Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Modeling for the Wireless Power Transfer System in Domino Structure

A wireless power transfer (WPT) system in domino structure is a high-order system with a number of state variables. Thus, the controller design for the power electronic converters has been very challenging. With the aid of phasor transformation, a simple representation of the system could be derived. In this article, the procedure of creating a dynamic model for a WPT system in domino structure is introduced. The model allows the estimation of receiver-side operating conditions from the transmitter. Using the phasor transformation technique, the varying phasors of the resonant voltages and currents in the WPT system are taken as state variables, rather than their rapidly changing real-time values. Compared to traditional analytical methods, the lower computational cost is significantly benefited from the system order reduction. The dynamic model is validated by experimental measurement results. The results show good accuracy of input and output voltage and current prediction. The dynamic model provides a deep insight into the system behavior. The dynamic model could play an important role in the future development of control algorithms to further advance the performance of the WPT system.
Novel Five-Level ANPC Bidirectional Converter for Power Quality Enhancement during G2V/V2G Operation of Cascaded EV Charger

This paper presents a novel single-phase (SP) active-neutral point clamped (ANPC) five-level bidirectional converter (FLBC) for enhancing the power quality (PQ) during the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation of an electric vehicle (EV) charger connected in series. This EV charger is based on a dual-active half-bridge DC-DC converter (DAHBC) with a high frequency isolation transformer. Unlike the comparable ANPC topologies found in literature, the proposed one has two more switches, i.e., ten instead of eight. However, with the addition of these components, the proposed multilevel converter not only becomes capable of properly balancing the voltage of the DC-link split capacitors under various step-changing conditions but it achieves a better efficiency, a lower stress of the switching devices and a more even distribution of the power losses. The resulting grid-tied ANPC-SPFLBC and DAHBC are accurately controlled with a cascaded control strategy and a single-phase shift (SPS) control technique, respectively. The simulation results obtained with MATLAB-SimPowerSystems as well as the experimental results obtained in laboratory validate the proposed ANPC-SPFLBC for a set of exhaustive tests in both V2G and G2V modes. A detailed power quality analysis carried out with a Fluke 43B alike demonstrates the good performance of the proposed topology.
Nutrition for Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

In nutritional guidance to prevent the development of arteriosclerosis, keep the calorie intake appropriate, suppress the intake of unsaturated fatty acids, refrain from sugar and salt, and limited alcoholic beverages consumption are advised. In recent years, in addition to these diets for preventing arteriosclerosis, as the number of undernourished elderly cardiovascular disease patients increases, more complicated nutritional guidance considering malnutrition is required. Many elderly patients with heart failure are undernourished, which is a cause of further deterioration of mental and physical function. It is useful to accurately evaluate this malnutrition and to perform appropriate interventions such as diet and exercise therapy. In the mini-review, we will summarize the nutritional assessment of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease as the end stage of atherosclerotic diseases and the nutritional assessment tools, which are useful for the evaluation. The nutritional status can be evaluated more accurately by combining several evaluation items. In the mini-review, we introduce MNA® (Mini Nutritional Assessment), GNRI (Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index), CONUT (Controlling Nutritional Status), and the GLIM criteria. These nutritional assessment tools are useful for elderly patients with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases to evaluate their nutritional conditions.
Cadastro ambiental rural

O Cadastramento Ambiental Rural - CAR facilita o proprietário legalizar sua área, não necessitando essencialmente do georreferenciamento, com a possibilidade de cadastramento sem o uso de geoprocessamento. Para a realização do referido estudo foi feita uma prospecção com sistema geodésico e uso do georreferenciamento, com posterior inserção dos dados na plataforma digital do INCRA. O estudo compreendeu o período de outubro de 2018 a maio de 2019, na fazenda Jacumuazinho, Mirangaba (10°55'52"S 40°33'76''W), um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, domínio fitogeográfico da Caatinga, Sertão Baiano. Os dados revelaram que pelo tamanho da Fazenda Jacumuazinho, a mesma se encontra obrigatoriamente apta a fazer o georreferenciamento. Com isso, sua certificação foi feita através de um profissional credenciado no INCRA e certificada na plataforma do SIGEF, gerando o mapa e o memorial descritivo, com a certificação da parcela georreferenciada do referido imóvel. Com base nisso, a propriedade foi dividida em duas partes, gerando dois polígonos e dois CAR. Nota-se que a aplicabilidade do CAR possui vantagem relacionada ao mercado de cotas de Reserva Legal (RL), considerado um beneficio agregado ao cadastramento em que há troca de informações e de imagens de cobertura vegetal, podendo ser usadas para compensar a falta de Reserva Legal (RL). Ademais, é uma ferramenta que serve como fonte de renda alternativa para quem cria, arrenda ou vende as cotas, colaborando para quem precisa regularizar sua propriedade.
Using Internet of Things and Distributed Ledger Technology for Digital Circular Economy Enablement: The Case of Electronic Equipment

Nowadays, high expectations are set for a digitally enabled circular economy (CE), to enhance resource efficiency. Tracing, tracking, and storing information is most important for this. In this paper, the application of Internet of Things (IoT) and Distributed Ledger Technology (Blockchain) are hence discussed by presenting the case of professional Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) in Italy. Within the context of CE, prevention of electronic waste (WEEE) is extremely relevant as it is a fast-growing waste stream, and the products contain environmentally damaging substances as well as valuable and rare materials. The use of a proper combination of IoT and blockchain can help the producers to keep control on products until EEE end-of-life, while promoting CE strategies and supporting decision-making. Based on the outcomes of five interviews conducted in 2019 to companies of the EEE sector, potential improvements in the EEE end-of-use management are discussed. After providing the definition of requirements for both the technical solution and its testing are provided, three solution variations and the related business models are created and presented, as well as considerations on their environmental and economic impacts. The study shows how digital technologies can support the appropriate and circular management of EEE products and WEEE.
Toward Improved Comparisons Between Land‐Surface‐Water‐Area Estimates From a Global River Model and Satellite Observations

Land surface water is a key component of the global water cycle. Compared to remote sensing by satellites, both temporal extension and spatial continuity are superior in modeling of water surface area. However, overall evaluation of models representing different kinds of surface waters at the global scale is lacking. We estimated land surface water area (LSWA) using the Catchment‐based Macro‐scale Floodplain model (CaMa‐Flood), a global hydrodynamic model, and compared the estimates with Landsat at 3″ resolution (∼90 m at the equator) globally. Results show that the two methodologies show agreement in the general spatial patterns of LSWA (e.g., major rivers and lakes, open‐to‐sky floodplains), but globally consistent mismatches are found under several land surface conditions. CaMa‐Flood underestimates LSWA in high northern latitudes and coastal areas, as the presence of isolated lakes in local depressions or small coastal rivers is not considered by the model's physical assumptions. In contrast, model‐estimated LSWA is larger than Landsat estimates in forest‐covered areas (e.g., Amazon basin) due to the opacity of vegetation for optical satellite sensing, and in cropland areas due to the lack of dynamic water processes (e.g., re‐infiltration, evaporation, and water consumption) and constraints of water infrastructure (e.g., canals, levees). These globally consistent differences can be reasonably explained by the model's physical assumptions or optical satellite sensing characteristics. Applying filters (e.g., floodplain topography mask, forest and cropland mask) to the two datasets improves the reliability of comparison and allows the remaining local‐scale discrepancies to be attributed to locally varying factors (e.g., channel parameters, atmospheric forcing).
Using a permanent magnetic field to manipulate the separation effect of a dense medium cyclone

ABSTRACT To manipulate the separation density of a dense medium cyclone (DMC), different arrangements of permanent magnets were attached on the outside of the cyclone. Separation tests were performed and the results showed that, with the increasing magnetic field intensity, the products densities decreased with magnetite only, and the separation density first increased and later decreased. The simulation analysis indicated that the presence of a magnetic field in the lower conical section of the cyclone can decrease the separation density, because of the downwards movement of the magnetic medium. This paper proposed a new magnetic manipulation method for separation density and also will be an innovative way to increase the capacity of the equipment.
Rural China under the COVID‐19 pandemic: Differentiated impacts, rural–urban inequality and agro‐industrialization

We use field data collected in a village in northern China to examine the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on rural economy and livelihoods The lockdown effectively protected the village from the pandemic, resulting in zero infection The economic impacts were mostly negative but differentiated across economic sectors and livelihood strategies;some gained from the business opportunities arising from the pandemic Wage loss for migrant workers was the most common negative impact but lasted less than 2 months Overall, rural China has escaped the worst impacts of the pandemic found in other developing countries We argue that the structure of inequalities in today's China, now primarily based on market differentiations, has become far more complex than the simplistic rural–urban dichotomy based on the household registration (hukou) status can possibly explain Rather than exacerbating the hukou‐based rural–urban inequality, the true impacts of the pandemic on rural China are more likely to result from the reforms of the agri‐food system The suspected link between the new pathogen and the food system has created a misinformed urgency for the government to accelerate the industrialization of the food system, which we think can backfire and increase the likelihood of the next outbreak [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Agrarian Change is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
BiGRU based online multi-modal driving maneuvers and trajectory prediction

Accurately predicting maneuvers and trajectory of vehicles are essential prerequisites for intelligent systems such as autonomous vehicles to achieve safe and high-quality decision making and motion planning. Motions of each vehicle in a scene is governed by the traffic context, that is, the motion and relative spatial positions of neighboring vehicles, and is also affected by its motion inertia, that is, the trajectory history. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme based on Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) to conduct online multi-modal driving maneuvers and trajectory prediction. The motivation for this BiGRU based method relies on its enhanced prediction accuracy and computational efficiency in outputting the predicted results within the limited prediction horizon. We utilize a BiGRU to extract the complete history and future information of every point in the trajectory history sequence, apply dilated convolutional social (DCS) for learning interdependencies in vehicle motion, and subsequently use a GRU decoder model to make predictions. Additionally, our model simultaneously outputs a multi-modal predictive distribution over future trajectory and vehicle’s behavior prediction results. We evaluate our model using the publicly available NGSIM US-101and I-80 datasets. Our results show improvements over the state-of-the-art in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values and Negative Log-Likelihoods (NLL). We also present a qualitative analysis of the model’s predicted maneuvers and multi-model trajectories for various traffic scenarios.
Foreshock Cavities: Direct Transmission Through the Bow Shock

Global hybrid code simulations predict enhanced densities and magnetic field strengths not only in foreshock compressional boundaries on the flanks of the steady‐state dayside foreshock under near‐radial IMF conditions but also on the edges of the traveling foreshock cavities formed when slabs of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) lines connect to the bow shock. The simulations predict only modest velocity or temperature perturbations attending the foreshock compressional/cavity boundaries. However, they predict pronounced flow enhancements and depressed temperatures accompanying the enhanced densities and magnetic field strengths on foreshock compressional/cavity boundaries transmitted into the magnetosheath. Many of these properties are similar to those of magnetosheath jets, previously attributed to processes occurring at locations where the solar wind flow makes a grazing encounter with a locally oblique bow shock. Simultaneous THEMIS observations upstream and downstream from the Earth’s bow shock from 1430 to 1630 UT on June 14, 2007 confirm simulation predictions for the direct transmission of foreshock cavities into the magnetosheath. Foreshock cavity density and magnetic field strength perturbations diminish very rapidly with distance upstream from the bow shock.
Enhanced Simulating Annealing and SVM for Intrusion Detection System in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networking (WSN) is among the most recent technologies with uses ranging from medicine to the military. Nevertheless, WSNs are impervious to numerous types of cyber-attacks that could compromise the performance of the entire network, which could lead to fatal problems such as a routing attacks, denial-of-service attack, probe, etc. Key management protocols, secure routing, and authentication protocols cannot offer WSN protections for such kinds of attacks. The intrusion detection scheme is the way to solve the issue. This paper proposes an Enhanced simulated annealing based support vector machine algorithm for intrusion detection. Traditional features selection algorithm simulating annealing takes much time to run. So, to avoid this problem, we have introduced Enhanced simulated annealing. From the performance results, it can be seen that our proposed feature selection method provides better performance results than the existing method.
Simulation of Energy Absorption Performance of the Couplers in Urban Railway Vehicles during a Heavy Collision

Railway vehicles are generally operated by connecting several vehicles in a row. Mechanisms connecting railway vehicles must also absorb front and rear shock loads that occur during a train’s operation. To minimize damage, rail car couplers are equipped with a buffer system that absorbs the impact of energy. It is difficult to perform a crash test and evaluate performance by applying a buffer to an actual railway vehicle. In this study, a simulation technique using a mathematical buffer model was introduced to overcome these difficulties. For this, a model of each element of the buffer was built based on the experimental data for each element of the coupling buffer system and a collision simulation program was developed. The buffering characteristics of a 10-car train colliding at 25 km/h were analyzed using a developed simulator. The results of the heavy collision simulation showed that the rubber buffer was directly connected to the hydraulic shock absorber in a solid contact state, and displacement of the hydraulic buffer hardly occurred despite the increase in reaction force due to the high impact speed. Since the impact force is concentrated on the vehicle to which the collision is applied, it may be appropriate to apply a deformation tube with different characteristics depending on the vehicle location.
A community of practice for graduate students in health sciences

PurposeThe aim of this study was to describe the experiences of graduate students who participated in the community of practice (CoP) and identify areas for improvement to support academic success.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 19 graduate students engaged in a CoP to facilitate social interactions, knowledge sharing and learning within a culture of scholarship. A descriptive qualitative research study was conducted using semistructured interviews with eight participants who had attended the CoP meeting.FindingsAll participants were from the School of Nursing and perceived the CoP to be beneficial, particularly international students who had challenges in adapting to new academic and social environments. Areas for improvement include creating a group structure that enhances belonging and learning.Originality/valueThis is the first CoP that was implemented at the Faculty of Health Sciences at the authors’ university. It has been the authors’ experience that a CoP can benefit graduate students through networking, knowledge sharing, social support and learning. The finding of this research will be used to inform a new CoP to address the needs of graduate students. The authors will be adapting the CoP to the current context that includes a virtual platform during the COVID-19 pandemic and will include content specific for international students.
Relativistic Coupled-Cluster Calculations of Isotope Shifts for the Low-Lying States of Ca II in the Finite-Field Approach

We have evaluated the isotope shift (IS) constants of the first five low-lying fine-structure states of the singly charged calcium ion (Ca II) by adopting a finite-field (FF) approach in the relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC), a method developed by us and by using a code also developed by us. A similar previous calculation using singles and doubles approximation RCC theory (RCCSD method), gives results for the individual states in the FF approach that deviate substantially, while the differential values (the shifts of the spectral lines) agree reasonably well with other theoretical results and with experiments. However, we find a contrasting trend from the FF approach using our RCCSD method although calculations with the Dirac–Hartree–Fock (DHF) method shows good agreement. Our results also show that inclusion of partial triple excitations in the perturbative approach (RCCSD(T) method) through energy derivation lessens accuracy, but these results can be improved when triple excitations are included in the wave function that determines the RCC equations. The differences between the RCCSD and RCCSD(T) results demonstrate the importance of triple excitations in evaluating energies and IS constants for Ca II. Finally, we also present ab initio values of IS’s between the S–P, S–D, and D–P transitions in the DHF, and RCCSD and RCCSD(T) approximations and this is compared to the previously reported values (theoretical as well as experimental).
Synthesis and Fragmentation Behavior Study of n-alkyl/benzyl Isatin Derivatives Present in Small/Complex Molecules: Precursor for the Preparation of Biological Active Heterocycles

N-Alkyl/benzyl substituted isatin derivatives are intermediates and synthetic precursors for the preparation of biolog- ical active heterocycles. N-alkyl/benzyl isatins have showed various biological activities, such as cytotoxicity, antiviral, caspase inhibition, cannabinoid receptor 2 agonists for the treatment of neuropathic pain, etc. In this study, N-alkyl/benzyl isatin deriva- tives were synthesized from isatin and alkyl/benzyl halides in presence of K2CO3 in DMF and excellent to quantitative yields (~95%) were obtained. Isatins and benzyl-isatins were condensed with fluorescein hydrazide to form fluorescein hydrazone. All the compounds were subjected to their fragmentation behavior study using LC/MS n . N-Alkyl substituted isatin derivatives frag- mented at nitrogen-carbon (N-C) bond, hence gave daughter ion as (RN+H) + . Whereas, N-benzyl substituted isatin derivatives fragmented at carbon-carbon (C-C) bond of alkyl chain which linked with nitrogen molecules, therefore gave N-methyl frag- ments (RNCH2) + . This study demonstrated that, isatin moiety present in a small/large molecule or in a matrix of reaction mixture with/without N-alkyl/benzyl substituents can be identified by mass spectroscopic fragmentation behavior study.
Vibration Characteristics and Simulation Verification of the Dual-Rotor System for Aeroengines with Rub-Impact Coupling Faults

To study the rub-impact fault between the dynamic and static parts of the rotor system of aeroengines, the dual-rotor system of a typical aeroengine is introduced and taken as the research object. The analytical kinetic model is established based on the Lagrange equation considering the structural characteristics of the dual-rotor system, the coupling effect of the intermediate bearing, and the rub-impact fault between the high-pressure turbine disc and the casing. The dynamic characteristics of the dual-rotor system under the rub-impact fault are analyzed, and the change rule of the rub-impact shape is obtained. The vibration coupling and transfer among the high-pressure rotor and the low-pressure rotor are revealed. The influence of the unbalanced position and the speed of high and low rotors on the vibration response of the dual rotor is obtained. The sensitivity of the vibration response of the dual rotor at different test points to rub-impact stiffness, clearance, and friction coefficient is compared. The simulation model is established based on the rigid-flexible coupling multibody dynamic simulation platform. The analytical results and simulation results are compared, which have a good consistency. The theoretical research can deepen the understanding of the nature and law of aeroengine rotor operation, expose the possible faults and design defects, greatly improve the development efficiency and quality, reduce repeated physical tests, reduce the development risk and cost, and accelerate the development process. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the monitoring and diagnosis of engine rub-impact faults and provide theoretical and practical reference for the establishment of the vibration fault test and analysis method system.