Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CrossCheck: an ASIC testability solution

A new testability solution, called CrossCheck, is examined; this solution provides a structured test methodology for many types of designs. The test structure consists of an array of test points predesigned into the base array and connected to the design. These test points allow detection of CMOS manufacturing defects modeled as open or shorted interconnects, open or shorted FETs, and shorted nodes, including all nodes within the transistor-level design. This test technology is independent of the design logic and is driven and observed by on-chip test electronics, thereby eliminating many of the design restrictions associated with other testability techniques. Common structured design-for-test techniques are reviewed and compared with CrossCheck technology. CrossCheck is specifically reviewed for its ability to handle classes of circuits that are difficult or impossible to test with the structured techniques. <<ETX>>
Impact of Job Satisfaction , Perceived Organizational Justice and Employee Empowerment on Organizational Commitment in Semi-Government Organizations of Pakistan

This study aims to analyze the impact of organizational justice, employee’s job satisfaction and employee empowerment on organizational commitment of semi government organizations employees. A random sample of 148 employees of Civil Aviation Authority was selected with the help of employee’s job satisfaction, their perception regarding empowerment provided to them by their organization and justice prevailing in their organization was evaluated. The results of these variables were then utilized to probe their effect on organizational commitment.
Physical activity of Canadian children and youth, 2007 to 2015.

BACKGROUND This study describes and compares the percentages of Canadian children and youth who adhere to different operational definitions of the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendation of 60 minutes per day. DATA AND METHODS Data for 6- to 17-year-olds (n = 5,608) were collected from 2007 through 2015 as part of the Canadian Health Measures Survey. MVPA was measured using the Actical accelerometer. The MVPA recommendation was operationalized as accumulating 60 minutes of MVPA every day, on most days, and on average. RESULTS Data from the most recent cycle of the Canadian Health Measures Survey indicate that 7% of children and youth accumulated at least 60 minutes of MVPA on at least 6 out of 7 days, and 33% achieved a weekly average of at least 60 minutes per day. Boys accumulated more MVPA than did girls, and 6- to 11-year-olds accumulated more MVPA than did 12- to 17-year-olds. Regardless of how adherence to the recommendation is operationalized, MVPA levels among Canadian children and youth did not change over the 9-year period from 2007 to 2015. INTERPRETATION The majority of Canadian children do not meet the physical activity recommendation, regardless of the operational definition used. However, the discrepancies between results based on different interpretations of the 60-minutes-per-day recommendation highlight the importance of explicitly reporting how recommendations are operationalized to avoid misinterpreting trends and comparisons.
Thermohaline Circulation Variability in the NCAR Climate System Model (CSM)

We describe here the decadal/interdecadal variability found in the thermohaline structure and circulation in the North Atlantic domain from the first multi-century numerical integration of the Climate System Model developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Emphasis is placed upon the high latitude thermohaline behavior in the upper ocean and main thermocline, from about 30°N to 80°N, where the strongest variability occurs. A rich structure of oceanic variability is found and elucidated by relating it to some aspects of the air-sea and ice-ocean interactions. Important timescales of oceanic variability in the decadal/interdecadal range are found at 8-12 years and at 30-50 years, with distinct spatial structures. The 30-50 year band, in particular, is associated with patterns of surface anomalies similar to the ones found in the GFDL coupled model in the same frequency range. The evolution of these anomalies also appears to be quite similar in the two models. The decadal signals are associated with smaller spatial scales. Southward propagation of these anomalies along the eastern coast of North America suggests the possibility of an important role played by wave dynamics in the model thermohaline variability.
A research facility for evaluating cyber-security approaches within corporate-scale networks and under operational conditions

The increased reliance on IT technologies has given rise to an increased risks relative to malicious cyber-security events. Research into the operational testing of cyber-security solutions, particularly within large-scale high bandwidth network environments, has not kept pace with the development of new security approaches and ever increasing network speeds. Current testing methods are generally limited to: (a) experiments conducted on small-scale research networks, (b) experiments conducted on pre-recorded network data or (c) active deployments on operational large scale networks. In the each case, issues exist either in the representativeness of the test environments to real world situations or the scientific repeatability of the experiments or both. A particularly complex issue is the sensitivity of reported results to background (normal) traffic characteristics existing at the time of experimentation. This work, presents the architecture of a cyber-security test facility under development designed address these issues.
Adult obesity.

OBJECTIVES Based on direct measures of height and weight, this article compares the prevalence of obesity among adults aged 18 or older in 1978/79 and 2004. Prevalence by demographic, socio-economic and lifestyle characteristics is presented, along with associations between obesity and selected chronic conditions. Canadian and US data are also compared. DATA SOURCES Data are from the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey: Nutrition, the 1978/79 Canada Health Survey and the 1986 to 1992 Canadian Heart Health Surveys. US data are from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the proportion of adults who were obese in 2004 in relation to selected characteristics. Logistic regression models were used to examine relationships between obesity and high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease, controlling for socio-economic status and other risk factors such as smoking and physical activity. MAIN RESULTS In 2004, 23% of adults, 5.5 million people aged 18 or older, were obese--up substantially from 14% in 1978/79. An additional 36% (8.6 million) were overweight. Obese individuals tended to have sedentary leisure-time pursuits and to consume fruit and vegetables infrequently. As body mass index (BMI) increased, so did an individual's likelihood of reporting high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease.
Theorem on the origin of phase transitions.

For physical systems described by smooth, finite-range, and confining microscopic interaction potentials V with continuously varying coordinates, we announce and outline the proof of a theorem that establishes that, unless the equipotential hypersurfaces of configuration space Sum(v)=[(q(1),. ,q(N)) subset R(N)/V(q(1),. ,q(N))=v], v subset R, change topology at some v(c) in a given interval [v(0),v(1)] of values v of V, the Helmoltz free energy must be at least twice differentiable in the corresponding interval of inverse temperature (beta(v(0)),beta(v(1))) also in the N--> infinity limit. Thus, the occurrence of a phase transition at some beta(c)=beta(v(c)) is necessarily the consequence of the loss of diffeomorphicity among the [Sigma(v)](vv(c)), which is the consequence of the existence of critical points of V on Sigma(v=v(c)), that is, points where inverted Delta V=0.
Ultrastructural Changes Induced by 12‐O‐Tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐Acetate in Pure Cholinergic Synaptosomes of Torpedo Electric Organ

: We have studied the morphological changes induced by the phorbol ester 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA) treatment on pure cholinergic synaptosomes from Torpedo electric organ. These changes were studied by both ultrathin sections and freeze‐fracture techniques We found that after a treatment with TPA, a redistribution of synaptic vesicles inside the nerve endings and exocytotic images could be observed. Also, TPA, under conditions that induced the acctylcholme release, did not change the density of mtramembrane particles at the synaptosomal protoplasmic hemimembrane leaflet. Similar results were found when calcium was not present in the extrasynaptosomal medium, and our results suggest that acetylcrioline release induced by phorbol ester is probably mediated by exocytosis of synaptic vesicles.
Gamma interferon-induced nitric oxide production reduces Chlamydia trachomatis infectivity in McCoy cells

McCoy cells, murine-derived cells commonly used for propagation of chlamydiae, were found to be efficient producers of nitric oxide (NO) when primed with murine gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and then exposed to the second signals provided by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, human interleukin-1 alpha, murine tumor necrosis factor alpha, or Chlamydia trachomatis type H. Murine recombinant IFN-gamma over a range of 0 to 50 U/ml inhibited infectivity of C. trachomatis type H in a dose-dependent fashion in McCoy cells while simultaneously inducing NO production. Quantitation of infectious chlamydia progeny remaining in McCoy cells 48 or 72 h postinfection revealed that IFN-gamma-primed McCoy cells reduced chlamydial inclusion-forming units (expressed as units per milliliter) by 4 log10 units at higher IFN-gamma concentrations (50 U/ml) compared with control values. The magnitude of this antichlamydial effect was directly related to increased synthesis of NO, the production of which was IFN-gamma dose dependent. The antichlamydial effects of IFN-gamma were blocked in a dose-dependent manner by the addition of N-guanidino-monomethyl L-arginine (MLA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. These results suggest that although IFN-gamma priming of McCoy cells is required for antichlamydial activity, nitric oxide is a necessary effector molecule involved in the mechanism(s) of IFN-gamma-induced inhibition of chlamydial proliferation in this murine cell line. The ability to block the potent antichlamydial effects of IFN-gamma by inhibition of a specific enzyme, nitric oxide synthase, may give insights into mechanisms by which IFN-gamma and perhaps other cytokines are able to control proliferation of chlamydiae and other intracellular pathogens.
Dynamic histone H 3 methylation during gene induction : HYPB / Setd 2 mediates all H 3 K 36 trimethylation

Understanding the function of histone modifications across inducible genes in mammalian cells requires quantitative, comparative analysis of their fate during gene activation and identification of enzymes responsible. We produced high-resolution comparative maps of the distribution and dynamics of H3K4me3, H3K36me3, H3K79me2 and H3K9ac across c-fos and c-jun upon gene induction in murine fibroblasts. In unstimulated cells, continuous turnover of H3K9 acetylation occurs on all K4-trimethylated histone H3 tails; distribution of both modifications coincides across promoter and 50 part of the coding region. In contrast, K36and K79-methylated H3 tails, which are not dynamically acetylated, are restricted to the coding regions of these genes. Upon stimulation, transcriptiondependent increases in H3K4 and H3K36 trimethylation are seen across coding regions, peaking at 50 and 30 ends, respectively. Addressing molecular mechanisms involved, we find that Huntingtin-interacting protein HYPB/Setd2 is responsible for virtually all global and transcriptiondependent H3K36 trimethylation, but not H3K36-monoor dimethylation, in these cells. These studies reveal four distinct layers of histone modification across inducible mammalian genes and show that HYPB/Setd2 is responsible for H3K36 trimethylation throughout the mouse nucleus. The EMBO Journal (2008) 27, 406–420. doi:10.1038/ sj.emboj. 7601967; Published online 20 December 2007 Subject Categories: chromatin & transcription
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of mometasone furoate dry powder inhaler to budesonide Turbuhaler.

Mometasone furoate (MF) administered by dry powder inhaler (DPI) was composed with budesonide (BUD) Turbuhaler in the treatment of moderate persistent asthma. The patients were randomized to one of four treatment groups: MF DPI (100, 200, 400 microg b.i.d) or BUD Turbuhaler. 400 microg b.i. d in a 12-week, active-controlled, evaluator-blind, multicentre international trial. The primary efficacy variable was the mean change from baseline to endpoint (last treatment visit) in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Changes in FEV1 showed a statistically significant superiority (p<0.05) of MF DPI 200 and 400 microg b.i. d compared with the BUD Turbuhaler 400 microg b.i. d treatment. Significant superiority (p<0.05) was also seen in scores for several secondary efficacy variables when MF DPI was compared with BUD Turbuhaler treatment. MF DPI 200 microg b.i. d was comparable to MF DPI 400 microg b.i. d in therapeutic benefit. The incidence of oral candidiasis was no more than 3% in any group. All treatments were well tolerated. A total daily dose of 400 microg of mometasone furoate administered by dry powder inhaler provides a well-tolerated treatment for patients with moderate persistent asthma and results in a significantly greater improvement, when compared to a daily dose of 800 microg BUD Turbuhaler in the parameters measured in this study.
Randomized Safety Inspections and Risk Exposure on the Job: Quasi-Experimental Estimates of the Value of a Statistical Life

The value of a statistical life (VSL) is a critical driver of estimated benefits for federal policies designed to improve human health, safety, and environmental exposures. The vast majority of empirical evidence on the magnitude of the VSL arises from hedonic wage models that have been plagued by measurement error and omitted variables. To address these limitations, this paper employs randomly assigned workplace safety inspections to instrument for plant-level risks in a quasi-experimental design. We provide credible causal evidence for the existence of compensating wages for fatality risks and estimate a VSL between $(2016)8 million and $(2016)10 million. (JEL J17, J28, J31, K32)
A Retrospective Study on Anthropometrical, Physical Fitness, and Motor Coordination Characteristics That Influence Dropout, Contract Status, and First-Team Playing Time in High-Level Soccer Players Aged Eight to Eighteen Years

Abstract Deprez, DN, Fransen, J, Lenoir, M, Philippaerts, RM, and Vaeyens, R. A retrospective study on anthropometrical, physical fitness, and motor coordination characteristics that influence dropout, contract status, and first-team playing time in high-level soccer players aged eight to eighteen years. J Strength Cond Res 29(6): 1692–1704, 2015—The goal of this article was twofold, and a 2-study approach was conducted. The first study aimed to expose the anthropometrical, physical performance, and motor coordination characteristics that influence dropout from a high-level soccer training program in players aged 8–16 years. The mixed-longitudinal sample included 388 Belgian youth soccer players who were assigned to either a “club group” or a “dropout group. ” In the second study, cross-sectional data of anthropometry, physical performance, and motor coordination were retrospectively explored to investigate which characteristics influence future contract status (contract vs. no contract group) and first-team playing time for 72 high-level youth soccer players (mean age = 16.2 years). Generally, club players outperformed their dropout peers for motor coordination, soccer-specific aerobic endurance, and speed. Anthropometry and estimated maturity status did not discriminate between club and dropout players. Contract players jumped further (p = 0.011) and had faster times for a 5-m sprint (p = 0.041) than no contract players. The following prediction equation explains 16.7% of the variance in future playing minutes in adolescent youth male soccer players: −2,869.3 + 14.6 × standing broad jump. Practitioners should include the evaluation of motor coordination, aerobic endurance, and speed performances to distinguish high-level soccer players further succeeding a talent development program and future dropout players, between 8 and 16 years. From the age of 16 years, measures of explosivity are supportive when selecting players into a future professional soccer career.
Differentiated Services (Diffserv) and Real-Time Communication

This memo describes the interaction between Differentiated Services (Diffserv) network quality-of-service (QoS) functionality and real- time network communication, including communication based on the Real- time Transport Protocol (RTP). Diffserv is based on network nodes applying different forwarding treatments to packets whose IP headers are marked with different Diffserv Codepoints (DSCPs). WebRTC applications, as well as some conferencing applications, have begun using the Session Description Protocol (SDP) bundle negotiation mechanism to send multiple traffic streams with different QoS requirements using the same network 5-tuple. The results of using multiple DSCPs to obtain different QoS treatments within a single network 5-tuple have transport protocol interactions, particularly with congestion control functionality (e.g., reordering). In addition, DSCP markings may be changed or removed between the traffic source and destination. This memo covers the implications of these Diffserv aspects for real-time network communication, including WebRTC.
Impact of magnet losses on optimal design of a high speed synchronous machine

In this paper, we investigate the effect of magnet losses on the optimal design of a high speed synchronous machine. The considered synchronous machine is a surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator running at 30 krpm. This generator is charging up a constant-current load through a full-wave bridge rectifier. It was found that the segmentation is effective only if the magnets width is lower than the largest skin depth considered. Hence, the circumferential segmentation of the magnets is not suitable for machines presenting low value of skin depth. Further, neglecting magnet losses leads to an over estimation of the optimal power density of the machine.
DNA recognition element required for PUF-I mediated cell-type-specific transcription of the rat prolactin gene

The cell-type-specific transcription of the prolactin gene in vitro is mediated through the interaction of prolactin upstream factor I (PUF-I) with a 28 basepair region of the gene promoter (-63 to -36) which contains an 18 bp A+T-rich imperfect palindrome (-63 to -46). Base substitutions were introduced into 16 of the 18 palindromic residues by targeted saturation mutagenesis. The GH3 binding and in vitro transcription assays of the mutated promoters showed that base substitutions within the 5'-ATATTCA-3' sequence located at -52 to -46 were detrimental to PUF-I binding and its cell-type-specific transcriptional enhancement activity. Transcription assays of the mutated promoters performed with several nonpituitary-derived extracts demonstrated that a distal TATA box located from -59 to -53 promotes initiation at -27. Thus, the cell-type-specific cis- acting element required by PUF-I for DNA recognition is immediately adjacent to a general TATA sequence. Base substitutions that decreased +1 transcription and PUF-I binding concomitantly increased -27 initiation of RNA in vitro. We suggest that PUF-I binding in pituitary cells potentiates +1 transcription and represses alternative TATA box activity for initiation events occurring at -27. This is the first known report of a eukaryotic DNA binding protein that has both an activator and repressor activity for a single transcription unit.
A Multi-Site Controlled Trial of the R&R2MHP Cognitive Skills Program for Mentally Disordered Female Offenders

This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of delivering the Reasoning and Rehabilitation Mental Health Program (R&R2MHP) to female mentally disordered offenders detained in medium and low secure hospital settings. Group treatment participants (N = 18) and control participants receiving treatment as usual (N = 20) completed self-report measures pre- and post-group. An informant measure of ward behavior was also completed by staff. Violent attitudes and locus of control were assessed at 3-month follow-up. Program completion was excellent (89%). A conservative intention-to-treat analysis found significant treatment effects post-group for positive problem-solving orientation, rational problem-solving style, and locus of control (medium-large effect), but no treatment effect for violent attitudes, anger, and ward behavior. At follow-up, a large treatment effect was found for locus of control. Ad hoc per protocol analyses found a large treatment effect for ward behavior. The findings provide preliminary support for the feasibility and utility of delivering R&R2MHP to females in secure psychiatric settings.
Isolation of Protein-Glycogen Complexes from Rat Skeletal Muscle in Acute Uremia: Role of Serine

Abstract Attempts were made to isolate an intact protein–glycogen complex from rat skeletal muscle in acute and chronic uremia and after different treatment regimes. In control animals the amount of glycogen in the 30-pellet fraction was 16.5 mg and in rats with chronic uremia 27.6 mg. The yields of glycogen phosphorylase and synthetase do not correlate with the quantity of glycogen during isolation. In the presence of ATP, calcium, and magnesium, flash activation of phosphorylase was four to six times slower in rat than in rabbit muscle. In acute uremia, after feeding a mixed low-protein diet and Walser ketoacid mixture, a protein–glycogen complex could not be isolated. Additional administration of propranolol resulted in yields of only 10 and 7 μg glycogen after binephrectomy and ureter ligation, respectively. In contrast, glycogen concentration increased dramatically after sham operation (4.55 mg glycogen/mg protein). Additional administration of high doses of serine resulted in an increase of glycogen in the complex of 21.5 mg (134.3 μg glycogen/mg protein) in acute uremia. Kinetic analysis of phosphorylase activation in the presence of ATP, calcium, and magnesium indicated an intact protein–glycogen complex under these conditions. Glycogen concentrations were correlated with phosphorylase phosphatase activity. Constant amounts of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase were isolated under all conditions tested. Our data suggest a key role of serine in the glycogen metabolism of muscle in acute uremia.