Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Approach of Multi-Criteria Decision Making to Determine the Most Habitable Planet

Every planet in the universe has its own characteristics. These features make the planets different among themselves. For this reason, all the different properties of the planets must be evaluated at the same time when determining habitable planets. This situation requires a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach. In this study, a list of habitable planets (nine planets and the Moon) has been considered. Seventeen different criteria such as mass, gravity, diameter, density, escape velocity, rotation time, day of length, distance from the sun, perihelion, aphelion, orbital period, orbital velocity, orbital inclination, orbital eccentricity, obliquity to orbit, mean temperature, and number of satellites are taken into account. The weights of criteria are determined with DEMATEL (The Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) by analyzing the interactions among criteria. Orbital inclination is the criterion with the highest weight, and the criterion with the lowest weight is the number of satellites. After weighting the criteria with DEMATEL, VIKOR (VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference to Similarity to Ideal Solution) approaches are used to rank the planets. According to the TOPSIS, Earth is ranked first, Venus ranked second and Mercury ranked third in the order of the most habitable planets. According to the VIKOR method, Earth is ranked first, Mars is ranked second, and Mercury is ranked third in the order of the most habitable planets. Finally, the same calculations are considered with equal weights and the results are discussed. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2022-03-02-04 Full Text: PDF
Investigation of Abrasive Cutting of Ceramic Matrix Composites Based on Thin-Walled Elements Using Diamond Wire

: Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) are innovative materials used in industries such as aviation, space and automotive because of their exceptional properties. However, an incorrect choice of the cutting method for such type of material may lead to delamination of a composite structure and reduce structure strength shortening its service life. The most commonly used forms of processing these materials are laser cutting technologies, water jet cutting or electro erosive machining. This prospective study was designed to investigate the possibilities and usefulness of applying the abrasive diamond wire for cutting CMC composites, specifically composite pipes made of C/C-SiC with the Liquid Silicone Infiltration (LSI). A complex microstructure of this material translates into significant machining difficulties. This paper presents the results of the preliminary tests and describes the impact of technological parameters on surface quality, edge damage and tool behaviour and wear. Briefly, a wire-reinforced permanently with a diamond grain of 120/140 μ m was selected. The cutting speed between 5 and 15 m/s and the wire pressure for two values of 4,4 N and 5,5 N (they were selected experimentally) were used as variable parameters. Expectations for cutting effects focused on assessing edge quality (potential edge chipping), surface quality and answering the question of whether the method promotes material delamination. Preliminary results have shown that cutting with diamond wire is well suited for CMC materials and a surface quality of less than 2 μ m is fully satisfactory. It has been shown that the obtained values of surface roughness correspond to industrial conditions and are competitive or even better than for other machining technologies. Despite the initial satisfactory results, the research requires further development.
Critical Zone Structure by Elastic Full Waveform Inversion of Seismic Refractions in a Sandstone Catchment, Central Pennsylvania, USA

Seismic imaging provides key information for revealing structures within Earth's critical zone (CZ) and quantifying subsurface fluid properties. The P‐wave velocity (Vp) models estimated by seismic refraction tomography or acoustic full waveform inversion (FWI) are useful to delineate the thicknesses of weathered bedrock but ambiguously map fluid properties in CZ. Considering the complementary sensitivity of S‐wave to subsurface fluid saturation, we explore advanced elastic full waveform inversion (EFWI) to estimate both Vp and S‐wave velocity (Vs) models simultaneously. Several strategies are proposed for robust EFWI implementation of noisy single (vertical) component refraction data: (a) we window seismic data to preserve early arrivals mainly including P‐wave, converted waves, and S‐wave refractions; (b) we use a correlative misfit rather than the classic L2 misfit to alleviate the interference of unreliable data amplitudes; and (c) we perform inversion using a multiscale frequency strategy with the iterative constraint with the rule of Vp/Vs > 1. We validate that the EFWI approach reliably reconstructs Vp and Vs models using synthetic data. Then, we apply our EFWI approach to seismic refraction data acquired at the Garner Run site of the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory. The inverted Vp and Vs models indicate three distinguished layers and with significant lateral and depth heterogeneities (e.g., low Vp and Vs zones). Joint analyses of Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs with rock‐physics knowledge reveal potential gas or water gathering zones.
Rapamycin ameliorates chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep deprivation-induced renal damage via the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway

ABSTRACT Rapamycin inhibits the activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) by regulating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) to treat obstructive sleep apnea-related renal injury. Sleep deprivation (SD) and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) mouse models were used to assess the effects of autophagy in vivo. Compared with the control, SD, and CIH groups, the SD+CIH group had lower body weight and higher levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and urinary albumin (U-Alb) (P < 0.05); renal injury and oxidative damage occurred in the SD+CIH group, the kidney cell nucleus ruptured, and morphological structure of the cells was unclear in the SD+CIH group. The SD+CIH group demonstrated increased apoptosis compared with the control, SD, and CIH groups using Western blot analysis. Compared to the control, SD, and CIH groups, the SD+CIH group showed a higher degree of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3\ staining. Compared to the SD+CIH group, BUN, creatinine, and U-Alb levels decreased, and apoptosis increased in the SD+CIH+rapamycin group, and the structure of the kidney after rapamycin treatment was well preserved. The mTOR expression was increased in the kidneys of the SD+CIH group. The NLRP3, Gasdermin D (GMDSD), interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1β, and cleaved-caspase-1 protein levels were higher in the SD+CIH group than the SD+CIH+rapamycin group, and the NLRP3, GMDSD, IL-18, IL-1β, and cleaved-caspase-1 mRNA levels were higher in the SD+CIH group than the SD+CIH+rapamycin group. Following rapamycin treatment, pyroptosis was suppressed. Rapamycin ameliorates renal damage by inhibiting the mTOR/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Graphical abstract
Efficient lignin depolymerization with Ru- and W- modified bi-functional solid acid catalyst

A novel Ru-modified composite catalyst, Ru-W/Sn-AlOx, was prepared, and the effects of the catalyst on lignin depolymerization were investigated in this study. The catalyst converted approximately 95% lignin into liquid product at 300 °C in 12 h and 2/3 of the liquid product could be soluble in petroleum ether. The petroleum ether (PE) soluble product was mainly composed of monomers, dimers and some trimmers. This indeed indicated that the catalyst could effectively depolymerize lignin into small-molecule products. 7.22% of monomers was obtained at 310 C for 12 h. Meanwhile, the catalyst effectively reduced the char formation to 2%. After the catalytic depolymerization, the higher heating value (HHV) of the liquid product increased from 25.7 to 32.4 MJ/kg. The product could be utilized as fuel additive or converted to biofuels. This catalysis system showed great potential in the conversion of lignin into biofuels.
Senescence in Temperate Broadleaf Trees Exhibits Species-Specific Dependence on Photoperiod Versus Thermal Forcing

Incomplete understanding of the processes controlling senescence limits our ability to forecast how the timing of leaf senescence will change in coming decades. In this study, we use a hierarchical Bayesian model (HBM) in association with a 27 + year record of field observations for 12 temperate deciduous tree species collected at Harvard Forest in central Massachusetts to examine how variability in bioclimatic controls affects the timing of leaf senescence. To test how general and extensible our results are over a broader biogeographic range, we used a multi-year record of land surface phenology derived from remote sensing encompassing all forested lands in New England. Results from the HBM showed that while air temperature is an important factor that influences the timing of leaf senescence, photoperiod uniformly exerts the strongest control across all 12 species. Species exhibiting the strongest dependence on photoperiod, particularly Acer species, showed low inter-annual variation and no long-term trends in the timing of leaf senescence. In contrast, species with greater dependence on air temperature, particularly Quercus species, showed statistically significant trends toward later senescence dates in response to long-term warming. Results from analyses conducted at regional scale across all of New England using data derived from remote sensing corroborated results obtained at Harvard Forest. Specifically, relative to ecoregions dominated by Quercus species , the timing of leaf senescence in ecoregions dominated by Acer species exhibited lower interannual variability and lower correlation with year-to-year variation in pre-senescence period mean air temperatures. These results suggest that forecasting how the timing of leaf senescence in temperate forests will change in the future requires species-specific understanding of how bioclimatic forcing controls the timing of leaf senescence.
Influence of Supplier sustainability on Organizational Performance in Food and Beverage Manufacturing Companies in Kenya

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of supplier sustainability on organizational performance in food and beverage manufacturing companies in Kenya. Supplier sustainability is part of emerging issues in the dynamic business world as it is part of the Triple Bottom Line approach that wants businesses to not only focus on their profitability and the planet, but is also in the people aspect-which in this study is the supplier in their business operations. Sustainability philosophy points at the importance of not only doing business now and succeeding, but also ensuring the business continues into the distant future. Supplier sustainability in the food and beverage manufacturing arena is important since most industries depend on the contracted farmers, in this study, the supplier for their input materials. The study employed a descriptive research design. The study used systems theory. The target population was 534 respondents comprising of 217 procurement managers and 217 procurement officers from 217 food and beverage manufacturing companies. Using Yamane’s formula , a sample size of 230 respondents comprising of 115 managers and 115 procurement officers was selected from 115 food and beverage manufacturing companies in Kenya. Simple random sampling was used to get the sample for the study. Purposive sampling was used to get top procurement personnel in the food and beverage manufacturing firms. Primary data was collected by the use of a questionnaire. Analysis of data was done using descriptive and regression analysis. From the model, (R 2 = .490) shows that supplier sustainability accounts for 49% variation in organizational performance in food and beverage manufacturing companies in Kenya. T here was a significant influence of supplier sustainability (β=.520) on performance of food and beverage manufacturing companies . The study concluded that supplier sustainability influences the performance of food and beverage manufacturing companies. suppliers are sustainable and have an environmental management system that both buyer and supplier understand. The study proposes further research in other manufacturing sectors and also proposes that data is collected from the supplier side to corroborate research in this area. Gatari and Were (2014), did a study on application challenges of green supply chain management in manufacturing sector in Kenya: Unga Limited Kenya, case study. The results showed that, there was inadequate change in the organization and its structures to support implementation of green supply chain management.
An asymmetric CPW‐fed modified bow tie‐shaped antenna with parasitic elements for ultra‐wideband applications

In this paper, a modified bow tie‐shaped antenna for ultra‐wideband (UWB) communication applications is presented. The anticipated antenna consists of a CPW‐fed modified bow tie‐shaped patch and two asymmetric ground planes with dual parasitic elements. Electromagnetic computation on the antenna demonstrates that the patch and grounds are strongly linked, and the designed antenna can exhibit multiple resonances which overlap to reveal the UWB working spectrum. Experimental verification of the presented antenna shows that the antenna achieved a working band of 3.2–11.0 GHz, with a fractional bandwidth of 109.9%. The antenna also attained a peak gain of 4.32 dBi at 7.3 GHz and peak efficiency of 87.3% at 6.8 GHz and reveals excellent time‐domain behavior and omnidirectional radiation patterns throughout the operating band. A small‐size, large operating band, high gain and efficiency, high fidelity factor, omnidirectional radiation patterns, and very small group delay make the antenna ideal for portable communication devices in the UWB band.
Behaviour of offshore pipelines subjected to residual curvature during laying.

During S-lay installation of offshore pipelines, the pipe is exposed to plastic strains when the pipe passes over a stinger exceeding a certain curvature. This means that the pipe leaves the stinger with a residual curvature. When passing the inflection point, the bending of the pipe is reversed, i.e. the residual curvature has to be overcome. This occurs partially through bending and partially through twisting. The twisting is here referred to as roll. Three different models are established to investigate the roll phenomenon. Firstly, a simplified analytical energy approach is presented. Secondly, 3D pipeline installation is simulated in a nonlinear FE-program. Finally, a solution of a governing differential equation for the roll based on a 2D pipeline configuration is found. The purpose is to quantify the roll angle and the as-laid state of strain and geometry for specified laying conditions. Furthermore, dimensionless graphs predicting roll initiation and roll angle magnitude are presented. The results show that if plastic deformations occur on the stinger, roll is likely to occur due to the reversed bending in the underbend. Thus, the primary consequences of the plastic deformation over the stinger and subsequent pipeline roll in the underbend are additional strains and stresses inmore » the as-laid pipe. « less
Reducing structural non-identifiabilities in upstream bioprocess models using profile-likelihood

Process models are increasingly used to support upstream process development in the biopharmaceutical industry for process optimization, scale-up and to reduce experimental effort. Parametric unstructured models based biological mechanisms are highly promising, since they do not require large amounts of data. The critical part in the application is the certainty of the parameter estimates, since uncertainty of the parameter estimates propagates to model predictions and can increase the risk associated with those predictions. Currently Fisher-Information-Matrix based approximations or Monte-Carlo approaches are used to estimate parameter confidence intervals and regularization approaches to decrease parameter uncertainty. Here we apply profile likelihood to determine parameter identifiability of a recent upstream process model. We have investigated the effect of data amount on identifiability and found out that addition of data reduces non-identifiability. The likelihood profiles of non-identifiable parameters were then used to uncover structural model changes. These changes effectively alleviate the remaining non-identifiabilities except for a single parameter out of 21 total parameters. We present the first application of profile likelihood to a complete upstream process model. Profile likelihood is a highly suitable method to determine parameter confidence intervals in upstream process models and provides reliable estimates even with non-linear models and limited data.
StrainPanDA: linked reconstruction of strain composition and gene content profiles via pangenome-based decomposition of metagenomic data

Background Microbial strains of variable functional capacities co-exist in microbiomes. Current bioinformatics methods of strain analysis cannot provide the direct linkage between strain composition and their gene contents from metagenomic data. Methods Here we present StrainPanDA (Strain-level Pangenome Decomposition Analysis), a novel method that uses the pangenome coverage profile of multiple metagenomic samples to simultaneously reconstruct the composition and gene content variation of co-existing strains in microbial communities. Results We systematically validate the accuracy and robustness of StrainPanDA using synthetic datasets. To demonstrate the power of gene-centric strain profiling, we then apply StrainPanDA to analyze the gut microbiome samples of infants, as well as patients treated with fecal microbiota transplantation. We show that the linked reconstruction of strain composition and gene content profiles is critical for understanding the relationship between microbial adaptation and strain-specific functions (e.g., nutrient utilization, pathogenicity). Conclusions StrainPanDA can be applied to metagenomic datasets to detect association between molecular functions and microbial/host phenotypes to formulate testable hypotheses and gain novel biological insights at the strain or subspecies level.
Two cases of malformations in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821) in Aragua, Venezuela

Sergio Cobarrubia-Russo1*, Imogen Sawyer2, and Alimar Molero-Lizarraga3 1Laboratory of Ecosystems and Global Change, Ecology Center, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 20632, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela 2Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, Scotland 3Biological Diversity Unit, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 20632, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 promotes hepatocellular cancer progression and chemoresistance by enhancing protein kinase B activation through microRNA-381-mediated SET domain bifurcated 1

ABSTRACT Metastasis and chemoresistance are the leading causes of death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) may be useful as diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic markers for HCC. In this study, we set out to investigate the possible role of miR-381 in HCC development and chemoresistance along with the related mechanism. Microarray-based gene expression profiling was carried out to analyze the expression of SET domain bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) and histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) followed by validation in clinical HCC tissues and cells. The potential binding between miR-381 and SETDB1 was found and verified. Then, the role of SETDB1 in HCC in relation to miR-381 and protein kinase B (AKT) pathway was explored through gain- and loss-of-function approaches. After expression determination of EZH2, SETDB1, miR-381, and AKT pathway-related factors, their reactions were analyzed and their functional roles in HCC progression and chemoresistance were investigated in vitro and in vivo. SETDB1 was aberrantly upregulated in clinical HCC tissues and cells. This upregulation activated AKT pathway by promoting its tri-methylation on K64. SETDB1 promoted the proliferation, migration and chemoresistance through the AKT pathway in HCC cells. In a xenograft mouse model, SETDB1 promoted HCC cell tumorigenesis in vivo by activating the AKT pathway. Furthermore, EZH2 suppressed miR-381 by catalyzing the activity of H3K27me3 on its promoter region. In conclusion, EZH2 suppressed miR-381 expression by promoting H3K27me3 activity on its promoter region to facilitate SETDB1 expression, thereby activating the AKT pathway to promote hepatocarcinogenesis and chemoresistance.
Ti3C2Tx MXene‐RAN van der Waals Heterostructure‐Based Flexible Transparent NIR Photodetector Array for 1024 Pixel Image Sensing Application

The enriched surface functional group such as OH termination and unique 2D structure of Ti3C2Tx MXene provide the feasibility to form hydrogen bonds with organic photosensitive materials as van der Waals heterostructures, thus can realize the improved photoresponsivity of near infrared (NIR) photodetectors (PDs). In this work, an organic–inorganic van der Waals heterostructure‐based NIR PD array is designed using Ti3C2Tx MXene as conductive electrodes and RAN film as active materials (Ti3C2Tx‐RAN PDs). The on‐off ratio of the fabricated devices shows 6.25 times higher than that of PDs using thermal evaporated Au electrode (Au‐RAN PDs) under 1064 nm laser excitations. The fabricated Ti3C2Tx‐RAN NIR PDs also possess outstanding mechanical stability with no obvious photoresponse degradation under different bending states and high transparency with a transmittance above 70% in the visible region. Owing to the high performance of the Ti3C2Tx‐RAN PDs, a 1024‐pixel (32 × 32) image sensor array is fabricated to achieve delicate, vivid, and higher resolution imaging of a “deer,” opening up a new avenue for the biomimetic vision and flexible wearable accurate image sensing.