Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pod yield performance and stability of peanut genotypes under differing soil water and regional conditions

ABSTRACT Genetic gains of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) have increased harvest index and disease tolerance, resulting in improved yield potential and broad-range adaptability of peanut cultivars to United States (U.S.) peanut production regions. Although this strategy has been successful, future yield increases may require peanut cultivars specifically adapted to environmental and management systems of a particular production region. Irrigation is one major management factor that varies across U.S. production regions and influences yield stability. Therefore, peanut germplasm selection for developing specifically adapted cultivars depends on knowledge of genotypic (G) pod yield responses to irrigation (M) across contrasting environmental (E) conditions (G × E × M interaction). The objectives of this 2-year study were to characterize germplasm by: (i) examining genotypic pod yield response to irrigation at locations in Florida and Texas; and (ii) estimating the genotypic pod yield performance and stability using genotype plus genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplots. At the Florida location, genotypes New Mexico Valencia C (NMVC), COC 041, and Chico responded positively to increasing water application, whereas FloRun™ ‘107ʹ, C76 16, and FlavorRunner 458 responded negatively. Genotypes C76 16, ICGS 76, Chico, and ICGV 86015 had pod yields greater than the population mean. The genotype ICGS 76 had both high pod yields and stability. Pod yields of Chico were greater at the southwest locations, whereas ICGV 86015 had greater pod yields at the southeast locations. These results demonstrate a range in adaptability of distinct peanut genotypes that can be used in breeding programs for developing improved cultivars. Abbreviations: G × E: genotype-by-environment interaction; G × E × M: genotype-by-environment-by-management interaction; G × M: genotype-by-management interaction; NMVC: New Mexico Valencia C; TWRPET: total water received as a percentage of ETo
Measuring and Testing Mutual Dependence of Multivariate Functional Data

Abstract This paper considers new measures of mutual dependence between multiple multivariate random processes representing multidimensional functional data. In the case of two processes, the extension of functional distance correlation is used by selecting appropriate weight function in the weighted distance between characteristic functions of joint and marginal distributions. For multiple random processes, two measures are sums of squared measures for pairwise dependence. The dependence measures are zero if and only if the random processes are mutually independent. This property is used to construct permutation tests for mutual independence of random processes. The finite sample properties of these tests are investigated in simulation studies. The use of the tests and the results of simulation studies are illustrated with an example based on real data.
Designing Solar Power Purchase Agreement of Rooftop PVs with Battery Energy Storage Systems under the Behind-the-Meter Scheme

With a significant growth of rooftop photovoltaic systems (PVs) with battery energy storage systems (BESS) under the behind-the-meter scheme (BTMS), the solar power purchase agreement (SPPA) has been developed into one of the most attractive models. The SPPA is a scheme where the investors propose to directly sell electricity from rooftop PVs to the customers. The proposed rates are typically performed in terms of the discount rates on the time-of-use (TOU) tariff with demand charges. The operation modes of the BESS should also be designed in accordance with the proposed rates. Therefore, this paper proposes a methodology to design the discount rates and operation modes of the BESS which will minimize the electricity charges of the customers while maintaining the revenue of the investors under the SPPA and BTMS. The reverse power flow is considered as additional revenue to the investors. This paper also implements the proposed methodology with tariff structure in Thailand. The result showed that the installed capacity of rooftop PVs and battery capacity directly affect the discount rates and operation modes of the BESS. The rate of excess energy also has a significant impact on the discount rates but not affect the operation modes.
Transnational Practices and Emotional Belonging among Early 20th-Century Greek Migrants in the United States

This article aims at studying transnational families dispersed among Greece and the United States in the first half of the twentieth century. It examines the ways in which transnationalism was a common way of being, acting and feeling strongly associated with the available “technologies” of those times, namely photographs, letters and private financial and judicial records. The focus is purposefully micro-historical, analyzing the private collections of two families in a small mountainous village community of the Greek south. Its purpose is to manifest the ways in which transnational families communicated, exchanged items, thoughts and emotions, fulfilled economic obligations and marital aspirations and, overall, created “proxy” transnational spaces. At the same time, shifting the focus to individuals, it aims at presenting the diversities of transnationalism as a lived experience, as unfolded in the personal records of migrants and their kin. Further, it explores transnationalism as a holistic, multi-faceted and all-encompassing ground, with its dynamics influencing not only migrants, but also their families and societies back in the homeland.
Use of NanoBiT and NanoBRET to monitor fluorescent VEGF‐A binding kinetics to VEGFR2/NRP1 heteromeric complexes in living cells

VEGF‐A is a key mediator of angiogenesis, primarily signalling via VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Endothelial cells also express the co‐receptor neuropilin‐1 (NRP1) that potentiates VEGF‐A/VEGFR2 signalling. VEGFR2 and NRP1 had distinct real‐time ligand binding kinetics when monitored using BRET. We previously characterised fluorescent VEGF‐A isoforms tagged at a single site with tetramethylrhodamine (TMR). Here, we explored differences between VEGF‐A isoforms in living cells that co‐expressed both receptors.
Support for direct and deliberative models of democracy in the UK: understanding the difference

ABSTRACT The models of direct and deliberative democracy are broadly considered the major alternatives to representative democracy. So far, the two models have been merged under the broad umbrella of participatory democracy and thus little is known about why citizens support direct democracy and/or deliberation. They are distinct procedures, driven by different logics and outcomes and this makes it likely that the preference for them rest on different premises. This article fills this gap in the literature and distinguishes between the models proposing two central arguments. First, we expect that several general determinants have a positive impact on the support for both direct democracy and deliberation because they are different from representative democracy. Second, we test the effect of specific determinants that drive people towards supporting more one of the two alternative models of democracy. We use individual level data from an original survey conducted in December 2018 on a representative sample of 1094 respondents in the UK. The results indicate that the supporters of direct democracy differ from those of deliberative democracy in several ways.
Person Reidentification pada Sistem Surveillance Cerdas Menggunakan Metode Bag of Visual Feature

Camera-based surveillance systems have been widely used to monitor public places for ensuring security and safety. One of the problems in the surveillance process is identifying human objects on different CCTV cameras, which is referred to as person reidentification (Re-ID). Re-ID is the process of identifying whether the images of human objects, captured from two or more images from CCTV cameras with the different viewpoints, are the same person or not. This paper proposes a method based on visual features of the object image, named as Bag of Visual Feature (BOVF). BOVF works by representing image data as a collection of local features that are used with a feature clustering mechanism. BOVF implementation uses the Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) clustering methods in the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) features. The results of this study with 70 image frames from iLIDS-VID dataset obtained the best accuracy at R-20 by 88% using DBSCAN with a processing speed of 1.85 seconds.
Palaeobiological inferences based on long bone epiphyseal and diaphyseal structure - the forelimb of xenarthrans (Mammalia)

Trabecular architecture (i.e., the main orientation of the bone trabeculae, their number, mean thickness, spacing, etc.) has been shown experimentally to adapt with great accuracy and sensitivity to the loadings applied to the bone during life. However, the potential of trabecular parameters used as a proxy for the mechanical environment of an organism’s organ to help reconstruct the lifestyle of extinct taxa has only recently started to be exploited. Furthermore, these parameters are rarely combined to the long-used mid-diaphyseal parameters to inform such reconstructions. Here we investigate xenarthrans, for which functional and ecological reconstructions of extinct forms are particularly important in order to improve our macroevolutionary understanding of their main constitutive clades, i.e., the Tardigrada (sloths), Vermilingua (anteaters), and Cingulata (armadillos and extinct close relatives). The lifestyles of modern xenarthrans can be classified as fully terrestrial and highly fossorial (armadillos), arboreal (partly to fully) and hook-and-pull digging (anteaters), or suspensory (fully arboreal) and non-fossorial (sloths). The degree of arboreality and fossoriality of some extinct forms, “ground sloths” in particular, is highly debated. We used high-resolution computed tomography to compare the epiphyseal 3D architecture and mid-diaphyseal structure of the forelimb bones of extant and extinct xenarthrans. The comparative approach employed aims at inferring the most probable lifestyle of extinct taxa, using phylogenetically informed discriminant analyses. Several challenges preventing the attribution of one of the extant xenarthran lifestyles to the sampled extinct sloths were identified. Differing from that of the larger “ground sloths”, the bone structure of the small-sized Hapalops (Miocene of Argentina), however, was found as significantly more similar to that of extant sloths, even when accounting for the phylogenetic signal.
Genetic ancestry testing, whiteness and the limits of anti-racism

This article explores how a branch of genomic science that embraces and advocates anti-racism, public participation, consultation and inclusion unintentionally supports everyday discourses of race and racism. It focuses on the reproduction of racism and exposes the limits of anti-racist discourses that are embedded in public engagements with the science and technology of genetic ancestry testing. I deploy a case study which is centerd on the analysis of commentaries posted on the internet which were written in response to a newspaper article that criticized the science of genetic ancestry testing. This article was published in The Daily Telegraph, a broadsheet “quality” newspaper in the UK. I analyse the ways in which ideas and images of British indigeneity and shared human descent that support white Western racial hierarchies, power and privileges emerge in the posts that responded to the newspaper article.
The regulation and function of mRNA cap methylation in pluripotency and differentiation

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The sensitivity of Canadian wheat genotypes to the necrotrophic effectors produced by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis

Abstract Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), the cause of tan spot of wheat, is a foliar pathogen of economic importance worldwide. Tan spot development is associated with the production of necrotrophic effectors (Ptr ToxA, Ptr ToxB and Ptr ToxC) that serve as fungal pathogenicity and/or virulence factors. The objective of this study was to investigate the sensitivity to each of these effectors in a collection of 100 Canadian wheat cultivars representing all wheat classes and developed over a century by various Canadian breeding programmes. Heterologously expressed, His-tagged Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB, and spore germination fluids possessing putative Ptr ToxC activity, were produced and used to screen the cultivars for sensitivity. Of the 100 wheat cultivars tested, 92 were sensitive to at least one effector, 68 were sensitive to Ptr ToxA, 63 were sensitive to Ptr ToxC and 24 were sensitive to Ptr ToxB. Only eight cultivars were insensitive to all three effectors. These results reflect the widespread sensitivity in Canadian wheat cultivars to these necrotrophic effectors, with sensitivity to Ptr ToxA and the putative Ptr ToxC found consistently to be more common than Ptr ToxB sensitivity. The predominance of Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxC sensitivity in Canadian wheat is consistent with the prevalence of races 1 (Ptr ToxA + Ptr ToxC producer) and 2 (Ptr ToxA producer) of Ptr in North America, and could reflect a competitive advantage for Ptr ToxA-producing isolates in the pathogen population.
In vitro regeneration of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) explants

Objective: The effect of varying concentrations of 6, furfurylamino purine (Kinetin), 6, Benzylamino purine (BAP) (1 Naphthalene acetic acid), was evaluated for primary callus induction. Their roles on shoot induction were also investigated. Methods: Different concentrations of the three samples were investigated to study their effects on callus induction and shoot induction. Chi-square was used to analyze data collected at 0.05 degree of freedom. The seeds of Tamarind were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing different concentrations of the three hormones. Results: The results revealed that 0.2 mg/l of Kin, 0.5 mg/l of BAP and 0.1 mg/l of NAA were suitable for callus induction and 0.05 mg/l of Kin and 0.1 mg/l of BAP were also suitable for shooting using the leaves while cotyledon was more responsive to callus induction as compared to leaves and roots. Conclusions: This study proved that there was a positive response of Tamarind to tissue culture condition and ultimately can lead to improvement in the yield.
Chemical and genetic similarity between Dalbergia ecastaphyllum and red propolis from the Northeastern Brazil

Dalbergia ecastaphyllum was found to be the botanical origin of Brazilian red propolis by chemical and molecular studies increasing the interest in research with this plant species. The National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), Brazil granted the designation of origin to red propolis and red propolis extract from Alagoas state whose composition includes, among other chemical compounds, formononetin and daidzein. However, several studies have identified the chemical markers of this product in samples of D. ecastaphyllum and propolis of Sergipe state. The objective of this study was to compare the chemical and genetic identity between D. ecastaphyllum populations and propolis samples collected from the north (Alagoas) and south (Sergipe) banks of the São Francisco river also known as the lower São Francisco region. D. ecastaphyllum samples and propolis from this region showed similar chromatographic profiles and ESI (−) – MS fingerprints. The markers formononetin, biochanin A and daidzein were found in D. ecastaphyllum and propolis collected from Sergipe and Alagoas. DNA sequencing demonstrated that Dalbergia population from Alagoas and Sergipe are highly homogeneous, having exactly the same haplotype. Thus D. ecastaphyllum from the lower São Francisco have the same genetic characteristics and chemical profiles including the chemical markers considered for propolis from Alagoas, asking for more comparative studies between propolis produced in the northeastern region of Brazil with the possible extension of geographical indication to other states as well.
Developing team performance: the double-edged nature of justice

This study bridges social cognitive theory and Turner’s theory of social interaction to develop a model that explains how work teams in technology industry can be motivated to enhance team performance. The prevalence of the use of work teams in technology industry environments has enhanced the importance of studying the processes involved in their performance development. For that reason, this study uses data from team workers in high-tech firms in Taiwan, and shows that collective efficacy positively relates to team performance via the mediation of social interaction. Furthermore, justice positively moderates the relationship between collective humility and social interaction but negatively moderates the relationship between collective efficacy and social interaction. Lastly, managerial implications and research limitations based on the empirical results are provided.
Slowing of acoustic waves in electrorheological and string-fluid complex plasmas

The PK-4 laboratory consists of a direct current plasma tube into which microparticles are injected, forming a complex plasma. The microparticles acquire many electrons from the ambient plasma and are thus highly charged and interact with each other. If ion streams are present, wakes form downstream of the microparticles, which lead to an attractive term in the potential between the microparticles, triggering the appearance of microparticle strings and modifying the complex plasma into an electrorheological form. Here we report on a set of experiments on compressional waves in such a string fluid in the PK-4 laboratory during a parabolic flight and on board the International Space Station. We find a slowing of acoustic waves and hypothesize that the additional attractive interaction term leads to slower wave speeds than in complex plasmas with purely repulsive potentials. We test this hypothesis with simulations, and compare with theory.
Forecasting the implications of foreign exchange reserve accumulation with a microsimulation model

ABSTRACT We develop a stock-flow-consistent microsimulation model that comprises all relevant mechanisms of money creation and parametrise it to fit actual data. The model is used to make out-of-sample projections of broad money and credit developments under the commencement/termination of foreign reserve accumulation by the Bank of Russia. We use direct forecasts from the miscrosimulation model as well as the two-step approach, which implies the use of artificial data to pre-train the Bayesian vector autoregression model. We conclude that the suggested approach is competitive in forecasting and yields promising results.
Dynamic Sidelobe Multiplexing in Beamspace MIMO Systems

Recent studies on multiplexing concept over beamspace multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) can reduce the need for using phase shifters while keeping the directivity performance at similar levels. Thus, beamspace MIMO provides cost-effective and simple hardware designs for millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems. However, the number of users/streams that can be supported at the same time-frequency resource is limited to the number of radio-frequency (RF) chains. In this letter, to overcome this restriction, dynamic sidelobe multiplexing (DSM) algorithm is proposed. The proposed multiplexing technique precodes the transmitted data over transmitter beams in order to open up a new path to the receiver. Therefore, the proposed method provides an opportunity to exceed the limits of conventional hardware usage in beamspace MIMO. The numerical results show that the proposed approach enhance the system performance for more than 50% compared to conventional beamspace MIMO techniques.
Ethnobotanical Survey and In vivo Assessment of the Antimalarial Activities of a Locally Used Medicinal Plant (Senna occidentalis) for “Malaria Suspected” Fever in Potiskum and Nangere Local Government Areas of Yobe State

Malaria is a life threatening infectious disease that has affected economic development in many parts of the world. Although preventable, malaria has claimed the lives of thousands of individuals in endemic African countries. Antimalarial drug resistance, lack of vaccines in clinical use as well as complexities of malaria parasite genomes remains a serious threat to malaria eradication efforts. The search for antimalarials from plant sources has yield significant success in drug discovery approaches. The specific objective of this study is to establish the acute toxic effect and antiplasmodial efficacy of crude methanolic leaf extract of Senna occidentalis in an in vivo assay. The four (4) days suppressive test was used in Swiss mice experimentally infected with chloroquine sensitive (CQS) Plasmodium berghei (ANKA). Results obtained revealed no lethality nor any sign of acute toxic reactions following the administration of 2000 mg/kg body weight of the extract. Percent reduction of parasite growth obtained was observed to be dose dependent in all groups treated with the herbal extract and ranges between 66% and 73%. Relative to the negative and positive control groups, a significant reduction in parasitaemia (P≤ 0.01) was observed in all groups treated with the plant extracts. A gradual increase in body weight was observed in extract treated Original Research Article Daskum; AJRID, 4(4): 35-43, 2020; Article no.AJRID. 59089 36 groups throughout the period of the investigation. The antiplasmodial efficacy observed may well be attributed to the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and other important phytochemicals present. S. occidentalis is therefore, considered a good candidate source for development of novel antimalarial drugs.
Micro–nanobubble technology and water-related application

Currently, there is a growing demand for water treatment technologies considering global environmental challenges such as degradation and depletion of water resources. Micro- and nanobubble (MNB) technology and its application for wastewater treatment has emerged as a problem-solving alternative for such challenges. This paper reviews the important studies on water treatment in the areas of MNBs and discusses their fundamental properties, such as bubble stability (as tiny entities in water solutions), generation methods, and various chemical and physical features. The paper further overviews the current status of MNB application in water treatment processes such as flotation, aeration, and disinfection and its uses in various sectors, including agriculture, aquaculture, medical, and industry. Based on this review, studies regarding MNBs' basic properties, generation, and application are identified and recognized for future research. This study concludes that despite the promising role of MNBs in water-related application, the current status of research has not reached its true potential. Specifically, there is a need to enhance MNB application at a broader scale.