Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Illegal Dark Web Arms Markets

The nature of online underground gun markets on the dark web has been relatively underresearched in comparison to those regarding drugs or malware. This work attempts to improve the general understanding of the nature of these markets, with a longitudinal assessment of the market as a whole. From this assessment, the various properties that characterize the market such as overall sales and the breadth of items on offer can be catalogued and compared against offline markets, or other online markets. In addition to this longitudinal study, the online communities surrounding the sale of firearms were identified, with topic models fit to the datasets spanning approximately five years, with the intent of characterizing and comparing them to each other in a more structured manner. Once the topic models were generated, documents were drawn from before and after mass shooting attacks. These documents were then labeled by the separate topic models, and then contrasted and compared against each other in order to assess the reactions of these communities to traumatic events, thus observing if there were clear patterns of behavior universal across these communities. Online underground arms markets were found to be generally thin, albeit larger in scale than a few years before, and appear to be predominantly focused on the sale of rifles, pistols, and custom orders. Gun communities online were observed to differ depending on the strictness of moderation of their parent communities, though still have a number of shared topics, such as gun legislation or usage. Furthermore, the assessed communities varied heavily in their reactions to attacks, further highlighting their differences. Characterization of Illegal Dark Web Arms Markets iii
Abstract— When it’s between a robot on your team and a human member of a competing team, who will you favor? Past

When it’s between a robot on your team and a human member of a competing team, who will you favor? Past research indicates that people favor and behave more morally toward ingroup than outgroup members. Conversely, people typically indicate that they have more moral responsibilities toward humans than nonhumans. This study puts participants into two competing teams, each consisting of two humans and two robots, to examine how people behave toward others depending on Group (ingroup, outgroup) and Agent (human, robot) variables. Measures of behavioral aggression used in previous studies (i.e., noise blasts) and reported liking and anthropomorphism evaluations of humans and robots indicated that participants favored the ingroup over the outgroup, and humans over robots. Group had a greater effect than Agent, so participants preferred ingroup robots to outgroup humans.
The swallowtail integral in the highly oscillatory region II

THE SWALLOWTAIL INTEGRAL IN THE HIGHLY OSCILLATORY REGION II∗ CHELO FERREIRA†, JOSÉ L. LÓPEZ‡, AND ESTER PÉREZ SINUSíA† Abstract. We analyze the asymptotic behavior of the swallowtail integral ∫∞ −∞ e i(t5+xt3+yt2+zt)dt for large values of |y| and bounded values of |x| and |z|. We use the simplified saddle point method introduced in [López et al., J. Math. Anal. Appl. , 354 (2009), pp. 347–359]. With this method, the analysis is more straightforward than with the standard saddle point method, and it is possible to derive complete asymptotic expansions of the integral for large |y| and fixed x and z. There are four Stokes lines in the sector (−π, π] that divide the complex y-plane into four sectors in which the swallowtail integral behaves differently when |y| is large. The asymptotic approximation is the sum of two asymptotic series whose terms are elementary functions of x, y, and z. One of them is of Poincaré type and is given in terms of inverse powers of y1/2. The other one is given in terms of an asymptotic sequence whose terms are of the order of inverse powers of y1/9 when |y| → ∞, and it is multiplied by an exponential factor that behaves differently in the four mentioned sectors. Some numerical experiments illustrate the accuracy of the approximation.
Analysis of an agent-based model for predicting the behavior of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) under the influence of acoustic deterrence

Bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) are an invasive, voracious, highly fecund species threatening the ecological integrity of the Great Lakes. This agent-based model and analysis explore bighead carp behavior in response to acoustic deterrence in an effort to discover properties that increase likelihood of deterrence system failure. Results indicate the most significant (p < 0.05) influences on barrier failure are the quantity of detritus and plankton behind the barrier, total number of bighead carp successfully deterred by the barrier, and number of native fishes freely moving throughout the simulation. Quantity of resources behind the barrier influence bighead carp to penetrate when populations are resource deprived. When native fish populations are low, an accumulation of phytoplankton can occur, increasing the likelihood of an algal bloom occurrence. Findings of this simulation suggest successful implementation with proper maintenance of an acoustic deterrence system has potential of abating the threat of bighead carp on ecological integrity of the Great Lakes.
Evidence for wage depression in firms with high diversity*

Measuring the economic impact of co-workers from different countries of origin has sparked intense scrutiny in labour economics, albeit with an uncomfortable methodological limitation: most attempts at measuring the impact of diversity – and at measuring diversity itself – have involved metrics that eliminate most of the economically relevant distances between different countries of origin. The typical example of such metrics are diversity indicators that divide the firm’s workforce into black and white, foreign and native, European and non European, etc. We propose an entirely novel approach based on the conversion of the qualitative information on individuals’ countries of origin into an aggregate firm-level diversity indicator based on UNEP’s Human Development Index (HDI), a standard harmonized measure of cross-country variations that is available for virtually all countries in the world. We use this new aggregate measure to estimate state-of-the-art wage equations for Belgium that control for a range of observable and time-invariant unobservable factors, including variations in labour productivity between firms and within firms over time. Our results suggest that diversity is relatively unproblematic for wages in most Belgian firms – except for high diversity firms in which it turns out to be very problematic. The wage discrimination in high-diversity firms could be alleviated through stronger presence of collective bargaining and/or efforts to decluster foreigners from low-HDI countries in these firms. JEL Classification: J15, J16, J24, J31, J7
Utilization potential of quality protein maize in spiced ogi

The high incidence of protein energy malnutrition among children under 5 years in Nigeria informed this study. Quality protein maize (QPM) produces more lysine and tryptophan than most modern varieties of maize. It has been reported to be economically superior to traditional maize. This research focuses on QPM ogi fortified with indigenous food spices in order to improve its health benefits and organoleptic properties. The yellow variety QPM ART98/SW1 was processed into ogi with inclusion of natural spices (garlic, ginger and clove) each at 1 and 3% concentration. Spiced ogi paste samples were assessed for proximate, minerals, functional and sensory properties on day zero (0). The other portions of the spiced ogi samples were stored for 15 days for microbial analysis and pH. For all parameters studied, plain QPM ogi served as control. Total viable count increased with days of storage in all the ogi samples but the least counts were recorded in QPM ogi spiced with 3% cloves. Crude protein was highest (6.21%) in QPM ogi spiced with 3% clove whereas the control contained 5.57%. The pH of all the ogi samples decreased with days of storage. The most abundant mineral in all the ogi samples is magnesium (mg) which ranges from 1213 to 1495 mg/kg. The result of functional properties shows that the ogi samples had good gelatinization properties. In conclusion, addition of spices improved the nutrient contents of ogi made from QPM. Quality protein maize ogi with 1% ginger was preferred to all the other spiced QPM samples in terms of sensory attributes. Shelf life of QPM ogi could be improved by fortifying with clove at a 3% level. Key words: Quality protein maize, spices, ogi.
Dynamic Relationship between Fertility and Child Mortality for Indian States

Important demographic regularities between fertility and child mortality rates in Indian states are strong positive correlation and roughly parallel decline over time. This suggests developing a dynamic relationship between them by using National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data. Vector Auto regressions (VAR) with exogenous variable methodology are employed to estimate their relationship. Our model estimated a fertility equation in which child mortality rate is an endogenous variable in simultaneous equations system and vice versa. The model yields implication for the number of children born per thousand reproductive periods of women and died before reaching age five per thousand live births during a particular period of time. In order to evaluate the accuracy of estimates, we compare our estimates with observed estimates which provide consistent result.
Influence of Overweight, Obesity, Social Support, and Self-Efficacy on Breastfeeding Outcomes Among African-American Women

Influence of Overweight, Obesity, Social Support, and Self-Efficacy on Breastfeeding Outcomes Among African-American Women by Elizabeth Hoo MPH, Armstrong Atlantic State University, 2008 BS, University of Georgia, 2002 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health Walden University May 2016 Abstract Breastfeeding reduces morbidity and mortality among mothers and children, yet AfricanAmerican women breastfeed at lower rates than women of other racial and ethnic groups do. Higher rates of overweight, obesity, and low socioeconomic status may be contributing factors in this population; however, limited research exists regarding the roles of maternal overweight and obesity on breastfeeding outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine whether social support and self-efficacy positively influence breastfeeding outcomes among overweight and obese African American women. Self-Breastfeeding reduces morbidity and mortality among mothers and children, yet AfricanAmerican women breastfeed at lower rates than women of other racial and ethnic groups do. Higher rates of overweight, obesity, and low socioeconomic status may be contributing factors in this population; however, limited research exists regarding the roles of maternal overweight and obesity on breastfeeding outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine whether social support and self-efficacy positively influence breastfeeding outcomes among overweight and obese African American women. Selfefficacy and social support theories provided the theoretical framework for the study. Research questions examined whether (a) maternal overweight and obesity, social support, and self-efficacy were associated with breastfeeding initiation and duration among African-American women; and (b) self-efficacy mediated this association. The study design was a quantitative retrospective analysis of a subset of secondary data from the 2009–2011 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (n = 10,926). SPSS 21.0® was used for analyses. Obesity was significantly associated with breastfeeding durations of 9–16 weeks and 17 or more weeks. Self-efficacy was significantly associated with breastfeeding initiation only. Social support was negatively associated with breastfeeding durations of 9–16 weeks among obese women. Positive social change implications include increased knowledge of the associations between overweight, obesity, social support, self-efficacy, and breastfeeding outcomes among AfricanAmerican women. This knowledge could be used to inform the development of interventions to improve breastfeeding and weight related health outcomes. Influence of Overweight, Obesity, Social Support, and Self-Efficacy on Breastfeeding Outcomes Among African-American Women by Elizabeth Hoo MPH, Armstrong Atlantic State University, 2008 BS, University of Georgia, 2002 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
ECHOSOUNDER OBSERVATIONS FROM AN UNMANNED SURFACE VESSEL IN THE ARCTIC

Two SailBuoys, long endurance unmanned ocean surface vehicles, were deployed in the Fram Strait in June-July 2016. One of the SailBuoys was equipped with a single beam echosounder, and the other with a sensor suite designed to measure ocean acidification. Recordings by the echosounder were converted to echograms. We have developed a system to identify objects by removing noise in the echograms and categorized them by their shape descriptors. Although interpretation of the categorized objects is limited by the lack of groundtruth information, each category is assumed to be an organism type in this study. Physical and chemical data from the other SailBuoy, XBT profiles taken during the 2016 research cruise, and satellite remote sensing data are available as independent variables. In this study, the relationship between the behaviour of the categorized “organism” data and the independent environmental variables is investigated.
THE INFLUENCE OF NATIONAL CULTURE ON ORGANIZATIONAL SUBCULTURES AND LEADERSHIP STYLES IN SERBIAN ENTERPRISES: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS1

The main intention of this study was to analyze cultural influences on leadership styles and organizational subcultures in Serbian enterprises. Hofstede’s wellknown research about national cultures has been used as the theoretical framework for examining the above-mentioned organizational phenomena. The results of the study confirmed earlier findings about national culture in Serbia, which is characterized by high Power Distance, high Uncertainty Avoidance, strong Collectivism and, mostly, “feminine” values. As for leadership, the study reveals that authoritative style is absolutely prevailing pattern of managerial behavior in Serbian enterprises.
Miniaturized SIW Bandpass Filter Based on TSV Technology for THz Applications

A miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter with an area of 0.682 × 0.210 mm2 is proposed based on through-silicon via (TSV) technology for terahertz (THz) applications. The design method of the THz cavity filter based on rectangular TSV is introduced and the filtering characteristics are investigated by the finite element method and the mode matching method. The rectangular TSV is substituted by cylindrical structures and the THz cavity filter is fabricated and measured in order to investigate the possibility of integration with typical three-dimensional integrated circuit manufacturing processes. The cavity filter utilizing cylindrical TSV exhibits a bandwidth of 0.051 THz centered at 0.331 THz, an insertion loss of 1.5 dB, and a reflection of higher than 15 dB in the passband.
DYNAMIC MODELING USING VECTOR ERROR-CORRECTION MODEL: STUDYING THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG DATA SHARE PRICE OF ENERGY PGAS MALAYSIA, AKRA, INDONESIA, AND PTT PCL-THAILAND

Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM) is a method of statistical analysis frequently used in many studies in time series data of economy, business and finance, and data energy. It is applied across researches due to its simplicity and limited restrictions. VECM can explain not only the dynamic behavior of the relationship among variables of endogenous and exogenous, but also among the endogenous variables. Moreover, it also explains the impact of a variable or a set of variables on others by means of Impulse Response Function and Granger Causality analysis. It can also be used for forecasting multivariate time series data. In this research, the relationship of three share price of energy (from three Asean countries: PGAS Malaysia, AKRA Indonesia, and PTT Thailand) will be studied. The data in this study were collected from October 2005 to August 2019. Based on the comparison of some VECM models, it was found that the best model is VECM (2) with cointegration rank=3. The dynamic behavior of the data is studied through Impulse Response Function (IRF), Granger Causality analysis and forecasting for the next five periods(weeks).
SenseFB: Linking Facebook Usage to Mental Health Using Mobile Sensing Data

Many of the mental problems like depression and stress remain hidden among college students. Although social media usage has been widely adopted in human mental well-being and personality research, no work has combined online and ofﬂine behaviors collectively to understand mental health. The SenseFB links Facebook usage with the activity and mental well-being data of 63 students collected by continuous smart-phone and wristband sensing across a 10-week term at XXX College. We ﬁrst analyze the general patterns of Facebook activities within a XXX term. We then examine different Face-book behaviors under various stress levels using the textual features of messages. Then, we observe a number of Facebook variables, especially the number of interests on a user’s proﬁle, signiﬁcantly correlate with his/her mental well-being scales. Finally, we discuss how a combination of Facebook variables and automatic sensing data from smartphones and wristbands contribute to a better estimation in some aspects of mental wellness.
Snowﬂake Logarithmic Metrics for Face Recognition in the Zernike Domain

Five power transform (a.k.a snowﬂake) distance metrics are constructed for the purpose of deﬁning similarity measures for holistic face recognition. The power transform metrics are based on the logarithm of ﬁve distance metrics: Euclidean, City-Block, Soergel, Lorentzian and Minkowski metrics. The constructed power logarithmic metrics have been called PL-Euclidean, PL-City-Block, PL-Soergel, PL-Lorentzian and PL-Minkowski. Distance is considered in the Zernike domain of face images, a domain that contains a vector of Zernike moments for each face image. These distance metrics are further modiﬁed as similarity measures then normalized to be restricted over the range (0,1) so that a fair comparison could be made with the well-known image structural similarity measure (SSIM) and Feature Similarity Index for Image Quality Assignment (FSIM). The purpose is discovering the similarity of a given face image with a face-database to check for best match. A measure for quality of recognition is proposed. This conﬁdence is based on the difference between similarities given by the most likely match with that given by
AHP BASED METHODOLOGIES FOR SUPPLIERS SELECTION: A CRITICAL REVIEW

The Supplier Selection Problem (SSP) consists of analyzing and measuring the performance of a set of suppliers in order to rank and select them with the general objective of improving the competitiveness of the entire supply system. Since many factors should be taken into account, very often conflicting each other, the problem can be tackled using multi-criteria approach. A survey of the scientific literature highlights that the most used methodology is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with its variants. In this paper a careful scrutiny of the papers appeared on international scientific journals in the recent years on the SSP is provided. In particular the analysis focuses on the use of AHP and its variants to solve different aspects of the problem. The results of the study allow individuating opportunities and open issues arising by the use of multi-criteria approaches, with particular reference to AHP-based models, to model the SSP.
RUST RESISTANCE GENE PRESENT IN COMMON BEAN CULTIVAR OURO NEGRO (UR-ON) DOES NOT CORRESPOND TO UR-3+

Rust, incited by the fungus Uromyces appendiculatus, can cause serious damage to common bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) crops in humid tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Resistance gene pyramiding has been used as a strategy to overcome this problem. Identification of different rust resistance genes with wide resistance spectra and determination of the allelic relationships among them are basic steps for works aiming at developing new bean commercial cultivars with durable resistance. Cultivar Ouro Negro is the main rust resistance source used in Brazil (Faleiro et al., 2004). It is resistant to several pathotypes of U. appendiculatus collected in central, northem and southern Brazil (Rios et al., 2001; Souza et al, 2005). The temporary symbol Ur-ON was assigned to the rust resistance gene present in 'Ouro Negro' because it has not been fully characterized. AUelism studies reported by Alzate-Marin et al. (2004) showed that Ur-ON does not correspond to genes Ur-5 (cv. Mexico 309) or Ur-11 (line Belmidak RR-3). To aid the characterization of the rust resistance locus present in 'Ouro Negro', in this work we determined the allelic relationships between Ur-ON diXiá the gene C/r-i^ from cultivar Mexico 235. Initially, the reactions of 'Ouro Negro' and 'Mexico 235' to eight selected races of U. appendiculatus from the state of Minas Gerais (central Brazil) were determined. In addition, the presence/absence of SCAR and RAPD markers reported as Hnked in coupling phase to the gene Ur-ON wsis tested in 'Mexico 235'. Finally, we analyzed the inheritance of rust resistance in an F2 population derived from crosses between 'Mexico 235' and 'Ouro Negro'. Ten days after sowing the primary leaves of ten plants each of cultivars Ouro Negro, Mexico 235 and U.S. Pinto 111 (susceptible control) were inoculated with spore suspensions (2.0 X 10^ spores/ml) of eight selected races of U appendiculatus (Table 1). The plants were then incubated for two days in a mist chamber kept at 20-22°C and 100% relative humidity (Souza et al., 2005). Fifteen days after inoculation the plants were scored visually for the disease symptoms using a l-to-6 scale (Stavely et al., 1983). Resistance reaction was assigned to plants with no or limited symptoms (grades 1 to 3), whereas plants graded 4 or greater were considered to be susceptible. Leaf DNA from plants of these three cultivars was extracted by a procedure based on Doyle & Doyle (1990). Amplification reactions were according to Faleiro et al. (2000) for the RAPD marker OPXII550 and according to Correa et al. (2000) for SCAR markers
Poster: SIMD: A SDN-based IP and MAC Dynamic Method against Reconnaissance

—Network reconnaissance techniques are often used for detecting the vulnerabilities or location of potential targets, and are automatically executed by malware infected hosts. This paper design and implement a SDN-based dynamic method (SIMD) that disguises IP and MAC by virtual addresses at the network level. SIMD effectively cuts off the relevance between L2/L3 address and the real network identity, and maximizes the hidden internal host, and delay the attackers reconnaissance speed.
ISOTHERMAL FLOW OF SHEAR THINNING FLUIDS THROUGH A HIGHLY PERMEABLE POROUS MEDIUM WITH IMPERMEABLE WALLS

The Brinkman equation is used to model the isothermal flow of shear thinning fluids in a highly permeable porous medium at different Darcy parameters (Da) and power-law indices. Both finite element and analytical techniques are applied to solve this equation. The analytical solution is based on a trial and error procedure and shows flow channelling in the boundary layer. It is shown that inherently unstable finite element solution can be stabilized for a range of Darcy parameter and power law index.