Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Process of Business Model Design in a Dynamic Context - The Case of Mobile Middleware Technology Providers

The purpose of the paper is to explore the evolution of a company’s business model, analyzing how external changes due to the market turbulence can determine the reshaping of the previously adopted model. Considering the case of a Mobile Middleware Technology Provider (MMTP), the study assesses how the market fluidity impacts on a firm’s approach towards business modeling, by comparing the business model designed right before the company’s market entry, to the one present after two years of activity within the industry. Employing the longitudinal single case study methodology, the research identifies which are the most critical choices to be made at a business modeling level for a MMTP, and shows how these parameters can be combined to constitute a thorough configuration; afterwards, a comparison is carried out between the initial and the current business models adopted, so to identify any change in the parameters prioritization and in the approach towards business modeling as a whole. The research findings allow to provide a business model parameters reference model for MMTPs. Moreover, the longitudinal comparison makes evident that not only the market’s characteristics, but also the initial strategic approach towards the new business, strongly affect the firm’s business model definition process.
HL-A antigens from hematopoietic cell lines: molecular size and electrophoretic mobility.

HL-A antigens of hematopoietic cells in long-term culture were solubilized by papain digestion, and the molecular size and electrophoretic mobility of the fragments carrying individual HL-A specificities were estimated. HL-A1, HL-A2, HL-A7 and HL-A8 specificities were present on molecular fragments of 48,000 Daltons. An unidentified alloantigenic specificity was present on molecular fragments of 74,000 Daltons. Although all the HL-A active fragments migrated to the α2 globulin region upon electrophoresis, the mobility of the molecular fragments carrying HL-A2 specificity was slightly lower than those of fragments having the other specificities. All papain fragments of HL-A2 specificity from different cell lines were identical in molecular size and electrophoretic mobility. A similar identity also appeared to be present among the papain fragments carrying the other specificities.
Perceptions and relationships to school resources and academic achievement: Implications for the principal as instructional leader

Multiple elements help to define school climate and its dimensions. The focus of an effective school climate is often on relationships/quality interactions, parental/community involvement, order and discipline, trust and feelings of safety, and classroom overcrowding. However, there is insufficient research on the elements of school resources and the relationship to student academic achievement. There are even fewer studies on teachers’ perceptions of this element and its affect student achievement. The researchers used secondary data to analyze teachers’ perceptions related indices of school resources and its direct relationship to student academic achievement. According to the data results, there were no significant differences between elementary and middle school teachers’ perceptions about access to resources. However, there was a difference in teachers’ perceptions who worked in schools with proficient reading and math scores on standardized test.
The interacting effects of deprivation and reinforcement schedule.

The effect with which this report is concerned is illustrated by the cumulative records shown in Fig. 1. The upper record is from an extensively trained rat working for water reinforcements on a multiple fixedratio (of 20), continuous-reinforcement (CRF) schedule. The periods of CRF are noted by the offset portions of the records (labeled by A's), and reinforcements on FR are marked by the diagonal pips. The animal had received I hour of free access to water 65 hours before the session shown in the upper record; the middle record was taken 22 hours after a 1-hour period of free access to water, and the lower one, 4 hours after such a period. When the schedule was FR, the effect of decreasing the time since watering was a breakdown of performance, characterized by increasing pauses that in-
The influence of sex, body weight, and renal function on the xylose test

A low excretion of xylose may be due to malabsorption, renal disease, or old age. Malabsorption can be distinguished from other causes by performing a combined oral and intravenous test, the result being expressed as a fraction of these readings. Sex and body weight do not influence the xylose test.
Tea tree oil: contact allergy and chemical composition

In this article, contact allergy to, and the chemical composition of, tea tree oil (TTO) are reviewed. This essential oil is a popular remedy for many skin diseases, and may be used as neat oil or be present in cosmetics, topical pharmaceuticals and household products. Of all essential oils, TTO has caused most (published) allergic reactions since the first cases were reported in 1991. In routine testing, prevalences of positive patch test reactions have ranged from 0.1% to 3.5%. Nearly 100 allergic patients have been described in case reports and case series. The major constituents of commercial TTO are terpinen‐4‐ol, γ‐terpinene, 1,8‐cineole, α‐terpinene, α‐terpineol, p‐cymene, and α‐pinene. Fresh TTO is a weak to moderate sensitizer, but oxidation increases its allergenic potency. The major sensitizers appear to be ascaridole, terpinolene, α‐terpinene, 1,2,4‐trihydroxymenthane, α‐phellandrene, and limonene. The clinical picture of allergic contact dermatitis caused by TTO depends on the products used. Most reactions are caused by the application of pure oil; cosmetics are the culprits in a minority of cases. Patch testing may be performed with 5% oxidized TTO. Co‐reactivity to turpentine oil is frequent, and there is an overrepresentation of reactions to fragrance mix I, Myroxylon pereirae, colophonium, and other essential oils.
Efficacy of a holding unit to reduce access block and attendance pressure in the emergency department

Background: Access block, the inability of patients in the emergency department (ED) to access hospital beds, is a contributing factor to overcrowding in the ED. The effect of a holding unit (HU) on access block and some medical management indicators is presented. Methods: In October 2002 an HU was opened with 16 beds for patients coming from the ED. Every morning all the patients are moved from the HU to a conventional unit; if there are not enough unoccupied beds, elective admissions are cancelled. For the previous and subsequent years after the opening of the HU, the following factors were analysed: (1) number of patients visiting the ED; (2) number of urgent admissions; (3) length of stay in the ED; (4) number of patients waiting for an in-hospital bed in the ED at 08.00 h; (5) number of elective admissions; and (6) number of cancelled elective admissions. Results: Although there was an increase of 3.1% in the number of patients visiting the ED during the first year following the opening of the HU compared with the previous year, the number and percentage of urgent admissions remained unchanged. In the same period the mean number of patients waiting for a bed in the ED decreased by 55.6% (9.1 vs 4.0 patients per day). However, the mean length of stay in the ED increased by 6.9% (p<0.001). The number and percentage of cancelled elective admissions were similar in the two periods of the study. Conclusion: The opening of an HU has led to an improvement in the access block.
Validity of the Ten Questions Screen for Childhood Disability: Results from Population‐Based Studies in Bangladesh, Jamaica, and Pakistan

An international study to validate the Ten Questions screen for serious childhood disability was undertaken in communities in Bangladesh, Jamaica, and Pakistan, where community workers screened more than 22,000 children ages 2–9 years. All children who screened positive, as well as random samples of those who screened negative, were referred for clinical evaluations. Applying comparable diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity of the screen for serious cognitive, motor, and seizure disabilities is acceptable (80–100%) in all three populations, whereas the positive predictive values range from 3 to 15%. These results confirm the usefulness of the Ten Questions as a low-cost and rapid screen for these disabilities, although not for vision and hearing disabilities, in populations where few affected children have previously been identified and treated. They also show that the value of the Ten Questions for identifying disability in underserved populations is limited to that of a screen; more thorough evaluations of children screened positive are necessary to distinguish true- from false-positive results and to identify the nature of the disability if present.
Physicians’ Lack of Adherence to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Guidelines for Pediatric Lipid Screening

Objectives. To determine adherence to the 2011 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute lipid screening guidelines and identify patient factors promoting screening. Methods. Records of children who received well-child care at age 11 years and turned 12 in 2013 were reviewed. Subjects were stratified by guideline-defined dyslipidemia risk based on documented medical or family history risk factors. We defined adherence as the order of a lipid profile when age 11 years or completed lipid screening at 9 to 10 years. Results Of 298 subjects, 42% were assigned to the dyslipidemia high-risk subgroup. Records of 27.2% demonstrated adherence. Fifty-six percent of high-risk subjects versus 6% of their non-high-risk counterparts received lipid screening by age 12 (P < .001). Among screened subjects, history of obesity and parental history of dyslipidemia were significantly associated with lipid testing. Conclusions. Lipid screening rates were low. Strategies to increase lipid screening in the primary care setting are needed.
Infection in a High-Prevalence Country Helicobacter pylori Gastric Cancer is Related to Early Updated

Background and Aims: Chile ranks fifth in the world among countries with the highest incidence of gastric cancer. The aim was to quantify the association between Helicobacter pylori infection andgastric cancermortality at the countyof residence. Methods: A cross-sectional household survey, a probability sample of the Chilean adult population, provided 2,615 participants in whom serum H. pylori IgG antibodies were measured (ELISA). The spatial pattern of 48,367 deaths due to gastric cancer which occurred from 1985 to 2002 was analyzed using a hierarchical Poisson regression model; 333 counties were categorized as low, medium, and high gastric cancer mortality with median gastric cancer death rates of 11.4, 19.1, and 26.0 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The association between H. pylori positivity and gastric cancer mortality in the county of residence was assessed by multivariate Poisson regression for complex samples. Results: H. pylori prevalence was 73.0% [95% confidence intervals (CI), 70.0-76.0], higher in men [prevalence rate ratio (PRR), 1.1 (95% CI, 1.01-1.20)], peaked at ages 45 to 64, and dropped after age 65. It was higher among residents in counties with high gastric cancer mortality (79.7%; 95% CI, 76.4-82.6) compared to counties with low gastric cancer mortality (62.3%; 95% CI, 53.8-70.2; corresponding PRR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.5); under age 24, H. pylori infection was 79.7% (95% CI, 72.2-85.6) versus 39.8% (95% CI, 19.6-64.2) among residents in counties with high and low gastric cancer mortalities, respectively (PRR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.7). Conclusions: The high prevalence of H. pylori at younger ages was associated with high gastric cancer mortality in the base population. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(4):662–7)
Solving Planning Problems with LRTA*

A number of new heuristic search methods have been employed in the development of planning systems over the last years. Enforced Hill Climbing (EHC) combined with a complete search strategy, such as Best First Search (BFS), is a method that has been frequently used in several AI planning systems. Although this method presents an enhanced performance when compared to alternative methods used in many of the other planning domains, it does all the same show some weaknesses. In this paper the authors propose to replace the use of EHC and BFS with LRTA*, which is a search algorithm guided by heuristics like EHC and is as complete as BFS. Moreover, the authors implemented some optimizations on LRTA*, such as a heap with a maximum capacity to store the states during the search, along with pruning of successors after state expansion. Experiments show significant improvements compared to the standard form of the FF planner, which is a representative planning system based on EHC and BFS.
Outdoor and Indoor Respirable Air Particulate Concentrations in Differing Urban Traffic Microenvironments

To study the adverse health effects associated with ambient respirable particulates it is necessary to assess population exposure. However, measurements are usually carried out by fixed-site air monitoring units and do not take into consideration the range of urban microenvironments. In particular, vehicular emissions are a major source of particulates in cities and it is therefore necessary to consider traffic density when investigating the adverse health effects of air particulates. This study assessed both PM5 and total particle number (TPN) in areas of high and low traffic flow within the city of Cardiff, UK. Daytime measurements were made outdoors throughout the period January 2004–June 2005. Simultaneous indoor measurements were made in 73 participating households in areas of high traffic flow (exposed) and 50 households in areas of low traffic flow (controls). The median outdoor PM5 concentration in the exposed area (16.7 μg cm−3) was 45% significantly higher than that in the unexposed area (11.5 μg cm−3) and the median TPN in the exposed area (18,130 particles cm−3) was almost double that in the unexposed area (9951 particles cm−3). The median indoor concentration of PM5 in the exposed area (13.2 μg cm−3) was also 40% significantly higher than that in the unexposed area (9.4 μg cm−3), but there was almost no difference in indoor median TPN between the two areas: 8999 particles cm−3 and 8549 particles cm−3, respectively. The observed differences in respirable particles between areas of high and low traffic flow underline the importance of obtaining exposure measurements in microenvironments.
AN ALL-OR-NOTHING RISE IN CYTOSOLIC [Ca2+] IN VORTICELLA SP

The peritrich ciliate Vorticella sp. exhibits cellular contraction of an all-or-nothing type in response to a mechanical stimulus. Many authors have suggested that the contraction may be controlled by the cytosolic level of Ca2+, since glycerol-extracted Vorticella contracts when Ca2+ is added to the external solution. However, no direct evidence for the increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] has yet been obtained in living Vorticella. In the present study, by injecting a fluorescent Ca2+ indicator into living Vorticella and monitoring the cytosolic [Ca2+] with a confocal microscope, we have demonstrated that a mechanical stimulus evoked an all-or-nothing rise in cytosolic [Ca2+] (Ca2+ ‘spike’). The onset of the Ca2+ spike was similar in its time course to that of cellular contraction. Since the Ca2+ spike was recorded in a Ca2+-deprived solution containing 1 mmol l−1 EGTA, we concluded that release of Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ storage site(s) is responsible for the Ca2+ spike.
Hip strength and knee pain in females.

BACKGROUND Poor alignment between the patella, tibia, and femur has been identified as a primary cause of anterior knee pain. More recently, impaired hip strength has been discussed as a possible reason for the onset of knee pain. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine if individuals with knee pain had weakness in the hip muscles. METHODS Nineteen females between the ages of 18 and 40, experiencing unilateral knee pain for no greater than four weeks, were examined. Bilateral gluteus maximus and medius strength were measured with a MicroFET hand-held dynamometer. RESULTS Strength of the gluteus medius and maximus muscles were significantly less in the extremities of patients experiencing knee pain than the extremity without knee pain. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Given biomechanical relationships between the hip and knee, examining the entire lower kinetic chain should occur when evaluating patients with knee pain. Using impairment-based interventions, such as addressing hip strength in addition to knee pain, may enhance intervention effectiveness. Results of this study provide data that suggest that individuals with knee pain had weak hip muscles.
Mesoscopic Phase Coherence in a Quantum Spin Fluid

Mesoscopic quantum phase coherence is important because it improves the prospects for handling quantum degrees of freedom in technology. Here we show that the development of such coherence can be monitored using magnetic neutron scattering from a one-dimensional spin chain of an oxide of nickel (Y2BaNiO5), a quantum spin fluid in which no classical static magnetic order is present. In the cleanest samples, the quantum coherence length is 20 nanometers, which is almost an order of magnitude larger than the classical antiferromagnetic correlation length of 3 nanometers. We also demonstrate that the coherence length can be modified by static and thermally activated defects in a quantitatively predictable manner.
Detection of DNA of Histomonas meleagridis and Tetratrichomonas gallinarum in German Poultry Flocks Between 2004 and 2008

Abstract Between 2004 and 2008, 338 samples from 156 German turkey, chicken, and peacock flocks with suspected histomonosis (histomoniasis) were sent to the Institute for Poultry Diseases of the Free University Berlin. Most samples were from ceca or livers; the other samples were organ pools or were taken from other organs or the environment. In 108 samples from 65 flocks, histomonal DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Tetratrichomonas gallinarum DNA was found in 5.3% of investigated samples from flocks infected with Histomonas meleagridis and in 27.4% of investigated samples from flocks that were not infected with H. meleagridis. For subtyping of the strains, the C-profiling method, a method used to analyze the internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) of the rRNA gene, was modified to be more specific for H. meleagridis. Results showed the presence of more than the three subtypes described so far. There was no clear correlation between the subtype and the host. By C-profiling the clonal cultures, heterogeneous ITS-1 sequences were shown to probably result from intragenomic differences between rRNA genes.
Chloroplast Cyclophilin Is a Target Protein of Thioredoxin

Chloroplast cyclophilin has been identified as a potential candidate of enzymes in chloroplasts that are regulated by thioredoxin (Motohashi, K., Kondoh, A., Stumpp, M. T., and Hisabori, T. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 98, 11224–11229). In the present study we found that the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity of cyclophilin is fully inactivated in the oxidized form. Reduction of cyclophilin by thioredoxin-m recovered the isomerase activity. Two crucial disulfide bonds were determined by disulfide-linked peptide mapping. The relevance of these cysteines for isomerase activity was confirmed by the mutagenesis studies. Because four cysteine residues in Arabidopsis thaliana cyclophilin were conserved in the isoforms from several organisms, it appears that this redox regulation must be one of the common regulation systems of cyclophilin.
A randomized controlled trial comparing fibrin glue and PlasmaJet on the raw surface of the liver after hepatic resection.

BACKGROUND/AIMS In order to reduce the rate of bleeding and bile leakage after hepatic resection, different operative techniques have been used such as selective suture, electrocautery, topical hemostatic agents, argon beam coagulation, omentoplasty and application of fibrin glue. METHODOLOGY The PlasmaJet, a recent tool that provides a high energy flow of ionized gas which seals small blood and lymph vessels has been recently introduced into clinical practice. We have conducted a randomized trial comparing the application of 5mL of fibrin glue (Tissucol) and the treatment by PlasmaJet (Plasma Surgical Limited, Theale, UK) on the raw surface of the liver stump after elective hepatic resection. RESULTS Fifty-eight consecutive hepatic resections were performed and the postoperative mortality, blood transfusions and reoperations were not statistically different between the groups. However, there was a significant reduction of the incidence of collections requiring percutaneous drainage in the PlasmaJet group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Compared to fibrin glue application, the employment of PlasmaJet on the raw surface of the liver stump led to a significant reduction of postoperative complications requiring percutaneous drainage after elective hepatectomy.
Modeling and Detection Algorithms of the P-SLAM Optical Data Storage System

The P-SLAM (parallel-sublambda) optical data storage system uses sub-wavelength features to store data and data densities of 5 Gbits/cm 2 are predicted. To detect the sub-wavelength features the near-field transmitted power is measured. The main hindrance to detection is interference from neighboring features. The FDTD method is used to model a limited span of the interference. A modified Viterbi algorithm is applied to a string of power measurements synthesized from the FDTD simulations and raw bit error rates of 10-4 are achieved indicating that this algorithm is effective
Boosting Collaborative Filtering by Trust

As recommendation systems continue to play a major role in users' daily interactions on the web, they continue to be heavily researched. The emergence and widespread use of social networks and the accessibility of personal information have made it possible to build recommendation systems that exploit novel concepts such as trust and/or the personal social network structure. Collaborative filtering is one of the most commonly used algorithms in recommendation systems. This research leverages the abilities of collaborative filtering by introducing trust-based and social factors to modify existing similarity and neighborhood measures. Using this hybrid approach, a 45% reduction in error rate has been shown as measured by root mean squared error, comparing baseline collaborative filtering with trust-aware collaborative filtering. The experiments in this research have been conducted using multiple variables in collaborative filtering including neighborhood size, and threshold values in neighborhood formation sub-process. Moreover, experiments were also conducted on multiple similarity measures to identify the best combination of neighborhood formation and similarity that gives an optimal solution in a social trust context.