Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Scientific Productivity of Selected Universities in the Philippines

This paper presents a survey of the productivity, in terms of international scientific publications, of 465 PhDs in the science and engineering colleges of selected research universities in the Philippines. It covers the period 1998-2002. Publication counts are based on research articles listed in the Science Citation Index of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Results indicate that the average productivity of the faculty surveyed is less than one (1) international publication in five (5) years. Only one of the academic units included in the survey was able to achieve the world-class benchmark for research excellence, which is at least one international publication per faculty member per year.
Mackerel icefish size and age differences and long-term change at South Georgia and Shag Rocks

This study analysed the total length (LT)-frequency distribution of mackerel icefish Champsocephalus gunnari at South Georgia and Shag Rocks from nine bottom trawl surveys at South Georgia and eight at Shag Rocks between 1987 and 2002. The estimated mean LT of age-classes 1+, 2+, 3+ and 4+ years during January were, respectively, 14·7, 23·5, 29·8 and 35·1 cm at South Georgia. Age-classes 1+, 2+ and 3+ years were 18·3, 26·2 and 33·8 cm at Shag Rocks. The derived Bertalanffy growth parameters for South Georgia were: L∞ = 51·7 cm, k = 0·27 and t0 = −0·26. The mean LT of each age-class of C. gunnari at Shag Rocks was significantly larger than at South Georgia, equivalent to c. 5 months growth, although the annual growth in LT was similar. This is further evidence that C. gunnari hatched earlier at Shag Rocks. At South Georgia, the mean LT of age-classes 1+ and 3+ years were correlated, and significantly decreased between 1987 and 2002, and were smaller following warmer summers. This decrease in the size of C. gunnari may be the result of reduced food availability linked to climate warming.
16 microsatellite loci for the Australian Great Artesian Basin spring amphipod, Wangiannachiltonia guzikae

Abstract. 454 Next Generation sequencing was used to develop a set of microsatellite markers for the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) amphipod, Wangiannachiltonia guzikae. Primers were designed for 42 microsatellite loci. A total of 22 loci were successfully amplified and 16 characterised using 30 individuals from a single GAB spring population. Across these 16 loci, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 0.818 (mean = 0.445) and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12 (mean = 6.688). Of these 16 loci, however, only 10 were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, though all 16 loci should be retained for further studies in the event that stochastic events affected equilibrium of this single population.
Porcupine burrow distribution in relation to soil types in Sarawak, Malaysia

Although porcupines are reported to be relatively widespread in forests and cultivated areas in Malaysia, there is no published information on their roost site preferences. The objective of this study was to determine if porcupines ( Hystrix brachyuraand Hystrix crassispinis ) select particular soil types in which to construct burrows in Sarawak. Seven porcupine burrow locations in the Bintulu-Miri area of Sarawak with a total of 30 burrow holes were located. The burrow locations were marked using the Global Positioning System and overlaid with maps of the soil series in Sarawak to determine the relationship between the burrow location, soil type and soil series. The porcupines were found to inhabit areas where the soils were from the Merit/Bekenu soil series. Merit soil series show an increased clay content with moderate to well drained soil, while the Bekenu soil series is defined as well drained with good permeability. The results suggest that the porcupines prefer soils that are relatively easy to excavate but at the same time provide burrow stability. This suggests that the soil profile of the landscape can be used to predict the probability of the presence of porcupines in the area.
Analysis of rDNA Regions of Five Freshwater Unionid Mussel Species in Presque Isle Bay, Southeastern Lake Erie

ABSTRACT Population structure and fecundity of freshwater mussels can be difficult to assess due to the benthic habitat and complex life cycles of these organisms. However, rapid and reliable classification of unionids can be accomplished with polymerase chain reaction if species-specific DNA primers are established. In this report we describe the sequence analysis of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions from five mussel species (Amblema plicata, Fusconia flava, Lampsilis siliquoidea, Ligumia nasuta, and Pyganodon grandis) isolated from a refuge in Lake Erie. Sequence comparison revealed strong similarities between A. plicata and F. flava and between L. siliquoidea and L.nasuta. P. grandis contained regions of additional DNA not present within the other species. Our study confirmed the placement of Ligumia nasuta within the Lampsilinae. The analysis also revealed DNA sequences within the ITS1 and ITS2 regions that are species-specific. Thus, the development of species-specific PCR primers can be utilized for analysis of adult populations and for glochidia on host fish.
Variabilité des caractères physico-chimiques des fruits de trois espèces ligneuses de cueillette récoltés au Sénégal: Adansonia digitata , Balanites aegyptiaca et Tamarindus indica

Introduction . Adansonia digitata L. , Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. et Tamarindus indica L. figurent parmi les especes fruitieres de cueillette les plus appreciees par les populations sahelo soudaniennes. Leur role sur le plan nutritionnel et sur la generation de revenus est important. La degradation des ecosystemes constitue une menace sur la ressource en fruits de cueillette et sur la diversite genetique de ces especes. La premiere etape du programme de domestication mis en œuvre au Senegal consiste a en caracteriser la variabilite naturelle, dans le cadre d’une demarche participative visant la selection d’accessions interessantes pour la qualite des fruits. L’objet de cette etude a ete de comparer, pour chacune des especes, les fruits de differentes accessions. Materiel et methodes . Les analyses ont porte sur une caracterisation biometrique des fruits, completee par une analyse chimique sommaire (eau, sucres solubles totaux, acidite libre totale). Resultats et discussion . Pour la totalite des criteres etudies, l’exploitation des donnees a montre des differences significatives entre les accessions au sein de chaque espece. Pour les caracteres biometriques, un gradient decroissant de variabilite apparait selon la sequence : Adansonia vers Tamarindus vers Balanites . Le critere de « valeur reelle de la pulpe » a permis de cibler des accessions plus interessantes que d’autres. Les caracteres chimiques ont presente une moindre variabilite. Conclusions . Les differentes accessions etudiees presentent une variabilite exploitable pour la diffusion aux populations locales de varietes performantes d’especes fruitieres repondant a leurs besoins et a leurs moyens.
High temperature induced fertility transition and anther carbohydrate metabolism modification in a canola recessive genic male sterile line

High temperature stress is an important abiotic stress during plant growth and development that can damage canola male reproductive organ development. In this present study, we characterized a canola genic male sterile line that its fertility can be restored after high temperature induction with heterozygous but not homozygous condition. Anther length and weight was elongated and increased 2 and 5.7 times at 9 days after high temperature treatment in heterozygous line. Furthermore, viable pollen grain was produced in the anther. Anther carbohydrate content was assayed. The result showed that fructose and sucrose contents were much more stable under heat stress both in hetero- or homozygous lines. However, glucose and starch content was considerably increased after high temperature treatment in heterozygous line. In particular, anther glucose content was twice as much as that of starch content after 5 days high temperature treatment. Activity of neutral invertase, acid invertase, and sucrose synthase were increased in the anther of heterozygous line under heat stress. But activity of neutral invertase was the highest among these three sucrose cleavage enzymes. Both activity of sucrose phosphate synthase and starch phosphorylase were decreased under heat stress in the anther of heterozygous line. Activity of ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase was greatly increased in the heterozygous line, which was beneficial for starch accumulation. Transcription level of carbohydrate related genes was analyzed. 27 and 34 of the carbohydrate related genes were identified for down- and up-regulated in the anther of heterozygous line, respectively. Their function involved in the regulation of heat tolerance of heterozygous line was also discussed. Key words: Canola, carbohydrate, gene.
Owlet Caterpillars of Eastern North America

I began reading this volume thinking that my review might be biased. I had selected a systematics text from the stack: I do not like systematics texts, which seem so dry and boring. What a welcome surprise. In my opinion, “The Owlets of Eastern North America” is the most beautifully conceived and well-organized book about the Lepidopteran Family Noctuidae imaginable! Principal funding came from awards from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team; The University of Connecticut; and The Nature Conservancy. The USFS Forest Initiative funding was discontinued early into the work, and its completion was facilitated by grants from The Nature Conservancy. The Forest Service should have given the authors sufÞcient funds to Þnish such a monumental work, but as usual, longterm projects are not their forte. The introductory sections are extremely informative. I have seen Noctuids as an entomologist in western forests and never realized their importance in the ecology of forests, grasslands, and terrestrial ecosystems. Owlets are both tasty morsels and crucial sources of food for bats, grizzly bears, and forest omnivores. They are important pollinators because of their key relationship with birds (especially songbird nestlings). They are indicators of climate change. However, two dozen Eastern species are pests. These include cutworms, the corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea Boddie) and tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens F.). Regardless of the crop pest species, no native eastern noctuid species is a forest insect pest and rarely does any species cause defoliation in an Eastern forest ecosystem. A section on morphology and chaetotaxy are extremely clear. I now understand how owlets are classiÞed, and that their setae are keys to the process. The owlets can be collected and reared, if necessary, if the investigator is patient. In addition, of course many are attacked by parasites and parasitoids. Diversity is a hallmark of the owlets. Wait until you as a reader get to the 550 pictures and the species illustrations. Wow! I have never seen anything like Wagner et al. do with each species. A picture of the larvae is matched with photos of a live adult and museum (pinned) specimen. One thing that struck me immediately, and then began to amuse me mightily, was the names of the owlets. Have you ever met a Four-lined Chocolate or the Scaled Zale? As I read one page, I found that I could not wait to read the next. This is one of just a few entomological page-turners I have ever read. I recommend this text for graduate and undergraduate courses on entomology or forest entomology or forest ecology. Would I buy The Owlets? Yes. Now I love and appreciate them! I cannot wait until the authors complete a companion volume on Western species.
Analysis of "Anaplasma marginale" strains grown "in vitro"

Anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne pathogen that affects ruminants worldwide, causing a disease called anaplasmosis. The disease is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of the New World, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia where it causes large economic losses in the cattle industry. A. marginale is an obligatory intracellular bacterium that multiplies only within tick cells or ruminants' erythrocytes. Many differences among A. marginale strains have emerged, which were probably driven by continuous exposure to different host immune systems during the transition of bacteria between ticks and vertebrates. The vast majority of studies aiming at elucidating differences between strains were conducted on the genomic level, and little is known about protein expression. Thus, this thesis investigates differences in protein regulation among A. marginale strains. A. marginale cultivated in vitro are in general an excellent source of organisms for experimentation. Furthermore, culture-derived organisms offer an alternative to the use of experimental animals. Many studies require intracellular organisms free from host cell debris. Therefore the use of Percoll gradients for the separation of A. marginale was evaluated. Bacteria isolated in this way contained only minimal amounts of IDE8 cell stroma but most importantly they retained their viability. A. marginale purified this way can be used directly for proteomic studies or for vaccination trials. In this thesis three geographical A. marginale strains grown in vitro have been partially characterized by gene and serological analyses. The differences on the proteomic level have been assessed by the 2D-DIGE technique, indicating that many antigenic membrane proteins are differentially regulated among the strains examined. Some of these proteins are also known to be virulence-associated. Increasing the number of strains in continuous in vitro cultivation, and improving purification methods for rickettsia, allow researchers to investigate differences in protein expression between A. marginale strains, and therefore identify proteins which could be incorporated into an improved vaccine against anaplasmosis.
Aortic Body Tumor in a Dog

Aortic body tumors were investigated macroscopically and microscopically in a 2-year-old, clinically normal, male cross- breed dog. Two tumor masses measuring 4 x 4 x 3 cm in size were determined. One of them was located on the A. subclavia dextra and the other one was located on the A. carotis communis dextra and they adhered to the adventitia of these vessels. The tumor masses were encapsulated within a thin capsule and lobulated with yellowish-brown areas and were elastic in structure. Yellowish-white and red-brown focal areas were seen on the cut surface. In addition, a yellowish-white tumor mass measuring 2 x 3 x 3 cm in size was present in the facies auricularis of the heart base at the atrioventricular border, at the level of origos of the sulcus interventricularis paraconalis and at the caudalis of the truncus pulmonalis.
Effects of Acidic Media Pre-incubation on Flax Enzyme Retting Efficiency

Overnight incubation of flax straw in a weakly acidic (pH 2) solution decreases the amount of enzyme needed for virtually complete retting by two to three orders of magnitude, as judged by a modified Fried test. This effect is probably based on removal of Ca2+ crosslinking pectin chains in the middle lamella. Washing the enzyme-retted fibers in ethanol and then in acetone or in 0.1 M KOH reduces their stickiness and matting, thus apparently eliminating dry-back. The methods show potential usefulness for the development of a commercial enzyme retting process.
A revision of the Pliocene and Quaternary Lutrinae from Europe

In this paper, a revision of the Pliocene and Quaternary Lutrinae from Europe is presented. Such a revision, including fossil material, has not been published since the work of Pohle (1919). Three tribes within the Lutrinae are recognized: the Lutrini, the Aonyxini and the Enhydrini. The latter comprises both Enhydra and the Enhydriodon group. The genus Nesolutra, consisting of three insular species, is not retained. Two are included in Lutra and for N. ichnusae a new genus, Sardolutra, is proposed. The genus Isolalutra is not retained either. Its only species, I. cretensis, is included in the genus Lutrogale. Some new material of this species is described. A number of well-preserved fossils of Cyrnaonyx antiqua are described, such as the hitherto unknown skull and upper carnassial as well as postcranial material from Tornewton Cave. The systematic position of the species and genus is reviewed in detail. A new specimen of Enhydra reevei from Bramerton is described. The morphology of the M1 supports the inclusion of the species in Enhydra. The functional morphology and the ecology of the reviewed species is discussed and compared to extant lutrines. Adaptations in the postcranial skeleton indicate a very aquatic way of life for Lutra simplicidens, L. trinacriae, L. euxena and, to an even greater extent, Sardolutra. Lutrogale cretensis on the contrary shows a more terrestrial adaptation. Cyrnaonyx shows adaptations similar to Lutra and probably was a stream dweller, thus differing from its extant relative Aonyx. From the dentition and the endocranial cast, conclusions on the feeding habits are drawn. The described Lutra and Sardolutra species were probably all specialized on motile prey, viz. fish. Lutrogale, Algarolutra, Megalenhydris and Cyrnaonyx show adaptations to a mixed diet, consisting of both fish and shellfish, though differences in the feeding habits between those forms are noted also. Enhydra reevei probably fed on shellfish exclusively. In the last part, the phylogeny and palaeogeography of the Lutrinae are discussed. It is argued that the oldest Lutrinae, Mionictis spp. , originated from the Melinae. The phylogeny of the Lutrini can be reconstructed relatively well. The ancestry of the island forms in the Mediterranean is discussed in some detail. For the Aonyxini, the fossil record is rather poor and a reconstruction of the phylogeny is virtually impossible. The origin of Cyrnaonyx is uncertain and the ancestry of Megalenhydris is unknown. The origin of the Enhydrini is somewhat obscure. The group reached a wide distribution and gave rise to the Enhydra line. The relationships between the species are discussed. The problems involved in island species are considered. Remarks on the presence of otters in unbalanced island faunas are made. The peculiar taphonomy of otter fossils on islands is noted.
The first experiences of music students with Dalcroze-inspired activities: A phenomenological study

This phenomenological study investigated the meaning of Dalcroze-inspired activities for first-year Baccalareus Musicae (BMus) students during a music education module and describes the essence of this experience for them. In the first semesters of 2011 and 2013, these movement activities were concurrently facilitated during workshops by a licensed Dalcroze teacher and during the semester by a senior lecturer in music education. In the first semester of 2012, a Dalcroze student in her final year presented workshops and another music education lecturer facilitated the activities. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews, reflective essays and reflective descriptions until data saturation was reached. Data were organized using Atlas.ti 7 and analysed by means of coding, categorizing, and the identification of themes. The following main themes have been identified: social integration, joyful experience, bodily experience, easier understanding, and musical expression. This article will provide a deeper understanding of what it is like for first-year BMus students in South Africa to experience Dalcroze-inspired activities. Their experiences can inform the use of Dalcroze-inspired activities in music education at tertiary level and support advocacy for the embodied and enactive view of music cognition.
Effects of Delays between Harvest and 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment, and Temperature during Treatment, on Ripening of Air-stored and Controlled-atmosphere-stored Apples

The effects of temperature during 1-MCP treatment, and the effects of delays of up to 8 d after harvest before treatment, have been investigated using 'Cortland', 'Delicious', 'Jonagold', and 'Empire' (normal and late harvest) apple ((Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf. ) cultivars stored in air for 2 and 4 months and in controlled at- mosphere (CA) storage for 4 and 8 months. Fruit were treated with 1 µL·L -1 1-MCP for 24 hours on the day of harvest (warm) or after 1, 2,3,4, 6, or 8 days at cold storage temperatures. CA storage was established by day 10. Little effect of temperature during treatment (warm fruit on the day of harvest compared with cold fruit after 24 hours of cooling) was detected. Major interactions among cultivars, handling protocols before 1-MCP treatment, storage type and length of storage were observed. Delays of up to 8 days before 1-MCP treatment either did not affect effi cacy of treatment, or markedly reduced it, depending on cultivar, storage type and length of storage. The results indicate that, depending on cultivar, the importance of minimizing the treatment delay increases as storage periods increase.
Skill

This article reviews concepts and measures of skill in the social sciences. Conceptual positions differ in the ultimate origin of bases for skill, the locus and nature of skill valuation mechanisms, the extent of social constructionist influences, and the dimensionality of skill. An emerging consensus posits two organizing dimensions: substantive complexity and autonomy control. The major research designs that include the study of skill are highly varied and complementary in their knowledge yield. The major measurement strategies have shifted in recent years from nonmeasures and indirect measures of skill to direct measures of two types: expert systems and self-report measures. The review considers in detail the major expert system, the Dictionary of Occupational Titles, in terms of population coverage, aggregation bias, reliability, validity, and relationship to self-report measures.
Cladostrobus and the systematics of cordaitalean leaves

Cladostrobus Zalessky, 1918, is a male strobilus with spirally arranged microsporophylls, having a rhomboid lamina and a long stalk. The sporangia occur in groups. Microspores are of monosaccate type and are without a haptotypic mark. The name Cladaitina dibnerae gen. et sp. nov. is introduced for isolated spores of this kind. Cladostrobus may be a male strobilus of plants that bore Rufloria leaves. The group Cordaitales, as known now, comprises a heterogeneous assemblage of incompletely known plants, mostly sterile leaves. An artificial classification is proposed for sterile leaves, similar to the one already in vogue for dispersed spores and pollen. This classification is in fact a key for identification and cataloguing, and is not meant to show natural affinities.
Genetic Diversity of Gastrointestinal tract Fungi in Buffalo by Molecular methods on the basis of Polymerase Chain Reaction

Buffalo are able to utilize feed more efficiently than beef cattle where the feed supply is of low quantity and or quality. Therefore, the present study was conducted to establish the community structure of anaerobic rumen fungi in buffalo using molecular approaches. Polymerase chain reaction approach was used in this study to determine the population of major anaerobic rumen fungi in buffalo in digesta and rumen fluid. Total community DNA was extracted, and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 region was amplified, cloned, and sequenced. The resulting nucleotide sequences were used to construct a phylogenetic tree. A total of 12 clones were analyzed. Sequence analysis of ITS1 spacer seems a promising tool for comparing a variety of rumen fungal isolates.