Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Work values of Lithuanian university students: Internal structure

Individual’s work values define his/her career purposefulness. Individual’s chosen work values allow foreseeing what activity context and career model is important for him/her, seeking to successfully realize oneself in professional activity. Planning his/her professional career an individual is searching for the activity sphere, which could conform not only to his/her personal features, but also to his/her value orientations. Work values important for the individual allow realizing if they form conditions for planning modern career (successfully solve constantly changing activity problems and to correspond to always new raised requirements for a person in the organisation or in labour market), the realisation of which in today’s constantly changing labour market and social context becomes more and more problematic. Empiric research was carried out seeking to discover the work (activity) value structure. The research instrument was created by the authors of the research. Two hundred sixty five first-year students from three Lithuanian universities participated in the research. These are the main higher education institutions, preparing teachers in Lithuania. The obtained results show that work value structure of the first year students studying in social and humanitarian science programmes can be expressed by 6 main factors: responsible activity values, active work values, harmony values, reward values, activity style values, and social status values. Also, the main differences were ascertained between female and male work value structure. Responsible activity values, active work values and harmony values were much more important for female than male students.
Early Care Experiences and Later Functioning of Romanian Foster Children

How do harsh early environments affect children’s development? The answer to this question is complex and difficult to determine for a variety of reasons. However, data obtained from the Romanian child-welfare system provided a new opportunity to approach this question. We examined the association between the pathways children followed leading to their placement in foster families and their behaviors. The four pathways identified were: (a) children placed directly from biological families into foster families, (b) children abandoned in nurseries before placement in foster families, (c) children abandoned in maternity wards before placement in foster families, and (d) children who resided in placement centers (formerly called orphanages) before placement in foster families. Overall, children in the Placement Center Pathway showed the most psychological and behavior problems, second was the Nursery Pathway, third was the Biological Family Pathway, and finally the Maternity Pathway had the least problems. It is important to note that it is not the intention of the present study to draw a definitive causal arrow between placement centers and later functioning. Data from the present study, and future studies of this type, will help policy-makers, practitioners, and researchers ascertain existing needs of these children so that future efforts to improve foster care may be directed to these areas.
MiniGRAIL progress report 2001: the first cooldown

The results of the first cooldown of MiniGRAIL are presented. MiniGRAIL is a 65 cm diameter spherical gravitational wave detector made of CuAl6%, having a mass of 1150 kg. The sphere is suspended from a seven-stage vibration isolation system with a total weight of about 950 kg. The sphere should be cooled to below 20 mK. During the first run the sphere was cooled down to 1.8 K. A forced helium flow was used to cool the sphere down to 4 K, which took only two days. Further cooling to 1.8 K was done using a 1 K pot. We measured the temperature dependence of the mechanical quality factor and made an evaluation of the heat leaks (for more details see www.minigrail.nl).
Matchings and Hamilton cycles in hypergraphs

It is well known that every bipartite graph with vertex classes of size $n$ whose minimum degree is at least $n/2$ contains a perfect matching. We prove an analogue of this result for uniform hypergraphs. We also provide an analogue of Dirac's theorem on Hamilton cycles for $3$-uniform hypergraphs: We say that a $3$-uniform hypergraph has a Hamilton cycle if there is a cyclic ordering of its vertices such that every pair of consecutive vertices lies in a hyperedge which consists of three consecutive vertices. We prove that for every $\varepsilon > 0$ there is an $n_0$ such that every $3$-uniform hypergraph of order $n \geq n_0$ whose minimum degree is at least $n/4+ \varepsilon n$ contains a Hamilton cycle. Our bounds on the minimum degree are essentially best possible.
Forest Biomass Policy in Minnesota: Supply Chain Perspectives on Barriers to Bioenergy Development

Forest biomass used for heating, electricity, and biofuel production is a source of energy that could reduce the dependence on energy imports while reinvesting domestically. Using the appropriate scale and technology, the US state of Minnesota is poised for increased forest bioenergy production due to the large existing forest products industry. Forest bioenergy investments have been slow to materialize despite state and federal incentives, and this research aims to determine what barriers there are to bioenergy development from the perspective of supply-chain actors by applying theories of natural resource governance. Findings from interviews include the need to create an equitable playing field in terms of energy subsidies and integrate forest bioenergy production with bio-based markets, including traditional forest product markets. Additionally, interviews indicate poor coordination and shared responsibility among state agencies, industry associations, and nonprofit organizations, resulting in a fragmented policy system. Principles to guide enabling forest bioenergy development are identified and discussed in the context of the study findings.
Determination of Mesalamine Related Impurities from Drug Product by Reversed Phase Validated UPLC Method

In the present study gradient reversed-phase UPLC method was developed for simultaneous determination and separation of impurities and degradation products from drug product. The chromatographic separation was performed on acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) using gradient elution. Other UPLC parameters which were optimised are flow rate, 0.7 mL/min; detection wavelength, 220 nm; column oven temperature, 40 °C and injection volume 7 µL. Stability indicating capability was established by forced degradation experiments and separation of known degradation products. The method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline. For all impurities and mesalamine, LOQ (limit of quantification) value was found precise with RSD (related standard daviation) of less than 2.0%. In essence, the present study provides an improved low detection limit and lower run time for evaluation of pharmaceutical quality of mesalamine delayed-release formulation. Moreover, the developed method was successfully applied for quantification of impurities and degradation products in mesalamine delayed-release formulation. The same method can also be used for determination of related substances from mesalamine drug substance.
The Multi-Tenant Data Placement Problem

With the advent of the Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) deployment model, managing operational costs becomes more and more important for providers of hosted software. The cost for hosting and providing a service is directly proportional to the operational margin that can be achieved when running a SaaS business. Possible avenues for reducing operational costs are consolidation (i.e. co-locating multiple customers onto the same server) and automation of cluster management (i.e. migration of customers between servers, automatic replication for performance or high availability). In this paper, we propose the formalization for the problem of assigning “tenants” (i.e. the customers) to servers of an on-demand database cluster. We will pose this problem in the form of an optimization problem, omitting database specifics and thus presenting the problem in an abstract fashion, using the metaphor of assigning tokens to baskets (i.e., tenants to servers). This formalization is both a first step towards solving the placement problem in an efficient way and a helpful basis for comparing multiple solutions to the problem to each other.
Matrilineal genetic structure of the brown bear population in Finland

Abstract We analyzed phylogenetic relationships of brown bear (Ursus arctos) maternal lineages in Finland using nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial control region of 135 individuals. A total of 14 haplotypes, which belong to 2 haplogroups, were characterized. Haplogroup I is spread across the entire bear range, whereas haplogroup D is restricted to the southeastern part of the country. Most unconventional was the concentration of haplotype C in a small territory in central Finland, which is explained by the natal philopatry of bears that descended from one or more translocated females. Analysis of Finnish brown bear haplotypes together with 15 European eastern lineage haplotypes revealed that the Romanian–Slovakian region was probably an important refuge (or route) for recolonization of Finland by brown bears after the last ice age.
A Controllable Voltage Equalizer with State of Charge Prediction for Supercapacitors in Large Current Applications

Abstract The voltage imbalance of cells will reduce supercapacitor stack storage efficiency, and even cause permanent damage. To address this issue, a controllable voltage equalizer with state of charge prediction is proposed in this paper. First, the voltage equalizer is designed by using the controlled multiple-output DC-DC converter to provide a large equalization current. Then, a dynamic linear-recursive model is introduced to predict the state of each supercapacitor. Using the state of charge prediction, a control strategy is proposed to regulate the cells' charging current. The proposed voltage equalizer can obtain the complete balance of capacitor voltage in large current applications. The simulation and experiment results validate the efficiency of the proposed voltage equalizer.
Measurement of the drift velocity and transverse diffusion of electrons in liquid xenon with the EXO-200 detector

The EXO-200 Collaboration is searching for neutrinoless double β decay using a liquid xenon (LXe) time projection chamber. This measurement relies on modeling the transport of charge deposits produced by interactions in the LXe to allow discrimination between signal and background events. Here we present measurements of the transverse diffusion constant and drift velocity of electrons at drift fields between 20 V/cm and 615 V/cm using EXO-200 data. At the operating field of 380 V/cm EXO-200 measures a drift velocity of 1.705-0.010+0.014mm/μs and a transverse diffusion coefficient of 55±4cm2/s.
Stochastic spatial disaggregation of extreme precipitation to validate a regional climate model and to evaluate climate change impacts over a small watershed

Regional climate models (RCMs) are valuable tools to evaluate impacts of climate change (CC) at regional scale. However, as the size of the area of interest decreases, the ability of a RCM to simulate extreme precipitation events decreases due to the spatial resolution. Thus, it is difficult to evaluate whether a RCM bias on localized extreme precip- itation is caused by the spatial resolution or by a misrepre- sentation of the physical processes in the model. Thereby, it is difficult to trust the CC impact projections for local- ized extreme precipitation. Stochastic spatial disaggregation models can bring the RCM precipitation data at a finer scale and reduce the bias caused by spatial resolution. In addition, disaggregation models can generate an ensemble of outputs, producing an interval of possible values instead of a unique discrete value. The objective of this work is to evaluate whether a stochas- tic spatial disaggregation model applied on annual maximum daily precipitation (i) enables the validation of a RCM for a period of reference, and (ii) modifies the evaluation of CC impacts over a small area. Three simulations of the Canadian RCM (CRCM) covering the period 1961-2099 are used over a small watershed (130 km 2 ) located in southern Quebec, Canada. The disaggregation model applied is based on Gibbs sampling and accounts for physical properties of the event (wind speed, wind direction, and convective available poten- tial energy - CAPE), leading to realistic spatial distributions of precipitation. The results indicate that disaggregation has a significant impact on the validation. However, it does not provide a precise estimate of the simulation bias because of the difference in resolution between disaggregated values (4 km) and observations, and because of the underestimation of the spatial variability by the disaggregation model for the most convective events. Nevertheless, disaggregation illus- trates that the simulations used mostly overestimated annual maximum precipitation depth in the study area during the reference period. Also, disaggregation slightly increases the signal of CC compared to the RCM raw simulations, high- lighting the importance of spatial resolution in CC impact evaluation of extreme events.
Plio-Pleistocene fossil mammalian microfauna of southern Africa - a preliminary report including description of two new fossil Muroid genera (Mammalia: Rodentia)

Analyses are presented of the mammalian component of rich microfaunal fossil breccia collections mainly of owl pellet origin from the Transvaal Plio-Pleistocene australopithecine sites Kromdraai, Sterkfontein and Makapansgat Limeworks, with briefer references to Swartkrans, Langebaanweg and the Makapansgat Cave of Hearths. Identification of rodent incisors has proved useful in showing Cryptomys robertsi to be a distinct extinct species occurring with C. hottentotus, and in indicating, thliough the common possession of doubly ridged incisors, a relationship between Mystromys , the Cricetomyidae and certain fossil Cricet~dontidae. The fossil assemblages are generally similar to modern ones but elephant shrews (several species) and dormice are relatively commoner, and the once dominant cricetid Mystromys has declined in favour of the murid Mastomys. Two genera, Crocidura and Saccostomus are absent from the older fossil sites, appearing only in the more recent Cave of Hearths, while on the other hand there are certain lineages now extinct. Of these Mystromys darti Lavocat has been rediscovered in abundance in in situ Rodent Corner breccia at Makapansgat, yet it is totally absent from other parts of the Limeworks deposit, suggesting a more complex stratigraphy than previously realised. It is referred to a new genus, Stenodontomys, with a second species from Langebaanweg. Another extinct cricetid previously known under a manuscript name as "Mystromys cookei" , common to Makapansgat, Taung and the Krugersdorp district sites, is formally described for the first time also under a new generic name, Proodontomys. On microfaunal evidence Makapansgat is definitely older than the Krugersdorp sites, of which Kromdraai is perhaps the oldest and Swartkrans the youngest. Certain extinct fossils link Makapansgat to Langebaanweg (Stenodontomys) , Kromdraai (Macroscelides proboscideus vagans) and Taung (Gypsorhychus). Suggestions that Taung is significantly younger than other australopithecine sites are not supported. CONTENTS Page Introduction. 70 Studies on Rodent Incisors . 70 Status of Cryptomys robertsi Broom . 70 Relationships of the genus Mystromys . ,. 70 Kromdraai, Sterkfontein and Swartkrans. 72 Composition of the faunas . 72 Possible implications for dating of the sites . 75 Langebaanweg . 75 Cave of Hearths . 76 Makapansgat Limeworks . 76 Exit Quarry Basal Red Mud (EXQRM) Collection. 76 Makapansgat Rodent Corner In Situ (MRCIS) Pink Breccia Collection. 76 Makap~nsga~ Limeworks Dump (MLWD) Collection . 76 TaxonomIc sectIon. 82 Proodontomys n. gen. . 82 Stenodontomys n. gen. . 86 Acknowledgements . 90 References . :. 90 MS Accepted 9 April 1987 © Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg
KIDZ DESIGN LAB: BUILDING DESIGN THINKING FOR THE FUTURE

The Kidz Design Lab (KDL) is a new and unique way of enabling customers to be participants in a design process. It is a lab, a methodology and a brand where kids develop products for kids. This paper presents the methodology of KDL, which represents an extreme exemplar case illustrating the inclusion of end users as designers. As the customers themselves develop the product, the methodology emphasises embedding the customer into the particular setting of the product rather than to empathise with them, as suggested by design thinking. The methodology of KDL extends the scope of the design process and incorporates the development of a business case, packaging design and marketing as well as negotiation with producers and distributors. In particular, the products are sold based on a presentation of the prototypes to distributors, rather than the final product. This enables KDL to severely reduce risk for the owner of the product as well as shorten the process from an initial idea until the product is in the store. Based on the documentation of the design process using a television crew, KDL enables storytelling and personification. The holistic thinking of KDL has important implications for practitioners in that it shows the benefit of integrating different stakeholders related to a product in the development process. It also illustrates the benefit of developing process facilitation skills for product developers in order to enable involvement of customers. As the product is sold before production, KDL allows for extensive risk reduction compared to many traditional product development processes.
An unconditional maximum likelihood test for a unit root

We investigate a test for unit roots in autoregressive time series based on maximization of the unconditional likelihood. This is the likelihood function appropriate for stationary time series. While this function is the true likelihood only under the stationary alternative, it can nevertheless be maximized for any data including data from a unit root process. It thus gives a way to test for unit roots, provided percentill~s can be calculated. For models with estimated means, the power of the new test is better than that of some currently popular tests.
Diversification Linkage Model and Firm Performance: A Literature Review

This paper focuses on diversification as a strategic choice with long term implications. Purpose of this study to describe the fundamental theories of diversification and forms relationship of diversification model and firm performance. The approach is to review diversification theory and firm performance, and examines the relationship model of diversification and firm performance. Research findings show the fundamental theory of diversification: Market Power View, Resources Based View, Internal Transaction Cost and Agency Theory viewed as the creation of the firm performance. It was found that relationship between diversification to firm performance can shapes linear, curviliniear and intermediate linkage models. Key Words: Diversification, Firm Performance
On Bayesian procedure for maximum earthquake magnitude estimation

This work is focused on the Bayesian procedure for the estimation of the regional maximum possible earthquake magnitude m max . The paper briefly discusses the currently used Bayesian procedure for m max , as developed by Cornell, and a statistically justifiable alternative approach is suggested. The fundamental problem in the application of the current Bayesian formalism for m max estimation is that one of the components of the posterior distribution is the sample likelihood function, for which the range of observations (earthquake magnitudes) depends on the unknown parameter m max . This dependence violates the property of regularity of the maximum likelihood function. The resulting likelihood function, therefore, reaches its maximum at the maximum observed earthquake magnitude m obs max and not at the required maximum possible magnitude m max . Since the sample likelihood function is a key component of the posterior distribution, the posterior estimate of m^ max is biased. The degree of the bias and its sign depend on the applied Bayesian estimator, the quantity of information provided by the prior distribution, and the sample likelihood function. It has been shown that if the maximum posterior estimate is used, the bias is negative and the resulting underestimation of m max can be as big as 0.5 units of magnitude. This study explores only the maximum posterior estimate of m max , which is conceptionally close to the classic maximum likelihood estimation. However, conclusions regarding the shortfall of the current Bayesian procedure are applicable to all Bayesian estimators, e.g. posterior mean and posterior median. A simple, ad hoc solution of this non-regular maximum likelihood problem is also presented.
Comparative study of polar and semipolar (112¯2) InGaN layers grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy

InGaN layers were grown simultaneously on (112¯2) GaN and (0001) GaN templates by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy. At higher growth temperature (≥750 °C), the indium content (<15%) of the (112¯2) and (0001) InGaN layers was similar. However, for temperatures less than 750 °C, the indium content of the (112¯2) InGaN layers (15%–26%) were generally lower than those with (0001) orientation (15%–32%). The compositional deviation was attributed to the different strain relaxations between the (112¯2) and (0001) InGaN layers. Room temperature photoluminescence measurements of the (112¯2) InGaN layers showed an emission wavelength that shifts gradually from 380 nm to 580 nm with decreasing growth temperature (or increasing indium composition). The peak emission wavelength of the (112¯2) InGaN layers with an indium content of more than 10% blue-shifted a constant value of ≈(50–60) nm when using higher excitation power densities. This blue-shift was attributed to band filling effects in the layers.
Diffusion and 0 Phase Coarsening Kinetics in Ruthenium Containing Nickel Based Alloys

The present paper reports the interdiffusion of Re, W, Ru and Co in the binary and pseudo-binary Ni based alloys at 1523K and the 0 phase coarsening kinetics of model superalloys at 1324K. Both Re and W concentration gradients caused Ru uphill diffusion in the respective pseudo-binary diffusion couple, whereas Ru concentration gradient promoted uphill diffusion for W but not for Re. Interestingly, Re uphill diffusion occurred under the influence of Co concentration gradient but the reverse effect was not observed. The cross interdiffusion coefficients qualitatively determined from the uphill diffusion profiles were in reasonable agreement with those reported previously. Comparison of the interdiffusion coefficients in the binary and the pseudo-binary diffusion couples showed that Ru and W decreased the diffusivity of each other whereas Co appeared to be more powerful barrier atoms than Ru to decrease the Re diffusivity. Furthermore, it was evident that the coarsening kinetics of the 0 phase in both Ru-free and Ru-containing model superalloys were controlled by diffusion and Ru was found to have no effect on the rate constant of the 0 phase coarsening. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.MRA2007283]