Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Batch Adsorption of Synthetic Dye by Maclura Pomifera, a New Eco-Friendly Waste Biomass: Experimental Studies and Modeling

Abstract The removal of Methylene blue (MB) from aqueous medium using alkaline modified Maclura pomifera (NaOH-MMP) has been studied in this work. Results showed that a pH value of 6 was favorable for the adsorption of MB. Rate constants of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and nth kinetic model were determined to analyze the dynamic of the adsorption process; they showed that adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order and nth kinetic models. The Sips isotherm model was found to be the most relevant to describe MB sorption onto NaOH-MMP with a correlation factor R2 > 0.999. The adsorption capacity of NaOH-MMP was found to be 160 mg g−1 at 25 °C, confirming its biosorbent efficiency for the removal of MB dye from aqueous solutions. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the MB adsorption onto adsorbent was feasible in nature, spontaneous, and exothermique.
Recovery of Itaconic Acid by Electrodialysis

Abstract Itaconic acid is an organic acid produced mainly for non-food purposes. It can be manufactured by biotechnological synthesis using various strains which results in the salt form of the acid. In this work, the separation of sodium itaconate by electrodialysis was studied. Homopolar cation- and anion-selective membranes were applied and the module was operated under a constant voltage. The transport of the acid was followed by on-line ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, where the detector was installed in the system. The experiments with models of aqueous solutions confirmed that the technique is suitable for the effective recovery of itaconic acid.
RP-HPLC method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of Cilnidipine, Atenolol and Chlorthalidone

A simple precise and economical reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Cilnidipine (CDP), Atenolol (ATL) and Chlorthalidone (CTD). The chromatographic separation was achieved by using Hypersil- keystone C18 (4.6 x 250mm, 5μm) under isocratic conditions The mobile phase consisted of methanol and triple distilled water (80/20, v/v) having pH 7 with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The eluents were monitored at 225 nm for simultaneous measurement.The selected chromatographic conditions were found to effectively separate CDP (Rt: 3.25 min), ATL (Rt: 5.366 min) and CTD (Rt: 9.025 min) having good resolution. The developed method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, robustness and for system suitability parameters as per ICH guidelines. In this study, an excellent linearity was obtained with r2 = 0.999, r² = 0.999, r² = 1, for CDP, ATL and CTD respectively. The developed chromatographic method proved to be simple, precise, accurate, robust and reproducible Thus, this method would be employed for routine simultaneous quantification of CDP, ATL and CTD in bulk form or tablet dosage form. Keywords: Cilnidipine, Atenolol and Chlorthalidone, RP-HPLC.
Complex refractive index, single scattering albedo, and mass absorption coefficient of secondary organic aerosols generated from oxidation of biogenic and anthropogenic precursors

Abstract Refractive index and optical properties of biogenic and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles were investigated. Aerosol precursors, namely longifolene, α-pinene, 1-methylnaphthalene, phenol, and toluene were oxidized in a Teflon chamber to produce SOA particles under different initial hydrocarbon concentrations and hydroxyl radical sources, reflecting exposures to different levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The real and imaginary components (n and k, respectively) of the refractive index at 375 nm and 632 nm were determined by Mie theory calculations through an iterative process, using the χ2 function to evaluate the fitness of the predicted optical parameters with the measured scattering, absorption, and extinction coefficients from a Photoacoustic Extinctiometer and Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift Spectrometer. Single scattering albedo (SSA) and bulk mass absorption coefficient (MAC) at 375 nm were calculated. SSA values of SOA particles from biogenic precursors (longifolene and α-pinene) were ∼0.98–0.99 (∼6.3% uncertainty), reflecting purely scattering aerosols regardless of the NOx regime. However, SOA particles from aromatic precursors were more absorbing and displayed NOx-dependent SSA values. For 1-methylnaphthalene SOA particles, SSA values of 0.92–0.95 and ∼0.75–0.90 (∼6.1% uncertainty) were observed under intermediate- and high-NOx conditions, respectively, reflecting the absorbing effects of SOA particles and NOx chemistry for this aromatic system. In mixtures of longifolene and phenol or longifolene and toluene SOA under intermediate- and high-NOx conditions, k values of the aromatic-related component of the SOA mixture were higher than that of 1-methylnaphthalene SOA particles. With the increase in OH exposure, kphenol decreased from 0.10 to 0.02 and 0.22 to 0.05 for intermediate- and high-NOx conditions, respectively. A simple relative radiative forcing calculation for urban environments at λ = 375 nm suggests the influence of absorbing SOA particles on relative radiative forcing at this wavelength is most significant for aerosol sizes greater than 0.4 µm. Copyright © 2019 American Association for Aerosol Research
Identification of α-amylase gene by PCR and activity of thermostable α-amylase from thermophilic Anoxybacillus thermarum isolated from Remboken hot spring in Minahasa, Indonesia

Information of thermophilic bacteria in Indonesian hot springs is limited, especially in the province of North Sulawesi. The study aims to isolate and identify thermophilic bacteria from Remboken hot springs at Minahasa Indonesia, identify the α-amylase gene and its enzyme activity. To identify the thermophilic bacteria, it was conducted the morphological analysis and biochemistry tests. Th microbial species was identified using PCR and sequencing of 16S rRNA followed by BLAST search on the EZBioCloud database, whereas the α-amylase gene was identified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Starch hydrolysis test was used to analyze α-amylase activity qualitatively. It was done using iodine method (Fuwa method). The results showed that thermophilic bacteria isolated belong to the species Ureibacillus suwonensis, Anoxybacillus thermarum, and Anoxybacillus mongoliensis. PCR analysis showed that Anoxybacillus thermarum FRM-RBK02 possesses an α-amylase gene. The strain was able to hydrolyze amylose, indicated by a clear zone around the growth; hence exhibiting α-amylase activity. The the crude amylase of Anoxybacillus thermarum FRM-RBK02 exhibited optimum activity at 80°C and pH 7.0. Overall, Anoxybacillus thermarum FRM-RBK02 has α-amylase gene and could produce thermostable α-amylase with amylolytic capability.
Smart Supramolecular “Trojan Horse”‐Inspired Nanogels for Realizing Light‐Triggered Nuclear Drug Influx in Drug‐Resistant Cancer Cells

Efficient nuclear delivery of anticancer drugs evading drug efflux transporters (DETs) on the plasma and nuclear membranes of multidrug‐resistant cancer cells is highly challenging. Here, smart nanogels are designed via a one‐step self‐assembly of three functional components including a biocompatible copolymer, a fluorescent organosilica nanodot, and a photodegradable near‐infrared (NIR) dye indocyanine green (ICG). The rationally designed nanogels have high drug encapsulation efficiency (≈99%) for anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox), self‐traceability for bioimaging, proper size for passive tumor targeting, prolonged blood circulation time for enhanced drug accumulation in tumor, and photocontrolled disassemblability. Moreover, the Dox‐loaded nanogels can effectively kill multidrug‐resistant cells via two steps: 1) They behave like a “Trojan horse” to escape from the DETs on the plasma membrane for efficiently transporting the anticancer “soldier” (Dox) into the cytoplasm and preventing the drugs from being excreted from the cells; 2) Upon NIR light irradiation, the photodegradation of ICG leads to the disassembly of the nanogels to release massive Dox molecules, which can evade the DETs on the nuclear membrane to exert their intranuclear efficacy in multidrug‐resistant cells. Combined with their excellent biocompatibility, the nanogels may provide an alternative solution for overcoming cancer multidrug resistance.
Palladium(II) complexes of 5-substituted isatin thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, biological evaluation and in silico docking studies

Abstract Substituted heterocyclic (isatin) appended thiosemicarbazone ligands (L1-L3) are synthesized by condensation of substituted isatin molecule with N(4)-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazide in good yields. The palladium(II) complexes are synthesized from ligands (L1-L3) and PdCl2, with a general formula [PdCl(X-C15H10N4OS)] where X = 5-chloro (1), 5-bromo (2), and 5-nitro (3). Both analytical and spectroscopic methods have been used for the analysis and characterization of the synthesized compounds. The antimicrobial activity results observed that complexes, 1 and 2 have registered potent antibacterial activity against B. subtilis and K. pneumoniae and also complex 2 has shown good antifungal activity against the micro organisms. The antioxidant activity analysis revealed that the complex 3 showed significant activity with IC50 values 7.24 ± 0.09 µM. Moreover, the in vitro antiproliferative activity results suggested that complex 3 exhibited high activity against HeLa cell line compared with the standard with the IC50 value 16.52 ± 1.08 µM. The docking results correlate well. Graphical Abstract
All-Oxide α-Fe2O3/H:TiO2 Heterojunction Photoanode: A Platform for Stable and Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance through Favorable Band Edge Alignment

To improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of hematite thin-film photoanode, we report a novel heterostructure based on Fe2O3/TiO2 and hydrogenated Fe2O3/TiO2 (Fe2O3/H:TiO2) for faster c.
Self‐Healing Hydrogel of Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Agarose with Robust Mechanical Property

As promising soft materials, various excellent properties of hydrogels have received widespread attention during recent years. Mechanical properties and self‐healing performance are required characteristics for hydrogels in practical applications. An important challenge is to develop hydrogels exhibiting mechanical performance and self‐recoverability through physical cross‐linking. In this work, the authors report a hydrogel consisting of a fully physically linked poly (vinyl alcohol)/agarose (PVA/AG) dual‐network, which is of high toughness and self‐healing properties. The synthesis process of the PVA/AG hydrogel is convenient, with AG as the first network, and hydrogen bonding and crystal‐associated PVA as the second network to form a dual physical crosslink. Due to this physical cross‐linking, the PVA/AG hydrogel has good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 6.5 MPa to 14.6 MPa, ductility of 168% to 214%). The highest compressive strength of hydrogel is up to 3.66 MPa, which is almost 8 times that of pure PVA hydrogel. In addition, it has excellent self‐healing properties without stimulation or healing agents. Compared to pure PVA hydrogel, PVA/AG hydrogels have higher thermal stability due to higher decomposition temperatures and lower degradation rates. In this study, the authors also initially explore the potential application of obtained hydrogel.
Off-Label Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been identified as a potentially beneficial therapy for patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA); thus, this report aims to synthesize available evidence on the clinical effectiveness of off-label use of IVIG for RSA. This report is complementary to a 2017 CADTH Rapid Response, Summary of Abstracts report: “Off-Label Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Solid Organ Transplant Rejection, Paraneoplastic Disorders, or Recurrent Miscarriage: Clinical Effectiveness”.
Genetic variability in Acidithiobacillus spp. – a working horse of environmental biotechnologies

Abstract The genus Acidithiobacillus comprises 7 species of Gram-negative obligatory acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacteria that derive energy mainly from the oxidation of reduced sulphur compounds. Four of the species also catalyse the dissimilatory oxidation of ferrous iron while three (A. thiooxidans, A. albertensis, and A. caldus) do not. Bacteria from the genus Acidithiobacillus are often associated with mineral biotechnologies (biomining) and acid mine drainage. While acceleration of mineral solubilisation is a positive aspect in environmental biotechnologies, it is undesirable in acid mine drainage with strong negative ecological impact and there is profound interest in genetics and genomics of these bacteria. Representatives of Acidithiobacillus genus occur world-wide, however there are limited data on Acidithiobacillus spp. variability from Slovakia. In our work the variability of Acidithiobacillus spp. , from Slovakia was analysed and the presence of A ferrooxidans was detected. In addition, for the first time we report here on the occurrence of A. albertensis as well. Comparative analyses confirmed pronounced genetic and genomic diversity within the genus, especially within A. ferrooxidans and A. thioxidans complexes. Based on data presented, several Acidithiobacillus species could be considered as a complex species and the description of several new species is very probable in the near future.
Specifying light absorbing properties of aerosol particles in fresh snow samples, collected at the Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Zugspitze

Abstract. Darkening of pristine white areas on Earth could happen when light absorbing particles are deposited on snow and ice surfaces. Airborne particles like mineral dust, ashes or carbonaceous aerosols are able to reduce the snow and ice albedo already by a small quantity of deposited particles. In this study we developed a laboratory analysis method to address mass and absorption properties of snow particles simultaneously. For a set of snow samples, taken at the Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus (UFS) during winter 2016/2017, we combine the determination of refractory Black Carbon mass (rBC) by a Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) with photo acoustic aerosol absorption spectroscopy at three distinct wavelengths across the visible spectral range (PAAS-3λ). For the calibration of the method, Fullerene standard aerosol was used and its mass specific absorption cross section was determined. The analysis of the UFS snow sample measurements reveals a significant difference between the particle masses determined from the PAAS-3λ and the SP2 data. Our findings suggest that the light absorbing particles included in the snow could not only be composed of rBC but must have particulate matter of different nature. This result is confirmed by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and single particle fluorescence measurements with the Waveband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor (WIBS-4) which both revealed a significant portion of biological material to be present in the snow samples.
The Effect of Potassium Perchlorate and Ammonium Perchlorate on the Ballistic Performance of Composite Modified Double Base Propellants

Composite modified double-base propellants (CMDB) are characterized with high energy output, wide range of burning rates, as well as enhanced ballistic performance. Recently, much attention has been directed toward the development CMDB. One of the main approaches for the achievement of CMDB includes the integration of an effective oxidizers and fuels, in an attempt to maximize the output heat. This study reports on the effects of potential oxidizers including potassium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate on the ballistic performance, particularly burning rate, of double base propellant. The ballistic parameters of several CMDB formulations were investigated using a chemical equilibrium computer program named ICT Thermodynamic Code (Institute of Chemical Technology in Germany, virgin 2008). Theoretically, there was an increase in specific impulse with the increase of potassium perchlorate (KP) and ammonium perchlorate (AP) content up to 20 wt. %. CMDB formulations based on different wt. % of KP and AP up to 10 wt. % were manufactured by extrusion process. The practical ballistic performance was evaluated using static test (small scale one inch rocket motor). The two oxidizers exhibited controversy effect. The burning rate was increased by 22 % with the addition of 10 wt. % KP; whereas the characteristic exhaust velocity (C * ) was increased by 5.3 % with the addition of 10 wt. % AP. This paper might open the route for the manufacture of CMDB with tailored enhanced performance in terms of specific impulse and burning rate.
The role of gold nanoparticles on taxol-induced renal cortex damage in adult male albino rats

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Taxol is a chemotherapeutic drug widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer. Nephrotoxicity is themost hazardous effect complicating chemotherapy.Aim of the work: This research aimed to evaluate the effect of gold nanoparticles on taxol induced nephrotoxicity.Materials and Methods: Thirty adult Wistar male albino rats were divided into three equal groups: the control group(group I) this group was equally subdivided into two subgroups. Taxol-treated group (group II) and gold nanoparticles (GNP)-treated group (group III). Rats in group II received 0.6 mg/ kg body weight Taxol intraperitoneally as a single dose. Animalsof group III received Taxol as Group II and after 48 hours, GNPs (400 μg/kg body weight) was administered intravenouslyvia the tail vein daily for 14 days. Kidney function tests were studied. kidney sections were stained with Hematoxylin andEosin (H&E), Mallory trichrome stain, periodic acid schiff (PAS) reaction and immunohistochemical analysis for induciblenitric oxide synthase (iNOs). Results: Taxol-treated group showed congested glomerular capillaries, cellular infiltration, extravasation and vacuolatedtubular cells. Fibrosis in the interstitium was noticed by Mallory trichrome. PAS stained sections showed weak reaction at thebrush border of tubular cells. Strong positive reaction for iNOs in the cytoplasm of tubular cells was also noticed. All thesechanges were improved in GNP-treated group.Conclusion: From the present study, the gold nanoparticles application is promising in the treatment of taxol nephrotoxicity.
PERFORMANCE IMROVEMENT OF GRID TIED PV SYSTEM WITH VSC BASED DVR FOR VOLTAGE SAG

In this proposed paper, Performance Improvement of Grid Tied PV System with VSC Based DVR for Voltage Sag. The world's sole ideal desire to supply unpracticed energy is to use renewable energy sources that are abundant in nature. The problem with most long-term energy sources, especially photovoltaic PV, is that they are discontinuous in nature, relying on sun-powered irradiative forcing separately, which causes power fluctuations. The DVR (Dynamic Voltage Restorer) is most often used to correct and protect critical masses from power appropriation angle fluctuations and conflicts. The aim of this question is to confront and insulate the effect of voltage shift in a lattice-connected crossover photovoltaic power system. To do so, will have to get a lot of energy and a lot of fabulous attractive powers. In order to do so, a DVR dependent on battery and fantastic attractive force stockpiling (SMES) is used as a remunerating system if a voltage list condition occurs. It was replaced with a VSC-based DVR to compensate system used is a pre-droop pay, which bolts the moment real time three portion voltage size and perspective in a conventional situation at the factor of successive coupling (PCC) and stores freely so that it can be used for pay for the span of an aggravation. The situation of even and unbalanced voltage lists is valued, and remuneration is completed by the use of the Power System. The simulation results are compared with all the features of power profile smoothing capability validated using MATLAB Simulink.
Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), a promising polymer for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications: Focus on nanomedicine in cancer

Abstract Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) has been the subject of extensive research in the past few years. It is widely explored in drug delivery, where the development of nanomedicines for cancer, one of the major public health concerns nowadays, has not been the exception. As a biocompatible, biodegradable and bioresorbable polymer, PCL has also found plenty of uses in the form of microparticles and scaffolds; so is the main objective of the present review to emphasize its potential and present its properties along with applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical area with a special focus on nanomedicine in cancer. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A Sustainability Innovation Experiential Learning Model for Virtual Reality Chemistry Laboratory: An Empirical Study with PLS-SEM and IPMA

This study focuses on serious virtual reality games, and how users can increase their understanding of the sustainable innovation learning (SIL) model and their familiarity with sustainable development strategies. “Users” of serious games consists of all possible target groups that are interested in attaining knowledge of sustainability through the use of games that are designed for a purpose beyond entertainment, in this case, for sustainable education. This research investigates the sustainable innovation experiential learning model by using a virtual chemistry laboratory to affect academic achievement. A questionnaire was completed by students who had used the virtual lab, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied for analysis. Importance-performance matrix analysis (IPMA) was able to help expand the basic partial least square (PLS)-SEM result with the fraction. The results show that experiential learning significantly affects learning motivation and academic achievement. Cognitive load and self-efficacy significantly affect learning motivation. Involvement significantly affects academic achievement. The virtual chemistry laboratory significantly affects academic achievement. Students who used the sustainability innovation experiential learning model obtained a better understanding of the chemical concepts. Moreover, a virtual lab promotes students’ motivation in regard to chemistry.