Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances on melamine determination by micellar liquid chromatography: A review

ABSTRACT Melamine is a toxic triazine which has been recently proven as a threat to human health. It can be ingested by several methods, being the most important the unethical adulteration of protein-rich foodstuff for economic reasons. This review presents several analytical methods, taken from the literature studies, devoted to the determination of melamine in milk, dietetic supplements, drinking and wastewater, swine kidney, plasma, and urine, using micellar liquid chromatography (MLC). We consider that the control of these samples is crucial to prevent and manage melamine intoxication. This technique has been demonstrated as an excellent tool to determine organic compounds in these matrices. We detail the optimization strategy and the obtained results in the different steps of method development, such as sample pretreatment, chromatographic separation, and validation process. The similarities and differences of the procedures have been described and discussed, as well as their advantages. The main ones were the possibility of direct injection and the efficient chromatographic elution, in spite of the complexity of the samples. Besides, it was found that the MLC procedures were fast, easy-to-handle, inexpensive, eco-friendly, safe, and useful for routine analysis. Therefore, they represent an excellent alternative to reliably evaluate the melamine concentration in that kind of samples. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Diversity of Biodeteriorative Bacterial and Fungal Consortia in Winter and Summer on Historical Sandstone of the Northern Pergola, Museum of King John III’s Palace at Wilanow, Poland

The aim of the presented investigation was to describe seasonal changes of microbial community composition in situ in different biocenoses on historical sandstone of the Northern Pergola in the Museum of King John III’s Palace at Wilanow (Poland). The microbial biodiversity was analyzed by the application of Illumina-based next-generation sequencing methods. The metabarcoding analysis allowed for detecting lichenized fungi taxa with the clear domination of two genera: Lecania and Rhinocladiella. It was also observed that, during winter, the richness of fungal communities increased in the biocenoses dominated by lichens and mosses. The metabarcoding analysis showed 34 bacterial genera, with a clear domination of Sphingomonas spp. across almost all biocenoses. Acidophilic bacteria from Acidobacteriaceae and Acetobacteraceae families were also identified, and the results showed that a significant number of bacterial strains isolated during the summer displayed the ability to acidification in contrast to strains isolated in winter, when a large number of isolates displayed alkalizing activity. Other bacteria capable of nitrogen fixation and hydrocarbon utilization (including aromatic hydrocarbons) as well as halophilic microorganisms were also found. The diversity of organisms in the biofilm ensures its stability throughout the year despite the differences recorded between winter and summer.
The Effect of Corporate Communication and Service Quality on Customer Loyalty and Satisfaction in Sharia Banking

This study aims to analyze the effect of corporate communication and service quality on loyalty mediating satisfaction. The population of this study is 384 Islamic bank customers in North Sumatra. This research is quantitative research using the survey method. The number of research samples was 384 customers. Characteristics of this research sample were (1) Savings customers who actively carried out transactions in Islamic banks (2) Savings customers who had used bank services for at least 1 year (3) Savings customers who used services directly and individually. The data analysis technique used in this study was the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Model (SEM-PLS) analysis technique, using Warp-PLS 3.0 software. This study investigates the largest Islamic banks in North Sumatra, namely Bank Syariah Mandiri, Bank BNI Syariah, and Bank BRI Syariah. The results show that company communication has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, service quality has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, company communication has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, service quality has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on loyalty. There is also a significant effect of satisfaction on the relationship between company communication and loyalty, and the relationship between service quality and loyalty. This study contributes to Islamic banking to increase customer loyalty.
Language Model Using Differentiable Neural Computer Based on Forget Gate-Based Memory Deallocation

: A differentiable neural computer (DNC) is analogous to the Von Neumann machine with a neural network controller that interacts with an external memory through an attention mechanism. Such DNC’s offer a gener-alized method for task-specific deep learning models and have demonstrated reliability with reasoning problems. In this study, we apply a DNC to a language model (LM) task. The LM task is one of the reasoning problems, because it can predict the next word using the previous word sequence. However, memory deallocation is a problem in DNCs as some information unrelated to the input sequence is not allocated and remains in the external memory, which degrades performance. Therefore, we propose a forget gate-based memory deallocation (FMD) method, which searches for the minimum value of elements in a forget gate-based retention vector. The forget gate-based retention vector indicates the retention degree of information stored in each external memory address. In experiments, we applied our proposed NTM architecture to LM tasks as a task-specific example and to rescoring for speech recognition as a general-purpose example. For LM tasks, we evaluated DNC using the Penn Treebank and enwik8 LM tasks. Although it does not yield SOTA results in LM tasks, the FMD method exhibits relatively improved performance compared with DNC in terms of bits-per-character. For the speech recognition rescoring tasks, FMD again showed a relativeimprovement using the LibriSpeech data in terms of word error rate.
An Evolutionary Game-Based Secure Clustering Protocol With Fuzzy Trust Evaluation and Outlier Detection for Wireless Sensor Networks

Trustworthy and reliable data delivery is a challenging task in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to unique characteristics and constraints. To acquire secured data delivery and address the conflict between security and energy, in this paper we present an evolutionary game based secure clustering protocol with fuzzy trust evaluation and outlier detection for WSNs. Firstly, a fuzzy trust evaluation method is presented to transform the transmission evidences into trust values while effectively alleviating the trust uncertainty. And then, a K-Means based outlier detection scheme is proposed to further analyze plenty of trust values obtained via fuzzy trust evaluation or trust recommendation. It can discover the commonalities and differences among sensor nodes while improving the accuracy of outlier detection. Finally, we present an evolutionary game based secure clustering protocol to achieve a trade-off between security assurance and energy saving for sensor nodes when electing for the cluster heads. A sensor node which failed to be the cluster head can securely choose its own head by isolating the suspicious nodes. Simulation results verify that our secure clustering protocol can effectively defend the network against the attacks from internal selfish or compromised nodes. Correspondingly, the timely data transfer rate can be improved significantly.
IoT Based Energy-Efficient Data Aggregation Wireless Sensor Network in Agriculture: A Review

Sensor nodes generate Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), these networks have considerable application in the areas of habitat safety, disaster management, surveillance in defense, security & many more areas. WSNs are compact in size, with short battery power & additionally their processing capabilities are low. This restriction of battery power makes them vulnerably faulty. In order to save this limited power, redundant data must be stored inside the sensor node during aggregation which will result in a reduction power dissipation associated with the sending of unnecessary data. By aggregating data, we can control energy consumption by reducing redundancy. Data aggregation is a really effective technique for WSN. In this paper we discuss the aggregation of data and their complex energy-efficient approach used for data aggregation in WSN. This paper highlights the latest innovations in WSNs vital for the research in agricultural domain, further we present their classification & did a comparative analysis of the discussed protocols, the nomenclature of energy saving & harvesting strategies used in agricultural monitoring. Further it discuss the difficulties and drawbacks of WSNs in context of agriculture, The presented comparative study will helpful in increasing number of data processing opportunities available through the Internet of Things (IoT).
Preliminary results on comparative study of three methods for nanocarbon films deposition : thermionic vacuum arc, magnetron sputtering and cathodic arc

The aim of this paper is to make a comparative analysis of the properties of the nanostructred carbon thin films deposited by three PVD type methods: an original one: Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA), Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc (FCVA) and Magnetron Sputtering (MS). In the TVA method, the deposition takes part in the vapors of the anode materials, the deposited film containing only the ions of this material and therefore the energy of ions could achieve values up to 500 V. The structures of the films have been characterized by X-ray Photoelectrons Spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy AES, Raman spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
A sulfur–eugenol allyl ether copolymer: a material synthesized via inverse vulcanization from renewable resources and its application in Li–S batteries

The demand for eco-friendly and renewable resources has dramatically increased in scientific and technological areas including energy storage systems and production of new functional materials. Sulfur copolymers with high sulfur contents of up to 90 wt% were prepared via inverse vulcanization from environment-friendly, sustainable raw materials: cost-effective waste-product elemental sulfur and eugenol allyl ether (EAE), which is obtained from clove oil. The thermal properties and electrochemical activities of the resulting poly(S-co-EAE) materials can be tuned by controlling the EAE : S feed ratio. Employed as a cathode material in Li–S batteries, the copolymer with 90 wt% sulfur content provides good cycling stability at a capacity of ∼650 mA h g−1 and high Coulombic efficiencies (>99%) over 100 cycles.
A Simulation Study on the Reentrant Waves in the Pacing Ventricular Tissues

The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between the reentrant waves and I K1, and probe the effect of I K1 on the reentrant waves. Firstly, based on the TNNP06 model, the single pacing cell is derived by depressing I K1. And then, a 400 cells ×400 cells 2D tissue is developed by coupling the pacing cells together. Thirdly, the S1-S2 protocol is applied to inspire the reentrant waves. Next, the processes of the reentrant waves in the tissue corresponding to different I K1 are analysed. In addition, the action potentials of the cells in special locations are recorded and discussed. With the decrease of the I K1, the reentrant waves spin slowly and the period of reentrant waves increases. Meanwhile, the range of the action potential of the cells becomes larger when I K1 becomes smaller. The results suggest that with the decrease of I K1, the reentrant wave is weakened, and the systolic and diastolic functions of the tissue are enhanced at the same time.
In Situ Monitoring of Emulsion Polymerization by Raman Spectroscopy: A Robust and Versatile Chemometric Analysis Method

Emulsion polymerization remains a challenging system for in situ Raman spectroscopic analysis despite extensive research on the necessary instrumentation and chemometric data analysis methods. In this study, we demonstrate a new and facile data analysis method, making in situ Raman spectroscopy a more versatile research tool for monitoring the concentrations of monomers in reactions spanning a wide range of compositions. The method improvement stems from the use of the homopolymer as an internal standard for the corresponding monomer. Classical least-squares or indirect hard modeling is used for the spectral analysis to determine the spectral responses of major monomers and polymers within the system. Once the relative response factor ratios for a number of monomer-homopolymer pairs are determined in the calibration, they can be used to calculate the concentration ratio for such pairs based on reaction spectra. This approach offers two important advantages in determining the conversion of monomer to polym.
Nearby Neighbourhood Influences on Adolescent Offending

This study extends recent research on the spatial dynamics of neighbourhood disadvantage and youth offending. Data include self-reported offences from 794 Dutch adolescents and the socio-economic status in their residential neighbourhood and the surrounding community. The findings reveal that youth engage in the highest levels of offending when they reside in disadvantaged neighbourhoods surrounded by neighbourhoods characterized by relative affluence. This spatial pattern is attributable to greater temptations to offend, reduced parental monitoring, and more frequent involvement in unstructured activities among youths who live in close proximity to neighbourhoods more affluent than their own. This study highlights the importance of criminogenic opportunities and parental monitoring for understanding the spatial dynamics of neighbourhood disadvantage on offending.
Determination of Total and Non-protein Bound Aluminum Species in Urine Employing Ion-exchange Chromatography and Neutron Activation Analysis

A radioanalytical separation employing neutron activation analysis was developed for the speciation of nonprotein Al metabolites in human urine. The developed procedure also permitted the estimation of the amount of protein-bound Al. Four, consecutive twenty four hour urine specimens were collected and analyzed separately. An aluminum-containing antacid was ingested in three equal doses during the third collection period. Proteins were removed from the matrix by precipitation. The Al ions were then selectively separated by cation exchange chromatography and assayed by neutron activation analysis. Recoveries were determined for the entire procedure and found to be 92±4%. The majority of Al in urine was found to be protein bound (>88%) with minor fractions bound to low molecular weight ligands such as citrate.
Time‐lapse mapping of crop and tillage interactions with soil water using electromagnetic induction

Assessing spatiotemporal variations in soil water is critical to many decisions in precision agriculture. In dryland crop production regions with marginal precipitation, growers use crop rotations and surface preparation practices to build soil water natural capital over preceding seasons for cash crop production. However, significant gaps exist in quantifying linkages between topography, soil properties, and site‐specific agronomic practices to crop water use, and to predict temporal changes in soil water storage. In this study, we used time‐lapse electromagnetic induction to measure apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) to infer spatiotemporal variability of soil water while comparing crop (winter wheat [Triticum aestivum L.], spring peas [Pisum sativum L.], and spring barley [Hordeum vulgare L.]) as well as tillage (no till and chisel plow) on a split‐plot design in the Palouse region of northern Idaho. Weekly measurements of ECa were converted to soil water content using multiple linear regression with the help of principal component analysis. Separating factors of temporal stability and variability allowed us to derive crop‐specific calibrated relationships between soil water content and the additional variables growing degree days, elevation, clay content, and silt content. Results suggest that spring peas retained the highest water content, followed by spring barley and winter wheat. Resultant maps show highly structured and consistent patterns in ECa being driven primarily by crop type that are apparent even in uncalibrated imagery. Although soil ECa tended to be greater in no‐tillage compared with chisel plow treatments, we found no significant differences in soil water content between the two. This may be partially due to the limited number of years of no‐till practice at this site.
Optimised Levenshtein centroid cross-layer defence for multi-hop cognitive radio networks

Cognitive radio networks (CRN) make use of dynamic spectrum access to communicate opportunistically. Unlicensed users severely affect the spectrum sensing outcomes in CRN. Primary user emulation attack (PUEA) and spectrum sensing data falsiﬁcation (SSDF) have become a paramount concern in CRNs. It is especially challenging when both masquerading (in the physical layer) and falsiﬁcation (in the data link layer) occur by providing false spectrum reports. Existing methods to detect such attacks cannot be utilised in scenarios with multi-hop CRN. In this study, to mitigate attack against PUEA and SSDF, a method called optimised sensing and Levenshtein nearest centroid classiﬁ-cation (OS-LNCC) for multi-hop CRN is presented. First, a network model for multi-hop CRN is designed. Next, a probable density optimal logical sensing model is designed to alleviate the problems related to falsiﬁcation of spectrum reports. Here, the falsiﬁcation of spectrum reports is overcome by exploiting dual factors, that is, probability for false alarm and probability for detection according to the departure rate of primary user (PU). With these dual factors, optimal logical sensing is made, therefore improving the throughput with minimum delay. Finally, each cognitive radio (CR) user evaluates its current sensing information to existing sensing classes through the Levenshtein distance function. Based on quantitative variables, the prediction function of each sensing class is measured using nearest centroid (NC) classiﬁer and the sensing report is classiﬁed into either presence or absence of PU. These predictive classes are then integrated at the fusion centre so that robust mitigation against PUEA and SSDF is made. Computer simulation outputs show that OS-LNCC method performs better than the conventional methods using metrics such as sensing delay by 47%, percentage of error in prediction by 46% and throughput by 45%.
Laser Ablation of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in the Neck for Oral Carcinoma-Technique and Viability of the Procedure

Background: Presence of macro and microdisease in the neck in cases of Oral carcinoma is a major barrier in full recovery of the patient. Conventionally the problem has been handled by Neck dissection popularly referred to as Radical Neck dissection and its many variants like Modified neck dissection and supraomohyoid dissection. The surgery assumes that removal of the fat containing lymph nodes is effective in spread of the disease. The major stumbling block is presence of extra nodal spread in enlarged lymph nodes. Percutaneous lymph node laser ablation (PLALN) is becoming more popular in many centers for necrosing the lymph nodes effectively without the neck dissection. There are obvious advantages and disadvantages to this procedure. This study was aimed at verifying the effectiveness of the procedure and aimed to understand the reason for success and failure if any. Attempt has also been made to understand the Anatomy of Neck Lymphatic system and understand the cellular structure of lymph nodes which would make the procedure effective. Patients and Methods: 46 patients were of oral carcinoma were included in this observational study. These patients were having Metastatic lymph nodes on Ultrasonography and MRI scans prior to the procedure. The primary tumours were handled by Laser ablation and PLALN was carried out as a part of the procedure. Results: The procedure was safe and effective in 100 % of cases in necrosing the lymph nodes less than 2.0 cms in longest diameter. It was 70% effective in handling lymph nodes more than 2.0 cms in diameter. It was less than 20% effective in handling lymph nodes more than 3.5 cms in diameter. There was no major side effect of the procedure in any patient. Conclusion: PLALN is an effective procedure for handling of Metastatic lymph nodes in early stages.
BIORHYTHMOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF WORKERS OF THE DRILLING CREW IN EXTREME NORTHERN LATITUDES

Each organism at an individual level builds its system of temporary relationships with the different amplitude of oscillations - an individual biorhythmological portrait. Using Holter monitoring in the AnnaFlash2000 software in the ISCIM6 statistical processing, the ultradian rhythms of the driller crew in extreme northern latitudes studied. It revealed that the individual rhythmic processes of acrophase and cardiac rhythm bathyphase, which testify to the leading role of hypoxia, hypercapnia in adaptive mechanisms, influence the joint professional activity of small labour groups. It established that working in different biological rhythms, the driller’s team has a low degree of compatibility. The synchronization of biological rhythms in the team is achieving by the general properties of temperament as phlegmatic. More successful in adaptation - phlegmatic sanguine.
Perception Analysis About Public Street Lighting In The Kota Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur Province Indonesia

One of the cities in Indonesia that still performs the city arrangement is Kota Kupang in Nusa Tenggara Timur province. Several of criminal incidents and other crime allegedly occurred in areas that were still dark and there were no public street lighting. Therefore, a study has been carried out on the benefits of public street lighting in supporting population activities in Kota Kupang for six months, starting from January to June 2018. Determination sampling of respondents using purposive sampling technique. Based on this technique, then respondents in this study were 51 respondents scattered in each village at least 1 person. The data used in the research are primary and secondary data. The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively. The results of the research indicate that the implementation of public street lighting programs until 2017 has not given the Kota Kupang Government partisanship to the needs of population regarding public street lighting for daily activities.