Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients from North India

Background: Worldwide, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the one of the leading cause of chronic morbidity and mortality. COPD is one of the diseases in which smoking is the common and important risk factor when it is associated with Metabolic syndrome (MetS). The individual components of MetS, i.e., obesity, dyslipidemia, fasting hyperglycaemia, and hypertension were independently associated with impairment of lung function too. The objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among COPD patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in department of Respiratory Diseases and a total of 70 COPD patients were included in the study, which were enrolled for treatment from July 2016 to July 2017. The severity level in patients with COPD were determined according to GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease), 2015 guideline. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) guideline; (2005) was used in diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Results: Seventy patients with COPD were enrolled during the study period. There were 45 males (64.2%) and 25(35.7%) females. Mean age of male patients was 58.67±9.87 years, while mean age of female patients was 57.23±10.4 years (35-87 years). Mean BMI of male was 24.33±6.64 kg/m, while in case of female it was 30.07±6.95 kg/m and overall mean BMI of study population was 26.22±7.22 kg/m. The mean waist circumference of male was 86.91±13.31 cm while in female it was 87.18±14.51 cm. The Overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31.34% and most common in GOLD stage-3 (47.06%), followed by stage-2 (40%), followed by stage-4 (25.71%) and 7.4 % in GOLD stage -1. Conclusions: The presence of metabolic syndrome is common in patients with COPD and, all COPD patients should be considered for screening for it.
Effects of calcium carbide waste on soil bacteria and enzymes

The effects of calcium carbide waste on some groups of soil microorganisms and soil enzymes were studied using standard microbiological and biochemical techniques. Soil samples were collected from a vehicle maintenance area as well as from an adjacent farm land (control) during the dry and rainy seasons. The population of all the bacterial groups in the different seasons was affected adversely by calcium carbide waste. Total heterotrophic bacteria (THB), being a representative of the bacterial groups decreased from 3.6 x 10 ±0.35 cfu/g to 4.1 x 10 ±0.09 cfu/g in the dry season, and from 4.1 x 10±0.02cfu/g to 1.1 x 10±0.01cfu/g during the rainy season. There was also significant decrease in the activity of the enzymes in different seasons. The enzymes most adversely affected in the different seasons include acid phosphate, urease and lipase. The effect of calcium carbide waste on the parameters studied was more severe during the dry season.
Comprehensive Survey of Performance of Techniques for Hand Gesture Recognition System for Sign Languages

Hand Gesture Recognition System (HGRS) used for human-computer interaction. HGRS is having phases which are applied on captured image. The image is passes through phases like Hand Detection, Region of Extraction, Feature Extraction, Feature Matching, Pattern Recognition. There are many algorithms and techniques used for the phases in HGRS. There are various techniques used to improve the performance of HGRS in feature extraction and feature matching. This comprehensive study of techniques used for feature extraction and feature matching will elaborate performance of these techniques for various purpose in HGRS. For the various phases in HGRS, different algorithms can be used for feature extraction and feature matching like K-nearest neighbor, Support Vector Machine, BOF and SIFT, etc. The performances of the various existing algorithms is discussed.
Beta-Lactamases and ESBL

Microbial resistance through extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) was first reported in the early 1980s in Europe and subsequently in the United States soon after the introduction of third-generation cephalosporins in clinical practice. β -Lactamases are enzymes that inactivate β -lactam antibiotics by opening the β-lactam ring of penicillins and cephalosporin and abolish their antimicrobial activity. Beta-lactamases have been described for many species of grampositive and gram-negative bacteria. Some β-lactamases are plasmid mediated while others are chromosomally
Channel Estimation of MIMO Ofdm based system using pilot based neural networks

In this paper Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used for channel estimation in MIMO OFDM systems over AWGN fading channels. Neural Network is trained on the basis of pilots over the different layers using back propagation algorithm. In OFDM system, pilots are used here in order to estimate the channel. Pattern of pilots must be able to match the channel behavior both in time and frequency domains. In this arrangement, the performance of the channel estimation is done through estimators based on obtaining weights and biases of ANN are carried out through MATLAB Simulation and coding. The performance of OFDM is evaluated on the basis of Bit Error Rate (BER). This technique is useful in achieving different parameters the high data rate, transmission capability with high bandwidth, efficiency and its compatibility to noise.
Area Efficient Higher Order FIR Filter Design using Improved Distributed Arithmetic with Look up Tables

-This paper describes the design and implementation of highly efficient LUT based circuit for the implementation of FIR filter using Distributed arithmetic algorithm. It is a multiplier less fir filter designed and designed based on distributed arithmetic algorithm. The DA based technique consists of Look Up Table (LUT), shift registers and scaling accumulator. Analysis on the performance of filter order with partition on different address length of partial tables are done using Xilinx 12.1 synthesis tool. The proposed architecture provides an efficient area-time-power implementation which improves latency and less area-delay complexity through pipelining technique when compared with existing structures for FIR Filter.
Low Power Delay Product 10T Adder Circuit

: In this paper, the various low power delay product full adder circuits have been analyzed. The adder is the fundamental blocks of any arithmetic circuit, so even a small reduction power or delay leads to improved performance of the circuit with optimal power saving. A 10T adder technique is the famous low power delay product full adder circuits with minimum transistor count. A new 10T technique based low power delay product full adder circuits have been proposed. To analyze the performance of proposed adder; the CMOS adder, 10T adder and proposed 10T adder are simulated using tanner EDA tools with 45nm technology. The power consumption in various sources and delay have been computed and analyzed for different supply voltage. Also power delay product and number of transistors for each design has been calculated and compared with other design. when VDD=1v, compared to Conventional CMOS the proposed 10T adder achieves power savings of 66.65%, PDP savings of 54.9% and area saving of 64% with the increased delay of 26%. It is also observed that compared to10T adder the proposed 10T adder achieves power savings of 36.11%, PDP savings of 50.69% and delay savings of 22.81%.
Genomic Evaluation of Colombian Holstein Cattle Using Imputed Genotypes at Medium Density

Objective. The goal of this study was to determine the accuracy and bias of direct genomic values (DGV) using imputed genotypes at medium density in yieldand reproduction-related traits for Holstein cattle from Antioquia, Colombia. Materials and Methods. A total of 31 animals were genotyped with the Illumina BovineLD chip, 64 with Illumina BovineSNP50v2 and 48 with Illumina BovineHD. Two SNP panels (6K and 40K) were imputed to a density of 44K using the FINDHAP.f90 v4 program. The effects of the SNPs were estimated using the Bayes C method, using low-density (6K) genotypes as well as medium-density imputed genotypes (44_imputed). The accuracy and bias of the DGVs were determined by cross-validation. The evaluated traits were: milk yield (MY), percentage of protein (PP), percentage of fat (PF), somatic cell score (SCS), calving interval (CI) and open days (OD). Results. When using the 6K panel, the accuracy values for DGV (rpDGV;EBV) in all the studied traits ranged from 0.19 to 0.24, and the bias (bDGV;EBV) from 0.03 to 0.16. In contrast, using the 44K_imputed panel generated higher accuracy values ranging from 0.24 to 0.33 and a bias ranging from 0.03 to 0.26. Conclusions. The accuracy of prediction the DGV was higher with genotypes imputed to medium densities when compared to the accuracy of prediction obtained using low-density genotypes. Therefore, in this study it is concluded that the imputation of genotypes is very useful, because it improves the reliability of the genomic evaluation.
Java Smart Card Security Threats and their Countermeasures a Comparative Study

: Smart Card programming and development began with idea of incorporating an integrated circuit into a plastic card introduced in late 1960s.Smart card numbers were in millions in last decade with multi-application uses i.e. smart cards are used for business transactions and numerous other services. They come integrated with detection and recovery schemes from the security threat problems. This technology can provide identification, authentication, limited data storage and multi-application processing. This paper presents comparative study of threats associated with smart card based on java card technology. These threats are categorized as Logical, Physical and Combined Attacks. Their vulnerabilities with countermeasures have also been discussed.
A GENETIC ALGORITHM OPTIMIZED MULTI-LAYER PERCEPTRON FOR SOFTWARE DEFECT PREDICTION

Predicting the defects in software is one of the significant issues in software engineering that contributes a considerable measure toward sparing time in software generation and maintenance process. Essentially, discovering the optimal models for Software Defect Prediction (SDP) has these days transformed into one of the primary objectives of software architects. Since details and restrictions of software development are growing and negative outcomes like, failure and errors diminish software quality and consumer loyalty, delivering error-free software is exceptionally hard. In this work, a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network is proposed to classify the software defects. To enhance the performance of the proposed MLP, the parameters of the neural network is optimized utilizing Genetic Algorithm (GA).
Direction Based Routing Algorithms in VANETs

: - The Networks of vehicles moving on the road are considered as Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). The relative speed of the vehicles may be up to 300 km/hr and the number of nodes is very high. In Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) the nodes movement is bounded to road topology. In VANET the link breakage can be avoided with the help of the mobility pattern knowledge for neighbor nodes. In this paper, routing algorithms for VANETs are used in presence of IEEE802.11p as infrastructure. To limit the flooding between the number of nodes, roads are divided into small segments with help of fixed infrastructure, which is known as Road Side Units (RSUs). The routing algorithm is used for Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication. In this paper, the performance is evaluated over two parameters i.e. routing overhead and jitter for V2V and V2I communication when the vehicles are moving with constant or variable speed bidirectional in highway scenario
An Improved Range-free Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

— In WSN, localization is very important issue. Localization of sensor nodes is required to know the location of origin of events. Because of cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency and no need of additional hardware for localization, Range-free localization algorithms are important research topic. This paper presents an improved localization algorithm in terms of localization error. MATLAB simulations are done for comparison with previous Range-free algorithms.
Silymarin and Vitamin E modulate 950MHz Electromagnetic Field-induced Oxidative Stress and Hormonal Changes in Male Albino Rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin E, silymarin and their co-administration on oxidative stress and hormonal changes in rats whole body exposed to 950 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) for 2months (2hrs/day, 3times/week). Vitamin E (1.35mg/Kg BW) and/or silymarin (18mg/Kg BW) were orally administered to rats for 2months before EMF exposure. Exposure to EMF provokes oxidative stress identified by significant increases in serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and protein carbonyl (CO) levels associated to significant decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and glutathione (GSH) content. Oxidative stress was accompanied by significant decreases of serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and total and free testosterone levels. Vitamin E as well as silymarin has significantly reduced oxidative stress and ameliorated hormone levels. It is concluded that the co-administration of vitamin E with silymarin would provide a better protection against EMF-induced biological hazards. [Abd El Rahman NA, Abd El Hady AM, Eltahawy NA. Silymarin and Vitamin E modulate 950MHz Electromagnetic Field-induced Oxidative Stress and Hormonal Changes in Male Albino Rats. J Am Sci 2014;10(9):170-176]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 23
Dynamic Performance Improvement of Non-isolated High – Gain Boost Converter using ANN Controller

High gain transformer less dc-dc converters are gaining more attention in recent days due their inherent advantages like nominal voltage stress across the switches, minimal components, reduced additional circuitry components. The principal advantage of these converters is that they offer high conversion gain at reasonably good duty ratios this makes these circuits suitable for high conversion gain applications like switched modes power suppies, Photovoltaic cells and Fuel cell based ones. This paper mainly emphasizes on development of a closed loop control scheme based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). A Current mode control scheme is implemented with the help of ANN based Adaptive Linear Elements (ADALINE model). The ADALINE is used for the production of modulating signal for the pulse width modulator (PWM). The designed control scheme is applied to the circuit given in [1]. Simulation studies are performed for conversions gains 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 for a load rating of 250W.
Type I and II Interferon are Associated with High Expression of the Hippo Pathway Family Members

The Hippo pathway plays a regulatory role on inflammation and cell death and proliferation. Here we described a relationship between Hippo pathway components and inflammation in healthy subjects. The plasma levels of cytokines and chemokines were used to define their inflammatory profile and classify them as normal, high and low producers of cytokines. Leukocytes from healthy subjects with inflammatory profile expressed the highest levels of MSTS1/MST2, SAV1, LATS1/LATS2, MOB1A/MOB1B and YAP genes. The group that overexpressed Hippo pathway-related genes secreted more IFN-ϒ and IFN-α2.
Interleukin (IL)-13, IL-17A, and Mast Cell Chymase Gene Polymorphisms in Bronchial Asthma Interleukin (IL)-13, IL-17A, and Mast Cell Chymase Gene Polymorphisms in Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-A Pilot Study in a Japanese Populationand Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseas

Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common respiratory diseases that are caused by the interaction of genetic susceptibility with environmental factors [1,2]. In 1961 Orie and colleagues postulated the Dutch hypothesis [3], and they suggested asthma and COPD have genetic and environmental risk factors in common [4]. Latter investigations have led to the evaluation of interleukin 13 (IL-13) as a possible common candidate gene for bronchial asthma and COPD [5].
Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in cases with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer -Type Dementia

The aim of this study was to compare mean retinal n erve fiber layer thickness (MRNFLT) in cases with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild and moderate Alzheimer type dementia (ATD) with normal individuals. We evaluated 54 eyes of 27 patients with the diagnosis of mild and moderate ATD and MCI and 32 eyes of 16 people, as control group who are compatible with the other age group. Diagnosis of A TD was made according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edi tion (DSM-IV) and diagnosis of MCI was made according to Petersen criteria. Mini menta l state examination (MMSE) was applied to patient and control group. There was no si gnificantly difference in terms of age and gender between groups. MRNFLT were significantly de creased in MCI group than control group. In general patient group MRNFLT levels were not significantly lower than the control group, but general trend was a decrease direct ion. Correlation was not detected between cognitive decline and MRNFLT loss degree. Sta tistically significant difference was not observed in MRNLFT values, between MCI, mild and moderate ATD patient groups. RNFLT measurement with HRT is an easy method which may be useful to show the retinal effects of the disease in patients with MCI and mil d and moderate Alzheimer type dementia. Our data show that; RNFLT is reduced in patients wi th MCI. However, the increase in the severity of cognitive decline does not effect on RN FLT.
Prevalence of Giardia lamblia among Iraqi Displaced Peoples in Kirkuk Province

Iraq in 4 decades ago was undergo several wars in particular that started from 1980 till to recent time has had potential effects on economic outcome, subsequently impact of public health of Iraqi peoples living in areas where the war was continuous. So, that the current study was conducted to estimate prevalence of Giardia lamblia and other intestinal Parasites among Iraqi displaced people (IDPs) using two different laboratory techniques. For this purpose, 417 stool samples from both gender and ages from below one year to 60 years were collected from peoples in 12 districts in Kirkuk Province, whom they live under poor hygienic condition and low level of sanitation. Two laboratory methods where performed on each collected stool sample; namely direct double wet preparation of 0.85% of NaCl solution and 1% Lugol s iodine and formalin-ether concentration method. The overall rate of intestinal parasitic infection was 19.66 %, this rate was divided in to 10.31 % for Giardia lamblia and 9.35 % for other 9 intestinal parasites. They involve: Blastocyst homonis 4.17 %, Entamoeba histolytica 1.67 %,Cryptosporidium parvum 1.43 %, Entamoeba coli 0.71 %, Cyclospora cayetanensis, 0.49 %, and 0.23 % for each of Entamoeba hartmani, Iodomoeba butschili, Hymenolepis nana and Ancylostoma duodenale. Statistically formalinether technique show high efficacy and significance than wet preparation technique in demonstrating other intestinal parasites. Also Giardia lamblia was highly found among peoples aging from 1 year to 10 years than in other age groups. While relationship between giardiasis and types of applied laboratory methods and patients gender was not significant. The rate of giardiasis among IDPs was high speciallyparticularly among young aged peoples. Formalin-ether concentration technique had value in detecting other intestinal parasites rather than detecting giardiasis. K e y w o r d s
Identification of potent VEGFR-2 Inhibitors of Angiogenesis through homology modeling, Structure based virtual screening, docking and molecular dynamics simulations

VEGFR-2 is a known protein target for antiangiogenic agents, was used in this study. In order to understand of the mechanisms of ligand binding and the interaction between the ligand and the VEGFR-2. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the VEGFR-2 is generated based on the crystal structure of the complex containing KIT and sunitinib (PDB code 3G0E) by using the Moduller9v11 software. With the aid of the MD simulation methods, the final refined model is obtained and is further assessed by SAVES server, which shows that the refined model is reliable. With this model, a flexible docking with screened compounds from Zinc database was performed by AutoDock in PyRx Virtual Screening tool. Ten lead molecules having better binding energy than query (Pazopanib). The binding interactions of compounds with active site of VP-3 model suggested that the amino acid residues (Glu13, Glu15, Leu57, Glu134, Cys136, Lys137, Gly215, Arg218, Asp 223, Arg247 and Tyr249) play a key role for drug design. The MD simulations were performed for VEGFR-2Zinc14945139 (lead1) docking complex in NAMD v2.9. The Trajectory analysis showed docking complex and inter molecular interactions was stable throughout the entire production part of MD simulations. The predicted pharmalogical properties of best compounds, among them Zinc14945139 is well within the range of a drug molecule with good ADME profile. Hence, would be intriguing towards development of potent inhibitor molecule against VEGFR-2.
Summarization of Malayalam Document Using Relevance of Sentences

— Text summarization is an emerging technique for finding out the summary of the text document. Text summarization is nothing but summarizing the content of given text document. Text summarization has got so uses such as Due to the massive amount of information getting increased on internet; it is difficult for the user to go through all the information available on web. Summarization techniques need to be used to reduce the users time in reading the whole information available on web. In this paper propose a Malayalam text summarization system which is based on MMR technique with successive threshold. Here the sentences are selected based on the concept of maximal marginal relevance. The key idea is to use a unit step function at each step to decide the maximum marginal relevance and the number of sentences present in the summary would be equal to the number of paragraphs or the average number of sentences present in the text document, which can be achieved by using successive threshold approach. We apply MMR approach on Malayalam text summarization task and achieve comparable results to the state of the art.
Effect of Cobalt Chloride on the Amino Acid Levels in Silk Gland of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L

The effect of cobalt on the total proteins, protease activity, free amino acids, alanine amino transferase (ALAT) activity and aspartate amino transferase (AAT) activity were studied. The increase of total protein content in silk gland may be either due to increased efflux or decreased proteolysis activity which might lead to accumulation of protein content. The decrease of protease activity level in silk gland may be due to lower rate of histolysis. The free amino acids showed a decrease in the silk gland of cobalt chloride treated larvae which indicates the faster mobilization of free amino acids into oxidative metabolism in the presence of cobalt chloride. The ALAT and AAT activity levels were elevated after cobalt chloride treatment indicating the active involvement in the protein synthesis.