Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Coactivator CBP Facilitates Transcription Initiation and Reinitiation of HTLV-I and Cyclin D2 Promoter

HTLV-I is the etiologic agent for adult T -cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-Iassociated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Taxi, the major activator of this virus, is a 40- kDa (353 amino acid) phosphoprotein, predominantly localized in the nucleus of the host cell, which functions to trans -activate both viral and cellular promoters. Recently it has been shown that HTLV-I and /or Taxl expressing cells have altered gene expres sion of some of the cell cycle associated genes. Tax activates HTLV -I as well as number of other cellular promoters through CREB, NF-kB and SRE elements. In this study we analyzed the effect of a general coactivator, namely CBP, which may be involved in activation of many cellular genes. To analyze CBP transcription activation, we have util ized an in vitro transcription assay that allows the analysis of transcription initiation and reinitiation in the absence of chromatin effects. In this assay, which util izes a G-free cassette downstream of the Tax -responsive 21 by repeats, polymerase II molecules responsible for the first round of transcrip tion remain at the end of the G-free region, effectively blocking the complete elongation of reinitiated transcripts . Addition of Tax and a 682 amino acid fragment of CBP to the in vitro transcription reactions increased both full-length and shorter transcripts resulting from reinitiation. A CBP deletion mutant lacking the N-terminal activation domain was inactive. Pre liminary data is also presented to show that, transactivation of HTLV-I and a cellular promoter, namely cyclin D2, takes place in early GO/G1 before the restriction point , "R", where Rb function has been implicated . Iran. Biomed. 1 2: 4957, 1998
Tree-Based Statistical Machine Translation: Experiments with the English and Brazilian Portuguese Pair

Resumo –Paradigmas baseados em Aprendizagem de Máquina dominam as pesquisas mais recentes em Tradução Automática. O estado-da-arte é baseado em implementações que depend em apenas de métodos estatı́sticos que coletam todo o conhe cimento necessário de corpora paralelos. No entanto, essa falta de conhecimento linguı́stico explı́cito os torna incapazes d modelar alguns fenômenos linguı́sticos. Neste trabalho, são foc ad s modelos que levam em conta a informação sintática da s lı́nguas envolvidas no processo de tradução. É seguida uma proposta recente baseada no preprocessamento de corpora paralelos através de analisadores sintáticos e que usa modelos de tradução co mpostos por Transdutores de Árvores. São realizados experimentos com o par de lı́nguas Inglês e Português Brasileiro, provendo os primeiros resultados conhecidos em Tradução Automát ica Estatı́stica baseada em sintaxe para esse par. Os resultados mostram que e ssa proposta é capaz de modelar mais facilmente fenômenos como reordenamentos de longa distância e fornecem direcioname tos para melhorias futuras na construção de modelos de tr a ução baseados em sintaxe para esse par.
Modeling of Scattering Cross Section for Mineral Aerosol with a Gaussian Beam

Based on the generalized Lorenz Mie theory (GLMT), the scattering cross section of mineral aerosol within the Gaussian beam is investigated, and an appropriate modeling of the scattering cross sections for the real mineral aerosols including the feldspar, quartz, and red clay is proposed. In this modeling, the spheroid shape is applied to represent the real nonspherical mineral aerosol, and these nonspherical particles are randomly distributed within the Gaussian beam region. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo statistical estimate method is used to determine the distributed positions of these random nonspherical particles. Moreover, a method for the nonspherical particles is proposed to represent the scattering cross section of the real mineral aerosols. In addition, the T matrix method is also used to calculate the scattering cross sections of the spheroid particles in order to compare the scattering properties between the plane wave and the Gaussian wave. Simulation results indicate that fairly reasonable results of the scattering cross sections for the mineral aerosols can be obtained with this proposed method, and it can provide a reliable and efficient approach to reproduce the scattering cross sections of the real randomly distributed mineral aerosols illuminated by the Gaussian beam.
Parsec-scale jets driven by high-mass young stellar objects

Context. Protostellar jets in high-mass young stellar objects (HMYSOs) play a key role in the understanding of star formation and provide us with an excellent tool to study fundamental properties of HMYSOs. Aims. We aim at studying the physical and kinematic properties of the near-infrared (NIR) jet of IRAS 13481-6124 from au to parsec scales. Methods. Our study includes NIR data from the Very Large Telescope instruments SINFONI, CRIRES, and ISAAC. Information about the source and its immediate environment is retrieved with SINFONI. The technique of spectro-astrometry is performed with CRIRES to study the jet on au scales. The parsec-scale jet and its kinematic and dynamic properties are investigated using ISAAC. Results. The SINFONI spectra in H and K bands are rich in emission lines that are mainly associated with ejection and accretion processes. Spectro-astrometry is applied to the Brγ line, and for the first time, to the Brα line, revealing their jet origin with milliarcsecond-scale photocentre displacements (11−15 au). This allows us to constrain the kinematics of the au-scale jet and to derive its position angle (~216°). ISAAC spectroscopy reveals H2 emission along the parsec-scale jet, which allows us to infer kinematic and dynamic properties of the NIR parsec-scale jet. The mass-loss rate inferred for the NIR jet is Ṁejec ~ 10−4 M⊙ yr−1 and the thrust is Ṗ ~ 10−2 M⊙ yr−1 km s−1, which is roughly constant for the formation history of the young star. A tentative estimate of the ionisation fraction is derived for the massive jet by comparing the radio and NIR mass-loss rates. An ionisation fraction ≲8% is obtained, which means that the bulk of the ejecta is traced by the NIR jet and that the radio jet only delineates a small portion of it.
Aeration Control with Gain Scheduling in a Full-scale Wastewater Treatment Plant

Abstract Process control is important at wastewater treatment plants to meet effluent criteria and minimise resource use. In a nitrogen removal plant, the aeration costs in the biological treatment part constitute the largest single electricity user at the plant. This study has investigated gain scheduling PI control at the Kappala wastewater treatment plant in full-scale operation and by simulation using a calibrated model of the plant. The aim was to vary the controller settings based on the nitrogen removal performance to achieve an energy saving. The best results were reached when scheduling the controller output limit, achieving a higher energy saving compared to a controller without gain scheduling.
A research on the basic psychological needs of swimmers in Kocaeli province in terms of any variances (İzmit district case)

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the basic psychological requirements of swimmers who perform individual sports in Kocaeli province with respect to certain variables. The sample of the study consisted of 80 swimmers who perform individual sports in Kocaeli province, Izmit district between the years of 2016 – 2017, 32 of whom were male and 42 of whom were female. In collecting data, the Basic Psychological Needs Scale which was developed by [4] was used in order to determine the psychological needs of individuals. Basic Psychological Needs Scale was adapted into Turkish by [9] A personal information form that was developed by the researcher was used. No significant difference was observed when basic psychological need scores were compared according to gender (P<0,05). In consequence of comparing the results of basic psychological need scale by means of age variable, a significant difference was observed by means of the need for relatedness between the 14 – 16 and 20 – 22 age groups (P<0,05). When basic psychological need scores were compared with respect to educational background, a significant difference was found in terms of the need for autonomy, need for competence and need for relatedness while a significant difference was observed by means of all scores (p<0,05). With respect to need for autonomy and need for competence; a significant difference was observed between Secondary Education and High School while the need for relatedness and total scores created a significant difference between Secondary Education and University (p<0,05). As a consequence of the comparison between the results of basic psychological need scale according to family attitudes, a significant difference was only observed by means of the need for competence between the variables (p<0,05). With respect to the sub-dimension of the need for competence, a significant difference was found between democratic family structure and authoritarian family structure (P<0,05). As a result of a comparison between basic psychological needs considering the educational background of female parents, there was a significant difference between the variants by means of the need for competence and the need for relatedness. With respect to need for competence and relatedness, a significant difference was observed for both, between the educational levels of primary school and high school (P<0,05).
A Discrete Method Based on the CE-SE Formulation for the Fractional Advection-Dispersion Equation

We obtain a numerical algorithm by using the space-time conservation element and solution element (CE-SE) method for the fractional advection-dispersion equation. The fractional derivative is defined by the Riemann-Liouville formula. We prove that the CE-SE approximation is conditionally stable under mild requirements. A numerical simulation is performed for the one-dimensional case by considering a benchmark with a discontinuous initial condition in order to compare the results with the analytical solution.
Learning Communities: Examining Positive Outcomes

Learning communities, designed primarily to increase student persistence and academic achievement, are a common first-year initiative on university campuses. Assessments of learning communities frequently examine indicators that are easily quantifiable such as student persistence and academic achievement, but also examine factors thought to affect these outcomes such as student involvement and satisfaction. This article reviews published studies to determine the degree to which learning communities successfully affect involvement, satisfaction, achievement, and persistence, and attempts to identify the characteristics that produce positive results. The review concludes that first, learning communities do attain positive outcomes, but second, that it is difficult to determine which characteristics of learning communities (i.e., integrated course content, coordinated assignments, academic skills training, mentoring) account for their success due to the small number of studies, the heterogeneity of programs, and self-selection effects.
A model system for photonic crystals: macroporous silicon

A review of the optical properties of 2D and 3D photonic crystals based on macroporous silicon is given. As macroporous silicon provides structures with aspect ratios exceeding 100, it can be considered as an ideal 2D photonic crystal. Most of the features of the photonic dispersion relation have been experimentally determined and were compared to theoretical calculations. This includes transmission and reflection of finite and bulk photonic crystals and their variation with the pore radius to determine the gap-map. All measurements have been carried out for both polarizations independently since they decouple in 2D photonic crystals. Moreover, by inhibiting the growth of selected pores, point and line defects can be realized and the corresponding high Q microcavity resonances as well as waveguiding properties were studied via transmission. The tunability of the bandgap was demonstrated by changing the refractive index by liquid crystals as well as optically-injected free carriers. Finally different realizations of 3D photonic crystals using macroporous silicon are discussed. In all cases an excellent agreement between experimental results and theory has been observed.
Testing the influence of habituation on genetic structure of brown bear (Ursus arctos)

Adult bear individuals live solitary and haveprolonged parent–offspring relationships, therefore the share of learned skills compared to the inherited ones is much larger than in other carnivores. This promotes acquisition of deviated behavior and simultaneously establishment of a kinship structure. However, deviated bear behavior and human food conditioning are the symptoms of habituation. The aim of this paper is to test the genetic structuring of habituated and non-habituated individuals located in the central region of Romania (Brasov and Prahova districts), a hotspot in terms of human-bear conflicts. Seven microsatellites were used to genotype 145 samples (ear clips and tissue), out of which 82 were classified as habituated and 63 as wild individuals, respectively. Our results suggest the presence of kinship structures in habituated bear group and a reduction of genetic diversity (He = 0.75), while the group located in the wild registered a higher genetic diversity (He = 0.78) and more private alleles. The genetic differentiation suggested by the Neighbor joining cluster analysis has been strengthened by the two percent (AMOVA) differences between the two groups and highlights the negative impact of brown bear kinship structure, caused by the human expansion on wilderness. The genetic analyses indicated that the two groups share genetic variants due to the dispersal and breeding patterns of male adult bears. The emergence of genetic differences between the two groups can be avoided by preventing bears to become human-food conditioned; over time, kinship structure can pose a threat to genetic diversity.
FPGA based multi-level architecture for next generation DNA sequencing

“Next-generation DNA sequencing technology” has developed biomedical research, making genome and Protein sequencing an affordable and frequently used tool for a wide variety of research applications such as DNA Searching , DNA Sequencing, Drug Discovery, etc., objective of this work is to propose space and power efficient hardware architecture for micro sequence identification. Bloom filter, PCR, SRA, DFT and Phylogeny Aware are the recent related works for micro sequence identification. We propose an FPGA based multilevel sequence similarity identification to reduce the computational overhead, time and data complexity, GENIE, UNI, dbGap are the benchmarked database considered for the validation of the proposed method. Micro sequence identification uses a pattern mining technique. First this method generates number of patterns or sequences from the dimension 2 to the dimension N. The patterns are generated at each dimension and with varying size of dimension. The generated patterns are stored in the pattern set and for the input sequence which generates the similar set of pattern set. Based on generated pattern set, the proposed method computes the sequence similarity at each level and finally a cumulative similarity value is computed. Performance of the proposed method is compared with existing Bloom filter, PSR, SRA and DFT.
Dynamic Analysis of Money Demand Function in Turkey

In this paper, the dynamic determinants of money demand function and the long-run and short-run relationships between money demand, real product and nominal interest rates are examined in Turkey for the time period 1980-2012. In particular we estimate a dynamic specification of a long money demand function based on Keynesian liquidity preference theory to ascertain the relevant elasticity of money demand using DOLS and FMOLS methods. The empirical results of the study show that in Turkey inflation, exchange rates and money demand are co-integrated, i.e., they converge to a long run equilibrium point. In this regard, correction procedure corrects nearly 31 percent of the biases from long run equilibrium in one year. Therefore, the real money demand in Turkey is positively related with income and negatively related with nominal interest rates.
Electrostatic Precipitation of Submicron Particles with an Enhanced Unipolar Pre-Charger

A two-stage electrostatic precipitator (ESP) has been developed using an enhanced unipolar pre-charger with dielectric coated ground electrodes. The electrical and particle collection performance was evaluated for particles in the submicron range. By varying the voltage applied to the pre-charger, the particle charging characteristics was compared with that calculated by the theoretical model. The experimental results show that with the adoption of the pre-charger, the charging of the particles at submicron range was enhanced. Further results indicate that the collection efficiency can be improved by about 12.1%–15.9%, compared with the results obtained without the pre-charger. Higher particle collection efficiency can be achieved by increasing the voltage applied to the pre-charger. The unipolar pre-charger studied in this paper proves to be a simple and useful device to improve the submicron particle collection efficiency of conventional ESPs.
Relationship Between Transformational, Transaction and Laissez-faire Leadership Styles and Employee Commitment

The study aimed to find empirical evidence of relationship between transformational, transaction and laissez-faire leadership styles and employee commitment in the insurance sector of Sri Lanka. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, which formulated by Bass and Avolio’s in1997 was used to determine leadership style and the Organizational Commitment was obtained using the Revised Version of Meyer and Allen’s (1997) Three-Component Model of employee commitment. Leadership was identified as the independent variable and organisational commitment as the dependent variable. The analysis showed that there is a strong positive relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment with r = 0.872. A weak, but significant, positive relationship was found between transactional leadership and organizational commitment with r = 0.257. Also a weak, but significant negative correlation was found between laissez-faire leadership and organizational commitment with an r = - 0.375. The Overall findings from this study suggest that transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership behaviors do play important roles in determining levels of organizational commitment. Key w ords: Insurance Industry, Transformational Leadership style, Transactional Leadership style, Laissez-faire Leadership style, organizational commitment.
Room temperature electrometry with SUB-10 electron charge resolution

We have fabricated and demonstrated a micromachined electrometer with a charge resolution of 6 e/√Hz, operating at room temperature and ambient pressure. We thus show that high-resolution electrometry is realizable at room temperature and competitive with alternative low temperature (<10 K) solutions. The device presented in this paper functions as a modulated variable capacitor, wherein a dc charge to be measured is modulated and converted to an ac voltage output. By reviewing a selection of different devices based on this concept, we show that single-electron charge resolution at room temperature and ambient pressure is achievable with the aid of practical design considerations.
HIGH-RESOLUTION MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY OF SPELEOTHEMS FROM SNEfiNA JAMA, KAMNIK-SAVINJA ALPS, SLOVENIA PODROBNA MAGNETOSTRATIGRAFSKA ANALIZA SIGE IZ SNEfiNE JAME, KAMNI'KO-SAVINJSKE ALPE, SLOVENIJA

UDC: 551.44(497.4) Pavel Bosak & Helena Hercman & Andrej Mihevc & Petr Pruner: High-resolution magnetostratigraphy of speleothems from Sneaena jama, Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Slovenia The Sneaena jama Cave is located in the Kamnik-Savinja Alps, NE Slovenia, in a Raduha Ridge. The cave is a huge, more or less horizontal fossil phreatic/epiphreatic conduit. It is penetrated by vertical shafts invasion vadose (proglacial) caves. Close to the cave entrance, there is about 3 m high wall composed of speleothems a complex sequence of flowstone with numerous breaks in deposition, six of them are principal. The lower part of the profile (about 85 cm) contains abundant terrigenous component (terra rossa-derived clay). Stalagmites developed in several periods are completely buried by nearly horizontal younger sequences of flowstone. Continuous speleothem log was recovered from the profile in a total length of about 2.4 m. The rock column was cut to cubes in the laboratory (2x2x2 cm) and studied both by thermal demagnetisation (23 samples, 12 steps 20 to 620 °C) and alternating field method (98 samples, 14 steps 1 to 100 mT). Magnetic properties identified the lithological boundary. In contrast to the upper part, the lower one shows both higher magnetic susceptibility and higher remanent magnetisation. The turn point can indicate important palaeogeographical change. Magnetostratigraphic log is composed of 7 normal and 6 reverse polarised magnetozones. The age of speleothems detected by the U-series alpha-counting spectrometry falls outside the method range, i.e. over 350 ka. Uranium isotopic equilibria indicate the age over 1.2 Ma. The age of the fill is pre-Quaternary, clearly older than 1.77 Ma. The most probable age from correlation with geomagnetic polarity timescales is about 3.0 to 5.0 or 1.8 to 3.6 Ma. Both possibilities can indicate the growth rate of speleothems of about 1.1 to 1.3 m per 1 Ma. The age of speleogenesis can be compared to some of unroofed caves in the area of the Classical Karst (SW Slovenia) connected with the Messinian period. Sneaena jama was uplifted to high altitudes by younger (Plio-Pleistocene) uplift of the Alpine chain.
Integration of discontinuity in road freight transport costs : A transportation network model

Freight transportation flows on large geographic areas often lack some kinds of refinements. This is, for instance, the case for road transport modelling, just because the truck driver has to stop after a given period of time in order to take some (legal) rest periods. However, network transport models usually compute a set of cheapest paths, which often does not include the cost of rest periods but assumes a cost proportional to distance. Consequently, total costs for long haul road transport is often underestimated and, in multi-modal approaches, the market-share for road transport can be overestimated. This paper proposes a methodology that makes it possible to take explicitly into account the discontinuity of the total transport costs with distance. It is based on a multi-class assignment, but for which the classes are dynamically computed during the assignment. Indeed, it is possible to estimate, for each cell of an origin-destination (O-D) matrix, the transport distance and/or time, before the set of modal itineraries is computed. These distances can be estimated using the geographical location of the points of origin and destination of each transportation task, but also obtained after a first assignment of the demand database on the network. Both approaches will be discussed, but, even if the proxy approach could be deemed interesting, it clearly comes out that the method based on a first initial assignment gives much better results, even if it is more computing time intensive. After having outlined the proposed methodology, the paper presents a case study in which the results of the method are compared to those obtained by means of a classical assignment on the trans-European freight transport network.