Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GC-MS analysis of fluoxetine and its active metabolite norfluoxetine in human urine

ABSTRACT: A gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method was developed for detection of fluoxetine and its active metabolite norfluoxetine in urine. Liquid and solid phase extraction were applied to urine samples using maprotiline as an internal standard (IS). The GC-MS analysis were carried out using HP-5MS capillary column. The linearity ranges of the method were 5-75 ng mL-1 for fluoxetine and 6-125 ng mL-1 for norfluoxetine by solid phase extraction (SPE), and 10-80 ng mL-1 for fluoxetine and also norfluoxetine by liquid- liquid extraction (LLE). Also the range of detection limits were between 1-10 ng mL-1, the range of quantification limits were between 5-10 ng mL-1 for fluoxetine and norfluoxetine by both SPE and LLE. The range of recoveries were between 87 -109 % by both SPE and LLE for analytes. The developed method allowed clinical and toxicological analysis of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in urine samples. KEY WORDS: Fluoxetine; Norfluoxetine; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Liquid- Liquid Extraction; Solid-Phase Extraction.
Corpus of Soqotri Oral Literature

For the first time after D. H. Muller's pioneering studies of the 1900s, a large body of folklore texts in Soqotri becomes available to the Semitological scholarship. The language is spoken by ca. 100.000 people inhabiting the island Soqotra (Gulf of Aden, Yemen). Soqotri is among the most archaic Semitic languages spoken today, whereas the oral literature of the islanders is a mine of deeply original motifs and plots. Texts appear in transcription, English and Arabic translations, and an Arabic-based native script. Philological annotations deal with grammatical, lexical and literary features, as well as realia. The Glossary accumulates all words attested in the volume. The Plates provide a glimpse into the fascinating landscapes of the island and the traditional lifestyle of its inhabitants.
Bayesian Inference of Self-intention Attributed by Observer

Most of agents that learn policy for tasks with reinforcement learning (RL) lack the ability to communicate with people, which makes human-agent collaboration challenging. We believe that, in order for RL agents to comprehend utterances from human colleagues, RL agents must infer the mental states that people attribute to them because people sometimes infer an interlocutor's mental states and communicate on the basis of this mental inference. This paper proposes PublicSelf model, which is a model of a person who infers how the person's own behavior appears to their colleagues. We implemented the PublicSelf model for an RL agent in a simulated environment and examined the inference of the model by comparing it with people's judgment. The results showed that the agent's intention that people attributed to the agent's movement was correctly inferred by the model in scenes where people could find certain intentionality from the agent's behavior.
Comparing the Experience of and Factors Perpetuating Chronic Insomnia Severity Among Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults

The prevalence of chronic insomnia is on the rise among young, middle-aged, and older adults. This secondary data analysis examined age-group differences in the experience of and factors perpetuating insomnia severity. Pretest data, obtained from a trial of behavioral interventions, were collected from 742 participants, using psychometrically sound measures of perpetuating factors (sleep habits, unhelpful beliefs, presleep arousal), insomnia experience (symptoms, perceived severity), and consequences or impact on daytime functioning. The age groups reported different insomnia symptoms (difficulty maintaining sleep in older adults) and impact on daytime functioning (poorer in older adults), but the same level of perceived insomnia severity. Unhelpful beliefs about sleep predicted insomnia severity in all age groups, and presleep arousal contributed to insomnia in young adults. The results highlight the importance of adequately managing chronic insomnia to minimize its impact on daytime functioning in all age groups, and of tailoring therapy to their experiences.
CrossSense: Towards Cross-Site and Large-Scale WiFi Sensing

We present CrossSense, a novel system for scaling up WiFi sensing to new environments and larger problems. To reduce the cost of sensing model training data collection, CrossSense employs machine learning to train, off-line, a roaming model that generates from one set of measurements synthetic training samples for each target environment. To scale up to a larger problem size, CrossSense adopts a mixture-of-experts approach where multiple specialized sensing models, or experts, are used to capture the mapping from diverse WiFi inputs to the desired outputs. The experts are trained offline and at runtime the appropriate expert for a given input is automatically chosen. We evaluate CrossSense by applying it to two representative WiFi sensing applications, gait identification and gesture recognition, in controlled single-link environments. We show that CrossSense boosts the accuracy of state-of-the-art WiFi sensing techniques from 20% to over 80% and 90% for gait identification and gesture recognition respectively, delivering consistently good performance - particularly when the problem size is significantly greater than that current approaches can effectively handle.
Complicated bilateral fungal emphysematous pyelonephritis in a 55-year-old diabetic female: A case report and review of literature

Background and Purpose: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare and serious disease causing acute renal failure. Diabetes is a major risk factor for this infection. Case report: Herein, we present the case of a 55-year-old female patient with diabetes and EPN caused by Candida albicans. The infection was complicated with endophthalmitis and endocarditis. The results of antifungal susceptibility analysis showed that C. albicans was resistant to fluconazole and susceptible to amphotericin-B and itraconazole. Infection could be controlled by amphotericin-B followed by itraconazole therapy, and the patient was discharged in good condition while receiving antifungal therapy. Conclusion: Complicated pyelonephritis with unusual microorganisms should be considered in patients with diabetes and urinary symptoms.
Evaluating social context in arabic opinion mining

: This study is based on a benchmark corpora consisting of 3,015 textual Arabic opinions collected from Facebook. These collected Arabic opinions are distributed equally among three domains ( Food, Sport, and Weather ) , to create a balanced benchmark corpus. To accomplish this study ten Arabic lexicons were constructed manually, and a new tool called Arabic Opinions Polarity Identification ( AOPI ) is designed and implemented to identify the polarity of the collected Arabic opinions using the constructed lexicons. Furthermore, this study includes a comparison between the constructed tool and two free online sentiment analysis tools ( SocialMention and SentiStrength ) that support the Arabic language. The effect of stemming on the accuracy of these tools is tested in this study. The evaluation results using machine learning classifiers show that AOPI is more effective than the other two free online sentiment analysis tools using a stemmed dataset.
An Autonomous, Self-Authenticating, and Self-Contained Secure Boot Process for Field-Programmable Gate Arrays

Secure booting within a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) environment is traditionally implemented using hardwired embedded cryptographic primitives and non-volatile memory (NVM)-based keys, whereby an encrypted bitstream is decrypted as it is loaded from an external storage medium, e.g., Flash memory. A novel technique is proposed in this paper that self-authenticates an unencrypted FPGA configuration bitstream loaded into the FPGA during the start-up. The internal configuration access port (ICAP) interface is accessed to read out configuration information of the unencrypted bitstream, which is then used as input to a secure hash function SHA-3 to generate a digest. In contrast to conventional authentication, where the digest is computed and compared with a second pre-computed value, we use the digest as a challenge to a hardware-embedded delay physical unclonable function (PUF) called HELP. The delays of the paths sensitized by the challenges are used to generate a decryption key using the HELP algorithm. The decryption key is used in the second stage of the boot process to decrypt the operating system (OS) and applications. It follows that any type of malicious tampering with the unencrypted bitstream changes the challenges and the corresponding decryption key, resulting in key regeneration failure. A ring oscillator is used as a clock to make the process autonomous (and unstoppable), and a novel on-chip time-to-digital-converter is used to measure path delays, making the proposed boot process completely self-contained, i.e., implemented entirely within the re-configurable fabric and without utilizing any vendor-specific FPGA features.
Autonomous emergency braking for cornering motorcycle

Research question Autonomous emergency braking (AEB) has been indicated as a potential safety application not just for passenger cars and heavy goods vehicles, but also for motorcycles and powered two-wheelers (PTWs) at large. Motorcycle AEB (MAEB) was designed to produce autonomous deceleration of a host PTW in case of inevitable collision. Previous studies limited MAEB to the case of a PTW travelling along a straight, as the activation of AEB was considered hazardous for a leaning vehicle. This study aims to extend the applicability of MAEB to cornering scenarios. Methods A virtual PTW in a simulated environment was equipped with MAEB and Active Braking Control (ABC). MAEB consisted of a virtual obstacle detection device, triggering algorithms that identify inevitable collision states, and an automatic braking device. When an inevitable collision is detected for the host PTW and at the same time the rider is applying some braking force, MAEB deploys enhanced braking, which assists the rider reaching the maximum feasible deceleration. ABC consisted of control algorithms for the automatic braking device that stabilise the vehicle along the curved path. The complete system named MAEB+ was tested using detailed computer simulation reproducing real world crashes. Data sources The crash cases used for the simulations were selected from the in-depth crash dataset “InSAFE”, which collects severe road crashes in the metropolitan area of Florence. The selection criteria were the following: a) the PTW crashed into another vehicle; b) the PTW was travelling along a curved path with roll angle above 15 deg; c) the rider applied some braking force prior to impact; d) PTW loss of control was not the main contributing factor. Results In the simulation, MAEB+ was able to assist the rider in reducing the motorcycle speed prior to impact with higher deceleration compared to baseline MAEB and in maintaining the stability of the motorcycle. Limitations The potential benefits of the proposed system, expressed in terms of impact speed reduction or avoidance of fall events, cannot be directly correlated with actual benefits for the rider in terms of injury mitigation. In fact, risk curves expressing the level of injury for the rider as a function of kinematic quantities (such as impact speed) are not currently available for riders. Significance of results Previous studies showed that MAEB would typically apply to situations where the motorcycle is travelling along a straight path. However, this paper shows that MAEB associated to ABC can apply also to those cases where the PTW is leaning, thus contributing to prove and extend the robustness of MAEB.
Single Channel Speech Enhancement Using Complex Kalman Filter in Noisy Reverberant Environments

The previous research has proved that restoring the instantaneous amplitude and phase individually by linear prediction with Kalman filter on Gammatone filterbank could improve quality and intelligibility of noisy reverberant speech significantly. However, this method still suffers from the double prediction errors caused by the separated estimation for instantaneous amplitude and phase. This paper aims to study feasibility for restoring both instantaneous amplitude and phase simultaneously by complex Kalman filter to improve previous method. The signal to error ratio (SER), perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) and SNR loss were used as objective evaluation metrics. Results showed that the proposed method could effectively improve these objective metrics more than the previous method.
MONICA : One Simulator for Mobile Opportunistic Networks

Routing protocols are the focus in mobile opportunistic networks, and the simulation test is one of the effective ways to evaluate their performance. This paper presents a mobile opportunistic network simulator called MONICA. It provides a programmable interface to users, which is easy to learn and easy to use. It also integrates eight classic routing algorithms, six caching strategies and two types of mobility models, so that users can make a more comprehensive evaluation of the routing protocol. In addition, MONICA can trace abnormal behaviors with the network event function and observe the real simulation process by the visual module. All of these guarantee the efficiency of the simulator in evaluating the routing performance.
Mechanism of Base-Catalyzed Resorcinol-Formaldehyde and Phenol-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Condensation Reactions: A Theoretical Study

The base-catalyzed resorcinol-formaldehyde condensation reactions were theoretically investigated in this study by employing a quantum chemistry method. The condensation reaction includes two steps: (1) formation of the quinonemethide (QM) intermediate from hydroxymethylresorcinol; (2) Michael addition between the quinonemethide and resorcinol anion. The first step is the rate-determining step. Two mechanisms, unimolecular elimination of the conjugate base (E1cb) and water-aided elimination (WAE), were identified for the formation of QM. The hydroxymethylresorcinol anion produces neutral QM while the dianion produces a quinonemethide anion (QMA). The calculated potential energy barriers suggested that the QMA formation is much more favorable. Although resorcinol-formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde condensations share a common mechanism, the former would be faster if the QMA participates in condensations. The potential energy barriers for formation of 2-QM, 4-QM, 6-QM, 2-QMA, and 4-QMA were calculated. The results show that the formations of 6-QM and 4-QMA have relatively lower energy barriers. This rationalized previous experimental observations that the 2,4-(2,6-) and 6,6′-(4,4′-) methylene linkages were dominant, whereas the 2,2′-linkage was almost absent. The resorcinol-phenol-formaldehyde co-condensations were also calculated. The cold-setting characteristic of phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde co-condensed resin can be attributed to participation of resorcinol quinonemethides in condensations.
A Study of Adverse Drug Reactions in Paediatric Age Group with Assessment of Causality, Severity and Preventabilty in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective-To study the adverse drug reactions in paediatric age group in a tertiary care hospital. Methods-A retrospective study was undertaken to analyse adverse drug events in paediatric department of a tertiary care hospital.Medical record sheets were analysed and adverse event marked as ADR by the paediatrician was included in the study. Causality, preventability and severity were analysed by 2 Pharmacologists. Other parameters like male to female ratio, most common class of drug causing ADR, common types of ADRs, commonly involved systems, polypharmacy were studied. Results64 cases of ADRs were identified in study duration(overall incidence 4.4%) of which 56% were females and infants the commonest age group. Antinfectives were the commonest drug class(68%) causing ADRs,with skin the commonest involved organ. 81% of ADRs were of moderate degree as compared to 1% of severe degree.76% cases fell in probable category of preventability where as 3% were definitely preventable.76. 5% cases scored into probable category according to Naranjo’s scale of causality assessment. 86% cases were prescribed polypharmacy. ConclusionIncidence of Iatrogenic harm is rising and due to suboptimal ADR reporting practices only the tip of iceberg is seen. Though more vulnerable, paediatric age group is neglected in various aspects. To ensure safety we need to judiciously use drugs, strengthen ADR reporting and conduct more studies & awareness programmes.
Local differentiation of flowering phenology in an alpine-snowbed herb Gentiana nipponica

Phenological events of alpine plants are strongly influenced by the seasonal thermal conditions at the local scale that are caused by heterogeneity in snowmelt time. Populations in late-snowmelt locations suffer from a short period for seed maturation, in which rapid flowering that occurs soon after snowmelt (i.e., a low thermal requirement for flowering) is advantageous. To test the possibility of local adaptation of flowering phenology, we compared reproductive phenology, the preflowering period, and the thermal requirement for flowering of the alpine-snowbed species Gentiana nipponica Maxim. between populations inhabiting early- and late-snowmelt sites within a local area. Plants in the late-snowmelt population showed a shorter preflowering period than in the early-snowmelt population; nevertheless, they often failed to set fruit owing to the short growth period. To test the plasticity and genetic regulation of flowering phenology, we performed a reciprocal transplant experiment between early- and late.
Reduction of wind turbine noise annoyance: an operational approach

This paper investigates the relationship between wind turbine noise annoyance, exposure indicators, operational characteristics and environmental variables. A six-month field experiment at an industrial site near a residential area includes regular on-line annoyance reports, continuous 1/3-octave band noise level registrations, periodic sound recordings, data on electricity production per minute and meteorological observations. Here the risk of. high annoyance does not only depend on the angular blade velocity, but also on the wind turbines' nacelle position relative to the location of the dwellings, i.e. the wind direction. This directivity effect can be captured when noise parameters such as the background noise level caused by other sources and a so-called fluctuation-indicator are introduced, the latter calculated from the 1/3-octave band spectra to quantify the periodic part of wind turbine noise. In addition, the calculated turbine's specific emission levels are closely related to the angular blade velocity, and an important parameter to predict the risk of high annoyance. Finally, these results suggest that operational restrictions based on wind direction together with the angular blade velocity might help to reduce noise annoyance while preserving cost-effectiveness.
Application of Modular Multilevel Converter for Interfacing Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Conversion Plants

This thesis investigates the applicability of the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) for interfacing grid connected photovoltaic conversion plants. A detailed three-phase 9-level simulation model is implemented in Simulink. Two control objectives are identified as distinctive for the MMC: Capacitor voltage balancing and suppression of circulating currents, both of which are included in the model. The MMC is controlled by a modified Level-Shifted Pulse Width Modulator. The model is verified by comparing its behaviour to that of the mathematical model of the MMC. The nature of photovoltaic power generation makes Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) important to maximize the power yield from a pv module. All the pv modules connected to the same MPP tracker should have the same operating conditions. For largescale pv farms this is only feasible with multiple MPP trackers. Two pv inverter configurations are identified as suitable for grid connection of large-scale pv farms using the MMC: Cascaded dc-dc converters and multi-string inverter. With the former, the three phase legs share the same dc link voltage. With a multi-string topology, each submodule is fed by a separate pv string. Thus, power imbalance between the submodules are inevitable. This can be remedied by power imbalance compensation. For grid side control Synchronous Reference Frame Control (SRFC) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) is considered. MPC has the advantage of handling non-linear constraints on both states and variables. In addition it is reported to perform better than SRFC during dynamic conditions, which are likely to occur with power generation from pv modules. SRFC is implemented in the MMC simulation model. It synchronizes with the grid and delivers power at unity power factor.
The Empirical Study On Deep Convolutional Network Transferring Among Users Within Activity Recognition

Human activity recognition based on sensor data is one of the significant problems in pervasive computing. In recent years, deep learning has become the main method in this field due to its high accuracy. However, it’s difficult to recognize activities of user B with the model trained for user A. The effect of transferring the model (among different users) is the key that restricts activity recognition in practice. At present, there is still little research on the transferring of deep learning model in this field. Its effect, principle and influencial factors remain to be studied. Therefore, we carried out the empirical study on the transferring of deep learning model among users. We visualized the features extracted from CNN and studied its distribution. We compared the feasibility, strengths and weaknesses of typical unsupervised and semisupervised transferring methods. The observations and insights in this study have deepened the understanding of transferring in activity recognition field and provide guidance for further research.
External Verification of CubeSat Using AprilTag Visual Fiducials and an Extended Kalman Filter

Very small spacecraft, such as CubeSats, have become very popular due to their low-cost, low-complexity, and of launchplatforms (as secondary payloads). These small satellites enable a future of low-cost satellite constellations to accomplish various spacemissions. TheGeneralized Nanosatellite Avionics Testbed (G-NAT) lab at NASA Ames Research Center in collaboration with UC Santa Cruz has developed the ability to verify sensor and actuator performance requirements of CubeSats using an ultra low-cost attitude truth systembased on visual fiducials. In this work, a real-time streaming AprilTag attitude truth system is developed that is portable, scalable and easily calibrated based on an AprilTag external conjugate. The attitude truth system is cross-platform and can be used at various CubeSat testing facilities to track CubeSat Euler angles, angular rates and body rates. Accuracy and robustness improvements weremade to the AprilTag based attitude truth system to rectify noisy attitude observations during quick maneuvers using an extended Kalman filter based on Euler angular rate differential equations.