Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The low complexity regions in the C-terminus are essential for the subcellular localisation of Leishmania casein kinase 1 but not for its activity

Casein Kinase 1 (CK1) family members are serine/threonine protein kinases ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic organisms. They are involved in a wide range of important cellular processes, such as membrane trafficking, or vesicular transport in organisms from yeast to humans. Due to its broad spectrum of action, CK1 activity and expression is tightly regulated by a number of mechanisms, including subcellular sequestration. Defects in CK1 regulation, localisation or the introduction of mutations in the CK1 coding sequence are often associated with important diseases such as cancer. Increasing evidence suggest that the manipulation of host cell CK1 signalling pathways by intracellular pathogens, either by exploiting the host CK1 or by exporting the CK1 of the pathogen into the host cell may play an important role in infectious diseases. Leishmania CK1.2 is essential for parasite survival and released into the host cell, playing an important role in host pathogen interactions. Although Leishmania CK1.2 has dual role in the parasite and in the host cell, nothing is known about its parasitic localisation and organelle-specific functions. In this study, we show that CK1.2 is a ubiquitous kinase, which is present in the cytoplasm, associated to the cytoskeleton and localised to various organelles, indicating potential roles in kinetoplast and nuclear segregation, as well as ribosomal processing and motility. Furthermore, using truncated mutants, we show for the first time that the two low complexity regions (LCR) present in the C-terminus of CK1.2 are essential for the subcellular localisation of CK1.2 but not for its kinase activity, whereas the deletion of the N-terminus leads to a dramatic decrease in CK1.2 abundance. In conclusion, our data on the localisation and regulation of Leishmania CK1.2 contribute to increase the knowledge on this essential kinase and get insights into its role in the parasite.
Will AI Replace Ophthalmologists?

1 NIHR Biomedical Research Center at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland 3 Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK 4 Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation & Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK 5 School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Sexual Behaviors and Violence in Pornography: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Video Content Analyses

Background Owing to increasing access to Web-based pornography and concerns about its impact on viewers, many researchers have attempted to systematically analyze the content of pornography. Objective We aimed to systematically review the results of quantitative content analyses of video-based pornography and identify the degree to which the following behaviors are depicted: (1) sexual behaviors and themes, (2) condom use during sexual behaviors, and (3) aggression and violence. Methods Inclusion criteria for article eligibility were (1) peer-reviewed publications, (2) articles in the English language, (3) articles describing a quantitative content analysis of video pornography, and (4) articles quantitatively examining at least one variable of interest. Results A total of 23 studies met the eligibility criteria. Studies varied in scope and definitions of behavioral variables. Condom use was rare, although more commonly depicted in gay male pornography (36%-64% videos) compared with heterosexual pornography (2%-3% videos). Normative sexual behaviors were most frequently depicted in pornography samples (eg, vaginal intercourse in 48%-90% and fellatio in 52%-90% of heterosexual videos; fellatio in 66%-100% and anal intercourse in 70%-80% of gay male videos). Extreme acts of violence (1%-3% videos) and rape (0%-6% videos) were relatively rare. However, more subtle forms of aggression, such as spanking (5%-75% videos), were more common, and unequal sexual relations (eg, domination) were also common. Although estimates varied by study, dominating and violent behaviors were nearly always directed toward women. Conclusions Condom nonuse and gender inequalities are common in pornography, which has implications for the development of healthy sexual relationships among pornography viewers. Higher quality research, including study replication and consistent methodological choices, is needed.
Development of a Thermal Management System for Electrified Aircraft

This paper describes the development and optimization of a conceptual thermal management system for electrified aircraft. Here, a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicle is analyzed with the following electrically sourced heat loads considered: motors, generators, rectifiers, and inverters. The vehicle will employ liquid-cooling techniques in order to acquire, transport, and reject waste heat from the vehicle. The purpose of this paper is to threefold: (1) Present a potential modeling framework for system level thermal management system simulation, (2) Analyze typical system characteristics, and (3) Perform optimization on a system developed for a specific vehicle to minimize weight gain, power utilization, and drag. Additionally, the paper will study the design process, specifically investigating the differences between steady state and transient sizing, comparing simulation techniques with a lower fidelity option and quantifying expected error.
The evaluation of academic website using eye tracker and UEQ: a case study in a website of xyz

The current study evaluated the academic website using eye tracking and User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). A total of 46 participants had been recruited for this study but then the data were reduced to 33 participants due to random response errors of an item in UEQ followed by reducing in eye tracker’s data. Eye tracker had a gaze plot (scan path) data and task completion time as time to first view area of interest (AOI) where these data were used to evaluate important gaze plot and whether the provision of information in website had been clearly done. The gaze plot gave insight where important link, information and picture should be put in the website. Furthermore, Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U test were also applied to see the difference between each task which were used to improve sub menu’s name. At the same time, UEQ data showed that only novelty should be improved to be more creative, inventive, leading edge and innovative. Thus, this recommendation provides more input in designing website for academic use.
An inception module CNN classifiers fusion method on pulmonary nodule diagnosis by signs

A “sign” on a lung CT image refers to a radiologic finding that suggests a pathological progression of some specific disease. Analysis of CT signs is helpful to understand the pathological origin of the lesion. In-depth study of lung nodules classification with different CT signs will help to distinguish benign and malignant nodules more clearly and accurately. To this end, we propose an Inception module-based ensemble classification method for pulmonary nodule diagnosis with different nodule signs. We first construct a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifier adopting Inception modules and pre-train it on ImageNet. We then fine-tune this pre-trained classifier on 10 different lung nodule sign sample sets, and fuse these 10 classifiers with an artificial immune ensemble algorithm. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of our proposed Artificial Immune Algorithm-based Inception Networks Fusion (AIA-INF) algorithm are 82.22%, 93.17%, and 88.67%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the alternative Bagging and Boosting methods. The experimental results show that our Inception-based ensemble classifier offers promising performance, and compared with other CADx systems, this scheme can offer a more detailed reference for diagnosis, and can be valuable for junior radiologist training.
School Counsellors’ Job Satisfaction: What is the Role of Counselling Self-Efficacy, Trait Anxiety and Cognitive Flexibility?

Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of counselling self-efficacy, trait anxiety and cognitive flexibility in predicting job satisfaction of school counsellors. The study was conducted according to a correlational research design. The sample group consisted of 99 female and 77 male school counsellors voluntarily participating in the study. Data collection tools included the Personal Information Form, Job Satisfaction Scale, Counselor Activity Self-Efficacy Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory. The data were analysed with Pearson product-moment correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. According to the research findings, the job satisfaction of school counsellors was identified to have moderate significant correlations with counselling self-efficacy, trait anxiety and cognitive flexibility. Counselling self-efficacy and trait anxiety were each concluded to be significant predictors of job satisfaction. Finally, cognitive flexibility was found not to be a significant predictor of job satisfaction. The results are interpreted and discussed in accordance with the relevant literature.
Research on Identification Algorithm Based on PPG Signal and Improved Convolutional Neural Network

In this paper, an improved convolutional neural network model is proposed, which is used for the identification of ECG signals while PPG signals are rarely used. The PPG data from the mimic database is denoised by wavelet transform, and then directly sent to the model for automatic sign extraction and recognition. This method can achieve the highest recognition rate of 99.39% on PPG data in mimic database. This makes the identification based on PPG signal meet the requirements of high reliability. With the rapid development of sensors and wearable devices, this research can also meet the universality of one of the requirements of identification.
Evaluating the efficiency of ethanol precipitation method in purification of gDNA and PCR product

A numerous clean-up methods of nucleic acid were developed to achieve the requirements of downstream reactions like PCR and sequencing. The methods were varied in their mechanism, efficiency of purification and final product yield. The present study evaluated the efficiency of ethanol-sodium acetate (EOH-NaOAc3) precipitation method in purification of nucleic acid to satisfy downstream reactions requirements. The yield and purity of nucleic acid were considered as the main standard parameters to estimate the efficiency of method. Geneaid gel extraction kit DF100 was considered as a standard method for comparison. The results of methods comparison revealed that EOH-NaOAc3 method was significantly (P=0.000) surpassed the kit method in the yield of purified PCR product (93.24 and 18.37 ng/µl) with no significant differences (P=0.239) in quality (Absorbance (A260/280+) = 1.816 and 1.843) respectively. To determine the productivity of EOH-NaOAc3 method, a specific amount of genomic DNA (G-DNA) (187.93 ng/ µl) was processed and the results showed that EOH-NaOAc3 method was efficiently conserved 89.6% of total processed G-DNA (168.51 ng/µl) accompanied by significant (P=0.03) elevation of DNA purity (A260/280, 3.07 – 2.53).
Human cytomegalovirus protein pUL36: A dual cell death pathway inhibitor

Significance Cell death is a key defense against viral infection, preventing spread from infected to uninfected cells. Correspondingly, certain viruses encode inhibitors of apoptotic and necroptotic cell death pathways in order to facilitate their persistence. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important human pathogen that can block apoptosis, but hitherto it has been unclear whether or how the virus blocks necroptosis. Here, we used a proteomic screen to identify human proteins targeted for destruction by HCMV, finding that the key necroptosis mediator MLKL is degraded throughout infection. MLKL is targeted for degradation by HCMV protein pUL36, which is also instrumental in inhibiting apoptosis. Thus, pUL36 is a dual cell death pathway inhibitor, and may represent an important therapeutic target. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important human pathogen and a paradigm of intrinsic, innate, and adaptive viral immune evasion. Here, we employed multiplexed tandem mass tag-based proteomics to characterize host proteins targeted for degradation late during HCMV infection. This approach revealed that mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), a key terminal mediator of cellular necroptosis, was rapidly and persistently degraded by the minimally passaged HCMV strain Merlin but not the extensively passaged strain AD169. The strain Merlin viral inhibitor of apoptosis pUL36 was necessary and sufficient both to degrade MLKL and to inhibit necroptosis. Furthermore, mutation of pUL36 Cys131 abrogated MLKL degradation and restored necroptosis. As the same residue is also required for pUL36-mediated inhibition of apoptosis by preventing proteolytic activation of procaspase-8, we define pUL36 as a multifunctional inhibitor of both apoptotic and necroptotic cell death.
Topical Human Growth Hormone Treatment of Chronic Leg Ulcers

In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 37 patients with chronic leg ulceration were randomized to receive either topical human growth hormone, 1 IU cm −2 ulcer area, 5 d per week, or placebo, in addition to a standard treatment (compression, hydrocolloid dressing). The two groups were broadly similar in age, sex, initial ulcer area and underlying aetiological variables. During the study 18 patients were withdrawn (six in the growth hormone group and 12 in the placebo group; NS). Eight of them did not complete the 2 weeks of treatment necessary to establish a healing rate and were consequently not included in the analyses of healing. During a mean treatment period of 8 weeks, the healing rate was 16% per week (95% confidence interval 8.7 to 23% per week) in the growth hormone group and 3% per week (−3.4 to 8.4% per week) in the placebo group, (P = 0.02). In 11 patients (61%) in the growth hormone group and two patients (18%) in the placebo group, the ulcer area decreased by 50% during the study (P = 0.03). The treatment was neither accompanied by side-effects nor signs or symptoms indicating a significant absorption of growth hormone. Further studies are needed to address the dose-response relationship and optimal administration frequency of topical growth hormone in the treatment of chronic leg ulcers.
COMPARISON OF BUNGEE-AIDED AND FREE-BOUNCING ACCELERATIONS ON TRAMPOLINE

Trampolines remain the single best apparatus for the training of aerial acrobatics skills. Trampoline use has led to catastrophic injuries from poor landings. Passive injury prevention countermeasures such as specialized matting have been largely ineffective. Active injury countermeasures such as hand spotting, “throw-in” mats, and overhead spotting rigs provide the most effective methods. The recent addition of several bungee cords between the ropes and the gymnast’s spotting harness has resulted in altered teaching and coaching of trampoline-related acrobatics. Bungee cords have eliminated the need for a coach/spotter to manage the ropes during skill learning. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the addition of bungee cords with a traditional rope-based overhead spotting rig. There is a paucity of any research involving trampoline injury countermeasures. Ten experienced trampoline acrobatic athletes (5 males, 5 females) from the U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association Aerials National Team performed 10 bounces as high as they could control. A triaxial accelerometer (200 Hz) characterized 10 bungee cord aided bounces and 10 free-bounces on a trampoline from each athlete. Bed contact times, peak accelerations, and average accelerations were obtained. The results supported our hypotheses that the bungee-aided bounces achieved only 40% (average) to 70% (peak) of the free-bouncing accelerations (all ρ < 0.001 and all ƞ2partial >0.092). The bed contact time was approximately 65% longer during the bungee-aided bounces (ρ < 0.001). Bungee cords may reduce the harshness of landings on trampoline.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Prescription Drug Abuse Prevention Curriculum for College Students

The recreational use of prescription drugs has been increasingly common in university communities (Office of National Drug Control Policy, 2015). Students may abuse prescription drugs to get high, study longer or sleep. A survey conducted by Kinesiology students used snowball sampling to assess the number of Cal Poly students recreationally using prescription drugs and their knowledge of prescription drug abuse (Colangelo & Sepulveda, 2015). The assessment showed 30.7% of students had abused prescription drugs in the last six months. There was an increase in abuse between college freshmen (19.2%), college sophomores (41.4%) and juniors (44.3%) (Colangelo & Sepulveda, 2015). This prevalence indicates an intervention may be useful. A non­equivalent control group design was used to assess the effectiveness of a prescription drug abuse prevention curriculum for college students. Students enrolled in general education health courses during the Fall of 2015 participated in the study. The treatment group (n=88) received a classroom­based intervention designed to include information specific to prescription drug abuse. The control group (n=64) received the traditional intervention covering general information about drug abuse. The purpose of the study was to determine which intervention was most effective in influencing knowledge, perceptions of risk, and self­efficacy to prevent prescription drug abuse. Both groups were administered a pre­test and a post­test questionnaire online. The ANCOVA showed a significant positive association of the treatment intervention for: Knowledge of Prescription Drug Abuse and Misuse (Knowledge) (p=0.001) and Self­Efficacy for Preventing Prescription Drug Abuse and Misuse (Self­Efficacy) (p<0.001).
Knowledge origin, innovations and growth in ayurvedic bioprospection: references from Kerala

The recent manufacturing interest in traditional medical systems and biodiversity sectors is directly related to the profitable innovations that traditional knowledge can generate. In this context, this study attempts to understand the nature of knowledge origin and innovative process in the drug discovery process in both traditional knowledge and textual ayurveda based drugs. The analysis has been broadly contextualized in the premise that the traditional knowledge innovations are non-additive in character due to the lack of proper incentive structure available with knowledge holder, and hence this knowledge, which largely serve as a tacit raw material for bio-prospection involves huge costs in internalizing in to the production. While the firms have the option of cheap cost drug discovery from ayurvedic public knowledge, they are less incentivized to go for major bioprospection.
Development of New Carbon-Based Electrode Material from Oil Palm Waste-Derived Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its Capacitive Performance Evaluation

This paper is an expansion of our previous work on the synthesis of graphene oxides and reduced graphene oxides from different kinds of oil palm waste-based feedstocks, namely, OPL (oil palm leaf), PKS (palm kernel shell), and EFB (empty fruit bunch). Here, the electrochemical measurements of the resulting reduced graphene oxides derived via mild-temperature annealing reduction of the graphene oxides were accomplished using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge processes. The findings put forward their promising features for supercapacitor applications. For instance, the reduced graphene oxide derived using EFB precursor (rGOEFB) which has a BET surface area of 117 m2 g-1 exhibits a specific capacitance of 688 F g−1 at an applied current density of 0.8 A g-1. This is higher than that observed for reduced graphene oxides derived from oil palm leaf (rGOOPL), palm kernel shell (rGOPKS), and the commercially acquired graphite (rGOCG), which possessed specific capacitance values of 632, 424, and 220 F g−1, respectively. It can be deduced that the specific capacitance of the reduced graphene oxide samples increases in the following order: (rGOCG) < (rGOPKS) < (rGOOPL) < (rGOEFB). In summary, these new classes of carbon-based nanomaterials could be applied as efficient electrode materials for supercapacitor application with potential good performance. With this novel green and sustainable approach, various carbon-based nanomaterials can be fabricated for a broad range of multifunctional applications.
Attributions and expressed emotion in the relatives of schizophrenic patients.

This study examines the concept of Expressed Emotion (EE) and tests the utility of an attributional model in understanding why individual relatives differ in their responses and attitudes to schizophrenia sufferers, and how causal beliefs of family members might mediate relapse in patients. The model proposes that relatives look for causes to explain the patient's symptoms and other negative events associated with the illness; that illness variables and the perceptions of the relatives about the illness will influence the amount of causal search and the type of attributions which the relatives make; and that certain kinds of attributions may be predictive of patient relapse. The spontaneous attributions of relatives about negative events associated with the patient and the illness were assessed from audiotaped Camberwell Family Interviews using a modified form of the Leeds Attributional Coding System after developments to the method of extracting attributional statements. 60 relatives were included in the study. The results of the study supported the attributional model: high EE relatives made more attributions about illness than did low EE; and within the high EE group there were differences in the sort of beliefs that the relatives held. The attributions of relatives with marked EOI were similar to the low EE group with problems attributed to factors more external to and uncontrollable by the patient. On the other hand, relatives with high criticism gave more causes internal to the patient whilst the hostile relatives also tended to perceive the causes to be controllable by and personal to the schizophrenia sufferer. Illness chronicity and severity was associated with more causal search, but the relatives' subjective experience of the problems was a better predictor of the direction of their beliefs. The study found that attribution variables were better predictors of patient relapse at nine months follow up than were EE measures. Finally, although relatives made very few attributions which invoked their own causal role in illness events, it was found that such beliefs were reliable predictors of emotional problems in the relatives themselves.