Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applying Automated Vocabulary Extraction and Word Sense Disambiguation in English-Learning Assistance

Learning English is an international trend and how to develop a learning-assistance system that supports effective English learning is an important issue in education. In the traditional way of English learning, learners have to read each word in a text to enhance their reading comprehension. However, in the current era of information technology, the costly and inefficient of learning way fail to meet the needs of learners. Therefore, this study presents an assistance system consisting of three major components: Automated Vocabulary Extraction, Word Sense Disambiguation and Ranking of Vocabulary Frequency, which is called Vocabulary Learning-Assistance System (VLAS). The core functions of the proposed system include three parts: First, it provides the translation of vocabulary based on a Word Sense Disambiguation technique. Second, the system can extract vocabulary in the articles automatically and assign level of the word based on learners’ learned vocabulary and the predefined level of vocabulary. Finally, the system provides the Ranking of Vocabulary Frequency based on term frequency. Through the VLAS, efficiency and effectiveness of vocabulary learning are expected to improve. Experimental results indicate VLAS can significantly reduce cognitive load of the learners.
Hybrid Subspace Identification : An Application To HIV Infection

The aim of the present work is to develop tools that are able to characterize hybrid systems behavior, in particular the PieceWise Linear (PWL) and PieceWise Affine (PWA) models, by detecting the transitions between its different modes following by their state space parameter estimation. In this thesis, three algorithms based on the existing Subspace Model Identification (SMI) algorithms [in particular the Multivariable Output Error State sPace (MOESP)] were developed: one of them adapted from existing literature and two developed for this work. Results from all three algorithms are presented. The tools are then applied to a case study consisting on the evolution of the HIV infection in patients. Through the use of mathematical models that characterize the behavior of the disease, alternate transitions are created between different steady states, considering the effect of the medicines. The results using all three tools are presented and compared for either theoretical cases and the HIV model.
Metagenomic insights into sulfate-reducing bacteria in a revegetated acidic mine wasteland

BackgroundThe widespread occurrence of sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRMs, which are typically considered anaerobic organisms) in temporarily oxic/hypoxic aquatic environments indicates an intriguing possibility that SRMs can prevail in continuously oxic/hypoxic terrestrial environments rich in sulfate. However, little attention has been paid to such a possibility, leading to an incomplete understanding of microorganisms driving terrestrial part of the global sulphur cycle.ResultsIn this study, genome-centric metagenomics was employed to explore SRMs in a revegetated acidic mine wasteland under continuously oxic/hypoxic conditions. We reconstructed 12 Acidobacteria and four Deltaproteobacteria genomes encoding reductive DsrAB, of which five represented three new SRM genera. Our results showed that Acidobacteria-related SRMs differed considerably from Deltaproteobacteria-related SRMs in metabolic potentials. Genomes of Acidobacteria-related SRMs harbored more glycoside hydrolase (GH) genes than those of previously known SRMs. They also tended to encode more oxygen-tolerant hydrogenases and cytochrome c oxidases, but less methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) than genomes of Deltaproteobacteria-related SRMs. More importantly, we discovered that SRM-infecting viruses can contribute to glycoside hydrolysis, chemotaxis and antioxidation of their hosts. Remarkably, one GH encoded by a SRM-infecting virus is responsible for the liberation of rhamnose (a monosaccharide that is accessible directly to SRMs for dissimilatory sulfate reduction) from plant cell-wall-derived oligosaccharides.ConclusionsTaken together, our results do not only improve our understanding of microorganisms driving dissimilatory sulfate reduction in terrestrial environments under continuously oxic/hypoxic conditions but also provides the first evidence for putative roles of viruses in S biogeochemical cycle in terrestrial ecosystems.
Implementation of a biopsychosocial physiotherapy management approach for patients with non-specific chronic low back pain in Ghana: a study protocol for a mixed-methods, sequential, feasibility, pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study

Abstract Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder affecting populations from both low- and middle-income, and high-income countries. Global prevalence of LBP is estimated at 9.4% with prevalence rates substantially higher in low- and middle-income countries notably in Africa (39%). The recommended biopsychosocial model of managing patients with LBP, has been predominantly applied and evaluated in high-income countries, therefore, it is essential to ascertain the feasibility of implementing this approach in low- and middle-income countries including Ghana. Aim To investigate the feasibility of implementing a biopsychosocial physiotherapy management approach (exercise and patient education) for the management of patients with chronic LBP in Ghana. Methods Context: Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Design Mixed-methods, sequential, feasibility, pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study. Physiotherapists will be recruited and trained to deliver the biopsychosocial intervention, followed by recruitment of patients with CLBP. Assessment of outcome measures will be conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-months, focusing on feasibility outcomes including recruitment rate, retention rate, and acceptability of the intervention. Patient demographics and secondary outcomes measures will also be collected. Descriptive statistics will be used to summarize the outcomes data and assess feasibility against a priori feasibility criteria. Finally, qualitative interviews will be conducted to explore participants’ experiences and acceptance through thematic analysis. Discussion This study will investigate the feasibility of implementing a biopsychosocial physiotherapy management approach for patients with CLBP in Ghana. The outcomes will assess the feasibility of the intervention, the appropriateness of outcome measures and inform a future clinical trial.
Metagenomic Analysis of Bacterial Diversity on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Leaves

Microbial communities on or around plants play a major role in plant functioning and vigour. These microbial communities are mainly categorized into three types viz. rhizospheric, phyllospheric and endophytic microbial communities. Rhizospheric microbial communities, associated with root systems, have been extensively studied and best characterized, as they have been shown to be directly involved in crop productivity International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 10 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Manual for BEAR Big Data Ensemble of Adaptations for Regression Version 1 . 0

BEAR is a case-based regression learner tailored for big data processing. It works by applying an ensemble of adaptations for adjusting instance-based estimations, where adaptations are generated automatically by comparing pairs of cases in the local neighborhood of the input query. BEAR builds on previous work on EAR, which has been shown to improve regression accuracy but increase computational cost. BEAR speeds up source case retrieval and adaptation generation by using locality sensitive hashing for case retrieval, making the EAR approach feasible for case bases with several millions of cases on a relatively small cluster. This document reviews BEAR’s foundation and algorithm and provides step by step instructions for building and using BEAR in practice.
Performance of Paddy and Characteristics of a Black Alkali Soils as Affected by Gypsum and Spent Wash with Organic Materials

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is grown on alkali soils as it is moderately sensitive to sodicity. Globally it is grown an area of 155.62 million ha with the production of 461 million t and productivity of 4.09 t/ha. In India it is grown on an area of 44.50 million ha with production of 102.75 million t and productivity of 2.20 t/ha which was low (Thakur et al., 2017). Salt affected area of 800 million ha of land which is 20% of the total arable area and is increasing 1-2% each year (Rehman et al., 2016). In India 6.73 million ha land is salt affected, out of which 2.42 lakh ha area is found in Madhya Pradesh (Mandal et al., 2010).
Comparative Analysis between AIA and DBIA Contract Documents

Integrated Project Delivery has emerged as a popular in project delivery methods in the past decade partially, because construction projects have become more complex with tight budgets and more strenuous schedules. According to the American Institute of Architects (2007), “Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a project delivery approach that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to optimize project results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and construction” (p. 2). IPD integrates project teams in order to take full advantage of the knowledge of all the project’s key stakeholders. In response to this trend the American Institute of Architects (AIA) released a new set of transitional documents in 2008 including A195, B195, and A295, which are geared towards integrated design and construction. Particularly, AIA Document A295, General Conditions of the Contract for Integrated Project Delivery outlines the roles of the Owner, Architect, and Contractor with a number of similarities to the Design-Build Institute of America’s (DBIA) Document No. 535, Standard Form of General Conditions of Contract Between Owner and Design-Builder. While there is very limited information available on whether or not any projects have been completed using one of AIA’s new transitional documents, they have stirred up numerous questions among professionals in the industry in regards to they compare to DBIA, which is widely used set of documents. Thus, the objective of this paper is to compare AIA document 295 and DBIA document 535 to highlight the similarities and differences between the two documents. One of the main findings was that the AIA document is more prescriptive compare with the DBIA document, which is more flexible. This comparison contributes to the body of knowledge by allowing owners to make educated decisions regarding which document to use for their Design-Build projects. In addition, faculty and students will benefit by increasing their understanding about the content of both contract documents. Upon graduation, engineering and construction management students will enter the industry where they will most likely work on this type of projects.
X-Ray Characterization of Real Fuel Sprays for Gasoline Direct Injection

The effects of fuel blend properties on spray and injector performance has been investigated in a side-mount injector for gasoline direct injection (GDI) using two certification fuel blends: Euro 5 and Euro 6. Several X-ray diagnostic techniques were conducted to characterize the injector and spray morphology. Detailed internal geometry of the GDI injector was resolved to 1.8 μm, through the use of hard X-ray tomography. The geometry characterization of this six-hole GDI, side mount injector, quantifies relevant hole and counterbore dimensions and reveals the intricate details within the flow passages, including surface roughness and micron-sized features. Internal valve motion was measured with a temporal resolution of 20 μs and a spatial resolution of 2.0 μs, for three injection pressures and several injector energizing strategies. The needle motion for both fuels exhibits similar lift profiles for common energizing commands. A combination of X-ray radiography and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) was used to characterize the fuel mass distribution and the droplet sizing, respectively. Tomographic spray radiography revealed the near-nozzle distribution of fuel mass for each of the fuels and the asymmetry produced by the angled nozzles. Under evaporative conditions, the two fuels show minor differences in peak fuel mass distribution during steady injection, though both exhibit fluctuations in injection during the early, transient phase. USAXS measurements of the path-specific surface area of the spray indicated lower peak values for the more evaporative conditions in the near nozzle region.
Laguerre-Hermite Pseudo-Spectral Velocity Formulation of Gyrokinetics

First-principles simulations of tokamak turbulence have proven to be of great value in recent decades. We develop a pseudo-spectral velocity formulation of the turbulence equations that smoothly interpolates between the highly efficient but lower resolution 3D gyrofluid representation and the conventional but more expensive 5D gyrokinetic representation. Our formulation is a projection of the nonlinear gyrokinetic equation onto a Laguerre-Hermite velocity-space basis. We discuss issues related to collisions, closures, and entropy. While any collision operator can be used in the formulation, we highlight a model operator that has a particularly sparse Laguerre-Hermite representation, while satisfying conservation laws and the H theorem. Free streaming, magnetic drifts, and nonlinear phase mixing each give rise to closure problems, which we discuss in relation to the instabilities of interest and to free energy conservation. We show that the model is capable of reproducing gyrokinetic results for linear instabilities and zonal flow dynamics. Thus the final model is appropriate for the study of instabilities, turbulence, and transport in a wide range of geometries, including tokamaks and stellarators.
Causes of Intercultural Conflict and its Management Styles Among Students in Sunway University

The purpose of this study is to discover the causes of intercultural conflict and its management styles among Sunway University students. A total of six participants were selected from among different departments at Sunway university. A qualitative method was used to achieve the objectives of this research through in-depth interviews. the causes of intercultural conflict and its management styles were assessed based on intercultural conflict and intercultural conflict management style theory. The participants’ feedback was transcribed and analyzed by using the deductive coding method which identified themes such as intercultural conflict, impact on intercultural conflict on relationships as well as intercultural conflict management styles that comprises of five categories, obliging, dominating, avoiding, compromising and integrating style. The results suggest, misunderstanding, as the main cause of intercultural conflict and it impacts people both positively and negatively depending on the situation. While suggesting avoiding style as the most used style of overcoming intercultural conflict among Sunway university students when it comes to gender, race, religion and cultural issues. The research findings will add to existing work on intercultural conflict and its management styles.
DNA sequencing supports the reinstatement of Pycnolejeunea glauca from synonymy of Cheilolejeunea intertexta, as Cheilolejeunea glauca comb. nov. (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta)

Pycnolejeunea glauca, originally described by Stephani based on a collection in New Zealand by William Colenso, was placed by Grolle into the synonymy of the paleotropical species Cheilolejeunea intertexta with a type from Micronesia. In this study, we generated DNA sequences from a recently-collected sample of P. glauca and compared them with published sequences of C. intertexta from China. Pycnolejeunea glauca was recovered in the phylogenetic analyses as sister to C. nipponica, whereas C. intertexta grouped in another clade with C. vittata and C. streimannii. The analysis justifies the reinstatement of P. glauca as the new combination Cheilolejeunea glauca, a New Zealand endemic. Descriptions and illustrations are provided of key features of this species together with data on its position in the phylogeny of the genus.
SERS detection of microRNA biomarkers for cancer diagnosis using gold-coated paramagnetic nanoparticles to capture SERS-active gold nanoparticles

In this paper, a magnetic-based, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) assay for detection of a cancer-related microRNA biomarker, miR-141, has been developed. The detection is based on hybridization-dependent recognition, in which the miR-141 target sequences were captured by complementary reporter and capture oligonucleotide probes conjugated to Raman-tagged gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and gold-coated paramagnetic nanoparticles (Au@MNPs) respectively. The resultant hybridization complexes, Raman-tagged GNPs/miR-141/Au@MNPs, are retrieved from solution by magnetic pull-down and concentrated within the focus of laser excitation. A signature spectrum for the Raman tag, 5,5′-dithiobis(succinimidyl-2-nitrobenzoate) (DSNB), was observed in concentrated pellets and specific for the miR-141 sequences. The viability of SERS detection has been demonstrated in a microfluidic platform, in which the hybridizations containing dilutions of the miR-141 sequences yielded a reduction in the DSNB spectrum peaks' intensity. The limit of detection (LOD) is estimated to be 100 fM, which is 100-fold lower than the LOD of 10 pM previously reported in a similar magnetic-capture SERS detection of small oligonucleotides using nonplasmonic MNPs. These results indicate that the addition of Au shells to MNPs facilitates the formation of SERS-active junction regions (“hot spots”) with nearby Au contents within the magnetic concentrates, which substantially improves the SERS signal and, therefore, detection sensitivity.
Studies on Callus Induction and in Vitro Production of Secondary Metabolite in Andrographis echioides (L.) NEES

Plant-derived chemicals are valuable sources for a variety of pharmaceuticals, flavors, dyes, oils and resins (Parr, 1988). Many of these commercially valuable phytochemicals are secondary metabolites that are not essential to plant growth, but are produced in small amounts, and often accumulate in specialized tissues, e.g. Trichomes. Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees (Gopuram thanki) is one of the important medicinal plant species belonging to the family Acanthaceae. Justicia echioides L. and Indoneesiella echioides (L.) Sreemadh. are the synonyms of this plant. In the Indian Systems of Medicine predominantly, it is used against blood cancer. The leaf extract is recommended for International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 10 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Supplemental Material for “ Anomalous relaxation and the spin structure factor of XXZ spin chains ”

Sarang Gopalakrishnan, Romain Vasseur, and Brayden Ware 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, CUNY College of Staten Island, Staten Island, NY 10314; Physics Program and Initiative for the Theoretical Sciences, The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY 10016, USA 2 Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA and 3 Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
Communication E cient Multi-processor FFT

Computing the Fast Fourier Transform on a distributed memory architecture by a direct pipelined radix-2 algorithm, a bi-section or multi-section algorithm, all yield the same communications requirement, if communication for all FFT stages can be performed concurrently, the input data is in normal order, and the data allocation consecutive. With a cyclic data allocation, or bit-reversed input data and a consecutive allocation, multi-sectioning o ers a reduced communications requirement by approximately a factor of two. For a consecutive data allocation, normal input order, a decimation-in-time FFT requires that P N + d 2 twiddle factors be stored for P elements distributed evenly over N processors, and the axis subject to transformation distributed over 2 d processors. No communication of twiddle factors is required. The same storage requirements hold for a decimation-in-frequency FFT, bit-reversed input order, and consecutive data allocation. The opposite combination of FFT type and data ordering requires a factor of log 2 N more storage for N processors. The peak performance for a Connection Machine system CM-200 implementation is 12.9 G ops/s in 32-bit precision, and 10.7 G ops/s in 64-bit precision for unordered transforms local to each processor. The corresponding execution rates for ordered transforms are 11.1 G ops/s and 8.5 G ops/s, respectively. For distributed oneand two-dimensional transforms the peak performance for unordered transforms exceeds 5 G ops/s in 32-bit precision, and 3 G ops/s in 64-bit precision. Three-dimensional transforms executes at a slightly lower rate. Distributed ordered transforms executes at a rate of about 1 2 to 2 3 of the unordered transforms.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF EARTHWORM POWDER ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA IN VIVO

This study was carried out in vivo to detect the effect of earthworm powder on the Entamoeba histolytica in white mice. The mice infected with the parasite were inoculated by earthworm powder with a concentration of 200 mg/ml for 11 days, during this period, the faeces were examined daily to observe the change in parasite numbers after inoculating with powder. Results showed that the earthworm powder was effective in reducing parasite numbers in mice gradually and when compared the therapeutic efficacy of the earthworm powder with the metronidazole where it was close (61.5 & 63.1) respectively. Histopathological change was study found that the parasite and metronidazole cause necrosis, infiltration of lymphocyte and mucosal damage and while powder of earthworm effectively in repair the damaged intestinal walls. In addition, there was an increased concentration of sIgA in the intestinal tissue, which was concentrated after 3,7,9 days in the treatment earthworm powder group (4.084 ± 1.29, 2.588 ± 0.82, 2.563 ± 0.81) ng/ml respectively. while in the metronidazole after 3,7,9days 4.057±1.28, 2.553±0.81, 2.528±0.71ng/ml respectively compared with control negative group. Also in the earthworm powder group (none infected) it noted after 3,7,9 days (2.064 ± 0.65, 2.17 ± 0.681.901 ± 0.60) ng/ml respectively, and in positive control group the concentration of IgA was 3.221±1.01, 3.370±1.06, 3.580±1.13ng/ml respectively after 3,7,9 days compared with control negative group.
Optimizing the Erbium Doped Profile to Equalize the Modal Gain in Few Mode Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier

Based on the theoretical model of few mode erbium doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA), the modal gain characteristics of uniform erbium-doped fiber are analyzed and a layered Er doped fiber structure is proposed. By optimizing the Er doped fiber with genetic algorithm, the equalization of four mode groups is realized. The simulation results show that,with 980 nm single-mode pump mode, the average gain of four mode groups can reach 22 dB and different modal gain is less than 0.5 dB at the wavelength of 1550 nm. The flatness of modal spectra is about 2 dB. This not only simplifies both the structure of pump mode and complexity of erbium-doped fiber manufacturing process, but also provides theoretical basis for the further research of realizing the equalization of four mode groups in experiment.