Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coupled Gas Flow, Diffusion and Reaction in a ppb-level SnO2-NiO Formaldehyde Sensor System

The present project is part of an effort towards the development of a ppb-level formaldehyde sensor system for indoor air quality. An electroceramic response model for a SnO 2 -NiO composite solid oxide sensing material of n -type conductivity inside the porous material is coupled with a transient flow field simulation of the delivery of a formaldehyde pulse to the sensor surface. Coupled volumetric CFD domains are used to examine the effects of the transport of formaldehyde from a preconcentrator unit to the sensor, and its implications for interpreting the sensor signals from laboratory experiments.
Information Processing and Constraint Satisfaction in Wason’s Selection Task

In Wason's Selection Task, subjects: (i) process information from the instructions and build a mental representation of the problem, then: (ii) select a course of action to solve the problem, under the constraints imposed by the instructions. We analyze both aspects as part of a constraint satisfaction problem without assuming Wason's 'logical' solution to be the correct one. We show that outcome of step (i) may induce mutually inconsistent constraints, causing subjects to select at step (ii) solutions that violate some of them. Our analysis explains why inconsistent constraints are less likely disrupt non-abstract (or "thematic") versions of the tasks, but unlike Bayesians does not posit di erent mechanisms in abstract and thematic variants. We then assess the logicality of the task, and conclude on cognitive tasks as coordination problems.
The level of bravery and aggressiveness of the sports activity organisers for the youth – simulation research

Background & Study Aim: The main category of theoretical and empirical agonology is a struggle and all its variations. When aggression is directed at the man directly from a short distance, in order to survive should take self‐defence. This way are doing the bravery man not necessarily adequately prepared. If the attack at the micro scale is not addressed di‐ rectly in the individual, so the circumstances are a factor, which generally modify the behaviour of both those not fully conscious (which are beyond the reasonable control) and specific decisions and actions. The aim of this study is the projection of human behaviour in similar situations of interpersonal aggression at the micro scale when the modifying factor is the intervention of a police officer, for which the reason is not defined. Material & Methods: In anonymous simulation tests 516 adults the sports activity organisers for the youth (110 females‐ F and 406 males‐ M) applied the KS‐4M projective test. Picture 1 shows the behaviour of nine people in an extremely acute conflict situation (3 in a manner providing for bravery, 3 for aggressiveness). Picture 4 shows the behav‐ iour of the seven people in a similar situation, where one of the characters is a policeman intervened with force (1 behaviour is attesting for bravery, 3 for aggressiveness). In both pictures one simulations prove about: total helplessness; being indifferent to physical harming others; fascinating to physical violence and aggression. Results: Projection of actions (behaviours) in both cases among women as well as men slightly is correlating positive‐ ly (r = 0.114; 0.171) is not statistically significant. Change in circumstances when the policeman intervenes, causing the migration of the declared actions (behaviours) towards aggressive one. In a situation on picture 1 declarations prove: bravery 95% F, 90% M; aggressiveness 2% F, 3% M and in situation on picture 4, respec‐ tively: bravery 69% F, 68% M; aggressiveness 20% F, 21% M. Conclusion: Aggressiveness is not stable feature and does not distinguish females and males of a similar age, with similar pro‐ fessional qualifications and professional‐social activity. For revealing aggressiveness or suppression (more or less conscious controlling) significant influence have circumstances of the situation of acute interpersonal conflict.
Genetic diversity of total, active and culturable marine bacteria in coastal seawater

The genetic diversity of marine bacteria from coastal Mediterranean water was ana- lyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and comparative sequence analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. The diversity of the whole bacterial assemblage was compared to the diversity of the fraction of actively respiring bacterial cells and of culturable bacteria. Culturable bacteria were isolated on agar plates using 4 different culture media, as well as in filtered autoclaved seawater following dilution to extinction. The cell fractions exhibited varied genetic diversity. High similarity between DGGE patterns obtained from the whole bacterial assemblage and those obtained from the active cell fraction (representing only 3% of total cells) indicated the simultaneous presence of both active and inactive cells within populations corresponding to numerous bacterial phylotypes defined as DGGE bands. Furthermore, an important source of genetic diversity corresponding to viable organisms, detected by culturability on agar media and in dilution culture with unamended seawater, was not detectable by DGGE patterns obtained from total cells. Most of the strains isolated by dilution cultures were different from those isolated on solid agar media. These results suggest that studies on the structure of complex marine bacterial communities do not necessarily reflect the phys- iological heterogeneity of ecologically important populations and may ignore populations present at low relative abundance that can play a key ecological role.
A quantum mechanical study on CH2NS+ family of cations, possible interstellar species

It is demonstrated on quantum mechanical grounds that the dissociative recombination of HSCNH+ with an electron, a reaction of interest to the chemistry of molecular interstellar clouds, leads either to HSCN or to HNCS. The HSCNH+ cation, thus far undiscovered in space, is therefore proposed as a precursor for both neutral interstellar species, while H2 NCS+ (32 kJ/mol more stable than HSCNH+ , according to our quantum-chemical calculations) can yield only HNCS. Calculations of potential energy surfaces were carried out for both cationic precursors.
Microstructural and Electrical Properties of (WO3)1-x(MoO3)x ThinFilms Synthesized by Spray Pyrolysis Technique

New composite oxides of (WO3)1-x(MoO3)x thin films were deposited by spray pyrolysis method. Microstructural and electrical properties of the films as-deposited and after annealing at different MoO3 concentrations were investigated. XRD analysis, as-deposited films were amorphous, but after annealing, the crystallinity of WO3 and MoO3 were improved with a hexagonal structure with an increase in the MoO3, consisted of three non-stiochiometric phases, which have a monoclinic structure. Microstructure of a mixture based on the proportion of MoO3 in the film. The electrical conductivity mechanisms appear to have two behaviors; extrinsic and intrinsic conductivities at lower and higher temperatures, respectively.
Expression analysis of OsbZIP transcription factors in resistance response by the rice blast resistance gene Pi36-mediated

Plant basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins play an essential role in the genes expression and regulation in higher plants. They have been shown to regulate diverse plant specific phenomena, including germination, floral induction and development, seed maturation, photomorphogenesis, biotic and abiotic stresses. Resistance response mediated by the rice blast resistance gene Pi36 is a typical signal transduction, in which 12 OsbZIP genes were differentially expressed by microarray analyses. To understand the potential function of OsbZIP genes during the defense responses against rice blast, the expression analysis of these OsbZIP genes, in response to the blast fungus inoculation and the related defense signal molecules induction, were further conducted using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Our data indicates that among the 12 OsbZIP genes, the expression level eight tested genes were differentially regulated and maintained to 96 h points post inoculation in rice resistant and susceptible cultivars during Magnaporthe oryzae infection, and all of them were also significantly up-regulated by one or several kinds of exogenous plant hormones stresses. Although, these genes were induced only at early time points (1 to 24 h); it is evident that the OsbZIP genes may be involved in different signaling pathway, and play potential important functions in the defense response to rice blast. Keywords: OsbZIP transcription factors, rice blast, resistance response, plant hormones stresses. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(34), pp. 5294-5302
Factors influencing tax stamp purchases in Ghana: A case of Twifo-Atti Morkwa sub-tax District

This study examined the factors that influence the number of tax stump purchased in Twifo-AttiMorkwa sub-tax district in Ghana. Data were collected from taxpayers in the study area who qualify for tax stamps using the interview schedule. In total, 305 taxpayers were interviewed. The study employed negative binomial regression model to examine the factors that influence the quantity of tax stamp purchased. It was found that the taxpayer’s level of education, the perceived importance he/she attaches to tax payment, guilt feelings and other tax administration factors, including the application of sanctions, the rate of tax audit and distance to tax office were key predictors of tax stamp purchases. This study, therefore, recommends that tax auditors should go round at least at the beginning of every quarter to inspect the number of tax stamps that taxpayers have bought. The study also recommends that Ghana Revenue Authority should apply sanctions promptly when taxpayers default payment.
The determinants of non-audit fees in French firms

Article history: Received January 18, 2013 Received in revised format 28 April 2013 Accepted 1 May 2013 Available online May 1 2013 This study analyzes the determinants of non audit-fees for a sample of 67 French companies belonging to the SBF 120 index during the period 2005-2007. Our attention focused on the influence of shareholder / creditor agency costs namely debts and investment opportunities. Based on panel regression methodology, our results reveal that the affiliation of the auditor to an international network, the presence of an audit committee, the debt, the size of the company and the closing date have an effect on non-audit fees. However, investment opportunities do not affect the amount of non-audit fees. © 2013 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Xylooligosaccharidesand Arabinoxylanoligosaccharides and Their Application as Prebiotics

Background and Objective: Xylooligosaccharides and arabinoxylanoligosaccharides have been subject to nearly 30 years of in vitro and clinical trials, and advances in process technology have led to more widespread commercial availability. This review was conducted to examine xylooligosaccharides and arabinoxylanoligosaccharides as next generation prebiotics. Results and Conclusion: Xylooligosaccharides and arabinoxylanoligosaccharides are based upon 5-carbon sugars, and their microbial utilization in the digestive tract is thus fundamentally different from prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharides, inulin, and resistant starch that are oligomers/polymers of 6-carbon sugars connected by α bonds. Five carbon sugars and oligosaccharides connected by β bonds are more narrowly utilized; xylooligosaccharides and arabinoxylanoligosaccharidesare especially effective for selective feeding of Bifidobacteria, although they can also be used by some strains of Lactobacilli and other bacteria. Clinical studies on xylooligosaccharides and arabinoxylanoligosaccharides report beneficial impacts upon digestive health, management of blood sugars and lipids, beneficial modification of immune markers, and benefits for laxation. These outcomes have typically been observed at 1-4 grams per day, a lower dose than required for other prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharides and inulin. The lower dose requirement for clinical efficacy also provides advantages in terms of product formulation and more options for delivery of a clinically beneficial dose to consumers.
ELITE THROUGH RANKINGS - THE EMERGENCE

A little more than a decade ago, 1994, the Center for University Development (CHE) began its mission to organise the ‘revolution’ (Umbruch) of the German higher education system. In other European countries such as the UK and the Netherlands this process was already well under way. The German science system, being more hierarchical and less responsive to the public than their Anglo-Saxon counterparts and additionally burdened with the structural conservatism of a federalist regime, was reluctant and late in reacting to the introduction of numerical indicators, evaluations and rankings to universities and research institutes. Until then, the university system operated under the principle of equality mandated by the constitution for all Lander to assure equal living conditions between them, thus also to assure free mobility of students, and the Max Planck Society operated on the assumption that it produced world-class research. Hence, no need to move, so it seemed – despite first initiatives advanced by the German science council suggesting, as early as in 1985, that accomplishments of universities should be judged publicly and in a comparative fashion (Wissenschaftsrat 1985). The shift only occurred when in 1989 the East German science system had to be downsized and de-politicised before integration into the Western system was possible. For the first time in Germany, formal evaluation processes were applied to institutions of science, albeit to those of the former GDR, but henceforth no credible arguments could be mobilised that would prevent their generalised use in the country as a whole. Thus, 1989 and re-unification marked for Germany, as did the fall of the Soviet empire for the Western industrialised countries, the end of the postwar ‘social contract’ between science and society. One of the latter’s central elements had been the institutionalised trust in the self-regulating mechanisms of science assuring the prudent use of public funds and the ultimate utility for the common good of their expenditure. The erosion of this leading principle gave way to a ‘new deal’ between science and society, basically resting on the idea of OF THE ENTERPRISING UNIVERSITY
Controlling colloidal sedimentation using time-dependent shear

Employing a recently developed dynamical density functional theory we consider the time-dependent response of a colloidal sediment above a wall to an externally applied shear flow, demonstrating the time-dependent changes of the density distribution and its center of mass after switching steady shear either on or off and under oscillatory shear. Following the onset of steady shear we identify two dynamical mechanisms, clearly distinguished by their characteristic timescales. Shortly after the onset of shear we observe a transient enhancement of the local packing structure at the wall, reflecting the self-organization of colloids into lanes. On a much longer timescale these effects are transmitted out to the bulk, leading to collective migration of particles away from the wall and an increase in the center of mass. Under oscillatory shear flow the center of mass enters a stationary state, reminiscent of a driven damped oscillator.
Time-Series Properties of Earnings and Reporting Strategy of Earnings Surprise

This study examines whether earnings surprise management is related to the time-series property of historicalearnings series (i.e., earnings persistence). The findings from my analysis indicate that firms with a higher level of earnings persistence are less likely to manipulate the earnings surprise to achieve meeting or beating earnings expectations (MBE) than firms with a lower level of earnings persistence. Further, I find that, while the market discounts the managed earnings surprise, it is less likely for firms with higher earnings persistence. This suggests thatthe capital market understands the role of earnings persistence in mitigating the manager’s incentive for managingthe earnings surprise to attain MBE.
On the Error Rate and Delay Performance Analysis of OFDM based Cooperative Protocol for 802.11 Networks

We develop and analyze a distributed space-frequency block code-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing protocol for cooperative communications in 802.11 networks. Space frequency block codes (SFBC) are spread over OFDM subcarriers instead of OFDM symbols to compensate for the small coherence time. Medium access control (MAC) layer packet retransmission limit has been used as an actuator for transmit cooperative diversity initialization. Transmit diversity is provided by the relays in close proximity to source node. Closed form expressions are obtained for packet error rate (PER) and average delay for the proposed scheme in Nakagami-m fading channels. This cooperative scheme achieves lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values for desired packet error rate and markedly improves the average delay per packet compared to the direct transmissions at low SNR regime. Finally, the results of computer simulations are included to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scheme and to verify the accuracy of analytical expressions.
The use of language in migrant stay-at-home parents’ process of integration: Experiences of inclusion and exclusion

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Magnetic resonance urography vs computed tomography urography in urothelial malignancy diagnosis

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Current clinical status of hydrotherapy; an evidence based retrospective six-years (2012-2017) systemic review

Introduction: Hydrotherapy is an approach which uses water and its characteristics to maintain health, prevent and cure diseases. Hydrotherapy has been known throughout history in different regions. Recently it has been incorporated with conventional system of treatment also. The purpose of this literature is to view the current status of hydrotherapy in terms of clinical trials and research and to highlight the positive as well as negative aspects of hydrotherapy as compared to conventional system. Methods: Various databases were extensively searched for articles consisting of clinical trials in humans using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of science, and Sci Finder, etc. using the keywords such as hydrotherapy, clinical trials in hydrotherapy, randomized controlled clinical trials, clinical evidence in hydrotherapy, etc. This review article includes six retrospective years from 2012 to 2017. Results: A total of nineteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. The hydrotherapy was used either alone or as an adjunct with a conventional system for treatment or reducing the symptoms severity as well as the quality of life in many conditions such as multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, postpartum pain, migraine, wound healing, musculoskeletal system, Parkinson’s disease, osteoarthritis, spastic paraparesis, hemophilia, etc. Conclusions: People are using hydrotherapy as a treatment for various health conditions and its use in particular with the conventional system makes the outcome more effective and considerable in different diseases.
Modelling Asylum Migration Pull-Force Factors in the EU-15

We model the relationship between asylum applications across the EU-15 and three key pull-force factors, GDP, the recognition rate (grants of refugee status as a percentage of all refugee decisions) and refugee stocks. A Dynamic Coefficient Random Effects Panel model is employed which captures both the country specific variance and temporal features. This model provides deeper insight into the relationship than has hitherto been possible. We show for Austria, Spain and possibly Belgium that the three predictive factors dominate while for other countries in the EU-15 country specific factors are more important. In relation to temporal effects we show both GDP and the recognition rate at the overall EU-15 level remain significant over time but refugee stock does not. We also show a downward level shift occurred in the elasticity of recognition rate in 2002 resulting in fewer refugees being recognised (i.e., granted refugee status) and, therefore, providing evidence that asylum policies have become more restrictive.
Mass Customisation Along Lifecycle of Autonomic Homes

Autonomic homes adapt themselves to give the user the best possible experience of the services they provide. They dynamically adapt its behavior at run-time in response to changing conditions in end-user needs and the surrounding environment devices. From the development point of view, producing and maintaining a large amount of autonomic homes need an affordable solution such as dynamic software product lines (DSPL). DSPL produce a set of products that share features and have the ability of reconfiguring at runtime. Since users maintain and modify their preferences in opportunistic and improvisational ways, an autonomic home must evolve in time according to user expectations. Current DSPL architectures implement the ability of reconfiguring a product but ignore user preferences. We present an extension to our DSPL architecture to incorporate user preferences so user customisation of autonomic homes is not limited to installation time but all along the lifetime.