Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of subjective age in sustaining wellbeing and health in the second half of life

Abstract Subjective age (SA) is a core indicator of the individual ageing experience, with important consequences for successful ageing. The aim of the current study was to investigate the directions of the longitudinal associations between domains of SA and subjective wellbeing and physical functioning in the second half of life. We used three-wave survey data (2002, 2007 and 2017) spanning 15 years from the Norwegian Lifecourse, Ageing and Generation Study, including 6,292 persons born between 1922 and 1961. SA was measured with felt-age and ideal-age discrepancies, wellbeing with the Satisfaction of Life Scale and physical functioning with the Short-Form 12. Three-wave cross-lagged panel models were applied to assess the temporal relationships between the different domains of SA, life satisfaction and physical functioning, adjusted for age, gender and education. Findings indicated that wanting to be younger was negatively associated with life satisfaction and physical functioning over time. Felt-age discrepancies did not predict subsequent wellbeing or physical functioning. The results did not reveal any evidence for reversed effects, i.e. from functioning or life satisfaction to SA. Our findings support the psychological pathway from satisfaction with age(ing) to subjective wellbeing and physical functioning over time. Small ideal-age discrepancies reflect positive self-perceptions of ageing, which may help to accumulate psychological resources, guide behavioural regulation and support health.
Characterization and epidemiology of Colletotrichum acutatum sensu lato (C. chrysanthemi) causing Carthamus tinctorius anthracnose

In 2012, Colletotrichum isolates were collected from field-grown safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) crops in central Italy from plants exhibiting typical anthracnose symptoms. Colletotrichum isolates were also collected from seed surfaces and from within seeds. The genetic variability of these isolates was assessed by a multilocus sequencing approach and compared with those from Colletotrichum chrysanthemi and Colletotrichum carthami isolates from different geographic areas and other Colletotrichum acutatum sensu lato-related isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all of the strains isolated from C. tinctorius belonged to the species described as C. chrysanthemi, whereas all of the strains belonging to C. carthami had been isolated from Calendula officinalis. Phenotypic characterization of isolates was performed by assessing growth rates at different temperatures, morphology of colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and the size of conidia. All C. chrysanthemi isolates from safflower had similar growth rates at different temperatures, comparable colony morphologies when grown on PDA and conidial sizes consistent with previously described C. chrysanthemi isolates. Pathogenicity tests were performed by artificially inoculating both seeds and plants and confirmed the seedborne nature of this pathogen. When inoculated on plants, C. chrysanthemi caused the typical symptoms of anthracnose on leaves. This is the first record of this pathogen on C. tinctorius in Italy, and it presents an updated characterization of Colletotrichum isolates pathogenic to safflowers in Europe.
Oogenesis and embryogenesis in Loa loa

Abstract The structure of the female reproductive tract, and the patterns of oogenesis, fertilization and embryogenesis were examined from two adult female Loa loa (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from Gabon. They were found to be indistinguishable in the two specimens, and almost indistinguishable from the pattern previously described from Dirofilaria immitis, except in chromosome number. Loa loa has 2n=10+X0.
Phylogenetic and biogeographic implications of chloroplast DNA variation in Picea

Purified chloroplast DNA (cp DNA) extracts from 31 species of Picea and two species of Pinus (P. sylvestris and P. cembra) were digested with eight restriction endo-nucleases, separated by electrophoresis and scored for restriction fragment length polymorphisms. The resulting data was analyzed phenetically and cladistically. The phenetic analysis indicated lower levels of cpDNA differentiation within Picea than within Pinus and lower levels of differentiation among Eurasian than among North-American Picea species. The cladistic analysis, using Pinus sylvestris as an outgroup, suggested monophyly for Picea and resolved several monophyletic groups among the 31 species of Picea. An assessment of biogeographic events, based on the cladogram, suggests that Picea originated in North-America and that the colonization of Eurasia occurred through separate, intercontinental migrations.
Chinese Abrupt Event Recognition Based on CBiGRU-Att Model

Aiming at the problem of poor portability of traditional event recognition methods, the need for a large number of learning features, and the poor interpretability of recurrent neural networks in different information features about degrees of importance, this paper proposes a Chinese abrupt event recognition method based CBiGRU-Att model. Firstly, the text corpus was preprocessed.Word2vec was used to generate word vectors and the local features of the word vectors were extracted by using the convolutional layer. Then the extracted features were used as the input of the BiGRU to obtain higher-order context features, and introduced the attention mechanism to weight feature. Finally, softmax function was used to activate the learned features and output the recognition results. Simulation results show that this method is superior to other methods in the precision and recall rate for Chinese abrupt event recognition.
The Role of Paracetamol (acetaminophen) in the Reduction of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease – a Case Study

Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects millions of people. Tremor is a common symptom. Treatment with levodopa can reduce tremor but is associated with “off periods” when the tremor returns as the dose wear off. The association of levodopa with neurotoxicity needs to be managed. This case study demonstrates the potential role of paracetamol (acetaminophen) in reducing tremor by extending the duration of levodopa efficacy. The case study aimed to confirm visual observations of tremor reduction associated with paracetamol medication. It utilised a mobile phone accelerometer and a software application to monitor the tremor of a subject with PD. The data produced provided information on frequency and variations in the intensity of the tremor. It was found that paracetamol alone does not appear to be effective at reducing tremor. The results show that paracetamol can reduce tremor in subjects during the period when their levodopa dose is usually wearing off particularly in the case of tremor concurrent with arm pain. There have been previous reports of a role for paracetamol or more particularly one of its metabolites, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinonimine, (NAPQI) in inhibiting pain signals in the spinal column. This could partly explain the theoretical basis for the reduction in tremor in this case.
A New Accelerated Viscosity Iterative Method for an Infinite Family of Nonexpansive Mappings with Applications to Image Restoration Problems

The image restoration problem is one of the popular topics in image processing which is extensively studied by many authors because of its applications in various areas of science, engineering and medical image. The main aim of this paper is to introduce a new accelerated fixed algorithm using viscosity approximation technique with inertial effect for finding a common fixed point of an infinite family of nonexpansive mappings in a Hilbert space and prove a strong convergence result of the proposed method under some suitable control conditions. As an application, we apply our algorithm to solving image restoration problem and compare the efficiency of our algorithm with FISTA method which is a popular algorithm for image restoration. By numerical experiments, it is shown that our algorithm has more efficiency than that of FISTA.
Troubling norms? Adults and teenagers with a life-limiting impairment in Denmark and England talk about their lives, support and future plans

ABSTRACT There are an increasing number of young people with a range of life-limiting impairments in our schools, colleges, universities and communities. One of these impairments is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), a rare, life-limiting genetic muscle-wasting impairment that affects predominantly males. Twenty years ago, most people with DMD did not live past the age of twenty years, but now due to a range of treatments they are living longer. However, education and social care services are often yet to catch up with this improved prognosis. The aim of this paper is to compare the findings from structured conversations with members of the DMD community in Denmark and England. Historically, adults in Denmark have reported a good quality of life with an optimal health care programme and generous social care, whereas adults with DMD in England have reported poor transition to adulthood planning leading to social isolation as an adult. Findings identified three key themes: the existence of normative goals; expertise from lived experience, and the meaning of independence for someone with a complex impairment. These themes are further discussed through the lens of ‘post-human thinking’, and implications for practice are explored.
Fractional Model for a Class of Diffusion-Reaction Equation Represented by the Fractional-Order Derivative

This paper proposes the analytical solution for a class of the fractional diffusion equation represented by the fractional-order derivative. We mainly use the Grunwald–Letnikov derivative in this paper. We are particularly interested in the application of the Laplace transform proposed for this fractional operator. We offer the analytical solution of the fractional model as the diffusion equation with a reaction term expressed by the Grunwald–Letnikov derivative by using a double integration method. To illustrate our findings in this paper, we represent the analytical solutions for different values of the used fractional-order derivative.
Single‐molecule imaging of cooperative assembly of γ‐hemolysin on erythrocyte membranes

Single‐molecule fluorescence imaging was used to investigate assembly of Staphylococcus aureus LukF and HS monomers into pore‐forming oligomers (γ‐hemolysin) on erythrocyte membranes. We distinguished the hetero‐oligomers from the monomers, as indicated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer between different dyes attached to monomeric subunits. The stoichiometry of LukF (donor) and HS (acceptor) subunits in oligomers was deduced from the acceptor emission intensities during energy transfer and by direct acceptor excitation, respectively. Based on populations of monomeric and oligomeric intermediates, we estimated 11 sequential equilibrium constants for the assembly pathway, beginning with membrane binding of monomers, proceeding through single pore oligomerization, and culminating in the formation of clusters of pores. Several stages are highly cooperative, critically enhancing the efficiency of assembly.
Calibration of bottom trawls for northern shrimp

Kingsley, M. C. S. , Wieland, K. , Bergstrom, B. , and Rosing, M. 2008. Calibration of bottom trawls for northern shrimp. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 873-881.The Skjervoy 3000 trawl used since 1988 in the West Greenland bottom-trawl survey has been replaced by a Cosmos 2000. To be able to compare old data on the northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) with new data, calibration experiments were carried out by trawling twice consecutively along the same track, using either the same gear twice or the two different gears in one order or the other. Catch models were fitted to the shrimp data—both size-aggregated catch weights and size-specific counts—by likelihood and Bayesian methods. The catch in the second haul relative to that in the first depended not only on the gear used in the two hauls, but also on density, the second catches being a smaller proportion of first catches when densities were high, and often larger than the first catches at low-density stations. This density-dependence of the catch ratio was larger for small shrimp than for big ones. The Cosmos trawl was estimated to fish with ∼87% of the catchability of the Skjervoy trawl after correction for its greater wingspread. Catchability ratio varied with the size of shrimp caught, but the differences were not statistically significant.
Optimization of RAPD-PCR conditions in cattle

Abstract Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD‐PCR) is a fast and easy way of identifying DNA polymorphisms generated from several regions of the genome. This could expedite the process of identifying informative polymorphic markers that may be linked to important genes controlling economic traits. In cattle, failure to obtain consistent amplification patterns in RAPD‐PCR has been a cause for concern. This has been attributed to the fact that decamer primers that are used in RAPD‐PCR reactions are likely to amplify regions of DNA where the primer‐template base pairing has some degree of mismatch and that these mismatches fail to repeat from reaction to reaction. This paper describes the use of tricine buffer along with changes in reaction components and thermal cycling conditions that has yielded consistent and reproducible RAPD‐PCR amplifications using single primers and double primer combinations on bovine DNA.
Secretion of human meprin from intestinal epithelial cells depends on differential expression of the α and β subunits

Human meprin (N-benzoyl-l-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid hydrolase, EC 3.4.24.18), an astacin-type metalloprotease, is expressed by intestinal epithelial cells as a dimeric protein complex of a and b subunits. In transfected cells, intracellular proteolytic removal of the membrane anchor from the a subunit results in its secretion, while the b subunit and a/b heterodimers are retained at the cell membrane. We investigated the consequence of differential intracellular processing of a and b subunits in the human small and large intestine using subunit-specific immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and biosynthetic studies in organ culture. In the ileum, both subunits localize to the brush-border membrane of villus enterocytes. In contrast, the b subunit is not expressed in the colon, which leads to the secretion of the a subunit. We conclude that differential expression of meprin a and b subunits is a unique means of targeting the proteolytic activity of the a subunit either to the brush-border membrane in the ileum or to the lumen in the colon, suggesting dual functions of cell-associated and luminal meprin. Meprin a and b subunits are also coexpressed in distinct lamina propria leukocytes, suggesting an additional role for this protease in leukocyte function in the intestinal mucosa.
Time varying factor models with possibly strongly correlated noises

In factor models, noises are often assumed to be weakly correlated; otherwise, separation of factors from noises becomes difficult, if not impossible. This paper will address this problem. We utilize an econometric idea, the so called common correlated effects (CCE) to estimate time varying factor models. We first cross sectionally average the covariates and then project the responses to the space spanned by the averaged covariates. By doing so, noises are diminished while factors are distinguished. The advantages of our new estimators are two folds. First, the convergence rates of estimated factors and loadings are independent of cross sectional dimension. Second, our new estimators are robust to the correlation of noises. Hence our new estimators can, on one hand, separate market factors for the stock data set used in this paper even if noises exhibit strong correlations within industries due to industry-specific factors and on the other hand, avoid inappropriately absorbing industry-specific factors into market factors.
Geometric Accuracy, Volumetric Accuracy and Compensation of CNC Machine Tools

The production of geometrically and dimensionally defined workpieces is what the user expects from a machine tool. Deviations from these prescribed dimensions and geometry are due to machine inaccuracies. Therefore, it was necessary to develop tests and tests on the properties and parameters of machine tools that can detect these. Every new machine tool undergoes these tests.How to perform and evaluate these tests is determined and recommended primarily by standards and regulations. When testing the properties of machines, it is not only about knowing and knowing how to measure machines, but also how I can analyze and apply the obtained results. Is it necessary to do a mechanical intervention of the machine or is it enough to compensate the software?
Iris segmentation using Hough Transform method and Fuzzy C-Means method

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapy is quite popular for chronic diseases such as diabetes, arthritis, and others. CAM has become very popular in the last period. One area of CAM is iridology, which is an alternative diagnosis that links iris patterns, color, tissue weakness, damage and other characteristics, which can obtain evidence about the patient’s systemic health. In identification based on the eye image, it requires an iris separation process. This separation process in image processing is done by segmentation. So that segmentation plays an important role in the identification of diseases based on images. In this research segmentation is done by combining the Hough Transform method and the clustering-based segmentation method, the Fuzzy C-Means method. The segmentation is done on the iris object which is sourced from UBIRIS V2 database. System evaluation is done by measuring accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and execution time. Test results on the tested iris image indicate the proposed method is able to segment the iris image properly.
Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces based on fluorosilane and TiO2/SiO2 nanocomposites

ABSTRACT In this work, we reported a facile method to fabricate highly stable superhydrophobic coatings via blending two kinds of nanoparticles and crosslinked fluorosilanes. Simultaneous use of nano-TiO2 and hydrophobic nano-SiO2 cannot only synergistically construct multi-scale roughness structures on the superhydrophobic surfaces, but also greatly improve the hydrophobic stability of the superhydrophobic coatings. It was found that the water contact angle and contact angle hysteresis of the as-prepared coatings were, respectively, 166.6° and 3.4°. Owing to the excellent properties of crosslinked fluorosilanes, the composite coatings also exhibited good thermal stability, chemical stability and self-cleaning property. Owing to its flexibility and simplicity, the method is a facile and inexpensive way to achieve the lotus effect and exhibits high values in practical application.
Roles and characteristics of problem solving in the mathematics curriculum: a review

Since problem solving became one of the foci of mathematics education, numerous studies have been performed to improve its teaching, develop students’ higher-level skills, and evaluate its learning. While these studies usually study specific aspects of problem solving, further research is needed to understand how to address problem solving from a more comprehensive perspective, especially in the curriculum. We therefore ask two questions: What characteristics should problem solving have at each stage of the curriculum enactment process to ensure successful implementation? What role should problem solving have from a global curriculum perspective? To answer these questions, we perform a literature review to identify the roles and characteristics of problem solving that facilitate its successful implementation. Based on qualitative analysis of the data, we organize the results into the following categories: conditions of the education system, curriculum structure, characteristics of the planned curriculum and instructional design, types of problems in the intended curriculum and instructional materials, characteristics of the tasks implemented, classroom management, evaluation, student-related considerations, and teachers’ roles during problem solving. We also identify five principles to implement problem solving in teaching mathematics: understanding, reasoning, autonomy, collaboration and affective factors.
Improvement of Trisodium Citrate-Modified NiFe-Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets with Carbon Black for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

The pursuit of highly active and cost-effective catalysts toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a crucial strategy to resolve the imminent energy crisis. NiFe layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) is acknowledged as one of the most promising OER electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolytes. Herein, we report a novel stepwise approach to synthesize NiFe LDHs materials merging with carbon black (CB) via trisodium citrate (TC), modifying toward OER. Benefiting from the inimitable wrapped structure, the decreased size of porous nanosheets and the superconductivity of CB substrate, NiFe LDHs/CB-TC presents excellent catalytic features with a comparative overpotential (236 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and an ultralow Tafel slope (31 mV dec−1), which are almost lower than those of advanced catalysts associated with expensive carbonaceous materials. Therefore, it is expected that such a high-activity and low-cost material can be a promising catalyst employed for the electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems.
Rhizopogon in North America

Rhizopogon Fries & Nordholm emend. Tulasne, Giorn. Bot. Ital. 2: 56-63. 1844; Fries & Nordholm, Symb. Gast. 1: 5. 1817; Fries, Syst. Myc. 2: 293-294. 1823; Summa Veg. Scand. 435. 1849; Tulasne, Fung. Hypog. 85-91. 1851; DeToni in Sacc. Syll. Fung. 7: 161-164. 1888; Hesse, Hypog. Deutschl. 1: 86-94. 1891. -Not Corda, Anleit. z. Stud. Myc. (lxxxiii) 110. p1. D. 46. f. 16-18. 1842. -Hysteromyces Vittadini, Notiz. nat. e civ. sulla Lombardia 1: 340. 1844. -Splanchnomyces Corda in Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. 3: 3-4. pl. 2. 1831; Anleit. z. Stud. Myc. (lxxxii) 107. pl. D. 45. 1842; Icon. Fung. 5: 26. 1842; Ibid. 6: 37-45. 1854, (in part); Nees v. Esenbeck, Th. F. L. & Henry, A. Syst. d. Pilze 1: 73. pl. 10. 1837. The type species of the genus is Rhizopogon luteolus Fries & Nordholm emend. Tulasne. Fructifications globose, ellipsoidal and oblately spheroidal to irregular; fibrils filiform, terete or flattened, loosely or innately appressed, simple or anastomosing, leading to rhizomorphs, usually dark-colored when dry; peridium either thick, subcoriaceous, stupose, or thin, submembranaceous, and separable from the gleba with difficulty if at all, context either compact or loosely woven; gleba at first white, becoming
14. Is literacy what we need in an unequal data society?

Having the skills and awareness to make sense of data visualizations has become a contributing factor in determining who gets to participate in our data-driven society. Initiatives that seek to enable people to make sense of some aspect of our digital, datafied worlds are often described in terms of literacy. However, taking a closer look at different usages of literacy across academia, policy, and practice reveals different notions of power embedded in different populations’ implicit understanding of the term. Situated in the emerging field of critical data studies, the field that is concerned with understanding data’s role in reproducing and creating social inequalities, this is a conceptual chapter that asks how useful literacy is in this context.