Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction of hot electrons with Carbon doped GaN buffer in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs: Correlation with lateral electric field and device failure

Device design and technology parameter dependent critical voltage governing interaction of hot electrons with traps in Carbon doped GaN buffer is reported in this work. A mechanism controlling trapping of hot electrons in GaN buffer is proposed corroborating well with the experimental observations. Further, reliability of devices operating beyond critical voltage is analyzed using post failure FESEM and gate leakage analysis.
A Security Analysis of the Combex DarpaBrowser Architecture

We describe the results of a limited-time evaluation of the security of the Combex DarpaBrowser, built on top of Combex’s E architecture. The goal of our review was to evaluate the security properties of the DarpaBrowser, and in particular, its ability to confine a malicious renderer and to enforce the security policy described in the Combex Project Plan. Our mission was to assess the architecture. We were also asked to analyze the implementation, but only for purposes of identifying whether there were implementation bugs that could not be fixed within the architecture.
Common variants in the UBC9 gene encoding the SUMO‐conjugating enzyme are associated with breast tumor grade

UBC9 encodes a protein that conjugates small ubiquitin‐related modifier (SUMO) to target proteins resulting in a change of their localization, activity or stability. Genetic variability may affect expression and activity of UBC9 and may have an impact on breast tumor progression. We investigated associations between UBC9 genotypes and histopathological parameters in 1,021 breast cancer cases of the GENICA collection using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) tagging approach. Genotyping analyses were performed by TaqMan® allelic discrimination. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by ordinal logistic regression. Multiple imputation based on HapMap data was applied to boost the power of the study. The study revealed significant associations of three UBC9 SNPs with histological grade (rs7187167, ptrend = 0.001; rs11248866, ptrend = 0.009; rs8052688, ptrend = 0.008). Model selection identified a recessive penetrance model for rs7187167 as the best representation of tumor grade (global p = 0.001). This model did not improve by inclusion of additional SNPs in linkage disequilibrium. Imputation of SNPs in a 300 kb region around the genotyped SNPs supported rs7187167 as a major contributor to tumor grade. Compared with common allele carriers, rare homozygotes presented less frequently with high grade tumors (G3 vs. G1: OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.11–0.62; G3 vs. G2: OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.23–0.86). In addition to tumor size, nodal status and estrogen receptor status, multivariate analyses confirmed an independent role of rs7187167 as predictor of tumor grade (p = 0.0003). The present results underline the value of genetic variation in UBC9 for breast cancer prognosis. © 2009 UICC
Regulation of cellular morphology by the Rous sarcoma virus src gene: analysis of fusiform mutants

We have been interested in how Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) influences transformed cell morphology and compared the molecular properties of chicken embryo cells (CEC) infected with mutants of RSV that induce the fusiform transformed cell morphology with those of CEC infected by wild-type RSV, which induces the more normal round transformed cell morphology. We looked for properties shared by all fusiform mutant-infected cells, because these may be responsible for maintaining the fusiform morphology. Five different fusiform mutants, two wild-type RSVs, and one wild-type back revertant of a fusiform mutant were studied. In the fusiform mutant-infected cells, the localization and myristylation of pp60src were determined and the extent of expression of the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin was examined at both the mRNA and protein levels. The phosphorylation of vinculin on tyrosine also was examined in the same CEC. Within all fusiform mutant-transformed CEC, pp60src was dramatically absent from the adhesion plaque sites normally seen in cells transformed with wild-type RSV, and these transformed CEC all expressed more fibronectin mRNA and protein in the extracellular matrix than did the wild-type RSV-transformed CEC. The absence of pp60src from the adhesion plaques was not due to lack of myristylation of the src protein, and tyrosine phosphorylation of vinculin was not related to fibronectin expression. These results suggest that the inverse relationship between pp60src in the adhesion plaques and fibronectin expression in the extracellular matrix may be interconnected phenomena and could be related to the maintenance of the fusiform transformed morphology.
Unusual primary intracranial dural‐based poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma with t(X; 18)(p11; q11)

Synovial sarcoma is a rare aggressive neoplasm occurring at any site of the body, mainly in young adults. It may also arise in the CNS but has seldom been reported. We report a case of unusual intracranial synovial sarcoma in a young male patient. Neuroimaging revealed a large gadolinium‐enhancing mass was located at the right anterior cranial fossa and was associated with multiple cyst formation. The mass was dural‐based and was observed to invade the right orbital apex and ethmoidal bulla. Histologically, the tumor was composed of uniform oval and round cells with scant cytoplasm and indistinct borders. The tumor cells were observed to form densely cellular sheets, but in some areas, the tumor showed hemangiopericytomatous vascular pattern consisting of tumor cells arranged around dilated, thin‐walled blood vessels. By immunohistochemistry, vimentin, CD99 and Bcl‐2 were diffusely positive in most cells, and a focally weak reactivity for S‐100 protein was also observed. However, the tumor cells were negative for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), CK7, CK8/18, CK19, epithelial membrane antigen, CD34, synaptophysin, GFAP, desmin, myogenin, and smooth muscle actin. Cytogenetic analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated a translocation t(X;18)(p11;q11), an aberration specific for synovial sarcoma. A diagnosis of primary dural‐based poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma was made. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a poorly differentiated variant of synovial sarcoma occurring in dura mater and confirmed by cytogenetic analysis. The present case indicates that appropriate immunohistochemical analysis, and in particular molecular analysis, are essential for accurately diagnosing small, round‐cell neoplasms in unusual locations.
Effects of varying the carbon source limiting growth on yield and maintenance characteristics of Escherichia coli in continuous culture

The magnitudes of Yo (grams [dry weight] formed per gram of atom O) and mo, the maintenance respiration (milligram-atoms of O per gram [dry weight] per hour), of Escherichia coli B have been determined by growing the organism in aerobic continuous culture limited by a number of different substrates. The value found were as follows: glucose--tyo = 12.5, mo = 0.9; glucose plus 2.7 mM cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)--Yo = 31.2, mo = 9.3; galactose--Yo = 13.2, mo = 1.8; mannitol--Yo = 20.1, mo = 6.1; L-glutamate--Yo = 25.5, mo = 17.7; glycerol--Yo = 14.9, mo = 10.0; succinate--Yo = 11.2, mo = 12.1; and acetate--Yo = 14.7, mo = 25.4. During growth in anaerobic continuous culture with limiting glucose YATP was found to be 10.3 g (dry weight)/mol of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and m ATP was 18.9 mmol of ATP/g (dry weight) per h. The aerobic growth yields of cells growing on glucose, glucose plus cAMP, mannitol, and glutamate were consistent with the hypothesis that carbohydrates partially repress oxidative phosphorylation, but the yields of cells growing on glycerol, succinate, acetate, and galactose were all lower than expected. We conclude that, like the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, both the maintenance respiration and the amount of ATP necessary to serve maintenance processes are determined by the identity of the growth substrates. Yields smaller than expected may be explained by the absence of respiratory control exerted by phosphate acceptors.
Managing Sedentary Behavior with Smartphone

Sedentary behavior has emerged as a potential risk factor for metabolic health. Regular break of sedentary behavior is the best way to overcome this problem. Health habits requires support to sustain healthy practices. Mobile health behavior change support system via smartphone technology holds potential in delivering health behavior change intervention at individual level. Thus, the aim of this review is to justify suitability of smartphone as an effective intervention to manage sedentary behavior. Findings from this review includes a list successful behavior change techniques targeted for sedentary behavior and smartphone functionalities suitable for managing sedentary behavior.
A Putative Cro-Like Repressor Contributes to Arylomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACT Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a significant public health concern and motivate efforts to develop new classes of antibiotics. One such class of antibiotics is the arylomycins, which target type I signal peptidase (SPase), the enzyme responsible for the release of secreted proteins from their N-terminal leader sequences. Despite the essentiality, conservation, and relative accessibility of SPase, the activity of the arylomycins is limited against some bacteria, including the important human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. To understand the origins of the limited activity against S. aureus, we characterized the susceptibility of a panel of strains to two arylomycin derivatives, arylomycin A-C16 and its more potent analog arylomycin M131. We observed a wide range of susceptibilities to the two arylomycins and found that resistant strains were sensitized by cotreatment with tunicamycin, which inhibits the first step of wall teichoic acid synthesis. To further understand how S. aureus responds to the arylomycins, we profiled the transcriptional response of S. aureus NCTC 8325 to growth-inhibitory concentrations of arylomycin M131 and found that it upregulates the cell wall stress stimulon (CWSS) and an operon consisting of a putative transcriptional regulator and three hypothetical proteins. Interestingly, we found that mutations in the putative transcriptional regulator are correlated with resistance, and selection for resistance ex vivo demonstrated that mutations in this gene are sufficient for resistance. The results begin to elucidate how S. aureus copes with secretion stress and how it evolves resistance to the inhibition of SPase.
Surgical Correction and Reconstruction of the Nipple-Areola Complex: Current Review of Techniques

Nipple malformations are common congenital or acquired conditions that can have tremendous cosmetic, psychological, breast-feeding, sexual, and hygienic ramifications. Ideal reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) requires symmetry in position, size, shape, texture, pigmentation, and permanent projection, and although many technical descriptions of NAC reconstruction exist in the medical literature, there are insufficient data presented to accurately compare outcomes. The current article comprises a thorough review of the literature, exploring the techniques described for NAC reconstruction, comparing reported outcomes and complications, and providing an evidence-based approach to NAC reconstruction. The findings of the review suggest that evidence regarding surgical correction of nipple deformity and complete NAC reconstruction is lacking, and loss of nipple projection over time is a pervasive problem common to all flap techniques. A combination of a single pedicle local flap with tattooing for complete NAC reconstruction is currently the most supported method; however, data concerning which type of reconstruction is best suited to immediate versus delayed and type of breast mound remain to be examined.
Detailed modified technique for safer harvesting and preparation of liver graft in the rat

Liver procurement and preparation for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in the rat is the first stage for beginners aiming to acquire mastery of this model. It requires extensive and precise dissection in which each detail must provide security for the procurement and perfection for the future graft. Many technical details, “tricks and secrets,” remain known only by expert teams, so that the learning phase can be long or unsuccessful if a period in such a team is not possible. We describe this procedure in great detail, including many improvements to the original technique. Complete illustration is provided to enable an easier appreciation of what remains the critical first part of the most difficult transplant model to perform in the rat. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 1998
Direct neutralization of alkaline-denatured plasmid DNA in sequencing protocol by the sequencing reagent itself.

Denaturation of the double stranded DNA is required before sequencing by the dideoxy chain termination method (1). Good results are routinely obtained with the alkaline-denaturation method, which involves incubation of the DNA in the presence of 0.2 M NaOH for a few minutes at room or higher temperatures (2,3). The alkaline mixture is then neutralized by the addition of sodium acetate (0.3 M), followed by ethanol precipitation to remove the excess salt. Taking into account the DNA loss during these steps, amounts of 3 to 5 fig of template are generally used. Thus these steps are both DNA and time consuming. An interesting modification to this original protocol, based upon the principle of neutralization of 1 volume of 1 N NaOH by 1 volume of 1 N HC1, has been reported which allows the ethanol precipitation to be bypassed (4). Here we report that neutralization of the alkaline mixture does not require any addition of salt or acidic solutions, since a reagent with a good buffer capacity is used later in the sequencing protocol. We obtained satisfactory sequencing data with different plasmid DNA preparations in the conditions described below. The plasmid DNA was prepared on Quiagen Tip 100, from a 30 ml over-night culture in LB medium plus ampicillin (50 mg/ml) of DH5a bacteria transformed with a recombinant plasmid pTZ18 containing a fragment of Ick cDNA (5). Quantification of the DNA solution was performed at 260 nm. Sequencing was performed with the Sequenase kit (USB). Plasmid DNA (2 ng) was denatured with 1 ii\ of 0.1 M NaOH in 4 fil total volume for 5 min at 37°. Then 2 fd of the 5x sequencing buffer are added with 4 fd of the universal primer (2 pmoles),and the annealing is followed for 5 min at 37°. During this time a mixture containing 2 /*1 of dGTP mix (five fold diluted), 1 ill of 0.1 M DTT, 0.5 fi\ to 1 fi\ of aP dCTP (10 mCi/ml, Amersham) and 2 fi\ of Sequenase enzyme (eight fold diluted), is prepared. This mixture (6 fd) is added and the polymerisation is performed at room temperature for 2 to 5 min. The remaining steps were exactly as described in the USB booklet. We observed that DNA sequencing can be performed with a low amount of template, as low as 0.5 fig. The data shown in the figure were respectively obtained with 2 jig (A) and 0.5 fig (B) of Ick plasmid DNA. As a comparison, we also show the result obtained using 2 fig of Ick plasmid DNA and the salt solution neutralization step (C), as indicated in the Sequenase booklet. We obtained similar good sequencing data with another plasmid DNA (pGEX-2T) using GST specific primers (Pharmacia) (data not shown). The composition ( l x ) of the sequencing buffer is 40 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 20 mM MgCl2 and 50 mM NaCl. Because of its great buffer capacity, we think that a Tris solution is better and safer than an acid solution to neutralize the alkaline DNA mixture.
DM_Integration: A Framework for Iterative Large Volume Data Integration

In this work, we consider the problem of large volume data integration in a relative compacted memory system. Previous work on data integration mainly focused on the difference elimination between data sources, and performed integration in memory in one pass. However, we see a new aspect of the problem: the data volume. We present a general framework called DM Integration for large volume data integration. The approach, instead of running one task to finish the whole integration, decomposes the integration task into several subtasks, each subtask works on a rela- tive small fraction of the data, and the subtasks run concur- rently. We show this method can be applied in novel ways for large volume data integration in a configurable mode. Keywords: Data Integration, Large Volume Data, Task Decomposition
Performance of Automatic Passenger Counters in the Ventura/Lompoc Smart Card Demonstration Project

Automatic Passenger Counters (APCs) were deployed as part of a Field Operational Test (FOT) of a Fare Transaction and Vehicle Management/Monitoring System (Faretrans VMS). The test took place across several transit operators in Ventura County, California between May 1995 and June 1997. The automatic passenger counters relied on laser sensors installed on buses to count passenger boardings and alightings. The APC data was intended to help the operators meet Federal Section 15 reporting requirements. There were several major technical problems with the APCs. Some of these problems, such as incompatibility with other hardware and software components of the system, were overcome during the course of the FOT. However, data processing problems were not surmounted, and the test revealed significant differences between APC passenger counts and manual passenger counts. The authors conclude that, while APC technology may eventually be a useful means of gathering ridership data, the technology did not perform successfully in this test.
Characterization of Plasma Extrachromosomal Circular DNA in Gouty Arthritis

Objective: Extrachromosomal circular DNA elements (eccDNAs) are known for their broad existence in cells and plasma, which may potentially play important roles in many biological processes. Our aim was to identify potentially functional or marked eccDNAs in gout patients. Methods: The Circle-Seq approach was applied for eccDNA detection from plasma in acute gout patients and healthy controls. Further analysis was performed on the distribution of genomic elements and eccDNA gene annotations in two groups. Results: We detected 57,216 and 109,683 eccDNAs from the acute gout and healthy control plasma, respectively. EccDNAs were mapped to the reference genome to identify diverse classes of genomic elements and there was no significant difference of eccDNAs on genomic element annotation between gout and control group. A total of 256 eccDNA-associated genes were detected as gout unique eccDNA genes, including COL1A1 and EPB42, which potentially contribute to hyperuricemia and gout, and a couple of genes involved in inflammation or immune response. Enrichment analysis showed that these eccDNA genes were highly correlated with defense response, stress response, and immune and inflammatory responses, including T cell receptor signaling pathway, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our discovery reveals the novel potential biological roles of plasma eccDNAs in gouty arthritis.
SIMULATION OF A COMPARTMENT FLASHOVER FIRE USING HAND CALCULATIONS, A ZONE MODEL AND A FIELD MODEL

A fully developed compartment fire was modeled in a 5m by 4m by 2,5m high office room. Ventilation was provided through a single open doorway 3m wide and 2,m high. Ignition of a computer on the top of an office table started the fire, that spread throughout the room. This paper discusses attempts to model the conditions within the compartment using three methods; hand calculations (Margareth Laws method), a two zone fire model (OZone, from the University of Liege), and a computational fluid dynamics model (SmartFire, from the University of Greenwich). Some fire growth scenarios were developed using the rate of heat release data from published sources. Predictions for maximum temperatures, upper and lower layer temperatures and fuel burning rate were developed for each methodology or model, where possible. Results from this study show that hand calculations and the zone model are able to reasonably predict conditions within a residential-scale room where the development of a fire is already known and the geometry of the space is relatively simple. In contrast to the zone model, the field model simulation attempts to model fire development at a more fundamental level by considering the thermo-physical properties of the materials rather than simply describing a rate of heat release history.
Clinical Nurse Researchers: Strategies for Success

One response to nursing's growing commitment to grounding practice in a research base has been the development of clinical nurse researcher positions in hospitals throughout the country. Drawing on data from a nationwide survey, the authors describe goals and strategies that clinical nurse researchers and their chief nurse executives identify as contributing to successfully carrying out the clinical nurse researcher role.
Assessment of interfacial charge accumulation in oil-paper interface in transformer insulation from polarization-depolarization current measurements

Accumulation of interfacial space charge in oil-paper interface is a critical issue in insulation diagnostics of transformers. This interfacial charge mainly accumulates due to the conductivity difference of oil and paper. Accumulation of interfacial charge leads to localized field enhancement, which further leads to partial discharges and acceleration in the aging of insulation. Therefore, from the point of view of transformer insulation diagnostics, assessment of interfacial charge is very important. However, it is not easy to estimate interfacial space charge behavior from the transformer diagnostics methods currently in use. In case of Polarization-Depolarization Current (PDC) measurement, a well known method for transformer condition monitoring, the effect of interfacial charge is reflected in the non-linearity of current response during polarization and de-polarization. During de-polarization process, a part of the interfacial charge accumulated during polarization period is absorbed by the electrodes producing a current, which is difficult to separate using conventional linear dielectric theory. In this paper, an attempt has been made to separate this current component from de-polarization current through considering charge de-trapping mechanism. Terming this current component as de-trapping current, its relationship with other parameters of transformer insulation is discussed. The developed methodology has been applied on several practical transformers. It was observed that the time constant of de-trapping current is related to the paper conductivity, oil conductivity, dissipation factor and age of the insulation.
Abdominopelvic tuberculosis in gynaecology: Laparoscopical and new laboratory findings

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a rare curable infective disease, caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which in abdominopelvic (AP) localisation, can mimic a disseminated carcinomatosis. Symptoms of AP‐TB are non‐specific, so diagnosis is difficult and elusive as the affected patients have normal chest X‐ray and elevated levels of CA125. Female ultrasonographic features of AP‐TB mimic peritoneal carcinomatosis, and the computed tomography has also been suggested to be helpful, but the final diagnosis was reached by histology and serology.