Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of delta‐8‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8‐THC): Comparative pharmacology with Δ9‐THC

The use of the intoxicating cannabinoid delta‐8‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8‐THC) has grown rapidly over the last several years. There have been dozens of Δ8‐THC studies dating back over many decades, yet no review articles have comprehensively covered these findings. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological studies of Δ8‐THC, including receptor binding, cell signalling, in vivo cannabimimetic activity, clinical activity and pharmacokinetics. We give special focus to studies that directly compared Δ8‐THC to its more commonly studied isomer, Δ9‐THC. Overall, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Δ8‐THC and Δ9‐THC are very similar. Δ8‐THC is a partial agonist of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor and has cannabimimetic activity in both animals and humans. The reduced potency of Δ8‐THC in clinical studies compared with Δ9‐THC can be explained by weaker cannabinoid CB1 receptor affinity, although there are other plausible mechanisms that may contribute. We highlight the gaps in our knowledge of Δ8‐THC pharmacology where further studies are needed, particularly in humans.
Origin of the large piezoelectric activity in (1 − x)Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 ceramics

The diffusionless pseudobinary phase diagram, monodomain properties, and free energy of (1 − x)Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 are computed for comparison with experimental results. Specifically, the variation of the spontaneous polarization, anisotropy energy, and free energy with respect to temperature, composition, and polarization direction are discussed relative to the results of resonant piezoelectricmeasurements performed over a wide compositional range as a function of temperature. The phase angle, relative permittivity, piezoelectric and coupling coefficients, and elastic compliances were used to investigate relations between the computed and measured pseudobinary phase diagrams and the measured piezoelectric and elastic properties. It was found that d33 values along the orthorhombic to tetragonal phase boundary are ∼30% higher than those both along the rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase boundary and in the region where phases converge. It is shown that the reduction in anisotropy energy in these regions of the phase diagram is by itself insufficient to explain the measured properties. The highest small signal piezoelectric activity is found along the orthorhombic to tetragonal phase boundary due to a combination of reduced anisotropy energy, high remanent/spontaneous polarization, and increased elastic softening. The combined computed and experimental results are used to demonstrate that the interdependent behavior of these properties should be considered in the design of engineered piezoelectric ceramics.
A Study Of Various Problem-Solving Approaches In Authorship Attribution Using Stylometry

: As we know that each author has its own writing habits and certain inherent writing characteristics, that he or she uses in his or document writing unconsciously, we can study those hidden characteristics to identify their style of writing, this is very helpful in case of authorship detection, while two or more persons claim the ownership for the same content or document. Now a days, due to digitalization, someone can copy and paste your document and publish it with own name, which is a matter of copyright, but without sufficient proof, it is difficult to prove true legitimate ownership, in this paper we are discussing various characteristics and approaches and their importance that were used and discussed by many researchers in their work.
Arthroscopic Versus Open Ankle Arthrodesis

Background: End-stage ankle arthritis has long been managed surgically with open ankle arthrodesis (OAA). Since the first published report in 1983, arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (AAA) has been thought to be associated with improved patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and fewer complications. The purpose of the present study was to compare the long-term PROMs, major complications, and reoperations for these 2 approaches at up to 15 years of follow-up. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included patients at our institution who underwent primary ankle arthrodesis for the treatment of end-stage arthritis. Demographic data and preoperative COFAS (Canadian Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) ankle arthritis type were collected for all patients. PROMs were completed preoperatively, at 6 months, and annually thereafter to 5 years. PROMs were compared at all time points with use of a mixed-effects regression model that adjusted for preoperative variables and scores. Major complications and reoperations at the site of the ankle arthrodesis were also compared. Results: Of 1,294 patients who were screened for inclusion, 351 who had undergone ankle arthrodesis between 2003 and 2019 were eligible for the study. Of those, 223 had undergone AAA and 128 had undergone OAA. The 2 groups were similar preoperatively with respect to demographics, but COFAS Type-4 arthritis was relatively more common in the OAA group and Type-1 arthritis was relatively more common in the AAA group. In addition, the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS) score and Ankle Arthritis Score (AAS) were better in the AAA group. In the mixed-effects model analysis, the differences in postoperative outcome scores between the groups were not significant. The risk of revision due to malunion or nonunion was similar in both groups (6% in the AAA group, compared with 4% in the OAA group). Deep infection and wound complications did not occur in the arthroscopic group but occurred in 4% of the patients in the OAA group. Conclusions: After adjustment for baseline patient characteristics, there were no differences in PROMs between the 2 techniques. Ankle arthrodeses done arthroscopically had a similar revision rate but lower infection rate compared with those done with the open technique. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Hyperbolic graphs for free products, and the Gromov boundary of the graph of cyclic splittings

We define hyperbolic analogues of the graphs of free splittings, of cyclic splittings, and of maximally cyclic splittings of FN for free products of groups. Given a countable group G which splits as G=G1*⋯*Gk*F , where F denotes a finitely generated free group, we identify the Gromov boundary of the graph of relative cyclic splittings with the space of equivalence classes of Z ‐averse trees in the boundary of the corresponding outer space. A tree is Z‐averse if it is not compatible with any tree T' that is itself compatible with a relative cyclic splitting. Two Z ‐averse trees are equivalent if they are both compatible with a common tree in the boundary of the corresponding outer space. We give a similar description of the Gromov boundary of the graph of maximally cyclic splittings.
Green synthesis of nitrotoluene isomers over Nb 2 O 5 / SiO 2 and

Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) supported on silica (SiO2) nanocatalysts are synthesized and characterized by pyridine-adsorbed Fourier Transform Infrared, Scanning Electron Microscopy combined with Energy Dispersive X-ray, Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. They were applied for the nitration of toluene to nitrotoluene (NT) using N2O4 under O2. The purpose was to decrease the yield of meta-NT isomer (MetaNb and MetaMo) and increase the para-NT/ortho-NT ratio ((Para/Ortho)Nb and (Para/Ortho)Mo). For this end, parameters including reaction temperature (T), reaction time (t), N2O4/toluene molar ratio (χ), and amount of nanocatalyst (m) were optimized with the response surface method based on the central composite design by Minitab software. Since, MetaNb, MetaMo, (Para/Ortho)Nb, and (Para/Ortho)Mo responses are reported as four models. The validation of each model was confirmed using the analysis of variance test by the coefficient of multiple determination, adjusted multiple determined coefficient, standard error of estimate, Fisher statistic, t-value, and p-value. The GC analysis was used to determine the yield of ortho-NT, meta-NT, and para-NT isomers. This analysis also showed the conversion of toluene in optimized reactions over Nb2O5/SiO2 (97.5%) and MoO3/SiO2 (89.2%). The reusability of nanocatalysts demonstrates the stability of Nb2O5/SiO2 is higher than MoO3/SiO2. Optimum values for T, t, χ, and m were obtained over nanocatalysts. It was found that Nb2O5/SiO2 has better performance than MoO3/SiO2 due to its less selectivity towards meta-NT and more selectivity to para-NT. Its reason was attributed to the more acidic sites of the Nb2O5/SiO2 than the MoO3/SiO2 and higher electron affinity of Nb2O5 than the MoO3, in addition to the smaller size of the Nb2O5 particles and the higher dispersion of these particles on the SiO2.
Assessment of genetic diversity of local rice accessions cultivated in Guinea revealed by SNPs markers, and identification of markers associated with tolerance to iron toxicity

Rice is the staple food in the Republic of Guinea. However, its production is seriously hampered by iron toxicity. The fight against this stress necessarily involves the search for tolerant or resistant varieties. The study aims to determine quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with tolerance to iron toxicity and to identify genotypes tolerant or resistant to iron toxicity. Thus, 90 local rice accessions collected in two regions of Guinea with high iron toxicity were evaluated using 33,537 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Seventy of the SNP markers expressed a polymorphism rate of 100%. Diversity analysis of the entire collection with these markers revealed a total of 140 alleles, a moderate Nei genetic diversity of 0.426, a fairly high Shannon diversity index of 0.610 and an organization of the accessions into four genetic groups. The study also identified 12 potentially iron-tolerant accessions and five QTLs associated with iron-toxicity tolerance located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 11, and 12. The 12 genotypes identified could be exploited in the lowland rice breeding program.
Author Response on RC2

The manuscript then provides examples of regional simulations including the Indus River watershed as well as the Wyoming headwaters contributing to river flow to the Colorado, Colombia and Mississippi River. This provides an opportunity to demonstrate the novel water component tracking functionality that enables identification of source regions and source stocks for river discharge and irrigation water supply.
Two-stage Hybrid Domain Decomposition Algorithm for Power System Transient Stability Simulation

This paper proposes a novel two-stage hybrid domain decomposition algorithm to speed up the dynamic simulations and the analysis of power systems that can be computationally demanding due to the scale and complexity of the grid. On the first level of the decomposition, the proposed algorithm incorporates a Schwarz-based strategy to decouple the original problem into various subsystems through boundary variable relaxation, and on the second level, each decoupled subsystem is further decomposed into subdomains that are solved independently using the Schur-complement approach. Convergence is checked in both stages to assure that the parallelized implementation of the subsystems can produce identical results to the original problem. The proposed approach is tested on an IEEE 9 bus system to evaluate its effectiveness and applicability for large-scale and very-large-scale implementations.
Design of an impedance matched near field passive antenna for medical microwave radiometry

The paper presents the numerical design and analysis of a compact microstrip patch antenna with superstrate for medical microwave radiometry at 1.3 GHz. The antenna design was optimized to obtain at least -10 dB power reflection coefficient, 100 MHz bandwidth centered at 1.3 GHz and localized power reception from deep seated tissue in homogeneous and layered tissue models mimicking the dielectric properties of the breast. Simulation results indicate that the optimized antenna with low loss superstrate meets the design criteria for passive deep tissue thermometry.
Consistent and Fine-Grained Rule Update with In-Network Control for Distributed Rate Limiting

Coexisting applications contend for limited WAN bandwidth when communicating over distributed data centers in private clouds. Online service providers deploy distributed rate limiting systems to dynamically estimate each application instance’s bandwidth demand, and update rate limiting rules to provide performance isolation and bandwidth guarantees for applications with different priorities. However, the isolation violation caused by the inconsistent update of rate limiting rules among servers would eventually violate the Service Level Agreement requirements. Motivated by the observation that InNetwork Control can update rate limiting rules consistently with ultra-low latency for hundreds of thousands of end-hosts through in-band control messages, this paper presents DistRL, a dynamic distributed rate limiting system that can achieve fine-grained consistent updates. The main idea of DistRL is to replace the traditional controller with programmable switches to improve communication efficiency, thereby achieving finer-grained consistent updates. The evaluation shows that DistRL can support sub-second distributed updates of rate limiting rules without isolation violation for O(105) servers.
EdgePipe: Tailoring Pipeline Parallelism With Deep Neural Networks for Volatile Wireless Edge Devices

As intelligence recently moves to the edge to tackle the problems of privacy, scalability, and network bandwidth in the centralized intelligence, it is necessary to construct an efficient yet robust deep learning model viable at edge devices, which are usually volatile in wireless links and device functionality. The intensive computation burden for deep learning at the edge side necessitates some level of parallel processing via acceleration. We propose EdgePipe, a deep learning framework based on deep neural networks (DNNs) with a mixture of model parallelism and pipeline training for high resource utilization over volatile wireless edge devices. To tackle the volatility problem in wireless links and device functionality, a concept of super neuron is defined to be a group of neurons across adjacent layers, which is the basis of model partitioning at edge devices. The relatively loss-resilient neuron structure prevents the entire forward or backward training paths from being totally broken down due to only some intermittent link or device failure caused by one or few devices. Furthermore, we design a subsequent pipeline training mechanism based on the prior super-neuron-based model partitioning for fast convergence with more training data in a fixed timeline. The experimental results have demonstrated that EdgePipe outperforms several counterpart algorithms including PipeDream under the volatile wireless lossy or device malfunctioning environments, while preserving the low interlayer communication overhead.
Pharmacognostic Study of Aerial Parts of Plant Geniosporum prostratum (L) Benth.

The plant Geniosporum prostratum (L) Benth. belonging to family Lamiacea is regarded as a febrifuge in pondicherry and is used in common cold for children. It has not yet been studied pharmacognostically. The aim of the present research work is to study the microscopic and macroscopic characters that enable the identification of the plant material for future investigation and form an important aspect of drug studies. The current study includes macroscopy, microscopy, anatomy and ash analysis of the leaf and stem of Geniosporum prostratum (L) Benth.
Stress level estimation based on physiological signals for Virtual Reality Applications

Virtual Reality (VR) video games have become popular in recent years with the emergence of a wide variety of enhanced VR hardware systems. Typically, current VR video games incorporate high-quality auditory and video feedback along with vibro-tactile cues to provide an immersive experience. However, the ongoing VR hardware and software do not consider the state of the user to determine whether the video game is generating an enjoyable experience, or if it has become a stressing or boring experience. This work provides an assessment of stress level estimation from features extracted from Electrocardiography (ECG), Electrodermal Activity (EDA), and Electromyography (EMG) signals of users while playing a VR video game with different difficulty levels. Statistical differences were found between the rest and gaming stages for several extracted features. Regardless of the fact that no significant statistical differences between the three levels of difficulty were found by analyzing the EDA and ECG features, an 83.1% accuracy was obtained for the classification between the three levels with a KNN model. For the EMG signal, the obtained accuracy ranged between 99% and 100% for the distinction between a difficult level 1 and rest stage for all models. When all features from the ECG, EDA and EMG signals were used, an accuracy of 99% was obtained for the differentiation between the three difficulty levels and a resting stage. The presented work results may serve as a reference for future work regarding feature extraction and game difficulty adaptation for user experience enhancement.
AoA Estimation of Spatially Correlated MIMO Transmitters in Wireless Passive Radar Applications

In this work we are concerned with the problem of estimating the AoA of MIMO transmitters when their antennas exhibit spatial correlation. The problem is of interest in passive RADAR applications where a receiver that is not part of the nominal communication link wants to estimate the AoA. We explore the conditions under which we we can calculate correctly the number of AoAs, allowing us correct application of the high resolution MUSIC algorithm. Our results in indicate that for spatially correlated channels we must know the degree of spatial correlation before we can calculate the AoAs.
Figra: Evaluating a larger search space for Cardumen in Automatic Program Repair

Automatic Program Repair (APR) techniques have been used to automatically fix bugs, helping developers save time in this process. These techniques first identify where the error is located in the code, then iteratively apply patches to those locations, verifying if each patch succeeded in fixing the existing bug. This work focus on APR techniques that search for possible fixes, possibly based on information in the source code, and validate each fix based on test-suite, thus being a time-consuming search. In order to execute in reasonable time, existing techniques often trade-off reducing the search-space to be more efficient in finding the solution for some well-known classes of bugs. However, at the same time, other classes of bugs are being excluded from ever being fixed. This work focuses on evaluating the impact of this trade-off between the size of search-space and the time taken to find a valid patch. To this end, we have extended a state-of-the-art tool for Java automated repair, Cardumen, with a larger search space. Currently, Cardumen can replace target expressions with other expressions present elsewhere in the program. Our extension, Figra, also sup-ports the replacement to be new code, not already in the code. Figra detects four unique bugs that existing tools did not find in the same amount of time, and for the bugs that Cardumen was also able to solve, has identical performance in 5 out of 6 bugs.
Optimal Synthesis of Circular Ring Arrays for Targets Localization via Orbital Angular Momentum Vortex Beams

We propose a new way to use Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) antennas for the synthesis of circular-ring arrays aimed at the localization of targets. Being able to generate a single null of the pattern in the spectral plane, the proposed solutions can achieve good localization performances as compared to the common techniques which lead to a whole line of zeroes in the spectral plane (or two perpendicular rows in case of ‘delta square’ patterns). The design procedure relies on two main steps: first, a Convex Programming (CP) optimization is performed in order to identify a continuous aperture source maximizing the localization performances through an optimal exploitation of the OAM modes and, then, a proper discretization of the continuous source into the sought circular-ring array is performed. Comparisons of radiation performances between the benchmark continuous aperture source and the corresponding designed array are given.
AmbieGen tool at the SBST 2022 Tool Competition

AmbieGen is a tool for generating test cases for cyber-physical systems (CPS). In the context of SBST 2022 CPS tool competition, it has been adapted to generating virtual roads to test a car lane keeping assist system. AmbieGen leverages a two objective NSGA-II algorithm to produce the test cases. It has achieved the highest final score, accounting for the test case efficiency, effectiveness and diversity in both testing configurations.
On-Chip Condition Monitoring of GaN Power Devices Using TJ-Independent TON Precursor for Device Aging and Gate Leakage IGSS for Dielectric Failure

Despite of highly desirable electrical switching characteristics, GaN power devices face tremendous reliability challenges in application of modern power electronic circuits. To mitigate such, this paper presents an on-chip condition monitoring (CM) approach that integrates device-level aging monitoring and system-level failure detection harmoniously in a single circuit platform. In an effort to improve the accuracy of device aging monitoring, a VDS-based closed-loop sensing scheme is developed, which reduces the TON precursor readout error caused by TON sensing delay. To further improve the accuracy, a junction temperature TJ calibration effort is performed. To detect dielectric failure on packaging level, a gate leakage IGSS based failure detection is developed, which shares the same circuitry used for the TJ calibration efficiently. A power IC prototype was implemented on a 0.18 μm HV BCD process for design validation, showing that both device aging and dielectric failure are detected with high precision and efficiency.
Suppression of current collapse by Access-region Carrier Enhancement technique in GaN-MOSFETs

Current collapse phenomenon, which is increase of on-resistance caused by high drain voltage at off-state, is a problem to be solved in reliabilities of GaN-based devices. In order to reduce the current collapse, it is necessary to identify traps generated when the drain voltage is applied and reduce the traps. In this paper, we investigate the traps which cause the current collapse by measuring device-capacitance characteristics, and demonstrate that the current collapse is suppressed by a proposed device structure using Access-region Carrier Enhancement (ACE) technique in the Normally-off GaN-MOSFETs. These results show that the proposed GaN-MOSFETs with ACE structure are promising for practical power semiconductor devices.