Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning tools to develop cultural intelligence for SMFEs: the role of social cognitive processes

Purpose of the paper: The aim of this paper is to investigate how SMFEs can develop cultural intelligence (CQ) from international experience (IE) using Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory as a theoretical framework. Methodology: The study involved the submission of a questionnaire to 150 owner-managers of Italian SMFEs. Participants were selected on the basis of a proportional quota sampling. Moderated multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Findings: The study shows that a learning method based on the observation of the link between behaviors of external economic agents and consequences of such behaviors can support SMFEs in developing CQ to inform decision-making activities and drive improvement in the internationalization process. Research limits: The weight of each dimension is highly dependent on the context and time of the analysis and this may create some problems in the generalization of the findings. Potential bias may occur due to self-report surveys. Practical implications: The findings reveal that, through observational learning, SMFEs are more likely to acquire and accumulate cultural and marketspecific knowledge able to compensate their knowledge constraints in terms of internationalization. Originality of the paper: The present study is the first attempt to explicitly examine the moderating effect of Social Cognitive Theory on the relationship between IE and CQ in family businesses. Yet to date, no research has empirically tested these links.
An investigation of salmonid host utilization by the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in north‐west Scotland

1. The complex life cycle of the globally threatened Margaritifera margaritifera includes a parasitic stage, where glochidia attach to the gills of fishes of the genus Salmo; however, the species of Salmo used appears to vary across its range. In previous literature the reported primary host in Scotland, home to a high proportion of the world's remaining M. margaritifera populations, is the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, and in its absence the brown trout Salmo trutta. 2. In this study, the prevalence of infection in putative Salmo hosts in eight rivers in north‐west Scotland was determined. At a selected site on each river, where both S. trutta and S. salar were collected in abundance, S. trutta was the preferred host. 3. At sites where S. salar were abundant but S. trutta were at low density, however, S. salar showed a high prevalence of infection (with the exception of one river where neither S. salar nor S. trutta were infected). Thus, the primary host appears to be very site‐specific in the rivers sampled. 4. We speculate that this may be because M. margaritifera have population‐specific responses to cues for attachment to a host. Alternatively, it may be that host population‐specific immune responses mediate infections by glochidia. In addition, larger fish were less likely to be infected than smaller fish, and gills 1 and 5 were less heavily infected than gills 2–4. 5. One consequence of this finding, for both national and international conservation management of this globally endangered species, is that any current or future management activity must take into account local population host preferences, otherwise conservation efforts may be in vain.
Lu-atom-ordered oxonitridoaluminosilicate Ba0.9Ce0.1LuAl0.2Si3.8N6.9O0.1

A single crystal of Ba0.9Ce0. 1LuAl0.2Si3. 8N6.9O0. 1 (barium cerium lutetium aluminosilicate nitride oxide) was obtained by heating a mixed powder of Ba3N2, Si3N4, Al, Lu2O3, and CeO2 at 2173 K for 1 h under N2 gas at 0.85 MPa. X-ray single-crystal structure analysis revealed that the title oxynitride is hexagonal and isostructural with BaYbSi4N7. (Ba,Ce) and Lu atoms occupy twelvefold and sixfold coordination sites, respectively.
Cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous regulation of beta cell mass expansion

Diabetes mellitus affects approximately 150 million people worldwide. This disease is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from dysfunctional pancreatic beta cells. Current treatments for diabetics are inadequate because they often do not prevent complications associated with the disease; therefore, considerable efforts are focused on derivation of beta cells from embryonic stem cells. Accomplishing this requires a precise understanding of beta cell development and the molecular control of beta cell expansion in vivo. We addressed these approaches in two ways: first, we analyzed the requirement for neural crest (NC) derivatives in regulating beta cell maturation and second, we determined that the transcription factor Foxd3 is required for beta cell mass expansion
Geostatistical and deterministic methods for rainfall interpolation in the Zayandeh Rud basin, Iran

ABSTRACT A new approach to select a model for fitting to a seasonal daily average rainfall semi-variogram was developed in this study by interpolating rainfall using geostatistical methods. Using two deterministic algorithms (Thiessen polygon, THI and inverse distance weighting, IDW) and two geostatistical algorithms (ordinary kriging, ORK and universal kriging, UNK) based on a rain gauge network, a 20-year daily and annual rainfall time series was generated for the Zayandeh Rud Dam Basin (Isfahan, Iran). Seven models were fitted to the experimental semi-variogram. Evaluation criteria – root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R) – identified that the Gaussian model is the best fit to the experimental semi-variogram. The ORK and UNK algorithms performed better in generating data when network sizes of 27, 15 or 10 gauges were used, whereas THI produced better results at a network size of five gauges. The results show that increasing the number of gauges does not necessarily produce better estimates, and stochastic methods are more sensitive than deterministic algorithms to network size.
Frequency comb solutions for driven χ(2) optical microresonators

Frequency combs in χ(2) optical microresonators caused by cascaded second-order nonlinear processes currently attract great research interest. In contrast to χ(3) resonators, two light amplitudes relevant to the first and second harmonics (FH and SH), two dispersion coefficients, and a considerable difference of the FH and SH group velocities (the walk-off) must be taken into account to investigate localized coherent structures (solitons) propagating with a common velocity. Finding such comb solutions taking into account external pumping is a crucial step toward the χ(2) combs. We report on two new families of driven soliton-comb solutions for χ(2) microresonators. They are strongly localized, corresponding to spectrally broad combs, and possess well-defined FH and SH frequency detunings, propagation velocities, and, generally, nonzero spatial backgrounds.
Elastic reverse time migration of prismatic waves for surface topography based on decoupled elastic wave equations in the curvilinear coordinates

Steeply dipping structures bring huge challenges in high-resolution imaging. The imaging of the steeply dipping structures can be improved by incorporating the prismatic waves, which has some steeply dipping structure information where primaries cannot contain. In this paper, an elastic reverse time migration of prismatic waves (ERTM-P) is proposed to produce high-resolution multi-component images of steeply dipping structures with complete compressional (P-) and shear (S-) wave illumination of the subsurface. To avoid severe spurious diffraction caused by dramatic surface topography, the velocities are meshed into curvilinear grids and migration is conducted in curvilinear coordinates. In addition, the imaging conditions of prismatic waves in P- and S-components are derived using the decoupled curvilinear-coordinated elastic equations to suppress the imaging artefact from P- and S-wave crosstalk. In numerical examples, we use an elastic horizontal- and vertical-layer model, topographic elastic sag model and salt dome model with surface topography to demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately handle with the dramatic surface topography and obtains high-quality multi-component images by improving the images of steeply dipping structures.
Errors in multiple variables in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cohort and electronic health record data: statistical challenges and opportunities

Abstract Objectives: Observational data derived from patient electronic health records (EHR) data are increasingly used for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) research. There are challenges to using these data, in particular with regards to data quality; some are recognized, some unrecognized, and some recognized but ignored. There are great opportunities for the statistical community to improve inference by incorporating validation subsampling into analyses of EHR data.Methods: Methods to address measurement error, misclassification, and missing data are relevant, as are sampling designs such as two-phase sampling. However, many of the existing statistical methods for measurement error, for example, only address relatively simple settings, whereas the errors seen in these datasets span multiple variables (both predictors and outcomes), are correlated, and even affect who is included in the study.Results/Conclusion: We will discuss some preliminary methods in this area with a particular focus on time-to-event outcomes and outline areas of future research.
Temperature annual cycle variations and responses to surface solar radiation in China between 1960 and 2016

The annual temperature cycle affects atmospheric circulation, biomass cycling, and human life. Its variation is influenced by surface solar radiation, which plays a key role in surface energy budgets. In this study, the Fourier transform method is used to analyse the spatial distribution and long‐term variations in temperature phase, amplitude, and baseline terms between 1960 and 2016 in China. Mean surface air temperature has a north–south gradient for phase, amplitude, and baseline. The regional mean phase values of the maximum, minimum, and mean temperatures in South China are larger than in North China, indicating that the timing of the annual cycle in Southern China is several days later than in Northern China. At the national scale, the annual maximum, minimum, and mean surface air temperature cycles are advancing, decreasing in range, and have a rising baseline. Linear regression is used to quantify the effect of surface solar radiation on temperature by removing its contribution on the raw maximum and mean temperatures. The surface solar radiation increases the phase of maximum and mean daily air temperatures, but reduces the amplitude and baseline. The surface solar radiation effect on maximum temperature is especially significant on the Yunnan‐Guizhou Plateau located in the south‐southwest. The phase of maximum temperature adjusted for solar radiation for the Plateau is similar to South China at the same latitude and later than the raw maximum temperature.
Morphological changes in the structure and function of the feeding appendages and foregut of the larvae and first juvenile of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium acanthurus

The present study describes the morphological changes of the mouthparts and foregut of the freshwater prawn M. acanthurus that occur during the development of the larvae and first juvenile. The results indicate that the zoeae I have mouthparts with reduced setae and a structureless foregut that indicates obligatory lecithotrophic behaviour. There is an increase in the number of setae in these structures between the zoea II and the juvenile stage, indicating the adaptation of the organism for feeding. More complex structural alterations were observed in the first juvenile, which acquires benthonic habits, which ensure the capture and ingestion of a diversity of feeding resources found in the substrate.
Correction: Polymerization-induced self-assembly via RAFT in emulsion: effect of Z-group on the nucleation step

Correction for ‘Polymerization-induced self-assembly via RAFT in emulsion: effect of Z-group on the nucleation step’ by Thiago R. Guimarães et al., Polym. Chem., 2021, 12, 122–133, DOI: 10.1039/D0PY01311K.
Two ways to be endemic. Alps and Apennines are different functional refugia during climatic cycles

Endemics co‐occur because they evolved in situ and persist regionally or because they evolved ex situ and later dispersed to shared habitats, generating evolutionary or ecological endemicity centres, respectively. We investigate whether different endemicity centres can intertwine in the region ranging from Alps to Sicily, by studying their butterfly fauna. We gathered an extensive occurrence data set for butterflies of the study area (27,123 records, 269 species, in cells of 0.5 × 0.5 degrees of latitude‐longitude). We applied molecular‐based delimitation methods (GMYC model) to 26,557 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences of Western Palearctic butterflies. We identified entities based on molecular delimitations and/or the checklist of European butterflies and objectively attributed occurrences to their most probable entity. We obtained a zoogeographic regionalisation based on the 69 endemics of the area. Using phylogenetic ANOVA we tested if endemics from different centres differ from each other and from nonendemics for key ecological traits and divergence time. Endemicity showed high incidence in the Alps and Southern Italy. The regionalisation separated the Alps from the Italian Peninsula and Sicily. The endemics of different centres showed a high turnover and differed in phylogenetic distances, phenology and distribution traits. Endemics are on average younger than nonendemics and the Peninsula‐Sicily endemics also have lower variance in divergence than those from the Alps. The observed variation identifies Alpine endemics as paleoendemics, now occupying an ecological centre, and the Peninsula‐Sicily ones as neoendemics, that diverged in the region since the Pleistocene. The results challenge the common view of the Alpine‐Apennine area as a single “Italian refugium”.
New results concerning to approximate controllability of Hilfer fractional neutral stochastic delay integro‐differential systems

This manuscript is mainly focusing on the approximate controllability of Hilfer fractional neutral stochastic integro‐differential equation with infinite delay. We study our primary outcomes by utilizing the theoretical concepts related to the fractional calculus and Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem. First, we prove the approximate controllability of the fractional evolution system. Then, we extend our results to the concept of nonlocal conditions. Last, we provide a theoretical application to assist in the effectiveness of the discussion.
Diversifying Malaysia Portfolio With Digital Currency: Evidence With Bitcoin

Digital currencies, despite its reputation of not being actual money by conventional definition, has found its way in the market. Although the initial issuer of digital currency like Bitcoin was not known and had no tie with central banks or any financial institutions, the digital currency is trending dynamically despite it being volatile. Many researchers found that its low correlation to stocks makes it a good complementary new financial instrument to be added to traditional assets such as stocks or gold. Owing to the reason, the objectives of this study are twofold; first, to observe the performance of the ‘new’ portfolio, and second, to examine the appropriate weight that should be allocated. Considering Bitcoins and conventional resources such as KLSE Index, Emas (gold), and oil price, this research used the return/risk and Sharpe ratio. It is found that a portfolio that combines Bitcoin, KLSE Index, Emas (gold), and oil performed well when the weight allocation for the digital currency is higher (in this context, 30 to 50 per cent). Also, by building an efficient frontier portfolio using the mean-CVaR approach, it is suggested that Bitcoins should be at a minimum of 3 per cent to ensure the portfolio is compensated by the appropriate return. 2357-1330 © 2020 Published by European Publisher.
Structural design and its thermal management performance for battery modules based on refrigerant cooling method

The structural design of a refrigerant plate and its flow property affect the thermal management performance of a battery. This study, aimed at improving the cooling and thermal uniformity based on the R134a cooling method, analyzed the flow resistance of the plate, temperature, and heat‐transfer coefficient of the top board of eight types (type A‐G) by the computational fluid dynamics method. By trade‐off between flow resistance and heat‐transfer efficiency, we determined the optimal type G plate with a modest pressure difference of 1670.6 Pa and the highest heat‐transfer coefficient of 810.8 W/(m2 K). In addition, the relationship between the operating parameters and temperature variation in battery modules and its uniformity has also been analyzed. The results indicate that with this novel cooling method, temperature uniformity of battery modules can be maintained within 5 K at 2C discharging rate. Both increasing inlet R134a flow rate and decreasing evaporative pressure obviously increase the temperature decrease rate of battery modules. With the inlet R134a mass flux ranging from 245 to 490 kg/(m2 s), the evaporative pressure ranging from 412 530 to 291 220 Pa, and the subcooling degree ranging from 0 to 4 K, the battery temperature can be maintained under 300 K. In conclusion, this study develops the guidelines for battery thermal management based on refrigerant cooling, which has a promising application foreground due to its good thermal control performance, flow resistance saving, and lightweight.
Guanylyl cyclase expression in specific sensory neurons: A new family of chemosensory receptors

A guanylyl cyclase (GC-D) was recently shown to be expressed in a subclass of neurons within the neuroepithelim of the rat, but given that only a single cyclase was discovered, whether it represents an odorantypheromone receptor as has been suggested for the large family of seven- transmembrane receptors remains unclear. Through cloning and expression of cDNA we now demonstrate that at least 29 genomic or cDNA sequences found in Caenorhabditis elegans represent guanylyl cyclases. Many of the membrane forms retain cysteine residues conserved within the extracellular, ligand-binding domain of known cyclase receptors. Of eight orphan cyclase receptor::GFP (green fluroescence protein) fusion constructs for which signals were obtained, all were expressed in specific sensory neurons. Furthermore, a cy- claseyGFP fusion protein (GCY-10yGFP) was principally expressed in the sensory cilium, suggesting these cyclases function as primary chemosensory receptors. For the first time,wealsofoundthatchemosensoryneurons(ASE),known tobebilaterallysymmetric,demonstrateabsoluterightorleft sidedness with respect to the expression of three different cyclases. Thus, the guanylyl cyclases represent an unexpect- edly large and new family of sensory neuron receptors that may complement the 7-transmembrane family of odoranty pheromone receptors.
Lorentz Symmetry Group, Retardation, Intergalactic Mass Depletion and Mechanisms Leading to Galactic Rotation Curves

The general theory of relativity (GR) is symmetric under smooth coordinate transformations, also known as diffeomorphisms. The general coordinate transformation group has a linear subgroup denoted as the Lorentz group of symmetry, which is also maintained in the weak field approximation to GR. The dominant operator in the weak field equation of GR is thus the d’Alembert (wave) operator, which has a retarded potential solution. Galaxies are huge physical systems with dimensions of many tens of thousands of light years. Thus, any change at the galactic center will be noticed at the rim only tens of thousands of years later. Those retardation effects are neglected in the present day galactic modelling used to calculate rotational velocities of matter in the rims of the galaxy and surrounding gas. The significant differences between the predictions of Newtonian instantaneous action at a distance and observed velocities are usually explained by either assuming dark matter or by modifying the laws of gravity (MOND). In this paper, we will show that, by taking general relativity seriously without neglecting retardation effects, one can explain the radial velocities of galactic matter in the M33 galaxy without postulating dark matter. It should be stressed that the current approach does not require that velocities v are high; in fact, the vast majority of galactic bodies (stars, gas) are substantially subluminal—in other words, the ratio of vc≪1. Typical velocities in galaxies are 100 km/s, which makes this ratio 0.001 or smaller. However, one should consider the fact that every gravitational system, even if it is made of subluminal bodies, has a retardation distance, beyond which the retardation effect cannot be neglected. Every natural system, such as stars and galaxies and even galactic clusters, exchanges mass with its environment, for example, the sun loses mass through solar wind and galaxies accrete gas from the intergalactic medium. This means that all natural gravitational systems have a finite retardation distance. The question is thus quantitative: how large is the retardation distance? For the M33 galaxy, the velocity curve indicates that the retardation effects cannot be neglected beyond a certain distance, which was calculated to be roughly 14,000 light years; similar analysis for other galaxies of different types has shown similar results. We demonstrate, using a detailed model, that this does not require a high velocity of gas or stars in or out of the galaxy and is perfectly consistent with the current observational knowledge of galactic and extra galactic material content and dynamics.
Environmental Regulation and Green Productivity: Evidence of the Moderating Effect of Chinese Environmental Decentralization

Environmental decentralization (ED), or the allocation of environmental protection affairs and responsibilities among various administrative authorities, affects the effectiveness of environmental regulation in promoting green total factor productivity (GTFP). Based on panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2001 to 2015, this paper employs dynamic panel models to test the effects of environmental regulations (environmental protection investment, ENV; pollutant discharge fees, PDF) on GTFP, with or without being influenced by ED. Without the impact of ED, GTFP is significantly inhibited by ENV while significantly promoted by PDF. Considering the impact of ED, with the strengthening of ED, the negative effects of ENV on GTFP is significant; contrarily, the positive effects of PDF on GTFP is significant; improving provincial ED adds negative effects of ENV, while reduces the positive effects of PDF; increasing prefectural ED reduces negative effects of ENV; expanding county-level ED adds the positive effects of PDF. Therefore, to boost GTFP growth, prefectural environmental protection authorities should have more autonomy in ENV, while the county-level should have more autonomy in PDF.