Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbial mediators of the sulfur, nitrogen, and iron cycles in freshwater ecosystems

Human activities and concominant sulfur and nitrogen pollution endanger freshwater ecosystem quality. Improved knowledge on wetland biogeochemistry is a necessity to protect these valuable and fragile ecosystems. Effects of increased nitrate concentrations (stimulation of sulfide mineral oxidation, inhibition of sulfate reduction) and sulfate concentrations (internal eutrophication, sulfide toxicity, formation sulfide minerals) are known, but data on the associated microbiology are scarce. Therefore, freshwater microbial mediators of sulfur oxidation, iron reduction and iron oxidation were studied with culture-dependent and culture-independent methods with major emphasis on nitrate-dependent iron sulfide mineral oxidation. A bioreactor study with soil from the freshwater nature reserve Het Zwart Water showed that amorphous iron sulfide did stimulate denitrification whereas crystalline pyrite did not. The type of iron sulfide mineral seems an important determinant in the occurrence of anoxic iron sulfide mineral oxidation. Denitrifying sulfur-oxidizing Thiobacilli were shown to be likely promotors of anoxic iron sulfide mineral dissolution, based on integral molecular and chemical analyses of soil and groundwater samples from Het Zwart Water combined with enrichment and pure culture studies. Acidovorax sp. , associated with nitrate-dependent iron oxidation, were detected in an enrichment culture on iron sulfide and nitrate and were abundant in Het Zwart Water groundwater. These bacteria may also contribute to anoxic iron sulfide mineral dissolution. Findings from an enrichment culture of Het Zwart Water ground water and molecular analyses of iron seep material from the nature reserve De Bruuk showed that iron reduction by Geobacter may not be restricted to atmospheric-oxygen-free conditions. Simultaneous detection of iron oxidizers and reducers indicated tight coupling of iron conversions in De Bruuk. The detection and abundance of bacteria that promote anoxic iron sulfide dissolution in our studies indicates that anoxic conditions alone do not suffice to protect freshwater ecosystems from adverse processes such internal eutrophication and release of potentially toxic metals.
Bury the Gold Standard? A Quantitative Exploration

This paper is one of the first to study the present-day properties of the gold standard in a quantitative model commonly used in central banks. We incorporate gold into an otherwise standard estimated New Keynesian model and compare the positive and normative implications of adopting a gold standard to other more commonly advocated policies. We show that under certain conditions, the gold standard is akin to a nominal GDP targeting framework and can at times be considered an improvement. However, unlike more conventional policies, the gold standard must react to shocks to the supply and demand for gold. We estimate the model for the post-2000 period using a novel dataset on the supply of gold and find that following a gold standard would result in dramatic increases in the volatilities of macroeconomic aggregates and a significant deterioration in household welfare. This is because the estimated shocks to gold supply and demand are significantly larger than for other more conventional aggregate shocks. In the end, what buries the gold standard turns out to be instability in the dynamics of gold itself.
Relationship modeling between vehicle‐induced girder vertical deflection and cable tension by BiLSTM using field monitoring data of a cable‐stayed bridge

Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems have been widely implemented in long‐span bridges to measure various structural responses. It is difficult to directly perform condition assessment from the variations in structural responses because of initial residual stress and defaults, coupling effects of structure damage and external loads, and others. To fix these problems, this study proposes global and partial bidirectional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM) models to establish a relationship between girder vertical deflection (GVD) and cable tension (CT). First, a global BiLSTM model is built using all the measured signals of GVD and CT, and the test results show that the average root mean square error (RMSE) and relative RMSE (RRMSE) between the predicted and ground‐truth CTs are 1.83 kN and 3.19%, respectively. Second, the effects of both traffic volume and noise level on the model prediction error are investigated, indicating that the proposed method is robust to different noise levels and traffic volumes under normal operational conditions. Finally, to customize a prediction model for a certain CT, a group of partial BiLSTM models is further constructed with only a few GVDs as inputs and a single CT as output. Sobol's sensitivity index is adopted as the indicator to select the most significant inputs among all the GVD sensors. The partial model is more efficient for training because of significantly fewer channels in each layer and model parameters. The prediction results show that the partial models can achieve an average RMSE and RRMSE of 1.86 kN and 3.24%, respectively, which are similar to the prediction accuracy of the global model. In addition, the partial model can be applied if certain sensors are out of order when compared to the global model.
Simulation of sediment transport in Krueng Baro River, Indonesia

An alluvial river system is a dynamic system that can alter the hydraulic flow and sediment load. Sediment modelling can enhance our understanding of river morphology. This model has also proved to be a useful tool to overcome problems concerning sediment transport and sedimentation and to provide effective mitigation measures. This article discussed the concept of sediment modelling. The sediment transport simulation method used sediment river hydraulic – two dimension (SRH-2D), which is a hydraulic model for river systems developed by United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). The SRH-2D results showed that the Krueng Baro River underwent many sedimentations, and the increase in the height of the layers was observed during the simulation period. It examined the main categories of sediment transport models and presented the boundaries. Besides, this study also considered the constraints on the operation of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (Indonesian regional water utility company) (PDAM) and irrigation intakes because of the sedimentation in the Krueng Baro River flow, taking into account the structure of the Keumala weir. Specifically, this study thoroughly discussed the position and altitude of river aggradation and degradation to minimise conflict of interest between the PDAM and irrigation water supply because of sedimentation.
Refining the teacher emotion model: evidence from a review of literature published between 1985 and 2019

ABSTRACT This review study aims at providing a fine-grained picture of the research from 1985 to 2019 on teacher emotions. A narrative approach was adopted to undertake the review of 812 articles. The method was constructed under the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Based on evidence drawn from existing models and the literature, this review constructed a refined Teacher Emotion Model. This Teacher Emotion Model represents a dynamic, interrelated relation among different elements with one-way, reciprocal and correlative relations between antecedents, teacher emotions and consequences. Implications with regard to theory and foci for future research are then discussed.
Ensemble Effects in Nanostructured TiO2 Used in the Gas-Phase Photooxidation of Trichloroethylene

Nanostructured TiO2 with different crystal sizes (i.e., 3, 5, and 6 nm) but identical aggregate size (i.e., 100 nm) and shape (sphere) were successfully made using a modified sol−gel method. TiO2 catalysts with crystal size of 5 nm and aggregate size of 100 nm were also prepared. This batch of catalysts has similar phase structure, surface area, band-gap energy, and degree of surface hydroxylation, and differs mainly in their crystallinity. Synchrotron XRD, XANES and EXAFS, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the structural properties of the nanometer sized TiO2, whereas ultraviolet, X-ray photoelectron and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy provided important information on the electronic properties of these nanoparticles. The catalytic performance of the nanostructured TiO2 for gas-phase photocatalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene exhibited strong dependency on both crystal size and crystallinity.
Study on the properties of complex red luminescent fibers: Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+/light conversion agents-polyacrylonitrile

In order to improve the red luminous properties of luminescent fibers, Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+ and light conversion agents were treated with silane (KH560), aluminate (DL-411-A), and aluminum zirconium coupling agents (LD-139-3) to prepare composite luminescent materials. And then they were added to a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber-forming polymer and through wet spun to form composite red light-emitting fibers. The surface morphology, phase structure, and luminescence properties of the composite red light-emitting fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectrometry, and afterglow brightness tester. Results showed that all of the three kinds of coupling agents influenced the red light of the luminescent fibers. The aluminate ester coupling agent had more effect than that of the other two coupling agents. After treatment with the aluminate coupling agent, the surface of the luminescent material became rough and adhered to the particles of light conversion agent. The intensity of the emission peak of the luminescent fibers at 470 nm decreased, and the emission peak intensity at 595 nm improved. The initial afterglow brightness and afterglow duration remained unchanged after 15 min of ultraviolet light excitation, as well as the color purity increased by approximately 1.6 times.
ENANTIOMER SEPARATION OF N-t-BOC AND N-CBZ α-AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR ESTERS ON POLYSACCHARIDE DERIVED CHIRAL STATIONARY PHASES

Liquid chromatographic enantiomer separation of N-t-BOC and N-CBZ α-amino acid, methyl ester, and ethyl ester derivatives was performed on chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on polysaccharide derivatives. Good resolution of N-t-BOC and N-CBZ α-amino acid derivatives was achieved on Chiralcel OD, Chiralcel OF, and Chiralpak AD, respectively. Enantioselectivites of N-CBZ protected derivatives were found better than those of N-t-BOC protected derivatives. Moreover, the results of liquid chromatography and computational chemistry suggest that L-form is more retained in the case of carboxylic group of enantiomer locating toward to the inside of grooves, on the other hand, D-form is more retained in the case of alkyl group of α-position of N-protected α-amino acid derivatives locating toward to the inside of grooves.
Влияние лития хлорида на активацию нейтрофилов под действием сыворотки пациентов с септическим шоком

The aim of the study : to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of lithium chloride by exposing the human neutrophils to serum of patients with septic shock in vitro . Material and methods . The study was carried out on neutrophils extracted from the blood of 6 healthy donors, which were activated with serum from patients with septic shock. The neutrophil activity was evaluated with fluorescent antibodies to the CD11b and CD66b markers of degranulation. The level of human neutrophil apoptosis and necrosis was assessed 22 hours after extraction; quantitative assessment was made using annexin V and propidium iodide with flow cytofluorimetry. Intact and activated neutrophils were treated with 0.3, 3.0 and 9.0 mmol lithium chloride solution. Results . The level of CD11b expression on the surface of intact neutrophils (healthy donors) was 3434.50 [3311.0-3799.0] arbitrary fluorescence units (AFU). Incubation of neutrophils with serum of patients with septic shock increased CD11b expression 2.5 times to 8589.0 [7279.0-11258.0] AFU ( P =0.005) vs intact leukocytes, and increased CD66b expression 2.7 times up to 27 600.0 [22 999.0-28 989.0] AFU (( P =0.005) vs intact neutrophils. Lithium chloride in concentrations of 0.3, 3.0 and 9.0 mmol in a dose-dependent manner reduced the level of expression of CD11b and CD66b molecules on the surface of activated neutrophils. Septic serum reduced spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis, and 3.0 mmol and higher lithium chloride solution induced spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis. Conclusion . Lithium chloride reduces the activation of neutrophils preactivated by serum of patients with septic shock, reduces expression of CD11b and CD66b molecules on the neutrophil surface, inhibiting the process of their activation (degranulation). Lithium chloride in concentration of 3.0 mmol and higher is able to induce spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils activated by serum of patients with septic shock.
AMELIORATING EFFECTS OF PYRROLOQUINOLINE QUINONE (PQQ) ON PTU INDUCED OXIDATIVE DAMAGE IN MICE KIDNEY

Objective: The present study undertaken to investigate the hitherto unknown potential of pyrroloquinoline quinine (PQQ) has been evaluated in ameliorating PTU induced oxidative damage in adult mice kidney. Material and Method: Five groups of 7 each healthy male mice were established. Group I animals receiving simple drinking water served as control, whereas those of group II, III, IV and V received either PTU (0.05percent in drinking water) alone for 5 weeks or PTU + three different concentrations of PQQ (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg/d, i.p. for 6 days), after which alterations in tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) and in enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and in glutathione (GSH) content were evaluated in kidney. Simultaneously, concentrations of serum glucose, total cholesterol, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), creatinine and urea were measured in serum. Result: PTU administration enhanced the tissue LPO, serum SGOT, total cholesterol, creatinine and urea with a parallel decrease in serum glucose and tissue antioxidants such as SOD and CAT. However, when PTU treated animals received PQQ; these adverse effects were ameliorated, as it reduced the LPO, with a parallel increase in cellular antioxidants. Conclusion: Out of three different doses of PQQ (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg), 10 mg/kg body weight was found to be the most effective and antiperoxidative in nature; Findings from this study revealed for the first time, that PQQ has the potential to ameliorate PTU-induced oxidative damage in kidney of mice, indicating the possible beneficial effect of the test compound in regulating PTU induced oxidative damages. Keywords: PQQ, PTU, Kidney, Antioxidant, SGOT, Mice
Women in gambling studies: a poststructural analysis

Abstract Background Gambling studies literature is a space where discourses call objects such as ‘gambling harm reduction’ and ‘women harmed by gambling’ into being and give them status as namable and describable. Methodology and methods A poststructural feminist analysis of the positioning of women who gamble in gambling studies literature was carried out to explore possibilities and constraints for gambling harm reduction practices. Gambling studies literature was accessed to enable a range of historically emerging framings of women’s gambling practices and harm to be brought to light. Discourse analysis drew on key concepts (discourse, subjectivity, power/knowledge) and principles (reversal, discontinuity, specificity and exteriority) developed by Michel Foucault. Findings Gambling studies have constructed women as: ‘risky gamblers’, ‘vulnerable women’, and as subject to gendered socio-cultural determinants of gambling and harm. Dominant conceptualisations of women in gambling studies tend to bring individual women who gamble into focus, obscuring the social, governmental and commercial determinants of gambling and harm, and often reproducing some unhelpful gender stereotypes in the process. Conclusions Holistic, environmental and Indigenous women’s health discourses have the potential to shift gambling harm reduction from a health services approach to one that is focused on supporting community wellbeing. This includes women’s co-production and ownership of harm reduction strategies. It is concluded that opportunities women’s gambling harm reduction may be found in critical psychology, and/or approaches which emphasize coherent and critical gender analysis, collaborative action, community development and client-led practice.
Exploring Coherence in English Language Arts Instructional Systems in the Common Core Era

Coherence among instructional components is key to changing teachers' practices in standards-based reforms. The authors set out to understand how districts and schools are activating various policy levers to drive instructional coherence and student learning in English language arts. This report uses survey data to explore the coherence of school-level instructional systems in Louisiana, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island.
Analysis of Modularization Compared to Total Project Cost in Alberta Oil and Gas Projects

Modularisation is an important area that needs to be effectively addressed in the construction of Alberta oil and gas industry schedule. It is an effective way to get partial construction done. This paper examines modularization of projects executed in Alberta oil and gas industry for effective projects schedule performance. A qualitative research methodology was employed in investigating the modularization used for the Alberta projects. Interviews were conducted with industry practitioners, which contained open ended questions and data were also collected from COAA/CII database. The research found higher average percentage overall modularization to total project cost of the Alberta oil and gas projects. This method has the potential to contribute to a reduction in cost and schedule overruns and improves project performance. It is concluded that the results of the study will help in leveraging the benefits of modularization that have already been gained by the various oil & gas projects in Alberta to improve project schedule performance.
Quantum dynamics of proton transfer processes in enzymatic reactions. simulations of phospholipase A2

For the past few years we have been developing a theoretical model capable of describing quantum dynamical processes which occur in molecular systems and in enzymatic active sites. This, in particular, includes proton transfer processes. Our most advanced studies have been performed for phospholipase A 2 , an enzyme which hydrolyzes phospholipids. The potential energy function for the active site is computed using an Approximate Valence Bond (AVB) method. The dynamics of the key proton in the enzyme's active site is described either by the classical molecular dynamics (MD/AVB model) or by the time-dependent Schroedinger equation. The dynamics of the remaining atoms of the enzyme are described using classical MD. The coupling between the quantum proton and the classical atoms is accomplished via Hellmann-Feynman forces, as well as the time-dependence of the potential energy function in the Schroedinger equation (QCMD/AVB model). The quantum proton transfer from the water molecule to histidine is followed by a nucleophilic attack of the created OH - group. The processes are simulated using the parallelized QCMD code.
Identification of an Emaravirus in a Common Oak (Quercus robur L.) Conservation Seed Orchard in Germany: Implications for Oak Health

We observed the health status of oak trees in a conservation seed orchard for over twenty years, focusing on characteristic virus-suspected symptoms. The orchard was established in 1992 in Kreuztal, North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) with 1302 seedlings in 186 clusters. The number of seedlings showing chlorotic ringspots and mottle on leaves has fluctuated annually, but has increased from 3.3% to 12.1% in the last 20 years; the number of affected clusters has risen from 8% to 25.9%. A scientific breakthrough was the identification of a novel virus related to members of the genus Emaravirus in diseased oak by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Screening of the oak seedlings in three consecutive years, using a newly established virus-specific diagnostic reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), confirmed the virus infection and revealed a close to 100% association between the observed leaf symptoms and the novel virus. As no other plant virus could be identified in the HTS-datasets, we assume the novel virus is primarily causing the symptoms. To reliably detect the novel virus in oaks, RT-PCR targeting the viral RNA3 or RNA4 should be applied in routine testing of symptomatic leaf tissue. It was obvious that most groups with virus-infected plants cluster, with only five out of the 42 affected groups being offside, not bordering on other affected groups of plants. There was no clear correlation between the detection of the virus and the overall vitality of the seedlings. There was no relation between seedling performance and presence or absence of viral infection. Forecasts on the future growth behavior of these virus-infected oak trees are therefore not possible.
Assessing Biology Pre-Service Teachers’ Professional Vision of Teaching Scientific Inquiry

Professional vision is a key ability in the professional development of pre- and in-service teachers as it determines how professionals perceive and interpret situations. The aim of this study was to conceptualize an instrument for professional vision focusing on formative assessment in the context of scientific inquiry. This focus is highly valuable, since formative assessment contributes to the quality of science teaching and learning. The four-dimensionality of the construct of professional vision with its abilities (perception, description, explanation, and prediction) was confirmed by means of our text-vignette-based instrument. The professional vision of pre-service teachers (N = 80) was fostered in training, involving a seminar phase and a teaching phase in an out-of-school laboratory. In a pre-post design significant interaction effects of groups (training vs. comparison group (N = 39)) and time for the ability description (F(1,117) = 29.14 p < 0.001) and prediction (F(1,117) = 14.81 p < 0.001) were found, indicating the sensitivity of the instrument. Our instrument allows the assessment of the abilities description and prediction. The scales for the abilities perception and explanation need further refinements. Nonetheless, our instrument could be a starting point to further investigate professional vision in science contexts as it incorporates the essential key features such as a situated approach.