Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
This is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

A novel technique for loss of mains (LOM) detection, using Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data, is described in this paper. The technique, known as the Peak Ratio Analysis Method (PRAM), improves both sensitivity and stability of LOM protection when compared to prevailing techniques. The technique is based on a Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) measurement from M-class PMUs, but the key novelty of the method lies in the fact that it employs a new “peak-ratio” analysis of the measured ROCOF waveform during any frequency disturbance to determine whether the potentially-islanded element of the network is grid connected or not. The proposed technique is described and several examples of its operation are compared with three competing LOM protection methods that have all been widely used by industry and/or reported in the literature: standard ROCOF, Phase Offset Relay (POR) and Phase Angle Difference (PAD) methods. It is shown that the PRAM technique exhibits comparable performance to the others, and in many cases improves upon their abilities, in particular for systems where the inertia of the main power system is reduced, which may arise in future systems with increased penetrations of renewable generation and HVDC infeeds.
Compact tunable kHz-linewidth semiconductor laser stabilized with a whispering-gallery mode microresonator

We report on the realization of a compact-package (44x27x14mm) narrow linewidth laser based on self-injection locking of a distributed feedback semiconductor diode laser to a high-Q whispering gallery mode resonator fabricated with electro-optic material. The packaged device operates at 1,550 nm and offers instantaneous spectral linewidth performance smaller than 1.8 kHz for 3 mW of output power. We are able to tune the laser frequency by applying voltage to the resonator. This suggest that the technology enables fabrication of ultra narrow linewidth semiconductor lasers in a broad wavelength range of 390 nm to 2,900 nm. The laser source in a compact footprint enables a multitude of sensing, monitoring, and metrology applications where high resolution and precision and absolute accuracy are required.
Polysialylation of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule: Setting the Stage for Plasticity Across Scales of Biological Organization

In vertebrates, the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM/CD56) has 3 isoforms resulting from alternative splicing that differ by their size (120, 140 and 180 kDa) and their anchoring at the membrane. Whereas NCAM120 is glycophosphatidyl inositol anchored, NCAM140 and NCAM180 are transmembrane molecules. NCAM180 has an additional intracellular 267 amino acids insert, that differentiate it from NCAM140, but its role remains to be fully elucidated. There are differences regarding the specificity and the level of expression of these isoforms in different cells of the nervous system. Whereas NCAM120 and NCAM140 are preferentially expressed in glial cells NCAM180 seems to be prevalent on neurons. Although differences in expression and function of the NCAM isoforms exist, one common denominator is that they can be post-translationally modified by the addition of long, linear chains of α2,8-linked Nacetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) residues. In vertebrates, NCAM is the major acceptor of this unique carbohydrate. This modification occurs on the fifth immunoglobulin domain of NCAM located on the extracellular part of the membrane and common to all 3 isoforms. These polysialylated isoforms have emerged as particularly attractive candidates for promoting plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS). The large negatively charged polysialic acid (PSA) chain of NCAM is postulated to be a spacer that reduces adhesion forces between cells allowing dynamic changes in membrane contacts. However, recent studies indicate that a crucial function of PSA resides in controlling interactions mediated by NCAM. Accumulating evidence also suggests that PSA-NCAM-mediated interactions lead to activation of intracellular signals fundamental to biological functions. An important role of PSA-NCAM appears to be during development, when its expression level is high and where it contributes to the regulation of cell shape, growth or migration. However, PSA-NCAM does persist in adult brain structures such as the hippocampus that display a high degree of plasticity where
THEOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ALFRED ADLER’S INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY

Alfred Adler’s individual psychology approaches the individual’s issues from an integrative-holistic perspective, emphasizing the social context in which s/he develops and lives. Adler’s psychology represents a solid scientific ground in coping with the contemporary world’s multiple issues, stressing the importance of developing community feeling, as a decisive factor in democratic social life and in individual mental health. The necessity of mutual acceptance and support, based on the social equality principle, represents a value and action-like framework indispensable to the improvement of the human condition. In Adler’s opinion, personality, as a complete and indivisible unity driven by goals, integrates the conscious and the unconscious in the socalled lifestyle dynamic construct, an important indicator of the psychosocial quality of individuality. The concept of God, as the ultimate human goal, constitutes an ideal to perfection, showing the way to be followed towards an ideal society. Endeavoring to unify with God, the individual will be able to defeat the constant inferiority feelings and imperfection, reaching self-achievement ‘on the useful side of life’. Emphasizing the significant role of religion in social life, individual psychology assumes that the main function of religion is to develop social community feeling, thus contributing to the development of humankind. The concepts of community feeling and social equality represent the very essence of the interconnection between Adler’s psychology and theology, especially with Pastoral theology. Self-development and community feeling positively influence each other, providing self-efficiency and a social life of high quality. Under these circumstances, the individual becomes able to cooperate with God and other people, contributing effectively to the improvement of human social life in a world deeply affected by globalization processes and a comprehensive crisis. Holistic theological practice can contribute to the productive compensation of inferiority feelings, driving the individual towards culture acts and pro-social behavior, to establishing a lifestyle characterized by a high spiritual level and thus getting closer to God.
Nationalizations and effciency

We develop a theoretical model in which firms are either private or state-owned. When firms become insolvent, the government can intervene with general measures, like subsidies, or by nationalizing firms. The government only intervenes when the bankruptcy of a firm entails social costs. In a stylized model, we analyze how government interventions affect allocative and productive efficiency. Nationalization of private firms in case unprofitable investments were made, leads to increased allocative efficiency despite private ownership. The effort level chosen by the managers working for firms is also affected by government intervention with an impact on productive efficiency. JEL Codes: L33, P31, P51.
Designing oil palm landscapes to retain biodiversity using insights from a key ecological indicator group

Oil palm expansion threatens biodiverse ecosystems across the tropics. However, palm oil is a widely used and profitable crop, so identifying strategies that mitigate the impact of oil palm expansion on biodiversity is important. Riparian reserves (strips of forest along rivers) are protected in many countries for hydrological reasons and also support species that would not otherwise persist in oil palm. However, management guidelines for riparian zones have been informed by relatively few ecological studies. We assessed how the structural features and landscape context of riparian reserves in Sabah, Malaysia affected dung beetle communities. We also tested the use of flight intercept traps to study movement of dung beetles along linear forest corridors. Overall, dung beetle abundance in riparian reserves was 54% lower than in logged forest areas, but all species observed in the logged forest were found in at least one riparian reserve site and both species richness and diversity increased with reserve width. Distance from a large block of continuous forest affected dung beetle community composition but not species richness, abundance, or functional diversity. The amount of forest cover in the surrounding landscape improved the retention of species within riparian reserves, and increases in vegetation complexity corresponded with higher functional richness and functional dispersion. The flight intercept traps did not indicate that there is net movement of individuals out of logged forest areas into the riparian reserves. The species richness of 30 m reserves (the suggested requirement of reserves in Sabah) was only 10% lower than in logged forest, but our data indicate that riparian reserves of at least 50 – 80 m are needed for species richness and diversity to equal that in nearby logged forest. These findings, particularly if they apply more widely to forest-dependent taxa, should be taken into account when setting policy and sustainability guidelines for oil palm plantations, both in areas undergoing conversion from forest and in existing oil palm plantations where forest restoration is required.
On the Wake Properties of Segmented Trailing Edge Extensions

Changes in the amount and the distribution of mean and turbulent quantities in the free shear layer wake of a 2D NACA 0012 airfoil and AR 4 NACA 0012 wing with passive segmented rigid trailing edge (TE) extensions was investigated at the University of Dayton Low Speed Wind Tunnel (UD-LSWT). The TE extensions were intentionally placed at zero degrees with respect to the chord line to study the effects of segmented extensions without changing the effective angle of attack. Force based experiments was used to determine the total lift coefficient variation of hte wing with seven segmented trailing edge extensions distributed across the span. The segmented trailing edge extensions had negligible effect of lift coefficient but showed measurable decrement in sectional and total drag coefficient. Investigation of turbulent quantities (obtained through Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)) such as Reynolds stress, streamwise and transverse RMS in the wake, reveal a significant decrease in magnitude when compared to the baseline. The decrease in the magnitude of turbulent parameters was supported by the changes in coherent structures obtained through two-point correlations. Apart from the reduction in drag, the lower turbulent wake generated by the extensions has implications in reducing structural vibrations and acoustic tones.
Na1-dependent purine nucleoside transporter from human kidney: cloning and functional characterization

Wang, Juan, Sheng-Fang Su, Mark J. Dresser, Marci E. Schaner, Carla B. Washington, and Kathleen M. Giacomini. Na1-dependent purine nucleoside transporter from human kidney: cloning and functional characterization. Am. J. Physiol. 273 (Renal Physiol. 42): F1058–F1065, 1997. — Many purine nucleosides and their analogs are actively transported in the kidney. Using homology cloning strategies and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions, we isolated a cDNA encoding a Na1-dependent nucleoside transporter, hSPNT1, from human kidney. Functional expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes identified hSPNT1 as a Na1dependent nucleoside transporter that selectively transports purine nucleosides but also transports uridine. The Michaelis constant (Km) of uridine (80 μM) in interacting with hSPNT1 was substantially higher than that of inosine (4.5 μM). hSPNT1 (658 amino acids) is 81% identical to the previously cloned rat Na1-nucleoside transporter, SPNT, but differs markedly from SPNT in terms of its primary structure in the NH2 terminus. In addition, an Alu repetitive element (,282 bp) is present in the 38-untranslated region of the hSPNT1 cDNA. Northern analysis revealed that multiple transcripts of hSPNT1 are widely distributed in human tissues including human kidney. In contrast, rat SPNT transcripts are absent in kidney and highly localized to liver and intestine. The hSPNT1 gene was localized to chromosome 15. This is the first demonstration of a purine nucleoside transporter in human kidney.
Dielectric Properties and Microwave Drying of Tomato Slice

Dielectric properties of tomato slices are highly useful for predicting the heating rates and behaviour of the materials when subjected to high frequency electromagnetic waves. Dielectric properties of tomato slice (6 mm) at different moisture contents such 10, 30, 50 and 70% (w.b) were determined by using microwave spectroscopy. The corresponding dielectric properties like dielectric constant (e') and dielectric loss (e.) were observed. The result showed that both dielectric constant (77 to 7.2) and dielectric loss (48 to 3.4) decreased with increase in frequency from 200 MHz to 200 GHz. Drying of tomato slices were carried out at 50, 60, 70oC by using two methods namely microwave assisted vacuum dryer and microwave assisted hot air dryer at the selected temperatures. From the study, it was found that the time taken for drying of tomato slice in microwave assisted vacuum was lower (150, 100 and 70 min) when compared to microwave assisted hot air drying at 50, 60 and 70oC, respectively.
Secure High Dynamic Range Images

In this paper, a tone mapping algorithm is proposed to produce LDR (Limited Dynamic Range) images from HDR (High Dynamic Range) images. In the approach, non-linear functions are applied to compress the dynamic range of HDR images. Security tools will be then applied to the resulting LDR images and their effectiveness will be tested on the reconstructed HDR images. Three specific examples of security tools are described in more details: integrity verification using hash function to compute local digital signatures, encryption for confidentiality, and scrambling technique.
Climate change impact on Agricultural productivity at the river basin-scale in Africa

This study investigates the effect of climate chang e on crop productivity, measured by net primary productivity (NPP), in Africa. Using satell ite data of crop location and NPP over 20 years, we provide a detailed panel econometric a nalysis at a small river basin scale. This river basin spatial breakdown enables us to di stinguish upstream and downstream basins and capture the response of NPP to local wea ther, but also to weather in uppercatchment areas. The analysis shows that upstream p recipitation is beneficial to NPP. The regression estimates are combined with climate chan ge predictions obtained from two general circulation models (GCMs) under two greenho use gas emissions (GHG) assumptions to evaluate the impact of climate chang e by 2100.
Diagnosing Kids on the Clinical Margins : Relationships between Early Childhood ADHD Diagnosis , Social Adjustment / Behavioral Course , and Academic Achievement among Children with Less Severe ADHD-Related Behaviors

6.4 million U.S. children are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). An increasing share of these children fall into a clinical “grey area” with regard to meeting diagnostic criteria. But, research has not examined how ADHD severity and treatments influence the association between an ADHD diagnosis and later social adjustment and academic achievement among these children. Using a sample of 7,830 kindergartners from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K), we use regression analysis with controls for early cognitive development and parent and teacher reported ADHD-related behaviors to isolate the association between an early ADHD diagnosis and later behavioral/social and academic outcomes. An ADHD diagnosis was on average associated with significantly lower social adjustment and achievement, especially among children with less severe ADHD-related behaviors. Medication only partially offset the negative diagnosis-achievement relationship. Negative social factors associated with an ADHD diagnosis may outweigh potential benefits among children with less severe ADHD-related behaviors.
Fuzzy Logic Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance by a Mobile Robot in an Unknown Dynamic Environment

Mobile robot navigation has remained an open problem over the last two decades. Mobile robots are required to navigate in unknown and dynamic environments, and in recent years the use of mobile robots in material handling has considerably increased. Usually workers push carts around warehouses and manually handle orders which is not very cost-effective. To this end, a potential method to control a swarm of mobile robots in a warehouse with static and dynamic obstacles is to use the wireless control approach. Further, to be able to control different types of mobile robots in the warehouse, the fuzzy logic control approach has been chosen. Therefore, in this paper, an on-line navigation technique for a wheeled mobile robot (WMR) in an unknown dynamic environment using fuzzy logic techniques is investigated. In this paper, we aim to use the robot in application in a warehouse. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Inflammation Markers in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome

Summary Background: The clinical value and the interrelationship of HDL and the metabolic syndrome were studied using plasma levels of TNF-a, IL 6, IL 10, IL 8, IL 1beta, IL 2R in patients with cardiovascular stenosis. Methods: On the basis of exclusion criteria, we recruited 198 male and female patients aged 45 to 75 years with CVD and 43 patients with MS. Patients were subdivided into %stenosis according to the CASS guidelines. Lipids were measured on an Olympus AU640 analyzer. Ox-LDL was measured by the immunosorbent assay and MDA by HPLC. Cytokines were analysed with DPC Immulite 1000. Statistical tests were performed using SPSS for Windows, 14.0 & Medcalc. Results: Ox-LDL and apoB were significantly higher in the MS(+) patient group (88.7 U/L) compared to the MS(-) group (77.5 U/L). Ox-LDL showed a positive correlation (P=0.001) with LDL-C, apoB and MDA. There was a higher concentration of HDL in the patient group MS(-), which was confirmed by a non-significant (P=0.849) change of apoA(I) from 1.267 g/L in the MS(+) to 1.275 g/L in the MS(-) group. A light significant increase of IL 10 (P=0.05) in MS(+) patients was observed, and the other analysed inflammation markers were mostly unchanged. MS has no direct association with the cytokine production. Conclusions: Ox-LDL and apoB were significantly higher in the MS(+) patient group. In a multiple regression analysis for ox-LDL, apoB (P=0.003) emerged as a strong predictor of the ox-LDL concentration, independent of age, gender, BMI and smoking. Kratak sadržaj Uvod: Kod pacijenata sa kardiovaskularnom stenozom, pro- učavana je klinička vrednost kao i međusobni odnos HDL i metaboličkog sindroma, pomoću nivoa TNF-a, IL 6, IL 10, IL 8, IM beta, IL2R. Metode: U skladu s kriterijumima za isključenje, obuhvaćeno je 198 pacijenata, muškog i ženskog pola, starosti između 45 i 75 godina, sa kardiovaskularnom bolešću i 43 pacijen- ta sa metaboličkim sindromom. Pacijenti su dalje podeljeni prema procentu stenoze na osnovu preporuka CASS. Lipidi su mereni na analizatoru OLYMPUS AU640. Za merenje ox-LDL korišćen je test ELISA a za MDA metoda HPLC. Citokini su analizirani na uređaju DPC IMMULITE 1000. Za statističku obradu podataka upotrebljen je SPSS za Windows, 14.0 i Medcalc. Rezultati: Ox-LDL i apo-B bili su značajno viši u grupi pacije- nata MS(+) (88,7 U/L) u poređenju s grupom MS(-) (77,5 U/L). Ox-LDL bio je u pozitivnoj korelaciji (P=0,001) sa LDL-C, apo-B i MDA. U grupi MS(-) pronađena je veća kon- centracija HDL, što je potvrdila i nesignifikantna promena (P=0,849) apo A(l) od 1.267 g/L u grupi MS(+) do 1.275 g/L u grupi MS(-). Neznatan ali značajan porast IL 10 (P=0,05) uočen je kod pacijenata MS(+), dok su ostali analizirani markeri inflamacije uglavnom bili nepromenjeni. MS nije direktno povezan s proizvodnjom citokina. Zaključak: Ox-LDL i apo-B bili su značajno viši u grupi paci- jenata MS(+). Analiza višestruke regresije za ox-LDL ukazala je na apo-B (P=0,003) kao na jak prediktor koncentracije ox-LDL, nezavisan od starosti, pola, indeksa telesne mase i pušenja.
Heart rate recovery for VF prediction post-MI 1 HEART RATE RECOVERY FOLLOWING EXERCISE: A PREDICTOR OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION SUSCEPTIBILITY AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise, thought to be related to cardiac parasympathetic tone, has been shown to be a prognostic tool for all-cause mortality. However, the relationship between this variable and confirmed susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation (VF) has not been established. Therefore, myocardial ischemia was induced by a 2 min occlusion of the left circumflex artery during the last min of exercise in mongrel dogs with myocardial infarction (n=105). Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 66 (S, susceptible) animals while the remaining 39 dogs had no arrhythmias (R, resistant). On a previous day, ECG was recorded and time series analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) was measured 30, 60, and 120 s after submaximal exercise (treadmill running). The HRR was significantly greater in resistant dogs than in susceptible dogs at all three times, with the most dramatic difference at the 30 s mark (R= 48.1 ± 3.6, S= 31.0 ± 2.2 beats per minute, change from maximum). Correspondingly, indices of parasympathetic tone increased to a significantly greater extent in resistant dogs at 30 s and 60 s post-exercise. These differences were eliminated by atropine pretreatment. When considered together, these data suggest that resistant animals exhibit a more rapid recovery of vagal activity after exercise than those susceptible to VF. As such, post-exercise HRR may help identify patients with a high risk for VF following myocardial infarction.
ADAPTIVE FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEM FOR SENSOR FUSION IN DEAD-RECKONING MOBILE ROBOT NAVIGATION

Abstract This paper presents the sensor fusion for dead-reckoning mobile robot navigation. Odometry and sonar measurement signals are fused together using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Adaptive Fuzzy Logic System (AFLS). Two methods of adaptation scheme are used, the first one uses Q and R , the second one only uses Q . The first method gives faster result than the second one. The fused signal is more accurate than any of the original signals considered separately. The enhanced, more accurate signal is used to guide and navigate the robot.
Etiology of Patellar Tendinopathy in Athletes

Objective: To review the etiology of patellar tendinopathy as it relates to clinical management of chronic patellar-tendon disease in athletes. Data Sources: Information was gathered from a MEDLINE search of literature in English using the key words patellar tendinitis, patellar tendonitis, patellar tendinosis, patellar tendinopathy, and jumper’s knee. Study Selection: All relevant peer-reviewed literature in English was reviewed. Data Synthesis: The etiology of patellar tendinopathy is multifactorial, incorporating both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Age, muscle flexibility, training program, and knee-joint dynamics have all been associated with patellar tendinopathy. The roles of gender, body morphology, and patellar mobility in patellar tendinopathy are unclear. Conclusions: The pathoetiology of patellar tendinopathy is a complex process that results from both an inflammatory response and degenerative changes. There is a tremendous need for research to improve our understanding of the pathoetiology o.