Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reject Before You Run: Small Assessors Anticipate Big Language Models

Large Language Models (LMs) are expensive to operate. It would be more frugal to avoid querying them when results are predictably bad. In this paper we therefore investigate whether it is possible to granularly predict the performance of these large LMs with a much smaller external model, the assessor, which is trained on evaluation results. For instance, given an input prompt, can an assessor estimate the probability of correct completion by a giant like GPT-3 Davinci (175B parameters)? Using a data-wrangling task included in the BIG-bench repository as a case study, we find it is indeed possible, and we report results that are comparable in accuracy and calibration to the LM itself. This suggests that, at least for some tasks, a lot of compute, money, and emissions could be spared through the assessor’s anticipative reject option. It also suggests that assessors can capture meaningful extra information from the evaluation procedure, and as such, could be a useful complement to simple aggregate metrics.
WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORK (WBAN) FOR HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM USING SENSORS AND ANDROID APPLICATION

: Body area network (BAN) is an affirmating technology for real-time monitoring of physiological parameters of the patients. Tele medical system is provided when wireless technology is combined with body area network. When the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) comes in contact with the Android based smart phones gives a latest technology and is easy to use. The telemedical systems measures and evaluate the parameters such as heart rate, temperature, accelerometer and level. WBAN along with the use of the sensors, localization of patient, stores the data, analysis and representation on the smart phone, transmission of the data and emergency communication with the one who enrolled email address at the setting activity and a clinical server can perform the operation using this system. The Bluetooth based sensor nodes takes the parameters of patients then perform signal processing and data analysis, data recording and send results to the coordinator node.
Explicating the Enigma Through the Cultural Lens: Media Stereotyping as a “Ritual”

Media, communication, and cultural scholars have repeatedly criticized news media’s enactment of cultural stereotypes. While their criticism has merits, it rests on the view that communication is about facts and information, leaving scholarship clueless as to why stereotyping by the media continues. This qualitative study, which complements previously executed quantitative investigations, probed well-known, well-worn media stereotypes over a 30-year period and argues that the recurrent use of national clichés in the news media is indicative of the “ritual” function of communication; through this lens, we may begin to understand the underlying logic behind such unreflexive, repetitive, and often demeaning nature of cultural stereotyping. The study’s broader implication in the new, digitalized information environment plagued by repetition of misinformation is discussed.
Neurobiology of Disease A homozygous MRPL24 mutation causes a complex movement disorder and a ﬀ ects the mitoribosome assembly

choreoathetosis of limbs and face, intellectual dis- ability and a combined defect of complexes I and IV in muscle biopsy, caused by a homozygous missense mutation identi ﬁ ed in MRPL24 . The variant predicts a Leu91Pro substitution at an evolutionarily conserved site. Using human mutant cells and the zebra ﬁ sh model, we demonstrated the pathological role of the identi ﬁ ed variant. In fact, in ﬁ broblasts we observed a signi ﬁ cant reduction of MRPL24 protein and of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I and IV subunits, as well a markedly reduced synthesis of the mtDNA-encoded peptides. In zebra ﬁ sh we demonstrated that the orthologue gene is expressed in metabolically active tissues, and that gene knockdown induced locomotion impairment, structural defects and low ATP production. The motor phenotype was complemented by human WT but not mutant cRNA. Moreover, sucrose density gradient frac- tionation showed perturbed assembly of large subunit mitoribosomal proteins, suggesting that the mutation leads to a conformational change in MRPL24, which is expected to cause an aberrant interaction of the protein with other components of the 39S mitoribosomal subunit.
Viral Hijacking of Mitochondrial Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase

ABSTRACT The primer for reverse transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome is tRNA3Lys. During assembly of HIV-1 particles, tRNA3Lys is taken up from the host cell along with lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS), the tRNA binding protein that specifically aminoacylates the different tRNALys isoacceptors. In humans, the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial species of LysRS are encoded by a single gene by means of alternative splicing. Here, we show that polyclonal antibodies directed to the full-length cytoplasmic enzyme equally recognized the two enzyme species. We raised antibodies against synthetic peptides that allowed discrimination between the two enzymes and found that mitochondrial LysRS is the only cellular source of LysRS detected in the virions. These results open new routes for understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the specific packaging of tRNA3Lys into viral particles.
Research Online Research Efficient Fixed-base exponentiation and scalar multiplication Efficient Fixed-base exponentiation and scalar multiplication based on a multiplicative splitting exponent recoding based on a multiplicative splitting exponent recoding

Abstract Digital signature algorithm (DSA) (resp. ECDSA) involves modular exponentiation (resp. scalar multiplication) of a public and known base by a random one-time exponent. In order to speed up this operation, well-known methods take advantage of the memorization of base powers (resp. base multiples). Best approaches are the Fixed-base radix-R method and the Fixed-base Comb method. In this paper, we present a new approach for storage/online computation trade-off, by using a multiplicative splitting of the digits of the exponent radix-R representation. We adapt classical algorithms for modular exponentiation and scalar multiplication in order to take advantage of the proposed exponent recoding. An analysis of the complexity for practical size shows that our proposed approach involves a lower storage for a given level of online computation. This is confirmed by implementation results showing significant memory saving, up to 3 times for the largest NIST standardized key sizes, compared to the state-of-the-art approaches. Fixed-base exponentiation and scalar based on a multiplicative splitting exponent recoding. Abstract Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) (resp. ECDSA) involves modular exponentiation (resp. scalar multiplication) of a public and known base by a random one-time exponent. In order to speed-up this operation, well-known methods take advantage of the memorization of base powers (resp. base multiples). Best approaches are the Fixed-base Radix- R method and the Fixed-base Comb method. In this paper we present a new approach for storage/online computation trade-oﬀ, by using a multiplicative splitting of the digits of the exponent radix- R representation. We adapt classical algorithms for modular exponentiation and scalar multiplication in order to take advantage of the proposed exponent recoding. An analysis of the complexity for practical size shows that our proposed approach involves a lower storage for a given level of online computation. This is conﬁrmed by implementation results showing signiﬁcant memory saving, up to 3 times for the largest NIST standardized key sizes, compared to the state of the art approaches.
g-C 3 N 4 -Stabilised Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskites for Efﬁcient Photocatalytic Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol

: The outstanding optoelectronic performance and facile synthetic approach of metal halide perovskites has inspired additional applications well beyond efﬁcient solar cells and light emitting diodes (LEDs). Herein, we present an alternative option available for the optimisation of selective and efﬁcient oxidation of benzylic alcohols through photocatalysis. The materials engineering of hybrids based on formamidine lead bromide (FAPbBr 3 ) and graphic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is achieved via facile anti-solvent approach. The photocatalytic performance of the hybrids is highly reliant on weight ratio between FAPbBr 3 and g-C 3 N 4 . Besides, the presence of g-C 3 N 4 dramatically enhances the long-term stability of the hybrids, compared to metal oxides hybrids. Detailed optical, electrical and thermal studies reveal the proposed novel photocatalytic and stability behaviours arising in FAPbBr 3 and g-C 3 N 4 hybrid materials.
The zinc finger proteins Mxr1p and ROP have the same DNA binding specificity but regulate methanol metabolism antagonistically in

The methanol-inducible alcohol oxidase I ( AOXI ) promoter of the methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris is widely used for the production of recombinant proteins. AOXI transcription is regulated by the zinc finger protein Mxr1p (methanol expression regulator 1). ROP (repressor of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, PEPCK) is a methanol- and biotin starvation-inducible zinc finger protein that acts as a negative regulator of PEPCK in P. pastoris cultured in biotin-deficient, glucose-ammonium medium. The function of ROP during methanol metabolism is not known. In this study, we demonstrate that ROP represses methanol-inducible expression of AOXI when P. pastoris is cultured in a nutrient-rich medium yeast extract, peptone and methanol (YPM). gene encoding ROP results in enhanced expression of AOXI and growth promotion while overexpression of ROP results in repression of AOXI and growth retardation of P. pastoris cultured in YPM medium. Surprisingly, deletion or overexpression of ROP has no effect on AOXI gene expression and growth of P. pastoris cultured in a minimal medium containing yeast nitrogen base and methanol (YNBM). Subcellular localization studies indicate that ROP translocates from cytosol to nucleus of cells cultured in YPM but not YNBM. In vitro DNA binding studies indicate that AOXI promoter sequences containing 5’ CYCCNY 3’ motifs serve as binding sites for Mxr1p as well as ROP. Thus, Mxr1p and ROP exhibit the same DNA binding specificity but regulate methanol metabolism antagonistically in P. pastoris. This is the first report on the identification of a transcriptional repressor of methanol metabolism in any yeast species.
COMPARATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF AUTOGENOUS AND ANAUTOGENOUS AEDES CASPIUS PALLAS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) TO FILARIA PARASITE WUCHERERIA (FILARIIDEA:

: Autogenous and anautogenous forms of Aedes ( Ae. ) caspius were evaluated for their ability to support the development of the human filarial parasite Wuchereria ( W. ) bancrofti . Female mosquitoes were allowed to feed on human microfilaremic volunteer circulating 35 microfilariae (mf)/ 50 µl blood. The two forms showed different patterns in acquiring filarial infection (40 and 61.5% in the autogenous and anautogenous forms respectively). Anautogenous females ingested twice the microfilariae number ingested by autogenous ones. The mortality rate of autogenous females (75.4%) was higher than that of anautogenous females (57.9%). Both autogenous and anautogenous forms of Ae. caspius failed to support the development of the filarial parasite. However, few females supported the development of few numbers of immature stages of W. bancrofti . Only 4 out of 25 infected autogenous and 3 out of 27 infected anautogenous female mosquitoes were found harbouring infective L 3 filarial larvae. The results of comparison on susceptibility of autogenous and anautogenous forms indicated that both forms of Ae. caspius yielded similar high refractoriness for developing W. bancrofti parasite. The autogenous and anautogenous forms of Ae. caspius are incapable of transmitting W. bancrofti parasite in Egypt.
Non-trivial Balance of Centrifuge Rotors

—Loading test tubes in opposite holes and adding the dummy tube are far from being the only ways to balance the centrifuge rotors. The balance can be sought with higher-order symmetrical configurations of tubes, which offer operational advantages, particularly in dealing with tubes of unequal mass. Since higher-order symmetrical configurations are a bit complicated, centrifugeR was introduced as a tool to assist centrifuge operators in the adoption of this non-trivial approach.
Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of SnS2 and SnSe2

The electronic band structUres of Sns i and SnSe2 are calculated by using the Empiri-cal Pseudopotential Method. The potentials were obtained by scaling those usedin'other energy band calculations. The symmetry properties of the crystals are treated in detail and the optical constants are calculated. Comparison l1ith experiment is also made.
Latent program modeling: Inferring latent problem-solving strategies from a PISA problem-solving task

Response process data have the potential to provide a rich description of test-takers’ thinking processes. However, retrieving insights from these data presents a challenge for educational assessments and educational data mining as they are complex and not well annotated. The present study addresses this challenge by developing a computational model that simulates how different problem-solving strategies would behave while searching for a solution to a Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 problem-solving item, and uses n-gram processing of data together with a na¨ıve Bayesian classifier to infer latent problem-solving strategies from the test-takers’ response process data. The retrieval of simulated strategies improved with increased n-gram length, reaching an accuracy of 0 . 72 on the original PISA task. Applying the model to generalized versions of the task showed that classification accuracy increased with problem size and the mean number of actions, reaching a classification accuracy of 0 . 90 for certain task versions. The strategy that was most efficient and effective in the PISA Traffic task evaluated paths based on the labeled travel time. However, in generalized versions of the task, a straight line strategy was more effective. When applying the classifier to empirical data, most test-takers were classified as using a random path strategy (46%) . Test-takers classified as using the travel time strategy had the highest probability of solving the task (ˆ p ≈ 1) . The test-takers classified as using the random actions strategy had the lowest probability of solving the task (ˆ p ≈ 0 . 11) . The effect of (classified) strategy on general PISA problem-solving performance was overall weak, except for a negative effect for the random actions strategy ( β ≈ − 65 , CI 95% ≈ [ − 96 , − 36]) . The study contributes with a novel approach to inferring latent problem-solving strategies from action sequences. The study also illustrates how simulations can provide valuable information about item design by exploring how changing item properties could affect the accuracy of inferences about unobserved problem-solving strategies.
Computer analysis of oxygen adsorption at SnO 2 thin films

An influence of oxidation of SnO2 thin films on depletion layer electronic parameters and film conductance has been studied by means of computer simulations. The surface potential value and in-depth potential profiles in the depletion region have been obtained by solving the Poisson–Boltzmann equation in the case of grains with slab geometry and different doping. The SnO2 grain thickness was in the range from 20 to 500 nm. The surface coverage by oxygen ions ( ) as well as film conductance per square and its sensitivity versus temperature (from 300 to 900 K) have been rigorously calculated. The effect of donor (oxygen vacancies) mobility and degree of donor ionisation has been taken into account.
Damped Vibrations of Parabolic Tapered Non-homogeneous Infinite Rectangular Plate Resting on Elastic Foundation (RESEARCH NOTE)

In the present paper, damped vibrations of non-homogeneous infinite rectangular plate of parabolically varying thickness resting on elastic foundation has been studied. Following Lévy approach, the equation of motion of plate of varying thickness in one direction is solved by quintic spline method. The effect of damping, elastic foundation and taperness is discussed with permissible range of parameters. The frequency parameter Ω decreases as damping parameter Dk increases and it decreases faster in clamped-simply supported as compared to clamped-clamped boundary conditions. It was also observed that in the presence of damping parameter Dk the frequency parameter Ω decreases continuously with increasing value of taper parameter for both the boundary conditions but variations were found in the absence of damping parameter. doi: 10.5829/idosi.ije. 2015.28. 07a.15
Near infrared and chemometrics applied to noninvasive in vivo blood analysis: Overview of last twenty years of development.

- A blood test is critical to assess overall health and identify possible disorders: anemia, infections, leukemia, diabetes, etc. However, currently available techniques involve invasive blood collection, which is very uncomfortable for patients. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a highly flexible form of analysis that can be applied to a wide range of analytical applications. Long a basic technology in remote sensing, NIR spectroscopy has become popular as an economical tool for chemical analysis. NIR spectroscopy can be used to analyze multiple constituents in a single scan and to identify a non-destructive or non-invasive analysis method. Chemometrics is an area that refers to the application of statistical and mathematical methods, as well as those based on mathematical logic, to more complex data treatments in order to relate the obtained signals (for example, intensities) to the desired results (concentrations). Thus, the association between NIR and chemometrics has led to the development of an unprecedented technology in blood analysis, precisely because it allows a fast, inexpensive, and non-invasive method. In this review, we have covered the major advances in this area over the last twenty years and, as you will see, technology for bloodless blood analysis is not a dream but a reality. FFT ﬁlter easy-to-use fringes transmittance oral fasting transmission ﬁngertip shortwave overtone mg/dL characterize performing using
Case Alopecia as the presenting symptom of syphilis

Alopecia can be one of the many symptoms of secondary syphilis and the clinical presentations include essential syphilitic alopecia or symptomatic syphilitic alopecia. In this report, we present a case of a patient with essential syphilitic alopecia whose sole presenting symptom of syphilis was alopecia. Despite an initial negative rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test, he was ultimately found to have syphilis on scalp biopsy. His alopecia improved following treatment with benzathine penicillin. This presentation serves as a reminder to clinicians to be cognizant of alopecia as a presenting sign of syphilis. A review of the specificity and sensitivity of the typical tests used for the diagnosis is presented.
Enhancing the Affective Sensitivity of Location Based Services Using Situation-Person-Dependent Semantic Similarity

—Location prediction plays a steadily growing role in Location Based Services (LBS), as these try to be more proactive and improve in this way the quality of service provided. Although recent location prediction systems go beyond just location data and build upon a wide range of models that describe semantic locations and personal preferences, none of them considers locations from the view of the user. Moreover, none takes into account the variance in people’s way of perceiving and understanding concepts (locations in our case) depending on the situation. Minsky referred to this as (cognitive) frames . This paper posits that a dynamic semantic-similarity-based clustering of locations can be used for mining such location-speciﬁc frames, e.g. the varying meanings that people give to locations over time depending on the situation, their personality and their emotional state. The resulting situation-person-speciﬁc frames can in turn be used to enhance the location prediction.
General Regression Neural Networks for the Timely, Reliable and Efficient Monitoring, Detection, Localization, Identification of Detector Malfunctions as well as of Nuclear (Power) Plant Deviations from Steady-State Operation

— The analysis of nuclear (power) plant (N(P)P) neutron flux (NF) signals is imperative for ensuring safe and optimal 1 on-line N(P)P operation. Rather than the NF signals per se, it is the NF signal perturbations that are of interest, as the latter provide precise information concerning the instantaneous (relative) changes in N(P)P operation/status. In this piece of research, general regression artificial neural networks (GRNNs) are implemented for monitoring and concurrently identifying (detecting, classifying and localizing) both N(P)P deviations from steady-state operation and neutron detector (ND) malfunctions, in a timely, reliable and maximally efficient manner. The proposed approach accomplishes modularity and flexibility of operation by employing (a) raw NF signals as its source of information and (b) complementary NF signal encodings – derived from pertinent ND configurations – of the problem space. The use of GRNNs is found most satisfactory for the present monitoring/operation and malfunction detection/localization task, combining (i) low computational (time as well as space) complexity during GRNN training and testing, implemented by the straightforward optimization of the spread ( σ ) parameter and single-pass training/testing, with (ii) transparency of construction and (iii) accuracy and consistency in the identification of the cause(s) behind deviating-from-normal N(P)P behaviour, (iv) partial only GRNN retraining following modification of the training set. It is envisaged that appropriately combining the responses derived from different GRNNs shall further improve both the accuracy and the sensitivity of deviation/malfunction detection . semi-parametric spline (SPS), nuclear (power) plant (N(P)P), detector