Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SDCT: Multi-Dialects Corpus Classification for Saudi Tweets

There is an increasing demand for analyzing the contents of social media. However, the process of sentiment analysis in Arabic language especially Arabic dialects can be very complex and challenging. This paper presents details of collecting and constructing a classified corpus of 4180 multi-dialectal Saudi tweets (SDCT). The tweets were annotated manually by five native speakers in two stages. The first stage annotated the tweets as Hijazi, Najdi, and Eastern based on some Saudi regions. The second stage annotated the sentiment as positive, negative, and natural. The annotation process was evaluated using Kappa Score. The validation process used cross validation technique through eight baseline experiments for training different classifier models. The results present that the 10-folds validation provides greater accuracy than 5-folds across the eight experiments and the classification of the Eastern dialects achieved the best accuracy compared to the other dialects with an accuracy of 91.48%.
Security of a CBDC

La securite contribue grandement a assurer la confiance du public dans une monnaie numerique de banque centrale (MNBC). Ce document presente les caracteristiques de securite qu’un systeme de MNBC doit avoir integrees ainsi que les problemes que posent les solutions existantes, dans l’eventualite ou la Banque du Canada choisirait d’emettre une telle monnaie.
Bootstrapping Baysian Inverse Reinforcement Learning in Robotics through VR Demonstration

In traditional reinforcement learning, the exploration has always relied on the use of a single clearly identified reward. However, when this is applied to robotics or real-world tasks, it could prove to be a challenge as the exploration is done in environments where there is a sparse reward. The two main contributing factors behind this is the low probability of the agent encountering the reward when random exploration is done, and the complicated nature of the surroundings in real-world applications. With machine learning already imposing a strong presence in the field of engineering, we turn to robotics to explore how demonstrations could be used to tackle this exploration hurdle. Although the demonstration data, or “teacher data” is commonly placed together with its original data in the action state value function, this could prove to be a problem as it could result in overlearning or under-learning, where the demonstrator’s data plays a much larger role or smaller role than intended. Thus, in order to alleviate this issue, inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is used to calculate the reward, a hidden feature, from the demonstrator’s behavior trajectory(s,a),which is recorded from a VR embedded Gazebo environment . Meanwhile, in order to further tackle the learning issue, a bootstrapping Baysian inverse reinforcement learning scheme is proposed to obtain the distribution of reward, instead of the single reward at maximum likelihood.
SLIT: An Energy-Efficient Reconfigurable Hardware Architecture for Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

SUMMARY Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have dominated a range of applications, from advanced manufacturing to autonomous cars. For energy cost-e ﬃ ciency, developing low-power hardware for CNNs is a research trend. Due to the large input size, the ﬁrst few convolutional layers generally consume most latency and hardware resources on hardware design. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an innovative architecture named SLIT to extract feature maps and reconstruct the ﬁrst few layers on CNNs. In this reconstruction approach, total multiply-accumulate operations are eliminated on the ﬁrst layers. We evaluate new topology with MNIST, CIFAR, SVHN, and ImageNet datasets on image classiﬁcation application. Latency and hardware resources of the inference step are evaluated on the chip ZC7Z020-1CLG484C FPGA with Lenet-5 and VGG schemes. On the Lenet-5 scheme, our architecture reduces 39% of latency and 70% of hardware resources with a 0.456 W power consumption compared to previous works. Even though the VGG models perform with a 10% reduction in hardware resources and latency, we hope our over-all results will potentially give a new impetus for future studies to reach a higher optimization on hardware design. Notably, the SLIT architecture e ﬃ ciently merges with most popular CNNs at a slightly sacriﬁcing accuracy of a factor of 0.27% on MNIST, ranging from 0.5% to 1.5% on CI-FAR, approximately 2.2% on ImageNet, and remaining the same on SVHN databases.
Stabilizing the Dynamic p−i−n Junction in Polymer Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells

A poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) oligomer capped with methacrylate end groups can conduct ionic species for the formation of p−i−n junction in polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). The polymerization of the methacrylate during the junction formation can mitigate the nonuniformity of the doping frontiers and enhance the uniformity and stability of the junction. Sandwich-structured LECs employing this ionic conductor exhibit both high electroluminescent efficiency and stability. Luminous efficiency greater than 15 lm/W has been obtained using a yellow light-emitting poly(1,4-phenylene vinylene) derivative (Super-Yellow by Covion). In accelerated lifetime testing, the brightness dropped to 75% of the maximum 2200 cd/m2 of luminance (T75%) in 102 h under constant current operation; this corresponds to a lifetime (T75%) of 27 000 h at 100 cd/m2 of peak brightness. Both the efficiency and lifetime are comparable to the best-performing polymer OLEDs optimized for commercial applications.
Anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemia and antioxidant properties of roots of Ventilago maderaspatana Gaertn on Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Different extracts (Alcoholic, Hydroalcoholic and Chloroform) of Ventilago maderaspatana (V.maderaspatana; Family- Rhamnaceae) were evaluated for toxicity unto 3000 mg kg -1 . In oral glucose tolerance test chloroform extract did not produce significant glucose lowering effect. Alcoholic and hydroalcoholic extracts of V.maderaspatana (VMAE and VMHAE) elicited significant glucose tolerance effect. Hence VMAE and VMHAE were screened further by streptozocin induced diabetic model. VMAE and VMHAE significantly lowered blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, creatinine, urea and increased HDL cholesterol, serum insulin and liver glycogen levels when compared to standard drug glibenclamide (10 mg kg -1 ). V.maderaspatana also increased catalase levels and decreased lipid peroxidase and glutathione reductase. VMAE and VMHAE elicited significant dose-dependent antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity. VMHAE at 500 mg kg -1 induced more significant antidiabetic activity than VMAE (500 mg kg -1 ). VMAE at 500 mg kg -1 elicited more antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity compared to VMHAE (500 mg kg -1 ).
Identification and Thermokinetics of Autocatalytic Exothermic Decomposition of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene

The thermal stability and autocatalytic decomposition of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is investigated under dynamic and isothermal conditions using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The temperature range of initial exothermic temperature (T 0) is 272.4-303.5 °C,and its decomposition enthalpy (ΔH d) is about 2.22 kJ · g-1.An identification method based on a numerical simulation technique from the Swiss Institute for the Promotion of Safety and Security (Swiss method) is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the decomposition reaction,revealing that the decomposition of 2,4-DNT is potentially autocatalytic.The Malek method is used to determine the most probable mechanism function and kinetic parameters of 2,4-DNT decomposition.The Sestak-Berggren model with two parameters is suitable to describe the autocatalytic decomposition of 2,4-DNT,which is consistent with the results of the Swiss method and isothermal experimental results.Isothermal DSC experiments confirmed that the decomposition of 2,4-DNT is autocatalytic.
THE IMPACT ON LEAN PRACTICES BY OPERATIONAL FACTORS: EVIDENCE FROM THE MANUFACTURING FIRMS OF PAKISTAN

Purpose: The study has aimed to identify the effect of lean practices on the operational performance of manufacturing firms in Pakistan. Design/Methodology: Using a positivistic deductive approach, the study has collected 211 responses from the supply chain professionals of manufacturing firms of Karachi, Pakistan using a purposive sampling technique. PLS-SEM has been employed for data analysis using SmartPLS version 3.2. 8. Findings: The study has manifested that lean practices can enable manufacturing firms of Pakistan to improve their operational performance. Implications: Kanban is one of the most effective and tested methods to do this. Kanban is a mechanism that controls the flow of products within a supply chain by using visual signals (cards). There is a Kanban card attached to each object, container, crate, or pallet. The Kanban card details the products and amounts to purchase, so the factory floor may request the right parts. Workers take the card and give it to the department of sales. Originality: The study has not been employed in the Pakistan context while due to lack of lean application in the industrial sector of Pakistan; the implications may encourage organizations towards lean practices. Moreover, lean practices can enable large-scale manufacturing firms to improve their performance in the current downturn.
Dietary intakes and their association with weight status in male and female school children in South India: A cross-sectional study

Abstract BackgroundWith India going through a nutrition transition evaluating food consumption of children is important. The present analysis was done to cross-sectionally examine the diets of school-aged children by sex and weight status. MethodsUrban school-going children 8-15 years of age, representing all strata of socio-economic status were recruited through stratified quota sampling. Dietary intake was assessed by three interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recalls. The proportion with inadequate intakes for macro- and micro-nutrients and percentage energy intake of macronutrients below and above the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) were compared between sexes. Association of dietary intake with weight status were examined by multinomial logistic regression in boys and girls separately with the reference category being the highest tertile of each food group intake. ResultsTotally, 634 children were recruited (13.7% boys, 15.6% girls underweight;18.8% boys, 18.5% girls overweight). In general, boys had significantly higher mean intakes of all nutrients (p<0.05) except for vitamin B 12 (0.96 µg in boys versus 0.87 µg in girls, p=0.055) and vitamin A (225.4 µgRAE in boys and 222.2 µgRAE in girls, p=0.073). The prevalence of inadequate intake was the highest for vitamin A (96.8% in boys vs 94.8% in girls, p=0.152). The proportions of inadequacy were significantly higher in girls for all nutrients (p<0.05), except for folate and vitamin A. High carbohydrate intake (OR:3.11; 95% CI:1.55, 6.24, p=0.002) and low fat intake (OR:2.15; 95% CI:1.06, 4.35, p=0.041) were significantly associated with underweight in girls but not for boys. After adjusting for age and total energy intake, lower intake of vegetables and higher intake of fruits were significantly associated with underweight boys while, lower intake of root vegetables, nuts, milk products and added sugar were associated with underweight girls. A higher proportion of overweight boys was observed in the lowest tertile of pulse intake and lower proportion in the lowest tertile of nut intake. Overweight girls were more likely to be in the lowest tertile of meat intake. ConclusionsChildren’s diets need to be improved to meet nutrient requirements. Promotion of healthy diets in children which reduce prevalence of underweight and arrest increase in overweight is required.
ANALISA TINGKAT PELANGGARAN HUKUM DI LAUT INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE TRIPLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING

Violation of the law at sea is one indicator to measure the security level of a country. To maintain security stability at sea in Indonesia, the Government needs to forecast the number of violations of the law at sea to determine the next policy. Forecasting is a picture of events that will occur in the future. The method used to predict law violations in the Indonesian seas is the Triple Exponential Smoothing (TES) Hold-Winters, the TES method is a pretty good forecasting method for long-term, medium-term and short-term forecasting. The processed data is data on law violations in the Indonesian seas from 1996 to 2019 from the Indonesian Maritime Security Agency. The results obtained from this study are the results of the analysis of the level of accuracy of the MAD, MSE, MAPE, MSE and RMSE data to find the smallest error value. The results of the study have predicted the number of law violations at sea in Indonesia in the next five years will decrease with forecasting values ​​(94 86 79 71 61) with a constant value of alpha = 0.9, beta = 0.2, and theta = 0.1 and the average value absolute percentage error (MAPE = 3,%) and mean root error value (RMSE = 6.38). The contribution of this research can be considered by Bakamla to set up a joint operations strategy with other institutions that have legal authority in the Indonesian seas.
The efficacy of Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 in improving quality of life in patients with chronic constipation

Background: Chronic constipation is a functional disorder that decreases patient’s quality of life (QOL). Because dysbiosis has been associated with constipation, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 (BBG9-1) in improving QOL in constipated patients. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, non-blinded, single-arm, feasibility trial. A total of 31 patients received BBG9-1 treatment for 8 weeks, followed by a 2-week washout period. The primary endpoint was the change in the overall Patient Assessment of Constipation of QOL (PAC-QOL) score relative to that at the baseline after probiotic administration. Secondary endpoints included changes in intestinal flora, stool consistency, frequency of bowel movement, degree of straining, sensation of incomplete evacuation, and frequency of rescue drug use. Results: The overall PAC-QOL scores and frequency of bowel movement were significantly improved after BBG9-1 administration compared to those at baseline (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively). There were no statistically significant changes in other clinical symptoms. Subset analysis revealed that patients with the initial Bristol Stool Form Scale of < 4 had improvements in stool consistency, a significant increase in the frequency of their bowel movements, and a significant alleviation in their degree of straining following BBG9-1 administration. Sarcina at the genus level and Sarcina maxima at the species level were significantly increased. Functional analysis showed that butanoate metabolism increased significantly, whereas methane metabolism decreased significantly. Conclusions: BBG9-1 is safe and improves the QOL of constipated patients. The underlying improvements may be due to changes in stool consistency. Trial registration: UMIN 000029969. Registered 15 November 2017, https://www.umin. ac.jp/
Federated Learning for Collaborative Prognosis

: Modern industrial assets generate prodigious condition monitoring data. Various prognosis techniques can use this data to predict the asset’s remaining useful life. But the data in most asset fleets is distributed across multiple assets, bound by the privacy policies of the operators, and often legally protected. Such peculiar characteristics make data-driven prognosis an interesting problem. In this paper, we propose Federated Learning as a solution to the above mentioned challenges. Federated Learning enables the manufacturer to utilise condition monitoring data without moving it away from the corresponding assets. Concretely, we demonstrate Federated Averaging algorithm to train feed-forward, and recurrent neural networks for predicting failures in a simulated turbofan fleet. We also analyse the dependence of prediction quality on the various learning parameters.
Impact of the Decision Horizon on Railway Systems Maintenance and Service Scheduling

Prognostics and health management (PHM) has, recently, gained a lot of attention in the rail transportation context. However, most works in this ﬁeld focus on the prognostic process. However, prognostics is not the end of PHM in itself, its results have to be used to better manage the life cycle of systems. PHM decision phase is applied to plan action in both operational and maintenance ways based on the current condition and the estimated RUL. One important parameter of this phase is the length of the scheduling horizon. In this paper, we propose a methodology to set the suitable values of this main parameter. In this paper, we also study the inﬂuence of some rolling stocks application parameters on the value of the decision horizon. As a result, we obtain a range of values for the decision horizon that optimizes the maintenance and service policies.
Uncertainty in Data Mining

: This paper aims to articulate the current approaches to handle the uncertainty problem in data mining (DM). The difficulties in DM are given to show the impact of the uncertainty problem in DM’s various applications. As it has been stated that is no common DM method to handle the uncertainty problem in DM and based upon the literature of cognitive science, this paper highlights a new classification approach to overcome the uncertainty problem in DM that is the Relative-Fuzzy (RF) approach and its ML/RFL-Based Net software tool.
EFFECT OF ABSCISIC ACID AND CHLOROCHOLINE CHLORIDE ON NODULATION AND BIOCHEMICAL CONTENT OF VIGNARADLIATA L.UNDER WATER STRESS

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) and chlorocholine chloride (CCC) on growth, nodulation and changes in endogenous level of plant hormones indole acetic acid (IAA) and Gibberellic acid (GA) of mung bean grown under normal or water stress conditions. Two varieties (cv.NM 98 and cv.HCM 209) of mung bean were soaked in 10 M ABA or in chlorocholine chloride and grown for five weeks under non-stress conditions after which water stress was imposed at 50% flowering (37 days after sowing). Drought stress reduced fresh and dry weight of root and shoot,decreased the diameter of pink bacteroid tissue and number of root nodules. However, ABA and CCC pre-soaking treatments partially alleviated the inhibitory effect of drought. Pre-soaking with ABA or CCC in non-stressed or stressed plants caused increase in proline, protein, sugar and chlorophyll content and peroxidase activity of leaves. However, ABA treatment caused a maximal increase in proline accumulation while maximal increase in peroxidase activity was observed in plants raised from seeds treated with CCC. Likewise, endogenous levels of phytohormones GA and IAA were also increased following ABA application.whereas, CCC increased IAA. Maintenance of water budget by increase in relative water content of leaves,geater increase in proline production,higer activity of antioxidant enzyme, peroxidae and better survival of Rhizobium in soil following ABA and CCC application appears to be the mechanism for providing mung bean tolerance to water stress. The effects of CCC was similar to ABA under water stress and may be implicated to combat water stress on farmers level because of better cost benefit ratio as compared to ABA. Keyword: nodulation, mungbean, water stress, abscisic acid, chlorocholine
Motivation for participation in rehab therapy and stress-coping styles in alcohol dependent women and men

Introduction: A review of literature on styles of coping with stress and motivation for therapy in alcohol dependent women and men was conducted. It was concluded that empirical data published hitherto allows the identification of gender differences, but precludes the creation of unequivocal models of motivation and coping with stress in women and men. Material and methods: Ninety volunteers (33 F and 57 M), age 22 to 70 years (M = 43.70; SD = 11.26), attending rehab therapy (M = 7.97 months; SD = 5.76) in Upper Silesia addiction therapy centre took part in the study. Respondents fill in a demographic data questionnaire, Treatment Motivation Questionnaire and Coping with Stress Questionnaire. Results: It was shown, that: 1) passive waiting for help from others is significantly more frequent in women than in men; 2) incompetence in coping is significantly higher in women than in men; 3) need for learning new things and for growth is slightly higher (statistical tendency) in women than in men; 4) women significantly more often than men apply emotion-oriented strategies; 5) Men significantly more often than women seek out social contacts; 6) women significantly more frequently than men engage in replacement activities. Discussion: The pattern of the obtained results was different for women and men. Women wait passively for help from others, they believe in their own helplessness and are prone to reduce emotional tension. Men cope with stress throughout by seeking out social contacts. Conclusions: In therapeutic work with women, external motivators should be underlined, while working with men internal motivators should be used more frequently. In the group of females, the competencies required for identifying, accept-ing and coping with difficult emotions are crucial. In the group of males, the competencies for seeking out adaptive social relations are required.
Fair Value Hierarchy and Audit Fees: An Empirical Analysis based on the Listed Banks in China

The key to the criticism of fair value lies in the lack of measurement in the active market quotation, while the fair value hierarchy hopes to make up for the reliability of fair value information by increasing disclosure. Using listed commercial bank data from 2007 through 2016, this paper documents that the assets and liabilities measured by fair value are significantly positively associated with audit fees. The positive association between audit fees and the fair value obtained via Level 2 or Level 3 inputs is greater than that Level 1.These results indicate that when the fair value needs to be estimated, the auditor needs to increase audit effort with resulting in higher audit fees. Moreover, the balance of assets and liabilities that fair-valued using Level 2 inputs is the largest and accounts for the highest proportion, which leads to more substantial changes in audit expenses. This result is consistent with the scale determinism of audit expenses. At the same time, due to the impact of professional judgment on the fair value hierarchy and the absence of corresponding supervision, the management has the motivation to use hierarchy for earnings management. The assets and liabilities that fair-valued using Level 2 inputs may represent the characteristics of fair value earnings management, audit risk is higher.