Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbial 13C utilization patterns via stable isotope probing of phospholipid biomarkers in Mojave Desert soils exposed to ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2

Changes in plant inputs under changing atmospheric CO2 can be expected to alter the size and/or functional characteristics of soil microbial communities which can determine whether soils are a C sink or source. Stable isotope probing was used to trace autotrophically fixed 13C into phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers in Mojave Desert soils planted with the desert shrub, Larrea tridentata. Seedlings were pulse‐labeled with 13CO2 under ambient and elevated CO2 in controlled environmental growth chambers. The label was chased into the soil by extracting soil PLFAs after labeling at Days 0, 2, 10, 24, and 49. Eighteen of 29 PLFAs identified showed 13C enrichment relative to nonlabeled control soils. Patterns of PLFA enrichment varied temporally and were similar for various PLFAs found within a microbial functional group. Enrichment of PLFA 13C generally occurred within the first 2 days in general and fungal biomarkers, followed by increasingly greater enrichment in bacterial biomarkers as the study progressed (Gram‐negative, Gram‐positive, actinobacteria). While treatment CO2 level did not affect total PLFA‐C concentrations, microbial functional group abundances and distribution responded to treatment CO2 level and these shifts persisted throughout the study. Specifically, ratios of bacterial‐to‐total PLFA‐C decreased and fungal‐to‐bacterial PLFA‐C increased under elevated CO2 compared with ambient conditions. Differences in the timing of 13C incorporation into lipid biomarkers coupled with changes in microbial functional groups indicate that microbial community characteristics in Mojave Desert soils have shifted in response to long‐term exposure to increased atmospheric CO2.
α‐Adrenoceptor constrictor responses and their modulation in slow‐twitch and fast‐twitch mouse skeletal muscle

Vasoconstrictor responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and their sensitivity to metabolic modulation reportedly differ in fast‐twitch and slow‐twitch muscles, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Both α1‐ and α2‐adrenoceptors mediate these vascular responses in fast‐twitch muscle, while their roles in slow‐twitch muscle are less well defined. In this study, the phosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin regulatory light chain (smRLC) was measured as an index of vasoconstriction in slow‐twitch soleus muscles and fast‐twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles isolated from C57BL/6J mice. In soleus muscles, incubation with phenylephrine (PE) or UK 14,304 to selectively activate α1‐ or α2‐adrenoceptors resulted in concentration‐dependent increases in smRLC phosphorylation. To evaluate metabolic modulation of these responses, vasodilator pathways previously implicated in such modulation in fast‐twitch muscle were activated in soleus muscles by treatment with the nitric oxide (NO) donor nitroprusside or the ATP‐sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener cromakalim. Both drugs inhibited responses to UK 14,304, but not to PE. The effect of nitroprusside to antagonize UK 14,304 responses was prevented by inhibition of guanylyl cyclase or by blockade of KATP channels, but not by blockade of other potassium channels. Results were similar in EDL muscles. These data provide the first evidence for α2‐adrenoceptor‐mediated constriction in slow‐twitch muscle, and show that it is sensitive to modulation by NO via a cGMP‐dependent mechanism that requires KATP channel activation. Based on the similar findings in soleus and EDL muscles, fibre type does not appear to determine the innate vascular response to α1‐ or α2‐adrenoceptor activation.
CYP17, CYP19, and NQO1 genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer susceptibility in young women in Brazil.

collaboration between all authors. Author the protocol, collected data, performed laboratory and statistical analysis and the first draft of the manuscript. Author GPOJ participated in data and biological samples collection. Authors RK and SK designed the study and guided all the analyses of the study. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. ABSTRACT Aims: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, being exposure to estrogens the acknowledged main risk factor. CYP17, CYP19 and NQO1 are enzymes involved in the estrogen metabolism, so their polymorphisms may be involved in breast carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of the association between CYP17 MspA1 , CYP19 Arg 264 Cys, and NQO1 C 609 T polymorphisms and breast cancer in young women. Methods: This is a hospital-based case-control study carried out in Rio de Janeiro. Cases were 270 women with age range 18-35 years and a histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer adjustment for selected confounders. Conclusion: This study suggests that the NQO1 609 T polymorphism may be a risk factor for breast carcinogenesis in women less than 36 years in Brazil.
LORE: A Large-Scale Offer Recommendation Engine Through the Lens of an Online Subscription Service

The majority of online market platforms and streaming platforms such as Amazon, Netflix, Spotify, etc. offer subscription based membership plans to access some/all of their products. In order to appeal to diverse customer groups, these services typically offer more than one type of plan. In this paper, we propose solutions to optimally recommend subscription plans to maximize user acquisition constrained by user eligibility and plan capacity (limited headcount per plan) simultaneously. We achieve this through a plan recommendation model based on Min-Cost Flow network optimization, which enables us to satisfy the constraints within the optimization itself and solve it in polynomial time. We present three approaches that can be used in various settings: a single period solution, sequential time period offering, and a clustering for large scale setting. We evaluate these approaches using offline policy evaluation methods and demonstrate their value. We also discuss some practical issues in the implementation and online performance.
Interaction among agents via a social network in computational social choice. (Interaction entre agents modélisée par un réseau social dans des problématiques de choix social computationnel)

Le choix social repose sur l’etude de la prise de decision collective, ou un ensemble d’individus doit convenir d’une solution commune en fonction des preferences de ses membres. Le probleme revient a determiner comment agreger les preferences de differents agents en une decision acceptable pour le groupe. Typiquement, les agents interagissent dans des processus de decision collective, notamment en collaborant ou en echangeant des informations. Il est communement suppose que tout agent est capable d’interagir avec n’importe quel autre. Or, cette hypothese parait irrealiste pour de nombreuses situations. On propose de relâcher cette hypothese en considerant que la possibilite d’interaction est determinee par un reseau social, represente par un graphe sur les agents. Dans un tel contexte, on etudie deux problemes de choix social : le vote strategique et l’allocation de ressources. L’analyse se concentre sur deux types d’interaction : la collaboration entre les agents, et la collecte d’information. On s’interesse a l’impact du reseau social, modelisant une possibilite de collaboration entre les agents ou une relation de visibilite, sur la resolution et les solutions de problemes de vote et d’allocation de ressources. Nos travaux s’inscrivent dans le cadre du choix social computationnel, en utilisant pour ces questions des outils provenant de la theorie des jeux algorithmique et de la theorie de la complexite.
Electron transport to nitrogenase in Rhodospirillum rubrum: the role of NAD(P)H as electron donor an

The role of the reactions of the TCA cycle in the generation of reductant for nitrogenase in Rhodospirillum rubrum has been investigated. Addition of fluoroacetate inhibited nitrogenase activity almost completely when pyruvate or endogenous sources were used as electron donors, whereas the inhibition was incomplete when malate, succinate or fumarate were used. Addition of NAD(P)H to cells supported nitrogenase activity, both with and without prior addition of fluoroacetate. We suggest that the role of the TCA cycle in nitrogen fixation in R. rubrum is to generate reduced pyridine nucleotides which are oxidized by the components of the electron transport pathway to nitrogenase.
New insights into protein recommendations for promoting muscle hypertrophy

8 Introduction The field of protein nutrition continues to rapidly evolve. As a result, guidelines on protein recommendations for athletes are regularly being updated and refined. This article focuses on recent developments regarding protein recommendations for promoting muscle hypertrophy. The current guidelines on protein intakes for athletes range from 1.2-1.7 grams per kilogram body mass per day (Rodriguez et al., 2009). However, we believe that guidelines on protein recommendations for promoting muscle hypertrophy are more complex than simply recommending a daily total protein intake (Tipton & Witard, 2007). A primary driver of muscle hypertrophy is the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) during exercise recovery. The interplay between several factors-including the source, pattern and timing of dietary protein intake-regulate the postprandial (after feeding) stimulation of MPS during exercise recovery that, over time, underpins muscle hypertrophy (Tipton & Witard, 2007). As such, guidelines that consider each factor, or better still the interaction between these factors, will provide a more evidence-based approach to making more precise protein recommendations for athletes.
Wet‐ vs. Dry‐Season Transpiration in an Amazonian Rain Forest Palm Iriartea deltoidea

The wet and dry seasons in tropical rain forests can differ in precipitation, soil moisture and irradiance more significantly than often assumed. This could potentially affect the water relations of many tree species that may exhibit either increased transpiration in the dry season as a response to the increased irradiance or decreased transpiration as a result of decreases in soil moisture and increases in atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Atmospheric data, soil moisture data and sap fluxes in Iriartea deltoidea palms were measured in eastern Ecuador during the wet and dry seasons. There were no differences between total daily sap fluxes in I. deltoidea palms during the wet and dry seasons; however, evaporative demand was significantly higher in the dry season and therefore, transpiration was more restricted by stomatal closure during the dry season than the wet season. This is likely the result of larger atmospheric VPD during the dry season compared with the wet season and possibly the result of reduced soil moisture availability. Additionally, based on published tree abundances in this area, measured sap fluxes in I. deltoidea were scaled up to the hectare level. Transpiration from I. deltoidea palms was estimated to be around 0.03 mm/d, which could represent about 1 percent of total transpiration in this area of the Amazon rain forest. If climate change predictions for more lengthy tropical dry periods are realized, greater stomatal control of dry‐season sap flux has the potential to become even more prevalent in tropical species.
Enzymatic conversion of biomass for fuels production.

Bioconversion for Production of Renewable Transportation Fuels in the United States: A Strategic Perspective Cellulase and Xylanase Systems of Thermotoga neapolitana Structure-Function Studies of Endo-1,4-*b-D-glucanase E2 from Thermomonospora fusca Role of Cellulose-Binding Domain of Cellobiohydrolase I in Cellulose Hydrolysis CelS: A Major Exoglucanese Component of Clostridium thermocellum Cellulosome Plant Endo-1,4-*b-D-glucanases: Structure, Properties, and Physiological Function Approaches to Cellulase Purification Cellobiose Dehydrogenase: A Hemoflavoenzyme from Phanerochaete chrysoporium Cellulase Production Technology: Evaluation of Current Status Cellulase Assays: Methods from Empirical Mathematical Models Components of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase Complex on Crystalline Cellulose: Three-Dimensional Visualization with Colloidal Gold Deposition of Metallic Platinum in Blue-Green Algae Cells Genetic Engineering Approaches for Enhanced Production of Biodiesel Fuel from Microalgae Microbial and Enzymatic Biofuel Cells Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Bioconversion of Wood Residues: Mechanisms Involved in Pretreating and Hydrolyzing Lignocellulosic Materials Development of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms for Ethanol Production Kinetic Consequences of High Ratios of Substrate to Enzyme Saccharification Systems Based on Trichoderma Cellulase Pectin-Rich Residues Generated by Processing of Citrus Fruits, Apples, and Sugar Beets: Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Biological Conversion to Value-Added Products Silage Processing of Forage Biomass to Alcohol Fuel Conversion of Hemicellulose Hydrolyzates to Ethanol Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Solid Waste: Enhanced Cellulolytic Capacity Through High-Solids Operation Compared to Conventional Low-Solids Systems Role of Acetyl Esterase in Biomass Conversion Metabolism of Xylose and Xylitol by Pachysolen tannophilus
Optimal Asset Allocation for a Portfolio of Cointegrated Commodity-ETF Pairs

A portfolio of commodity index-ETF pairs was constructed and its performance was compared against the Bloomberg commodity index. The portfolio was trained on data from 2011 to 2014 to determine the optimal parameters for trade-execution thresholds. Using these parameters and the optimal exposures found from optimizing the risk-adjusted expected returns, the trading strategy was tested from 2015 to 2018 with the portfolio re-balanced at the beginning of each year. Comparing the returns of the portfolio against the Bloomberg Barclays Commodities Index as a benchmark, it was found that the portfolio outperformed the benchmark in total returns and Sharpe ratio for 2015, 2017, and 2018, but it under-performed for both metrics in 2016. Performing a paired t-test on the portfolio and benchmark returns proved that the portfolio does not signiﬁcantly outperform the benchmark in any given year.
Terminaison de la traduction et translecture chez Saccharomces cerevisiae

La terminaison de la traduction intervient lorsqu'un ribosome rencontre un codon stop. Ce dernier est alors reconnu par le facteur eRF1p qui, en interaction avec eRF3p, provoque l'arret de la synthese proteique. L'efficacite de terminaison de la traduction est determinee par le contexte nucleotidique du codon stop. Ainsi, le contexte peut reprogrammer le codon stop en permettant aux ribosomes d'incorporer un ARNt avec une forte efficacite, on parle alors de translecture. J'ai demontre que chez S. cerevisiae les six nucleotides en 3' du codon stop sont determinants dans l'efficacite de translecture, et que le motif general -CA(A/G)N(T/C/G)A- permet d'obtenir les plus fortes efficacites de passage des codons stop. Mon travail met en evidence que la translecture, identifiee jusqu'a present uniquement dans des genes viraux, est aussi retrouvee dans des genes nucleaires. Elle permet de modifier l'expression des proteines concernees, en fonction des conditions environnementales. C'est notamment le cas du gene PDE2, pour lequel j'ai montre que la translecture permet de controler la stabilite de la phosphodiesterase de l'AMPc, et module ainsi le niveau d'AMPc intracellulaire. L'augmentation du niveau d'AMPc observee dans une souche [PSI+] pourrait permettre d'expliquer la grande diversite des phenotypes associes au facteur [PSI+]. Durant ce travail d'autre genes soumis a un mecanisme de translecture ont ete identifies : il s'agit des genes IMP3 et BSC4. Pour certains des autres candidats identifies par notre approche "sans apriori", l'efficacite de translecture est independante de la concentration en facteur eRF3p. Ce resultat pourrait signifier qu'au niveau de ces codons stop, le mecanisme de terminaison est independant du facteur eRF3p. Le crible d'une banque multicopie d'ADNg m'a permis d'identifier de nouveaux candidats intervenant dans la terminaison de la traduction, ces resultats suggerent une relation fonctionelle importante entre le cytosquelette et la terminaison de la traduction. L'etude des modifications des ARNt a mis en evidence le role important de la pseudouridination aux positions 38 et 39 dans les mecanismes de recodage (translecture et decalage du cadre de lecture). Ce travail a donc mis en evidence que la terminaison de la traduction est un point de controle de l'expression de certains genes chez S. cerevisiae.
The Dynamics of Vocal, Morphological and Molecular Interaction between Hybridizing Black-Capped and Carolina Chickadees

Title of Dissertation: THE DYNAMICS OF VOCAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR INTERACTION BETWEEN HYBRIDIZING BLACK-CAPPED AND CAROLINA CHICKADEES Eugene Donald Sattler, Doctor of Philosophy, 1996 Dissertation directed by: Michael J. Braun, Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, and Lin Chao, Associate Professor, Department of Zoology Previous investigation of genetic interactions between black-capped and Carolina chickadees (Parus atricapillus and E. carolinensis) has been hindered by their morphological similarity, and by a paucity of differentiated genetic markers distinguishing them. Nine fixed or strongly differentiated restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were developed, and one strongly differentiated allozyme locus was detected. These markers were used in conjunction with one fixed allozyme marker and three fixed RFLP markers previously available for these birds to examine interactions along their contact zone at three locations. A principal component analysis of mass, wing length and tail length revealed minimal morphological intermediacy at the contact zone in Virginia, in contrast with more extensive intermediacy at the contact zone in West Virginia, despite high levels of hybridization at both locations. This reflects the unreliable nature of these morphometric characters in reflecting genetic interactions occurring along this hybrid zone, due to the poor morphometric resolution of E. atricapillus and E. carolinensis. Principal component and discriminant analysis of eight frequency and note duration variables showed songs of intermediate nature to be present only at the contact zone in Missouri, while bilingual singing was widespread both in Missouri and West virginia, but limited in Virginia. The proportion of hybrids detected by the diagnostic genetic markers was high at all three of these regions, demonstrating that like morphology, use of song is unreliable in assessing genetic interactions between E. atricapillus and E.carolinensis. Heterospecific song learning between these chickadees is a potential explanation for this result. Introgression of mitochondrial DNA across the hybrid zone was limited relative to autosomal introgression at all three locations. This observation is consistent with the potential operation of Haldane's rule in F, hybrids. Introgression of sex-linked markers was likewise limited, suggesting that epistatic interactions involving sexlinked genes contribute to reproductive isolation between these chickadees. In contrast, introgression at autosomal loci appears to be more sUbstantial overall, reflecting the semipermeable nature of this hybrid zone. A correlation between allele frequency and elevation suggests that ecological factors are also important to this hybrid zone's dynamics.
A molecular phylogenetic relationship of certain species of Argyranthemum found in the Canary Islands of Spain on the basis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)

Seeds of eight species and one subspecies of Argyranthemum were experimentally collected, sown, germinated, cultivated and then, their ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) were molecularly studied to find interspecific relationships and phylogenetic trees of their relationships. The ITS base sequence of Argyranthemum callichrysum was found and described here for the first time. Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. succulentum and A. webbi were very closely related with each other concerning the phylogenetic trees of ITS base sequences. Additionally, A. callichrysum and A. broussonetii were also very closely related with each other concerning the phylogenetic trees of ITS base sequences. On the other hand, Glebionis coronaria (L.) P. Trehane was included in the clade of Argyranthemum species, according to their ITS sequences. Especially, G. coronaria was closely related with A. callichrysum than the other Argiranthemum species studied.
A CASE REPORT: A MOTHER WITH SECONDARY INFERTILITY

Aims: Secondary infertility is a disease where women with a firstborn are not able to have a child again. In this case report, we wanted to observe a whole process of a patient with secondary infertility and investigate the causes and whether there are any solutions for it. Case Report: A 41-year-old female patient presented to the clinic with the complaint of not being able to get pregnant. First thoughts about the patient were focused on infertility however, she had a child before. Therefore, further investigations were needed. After the investigations, she was diagnosed with secondary infertility because no rational reasons were able to clarify her disease. Conclusion: Nowadays, secondary infertility is still a major health problem and no medications or treatments are enough to resolve this problem. The most common theory is the H-Y antigen hypothesis, but still, there is not enough evidence for this theory to be proven.
Purification and Characterization of Glutathione S-transferase π from Human Placental Tissues

= Abstract = Human placental glutathione S-transferase(GST - 7[ ) was purified to the appa­ rent homgeneity through salting-out with ammonium sulfate and the consecutive chroma­ tography on carboxymethyI(CM)-, diethylaminoethyI(DEAE)-cellulose and S-hexylglutathione sepharose 6B affinity column. For the characterization of the apparently purified enzyme, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS PAGE), kinetic studies, neura­ minidase digestion, and isoelectrofocusing were performed. The yield of the enzyme was 11 percent with the 1107 fold purification and the respective specific activity to l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene(CDNB), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene(DCNB) and p-nitrophenyl chloride was 62 JU/mg, 0.12 IU/mg, and almost non-detectable. The Km of the enzyme for re­ duced glutathione(GSH) was 0.085 mM at the concentration of 2 mM CDNB, while its Km for CDNB was 0.46 mM at the fixed concentration of 5 mM GSH. Calcium, magnesium, zinc, ethylenediamintertraacetic acid( EDTA) and ethylenedioxydiethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid (EGTA) did not show any significant effect on enzyme activity. The subunit of the enzyme with a molecular weight of 25,000 did not reveal the molecular weight change after neuramini­ dase treatment. Isoelectrofocusing of the enzyme showed two bands, of which the pi of the major band was 4.48, while that of the minor band, 4.55. The specific antibody, raised against the purified GST- 7[ in the rabbit serum indicated the immunologic cross-reactivity to the aci­ dic GST from the human granulocyte.