Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
X-RAY PEAK BROADENING ANALYSIS IN LAMNO 3+δ NANO-PARTICLES WITH RHOMBOHEDRAL CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

Article history: In this work, structural and magnetic properties of the LaMnO3+δ compound prepared by citrate precursor method and annealed in the presence of oxygen are investigated. The structural characterization of LaMnO3+δ by X-ray powder diffraction and X"pert package and Fullprof program provides evidence for a rhombohedral structure (R-3c space group) confirmed by FTIR measurement as well. The magnetic measurements show a super- paramagnetic behavior of LaMnO3+δ due to low values of the coercive field and remanance magnetization and also high value of saturation magnetization. In addition, a comparative study of the crystallite size of the compounds obtained from powder XRD is reported. The Williamson-Hall analysis, size-strain plot and Halder-Wagner methods were used to study the individual contributions of the crystallite sizes and lattice micro-strain to isotropic line broadening of all the reflection peaks of the LaMnO3+δ compound. The results show that the Halder-Wagner method is more accurate, with all data points touching the fitting line better than in the other methods. The crystallite sizes estimated from XRD (30.86 nm) and particle size estimated from TEM method (36 nm) and also the magnetic core size (33.6 nm) estimated from magnetic measurement are in good agreement, while a little difference reflects a spherical shape of the nanoparticles.
Variations in Dilution of DSSE 10 Antibody in Immunocytochemistry Technique to Detect Dengue-3 Virus in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

Introduction: Dengue viruses, globally the most prevalent arboviruses, are transmitted to humans by persistently infected Aedes mosquitoes. The most important vector of Dengue virus is the mosquito Ae. aegypti, which should be the main target of surveillance and control activities. Virologic surveillance for Dengue viruses in its vector has been used as an early warning system to predict outbreaks. Detection of Dengue virus antigen in mosquito head squash using immunocytochemical streptavidin biotin peroxidase complex (SBPC) assay is an alternative method for Dengue vector surveillance. Objectives: The study was aimed to compare several variations of MAb DDSE10 dilutions used in immunocytochemical SBPC assay to detect Dengue virus infection in head squash of Ae. aegypti. Methods: The study design was experimental. Artifi cially-infected adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes of DENV 3 were used as infectious samples and uninfected adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were used as normal ones. The immunocytochemical SBPC assay using monoclonal antibody DSSE10 with 4 variations of dilution (1:5, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:50) was applied on mosquito head squash to detect Dengue virus antigen. The results were analyzed descriptively. Results: All variants of MAb DSSE10 dilutions in immunocytochemical SBPC assay showed positive imunoreaction in infected mosquito head squash. All variants of MAb DSSE10 dilutions in immunocytochemical SBPC assay showed negative immunoreaction in uninfected mosquito head squash. Conclusion: Monoclonal antibody DSSE10 could be used in immunochemistry technique to detect Dengue-3 virus antigen in Aedes aegypti infected intrathoracally, with 1:50 dilution. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Dengue virus, Immunocytochemical, SPBC, Monoclonal Antibody DSSE-10
Molecular analysis of the role of septins and septin dynamics during cell cleavage

7 Zusammenfassung. 9 Chapter 1 : Introduction . 11 1. General Introduction . 13 2. Cytokinesis . 13 2.1. Cleavage plane specification.14 2.2. Actomyosin ring . 15 2.2.1.Actomyosin ring components.17 2.3. Abscission . 19 2.4. The nuclear cycle and cytokinesis are synchronized with each other . 19 2.4. 1.Small G proteins control formation of the actomyosin ring.19 2.4. 2.The Men/Sin pathway initiates contraction.20 2.4. 3.Contraction is initiated and enforced by signaling from the midbody.22 2.5. Membrane behavior during cytokinesis.23 2.6. Cell wall formation.25 3. The septin protein family . 26 3.1. The function of the septins in S. cerevisiae . 26 3.1.1.Septin behavior during the cell cycle, mating and sporulation . 26 3.1.2.Cellular function of the septin ring in budding yeast.28 3.2.The role of septin in other organisms.31 3.3. Protein domains . 33 3.4. Filament formation and protein modifications. 36 3.5. Septins and diseases.40 4. Aim of this work . 41 Chapter 2 : Suppressor of twelve-six (STS) . 45 1. Suppressor screen.47 1.1. Generation and analysis of the suppressor mutations. 49 1.2. Suppressor screen using the knockout collection. 53 2. Conclusions . 54 Chapter 3 : Septin dynamics during the cell cycle . 57
Post-harvest quality of banana genotypes PA42-44 and Prata-Anã cultivated in teh north of Minas Gerais

A suscetibilidade a doencas de grande impacto economico poe em risco a viabilidade economica da bananicultura. A melhor estrategia para controle destas doencas, do ponto de vista economico e ambiental, e a utilizacao de cultivares resistentes. Porem, estas devem apresentar, alem de boas caracteristicas de produtividade, um bom sabor e facilidade para manuseio e transporte como requisitos para aceitacao do mercado. Portanto, este trabalho visou a avaliar caracteristicas pos-colheita do genotipo PA42-44 resistente ao mal-do-panama, sigatoka-amarela e negra, comparando a cultivar 'Prata-Ana', bastante difundida, porem suscetivel as doencas citadas. Para tal, bananas de cada um dos genotipos foram colhidas e armazenadas a temperatura de 22 ± 1°C e umidade relativa de 75 ± 5% ate atingirem determinado indice de coloracao para avaliacao. As bananas foram avaliadas nos indices de coloracao 2; 3; 4; 5 e 6, segundo a escala de notas de Von Loesecke. As variaveis avaliadas foram: firmeza, pH, acidez titulavel (AT), solidos soluveis (SS), relacao SS/AT e despencamento. Tambem foi verificado qual dos genotipos amadurece mais rapidamente, analisando a modificacao da cor das bananas por 12 dias. Finalmente, foi realizada a analise sensorial para os atributos aparencia, aceitabilidade, firmeza e docura de ambos os genotipos. As bananas PA42-44, quando comparadas a 'Prata-Ana', nos mesmos indices de coloracao, encontravam-se em processo mais avancado de amadurecimento. Porem, quando avaliadas em funcao do periodo de armazenamento, a 'Prata-Ana' amadureceu mais rapidamente. As bananas PA42-44 sao menos firmes e bem mais suscetiveis ao despencamento que as bananas 'Prata-Ana'. Ja as caracteristicas sensoriais dos genotipos foram iguais quanto a preferencia.
A baited underwater video system for the determination of relative density of carnivorous reef fish

Estimates of the relative density of fishes form the basis of many marine ecological studies as well as the assessment of effects of fishing or pollution. Plasticity in the behavioural response of large reef fishes to SCUBA divers means that commonly used underwater visual census (UVC) techniques do not always provide reliable estimates of relative density. The paper describes the system configuration, deployment methods, testing and use of a remotely deployed baited underwater video (BUV) system for the survey of carnivorous reef fishes (snapper, Pagrus auratus and blue cod,Parapercis colias) in marine reserves of northern New Zealand. Concurrent UVC and BUV surveys inside and outside a marine reserve showed that, whereas UVC detected few snapper in either area (resulting in little confidence in statistically significant results), BUV demonstrated significant differences in relative density. Conversely, blue cod were found to occur at significantly higher densities within the reserve by UVC, but not by BUV. The provision of accurate estimates of fish size (<20 mm error) from video footage also illustrated differences in size structure between protected and fished populations. The data suggest that a combination of survey techniques is likely to be necessary where multispecies assemblages are being assessed.
Functional characterizations of Ellenberg indicator values – a review on ecophysiological determinants

Summary Ellenberg indicator values (EIVs) can be used as a numerical system to classify species’ habitat niches and their peak occurrence along gradients. By finding correlations of EIVs with morphological or ecophysiological properties, it is possible to identify determinants of species distributions with respect to environmental factors. We surveyed existing literature containing species comparisons from controlled experiments and combined them with EIVs. The picture emerging is that multiple determinants can be identified for nutrient numbers (N), soil reaction numbers (R) and also soil moisture numbers (M), while only few can be found for light numbers (L) and especially for continentality (C) and temperature numbers (T). Functional characterizations of the different EIV can thus be deduced which help to understand the mechanisms and processes driving the ecological niche of a plant. The described approach is a powerful tool to analyse the ecological significance of different plant properties. Species screenings specifically designed to allow for correlations with EIV have large potential for high explanatory power.
Biological Control of Woollyleaf Bursage (Ambrosia grayi) with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis1

Abstract: Field studies were conducted with a biocontrol agent, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis, to determine the optimal application parameters for controlling woollyleaf bursage, a pernicious perennial weed on the Texas Southern High Plains. Parameters investigated were bacterial concentration, time, season, and frequency of application. Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis concentration ranging from 104 to 108 colony forming units (CFU)/ml produced similar incidence of disease on woollyleaf bursage. Weekly, biweekly, and triweekly applications were found to be equally effective. Optimal time for application of P. syringae pv. tagetis was at midday. A single application in April, May, or June resulted in higher incidence of disease for 5 wk than the noninoculated plots, whereas single applications in July and August were not consistently different from the noninoculated plots. Weed density was negatively correlated with disease incidence for April, July, and August applications, particularly when correlations were based on disease incidence from 1 to 4 wk prior to weed density measurement. Weed densities during 1997 were lower at the end of the year when bacteria applications were made in April, May, or June, as opposed to July or August, or plots were not inoculated. In 1998, weed density was lower when bacteria applications were made in April as opposed to May or June. These investigations indicate that P. syringae pv. tagetis does infect woollyleaf bursage on the Texas southern High Plains. Nomenclature: Woollyleaf bursage; Ambrosia grayi (A. Nels.) Shinners #3 AMBGR; Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis; biological control. Additional index words: Biological control agent, biopesticide. Abbreviations: AT, application time; B, bacteria; CFU, colony forming units; EP, evaluation period; IOD, incidence of disease.
Effectiveness of Marketing Promotion Programs: The Case of Texas Citrus

This article analyzes the effectiveness of Marketing Order 906 in promoting Texas grapefruit and oranges and focuses specifically on the answers to two key questions: 1) What have been the effects of the promotion programs funded under Marketing Order 906 on shipments of Texas grapefruit and oranges? (2) What has been the return on the investment made under Marketing Order 906 to promote sales of Texas grapefruit and
Sulfate-reducing bacteria in the skeleton of the massive coral Goniastrea aspera from the great barrier reef

Coral skeletons harbor diverse assemblages of endolithic microorganisms that often have a profound influence on the ecology and physiology of the coral host. While the cyanobacterial and eukaryotic microalgal components of these endolithic assemblages are well characterized, information on the other components remains scarce. Here, we characterize the endolithic microbial assemblages in the skeleton of the massive coral Goniastrea aspera in both oligotrohic and eutrophic environments. In addition to the green bands typically found in massive coral skeletons, multiple black bands were observed in skeletons from oligotrophic waters. Sequence analysis of the dsrB (dissimilatroy sulfite reductase beta-subunit) gene revealed that colonies with black bands harbor a diverse assemblage of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). In contrast, SRB were not detected in skeletons from eutrophic waters. We conclude that increases in nutrients may have an important effect on the microbial assemblages residing within coral skeletons.
Population Genetic Structure of Octopus minor Sasaki from Korea and China Based on a Partial Sequencing of Mitochondrial 16S rRNA

We determined a portion of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences (416 bp) to investigate the genetic structure of the octopus (Octopus minor Ssaki) population in Korea and China. Samples were obtained from Korea (Yeosu, Namhae, Jindo, Muan, Geomundo and Seosan) and China (Sandong) during the period of August 2006 to September 2007. Sequence analyses of 28 individual specimens collected from 7 localities revealed 11 haplotypes, ranging in a sequence divergence of 0.2% - 1.2%. Phylogenetic analyses using PHYLIP and networks subdivided the octopus into two clades (termed clade A and B) and the nucleotide divergence between them was 0.4%. This haplotype subdivision was in accordance with geographic separation: one at Yeosu, Namhae, Muan and Jindo, and the other at Seosan, Geomundo and Sandong. On the basis of hierarchial genetic analysis, genetic distance between localities in Korea and China were also found, but a significant population differentiation was not shown in this study (p＞0.05). Consequently, most of the octopus populations in Korea had considerable distribution due to the mitochondrial gene flow that resulted in a formation of a genetically homogenous structure, whereas some of the Korean and Chinese populations had different genetic structures. Gene flow among populations may be restricted due to impassable geographic barriers that promote genetic differentiation.
Peptides: Chemistry and Biology

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND FUNDAMENTAL CHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLES Definitions and Main Conformational Features of the Peptide Bond Building Blocks, Classification, and Nomenclature Analysis of the Covalent Structure of Peptides and Proteins Three-Dimensional Structure Methods of Structural Analysis BIOLOGY OF PEPTIDES Historical Aspects and Biological Functions Biosynthesis Selected Biologically Active Peptides PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS Principles and Objectives Protection of Functional Groups Peptide Bond Formation Racemization During Synthesis Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) Biochemical Synthesis SYNTHESIS CONCEPTS FOR PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS Strategy and Tactics Solution Phase Synthesis (SPS) NEW: Solution Phase/Solid Phase-Hybrid Approaches Optimized Strategies on Polymeric Support Chemical Ligation Strategies SYNTHESIS OF SPECIAL PEPTIDES AND PEPTIDE CONJUGATES Cyclopeptides Cystine Peptides Glycopeptides Phosphopeptides Lipopeptides Sulfated Peptides PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN DESIGN, PSEUDOPEPTIDES, AND PEPTIDOMIMETICS Peptide Design Modified Peptides Peptidomimetics Pseudobiopolymers Macropeptides and De-Novo Design of Peptides and Proteins COMBINATORIAL PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS Parallel Synthesis Synthesis of Mixtures APPLICATION OF PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS NEW: General Production Strategies NEW: Improvement of the Therapeutic Potential Protein Pharmaceuticals Peptide Pharmaceuticals PEPTIDES IN PROTEOMICS NEW: Genome and Proteome NEW: Separation Methods NEW: Peptide and Protein Analysis in Proteomics NEW: Activity-Based Proteomics
Ammonium transport: unifying concepts and unique aspects

Ammonium uptake by cells has been studied for more than a century, but only recently a family of ammonium transporters (Mep/Amt) with 10-12 transmembrane domains has been defined. These proteins are probably ubiquitous, since homologues have been found in the major kingdoms of living organisms. Plants as well as yeast and some archaebacteria have multiple Mep/Amt paralogues, which can be distinguished by their affinity for ammonium and the ammonium analogue methylammonium. Most ammonium transporters are induced in nitrogen-starving conditions, both in prokaryotes and plants. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli and Azospirillum brasilense Mep/Amt proteins where shown to be necessary for growth when the external concentration of the diffusive ammonium form (NH 3 ) becomes limiting. Ammonium transporters also play an important role in pseudohyphal differentiation in yeast and efficient symbiotic interaction between Rhizobium etli and its host plant. In most bacteria, NH 4 + transport appears to be a uniport mechanism driven by the membrane potential, but, depending on the organism, a different mode of ammonium uptake may be operating. Current knowledge offers the basis to investigate further the physiological role of ammonium transporters in the natural habitat of organisms and their importance in plant--bacteria interactions.
Type specimens of the Brassicaceae in the Herbarium of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg (HAL).

Abstract: HOFFMANN, M.H. 1998: Type specimens of the Ranunculaceae in the Herbarium of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg (HAL). Schlechtendalia 1 : 19-22. An annoted checklist is presented of type specimens belonging to the Ranunculaceae deposited in the herbarium of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg (HAL). The binominals are arranged alphabetically. Beside the listed names commentaries dealing with type locality, typifications, previous annotations and synonymy are added. As far as they could be ascertained, currently adopted names are furnished at the end of each paragraph. Twenty-five entries concern type material. Three of the specimens cited are holotypes, one collection is a lectotype, three are isotypes, five are isolectotypes, and nine collections are recognized as syntypes. The status of a few specimens remain unclear, they are listed separately. Zusammenfassung: HOFFMANN. M.H. 1998: Type specimens of the Ranunculaceae in the Herbarium oft he Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg (HAL). Schlechtendalia 1 : 19-22. Die Typus-Belege der Ranunculaceae des Herbariums der Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg (HAL) sind alphabetisch in einer annotierten Liste zusammengefast. Fur jeden Beleg werden Herkunft, Typisierung, Aufschriften auf den Herbaretiketten, sowie Bemerkungen anderer Autoren wiedergegeben. Der gultige Name der jeweiligen Sippe wird, sofern er zweifelsfrei bekannt ist, aufgefuhrt. Funfundzwanzig Belege gehoren zu Typusaufsammlungen, darunter befinden sich 3 Holotypen, 1 Lectotypus, 3 Isotypen, 5 Isolectotypen und 9 Syntypen. Einige Belege konnten noch nicht zweifelsfrei typisiert werden, sie wurden in einem eigenen Abschnitt aufgefuhrt.
Phylogeography of the Namib Desert dung beetles Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Aim Namib biogeography in many instances remains reliant on advanced and detailed systematic studies. This study attempts to combine molecular phylogenetic data, geology and palaeo‐climatic data to (i) resolve the relationships of the 13 morphological species of Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) and (ii) relate their evolution to past climatic and geological events.
Effect of repeated oral administration of bifenthrin antioxidant status and acetylcholinesterase activity in brain of rats

The oxidative-stress-inducing potential of the pyrethroid, bifenthrin, in the brain of rats was evaluated following daily oral administration of 5.8 mg/kg body weight. Lipid peroxidation in the brain was increased, while the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase decreased. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes and brain also decreased. Bifenthrin induces severe oxidative stress in brain, and inhibits brain and erythrocyte AChE.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6H-1-benzopyrano[4,3-b]quinolin-6-one derivatives as inhibitors of colon cancer cell growth

A convenient synthesis of 6H-1-benzopyrano[4,3-b]quinolin-6-one derivatives was reported using 4-chloro-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde with different aromatic amines using silica sulfuric acid. The compounds were tested for their anticancer activity against colon (HCT-116 and S1-MI-80), prostate (PC3 and DU-145), breast (MCF-7 and MDAMB-231) cancer cells. These com-pounds showed more selectivity and potent cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cells. 3c was tested against five other colon cancer cell lines (HT-29, HCT-15, LS-180, LS-174, and LoVo), which had similar cytotoxicity and selectivity. 3c did not induce PXR-regulated ABCB1 or ABCG2 transporters. In fact, 3c induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells over expressing ABCB1 or ABCG2 to the same extent as in normal HEK293 cells. It was cytotoxic approximately 3- and 5-fold to resistant colon carcinoma S1-MI-80 cells. 3c also produced concentration-dependent changes in HCT-116 colon cancer cells, in mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to apoptosis, and sub-micromolar concentrations caused chromosomal DNA fragmentation.
Pollinator rarity as a threat to a plant with a specialized pollination system

An increasing diversity of highly specialized pollination systems are being discovered, many of which are likely to be vulnerable to anthropogenic landscape modification. Here, we investigate if a specialized pollination system limits the persistence of Caladenia huegelii (Orchidaceae), an endangered species pollinated by sexual deception of thynnine wasps. Once locally common in part of its geographical range, C. huegelii is now largely restricted to small habitat remnants in urban areas. Pollinator surveys coupled with DNA barcoding detected a single pollinator taxon, a small form of Macrothynnus insignis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that small M. insignis from within the range of C. huegelii are strongly divergent from other wasp populations, suggesting that some reproductive isolation may exist. Although common in intact landscapes outside the range of C. huegelli, small M. insignis individuals were recorded at only 4% of sites in suitable C. huegelii habitat. Accordingly, reproductive success in C. huegelii was low compared with related Caladenia spp. , with 33–60% of populations failing to set fruit in any given year. As such, populations are likely to now persist primarily through individual plant longevity rather than reproduction. Due to the low reproductive success of C. huegelii, ongoing human intervention will almost certainly be needed to sustain the species. Future research will need to focus on optimizing hand pollination to maintain reproduction and high seed fitness.