Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New analytical and numerical models of a solar coronal loop - I. Application to forced vertical kink oscillations

Aims. We construct a new analytical model of a solar coronal loop that is embedded in a gravitationally stratified and magnetically confined atmosphere. On the basis of this analytical model, we devise a numerical model of solar coronal loops. We adopt this model to perform the numerical simulations of its vertical kink oscillations excited by an external driver. Methods. Our model of the solar atmosphere is constructed by adopting a realistic temperature distribution and specifying the curved magnetic field lines that constitute a coronal loop. This loop is described by 2D, ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations that are numerically solved by the FLASH code. Results. The vertical kink oscillations are excited by a periodic driver in the vertical component of velocity, which is acting at the top of the photosphere. For this forced driver with its amplitude 3 km s −1 , the excited oscillations exhibit about 1. 2k m s −1 amplitude in their velocity and the loop apex oscillates with an amplitude in displacement of about 100 km. Conclusions. The newly devised analytical model of the coronal loops is utilized for the numerical simulations of the vertical kink oscillations, which match well with the recent observations of decayless kink oscillations excited in solar loops. The model will have further implications on the study of waves and plasma dynamics in coronal loops, revealing physics of energy and mass transport mechanisms in the localized solar atmosphere.
The influence of HR-practices on innovative behaviour and the moderating effect of line manager behaviour

Purpose – This study aims at explaining the effect of HR-practices on innovative behaviour and examining how line manager behaviour moderates this relationship. Findings – The review reveals that HR-practices (teamwork, performance management, rewards, training & development, delegation of responsibilities) can improve employees’ innovative behaviour when designed properly. Moreover, line managers can increase the effect of HR-practices on innovative behaviour by maintaining a high quality relationship with their subordinates. However, line manager behaviour that is expressed in a low quality relationship will impede the effect of HR-practices on innovative behaviour. This means, the effect of HR-practices on innovative behaviour is dependent on line manager behaviour. Practical implications – The importance of line manager behaviour is highlighted as the effect of HR-practices is dependent on line manager behaviour. Line manager behaviour is not only important in this context, as implementer of HRM they always have to be taken into account when investigating the outcome of HRM. Furthermore, organisations have the responsibility to provide a framework which allows high-quality relationships to grow. Thereby, companies can optimise the effectiveness of their HR-practices, ultimately leading to innovative employee behaviour.
Quantum random number generators

In mathematics and computer science, random numbers have the role of a resource for assisting proofs, making cryptography secure, and enabling computational protocols. This role motivates efforts to produce random numbers as a physical process. Potential physical sources abound, but arguably the most fundamental are those based on elementary quantum mechanical processes. This review discusses the current status of devices that generate quantum random numbers.
POINTO - A LOW COST SOLUTION TO POINT CLOUD PROCESSING

Abstract. With advance in technology access to data especially 3D point cloud data becomes more and more an everyday task. 3D point clouds are usually captured with very expensive tools such as 3D laser scanners or very time consuming methods such as photogrammetry. Most of the available softwares for 3D point cloud processing are designed for experts and specialists in this field and are usually very large software packages containing variety of methods and tools. This results in softwares that are usually very expensive to acquire and also very difficult to use. Difficulty of use is caused by complicated user interfaces that is required to accommodate a large list of features. The aim of these complex softwares is to provide a powerful tool for a specific group of specialist. However they are not necessary required by the majority of the up coming average users of point clouds. In addition to complexity and high costs of these softwares they generally rely on expensive and modern hardware and only compatible with one specific operating system. Many point cloud customers are not point cloud processing experts or willing to spend the high acquisition costs of these expensive softwares and hardwares. In this paper we introduce a solution for low cost point cloud processing. Our approach is designed to accommodate the needs of the average point cloud user. To reduce the cost and complexity of software our approach focuses on one functionality at a time in contrast with most available softwares and tools that aim to solve as many problems as possible at the same time. Our simple and user oriented design improve the user experience and empower us to optimize our methods for creation of an efficient software. In this paper we introduce Pointo family as a series of connected softwares to provide easy to use tools with simple design for different point cloud processing requirements. PointoVIEWER and PointoCAD are introduced as the first components of the Pointo family to provide a fast and efficient visualization with the ability to add annotation and documentation to the point clouds.
Trade‐off between light interception efficiency and light use efficiency: implications for species coexistence in one‐sided light competition

Taller plant species can pre‐empt solar energy and suppress growth of subordinate species in vegetation stands, which is described through one‐sided competition. Yet, in much of the world's vegetation species of different statures coexist. This study aims to clarify the mechanisms underlying this apparent paradox. We quantified how co‐occurring species and individuals intercepted and used light for growth in a mature, warm‐temperate evergreen forest. This was performed by determining the 3D distribution of foliage and light with a ground‐based lidar system in combination with nondestructive measurements of plant growth. Taller trees intercepted light more efficiently per unit of above‐ground biomass than shorter trees did (=higher light interception efficiency, LIE). However, taller trees tended to have lower biomass production per unit light interception (=lower light use efficiency, LUE). Reduced LUE in taller trees was associated with their higher biomass allocation to nonphotosynthetic organs and probably with over‐saturated light intensity for photosynthesis at high canopy positions. Due to the increased LIE and decreased LUE with tree heights, a trade‐off between LIE and LUE was found, and this trade‐off resulted in trees of different statures having similar relative growth rates. Synthesis. Light competition drives trees to grow taller, and the light interception efficiency is higher in taller trees; however, this benefit comes at a cost of decreased efficiency of light use for growth. This trade‐off allows trees of different statures to grow at proportionally comparable rates and may promote coexistence of tree species in one‐sided light competition.
Numerical effects on vertical wave propagation in deep‐atmosphere models

Ray‐tracing techniques have been used to investigate numerical effects on the propagation of acoustic and gravity waves in a non‐hydrostatic dynamical core discretized using an Arakawa C‐grid horizontal staggering of variables and a Charney–Phillips vertical staggering of variables with a semi‐implicit timestepping scheme. The space discretization places limits on resolvable wavenumbers, and redirects the group velocity and the propagation of wave energy towards the vertical. The time discretization slows the wave propagation while maintaining the group velocity direction. Wave amplitudes grow exponentially with height due to the decrease in the background density, which can cause instabilities in whole‐atmosphere models. Although molecular viscosity effectively damps the exponential growth of waves above about 150 km, additional numerical damping might be needed to prevent instabilities in the lowermost thermosphere. These results are relevant to the Met Office Unified Model, and provide insight into how the stability of the model may be improved as the model's upper boundary is raised into the thermosphere.
Pseudohyphal growth induced by exposure of yeast cells to subinhibitory levels of antifungal azoles in Candida tropicalis.

Summary: The azole class of compounds kills fungal cells through an inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis resulting in malfunction and breakdown of cell membranes. Subinhibitory levels of these compounds were found bringing about a transition from yeast form to pseudohyphal one in Candida tropicalis, as well as ethanol reported previously. The other classes of inhibitors for ergosterol biosynthesis, terbinafine and amorolfin, also caused the transition. These findings implicated the function of ergosterol for filamentous growth. Although depolarized cell growth was observed to precede filamentation during the process of ethanol-induced pseudohyphal formation in this organism, no distinct depolarization was found to occur during the process induced by these antifungal compounds.
Emergence of HIV drug-resistant mutations in East Indian population after failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy

Introduction: There are limited data on the failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resourcelimited settings. In particular, there have not been any reports on first-line ART failure among patients in eastern India. We review data on the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance among individuals with reported first-line ART failure. Material and methods: Results of genotypic drug resistance testing were obtained from plasma samples of 44 patients who had presented with clinical or immunological failure to treatment after at least six months of ART. Major drug resistance mutations (DRMs) associated with any of the three classes of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), and protease inhibitors (PI) were seen in all patients (100% prevalence). Results: NRTI and NNRTI DRMs were encountered at a frequency of 34 (77.27%) and 15 (34.09%) amongst 44 patients, with M184V (34.09%), T215F (25.0%), and K219E (20.45%) being the most frequent among NRTI associated mutations, and Y188L (18.18%), K103N (6.81%), and A98G (6.81%) among NNRTI associated ones. PI DRMs were observed in 5/44 (11.3%) patients, with V82L, V82S, and I84V being the commonest. Conclusions: These results present a high prevalence of DRMs among ART patients from eastern India with clinical or immunological failure. It is very important to enhance the access of ARV drugs so that their compliance could be improved and hence development of DRMs be minimised. HIV AIDS Rev 2017; 16, 4: 258-264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2017. 72027
POST-FLEDGING AREAS IN NORTHERN GOSHAWK HOME RANGES

In 1984, 1986 and 1988, we studied the movement patterns of eight (4 in 1984, 2 in 1986, 2 in 1988) Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) nesting in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico to estimate nesting season home range size and identify areas of concentrated use, particularly those areas used by the family after fledging until the young are independent (post-fledging areas (PFAs)). Female home ranges were significantly (P = 0.025) smaller (8 = 569.3 f 473.1 ha (SD); N = 5) than male range sizes (ii = 2 106.3 & 634.5 ha; N = 3). Core areas were approximately 32% of the home range area (x = 348.2 + 321.6 ha). Female core areas were significantly (P = 0.025) smaller (ii = 167.9 ? 128.5 ha) than male core areas (ji: = 648.7 -t 334.9 ha). We monitored the movement patterns of 16 juveniles from six nests that were fitted with transmitters at 2 1 days of age during 1992. During the early fledgling-dependency period (week l-4 after fledging) 88.1% of the juveniles' locations (N = 193) occurred within 200 m of the nest and 99.5% of the locations occurred within 800 m of the nest. However, during the last four weeks of the fledgling-dependency period only 34.3% of the locations (N = 108) were within 200 m and 75.9% of the locations were within 800 m of the nest (a 167.9-ha circle would have a radius of 73 1.5 m). These observations support the existence of a PFA in north-central New Mexico and suggest that nesting habitat include both the nest site and a PFA.
AVERAGE CONSENSUS IN SYMMETRIC NONLINEAR MULTI-AGENT NETWORKS WITH NON-HOMOGENEOUS DELAYS.

We study nonlinear continuous-time decentralized consensus algorithms with delayed couplings for networks of single-order agents. The network topology is undirected and may switch and the couplings may be nonlinear and uncertain, but supposed to satisfy conventional sector conditions. Using the absolute stability methods, we obtain effective condition for convergence of such consensus protocols, given that the network graph is uniformly connected.
ASYMPTOTICITY AND SEMIMODULARITY IN PROJECTION LATTICES

In this note it is shown that every von Neumann algebra has a semi modular projection lattice. The notions of a dual modular pair of projections and nonasymptoticity, which were shown by Mackey to coincide in a type ITM factor, are compared globally. A von Neumann algebra containing no asymptotic pairs of projections is characterized as the direct-sum of an abelian algebra and a finitedimensional algebra.
Heterologous Expression of a Human Cap-Binding Protein eIF4E in Escherichia coli

A crucial step in the initiation of cap dependent translation of eukaryotic mRNA is the interaction of the mRNA cap-binding protein, eIF4E, with eIF4G, two integral components of the mRNA cap-binding complex. The present study was aimed to express human eIF4E at high level in E. coli . For high-level expression, the E. coli cells were first transformed with an expression vector that contains the cloned gene, human eIF4E. Following transformation, the recombinant plasmid was purified and stepwise digestion of the recombinant plasmid revealed that the plasmid was harboring an insert, equal to the length of the eIF4E gene. As the vector contained a heat-inducible promoter, high-level expression of human eIF4E was carried out by heat induction at 42°C. Expression of recombinant protein was observed by comparing the cell extracts collected before and after heat induction and their subsequent analysis on a denatured polyacrylamide gel. The appearance of a 24-kDa protein following induction of transformed cells confirmed the expression of the cloned gene, human eIF4E. Key words: Translation initiation, cap-binding protein, eIF4E Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.5(1-2) 2006 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website
IS PREDATION BY TURTLES SUFFICIENTLY STRONG TO AFFECT BIODIVERSITY WITHIN FISHLESS PONDS

Ecologists have long known that predation can have a strong effect on the diversity and abundance of prey in ecological communities. Much evidence on the importance of predation in aquatic systems has stemmed from studies involving manipulations of abundance or occurrence of predator species thought to play an important role. In freshwater aquatic systems fish often are considered as the most important predators in permanent ponds; in contrast salamanders and insects are often considered to be the most important predators in ephemeral ponds. Freshwater turtles are a group that often is overlooked in studies assessing the importance of predation yet turtles often are locally abundant and can consume a wide array of prey species. I conducted an exclosure experiment in a fishless ephemeral pond to assess whether turtles play an important role in controlling the distribution and abundance of amphibian and invertebrate prey. The ability of turtles to access and feed in certain experimental plots but not others did not alter the number of prey species present within study plots or the evenness of prey species present within study plots. A comparison of species accumulation curves revealed that turtles tended to reduce the total number of prey species found across all study plots where turtles had the ability to feed. Areas in which turtles were excluded had higher total number of prey species across all study plots. I found that scale dependent differences in the effect of turtles on species richness are the result of turtles homogenizing the kinds of prey species present in areas where they could graze. My results demonstrate that turtles may have an important effect on the diversity within fishless ponds possibly by homogenizing species composition of different localities.
Did Government Intervention on Firm’s Employment Policies Have an Effect on the Employment of Elderly Workers?

This paper analyzes whether government intervention on firms’ employment policies have an effect on the employment of the elderly. As a result of the pensionable age increasing in Japan, this policy makes a di↵erence between the mandatory retirement age and the pensionable age. The Japanese government has obliged firms to employ elderly workers until they reach the pensionable age. According to literature, the labor force participation rate of elderly male workers increased after the implementation of this policy. However, according to this paper’s results, after omitting the unobserved heterogeneity and controlling for worker demographics, there is no effect on the employ- ment of the elderly workers. Consequently, this paper discusses why the government intervention in the demand side of the elderly labor market has no effect on elderly employment. According to this discussion, it is possible that a firm avoids the costs from employing the elderly by using measures that are not illegal, while following the directives of the law.
A Pioneering Perusal of Mimo- OFDM Realy Guesstimate Disposition

A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system combined with the orthogonal frequency partition multiplexing (OFDM) modulation technique can achieve reliable high data rate show over broadband wireless channels. Channel state information for both single-input single-output (SISO) and MIMO systems based on pilot aided arrangement is investigated in this paper. The estimate of channel at pilot frequencies with conventional Least Square (LS) and Minimum Mean Square (MMSE) estimation algorithms is carried out through Matlab simulation. For outdoor communicationscenarios, where wireless channels are sparse in nature, pathinterruptions of different transmit-receive antenna couples share a jointsparse decoration due to the spatial correlation of MIMO channels.By simultaneously exploiting those MIMOchannel characteristics, the proposed scheme performs better thanpresent state-of-the-art systems. Furthermore, by joint processingof signals associated with different antennas, the pilot overheadcan be reduced the performance of MIMO OFDM and SISO OFDM are assessed on the basis of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Mean Square Error (MSE) level. Further enhancement of presentation can be attained through maximum diversity Space Time Block Coding and Maximum Likelihood Detection at transmission and reception ends respectively. MMSE estimation has been shown to perform much better than LS but is more complex than LS for the MIMO system using pilot carriers.
Seasonal patterns of the bacterioplankton community composition in a large mesotrophic lake

The composition of the bacterioplankton community in mesotrophic Lake Constance was studied from April 1996 to December 1997 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with group specific oligonucleotide probes and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Between 10 and 59% of the DAPI-stained cells were detected as Bacteria with means of 38 ± 12, 27 ± 10 and 23 ± 6 % 3, 20, and 50 m depth, respectively. In the euphotic zone at 3 m depth, β-Proteobacteria always constituted highest proportions of the bacterial community detected by FISH and constituted 6 to 23% of the DAPI-stained cells with a mean of 12%. Proportions of bacteria belonging to the Cytophaga/Flavobacteria (CF) cluster and the α-Proteobacteria at this depth were 5.4 ± 2.5 and 4.1 ± 3.5 %, respectively. Proportions of β-Proteobacteria decreased at 20 and 50 m, whereas that of β-Proteobacteria remained constant and that of the CF-cluster increased to 7.4 %, such that they comprised similar proportions as β-Proteobacteria at 50 m depth. γ-Proteobacteria were always of minor importance and constituted only 2.2 ± 1.3 %the DAPI cell counts. Cumulative proportions of all detected bacterial groups constituted 75% of the Bacteria counts at 3 m, 84% at 20 m and 99% at 50 m. The DGGE analysis of the bacterioplankton community showed seasonal and vertical variations of the banding patterns even though several bands occurred throughout the study period and at all depths. A cluster analysis revealed distinct bacterial clusters of the phytoplankton spring bloom and the later period and of epilimnetic and hypolimnetic waters. The sequence analysis of the excised bands indicated that all groups which were detected by FISH were represented in the patterns. Sequence similarities of the retrieved sequences to known isolates were <90 to 96.1%, and to other phylotypes as close as 99%. Phylotypes of β-Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria of the typical banding patterns affiliated closely with recently described clusters of typical freshwater bacteria. In addition, we identified phylotypes of the Holophaga/Acidobacterium and Ni-trospira phylum during the stratified period in samples from 50 m and during mixing from all 3 depths.
Dynamics of microbial communities in an integrated ultrafiltration–reverse osmosis desalination pilot plant located at the Arabian Gulf

AbstractThis study demonstrated the use of high-throughput sequencing to assess the efficacy of an integrated ultrafiltration (UF)–reverse osmosis (RO) desalination pilot plant located at the Arabian Gulf, and to identify potential microbial-associated problems that may arise in this plant. When integrated into the desalination treatment system, the UF membranes were able to serve as a good pretreatment strategy to delay RO fouling by achieving up to 1.96-log removal of cells from the seawater. Consequently, the differential pressure of the RO membrane remained around 1 bar for the entire six-month study, suggesting no significant biofouling performance issue identified for this RO system. Examples of microbial populations effectively removed by the UF membranes from the feed waters included Nitrosoarchaeum limnia and phototrophic eukaryotes. Microbial-associated problems observed in this pilot plant included the presence of Pseudomonas spp. in coexistence with Desulfovibrio spp. These two bacterial popul.