Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Horizontal distribution and overlap of planktivorous fish stocks in the Norwegian Sea during summers 1995–2006

Abstract The Norwegian Sea harbours several large pelagic fish stocks, which use the area for feeding during the summer. The period 1995–2006 had some of the highest biomass of pelagic fish feeding in the Norwegian Sea on record. Here we address the horizontal distribution and overlap between herring, blue whiting and mackerel in this period during the summers using a combination of acoustic, trawl and LIDAR data. A newly developed temperature atlas for the Norwegian Sea is used to present the horizontal fish distributions in relation to temperature. The centre of gravity of the herring distribution changed markedly several times during the investigated period. Blue whiting feeding habitat expanded in a northwestern direction until 2003, corresponding with an increase in abundance. Strong year classes of mackerel in 2001 and 2002 and increasing temperatures throughout the period resulted in an increased amount of mackerel in the Norwegian Sea. Mackerel was generally found in waters warmer than 8°C, while herring and blue whiting were mainly found in water masses between 2 and 8°C. The horizontal overlap between herring and mackerel was low, while blue whiting had a large horizontal overlap with both herring and mackerel. The changes in horizontal distribution and overlap between the species are explained by increasing stock sizes, increasing water temperature and spatially changing zooplankton densities in the Norwegian Sea.
Novel Recombinant Sapovirus , Japan

closely related to E. coli, as was previously observed in Tanzania (9). This finding is also the first report of CTXM-3 in sub-Saharan Africa. Multidrug resistance profiles involving non–β-lactam antimicrobial drugs coselected these ESBL-producing isolates. We suggest that the misuse of antimicrobial drugs in the Central African Republic and the migratory flux of regional populations could result in emergence and selection of these ESBL phenotypes in the community. We could not establish a relationship between the different strains isolated in hospitalized and ambulatory patients. Because of the implications for treating such infections, particularly in developing countries, the spread of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae merits close surveillance in the Central African Republic.
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza : A Versatile Component for Alleviation of Salt Stress

Salt-affected soil is one of the most serious abiotic stress that causes reduced plant growth, development and productivity worldwide. Plants, in their natural environment, are colonized both by external and internal microorganisms. These microorganisms, particularly beneficial bacteria and fungi, can improve plant performance under stress environments and, consequently, enhance yield. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are associated with the roots of over 80% terrestrial plant species including halophytes, hydrophytes and xerophytes. In this respect, bioreclamation using mycorrhiza for alleviating salt stress would be a better option. AM fungi promote plant growth and salinity tolerance by different ways, such as enhancing nutrient acquisition, producing plant growth hormones, improving rhizospheric and soil conditions, altering the physiological and biochemical properties of the host and defending roots against soil-borne pathogens. Nat. Env. & Poll. Tech. Website: www.neptjournal. com Received: 20-05-2015 Accepted: 24-06-2015
Health Locus of Control and its related factors among Iranian Pilgrims

Aim: Health locus of control includes the degree of a person's belief in the fact that his/her health is controlled by internal or external factors. The aim of this study was to determine the status of health locus of control and its related factors among Iranian pilgrims. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 600 pilgrims of the holy shrines in Tehran in 2015. People aged over 15 years who had come for pilgrimage to the shrines entered the study by convenient sampling and after consent. The A form of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale was used. This form consists of Internal Health Locus of Control (IHLC), Powerful others (PHLC) and Chance External Locus of Control (CHLC). The relation of between age, gender, education, income, marital status and location of residence on each construct was evaluated by t-test, ANOVA and linear regression through SPSS21. Findings: Among the total pilgrims, 302 were females (50.3%). The mean age of the participants was 33.15±11.06 years. The highest and lowest averages were associated with the internal locus of control (25.60±3.34) and the chance locus of control (18.20±5.13), respectively. There was a significant relationship between educational level and IHLC; between income and education level with CHLC; and between marital status and age with PHLC. Conclusion: According to our results, most people think that they control their health or life events themselves. People with a higher internal locus of control score have more tendency to practice health promotion and disease prevention and seek health through visiting holy sites and appealing to God.
Auditing Methodology to Asses the Quality of Online Display Advertising Campaigns

The reported lack of transparency of the online advertising market may seriously affect the interests of advertisers. In this paper, we present a novel methodology that allows advertisers to independently assess the quality of display advertising campaigns. This methodology also serves to audit the accuracy and completeness of reports delivered by the vendor responsible for running a campaign. We have applied our methodology in 8 display ad campaigns configured in Google AdWords, which overall produced 160K ad impressions displayed in more than 7K publishers. Our results reveal that AdWords seems to provide incomplete information to advertisers. In the case of our campaigns we found that: (i) AdWords did not report 57% of publishers where ad impressions from our campaigns were delivered, (ii) AdWords reports a significantly larger fraction of impressions delivered to contextually meaningful publishers than our auditing methodology (iii) higher CPM investment does not provide guarantees to get impressions delivered to more popular publishers, (iv) AdWords does not offer default control of frequency cap (i.e., the number of impressions of the same ad delivered to a user), (v) around 10% ad impressions delivered in two of the ad campaigns were related to fraud. These findings should contribute to open a debate between advertisers and Ad Tech vendors to standardize the utilization of independent auditing methodologies as the one presented in this work.
Healthcare Terminology Management and Integration in Italy: Where we are and What we need for Semantic Interoperability

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the adoption and use of medical terminologies and coding systems in Italy, focusing on their management and integration for guaranteeing semantic interoperabil- ity among Electronic Health Records (EHRs). Semantic interoperability guarantees meaningful exchange of data between two or more healthcare information systems, en- suring that data content is not only understandable within its original context, but also in the destination one, and is capable of supporting health service management, clinical decision-making care collaboration, as well as public health reporting, and improving clinical research. Methods: The approach used for the coding systems man- agement and integration in the Italian Fascicolo Sanitario Elettronico (FSE)a use case is presented according to the current Italian regulations on federated EHRs. Results: Results show the need to promote an advanced approach, in conformance to the literature best cases, which takes care about a better integration and mainte- nance of medical terminologies and coding systems through the use of standardized models of terminology services. Conclusion: The paper presents terminology interoper- ability issues arisen from the described approach and re- lated requirements to propose a solution that could allow, through sophisticated terminology services framework, to achieve also in Italy semantic interoperability.
Economic Performance and Government Size

We construct a growth model with an explicit government role, where more government resources reduce the optimal level of private consumption and of output per worker. In the empirical analysis, for a panel of 108 countries from 1970-2008, we use different proxies for government size and institutional quality. Our results, consistent with the presented growth model, show a negative effect of the size of government on growth. Similarly, institutional quality has a positive impact on real growth, and government consumption is consistently detrimental to growth. Moreover, the negative effect of government size on growth is stronger the lower institutional quality, and the positive effect of institutional quality on growth increases with smaller governments. The negative effect on growth of the government size variables is more mitigated for Scandinavian legal origins, and stronger at lower levels of civil liberties and political rights. Finally, for the EU, better overall fiscal and expenditure rules improve growth.
BRDF Fitting Using Inverse Global Illumination and Stochastic Optimization*

—We present a comprehensive method for recovering bidirectional reﬂectance distribution functions (BRDFs) of objects with known geometry from photographs. Most existing image-based methods consider only direct illumination, a simpliﬁcation which might be inappropriate for highly specular objects or objects with signiﬁcant non-convex geometric features. Meanwhile, algorithms that consider indirect illumination often use iterative methods that alternate between solving an approximation of the problem and a series of “black-box” optimizations. We present a different approach that considers indirect illumination and uses derivative-based optimization. Our method uses stochastic ray tracing to compare photographs and renderings, thus leading to a stochastic objective function, i.e., an objective function that cannot be measured precisely. We present an unbiased estimator for the derivative of the ray-traced images with respect to the BRDF parameters and stochastic optimization techniques for properly solving the proposed optimization problem.
Polymer Libraries-ReadingSample

This chapter highlights the application of controlled/“living” polymerization (CLP) techniques in automated parallel synthesizers for both optimizing reaction parameters as well as preparing copolymer libraries. Special attention is given to the use of CLP techniques for constructing well-defined copolymer libraries. Furthermore, alternative strategies for the preparation of block copolymer libraries are discussed.
High flowrate digital hydraulic valve system

This paper presents the design and properties of a digital hydraulic valve system for flowrates up to 400 l/min. The digital hydraulic independent metering valve system (DIMV) presented in this paper is capable of replacing both traditional proportional valves and servo valves in many mobile and industrial applications. Paper presents the design of the valve system, the measured dynamic and static properties of the on/off-valve and the valve system, and the requirements for the power electronics of the control system. The digital hydraulic valve package presented in this paper has 4x7 bidirectional seattype single-stage solenoid on/off-valves from Bucher Hydraulics for controlling four independent metering edges. Compared to the proportional or servo valves, the D-IMV has the benefits of digital systems in general. The leak-free on/off-valve is always exactly open or closed, the on/off-valve is robust for environmental changes such as oil contamination or temperature variations and a failure in a single on/off-valve in system does not completely paralyze the metering edge, but only reduces the control resolution.
COLLIMATION APERTURE FOR THE BEAM DELIVERY SYSTEM OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINEAR COLLIDER

The beam delivery system (BDS) of the international linear collider (ILC) must provide efficient removal of beam halo particles which would cause unacceptable detector background. The collimation aperture or 'collimation depth' is designed such that synchrotron radiation from the halo emitted in the final doublet passes cleanly through the detector interaction region. The ILC BDS collimation depth for several different detector scenarios is evaluated using a semianalytical technique
Research on Automotive UDS Diagnostic Protocol Stack Test System

This article presents the test methods of UDS (Unified Diagnostic Services) diagnostic protocol stack in vehicles, which includes two parts. One is the unit test of the main functions in network layer, another one is the functional test of the network and application layer. Corresponding test environments based on software and hardware are designed. Test cases are created according to international standard. All these tests ensure the efficiency of the development and the accuracy and standard of target protocol stack. Finally the designed test system is verified correctly. 
2 Ja n 20 17 Inflation in Flatland

We investigate the symmetry structure of inflation in 2+1 dimensions. In particular, we show that the asymptotic symmetries of three-dimensional de Sitter space are in one-to-one correspondence with cosmological adiabatic modes for the curvature perturbation. In 2+1 dimensions, the asymptotic symmetry algebra is infinite-dimensional, given by two copies of the Virasoro algebra, and can be traced to the conformal symmetries of the two-dimensional spatial slices of de Sitter. We study the consequences of this infinite-dimensional symmetry for inflationary correlation functions, finding new soft theorems that hold only in 2+1 dimensions. Expanding the correlation functions as a power series in the soft momentum q, these relations constrain the traceless part of the tensorial coefficient at each order in q in terms of a lower-point function. As a check, we verify that the O(q2) identity is satisfied by inflationary correlation functions in the limit of small sound speed. ∗ kurt.hinterbichler@case.edu † austin.joyce@columbia.edu ‡ jkhoury@sas.upenn. edu
Sunnah Arabic Corpus: Design and Methodology.

Sunnah Arabic Corpus is an annotated linguistic resource that consists of 144K words/170K tokens of the Hadith narratives (an utterance attributed to prophet Mohammed) extracted from Riyāḍu Aṣṣāliḥīn book. As a first layer of annotation, the corpus has been fully diacritized. In addition, each orthographic word/token is segmented into its syntactic words. And each syntactic word is tagged with its part-of-speech in addition to multiple morphological features. Several hadith translations in different languages are provided and aligned at the narrative/paragraph level. Hadith Arabic Corpus follows the successful Quranic Arabic Corpus in its standards (corpus.quran.com). Sunnah Arabic Corpus is freely available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Measuring the Performance of Data Placement Structures for MapReduce-based Data Warehousing Systems

- The exponential growth of data requires systems that are able to provide a scalable and fault-tolerant infrastructure for storage and processing of vast amount of data efficiently. Hive is a MapReduce-based data warehouse for data aggregation and query analysis. This data warehousing system can arrange millions of rows of data into tables, and its data placement structures play a significant role for increasing the performance of this data warehouse. Hive also provides SQL-like language called HiveQL, which is able to compile MapReduce jobs into queries on Hadoop. In this paper, we measure the efficiency of these data placement structures (Record Columnar File (RCFile) and Optimize Record Columnar File (ORCFile)) in terms of data loading, storage and query processing using MapReduce framework. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of these data placement structures for Hive data warehousing systems.
How are Firms' Wages and Prices Linked: Survey Evidence in Europe

This paper presents new evidence on the patterns of price and wage adjustment in European firms and on the extent of nominal rigidities. It uses a unique dataset collected through a firm-level survey conducted in a broad range of countries and covering various sectors. Several conclusions are drawn from this evidence. Firms adjust wages less frequently than prices: the former tend to remain unchanged for about 15 months on average, the latter for around 10 months. The degree of price rigidity varies substantially across sectors and depends strongly on economic features, such as the intensity of competition, the exposure to foreign markets and the share of labour costs in total cost. Instead, country specificities, mostly related to the labour market institutional setting, are more relevant in characterising the pattern of wage adjustment. The latter exhibits also a substantial degree of time-dependence, as firms tend to concentrate wage changes in a specific month, mostly January in the majority of countries. Wage and price changes feed into each other at the micro level and there is a relationship between wage and price rigidity.
347 Developments in 4 D-Var and Kalman Filtering

We discuss the status and the performance of the reduced rank Kalman filter (RRKF) as implemented within the framework of ECMWF’s 4D-Var data assimilation system, as well as other new developments related to the specification and cycling of errors in 4D-Var. The presumption that the RRKF, through its incorporation of singular vector structures in the analysis, would lead to substantial forecast improvement has yet to be demonstrated. Extensive experimentation has taken place testing a variety of RRKF configurations some at highest resolution affordable. Results show substantial forecast impact on a case to case basis in both the positive and negative directions, with near-neutral results on average over large samples. Careful definition of the unstable sub-space resolved by the RRKF and a better characterisation of the analysis error covariance have been identified as the key issues. Other important developments of the 4D-Var system will enable further increase in analysis resolution, and prepare the ground for the use of future high density (and high frequency) satellite observations. A method for Hessian preconditioning is described. Recent re-evaluations of the background error covariance matrix are discussed and modifications to the background error formulation to allow a level of regional variation and flow dependence in the statistics are presented. We show that the definition of the static background error covariance matrix is crucially important for the performance of 4D-Var and also to the RRKF as it will influence its ability to accurately describe the location and structure of growing errors in the assimilation.
OCCUPATIONAL NOISE AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK BY EXAGGERATED BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSE AT EXERCISE IN EXPOSED WORKERS

The relationship between occupational noise exposure and hypertension as well as other coronary risk factors is recently highlighted. The objective of this study was to investigate if exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise testing can be used as a predictive tool for cardiovascular risk stratification in relation to occupational noise exposure.Subjects and Methods: Normotensive male workers free from diabetes and cardiovascular disease, in one of the industrial facilities in Alexandria were included in the study. Personal noise exposure levels were measured for workers exposed to noise in compressors and maintenance workshops as mean time weighted average (TWA). Three groups were considered each one comprised 50 workers representing high noise exposed group (compressor operators with TWA 90±4 dBA), low noiseexposed group (maintenance workers with TWA 79±6 dBA) and non exposed group from administrative staff. After ethical consideration and obtaining a written consent,all participants were subjected to a questionnaire about personal and occupational data including perceived noise annoyance. Conventional coronary risk factors were measured. A standard symptom limited ergometer exercise test with Bruce protocol was performed and peak exercise hemodynamic variables were defined. Exaggerated blood pressure response at exercise was defined as peak SBP > 200 mmHg and/or peakDBP > 95 mmHg.Results: The three groups were similar in socio-demographic data. Exaggerated BP response at exercise was significantly more prevalent among high noise exposed group in comparison to other groups. The sensitivity and specificity of the suggested test in predicting high risk cases (those with ≥ 3 risk factors) were 77.5% and 84.6% respectively. Logistic regression analysis of results of the predictive test showed significant relation to noise level, perceived noise annoyance, resting HR and LDLcholesterol (P< 0.05 for all). Conclusion and recommendations: Exaggerated BP response to exercise can be used as a predictive tool for early detection of high risk noise exposed workers in occupational health preventive programs. Noise exposure levels should be reduced tosafe health criteria.
Review on Moving Object Detection in Video Surveillance

: This chapter presents a review and systematic study on the moving object detection and surveillancing of the video as they are important and challenging task in many computer vision applications. Such as human detection algorithm, vehicles detection, threat, security. Video surveillancing in a dynamic environment ,especially for human and vehicles and for specific object in case of security is one of the current challenging research topic in computer vision it is a key technology to fight against terrorism, crime, public safety and for efficient management of accidents and crime seen going on now a days. The paper also presents the concept of real time implementation computing task in video surveillances system. In this review paper various methods are discussed were evaluation of order to access how well they can detect moving object in an outdoor/indoor section in real time situation.
Does China have an impact on foreign direct investment to Latin America

We analyze empirically whether the emergence of China as a large recipient of FDI has affected the amount of FDI received by Latin American countries. For the longest time span possible given data availability (from 1984 to 2001), we do not find a substitution from Latin American inward FDI to China, when other relevant factors are taken into account. However, concentrating on the last few years (from 1995 to 2001), when FDI boomed worldwide and negotiations for China? s WTO membership accelerated, the ? Chinese? effect becomes highly significant. Assessing the impact country by country, China? s inward FDI appears to have hampered that of Mexico and Colombia.
Histology and histochemistry of tonsil of soft palate of the sheep (Ovis aries).

Soft palate of the sheep having nasal and oral surfaces was studied in six young sheep of local mixed breed. The nasal surface was lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells. The respiratory epithelium was modified at places into the follicle associated epithelium due to infiltration of lymphoid tissue from the propria. The goblet cells presented a strong PAS positive reaction for glycogen, acidic, neutral and weakly sulfated mucopolysaccharides. Isolated patches of mucosa also showed presence of stratified squamous nonkeratinised epithelium. Propria submucosa had loose irregular connective tissue, small aggregations of lymphoid tissue, isolated lymphoid follicles and clusters of mucous glandular acini. The glandular acini and their ducts also presented a strong PAS positive reaction similar to that of goblet cells.