Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are You Finding the Right Person? A Name Translation System Towards Web 2.0

In a multilingual world, information available in global information systems is increasing rapidly. Searching for proper names in foreign language becomes an important task in multilingual search and knowledge discovery. However, these names are the most difficult to handle because they are often unknown words that cannot be found in a translation dictionary and even human experts cannot handle the variation generated during translation. Furthermore, existing research on name translation have focused on translation algorithms. However, user experience during name translation and name search are often ignored. With the Web technology moving towards Web 2.0, creating a platform that allow easier distributed collaboration and information sharing, we seek methods to incorporate Web 2.0 technologies into a name translation system. In this research, we review challenges in name translation and propose an interactive name translation and search system: NameTran. This system takes English names and translates them into Chinese using a combined hybrid Hidden Markov Model-based (HMM-based) transliteration approach and a web mining approach. Evaluation results showed that web mining consistently boosted the performance of a pure HMM approach. Our system achieved top-1 accuracy of 0.64 and top-8 accuracy of 0.96. To cope with changing popularity and variation in name translations, we demonstrated the feasibility of allowing users to rank translations and the new ranking serves as feedback to the original trained HMM model. We believe that such user input will significantly improve system usability.
Comparison of phenotypic and genotypic profiles among caprine and ovine Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae strains

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Movp) is considered to be one of the most important mycoplasmas causing respiratory disease in small ruminants. Most epidemiologic and characterisation studies have been conducted on strains collected from sheep. Information on the presence and characteristics of Movp in healthy and pneumonic goats is limited. Phenotypic or genotypic differences between sheep and goat isolates have never been studied. The objective of our study was to characterise and compare the similarities and differences between caprine and ovine Movp strains isolated from affected and asymptomatic animals in order to elucidate phenotypic and genotypic variability. Four different techniques were used on a set of 23 Movp isolates. These included SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, random amplified polymorphic DNA and the heat shock protein 70 gene sequence-based method. A high degree of phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity among Movp strains was demonstrated in this study. Our results demonstrated differences between goat and sheep strains, revealing not only a link between strains and host ruminant species, but by geographical origin as well. However, the finding of immunodominant antigens of molecular masses 36, 38, 40 and 70 kDa (±3 kDa) in Movp isolates from sheep and goats foretells their potential use in the development of serological diagnostic tests and vaccines.
An Ego-Psychological Approach to the Rorschach

This presentation is an extension and amplification of the ego-psychological assessment of Rorschach data initiated in 1946 by Rapaport, Gill, and Schafer whose focus was on the quality of the perception of reality and the assessment of defence. A more contemporary view of ego psychology not only includes an expanded view of defence but also of the nature of self- and object representations and the nature of object relations. An assessment of the synthesizing function of the ego was also discussed. The present purpose was to present a comprehensive assessment of Rorschach data from the point of view of contemporary ego psychology.
Cytotoxic Property and Influence in the Estrous Cycle of Mus Musculus and Mating Behavior of Danio Rerio of Tinospora Rumphii Boerl . Extract Hezekiah

This study evaluated the influence of extracts of the bark of Tinospora rumphii Boerl. on the estrous cycle of mice and the mating behaviour of zebra fish, as well as its cytotoxic properties. The phytochemical profile of T. rhumpii was determined using standard protocols. Cytotoxicity of the ethanolic extract of the T.rhumpii was tested using brine shrimp lethality assay and MTT assay analysed using human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells Antifertility assay was conducted by finding out the influence of feeding T. rhumpii in the estrous cycle of albino mice for 15 days and estrous cycle was monitored through vaginal cytology. The effect on mating behavior of male Danio rerio exposed for 12 hours to different concentrations of T. rhumpii aqueous extract was also assessed. Phytochemical profiling revealed that T. rhumpii vines contained saponins, alkaloids, and tannins but tested negative for flavonoids, phobatannins and cardiac glycosides. Mice fed with T. rhumpii feed replacements had irregular estrous cycle patterns with prolonged diestrus stages. Inhibition in the mating behavior of D. rerio was observed. T. rhumpii ethanolic extract showed to be moderately toxic as tested in brine shrimp lethality assay. On the other hand, MTT assay revealed that the extract was non-toxic to human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells.
Preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithms for nonconvex problems

The paper describes a new conjugate gradient algorithm for large scale nonconvex problems. In order to speed up the convergence the algorithm employs a scaling matrix which transforms the space of original variables into the space in which Hessian matrices of functionals describing the problems have more clustered eigenvalues. This is done efficiently by applying limited memory BFGS updating matrices. Once the scaling matrix is calculated, the next few iterations of the conjugate gradient algorithms are performed in the transformed space. We believe that the preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm gives more flexibility in achieving balance between the computing time and the number of function evaluations in comparison to a limited memory BFGS algorithm. We give some numerical results which support our claim
Identi ¢ cationofmicrobial communities involved in themethane cycle ofa freshwatermeromictic lake

Identi¢cationofmicrobial communities involved in themethane cycle ofa freshwatermeromictic lake Corinne Biderre-Petit, Didier Jézéquel, Eric Dugat-Bony, Filipa Lopes, Jan Kuever, Guillaume Borrel, Eirc Viollier, Gerard Fonty & Pierre Peyret Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France; UMR CNRS 6023, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratoire de Géochimie des Eaux, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université Paris 7, Paris, France; UMR CNRS 7154, Université Paris 7, Paris, France; Ecole Centrale Paris, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Châtenay-Malabry, France ; Bremen Institute for Materials Testing, Bremen, Germany; and Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, Clermont Université, Université d’Auvergne, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
High voltage, high power density bi-directional multi-level converters utilizing silicon and silicon carbide (SiC) switches

This paper presents a bi-directional ac-dc isolated converter designed to be utilized within the US Navy's Integrated Fight Through Power (IFTP) concept. To demonstrate the proposed approach the authors have designed, fabricated, and tested a 20 kW power conversion module (PCM) prototype. The fabricated PCM module was used to demonstrate the proposed overall electrical design approach, high-frequency isolation, bi-directional power flow and soft-switching operation of the quasi-resonant topologies. Moreover, the 20-kW prototype allowed the verification of control methodologies as well as magnetic and thermal designs, and provides a test bed for future, higher power work.
Long-term structural retinal changes in patients with optic neuritis related to multiple sclerosis

Purpose To evaluate the long-term structural and functional outcome in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with and without a history of optic neuritis (ON). Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 82 patients diagnosed with MS between 2000 and 2006 from a tertiary hospital center in Denmark. Patients gave a self-reported history of ON, and functional (visual acuity and color vision) and structural (spectra domain optical coherence tomography) markers of vision were tested. Results Median age and MS duration at the time of the clinical examination were 49.9 years (range 30.7–72.6 years) and 13 years (range 9–15 years), respectively. ON was not associated with impairment of visual acuity or color vision. Twenty-three patients had a history of ON in at least one eye. Compared to non-affected patients, these had a lower inferior (109 vs 113 μm, P=0.04) and temporal retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (56 vs 67 μm, P=0.01). In an age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression model, lower inferior and temporal RNFL were associated with a higher risk of ON (odds ratio [OR] 1.56 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.01–2.41] and OR 1.74 [95% CI 1.10–2.77] per 10 μm decrement in RNFL thickness, respectively). Twenty patients had a history of ON in one eye. Compared to the non-affected eye, this eye had a lower RNFL (109 vs 115 μm, P=0.04) and a higher central retinal thickness/mean RNFL ratio (2.7 vs 2.4, P=0.04). Conclusion Although patients with long-term MS and a previous history of ON did not have any functional loss of vision, structural neurodegeneration could be demonstrated in the affected eye.
Characterization of a thin piezoelectric material before integration into a cantilever-based mechanical energy harvester

This paper deals with advanced characterization approaches of thin piezoelectric materials enabling accurate modelling of low frequency (<;50Hz) bimorph-based cantilever beam. Such structures had been widely studied and actual devices using bulk PZT materials had exhibited the best FoM (Figure of Merit) compared to thin and thick piezoelectric films generally used in MEMS industry. Bulk piezoelectric cantilever beam are mostly assembled under serial bimorph topologies where the piezoelectric material is laminated around an inner shim material. The two PZT skins exhibit an individual thickness ranging from few tens to hundreds of micrometers according to the targeted application and its miniaturization requests. Designing such devices become a challenge and one needs FEM (finite element model) to properly define material thicknesses and overall piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) geometries. Unfortunately, bulk piezoelectric material are characterized using thicker samples which provide results slightly different of the actual characteristics of thinned-bulk piezoelectric materials. We present here two approaches, one analytical and one numerical, to study the thin piezoelectric material layer relying on the electrical admittance analysis. By using these methods, the effective coefficients of thinned-bulk piezoelectric material are identified and compared with those of a thicker bulk material of the same composition. The set of parameters is then entered in a 3D FEM of the PZT layer, and the electrical admittance is calculated, showing a good agreement with the experimental measurements.
Fast DOA estimation algorithm using pseudocovariance matrix

This paper proposes a new direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm that can rapidly estimate the DOAs of incidence signals using a pseudocovariance matrix even under coherent interference environments. The conventional multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm, which should estimate a covariance matrix, cannot perform a DOA estimation until it acquires the covariance matrix. In addition, the MUSIC algorithm cannot be used under rapidly changing or correlated interference environments. In contrast, the proposed algorithm can obtain a bearing response after acquiring the pseudocovariance matrix based on a single snapshot. Signal incidence angles can then be accurately estimated by combining the bearing response and the location of pattern nulls. Accordingly, the proposed algorithm can rapidly estimate the DOAs of signals even when they are correlated.
GDF-15 (Growth Differentiation Factor 15) Is Associated With Lack of Ventricular Recovery and Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Background— Recent data suggest that circulating biomarkers may predict outcome in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We examined the association between inflammatory, myocardial, and renal biomarkers and their role in ventricular recovery and outcome after TAVR. Methods and Results— A total of 112 subjects undergoing TAVR were included in the prospective registry. Plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide, hs-TnI (high-sensitivity troponin I), CRP (C-reactive protein), GDF-15 (growth differentiation factor 15), GAL-3 (galectin-3), and Cys-C (cystatin-C) were assessed before TAVR and in 100 sex-matched healthy controls. Among echocardiographic parameters, we measured global longitudinal strain, indexed left ventricular mass, and indexed left atrial volume. The TAVR group included 59% male, with an average age of 84 years, and 1-year mortality of 18%. Among biomarkers, we found GDF-15 and CRP to be strongly associated with all-cause mortality (P<0.001). Inclusion of GDF-15 and CRP to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score significantly improved C index (0.65–0.79; P<0.05) and provided a category-free net reclassification improvement of 106% at 2 years (P=0.01). Among survivors, functional recovery in global longitudinal strain (>15% improvement) and indexed left ventricular mass (>20% decrease) at 1 year occurred in 48% and 22%, respectively. On multivariate logistic regression, lower baseline GDF-15 was associated with improved global longitudinal strain at 1 year (hazard ratio=0.29; P<0.001). Furthermore, improvement in global longitudinal strain at 1 month correlated with lower overall mortality (hazard ratio=0.45; P=0.03). Conclusions— Elevated GDF-15 correlates with lack of reverse remodeling and increased mortality after TAVR and improves risk prediction of mortality when added to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score.
R 1 0 The Neurobiology of Mindfulness Meditation

For thousands of years, contemplatives have reported that enhancements in sensory awareness, cognition, and health can be accomplished through meditation practice. Before the development and utilization of neuroimaging and other scientific methodologies, the scientific world cast these descriptions as reflections of a relaxation response at best, and report biases associated with practitioner zeal at worst. The recent surge in number of mindfulnessbased studies has supported the claim that mindfulness meditation can improve a range of mental and physical health outcomes, and neuroimaging studies are beginning to identify the brain mechanisms that mediate the relationships between mindfulness meditation and such outcomes. Although the neuroscientific investigation of mindfulness meditation is in its infancy, the premise of this chapter is that mindfulness meditation engages a unique, distributed network of brain regions. Recent accounts of mindfulness meditation have delineated some of the psychoneurobiological mechanisms of action of this method of mental training (Austin, 1998; Cahn & Polich, 2006; Hölzel et al., 2011) and offered theoretical frameworks to describe and explain meditationbased changes in neurocognitive and selfrelated processes (Vago & Silbersweig, 2012). However, discrepancies between meditation traditions, and differing characteristics and durations of training highlight the importance of delineating the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness meditation from a longitudinal perspective. Therefore, a comprehensive description of the brain mechanisms supporting mindfulness meditation must consider commonalties and differences across training levels. This chapter builds on previous neuroscientific work by offering a complementary perspective that focuses on a temporal account of the neurobiology of mindfulness, which considers the neurobiological basis of how C H A P T E R 1 0
Inactivation of the gene (cpe ) encoding Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin eliminates the ability of two cpe‐positive C. perfringens type A human gastrointestinal disease isolates to affect rabbit ileal loops

Previous epidemiological studies have implicated Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) as a virulence factor in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses caused by C. perfringens type A isolates, including C. perfringens type A food poisoning and non‐food‐borne GI illnesses, such as antibiotic‐associated diarrhoea and sporadic diarrhoea. To further evaluate the importance of CPE in the pathogenesis of these GI diseases, allelic exchange was used to construct cpe knock‐out mutants in both SM101 (a derivative of a C. perfringens type A food poisoning isolate carrying a chromosomal cpe gene) and F4969 (a C. perfringens type A non‐food‐borne GI disease isolate carrying a plasmid‐borne cpe gene). Western blot analyses confirmed that neither cpe knock‐out mutant could express CPE during either sporulation or vegetative growth, and that this lack of CPE expression could be complemented by transforming these mutants with a recombinant plasmid carrying the wild‐type cpe gene. When the virulence of the wild‐type, mutant and complementing strains were compared in a rabbit ileal loop model, sporulating (but not vegetative) culture lysates of the wild‐type isolates induced significant ileal loop fluid accumulation and intestinal histopathological damage, but neither sporulating nor vegetative culture lysates of the cpe knock‐out mutants induced these intestinal effects. However, full sporulation‐associated virulence could be restored by complementing these cpe knock‐out mutants with a recombinant plasmid carrying the wild‐type cpe gene, which confirms that the observed loss of virulence for the cpe knock‐out mutants results from the specific inactivation of the cpe gene and the resultant loss of CPE expression. Therefore, in vivo analysis of our isogenic cpe mutants indicates that CPE expression is necessary for these two cpe‐positive C. perfringens type A human disease isolates to cause GI effects in the culture lysate:ileal loop model system, a finding that supports CPE as an important virulence factor in GI diseases involving cpe‐positive C. perfringens type A isolates.
Mixing in stratified-shear flows forced by internal waves

Mixing in stratified-shear flows forced by internal waves Cynthia E. Bluteau 1 , Nicole L. Jones and Gregory N. Ivey School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering and the UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia, 6009 cynthia.bluteau@uwa.edu. au, nicole.jones@uwa.edu. au, greg.ivey@uwa.edu. au Abstract We present mixing observations from the Australian North West Shelf, where large semidi- urnal tides, and shoaling nonlinear internal waves are generated offshore at the shelf-break. Around 30 moorings were deployed for about three weeks in April 2012 over several hun- dreds of kilometres, clustered around four nodes. We focus here on the near-bed turbu- lence and mean observations collected from one of the nodes where a 35-m long mooring (BUBS) was deployed in 105 m of water. The BUBS mooring was instrumented with mean velocity, temperature and conductivity sensors to derive the local mean shear S and stratification N . Turbulence observations were also obtained from more than 300 vertical microstructure shear profiles (VMP-500, Rockland Scientific) collected across the region. Our goal was to determine the intensity of the mixing, particularly during the passage of nonlinear internal waves, and to ultimately assess various mixing models. Introduction In the stratified-ocean, internal tides emanate from topographical features following the interaction of surface tides with local topography. Internal tides propagate over large distances before dissipating energy and are considered a major contributor to the global ocean energy budget (e.g., Wunsch et al., 2004). Accurately predicting mixing affects our ability to forecast global ocean circulation, and consequently climate change, given the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean. Most mixing relationships used in environmental flows can be rewritten in the form of Richardson’s 4/3 mixing law, which relates the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation and the size of large turbulent overturns L to the mixing rate K via K ∼ 1/3 L 4/3 . For instance, from the Osborn (1980) model K O = (R f /(1 − R f )) /N 2 , if one assumes the flux Richardson number is constant p at R f = 0.17, this implies the mixing is controlled by the Ozmidov length scale L O = /N 3 . We recently demonstrated that mixing is controlled by the length-scale L ρ = f (χ T , S, N ) (Ivey et al, JFM in prep.). This definition for L results in K ρ = 1/3 L ρ and is consistent with the Osborn-Cox model: K T = 1 χ T 2 T Z 2 where χ T represents the dissipation of thermal variance and T Z is the background vertical temperature gradient (Osborn and Cox, 1972). Equation 1 requires that temperature is the main contributor to stratification. These relationships also highlight the dependency of R f on χ T , and N . Here, we will demonstrate the intensity of mixing resulting from the passage of nonlinear internal waves on the Australian North West Shelf. Corresponding and Presenting Author VIII th Int. Symp. on Stratified Flows, San Diego, USA, Aug. 29 - Sept. 1, 2016
Evaluating different measures of sickness absence with respect to work characteristics

Aims: Four different measures of sickness absence were related to psychosocial and physical work characteristics in workplaces with high, intermediate, and low sickness absence. The relationships between work characteristics and sickness absence were hypothesized to differ depending the sickness absence measure used. Methods: Questionnaire data on physical work environment, physical load, support, influence at work, and worry were collected from 1,726 employees at 48 dental clinics in Stockholm, Sweden and were related to registry-based sickness absence obtained at the workplace level. The sickness absence measures included: (1) frequency, (2) one-day absence, (3) overall duration, and (4) duration between 2 and 21 days. Results: For frequency, significant differences were found for all work characteristics, with poor work characteristics being associated with a high frequency of sickness absence. Considering duration between 2 and 21 days, there were significant differences in support, influence at work and physical work environment; for one-day absence, support, influence at work and physical load differed significantly. Conversely, there were no significant differences for the overall duration measure. Conclusions: The results show that frequency of sickness absence is most consistently related to work characteristics, that short-time sickness absences have more inconsistent relationships and that relationship with overall duration is lacking. This highlights the need for further differentiation between different sickness absence measures, the behavioral patterns associated with different types of absences and the implication of such processes for prevention and intervention.