Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concept, design, simulation, and fabrication of an ultra-scalable vertical MOSFET

A new orientation to the conventional MOSFET is proposed. Processing issues, as well as short channel effects have been making planar MOSFET scaling increasingly difficult. It is predicted by the 2001 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) that non-planar devices will be needed for production as early as 2007. The device proposed in this thesis is similar in operation to the planar MOSFET, however the current transport from source to drain, normally in the same plane as the wafer surface, is oriented perpendicular to the die surface. The proposed device has successfully been simulated, showing a proof of concept. Fabrication of the proposed devices led to the creation of vertical MOS Gated Tunnel Diodes. This work, in fact, represents possibly the first demonstration of this type of technology. Suggestions are made to improve upon the proposed vertical MOSFET as well as the vertical MOS Gated Tunnel Diode.
Flow Dynamics and Mixing of a Transverse Jet in Crossflow—Part I: Steady Crossflow

A large-eddy-simulation-based numerical investigation of a turbulent gaseous jet in crossflow (JICF) is presented. The present work focuses on cases with a steady crossflow and two different jet-to-crossflow velocity ratios, 2 and 4, at the same jet centerline velocity of 160 m/s. Emphasis is placed on the detailed flow evolution and scalar mixing in a compressible, turbulent environment. Various flow characteristics, including jet trajectories, jet-center streamlines, vortical structures, and intrinsic instabilities, as well as their relationships with the mixing process, are examined. Mixing efficiency is quantified by the decay rate of scalar concentration, the probability density function (PDF), and the spatial and temporal mixing deficiencies. Depending on the jet-to-crossflow velocity ratios, the wake vortices downstream of the injector orifice can either separate from or connect to the main jet plume, and this has a strong impact on mixing efficiency and vortex system development. Statistical analysis is applied to explore the underlying physics, with special attention at the jet-center and transverse planes. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4035808]
The second release of the Large Quasar Astrometric Catalog (LQAC-2)

Context. Since the first release of the LQAC (Large Quasar Astrometric Catalogue) a large number of quasars have been discovered through very dense observational surveys. As these objects constitute the cornerstones of modern astrometry by indicating quasi inertial directions, their spatial density and their astrometric quality must be studied in detail. Aims. Following the same procedure as in this first release of the LQAC, our aim is to compile all the quasars recorded until the present date, with the best determination of their equatorial coordinates in the ICRS, i.e. with respect to the newly established ICRF2 and with the maximum of information concerning their physical properties (redshift, photometry, absolute magnitudes). Methods. First of all we made a substantial review of the definitions and properties of quasars and AGN (active galactic nuclei), because the differenciation of these objects is unclear in the literature, even for specialists. Then we carried out the cross-identification between the nine catalogs of quasars chosen for their accuracy and their huge number of objects, including all the available data related to magnitudes, radiofluxes, and redshifts. Moreover, we computed the absolute magnitude of our extragalactic objects by taking the recent studies concerning the galactic absorption into account. In addition, substantial improvements were made with respect to the first release of the LQAC. First, an LQAC name is given for each object based on its equatorial coordinates with respect to the ICRS, following a procedure that creates no ambiguity in the identification. Second the equatorial coordinates of the objects were recomputed more accurately according to the algorithms used for the elaboration of the Large Quasar Reference Frame (LQRF). Third we introduce a morphological classification for the objects that in particular clearly defines if the object is point-like or extended. Results. Our final catalog, called LQAC-2, contains 187 504 quasars. This is roughly 65% more than the 113 666 quasars recorded in the first version of the LQAC and a little more than the number of quasars recorded in the updated version of the Veron-Cetty & Veron (2010, A&A, 518, A10) catalog, which was the densest compilation of quasars up to now. In addition to the quantitative and qualitative improvements brought by our compilation, we discuss the homogeneity of the data and carry out statistical analysis of the spatial density and the distance to the closest neighbor. Conclusions. The LQAC-2 will be useful for the astronomical community since it gives the most complete information available about the whole set of already recorded quasars, insisting on the precision and accuracy of their coordinates with respect to the ICRF-2.
Reformulation of dynamic manipulability ellipsoid for robotic manipulators

A reformulation of the dynamic manipulability ellipsoid for robotic manipulators is established. This ellipsoid is a common tool in robotics for measuring the ability of a manipulator to produce arbitrary accelerations of the end effector for a given set of torques at the joints. As opposed to the original approach where gravitational forces were imputed to compress the volume of the ellipsoid, it is shown that the effect of gravity can be taken into account by translating the center of the ellipsoid without affecting its volume. The ellipsoid for redundant manipulators is characterized by investigating the properties of the manipulator Jacobian involved in the core of the ellipsoid. Numerical case studies are developed. <<ETX>>
Inhibitory Effect of Silver Nano Particles (AgNPs) Against Biofilm Formation in Multidrug Resistance P. aeruginosa Isolated from Burn infections

P . aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that display uncommon phenomena of antimicrobial resistance. It is important to reminder that more than (80 %) of bacterial infections are caused by biofilms. Disruption and inhibition of preformed biofilms can be accomplished using silver nanoparticles. Out of 40 , 22 (55%) P. aeuroginosa isolates were recovered isolated pathogen was subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test using disc diffusion test. Screening of silver resistance using silver nitrate also done by agar dilution method using different concentrations (100µglml-400µglm). Formation of biofilm was detected. Silver nano particles were prepared and tested for anti-biofilm activity using different concentrations ranging from (2.5µg/ml-20µg/ml) employing tissue culture plate method. P. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from burn unit at a percent (55%), those isolates were found to be multidrug resistance and silver resistance as following: (100%) for each of piperacillin, imipenem and Cefotaxime. While (88%), (65%), (62%) for amikacin, ceftriaxone and gentamicin respectively. Biofilm production was detected quantitatively by microtiter plate method (100%), qualitatively via congo red agar method (44%) in multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. The inhibitory effect of silver nano particles in formation of biofilm was estimated using tissue culture plate method using different concentrations ranging from (2.5µg/ml -20µg/ml) and show high inhibition rate at 20µg/ml. This study concluded that silver nano particles have good antibiofilm activity with small concentration that could be used as an alternative therapy in those opportunistic pathogen. Keywords: Silvernanoparticles, P.aeruginosa, Biofilm Inhibition, Biofilm Formation.
TWO TYPES OF SOLUTION OVERSHOOTS IN DISCONTINUOUS

We consider high order Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretization for steady state problems. It will be demonstrated that using a high order DG scheme to discretize a problem may result in two types of solution overshoots. The oscillations of the first type are associated with smooth approximation of solution discontinuities. In addition, the oscillations may appear in steady state problems as a result of incorrect flux approximation near the flux extremum point.
THEEFFECTS OF CURCUMA RHIZOME EXTRACT (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)TREATMENT USING VARIOUS DOSES TOWARDS ENDOMETRIAL THICKNESSIN MICE (Mus musculus) TREATED WITH MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE (MSG)

Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is a food seasoning that is widely used. Consumption of MSG in excessive doses can cause an excess of free radicals in the body that trigger oxidative stress and finally affect the reproductive system hormones. These free radicals can be suppressed by administration of antioxidants. Rhizomes of Curcuma xanthorrhiza extracts containantioxidants and they are widely grown. Theyare used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. This experiment was conducted to investigatewhether rhizomes of Curcuma xanthorrhiza extracts areable to inhibit decreasing endometrial thickness in female mice after receiving orally MSG-treatment.This research adoptedtrue experimental posttest only control group design . It includes 25 mice that were divided into 5 groups: control K1 (CMC) and K2 (MSG), treatment group (MSG and rhizomes of Curcuma xanthorrhiza extracts with dose of 0,4 mg/gBW, 0,8 mg/gBW, 1,2 mg/gBW). In addition, the mice’s endometrium were removed to be subsequently stained using Hematoxillin-Eosin. Thickening of uterus was observed and measured with 40x magnitude using Microphoto Microscope Olympus. Data was analized using One Way ANOVA. The research finally comes with a result showing that there were not any significant differences discovered from the endometrium thickening from the five tested groups (p>0,05). Therefore, it is implied that rhizomes of Curcuma xanthorrhiza extracts has no effect on endometrial thickness of uterus by oral MSG-treatment. Keywords : MSG, curcuma, endometrium
A DISTRIBUTED DATA STORE MODEL SATISFYING SEQUENTIAL CONSISTENCY OR CAUSAL CONSISTENCY WITH OPERATION LOGS

A distributed data store can satisfy two properties out of three properties which are (strict) consistency, availability and partition-tolerance. In case of distributed data stores satisfying availability and partition-tolerance, they can satisfy weak consistency, especially causal consistency, which is the strongest consistency that can cohabit with other two properties. Moreover, if any networks between nodes have no problem and very low latency, the distributed data store can satisfy stronger consistency than causal consistency. Sequential consistency is one of the stronger consistency than causal consistency. In order to satisfy sequential consistency, a distributed data store needs to equalize an order of data changing in all nodes. In this paper, we propose distributed data store model containing special nodes “casting nodes” and algorithms in order to decide an order of operations. Thanks to the casting nodes, our model can satisfy sequential consistency when all networks can connect, and our model can satisfy causal consistency when any networks disconnect.
Larvicidal activity of Scutellaria violacea (Lamiaceae) leaf extracts against three important human vector mosquitoes: Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Tamil Nadu, India

The present study was conducted to determine the larvicidal activity of Scutellaria violacea leaf extracts against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. The larvicidal activity was determined against three vector mosquito species at the concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm. Larval mortality was assessed after 24 hours. The leaf extracts of S. violacea was found to be more susceptible against the larvae of A. aegypti, A. stephensi and C. quinquefasciatus respectively. Insecticidal susceptibility tests were carried out using standard method and the mortality was observed after 24-h exposure. All the tested crude extract showed moderate to good larvicidal and pupicidal activities. However, the maximum larval mortality was detected in ethanol extract against A. stephensi and C. quinquefasciatus (LC50 47.6 and LC95 225.3) and C. quinquefasciatus (LC5051.8 and LC95 218.4). These results suggested that the leaf extracts of S. violacea showed potential to be used as an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of the A. aegypti, A. stephensi and C. quinquefasciatus
Competitive equilibria in infinite-horizon collateralized economies with default penalties

Araujo, Pascoa and Torres-Martinez (2002) have shown that, without imposing either debt constraints or transversality conditions, Ponzi schemes are ruled out in infinite horizon economies with default when collateral is the only mechanism that partially secures loans. Pascoa and Seghir (2008) subsequently show that Ponzi schemes may reappear if, additionally to the seizure of the collateral, there are sufficiently harsh default penalties assessed (directly in terms of utility) against the defaulters. They also claim that if default penalties are moderate then Ponzi schemes are ruled out and existence of a competitive equilibrium is ensured. The objective of this paper is two fold. First, contrary to what is claimed by Pascoa and Seghir (2008), we show that moderate default penalties do not always prevent agents to run a Ponzi scheme. Second, we provide an alternative condition on default penalties that is sufficient to rule out Ponzi schemes and ensure the existence of a competitive equilibrium.
Rat Pancreatic Stromal Cells (PSC) affect Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSC) into Insulin-Producing Cells (IPCs) In vitro

The use of different sources of stem cells including embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells is a novel therapy for diabetic’s patients. However the efficiency of differentiation is not enough to complete treatment. An important point in the induction of stem cells into IPCs in vitro is the role of the pancreatic niche (which includes the stromal and epithelial niche). It can physically contact to adjacent cells and influence stem cell behavior via close range signaling. In this respect, we hypnotized that Pancreatic Stromal Cell (PSC) as a fundamental factor of the stromal niche may have an effective role in the generation IPCs (i.e, the efficiency of differentiation and function of newlyformed β-cells) in vitro. Therefore in this study, MSCs derived from umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) vain and bone marrow (BM-MSCs) was selected to differentiate into IPCs in co-culture with rat PSCs. Our results have demonstrated that only BM-MSCs were able to differentiate into IPCs. Cells in Islet-like clusters with (out) co-cultured with rat pancreatic stromal cells, produced insulin and C-peptide and released them to culture medium at the end of the induction protocol; however they did not respond to glucose challenges very well. The presence of rat pancreatic stromal cells, up-regulated the expressions of insulin, Glut2, and Nkx2.2 were at the mRNA level in IPCs. These results suggested that rat PSCs possibly affect MSCs differentiation into IPCs by increasing the number of immature β-cells.
Comparison of different fusion algorithms in urban and agricultural areas using sar (palsar and radarsat) and optical (spot) images

Image fusion techniques of remote sensing data are formal frameworks for merging and using images originating from different sources. This research investigates the quality assessment of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data fusion with optical imagery. Two different SAR data from different sensors namely RADARSAT-1 and PALSAR were fused with SPOT-2 data. Both SAR data have the same resolutions and polarisations; however images were gathered in different frequencies as C band and L band respectively. This paper contributes to the comparative evaluation of fused data for understanding the performance of implemented image fusion algorithms such as Ehlers, IHS (Intensity-Hue-Saturation), HPF (High Pass Frequency), two dimensional DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transformation), and PCA (Principal Component Analysis) techniques. Quality assessments of fused images were performed both qualitatively and quantitatively. For the statistical analysis; bias, correlation coefficient (CC), difference in variance (DIV), standard deviation difference (SDD), universal image quality index (UIQI) methods were applied on the fused images. The evaluations were performed by categorizing the test area into two as “urban” and “agricultural”. It has been observed that some of the methods have enhanced either the spatial quality or preserved spectral quality of the original SPOT XS image to various degrees while some approaches have introduced distortions. In general we noted that Ehlers’ spectral quality is far better than those of the other methods. HPF performs almost best in agricultural areas for both SAR images.
On the competition between leading-edge-vortex and tip-vortex growth for a pitching plate

The interaction between leading-edge-vortex and tip-vortex development on a low aspect ratio and a nominally two-dimensional rectangular flat plate has been investigated. Simultaneous to force measurements, threedimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry (3D-PTV) was used to characterize the instantaneous flow field on the suction side of the plate. When examining the instantaneous spanwise circulation distribution for the two plates it is determined that the spanwise velocity induced by the tip vortex has the effect of reducing the leading-edge-vortex circulation near the tip of the plate. Iso-surfaces of the spanwise and tip vorticity at various time steps after the beginning of the motion help identify the similarities between the vortical structures between both slow and fast pitch-up motions, indicating that the vortex formation process is proportional to dimensionless time and not the instantaneous pitch angle. Furthermore, vortex tilting and stretching terms are examined and are found to be small in the early stages of leading-edge-vortex and tip-vortex development, suggesting that at these early times such structures grow independently of one another. Later on in the vortex development vortex tilting is present such that the leading-edge vortex is reoriented into the tip vortex. At the same time the leading-edge vortex erupts at the inboard section through the presence of negative vortex stretching.
To compare the efficacy of drotaverine hydrochloride with hyoscine butylbroumide for increasing the rate of cervical dilatation

Background: In order to accelerate the labour apart from early amniotomy and early administration of oxytocin, the use of antispasmodic agents like drotaverine and hyoscine butylbromide to hasten the first stage of labor is a common practice. Considering the promising results of hyoscine butylbromide, the present study was planned to to compare the efficacy of drotaverine hydrochloride with hyoscine butylbroumide for increasing the rate of cervical dilatation. Methods: This prospective placebo-controlled crossover study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow. The study was conducted on 60 women in labour who were randomly allocated to group I, group II and group III of 20 patients each. In group I, no intervention was done and comprised the control group. The women in group II were injected intramuscularly one ampoule (20mg) of hyoscine butylbromide. The women in Group III were injected Inj. Drotavrine one ampoule (40mg) intramuscularly at 3 cm dilatation. The data collected was analysed using SPSS Version 15.0. Suitable statistical tests were applied. Results: Majority of subjects were aged between 21-30 years, were multipara and had spontaneous labour. Mean duration of first stage of labour ranged from 3 hoour 34 minutes (drotaverine hydrochloride) to 5 hour 45 minutes (control group) showing a significant intergroup difference. Mean total duration of labour ranged from 4 hr 11 minutes (drotaverine hydrochloride and hyoscine butylbromide groups) to 6 hr 26 minutes (control group) showing a significant intergroup difference (p <0.001). Majority of deliveries were full term normal deliveries. Conclusions: Both drotaverine hydrochloride and hyoscine butylbromide could effectively reduce first stage as well as total duration of labour. Further studies are recommended to establish the comparative efficacy in terms of a side effect profile and relatively efficacy in view of various clinico-demographic variables.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON EMBEDDED MPC FOR INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES

Os algoritmos de controle preditivo tem uma grande aceitacao na industria de processos devido a capacidade de lidar com sistemas multivariados e com restricoes. A presenca de restricoes eleva muito o custo computacional da resolucao destes problemas, o que motivou muitos trabalhos nos ultimos anos a elaborar ferramentas de geracao automatica de codigo para aplicacoes MPC. Esses desenvolvimentos possibilitam a execucao de controladores avancados em sistemas embarcados de baixo custo, que sao cada vez mais aplicaveis a processos industriais devido aos avancos no desenvolvimento dos dispositivos da Internet das Coisas (IoT). Apesar de varias bibliotecas para a implementacao de MPC embarcado existirem, nao existem muitos estudos comparativos, o que dificulta a escolha. O presente trabalho visa comparar tres desses trabalhos (CVXGEN, FalcOpt e muAO-MPC), citar vantagens e desvantagens de algumas dessas ferramentas, testar num sistema embarcado o desempenho de cada uma e apesentar sugestoes de usos e restricoes para aplicacoes.
Pollen and plant macrofossil analyses of radiocarbon dated mid-Holocene profiles from two subalpine lakes in the Rila Mountains, Bulgaria

Pollen analysis, plant macrofossil determination and radiocarbon dating were performed on profiles of Holocene age obtained from two subalpine lakes (2320-2340 m a.s.l.) in the Central Rila Mountains, Bulgaria. The palaeovegetational reconstruction dates back to the mid-Atlantic (6500-6700 cal. BP). The plant macrofossil record revealed that groups of Pinus mugo and Juniperus sibirica were distributed in the subalpine zone. The treeline was shaped by Pinus sylvestris and Pinus peuce and was higher (up to 2200-2300 m a.s.l.) compared with the present-day. A change to cooler summers and warmer winters after 6700 cal. BP, characterized by a rise in humidity and precipitation, stimulated the formation of a coniferous vegetation belt dominated by Pinus sylvestris, Pinus peuce and Abies alba. The pollen assemblages also indicated a dominance of deciduous trees (Quercetum mixtum-Corylus phase) at low altitudes until c. 6000 cal. BP. The sub-Boreal was characterized by a wider distribution of Abies alba in the lower part of the coniferous belt and a gradual enlargement of the areas occupied by Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies after 3800-3500 cal. BP. The macrofossil finds of Picea abies testify to its expansion after 2800 cal. BP when average temperatures dropped and precipitation increased. Traces of human disturbance in the subalpine area are continuously registered in the pollen and plant macrofossil records since 3770 cal. BP, indicating livestock-grazing, burning of dwarf-pine (Pinus mugo) for new pasture land and lowering of the treeline.