Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of Techniques Used in Sentiment Analysis of Social Media Data

With the advancement of internet, introduction of social media and exponential growth of the number of people actively participating in social media such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram is increasing; there are lot of opinions expressed on social networking sites regarding various subjects. This data can be used in analysing the sentiments expressed pertaining to a particular subject matter which can be implemented. This can be used as the ideal research material for data scientists and researchers. This branch of data analytics known as sentiment analysis is used by companies to obtain customer feedback informally, which can thereby be used for targeted advertising or in other business decisions. In this paper, different sentiment analysis techniques used in the present that helps in understanding the public opinion expressed on social networking sites are discussed.
A Velocity Distribution Model for Steady State Heat Transfer

Consider a box that is filled with an ideal gas and that is aligned along Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) having until length in the "y" direction and unspecified length in the "x" and "z" directions. Heat is applied uniformly over the "hot" end of the box (y = 1) and is removed uniformly over the "cold" end (y = 0) at a constant rate such that the ends of the box are maintained at temperatures TOat y = 0 and T Iat y = 1. Let U, 1I, and W denote the respective velocity components ofa moloeule inside the box selected at some random time and at some location (x, y, z). If TO= T,, then U,/1, and W are mutually independent and Gaussian, each with mean zero and variance R T0, where R is the gas constant. When TO_: TI the velocity components are not independent and are not Gaussian. Our objective is to characterize the joint distribution of the velocity components U, V, and Was a function ofy, and, in particular, to characterize the distribution of V given y. It is hoped that this research will lead to an increased physical understanding of the nature of turbulence.
The Evolution of Nonprofit Governance Research: Reflections, Insights, and Next Steps

The literature on nonprofit governance and boards has grown substantially during the past 50 years as researchers from a variety of disciplines and fields have studied governance systems and processes to examine how they are organized, the practices they employ, and their relations with and impacts on nonprofits. This essay offers a domain-based narrative review of the research on the governance of nonprofit organizations and how it has developed over these 50 years. Building on literature reviews and a Delphi study, we summarize the progression of nonprofit governance research, employ a multi-dimensional framework to summarize and assess the state of the field, and offer recommendations for future study. We find the increasingly multinational and multicultural literature of the field has become more rich, nuanced, and increasingly inclusive of contingency, complexity, paradox, and the diverse theoretical perspectives that will enhance our understanding of nonprofit governance.
An Empirical Study of Eight Nonparametric Tests in Hierarchical Regression.

When normality does not hold, nonparametric tests represent an important data-analytic alternative to parametric tests. However, the use of nonparametric tests in educational research has been limited by the absence of easily performed tests for complex experimental designs and analyses, such as factorial designs and multiple regression analyses, and limited information about the properties of these tests for realistic data conditions. Efforts to remedy this deficiency have begun with the introduction of general linear model-based nonparametric tests. The results of a computer simulation of the properties of several of these tests in hierarchial regression analysis indicated that, on balance, the top-performing test for the nonnormal distributions studied was the McKean-Hettmansperger F-test using a confidence interval estimate of the scale parameter r . The Serlin-Harwell aligned-rank chi-square test performed almost as well, which, combined with the fact that it is easier to compute, makes it an attractive competitor to the McKean-Hettmansperger test.
Extended Hamilton's principle

Hamilton's principle is extended to have compatible initial conditions to the strong form. To use a number of computational and theoretical benefits for dynamical systems, the mixed variational formulation is preferred in the systems other than particle systems. With this formulation and the Rayleigh's dissipation function, we could have all the pertinent initial/boundary conditions for both conservative and non-conservative dynamical system. Based upon the extension framework of Hamilton's principle, the numerical method for representative lumped parameter models is also developed through applying Galerkin's method to time domain with the discussion of its numerical properties and simulation results.
Thermal Environment and Energy Performance of a Typical Classroom Building in a Hot-Humid Region: A Case Study in Guangzhou, China

Buildings and the construction sector account substantially for global energy consumption. In hot-humid areas of China, suboptimal thermal comfort in classrooms has heightened their cooling load and energy consumption. It is necessary to renovate the buildings of outdated code according to the current weather conditions to save energy. This study thus aimed to examine the thermal effects of such designs on the cooling load, based on an actual classroom building during summers in hot-humid southern China. Using air temperature and PMV values to evaluate thermal comfort, this study conducted simulation through EnergyPlus and DesignBuilder. The resultant updated typical meteorological year (TMY) and the monthly and hourly analyses of indoor thermal comfort revealed persistent classroom overheating. To mitigate the cooling load, numerous design variables were investigated: space form, roofing, external walls, windows, and shading devices. Evaluative comparisons found that appropriate choice of external windows and shading devices represented the two most effective strategies in mitigating the cooling load. Furthermore, jointly applying effective retrofit strategies to the building yielded a favorable reduction in the annual cooling energy consumption by 16.6%. The findings herein are envisioned to provide evidence-based referential guidance for building designs for classrooms in a hot-humid climate.
A highly anomalous Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) song

Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) is a highly vocal species with a repertoire of similar, yet acoustically distinct songs. These songs may be altered drastically if, as a nestling, the male goes deaf or becomes acoustically isolated. In deaf Red-winged Blackbirds, these dramatic song alterations may present as songs bearing slight resemblance to the introductory phrase of their normal song. Here, we present a Red-winged Blackbird song observed in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, that is far outside any normal variation in Red-winged Blackbird songs. Given the individual’s age and the consistency of the anomalous song, it is possible that this is a deaf bird.
Making sense of the stories we are told about our own conception and birth: a qualitative analysis

ABSTRACT We are all born and we all have a conception and birth story. Whilst quantitative research highlights the impact of conception and birth on health outcomes, little is known about how people make sense of their own conception and birth stories. 10 participants took part in a qualitative interview to explore their conception and birth stories and how they have made sense of them. Thematic analysis described three major themes relating to; i) “shaping their sense of self” including feelings of “luck”, an appreciation for being alive and changes to their self-identity; ii) “changing family relationships”, and how their stories had influenced their views of parents and siblings; iii) “feelings about becoming a parent in the future” including their expectations of their own future births and conception experiences. Transcending these themes was the notion of “valence of the story” which illustrated that how a story was told and whether this was with humour or fear could change the impact of this story. Conception and birth stories may become ingrained into family narratives but they are also ingrained into who we become and even negative events can be ingrained in a more positive way if told with humour rather than fear.
FALC: Ferramenta para Análise de Dados sobre Laudos Periciais Criminais

A Perícia Criminal de Minas Gerais utiliza informações sobre a execução de laudos periciais para subsidiar ações da corporação. Apesar da relevância desses dados na tomada de decisão, atualmente os peritos extraem e manipulam os dados manualmente. Este trabalho propõe e desenvolve uma solução computacional que propicia aos peritos obter e analisar os dados consolidados sobre laudos periciais criminais com menos esforço. A abordagem metodológica foi a Design Science Research - DSR. A pesquisa foi prescritiva e o artefato gerado como prova de conceito do sistema. A análise dos resultados foi feita com abordagem quantitativa. Os resultados foram satisfatórios e o artefato desenvolvido diminuiu o problema no contexto real para o qual havia sido projetado.
Online Shadow Education in Hong Kong: Perspectives from Secondary School Students and Private Tutors

Based on the educational hierarchical reproduction theory and the MMI and EMI hypotheses, this paper discusses the impact of the tracking of general and vocational education at the secondary level on higher education opportunity equity among social classes. The study finds that increasing gross enrollment rates of both general high schools and secondary vocational schools can help improve the equity in admission opportunities of colleges and universities among social strata; expanding the share of general high school places by adjusting the structure of general and vocational tracks (that is, the general-vocational ratio) can effectively reduce the class disparities in college and university admission opportunities; neither the change in the scale nor in the structure of general and vocational tracks will contribute to alleviating class inequality in top university enrollment opportunities.
Robust Performance Controller Synthesis Based on Discrete‐Time Noncausal Linear Periodically Time‐Varying Scaling

This paper is concerned with the technique called discrete‐time noncausal linear periodically time‐varying (LPTV) scaling for robust stability analysis and synthesis. It is defined through the lifting treatment of discrete‐time systems, and naturally leads to a sort of noncausal operation of signals. In the robust stability analysis of linear time‐invariant (LTI) systems, it has been shown that even static noncausal LPTV scaling induces some frequency‐dependent scaling when it is interpreted in the context of lifting‐free treatment. This paper first discusses in detail different aspects of the effectiveness of noncausal LPTV scaling, with the aim of showing its effectiveness in controller synthesis. More precisely, we study the robust performance controller synthesis problem, where we allow the controllers to be LPTV. As in the LTI robust performance controller synthesis problem, we tackle our problem with an iterative method without guaranteed convergence to a globally optimal controller. Despite such a design procedure, the closed‐loop H∞ performance is expected to improve as the period of the controller is increased, and we discuss how the frequency‐domain properties of noncausal LPTV scaling could contribute to such improvement. We demonstrate with a numerical example that an effective LPTV controller can be designed for a class of uncertainties for which the well‐known μ‐synthesis fails to derive even a robust stabilization controller.
Tube-MPC Control via Notch Filter for Flexible Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicle with Actuator Fault

In this paper, the tube model predictive control (Tube-MPC) via notch filter is proposed for flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle with actuator fault. Firstly, considering the low-order flexible modes, the polytopic linear parameter varying (LPV) model of flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle is established using Jacobian linearization and tensor product. Actuator fault and parameter uncertainty are transformed into a lumped disturbance term. The baseline Tube-MPC trajectory tracking controller is developed by designing robust auxiliary feedback control law and nominal control law. In order to weaken the effect of flexibility, a notch filter is introduced to eliminate the frequency response peak of flexible modes. And the effect of notch filter on control performance and stability is analysed. Secondly, an alternative controller design strategy is proposed to ensure stability of the closed-loop system. The filter and the original nonlinear model are combined together such that the new polytopic LPV model is codesigned. On the basis, the adjustable Tube-MPC controller is developed to improve the control performance and ensure the stability of the system. Finally, the effectiveness of the two controllers is verified by simulations.
Self-assembled Mn5Ge3 nanomagnets close to the surface and deep inside a Ge1-xMnx epilayer

Under defined growth conditions ferromagnetic hexagonal Mn5Ge3 precipitates are formed in cubic Ge1−xMnx epilayers. To study the topotaxial relationship of these nanomagnets we perform x-ray diffraction experiments in coplanar as well as in grazing incidence geometries at synchrotron sources. Additionally, to the well defined topotaxial relation derived for buried nanomagnets deep within the Ge layer, we found an additional class of Mn5Ge3 precipitates very close to the surface, with larger inclusion diameter and several different crystallographic orientations with respect to the buried ones.
WIFLF: An approach independent of the target project for cross‐project defect prediction

Cross‐project defect prediction (CPDP) is used to build defect prediction models when data from the target project are not enough. There has been several approaches to improve the performance of CPDP, such as feature transformation and instance selection methods. However, existing techniques are strongly dependent on the target data to reduce the distribution discrepancy between source and target projects. That is, the performance of these methods is determined by the effectiveness of feature transformation or the similarity between two projects. Additionally, when there is a large amount of source data that needs to be matched with target data, it will take much time and reduce the efficiency of model construction. Therefore, it is vital to explore a target project‐agnostic approach to build CPDP models. This paper presents a Weighted Isolation Forest with class Label information Filter (WIFLF) to relieve the issues above. Four groups of datasets from AEEEM, Relink and PROMISE Data Repository are used to conduct CPDP models. Besides, WIFLF is compared with 12 approaches. The experimental results indicate that WIFLF significantly outperforms all the baselines. Specifically, WIFLF with random forest significantly improves the performance over the baselines on average by at least 14.64% and 4.90% with respect to Skewed F‐Measure and G‐Measure, respectively.
Correlation Analysis of miR-1246 Expression in Saliva of Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Periodontal Indexes, Inflammatory Cytokines, and Protease Molecules

Objective The study aimed to investigate the correlation of miR-1246 in saliva with periodontal indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and protease molecules in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods Thirty-five patients with chronic periodontitis were included as the chronic periodontitis group, and 35 healthy individuals were selected as the healthy control group during the same period. The miR-1246 levels, inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1), MMP-8, and MMP tissue inhibitor (TIMP-1) in saliva were determined, and periodontal indexes, including the plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), periodontal probing depth (PD), and attachment loss (AL) were examined. Results The salivary levels of miR-1246, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, MMP-1, MMP-8, and TIMP-1 and the periodontal indexes PLI, GI, PD, and AL in the chronic periodontitis group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control (P < 0.05). Salivary levels of miR-1246 in patients with chronic periodontitis were positively correlated with the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, MMP-1, MMP-8, TIMP-1, PLI, GI, PD, and AL (P < 0.05). Conclusion Abnormally elevated levels of miR-1246 in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis correlate with levels of periodontal indices, inflammatory cytokines, and protease molecules.
Scheduling Synchronization for Overlapping Segments in Bus Lines: Speed Control and Green Extension Strategies

Overlapping bus lines are ubiquitous in bus networks, particularly in metropolitan areas. The overlapping of bus lines can provide convenience for passengers who wish to transfer. However, it also tends to cause bus bunching at overlapping segment stops. Moreover, overlapping of bus lines introduces additional complexity to the operation of bus systems. This study aimed to dispatch bus vehicles entering overlapping segments dynamically by adopting speed control and green light extension strategies. This ensures that transferring passengers experience less transfer waiting time and reduced bus bunching at overlapping segments. The proposed model considers environmental constraints on vehicle speed and the stochastic factors of passenger arrivals at a stop. Synchronization is maximized by controlling the speed of vehicles along a roadway and determining whether a green light extension strategy is enabled. The effectiveness of the proposed model was verified by applying it to a real overlapping segment in Harbin, China. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can more than double the opportunity for synchronization in overlapping segments while reducing bus bunching at the stops in overlapping segments.
Quasi-geostrophic motions in the equatorial area

Quasi-horizontal wave motions in the equatorial area are discussed. A single layer of homogeneous incompressible fluid with free surface is treated. The Coriolis parameter is assumed to be proportional to the latitude. In general, waves of two different types are obtained as solutions, one being the inertio-gravity wave and the other Rossby wave. They are distinguished from each other by the difference of frequencies and by the relationships between pressure and velocity fields. For the solutions of the lowest mode (waves confined near the equator), however, the distinction between the Rossby and the inertio-gravity waves is not clear. The wave moves westward and the frequency of this wave is compared to that of the gravity wave, if wave length is large. With the increase of the wave number the frequency decreases and approaches to that of the Rossby type wave. The pressure and wind fields of this wave show somewhat mixed character of the two types, and change continuously with the wave number. In this connection it seems impossible to "filter out" gravity waves from large scale motions. Another interesting feature of the equatorial disturbances is that the low frequency waves are trapped near the equator. It is shown that the both waves of inertio-gravity type and of the Rossby type have appreciable amplitude only near the equator. The characteristic north-south extent of the waves is (c/ ) 1/2, where c is the velocity of long gravity waves and is the Rossby parameter. This expression is identical with that derived by Bretherton (1964) for inertio-gravity oscillations in a meridional plane. In the later half, "forced stationary motion" in the equatorial region is treated. Based on the same model, mass sources and sinks are introduced periodically in the east-west direction. Then the motions and surface topography caused by them are calculated. As expected, high and low pressures appear where mass source and sink are given respectively. But these high and low cells are splitted into two parts separated by troughs or ridges located along the equator. Strong east-west current was formed along the equator. The flow directs from source to sink and it is intensified by the turning of the circular flow in the higher latitudes.
Bias reduction in kernel density estimation via Lipschitz condition

In this paper we propose a new nonparametric kernel-based estimator for a density function f which achieves bias reduction relative to the classical Rosenblatt–Parzen estimator. Contrary to some existing estimators that provide for bias reduction, our estimator has a full asymptotic characterisation including uniform consistency and asymptotic normality. In addition, we show that bias reduction can be achieved without the disadvantage of potential negativity of the estimated density – a deficiency that results from using higher order kernels. Our results are based on imposing global Lipschitz conditions on f and defining a novel corresponding kernel. A Monte Carlo study is provided to illustrate the estimator's finite sample performance.
Navon-induced processing biases fail to affect the recognition of whole faces and isolated facial features

ABSTRACT According to the processing bias account, global Navon-induced processing primes the adoption of a holistic strategy whereas local Navon-induced processing triggers featural processing. As faces are recognised at a holistic level, global Navon-induced processing would increase recognition accuracy of whole faces. In contrast, local Navon-induced processing would enhance the recognition of individual facial features. In two experiments we explored this account using the part/whole task. Observers were asked to recognise facial features presented in isolation or embedded into whole faces, after global or local Navon-induced processing. In both experiments, results showed a whole-over-part advantage whereby facial features were recognised more accurately in the context of the whole face than in isolation. However, Navon-induced processing failed to modulate this effect as well as the magnitude of holistic-featural face processing. These results cast doubts on the reliability of Navon processing to prime the adoption of a particular processing style for face identification.
Modified of Mixed Strategy Algorithm for Power Allocation on D2D Underlay Communication

As time passes by, the need for telecommunication services will increase along with increasement of human’s population. To anticipate the flooding requests of telecommunication services, one of the solutions offered is by implementing D2D communication, especially in 5G architecture. In D2D 5G, focusing on underlay communication D2D uses the same frequency spectrum, so that opportunity of interference may happen, but the value of spectral efficiency (SE) may increase as a result of the effectiveness of the spectral that occurs. In terms of financing and its development, underlay D2D communication is considered more profitable for service providers. Based on this point, the authors propose a novel algorithm of modified mixed strategy algorithm for power allocation to make the power transmission cost be more effective. After the experiment conducted, the result shows that modified mixed strategy outperform baseline model which uses no power allocation algorithm.