Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transactional Leadership in Military Operations 1 Transactional Leadership for Safe Operations in Military Special Forces: A Structural Equation Model

Introduction: Despite safety performance constitutes an integral factor which assures the safety in operations of military Special Forces, hardly any literature has investigated its role in parachute divisions. Method: The current study analyses how transactional leadership affects safety performance in a sample of 161 parachutists of the Hellenic Armed Forces. A structural equation modelling revealed that transactional leadership has a significant positive effect on paratroopers’ safety performance by means of safety climate. Conclusions: The practical applications, as well as the theoretical implications of these evidences for safety research, are outlined. Impact on military field: A transactional leadership style improves parachutists’ safety performance, particularly safety participation behaviours in standardized environments.
1 INTERNATIONALISATION ACTIVITIES AND PERFORMANCE OF VIETNAMESE SMES

Small and medium enterprises accounts for a majority of Vietnamese enterprises. They have made significant contributions to the economy of Vietnam by creating employment, income and economic growth. Increasingly, they also participate in internationalisation activities as Vietnam is furthering its integration to the global economy. This paper focuses on the impact of internationalisation activities and the performance of Vietnamese manufacturing SMEs. Specifically, it examines the impact of exporting, subcontracting and cooperation with a foreign partner on the technical efficiency of SMEs in the manufacturing sector and its subsectors from three surveys of domestic private SMEs in 2002, 2005 and 2007. Using a stochastic frontier production function model and a technical inefficiency effects model the paper found that there are limited benefits of these activities on the technical efficiency performance of manufacturing SMEs across different sub-sectors. Thus, the paper suggests SMEs to upgrade their technology and skills of their employees to become competitive and benefit from these internationalisation activities. In addition, it emphasises the need for the government to focus on encouraging SMEs in sub-sectors which are competitive in the international markets to pursue these activities and provide quality information to help domestic SMEs to identify the right partners from overseas.
The Relationship of Creativity and Technopreneurship Intention

Creativity is the act of coming up with an idea. In order to contribute to economic growth, entrepreneurs are currently adapting creativity in their business operations. Creativity is increasingly critical to business success in order to achieve the competitive edge in the aggressive business world. Thus, realizing the importance of this criterion, this study seeks to find out level of creativity of science and technology (S&T) cluster students' of University Technology Mara (UiTM) and how does it affect them in terms of technopreneurship intention. The outcome of this study will illustrate whether S&T cluster students of UiTM have the creativity level in becoming the future technopreneurs and their ability to survive by adapting creativity and innovation at their workplace. It is found that creativity does impact one's entrepreneurial intention and should be considered as part of the overall analysis in identifying one's entrepreneurial competencies.
Routing quantum information in spin chains

Two different models are presented that allow for efficiently performing routing of a quantum state. Both cases involve an $XX$ spin chain working as a data bus and additional spins that play the role of sender and receivers, one of which is selected to be the target of the quantum state transmission protocol via a coherent quantum coupling mechanism making use of local and/or global magnetic fields. Quantum routing is achieved in the first of the models considered by weakly coupling the sender and the receiver to the data bus. On the other hand, in the second model, local magnetic fields acting on additional spins located between the sender and receiver and the data bus allow us to perform high-fidelity routing.
Evaluating the Potential for Hot Mix Asphalt Rutting Performance Using Laboratory and Digital Imaging Technique

The objective of this study is to evaluate the non-structural rutting resistance of six typical Superpave™ mixes used in Ontario for surface course using conventional and advanced methods. Hamburg Wheel Rut Tester (HWRT), Dynamic modulus test, and Digital Imaging Processing (DIP) technique were used in the evaluation. These mixes include two Superpave SP12.5 and four SP12.5 FC2 mixes. Six Superpave Performance Grading (PG) binders and three traffic levels were used in the design of these mixes. The effect of aggregate type and binder type in improving the rutting resistance was investigated. Manual method was used to quantify the shear upheave for all mixes. The common devices in measuring Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) rutting ignore the effect of shear flow and only measure the effect of densification which might affect the ranking of mixes according to rutting susceptibility. DIP was used for further analysis of aggregate effect on HMA rutting resistance. This included estimating aggregate contacts, segregation and orientation of two dimensional cross section images after loading. This method provides internal structural analysis of HMA in order to understand the failure mechanism in rutting and its relationship with each individual component characteristics. Dynamic modulus test was also conducted to investigate the correlation between the HMA stiffness and rutting. It was found that Dynamic modulus |E*| is very effective for evaluating the resistance of HMA mixtures against rutting due to the strong correlation. The results of this study also showed that DIP provides an indication of HMA rutting potential. Aggregate contacts showed a good correlation with mixture rutting resistance measured manually and by using HWRT. Overall, imaging analysis would assist in the design of long lasting pavement.
Klein bottles in genus two 3-manifolds

For a closed 3-manifold M, it is very interesting to study the relation between a Heegaard surface of M and an embedded surface in M. For this purpose W. Haken has shown in [2] that if a closed 3-manifold M is not irreducible, then there is an essential 2-sphere in M which intersects a fixed Heegaard surface of M in a single circle, and W. Jaco has given in [4] an alternative proof of it. M. Ochiai has shown in [8] that if a closed 3-manifold M contains a 2-sided projective plane, then there is a 2-sided projective plane in M which intersects a fixed Heegaard surface of M in a single circle, and moreover he has shown in [9] that if a closed 3-manifold M with a Heegaard splitting of genus two contains a 2-sided projective plane, then M is homeomorphic to PχS. Succesively T. Kobayashi has shown in [5] that if a closed 3-manifold M with a Heegaard splitting of genus two contains a 2-sided non-separating incompressible torus, then there is a 2-sided non-separating incompressible torus in M which intersects a fixed Heegaard surface in a single circle. In this paper we will show a similar result for a Klein bottle.
The relationship between stock returns and the foreign exchange rate: the ARDL approach

This study employs the ARDL cointegration approach in order to examine the impact of financial liberalization on the relationships between the exchange rate and share market performance in China. We discovered that cointegration has existed between the Shanghai A Share Index and the exchange rate of the renminbi against the US dollar and Hong Kong dollar since 2005, when the Chinese exchange rate regime became a flexible, managed, floating system. We found that both the exchange rate and the money supply influenced stock price, with a positive correlation. We further show that the money supply increase was largely caused by a huge ‘hot money’ inflow from other countries in recent years. After local currency appreciation, hot money, followed by the money supply increase, pushed the market into a high level, based on expectations regarding the local currency's further appreciation.
Crisis Cluster Crisis Type Victim crisis cluster Natural disaster Rumors Workplace violence Product tampering / malevolence Accidental crisis cluster Challenges

Business considers brand reputation is the key to survival for the organization. The occurrence of fatal brand crisis leaves a huge negative impact on the organization. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the best response strategy to overcome the fatal brand crisis. In this study, the linkages between bolstering strategy consist of reminder strategy, ingratiation strategy and victimage strategy to the brand reputation has been examined by adapting the quantitative methodology. PLS-SEM has been employed to analyze the data. The findings show that only victimage strategy is significant, while reminder and ingratiation are not significant to restore the tarnished reputation by the fatal crisis. As a conclusion, this study had answered the hypothesis and contributed to the theoretical and practical contributions.
The effects of lunch break activities on employee creativity

Some activities and experiences employees encounter during their off-work time are shown to be more beneficial than others in terms of successful recovery, but very little is known how different kinds of respite activities affect creativity. Even short breaks during the working day, such as lunch breaks, give employees a chance to unwind from work demands and thus release cognitive resources for other uses, such as creative thinking. The activities employees engage in during the break may impact this process differently. The aim of this study was to examine how exposure to nature and relaxation during lunch breaks affect creativity compared to each other and to lunch breaks spent as usual. Also, the potential effects of stress, psychological detachment, positive work reflection, enjoyment of lunch breaks and feelings of relaxation on creativity were explored. A group of 186 employees were recruited from 8 Finnish organizations. The study was carried out in two phases (spring and fall) and the employees were divided into four groups: the nature exposure group, the relaxation group and two different control groups. The participants 1) walked in a park, 2) relaxed during their lunch breaks or 3) spent their lunch breaks as usual for a total of 10 working days during a two-week intervention period. Three weeks after the intervention period their creativity was assessed using the Alternative Uses Task developed by Guilford. During the intervention weeks the participants also provided information about their stress level, emotions, experiences and the qualities of their lunch breaks. The results showed that the nature exposure group and the relaxation group did not differ from each other or from the control groups in terms of creativity. The more park walks the nature exposure group completed the lower they scored on top 2 originality, fluency, flexibility and uniqueness. In the relaxation group no such effect was found. Stress seemed to play an important role in creative thinking as the more stress the employees experienced, the higher they scored on top 2 originality, fluency and flexibility. Also the positive relationships of creativity and the variables closely linked to stress, namely fatigue and low level of positive affect, supported this finding. This study points to the importance of situational factors in creative thinking and also suggests that mechanisms underlying creative thinking might work differently in the working environment than in other settings.
Surface photometry of galaxies in low density regions

We perform detailed surface photometry, based on B- and/or R-band CCD images of 92 faint galaxies. They are a subsample of those galaxies which were studied by Hopp et al. (1994) in the direction of three nearby voids. We derive integral photometric parameters and radial surface brightness proles and compare them to those of several faint galaxy samples, located in dierent environments, and of a bright eld galaxy sample. According to the obtained photometric characteristics, our sample is a mixture of intrinsically bright and faint galaxies, about 60% of them belonging to the bright subsample (MB h 19:0). These bright ones show mean characteristics of typical Freeman's disks and are mainly located in the background of the observed voids. The faint subsample (MB 19:0) has parameters typical for the low-surface-brightness (LSB) galaxies. There are a few well isolated galaxies both among the bright and faint subsamples. About 40% of studied galaxies reveal ellipticity and position angle variations along of the radius. The (B R) colour indices of the observed galaxies span over a wide range of 0.5 1.8 mag with a median value at 1.11 mag, rather blue. About 30% of the observed galaxies reveal radial colour gradients at a 5 signicance level. These galaxies show typically red centers and are getting bluer towards the periphery. The most isolated galaxies in our sample show relatively blue colours (BT RT ' 0.8). About 40% of the studied galaxies have surface brightness proles which can be described by the model of single exponential disk. 38% of our galaxies have more complicated proles and either can be approximated by two exponentials or show the presence of a small bulge. 20% of the observed galaxies have central light depression and outer irregularities { typical for some dwarf galaxies. These prole type frequencies are similar to those of faint eld galaxy sample. The evolutionary history of both the isolated and clustered galaxies obviously results in similar photometric and structural characteristics. Thus the photometric methods alone are inadequate for selecting galaxies with dierent isolation properties.
Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of Acupuncture based on Neural Electrical Signals

Manual acupuncture (MA) is a traditional Chinese Medicine clinical therapy. Although its effectiveness has been proved by clinical trials over thousands of years, the effect and mechanism of acupuncture on the nervous system is not yet clear.Brain is senior central nervous system, and acupuncture as an external stimulation, can induce various electrical activitiesin the brain cortex.In this paper, we design experiment that acupuncture at acupointZusanli withfour different frequencies, andcollect neural signalson the brain.Detrended fluctuation analysis method is used to extract features from EEG signals evoked by different MA manipulations, which may provide theoretical basis forquantifying acupuncture and revealing the mechanism of acupuncture from the aspect of neural electrical signals. Keywords-Acupuncture; EEG; Detrended fluctuation analysis
Student and Instructor Responses to Emotional Motivational Feedback Messages in an Online Instructional Environment.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Emotional Motivational Feedback Message (EMFEM) in an online learning environment. This exploratory research was conducted using mixed method single case study design. Participants were 15 undergraduate students enrolled in an instructional technology course in a large state university located in an urban region in the southeastern part of the United States during Fall 2013. Multiple data collection strategies were employed in this study such as a course interest survey, IT attitudes survey, open-ended questionnaires, research journals, forum/discussion postings, emails, reflection papers and warm-up surveys. The findings showed EMFEM helped to increase and maintain students’ motivation. Students liked the EMFEM and the style of the instructor’s teaching by giving emotional motivational feedback. Students had a closer and friendlier relationship with the instructor; they also started to use more emotional content themselves.
Group Size Effect and Over-Punishment in the Case of Third Party Enforcement of Social Norms

One of the important topics in public choice is how people’s free-riding behavior could differ by group size in collective action dilemmas. This paper experimentally studies how the strength of third party punishment in a prisoner’s dilemma could differ by the number of third parties in a group. Our data indicate that as the number of third party punishers increases in a group, the average punishment intensity per third party punisher decreases. However, the decrease rate is very mild and therefore the size of total punishment in a group substantially increases with an increase in group size. As a result, third party punishment becomes a sufficient deterrent against a player selecting defection in the prisoner’s dilemma when the number of third party punishers is sufficiently large. Nevertheless, when there are too many third party punishers in a group, a defector’s expected payoff is far lower than that of a cooperator due to strong aggregate punishment, while some cooperators are even hurt through punishment. Therefore, the group incurs a huge efficiency loss. Such over-punishment results from third party punishers’ conditional punishment behaviors: their punishment intensity is positively correlated with their beliefs on the peers’ punitive actions. Some possible ways to coordinate punishment among peers even when group size is very large, thus enabling the efficiency loss to be mitigated, are also discussed in the paper.
The shape of warmth: temperature profiles in living rooms

The most commonly used family of models in representing the UK building stock, BREDEM (the Building Research Establishment Domestic Energy Models), assume that all homes exhibit the same heating pattern and hence can be expected to have similar temperature profiles over the course of a day. The presented research shows that homes differ significantly in their respective temperature profile over the course of the day. A cluster analysis performed on temperature data from 275 living rooms in English homes over three winter months resulted in four different clusters of temperature profiles. The clusters differ significantly in their shape, as revealed by visual inspection, and supported by significant differences in minimum and maximum temperatures and temperature variability across the day. About 40% of homes showed a bimodal temperature pattern as assumed under BREDEM. However, the remaining 60% showed very different profiles. These findings challenge the assumption that one standard pattern fits all homes. Different temperature demand profiles have important implications for future peak power demands, particularly if domestic space heating is switched to electricity. It is also helpful for relating occupant demographics to appropriate forms of fabric retrofit.
Test of PWM power electronics devices for electricity network using digital real-time simulator

The tests of power system equipments are required either in the design phase, during the qualification and the validation, or in case of malfunctions. These tests are needed to check equipment’s behavior itself as well as its interactions with the power system. An effective and flexible solution to realize these tests avoiding device destruction and voltage risks for people is to use digital real-time simulation. Power electronics devices are in sustained development in power systems for power quality (D-FACTS) or power producers interfacing. Generally, control systems of power electronics devices use Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The main advantages of PWM compared to full wave control are the improvement of controllability, performances and mitigation of harmonic generation. Real-time simulation of these PWM devices is difficult due to the large needed simulation time-step compared to the high PWM switching frequencies (more than 1kHz). This paper presents a new solution to obtain real-time simulation of PWM power electronic devices. As a validation, a benchmark was realized for testing a Static Var Generator (SVG, also called D-STATCOM or SVC light) control device for distribution power systems.
Prediction of the effect of nonlinear propagation distortion in blade vortex interaction noise

Nonlinear propagation distortion causes energy to be shifted to the high-frequency-end of the spectrum. As a result, traditional linear calculations, that include geometrical spreading and atmospheric absorption, underestimate the noise levels at high frequencies. The effect has been investigated for aircraft jet noise, but less attention has been given to helicopters. The Burgers equation, which incorporates nonlinear propagation distortion effects, is employed for the prediction of the noise spectrum away from the helicopter. It is shown that nonlinear effects can be sizeable for Blade Vortex Interaction noise produced by helicopter’s main rotor. However, employment of the Burgers equation can be time consuming to be included in routine calculations. It also requires knowledge of the initial pressure time signal. The power spectrum alone, which is usually known, is not sufficient. In the present work, three predictions methods are presented that are based on the Burgers equation and address the above concerns.
IT&C support for decision making in notary offices

The aim of this paper is to determine the most efficient strategic alternative in the case of a notary office, by taking into account the expected values associated to different levels of supplementary services requests by its customers. The determination of expected monetary values associated to the strategic alternatives by means of WinQSB software confirms the hypotheses concerning the feasibility analysis results and the manager’s ability to make the right decision from the financial point of view. Thus, the manager of the notary office will be able to make efficient decisions regarding the business development plan by using appropriate software tools, which deliver real time results in different simulation scenarios. Once the optimal decision is found, the notary office can seek to improve its business development strategy by taking into account more options and levels of supplementary services requests from the part of its customers.
An algorithm for determining the optimal variant of a cut gem with maximal mass and specified symmetry deviations

T he article discusses the problem of fi nding a polyhedron given shape inside another nonconvex polyhedron. This problem is a particular case of the 18th Hilbert problem, third part. It has a practical application in computer simulation of three-dimensional objects, moving autonomous robots, and the jewelry industry. The author uses this mathematical problem to fi nd the facets of gemstones in uncut stones. The article off ers a method for fi nding inscribed polyhedrons based on the reduction of the problem to a nonlinear programming problem and its solutions using ready-made software. The basic idea is that it is easy to describe this problem in terms of non-linear programming. Internal polyhedron volume is an objective function. Restrictions include the preservation of the combinatorial structure, one polyhedron standing inside another one, convexity, plus additional constraints necessary for practical purposes. The article describes two implementations of the algorithm: a client-server application and a local application. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The algorithm is described not only in a mathematical point of view; some of its practical characteristics are also demonstrated. Compared to the previous article, the author has added a method that allows for solving the nonconvex case of a problem. This is a signifi cant step forward from a mathematical point of view. In addition, it allows us to use the algorithm at all stages of gem cutting. The end of the article describes current evaluations of the eff ectiveness and running time, including on weak processors, and it off ers plans for further development of the algorithm.