Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accident Risk among People Employed in Poland—A Retrospective Cohort Study

The article presents studies aimed at determining the relative risk of accidents at work in all age groups of employees and the trend of possible changes in risk as a function of time in the years 2008–2018. The studies were conducted on the basis of statistics of accidents at work in Poland in the years 2008–2018. The data were collected from statistical yearbooks published by the Polish Central Statistical Office. The database covered 732,460 accidents at work. A retrospective cohort analysis of the relative risks for each year and the entire population was carried out. Through sensitivity testing, changes in the summary effect resulting from the removal of a given study were determined. The group with the highest average relative risk of accidents at work (2.59) were employees aged 18–19 years. An increase in relative risk was observed among employees aged +60 years. The smallest relative risk (0.33) was determined among employees under 18 years of age, who in Poland are mainly trainees and students.
INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CORN SUBJECTED TO INCREASING NITROGEN DOSES

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals grown and consumed in the world not only for its economic value but also due to its importance in human and animal nutrition. This study aimed to assess the initial development of corn as a function of increasing nitrogen doses. The study was carried out in a greenhouse on the Sipal Farm, Confresa, MT, Brazil. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg N dm−3 soil), with four replications, conducted from April to June 2020. Four seeds of the hybrid K 9606 VIP 3 were sown per 8-L polyethylene pot. The plants were thinned at 7 days after emergence (DAE), leaving only one plant per pot. Morphological components were assessed. A significant effect was found for almost all the analyzed parameters, except for stem diameter and root dry matter. The maximum plant height, shoot fresh matter, leaf area index, shoot dry matter, root fresh matter, and root volume was obtained by applying the maximum agronomic efficiency doses of 248.83, 271.90, 336.91, 279.66, 403.92, and 272.90 mg N dm−3 soil, respectively. Nitrogen doses influenced the initial development of the corn crop.
Effect of prey selectivity and trophic cascades induced by mesozooplankton on the dynamics of phytoplankton

Mesozooplankton are key components in the marine environment, linking the microbial food web and the classic food chain. Yet uncertainties remain on how mesozooplankton mediate the dynamics of prey communities through their complex feeding patterns. To examine mesozooplankton-mediated trophic interactions, we performed shipboard incubations using food removal and dilution methods during 4 cruises in the Pearl River estuary (PRE), Southern China. Our results revealed that mesozooplankton had diverse effects on different size fractions and taxonomic groups of phytoplankton via a combination of strong feeding selectivity and trophic cascades. High ingestion rates by mesozooplankton suppressed the accumulation of microphytoplankton (>20 µm), whereas low ingestion rates by mesozooplankton and resultant trophic cascades promoted the biomass of nano-sized (2-20 µm) and pico-sized (0.7-2 µm) phytoplankton. Among phytoplankton groups, diatoms were passively selected by mesozooplankton despite their high concentrations in natural seawater, whereas dinoflagellates and cryptophytes were actively preferred by mesozooplankton in spring and autumn. Similarly, ciliates were also preferred by mesozooplankton despite their lower biomass compared to phytoplankton, which induced a trophic cascade that indirectly increased the biomass of smaller phytoplankton. The overall feeding effect of mesozooplankton on phytoplankton was determined by the balance between direct grazing rates and indirect compensation with trophic cascades. The degrees of carnivory of the mesozooplankton, which determined the strength of trophic cascades, varied among seasons, resulting in weak control of algal blooms by mesozooplankton. Our findings provide insights into the complex trophic interactions between mesozooplankton and other plankton groups in dynamic natural ecosystems.
Asymmetric importance-performance analysis: Measuring classification changes of destination attributes into basic, performance and excitement factors according to the segmentation criterion

Studies combining Asymmetric Importance-Performance Analysis (AIPA) with segmentation are scarce and no study measures the magnitude of the changes in AIPA results when using different data sets: data sets belonging to general tourists and market segments. Consequently, no study evaluates whether one segmentation criterion produces greater changes in AIPA results than another. This study quantifies classification changes of destination attributes in AIPA results according to the previous visit and the origin of the visitors. Based on a sample of 409 tourists in Puerto López (Ecuador), results showed that “nature”, “adventure”, “sun and beach”, and “culture” were basic factors, while “grastronomy” was a performance factor. However, this classification differ considerably when different data sets are used, and especially, when considering segments by origin of the visitor.
Purification and partial characterization of a thermostable peroxidase isoenzyme from Vigna sp seedlings

A peroxidase isoenzyme (named A6 in a previous study) was purified from radicles of a Vigna species by a combination of gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, heat treatment, CM-cellulose chromatography and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. It has been successfully separated from other anionic isoperoxidases expressed in the same tissue. It has a molecular weight of about 41 kDa and exhibits a great activity toward the oxidation of O-dianisidine, ABTS, TMB, DAB and OPD at optimum pH (pH 3 for ABTS, pH 4 for OPD and pH 6 for the others) and toward the reduction of H2O2. Its very acid optimum pH for the oxidation of ABTS is not a characteristic of other peroxidases except African oil palm tree peroxidase. Apparent Km values for these substrates were respectively 3.50 mM, 0.12 mM, 1.81 mM, 0.05 mM, 17.22 mM and 2.53 mM; catalytic efficiencies were 5.12×104 mM-1.min-1, 2.22×106 mM-1.min-1, 1.59×105 mM-1.min-1, 1.82×105 mM-1.min-1, 3.17×105 mM-1.min-1and 1.79×106 mM-1.min-1. It has an optimum temperature of activity around 60°C, and its heat inactivation fit to the first-order kinetics, with half-lives of 3.06 weeks, 13.5 hours, 15 min and 3.5 min at 50°C, 70°C, 80°C and 90°C respectively. The calculated activation energy (E) for its thermal inactivation was found to be 221.5 KJ/mol at pH8. This peroxidase isoenzyme is stable for 4 months at room temperature, loosing only 5% of its initial activity over this period. Mg2+ inhibits the activity of the enzyme. The Ca2+ ions greatly increase the stability of this peroxidase at 80°C, while Mn2+ and Zn2+ reduce it. The enzyme is inhibited by sodium azide at concentrations above 1 µM with an IC50 value around 10 µM. This inhibition, in addition to the RZ value (A403nm/A280nm) evaluated at 2.4 confirms the presence at the active site of the enzyme of a heme group common to class III peroxidases. The unusual catalytic and thermal characteristics of A6 could make it a potent tool in several biotechnological applications, especially as part of kit for enzyme immunoassays and clinical diagnosis.
Does Computer-Aided Instruction Improve Children's Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills?

This paper examines the causal effects of computer-aided instruction (CAI) on children's cognitive and noncognitive skills. We ran a clustered randomized controlled trial at five elementary schools with more than 1,600 students near Phnom Penh, Cambodia. After 3 months of intervention, we find that the average treatment effects on cognitive skills are positive and statistically significant, while hours of study were unchanged both at home and in the classroom. This indicates that CAI is successful in improving students’ learning productivity per hour. Furthermore, we find that CAI raises students’ subjective expectation to attend college in the future.
Empathy in context: Socioeconomic status as a moderator of the link between empathic accuracy and well-being in married couples

The present laboratory-based study investigated socioeconomic status (SES) as a moderator of the association between empathic accuracy and well-being among married couples from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Empathic accuracy was measured using a performance-based measure of empathic accuracy for one’s spouse’s negative emotions during a marital conflict conversation. Aspects of well-being included well-being (i.e., positive affect, life satisfaction), ill-being (i.e., negative affect, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms), and marital satisfaction. SES was measured using a composite score of income and education. Findings showed that SES moderated associations between empathic accuracy and well-being. Empathic accuracy was beneficial (for well-being and ill-being) or not harmful (for marital satisfaction) at low levels of SES. In contrast, empathic accuracy was not beneficial (for well-being and ill-being) or harmful (for marital satisfaction) at high levels of SES. Results were robust (controlled for age, gender, and race). Findings are discussed in light of interdependence vs. independence in low- vs. high-SES contexts and highlight the importance of socioeconomic context in determining whether empathic accuracy benefits well-being or not.
Automated Structural Damage Identification Using Data Normalization and 1-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network

In the field of structural-health monitoring, vibration-based structural damage detection techniques have been practically implemented in recent decades for structural condition assessment. With the development of deep-learning networks that make automatic feature extraction and high classification accuracy possible, deep-learning-based structural damage detection has been gaining significant attention. The deep-learning neural networks come with fixed input and output size, and input data must be downsampled or cropped to the predetermined input size of the networks to obtain desired output of the network. However, the length of input data (i.e., sensing data) is associated with the excitation quality of a structure, adjusting the size of the input data while maintaining the excitation quality is critical to ensure high accuracy of the deep-learning-based structural damage detection. To address this issue, natural-excitation-technique-based data normalization and the use of 1-D convolutional neural networks for automated structural damage detection are presented. The presented approach converts input data to predetermined size using cross-correlation and uses convolutional network to extract damage-sensitive feature for automated structural damage identification. Numerical simulations were conducted on a simply supported beam model excited by random and traffic loadings, and the performance was validated under various scenarios. The proposed method successfully detected the location of damage on a beam under random and traffic loadings with accuracies of 99.90% and 99.20%, respectively.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ENDOGENOUS ABSCISIC ACID CONTENT OF ANTHERS AND IN VITRO ANDROGENESIS IN PEPPERS (Capsicum annuum L.)

The effects of cold pretreatments on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) buds to the relationship between the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content of anthers and in vitro androgenesis were investigated. Cold shock treatments at +4°C at periods of 48 and 96 hours were used. The anthers were cultured in the MS medium with 4 mg/l NAA and 1 mg/l BA. Activated charcoal was added to the medium at a concentration of 0.25%. The cultures were incubated at +29°C under conditions of continuous illumination. The ABA analyses were made at different stages, (1) after the buds were separated from the plants (control), (2) after the cold treatments, and (3) at the 50th day of the incubation. The ABA amount of the anthers that had cold treatment always remained lower than the control anthers. However, the most embryo formation was obtained from the control anthers not subjected to cold treatments (12.5%). These results indicated that the ABA content in anthers is not the only factor for obtaining embryos from the anther culture of peppers.
Understanding How Social Media Is Influencing the Way People Communicate: Verbally and Written

The way in which people communicate has changed significantly in the past decade. For instance, instead of reading newspapers to find out the latest news many flock to TwitterTM to see what is trending for the day. Communication online via social media has changed the way people view many things. Therefore, with this understanding, it is notable to understand how social media is influencing the way people communicate: verbally and written. This paper dives more into finding more descriptive explanations of how it does so, such as whether they have changed the way they speak in person and online or the way they type their emails and texts. Using methods that involve secondary sources such as research journals and articles as well as conducting a survey questionnaire composed of participants from the United States and India is reflected in this paper. The research findings indicate that social media does influence the way people communicate because of how it allows people to gain more knowledge and information, it has become more accessible for others and it fuels conversion in terms of using emoticons. This research paper reflects the change that social media has brought forth to interpersonal communication.
Low-power hybrid memristor-CMOS spiking neuromorphic STDP learning system

An electronic circuit that implements a neural network architecture with spike neurons was studied, proposed, and evaluated, primarily considering energy consumption. In this way, CMOS transistors were used to implement neurons, memristors were used to work as synapses, and the proposed network has a spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity (STDP) learning aspect. The validation of the circuit modules and the complete network architecture was performed using SPICE models. Since most data of company technologies is restricted, some universities provide predictive models to reproduce the real ones. In this paper, two types of Integrate and Fire Neuron (I&F) using 32 nm CMOS technology simulated in LTspice with BSIM4v4 model designed by Berkley University and applying predictive parameters provided by Predictive Technology Model (PTM) are presented. The simulation results obtained here reduces the bias voltage and the chip size to the most recent designs implemented. Finally, communication between neurons and synapses with STDP learning has been successfully simulated.
Utilizing Urban Geospatial Data to Understand Heritage Attractiveness in Amsterdam

Touristic cities are home to historical landmarks and irreplaceable urban heritages. Although tourism brings financial advantages, mass tourism creates pressure on historical cities. Therefore, “attractiveness” is one of the key elements to explain tourism dynamics. User-contributed and geospatial data provide an evidence-based understanding of people’s responses to these places. In this article, the combination of multisource information about national monuments, supporting products (i.e., attractions, museums), and geospatial data are utilized to understand attractive heritage locations and the factors that make them attractive. We retrieved geotagged photographs from the Flickr API, then employed density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to find clusters. Then combined the clusters with Amsterdam heritage data and processed the combined data with ordinary least square (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to identify heritage attractiveness and relevance of supporting products in Amsterdam. The results show that understanding the attractiveness of heritages according to their types and supporting products in the surrounding built environment provides insights to increase unattractive heritages’ attractiveness. That may help diminish the burden of tourism in overly visited locations. The combination of less attractive heritage with strong influential supporting products could pave the way for more sustainable tourism in Amsterdam.
Optimal Vaccine Policies: Spillovers and Incentives

We offer a novel theoretical framework to study optimal vaccination policies. The key features of the model are that agents: 1) differ both in their potential exposure ( x ) to others and vulnerability ( y ) to severe illness, 2) exert negative externalities through interaction, and 3) can take voluntary preventative measures, for instance self-isolation. Our main result is a complete characterization of the second-best policy. Three striking features emerge. First, it is non-monotone – people with intermediate y are vaccinated more than those with either low or high y . Second, it exhibits an exposure premium among those who do not self-isolate – people with higher x require lower overall risk, xy , to be vaccinated. Third, for those who voluntarily self-isolate, it is invariant to y , depending only upon x . Numerical results demonstrate that policies vaccinating only the most vulnerable perform significantly worse than other simple heuristics, especially when supplies are limited.
Exploration of how to make the collaborative planning process work - a grounded theory study

Abstract Abstract: The integration of healthcare and social services has made collaborative care plans an important tool for health and social care professionals and the person involved. The collaborative planning process is challenging, and studies have revealed that its implementation and outcomes are not satisfactory for all participants. The study aimed to explore the collaborative planning process and attributes contributing to making the process work for all participants. The study focused on older adults in need of a collaborative care plan and adopted a grounded theory approach. Several sources were used to collect data from participants. The findings revealed an overarching process and two sub-processes. The overarching process “holding the links together” described the identified core attributes, joint philosophy, everyday practice and planning through partnership. The two sub-processes, “the missing link” and “connecting the links”, described the participants’ perspectives. The conceptual model explained the identified attributes and the connections between the overarching process and the two sub-processes. The study confirmed the complexity of collaboration between actors, professionals, older adults and informal caregivers. When one or more attribute did not function optimally or was missing, it affected the collaborative care planning process and participants involved, with consequences for the older adult. A joint philosophy, an ethic, could facilitate and guide professionals in everyday practice through all steps of the collaborative care planning process and contribute in making the process successful.
A New-Institutional Analysis of Inclusion Policy Enactment in Teacher Education: A Case from Ontario

This qualitative single case study aimed to examine the logics of one teacher education program towards preparing pre-service teachers for inclusive teaching from the perspectives of the program’s coordinators. In particular, the study aimed to understand the practices of these coordinators and how these practices are influenced by inclusive education and teacher education policies. This examination would reveal how education policies are enacted in this particular case. New-Institutionalism (NI) theory (DiMaggio & Powell, 1991) constituted the theoretical framework that guided the methodology as well as the analysis of the findings. The study revealed that the coordinators’ understanding and practices around the existing inclusion and teacher education policies emerge from their own experiences in this particular program, intermingled with their beliefs about how inclusion should be enacted in teacher education and schools. Key findings included coordinators developing inclusive mindsets among pre-service teachers, negotiating their logics towards inclusion through modeling inclusive teaching practices in the university classroom, and engaging them in critical discussions around inclusion policy practice in schools, and coordinators calling for a curriculum policy change. Recommendations for future teacher education programming in response to the evolving inclusive education are offered.
Incorporation of mineral nitrogen into the soil food web as affected by plant community composition

Abstract Although nitrogen (N) deposition is increasing globally, N availability still limits many organisms, such as microorganisms and mesofauna. However, little is known to which extent soil organisms rely on mineral‐derived N and whether plant community composition modifies its incorporation into soil food webs. More diverse plant communities more effectively compete with microorganisms for mineral N likely reducing the incorporation of mineral‐derived N into soil food webs. We set up a field experiment in experimental grasslands with different levels of plant species and functional group richness. We labeled soil with 15NH4 15NO3 and analyzed the incorporation of mineral‐derived 15N into soil microorganisms and mesofauna over 3 months. Mineral‐derived N incorporation decreased over time in all investigated organisms. Plant species richness and presence of legumes reduced the uptake of mineral‐derived N into microorganisms. In parallel, the incorporation of mineral‐derived 15N into mesofauna species declined with time and decreased with increasing plant species richness in the secondary decomposer springtail Ceratophysella sp. Effects of both plant species richness and functional group richness on other mesofauna species varied with time. The presence of grasses increased the 15N incorporation into Ceratophysella sp. , but decreased it in the primary decomposer oribatid mite Tectocepheus velatus sarekensis. The results highlight that mineral N is quickly channeled into soil animal food webs via microorganisms irrespective of plant diversity. The amount of mineral‐derived N incorporated into soil animals, and the plant community properties affecting this incorporation, differed markedly between soil animal taxa, reflecting species‐specific use of food resources. Our results highlight that plant diversity and community composition alter the competition for N in soil and change the transfer of N across trophic levels in soil food webs, potentially leading to changes in soil animal population dynamics and community composition. Sustaining high plant diversity may buffer detrimental effects of elevated N deposition on soil biota.