Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MR-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy for OAR Sparing in Head and Neck Cancers

Simple Summary Normal tissue toxicities in head and neck cancer persist as a cause of decreased quality of life and are associated with poorer treatment outcomes. The aim of this article is to review organ at risk (OAR) sparing approaches available in MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy and present future developments which hope to improve treatment outcomes. Increasing the spatial conformity of dose distributions in radiotherapy is an important first step in reducing normal tissue toxicities, and MR-guided treatment devices presents a new opportunity to use biological information to drive treatment decisions on a personalized basis. Abstract MR-linac devices offer the potential for advancements in radiotherapy (RT) treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC) by using daily MR imaging performed at the time and setup of treatment delivery. This article aims to present a review of current adaptive RT (ART) methods on MR-Linac devices directed towards the sparing of organs at risk (OAR) and a view of future adaptive techniques seeking to improve the therapeutic ratio. This ratio expresses the relationship between the probability of tumor control and the probability of normal tissue damage and is thus an important conceptual metric of success in the sparing of OARs. Increasing spatial conformity of dose distributions to target volume and OARs is an initial step in achieving therapeutic improvements, followed by the use of imaging and clinical biomarkers to inform the clinical decision-making process in an ART paradigm. Pre-clinical and clinical findings support the incorporation of biomarkers into ART protocols and investment into further research to explore imaging biomarkers by taking advantage of the daily MR imaging workflow. A coherent understanding of this road map for RT in HNC is critical for directing future research efforts related to sparing OARs using image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT).
Fuzzy comprehensive assessment model for the urban water resource safety assessment based on the entropy weight

Aiming at analyzing the features of complexity and uncertainty of the water resource safety assessment,the paperintends to focus its study on the influential factors ofwater resource safety from the viewpoint of the complex water system.Thus,in this paper,we would like to take the water resource safety system as an integrated system including the water resource,the society,and the economic systems itinvolves.Therefore,the water resource safety fuzzy assessment model we have established in this paper include five key influential factors,that is,the life safety,economic safety,eco-environmental safety,social safety,and managing safety.The model also consists of a total of 19 indexes.In addition,we have also introduced the entropy theory into our paper by combining our model with the traditional subjective weight calculation methods to calculate the coefficients of the weight for assessment factors.While considering the advantages of both the subjective weight given by the experts and the objective weight reflected from the available value of index data according to information entropy,we have successfully improved the assessment results concerned and made them more reasonable and scientific.Taking Tianjin municipality as a case,we have done our evaluation of the water resource safety situation from 2002 to 2010 by using the proposed method.The results of our evaluation indicate that the water resource of the city proved unsafe from 2002 to 2004.The safety situation of the city's water resource is critical from 2005 to 2007,and then hasmade some improvementfrom 2008 to 2010.The assessment results of the model are in close agreementwith the actual situation,which tends to be improved within the assessment period.However,on the whole,the water resource of the city remains under hazardous state,because the shortage ofwater resource for the city as a whole remains a serious problem to face the city.Therefore,itis of great need to take corresponding measures such as water diversion project construction,the policy of water saving and restricting,water environment protection,and the encouragements for water reuse rate should be put on the top urgencies for the city administrative and managerial departments to be accounted forin orderto protectthe water resource security and satisfy the need of all the city residents.
The development of a low-cost upper limb rehabilitation system using BCI, eye-tracking and direct visual feedback

We are developing a novel system to improve arm function in stroke patients who have no, or only residual upper limb movement. Such a system fills an important gap in treatment options for people with little-to-no upper limb movement after stroke, and for whom regular treatments often are unsuitable. The system provides real-time visual and proprioceptive feedback of the arm plus the ability for participants to steer the movement direction of the arm through an assistive movement platform. The patient controls the system by simply looking at stimuli and engaging in motor imagery. The patient gaze is monitored with an eye tracker and motor output intentions are monitored with an EEG-based brain computer interface. Stimuli are presented as games in order to create a motivating rehabilitation environment. In this paper we discuss our motivation and design of the system.
Genetic Variation in Flowering Traits of Tasmanian Leptospermum scoparium and Association with Provenance Home Site Climatic Factors

Leptospermum scoparium is emerging as an economically important plant for the commercial production of mānuka honey and essential oils, both exhibiting unique antibacterial attributes. To support its domestication this is the first quantitative genetic study of variation for L. scoparium traits. It utilised plants from 200 open-pollinated families derived from 40 native populations, from across the species range in Tasmania, grown in a common garden field trial. The traits studied were survival, growth, and the flowering traits precocity, the timing of seasonal peak flowering, flowering duration, and flowering intensity. Significant genetic variation was evident at the population level for all traits studied and at the family level for three traits—growth, flowering precocity, and time to peak flowering. These three traits had moderate to high narrow-sense heritability estimates ranging from 0.27 to 0.69. For six of the traits studied, population differences were associated with climate attributes at the locations where seed was collected, suggesting adaptation to the local climate may have contributed to the observed population differentiation. Population level geographical trends suggest that genotypes to focus on for domestication originate from the eastern half of Tasmania for precociousness and the western half of Tasmania for earlier time to peak flowering and extended flowering duration.
Rigorous design of matched wireless power transfer links based on inductive coupling

This paper focuses on a near‐field wireless power transmission link consisting of two magnetically coupled inductances. The case of a resonant coupling realized by adding appropriate compensating capacitances is solved. By using a network formalism, the link is modeled as a two‐port network and rigorously analyzed in the case where both the input impedance and the load are specified. In particular, it is demonstrated that there is just one optimum design of the network that allows maximizing both the efficiency and the active power on the load. Closed‐form design formulas for the optimum design are presented and validated by circuital simulations.
Design and Analysis of Clothing Catwalks Taking into Account Unity's Immersive Virtual Reality in an Artificial Intelligence Environment

In the context of the rapid development of AI area, VR technology is raising the public and researchers' attention. This study constructs a VR clothing catwalk based on the Unity 3D game engine in the AI background. This article focuses on the study of Unity 3D to construct the scenes and costumes of the clothing catwalk and then combine the immersive experience of VR to achieve the feeling of VR. Therefore, this article designs the scenes and model costumes of the VR clothing show by analyzing the VR technology in the context of the AI environment, combined with the Unity 3D game engine. It optimizes the VR clothing show based on Unity 3D game engine designed in this paper through design performance test experiment and visual positioning comparison experiment and then investigates and analyzes the optimized VR clothing show. Based on user feedback, this article completes the function of VR clothing show and compares it with the traditional online clothing show. The experimental results show that the sensory evaluation given by users is 22.02% higher than that of users of traditional online clothing shows. In the clothing catwalk based on Unity immersive VR, the user's rating for the fluency of watching is 10.99% higher than that of the traditional online clothing catwalk.
Structure and Morphology of Crystalline Syndiotactic Polypropylene-Polyethylene Block Copolymers

A study of the structure and morphology of diblock copolymers composed of crystallizable blocks of polyethylene (PE) and syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP) having different lengths is reported. In both analyzed samples, the PE block crystallizes first by cooling from the melt (at 130 °C) and the sPP block crystallizes after at a lower temperature. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) recorded during cooling showed three correlation peaks at values of the scattering vector, q1 = 0.12 nm−1, q2 = 0.24 nm−1 and q3 = 0.4 nm−1, indicating development of a lamellar morphology, where lamellar domains of PE and sPP alternate, each domain containing stacks of crystalline lamellae of PE or sPP sandwiched by their own amorphous phase of PE or sPP. At temperatures higher than 120 °C, when only PE crystals are formed, the morphology is defined by the formation of stacks of PE lamellae (17 nm thick) alternating with amorphous layers and with a long period of nearly 52 nm. At lower temperatures, when crystals of sPP are also well-formed, the morphology is more complex. A model of the morphology at room temperature is proposed based on the correlation distances determined from the self-correlation functions extracted from the SAXS data. Lamellar domains of PE (41.5 nm thick) and sPP (8.2 nm thick) alternate, each domain containing stacks of crystalline lamellae sandwiched by their own amorphous phase, forming a global morphology having a total lamellar periodicity of 49.7 nm, characterized by alternating amorphous and crystalline layers, where the crystalline layers are alternatively made of stacks of PE lamellae (22 nm thick) and thinner sPP lamellae (only 3.5 nm thick).
Alteration in Ti6Al4V implant surface properties with micro textures density

In lab-developed micro milling method was utilized to machine microtextures on Ti6Al4V alloy. Subsequently, the quality and geometry of the formed textures have been analysed and characterized. The functionality of textured surfaces has been assessed by performing wetting analysis concerning area surface roughness and roughness factor. The surface free energy of textured surfaces was computed via Owen and Wendt method, and Neumann's equation. Geometrically correct, defect-free, the machined textures are uniformly dispersed. The density of textures has enhanced the area surface roughness values of manufactured surfaces. Further, the wetting nature of fabricated surfaces is significantly altered. Heterogeneous bubble nucleation has been observed between the interface of solid surfaces and liquid droplets at high-density textured surfaces. The apparent surface free energy of textured surfaces varied with geometrical parameters. This study offers in-depth knowledge about the properties of textured Ti6Al4V implant surfaces.
Field-Effect Transistors for Gas Sensing

This chapter reviews gas-sensitive field-effect transistors (FETs) for gas sensing. Although various types of gas sensors have been reported, this review focuses on FET-based sensors such as catalytic-gate FETs, solid electrolyte-based FETs, suspended-gate FETs, and nanomaterial-based FETs. For recognition of analytes in the gas phase, the combination of cross-reactive gas sensor arrays with pattern recognition methods is promising. Crossreactive sensor arrays consist of gas sensors that have broad and differential sensitivity. Signals from the cross-reactive sensor array are processed using pattern recognition methods. Reports of FET-based sensor arrays combined with pattern recognition methods are briefly reviewed.
The relation between adipose-derived stem cells and wound healing process - the review

Introduction and purpose: Wound healing is a process including complex overlapping stages requiring many components. Adipose tissue is an organ that is responsible for maintaining homeostasis through inflammatory responses, signal transmission, energy expenditure connected with different organs. Fat tissue is a rich and readily available source of multipotent stem cells. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have the potential in tissue regeneration because of their self-renewal and ability to differentiate in various types of cells. This review discusses ADSCs in terms of basic knowledge, methods of acquisition, prospects for use in healthcare, focusing mainly on the potential application in the wound healing process. Brief description of the state of knowledge: The article contains current knowledge about biology, specific properties of adipose-derived stem cells and also shows the relationship to the wound healing process. The review presents research that points to the possibility of using ADSCs in future medicine. Conclusions: Adipose-derived stem cells may constitute a prominent role in tissue regeneration owing to the secretion of various cytokines, the ability to differentiate into multiple lineages, their immunomodulatory effects, and the ease of cell obtaining. Further studies are required to explore the accurate mechanism of ADSCs action and their long-term safety in clinical application. Stem cell therapy brings new hope for the repair of chronic and refractory wounds and skin defects.
Comparative Analysis of TOPSIS and TODIM for the Performance Evaluation of Foreign Players in Indian Premier League

Sports officials, players, and fans are concerned about overseas player rankings for the IPL auction. These rankings are becoming progressively essential to investors when premium leagues are commercialized. The decision-makers of the Indian Premier League choose cricketers based on their own experience in sports and based on performance statistics on several criteria. This paper presents a scientific way to rank the players. Our research examines and contrasts different multicriteria decision-making algorithms for ranking foreign players under various criteria to assess their performance and efficiency. The paper uses three MCDM algorithms, TOPSIS, TODIM, and NR-TOPSIS, for foreign players ranking in the Indian Premier League. Our analysis is limited to the batsmen and bowlers only. We perform the analysis using Python language, a popular high-level programming language. Finally, we perform a sensitivity analysis to determine the stability of each method when the weights of the criterion or the value of a parameter was changed. Our analysis exhibits the superiority of TODIM over TOPSIS and NR-TOPSIS.
Crescent Microstrip Antenna for LTE-U and 5G Systems

The field of wireless cellular network technology has seen a significant development in recent years, allowing the emergence of many new applications in addition to the traditional mobile phone calls. We are currently implementing the 5G system, which is replacing the previous cellular technologies on the market. Parallel to the development of cellular technologies, wireless local networks based on the IEEE 802.11× standards are rapidly spreading. The desire to use the advantages of both mobile telephony and wireless local networks has led to the idea of integrating the currently used communication systems in one device and requires a well-designed antenna, which should be given a lot of attention when designing the radio system. This article presents the proposed model of a two-band microstrip antenna for which the main assumption is its operating frequencies in the LTE-U (LTE-Unlicensed) band and one of the 5G system bands. The antenna dimensions and parameters have been calculated, simulated, and optimized using CST Microwave Studio software. The developed antenna has a compact structure with dimensions of (60 × 40 × 1.57) mm. The dielectric material RT Duroid 5880 with a dielectric constant εr = 2.2 and thickness h = 1.57 mm was used as a substrate for the antenna construction. The article presents an analysis of the results of simulation and measurements of selected electrical parameters and radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna. The antenna described in the article, working in 5G systems and LTE-U systems, is characterized by two operating bands with center frequencies equal to 3.52 GHz and 5.37 GHz, a low reflection coefficient (for resonances −31.54 dB and −23.16 dB), a gain value of 4.45 dBi, a wide frequency band of 3.0 GHz (68.18%), and a high energy efficiency in the range of 80–96.68%.
Pink Power: The Extent of Awareness, Driving Factors, and Overall Perception of Filipina Youth Consumers in Metro Manila, Philippines on Pink Tax Caused by Pink Marketing Strategy

One of the features of pink marketing is the usage of the color pink in women's products. However, this marketing strategy often employs pink tax, an extra amount charged to women's products even though the products are similar or equal in benefit to men's; the only difference is the color. In the Philippines, the pink tax is not yet explored. The study aimed to explore the extent of awareness, driving factors, and overall perception of Filipina youth consumers on pink tax caused by the practice of pink marketing. The study employed a qualitative descriptive research design. Thematic analysis revealed personal experiences of the respondents permeated the concept, corroborating previous literature and studies. The study concludes respondent Filipina Youth Consumers are aware of pink tax but only to the extent of definition and practice as observed in different products. They are not willing to buy products with pink tax as caused by the pink marketing strategy; however, the quality and the social and cultural norm with regard to gender schema are the driving factors to purchase. Negative perceptions outweigh the positive ones as it is viewed to be discriminatory, against equality and a way of deceiving and exploiting women consumers by the companies incorporating pink tax into their pink marketing strategy and respondents perceived that the concept should be addressed. The researchers recommend that the policymaking bodies study the matter to promote the value of women as consumers and contributors to the economy. They can use this research for policymaking or reference to review existing consumer and business laws for improvement.
Nonlinear chirped Doppler interferometry for \c{hi}(3) spectroscopy

Four-wave mixing processes are ubiquitous in ultrafast optics and the determination of the coefficients of the $\chi^{(3)}$ tensor is thus essential. We introduce a novel time-resolved ultrafast spectroscopic method to characterize the third-order nonlinearity on the femtosecond time-scale. This approach, coined as"nonlinear chirped Doppler interferometry", makes use of the variation of the optical group delay of a transmitted probe under the effect of an intense pump pulse in the nonlinear medium of interest. The observable is the spectral interference between the probe and a reference pulse sampled upstream. We show that the detected signal is enhanced when the pulses are chirped, and that, although interferometric, the method is immune to environmental phase fluctuations and drifts. By chirping adequately the reference pulse, the transient frequency shift of the probe pulses is also detected in the time domain and the detected nonlinear signal is enhanced. Nonlinear phase shifts as low as 10\,mrad, corresponding to a frequency shift of 30\,GHz, i.e. 0.01\% of the carrier frequency, are detected without heterodyne detection or active phase-stabilization. The diagonal and/or non-diagonal terms of reference glasses (SiO$_2$) and crystals (Al$_2$O$_3$, BaF$_2$, CaF$_2$) are characterized. The method is finally applied to measure the soft vibration mode of KTiOAsO$_4$ (KTA).
Barriers Affecting Women’s Access to Urban Green Spaces during the COVID-19 Pandemic

During the COVID-19 pandemic, urban green spaces (UGS) have gained relevance as a resilience tool that can sustain or increase well-being and public health in cities. However, several cities in Latin America have seen a decrease in their UGS use rates during the health emergency, particularly among vulnerable groups such as women. Using Mexico City as a case study, this research examines the main barriers affecting women’s access to UGS during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America. We applied a sequential mixed-methods approach in which the results of a survey distributed via social media in June 2020 to women aged 18 and older were used to develop semi-structured interviews with 12 women during October 2020. One year later, in November 2021, the continuity of the themes was evaluated through focus groups with the same group of women who participated in the interviews. Our results suggest that (1) prohibiting access to some UGS during the first months of the pandemic negatively impacted UGS access for women in marginalized neighborhoods; (2) for women, the concept of UGS quality and safety are intertwined, including the security level of the surrounding streets; and (3) women who live in socially cohesive neighborhoods indicated using UGS to a greater extent. Our findings highlight that while design interventions can affect women’s willingness to use UGS by improving their perceived safety and comfort, they remain insufficient to fully achieve equity in access to UGS.
OPTIMIZATION OF MECHANICAL LOSSES IN RECIPROCATING AIR COMPRESSOR WITH CYLINDER CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM ALLOY

: Transport is largely dependent on oil because the majority of transport vehicles are propelled by engines combusting petroleum products-hydrocarbon fuels. This particularly relates to road, air and water transport. Power losses in the internal combustion engines and other reciprocating machines are mainly engaged to overcome friction. If using aluminum alloys for producing of piston and cylinders in engines and compressors, the results are lower fuel consumption and exhaust emission, firstly because of lower weight and mechanical losses, too. The problems are poor tribological characteristics and lower strength of unprotected aluminum comparing with gray cast iron. For research purposes, the inner surface of cylinder which was produced of aluminum was reinforced by integrating tribological inserts. In this paper, the tribological properties of ferrous based reinforcements were analyzed and compared with aluminum alloy as a base material for cylinder liner and piston skirt in air brake compressor. The ball-on-plate CSM tribometer was used to carry out these tests under dry sliding conditions. In addition to tribological, have carried out and testing of experimental reciprocating compressor on the bench, in the laboratory for engines and compressors in Faculty of Engineering in Kragujevac.