Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Proposed Framework for Developing an Electronic Medical Record System

The deployment of an electronic medical records (EMR) raises several important issues. Those addressed in this study are the access to such a system, the satisfaction on the security and authorization protocols to follow, the awareness of backup and recovery mechanisms in place, and the appreciation of the training of the IT staff. This qualitative study took place in the natural setting of the medical units' environments. A purposive sample of 40 professionals in Greece and Oman was used. The study underlines that the patients should have access to their records, whereas for the pharmacists the professionals' views are seriously divided. Every other person's access to such a record should be restricted and recorded. The professionals are satisfied with the security level, the ICTs training, and the backup and recovery mechanism in place. They almost all admitted there is an authorization schema followed to access the EMR. The main contribution of the study is the proposal of a framework of policies and procedures for the development of such a system.
Solvent–free Multicomponent Synthesis of Biologically–active Fused–imidazo Heterocycles Catalyzed by Reusable Yb(OTf)3 Under Microwave Irradiation

A rapid, efficient and solvent-free – green – protocol for Groebke–Bienayme–Blackburn reaction (G−B-B reaction) for the synthesis of fused-imidazo heterocycles has been developed. The methodology reported here involves multi-component reaction (MCR) catalyzed by reusable Yb(OTf)3 (a mild and water-compatible Lewis acid) under microwave irradiation which allows fast and efficient preparation of the title compounds in excellent yield. The salient features of our protocol are solvent-free, low catalyst loading (2.5–0.1 mol%) with good turnover number (TON: 890) and turnover frequency (TOF: 178/min), less reaction time (5 min), no dependency over specialized purification (by either column chromatography or recrystallization) and very high isolated yield (95–99 %) with excellent green chemistry metrics (E-factor: 0.071 and Mass Intensity: 1.071). The water compatibility of the catalyst Yb(OTf)3 has been exploited for its efficient recovery through water washings. In addition, the other exciting milestones of the protocol are catalyst and workup solvent recycling, excellent conversion with notorious substrates such as enolizable aldehyde or isonitrile bearing reactive substituent, very efficient at higher scale (50 mmol) and easy to couple with other methods (one-pot two-step cyclization: G−B-B reaction and Ullmann-type coupling).
MLEE: Effective Detection of Memory Leaks on Early-Exit Paths in OS Kernels

Memory leaks in operating system (OS) kernels can cause critical performance and security issues. However, it is quite challenging to detect memory leaks due to the inherent complexity and large-scale code base of real-world OS kernels. In this work, inspired by the observation that software bugs are often hidden in rarely-tested program paths, we focus on detecting memory leaks on early-exit (E-E) paths in OS kernels. To this end, we conduct a systematic study of memory management operations involved on E-E paths in OS kernels. Based on the ﬁndings, we design a novel leak detector for OS kernels: MLEE, which intelligently discovers memory leaks on E-E paths by cross-checking the presence of memory deallocations on different E-E paths and normal paths. MLEE successfully reports 120 new memory leak bugs in the Linux kernel. It is the ﬁrst time these memory leaks are uncovered by a leak detector for OS kernels.
Assessing Land Dynamics and Sustainability on the Pacific Coast of Nicaragua: A Method Based on Comprehensive Land Units

In the coastal zones, varied uses converge, some of them of priority interest. In this study, an integrated method for the planning and management of the territory is proposed, which includes the evaluation of sustainability. A total of 15 different land-use classes were estimated in 80 sampling units distributed regularly along the Pacific coastline of Nicaragua and classified to determine land management sectors. For each of the identified sectors, the ecological, economic, social, and productive dimensions were evaluated independently, handling a total of 53 variables from different databases, by means of ordination multivariate factor analysis. Subsequently, the four dimensions were integrated into a model and the results were evaluated based on their similarity with theoretical development scenarios, assessed by discriminant analysis. Among these, the scenarios considered as a goal for sustainability in the studied area were present. On the Pacific coast of Nicaragua, productive and economic activities are currently prioritized, without having an integrated planning scheme for the entire territory, which includes nature conservation. The main contribution has been to provide a method for evaluating the land in an integrative and multidimensional way, while at the same time qualifying the different territorial sectors from a sustainable development. Even under a context of relative scarcity of information for some relevant aspects, the dimension-values assessment is largely solved by ordering the territorial sectors with a multivariate strategy, so that they are classified in relative and not absolute terms, which allows the strategy to be very useful for countries lacking some databases and cartography. This holistic and comprehensive vision of the entire territory facilitates social participation and contributes to decision-making aimed at advancing toward sustainability.
The Methodological Approach to the Co-Creation of Online Health Education with and for Individuals with Intellectual Disability

Background: Health inequalities are evident among adults with intellectual disability. Two large national longitudinal studies have highlighted the paucity of health education among people with intellectual disability. Frequently people with intellectual disability are excluded from health screenings, targeted health promotions and health education. Subsequently health problems often go unrecognised and unmet.
Annual winter water‐level drawdowns influence physical habitat structure and macrophytes in Massachusetts, USA, lakes

Annual wintertime water-level drawdowns are a common management strategy in recreational lakes; however, few studies have estimated their relative impact on lake littoral habitat among a set of typically co-occurring anthropogenic stressors including lakeshore development and herbicide application. Within 21 Massachusetts, USA lakes that represented a drawdown magnitude gradient (0.07 – 2.26 m), we assessed depth-speci ﬁ c littoral habitat (coarse wood, sediment, macrophytes) at two sites adjacent to forested or developed shorelines. Using generalized linear mixed models, we found coarse wood abundance and branching complexity was not correlated with drawdown magnitude but was primarily explained by the presence of lakeshore development. Drawdown magnitude was negatively correlated with silt cover and positively correlated with coarse substrate cover, with effects further varying by depth (0.5 m vs. 1 m). Macrophyte biomass and biovolume were negatively correlated with drawdown magnitude with effects also varying by depth for biomass. Macrophyte taxa with annual longevity strategies (e.g., Najas ﬂ exilis ) and amphibious growth forms increased in biomass proportions with drawdown magnitude. Distance-based redundancy analyses suggested macrophyte taxa composition was driven by drawdown magnitude, coarse substrate, alkalinity, water transparency, and herbicide use. These results suggest the importance of water quality and depth on macrophyte assemblage responses to winter drawdowns and the potential to develop drawdown-tolerant macrophyte assemblages. Altogether, understanding the unique impacts of anthropogenic stressors on littoral zone habitat across heterogeneous environmental lake conditions can help minimize impacts to lake ecological integrity while maintaining recreational value.
How Much of the Earth's Surface is Underlain by Permafrost?

More than 80% of studies reporting the area on Earth underlain by permafrost refer to the extent of the permafrost region, which accounts for around 21 million km2 (22% of the Northern Hemisphere's exposed land surface). Since each permafrost zone (continuous, discontinuous, sporadic, and isolated, which combined represent the permafrost region) is not entirely underlain by permafrost, the actual area underlain by permafrost (permafrost area) accounts for approximately 14 million km2 (15% of the exposed land surface area in the Northern Hemisphere). Such overstatements create a general impression that there is 6 million km2 more permafrost than currently estimated. I highlight the known differences between the terms permafrost region and permafrost area, along with explaining the possible reasons leading to these overstatements. Recent studies estimating permafrost area extent are summarized to provide a baseline for the geoscientific community and general public about the actual area underlain by permafrost for different parts of the globe.
Pengaruh Keterampilan Komunikasi terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Lulusan Sarjana Sumatera Barat

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh data yang dirilis oleh Badan Pusat Statistik Sumatera Barat mengenai tingkat pengagguran lulusan sarjana S1 Sumatera Barat yang mengalami peningkatan dari tahun sebelumnya. Kondisi ini terjadi karena kesiapan kerja yang kurang memadai dan rendahnya keterampilan komunikasi yang dimiliki lulusan sarjana Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah keterampilan komunikasi memiliki peran terhadap kesiapan kerja lulusan program sarjana di Sumatera Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif yaitu dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear . Populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 327.150 orang lulusan program sarjana yang belum bekerja. Teknik sampling pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling . Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tingkat keterampilan komunikasi lulusan Sarjana di Sumatera Barat dominan sedang dengan persentase 69,63% dari jumlah responden dan tingkat kesiapan kerja lulusan Sarjana di Sumatera Barat dominan sedang, dengan persentase 75,50% dari jumlah responden, serta keterampilan komunikasi memiliki peran signifikan terhadap kesiapan kerja. Hasil penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa dari empat aspek keterampilan komunikasi, aspek berbicara dan aspek komunikasi nonverbal memiliki peran yang paling besar dibandingkan aspek lainnya.
Hydrodynamics of pulsed spouted beds: Effects of pulsation waveform, amplitude, and frequency

ABSTRACT The effect of flow pulsations is studied via a discrete element model on hydrodynamics of spouted bed, which is being used in many important industries like drying processes. Decreased horizontal air percolation and preserving upward momentum, increased particle circulation, increased particle traverse distance, and better homogeneity are resulted from flow pulsations in spouted beds. Among the waveforms studied, square and triangular waveforms differ most and least from steady spouting, respectively. The predictions indicate that the pulsed spouted bed has the potential to enhance both gas and particle motion, hence being useful in drying and other operations.
Supplementary material to "Using terrestrial laser scanning to constrain forest ecosystem structure and functions in the Ecosystem Demography model (ED2.2)"

Abstract. Terrestrial Biosphere Modeling (TBM) is an invaluable approach for studying plant-atmosphere interactions at multiple spatial and temporal scales, as well as the global change impacts on ecosystems. Yet, TBM projections suffer from large uncertainties that limit their usefulness. A large part of this uncertainty arises from the empirical allometric (size-tomass) relationships that are used to represent forest structure in TBMs. Forest structure actually drives a large part of TBM uncertainty as it regulates key processes such as the transfer of carbon, energy, and water between the land and atmosphere, but remains challenging to measure and reliably represent. The poor representation of forest structure in TBMs results in models that are able to reproduce observed land fluxes, but which fail to realistically represent carbon pools, forest composition, and demography. Recent advances in Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) techniques offer a huge opportunity to capture the three-dimensional structure of the ecosystem and transfer this information to TBMs in order to increase their accuracy. In this study, we quantified the impacts of integrating structural observations of individual trees (namely tree height, leaf area, woody biomass, and crown area) derived from TLS into the state-of-the-art Ecosystem Demography model (ED2.2) at a temperate forest site. We assessed the relative model sensitivity to initial conditions, allometric parameters, and canopy representation by changing them in turn from default configurations to site-specific, TLS-derived values. We show that forest demography and productivity as modelled by ED2.2 are sensitive to the imposed initial state, the model structural parameters, and the way canopy is represented. In particular, we show that: 1) the imposed openness of the canopy dramatically influenced the potential vegetation, the optimal ecosystem leaf area, and the vertical distribution of light in the forest, as simulated by ED2.2; 2) TLS-derived allometric parameters increased simulated leaf area index and aboveground biomass by 57 and 75 %, respectively; 3) the choice of model structure and allometric coefficient both significantly impacted the optimal set of parameters necessary to reproduce eddy covariance flux data.
Receiver Function mapping of mantle transition zone discontinuities beneath Western Alps using scaled 3-D velocity corrections

The Alpine orogenic belt is the result of the continental collision and convergence between the Adriatic microplate and European plate during the Mesozoic. The Alps orogenic belt has a complex tectonic history and the deformation in and around the Alps are significantly affected by several microplates (e.g., Adriatic and Iberia) and blocks, in particular the Apennines, Betics, Dinarides. The mantle transition zone is delineated by seismic velocity discontinuities around the depths of 410 and 660 km which are generally interpreted as polymorphic phase changes in the olivine system and garnet-pyroxene system.The subduction depth of the European plate and the origin of the mantle flow behind the plate plays crucial roles for our understanding of regional geodynamic (Zhao et al., 2016; Hua et al., 2017). Therefore, we use receiver function method to study the seismic features of discontinuities beneath the Western Alps to constrain the structure of subducted plate and study the geodynamic origin of the low velocity anomaly behind the subduction zone and its relationship with the high-relief topography.
Suppression of Fusarium wilt of eggplant using Trichoderma harzianum and Carbendazim

ABSTRACT Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae causes high yield loss in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). The present research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of combined use of Trichoderma harzianum and Carbendazim at a reduced dose against the wilt pathogen on eggplant variety Arka Shirish. T. harzianum and Carbendazim are detrimental to wilt pathogen and interfere with its growth. Both T. harzianum and Carbendazim were used either as a seed treatment (st) or soil application (sa). Carbendazim (st) produced the highest emergence rate (98.2%); T. harzianum (sa)+Carbendazim (st) had the least wilt incidence (16.36%). T. harzianum (sa)+Carbendazim (sa) caused the most improvement in plant fresh (169.24 g) and dry (26.35 g) weights and plant length (89.45 cm). Most fruit/plant (19.14), highest yield/plant (858.09 g) and highest phenolic content (98.52 μg catechol∙g−1) was due to treatment with T. harzianum (sa)+Carbendazim (st); T. harzianum (sa) produced the greatest increase in chlorophyll content (3.91 mg∙g−1). Integrated use T. harzianum and Carbendazim could reduce wilt incidence in eggplant.
Theoretical study of the catalytic oxidation mechanism of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran by PMo-containing Keggin heteropolyacid

The mechanism for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) catalysed by PMo-containing Keggin heteropolyacid (H3PMo12O40) has been systematically investigated at the M06/6-31++G(d,p), Lanl2dz level in dimethylsulfoxide. For H3PMo12O40 in dimethylsulfoxide, the most stable species was [PMo12O40]3−, which was the catalytic active species for the aerobic oxidation of HMF to DFF. Over the [PMo12O40]3− active species, the reaction of 2HMF + O2 → 2DFF + 2H2O was associated with three successive reaction stages: the oxidation of the first HMF to DFF by [PMo12O40]3−, the import of O2 to form the peroxide [PMo12O41]3− and the oxidation of the second HMF to DFF by [PMo12O41]3−, regenerating [PMo12O40]3−. The oxidation of each HMF involves two main reaction steps: the cleavage of the O–H bond in the hydroxyl group and cleavage of the C–H bond in the methylene group of HMF. The turnover frequency determining the transition state was the first-step C–H bond cleavage in the methylene group of HMF with a rate constant of kH = 1.345 × 108 exp(−153 476/RT), while the turnover frequency determining the intermediate was representative of the HMF-containing molecular complex on [PMo12O40]3−. The value of the kinetic isotope effects (kH/kD) is predicted to be about 4.2–5.9 over the temperature range 373–433 K. This study provides an insight into the catalytically crucial step in the oxidation of HMF to DFF.
Positive Intergroup Interdependence, Prejudice, Outgroup Stereotype and Helping Behaviors: The Role of Group-Based Gratitude

The present paper investigates a positive, other-oriented moral emotion: group-based gratitude, in reaction to intergroup positive interdependence or outgroup contributions to ingroup’s goals. Three studies support the notion that group-based gratitude plays a role in improving intergroup attitudes between natives and immigrants in the French context. In Study 1, positive intergroup interdependence was associated with group-based gratitude, which in turn was negatively associated with prejudicial attitudes and behavioral intentions. In the last two studies, highlighting historical outgroup contributions elicited group-based gratitude, which in turn reduced prejudice, increased perceived warmth and reciprocity (i.e., helping behavioral intentions), compared to control condition and positive condition. Links with indebtedness and common ingroup are discussed.
Gaussian processes non‐linear inverse reinforcement learning

The authors analyse a Bayesian framework for posing and solving inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) problems that arise in decision ‐ making and optimisation settings. The authors propose a non ‐ parametric Bayesian model using Gaussian process (GP) and preference graphs, which offer an effective and computationally efficient method for ill ‐ posed IRL problems in large or infinite state space. This approach only requires a finite number of demonstrations that is much less than the amount required for approximating the feature expectation or value functions in previous IRL methods. The proposed learning framework is expressive as it relies on a Bayesian structure in which assumptions are explicit and changeable. It is also robust in that it formalises on convex optimisation, which retains the promise of computationally manageable implementations for practical problems. To deal with more realistic IRL problems where the dynamics is also unknown, the GP model can be easily combined with the method to learn the dynamics at the same time. Experimental results prove the superiority of the authors method to current pre-vailing IRL algorithms with fewer numbers of demonstrations in both discrete and continuous state space.
Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Inorganic Perovskite CsPb(1-x)GexI3: A First Principle Approach

ABSTRACT In recent years, the inorganic lead-based perovskites have significant consideration owing to their excellent structural stability. In this work, we explore the structural, electronic, and optical properties of α-CsPbI3 and Ge-incorporated α-CsPbI3 perovskites through first-principle calculations. The 12.5% of Ge-mixed CsPbI3 has pleasant structural stability compared to CsPbI3. The CsPb(1-x)GexI3 band gap is linearly decreased while increasing Ge concentration, and it varied from 1.45 to 1.12 eV. Besides, Ge doped CsPbI3 perovskites have a more substantial absorption coefficient in the visible regions. This result reveals, the Ge-incorporation on the B-site location enhanced structural stability and optical absorption coefficient of CsPbI3.
Dynamic Optimizations in GPU Using Roofline Model

Massively parallel processors such as graphics processesing units (GPUs) often face the challenge of resource underutilization due to varying resource proclivity of workloads. Running multiple applications on a GPU has been an efficient and known alternative to mitigate underutilization. This paper proposes a multi-application oriented framework that carries out dynamic optimizations based on the operational intensities of various applications. Our framework analyzes applications based on operational intensities to identify their bottleneck resources using Roofline model. We demonstrate that the proposed optimizations improve the utilization and system-wide throughput of the GPU co-running applications with irregular resource demands. The dynamic optimizations improve the performance by 14.8% on average and up to 72.4% over a state-of-the-art spatial multitasking technique.
The impact of Indonesian oil price (CPI) and macroeconomics on investments in the manufacturing sector in Indonesia

Background: Indonesia consumes oil as the main energy source in the production process and as a result of the development of the manufacturing industry. Thus, investment in manufacturing stocks will be affected by oil price fluctuations and macroeconomic conditions. Changes in oil prices will affect the performance of the manufacturing sector which in turn affects manufacturing stock prices. This paper aims to examine the impact of Indonesia's oil price shocks and macroeconomic factors on stock price movements in the manufacturing sector. Methods: This study uses monthly data for the 2009-2016 period in the manufacturing sector, and 67 stocks were selected on the basis consistently available in the period of the research. The cointegration and causality technique was used in this paper; firstly we applied a unit-panel root test, Secondly, we performed a residual test to indicate whether there was cointegration among variables in the long run equilibrium, and short the short run, we used a Granger causality test. Results: The panel unit root test (both Shin and Fisher) and the Pedroni cointegration residual test show that the data is stationary at 1% level of significance, thus all variables simultaneously achieve long-run equilibrium, and in the short run, the Granger causality test shows that there is one way direction causality Conclusions: For long-term investment in manufacturing stocks, investors must consider the exchange rate, as it is also as a determining factor in influencing the movement of manufacturing stock prices, inflation, and the production index. Meanwhile, weakening of the rupiah in the short run will also determine investment conditions due to the dependency on raw materials for production from foreign sources. The price of oil as an energy source in the manufacturing sector does not have a long-term relationship with other variables.