Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews

This review positions World Class: Teaching and Learning in Global Times by William Gaudelli, solidly within a framework of equity and social justice by linking global education to education that seeks to address the inequities of stratification and division within and between nations. World Class aptly demonstrates how such issues interfere with cross-cultural interaction in secondary classes whose focus is on global interconnectedness and world cultures. Gaudelli explores the contexts and tensions that shape global education in three New Jersey high schools and uses his findings to map out a “middle path’’ for global education—one that emphasizes relevance, critical inquiry, and global citizenship. This path privileges neither the universal nor the particular, but rather treats these as tools for dialogue about the nature of global citizenship. Schools today face the challenge of preparing young people for a rapidly changing world—a world that is dominated by global interconnectedness. However, because of fundamental differences in their historic development, classroom studies of equity and social and economic justice seldom explore these issues within the context of global education (Merryfield, 1996). Making this connection can be particularly significant for urban and immigrant youth. Consider for a moment the following quote from a student interviewed by Gaudelli.
Revision of Drymophloeus (Areceacea: Arecoideae)

A revision of the genus Drymophloeus (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Ptychospermatinae) recognizes seven species, distributed from the Maluku Islands of Indonesia to Western Samoa. The history of the genus is reviewed. A key, species descriptions, a complete list of synonymy, a list of specimens examined, illustrations and distribution maps are provided. A phylogenetic hypothesis is provided, as well as a discussion of biogeography. The new combination Drymophloeus hentyi is made to accommodate a species formerly included in the genus Ptychosperma.
Migrant voices addressing social work: listening to Italian women in Germany

The research presented here aimed to give voice to Italian women who emigrated to Germany in the 1960s by giving an authentic account of their experiences and their coping abilities through participatory research approaches and the analysis of in-depth biographic interviews conducted 2012/2013 in the South of Germany. This type of interviewing itself often enabled the women, for the first time to reflect on their migration story, on their attachment to ‘Italy’, on their relationship with the host country, its language and culture. They usually realised late in life that an originally provisional project had become permanent. Their thinking in ‘habitual patterns’ is not to be taken as a sign of failed integration but reveals a differentiated strategy of managing the ‘in-between situation’. The higher quality of services in the host country is invariably a key factor in the decision to stay. The results indicate the benefits of recognising individual strengths in personal modes of adapting to multiple and often conflicting demands in the negotiation of multi-layered value structures. Differentiated listening skills to such voices and sensitive support strategies have far-reaching implications for both research and intervention methods in social work, and not just with migrants.
Molecular themes in DNA replication

Chapter 1. Introduction: conserved steps in eukaryotic DNA replication: Template Origins Origin recognition Pre-initiation Initiation Elongation Termination Chromatid cohesion and segregation. Chapter 2. AAA and ATPases in loading replication factors: ORC and loading of Cdc6 Cdc6 and loading of MCMs RFC and loading of PCNA. Chapter 3. Ring structures and six fold symmetry in replication: Helicases: MCMs WRN, BLM etc Clamps: PCNA Rad9-Rad1-Hus1. Chapter 4: Polymerization mechanisms: Thermodynamics of polymerization Structural insights into polymerization mechanisms fidelity: Replicative polymerase error rates Enhancing polymerase fidelity by protein interactions. Chapter 5. Molecular hand-off mechanisms in replication: Priming polymerization Polymerase switches Okazaki fragment processing: differential affinities for PCNA Methylation and chromatin modification via molecular hand-off mediated through PCNA? RPA in replication/repair. Chapter 6. Co-ordination of nucleases and helicases: Nucleases in replication: conservation of roles and mechanisms Fen1 and Dna2 at Okazaki fragments Stalled forks, helicases and nucleases - BLM, WRN, Exo1 and others. Chapter 7. The switch from replication to repair (and back): Monitoring DNA integrity Stalled replication forks and replisome stability: impact of lesion type Choosing the right polymerase through PCNA modification Polymerase switching over lesions Restarting stalled forks after repair. Chapter 8: Telomeres and the end replication problem: Structure and stability of telomeres Telomerase: structural and drug inhibition studies ALT pathways of telomere maintenance Telomere length and telomere-specific sister chromatid exchange in replicative senescence. Keeping replicated chromatids together until mitosis: Topoisomerases and separating chromatids SMC proteins, claspins and cohesions Attaching chromatids to the mitotic spindle - the role of ORC. Chapter 10. Chromatin modification during replication: Chromatin context and replication patterns Silenced loci and dormant origins DNA methylation during replication Histone modifications (methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination - CAF1, SIRT1, SNF2/HDACs etc) Nucleosome positioning in relation to origins. Chapter 11. Mittochondrial DNA replication: Template: copy number, structure and origin DNA pol gamma - mode of action Accessory factors Regulation - autonomous or integrated with cell cycle? Co-ordination with damage sensing and repair. Chapter 12. Archaeal paradigms and parallels for eukaryotic DNA replication: Overview: comparison between archaeal and eukaryotic replication proteins and processes Insights into priming from the structure of the primase core Archaeal MCMs as a model for eukaryotic MCMs Structure of the archaeal preRC and stabilization by GINS Protein interactions with PCNA. Chapter 13. Drug targets in DNA replication: Nuclear replication: ORC, MCMs and GINS - markers or targets? Geminin PCNA (p21) and Ciz Polymerases Telomerase Mitochondrial replication targets Malaria and potential novel drug targets.
Voxelizing Light-Field Recordings

Light ﬁelds are an emerging image-based technique that support free viewpoint navigation of recorded scenes as demanded in several recent applications (e.g., Virtual Reality). Pure image-based representations, however quickly become inefﬁcient, as a large number of images are required to be captured, stored, and processed. Geometric scene representations require less storage and are more efﬁcient to render. Geometry reconstruction, however, is unreliable and might fail for complex scene parts. Furthermore, view-dependent effects that are preserved with light ﬁelds are lost in pure geometry-based techniques. Therefore, we propose a hybrid representation and rendering scheme for recorded dense light ﬁelds: we extract isotropic scene regions and represent them by voxels, while the remaining areas are represented as sparse light ﬁeld. In comparison to dense light ﬁelds, storage demands are reduced while visual quality is sustained.
The effects of vegetable oil contamination on mussels

In this study the effects of the vegetable oils rapeseed, linseed, olive and sunflower oil on mussel performance were investigated. In view of the scarse knowledge of the effects of vegetable oil spills on marine life, unlike petroleum spills which have been extensively studied, this investigation was directed towards an evaluation of the impact of vegetable oil contamination in the marine environment using Mytilus edulis as a bioindicator organism. The growth of mussels, their tolerance to changing salinities and temperatures, their behaviour and vegetable oil metabolism were studied. Fatty acid composition of mussels. microalgae and vegetable oils was also determined. All the vegetable oils studied had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Mytilus edulis, the growth rate of mussels after four weeks of exposure to the oils being 5 times lower than the growth rates of the control mussels. Growth rates were assessed by a photographic method which proved to be practical and provided sufficient precision in detect small increases in growth. Vegetable oils caused mortalities and they changed the fatty acid composition of mussels. Other biological responses of mussels are also affected by sunflower oil exposure: gaping time, tolerance to low salinities and foot extension activity, of which the latter may be of ecological significance. An uptake and accumulation of fatty acids in mussels marked the presence of vegetable oils, however, fatty acid metabolism was only detected after the oils had been removed. The results of this study indicate that contrary to what is believed, vegetable oils should not be overlooked under the argument of their edibility and biodegradability but instead should be included in oil spill contingency planning because they can cause mortality and disrupt the growth of wild and cultured mussels.
Developmental and Environmental Sources of Variation on Annual Growth Increments of Ascophyllum nodosum (Phaeophyceae)

Annual growth segments of Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) Le Jolis (Fucales, Fucaceae) are denoted by air bladders that form each spring. By examining annual growth segments, it may be possible to infer information about the physical conditions during the growth period; however, it is uncertain whether the annual segments will expand in size after the initial growth. We examined A. nodosum segments from three populations in Nova Scotia, and statistically evaluated whether the annual growth (length, mass, and maximum diameter) of segments was independent of the age of the frond, whether the segments increased in size after the initial growth, and whether the segment lengths were correlated with mean water temperatures and mean air temperatures when the segments were formed. We found that the growth in length of A. nodosum is dependent on the age of the frond, but frond age explained less than 12 % of the overall variation in length. However, the mass and maximum diameter of segments were independent of the age of the frond. Differences occurred between the lengths of segments formed in different years, but there was no significant correlation with regional mean water or air temperatures. This study indicates that the length of A. nodosum segments may be an indicator of the annual physical characteristics of a site, but future studies are needed to identify which factors have the strongest influence on growth patterns.
Boards’ Response to Shareholders’ Dissatisfaction: The Case of Shareholders’ Say on Pay in the UK

Abstract In 2002, the UK adopted a regulation allowing shareholders to cast non-binding (advisory) votes on their firm's Directors' Remuneration Report during annual general meetings (the ‘Say-on-Pay’ rule). This study evaluates a decade of this regulation and examines how it affected the behavior of shareholders and boards in a sample of Financial Times Stock Exchange 350 firms during the period 2002–2012. I find evidence that shareholder dissatisfaction increases with excess Chief Executive Officer (CEO) compensation. This relationship does not exist for the expected level of compensation, suggesting that shareholders take a sophisticated approach when casting their vote. Boards do not appear to respond to shareholder dissatisfaction systematically; however, they do respond selectively by reducing the excessiveness of CEO compensation when performance is poor. Boards also seem to respond swiftly to shareholder dissatisfaction. There is evidence that the probability of CEO turnover increases with shareholder dissatisfaction. Overall, the evidence suggests that ‘Say-on-Pay’ regulation addressed regulatory concerns about transparency, accountability, and performance linkage.
Effects of Processing on Dietary Fibre in Vegetables

Several beneficial effects have been connected with dietary fibre. Insoluble fibre has a good faecal bulking capacity, whereas soluble and viscous dietary fibre has been shown to have beneficial effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Fruit and vegetables provide about one third of the dietary fibre intake in Northern Europe and more than half in Mediterranean countries. These food items are also the most important source of soluble dietary fibre. Most vegetables are, however, processed in one way or another, in industry or in the home, before consumption. Processing may affect the physicochemical properties of dietary fibre, which in turn may lead to changes in the physiological effects. The present work was performed to study how physicochemical properties of nutritional significance, such as content and solubility of dietary fibre as well as molecular weight distribution and the viscosity of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP) in vegetables (green beans, Brussels sprouts, green peas and carrots) may be affected by processing. In addition, the physicochemical properties of WSP at their actual site of action in the gastrointestinal tract were evaluated in rats. The effects of processing on dietary fibre in vegetables were shown to be very complex. Considerable differences were found in raw material, both between vegetables, and also between different cultivars of the same vegetable. Moreover, post-harvest changes during storage were found to influence the properties of dietary fibre. Heat processing of vegetables generally degraded the dietary fibre polysaccharides. The degradation was dependent on the severity of the heat treatment. Boiling of carrots and severe microwave treatment of green beans reduced the content of total dietary fibre. In some cases there was also a changed distribution between soluble and insoluble dietary fibre. Following heat processing there was a shift towards lower molecular weight of the WSP in all vegetables. This degradation was strongly dependent on the severity of the heat treatment, with more extensive degradation resulting from more intense heat treatment. In accordance with the molecular weight measurements the viscosity of the WSP decreased following more intense heat treatment. Furthermore, the WSP isolated from carrots and green beans exhibited a higher viscosity than those from Brussels sprouts and green peas. Freezing and souring of carrots had only minor influence on the molecular weight distribution and viscosity of the isolated WSP. The WSP in green beans were degraded during passage through the gastrointestinal tract in rats. The differences in molecular weight seen between blanched and microwaved green beans had been lost after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of antibiotic-treated rats. The in vivo fermentability of the bean fibre in rats, as well as the bulking capacity, was not affected by mild or by severe microwave treatment of the beans. (Less)
The Evolution Of Sociality: Peracarid Crustaceans As Model Organisms

Epibiotic crustacean may act as an external indicator for the feeding history of the host. This chapter analyzes stable isotope ratios, especially carbon isotope ratio (d 13 C), of tissues of loggerhead turtles and caprellids (Amphipoda: Caprellidea) collected from the carapace of turtles in pelagic areas and at a nesting beach. There was no significant difference of d 13 C in tissues of turtles sampled in pelagic areas and the nesting beach. These values d 13 C of turtle tissues fell within the range of values of the pelagic food-web components in the western North Pacific. The values of d 13 C of caprellids obtained from turtles at the nesting beach were significantly higher than values found in caprellids sampled from the pelagic area. This indicates that the host turtles spend long enough in the nesting beach area for caprellids to incorporate components of the coastal food-web into their tissues. Keywords:carbon isotope ratio; Epibiotic caprellids; feeding history; loggerhead turtles; nesting beach; stable isotope
Functional genomics and signalling in invasive growth of Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a unicellular organism which has been shown to undergo invasive filamentous growth under nitrogen deprived conditions. Through the completion of a genome-wide screen of S. pombe deletion mutants this invasive growth form has been separated into three stages: adhesion, invasion, filament formation. The filament formation of each deletion strain was analysed resulting in the classification of mutants into four morphologically aberrant groups: (Ia) strains that were unable to form filamentous protrusions, (Ib) strains that had thickened rope structures of their filamentous protrusions, (IIa) strains that had elongated cells in their filaments and (IIb) strains that had erratic structure of cells in their filaments. The screen also identified strains that exhibited altered levels of invasion efficiency. These were classified as hypo-invasive, poorly-invasive or hyper-invasive. Class Ia strains were selected for further analysis as they represent the tertiary stage of invasion, filament formation. To attempt to identify the signalling pathways involved in this stage, potential signalling compounds were added to growth media and any alteration in phenotypes were noted. cAMP, iron and calcineurin were all analysed for their roles in the tertiary stage of invasion. The non-invasive and poorly-invasive strains were also tested with these signalling compounds to attempt to elucidate their role in the secondary stage of invasive growth. Finally the role of spindle pole bodies (SPB) was analysed during filament formation. The SPB duplicates in late G1/S phase and in single cells the new SPB migrates to either cell end (new or old) in an un-biased pattern. Using GFP tagged SPB markers, the segregation pattern in filaments was analysed followed by creation of deletion mutant/SPB-GFP-tagged hybrids to attempt to elucidate the control of SPB segregation in filaments.
Urban sprawl in Spain: differences among cities and causes

ABSTRACT Urban sprawl has a major impact on the environment, public health and the socio-economic evolution of cities. The causes are numerous, being mainly related to the generalized use of the automobile in modern cities. Urban sprawl has been especially relevant in US cities since the 1950s, rapidly spreading to other cities in the rest of the world. This paper studies the case of Spain using recent data. Spanish cities have grown rapidly over the 90s and 2000s. The country has completed the process of urbanization and has suffered the effects of a major real estate bubble. In this context, we are interested in measuring and explaining where and why urban sprawl has appeared in Spanish cities. Digital mapping carried out around the year 2000 providing full coverage of Spain is used to calculate an Urban Sprawl Index. It is applied to all urban areas and municipalities throughout the country, providing an objective, comparable measurement of sprawl and identifying which areas are most affected by this phenomenon. A second stage of analysis is conducted in an attempt to explain the causes of the differences in sprawl among Spanish cities with a regression model based on the literature. We have found that the cases most affected by sprawl are the latest urban developments on the Mediterranean coast as well as certain areas in the vicinity of large cities: the mountains to the north of Madrid and the coastline near Barcelona and Valencia. In some cases, urban sprawl is starting to become a problem for the environment and urban sustainability, with important consequences for the future evolution of the affected cities.
Upslope Range Shifts of Andean Dung Beetles in Response to Deforestation: Compounding and Confounding Effects of Microclimatic Change

Warmer, and sometimes drier, conditions associated with global climate change are driving many species to shift poleward and/or upslope. I hypothesized that microclimatic changes related to deforestation cause similar shifts for forest species persisting within degraded landscapes. This appears to be the first study to examine this novel hypothesis. I examined elevational distributions of dung beetle communities along parallel intact and disturbed elevational gradients from 290 to 3450 m asl in the Andes of southeastern Peru. Deforested sites were consistently warmer and drier than forested sites. To maintain the same ambient temperature as in forest, species in a deforested landscape would need to shift on average 489±59 m upslope. Dung beetle species showed a mean upslope range shift of 132±64 m (maximum=743 m) in the deforested landscape. Eight species occurred farther upslope in the degraded landscape, while none shifted downslope. In addition to upper range limit expansions, six species shifting upslope also showed range contractions or population declines at their lower range boundary. High elevation and disturbance‐tolerant species did not show range shifts. These findings suggest that land‐use change may both confound and compound the influence of global climate change on biodiversity. Synergies between habitat degradation and climate change could more than double previous range shift projections for this century, leading to unexpectedly rapid changes in biodiversity, especially for sensitive organisms such as tropical insects. On the other hand, range shifts caused by habitat degradation may be mistakenly attributed to global climate change.
Volition and reasons for accepting temporary employment: Associations with attitudes, well-being, and behavioural intentions

The aim of this study was (1) to investigate volition and reasons for accepting temporary employment in relation to various outcomes (job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment, life satisfaction, and turnover intention), and (2) to test whether volition and reasons for accepting temporary employment may assist in explaining differences between temporary and permanent workers. Volition reflects the workers' preference for temporary jobs. Reasons for accepting temporary employment relate to free choice, forced choice, and instrumental choice with the view of gaining permanent employment or improving skills. Analyses were based on a sample of 623 Belgian workers from various organizations. The most striking findings were that volition and free choice reasons did not consistently associate with favourable outcomes, and that the relationship between forced choice and instrumental reasons related to skill improvement and outcomes was nonsignificant. By way of contrast, stepping stone reasons were related to job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Also, we established that volition and reasons for accepting temporary employment may have little potential to improve predictions on differences between temporary and permanent workers.
Biology and breeding of food legumes.

1. History, Origin and Evolution 2. Biology and Floral Morphology 3. Domestication 4. Breeding for Improvement of Cool Season Food Legumes 5. Breeding for Improvement of Warm-season Food Legumes 6. Distant Hybridization and Alien Gene Introgression 7. Polyploidy 8. Cytology and Molecular Cytogenetics 9. Molecular Cytogenetics in Physical Mapping of Alien Introgressions 10. In vitro techniques 11. Microsporogenesis and Haploidy Breeding 12. Genetic Transformation 13. Male Sterility and Hybrid Production Technology 14. Mutagenesis 15. Breeding for Biotic Stresses 16. Breeding for Abiotic Stresses 17. Legume Improvement in the Acidic and less Fertile Soils 18. Genomic Approaches for Management of Abiotic Stresses 19. Molecular Breeding and Marker-assisted Selection 20. Underutilized Food Legumes 21. Legumes as a Model Plant Family 22. Plant Genetic Resources and Conservation of Biodiversity 23. Seed Dormancy and Viability 24. Post Harvest Technology 25. Value Addition and Trade.