Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oxygen saturation and heart rate during delivery room resuscitation of infants <30 weeks’ gestation with air or 100% oxygen

Background: Because of concerns about harmful effects of 100% oxygen on newborn infants, air has started to be used for resuscitation in the delivery room. Objective: To describe changes in preductal oxygen saturation (Spo2) and heart rate (HR) in the first 10 min after birth in very preterm infants initially resuscitated with 100% oxygen (OX100) or air (OX21). Patients and methods: In July 2006, policy changed from using 100% oxygen to air. Observations of Spo2 and HR before and after the change were recorded whenever a member of the research team was available to attend the birth. Results: There were 20 infants in the OX100 group and 106 in the OX21 group. In the OX100 group, Spo2 had risen to a median of 84% after 2 min and 94% by 5 min. In the OX21 group, median Spo2 was 31% at 2 min and 54% at 5 min. In the OX21 group, 92% received supplemental oxygen at a median of 5 min; the Spo2 rose to a median of 81% by 6 min. In the first 10 min after birth, 80% and 55% of infants in the OX100 and OX21 groups, respectively, had an Spo2 ⩾95%. Increases in HR over the first 10 min were very similar in the two groups. Conclusions: Most very preterm infants received supplemental oxygen if air was used for the initial resuscitation. In these infants, the use of backup 100% oxygen and titration against Spo2 resulted in a similar course to “normal” term and preterm infants. Of the infants resuscitated with 100% oxygen, 80% had Spo2 ⩾95% during the first 10 min. The HR changes in the two groups were very similar.
Device for measurement of optical visibility

This paper is about a proposed device for the optical visibility measurement. This device is usable for monitoring of the fog mightiness. The principle of device is based on comparison of attenuation on two optical links. The fog mightiness is determined by the using of the Beer-Lambert Law. The philosophy of electrical arrangement is also explained.
Interplay among Cyclic Diguanylate, HapR, and the General Stress Response Regulator (RpoS) in the Regulation of Vibrio cholerae Hemagglutinin/Protease

ABSTRACT Vibrio cholerae secretes the Zn-dependent metalloprotease hemagglutinin (HA)/protease (mucinase), which is encoded by hapA and displays a broad range of potential pathogenic activities. Expression of HA/protease has a stringent requirement for the quorum-sensing regulator HapR and the general stress response regulator RpoS. Here we report that the second messenger cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) regulates the production of HA/protease in a negative manner. Overexpression of a diguanylate cyclase to increase the cellular c-di-GMP pool resulted in diminished expression of HA/protease and its positive regulator, HapR. The effect of c-di-GMP on HapR was independent of LuxO but was abolished by deletion of the c-di-GMP binding protein VpsT, the LuxR-type regulator VqmA, or a single-base mutation in the hapR promoter that prevents autorepression. Though expression of HapR had a positive effect on RpoS biosynthesis, direct manipulation of the c-di-GMP pool at a high cell density did not significantly impact RpoS expression in the wild-type genetic background. In contrast, increasing the c-di-GMP pool severely inhibited RpoS expression in a ΔhapR mutant that is locked in a regulatory state mimicking low cell density. Based on the above findings, we propose a model for the interplay between HapR, RpoS, and c-di-GMP in the regulation of HA/protease expression.
Multiple pronunciation model for Amharic speech recognition system

In this paper the research have tried to show the pattern variations of sound units in Amharic language for multiple pronunciation model. This are variation of sound units at lexical level due to dialects. After that an attempt to build a pronunciation dictionary for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). At last comments and recommendations are included. Amharic is an official language of Ethiopia. It is a Semitic language that has the greatest number of speakers after Arabic. Amharic has five dialectical variations spoken named as: Addis Ababa, Gojam, Gonder ,Wollo and Menz[1]. The Amharic writing system uses multitudes of ways to denote compound words and there is no agreed upon spelling standard for compounds. As a result of this and of the size of the country leading to vast dialectal dispersion, lexical variation and homophony is very common [2]. Pronunciation variation is a phenomenon observed within a speaker or within a group of speakers of the same dialect or among speakers across dialects of the same language. Pronunciation variation deals with the different ways of speaking a given word. Pronunciation variation modeling has been studied in the field of speech synthesis and recognition to improve performance of the corresponding speech systems [3]. The Amharic orthography as it is represented in the Amharic character set consists of 276 distinct symbols. These symbols are classified into four groups. In the first category (33*7=231) there are thirtythree core orthographic symbols, each of which has seven different shapes, usually known as orders, to represent the seven vowels. Each consonant and the seven vowels in combination represent CV syllables[4]. Each of these consonant and vowel grapheme can appear independently or can form a combinant letter. Each consonant can form CV pattern except with the vowel /ix/ (called epenthesis vowel)[5] . The second category (4*5=20) consists of four labio-velar symbols, which have five orders. The eighteen labelized consonant, which have only one order, are the third category. The fourth category is the representation of numbers from 1 to 10 and multiples of 10 each with different symbols [4]. The Amharic language script is called Ethiopic. Even though the vowel modification is not entirely semantic, the Ethiopic script is a syllabic structure [5]. The first International Workshop on Spoken Languages Technologies for Under-resourced languages (SLTU 2008) The first International Workshop on Spoken Languages Technologies for Under-resourced languages (SLTU 2008)
Non-linear surface waves at a single interface of semimagnetic semiconductor–left handed materials (LHM)

The nonlinear characteristics of TE surface waves at microwave frequencies in a layered structure of non-linear semimagneticsemiconductor cover and left-handed material substrate have been investigated. Numerical analysis and derivation were carried out for the dispersion relation in its general form. The power flow has also been studied as a function of wave number for different frequencies and magnetic fields. It is shown that the proposed waveguide structure depends significantly on the operating wave frequency and can be efficiently controlled by varying the frequency.
NIST 2013 Open Handwriting Recognition and Translation (Open HaRT'13) Evaluation

This paper describes the NIST 2013 Open Handwriting Recognition and Translation evaluation (OpenHaRT'13). A short background leading to the start of OpenHaRT is included. The test designs pertaining to the tasks, the data used, the performance measurements, and the protocols are presented. The participants and their submissions are mentioned followed by the evaluation results and some preliminary analyses. The paper concludes with some thoughts toward future evaluations.
Mass spectrometric identification of proteins from silver‐stained polyacrylamide gel: A method for the removal of silver ions to enhance sensitivity

Mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for the identification of proteins at nanogram quantities. However, some degree of sample preparation prior to mass spectrometry is required, and silver‐stained protein gel samples are most problematic. Here we report our strategy to obtain peptide mass profiles from silver‐stained protein gel samples from one‐ or two‐dimensional gels by destaining prior to enzymatic digestion. This study demonstrates that by using the destaining method, the sensitivity and quality of mass spectra is increased for matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometric analysis, permitting more proteins to be identified by peptide mass database analysis.
Murine DEP‐1, a receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, is expressed in macrophages and is regulated by CSF‐1 and LPS

The spectrum of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) expressed in bone marrow‐derived murine macrophages (BMMs) was examined using reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. Ten different PTP cDNAs were isolated and in this study we focus on mDEP‐1, a type III receptor PTP. Three mDEP‐1 transcripts were expressed in primary macrophages and macrophage cell lines and were induced during macrophage differentiation of M1 myeloid leukemia cells. A variant mRNA was identified that encodes an alternate carboxyl‐terminus and 3 UTR. The expression of mDEP‐1 was down‐regulated by CSF‐1 (macrophage colony‐stimulating factor) and up‐regulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide, an important physiological regulator of macrophage function that opposes CSF‐1 action. Whole mount in situ hybridization, and immunolocalization of the protein, confirmed that mDEP‐1 is expressed by a subset of embryonic macrophages in the liver and mesenchyme. mDEP‐1 was also detected in the eye and peripheral nervous system of the developing embryo. Attempts to express mDEP‐1 constitutively in the macrophage cell line RAW264 were unsuccessful, with results suggesting that the gene product inhibits cell proliferation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 64: 692–701; 1998.
Sensorless PWM rectifiers with active filter action

This paper presents experimental results of a sensorless control strategy for PWM rectifiers with active filtering function. The proposed technique, already presented for PWM rectifiers, has the capability to reject harmonic components from the grid, and can be employed for harmonic mitigation of shunt connected load. The mitigation of harmonics of the current shaping control is improved with a multiple resonant scheme tuned in the desired components.
Daily Rhythms of Serum Leptin in Ewes: Effects of Feeding, Pregnancy and Lactation

The aim of the present study was to test whether serum concentrations of leptin in ewes vary with a daily rhythm. For this purpose, we examined 24 h serum leptin profiles of ewes exposed to natural photoperiodic conditions and subjected to two different feeding schedules (regular feeding and fasting). The results show for the first time the existence of daily rhythm of plasma leptin in regularly fed ewes, with a minimum during the light phase and a peak during the dark phase. Daily rhythms of serum leptin persisted after 50 h of fasting, although fasting shifted the peak of the rhythm to the beginning of the light phase and significantly reduced daily leptin production. To gain a better understanding of the role of leptin in the temporal organization of physiological events related to pregnancy and lactation, we measured serum leptin profiles throughout 24 h in ewes either during pregnancy or lactation. Daily leptin rhythms were found to persist during pregnancy and lactation, but both physiological conditions altered leptin concentrations. Maternal serum leptin concentration rose between early and mid pregnancy, then decreased in the late pregnancy and during lactation. Daily serum leptin concentration was significantly lower in nonpregnant, nonlactating ewes, compared either to lactating or to early pregnant ewes.
Battles in volatile information and communication technology landscape: the Malaysia small and medium enterprise case

With today's real economy of global slowdown and minefield, sustainability is showing signs that barebone ICT tools spending which are currently crucial for tomorrow's new field competitiveness is unavoidable. Legacy framework spending during bubbling economy that was initially designed for greenfield larger complex enterprise have overload traditional SME's cost sensitive battlefield cramped under evolving infrastructure expectations. While positive technology adoptions have been vastly reviewed in the past, there is great importance on how change management will be applied in an environment of restricted volatile resources. From the primary survey findings in this paper, the research has validated that Malaysia's SMEs are still immature in their preparation to battle the volatile ICT landscape. This paper proposes an alignment of the factors behind the approaches for technology change in the area of severity, survival, differentiating and the weapon use in business.
Lack of a role for Jun kinase and AP-1 in Fas-induced apoptosis

Cross-linking of Fas (CD95) induces apoptosis, a response that has been reported to depend upon the Ras activation pathway. Since many examples of apoptosis have been reported to involve AP-1 and/or the AP-1-activation pathway. Since many examples of apoptosis have been reported to involve AP-1 and/or the AP-1-activating enzyme Jun kinase (JNK), downstream effectors of Ras or Ras-like small GTP-binding proteins, we evaluated the role of these molecules in Fas-mediated apoptosis. Although cross-linking of Fas on Jurkat T cells did result in JNK activation, increased activity was observed relatively late, being detectable only after 60 min of stimulation. Expression of a dominant negative form of SEK1 that blocked Fas-mediated induction of JNK activity had no effect on Fas-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, maximally effective concentrations of anti-Fas did not cause JNK activation if apoptosis was blocked by a cysteine protease inhibitor, suggesting that under these conditions, activation of JNK may be secondary to the stress of apoptosis rather than a direct result of Fas engagement. Despite the activation of JNK, there was no induction of AP-1 activity as determined by gel shift assay or induction of an AP-1-responsive reporter. The lack of a requirement for AP-1 induction in Fas-mediated death was further substantiated with Jurkat cells that were stably transfected with a dominant negative cJun, TAM-67. While TAM-67 effectively prevented AP-1-dependent transcription of both the interleukin-2 and cJun genes, it had no effect on Fas-induced cell death, even at limiting levels of Fas signaling. Thus, induction of JNK activity in Jurkat cells by ligation of Fas at levels sufficient to cause cell death is likely a result, rather than a cause, of the apoptotic response, and AP-1 function is not required for Fas-induced apoptosis.
Raised plasma concentration and ex vivo production of inflammatory chemokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Background: Chemokines are involved in leucocyte chemotaxis. Infiltrating leucocytes play an important role of tissue injury in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objective: To investigate the role of inflammatory chemokines and their association with interleukin 18 (IL18) in SLE pathogenesis and disease activity. Methods: Plasma concentrations and ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cell production of inflammatory chemokines IP-10, RANTES, MIG, MCP-1, TARC, IL8, and GROα, and proinflammatory cytokines IL18, IFNγ, IL2, IL4, and IL10 were assayed in 80 SLE patients with or without renal disease and 40 healthy controls by immunofluorescence flow cytometry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Plasma IP10, RANTES, MIG, MCP-1, GROα, and IL18 concentrations in all SLE patients were higher than in controls, and correlated significantly with SLEDAI score (all p<0.05). In SLE patients without renal disease, IP10, RANTES, MIG, MCP-1, IL8, and IL18 correlated positively with SLEDAI score, while in those with renal derangement, IP10, IL8, IL10, and IL18 correlated with disease activity (all p<0.05). Plasma IL18 concentration correlated positively with IP10, MIG, GROα, and IL8 in all SLE patients (all p<0.005). Mitogen induced increases in ex vivo production of IP10, MCP-1, TARC, IFNγ, IL4, and IL10 were higher in all SLE patients regardless of their difference in disease activity (all p<0.05). Patients with renal disease had an augmented ex vivo release of RANTES. Conclusions: The correlation of raised plasma concentration and ex vivo production of inflammatory chemokines with disease activity, and their association with IL18, supports the view that chemotaxis of Th1/Th2 lymphocytes and neutrophils is important in SLE pathogenesis.
Comparative FISH-mapping of six expressed gene loci to river buffalo and sheep chromosomes

Six expressed gene loci (NF1, CRYB1, CHRNB1, TP53, P4HB and GH1), recently assigned to cattle chromosome 19 by both radiation hybrid analysis and FISH-mapping, were comparatively FISH-mapped to river buffalo chromosome (BBU) 3p and sheep chromosome (OAR) 11, extending the physical map in these two important bovids. The six loci mapped to the same homoeologous chromosome bands of BBU 3p and OAR 11, and their gene order was centromere–NF1–CRYB1–CHNRB1–TP53–(GH1, P4HB).
The relationship between social support and major depression: cross-sectional, longitudinal, and genetic perspectives.

Although social support (SS) is associated with risk for major depression (MD), we are uncertain of the extent to which a) low SS increases risk for MD, b) MD lowers SS, or c) both variables reflect a common genetic liability. Using two waves of interview data on female twin pairs from a population-based registry, we examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal association of eight dimensions of perceived SS and MD. Risk for MD in the last year was inversely associated with supportive spouse and relative relationships, and directly associated with problems in these relationships (e.g., too many demands, criticism, tension, and disagreements). Significant cross-time associations were seen only for spousal variables. The history of MD in one twin significantly predicted low relative and spouse support, and relative and friend problems, in her co-twin (MZ > DZ pairs). The relationship between SS and MD in women is complex and due to at least the three separate mechanisms outlined above that operate to varying degrees in different dimensions of SS.
Effects of PPAR-γ Knock-down and Hyperglycemia on Insulin Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Hypertensive Rats

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, a target in the treatment of diabetes, improves insulin sensitivity and exerts cardiovascular protective effects by mechanisms that are not completely elucidated. To investigate underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for PPAR-γ-associated vascular insulin signaling in hypertension, we tested whether PPAR-γ downregulation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from WKY and SHRSP rats would decrease insulin signaling and glucose uptake and whether this response would be worsened by hyperglycemia to a greater extent in VSMC of hypertensive origin. Passaged mesenteric artery VSMC grown in euglycemic (5.5 mmol/L) or hyperglycemic media (25.0 mmol/L) were treated with PPAR-γ-siRNA (5 nmol/L), PPAR-γ antagonist (GW-9662, 10 μmol/L), or PPAR-γ activator (rosiglitazone, 10 μmol/L) in the presence or absence of insulin (100 nmol/L). Immunoblotting revealed that hyperglycemia and PPAR-γ inhibition significantly (P < 0.001) decreased insulin-stimulated insulin receptor (IR)-β, Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β phosphorylation, whereas phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-1B expression was increased in VSMC from both strains. These effects were more pronounced in SHRSP under hyperglycemia. Rosiglitazone tended to increase insulin-mediated IR-β, Akt, and GSK-3β phosphorylation in VSMC from both strains, whereas insulin-induced PTP-1B expression was reduced by hyperglycemia. Insulin-stimulated GLUT-4 expression and glucose transport were attenuated by hyperglycemia in both VSMC. These data suggest that PPAR-γ inhibition results in decreased insulin signaling, particularly in SHR, in an IR-β phosphorylation-dependent manner.
Urgency-Based MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Body Area Networks

In this paper, an Urgency-based MAC (U-MAC) protocol, in which sensor nodes reporting urgent health information are given higher priority by cutting-off the number of packet retransmission of sensor nodes with non urgent health information, is proposed. The main consideration of this work is providing Quality of Service (QoS) support in medical wireless sensor networks through differentiating nodal access to the medium. The proposed MAC protocol is mathematically analyzed considering a beacon-enabled star network configuration of the IEEE 802.15. 4a standard at 2.4 GHz. The used wireless body area network (WBAN) consists of N sensor nodes controlled by a single network coordinator. The obtained performance results show the capability of the proposed UMAC protocol in providing service differentiation in medical WBAN. Also, the results show that the number of critical nodes that can be supported by WBAN and their packet arrival rates decrease as the number of packet retransmission of such nodes is increased.
KDEVIR at ImageCLEF 2014 Scalable Concept Image Annotation Task: Ontology based Automatic Image Annotation

y Abstract. In this paper, we describe our participation in the Image- CLEF 2014 Scalable Concept Image Annotation task. In this partici- pation, we propose a novel approach of automatic image annotation by using ontology at several steps of supervised learning. In this regard, we construct tree-like ontology for each annotating concept of images using WordNet and Wikipedia as primary source of knowledge. The con- structed ontologies are used throughout the proposed framework includ- ing several phases of training and testing of one-vs-all SVMs classier. Experimental results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the pro- posed framework.
Efficient estimation and compensation of Doppler shift for OFDM signals in underwater communications

A novel method of windowing for Doppler detection and compensation over an underwater acoustic (UWA) multipath channel employing orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) signaling is presented. This new method involves transmitting a preamble of upto three OFDM symbols, while at the receiver a windowing technique is applied to estimate the Doppler shift post FFT. This estimated shift is used to compensate the Doppler shift of further data symbols transmitted over the channel. Simulations have been performed over an UWA multipath channel in the presence of ambient ocean noise using the proposed method, with BER as a Quality of Service parameter, studied for different Doppler shifts. Significantly, the proposed approach avoids resampling as well as the need for buffering the whole data packet before demodulation and facilitates online receiver operation for an OFDM based UWA communication system. The proposed method is easily implemented with significantly reduced computational complexity.