Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study of biochemical polymorphism in carp (Cyprinus carpio): detect new alleles in transferrin.

This study was carried out at the college of agriculture and marine science centre, Basrah university. The present study was conducted to investigate the existence of polymorphism at transferrin (Tf) locus in the Carp (Cyprinus carpio). A polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) under alkaline condition method was used to distinguish Carp Tf alleles. Use the gel documentation program in this study. Analysis of 116 animals revealed that all animals were polymorphic, showing many genotypes. There was very clear biodiversity in the Tf gene. Seven Tf genotypes consisting of 4 homozygote types (CC, DD, FF and GG) and two heterozygote types (CD, DG and FG) were detected. These fractions are controlled by co-dominant autosomal genes according to the Mendelian laws of inheritance. The highest gene frequencies were calculated 0.50 for Tf D, 0.26 for Tf F and 0.12 for C and G. thus, carp (Cyprinus carpio) assemblages consistently tended to be more predominant to D allele. Differences between expected number and observed number for transferrin genotypes were no significant. This is useful in genetic improvement process through the selection. As far as we know, this is the first large-scale analysis on the genetic polymorphism in carp (Cyprinus carpio). Polyacrylamide electrophoresis, the technique employed in this study, allows rapid and efficient screening for the presence of polymorphism in Tf.
An exploration of the methods to determine the protein‐specific synthesis and breakdown rates in vivo in humans

The present study explores the methods to determine human in vivo protein‐specific myofibrillar and collagenous connective tissue protein fractional synthesis and breakdown rates. We found that in human myofibrillar proteins, the protein‐bound tracer disappearance method to determine the protein fractional breakdown rate (FBR) (via 2H2O ingestion, endogenous labeling of 2H‐alanine that is incorporated into proteins, and FBR quantified by its disappearance from these proteins) has a comparable intrasubject reproducibility (range: 0.09–53.5%) as the established direct‐essential amino acid, here L‐ring‐13C6‐phenylalanine, incorporation method to determine the muscle protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) (range: 2.8–56.2%). Further, the determination of the protein breakdown in a protein structure with complex post‐translational processing and maturation, exemplified by human tendon tissue, was not achieved in this experimentation, but more investigation is encouraged to reveal the possibility. Finally, we found that muscle protein FBR measured with an essential amino acid tracer prelabeling is inappropriate presumably because of significant and prolonged intracellular recycling, which also may become a significant limitation for determination of the myofibrillar FSR when repeated infusion trials are completed in the same participants.
Research on Tendency and Behavior of the New Generation Employees Turnover

In recent years, a large number of new generation employees entered the enterprise and gradually became the mainstay of enterprises, but the turnover rate is high and it brought heavy pressure and burdens to employers. Therefore, considerable importance has been attached to the research on the behavior of the new generation employees by the academic researchers and business managers. Unfortunately, so far, there is little theoretical research on the behavior of the new generation employees from the perspective of talent environment. This paper makes a theoretical review of the environmental factors that affect the turnover behavior of new generation employees and then designs an effective intervention mechanism to reduce the turnover rate of new generation employees and provides the reference for the enterprise managers to make policies of keeping employees.
Skin effect in steel sheets under rotating induction

By means of a newly developed broadband measuring setup we have overcome the usual upper limit for the test frequency, around a few hundred Hz, which is encountered in the two-dimensional characterization of magnetic steel sheets at technical inductions and we have measured the rotational losses in low-carbon steels up to 1 kHz and peak induction 1.7 T. An important piece of information is thus retrieved upon a frequency range useful to predict the performance of high-speed electrical machines. Our experiments, performed on thick (0.640 mm) laminations, have brought to light the emergence of the skin effect under rotational fields. This is revealed by an abrupt deviation of the excess loss component, calculated under the conventional loss separation procedure, from its well-known linear dependence on the square root of the frequency. A simple magnetic constitutive law under rotating induction is proposed and introduced into the electromagnetic diffusion equation, which is solved by finite elements coupled to a non-linear algorithm. The classical rotational eddy current loss, largely prevalent with respect to the hysteresis and excess loss components on approaching the kHz frequencies in low-carbon steels, is then calculated in the presence of skin effect, permitting one to achieve full analysis of the rotational losses and good predicting capability upon a broad range of frequencies and peak inductions.
Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of a Salt Tolerant ?-Amylase Producing Isolate NH-25

Halophiles are considered as important sources of extremozymes that are not only salt tolerant but can catalyze reactions efficiently under harsh conditions of various industrial processes. Among industrially important enzymes alpha amylase is used in many industries such as starch, pharmaceutical, detergent, paper, food, and textile. Due to wide applications there is a continuous need for novel sources of the enzyme to be discovered. One of the new variant from various amylase producing isolates of marine samples of Arabian Sea, an industrial dumping site and a rich natural source, particularly for microbes, a salt tolerant ? -amylase producer was studied. This isolate based on cultural characteristics, biochemical tests and molecular characterization inferred from 16s rDNA sequencing identified as Bacillus subtilis NH-25.
Satellite-based energy balance model to estimate seasonal evapotranspiration for irrigated sorghum: a case study from the Gezira scheme, Sudan

Abstract. The availability of the actual water use from agricultural crops is considered as the key factor for irrigation water management, water resources planning, and water allocation. Traditionally, evapotranspiration (ET) has been calculated in the Gezira scheme as the point of reference with evapotranspiration (ETo) and crop coefficients (kc) being derived from actual measurements of soil-water balance. Recently developed, advanced energy balance models assisted in estimating the ET through the remotely sensed data. In this study Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images were used to estimate the spatial distribution of the daily, monthly and seasonal ET for irrigated sorghum in the Gezira scheme, Sudan. The daily ET maps were also used to estimate kc over time and space. Results of the energy balance, based on being remotely sensed, were compared to actual measurements conducted during 2004/05 season. The seasonal actual ET values, obtained from the seven MODIS images for irrigated sorghum, were estimated at 579 mm. The values for remotely sensed kc, derived during the initial mid-season and late-season crop development stages, were 0.62, 0.85, 1.15, and 0.48, respectively. On the other hand, the values for the experimental kc during the pervious mention stages were 0.55, 0.94, 1.21 and 0.65, respectively. The estimated seasonal ET of the sorghum, derived by remotely sensed kc, was 674 mm. The Landsat data and the Free MODIS provided reliable, exhaustive, and consistent information on the water use, relevant for decision support in the Gezira scheme.
Mechanical and Durability Evaluation of Concrete with Sulfate Solution Corrosion

Concrete material has been a choice for the construction structures, even in the cold regions and saline zone. However, these environmental factors have critical damaging effect on the concrete characters. Consequently, this damage will decrease the servicing time of the concrete construction within this environment. In order to evaluate the durability of concrete, the behavior of concrete specimens under the sulfate solution corrosion attacks was studied in this presented work. Two groups of the specimens were immersed into the sulfate solutions with a concentration of 10% and 20%, respectively. The strength development of the specimens under different immersing time was studied. Based on Fick’s law, a steady diffusion equation for sulfate ions in concrete was presented, and the depth of penetration of the attacking sulfate ions was also determined. Based on the depth of penetration and the definition of damage, a damage model for concrete material is developed and a new equation (strength-time) describing the chemical corrosion concrete material is proposed. Results show that the suggested analytical methods can quantify the damage process of concrete under sulfate attack, and the power laws damage developing formula can be used to describe the damage development of the concrete construction subjected to chemical corrosion.
Developing an Attitude Scale toward Seeking Psychological Help for Secondary Students

Problem Statement: Adolescence is a period during which emotional and behavioral problems are increased. Adolescents seek answers for the period in which one undergoes and must adapt to physical changes. Some adolescents are not able to find their way during this difficult period, and parents are often not a large source of assistance. Seeking help, adolescents are likely to approach friends to overcome their problems. However, even if the adolescent asks for help from family and friends, this does not substitute for professional psychological help. For this reason, psychological counselors at schools are important sources for professional psychological help. Research indicates that scales that identify attitudes toward professional psychological help have been developed. However, these scales, unique to Turkish culture, are for university students, not for secondary school students who are in the mid-adolescence period. Purpose of Study: Seeking psychological help from a professional varies depending upon both age and culture. The aim of this study is to develop a scale, the Attitudes toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help, for Turkish secondary school students (ASPH-S). Methods: In this study, which was based on a general survey, three different groups were used. The first study group was used for testing the structure determined by explanatory factor analysis (EFA). The first group consisted of 142 female students (42.2%), and 194 male students (57.7%). In this group, the ages ranged from 15 to 18 and the mean age was 16. The second study group was used for testing the structure determined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). This group consisted of 350 students (200 females (57%) and 150 males (42.9%)). The mean age was 16 (Range = 14-18). The third study group was used for retesting the reliability level of the scale. This group consisted of 150 students (83 females (55.3%) 67
Study on Aerosol Properties Based on CALIPSO in Representative Regions over China

To assess the aerosol direct and indirect radiative forcing, this paper analyzed the seasonal aerosol optical properties and vertical distribution characteristics in eight representative regions over China by using CALIPSO Level 2 products. The seasonal aerosol optical properties were validated by the AERONET data. The results show that the Taklamakan Desert (TD) and Tibet Plateau (TP) have the greatest depolarization and color ratios (PDR and CR) while the Northeast Plain (NP), Sichuan Basin (SB), North China Plain (NCP) and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) have the smallest PDR and CR, the Loess Plateau (LP) has intermediate PDR and CR, and that the Pearl River Delta (PRD) has the same PDR and greater CR compared with the polluted regions. The dust is transported to the middle and upper troposphere in spring, the strong vertical convection activities in summer transport massive aerosols from the atmospheric boundary layer to the free troposphere, and the stable meteorological conditions in autumn and winter trap massive aerosols within the boundary layer. The ratio of the AOD within 1.5 km above the ground to the total AOD and the extinction lapse rate in winter are greater than those in other seasons and 48.25% and 0.13km-2, respectively. The extinction lapse rates in the planetary boundary layer for the heavier polluted regions are greater than those in the polluted regions.
Assessment of Turnaround Strategy on Organizational Performance: A Case of Kenya Industrial Estates, Kenya

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of turnaround strategy on organization performance in Kenya Industrial Estates. The aims of the study were to determine the influence of streamlining and to examine the level of adoption of modern ICT systems and its impact on organizational performance of KIE. Descriptive research design was adapted to the study. The target population was 207 out of which a sample size of 115 employees was selected from KIE; 85 small and medium enterprises supported by KIE and 7 stakeholders comprising of ICDC, KAM, KEBs, IPC, IDB, KIRDI and Ministry of Industrialization, Cooperatives and Enterprise Development. Primary and secondary data will be applied to collection data, questionnaires will be used to collect primary data. The questionnaires were pre-tested on a pilot basis with a sample of 10 respondents and both research supervisors to discuss and ascertain the validity of the questionnaire. Data was then coded and entered into SPSS (V. 23) creating a data sheet for analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to analyse data. Characteristics of collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics; Pearson’s correlation. The hypothesis in the study was tested at 95% confidence level. The study established that organizational streamlining (B=0.100; p <0.05), restructuring (B=0.374; p <0.05) and adoption of modern ICT systems at KIE (B=0.553; p <0.05) had enabled the organization to improve on its performance at 5% level of significance. However, downsizing that had been carried out at KIE had no significant effect (B=0.001; p > 0.05) on performance of KIE. The study makes the following recommendations. First, as time passes, KIE may find that further organization structures need to be streamlined. Change is an evolving process. KIE must continually examine and revise its business processes and operations. Secondly, MSMEs play a vital role in Kenya’s economy and are an integral component of the country’s growth strategy. KIE should also encourage MSMEs to adopt technology to reap its benefits. This will also increase integration, coordination and communication between KIE and these MSMES. Thirdly, restructuring is an important strategy in any turnaround. KIE needs to ensure that this is not an event but a process. In future more restructuring may be required since the business environment is dynamic and is in a state of continuous change
Prime and maximal ideals of partially ordered sets

We exhibit a broad spec trum of classes of ordered sets wi th the property that in Z F set theory the Ultrafilter Principle ( U P ) is equivalent to the validity of a Prime Ideal Theorem ( P I T ) or of a Maximal Ideal Theorem ( M I T ) , respectively, in the specified class. Weak forms of (semi-)distributivity together with U P yield the desired Prime Ideal Theorems, while weak forms of complementa t ion are responsible for the corresponding Maximal Ideal Theorems. We also study stronger versions, like the extension or separa t ion by prime and maximal ideals, or mee t representations by such ideals. Moreover, we investigate slight variations in the definition of prime ideals, which coincide in the case of lattices, but lead to quite different results in the case of posets. Also, ra ther small changes of the class of posets under consideration may tu rn a P I T or M I T tha t was equivalent to U P in one class into a s tatement equivalent to the full Axiom of Choice (AC) in another class. For example, in the class of arbi trary lower pseudocomplemented posets, P I T is false, while M I T is equivalent to U P , and M I T for upper pseudocomplemen ted posets is equivalent to A C Our results extend many known algebraic, lattice-theoretical or topological facts concerning prime and maximal ideals to the se t t ing of par t ially ordered sets.
Sexual selection and the function of a melanin-based plumage ornament in polygamous penduline tits

Melanin-based ornaments are often involved in signaling aggression and dominance, and their role in sexual selection is increasingly recognized. We investigated the functions of a melanin-based plumage ornament (facial 'mask') in male Eurasian penduline tits Remiz pendulinus in the contexts of male-male aggression, mating success, and parental care. The penduline tit is a passerine bird with a unique mating system in which both sexes may mate with several mates in a breeding season, and one (or both) parent deserts the clutch. Our study revealed that mask size of males is more likely an honest signal used by females in their mate choice decisions than a trait involved in male- male competition. First, mask size increased with both age and body condition, indicating that the mask may signal male quality. Second, males with larger masks paired more quickly and had more mates over the breeding season than males with smaller masks. Third, we found no evidence that male mask size signals male-male aggression or dominance during competitive encounters. The increased mating success of large-masked males, however, did not translate into higher reproductive success, as nestling survival decreased with mask size. Therefore, we conclude that there is either no directional selection on male mask size or males with larger masks receive indirect, long-term benefits.
Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Climate Information Services: Evidence from Cowpea and Sesame Producers in Northern Burkina Faso

Climate information is recognized as a powerful tool to reduce the effect of climate risk and uncertainty on crop production and increase the resilience and the adaptive capacity of farmers in semi-arid zones. This paper estimates farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for climate information within cowpea and sesame value chains in Northern Burkina Faso. The study used the contingent valuation method for a monetary valuation of farmers’ preferences for climate information. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 170 farmers. The study found that 63% of respondents were willing to pay for climate information services (CIS) such as seasonal climate forecast (SCF), decadal climate information (10-DCI), daily climate information (1-DCI) and agro-advisories. The predicted value for the WTP was XOF 3496 for SCF, XOF 1066 for 10-DCI, XOF 1985 for 1-DCI and XOF 1628 for agro-advisories. The study also showed that several socioeconomic and motivation factors have greater influence on farmers’ WTP for CIS. These included the gender, age, education of the farm head and the awareness of farm head to climate information. The outcomes of this paper should support policy makers to better design an efficient mechanism for the dissemination of climate information to improve the adaptive capacity of farmers to climate risks in Burkina Faso.
Corruption, Governance and Economic Development

Corruption and governance have come to the fore in contemporary discussions of reform in developing countries. Many of the problems to which corruption and governance refer are significant and longstanding. Yet, the way in which mainstream economics has analysed them simply provides support for a programme of marketenhancing reforms. These seek to reduce the role of the state to the delivery of a small range of core services that cannot be delivered by the private sector. The mainstream analysis is not only misleading in failing to identify many of the most important determinants of corruption and of apparent governance failures in developing countries. By offering wrong diagnoses and solutions, these mainstream approaches waste time and resources in programmes that are unlikely to provide reductions in corruption and improvements in governance. Even worse, by promoting reforms that lessen the ability of the state to accelerate development, they may paradoxically reduce the prospects of substantial and lasting improvements in corruption and other desirable features of “good governance” such as democracy.
Longitudinal development of the gut microbiota in healthy and diarrheic piglets induced by age‐related dietary changes

Diarrhea is one of the most common enteric diseases in young piglets. Diverse factors such as an unstable gut microenvironment, immature intestinal immune system, early supplementary feeding, and weaning often induce dysfunction of gut microbiota, thus leading to a continuing high incidence of diarrhea in piglets. However, few studies have characterized the gut microbiota of diarrheic piglets following changes in diet and during the development of intestinal physiology. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the dynamic establishment of fecal microbiota in six healthy piglets in response to age‐related changes in the diet: sow‐reared, early supplementary creep‐feeding (sow‐reared + starter diet), and weaning (solid nursery diet). We compared the gut microbiota of these six healthy piglets with those of diarrheic piglets during each of the three dietary stages (n = 10 sow‐reared, n = 10 early supplementary creep‐feeding, and n = 5 weaning). We found that weaning (solid nursery feeding) was the primary factor leading to dynamic colonization by microbiota in healthy piglets, and diarrhea primarily affected the microbial communities of piglets before weaning. Healthy piglets showed a continuous decrease in Lactobacillus and Escherichia, as well as a gradual increase in Prevotella with the transition to solid food. An altered relationship between Prevotella and Escherichia may be the main cause of diarrhea in preweaned piglets, whereas reduced numbers of Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Bulleidia, and Treponema that are responsible for the digestion and utilization of solid feeds may be related to the onset of postweaning piglet diarrhea. The Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) functional analysis indicated that a reduction in genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism induced by intestinal dysbacteriosis in diarrheic piglets was one of the major causes of diarrhea at the three dietary stages. These findings provide insights into developing an intervention strategy for better management of diarrhea in piglets.
Lehmann-Symanzik-Zimmermann S -matrix elements on the Moyal plane

Field theories on the Groenewold-Moyal plane are studied using the Lehmann-Symanzik-Zimmermann formalism. The example of real scalar fields is treated in detail. The $S$-matrix elements in this nonperturbative approach are shown to be equal to the interaction representation $S$-matrix elements. This is a new nontrivial result: in both cases, the $S$-operator is independent of the noncommutative deformation parameter ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\nu}}$ and the change in scattering amplitudes due to noncommutativity is just a time delay. This result is verified in two different ways. But the off-shell Green's functions do depend on ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\nu}}$. In the course of this analysis, unitarity of the nonperturbative $S$-matrix is proved as well.