Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Instantaneous power theory with fourier and optimal predictive controller design for shunt active power filter

This paper presents a novel harmonic identification algorithm of shunt active power filter for balanced and unbalanced three-phase systems based on the instantaneous power theory called instantaneous power theory with Fourier. Moreover, the optimal design of predictive current controller using an artificial intelligence technique called adaptive Tabu search is also proposed in the paper. These enhancements of the identification and current control parts are the aim of the good performance for shunt active power filter. The good results for harmonic mitigation using the proposed ideas in the paper are confirmed by the intensive simulation using SPS in SIMULINK. The simulation results show that the enhanced shunt active power filter can provide the minimum %THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of source currents and unity power factor after compensation. In addition, the %THD also follows the IEEE Std.519-1992.
Multiple ocular diseases detection by graph regularized multi-label learning

We develop a general framework for multiple ocular diseases diagnosis, based on Graph Regularized Multi-label Learning (GRML). Glaucoma, Pathological Myopia (PM), and Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) are three leading ocular diseases in the world. By exploiting the correlations among these three diseases, a novel GRML scheme is investigated for a simultaneous detection of these three leading ocular diseases for a given fundus image. We validate our GRML framework by conducting extensive experiments on SiMES dataset. The results show area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve in multiple ocular diseases detection are much better than traditional popular algorithms. The method could be used for glaucoma, PM, and AMD diagnosis.
Molecular cloning and sequence characterization of two genes , DQA 1 and DQA 2 , from the Chinese yakow ( Bos grunniens × Bos taurus )

Dongmei XI, Sameeullah MEMON, Guozhi LI, Xiangying LIU, Chao SU, Jing LENG, Liping WANG, Sehroon KHAN , Weidong DENG* Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China Center for Mountain Ecosystem Studies, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, P.R. China The World Agroforestry Center, East and Central Asia, Kunming, P.R. China
Functional Zonation of Different Digestive Enzymes in Etroplus suratensis and Oreochromis mossambicus

The major digestive enzyme activities and digestive indices were compared between Etroplus suratensis and Oreochromis mossambicus. Pepsin-like acid proteases that acts on low pH has been identified all along the digestive tract of both the fishes. Comparatively low alpha amylase activity is shown by the E. suratensis and the enzyme is distributed almost equally throughout the intestinal segments in both the species. Very low alkaline protease activity is found in the stomach of both the fishes and in O. mossambicus, the enzyme activity diminishes extensively towards the posterior portion of the intestine whereas in E. suratensis the activity increases towards the posterior part. The present study showed that lipase is one of the prominent digestive enzymes in O. mossambicus with a remarkable specific activity throughout the digestive tract than that of E. suratensis. It has been noted that O. mossambicus has a higher values for digestive somatic index, hepato somatic index, intestinal coefficient and gut Vs standard length ratio than that of E. suratensis indicating its higher digestive and metabolic capabilities. The early maturity and fast growth of O. mossambicus can be explained by their enhanced digestive indices. The comparatively low activities of acid protease, amylase, lipase and total alkaline protease of E. suratensis revealed poor digestive capacity than that of O. mossambicus.
Histological analysis and transcription profiles on somatic embryogenesis in interspecific hybrids of Elaeis guineensis × E. oleifera

Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) and E. oleifera (American oil palm) are bred to attain high oil yields, disease resistances, and decelerated shoot elongation. We cultivated immature zygotic embryos from backcrossed and F1 interspecific progenies on media containing 110, 150, or 200 mg·l-1 2,4-diclorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) to obtain embryogenic cultures. These were set to multiply on medium containing 8 mg·l-1 2,4-D or lower concentrations of auxins and finally we induced plantlets regeneration, from each zygotic embryo, independently, in order to have the clones organized according to their respective origins. Reductions in auxins induced cultures to revert from highly embryogenic into competent for embryogenesis and finally to organogenic degenerated callus lines. Histology and the expression of SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE, DEHYDRIN, DEFENSIN, TRANSPOSASE, and LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN were analyzed on four callus lines representative of morphological aspects consistently observed. The highest number of embryogenic cultures was obtained on 150 mg·l-1 2,4-D. Maturation and multiplication of somatic embryos through secondary embryogenesis occurred simultaneously on 8 mg·l-1 2,4-D. LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN expression was detected in one of the embryogenic cultures and correlated with protoderm onset. Three six-week cycles on induction medium yielded 1.5 shoots above 6 cm per poly-embryogenic complex, which performed better than embryoids individualized mechanically. Rooting was observed for 77% and 82% of shoots from these two types of explants, respectively. Rooted plantlets ready for acclimatization were obtained nine months after shoot induc
Evolution des caractères crâniens et endocrâniens chez les Afrotheria (Mammalia) et phylogénie du groupe

L'etude des caracteres basicrâniens et endocraniens chez les vertebres fossiles et actuels connait un regain d'interet depuis quelques annees. Ces caracteres beneficient en effet d'une bonne reputation en tant que marqueurs phylogenetiques, ainsi que d'un biais taphonomique favorable a leur fossilisation. C'est pourquoi dans ce volume, la region auditive et l'oreille interne (Partie I) et l'endocrâne (Partie II) de mammiferes fossiles appartenant au clade des Afrotheria ont ete scannes par (micro)tomographie a rayon-X, decrits, etudies et compares a ceux des especes actuelles. Il s'agit plus precisement des Afrotheria fossiles que sont les Bibymalagasia (Chapitre 1), le Macroscelididae Chambius (Chapitre 2), de nombreux Hyracoidea du Paleogene (Chapitre 3) ainsi que des Tethytheria basaux tels que le proboscidien Numidotherium, l'embrithopode Arsinoitherium et le sirenien Prorastomus (Chapitre 4). Cette etude met en lumiere l'interessant signal phylogenetique fournit par les caracteres de la region auditive et de l'endocrâne, capable de soutenir certains clades moleculaires (e.g. Afroinsectivora, ‘Panelephantulus'). Elle montre aussi comment, sous certaines pressions de selection, ces caracteres peuvent converger de facon remarquable (e.g. chez les tethytheres). Cette etude apporte aussi des elements qui appuient l'hypothese d'une origine Africaine des Afrotheria, ainsi que celle faisant de l'ancetre commun des afrotheres un mammifere plutot ‘ongule' que ‘insectivore'. Ces inferences fondees sur l'observation des representants fossiles les plus anciens de ce groupe sont importants pour notre comprehension de l'origine et de la diversification des afrotheres et des mammiferes placentaires en general.
Productivity-Wage-Growth Nexus: An Empirical Study of Singapore

This paper investigates the empirical relationship between labor productivity, real wages and real GDP in Singapore from 1997 to 2011. The paper begins with a review of productivity, wage and growth situations in Singapore in the past decade and further attempts to uncover the underlying relationship in this nexus using theoretical framework from labor and growth literature. Using the Vector-Autoregressive or Vector-Error Correction Mechanism when cointegration is present, this paper uncovers various causality relations in different industries which conform to economic theory and empirics. An impulse response analysis is also undertaken to understand how specific policy decisions could be framed to provide for higher wages across industries. The empirical results suggest that in the Singapore economy, there exist a bi-directional causality relation between labor productivity and real GDP but that wages seem to be caused by other underlying factors. However, real wages respond positively to positive shocks in the real GDP or labor productivity using cholesky or generalized decomposition. This paper concludes by discussing policies that could be undertaken to promote inclusive growth in the environment of sustained economic growth.
On stability and instability in acoustic flows

The standard method of handling the linear acoustic problem of alternating material layers is using a Floquet/Bloch form for solutions, assuming that time-dependence of solutions is periodic (the mono-frequency condition). However, an important question as to whether the solution is bounded under mono-frequency conditions has remained out of the scope. Even for finite domains of alternating layers, where a solution cannot grow to infinity, this is an important issue: if a solution becomes big enough, then the linear approximation can no longer be valid. In this paper we study the 1-dimensional flow-acoustic problem for periodically arranged materials where a fluid flow in general persists in both constituent media. It is proven that the flow-acoustic equations are linear Hamiltonian equations with periodic coefficients. Exact conditions are found for the stability of a zero solution to the acoustic equations under the standard assumption that the background density and fluid velocity are constants in each constituent media.
Comparison of Barefoot vs. Shod Gait on Spinal Dynamics Using DIERS Formetric 4D and DIERS Pedoscan Systems

Barefoot running is increasing in popularity within the running community, yet the biomechanical differences compared to traditional shod running are not well understood. This study investigates the changes in spinal dynamics during the gait cycle of runners wearing traditional running shoes (shod) compared to those wearing no shoes (barefoot). Pedal force distribution, kyphotic angle, lordotic angle, and trunk inclination were measured during shod and barefoot gait at three different speeds on a treadmill. Subjects were examined using the DIERS Formetric 4D system and DIERS Pedoscan system. While running barefoot, pedal force distribution analysis showed that 21.0% more force load goes through the forefoot vs. a 10.2% increase in forefoot force with shod (p = 0.0006). At 8.0 km·h-1 the average kyphotic angle was 1.6 degrees greater under barefoot conditions vs. shod conditions (p = 0.008). At 8.0 km·h-1 the average lordotic angle was 0.8 degrees greater under barefoot conditions vs. shod conditions (p = 0.05). Trunk inclination was 0.6 degrees and 0.8 degrees greater under barefoot conditions compared to shod conditions at natural speeds (p = 0.005) and 8.0 km·h-1 (p = 0.015), respectively. Barefoot runners show an increased force load in the forefoot, eliciting a forefoot strike pattern while running barefoot compared to shod running, and it was also found that barefoot runners have reduced trunk inclination. These dynamic changes allow for a more spring-like effect for barefoot runners creating a less transient and slower rise in force. In contrast, a heel strike pattern yields a rapid and high impact collision between heel and ground. As a result, barefoot running translates into less stress on the joints of the lower extremity and back and therefore less risk of injury.
The Relationship Between Prices of Various Metals, Oil and Scarcity

No consensus has been reached on the problem of solving resource depletion. A recognition of the fact that resources are not endless and the Earth is a finite globe reinforces the idea that the vision of continuous economic growth is not sustainable over time. The aim of this paper is to examine the efficacy of real prices as an indicator of metals and oil in consideration of growth tendencies in the Consumer Price Indexes. In addition, enhancing the current literature on commodity price interrelationships, the main contribution of this study is the substitution of different proxies in order to justify the effect of scarcity and crude oil changes on the examined metal group prices. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of scarcity as an indicator of real price deviations, the study has been conducted involving various non-renewable metals, i.e., copper, molybdenum, zinc, gold and platinum group metals. The real price indices and metal prices of the US market are constructed between 1913 and 2015. Moreover, additional econometric analyses are also carried out to discover whether prices of various metals associate with oil prices and scarcity, as the proxy of reserves-to-production ratio. The linear regression results seem to suggest that the effects of the R/P ratios are negatively correlated with each of the examined precious (gold, PGMs), mass consumable (copper, zinc) and doping agent (molybdenum) metals from 1991 to 2015. An increase in oil-prices is positively associated with the price levels of each non-renewable resource in the short-run. The findings of multivariate co-integration and Granger causality tests also suggest that pairwise and direct relationships among these variables seem to arise in the long-run. These findings indicate essential questions that must be addressed by future generations in order to appropriately solve scarcity problems.
Ontogenetic change of foraging behaviour during copepodite development of Acartia clausi

Swimming behaviour of copepodite stage CI to adults of the planktonic copepod Acar- tia clausi were observed at different food levels (0, 60, 500 and 2000 cells ml -1 ) of the diatom Thalas- siosira weissflogii. Concurrent measures of clearance in bottle incubations were performed for CI and adult females. All indivuduals exhibited typical jump-sink behaviour. At low food concentrations early copepodites filtered 36% of the time, and later stages 18%, yet the increased suspension-feed- ing effort did not enhance their clearance rate. Older stages and adults did not show feeding-bouts at low food concentrations, which is interpreted as a switch to the ambush-feeding mode, whereby the copepods are assumed to be searching for potentially abundant larger and motile prey, for instance, ciliates. When offered no food, frequent and long jumps were observed in all stages except for CI. Search volumes during ambush feeding were estimated, and the slow sinking of early stages resulted in a small search volume as compared to that in later stages. Early copepodite stages depended to a higher degree on suspension feeding, regardless of food concentration, due to their undeveloped food searching ability. High food availability is therefore crucial for the growth and survival of early copepodite stages of A. clausi. The heavier body of later stages enhanced foraging efficiency both during suspension feeding (by gravity tethering) and in ambush feeding (by faster sinking).
Diagnostic Value of Non-stress Test Interpreted by Smart Interpretive Software

Background and aim: Using appropriate methods for the assessment of fetal health including non-stress test during high-risk pregnancies due to possible placental insufficiency is of paramount importance. Due to complexity in medical decisions, using information systems is being increased to support complex medical decisions. We conducted this study to measure the diagnostic value of non-stress test interpreted by smart interpretive software. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 400 non-stress tests obtained from patients’ records regardless of the results of tests in Bent-Ul-Hoda Hospital, Bojnord, Iran. Then, to increase the accuracy of tests, they were interpreted by two specialists with Master’s degree in Midwifery. Finally, the tests were interpreted by the given software. The diagnostic test accuracy was measured using sensitivity and specificity of the software. Results: Out of 400 selected tests, experts interpreted 126 tests with reaction and 274 cases without reaction. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the software were 92.45%, 94.07, and 88.40, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of this software for interpreting non-stress test results, reduce false- positive and false-negative diagnoses.
CHARACTERIZATION OF IRON BASED HOT POWDER BRAKE PADS FOR HEAVY DUTY APPLICATIONS

The brake pad for heavy duty applications is made from conventional powder metallurgy process. It involved compaction and sintering of powder. Steel backing plates are joined together with friction element during pressure sintering. The present investigation deals with the new brake friction materials with built-in powder based backing plate produced by “hot powder preform forging” technique (near to net-shape). The aim of the present investigations is to provide improved manufacturing technology for brake pad as a product employed in heavy duty aircraft applications. The performance of these brake pads has been evaluated as per Aeronautics Industries Regulation on Subscale Dynamometer. Number of combination ingredients and their effects on wear, run down time (RD time), coefficient of friction, fluctuation in coefficient of friction and temperature rise were studied. The brake pads so characterized, posses low wear rate, and the run down time with Coefficient of friction maintained at the same level as in compaction and sintering technique.
Polarization, Regime Switch and Economic Policies in the Process of Economic Development

This study develops an eondogenous growth model that depicts the process of economic development, such as a regime switch from capitalaccumulation-based growth to R&D-based growth and the phenomenon falling into poverty traps. Furthermore, we also obtained several implications of economic policies, as follows. Interest rate subsidies promote economic welfare. Development aids through the provision of factor stocks such as capital and technology are ineffective for an economy to ride on a steady growth path. Promoting efficiency in goods production and/or R&D, on the other hand, is effective.
NomadicBTS: Evolving cellular communication networks with software-defined radio architecture and open-source technologies

Abstract Utilization of software-defined radio (SDR) and open-source technologies in the next evolution of cellular communication networks may significantly reduce the capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX) of mobile network operators in emerging economies. In this paper, a novel cellular communication architecture named NomadicBTS was proposed, designed, and prototyped based on SDR paradigm to achieve an efficient, dynamic, and cost-effective wireless communication. The architecture comprises of hardware front-end and software that are compatible with general-purpose processor. Open-source technologies were adopted to implement a proof-of-concept architype of the architecture. A prototype femtocell (of approximately 7.54-m cell radius) was set up and two different commercially available smart phones were used to scan, detect, and measure the strength and quality of radio signals that were transmitted by the NomadicBTS prototype. Experimentation results showed that the network signal is visible to the smart phones, and its strength and quality are sufficient for good transmission and reception of Short Messaging Services (SMS). Unlike the conventional cellular networks which are capital-intensive, the results obtained in this study provide a basis to deploy low-cost cellular communication networks for the underserved areas in developing countries.
ANOISE CANCELLATIONMETHOD BASED ONWAVELET TRANSFORM

In this paper, we present a frequency band threshold based on wavelet transform (FBT) noise cancellation method. The noise cancellation is enable to improve on the articulation of the speech. Although the edge information of the speech is very important for recognition system to use, most traditional noise cancellation methods based on spectrum analysis smooth these edges of the original speech. We hope to get a noise cancellation method that keeps these edges information. We knew that the performance of edge detection based on wavelet transform is very high. So we use wavelet transform for noise cancellation. Noise cancellation methods based on wavelet transform were referred to papers [1][2]. The method was given by paper [1] is not real-time. Hence this method is difficult to be used a practical system. Although the real-time property of the noise cancellation method was referred to paper [2] is perfect, the aural performance is defective. This method has a single threshold (ST). It ignored the difference of the frequency bands. FBT is presented by us in this paper possesses two characteristics as follow: (1) These thresholds depend on frequency bands. (2) These thresholds are self-adjusting. Based on two judgement standards---signal noise rate (impersonal standard) and the articulation of the speech (subjective standard), we did comparison experiments between FBT and ST. Although FBT’s signal noise rate inferior to the ST’s, FBT’s waveform distortion is less than ST’s and FBT’s articulation of the speech is remarkable superior to the ST’s. We particularly analyzed the causes of the phenomena and did the comparison experiments of these two methods on the same speech recognition system. The conclusion is FBT is superior to ST.
2-Degree Polynomial Circular Extreme Learning Machine for Classification Problem

The Circular Extreme Learning Machine (CELM) is the combination of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Circular Back Propagation (CBP). CELM uses the structure same as ELM to get speedy in the training process and gets benefit from CBP architecture by using the 2-degree polynomial to make the better performance. However, the using 2-degree polynomial of CELM can create the decided boundary shape similar as RBF that may be limited the distance, between the center point and the data by the sigmoid activation function. So that, a 2-degree Polynomial Circular Extreme Learning Machine (PCELM) is proposed to tackle this problem. Our experiment showed that PCELM outperformed the original ELM and the traditional CELM with several activation functions. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare statistical differences between PCELM and the CELM that can confirm the PCELM can improve the performance of CELM.
Reflections on widening participation policy: macro influences and micro implications.

The central contention of the article is that access to higher education (HE) may be increasingly becoming a positional good premised on individualism and economic and cultural capitalism rather than a democratic good predicated on a political commitment to equality and social justice. The article explores the macro influences on widening participation policy and further considers the contexts, implications and outcomes of widening participation policy at meso and micro levels both generally and in the professional context of the author's work as a Senior Lecturer in Social Work at an outer London post-1992 university.