Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magic Wavelengths for Optical-Lattice Based Cs and Rb Active Clocks

Active clocks could provide better stabilities during initial stages of measurements over passive clocks, in which stabilities become saturated only after long-term measurements. This unique feature of an active clock has led to search for suitable candidates to construct such clocks. The other challenging task of an atomic clock is to reduce its possible systematics. A major part of the optical lattice atomic clocks based on neutral atoms are reduced by trapping atoms at the magic wavelengths of the optical lattice lasers. Keeping this in mind, we find the magic wavelengths between all possible hyperfine levels of the transitions in Rb and Cs atoms that were earlier considered to be suitable for making optical active clocks. To validate the results, we give the static dipole polarizabilities of Rb and Cs atoms using the electric dipole transition amplitudes that are used to evaluate the dynamic dipole polarizabilities and compare them with the available literature values.
Increase in Population Exposure Due to Dry and Wet Extremes in India Under a Warming Climate

Dry and wet extremes affect agricultural production, infrastructure, and socioeconomic well‐being of about 1.4 billion people in India. Despite the profound implications of dry and wet extremes, their changes in the observed and projected climate in India are not well quantified. Here, using the observations from multiple sources, we show that the area affected by dry extremes during the monsoon season (June–September) and water‐year (June–May) has significantly increased (~1% per decade; p value < 0.05) over the last six decades (1951–2015) in India. On the other hand, the area affected by wet extremes does not exhibit any significant trend over the same time period. Dry and wet extremes in the monsoon season are corroborated with the positive phase and negative phase of the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean (Niño 3.4 region). Global climate models (GCMs) project an increase of more than 25–30% (±3–6%) in the combined area affected by the dry and wet extremes in India by the end of the 21st century. The frequency of both dry and wet extreme years is also projected to increase in the majority of India (>80%) under a warmer world if the global mean temperature rises above 1.5°C (or 2°C) from a preindustrial level. Moreover, the population exposed to the dry and wet extremes is likely to increase threefold under the projected 2°C warmer world. Therefore, limiting global mean temperature rise below 2°C can substantially reduce the area and population exposure due to dry and wet extremes in India.
Evaluating the antibacterial, antioxidant and wound healing properties of the stem bark extract of Khaya grandifoliola (Welw) CDC (Meliaceae) (African mahogany)

The study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing properties of the stem bark of Khaya grandifoliola (Welw) CDC (Meliaceae). A preliminary phytochemical screening conducted showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, reducing sugars, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenols in the stem bark (KG) as well as its ethanol extract (KGE). The antibacterial activity of KGE was evaluated using agar well diffusion method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In-vitro antioxidant activity of KGE was also evaluated using the total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity assays. In the wound healing activity test, topical formulations of varying concentrations of KGE (1-15% w/w) with Emulsifying Ointment BP were used in an excision wound model involving Wistar albino rats. KGE demonstrated in-vitro antibacterial activity against all test microorganisms in a dose-dependent manner. It also showed good antioxidant effects, with a strong correlation between the antioxidant capacity and phenol content (r = 0.9898); indicating that the observed effects may be due to the phenolic compounds initially detected. KGE showed significant wound healing effects as compared to the untreated group (p 0.05). In effect, the smallest dose was as effective as the highest dose. These outcomes showed that KG was effective as an antibacterial and antioxidant agent, and a wound healing promoter, justifying its reported traditional uses for infections and wound management. Key words: Wound healing activity, antibacterial agent, antioxidant effects, tannic acid, medicinal plant, African mahogany.
Bubble Dynamics in a Narrow Gap Flow under the Influence of Pressure Gradient and Shear Flow

The volume-of-flow method combined with the Rayleigh–Plesset equation is well established for the computation of cavitation, i.e., the generation and transportation of vapor bubbles inside a liquid flow resulting in cloud, sheet or streamline cavitation. There are, however, limitations, if this method is applied to a restricted flow between two adjacent walls and the bubbles’ size is of the same magnitude as that of the clearance between the walls. This work presents experimental and numerical results of the bubble generation and its transportation in a Couette-type flow under the influence of shear and a strong pressure gradient which are typical for journal bearings or hydraulic seals. Under the impact of variations of the film thickness, the VoF method produces reliable results if bubble diameters are less than half the clearance between the walls. For larger bubbles, the wall contact becomes significant and the bubbles adopt an elliptical shape forced by the shear flow and under the influence of a strong pressure gradient. Moreover, transient changes in the pressure result in transient cavitation, which is captured by high-speed imaging providing material to evaluate transient, three-dimensional computations of a two-phase flow.
Does Terrorism Hinders Foreign Investments in Turkey? An Empirical Study with ARDL Bounds Test

Turkiye’de terorizm yaklasik elli yildir inisli cikisli bir sekilde suregelmektedir. Bu surecte, 4.000’in uzerinde terorist saldiri sebebiyle binlerce kisinin yasamini yitirdigi ya da yaralandigi gorulmektedir. Ancak, bu saldirilarin gorunur olmayan iktisadi maliyetleri ve zararlari kismen de olsa goz ardi edilmektedir. Bu dogrultuda yapilan calismada, 1998 - 2018 doneminde, teror saldirilarinin, gelismekte olan bir ulke olarak, Turkiye’ye yonelik dogrudan yabanci yatirimlar uzerindeki etkileri incelenmektedir. Zaman serilerinde tek yapisal kirilmaya izin veren Zivot-Andrews Birim Kok Testi sonuclarina gore olusturulan ve tahmin edilen ARDL Sinir Testinin bulgulari, ulusal duzeyde, teror olaylariyla dogrudan yabanci yatirimlar arasinda ne kisa ne de uzun donemde istatistiksel olarak anlamli herhangi bir iliski bulunmadigi yonundedir. Bu durumun muhtemel sebeplerinden biri, Turkiye’de gozlemlenen teror olaylarinin siklik, sertlik ve cografi yogunluk derecesinin dusuk olmasinin yani sira is dunyasini ve yatirimlari hedef alma oranlarinin da dusuk olmasidir. Ancak, teror olaylarinin siklikla gozlemlendigi Turkiye’nin guneydogusunda yer alan bolgeler uzerindeki muhtemel saptirici etkileri goz ardi edilmemelidir.
High Speed Back-Bias Voltage (VBB) Generator with Improved Pumping Current

Due to the advance of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) technologies with the steadfast increase of density with aggressively scaled storage capacitors, the supply voltage has been lowered to under 1 V to reduce power consumption. The above progress has been accompanied by the increasingly difficult task of sensing cell data reliably. One of the essential methods to preserve sustainable data retention characteristic is to curtail the sub-threshold leakage current by using a negative voltage bias for the bulk of access transistors. This negative back-bias is generated by a back-bias voltage generator. This paper proposes a novel high-speed back-bias voltage (VBB) generator with a cross-coupled hybrid pumping scheme. The conventional circuit uses one fixed voltage to control the gates of discharge of the p-channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) and transfer n-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS), respectively. However, the proposed circuit adds an auxiliary pump, thereby able to control more aptly with a lower negative voltage when discharging and a higher positive voltage when transferring. As a result, the proposed circuit achieves a faster pump-down speed and higher pumping current at a lower supply voltage compared to conventional circuits. The H-simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (HSPICE) simulation results with the Taiwan semiconductor manufacturing company (TSMC) 0.18 um process technology indicates that the proposed circuit has about a 20% faster pump-down speed at a supply voltage of voltage common collector (VCC) = 1.2 V and about 3% higher pumping current at VBB from −0.6 V to −1 V with the ability to generate a near 3% higher ratio of |VBB|/VCC at VCC = 0.6 V compared to conventional circuits. Hence, the proposed circuit is extremely suitable and promising for future low-power and high-performance DRAM applications.
Controlling atorvastatin release from liquisolid systems

Abstract Liquisolid technology as a novel technique to control the release rate of drugs has attracted the attention of many researchers. This study aims to investigate parameters controlling the drug release from liquisolid formulations. Factors such as the ratio of drug: liquid vehicle, the ratio of edudragit: avicel and the concentration of coating material in the formulations were investigated. All liquisolid compacts were subjected to dissolution testing for 8 hours at 50 rpm in a 900 ml phosphate buffer and temperature of 37 °C. The results showed that adding avicel to liquisolid formulations containing eudragit, not only increased the mechanical strength of the resultant liquisolid tablets but also reduced the drug release significantly. The results showed that the type of liquid vehicle used to dissolved/dispersed the drug was capable of modulating the drug release rate through the capability of solvents to solubilize the drug in liquisolid compacts. Results also showed that a reduction in the pH of the dissolution medium decreased the release rate significantly. It was interesting to note that the volume of the dissolution medium had no significant impact on the drug release rate. FTIR results ruled out any interaction between the drug and other components of the liquisolid formulations. The DSC traces showed that the drug was in an amorphous state in liquisolid formulations. It is concluded from the current study that the type of liquid vehicle, the amount of liquid vehicle and carrier can modulate the drug release from liqusolid compacts. Graphical Abstract
Aβ promotes amyloidogenic processing of APP through a Go/Gβγ signaling

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a cognitive impairment associated to amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation and deposition in the brain. Aβ is generated by sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase complex. The mechanisms that underlie exacerbated production of Aβ, favoring its deposition in the brain, is largely unknown. In vitro studies have shown that Aβ aggregates trigger enhanced production of Aβ by a yet non described mechanism. Here, we show that in different cell types, including human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), oligomers and fibrils of Aβ enhance the convergence and interaction of APP and BACE1 in endosomal compartments. We demonstrated a key role of Aβ-APP/Go/Gβγ signaling on the amyloidogenic processing of APP. We show that APP mutants with impaired capacity to bind Aβ or to activate Go protein, are unable to exacerbate APP and BACE1 colocalization in the presence of Aβ. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of Gβγ subunits signaling with gallein, abrogate Aβ-dependent interaction of APP and BACE1 in endosomes preventing β-processing of APP. Collectively, these findings uncover a feed-forward mechanism of amyloidogenesis that might contribute to Aβ pathology in early stages of AD and suggest that gallein might have clinical relevance.
Empowering Leadership and Individual Creativity: The Mediation Role of Psychological Empowerment in Facing Covid-19 Pandemic

This study tests and analyzes the influence of empowering leadership on employee creativity which is mediated by psychological empowerment Researchers conduct survey method on state-owned bank employees (ABC Bank) in Pacitan, East Java, Indonesia Purposive sampling is selected with Likert scale as measurement The population of this study is 166 respondents, who are permanent employees of the ABC Bank The data analysis technique used is SPSS 24 The results of this study find that: (1) there is an influence of empowering leadership on psychological empowerment, (2) there is an influence of empowering leadership on individual creativity, (3) there is an influence of psychological empowerment on individual creativity, and (4) the influence of empowering leadership on individual creativity is mediated by psychological empowerment This study ignores other types of leadership Further study is needed to examine other types of leadership besides empowering leadership The level of analysis of this study is individual, so further study could examine empowering leadership conceptualized at the group level because followers will be influenced not only by the dyadic relationship with the leader, but also by the dynamics of the members of the empowered group This study provides theoretical enrichment from the aspect of empowering leadership, especially at the individual level Leaders can increase employee creativity by empowering them to do their jobs Additionally, by creating a work environment that ensures employees feel empowered psychologically
Applications of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Agricultural Operation Management: Part I: Overview

The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other UF/IFAS Extension publications, contact your county’s UF/IFAS Extension office. U.S. Department of Agriculture, UF/IFAS Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A & M University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Nick T. Place, dean for UF/IFAS Extension. Unmanned aerial systems (UASs, UAVs, or drones) have emerged as one of the most promising technologies for agricultural operation management in recent decades. Simplifications in UAS operation and development of cloud-based image processing pipelines have increased the accessibility of these technologies to a wide variety of users. From the standpoint of potential users, these developments have raised the possibility of the use of UASs for day-to-day farm management. This EDIS publication provides an overview of the broad areas where UASs can be utilized for monitoring and managing farm operations. It is the first in a series of three publications that covers: 1) an overview of the potential applications of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) for agricultural operations management in Florida (this paper), 2) an overview of UAS platforms and payloads relevant to UAS applications in agriculture, and 3) an overview of best practices for efficient UAS-based aerial surveying.
Rhymes and Relatability: How Storybook Style and Content Relate to Home-Based Educators’ Extra-Textual Talk

ABSTRACT Research Findings Home-based early childhood education and care (ECEC) is a popular form of small-group ECEC, with potential to facilitate high-quality conversations during shared book reading. To investigate how home-based early childhood educators (ECEs) take advantage of learning opportunities, educators read two storybooks with children (35.5–50.8 months old) in their ECEC. Because types of extra-textual talk used differ depending on book style, one book rhymed and its setting was local (New Zealand), so more personally relevant to the children. The other did not rhyme, and its setting was international (Africa), so less personally relevant. Home-based ECEs frequently made comments encouraging children to think beyond book content, although these varied between books. In the NZ/Rhyming book, educators talked more about print concepts and sounds, which may nourish emergent language and literacy skills, and used more talk relating the book to real experiences, potentially facilitating children’s engagement. In the African/non-rhyming book, educators used more descriptions and inferences. This variation in comprehension-related talk may support children’s cognitive and linguistic development. Practice or Policy: Home-based educators use a variety of shared reading strategies, which differed across books in ways that afford different learning opportunities. We recommend diversity in the types of books read with pre-schoolers to nurture emergent language and literacy skills.
Rural Wage-Earners’ Attitudes Towards Diverse Wildlife Groups Differ Between Tropical Ecoregions: Implications for Forest and Savanna Conservation in the Brazilian Amazon

Understanding people’s attitudes towards wildlife species is key for developing and effectively implementing conservation initiatives. Although attitudes towards different wildlife classes have been examined separately within a variety of regions, there have been no comprehensive comparisons of attitudes towards wildlife between different tropical ecoregions over large spatial scales. Here, we examined attitudes of 106 rural wage-earners from two ecoregions in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. We used generalized Linear Models (GLMs) to examine the influence of socioeconomic variables and ecoregion type on attitudes towards wildlife species, grouped into three classes (liked, disliked, and damage income). Overall we obtained attitudes regarding 57 wildlife species that were organized into 11 faunal groups (amphibians, ants, bats, birds, fishes, medium-bodied mammals, large-bodied mammals, primates, snakes, tortoises and turtles, and other invertebrates). Ecoregions where wage-earners lived was the strongest predictor of the total number of liked and disliked wildlife species. The total number of species damaging income was explained by socioeconomic variables related to the number of people living in the property and level of education. Medium and large-bodied mammals were most frequently reported both as liked and causing damage, while snakes were most frequently reported as disliked in both ecoregions. Although socioeconomic variables were important predictors to wage-earners’ attitudes towards wildlife species, the environment (ecoregion) was the strongest predictor affecting human-wildlife attitudes. Our findings contribute with information about the importance of considering differences in local attitudes across a representative spectrum of wildlife species to inform the identification of effective focal species in different tropical regions.
The Mini Blast Furnace Process: An Efficient Reactor for Green Pig Iron Production Using Charcoal and Hydrogen-Rich Gas: A Study of Cases

The mini blast furnace process is an efficient route to produce pig iron based on the burden with granulated charcoal. New, improved technologies have recently been introduced in the mini blast furnace process, such as pulverized charcoal and gas injections, new burden materials, and peripheral devices that improve the overall process efficiency. In this paper, we revise the new injection possibilities and discuss new aspects for further developments. The analysis is carried out with a comprehensive multiphase multicomponent mathematical model using mass, momentum, and energy conservation principles coupled with the rate equations for chemical reactions, multiphase momentum, and heat exchanges. We analyze new technological possibilities for the enhancement of this process as follows: (i) a base case of pulverized charcoal injection with industrial data comparison; (ii) a set of scenarios with raceway injections, combining pulverized charcoal with hydrogen-rich fuel gas, replacing granular charcoal in the burden; (iii) a set of scenarios with hydrogen-rich gas injection at the shaft level, replacing reducing gas in the granular zone of the reactor; and the possible combination of both methodologies. The simulated scenarios showed that a considerable decrease in granular charcoal consumption in the burden materials could be replaced by combining a pulverized charcoal injection of 150 kg/tHM and increasing rich gas injections and oxygen enrichment values, decreasing the specific blast injection and granular charcoal. The productivity of the mini blast furnace process was increased for all scenarios compared with the reference case. We review the aspects of these operational conditions and present an outlook for improvements on the process efficiency.
Construction of metal transfer modes maps for an ER4130 filler metal in GMAW process

espanolSe construyeron mapas de modos de transferencia de metal para proceso GMAW con ER4130 y gas protector 98%Ar-2%O2. No existen mapas de MTM para este aporte usado para alcanzar propiedades equivalentes en soldaduras de aceros AISI 4130/4140. Los mapas sirven como herramientas para establecer el MTM en funcion de la corriente y el voltaje de soldeo, lo cual ayuda cuando un ingeniero intenta calificar procedimientos de acuerdo con codigos de fabricacion. Los mapas se construyeron analizando senales de corriente y voltaje registradas durante la aplicacion de soldaduras a 5000 muestras/segundo. El valor principal de esta metodologia es la simplicidad de la instrumentacion sin camaras costosas, pero presenta baja resolucion y dificulta identificar caracteristicas mas finas de los MTMs como los subgrupos (globular repelido, aspersion rotativa), diametro de gota, transferencia explosiva, etc. Se identificaron varios MTMs a partir de las senales y se agruparon asi: MTMs naturales (cortocircuito, globular y aspersion); y modos intercambiables (Cortocircuito-Globular, Globular-Aspersion y Cortocircuito-Globular-Aspersion). EnglishMetal transfer modes (MTMs) maps were constructed for GMAW process using ER4130 and 98%Ar-2%O2 shielding gas. There is no available MTMs maps for this filler metal which is used to obtain matching strength in welds of AISI 4130/4140 steels. These maps serve as tools to establish the MTM given a welding current and voltage, which is useful when an engineer is trying to qualify welding procedures according to construction codes. The maps were built analyzing current and voltage signals recorded at 5000 samples/second during bead-on-plate welds. The main advantage of this methodology is its simplicity of instrumentation without expensive cameras, but has low resolution and it is difficult to identify finer characteristics of MTMs, such as subgroups (repelled globular, streaming, rotational spray), drop diameter, explosive transfer, etc. Several MTMs were identified in the signal analysis and grouped into natural MTMs (short circuit, globular and spray) and interchangeable modes (short-circuit-globular, globular-spray and short-circuit-globular-spray).