Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eyes-free Methods for Accessing Large Auditory Menus

Two interaction methods for eyes-free control of a mobile phone or a media player are introduced. The methods include a gestural pointing interface and a touchscreen interface to a spherical auditory menu where feedback is provided using spatially reproduced speech. The methods could facilitate the eyes-free use of devices and also make them accessible for visually impaired users. The effectiveness of gestural and touchscreen interaction is compared to traditional visual interface when accessing large menus. Evaluation results prove that moderately fast and accurate selection of menu items is possible without visual feedback. Combining eyes-free interfaces, positions of menu items in 3D and a browsing method with a dynamically adjustable target size of the menu items allows the use of large menus with intuitive easy access.
Effect of Some Soil Amendments on The mobility of Some Heavy Metal ions in a Contaminated Soil

An outdoor pot experiment was carried out at the farm of Agriculture Faculty, Al -Azahr University during the winter season of 2015, to study the efficiency of some amendments (palm waste, gypsum and rock phosphate) on the mobility of Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+. A composite surface soil sample (0-30cm)was collected from south west of Port Said City. The experiment involved 33 pots comprised 11 treatments with three replicates in a completely randomized design. Plastic pots are used of 18 cm inside diameter 22 cm depth and each contains 2.0 kg dry soil. The soils were well mixed with gypsum and rock phosphate applied at the rates 4, 6 and 8 ton fd-1while the soils were well mixed with (palm waste) applied at the rate5 ton fd-1 for all treatments, and then incubated for 60 days in three replicates, beside the untreated soil (control). During soil incubation the moisture content of the pots was kept at the water field capacity, then-at the end of the period of incubation the soil samples were analyzed for some physical and chemical properties, and content of the heavy metals under investigation (Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+). The most important results obtained could be summarized as follows :1- In all treatments pH and ESP values were decreased compared with the control.2-Organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and active calcium carbonate values in the studies soil were increased with increasing the addition of the treatments compared with the control, while bulk density tended to be lower 3-Heavy metal mobility decreased When mixing all of (palm waste, agricultural gypsum and rock phosphate) Generally the results showed the importance of using some amendments such as palm waste, agricultural gypsum and rock phosphate in reducing the mobility of heavy metals (Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+) in contaminated soils.
Effect of couple stress parameter on steady-state and dynamic characteristics of three-lobe journal bearing operating on TiO2 nanolubricant

Steady-state and dynamic performance parameters of three-lobe fluid film bearing, operating on TiO2 nanolubricant have been obtained. The effective viscosity for a given volume fraction of TiO2 nanoparticle in base fluid is obtained by using Krieger–Dougherty viscosity model. Various bearing performance parameters are obtained by solving remodeled Reynolds equation, which includes couple stress parameter. The stiffness and damping coefficients are also obtained for different values of the couple stress parameter. Results show a significant rise in the nondimensional load-carrying capacity and flow coefficient while there is a decrease in friction variable. It also reveals a significant improvement in the dynamic coefficient of bearing.
Tracking a Moving Objects Using Foreground Detector and Improved Morphological Filter

Mobile object detection is one of the most important steps in computer vision applications such as: medical analysis human-machine interface, robotics, traffic monitoring, and more. In this article, we apply the Gaussian mixing model which is established on the background subtraction. A smoothing method was used for the pre-processing step and a morphological filter was applied to remove unwanted pixels from the background in the other to solve the problem of background noise disturbance. We also demonstrated that filtering foreground segmentation twice with the same morphological structured element but with a different width was used to improve the accuracy of the result. The results show that the proposed method is effective in detecting and tracking moving vehicles, compared to filter segmentation in the foreground only once. Several methods and algorithms have been used to solve this problem. All the methods used before have been effective but also have limits. Some of these methods lose the object when the number of frames is wide while others lose it when it changes direction or rolls at a high speed. In addition, the algorithms proposed for the detection of colors in RGB also lose their objectives when the object changes the color. But the proposed combination in this paper maintains contact with the object without losing it even if it changes direction or speed or the number of frame increases.
Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3) Nanostructure for Thermoelectric Applications

The bismuth telluride ( Bi 2 Te 3 ) nanostructure is the most commonly used in thermoelectric (TE) applications. The different processes are utilized to produce the Bi 2 Te 3 nanostructure. Herein, the used process is an efficient and cost effective two-step co-precipitation chemical solution route. The process has been formed by dissolving the bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate, Bi(NO 3 ) 3 . 5H 2 O and tellurium dioxide, TeO 2 into the same inorganic nitric acid, HNO3 with the two-step co-precipitation of sodium hydroxide, NaOH and sodium borohydride, HNaB4. The characterizing tools such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet absorbance (UV), fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis of x-ray (EDAX), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to produce the Bi 2 Te 3 powders. According to these results, the obtained powders have been confirmed as a nanostructure form of about low dimension that can be easily used in TE applications.
Blending of Cotton and Poly (lactic Acid) Fiber: Combined Optimization of Blend Ratio and Yarn Twist Using Mixture-Process Design

ABSTRACT Blending of cotton with poly (lactic acid) fiber, regarded as the natural polyester as opposed to the commonly used synthetic polyester, was systematically done by varying the blend ratio and the yarn twist. This was followed by the combined optimization of both the parameters using a mixture -process experimental design. The study, which took care of the blending limitations in terms of the feasible proportion of the constituent fibers in the blend, their in-between interactions as well as the interactions with the yarn twist, could identify a combination of blend ratio and yarn twist that could produce an optimum/desired blended yarn in terms of the highest desirability function. The method can be adopted for production of optimum-blended yarn in the spinning industry.
Aplikasi Pengenalan Nama Surah pada Juz ke 30 Kitab Suci Al-Qur’an Menggunakan Speech Recognition

Al-Qur’an is a scripture which contains the saying of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’aala and was revealed to Prophet Muhammad. The 30th juz is the juz that exists in the Al-Qur’an. When studying how to read Al-Qur’an well, the first thing that is learned is reading and memorizing surahs in the 30th juz. Nevertheless, there is a problem in remembering or knowing the surah name and the verse which are in the 30th juz. An android application was developed in order to recognize the surah names in the 30th juz by utilizing speech recognition technology to overcome that problem. Markov Model (Markov Chain) algorithm was implemented in this application. This algorithm will process user’s speech and compute probability of the surah name that was spoken. Speech detection testing gave result that the highest accuracy of application in recognizing the speeches was in the environment without noise with the accuracy of 100% in the most ideal distance is 50 cm for male and for female user. Based on the blackbox testing result, all functionalities of the application have functionated well. Control flow testing gave result that the value is 7 which indicates that the code is simple and well written. 87,74% respondents answered, by filling up the questionnaires, that the application is useful in order to make user knows better about the surah names in the 30th juz.
Effective Speech Enhancement Algorithm for Mobile Communication Using Cascading of Frequency and Time Domain Algorithms

In this paper we present a speech enhancement algorithm which is developed by cascading the time and spectral domain speech enhancement algorithms. For time domain we have used Kalman filter and for spectral domain we have used “Improved Minima Controlled Recursive Averaging” algorithm presented by Israel Cohen. Both of these algorithms give better results in their respective domains. The cascaded algorithm presented in this paper is tested under various types of real world noises that are generally experienced by a mobile user. The performance of the cascaded algorithms is evaluated using three widely used speech quality objective parameters, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Segmental SNR and Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ). The simulation is performed in MatLab signal processing tool box. Comparative study of experimental results proves that there is substantial improvement in SNR, Segmental SNR and PESQ of the enhanced speech.
Immunotoxicity Considerations for Next Generation Cancer Nanomedicines

Although interest and funding in nanotechnology for oncological applications is thriving, translating these novel therapeutics through the earliest stages of preclinical assessment remains challenging. Upon intravenous administration, nanomaterials interact with constituents of the blood inducing a wide range of associated immunotoxic effects. The literature on the immunological interactions of nanomaterials is vast and complicated. A small change in a particular characteristic of a nanomaterial (e.g., size, shape, or charge) can have a significant effect on its immunological profile in vivo, and poor selection of specific assays for establishing these undesirable effects can overlook this issue until the latest stages of preclinical assessment. This work describes the current literature on unintentional immunological effects associated with promising cancer nanomaterials (liposomes, dendrimers, mesoporous silica, iron oxide, gold, and quantum dots) and puts focus on what is missing in current preclinical evaluations. Opportunities for avoiding or limiting immunotoxicity through efficient preclinical assessment are discussed, with an emphasis placed on current regulatory views and requirements. Careful consideration of these issues will ensure a more efficient preclinical assessment of cancer nanomedicines, enabling a smoother clinical translation with less failures in the future.
A novel approach to automatic position calibration for pixelated crystals in gamma imaging

Introduction: The position estimation in gamma detection system will have constant misplacements which can be corrected in the calibration procedure. In the pixelated crystal uniformly irradiation of detector will produce irregular shape due to position estimation errors. This image is called flood field image and is used to calibrate the position estimation. In this work we present a novel approach to automatically calibrate pixelated crystal array position estimation. Methods: In the flood image of a pixelated crystal array the local peaks represent the estimation of position for the gamma photons that interacted in a single crystal pixel. First, the method detects 2-D peak locations automatically in the case of blurred pixel responses in the presence of noise and disturbance of the image. The algorithm consists of a filtering step for smoothing the image followed by two rounds of local peak detection. After localizing image peaks, the correction routine will map the image locations to the crystal pixels using the thin-plate spline interpolation method. Results:The algorithm is tested for two flood images obtained from developed detector with different irregularity levels. By configuring constant parameters according to the detector configuration the method detected all crystal pixels in the image and map them correctly. The method further has been tested for10 identical blocks and the result showed automatic peak detection routine for all the blocks. Conclusion: An automatic peak detection is presented to work instead of time consuming manual calibration routines. The method shows robust performance in the presence of image noise.
Patient Friendly Formulations Utilizing Hot Melt Extrusion Technology

ii DEDICATION.iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. v LIST OF TABLES.viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix CHAPTER 1: DEVELOPMENT OF TASTE MASKED CAFFEINE CITRATE FORMULATIONS UTILIZING HOT MELT EXTRUSION TECHNOLOGY AND IN VITROIN VIVO EVALUATIONS.1 ABSTRACT.
Crystalline structure and morphology in uniaxially oriented polypropylene film modified with nanosilica

Silica‐polypropylene (PP) composite resins were prepared with nanosilica particles and PP resin through melt blending. This composite resin was used to prepare uniaxially oriented PP film under certain conditions. Surface and cross‐section morphologies of the PP films were analyzed by SEM, while the crystalline phase, crystalline orientation, and grain size of the PP films were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Crystallinity was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The mechanical properties, heat resistance, and barrier properties of the film were tested and analyzed. The PP melts formed shish‐kebab structure when subjected to shearing or stretching at near‐melting temperatures. The ratio of the intensity of the XRD of 040 crystal surface to that of the 110 crystal surface was greater than 0.71. The modified polypropylene melt was subjected to tensile action at 30°C on a cooling roller, resulting in a specially oriented structure. However, the ratio of the intensity of the XRD of the 040 crystal surface to that of the 110 crystal surface did not change. Under the same processing conditions (ie, low cooling temperature and high unidirectional tension), a transverse 040 wafer was formed on the surface of the unmodified film, but polypropylene film modified by nanosilica was not found. The fiber‐like shish‐kebab structure with regular arrangement appeared on the film. The change in the microstructure of the modified polypropylene film resulted in a material with excellent mechanical properties, toughness, barrier property, and heat resistance.
DETERMINATION OF DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE IN PHARMACEUTICA DOSAGE FORMS BY A SIMPLE STABILITY-INDICATING MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CAPILLARY CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD

A stability-indicating micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) method was developed and validated for the analysis of doxorubicin hydrochloride in injectable pharmaceutical dosage forms, using methotrexate as internal standard. A fused-silica capillary (50 µm i.d.; effective length, 40 cm) and a running electrolyte solution consisting of 10 mM borate buffer and 20 mM anionic surfactant SDS, at pH 9.3, were set as the best experimental conditions. Moreover, the capillary temperature was maintained at 26 ºC, while the applied voltage was +26 kV. Hydrodynamic sample injection (6 s at 50 mbar) was used, and the detection was set at 260 nm using a photodiode array detector. The method was validated for the requirements specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness, following the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The method linearity was proven in the range of 25-125 µg/mL (r = 0.9995). Forced degradation studies were successfully conducted, evidencing the specificity and stability-indicating capability of the method. In addition, no interference of the excipients from the formulation was detected. The values of accuracy and precision were within the acceptable limits, and robustness studies were performed by a two-level full factorial design. The proposed method fulfilled all validation parameters and was shown to be suitable for quantitative analyses of doxorubicin, contributing, thus, to the establishment of new alternatives with advantages for the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations.
Learning analytics to improve writing skills for young children – an holistic approach

Purpose Due to the important role of orthography in society, the project called IDeRBlog presented in this paper created a web-based tool to motivate pupils to write text as well as to read and to comment on texts written by fellow students. In addition, IDeRBlog aims to improve student’s German orthography skills and supports teachers and parents with training materials for their students. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach With the aid of learning analytics, the submitted text is analyzed and special feedback is given to the students so that they can try to correct the misspelled words themselves. The teachers as well as the parents are benefiting from the analysis and exercises suggested by the system. Findings A recent study showed the efficiency of the system in form of an improvement of the students’ orthographic skills. Over a period of four months 70 percent of the students achieved a significant reduction of their spelling mistakes. Originality/value IDeRBlog is an innovative approach to improving orthography skills combining blogging and new media with writing and practice.
A HEURISTIC APPROACH TO INSPECTION OF SCULPTURED SURFACES USING DATA LOCALIZATION

Automatic inspection of the manufactured parts is an important area related to Computer Aided Inspection. Since any manufacturing process induces some errors either due to chance causes of variation or assignable causes of variation, it is necessary to inspect the manufactured part or surface to check if it is within the design tolerance limits or not. For a sculptured surface there is no clear way to measure the characteristic dimensions (such as the length or diameter for cylinder) on the manufactured part. Hence, to determine if the manufactured surface is within the specification limits, it is necessary to compare the measurement data directly with the CAD model of the surface. The CAD model exists in the Design Coordinate System (DCS) while the measurement data exists in Machine Coordinate System (MCS) attached to the inspection system. In order to compare the measurement data with CAD model, it is necessary to align the two coordinate systems together. Data Localization is the process of determining the transformation parameters to align the measured data points with the CAD model. This can be formulated as a non linear optimization problem in six variables. The traditional Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm involves computation of closest point on the design surface for a given measurement point and can be formulated as an optimization problem in ‘u’ and ‘v’ (parameters defining the free form surface). This problem can be solved using Newton’s method which requires a very good initial guess to ensure the convergence to the solution. The new heuristic algorithm developed in this research mainly focuses on efficient pre-processing of the design and measurement datasets by arranging them very close to each other. Such pre-processing gives a very good initial estimate of the corresponding closest point. Hierarchical data structure namely k-d tree [23] is then used to arrive at a good estimate for the final Newton’s method [5,12]. The new heuristic was implemented for inspecting different free form surfaces and the results were compared.
Thermal Performance of Single Glazing Flat Plate Photovoltaic Thermal Hybrid System with Various Air Channels

The present study attempts to investigate the thermal performance of five types of mild steel air channels in the photovoltaic thermal hybrid system. This system has been designed, fabricated, and tested in the tropical climatic condition of Chennai, India. There are five kinds of air channels studied in this work, namely, reference air channel, single-fin channel, multifin channel, fin with T baffle channel, and fin with V baffle channel. These channels are studied and compared. The experiments were accomplished with two mass flow rates, m, ˙, , , , : 0.00565 and 0.00847 kg/s. The photovoltaic thermal hybrid system performance was enhanced by increased air velocity, enhanced heat transfer between the absorber surface and air, and physical geometry of the channel. This optimal performance has been attained in the present study, with strong agreement with previously published findings. The photovoltaic thermal hybrid system experimentally proved to enhance thermal and photovoltaic efficiencies with increasing air mass flow rate, and the maximum electrical efficiency was found to be 13.70 % at the mass flow rate of 0.00565 kg/s and 14.27 % at the mass flow rate of 0.00847 kg/s; similarly, the thermal efficiency was 14.12 % at m, ˙, , , , = 0.00565 kg/s and 20.81 % at m, ˙, , , , = 0.00847 kg/s.
Anodic PH Distribution Analysis During Electrochemical Treatment of Tumors: Numerical Simulations

Electrochemotherapy (EChT) of tumors consists in the passage of a direct electric current through electrodes inserted locally in the tissue, mainly causing its necrosis. This kind of treatment has been specially applied in China for the last ten years in more than 10 000 patients with good clinical re- sults. The extreme pH changes induced by EChT has been proposed as the main tumor destruction mech- anism. In this paper, we describe two different numerical models of EChT (non-buffered and buffered models) that analyze electrolyte diffusive and migratory transport near the anode in a diluted solution, with or without the presence of buffer in the medium. These models use the quasi-one-dimensional Nernst-Planck equations under the hypothesis of electroneutrality and galvanostatic conditions. The equations are solved, for each time step, with finite differences in a fixed domain with a variable mesh that allows greater accuracy near the anodic boundary region. We compare pH distribution predictions derived from the non-buffered and the buffered models with experimental results obtained from collagen I gels and subcutaneous tumors developed in mice, respectively. Simulations predict that, after the EChT treatment, an initial condition with an homogeneous and almost neutral pH becomes extremely acid at the anode, rapidly recovering its neutral value as we move away from it. The strong acidification expands through the anodic area as the EChT dosage increases. These predictions are in good agreement with experimental results. Other qualitative and quantitative comparisons reveal that the non-buffered model has a better correlation with reality than the buffered one. This approach and results open a promising area of research that may help in the elucidation of the real consequences of an EChT applied to tumor tissues. We believe this could have significant implications in the future design of optimal operative conditions and dose planning of this kind of therapy.