Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing and performance investigation of permanent magnet motor prototype for UTV electric drive train application

The dynamic design specifications of a vehicle are used to define the required torque and speed of a permanent magnet motor. This is due to providing clear instructions on the intent, performance, and construction of a vehicle. Therefore, this study aims to determine an engineering design and prototyping process of a Permanent Magnet Motor, to be used as an electric powertrain in a Utility Vehicle. Based on being used in severe road condition (steep inclination and off road), the vehicle should be able to handle a 45° inclination with total payload of approximately 250 kg. Using a rear-wheel-drive traction, its weight should also be less than 1000 kg. Furthermore, the motor should be operated at a maximum battery voltage of 100 V. According to the requirements, the electric powertrain should further have the ability to deliver a torque of approximately 1600 Nm on both rear wheels. Using a finite element method to simulate performances, transmission was coupled to the motor in providing the required torque. In addition, the motor prototype was subsequently manufactured and tested using a dynamometer. The results showed that the motor produced 19.6 kW, 5600 RPM, and 75 Nm at 96 V. Therefore, the design and prototyping process of the motor satisfied all the required specification.
Spectral response of a gamma and electron irradiated pin photodiode

The optical spectral response of Si pin photodiodes was examined after gamma and electron irradiation. We observed both a significant decrease in the peak optical response and peak position with increasing total dose. This effect was successfully explained by modeling the degradation of the minority carrier diffusion length in the base region. The diffusion length damage factor was estimated in the context of the nonionization energy loss (NIEL). A close agreement was found between the observed degradation behavior and that predicted by NIEL.
Dynamic Sliding-Mode Control with Backstepping for Underactuated AUV in Diving Plane

A dynamic sliding-mode control (DSMC) with backstepping is proposed for diving control of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), where surge force and stern plane are only available for vehicle's 3DOF diving motion. First, an equivalent model of AUV is developed. Then, the DSMC with an asymptotical sliding surface is proposed for the trajectory tracking control of AUV. Moreover, the analysis of stability can be completed by Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the simulation results are illustrated in this paper. simulation results show that, the tracking precision and the robustness of the system are improved under the proposed control method.
The Fringing Effect in PM Electric Machines

ABSTRACT To predict the fringing flux distribution along the axial length of a permanent magnet electric machine, a segmented permanent magnet model, in which magnets face a slotted and infinitely permeable boundary, is presented in this paper. By using the model and the method of Fourier expansion, the analytical solution to the fringing field problem can be easily determined. With the aid of the analytical results, the effective armature length for permanent magnet electric machines due to the axial extension of the magnet may be obtained.
The influence of realistic schedules for the use of appliances on the total energy performances in dwellings

The use of lighting and appliances influences buildings energy performance by affecting electricity and thermal loads. Nevertheless, their use is often predicted by arbitrary assumptions during the design phase. The paper focuses on the realistic description of domestic equipment use and its impact on the prediction of energy consumption in homes. A method for creating schedules of domestic appliances use, based on dwelling field monitoring is proposed. The method is validated by calibrating the simulated electric consumption with the monitored one. A baseline simulation model is developed in IDA Ice, in which the developed schedules (named Calibrated Realistic Schedules) are implemented. Then, the same model is used to implement the schedules for domestic appliance use proposed by the Italian reference standard for energy calculation UNI/TS 11300. The simulated energy performances are finally compared. Results shows that values for usage times and power from UNI/TS 11300 are appropriate references for predicting the equipment energy use at the design stage. However, standardized schedules do not take into account the lower use of equipment in summer, leading to higher predicted internal gains and consequently to oversizing the cooling system. The paper demonstrates the need for more realistic descriptions of appliances use to be included in simulation software, particularly in high performing buildings. Moreover, it gives evidence of the impact that actual occupant behaviour has on building energy performance
International Journal of Engineering

Human action recognition has been a pioneer research problem among researchers. This paper proposed a new local feature descriptor in terms of modal frequency using silhouette and simplicial elements of a silhouette with the help of Finite Element Analysis (FEA). This local descriptor represents the distinctive human poses in the form of modal frequency. These modal frequencies reduce the feature dimension and represent a wide range of poses of human action. These modal frequencies are subject to the stiffness matrix of the body that is associated with the displacement. The silhouettes of the human body are used for the analysis. These silhouettes are represented into simplicial elements. The modal frequencies of silhouettes are calculated using simplicial elements. These modal frequencies of the silhouette are used as the feature vectors that are given to the Radial Basis Function-Support Vector Machine (RBF-SVM) classifier. The challenging datasets Weizmann, KTH and IXMAS are used for validation of the proposed methodology
A high-performance accelerometer with a fifth-order sigma–delta modulator

To verify the effectiveness of a higher order electromechanical sigma–delta modulator (ΣΔM), a micromachined accelerometer is fabricated. The in-plane sensor with fully differential structure has a mechanical noise floor below 1 μg Hz−1/2, static sensitivity 16 pF g−1 and resonant frequency 325 Hz. FEM analyses are performed to verify these key parameters. The silicon-on-glass sensor is fabricated by deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) and anodic bonding. Compared with a second-order electromechanical ΣΔM, which only uses the sensing element as a loop filter, here it is cascaded with additional electronic integrators to form a fifth-order electromechanical ΣΔM, which leads to better signal to quantization noise ratio (SQNR). This novel approach is analysed and system level simulations are presented. A printed circuit board (PCB) prototype of this high-order ΣΔM loop was built and tested. The experimental data agree well with the simulation results.
Analysis of the Design Elements for the Children's Picture Books Based on VR

The research of combining virtual reality technology with the design elements of children's picture book education is a relatively new topic in virtual reality technology in recent years. Based on the combination of picture book design elements with virtual reality technology and the development of a children's picture book teaching game, this article analyzes the effectiveness of the application of virtual reality technology in children's teaching, and explores the usability of picture book design elements in teaching [1]. Through literature research methods, practical research methods and investigation research methods, this paper lucubrates the application of virtual reality technology in the design elements of children's picture book education so as to provide adequate theoretical and practical support for the research theme. The spatial positioning, vision, sound, and functional requirements of children's picture book games play a leading role in teaching. Practical statistics have proved that it is easier to promote children's mastery of teaching knowledge in a virtual environment. Moreover, use VR's game management function and setting function to solve the boringness of traditional education methods and the limitations of the teaching environment. The feasibility of game operation provides a virtual teaching platform system for children's education, and the teaching effect is remarkable.
Status of a Tapered Element, Oscillating Microbalance-Based Continuous Respirable Coal Mine Dust Monitor

Abstract The Mine Safety and Health Administration, Department of Labor, requires coal mine operators to measure compliance with federal respirable dust exposure standards periodically using approved gravimetric samplers. However, the gravimetric approach, with its inherent delays, cannot provide dust concentration data quickly enough to allow on-site correction of inadequate dust control strategies or removal of personnel from harmful environments. Furthermore, alleged tampering with dust samples collected to determine compliance with standards prompted the Secretary of Labor to appoint a special Respirable Dust Task Group to study options to improve monitoring and control of respirable coal mine dust. The Mine Safety and Health Administration's Task Group recommended that the U.S. Bureau of Mines develop a fixed-site monitor that would provide continuous information to the mine worker and mine operator regarding dust levels and the status of compliance with the applicable respirable dust standard. In re.
Optimal inventory control in cardboard box producing factories : a case study

This thesis is a case study in optimal inventory control, applied to Clickabox factory, a South African cardboard box producer from whom cardboard boxes may be ordered at short notice via the internet. The problem of developing a decision–support system for optimal stockholding at the factory, in order to minimize cardboard off–cut wastage subject to required service levels, is addressed in this thesis. Previously a simple replenishment policy, based largely on experience, was implemented at the factory. The inventory model developed for and applied to Clickabox in this thesis takes account of a raw materials substitution cascade, as well as the stochasticity of demand, and other factors such as cost, service level and spatial requirements for the storage of stock. This combination of stochastic demand and product substitution has not, to the author’s knowledge, previously been dealt with in the literature. There are two primary deliverables of this study. The first is a suggestion as to the suitable stock composition (cardboard types from which boxes may be manufactured) to be kept in inventory at the factory. The second deliverable is a computerised decision–support system, based on the inventory model developed, to aid in future inventory replenishment decisions at Clickabox. Some of the results of this thesis have, at the time of writing, already been implemented with success at the factory. These include the suggestions given to the management of Clickabox as to the suitable stock types to be held in inventory, which have been implemented in stages since March 2003. The suggested stock composition has proven to be superior to the previous stock types held, in terms of a reduction in off–cut wastage and increased availability of suitable boards.
Solving second order ordinary differential equations by using Newton’s interpolation and Aitken’s methods

In this paper, the methods called Newton’s interpolation and Aitken’s methods were developed and examined. We use Newton’s interpolation and Aitken’s methods to find the exact and analytic results for three different types of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (NLODEs) of first and second order through illustrative examples. By using the new method, we successfully handle some class of nonlinear ordinary differential equations of first and second order in a simple and elegant way compared to Newton’s and Lagrange methods in previous studies. One can conclude that Newton’s interpolation and Aitken’s methods are easy to yield and implement actual precise results.
Relational Complexity in Pediatric Oncology Nursing: A Hermeneutic Inquiry

In this paper, I explore the fit of philosophical hermeneutics with understanding relational complexity in pediatric oncology nursing. I begin by introducing the applicability of philosophical hermeneutics to the practice of nursing and nursing research. I then contextualize pediatric oncology and offer my address of the topic of relational complexity in nurse-parent relationships within pediatric oncology contexts. In the second part of the paper, I draw connections between Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics and relational complexity by considering the significance of one’s relation to the other, conversation and self-disclosure, and the interpretation of friendship in nurse-parent relationships. I conclude the paper by briefly returning to how my research, guided by philosophical hermeneutics, might contribute to nursing practice.
Extending Shelf Life of Mandarin Fruit using Pomegranate Peel Extract

Currently, the use of chemicals is reduced due to environmental problems and their negative impacts on human health. Besides, their use has been prohibited in some cases. Postharvest decay caused by fungal pathogens is one of the most important challenges facing the fresh citrus industry. So, the use of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) at the concentrations of 0, 33, 50, and 100% were used to reduce decay and maintain the postharvest qualitative characteristics of mandarin fruit. After treatment with PPE, the fruits were stored for 20 days. Traits such as weight loss, decay percentage, total soluble solids, total acidity, fruit firmness, color index, and sensory evaluation were investigated every five days. The lowest weight-loss percentage (14.71 %) was obtained for the fruits treated with 100% PPE as compared with the untreated fruits (42.28%). The fruits treated with PPE maintained firmness compared with the untreated fruits. The fruits treated with PPE showed the lowest acidity reduction at the end of the storage period. At the end of the storage period, the fruits treated with 100% PPE and the untreated fruits showed the lowest and highest fruit decay (16.3% and 39.6%), respectively. The results showed that the application of PPE increased the overall acceptance of panelists from the treated samples. By increasing the concentrations of PPE to 100%, all sensory parameters were improved and could gain a better acceptance by panelists. The highest level of utility and final acceptance in pomegranate peel-treated fruits were obtained at 100%. The untreated fruits showed a lower overall acceptance rate. The findings showed that the postharvest application of PPE improved the qualitative characteristics and sensory properties, so it is recommended to use 100% PPE to reduce the decay and extend the postharvest storage of mandarin.
Effect of Hot Air Treatment on Physio-Chemical Properties of Pomegranate Arils

Hot air treatment has been applied on a wide range of horticultural crops to control postharvest decay and to maintain quality characteristics. To evaluate the effect of hot air treatment on physio-chemical properties of pomegranate arils, an experiment was carried out in a factorial experiment using a completely randomized design with four replications in 2015. About 200 g of ‘‘Rabab-e-Neyriz’’ pomegranate arils were placed in 350 mg polypropylene boxes with three holes on top for ventilation. Boxes were heated at 35 °C, 40 °C and 45 °C and 80% relative humidity for 30, 60, and 120 min in oven. After being cooled at an ambient temperature, boxes were stored at 5 °C (RH= 70-80%) for 15 days. The scored results of decay assay showed that heated “Rabab” arils at 35 °C till 45 °C decayed lesser than those untreated during storage period. Hot air temperature at 45 °C for 120 min resulted in the highest weight loss at the end of storage period. The highest total soluble solids content was belonged to the arils heated at 45 °C for 30 min. Hot air treatments increased pH and TSS/TA ratio of aril juice. Hot air temperature treatment decreased antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds and total anthocyanin of arils during storage period, whilst hot air treatment had no significant effect on color values. Generally, the application of mild heat treatments could be considered as a non-contaminant postharvest tool to maintain functional and nutritive properties of arils during postharvest storage.
Pengenalan Suara Paru-Paru dengan MFCC sebagai Ekstraksi Ciri dan Backpropagation sebagai Classifier

Paru-paru merupakan organ vital manusia yang berperan dalam proses pernapasan. Jika paru-paru mengalami gangguan maka sistem pernapasan manusia juga akan mengalami gangguan yang bisa menyebabkan kecacatan bahkan kematian. Untuk mengevaluasi keadaan paru-paru dapat dilakukan dengan mendengarkan suara pernapasan dengan menggunakan stateskop. Teknik ini dikenal dengan teknik auskultasi. Teknik ini paling sering digunakan namun memiliki beberapa kelemahan yaitu suara paru-paru berada pada frekuensu rendah, masalah kebisingan lingkungan, kepekaan telinga, hasil analisa yang subjektif, dan pola suara yang hampir mirip. Karena faktor-faktor di atas kesalahan diagnosa bisa terjadi jika proses auskultasi tidak dilakukan dengan benar. Dalam penelitian ini, akan dibuat pengenalan suara paru-paru normal dan abnormal menggunakan Mel Frequency Cepstrum koefisien (MFCC) sebagai ekstraksi ciri dan Backpropagation sebagai classifier. Suara paru-paru akan dihitung Coeffisient Ceptral nya sebagai penciri dari masing-masing suara untuk selanjutnya dikenali dengan menggunakan Backpropagation. Metode yang diusulkan memberikan akurasi 93.97% untuk data latih dan 92.66% untuk data uji. Kata kunci: Backpropagation, MFCC, pengenalan suara paru-paru
A New Grey Bass Equation for Modelling New Product Diffusion

A novel grey Bass model with a power exponent (Grey Bass Power Model) was proposed, and the related parameter-packets of the model were deduced. A nonlinear programming method was employed to optimize the grey parameters and improve the accuracy of the grey Bass model. The results show that GM(1,1) model, GPM (1,1) model, grey Verhulst model and grey Bass model are the special examples of grey Bass power model. The actual example of product diffusion shows the modelling accuracy has been remarkably improved by using the new model.
Applications of statistical physics theories on research and innovation networks

Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η μελέτη δικτύων έρευνας και καινοτομίας με μεθόδους που προέρχονται από την Στατιστική Φυσική και την Θεωρία Δικτύων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, εξετάζεται η δομή και ο τρόπος εξέλιξής τους και γίνεται προσπάθεια για την εξήγηση των παρατηρούμενων αλλαγών. Αρχικά, εξετάστηκε το δίκτυο αναφορών των πατεντών με καταγεγραμμένες πατέντες στο Ευρωπαϊκό Γραφείο Πατεντών (EPO) και σε μία διεθνή συνθήκη προστασίας εφευρέσεων (PCT) από το 1978 έως το 2016. Σε αυτό το δίκτυο έγινε δομική μελέτη βρίσκοντας την κατανομή του αριθμού συνδέσεων των κόμβων και εφαρμόστηκε η μέθοδος k-shell decomposition. Η μέθοδος αυτή κάνει μία αποδόμηση του δικτύου σε κελύφη, για την εύρεση των πιο σημαντικών πατεντών όσον αφορά την δομή του δικτύου. Στα κελύφη που προέκυψαν πραγματοποιήθηκε γεωγραφική και θεματική ανάλυση. Έγινε επίσης μελέτη της εξέλιξης του δικτύου εφαρμόζοντας την θεωρία της διήθησης όπου και παρατηρήθηκαν αλλαγές διαχρονικά στην δημιουργία του μέγιστου συσσωματώματος. Για την δημιουργία δικτύων με παρόμοια συμπεριφορά και εξήγηση των παρατηρούμενων αλλαγών γίνεται χρήση ενός υβριδικού μοντέλου δημιουργίας δικτύων με χαρακτηριστικά από την θεωρία των τυχαίων δικτύων και των δικτύων προτιμητέας προσάρτησης (Barabási–Albert). Στην συνέχεια γίνεται μελέτη ενός δικτύου που αποτελείται από δύο επίπεδα. Το πρώτο αποτελείται από τις συνεργασίες που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί μεταξύ εφευρετών για την δημιουργία πατεντών που έχουν καταχωρηθεί στο Ευρωπαϊκό Γραφείο Πατεντών και το δεύτερο αποτελείται από τις ερευνητικές συνεργασίες στα πλαίσια των Ευρωπαϊκών Επιχειρησιακών Προγραμμάτων Χρηματοδότησης της Έρευνας FP5-7 και Horizon2020. Οι κόμβοι του δικτύου είναι οι γεωγραφικές περιοχές των επιστημόνων και εφευρετών, ενώ υπάρχει σύνδεση μεταξύ δύο κόμβων όταν επιστήμονες από διαφορετικές περιοχές συνεργάζονται. Για την δομική μελέτη αυτού του δικτύου θα χρησιμοποιηθεί η έννοια των multilinks, ένας δείκτης που περιγράφει την συνδεσιμότητα μεταξύ δύο κόμβων σε όλα τα επίπεδα του δικτύου, και θα μελετηθεί η εξέλιξή τους. Παρατηρούμε παρόμοια εξέλιξη των multilinks διαχρονικά και προτείνουμε ένα μοντέλο τριών διαφορικών εξισώσεων και έξι παραμέτρων που να την περιγράφει και το οποίο προσαρμόζουμε στα πραγματικά δεδομένα για να βρούμε τις τιμές των παραμέτρων. Τέλος, στο ίδιο πολύ-επίπεδο δίκτυο πραγματοποιείται μελέτη με την χρήση της έννοιας των τριγώνων για να βρεθεί αν υπάρχει τάση για την δημιουργία εκτεταμένων ή μεμονωμένων συνδέσεων. Για τον λόγο αυτό χωρίζουμε τα δεδομένα σε διάφορα υπό-δίκτυα, υπολογίζουμε τον αριθμό των τριγώνων σε κάθε επίπεδο και τον συγκρίνουμε με αποτελέσματα που προκύπτουν από τυχαία δίκτυα με τις ίδιες ιδιότητες. Η ίδια μελέτη επαναλαμβάνεται κάνοντας χρήση του συντελεστή συσσωματώματος.
THE MISSING LINK BETWEEN PORE-SCALE ANCHORING AND PORE-SCALE PREDICTION

An earlier paper by the authors (SCA 2001-15) discussed the predictive capability of pore-scale network models by using real experimental data as lithological "anchors". The ultimate goal of this approach was to produce an anchored model capable of relative permeability prediction. An additional advantage of having such a calibrated model would be that a wide range of rock/fluid sensitivities could be examined without recourse to additional experiments. Paper SCA 2001-15 presented a preliminary methodology — utilising mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) data — that could permit the matching of existing experimental gas/oil relative permeability curves. Results demonstrated that a basic fourparameter model was sufficient to reproduce the vast majority of experimental drainage relative permeability curves that were examined. The constrained set of adjustable parameters in the macropore network model comprised: coordination number (z), pore size distribution exponent (n), pore volume exponent (ν) and pore conductivity exponent (λ). Each of these quantities has a clear physical interpretation. However, we also showed that anchoring network models to mercury intrusion data alone was insufficient for predicting relative permeabilities a prior. There was an interdependence of parameters and, consequently, an infinite set of parameter combinations could be chosen that matched the MICP data but gave very different relative permeability predictions. It was concluded that future analysis of MICP data should be performed in conjunction with the analysis of some other independent experiment — an experiment that would give the additional data that could form the “missing link” between anchoring and prediction. We have developed two approaches to evaluating this missing link. In the present paper, we present one potential approach and show how a unique parameter combination can be derived using only MICP data and routinely-measured residual saturations (Srw and Srnw). The methodology incorporates some simple ideas from percolation theory and is first verified using synthetic MICP data and residual saturations obtained from anonymous network simulations. The anonymous data is analysed using our new approach and we find that we can successfully retrieve the unique parameter combination used to generate the synthetic data. Having obtained the relevant parameter combination, we then go on to predict the corresponding relative permeability curves. Predictions are shown to be in excellent agreement with the anonymous data and we then go on to examine laboratory core data using the same approach.