Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling lake trophic state : A random forest 1 approach

9 Productivity of lentic ecosystems is well studied and it is widely accepted that as nutrient inputs 10 increase, productivity increases and lakes transition from lower trophic state (e.g., oligotrophic) 11 to higher trophic states (e.g., eutrophic). These broad trophic state classifications are good 12 predictors of ecosystem condition, services (e.g., recreation and aesthetics), and disservices (e.g., 13 harmful algal blooms). While the relationship between nutrients and trophic state provides 14 reliable predictions, it requires in situ water quality data in order to parameterize the model. 15 This limits the application of these models to lakes with existing and, more importantly, available 16 water quality data. To address this, we take advantage of the availability of a large national 17 lakes water quality database (i.e., the National Lakes Assessment), land use/land cover data, 18 lake morphometry data, other universally available data, and apply data mining approaches to 19 predict trophic state. Using these data and random forests, we first model chlorophyll a, then 20 classify the resultant predictions into trophic states. The full model estimates chlorophyll a with 21 both in situ and universally available data. The mean squared error and adjusted R2 of this 22 model was 0.09 and 0.8, respectively. The second model uses universally available GIS data only. 23 The mean squared error was 0.22 and the adjusted R2 was 0.48. The accuracy of the trophic 24 state classifications derived from the chlorophyll a predictions were 69% for the full model and 25 49% for the “GIS only” model. Random forests extend the usefulness of the class predictions by 26 providing prediction probabilities for each lake. This allows us to make trophic state predictions 27 and also indicate the level of uncertainty around those predictions. For the full model, these 28 predicted class probabilities ranged from 0.42 to 1. For the GIS only model, they ranged from 29 0.33 to 0.96. It is our conclusion that in situ data are required for better predictions, yet GIS 30 and universally available data provide trophic state predictions, with estimated uncertainty, that 31 still have the potential for a broad array of applications. The source code and data for this 32 manuscript are available from https://github.com/USEPA/LakeTrophicModelling. 33
ACCUMULATION OF PB, ZN AND CU IN SCARDINIUS ERYTHROPHTHALMUS AND SOME MACROPHYTES FROM FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM BIOSPHERE RESERVE SREBARNA

The concentration of Pb, Zn and Cu was established in dominant herbivorous fish species Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758), in macrophytes Ceratophyllum demersum L. , Myriophyllum spicatum L. , Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. ,water and sediments in freshwater ecosystem of Biosphere Reserve "Srebarna". The interrelationships between the content of the trace metals in rudd, its nutrients, water and sediments was examined. The current research studied the main routes of entry of Pb, Zn and Cu in the objects of the study. The Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and the Biomagnification factor (BMF) were estimated. We have established a pronounced bioindicators for monitoring the degree of contamination of freshwater ecosystems with Zn, Pb and Cu.
Additive technologies for prototyping. Control of geometrical characteristics of abs plastic details for determining the original print sizes

Plastics of various types, such as ABS, PLA, etc. are used to create prototypes of parts by the method of layer-by-layer deposition (FDM). The low cost of these plastics determines the relevance of using this type of prototyping when developing models. One of the main problems with the use of 3D printing is plastic shrinkage when using heating platforms. The article presents the results of the study of the “Cube” detail after different printing modes to determine the most preferable mode when using universal ABS plastic. For the production of products with high requirements to the geometric characteristics, recommendations on making changes in dimensions at the stage of modeling parts are proposed, which allows us to eliminate the problem of material shrinkage.
College Students’ Self-Concepts and Attitude toward Advertising; The Relationships among the Body-Esteem, Social Comparison, and the Perception about Diet Advertising

There have been many studies dealing with the relationships between selfperceptions and the perceptions of advertising. However, research that focused specifically on diet advertising, which has recently seen a dramatic increase in our society, has been scarce. One can assume that people’s perceptions of diet advertising may be influenced by how they think about their own bodies or by the extent to which they compare their own bodies with those of others. For a more comprehensive understanding of the aforementioned relationships, this study analyzes the possible moderating role of body-esteem in predicting social comparison’s influence on the perceptions of diet advertising. The results of this study showed that people’s body-esteem level not only influences their attitude toward diet advertising, but also moderates the relationship between the attitude toward diet advertising and individuals’ social comparison orientation.
High-frequency performance of electric field sensors aboard the RESONANCE satellite

Abstract. We present the high-frequency properties of the eight electric field sensors as proposed to be launched on the spacecraft "RESONANCE" in the near future. Due to the close proximity of the conducting spacecraft body, the sensors (antennas) have complex receiving features and need to be well understood for an optimal mission and spacecraft design. An optimal configuration and precise understanding of the sensor and antenna characteristics is also vital for the proper performance of spaceborne scientific instrumentation and the corresponding data analysis. The provided results are particularly interesting with regard to the planned mutual impedance experiment for measuring plasma parameters. Our computational results describe the extreme dependency of the sensor system with regard to wave incident direction and frequency, and provides the full description of the sensor system as a multi-port scatterer. In particular, goniopolarimetry techniques like polarization analysis and direction finding depend crucially on the presented antenna characteristics.
Transferring Impedance Control Strategies via Apprenticeship Learning

We present a novel method for designing controllers for robots with variable impedance actuators. We take an imitation learning approach, whereby we learn impedance modulation strategies from observations of behaviour (for example, that of humans) and transfer these to a robotic plant with very different actuators and dynamics. In contrast to previous approaches where impedance characteristics are directly imitated, our method uses task performance as the metric of imitation, ensuring that the learnt controllers are directly optimise d for the hardware of the imitator. As a key ingredient, we use apprenticeship learning to model the optimisation criteria underlying observed behaviour, in order to frame a correspondent optimal control problem for the imitator. We then apply local optimal feedback control techniques to find an appropriate impedance modulation strategy under the imitator's dynamics. We test our approach on systems of varying complexity, including a novel, antagonistic series ela stic actuator and a biologically realistic two-joint, six-muscle model of the human arm.
FIRST AND SECOND LANGAUGE ENGLISH STUDENTS IN TERTIARY EDUCATION : READING AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Previous studies have examined the issue of assessing university students and relating their performance on the assessment measures to their academic performance in South Africa (Butler & Van Dyk, 2004; Nel, Dreyer, & Kopper, 2004). Nel et al (2004) used a comprehensive assessment battery whereas Butler and Van Dyk (2004) used a single test, the ELSA-PLUS. However, there is very little research on the relationship between reading and academic performance (Onwuebuzie, Mayes, Arthur, Johnson, Robinson, Ashe, Elbedous & Collins, 2004). The Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test (SDRT) Blue Level was administered to 380 first year students in the one of the schools in an English medium university in South Africa at the beginning of 2005. 67 students volunteered to have their results used in the study of which 22 were English second language (L2) speakers and 43 were English first language (L1) speakers. The results showed that there were significant differences between the L1 and L2 students, where the performance of the L2 students was significantly weaker than that of the L1 students on the Reading Comprehension, Vocabulary, Word Parts and Structural Analysis subtests of the SDRT. However, it emerged that the SDRT is not a good predictive test for academic achievement for either L1 or L2 students.
Status of Total Antioxidant Capacity and Malondialdehyde Level in Methamphetamine Addicts: A Cross Sectional Study

Background : Methamphetamine (MA) is an illegal amphetamine-like which stimulate the central nervous system. In recent years, MA has been widely abused worldwide. Previous studies have suggested that oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in MA-induced toxicity. From this view, antioxidant therapy could be considered as a potential drug therapy in MA abusers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate OS status in MA abusers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 21 MA abusers who referred to Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies and Congress 60 Humane Revivification Society, and 15 healthy males as a control group. The demographic data and peripheral blood sampling was obtained from both groups. The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a marker of plasma lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma were analyzed. Results: Significant decrease in plasma TAC in case group was observed (101.85±12.5 vs . 130.7±16.12 mmol/L). No significant increase in MDA serum level was detected in case group in comparison with control (27.35±2.6 vs . 26.67±2.22 µmol/L, respectively). Neither the serum MDA levels nor the plasma TAC were significantly correlated with the duration and amount of MA abuse. Conclusion: It seems that, MA abuse is associated with prooxidant-antioxidant imbalance, which suggests evaluation the role of antioxidants administration for the prevention and treatment of MA-induced toxicity.
Interactions of virus proteins within the host cell

Karttunen, Jenni Interactions of virus proteins within the host cell Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2014, 55 p. Jyväskylä Studies in Biological and Environmental Science ISSN 1456-9701; 274) ISBN 978-951-39-5633-2 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-5634-9 (PDF) Yhteenveto: Virusproteiinit ja niiden vuorovaikutukset isäntäsolussa Diss. Viruses are ancient parasites that predate all three domains of life: Eukarya, Bacteria and Archaea. Viruses usually specifically infect a determined cell type, largely defined by the receptors they recognise. Canine parvovirus is a small, non-enveloped animal virus that infects cells in dividing cells, especially in puppies. PRD1 is a bacteriophage infecting a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria. It is a well-known model virus of the Tectiviridae family and its structure has been the subject of numerous studies. In this thesis, interactions between virus proteins and the host cell were studied using both CPV and PRD1 as model viruses. The study of the complex inner protein localization in bacterial cells is in its infancy, yet particularly important for the understanding of virus-cell interactions. We constructed a vector library for the production of fluorescent fusion proteins and used it to study the localization of several PRD1 viral proteins inside E. coli. Results revealed variations in the localization patterns; one dividing characteristic appeared to be the multimericity of proteins. The vector library, together with complementation assays, was further utilized in the study of PRD1 proteins P33 and P17. The obtained results indicated that these proteins interact with the host cell chaperonin machinery. The GroEL/GroES machinery is vital for both the host cell and several phages including PRD1. Finally, the interactions of the CPV capsid with lipid membranes were studied in order to elucidate the virus escape mechanism from the endocytic vesicles. Results suggested that, together with known phospholipase A2 activity, there is an additional, membrane-induced mechanism to promote the escape.
Analysis of genetic relationship among Indonesian native chicken breeds based on 335 D-loop sequences

The Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop segment was PCR amplified and subsequently sequenced for a total of 335 individuals from Indonesian native chicken. The individuals were drawn from sixteen populations of native chicken and three individuals of green jungle fowls ( Gallus varius ). Indonesian native chicken populations were: Pelung Sembawa, PL (n = 18), Pelung Cianjur, PLC (n = 29) and Arab Silver, ARS (n=30), Cemani, CM (n = 32), Gaok, GA (n = 7), Kedu Hitam, KDH (n = 11), Wareng, T & TW (n = 10), Cemani, CMP (n = 2), Kedu, KD (n=26), Kedu Putih, KDP (n = 15), Sentul Jatiwangi, STJ (n = 27), Ayam Kate, KT (n = 29), Ayam Sentul, STC (n = 15), Arab Golden, ARG (n = 26), Ayam Merawang, MR (n = 28), Kedu Putih Jatiwangi, KDPJ (n=6) and Kapas, KPS (n = 21). Green jungle fowls were: two individuals from Flores island (FL5 and FL57) and one individual (BD42) from Sumbawa island. The sequences of the first 530 nucleotides were used for analysis. Eighty two haplotypes were identified from 78 polymorphic sites for the 335 individuals. Seventy nine haplotypes were identified in native chicken from 57 polymorphic sites while three were of jungle fowls. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Indonesian native chicken can be grouped into five clades (Clade I, II, IIIc, IIId and IV) of the previously identified seven clades (Clade I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IIIc, IIId and IV) in Asian domestic chicken. Haplotypes CM10 and CM32 fall to a different category while STC12 is also on its own. Interestingly STC12 clusters together with Gallus gallus gallus (GenBank accession No. SULANDARI et al . Analysis of genetic relationship among Indonesian native chicken breeds based on 335 D-loop sequences 296 AB007720). When CM10 (same as CM14), CM32 and STC12 were removed, 77 haplotypes of domestic chicken were identified from 53 polymorphic sites. All the green jungle fowls are clustered to one clade of their own. The clades of domestic chicken are: Clade I which has three haplotypes, Clade II has 52 haplotypes, Clade IIIc has one haplotype (represented by ARS30), Clade IIId has nine haplotypes while Clade IV has eleven haplotypes. The phylogenetic relationship between chicken populations has no link to the geographic locations. Analysis of molecular variance showed that the genetic variation within populations was 67.42% while 32.58% accounted for the genetic differentiation between populations. Key Words: Native Chiken, Green Jungle Fowls, D-Loop DNA Mitochondria, HV-1, Clade, Haplotype, Phylogenetic, Genetic Variation
Improved SLIC Superpixel Segmentation Based on HSV Non-uniform Quantization

Simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) method needs to artificially set the number of superpixel required for segmentation, which will easily lead to over-segmentation or under-segmentation, and that results can not meet the visual requirements. To improve the SLIC superpixel segmentation method, HSV non-uniform quantization, on the basis of color information,is proposed to get the picture feature vector for visual perception oriented, and then get the superpixel numbers of images needed. Experiments show that, over the number of superpixel obtained by this method, images can be partitioned into more desirably regions.
Sound Level Meter as Software Application

Nowadays, technical possibilities to build and implement new solution in industry or scientists research are very wide. PC computer with dedicated environmental software makes building equipment previously reserved to FPGA systems possible. In this article we focus on building a sound level meter application. The main reason to undertake this problem was to check precision of sound level meter consisting of a dedicated computer program and the main board integrated sound card. All algorithms were implemented in LabVIEW 8.6, thus we call our system SLM_LV_v1. 2c. In testing SLM_LV_v1. 2c we have performed the calibration procedure in the Vibroacoustics Laboratory of the Department of Mechanics and Vibroacoustics (a Calibration Laboratory accredited by Polish Centre for Accreditation). The presented results show that our meter in a speci c range meets requirements for 1st class sound level meters. Certainly, we can not use it as regular sound level meter without any other research like e.g. type approval, but at the same time we can consider it to be an inexpensive sound level indicator.At the end of the paper, we present results of comparison between measurements obtained with SLM_LV_v1. 2c and the popular sound level meter SVAN 945A and show some sources of errors.
From political construct to tourist souvenir – building the "National" landscape through advertising in Galicia (Spain)

From political construct to tourist souvenir – building the “National” landscape through advertising in Galicia (Spain) F. López Silvestre and R. Lois González Department of Art History, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, P.O. Box Santiago de Compostela, Pza Universidade, 1, 15782, Spain Department of Geography, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, P.O. Box Santiago de Compostela, Pza Universidade, 1, 15782, Spain Received: 15 January 2007 – Accepted: 28 August 2007 – Published: 11 September 2007 Correspondence to: F. López Silvestre (hafede@usc.es)
Integration of rules and ontologies with defeasible logic programming

The Semantic Web is a vision of the current Web where resources have exact meaning assigned in terms of ontologies, thus enabling agents to reason about them. As inconsistencies cannot be treated by standard reasoning approaches, we use Defeasible Logic Programming (DeLP) to reason with possibly inconsistent ontologies. In this article we show how to integrate rules and ontologies in the Semantic Web. We show how to use a possibly inconsistent set of rules represented by a DeLP program to reason on top of a set of (possibly inconsistent) ontologies.
A facile and generic strategy to synthesize large-scale carbon nanotubes

An easy method to prepare carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been demonstrated using a two-step refluxing and calcination process. First, a readily available inorganic salt, Ni(NO3)2 ˙ 6H2O, used as the catalyst precursor was dissolved in the high-boiling-point organic solvents (alcohols or polyhydric alcohol) by refluxing at 190°C for 3 hours. After refluxing, NiO nanoparticles obtained in the solution act as the catalyst, and the organic refluxing solvents are used as the carbon source for the growth of CNTs. Second, CNTs are prepared by calcining the refluxed solution at 800°C in an N2 atmosphere for 3 hours. Results show that CNT growth possibly originates from carbon rings, with the nanotube walls growing perpendicular to these rings and forming a closed tube at the end.
Demystifying Thai EFL learners’ perceptual learning style preferences

Language learning styles are considered one of the affective factors contributing to learners’ learning outcome. The objectives of this study are twofold: to identify Thai learners’ English learning style preferences and to determine the impact of three variables: gender, field of study and learning experiences on preferred learning styles. 262 Thai university students studying English as a foreign language randomly selected, participated in this study. A 30-item Perceptual Learning-Style Preference Questionnaire was administered to elicit information for the study. The results indicated that Thai EFL learners preferred auditory learning most, followed by kinesthetic, group, tactile, visual and individual learning, respectively. Among these three variables, field of study is the most significant factor affecting the choice of learning styles. However, no statistically significant difference was found in learning experience, or between the mean scores of male and female students in all of the six learning styles. The results have significant implications in that the description of language learning style contributes to a better understanding of how Thai learners learn English. Pedagogically, to be successful in English language teaching, teaching styles should be matched to students’ learning styles. Materials and classroom activities should also be compatible with their learning styles to help learners improve learning outcome. In addition, the three variables identified were highlighting, shedding light on pedagogical implications and the awareness of individual differences in learning and teaching a language.
Online Learning: trends, issues and challenges in the Big Data Era

Nowadays, many students access online resources using their mobile devices, substituting this for traditional learning interactions. However, the new concept of ‘big data’ in recent ICT discussions extends the promising research direction on online learning and big data integration. Big data promises content that can be tailored for each student based on the context and Internet behaviour of users in online learning. This study examines recent Internet activities and literacy in Brunei Darussalam (Brunei) relating to the Internet behaviour and online learning of residents. The study highlights milestones in terms of recent issues, challenges, and trends in Internet activities, focusing on online learning and its potential in the big data era. An extensive nationwide survey was conducted to ensure the reliability of the data. The survey revealed that people in Brunei expect and demand better learning services and experiences through an online learning system to improve literacy as well as the quality and ef ciency of learning. Regardless of the limitations of the survey, the general public has shown great support for online learning systems. The results of the survey provide a solid argument for further research on big data in online learning by developing a framework incorporating the expectations of the people. Finally, the study provides a baseline for future studies of Internet adoption in Brunei.