Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between stunting and obesity among under-five children in urban and rural areas of Oyo State , Nigeria

Introduction: Malnutrition contributes to more than one-third of all child deaths worldwide and accounts for over 50 percent of under-five deaths in Nigeria. Both overnutrition and undernutrition exist among under-five children, leading to double burden of malnutrition, a major risk factor for chronic diseases. The study was conducted to assess the association between stunting and obesity among under-five children in urban and rural areas of Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out using a four-stage random sampling technique to select 450 (214 males and 236 females) under-five children from Ibadan North (Urban) and Ido (Rural) Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Oyo State. A pre-tested, intervieweradministered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics of respondents. Weight and height of the children were measured and categorized according to the WHO Child Growth Standards. Results: Mean age of children was 29.8±17.0 months (Ibadan North, 29.1±16.8; Ido, 31.9±17.4 months) with 52.6% being female. The prevalence of stunting, overweight and obesity was 32.9%, 14.4% and 20.2%, respectively. A total of 30.7%, 17.2% and 22.1% of children in Ibadan North and 40.6%, 5.0% and 13.9% in Ido LGA were stunted, overweight and obese, respectively. High proportion of obese children (43.5%) was stunted, indicating co-existence of obesity and stunting among the population. Conclusion: Double burden of overweight and stunting found in urban and rural young children indicate that public policies should emphasise on targeting both malnutrition conditions to prevent the subsequent health risks and complications.
Beyond Usability: A Rubric to Evaluate the Emotional Impact of E-commerce Homepages

Given the popularity of usability testing, why do people still feel uncomfortable interacting with websites? Could it be because usability testing does not address the user experience but rather tends to deal with efficiency and navigation but seldom with experience? The current implementation of usability research heavily relies on quantitative analysis when the nature of the issue is qualitative. Few studies have adequate scope to include both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Activity theory describes several elements involved in human activity. By incorporating Activity Theory with quantitative and qualitative measures of user experience, the designer will be better able to assess the affective impact of a website design. The purpose of this study is to create a suitable instrument to measure and predict affective and experiential aspects of web interaction. The resulting instrument will provide affective data relevant to the overall emotional and experiential response to a website.
A Research Framework for Visually Linking Mobile Services to TV Content

Mobile devices have established as ‘second screens’ used simultaneously while watching traditional broadcasted television. By identifying the currently running telecast, they are able to provide accompanying information and interactive services. One novel way to achieve this synchronization is the visual recognition by pointing a smartphone camera towards the television set. To facilitate the investigation of respective open research questions, we present our ongoing work on an experimentation framework for visually linking mobile services to TV content. We describe its management platform, recognition engine and mobile application prototype and further outline interesting research aspects we plan to address with the described framework. Author
People Living With HIV ' s Experience with Healthcare System and Their Adherence to ART

Background: Seeking for health services and adherence to antiretroviral therapy are still requiring efforts to investigate the barriers that are facing People Living with HIV (PLHIV). Aim: This qualitative study aimed to portray the experience PLHIV with health care system, and their adherence to ART. Subject and Method: A total number of 10 focus group discussions each session included six PLHIV and consumed 30-45 minutes. A purposive sample of 60 PLHIV who had experience with health care services was used. The study was carried out at a dropin center that providing care for PLHIV that affiliated to nongovernmental organization. Results: Three themes described PLHIV experience and satisfaction with health care system. Most of them experienced discrimination and stigmatization behaved by health care providers. Some of them were satisfied with ART services, while others did not adhere to antiretroviral therapy because of the requested personal identification card. Conclusion: The study concluded that the majority of PLHIV could not easily access the health care services and were unacceptable for most of them. They faced several barriers that hindering their adherence to antiretroviral therapy regimen. Recommendations: A decentralized and integrated health care services with engagement of PLHIV in making decision was recommended.
Monitoring and Control of a Tethered Micro-Rover for Planetary Exploration : Results and Lessons Learned

The Nanokhod is a rugged, simple, reliable yet effective rover, to carry instruments in the immediate surroundings of a lander. In order to maximize locomotion efficiency, the Nanokhod carries only what is strictly needed for moving and deploying the instruments. No batteries or other power supply are on the rover, but it is equipped with a tether cable, providing the rover with power and data connection to the lander. This tether is an element of complexity because the control system must keep track of the history of its deployment throughout path planning, simulations and real moves, and their combinations, especially in what-if scenarios exploring different choices for the exploration mission. Development of the Nanokhod is credited to von Hoerner & Sulger (D).
Survey of MANET Attacks , Security Concerns and Measures

Due to the fast changing scenario in field of wireless networking, MANET has emerged as a most promising area of research. MANET is self-organized network of mobile nodes with continuously changing topology. MANET has wide range of applications like military, rescue operations during natural calamities, commercial sectors, local level network/PAN etc. Due to basic characteristic of being ad – hoc, MANET is more prone to attacks. In this paper we will take a brief overview of several routing protocols, Attacks in MANET at different layers, and possible security measures.
J un 2 01 9 Hamiltonian Simulation in the Interaction Picture

We present a low-space overhead simulation algorithm based on the truncated Dyson series for time-dependent quantum dynamics. This algorithm is applied to simulating time-independent Hamiltonians by transitioning to the interaction picture, where some portions are made timedependent. This can provide a favorable complexity trade-off as the algorithm scales exponentially better with derivatives of the time-dependent component than the original Hamiltonian. We show that this leads to an exponential improvement in gate complexity for simulating some classes of diagonally dominant Hamiltonian. Additionally we show that this can reduce the gate-complexity scaling for simulating N-site Hubbard models for time t with arbitrary long-range interactions as well as reduce the cost of quantum chemistry simulations within a similar-sized plane-wave basis to Õ(Nt) from Õ(Nt). We also show a quadratic improvement in query complexity for simulating sparse time-dependent Hamiltonians, which may be of independent interest.
A CMOS mixed signal simultaneous bidirectional signaling I/O

Limited pin counts and achievable bandwidth have become a major limitation to achievable I/O speed of integrated circuits. Previously published current-mode techniques enable I/O circuits to achieve simultaneous bidirectional signaling. This maximizes data rate with minimal I/O power dissipation and minimal I/O pin count. A new I/O circuit fabricated in 2 /spl mu/m CMOS is described in this work which is capable of handling both analog and digital data signals in a simultaneous bidirectional manner. Mixed-signal operation is achieved by using an analog transmitter to steer current in and out of a transmission line with a receiver amplifier recovering the receive signal.
Timespan comparison of dialectal distributions

Traditional Japanese dialectology has held that dialectal distributions are caused by the diffusion of language changes from a central area, as in the dialect radiation theory. If this is true, then we can capture the radial spread of changes in dialectal distributions by surveying an area over a period of time. Since Japanese dialectology has published many dialect maps, we have at least half a century’s excellent geolinguistic data. We have researched the same area with the same methodology of past geolinguistic surveys to compare the dialectal distributions over a timespan of 30 to 50 years. This study shows two main results. The first is that changes in dialectal distributions are neither continual nor gradual. Diffusions are completed in one breath, and the new forms cover each area quickly. The second result is that dialectal distributions do not change easily. Many features have retained their past distributions. These results inform our knowledge of language change and dialect formation. Dialect is a means for people to communicate with one other; once a language change occurs, the change should spread throughout the community to maintain communication. Language change is the unpreferred option, since linguistic variation introduced by language change can impede smooth communication.
Value of Combined Facial Rehabilitation Techniques and Temporomandibular Osteopathy in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), is an autoimmune connective tissue disease, with fibrosis of soft tissues Objective: to evaluate the value of the combined rehabilitation techniques [facial stretching exercises & connective tissue massage, Kabat’s method, and kinesitherapy and manipulative osteopathy] in patients with systemic sclerosis; both clinically and ultrasonographically. Methods: 20 patients were subjected to combined rehabilitation technique and home exercise program (group A) for 8 weeks, and 20 patients (group B) were assigned only for home exercise program for 8 weeks. All patients were assessed at baseline (F0), at the end of the treatment (F1) and after 8 weeks of follow-up (F2). They were evaluated with SF-36, health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), modified Rodnan skin score, mouth opening and Mouth Handicap in Systemic Sclerosis scale (MHISS). TMJ ultrasonography was done for the both groups and for 20 normal controls for comparison. Results: In both groups, SF-36 and HAQ were not affected by the treatment. At F1, both groups improved in mouth opening (p<0.05), and the improvement was maintained at for both groups. Facial skin score improved in (group A) at F1, and maintained at F2 (p<0.05 versus F0), while no change was observed in (group B). MHISS scale improved significantly in (group A) at F1 (p<0.001) only, while no change was found in (group B). Tempromandibular joint (TMJ) ultrasonography data didn’t show any difference neither from the controls nor the two groups at different assessments. Conclusion: The combination of rehabilitation techniques, is more effective than home exercise program alone in the rehabilitative treatment of SSc facial involvement. [Enas A. Elattar, Takwa. B. younes, Sherin M. Hosny and Mohammed S. Hassan. Value of Combined Facial Rehabilitation Techniques and Temporomandibular Osteopathy in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients with Systemic Sclerosis. Life Sci J 2014; 11(12):574-585] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 112
D SPACE VECTOR MODULATION CONTROL OF FOUR-LEG SHUNT ACTIVE POWER FILTER USING pq 0 THEORY

In this paper, the performances of two techniques for generating switching signals for a three-phase four-wire four-leg shunt active power filter are compared under balanced and unbalanced load conditions. The techniques used for this comparative study are the traditional method of the hysteresis control and the method of 3D SVM control. The comparisons are made on the basis of simulations in Matlab/Simulink environment. Through this study, it is shown that the switching losses of the converter and the harmonics of the source current are reduced for the 3D SVM technique. The regulation of the current and voltage is accomplished by PI regulators, with use of the pq0 theory in the αβο-axes for the generation of reference signal harmonic.
An efficient implementation of rolling array based Stream cipher in FPGA

In this paper, we investigate the efficient implementation of rolling array based stream cipher in FPGA. Rolling array is the rotation of each element in an array for each iteration. Rotation means shifting of values to consecutive index. Array rotation can be efficiently implemented in software, whereas, it is time and area consuming process in hardware like FPGA and ASIC. This paper analyze various methodologies to implement rolling array and propose the efficient way, in terms of area and time by comparing the performance in FPGA. To verify the efficiency of methodologies, we applied all methodologies in a cryptographic algorithm RCR32 (Rolling, Constant Rotation32 bit) rolling array based stream cipher and presented its performance in this paper. We use VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Descriptive Language) for implementation and the target device is Xilinx Virtex-4 FX-60 FPGA.
Intestinal incomplete process on the osmoregulation system during Salmo salar smolti fi cation in a productive conditions

Smoltification under intensive aquaculture conditions involves important physiological changes to intestinal structures that facilitate acclimation to hyperosmotic environments. This study evaluated if genic expression of primary contributors during the smoltification process in the intestine are in synchrony with gill Na/KATPase activity. Discordance was found between gill Na/K-ATPase activity levels and intestinal genic expressions. In particular, the intestine showed increased mRNA expression for prolactin, a hormone that participates in hypoosmotic environments, and in mRNA expression of the growth hormone, which mediates the hydromineral balance in hyperosmotic environments. These findings indicate a lack of sufficient intestinal maturation in the fish at the moment when they were transferred to seawater environments in the normal aquaculture practices. This intestinal immaturity is a possible explanation for the high rates of desadapted individuals in the seawater phase in Chilean salmon aquaculture.
Effect of Reduced Exercise Frequency After Exercise Intervention on Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged and Older Women

Advancing age is associated with an increase in arterial stiffness [1]. Arterial stiffness has been shown to be an independent risk factor for arteriosclerosis-related diseases [2-5] and a useful prognostic factor in the general population and patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus [6-9]. Based on these findings, preventing progression of arterial stiffness seems important for the prevention of arteriosclerosis to increase patients’ chances of living a healthy, long life. In the 1990s, the Baltimore study demonstrated that exercise is useful for preventing the progression of arterial stiffness [10]. Subsequently, many studies have reported the association between exercise and arterial stiffness, indicating that exercising two to five times per week reduces arterial stiffness [11-17]. Regarding the duration of exercise, even a relatively short duration of exercise intervention, that is 4 to 8 weeks, reportedly leads to a reduction in arterial stiffness [13,18]. Furthermore, because exercise intervention results in reduced arterial stiffness and increased nitrite/nitrate (NOx) concentrations [19], nitric oxide (NO) appears to be involved in the mechanism through which exercise reduces arterial stiffness. Moreover, several previous studies have revealed that exercise-induced reduction in arterial stiffness disappears after discontinuation of exercise.
AGGRANDIZED TECHNIQUE FOR RECOGNISING OF OFFENSIVE LANGUAGE IN ONLINE NETWORK

Extensive usage of Social media in this modern era provides entirely a new form of social interaction and communication especially among the adolescent and youth population. They tend to converge at social media for sharing their opinions and thoughts on common issues. However, the young people are also vulnerable to cyber-bullying by means of the offensive language which is spilled across the online web. To avoid severe results (mental trauma, stress etc.), it is important to act proactively to detect online bullying activity. This paper discusses an optimized technique to recognize the offensive language in Online Social media, specifically for Twitter. Previous works mostly concentrated on Keyword matching along with intelligent technologies to recognize the whether the published content is cyberbullied or not. In addition, most of the algorithms were tried only on stored dataset. Cyberbullying can be thwarted if the probability of a tweet user to be an abuser could be predicted earlier with a live capturing of data’s from Twitter. This research work proposes an optimized technique for detecting the offensive language in Tweets by Naive Bayesian Text Classification. In addition, FGA logic is used to detect the possibility of abusive Tweet users. This approach is evaluated with data’s from Twitter and the performance of this optimized technique is discussed.
The Extension of the Pointe Noire Breakwater – Congo

The design of the extension of the Pointe Noire breakwater and the optimisation of the crest design by physical model testing are described in this paper.A hybrid construction with interlocking concrete armour units on the slopes in combination with rock armour on the crest was applied for this structure. The model tests demonstrated the advantages of this approach for low crested breakwaters. Following the design of the Pointe-Noire breakwater additional systematic research was conducted based on the stability of Xbloc armour on low crested breakwaters. Based on this research an increase in Xbloc armour unit weight of 50% for structures with relative freeboard of Rc/Hs < +1.0 and of 100% for relative freeboard Rc/Hs < +0.5 is recommended. The results of project specific 3D model tests have been applied successfully to improve the construction methodology of the Pointe Noire breakwater in order to cope with the local conditions including rapid sedimentation of the structure and to manage weather downtime during construction due to the swell conditions.
A Study for Interactive and Multi-Dimensional Visualization of Digital Images

We propose a new interactive visualization of a large set of digital image content using their embedded multi-dimensional meta-information. A prototype is designed and implemented based on the algorithm of D-FLIP, our previous work for flexibly displaying large image collection. We design various dynamic image visualizations with up to 4 dimensional meta-information by using Bertin’s visual variables and 3 dimensional space. The prototype offers several interfaces allowing users to dynamically and effectively manage photo visualizations by selecting meta-information of user’s current needs and interest. We also discuss its possible applications for content observation and search.
Interactive Information Retrieval in Digital Environments

The emergence of the Internet allows millions of people to use a variety of electronic information retrieval systems, such as: digital libraries, Web search engines, online databases, and online public access catalogs. Interactive Information Retrieval in Digital Environments provides theoretical framework in understanding the nature of information retrieval, and offers implications for the design and evolution of interactive information retrieval systems. Interactive Information Retrieval in Digital Environments includes the integration of existing frameworks on user-oriented information retrieval systems across multiple disciplines; the comprehensive review of empirical studies of interactive information retrieval systems for different types of users, tasks, and subtasks; and the discussion of how to evaluate interactive information retrieval systems. Researchers, designers, teachers, scholars, and professionals will gain the foundation for new research on this subject matter, and guidance to evaluate new information retrieval systems for the general public as well as for specific user groups.
Knowledge networks and internationalization of innovative activity across European and Neighboring countries

The recent resurgence of growth studies has clearly established that technological progress and knowledge accumulation are among the most important factors in determining the performance of regional and national economic systems. In particular, it is clear that the success of lagging poor countries is strongly influenced by the capacity to absorb knowledge and technologies from rich industrialised countries. Nonetheless, few empirical studies have tried to analyse directly knowledge flows between the group of advanced and the group of developing economies, mainly because of the lack of adequate indicators. In this paper we propose original, exploratory evidence on the characteristics of knowledge flows of European Neighbouring Countries (ENC) based on a statistical databank, set up by CRENoS, on patenting and citations at the European Patent Office and at the Patent Cooperation Treaty according to the place of residence of either the inventors or the applicant. We consider the 16 European Neighbouring Countries and their relationships with European Union, with the United States, with Japan and with other ENC’s. We also use data provided by WIPO, which distinguish patents at National Patent Offices according to the residence of applicant. We, therefore, use four proxies for knowledge flows across countries, the former three are based on patent at PCT and EPO whilst the latter refer to National Patent Offices. a) inand out-flows of patent citations b) cooperation links due to partnerships in the inventive activity c) relationships between applicants and inventors d) non resident patents at National Patent Offices The analysis is mainly descriptive and aims at unfolding the main characteristics of this