Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intrusion Detection System for Computer Network Security

Intrusion detection is very crucial to computer network security. Numerous independent platforms for internet connectivity and interconnected networks are used frequently by attackers to intrude. The network access pattern of the intruders can be used to detect their behaviour. This study examined the problem of in-security on the computer network and the accuracy of models that can be used to detect the activities of the attackers via data mining techniques that are applicable to such problems. Data mining techniques have been successfully applied in many different fields including marketing, manufacturing, process control, fraud detection and network management. There is need to examine the accuracy of such techniques that are used in detecting the attack patterns by network intruders. We identified the access pattern on computer network as a classification problem in which legitimate users can be easily distinguished from attackers via patterns on the network. Three classification techniques: Naïve Bayes, Radial basis and Rotation Forest have been examined on their accuracy in detecting network access patterns using KDD 1999 dataset. The models were tested and their classification accuracy was determined using detection accuracy and false positive rate as performance evaluation metrics. The results obtained from the models are presented.
Probabilistic constrained optimization : methodology and applications

Preface. Introduction to the Theory of Probabilistic Functions and Percentiles S. Uryasev. Pricing American Options by Simulation Using a Stochastic Mesh with Optimized Weights M. Broadie, et al. On Optimization of Unreliable Material Flow Systems Y. Ermoliev, et al. Stochastic Optimization in Asset & Liability Management: A Model for Non-Maturing Accounts K. Frauendorfer, M. Schurle. Optimization in the Space of Distribution Functions and Applications in the Bayes Analysis A.N. Golodnikov, et al. Sensitivity Analysis of Worst-Case Distribution for Probability Optimization Problems Y.S. Kan, A.I. Kibzun. On Maximum Realiability Problem in Parallel-Series Systems with Two Failure Modes V. Kirilyuk. Robust Monte Carlo Simulation for Approximate Covariance Matrices and VaR Analyses A. Kreinin, A. Levin. Structure of Optimal Stopping Strategies for American Type Options A.G. Kukush, D.S. Silvestrov. Approximation of Value-at-Risk Problems with Decision Rules R. Lepp. Managing Risk with Expected Shortfall H. Mausser, D. Rosen. On the Numerical Solution of Jointly Chance Constrained Problems J. Mayer. Management of Quality of Service through Chance-constraints in Multimedia Networks E.A. Medova, J.E. Scott. Solution of a Product Substitution Problem Using Stochastic Programming M.R. Murr, A. Prekopa. Some Remarks on the Value-at-Risk and the Conditional Value-at-risk G.Ch. Pflug. Statistical Inference of Stochastic Optimization Problems A. Shapiro.
The possibilities and limitation of transcultural biography work: Lithuanian case

Lithuania, as well as other contemporary societies, is undergoing the times full of new technological, political, economic, social and scientific changes. In the changing society, adult education has helps a person to develop his and her cultural interests, creative powers, skills and acquire theoretical knowledge necessary for person's professional activity, enables a person to upgrade his or her current qualification and helps to become an active citizen of a democratic society (Zemaitaityte, 2007). This paper seeks to discuss Trancultural Biography Work (TBW) as an adult educative approach that is mainly oriented on one's resources and potentials. But it also may help to overcome hindering patterns of thinking, feeling and acting. Through Biography Work, people explore how they handled difficult situations in one's life: How did the person manage similar situations in the past? How did other people or other members of person family with whom he/she shared memory manage it? It supports to gain self-awareness as well as courage and the desire to realize one's potentials. “Realize. Transcultural Biography Work for Adult Education” international project, from 2010 to 2012, was dedicated to apply Transcultural Biography Work (TBW) in different counties and contexts with different participants with various needs and backgrounds, explore and implement new techniques of Transcultural Biography Work, assess the effectiveness of TBW techniques, and elaborate further on Transcultural Biography Work approach.
A World of Fiction: Twenty Timeless Short Stories

Husbands, Wives, and Lovers 1 CAN-CAN: Arturo Vivante Literary Elements: Irony, Symbol Language Elements: Gerunds and Present Participles, Short Expressions Using And, Definitions 2 THE STORY OF AN HOUR: Kate Chopin Literary Elements: Epiphany, Metaphor and Simile, Personification Language Elements: Suffixes, Prepositions 3 EPICAC: Kurt Vonnegut Literary Elements: Personification, Colloquialism and Humor Language Elements: Lie/Lay, Two-Word Verbs, Idioms Containing Body Parts 4 THE LEGACY: Virginia Woolf Literary Element: Point of View Language Element: Adjectives Describing Character 5 THE KUGELMASS EPISODE: Woody Allen Literary Elements: Dialogue, Characterization: Flat Characters, Anachronism and Humor Language Elements: Verbs that Introduce Dialogue, Idioms 6 AN INTRUDER: Nadine Gordimer Literary Elements: Imagery: Simile and Metaphor Language Elements: Adjective Clauses, Adjectives in Context Parent and Child 7 POWDER: Tobias Wolf Literary Elements: Repetition and Alliteration Language Elements: Participial Phrases, Dangling Modifiers, Sentence Fragments, Alliteration, Prepositions 8 MOTHER: Grace Paley Literary Element: Flashback Language Elements: Past Tenses, Symbols 9 A SHORT DIGEST OF A LONG NOVEL: Budd Schulberg Literary Elements: Imagery: Simile and Metaphor Language Elements: Prefixes, Similes and Metaphors, Word Sets 10 THE ROCKING-HORSE WINNER: D.H. Lawrence Literary Elements: Symbol, Fable Language Elements: Proverbs, Idioms 11 THE BOARDING HOUSE: James Joyce Literary Elements: Tone: Irony and Humor, Imagery: Adjectives, Oxymorons Language Elements: Oxymorons, Adjectives, Antonyms, Idioms 12 MY OEDIPUS COMPLEX: Frank O'Connor Literary Element: Humorous Effects Language Elements: Denotation and Connotation, Idioms Loneliness and Alienation 13 THE MODEL: Bernard Malamud Literary Element: Inference Language Elements: Euphemism, Using About in Different Ways, Expressions with Two Meanings 14 DISAPPEARING: Monica Wood Literary Elements: Ellipsis, Imagery Language Elements: Vocabulary, Definitions 15 MISS BRILL: Katherine Mansfield Literary Elements: Synecdoche, Simile Language Elements: Verbs of Movement, Adjectives 16 TEENAGE WASTELAND: Anne Tyler Literary Elements: Point of View: Third-Person Narration, Inference Language Elements: Conditionals, Idioms Social Change and Injustice 17 LIKE A WINDING SHEET: Ann Petry Literary Elements: Colloquialism and Dialect, Imagery Language Elements: Adverbial Clauses, Synonyms 18 THE LILY-WHITE BOYS: William Maxwell Literary Elements: Allusion and Connotation, Setting and Atmosphere Language Elements: Appositives, Placement of the Subject, Irregular Verbs 19 THE CATBIRD SEAT: James Thurber Literary Elements: Understatement and Humor Language Elements: Noun Clauses, Two-Word Verbs, Expressions Using Color, Legal Expressions 20 EVERYDAY USE: Alice Walker Literary Elements: Characterization: Round Character, Point of View: First-Person Narrative Language Elements: Prepositional Phrases, Verbs of Movement, Two-Word Verbs, Used To Ecplanation of Literary Terms
Letters to the Editors

Harper, Eschenbach, and James (2011) discussed the problem of maximum likelihood estimation for the three-parameter Weibull distribution and studied the performances of different statistical software for this purpose. I enjoyed reading the paper and learning that different commonly used statistical software provide dramatically different results in estimating parameters in the threeparameter Weibull distribution. I would like to offer a simple alternative in R for computing the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) of the parameters in the three-parameter Weibull distribution and to suggest the use of graphical methods for validating the estimates. I would also like to discuss the effect of initial estimates for iterative algorithms. Some related references, which did not appear in the statistical literature, are also provided here. Following the notation of Harper, Eschenbach, and James (2011), the loglikelihood function based on a sample of size n, say (x1, x2, . . . , xn), is given by
Towards immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer

A recent review of pancreatic carcinoma stated, “In spite of poor results, we must continue to search actively for more accurate methods of diagnosis and better methods of treatment”1; in light of this, further study of immunotherapy may be appropriate. Gut readers will not be surprised to see this article as, every decade, immunotherapy becomes a “hot” topic and, as such, generates short lived enthusiasm. Thus, BCG, tumour lysates, and even interleukin (IL) 2 as a single agent, have recently been of interest to those involved in scientific research. Immunotherapy is currently at the fore as we can now, actively or passively, stimulate the immune system of patients with pancreatic cancer, creating an immunotherapeutic regimen which may be partially or completely effective in curing the disease. Why such optimism? Recently, developments in genetic engineering techniques have lead to breakthroughs identifying tumour antigens, the description of numerous cytokines (approximately 25, including IL 1–18, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) o/o, interferons (IFN) α, β, γ, and others), and more recently, chemokines, of which there are more than 30, including their receptors. Using recombinant techniques, it is now possible to produce large amounts of antigens and cytokines for preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, these reagents, and the crystallisation of MHC class I and class II molecules, have shown us how antigens enter cells, are degraded into peptides, and presented by class I or class II molecules.2 3 This process is particularly important because class I molecules present peptides to CD8 T cells. In tumour immunotherapy, this may give rise to killer T lymphocytes which function either by killing and/or inducing cytokine production, particularly IFN γ, TNF α, IL-2, and IL-12—that is, a Th1 response. The most effective therapy also requires CD4 mediated T cell help, with recognition occurring through longer peptides …
Diabetic retinopathy

Involvement of the retinal microvascular vessels is an almost inevitable consequence of long standing diabetes. In the only large scale epidemiology study of a Caucasian population Klein et al. found some degree of retinopathy in up to 97% of patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after about 15 years diabetes duration and in about 60% of insulin treated patients of older onset, presumably non-insulin dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM). The presence of retinopathy does not indicate impending visual loss in all patients. Thus in IDDM the sight threatening forms of retinopathy is most commonly associated with neovascularization; up to 60% of patients develop this lesion after 20 years diabetes duration, while in the older age group new vessels are far less common. In clinic populations the commonest cause of visual loss in NIDDM is associated with macular oedema but in the population studies of Klein, prevalence of macular oedema was almost as common in IDDM as in NIDDM patients.
Need for a Soil‐Based Approach in Managing Nitrogen Fertilizers for Profitable Corn Production

Nitrogen fertilization for corn (Zea mays L.) production has relied extensively on yield-based recommendations that were developed to represent regional averages, yet are routinely applied to individual fields, on the assumption that fertilizer N serves as the major supply for crop N uptake. Using data from 102 on-farm N-response studies, an evaluation was conducted of the Illinois proven-yield (PY) method for accuracy and economic profitability on a site-by-site basis. As additional objectives, the Illinois soil N test (ISNT) was evaluated for detecting whether N fertilization was economical, and for quantifying crop response to N fertilization relative to soil and management factors. For 18% of the site-years studied, N recommendations by the PY method were accurate to within 20 kg ha - 1 , whereas 13% were underfertilized by 25 to 129 kg ha - 1 (60 kg ha - 1 on average) at a current cost of $5 to $170 ha - 1 ($75 ha - 1 on average), and 69% were overfertilized by 21 to 235 kg ha - 1 (103 kg ha - 1 on average) at a cost of $12 to $130 ha - 1 ($57 ha - 1 on average). The latter group included 30 site-years that were completely nonresponsive to N fertilization, all but two of which were predicted by site-average ISNT values assuming a critical test level of 230 mg kg - 1 . This level was exceeded for 19 of 69 responsive site-years, mostly during 2001-2003 when corn followed soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) with high plant populations. A higher critical test level would have been required under such conditions, owing to more extensive residue inputs that would promote microbial N immobilization, and increased crop uptake of mineralized soil N. The ISNT was significantly related to crop N requirement, and was the most powerful predictor of error in PY recommendations (P < 0.001).
Crime Intelligence 2.0: Reinforcing Crowdsourcing using Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Computing

Despite heavy investments by local and national governments, crime continues to remain a serious problem in the society. Current state-of-the-art is below average and relies heavily on crime intelligence and efforts of human personnel across several law enforcement agencies. Over the last few years, crowdsourcing has been promoted worldwide through several Suspicious Activity Reporting (SAR) campaigns. However, such systems have proven to be largely unsuccessful owing to complicated reporting processes, excessive noise, limited authorized personnel, lack of motivation and one-way communication.To address these issues and improve counterintelligence, this thesis proposes two approaches: (i) Combination of Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing to promote generic reporting while automating the process of crime detection, summarisation and delegation (ii) Improving crowd intelligence by enabling better citizen involvement through newer information sharing techniques, sophisticated sensors and responsive feedback. In this thesis, we also investigate lone wolf terrorism as a special case of crime, and evaluate application of our proposed methods for its mitigation.
Malware Detection Using Dynamic Analysis

Malware Detection Using Dynamic Analysis by Swapna Vemparala In this research, we explore the field of dynamic analysis which has shown promising results in the field of malware detection. Here, we extract dynamic software birthmarks during malware execution and apply machine learning based detection techniques to the resulting feature set. Specifically, we consider Hidden Markov Models and Profile Hidden Markov Models. To determine the effectiveness of this dynamic analysis approach, we compare our detection results to the results obtained by using static analysis. We show that in some cases, significantly stronger results can be obtained using our dynamic approach.
Sentiment analysis of student reviews of student writing

Eli is a web-based application for coordinating and assessing writing review, typically used by students in English composition classes at the secondary or undergraduate level. It provides students and instructors with information about the reviews that students write of one another’s writing, based on reception (whether the original author finds the review helpful), but does not currently attempt to compute any metrics based on the content of the reviews themselves. I examine some sentiment-determination approaches, implemented using the UIMA framework, and their applicability to the Eli review data. The long-term goal of this project is to use sentiment-determination techniques to analyze the rhetorical tone—the attitude of the writer toward the material—of reviews. I describe how this information may be useful for instructors, and how the introduction of NLP techniques into an application like Eli can extend its capabilities; and discuss what sentiment analysis might tell us about writing review.
EVALUATION OF THE TRANSVERSAL STABILITY PARAMETERS FOR THE VEHICLES WITH TWO WHEELS LOCATE IN PARALLEL, SEGWAY TYPE

The paper captures a theoretical study, by numerical modeling concerning the evaluation of the transversal stability parameters for the Segway type vehicles. To the development of the numerical models used were taken into account: the operating mode of the vehicle with two wheels located coaxial; the influence of the pressure in the tire on the dynamic radius of the vehicle and the speed; the forces that acts on the cornering; the influence of the electric engine rotation speed on speed of the vehicle type Segway; the influence of the center of gravity height of the users and their weight on the speed and on the transversal stability of the vehicle; the influence of the angle of transversal inclination of the road on the speed and on the stability of the vehicle. In the study shall be taken into account in matters relating to the different transversal inclinations the of the road, different rays of the trajectory, the different speeds, the main parameters of the Segway type vehicle taken into study and different users (man/woman - 5; 50; 95%). The obtained results are in graphical form and shows: the forces which are obtained between the tire of vehicle and the driving path; the parameters of the transversal stability for the vehicle - in the case of vehicle rollove, through the effect of the transversal grip; in the case of an transversal profile with single slope; in the case of the transversal profile with two flat slope. Key words: Segway, user, transversal stability, numerical modeling
First records of Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (Andrusov, 1897) in the Meuse River

The aim of this paper is to present the first data on the colonization of the Meuse River by the quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (Andrusov, 1897). During our study, the quagga mussel was found at several locations in the Dutch and Belgian section. Both quagga and zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha Pallas, 1771) were sampled and the species identity was confirmed by morphological analysis. Plausible dispersion patterns and colonization routes of D.r. bugensis in the Meuse River are suggested.
Annealing time effect on the properties of CuInSe2 grown by electrodeposition using two electrodes system

In this paper, we report the effect of annealing time on the properties of copper indium diselenide CuInSe2 films. The CuInSe2 thin films have been grown at room temperature by electrochemical deposition technique using two electrodes system. The as deposited films were annealed under argon atmosphere at 300 o C during 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. The structural and morphological properties of the resulting films were characterized respectively by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optical band gap was estimated from transmittance measurements. We have found, that after annealing, all films present CuInSe2 in its chalcopyrite structure and with preferred orientation along direction. The film annealed during 45 min exhibits better crystallinity and excellent optical properties. The SEM pictures show that the elaborated films have a uniform surface morphology with a homogeneity distribution of crystallites, the grain became higher in size with prolongation of annealing time; it lays in the range of 195 to 515 ˚ A.
pShuffle: A Plasmid for in vitro Evolution

040838 12.00 Multi-gene shuffling is a powerful method used to combine and optimize attributes of various proteins. Here we report on the design and construction of the plasmid “pShuffle” which is suited for a variety of in vitro DNA-recombination techniques. The multiple cloning site (MCS) of pShuffle was designed to allow for the cloning of genes as well as their expression under control of either a lac- or a T7-promoter. As a specific feature, this MCS allows for the fusion of special linker sequences to both ends of cloned genes. After subsequent DNA-recombination steps, these linkers facilitate reamplification of generated gene variants, and thus may be used to construct clone libraries for activity screenings. The suitability of pShuffle for multi-gene shuffling applications was further shown with a set of styrene monooxygenase genes originating from proteo- and actinobacteria. Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:普通表格; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Century","serif";}
Fuzzy Soft Shadow in Augmented Reality Systems

Realistic soft shadows in Augmented Reality (AR) is a fascinating topic in computer graphics. Many researchers are involved to have a significant improvement on this demand. In this paper, we have presented a new technique to produce soft shadows using one of the well-known methods in mathematics called Fuzzy Logic. Fuzzy logic is taken into account to generate the realistic soft shadows in AR. The wide light source is split into some parts that each of them plays the rule of a single light source. The desired soft shadow is generated by splitting the wide light source into multiple parts and considering each part as a single light source. The method which we called Fuzzy Soft Shadow is employed in AR to enhance the quality of semi-soft shadows and soft shadows.
Life history characteristics and rarity of woody plants in tropical dry forest fragments of Central America

Breeding systems and dispersal mechanisms of plants (≥ 2.5 cm dbh) were examined in fragments of tropical dry forest in Central America to identify life-history characteristics associated with rarity. In particular, the richness and abundance of dioecious and mammal-dispersed trees and shrubs were examined to identify potential associations with precipitation, anthropogenic disturbance, and area. Plots totalling 1000 m2 per site were established in seven nature reserves in Costa Rica (two sites) and Nicaragua (five sites). Overall, tropical dry forests of Central America have a similar proportion of dioecious species to other lowland neotropical forests and a similar proportion of wind-dispersed plants to other tropical dry forests around the world. However, the number of dioecious and mammal-dispersed species declined with decreasing forest cover within each reserve. Although dioecious species were rare in smaller forest fragments, some of these species will not be threatened with regional extinction because they are early successional plants, they have large geographic ranges, and they are not restricted to the tropical dry forest life zone. Mammal-dispersed plants were rare in small fragments, but it is not clear whether this was due to the loss of dispersal vectors or other life-history characteristics.