Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction with Contrast Transfer Function Correction from Energy-Filtered Cryoelectron Micrographs : Procedure and Application to the 70 S Escherichia coli Ribosome

Cryoelectron microscopy provides the means of studyingmacromolecules in their native state. However, the contrast transfer function (CTF)makes the images and the three-dimensional (3D) maps derived from them difficult to interpret. We developed methods to determine the CTF from experimental data and to obtain a CTF-corrected 3D reconstruction. The CTF correction and 3D reconstruction accomplished in one step make it easy to combine different defocus data sets and decrease the error accumulation in the computation. These methods were applied to energy-filtered images of the 70S Escherichia coli ribosome, resulting in a distortionfree 3D map of the ribosome at 1/24.5 Å21 resolution, as determined by the differential phase residual resolution criterion. r 1997 Academic Press
The high-field polar RX J1007.5–2017

We report optical and X-ray observations of the high-field polar RX J1007.5–2017 performed between 1990 and 2012. It has an orbital period of 208.60 min determined from the ellipsoidal modulation of the secondary star in an extended low state. The spectral flux of the dM3 – secondary star yields a distance of 790 ± 105 pc. At low accretion levels, RX J1007.5–2017 exhibits pronounced cyclotron emission lines. The second and third harmonic fall in the optical regime and yield a field strength in the accretion spot of 94 MG. The source is highly variable on a year-to-year basis and was encountered at visual magnitudes between V ∼ 20 and V ∼ 16. In the intermediate state of 1992 and 2000, the soft X-ray luminosity exceeds the sum of the luminosities of the cyclotron source, the hard X-ray source, and the accretion stream by an order of magnitude. An X-ray high state, corresponding to the brightest optical level, has apparently not been observed so far.
THE COMPLEXITY OF THE DECISION PROBLEM FOR THE FIRST ORDER THEORY OF ALGEBRAICALLY CLOSED FIELDS

An algorithm is described that constructs, from every formula of the first order theory of algebraically closed fields, an equivalent quantifier-free formula in time which is polynomial in , where is the size of the formula, is the number of variables, and is the number of changes of quantifiers. Bibliography: 15 titles.
COMPARE MICROSCOPY STAINING AND POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR DIAGNOSIS OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION AMONG FRISIAN CALVES IN MINUFIYA GOVERNORATE

Cryptosporidiosis infection could be considered as a causative agent of diarrhea in 60.69 of pre-weaned calves. Diarrhea in beef cattle has an important impact in economic productivity. Infectious diarrhea is mainly caused by four agents: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (ETEC), Rotavirus, Corona virus and Cryptosporidium parvum. The aim of the study was to compare microscopy staining method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as methods for diagnosis of Cryptosporidium species. Fecal samples were collected from three hundred and seventy one naturally infected Friesian calves. and modified trichrome blue. The obtained result showed incidences of cryptosporidium in naturally infected Friesian calves, 117 (31.67%), 127 (34.33%) and 116 (31.33%) out of 371 by Modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique, Safranin-methylene blue and modified trichrome stains respectively. Safraninh-methylene blue staining is better technique if compared with Modified Ziel-Neelsen technique and modified trichrome technique from 47 postive calves. Safranin-methylene blue staining, Cryptosporidium spp.was found in 20 fecal samples from 47 Friesian calves aged (1-3 months ). By using PCR, cryptosporidium specific bands were found in 22out of 47 calves of these cases. It can be concluded that microscopic staining method, which can be used as a diagnostic method has some limitations, while, PCR is more sensitive and specific, which allows the identification of
Service Solution Planning Considering Priori Knowledge and Fast Retrieval

Service composition is widely used to build complex value-added composite services to meet various coarse-grained requirements of customers. Discovering relevant services as the constituents of composite services is a crucial task, which needs to be frequently performed during the composition process. Due to the fact that the amount of services available on the Internet is increasing drastically, the efficiency of both service discovery and composition becomes a big challenge. To solve this challenge, we propose a Priori Knowledge Based Service Composition (PKBSC) approach to reduce the searching space of relevant service discovery so as to improve the efficiency of service composition. PKBSC utilizes an interoperable approach, including an ontology construction and merging method, to solve the problem of the cross-domain and heterogeneous services from different repositories. In addition, service pattern is adopted to describe priori knowledge from massive historical solutions, which is a recurrent valuable fragment composed of services frequently invoked together in service solutions. PKBSC also adopts the Formal Concept Analysis to extract the implicit relationship between service requests and service patterns. Compared with the approach of composing multiple services from scratch, PKBSC exhibits better performance since the search space is greatly reduced by the adoption of service patterns. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly improves the efficiency of service composition by 22.44%.
The use of intrinsic markers to study bird migration

Bird ringing is a vital tool for elucidating patterns of bird migration. Nevertheless, only a small proportion of ringed birds are ever recovered and, in recent years, new techniques such as intrinsic markers have afforded new insights into the ecology and evolution of migration. Stable isotope ratios (SIRs) in particular have shown enormous potential as a tool for studying bird migration, but their interpretation can be complicated by geographical, temporal and seasonal climatic variation, as well as anthropogenic factors. Combining different types of intrinsic markers, such as SIRs and genetic markers, may be a more powerful approach than using a single technique in isolation. Intrinsic marker techniques increase the value of conventional ringing, but new studies, particularly in remote areas and in combination with techniques for tracking individuals remotely, are necessary for realising the power of this approach.
Modelling Low Animal-Vehicle Collision Counts across Large Networks

Animal-vehicle collisions (AVCs) are common around the world and result in considerable loss of animal and human life, as well as significant property damage and regular insurance claims. For this reason, understanding their occurrence in relation to various contributing factors and being able to identify locations of high risk are valuable to AVC prevention and economic, social and environmental cost savings. However, many challenges exist in the study of AVC datasets. These include seasonality of animal activity, very low counts across many sections of extensive roadway networks, and computational burdens that come with discrete response analysis across large data sets. In recognizing these challenges, a modelling framework is proposed in this study both to infer the impact of segment specific contributing factors and to identify high-risk locations. The utility of the model is demonstrated by using the AVC dataset collected in the state-controlled roadway network system of Texas, U.S. (with more than 100,000 segments). It is demonstrated that the proposed model can not only deal with the stated challenges reasonably well, but also allow high-risk location identification to be done in relation to various impacting factors. In this way, useful information on the efficacy of various measures can be obtained for future preventative purposes.
Organ Culture Model of Liver for the Study of Cancer Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The liver, the largest organ of the human body, is a multifunctional organ with various metabolic activities that plays a fundamental role in maintaining the body and in sustaining life. Although the liver has great regenerative capacity and recovery, the damage caused by chronic diseases such as cancer or viral infections can lead to permanent loss of liver function. Studies on the mechanism of liver disease, have focused on the selection of cell and tissue culture techniques, including strategies based on in vitro models. The organ culture is a promising tool for the study of liver diseases, because it can mimic the complex of the microenvironment in vivo using a three-dimensional model of human liver tissue. These models allow a better study of the specific functions of the liver. In this context, we have analyzed the development of a hepatocarcinoma, obtained by inoculating a murine hepatocarcinoma cell line, Hepa 1/A1s, in the liver of 10 mice of the strain C57BL / 6. After 20 days from the inoculation, the portion of liver invaded by the tumor was removed from the animals and cultured. A group of 5 liver explants were used as a control and other 5 explants were cultured for 4 weeks in a complete medium containing 10% Citozym , a food supplement with reported antioxidant properties. The cancer-invaded hepatic lobes, treated with Citozym , showed a clear reduction of the weight and the volume of the hepatic tumors, when compared with the control explants.
Calcium intake and bone mineral variables among adolescent schoolgirls in rural and urban areas of Sri Lanka.

Adolescence is a critical period for bone health because the accumulation of bone mass peaks during the teenage years. Failure to attain optimal peak bone mass can increase an individual's risk of osteoporosis and fractures. The aims of the present study were to determine calcium intake of adolescence girls in rural and urban areas and to determine the relationship between dietary intakes of calcium and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) / Bone Mineral Content (BMC). A sample of 652 school girls aged 11 - 16 years residing in Colombo Municipal Council and 529 school girls from Pannala Education Division were selected. Three-day diet diaries were used to measure the dietary energy, calcium intake and skeletomuscular nutrienst. Three-day physical activity records were used to determine physical activity level. BMD and BMC were determined using Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometer scanning the middle finger of the hand. Mean calcium intake of urban and rural adolescents were 488.4 (SD 180.3) mg/day and 364.9 (SD 160.8) mg/day, respectively. The calcium intake of adolescents was significantly lower (P<0.05) than the Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA) (1000 mg). Ninety eight percent of adolescents girls aged 11-16 years did not achieve the RDA for calcium. High calcium intake group had significantly higher BMD and BMC (P<0.0001). The calcium intake showed a significant positive correlation with BMD (r = 0.14, P = <0.01) and BMC (r = 0.17, P = <0.01). The proportion of adolescent girls not achieving the RDA for iron, zinc, magnesium, vitamin A and vitamin C were 89.6, 93.9, 93.9, 96.2 and 54.8% respectively. In conclusion, low calcium intake together with other nutritional inadequacies affects BMD and BMC in adolescence.
Interlanguage-based Error Analysis in Higher Vocational and Technological College EFL Education in China

The previous traditional second language (L2) acquisition research was lacking of systematic theoretical guidance as regards error analysis and research. Interlanguage firstly provides a reliable theoretical basis, which refers to the entirety of L2 output as a reference context to analyze language learners’ errors, significantly reducing the blindness of research practice in error analysis. Error analysis of learners’ L2 output contributes to accurately identifying what learners have understood, what they have not yet, what they have misunderstood, what they have mastered, or what they have not yet and so on. This would be of greatly theoretical and practical value to the actual situation of English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching for the steady enhancement of EFL instructional reform in higher vocational and technological colleges. Implications are seemingly highlighted respecting interlanguge-based error analysis in higher vocational and technological EFL instruction.
2 Graph Representation of Type Information in JavaScript

JavaScript is one of the most wide-spread programming languages: it drives the web applications in browsers, it runs on server side, and it gets to the embedded world as well. Because of its prevalence, ensuring the correctness of its execution engines is highly important. One of the hardest parts to test in an execution environment is the API exposed by the engine. Thus, we focus on fuzz testing of JavaScript engine APIs in this paper. We formally define a graph representation that is suited to describe type information in an engine, explain how to build such graphs, and describe how to use them for API fuzz testing. Our experimental evaluation of the techniques on a real-life in-use JavaScript engine shows that the introduced approach gives better coverage than available existing fuzzing techniques and could also find valid issues in the tested system.
Efecto de la importación de reinas en la diversidad genética de poblaciones de abejas insulares de la Macaronesia ( Apis mellifera Linneaus 1758 )

Effects of queen importation on the genetic diversity of Macaronesian island honey bee populations (Apis mellifera Linneaus 1758) Irene Muñoz, Maria Alice Pinto and Pilar De la Rúa Área de Biología Animal, Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain. Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Sta. Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
Review of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor Technology: Effect of Different Parameters and Developments for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor has been recognized as an important wastewater treatment technology among anaerobic treatment methods. The objective of this study was to perform literature review on the treatment of domestic sewage using the UASB reactor as the core component and identifying future areas of research. The merits of anaerobic and aerobic bioreactors are highlighted and other sewage treatment technologies are compared with UASB on the basis of performance, resource recovery potential, and cost. The comparison supports UASB as a suitable option on the basis of performance, green energy generation, minimal space requirement, and low capital, operation, and maintenance costs. The main process parameters such as temperature, hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (OLR), pH, granulation, and mixing and their effects on the performance of UASB reactor and hydrogen production are presented for achieving optimal results. Feasible posttreatment steps are also identified for effective discharge and/or reuse of treated water.
Improving Conceptual Model Development: Avoiding Underperformance Due to Project Uncertainties

Abstract : Uncertainty in a project's outcome can result from gaps in data, insufficient knowledge about an ecosystem, or simple natural variability. Characterizing the effects of these uncertainties is a necessary step in effective conceptual model development. A clear procedure for integrating and visualizing this information can allow the Project Development Team (PDT) to efficiently compare and prioritize alternative formulations, thus improving probability of project success.
DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES RELATIONAL INCENTIVE CONTRACTS

This chapter reviews the literature on the theory of relational incentive contracts. It motivates the discussion by the classic applications of relational contracts to the GM—Fisher Body relationship and the relationships between Japanese automobile manufacturers and their subcontractors. It presents basic models with symmetric information to illustrate the fundamental issues and then goes on to consider specific investments, the role of legally enforceable contracts alongside relational contracts, private information, multiple suppliers, and issues of organization design.
Early intervention in elderly clients' health problems identified by home helps

A BSTRACT Objective: Design: Setting: Subjects: Intervention: Main outcome measures: Results: Conclusions: Key words: Home help; elderly; case-finding; general loss of function; long-term care; randomized controlled trial Home helps can detect and communicate to a doctor functional decline and clinical manifestations of disease among their elderly clients. The study indicated, but provided no definite evidence, that direct referral from home helps to a hospital-based general practitioner can keep elderly people at home longer. 51 (45.1%) of the intervention subjects were referred once or more often, 110 referrals in all. General loss of function was the most frequent cause, and in all but six referrals specific diagnoses were made. Home helps' referrals of patients with infection and stroke corresponded with the final diagnoses. After the first year of the study, the percentage of clients continuing to live at home was higher in the intervention group (P = 0.05 after adjustment for baseline differences in age and gender), mortality was similar, and use of hospital beds higher in the intervention group. Causes of referral, ICD-9 diagnostic categories, time under surveillance before long-term care or death, use of community services and hospital beds. Home helps were trained to recognize signs of functional and mental impairment and asked to call the study doctor when new medical or functional problems were identified. The intervention lasted for two years with an additional year for observation. Home help clients, 75 years or older, 113 in the intervention group and 161 in the comparison group. Community health services and a hospital-based general practice. Open study with quasi-experimental design. Randomization took place at the level of the organizational units of home helps. To study the effect of early intervention in health problems identified by home helps.
Special Section on Medical Imaging Ensemble Learning Based Segmentation of Metastatic Liver Tumours in Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography

This paper presents an ensemble learning algorithm for liver tumour segmentation from a CT volume in the form of U-Boost and extends the loss functions to improve performance. Five segmentation algorithms trained by the ensemble learning algorithm with different loss functions are compared in terms of error rate and Jaccard Index between the extracted regions and true ones. key words: CT image, liver tumour, segmentation, ensemble learning, U-boost
Production , Purification and Characterization of of β-galactosidase Synthesized by Bacillus safensis ( JUCHE 1 )

In present investigation production, purification and characterization of β-galactosidase synthesized by Bacillus safensis (JUCHE 1) has been considered as a great challenge. Optimum concentration of lactose, nitrogen sources, namely tryptone in modified de-Mann Rogosa Sharpe (MMRS) medium were found 20 g.L and 10 g.L respectively. Optimum temperature, pH and stirrer speed for microbial growth were found 37C, 7.0 and 150 r.p.m. respectively. To isolate intracellular β-galactosidase sonication was adopted and optimum sonication time was found 300 seconds with inter stage cooling for 10 seconds after an operating time of 30 seconds. 28 hours harvested broth was centrifuged and cell pellet was used to isolation of intracellular β-galactosidase. Intracellular fluid was subjected into the dead end membrane module fitted with 0.2*10m microfiltration (MF) membrane and 300 kDa Polyether sulphone (PES) made ultrafiltration (UF) membrane in a series way. Optimum Stirrer speed, trans membrane pressure (TMP), volume concentration factor (VCF) and membrane rotation were found 150 r.p.m. , 294.2 kPa, 3 and 80 r.p.m. respectively. Finally, 45% (w/v) addition of ammonium sulphate β-galactosidase was purified. βgalactosidase was characterized considering ortho-Nitrophenyl-βgalactoside (ONPG) and lactose as a substrate.
Motion control of a hydraulic Stewart platform with computed force feedback

Abstract On a Stewart platform with six hydraulic links, we mount three gyroscopes to measure the angular motion rates of its upper platform. Using these rate signals and the link lengths measured by LVDTs, we compute the orientation and position of the upper platform, as well as the static force acting on each link. These forces are put into a dynamic model of the hydraulic links based on which we determine the feedback gains for controlling the link lengths. Experiments on the platform with an unbalanced payload show that utilizing gains determined this way generates better results than utilizing a constant gain for all links.
Design in European Studies : Establishing Causality in Europeanization

Introduction In various aspects health care constitutes a less likely or critical case of both European integration and Europeanization (Eckstein 1975). i As set out explicitly in the Treaty, the organisation of health care is the responsibility of the Member States (art. 168 (7) of the Lisbon Treaty, previously art. 152 (5)). As other social policy areas, national governments have indeed opposed to delegate too much competence to the European Community when it comes to the core of the welfare state. Healthcare continues to be a policy area of high political salience and legacy, and with a large set of national veto-points opposing supranational intervention. Furthermore, it is a policy area of considerable economic attention and fragility, where the need of cost control hampers the introduction of new cross border supplies. Nevertheless, both integration and Europeanization have taken place with considerable speed and substance. When a policy area may be classified as a less likely or critical case of Europeanization, this brings specific challenges to the research design, but may also bring out crucial theoretical and empirical insights regarding which causal factors that mediate or limit processes of Europeanization and its outcome. The second section will look further into case selection and how the classification of a case is an important first step, when drawing one’s research design for the study of Europeanization.
Space Radiation Superconducting Shields

The interest on shields to protect astronauts I long term missions against GCR has recently grown and several projects have been funded. Due to their large mass, passive shields for large volume habitable modules are no longer an option and the attention is focused on the more complex, technologically challenging active systems. Among the possible solutions, the most promising is based on huge superconducting coils having a bending power sufficient to deflect out of the habitat charged particles with kinetic energy in the order of 1 GeV. Toroidal magnet systems based wound with Ti clad MgB2 conductor is proposed and described.