Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid Peroxidation in Human Stratum Corneum Lipid Liposomes Induced by Artificially Generated UV Radiation and Natural Sunlight. Dependence on Lipid Composition

AbstractThe human stratum corneum is exposed permanently to solar ultraviolet light. UV radiation is able to induce lipid peroxidation. In the presented study, liposomes prepared from human stratum corneum lipids as well as from synthetic lipid mixtures were exposed to UV radiation. The UV-induced oxidation was followed by quantification of lipid oxidation products (malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxides) as well as by the oxygen consumption. As described previously, high cholesterol concentrations in the vesicle membranes led to an increased formation of lipid hydroperoxides. In addition, the malondialdehyde generation was decreased (Lasch, J., U. Schonfelder, S. Zellmer, M. Walke and D. Beckert (1997) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1349 (2), 171–181). However, the total oxygen consumption during the UV irradiation was not influenced by the cholesterol concentration. A possible antioxidative effect of cholesterol is discussed. To clarify the mechanism of oxidation, cholesterol oxidation products were analyzed .
Studies on the Nature of the Immune Adherence Receptor

Studies were made on the inhibitory effects of various substances on haemagglutination due to immune adherence of sheep erythrocyte‐antibody‐complement complexes (EAC′) to human erythrocytes. Two methods of measuring inhibition were tested. The more satisfactory of these was semi‐quantitative and involved determination of the number of EAC′ complexes, formed with a fixed amount of complement, required to produce immune adherence haemagglutination in the presence and in the absence of inhibitor. Ghosts prepared by lysis of normal human erythrocytes in distilled water or by freezing and thawing inhibited immune adherence haemagglutination. Ghosts from non‐reactive animal or human erythrocytes or from papain‐treated human erythrocytes did not inhibit immune adherence haemagglutination. Ageing of erythrocytes in vitro was accompanied by loss of inhibitory power of ghosts prepared from them. Some mucoids extracted from human erythrocytes and most samples of mucopeptides extracted from human erythrocytes were inhibitory. Comparison of the inhibitory power of ghosts and mucopeptides indicated that considerable loss of activity occurred during extraction. It is suggested that the immune adherence receptor was partially degraded during extraction and that the mucopeptides acted as ‘incomplete analogues' of the receptor. It is considered more likely that the immune adherence receptor lies in the peptide part of such material than in the carbohydrate part. Neuraminic acid had no inhibitory activity. Active inhibitors were also extracted from bovine erythrocytes and human platelets, which do not react in immune adherence. The possibility is suggested that the immune adherence receptor may be present but masked or present in incomplete form on some non‐reactive cells.
Comparison of acute toxicity of process chemicals used in the oil refinery industry, tested with the diatom Chaetoceros Gracilis, the flagellate Isochrysis Galbana, and the zebra fish, Brachydanio Rerio

Chemicals under the trade names Nalco 537-DA, Nalco 625, Nalco 7607, Nalco 5165, Ivamin, and technical monoethanolamine are used extensively in the oil refinery industry. Aquatic toxicity tests were conducted using zebra fish fry (Brachydanio rerio) and the unicellular algae Isochrysis galbana (a flagellate) and Chaetoceros gracilis (a diatom). Inhibition of cell division, chlorophyll content, and 14CO2 uptake in the algae were sensitive end points. The effective concentrations (EC50s) of growth inhibition were 0.1 mg/L (Ivamin; I. galbana), 0.8 mg/L (Nalco 7607; I. galbana), 6 mg/L (Nalco 625; I. galbana), 10 mg/L (Nalco 5165; C. gracilis), and 15 mg/L (Nalco 537-DA; C. gracilis). The lethal concentrations (LC50s) (96 h) toward zebra fish fry was 1 mg/L for Nalco 7607, 6.5 mg/L for Nalco 537-DA, 7.1 mg/L for Nalco 625, and 20 mg/L for Ivamin 803. Monoethanolamine had an LC50 higher than 5,000 mg/L. Nalco 5165 was not tested on fish fry. The heartbeat frequency of fish embryos was reduced by 2.5 mg/L Nalco 537-DA, but this was an insensitive end point for the other chemicals.
Shellsim: A Generic Model of Growth and Environmental Effects Validated Across Contrasting Habitats in Bivalve Shellfish

ABSTRACT Previous shellfish models have, in general, been calibrated for 1 location, unable to simulate growth across habitats that contrast in seston abundance and composition, as may vary between turbid, eutrophic and oligotrophic waters. Here, we describe the generic shellfish model ShellSIM, demonstrating how a common parameter set simulates growth effectively on calibration in the mussel Mytilus edulis and oyster Crassostrea gigas during normal culture across 9 different locations in Europe and China. Options enable the user to assess the relative values of chlorophyll a (CHL, measured in micrograms per liter), total particulate organic matter (POM; measured in milligrams per liter), and total particulate organic carbon (POC; measured in milligrams per liter) as codescriptors of the food available at separate locations. Using CHL as the sole proxy for available organics, together with an average carbon-to-CHL ratio of 50, growth in both M. edulis and C. gigas was predicted accurately at only 5 locations, primarily those with relatively low average food availability. In contrast, more than 74% of the observed variance in growth was predicted across all 9 locations in each species on inclusion of dynamic relations defining ingestion and absorption of both CHL-rich and all remaining organic matter such as may include bacteria, protozoans, colloids, and/or detritus, thereby helping to account for temporal and spatial changes in dietary composition. The energy content of the remaining organic matter (measured in Joules per milligram) ranged seasonally across all sites from about 2–25 J/mg, and could be predicted with growth from the relative abundance of CHL and POM alone, proving a viable alternative to more technically demanding measures of POC. Fractional contributions of the remaining organic matter to the energy absorbed in both species at each location ranged from less than about 0.4 during the spring to more than 0.8 from late autumn, in negative relation with CHL, thus helping to offset tissue wasting during winter months. We acknowledge model uncertainties, emphasizing the need to balance practicality and affordability against required accuracies. Last, we describe how the generic and multi-site capabilities afforded by ShellSIM, together with real-time outputs ready for integrated modeling of how shellfish influence ecosystem properties and processes, are saving time and resources across a variety of applications.
Pengaruh Flexible Work Arrangement Terhadap Ethical Decision Making : Peran Employee Engagement Sebagai Mediator

Semakin banyaknya jumlah perempuan yang bekerja mengarahkan organisasi untuk melakukan perubahan yang besar dalam mengelola sumber daya manusia dan juga peraturan yang berlaku (Ugargol et al., 2016). Disertai dengan peningkatan penggunaan teknologi dalam organisasi juga menjadikan banyak organisasi yang menerapkan pengaturan kerja yang fleksibel. Berbagai penelitian menjelaskan dampak dari penerapan pengaturan kerja fleksibel yang menunjukkan hasil yang bertentangan dikarenakan minimnya pengawasan. Hal ini membuat hubungan antara penerapan fleksibilitas kerja dengan pengambilan keputusan secara etis menjadi topik yang penting untuk diteliti, terutama di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara pengaturan kerja fleksibel (Flexible Work Arrangement) dengan pengambilan keputusan secara etis (Ethical Decision Making) yang dimediasi oleh keterlibatan karyawan (Employee Engagement). Penelitian yang dilakukan kepada 301 orang partisipan menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan kerja fleksibel berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pengambilan keputusan secara etis melalui keterlibatan karyawan. Sehingga penerapan pengaturan kerja fleksibel dapat menjadi anteseden untuk keterlibatan karyawan yang akan dapat meningkatkan pengambilan keputusan etis pada karyawan di dalam organisasi.Kata Kunci: Flexible work arrangement;Ethical Decision Making;Employee Engagement
Observational study to correlate BMI with low back pain in young adults

Introduction: Low back pain is a common condition comprising a major health problem worldwide & will eventually affect almost everyone in life, men and women equally. In the present generation Overweight and obesity a major health hazard and predisposing to major non communicable disease. Young adults between 20-30yrs presenting with low back ache were taken and measured BMI with standard method. Results: In our the study correlation of low back pain in relation to the duration and BMI was analyzed, in which we observed as the BMI increases the duration of LBA also increases. Conclusion: our study the strong association of body mass index in relationship with development of low back ache in young adults of both genders is greatly implicated.
Limited evidence of local phylogenetic clustering in the urban flora of Brussels

As species functioning is not randomly distributed with respect to phylogeny, we should expect that species assemblages, which are subject to the same environmental filters, often possess a clustered phylogenetic structure. This locally clustered phylogenetic structure is usually detected with randomization tests. In this paper we apply a test of community phylogenetic clustering that takes into account the non-random distribution of species frequency across the phylogeny of the urban flora of Brussels (Belgium). Our results provide only moderate support to the idea that a locally clustered phylogenetic structure is central to the coarse-scale patterns of species co-occurrence of this urban area. The abiotic drivers that promote a locally clustered phylogeny in cities like Brussels are also shortly discussed.
Early detection of plant disease using infrared thermal imaging

By using imaging techniques, plant physiological parameters can be assessed without contact with the plant and in a non-destructive way. During plant-pathogen infection, the physiological state of the infected tissue is altered, such as changes in photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, accumulation of Salicylic acid (SA) and even cell death. In this study, the different temperature distribution between the leaves infected by tobacco mosaic virus strain-TMV-U1 and the noninfected leaves was visualized by digital infrared thermal imaging with the microscopic observations of the different structure within different species tomatoes. Results show a presymptomatic decrease in leaf temperature about 0.5-1.3 °C lower than the healthy leaves. The temperature difference allowed the discrimination between the infected and healthy leaves before the appearance of visible necrosis on leaves.
The Adaptive Significance of Tetrapod Gait Selection

At the slow walk tetrapods avoid lateral couplets gaits to minimize support by ipsilateral bipods. Most of them use the lateral sequence because tripods then make larger triangles than for the diagonal sequence. Of the running symmetrical gaits the single foots (in each sequence) permit the smoothest and fastest travel without suspensions. The trot and pace allow two legs to thrust in unison, the former giving the most stability to animals not placing the feet well under the body and the latter avoiding interference for long legged runners. The bound and half bound are most used by small agile mammals for bursts of speed and for maneuvering on rough terrain by a series of leaps. Such animals use the extended suspension. Large cursors on open terrain usually select the shorter more economical, gathered suspension. The fastest runners use both suspensions to gain long strides. At moderate speed the transverse gallop has the advantages over the rotary gallop that both bipods and tripods are more stable and that interference may be avoided. At high speed using both suspensions, none of these advantages pertains. The rotary gallop may then increase maneuverability.
Cyclops Kikuchii Smirnov, 1932 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida), Eine Selbständige Art Aus Süddeutschen Gewässern

The hitherto existing subspecies Cyclops vicinus kikuchii Smirnov, 1932 was originally described by materials from Japan; later it was found in Russia, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. Compared with Cyclops vicinus Uljanin, 1875 the subspecies is characterized mainly by the short inner furcal seta (no. 1) in proportion to furcal and body length. According to Wierzbicka (1934) both types could interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Materials collected in an old reservoir, the "Neuweiher" near Meersburg (Lake Constance), and further in Lake Seeg and in the "Schwaltenweiher" (southern Bavaria), allowed morphological and morphometrical studies (fig. 1, tab. I), completed by comparative chromatin diminution and enzyme electrophoresis. The morphological studies (tab. I) confirmed the differences in length of the inner furcal seta compared with C. vicinus. The only five specimens from Lake Seeg at least indicate the probability of a seasonal variation. The course of chromatin diminution (fig. 2) appears identical in qualitative aspects for both cyclopids. In the enzyme electrophoresis remarkable differences were found in GOT (glutamate oxaloacetate transferase), APK (arginine phosphokinase) and PGM (phosphoglucomutase) (fig. 3). Together with the morphological details and the sympatric occurrence with C. vicinus in Lake Seeg and in the "Schwaltenweiher", these results confirm the separate status of the species Cyclops kikuchii Smirnov, 1932. This species passes its diapause during summer in the fifth copepodid instar, while C. vicinus aestivates in the fourth instar.
Remote sensing data can improve predictions of species richness by stacked species distribution models: a case study for Mexican pines

Remote sensing data have been used in a growing number of studies to directly predict species richness or to improve the performance of species distribution models (SDMs), but their suitability for stacked species distribution models (S‐SDMs) remains unclear. In this case study, we evaluated the potential and limitations of remotely sensed data in S‐SDMs and addressed the commonly observed overestimation of species richness by S‐SDMs.
CANDIDA PSEUDOINTERMEDIA SP. NOV., ISOLATED FROM "KAMABOKO, " A TRADITIONAL FISH-PASTE PRODUCT IN JAPAN

A new yeast, Candida pseudointermedia, was isolated from "Kamaboko, " a traditional fish-paste product in Japan, and its description was given. This yeast has a GC content in DNA of 44.4-44.9%, forms a mannan whose proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum has five signals in H-1 region, and agglutinates with factor antisera corresponding to antigens of 1, 4, 6, and 24, whose pattern is closely related to that of Candida intermedia.
Seismic communication in the blind subterranean mole‐rat: patterns of head thumping and of their detection in the Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies in Israel

Patterns of seismic communication and somatosensory responses were studied in four chromosomal species (2n= 52, 54, 58, 60) of blind subterranean mole-rats, belonging to the Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies in Israel. The patterns involved head thumping signals and surface-recorded cerebral potentials evoked by vibrational signals. The patterns correspond to the differences in territory size and population density which characterize the four species. It is suggested that this correspondence is related to the adaptive significance of the seismic communication.
Habitat associations and breeding bird community composition within the city of Bristol, UK

Capsule Different urban breeding bird communities are associated with different habitat types, but, although community species diversity varies significantly, total bird density does not. Aims To investigate the association between breeding bird communities and habitats within Bristol, UK and how these communities vary in terms of species diversity and total bird abundance. Methods Breeding density data for 70 species in the metropolitan area of Bristol, UK were subjected to de‐trended correspondence analysis to identify the number of different communities present and their indicator species. These data were then used to identify patterns of habitat association with each community and differences in species richness and total bird density. Results Three communities were identified: a rural community associated with woodland, managed grassland and inland water; a suburban community associated with buildings and residential gardens; and an intermediate community that shared some of these habitat characteristics. Species richness, but not total bird abundance, was lowest in the suburban community. Conclusion The diversity of species in urban areas appears to be most dependent upon the availability of patches of natural and semi‐natural habitats. Residential gardens support fewer species, but those species that are present may be found at high densities.
Genetic variation of red deer populations under hunting exploitation in southwestern Spain

We analyzed the distribution of genetic variation at 6 microsatellite loci in heavily hunted populations of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in southwestern Spain. Some hunting estates are surrounded by high mesh fences that prevent deer from leaving the estate. The primary purpose of our study was to assess whether differences exist in the degree of genetic variation in fenced versus open estates, as well as between hunting estates in comparison with a protected population in Donana National Park. Another purpose of the study was to estimate the extent of population differentiation. There is a significant subdivision of genetic variation; most populations studied showed a significant heterozygote deficit and positive F IS values. Genetic variation is lower in hunting-estate populations than in the protected population, but no differences exist in the level of genetic variation between populations in open and fenced estates, although open populations have smaller effective population sizes. Our analyses confirm population subdivision at different geographical scales. Population differentiation occurs at a local scale between nearby hunting estates but does not follow an isolation-by-distance model. The mating system of red deer and random drift due to hunting probably are responsible for the differentiation of nearby populations, the loss of variability, and some degree of inbreeding.
Anatomical and physiological characteristics of ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus) meat determine its nutritional importance for man

The ostrich is increasingly gaining interest as a livestock animal because of its potential to produce healthy red meat with a low fat content. This article describes the characteristics of ostrich meat that allow it to be marketed as a healthy alternative to beef. The muscles utilized for human consumption include the dorsal Muscularis obturatorius medialis and the hindquarters. The trade names of ostrich muscles are currently not standardized and classification is based on location and scientific nomenclature. Meat cuts of a high commercial value reach as much as 80–90% in the ostrich compared with approximately 45% in other species. Described here are key product characteristics important in its marketing, including fat content, cholesterol, fatty acids, sodium, iron, color, flavor and odor, tenderness, pH and water-holding capacity.
Characterization of N2-fixing bacteria associated with sweet potato roots

Nitrogenase activity has been found associated with roots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). The objective of this investigation was to characterize N2-fixing isolates of the genus Azospirillum found in association with roots of different sweet potato cultivars. Five cultivars ('Carver', 'Jewel', 'Rojo Blanco', 'Centennial', 'Southern Queen') were grown in greenhouse pots on Norfolk sandy loam at pH 6.5 for periods of 1 to 3 months. Enrichment cultures of fibrous and storage root samples were grown on N-free semisolid malate medium at 35 °C. Sixteen bacterial isolates with taxonomic characteristics similar to those of Azospirillum were isolated from the five cultivars. Nitrogenase activities of single colonies grown in semisolid media for 30 h ranged from 32 to 472 nmol C2 H4∙culture−1∙h−1. The isolates were characterized by their acidification of carbon sources, ability to reduce nitrate, and morphology.
BIOCOMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS

Novel bioinformatic procedures and computational methods have been used to analyze, characterize and provide more detailed description of some selected fish antifreeze proteins (AFPs) retrieved from Swiss–Prot database. Analysis shows that AFPs are rich in non-polar residues and that the AFPs Q01758 and P05140 contain SS bonds. The aliphatic index computed by ExPasy's ProtParam infers that AFPs may be stable for a wide range of temperatures and the AFP P80961 is classified as an unstable protein. The very low GRAVY index of AFP P80961 infers its higher hydrosolubility. Secondary structure analysis shows that the flounder and sculpin fish AFPs are found to be of predominant ∝–helical structures and the rest of them are with mixed secondary structures. The average molecular weight of AFPs computed is 9584 Da. SOSUI server predicts one transmembrane region in P04002 (winter flounder fish) and two regions in P09031 (yellowtail flounder fish). The predicted transmembrane regions were visualized and analyzed us.
Identification and characterization of microsatellites in eggplant

The potential of microsatellite markers for use in genetic studies in eggplant, Solanum melongena, has been evaluated. A genomic library of eggplant was screened for GA and GT repeat motifs to isolate microsatellite clones. The frequency of each repeat motif in the eggplant genome was found to be every 3200 kb for GA repeats and every 820 kb for GT repeats. Sixty-one per cent of GT repeats were found to directly flank AT repeats. A total of 37 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer pairs were designed, 23 of which amplified a single product or several products. The level of microsatellite polymorphism was evaluated by using S. melongena lines and related Solanum species. Two to six alleles per primer pair were displayed in the S. melongena lines and two to 13 alleles were displayed in the Solanum relatives. Seven microsatellites showed polymorphism between parental lines of the mapping population and segregated in a codominant Mendelian manner. These microsatellite loci were distributed throughout the linkage map.
Manual and Digital Line‐Intercept Methods of Measuring Root Length: A Comparison

The manual line-intercept (MLI) method is widely accepted as the standard method of estimating root length. Recently, however, semiautomated systems employing a digital line-intercept (DLI) method have been developed. Although the DLI method is said to represent a significant time savings over the MLI method, comparisons between the two methods are relatively scarce. This study was conducted to determine and compare root length estimates obtained using manual and digital line-intercept methods and to evaluate different methods of preparing root subsamples for analysis. Roots were collected from spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) inoculated with three different plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus [. ]