Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing seasonality through stable isotope and trace element analysis of the Proserpine

13 Fast growing speleothems allow the reconstruction of palaeoclimate down to a seasonal scale. 14 Additionally, annual lamination in some of these speleothems yields highly accurate age models for 15 these palaeoclimate records, making these speleothems valuable archives for terrestrial climate. In 16 this study, an annually laminated stalagmite from the Han-sur-Lesse Cave (Belgium) is used to study 17 the expression of the seasonal cycle in northwestern Europe during the Little Ice Age. More specifically, 18 two historical 12-year-long growth periods (ca. 1593-1605 CE and 1635-1646 CE) and one modern 19 growth period (1960-2010 CE) are analyzed on a sub-annual scale for their stable isotope ratios (δC 20 and δO) and trace element (Mg, Sr, Ba, Zn, Y, Pb, U) content. Seasonal variability in these proxies is 21 confirmed with frequency analysis. Zn, Y and Pb show distinct annual peaks in all three investigated 22 periods related to annual flushing of the soil during winter. A strong seasonal in phase relationship 23 between Mg, Sr and Ba in the modern growth period reflects a substantial influence of enhanced prior 24 calcite precipitation (PCP). In particular, PCP occurs during summers when recharge of the epikarst is 25 low. This is also evidenced by earlier observations of increased δC values during summer. In the 17 26 century intervals, there is a distinct antiphase relationship between Mg, Sr and Ba, suggesting that 27 processes other than PCP, i.e. varying degrees of incongruent dissolution of dolomite, eventually 28 related to changes in soil activity and/or land use change are more dominant. The processes controlling 29 seasonal variations in Mg, Sr and Ba in the speleothem appear to change between the 17 century and 3
SELF-COMPASSION AND SELF-CONTROL AMONGST RECOVERING ADDICTS Belas Kasihan Kendiri dan Kawalan Kendiri dalam Kalanagan Penagih Dadah

This study was aimed to measure Self-compassion and Self-control levels, compare their mean scores based on age, race, marital status, educational level and duration involved in drugs and examine the relationship between Self-compassion and Self-control amongst recovering addicts. This study involved 190 respondents randomly selected from a Cure and Care Rehabilitation Centre (CCRC) located in the state of Johor. Instruments used were the Self-compassion Scale and Self-control Scale. This quantitative design research used questionnaire method to obtain data. The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, t test Analysis and Correlation Statistic Analysis. Results showed an average level of Self-compassion and Selfcontrol amongst recovering addicts. There were no significant differences in recovering addicts’ Self-compassion and Self-control mean score based on age, race, marital status, educational level and duration involved in drugs. Results also showed there was an inverse correlation between Selfcompassion and Self-control (r = 0.48, n = 190 , p < 0.001). The findings from this study provides useful understanding on the level of Selfcompassion and Self-control amongst recovering addicts. Thus, both Selfcompassion and Self-control could be given emphasis for future drug prevention and rehabilitation programs in Malaysia.
MIKEY and SRTP Integration for Multicast Streaming

This paper presents the design and implementation of key management architecture for secure multimedia audio streaming to multicast receivers. It describes the methods and techniques which are used in making a multicast multimedia streaming application (MMKM). It also highlights the security issues involved, implementation of Multimedia Internet Keying (MIKEY), integration with Secure Real time Transport Protocol (SRTP) and then using it for transmitting real time multimedia data in Multicast environments. The main emphasis has been on security rather than on data transmission and compression. In case of multimedia, only audio data is chosen.
Two Signatures of Implicit Intergroup Attitudes: Developmental Invariance and Early Enculturation

Long traditions in the social sciences have emphasized the gradual internalization of intergroup attitudes and the putatively more basic tendency to prefer the groups to which one belongs. In four studies ( N = 883), spanning two cultures and two status groups within one culture, we present new evidence that implicit intergroup attitudes emerge in young children in a form indistinguishable from the adult state. Strikingly, this invariance from childhood to adulthood holds for members of socially dominant majorities, who consistently favor their ingroup, as well as for members of a disadvantaged minority, who, from the early moments of race-based categorization, do not show a preference for their ingroup. Far from requiring a protracted period of internalization, implicit intergroup attitudes are characterized by early enculturation and developmental invariance.
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of bedside teaching (BST) Instrument

Introduction: Bedside teaching plays a crucial role in acquiring essential clinical skills. Therefore, the main aim of this study is assessing the validity and reliability of the Persian version of German bedside teaching (BST) instrument. This instrument was specially developed for evaluation of bedside teaching. Method: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 last year medical students, using convenience sampling. The Persian version of the bedside teaching (BST) was used for data gathering. To calculate the reliability of the questions, Cronbach's alpha was used and to determine the construct validity of the questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis was used. All analyses were performed in LISREL 10 and SPSS 21 software. Results: Cronbach's alpha indicated excellent reliability for each subscale (α =0.77-0.85). All of the value of the questions are more than a significant number of 1.96 and concluded to be significant. There was an acceptable fit between the hypothetical model and the data and all comparative fit indices (CFI, NFI, RFI, IFI) showed good model fitness. BST is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of clinical teaching at bedside. It has 18 items with 5 point Likert scales. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Persian version of the BST questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for the evaluation of teachers and providing feedback in a clinical setting. However, more studies should be conducted in other cities in Iran.
On Setpoint Tracking and Disturbance Rejection of Event-triggered PI Control

Abstract: This paper studies sampled-data implementation of event-triggered PI control for continuous-time linear systems. We propose an event-triggered PI controller, in which the controller transmits its signal to the actuator when its relative value goes beyond a threshold. An exponential stability condition is derived in the form of LMIs using a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. It is shown that our proposed controller has the capability to track a desired constant setpoint. Furthermore, the controller can reject an uncertain disturbance by introducing an observer. A numerical example illustrates that our proposed controller reduces the communication load without performance degradation.
Organoindate room temperature ionic liquid: Synthesis, physicochemical properties and application

The combination of equimolar amounts of solid 1-n-bu- tyl-3-methylimidazolum chloride (BMI·Cl) with solid indium trichloride affords the new room temperature and air stable ionic liquid BMI·InCl4 (mp -6 °C). The major physicochemical proper- ties (density, viscosity, electrical conductivity and electrochemical window) of BMI·InCl4 are complementary to those of classical tet- rafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate analogues. However, this liquid possesses similar Lewis acidity properties to those of orga- noaluminate melts and can be used as recyclable media, as demon- strated here for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols.
Invisible Dynamic Mechanic Adjustment in Virtual Reality Games

A key part of managing a player’s virtual reality experience is ensuring that the environment behaves consistently to the player’s interaction. In some instances, however, it is important to change how the world behaves–i.e. the world’s simulation rules or mechanics–because doing so preserves the virtual environment’s intended quality. Mechanics changes must be done carefully; if too overt, they may be perceivable and potentially thwart a player’s sense of presence or agency.This paper reports the result of a study, which demonstrates the widely-held but heretofore-untested belief that changing an environment’s mechanics without considering what the player knows is visible to the player. The study’s findings motivate the paper’s second contribution: an automated method to perform invisible dynamic mechanics adjustment, which affords shifting a game’s previously-established mechanics in a manner that is not perceivably inconsistent to players. This method depends on a knowledge-tracking strategy and two such strategies are presented: (1) a conservative one, relevant to a wide variety of virtual environments, and (2) a more nuanced one, relevant to environments that will be experienced via head-mounted virtual reality displays. The paper concludes with a variety of design-centered considerations for the use of this artificial intelligence system within virtual reality.
Genetic diversity of 40 genotypes of golden berry Physalis peruviana L. using microsatellite markers

Physalis peruviana L. , also called golden berry, is widely known for its nutraceutical and economic importance. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of this species at the molecular level, mainly due to its status as an orphan species. Therefore, knowledge of the genetic diversity of germplasm collections of P. peruviana will allow determining the level of genetic variability that is available to breeders for selection processes. This study assessed the genetic variation present in 40 golden berry, genotypes using six SRR (simple sequence repeats) molecular markers selected based on their high polymorphism in P. peruviana L. The collection was divided into three populations: DH (double haploid lines), FT ( Fusarium oxysporum tolerant genotype), and UDENAR (Universidad de Nariño). It was detected 7.33 alleles using GenAlex v. 6.5 and Arlequin 3.5. 2 software. Among the six markers used, SSR15 and SSR138 were the most informative. Together, these markers indicated that 22.2% of loci were polymorphic with an average expected heterozygosity of 0.09, which is considered low. The AMOVA showed that the variance within genotypes contributes to 100% of the total variance, indicating the absence of population structure. Overall, we conclude that the level of variability among genotypes is low. heterocigosidad, molecular, variabilidad,
Does Risk Aversion Change Over Time?

Time-varying risk aversion is the economic mechanism underlying several recent theoretical models that appear to match important features of equity return data at the market level. In this paper, we estimate a time-varying risk-return relation that allows for feedback from both news about volatility and news about risk-aversion. Allowing for feedback effects dramatically improves our ability to explain variation in returns, and the estimated model exhibits statistically and economically significant variation in the price of risk. Consistent with theoretical intuition, the price of risk varies counter-cyclically, with risk aversion increasing substantially over the course of economic contractions. Interestingly, it is variation in the price of risk, not in the quantity of risk, that is the dominant component of the equity risk premium. This phenomenon may partially account for the puzzling results that often arise in estimating models with an assumed constant price of risk. ∗aFaculty of Business Administration, Simon Fraser University (8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A 1S6, Email: drsmith@sfu.ca, http://www.sfu.ca/ ̃drsmith), Stern School of Business, New York University and NBER (44 W. 4th St., Suite 9-190, New York, NY 10012, Email: rwhitela@stern.nyu.edu).
#Populism on Twitter : statistical analysis of the correlation between tweet popularity and "populist" discursive features

Recent political events, such as the Brexit or Donald Trump’s electoral success, have led to a proliferation of studies focusing on populism nature (Müller 2017; Mudde and Kaltwasser 2017). Part of the literature has also investigated communicative aspects of populism, highlighting how populists are benefitting from the use of social media (Bartlett 2014; Gerbaudo 2018). This research offers further insights on the subject by analyzing populist discourse on Twitter and exploring the correlation between the presence of linguistic features linked to populism, such as emotionalization, simplified rhetoric and intensified claims (Canovan 1999; Heinisch 2008), and tweet popularity. The use of linear mixed effects models revealed a positive correlation between the linguistic elements of interest and tweet popularity, not only in the populist sample, but also in the control group composed by establishment politicians. Surprisingly, reference tweets received more popularity than populist messages when the discursive features analyzed were present.
The reality of cross-disciplinary energy research in the United Kingdom: A social science perspective

Cross-disciplinary research is essential in understanding and reducing energy usage, however the reality of this collaboration comes with many challenges. This paper provides an insight into the integration of social science in energy research, drawing on the expertise and first hand experiences of a range of social science researchers (predominantly Early Career Researchers (ECRs)) working on UK cross-disciplinary projects in energy demand. These researchers, participants in a workshop dedicated to understanding the integration of social science in energy research, identified four groups of challenges to successful integration: Differing expectations of the role of social scientists; Working within academia; Feeling like a valued member of the team; and Communicating and comprehension between disciplines. Suggestions of how to negotiate those challenges included: Management and planning; Increasing contact; Sharing experience; and Understanding team roles. The paper offers a definition of ‘success’ in cross-disciplinary energy research from the perspective of social science ECRs, comprising external, internal and personal components. Using the logics of interdisciplinarity, this paper suggests that integration of the social sciences in the projects discussed may be partial at best and highlights a need to recognise the challenges ECRs face, in order to achieve full integration and equality of disciplines. ublis © 2016 The Authors. P
Temporal variability of soil water content under different surface conditions in the semiarid region of the Pernambuco state

As chuvas na regiao semiarida de Pernambuco caracterizam-se pela irregularidade na distribuicao no tempo e no espaco, dificultando expressivamente a agricultura de sequeiro na regiao. Com base nessa consideracao, este trabalho objetivou avaliar temporalmente o perfil do conteudo de agua no solo do semiarido de Pernambuco, de modo a investigar o efeito de diferentes condicoes de superficie na variacao do conteudo de agua volumetrico do solo, bem como na produtividade do feijoeiro em regime de sequeiro. Para monitoramento do conteudo de agua no solo foram implantadas cinco parcelas experimentais, com 4,5 m de largura por 11 m de comprimento, em um Argissolo Amarelo. Foram adotados os seguintes tratamentos nas parcelas experimentais: vegetacao natural; feijoeiro consorciado com palma forrageira; feijoeiro cultivado morro abaixo; feijoeiro cultivado em nivel, com cobertura morta e barramentos em pedras; e solo descoberto. Em cada parcela foram instalados oito tubos de acesso de PVC para determinacao do perfil do conteudo de agua no solo, nas profundidades de 0,20 e 0,40 m, utilizando sonda de neutrons. A condicao de superficie influenciou expressivamente a variacao do conteudo de agua no solo tanto no periodo seco como no chuvoso. Verificou-se, tambem, que a utilizacao de cobertura morta, associada ao emprego de barramentos em pedra, proporcionou valores mais elevados de conteudo de agua no solo e incrementou a produtividade do feijoeiro de sequeiro.
A wasted hand Case with uncommon neurological and radiological features caused by a cervical band

A 20 year old man had noticed progressive weakness of the left hand since the age of 18 years. He had also noticed wasting of the small muscles of the same hand. He had had no numbness or paraesthesias in the hand, but he reported that he regularly felt numbness along the ulnar border of the left arm when lying on his back. HIe had been operated upon twice-once for supposed compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, once for supposed compression of the ulnar nerve at the wrist. Neither operation had had any effect whatsoever on his symptoms. On examination the left hand was found to be slightly but definitely smaller than the right hand. There was gross wasting of the thenar muscles and of the interossei and slight wasting of the hypothenar muscles and the ulnar flexors in the forearm, with corresponding weakness. There was pronounced sensory loss around the ulnar epicondyle and along the inside of the upper arm. The tendon reflexes were normal. On palpation of both radial arteries at the wrist,
Large Infrared and Optical Color Gradients in the Cartwheel Ring Galaxy: Evidence for the First Epoch of Star Formation in the Wake of an Expanding Ring

Substantial near-infrared and optical color gradients have been observed within the disk of the classical ring galaxy A0035-324 (the 'Cartwheel'). The slope of the radial B-V, V-K color gradient coincides with starburst color evolution predictions, indicating that the age of the disk population is a function of radius. Observations indicate that the youngest stars are on the leading edge of the outer ring, and the stellar population grows increasingly older toward the nucleus. The radial color gradient, taken together with other evidence, strongly support the collisional picture for the formation of ring galaxies. Strong IR emission observed in the outer ring appears to be directly associated with the young star-forming regions rather than an evolved stellar population. We conclude that star formation is occurring in a mainly gaseous expanding density wave and that the Cartwheel is undergoing its first epoch of star formation since its formation.
Immigrant Birth-country Networks and Unemployment Duration around the Great Recession: a Repeated Cross-Sectional Analysis

This paper examines the role of birth-country networks on immigrants' unemployment duration around the Great Recession using monthly Current Population Survey data from 2001 – 2013. and finds that immigrant birth-country networks have an important role in lowering unemployment duration, particularly during the economic crisis. We use Guell-Hu (2006) model for repeated cross-sectional data with uncompleted unemployment spells and analyze unemployment duration at an individual level. In the absence of panel data analyzing unemployment using repeated cross sectional methods is very crucial. We find that birth-country networks measured at the state level significantly lower unemployment duration for all immigrants, particularly during the economic crisis and longer the immigrant is unemployed, less effective are her social networks in job search. Varying the effect of networks over duration categories the authors show that networks are more effective in lowering duration for immigrants unemployed for 1-2 months than for immigrants who are unemployed for longer periods and this effect is stronger during the post-recession period than the pre-recession period. The findings are robust to different specifications and measures of networks including those measured at the local MSA level. JEL classification: J61, J64, C 5, D10
Non-crossing quantile regression for deep reinforcement learning

Distributional reinforcement learning (DRL) estimates the distribution over future returns instead of the mean to more efﬁciently capture the intrinsic uncertainty of MDPs. However, batch-based DRL algorithms cannot guarantee the non-decreasing property of learned quantile curves especially at the early training stage, leading to abnormal distribution estimates and reduced model interpretability. To address these issues, we introduce a general DRL framework by using non-crossing quantile regression to ensure the monotonicity constraint within each sampled batch, which can be incorporated with some well-known DRL algorithm. We demonstrate the validity of our method from both the theory and model implementation perspectives. Experiments on Atari 2600 Games show that some state-of-art DRL algorithms with the non-crossing modiﬁcation can signiﬁcantly outperform their baselines in terms of faster convergence speeds and better testing performance. In particular, our method can effectively recover the distribution information and thus dramatically increase the exploration efﬁciency when the reward space is extremely sparse.
Vibrational spectroscopy of interfaces by infrared-visible sum frequency generation

During the past decade vibrational sum frequency generation as a method to study interfaces has matured and can now be applied more routinely to systems of increasing complexity. The article provides a brief overview of technical aspects of infrared–visible sum frequency generation, compares this nonlinear technique with its linear analogs, and highlights the latest applications.
Faser-Matrix-Haftung in Kunststoffverbunden aus thermoplastischer Matrix und Flachs, 2. Die anwendung von funktionalisiertem polypropylen†

Die Haftung von Flachsfasern in einer Polypropylenmatrix in Flachs/PP-Verbunden konnte durch Anwendung von mit Maleinsaureanhydrid (MAH) gepfropften Polypropylenen als Haftvermittler verbessert werden. Dabei wurde der Haftvermittler zunachst vor der Verbundherstellung auf die Flachsfasern aufgebracht. Die damit erreichbaren Steigerungen der Scher- und Zugfestigkeit der Verbunde um ca. 100% bzw. ca. 25% hangen von der Pfropfrate und der mittleren Molmasse der Pfropfcopolymeren ab. Ahnliche Ergebnisse lassen sich erzielen, wenn mit MAH modifiziertes PP als Matrixmaterial ohne Vorbehandlung der Flachsfasern verwendet wird. Adhesion of flax fibres to a polypropylene matrix in flax/PP composites was improved by pretreating the fibres with polypropylenes grafted with maleic anhydride (MAH). Prior to composite preparation, the flax fibres were loaded with the coupling agent. Shear strength and tear strength were improved by 100% and 25%, respectively. They depend on grafting degree and average molar mass of the PP-MAH graft copolymers. Comparable results were achieved by embedding untreated flax fibres in a PP matrix modified with MAH.
Vibrational Energy Exchange between N2 and CO. The Vibrational Relaxation of Nitrogen

The vibrational energy exchange N2(v=1)+CO(v=0)=N2(v=0)+CO(v=1) should be fast, due to near resonance of the energy levels. We have studied the rate of this exchange relative to the rate of energy transfer from translational to vibrational degrees of freedom in a shock‐heated mixture of 1% CO—99% N2. Vibrational relaxation of the CO is observed by its infrared emission near 2000 cm—1. The density change behind the incident shock is simultaneously observed with an interferometer and gives a measurement of the N2 relaxation time. In the 3200°—4200°K range both methods are applicable; they yield identical relaxation times within the data scatter of ±20%. In contrast, at 3600°K, the vibrational relaxation time of pure N2 is four times that of pure CO. The exchange reaction thus appears fast enough to make the vibrational temperatures of the N2 and CO equal during the vibrational relaxation of the mixture. In the 1900° to 5400°K range, our study gives vibrational relaxation times in seconds for pure N2 (p=1 at.