Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sustainability and Just Transitions in Bangladesh have undergone the selection and double blind peer-review process under the responsibility and guidance of the Guest Editors: Prof. Joyashree

This study has given efforts to detect socio-economic-demographic characteristics to provide the utilization of soft energy and estimates truncated mean willingness-to-pay (WTP) for the economic valuation of soft energy. A contingent valuation survey was carried out according to the NOAA guidelines to fulfill the research objectives. The survey involved 307 villagers from twenty villages of Pabna district. The zero-inflated ordered logistic model was employed to detect the significant determinants of WTP for soft energy utilization. The model results showed that age, family composition, years of schooling, monthly income, social mobilization, and payment are the important contributors in determining WTP for the utilization of soft energy. The lower value of the truncated mean of monthly WTP (Tk. 2177.60 or US$: 25.69) compared to general mean WTP does not necessarily imply low demand for soft energy, as the findings from E(WTP) illustrate potential demand for soft energy in rural Bangladesh.
Burden of Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder in an Emergency Department—A Single-Center Experience

Objectives Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are recurrent or chronic gastrointestinal signs and symptoms in the absence of anatomical or biochemical alterations. They are commonly treated in outpatient setting but often present to emergency departments. We aimed to estimate the burden of pediatric FGID on a busy accident and emergency (A&E) department. Methods Electronic patient records were used to retrospectively analyze the A&E attendances of 3866 patients presenting with either constipation or abdominal pain. Those found not to have a surgical/organic cause were assessed in terms of various parameters, that is, arrival times, wait times, and investigations performed. Results A total of 91.31% of the attendances relating to constipation or nonsurgical, nonorganic causes of abdominal pain were self-referred with only 3.64% arriving via ambulance, an average wait time ranging between 138 and 156 minutes, and a total of 1008 investigations carried out on patients presenting with these symptoms. A total of 63.65% of the patients were discharged without follow-up. Conclusions Functional gastrointestinal disorders place considerable burden on the A&E, in terms of resource usage, time of clinicians, and financial strain. More education should be provided to families of those experiencing FGID in an outpatient setting to minimize A&E resource utilization. More research is needed to ascertain the true burden of FGIDs, both financially and in terms of time and resource.
Is There Still A Size Premium?

It should be no surprise that small capitalization stocks should under-perform large capitalization stocks for a given time period because of the serial correlation that has been observed in the size premium historically. While the under-performance of small capitalization stocks over the more recent time periods might make for interesting conversation, it does not mean that there has been a fundamental shift in the markets that would eliminate the size premium.
Effect of Solar Cell Temperature on The Performance of Compound Parabolic Solar PV Concentrator

In this paper, a concentrating photovoltaic system (CPV) by using a compound parabolic concentrator and a monocrystalline solar module has been designed and studied theoretically under a concentration ratio of 3.16x. The performance the system is studied over the course of the day from 8:00 AM to 16:00 PM for 12 months under Iraq-Baghdad conditions. Current in a short circuit (Isc), voltage in an open circuit (Voc) as well as maximum power (Pm) are calculated with and without a concentrator under constant solar module temperature (25°C). The results indicated that the optimum value of output power can be obtained on June 21, which is about 246.9W for CPV. In the second part, the effect of solar cell temperature within a range of 25 °C−115 °C on its performance has been studied for the optimum day of the year, June 21st. The output power of the device may be viewed in CPV is 246.9 W in comparison to the flat PV module, which gives 83.44W under solar cell temperature of 25°C and decreases to 125.3W and 40W under cell temperature of 115°C for the CPV and flat module, respectively.
NiAl-Cl LDH in-situ grown on graphene oxide by a one-step hydrothermal method towards high performance cathode of supercapacitor

To meet the demands of modern vehicles and electronic devices, an increasing number of new materials for the cathode of high-performance supercapacitors have been studied in depth. Here, GO/NA-Cl composites were successfully fabricated by in-situ grow NiAl layered double hydroxide (NiAl LDH) nanosheets on graphene oxide (GO) flakes through one-step hydrothermal procedure for the cathode of supercapacitor. The image of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited that the NiAl-Cl LDH nanosheets were evenly and vertically arranged on the GO flakes and interlaced to form a network structure, presenting a considerable surface area, which afford abundant active sites in contact with the electrolyte and alleviate the expansion of GO/NA-Cl during the process of electrochemical reaction to improve its stability. The results of electrochemical test show that the GO/NA-Cl is a typical pseudocapacitive material, which provides a prominent specific capacity of 1573 F/g at 1 A/g, and superior rate property (the rate of capacity retention is 62% even at 20 A/g). Furthermore, the GO/NA-Cl electrode shows a superior cycling life after 1000 cycles at 1 A/g with about 80% capacitance retention.
Traffic Management in Ad-Hoc Network by Selection of Suitable Routing Protocol

The need for traffic management has risen at the same pace as the number of cars has changed dramatically. Even though VANET and MANET have seen tremendous growth, traffic management is still essential. There is a demand for effective traffic management among the vehicles, which necessitates their communication ability. Routing protocols facilitate the transmission of data between vehicles. There are several routing protocols in a MANET, and choosing the optimal one is challenging. The IEEE802.11p standard is used for data transfer via routing protocols in the current operational environment. C-V2X is a developing technology superior to IEEE802.11p in terms of efficiency. Qualcomm is the creator of C-V2X. AODV, AMODV, and MDART are some appropriate routing protocols for evaluation. The Average End-to-End Delay, Average Throughput, and Packet Delivery Ratio of each protocol are analyzed. The Network Simulator 2.35 (NS2) simulates these routing protocols. This article concludes that the performance of C-V2X using AOMDV protocols is superior to that of IEEE802.11p. This research claims that AOMDV’s architecture might be improved to provide more accurate figures for the average end-to-end latency.
Space-Time Petrov-Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method for Solving Linear Convection-Diffusion Problems

The paper presents the theory of the space-time Petrov-discontinuous Galerkin finite element (PDGFE) method for the discretization of the nonstationary linear convection-diffusion problems. The PDGFE method is modified for the discontinuous Galerkin finite element (DGFE) method in the case of the symmetric interior penalty Galerkin (SIPG) scheme. PDGFE method is applied separately in space using different space gride on different time levels. We prove the properties of the bilinear form aPD, m (u, ν) (V − elliptic and continuity) stability and prove the approximate solution converges with the error of order o (h 2 + τ 3). A numerical experiment is carried out to confirm the theoretical conclusions.
Improving the Efficiency of Hospital Nursing Unit Design: an analytical study

The inpatient nursing unit is one of the most important departments in a hospital building. It is where patient treatment and healing occur. Improving the efficiency of the nursing unit design may improve the length of patient stay, reduce medical errors and increase patient satisfaction, thus improving the performance of the medical services provided in the hospital. This paper addresses the architectural design factors which affect performance in a typical inpatient nursing unit. A two-step approach was used in this paper. First, the factors which influence the nursing unit performance were identified from literature. Then, typical nursing unit floor plan shapes were identified. Four floor plan shapes were selected from these for analysis. Analysis focused on the factors of flexibility of operation, ease of patient monitoring, provision of patient privacy, reduction of nurse travel time, and provision of a supportive healing environment. The racetrack floor plan has shown a higher level of performance in comparison with the other floor plan shapes. It has shown superior qualities in regard to flexibility, patient monitoring, and nurse travel distances. However, for this shape to be successfully used, sound and noise control measures should be adopted to improve performance regarding patient privacy and noise disturbance. The courtyard and radial floor plan shapes provide a medium level of performance. The radial floor plan is superior in regard to patient monitoring capabilities. Although the single corridor plan has shown higher levels of sound privacy and lower levels of noise disturbance, it did not provide good flexibility, patient monitoring, and travel distances.
Land Subsidence Hazard Mapping in relation with Sinkholes in Saptosari District, Gunung Kidul, Indonesia

Saptosari is one of the areas in the karst terrain of Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In this area, sinkholes are very common, especially in weathered and covered by soil overburden. It is known a lot of land subsidence due to sinkholes are found and reported by the local community. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to map the land subsidence hazard zone due to the presence of sinkholes. To achieve this goal, field observations and evaluation of secondary data were carried out to collect slope data, lithology, lineament of geological structures, and the location of sinkholes and subsidence that already existed. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was carried out to determine the weight of the geomorphological parameter, lithological parameter, and the distance to geological structure in order to predict the occurrence of sinkholes. The weighted results of the AHP method are then used to create a land subsidence hazard map by using the GIS-overlay method. The study reveals three subsidence hazard zones in the research area, namely (1) high susceptible area with subsidence probability of 92%, (2) moderate susceptible area with subsidence probability of 4.7%, and (3) low susceptible area zones with 0% of subsidence probability.
A Preliminary Volcanological Study of North Eastern Kaba Volcano, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia

Mount Kaba is one of the active volcanoes located in the eastern part of Bengkulu Province. This research was conducted in Gunung Kaba Complex because the distribution location of the last eruption product is close to some monogenetic volcano and residential area. This is interesting to study considering because can be a potential threat of disaster. The results of this study are expected to support providing an overview of the potential threat of volcanic disasters in the Mount Kaba Complex. The research methods used include geomorphological, stratigraphic, petrographic, and geochemical analyses. The geomorphological unit of Mount Kaba consists of 6 units. The types of volcanic rocks in the research area are dominated by lava and pyroclastic rocks. Based on the petrographic analysis of 10 samples, the names of the rocks in the research area are basalt scoria, basalt, and andesite. Based on the geochemical analysis of 8 samples, it is known that silica content in the rocks ranging from 44.40925 - 63.2993 %. Based on the AFM diagram, all samples are included in the tholeiitic series. Based on the TAS (Total Alkali Silica) diagram, it is known that the igneous rocks of the study area consist of andesite, basalt, tephrite, and trachyandesite.
Photonic crystal analysis for multiplexer and de-multiplexer applications

In our present work, we have made an investigation of several theoretical tools using the finite element method depending on the COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS program, for intuitive insight into the optical properties of the optical crystal. Analysis of the bandgap of a two-dimensional periodic photonic crystal with square lattice, evaluate the photonic band structure by the eigenfrequency of the unit cell of the first Brillouin zone. Moreover, creating defect mode inside the bandgap of photonic crystal, such as a resonant cavity, waveguide defect, narrowband filter, sharp drop filter, channel drop filter, waveguide bends, waveguide splitter promises us to a platform to design devices that includes a certain optical range of wavelengths. The transmission, as a result, the influence of the light localized in the defect area of the periodic structure of the photonic crystal. This study is important for producing photonic integrated circuits based on photonic crystals for future advanced optical communication.
Solving Fredholm Integro-Differential Equation of Fractional Order by Using Sawi Homotopy Perturbation Method

In our article, we develop an efficient compined method consisting of integral transform and Homotopy Perturbation Method for solving Fractional Integro-differential equations of Fredholm type. Sawi transformation formulas of fractional types are derived and used in the proposed method. The Caputo derivative is the fractional derivative type that we used. The results of numerical experiments show the efficiency of our newly developed method. Exact solution and the existing method Homotopy perturbation method is used in the comparison with our new results.
New Healthcare Design Guidelines for the Diagnostic Radiology Department in the Tertiary Healthcare Facilities

The past 10 years have witnessed significant progress in diagnostic imaging through the digital transformation, the evolution of imaging technologies, and future functional requirements. Designers and architects who specialize in healthcare must provide a modern, adaptable built environment that provides the best care for the patient. As a result, the research focused on discussing that problem through three main axes: (the first axis) a presentation of the types of diagnostic radiology methods, (the second axis) studying the relationship between information technology and the programming and planning stage of the diagnostic radiology department, (the third axis) studying the design and technical considerations and their impact on the design of the spaces of the Diagnostic Radiology Department. The results of these axes were applied during the analysis of models for hospitals inside and outside Egypt to derive a general framework to raise the efficiency of hospital design, especially the diagnostic radiology department.
Comprehensive Overview on Millimeter Wave Communications for 5G Networks Concentrating on Propagation Models for Different Urban Environments

The global shortage of bandwidth prompted wireless carriers to move towards millimeter wave frequencies (mm-wave), a frequency spectrum that is underutilized by broadband communications networks. Despite the large number of studies and researches on the issue of millimeter wave propagation in outdoor and indoor environments, specifically environments with high population density, the issue of millimeter wave propagation in those environments remains somewhat ambiguous. For the exact purpose of the design and operation of the fifth-generation networks operating within the millimeter frequency spectrum, it has become necessary to obtain information about the wave propagation within those different environments. This paper presents a description of the wave propagation parameters and channel modeling prepared by several international groups, such as line and non-line of-sight (LOS & NLOS) probabilities and different propagation models to understand the mechanism of wave propagation within the millimeter range (0.5–70 GHz). This paper deals with simulating radio wave propagation in favour of different outdoor scenarios, calculating the path loss in several models and determining which models are most appropriate and best for certain environments.
Evaluation of Open Spaces in Relocated Communities Using Affordance Theory: Al-Asmarat Community as a Case Study

In 2016, the urban development facility (UDF), which was previously named as informal settlement development fund (ISDF), conducted several development projects as part of the goals of Egypt 2030’s vision that supports the sustainable development goals (SDGs). UDF applies several development strategies to provide residents with better quality of life (QOL), such as relocation projects as residents move from unsafe areas to a new community where they are provided with adequate housing and basic infrastructure services. However, one major issue is that open spaces of relocated projects, despite being an important component in improving livelihoods, don’t fulfill the residents’ needs. Affordance theory provides the link between human behaviour and the function of space. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate open spaces in relocated communities relying on the affordance theory. Accordingly, Al-Asmarat district, one of the relocated projects in Cairo, is investigated as a case study to evaluate open spaces and livelihood in the area. This qualitative study employed 10 in-depth interviews to obtain primary data from samples taken from relocated residents. The study ends with needed indicators to ensure that open spaces in relocated communities can afford socioeconomic activities for the residents to achieve more inclusive urban development.
Predictive Maintenance with PCA Approach for Multi Automated Railroad Crossing System (ARCS) in The Framework of Prognostic and Health Management (PHM) Planning

The existence of level crossings between railroads and road vehicles that do not have gates in areas far from crowds, such conditions require gates that are made automatically to avoid accidents. The Automated Railroad Crossing System (ARCS) is an automatically activated railroad crossing gate where train arrival information is obtained through sensors. For one level crossing, there are several electronic devices installed in the automatic railroad crossing system. It is planned that the automatic railroad crossing system will be installed at several level crossings. The problem is how to estimate the time to perform automatic railroad crossing maintenance at several different locations, For this reason, it is necessary to know the estimated remaining useful life (Remaining Useful Life) of the subsystems. The purpose of this research is to find the estimated remaining useful time (RUL) of the subsystem in the automatic railroad crossing system in order to estimate the time to perform maintenance. The process that is carried out to obtain the remaining useful time is through the Prognostic Health Management System development plan, while the analysis of the estimated remaining useful time is carried out using Principle Component Analysis (PCA), the results of this simulation show promising results to determine the estimated value of the remaining useful time. If it can be known the estimated remaining time of the benefit, it is hoped that the maintenance plan for each automatic railroad crossing system can be carried out more efficiently.
Age-Associated Changes in the Immune System and Blood–Brain Barrier Functions

Age is associated with altered immune functions that may affect the brain. Brain barriers, including the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blood–CSF barrier (BCSFB), are important interfaces for neuroimmune communication, and are affected by aging. In this review, we explore novel mechanisms by which the aging immune system alters central nervous system functions and neuroimmune responses, with a focus on brain barriers. Specific emphasis will be on recent works that have identified novel mechanisms by which BBB/BCSFB functions change with age, interactions of the BBB with age-associated immune factors, and contributions of the BBB to age-associated neurological disorders. Understanding how age alters BBB functions and responses to pathological insults could provide important insight on the role of the BBB in the progression of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease.
Cyber Mobility Mirror for Enabling Cooperative Driving Automation in Mixed Traffic: A Co-Simulation Platform

Endowed with automation and connectivity, connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) will be a revolutionary promoter for cooperative driving automation (CDA). Nevertheless, CAVs need high-fidelity perception information on their surroundings, which is available but costly to collect from various onboard sensors, as well as vehicle-to-everything communications. Therefore, authentic perception (AP) information based on high-fidelity sensors via a cost-effective platform is crucial for enabling CDA-related research, e.g., cooperative decision making or control. Most state-of-the-art traffic simulation studies for CAVs rely on the situation-awareness information by directly calling on intrinsic attributes of the objects, which impedes the reliability and fidelity of the assessment of CDA algorithms. In this study, a cyber mobility mirror (CMM) co-simulation platform is designed for enabling CDA by providing AP information. The CMM co-simulation platform can emulate the real world with a high-fidelity sensor perception system and the cyberworld with a real-time rebuilding system acting as a “mirror” of the real-world environment. Concretely, the real-world simulator is mainly in charge of simulating the traffic environment, the sensors, and the AP process. The mirror-world simulator is responsible for representing objects and providing their information as intrinsic attributes of the simulator to support the development and evaluation of CDA algorithms. To illustrate the functionality of the proposed co-simulation platform, a roadside lidar-based vehicle perception system for enabling CDA is prototyped as a study case. Specific traffic environments and CDA tasks are designed for experiments whose results are demonstrated and analyzed to show the performance of the platform.
Lazy Online Gradient Descent is Universal on Polytopes

We prove the familiar Lazy Online Gradient Descent algorithm is universal on polytope domains. That means it gets $O(1)$ pseudo-regret against i.i. d opponents, while simultaneously achieving the well-known $O(\sqrt N)$ worst-case regret bound. For comparison the bulk of the literature focuses on variants of the Hedge (exponential weights) algorithm on the simplex. These can in principle be lifted to general polytopes; however the process is computationally unfeasible for many important classes where the number of vertices grows quickly with the dimension. The lifting procedure also ignores any Euclidean bounds on the cost vectors, and can create extra factors of dimension in the pseudo-regret bound. Gradient Descent is simpler than the handful of purpose-built algorithms for polytopes in the literature, and works in a broader setting. In particular existing algorithms assume the optimiser is unique, while our bound allows for several optimal vertices.