Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance bounds for robust estimation using the H∞ filter

A key concern in network observability is to quantify performance and robustness limitations for state estimation from noisy sensors in terms of its dynamical properties and sensor architecture. We develop performance bounds for the robust H∞ filter, a generalization of the Kalman filter. Utilizing an eigenvalue bound on the observability Gramian, we derive a related eigenvalue bound on the estimation error covariance matrix from the generalized Riccati equation of the H∞ filter. As a special case, we obtain estimation performance bounds on the Kalman Filter. The bounds reflect the cardinality of the network and sensor set, the stability of the network, and the number and specific set of states to be estimated. We illustrate our results with numerical analysis on a regular network showing how the bounds change with system parameters.
The control of initial solidification by the imposition of a pulsative AC electromagnetic field

The initial solidification in the continuous casting process can be controlled by imposing a pulsative AC electromagnetic field on the meniscus. The casting experiment of a steel billet has been conducted by using a commercial billet caster. The imposition of a pulsative AC electromagnetic field has greatly improved the surface qualities. This presentation provides the results of the electromagnetic casting project of JRCM which is supported financially by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan.
Nutritive and Antinutritive Values of Ready-to-use Foods Based on Local Ingredients for the Recovery of Moderate Acute Malnourished Children in Cote d Ivoire

Moderate acute malnutrition is one of the most common nutritional disorders among young children in Côte d'Ivoire. For treating this condition, ready-to-use foods have been found to be the most effective. However, their high cost and the recurrent stock breaks lead to national unavailability whose local production can fill and ensure sustainable care. This study has been set to assess the nutritional and anti-nutrient value of ready-to-use foods formulated with locally available ingredients. For doing this, four formulae meeting the recommended nutritive needs for moderately acutely malnourished children aged 6 to 59 months have been produced using traditional methods and household equipment. The cocoa (LF-1 and LF-3) and cashew (LF-2 and LF-4) formulae contained rice, soy, sugar, oil, and egg. The latter has been added to FL-3 and FL-4. All formulae presented biochemical compositions (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and energy except fiber and ash) close to Plumpy’Sup®.
Adaptive-rank receiver for space-time DS-CDMA systems

We propose a reduced rank space-time receiver for multi-user time slotted CDMA systems. The channel estimation is based on an under-parameterization of the space-time channel model. The channels for all users are estimated jointly by constraining the channel matrix of each user to be low-rank. As the rank depends on the interference level and the characteristics of the propagation environment (delay and angle spreads), the rank-order is estimated adaptively for each user according to the MDL criterion (minimum description length).
Exploring and categorising the Arabic copula and auxiliary kāna through enhanced part-of-speech tagging

Arabic syntax has yet to be studied in detail from a corpus-based perspective. The Arabic copula kāna (‘be’), functions also as an auxiliary, creating periphrastic tense–aspect constructions; but the literature on these functions is far from exhaustive. To analyse kāna within the one-million word Corpus of Contemporary Arabic, part-of-speech tagging (using novel, targeted enhancements to a previously described program which improves the accessibility for linguistic analysis of the output of Habash et al.’s [2012] mada disambiguator for the Buckwalter Arabic morphological analyser) is applied to disambiguate copula and auxiliary at a high rate of accuracy. Concordances of both are extracted, and 10 percent samples (499 instances of copula kāna and 387 of auxiliary kāna) are analysed manually to identify surface-level grammatical patterns and meanings. This raw analysis is then systematised according to the more general patterns’ main parameters of variation; special descriptions are developed for specific, apparently fixed-form expressions (including two phraseologies which afford expression of verbal and adjectival modality). Overall, we uncover substantial new detail, not mentioned in existing grammars (e.g., the quantitative predominance of the past imperfect construction over other uses of auxiliary kāna). There exists notable potential for these corpus-based findings to inform and enhance not only grammatical descriptions but also pedagogy of Arabic as a first or second/foreign language.
Evaluation of Kenya Stem Rust Observation Nursery Wheat Genotypes for Yield and Yield Components under Artificial Rust Conditions

Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major cereal crop contributing to global food and nutrition which necessitates the deployment of wheat genotypes that are high yielding and resistant to prevailing diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate Kenya stem rust observation nursery (KSRON) wheat genotypes for grain yield, yield components and stem rust resistance. A 3-season field experiment was set up in a 25 × 7 alpha lattice design at Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Njoro (35°56′60′′ E; 0°20′60′′ S). Significant (p ≤ 0.001) differences due to seasons, genotype and genotype × season interaction was observed for all the traits except days to heading (DH) and number of seeds per spike (SS). Seasons, genotype and genotype × season interaction explained 48.2%, 25.23% and 26.67% of the total variability in grain yield (GY), respectively. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) variation of means between seasons for all the traits were higher in the 2019 main season than the 2019 and 2020 off-seasons except for 1000-kernel weight (TKW). Heritability (H2) estimates ranged from 49.58% for GY to 94.11% for DH. GY had a positive genetic and phenotypic correlation with all the traits except for DH (rg = −0.13, rp = −0.09), stem rust (SR) (rg = −0.53 ***, rp = −0.38 ***) and yellow rust (YR) (rg = −0.28 ***, rp = −0.19 *) severity. SR caused 22%, 14% and 13% reduction in TKW, GY and biomass (BM), respectively. YR caused 2% and 4% reduction in GY and BM. This study identified KSRON 13, KSRON 31, KSRON 40, KSRON 52, KSRON 53, KSRON 78, KSRON 80 and KSRON 144 as the best high GY (8.43–7.79 t ha−1) as well as resistant to SR (AUDPC; 99.0–170.67) and YR (AUDPC; 18.67–128.33).
New species of the genus Eoanthidium (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) from the Middle East link the Afrotropical and Palaearctic Realms, with a key to the Palaearctic taxa

ABSTRACT The genus Eoanthidium though not species-rich has a wide distribution that extends over the Afrotropical, Palaearctic and Indomalayan regions. The species of the Middle East are here revised and their distribution evaluated in this zoogeographic hub between these three realms. Eoanthidium afroarabicum Kasparek & Griswold sp. nov. was found to have a broad distribution from southern Oman and the Gebel Elba area, Egypt to Mali and Burkina Faso, and is the only species of the genus known to link the Middle East with Africa. Anthidiellum crenulatum Warncke, 1982 is transferred to the genus Eoanthidium, and E. bakerorum Engel, 2004 is recognised as a junior synonym of it. The distribution of E. crenulatum comb. nov. extends over the surroundings of the Gulf of Oman. A structurally very similar species, E. flavifrontale Kasparek sp. nov., was found in south-east Anatolia and is regarded as its geographically isolated allospecies whose speciation is supposed to be triggered by the barrier imposed by the Syrio-Arabian desert. While DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1 barcoding) gene confirmed the validity of E. crenulatum and E. afroarabicum as distinct species and their attribution to Eoanthidium, they also revealed possible ambiguities in the subgeneric classification of Eoanthidium and the generic assignment of the Asian Anthidiellum (Pycnanthidium) carinatum (Wu, 1962). Of the 11 species of Eoanthidium found in the Middle East, six are endemic, two species are also affiliated with Europe, two with Asia, and one with both Europe and Asia. Only one species is found both in the Middle East and the Afrotropical realm. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3A5A799F-F211-459A-91A8-6B654152FEDE
Smart Medical Prediction for Guidance: A Mechanism Study of Machine Learning

Data analysis and prediction have gradually attracted more and more attention in the smart healthcare industry. The smart medical prediction system is of great importance to the enterprise strategy and business development, and it is also of great value to provide medical advices for patients and assist patient guidance. The research theme is the use of machine learning technologies with the application in the areas of smart medical analysis. In this paper, the actual data of the smart medical industry were statistically analysed and visualized according to the features, and the most influential feature combinations were selected for the establishment of the prediction model. Based on machine learning technology, namely, random forest, the guidance prediction model is established, and the combination of features is repeatedly adjusted to improve its accuracy. The practical significance of this paper is to provide a high-precision solution for smart medical data analysis and to realize the proposed data analysis and prediction on the cloud platform based on the Spark environment.
Novel Sagnac interferometer for characterizing the chromatic dispersion and length of installed optical fiber

An interferometric technique for the measurement of chromatic dispersion and length of long single mode fiber is demonstrated using a novel asymmetrically modulated Sagnac interferometer. The mterferometer incorporates a phase modulator and a test fiber, so that dispersion and length can be determined from the interference fringe that is available at the Outut when a sweep RF signal is applied to the modulator. This technique measures dispersion with high temporal resolution, requires no fast test equipment and is suitable for installed fibers over a wide range of lengths.
Osteoarkeologi Rangka Manusia Situs Leang Kado’4, Maros, Sulawesi Selatan

Pembahasan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah uraian osteoarkeologis terkait temuan rangka manusia situs prasejarah Leang Kado‘ 4 di kawasan karst Simbang, Maros, Sulawesi Selatan. Sebagai bagian dari kajian bioarkeologi, uraian ini meliputi penentuan jenis kelamin, usia kematian, rata-rata tinggi badan, afinitas ras, dan jumlah individu minimal yang ada di Situs Leang Kado‘ 4 sebagai bagian aktivitas penguburan. Metode penelitian menerapkan langkah kerja analisis dalam kajian bioarkeologi yang juga diterapkan dalam disiplin antropologi ragawi. Langkah kerja analisis tersebut, meliputi: identifikasi, pengukuran, komparasi, dan penghitungan estimasi jumlah individu minimal dalam sebuah himpunan data. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa sisa rangka manusia di situs Leang Kado‘ 4 memiliki kesamaan dengan dua jenis ras manusia, yaitu ras populasi Sahul-Pacific dikenal pula sebagai Australo-Papuan atau Australomelanesoid dan ras populasi Asia atau Mongoloid. Hadirnya data ini diharapkan menjadi salah satu bahan pertimbangan rekomendasi kebijakan berwawasan pembangunan karakter budaya bangsa yang mengedepankan kebhinekaan asal usul dengan data temuan rangka manusia. This research aims to provide an osteoarchaeological analysis of the human skeletons found at the prehistoric site of Leang Kado‘ 4 in Simbang karst area, Maros, South Sulawesi. As a part of bioarchaeological studies, the analysis included the determination of sex, age at death, average height, racial affinity, and the minimum number of individuals at the site as part of the burial activities. The research employed the analytical process that is commonly carried out in bioarchaeological and physical anthropological studies. The analytical process consists of identification, measurement, comparison, and estimation of the minimum number of individuals in a data set. It is concluded that the human skeletal remains at Leang Kado‘ 4 site share several similarities with two human races, i.e. Sahul-Pacific race also known as Australo-Papuan or Australomelanesoid and Asian or Mongoloid race. It is expected that all this data can be used as a base for developing policies oriented to the development of the national character and culture by emphisizing the diversity of the people’s origins, which is supported by data on human skeletal remains.
Torsional Vibration Control of a Hooke’s Joint Driven Flexible Shaft System

Torsional vibration control of a rotating mechanical system which incorporates a Hooke’s joint is investigated by pole assignment techniques. Linearized analytical models for the torsional system are established for the purposes of controller design. The resulting two-degree-of-freedom rotational system which contains time varying coefficients is parametrically excited due to an inherent non-linear velocity ratio across the Hooke’s joint. The controller is designed via full state feedback and observer based feedback in the transformed domain, using Lyapunov transformation. This transformation reduces the original time-varying system to a form suitable for controller design. A dual-system approach is employed to calculate the observer gain matrix for the time-varying system. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed control method is effective for suppressing torsional vibration of a Hooke’s joint driven system.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
‘A Couple of These Videos Is All You Really Needed to Get Pumped to Skate’: Subcultural Media, Nostalgia and Re-Viewing 1990s Skate Media on YouTube

The reappearance of VHS skateboarding movies produced during the 1990s on YouTube presents a timely opportunity to examine how the subcultural identities of former skateboarders are reassessed in later life. Drawing on subcultural studies and theories of mediated memory, this article analyses comments made by viewers of YouTube re-postings of 411 Video Magazine, an era-defining skateboard movie series of the 1990s. The analysis suggests that re-viewing content of once cherished VHS tapes affords former skaters a nostalgic moment of reconnection with their youth involving a combination of three forms of nostalgia: subcultural nostalgia, biographical nostalgia, and format nostalgia. For many viewers, re-viewing skate videos retrospectively recognizes the formative role skateboarding played in shaping their identity and also allows an appraisal of both the past subcultural formation and the media format through which its values were expressed and communicated.
Drought recorded by Ba/Ca in coastal benthic foraminifera

Abstract. Increasing occurrences of extreme weather events, such as the 2018 drought over northern Europe, are a concerning issue under global climate change. High resolution archives of natural hydroclimate proxies, such as rapidly accumulating sediments containing biogenic carbonates, offer the potential to investigate the frequency and mechanisms of such events in the past. Droughts alter the barium (Ba) concentration of near-continent seawater through the reduction in Ba input from terrestrial runoff, which in turn may be recorded as changes in the chemical composition (Ba/Ca) of foraminiferal calcium carbonates accumulating in sediments. However, so far the use Ba/Ca as a discharge indicator has been restricted to planktonic foraminifera, despite the high relative abundance of benthic species in coastal, shallow-water sites. Moreover, benthic foraminiferal Ba/Ca has mainly been used in open ocean records as a proxy for paleo-productivity. Here we report on a new geochemical dataset measured from living (CTG-labelled) benthic foraminiferal species to investigate the capability of benthic Ba/Ca to record changes in river runoff over a gradient of contrasting hydroclimatic conditions. Individual foraminifera (Bulimina marginata, Nonionellina labradorica) were analyzed by laser-ablation ICP-MS over a seasonal and spatial gradient within Gullmar Fjord, Swedish west coast during 2018–2019. The results are compared to an extensive meteorological and hydrological data set, as well as sediment and pore-water geochemistry. Benthic foraminiferal Ba/Ca correlates significantly to riverine runoff, however, the signals contain both spatial trends with distance to Ba-source, and species-specific influences such as micro-habitat preferences. We deduce that shallow-infaunal foraminifera are especially suitable as proxy for terrestrial Ba input and discuss the potential influence of water-column and pore-water Ba cycling. While distance to Ba-source, water depth, pore-water geochemistry, and species-specific effects need to be considered in interpreting the data, our results demonstrate confidence in the use of Ba/Ca of benthic foraminifera from near-continent records as proxy for past riverine discharge and to identify periods of drought.
Hot carrier induced degradation in mesa-isolated n-channel SOI MOSFETs operating in a Bi-MOS mode

A thorough investigation of hot carrier effects is made in mesa-isolated SOI nMOSFETs operating in the Bi-MOS mode (abbreviated as Bi-nMOSFETs). As a result of its unique hybrid operation mechanism, significant reduction of hot carrier induced maximum transconductance degradation and threshold voltage shift in the Bi-nMOSFET is observed in comparison with that in the conventional SOI nMOSFETs. Device lifetime of SOI Bi-nMOSFETs and conventional SOI nMOSFETs was roughly estimated for comparison. In view of the analysis of the degradation mechanism, the devices were stressed under different conditions. The post-stress body current and stress body current in Bi-nMOSFETs as a function of the stress time and stress drain voltage were evaluated as further proofs of the aging reasons. The hot electron injection is found to be the dominant degradation process in the SOI Bi-nMOSFETs. Compared with SOI nMOSFETs, SOI Bi-nMOSFETs show better immunity to the parasitic bipolar transistor action due to the body contact. In addition, the positive body bias can result in lowered hot hole injection into the gate oxide due to the provision of the generated hole leakage path, and thus decreased interface traps.
CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR TREATMENT OF SWINE WASTEWATER FROM AN ANAEROBIC LAGOON

Animal waste management is a national concern that demands effective and affordable methods of treatment. We investigated constructed wetlands from 1993 through 1997 at a swine production facility in North Carolina for their effectiveness in treatment of swine wastewater from an anaerobic lagoon. We used four wetland cells (3.6 U 33.5 m) with two cells connected in series. The cells were constructed by removing topsoil, sealing cell bottoms with 0.30 m of compacted clay, and covering with 0.25 m of loamy sand topsoil. One set of cells was planted with bulrushes (Scirpus americanus, Scirpus cyperinus, and Scirpus validus) and rush (Juncus effusus). The other set of cells was planted with bur–reed (Sparganium americanum)and cattails (Typha angustifolia and Typha latifolia). Wastewater flow and concentrations were measured at the inlet of the first and second cells and at the exit of the second cell for both the bulrush and cattail wetlands. Nitrogen was effectively removed at mean monthly loading rates of 3 to 40 kg N ha –1 day –1 ; removals were generally >75% when loadings were <25 kg ha –1 day –1 . In contrast, P was not consistently removed. Neither plant growth nor plant litter/soil accumulation was a major factor in N removal after the loading rates exceeded 10 kg N ha –1 day –1 . However, the soil–plant–litter matrix was important because it provided carbon and reaction sites for denitrification, the likely major treatment component. Soil Eh (oxidative/reductive potential) values were in the reduced range (<300 mV), and nitrate was generally absent from the wetlands. Furthermore, the wetlands had the capacity to remove more nitrate–N according to denitrification enzyme activity determinations. Our results show that constructed wetlands can be very effective in the removal of N from anaerobic lagoon–treated swine wastewater. However, wetlands will need to be augmented with some form of enhanced P removal to be effective in both P and N treatments at high loading rates.
Double stage harmonic and interharmonic processing technique

Measurement and analysis experiences have shown great difficulties in interharmonic detection and measurement due to their small amplitudes and their consequent vulnerability from harmonics spectral leakage. A new approach that has a general validity and results fully compatible with the IEC standard is presented. This approach is based on a double stage signal processing technique; in the first stage, the harmonic components are estimated and filtered away from the original signal, so that the second stage analysis can be performed for interharmonics estimation without harmonic tone spectral leakage. The procedure is successfully applied to both numerical and experimental tests.
Relationships between demographic and behavioural factors and spatial behaviour in missing persons’ cases

To date, limited systematic focus has been directed to examining factors that influence the spatial behaviour of missing people. Accordingly, this study examined whether demographic and behavioural factors were related to distance between missing and found locations in 16,454 archival cases of missing reports from two UK police forces. Findings from ordinal regressions showed that children were more likely to be found at further distances if they were deemed to be at high or medium risk of coming to harm but less likely to be located further away when victims of a violent attack. Adults were more likely to be found at further distances if planning behaviours were present (e.g. had taken their passport), but less likely to if they were above the age of 65 years or suffering from abuse. Findings indicate the role of age, planning and vulnerability on travel when missing. Implications for search strategies and directions for future research are considered.
Approximate Lateral Drift Demands in Multistory Buildings with Nonuniform Stiffness

An approximate method is presented to estimate the maximum lateral drift demands in multistory buildings with nonuniform lateral stiffness responding primarily in the fundamental mode when subjected to earthquake ground motions. The method is aimed at the estimation of the maximum roof displacement and of the maximum interstory drift ratio for a given response spectrum. A simplified model of the multistory building is used based on an equivalent continuum structure with nonuniform lateral stiffness distribution consisting of a combination of a flexural cantilever beam and a shear cantilever beam. The effect of the type and amount of reduction in lateral stiffness along the height of the building and of the ratio of overall flexural and shear deformations on the ratio of the spectral displacement to the roof displacement and on the ratio of the maximum interstory drift ratio to the roof drift ratio is investigated. It is shown that reductions in lateral stiffness along the height have a negligible effect o.
Obstacles Avoidance for UAV SLAM Based on Improved Artificial Potential Field

When UAV is implementing the simultaneous location and mapping (SLAM) problem, the environment where UAV is flying exist unavoidable solid or moving obstacles, which threaten the flying safety and the completeness of SLAM mission. To conquer this problem, an improved artificial potential field algorithm is proposed to simultaneously accomplish obstacle avoidance of UAV and SLAM mission based on a cost function containing the distance from UAV to the goal and from UAV to the obstacles. Concerning the built UAV plane motion model, this algorithm is simulated and tested. The result shows that the proposed algorithm is effective to avoid the obstacles for UAV SLAM.