Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Suicidal Ideation Mediates the Relationship Between Affect and Suicide Attempt in Adolescents

Suicide, as one of the leading causes of death for the adolescent population, both in Chile and globally, remains a complex and elusive phenomenon. This research studies the association between positive and negative affect in relation with suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt, given that affectivity is a fundamental basis on which people make evaluations on their satisfaction with life. First, it examines the reliability, structure, and validity of Watson’s positive and negative affect scale (PANAS) scale in a representative random sample of Chilean high school students (N = 4,568). The scale evidences strong reliability coefficients and a confirmatory factor analysis, excluding one positive (excited) and one negative (nervous) item. The scale shows a satisfactory goodness of fit. Secondly, it investigates the association of PANAS positive and negative affect scores with suicidal ideation as well as reported attempt in adolescents, controlling for the potential effect of age and sex (N = 420 high school students). Low positive and high negative affect, but not sex and age, show a significant association with suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation totally mediates the association of affect with suicide attempt, as expected. Results are discussed regarding prevention and it considers how positive and negative affect can be relevant as indicators for prevention and treatment using widely available technology.
Quantification of Blood Caffeine Levels in Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy by Caffeine ELISA

Caffeine is considered to be a neuroprotective agent against Parkinson's disease (PD) and is expected to offer a blood-based biomarker for the disease. We herein investigated the ability of this biomarker to discriminate between PD and neurodegenerative diseases. To quantify caffeine concentrations in serum and plasma, we developed a specific competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To validate the diagnostic performance of the assay, we conducted a case control-study of two independent cohorts among controls and patients with PD and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Parallelism, recovery rate, and intra- and inter-assay precision of our assay were within the standard of acceptance. In the first cohort of 31 PD patients, 18 MSA patients and 33 age-matched controls, serum caffeine levels were significantly lower in PD patients than in Controls (p = 0.018). A similar trend was also observed in the MSA group, but did not reach the level of significance. In the second cohort of 50 PD patients, 50 MSA patients and 45 age-matched controls, plasma caffeine levels were significantly decreased in both PD and MSA groups compared to Controls (p < 0.001). This originally developed ELISA offered sufficient sensitivity to detect caffeine in human serum and plasma. We reproducibly confirmed decreased blood concentrations of caffeine in PD compared to controls using this ELISA. A similar trend was observed in the MSA group, despite a lack of consistent significant differences across cohorts.
Voluntary and Involuntary Attention in Bistable Visual Perception: A MEG Study

In this study, voluntary and involuntary visual attention focused on different interpretations of a bistable image, were investigated using magnetoencephalography (MEG). A Necker cube with sinusoidally modulated pixels' intensity in the front and rear faces with frequencies 6.67 Hz (60/9) and 8.57 Hz (60/7), respectively, was presented to 12 healthy volunteers, who interpreted the cube as either left- or right-oriented. The tags of these frequencies and their second harmonics were identified in the average Fourier spectra of the MEG data recorded from the visual cortex. In the first part of the experiment, the subjects were asked to voluntarily control their attention by interpreting the cube orientation as either being on the left or right. Accordingly, we observed the dominance of the corresponding spectral component, and voluntary attention performance was measured. In the second part of the experiment, the subjects were asked to focus their gaze on a red marker at the center of the cube image without putting forth effort in its interpretation. The alternation of the dominant spectral energies at the second harmonics of the stimulation frequencies was treated as changes in the cube orientation. Based on the results of the first experimental stage and using a wavelet analysis, we developed a method which allowed us to identify the currently perceived cube orientation. Finally, we characterized involuntary attention using the distribution of dominance times when focusing attention on one of the cube orientations, which was related to voluntary attention performance and brain noise. In particular, we confirmed our hypothesis that higher attention performance is associated with stronger brain noise.
Everyday Walking Among Older Adults and the Neighborhood Built Environment: A Comparison Between Two Cities in North America

A walkable neighborhood becomes particularly important for older adults for whom physical activity and active transportation are critical for healthy aging-in-place. For many older adults, regular walking takes place in the neighborhood and is the primary mode of mobility. This study took place in eight neighborhoods in Metro Portland (USA) and Metro Vancouver (Canada), examining older adults' walking behavior and neighborhood built environmental features. Older adults reported walking for recreation and transport in a cross-sectional telephone survey. Information on physical activity was combined with audits of 355 street segments using the Senior Walking Environmental Audit Tool-Revised (SWEAT-R). Multi-level regression models examined the relationship between built environmental characteristics and walking for transport or recreation. Older adults [N = 434, mean age: 71.6 (SD = 8.1)] walked more for transport in high-density neighborhoods and in Metro Vancouver compared to Metro Portland (M = 12.8 vs. M = 2.2 min/day; p < 0.001). No relationship was found between population density and walking for recreation. Older adults spent more time walking for transport if pedestrian crossing were present (p = 0.037) and if parks or outdoor fitness amenities were available (p = 0.022). The immediate neighborhood built environment supports walking for transport in older adults. Comparing two similar metropolitan areas highlighted that high population density is necessary, yet not a sufficient condition for walking in the neighborhood.
Recent Advances in Genetic Tools for Acinetobacter baumannii

Acinetobacter baumannii is classified as a top priority pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO) because of its widespread resistance to all classes of antibiotics. This makes the need for understanding the mechanisms of resistance and virulence critical. Therefore, tools that allow genetic manipulations are vital to unravel the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) and virulence in A. baumannii. A host of current strategies are available for genetic manipulations of A. baumannii laboratory-strains, including ATCC® 17978TM and ATCC® 19606T, but depending on susceptibility profiles, these strategies may not be sufficient when targeting strains newly obtained from clinic, primarily due to the latter’s high resistance to antibiotics that are commonly used for selection during genetic manipulations. This review highlights the most recent methods for genetic manipulation of A. baumannii including CRISPR based approaches, transposon mutagenesis, homologous recombination strategies, reporter systems and complementation techniques with the spotlight on those that can be applied to MDR clinical isolates.
Immunogenicity of Infliximab Among Patients With Behçet Syndrome: A Controlled Study

Background Many patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) lack a “vasculitic” phenotype and/or are ANCA negative. Recently, the Groupe d’Etudes et de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines Pulmonaires developed a revised nomenclature for EGPA and proposed to differentiate it from hypereosinophilic asthma with systemic (nonvasculitic) manifestations (HASM). Objectives To evaluate the occurrence of genuine polyangiitis and HASM in a cohort of patients with EGPA. Methods We retrospectively studied the medical records of patients with EGPA that fulfilled the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Patients with genuine vasculitis were identified by at least one of the following criteria:1 definite vasculitis feature as defined: biopsy-proven necrotizing vasculitis of any organ, biopsy-proven necrotizing glomerulonephritis or crescentic glomerulonephritis, alveolar haemorrhage, palpable purpura, myocardial infarction due to proven coronary arteritis;2 strong surrogate of vasculitis as defined: haematuria associated with red casts or ≥10% dysmorphic erythrocytes, or haematuria and 2+proteinuria on urinalysis related to the systemic disease; and any organ manifestation other than ENT or bronchopulmonary manifestation associated with leukocytoclastic capillaritis and/or eosinophilic infiltration of the arterial wall;3 mononeuritis multiplex;4 ANCA with at least one extra-thoracic non-ENTmanifestation of disease. Results We followed 68 patients with EGPA for a mean ±SD of 6.3±6.5 years (587.7 patient-years). There were 19 males and 49 females. Their mean ±SD age was 49.5±13.8 years. In 18 patients (26.5%) with EGPA diagnosis was revised in favour of HASM using the new criteria (table 1). Notably, 19 of 50 patients (38%) with genuine polyangiitis were ANCA-negative but have histological evidence or clinical signs (rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in 1, mononeuritis multiplex 7, palpable purpura in 5) of definite vasculitis. The majority of patients in both groups were females of similar age at disease onset. The occurrence of constitutional symptoms, except myalgia, nasal involvement, cardiovascular and pulmonary manifestations did not differ between patients with genuine polyangiitis and HASM. However, patients with EGPA usually required more intensive immunosuppressive treatment, including cyclophosphamide, while monotherapy with moderate to high dose corticosteroids was adequate for the majority of patients with HASM. Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with genuine EGPA and HASM Conclusions At least a quarter of patients with EGPA classified according to the ACR criteria do not have genuine polyangiitis. The revised criteria of EGPA and HASM may have a significant value for choosing treatment options. Disclosure of Interest None declared
Neuropsychological Subgroups of Emotion Processing in Youths With Conduct Disorder

Background: At the group level, youths with conduct disorder (CD) show deficient emotion processing across various tasks compared to typically developing controls (TDC). But little is known about neuropsychological subgroups within the CD population, the clinical correlates of emotion processing deficits [for instance, with regard to the presence or absence of the DSM-5 Limited Prosocial Emotions (LPE) specifier], and associated risk factors. Methods: 542 children and adolescents with CD (317 girls) and 710 TDCs (479 girls), aged 9–18 years, were included from the FemNAT-CD multisite study. All participants completed three neuropsychological tasks assessing emotion recognition, emotion learning, and emotion regulation. We used a self-report measure of callous-unemotional traits to create a proxy for the LPE specifier. Results: Relative to TDCs, youths with CD as a group performed worse in all three emotion domains. But using clinically based cut-off scores, we found poor emotion recognition skills in only 23% of the participants with CD, followed by emotion regulation deficits in 18%, and emotion learning deficits in 13% of the CD group. Critically, the majority of youths with CD (~56%) did not demonstrate any meaningful neuropsychological deficit, and only a very small proportion showed pervasive deficits across all three domains (~1%). Further analyses indicate that established DSM-5 subtypes of CD are not tightly linked to neurocognitive deficits in one particular emotion domain over another (i.e., emotion recognition deficits in CD+LPE vs. emotion regulation deficits in CD–LPE). Conclusions: Findings from this large-scale data set suggest substantial neuropsychological diversity in emotion processing in the CD population and, consequently, only a subgroup of youths with CD are likely to benefit from additional behavioral interventions specifically targeting emotion processing mechanisms.
OpenVirtualObjects: An Open Set of Standardized and Validated 3D Household Objects for Virtual Reality-Based Research, Assessment, and Therapy

Virtual reality (VR) technology provides clinicians, therapists, and researchers with new opportunities to observe, assess, and train behavior in realistic yet well-controlled environments. However, VR also comes with a number of challenges. For example, compared to more abstract experiments and tests on 2D computer screens, VR-based tasks are more complex to create, which can make it more expensive and time-consuming. One way to overcome these challenges is to create, standardize, and validate VR content and to make it openly available for researchers and clinicians. Here we introduce the OpenVirtualObjects (OVO), a set of 124 realistic 3D household objects that people encounter and use in their everyday lives. The objects were rated by 34 younger and 25 older adults for recognizability, familiarity, details (i.e., visual complexity), contact, and usage (i.e., frequency of usage in daily life). All participants also named and categorized the objects. We provide the data and the experiment- and analysis code online. With OVO, we hope to facilitate VR-based research and clinical applications. Easy and free availability of standardized and validated 3D objects can support systematic VR-based studies and the development of VR-based diagnostics and therapeutic tools.
Statistical Localization of Bibliographic Descriptions in Unstructured Full-Texts Documents

The article describes the results of experiments in the field of automatic localization of bibliographic descriptions (single and group as part of lists) drown up according to GOST 7.0. 100-2018 (or close standards). The experiments were performed on the set of unstructured full-text Russian-language documents of various styles. The proposed solution is based on several parameters of bibliographic descriptions: lengths distribution (in characters), the frequency of prescribed punctuation characters and autocorrelation factors. The use of these features in an explicit form during simple classifiers creation made it possible to obtain criteria of Recall and F 1 -scores, comparable to previously obtained one using structural recognition methods.
Finding Short Lived Events on Social Media

Companies have been looking to Social Media for event and trend detection for a number of years to assist in business decision making. Contemporary approaches typically consider speciﬁc time windows within which to search for evidence of emerging topics, events or trends. Yet, in doing so, short(er) term events can be crowded out. In this paper, we show how subdividing time windows and recombining their results can signiﬁcantly improve detection. To do this, we use three historical Twitter datasets that are prevalent in the literature. We evaluate 6 diﬀerent methods common in the literature, and in most cases cases, observe a signiﬁcant improvement through our approach. However, we also note that picking the correct subdivision of time is key to this improvement.
A Deep Learning Method for Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease Using Convolutional Neural Network

Heart disease is a very deadly disease. Worldwide, the majority of people are suffering from this problem. Many Machine Learning (ML) approaches are not sufficient to forecast the disease caused by the virus. Therefore, there is a need for one system that predicts disease efficiently. The Deep Learning approach predicts the disease caused by the blocked heart. This paper proposes a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to predict the disease at an early stage. This paper focuses on a comparison between the traditional approaches such as Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Neural Networks (NN), and the proposed prediction model of CNN. The UCI machine learning repository dataset for experimentation and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) predictions with 94% accuracy.
Homogeneous Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) is of the greatest interest as a C{sub 1} feedstock because of the vast amounts of carbon which exist in this form and because of the low cost of bulk CO{sub 2}. Currently, toxic carbon monoxide, the main competitor for many processes, is used in industry instead because CO{sub 2} is perceived to be less reactive and its efficient catalytic conversion has remained elusive. Because CO{sub 2} is a highly oxidized, thermodynamically stable compound, its utilization requires reaction with certain high energy substances or electroreductive processes. Catalytic hydrogenation is one of the most promising approaches to CO{sub 2} fixation. Recent research has shown that high catalytic efficiency, yields, and rates of reaction can be obtained from CO{sub 2} with optimum conditions and catalysts. This review will describe the simplest and most studied reactions of CO{sub 2}: the catalytic reactions with H{sub 2} in the presence or absence of other reactive species. The mechanisms of homogeneously catalyzed reactions will be emphasized. Subjects which will not be covered, aside from brief mentions, include stoichiometric reactions of CO{sub 2} with complexes, the reverse water gas shift reaction, hydrosilylation, and electrochemical or photochemical reductions of CO{sub 2}. 132 refs.
COALA - A Rule-Based Approach to Answer Type Prediction

For answering a question correctly, the previous detection of the answer type is essential. Especially in the ﬁeld of Question Answering (QA) over knowledge bases, answers might be of many diﬀerent types as natural language is ambiguous and a question might lead to diﬀerent relevant queries. For semantic knowledge bases data types (such as date, string, or number) as well as all ontology classes (such as athlete, cham-pionship, or television show) have to be taken into account. Therefore, the previous detection of the answer type is a helpful sub-task for QA systems, but also a complex classiﬁcation problem. We present our rule-based approach COntext Aware anaLysis of Answer types (COALA). Our approach is based on the extraction of several question features and the context aware disambiguation to retrieve the correct answer type. COALA has been developed in the course of the SMART task challenge and we evaluated our approach based on over 21,000 questions.
Outdoors Mobile Augmented Reality for Coastal Erosion Visualization Based on Geographical Data

This paper presents a Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) system for coastal erosion visualization based on geographical data. The system is demonstrated at the beach of Georgioupoli in Chania, Crete Grece, in challenging, sunny, outdoors conditions. The main focus of this work is the 3D on-site visualization of the future state of the beach when the shoreline will inevitably progresses in-land based on the impact of severe coastal erosion, taking place across the Mediterranean sea but also worldwide. We feature two future scenarios in three locations of the beach. A 3D sea segment is matched to the user’s actual position. The visualization as seen through a smartphone’s screen presents an unprecedented seamless view of the 3D sea segment joined with the real-world edge of the sea, achieving accurate registration of the 3D segment with the real-world. Position tracking is performed by utilizing the phone’s GPS and the computer vision capabilities of the presented AR framework. A location-aware experience ensures that 3D rendering is space-aware and timely according the user’s position at the coast. By combining AR technologies with geo-spatial data we aim to motivate public awareness and action in relation to critical environmental phenomena such as coastal erosion.
Semantic Answer Type Prediction using BERT IAI at the ISWC SMART Task 2020

This paper summarizes our participation in the SMART Task of the ISWC 2020 Challenge. A particular question we are interested in answering is how well neural methods, and specifically transformer models, such as BERT, perform on the answer type prediction task compared to traditional approaches. Our main finding is that coarse-grained answer types can be identified effectively with standard text classification methods, with over 95% accuracy, and BERT can bring only marginal improvements. For fine-grained type detection, on the other hand, BERT clearly outperforms previous retrieval-based approaches.
A simple model for martensitic transformation

Molecular dynamics study of martensitic transformation based on a simple model for binary alloys, where interaction between atoms is represented by Lennard-Jones type potential with two parameters. One represents atomic size or molar volume and the other bond strength. This simple model allows us to study such common features of matensitic transformation as successive appearance of different modifications of close-packed structures, dependence of transformation temperature on the size of nanocrystals and also positive temperature coefficients of shear elastic moduli above Ms.
On the climate forcing consequences of the albedo continuum between cloudy and clear air

It has been long understood that the partly cloudy atmosphere manifests a continuum of states between the end members ‘clear’ and ‘cloud. ’ Nevertheless, many research methods are premised on a dichotomy of states—for example, those that use ‘cloud cover’ or ‘cloud-clearing. ’ Here we consider the consequences of this practice for studies of aerosolclimate effects. Aerosols affect the Earth’s energy budget primarily by affecting albedo; therefore, we explore the nature of albedo variability in the partly cloudy marine boundary layer on scales down to a few tens of metres. We employ two diagnostic tools: a cloud resolving model and an albedo proxy derived from high altitude lidars. We show that a continuum of albedo values results from indeterminate and variable combinations of hydrated aerosol and wispy (including subvisible) clouds. Two consequences arise. First, cloud-clearing schemes employed by different observational methods are mutually inconsistent and are sensitive to concentrations of unactivated aerosol particles. Second, aerosol radiative forcing (the sensitivity of overall albedo to changes in aerosol concentration) is inaccurately calculated as the average of clear and overcast conditions. Together, these results imply that dividing the aerosol forcing problem into ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ components may lead to substantial errors.