Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constitutively Expressing of the SUC2 Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Encoding of Invertase Apoplastic Localization in Potato Plants Results in Multiple Physiological and Biochemical Changes Associated with Low Temperature Resistance

The first compartment of the cell, which gets Low Temperature (LT) signal and participates in its transduction and response, is the apoplast (extracellular space). The apoplast contains the acid invertase - the key enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological and biochemical changes associated with formation of resistance of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Désirée) plants to LT and functional role of the apoplastic invertase in this process. For achievement of this purpose used transformed potato plants, which expressed the SUC2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding of invertase apoplastic localization. The SUC2 -target gene presence and its expression were shown using PCR and RT-PCR. Yeast invertase were identified by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. A soluble form of the yeast invertase was present in the extracellular space, and it was weakly adsorbed onto the cellular wall. Activity of yeast invertase increase the sugars content in the apoplast and leaves of the transformed plants and led to changes in their morphometric parameters. The increase in the essential acid invertase activity in the leaves, revealed during exposure at 5 ºC for 3 days indicates significant changes in the carbohydrate metabolism. The exposures at -7 ºC for 0.5 h produced a significant less lipid peroxidation activity in the transformed plants, as compared to the control. Our data indicate higher resistance of transformed plants to severe LT conditions. This fact allows us to consider apoplastic invertase as a stress enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism playing an important regulatory role upon forming increased potato plant resistance to LT.
Interactive comment on “Mesoscale modelling of water vapour in the tropical UTLS: two case studies from the HIBISCUS campaign” by

This paper reports an effort of using the mesoscale model BRAMS to simulate the water vapor distribution in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). In order to evaluate the model’s performance, two sets of balloon-borne measurements and also the results of ECMWF model that has comparatively coarse-resolution than BRAMS have been compared against the BRAMS results. In addition, several sensitivity simulations, formulated by either adopting simpliﬁed microphysical scheme in the BRAMS model or changing the resolutions of ECMWF model, have been carried out. The authors demonstrate that the BRAMS is able to reproduce to a certain degree the variability as well as the actual proﬁles of measured temperature and water vapor in the lower and middle TTL, attributed primarily to its ﬁne resolution. Quite interestingly,
Bioproducts from Potatoes. A Review

Abstract The increasing amount of food waste througout the world is becoming a major problem for waste management plants. The food waste produced amounts to 1.3 million tons a year. This is a resource that could be used for production of new products. Decreasing fossil resources and a rapidly growing population lead to the necessity to produce more food and to replace existing with new materials ones that are biological and produce little effect on environment. Bioeconomy is a method that can help achieve production of value-added products that use local resources and waste to manufacture products efficiently. In this article, we are looking at possibilities to use potatoes for production of new materials, such as bioplastics, antioxidants, proteins, instead of their conventional use for food production. We have studied potato components, extraction technologies and summed up possible directions for development for new products, looking at the use of processing waste as a raw material.
Examining Safety and Usability of Virtual Reality for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication difficulties and the presence of repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. Virtual Reality (VR) systems have highly desirable features for delivering interventions to individuals with ASD. In particular, they can offer high levels of authenticity and realism, which in turn, can improve the ecological validity of interventions. They also provide a relatively inexpensive way to practice and learn skills in a personalized, controlled, and safe setting. There is, however, a significant gap in understanding how VR environments are experienced by individuals with ASD. To address this, the objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the safety and usability of head-mounted VR for children with ASD, and (2) discover demographic and phenotypic predictors of VR usability and safety in ASD. Ultimately, the findings can inform the design of personalized VR-based interventions for this population.
Quaternary Ammonium Salts Based on (-)-Borneol as Effective Inhibitors of In uenza Virus

Anastasiya Sokolova (  a.s_sokolova@mail.ru ) Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS: Novosibirskij institut organiceskoj himii imeni N N Vorozcova SO RAN https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5227-9996 Olga Yarovaya Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS: Novosibirskij institut organiceskoj himii imeni N N Vorozcova SO RAN Darya Baranova Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS: Novosibirskij institut organiceskoj himii imeni N N Vorozcova SO RAN Anastasiya Galochkina Sankt-Peterburgskij naučno-issledovatel'skij institut èpidemiologii i mikrobiologii imeni Pastera: SanktPeterburgskij naucno-issledovatel'skij institut epidemiologii i mikrobiologii imeni Pastera Marina Kireeva Saint-Petersburg State University: Sankt-peterburgskij gosudarstvennyj universitet Anna Shtro Sankt-Peterburgskij naučno-issledovatel'skij institut èpidemiologii i mikrobiologii imeni Pastera: SanktPeterburgskij naucno-issledovatel'skij institut epidemiologii i mikrobiologii imeni Pastera Sophia Borisevich Ufa Institute of Chemistry RAS: U mskij Institut himii RAN Yuriy Gatilov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Vladimir Zarubaev Sankt-Peterburgskij naučno-issledovatel'skij institut èpidemiologii i mikrobiologii imeni Pastera: SanktPeterburgskij naucno-issledovatel'skij institut epidemiologii i mikrobiologii imeni Pastera Nariman Salakhutdinov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry
Promoting civic political engagement among marginalized urban youth in three cities: Strategies and challenges

Over the past decade and more, there has been a signi ﬁ cant emphasis in western societies on policy processes to engage youth in civic and political life. Concerns about the extent to which marginalized urban young people in particular have become disengaged from civic and political life has been a common, and contested, theme in youth policy. Currently, there is a dearth of literature exploring how policy provisions have been translated into practice on the ground. In this paper, we draw on semi-structured interviews with 66 policymakers, public o ﬃ cials, and youth work practitioners in London, Belfast, and Dublin to explore the strategies used to engage urban youth and to identify the key challenges associated with these e ﬀ orts. The strategies used in youth engagement e ﬀ orts include youth work, deliberative forums, volunteerism, arts, sports and media, non-formal education and technology and social media. Challenges associated with youth civic and political engagement include youth alienation from their communities and institutions, capacity and resource limitations, ritual rather than real engagement and challenges of inclusion.
Cytotoxic Function of Human NK Cells Regulated Kinase Activation, Leading to CD16-Triggered Syk and Extracellular CD94/NKG2-A Inhibitory Complex Blocks

The CD94/NKG2-A complex is the inhibitory receptor for the nonclassical MHC class I molecule HLA-E on human NK cells. Here we studied the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory activity of CD94/NKG2-A on NK cell functions by analyzing its interference on CD16-initiated signaling pathways involved in the control of cytolytic activity. Both tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Syk kinase together with tyrosine phosphorylation of CD16 receptor z subunit are markedly inhibited by the coengagement of CD94/NKG2-A complex. As a downstream consequence, CD94/NKG2-A cross-linking impairs the CD16-induced activation of extracellular regulated kinases (ERKs), a pathway involved in NK cytotoxic function. The block of ERK activation is exerted at an early, PTK-dependent stage in the events leading to p21 ras activation, as the CD16-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc adaptor protein and the formation of Shc/Grb-2 complex are abrogated by CD94/NKG2-A simultaneous engagement. Our observations indicate that CD94/NKG2-A inhibits the CD16-triggered activation of two signaling pathways involved in the cytotoxic activity of NK cells. They thus provide molecular evidence to explain the inhibitory function of CD94/NKG2-A receptor on NK effector functions. The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 162: 7181–7188.
Determining Interface Dielectric Losses in Superconducting Coplanar-Waveguide Resonators

Superconducting quantum computing architectures comprise resonators and qubits that experience energy loss due to two-level systems (TLS) in bulk and interfacial dielectrics. Understanding these losses is critical to improving performance in superconducting circuits. In this work, we present a method for quantifying the TLS losses of different bulk and interfacial dielectrics present in superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonators. By combining statistical characterization of sets of specifically designed CPW resonators on isotropically etched silicon substrates with detailed electromagnetic modeling, we determine the separate loss contributions from individual material interfaces and bulk dielectrics. This technique for analyzing interfacial TLS losses can be used to guide targeted improvements to qubits, resonators, and their superconducting fabrication processes.
University of Birmingham Tell it like it is in SME teams

This article examines the relationship between the deterioration of working conditions concomitant with macroeconomic turbulence and employees’ citizenship, i.e. discretionary effort, towards the organisation. In particular, this study focuses on teams and how to redress the employee backlash against the increasing adversity experienced. Having collected data from 151 employees in 23 Cypriot small and medium enterprise teams during a macroeconomic crisis, the findings demonstrate that adverse working conditions relate negatively to discretionary effort only for those teams with low and moderate levels of information sharing. The study highlights the vital role of team information sharing in dampening the negative workplace repercussions of a deeply recessional economy.
This information is current as Allergic Asthma in Mice an Important Role in the Regulation of Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor Plays

Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is an anti-inﬂammatory protein that is observed at high levels in asthma patients. Resiquimod, a TLR7/8 ligand, is protective against acute and chronic asthma, and it increases SLPI expression of macrophages in vitro. However, the protective role played by SLPI and the interactions between the SLPI and resiquimod pathways in the immune response occurring in allergic asthma have not been fully elucidated. To evaluate the role of SLPI in the development of asthma phenotypes and the effect of resiquimod treatment on SLPI, we assessed airway resistance and inﬂammatory parameters in the lungs of OVA-induced asthmatic SLPI transgenic and knockout mice and in mice treated with resiquimod. Compared with wild-type mice, allergic SLPI transgenic mice showed a decrease in lung resistance ( p , 0.001), airway eosinophilia ( p , 0.001), goblet cell hyperplasia ( p , 0.001), and plasma IgE levels ( p , 0.001). Allergic SLPI knockout mice displayed phenotype changes signiﬁcantly more severe compared with wild-type mice. These phenotypes included lung resistance ( p , 0.001), airway eosinophilia ( p , 0.001), goblet cell hyperplasia ( p , 0.001), cytokine levels in the lungs ( p , 0.05), and plasma IgE levels ( p , 0.001). Treatment of asthmatic transgenic mice with resiquimod increased the expression of SLPI and decreased inﬂammation in the lungs; resiquimod treatment was still effective in asthmatic SLPI knockout mice. Taken together, our study showed that the expression of SLPI protects against allergic asthma phenotypes, by resiquimod SLPI expression,
Ca 2 1 -dependent activation of c- jun NH 2 -terminal kinase in primary rabbit proximal tubule epithelial cells

Ca 2 1 -dependent activation of c- jun NH 2 -terminal kinase in primary rabbit proximal tubule epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 279: C403–C409, 2000. —Previous work from this laboratory demonstrated that arachidonic acid activates c- jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK) through oxidative interme- diates in a Ca 2 1 -independent manner (Cui X and Douglas JG. Arachidonic acid activates c- jun N-terminal kinase through NADPH oxidase in rabbit proximal tubular epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 3771–3776, 1997.). We now report that JNK can also be activated via a Ca 2 1 dependent mechanism by agents that increase the cytosolic Ca 2 1 concentration (Ca 2 1 ionophore A 23187 , Ca 2 1 -ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin) or deplete intracellular Ca 2 1 stores [intracellular Ca 2 1 chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N 9 ,N 9 -tetraacetic acid (BAPTA)-AM]. The activation of JNK by BAPTA-AM occurs despite a decrease in cytosolic Ca 2 1 concentration as detected by the indicator dye fura 2, but appears to be related to Ca 2 1 metabolism, because mod-iﬁcation of BAPTA with two methyl groups increases not only the chelation afﬁnity for Ca 2 1 , but also the potency for JNK activation. BAPTA-AM stimulates Ca 2 1 inﬂux across the plasma membrane, and the resulting local Ca 2 1 increases are probably involved in activation of JNK because Ca 2 1 inﬂux inhibitors (SKF-96365, nifedipine) and lowering of the free extracellular Ca 2 1 concentration with EGTA reduce the BAPTA-induced JNK activation.
Accuracy of Combined Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and Cervical Cytology Testing as a Primary Screening Tool for Cervical Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: The performance of combined testing visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and cervical cytology tests might differ from one setting to another. The average estimate of the testing accuracy across studies is informative, but no meta-analysis has been carried out to assess this combined method. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the average sensitivity and specificity of the combined VIA and cervical cytology tests for the detection of cervical precancerous lesions. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis, according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Diagnostic Test Accuracy. We considered two cases. In the either-positive result case, a positive result implies positivity in at least one of the tests. A negative result implies negativity in both tests. In the both-positive case, a positive result implies having both tests positive. Eligible studies were identified using Pubmed, Embase, Website of Science, CINHAL and COCRANE databases. True positive, false positive, false negative and true negative values were extracted. Estimates of sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative likelihood (LR) and diagnostic odds ratios (DOR) were pooled using a hierarchical random effect model. Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) were generated and heterogeneity was verified through covariates potentially influencing the diagnostic odds ratio. Findings: Nine studies fulfilled inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Pooled estimates of the sensitivities of the combined tests in either-positive and both-positive cases were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83-0.90) and 0.38 (95% CI: 0.29-0.48), respectively. Corresponding specificities were 0.79 (95% CI: 0.63-0.89) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-0.99) respectively. The DORs of the combined tests in either-positive or both-positive result cases were 27.7 (95% CI: 12.5-61.5) and 52 (95% CI: 22.1-122.2), respectively. When including only articles without partial verification bias and also a high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia as a threshold of the disease, DOR of combined test in both-positive result cases remained the highest. However, DORs decreased to 12.1 (95% CI: 6.05-24.1) and 13.8 (95% CI: 7.92-23.9) in studies without partial verification bias for the combined tests in the either-positive and both-positive result cases, respectively. The screener, the place of study and the size of the population significantly influenced the DOR of combined tests in the both-positive result case in restriction analyses that considered only articles with CIN2+ as disease threshold. Conclusions: The combined test in the either-positive result case has a high sensitivity, but a low specificity. These results suggest that the combined test should be considered in developing countries as a primary screening test if facilities exist to confirm, through colposcopy and biopsy, a positive result.
STRUCTURAL FLEXBILITY OF THE MACROPHAGE DENGUE VIRUS RECEPTOR CLEC5A: IMPLICATIONS FOR LIGAND BINDING AND SIGNALING

distribution reflects a tight right-handed dimer of helices across the simulations. A model of how ligand binding could trigger signaling: 1. Ligand binding event (“L”) promotes twisting conformational change. 2. Twisting movement promotes movement of the transmembrane helix of CLEC5A within the membrane. 3. This movement alters the interaction with DAP12, possibly by changing the screw angle between the two transmembrane helices. 4. This change might
-substituted Sr O 6- as Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

: Lanthanum-substituted La x Sr 2-3 x /2 Fe 1.5 Ni 0.1 Mo 0.4 O 6- δ (La x SFNM, x =0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) oxides were syn-thesized by the solid-state reaction method, and investigated as potential anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells(SOFC). X-ray diffraction patterns of as-synthesized powders confirm the formation of the cubic perovskite structure. Reduction in H 2 promotes the segregation of nano-scale metallic Fe-Ni alloy particles on the grain surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicate that increasing La 3+ dopants results in a decrease in the density of the exsolved nanoparticulates. Based upon impedance measurements on symmetrical fuel cells, the anode polarization resistance decreases with the La 3+ dopant increasing, and attains a minimal value of 0.16  ∙cm 2 for La 0.3 SFNM at 750 ℃ , followed by a slight increase to 0.17  ∙cm 2 for La 0.4 SFNM. The highest catalytic activity of La 0.3 SFNM toward electro-oxidation of hydrogen fuels could be ascribed to the synergy between the exsolved Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticulates and the supporting La x SFNM oxides. Thin La 0.9 Sr 0.1 Ga 0.8 Mg 0.2 O 3 ( LSGM) electrolyte fuel cells with La 0.3 SFNM anodes and SmBa 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 2 O 6 cathodes exhibit the highest power densities, e.g. , 1.26, 0.90 and 0.52 W∙cm -2 at 750, 650 and 550 ℃ , respectively. These results demonstrate La 0.3 SFNM oxide as a promising high performance
Estimation of effect of sugarcane bagasse biochar amendment in landfill soil cover on geotechnical properties and landfill gas emission

In a sanitary landfill, the final cover plays an important role in reducing the landfill gas emission to the atmosphere and in preventing the ingress of rainwater into the dumped waste. The present study investigated the suitability of sugarcane bagasse biochar as an amendment to the cover soil to improve the required landfill liner properties. The amended cover soil sugarcane bagasse (SSB) was tested for its stability and effectiveness, in terms of both geotechnical properties and methane mitigation efficiency. The effects of amending 15%, 20%, and 25% of sugarcane bagasse biochar (passing through 300 micron Indian Standard sieve) on the geotechnical properties of the SSB indicated that the SSB with 25% biochar showed the required values as per the standard with maximum dry density of 1.57 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3), liquid limit, plasticity index, and percentage of fines 48.5%, 16.3%, and 74.7%, respectively, and permeability of 0.9 × 10−7. A column study that was conducted to determine the methane emission from the cover soil showed a 65.8% reduction in the methane emission compared to that of a column without SSB cover, with a cumulative methane emission of 410 milliliters (mL) at the end of 200 hours (h). On the other hand, the volume of methane emitted after 310 h from the column without cover and with the SSB cover was 1850 mL and 692 mL, respectively. The difference between these two values is found to be 22% of the total methane that the cover would have handled in its lifetime (5267 mL). Thus, there is an increase in the percentage of methane adsorption by soil cover from 15% to 22% when the soil was amended with 25% sugarcane bagasse biochar.
Comparative evaluation of the effect of different growth media on in vitro sensitivity to azithromycin in multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic �brosis patients

Long-term treatment with azithromycin is a therapeutic option in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients chronically infected with P. aeruginosa. It was recently shown that azithromycin has direct antimicrobial activity when P. aeruginosa isolates are tested in Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium supplemented with fetal calf serum (RPMI 1640/FCS) by broth microdilution. We now investigated whether (i) azithromycin might also be active against multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients and (ii) how in vitro sensitivity assays perform in synthetic cystic �brosis sputum medium (SCFM), a medium that mimics the particular CF airway environment. In 17 (59%) out of 29 MDR P. aeruginosa CF isolates MICs for azithromycin ranged between 0.25 and 8 µg/ml and 12 isolates (41%) showed a MIC ≥ 512 µg/ml when measured in RPMI/FCS. In contrast, MICs were ≥ 256 µg/ml for all P. aeruginosa MDR isolates when tested in either SCFM or in conventional cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton Broth. High MIC values observed in CF adapted medium SCFM for both PAO1 and MDR P. aeruginosa CF isolates, as opposed to �ndings in RPMI, argue against routine azithromycin MIC testing of CF isolates. (12). The results warrant further assessment of the in vivo e�cacy of azithromycin in the subgroup of MDR P. aeruginosa infected CF patients in prospective clinical trial.
Cerebral Blood Flow in the Visual and Parieto-insular Vestibular Corticies in the Patients after Cerebral Ischemia with or Without Dizziness International Journal of Neurological Disorders & Interventions

Background : Post stroke dizziness may be unexpectedly severe. Observations in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia suggested that dizziness episodes are attributable to a decrease in the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the visual cortex due to remote effects from the parieto-insular-vestibular cortex (PIVC). Methods : We studied cerebral blood flow in 15 patients who did- (group 1) and 15 who did not (group 2) experience dizziness since the onset of cerebral infarction. Results : Comparison of the 2 groups at rest showed a significant decrease in CBF in the visual cortices (right and left, p < 0.001), the PIVC (right, p = 0.026; left, p = 0.040), and the left temporal lobe (p = 0.042) in group 1. After acetazolamide (ACZ) loading, CBF was decreased significantly only in both visual cortices (right, p = 0.044; left, p = 0.004) of group 1. Conclusion : Our findings indicate that the visual cortex and PIVC were strongly implicated in dizziness after cerebral ischemia.