Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Governance of Transboundary Commons: Insights from Southeast Asia

This article examines how hybrid environmental governance produces, maintains, and reconfigures common property across transboundary geographies of resource access, use, and ownership. Transboundary commons are a category of environmental goods that traverse jurisdictions and property regimes within as well as between nation-states. They are forged through collaborative partnerships between spatially dispersed state, private-sector, and societal institutions and actors. This article disaggregates these transboundary commoning arrangements into two geographically discrete yet conceptually intertwined categories of governance: mobile commons and in situ commons. We ground our enquiry in Southeast Asia, a resource-rich region where diverse formal and informal practices of resource organization blur the boundaries of environmental governance. Whereas environmental commons are often analyzed in terms of resource rights and entitlements, this article argues that a focus on power relations offers a more productive analytical lens through which to understand the dynamic and networked ways in which transboundary common property is continually being (re)made through processes of hybrid governance in response to changing ecological systems and shifting social realities. Key Words: ASEAN, common property, cross-border governance, environmental commons, hybrid governance.
Policy Simulation of Electricity-Based Vehicle Utilization in Indonesia (Electrified Vehicle - HEV, PHEV, BEV and FCEV)

In the past few years, the energy consumption of the land transportation sector has increased considerably. One of the breakthroughs by the Government through Presidential Regulation No. 22/2017 concerning General Plan for National Energy (RUEN) is the use of electricity-based vehicles to reduce fuel consumption and achieve energy security. Successful policy making for emerging industries depends on two main factors: the adoption of scientific perspectives and accuracy to predict impacts. Therefore, this review aims to conduct a study of policy simulation methodologies related to the use of electric vehicles in Indonesia. Also, identification of the gaps and limitations of previous research is carried out and recommending an agenda for further research.
Marketing to ethnic minorities in Britain

The ethnic minority population in Britain is sizeable and represents a viable and untapped market segment. In today’s fragmented and increasingly turbulent markets, ethnic marketing offers a new strategic focus for product/market development and, in many respects, companies which ignore this do so at their own competitive peril. Companies wishing to do business with ethnic minority groups will fundamentally have to review the basic premisses of their marketing plans to take account of the growing market pluralism and the multi‐ethnic reality of modern Britain. Accordingly, this paper provides a literature over‐view of the crucial issues which are likely to become the important determinants of success in developing ethnic marketing programmes. It is hoped that this paper will stimulate thought towards detailed examination of good practices, critical success factors and associated principles which might help to improve marketing practices aimed at the ethnic minority population.
Pursuing supply chain sustainability in the luxury industry

Author: Shina Marefat Title: Pursuing supply chain sustainability in the luxury industry Faculty: LUT School of Business and Management Master’s Programme: Supply Management Year: 2019 Master’s Thesis: Lappeenranta University of Technology 129 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables Examiners: Professor Katrina Lintukangas Professor Anni-Kaisa Kähkönen
State strategies to address medicaid prescription spending: negotiated pricing vs price transparency

Abstract This research longitudinally examines the association between levels of state Medicaid prescription spending and the state strategies intended to constrain cost increases: the negotiated pricing strategy, as indicated by state rebate programs, and the price transparency strategy, as indicated by state operation of All-Payer Claims Databases. The findings demonstrate evidence that state Medicaid prescription spending is influenced by the negotiated pricing strategy, especially Managed Care Organization (MCO) rebates under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, but not influenced by the price transparency strategy. State decisions for MCO rebates, such as carving prescription benefits into managed care benefits, were effective in containing levels of Medicaid prescription spending over time, while other single- and multi-state rebate programs were not. Based on these findings, state policymakers may consider utilizing the MCO rebate program to address increases in Medicaid prescription spending.
Impacts of NGOs Microfinance on Women Empowerment in Northern Pakistan

The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of NGOs microfinance in women empowerment in the Northern Pakistan. A total number of 309 beneficiaries were selected form three NGOs microfinance (Biyar Local Support Organization, Garamchashma Area Development and Integrated Chitral Development Programme). Quantitative primary data was adopted while the partial least squaresstructural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data collected. A logistic test was also performed to estimate the microfinance impact on women empowerment. The results show microfinance program has boosted the confidence level and the decision making power of the beneficiaries. In addition, respondents are able to make choices regarding the expenditure as well as to express their opinions in the community. The findings imply that more injection of micro loans by the government and NGOs so women can play a greater role in the community specifically to improve the wellbeing of the members of the households.
Financial development indicators and FDI: international evidence

The relationship between financial development indexes and foreign direct investment is studied in this paper. The main objective was to examine the effects of two groups of financial development indicators (the financial markets index and the financial institution index) on the FDI absorption rate. The happenstance of these indicators was evaluated in the form of panel data models for 10 countries: Saudi Arabia, Argentina, Poland, Belgium, Iran, Thailand, Nigeria, Austria, Norway and Venezuela, in the 1990 to 2017 period. The results show that when the financial institutional index, financial market index and GDP increase, the FDI increases; and when FIA, FMA & FME increase, the FDI decreases. Thus, expanding the capital market increased FDI attraction in the sample countries, and for countries with a weak capital markets, the financial market access index and the financial institution efficiency index has a significant negative effect on FDI absorption and vice versa.
Structural relationship between market demand and member commitment associated with the marketing of martial arts programs

Purpose This study was conducted to ensure that the selected antecedent concepts, including market demand and psychological factors, were fully focused and studied in detail and depth. The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a theoretical framework that specifies direct and indirect relationships among market demand, perceived benefits, perceived constraint, perceived value, consumer satisfaction and member commitment in martial arts programs. Design/methodology/approach Research participants (n=595) were martial arts school participants, who resided in the USA. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the measurement model and the proposed model was tested by conducting structural equation modeling analyses. Findings Findings of this study indicated that perceived benefits and perceived constraints partially mediated the relationship between the market demand factors and perceived value, which in turn influenced member satisfaction and commitment. Economic Condition Consideration was found to be the most critical predictor of market demand. Originality/value Generating what-to-do and how-to-do implications that were specific to martial arts school and marketing practices were the priority of the investigators of this study. Administrators of martial arts programs may consider adopting the resultant theoretical framework as a general guide in their marketing efforts to recruit and retain program participants.
The Impact of Special Economic Zones and Government Intervention on Firm Productivity: The Case of Batam, Indonesia

Various studies have explored the effects of industrial agglomeration and special economic zones (SEZs) in Asia, but there has been a lack of data-driven analysis of SEZ performance. This paper provides a case study on Batam, which has been developed as an SEZ through government-to-government (G2G) cooperation, offering lessons for other developing countries. The study examines the effects of industrial zones, foreign investment and government intervention on firm productivity, using an ex-post evaluation method and econometric models. The paper does not find conclusive evidence that Batam’s status as an SEZ affects firm productivity and growth. Although firm agglomeration proves beneficial for firm productivity, it is not clear that SEZ policy has driven this productivity. The paper argues that government policies should stimulate innovation and inter-firm cooperation to increase knowledge spillovers and technology transfer instead of focusing on attracting investment.
Place of Residence and Cost Attribute Non-Attendance in a Stated Preference Choice Experiment Involving a Marine Endangered Species

Spatial variation of economic benefits associated with endangered species based on place of residence may be important to understand given conservation actions often place an unequal burden on rural and non-rural areas. In this article, place of residence differences are examined using split-sample stated preference choice experiment survey data from a study involving public preferences for protecting an endangered species, the Cook Inlet beluga whale. Standard mixed logit models provide evidence of a difference in estimated preference functions and willingness to pay (WTP) between households from rural and non-rural areas. However, when cost attribute non-attendance is accounted for, both rural and non-rural WTP estimates are scaled downward and differences in WTP dissipate.
The Role of Financial Instruments and Derivatives Disclosure on the Excess Return and Company Value Based on Iran Accounting Standards

Based on IFRS laws, British companies have started providing their reporting systems according to International Standards Requirements regarding disclosing their financial derivatives since January 2005. In 2013, Iran revised its Accounting Standard No. 15 to include the derivative instruments. The present study aims at investigating the effect of this revision on financial derivatives and instruments, and the effect of earning management on the relationship between the level of financial derivatives and instruments and risk-adjusted discount rates. From generalized least squares regression panel data, it was found that based on the first hypothesis, the companies which disclose their financial instruments based on No. 15 internal standard have a lower riskadjusted discount rate, implying an increase in profit and a price rise in the markets. The findings also confirmed the second hypothesis, attesting to the effect of earning management on the relationship between financial derivatives and instruments disclosure and excess return. Findings of the research third hypothesis represent that there is a direct meaningful relationship between disclosure level of financial instruments and company value. So, it can be concluded that instruments` disclosures and financial derivatives can decrease risk-adjusted discount rate and increase companies` values in terms of standard number 15.
When Do Low-Frequency Measures Really Measure Transaction Costs?

We compare popular measures of transaction costs based on daily data with their high-frequency data-based counterparts. We find that for U.S. equities and major foreign exchange rates, (i) the measures based on daily data are highly upward biased and imprecise; (ii) the bias is a function of volatility; and (iii) it is primarily volatility that drives the dynamics of these liquidity proxies both in the cross section as well as over time. We corroborate our results in carefully designed simulations and show that such distortions arise when the true transaction costs are small relative to volatility. Many financial assets exhibit this property, not only in the last two decades, but also in the previous century. We document that using low-frequency measures as liquidity proxies in standard asset pricing tests may produce sizable biases and spurious inferences about the pricing of aggregate volatility or liquidity risk.
Putting Southern Sweden on the Map: A Case Study of Malmö as a Platform for Foreign-Owned Companies

Malmo is the third largest city in Sweden, located in the southern part of the country. It has become more common that established enterprises, both Swedish and foreign-owned, actively choose to relocate their businesses to Malmo. As foreign direct investment, FDI, plays an important role in a region’s globalization process, these establishments benefit the host region in several ways. Even though Malmo has the potential to serve new establishments and relocations of foreign-owned companies, Malmo is still a relatively small city compared to other, more well-known locations. The purpose of this thesis is thus to examine how international and foreign-owned companies in Malmo experience the city from the perspective of their own operations and business needs. A multiple case study is conducted, where three foreign-owned companies in Malmo express their views on the issue. It is found that Malmo’s close access to Copenhagen Airport, Scandinavia’s largest airport, is highly valuable for the three companies included in the study, for outgoing business trips as well as incoming visitors. Malmo’s direct linkage to Copenhagen and Denmark via the Oresund Bridge is also highly convenient for a fast and easy access to both Denmark and Copenhagen Airport. Despite Malmo’s close access to universities and research centers, the companies have all experienced some difficulties with finding qualified people when recruiting to certain positions. However, the companies still consider Malmo to have a promising potential in producing and appealing highly-skilled people in general. Obtaining local and physical resources, such as land and office facilities, is considered to be an easy-going process in Malmo in general. The city thus seems to have a sufficient capacity to provide both small and larger companies with business accommodations when settling in the city.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH (PADA DINAS KOPERASI USAHA MIKRO DAN PERDAGANGAN)

Abstract: In starting a business, it is often constrained by the lack of capital, poor administrative ability and lack of experience on how to promote the products. Based on those empirical problems, it is necessary to empower an entrepreneur. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are business activities that are able to expand employment, increase income, encourage local economic growth, and realize the stability of the Batu Region. This study used a qualitative method and determined the respondents with a snowball sampling. The technique of collecting data was through interviews, observation, documentation. The data analysis technique involved reduction, presentation, and verification. The results of the study showed that the government has put experts in their respective fields, supported by human resources, nature and budget, implementation of empowerment, identified through facts or phenomena that occured in the field by means of communication, and coordination, as well as having an impact on the social economic environment. The supporting factors were the communication, the availability of empowerment consultants, budgets, and the Batu Employers Association Group. While the inhibiting factors were the competition, not having business licenses, weather changes and the lack ability of recording material presented by the resource person. Keywords: Empowerment Program, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Abstrak: Dalam memulai sebuah usaha sering terkendala dengan minimnya modal. Kemampuan administrasi yang buruk dan kurangya pengalaman bagaimana mempromosikan produk yang sudah diolah. Berdasarkan empirical problem tersebut maka sangat diperlukan suatu pemberdayaan bagi pelaku usaha. Usaha mikro kecil menengah merupakan kegiatan usaha yang mampu memperluas lapangan pekerjaan, meningkatkan pendapatan, mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal, dan mewujudkan stabilitas Daerah Kota Batu. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif Penentuan responden mengunakan snowball sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui tahap wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi teknik analisis data yaitu reduksi, penyajian, dan verifikasi. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi pemberdayaan usaha mikro kecil menengah, di lihat dari peran pemerintah menempatkan orang yang ahli di bidangnya masing-masing. Di dukung oleh sumberdaya manusia, alam dan anggaran, pelaksanaan pemberdayaan, diidentifikasi melalui fakta atau fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan dengan cara komunikasi, dan koordinasi, serta berdampak pada lingkungan ekonomi sosial. Faktor pendukung yaitu komunikasi, tersedianya konsultan pemberdayaan, anggaran, dan kelompok asosiasi pengusaha Kota Batu, faktor penghambatnya adalah persaingan, tidak mempunyai surat ijin usaha perdagangan, perubahan cuaca yang tidak kondusif dan kebiasaan tidak mencatat materi yang disampaikan oleh narasumber. Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Program Pemberdayaan, Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah
Risk Management Effectiveness Index Score for Pre and Post Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance 2012

Risk is the main issues, which is cause of uncertainty in any organisation. It’s become a top priority for the international business community and the companies began focus on identify and manage risk before it affect the business. Malaysia has established and improves the corporate governance code, which is Malaysia Code on Corporate Governance 2012 and one of the principle discuss is to strengthen the risk management among the companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. There is a limited study on risk management effectiveness of the companies in Malaysia especially in developing the index for each sectors or industries. The main objective of this study is to develop the risk management effectiveness index for companies listed on the Main Board of the Bursa Malaysia in order to measure the commitment of companies towards risk management. An assessment questionnaire has been employed in this study to measure the risk management disclosure in annual report. The overall findings of the risk management effectiveness index revealed that among seven sectors of companies, trading sectors get high scores on five items studied.
Inter-Subdomain Relation Extraction for Agriculture Domain

ABSTRACT An ontology-based knowledge representation scheme thrives by establishing relations between different terms belonging to the underlying domain. However, automating the identification of all possible relations that may exist between the different terms pertaining to a vast domain, such as agriculture, is quite challenging. One of the major challenges comes from extracting the inter-subdomain relations which are quite common in the agriculture domain. This present work proposes a knowledge-based scheme for extraction of inter-subdomain relations. In particular, it deals with three such cases, viz. crop and soil, crop and disease, soil and region. A baseline system has been designed by analysing official documents retrieved from different repositories. In an improved version of the proposed scheme co-reference resolution techniques have been used to achieve much higher success with average precision and average recall more than 75% and 85%, respectively.
The effect of consumer emotions on outcome behaviors following service failure

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of emotions that consumers experience following service failures and to assess the effects of each of these emotions on important behavioral outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This paper extends the work of Wetzer et al. (2007) and draws upon the existing literature to test a series of research hypotheses tying emotions to four important behavioral outcomes primarily using stepwise regression. Findings When a service failure occurs, customers experience any of a variety of negative emotions. The effect on behavioral outcomes depends on the specific emotion experienced by the consumer. The current research, which benefits by using retrospective experience sampling, finds that frustration is the predominant emotion experienced by customers following service failure, but that anger, regret and frustration affect behavioral outcomes. Uncertainty also plays a role. Research limitations/implications Future research should investigate the antecedents of propensity for emotions and predisposition toward industries, as well as the consequences of word-of-mouth (WOM) praise and WOM activity. Additionally, emotions could be examined by service stage. Several other moderators could be investigated, including severity, complaining behavior, repeat occurrence, service importance, remedies and forgiveness, product vs process failures, tenure, gender and age. Practical implications The current research emphasizes the importance of understanding which emotion is being experienced by a customer following service failure to identify the behavioral outcomes that will be most impacted. The specific managerial implications depend upon the specific emotional response experienced by the customer and are discussed separately for anger, regret and frustration. Service personnel must be trained to recognize and address specific customer emotions rather than to provide a canned or generalized response. Originality/value To date, there has been little, if any, systematic research into the effects of multiple discrete negative emotions on multiple desirable behavioral outcomes. The current study examines six discrete emotions. Predominant emotions are differentiated from emotional intensity. The behavioral outcomes of reconciliation and reduced share-of-wallet are added to the traditional outcomes of repatronage intentions and negative WOM. While existing research tends to rely on a scenario approach, this study uses the retrospective experience sampling method. The authors distinguish between mixed emotions and multiple emotions. The relative effects of disappointment and regret are examined for each of the four outcomes. Finally, importance-performance map analysis was applied to the findings to prioritize managerial attention. Numerous managerial and research implications are identified.