Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TiO2 Seed Layer for Improving the Morphology and Photovoltaic Performance of Single-Crystal Rutile TiO2 Nanorod Arrays

TiO2 seed layer was introduced to improve the morpholog y f single-crystal rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays (TNRs) and the cell performance of single-cr ystal rutile TNRs based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). TiO2 seed layer was prepared on the conductive side of flu rine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass through spincoating of a TiO2 colloid solution followed by annealing in a furnac e. The single-crystal rutile TNRs were synthesized on bare and TiO 2 seed layer coated FTO glass, respectively, through hydrothermal synthesis. It was found that TiO2 seed layer reduced the diameter of TiO 2 nanorod from about 100 nm to about 50 nm, and increased the density of TNRs from about 16 μm to about 140 μm, which resulted in about threefold increase of roughness factor of TNRs. Correspondingly, the p ower conversion efficiency ( η) of TNRs based DSCs increased from 0.52% to 0.71%, and a η of 1.74% was obtained after TiCl 4 modification.
Lung Cancer Classification Using Image Processing

: Lung cancer is one of the most common and lethal types of cancer. As occurs in almost all types of cancer, its cure depends in a critical way on it being detected in the initial stages, when the tumor is still small and localized. Thus an objectively standardized criteria is required for clinically and histological identification of the individuals suffering from lung cancer. Regular follow-up and professional screening is needed to intercept lung cancer during its curable stage. Death rates due to lung cancer are doubling every decade, no cure disseminated disease is available, so diagnosing and educating individuals at increased risk at an early stage is vital to increase survival rates. With this view, the present study will help the radiologist as well as physicians to identify quickly the deadliest form of lung cancer in the early stage. The texture feature estimation algorithms are applied to various lung cancer chest X-ray images such as small-cell (SC)and non-small-cell (NSC) type, as well as on tuberculosis (TB) images (49 images from each category). Initially, the identifying features are obtained from the X-ray images using image processing and analyzing methods. Then, these features are applied to an expert system to classify the lung cancers into malignant (SC, NSC) and benign (TB).
FEATURES AND DIFFERENCES OF LINUX EXT, EXT2, EXT3 AND EXT4 FILE SYSTEMS

: File System is a way used by operating systems to store and organize files so that the files can be accessed efficiently. File system is a component of operating system and it interacts with the abstraction of the underlying hardware known as Block Layer. An open source environment like Linux has over 50 different file systems since its existence. Though, in recent years, the speed of CPUs have been increased and the Hard drive technology have tremendous growth, the file systems have also been evolved so that operating system can provide better performance to the user. To measure the performance of the file systems there are different benchmarks used by different developers. In this work, a study of Linux file system evolution has been carried out. As there are several file systems for different Linux Distributions and different Linux kernel versions, some popular versions of extended file systems like ext, ext2, ext3 and ext4 has been considered. The features and differences on the inode structures of these file systems have been discussed.
APPLICATION OF GOVERNANCE SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE OF PARTICIPATORY FOREST MANAGEMENT. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF URBAN AND RURAL FORESTS IN KENYA

EDITORIAL ADVISORS 1. Prof. Dr.Said I.Shalaby, MD,Ph.D. Professor & Vice President Tropical Medicine, Hepatology & Gastroenterology, NRC, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt. 2. Dr. Mussie T. Tessema, Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Winona State University, MN, United States of America, 3. Dr. Mengsteab Tesfayohannes, Associate Professor, Department of Management, Sigmund Weis School of Business, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PENN, United States of America, 4. Dr. Ahmed Sebihi Associate Professor Islamic Culture and Social Sciences (ICSS), Department of General Education (DGE), Gulf Medical University (GMU), UAE. 5. Dr. Anne Maduka, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Anambra State University, Igbariam Campus, Nigeria. 6. Dr. D.K. Awasthi, M.SC., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Chemistry, Sri J.N. P.G. College, Charbagh, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India 7. Dr. Tirtharaj Bhoi, M.A, Ph.D, Assistant Professor, School of Social Science, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, India. 8. Dr. Pradeep Kumar Choudhury, Assistant Professor, Institute for Studies in Industrial Development, An ICSSR Research Institute, New Delhi110070, India. 9. Dr. Gyanendra Awasthi, M.Sc., Ph.D., NET Associate Professor & HOD Department of Biochemistry, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. 10. Dr. C. Satapathy, Director, Amity Humanity Foundation, Amity Business School, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. ISSN (Online): 2455-7838
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma—A Current Review

Malignant pleural mesolthelioma (MPM) is a locally aggressive cancer that arises from the multipotential mesothelial cells of the pleura. MPM has a uniformly poor prognosis with a median survival from diagnosis of nine to 12 months. Limited treatment options are available for those diagnosed with MPM or at risk for developing MPM from past or ongoing asbestos exposure. While rare, MPM is responsible for approximately 0.6% of all cancer-related deaths. MPM poses an increasing public health, medical, and economic problem. This is due to the peak commercial use of asbestos in industrialized countries between the 1930s and the 1960s and the latency in developing MPM from the time of first exposure, which ranges from 15 to 40 years. In addition, asbestos continues to pose a public health hazard throughout the world due to the need for its disposal and its current and increasing use in industrializing nations. Recent estimates report an expected incidence of 2,000–3,000 cases per year in the US, 1,950–2,450 cases per year in the UK, and 250,000 deaths caused by MPM in Western Europe over the next few decades. In addition to the direct costs to the healthcare system, defendant companies in the US have already paid $54 billion in legal claims and are expected to face upwards of $200 billion in future liabilities, thus representing a significant socioeconomic burden. Interestingly, only 5% of asbestos mine workers who have experienced heavy exposure to asbestos go on to develop MPM, a fact that illustrates the complex relationship between environment, biology, and genetics in MPM. In addition, the characteristically long latency time for developing MPM suggests that the multiple somatic abnormalities common in MPM accumulate within the mesothelial cells over time and contribute substantially to the pathogenesis of MPM. Recent research has implicated multiple molecular pathways and genetic loci that are abnormal in MPM, and has increased our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. These insights may provide possible therapeutic targets for treatment and prevention.
Therapeutic mechanisms of fibroblast cells in the skin conditions; trends in clinical applications- A Review

Autologous cells in cell therapy is useful in accelerating the Curing course of lesions through reducing time required for early synthesis of new derm by the host cells to invade the lesion tissue. Collagen and hyaluronic acid matrices are also effective in accelerating the lesion curing process. They increase migration of host cells and blood vessels into the tissue and allow rapid replacement by host tissue. The cell-scaffold complex is grafted onto the defect area and covered with a polyurethane foam dressing. Practical challenges including scale up, formulation, storage, transport and delivery mechanisms are the main challenges to development and clinical translation of preclinical observations. However, recent FDA consent of fibroblast treatment applications for nasolabial folds and the expanding pipeline of other fibroblast therapies in clinical development show that cellular therapy is an expanding field.
Spectrophotometric Determination and Application of Hydrotropic Solubilization in the Quantitative Analysis of Ranitidine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

Quantitative estimation of poorly water-soluble drugs involves use of organic solvents. British pharmacopoeial method of analysis for Ranitidine hydrochloride tablet involves the use of a toxic and volatile solvent absolute ethanol. In the present investigation, hydrotropic solubilization is employed to enhance the aqueous solubilities of poorly water-soluble drugs Ranitidine hydrochloride in one-component tablet formulation for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination. All methods utilize 10.0 M-urea solution as, hydrotropic solubilizing agent. In the urea solution, Ranitidine hydrochloride show maximum absorbance at a wavelength of about 299 nm. The hydrotropic agent and additives used in the manufacture of tablets did not interfere in the analysis. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. The proposed method utilizes solution of a non-toxic, non-volatile material, urea which is a hydrotropic agent. The objective of the present investigation is to explore the application of hydrotropy in spectrophotometric analysis of poorly water-soluble drugs to replace organic solvents which may be costlier, toxic and pollutant.
A STUDY ON NETWORK ON CHIP [NOC]

The growing demands in the faster computation systems has led to having more interfaces with multiple processing units. Bus based systems are found to be slow when dealing with a multi-core processing system. This growing number of processing cores on a chip requires an efficient and scalable communication structure such as Network on Chip (NoC). In this paper, we look into drawbacks of bus based architecture and how NoC’s can be faster. Parallelism is one the key for having faster system hence various network topologies are studied. Torus topology is found to be best but, has additional area overhead and more delay due to global routing [10]. Further, we discuss on routing method with Dimension Order Routing (DOR). The major traffic patterns in the network are analyzed with X-Y routing algorithm.
Avoiding Pollution Attacks in Network Coding using Authentication Code

— When packets are transferred they suffer from the different pollution attacks by injecting malicious packets in the network. When pollution attacks occurs that provides greater damage in the network routing. In this paper, we address this issue by designing a secure authentication code that is computed by using different key generation functions and the key is distributed to the intermediate nodes and to the destinations. The proposed scheme allows verifying the integrity of receiving packets not only at destination nodes, but also at intermediate nodes. The packets which fail the verification those are detected and discarded by considering they are malicious packets or polluted packets in the network. In this way, the pollution in the network is removed before packets reaching to the destinations. This will reduce the pollution attacks from the outsiders and increase the throughput and performance of the data transmission in the coding based network.
Deduplication Techniques: A Technical Survey

With the development of cloud computing through virtualization technology, creation of VMs rapidly increasing, this in turn increases data centers. Backup in virtualized environments takes the snapshot of VM called VM image and moved to backup device. Data is duplicated by VMs for many purposes like backup, fault tolerance, consistency, disaster recovery, high availability, etc.,. This results in unnecessary consumption of resources, such as network bandwidth and storage space. Data Deduplication is a process of detecting and removing duplicate data thus the amount of data, energy consumption and network bandwidth is reduced. This paper describes Deduplication methods, several Deduplication techniques like Extreme Binning, MAD2, Multi-level Deduplication where Deduplication is performed in backup services. The paper also describes Cloudspider, Liquid Deduplication techniques for VM images in cloud environment, SAFE for Structured file and Email, On-Protocol DRE in wired, wireless and cellular networks, their comparison based on several factors.
Features Extraction in Second Derivative of Finger PPG Signal: A Review

Ancient Indian Ayurveda has used the palpation of the pulse at the wrist under the thumb to analyze physical health. In the nineteenth century, analysis of the contour of the peripheral pulse to assess arterial properties was first described. With the recognition of the importance of arterial stiffness there has been a resurrection of interest in pulse wave analysis. The non-invasive evaluation of arterial indices can be done by analyzing the Finger Pulse wave, obtained using the technique of PhotoPlethysmoGraphy(PPG). Measurements taken directly from thisfinger PPG or from its second derivative can be used to assess these properties. While some work has been done relating the cardiovascular properties with the finger pulse, not much has been done relating Ayurveda to it. This review describes the background of finger pulse contour analysis, its derivatives,its applications, and its future scope. KeywordsFinger PPG pulse wave, Feature extraction,Second Derivate of Finger PhotopleThysmoGraph(SDPTG), Ayurveda, Pitta.
Margin and Slack Rescaling Technique with Real Truth Finder Algorithm for a Specific Domain Search

— Data mining is known as knowledge discovery in data. Web mining is the application of data mining techniques to discover patterns from the Web. In the web search the same query is submitted by the different web users. A typical search engine returns the same result, regardless of the submitted query. In the existing system the user cannot get the good results. In the proposed method the combination of ranking model adaptation concept with Truth-Finder Algorithm is used. RA-SVM is used for measuring more similarity between two or more websites.Truth finder utilizes the relationships between websites and their information.This Algorithm gives improved Truth Accuracy rate which gives better performance than the existing system.
PHOTOPROTECTIVE AND ANTIOXIDATIVE POTENTIAL OF METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF Buchanania lanzan SPRENG

UV-B radiation mainly causes photo-oxidative damage resulting DNA damage and skin cancer. Various chemical formulations are available as photoprotective agents. The successes of such formulations are either not fully understood or they produce toxicity at certain levels. Hence, herbal formulations with photoprotective activity with promising antioxidant effects are gaining popularity. In the following study, we have investigated methanolic leaf extract of Buchanania lanzan (BMLE) for its photoprotective property with antioxidant activity by different assay methods including FT-IR and HPLC, to identify probable components of photoprotection of BMLE.
APPLICATION OF SEMI-ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM WITH FRICTION DAMPER AND ELECTROMAGNETIC DRIVE ON MOTORCYCLES

This paper investigates the effect of using semi-active suspension system with damper friction and electromagnetic drive on motorcycles. The advantages of this system can be pointed out to be the increased passenger comfort and safety. The cost of using this system is also affordable and can be offered it as an option on motorcycles. The model used in this paper was half-vehicle model that it is a complete model for motorcycles. Therefore, the effect of front and rear wheels is investigated simultaneously on suspension status and comfort criteria of passenger. In addition, in order to reduce its self-active vibration (chattering) a balance control logic approach is used to remove the chatter.
In Search of a New Screening Test for Osteoarthritis - Is Urinary Nitrate the Answer?

Introduction: Even as early as 1916 it was suggested that the nitric oxide is synthetized in the mammals. This nitric oxide, synthetized in the body, was responsible for vasodilation by the endothelium derived relaxing factors and also by the stimulation of the guanylyl cyclase. Inflammatory conditions increase the production of nitrates and nitrites which is seen in the response to endotoxin and is accompanied with nitrosamine formation. Nitric oxide, hence, has been thought to be the physiological messenger and is increases in the pathological processes. This present study was conducted to find the association between the urinary secretion of nitrates and the osteoarthritis. Design: A total of 200 patients coming to the hospital out of 100 were patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint and 100 were randomly selected. All the patients were screened for the causes of secondary osteoarthritis. Urine sample from all the patients was obtained along with X-ray of bilateral knees was taken to assess the grade of osteoarthritis. The osteoarthritic patients were assigned Group A and the randomly chosen patients were assigned the Group B. Both groups were compared and the results were evaluated. Results: In group A there were 5 cases with urinary nitrate positive as compared to 4 cases with positive urinary nitrate in group B, which was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The current study clearly shows that there is no association between the urinary nitrate levels and OA.
Use of Waste Tier in Construction of Bitumen Road- A Review

This paper is based on the review study on waste tier generation, Its environmental problem, and its use in construction of the bitumen road. The growth rate of population which depends upon on vehicles is the backbone of economic development of any country. India is the second fast growing automobile industry in the world. In today’s era, solid waste management is the thrust area. On the other side, the traffic intensity is also increasing. As a result amount of waste tires is also increasing. The increasing in consumption of waste tire has created many problems such as increasing landfill space, environmental pollution and causing health hazards to living being. Parallel to this is tremendous increasing of roads construction as a result of heavy traffic on roads. This study reviews regarding the use of crumb rubber (waste tires in powder form) in bitumen using the wet process. The study focuses on the crumb rubber as a replacement to the total weight of bitumen. using of crumb rubber when in the reinforcement of asphalt is considered as a smart solution for sustainable development by reusing waste materials, and crumb rubber modifier (CRM) could be an alternative polymer material for improving hot mix asphalt performance properties. This paper is a critical review on the use of crumb rubber in reinforcement of asphalt pavement will be presented and discussed. this paper is a review on the effects of CRM on the stiffness, rutting, and fatigue resistance of road pavement construction.
Ultrasound elastography capabilities in studying uterine cerviх state in pregnant women of high-risk group in the first trimester of pregnancy

Aim. To study capabilities of quantitative elastographic study to assess the elasticity of the uterine cervix in women with a fetal chromosomal abnormality in the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods. 230 pregnant women of high-risk group at 11-13.6 weeks of pregnancy (parietal-coccygeal length 45-84 mm) were included in this study. The first group consisted of 213 women without fetal pathology. The second group included 17 women, in whose fetuses different chromosomal abnormalities were detected. In ultrasound examination of pregnant women in the I trimester of pregnancy, in addition to standard methods of examination, quantitative cervical elastography was performed. Results. According to results of quantitative elastography in 14 (82.35%) out of 17 pregnant women (second group) one or another degree of the cervical tissue softening was found, and 3 (17.64%) pregnant women with fetal chromosomal pathology had stiff cervix (all 3 cases with Down syndrome). In the control group in 10 (4.7%) of 213 pregnant women relatively soft cervix was identified, and in 203 (95.3%) women cervical density was higher than the myometrial density. A statistically significant difference between the indices of SWE-Ratio in groups was revealed. Quantitative elastography, as a diagnostic test predicting the risk of miscarriage due to chromosomal abnormalities, has a high sensitivity (84.38%) and even higher specificity (95.26%) of negative predictive value 97.57%. Conclusion. Quantitative elastography reveals a significant decrease in the cervical elasticity (softening) in pregnant women with fetal chromosomal abnormality in the I trimester of pregnancy, which allows us to recommend this method of ultrasound examination as an additional marker for early diagnosis of miscarriage due to fetal chromosomal abnormality.
Making Network More Tolerant Towards Fault by Using Centralized Techniques

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs) energy is the main thing of sensor network, Energy is the irreplaceable part of the sensor node, To reduce the energy consumption researchers gives a lot of ideas to increase the life period of the sensor node, Researchers used a cluster head and a gateway to reduce the work load of the sensor network , but we know all the sensor node, gateway and cluster head are a battery operated so it can be difficult secure the sensor node for life time , but we can increase the life period of the sensor node, A DFCA(Distributed Fault-tolerant Clustering Algorithm ) recovered the sensor node at run time from the faulty cluster due to sudden failure of the cluster head, this algorithm uses a cost function of the cluster head to form proper cluster with the care of the uncovered sensor nodes. In which the uncovered node increase the load on the gateway which is joined by the uncovered node, so life time period of the gateway is also decrease, to increase the life time, In this paper sensor nodes will find a new cluster head in their own group at run time with this we will decrease the consumption of energy and increase the life time of the sensor node
Three- dimensional reconstruction of the thorax in the mongoose

Threedimensional (3D) reconstruction obtained by using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images have widely been used in anatomical studies. Thorax is one of the most important body cavities necessary for the protection of lungs and heart in mammals. Two adult mongooses (1 male, 1 female) obtained from traffic accidents were used in this study. The images obtained from MDCT were stacked and 3D reconstruction of thorax was performed by overlaying images using a 3D modeling software (Mimics 13.1). Some measurements of thoracic cavity, lungs and sternum were taken from the reconstructive images of mongoose and indexes were calculated from these measurements. The morphometric parameters were recorded for both sexes. From the study, it could be concluded that the thoracic cavity, lungs and sternum imagings and findings revealed by 3D modeling techniques can be utilized for anatomical training of wild animals. This study is expected to help in the diagnosis and treatment of thorax diseases in wild animals.