Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Drives the Competition of Cryptocurrency Exchanges? Examining the Role of the Market and Community

This exploratory study investigates drivers of the competition between cryptocurrency exchanges. We specifically examine the impact of the market as well as the community on two distinct types of competition the competition for trading frequency and the competition for trading quantity. In our empirical analysis, we draw on a comprehensive data sample compiled from three data sources. The data includes 24 Bitcoin-fiat currency pairs traded on 79 cryptocurrency exchanges, 71,516 associated posts extracted from a corpus of 2.13bn Reddit posts and Wikipedia search data. We find that the competition for trading frequency is driven by both the market as well as the community whereas the competition for trading quantity is driven solely by the market. We contribute to theory and practice by providing a first understanding of drivers of the competition of cryptocurrency exchanges. In addition, we introduce a new competition measure that is based on the trading frequency.
Off-Pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass: can OPCAB reduce neurologic injury?

OBJECTIVE Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass is still the gold standard for surgical myocardial revascularization. Despite advances in techniques and technologies, documented evidence indicates that cardiopulmonary bypass remains the major source of intraoperative brain injury. This study was set up to test whether offpump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) is superior to CABG regarding postoperative neurologic outcome or neurocognitive function. METHODS Between January 1999 and June 2001, 251 patients scheduled for coronary revascularization were divided into 2 groups, CABG (control) and OPCAB. All patients underwent an extensive neurologic and neurocognitive battery of tests preoperatively and postoperatively at 48 hours, 7 days, and 3 months following surgery. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the preoperative or intraoperative data. The means for patient age, number of grafts, and number of central anastomoses were, respectively, 65.4 years (CABG) and 64.6 years (OPCAB), 3.0 (CABG) and 2.2 (OPCAB), and 2.0 (CABG) and 1.2 (OPCAB). The occurrence of stroke was 2.3% (CABG) and 0% (OPCAB). CONCLUSION Neurologic complications and postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction remain major concerns in coronary artery surgery. Besides the occurrence of stroke, which dramatically reduces the success of the heart operation, the importance of neurocognitive disorders for postoperative quality of life is not yet well defined. OPCAB significantly improves postoperative neurocognitive function, which may in turn improve the postoperative quality of life.
Health information for young people where and when they most want it: a case study of www.teenagehealthfreak.org.

The Internet is an exciting resource for providing immediately available, evidence-based, health information for young people in an age-appropriate form on a 24 hours/day, 7 days/week basis. www.teenagehealthfreak. org is a United Kingdom-based Web site designed to take advantage of this. The content of the site, which is the leading teenage health Web site on a Google search, contains both the diary of a hypochondriac 15-year-old boy and a virtual doctor's surgery. It also allows for young people to e-mail health-related questions and receive relevant answers from a health expert. Analysis of the content of these e-mails indicates the unmet health needs and concerns of young people. Future developments of the site include linking the site www.youthhealthtalk. org, a Web site that contains videotaped interviews with young people who have a variety other health concerns.
Fiber-Core-Matched Three-Dimensional Adiabatic Tapered Couplers for Integrated Photonic Devices

A three-dimensional (3-D) adiabatic tapered coupler is demonstrated to improve light coupling between single-mode fibers (SMF) and an integrated photonic chip. This 3-D taper, made by polymer via a fabrication process using mode extrusion in combination with photolithography, can have a large coupling area matching with a fiber core. For a silicon oxynitride waveguide coupling to a SMF, the measured coupler loss was 3 dB. The fiber misalignment tolerance is 3.5 m and 3 to 5 m for the lateral and vertical offset, respectively, according to a 3-dB loss window.
Improving ROUGE for Timeline Summarization

Current evaluation metrics for timeline summarization either ignore the temporal aspect of the task or require strict date matching. We introduce variants of ROUGE that allow alignment of daily summaries via temporal distance or semantic similarity. We argue for the suitability of these variants in a theoretical analysis and demonstrate it in a battery of task-specific tests.
Pseudorabies virus protein homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP18.5 is necessary for capsid maturation

In pseudorabies virus (PrV), an open reading frame that partially overlaps the gene for the essential glycoprotein gII has been shown to encode a protein homologous to the ICP18.5 polypeptide of herpes simplex virus type 1 (N. Pederson and L. Enquist, Nucleic Acids Res. 17:3597, 1989). To study the function of this protein during the viral replicative cycle, a PrV mutant which carries a beta-galactosidase expression cassette interrupting the ICP18.5(PrV) gene was constructed. This mutant could be propagated only on cell lines that were able to provide ICP18.5(PrV) in trans after transformation with a corresponding genomic PrV DNA fragment. Detailed analysis showed that inactivation of the ICP18.5(PrV) gene did not impair infection of noncomplementing cells, nor did it impair early or late gene expression, as shown by immunoprecipitation of glycoproteins gII, gIII, and gp50. Surface localization of glycoproteins as demonstrated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses was also not affected. Southern blot hybridizations, however, showed that cleavage of replicative concatemeric viral DNA did not occur in noncomplementing cells infected by the ICP18.5 mutant PrV. In addition, electron microscopic analysis revealed an accumulation of empty capsids in the nucleus of mutant-infected noncomplementing cells. We conclude that the ICP18.5(PrV) protein is necessary for viral replication and plays an essential role in the process of mature capsid formation.
Prefrontal cortex, thalamus, and cerebellar volumes in adolescents and young adults with adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders and comorbid mental disorders.

BACKGROUND In adults, prefrontal, thalamic, and cerebellar brain injury is associated with excessive ethanol intake. As these brain structures are actively maturing during adolescence, we hypothesized that subjects with adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders, compared with control subjects, would have smaller brain volumes in these areas. Thus, we compared prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar measures of adolescents and young adults with adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders (AUD, defined as DSM-IV alcohol dependence or abuse) with those of sociodemographically similar control subjects. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure prefrontal cortex, thalamic, and cerebellar volumes in 14 subjects (eight males, six females) with an AUD (mean age, 17.0+/-2.1 years) and 28 control subjects (16 males, 12 females; 16.9+/-2.3 years). All AUD subjects were recruited from substance abuse treatment programs and had comorbid mental disorders. RESULTS Subjects with alcohol use disorders had smaller prefrontal cortex and prefrontal cortex white matter volumes compared with control subjects. Right, left, and total thalamic, pons/brainstem, right and left cerebellar hemispheric, total cerebellar, and cerebellar vermis volumes did not differ between groups. There was a significant sex-by-group effect, indicating that males with an adolescent-onset AUD compared with control males had smaller cerebellar volumes, whereas the two female groups did not differ in cerebellar volumes. Prefrontal cortex volume variables significantly correlated with measures of alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a smaller prefrontal cortex is associated with early-onset drinking in individuals with comorbid mental disorders. Further studies are warranted to examine if a smaller prefrontal cortex represents a vulnerability to, or a consequence of, early-onset drinking.
Mineralogical characteristics of phlogopite from Dupen kamen, Republic of Macedonia

Abstract: In this paper are presented mineralogicalcharacteristicsof phlogopite from Dupen kamen, Republic of Macedonia. Several samples of phlogopite from Dupen kamenwere analysed by XRD, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Infrared spectroscopy (IR). The use of these three methods showed that they are very useful methods for rapid mineral analysis contributing important analytical information. The results of the X-ray powder pattern, SEM analysis and Infrared spectroscopyenabled straightforward identification of the studied mineral sample as phlogopite.Phlogopite is located in a series ofmarblesthat are part ofthePelagonianmetamorphic complex. It occurs in yellow and gold yellow monoclinic-prismatic crystals. Transparent to translucent with vitreous lustre.Streak is white. Hardnessis 2-2½ while density is 2.7 - 2.9 g/cm3. Cleavage is perfect on {001}. Concentration of Mg is 16.50-17.98%, Al 6.16-7.31%, Si 20.86-26.84% while K from 8.59 to 9.93%. Phlogpite in marble form Dupen kamen is considered that was formed probably by reaction between dolomite and earlier formed potassium feldspar or muscovite. Keywords: phlogopite, (SEM)-scanning electron microscope, (X-ray)-powder diffraction(IR) infrared spectroscopy
Numerical solution of the Burgers' equation over geometrically graded mesh

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the numerical solution of the Burgers' equation is obtained using the methods of cubic B‐spline collocation and quadratic B‐spline Galerkin over the geometrically graded mesh.Design/methodology/approach – The spatial domain is partitioned into geometrically graded mesh. The finite element methods are constructed within the Galerkin and collocation methods using an expansion of the quadratic and cubic B‐splines as an approximate function, respectively, over this mesh.Findings – When the higher errors are observed at near boundaries for shock‐like and travelling wave solutions of the Burgers' equation, accuracy of the defined methods increase by using finer mesh at near this boundary.Originality/value – Over the geometrically graded mesh definitions of the quadratic B‐spline Galerkin and cubic B‐spline collocation are given.
Effects of Emotion Recognition and Alexithymia on Motivation to Lead: Evidence from Turkey

This study considers motivation to lead (MTL) as its focal point and assumes that MTL should be linked to the person's emotionality. The author draws on two partially opposing concepts regarding emotions: emotion recognition and alexithymia. Their effects on MTL are analysed using two data sets, from top managers and senior business administration students. A noteworthy finding is that the statistical structures of emotion recognition, alexithymia and MTL are the same for both groups. Though managers are superior to the students in terms of identifying and expressing their emotions, and are not as externally oriented as the students; they tend to focus more on the negative emotions. The managers are more emotionally proactive in assuming leadership role and consider more strongly that leadership is an honourable duty. The managers’ more extroverted alexithymia factors are found to affect their MTL. Manager MTL’s affective component is linked with their emotionality, and their emotion recognition and externally oriented thinking affect their MTL’s affective component. The students’ MTL is not found to be affected by their emotionality but a decomposition of their MTL uncovers that only social-normative component is affected by their externally oriented thinking and deficiency in identifying their own emotions.
Resultant knee joint moments for lateral movement tasks on sliding and non-sliding sport surfaces

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare ankle and knee joint moments observed when playing on sport surfaces that slide slightly relative to the ground with the moments observed when playing on conventional sport surfaces. Three-dimensional resultant internal joint moments and kinematic characteristics of the lower extremity were quantified for 21 university basketball players when performing v-cut and side-shuffle tasks on three types of sliding surface (interlocking tiles) and on two types of conventional surface (maple wood and rolled vinyl). Translational and rotational friction between the five test surfaces and a test shoe were also quantified. The five sport surfaces moved horizontally between 0.2 and 1.6 mm during the landing phase of the two tasks. The medio-lateral ground reaction forces were lowest for the surfaces with the highest horizontal movement. Resultant ankle joint moments were lower and resultant knee moments were higher on the sliding surfaces than the conventional surfaces. Sport surfaces that allow a few millimetres of horizontal movement during ground contact may reduce joint loading at the ankle joint, but increase joint loading at the knee joint, when compared with conventional sport surfaces, and thus may influence the prevalence of knee injuries.
Childhood mental ability and adult alcohol intake and alcohol problems: the 1970 British cohort study.

OBJECTIVES We examined the potential relation of mental ability test scores at age 10 years with alcohol problems and alcohol intake at age 30 years. METHODS We used data from a prospective observational study involving 8170 members of a birth cohort from Great Britain born in 1970. Data included mental ability scores at age 10 years and responses to inquiries about alcohol intake and problems at age 30 years. RESULTS After adjustment for potential mediating and confounding factors, cohort members with higher childhood mental ability scores had an increased prevalence of problem drinking in adulthood. This association was stronger among women (odds ratio [OR](1 SD increase in ability) = 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16, 1.64) than men (OR(1 SD increase in ability) = 1.17; CI = 1.04, 1.28; P for interaction = . 004). Childhood mental ability was also related to a higher average intake of alcohol and to drinking more frequently. Again, these gradients were stronger among women than among men. CONCLUSIONS In this large-scale cohort study, higher childhood mental ability was related to alcohol problems and higher alcohol intake in adult life. These unexpected results warrant examination in other studies.
Health conditions, physical disabilities, perceived burdensomeness, and depressive symptoms influence suicidal ideation

ABSTRACT The roles of perceived burdensomeness and depressive symptoms in the relationship between physical disabilities or health conditions and suicidal ideation warrant examination. The authors examined indirect effects using cross-sectional data from adults who answered questions online. The serial indirect effect of the number of physical disabilities on suicidal ideation through perceived burdensomeness and depressive symptoms was not significant, but the serial indirect effects of the combined number of physical disabilities and health conditions and number of health conditions on suicidal ideation through perceived burdensomeness and depression were each significant. For those with disabilities or health conditions, perceived burdensomeness may precede depressive symptoms in the development of suicidal ideation.
The Relationship Between Volume or Surgeon Specialty and Outcome in the Surgical Treatment of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Whether improvement of quality of surgical cancer care can be achieved by centralizing care in high-volume specialized centers is a subject of ongoing debate. We have conducted a meta-analysis of the literature on the effect of procedural volume or surgeon specialty on outcome of lung resections for cancer. Methods: A systematic search of articles published between January 1, 1990 and January 20, 2011 on the effects of surgeon specialty and hospital or surgeon volume of lung resections on mortality and survival was conducted. After strict inclusion, meta-analysis assuming a random-effects model was performed. Meta-regression was used to identify volume cutoff values. Heterogeneity and the risk of publication bias were evaluated. Results: Nineteen relevant studies were found. Studies were heterogeneous, especially in defining volume categories. The pooled estimated effect size was significant in favor of high-volume hospitals regarding postoperative mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.71; confidence interval 0.62–0.81), but not for survival (OR 0.93; confidence interval 0.84–1.03). Surgeon volume showed no significant effect on outcome. General surgeons had significantly higher mortality risks than general thoracic (OR 0.78; 0.70–0.88) or cardiothoracic surgeons (OR 0.82; 0.69–0.96). A minimal annual volume of resections for lung cancer could not be identified. Conclusions: Hospital volume and surgeon specialty are important determinants of outcome in lung cancer resections, but evidence-based minimal-volume standards are lacking. Evaluation of individual institutions in a national audit program might help elucidate the influence of individual quality-of-care parameters, including hospital volume, on outcome.
Emergency Childcare for Hospital Workers During Disasters

Objectives The objectives were to determine the impact of emergency childcare (EC) needs on health care workers' ability and likelihood to work during a pandemic versus an earthquake as well as to determine the anticipated need and expected use of an on-site, hospital-provided EC program. Methods An online survey was distributed to all employees of an academic, urban pediatric hospital. Two disaster scenarios were presented (pandemic influenza and earthquake). Ability to work based on childcare needs, planned use of proposed hospital-provided EC, and demographics of children being brought in were obtained. Results A total of 685 employees participated (96.6% female, 79.6% white), with a 40% response rate. Those with children (n = 307) reported that childcare needs would affect their work decisions during a pandemic more than an earthquake (61.1% vs 56.0%; t = 3.7; P < 0.001). Only 28.0% (n = 80) of those who would need childcare (n = 257) report an EC plan. The scenario did not impact EC need or planned use; during scheduled versus unscheduled shifts, 40.7% versus 63.0% reported need for EC, and 50.8% versus 63.2% reported anticipated using EC. Conclusions Hospital workers have a high anticipated use of hospital-provided EC. Provisions for EC should be an integral part of hospital disaster planning.
Polymeric and monomeric human growth hormone binding to rat liver plasma membranes.

The binding of monomeric and polymeric [125I]hGH to rat liver plasma membranes was studied to define the characteristics of hGH binding and to explore the possible physiological significance of polymeric hGH. Monomeric and polymeric hGH, isolated from clinical grade hGH by gel filtration, represent approximately 44 and 35% of the protein in clinical gradehGH, respectively. The radioimmunoreactivity of polymeric hGH to hGH antibody was approximately 3% of that of monomeric hGH. Both polymeric and monomeric hGH bound to receptors on liver plasma membranes. Specific binding of both polymeric and monomeric hGH was similar with respect to time, affinity, temperature, pH, and monovalent cations. Binding of both polymeric and monomeric hGH was increased 4-fold by 100 DIM monovalent cation concentration. Calcium and magnesium produced a 9-fold increase in monomeric hGH binding between 10-100 mM concentration. Magnesium produced peak binding of polymeric hGH at 10 mM concentration whereas calcium produced only min.
Efficacy of interventions used by physiotherapists for patients with headache and migraine—systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim We aimed to conduct a systematic review evaluating the effectiveness of interventions used by physiotherapists on the intensity, frequency and duration of migraine, tension-type (TTH) and cervicogenic headache (CGH). Methods We performed a systematic search of electronic databases and a hand search for controlled trials. A risk of bias analysis was conducted using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB). Meta-analyses present the combined mean effects; sensitivity analyses evaluate the influence of methodological quality. Results Of 77 eligible trials, 26 were included in the RoB assessment. Twenty trials were included in meta-analyses. Nineteen out of 26 trials had a high RoB in >1 domain. Meta-analyses of all trials indicated a reduction of TTH (p < 0.0001; mean reduction −1.11 on a 0–10 visual analog scale (VAS); 95% CI −1.64 to −0.57) and CGH (p = 0.0002; mean reduction −2.52 on a 0–10 VAS; 95% CI −3.86 to −1.19) pain intensity, CGH frequency (p < 0.00001; mean reduction −1.34 days per month; 95% CI −1.40 to −1.28), and migraine (p = 0.0001; mean reduction −22.39 hours without relief; 95% CI −33.90 to −10.88) and CGH (p < 0.00001; mean reduction −1.68 hours per day; 95% CI −2.09 to −1.26) duration. Excluding high RoB trials increased the effect sizes and reached additional statistical significance for migraine pain intensity (p < 0.00001; mean reduction −1.94 on a 0–10 VAS; 95% CI −2.61 to −1.27) and frequency (p < 0.00001; mean reduction −9.07 days per month; 95% CI −9.52 to −8.62). Discussion Results suggest a statistically significant reduction in the intensity, frequency and duration of migraine, TTH and CGH. Pain reduction and reduction in CGH frequency do not reach clinically relevant effect sizes. Small sample sizes, inadequate use of headache classification, and other methodological shortcomings reduce the confidence in these results. Methodologically sound, randomized controlled trials with adequate sample sizes are required to provide information on whether and which physiotherapy approach is effective. According to Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), the current level of evidence is low.
Ulcerative irritant contact dermatitis from lindane

A 27-year-old man presented with a history of acne after beginning his research for the graduate dissertation in a chemical laboratory. His work involved manipulation of o-dichlorobenzene once a day and no contact with any other chemical substances except acetone. 3 months after starting this work, he had begun to show initial manifestations of acne and had then accidental hand contact with o-dichlorobenzene because of a broken vial. Soon after this episode, acne symptoms worsened, prompting him to seek medical advice. On examination, there were open comedones and straw-coloured cysts on the cheeks and malar crescent. No lesions were apparent on the forehead, the neck or the chest. Blood tests were normal and there was no evidence of other diseases. The patient was removed from further exposure, treated with systemic antibiotic therapy, and after 3 months showed evident improvement. In order to help confirm the role of o-dichlorobenzene exposure, passive diffusion samplers (Radiello, Aquaria, Milano, Italy) were placed in the laboratory for the duration of the work shift, desorbed with CS2 and then analysed by means of gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. O-dichlorobenzene present in the air was in the range of 0.8–2.2 p.p.b. , that is hundreds of times lower than the ACGIH TLVTWA of 25 p.p.m.