Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving performance of furrow irrigation systems using simulation modelling in the Moghan plain of Iran *

The objective of this study was to assess the different scenarios for improving the irrigation application efficiency of a two‐row bed furrow irrigation system (wide furrow) using the SIRMOD model in six sugar beet fields of the Moghan plain for the 2015–2016 growing season. The Moghan plain is situated in the Ardebil province of Iran. Therefore, five scenarios including: (i) irrigation cut‐off time equal to the advance time (ICTEAT); (ii) cutting off the flow discharge before it reaches the end (CTIBRE); (iii) increasing the flow discharge up to 2.5 l s¯¹ and cutting it off when the irrigation requirement is fulfilled (IARCSI); (iv) increasing inflow discharge up to 2.5 l s¯¹ and cutting off the flow discharge as soon as the advance phase reaches the end (IARCARE); (v) reducing inflow rate, cut‐off time and furrow length (100 m in all the furrows) by blocking the end of the furrow (RICTLBE), were applied using the calibrated SIRMOD model. In addition, surge irrigation was carried out in fields with high percolation. The results indicated that the average irrigation application efficiency under the current status was 35%. However, average application efficiencies increased to 63, 74, 59, 60 and 77% in the ICTEAT, CTIBRE, IARSCI, IARCARE and RICTLBE scenarios, respectively. The application efficiency for fields with high percolation increased from 32%, in the current status, to 53, 64, 62, 60, 78 and 76% under ICTEAT, CTIBRE, IARSCI, IARCARE, RICTLBE and surge irrigation, respectively. Overall, the irrigation management scenarios could substantially reduce on‐farm irrigation water losses.
Family Forest Owners’ Perception of Management and Thinning Operations in Young Dense Forests: A Survey from Sweden

Family forest owners (FFOs) own 48% of Sweden’s productive forest land and are responsible for 59% of the annual gross felling. They are thus important suppliers of raw materials to the forest industry and the energy sector. Environmental goals on the national and international level promote an increased use of renewable resources in order to replace fossil-based fuels, but since the current supply of forest products is already fully utilized by the industry, there is a need to find new types of biomass assortment. One way to increase the biomass supply is to replace traditional pre-commercial thinning operations, where fallen stems are left in the forest to rot, with whole-tree harvesting of small-diameter trees using novel technologies and methods. This will however require willingness of the FFOs to shift their management practices. The objectives of this study were, therefore, to elucidate FFOs’ perceptions of management and thinning operations in young dense forests, identify if there are differences depending on their demographic backgrounds, and clarify which factors could potentially affect their willingness to implement whole-tree harvesting in young dense forests. Data were collected through a survey administered to a random sample of 842 FFOs, with a response rate of 53.4% (n = 450). The results show that FFOs in general are positive towards implementing whole-tree harvesting in young dense stands, and are often also willing to promote the development of suitable stands. Factors such as forest size, geographical location, distance from home to their forest, degree of self-employment and current need for cleaning were found to significantly affect their attitudes. The study highlights that the development of cost efficient harvesting techniques and working methods is important if the industry wants to increase the FFOs’ willingness to engage in whole-tree harvesting in young dense forest stands and thereby increase the supply of biomass.
Relationship between Revenue Generated by Top Modern-day Football Clubs and their Social Media Presence

Background:Over the past decade, Social media has become one of the most prominent platforms for Football clubs across the globe to interact with their supporters. In recent years, football clubs have recognized Social media as a mode for Revenue generation through targeted marketing strategies. The objective of the research was to find a correlation between the Revenue generated and Social media presence of top 30 football clubs based on the revenue generated in 2018-19 season.Methods: Data was collected first hand from official websites and social media handles which was then tabulated and statistical techniques were used to reveal findings.Result:The correlation coefficient between the European Football Clubs’ Revenue Generated and their Social Media presence is calculated using excel and comes out to be r = 0.8874with a p-value of less than 0.01. Conclusion:The study revealed that there was a strong correlation between the Revenue generated and the Social media presence of the football clubs.Also, more following can get more commercial revenue and hence they are strongly correlated. Thus, there is a cycle between the revenue generated and the corresponding followers that are increased on Social Media.
Performance Comparison for Two Cable Extraction Machines in a Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. Plantation

Forests in Korea are mainly located in steep mountainous areas, where small-shovel-based extraction technology is widely used, with the level of mechanization undoubtedly low due to financial limitations. On this steep terrain, a better approach may be to use cable yarders, which can offer high revenues through cable-based extraction. Therefore, improving the efficiency of cable yarding activities in good-quality timber forests is necessary. The main objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the productivity and cost of a cable yarder operation for tree-length clearcut treatment of a Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. stand and (2) compare the productivity efficiency of two yarder (K301-4 and HAM300) types. The productivity rates of the K301-4 ranged from 10.2 to 12.5 m3/productive machine hours, with corresponding costs of US $12.6–15.4 /m3. The productivity of the HAM300 was 26% lower than that of the K301-4 for a 30% lower cycle log volume while yarding and a comparable lateral distance. This study provides insights to support production and management decisions in the forest supply chain associated with planning cable-yarding operations.
The In-Silico Development of DNA Markers for Breeding of Spring Barley Varieties That Are Resistant to Spot Blotch in Russia

The fungal pathogen Cochliobolus sativus Drechs. Ex Dastur, anamorph Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker is one of the most common barley pathogens worldwide and causes spot blotch and root rot in barley. Spot blotch is considered to be the major biotic stress hampering the commercial production of barley. During high disease severity, which occurs in the northwestern region of Russia once every three to four years, yield losses for barley may reach 40%. An increase in common root rot severity results in yield losses that can reach 80%. The goal of the current study was to identify significant markers that can be employed as diagnostic DNA markers to breed C. sativus pathogen-resistant varieties of barley. In 94 spring barley cultivars and lines, the resistance of seedlings and adult plants to the impact of C. sativus on their leaves and roots was investigated. Five genomic regions associated with resistance to Spot blotch were identified (on chromosome 1H (50–61.2 cM), 2H (68.7–69.68 cM), 3H (18.72–26.18 cM), 7H (7.52–15.44 cM)). No significant loci were determined to be associated with root rot. According to obtained data, 11 significant SNPs were converted into KASP markers and 6 markers located on chromosome 3H were determined to possess good accuracy and the potential to be employed in marker-assisted selection.
Simulation of hydrology following various volumes of irrigation to soil with different depths to the water table

Vertical water fluxes at the water table and in the subsoil need to be quantified because of their significance for the supply of water to crops and the control of soil salinization in areas with shallow groundwater. A soil–water–atmosphere–plant (SWAP) model was calibrated using measured values of soil water content and the water fluxes at the water table. The measurements were taken in a field experiment where the depth to groundwater and the volume of irrigation water applied were controlled. The calibrated SWAP model was then used to simulate the soil water content and fluxes at the water table and in the subsoil under different irrigation and groundwater conditions. The predicted values provided a quantitative insight into specific terms in the water balance equation together with soil water fluxes in the subsoil that cannot be measured directly by field instruments. Crops utilized significant amounts of water from deeper soil layers and directly from groundwater, when the volume of irrigation decreased and the depth to the water table was <3.0 m. Depth to the water table significantly influenced water fluxes occurring in the soil profile over the period when evaporation dominated the hydrological cycle. Shallow groundwater is a very significant water resource for meeting the water requirement of crops. In practice, the frequency and quantity of irrigation need to be varied according to groundwater conditions.
Supranationalism, constrained? Locating the Court of Justice on the EU integration dimension

The European Court of Justice is generally known to use its institutional role to advance European integration. Scholars have disagreed, however, on the extent to which the Court fears and anticipates negative reactions to its rulings from the Member States. Without a possibility to access internal deliberations, such strategic behaviour by the Court makes it empirically challenging to identify its preferences relative to other actors. I tackle this problem using an item-response theory model designed to estimate institutional preferences from cases concerning procedural and competence disputes. I find that the Court leans on average towards more supranational positions, while also systematically adjusting its rulings in response to Member States’ preferences. Controlling for these effects reveals the European Court of Justice to be even more partial to supranationalism than the pattern of its decisions suggests.
Phytochemical studies and bioactivity of Centipeda and Eremophila species

The aim of this study was to isolate and characterise biologically active compounds from endemic Australian plants. A total of 6 novel, and 26 known compounds have been isolated throughout the course of this work. A comprehensive investigation of the GC-MS chemical profile of C. cunninghamii leaf essential oil found that thymol (1) cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (4), myrtenyl acetate (2), myrtenol (3) and cis-chrsanthenol (5) were the major constituents. The essential oil and crude solvent extracts of C. cunninghamii possessed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. A 50% aqueous ethanol extract was demonstrated to possess multiple modes of anti-inflammatory action. The crude extract was found to significantly inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 cyclooxygenases and was comparable to the positive controls; Ibuprofen and Celebrex respectively. The crude extract also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in the nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) assays, but did not show inhibition in the lipoxygenase (LO) assay. A total of seventeen compounds, of which 10, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are novel, have been identified from the aqueous-ethanolic extract of C. cunninghamii. Five flavonoids; axillarin (16), isokaempferide (17), 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone (18), jaceidin (19), and 2',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxyflavone-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (10) were isolated from the flowers of C. cunninghamii. A series of caffeic acids were isolated as the major component of the stems, these included; chlorogenic acid (12) and its methyl ester (13), caffeic acid ethyl ester (11), isochlorogenic acid A (14) macroantoin G (15) and the novel 4ξ,5ξ-di-O-caffeoyl-2,6ξ-dihydroxyhept-2-ene-1,7-dioic acid (6) and its 1-methyl ester (7), 7-methyl ester (8) and 1,7-dimethylester (9) derivatives. Lastly, arnicolide C (20) a sesquiterpene lactone, 3-hydroxykaura-9(11),16-diene-18-oic acid (21) and 8-hydroxy-9,10-diisobutyryloxythymol (23) were characterised by spectroscopic methods. All of the compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity, as determined by the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 in 3T3 fibroblast cells. All compounds, inhibited PGE2 production to some extent, at a concentration of 31.25 µg/mL. The flavonoids 10 and 16-19 were the most active compounds. The caffeic acids 6-9, 12-14 and the thymol derivative 23 also significantly inhibited PGE2 production. The IC50 values were determined for the novel compounds; 10, 6, 7, 8 and 9, as 1.47, 2.48, 4.73, 5.54 and 1.26 µM, respectively. These novel compounds were more potent than the positive control, aspirin, which was found to inhibit PGE2 production by 42% at a concentration of 18 µM. Antioxidant activity, as determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) has also been attributed to both the flavonoids; 10, 16-19 and caffeic acid compounds; 6-9 and 12-14. The antioxidant capacity of these compounds was found to be comparable to epicatechin, a major antioxidant constituent of green tea. A detailed analysis of the wood, leaf, branch…
Thermo-Diffusion and Chemical Reaction Effects on MHD Three Dimensional Free Convective Couette Flow

In this paper, the effects of thermo-diffusion and chemical reaction on a 3 dimensional free convection couette flow of a viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid, in the presence of a uniform magnetic field and heat absorption, are analyzed. The plates involved are vertical. The magnetic field is applied in a direction normal to the plates. The plate at rest is subjected to a transverse sinusoidal injection velocity distribution, while the plate in uniform motion is subjected to constant suction and slip boundary conditions. The equations governing the fluid flow are solved using simple perturbation technique. The expressions for skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are also derived. Dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are displayed graphically for different values of the parameters entering into the problem, like Pr, Re, M, Gr, Gm, h, A, Sc, So and Kr. The variations in skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number for different physical parameters are presented. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015. 52
An Adaptive fuzzy-PD inertial control strategy for a DFIG wind turbine for frequency support

ABST CT: With increasing levels of wind generation in power systems, guaranteeing continuous power and system’s safety is essential. Frequency control is critical which requires a supplementary inertial control strategy. Since wind power generation depends directly on wind conditions, this creates an immense challenge for a conventional inertial controller with parameters suitable for all power grid operations and wind speed conditions. erefore, tuning the controller gains is absolutely critical for an integrated conventional/renewable power system. Here, a fuzzy-logic adaptive inertial controller scheme for online tuning of the proportional-derivative-type (PD) inertial controller parameters is proposed. e proposed controller adapts the control parameters of the supplementary inertial control of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine so that with any disturbance such as load changes, the active power output can be controlled to mitigate the frequency deviation. Simulation results indicate that the proposed adaptive controller demonstrates a more consistent and robust response to load changes compared to a conventional controller with xed parameters.
Potential of Creative Knowledge of Workers and their Development in a Sustainable Organisation

Purpose: Creativity of knowledge workers is a strategic value for every organisation. This resource, in its nature and individual dimension, is a key competence as its effective use improves the value perceived by the customers, providing them with substantial benefits. In this article, an attempt was made to study selected organisation’s conditions influencing development of creative knowledge workers. The main research objective was as follows: Using scientific procedures and applying proper methodology, the current status of selected organisation conditions and its impact on development of creativity of knowledge workers were investigated and determined Design/Methodology/Approach: The consideration formed the basis for formulation of the research hypothesis: The more conducive the creativity and knowledge development oriented conditions of organisation growth, the higher the level of creativity and knowledge among the creative knowledge workers. To verify such a hypothesis, the results of the survey study conducted among persons having at least secondary education were used. Findings: Creation of proper conditions in development of a sustainable organisation is conducive to development of the potential of creative knowledge workers. Proper implementation of this process allows such an organisation to achieve better effects in the form of an increased number of generated values in the future. Practical Implications: Achieving the above development of a sustainable creative organisation becomes possible through identification of the potential of creative knowledge workers. Learning their competences and conditions strengthening these competences, so that knowledge and creativity develop, allows to form the conditions of the organisation to make them conducive. Originality/value: The article was prepared based on own studies carried out in organisations employing knowledge workers. The obtained research results demonstrated which organisation conditions are most conducive to development of workers’ creativity and knowledge. The obtained results will allow the organisations to focus on these elements to accomplish better results in the form of an increased number of innovations.
Codages d'arbres compacts (CTE) pour la planification QBF (Journées d'Intelligence Artificielle Fondamentale (JIAF 2018), Amiens, France, 13/06/18-15/06/18)

Les améliorations considérables dans la technologie et les performances des solveurs SAT ont permis de les utiliser pour la résolution de divers problèmes d’intelligence artificielle, et parmi eux, pour le problème de la génération de plans. Récemment, des solveurs QBF (Quantified Boolean Formula) prometteurs ont été développés et nous pouvons nous attendre à ce qu’ils deviennent aussi efficaces que les solveurs SAT dans un proche avenir. Il est donc intéressant d’utiliser le langage QBF qui permet de produire des encodages plus compacts. Nous présentons dans cet article une traduction de problèmes de planification STRIPS en formules propositionnelles quantifiées. Nous proposons deux nouveaux codages d’arbres compacts CTE (Compact Tree Encoding) : CTEEFA basé sur des frame-axiomes explicatifs dans un espace d’états, et CTE-OPEN basé sur des liens de causalité dans un espace de plans. Nous comparons ensuite ces deux codages à CTE-NOOP qui est proposé dans [3] et qui est basé sur l’utilisation d’actions No-op. En termes de temps d’exécution sur les problèmes de référence, CTE-EFA et CTE-OPEN sont toujours plus efficaces que CTE-NOOP.
The inexorable rise of the robots: Trade journals’ framing of machinery in the workplace

As artificial intelligence and industrial automation continue to impact on the workplace, the manner in which they are reported by news media becomes increasingly of interest. Combining quantitative and qualitative analysis of trade journals, this paper investigates how machinery in the workplace is framed, in order to indicate the way in which such framing may shape thought and influence management decisions. It finds that trade journals frame the topic as an inevitable rise of machinery thanks to the problems in human employees, and that people and machinery will collaborate offering salvation for corporate firms. The implications for advancing framing theory into trade journalism are discussed, arguing for a sector-relevant attitude rather than normative ideas in scholarship common to all forms of journalism.
Integrating Neighborhood Effect and Supervised Machine Learning Techniques to Model and Simulate Forest Insect Outbreaks in British Columbia, Canada

Background and Objectives: Modelling and simulation of forest land cover change due to epidemic insect outbreaks are powerful tools that can be used in planning and preparing strategies for forest management. In this study, we propose an integrative approach to model land cover changes at a provincial level, using as a study case the simulation of the spatiotemporal dynamics of mountain pine beetle (MPB) infestation over the lodgepole pine forest of British Columbia (BC), Canada. This paper aims to simulate land cover change by applying supervised machine learning techniques to maps of MPB-driven deforestation. Materials and Methods: We used a 16-year series (1999–2014) of spatial information on annual mortality of pine trees due to MPB attacks, provided by the BC Ministry of Forests. We used elevation, aspect, slope, ruggedness, and weighted neighborhood of infestation as predictors. We implemented (a) generalized linear regression (GLM), and (b) random forest (RF) algorithms to simulate forestland cover changes due to MPB between 2005 and 2014. To optimize the ability of our models to predict MPB infestation in 2020, a cross-validation procedure was implemented. Results: Simulating infestations from 2008 to 2014, RF algorithms produced less error than GLM. Our simulations for the year 2020 confirmed the predictions from the BC Ministry of Forest by forecasting a slower rate of spread in future MPB infestations in the province. Conclusions: Integrating neighborhood effects as variables in model calibration allows spatiotemporal complexities to be simulated.
Loyalty of m-wallet user from a service-dominant logic perspective

This study aimed to examine the effect of customer perceived value on the loyalty of mobile wallet (m-wallet) users. Payment using mobile wallet offers several benefits for consumer in terms of functional, social, and economic value. Meanwhile, Service-Dominant Logic was used to explain consumer’s experience in utilizing mobile wallet for payment. Furthermore, a quantitativeapproach with questionnaire was used for data collection, and a total of 325 users participated as the respondents. A purposivesampling technique was used to determine the sample criteria i.e. active m-wallet users with a minimum usage of 1 year. The result showed that all the hypotheses are supported. This indicated that customer perceived value consist of functional, economic, and social value, which have positive and significant impact on satisfaction that leads to customer loyalty. Meanwhile, satisfactionis the most salient predictor of customer loyalty. Therefore, financial technology provider needs to pay more attention to customer perceived value, especially in terms of functional, economic and social aspect.