Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heating Load of Residential Buildings Using Multiple Linear Regression Artificial Neural Network

Global warming is one metric of climate change which is defined as an increase in the average global temperature. Residential buildings contribute significantly to the pollution that causes climate change. It is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the functions of highly energy efficient buildings in view of projected climate projections, the quality of their heating systems, and the impact on human health and well-being. Thus, in this study, the effects of six input variables which are Overall Height, Glazing Area, Wall Area, Relative Compactness, Roof Area, and Glazing Area Distribution on one output variable, namely Heating Load (HL) of residential buildings was investigated using Multiple Linear Regression and Artificial Neural Network (MLR-ANN) approaches. Two-layer hyperbolic tangent-identity transfer functions with 6-3-1 configurations were employed as it was found as the best neural network model. A dataset of 768 residential buildings was used for secondary data. The Mean Square Error (MSE), determination coefficients R2, as well as the percentage of normalized importance analysis were used to assess the statistical prediction capabilities of the MLR-ANN model. Based on the current findings, Wall Area is the most contributing factor towards HL, followed by Relative Compactness, Roof Area, Overall Height, Glazing Area, and Glazing Area Distribution. It can be suggested that HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems should be implemented in residential buildings to reduce energy use. Natural ventilation is encouraged in buildings through vernacular design, and radiant heating and cooling systems as it is very effective and efficient way of providing thermal comfort within a structure.
Comparative Analysis of Democratic Attitude and Value Perceptions of School Administrators, Teachers, Preservice Teachers and Students: A Meta-Analysis Study

This study aims to comparatively analyze the effect size of perceptions related to democratic attitudes and values of school administrators, teachers, preservice teachers, and students. The meta-analysis method, one of the research synthesis methods, was used in the research. Within the scope of the study, master’s and doctoral theses and research articles dealing with this topic in Turkey were investigated. Based on the screening results, a total of 101 studies from 2013 to 2020 abided by the inclusion criteria. For these 101 studies comprising a sample of 33,774 people, four effect sizes were calculated. According to research results, high levels of effect size were determined based on the random effect model for opinions related to democratic attitudes and values of school administrators, teachers, preservice teachers, and students (d=41.14). The perceptions of democratic attitudes and values of participants were ranked from low to high as students (d=30.45), school administrators (d=38.66), teachers (d=47.86), and preservice teachers (d=51.73). There was a significant difference between the opinions of participants (p=0.00). Students appeared to have the lowest perceptions of democratic attitudes and values. According to the results of moderator analysis, the effect sizes of studies were determined to differ depending on publication type (p=0.00), educational level (p=0.00), gender of the researcher (p=0.00), and the region of the research (p=0.00). Concerning the meta-regression results for the effect size in terms of the year the research was performed, there appeared to be a falling trend in perceptions related to democratic attitudes and values of participants.
Guiding interactive drama

In traditional drama, an audience watches a story presented by characters on a stage. Interactive Drama changes the audience to a single User who enters that stage, interacting with the characters, and participating in the story. Computer-based interactive drama allows a User to interact with simulated worlds which are inhabited by dynamic and complex autonomous characters and shaped by a flexible, aesthetically pleasing story. Unlike the actions of characters in a play, the actions of the User are not controlled by the artist. The problem is to shape the User's experience to conform to the set of themes and ideas to be conveyed. This work proposes this problem can be solved by dynamically monitoring and subtly guiding the experience of the User. This dissertation describes an architecture called Moe that is designed to provide dramatic guidance. Moe uses abstract, adversary search with an aesthetic evaluation function to decide how and when to guide the User's experience. The first technical achievement of this work is a demonstration of the ability to capture a dramatic aesthetic (for one interactive drama) in an automated evaluation function that can examine an experience and determine its quality, much as a movie critic determines the quality of a film. This result is supported by statistically demonstrating a high degree of correlation (r =.87) between the evaluation function and the human artist. The second main technical achievement of this work is the implementation of three such strategies (SAS and SAS+, both based on random sampling; and MMFC, which uses memoization to implement a full-depth search) and a search state that seem capable of effectively modelling and guiding an interactive dramatic experience. Moe has not yet been connected to a running interactive experience, but instead Moe has been tested with a variety of Simulated User Types. On "average" Users, SAS, SAS+, and MMFC are able to improve Users' experiences from the 50th percentile, to the 94th, 98th, and 99th percentile, respectively. This is a large and artistically meaningful increase. This dissertation describes the first implementation of a system designed to provide centralized dramatic guidance in an interactive drama.
APPLICATION OF OBJECT-ORIENTED TECHNOLOGY TO BLASTING DEMOLITION EXPERT SYSTEM

The object-oriented(o-o) technology is a completely new method in the field of system analysis and design.The software that based on this method is vividly characterized by its maintainability,expandability and integratability,and therefore introducing the o-o method into the design of expert system is completely feasible and effective.This paper introduces the actual state of the application of expert system in the field of demolition blasting followed by bringing forward a new method of using o-o technology in the design of expert system,which is called ODBES.The contents of this technology,including architecture,implement and some other key technical measures are also analyzed in this paper.
On the effect of digitising flows in networked microfluidic systems for nucleic acid analysis

The integration of molecular diagnostics and microfluidics has the potential to revolutionise human health care. The continuous discovery of genetic markers that correspond to particular cancer types and subtypes offers a large potential for non-invasive patient screening. Early and accurate diagnosis has the potential to lead to tailored treatments and a better patient prognosis. The research undertaken here at the Stokes Institute aims to develop a diagnostic tool through current advancements in genomics and microfluidics, for the accurate and early diagnosis of paediatric leukaemia. Applying microfluidics to the current molecular diagnostic protocols offers a decrease in costs through a reduction in consumable reagents and an increase in speed and consistency through integration of all the functional steps of qPCR. The research presented in this thesis focuses on the hydrodynamics of biphasic flow. Encapsulating the genetic material and PCR reagents into a micro-reactor (microfluidic plug) allows for individual and contamination-free processing. The pressure drop of individual plugs under a range of operational conditions is measured and presented. An analysis of the effect of the concentration of surfactant that is employed has on the biphasic hydrodynamics is examined. The data is subsequently analysed and compared to a theoretical approximation that is present in the literature. The ratio of biphasic fluidic resistance to single phase fluidic resistance is presented as a means to measure empirically the effect a second immiscible phase has on the hydrodynamics. A train of immiscible plugs is shown to have a lower pressure drop than a single plug of similar total length when the inter-plug spacing is sufficiently large. Three microfluidic manifolds were tested as microfluidic circuit elements. Fluidic manifolds provide a controllable means of distributing a single flow across numerous microfluidic capillaries and circuit elements. Two prototype manifolds were designed and compared to a commercially available product. The sensitivity of a manifold to changes in fluidic resistance and air contamination is also presented. Liquid bridges were employed as circuit elements and pressure taps. This is, to the best knowledge of the author, the first use of liquid bridges as pressure taps. The liquid bridges isolated the aqueous plugs from the pressure port taps preventing sense line contamination. A pressure transient analysis was carried out to determine the effect of the liquid bridges on biphasic flow. The incorporation of the three microfluidic elements into a single circuit was analysed under biphasic flow conditions. Two analytical models of microfluidic circuits are presented for the queuing and mixing of aqueous plugs prior to processing. The pressure drop data was used to validate the employment of a modified single phase analytical model for the design of biphasic microfluidic circuits for low Capillary and Reynolds number flows.
Dual beam optical fiber traps for aerosols with angular deviation

Dual beam fiber traps are potentially useful for integrated trapping devices aimed at studying aerosols, and offer opportunities for cavity-enhanced traps. The alignment of such traps is typically seen to be critical. Here we explore the impact of the angular alignment of the optical fibers, and assess trapping viability as a function of misalignment and how particle dynamics change when interacting with displaced fibers. We find that good trapping capability for dual fibers tilted at the same angle, while more complex aerosol dynamics become apparent at higher single fiber tilt angles.
Communication Capital, Metcalfe's Law, and U.S. Productivity Growth

This paper analyzes the contribution of network externalities to the pickup in U.S. productivity in the early 2000s. The Internet and wireless communication are treated as the central mechanisms of ICT-driven productivity growth. The approach contrasts with the dominant view in the macro-productivity literature, which places microprocessor speed and computational capacity at center stage (e.g., Jorgenson 2001). The usual sources-of-growth model is adapted for network effects and network utilization, and new metrics for communication capital and its productivity are introduced. The adapted model and metrics significantly aid understanding how the spread of high-speed networking and wireless communications (via Metcalfe’s Law and ICT as a GPT, or “network effects” for short) have profoundly shaped the modern productivity performance of the United States. Under exceedingly modest assumptions, the model and metrics developed in this paper suggest network effects contributed nearly 0.5 percentage points to productivity growth annually from 2000 to 2007, or 32 percent of the overall change in MFP.
A Comparative Study of Different Sorbents in the Context of Direct Air Capture (DAC): Evaluation of Key Performance Indicators and Comparisons

Direct air capture can be based on an adsorption system, and the used sorbent (chemisorbents or physisorbents) influences process. In this work, two amine-functionalized sorbents, as chemisorbents, and three different metal organic frameworks, as physisorbents, are considered and compared in terms of some key performance indicators. This was carried out by developing a mathematical model describing the adsorption and desorption stages. An independent analysis was carried out in order to verify data reported in the literature. Results show that the equilibrium loading is a critical parameter for adsorption capacity, energy consumption, and cost. The considered metal organic frameworks are characterized by a lower equilibrium loading (10−4 mol/kg) compared to chemisorbents (10−1 mol/kg). For this reason, physisorbents have higher overall energy consumptions and costs, while capturing a lower amount of carbon dioxide. A reasonable agreement is found on the basis of the operating conditions of the Climeworks company, modelling the use of the same amine cellulose-based sorbent. The same order of magnitude is found for total costs (751 USD/tonneCO2 for our analysis, compared to the value of 600 USD/tonneCO2 proposed by this company).
A review of the empirical measures on becoming a mother and their relevance to the American Indian/Native Alaskan mother: implications for research and policy

ABSTRACT American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/NA) mothers are at an increased risk for postpartum mental health disorders. One risk factor for developing a disorder is maladaptive beliefs about becoming a mother (BAM). The maternal role transition is measured using scales that often assess the risk of developing postpartum depression (PPD). AI/AN women have had their motherhood historically marginalized through forced sterilizations and the removal of their children. As such, a review of the literature is warranted to evaluate the validity of BAM measures with AI/AN populations. This review included 36 studies and assessed BAM measures for reliability and validity. Only five studies included AI/AN populations. As such, this review indicates BAM measurements have not been used reliably with AI/AN populations. Further research needs to be conducted to understand the culturally specific mothering practices of AI/AN mothers before BAM measures can be used to assess postpartum mental health disorders for this population.
Introduction to Special Section - Business Models

At first glance, there seems to be a broad understanding regarding business models. However, a more thorough analysis of existing resources paints a different picture. The term “business model” often remains undefined and a consensus on the elements of business models is lacking. An analysis of various sources, such as electronic databases, conference proceedings, and EM – Electronic Markets itself supports this statement. Nevertheless, business models are largely believed to determine the success of an electronic venture. To establish some structure and to identify the critical components of business models, the existing definitions and approaches were analyzed and led to a model, which differentiates six business model elements. This model is also used to position the articles submitted to this special issue of EM – Electronic Markets.
Research of Computer-aided Translation Technology for Oracle Bone Inscriptions

A computer-aided translation system is proposed in order to improve the performance of oracle bone inscriptions(OBI) information processing research and share the OBI expert knowledge.For OBI information processing researcher,translating OBI into modern Chinese is a very hard but important work.Translation memory library stores the translated OBI-Modern Chinese sentence pairs.Based on the library,the computer-aided translation system can reach 74.3% accuracy rate for general OBI sentences and 27.2% for special sentences.It meets the research requirements.Experimental results show that the system can improve work efficiency of information researchers and OBI experts.
Self-Efficacy: Nurses’ Perceptions of Caring for Patients Living with Diabetes

Background: Diabetes is an epidemic that affects over 415 million people worldwide. In the United States, the number of people diagnosed with diabetes is projected to triple to over 60 million by 2060. With this surge, the number of hospitalizations across the country have significantly increased. Direct care nurses play a vital role in the management of patients living with diabetes. The purpose of this research study was to explore and describe medical-surgical nurses’ perceptions of self-efficacy related to caring for patients living with diabetes. This study's guiding research question was: What are nurses’ perceptions on the influences that impact self-efficacy in caring for patients living with diabetes on a medical-surgical unit? Methods : Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory provided the conceptual framework of this study and guided the development of the interview questions and the analysis of the data. A qualitative descriptive design using a constant comparative analysis method was utilized. A purposive, convenience sampling plan was used to recruit eight medical-surgical nurses from two acute care hospitals in the Southeastern United States. Results : Four major themes were revealed in this study: (a) educational preparation, (b) biases towards patients, (c) current clinical environment, and (d) patients’ behaviors affect nurses’ emotions. Additionally, six subthemes were identified. Discussion : This study's results may inform targeted interventions that promote improved self-efficacy among medical-surgical nurses resulting in optimal patient outcomes for people living with diabetes.
eViz - Energy Visualisation for Carbon Reduction

People play a key part in the energy performance of buildings, through design, operation control and management (Mahdavi, 2011). A building’s energy use can be 40 % above expectations (Yu et al., 2011) due to occupant behaviour. Occupants might heat empty rooms, open windows rather than turn down heating, and forget to turn the heating down when they leave the building (Parker et al., 2006). The eViz project presented here is a multi-centre project between four UK Universities that takes an integrated interdisciplinary approach between behaviour and building scientists to reduce energy use and thus carbon in buildings. Addressing the behavioural dimension allows for urgently required immediate responses, whereas many technological solutions have a time horizon of 10 years or more (Dietz et al., 2009). Additionally, behaviour change approaches do not require significant capital investments. A major obstacle in addressing the behavioural dimension is the abstractness and in-visibility of energy (Darby, 2006; Fischer, 2008). If people see a tap running, they can turn it off to save water; but they cannot see heat escaping through a draughty door. If the problem is invisible, sustainable intentions are less likely to be translated into behaviour change of daily routines and habits. People feel psychologically distant from the problem (Pahl & Bauer, 2013). eViz uses energy visualisations to overcome this distance. Pilot data from three early stages will be reported. First, a mental models approach will report on occupant perceptions of energy in the home. Second, pilot data and a feasibility analysis will focus on an in-depth case study of three residential homes. Third, progress on a visualisation intervention in a student hall of residence will be reported. We use both psychological measurement of energy understanding and attitudes and building monitoring data. The eViz project is designed to help influence the complex interaction between people and buildings to meet the carbon emission and energy efficiency targets needed to tackle climate change and ensure a sustainable future.
Varying Nitrogen Fertigation for Cucumbers Grown in Greenhouses with Soil of Optimal or High Nutrient Status

Received: September 29, 2021 Revised: November 17, 2021 Accepted: February 21, 2022 Edited by Kangho Jung, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Korea ORCID Yang-Min Kim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-5845 Chan-Wook Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8901-8631 Ye-Jin Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-846X The standard growth-stage-based fertigation schedule has provided the weekly supply amount of fertilizer considering the expecting yield with no regard of soil nutrient status. The study aimed to examine if fertigation with nitrogen applied at a standard rate results in the best cucumber yield in two greenhouses with different soil nutrient levels, i.e. optimal and high. We investigated the nitrogen (N) uptake pattern of cucumbers with the different nitrogen supply levels which included half the standard rate (N0.5), the standard rate (N1) and double the standard rate (N2). In year 2020, the N1 amendment resulted in highest yield in the soil with optimal nutrient level, however, lower N0.5 resulted in higher yield in the high-nutrient soil. In year 2021, there was no statistical difference in the yield by different nitrogen supply levels in both soils with optimal and high nutrient level. Soil NO3-N remained low in the low nutrient soil regardless of the amount of N supplied, but soil NO3-N was high in the high nutrient soil supplied with N2. The Partial Factor Productivity of Nitrogen (PFPN) was highest in the N0.5 and it decreased as N supply increased in the optimal and high nutrient soil. In conclusion, a precise fertigation schedule is needed to be set with the consideration of the soil nutrient status.
Discovering Product Innovation Potential within Existing Product Architectures

New and innovative products are drivers for successful and sustainable growth of companies. Only a continuous stream of innovations can defend established market segments and create new markets for the company. Especially for European companies, innovations offer the opportunity for differentiation against competitors and therewith help to consist the present cost pressure mainly coming from Asian countries. Thereby, innovation inherent risks regarding limited product success, longer development times and quality lacks threaten the success of the innovation process. With this paper, a new approach is introduced, which aims at the reduction of the risks in the innovation processes. This is realized by shifting the focus from a customer requirement driven innovation screening to a product portfolio based innovation approach. The idea is to identify innovation opportunities within existing portfolios to maximize the use of existing company capabilities.
Syntactic vs. phonological areas: A quantitative perspective on Hessian dialects

Abstract This paper takes a quantitative perspective on data from the project Syntax hessischer Dialekte (SyHD), covering dialects in the German state of Hesse, an area with rich dialectal variation. Many previous dialectometric analyses abstracted away from intralocal variation (e.g., by only counting the most frequent variant at a location). In contrast, we do justice to intralocal variation by taking into account local frequency relations. The study shows that the border between Low German and Central German—one of the most important isoglosses in German dialectology—is not relevant for syntactic phenomena. At the same time, a comparison with character n-grams (a global measure of string similarity) reveals that the traditionally assumed dialect areas, primarily defined according to phonological developments, are still present in the twenty-first century data. Different from previous studies, our results are obtained from a uniform data base. Therefore, the differences between syntax and phonology cannot be due to variation in sampling, elicitation method, or time of elicitation.