Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Abatement of Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles

* Environment Directorate, OECD, Paris. This article is based on work carried out while the author was with the International Energy Agency, Paris. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author, and may notreflect those of the OECD, the International Energy Agency or the Governments of its Member Countries. Suggestions and comments on the original draft from Dr Jos? Carbajo and two anonymous referees are gratefully acknowledged.
Effect of Spousal Appraisal of Identity Consistency on Well-being of Married Females

Our research frame work concerned on delineating the relationship between the perceived spousal appraisal of female’s Identity Consistency(IC) and its impact on their sense of wellbeing. Identity refers to a person’s sense of self as unique being developed out of the various intimate figures and associations of adolescence (Erikson, 1959). Previous research suggests that consistent self-image across intimate relationships is more valued in western society than eastern society (Heine, 2001; Heine & Lehman, 1997, 1999; Markus & Kitayama, 1994; Suh, 2002, English and Chen, 2011). Moreover, contradictory findings have been observed in eastern culture where Shuh (2002) in her study found consistency of Identity is less valued in eastern culture where as Dhar (2010) in her study concluded with reversed findings that Consistency is valued in eastern culture. Shuh (2002) used 20 maximum variability traits to measure one’s Identity Consistency (IC) whereas Dhar (2010) used 80 moderate variability traits to measure one’s Identity consistency. Hence, It was needed to investigate further this contradictory findings in eastern culture. The sample comprised of 130 love married couples working female partner). They were Identity scale Dhar,2010) Subjective wellbeing Internal consistency of each female has been obtained in terms of percentage of variance by using factor analysis by principal component method. Mean, standard deviations ,’t’ test , Product moment coefficient of correlation and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis have been carried out for further analysis with the considered variables in the present study. Results showed that appraised spousal overestimation of females’ IC by females are leading to a satisfactory sense of wellbeing of them may be indicative of the fact that they find the meaningfulness while appraised positively about their inner integrity by ‘the person with whom they share the most intimate relation’. However, females’ self appraisal of IC is independent on their sense of wellbeing leading to the fact that they are less disturbed by this incongruity. sense of subjective wellbeing and 2 nd appraisal of IC(ICMF). This indicates that Sense of subjective wellbeing is related to 2 nd appraisal of identity consistency of females. This findings indicate that with an increase in females’ consistency regarding expressions of traits or characteristics across intimate relationships of father, mother, same gender friends, father in law and mother in law), there is also an increase in positive perception regarding sense of subjective wellbeing.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS FOR ACADEMIC DISHONESTY A COMPARATIVE REVIEW

Academic dishonesty has so far been understood using theoretical frameworks derived from criminology literature. These frameworks contribute pieces of the puzzle and even enjoy some empirical support, but conceptualizing students as delinquents is problematic and ultimately ineffective. This chapter reviews the current frameworks, including their theoretical underpinnings, empirical support, and strategies they suggest, and goes on to analyze their limitations and suggest alternative frameworks.
Selection of Optimum Thread Shape Design on Stress Distribution Among 5 Different Implant Types: A Finite Element Analysis

The choice of the thread structure of the implant plays a crucial role in the dental treatment. This study was undertaken to: a) Identify the optimum design of the thread b) Investigate the impacts of different implant thread models on bone implant-interface stress distribution c) Investigate Static and other behaviors of implants A full mechanical system design for a new dental implant model was developed within the range of the study. The design was optimized using the FEA depending on the design strategic objectives. Five implants with different thread profile designs considered and the pattern of the stress distribution in cortical bone and Cancellous bone are evaluated using FEA. The dimensions were in according with the commercial thread configuration standards for dental implant. The 3D CREO Parametric V5 software was used for implants as well as interface 3D modeling and Simulated in ABAQUS V2018 FEA Software. Applied load for both cases has a magnitude of 150N at 30o Angulation. Maximum stresses found concentrated at the cortical bone and transferred to the first thread of the implant. The Simulation shows that the least stresses were observed at the cancellous bone and maximum at the implant.
Analytical approach for compact shorting pin circular patch antenna

An analytical approach for calculating resonant frequencies of a circular microstrip antenna loaded with a shorting pin in arbitrary position is presented based on the cavity model. The antennas can be used as small antennas since their fundamental resonance frequency is lower than that of a regular circular patch antenna. Two scattered waves are used to modify the electric field of the antenna in the presence of the pin. The scattered waves are considered based on the theory of scattering in conjunction with the image method. The first scattered wave is produced by the pin while the second one is the wave backscattered by the patch edge of the antenna. The backscattered wave is assumed to be generated by the images of the pin with respect to the patch edge. It is shown that the proposed approach can predict the resonant frequency of the antenna reasonably adequate. Furthermore, it can be extended in the case of several shorting pins. The obtained results from the method are compared with the achieved results from the simulations, the measurements, and the relative previous analytical models, to confirm the quality of the approach.
Altruism and Reciprocity in the Long-Run*

The aim of this paper is to provide a model where altruism is determined endogenously. Altruism is an attitude that influences our actions toward other people. The model presented in this paper assumes that this influence also operates in the opposite direction via reciprocity: that is, people modify their altruism based on the actions of other agents. The paper uses a dynamic setup with two agents whose incomes are random. Depending on the incomes realized, transfers are made. These transfers convey information about the level of altruism of the donors. The agents use this information to adjust their own level of altruism. If the transfer received by an agent implies that the altruism level of the other agent is higher (lower) than that of the receiver, then the latter will increase (decrease) his level of altruism. This behavior induces a stochastic process for the levels of altruism. The long level of altruism is studied using both analytic and computer simulations tools.
Comparing the Features of the Diffuse Alpha Pattern with the Normal Alpha Pattern using Wavelet-crosscorrelation Analysis

: In some individuals, alpha waves appear in many regions of the brain, and this is considered abnormal electroencephalography (EEG). This phenomenon is known as diffuse alpha pattern. This study aims to extract and compare the features of the connectivity between the parts of the brain. The EEGs of healthy individuals and mental disorder patients with the diffuse alpha pattern were analyzed using wavelet-crosscorrelation analysis. Five epochs of 2 seconds were analyzed for each subject. Wavelet-crosscorrelation coefficients were calculated for frequencies in the alpha band for all epochs in each subject. The results showed that the WCC values were higher in the patients with diffuse alpha. The highest wavelet power spectra in the alpha band of the patients occurred at a lower frequency. Our results suggest that the connectivity strength along the sagittal and occipital orientations in the brain of the patients could be stronger than healthy individuals.
On the Performance of Cognitive Underlay SIMO Networks over Equally Correlated Rayleigh Fading Channels

The performance of single-input multiple-output (SIMO) cognitive spectrum sharing networks with the presence of equally correlated Rayleigh fading channels is investigated. In particular, based on the truncated infinitive series of cumulative distribution function (CDF) and probability density function (PDF) of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), close-form expressions are provided for the system outage performance, bit error rate and ergodic capacity. It is shown that the system performance merely depends on the correlation coefficient between antennas. Monte-Carlo simulations are also contributed to confirm the accuracy of our analysis.
Glyoxysomes in Megagametophyte of Germinating Ponderosa Pine Seeds",2

Decoated ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws) seeds contained 49%- lipids, whiclh were mainly stored in megagametophytic tissue and were utilized or converted to sugars via the glyoxylate cycle during germination. Mitochondria and glyoxysomes were isolated from the tissue by sucrose density gradient centrifugation at different stages of germi- nation. It was found that isocitrate lyase, malate synthase, and catalase were mainly bound in glyoxysomes. Aconitase and fumarase were chiefly localized in mitochondria, whereas citrate synthase was common for both. Both organelles increased in quantity and specific activity of their respective marker enzymes witlh the advancement of germination. When the megagametophlyte was exhausted at the end of germination, the quantity of these organelles and the activity of their marker enzymes decreased abruptly. At the stage of higlhest lipolysis, the isolated mitocliondria and glyoxysomes were able to synthesize protein from labeled amino acids. Both organellar fractions contained RNA and DNA. Some degree of autonomy in glyoxysomes is indicated.
Modeling of a Micro-Electronic Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Deformable Mirror for Simulation and Characterization

Abstract : Development of a model that can simulate the wavefront-altering effects of a micro-electro mechanical system (MEMS) mirror has many potential research benefits. Without the need to purchase costly lab equipment and/or wait for mirror fabrication, the use of model simulation would allow users to optimize various parameters of a device before fabrication. Research focused on developing models for two of the most common types of MEMS mirrors: segmented and continuous face sheet devices. Models for these devices were first constructed in MATLAB and then experimentally verified in order to characterize and compare the differences in behavior between model and measured results. The models developed displayed similar results when compared to interferometric readings taken from an actual MEMS mirror. The models were able to reduce the wavefront error of a notional distorted wave. The corrected wavefront of the notional wave compared well with experimental data collected indicating that the models were good representations compared to actual devices of their specific type.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE IN NATURAL WATERS<link href='#lno19691430454-note-0001'>1</link>

Winkler method for dissolved oxygen analysis. Limnol. Oceanog. , 10: 135-140. CARRITT, D. E. , AND J. H. CARPENTER. 1966. Comparison and evaluation of currently employed modifications of the Winkler method for determining dissolved oxygen in seawater; a NASCO report. J. Marine Res., 24: 286318. CLINE, J. D. 1968. Kinetics of the sulfide-oxygen reaction in seawater; An investigation at constant temperature and salinity. M.S. Thesis, Univ. Washington, Seattle. 68 p. CUSTER, J. J., AND S. NATELSO? \T. 1949. Spectrophotometric determination of microquantities of iodine. Anal. Chem., 21: 1005-1009. THOMPSON, T. G. , AND R. J. ROBINSON. 1939. Notes on the determination of dissolved oxygen in sea water. J. Marine Res., 2: 1-8. WHEATLAND, A. B. , AND L. J. SMITH. 1955. Gasometric determination of dissolved oxygen in pure and saline water as a check of titrimetric methods. J. Appl. Chem. (London), 5: 144-148. WINKLER, L. W. 1888. Die Bestimmung des im Wasser gelosten Sauerstoffes. Chem. Ber. , 21: 2843-2855.
Cogging torque reduction of IPM motor using skewing, notching, pole pairing and rotor pole axial pairing.

Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motor has been widely used in a range of industrial application due to high power density and good flux-weakening capability. In many of the applications, the high strength of permanent magnets causes the undesirable effects of high cogging torque that can aggravate performance of the motor. Large cogging torque is significantly produced by IPM motor due to the similar length and the effectiveness of the magnetic air-gap. Therefore, the reduction of cogging torque becomes an inreasingly vital subject in IPM motor. In this paper, to minimize the effect of cogging torque in IPM motor, four common techniques for cogging torque reduction such as skewing, notching, pole pairing and rotor axial pole pairing has been analyzed in order to compare the cogging torque effect. 3D finite element analysis (FEA) by JMAG software is carried out for each technique. The results showed the reduction of cogging torque up to 99%, followed by 81.90%, 43.2% and 39.01% compared to the initial model design.
FAQ Search using Transformers

Many websites have bots as a guiding agent, for 001 answering FAQ questions or directing users to 002 human support. Many of them already have a 003 curated FAQ page that can be used to bootstrap 004 these bots. In this paper, we want to tackle a 005 real-world problem of question answering for 006 Bots. Given a user query, the system needs 007 to pick the most relevant answer from a data 008 source such as FAQ or Manuals. So, the rank-009 ing system needs to consider not just the pas-010 sage but also the provided support questions 011 or titles. This technique also provides the flex-012 ibility to add and delete support questions to 013 continuously improve bot’s quality, suggestions 014 can be provided by system and the bot devel-015 oper has control over their data instead of a 016 black box system. We explore novel techniques 017 to improve the results on a few public sets and 018 on our own judged real user data. For the paper, 019 We limit our experiments to transformers since 020 it has proven to be significantly better in all 021 question answering tasks. We show that sig-022 nificant gains can be observed using an extra 023 segment embedding as well as pre-training new 024 separators in transformers. 025
Antagonism between G o a and G q a in Caenorhabditis elegans : the RGS protein EAT-16 is necessary for G o a signaling and regulates G q a activity

To elucidate the cellular role of the heterotrimeric G protein G o , we have taken a molecular genetic approach in Caenorhabditis elegans . We screened for suppressors of activated GOA-1 (G o a ) that do not simply decrease its expression and found mutations in only two genes, sag-1 and eat-16 . Animals defective in either gene display a hyperactive phenotype similar to that of goa-1 loss-of-function mutants. Double-mutant analysis indicates that both sag-1 and eat-16 act downstream of, or parallel to, G o a and negatively regulate EGL-30 (G q a ) signaling. eat-16 encodes a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) most similar to the mammalian RGS7 and RGS9 proteins and can inhibit endogenous mammalian G q /G 11 in COS-7 cells. Animals defective in both sag-1 and eat-16 are inviable, but reducing function in egl-30 restores viability, indicating that the lethality of the eat-16 ; sag-1 double mutant is due to excessive G q a activity. Analysis of these mutations indicates that the G o and G q pathways function antagonistically in C. elegans , and that G o a negatively regulates the G q pathway, possibly via EAT-16 or SAG-1. We propose that a major cellular role of G o is to antagonize signaling by G q .
Traffic Accident Analysis System

While statistical data on traffic accidents are invaluable in devising effective traffic safety measures, the number of data items and samples are vast and they must be processed and edited in such a form as to allow speedy analysis on computers together with data on roads and traffic conditions to allow full use of them to be made in planning improvements on the road traffic environments. Outline discussions are made in the present paper on the creation of an integrated data base for traffic accidents combining the data on traffic accidents with the data on road and traffic conditions and the development of a personal computer system intended to allow easy display of the data on the occurrence of accidents and analysis of the accidents.
Choices and the Self from Cognition to Motivation to Physical Expression

With and counterintuitive findings that nonetheless follow from established theories, this session will be of interest to a host of consumer scholars. Most centrally, scholars the and depletion, will find home as will makers seeking to nudge consumers making decisions that a difference’ on the and ABSTRACT Consumers must often employ one of two goals when making choices. They can satisfice and seek any option that meets some minimum standard, or ABSTRACT Metacognitive experiences have an important impact on judgment and decision-making. How difficult information is to process, for example, influences liking (Reber, Winkielman, and Schwarz, 1998), perceived distance (Alter and Oppenheimer, 2008), perceived uniqueness (Pocheptsova, Labroo, and Dhar, 2010), and frequency estimates (Tversky and Kahneman, 1973). Based on existing research, one might assume metacognitive effects are universal. But could they differ by culture? We suggest this possibility based on the notion that metacognitive effects on judgment are largely inference-based (Schwarz 2004) and that there are cultural differences in the lay theories that give rise to such inferences (Markus and Kitayama, 2003). What people infer from metacognitive experiences depends on their lay theory regarding what makes information easy or difficult to process in a particular situ ation We documenting the prevalence of this new heuristic to its implications for consumer welfare. ABSTRACT The marketplace affords consumers different modes by which to express their preference. These include, but are not limited to, pressing a button, noting something on paper, and vocal expressions. New technologies enable consumers to interact with vending ma-chines and even kitchen devices. Normatively these different modes of expression should not yield different choices, as there is nothing about the option (or the consumer) that differs as a function of expression mode. Yet, we find in our research that mode of expression has a substantial effect on people’s choices. The study of response mode effects is not new; four decades of research on decision-making show that preference construction can be influenced by the form in which these preferences are elicited (Li chtenstein and Slovic 1971; Tversky, Slovic, and Kahneman 1990; Nowlis and Simonson 1997). However, to date no studies have tested the effect of response modality—that is, the form in which the pref erence is expressed—on people’s choices. Previous research hints at the possibility of differences due to modality. In particular, vocal and non-vocal preference elicitation modes differ in what is required to translate one’s preference into the desired outcome. Most non-vocal preference elicitation modes--such as pushing a button at a vending machine--require the translation of one’s choice (e.g., Snickers) into another medium (e.g., button B4) to obtain the desired outcome. Speech, on the other hand, is directly connected to emotionality:
A Commentary on Kenya’s Response to the Global STEM Movement from Social Justice Perspectives: Would School-Community Innovation Centres/Makerspaces Address Apparent Gaps in the Proposed Curriculum?

This paper discusses Kenya’s proposed STEM curriculum in the context of the new education system. The new education system aims at socioeconomic development following Kenya’s Vision 2030 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper refers to social justice perspectives to discuss strengths and weaknesses of the proposed STEM curriculum. Our exploration of the reform documents led to the question: Has Kenya got the means to benefit from the progressive reform ideas given meagre resources and local worldviews that might conflict with the scientific/STEM worldview? In response to this dilemma, the paper suggests innovation centres or do-it-yourself centres akin to makerspace activity, as one way to engender the development of endogenous science/STEM. Setting endogenous science/STEM as the framework for the proposed STEM curriculum is likely to seamlessly address the socioeconomic goals as stipulated for the new education system. Résumé maigres ressources et les visions du monde locales qui pourraient entrer en conflit avec la vision du monde scientifique/STEM? En réponse à ce dilemme, cet article propose la création de centres d’innovation et de centres de bricolage dont les activités ressembleraient à celles d’un makerspace , comme une façon de favoriser le développement de la science endogène/STEM. En établissant la science endogène/STEM comme cadre de travail pour le programme STEM proposé, celui-ci a de grandes chances de répondre parfaitement aux objectifs socio-économiques tels que stipulés pour le nouveau système d’enseignement.
The limits of the binary power law describing spatial variability for incidence data

Taylor’s power law (TPL), an empirical law relating the observed variance to mean density (or abundance), has found wide applicability for characterizing heterogeneity in many disciplines. However, when the density variable has an upper bound, the TPL does not hold and the binary power law (BPL) needs to be used instead. The BPL has been shown to describe the heterogeneity of numerous plant disease epidemic systems. In this study, a generic stochastic simulator was used to study the extent to which the BPL can satisfactorily describe incidence data. Results showed that the symmetrical BPL does hold whenever there is a positive correlation among neighbours on the probability of a plant becoming infected, or where disease development is not inﬂuenced by the neighbours. These results held for a wide range of neighbourhood sizes, strengths of neighbourhood inﬂuence, and size of the sampling quadrats. However, the symmetrical BPL did not hold when there is a negative inﬂuence among neighbours. The more general asymmetrical BPL (ABPL) ﬁtted the data with positive or negative neighbourhood inﬂuence, but because a negative neighbourhood effect is generally unlikely for plant epidemics, the symmetrical BPL is preferred over the ABPL because of its parsimony. The magnitude of the estimated BPL parameters increased with increasing neighbourhood inﬂuence and sampling-quadrat size. However, except when the power parameter equals 1, inferring speciﬁc underlying mechanisms generating the data or comparing BPL estimates from different studies is difﬁcult, because of the large effect of sampling on the BPL parameter estimates.