Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What is a Good Visualization for Digital Humanities Researchers? An Exploratory Study

Visualization in digital humanities (DH) has developed into a charged topic as increasing numbers of humanities researchers begin to work with machine‐readable data. The current research literature on DH visualization has primarily approached the subject from a theoretical perspective, arguing the humanistic visualization should fundamentally differ from scientific visualization to represent the distinct nature of humanities data and inquiries. However, few studies have tried to empirically understand what it means to be a good visualization for humanities researchers and practitioners. This study aims to bridge this research gap by offering an exploratory investigation into researchers' perceptions on visualization, particularly how they evaluate a visualization in humanities research. Through 10 semi‐structured interviews with humanities scholars engaging in digital work, our study demonstrates that perceptions of a quality visualization among the humanities researchers are closely related to researchers' purposes of using visualization and their self‐confidence in visualization knowledge and skills. This study serves as a baseline for future empirical research on DH visualization and potentially informs the best practices for humanistic visualizations.
#StopAsianHate: Archiving and Analyzing Twitter Discourse in the Wake of the 2021 Atlanta Spa Shootings

On March 16, 2021, six Asian women were killed in Atlanta, US, possibly out of racist motivations. This tragic event, now known as the 2021 Atlanta Spa Shootings, precipitated a massive increase in the volume of counter‐anti‐Asian declarations and discussion on social media platforms such as Twitter. In a pilot study to chronicle and profile public opinions, social movements and patterns in the global Twitter discourse we scraped the Twitter API using the query term “StopAsianHate”, obtaining more than 5.5 million tweets and their metadata. By using social movement analytical frameworks to analyze traffic peaks and the use of hashtags, we identified a set of more than 300 frequently used hashtags that can serve as specific query words in future archival ingest activities, as well as the dimensions of and current problems with this social movement. This suggests the utility of this approach for both archiving applications and social‐political analyses of emerging topics and concerns.
Why Do You Trust Siri?: The Factors Affecting Trustworthiness of Intelligent Personal Assistant

Trust greatly contributes to human‐AI collaboration, however, human's trust to IPA is hard to establish and lacks exploration. The purpose of this paper is to recognize the factors that affect the trustworthiness of IPA. 358 questionnaires were analyzed by PLS‐SEM to construct the model, while thematic analysis was used to discover expectance of IPA. Chi‐square tests and T‐test were used to distinguish the difference between two user groups. Three factors that capability of system, personality of agent, and availability of interface have a significant impact on the trustworthiness of IPA. The capability of system is the most essential as the threshold with users’ plenty of expectations. Most users pay less attention to the availability of interface and the personality of agent has a great impact on the trustworthiness of IPA. The factors found enrich the trusted AI research and inspire insights of design of IPA.
Social Connections Matter: Online and Offline Civic Engagement among College Students

This research examines civic engagement from both online and offline perspectives using 371 samples collected from two universities in China. We aimed to explore the effects of college students' social connections on their online and offline civic engagement using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM). We found that weak ties in college students' civic discussion networks play a significant role in affecting both online and offline civic engagement. Additionally, students' characteristics, such as academic year, leadership role, and party membership, are associated with offline civic engagement, but not with online civic engagement. Political efficacy was also found to be a significant factor affecting both online and offline civic engagement. This study examines the weak tie theory in the context of online and offline civic engagement, sheds light on underlying principles for engaging young adults in civic life in the digital era and advocates the importance of developing a blended approach for engaging college students in civic engagement in both online and offline settings.
Measuring Quality of Wikipedia Articles by Feature Fusion‐based Stack Learning

Online open‐source knowledge repository such as Wikipedia has become an increasingly important source for users to access knowledge. However, due to its large volume, it is challenging to evaluate Wikipedia article quality manually. To fill this gap, we propose a novel approach named “feature fusion‐based stack learning” to assess the quality of Wikipedia articles. Pre‐trained language models including BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and ELMo (Embeddings from Language Models) are applied to extract semantic information in Wikipedia content. The feature fusion framework consisting of semantic and statistical features is built and fed into an out‐of‐sample (OOS) stacking model, which includes both machine learning and deep learning models. We compare the performance of proposed model with some existing models with different metrics extensively, and conduct ablation studies to prove the effectiveness of our framework and OOS stacking. Generally, the experiment shows that our method is much better than state‐of‐the‐art models.
Just Infrastructure? Field Research on a Standardized Assessment Tool for a Continuum of Care for People Experiencing Homelessness

As community‐oriented programs move from intervention to infrastructure, questions of just and equitable access to that infrastructure both arise and become more consequential to those served. However, extant tools are general in scope, often undertested, and inconsistently linked with positive outcomes for served communities and service providers. We explore the dynamics and implications of a key tool within this infrastructure intended to enable portable collaboration across organizations serving those who are experiencing homelessness: the VI‐SPDAT (Vulnerability Index ‐ Service Prioritization Decision Assistance Tool). This tool, while providing a means of coordinated assessment, must itself be negotiated according to the values, data concerns, and goals of the agencies and service providers who make use of it. This paper reports findings from 29 interviews with individuals working in nonprofits, charities, and government agencies that provide services or resources to people experiencing homelessness within the City of Austin's Continuum of Care. The life‐and‐death stakes of the VI‐SPDAT, which is designed to prioritize access to services based in part on a prediction of potential for premature mortality, drive home the need for equitable and just infrastructure.
Getting more out of FLAG-Tag co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry experiments using FAIMS

Co-immunoprecipitation of proteins coupled to mass spectrometry is critical for the understanding of protein interaction networks. In instances where a suitable antibody is not available, it is common to graft synthetic tags onto target protein sequences and allowing the use of commercially available antibodies for affinity purification. A common approach is through FLAG-Tag co-immunoprecipitation. To allow the selective elution of protein complexes, competitive displacement using a large molar excess of the tag peptides is often carried out. Yet, this creates downstream challenges for the mass spectrometry analysis due to the presence of large quantities of these peptides. Here, we demonstrate that Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS), a gas phase ion separation device prior to mass spectrometry analysis can be applied to FLAG-Tag co-immunoprecipitation experiment to increase the depth of protein coverage. By excluding these abundant tag peptides, we were able to observe deeper coverage of interacting proteins and as a result, deeper biological insights, without the need for additional sample handling or altering sample preparation protocols.
Protocadherin 7 to the mitotic cell surface and cleavage furrow by a palmitoylation-1 dependent mechanism for a successful cell division 2 3

ZDHHC5 directs Protocadherin 7 to the mitotic cell surface and cleavage furrow by a palmitoylation1 dependent mechanism for a successful cell division 2 3 Nazlı Ezgi Özkan Küçük, Berfu Nur Yiğit, Beste Senem Değirmenci, Mohammad Haroon Qureshi, Altuğ 4 Kamacıoğlu, Nima Bavili, Alper Kiraz, Nurhan Özlü 5 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey 6 Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey 7 Department of Physics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey 8 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey 9 10 ABSTRACT 11 Cell division requires dramatic reorganization of the cell cortex that is primarily driven by the actomyosin network. 12 We previously reported that Protocadherin 7 (PCDH7) enriches at the cell surface during mitosis which is required 13 for building up the full mitotic rounding pressure. Here we showed that PCDH7 gets palmitoylated and interacts with 14 the palmitoyltransferase, ZDHHC5. Both PCDH7 and ZDHHC5 co-localize at the mitotic cell surface and get 15 enriched at the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. PCDH7’s localization is ZDHHC5 dependent. Loss of expression 16 of ZDHHC5 or PCDH7 leads to defects in cleavage furrow ingression and cytokinesis. At the mitotic cell surface and 17 cleavage furrow, PCDH7 interacts with Myosin Phosphatase Target Subunit1 (MYPT1). We propose that this 18 interaction tunes phospho-myosin levels at the cleavage furrow for regulating the myosin activity during cytokinesis. 19 This work uncovers a palmitoylation-dependent translocation for PCDH7 which regulates myosin activity at the 20 cortex and cleavage furrow for a successful division in human cells. 21
Following Social Media Influencers in Early Adolescence: Fear of Missing Out, Social Well-Being and Supportive Communication with Parents

Social media inﬂuencers who use video blogging, so-called “vloggers,” are highly popular among adolescents. Receiving video updates on a constant basis may not only serve adolescents’ informa-tional or entertainment needs, but also fuel their fear of missing out (FoMO), which can lower their social well-being in the long term. Supportive communication with parents about digital media use might be an important resource in preventing these negative outcomes. This study used a national quota-based two-wave panel survey of early adolescents between 10 and 14 years (N T2 ¼ 384) to investigate the inﬂuence of adolescents’ perceived quality of communication with their parents on the relation between following vloggers, FoMO, and social well-being. Findings of an autoregressive panel model revealed that supportive communication with parents decreased early adolescents’ FoMO directly and prevented them from experiencing FoMO in response to following vloggers. Higher levels of FoMO in turn resulted in lower social well-being over time.
An Explanation Based on Energy-Related Changes for Blue Mussel Mytilus edulis Coping With Seawater Acidification

As ocean acidification (OA) is gradually increasing, concerns regarding its ecological impacts on marine organisms are growing. Our previous studies have shown that seawater acidification exerted adverse effects on physiological processes of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, and the aim of the present study was to obtain energy-related evidence to verify and explain our previous findings. Thus, the same acidification system (pH: 7.7 or 7.1; acidification method: HCl addition or CO2 enrichment; experimental period: 21d) was set up, and the energy-related changes were assessed. The results showed that the energy charge (EC) and the gene expressions of cytochrome C oxidase (COX) reflecting the ATP synthesis rate increased significantly after acidification treatments. What’s more, the mussels exposed to acidification allocated more energy to gills and hemocytes. However, the total adenylate pool (TAP) and the final adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in M. edulis decreased significantly, especially in CO2 treatment group at pH 7.1. It was interesting to note that, TAP, ATP, and COXs gene expressions in CO2 treatment groups were all significantly lower than that in HCl treatment groups at the same pH, verifying that CO2-induced acidification exhibited more deleterious impacts on M. edulis, and ions besides H+ produced by CO2 dissolution were possible causes. In conclusion, energy-related changes in M. edulis responded actively to seawater acidification and varied with different acidification conditions, while the constraints they had at higher acidification levels suggest that M. edulis will have a limited tolerance to increasing OA in the future.
Exosomes: Emerging Cell-Free Based Therapeutics in Dermatologic Diseases

Exosomes are lipid bilayer vesicles released by multiple cell types. These bioactive vesicles are gradually becoming a leading star in intercellular communication involving in various pathological and physiological process. Exosomes convey specific and bioactive transporting cargos, including lipids, nucleic acids and proteins which can be reflective of their parent cells, rendering them attractive in cell-free therapeutics. Numerous findings have confirmed the crucial role of exosomes in restraining scars, burning, senescence and wound recovery. Moreover, the biology research of exosomes in cutting-edge studies are emerging, allowing for the development of particular guidelines and quality control methodology, which favor their possible application in the future. In this review, we discussed therapeutic potential of exosomes in different relevant mode of dermatologic diseases, as well as the various molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, given the advantages of favorable biocompatibility and transporting capacity, the bioengineering modification of exosomes is also involved.
Review of Post-embedding Immunogold Methods for the Study of Neuronal Structures

The post-embedding immunogold (PI) technique for immunolabeling of neuronal tissues utilizing standard thin-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) continues to be a prime method for understanding the functional localization of key proteins in neuronal function. Its main advantages over other immunolabeling methods for thin-section TEM are (1) fairly accurate and quantifiable localization of proteins in cells; (2) double-labeling of sections using two gold particle sizes; and (3) the ability to perform multiple labeling for different proteins by using adjacent sections. Here we first review in detail a common method for PI of neuronal tissues. This method has two major parts. First, we describe the freeze-substitution embedding method: cryoprotected tissue is frozen in liquid propane via plunge-freezing, and is placed in a freeze-substitution instrument in which the tissue is embedded in Lowicryl at low temperatures. We highlight important aspects of freeze-substitution embedding. Then we outline how thin sections of embedded tissue on grids are labeled with a primary antibody and a secondary gold particle-conjugated antibody, and the particular problems encountered in TEM of PI-labeled sections. In the Discussion, we compare our method both to earlier PI methods and to more recent PI methods used by other laboratories. We also compare TEM immunolabeling using PI vs. various pre-embedding immunolabeling methods, especially relating to neuronal tissue.
There Is No ‘Rule of Thumb’: Genomic Filter Settings for a Small Plant Population to Obtain Unbiased Gene Flow Estimates

The application of high-density polymorphic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers derived from high-throughput sequencing methods has heralded plenty of biological questions about the linkages of processes operating at micro- and macroevolutionary scales. However, the effects of SNP filtering practices on population genetic inference have received much less attention. By performing sensitivity analyses, we empirically investigated how decisions about the percentage of missing data (MD) and the minor allele frequency (MAF) set in bioinformatic processing of genomic data affect direct (i.e., parentage analysis) and indirect (i.e., fine-scale spatial genetic structure – SGS) gene flow estimates. We focus specifically on these manifestations in small plant populations, and particularly, in the rare tropical plant species Dinizia jueirana-facao, where assumptions implicit to analytical procedures for accurate estimates of gene flow may not hold. Avoiding biases in dispersal estimates are essential given this species is facing extinction risks due to habitat loss, and so we also investigate the effects of forest fragmentation on the accuracy of dispersal estimates under different filtering criteria by testing for recent decrease in the scale of gene flow. Our sensitivity analyses demonstrate that gene flow estimates are robust to different setting of MAF (0.05–0.35) and MD (0–20%). Comparing the direct and indirect estimates of dispersal, we find that contemporary estimates of gene dispersal distance (σrt = 41.8 m) was ∼ fourfold smaller than the historical estimates, supporting the hypothesis of a temporal shift in the scale of gene flow in D. jueirana-facao, which is consistent with predictions based on recent, dramatic forest fragmentation process. While we identified settings for filtering genomic data to avoid biases in gene flow estimates, we stress that there is no ‘rule of thumb’ for bioinformatic filtering and that relying on default program settings is not advisable. Instead, we suggest that the approach implemented here be applied independently in each separate empirical study to confirm appropriate settings to obtain unbiased population genetics estimates.
Nitric Oxide Synthase Neurons in the Preoptic Hypothalamus Are NREM and REM Sleep-Active and Lower Body Temperature

When mice are exposed to external warmth, nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) neurons in the median and medial preoptic (MnPO/MPO) hypothalamus induce sleep and concomitant body cooling. However, how these neurons regulate baseline sleep and body temperature is unknown. Using calcium photometry, we show that NOS1 neurons in MnPO/MPO are predominantly NREM and REM active, especially at the boundary of wake to NREM transitions, and in the later parts of REM bouts, with lower activity during wakefulness. In addition to releasing nitric oxide, NOS1 neurons in MnPO/MPO can release GABA, glutamate and peptides. We expressed tetanus-toxin light-chain in MnPO/MPO NOS1 cells to reduce vesicular release of transmitters. This induced changes in sleep structure: over 24 h, mice had less NREM sleep in their dark (active) phase, and more NREM sleep in their light (sleep) phase. REM sleep episodes in the dark phase were longer, and there were fewer REM transitions between other vigilance states. REM sleep had less theta power. Mice with synaptically blocked MnPO/MPO NOS1 neurons were also warmer than control mice at the dark-light transition (ZT0), as well as during the dark phase siesta (ZT16-20), where there is usually a body temperature dip. Also, at this siesta point of cooled body temperature, mice usually have more NREM, but mice with synaptically blocked MnPO/MPO NOS1 cells showed reduced NREM sleep at this time. Overall, MnPO/MPO NOS1 neurons promote both NREM and REM sleep and contribute to chronically lowering body temperature, particularly at transitions where the mice normally enter NREM sleep.
Edge Intelligence in Private Mobile Networks for Next-Generation Railway Systems

The integration of Private Mobile Networks (PMN) with edge intelligence is expected to play an instrumental role in realizing the next generation of industry applications. This combination collectively termed Intelligent Private Networks (IPN) deployed within the scope of specific industries such as transport systems can unlock several use cases and critical applications that in turn can address rising business demands. This article presents a conceptual IPN that hosts intelligence at the network edge employing emerging technologies that satisfy a number of Next-Generation Railway System (NGRS) applications. NGRS use cases along with their applications and respective beyond 5G (B5G) enabling technologies have been discussed along with possible future research and development directions that will allow these promising technologies to be used and implemented widely.
Editorial: Nanotechnology for Precision Cancer Therapy: Advances in Gene Therapy, Immunotherapy, and 3D Bioprinting

CICS-UBI–Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Biopolymers and Biomaterials Laboratory (BIOPOLMAT), University Center of Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, Brazil, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia, Clinical Analysis Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
Elucidating the Structural and Minimal Protective Epitope of the Serogroup X Meningococcal Capsular Polysaccharide

Despite the considerable progress toward the eradication of meningococcal disease with the introduction of glycoconjugate vaccines, previously unremarkable serogroup X has emerged in recent years, recording several outbreaks throughout the African continent. Different serogroup X polysaccharide-based vaccines have been tested in preclinical trials, establishing the principles for further improvement. To elucidate the antigenic determinants of the MenX capsular polysaccharide, we generated a monoclonal antibody, and its bactericidal nature was confirmed using the rabbit serum bactericidal assay. The antibody was tested by the inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and surface plasmon resonance against a set of oligosaccharide fragments of different lengths. The epitope was shown to be contained within five to six α-(1–4) phosphodiester mannosamine repeating units. The molecular interactions between the protective monoclonal antibody and the MenX capsular polysaccharide fragment were further detailed at the atomic level by saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The NMR results were used for validation of the in silico docking analysis between the X-ray crystal structure of the antibody (Fab fragment) and the modeled hexamer oligosaccharide. The antibody recognizes the MenX fragment by binding all six repeating units of the oligosaccharide via hydrogen bonding, salt bridges, and hydrophobic interactions. In vivo studies demonstrated that conjugates containing five to six repeating units can produce high functional antibody levels. These results provide an insight into the molecular basis of MenX vaccine-induced protection and highlight the requirements for the epitope-based vaccine design.