Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Functional-Pragmatic Approach to the Analysis of Internet Scientific Articles

Recent years have seen a huge expansion in the use of electronic communication. The differences between the forms of English used in the electronics forms for interpersonal communication –electronic mail, computer bulletin boards etc- and in more regular kinds of written language are still under scrutiny. Such is the case of the scientific articles which are published in the internet webpages. Drawing on genre theory and with the purpose of studying how research papers are accommodating to this new medium, this paper holds a comparative approach between the generic schematic structure followed by these texts and those sustaining others which address more restrictively to the scientific communities. The structural analysis reveals that the internet scientific genre crosses the border towards the conventions of mass media discourse in order to attract the common audience.
Detailed balance calculations for hot-carrier solar cells: coupling high absorptivity with low thermalization through light trapping

Hot-carrier solar cells could enable an efficiency gain compared to conventional cells, provided that a high current can be achieved, together with a hot-carrier population. Because the thermalization rate is proportional to the volume of the absorber, a fundamental requirement is to maximize the density of carriers generated per volume unit. In this work, we focus on the crucial role of light trapping to meet this objective. Using a detailed balance model taking into account losses through a thermalization factor, we obtained parameters of the hot-carrier population generated under continuous illumination. Different absorptions corresponding to different light path enhancements were compared. Results are presented for open-circuit voltage, at maximum power point and as a function of the applied voltage. The relation between the parameters of the cell (thermalization rate and absorptivity) and its characteristics (temperature, chemical potential, and efficiency) is explained. In particular, we clarify the link between absorbed light intensity and chemical potential. Overall, the results give quantitative values for the thermalization coefficient to be achieved and show that in the hot-carrier regime, absorptivity enhancement leads to an important increase in the carrier temperature and efficiency.
Corporate Environmental and Economic Performance of Japanese Manufacturing Firms: Empirical Study for Sustainable Development

This study examines the relationships between environmental performance and economic performance in Japanese manufacturing firms. The environmental performance indicators include CO2 emissions and the aggregate toxic risk associated with chemical emissions relative to sales. Return on assets (ROA) is used as an indicator of economic performance. We demonstrate that there is a significant, inverted U-shaped relationship between ROA and environmental performance calculated by aggregated toxic risk. We also find that the environmental performance increases ROA through both returns on sales and capital turnover improvement. However, we observe a significant, positive relationship between financial performance and environmental performance based on CO2 emissions. These findings may provide evidence for the consequences of environmental firm behavior and sustainable development.
Fast Fabrication of Colorful Nanostructures Using Imprinting with Femtosecond Laser Structured Molds

Femtosecond laser induced periodic surface structures (FLIPSS) on many material surfaces have drawn much attention in recent years. However, the relatively low throughput of direct production process limits its potential of high volume manufacturing (HVM). In this study, fast replication of FLIPSS on Ag parts by imprinting process is demonstrated. An area of the high hardness (HRC 5860) cold work die steel SKD 11 is irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses with a top-hat beam profile to form periodic-like nanostructures with the periods of 600~700 nm. It was then used for the process of imprinting. An Ag part with nano ripples can be replicated quickly, which proves that HVM of LIPSS on Ag parts is possible.
The inconsistency of level critical thinking in solving differential equation problem

Differential equation is a concept that has a variety of solutions that require critical thinking ability. This study explores the Level of Critical Thinking Ability (LCTA) of students in solving differential equation problem. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The participants of this study were two university students of department of mathematics education, Universitas Islam Malang, who are taking differential equations course. The instruments were critical thinking questions based on IDEAS (Identify, Deepen, Enumerate, Assess, and Scrutinize) criteria and interview guideline. The results of the study showed that the level of critical thinking of students in solving the problem of differential equation is inconsistent. In this case, the inconsistency of the critical thinking level is caused by the obstacles that the students experience when solving the differential equation problem. The student who have problems in solving differential equations will trigger to think critically. It is expected that further research need to be carried out to examine the level of students’ critical thinking in other courses.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT EXTERNAL ELASTIC COMPRESSION ON MUSCLE STRENGTH, FATIGUE, EMG AND MMG ACTIVITY

The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of three different compression conditions on (a) performance of muscle strength/power and fatigue in lower extremity, and (b) the responses of electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) of rectus femoris (RF) under repeated concentric muscle actions. All subjects (N=12) performed maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) and consecutive, maximal isokinetic knee extension movements at 60°/s & 300°/s velocities with three different compression conditions. The results indicated that local elastic compression of lower extremity, while not significant in improving isokinetic strength in short period, may have a positive effect on fatigue by helping maintain long-term force production through altering muscle activity in high-velocity of locomotion.
Bose–Hubbard dimers, Viviani’s windows and pendulum dynamics

The two-mode Bose–Hubbard model in the mean-field approximation is revisited emphasizing a geometric interpretation where the system orbits appear as intersection curves of a (Bloch) sphere and a cylinder oriented parallel to the mode axis, which provide a generalization of Viviani’s curve studied already in 1692. In addition, the dynamics is shown to agree with the simple mathematical pendulum. The areas enclosed by the generalized Viviani curves, the action integrals, which can be used to semiclassically quantize the N-particle eigenstates, are evaluated. Furthermore, the significance of the original Viviani curve for the quantum system is demonstrated.
Mechanical Behavior of an Ultrafine/Nano Grained Magnesium Alloy

The application of magnesium alloys is greatly limited because of their relatively low strength and ductility. An effective way to improve the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy is to refine the grains. As the race for better materials performance is never ending, attempts to develop viable techniques for microstructure refinement continue. Further refining of grain size requires, however, application of extreme value of plastic deformation on material. In this work, an AZ31 wrought magnesium alloy was processed by employing multipass accumulative back extrusion process. The obtained microstructure, texture, and room temperature compressive properties were characterized and discussed. The results indicated that grains of 80 nm to 1 μm size were formed during accumulative back extrusion, where the mean grain size of the experimental material was reduced by applying successive ABE passes. The fraction of DRX increased and the mean grain size of the ABEed alloy markedly lowered, as subsequent passes were applied. This helped to explain the higher yield stress govern the occurrence of twinning during compressive loading. Compressive yield and maximum compressive strengths were measured to increase by applying successive extrusion passes, while the strain-to-fracture dropped. The evolution of mechanical properties was explained relying on the grain refinement effect as well as texture change.
Teaching EFL/ESL Literature.

_______________ There has been an increasing awareness of the significance of integrating literature in EFL/ESL curriculum. Two pedagogically effective approaches to teaching L1 narrative texts which have been gaining popularity in EFL/ESL literature are The Story Grammar and The Reader Response. The purpose of this paper is to present the rationale and conceptualization underlying both approaches and how they are used in EFL/ESL classrooms. _________________ There has been an increasing awareness of the significance of integrating literature in EFL/ESL curriculum. The traditional structurally-based texts, and the newer, integrated, communicative courses might not be sufficient for the demands of academic classes. On the other hand, a syllabus that is based, or that draws heavily on authentic stories, provides a motivating medium for language learning while fostering the development of the thinking skills that are needed for L2 academic literacy. Literature can also act as a powerful change agent by developing pupils’ intercultural awareness while at the same time nurturing empathy, a tolerance for diversity, and emotional intelligence (Ghosn, 2002, p.172). Emotional intelligence, which is essential for empathy and tolerance, is the understanding of feelings, both of one’s own and the others (Goleman, 1995). There are two pedagogically effective approaches to teaching L1 narrative texts which have been gaining popularity in EFL/ESL literature: the “Story Grammar Approach” (SGA) and the “Reader Response Approach” (RRA). The purpose of this paper is to present the rationale and conceptualization underlying both approaches and how they are used in EFL/ESL classrooms. Story Grammar A recent area of research related to an interactive conceptualization of reading is story grammar (Ripley and Blair, 1989, p. 209). Story Grammar is based on the conceptualization that readers should be consciously aware of text structure. According to this conceptualization, reading comprehension is an interactive process, an interchange of ideas or a transaction between the reader and the text (Harris and Hodges, 1995, p. 203). The reader interacts with the text and relates ideas from the text to prior experiences to construct meaning. A part of this process requires the reader understands how the author has organized his ideas, i.e. the text structure. “Text structure” is a term used to describe the various patterns of how concepts within text are related. Two important types of text
Project MERLIN and Its Modeling Environment

MERLIN was a project from the 5th EC framework program with the main aim  development of tools for multi-pollutant multi-effect assessment of the European air quality. Stock activity and measure databases, existing software tools and models and some efficient algorithms are combined in one model framework an integrated assessment model.
Managerial Ownership and Earnings management in times of financial Crisis: Evidence from the USA

A vast amount of prior literature concerning earnings management is focusing on the potential constraining effects that managerial ownership has on the latter. However, the findings appear to be conflicting and contradictory and further study is needed to shed further light on this association. This study is attempting to investigate the relationship between earnings management and managerial ownership within the U.S. setting and more specifically to examine whether this relationship is influenced by the financial crisis that hit the U.S. on 2006. The research is employing the Modified Jones model on 235 U.S. firms listed in the S&P 500 index and tries to examine this relationship both in the whole research period (2004-2009) as well as to compare the findings 3 years before (2004-2006) and 3 years after (2007-2009) the economic recession in order to investigate whether the potential association between them is affected by it. The empirical results provide evidence that during the whole research period there is no significant relationship between managerial ownership and earnings management. However, the findings suggest that the latter relationship is indeed influenced by the effects of the financial crisis. More specifically, evidence is presented that the level of managerial ownership decreased, thus signaling a change in the use of earnings management.
Distribution network planning in presence of fast charging stations for EV

The concept of electrical-mobility in opposition to the present oil-mobility is becoming even more attracting worldwide. Fast Charging Station (FCS) refers charging stations with nominal power equal or higher than 50 kW. Consequently, FCS requires high power and they must be connected to MV networks. For that reasons, it is crucial to analyze these situations and to model the impact of FCS on the electric network, in order to correctly plan the expansion of the MV system. In the paper, specific studies will be performed on a real MV distribution network of the A2A utility sited in the district of Brescia (Italy), in order to quantify the impact of the FCS and to identify the most suitable planning solutions needed to allow the effective integration of EV and boost electric mobility. (4 pages)
A 92k SPAD Time-Resolved Sensor in 0.13μm CIS Technology for PET/MRI Applications

This paper presents a 92k SPAD, 16×8 pixel sensor for PET imaging, implemented in 0. 13μm low voltage CIS technology. Within each pixel, 720 SPAD s are organized into high fill factor mini-SiPMs placed around a central logic block. The sensor demonstrates a ne w architecture for this application, providing a 100Msamples/s real time energy histogramming capability, as well as an on-chip discriminator for the recognition of gamma events and integration control for the automatic acquisition of event data. Preliminar y gamma measurements demonstrate an energy resolution of 13.1% at 20oC, improving to 11.3% at -20oC.
An optimal high thermal conductive graphite microchannel for electronic device cooling

This article describes the design of an optimal rectangular microchannel made of a high thermal conductive graphite (HTCG). For simulating the proposed microchannel heat sink, the total resistance model and the entropy generation minimization criterion were used. For solving the optimization problem, the unifi ed particle swarm optimization algorithm (UPSO), was used. Results showed a marked effect of using this high thermal conductor when compared to traditional materials, such as aluminum, and while using air and ammonia gas as the working fl uids. It is also reported the relative effect of the constriction, convective and fl uid thermal resistances on the overall equivalent thermal resistance. As a demonstrative example when changing the nature of the coolant, a titanium dioxide nanofl uid was selected. It was found that the Nusselt number is perceptibly lower, when the coolant is a nanofl uid and the material for the making of the microchannel is an HTCG.
How to Feed the World in 2050: Macroeconomic Environment, Commodity Markets -- A Longer Term Outlook

The recent commodity boom was the longest and broadest of the post-World War II period. Although most prices have declined sharply since their mid-2008 peak, they are still considerably higher than 2003, the beginning of the boom. Apart from strong and sustained economic growth, the recent boom was fueled by numerous other factors including low past investment in extractive commodities, weak dollar, fiscal expansion in many countries, and, perhaps, investment fund activity. On the other hand, the diversion of some food commodities to the production of biofuels, adverse weather conditions, global stock declines to historical lows and government policies, including export bans and prohibitive taxes, accelerated the price increases that eventually led to the 2008 rally. This paper concludes that the increased link between energy and non-energy commodity prices, strong demand by developing countries when the current economic downturn reverses course and changing weather patterns will be the dominant forces that are likely to shape developments in commodity markets.
A Computational Inverse Technique to Determine the Dynamic Constitutive Model Parameters of Concrete

In this paper, a computational inverse technique is presented to deter- mine the constitutive parameters of concrete based on the penetration experiments. In this method, the parameter identification problem is formulated as an inverse problem, in which the parameters of the constitutive model can be characterized through minimizing error functions of the penetration depth measured in exper- iments and that computed by forward solver LS-DYNA. To reduce the time for forward calculation during the inverse procedure, radial basis function approxi- mate model is used to replace the actual computational model. In order to improve the accuracy of approximation model, a local-densifying method combined with RBF approximation model is adopted. The intergeneration projection genetic al- gorithm is employed as the inverse solver. Through the application of this method, the parameters of HJC constitutive model are determined. Results show that the identified constitutive parameters' computational penetration depth and projectile deceleration-time curves are closely in accordance with experimental data. The proposed inverse approach is a potentially useful tool to effectively help identify material parameters.
Effect of atmospheric flux uncertainties on the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy

The next generation of large-volume neutrino telescopes will include low-energy subarrays which will be able to measure neutrinos with energies of a few GeV. In this energy range the primary signal below the horizon is neutrinos created by cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere. The measured event rate will depend on the neutrino mass hierarchy, allowing determination of this quantity to a significance level of about 3.5 sigma within a 5-year period, mostly limited by systematic uncertainties. We present here the impact of the uncertainties on the atmospheric neutrino flux normalization on the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy. We suggest constraining the systematic uncertainties by including the downgoing neutrino sample, which will increase the significance. This work was performed using simulation data from the low-energy extension to the IceCube detector located at the geographic south pole, PINGU, and is relevant to a wide range of other experiments.
EATING BEHAVIOR OF THE RURAL COMMUNITIES IN WEST KALIMANTAN Wolly Candramila*, Deska Erasmawanti, Desta Rotuana Sihombing, Hosniah,

Most rural communities in West Kalimantan were facing negative impact of increasing land conversion activities on their natural food supply. Improper eating behavior and limited health facilities may give more health and death risk to these people. This research described and determined the factors that influenced the eating behavior among three ethnics in West Kalimantan, namely Dayak, Madura and Chinese populations, and the potential impact of land conversion to it. Survey was conducted in four regencies and one city and random sampling was done in three sub ethnics of Dayak (Muduk, Kanayatn, and Ketungau Sesae’), Madura, and Chinese communities. The eating behavior data was analyzed descriptively included meal frequency and routines, the variety of daily food source, individual estimates of energy expenditure, body mass index (BMI) distribution, and sports habit among 293 participants. Four main factors influenced the eating behavior of rural communities in West Kalimantan including types of occupation, individual involvement in social groups, and the availability and affordability of food source. The land conversion activity will certainly influence the affordable food source availability and the eating behavior for healthy and balanced food among the rural communities in West Kalimantan.
Pre-processing Methodology of Image Compensation using Histogram Equalization for Generating Point-cloud of Construction Environment

Recently, advanced and semi-automated equipment, laser-scanner and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), is used for construction project. Especially, photogrammetry using image acquired from UAVs can make high accuracy data and has low cost compared with terrestrial and aerial Lidar. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) was considered as an important technology and using UAVs in various areas are prominent area in recent times. Unmanned Aerial vehicles (UAVs), aerial movable image sensing platform, have become the area that has been becoming notable in all industries. But in construction site, it is very hard to acquire high quality data from UAVs due to the environment changes such as diverse environment, difficulty of setting control points and post-processing. This study aims to propose the pre-processing methodology which is to compensate 2D image using image histogram in construction site. We made a variety 3D data of buildings as point-cloud using the pre-processing methods and analyzed and verified performance of results to compare with the results obtained by source data.
Algorithmic Probability Method Versus Kolmogorov Complexity with No-Threshold Encoding Scheme for Short Time Series: An Analysis of Day-To-Day Hourly Solar Radiation Time Series over Tropical Western Indian Ocean

The complexity of solar radiation fluctuations received on the ground is nowadays of great interest for solar resource in the context of climate change and sustainable development. Over tropical maritime area, there are small inhabited islands for which the prediction of the solar resource at the daily and infra-daily time scales are important to optimize their solar energy systems. Recently, studies show that the theory of the information is a promising way to measure the solar radiation intermittency. Kolmogorov complexity (KC) is a useful tool to address the question of predictability. Nevertheless, this method is inaccurate for small time series size. To overcome this drawback, a new encoding scheme is suggested for converting hourly solar radiation time series values into a binary string for calculation of Kolmogorov complexity (KC-ES). To assess this new approach, we tested this method using the 2004–2006 satellite hourly solar data for the western part of the Indian Ocean. The results were compared with the algorithmic probability (AP) method which is used as the benchmark method to compute the complexity for short string. These two methods are a new approach to compute the complexity of short solar radiation time series. We show that KC-ES and AP methods give comparable results which are in agreement with the physical variability of solar radiation. During the 2004–2006 period, an important interannual SST (sea surface temperature) anomaly over the south of Mozambique Channel encounters in 2005, a strong MJO (Madden–Julian oscillation) took place in May 2005 over the equatorial Indian Ocean, and nine tropical cyclones crossed the western part of the Indian Ocean in 2004–2005 and 2005–2006 austral summer. We have computed KC-ES of the solar radiation time series for these three events. The results show that the Kolmogorov complexity with suggested encoding scheme (KC-ES) gives competitive measure of complexity in regard to the AP method also known as Solomonoff probability.