Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes of cardiovascular risk factors and their implications in subsequent birth cohorts of older adults in Germany: a life course approach

Background To examine lifetime patterns of cardiovascular risk factors and their implications in subsequent birth cohorts of older adults in Germany, who experienced very different political and socioeconomic conditions at various phases of their lives. Design and methods Participants of the ESTHER study, a statewide cohort study conducted in Saarland, Germany, were categorized into four birth cohorts: 1925-1934, 1935-1939, 1940-1944, 1945-1952. At baseline, lifetime history of body weight, physical activity, smoking and drinking habits, and of physician-diagnosed diabetes mellitus were documented. The average BMI, the average number of hours of physical activity, prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption between ages 20 and 50 years were assessed. The relative risks of a first diagnosis of diabetes mellitus before or at the age of 50 years by birth cohorts were assessed by multiple logistic regressions controlling for education and BMI at the age of 20. Results For both men and women, later birth cohorts had considerably worse lifestyle profiles. The frequency of diabetes mellitus up to the age of 50 years was much higher in the later than in the earlier cohorts. The increase was more pronounced among men than among women. Conclusion Women and men reaching old age in the forthcoming years have more unfavourable lifetime risk factor profiles than earlier birth cohorts. These patterns might have substantial implications for the future burden of chronic disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 14: 809-814 © 2007 The European Society of Cardiology
Development of the tournament selection-based genetic algorithms with the aid of a new selection method

This paper proposes a method that combines tournament selectionbased genetic algorithms (GA) with simulated annealing (SA) to improve the performance of GA. Furthermore random signal-based learning (RSBL) is added as an additional GA operator to refine the solutions after mutation. The fuzzy controller for the inverted pendulum is used to verify the validity of the proposed method.
Renal cell carcinoma.

RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of adult malignancy and 90% to 95% of neoplasms arising from the kidney. It is the sixth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Approximately 31200 new cases of RCC were diagnosed in the United States in 2000 and more than 11900 affected individuals died. This disease often presents with few symptoms but it can have diverse paraneoplastic manifestations. It displays relative resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, although there have been occasional durable responses to interleukin 2 (IL-2)–based immunotherapy. Recent insights into the genetic changes associated with RCC have provided new targets for therapy.
4.2V Tolerant Buck Converter in a Standard 3.3V 0.13μm CMOS Technology

In this paper the design of integrated buck converters, tolerant to supply voltages higher than the process limit for individual CMOS transistors, is presented. In particular, the topologies for the level shifters and the power block are analyzed. Different driving solutions for a general circuit topology that use cascoded transistors in the output stage and can tolerate nearly twice the process voltage limit are discussed. A buck converter core incorporating an optimized usage of this power block and a modified version of a conventional voltage shifter was designed in a standard 3.3V, 0. 13μm CMOS process. The converter is powered by a lithium-ion battery with a voltage range from 2.7V to 4.2V, and can deliver an output current up to 100mA with a programmable output voltage from 0.6V to 2.0V, with up to 90% efriciency. A methodology is presented for verification of high voltage compatibility of circuits design using low voltage technologies.
A Two-Parameter Model for Ultrasonic Tissue Characterization with Harmonic Imaging

Over the past few decades, researchers have developed several approaches such as the Reference Phantom Method (RPM) to estimate ultrasound attenuation coefficient (AC) and backscatter coefficient (BSC). AC and BSC can help to discriminate pathology from normal tissue during in-vivo imaging. In this paper, we propose a new RPM model to simultaneously compute AC and BSC for harmonic imaging and a normalized score that combines the two parameters as a measure of disease progression. The model utilizes the spectral difference between two regions of interest, the first, a proximal, close to the probe and second, a distal, away from the probe. We have implemented an algorithm based on the model and shown that it provides accurate and stable estimates to within 5% of AC and BSC for simulated received echo from post-focal depths of a homogeneous liver-like medium. For practical applications with time gain and time frequency compensated in-phase and quadrature (IQ) data from ultrasound scanner, the method has been approximated and generalized to estimate AC and BSC for tissue layer underlying a more attenuative subcutaneous layer. The angular spectrum approach for ultrasound propagation in biological tissue is employed as a virtual Reference Phantom (VRP). The VRP is calibrated with a fixed probe and scanning protocol for application to liver tissue. In a feasibility study with 16 subjects, the method is able to separate 9/11 cases of progressive non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from 5 normal. In particular, it is able to separate 4/5 cases of non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis and early fibrosis (F<=2) from normal tissue. More extensive clinical studies are needed to assess the full capability of this model for screening and monitoring disease progression in liver and other tissues.
An Adaptive-Robust Control Approach for Trajectory Tracking of two 5 DOF Cooperating Robot Manipulators Moving a Rigid Payload

In this paper, a dual system consisting of two 5 DOF (RRRRR) robot manipulators is considered as a cooperative robotic system used to manipulate a rigid payload on a desired trajectory between two desired initial and end positions/orientations. The forward and inverse kinematic problems are first solved for the dual arm system. Then, dynamics of the system and the relations between forces/moments acting on the object by the robots, using different Jacobian matrices, are derived. The proposed control method is a position control approach; therefore, it does not need the complexity of measurement of forces and moments at the contact points. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the performance of the control algorithm. The robustness of the proposed control scheme is verified in the presence of disturbance and uncertainty.
Genetic mapping of Ty elements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

We used transformation to insert a selectable marker at various sites in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome occupied by the transposable element Ty. The vector CV9 contains the LEU2+ gene and a portion of the repeated element Ty1-17. Transformation with this plasmid resulted in integration of the vector via a reciprocal exchange using homology at the LEU2 locus or at the various Ty elements that are dispersed throughout the S. cerevisiae genome. These transformants were used to map genetically sites of several Ty elements. The 24 transformants recovered at Ty sites define 19 distinct loci. Seven of these were placed on the genetic map. Two classes of Ty elements were identified in these experiments: a Ty1-17 class and Ty elements different from Ty1-17. Statistical analysis of the number of transformants at each class of Ty elements shows that there is preferential integration of the CV9 plasmid into the Ty1-17 class.
WAIS-III Processing Speed Index Scores After TBI: The Influence of Working Memory, Psychomotor Speed and Perceptual Processing

This study investigates the extent to which working memory, motor speed and perceptual processing speed influence Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III) Processing Speed Index (PSI) scores. Sixty-eight adult outpatients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) of varying severity and complete data on all outcome measures were identified. Two cases with outlying values on one outcome measure were omitted from the final sample.Working memory was measured by theWorking Memory Index score from theWAIS-III.Motor speed was measured as score on the Halstead-Reitan Finger Oscillation Test (finger tapping) and perceptual processing as score on the Trail Making Test – Part B. In hierarchical multiple regression analyses, working memory accounted for 10% of the variance in PSI scores, whereas motor speed only accounted for 3%. An independent measure of perceptual processing, Trail Making Test – B, accounted for 26% of the variance in WAIS-III PSI scores. The total variance accounted for by the three factors was 56%. Findings confirm that the WAIS-III PSI scores of individuals who have received a TBI reflect perceptual processing speed, with an additional component attributable to working memory. Motor speed made only a small contribution to WAIS-III PSI scores in the present sample.
Ortho and meta cleavage dioxygenases detected during the degradation of phenolic compounds by amoderately halophilic bacterial consortium

Phenolic compounds are carcinogenic and toxic environmental pollutants which are massively discharged to the terrestrial and marine environment from uncontrolled industrial activities. A moderately halophilic bacterial consortium was isolated from different phenol contaminated sites and marine environment, the degradation pathway followed during the degradation of phenol and 4- chlorophenol by the bacterial consortium was investigated. During the degradation of phenol it was found that only catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase activity was pronounced with a maximum specific activity of 0. 425μm/min/mg of the protein showing the ortho- cleavage pathway at pH 7. In the degradation of 4- chlorophenol it was found that only catechol 2,3 dioxygenase activity was pronounced with a maximum specific activity of 0.412 μm/min/mg of the protein at pH 7 showing the consortium followed metacleavage pathway during the degradation of the substrate. The cell free extracts of bacterial consortium showed cis-cis muconic acid as the intermediate metabolite during the degradation of phenol and 4- chlorocatechol and 5-chloro-2-hydroxymuconate as intermediates during the degradation of 4- chlorophenol, which proved that the moderately halophilic bacterial consortium followed orthocleavage on phenol degradation and meta-cleavage during the degradation of 4-chlorophenol.
Compact electro-thermal modeling and simulation of large area multicellular Trench-IGBT

In this contribution we report on electro-thermal modeling and simulation strategy of large area multicellular Trench-IGBT (TIGBT). The proposed solution is based on two coupled systems: a 3D thermal simulator and a 1D electrical (with temperature dependent parameters) physical model of single TIGBT cell. The single cell electrical model has been calibrated to fit the experimental characteristics of a 1200Volt-1000Ampere commercial TIGBT and the influence on the breakdown behaviour of the second order effects has also been included. The unit cell model has been inserted in the 3D thermal simulator and the time dependent thermal maps have been obtained. As a final results we will present electro-thermal simulations in short-circuit condition; the latch-up onset of the parasitic thyristor will be analyzed.
Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka'u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii

Airborne Visible/Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data acquired over the Ka'u Desert are atmospherically corrected to ground reflectance and used to identify the mineralogic components of relatively young basaltic materials, including 250–700 and 200–400 year old lava flows, 1971 and 1974 flows, ash deposits, and solfatara incrustations. To provide context, a geologic surface units map is constructed, verified with field observations, and supported by laboratory analyses. AVIRIS spectral end-members are identified in the visible (0.4 to 1.2 μm) and short wave infrared (2.0 to 2.5 μm) wavelength ranges. Nearly all the spectral variability is controlled by the presence of ferrous and ferric iron in such minerals as pyroxene, olivine, hematite, goethite, and poorly crystalline iron oxides or glass. A broad, nearly ubiquitous absorption feature centered at 2.25 μm is attributed to opaline (amorphous, hydrated) silica and is found to correlate spatially with mapped geologic surface units. Laboratory analyses show the silica to be consistently present as a deposited phase, including incrustations downwind from solfatara vents, cementing agent for ash duricrusts, and thin coatings on the youngest lava flow surfaces. A second, Ti-rich upper coating on young flows also influences spectral behavior. This study demonstrates that secondary silica is mobile in the Ka'u Desert on a variety of time scales and spatial domains. The investigation from remote, field, and laboratory perspectives also mimics exploration of Mars using orbital and landed missions, with important implications for spectral characterization of coated basalts and formation of opaline silica in arid, acidic alteration environments.
Hematological and histopathological changes in silver catfish Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes) exposed to clomazone herbicide in the Madre River, Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil

This study evaluated the influence of the clomazone herbicide (2-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone) contamination on the hematological parameters and histological changes in gills and liver of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) from Madre River, Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil. Fish were collected between March 2010 and January 2012 at two different sites of the Madre River, one site receiving residual water (contaminated site) from rice culture (n = 49) and another that do not receive residual water (reference site) (n = 48). The herbicide clomazone analysis detected 3.40 ± 1.70 μg/L in the contaminated site and 1.1 ± 0.33 μg/L in the reference site. Fish from contaminated site showed increased (P < 0.05) number of monocytes suggesting the possible defense response as a result of chronic exposure to clomazone. On the other hand, no difference was found in the hematocrit percentage, red blood cell count, total thrombocyte number, white blood cell count, lymphocytes, and neutrophils number. Fish from both sites showed histopathological changes in gills and liver, possibly caused by chronic exposure to contamination. The influence of herbicide sub doses on fish health is also discussed.
Subungual melanoma: A 25‐year review of cases

The purpose of this study was to evaluate subungual melanoma as a site specific entity, to determine the influence of regional nodal involvement, and to ascertain where possible the role of histologic grading of the primary site. Thirty‐three patients with subungual melanoma whose median age was 56 yr underwent treatment between 1950 and 1975. There were 11 male and 22 female patients. Forty‐eight per cent of lesions occurred on the hand. Of 23 clinical stage I patients, seven patients underwent amputation only, while 16 patients underwent amputation and regional nodal dissection. Histologic examination of the primary tumor suggested a trend towards thicker/ulcerated lesions to be associated with metastatic melanoma in regional lymph nodes and/or death due to disease. Early survival patterns favored female patients but there was no significant difference in 10‐year survival when analysed by patient sex. Clinical/pathologic stages were the most significant factors affecting long‐term survival with 5‐ and 10‐year survivals of 66% and 55% in stage I patients and 22% and 0% in stage II patients.
Nucleo‐cytoplasmic shuttling of the hdm2 oncoprotein regulates the levels of the p53 protein via a pathway used by the human immunodeficiency virus rev protein

The hdm2 gene is overexpressed in a variety of human tumors. Its gene product localizes predominantly to the nucleus, where it acts as an inhibitor of the p53 tumor suppressor gene product. It is shown here that the hdm2 oncoprotein constantly shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Shuttling of hdm2 does not depend on its interaction with p53. Nuclear export of hdm2 is mediated by a signal sequence similar to the nuclear export signal of the rev protein from human immunodeficiency virus and other lentiviruses. Mutation of this signal sequence abolishes detectable nucleo‐cytoplasmic shuttling. When fused to a carrier protein, the hdm2 signal sequence can mediate nuclear export after intranuclear microinjection into HeLa cells. The export of hdm2 can be blocked by a competitive inhibitor of rev export, arguing that the export pathways for hdm2 and rev are either overlapping or identical. Inhibition of its export modifies the ability of hdm2 to block p53‐mediated transcriptional activation, and hdm2‘s export function is required to accelerate the degradation of p53. Thus the rev nuclear export pathway may be used to regulate an oncogene product's activity and modulate cellular growth.
Diagnostic delay of oral squamous cell carcinoma in two diagnosis centers in Córdoba Argentina.

UNLABELLED The aim of the present study was to investigate diagnostic delay in oral cancer (OC) in two diagnosis centers in Córdoba, Argentina. Special attention was paid to the role of the patient and the professional in the diagnostic delay. METHODS Seventy clinical records of patients with newly diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma were included. RESULTS Both patients and professionals were responsible for the delay in diagnosis. This delay was longer for tumors in early stages. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the professional delay was the most associated variable to the stage of tumor (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Continuing education in OC and pre-cancerous lesions is important to reduce the professional delay. The findings of the present study also indicate that 58% of the patients are partially responsible for delay in the diagnosis of OC. Intensive public promotion and educational campaigns against OC are also needed to increase patient awareness.
Crystal Structure of MtaN, a Global Multidrug Transporter Gene Activator*

MtaN (Multidrug Transporter Activation, N terminus) is a constitutive, transcriptionally active 109-residue truncation mutant, which contains only the N-terminal DNA-binding and dimerization domains of MerR family member Mta. The 2.75 Å resolution crystal structure of apo-MtaN reveals a winged helix-turn-helix protein with a protruding 8-turn helix (α5) that is involved in dimerization by the formation of an antiparallel coiled-coil. The hydrophobic core and helices α1 through α4 are structurally homologous to MerR family member BmrR bound to DNA, whereas one wing (Wing 1) is shifted. Differences between the orientation of α5 with respect to the core and the revolution of the antiparallel coiled-coil lead to significantly altered conformations of MtaN and BmrR dimers. These shifts result in a conformation of MtaN that appears to be incompatible with the transcription activation mechanism of BmrR and suggest that additional DNA-induced structural changes are necessary.
Determining the Refractive Index In the Extreme Ultraviolet Using Kramers-Kronig on Thin-film Scandium Oxide Transmission Data

Whereas the real part of the refractive index is dependent on both transmittance and re ectance, the imaginary part can be determined from transmittance data alone. It is possible to use KramersKronig analysis to calculate the real part if the imaginary part is known over a su ciently broad range. We show that the delta calculated from re ection and transmission data without taking into account roughness may underestimate the real part of the refractive index of the scandium oxide samples we are studying by up to 40% near 270 eV. PACS numbers: 200.0200, 240.0240, 310.0310, 290.0290. ∗Electronic address: jacquedee@gmail.com
État de l’art : L’influence du domaine sur la classification de l’opinion (State of the Art : Influence of Domain on Opinion Classification) [in French]

for opinion mining becomes imperative. However, sentiment is expressed differently in different domains : words distributions can indeed differ signiﬁcantly. An effective global opinion classiﬁer is therefore hard to develop. Moreover, a classiﬁer trained on a source domain can’t be used without adaptation on a target domain
No association or linkage between an intronic polymorphism of presenilin‐1 and sporadic or late‐onset familial Alzheimer disease

Recent reports have shown an association between an intronic polymorphism of the presenilin‐1 (PSEN1) gene and late‐onset (age at onset > 65) familial and sporadic (no family history) Alzheimer disease (AD). The reported association was independent of the effect of the only previously identified gene associated with late‐onset AD, APOE. Blood samples were obtained from members of 122 multiplex AD families, 42 unrelated cases of AD with positive family histories of dementia, 456 sporadic cases of AD, and 317 controls of similar ages at examination to the cases. These samples were genotyped for an intronic polymorphism of the PSEN1 gene, located 3′ to exon 8, and the data analyzed for evidence of association or linkage. The samples were also genotyped for APOE and the data analyzed to see if the association or linkage changed when controlling for APOE genotype. There was no statistically significant increase (at α = .01) in allele 1 (199 bp) or genotype 1/1 in the sporadic AD cases, or in a random sample of one affected from each multiplex family, compared to controls. When examining the effect of the PSEN1 polymorphism while controlling for APOE genotype, APOE genotype was strongly associated with AD, but the PSEN1 polymorphism genotype was not. Model‐trait dependent (lod score) and independent (SimIBD) methods detected no evidence of linkage between PSEN1 and AD. In this independent dataset, the previously reported association between the intronic PSEN1 polymorphism and AD cannot be confirmed, and the conclusion that PSEN1 is a major susceptibility gene for late‐onset AD is not supported. Genet. Epidemiol. 14:307–315,1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design Study of High Efficiency CW Klystron for CEPC*

In order to reduce energy consumption and operating cost for CEPC, the 650MHz/800kW high efficiency klystron has been regarded as a priority key technology to be researched and developed. In this paper, the recent progress of high efficiency CW klystron for CEPC is reviewed briefly. Then the RF section design study of the second stage of high efficiency klystron for CEPC is presented. Several computer codes have been used for klystron simulation. The simulation results with different codes are presented, which are in good agreement. The whole klystron simulation using 3D PIC solver in CST indicated that the klystron efficiency was achieved up to 78% with asymmetry coaxial coupler.