Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Social Network Analysis for Online Knowledge Exchange Social Network Analysis for Online Knowledge Exchange Platform: Evidence from Zhihu Platform: Evidence from Zhihu

: The knowledge exchange platform is an innovative way that empowers online learning for the Internet users to utilize their spare time slots for knowledge sharing and seeking. Many researchers have conducted research on the user interaction and content of the knowledge payment platform. This paper analyzes the user interaction and user comments by analyzing the data of Zhihu live, a major online knowledge exchange platform in China. We employ social network analysis and deep learning method to explore the users’ interaction structure in Zhihu live platform and their emotional tendency for knowledge exchange. Particularly, we use social network analysis theory supplemented by social analysis tools Gephi and neural network algorithm, LSTM to achieve our goals. We propose a set of hypotheses from the perspective of a small world phenomenon and users’ social engagement in the platform. Our results show that there is a small world phenomenon on core topics and the more frequent users interaction is, the more positive the users’ comments are. Theoretically, this study explores the users’ knowledge seeking and sharing behavior from the perspective of user interaction and user emotion. Also, our research offers implications to practice that enhancing sociality can be an effective strategy to motivate the desirable users’ paid knowledge sharing behaviors in the platform.
Time-frequency domain causality of prime building cost and macroeconomic indicators in Ghana: implications for project selection

Abstract According to the Ghana Statistical Service, construction activity generated US$3.8 billion in 2014, representing about 12.7% of nominal GDP. A key factor that most investors in the construction sector consider in project selection is cost which has escalated over the years. Therefore, we examine the co-movements and causality in the time and frequency domains between the prime building cost index (PBCI) and its disaggregates on one hand and inflation and exchange rate on the other hand in Ghana. The findings revealed that the degree of co-movement between PBCI and inflation was significant at the 5% level and occurred over the long-run, indicating that construction cost drives inflation. The degree of co-movement between the prime build cost index and exchange rate occurred within the short term. These co-movements have policy implications for substituting inflation and exchange rates in project costing by investors in Ghana. The co-movement between the PBCI and inflation in the medium to higher frequencies suggests that inflation risk-averse investors should consider short-term projects. Again, the short to medium frequency co-movements between the PBCI and exchange rate indicates that investors should consider exchange rate risk in long-term projects.
Running head: Time pressure impact on consumer decision-making Title: Under Pressure: An Integrative Perspective of Time Pressure Impact on Consumer Decision-Making

Time pressure (TP) constrains consumers’ decisions: stores have fixed opening hours, promotions have deadlines, and a house to rent may not be available tomorrow. Evidence about the impact of TP on decision-making suggests that when facing complex decisions consumers: do not process all the information, ground decisions upon a restricted set of attributes, defer choice less, but still accomplish utility choices. However, these effects of TP have been typically observed in experimental paradigms that manipulate specific deadlines for task completion. In two experiments involving consumer goods and service choices we have introduced two additional TP manipulations (time limited price-discount and stock-out threat), building an integrative approach where information processing strategies, choice deferral and final choice utility were measured. Our results emphasize the differences between TP manipulations. When applied to real buying contexts, price-discounts may not be so effective anymore, whereas stock-out threats have
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Encephalitogenic T Cells and Treat 89 Peptide That Detect and Inhibit Rat - 69 Stable Complexes with Myelin Basic Protein Two-Domain MHC Class II Molecules Form

We designed and expressed in bacteria a single-chain two-domain MHC class II molecule capable of binding and forming stable complexes with antigenic peptide. The prototype “ b 1 a 1 ” molecule included the b 1 domain of the rat RT1.B class II molecule covalently linked to the amino terminus of the a 1 domain. In association with the encephalitogenic myelin basic protein (MBP) 69–89 peptide recognized by Lewis rat T cells, the b 1 a 1 /MBP-69–89 complex speciﬁcally labeled and inhibited activation of MBP-69–89 reactive T cells in an IL-2-reversible manner. Moreover, this complex both suppressed and treated clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and inhibited delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and lymphocyte proliferation in an Ag-speciﬁc manner. These data indicate that the b 1 a 1 /MBP-69–89 complex functions as a simpliﬁed natural TCR ligand with potent inhibitory activity that does not require additional signaling from the b 2 and a 2 domains. This new class of small soluble polypeptide may provide a template for designing human homologues useful in detecting and regulating potentially autopathogenic T cells. The Journal of Immunology, 1998, 161: 5987–5996. The primers used to generate a 1 were 5 9 -CG GCGGCTTGGAGGTCAAGACGACATTGAGG-3 9 (5 9 ligation oligo); 5 9 -GCCTCGGTACCTTAGTTGACAGCTTGGGTTGAATTTG-3 9 ( Kpn I 3 9 oligo). Additional oligos used as primers were 5 9 -CAGGGACCAT GGGCAGAGACTCCCCA-3 9 ( Nco I 5 9 oligo); and 5 9 -GCCTCCTC GAGTTAGTTGACAGCTTGGGTT-3 9 ( Xho I 3 9 oligo). Step one involved production of cDNAs encoding the b 1 and a 1 domains. PCR was conducted with Taq polymerase (Promega, Madison, WI) through 28 cycles of denaturation at 94.5°C for 20 s, annealing at 55°C for 1.5 min and extension at 72°C for 1.5 min, using b 118 as template and the Xho I 5 9 oligo and 3 9 ligation oligo as primers; and a 6 cDNA as template and the 5 9 ligation oligo and Kpn I 3 9 oligo. PCR products were isolated by agarose gel elec- trophoresis and puriﬁed using Gene-Clean (Bio 101, La Jolla, CA). In step two, these products were mixed together without additional primers and heat denatured at 94.5°C for 5 min followed by two cycles of denaturation at 94.5°C for 1 min, annealing at 60°C for 2 min and extension at 72°C for 5 min. In step three, the annealed, extended product was heat denatured at 94.5°C for 5 min and subjected to 26 cycles of denaturation at 94.5°C for 20 s, annealing at 60°C for 1 min, and extension at 72°C for 1 min, in the presence of the Xho I 5 9 oligo and Kpn I 3 9 oligo. The ﬁnal PCR product was isolated by agarose gel electrophoresis and Gene-Cleaned. a cDNA the
CMAR_A_240268 3419..3431

Qiong Wang Zeng Wang Guilan Hou Ping Huang 1Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People’s Republic of China; 3The Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310022, People’s Republic of China Background: Glioma is one the most common and aggressive primary tumors of adult central nervous system worldwide, which tends to develop dysplasia and metastasis. Recently, toosendanin (TSN) has shown pharmacological effects in several cancers. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism of the effect of TSN on glioma and its relationship between miRNA in glioma. Methods: Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis and cell migrationwere analyzed by CCK-8 cell viability, flow cytometry, wound scratch healing, transwell and Western blotting assays, respectively, in vitro. The regulation relationships between TSN and miR-608 or between miR608 and Notch1 (Notch2) were examined using qRT-PCR, dual-luciferase and Western blotting assays. The functional effects of TSN through regulating miR-608 and Notch1 (Notch2) were further examined using a xenograft tumor mouse model in vivo. Results: After TSN concentration was increased from 50 nM, 100 nM to 150 nM, cell proliferation and cell cycle were gradually reduced, and the cell apoptosis rate was increased in U-138MG or U-251MG cells. Wound-healing and transwell assays results showed that cell migration was significantly inhibited in TSN treatment cells (TSN treatment, 50 nM) compared to control cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that TSN up-regulated the expression of microRNA-608 (miR-608), while down-regulated the expression of miR-608’s target, Notch1 and Notch2. Over-expression of Notch1 and Notch2 partly attenuated TSN-induced tumor suppressive function. Moreover, in vivo experiments revealed that TSN treatment led to a significant inhibition of tumor growth, suggesting that it might be a promising drug for the treatment of glioma. Conclusion: In the present study, a novel established functional manner of TSN/miR-608/ Notch1 (Notch2) axis was systematically indicated, which might provide prospective intervention ways for glioma therapy.
(2015) Instructional leadership in centralised systems: evidence from Greek high-performing secondary schools. School Leadership 35 (3).

This paper examines the enactment of instructional leadership in high-performing secondary schools (HPSS), and the relationship between leadership and learning in raising student outcomes and encouraging teachers’ professional learning in the highly centralised context of Greece. It reports part of a comparative research study focused on whether, and to what extent, instructional leadership has been embraced by Greek school leaders. The study is exploratory, using a qualitative multiple case design to examine two HPSS in Athens. The research design involved a qualitative approach using several different methods, including semi-structured interviews with school principals, deputy heads, subject teachers and subject advisers, plus observation of leadership practice and meetings and scrutiny of relevant policy documents. The findings show that instructional leadership is conceptualised as an informal collaborative leadership practice, interwoven with the official multi-dimension role of Greek principals and their ‘semi-instructional leadership’ role. In the absence of official instructional leadership ‘actors’, teachers’ leadership has been expanding.
The Association of the Arabidopsis Actin-Related Protein (ARP) 2/3 Complex with Cell Membranes is Linked to its Assembly Status, but not its Activation

In growing plant cells the combined activities of the cytoskeleton, endomembrane, and cell wall biosynthetic systems organize the cytoplasm and define the architecture and growth properties of the cell. These biosynthetic machineries efficiently synthesize, deliver, and recycle the raw materials that support cell expansion. The precise roles of the actin cytoskeleton in these processes are unclear. Certainly bundles of actin filaments position organelles and are a substrate for long distance intracellular transport, but the functional linkages between dynamic actin filament arrays and the cell growth machinery are poorly understood. The Arabidopsis “distorted group” mutants have defined protein complexes that appear to generate and convert small GTPase signals into an actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3-dependent actin filament nucleation response. However, direct biochemical knowledge about Arabidopsis ARP2/3 and its cellular distribution is lacking. In this paper we provide biochemical evidence for a plant ARP2/3. The plant complex utilizes a conserved assembly mechanism. ARPC4 is the most critical core subunit that controls the assembly and steady state levels of the complex. ARP2/3 in other systems is believed to be mostly a soluble complex that is locally recruited and activated. Unexpectedly, we find that Arabidopsis ARP2/3 interacts strongly with cell membranes. Membrane-binding is linked to complex assembly status and not to the extent to which it is activated. Mutant analyses implicate ARP2 as an important subunit for membrane association. body and vertebrate G-actin were run via SDS-PAGE along with plant protein extract, blotted with α -ARP3 and α -ACTIN antibody respectively and quantified by densitometry using IMAGEQUANT 5.2. The purified vertebrate actin standard was quantified by UV absorbance. The ARP3 inclusion body standard was quantified by densitometry readings of coomassie-brilliant blue stained SDS-PAGE gels containing ARP3 inclusion body bands compared to dilutions of known amounts of vertebrate actin and BSA standards run on the same gel. Nearly identical results for ARP3 inclusion body concentration were obtained in both cases. The linear regression
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 1)

Documentation of the toxicity of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (from here onwards referred to as EGEE) began in 1983 (documentation “2-Ethoxyethanol” 1983; only available in German) one supplement on the toxicokinetics and reproductive toxicity of EGEE and EGEE acetate was adopted in 1994 (documentation “2-Ethoxyethanol, 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate” 1998, a translation of the 1994 German); a grouped documentation on limitation of exposure peaks was evaluated in a supplement in 2001 (documentation “Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether” 2001, to be published simultaneously with this document). This supplement presents the studies with EGEE and EGEE acetate that pertain to the relevant end points and have been published since that time. The data must be evaluated together since EGEE acetate rapidly hydrolyzes to EGEE, which forms the critical metabolite ethoxyacetic acid. The MAK value also applies to the sum of the concentrations of the two substances in the air. A BUA report (BUA 1995), IUCLID data sets (ECB 2000 a, b), a review of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (Johnson 2002), an ECETOC report (ECETOC 2005) and other reviews are available on EGEE and EGEE acetate.
Nonthermal Atmospheric Plasmas Sustained Without Dielectric Barrier in the Kilohertz Range

— We report observation of nonthermal atmospheric discharges produced between two bare metallic electrodes over a wide frequency range from 20 to 260 kHz, in which generation of stable atmospheric glow discharges has so far necessitated dielectric barrier to be added to at least one electrode. Measured current and voltage characteristics suggest a distinctively different plasma-sustaining mechanism from that of atmospheric dielectric-barrier discharges. This is conﬁrmed by hydrodynamic simulation.
Systematic analysis of bacterial effector-postsynaptic density 95/discs large/zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) interactions demonstrates Shigella OspE promotes PKC activation via PDLIM proteins*

Background: PDZ domains provide specificity in protein-protein interactions in eukaryotic systems. Results: Shigella OspE, which is delivered into human cells during infection, binds PDLIM7 via a PDZ interaction and contributes to activation of PKC. Conclusion: During infection, OspE contributes to activation of PKC through PDZ-mediated binding to PDLIM7. Significance: PDZ interactions likely contribute to pathogenesis of several bacterial pathogens. ABSTRACT Disease caused by many gram-negative bacterial pathogens depends on the activities of bacterial effector proteins that are delivered into eukaryotic
Correlation of awareness of the disease with glycaemic control and diabetic complications among patients attending a tertiary care hospital

Introduction. The awareness level among diabetic patients varies across patient population based on many factors such as differences in the literacy of the study population, socioeconomic status, availability of diabetes education. Hence, it is important to study the same in our set-up to plan appropriate preventive strategies. The present research work attempted to assess the awareness level about diabetes and its complications among diabetic patients attending a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and methods. This is a hospital based, crosssectional study, done in diabetic patients attending a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. The awareness level of the patient was assessed using a pretested questionnaire. The questionnaire had 25 questions (knowledge — 18, attitude — 4 and practice — 3) and each correct answer was given a score of ‘one’ and each wrong answer was given a score of ‘zero’. Patients were assessed clinically for the presence of micro and macrovascular complications and basic investigations were carried out. Metabolic control is assessed by HbA1c level. Results. A total of 150 patients were included in the study. Approx. 52.6% of patients scored between 14 and 18 (sufficient awareness), 6.6% of patients had satisfactory awareness (KAP score 19–20) and 4% of patients had highly satisfactory awareness (KAP score > 20). Only eight patients had a score less than 10 (highly insufficient awareness) and 31.3% had insufficient awareness (KAP score 10–13). A positive correlation between educational qualification and awareness level was observed (r = 0.495, p < 0.001). Mean awareness score of patients who received diabetes education from physician and dietitian was significantly high when compared to other sources of patient education. Mean awareness scores were lower for those with various diabetic complications. There is a statistically significant negative correlation observed between awareness and HbA1c values (r = 0.527, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Majority of the patients had sufficient awareness about the disease and about one-third of the patients had insufficient awareness about diabetes. The awareness level of the patients about the disease had a strong influence on the metabolic control, diabetic complications and also correlated with their educational status. (Clin Diabetol 2019; 8, 3: 143–153)
TIIE USE OF A NEURAL NETWORK TO DISTINGUISH NORTII AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN SALMON USING

Electrophoretic separation of protein polymorphisms and discriminant analysis of scale chafacters are both rotitiriely tised to diseriminate the,continent oforigin of Atlaritic salmon caught at West Greenlarid. However. the use . ofelectrophoretic separation to discriminate fish in the commercial caiches is precluded by the düficuIty of collecting sufficient sampies. Sampling far the diseriminant analysis issimpler. although this methOd provides only . ab<? ut'an 80% correct classification for both North American and European fish. Tins paper presents an alternative method for :inaIysing tlte seale data. based on the use of a neural network. Tbe same data SetS were used 10 develop and test a diseriminant function and a neural network. and the results were compared. Tbe network was set up with the four input variables (river age. fork lengtlt and two sciue circuli counts) gfouped into diserete classes in order to provide 33 input neurons; the 2 output neurons corres~ndCd to 'North Amerlcan' and 'European'; and the network was given 17 hidden layer n~ns. The neufai network analysis gave more accurate separation (85.~% correct) of atl sainples into North Americ.m
A CASE SERIES TO INVESTIGATE FOOD-RELATED FEAR LEARNING AND 2 EXTINCTION USING IN-VIVO FOOD EXPOSURE IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA: A 3 CLINICAL APPLICATION OF THE INHIBITORY LEARNING FRAMEWORK. 4 FOOD EXPOSURE IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA

22 Objective: Anorexia nervosa is characterized by severe malnutrition. This study tested the 23 hypothesis that fear of food is a learned behavior and evaluated the feasibility and 24 effectiveness of gradual exposure to food to improve eating behavior in people with anorexia 25 nervosa. Methods: Eighteen women were recruited and completed baseline self-reports. They 26 were interviewed regarding early experiences of eating and the development of food-related 27 anxiety. Participants received eight sessions of in vivo food exposure. Results: Findings 28 indicated that fear of food is a learned behavior, associated with catastrophic thoughts around 29 the consequences of eating and safety behaviors. Patients consumed at least half of the food 30 item selected in all, but one session. Body mass index increased and food restriction, eating 31 concern, eating disorder-related preoccupations and overall anxiety reduced (medium/large 32 ES). Conclusion: Findings corroborate an anxiety-based model of anorexia nervosa and 33 support the relevance of targeting food-related fears using exposure-based protocols. 34
Package ‘sleev’

May 25, 2022 Type Package Title Semiparametric Likelihood Estimation with Errors in Variables Version 1.0. 2 Description Efficient regression analysis under general two-phase sampling, where Phase I includes errorprone data and Phase II contains validated data on a subset. License GPL (>= 2) Encoding UTF-8 RoxygenNote 7.2. 0 Depends Rcpp (>= 1.0.7), R (>= 3.5.0) LinkingTo Rcpp, RcppArmadillo, RcppEigen Suggests knitr, lme4, MASS, rmarkdown, splines, testthat, R.rsp VignetteBuilder R.rsp LazyData true NeedsCompilation yes Author Sarah Lotspeich [aut], Ran Tao [aut, cre], Joey Sherrill [prg] Maintainer Ran Tao <r.tao@vanderbilt.edu> Repository CRAN Date/Publication 2022-05-24 23:40:06 UTC
T RAINABLE L EARNING R ATE

Selecting an appropriate learning rate for efficiently training deep neural networks is a difficult process that can be affected by numerous parameters, such as the dataset, the model architecture or even the batch size. In this work, we propose an algorithm for automatically adjusting the learning rate during gradient descent. The rationale behind our approach is to train the learning rate along with the model weights, akin to line-search. Learning rate is optimized via a simple extra gradient descent step, justified by an analysis that exploits the structure of neural networks. We formulate first and second-order gradients with respect to learning rate as functions of consecutive weight gradients, leading to a cost-effective implementation. We also show that the scheme can be extended to accommodate for different learning rates per layer. Extensive experimental evaluation is conducted, validating the effectiveness of the proposed method for a plethora of different settings. The proposed method has proven to be robust to both the initial learning rate and the batch size, making it ideal for an off-the-shelf optimizing scheme.
Di ﬀ erential Geometry of Music Perception

Prevalent neuroscientiﬁc theories are combined with acoustic observations from various studies to create a consistent di ﬀ erential-geometric model for music perception in order to rationalize, explain and predict psycho-acoustic phenomena. The space of all chords is shown to be a stratifold, whose Riemannian metric naturally yields a geodesic distance function compatible with voice-leading satisfying the triangle inequality even between chords with a di ﬀ erent number of chord tones. The stratifold model allows for rigorous studies of psychoacoustic quantities like roughness and harmonicity as height functions. Lastly, concepts for the perception of chord resolutions are introduced and analyzed based on the di ﬀ erential-geometric framework. This research shows how to use the di ﬀ erential-geometric framework in psychoacoustic studies.