Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Technical Report - Computational Photography

Ordinary consumer cameras are not capable of capturing the whole dynamic range visible to the human eye. For years, many researchers have worked to enhance the dynamic range of a captured scene. Since the development of High Dynamic Range Imaging in the latter 90’s, it has never ceased to be a hot topic in Computational Photography. At first, HDRI software developed by pioneer researchers (like HDRShop and Photosphere) was released, and soon the feature became available in commercial imaging products such as Photoshop. Through the past decade, several improvements were made in the technique, but the user still had to take several photographs and process them with computer software. Very recently, however, cameras with built-in HDR began to appear. The Pentax K-7, released in 2009, is said to be the first camera featuring HDRI. A more notable example is the iPhone 4 platform, which offers an HDR mode in the camera app since the release of the iOS 4.1 this year. In the realm of HDR video, cameras with HDR sensors, like the RED Epic and the ARRI Alexa, are being widely used these days in film production. Such devices, however, are not available for the general consumer. An alternative is to use cameras that can capture sequences of frames with different exposures and apply a technique similar to the one used for still images. Fortunately, these cameras are more affordable, but methods for enhanced video are still scarce. While HDRI techniques are very interesting from a professional point of view, at the present point in time they cannot be fully explored by consumers, since HDR images cannot be correctly displayed on normal LDR devices such as computer monitors and projectors. Such devices require an additional tonemapping step that decreases the dynamic range of images to a certain value in a controlled fashion in order to display HDR images. True HDR visualization devices exist, but are very uncommon and not available to the consumer. Because of these complications, other image and video improvement techniques may provide interesting alternatives to HDRI. In lieu of the traditional HDR method, there is another way to increase the quality of an image. The Exposure Fusion method merges differently exposed images using a weighted blending process. This approach has some advantages: it is less computationally expensive,
A METHOD TO ESTIMATE TEMPORAL INTERACTION IN A CONDITIONAL RANDOM FIELD BASED APPROACH FOR CROP RECOGNITION

This paper presents a method to estimate the temporal interaction in a Conditional Random Field (CRF) based approach for crop recognition from multitemporal remote sensing image sequences. This approach models the phenology of different crop types as a CRF. Interaction potentials are assumed to depend only on the class labels of an image site at two consecutive epochs. In the proposed method, the estimation of temporal interaction parameters is considered as an optimization problem, whose goal is to find the transition matrix that maximizes the CRF performance, upon a set of labelled data. The objective functions underlying the optimization procedure can be formulated in terms of different accuracy metrics, such as overall and average class accuracy per crop or phenological stages. To validate the proposed approach, experiments were carried out upon a dataset consisting of 12 co-registered LANDSAT images of a region in southeast of Brazil. Pattern Search was used as the optimization algorithm. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method was able to substantially outperform estimates related to joint or conditional class transition probabilities, which rely on training samples.
Provenance of Ichthyosaura alpestris (Caudata: Salamandridae) introductions to France and New Zealand assessed by mitochondrial DNA analysis

The last century has seen an unparalleled movement of species around the planet as a direct result of human activity, which has been a major contributor to the biodiversity crisis. Amphibians represent a particularly vulnerable group, exacerbated by the devastating effects of chytrid fungi. We report the malicious translocation and establishment of the alpine newt (Ichthyosaura alpestris) to its virtual antipode in North Island of New Zealand. We use network analysis of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes to identify the original source population as I. a. apuana from Tuscany, Italy. Additionally, a population in southern France, presumed to be introduced, is identified as I. a. alpestris from western Europe. However, the presence of two differentiated haplotypes suggests a mixed origin. This type of analysis is made possible by the recent availability of a phylogenetic analysis of the species throughout its natural range. We discuss the particulars of both introductions.
Estimation of phenotypic divergence and powdery mildew resistance in a collection of Cucumis sativus L .

Genetic diversity in thirty cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. var. sativus) collections from Karnataka, Southern India, was assessed by examining variation among thirty phenotypic characters and powdery mildew resistance. The collection showed appreciable phenotypic diversity in vein length, leaf length, tendril length, fruit length, fruit breadth, fruit weight, seed index and seed weight. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on 19 quantitative and 11 qualitative characters to determine relationships among populations and to obtain information on the usefulness of those characters for the definition of groups. When the 30 populations were plotted on the first two principal components, accounting for 46% of the total variation, five clusters were identified, accounting for 28 morphological attributes used in the study. The greater part of diversity was accounted for leaf length, fruit length, cavity length, node number, flesh colour, fruit weight, colour of stripes, pericarp thickness, fruit shape, seed length and seed index. CSC-71 (yellow skin and 678 g/fruit) and CSC-83 (774 g/fruit) are considered to be the most important collections to be stressed for further breeding purpose. CSC04, CSC-76 and CSC-77 showed gene specific banding for both the sequence tagged site, specific to powdery mildew resistance (EAACMCAC391-395STS and EAAGMCAT280-282STS). Collection CSC-71 (yellow skin and 678 g/fruit) showed gene specific amplification in primer EAACMCAC391-395STS. This evaluation of fruit trait variability combined with powdery mildew resistance can assist geneticists and breeders to identify populations with desirable characteristics for inclusion in variety breeding programs.
Documento de Trabajo 9818 UNEMPLOYMENT, OPTIMAL WAITING AND QUEUES

In this article we portray the state of technically diverse economies as the outcome of probabilistic equilibria. We provide the steady state distributions of current technologies, unemployment, wages and job durations thus allowing the comparison of situations with identical mean values but a differently distributed probability mass. A queueing closed network is used to establish the connections between advertised, filled and dormant business options, and their implications for the unemployment of differently qualified workers. The queueing connecting rates are obtained endogenously as the outcome of the optimizing strategies of firms.
The Evolutionary Changes in Rice-crop Farming: Integrated Pest Management in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Vietnam

From the time the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Programme—initiated by the FAO— was introduced in Indonesia in early 1990 and other Asian countries afterwards, a gradual change in IPM farmers’ knowledge, practices, empowerment, and dignity has been occurring. In line with the aims of the program to introduce knowledge, stimulate farmers’ own curiosity, and improve their decision making ability, the implication of this program for farmers’ knowledge and farming practices has been significantly different from the Green Revolution program and other technological interventions in crop farming. An “evolutionary” or gradual change rather than a “revolutionary” one or sudden change is going on among the IPM farmers in several countries in Southeast Asia. Not only are their technical understandings of growing crops enriched and modified, but also their creativity, dignity, and self-confidence are enhanced. Nevertheless, knowledge enrichment, production, implementation, and transmission are not simple processes. They are embedded in the local settings and within the course of the agricultural development and history in each locale. Some similarities and many variations are found in different countries in Southeast Asia. This paper examines these phenomena by looking at the evolutionary changes found in IPM farmers’ knowledge and practices in ricecrop farming in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
Perceptions of Freedom and Commitment as Sources of Self-efficacy Among Pedagogical Advisors

The perceptions of the role of the pedagogical advisor are multiple and diverse. This amorphous situation places importance on the sense of self-efficacy among those filling this role. Examined in this study was what pedagogical advisors perceive as factors affecting their professional self-efficacy through in-depth interviews of 10 experienced pedagogical advisors of different disciplinary subjects from three teachers colleges in Israel. The main finding is that pedagogical advisors perceive their professional autonomy as a necessary condition for the effective fulfillment of their role. Autonomy allows them to develop their potential in the intrapersonal, interpersonal and organizational domains of their work. Their sense of autonomy is based on a connection between freedom and commitment to the teaching profession. The need for autonomy demands of the pedagogical advisors that they be in a constant state of reflection in order to reinvent and reformulate their roles in response to changing contexts and demands.
A CONJECTURE IN REPRESENTATION THEORY OF FINITE GROUPS (Representation Theory of Finite Groups and Algebras, and Related Topics)

Let $G$ be a finite group and $p$ a prime dividing the order of $G$ . There are several conjectures connecting the representation theory of $G$ with the representation theory of certain p-local subgroups (i.e. the p-subgroups and their normalizers) of $G$ . For example, it seems to be true, that if $P$ is a Sylow p-subgroup of $G$ , then the number of complex irreducible characters of $G$ of degree coprime with $p$ equals the same number for the normalizer $N_{G}(P)$ . This conjecture, called McKay conjecture [55], and its block-theoretic version due to Alperin [1] were generalized by various authors. In [50], Isaacs and Navarro proposed the following refinement of the McKay conjecture: If $k$ is a residue class modulo $p$ different from zero, then the two numbers above should still be equal when we count only those characters having a degree in the residue classes $kor-k$ . In a series of papers [30], [31], [32], Dade developed several conjectures expressing the number of complex irreducible characters with a fixed defect in a given p-block of $G$ in terms of an alternating sum of related values for p-blocks of certain $p\succ 1oca1$ subgroups of $G$ . The ordinary conjecture is the simplest one among others, and the most complicated one is called the inductive form, which implies all the other. If
Deposited in DRO : 07 December 2018 Version of attached

Both when actions are executed and observed, electroencephalography (EEG) has shown reduced alpha-band (8–12 Hz) oscillations over sensorimotor cortex. This ‘μ-alpha’ suppression is thought to reflect mental simulation of action, which has been argued to support internal representation of others’ emotional states. Despite the proposed role of simulation in emotion perception, little is known about the effect of emotional content on μ-suppression. We recorded high-density EEG while participants viewed point-light displays of emotional vs neutral body movements in ‘coherent’ biologically plausible and ‘scrambled’ configurations. Although coherent relative to scrambled stimuli elicited μ-alpha suppression, the comparison of emotional and neutral movement, controlling for basic visual input, revealed suppression effects in both alpha and beta bands. Whereas alpha-band activity reflected reduced power for emotional stimuli in central and occipital sensors, beta power at frontocentral sites was driven by enhancement for neutral relative to emotional actions. A median-split by autism-spectrum quotient score revealed weaker μ-alpha suppression and beta enhancement in participants with autistic tendencies, suggesting that sensorimotor simulation may be differentially engaged depending on social capabilities. Consistent with theories of embodied emotion, these data support a link between simulation and social perception while more firmly connecting emotional processing to the activity of sensorimotor systems.
Reconstructing saturated hydraulic conductivity at the LEO-biosphere hillslope via data assimilation

A data assimilation process is fulfilled to estimate the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity of LEO soil, assimilating the volumetric water content data collected during the first experiment at LEO hillslope. The chosen assimilation methods are EnKF and SIR, and the simulations are fulfilled by means of the coupled hydrological model CATHY. The hillslope is modeled with different degrees of heterogeneity. The results may be improved by assimilating other geophysical data
Dynamic Ruleset Based Online Concurrent Testing of Functional Faults for Embedded Controllers

Concurrent fault testing is mandatory in critical embedded systems like automobile applications. Architectures of concurrent testing are proposed in the present work, where testing is non-intrusive. The concept that embedded program has several tasks is exploited here. The hardware overhead of the test architecture implemented on the controller of OC8051 is minimal. It is easily scalable. Error detection latency is kept at a few cycles and cumulative functional error coverage is 100%. The architectures are compared with the best of the existing methods.
Reputation Risk and Its Impact on the Islamic Banks: Case of the Murabaha

Murabaha to the purchase orderer (MPO) is a rival product in the Islamic banking (IBs) system. It is implemented in the most of IBs. However, there is a controversy among contemporary jurists (Shari’ah Supervisory Board [SSBs]) in the mechanism of the implementation of this product. The objective of this study is to show the controversial issues related to the product of Murabaha and to identify its impact on the bank’s reputation. This study is an exploratory study therefore, based on the literature review relating to the issues of MPO, reputation risk, and non-compliance risk. This study tries to describe and reveal the relationship between reputation and non-compliance risk. As well as revealing the impact of reputation risk on the IB stability and financial performance. It aims to brought the attention of decision-makers regarding consequences of these risks. At the end of this paper, concluded that the IBs like all other corporations, affected by the risks reputation, despite their principles that based on Islamic precepts.
Scaling-up permafrost thermal measurements in western Alaska using an ecotype approach

Abstract. Permafrost temperatures are increasing in Alaska due to climate change and in some cases permafrost is thawing and degrading. In areas where degradation has already occurred the effects can be dramatic, resulting in changing ecosystems, carbon release, and damage to infrastructure. However, in many areas we lack baseline data, such as subsurface temperatures, needed to assess future changes and potential risk areas. Besides climate, the physical properties of the vegetation cover and subsurface material have a major influence on the thermal state of permafrost. These properties are often directly related to the type of ecosystem overlaying permafrost. In this paper we demonstrate that classifying the landscape into general ecotypes is an effective way to scale up permafrost thermal data collected from field monitoring sites. Additionally, we find that within some ecotypes the absence of a moss layer is indicative of the absence of near-surface permafrost. As a proof of concept, we used the ground temperature data collected from the field sites to recode an ecotype land cover map into a map of mean annual ground temperature ranges at 1 m depth based on analysis and clustering of observed thermal regimes. The map should be useful for decision making with respect to land use and understanding how the landscape might change under future climate scenarios.
Strategy of Enhancing Corporate Competitiveness through Operational Digitalization: Case of Axa France

It has been several years since trade was born between companies and different nations, or the World Trade Organization (1994) completed the idea in the context of carrying out their commercial activity without having many barriers. The evolution of the new technology has allowed a new economic boom, in order to reinforce and reinvigorate the capacity of human resources, making a state of place on the digitalization requiring a strategy of the company in the digitization and the practices to the method, going through a feasibility study that the group Axa had looked into, in order to be able to engage in competitiveness. This study has allowed us, therefore, to give concrete proposals related to the situation in which the group is complementing the work that has already been done by our predecessors, to be able to possess economic, political and cultural reforms.
The Role of Exchange Rate and Non-Exchange Rate Related Factors in Polish Firms'Export Performance

This paper analyzes the export performance of Polish manufacturing firms. It focuses on the extensive and intensive margins of exports, on the decision to enter export markets and the intensity of exports, given participation, examining price and non-price determinants of export performance. The analysis relies on two different but complementary sources of data: a panel survey of Polish firms for 2005-13, and an exporter-level customs data set, for the same period, with detailed information on products and destinations. The findings reveal that firms face high sunk costs for entering export markets, and that once these costs have been paid, they depreciate rapidly over time. Strong positive local spillovers are also identified, which help reduce entry costs. Finally, the paper shows that the impact of real exchange rate fluctuations on firms' export performance is dependent of the degree of integration in international production networks.
Growing drift-Alfvén modes in collisional solar plasma

Context. Solar plasmas are structured and stratified both vertically and horizontally. The presence of density gradients and magnetic fields results in an additional wave which can be electrostatic (the drift wave) and electromagnetic (the drift-Alfven wave). Aims. The stability is discussed of the drift-Alfven wave which is driven by the equilibrium density gradient, in both unbounded and bounded, collisional solar plasmas, including the effects of both hot ions and a finite ion Larmor radius. The density gradient in combination with the electron collisions with heavier plasma species is the essential source of the instability of the electrostatic drift mode which is coupled to the dispersive Alfven mode. Methods. An analytical linear normal mode analysis is used for the description of the waves in spatially unlimited plasma. In the application to the magnetic structures the complex eigen-modes and the corresponding complex discrete eigen-frequencies in cylindric, radially inhomogeneous, collisional and bounded plasma are derived and discussed. Results. A detailed derivation of the hot ion (the finite ion Larmor radius) contribution is performed within the two fluid model. In the analysis of modes in an unbounded plasma the exchange of identity between the electrostatic and electromagnetic modes is demonstrated. Due to this, the frequency of the electromagnetic part of the mode becomes very different compared to the case without the density gradient. In the case of a bounded plasma the dispersion properties of modes involve a discrete poloidal mode number, and eigen-functions in terms of Bessel functions with discrete zeros at the boundary. The results are applied to coronal and chromospheric plasmas.
Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on photosynthetic pigments in some filamentous cyanobacteria

The effects of ultraviolet-B irrad~ation on the cyanobacteria Anabaena vanabilis, Osclllat o m tenujs. Nodulana baltica, h' harveyana and Phormid~um unc~natum (Baikal and Tubingen s t r a ~ n ) Indicated that pigmentation and energy transfel to the photosynthetic reaction centers were impaired Absorption and fluorescence spectra showed photobleaching of photosynthetic pigments especially in the accessory antenna plgments wlth prolonged irradiat~on Fluorescence emission and excltation spectra indicated an initial d~s turbance of energy transfer and subsequent photobleachlng of these pigments Exposure to solar and artificial UV-B irradiation lesulted In a very rapid lnhibltion of photosynthetic oxygen exchange as compared to photobleaching, including structural changes In the photosynthetic apparatus
Biology learning evaluation model in Senior High Schools

The study was to develop a Biology learning evaluation model in senior high schools that referred to the research and development model by Borg & Gall and the logic model. The evaluation model included the components of input, activities, output and outcomes. The developing procedures involved a preliminary study in the form of observation and theoretical review regarding the Biology learning evaluation in senior high schools. The product development was carried out by designing an evaluation model, designing an instrument, performing instrument experiment and performing implementation. The instrument experiment involved teachers and Students from Grade XII in senior high schools located in the City of Yogyakarta. For the data gathering technique and instrument, the researchers implemented observation sheet, questionnaire and test. The questionnaire was applied in order to attain information regarding teacher performance, learning performance, classroom atmosphere and scientific attitude; on the other hand, test was applied in order to attain information regarding Biology concept mastery. Then, for the analysis of instrument construct, the researchers performed confirmatory factor analysis by means of Lisrel 0.80 software and the results of this analysis showed that the evaluation instrument valid and reliable. The construct validity was between 0.43-0.79 while the reliability of measurement model was between 0.88-0.94. Last but not the least, the model feasibility test showed that the theoretical model had been supported by the empirical data.