Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syntactic Structures as Descriptions of Sensorimotor Processes

In this paper I propose a hypothesis linking elements of a model of theoretical syntax with neural mechanisms in the domain of sensorimotor processing. The syntactic framework I adopt to express this linking hypothesis is Chomsky’s Minimalism: I propose that the language-independent ’Logical Form’ (LF) of a sentence reporting a concrete episode in the world can be interpreted as a detailed description of the sensorimotor processes involved in apprehending that episode. The hypothesis is motivated by a detailed study of one particular episode, in which an agent grasps a target object. There are striking similarities between the LF structure of transitive sentences describing this episode and the structure of the sensorimotor processes through which it is apprehended by an observer. The neural interpretation of Minimalist LF structure allows it to incorporate insights from empiricist accounts of syntax, relating to sentence processing and to the learning of syntactic constructions.
Mobile robot obstacle avoidance algorithms based on information fusion of vision and sonar

In view of the problem of AS-R autonomous wheeled mobile robot obstacle avoidance, a rapid convergence of sonar and binocular stereovision sensor distance information in order to detect and avoid obstacle algorithm is proposed in this paper. The algorithm first uses binocular camera (CCD) to get three-dimensional image of the real environment, through the stereo matching and V-disparity method which is used to calculate disparity map, then obstacles is extracted by Hough lines detection algorithm, finally we will get information about obstacles and sonar return information with T-S fuzzy neural network fusion, then it will output walking controlled decisions. Experimental results proved that the algorithm is effective and practical.
The Deep Equatorial Ocean Circulation in Wind-Forced Numerical Solutions*

We perform eddy-resolving and high-vertical-resolution numerical simulations of the circulation in an idealized equatorial Atlantic Ocean in order to explore the formation of the deep equatorial circulation (DEC) in this basin. Unlike in previous studies, the deep equatorial intraseasonal variability (DEIV) that is believed to be the source of the DEC is generated internally by instabilities of the upper ocean currents. Two main simulations are discussed: Solution 1, configured with a rectangular basin and with wind forcing that is zonally and temporally uniform; and Solution 2, with realistic coastlines and with an annual cycle of wind forcing varying zonally. Somewhat surprisingly, Solution 1 produces the more realistic DEC: The large-vertical-scale currents (Equatorial Intermediate Currents or EICs) are found over a large zonal portion of the basin, and the small-vertical-scale equatorial currents (Equatorial Deep Jets or EDJs) form low-frequency, quasi-resonant, baroclinic equatorial basin modes with phase propagating mostly downward, consistent with observations. We demonstrate that both types of currents arise from the rectification of DEIV, consistent with previous theories. We also find that the EDJs contribute to maintaining the EICs, suggesting that the nonlinear energy transfer is more complex than previously thought. In Solution 2, the DEC is unrealistically weak and less spatially coherent than in the first simulation probably because of its weaker DEIV. Using intermediate solutions, we find that the main reason for this weaker DEIV is the use of realistic coastlines in Solution 2. It remains to be determined, what needs to be modified or included to obtain a realistic DEC in the more realistic configuration.
Heterogeneity in soil nitrogen within first-order forested catchments at the Turkey Lakes Watershed

Topographic positional regulation of nitrogen (N) dynamics in soil within Canadian Shield headwaters, located in calibrated catchments containing mature, tolerant hardwood forest, was examined to determine how N pools, mineralization, nitrification, and leaching in soil relate to N export in drainage waters. A uniformly high net N mineralization and nitrification potential for surficial soil layers rich in organic N was demonstrated for ridge, upper-middle slope, and lower slope  footslope topographic positions. Results from plot-scale studies revealed that NO3 concentrations in soil water from well-drained soils were very highly variable throughout the catchments, ranging from 25 to 175 µmol·L1, with a median of 80 µmol·L1. The isotopic effects of denitrification were not detected in soil water collected from lower slope  footslopes, and in situ rates of N2O production from soils on lower slope  footslopes and valley bottoms were very low and highly variable. Higher N exports from soils than from s.
Effects of implementation of co-generation in the district heating system of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Niš

Implementation of co-generation of thermal and electrical energy in district heating systems often results with higher overall energy efficiency of the systems, primary energy savings and environmental benefits. Financial results depend on number of parameters, some of which are very difficult to predict. After introduction of feed-in tariffs for generation of electrical energy in Serbia, better conditions for implementation of co-generation are created, although in district heating systems barriers are still present. In this paper, possibilities and effects of implementation of natural gas fired cogeneration engines are examined and presented for the boiler house that is a part of the district heating system owned and operated by the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Nis. At the moment, in this boiler house only thermal energy is produced. The boilers are natural gas fired and often operate in low part load regimes. The plant is working only during the heating season. For estimation of effects of implementation of co-generation, referent values are taken from literature or are based on the results of measurements performed on site. Results are presented in the form of primary energy savings and greenhouse gasses emission reduction potentials. Financial aspects are also considered and triangle of costs is shown.
A Spatial Analysis of the Formal Childcare Sector in Kansas

The childcare sector has significant economic effects as research has clearly established. But what of the spatial dimensions of childcare? This study focuses on two issues: the spatial variation in the economic effects of the childcare sector in the state of Kansas and its economic spillovers. The paper uses data from Kansas state agencies on the state's formal childcare sec- tor to calculate local effects and interregional spillovers. The result shows that the economic effects of the formal childcare sector vary significantly among regions of the state. The sector differs from region to region due to the variation in cost, mix of facilities, relative importance of the informal sector, and the size of economic multipliers. The study also finds significant spillover effects from rural to urban regions. From this result, we conclude that government support for the childcare sector in rural areas has large economic implications for the entire state.
Comparison of imputation accuracy using different SNPs densities and SNP selection strategies based on a physical map or on a genetic map

Imputation is a robust approach to infer the genotypes at un-genotyped loci and has been adopted so as to minimize costs of genotyping in livestock breeding including Sheep. Since 2015, a new low-density array of about 16,000 SNPs is available in Sheep and its imputation accuracy on the medium-density 50K SNPs array was tested and confirmed to be efficient in different population (Ventura et al., 2016), including French dairy Sheep breeds (Larroque et al., 2017). Low-density arrays were created by selecting markers from medium-density arrays. The selected SNPs were chosen in order to obtain SNPs evenly spaced across the genome based on their physical distances, but also based on their allele frequency or proximity to genes of particular relevance (Zhang and Druet, 2010 ; Dassonneville et al., 2012 ; Boichard et al., 2012). However, imputation of SNP genotype selected based on physical distances could be less efficient in regions of high recombination rate such as chromosome ends (Boichard et al., 2012 ; Petit et al., 2017). Imputation in highly recombinant regions could be improved by selecting genotyped SNPs based on genetic distances rather than physical distances. In this work, we test this hypothesis by exploiting a recently published sheep recombination map (Petit et al., 2017). To do so, we virtually created lowdensity SNP panels where SNPs were either selected from physical or genetic distance information, and of varying density: 16,000 SNPs (16K), 10,000 SNPs (10K), 3,000 SNPs (3K) and 300 SNPs (300). We then compared the imputation accuracy for these panels. In particular, we evaluate if using genetic distance could allow to reduce the number of SNPs in low-density panels without degrading imputation accuracy.
Formulation and Characterization of Orally Dissolving Thin Films containing the German cockroach Blatella germanica (Bla g 2) Allergen

Allergy and asthma are among the most common chronic diseases of childhood. Cockroach allergy is an important contributor to asthma morbidity, with a prevalence of 17 to 41%. Immunotherapy has been shown to be an effective treatment for other allergies that contribute to asthma, but several factors have limited its use for cockroach allergy. In this work, a sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) formulation of orally dissolving thin film has been developed for the treatment of hypersensitivity to the German cockroach Bla g 2 allergen. The formulation allows for the incorporation of up to 25 μg/film of the allergen protein, and the film's mucoadhesiveness prolongs the effect of the allergen with the potential for enhanced efficacy. The potency and dose uniformity of the SLIT formulation were characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and other physicochemical properties were evaluated by spectroscopic or mechanistic methods. The films were uniform in weight and thickness, and demonstrated substantial physical strength to allow easy manipulation during manufacturing and dosing. The dosage uniformity, in vitro disintegration and in vitro dissolution profiles of the films were within the acceptance criteria in the United States Pharmacopeia. The developed SLIT methodology possesses the potential to significantly improve immunotherapy for both food and inhalant allergies in adults and children.
Research and Implementation PaaS platform based on Docker

With the development of Internet technology and the popularity of cloud computing technology, the organizations or companies try to build a private cloud platform. PaaS is a form of cloud computing service resources and provides application development environment. As the existing PaaS platform hosting and virtual machine environment simplification of the problem of excessive consumption of resources, we have conducted in-depth research on the PaaS platform in this paper. We propose a mechanism to create PaaS platform based on Docker (8). Docker provides a running application solutions and is built on a lightweight virtualization LXC container (3). We also develop a dashboard to facilitate users operations. Even though users do not know the professional knowledge of cloud, they can easily deploy their application.
Repeatability analysis of egg shape in a wild tree sparrow (Passer montanus) population: a sensitive method for egg shape description

The shape of avian eggs varies widely among and within species. To explore this variation, several methods for egg shape description were used in previous works. The simplest methods were unsuitable to detect small differences in shape of different eggs, while more elaborated methods required special equipment, since they were not generally used. In this study we present a simple method for egg shape description which incorporate quickness in the field, high sensitivity to egg shape differences and furthermore require no special equipment. The method is based on a function which describe the outline of the egg in a two dimensions co-ordinate system and outline originates from field taken photographs. The method was tested on clutches of wild living Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) population. Three out of four parameters of the function were found to be repeatable in Tree Sparrows. The eggs of repetitive clutches of females were more similar considering these egg shape parameters than eggs of different females. A simple, widely used index to describe egg shape, egg shape index was found to be far less sensitive in our repeatability analyses. The method described here may be particularly suitable to investigate intraspecific variation of egg shape.
Designing the Last Mile of the Supply Chain in Africa: Firm Expansion and Managerial Inferences from a Grocer Model of Location Decisions

The recent interest in the expansion of retail food chains and the perceived problems resulting from competition between these new, sophisticated supply chains and the most basic of food distribution networks in emerging economies have been greatly debated in the literature. This paper is a seminal approach to examining South-South food firm (grocer) foreign direct investment by incorporating data on the informal market into a facility location decision model. There are unique environmental complexities that developing/transitioning economies present. The unique finding of this model is that informal employment patterns, in both Agricultural and non-Agricultural sectors, influence the firm’s location. Given the absence of data, South-South foreign direct investment managers perceive avid market transactions as indicators of demand and potential supply availability in formal and informal sectors. For example, Pick n’ Pay’s CEO stated recently that their growth in the Southern Africa supermarket business is a direct result of the informal market converting to the formal market.
Are controversies in science driven by randomness and misbeliefs

12 Recent years have brought about the realisation of an irreproducibility crisis in science, which may have numerous causes, including common standards of statistical analysis. For decades, the methodological paradigm of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) has remained under harsh, yet rather ineffective criticism. Here, we show that the vast majority of contradictions between the results of distinct studies may be fictitious, resulting from misbeliefs about NHST. To exemplify how they appear, we provide extensive reanalyses of results from high-profile literature and reveal statistical uncertainties that customarily remained obscured by the NHST paradigm. Widespread awareness of these uncertainties accompanied with quantitative interpretation of the results is the first step in assessing the actual scale of the irreproducibility problem and eradicating it. 13
A Mechanism for the Erosion of EB PVD TBCS

Since the introduction of electron beam (EB) physical vapour deposition (PVD) TBCs and their application to moving components in the hot gas stream, erosion has become a prime concern. This project has been involved in determining the erosion mechanism of EB PVD TBCs, in order to develop a computational erosion model. The unique columnar microstructure of the EB PVD TBCs precludes the use of the classical brittle erosion mechanisms. This meant that a thorough investigation into the erosion mechanism of the coatings was necessary before it would be possible to develop a model to predict material wastage. This paper looks at the erosion of EB PVD TBCs and discusses the type of damage caused by erosion as well as proposing a mechanism of erosion. It was found that in all cases the erosion of the coatings proceeds through the accumulation of damage in the form of horizontal cracks in the columns of the coating and subsequent removal of the fractured sections. 1. INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF 'THE STATE OF THE ART'
Preparation of ZnO Thin Films Using Zn/O-containing Single Precursor through MOCVD Method

A new Zn/O single source precursor, TMEDA-Zn(eacac) 2 , has been synthesized by using N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-ethylendiamine (TMEDA), sodium ethyl-acetoacetate, and ZinCl 2 . From this organometallic precursor, ZnO thin films have been successfully grown on Si (100) substrates through the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method at relatively mild conditions in the temperature range of 390∼430 °C. The synthesized ZnO films have been found to possess average grain sizes of about 70 nm with an orientation along the c-axis. The precursor and ZnO films are characterized through infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, EI-FAB-spectroscopy, elemental analyses, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopic analyses.
Vocational Education in the ‘Sharing Economy’, and the Changing Nature of Professionalism.

Architecture is a vocational programme, leading to membership of the profession of architecture. The education of Architects in the UK is conducted in universities, but HEI funding incentives and industry aspirations for future professional practice are not aligned. In pursuit of funding and league-table recognition, HEIs seek to appoint PhD-qualified, specialist candidates to permanent academic posts. Meanwhile, government and industry policy pushes in the direction of collaborative practice, supported to some extent by institutional accreditation criteria requiring generalist abilities and holistic industry awareness. From this viewpoint, the widespread recruitment of the part-time tutor is clearly essential. The input of practising tutors is required to deliver the industry aspirations for professional education. This paper will outline recent developments leading to the current explosion in zero-hours contracts, and then further expand the argument by considering the future nature of professionalism. Vocational education, and its professional accreditation, is predicated on the assumption that professions are static, specialised groups, operating within a defined spectrum of engagement. This presumption of stasis in future economic transactions is not logical in a rapidly expanding sharing economy. The increasingly collaborative, complex construction industry in contemporary society requires instead, the engagement of agile, networked, cross-disciplinary professionals.
Bandwidth Enhancement of Small Square Monopole Antenna with Dual Band Notch Characteristics Using U-Shaped Slot and Butterfly Shape Parasitic Element on Backplane for UWB Applications

─ In this study, a dual band notch microstrip antenna for UWB applications has been presented. The antenna consists of a stepped patch with U-shaped slot, two rectangular shaped slots in the ground plane and a butterfly shaped parasitic backplane element structure. By inserting two rectangular shaped slots in the ground plane, much wider impedance bandwidth can be produced. This modification significantly improves the antenna’s impedance bandwidth by 155% which covers the entire UWB bandwidth range and even more. In order to generate single band notch characteristic, a butterfly shaped conductor backplane structure is utilized on the ground plane side of the substrate. In addition, by cutting a U-shaped slot on the radiating patch, a dual band notch function is achieved. The measured frequency results show an impedance bandwidth of 2.35-13 GHz for a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) less than 2 with two eliminated bands placed at 3.25-3.85 GHz and 4.9-6.2 GHz, which reject the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) band, WiMAX band, and a major part of the C-band. The measured E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns show a very good correlation with the requirements of UWB applications. Index Terms ─ Dual band notch, monopole antenna, parasitic element, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), U-shaped slot.
Corporate Governance, Auditing and Earnings Management Through Accounting Choices and Operational Decisions in Brazil

This article examines whether enhanced corporate governance, auditing by one of the Big Four and auditors’ opinions, are associated with the propensity to engage in earnings management through accounting choices or operational decisions in Brazil. Although there are some studies on earnings management by Brazilian companies, very few have examined the presence of operational decisions in this practice and none has addressed how to minimize this. Using our own models to infer earnings manipulation by accounting choices and operational decisions, we investigate if firms that manage earnings through discretionary accruals also make operational decisions for the same purpose. The evidence from a sample of Brazilian firms suggests that listing on the Novo Mercado (New Market) segment of the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, which requires enhanced corporate governance practices, among other requirements, and auditing by one of the Big Four firms reduce earnings management by accounting choices, and that an auditors’ opinion with reservations is an indicator of earnings management. However, except in special cases, listing in the Novo Mercado segment and auditing by the Big Four do not assure less earnings management by operational decisions.
Shifting metaphors in direct-to-consumer genetic testing: from genes as information to genes as big data

This article analyses shifts in metaphors in direct-to-consumer genetic testing, analyzing the websites and select media coverage of the nutrigenetic testing company Sciona (2000–2009) and the personal genome service 23andMe (2006–). Sciona represented genes and communication through the classical metaphor of information; genes coded for disease, and this information was transmitted from the expert company to the consumers. 23andMe represented genes and communication through a new metaphor of big data; genes were digital data or a resource that was browsed, correlated with other data, uploaded and retrieved across lay customers, websites and companies. In terms of understanding health 23andMe tests and research still cast genes as coding for disease to be mitigated by lifestyle change and targeted drugs. However, rendering genes digital data or resources changed their social and economic meaning; genes could be circulated, shared and traded, which legitimized 23andMe’s business model of consumer genetics and private biobanking.
Hardfacing of AISI 1020 Steel by Arc Welding in Comparison with TIG Welding Processes

Hardfacing techniques are used for enhancing the life of various machine parts by rebuilding the worn out or eroded or corroded areas in them. In this paper, an attempt has been made to determine the better welding process to hardface AISI 1020 steel based on study of wear and other factors. Two types of welding processes - Arc welding and tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) have been compared. The study revealed that the specimens prepared using TIG welding process yielded better wear properties compared to the specimen prepared using Arc welding process till 1.256 m/s sliding velocity. Also it was observed that the Arc welding process yielded better wear properties for sliding velocities above 1.571 m/s. An attempt was made to study the reasons for getting the said results. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1. 11899 J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 119-126 (2013)