Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The electronic states of 2-furanmethanol (furfuryl alcohol) studied by photon absorption and electron impact spectroscopies

The photoelectron spectrum of 2-furanmethanol (furfuryl alcohol) has been measured for ionization energies between 8 and 11.2 eV and the first three ionization bands assigned to pi(3), pi(2), and n(o) ionizations in order of increasing binding energy. The photoabsorption spectrum has been recorded in the gas phase using both a synchrotron radiation source (5-9.91 eV, 248-125 nm) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy under electric-dipole conditions (5-10.9 eV, 248-90 nm). The (UV) absorption spectrum has also been recorded in solution (4.2-6.36 eV, 292-195 nm). The electronic excitation spectrum appears to be dominated by transitions between pi and pi* orbitals in the aromatic ring, leading to the conclusion that the frontier molecular orbitals of furan are affected only slightly on replacement of a H atom by the -CH2OH group. Additional experiments investigating electron impact at near-threshold energies have revealed two low-lying triplet states and at least one electron/molecule shape resonance. Dissociative electron attachment also shows to be widespread in furfuryl alcohol. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
Do novice and experienced rowers adopt different pacing strategies and do their physiological and metabolic responses show optimisation

The aim was to evaluate the pacing strategies and metabolic and physiological responses of novice and experienced rowers, over a 2000m racing profile. The sample was composed of 7 male university and town boat club rowers, 5 of which were novice (age 22.4±2.6 yr, height 182.6±8.4 cm, mass 79.7±8.9 kg), and 2 experienced (age 23.0±4.2 yr, height 194.1±4.1 cm, mass 90.3±2.0 kg). All participants performed a 2000m racing profile on the rowing ergometer followed by 3 trials in randomised order (500m, 1000m, 1500m) at the stroke rate and split time set from the original 2000m test. The last session consisted of a 2max test. During these tests, gas exchange, haematology, heart rate, split times, stroke rate and distances were recorded. Blood lactate (BLa) accumulation in novice rowers was continuously increased and plateaued in the final 500m quarter. Whereas, experienced rowers gradually increased in lactate accumulation, but maintained in the third quarter (1000-1500m) which allowed room for further accumulation in the final quarter (1500-2000m). The volume of oxygen uptake ( 2) increased linearly until the final 500m quarter for the experienced group, while novice rowers fluctuated throughout the time trial. In terms of pacing, the novice rowers followed an expected “all-out” strategy whereas, unexpectedly, the experienced rowers continuously dropped in speed until the mid-point (1000m) where they maintained a speed of 5.10m. s-1. The current findings suggest that at a physiological and metabolic level, the experienced rowers are more adapted to the demands of rowing a 2000m race. However, it appears that they do not always follow a “J-Shaped” strategy.
Panel unit root tests of purchasing power parity hypothesis: Evidence from Turkey

In this paper, we employ some front page panel unit root tests to examine the validity of the purchasing power parity hypothesis in Turkey. Using monthly observations panel data of nine major county’s currency dates January 2003 through April 2010, we find that panel unit root tests are not rejected the mean-reversion of real exchange rates. Thus, the empirical results indicate significant support for the purchasing power parity holds in Turkey
Life Cycle Vulnerability Assessment of Masonry Infilled Steel Frame Structures

In this study, the anticipated cost throughout a structure’s operational period has been estimated, following a life cycle model. A scenario has been defined in order to assess the structural performance of a mid-rise infilled steel frame over its expected lifetime. Since the characteristics of the index building play a critical role in estimating the losses, the one selected is designed and modelled based on common existing residential buildings. The life cycle cost of the index building has been estimated by considering progressive deterioration due to aging of the structure (e.g. corrosion, fatigue) and also cumulative damage caused by extreme sudden events (e.g. earthquake, hurricane, flood, blast, etc.). The adapted model is capable of considering the initial construction cost along with the cost of damage and failure consequences including death and injuries, as well as discounting cost over time. The performance of the index building at different life stages has been assessed by implementing incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). Using the obtained results, the exceedance probabilities required for the cost analysis are calculated by means of fragility curves for multiple damage limit states. Furthermore, the limit states’ exceedance frequencies are obtained by convolving fragilities with site a specific hazard curve. Having a good understanding of the structural behavior and its expected cost forecast can be beneficial as a decision making tool for planning and allocating financial resources in case of both pre- and post- disaster.
Satisfaction with Life and Economic Well-Being: Evidence from Germany

The relationship between an individual’s economic well-being and satisfaction with own life has been the focus of many studies both within and across countries, in one period of time and over time. As a proxy of economic well-being household income both adjusted and unadjusted for household needs has been generally used. The aim of the present paper is to propose a more comprehensive measure of well-being considering the role that wealth and permanent income play in simultaneously determining satisfaction with life. The results, based on representative microdata from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), suggest that both income and wealth increase satisfaction, that long-run income is more appropriate than short-term income and that satisfaction with life is particularly high for those who are at the top of both the income and wealth distributions.
A Phylogenetic Study of the Emerald Treeboa (Corallus caninus)

Abstract Phylogenetic relationships of Corallus caninus phylogeny were examined with DNA samples from five geographically disparate localities from across the range of the species (Guyana, Venezuela, Brazilian states of Pará and Rondônia, and Peru). The Peruvian sequence was the most divergent (16.2%) and the closest relative of a clade including Brazilian, Guyanan, and Venezuelan populations. Within the latter clade, the most basal lineage was from the state of Pará, followed by the state of Rondônia, which was the closest relative of populations from the Guiana Shield. Preliminary morphological data paralleled molecular results, and it is likely that a separate species of Corallus currently included in C. caninus occurs in the upper Amazon.
Unique Key Using Encryption and Decryption of Image

Image data security is the essential portion in communication and multi media world. During storing and sharing, avoid third party access of data is the challenge one. Providing security of data is the clever work and art also. Many protection algorithms are used in recent years. Protection may be given of a data is converting the original in to some unknown form, signals, sketch etc., which is not understand by any one. Cryptography is the best technique of image data security. In Greek, crypto refers "hidden" and graphy refers "script". Cryptography has two processes namely encryption and decryption. Encryption achieves the conversion by possessing a key of original data into unreadable form called encoding. Restoring of encrypted data in to original is decoding or decryption. Key, code or password is the vital role in cryptography. This paper presents the performance of encryption and decryption of an image using a single key algorithm and tested on some images and shows fine results.
IMPACT OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN DEPOSIT OPERATIONS OF CREDIT INSTITUTIONS ON INFLATION

The current state of the Russian economy undergoes further structural changes in all fields; it is characterized by the considerable deterioration in macroeconomic indicators and inflation growth. At the same time, the ratio between consumption and accumulation, financial and real economy sectors changes. The value of financial security of economic entities, the choice of ruble or currency mutual settlements and deposits increases. The bank model of development of the financial markets and financial and credit institutions demands research of tools, methods and trends, where the formation of resources of commercial banks has undoubtedly paramount value. Therefore, we will consider dynamics and structure of deposit operations of credit institutions in the article and reveal the extent of impact of structural changes on inflationary processes.
Child Protection Practitioners and Decision-Making Tools: Observations and Reflections from the Front Line

Decision-making tools, particularly risk-assessment tools, have been implemented by governments around the world, perhaps most notably in the field of child protection, though little attention has been paid to how practitioners use them. This article presents the findings from ethnographic research that explored how child protection practitioners in the Department of Child Safety, Queensland, Australia, used four Structured Decision Making tools developed by the Children’s Research Centre in Wisconsin in their daily practice in the intake and investigation stages of a case. The findings that the tools were not being used as intended by their designers and, in fact, tended to undermine the development of expertise by child protection workers has profound implications for the future development of technological approaches to child protection and, more broadly, human services practice.
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL AND NON-TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EMPIRICAL STUDY AT TURK TELEKOM GROUP ANTALYA OFFICE

The aim of this study is to explore the impacts of technological (product innovation and process innovation) and non-technological innovation (organizational and marketing innovations) on firm performance. The research questions were pursued through questionnaires with top-level managers of a firm operating in Turkish telecommunication industry, Turk Telekom Group Antalya Office. Analysis results demonstrated that technological innovation (product and process innovation) and marketing innovation has significant and positive impact on firm performance, but no evidence was found for a significant and positive relationship between organizational innovation and firm performance in Turk Telekom Group Antalya Office.
Maximizing wind farm energy production in presence of aerodynamic interactions

Wind energy is an attractive alternative to fossil fuels. However, as many other types of renewable energy sources, efficient control strategies development implies many challenges due to the dynamic and unpredictable behaviour of the energy source. More specifically, the variability of the wind velocity and the aerodynamic interactions between wind turbines reduce the electrical power production of wind farms. Extremumseeking control (ESC) is one way to reduce the power losses due to the wake effect in wind farm. In this paper, the multi-unit optimization (MUO) method has been used in order to maximize in real-time the extracted power of the wind farm of 6 wind turbines taking in consideration the wake effect. The use of MUO method is made possible by the definition of a novel objective function which considers a normalized power regardless of wind speed inputs. Simulation results show that using the MUO method lead to a fast convergence to the optimal operational point of the wind farm even in presence of a disturbed wind.
Anurans as Biological Indicators of Restoration Success in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem

Abstract The Picayune Strand Restoration Project is being conducted as part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan to restore hydrology and habitat in Southwest Florida. This study evaluated the success of the restoration activities by examining anuran species richness and relative abundance in relation to various restoration treatments, which included restored areas, un-restored areas, and natural wetlands. Anuran observations were conducted using nocturnal audible call surveys and dip netting. Univariate results indicated that: the lowest species richness and relative abundance values occurred within the un-restored areas, richness significantly increased in all restored areas relative to un-restored areas, abundance increased in some restored areas but not others, and highest richness and abundance were documented in the natural wetlands. Multivariate analysis confirmed these patterns and also indicated that the anuran species assemblages were significantly different between restoration treatments. Furthermore, the presence or absence of Lithobates sphenocephalus utricularius (Southern Leopard Frog), Gastrophryne carolinensis (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad), and Hyla femoralis (Pine Woods Treefrog) may be used to document restoration success or hydrologic disturbance, respectively. These findings suggest that the restoration activities can be effective and that anurans could be used as performance measures of restoration success.
AROMATIC BIOMARKER FROM BROWN COAL, SANGATTA COALFIELD, EAST BORNEO OF MIDDLE MIOCENE TO LATE MIOCENE AGE

A section of the Sangatta coalfield in the Balikpapan formation located in Kutai Basin, East Borneo, Indonesia, is the Inul area, located North of Pinang Dome. This section of the coalmine has coals with low calories (ca. 4379 cal/g), which is why they cannot be used optimally yet. The reasons of using low calorie coals are besides from being used as a mixing ingredient for the blending process of high calorie coals, they are also used to diversify the coals through the process of coal liquefaction (coal to liquid). In order for the coal liquefaction to be processed correctly, there needs to be a study on the geochemistry organics through coal biomarker analysis, particularly on the hydrocarbon aromatic fractions, so that the origins of the coal organic compounds could be known. Biomarker analysis on the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction shows the existence of naphthalene compound groups with sesquiterpenoids skeleton, phenanthrene with diterpenoids, sesterpenoids skeleton and triterpenoids aromatic pentacyclic. The existence of cadalene compound, triterpene pentacyclic monoaromatic, -triaromatic, -tetraaromatic, -pentaaromatic and triterpenoid C-ring cleaved hydrocarbon with oleanane, ursane and lupane skeletons indicated that the source of coal organic compounds were derived from b-amyrin which were produced by Angiospermae plants. The coal biomarkers distribution, particularly the high abundance of triterpenoid pentacyclic triaromatic compound, confirmed the low maturity of the coals which is predicted to profit from the process of liquefaction due to the high contents of their aromatic fractions.
Information Analysis of Catchment Hydrologic Patterns across Temporal Scales

Catchment hydrologic cycle takes on different patterns across temporal scales. The interim between event-scale hydrologic process and mean annual water-energy correlation pattern requires further examination to justify self-consistent understanding. In this paper, the temporal scale transition revealed by observation and simulation was evaluated in an information theoretical framework named Aleatory Epistemic Uncertainty Estimation. The Aleatory Uncertainty refers to posterior uncertainty of runoff given the input variables’ observations. The Epistemic Uncertainty refers to the posterior uncertainty increase due to the imperfect observation decoding in models. Daily hydrometeorological observations in 24 catchments were aggregated from 10 days to 1 year before implementing the information analysis. Estimations of information contents and flows of hydrologic terms across temporal scales were related with the catchments’ seasonality type. It also showed that information distilled by the monthly and annual water balance models applied here did not correspond to that provided by observations around temporal scale from two months to half a year. This calls for a better understanding of seasonal hydrologic mechanism.
Universal classes of Orlicz function spaces.

It is shown that for each 0 < p < q < oo the space 1/(0, oo) + L9(09 oo), defined as in Interpellation Theory, is universal for the class of all Orlicz function spaces Lψ with Boyd indices strictly between p and q (i.e. every Orlicz function space Lψ is orderisomorphically embedded into L p (0, oo) + Lq(0, oo)). The extreme case of spaces having Boyd indices equal to p or q is also studied. In particular every space Z/(0, oo) + Ls(0, oo) embeds isomorphically into the sum Lp(0, oo) +Lq(0, oo) for any 0</;<r<5<^<oo. 0. Introduction. It is a well-known fact from Interpolation Theory
Beyond conventional migration: non-linear elastic subsalt imaging with transmissions and two-sided illumination

SUMMARY Source–receiver interferometric imaging can be used to synthesize a subsurface acoustic or elastic image, consisting of a zero-time, zero-offset response (or Green’s function) between a colocated pseudo-source and pseudo-receiver placed at each point in the subsurface image. However, if the imaging process does not properly account for multiple reflections, and enclosing boundaries of sources and receivers are not available, the image shows artefacts, poorly illuminated areas and distorted image amplitudes. Here we demonstrate with numerical examples that two-sided non-linear imaging provides the best elastic pure-mode (PP and SS) and converted-mode (PS) images, having higher resolution and more uniform illumination than those obtained from both one-sided linear imaging and from other intermediate steps of imaging (e.g. non-linear one-sided, linear two-sided). We also propose practical approaches to construct the additional fields required by two-sided non-linear imaging without the need for a detailed velocity model and receivers (and/or sources) in the subsurface. Moreover, when conversions are used for imaging, ‘true-amplitude’ images (here true-amplitude means properlyretrievingamplitudesthatrepresentthezero-time,zero-offsetelasticresponse)should theoretically vanish because neither P-to-S or S-to-P conversions arise at zero-time and zerooffset. Applying a correction procedure that accounts for the polarity reversal in PS (or SP) single-shot images helps with their structural interpretation but results in an unphysical estimate of the subsurface response and uninterpretable amplitudes. This suggests that there are advantages in exploiting pure-mode SS reflections/transmissions, in addition to converted waves only, because they require no polarity correction and the resulting image contains meaningful amplitudes that are proportional to the local shear-wave properties of the medium.
Vision Planning for Object Search using Multiple Visual Features

This paper describes a vision planning method for object search using multiple visual features. To realize an efficient search, it is important to select appropriate search actions (i.e., features to use, fixation points, and resolution) depending on the status of the search. We first define similarity measures between the target object image and image regions in input images, and built similarity distribution models for the target object and the background. We then use the distribution for estimating the detection probability of the target in each location in the image for each search action. The planning method repeatedly selects the best search action which maximizes the expectation of the detection probability. We also develop a method of estimating the distribution models for the background from relatively simple image features. We compare the proposed method with methods with fixed search strategies to show its effectiveness.
Exploring the Relationships Between Emotions and State Motivation in a Video-based Learning Environment

The study attempted to collect learners’ emotion and state motivation and analyze learners’ inner state and measure state motivation with non-self-reported survey. Emotions were measured by learning part which represents detail learning situation, and it was used as indicator of total state motivation with prediction power. Also emotion by part was used to explain state motivation by part. The purpose of this study is to overcome the limitations of the video-based learning environment by verifying whether the emotion measured by the learning part can be used as an indicator of the learner’s state motivation. Therefore, 68 students undergone 90minute experiment to measure emotions and state motivation. As a result, emotion measured by part showed a statistically significant relationship between total state motivation and state motivation by part. Although this result is not clear because it is an exploratory study, it is meaningful that this study showed possibility of emotions by part for indicator of state motivation.
Haplotype analyses of orang asli population in taman negara pahang using Y-STR markers

There are many maternal line studies conducted for Orang Asli using mitochondrial DNA. This study focuses on the paternal line, specifically Y-STR and three markers were considered, namely DYS19, DYS390 and DYS391. These markers were used to compare 21 subjects comprising of 7 from Senoi tribes and 14 from Negrito tribes. The samples were collected from Kampung Kuala Atok, Kg. Sungai Tiang, Kg. Dedari, Kg. Krom, Kg. Teresek and Kg. Gam located in Taman Negara Pahang and villages nearby. From these, 14 haplotypes were gained with one of it shared by both tribes while the rest were unique to the tribe. The analyses conducted from the haplotype were gene diversity (GD), locus diversity (DL), haplotype diversity (HD) and discrimination capacity (DC). From the analysis, the GD values range from 0.2480 to 0.7108 whilst the DL values range from 0.2500 to 0.7446. The haplotype diversity and discrimination capacity values were 0.8875 and 0.6364, respectively. Since this work only studied the comparison between Senoi and Negrito, further analysis is going to include the other sub tribes of Orang Asli.
Automatic Simulation of the Chemical Langevin Equation

Biochemical systems have important practical applications, in particular to understanding critical intra-cellular processes. Often biochemical kinetic models represent cellular processes as systems of chemical reactions, traditionally modeled by the deterministic reaction rate equations. In the cellular environment, many biological processes are inherently stochastic. The stochastic fluctuations due to the presence of some low molecular populations may have a great impact on the biochemical system behavior. Then, stochastic models are required for an accurate description of the system dynamics. An important stochastic model of biochemical kinetics is the Chemical Langevin Equation. In this work, we provide a numerical method for approximating the solution of the Chemical Langevin Equation, namely the derivative-free Milstein scheme. The method is compared with the widely used strategy for this class of problems, the Milstein method. As opposed to the Milstein scheme, the proposed strategy has the advantage that it does not require the calculation of exact derivatives, while having the same strong order of accuracy as the Milstein scheme. Therefore it may be used for an automatic simulation of the numerical solution of the Chemical Langevin Equation. The tests on several models of practical interest show that our method performs very well.