Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on the North Atlantic spring bloom. I. The phytoplankton community and biogeochemical response

The North Atlantic spring bloom is one of the largest annual biological events in the ocean, and is characterized by dominance transitions from siliceous (diatoms) to calcareous (coccolithophores) algal groups. To study the effects of future global change on these phytoplankton and the biogeochemical cycles they mediate, a shipboard continuous culture experiment (Ecostat) was conducted in June 2005 during this transition period. Four treatments were examined: (1) 12 degrees C and 390 ppm CO2 (ambient control), (2) 12 degrees C and 690 ppm CO2 (high pCO(2)) (3) 16 degrees C and 390 ppm CO2 (high temperature), and (4) 16 degrees C and 690 ppm CO2 ('greenhouse'). Nutrient availability in all treatments was designed to reproduce the low silicate conditions typical of this late stage of the bloom. Both elevated pCO(2) and temperature resulted in changes in phytoplankton community structure. Increased temperature promoted whole community photosynthesis and particulate organic carbon (POC) production rates per unit chlorophyll a. Despite much higher coccolithophore abundance in the greenhouse treatment, particulate inorganic carbon production (calcification) was significantly decreased by the combination of increased pCO(2) and temperature. Our experiments suggest that future trends during the bloom could include greatly reduced export of calcium carbonate relative to POC, thus providing a potential negative feedback to atmospheric CO2 concentration. Other trends with potential climate feedback effects include decreased community biogenic silica to POC ratios at higher temperature. These shipboard experiments suggest the need to examine whether future pCO2 and temperature increases on longer decadal timescales will similarly alter the biological and biogeochemical dynamics of the North Atlantic spring bloom.
Prediction of the HF Ionospheric Channel Stability Based on the Modified ITS Model

Since the narrowband ionospheric channel model is applicable only to a limited set of actual conditions, in 1997 the Institute for Telecommunication Science (ITS) (Vogler and Hoffmeyer) developed a wideband HF ionospheric model, the so-called ITS model. However, the widely used ITS model has some restrictions in application: the parameters are complex and difficult to obtain; only the undisturbed situation is considered; and the multipath delay is fixed and cannot represent the stochastic behavior of the ionosphere. In this paper, the ITS model is modified by introducing the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and adding a parameter amending module to provide more accurate parameters, and based on the ITS mathematical and modeling structures, a wideband HF random time-varying ionosphere channel model is presented. With this model, the characteristics of the ionospheric channel under different conditions have been analyzed, and the simulation results show that it can represent the ionospheric channel more accurately and has good consistence with the measured data.
TERENA'S Incident Object Description and Exchange Format Requirements

The purpose of the Incident Object Description and Exchange Format is to define a common data format for the description, archiving and exchange of information about incidents between CSIRTs (Computer Security Incident Response Teams) (including alert, incident in investigation, archiving, statistics, reporting, etc.). This document describes the high-level requirements for such a description and exchange format, including the reasons for those requirements. Examples are used to illustrate the requirements where necessary.
Assessing Peer Entry and Play in Preschoolers at Risk for Maladjustment

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of an observational rating system for assessing preschoolers' peer entry and play skills: Observed Peer Play in Unfamiliar Settings (OPPUS). Participants were 84 preschoolers at risk for psychopathology. Reliability and concurrent validity are reported. The 30-min paradigm yielded reliable indexes of engaging and disruptive behavior. Adequate interrater reliability and stability were obtained with minimally trained observers. OPPUS scores were related in expected ways to independent observations of disruptive and engaging behavior during parent-child interactions. OPPUS scores were associated with parent-rated self-control and internalizing behaviors. OPPUS scores were associated with parent ratings of play skills for children with school experience and assertiveness for children without school experience. The OPPUS is a useful, brief method for assessing peer entry and play behaviors in preschoolers.
Antioxidant, Hemolytic and Cytotoxic Activities of Senecio Species used in Traditional Medicine of Northwestern Argentina

Senecio nutans Sch. Bip. , S. viridis var. viridis Phill. and S. spegazzinii Cabrera are native species used in traditional medicine of northwestern Argentina. The total phenolics, flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids contents, as well as radical scavenging, antioxidant, hemolytic and cytotoxic activities of aqueous extracts (infusion and decoction) of all three species were determined. S. nutans was the most active. The extracts did not show antibacterial activity. Alkaloids were not detected in any of the aqueous extracts of the three studied species.
Amplification and restriction endonuclease digestion of a large fragment of genes coding for rRNA as a rapid method for discrimination of closely related pathogenic bacteria

By use of primers specific to conserved regions of the rRNA gene cluster, a discrete amplicon of approximately 5 kb was amplified by PCR from all 21 bacterial genera investigated. Subsequent endonuclease digestion of the PCR product with HaeIII distinguished between the three species of the human pathogen Francisella spp. on the one hand and four clinically relevant genomic groups of Acinetobacter spp. on the other hand. The described technique has the potential as a rapid method for discriminating between closely related species that are of clinical importance.
Comorbidity of Internet gaming disorder and alcohol use disorder: A focus on clinical characteristics and gaming patterns

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although Internet gaming disorder (IGD), which has been considered as a behavioral addiction in DSM-5, shares core features with alcohol use disorder (AUD), there has been minimal research on the clinical implications of the comorbidity between IGD and AUD. The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical psychopathologies and Internet game usage patterns of IGD, AUD, and their comorbid status. METHODS Participants (n = 1819) completed a cross-sectional web-based survey. The survey questionnaire included socio-demographic data, the IGD scale according to DSM-5 criteria, the Korean version of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test for AUD, the Dickman Impulsivity Inventory (DII)-short version for impulsivity, the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) for self-control, the subscales of the Symptom Check-List 90 Items-Revised (SCL-90-R) for depression and anxiety, and the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Approach System Scale, and the Internet game usage patterns. RESULTS The comorbidity group had substantially more severe clinical features such as impulsivity, impaired self-control, and mood symptoms than either IGD or AUD only. Especially the depression scale for the comorbidity group (26.0) is considerably higher than 13.0 for IGD and 16.0 for AUD alone. Furthermore, the comorbidity group spent twice as much money on Internet gaming as IGD alone (all p < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE The findings of this study indicate that the comorbidity between IGD with AUD showed more severe psychopathological impairments, and the respective persons spent more money on gaming than either IGD or AUD alone. These particular characteristics may serve as feasible therapeutic targets in clinical settings. (Am J Addict 2017;26:326-334).
Multi-male mating and female choice increase offspring growth in the spider
 Neriene litigiosa
 (Linyphiidae)

The purpose of this controlled-breeding study was to investigate the viability consequences of female choice and sequential polyandry for offspring in a way that would separate the influences of these two aspects of female sexual behaviour. Female sierra dome spiders, Neriene litigiosa (=Linyphia litigiosa) typically mate two to three times before production of their first batch of eggs, although some females (ca 16%) mate only once. Strong fighters are preferred as first mates and principal sires. Large males that give a vigorous performance during copulatory courtship are preferred as sires among a female's secondary mates. In this study, the number of matings by free-living females was experimentally controlled and the size and copulatory vigour of all the females' mates were recorded. At the end of the breeding season, the females were collected and their broods were obtained in captivity. Randomly chosen subsets of 28 female's offspring were reared under standard conditions during the following spring. The spiderlings were reared for 27 days in the company of siblings under conditions that would encourage the expression of genetic variation in viability, and growth and survivorship were monitored. After controlling for maternal effects (i.e. female size and oviposition date) and variance in feeding opportunities among rearing groups, both mate number and mate size were positively and independently related to offspring growth rates and the size of offspring attained after emergence from the natal cocoon. The results support the hypotheses that the preference for large males yields viability benefits to offspring and that polyandry can augment the benefits of selective mating. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
An evolutionary neural network approach for module orientation problems

A novel neural network approach called "Evolutionary Neural Network (ENN)" is presented for the module orientation problem. The goal of this NP-complete problem is to minimize the total wire length by flipping circuit modules with respect to their vertical and/or horizontal axes of symmetry. In order to achieve high quality VLSI systems, it is strongly desired to solve the problem as quickly as possible in the design cycle. Based on the concept of the genetic algorithm, the evolutionary initialization scheme on neuron states is introduced so as to provide a high quality solution within a very short time. The performance of ENN is compared with three heuristic algorithms through simulations on 20 examples with up to 500 modules. The results show that ENN can find the best solutions in the shortest time.
Low-Cost Vertical Patch Antenna With Wide Axial-Ratio Beamwidth for Handheld Satellite Communications Terminals

This paper presents a low-cost circularly polarized (CP) small antenna for handheld satellite communications terminals in S-band. It consists of an elliptical vertical patch antenna (VPA) element backed by an elliptical air cavity of different ellipticity. Two dielectric substrates, each with an elliptical opening, are stacked together and mounted onto a ground plane. The rim on the smaller opening of the upper substrate is conveniently plated with conductor to form the VPA, whereas the larger opening of the lower substrate and the ground plane forms the air cavity. The elliptical VPA, when excited by a probe feed, generates CP radiation. Dielectric loading of the VPA not only achieves its size reduction but also widens the 3-dB beamwidth. The fabricated antenna has a measured gain of 5.1 dBic at 3.71 GHz, impedance bandwidth of 12.6%, 3-dB beamwidth of 102° and axial-ratio beamwidth (AR <; 3.0 dB) of 121°.
Image Retrieval Based Upon Compressed Camera Identification Using NN Classification and Regression Model

Image retrieval is a method to retrieve digital images. Now these days retrieving images from large collection of database according to specific criterion is an important task. An important criterion is the retrieval of images based on specific camera. This research paper focus on a well established fingerprint matching technique to link pictures to the specific camera that acquired them and for the fast retrieval images are compressed that clicked by different cameras. High retrieval efficiency and less computational complexity are desired characteristics of image retrieval systems. In this paper an image retrieval system is proposed which will provide accurate results as compared to previous developed system. In this paper SVM (Support vector machine), KNN (k- nearest neighbor) and NN (Neural network) classifier is used and GLCM (Gray-level co-occurrence matrix) is for retrieve the contents of the images based on color, Texture etc . The precision and recall values calculated according to the retrieved contents of the images from the datasets.
Saliency Detection and Tracking Of Stereoscopic Images and Videos

Saliency detection is believed to be an important precursor for a vast number of multimedia processing applications. Besides 2D saliency detection methods, depth feature is also considered to detect saliency in stereoscopic images as well as for videos. This paper presents an enhanced saliency detection framework, depending on the feature contrast of luminance, color, texture and depth, which in turn are extracted from discrete cosine transform coefficients for the purpose of feature contrast calculation. Here, in order to consider the calculation of local and global contrast, a Gaussian model of spatial distance between image patches is adopted. Human vision system actively seeks salient regions and movements in video sequences to reduce the search effort. The motion saliency model detects the moving objects whose motion is salient to its background. In this paper, we propose a novel stereoscopic images and video saliency detection model for detecting the attended regions that correspond to both interesting objects and dominant motions in video sequences. And the salient region on the video is tracked. Keywords—stereoscopic images; video tracking; 3D images.
A Parallelization Technique Based on Factor Combination and Graph Partitioning for General Incomplete LU Factorization

We present a new parallelization scheme based on factor combination for general incomplete LU factorization. In this scheme, overlapped domain decomposition based on adjacent graphs is applied, and a sequence of overlapped subgraphs is formed. For each subgraph, any kind of incomplete LU factorization can be applied. The overall parallel preconditioner is then constructed as the product of the overall upper and lower triangular factors, which are derived from the combination of local factors with the idea of restricted additive Schwarz. In the solution of auxiliary linear systems related to the preconditioner, the overall factors are formed implicitly to reduce the computational cost. The analyses show that the new scheme is more effective than classical additive Schwarz and restricted additive Schwarz. When local preconditioners are symmetric positive definite, the derived parallel version preserves the property, which is vital to the conjugate gradient iterations. Finally, the new technique is tested in.
Multimodal cognitive biometrics

Cognitive biometrics represents a new approach in the identification and/or authentication of people using biological signals that characterize the brain's response to certain stimuli, giving a high degree of uniqueness to the individual. In this work, we contextualize the cognitive biometrics in the biometry in general, taking into account how one can measure the performance of a biometric system. We intend to conduct a literature review in a particular area of information security, in order to foresee possible lines of research. Scientific studies show that biological signals captured through electrocardiograms (ECG), electroencephalograms (EEG) and electrodermal responses (EDR), using electrodes placed on specific body parts, guarantee the possibility of authentication of individuals and its identification, in some cases. This can be useful for the most demanding security systems, using these techniques individually or on a combination of different biometric techniques, so that the recognition process is more efficient.
A review of studies in flocking for multi-robot system

As a traditional assignment of multi-robot system, flocking draws much attention recently and numerous methods are proposed. In this survey we present the flocking research and characteristics which focus on the development in the past six years. A new direction of flocking is proposed in this paper, through which we can realize the flocking in a dynamic environment. With the rapid development of the technology, some novel methods are used to feature extraction. Lastly, we demonstrate the state and possible challenges of flocking and some valuable advices about the development trend of flocking.
Configural Face Processing: A Meta-Analytic Survey

In the field of face processing, the configural hypothesis is defended by many researchers. It is often claimed that this thesis is robustly supported by a large number of experiments exploring the face-inversion effect, the composite face effect, the face superiority effect, and the negative face effect. However, this claim is generally based on a rudimentary and approximate vote-counting approach. In this paper, I use meta-analyses to examine the relevant literature in more depth. The analysis supports the vote-counting argument.
Effect on Sleepiness and Relaxation of Doing Yoga upon Waking with a Smartphone Yoga Application

Stress reduction and maintaining regular daily routines are important for prevention of lifestyle diseases. Traditionally, yoga is practiced upon waking, and is effective for stress relief. Yoga mastery generally requires formal instruction, which entails a large commitment of time and money. Thus, we evaluated the effect of yoga upon waking by using a simple smartphone yoga application with university students. Sleepiness decreased significantly before and after yoga as a result of the experiment. However, no significant difference was observed for degree of relaxation. 
A PERSPECTIVE ON THE CURRENT STATE OF DEATH EDUCATION

The author offers some views on the current state of death education with focus on the sparing attention given the death education of health professionals and of grief counselors. There is need for improved integration of the knowledge accumulated in the study of death, dying, and bereavement into the basic curricula of the parent disciplines and professional schools. Facilitation of personal engagement with the issue of mortality is an important component of the educative process. Various assessment problems are outlined and some suggestions for improvements are offered. The death education needs of various groups, including school age children and older adults, are noted. The article contains a list of references, many not cited in the text, recommended for an extensive review of developments in death education.
Characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins

Virus-specific proteins were examined in cultured cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. By using antisera obtained from virus-infected animals, three major virus-specific polypeptides with molecular weights of 115,000 (115K), 80K, and 55K were observed. Minor proteins of 45,000 and 38,000 daltons were also noted. Tryptic peptide mapping indicated that the 115K and the 80K polypeptides were structurally related. The 55K protein was glycosylated and appeared not to be related to the 115K and 80K proteins. Pulse-chase experiments failed to demonstrate any procursor-product relationship among any of these proteins, and all three polypeptides were found in purified virion preparations. The significance of these findings with respect to the replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus is discussed.
Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease in Australia

Current picture for those aged 25–74 • In 2002, adults from the most disadvantaged areas of Australia had significantly higher death rates from cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke than adults from the least disadvantaged areas—between 1.6 and 1.9 times as high. • If everyone experienced the same death rates as those in the least disadvantaged areas, around 28% of deaths from CVD as a whole, 32% of deaths from CHD and 24% of deaths from stroke would have been avoided in 2002. This translates to over 3,400 CVD deaths, which includes 2,300 CHD deaths and 430 stroke deaths. Put another way, these excess deaths can be regarded as being due to socioeconomic inequality. • In 2003–04, adults living in the most disadvantaged areas of Australia also had significantly higher hospitalisation rates—a marker for more serious disease— for all CVD, as well as for CHD emergencies and stroke, compared with those living in the least disadvantaged areas. The comparison of the rates of the most and least disadvantaged areas—relative inequality measured as the rate ratio—ranged between 1.3 and 2.4.
3D AutoSysLab Prototype - A Social, Immersive and Mixed Reality Approach for Collaborative Learning Environments

Recent evolutions of social networks, virtual environments, Web technologies and 3D virtual worlds motivate the adoption of new technologies in education, opening successive innovative possibilities. These technologies (or tools) can be employed in distance education scenarios, or can also enhance traditional learning-teaching (blended or hybrid learning scenario). It is known and a wide advocated issue that laboratory practice is essential to technical education, foremost in engineering. In order to develop a feasible implementation to this research area, a prototype was developed, called 3DAutoSysLab, in which a metaverse is used as social collaborative interface, experiments (real or simulated) are linked to virtual objects, learning objects are displayed as interactive medias, and guiding/feedback are supported via an autonomous tutoring system based on user's interaction data mining. This prototype is under test, but preliminary applied results indicate great acceptance and increase of motivation of students.
RE: Guidelines For Brain Death

RE: Guidelines For Brain Death As a practicing pediatric intensive care physician I was pleased to see the publication of the guidelines for the diagnosis of brain death. The document on the whole is sound and an excellent review. However, I find the “special circumstances” section as it pertains to children to be very ambiguous. In the first sentence it states that adult clinical criteria may be applied to those patients 52 weeks postconceptual age or greater. It also states that clinical criteria alone are not sufficient under this age. But, the committee then goes on to recommend 2 EEGs for children 2 months to 1 year. If clinical criteria alone are insufficient in the 2 months to 1 year age group, why not state this? Is it the intent of this document, which will in all likelihood will influence practice nationally, to change what has been common practise in many ICUs – that is to add EEGs to all children from 2 months to 1 year, instead of applying clinical criteria alone? F.L. Fleming, Intensivist Children’s Hospital of Winnipeg Winnipeg, Manitoba