Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inclusive disaster risk reduction education for Indonesian children

Children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) have a profoundly higher risk of death or injury than their peers when natural disasters occur. International policies call for inclusive disaster risk reduction education (DRRE) to help ameliorate this situation. This paper focuses on Indonesia, which has one the highest incidences of these disasters. A three-part structured literature review was undertaken regarding DRRE and children with SEND, followed by a questionnaire to in schools. Firstly, potential papers were screened against explicit criteria, yielding 23 papers for inclusion in the review. Secondly, these 23 papers were screened for identi ﬁ able DRR programmes, producing 12 items. Thirdly, evaluations of these 12 programmes were sought. The ﬁ ndings revealed that children with SEND were largely absent within the published research, the DRRE programmes, and all subsequent evaluations of the DRRE programmes. Questionnaire responses from 769 teachers from across Indonesia indicated that DRRE was often lacking, and that no programmes that were being used were accessible for all children. This is the ﬁ rst study to gain this insight and it concludes that there is a need for DRRE across mainstream, inclusive, and special schools, which has an inclusive and enagaing pedagogy that is accessible for all children.
C-RED 2 ER: high speed extended range InGaAs cameras

MCT-based cameras are very competitive when it comes to ultra-low light imaging, however it is crucial for less demanding applications to have a non-cryogenic and cost-effective solution. Progress in band-gap engineering has enabled to shift the detection cut-off wavelength of InGaAs by tuning the indium composition of the InxGa1-xAs compound. Operating with a double TEC coupled to air and water cooling, the C-RED 2 Extended Range cameras are an alternative to MCT for specific applications in astronomy and free space optics. We will present the performances of these new VGA extended range InGaAs cameras with sensitivity from 1.1 μm to 1.9 μm and from 1.2 μm to 2.2 μm.
Characterizing the line spread function in integral field spectrographs from ground-based telescopes

Spectral Point Spread Function, or in other words Line Spread Function (LSF), quantifies a spectrograph’s response to a monochromatic light source. Accurate knowledge of the LSF is needed to measure the velocity dispersion of the stars or gas from the spectra of galaxies, when these quantities are comparable or smaller than the width of the LSF. The LSF information is also crucial to subtract background sky emission in near-infrared integral field spectroscopic (IFS) instruments from ground-based telescopes. Accurate models of LSF cannot be obtained from the spectrograph data itself due to their coarse sampling to provide a wide instantaneous wavelength coverage. In the case of IFS instruments, the LSF can assume complex shapes and these shapes can change dependent on the location on the IFS field-of-view. In this manuscript, we derive accurate LSF models in the H-band grating of the SINFONI spectrograph, a near-infrared IFS on board the Very Large Telescope in Chile, using a dedicated calibration programme. We model the LSF profiles using Gauss-Hermite polynomials and we use the parameters from these models to predict the shape of the LSF profile at any location on the detector. We also demonstrate that the LSF can be derived from the curvature in the arc-lamp frames. Finally, we derive the LSF of the upcoming ELT/HARMONI spectrograph using the slit-curvature method for different resolutions and grating set-ups
A Fully-Integrated CMOS System-on-Chip Ku Band Radiometer System for Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice

This paper presents a fully integrated single-chip Ku-band radiometer system for snow and ice sensing in 65nm CMOS. The single chip contains the Ku receiver chain, synthesizer, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), digital signal processing (DSP), digital calibration, and a USB interface to form a complete sensing system requiring only a single external MMIC LNA preamplifier. The entire radiometer system consumes 485mW including the external MMIC and achieves a measured NEΔT of 1.64K with an Allan deviation time of 1.5 seconds.
Analysis of psychic imbalance, caused by screening of a video of surgical extraction of a lower third molar in a sample of mental patients as compared to the general population

Background The goal of this study is to validate the psychometric properties of the Hamilton Rating Scales for anxiety and depression. These two scales will be used to analyze anxiety and depression, seven days before, after and seven days after screening of a video showing ex-traction of a lower third molar in four different strata of the sample: mixed disorder, anxiety dis-order, adaptive disorder, and no mental disorder. Material and Methods A prospective study was performed of 240 Caucasian subjects ages 18-70 in a psychiatry outpatient clinic in Malaga. The study was ap-proved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Seville. Following interviews with a psychiatrist and completion of the Hamilton scales, the participants were divided into four levels, with 60 participants per group. The influence of sex and place of residence were analysed. Results The scales showed good psychometric properties. At the three video screenings, the means were higher for women, persons from rural environments and persons with mixed disorder in the first instance and then anxiety disorder. Conclusions Patients with mixed disorder experience a higher level of anxiety and depression than do patients free of mental pathologies. Key words:Anxiety disorder, adaptive disorder, dental anxiety, mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, surgical extraction.
RF-Ray: Sensing Objects in the Package via RFID Systems

In this article, we design and implement RF-Ray, a system that can detect whether the internal object of a package is illegally replaced using radio frequency (RF) identification tags in dynamic transport without opening the package, preventing the replacement of objects and enhancing the safety of the object in transport. RF-Ray is based on the principle that different objects have different reflective features to tag signals, and we extract the reflective features of the object from multipath signals by building a feature extraction model, which is based on a convolutional neural network. We propose solutions to all challenges encountered and conduct extensive experiments to verify system's accuracy. Our results show that RF-Ray can achieve an accuracy rate of over 97%. Compared with Echoscope, TagRay, and Tagscan, RF-Ray can guarantee high accuracy to identify the internal object in the package in dynamic scenes. In addition, we conduct an experimental analysis of factors that affect the performance of the system, and experiments demonstrate that RF-Ray has a good performance.
Influence of Nutritional Ketosis Achieved through Various Methods on Plasma Concentrations of Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) expression is decreased in conditions associated with cognitive decline as well as metabolic diseases. One potential strategy to improve metabolic health and elevate BDNF is by increasing circulating ketones. Beta-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) stimulates BDNF expression, but the association of circulating BHB and plasma BDNF in humans has not been widely studied. Here, we present results from three studies that evaluated how various methods of inducing ketosis influenced plasma BDNF in humans. Study 1 determined BDNF responses to a single bout of high-intensity cycling after ingestion of a dose of ketone salts in a group of healthy adults who were habitually consuming either a mixed diet or a ketogenic diet. Study 2 compared how a ketogenic diet versus a mixed diet impacts BDNF levels during a 12-week resistance training program in healthy adults. Study 3 examined the effects of a controlled hypocaloric ketogenic diet, with and without daily use of a ketone-salt, on BDNF levels in overweight/obese adults. We found that (1) fasting plasma BDNF concentrations were lower in keto-adapted versus non keto-adapted individuals, (2) intense cycling exercise was a strong stimulus to rapidly increase plasma BDNF independent of ketosis, and (3) clinically significant weight loss was a strong stimulus to decrease fasting plasma BDNF independent of diet composition or level of ketosis. These results highlight the plasticity of plasma BDNF in response to lifestyle factors but does not support a strong association with temporally matched BHB concentrations.
Impact of Aerobics Exercise Training on the Pulse Oximetry of Pregnant Women in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital

A significant proportion of women stop exercising after knowing they are pregnant, and only a handful begin exercising throughout pregnancy. Adopting or maintaining a sedentary lifestyle while pregnant may contribute to the development of certain illnesses. Given the worldwide epidemic of sedentary behaviour and obesity-related disease, prenatal physical exercise has been demonstrated to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of these illnesses. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of aerobics exercise training on the pulse oximetry of pregnant women. Sixty-four pregnant women who completed the study were simply randomized into experimental (n=38) and control (n=26) groups and their pre-intervention values were taken and recorded. A ten week, three times weekly aerobic exercise (40 – 45minutes) training was administered on the experimental group. A post-intervention score was also taken from all participants and the data analyzed using mean and standard deviations. Analysis of covariance was used to determine the impact at 0.05 alpha level. Results showed the Aerobic Exercise Training impacted on the pulse oximetry of pregnant women in the experimental group which reduced from a mean score of 97.82+0.73 to 97.66+1.07 and the control group from 96.96+0.87 to 96.15+0.92 . From the foregoing, it was concluded that the Aerobic Exercise Training was impactful on the pulse oximetry of the pregnant women.
Effects of Long-Term Exposure to 2260 m Altitude on Working Memory and Resting-State Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex: A Large-Sample Cross-Sectional Study

It has been well established that very-high-altitude (>4000 m) environments can affect human cognitive function and brain activity. However, the effects of long-term exposure to moderate altitudes (2000–3000 m) on cognitive function and brain activity are not well understood. In the present cross-sectional study, we utilized an N-back working memory task and resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy to examine the effects of two years of exposure to 2260 m altitude on working memory and resting-state brain activity in 208 college students, compared with a control group at the sea level. The results showed that there was no significant change in spatial working memory performance after two years of exposure to 2260 m altitude. In contrast, the analysis of resting-state brain activity revealed changes in functional connectivity patterns in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), with the global efficiency increased and the local efficiency decreased after two years of exposure to 2260 m altitude. These results suggest that long-term exposure to moderate altitudes has no observable effect on spatial working memory performance, while significant changes in functional connectivity and brain network properties could possibly occur to compensate for the effects of mild hypoxic environments. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the resting state activity in the PFC associated with working memory in people exposed to moderate altitudes.
MetaEmotions at School: A Program for Promoting Emotional and MetaEmotional Intelligence at School; a Research-Intervention Study

MetaEmotions at Schools is a SEL program that aims at promoting the culture of emotional and metaemotional intelligence in schools, and at improving emotional awareness both among teachers and students. It is a train-the-trainers program that unfolds in five steps, respectively, aimed at stimulating teachers and students to: (1) develop emotional literacy; (2) create emotionally inclusive environments; (3) build tools, materials and methods for emotionally inclusive classes; (4) develop didactic method mediated by emotions; (5) become ambassadors of the metaemotional intelligence at school and beyond. In this study, we report some results of the first application of the training program, focusing in particular on the effect of the program on emotional and metaemotional intelligence of participants. A total of 264 pupils from lower secondary schools of five Italian cities were recruited and divided in 9 intervention and 9 comparison classes. All participants were administered with emotional and metaemotional intelligence assessment tools before and after the training program. The results showed that emotional abilities scores in the intervention groups tended to be stable over time compared to the comparison groups ones which tended to decrease. Moreover, the pupils showed a reduced tendency to overestimate their emotional abilities. These results pave the way to further applications of the program and shed the light on areas of improvement.
Jets From X‐ray Binaries: A Brief Overview and Comparison with Active Galactic Nuclei

In this paper I give a brief and subjective review of the current state of knowledge regarding jets from X‐ray binary systems, also known as microquasars. In particular I discuss how the presence of different ‘types’ of jet, as observed in the radio band, appears to relate to the accretion ‘state’ of the source, as revealed by X‐ray spectral and timing properties. Finally, I make some attempt to connect the observed patterns of behaviour to Active Galactic Nuclei.
Detection of NRG1 Gene Fusions in Solid Tumors

Purpose: NRG1 gene fusions are rare but potentially actionable oncogenic drivers that are present in some solid tumors. Details regarding the incidence of these gene rearrangements are lacking. Here, we assessed the incidence of NRG1 fusions across multiple tumor types and described fusion partners. Experimental Design: Tumor specimens submitted for molecular profiling at a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)–certified genomics laboratory and that underwent fusion testing by anchored multiplex PCR for targeted RNA sequencing were retrospectively identified. The overall and tumor-specific incidence was noted, as was the specific fusion partner. Results: Out of 21,858 tumor specimens profiled from September 2015 to December 2018, 41 cases (0.2%) harbored an NRG1 fusion. Multiple fusion partners were identified. Fusion events were seen across tumor types. The greatest incidence was in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, 25), though this represented only 0.3% of NSCLC cases tested. Other tumor types harboring an NRG1 fusion included gallbladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, neuroendocrine tumor, sarcoma, and colorectal cancer. Conclusions: NRG1 fusions can be detected at a low incidence across multiple tumor types with significant heterogeneity in fusion partner. See related commentary by Dimou and Camidge, p. 4865
A Driving Situation Inference for Autopilot Agent Transparency in Collaborative Driving Context

Overly trust in the autopilot agent has been identi-fied as the primary factor of road incidents involving autonomous cars. As this agent is considered a human driver counterpart in the collaborative driving context, many researchers suggest its transparency to mitigate such overly trust mental model. Hence, this paper aims to develop a driving situation inference method as a transparency provider explaining the types of situations the autopilot agent encounters leading to its certain decision. The proposed method is verified using an autonomous driving simulator called Carla. The findings show that the proposed method can generate situations which enable the human driver to calibrate their trust in the autopilot agent.
An Inductor-Less All-Passive Higher-Order N-Path Filter Based on Rotary Clocking in N-Path Filters

In this paper, we present a widely-tunable, higher-order N-path filter with passive voltage gain that exploits (i) an inductor-less, all-passive higher-order filter topology and (ii) a rotary-clock-path N-path filter that achieves center-frequency shifting without needing a tunable clock frequency or the use of active circuitry. The proposed N-path filter achieves >10dB voltage gain, >16dB selectivity (rejection at 1BW offset from the center), and 30-50dB out-of-band (OOB) rejection, while consuming only 18mW at 500MHz and 0.56mm2 active area.
Molecular Mechanisms Controlled by mTOR in Male Reproductive System

In recent years, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has emerged as a master integrator of upstream inputs, such as amino acids, growth factors and insulin availability, energy status and many others. The integration of these signals promotes a response through several downstream effectors that regulate protein synthesis, glucose metabolism and cytoskeleton organization, among others. All these biological processes are essential for male fertility, thus it is not surprising that novel molecular mechanisms controlled by mTOR in the male reproductive tract have been described. Indeed, since the first clinical evidence showed that men taking rapamycin were infertile, several studies have evidenced distinct roles for mTOR in spermatogenesis. However, there is a lack of consensus whether mTOR inhibition, which remains the experimental approach that originates the majority of available data, has a negative or positive impact on male reproductive health. Herein we discuss the latest findings concerning mTOR activity in testes, particularly its role on spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) maintenance and differentiation, as well as in the physiology of Sertoli cells (SCs), responsible for blood–testis barrier maintenance/restructuring and the nutritional support of spermatogenesis. Taken together, these recent advances highlight a crucial role for mTOR in determining the male reproductive potential.
Analytical Modeling of Vibration of Micropolar Plates

This paper presents an extension of mathematical static model to dynamic problems of micropolar elastic plates, recently developed by the authors. The dynamic model is based on the generalization of Hellinger-Prange-Reissner (HPR) variational principle for the linearized micropolar (Cosserat) elastodynamics. The vibration model incorporates high accuracy assumptions of the micropolar plate deformation. The computations predict additional natural frequencies, related with the material microstructure. These results are consistent with the size-effect principle known from the micropolar plate deformation. The classic Mindlin-Reissner plate resonance frequencies appear as a limiting case for homogeneous materials with no microstructure.
The IceCube DeepCore

We present status and physics motivations for the low energy extension to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, called “DeepCore. ” DeepCore will consist of at least 6 additional strings located in the center of the IceCube array of which a first string will be deployed in the upcoming polar season. Together with nearby IceCube strings, a total of 13 strings will offer a nested densely instrumented array with an interstring spacing of 72 m (to compare to the nominal 125 m spacing of IceCube). Each DeepCore string will be instrumented with 60 high quantum‐efficiency PMTs housed in standard IceCube optical modules. The majority of these will be located in the bottom part of the detector where the ice is the clearest. The use of this denser array will lower IceCube’s threshold for muon neutrinos down to energies as low as 10–20 GeV. Furthermore, the nominal array surrounding DeepCore provides a highly effective veto against atmospheric muons that allows accessibility to low energy neutrinos over 4π in solid angle.
Gender minority stress in education: Protecting trans children’s mental health in UK schools

Abstract Background: Trans children are known to experience challenges in education, in schools under-prepared for trans inclusion. Research on trans people’s mental health has shown an association between experiences of Gender Minority Stress (GMS) and poor mental health, though the GMS framework has not been applied to trans children’s experiences in education. Aims: This article examines trans children’s experiences of GMS in primary and early secondary education (ages 3–13 years old) in UK schools. The study aimed to uncover opportunities for protective action to safeguard trans children’s mental health. Methods: The GMS framework was applied to a rich qualitative dataset drawn from semi-structured interviews with 10 trans children and 30 parents of trans children average age 11 years-old (range 6–16). Data were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. Results: The research highlighted the diverse ways in which GMS manifests in primary and secondary education. Trans children in the UK experienced a wide range of trans-specific stressors, putting children under chronic strain. Discussion: Schools need to recognize the range of potential stresses experienced by trans pupils in education. Poor mental health in trans children and adolescents is avoidable, and schools have a duty of care to ensure trans pupils are physically and emotionally safe and welcome at school. Preventative early action to reduce GMS is needed to protect trans children, safeguarding the mental health of vulnerable pupils.
Experimental investigation on the flame stabilization modes of liquid kerosene in a cavity-based scramjet combustor

The flame stabilization modes of liquid kerosene is investigated in a model scramjet combustor with flight condition of Ma 6. The effects of equivalence ratio and cavity configuration schemes on the flame stabilization modes are studied. Flame propagations and the evolution of the flow field from the ignition to the establishment of stable flame in the supersonic flow are acquired through high-speed photography and schlieren photography. Only cavity-recirculation-region stabilized combustion can be obtained in the single-cavity scramjet combustor. The intensity of combustion is weak and is termed as local ignition with low combustion efficiency. In the tandem-cavity scramjet combustor, the flame stabilization mode is largely determined by the total equivalence ratio. The flame could spread into the mainstream and even propagate against the supersonic flow as the equivalence ratio increases. The positive feedback mechanism between combustion and precombustion shock train is responsible for the evolutions of the flame stabilization modes, where the interactions between shock waves and turbulent boundary layer play a key role in the flame propagation process. The large-scale eddies in the shear layer of the upstream cavity shed at the cavity aft wall and could enhance the turbulent levels of the incoming flow of the downstream cavity. Consequently, an intense kerosene flame can be ignited in the tandem-cavity combustor. The flame could not spread to the mainstream in the single-cavity combustor due to the lower turbulence level weakening the interaction of combustion products in the recirculation zone with unburned reactants in the supersonic flow.