Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting SCADA system data for wind turbine performance monitoring

This paper presents the results of a short study into utilising wind farm supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system data for performance monitoring of large utility-scale wind turbines. The general approach taken is to model the turbine power output of each turbine during fault-free operation and to subsequently use the trained model to identify performance degradation by analysing the residual between the predicted and observed power values for each turbine. Historical data from a large wind farm is used to train and test the turbine models. The trained models are then tested on historical turbine failure examples. The results suggest that the data collected by wind farm SCADA systems, which are typically installed as standard on most modern wind farms, can be exploited for gaining an insight into wind turbine performance and maintenance condition.
On providing sink anonymity for sensor networks

The sinks usually in sensor networks usually broadcast their addresses for data collection. However, this common operation opens up vulnerability for adversary to attack the sinks and obstruct their normal functions. In this paper, we suggest sink anonymity as a novel approach for data collection, which protects the privacy of the sinks and avoids them to become the target of attacks. We provide sink anonymity by omitting the address of the sinks in routing, so that the identity and location of the sinks are kept private. Our proposed scheme, Randomized Routing with Hidden Address (RRHA), prevents the attackers from obtaining the receiver address by capturing the destination field of the packets or by predicting the location of the sinks by observing the flow of network traffic. We examined the successful delivery rate, packet delay, and protection strength of our proposed scheme by both analysis and simulations.
Crowd Event Detection in Surveillance Video - An Approach based on Optical Flow High-frequency Feature Analysis

Many real-world actions occur often in crowded and dynamic environments. Video surveillance application uses crowd analysis for automatic detection of anomalies and alarms. In this position paper we propose a crowd event detection technique based on optical flow high-frequency feature analysis to build a robust and stable descriptor. The proposed system is designed to be used in surveillance videos to automatic violence acts detection. Preliminary results show that the proposed methodology is able to perform the detection process with success and allows the development of an efficient recognition stage in further works.
A simple and sensitive assay for eflornithine quantification in rat brain using pre-column derivatization and UPLC-MS/MS detection.

Eflornithine (α-difluoromethylornithine) has been used to treat second-stage (or meningoencephalitic-stage) human African trypanosomiasis and currently is under clinical development for cancer prevention. In this study, a new ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)-based assay was developed and validated for the quantification of eflornithine in rat brain. To improve chromatographic retention and MS detection, eflornithine was derivatized with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate for 5 min at room temperature prior to injection. Derivatized eflornithine was separated on a reverse-phase C18 UPLC column with a 6-min gradient; elution occurred at approximately 1.5 min. Prior to derivatization, eflornithine was reproducibly extracted from rat brain homogenate by methanol protein precipitation (~70% recovery). Derivatized eflornithine was stable in the autosampler (6 °C) for at least 24 h. This new assay had acceptable intra- and interday accuracy and precision over a wide dynamic range (5000-fold) and excellent sensitivity with a lower limit of quantification of 0.1 µm (18 ng/mL) using only 10 μL of rat brain homogenate. The validated eflornithine assay was applied successfully to determine eflornithine distribution in different regions of rat brain in an in situ rat brain perfusion study.
Seryl‐tRNA synthetase is not responsible for the evolution of CUG codon reassignment in Candida albicans

A number of Candida species translate the standard leucine–CUG codon as serine using a novel ser‐tRNACAG. This tRNA, which has an unusual anticodon stem–loop structure, has been implicated in the evolution of this codon reassignment. However, such a sense codon reassignment might also require a change in the specificity of the cognate aminoacyl tRNA‐synthetase, in this case the ser‐tRNA synthetase. Here we describe the cloning and sequence analysis of the C. albicans seryl aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase (CaSerRS) gene (CaSES1). The predicted CaSerRS sequence shows a significant level of amino acid identity to SerRs from other organisms and fully complements a S. cerevisiae SerRS null strain without any apparent defect in growth rate. This suggests that the SerRS recognizes and charges S. cerevisiae ser‐tRNAs with similar efficiency to that of the S. cerevisiae SerRS. Using an antibody raised against CaSerRS, we also demonstrate the presence of SerRS in a range of Candida spp. showing CUG codon reassignment. We conclude that the key element in CUG reassigment in Candida spp. is the tRNA that decodes the CUG codon rather than a SerRS structural change. The nucleotide sequence of the CaSES1 gene has been deposited at GenBank under Accession No. AF290915. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coordinated Recruitment of Histone Methyltransferase G9a and Other Chromatin-Modifying Enzymes in SHP-Mediated Regulation of Hepatic Bile Acid Metabolism

ABSTRACT SHP has been implicated as a pleiotropic regulator of diverse biological functions by its ability to inhibit numerous nuclear receptors. Recently, we reported that SHP inhibits transcription of CYP7A1, a key gene in bile acid biosynthesis, by recruiting histone deacetylases (HDACs) and a Swi/Snf-Brm complex. To further delineate the mechanism of this inhibition, we have examined whether methylation of histones is also involved and whether a functional interplay between chromatin-modifying enzymes occurs. The histone methyltransferase G9a, but not SUV39, was colocalized with SHP in the nucleus and directly interacted with SHP in vitro. G9a, which was coimmunoprecipitated with hepatic SHP, methylated Lys-9 of histone 3 (H3K9) in vitro. Expression of G9a enhanced inhibition of CYP7A1 transcription by SHP, while a catalytically inactive G9a dominant negative (DN) mutant reversed the SHP inhibition. G9a was recruited to and H3K9 was methylated at the CYP7A1 promoter in a SHP-dependent manner in bile acid-treated HepG2 cells. Expression of the G9a-DN mutant inhibited H3K9 methylation, blocked the recruitment of the Brm complex, and partially reversed CYP7A1 inhibition by bile acids. Inhibition of HDAC activity with trichostatin A blocked deacetylation and methylation of H3K9 at the promoter, and, conversely, inhibition of H3K9 methylation by G9a-DN partially blocked deacetylation. Hepatic expression of G9a-DN in mice fed cholic acid disrupted bile acid homeostasis, resulting in increased bile acid pools and partial de-repression of Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1. Our studies establish a critical role for G9a methyltransferase, histone deacetylases, and the Swi/Snf-Brm complex in the SHP-mediated inhibition of hepatic bile acid synthesis via coordinated chromatin modification at target genes.
Social support, life stress, pain and emotional adjustment to advanced breast cancer

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between emotional adjustment to advanced breast cancer, pain, social support, and life stress. The cross‐sectional sample was compromised of 102 women with metastatic and/or recurrent breast cancer who were recruited into a randomized psychosocial intervention study. All women completed baseline questionnaires assessing demographic and medical variables, social support, life stress, pain, and mood disturbance. Three types of social support were assessed: (1) number of persons in support system; (2) positive support; and (3) aversive support. On the Profile of Mood States (POMS) total score, we found significant interactions between life stress and social support; having more people in the patient's support system was associated with less mood disturbance, but only among patients who had undergone greater life stress. Also, aversive social contact was significantly related to total mood disturbance (POMS), and having more aversive social contact was particularly associated with total mood disturbance (POMS) among patients who had undergone greater life stress. Pain intensity was associated with greater total life stress, and was not significantly related to social support. These results are consistent with the ‘buffering hypothesis’ that social support may shield women with metastatic breast cancer from the effects of previous life stress on their emotional adjustment; however, aversive support may be an additional source of life stress associated with emotional distress. Also, pain is greater among women with greater life stress, regardless of social support. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local Synaptic Learning Rules Suffice to Maximize Mutual Information in a Linear Network

A network that develops to maximize the mutual information between its output and the signal portion of its input (which is admixed with noise) is useful for extracting salient input features, and may provide a model for aspects of biological neural network function. I describe a local synaptic Learning rule that performs stochastic gradient ascent in this information-theoretic quantity, for the case in which the input-output mapping is linear and the input signal and noise are multivariate gaussian. Feedforward connection strengths are modified by a Hebbian rule during a "learning" phase in which examples of input signal plus noise are presented to the network, and by an anti-Hebbian rule during an "unlearning" phase in which examples of noise alone are presented. Each recurrent lateral connection has two values of connection strength, one for each phase; these values are updated by an anti-Hebbian rule.
Histopathologic Findings in Explanted Osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis

Purpose. To report the histologic findings in three explanted osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis (OOKP) laminae. Methods. The osteodental lamina of patient 1 with linear IgA bullous dermatosis had to be explanted 15 months after OOKP surgery because of permanent leakage after the resorption of the inferior half of the bone/dentin complex. Patient 2 underwent surgery because of corneal blindness caused by ocular pemphigoid. The remnants of the osteodental lamina were removed after a spontaneous loss of the optic cylinder 30 months after surgery. Patient 3 showed decentration of the optic cylinder 14 years after OOKP surgery was performed because of severe bilateral chemical burn. After intraoperative detachment of the optical cylinder from the broken lamina, the keratoprosthesis had to be completely removed. All specimens were fixed, decalcified using electrolysis, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results. All three laminae showed some degree of transformation and resorption of dentin and bone tissue. An inflammatory reaction could be observed in the laminae of patient 1 and 2. Downgrowth of keratinizing squamous epithelium and a reduction of bone tissue and dentin was found in patient 1. Most of the osteodental lamina of patient 2 had been replaced by connective tissue. No signs of acute or chronic inflammation could be found in patient 3. The optical cylinder was surrounded by a thin layer of connective tissue that was enclosed by a layer of woven bone. Dentine was found in just one half of the specimen, adjacent to a partly preserved alveolar-dental ligament. Conclusion. No conclusive explanation for the dissolution of the osteodental lamina in some of the patients can be offered at this time, although a few different mechanisms such as epithelial downgrowth and/or localized inflammation seem to play a pivotal role. Conversely, the preservation of the alveolar-dental ligament seems to be essential for the maintenance of the integrity of the OOKP.
Core beliefs and abortion attitudes: a look at Latinos.

This research examines the variables that influence the abortion attitudes of the three largest Latino populations: Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cubans. Using data from the Latino National Political Survey, we use multivariate analyses to examine the effects of selected variables on abortion attitudes. We also model attitudes toward abortion by using ordered logit. We find that attitudes toward abortion among the Latino populations are influenced by the same sets of variables that influence the attitudes of non-Latinos. Abortion is not an ethnic issue in the sense that the term is generally used
Chalmers Publication Library Separate initialization of dynamics and nonlinearities in nonlinear state-space models

This work focuses on the identification of nonlinear dynamic systems. In particular the problem of obtaining good starting values for the identification of nonlinear state-space models is addressed. A fast and efficient initialization algorithm is proposed, combining the use of methods from the statistical learning community to model the nonlinearities and classic system identification tools to capture system dynamics. The performance of the method is evaluated on simulation examples.
Recent progress in medical imaging technology

Medical imaging is the general name given to the methodology in which a biological object’s structure or function, which is usually invisible, is visualized by using physical media such as X-rays for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The method is divided into ultrasonic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medical imaging, X-ray imaging, and the like, according to the physical media employed. These modalities have their own features and have been used to compete with and complement each other, offering indispensable techniques for medical care. Medical imaging is supported by highly developed engineering technologies, and the medical and engineering technologies in combination are referred to as medical imaging technology. This paper presents a survey of recent developments in medical imaging technology, focusing on magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medical imaging, and X-ray imaging. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 36(3): 1–17, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.20154
Overview and Treatment of Opioid-Induced Constipation

Abstract Opioid analgesics have a central place in the management of both chronic and acute moderate-to-severe pain. However, their potential benefits may be compromised by constipation and other related bowel adverse effects mediated by gastrointestinal μ-opioid receptors. These adverse effects occur in up to 90% of patients treated with opioids, and may be sufficiently debilitating to cause patients to discontinue or modify opioid therapy, thereby compromising effective analgesia. Thorough assessment and treatment to prevent or ameliorate opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is therefore an essential component of pain management. Current treatment options include lifestyle and dietary alterations and pharmacologic interventions, such as laxatives. However, laxatives do not affect opioid binding to μ-opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract and, hence, treatment of OIC with these agents is often unsatisfactory to patients. Although μ-receptor blockade with naloxone has been shown to relieve OIC, this compound readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and may reduce the analgesic effects of opioids. Unlike naloxone, methylnaltrexone is a peripherally acting μ-receptor antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, it inhibits OIC without negatively affecting opioid-induced analgesia. Clinical trials in opioid-treated patients with constipation have shown that methylnaltrexone produces a bowel movement within 4 hours in approximately 50% to 65% of patients without affecting pain scores or inducing opioid withdrawal symptoms. The most common adverse effects in methylnaltrexone-treated patients were abdominal pain and flatulence, both possibly associated with the experience of having a bowel movement. Other potential treatment options for OIC are in clinical development and include oral peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonists.
10th annual meeting of the Safety Pharmacology Society: an overview

The 10th annual meeting of the Safety Pharmacology (SP) Society covered numerous topics of educational and practical research interest. Biopolymers – the theme of the keynote address – were presented as essential components of medical devices, diagnostic tools, biosensors, human tissue engineering and pharmaceutical formulations for optimized drug delivery. Toxicology and SP investigators – the topic of the Distinguished Service Award Lecture – were encouraged to collaborate in the development of SP technologies and protocols applicable to toxicology studies. Pharmaceutical companies, originally organizations bearing all risks for developing their portfolios, are increasingly moving towards fully integrated networks which outsource core activities (including SP studies) to large contract research organizations. Future nonclinical data are now expected to be of such high quality and predictability power that they may obviate the need for certain expensive and time-consuming clinical investigations. In this context, SP is called upon to extend its risk assessment purview to areas which currently are not systematically covered, such as drug-induced QRS interval prolongation, negative emotions and feelings (e.g., depression), and minor chronic cardiovascular and metabolic changes (e.g., as produced by drugs for type 2 diabetes) which can be responsible for delayed morbidity and mortality. The recently approved ICH S9 guidance relaxes the traditional regulatory SP package in order to accelerate the clinical access to anticancer drugs for patients with advanced malignancies. The novel FDA ‘Animal Rule’ guidance proposes that for clinical candidates with well-understood toxicities, marketing approval may be granted exclusively on efficacy data generated in animal studies as human clinical investigations for these types of drugs are either unfeasible or unethical. In conclusion, the core messages of this meeting are that SP should consistently operate according to the ‘fit-for-purpose’ principle and gradually integrate new mechanism-oriented safety paradigms into the traditional ones for ensuring more effectively the safety of drugs for any population of patients in need.
Up‐regulation of Bcl‐2 is associated with neuronal DNA damage in Alzheimer's disease

Cell death and neurofibrillary tangle formation are prominent features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been suggested that DNA damage may reflect neuronal vulnerability. In this context, the Ced homologue Bcl-2 is able to repress a number of cell death programs. Recently we found both numerous nuclei exhibiting DNA damage within neurons in the AD brain and increases in Bcl-2 immunoreactivity. In this study, we examined the relationship between Bcl-2 expression and nuclear DNA damage or tangle formation. Nuclei exhibiting DNA damage were associated with an up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression, whereas tangle-bearing neurons were associated with a down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression.
A Thermal Stress Treadmill Walk for Clinic Evaluation of Candidates for Hazardous Materials (HazMat) Duty

U.S. guidance for examining hazmat workers recommends stress testing be considered when heat stress is expected. However, the most common stress test—Bruce protocol treadmill electrocardiography (BPTE) wearing gym clothes—creates little thermal stress. Objective. Evaluate a novel thermal stress treadmill walk (TSTW). Methods. Body temperatures and heart rates during BPTE in 93 current and potential hazmat workers wearing gym clothes were compared with later values in 35 of these subjects while they were wearing thermally-restrictive “sauna suits “ during a 45-min TSTW. Physiological strain index (PSI) was calculated from temperature and heart rate changes and compared with PSI values from hazmat simulations and climatic chamber exercises. Results. Tympanic temperature (TT) rose 0.5 °C (SD 0.5) during BPTE lasting 12.4 min (SD 2.9). PSI reached 6.0 (SD 1.3). TT rose 1.0°C (SD 0.5) during TSTW, p < . 01. PSI averaged 6.6 (SD 1.9) in 29 subjects who completed TSTW, versus 5.7 (SD 5.7) in the 6 subjects who did not. Ingested thermistor temperatures increased more than did TT during TSTW, yielding PSI of 7.0 (SD 1.5), equal to PSI values from climatic chamber exercises, i.e., 7.0 (SD 1.0). Conclusion. TSTW increased body temperature and PSI in 29 of the 35 subjects who completed it to levels matching those of operational simulations in climatic chambers and during hazmat exercises. This TSTW may be useful for evaluating candidates for hazmat duty.
A 2.4 GHz 1-dimensional array antenna driven by vector modulators

This paper aims to develop an intelligent radio-communication prototype using multiple-antenna phased array whose bearing can be controlled electronically. Such a system has proved its efficiency in terms of gain and SNR improvement. The architecture presented in this article runs at 2.4 GHz with a bandwidth channel of 11 MHz which is well suited for WIFI 802.11b applications. This original system uses quadrature modulators as active phase-shifters, and noise sensitivity is studied and simulated to prove the interest of this architecture. A circuit is under tests and first elementary active parts RF measurements are given.
α-Arrestins participate in cargo selection for both clathrin-independent and clathrin-mediated endocytosis

ABSTRACT Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a well-studied mechanism to internalize plasma membrane proteins; however, to endocytose such cargo, most eukaryotic cells also use alternative clathrin-independent endocytic (CIE) pathways, which are less well characterized. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a widely used model for studying CME, was recently shown to have a CIE pathway that requires the GTPase Rho1, the formin Bni1, and their regulators. Nevertheless, in both yeast and mammalian cells, the mechanisms underlying cargo selection in CME and CIE are only beginning to be understood. For CME in yeast, particular α-arrestins contribute to recognition of specific cargos and promote their ubiquitylation by recruiting the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase Rsp5. Here, we show that the same α-arrestin–cargo pairs promote internalization through the CIE pathway by interacting with CIE components. Notably, neither expression of Rsp5 nor its binding to α-arrestins is required for CIE. Thus, α-arrestins are important for cargo selection in both the CME and CIE pathways, but function by distinct mechanisms in each pathway. Summary: In yeast, α-arrestins bind the Rho1 GTPase and regulate internalization of selective cargo through the clathrin-independent endocytic pathway.
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Learning the representation of shape cues in 2D & 3D objects for recognition is a fundamental task in computer vision. Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown promising performance on this task. Due to the large variability of shapes, accurate recognition relies on good estimates of model uncertainty, ignored in traditional training of DNNs, typically learned via stochastic optimization. This paper leverages recent advances in stochastic gradient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (SG-MCMC) to learn weight uncertainty in DNNs. It yields principled Bayesian interpretations for the commonly used Dropout/DropConnect techniques and incorporates them into the SG-MCMC framework. Extensive experiments on 2D & 3D shape datasets and various DNN models demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach over stochastic optimization. Our approach yields higher recognition accuracy when used in conjunction with Dropout and Batch-Normalization.