Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The location of Oort Cloud comets C/2011 L4 Panstarrs and C/2012 S1 ISON on a comet evolutionary diagram

The secular light-curves (SLCs) of comets C/2011 L4 Panstarrs and C/2012 S1 ISON are plotted. The brightness of both comets increased steeply after discovery but decreased sharply at ∼4–5 au, a characteristic of Oort Cloud cometary light-curves referred to as a slope discontinuity event (SDE). After the SDE, the SLC of C/2011 L4 continued to increase and had a surge near perihelion. The SLC of comet C/2012 S1 ISON, on the other hand, is very unusual and exhibits a SDE plus a near-standstill after the event. Five other comets with similar behaviour, namely C/1996 Q1 Tabur, C/1999 S4 LINEAR, C/2002 O4 Honig, C/2010 X1 Elenin and C/2012 T5 Bressi, are known, all of which disintegrated. Thus it is predicted that comet ISON will disintegrate too. Published production rates of water, dust and CO were compiled and used to calculate the mass-loss budget. This information was used for ISON to calculate the diameter and to plot 29 comets in an evolutionary diagram that separates comets by class. A diameter D = 1030 ± 70 m was found, in excellent agreement with the upper limit found by Delamere and colleagues, D(mean) < 1126 m. It is evident that the SLCs exhibit complexity beyond current scientific understanding. Note: the comet disintegrated as predicted (CBET 3731) while this paper was being refereed.
Stochastic thermo-elastic stability analysis of laminated composite plates resting on elastic foundation under non-uniform temperature distribution

Composite structures have inherent dispersion in system properties due to lack of strict quality control and the characteristics of the large parameters involved with the manufacturing and fabrication process. The transverse shear deformation effects are considerably pronounced in composite laminates and must be incorporated while studying the buckling and post-buckling behavior of laminates under in-plane thermally induced loading. Thermal buckling of geometrically nonlinear plate structures is one of the major design criteria for an efficient and optimal usage of materials and then buckling loads are of extremely inherent in the design and developments of high performance composite component for stability point of view. The variation in the system properties of the composite materials necessitates the inclusion of randomness of system properties in the analysis; otherwise predicted response may differ significantly rendering the structures unsafe. For reliable and safe design especially for sensitive engineering applications in thermal environments, accurate prediction of system behavior of composite structures in the present of uncertainties in the system properties fevers a probabilistic analysis approach by modeling their properties as basic random variables.
Detecting Incipient Caries Using Front-illuminated Infrared Light Scattering Imaging

A new method for early caries diagnosis was proposed and tested through a home-made optical examination system that used quantitative light fluorescence (QLF) and digital imaging fiber optic transillumination (FOTI) (DIFOTI), with light sources across a wide spectral range, from 350 nm to 1,000 nm. The front-illuminated infrared light scattering image (FIR) showed similar diagnostic abilities to that of DIFOTI. The FIR method was invented based on the observation that caries lesions lose the high transmittance and low scattering properties of benign enamel tissue. There are various methods for the early diagnosis of caries, such as visual examination, exploration, X-ray radiography, QLF, FOTI, and infrared fluorescence (diagnodent). Among them, methods based on optical properties are regarded as having the most potential. A comparative study was performed between the FOTI, QLF, diagnodent, optical coherence tomography, and FIR scattering image methods, using 20 extracted teeth samples with early caries. A scale of lesion measurement based on optical image contrast was proposed. The statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between the DIFOTI and FIR methods (r
Stratifying Risk of Falls in Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults Through a Simple Tool

Purpose. Falls are among the main disabling events for elderly adults and the identiﬁcation of old people prone to falls enables the development of preventive and rehabilitative strategies. This study aimed to develop a simple tool, based on easily obtained variables (anthropometric measurements, motor performance tests and sociodemographic characteristics), to early identify community-dwelling old people prone to falls. Methods. The population-based household study was conducted among 316 elders ( 60 years old) of both sexes, living in the urban area of Lafaiete Coutinho in Brazil. History of falls in the previous 12 months (dependent variable), sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and motor performance tests results (explanatory variables) were recorded, and a multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify the association between the explanatory variables and the history of falls. Fall probability for each elderly adult was calculated from the logistic regression parameters, and the predictive power of the final model and the cutoff for higher propensity to fall were evaluated on the basis of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results. The prevalence of falls was 25.8% and the final model was influenced by the variables of sex (female) and poor performance in the balance test. The estimated probability model predicted approximately 66.5% (95% CI, 61–72%) of the falls. The sensitivity and specificity were 58 and 70%, respectively. Conclusions. We conclude that there is a high prevalence of falls among the studied elderly individuals, and the proposed method allowed to construct a simple tool for screening old adults prone to fall.
An Efficient Method for Direct Shoot Regeneration from Leaf Explants of Solanum nigrum Induced by Thidiazuron

Direct shoot regeneration was established from leaf, petiole and nodal explants from in vitro and field grown plants of Solanum nigrum on Murashige and Skoog (MS), and Gamborg’s (B5) media containing different levels of plant growth regulator, Thidiazuron (TDZ). Comparison of the individual effect of basal media, levels of TDZ, explant type or source of explants on shoot regeneration was tested. Percent shoot regeneration from leaf explant was highest (86.66%) followed by in vitro source of explant (83.65%), B5 basal medium (83.20%) or 2.27 μM TDZ (73.70%) after 60 days of initial culture. The number of shoots was highest (35.10) with 9.13 cm longest shoot at 2.27 μM TDZ. There was a little correlation between predictors and dependent variables was found; whereas, GLM analysis demonstrated significant correlation between the factors. In vitro shoots were transferred to a half-strength MS medium containing different concentrations of NAA or IBA in MS or B5 medium. MS medium produced 100% roots supplemented with 0.5 μM NAA after 28 days. However, stout and hardy rooted shoots were obtained at 0.5 μ IBA with 10.19 mean number and 5.57 cm long roots. Rooted shoots were shifted to ex vitro conditions in polyethylene-cups filled with peat moss: sand: garden soil (1:1:1) with 85.50% survival with true-totype morphology under the natural conditions. The present investigation demonstrated that TDZ may be used for high frequency direct shoot regeneration from leaf explants of S. nigrum on B5 basal medium. This protocol may be useful for subsequent high yielding metabolites producing plants. © 2017 Friends Science Publishers
Three new barium dwarfs with white dwarf companions: BD+68°1027, RE J0702+129 and BD+80°670

We report three new barium (Ba) dwarfs lying in Sirius-like systems, which provides direct evidence that Ba dwarfs are companions to white dwarfs (WDs). Atmospheric parameters, stellar masses, and chemical abundances of 25 elements, including light, $\alpha$, Fe-peak and s-process elements, are derived from high resolution and high S/N spectra. Enhancement of s-process elements with [s/Fe] ratios between 0.4 and 0.6 confirm them as mild barium stars. The estimated metallicities ($-$0.31, $-$0.06, 0.13) of BD+68$^\circ$1027, RE~J0702+129 and BD+80$^\circ$670 are in the range of known Ba dwarfs and giants. As expected, observed indices of [hs/ls], [s/Fe] and [C/Fe] show anticorrelation with metallicity. AGB progenitor masses are estimated for the WD companions of RE~J0702+129 (1.47 $M_{\odot}$) and BD+80$^\circ$670 (3.59 $M_{\odot}$), which confirms the predicted range of progenitor AGB masses (1.5 $\sim$ 4 $M_{\odot}$) for unseen WDs around Ba dwarfs. Surface abundances of s-process elements in RE~J0702+129 and BD+80$^\circ$670 are compared with AGB models and they are in close agreement, within predicted accretion efficiencies and pollution factors for Ba stars. These results support that the origin of s-process overabundances in Ba dwarfs is similar to Ba giants via McClure hypothesis in which Ba stars accumulate s-process elements through mass transfer from their host companions during AGB phase.
Evidence for deep melting of hydrous metasomatized mantle: Pliocene high‐potassium magmas from the Sierra Nevadas

[1] Phase equilibrium experiments have been conducted on a primitive Pliocene olivine leucitite (WC-1) from the central Sierra Nevada, California. The near-liquidus phase relations were determined from 1.2 to 3.4 GPa and at temperatures from 1350° to 1460°C in a piston-cylinder apparatus. The composition with ∼2% H 2 O is multiply saturated with olivine and clinopyroxene at approximately 3.1 GPa and 1460°C and with 6% water in the coexisting melt phlogopite is stable. These results indicate that the magma was derived from a hydrous source at greater than 100 km depth. Xenoliths carried by other young Pliocene lavas in the vicinity of WC-1 have yielded temperatures of equilibrium from 700° to 900°C, with one outlier at 1060°C. These xenoliths are consistent with the hypothesis that the lower lithosphere under the Sierra Nevada delaminated just prior to the Pliocene, and fluid-metasomatized mantle melted to produce the high-potassium Pliocene lavas. We suggest that subduction-derived fluids drive a reaction that consumes garnet + orthopyroxene to create clinopyroxene + phlogopite, and that the high-potassium Sierran magmas are created by melting phlogopite-clinopyroxene metasomatized peridotite.
Effect of Repeated Testing to the Development of Vocabulary, Nominal Structures and Verbal Morphology

The repeating testing has shown to increase the general proficiency level of the students. Metsamuuronen (2013) showed with an experimental study that the overall achievement level in a secondary language enhanced statistically significantly whit repeated testing design. Previously, Tuvling (1967) and Karpicke & Roediger (2008) showed with a laboratory experiment that remembering the material studied is the most efficient with repeated testing sessions rather than with repeated studying sessions. An explanation for this, given by Lasry, Levy and Tremblay (2008), is that the repeated testing leads to multiple traces to the memory, which optimizes recall. This study concentrates on the increase in the proficiency level in Vocabulary, Nominal structures and Verbal Morphology after the set of exhaustive testing sessions. It also reviles change in the proficiency levels of the students in these areas during the study process. The experimental group gained more than the control group in all areas though the difference is statistically significant only in the content of Vocabulary. The effect sizes are high (Cohen’s d > 1.0). In all areas of interest, the learning curve was of wide U-shape after the elementary period of studies.
A Safety Data Model for data analysis and decision making

The systems related to safety are becoming more and more important and are dependent on complex data both in terms of volume and variety. This is especially of importance in applications demanding data analysis, intensive maintenance and focuses on the potential threats due to possible data errors, such as railway signaling, traffic management etc. Errors in analysis of data could result in loss of many lives and financial loss such as the cases of Annabella container shipBaltic Sea accident (United Kingdom Merchant Shipping, Regulations 2005 – Regulation 5). Despite these potential errors in data leading to accidents or mishaps, this part of the system has been ignored; this study focuses on the integrity of data in safety critical applications. It did so by developing a method for building metadata through a data chain, mining this metadata and representing it in such a way that a consumer of the data can judge the integrity of the data and factor this into the decision-making aspect of their response. This research proposes a design, implementation and evaluation of a safety data model that helps to ensure integrity of data use for data analysis and decision making to prevent loss of lives and properties. Modern and sophisticated ETL software tools including Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Data Tools and Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio were explored. The data were extracted from Safety Related Condition Reports (SRCRs) dataset and used data mining techniques to transform and filter unsafe and hazardous data from the extracted data and stored the safe data into the Data Warehouses (DWs). The prototype was able to load data into designated DWs. The success of the developed model proved that the prototype was able to extract all datasets, transform and load data into the DWs and moved extracted files to archive folder within 7.406 seconds.
Oil prices and government bond risk premiums

This article analyses the impact of oil price on bond risk premiums issued by emerging economies. No empirical study has yet focussed on the effects of the oil price on government bond risk premiums. We develop a model of credit spread with data from the EMBIG index of seventeen countries, from 1998 to 2008. An analysis in time series has been carried out on each country. Then we use a panel analysis to determine the global impact of oil prices on the risk perceptions of investors. Finally, we suggest a new estimator for the oil price to take into account the effect of the price variance. We show that the oil price influences the risk premiums of sovereign bonds, along with the price volatility that increases the accuracy of the model.
The design of a Bayesian Network for mobility management in Wireless Sensor Networks

Mobility management functions in WSNs are mainly being developed from a ommunicational point of view, since the focus has been on maintaining the network connectivity. However, from a sensing point of view, sensor mobility has also an impact on the network spatial coverage. In mobile WSNs, the extension of the spatial coverage is often changing, and as a result, the region of interest might be inaccurately sensed by the mobile sensors. Therefore, the representation of a movement context is important to avoid making interpretations and decisions outside of the situation in which the WSN is capturing information; and make possible to decide where, when and how the sensing is performed with the most suitable spatial coverage of a region of interest. This paper proposes a Bayesian Network (BN) approach for (a) making explicit the structural and parametric components of a movement context using WSN metadata, and (b) probabilistically inferring the mobility management requirements when a WSN spatial coverage is insufficiently covering a region of interest. A controlled experiment was carried out and the results show that the BN has successfully inferred different mobility management requirements according to a given movement context. Two movement contexts have been used to illustrate this approach. They are related to whether the environmental sensing is being carried out in an emergency situation or not.
A latent variable approach to dealing with missing or inaccurately measured variables: the case of income

While not generally discussed in applications, it is clear to most choice modellers that explanatory variables relating to alternatives and socio-demographic variables relating to decision makers are potentially affected by a number of important problems. These include measurement error, correlation with other unobserved factors, systematic errors such as lying or cheating by respondents, and missing values. Standard approaches to these problems are: to ignore the first two, to assume that the third does not happen and either to remove responses with the fourth problem or to impute missing values from observations of other respondents. This paper aims to propose a methodology to deal with these four problems through a latent variable approach. The variable chosen for the analysis is respondent income, a key variable in many applications of choice models, used to explain both heterogeneity in cost sensitivity and differences in underlying preferences for specific products or services. Measures of income in choice data is commonly affected by the above four problems: measurement errors in categorically captured income, correlation with unobserved variables such as accessibility to specific, systematic over- or under-statement of income, and missing income values for those who refused to answer. This paper postulates a latent income variable, which is expressed by the following three model components: a choice model where the latent income is included as an explanatory variable; a structural model where income is explained by other measured variables; and a measurement model where the latent income variables is used to explain reported income. The measurement model is applied to those respondents who reported income and those who do not provide income do not contribute to the measurement model component but still contribute to the other two components. The proposed structure has a number of theoretical advantages. In comparison with using stated income as an explanatory variable for choice models, we are able to deal with the above first three problems better. In comparison with using imputation of missing values, our latent income is informed not only by those respondents who reported income but also those with missing income through the choice model and structural model components. Two empirical applications illustrate the good performance of the method in practice. The first case study uses stated choice data collected in the UK, looking at route choice for public transport users, while the second data set is a revealed preference sample for car ownership in Japan. The rates of missing income range from 12.5% of responses in the stated choice data to 37% of responses in the revealed preference data. Crucially, in both case studies, the latent model approach provided superior fit in explaining choices, along with reasonable estimates of the role of income in the choices.
Host Ferritin Translocates into the Chlamydial Inclusion: A Clear Alteration in its Subcellular Distribution as a Result of Infection

In the present study, the subcellular distribution of the major iron storage protein ferritin was investigated in cell cultures infected for various times with Chlamydia trachomatis or Chlamydia pneumoniae. In C. trachomatisinfected cells, confocal microscopy showed that ferritin was localized in the cytoplasm and did not overlap with the chlamydial staining, when examined 2, 5 and 10 h post-infection (pi). Interestingly, 18 h pi, the immunostaining indicated translocation of ferritin to the chlamydial inclusion. At 44 h pi, the localization of ferritin indicated a dramatic cytoplasmic redistribution and recruitment to C. trachomatis inclusion. For C. pneumoniae, ferritin did not colocalize with the inclusion until 40 h pi, when it was reduced in the cytoplasm and superimposed strongly with the chlamydial staining. At late stage of C. pneumoniae infection (70 h pi), predominant ferritin staining colocalized with the inclusion. Serial optical sections made by the confocal microscopy and the immunogold labeling technique confirmed the presence of ferritin inside of the chlamydial vacuole. The evidence presented in this work indicates an existence of a translocation system used by Chlamydiales to attract and acquire host proteins as large as ferritin through the inclusion membrane.
Enhanced Rgb-D Mapping Method for Detailed 3d Modeling of Large Indoor Environments

Abstract. RGB-D sensors are novel sensing systems that capture RGB images along with pixel-wise depth information. Although they are widely used in various applications, RGB-D sensors have significant drawbacks with respect to 3D dense mapping of indoor environments. First, they only allow a measurement range with a limited distance (e.g., within 3 m) and a limited field of view. Second, the error of the depth measurement increases with increasing distance to the sensor. In this paper, we propose an enhanced RGB-D mapping method for detailed 3D modeling of large indoor environments by combining RGB image-based modeling and depth-based modeling. The scale ambiguity problem during the pose estimation with RGB image sequences can be resolved by integrating the information from the depth and visual information provided by the proposed system. A robust rigid-transformation recovery method is developed to register the RGB image-based and depth-based 3D models together. The proposed method is examined with two datasets collected in indoor environments for which the experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the proposed method
AN EFFICIENT DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION METHOD FOR DATA

The current data tends to be more complex than conventional data and need dimension reduction. Dimension reduction is important in cluster analysis and creates a smaller data in volume and has the same analytical results as the original representation. A clustering process needs data reduction to obtain an efficient processing time while clustering and mitigate curse of dimensionality. This paper proposes a model for extracting multidimensional data clustering of health database. We implemented four dimension reduction techniques such as Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Self Organizing Map (SOM) and FastICA. The results show that dimension reductions significantly reduce dimension and shorten processing time and also increased performance of cluster in several health datasets.
An Examination between the Relationships of Conflict Management Styles and Employees' Satisfaction

This study examined the relationships between conflict handling styles and subordinates’ satisfaction with supervision. Data from 139 respondents from major industries in Malaysia including service, manufacturing, mining and construction demonstrated that subordinates were more satisfied with their superiors’ supervision through their exercise of integrating, compromising, and obliging styles. On the other hand, subordinates who perceived their superiors as primarily utilizing dominating and avoiding style viewed them as incompetent in supervision and thus lowering their level of job satisfaction.