Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Convolution Layer Convolution Layer Pooling Layer Pooling Layer Maxout Maxout Output Layer Fully Connected Layer Feature Extraction Classification

Pedestrian detection is an active research topic for driving assistance systems. To install pedestrian detection in a regular vehicle, however, there is a need to reduce its cost and ensure high accuracy. Although many approaches have been developed, vision-based methods of pedestrian detection are best suited to these requirements. In this paper, we propose the methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) that achieves high accuracy in various fields. To achieve such generalization, our CNN-based method introduces Random Dropout and Ensemble Inference Network (EIN) to the training and classification processes, respectively. Random Dropout selects units that have a flexible rate, instead of the fixed rate in conventional Dropout. EIN constructs multiple networks that have different structures in fully connected layers. The proposed methods achieves comparable performance to state-of-the-art methods, even though the structure of the proposed methods are considerably simpler.
INTELLIGENT ADVISORY SYSTEM FOR SUPPORTING COMPUTER-BASED AUTHENTICATION USERS

Authentication is one of the cornerstones of computer security systems today, and most users of computers interact withthese mechanisms on a daily basis. However, human factor has often been described as one of the weakest part of computersecurity as users of authentication are often identified to be the weakest link in the security chain. In related development ithas been demanding to merge usability with security in the choice of authentication method by computer users. To addressthe serious problem, this paper presents an intelligent advisory system based on artificial neural network that can assist usersof authentication systems on making decision on the authentication method that best suits them.Keywords: Intelligent, Advisory system, Authentication, Human Factors
On the nature of star formation at large galactic radii

We have compared far-ultraviolet (FUV), near-ultraviolet (NUV) and Hα measurements for star-forming regions in 21 galaxies, in order to characterize the properties of their discs at radii beyond the main optical radius (R25). In our representative sample of extended and non-extended ultraviolet (UV) discs, we find that half of the extended UV discs also exhibit extended Hα emission. We find that extended UV discs fall into two categories: those with a sharp truncation in the Hα disc close to the optical edge (R25), and those with extended emission in Hα as well as in the UV. Although most galaxies with strong Hα truncations near R25 show a significant corresponding falloff in UV emission (a factor of 10–100), the transition tends to be much smoother than in Hα, and significant UV emission often extends well beyond this radius, confirming earlier results by Thilker et al. and others. After correcting for dust attenuation the median fraction of total FUV emission from regions outside of R25 is 1.7 per cent, but it can be as high as 35 per cent in the most extreme cases. The corresponding fractions of Hα emission are approximately half as large on average. This difference reflects both a slightly lower ratio of Hα to UV emission in the H ii regions in the outer discs and a lower fraction of star clusters showing H ii regions. Most H ii regions in the extended disc have fluxes consistent with small numbers of ionizing O-type stars, and this poor sampling of the upper initial mass function (IMF) in small clusters can probably account for the differences in the emission properties, consistent with earlier conclusions by Zaritsky & Christlein, without needing to invoke a significant change in the stellar IMF itself. Consistent Hα/FUV ratios and brightest H ii region to total Hα fluxes in the inner and extended discs across our whole galaxy sample demonstrate no evidence for a change in the cluster luminosity function or the IMF in the low gas density outer disc.
nt biology and pathology / Biologie et pathologie végétales netic diversity of the bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia lanacearum using a RAPD marker

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive disease of many economically important crop species. A significant variation in wilt incidence and severity in eggplant and potato was observed among the growing areas surveyed. R. solanacearum isolates obtained both from eggplant and potato belong to biovar III, while isolates from eggplant belong to race 1 and isolates obtained from potato belong to race 3. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used as a tool for assessing genetic variation and relationship among seven isolate groups of R. solanacearum viz., RsB-1, RsB2, RsB-3, RsP-1, RsP-2, RsP-3 and RsP-4, consisting in a total of 28 isolates. Out of the RAPD markers used, amplification with four decamer primers produced 70 bands with sizes ranging from 100 to 1400 bp. Out of 70 bands, 68 bands (97.06%) were polymorphic and two bands (2.94%) were monomorphic amongst the seven R. solanacearum isolates group. The Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) dendrogram constructed from Nei’s genetic distance produced two main clusters of the seven isolates of R. solanacearum. The isolates RsB-1, RsB-2, RsB-3 and R-4 grouped in cluster y, while RsP2, RsP-3 and RsP-4 grouped in cluster yy. The highest intra-variety similarity index (Si) was found in RsB-1 isolate (86.35%) and the lowest one in RsP-2 (56.59%). The results indicated that relatively higher and lower levels of genetic variation were found in RsP-3 and RsB-3, respectively. The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 0.5487, reflecting the existence of a high level of genetic variations among seven isolates of R. solanacearum. Comparatively higher genetic distance (0.4293) and lower genetic identity (0.6510) were observed between RsB-2 and RsP-4 combinations. The lowest genetic distance (0.0357) and highest genetic identity (0.9650) were found in RsB-1 vs. RsB-2 pair. Thus, RAPD offers a potentially simple, rapid and reliable method to evaluate genetic diversity analysis in R. solanacearum. 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Corresponding author. E-mail address: rasha740177@yahoo.com (M.R. Islam).
Enlarged posterior fossa on prenatal imaging : Differential diagnosis , associated anomalies and post-natal outcome Running headline : Enlarged posterior fossa : Ultrasound and MRI

Introduction: The primary aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence the individual conditions and of associated anomalies in fetuses with the prenatal diagnosis of enlarged posterior fossa and to explore the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in these anomalies. The secondary aim was to evaluate the post-natal outcome of children affected by posterior fossa anomalies. Material and methods: All fetuses with enlarged posterior fossa detected by prenatal sonography at a referral center from 2001-2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Some were also studied by fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or volume ultrasound examinations. Fetal sonographic and MRI were compared using following classification: Dandy-Walker malformation; Megacisterna magna (MCM); Blake’s pouch cyst; isolated vermian hypoplasia; vermian agenesis; posterior fossa arachnoid cyst; and cerebellar hypoplasia. Results: Among the 69 fetuses the ultrasound diagnoses were: MCM (n=29; of these isolated n=15), Dandy-Walker malformation (n=28, isolated n=4), vermian hypoplasia (n=5, isolated n=4), Blake’s pouch cyst (n=4, isolated n=1), cerebellar hypoplasia (n=2; none isolated) and arachnoid cyst in the posterior fossa (n=1, isolated). 13 of the 41 karyotyped fetuses were aneuploid, including seven with Dandy-Walker malformation. Associated malformations were found in 37/69 cases. There were 39 live births, including 11 with confirmed Dandy-Walker malformation six of whom show a normal development. 12 infants with truly isolated MCM show normal development. There were eight false-positive prenatal diagnoses (or resolution until birth) of “enlarged posterior fossa”: Three with Blake’s pouch cyst, two MCM and one with vermian hypoplasia. Conclusions: An enlarged posterior fossa A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. requires specific diagnoses for best possible counseling. The term “Dandy-Walker variant” should not be used any more. Isolated MCM and Blake’s pouch cyst can either resolve or be normal variants, but may also indicate the presence of a more severe anomaly or associated malformations.
The double-deficit hypothesis and difficulties in learning to read a regular orthography.

In 2 large longitudinal studies, we selected 3 subgroups of German-speaking children (phonological awareness deficit, naming-speed deficit, double deficit) at the beginning of school and assessed reading and spelling performance about 3 years later. Quite different from findings with English-speaking children, phonological awareness deficits did not affect phonological coding in word recognition but did affect orthographic spelling and foreign-word reading. Naming-speed deficits did affect reading fluency, orthographic spelling, and foreign-word reading. Apparently, in the context of a regular orthography and a synthetic phonics teaching approach, early phases of literacy acquisition (particularly the acquisition of phonological coding) are less affected by early phonological awareness deficits than are later phases that depend on the build up of orthographic memory. The double-deficit hypothesis was developed by Maryanne Wolf and Patricia Bowers as an extension of the dominant phonological-deficit explanation of developmental dyslexia (e.g., Bowers & Wolf, 1993; Wolf & Bowers, 1999). The phonologicaldeficit hypothesis postulates an early difficulty in acquiring phonological awareness, which interferes with the acquisition of grapheme-phoneme coding as a word recognition mechanism, which in turn results in reduced self-teaching of orthographic word representations (Share, 1995). The early problem with phonological awareness is seen as resulting from less sharp phoneme boundaries in speech perception (Fowler, 1991) or from less distinct phonological word representations (Elbro & Peterson, 1998). The double-deficit hypothesis acknowledges the phonological awareness deficit of dyslexic children but stresses a deficit in naming speed as a second and equally important cause of reading difficulties. The first demonstration that dyslexic children show impaired naming speed was provided by Denckla and Rudel (1976), whose Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) Test became the standard assessment of naming speed. In the RAN test, a large array of repeatedly presented, well-known visual patterns (pictured objects, color patches, digits) has to be named as quickly as possible. Wolf, Bally, and Morris (1986) were the In:st to show that early differences in rapid naming are predictive of later reading difficulties. The double-deficit hypothesis is based on findings (reviewed by Wolf & Bowers, 1999) showing that, typically, there are only modest correlations between phonological awareness measures and RAN performance in groups of dyslexic children and that dyslexic children as a group exhibit both phonological awareness deficits and naming-speed deficits. From these findings,
Mean temperature of the catch increases quickly in the Mediterranean Sea

The mean temperature of the catch (MTC) is an indicator that has been recently pro- posed in order to assess the effect of global warming on the exploited marine communities. In this study, we applied the MTC to the catches from the western, central, and eastern Mediterranean Sea for the period 1970 to 2010. We found that the MTC of Mediterranean subareas has been increasing at higher rates compared to those previously reported and its increase is strongly related to sea warming. The rate of MTC increase varied among subareas (0.56, 1.05, and 0.29°C per decade for western, central and eastern Mediterranean subareas, respectively) and could have been higher had Lessepsian species, i.e. species of Indo-Pacific origin migrating through the Suez Canal, been included in the analysis (their catches are not yet officially recorded). The MTC rates we detected are higher than those previously reported for the Mediterranean as a whole. Our results indicate that, in the Mediterranean, the ratio of thermophilous to psychrophilous mar- ine species has been changing in favour of the former, indicating either an increase in their rela- tive proportion in the catches or a decrease in the relative proportion of the psychrophilous spe- cies. Both conditions indicate that global warming has a strong effect on marine exploited communities.
Maximising the credibility of realistic job preview messages: the effect of jobseekers’ decision-making style on recruitment information credibility

Abstract Recruiting the right talent is crucial, particularly in sectors, such as the retail industry, with a high turnover and low commitment levels. In today’s job marketplace, jobseekers receive recruitment messages from various sources. Recruiters are increasingly concerned about the effectiveness of their job recruitment messages. Previous research has indicated that recruitment information credibility is critical to mediating a jobseeker’s willingness to join an organisation. However, research on how to maximise the credibility of job recruitment messages has not led to conclusive results. Taking an individual differences perspective, this research presents two scenario-based experiments to explore how retail-trade jobseekers respond differently to experience-based information that is provided by a company-controlled source depending on their decision-making style. Study 1 (746 participants) shows that when the message is presented in the employee’s tone (staff word-of-mouth, SWOM-formed) and contains employee descriptions and opinions, satisficers perceive the message to be more credible. Maximisers, on the other hand, are less likely to be affected by how the message is formed. Study 2 (351 participants) reveals that the joint effect of job-type and the provider’s background information moderated satisficer-style but not maximiser-style jobseekers’ perceptions of credibility. While satisficers are more likely to perceive an employee’s tone (SWOM-formed) message as credible when the message presents a match between the background of the employee and the job type under consideration, maximisers are not affected by this joint effect. The study has theoretical implications that explain the divergent results in the existing recruitment-message studies and has practical implications for recruiters who are seeking to maximise their candidate pool and increase the credibility of their recruitment messages.
gene a

We isolated several mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana that accumulated less anthocyanin in the plant tissues, but had seeds with a brown color similar to the wild-type. These mutants were allelic with the anthocyaninless1 mutant that has been mapped at 15.0 cM of chromosome 5. We made fine mapping of anl1 locus and determined that ANL1 locates between the nga106 marker and a marker designed on the MKP11 clone. About 70 genes were located between these two markers, including three UDP-glucose:flavonoid-3- O -glucosyltransferase like genes and a glutathione transferase gene ( TT19 ). A mutant of one of the glucosyltransferase genes (At5g17050) did not compliment the anl1 phenotype, showing that the ANL1 gene encodes UDP-glucose:flavonoid-3- O -glucosyltransferase. ANL1 was expressed in all the tissues examined, including rosette leaves, stems, flower buds and roots. ANL1 by TTG1 .
Asymmetry in the Transmission of Return Shocks; The Skewed-t Connectedness Framework

In this report we study return spillovers among U.S. asset classes and global stock markets based on nancial connectedness measures as introduced by Diebold and Yilmaz (2012). We show that the assumption of normally distributed residuals in the underlying VAR models is poorly substantiated. Therefore, we introduce new connectedness measures based on skewed-t distributed innovations which account for excess kurtosis and skewness and enable us to make distinctions between the transmission of negative and positive extreme shocks. We nd that the system's total connectedness is little aected by this new assumption, but that there are large dierences in the transmission of extreme positive and negative shocks among individual markets. Since the original model of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) is nested in our new model, we conclude that it is better to use our newly proposed skewed-t connectedness measures.
Adsorption of ions and thickness dependence of conductivity in liquid crystals

It is experimentally shown that, at thicknesses less than 100 μm, conductivity of planar oriented liquid crystals is a function of the thickness. The main reason for this effect is adsorption of ions on the surface of electrodes. The relation for estimation of changes in the conductivity has been theoretically obtained, and the value of the characteristic length for distribution of ions in a near-electrode area has been estimated.
Study of tergal glands morphogenesis through an integrative analysis of genomic data

Study of tergal glands morphogenesis through an integrative analysis of genomic data by Guillem Ylla Bou About 50% of living species are holometabolan insects. Therefore, unraveling the origin of insect metamorphosis from the hemimetabolan (gradual metamorphosis) to the holometabolan (sudden metamorphosis at the end of the life cycle) mode is equivalent to explaining how all this biodiversity originated. One of the problems with studying the evolution from hemimetaboly to holometaboly is that most information is available only in holometabolan species. Within the hemimetabolan group, our model, the cockroach Blattella germanica, is the most studied species. However, given that the study of adult morphogenesis at organismic level is still complex, we focused on the study of the tergal gland (TG) as a minimal model of metamorphosis. The TG is formed in tergites 7 and 8 (T7-8) in the last days of the last nymphal instar (nymph 6). The comparative study of four T7-T8 transcriptomes provided us with crucial keys of TG formation, but also essential information about the mechanisms and circuitry that allows the shift from nymphal to adult morphogenesis.
Open Archive TOULOUSE Archive Ouverte (OATAO)

This work is part of an extensive investigation on the equivalent permeability of heterogeneous and fractured media. We focus here on the prob-lem of Darcian/Poiseuille ﬂow in an irregular network of fracture segments (in 2D) or conduits (in 2D or 3D). An exact algebraic relation between the mean ﬂux vector(Q) and the mean hydraulic gradient (J) is developed through a mathematical analyzis of the network ﬂow problem, based on concepts from graph theory, leading to a discrete deﬁnition of DIV and GRAD operators. The resulting equivalent permeability is a 2nd rank tensor Kij, not necessarily symmetric and not necessarily positive-deﬁnite. Its properties are analyzed for given types of boundary conditions and averaging procedures.
Transonic airfoil aerodynamic characterization by means of PIV

The present investigation assesses the method to extract aerodynamic coefficients and surface pressure from a 2D airfoil in the transonic compressible regime (Ma = 0.6 – 0.8). Particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments are performed and momentum integrals are evaluated to obtain lift and drag coefficients, which are in turn compared to those measured by a rake of Pitot-probes in the wake of the airfoil and by surface pressure orifices. The method applied in this study is an extension of that proposed by Oudheusden et al. (2006) to the compressible flow regime and takes into account the compressibility effects in absence of shock waves. The measurement is performed by a high-repetition rate PIV system to rapidly obtain a large recordings ensemble for the statistical evaluation of flow properties. Several magnification levels are used in order to assess the effect of the spatial resolution on the estimates of surface pressure and aerodynamic coefficients. The study includes a validation of the PIV based method by comparison with the conventional methods over a range of incidence and Mach number.
Influence of salts on selective coagulation of whey proteins and their application in the isolation of β-lactoglobulin.

Hanusova J. , Mihulova M. , Diblikova L. , Curda L. (2014): Influence of salts on selective coagulation of whey proteins and their application in the isolation of β-lactoglobulin. Czech J. Food Sci., 32: 77–81. Whey proteins are an important constituent of milk, especially whey from cheese manufacture and have many valu able functional properties such as foaming and emulsifying ability or gel formation. Some whey proteins are sensitive to salt content in a solution. High or low salt content may lead to selective coagulation of these proteins. A part of whey proteins was precipitated by addition of 7% (wt) NaCl and β-lactoglobulin and caseinomacropeptide remained in the supernatant. It was necessary to demineralise the supernatant by electrodialysis for the selective coagulation of caseinomacropeptide from this material. Subsequently, ethanol was added and pH was adjusted. This reduction of the ionic strength and the addition of ethanol induced the selective precipitation of caseinomacropeptide (91.4% from the original amount of CMP). β-lactoglobulin of 91% purity remained in the solution.
Agonism of free fatty acid receptors 1 and 4 generate peptide YY-mediated inhibitory responses in mouse colon Short title : FFA 1 and FFA 4 activities in mouse colon

Runisha Moodaley, David M. Smith, Iain R Tough, Marcus Schindler, and Helen M Cox King’s College London, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Hodgkin Building Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL. Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines & Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG. AstraZeneca Mölndal, Innovative Medicines & Early Development, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases iMed, Pepparedsleden 1, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden.
Reversal Phenomenon on the Mucosal Borderline Relates to Development of Gastric Cancer after Successful Eradication of H. pylori

AIM: The characteristic endoscopic features of the gastric mucosa predictive of cancer development after successful eradication of H. Pylori have not been fully clarified. We have previously reported a reversal of red and white coloration in gastric corpus in some patients after eradication, and referred to it as the “reversal phenomenon on the mucosal borderline” (RP), which is often evident in patients who develop gastric cancer after eradication. Therefore we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the correlation between RP and gastric cancer after H. Pylori eradication, and examined RP histologically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with a history of successful eradication who underwent esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) in our hospital between November 2015 and January 2016 were prospectively enrolled. The numbers of newly diagnosed cancers in RP-positive and negative groups were assessed. In addition, both red and white areas in the RP-positive patients were scrutinized by narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy (NBI-ME), and histologically assessed by taking biopsy specimens. RESULTS: Eighty-five patients were analyzed. Among them, 28 (32.9%) showed RP. Six cancers were found in the RP-positive group, and one in the RP-negative group (p<0.01). NBI-ME showed round pits without a light blue crest (LBC) in white areas, and round pits with LBC or villus-like structures with LBC or white opaque substance in red areas. All biopsy specimens from white areas had fundic glands, and all from red areas showed intestinal metaplasia. COCLUSION: Patients with RP tend to develop gastric cancer after eradication.