Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construction of individual ddRAD libraries

This protocol describes a double digested restriction-site associated DNA (ddRADseq) procedure, that is a variation on the original RAD sequencing method (Davey & Blaxter 2011), which is used for de novo SNP discovery and genotyping. This protocol differs from the original ddRADseq protocol (Peterson et al 2012), in which the samples are pooled just after the ligation to adaptors (i.e. before size selection and PCR). The present ddRAD protocol as been slightly adapted from Alan Brelsford's protocol published in the supplementary material of this paper: Brelsford, A. , sex-specific linkage maps of a European tree (Hyla arborea) identify the sex chromosome without information on offspring sex. Heredity 116, 116, In the present protocol, all samples are treated separately, in a microplate, until final PCR amplification performed before pooling. Despite being slightly more costly and time-consuming in the lab, it allows for fine
Frequency modulation of a millimeter-wave IMPATT diode oscillator and related harmonic generation effects

In this paper we report the performance of a continuous wave millimeter-wave IMPATT diode oscillator with a wide-band tunability. The diode is mounted in an iris wafer circuit; its oscillation frequency can be modulated either by a varactor diode or by direct modulation of the IMPATT diode bias current. The oscillator has been successfully used as a millimeter-wave frequency deviator in an experimental pulse code modulation millimeter-wave system. We also report detailed measurements on subharmonic frequencies in IMPATT diode oscillators. Experimental results show that wide frequency tunability can be obtained with a circuit which provides an “idler” resonance at one-half the fundamental transit-time frequency. The results also show that by providing “idler” resonances at both the transit-time frequency and at one-half of the transit-time, the oscillation at 3/2 the transit-time frequency is enhanced and yields a useful output power of 2 mW at 86 GHz.
Active learning in construction management education: faculty perceptions of engagement and learning

Abstract Research has shown that students within an applied professional education program, such as Construction Management (CM), often appreciate active learning. CM researchers have explored a variety of active learning approaches, but faculty perceptions across a variety of active learning strategies have not been considered. This research seeks to explore faculty perceptions, strategies, training, and barriers that may encourage or limit use of active learning within CM education. Results are based on 65 respondents from 55 universities who are members of the Associated Schools of Construction (ASC). Data indicates a positive perception of active learning by ASC faculty, opportunities for development of relatively simple but seldom-used active teaching strategies, and a need for the expanded breadth and depth of training in active learning. If these identified opportunities were expanded and training was enhanced, active learning within CM education could continue to propagate, enhancing the learning experience for both faculty and students.
Analysis and Simulation of UAV Aircraft Flight Dynamics

The objective of the present work is to evaluate the static and dynamic stability of the Flying Wing Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle (UAV) model using the Tornado software. The longitudinal and the lateral-directional aerodynamics were studied using the model with incompressible flow, asymmetric, conditions. The stability coefficients were calculated and give proof that the aircraft is statically stable. Using the stability coefficients, the longitudinal and lateral-directional equations of motion were written to evaluate the dynamic stability of the vehicle. Good flying qualities were obtained, rating in Level 1 for the Cooper and Harper scale.
Chopper-stabilized high-pass sigma delta modulator utilizing a resonator structure

A chopper-stabilized high-pass sigma delta modulator (SDM) utilizing a resonator structure for the reduction of low-frequency noise, such as dc offset, thermal drift, and 1/f noise, is presented. The high-pass SDM has a zero of a noise transfer function at half of the sampling frequency and is stabilized by chopper modulation. Since the first integrator of the proposed modulator has a large closed-loop gain, no pre-amplifier is required even when the input signal is small, which is suitable for low-power applications. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and power dissipations of a high-pass modulator and a conventional modulator have been numerically analyzed.
Symmetrical coplanar waveguide with finite ground plane

A symmetrical coplanar waveguide with finite ground plane (SCPW) has been analyzed. The symmetrical configuration is obtained by simply placing a dielectric substrate above a conventional finite ground plane coplanar waveguide (FCPW). The conformal mapping method is used to calculate the quasistatic effective permittivity ϵeff and characteristic impedance Z0. The SCPW has a larger ϵeff and a smaller Z0, compared with the conventional FCPW. This configuration should be useful for the design of balanced mixer circuits and for applications to the design of balanced feed lines in printed antennas. © 1993 John Wiley & sons, Inc.
Planar-waveguide-type optical switching devices

This paper reviews our recent work on various planar-waveguide-type optical switching devices. Specifically we investigated N x N thermo-optic (TO) matrix switches. The matrix switch consists of N2 switching units and the switching unit has two cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). Switching is achieved by using a phase control technique based on the TO effect. The switching power of an MZI unit and the switching speed are typically 0.4 W and 2 ms, respectively. For N equals 16, we realized non-blocking connection with a very low-loss of 6.6 dB and a high-extinction ratio of 55 dB. We have also developed 1 x N configuration switches for use in optical path cross-connect systems. By integrating TO switches and arrayed-waveguide grating multi/demultiplexers, we fabricated single-chip optical add/drop multiplexers (OADM) for use in all-optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) routing systems. We have developed a power consumption reduction technique that is effective for all MZI TO switches as regards large scale integrated switch applications.
Broadband multilayer inphase power divider for C-band applications

A broadband inphase power divider for C-band applications is presented. The proposed divider utilises broadside microstrip/slot coupling. The proposed design is especially suitable for multilayer technology, where the two output ports are located at different layers. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed device has 3.4±0.2 dB insertion loss, better than 10 dB return loss and isolation across the C-band (4–8 GHz).
Assessing Robustness of Imputation Models Based on Data from Different Jurisdictions: Examples of Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada

The literature indicates that many highway and transportation agencies in North America and Europe estimate missing values in their collected traffic data records. Estimating missing values is known as data imputation. Such a convention can be traced back to early traffic monitoring systems in the 1930s; however, no studies have been found to assess the accuracy of imputations carried out by transportation practitioners. The imputation methods used by highway agencies are varied and intuitive in nature. Some of them could result in large imputation errors in certain circumstances. Those errors can lead to significant deviations in the resulting operation plans and designed structures. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the accuracy of various imputation methods that highway agencies use. This study identifies and tests typical imputation methods on automatic traffic recorder data from Alberta and Saskatchewan in Canada. With assessment of imputation methods based on the data from different highway agencies, it is possible to evaluate their robustness and suitability for use across jurisdictions. The accuracy of individual imputation models was statistically analyzed, and comparisons and recommendations were made. Study results clearly indicate that models using additional observations as input and more sophisticated prediction techniques consistently produce better imputations. It is believed that this study would be helpful for traffic engineers in reviewing their imputation practices and, hence, in improving their data quality.
Sensorless control for permanent magnet synchronous motor with reduced order observer

This paper describes a simple sensorless control scheme for permanent magnet synchronous motors based on the reduced order observer. By introducing the new control inputs, we realize both the decoupling and the linearization of the nonlinear electrical equations. This allows us to construct the reduced order observer for estimating the rotor speed and position. Owing to the linearization of the motor model, we can fix optimum gains of the observer under any operating condition. The validity of the proposed control scheme is confirmed by experiments as embedded code in a DSP-TMS320C32. The experimental results show high dynamic performance of the proposed control scheme.
The COLOSS BEEBOOK, a Manual of Standard Methods for Honey Bee Research

The Vision The BEEBOOK project arose from discussions at early COLOSS (Prevention of Honey Bee COlony LOSSes) meetings. The vision was, and still is, to develop a definitive inventory of standard techniques and methods in honey bee research to ensure that studies performed by different laborato-ries around the world would be directly comparable. The manual, titled the COLOSS BEEBOOK , was inspired by publications with similar purposes for Drosophila fruit fly research (Williams et al., 2012). The previous lack of standards had made, for example, establishing whether honey bee colony losses had indeed increased, or were greater in some countries than in others, exceptionally difficult. The BEEBOOK is not meant to standardize the research itself, but focusses solely on the methods for which standardization is useful to enable reproducibility as a corner-stone of science. The BEEBOOK is a tool for all who want to conduct research on honey bees. It has been written in such a way that those new to honey bee research can use it to begin studies in fields with which they may not be familiar. the select and a user-friendly The initial divided into
A review of yaw rate and sideslip controllers for passenger vehicles

The development of chassis control schemes has been a major area of study for automotive control engineers over the past 30 years. The volume of published literature is large, exceeding 1000 papers. Of this literature, there are 250 examining yaw and sideslip control. Here is a comprehensive review of this field of study to identify the current state of the art and research in yaw rate and sideslip control. The survey shows that there is still a significant research effort needed to address the subjective performance of handling systems, and more research is needed to develop schemes that integrate systems to achieve high-level performance objectives.
Development of the LSST raft tower modules

The science focal plane of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope is made up of 21 modules designated "raft towers". Each raft tower module (RTM) is an autonomous, fully-testable and serviceable 144 Mpixel imager consisting of nine highly-segmented CCDs with complete readout electronics chain. To minimize noise and obscuration the RTM is housed in a compact enclosure fully contained within the camera cryostat. The RTM is required to meet strict performance goals for image plane flatness, readout speed, noise, and power dissipation. Key components include the 4K × 4K fully-depleted CCDs with 16 outputs each, ceramic CCD support structure, and ASIC electronics for video processing and clock/bias generation. In addition to CCD signal handling, the RTM electronics also includes monitoring for temperature, voltage, and current, makeup heater control, ASIC configuration and readback, powerdown modes, and specialized diagnostic outputs. Digitized data are transmitted out of the camera cryostat over a single 3Gb/s serial link.
An Optimization Method for Optimal Engineering Structure Design Combining Intelligent Optimization Algorithm and CAE Code

This paper presents an optimization method for optimal engineering structure design. An interface procedure is essentially developed to combine the intelligent optimization algorithm and computer aided engineering (CAE) code. An optimization example is carried out to minimize the interlaminar normal stress of a laminate which affect the delamination failure of a laminate via arranging the stacking sequence. The analytical solution is calculated to validate the accuracy of optimization results.
Treatment of Uncertainty in Risk Based Regulations and Standards for Risk Analysis

The role of quantitative risk analysis as a foundation for decision making, regarding hazardous activities and establishments, has gained increased importance during the last decades. When performing a quantitative risk analysis, a wide range of uncertainties will inevitably be introduced during the process. The impact of these uncertainties must somehow be addressed if the analysis is to serve as a tool in the decision-making process. The objective of this report is to present a summary of how issues of uncertainty are dealt with in existing safety regulations, and in existing standards for risk analysis and management. Using this summary as a guide, various aspects of uncertainty are discussed. E.g. what role will uncertainty play in the decision-making process? Is there a need for identifying and separating different kinds of uncertainty (e.g. aleatory, or stochastic uncertainty, vs. epistemic, or knowledge based uncertainty) while creating the foundation for decision-making? Will we always be dependent on expert judgement while dealing with these issues? The work behind this paper is the first step in a research project with the objective to produce the basis for a Swedish Standard regarding treatment of uncertainties in quantitative risk analyses. The project is to be completed by the end of the year 2001. (Less)
Laser microprojection for micromechanical device fabrication

Using advanced laser mask projection methods it is possible to manufacture miniature complex 3D structures in polymers and ceramics for sensor and micromechanical device prototyping or mass manufacture. Subtle movements of workpiece and mask (separately or together) during processing allow complex devices to be realized. Multilevel sensor structures can be constructed using lamination techniques. The full capabilities of laser micromachining techniques are explained in detail and an examples of novel 3D structures made by laser machining are shown.
A Systematic Limit-State Design Approach for Finite Element Analysis of Buried Oil Transporting Pipeline

This paper proposes a systematic approach to design a buried cross-country steel pipeline for oil transportation, based on limit states of the pipeline in operation. Yield and buckling due to primary loads and secondary loads are considered in the limit state design. A procedure to evaluate limit states in accordance with stress and strain criteria is proposed when the pipeline is applied with factored loads. The evaluated limits include the maximum stress limit for finite element analysis (FEA) with beam-elements and the equivalent stress and strain limit for FEA with 3D solid elements. The soil conditions along the pipeline are classified into three different types. Soil is represented by discrete bilinear springs for the beam-element pipeline model and represented by extended Drucker-Prager model for the 3D solid element model. The sensitivities of the limit states to the soil conditions and pipeline bend parameters were studied. Mitigation measures are taken to make the pipeline meet the proposed limit state evaluation criteria. The cost and constructibility are taken into account to expand the beam-element model to the 3D solid element model.
Alcohol Misuse in a Treatment-Seeking Sample of Pathological Gamblers

We aimed to estimate the prevalence of alcohol misuse and examine its relationship with gambling severity and psychological distress in a UK treatment-seeking sample of pathological gamblers. Approximately one in four patients (27.1%) scored X 8 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) screening tool indicating alcohol misuse, and one in four (28.1%) reported abstinence. There was no evidence of an association between alcohol misuse and gambling severity or psychological distress level. Compared to the UK general population a significantly higher proportion demonstrated probable alcohol dependence (1.2% vs. 6.3%, p < 0.001).
investigation of ISI excimer pulse shaping for inert confined fusion

The effort of ISI excimer pulse shaping based on gain depletion for inert confined fusion (ICF) in Heaven-I KrF laser system was introduced. The 24ns ISI pulse has been self-shortened to 10ns with a unique set-up call pulse feedback based on gain switch, which can be combined with the EFISI for the high uniformity beam profile. The shorter ISI pulses with the duration of 3~10ns have been obtained with laser quenching. The further proposal to generate a complex pulse shape for ICF based on gain depletion was discussed in this paper.
A Secure Wireless Sensor Network Framework for Manufacturing Monitoring

Wireless sensor networks are going to play a more and more important role in applications of next generation manufacturing systems. In this paper, we present a secure and intelligent wireless sensor network framework for manufacturing monitoring. We try to solve the problem of manufacturing monitoring from a new point of view. We introduce the layered architecture of the wireless sensor network framework in detail. Considering the vulnerable feature of Wireless sensor network, we also propose a secure mechanism based on the structure of wireless sensor network by using the anomaly detection technology. The major contribution of this paper is that we integrate wireless sensor network with secure and intelligent technologies to improve the overall performance of manufacturing monitoring.
Multiphysics design methodology for photonic‐based phased array antennas

This work proposes a multiphysics design methodology for photonic‐based phased array antennas. It is based on the use of circuital and full wave electromagnetic solvers in conjunction with an optical numerical tool. To illustrate the proposed methodology, it is presented the design of a photonic beamformer for a phased array based on four patch antennas operating at 5.8 GHz. The array has been numerically evaluated using a 50‐km radio over fiber system, responsible to transmit the RF signal from the Central Office to the Remote Antenna Site. It has been used the following pieces of software: VPI Transmission Maker for optical domain simulations, Designer and HFSS from ANSYS for electrical domain simulations. The last two are easily integrated, as the same company had produced them. Conversely, it was necessary to create an efficiency interface for enabling the integration between VPI Transmission Maker and them. This interface enables the integration between the optical domain at hundreds of THz and the electrical domain at some GHz. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:838–843, 2014
Dielectric and electro-optical properties of nematic liquid crystal p-methoxybenzylidene p-decylaniline dispersed with oil palm leaf based porous carbon quantum dots

Abstract The effect of dispersing oil palm leaf-based porous carbon quantum dots (OPL QDs) in nematic liquid crystal p-methoxybenzylidene p-decylaniline (MBDA) has been studied in this paper. The dielectric properties were measured with and without bias voltage as a function of frequency and temperature. Electro-optical parameters like response time, rotational viscosity and birefringence have also been studied with respect to temperature and OPL QDs concentration. The main findings show that when the dispersion of OPL QDs increases, the sign of dielectric anisotropy changes. Fall time has been found to be faster than the rise time for pure MBDA, composites 1 and 2, while composites 3 to 5 have faster rise time than fall time. This has been due to a change in the sign of dielectric anisotropy that begins from composite 3. UV-VIS absorbance and photoluminescence studies have been carried out which demonstrates the existence of π–π* transition. The remarkable outcomes of this work can be applied in the display and photonics field. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Highlights Dielectric and electro-optical characterization has been reported for MBDA-OPL composite systems. Reversal in the sign of dielectric anisotropy starts from composite 3. Faster response with reduced rotational viscosity has been revealed.
On the Numerical Reconstruction of Images from a Microwave Hologram

A new technique for the numerical reconstruction of images from a long-wavelength hologram is proposed. The technique is to calculate images by the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm with the hologram data sampled by a straight line approximation. This sampling technique is convenient to reduce the number of the sampling points, and the image can be reconstructed with less data than the conventional equally spaced sampling method. A one-dimensional hologram is constructed at S band and an image is reconstructed by the proposed method. These results are discussed and compared with the results of the conventional numerical reconstruction.
Small area right angle bends fabricated with hybrid conventional and interference lithography

A technique to fabricate high‐resolution, photonic features in selected areas aligned to large features such as waveguides, sources, or detectors without e‐beam lithography is demonstrated. This low‐cost parallel technique can be readily extended to produce resonant cavities and photonic‐crystals integrated into conventional waveguide structures. A right‐angle bend using integrated Bragg reflectors is designed and characterized. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1300–1303, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22408
Forecasting method for HEMT MMIC large-signal RF yield

Accurate MMIC (Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits) RF yield forecasting is a critical tool for proactively defusing yield problems and planning efficient use of manufacturing resources. TRW has investigated a method for forecasting the large-signal RF yield of HEMT MMICs that is based on a combination of statistical device modeling through an analytical, physical device model, and an empirical nonlinear device model. Using this hybrid nonlinear statistical device modeling method, we have been able to accurately simulate the variation of large-signal MMIC performance with manufacturing process variation.