Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power Saving Access Points for IEEE 802.11 Wireless Network Infrastructure

In the past decade, there has been a huge proliferation of wireless local area networks (WLANs) based on the IEEE 802.11 WLAN standard. As 802.11 connectivity becomes more ubiquitous, multihop communications will be increasingly used for access point range extension and coverage enhancement. In this paper, we present a design for an IEEE 802. 11 -based power saving access point (PSAP), intended for use in multihop battery and solar/battery powered applications. These types of APs have many practical applications and can be deployed very quickly and inexpensively to provide coverage enhancement in situations such as campuses, building complexes, and fast deployment scenarios. Unlike conventional wired access points, in this type of system, power saving on the AP itself is an important objective. A key design constraint is that the proposed PSAP be backward compatible to a wide range of IEEE 802.11 functionality and existing wired access points. In this paper, we introduce the protocols required to achieve this compatibility, show the constraints imposed by this restriction, and present performance results for the proposed system.
Rethinking the Library Game: Creating an Alternate Reality with Social Media

In recent years, libraries have made efforts to create games, often for the purpose of information literacy instruction. Games can provide an interactive alternative to traditional instruction by introducing research tools and resources while also teaching problem solving skills within a collaborative learning environment. Despite the benefits, the limited resources of most libraries make it difficult to build games that appeal to a generation of students accustomed to games like World of Warcraft. It is a challenge to find a balance between the right format and the available skills and assets. The desire to create an engaging game within the confines of existing resources led the University of Alabama Libraries to create the Web-based alternate reality game Project Velius. Serving the research needs of faculty and more than 30,000 students, the University Libraries are a vital part of Alabama's oldest public university. University of Alabama librarians leveraged popular social media sites and applications, including Facebook and YouTube, along with the story-driven alternate reality game format, to build a game that would engage undergraduate students. The game's two main goals were to provide informal information literacy instruction and highlight important library resources, balanced with the desire to provide a fun and interesting game experience. In the creation and execution of Project Velius, the librarians-turned-game developers learned much about this new medium, including the complexity of writing a compelling story, the importance of precisely tracking player progress, and the need for an easily re-playable game. Looking forward, the successes and shortcomings of this initial project will guide the plans and, through this article, hopefully help colleagues understand some of the challenges and rewards.
Micro-Assembly of a Vascular-Like Micro-Channel with Railed Micro-Robot Team-Coordinated Manipulation

The 3D assembly of cellular structures is important for the fabrication of biological substitutes in tissue engineering. In particular, a micro-channel with a 200 μm diameter is of interest because of its promising ability to construct the vascular network for oxygen and nutrition delivery in thick biological substitutes in the future. In this paper, a novel rail-guided micro-robot-team system is proposed for the micro-assembly of a cellular structure. The cellular two-dimensional (2D) component was fabricated by ultraviolet (UV) illumination of a cross-linkable hydrogel. The modular rail-guided micro-robotic system was set up with multi-micromanipulators as the modules and controlled with hybrid motors to achieve an operation resolution of 30 nm. To realize the bottom-up fabrication of the cellular micro-channel, different micro-assembly strategies with multi-manipulators were developed. The micro-assembly success rate and the efficiency of the different strategies were evaluated based on the assembly of micro-donuts. Through the novel, designed, concentric movement of the multi-manipulators along the rail, arbitrary change of the approaching angle and the coordination posture was achieved to improve the micro-assembly's flexibility. The operation range for every micromanipulator in different coordinated manipulation modes was analysed to avoid the breakdown of the assembled 3D structure. The image processing for the target location and end-effector identification was conducted to improve assembly efficiency in the micro-robot-team system. Finally, the assembly of the cellular vascular-like micro-channel was achieved with coordinated manipulation in the rail-guided micro-robot-team system.
Constructing a Model of Physics Expertise

Research on physics expertise has predominantly focused on cognitive differences between physics experts and novices where the novices are high school or introductory college students and the experts are university physics professors or graduate doctoral students. Most physics expertise studies declare the experts to be the physics faculty without justifying this decision. To establish more clearly the characteristics of physics experts, we conducted a qualitative interview pilot study of three university physics professors. The professors each had an hour‐long interview where they were asked about their experiences of becoming a physics expert. We present the analysis of the question, ‘What makes a physics expert? ’ Analysis of the data resulted in the construction of a model of physics expertise, which indicates that a physics expert is a specific physics expert first, acquires general physics expert characteristics and then becomes an expert in physics or a boundary crosser.
Source detection in astronomical images by Bayesian model comparison

The next generation of radio telescopes will generate exabytes of data on hundreds of millions of objects, making automated methods for the detection of astronomical objects ("sources") essential. Of particular importance are faint, diffuse objects embedded in noise. There is a pressing need for source finding software that identifies these sources, involves little manual tuning, yet is tractable to calculate. We first give a novel image discretisation method that incorporates uncertainty about how an image should be discretised. We then propose a hierarchical prior for astronomical images, which leads to a Bayes factor indicating how well a given region conforms to a model of source that is exceptionally unconstrained, compared to a model of background. This enables the efficient localisation of regions that are "suspiciously different" from the background distribution, so our method looks not for brightness but for anomalous distributions of intensity, which is much more general. The model of background.
Sequence assignment of Walsh-Hadamard sequences for quasi-synchronous multi-code CDMA systems

In this study, we propose the sequence assignment of Walsh-Hadamard sequences suitable for quasi-synchronous multi-code transmission. One of the important properties of proposed sequences is that any sequences in a sequence set have zero even cross-correlation with any sequences in another set for any time difference. By using the proposed sequences, the BER performance is significantly improved compared with that by conventional sequences with less number of interferences. Moreover, even if all (N) sequences are used simultaneously by different users, a practical BER performance is obtained. Although the proposed sequences have good cross correlation properties, the auto-correlation properties may be worse than general spreading sequences. Therefore, some devices to overcome the effect of multipath fading should be necessary for practical use in mobile radio environment.
Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager

Finally, a comprehensive guide to the Linux VM! VM's behavior affects every Linux kernel subsystem and dramatically impacts overall performance. But until now, there was only one way to understand VM: study the poorly documented source one line at a time. Now there's an easier, faster alternative. This book describes VM in unprecedented detail, presenting both theoretical foundations and a line-by-line source code commentary. It systematically covers everything from physical memory description to out-of-memory management. Coverage includes: Linux VM 2.4 architecture in depth-with diagrams and call graphs Physical memory description, page tables, address spaces, and memory allocation High memory, swapping, shared memory, and much more Expert guidance for analyzing the code of any open source project New Linux 2.6 kernel features in every chapterWell organized and superbly written, Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager will be indispensable to every kernel programmer and researcher.
HOW TO CREATE ORDER IN LARGE CLOSED SUBSETS OF WORDNET-TYPE DICTIONARIES

This article presents a new two-step method to handle and study large closed subsets of WordNet-type dictionaries with the goal of finding possible structural inconsistencies. The notion of closed subset is explained using a WordNet tree. A novel and very fast method to order large relational systems is described and compared with some other fast methods. All the presented methods have been tested using Estonian1 and Princeton WordNet2 largest closed sets. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5128/ERYa9.10
A new algorithm for real-time multi-stage image thresholding

Image binarization under non-uniform lighting conditions is required in many industrial machine vision applications. Many local adaptive thresholding algorithms have been proposed in the literature for this purpose. However, existing local adaptive thresholding algorithms are either not robust enough or too expensive for real-time implementation due to very high computation costs. This paper presents a new algorithm for local adaptive thresholding based on a multi-stage framework. In the first stage, a mean filtering algorithm, with kernel-size independent computation cost, is proposed for background modeling to eliminate the non-uniform lighting effect. In the second stage, a background-corrected image is generated based on the background color. In the final stage, a global thresholding algorithm is applied to the background-corrected image. The kernel-size independent computation algorithm reduces the order of computation cost of background modeling from NML2 to ML+NL+6NM for an N x M image with an L x L kernel, which enables the real-time processing of objects of arbitrary size. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other local thresholding algorithms, such as the Niblack algorithm, in terms of both speed and segmentation results for many machine vision applications under non-uniform lighting conditions.
Where the Sidewalk Ends: Extending theInternet AS Graph Using Traceroutesfrom P2P Users

An accurate Internet topology graph is important in many areas of networking, from understanding ISP business relationships to diagnosing network anomalies. Most Internet mapping efforts have derived the network structure, at the level of interconnected autonomous systems (ASes), from a rather limited set of vantage points. In this paper, we argue that a promising approach to revealing the hidden areas of the Internet topology is through active measurement from an observation platform that scales with the growing Internet. By leveraging measurements performed by an extension to a popular P2P system, we show that this approach indeed exposes significant new topological information. Our study is based on traceroute measurements from more than 992,000 IPs in over 3,700 ASes distributed across the Internet hierarchy, many in regions of the Internet not covered by publicly available path information. To address this issue we develop heuristics that identify 23,914 new AS links not visible in the publicly-available BGP data-12.86 percent more customer-provider links and 40.99 percent more peering links, than previously reported. We validate our heuristics using data from a tier-1 ISP, and show that they successfully filter out all false links introduced by public IP-to-AS mapping. We analyze properties of the Internet graph that includes these new links and characterize why they are missing. Finally, we have made the identified set of links and their inferred relationships publicly available.
Can Peer Review Be Better Focused?

Summary If we were to start from scratch today to design a quality-controlled archive and distribution system for scientific and technical information, it could take a very different form from what has evolved in the past decade from pre-existing print infrastructure. Recent technological advances could provide not only more efficient means of accessing and navigating the information, but also more cost-effective means of authentication and quality control. This article discusses relevant experiences of the past decade from open electronic distribution of research materials in physics and related disciplines, and describes their implications for proposals to improve the implementation of peer review.
Low-Power On-The-Fly Reconfigurable Iterative MIMO Detection and LDPC Decoding Design

Manufacturing and operation of wireless systems require a practical solution for achieving low-power and high-performance when using advance communication apparatus such as that using multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO). Often algorithm solutions achieve very high performance but over only in a narrow range of operating parameters. This paper presents a hardware design of MIMO detection that allows real-time switching between various algorithms and detection effort to achieve high performance over the wide-range of signal to noise ratio (SNR) found in realistic operating conditions. We illustrate a design with over 80% reduction in detection power that satisfies the required quality of service (QoS) in SNRs (Eb/No) as low as 8.7 dB.
Teaching a computer to read

Current OCR devices generate too many errors due to missegmentation and multifont confusion. Some of these errors can be avoided or corrected though greater use of linguistic context and local shape consistency in printed matter. To teach machines to read, OCR designers should allow their devices to modify their internal parameters according to information gained through a family of internal feedback loops. <<ETX>>
Solid Acids as Electrolyte Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Electrolysis: Review

Abstract Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis provides an effective and clean way to produce high purity hydrogen directly from water. By increasing the working temperature, the efficiency of the device may be greatly enhanced. Solid acids, materials which present a chemistry between an acid and a salt, make potential candidates to use as proton conducting electrolytes. These compounds undergo a structural change which leads to a highly conductive superprotonic phase at temperatures above 140 °C that makes them desirable for use in a PEM electrolyser. However, a stable material with good proton conductivity (>10−2 S cm−1) in the range of 150–300 °C is desirable. This review focuses on the most promising solid acid materials, analyzing their structure, properties and limitations for water electrolyser applications. In addition the possible use of such materials in fuel cells is reviewed.
Design of Low-Noise and High-Density Signal Intelligent Detection System

Using motion state of the equipment transducer to determine the presence of a weak signal is a common method of signal detection, whose core is to determine the system's phase change. There a many traditional ways to judge phase transition, but most of which have computational complexity and need a large amount of data which make them difficult to apply engineering practices. In order to solve these problems, this paper presents a detection method based on Lyapunov exponent classification with a small amount of data. This approach has some advantages such as requiring fewer observed values, small calculation amount, and able to automatically determine the phase transition without subjective factors involved etc. Experiments show that this method has stable performance, high effectiveness, strong practicality and promotion.
WEA, Des Espaces de Travail Distribués à Objets Persistants

WEA est un gérant d'objets distribués interfacé au langage C++. Son architecture est basée sur un graphe de Workspaces. Il généralise le modèle client / serveur en permettant la construction d'applications distribuées. Le WorkSpace fournit un accès uniforme à une mémoire distribuée d'objets persistants. Cet article décrit les différentes façons de concevoir des applications autour d'une hiérarchie de WorkSpaces ainsi que l'implantation de ceux-ci. Cette implantation repose sur l'utilisation du multithreading et du memory-mapping.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KOMPUTER DAN SIKAP INOVATIF TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan penggunaan media pembelajaran radio streaming dibandingkan dengan komputer dalam mempengaruhi hasil belajar TIK, untuk mengetahui hasil keunggulan TIK siswa yang memiliki sikap inovatif positif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sikap inovatif negatif; interaksi antara media pembelajaran radio streaming dan komputer dengan sikap inovatif siswa dalam hasil belajar TIK. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian faktorial 2x2, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan ANAVA dua jalur pada taraf signifikansi a = 0.05. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa; hasil belajar TIK siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran radio streaming lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan computer, hasil belajar TIK siswa yang memiliki sikap inovatif positif lebih tinggi daripada sikap inovatif negative, terdapat interaksi antara media pembelajaran radio streaming dalam pembelajaran dengan sikap inovatif siswa, artinya bahwa siswa yang memiliki sikap inovatif positif dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran radio streaming maupun komputer akan memiliki hasil belajar TIK lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memiliki sikap inovatif negatif. Kata Kunci: media pembelajaran radio streaming, pembelajaran komputer, sikap inovatif, hasil belajar TIK
An efficient method for processing reverse skyline queries

Many studies on reverse skyline query processing have been done for company oriented services. The existing methods about reverse skyline are based on dynamic skyline. There are no reverse skyline query processing algorithms based on metric spaces for Location-Based Services (LBS). In this paper, we propose a reverse skyline query processing scheme that applies for a general skyline and considers metric spaces. The proposed method processes reverse skyline queries in the metric spaces using the existing spatial indexing scheme and considers both monochromatic and bichromatic environments. In order to show the superiority of the proposed scheme, we compare it with the basic skyline query processing scheme through performance evaluation. As a result, the proposed method achieves about 5000 times more performance than the existing method.
Silicon cochlea and its adaptation to spatial localisation

The silicon cochlea offers an interesting approach to implementing a hardware system for use in spatial localisation of a sound source. For such an application, knowledge of the different ways in which the cochlea has been implemented in silicon, together with the techniques necessary for sound localisation is essential. This review looks at how the auditory pathway has been modelled in silicon and how these models correspond to biological counterparts. The various filtering techniques that have been employed to implement the silicon cochlea are described and contrasted. Then, sound localisation techniques are outlined and VLSI implementations adapting the silicon cochlea for sound localisation applications are presented.
An Improved Method for Visual Word Generation Based on Kernel Function

This paper studies a novel visual word generation method in the Bag-of-words model for object categorization. The conventional Bag-of-words algorithm represents the cluster centers as visual words, which led to the incomplete expressions of image semantic information, so an improved method for visual word generation using the soft-decision based on kernel function is proposed. First, SIFT keypoints of images are extracted. Then, after clustering SIFT keypoints, some typical SIFT keypoints are selected from a cluster by kernel density estimation using a kernel function. Finally, these selected keypoints are trained employing SVM to generate a visual word of this cluster. Experimental results show that the proposed visual word generation method enhances the expressions of image semantic information, increases the recall ratio effectively, and improves significantly the effect of object categorization.
When FrameNet meets a Controlled Natural Language

There are two approaches to the natural language processing – one is going in width to cover at shallow level (parsing, syntax) the rich linguistic variety found in the natural language, while another is going in depth (semantics, discourse structure) for a monosemous subset of natural language referred to as a controlled natural language (CNL). Today we are nowhere near to bridging the gap between the two approaches. In this presentation I argue that despite elusiveness of this goal, FrameNet might provide a sufficient insight into the deeper semantic layers of the natural language to envision a new kind of a rich CNL narrowing the gap with the true natural language. A blueprint for PAO, a procedural CNL of such new
Extracting implicit knowledge from text

The everyday intelligence of both humans and machines relies on a large store of background, or common-sense, knowledge. That such a knowledge base is not yet available to machines helps partially explain the community’s inability to provide society with the sort of synthetic intelligence described by futurists such as Turing, or Asimov. In response, there have emerged a variety of methods for automated Knowledge Acquisition (KA) that are now being actively explored. Here I consider the extraction of knowledge that is conveyed implicitly, both within everyday texts and queries posed to internet search engines. Through recognizing certain forms of existential predicative patterns, and abstracting from these to more strongly quantifiable statements, I show that a significant amount of general knowledge can be gleaned based on how we talk about the world. I provide experimental results both for the direct extraction and strengthening of such knowledge, and for the automatic acquisition of supporting resources for this task. In addition, I draw attention to the relationship between automatically acquired background knowledge and natural language generic sentences. Humans use generics when they wish to directly assert the same sorts of “rules of the world” that are of concern to the KA community. And yet, there has been little recognition in applied circles that decades of work from formal linguistic semantics may have a role to play in the representation, and perhaps even the acquisition, of common knowledge.