Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Bandwidth Thermal Covert Channel in 3-D-Integrated Multicore Processors

Exploiting thermal coupling among the cores of a processor to secretly communicate sensitive information is a serious threat in mobile, desktop, and server platforms. Existing works on temperature-based covert communication typically rely on controlling the execution of high-power CPU stressing programs to transmit confidential information. Such covert channels with high-power programs are typically easier to detect as they cause significant rise in temperature. In this work, we demonstrate that by leveraging vertical integration, it is sufficient to execute typical SPLASH-2 benchmark applications to transfer 200 bits per second (bps) of secret data via thermal covert channels. The strong vertical thermal coupling among the cores of a 3-D multicore processor increases the rates of covert communication by $3.4\times $ compared to covert communication in conventional 2-D integrated circuits (ICs). Furthermore, we show that the bandwidth of this thermal communication in 3-D ICs is more resilient to thermal interference caused by applications running in other cores. This reduced interference significantly increases the danger posed by such attacks. We also investigate the effect of reducing intertier overlap between colluded cores and show that the covert channel bandwidth is reduced by up to 62% with no overlap.
THE CASE FOR SUPERCRITICAL ACCRETION ONTO MASSIVE BLACK HOLES AT HIGH REDSHIFT

Short-lived intermittent phases of super-critical (super-Eddington) growth, coupled with star formation via positive feedback, may account for early growth of massive black holes (MBH) and coevolution with their host spheroids. We estimate the possible growth rates and duty cycles of these episodes, both assuming slim accretion disk solutions and adopting the results of recent numerical simulations. The angular momentum of gas joining the accretion disk determines the length of the accretion episodes and the final mass that an MBH can reach. The latter can be related to the gas velocity dispersion and, in galaxies with low-angular momentum gas, the MBH can reach a higher mass. When the host galaxy is able to sustain inflow rates at 1–100 M ⊙ yr − 1 ? > , replenishing and circulation lead to a sequence of short ( ∼ 10 4 − 10 7 ? > yr), heavily obscured accretion episodes that increase the growth rates, with respect to an Eddington-limited case, by several orders of magnitude. Our model predicts that the ratio of the MBH accretion rate-to-star formation rate is 10−2 or higher, leading, at early epochs, to a ratio of MBH-to-stellar mass that is higher than the “canonical” value of ∼ 10 − 3 ? > , which is in agreement with current observations. Our model makes specific predictions that long-lived super-critical accretion occurs only in galaxies with copious low-angular momentum gas, and, in this case, the MBH is more massive at a fixed velocity dispersion.
Tension zone trapped by exogenous cline: Analysis of a narrow hybrid zone between two parapatric Oxytropis species (Fabaceae)

Abstract Hybrid zones have been widely highlighted for their interest in understanding evolutionary processes. It is generally accepted that hybrid zones can be maintained in a balance between dispersal and selection. However, the selective forces can either be endogenous (i.e., genetic incompatibilities between parental taxa) or exogenous (i.e., parental taxa are adapted to different environments). In this study, we evaluated these alternatives and determined the maintenance of a narrow hybrid zone between parapatric distributed Oxytropis diversifolia and O. leptophylla in Nei Mongol, China. For 507 individuals sampled from two populations in the hybrid zone, 12 O. diversifolia populations and five O. leptophylla populations, we measured leaf‐morphological characteristics, quantified genetic structure using 11 nuclear microsatellite loci and five chloroplast DNA intergenic regions, collected micro‐ and macrohabitat data, and conducted geographical cline analysis. We found that the two species differed in leaf morphology, and putative hybrids showed either intermediacy or a bias to O. diversifolia. Parental taxa formed two genetically distinct clusters, while populations in the hybrid zone consisted of both parental forms and various admixed individuals, exhibiting a bimodal pattern. The hybrid zone was coupled to ecological transitions of both microhabitat (i.e., the slope) and macroclimatic conditions. However, the genetic clines were significantly narrower than the environmental cline. Our results indicate that endogenous selection can be primarily responsible for maintaining the hybrid zone, while local adaptation accounts for the position of the zone. We further suggest the probable outcome of hybridization could be introgression.
Binary paths to Type Ia supernovae explosions : proceedings of the 281st Symposium of the International Astronomical Union held in Padova, Italy, July 4-8, 2011

Preface Conference overview The Organizing Committee Conference photographs Participants Part I. Surveys: New Perspectives on Cosmology and the Type Ia Supernova Progenitor Problem Part II. Stellar and Binary Processes: A. Single and binary star evolution B. The role of rotation Part III. Cataclysmic Variables and Classical Novae Part IV. Possible Progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae: A. Nuclear burning white dwarfs B. Recurrent novae and symbiotics C. Helium donors D. Double white dwarfs E. Population synthesis Part V. New Insights on SNe Ia Progenitors from Their Explosions and Aftermath: A. Explosion physics B. Signatures of progenitors in light curves and spectra C. Signatures of progenitors in supernova remnants Summary Author index.
Fullerenol C60(OH)36 Protects the Antioxidant Enzymes in Human Erythrocytes against Oxidative Damage Induced by High-Energy Electrons

Ionizing radiation (IR) can pass through the human body easily, potentially causing severe damage to all biocomponents, which is associated with increasing oxidative stress. IR is employed in radiotherapy; however, in order to increase safety, it is necessary to minimize side effects through the use of radioprotectors. Water-soluble derivatives of fullerene exhibit antiradical and antioxidant properties, and these compounds are regarded as potential candidates for radioprotectors. We examined the ability of fullerenol C60(OH)36 to protect human erythrocytes, including the protection of the erythrocytal antioxidant system against high-energy electrons. Human erythrocytes irradiated with high-energy [6 MeV] electrons were treated with C60(OH)36 (150 µg/mL), incubated and haemolyzed. The radioprotective properties of fullerenol were determined by examining the antioxidant enzymes activity in the hemolysate, the concentration of -SH groups, as well as by determining erythrocyte microviscosity. The irradiation of erythrocytes (650 and 1300 Gy) reduces the number of thiol groups; however, an attenuation of this harmful effect is observed (p < 0.05) in the presence of C60(OH)36. Although no significant effect of fullerenol was recorded on catalase activity, which was preserved in both control and test samples, a more active protection of other enzymes was evident. An irradiation-induced decrease in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase became an increase in the activity of those two enzymes in samples irradiated in the presence of C60(OH)36 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively). The fourth studied enzyme, glutathione transferase, decreased (p < 0.05) its activity in the irradiated hemolysate treated with C60(OH)36, thus, indicating a lower level of ROS in the system. However, the interaction of fullerenol with the active centre of the enzyme cannot be excluded. We also noticed that radiation caused a dose-dependent decrease in the erythrocyte microviscosity, and the presence of C60(OH)36 reduced this effect (p < 0.05). Overall, we point to the radioprotective effect of C60(OH)36 manifested as the protection of the antioxidant enzymes of human erythrocytes against IR-induced damage, which has not been the subject of intense research so far.
Can the Technique of Knee Wrap Placement Affect the Maximal Isometric Force during Back Squat Exercise

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects on maximal isometric force with two different techniques of knee wraps placement (spiral and X) during back squat exercise. Twenty-one physical active participants were evaluated during this study. The back squat exercise position was set up individually, guaranteeing their thigh parallel to the floor, the arms crossed on the chest, and the feet were kept always in the same position for all trials and conditions. All subjects performed three maximal isometric back squat contractions in 4 different conditions: without knee wrap (WKW), with spiral knee wrap technique (SKW), with X knee wrap technique (XKW) and tensor (T). The peak force was acquired at a 100Hz sampling frequency, during 3 seconds, 5 minutes of resting and all conditions were randomized. The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was evaluated after each trial and condition. The results shows significant differences for peak force between conditions SKW vs WKW (P=0.044, ES=0.55, Δ%=10.8%), and XKW vs WKW (P=0.009, ES=0.62, Δ%=13.6%). The use of different knee wrap techniques (spiral and X techniques) presented an effective carry-over effect, but without differences between techniques, and the RPE was similar in all conditions.
Uranium Concentrations in Private Wells of Potable Groundwater, Korea

Uranium (U) is one of the typical naturally occurring radioactive elements enriched in groundwater through geological mechanisms, thereby bringing about adverse effects on human health. For this reason, some countries and the World Health Organization (WHO) regulate U with drinking water standards and monitor its status in groundwater. In Korea, there have been continuous investigations to monitor and manage U in groundwater, but they have targeted only public groundwater wells. However, the features of private wells differ from public ones, particularly in regard to the well’s depth and diameter, affecting the U distribution in private wells. This study was initiated to investigate U concentrations in private groundwater wells for potable use, and the significant factors controlling them were also elucidated through statistical methods. The results obtained from the analyses of 7036 groundwater samples from private wells showed that the highest, average, and median values of U concentrations were 1450, 0.4, and 4.0 μg/L, respectively, and 2.1% of the wells had U concentrations exceeding the Korean and WHO standard (30 μg/L). In addition, the U concentrations were highest in areas of the Jurassic granite, followed by Quaternary alluvium and Precambrian metamorphic rocks. A more detailed investigation of the relationship between U concentration and geology revealed that the Jurassic porphyritic granite, mainly composed of Daebo granite, showed the highest U contents, which indicated that U might originate from uraninite (UO2) and coffinite (USiO4). Consequently, significant caution should be exercised when using the groundwater in these geological areas for potable use. The results of this study might be applied to establish relevant management plans to protect human health from the detrimental effect of U in groundwater.
Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network for In Situ AUV Thruster Health Monitoring Using Acoustic Signals

As the demand for ocean exploration increases, studies are being actively conducted on autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) that can efficiently perform various missions. To successfully perform long-term, wide-ranging missions, it is necessary to apply fault diagnosis technology to AUVs. In this study, a system that can monitor the health of in situ AUV thrusters using a convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed. As input data, an acoustic signal that comprehensively contains the mechanical and hydrodynamic information of the AUV thruster was adopted. The acoustic signal was pre-processed into two-dimensional data through continuous wavelet transform. The neural network was trained with three different pre-processing methods and the accuracy was compared. The decibel scale was more effective than the linear scale, and the normalized decibel scale was more effective than the decibel scale. Through tests on off-training conditions that deviate from the neural network learning condition, the developed system properly recognized the distribution characteristics of noise sources even when the operating speed and the thruster rotation speed changed, and correctly diagnosed the state of the thruster. These results showed that the acoustic signal-based CNN can be effectively used for monitoring the health of the AUV’s thrusters.
Continuing in post-16 education: The views of adopted young people

Many adopted children face challenges at school and college which adversely affect their experience and attainment. Without effective post-adoption support, they are at an increased risk of being excluded from or opting out of education. While this has been confirmed by research, there has been less discussion of the problems children face and the services they find helpful. This is especially the case for those over the age of 16 (the statutory school leaving age in the UK). To explore this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five adopted young people aged between 16 and 19. A thematic analysis of their responses identified four factors that help them continue in post-16 education: (1) a positive self-identity; (2) supportive people; (3) supportive approaches; and (4) supportive systems. Participants identified the benefits of staff appreciating the needs of adopted children and the features that promote an ‘adoption-friendly’ ethos in schools and colleges. The implications of these observations for understanding the educational needs of adopted young people, practice development and future research are discussed. Attention is drawn to the importance of multi-agency work and the role of adopted young people in steering and co-producing effective support in educational settings.
Online Soft Short-Circuit Diagnosis of Electric Vehicle Li-Ion Batteries Based on Constant Voltage Charging Current

In electric vehicle (EV) applications, constant current constant voltage (CCCV) charging has been widely used for battery charging. Based on the current analysis in constant voltage (CV) charging phase, this article proposes a novel soft short-circuit (SC) fault diagnosis algorithm that achieves simultaneous fault detection and estimation for EV batteries. The proposed algorithm can accurately estimate SC resistance with the limited CV charging data under unknown battery model parameters. It consists of two parts: online parameter identification during the discharging phase and SC fault estimation during the CV charging phase. Specifically, a set-valued ellipsoidal observer is designed to guarantee the inclusion of the actual battery parameters in the equivalent circuit model (ECM) from the EV operation data at every instant of time. Then, the current model during the CV charging phase is established to iteratively update the SC resistance until the absolute value of the error between the estimated current and measured current is smaller than the predefined threshold. Finally, experimental studies of various types of batteries are conducted under different SC resistances to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
HSHAZ: Stata module to estimate discrete time (grouped data) proportional hazards models

-hshaz- estimates, using ML, two discrete time (grouped data) proportional hazards regression models, one of which incorporates a discrete mixture distribution to summarize unobserved individual heterogeneity (or 'frailty'). More specifically, the models are (1) the Prentice-Gloeckler (1978) model; and (2) the Prentice-Gloeckler (1978) model incorporating a discrete mixture distribution to summarize unobserved individual heterogeneity, as proposed by Heckman and Singer (1984). Cf. -pgmhaz8- which estimates discrete time proportional hazards models with a Gamma distribution to characterize frailty.
TL–LEDarcNet: Transfer Learning Method for Low-Energy Series DC Arc-Fault Detection in Photovoltaic Systems

The arc-fault phenomenon in photovoltaic (PV) systems has emerged as a major problem in recent years. Existing studies on arc-fault detection in conventional PV systems primarily focus on detecting typical stable arc-faults. Low-energy arc-faults are more challenging to detect than stable arc-faults because of their low current distortions, short durations, and nonlinear properties. These low-energy arc-faults, which are precursors to stable arc-faults, could even inflict serious damage on the system components. Here, a transfer learning-based low-energy arc-fault detection network (TL–LEDarcNet) using a two-stage training method is proposed to proactively detect series DC arc-faults by considering low-energy arc-faults. A one-layer long short-term memory network combined with a lightweight one-dimensional convolutional neural network was developed to detect low-energy arc-faults by only using the sensed current information. The results of offline and online experiments conducted with a commercial grid-connected PV inverter indicate that the proposed method can perform real-time operations on a single-board computer and detect low-energy arc-faults with an accuracy of 95.8%, which is higher than previous methods considered in this study.
Implementasi Microlearning Berbasis Case Study Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kimia

Kebutuhan karakteristik generasi zaman now terhadap pembelajaran daring menghadirkan style baru penyajian konten perkuliahan dengan microlearning. Implementasi microlearning membutuhkan model pembelajaran yang tepat berorientasi self-directed learning case study. Untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut maka dibutuhkan implementasi best practice dan pengaruhnya (efektivitas) dalam perkuliahan. Desain penelitian ini adalah Pre-Experimental Design dengan One Group Pretest-Posttest. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 25 mahasiswa mata kuliah metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan yang terdaftar pada Prodi Pendidikan Kimia Tahun Ajaran 2021-2022. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes dan non tes, serta dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dan diolah menjadi data interval menggunakan skala Likert. Untuk teknik analisis data yaitu menggunakan uji normalitas, homogenitas, serta T-Test. Tahapan pada penelitian ini meliputi pra eksperimen, eksperimen, dan pasca eksperimen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap pra eksperimen, peneliti mempersiapkan set perangkat perkuliahan dengan style microlearning berbasis case study. Hasil eksperimen diketahui best practice penerapan microlearning berbasis case study dengan alur: 1) introduction microlearning, concepts, tools, and student’s group; 2) teaching by traditional learning; 3) teaching by microlearning; 4) students evaluations, examination, and feedback; dan 5) comparison between traditional learning and microlearning. Pasca eksperimen dilakukan evaluasi capaian(efektivitas) implementasi micro learning berbasis case study, dengan perolehan hasil uji t sebesar 7,769 membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh implementasi microlearning berbasis case study terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa. Adapun implementasi microlearning berbasis case study dapat dilaksanakan secara blended learning untuk meminimalisir hambatan yang dihadapi mahasiswa.
EEG and MEG forward modelling : computation and calibration

Le travail presente dans cette these s'inscrit dans l'etape de modelisation du probleme direct en electroencephalographie (EEG) et magnetoencephalographie (MEG). La premiere partie traite du calcul des solutions du probleme direct, gouvernees par des equations aux derivees partielles. Nous presentons tout d'abord une nouvelle methode elements finis (FEM) basee sur des maillages cubiques reguliers et une description implicite du domaine qui permet de resoudre a faible cout le probleme direct pour des geometries realistes. Nous associons a cette methode des equations reciproques generales, obtenues par la methode de l'adjoint, qui permettent de calculer efficacement les lead fields de tout type de capteur EEG ou MEG. La deuxieme partie concerne le choix des conductivites electriques dans les modeles directs en EEG. Dans un premier temps, nous effectuons une analyse de sensibilite globale des topographies EEG aux conductivites pour des modeles de tete classiques a trois ou quatre couches. S'appuyant sur les resultats de cette analyse, nous proposons ensuite une methode de calibration des conductivites basee sur l'utilisation de potentiels evoques somesthesiques.
Executive control functions and theory of mind among plurilingual adults

ABSTRACT The present study examined the effect of language status on executive control functions (EF) and Theory of Mind (ToM) among plurilingual adults after controlling the effect of fluid intelligence. Eighty-nine university students with one (n = 44) and two (n = 45) language dominance took part in the study and their fluid intelligence was matched across the groups. The various components of EF were assessed using trail-making task (attention), block span (working memory), Stroop task (inhibition), and card sorting (cognitive flexibility) and the “Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test” was employed to assess ToM. The results showed that two language dominant plurilinguals (2-LD) outperformed one language dominant plurilinguals (1-LD) on Stroop, card sorting, and ToM tasks after controlling for fluid intelligence. It suggests that the dominance of two languages substantially enhances a person’s executive control functions and mental state reasoning, which is over and above the influence of fluid intelligence.
Effect of Internal Waves on Acoustic Interference Structure

Abstract : Our long-term goal is to determine the extent to which a single scalar parameter can characterize observed striations in acoustic intensity patterns. In the second edition of Fundamentals of Ocean Acoustics, Brekhovskikh and Lysanov [1991] introduced the concept of waveguide invariance to a larger audience. They showed how contour plots of acoustic intensity, mapped in range and frequency, would exhibit striations. They defined a parameter beta as a simple function of range, frequency and the slope of the striations, and claimed that this parameter was invariant. They considered a deep-water ocean waveguide problem with a sound speed duct and found = -3. In shallow water, they assumed an isovelocity water column and found = +1. The objectives of the present work are to estimate beta for more realistic scenarios and to determine the extent to which it is truly an invariant. In particular, the effects of time-varying shallow water internal waves are studied.
Design and analysis of double plough body mechanism of sugarcane subsoiler

Based on the agronomic characteristics of ridge planting raw sugarcane in tropical areas, this paper mainly designs and analyzes plough body parts for subsoilers. In order to verify the rationality of plow body design, this paper analyzes the plow body through SolidWorks Simulation, and obtains its stress distribution state under extreme conditions. The results show that the final optimized structural parameters are the thickness of the plow handle 28 mm and the angle of the end face of the plow is 15 °, which provides a reference for the optimization and improvement of the plow structure of sugarcane subsoiling machine.