Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification of Metallic Targets Using a Walk-Through Metal Detection Portal

Metal detectors have been used for a long time for treasure hunting, security screening, and finding buried objects such as landmines or unexploded ordnance. Walk-through metal detection (WTMD) portals are used for making sure that forbidden or threatening metallic items, such as knives or guns, are not carried into secure areas at critical locations such as airports, court rooms, embassies, and prisons. The 9/11 terrorist act has given rise to stricter rules for aviation security worldwide, and the ensuing tighter security procedures have meant that passengers face more delays at airports. Moreover, the fear of terrorism has led to the adoption of security screening technology in a variety of places such as railway and coach stations, sports events, malls, and nightclubs. However, the current WTMD technology and scanning procedures at airports require that all metallic items be removed from clothing prior to scanning, causing inconvenience. Furthermore, alarms are triggered by innocuous items such as shoe shanks and artificial joints, along with overlooked items such as jewellery and belts. These lead to timeconsuming, manual pat-down searches, which are found inconvenient, uncomfortable, and obtrusive by some. Modern WTMD portals are very sensitive devices that can detect items with only small amounts of metal, but they currently lack the ability to further classify the detected item. However, if a WTMD portal were able to classify objects reliably into, e.g., “knives”, “belts”, “keys”, the need for removing the items prior to screening would disappear, enabling a paradigm shift in the field of security screening. This thesis is based on novel research presented in five peer-reviewed publications. The scope of the problem has been narrowed down to a situation in which only one metallic item is carried through the portal at a time. However, the methods and results presented in this thesis can be generalized into a multi-object scenario. It has been shown that by using a WTMD portal and the magnetic polarisability tensor, it is possible to accurately distinguish between threatening and innocuous targets and to classify them into 10 to 13 arbitrary classes. Furthermore, a data library consisting of natural walk-throughs has been collected, and it has been demonstrated that the walk-through data collected with the above portal are subject to phenomena that might affect classification, in particular a bias and the so-called body effect. However, the publications show that, by using realistic walk-through data, high classification accuracy can be maintained regardless of the above problems. Furthermore, a self-diagnostics method for detecting unreliable samples has also been presented with potential to significantly increase classification accuracy and the reliability of decision making. The contributions presented in this thesis have a variety of implications in the field of WTMD-based security screening. The novel technology offers more information, such as
Enterprise mobile cloud application for textilecyberpreneurs: big data issues, challenges andopportunities

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) paradigm is relatively new and still being studied by researchers in academic and industry. MCC has embarked the development of various mobile cloud applications in many sectors including mobile commerce. In Malaysia, the online business entrepreneurs in the textile industry or textile cyberpreneurs are searching for new opportunities to expand their business, thus enterprise mobile cloud application may perhaps be suitable to be utilized. At the same time, cloud computing is often being related to Big Data issues which are still under scrutiny by researchers. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the needs to conduct comprehensive studies in tailoring the enterprise mobile cloud application specifically for textile cyberpreneurs in Malaysia. Related issues and challenges regarding the cyberpreneurship in Malaysia are still debated among researchers and practitioners especially in managing and organizing big data in order to become more competitive and reliable in business. Therefore, the preliminary study through several literatures in big data, textile industry and enterprise mobile cloud applications are also presented in this paper along with the proposed research methodology of the study.
Error Probability due to Clipping in Subcarrier Multiplexed Fiber-Optic Transmission Systems

Fehlerwahrscheinlichkeit aufgrund des Begrenzungseffektes in optischen Übertragungssystemen mit Untertrrägertechnik Abstract Intensity-modulated fiberoptic subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) transmission systems are distorted by impulsive noise from the clipping effect in optical transmitters due to the fact that the emitted optical power has to be positive and cannot become negative. The properties of the impulsive noise, such as the slowly decreasing probability density function are pointed out. For the transmission of digital QAM signals in SCM systems, the symbol error probability due to the impulsive noise is calculated analytically. The results from the analytical calculations are compared with numerical simulations. Furthermore, different methods for reduction of the error probability are discussed.
IFMT performance assessment on a point-to-point oriented multimedia broadband communication scenario

** This paper tackles the problem of quantifying the gain introduced by different Fade Mitigation techniques or by the combination of several of these techniques in a point-topoint broadband communication scenario. The proposed method relies on the definition of a system exploiting only state of the art IFMTs that will be considered as a benchmark. The performance of this reference system will be evaluated and then novel IFMTs, and in particular ACM, will be introduced. The gain obtained by the advanced system, designed with an optimized combination of IFMTs, will be calculated in terms of availability, capacity and coverage.
A Novel Smooth Gauss–Semi-Markov Mobility Model for Mobile Wireless Networks

Abstract Mobility model serves as the basis of protocol design and simulation in mobile wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a novel mobility model for mobile wireless networks, named smooth Gauss–semi-Markov (SGM) mobility model. Introducing Gauss and semi-Markov processes, the model can characterize the smooth movement of mobile users in accordance with the physical law of motion in order to eliminate sharp turns, abrupt speed change and sudden stops exhibited by existing mobility models. The SGM model consists of five consecutive phases: acceleration phase, stable phase, turn phase, deceleration phase and pause phase, including almost all kinds of movement states in realistic conditions. Through stochastic analysis, we prove mathematically the time stationary average speed and uniform spatial node distribution in the SGM model. The model can be easily and flexibly applied for simulating node mobility in mobile wireless networks. By adjusting parameters, many existing mobility models widely used at present, such as the Random Walk, Random Direction, Modified Random Direction, Gauss–Markov, Semi-Markov Smooth, Smooth Random mobility models, etc., can be derived from the SGM model. We show the unity and generality of the SGM model by NS-2 simulations.
Flavonoid Nobiletin Exhibits Differential Effects on Cell Viability in Keratinocytes Exposed to UVA versus UVB Radiation

The polymethoxylated flavonoid nobiletin has been shown to suppress inflammatory responses to UVB radiation and to enhance circadian rhythms. Because expression of the core nucleotide excision repair (NER) factor XPA and the rate of removal of UV photoproducts from DNA are regulated by the circadian clock, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of nobiletin in UVB-exposed cells could be due in part to enhanced NER. Though nobiletin limited UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes from undergoing cell death, we found that this enhanced survival was not associated with increased NER or XPA expression. Instead, nobiletin reduced initial UV photoproduct formation and promoted a G1 cell cycle arrest. We then examined the implications of this findings for exposures to solar radiation through use of a solar simulated light (SSL) source that contains primarily UVA radiation. In striking contrast to the results obtained with UVB radiation, nobiletin instead sensitized keratinocytes to both the SSL and a more defined UVA light source. This enhanced cell death was correlated with a photochemical change in nobiletin absorption spectrum in the UVA range. We conclude that nobiletin is unlikely to be a useful compound for protecting keratinocytes against the harmful effects of solar UV radiation.
Improved control of DFIG-based wind turbines for frequency response and power oscillation damping

This paper investigates an improved inertia control strategy of variable speed wind turbines, which provides with a novel approach to dynamic characteristics enhancement during frequency and oscillation events. Based on the analysis of the impacts of frequency control on inter-area power oscillation, an improved frequency control scheme of wind turbines is proposed. In this scheme, a first-order lag differential control loop is added in traditional PD controller, so that the frequency regulation and power oscillation damping functions are combined in one unified controller to enhance the interconnected network stability, moreover it is easier for setting the parameters. A typical two-area system containing three synchronous generators and a DFIG based wind turbine with high wind penetration is tested to validate the proposed control strategies. Simulation results show that wind farms can provide rapid frequency response and positive oscillation damping using the proposed control strategy. Therefore, the dynamic stability of the grid with high wind power penetration can be significantly improved.
Analysis of slot-loaded rectangular microstrip patch antenna

In the present paper, the analysis of a slot-loaded rectangular microstrip patch antenna using equivalent circuit concept is presented. The slot is taken as a capacitive reactance on the patch. It is found that the resonance frequency decreases with increasing slot width for a given slot length. The decrease in the resonance frequency is in the higher side for longer slot length, whereas it is on the minimum side for the lower slot length. It is found that VSWR remains almost invariant with slot width and slot length. The impedance increases almost linearly with the slot width, but inversely with the slot length.
12th European Workshop on Advanced Control and Diagnosis (ACD 2015)

The 12th European Workshop on Advanced Control and Diagnosis (ACD 2015) took place at the Research Centre NTIS - New Technologies for the Information Society, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, on November 19 - 20, 2015. The annual European Workshop on Advanced Control and Diagnosis has been organized since 2003 by Control Engineering departments of several European universities in Germany, France, the UK, Poland, Italy, Hungary, and Denmark to bring together senior and junior academics and engineers from diverse fields of automatic control, fault detection, and signal processing. The workshop provides an opportunity for researchers and developers to present their recent theoretical developments, practical applications, or even open problems. It also offers a great opportunity for industrial partners to express their needs and priorities and to review the current activities in the fields. A total of 74 papers have been submitted for ACD 2015. Based on the peer reviews 48 papers were accepted for the oral presentation and 10 papers for the poster presentation. The accepted papers covered areas of control theory and applications, identification, estimation, signal processing, and fault detection. In addition, four excellent plenary lectures were delivered by Prof. Fredrik Gustafsson (Automotive Sensor Mining for Tire Pressure Monitoring), Prof. Vladimír Havlena (Advanced Process Control for Energy Efficiency), Prof. Silvio Simani (Advanced Issues on Wind Turbine Modelling and Control), and Prof. Robert Babuška (Learning Control in Robotics). The ACD 2015 was for the first time in the workshop history co-sponsored by the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC). On behalf of the ACD 2015 organising committee, we would like to thank all those who prepared and submitted papers, participated in the peer review process, supported, and attended the workshop.
Comprehensive Evaluation for the Performance of Electro-Hydraulic Actuator Based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

In order to acquire the comprehensive performance of the electro-hydraulic actuator,the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(F-AHP) is applied to comprehensively evaluate the actuator's performance.The evaluating indicator architecture is established firstly,then the working principle of F-AHP is analyzed.The specific evaluation process based on F-AHP is applied with the actual testing data of a actuator.Experiment data shows that F-AHP can quantize the comprehensive performance,and the method is not only valid to the evaluation for the performance of the electro-hydraulic actuator,but also valid to other complex weapon systems.
Sentiment-Topic Dynamics on COVID-19 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder using Online Published Researches

This paper will analyze the COVID-19 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD) researches retrieved from PubMed and other online sources to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health leading to PSTD. The Sentiment Classifier and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) were used to detect the topic relevant to post-traumatic stress disorder. The finding revealed a negative sentiment while the use of Latent Dirichlet Allocation determined the critical issue “COVID”. The results suggest further study of the stress and other traumatic experiences bought by the COVID.
Wearable tri-band SIW based antenna on leather substrate

A compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based wearable tri-band leather antenna, designed for optimal on-body performance in the 2.4 GHz (ISM), 3.51 GHz (WiMAX) and 4.69 GHz (Military application) bands is proposed. By using brass eyelets and a combination of conducting and non-conductive leather materials, a substrate integrated waveguide cavity with a ground plane is realised. The antenna is very compact, flexible and directs radiation away from the wearer . Additional miniaturisation is achieved by introducing slits. The free space performance in the bands is found satisfactory with measured impedance bandwidths of 11, 7 and 5%, maximal measured free-space gains of 1.1, 0.9 and 2.1 dBi, and efficiencies of 71.3%, 68.2% and 76.5% achieved for the proposed antenna.
Characteristics and performance of MVHR systemsA meta study of MVHR systems used in the Innovate UK Building Performance Evaluation Programme

This meta-study was commissioned by Innovate UK as part of the Building Performance Evaluation (BPE) Programme to provide an overview of the performance and use of whole-house heat recovery ventilation (MVHR) systems in domestic projects. With increasing requirements for energy reduction, the impact of ventilation strategies has increased in importance, both in terms of energy reduction and indoor air quality (IAQ). The primary aims of this meta-study are to: 1. Review the characteristics of installed systems in relation to air flow, system balance and compare to existing published guidelines, particularly those contained in the relevant Building Regulations documents; 2. Investigate, via surveys and interviews, the reasons for selecting MVHR as a ventilation strategy on a development and experience of MVHR systems in practice; 3. Review available monitored data to investigate the performance of houses with MVHR systems; 4. Determine the key features of MVHR systems with respect to the quality of their design and installation and commissioning procedures.
Introduction of a fully dynamic representation of leakage into network modelling studies using Epanet

The paper presents a practical implementation of fully pressure-dependent leakage specifications in routine network modelling studies of the water distribution system. This enhance- ment yields a capability to construct models which, following calibration, are capable of respond- ing automatically in their leakage figures to the pressures created in any chosen operational (or planning based) scenario. The procedure is demonstrated using the EPANET-2 software package, which is freely available from the world-wide web (www), and is applied to 58 small "District- Metered-Area" (DMA) networks in the UK. The direct benefits to the water utility are that leakage will self adjust automatically according to the designated flow scenario (ie hottest day, time horizon forecast etc), it being fully driven by the system pressures arising. This enables operational and planning scenarios to be run with only the primary elements of demand (ie domestic and trade/industrial) pre-determined. Leakage is distrib- uted across the system according to number of connections (or length of mains) as well as the local pressures. Leakage levels are first set from field monitoring and model calibration and can be updated as the status of the infrastructure changes. The procedure leads to the highest achievable accuracy in total daily leakage assessment, and post-processing of demand using the pressure dictated leak- age, significantly improves the quality of domestic consumption statistics (per capita consumption (PCC) and profile). Pressure management, involving PRV installation and possible re-zoning, is sim- ulated in full accord with the hydraulic situation (without need for leakage data re-evaluation) and so produces highly reliable estimates of water savings, etc.
GREEN: An Experimental System Generating Summary of Japanese Editorials by Combining Multiple Discourse Characteristics

This paper describes an experimental system GREEN for summarizing Japanese texts. Analyzing several aspects of discourse phenomena is in general indispensable to make a summary of good quality because each linguistic phenomenon mutually affects in a complex manner. From this point of view, we have developed a system GREEN, which is capable of summarizing Japanese editorial newspaper articles. This system uses several surface linguistic characteristics appeared in Japanese texts. We evaluate the performance of the system using a method of questionnaire where human subjects evaluate the quality of the summaries generated by the system.
Calculation of sensitivity coefficients using CMAQ-DDM for individual airport emissions in the United States

Scott T. Boone: Calculation of Sensitivity Coefficients Using CMAQ-DDM for Individual Airport Emissions in the United States. (Under the direction of Saravanan Arunachalam and Marc Serre) The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model instrumented with the Direct Decoupled Method in three dimensions (DDM-3D), an advanced method for sensitivity analysis of chemical transport models, is used to quantify individual impacts of large and mid-size US airports on ambient air quality. Sensitivity coefficients are generated for six precursor species groups, allowing estimations of O3 and PM2.5 concentrations from each of 66 individual airports. Airports were divided into groups, minimizing interference and allowing more airports to be analyzed while keeping total simulation runtimes as low as possible. Chorded aviation activity data from the Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT) were used to generate speciated emissions along flight tracks during landing and takeoff (LTO) activities. Sensitivity grids were generated for ozone and primary and secondary components of fine particulate matter for the 66 airports in the domain. Emissions from these airports account for 61% of flights and 77% of fuel burn in the 2005 AEDT inventory; sensitivities from these airports account for 73% of total aviation LTO PM2.5 sensitivities and 57% of total aviation LTO O3 sensitivities in the domain. Aircraft LTO operations for all airports in the domain were found to be responsible for an increase in annual average PM2.5 concentrations of 2.4×10−3 μg/m3 nationwide (0.038% of PM2.5 concentrations from all sources), with this level climbing to as high as 0.025 μg/m3 near major airports. Ozone concentrations displayed an annual domain average 8-hr max sensitivity of 1.8×10−2 ppbv (0.036% of O3 concentrations from all sources). Sensitivity to PM2.5 precursor emissions from individual airports was often far-reaching.
A Hierarchical Tree Code Based Approach for Ecient Conjunction Analysis

Conjunction analysis is the study of possible collisions between objects in space. This analysis is typically aimed at reducing the number of collisions between manmade objects and debris currently orbiting the Earth. A standard approach requires the computation of all possible interactions in orbit. A new method is proposed utilizing a kd-tree along with the Hellinger distance to determine the probability of collision between space debris. It is assumed that all debris is of negligible size, with Gaussian errors in position. It is found that kd-tree based methods signicantly reduce computational cost while obtaining comparable results.
Analysis of the times involved in processing and communication in a lower limb simulation system controlled by SEMG

Virtual reality has been proposed for different applications, including the evaluation of new control strategies and training protocols for upper limb prostheses and for the study of new rehabilitation programs. In this study, a lower limb simulation environment commanded by surface electromyography signals is evaluated. The time delays generated by the acquisition and processing stages for the signals that would command the knee joint, were measured and different acquisition windows were analysed. The subjective perception of the quality of simulation was also evaluated when extra delays were added to the process. The results showed that the acquisition window is responsible for the longest delay. Also, the basic implemented processes allowed for the acquisition of three signal channels for commanding the simulation. Finally, the communication between different applications is arguably efficient, although it depends on the amount of data to be sent.
Rethinking the Airplane Design Process - An Early 21st Century Perspective

The present paper is a continuation of the authors’ previous examinations of the historical context and suite of issues surrounding the putative decline in aeronautics in this country. The purpose of this paper is three-fold: 1) to reexamine the airplane design process in the light of advances in both computational methods and “robot airplane” (UAV, cruise missile, etc) technology; 2) to identify specific opportunities to circumvent some traditional limits imposed by either cost or the capability of traditional test facilities in the validation of new or unconventional designs; and 3) to discuss some implications for aerospace engineering education and subsequent professional development efforts needed to attract and prepare a future generation of airplane design talent. A basic message of the paper is that while aeronautics may indeed be a “maturing industry” (at least in some major traditional product areas), there is much that we can and should do to create a vision of our future as vivid as that which has driven our past as a means to attract a future generation of engineers.