Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening donated blood for transfusion-transmissible infections, recommendations

United States of America. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC. permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: permissions@who.int). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use.
Formulation and Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Oral Gel Containing Miconazole Nitrate for Oral Candidiasis

The study mucoadhesive oral gels, releasing topical drugs in the oral cavity at a slow and predetermined rate, provide distinct advantages over traditional dosage forms for treatment of oral candidiasis. Miconazole nitrate (MN) is a broad spectrum antifungal agent preferred in the treatment of oral candidiasis. In the present study, mucoadhesive oral gels of MN were prepared with carbopol 934P in combination with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, poloxamer 407, two different grades of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (50cps and 1500cps) and two different grades of hydroxy ethyl cellulose (145mPas and 270mPas). The prepared formulations were characterized in terms of drug content, pH, spreadability, viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, in vitro release and in vitro antifungal activity and compared with marketed MN gel. The surface pH values of all the gels were in the range of 6.59 ± 0.06 to 6.84 ± 0.07. All the formulations showed acceptable spreadability ranging from 4.56 ± 0.05 to 7.53 ± 0.25 cm and mucoadhesive strength of 3760.59 ± 3.2 to 6499.36 ± 4.7 dynes/cm2. The prepared gels exhibited shear thinning behaviour which is suitable for topical preparations. During in vitro drug release studies, formulations were successful in sustaining the release for 6h to more than 7h. Furthermore, the in vitro antifungal activity of the formulated mucoadhesive gels was significantly (p<0.05) higher to the reference marketed MN gel. The drug release mechanism was found to follow Fickian diffusion. On the basis of the obtained data, the mucoadhesive gel formulation which was prepared with 1% w/w hydroxy ethyl cellulose (270mPas) was determined as the most appropriate formulation for buccal application in means of possessing suitable physical properties, high mucoadhesion and favourable in vitro release pattern.
Interactions between multiple seam longwall and room-and-pillar operations : a cse study in Boone County, WV

In order to reduce waste and imprcwe resource conservation, mine planning, and development, the U.S. Bureau of Mines is investigating the effects of multiple seam interactions associated with longwall coal mining. Field investigations were conducted at a mine located in Boone County, WV, where a longwall panel was operating subjacent to room-and-pillar workings in an overlying seam. To assess the effects of overlying workings on longwall headgate stability, the Bureau gathered various geotechnical information at this minesite. Headgate pillars and entries were instrumented and monitored to·study their behavior during side-abutment loading as the longwall panel approached and passed beneath the overlying room-and-pillar developments. The two operations are separated by 800 ft ofinterburden, and although interactions between operations separated by this distance are uncommon, geomechanical measurements indicate the occurrence of an interaction. These measurements show that convergence on the headgate entries was most adverse subjacent to barrier pillars in the overlying mine. Pillar measurements indicate that side-abutment pressure increases were slightly greater than predicted values. Several factors related to both geology and mine design, believed responsible for this large interactive distance, are discussed.
Coupling Natural Hazard Estimates with Road Network Analysis to Assess Vulnerability and Risk: Case Study of Freetown (Sierra Leone)

Many of the world’s most disaster-prone cities are also the most difficult to model and plan. Their high vulnerability to natural hazards is often defined by low levels of economic resources, data scarcity, and limited professional expertise. As the frequency and severity of natural disasters threaten to increase with climate change, and as cities sprawl and densify in hazardous areas, better decision-making tools are needed to mitigate the effects of near- and long-term extreme events. We use mostly public data from landslide and flooding events in 2017 in Freetown, Sierra Leone to simulate the events’ impact on transportation infrastructure and continue to simulate alternative high-risk disasters. From this, we propose a replicable framework that combines natural hazard estimates with road network vulnerability analysis for data-scarce environments. Freetown’s most central road intersections and transects are identified, particularly those that are both prone to serviceability loss due to natural hazard and whose disruption would cause the most severe immediate consequences on the entire road supply in terms of connectivity. Variations in possible road use are also tested in areas with potential road improvements, pointing to opportunities to harden infrastructure or reinforce redundancy in strategic transects of the road network. This method furthers network science’s contributions to transportation resilience under hydrometeorological hazard and climate change threats with the goal of informing investments and improving decision-making on transportation infrastructure in data-scarce environments.
A Generalized Frequency Domain Reflectometry Modeling Technique for Soil Electrical Properties Determination

We have developed a generalized frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) technique for soil characterization that is based on an electromagnetic model decoupling the cable and probe head from the ground using frequency‐dependent reflection and transmission transfer functions. The FDR model represents an exact solution of Maxwell's equations for wave propagation in one‐dimensional multilayered media. The benefit of the decoupling is that the FDR probe can be fully described by its characteristic transfer functions, which are determined using only a few measurements. The soil properties are retrieved after removing the probe effects from the raw FDR data by iteratively inverting a global reflection coefficient. The proposed method was validated under laboratory conditions for measurements in water with different salt concentrations and sand with different water contents. For the salt water, inversions of the data led to dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity values very close to the expected theoretical or measured values. In the frequency range for which the probe is efficient, a good agreement was obtained between measured, inverted and theoretically predicted signals. For the sand, results were consistent with the different water contents and also in close agreement with traditional time domain reflectometry measurements. The proposed method offers great promise for accurate soil electrical characterization because it inherently permits maximization of the information that can be retrieved from the FDR data and shows a high practicability.
Comments on: The thermal zones of the Earth by Wladimir Köppen (1884)

The classical paper of KOPPEN (1884a) on "The thermal zones of the Earth according to the duration of hot, moderate and cold periods and of the impact of heat on the organic world", published in the first volume of the Meteorologische Zeitschrift, is considered today as an early forerunner of the most widely used Koppen-Geiger climate classification. We depict the historical background of the evolution of Koppen's climate classification from the beginning in the early 19 th century until the present. An overview on 21 st century applications demonstrates the high scientific impact of Wladimir Koppen's historical work.
Do we need to improve breast cancer education? Attitude towards breast self-examination and screening programmes among Polish women

Introduction. Breast cancer is a global health threat which requires systematic basic health education and increasing the public attention and awareness. Therefore, breast self‑examination (BSE), however controversial, was largely promoted in many countries including Poland. Moreover, the national breast screening programmes (BSP) were made available to general public. Aim. The study investigated the attitude towards BSE, BSP and breast cancer as a health threat among Polish women in relation to age, education, place of living and economical status. Material and methods. An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 751 Polish women. The results were statistically elaborated. Results. The majority of women declared to know how to perform BSE but only a small part (older females) practiced it regularly (once a month). National BSP were acknowledged by most of surveyed. The higher awareness of BSP was found for women with higher education and economical status whereas the lowest – for women inhabiting small villages and performing BSE rarely or never. Medical doctors and other medical staff were an insignificant source of BSP. Most of responders recognized breast cancer as a serious health threat in Poland. Conclusion. The general awareness of BSP and BSE among Polish women is satisfactory, yet the percentage of females performing BSE on regular basis remains too low. There is a need to increase the contribution of medical staff in breast cancer education and control activities.
FOLK MEDICINAL USES OF SOME PLANTS IN TANGAIL DISTRICT, BANGLADESH

Background Folk medicine is an important feature of traditional medicinal practices in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to document the medicinal uses of plants by a folk medicinal practitioner (Kaviraj) of Tangail district, Bangladesh. Methods Interviews of the Kaviraj were carried out with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field-walk method. Results The Kaviraj used 12 plants distributed into 12 families in his formulations. Available ethnomedicinal and scientific reports show that the plants used by the Kaviraj can be validated in their uses on the basis of either ethnomedicinal consensus or pharmacological activity studies. Conclusion The study suggests that the medicinal plants used by the Kaviraj of Tangail district merit scientific attention towards new drug discoveries.
Charge density wave formation in rare-earth tritellurides

The Fermi surface of rare-earth tritellurides $(R{\mathrm{Te}}_{3})$ is investigated in terms of the nesting-driven charge-density wave formation using positron annihilation and first-principles linear muffin-tin orbital calculations. Fermi surface nesting is revealed as a strong candidate for driving charge-density wave formation in these compounds. The nesting vector obtained from positron annihilation experiments on ${\mathrm{GdTe}}_{3}$ is determined to be $\mathbf{q}=(0.28\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02,0,0){\mathbf{a}}^{*}$ $({\mathbf{a}}^{*}=2\ensuremath{\pi}∕\mathbf{a})$, in excellent agreement with previous experimental and theoretical studies.
(2E)-1-(5-Bromothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the title compound, C13H8BrClOS, the thiophene and phenyl rings are inclined by 40.69 (11)° to each other. The crystal structure is characterized by C—H⋯π interactions, which link the molecules into broad layers parallel to (100). Short Br⋯Cl contacts [3.698 (1) Å] link these layers along [100].
MANDATORY PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION AND ITS IMPACT ON HEALTH CARE BUDGET

Aim: To evaluate the budget impact of the vaccination of children with either 10 or 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV10 and PCV13) in light of the new clinical evidences of efficacy. Methods: The perspective is that of the healthcare system for the period in which the main clinical outcomes were reportedthat is 4 years after the immunization. A systematic review of available publications on the clinical efficacy and budget impact analyses of the two vaccines was conducted. The efficacy was measures as an overall percentage of prevented cases for the main groups of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs), community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute otitis media (AOM). Direct medical costs at macro level of the health care system have been calculated. The cost of infections therapy was multiplied by the expected number of patients after the immunization with either 10 or 13-valent vaccine, and the difference between the twocosts was derived. Results: The results show that the vaccination with 10 valent vaccine saves among 7000 BGN in case of meningitis and 2 mln BGN in case of otitis.This study confirms that the vaccination with PCV10 is cost saving for the Bulgarian healthcare system owing to its higher effectiveness and the savings generated from the lower number of expected cases of infections. Although the vaccination with the 13-valent vaccine ensures larger coverage against IPD caused by vaccine serotypes, its cost saving was not proven within national
Understanding the Basics of Mastitis

Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Mark A. McCann, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Alma C. Hobbs, Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State, Petersburg. publication 404-233
Familial Aggregation of Serum Uric Acid in Taiwan Aborigines

Objectives. There is a high prevalence of gouty arthritis (GA) among Taiwan aborigines. This study analyzed the correlation between serum uric acid levels among siblings and familial aggregation of serum uric acid in Taiwanese aboriginal families. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in central Taiwan. From March to May 2001, we recruited 210 aboriginal children (mean age, 8.79±1.95 years) from 95 different families. All children completed a structured questionnaire which collected family information and provided blood samples for serum uric acid analysis. The associations between serum uric acid and hyperuricemia between the firstborn sibling and other siblings in families with a history of GA were assessed by multiple regression and logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE5). Results. The mean serum uric acid level was 363.12±78.70 µmol/L. The adjusted correlation coefficients of serum uric acid between the firstborn siblings and other siblings were 0.74 in the families of parents with GA, and 0. ЗЗin those with parents without GA. The families of firstborn siblings without hyperuricemia and parents without GA served as the reference group (OR = 1); the adjusted odds ratio for hyperuricemia of other siblings was 6.23 in the families with hyperuricemic firstborn siblings and parents with GA (95% CI = 1.43 to 27.6). Conclusions Although the possibility of recall bias cannot be excluded, our data suggests a correlation between serum uric acid levels among siblings and familial aggregation of hyperuricemia in Taiwan aboriginal families, especially in families with a history of GA.
FACIAL PAIN AND TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS

The study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of facial pain and the association of facial pain with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) as well as with other factors, in a geographically defined population-based sample consisting of subjects born in 1966 in northern Finland, and in a casecontrol study including subjects with facial pain and their healthy controls. In addition, the influence of conservative stomatognathic and necessary prosthetic treatment on facial pain and TMD was evaluated in a sample of patients with facial pain. In the age group of 31-32-year-olds, facial pain was reported by 12 % of men and 18 % of women. Reported facial pain was strongly associated with TMD symptoms, and a relation was also seen with other factors, i.e. certain occlusal factors, previous traumas, other pain conditions in the body, clinically assessed tenderness in the neck muscles, and psychological problems, such as depressiveness and alexithymia. Conservative treatment of TMD seemed to be effective in relieving facial pain in a one-year follow-up. It can be concluded that facial pain is quite a common symptom with several both localized and generalized associated factors. Conservative stomatognathic treatment is recommended in the case of TMD-related facial pain. The possibility of psychological problems should be taken into account, especially in complex and chronic cases. When no response to conservative stomatognathic treatment is achieved, a multidisciplinary team, including mental health professionals, will be needed in both diagnosis and treatment. This study provides support for the suggestion that in future individualizing treatment of the patients with facial pain should be based on patient characteristics, which may improve treatment efficacy.
A phase II trial of nab-paclitaxel (NP) in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) who have progressed on gemcitabine (G)-based therapy.

4120 Background: G is the standard for patients with unresectable PC. There are no approved second-line options. NP (Abraxane) in combination with gemcitabine has shown interesting activity in a phase I/II trial (Von Hoff, ASCO 2009). This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of NP monotherapy in patients who progress on G-based therapy. Methods: In this phase II trial, patients with advanced PC and ECOG PS 0-2 who progressed on G-based therapy, received NP 100 mg/m2 over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28- day cycle. The primary endpoint was 6-month overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints were response rate (by RECIST criteria), progression-free survival (PFS), safety and toxicity profile. Results: Out of 20 patients accrued, 1 patient never received study therapy and was excluded from analysis. The median age was 61 years, 9 (47%) were male, 18 (95%) had stage IV disease, and 15 (79%) had an ECOG PS of 0-1. The 6-month OS was 58% (95% CI 33%-76%) and the median OS was 7.3 months (95.
Saline Versus Nafamostat Mesilate Anticoagulation for Continuous Veno-venous Hemofiltration (CVVH) in Patients at High Risk of Bleeding: A Prospective Study

Purpose : In patients with a higherrisk of bleeding, performing CVVH with heparin or saline anticoagulation is associated with increased bleeding or thrombotic risk. Nafamostat mesilate (NM), a serine proteinase inhibitor, while inhibiting various clotting factors in filter circuit, is characterized by short half life resulting in little systemic anticoagulation effect. Accordingly, we prospectively evaluated the anticoagulant effect and safety of NM in patients with a higher risk of bleeding who underwent CVVH. Methods : Among 43 patients with high risk of bleeding [defined by (1) INR>2, aPTT>20 sec, platelet or (2) ongoing bleeding, major hemorrhage/surgery in the last 48 hrs], 20 patients were treated with continuous nafamostat mesilate infusion (10-20 mg/hr) and remaining 23 patients were treated with saline bolus infusion (100 mLq 1 hr) for CVVH anticoagulation. Results : As compared with saline bolus group, mean circuit life was significantly longer in NM infusion group (28.7312.67 versus 16.347.86, p=0.001). There was no significant bleeding complication in either saline bolus or NMinfusion group. In subgroup analysis according to the presence of abnormal coagulation status (defined by INR>2, aPTT>20 sec, platelet), the positive effect of NM on circuit lifespan persisted irrespective of the coagulation status. Conclusion : As compared with saline bolus, nafamostat mesilate infusion was associated with higher CVVH filter life. In patients with high risk of bleeding, nafamostat mesilate can be used as a safe and effective anticoagulant for CVVH with acceptable filter life.
Job Satisfaction among Library Professionals in Haryana State

The objective of this study is to examine those factors which are related in a high manner to job satisfaction among library workers. Data were collected from a sample of 100 library professionals from private engineering and management colleges in Haryana state. The data analyses indicated that job satisfaction among library professionals is not related to their sex, the type of library in which they worked, or their vocational needs, but it is related to the characteristics of their job environments. The supervisory climate and the essential characteristics of the job itself are the two most important determinants of job satisfaction. Interpretation of the data suggests that a supervisory climate which permits a librarian to exercise initiative and professional judgment in the performance of the job is conducive to job satisfaction. This study contributes to the LIS literature and practice in the following two ways: first, this study provides new knowledge concerning the job satisfaction factors of library professionals. Second, the new knowledge may help library and information managers to develop effective managerial approaches.
SUSY and high-p_T flavor tagging at CMS

We present a result of a search for supersymmetry in final states with missing transverse energy and b-tagged jets. This search is performed with data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp-collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Data-driven techniques used to measure the Standard Model background are demonstrated. The result is interpreted in terms of the constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and compared to a similar search without any b-tag requirement.
Large variance Gaussian priors in Bayesian nonparametric estimation: a maxiset approach

In this paper we compare wavelet Bayesian rules taking into account the sparsity of the signal with priors which are combinations of a Dirac mass with a standard distribution properly normalized. To perform these comparisons, we take the maxiset point of view: i. e. we consider the set of functions which are well estimated (at a prescribed rate) by each procedure. We especially consider the standard cases of Gaussian and heavy-tailed priors. We show that if heavy-tailed priors have extremely good maxiset behavior compared to traditional Gaussian priors, considering large variance Gaussian priors (LVGP) leads to equally successful maxiset behavior. Moreover, these LVGP can be constructed in an adaptive way. We also show, using comparative simulations results that large variance Gaussian priors have very good numerical performances, confirming the maxiset prediction, and providing the advantage of a high simplicity from the computational point of view.