Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INNOVATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES:

Knowledge creation processes and the innovation systems through which it is transferred for the benefit of society are the economic driver of industrial economies in the globalized era, yet developing countries seeking to move through the transition from developing to developed status are struggling . A variety of theories and a range of speculations have been offered as to why some nations are more innovative than others, however little of this literature examines the theoretical and practical applicability of innovation models based on industrial societies for developing nations. This thesis examines a selection of theoretical innovation system models, analyzes their roots and assesses their applicability to transition economies where various pieces of the system present structural differences relative to developed nations. This thesis uses Mexico as a case study. In the fifteen years since the 1994-95 collapse of Mexico’s financial sector and the resulting economic crisis, the Mexican economy has made impressive progress towards macro-economic consolidation and stability. The OECD (2004) observes that the inflation rate has fallen from around 50% during the economic collapse of 1995 to about 4% in 2006. GDP growth has averaged 3.2% in the period from 1994 to 2008 (compared to the OECD average of 2.7%). As a partner in the North American Free Trade Agreement, trade liberalization has allowed Mexico to consolidate its export base and to specialize in mediumand high-technology manufacturing. However, the industrial sector in Mexico still shows a slow pace in developing, adopting and investing in technology. The Mexican industrial sector is lead by multinational firms that have located in Mexico due to the cheap costs of labour, while most of the research and development performed by these firms takes place outside of Mexico.
Farmland loss and livelihood outcomes: a microeconometric analysis of household surveys in Vietnam

Although there has been much discussion in the literature about the impacts of farmland loss (due to urbanization) on household livelihoods, no econometric evidence of these effects has been provided thus far. This paper, hence, is the first to quantify the effects of farmland loss on household livelihood outcomes in peri-urban areas of Hanoi, Vietnam. Our study found no econometric evidence for negative effects of farmland loss on either income or expenditure per adult equivalent. In addition, the results show that farmland loss has an indirect positive impact on household welfare, via its positive impact on the choice of nonfarm-based livelihoods.
Formulation and evaluation of Deflazacort controlled release tablets

The objective of the study was to develop matrix tablets for oral controlled release of Deflazacort. In present study controlled release tablets of deflazocart were successfully developed using wet granulation method. To achieve better patient compliance and for prolonged release of drug from the dosage form. Formulation development of diffusion based controlled release matrix tablets of Deflazacort using polymers such as HPMC K100M, Ethylcellulose 50CPS and HPC and their combinations and selection of the best formulation among them. Flow properties – Angle of repose, loose bulk density, tapped density and also % Carr’s compressibility was determined for all the formulations which showed good flow property. The thickness found uniform, hardness and friability values of all the formulation tablets prepared by wet granulation method were within the limits and found to be mechanically stable. In vitro dissolution results showed that % of drug release was prolonged in formulation F12 that is up to 12 hours when compared to other formulations. This indicates that the drug released from the formulation F12 was effective up to 12 hours.
Scaling of impact crater formation on planetary surfaces

Numerical modeling of impact cratering can be used to study the relationship between impact energy and crater size, the so-called scaling relation. Numerical modeling allows for a detailed determination of scaling parameters that depend on target properties. In our numerical models we varied the coefficient of internal friction, cohesion, and porosity independently to investigate the effect on the size of the transient crater. Generally it can be said the higher coefficient of friction, the more porous the target, and the larger the cohesive strength the smaller the resulting crater.
Investigation on the Strain Rate Sensitivity of Polytetrafluoroethylene

Strain rate sensitivity of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) across strain rate range from 10-3 to 106 s-1 was investigated. For quasi-static state of strain rates from10-3 to 10-1 s-1, the samples were tested using universal material testing machine. The values of compression strength and Young’s Modulus were calculated from the experimental results. And exponential fitting and linear fitting were done to the experimental data of compression strength and Young’s Modulus, respectively. The quasi-static experimental results are compared with Zerillie-Armstrong model for polymers, which shows better agreement at large strains. For 102~103 s-1, the samples were tested using traditional split Hopkinson pressure bars (SHPBs). The experimental result was compared with other test of as-received sample. For 105~106 s-1, the PTFE dynamic pressure experiment was conducted using pressure-shear-plate-impact (PSPI) facility. The polymer-specific Lennard-Jones model was used to analyze the results of ultra-high strain rate.
Influence of spatial temperature estimation method in ecohydrologic modeling in the Western Oregon Cascades

Most spatially explicit hydrologic models require estimates of air temperature patterns. For these models, empirical relationships between elevation and air temperature are frequently used to upscale point measurements or downscale regional and global climate model estimates of air temperature. Mountainous environments are particularly sensitive to air temperature estimates as spatial gradients are substantial, and air temperature plays a critical role in snow‐related processes. We use a distributed, coupled ecohydrologic model to compare estimates of streamflow, snowmelt, transpiration, and net primary productivity (NPP) using five temperature interpolation approaches for a forested mountain basin that is dominated by a rain‐snow zone in Western Oregon, USA. We compare model estimates using a standard adiabatic lapse rate of −6.5°C km−1; basin‐specific lapse rates created using daily point observations at high, middle, and low elevations; and gridded temperature estimates from the Parameter‐elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) derived at 800 and 50 m resolutions. We show that temperature interpolation strategies influence model calibration. Point‐based estimates using a low‐elevation station or 800 m PRISM grids result in significantly fewer parameter sets that model streamflow well, suggesting a bias in parameter selection due to errors in input data. The greatest postcalibration impact of temperature lapse rate estimates occurs for model estimates of NPP. The constant temperature lapse rate results in substantially reduced NPP estimates that are more sensitive to the interannual variation in climate forcing.
A view from the outside: some thoughts on the research priorities for Mesolithic and Neolithic studies in Britain and Ireland

This paper considers some possible avenues for new research into the study of lithics for British and Irish assemblages dating from the Mesolithic and Neolithic. While scholars have been successful in extracting detail on technological aspects of stone tools, it is argued that we now need to integrate other approaches into our consideration of stone tools. Firstly, the significance of colour in relation to stone tools is considered. Secondly, this paper discusses how specific research questions can help frame the methodologies used for both the collection, and subsequent analysis, of chipped stone assemblages. The research questions for the Southern Kintyre Project are briefly discussed, and new scientific techniques are outlined which could potentially answer these questions. This paper also argues that by making our methods more accessible to the wider archaeological community via the World Wide Web we can potentially enable other people to run their own projects. Ultimately this could mean we could compare results across broad areas. This paper is thus offered as a starting point for thinking about new research priorities which can potentially revitalise our study of lithics. Full reference: Cummings, V. 2010. A view from the outside: some thoughts on the research priorities for Mesolithic and Neolithic studies in Britain and Ireland. Lithics: the Journal of the Lithic Studies Society 31: 68– 77. Keywords: Mesolithic, Neolithic, colour, flint sourcing, fieldwalking, web resources, accessibility.
Nonlinear acoustic beam propagation modeling in dissipative media

Accurate simulation of an intensive ultrasound beam requires taking nonlinear propagation effects into account. A notable example in the field of biomedical ultrasound where the effect of nonlinearity may play a significant role is the high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) as a non-invasive energy-based treatment modality. In this work, a 3D numerical model to simulate nonlinear propagation of continuous wave ultrasound beams in dissipative homogeneous tissue-like media is presented. The model implements a second-order operator splitting method in which the effects of diffraction, nonlinearity and attenuation are propagated over incremental steps. The model makes use of an arbitrary 3D source geometry definition method and a non axi-symmetric propagation scheme, which leads to a 3D solution to the resulting nonlinear ultrasound field. This work builds on methods developed by Tavakkoli et al. (1998) and Zemp et al. (2003) and offers an efficient way to calculate nonlinear field of continuous wave ultrasound sources. The proposed model is a particularly useful computational tool in carrying out simulations of high intensity focused ultrasound beams in soft tissue where the effects of nonlinearity, diffraction, and attenuation are important. The model was validated through comparisons with other established linear and nonlinear numerical models as well as published experimental data.
High resolution spectroscopy of the post-red supergiant IRC+10420 - I. The data

A high resolution optical spectrum of the post-red supergiant candidate IRC+10420 is presented. The Utrecht Echelle Spectrograph observations, with a total integration time of more than 9 hours! provide a spectral coverage front 3850 Angstrom to 1 mu m, and a spectral resolution of 9 km s(-1). The spectrum is shown, and an identification list of lines in the spectrum is provided. From a preliminary analysis of the spectrum we find that the spectral type of IRC+10420 has changed from F8I(+) in 1973 to mid- to early A type now, confirming the results of Oudmaijer et al. (1996), who claimed a change in temperature based on photometric changes. It is shown that most of the emission lines in the spectrum of IRC+10420 are blue-shifted with respect to the systemic velocity traced by circumstellar rotational CO emission. while the (few) absorption lines - with the exception of some high excitation lines are red-shifted by 25 km s(-1), which may suggest infall of material onto the star. Finally, it is found that the interstellar extinction towards IRC+10420 as traced by the Diffuse Interstellar Bands is very large, with an inferred E(B-V) of 1.4 +/- 0.5 compared to a total E(B-V) of 2.4.
Is early intervention effective?

This document is the second part in a report on longitudinal_ecaluations of preschool programs. Part I reviewed long-term, controlled studies in order to generally assess the impact of preschool intervention. Part II reviews follow-up data in order to resolve the following five questions: (1) Do children in experimental programs continue to gain in intellectual development as long as intervention continues? , (2) Are gains increased or maintained after termination of the programs? , (3) Is development enhanced by beginning intervention at earlier ages, including the first years of life? , (4) What kinds of programs are most effective for 'long -range impact? , and (5) Which children from what circumstances are most likely to benefit in the long run from early intervention? The report includes discussion of the nature and limitations of the data used, methodological problems, effects of preschool intervention in group settings, effects of home-based intervention, a sequential strategy for early intervention, and the ecology of intervention, in whicb focus is on the characteristics and problema of d4.sadvantaged families. (DP)
Effect of fatty acids on hyphal growth in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans

Candida albicans est une levure pathogene qui, a l’etat commensal, colonise les muqueuses de la cavite orale et du tractus gastro-intestinal. De nature opportuniste, C. albicans cause de nombreuses infections, allant des candidoses superficielles (muguet buccal, vulvo-vaginite) aux candidoses systemiques severes. C. albicans a la capacite de se developper sous diverses morphologies, telles que les formes levures, pseudohyphes et hyphes. Des stimuli environnementaux mimant les conditions retrouvees chez l’hote (temperature de 37°C, pH neutre, presence de serum) induisent la transition levure-a-hyphe (i.e. morphogenese ou filamentation). Cette transition morphologique contribue a la pathogenicite de C. albicans, du fait que des souches presentant un defaut de filamentation sont avirulentes. Non seulement la morphogenese est un facteur de virulence, mais elle constituerait aussi une cible pour le developpement d’antifongiques. En effet, il a deja ete demontre que l’inhibition de la transition levure-a-hyphe attenuait la virulence de C. albicans lors d’infections systemiques. Par ailleurs, des etudes ont demontre que de nombreuses molecules pouvaient moduler la morphogenese. Parmi ces molecules, certains acides gras, dont l’acide linoleique conjugue (CLA), inhibent la formation d’hyphes. Ainsi, le CLA possederait des proprietes therapeutiques, du fait qu’il interfere avec un determinant de pathogenicite de C. albicans. Par contre, avant d’evaluer son potentiel therapeutique dans un contexte clinique, il est essentiel d’etudier son mode d’action. Ce projet vise a caracteriser l’activite anti-filamentation des acides gras et du CLA et a determiner le mecanisme par lequel ces molecules inhibent la morphogenese chez C. albicans. Des analyses transcriptomiques globales ont ete effectuees afin d’obtenir le profil transcriptionnel de la reponse de C. albicans au CLA. L’acide gras a entraine une baisse des niveaux d’expression de genes encodant des proteines hyphes-specifiques et des regulateurs de morphogenese, dont RAS1. Ce gene code pour la GTPase Ras1p, une proteine membranaire de signalisation qui joue un role important dans la transition levure-a-hyphe. Des analyses de PCR quantitatif ont confirme que le CLA inhibait l’induction de RAS1. De plus, le CLA a non seulement cause une baisse des niveaux cellulaires de Ras1p, mais a aussi entraine sa delocalisation de la membrane plasmique. En affectant les niveaux et la localisation cellulaire de Ras1p, le CLA nuit a l’activation de la voie de signalisation Ras1p-dependante, inhibant ainsi la morphogenese. Il est possible que le CLA altere la structure de la membrane plasmique et affecte indirectement la localisation membranaire de Ras1p. Ces travaux ont permis de mettre en evidence le mode d’action du CLA. Le potentiel therapeutique du CLA pourrait maintenant etre evalue dans un contexte d’infection, permettant ainsi de verifier qu’une telle approche constitue veritablement une strategie pour le traitement des candidoses.
Music and the origins of language: Conclusion

Acknowledgements Introduction 1. Music and language 2. Origins 3. Music theory and the genealogy of knowledge in Condillac's Essai sur l'origine des connaissances humaines 4. Music and original loss in Rousseau's Essai sur l'origine des langues 5. Sensible sounds: music and theories of the passions Conclusion Biography Index.
P1.5 NEAR-FIELD CORRECTIONS FOR METEOROLOGIAL RADARS

Millimeter-wavelength (MMW) cloud radars operating at W-band (95 GHz) and Ka-band (35 GHz) are popular atmospheric research tools because they are compact, have low prime power requirements, and are highly sensitive to small hydrometeors. In order to maximize sensitivity, ground-based systems use large diameter high-gain antennas. However, these antennas have substantial fareld distances as large as several kilometers.
The productivity dispersion of the Korean manufacturing industry and macroeconomic allocation efficiency measures

According to the macroeconomic allocation efficiency measure, particularly based on the methodology of Hsieh and Klenow (2009), Korea’s allocation efficiency in the manufacturing industry deteriorated in the 2000s compared to that in the 1990s. This study compares the potential TFP gain when resource allocation is removed, an indicator of allocation inefficiency according to Hsieh and Klenow (2009), and the productivity dispersion in the Korean manufacturing industry. It finds that the TFP gain may be better explained by TFP dispersions rather than proxies related to factors of distortion. The findings imply that we should investigate the sources of TFP dispersion rather than the sources of distortion to explain increases in the TFP gain (or TFP loss), which is considered as allocation inefficiency in the literature.
Molecular gas in NUclei of GAlaxies (NUGA) XIII. The interacting Seyfert 2/LINER galaxy NGC 5953

We present 12 CO(1–0) and 12 CO(2–1) maps of the interacting Seyfert 2/LINER galaxy NGC 5953 obtained with the IRAM interferometer at resolutions of 2. �� 1 × 1. �� 4a nd 1. �� 1 × 0. �� 7, respectively. We also present single-dish IRAM 30 m observations of the central region of NGC 5953 for the 12 CO(1–0), 12 CO(2–1), and HCN(1–0) transitions at resolutions of 22 �� ,1 2 �� , and 29 �� , respectively. The CO emission is distributed over a disk of diameter ∼16 �� (∼2.2 kpc), within which are several, randomly distributed peaks. The strongest peak does not coincide with the nucleus, but is instead offset from the center, ∼2–3 �� (∼340 pc) toward the west/southwest. The kinematics of the molecular component are quite regular, as is typical of a rotating disk. We also compared the 12 CO distribution of NGC 5953 with observations at other wavelengths in order to study correlations between different tracers of the interstellar medium. The HST/F606W WFPC2 images show flocculent spiral structures and an “S-shape” feature 60 pc in radius, possibly associated with a nuclear bar or with the radio jet. A two-dimensional bulge/disk decomposition of the H-band (HST/F160W) and 3.6 μ m( Spitzer/IRAC) images reveals a circumnuclear “ring” ∼10–14 �� in diameter, roughly coincident in size with the CO disk and with a star-forming ring previously identified in ionized gas. This ring is not present in the near-infrared (NIR) J −K color image, nor is it present in the “dust-only” image constructed from the 8 μm IRAC map. The implication is that the excess residual ring is stellar, with colors similar to the surrounding disk. We interpret this ring, visible in ionized gas, which appears as stars in the NIR, and with no sign of hot dust, as due to a red super giant population at least 10–15 Myr old. However, star formation is still ongoing in the disk and in the ring itself. Using NIR images, we computed the gravity torques exerted by the stellar potential on the gas. The torques are predominantly positive in both 12 CO(1–0) and 12 CO(2–1), suggesting that gas is not flowing into the center, and less than 5% of the gas angular momentum is exchanged in each rotation. This comes from the regular and almost axisymmetric total mass and gas distributions in the center of the galaxy. In NGC 5953, the AGN is apparently not being actively fueled in the current epoch.
An Additive Model for Estimation Return to Scale in Regulated Environment with Quasi-Fixed Inputs in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

Received 28 February 2016, Revised 27 May 2016, Accepted 20 June 2016 Abstract The measurement of RTS amounts measures a relationship between inputs and outputs in a production structure. There are many different ways to calculate RTS in primal or dual space. But in more realistic cases, governments usually intervene on DMU’s behavior as regulatory agency, this clearly represent a set of limitations and restrictions on behaviors of DMUs, So very few decisions in DMUs are made without intersecting some regulations. Therefore it is essential to be able to assess the impact of regulation on the behavior of the DMUs, and this would be ideally done by estimating returns to scale with and without the effect of the regulation. In this paper we use additive model to provide an alternative approach for estimating returns to scale in regulated environments. The proposed model is developed to determining returns to scale in the presence of quasi-fixed inputs in Data Envelopment Analysis.
The foundational origin of integrability in quantum field theory

The main aim of this work is to relate integrability in QFT with a complete particle interpretation directly to the principle of causal localization, circumventing the standard method of finding sufficiently many conservation laws. Its precise conceptual-mathematical formulation as "modular localization" within the setting of local operator algebras also suggests novel ways of looking at general (non-integrable) QFTs which are not based on quantizing classical field theories. Conformal QFT, which is known to admit no particle interpretation, suggest the presence of a "partial" integrability, referred to as "conformal integrability". This manifest itself in a "braid-permutation" group structure which contains in particular informations about the anomalous dimensional spectrum. For chiral conformal models this reduces to the braid group as it is represented in Hecke- or Birman-Wenzl- algebras associated to chiral models. Another application of modular localization mentioned in this work is an alternative to the BRST formulation of gauge theories in terms of stringlike vectorpotentials within a Hilbert space setting.
Trade Liberalization and Trade Tax Revenues in African Countries

We empirically investigate the e®ect of trade liberalization on trade tax revenues applying panel-data methods to a large sample of African countries from the period 1970-2000. The goal of this paper is to determine whether controlling for macroeconomic features of African economies and taking into account the existence of political constraints that might either support or weaken the power of the trade reform, a change in trade policy has a positive or negative e®ect on trade tax revenues. We ¯nd that there exists a large trade o® between a greater degree of openness to international trade and the revenue collected from import and export taxation. We document the existence of a La®er ef- fect between trade openness and trade tax revenues and stress the impor- tance of exchange rate policies along with the stability of the macroeco- nomic environment in determining trade reform outcomes. Interestingly, we also provide evidence of the relevance of government credibility in explaining trade tax revenues.