Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical properties and use of pertechnegas as a ventilation agent.

UNLABELLED Pertechnegas, a variant of technegas, produces similar ventilation images with a much increased clearance rate. This work aims to determine the properties of pertechnegas and its use as a ventilatory agent. METHODS Fourteen men and 11 women were scanned for PE, after pertechnegas ventilation. Six were reimaged with technegas within 1 wk. Studies were reported according to PIOPED criteria. Pertechnegas samples were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cascade impaction (CI), aerosol mobility analysis (AMA), Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), paper strip (PC) and gas chromatography (GC). RESULTS Post-test probabilities were normal in 5, low in 8, high in 5 and indeterminate in 7. There were 15 Grade 1, 6 Grade 2 and 4 Grade 3 studies. All Grade 3 patients had FEV1 < 1.5 liters, 3 with rates < 1.0 liter. Patients with high probability had proven deep venous thrombosis in three by venography and in one by doppler. TEM identified 0.3 micron salt particles. CI demonstrated a 7-min time to half clearance from the chamber for particles in the < 0.1 micron range. AMA indicated all particles were < 0.032 micron when salt was excluded. Pertechnegas behaves in PC as pertechnetate, GC demonstrated CO levels below 516 ppm. CO2 concentrations were 0.146 +/- 0.0009%. FTMS found molecular pertechnetate species including 99TcO3(OH)+, Na99TcO3(OH)3+ and Na99TcO3(OH)3+. XPS confirmed that these Tc species exist in oxidation state +7. CONCLUSION Comparison with technegas images in the follow-up group proved equivalent in the first five views, but indistinct lung boundaries and a high background activity characterized the final anterior images. The active component of pertechnegas is molecular pertechnetate.
Infection Rate of Cryptosporidium parvum among Diarrhea Children in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Cryptosporidiosis is an important major cause of enteric parasitic infection among infants and children in developing countries with morbidity and mortality especially among immunocompetent individuals. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of enteric cryptosporidiosis in children presenting with diarrhea in Ibadan. Two-Hundred and Fifty (250) children with diarrhea age1month to 10years, living in urban areas (n-97) and rural area (n- 153). Samples were collected, stained by modified acid stain, and examined microscopically for oocysts. The over all prevalence was 11.2% ( 28 /250). According to age, the prevalence in age groups 1-5years was higher in female 21.9% while male was 15.4% but in age 6-10yrs the prevalence was higher in male 9.3% while female was 6.8%. There is no significant difference (p> 0.5). The prevalence was more in rural areas and in patients ward with 7.2% and 6.8% respectively as compared with urban and out-patients with 4.0% and 4.4% respectively. More so, infections was more prevalent among children in primary schools (15.0%) followed by hose in Day care centres (10.9%) while hose in Post primary schools yielded the least (4.2%) prevalence. There was significant difference as regards school related prevalence rate(p < o.05). Cryptosporidium infection is an important cause of diarrhea in children. Clinicians and medical laboratory scientist should be encouraged to include cryptosporidium spp diagnostic techniques while dealing with diarrhea stool samples in patients especially in young children.
Semantic Indexing of Web Documents Based on Domain Ontology

The first phase of reverse engineering of weboriented applications is the extraction of concepts hidden in HTML pages including tables, lists and forms, or marked in XML documents. In this paper, we present an approach to index semantically these two sources of information (HTML page and XML document) using on the one hand, domain ontology to validate the extracted concepts and on the other hand the similarity measurement between ontology concepts with the aim of enrichment the index. This approach will be conceived in three steps (modeling, attaching and Enrichment) and thereafter, it will be realized and implemented by examples. The obtained results lead to better re-engineering of web applications and subsequently a distinguished improvement in the web structuring.
Asychnronous sampling based hybrid equalizer

A hybrid equalizer architecture based on asynchronous sampling for serial backplane links is described. The equalizer incorporates a continuous-time linear equalizer for the main tap and five digital post-cursor taps combined into a hybrid feed-forward equalizer (FFE) structure. Level-crossing samplers and inverter-based delay lines are used to construct the digital taps. This approach eliminates the need for high-speed clock generation and data recovery. The simulated performance using 40nm CMOS technology demonstrates 3.18 pJ/bit power efficiency while achieving data reception through 30 dB Nyquist insertion loss at 28.57 Gbps NRZ data rate.
Allogeneic-blood stem-cell collection following mobilization with low-dose granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

PURPOSE The optimal dose of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for mobilization of allogeneic-blood stem cells (AlloBSC) has yet to be determined. As part of a prospective trial, 41 related human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors had blood cells mobilized with G-CSF at 5 micrograms/kg/d by subcutaneous administration. The purpose of this trial was to monitor adverse effects during G-CSF administration and stem-cell collection, to determine the optimal timing for stem-cell collection, and to determine the cellular composition of stem-cell products following G-CSF administration. PATIENTS AND METHODS The median donor age was 42 years. Apheresis began on day 4 of G-CSF administration. At least three daily 12-L apheresis collections were performed on each donor. A minimum of 1.0 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (recipient weight) and 8.0 x 10(8) mononuclear cells/kg were collected from each donor. All collections were cryopreserved in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide and 6% hydroxyethyl starch. RESULTS Toxicities associated with G-CSF administration and the apheresis process included myalgias/arthralgias (83%), headache (44%), fever (27%), and chills (22%). The median baseline platelet count of 242 x 10(4)/ mL decreased to 221, 155, and 119 x 10(6)/mL on days 4, 5, and 6 of G-CSF administration, respectively. Median numbers of CD34+ cells in collections 1, 2, and 3 were 1.99, 2.52, and 3.13 x 10(6)/kg, respectively. The percentage and total number of CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+/CD3- cells remained relatively constant during the three collections. Median total numbers of cells were as follows: CD34+, 7.73 x 10(6)/kg; and lymphocytes, 6.93 x 10(8)/kg. CONCLUSION Relatively low doses of G-CSF can mobilize sufficient numbers of AlloBSC safely and efficiently.
The impact of corporate social responsibility on sustainable supply chains: a review of literature

This paper critically analysed the impact of Corporate Social responsibility (CSR) on sustainable supply chains. Also limited reference to Zimbabwe and all the efforts that are being done to comply with this new dispensation of sustainable supply chains was made. However, useful examples from around the world were also explored bring out the impact of CSR on supply chains. The paper made use of literature from textbooks and journals to examine the concept of sustainable supply chains and clearly highlighted the impact of corporate social responsibility on these supply chains. Due to increasing pressures to be competitive in the markets, most companies are turning to international markets for competitive prices and quality for materials. This has however resulted in supply chains becoming more complex especially with the advent of mounding pressures for corporations to be more responsible socially and environmentally. According to Van Weele (2010) the idea of corporate social responsibility “is to develop business solutions in such a way that requirements of the current world population are met without doing harm to the needs of future generations”.
Seamless Handover for LTE Macro-Femto Networks Based on Reactive Data Bicasting

Seamless mobility support is a key technical requirement to motivate the market acceptance of the femtocells. The current 3GPP handover procedure may cause large downlink service interruption time when users move from a macrocell to a femtocell or vice versa due to the data forwarding operation. In this letter, a practical scheme is proposed to enable seamless handover by reactively bicasting the data to both the source cell and the target cell after the handover is actually initiated. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can significantly reduce the downlink service interruption time while still avoiding the packet loss with only limited extra resource requirements compared to the standard 3GPP scheme.
Use of variations in natural nitrogen isotope abundance for environmental studies: a questionable approach.

publication. Several of the Commissioners objected to the inclusion of this vote with the Declaration because they did not consider it official, and this presumably forms the basis for the statement in Mayr et al. (1) concerning the vote. However, the issue was submitted a second time to the Commission, asking if they approved the publication of the vote, and the ballot on this question was 17 to 5 in favor. The comments of the Commissioners as published show a deep schism within the Commission on the validity of the actions taken on this Declaration, and we consider it unfortunate that Mayr and his colleagues have not made this schism clear in their statement because it will be read and acted upon by many who have no access to the Declaration itself. If the opinions of the majority of the Commissioners are to be accepted, one cannot accept the minority opinion expressed by Mayr et al. Mayr et al. state, as if 'a fait accompli, that the Commission cannot repeal Art. 23(b). However, in the history following Declaration 43, it is clear that the legal adviser to the Commission, the Secretary, and some Commissioners do believe that the Commission has the authority to delete or suspend parts of the Code, such as Art. 23(b). The important question for the working taxonomist is, if the Commission does have this authority, did they in fact repeal or suspend Art. 23(b). As defined by Art. 78 of the Code, a Declaration is a provisional amendment to the Code. It is to be issued by the Commission in a case that "involves a situation that is not properly or completely covered by the Code," and this Declaration remains in force until the next succeeding Congress ratifies or rejects it. We believe that the Commission did suspend Art. 23(b) until the next International Congress of Zoology this summer and that zoologists who are seeking to preserve well-established names must apply to the Commission to preserve them under the plenary powers. BRUCE B. COLLETTE DANIEL M. COHEN National Marine Fisheries Service, Systematics Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. 20560 JAMES A. PETERS Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. 20560
Bemisia tabaci-infested tomato plants show phase-specific pattern of photosynthetic gene expression indicative of disrupted electron flow leading to photo-oxidation and plant death

A suppression-subtractive-hybridization (SSH) strategy led to the identification of several genes whose expression was differentially modified in response to different larval phases present during the infestation process of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) by virus-free whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Bt, biotype A). The findings regarding photosynthetic gene expression were in accordance to previous studies reporting altered patterns of expression as a result of insect herbivory. However, the examination, in this study, of four stages of larval Bt development permitted the detection of phase-dependent changes in gene expression which appeared to target specific photosynthetic complexes. Thus, an up-regulation of photosystem II genes in the latter two phases of Bt development contrasted with a general repression of genes belonging to the three other photosynthetic complexes, in addition to a number of genes coding for proteins associated with the oxygen evolving complex and the Calvin cycle. We propose that the contrasting pattern of expression led to an over-excitation of PSII and consequent oxidative damage, as suggested by the concomitant up-regulation of oxidative stress genes, and could have contributed to the wide-spread necrosis observed in Bt-infested tomato plants at late stages of the plant-insect interaction.
Voltage profile improvement in a microgrid including PV units using genetic algorithm

With the increasing concerns on conventional energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions, the energy industry is experiencing fundamental changes. Consequently, more Distributed Energy Resource (DER) and Distributed Generation (DG) units are being connected to the grid. To decrease the transmission losses, many of the DGs are set up locally near the customers. As a result of meteorological variations, the output power generated from green energy, such as photovoltaic, wind power, etc., is variable. So, with increasing penetration of DGs in power systems, a number of challenges are introduced such as, voltage regulation problems. In this paper, the aim is optimal control of distribution voltage using DGs characteristics, such as power factor and distributed installations, such as Step Voltage Regulator (SVR), shunt reactor and capacitor, Load Ratio control Transformer (LRT), and Static VAr Compensator (SVC). To optimize this problem, the genetic algorithm is used. For validation purposes and showing the effectiveness of this method, it is applied to a distribution network model including two DGs.
Validity and reliability of accelerometry in identification of lying, sitting, standing or purposeful activity in adult hospital inpatients recovering from acute or critical illness: a systematic review

Objective: To investigate the validity and reliability of accelerometers to detect lying, sitting and standing postures or purposeful activity in hospitalized adults recovering from acute or critical illness. Data sources: CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, Cochrane Library, PEDro, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscuss were searched from inception to June 2017. Professional networks and reference lists of relevant articles were also searched. The main selection criteria were hospitalized adults with acute or critical illness and studies investigating the validity or reliability of accelerometers to identify body position or purposeful activity. Review methods: Two authors individually assessed study eligibility and independently undertook methodological quality assessment and data extraction from selected articles. A narrative synthesis of the data was undertaken. Results: Fifteen studies, collectively enrolling 385 hospitalized participants, were identified. Populations included stroke, the elderly, acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory disease, abdominal surgery and those recovering from critical illness. Correlations of r = 0.36 to 0.98 and levels of agreement of κ = 0.28 to 0.98 were reported for identification of lying, sitting or standing postures. Correlations of r = 0.4 to 0.8 with general activity were found, with r = 0.94 and 0.96 reported for step count. The reliability of accelerometry measurement was investigated in one study evaluating step count quantification (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99–1.00). Conclusion: The validity of accelerometers to determine lying, sitting and standing postures or quantify purposeful activity within hospitalized acute or critically ill populations is variable. The reliability of accelerometry measurement within this setting remains largely unexplored.
Nonlinear Geometric and Differential Geometric Guidance of UAVs with Vision Sensing for Reactive Obstacle Avoidance

This paper describes the integration of Nonlinear Geometric Guidance and Differential Geometric Guidance with vision sensing for UAV reactive obstacle avoidance as well as waypoint tracking. A 2D passive vision sensor has been applied to sense the surrounding environment in order to detect obstacles and locate destination. An Extended Kalman Filter is developed to estimate the obstacle and target position based on noisy measurements from vision sensor and known system dynamics. The Collision Cone approach is applied in order to detect any incoming collision and calculate an alternate aiming point to avoid it. Once the aiming point is known, one of the two nonlinear guidance laws, Nonlinear Geometric Guidance and Differential Geometric Guidance, have been applied for guidance purpose. The algorithm developed has been validated from a number of simulation studies in threedimensional scenario.
Same bang, fewer bucks: efficient discovery of the cost-influence skyline

Influence maximization aims to find a set of persons in a social network that can be used as seeds for a viral marketing campaign, such that the expected spread of influence is maximized. Standard approaches to this problem produce a single seed set that either maximizes influence, or the “bang for the buck” if the vertices are associated with a cost. In this paper we consider the problem of finding the cost-influence skyline, i.e., the collection of all seed sets that are Pareto optimal w.r. t. seeding cost and expected influence. Computing the cost-influence skyline has a number of advantages over finding a single solution only. First, it provides a better understanding of the trade-off between cost and influence, which enables the user to make an informed choice regarding the budget. Second, by computing the costinfluence skyline we obtain the optimal seed set for any given seeding budget, not only the one that corresponds to singleton solutions found by existing algorithms. In practice, the problem is to discover the skyline w.r. t. two functions spanned by all subsets of size k of a set of vertices. Due to the extremely large number of such subsets, this is a very hard problem. We present an efficient heuristic algorithm for computing the skyline when one of the functions is linear (e.g., the seeding cost) and the other submodular (e.g., expected influence). The experiments show that the cost-influence skyline can be computed in reasonable time for networks with up to a million vertices.
Enhanced content analysis of fraudulent Nigeria electronic mails using e-STAT

A large percentage of fraudulent spam mails are believed to originate from Nigeria or from Nigerians in remote locations. These mails (popularly referred to as 419 spam) come in broad categories but all with the intent of defrauding the recipients'. Testing the validity of senders and receivers address is one method that has been used to filter spam mails. This approach will not filter out ordinary e-mails since typical e-mail users will always include their true e-mail addresses to facilitate replies. Checking the IP-addresses of 419 mails is a way of ascertaining their actual origin. This can be done with the intention to build a database of e-mail abuse or to blacklist addresses from which fraudulent mails are originating keeping in mind that blacklisted IP addresses could be used to stop the delivery of further mails from such addresses in the future. To this end, this research examines features selected specifically from the content analysis of Nigeria spam e-mail. A domain specific statistical content analysis tool (e-STAT) was developed and implemented using Bayesian statistical technique. The software was tested and trained with a sizeable balanced corpus of Nigerian 419 spam e-mails and normal (ham) e-mails. Analysis of classified mails using e-STAT showed that current concept drift patterns among Nigerian 419 spammers and provided a blacklist of about 2,173 e-mail sender's addresses, 563 URLs within spam mails and a total of 13,491 bag-of-words common to Nigerian spam e-mails. The research obtained results that will guide future research in the domain of 419 mails in designing effective spam filters and electronic mail classifiers.
Sequence and properties of pIM13, a macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance plasmid from Bacillus subtilis

We initiated a study of pIM13, a multicopy, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLS) plasmid first isolated from a strain of Bacillus subtilis and described by Mahler and Halvorson (J. Gen. Microbiol. 120:259-263, 1980). The copy number of this plasmid was about 200 in B. subtilis and 30 in Staphylococcus aureus. The MLS resistance determinant of pIM13 was shown to be highly homologous to ermC, an inducible element on the S. aureus plasmid pE194. The product of the pIM13 determinant was similar in size to that of ermC and immunologically cross-reactive with it. The MLS resistance of pIM13 was expressed constitutively. The complete base sequence of pIM13 is presented. The plasmid consisted of 2,246 base pairs and contained two open reading frames that specified products identified in minicell extracts. One was a protein of 16,000 molecular weight, possibly required for replication. The second was the 29,000-molecular-weight MLS resistance methylase. The regulatory region responsible for ermC inducibility was missing from pIM13, explaining its constitutivity. The remainder of the pIM13 MLS determinant was nearly identical to ermC. The ends of the region of homology between pIM13 and pE194 were associated with hyphenated dyad symmetries. A segment partially homologous to one of these termini on pIM13 and also associated with a dyad was found in pUB110 near the end of a region of homology between that plasmid and pBC16. The entire sequence of pIM13 was highly homologous to that of pE5, an inducible MLS resistance plasmid from S. aureus that differs from pIM13 in copy control.
[Photodynamic therapy mediated with 5-aminolevulinic acid for C6 glioma spheroids].

BACKGROUND The photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid is one of the new therapeutic modalities for malignant glioma yet. There has been a controversy as to the mechanism of cell damage in acute phase induced by 5-ALA-mediated PDT. In this study, acute morphological and histological sequelae of 5-ALA-mediated PDT in the C6 spheroid model were examined and the cell damage mechanism in acute phase was discussed. METHODS Various sizes of C6 spheroids were incubated for 4 h in 100 microg/ml of 5-ALA and subsequent by irradiated with a diode laser at various total energies (635+/-5 nm, 5-100 mW/cm2, total light dose 2.5-50 J/cm2). For investigating morphological changes, the spheroid's diameter was measured just before and after PDT. Hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL assays were performed on cryosections of the spheroids after PDT as a histological assessment. Fluorescence microscopic examination was performed using annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI) to distinguish necrosis and apoptosis. Control groups with laser only, ALA only or no treatment were used in comparison. RESULTS All spheroids with 5-ALA-mediated PDT enlarged in their diameters immediately after PDT. They increased light transparency in superficial zone, which indicated cell membrane damage. There were no significant differences in the expansion of spheroids of a same size among the total light doses at 2.5-50 J/cm2. Large spheroids were less expanded by PDT at total light dose 25 J/cm2 as compared with small ones (P<0.01). H.E. staining showed condensed nucleus and cytoplasm in the superficial layer. However, these cells were negative for TUNEL staining. The spheroid after 5-ALA-mediated PDT was apparently densely positive for PI staining. Double stains for PI and annexin V-FITC indicated that positive cells for annexin V-FITC were also positive for PI. Only annexin V-FITC-positive cells were scarcely demonstrated. These findings were not seen in any of control groups. CONCLUSIONS PDT-mediated 5-ALA for experimental glioma using spheroid model in the present in vitro study resulted in rapid and significant cells damage, which indicated acute necrosis just after PDT.