Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Resistance Exercise Program for Elders with Type 2 Diabetes on the Self Care, Stress and HbA1C

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of resistance exercise program for elders with type 2 Diabetes on the self care, stress and HbA1c. Methods: Thirty three elders with type 2 Diabetes(18 experimental and 15 control subjects) were selected conveniently among the aged who had been enrolled in a community senior center. The subjects in experimental group participated in a resistance exercise program for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/Win 12.0. Results: The resistance exercise program showed a statistical difference in self care(t=-4.39, p=.000) and stress(t=2.22, p=.034). However, there was not a statistical difference in HbA1c (F=.556, p=.557), but experimental group had decreased continuously in HbA1c after the program. Conclusion: The resistance exercise program improved self care and reduced the stress in the elders with type 2 Diabetes. Therefore, resistance exercise program can be applied as an effective nursing intervention to promote self care, decrease the stress and to prevent complication for the elders with type 2 Diabetes.
Influence of Hamstrings on Knee Moments During Loading Response of Gait in Individuals Following ACL Reconstruction

Biomechanical studies consistently report smaller knee extensor moments in the surgical limb during loading response (LR) of gait following ACL reconstruction (ACLr). However, this reduction in knee loading is quantified by net joint moments (NJM). As a result, in the presence of greater hamstring activity, the true contribution from the knee extensors may not be reduced. The purpose of this study is to compare hamstring activity and strength and knee joint moments between individuals post‐ACLr and controls. Eighteen individuals 3 months post‐ACLr and matched controls walked and net knee extensor moment peak and impulse and hamstring activity were identified during LR, as well as maximal hamstring strength. A hybrid musculoskeletal model estimated knee flexor moments from joint kinematics and hamstring electromyography. Flexor moments (SIMM) were scaled based on strength. Knee extensor moments were estimated from the sum of the net knee moment and estimated knee flexor moment; estimated extensor moment peaks and impulse were calculated during LR. Repeated measures analysis of variance compared groups and limbs. Smaller net knee extensor moment and greater hamstring activity, as well as deficits in maximal hamstring strength, were observed in the surgical limb (all p < 0.05). When accounting for the torque‐producing capabilities of the knee flexors, estimated knee extensor moment peak and impulse were smaller in the surgical limb. These findings suggest that net knee moments accurately reflect smaller knee extensor loading post‐ACLr. Statement of Clinical Significance: Rehabilitation programs should target increasing knee extensor loading to restore gait mechanics during early rehabilitation. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:378‐386, 2020
Toward an understanding of recent developments in RPL routing

The ability to enhance network routing for flexible support of different application requirements is essential to widen the horizon for the Internet of things (IoT) deployments. The Internet protocol (IP) version 6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) provides an effective routing solution addressing such a challenge. It realises flexible end-to-end IP routing that can be adapted to support different IoT applications. This is based on the concept of customisable objective functions (OFs), which facilitates application-specific routing using a wide range of routing metrics. There are only two default OFs of basic routing metrics, which are specified by the Internet engineering task force for RPL. However, a number of others have been proposed by the network research community to address single- and multi-objective RPL routing enhancement. These research proposals followed different methodological approaches and adopted a variety of routing metrics to achieve different optimisation goals. Up-to-date research efforts to improve RPL routing and topology optimisation have been reviewed, and recent RPL OFs and routing metrics in the literature have been discussed. The major aim is shedding light on relevant contributions to establish a firm understanding of recent RPL developments and outline plausible areas for follow-up researches.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

2,2′,3,5′,6‐Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB‐95) is an environmental neurotoxicant. There is accumulated evidence that some neurotoxic effects of PCB‐95 are caused by increased spontaneous Ca oscillations in neurons resulting from modifying ryanodine receptors (RyR) in calcium‐releasing channels. However, there are large gaps in explaining brain and other developmental malformations on embryonic PCB‐95 exposure. In the present study, we address those deficiencies by studying the toxic effects of PCB‐95 using zebrafish as an ontogenetic model. To characterize these effects, zebrafish embryos with intact chorions were exposed to 4 different concentrations of PCB‐95 (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 ppm) for 3 consecutive days. The controls were maintained in 0.5 × E2 medium or egg water and in 0.1% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/0.5 × E2 medium or egg water. PCB‐95‐treated groups showed dose‐dependent decreases in survival and hatching rates, with increased rates of developmental malformations when compared to controls. These include morphological malformations, brain cell necrosis, and smaller eye sizes at 5 d post fertilization. These data suggest potential mechanisms underlying the abnormal behavior observed in a visual stimulus assay. The present study provides insight into PCB‐95‐ induced developmental toxicity and supports the use of the zebrafish model in understanding the effects of PCB‐95 exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:162–170. © 2019 SETAC
Food Insecurity and Child Health

In this study, we establish that food insecurity has independent and negative effects on children’s health. OBJECTIVES: Food insecurity is an important public health problem facing children in the United States. Although a number of previous studies suggest that food insecurity has negative impacts on health, these studies have not dealt thoroughly with issues of selection bias. We use propensity scoring techniques to approximate the causal effects of food insecurity on children’s health and health care use outcomes. METHODS: We use nationally representative data from the 2013–2016 waves of the National Health Interview Study (N = 29 341). Using inverse probability of treatment weighting, a propensity scoring method, we examine a broad range of child health outcomes and account for a comprehensive set of controls, focusing on a sample of children 2 to 17 years old. RESULTS: Household food insecurity was related to significantly worse general health, some acute and chronic health problems, and worse health care access, including forgone care and heightened emergency department use, for children. Compared to rates had they not been food insecure, children in food-insecure household had rates of lifetime asthma diagnosis and depressive symptoms that were 19.1% and 27.9% higher, rates of foregone medical care that were 179.8% higher, and rates of emergency department use that were 25.9% higher. No significant differences emerged for most communicable diseases, such as ear infections or chicken pox, or conditions that may develop more gradually, including anemia and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Policies used to reduce household food insecurity among children may also reduce children’s chronic and acute health problems and health care needs.
Framework for motion prediction of vehicles in a simulation environment

Efficient testing and validation of software components for highly automate vehicles is one of the key challenges to be solved for their massive deployment. The number of driving situation and environment variables makes validation almost intractable with real vehicles in open roads, and the testing reproducibility can only be achieved via simulation. This manuscript presents a framework and preliminary results for motion prediction of vehicles in a simulation environment that is being currently developed by the AUTOPIA Program.
Medical Nutrition Therapy in Critically Ill Patients Treated on Intensive and Intermediate Care Units: A Literature Review

Medical nutrition therapy in critically ill patients remains challenging, not only because of the pronounced stress response with a higher risk for complications, but also due to their heterogeneity evolving from different phases of illness. The present review aims to address current knowledge and guidelines in order to summarize how they can be best implemented into daily clinical practice. Further studies are urgently needed to answer such important questions as best timing, route, dose, and composition of medical nutrition therapy for critically ill patients and to determine how to assess and to adapt to patients’ individual needs.
¿Gobernanza de los residuos sólidos? Estudio de caso sobre el ejido Los Ángeles, Reserva de la Biósfera La Sepultura, Chiapas, México

En México se tienen pocos estudios sobre la generación y manejo de residuos sólidos (RS) en las comunidades rurales que se encuentran dentro de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas. El propósito de este trabajo es conocer cuáles son las relaciones sociales dentro del ejido Los Ángeles, Villaflores —inmerso dentro de la Reserva de la Biósfera la Sepultura, Chiapas— en torno al manejo de los RS mediante un marco analítico de gobernanza. Se aplicaron 23 entrevistas semiestructuradas para conocer a los actores involucrados y las acciones que han implementado en los últimos ocho años. En los resultados se encontró que, de los trece actores involucrados, la clínica comunitaria es el actor local con resultados más constantes al regular el manejo de los RS a través de la participación de las mujeres beneficiarias del Programa de Inclusión Social (PROSPERA). Entre los actores locales las relaciones que tienen que ver con el manejo de los RS son casi inexistentes; no obstante, entre los actores externos se observa una mayor conexión y cooperación para lograr sus objetivos. Se concluye que no hay una gobernanza de los RS, sino relaciones jerárquicas en donde su manejo obedece a políticas y reglas de actores externos tanto gubernamentales como privados.
Psyllium (Plantago Ovata Forsk) Husk Powder as a Natural Superdisintegrant for Orodispersible Formulations: A Study on Meloxicam Tablets

(1) Background: In this work, we investigated the application of a natural superdisintegrant, psyllium (Plantago ovata Forsk) husk powder, for the manufacture of orodispersible meloxicam tablets. Meloxicam was chosen as a model compound for the study. (2) Methods: The tablets were prepared using different concentrations of psyllium husk by direct compression. Bulk density, tapped density, hardness, friability, in vitro disintegration, and dissolution time tests were used to assess the quality of the formulations. (3) Results: Psyllium husk powder significantly increased the dissolution rate of meloxicam. The formulation containing 16 mg of psyllium husk powder showed the lowest wetting time, the highest water absorption ratio, and the lowest disintegration time compared to the control and to the other formulations. These effects may be attributed to the rapid uptake of water due to the vigorous swelling ability of psyllium husk powder. (4) Conclusions: The powder could be recommended as an effective natural superdisintegrant for orodispersible formulations.
Targeted transposition with Tn7 elements: safe sites, mobile plasmids, CRISPR/Cas and beyond

Transposon Tn7 is notable for the control it exercises over where transposition events are directed. One Tn7 integration pathways recognizes a highly conserved attachment (att) site in the chromosome, while a second pathway specifically recognizes mobile plasmids that facilitate transfer of the element to new hosts. In this review, I discuss newly discovered families of Tn7‐like elements with different targeting pathways. Perhaps the most exciting examples are multiple instances where Tn7‐like elements have repurposed CRISPR/Cas systems. In these cases, the CRISPR/Cas systems have lost their canonical defensive function to destroy incoming mobile elements; instead, the systems have been naturally adapted to use guide RNAs to specifically direct transposition into these mobile elements. The new families of Tn7‐like elements also include a variety of novel att sites in bacterial chromosomes where genome islands can form. Interesting families have also been revealed where proteins described in the prototypic Tn7 element are fused or otherwise repurposed for the new dual activities. This expanded understanding of Tn7‐like elements broadens our view of how genetic systems are repurposed and provides potentially exciting new tools for genome modification and genomics. Future opportunities and challenges to understanding the impact of the new families of Tn7‐like elements are discussed.
searching for Evidence of Physiological Change

Therapeutic touch, first described by Krieger in 1975 as an act of healing or helping that is akin to the ancient practice of laying-on hands, is proving to be a useful adjunct to orthodox nursing practices. It is being taught as an intrinsic part of the master's curriculum in nursing at New York University, is the subject of continuing education courses and workshops at universities throughout the United States, and has been a part of inservice programs for nurses at several hospitals in the country. Basic to therapeutic touch is the concept that the human body has an excess of energy. The person who administers therapeutic touch engages in an effort to direct his own excess energies for the use of the ill person, who can be thought of as being in less than an optimal energy state(1). This transfer of energy is intentional and is motivated by an interest in the needs of the patient. The state of consciousness in which this is done can best be described as
Dual Role of Oxidative Stress in Head and Neck Cancer Chemotherapy: Cytotoxicity and Pro-survival Autophagy

Increased intracellular glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx) metabolism are mechanisms that are widely implicated in chemotherapy resistance. The current study tests if simultaneous inhibition of both GSH and Trx systems would induce cytotoxicity via oxidative stress in human head and neck cancer (HNSCC) cells and sensitize HNSCC cells to the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib. Inhibition of GSH and Trx with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and auranofin (AUR) respectively induced significant decreases in cell viability and clonogenic survival compared to either drug alone in FaDu, Cal-27 and SCC-25 HNSCC cells in vitro and in a Cal-27 xenograft model. BSO+AUR significantly induced parameters of oxidative stress such as increased glutathione and thioredoxin oxidation compared to the other treatment groups in vitro. Glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activity were unaffected by BSO+AUR, but peroxiredoxin activity was significantly suppressed in HNSCC cells treated with AUR and BSO+AUR. Pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine completely reversed BSO+AUR-induced cell killing in FaDu and Cal-27 cells, however, catalase and selenium significantly reversed BSO+AUR-induced cell killing in only FaDu cells. AUR significantly increased caspase 3/7 activity and reduced the viability of Bax/Bak double knockout (DKO) mouse hematopoietic that were reconstituted with Bax (DKO-Bax), but did not affect the viability of DKO cells supporting the role of apoptosis in AUR-induced cell killing. However BSO+AUR decreased caspase 3/7 activity and significantly reduced the viability of both DKO and DKO-Bax MEFs suggesting that that necrosis was involved. The combination of BSO and AUR significantly sensitized FaDu, Cal-27, SCC-25 and SQ20B cells to the EGFR inhibitor Erlotinib in vitro. These results support the
Production of IFNβ by Conventional Dendritic Cells after Stimulation with Viral Compounds and IFNβ-Independent IFNAR1-Signaling Pathways are Associated with Aggravation of Polymicrobial Sepsis

Viral infections are associated with increased incidence of severe sepsis. Particularly during the early stages, type I interferons (IFNs) are known mediators of detrimental effects. However, the functional role of early interferon β (IFNβ) and its cellular source during sepsis in the context of preexisting viral infections has not been defined. Using the colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP) model, we demonstrate that IFNβ−/− and type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1)−/− mice were less susceptible to sepsis after pre-stimulation with the viral mimetic poly(I:C). Wild type (WT) mice treated with poly(I:C) exhibited altered expression patterns of TNF and IL-12p40 during CASP which were dependent on IFNβ or IFNAR1, suggesting a mechanism for the increased sepsis susceptibility of WT mice. Using a double cytokine reporter mouse model, we present novel data on the simultaneous expression of IFNβ and IL-12p40 on a single cell level during polymicrobial sepsis in vivo. Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) were identified as primary source of IFNβ and the protective cytokine IL-12p40 after CASP surgery irrespective of poly(I:C) pre-stimulation. These data demonstrated that if polymicrobial sepsis is preceded by a viral infection, IFNβ and IL-12p40 are expressed by polyfunctional cDCs suggesting that these cells can play both detrimental and beneficial roles during sepsis development.
Cow ghee fortified ocular topical microemulsion; in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evaluation

Abstract Aim: Utility of cow ghee (CG) as permeation enhancer in development of topical ocular microemulsion (ME) for delivery of fluocinolone acetonide (FA) to posterior eye. Methods: For ME preparation, oil, surfactant and cosurfactant were screened based on solubility of FA. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to determine their ratios. The developed MEs were characterised for their physicochemical properties like size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and stability etc. They were evaluated for ex vivo permeation and irritation. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were performed on Sprague dawley rats. Results: Lauroglycol as oil, labrasol as surfactant and Transcutol as cosurfactant were selected. The optimised ratio of oil:surfactant:cosurfactant:water was 4:23:23:50. The developed FA loaded ME fortified with CG was characterised. Ex vivo study revealed higher permeation and non-irritancy. In vivo pharmacokinetic study showed retention of CG fortified ME in posterior rat eye. Conclusion: Present investigation established CG as permeation enhancer for ocular topical formulation.
Biophysical characterization and modulation of Transthyretin Ala97Ser

Ala97Ser (A97S) is the major transthyretin (TTR) mutation in Taiwanese patients of familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP), characterized by a late‐onset but rapidly deteriorated neuropathy. Tafamidis can restore the stability of some mutant TTR tetramers and slow down the progression of TTR‐FAP. However, there is little understanding of the biophysical features of A97S‐TTR mutant and the pharmacological modulation effect of tafamidis on it. This study aims to delineate the biophysical characteristics of A97S‐TTR and the pharmacological modulation effect of tafamidis on this mutant.
Panoptic View of Prognostic Models for Personalized Breast Cancer Management

The efforts to personalize treatment for patients with breast cancer have led to a focus on the deeper characterization of genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity among breast cancers. Traditional pathology utilizes microscopy to profile the morphologic features and organizational architecture of tumor tissue for predicting the course of disease, and is the first-line set of guiding tools for customizing treatment decision-making. Currently, clinicians use this information, combined with the disease stage, to predict patient prognosis to some extent. However, tumoral heterogeneity stubbornly persists among patient subgroups delineated by these clinicopathologic characteristics, as currently used methodologies in diagnostic pathology lack the capability to discern deeper genotypic and subtler phenotypic differences among individual patients. Recent advancements in molecular pathology, however, are poised to change this by joining forces with multiple-omics technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) that provide a wealth of data about the precise molecular complement of each patient’s tumor. In addition, these technologies inform the drivers of disease aggressiveness, the determinants of therapeutic response, and new treatment targets in the individual patient. The tumor architecture information can be integrated with the knowledge of the detailed mutational, transcriptional, and proteomic phenotypes of cancer cells within individual tumors to derive a new level of biologic insight that enables powerful, data-driven patient stratification and customization of treatment for each patient, at each stage of the disease. This review summarizes the prognostic and predictive insights provided by commercially available gene expression-based tests and other multivariate or clinical -omics-based prognostic/predictive models currently under development, and proposes a more inclusive multiplatform approach to tackling the challenging heterogeneity of breast cancer to individualize its management. “The future is already here—it’s just not very evenly distributed. ”-William Ford Gibson
Association between hand grip strength and impaired health-related quality of life in Korean cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study

Objectives To assess the association between hand grip strength (HGS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Korean cancer survivors. Design Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting A nationally representative population survey data (face-to-face interviews and health examinations were performed in mobile examination centres). Participants A total of 1037 cancer survivors (person with cancer of any type who is still living) with available data on HGS and HRQoL in the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2014–2017). Primary outcome measures Prevalence of impaired HRQoL by HGS. Results Among 1037 cancer survivors (60.7% women, mean age=62.2 years), 19.2% of them had weak HGS according to gender-specific cut-off values (lowest quintile<29.7 kg in men and <19.7 kg in women). In the study population, the most common cancer site was the stomach, followed by the thyroid, breast, colorectal and cervix. Individuals with weak HGS showed statistically significantly increased impairment in all five dimensions of the EuroQoL-5 dimension (EQ-5D) compared with those in patients with normal HGS. In a multinomial logistic regression analysis, impaired HRQoL (some or extreme problem in EQ-5D) was significantly reduced in each dimension of the EQ-5D, except for anxiety/depression, when HGS was increased. The OR for impaired HRQoL ranged from 0.86 to 0.97 per 1 kg increase in HGS in four dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activity and pain/discomfort). Conclusions Weak HGS was associated with impaired HRQoL in cancer survivors. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the causality between HGS and HRQoL in cancer survivors.