Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caryota urens: value addition, nutritional and medicinal values

Caryota urens which is commonly known as Kithul, is a multipurpose and underutilized palm mainly distributed in Asia. Due to its numerous applications, it has been considered an important plant that ensures the livelihood of the village people in Sri Lanka. Thus, this article reviews the nutritional and medicinal values of kithul palm and its value-added products. Kithul sap is widely used in the production of kithul treacle and jaggery due to its high amount of sugar content. Kithul seed oil is high in palmitic and oleic acid and is a good source of biofuels. Kithul fruit has skin-irritating nature due to the presence of oxalic acid, and also it contains anti-nutritional substances such as phytate, tannin and saponin. Different parts of Kithul palm such as leaves, flowers, fruit, sap is rich in antioxidants, anti -inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-diabetic properties due to the existence of flavonoids, glycosides like phytochemicals. Low gelatinization temperature has identified Kithul flour as a good gelling agent, stabilizer and thickener. Owning to its low Glycemic Index, kithul flour has become beneficial for people suffering from diabetics. Thus, valueadded products like biscuits, noodles, bread, muffin, rotti, porridge, dessert, yoghurt are identified as potential products that must be commercialized with more investigations.
Extended Abstract: Don't Take the Bait: Users’ Engagement with Clickbait and Its Effect on Editorial Considerations

The content overflow characterizing the information environment on social network sites (SNS) demands that news publishers compete for audience attention. As part of this competition, several tactics have been adopted by news editors (Molyneux & Coddington, 2020). Prominent among them is the clickbait headline (Bazaco, 2019; Beleslin et al., 2017; Mukherjee et al., 2019; Orosa, 2017). According to the Oxford English Dictionary, clickbait headlines are “(On the Internet) content whose main purpose is to attract attention and encourage visitors to click on a link to a particular web page,” (“Clickbait” in Oxford English Dictionary, n.d), usually by using catchy, exaggerated, exciting, and sensational headlines, in order to maintain and exploit users’ curiosity gap (Thiel, 2018).
Reproductive Aspects of Areolate Grouper ( Epinephelus areolatus , Forsskal, 1775) from the Saudi Coast of Arabian Gulf

- The increasing demand for fish and the declining supply anywhere in the world propelled aquaculture as an alternative source. In Saudi Arabia, despite the scarce resources, aquaculture production has been growing by volume and diversification of culture is taking place. The Areolate grouper, Epinephelus areolatus is one potential species, however, its full-cycle mariculture is not yet established. Thus, this study was conceptualized. The paper aimed to determine the reproductive aspects of E. areolatus from the Arabian Gulf. A total of 355 samples of E. areolatus collected over the 12-month sampling period revealed high proportions of females in the sample were observed throughout the year and in size class. Spawning individuals were found throughout the year, however, more pronounced during January to June. Males (29.3 cm, 358.44 g) were observed to be bigger and heavier than females (28.8 cm, 326.66 g). Minimum size observed at maturity was 27.0 and 19.1 cm for male and female, respectively. Female gonado-somatic index of 2.31 is highest during April which is an indication of peak spawning activity. The mean fecundity is 3,440,426 per spawn or 237,443 per gram of ovary for size class between 22.8 – 46.3 centimeters length and 196.84 – 1172.50 grams weight. The relationship between fecundity and the variables length, weight, eviscerated weight and gonad weight revealed positive correlations with p-value less than 0.0000 implying significant correlation among variables. Similarly, fecundity increases as gonado-somatic index increases. Despite the 20.77% variation in fecundity accounted to gonado-somatic index, significant relationship was observed at p-value of 0.0031.
MEDIATING ROLE OF CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA’S REGULATIONS ON THE AGENT BANKING AND MOBILE PAYMENT SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGIES IN NIGERIA

The study explores the mediating role of CBN’s regulations on the agent banking andmobile payment sustainability strategies in Nigeria. The arguments are that agent banking decomposed as separation of ownership and control; risk preference; information asymmetry and moral hazards would enhance the sustainability of the strategies in some cases but would enhance it better if there were regulations. To this effect, an electronic survey was carried out via WhatsApp on a total of 745 registered agent banks in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Only 268 registered agent banks responded to the questionnaire, and the data gathered were analyzed using the Hayes’ mediation model. The findings indicated that separation of ownership and control enhances the sustainability of the strategies (β = 0.169); information asymmetry enhances the sustainability of the strategies as well (β = 0.319); risk preference does not enhance the sustainability of the strategies (β = -0.114) and moral hazards do not enhance the sustainability strategies as well (β = -0.106). However, when combined with regulations, there were improvements in the effects: separation of ownership and control and sustainability through regulations (c 1 = 0.305); information asymmetry and sustainability through regulations (c 3 = 0.339); risk preference and sustainability through regulations (c 2 = -0.197); and moral hazard and sustainability through regulations (c 4 = -0.179). The paper recommends that commercial banks should to adopt policies that reduce risk preference and moral hazards, agent banks should maintain separation of ownership and control and information asymmetry, while the CBN must continue to regulate and provide favorable policies to support agent banking in Nigeria.
The Environmental Impact of ‘Superfoods’: A Space for Debate and Joint Reflection

: This paper aims to provide an overview of the environmental impacts of superfoods. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was conducted to find articles developing the life cycle assessment of four of the most popular superfoods (quinoa, chia, spirulina, and kale), as well as identify potential future environmental challenges. The main outcomes reveal that, with the limited information currently available, it cannot justifiably be claimed that superfoods present environmental benefits compared to traditional products, and the impacts will increase in a medium to long term due to the change of current agricultural systems into intensive commercially oriented systems caused by the growth of demand.
The Inexorable Recoveries of Unemployment

IZA. on policy, IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. of our Our key to between academic policymakers ABSTRACT Unemployment recoveries in the US have been inexorable. Between 1948 and 2019, the annual reduction in the unemployment rate during cyclical recoveries was fairly tightly distributed around 0.1 log points per year. The economy seems to have an irresistible force toward restoring full employment. In the aftermath of a recession, unless another crisis intervenes, unemployment continues to glide down. Occasionally, unemployment rises rapidly during an economic crisis, while most of the time, unemployment declines slowly and smoothly at a near-constant proportional rate. We show that similar properties hold for other measures of the US unemployment rate and for the unemployment rates of many other emerging and advanced countries. year. We document this regularity within the two main statistical approaches to business-cycle analysis and measurement: (1) construction of a chronology of turning points, and (2) estimation of a Markov regime-switching model. We also show that measures of US unemployment extended to include discouraged workers and others, not counted in the labor force, display the same
( ) Review Paper (Scientific Review: Viruses) Viruses, Viroids and Phytoplasmas Reported to Infect Fruit Trees in Syria: A Review Viroids and Phytoplasmas Reported to Infect Fruit Trees in Syria: A Review.

Ismaeil, F. and J. Mando. 2022. Viruses, In Syria, like most Mediterranean countries, fruit trees industry is considered one of the most important sectors among all Syrian agriculture sectors. Many fruit tree species are grown in Syria since a long time and they are adapted to the local environmental conditions in the country which is a Mediterranean climate. Syria is rich in growing many local varieties of fruit tree species which represent considerable and important genetic resources of fruit tree species all over the world. As most plant species, fruit trees are affected by many biotic and abiotic disease stress factors. Among the biotic factors, viruses, viroids and phytoplasmas are among the most important factors which can cause serious diseases on several fruit tree species. Since the early 1980s, many virus, viroid and phytoplasma diseases were investigated and reported on many fruit tree species grown in Syria such as olive, stone fruits, grapevine, pome fruits, citrus, fig, walnut and pecan. Many surveys were previously conducted to evaluate the sanitary status of these fruit tree species focusing on the occurrence of these pathogens in Syria. Assessment of the sanitary status of these fruit trees, and detection of those pathogens was carried out using the appropriate and available detection methods such as biological, serological and molecular techniques. leafspot The results showed that a total of 118 stone varieties representing 59.2% of tested trees, With the for sour cherry, plum and of stone fruit including apricot, with the five tested PDV was the most virus with 18.8% rate the tested trees, ApMV PPV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), sap transmission to herbaceous hosts, biological indexing on the woody indicator plants: Prunus persica cv. GF305 P. serrulata cv. and dot plot hybridization. A total of samples representing 444 apricots, 283 peach cherries, 222 almonds and plum trees by The mean infection rate
KIWIFRUIT (ACTINIDIA SPP.) PHENOLOGICAL GROWTH STAGES IN SOUTHERN ROMANIAN CLIMATE ACCORDING TO THE BBCH SCALE

The aim of this paper is to present the phenological growth stages of two kiwifruit cultivars (Hayward and Bruno) and some Romanian intra and interspecific Actinidia hybrids. The experimental field was established in 2000. The plants were grown on a T-bar trellis system, under an organic orchard management. The inter row surface was covered with a mixture of perennial grasses and along the row, the soil was kept clean. Drip irrigation and micro spray irrigation system was provided. The phenological growth stages were described in the environmental conditions of Romanian plain (Bucharest area), according to the BBCH General Scale (Meier, 2001) and the nomenclature that has been used for Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’ (Salinero et al., 2009). Data were recorded during two consecutive growing seasons (2018 -2019). Kiwi is a relative new fruit specie in Romania and the descriptions of principal growth stages for bud, leaf and shoot development, inflorescence emergence, flowering, fruit development, fruit maturity and plant senescence can improve some horticultural practices and operations on kiwifruit orchard management (such as pruning, girdling, pollination techniques, frost protection, fertilization, irrigation etc.).
Sources of Transportation Accident Information

Accident investigation reports and related documents provide a wealth of information for rail professionals, even across different modes of transportation. This information can be used to improve operations, maintenance, safety, training, and emergency response. It can also guide the procurement and design of new equipment and infrastructure. At the same time, the historical nature of the information as well as the volume available and variety of sources can be a barrier to effective use. This paper will provide an introduction to some of the sources of transportation accident data and reports, including the variety of topic-specific information and special reports that are available. The discussion will include less-considered sources of accident information including foreign transportation safety boards as well as specialized federal and state agencies. Accidents that were investigated and reported on by more than one organization are also discussed. © 2016 ASME
Case-based robotic architecture with multiple underlying ethical frameworks for human-robot interaction

As robots are becoming more intelligent and more commonly used, it is critical for robots to behave ethically in human-robot interactions. However, there is a lack of agreement on a correct moral theory to guide human behavior, let alone robots. This paper introduces a robotic architecture that leverages cases drawn from different ethical frameworks to guide the ethical decision-making process and select the appropriate robotic action based on the specific situation. We also present an architecture implementation design used on a pill sorting task for older adults, where the robot needs to decide if it is appropriate to provide false encouragement so that the adults continue to be engaged in the training task.
Components and Computational Modules for Knowledge Mapping: A Case of Spatial Knowledge

— This paper presents the research results from an extended case study and implementation for the identiﬁcation and spatial mapping of arbitrary non-georeferenced input data entities. The implemented components and methods are based on the methodology of knowledge mapping. The methodology enables to implement and realise methods for the creation of new context for objects and entities, e.g., creating support for the tasks of knowledge mining and decision making. The focus of the methodology is the mapping of knowledge and its facilities of creating substantially different practical method implementations for identical input objects while aiming on comparable tasks. The main goal of these case studies and implementations is to demonstrate how to create two different automatable methods for knowledge mapping to be applied on each input object, based on a functional architecture of sustainable long-term multi-disciplinary knowledge resources and components, which provide support for a wide range of ﬂexibility for knowledge mapping and different computational solutions. The implementation cases are based on automated computational cases of spatial visualisation. In addition, the results from any of these realisations are used to further valorise new knowledge and continuously improve the contributing long-term knowledge resources.
Increasing the bandwidth of a SiGe HBT LNA with minimum impact on noise figure

This paper introduces a matching technique for highly sensitive integrated broadband low‐noise amplifiers. Noise matching is achieved by the paralleling of identical input transistors. Impedance matching, based on reducing the number of components to the absolute minimum, is done by using the base‐collector capacitance as network element. Using a 0.13 μ m silicon‐germanium (SiGe) bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor process, simulation results indicate a maximum noise figure of 0.462 dB at room temperature and a return loss better than 10 dB from 300 MHz to 1.4 GHz. The technique demonstrates that SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors can be used for cost‐effective applications in radio astronomy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1937–1945, 2016
HLHS: Power of the Chick Model

Background: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a rare but deadly form of human congenital heart disease, most likely of diverse etiologies. Hemodynamic alterations such as those resulting from premature foramen ovale closure or aortic stenosis are among the possible pathways. Methods: The information gained from studies performed in the chick model of HLHS is reviewed. Altered hemodynamics leads to a decrease in myocyte proliferation causing hypoplasia of the left heart structures and their functional changes. Conclusions: Although the chick phenocopy of HLHS caused by left atrial ligation is certainly not representative of all the possible etiologies, it provides many useful hints regarding the plasticity of the genetically normal developing myocardium under altered hemodynamic loading leading to the HLHS phenotype, and even suggestions on some potential strategies for prenatal repair.
GENDER ANALYSIS OF GROSS MARGIN AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY IN IRISH POTATO VALUE CHAIN: CASE STUDY OF KINANGOP SUB COUNTY, RESEARCH SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE IN ECONOMICS

Irish Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L .) is a very important food crop grown in Kenya mostly by small farm holders. Kenya has made concerted effort to improve agricultural productivity and to lower gender gaps in agriculture. In improving production however, men and women have been considered average farmers yet gender differences in regard to opportunities and constraints abound. This study analyzed gender differences in gross margins and technical efficiency in Irish potato value chain in Kinangop sub County. Data from a gender disaggregated sample of 288 farmers, 99 traders and 39 processors drawn from the production and marketing levels of potato value chains was collected using questionnaires. Data was then analyzed using gross margin and stochastic production frontier analysis. Findings reveal that women in agriculture were more marginalized than men. At the production level, they had lower gross margins of Ksh 5907 compared to men who had Ksh 9240. At the marketing levels, women are mainly small scale retailers whereas men are mainly wholesalers. In comparing gross margins across actors, farmers had the lowest gross margins of Ksh 7585 and processors realized the highest gross margins of Ksh 63513 on average. In terms of technical efficiency, female farmers are less technical efficient at 0.49 compared to their male counterparts who were 0.54 technical efficient. Stakeholders and policy makers should not only strive to focus on promoting efficiency and productivity but also focus on policies that strengthen market access especially at farmer level. Women should be highly integrated into agricultural programs through trainings and capacity building to help them enhance their efficiency, productivity and access to market for produce and hence improved earnings. size study
Investigation Self Image Congruity and Restaurant Evaluation on Behavioural Intention Perspective Self Congruence Theory

Self-image congruence is recognized as an essential construct in explaining and predicting various aspects of consumer behavior. This study aims to analyze the impact of self-image congruity and restaurant evaluation on behavioral intention to return to the restaurant. This research will use a quantitative descriptive research method. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 136 respondents using convenience sampling. The statistical analysis is based on SmartPLS. Partial Least Square (PLS) path modeling was used to test the hypotheses. The result shows that self-image congruity and restaurant evaluation have a positive significance to behavioral intention. Restaurants are one of the most popular places for new hospitality entrepreneurs to start. This research has practical implications for designing successful marketing communications for different Japanese restaurant segments based on customers' perceptions of self-image congruity. increase transparency for the goal of revisiting customers. We suggest a theoretical paradigm based on the TPB model, suggesting that the original TPB model's three determinants explicitly influence behavioral purpose. By incorporating restaurant evaluations into our research, we hope to better understand the behavioral intention forming process. A business in the food and beverage industry, according to Setiawan is one of the booming today. People today do not regard food as only one the many attributes unlike a manufacturing-based business, is a service-based business. One of the most crucial restaurant industry considerations for attracting is good service quality.
Proﬁtability Determinants of Unlisted Renewable Energy Companies in Germany—A Longitudinal Analysis of Financial Accounts

: The ﬁght against a climate crisis has urged nations and the global community to cut emissions and to deﬁne ambitious environmental goals. This has highlighted the importance of the renewable energy (RE) industry. Germany has been one of the most active countries in RE adoption. In this vein, the purpose of this research is to study and identify key proﬁtability determinants of unlisted German electricity-producing RE-companies, many of which have been supported by the German Feed-in Tariff (FIT). A multi-year analysis based on panel data from 783 companies for the years 2010–2018 is used. The results show that both company- and industry-speciﬁc proﬁtability determinants are statistically signiﬁcant, but the company-speciﬁc determinants seem to be more important. The results shed new light on what drives the proﬁtability of private German RE companies during the period of ﬁnancial aid from the government and are of use to managers, regulators and investors alike, e.g., when the effects of different regulatory climates and industry environments, as well as states of business life cycle are considered. Furthermore, the implications of this study have wider environmental and economic importance as the performance of the RE companies is critical in achieving the emission targets of the energy industry and ensuring a more sustainable energy production for the future.
Causal Inference - A Probabilistic Modelling Perspective

The topic of causality has caused heated debates within the machine learning and statistics communities. Following the release of “the Book of Why” [1], many have come to question how the methods advocated in the book relate to pre-existing approaches in those ﬁelds. For instance, many dispute whether one needs a bespoke set of tools, such as the do -notation or the do -calculus, to tackle causal problems. In this note, we attempt to get to the bottom of these questions, and present a clear view on how causal inference problems can be approached using machine learning techniques. To this end, we introduce the general concepts of causal inference from a probabilistic modelling perspective, link methods developed under the umbrella of causal inference to those familiar to the machine learning audience, and clarify various claims about the insufﬁciencies of machine learning methods for tackling causal inference problems
Thrombus characteristics evaluated by acute optical coherence tomography in ST elevation myocardial Infarction

Aims ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is caused by an occlusive thrombosis of a coronary artery. We wanted to assess if the thrombus can be characterized according to erythrocyte content and age using intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a clinical setting. Methods and results We performed manual thrombus aspiration in 66 STEMI patients. OCT was done of the thrombus remnants after aspiration. A light intensity ratio was measured through the thrombus. Forty two of the aspirates had thrombus which could be analyzed histomorphologically for analysis of erythrocyte and platelet content, and to determine the age of thrombus as fresh, lytic or organized. There were 11 red, 21 white and 10 mixed thrombi. Furthermore, 36 aspirates had elements of fresh, 7 of lytic and 8 of organized thrombi. There was no correlation between colour and age. OCT appearance could not predict erythrocyte or platelet content. The light intensity ratios were not significantly different in fresh, lytic or organized thrombi. Conclusion OCT could not differentiate between red and white thrombi, nor determine thrombus age.