Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cross-national and longitudinal study on predictors in starting and stopping Internet use (2001-2013) by Swedish and Dutch older adults 66 years and above

Background The Internet and information communication technology is today considered as a means to sustain active and healthy aging, and to provide better care for the aging population. There is an increase in prevalence in older adults using the Internet, however many are still not using the Internet. This study therefore, investigated predictors in starting and stopping Internet use by older adults between 2001-2013 in Sweden and the Netherlands. These represent currently two of the highest older adult Internet users in Europe. The aim of this study was to examine, first, if there was a different starting and stopping rate in Sweden and the Netherlands; second, if the predictors age, gender, education, rural/urban living, living alone/not, cognition and functional limitations have different effects in either country. Methods A cross-national and longitudinal design was chosen. Data was used from the Longitudinal Aging study Amsterdam (LASA) and the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). Cox regression analyses were done to test the predictors over time with starting or stopping Internet use. An interaction term ‘variable*country’ was then considered for each variable, if significant, leading to a stratification into a multivariate model per country. Results More older adults started use in the Netherlands (19%); lower in age, normal cognitive functioning, living alone, fewer functional limitations and lower education were predictive of starting. In Sweden fewer started (10.3%), where being female was the only significant predictor of starting use. Both countries did not have many people stopping use; in the Netherlands (3%) they were younger in age and living urban, whereas in Sweden (1.7%), they had lower cognitive functioning. Conclusion Results indicate that there are differences between countries in starting use. These differences can possibly be explained by the early adoption of the Internet in Sweden. The new findings that the older adults living alone and lower educated are now going online, are positive regarding the theme of active aging. For those stopping use, the differences are more country-specific. More research is needed in order to understand better what an older adult was using the Internet for and why they stop.
Influence of Wutou Tang on Activity of CPY3A4 in Rat Liver Microsomes

Objective:The goal of the present study is to explore the interactions between Wutou Tang and CYP3A4 enzyme by determining the influence of Wutou tang on the activity of CPY3A4 in rat liver microsomes.Method: Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups.3 groups were intragastrically treated with Wutou tang high dose(2 times of the original prescription dose),medium dose(original prescription dose) and low dose(0.5 times of the original prescription dose) for 7 consecutive days,respectively.Drinking water was given intragastrically to blank control group and SKF-525A(0.1 g · kg-1) was given intragastrically to inhibitory control group.The activity of CPY3A4 was determined by UPLC method using testosterone as probe in vitro.Result: Compared with the blank control group,the testosterone metabolic rates were significantly lower of groups which were treated with Wutou tang high dose,medium dose and low dose(P0.05). The testosterone metabolic rates of Wutou tang high dose group was lower than Wutou tang medium dose group and low dose group.Conclusion: The activity of CPY3A4 was significantly inhibited with the continuous use of Wutou tang,which indicates that taking Wutou tang with CYP3A4 enzyme substrates might cause drug interactions.
Action research exploring Chinese physical education teachers’ value of physical education: from belief to culture

Abstract This action research explored how Chinese physical education teachers orient their values of physical education in the secondary and primary schools in which they teach. The purpose of the research was to allow participants to master the current progress in the development of physical education in Hong Kong, to provide a platform for participants to share and learn from one anothera platform for participants to shareess in the development of good practices through an evidence-based approach. The research team was composed of frontline physical educators from various settings, i.e. primary school, secondary school, teacher education institution and community adult education in physical education. Cheng, who taught at a primary school, and Shek, from a secondary school, participated as teacher-researchers in the study. There were two cycles of intervention with each cycle consisting of planning, acting, developing and reflecting. Through the process, the two teacher-researchers were able to realize how their teaching styles could have been established according to their beliefs and intentions. The group reflection process, involving frontline physical educators from different settings, allowed the participants to clarify their self-understanding on teaching perspectives and to reinforce their values towards physical education. In discussion, a spiral model from belief to culture was proposed to conceptualize how physical education teachers can orient their values of physical education in the schools where they teach.
Procedural context and culture : Variation in the antecedents of procedural justice judgments

Twenty-five years ago the social psychological study of procedural justice judgments began with the discovery that different dispute resolution procedures engender quite different fairness judgments, regardless of the outcome of the dispute. John Thibaut, Laurens Walker, and their students found that disputing procedures that grant disputants the opportunity to express their views and argue their case are seen as fairer than procedures that deny disputants this opportunity, even when the procedure results in poor outcomes (Walker, LaTour, Lind, & Thibaut, 1974; see Thibaut & Walker, 1975, and Lind & Tyler, 1988, chap. 2). The finding took on particular importance when research showed that procedural justice judgments play a very substantial role in determining which procedures are preferred by disputants (Thibaut, Walker, LaTour, & Houlden, 1974) and how satisfied the disputants are with the ultimate resolution of
Structure and Invariance of Executive Functioning Tasks across Socioeconomic Status: Evidence from Spanish-Speaking Children

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the latent structure of executive functions (EFs) in Spanish-speaking children and to test measurement invariance across socioeconomic status (SES). We sampled 248 children, aged 8 to 12, who were divided into two groups: 124 children from a medium socioeconomic status (MSS) and 124 children from a low socioeconomic status (LSS). We applied a neuropsychological battery consisting of various EF tasks and performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group CFA (MGCFA). CFA showed best fit for the three factor solution: (a) Working memory, (b) Cognitive flexibility, and (c) Inhibition. Moreover, the MGCFA revealed that the three-factor solution was invariant (configural, metric, and structural) across SES, allowing valid comparison between the groups (MSS and LSS) of factors. Finally, bifactorial MANOVA revealed a significant effect of SES and group age but not for the interaction between the two in the three EF dimensions indicative of quantitative group differences. Results are discussed in terms of the dimensional nature of the EF construct and the effects of SES on executive functioning.
Group Sequential Designs

In clinical research, a great interest in interim analyses exists for ethical, economical, and organizational or administrative reasons. Interim analyses are performed within sequential designs that offer the possibility to stop a trial early with a statistically significant test result. This trial will possibly need less patients than the trial with a fixed sample size in which a test decision can be made only at the end of the trial. A therapy that was shown to be superior can be applied earlier and the inferior therapy can be replaced by the better one. Furthermore, in interim analyses, the quality of the performance of the trial can be assessed and possibly be improved when necessary. Interim analyses are also carried out for the assessment of the safety of the treatments under consideration, and the observation of serious adverse events can lead to an early stopping of the trial. Keywords: interim analysis; sequential design; test design; significance testing; sequential probability ratio test
Getting out of hot water : Facework in social predicaments

Participants wrote accounts to victims of social predicaments. Results showed that autonomous perpetrators offered more mitigation, used more complexity in accounts, and used fewer lies, especially to acquaintances. High blame was associated with less mitigating and complex accounts and greater deception; this occurred despite perpetrators' understanding of probable relationship harm. Women were more concerned with repairing others' face damage, at least in part to preserve relationships; their self-esteem also was more harmed by lack of forgiveness, especially from friends. Perpetrators gave longer, more mitigating and complex accounts to friends and more mitigating accounts to high-status victims. Participants who used aggravating elements expected more positive relationships. Results are discussed in terms of competing demands for facework. Human social interaction has been characterized as an elaborate ritual governed by a shared system of politeness that implicitly recognizes the social identities or "faces" of participants (Brown & Levinson, 1987; Goffman, 1955, 1959; Scott & Lyman, 1968). When one party fails to observe conventions, the faces of all participants are threatened, interaction is disrupted, tension ensues, and participants feel lowered esteem (Goffman, 1955, 1959; Schonbach, 1990). For equilibrium to be restored, face damage must be repaired through corrective facework (see Cupach & Metts, 1994). If facework is not performed adequately, relationships are damaged or may terminate. Perpetrators play a crucial role in the restoration of equilibrium after face-threatening events through the provision of accounts that repair the victim's face damage. However, predicaments also threaten perpetrators' own faces; hence, accounts simultaneously must address damage to one's own and the victim's faces. Of course, needs for own and other facework often compete; if equilibrium is to be restored, accounts must achieve a delicate balance that satisfies both face needs.
Relação entre emendas parlamentares e corrupção municipal no Brasil: estudo dos relatórios do programa de fiscalização da Controladoria-Geral da União

Previous studies on corruption (Elliott, 2002; Klitgaard, 1988; Rose-Ackerman, 2002) present the relationship between amendments and municipal corruption. Four nonexclusive explanations for the correlation are discussed: (i) the growing potential gains of corruption; (ii) the number of transactions under the control of the local government; (iii) the pressure from groups of private rent-seekers and; (iv) revenue transfers might be the result of collusion between local governments and federal congressmen. Using data from the Controladoria-Geral da Uniao (Brazilian Internal Audit Agency) Anticorruption Program based on the random auditing of municipal government's expenditures, we study the relationship between amendments to the Brazilian Federal Budget Law and municipal corruption. On average, after controlling for a series of socio-economic and political variables, cities granted with revenue transfers derived from amendments have corruption rates that are 25% higher than the rest of the sample. Although our empirical results indicate that the increase in corruption occurs when the municipalities receive extraordinary revenue transfers, corruption seems to be insensitive to the amount of resources transferred. Such findings give more support to explanations (iii) and (iv).
Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Low Back Pain Treated in a Pain Rehabilitation Program

The study utilized an individual change model to investigate the effectiveness of a chronic pain rehabilitation program at treating pain, mood (depression, anxiety, and stress), and function for chronic low back pain patients. This retrospective study consisted of a sample of 621 patients with a chronic low back pain diagnosis who completed an interdisciplinary rehabilitation program. The outcomes of pain, mood and function were assessed at four waves including admission, discharge, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups using established instruments. The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS) by Lovibond and Lovibond (1995a) was used to assess patients’ self-reported levels of depression, anxiety and stress during the time period. The Pain Disability Index (PDI; Tait, Chibnall & Krause, 1990) assessed pain-related disability in several areas of functioning including: family/home functioning, recreational functioning, social functioning, occupational functioning, sexual functioning, self-care functioning, and life support functioning. Finally, a self-report Likert scale was used to determine patients’ self-reported levels of pain on a 0-10 point scale. Individual characteristics including age, gender, support, working status, and disability compensation status were also used as predictor variables. The study found that, regardless of patient characteristics or circumstance, treatment in an interdisciplinary chronic pain rehabilitation program was effective at improving patients’ moods, increasing their levels of functioning, and improving their
Clinical evaluation of the Shin‐Nippon SRW‐5000 autorefractor in adults

A clinical evaluation of the Shin‐Nippon SRW‐5000 (Japan), a newly released commercial autorefractor, was undertaken to assess its repeatability and validity compared to subjective refraction. Measurements of refractive error were performed on 200 eyes of 100 subjects (aged 24.4±8.0 years) subjectively (non‐cycloplegic) by one optometrist and objectively with the SRW‐5000 autorefractor by a second. Repeatability was assessed by examining the differences between the seven autorefractor readings taken from each eye and by re‐measuring the objective prescription of 50 eyes at a subsequent session. Although the SRW‐5000 read slightly more plus than subjective refraction (mean spherical equivalent +0.16±0.44 D), it was found to be highly valid (accurate) compared to subjective refraction and repeatable over the prescription range of +6.50 to −15.00 D examined. The Shin‐Nippon SRW‐5000 autorefractor is therefore a valuable complement to subjective refraction and as it offers the advantage of a binocular open field‐of‐view, has a great potential benefit for accommodation research studies.
ÍNDICE DE DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO E QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE IDOSOS

Objetivo: Verificar a relacao entre IDH e qualidade de vida de idosos. Metodo: Estudo transversal, quantitativo-descritivo de campo, com 182 idosos, de ambos os generos, ≥ 60 anos, frequentadores de Universidades Abertas para a Terceira Idade, dos municipios de Sao Caetano do Sul, Sao Paulo e Mogi das Cruzes. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada pelo WHOQOL - BREF. Foram utilizados os testes estatisticos Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney, adotando-se nivel de significância de 5%. Resultados: Nao houve diferenca estatisticamente significante quando comparada a qualidade de vida dos idosos dos tres municipios entre si; houve no dominio ambiental comparando-se Sao Caetano com os outros municipios; e nos dominios social e ambiental comparando-se Sao Caetano com Mogi. Conclusao: Concluiu-se que a influencia do IDH sobre os dominios social e ambiental nao foi percebida pelos idosos, o que pode representar uma barreira para a busca de uma melhor qualidade de vida em seus municipios.
Differences in Physical Activity and Built Environment Perceptions between Younger and Older Adults Living in The Same Rural

This study examined associations between perceptions and physical activity of younger and older adults residing in the same rural/small town community. Thirty-two adults completed interviews about their community and their physical activity. Both groups perceived their neighborhood as pleasant and safe to be active. Fewer older adults perceived their neighborhood as having sidewalks. Younger adults reported being more vigorously active and they were more often utilizing private membership clubs for physical activity. Older adults utilized more public recreational facilities. These results suggest that higher perceived quality of the neighborhood built environment can enhance participation in moderate exercise in older adults.
Original paper Assessment of the efficacy of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction based on the ECG analysis

Background: The method of recording ECG is of particular importance for the diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias, and an analysis of ST-segment behaviour, providing valuable information for the assessment of coronary circulation and the prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Aim: The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy with primary revascularization of the coronary artery responsible for myocardial infarction (infarct-related artery, IRA) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with persistent ST-segment elevation in intraoperative ECG monitoring. Material and methods: The study included 72 patients (64 – 89% men) with anterior AMI who were hospitalized in order to perform primary angioplasty (primary PCI). Results: The average time from onset of pain to admission to hospital was 2.5 ±1.3 h. The average time from admission to start of treatment (pPCI) was 78.2 ±12.4 min. Effective treatment with primary PCI IRA stenting was performed in all 72 patients (100%) after initial recanalization and predilation. All patients achieved good angiographic results evaluated on the basis of the size of the residual stenosis (below 10%), while flow in the grade TIMI III was found in 62 (86.1%) treated patients. In 49 patients (68%) metal stents ("Chopin") were implanted, and in 23 (32%) other patients paclitaxel-eluting stents ("Luc-Chopin”) (Balton, Warsaw, PL) were implanted. ECG recording including the nature and frequency of arrhythmia was initiated prior to PCI. The measurements of changes in ST-segment elevation in relation to the isoelectric line were evaluated in the lead that best maps the changes in recording. Analysis of ECG monitoring results showed the characteristic dynamics of reduction of the ST level. Index rate of ST-segment depression after PCI was 3070.3 ±946.6 μV/h. In all cases with PCI there was reported the occurrence of arrhythmias after the reperfusion. Ventricular extrasystole (ExV) occurred in 72 patients (100%), accelerated idioventricular rhythm in 13 (18.0%), ventricular tachycardia in 14 (19.4)%, and ventricular fibrillation in 2 (2.7%). Through correlation analysis a significant association was detected between indicators of the speed of ST-segment depression after reperfusion, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), calculated 7 days after PCI (r = 0.53366, p < 0.001). Conclusions: 1) ECG monitoring is a study method of high clinical value, to evaluate the efficacy of reperfusion therapy in patients with AMI. 2) A significant correlation was detected between the rate of ST-segment depression after reperfusion and LVEF measured after 7 days of ACS with ST-segment elevation. 3) Index of ST-segment depression after reperfusion is a good predictor of restoration of left ventricular systolic function. 4) Primary PCI with stenting is an effective method of IRA reperfusion treatment of patients with AMI.
The anterolateral ligament of the knee: anatomy, biomechanics, and clinical implications

A detailed anatomic description of the anterolateral ligament published in 2013 has led to a renewed interest in the anatomy of the anterolateral structures of the knee and lateral extraarticular reconstruction procedures. It was hypothesized that the anterolateral ligament may represent an important stabilizer to anterolateral rotational instability, and injury to this structure may be involved in the pathogenesis of a high-grade pivot shift. Hence, several authors have suggested reconstruction of this ligament in conjunction with intraarticular reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament to improve postoperative knee stability. This article provides a comprehensive review about the historical and contemporary literature related to the anterolateral ligament. The anatomic descriptions of the anterolateral ligament vary considerably with regard to the femoral insertion site, and it remains controversial whether the anterolateral ligament represents a distinct extracapsular ligament or a part of the anterolateral capsule. Based on currently available biomechanical data, the anterolateral ligament can be considered a stabilizer against internal tibial rotation. Preliminary data after combined reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament and anterolateral ligament are promising; however, the value of this combined procedure over isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has yet to be determined.
Study on the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome properties of the rat models of Parkinson's disease and "combining syndrome and disease" induced by 6-hydroxydopamine

Objective To establish a rat model of Parkinson's disease(PD) and "combining syndrome and disease" induced by 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA) and to investigate the syndrome properties of this rat PD model.Methods The rat model of Parkinson's disease was induced by 6-OHDA.To observe the effects of different herb compositions on 6-OHDA-induced PD rats,and to compare with the normal group and sham group.The changes of neurological behavior,tongue manifestation,oxidative stress,cyclic nucleotides and vasoactive substance were tested and analyzed.An integrative study was conducted to evaluate the traditional Chinese medical "syndrome property" of PD rats regarding the syndrome,objective targets,syndrome differentiation through formula effect assessment and so on.Results(1) The tongue manifestation: The microscopic tongue manifestation of the PD rat model was redness. (2) Behavioral changes: The number of rotation rounds of the PD model was significantly increased compared with that of the drug-treated groups(P0.01). There were significant difference between the groups(P0.01). (3) Objective indicators: The Tianma Gouteng decoction decreased the numbers of rotation rounds of PD rats,significantly better than Taohong Siwu decoction and Ditan decoction(P0.05). Compared with the normal group and sham group,the levels of MDA,cAMP,ET and TXB2 of the model group were significantly higher.the levels of SOD,GSH,GSH-Px,cGMP and 6-keto-pgf1α were significantly lower(P0.01). The Tianma Gouteng decoction decreased the levels of MDA,cAMP,ET,TXB2(P0.05 or P0.01),and increased the levs of SOD,GSH,GSH-Px,cGMP and 6-keto-pgf1α(P0.01). The Tianma Gouteng decoction and Ditan decoction improved SOD,GSH,GSH-Px(P0.05 or P0.01) and decreased cAMP(P0.05) and ET(P0.01). The levels of SOD,GSH,cGMP of the Tianma Gouteng decoction group were significantly different compared with those of the Ditan decoction group,and the levels of SOD,GSH,GSH-Px,cGMP,6-Keto-pgf1α and TXB2 of the Tianma Gouteng decoction group were significantly different compared with those of the Taohong Siwu decoction group(P0.05,or P0.01). Other indicators showed no significant differences(P0.05). Conclusion The syndrome property of PD rat models induced by 6-OHDA is mainly Yin deficiency mediated "Dongfeng".