Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mimicking growth factors: role of small molecule scaffold additives in promoting tissue regeneration and repair

The primary aim of tissue engineering scaffolds is to mimic the in vivo environment and promote tissue growth. In this quest, a number of strategies have been developed such as enhancing cell–material interactions through modulation of scaffold physico–chemical parameters. However, more is required for scaffolds to relate to the cell natural environment. Growth factors (GFs) secreted by cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) are involved in both normal repair and abnormal remodeling. The direct use of GFs on their own or when incorporated within scaffolds represent a number of challenges such as release rate, stability and shelf-life. Small molecules have been proposed as promising alternatives to GFs as they are able to minimize or overcome many shortcomings of GFs, in particular immune response and instability. Despite the promise of small molecules in various TE applications, their direct use is limited by nonspecific adverse effects on non-target tissues and organs. Hence, they have been incorporated within scaffolds to localize their actions and control their release to target sites. However, scanty rationale is available which links the chemical structure of these molecules with their mode of action. We herewith review various small molecules either when used on their own or when incorporated within polymeric carriers/scaffolds for bone, cartilage, neural, adipose and skin tissue regeneration.
Left Atrial Function and Volume an Independent Markers of Cardiovascular Involvement in Early Chronic Kidney Disease

Aim: value of left atrium (LA) volume and function evaluated by strain analysis in the detection of myocardial involvement in early chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with coexistent of hypertension. Methods: 33 patients with CKD stage 2 or stage 3, with mild hypertension compared with 32 age matched hypertensive patients with normal kidney function and 30 healthy control subjects, all participants underwent trans thoracic echocardiography to assess left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, LV mass and LA volume index (LAVI) by 2D and pulsed wave Doppler imaging, and LA segmental strain measured by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Results: Stage 3 CKD had the most reduced diastolic function compared with other groups. (LAVI) was higher significantly in both CKD group (36.2+8.4 ml/m2) and HT group (34.31+4.75 ml/m2) compared to control group (22.18+3 ml/m2) (p=0.001), LAVI was significantly higher in stage 3 compared with stage 2 CKD (p=0.001), Global systolic strain (GS)was significantly reduced in CKD group (17.48+4.3%) compared to both HT group (27.92+5.17%) and controls (31.75+6.8%) (p=0.001), GS was significantly lower in HT group compared with controls (p=0.014), systolic strain of four left atrial walls were different significantly between CKD group and both HT and control groups. there was high significant difference between stage 2 and stage 3 CKD as regard left atrial lateral and anterior walls systolic strain (p=0.001), inferior and septal wall systolic strain were significantly lower in stage 3 compared to stage 2 CKD. Conclusion: LA dysfunction and enlargement are evident in patients with early CKD, LA systolic strain was reduced in CKD earlier than LA enlargement which occur later, hence LA systolic strain and volume index could be used to detect myocardial involvement in early CKD.
Enhancing Virtual Machine Performance in Cloud using Cache as a Service

Caching is one of the important concept used for optimizing the performance gap across data hierarchies; in particular, disk storage systems. Cloud applications are generally resource hungry and may consist of high frequency of occasional resource consumption, which are common in the cloud; do benefit the most from caching. There are many levels of cache but the using local memory as cache might be a good alternative, this memory can be taken from main memory of the system or secondary storage with many wellknown restrictions and effective use. There are many technical as well as business challenges such as meeting the service offering and billing accurately. Here it presents the cache as a service (CaaS) system as an additional service by cloud infrastructure service providers as one of their service to their existing consumers. CaaS alone may not be possible to avail as the consumer needs to have a Virtual machine or physical machine with the provider. The cloud infrastructure provider creates a cluster of memory resources in such a way that these collective resources can be divided on demand to the right consumer and can be offered on demand to them. This disk cache system need to have security while allocating memory blocks as well as while de-allocating them. CaaS model is proposed to leverage existing resources which can be idle or kept as redundancy and offer them as a service to the consumer with small overhead yet high performance improvement. This will not only increase the performance of the client but will also help service provider to use his idle capacity and offer better utilization.
A SEMANTIC APPROACH TO ANALYZE SCIENTIFIC PAPER ABSTRACTS

Each domain and its underlying communities evolve in time and each period is centered on specific topics that emerge from textual sources that characterise the domain. In this paper we propose a semantic analysis of the article abstracts extracted from the citation index Web of Science, from the category Education and Educational Research, taken between the years 2000-2004. Our analysis represents an extension of other researches performed on the same corpora that were focusing more on evaluating co-citations between the articles in order to compute their importance score (Jensen & Grauwin and Jensen, Grauwin, Lund & Jeong). Our approach presents a general perspective of the domain by performing semantic comparisons between article abstracts using natural language processing techniques such as Latent Semantic Analysis, Latent Dirichlet Allocation or semantic distances in lexicalized ontologies, i.e. WordNet. Moreover, graph visual representations are generated using Gephi in order to highlight the keywords of each paper and of the domain, making nevertheless possible the comparison of the articles marked as important to the ones extracted by Jensen, Grauwin and their colleagues. Overall, the articles' abstracts contain more relevant semantic information than co-citations and are less prone to errors while capturing the specificity of the domain. Also, in order to further argue the benefits of our approach, a debate about the advantages and disadvantages of these complementary methods is presented, together with potential refinements of the methods for classification that can be performed as future improvements. We hope that our research will give a better comprehension of the domain of Education and Educational Research.
The Behavioral Analysis of Android Malware

With the rising share of Android platform in smartphone market, the number of malware aiming at Android platform is also increasing, and the problems of security threats and privacy disclosure caused by malicious behaviors are becoming more serious. To solve these problems, using static behavioral analysis approach, the thesis analyzes Android malware, summarizes its malicious behaviors and its ways of stealing private data, and puts forward the methods of detection and prevention.
Mechanisms of Short Term Plasticity in Presynaptic Homeostatic Plasticity

Author(s): Ortega, Jennifer Maria | Advisor(s): Davis, Graeme W | Abstract: Presynaptic homeostatic plasticity (PHP) compensates for impaired postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor function through a rapid, persistent adjustment of neurotransmitter release, an effect that can exceed 200%. An unexplained property of PHP is the preservation of short-term plasticity (STP), thereby stabilizing activity-dependent synaptic information transfer. This dissertation aims to understand the mechanisms that stabilize STP during PHP. We use a combination of electrophysiology, genetics, and biochemistry at the Drosophila NMJ to answer this question. We demonstrate that the dramatic potentiation of presynaptic release during PHP is achieved while simultaneously maintaining a constant ratio of primed to super-primed synaptic vesicles, thereby preserving STP. Mechanistically, genetic, biochemical and electrophysiological evidence argue that a constant ratio of primed to super-primed synaptic vesicles is achieved by the concerted action of three proteins: Unc18, Syntaxin1A and RIM. Our data support a model based on the regulated availability of Unc18 at the presynaptic active zone, a process that is restrained by Syntaxin1A and facilitated by RIM. As such, regulated vesicle priming/super-priming enables PHP to stabilize both synaptic gain and the activity-dependent transfer of information at a synapse.
A Synthesize Virtual Machine Provisioning Mechanism for Cloud Data Center

Volume 4, Issue 2, March – April 2015 Page 206 Abstract Now the days to reduce cost Additional enterprises and companies utilize cloud environment and services of used and cost directly proportional time because every service provider provide service in term as time. In this paper introduce an algorithm to reduce host selection time that mean give virtual machine selection time is also reduce. These are help to host allocation in cloud data center. All service provides want minimum their action cost over the cloud data centers. This time blend of Virtual Selection Provisioning Mechanism to help service provider in simulation. This algorithm used less execution time CPU Utilization and Minimum Migration Time in provisioning mechanism. Both mechanism used own logic at a time for host selection but I used combination of both algorithm.
Molecular Detection of Leptospira Species Serotypes in Iranian Stray Dogs

Background and Aims: Leptospirosis is a spirochetal disease with public health importance globally. This disease affects a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Dogs are one of the species most sensitive to Leptospira canicola and Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae. The present study was concluded to evaluate the prevalence rate of Leptospira species and L. canicola and L. icterohaemorrhagiae serovars in Iranian stray dogs. Materials and Methods: One-hundred and twenty blood samples were first taken from stray dogs. Then the samples were transferred to the laboratory. Sera were extracted from blood samples and genomic DNA was extracted. DNA samples were subjected to conventional polymerase chain reaction. Positive samples for Leptospira spp. were analyzed for presence of L. canicola and L. icterohaemorrhagiaeserovars using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: Nine samples out of 120 serum samples (7.5%) were positive for the flagella gene of the Leptospira spp. Prevalence of Leptospira spp. in serum samples of male and female dogs were 5.4% and 10.86%, respectively. Prevalence of L. canicola and L. icterohaemorrhagiae serovars were 55.55% and 33.33%, respectively. We found that 11.11% of samples were positive for both serovars. Two to three and 3-4 year old dogs had the highest prevalence of Leptospira spp. Conclusions: The considerable prevalence of leptospirta spp. and also their zoonotic serovars among Iranian stray dogs represented an important public health issue regarding the contact of healthy human with these dogs. Identification of infected dogs and their vaccination can inhibit the distribution of Leptospira spp.
Optical signal processing of video surveillance for recognizing and measurement location railway infrastructure elements

Processing of optical signals, which are received from CCD sensors of video cameras, allows to extend the functionality of video surveillance systems. Traditional video surveillance systems are used for saving, transmitting and preprocessing of the video content from the controlled objects. Video signal processing by analytics systems allows to get more information about object’s location and movement, the flow of technological processes and to measure other parameters. For example, the signal processing of video surveillance systems, installed on carriage-laboratories, are used for getting information about certain parameters of the railways. Two algorithms for video processing, allowing recognition of pedestrian crossings of the railways, as well as location measurement of the so-called “Anchor Marks” used to control the mechanical stresses of continuous welded rail track are described in this article. The algorithms are based on the principle of determining the region of interest (ROI), and then the analysis of the fragments inside this ROI.
Gaps in developmental mathematics course sequence impede success in college algebra

GAPS IN DEVELOPMENTAL MATHEMATICS COURSE SEQUENCE IMPEDE SUCCESS IN COLLEGE ALGEBRA Hector Espinosa Gonzales Dissertation Chair: Judith Beauford, Ph.D. Committee Member: Glenn James, Ph.D. Committee Member: Joseph Lazor, Ph.D. University of the Incarnate Word, 2012 Community colleges are undergoing a transformation. Historically, they have been focused on improving access to higher education; now the focus has shifted to student success. This transformation is evident in the concerted effort to improve student graduation rates and decrease the amount of time spent to complete degrees. For community colleges, the key to this success must include reform and improvement in developmental education. Within developmental education, mathematics presents the biggest challenge for the largest number of students. It was found that many students fail to maintain continuous enrollment in their developmental mathematics course sequence (Bailey, 2009; Bailey & Cho, 2010; Bailey, Jeong, & Cho, 2010). Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of gaps or stop outs within the developmental mathematics course sequence on the successful completion of college algebra. The fall 2004 first-time-in-college cohort of students at a rural community college was selected for this study. Their record of enrollment in the developmental mathematics courses over a six-year period was collected. The enrollment data was
Unknown geometrical constraints estimation and trajectory planning for robotic door-opening task with visual teleoperation assists

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to enable autonomous door-opening with unknown geometrical constraints. Door-opening is a common action needed for mobile manipulators to perform rescue operation. However, it remains difficult for them to handle it in real rescue environments. The major difficulties of rescue manipulation involve contradiction between unknown geometrical constraints and limited sensors because of extreme physical constraints. Design/methodology/approach A method for estimating the unknown door geometrical parameters using coordinate transformation of the end-effector with visual teleoperation assists is proposed. A trajectory planning algorithm is developed using geometrical parameters from the proposed method. Findings The relevant experiments are also conducted using a manipulator suited to extreme physical constraints to open a real door with a locked latch and unknown geometrical parameters, which demonstrates the validity and efficiency of the proposed approach. Originality/value This is a novel method for estimating the unknown door geometrical parameters with coordinate transformation of the end-effector through visual teleoperation assists.
Image processing Occlusion Detection and Handling

Occlusion means hiding of an object by another object during multiple human tracking. For multiple object tracking, it is important to maintain the history of objects before and after occlusions. This paper highlights to fill the missing parts from the past history of a person if available, when occlusion is detected. When dealing with multiple objects tracking, we separate the object state into three parts: Before, during and after occlusion. An Improved Mean Shift Tracking algorithm (IMST) which is special for occlusion target tracking is used. Occlusion can be detected by calculating the centre of mass of both the objects and when the distance between them is zero. By comparing the frames, the occluded part is identified and the missing part is filled from the matched frame when occlusion is detected.
The Virtual Printshop: A case study on using Virtual Reality in early stages of user-centered product design

In the early stages of a product development process (PDP), VR can facilitate communication between designers and product end-users to improve the quality of feedback that user provide to designers. While various forms of VR can already be found in the PDP, they primarily target designers, rather than designers and end-users. Furthermore, available tools and toolkits do not match the skills and requirements of designers in early stages of the PDP. The current paper presents an approach that first identifies how to effectively support early stage design activities (referred to as the application) and subsequently provides designers with tools to realize this application themselves. The approach is implemented in an industrial case study involving practitioners from a multinational manufacturer of printing solutions for professional markets. The Virtual Printshop resulting from this case study provides an evaluation platform for various types of early stage product evaluations. A concluding generalization of the cases study results shows that the application can be translated to several other design domains. Furthermore, it was found that there are similarities in how these different design domains integrate VR design tools with their existing tool chains.
Control system design of A 4-DOF redundant haptic interface

In this work the steps made to date for the development of a 4 DOF redundant haptic interface are shown, with particular attention to the control system. After a brief presentation of the main characteristics of the device, of the kinematic structure of the mechanism and of the different methods used for the resolution of the inverse kinematics, the control problem is shown, together with experimental results obtained from several simulations. For simplicity reasons, all the simulations were done considering the device as a parallel kinematic manipulator.
Addition of flexible linkers to GPU-accelerated coarse-grained simulations of protein-protein docking

Multiprotein complexes are responsible for many vital cellular functions, and understanding their formation has many applications in medical research. Computer simulation has become a valuable tool in the study of biochemical processes, but simulation of large molecular structures such as proteins on a useful scale is computationally expensive. A compromise must be made between the level of detail at which a simulation can be performed, the size of the structures which can be modelled and the time scale of the simulation. Techniques which can be used to reduce the cost of such simulations include the use of coarse-grained models and parallelisation of the code. Parallelisation has recently been made more accessible by the advent of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), a consumer technology which has become an affordable alternative to more specialised parallel hardware. We extend an existing implementation of a Monte Carlo protein-protein docking simulation using the Kim and Hummer coarse-grained protein model [1] on a heterogeneous GPU-CPU architecture [2]. This implementation has achieved a significant speed-up over previous serial implementations as a result of the efficient parallelisation of its expensive non-bonded potential energy calculation on the GPU. Our contribution is the addition of the optional capability for modelling flexible linkers between rigid domains of a single protein. We implement additional Monte Carlo mutations to allow for movement of residues within linkers, and for movement of domains connected by a linker with respect to each other. We also add potential terms for pseudo-bonds, pseudo-angles and pseudo-torsions between residues to the potential calculation, and include additional residue pairs in the non-bonded potential sum. Our flexible linker code has been tested, validated and benchmarked. We find that the implementation is correct, and that the addition of the linkers does not significantly impact the performance of the simulation. This modification may be used to enable fast simulation of the interaction between component proteins in a multiprotein complex, in configurations which are constrained to preserve particular linkages between the proteins. We demonstrate this utility with a series of simulations of diubiquitin chains, comparing the structure of chains formed through all known linkages between two ubiquitin monomers. We find reasonable agreement between our simulated structures and experimental data on the characteristics of diubiquitin chains in solution.
Neuropilin 2 Signaling Mediates Corticostriatal Transmission, Spine Maintenance, and Goal-Directed Learning in Mice

The striatum represents the main input structure of the basal ganglia, receiving massive excitatory input from the cortex and the thalamus. The development and maintenance of cortical input to the striatum is crucial for all striatal function including many forms of sensorimotor integration, learning, and action control. The molecular mechanisms regulating the development and maintenance of corticostriatal synaptic transmission are unclear. Here we show that the guidance cue, Semaphorin 3F and its receptor Neuropilin 2 (Nrp2), influence dendritic spine maintenance, corticostriatal short-term plasticity, and learning in adult male and female mice. We found that Nrp2 is enriched in adult layer V pyramidal neurons, corticostriatal terminals, and in developing and adult striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs). Loss of Nrp2 increases SPN excitability and spine number, reduces short-term facilitation at corticostriatal synapses, and impairs goal-directed learning in an instrumental task. Acute deletion of Nrp2 selectively in adult layer V cortical neurons produces a similar increase in the number of dendritic spines and presynaptic modifications at the corticostriatal synapse in the Nrp2−/− mouse, but does not affect the intrinsic excitability of SPNs. Furthermore, conditional loss of Nrp2 impairs sensorimotor learning on the accelerating rotarod without affecting goal-directed instrumental learning. Collectively, our results identify Nrp2 signaling as essential for the development and maintenance of the corticostriatal pathway and may shed novel insights on neurodevelopmental disorders linked to the corticostriatal pathway and Semaphorin signaling. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The corticostriatal pathway controls sensorimotor, learning, and action control behaviors and its dysregulation is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we demonstrate that Neuropilin 2 (Nrp2), a receptor for the axon guidance cue semaphorin 3F, has important and previously unappreciated functions in the development and adult maintenance of dendritic spines on striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs), corticostriatal short-term plasticity, intrinsic physiological properties of SPNs, and learning in mice. Our findings, coupled with the association of Nrp2 with ASD in human populations, suggest that Nrp2 may play an important role in ASD pathophysiology. Overall, our work demonstrates Nrp2 to be a key regulator of corticostriatal development, maintenance, and function, and may lead to better understanding of neurodevelopmental disease mechanisms.