Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of macro non-protein-coding RNAs in the mouse genome

Innerhalb des Igf2r Clusters im Genom der Maus uberlappt die vaterlich exprimierte, lange nicht protein-kodierende RNA (macro long non-codingRNA, macro lncRNA) Airn mit dem Igf2r Gen in entgegengesetzter transkriptioneller Orientierung. Dadurch wird die vaterliche Kopie des Igf2r Gens sowohl in embryonalen als auch in adulten Geweben stillgelegt. Verkurzungen vom 3’-Ende zeigten, dass ein Grosteil des Airn-Transkripts nicht zur Stilllegung von Igf2r benotigt wird. Um den funktionellen Abschnitt von Airn weiter einzuengen, wurde der Airn Promoter unmittelbar vor den Igf2r Promoter verschoben (forward Airn promoter, FAP). Diese Verkurzung vom 5’- Ende hatte jedoch keinen negativen Effekt auf die Stilllegung von Igf2r. In meiner Diplomarbeit habe ich ein in vitro Stammzell-Differenzierungssystem verwendet, um den Chromatinstatus der Igf2r Promoterregion in Zellen zu untersuchen, die eine vaterliche Kopie des FAP-Alleles tragen. Im Wildtyp ist der Igf2r Promoter ublicherweise methyliert und durch repressive Histonmodifikationen gekennzeichnet. Ich konnte jedoch zeigen, dass in differenzierten FAP-Zellen keine Methylierung des Igf2r Promoters stattfindet, dennoch wurde Igf2r stillgelegt. Zusatzlich zeigte der inaktive Igf2r Promoter eine Histonmodifikation, die mit transkriptioneller Aktivierung assoziiert ist. Diese Daten unterstutzen die Hypothese, dass Airn nicht uber die Interaktion mit inaktivierenden Proteinen funktioniert, sondern Transkription durch den uberlappten Igf2r Promoter ausreichend ist um Igf2r am vaterlichen Chromosom stillzulegen. Weiters habe ich ein Zellkultursystem etabliert um die Stabilitat von lncRNAs zu untersuchen. Die Halbwertszeit ist einer der Parameter um die Funktion von lncRNAs einzuschatzen. Eine stabile RNA indiziert eine Funktion des RNA Produkts, wahrend eine instabile RNA darauf hinweist, dass die Transkription der biologisch relevante Mechanismus ist.
NAMED ENTITY RECOGNITION FROM BIOMEDICAL TEXT -AN INFORMATION EXTRACTION TASK

Biomedical Text Mining targets the Extraction of significant information from biomedical archives. Bio TM encompasses Information Retrieval (IR) and Information Extraction (IE). The Information Retrieval will retrieve the relevant Biomedical Literature documents from the various Repositories like PubMed, MedLine etc., based on a search query. The IR Process ends up with the generation of corpus with the relevant document retrieved from the Publication databases based on the query. The IE task includes the process of Preprocessing of the document, Named Entity Recognition (NER) from the documents and Relationship Extraction. This process includes Natural Language Processing, Data Mining techniques and machine Language algorithm. The preprocessing task includes tokenization, stop word Removal, shallow parsing, and Parts-Of-Speech tagging. NER phase involves recognition of well-defined objects such as genes, proteins or cell-lines etc. This process leads to the next phase that is extraction of relationships (IE). The work was based on machine learning algorithm Conditional Random Field (CRF).
Impact of training database on super resolution-based spectral unmixing

Super resolution (SR)-based spectral unmixing (SRSU) is a recently developed spectral unmixing approach. Some issues in SRSU, such as the role of training database, remain unclear. According to the example-based SR reconstruction, training databases impact the reconstruction and consequently may also impact SRSU. This study investigated how training databases affect the SRSU, so the training database can be designed appropriately. A Markov network model was employed as a way to implement SR reconstruction. Ten training databases, derived from different types of remotely sensed images and non-remotely sensed images, were constructed and each training database-based SRSU was evaluated with respect to unmixing accuracy. Surprisingly, the experiments revealed that the SRSU performance is not sensitive to the types of training databases, since different training databases resulted in similar accuracy in spectral unmixing.
Fishery research: current approaches, tensions and emerging aspects. The future and how to approach it

The current development of fishery research can be considered as much a technical development as a scientific-conceptual one. In relation to the technical development we analyse the evolution of the concepts fishing effort and fishing power, as well as vulnerability, availability and accessibility. In the conceptual analysis of the basic parameters we consider new contributions with regards to recruitment and evolution of populations based on concepts such as the system’s carrying capacity and the effect of inverse density dependence. The impact of the available space is analysed as well as the effect of the prey-predator relationship in the context of the flows between the different levels in the trophic web. We point out that fishery analysis strategies need to consider that, from both the biological and socio-economic points of view, the system is never balanced but rather is at the very limit or even over the limit. On the whole, fishing (human action on the resource) can be understood within the context of the ecosystem. This situation implies introducing the concept of uncertainty. Aspects such as ecosystem elasticity are analysed in their broadest sense. In these terms, recovery of an ecosystem and of Large Marine Ecosystems (LME) is still possible, but the result can be different due to the appearance of opportunistic species. Some concepts such as fuzzy sets, and chaos and fractal analysis are important tools for analysing the evolution and management of ecosystems exploited by fisheries.
A Control Framework for Optimal Coordination and Desired Formation of Autonomous Agents

This paper proposes a decentralized approach for solving the energy-optimal desired formation problem for a group of autonomous agents. First, we introduce the notion of a coordinator that can orient and localize a group of agents with a respect to the global coordinate system. Then, we propose an optimal assignment formulation which prescribes the goals to each agent. We present the conditions for global optimality and discuss robustness of the solution. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed approach is validated through simulation.
Introduction à la vision panoramique catadioptrique* Introduction to the catadioptric panoramic vision

and key words Increase the field of view of vision systems in order to obtain panoramic (omnidirectional) images is the objective of the omnidirectional vision. Many solutions have been imagined and the catadioptric approach holds a privileged place. Many applications, in particular in mobile robotics, have proved the benefits of this artificial visual perception approach. They also raised a multitude of theoretical and practical questions. After an "empirical" period for the design of these cameras, numerous works have dealt with the geometrical and optical formalization and modelling. The objective of this paper is to introduce the omnidirectional vision and to give a fast outline of the existing geometrical models and calibration methods in order to make easier the reading of the articles proposed in this journal. The papers published here will be referred, when it is necessary, to locate them in comparison with the used geometrical models. Computer Vision, Omnidirectional, panoramic, catadioptric. * Une partie importante de cette introduction a ete publiee dans les actes de JNRR 05, E. Mouaddib, La vision Omnidirectionnelle, Actes des Journees Nationales de la Recherche en Robotique 2005.
H I-deficient galaxies in intermediate-density environments

Observations show that spiral galaxies in galaxy clusters tend to have on average less neutral hydrogen (HI) than galaxies of the same type and size in the field. There is accumulating evidence that such HI-deficient galaxies are also relatively frequent in galaxy groups. An important question is, which mechanisms are responsible for the gas deficiency in galaxy groups. To gain a better understanding of how environment affects the gas content of galaxies, we identified a sample of six HI-deficient galaxies from the HI Parkes All Sky Survey (HIPASS) using HI-optical scaling relations. One of the galaxies is located in the outskirts of the Fornax cluster, four are in loose galaxy groups and one is in a galaxy triplet. We present new high resolution HI observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) of these galaxies. We discuss the possible cause of HI-deficiency in these galaxies based on HI observations and various multi-wavelength data. We find that the galaxies have truncated HI disks, lopsided gas distribution and some show asymmetries in their stellar disks. We conclude that both ram pressure stripping and tidal interactions are important gas removal mechanisms in low density environments.
On Varying Item Difficulty by Changing the Response Format for a Mathematical Competence Test

Educational and psychological aptitude and achievement tests employ a variety of different response formats. Today the predominating format is a multiple-choice format with a single correct answer option (at most out of altogether four answer options) because of the possibility for fast, economical and objective scoring. But it is often mentioned that multiple-choice questions are easier than those with constructed response format, for which the examinee has to create the solution without answer options. The present study investigates the influence of three different response formats on the difficulty of an item using stem-equivalent items in a mathematical competence test. Impact of formats is modelled applying the Linear Logistic Test model (Fischer, 1974) appertaining to Item Response Theory. In summary, the different response formats measure the same latent trait but bias the difficulty of the item.
UTTERANCE OVERLAP AND LONG SILENCE AMONG THE BAKA PYGMIES: COMPARISON WITH BANTU FARMERS AND JAPANESE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The temporal structure of conversation was studied among the Baka Pyg- mies in southeastern Cameroon, in comparison with those of the adjacent Bakwele (Bantu farmer), and Japanese university students. A time sampling method was applied to an- alyze utterance overlap patterns. In Baka conversation, utterance overlap was not used strategically to take conversational turns, but rather a form of behavioral synchronization. Similarly, long silence was not a failure in the turn-taking, nor indication of the termi- nation of a conversation, boundary of a sentence, or politeness, but can be regarded as a "mode of co-presence. " The Baka can co-present without continuous mutual utterance, probably because they live in a "high-context" situation.
Cloning , expression , and characterization of a peptidoglycan hydrolase from the Burkholderia pseudomallei phage ST 79

The lytic phage ST79 of Burkholderia pseudomallei can lyse a broad range of its host including antibiotic resistant isolates from within using a set of proteins, holin, lysB, lysC and endolysin, a peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolase enzyme. The phage ST79 endolysin gene identified as peptidase M15A was cloned, expressed and purified to evaluate its potential to lyse pathogenic bacteria. The molecular size of the purified enzyme is approximately 18 kDa and the in silico study cited here indicated the presence of a zinc-binding domain predicted to be a member of the subfamily A of a metallopeptidase. Its activity, however, was reduced by the presence of Zn2+. When Escherichia coli PG was used as a substrate and subjected to digestion for 5 min with 3 μg/ml of enzyme, the peptidase M15A showed 2 times higher in lysis efficiency when compared to the commercial lysozyme. The enzyme works in a broad alkaligenic pH range of 7.5–9.0 and temperatures from 25 to 42 °C. The enzyme was able to lyse 18 Gram-negative bacteria in which the outer membrane was permeabilized by chloroform treatment. Interestingly, it also lysed Enterococcus sp. , but not other Gram-positive bacteria. In general, endolysin cannot lyse Gram-negative bacteria from outside, however, the cationic amphipathic C-terminal in some endolysins showed permeability to Gram-negative outer membranes. Genetically engineered ST79 peptidase M15A that showed a broad spectrum against Gram-negative bacterial PG or, in combination with an antibiotic the same way as combined drug methodology, could facilitate an effective treatment of severe or antibiotic resistant cases.
An Abstract Description Method of Map-Reduce-Merge Using Haskell

Map-Reduce-Merge is an improved parallel programming model based on Map-Reduce in cloud computing environment. Through the new Merge module, Map-Reduce-Merge can support processing multiple related heterogeneous datasets more efficiently. In order to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of this new model, we present a rigorous description for Map-Reduce-Merge model using Haskell. Firstly, we describe the basic program skeleton of Map-Reduce-Merge programming model. Secondly, an abstract description for the Merge module is presented by analyzing the structure and function of the Merge module with Haskell as the description tool. Thirdly, we evaluate the Map-Reduce-Merge model on the basis of our description. We capture the functional characteristics of the Map-Reduce-Merge model by our abstract description, which can provide theoretical basis for designing more efficient parallel programming model to process join operation.
Identifying Relevant Anti-Science Perceptions to Improve Science-Based Communication: The Negative Perceptions of Science Scale

Science communicators and scholars have struggled to understand what appears to be increasingly frequent endorsement of a wide range of anti-science beliefs and a corresponding reduction of trust in science. A common explanation for this issue is a lack of science literacy/knowledge among the general public (Funk et al. 2015). However, other possible explanations have been advanced, including conflict with alternative belief systems and other contextual factors, and even cultural factors (Gauchat 2008; Kahan 2015) that are not necessarily due to knowledge deficits. One of the challenges is that there are limited tools available to measure a range of possible underlying negative perceptions of science that could provide a more nuanced framework within which to improve communication around important scientific topics. This project describes two studies detailing the development and validation of the Negative Perceptions of Science Scale (NPSS), a multi-dimensional instrument that taps into several distinct sets of negative science perceptions: Science as Corrupt, Science as Complex, Science as Heretical, and Science as Limited. Evidence for the reliability and validity of the NPSS is described. The sub-dimensions of the NPSS are associated with a range of specific anti-science beliefs across a broad set of topic areas above and beyond that explained by demographics (including education, sex, age, and income), political, and religious ideology. Implications for these findings for improving science communication and science-related message tailoring are discussed.
Welfare Effects of Monetary Union and Flexible Exchange Rate Regimes in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)

The quest for improved macroeconomic performance in African countries, coupled with the successful launching of the euro in 1999, has rekindled interest in the establishment of monetary unions in African Regional Economic Communities. To date, no attempt has been made to quantify the welfare consequences of alternative exchange rate regimes in the ECOWAS region within a rigorous theoretical framework that explicitly captures the crucial trade-off between the savings in transaction costs, resulting from a common currency, and the macroeconomic stabilization benefits of a flexible exchange rate regime. This paper overcomes the limitation. The main result is that a monetary union dominates a flexible exchange rate regime in the ECOWAS region if transaction costs are greater than 1 percent of regional GDP.
The Rising Instability of U.S. Earnings

The inequality of earnings and of family incomes in the United States has increased since the late 1970s. The large rise in earnings inequality between the 1970s and the 1990s could reflect either a rise in disparity of permanent incomes, a rise in earnings instability, or some portion of both. In this paper, we provide longitudinal measures that separate changes in income inequality into changes that permanently change income to new levels and those that only reflect transitory change. We refer to the latter as changes in "income instability" and discuss how the instability of individual earnings and family income in the United States has evolved -- as a whole as well as for different types of individuals and families -- over the last quarter century. We consider alternative definitions of instability that have been proposed, and establish that all studies find that instability is considerably higher today than in the mid-1970s. This increase in instability is not a recent phenomenon. Earnings instability rose sharply in the late 1970s and early 1980s, then stabilized at these high levels through the recent period, although it may be increasing once again. We also discuss the factors that may be driving this increase in instability.
Hybrid InP-based photonic crystal lasers on silicon on insulator wires

We report on InP-based photonic crystal lasers operating at 1.585 μm at room temperature, integrated with and evanescently coupled to silicon on insulator (SOI) waveguides. By optically pumping at 1.18 μm through the SOI wires, pulsed laser emission from line defect photonic crystal waveguides accurately aligned (<30 nm) to the silicon circuitry is demonstrated.
Attendance Checking System Using Quick Response Code for Students at the University of Sulaimaniyah

A system to record and view attendance information using a QR code scanned by smart phones is proposed to help students avoid penalties that may result from poor attendance. In proposed system, students can easily view their attendance records for each course. The proposed system was modeled and developed for use at the University of Sulaimaniyah; however, it could be applied to other schools and colleges.
COMPLEX BUILDING DETECTION THROUGH INTEGRATING LIDAR AND AERIAL PHOTOS

This paper proposes a new approach on digital building detection through the integration of LiDAR data and aerial imagery. It is known that most building rooftops are represented by different regions from different seed pixels. Considering the principals of image segmentation, this paper employs a new region based technique to segment images, combining both the advantages of LiDAR and aerial images together. First, multiple seed points are selected by taking several constraints into consideration in an automated way. Then, the region growing procedures proceed by combining the elevation attribute from LiDAR data, visibility attribute from DEM (Digital Elevation Model), and radiometric attribute from warped images in the segmentation. Through this combination, the pixels with similar height, visibility, and spectral attributes are merged into one region, which are believed to represent the whole building area. The proposed methodology was implemented on real data and competitive results were achieved.
Antecedents of Consumer Attitude towards Blogger Recommendations and its Impact on Purchase Intention

Manuscript type: Research paper. Research aims: This study aims to fill in the literature gap by examining the relationship between various antecedent factors affecting consumer attitude towards blogger recommendations and their purchase intention. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: A total of 384 questionnaires were collected and analysed using the partial least squares (PLS) approach. Research findings: The results highlight the relationships existing between consumer attitude and the antecedent factors namely, perceived usefulness, trustworthiness, information quality and perceived benefits. The study also confirms the mediation role of consumer attitude towards blogger recommendations. Most impor- tantly, consumer attitude towards blogger recommendations is found to have significant influence on consumer purchase intention. Theoretical contributions/ Originality: This study provides a comprehensive empirical examination of the antecedent factors that contribute to consumer attitude towards blogger recommendations, previously examined by different researchers in separate studies. It is found that trustworthiness is the main factor contributing to consumer attitude towards blogger recommendations, followed by information quality, perceived usefulness and perceived benefits. Attitude towards blogger recommendations is found to have a strong impact on purchase intention; it also serves as a mediator between the antecedent factors and purchase intention. Practitioner/ Policy implications: This study provides useful evi- dence which support the influential power of blogs as a type of effective integrated marketing tool. The findings also recommend some evaluation criteria for choosing and evaluating the effectiveness of blogger recommendations that influence consumer attitude and purchase intention. Overall, blogger recommendations have to be perceived as useful, trustworthy and carry good quality information before consumers can be influenced. Research limitation: This study is constrained by limitations such as blog types and variables. Future research could be extended to include more diverse blog types, more contributing variables on attitude and a bigger geographical coverage. Keywords: Blogger Recommendations, Consumer Attitudes, Infor- mation Quality, Purchase Intention, Trustworthiness. JEL Classification: M31
Title Analysis of plasmaspheric hiss wave amplitudes inferred from low-altitude POES electron data : Technique sensitivity analysis Permalink

A novel technique capable of inferring wave amplitudes from low-altitude electron measurements from the Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) spacecraft has been previously proposed to construct a global dynamic model of chorus and plasmaspheric hiss waves. In this paper we focus on plasmaspheric hiss, which is an incoherent broadband emission that plays a dominant role in the loss of energetic electrons from the inner magnetosphere. We analyze the sensitivity of the POES technique to different inputs used to infer the hiss wave amplitudes during three conjunction events with the Van Allen Probes. These amplitudes are calculated with different input models of the plasma density, wave frequency spectrum, and electron energy spectrum, and the results are compared to the wave observations from the twin Van Allen Probes. Only one parameter is varied at a time in order to isolate its effect on the output, while the two other inputs are set to the values observed by the Van Allen Probes. The results show that the predicted hiss amplitudes are most sensitive to the adopted frequency spectrum, followed by the plasma density, but they are not very sensitive to the electron energy spectrum. Moreover, the standard Gaussian representation of the wave frequency spectrum (centered at 550 Hz) peaks at frequencies that are much higher than those observed in individual cases as well as in statistical wave distributions, which produces large overestimates of the hiss wave amplitude. For this reason, a realistic statistical model of the wave frequency spectrum should be used in the POES technique to infer the plasmaspheric hiss wave intensity rather than a standard Gaussian distribution, since the former better reproduces the observed plasmaspheric hiss wave amplitudes.