. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00433966 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Tooth counts through growth in diapsid reptiles: implications for interpreting individual and size‐related variation in the fossil record

Tooth counts are commonly recorded in fossil diapsid reptiles and have been used for taxonomic and phylogenetic purposes under the assumption that differences in the number of teeth are largely explained by interspecific variation. Although phylogeny is almost certainly one of the greatest factors influencing tooth count, the relative role of intraspecific variation is difficult, and often impossible, to test in the fossil record given the sample sizes available to palaeontologists and, as such, is best investigated using extant models. Intraspecific variation (largely manifested as size‐related or ontogenetic variation) in tooth counts has been examined in extant squamates (lizards and snakes) but is poorly understood in archosaurs (crocodylians and dinosaurs). Here, we document tooth count variation in two species of extant crocodylians (Alligator mississippiensis and Crocodylus porosus) as well as a large varanid lizard (Varanus komodoensis). We test the hypothesis that variation in tooth count is driven primarily by growth and thus predict significant correlations between tooth count and size, as well as differences in the frequency of deviation from the modal tooth count in the premaxilla, maxilla, and dentary. In addition to tooth counts, we also document tooth allometry in each species and compare these results with tooth count change through growth. Results reveal no correlation of tooth count with size in any element of any species examined here, with the exception of the premaxilla of C. porosus, which shows the loss of one tooth position. Based on the taxa examined here, we reject the hypothesis, as it is evident that variation in tooth count is not always significantly correlated with growth. However, growth trajectories of smaller reptilian taxa show increases in tooth counts and, although current samples are small, suggest potential correlates between tooth count trajectories and adult size. Nevertheless, interspecific variation in growth patterns underscores the importance of considering and understanding growth when constructing taxonomic and phylogenetic characters, in particular for fossil taxa where ontogenetic patterns are difficult to reconstruct.
Experimentally Induced Pulpal Lesion and Substance P Expression: Effect of Ketoprofen—A Preliminary Study

Objectives. To evaluate substance P (SP) and the effect of ketoprofen administration, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on SP in the pulp of upper third molars with experimentally induced pulpal lesion. Materials and Methods. A sample of 20 young systemically healthy adults of both sexes, nonsmokers, with a healthy upper third molar to extract for orthodontic purposes, was selected. Prior to the procedure, an inflammatory process was generated by mechanical exposure of the pulp. After 15 minutes, the pulp was collected using a sterile barbed broach. SP levels were determined by using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) kit. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: group 1 received a dose of ketoprofen 30 minutes prior to the experimental procedure. The subjects of group 2 did not receive any kind of drug administration. The patients were asked to complete a diary on the postoperative pain. Results. No statistically significant difference could be detected in SP expression between the two groups. In group 1, pain manifestation was significantly delayed in comparison with group 2. Conclusions. Preventive administration of ketoprofen did not significantly affect the pulpal levels of SP but resulted in a significantly postponed manifestation of pain after extraction.
CMOS Energy Harvester Based on a Low-Cost Piezoelectric Acoustic Transducer

This paper describes an approach for harvesting electrical energy from a low-cost piezoelectric generator using a CMOS energy processor. The generator consists of an ordinary piezoelectric buzzer and a steel ball bonded onto it. The device mechanically behaves as a spring-mass system. Mechanical vibrations are converted into electric power by a PZT layer. The energy processor has an expected maximum efficiency of 55% for an output power of 198.21 ¿W. The efficiency and the amount of generated energy by the low-cost converter are comparable to other authors' results. Furthermore, the design of a CMOS charge controller is presented and its simulation results are discussed. The integrated circuit has the function of controlling the charge delivered to a 1.2Vdc battery.
Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Showing Robust, but Non-Dynamic, 6-Year Longitudinal Association With Short Leukocyte Telomere Length.

OBJECTIVE Several cross-sectional studies have related depressive and anxiety disorders to shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) as an indicator of cellular aging. However, these studies have left many unresolved questions about underlying causality and ordering of associations. The objective of the present large, longitudinal study was to examine the relationship between depressive and anxiety disorders and LTL over a 6-year time period. METHOD Data are from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety, including 2,292 patients with remitted and current diagnoses of depressive or anxiety disorders and 644 healthy control subjects. LTL was assessed using quantitative PCR and measured at baseline and after 6 years; depressive and anxiety disorder diagnoses and characteristics (course, duration, and severity) were determined at baseline and after 2, 4, and 6 years. RESULTS Results showed that persons with remitted (B=-52.6) and current (B=-60.8) depressive or anxiety disorder had consistently shorter LTL compared with healthy control subjects across baseline and at the 6-year follow-up, remaining significant when controlling for lifestyle and somatic health variables. Changes in the course of depressive or anxiety disorder characteristics over 6 years, however, were not associated with different LTL attrition rates. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed robust associations of depressive and anxiety disorders with shorter telomeres, but interestingly, it did not demonstrate that depressive and anxiety disorders and LTL change together over time, suggesting the absence of a direct within-person relationship. Short LTL is suggested to be either a long-term consequence or an underlying vulnerability factor for depressive or anxiety disorders.
Un critère d'évaluation pour la sélection de variables

Résumé. Cet article aborde le problème de la sélection de variables dans le cadre de la classification supervisée. Les méthodes de sélection reposent sur un algorithme de recherche et un critère d’évaluation pour mesurer la pertinence des sous-ensembles potentiels de variables. Nous présentons un nouveau critère d’évaluation fondé sur une mesure d’ambigüıté. Cette mesure est fondée sur une combinaison d’étiquettes représentant le degré de spécificité ou d’appartenance aux classes en présence. Les tests menés sur de nombreux jeux de données réels et artificiels montrent que notre méthode est capable de sélectionner les variables pertinentes et d’augmenter dans la plupart des cas les taux de bon classement.
Cross-Linking of the Mannose Receptor on Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Activates an Anti-Inflammatory Immunosuppressive Program 1

Immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) strongly express the endocytic mannose receptor (MR). Addition of a specific anti-MR mAb (clone PAM-1) for 24 h to cultures of immature DC induced phenotypical and functional maturation of the cells, assessed as up-regulation of costimulatory molecules and CD83, and chemotactic response to CCL19. A different isotype-matched anti-MR mAb (clone 19.2) had no significant effect. Engagement of MR with mAb PAM-1 induced the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-1R antagonist, and of the nonsignaling IL-1R type II. In contrast IL-1β, TNF, and IL-12 were not produced. PAM-1-treated DC were unable to polarize Th1 effector cells and did not secrete the chemokines CXCL10 and CCL19; in turn, they produced large amounts of CCL22 and CCL17, thus favoring the amplification of Th2 circuits. T cells cocultured with PAM-1-matured DC initially proliferated but later became anergic and behaved as suppressor/regulatory cells. Natural ligands binding to MR had differential effects. MUC III (a partially purified mucin), biglycan (a purified complex proteoglycan), and mannosylated lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium tuberculosis affected cytokine production with high IL-10, IL-1R antagonist, IL-1R type II, and inhibition of IL-12. In contrast, mannan, dextran, and thyroglobulin had no significant effect. In conclusion, the appropriate engagement of the MR by mAb PAM-1 and selected natural ligands elicit a secretory program in mono-derived DC characterized by a distinct profile of cytokines/chemokines with the ability to dampen inflammation and to inhibit the generation of Th1-polarized immune responses.
Enhancement of Peak and Mean Power in Concentric Phase of Resistance Exercises

Abstract Zemková, E, Jeleň, MN, Kováčiková, ZC, Ollé, G, Vilman, TS, and Hamar, DS. Enhancement of peak and mean power in concentric phase of resistance exercises. J Strength Cond Res 28(10): 2919–2926, 2014—The study compares the differences in peak and mean power of concentric-only and countermovement resistance exercises (&Dgr;P) with different weights. A group of 27 fit men randomly performed 3 repetitions of either barbell bench presses or barbell squats on different days. The initial weight of 20 kg was increased by 10 or 5 kg (at higher loads) up to at least 85% of a previously established 1 repetition maximum (1RM). A computer-based system FiTRO Dyne Premium was used to monitor force and velocity and to calculate power. The peak values and mean values of power during the entire concentric phase of lifting and during the acceleration phase were analyzed. Results showed that maximal &Dgr;P calculated from the peak and mean values in the acceleration phase of bench presses was achieved at lower weights (118.4 ± 19.0 W at 47% of 1RM and 116.2 ± 15.3 W at 48% of 1RM, respectively) than the one calculated from mean values in the entire concentric phase of lifting (114.8 ± 14.8 W at 57% 1RM). Likewise, maximal &Dgr;P calculated from the peak and mean values in the acceleration phase of squats was achieved at lower weights (127.7 ± 20.4 W at 67% of 1RM and 124.3 ± 22.1 W at 69% of 1RM, respectively) than the one calculated from the mean values in the entire concentric phase of lifting (125.0 ± 19.2 W at 77% of 1RM). This fact has to be taken into account when training efficiency is evaluated, namely, in sports requiring the production of maximal force in a short time.
Limb Asymmetries in Landing and Jumping 2 Years Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Objective:Female athletes who are at increased risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury demonstrate biomechanical differences between limbs during athletic tasks that may persist following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This may limit an athlete's potential for safe return to sports competition. The purpose of this study was to determine if female athletes demonstrate lower limb asymmetries in landing and takeoff force following ACLR and clearance for return to competitive sports participation. We hypothesized that females following ACLR would demonstrate side-to-side differences in landing and jumping kinetics after their return to sport (2+ years) that would not be observed in a group of healthy female controls. Design:Case control study. Setting:The Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. Patients:Fourteen female athletes at a mean of 27 months following ACLR and 18 healthy female athletes participated in the study. Assessment:All subjects executed a drop vertical jump (DVJ) task onto 2 force plates. Vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) was measured during landing and takeoff and was used to calculate landing phase loading rates. A 2-way analysis of variance was used to determine differences between the involved, uninvolved, and control limbs. Results:Females who had undergone ACLR demonstrated increased VGRF (P = 0.001) and loading rate (P < 0.001) on the uninvolved limb during landing when compared with the involved limb and the control group. During takeoff, the involved limb showed significantly less ability to generate force (P = 0.03) than the uninvolved limb and the control limbs. Conclusions:Female athletes who have undergone ACLR and returned to sport may continue to demonstrate biomechanical limb asymmetries 2 years or more after reconstruction that can be identified during landing.
Enhancing the pervasive trust management model in MANETs by analyzing the factors affecting performance of various attacks

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) consists of a collection of wireless mobile hosts without the required intervention of any existing infrastructure or centralized access point such as base station. The dynamic topology of MANET allows nodes to join and leave the network at any point of time. Wireless MANET is particularly vulnerable due to its fundamental characteristics such as open medium, dynamic topology, distributed cooperation and constrained capability. In Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), network traffics are redirected to a specific node or from the malicious node causing serious damage. And also it causes false identification of a good node as a bad one. This increases false alarms and as a result any further communication with that node or via that node is halted. It occurs due to lack of authentication and it grants provision for any node to corrupt other node's legitimate information. In this paper we compare and analysis the performance of various attacks with proposed attacks on different routing protocol in mobile ad hoc networks. Various types of scenarios are generated and each of the attacks is simulated on each of these, then their parameters like throughput, packet delivery ratio and delay will be compared The performance differentials are analyzed using varying pause time, constant nodes and dynamic topology. Based on the observations, we make valuable conclusions about which attacks induce more false alarm and impact on Mobile Ad Hoc Network.
Sequencing, characterization and genetic variation of the Bos indicus Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase gene

The coding sequence of the bovine (Bos indicus) Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene was amplified by Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR), cloned, sequenced and characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence clustered the bovine G6PD sequence with the other mammalian G6PD proteins into a monophyletic group. The bovids (B. indicus and B. taurus) clustered clearly from the rodent (rat, mouse and hamster) subcluster and from humans. The multiple sequence alignment of the bovine G6PD with the mammalian species clearly revealed conservation of the substrate, coenzyme, catalytic and the dimer binding sites with the solved X-ray crystallographic structure of Homo sapiens. Also, four fragments of bovine (Bos indicus) G6PD gene viz. 118, 319, 683 and 408 bp were amplified and sequenced for the first time. A G/A and G/C single nucleotide polymorphisms in intron-9 and exon-10 were detected on PCR-RFLP of the 319 bp amplicon with Hae III and Pst I, respectively. This work is the first study on Bos indicus G6PD gene at the nucleotide level.
Triflamp, a snake venom metalloproteinase, reduces neutrophil-platelet adhesion through proteolysis of PSGL-1 but not glycoprotein Ibα

Summary Triflamp, a metalloproteinase isolated from Trimeresurus flavoviridis, inhibits heterotypic adhesion between platelets and neutrophils. Coincubation studies demonstrate that direct interaction of triflamp with neutrophils is sufficient to inhibit the formation of neutrophil-platelet complexes. Its anti-adhesive effect is in a concentrationand incubation time-dependent manner. Triflamp reduces the expression of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) on neutrophils and glycoprotein (GP) Ibα on platelets as probed by flow cytometry and Western blot. Moreover, triflamp disrupts P-selectin-mediated adhesion by cleaving PSGL-1 from the neutrophil surface.There are obvious differences regarding PSGL-1 proteolysis by triflamp and cathepsin G. Besides the NH2-terminus of PSGL-1, other sites are truncated by triflamp. The inhibitory effect of triflamp on PSGL-1 expression was prevented by pretreatment with a metalloproteinase inhibitor, phenanthroline. However, triflamptreated platelets fully keep the ability for binding to PAFor fMLP-stimulated neutrophils. Our results indicate that degradation of platelet GPIbα by triflamp does not interfere with neutrophil-platelet adhesion. Its effect on neutrophil PSGL-1 appears to be a critical factor for its inhibition on neutrophilplatelet interaction.
Interleukin-13 Induces Mucin 5AC Production Involving STAT6/SPDEF in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Abstract Mucus hypersecretion is commonly observed in many chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a major airway mucin because of its high expression in goblet cells. Here, the authors identified a gene called SAM domain–containing prostate-derived Ets factor (SPDEF) that was induced by interleukin (IL)-13. Their results showed that specific knockdown of SPDEF reduced IL-13-induced MUC5AC expression in human airway epithelial cells. This finding was associated with decreased expression of anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) and Ca2+-activated Cl− channel (CLCA1), which regulate IL-13-mediated MUC5AC overproduction. Furthermore, transfection with SPDEF siRNA enhanced expression of forkhead box a2 (Foxa2), a key transcription factor that is known to prevent mucus production. The authors also demonstrated that the repression of STAT6 inhibited expression of SPDEF and MUC5AC induced by IL-13. These results show that SPDEF plays a critical role in regulating a transcriptional network mediating IL-13-induced MUC5AC synthesis dependent on STAT6.
Improved method for TDOA estimation with chirp signals

This paper introduces an improved method for TDOA estimation in positioning systems utilizing chirp transmissions. The proposed solution consists in determination of LOS component instantaneous frequency. According to the performed simulations and experiment results, the proposed TDOA estimation method shows good accuracy and thus has the potential to be used in indoor location applications.
VORO++: a three-dimensional voronoi cell library in C++.

Voro++ is a free software library for the computation of three dimensional Voronoi cells. It is primarily designed for applications in physics and materials science, where the Voronoi tessellation can be a useful tool in the analysis of densely-packed particle systems, such as granular materials or glasses. The software comprises of several C++ classes that can be modified and incorporated into other programs. A command-line utility is also provided that can use most features of the code. Voro++ makes use of a direct cell-by-cell construction, which is particularly suited to handling special boundary conditions and walls. It employs algorithms which are tolerant for numerical precision errors, and it has been successfully employed on very large particle systems.
ISO/IEC 27001：2013概述与改版分析

本文简要介绍了ISO/IEC 27001：2013，并分别按正文和附录A与ISO/IEC 27001：2005进行了对比，总结了其主要的变化之处，可以作为已经部署信息安全管理体系（ISMS）的用户作为升级参考。