Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local readout enhancement for detuned signal-recycling interferometers

High power detuned signal-recycling interferometers currently planned for second-generation interferometric gravitational-wave detectors (for example Advanced LIGO) are characterized by two resonances in the detection band, an optical resonance and an optomechanical resonance which is upshifted from the suspension pendulum frequency due to the so-called optical-spring effect. The detector's sensitivity is enhanced around these two resonances. However, at frequencies below the optomechanical resonance frequency, the sensitivity of such interferometers is significantly lower than non-optical-spring configurations with comparable circulating power; such a drawback can also compromise high-frequency sensitivity, when an optimization is performed on the overall sensitivity of the interferometer to a class of sources. In this paper, we clarify the reason for such a low sensitivity, and propose a way to fix this problem. Motivated by the optical-bar scheme of Braginsky, Gorodetsky, and Khalili, we propose to add a local readout scheme which measures the motion of the arm-cavity front mirror, which at low frequencies moves together with the arm-cavity end mirror, under the influence of gravitational waves. This scheme improves the low-frequency quantum-noise-limited sensitivity of optical-spring interferometers significantly and can be considered as an incorporation of the optical-bar scheme into currently planned second-generation interferometers. On the other hand it can be regarded as an extension of the optical-bar scheme. Taking compact binary inspiral signals as an example, we illustrate how this scheme can be used to improve the sensitivity of the planned Advanced LIGO interferometer, in various scenarios, using a realistic classical-noise budget. We also discuss how this scheme can be implemented in Advanced LIGO with relative ease.
Sources and Reactions to Stress in Brazilian Lawyers

Job stress can negatively affect the health of employees. As such, the investigation of its characteristics in different professional categories is relevant. The aim in this study was to analyze the predictive power of seven stressors (decision latitude, psychological demands at work, physical demands at work, social support from colleagues, ergonomic stressors, relationships with clients, job insecurity) for job dissatisfaction, depression and psychosomatic problems in a sample of 702 Brazilian lawyers. The data were collected using a Brazilian version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). The results showed that decision latitude and social support were the main negative predictors of stress, while psychological demands and job insecurity were its main positive predictors. These results are discussed in the light of the demand-support-control model, which was used as a framework for the research.
A Potential Approach to Support Pre-Service Teachers' Professional Learning: The Video Analysis of the Authentic Classroom.

This article focused on a deeper analysis of pre-service teachers’ observations of video lessons based on the authentic classrooms across three stages in eight sessions in order to reveal their changes in the abilities to understand pedagogical content knowledge and the effects of specific observation frameworks introduced in the observation sessions. With those aims, we developed the coding schemas at the content and the method level to analyze the pre-service teachers’ observation reports and reflections. It was found that the video lesson analysis based on the authentic classroom teaching has a great potential to support pre-service teachers’ professional learning with the appropriate guidance.
Extensions of the SVM Method to the Non-Linearly Separable Data

The main aim of the paper is to briefly investigate the most significant topics of the currently used methodologies of solving and implementing SVM-based classifier. Following a brief introductory part, the basics of linear SVM and non-linear SVM models are briefly exposed in the next two sections. The problem of soft margin SVM is exposed in the fourth section of the paper. The currently used methods for solving the resulted QP-problem require access to all labeled samples at once and a computation of an optimal solution is of complexity O(N2). Several ap-proaches have been proposed aiming to reduce the computation complexity, as the interior point (IP) methods, and the decomposition methods such as Sequential Minimal Optimization â€“ SMO, as well as gradient-based methods to solving primal SVM problem. Several approaches based on genetic search in solving the more general problem of identifying the optimal type of kernel from pre-specified set of kernel types (linear, polynomial, RBF, Gaussian, Fourier, Bspline, Spline, Sigmoid) have been recently proposed. The fifth section of the paper is a brief survey on the most outstanding new techniques reported so far in this respect.
Shaping of parabolic cylindrical membrane reflectors for the DART precision test bed

The DART is a new telescope architecture consisting of a single aperture formed from two cylindrical parabolic reflectors. The system is ideally suited to using tensioned membranes for the reflective surfaces, owing to the zero Gaussian curvature of a cylindrical parabola. In this paper, we present experimental measurements for shaping the membranes by using curved boundary elements to achieve coarse shaping, and a pair of precision rails shaped by moments and forces at the ends, and lightly pushed into the surface, to provide fine shape control.
New energy sources: Blue energy study in Central America

Blue energy or salinity difference energy takes advantage of the free energy released in a mixture of two solutions with different salinity concentrations as it happens continuously in river mouths. Among the large number of available techniques that aim to harness blue energy, capmix (or capacitive mixing) methods allow to directly extract electrical energy without the need of any electromechanical converter such as turbines or heat engines. The main goal of this article is to analyze the potential of blue energy by capmix methods in Central America. So far, blue energy studies have been principally carried out in countries from the global North. Therefore, we describe experimental results with real sea and river waters from the Gulf of Fonseca, an area of special interest due to its hydrographic richness, which is situated among Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. An electrochemical cell, which consists of a pair of activated carbon electrodes coated with cationic and anionic polyelectrolyte layers, r.
About the Zero Mach Number Assumption in the Calculation of Thermoacoustic Instabilities

This paper presents an analytical/numerical study of the effects of the mean flow on thermoacoustic instabilities. Simple quasi-1D configurations such as a 1D premixed flame in a duct connected to a nozzle are considered in order to investigate to what extent the frequency of oscillation and growth rate are modified when the Mach number is not zero. It is demonstrated that the zero Mach number assumption for the mean flow can lead to significant errors, especially when the mean flow is not isentropic, a condition which is always met in combustion applications. The analysis confirms that terms involving the mean velocity may contribute to the disturbance energy equation as much as the flame forcing ('Rayleigh') term. Besides, the net effect of the non zero Mach number terms on the stability of the modes strongly depends on both the boundary conditions and the flame response. For moderate Mach number values of order 0.05, the errors made by assuming that the mean flow is at rest are large enough to change the stability of the frequencies of interest in an academic combustor.
Acceptability and feasibility of immediate postpartum IUCD insertion in a tertiary care centre in Central India

Background: This study was conducted to assess the acceptability and feasibility of immediate postpartum intrauterine contraception device insertion after vaginal deliveries in a tertiary care centre in Central India. Aims: To study acceptability, feasibility & complications of immediate PPIUCD. Methods: This is a prospective analytical study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PCMS & RC Bhopal. 200 eligible postpartum women were counselled for IUCD insertion. After consent, Cu-T 380 A insertion was done. These women were also interviewed for their reasons for accepting and rejecting PPIUCD and their preference for other forms of contraception. Follow-up was done at 6 week or when they reported with any complaint. Results: Out of 200 eligible postpartum patient counselled, 72 (36%) women underwent PPIUCD insertion which was significantly low as compared to preference to use of other methods of contraception at a later date (66%). Acceptance of PPIUCD was higher in the age group of 21-29 years (35%), para-1 (48%), and educated (60%) clients. Expulsion rate was 22%. There was no case of perforation or any other major complication. 52 cases (72%) reported for follow up. 43% of cases were comfortable with PPIUCD at 6 weeks. There was no case of perforation, PID reported in our study. Only one patient reported with intrauterine pregnancy at 6months with IUCD in place. Conclusions: PPIUCD was not very acceptable in our set up but it is a safe, highly effective, long acting, cost effective method of contraception with very few side effects and no major complication and contraindication. The feasibility of accepting PPIUCD insertion can increase with antenatal counselling and institutional deliveries.
Real-time monitoring of cadmium toxicity in rabbit kidney cells

The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of the metal salt cadmium chloride dihydrate on the rabbit kidney cell line using the xCELLigence system or real-time cell analyser (RTCA), and to compare this relatively new method with standard biological cytotoxicity assays. This system provides real-time monitoring of cell behaviour and proliferative activity during the whole time of experiment. Moreover, after 24 h exposure of cells to cadmium, colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-difenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used to measure the metabolic activity and cytotoxicity was determined by measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leaked from damaged cells. We found that renal cells exposed to lower concentrations (5–10 mg·l -1 ) of cadmium tend to grow similarly to control cells, however, cell index was significantly different ( P < 0.05) after 24 h. With increasing concentration of cadmium (15–50 mg·l -1 ) significantly lower proliferative ( P < 0.05) and metabolic activity (P < 0.05) of cells was observed and cytotoxicity increased simultaneously (P < 0.001). In addition, we found that the real-time monitoring of the cell response was significantly correlated with commonly used biological methods for toxicity measurement, for MTT assay R2 was 0.9448 (P < 0.01) and for LDH assay R 2 was 0.9466 (P < 0.01), respectively. The present study is the first report when combination of RTCA, MTT assay and LDH test was used for cadmium nephrotoxicity assessment. In all these methods, the toxic effect of cadmium on rabbit kidney cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner. xCELLigence system, nephrotoxicity, cytotoxicity, lactate dehydrogenase
Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of (8,0) Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes on Acidity of Aliphatic Alcohols

ONIOM calculation is carried out to estimate the acidity of five aliphatic alcohols before and after adsorbing on the tip of (8,0) single-walled carbon nanotube. The ONIOM method is performed using a combination of density functional theory and AM1 semiemperical method for alcohols and their corresponding conjugated bases. Deprotonation Gibbs free energies of alcohols are calculated and compared before and after adsorbing on the nanotube. Solute-solvent interactions are taken into account by employing the conductor polarized continuum model (CPCM). The results show that the acidity of alcohols change after adsorbing on the nanotubes and these alcohols have a little effect on (8,0) SWCNT.
High resolution inventory of re-estimating ammonia emissions from agricultural fertilizer in China from 1978 to 2008

This is an interesting and well-written manuscript describing the development of a higher spatial resolution emission-factor based ammonia inventory. I particularly appreciated the policy-focussed trend discussion. This is a potentially important contribution for air quality modeling in China, but beyond comparison to previous inventories, it is missing discussions of the validity of many of the assumptions needed for its development beyond “it is what was done previously. ” It is also lacking comparison of emission estimates to observations, but adequate data sets may not be available. The article listed below may not have been available at the time this draft was first written,
Monte Carlo Simulations of Complexation between Weak Polyelectrolytes and a Charged Nanoparticle. Influence of Polyelectrolyte Chain Length and Concentration

Complexation between multiple weak polyacid chains and a positively charged spherical nanoparticle has been studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations. By considering titration curves, it is found that variations in the polyacid chain length and concentration and the polyacid-to-nanoparticle mixing ratio influence the ionization of the system. For larger mixing ratios and longer chain lengths, the titration curves start to exhibit complex shapes with multiple inflection points. We also find that in some cases it is possible to differentiate between free and adsorbed chains, based on the charge probability distribution and the probability distribution of the gyration radius. Furthermore, the adsorption of weak polyacids has been compared with that of strong polyacids, and the fraction of adsorbed monomers is found to be slightly larger for the strong polyacids. In addition, the fraction of adsorbed chains can be much lower for the weak polyacids due to their ability to concentrate charge in few chains.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PLANETARY TRANSMISSIONS TO BE USED IN RES

The paper main objective is to compare three planetary speed increasers to be used in renewable energy systems, especially in wind and small hydro applications. The comparison is meant to identify the proper solutions that fulfils the requirements for this kind of applications: to have an efficiency as good as possible, to increase up to 5 times the speed of the turbine shaft to the generator(for hydro systems) and up to 10 times (for wind turbines), to have reduced overall dimensions and technological costs.
First-principles calculations of native defects in tin monoxide

The formation energies and electronic structure of native defects in tin monoxide are investigated by first-principles calculations. Equilibrium defect concentrations, which are obtained using the calculated formation energies and charge neutrality, indicate that the tin vacancy is the dominant defect under oxygen-rich conditions. It forms shallow acceptor states, suggesting that the $p$-type conductivity of tin monoxide originates from the tin vacancy. The equilibrium concentration of the oxygen interstitial is comparable with the tin vacancy at elevated temperatures. However, it is hardly ionized and therefore not expected to contribute to the conductivity. The concentrations of donorlike defects such as the tin interstitial and the oxygen vacancy are low enough not to compensate holes generated by the tin vacancy.
On Testudo graeca Linnaeus, 1758 Specimens of Mardin Province

Twenty-four (16 male, 8 female) specimens of the Mediterranean spur-thighed tortoise Testudo graeca were examined from Mardin, southeastern Turkey. For morphological comparisons, 15 morphometric characters and 31 ratios developed by combinations of straight carapace length (SCL) and straight carapace width (SCW) were investigated. Males and females were differentiated from one another in terms of straight carapace length/curved carapace length (SCL/CCL), straight carapace length/plastron length (SCL/PL), straight carapace length/abdominal suture length (SCL/AbSL), straight carapace length/anal suture length (SCL/ASL), plastron length/plastron width 1 (PL/PW1), carapace width/straight carapace length (SCW/SCL), carapace width/anal suture length (SCW/ASL), and carapace width/plastron width 1 (SCW/PW1) according to the results of independent t-tests. Females were generally larger than males. The maximum SCL (208.6 mm) was measured in a female. The color of the carapace and plastron was inconsistent and thigh tubercles typically extended in an inwardly curved direction with sharply pointed apices. This character was the most remarkable in distinguishing the Mardin specimens from the pure ibera race, which possesses conical thigh tubercles.
Discovery of Pterobranchia [Graptolithoidea] in the Permian

The fossil remains of a hemichordate exoskeleton, recognized as fragments of the stolons and their cyst-like swellings connected with the fusellar zooidal tubes, were derived by chemical isolations from Late Permian (Kazanian) mudstones of the Svalis Dome (central Barents Sea, Norway). These fossils, referred to as Diplohydra szaniawskii sp. nov., are the first undoubted representatives of the class Graptolithoidea found in Permian deposits. The genus Diplohydra Kozlowski, 1959, known previously only from the Ordovician and originally established as a thecate hydroid taxon, is reinterpreted as an aberrant member of the order Rhabdopleuroidea. This strange hemichordate, characterized by fusellar tubes distinctly narrower than stolon-like tubes and their swellings, reveals a certain degree of dimorphism in the stolon system. D. szaniawskii sp. nov. also displays some peculiar morphological features common to the Ordovician rhabdopleuroid genus Rhabdopleurites Kozlowski and the stolonoid genus Stolonodendrum Kozlowski.
Human Body Detection Model Based on Haar-HOG Algorithm

For the existence of single Haar algorithm and HOG algorithm in the movement of human detection, a moving body detection model based on Haar-HOG is presented in this paper. Firstly, the fast extraction of the feature based on the rectangular region is realized by using the integral image to optimize the operation speed of the Haar algorithm. Then, after the target feature is extracted, posterior probability of the HOG characteristics and Haar characteristics is estimated respectively. And the joint probability density of Haar and HOG is obtained. Finally, the HOG feature is integrated with the Haar feature, and the weak classifier is trained. The simulation results show that the Haar-HOG algorithm proposed in this paper is more accurate than the single Haar algorithm and the HOG algorithm.
P5.8 - Light-stimulated hydrogel actuators with incorporated graphene oxide for microfluidic applications

Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles, which are able to convert light energy into heat, were incorporated into temperature-sensitive Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (P-NIPAAm) hydrogels. In contrast to pure P-NIPAAm hydrogels, the new polymers with GO showed significant sensitivity towards light as a stimulus. The photothermal conversion and heating process of hydrogels under illumination were investigated by IRthermography. Furthermore, first experiments for a possible application as light-driven microvalves within lab-on-chip systems were performed.
Intersectional Directions in Working Life Research—a Proposal

A central challenge to gender studies during the last 15 years has been the expanding field of intersectionality. The use of intersectional perspectives within working life research has explored how class, sexuality, and race difference affected women's position in the labor market. The aim of this article is to argue for the need of including an intersectional perspective in the field of working life research. By taking our point of departure in the work of feminist scholars Joan Acker, Miriam Glucksmann, and Chandra Talpade Mohanty, we argue that an intersectional perspective can expand as well as challenge working life research. But we also argue that working life research in many ways can contribute to the field of intersectional studies, especially by placing issues of exploitation, distribution, and production at the core of intersectional analyses.
Hot-spot model for accretion disc variability as random process - II. Mathematics of the power-spectrum break frequency

Context. We study some general properties of accretion disc variability in the context of stationary random processes. In partic ular, we are interested in mathematical constraints that can be imposed on the functional form of the Fourier power-spectrum density (PSD) that exhibits a multiply broken shape and several local maxima. Aims. We develop a methodology for determining the regions of the model parameter space that can in principle reproduce a PSD shape with a given number and position of local peaks and breaks of the PSD slope. Given the vast space of possible parameters, it is an important requirement that the method is fast in estimating the PSD shape for a given parameter set of the model. Methods. We generated and discuss the theoretical PSD profiles of a sho t-noise-type random process with exponentially decaying fl ares. Then we determined conditions under which one, two, or more breaks or local maxima occur in the PSD. We calculated positions of these features and determined the changing slope of the model PSD. Furthermore, we considered the influence of the modulation by the orbi tal motion for a variability pattern assumed to result from an orbiting-spo t model. Results. We suggest that our general methodology can be useful in for describing non-monotonic PSD profiles (such as the trend seen , on different scales, in exemplary cases of the high-mass X-ray binary Cygnus X-1 and the narrow-line Seyfert galaxy Ark 564). We adopt a model where these power spectra are reproduced as a superposition of several Lorentzians with varying amplitudes in the X-ray-band light curve. Our general approach can help in constraining the model parameters and in determining which parts of the parameter space are accessible under various circumstances.
A Single EU Seat in the IMF?

This article examines the rationale for consolidating EU Member States' position in the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Although a substantial amount of co-ordination already takes place, particularly on issues related to the euro area and the single monetary and exchange rate policy, co-operation between EU countries in the IMF remains a relatively new phenomenon and divergences still prevail. The current institutional set-up, whereby the 15 EU countries are spread in nine constituencies, undermines effectiveness. Al though there is scope for further improving co-operation, there are natural limits to what can be achieved within the existing co-operation frame work. A single EU constituency would enable EU Member States to have a strong impact on IMF policies, potentially as strong as that of the US. However, this may not be an objective for all EU countries in the current conjuncture.
Simultaneous Chromium Removal and Power Generation Using Algal Biomass in a Dual Chambered Salt Bridge Microbial Fuel Cell

Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a bio-electrochemical device used essentially for power generation and is now emerging as a sustainable waste treatment system. In this paper, we report detoxification of chromium VI contaminated water using algae biomass in a dual chamber salt bridge MFC. The device showed high chromium removal efficiency with 98% removal achieved in 96 h at pH 2. Initial pH of the cathode solution had a significant effect on device performance with acidic pH values favouring high chromium removal, Open Circuit Potential (OCV), power density and anodic COD removal. The power density value of 207 mW/m 2 and open circuit potential of 760 mV was attained at pH 2. Algae biomass driven MFC thus, proved to be an efficient bioremediation device with good power production.