Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of dietary cation-anion balance on milk production and blood mineral of Holstein cows during the last two months of pregnancy

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three diets with different cation-anion differences ((DCAD: mEq[(Na + K) − (Cl + S)]/100 g of dry matter)) in far-off and close-up period, on milk production and blood mineral of Holstein cows. Eighteen pregnant cows (220 - 225 d) were fed a base diet with three DCAD (+13 (control), 0, −13/100 g dry matter) for 60 ± 5 days. Control diet consisted of 170 g/kg corn silage, 396 g/kg alfalfa hay and 424 g/kg concentrate mix (dry matter basis). For decrease DCAD, two anionic salts such as ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate were used. Production of milk and 3.5% fat corrected milk (FCM) were increased with decreasing DCAD. However, milk composition and yield of milk fat, protein and lactose were not affected by diets containing +13, 0 and −13 DCAD. In addition, prepartum dry matter intake, BCS change and body weight gains were similar for cows fed the three diets with different cation-anion differences. At calving, plasma calcium concentration was 6.55, 6.46 and 6.78 mg/dl for cows fed diets containing +13, 0 and −13 DCAD, respectively. Blood pH and concentration of K, Mg and Na were not affected by dietary cation-anion balance. Urinary pH of cows was affected by diets and was decreased linearly with decreasing DCAD. The mean urinary pH was 7.99, 6.81 and 6.11 for cows fed diets containing +13, 0 and −13 DCAD, respectively. Keywords: Metabolic disorders, pregnant cow, anionic salts African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(36), pp. 5983-5988, 6 September, 2010
Intelligent Control for Unmanned Aerial Systems with System Uncertainties and Disturbances Using Artificial Neural Network

Stabilizing the Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) under complex environment including system uncertainties, unknown noise and/or disturbance is so challenging. Therefore, this paper proposes an adaptive neural network based intelligent control method to overcome these challenges. Based on a class of artificial neural network, named Radial Basis Function (RBF) networks an adaptive neural network controller is designed. To handle the unknown dynamics and uncertainties in the system, firstly, we develop a neural network based identifier. Then, a neural network based controller is generated based on both the identified model of the system and the linear or nonlinear controller. To ensure the stability of the system during its online training phase, the linear or nonlinear controller is utilized. The learning capability of the proposed intelligent controller makes it a promising approach to take system uncertainties, noises and/or disturbances into account. The satisfactory performance of the proposed intelligent controller is validated based on the computer based simulation results of a benchmark UAS with system uncertainties and disturbances, such as wind gusts disturbance.
Categorizing and Predicting Invalid Vulnerabilities on Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

To share vulnerability information across separate databases, tools, and services, newly identified vulnerabilities are recurrently reported to Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database.Unfortunately, not all vulnerability reports will be accepted. Some of them might get rejected or be accepted with disputations.In this work, we refer to those rejected or disputed CVEs as invalid vulnerability reports. Invalid vulnerability reports not only cause unnecessary efforts to confirm the vulnerability but also impact the reputation of the software vendors. In this paper, we aim to understand the root causes of invalid vulnerability reports and build a prediction model to automatically identify them.To this end, we first leverage card sorting to categorize invalid vulnerability reports, from which six main reasons are observed for rejected and disputed CVEs, respectively.Then, we propose a text mining approach to predict the invalid vulnerability reports. Our experiments reveal that the proposed text mining approach can achieve an AUC score of 0.87 for predicting invalid vulnerabilities. We also discuss the implications of our study: our categorization can be used to guide new committer to avoid these traps; some root causes of invalid CVEs can be avoided by using automatic techniques or optimizing reviewing mechanism; invalid vulnerability reports data should not be neglected.
A New Equilibrium Optimization Method for Hybrid Uncertain Decision-Making System

This study deals with the optimization methodology in hybrid uncertain decision-making systems and develops a new equilibrium two-stage programming, in which both possibility and probability distributions are used to characterize uncertain parameters. The decision process is divided into two stages. The first-stage decision should be taken before knowing the realizations of uncertain parameters, while the second-stage decision must be taken after knowing the outcome of embedded objective uncertainty. On the basis of the proposed dynamic decision scheme, the second-stage problem is built via credibilistic optimization methods, and the objectives in the first-stage problem are constructed via stochastic optimization methods. For single objective equilibrium two-stage programming problem and bi-objective equilibrium two-stage programming problem, we define their wait-and-see solution, here-and-now solution and expected value solution, respectively. Two important indexes, the expected value of perfect random information (EVPRI) and the value of equilibrium recourse solution (VERS), are introduced, and their relations are illustrated via numerical examples. c ©2018 World Academic Press, UK. All rights reserved.
Agreement between Parents and Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Rating Children ’ s Oral Health-Related Quality of Life

Objectives: To evaluate the agreement between parents and children with sickle cell disease (SCD) in rating children’s oral healthrelated quality of life (OHRQoL). Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted with children aged 8 to 14 years, from the referral center for hematology and transfusion services in Minas Gerais, Brazil, and their parents. OHRQoL were measured using the Child Perceptions Questionnaires at two ages, 8-10 and 11-14 years, and the Parent Child Perception Questionnaire. Wilcoxon signed Rank was used to calculate the Parent-child pair median difference. Also assessed were existing discrepancies between parent and child by using the mean of the directional differences. In order to determine the associations between child and parent OHRQoL scores, the Spearman Correlation Coefficient (rs) was used. When exploring the agreement proximity in relation to the characteristics of the children, the overall (rs) were calculated for individual characteristics, factors related to the disease, resources and oral conditions. Results: The parents reported their children’s OHRQoL better than the children did. The agreement between younger children and parents ranged from poor to moderate. The dimensions with poor agreements in that age group were oral symptoms (rs=0.26), emotional well-being (rs=0.22) and social well-being (rs=0.07). Teenagers and their parents had moderate agreements. Better agreements were observed in functional limitations (rs=0.57). Increased age, higher income, home ownership, car ownership, Caucasian and those with severe malocclusion (p<0.001) were factors that contributed to a higher level of agreement. Conclusions: The parents under reported their children’s OHRQoL. However, the parents are considered to be crucial participants in health care for children with SCD. Considering the viewpoints of both parties involved is essential when obtaining a comprehensive view of the impact of oral health on SCD and children`s quality of life.
A Linear Algebraic Approach to Logic Programming

Logic Programming is a declarative programming paradigm, where knowledge about the world is encoded into a computer system by symbolic rules. Traditionally, inference based on these rules has been done by symbolic manipulation. In this work we explore how inference from logic programs can be done by linear algebraic algorithms instead. We build upon previous work on matrix characterization of Horn propositional programs and show how it can be modified to realize a fully differentiable deductive process. We then consider normal programs and describe how the concept of program reducts can be realized linear algebraically. A new algorithm for non-monotonic deduction, based on linear algebraic reducts and differentiable deduction, is then presented. Finally, we show how to extend these results to FirstOrder Predicate Logic.
Measuring sustainable development in industrial minerals mining

This paper presents a set of SD indicators for mining with a specific focus on the extraction of industrial minerals. The proposed metrics are based on the International Council of Mining and Metals 10 SD Principles and are organised into a mining life cycle framework that includes four stages: 1) exploration and mining; 2) processing; 3) transportation and logistics; 4) markets. The goal of the proposed metric is to provide a standardised but flexible format that can be broadly applied across a range of industrial minerals. A key aspect of this approach is that it ensures a standardised framework while offering the option of tailoring the individual indicators to meet the needs of and maintain relevancy for specific minerals that may not fit a single set of indicators.
Exploiting Contextual Correlation for Collaborative Annotation in an Online Media Sharing Social Network

This paper describes our system that enables members of an online social network to collaboratively annotate a shared media collection. Online photo-sharing networks are very popular and primarily support text based search, making robust annotation systems important. A key observation is that real-world activities of members of the social network are often correlated, within a specific context. There are four contributions of this paper: (a) experimentally verify the degree of semantic disagreement over a shared set of everyday common photos (b) develop event context models and measures for contextual correlation amongst members of the social network (c) spreading activation based group recommendation algorithms that exploit contextual correlation (d) experimental tests on real-world, everyday images. We compare our results against two baseline algorithms and our quantitative and qualitative results indicate that the context based recommendations work well.
KNOT CONCORDANCE AND TORSION

Abstract Algebra, 2nd ed. , Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1999. [F] R. Fox, A quick trip through knot theory , 1962 Topology of 3–manifolds and relatedtopics (Proc. The Univ. of Georgia Institute, 1961) 120–167 Prentice-Hall, EnglewoodCliﬀs, N.J.[FM] R. Fox and J. Milnor, Singularities of 2 –spheres in 4 –space and cobordism of knots ,Osaka J. Math. 3 (1966) 257–267. [G] C. Gordon, Problems , in Knot Theory, ed. J.-C. Hausmann, Springer Lecture Notesno. 685, 1977. [Gi] P. Gilmer, Slice knots in S 3 , Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2) 34 (1983), no. 135,305–322. [J] B. Jiang, A simple proof that the concordance group of algebraically slice knots isinﬁnitely generated , Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 83 (1981), 189–192. [K1] R. Kirby, Problems in low dimensional manifold theory , in Algebraic and GeometricTopology (Stanford, 1976), vol 32, part II of Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., 273–312. [K2] R. Kirby, Problems in low dimensional manifold theory , Geometric Topology, AMS/IPStudies in Advanced Mathematics, ed. W. Kazez, 1997. [L1] J. Levine,
How Hard Can it Be ? The E-Score-A Scoring Metric to Assess the Complexity of Text

In this paper, we present an evaluation metric, the E-Score, to calculate the complexity of text, that utilizes structural complexity of sentences and language modelling of simple and normal English to come up with a score that tells us how simple / complex the document is. We gather gold standard human data by having human participants take a comprehension test, in which they read articles from the English and Simple English Wikipedias. We use this data to evaluate our metric against a pair of popular existing metrics the Flesch Reading Ease Score, and the Lexile Framework.
Automation of Traffic Personnel Gesture Recognition

Human hand gesture recognition systems have a wide spread applications in video surveillance. In this paper, traffic personnel hand gesture recognition is proposed. The n-frame cumulative difference is used to extract the gesture information based on Cumulative Block Intensity Vector (CBIV). The experiments are carried out on the real time traffic personnel hand gesture considering five actions viz., (to start one side vehicles, to stop vehicles coming from the front, to stop approaching from behind, to stop vehicles approaching simultaneously from front and behind and to stop vehicles approaching simultaneously from right and left) using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with polynomial and Radial Basis Function (RBF). The approach shows an overall good proposed performance of 92.65% using 25 dimension CBIV features for 5-frame cumulative difference with RBF kernel when compared to polynomial kernel 87.62% in recognizing the gesture performed.
Bovine herpesvirus type 4 (BHV-4) infection in relation to fertility in repeat breeder dairy cows.

In this study, blood serum was collected from 162 repeat breeder (RB) dairy cows and tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of these samples, 87 were bovine herpesvirus type-4 (BHV-4) seropositive and 75 were BHV-4 seronegative. The prevalence of BHV-4 was determined as 53.70% amongst RB dairy cows. In the current study the seroprevalence was high. The average days open (DO) of pregnant BHV-4 seropositive RB cows was significantly longer (p<0.01) than that of pregnant BHV-4 seronegative RB cows, but was not significant for age of animals (p=0.186) or conception rate (CR) (p=0.14). The averages calving to the fourth insemination date (CFIDI) and age of nonpregnant BHV-4 seropositive RB cows was significantly higher (p< 0.05) than non-pregnant BHV-4 seronegative RB cows. In conclusion, a close fertility negative relationship existed between BHV-4 infections and fertility in RB dairy cows.
The Small World Network Structure of Boards of Directors

In this paper we present a random graph model to explain the network structure of boards of directors. We investigate the conditions under which corporate boards can be said to be a "small-world". Our empirical results show that the random graph model is remarkably good at explaining board structure and connectedness in the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Although there are small-world traits such as "clustering" and "short-paths" in the corporate world, they are no more pronounced than would be expected by chance in a statistically similar, but randomly assembled corporate universe. Finally, our results show the existence of positive degree correlation: directors who sit on many boards do so in the company of other directors who sit on many boards. This result helps explain the distribution of board interlocks.
Oral cancer: potentially malignant lesions and statistics of diagnosed cases in the municipality of Santo André-SP

Objective – The purpose of the study was to review the literature and to determine the incidence of potential malignant lesions and oral cancer according to gender, ethnicity, age and anatomical site, diagnostic hypothesis and final diagnosis. Methods – A total of 252 patients were evaluated at the Municipal Center Hospital of Santo Andre, Center for Dental Specialties and to the Campaigns for Oral Cancer Prevention promoted by the Paulista Association of Dentist Surgeons (APCD) from Santo Andre municipality (Sao PauloBrazil). Information about ethnicity, age, gender, anatomical location of injury, possible diagnosis and final diagnosis were analyzed. Results – It was observed a predominance of males, age between 5 and 6 decades of life and Caucasian ethnicity, respective with the potentially malignant lesions in the oral cavity. The lower lip, tongue and floor of mouth were the most affected anatomical sites. Conclusions – The oral cancer in the present study presented: higher prevalence in Caucasians, higher prevalence in males, predominance in the 5 and 6 decade of life with average age of 57.98 years old, predominant anatomical site was the lower lip followed by tongue, floor of the mouth, alveolar border and retromolar trigone. Descriptors: Precancerous conditions/diagnosis; Carcinoma, squamous cell; Mouth neoplasms/epidemiology
A Gaussian Mixture Model Smoother for Continuous Nonlinear Stochastic Dynamical Systems: Theory and Scheme

AbstractRetrospective inference through Bayesian smoothing is indispensable in geophysics, with crucial applications in ocean and numerical weather estimation, climate dynamics, and Earth system modeling. However, dealing with the high-dimensionality and nonlinearity of geophysical processes remains a major challenge in the development of Bayesian smoothers. Addressing this issue, a novel subspace smoothing methodology for high-dimensional stochastic fields governed by general nonlinear dynamics is obtained. Building on recent Bayesian filters and classic Kalman smoothers, the fundamental equations and forward–backward algorithms of new Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) smoothers are derived, for both the full state space and dynamic subspace. For the latter, the stochastic Dynamically Orthogonal (DO) field equations and their time-evolving stochastic subspace are employed to predict the prior subspace probabilities. Bayesian inference, both forward and backward in time, is then analytically carried out in the.
The Currency Equivalent Index and the Current Stock of Money

The currency equivalent index provides an elegant method for measuring the stock of money, but it rests upon assumptions that do not match an important characteristic of the data. Thus, it is unclear what, if anything, the CE measures. This paper attempts to answer this question by deriving the current stock of money (CSM), which is defined to be the discounted present value of the monetary service flows provided by only the current portfolio of monetary assets, and then analyzing the assumptions under which the current stock of money can be measured by the currency equivalent index.
Carbon sequestration in tropical Asia: an assessment of technically suitable forest lands using geographic information systems analysis

Tropical forest lands hold the greatest promise for sequestering large quantities of carbon. In thls study, an analysis was performed to produce a first order map of the technical suitability of present-day forest lands to sequester additional carbon in the continental part of tropical Asia. The analysis used a geographic information system (GIS) approach to assess the difference between 2 indices of potential and actual carbon sequestration of forests on a regional scale. This difference represents the degree to which forest biomass has been reduced (degraded) from its potential maximum caused by the long history of human impacts on the landscape. The difference indicates the relative amount of new biomass carbon which could be added to particular areas of land if they were protected, free from human disturbance, so that they could accumulate biomass up to their potential with no social, economic, or political constraints. A potential carbon sequestration index (PCSI) map was derived Iron1 d GIS lllodel bdsed on cii~lldtic d ~ i d yev~~lorphological factors. The actual carbon sequestration index map was derived via 2 methods: a degradation approach based on population densities and climate zones, and a remote sensing approach based on a 4 yr mean of the noinialized difference global vegetation index derived from NOAA AVHRR satellite imagery. Despite limitations, the methods provided reasonable maps of regional technical suitability on which to budd as data quality and methodologies improve. Areas of highest techn~cal suitability included the lowland moist and lowland seasonal ecofloristic zones, closed forests, and Peninsular Malaysia and India. On average, the technically suitable present forest lands could sequester an additional ca 90 Mg C ha-' in aboveground biomass.
A plea for inclusive worldview education in all schools : original research

Taking personhood education ('Bildung') of students as the aim of schools, the author argues that worldview education should form an integral part of this education in all schools. It is shown that such a conceptualisation of worldview education is adequately combinable with citizenship education. In worldview-citizenship education the emphasis is first of all on students' appropriation and (continuous) development of their own worldview. A second important aim of this modus of education is that students should learn to live together in the context of the school as an embryonic society which represents different worldviews. With this two-fold aim the individual or personal and the social or communal side of the pedagogical coin are kept together. In the final part a concrete example of an inclusive practice of worldview citizenship education is described in a partnership of a Christian, a state, and an Islamic elementary school in the area of Amsterdam South-East. 'n Pleidooi vir inklusiewe lewensbeskoulike vorming in alle skole Indien die doel van skole die persoonsvorming ('Bildung') van leerders is, behoort lewensbeskoulike vorming in alle skole 'n integrale deel hiervan uit te maak, argumenteer die outeur. Daar word aangetoon dat so 'n beskouing van lewensbeskoulike persoonsvorming uitstekend gekombineer kan word met burgerskapsvorming. In lewensbeskoulike burgerskapsvorming word die klem allereers gele op leerders se toe-eiening en (verdere) ontwikkeling van 'n eie lewensbeskouing. 'n Tweede doelstelling vir sodanige ontwikkeling is dat die leerders behoort te leer om in die skool saam te leef met ander persone wie se lewensbeskouings verskil van hulle eie lewensbeskouing. Op hierdie wyse word die individuele perspektief en die sosiale of gemeenskapsperspektief beskou as twee kante van dieselfde munt. Ten slotte word 'n praktiese voorbeeld waarin die doel van lewensbeskoulike burgerskapsvorming konkreet uitgebeeld word, gebied deur te wys op die samewerking van 'n christelike, openbare en islamitiese primere skool in Suidoos-Amsterdam.
A Skill Based Parallel Service System Under FCFS-ALIS — Steady State, Overloads, and Abandonments

We consider a queueing system with J parallel servers 𝒮={m1,…,mJ}, and with customer types 𝒞 = {a, b, …}. A bipartite graph G describes which pairs of server-customer types are compatible. We consider FCFS-ALIS policy: A server always picks the first, longest waiting compatible customer, and a customer is always assigned to the longest idle compatible server. We assume Poisson arrivals and server dependent exponential service times. We derive an explicit product-form expression for the stationary distribution of this system when service capacity is sufficient. We also calculate fluid limits of the system under overload, to show that local steady state exists. We distinguish the case of complete resource pooling when all the customers are served at the same rate by the pooled servers, and the case when the system has a unique decomposition into subsets of customer types, each of which is served at its own rate by a pooled subset of the servers. Finally, we discuss possible behavior of the system with gener.