Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-resolution isotopic simulations from ECHAM6-wiso nudged with ERA5 reanalyses: new products for isotopic model-data comparisons

<p>For several decades, the comparison of climate data with results from water isotope-enabled Atmosphere General Circulation Models (AGCMs) significantly helped to a better understanding of the processes ruling the water cycle, which is one of the main drivers of the climate variability. For the modern period, the use of AGCMs nudged with weather forecasts reanalyses is a powerful way to obtain model outputs under the same weather conditions than at the sampling time of the observations. </p><p>Here we present new isotopic simulations results from ECHAM6-wiso [1] nudged with the last reanalyses dataset from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), ERA5 [2], at different spatial resolutions over the period 1979-2018. Model results are evaluated against isotopic data compilations, including GNIP (Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation [3]), speleothems [4], ice cores datasets and water vapor measurements. To quantify the impact of these reanalyses on our simulations, we also performed nudged simulations with the previous model version ECHAM5-wiso [5] by using ERA5 data and its predecessor ERA-Interim [6]. </p><p>These new simulation products could be a useful contribution to the isotopic data community for the interpretation of their water isotope records and for the exploration of the mechanisms controlling the variability of the surrounding water isotopic composition. </p><p>&#160;</p><p>[1] Cauquoin et al., Clim. Past, <strong>15</strong>, 1913&#8211;1937, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1913-2019, 2019. </p><p>[2] Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), 2017. </p><p>[3] IAEA, the GNIP Database, available at: https://nucleus.iaea. org/wiser. </p><p>[4] Comas-Bru et al., Clim. Past, <strong>15</strong>, 1557&#8211;1579, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1557-2019, 2019. </p><p>[5] Werner et al., Geosci. Model Dev. , <strong>9</strong>, 647&#8211;670, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-647-2016, 2016. </p><p>[6] Dee et al., Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , <strong>137</strong>, 553&#8211;597, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.828, 2011. </p>
Functional characterization of the effector protein SteA of "Salmonella" Typhimurium through heterologous expression in "Saccharomyces cerevisiae"

Salmonella enterica es un patogeno bacteriano intracelular facultativo que causa una amplia variedad de enfermedades en humanos (Figueira & Holden, 2012). La virulencia de S. enterica se basa en la translocacion de dos conjuntos de efectores bacterianos en las celulas huesped a traves de sistemas de secrecion de tipo 3 (T3SS) codificados por las 2 islas de patogenicidad SPI-1 y SPI-2. Los efectores del T3SS de la SPI-1 permiten a las bacterias invadir la celula huesped, mientras que los efectores del T3SS de la SPI-2 son responsables de la replicacion intracelular y supervivencia de Salmonella dentro de una vacuola llamada Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) (Figueira y Holden, 2012; LaRock et al., 2015). SteA esta entre el grupo de efectores de Salmonella que pueden ser translocados tanto por el T3SS de la SPI-1 como el de laSPI- 2 (Geddes et al., 2005; Cardenal-Munoz y Ramos-Morales, 2011). Los mutantes carentes de este efector en S. Typhimurium muestran atenuacion de la virulencia en modelos murinos de infeccion sistemica (Geddes et al., 2005, Lawley et al., 2006). Sin embargo, a pesar de su importancia para la patogenesis de S. Typhimurium, se han publicado pocos estudios sobre la funcion de SteA. Se ha descrito que SteA se localiza en la red trans-Golgi (TGN) cuando se expresa ectopicamente en celulas de mamifero no infectadas o se secreta por S. Typhimurium en celulas infectadas (Geddes et al., 2005). Sin embargo, en un estudio diferente, se demostro que el efector SteA translocado por la bacteria se localiza en los filamentos inducidos por Salmonella (SIFs) enriquecidos en el marcador del TGN 1,4-galactosiltransferasa (GalT) (Van Engelenburg & Palmer, 2010). Ademas, SteA contribuye al control de la dinamica de la membrana de la SCV y a la formacion de SIFs, ya que las celulas infectadas con un mutante ΔsteA muestran menos SIFs, aumento de la agrupacion de SCVs y vacuolas morfologicamente anormales que contienen mas de una bacteria (Domingues et al., 2014).
Investigation of the effect of experimental polycystic ovarian syndrome induced by stradiolvalerate on oocyte quality and in vitro fertilization potential and evaluation of vitamin E supplementation to emryo culture in mouse model

Background & Aims: One of the most common causes of infertility in women is ovarian causes, especially polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, in patient with PCOS, the number of oocytes taken increased during the IVF, but these oocytes have often low quality, which ultimately leads to reduce fertilization potential. The aim of this research was investigation of PCOS on oocytes quality and potential of IVF and and evaluation of the effect of vitamin E supplementation to embryonic culture medium, as well. Materials & Methods: In this experimental syudy100 female mice were divided into 2 groups: PCOS and control. To create an experimental PCOS stradiolvalerate injected itraperitonealy (100mg/kg). After 8 weeks IVF process was performed and the quality of oocytes, fertilization rate and embryo development process were evaluated. Finally, the effect of vitamin E with doses of 100, 200, 400 micromol, (p<0.05) were investigated in embryo culture. Results: Comparison of results showed that experimental PCOS group showed a significant decreasein oocyte quality and fertilization, dualcell, blastocyst and significant increase in lysis and fragmentation in stopped embryos, on the other hand lysis and fragmentation, reduction of percentage and type of stopped embryos in presence of 100 and 200 micromole vitamin E concentrations were significantly in compare with PCOS group (p<0.05). Discussion & Conclusion: Finally it can be concluded that experimental PCOS decreases the quality of oocytes and IVF and the addition of vitamin E to fetal culture medium as antioxidant can improve fertility.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of Powdery mildew Resistance between two Melon (Cucumis melo L) with Different Thickness Peel

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is wildly planted in the world and China is a major producer of muskmelon. Powdery mildew is one of the most common fungal diseases in the world and this disease frequently affects melon (Cucumis melo L.) and due to the reduction of melon yield. In this study, one material GanTianmi with thin peel and another material XueLianHua with thick peel were selected. After inoculating the powdery mildew, both materials were used to do the RNA-Seq. In total two RNA-seq libraries were constructed and sequenced separately. The reads per kilobase per Million mapped reads (RPKM) values of all the genes in the two materials were calculated and there were 13828 genes were expressed in the material G and 13944 genes were expressed in the material S (RPKM>1). The differentially expression gene (DEG) analysis result suggested that total 769 the DEGs between the two materials were identified. All the DEGs were annotated with several database and the transcript factors (TFs) that related to disease resistance such as MYB, ERF and WRKY among the DEGs were also identified. This research could not only provide the information about understanding the mechanism of powdery mildew infection but also help researchers breed the varieties with powdery mildew resistance.
Influence of Organic and Inorganic Top Dressing Fertilization on Production Characteristics of Ruzi Grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) in Thailand

This experiment was aimed to investigate the production characteristics and nutritive quality of Ruzi grass by varying levels of organic and inorganic fertilizer viz. cow dung (CD) and urea fertilizer (UF), respectively. The treatments were arranged into a factorial design and grouped according to a completely randomized design with three replications. Three doses of CD (0; 5; and 10 t/ha) were applied at sowing and four UF doses were applied as top dressing (0, 25, 50 and 100 kg/ha). The application of CD and UF have a positive effect on the length of leaves (p=0.00 and p=0.02) but their interactions are not significantly different (p=0.12). The effect of CD, UF and their interaction significantly increased the number of leaves (p=0.00), the number of tillers (p=0.00) and dry matter yield (p=0.00). There were no significant effect of CD and interaction on the leaf/stem ratio (p=0.17 and p=0.23, respectively) but UF slightly increased the ratio (p=0.00), CP% (p£0.00), NDF% (p£0.00) and ADF% (p£0.00). The best combination of fertilizer could be noted at 50 kg/ha UF and 10 t/ha CD to obtain better results. It might recommend that better fertilizer management can improve productivity as well as the nutritional quality of Ruzi grass.
EFECTO DE Fusarium circinatum EN LA GERMINACIÓN Y CRECIMIENTO DE PLÁNTULAS DE Pinus greggii EN TRES SUSTRATOS

espanolLa enfermedad de la secadera afecta en pre-emergencia, post- emergencia y causa constriccion del tallo y pudricion de la raiz en plantas desarrolladas en viveros forestales. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron identificar morfologica y molecularmente la especie de Fusarium que afecta al vivero de Atlangatepec, Tlaxcala, que causa secadera y pudricion de raiz en Pinus greggii Engelm. , evaluar su efecto en la germinacion de semillas en tres sustratos y analizar la incidencia y patogenicidad en plantulas en desarrollo. El hongo Fusarium sp. se aislo de plantulas enfermas, se purifico e identifico por su morfologia y molecularmente como F. circinatum Nirenberg & O’Donnell. Los sustratos fueron turba de musgo, perlita y vermiculita (S1), aserrin, corteza y turba de musgo (S2) y corteza, aserrin y turba de musgo (S3) y se evaluaron en proporciones de 60:20:20. El diseno experimental fue completamente al azar, con seis tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones cada uno. El analisis estadistico del porcentaje de germinacion se realizo con ANDEVA y la comparacion de medias con la prueba de Duncan (p  0.05). El hongo redujo significativamente la germinacion de semillas de P. greggii . La incidencia de la enfermedad fue menor en S2, en los primeros dos meses y su patogenicidad en post-emergencia se comprobo con la induccion de sintomas y reaislamientos de F. circinatum EnglishThe drying disease affects plants grown in forest nurseries during the pre-emergence and post-emergence stages, constricting the stem and causing root rot. The objectives of this study were to identify the morphological and molecular characteristics of the Fusarium species that affects the nursery located in Atlangatepec, Tlaxcala, which causes the drying disease and root rot of Pinus greggii Engelm. , to evaluate its effect in the germination of seeds in three substrates, and to analyse the incidence and pathogenicity of developing seedlings. The Fusarium fungus was isolated from diseased seedlings, it was purified, and, based on its morphology and molecular structure, as identified as F. circinatum Nirenberg & O’Donnell. The substrates were: peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite (S1); sawdust, bark, and peat moss (S2); and bark, sawdust, and peat moss (S3); they were evaluated in 60:20:20 ratios. The experiment had a completely randomized design, with six treatments and four repetitions per each one. The statistical analysis of the germination percentage was executed with ANOVA and the means comparison was carried out using the Duncan test (p  0.05). The fungus produced a significant reduction in the germination of P. greggii’s seeds. Disease incidence was lower in S2, during the first two months, and its post-emergence pathogenicity was proved by the induction of symptoms and reisolations of F. circinatum .
Assessing the Effectiveness of Resident Water Quality Improvement Practice Adoption on Non-Point Source Pollution Across Urban-to-Rural Landscapes in NW Indiana

Effective control of nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is critical for the long-term health of freshwater ecosystems. Previous research has focused primarily on the implementation of best management practices (BMPs) to reduce NPS pollution from agricultural or urban land uses. However, there is a critical need to incorporate landowner willingness to adopt BMPs to more accurately quantify the cumulative water quality improvement potential at the watershed scale. This project sent out 2866 surveys to ascertain the background knowledge and likely adoption levels of various BMP types by residents within the East Branch—Little Calumet River and Trail Creek watersheds in Northwest Indiana. The survey divided the population into 5 resident groups including urban, suburban, rural residential, row crop agricultural, and pastural. Loads of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sediment generated from these resident groups were quantified with the Generalized Watershed Loading Function – Enhanced (GWLF-E) hydrologic model under BMP implementation scenarios guided by the survey responses. Results show that row crop agriculture and urban land uses generated the greatest amount of N (54-75%) and sediment (37-62%) in these watersheds, respectively. Cover crops were the greatest reducer of watershed N (14.4-20.6%) and TP (6.0-15.9%) under full implementation. However, application to the likely adoption level (27.8%) of cover crops generated only 6.5-9.3% of N and 2.7-7.1% P reduction. Porous pavement was the most effective sediment reducing practice (12.0-12.7%), but the low level of likely adoption (3.7%) allowed only 0.4-0.5% reduction of watershed sediment. Resident group area, loading rates, background knowledge levels, and location within the watershed are shown to be important considerations for BMP selection and education efforts by watershed managers to improve water quality.
Machine Learning Based Detection of False Data Injection Attacks in Wide Area Monitoring Systems

The Smart Grid (SG) is an upgraded, intelligent, and a more reliable version of the traditional Power Grid due to the integration of information and communication technologies. The operation of the SG requires a dense communication network to link all its components. But such a network renders it prone to cyber attacks jeopardizing the integrity and security of the communicated data between the physical electric grid and the control centers. One of the most prominent components of the SG are Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS). WAMS are a modern platform for grid-wide information, communication, and coordination that play a major role in maintaining the stability of the grid against major disturbances. In this thesis, an anomaly detection framework is proposed to identify False Data Injection (FDI) attacks in WAMS using different Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques, i.e., Deep Autoencoders (DAE), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and One-Class Support Vector Machine (OC-SVM). These algorithms leverage diverse, complex, and high-volume power measurements coming from communications between different components of the grid to detect intelligent FDI attacks. The injected false data is assumed to target several major WAMS monitoring applications, such as Voltage Stability Monitoring (VSM), and Phase Angle Monitoring (PAM). The attack vector is considered to be smartly crafted based on the power system data, so that it can pass the conventional bad data detection schemes and remain stealthy. Due to the lack of realistic attack data, machine learning-based anomaly detection techniques are used to detect FDI attacks. To demonstrate the impact of attacks on the realistic WAMS traffic and to show the effectiveness of the proposed detection framework, a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) co-simulation testbed is developed. The performance of the implemented techniques is compared on the testbed data using different metrics: Accuracy, F1 score, and False Positive Rate (FPR) and False Negative Rate (FNR). The IEEE 9-bus and IEEE 39-bus systems are used as benchmarks to investigate the framework scalability. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed models in detecting FDI attacks in WAMS.
Construcción y validación de un instrumento de observación de clases de probabilidad

The process of construction and validation of a tool to observe students at lectures on probability in Primary Education is here presented. Firstly, the specific dimensions, components and levels in the construction process are described; secondly, the results of the content validity process are exposed through expert judgment and subsequent application; and finally, we reflect on the double functionality of the instrument: 1) to improve the knowledge of mathematics teachers when teaching probability; 2) to promote their professional development, with the purpose of designing intervention plans that contribute to the improvement of the teaching of probability.
Contributions to the Computational Processing of Diachronic Linguistic Corpora

Computer-assisted corpus linguistics is one of the main points of convergence between linguistic and computational methods. In particular, the use of diachronic linguistic corpora provides opportunities for the quantitative analysis of phenomena concerning language change through time. This dissertation offers contributions to three of the stages of the research involving diachronic corpora: (a) corpus building and compilation; (b) designing of tools and algorithms for data exploration; and (c) data analysis for linguistic, cultural and historical research. Two resources are first presented: a Web scraper of comments from news portals; and a diachronic corpus composed of comments published in a news website. Then, I propose a generalizable method to assist in the identification of periods of establishment and obsolescence of linguistic items in a diachronic corpus based on the frequency of these items in the corpus. This method may be employed for the analysis of any collection of linguistic items, regardless of language or historical period. Finally, I describe how diachronic corpora might be used for quantitative linguistic investigation by proposing a framework centered on the investigation of vocabulary through a diachronic approach, and demonstrate its applicability by analyzing the use of the term 'fake news' in the media.
Local-spectrum-modified fast reactor cores with hydrides

the application of different hydride materials to core components except for the driver fuel assembly is studied to achieve high core performances for fast reactor by reducing neutron energy and increasing reaction rates locally. The mixtures of absorber materials such as Gd and Zr-hydride are employed to control materials to increase reactivity worth. An optimized composition and layout of the control materials has shown the feature of burnable poison even in the fast reactor where the reaction rate of absorber nuclides is increased enough to annihilate themselves at the end of cycles. The radial blanket made of the mixture of oxide uranium and Zr hydride is examined to decrease the required thickness as well as to achieve a non-proliferation feature in plutonium isotope compositions in discharged fuels. The shielding performance of radial shield made of Zr-hydride is evaluated to decrease the whole core diameter. Special fuel assemblies mixed with minor actinides and Zr-hydride located at the core peripherals are studied to transmute the minor actinides to fissionable materials effectively. The results has indicates that the application of the hydride materials will increase the core performances twice or triple in general. (authors)
How to manage business ethics effectively?

The main purpose of this paper is exploring ways to manage business ethics effectively. To achieve this, first of all, the paper reviews the concepts and importance of business ethics together with its components, such as corporate ethics codes and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Next, five ways to manage business ethics efficiently are revealed. Based on these suggested ways, the paper recommends four practical actions for managers to have good management skills in this field. These recommendations are setting up an effective corporate ethics code, acting and behaving ethically in any circumstances, setting up rules and regulations, and advancing CSR in a very wise way. The paper concludes with two issues for future researchers: whether corporations need a business ethics manager/ specialist, and how companies motivate their employees to act ethically.
Temporal variability of the macroinvertebrate community associated with Eichhornia azurea (Swarts) Kunth (Pontederiaceae) in a lake marginal to a tropical river

Aquatic macroinvertebrates have a close relationship with associated floating macrophytes, especially with the roots. The plant root mass is an environment favorable to the development of the macroinvertebrate fauna, supplying both food resources and refuge against predators. The present study aimed to analyze the structure of the macroinvertebrate community associated with the roots of Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth (Pontederiaceae) in a lake marginal to a tropical river. Sampling was performed quarterly in three stands of E. azurea. One plant specimen was selected from each stand and five root mass samples were collected. The study was carried out in an extremely rainy year, with high rainfall in July, when the river level increased quickly, causing an extreme inundation and an increase in the root biomass of E. azurea . A higher abundance of macroinvertebrates was found in April, around four to five times the total density of the other periods. Taxa richness presented no significant temporal differences. Oligochaeta and Chironomidae were the predominant group of invertebrates in all periods. The extraordinary flood in June? July caused a modification in the macroinvertebrate fauna (an increase in the abundance and a reduction in the taxon richness), and was apparently a controlling factor for the community structure.
Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Various Window Parameters on the Thermal Performance of a Double Glaze Window in the Climatic Region of Libya

This study presents a numerical analysis of the effe ct of window parameters on the thermal performance of double gla zed windows in the climatic region of Libya. A 2D model of a double gl aze window was developed, meshed and solved using a commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent V15.0. The window was exposed to temperatures representing the highest and lowest temperature in the Libyan capita l of Tripoli for the (∗) Email: Alhosaintaher@gmail.com Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Various Window Parameters ______________ University Bulletin – ISSUE No.22Vol. (1) – March2020. 2 year 2016. Parameters that were investigated are t he windows gas space thickness, gas filling where air and argon were stu died and compared and frame material with U-pvc, wood and aluminum us ed for this study. Results show that increasing the gas space thicknes s increases the windows thermal performance, until however, the opt imum space thickness is reached, after which the effect of inc reasing the gap thickness brings diminishing returns. Argon was proven to hav e a much better thermal performance than air and U-pvc had the best thermal performance followed by wood and aluminum.
PERAMALAN PENDAPATAN REKSA DANA DALAM SETAHUN MENGGUNAKAN METODE REGRESI LINIER SEDERHANA

Maraknya tren Reksa Dana di masyarakat, menimbulkan banyaknya perusahaan yang membangun investas Reksa Dana. Reksa Dana adalah salah satu jenis investasi yang paling mudah dikarenakan tidak perlunya kemampuan khusus dalam bidang investasi untuk para penanam modal. Tetapi sebagai pemodal juga perlu melihat grafik pendapatan Reksa Dana miliknya. Pendapatan ini dihasilkan oleh transaksi atau prilaku pemodal terhadap investasi tersebut. Sistem Peramalan Reksa Dana Dalam Setahun dapat membantu para pemodal untuk melihat laporan pendapatan Reksa Dana mereka dalam setahun berupa grafik, yaitu dengan diagram garis. Grafik ini membantu pemodal untuk mengambil keputusan atas investasinya tersebut. Kata kunci: reksa dana, regresi, peramalan