Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DAMAGE ESTIMATION OF A SELF-CENTERING PRECAST CONCRETE BRIDGE PIER SYSTEM USING A PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

A precast segmental concrete bridge pier system is being investigated for use in seismic regions. The proposed system uses unbonded post-tensioning (UBPT) to join the precast segments and has the option of using a high performance fiber-reinforced cement-based composite (HPRFCC) in the precast segments at potential plastic hinging regions. The UBPT is expected to facilitate self-centering of the columns (i.e. cause minimal residual displacements) after cyclic loading and allow only a low amount of hysteretic energy dissipation. The HPFRCC material is expected to add hysteretic energy dissipation and damage tolerance to the system. Large-scale experiments on columns using the proposed system were conducted and are briefly reviewed. An overview of the performance-based framework developed by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center is presented, and an assessment of the potential damage in the proposed system using the performance-based methodology is presented.
CD 1 d expression on hemopoietic cells promotes CD 4 + Th 1 response in coxsackievirus B 3 induced myocarditis

Coxsackievirus B3 induced murine myocarditis depends upon CD1d expression and upon a population of CD1d-restricted Vγ4+ T cells. Infection upregulates CD1d expression in CD4+ T cells. Bone marrow chimeras were made between BALB/c and BALB/c CD1d−/− mice and showed that CD1d expression in either hemopoietic and non-hemopoietic cells induces myocarditis, although CD1d expression on hemopoietic cells was more effective in increasing Vγ4+ cell numbers and activation, and CD4+ IFNγ+ cell response than CD1d expression on nonhemopoietic cells. Co-culture of enriched CD4+ cells from infected CD1d−/− and BALB/c mice with Vγ4+ T cells demonstrated that the Vγ4+ cells bias the CD4+ cell response to the Th1 phenotype through CD1d. Anti-CD1d antibody effectively blocked promotion of IFNγ expression by the CD4+ cell population. These results show that Vγ4+ cells modulate developing adaptive immunity through recognition of CD1d on CD4+ T cells, and that this interaction, more than Vγ4+ cell interaction with infected cardiocytes, determines pathogenicity. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
1 Semantic Constraints on Relative Clause

Extraposed relative clauses pose certain problems for movement-based analyses. Among them is the fact that extraposed relative clauses seem to be insensitive to island constraints. In addition, relative clause extraposition shows intricate interactions with variable binding. The present analysis is based on data from German. It refrains from a movement-based approach to relative clause extraposition and instead suggests that the extraposition of intersective modifiers should be handled by adjunction syntactically and by an anaphoric constraint termed generalized modification semantically. Such an analysis does not only cope with the insensitivity to island constraints, and variable binding data but also explains the behavior of extraposed modifiers in partial VPs. The analysis is compared to a wide variety of competing analyses.
Bringing The Output of Open Information Extraction to The RDF / XML Format : A Case Study

• Introduced by Michele Banko et al. in 2007 • Strategy for Information Discovery in arbitrary texts • Arbitrary relations are numerous. It is not possible to make an exhaustive list of all relations and their arguments • Traditional Information Extraction (IE) methods focus on particular relations • OIE methods extract arbitrary relations based on specific NLP patterns without requiring a pre-specified vocabulary or large manually tagged training corpora • Relations are extracted in the form of tuples
Immersion lithography using a dual-function BARC

An important challenge in advanced lithography is to reduce the reflections upward into the photoresist (PR), which distort the final resist pattern. A single bottom antireflection coating (BARC) is typically used, and substrate reflections are calculated for normal incident light rays, a reasonable assumption for large patterns (pitch >300nm) [1]. Immersion lithography using lenses with high numerical aperture (NA) is now used for printing features with smaller pitch (≤ 250– 300nm). Few incident light rays are perpendicular to the wafer surface [2], altering the optimum BARC design. This is especially true with strong RET methods such as the alternating-phase-shifting mask (alt-PSM) and dipole illumination, which must be used for the finest pattern pitches. In Fig. 1, the substrate reflection is simulated using Solid-C from Sigma-C GmbH for an alt-PSM with various pitches both for normal incidence (∞ pitch), as well as cases in which all the angles of incidence are taken into account [3]. A water immersion, λ = 193nm, NA = 1.43 projection lens was assumed with σ = 0. The substrate reflection is strongly pitch—and BARC layer thickness—dependent for finite pitches, where normal incidence is ideally absent. The largest pitch (500nm) is closest to the case of normal incidence. Figure 1. Simulation of reflection from PR bottom as a function of BARC thickness for various pitches using an alternating phase shift mask (Alt-PSM) 1:1 L/S, σ = 0, NA = 1.43, water immersion and λ = 193nm. Four orders and two angles are included for the largest pitches.
ActivityNet Kernelised Representation Generalised Multiple Instance Learning Deep Features NMF with JSD Transfer Joint Matching Actions in Unknown Datasets Word 2 Vec New Concepts Deep Network Matching 1 2 3

Unseen Action Recognition (UAR) aims to recognise novel action categories without training examples. While previous methods focus on inner-dataset seen/unseen splits, this paper proposes a pipeline using a large-scale training source to achieve a Universal Representation (UR) that can generalise to a more realistic Cross-Dataset UAR (CDUAR) scenario. We first address UAR as a Generalised Multiple-Instance Learning (GMIL) problem and discover ‘building-blocks’ from the large-scale ActivityNet dataset using distribution kernels. Essential visual and semantic components are preserved in a shared space to achieve the UR that can efficiently generalise to new datasets. Predicted UR exemplars can be improved by a simple semantic adaptation, and then an unseen action can be directly recognised using UR during the test. Without further training, extensive experiments manifest significant improvements over the UCF101 and HMDB51 benchmarks.
The effect of role conflict on self‐disclosure in social network sites: An integrated perspective of boundary regulation and dual process model

As people increasingly integrate social network sites (SNSs) into their daily lives, their social connections on SNSs become more diverse, including their friends, co‐workers, and relatives. In such a context, users may receive different role expectations from their various social circles and experience role conflict in their usage of SNSs. Furthermore, previous literature suggests that people may not always make privacy‐related decisions through effortful and deliberate information processing. Drawing on the perspective of boundary regulation and dual process theories, this study clarifies the consequences of role conflict on SNSs. A theoretical model is developed to examine the effect of role conflict regarding privacy risk and perceived control, which, in turn, impact self‐disclosure behaviour, as well as how this process is moderated by high‐ versus low‐effort processing. The results of 4 experiments provide strong support for our model. The implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Additional Operations of Simple HITs on Microtask Crowdsourcing for Worker Quality Prediction

In microtask crowdsourcing, low-quality workers damage the quality of work results. Therefore, if a system automatically eliminates the low-quality workers, the requesters will obtain high-quality work results with low wages. When we consider simple Human Intelligent Tasks (HITs), such as yes-no questions of a labeling task, the requesters have difficulty assessing the worker quality only from the work results. Therefore, we need a method to accurately predict the worker quality automatically from the behaviors of workers, such as working time and the number of clicks. When we accurately predict the worker quality, we are able to prepare many features from the worker behaviors. However, when we submit simple HITs, we can capture only a small number of behaviors of workers, then the accuracy of predicted worker quality will be low. To solve this issue, we propose a method to insert into the simple task of obtaining many features of worker behaviors. We prepared a classification task of tweets as simple HITs. We added a button to the work screen. The workers can browse the target tweets on the work screen during the time the workers are pressing the button, but the workers cannot browse the target tweets when the workers have released the button. Using this button, we can obtain six more kinds of features of worker behaviors. Using our method, we can improve the recall ratio 12% of identifying low-quality workers. However, as the load of workers increases, then the processing time becomes longer, and the motivation of workers decreases. From this result, we also discovered that there is a trade-off between the number of obtained behaviors and the load of workers.
Issues on the Correlation between Experimental and Numerical Results in Sheet Metal Forming Benchmarks

The validation of numerical models requires the comparison between numerical and experimental results, which led to the development of benchmark tests. In the sheet metal forming research field, the benchmarks proposed by the Numisheet conference series are a reference because they represent a challenge for the numerical codes, but also give a reference for their validation, since at least one experimental result is always available for comparison with the numerical ones, delivered by the participants. Anyhow, when several experimental results are available, it is observed that besides the expected dispersion of numerical results, also some fluctuation of experimental results is perceived. This dispersion of experimental results was one of the motivations for a international project involving partners from academia and industry, which was mainly focused on springback prediction [1]. In fact, springback prediction poses many challenges because it is strongly influenced by numerical parameters such as the type, order and integration scheme of finite elements as well as the shape and size of the finite element mesh, but also of the constitutive model adopted. Moreover, its measurement also requires the definition of a fixture that should not influence the actual springback and the proper definition of the measurement locations and directions. This is the subject of this contribution, which analyses the benchmark focused on springback prediction, proposed by the Numisheet 2016 committee [2]. Numerical results are obtained using AUTOFORM and DD3IMP solvers and comparisons are performed between both numerical and numerical and experimental data. The analysis gives an insight into issues related to the comparison of results in complex geometries involving springback, leading to some recommendations for similar benchmarks. Acknowledgements Authors gratefully acknowledge the funding of SciTech, R&D project NORTE-01-0145FEDER-000022 cofinanced by NORTE2020, through FEDER and the financial support of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under project PTDC/EMS-TEC/6400/2014. The second author is also grateful to the FCT for the Postdoctoral grant SFRH/BPD/101334/2014.
Stochastic Gradient Variational Bayes and Normalizing Flows for Estimating Macroeconomic Models

We illustrate the ability of the stochastic gradient variational Bayes algorithm, which is a very popular machine learning tool, to work with macrodata and macromodels. Choosing two approximations (mean-field and normalizing flows), we test properties of algorithms for a set of models and show that these models can be estimated fast despite the presence of estimated hyperparameters. Finally, we discuss the difficulties and possible directions of further research. JEL-classification
Analysis of the Similarity in Turbulence Intensity and Wind Shear as Function of the Wind Velocity : Field Measurements and Numerical Results

The analysis of turbulence intensity and wind shear factor, as in conventional wind resource measurements, showed a similar trend for both variables as a function of the wind speed. Although for the turbulence intensity, the wind speed of 15 ms−1 is generally regarded as the value at which its behaviour is asymptotic, there is no similar criterion defined for the shear factor. This work presents an alternative criterion for determining the wind speed at which the turbulence intensity must be referred to, which is also extended to and successfully tested in the case of the wind shear factor. This is the behaviour at high Reynolds number and can be well predicted by computer modelling of the wind flow equations over complex terrain.
Quadruple decomposition of current-dominated pulsatile rough-wall turbulent pipe flow

The physics of pulsatile rough-wall turbulent pipe flow is investigated using data from direct numerical simulation (DNS). Three geometrically-scaled sinusoidal roughness topographies are considered — the amplitude and wavelength of each surface are systematically varied whilst holding their amplitude-towavelength ratio constant. Pulsation is achieved by imposing a time-harmonic axial pressure gradient. The resulting flow-field is triple phase-averaged (in two spatial directions and also in time) which permits a quadruple decomposition of the instantaneous field variables to be invoked. The four components of the quadruple decomposition are: (i) a global-averaged mean component; (ii) a steady roughness-induced fluctuation; (iii) an unsteady pulsation-induced fluctuation and (iv) the remaining turbulent fluctuation. We compare statistics of (i)-(iv) against their non-pulsatile counterpart using past results from related work [1, 2]. Whilst the pulsatile and non-pulsatile data collapse well in the outer region, clear differences are observed in the near-roughness region. In particular, profiles of the mean axial velocity, roughness-induced stress and turbulence-induced stress exhibit consistently lower magnitudes below the roughness crests under pulsatile conditions.
CATTLE MARKS RECOGNITION BY HU AND LEGENDRE INVARIANT MOMENTS

Animal identification and traceability are important aspects for proper application of measures aimed at prevention and control of the agro-food crisis. Some Latin American countries use the hot branding system for animal identification. This paper proposes a digital image processing method to automate the registration and control process of cattle marks. It allows automating the search and comparison process required for cattle mark uniqueness assurance on a computer assisted system. The proposed method combines Hu invariants moments and Legendre moments to produce a feature vector that permits to reach an adequate recognition process. The proposed method has been tested on a dataset of 100 images. Results show that the method allows discriminating between images reducing ambiguity and ensuring the uniqueness of registered marks. We show the results and make an analysis of system applications.
3-D Nonlinear Numerical Analysis to study the Performance of Twin Tunnel System

Tunneling in loose soil is a sophisticate process leading to unexpected collapse for surface and subsurface structures. However, it is necessary to investigate the geotechnical problems related to tunnelling. Tunnelling process needs to more engineering insight analysis. Several numerical analyses have been conducted to model soil-structure interaction behavior. However, this study presents a case history along El-Azhar road tunnels. In the present study, the finite element model (FEM) is proposed to predict performance of tunnel system based on the twin tunnel construction. The case history presented and discussed in this study gives a rare opportunity to understand the performance of the twin tunnel system. The constitutive model for this analysis utilizes elasto-plastic materials. A yielding function of the MohrCoulomb type and a plastic potential function of the Drucker-Prager type are employed. A linear constitutive model is employed to represent the tunnel liner. The response of El-Azhar road tunnels system is described and presented to investigate the ground movement caused by tunnelling. The ground movement is calculated using 3-D finite element analysis (FEA). The results obtained by the 3-D nonlinear numerical model are compared with those obtained by the field measurement to assess the accuracy of the proposed 3-D FEM. A good agreement between the results obtained by the 3-D FEA and those by the field measurements is obtained. RÉSUMÉ Tunneling dans un sol meuble est un processus sophistiqué et provoquent l'effondrement inattendu des structures de surface et souterraines. Toutefois, il est nécessaire d'enquêter sur les problèmes géotechniques liés à effet tunnel. Tunneling processus besoins d'une analyse technique plus de perspicacité. Plusieurs analyses numériques ont été menées pour modéliser le comportement d'interaction sol-structure. Cependant, cette étude présente une histoire de cas le long des tunnels routiers Azhar El-. Dans la présente étude, le modèle éléments finis (FEM) est proposé pour prédire la performance du système de tunnel sous la construction du tunnel jumeaux. L'histoire de cas présentées et discutées dans cette étude offre une rare opportunité de comprendre la performance du système de tunnels. Le modèle constitutif pour cette analyse utilise-plastique des matériaux élasto. Une fonction de rendement de l'Mohr-Coulomb type et une fonction de potentiel plastique du type Drucker-Prager sont employés. Un modèle linéaire est constitutive employés pour représenter le revêtement de tunnel. La réponse du système de tunnels routiers El-Azhar est présentée et décrite pour enquêter sur les mouvements de terrain causés par effet tunnel. Le mouvement du sol est calculée en utilisant 3-D d'analyse par éléments finis (FEA). Les résultats obtenus par le modèle 3-D numériques non linéaires sont comparés avec ceux obtenus par la mesure sur le terrain pour évaluer l'exactitude de la proposition de FEM 3-D. Un bon accord entre les résultats obtenus par la FEA 3-D et celles de mesures sur le terrain a été obtenu.
Linguistic Frankenstein , or How to test universal constraints without real languages

The scarcity of diachronic data represents a serious problem when linguists try to explain a typological universal. To overcome this empirical bottleneck, one can simulate the process of language evolution in artificial language learning experiments. After a brief discussion of the main principles and findings of such experiments, this paper presents a case study of causative constructions showing that language users have a bias towards the efficient organisation of communication. They regularise their linguistic input such that more frequent causative situations are expressed by shorter forms, and less frequent situations are expressed by longer forms. This supports the economy-based explanation of the universal form-meaning mapping found in causative constructions of different languages.
NEW E-VOTING TECHNOLOGIES PRESENTING A DEMOCRATIC ALTERNATIVE TO MASS RIOTS

Characteristics of different types of electoral technologies are considered, as well as their impact on their uses in different countries. A new approach to organization of election events based on a system of external monitoring of elections is proposed. Model implementation of the severs and the web portal of the proposed ‘Guarantor’ system is presented, as well as the results of an ongoing effort to create a complete prototype of an Internet voting system.
LOW FREQUENCY OF AMPHIBIAN MORPHOLOGICAL ANOMALIES IN A LARGE PROTECTED WETLAND AND GRASSLAND COMPLEX

–The increasing prevalence of morphological anomalies has recently been suspected as a potential mechanism in the global decline of amphibian populations and species. We studied the frequency of morphological anomalies in postmetamorphic amphibians in the Egyek-Pusztakócs marshes (Hortobágy National Park, east Hungary). The site was a wetland and grassland complex used heavily by intensive agriculture until 1973 when it was protected, restored, and managed for biodiversity. We examined 4,953 individuals of 11 species encountered in four monitoring schemes (pitfall traps, bottle traps, dip netting, visual surveys) during 2010–2013. We found no evidence of malformation and a low frequency (0.3%) of abnormalities, which did not differ from the background frequency of 0 to 5% estimated in previous studies for wild populations in natural habitats. All observed abnormalities were found in 15 individuals of four species and were consistent with injuries caused by predators, although the effects of parasites could not be excluded. It remains uncertain whether the absence of malformations and the observed low frequency of abnormalities are related to the 40 years of protection and the long-term decrease in agrochemical use or to the more recent grassland restoration and marsh management actions. Nevertheless, our study provides an example that large, healthy populations of amphibians can exist in large protected wetland complexes restored and managed for biodiversity.
Measuring presence in a collaborative physics learning activity in Second Life

Multi-user virtual environments (MUVEs) are surrounded by hype regarding their impact on and potential in education. Many issues regarding the educational affordances of MUVEs and the learning experience of users are still under research. Presence is an important phenomenon users experience when interacting with and via virtual environments and seems to play an important role in learning. This paper presents empirical data gathered from an exploratory study regarding a problem-based physics learning activity in Second Life (SL). Our aim is to gain knowledge and experience about the sense of presence (spatial and social) that emerges while students collaborate in MUVEs. Students (n=30) collaborated “in-world” in order to solve a problem. Data were gathered using the Temple Presence Inventory (TPI) questionnaire. Results indicate higher scores of social presence than spatial presence. Correlations were found between dimensions of presence, subjective computer expertise and tendency to become involved in activities.