Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dimensionless Approach for the Design of Flushing Gates in Sewer Channels

The various hydraulic and environmental problems related to the accumulation of solids have recently drawn increasingly attention to deposits in the management of sewer systems. Among the mechanical and hydraulic devices used for deposit removal, hydraulic flushing gates have proved to be a cost-effective solution and have been adopted in several sewer networks. This paper reports the results of an investigation on the scouring performance of flushing waves produced by hydraulic flushing gates. A numerical model based on the De Saint Venant — Exner equations in dimensionless form was validated by using data derived from laboratory experiments and was then utilized in this investigation. Simulations were carried out considering various values of the dimensionless parameters involved in the analysis, in order to obtain indications for the design and positioning of flushing devices in sewer channels. The problem of optimal flushing frequency was also investigated.
“Winning the women’s world cup”: gender, branding, and the Australia/New Zealand As One 2023 social media strategy for the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™

Abstract In this article we critically explore the social media strategy of the successful Australia-New Zealand ‘As One’ joint bid for the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™. We explore how the As One bid harnessed Twitter to communicate a hosting vision that appealed to multiple audiences while strategically, and successfully, resonating with contemporary FIFA politics. We adopt quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods to develop the constructed presence and narrative patterns from the As One bid’s Twitter activity. Our findings suggest content relied on two primary ‘legacy’ narratives which both conformed to current FIFA strategy and broader social and regional politics: growing football participation among women and girls and strengthening cultural, economic, and political relations in the Asia-Pacific. Ultimately, we argue the use of Twitter was strategic and targeted, deliberately appropriating popular FIFA narratives to build an emotive ‘legacy’ vision to gain support from voting members of the FIFA Council.
A cyclone-centered perspective on the drivers of asymmetric patterns in the atmosphere and sea ice during Arctic cyclones

Arctic cyclones are an extremely common, year-round phenomenon, with substantial influence on sea ice. However, few studies address the heterogeneity in the spatial patterns in the atmosphere and sea ice during Arctic cyclones. We investigate these spatial patterns by compositing on cyclones from 1985-2016 using a novel, cyclone-centered approach that reveals conditions as functions of bearing and distance from cyclone centers. An axisymmetric, cold core model for the structure of Arctic cyclones has previously been proposed, however, we show that the structure of Arctic cyclones is comparable to those in the mid-latitudes, with cyclonic surface winds, a warm, moist sector to the east of cyclones and a cold, dry sector to the west. There is no consensus on the impact of Arctic cyclones on sea ice, as some studies have shown that Arctic cyclones lead to sea ice growth and others to sea ice loss. Instead, we find that sea ice decreases to the east of Arctic cyclones and increases to the west, with the greatest changes occurring in the marginal ice zone. Using a sea ice model forced with prescribed atmospheric reanalysis, we reveal the relative importance of the dynamic and thermodynamic forcing of Arctic cyclones on sea ice. The dynamic and thermodynamic responses of sea ice concentration to cyclones are comparable in magnitude, however dynamic processes dominate the response of sea ice thickness and are the primary driver of the east-west difference in the sea ice response to cyclones.
A saturating lumped parameter model for an interior PM synchronous machine

This paper presents a lumped parameter magnetic model for an interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machine. The model accounts for the effects of saturation through a nonlinear reluctance element network used to estimate the q-axis inductance. The magnetic model is used to calculate inductance and torque in the presence of saturation. Furthermore these calculations are compared to those from finite element analysis with good agreement.
Considering context in information systems research: Understanding the conditions of developing country scholarship

Research on information systems (IS) in developing countries focuses on understudied contexts that recent scholars believe have the potential to provide new knowledge. However, the extant discussion on this endeavor rarely considers IS scholars inside the developing countries who could be the ideal discoverers of such context‐specific knowledge. In this study, we review the facilitating conditions of the discovery of new theories to examine IS research in the case of Indonesia. We then interview experienced Indonesian IS scholars to develop a richer understanding of the IS scholarship's conditions. We found that while considering and theorizing context have been interests by a small group, the extant efforts are intertwined by the lack of exposure to myriad research epistemology/methodology, the infancy state of IS as a discipline, and the tendency to address convenient rather than crucial research questions, all of which are manifested in a complex institutional environment. We then provide important pathways and future agendas to strengthen and advance IS scholarship in developing countries.
Władysław Szafer as a palaeobotanist

Władysław Szafer (1886–1970) was one of the notable Polish botanists of the first half of the 20th c. , palaeobotany being one of his main fields of interest, cultivated for over 60 years. Initially, he studied Quaternary floras and later on he expanded his interests to the Tertiary (Neogene) floras at the end of the 1930s. He published at least 80 different books and papers on palaeobotany, many of which still having scientific, not only historical, value. His organizational, teaching and editing activities in the field of palaeobotany were also remarkable, and influenced strongly the science in Poland. He contributed to the fast development of this field of knowledge in Poland, both in terms of research and in terms of staff number. 50 years after his death, we summarize the results of Władysław Szafer’s activity in palaeobotany.
Sensor fusion for improved indoor navigation

A reliable indoor positioning system providing high accuracy has the potential to increase the safety of first responders and military personnel significantly. To enable navigation in a broad range of environments and obtain more accurate and robust positioning results, we propose a multi-sensor fusion approach. We describe and evaluate a positioning system, based on sensor fusion between a foot-mounted inertial measurement unit (IMU) and a camera-based system for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). The complete system provides accurate navigation in many relevant environments without depending on preinstalled infrastructure. The camera-based system uses both inertial measurements and visual data, thereby enabling navigation also in environments and scenarios where one of the sensors provides unreliable data during a few seconds. When sufficient light is available, the camera-based system generally provides good performance. The foot-mounted system provides accurate positioning when distinct steps can be detected, e.g., during walking and running, even in dark or smoke-filled environments. By combining the two systems, the integrated positioning system can be expected to enable accurate navigation in almost all kinds of environments and scenarios. In this paper we present results from initial tests, which show that the proposed sensor fusion improves the navigation solution considerably in scenarios where either the foot-mounted or camera-based system is unable to navigate on its own.
Supporting preservice teachers to become informed teachers of reading through one-to-one tutoring in an English initial teacher education setting

ABSTRACT Training preservice teachers as teachers of reading is a complex task, as is reading itself. Preservice teachers need to understand the theory that underpins practice; the cognitive skills and knowledge required to read and the contextual factors that impact beginner readers. This longitudinal, mixed-methods study evaluates the benefits for preservice teachers and for the children they tutor, of a collaborative approach between an English university, its city’s schools and Local Education Authority. Preservice teachers (n = 362) were trained in and then implemented the Boosting Reading at Primary intervention. The children’s (n = 724) pre- and post-intervention reading age data was analysed along with qualitative and quantitative data from a case study of one cohort of preservice teachers (n = 87). The study demonstrates the reading progress made by children in the project and the increased knowledge, skills, pedagogic practices and self-efficacy of the preservice teachers.
The Common Misconceptions about Sign Language

This paper entitled ‘The Common Misconceptions about Sign Language’ is concerned with the most common misconceptions about sign language. It also deals with sign language and its relation with the spoken language. Sign language, primarily used by deaf people, is a fully-developed human language that does not use sounds for communication, but it is a visual-gestural system that uses hands, body and facial gestures. One of the misconceptions is that all sign languages are the same in the worldwide. Such assumptions cause problems. Accordingly, some questions have been raised: first, is sign language universal? Second, is sign language based on spoken language? And third, is sign language invented by hearing people? The aim of the paper is to have a deeper understanding about sign language. It also demonstrates the similarities and differences between the two different modalities: sign language and spoken language. The paper is based on some hypothesis. One of the hypotheses is that sign languages are pantomimes and gestures. It also hypothesizes that the process of language acquisition in sign language for deaf people is different from the language acquisition in spoken language for hearing people. To answer the questions raised, the qualitative approach is adopted. The procedure is to collect data about the subject from books and articles and then analyze the data to obtain the aim of the study. One of the conclusions is that sign language is not universal. It is recommended that more work can be carried out on the differences between either American Sign Language (ASL) or British Sign Language (BSL) with reference to zmânî âmâžaî kurdî (ZAK) Kurdish Sign Language) at all linguistic levels.
Artificial neural network-polar coordinated fuzzy controller based maximum power point tracking control under partially shaded conditions

The one of main causes of reducing energy yield of photovoltaic systems is partially shaded conditions. Although the conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control algorithms operate well under uniform insolation, they do not operate well in non-uniform insolation. The non-uniform conditions cause multiple local maximum power points on the power-voltage curve. The conventional MPPT methods cannot distinguish between the global and local peaks. Since the global maximum power point (MPP) may change within a large voltage window and also its position depends on shading patterns, it is very difficult to recognise the global operating point under partially shaded conditions. In this paper, a novel MPPT system is proposed for partially shaded PV array using artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic with polar information controller. The ANN with three layer feed-forward is trained once for several partially shaded conditions to determine the global MPP voltage. The fuzzy logic with polar information controller uses the global MPP voltage as a reference voltage to generate the required control signal for the power converter. Another objective of this study is to determine the estimated maximum power and energy generation of PV system through the same ANN structure. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated under the experimental real-time simulation technique based dSPACE real-time interface system for different interconnected PV arrays such as series-parallel, bridge link and total cross tied configurations.
Interaction of electromagnetic fields from cloud and ground lightning flashes with an artificial low-voltage power installation

In most of the studies dealing with electromagnetic field interaction between nearby lightning flashes and electrical installations, the cloud flashes are assumed to play an insignificant role. However, our studies show that cloud flashes can generate induced voltages with amplitudes comparable to those of ground flashes when the electrical installation has a limited size or length and the lightning flash is a few tens of kilometers away. Furthermore, the voltages generated by cloud flashes have much shorter risetimes and pulse widths than those of ground flashes. This paper presents the results of a study conducted to investigate the coupling mechanism between lightning electromagnetic fields from both cloud and ground flashes and an artificial low-voltage power installation (LVPI). In the experiment, a Y-shaped artificial LVPI was constructed and exposed to lightning-electromagnetic fields. In the experiment, both the vertical electric field and the induced voltage in the LVPI were measured simultaneously. The analysis was conducted in the time domain by using the Alternative Transient Program-Electromagnetic Transient Program (ATP-EMTP) and the horizontal electric field at the installation was calculated by applying the concept of wavetilt to the measured vertical electric field. A reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated induced voltages was found. However, the results given in this study might not be true for longer structures such as power distribution lines and close lightning flashes.
Uso de mesa vertical como parâmetro para regulagens de turboatomizadores

O consumo excessivo de agrotoxicos na agricultura brasileira e preocupante, e um dos fatores que contribuem para este excesso e o uso incorreto dos equipamentos de aplicacao, causando grandes problemas de contaminacao ambiental. O sucesso de uma aplicacao agricola somente e efetivado quando se consegue atingir o alvo com a menor contaminacao ambiental possivel. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o perfil da distribuicao vertical de um turboatomizador com e sem fluxo de ar e o numero de bicos utilizados nos ramais, utilizando-se de uma mesa vertical como parâmetro de avaliacao. O conjunto utilizado foi um trator marca VALTRA, modelo BM-120 4x2 TODA, e um turboatomizador da marca Jacto, modelo ARBUS 400 GOLDEN, com pontas do tipo J5-2, pressao de 1378 kPa e velocidade do ar de 35 m s-1. O numero de bicos nao influenciou no perfil de distribuicao volumetrico. O fluxo de ar influenciou no perfil de distribuicao volumetrico tanto para o lado direito quanto para o lado esquerdo. Os maiores volumes ocorreram abaixo de 1,16 cm com o turboatomizador utilizando ou nao o fluxo de ar, com 12 ou 6 pontas.
Competitive Strategies for the 21st Century: Theory, History and Practice

Strategic competition amongst dominant and rising powers has remained an unremitting cycle given the ever-changing contours of international relations. This in turn has invited animated analytical discourse amongst the theorists, scholars and practising professionals. Strategic competition has various attached dimensions, namely, political, diplomatic, economic and military. This volume, a compilation of essays by various authors, addresses the military strategic dimension of Sino-American relationship in an era of uncertainty and constraints that the United States currently faces. The book has been divided into four sections. The first section addresses the theoretical and conceptual framework of devising competitive strategies. The second part deals with practical aspects of military strategic competition as was crafted and implemented against the Soviet Union during the latter part of the Cold War. The third section is devoted to the emerging contours of Sino-American military rivalry and the present and future trajectory of Chinese responses. The last section examines
Impact of a Post-OTDM-Demultiplexing Optical Filter on Dense OOK OTDM-WDM Transmission

The impact of a post-OTDM-demultiplexing optical filter on the performance of dense on-off keying (OOK) optical time division multiplexing (OTDM)—wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems was studied. For return-to-zero (RZ) modulation, it was found that the additional filter working in a double-tier filter configuration did not offer any significant improvements to performance when the signal pulse width is optimized. Improvements generally increase only when the signal pulse width deviates from its optimal value and only for low spectral densities. For ideal non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation, however, significant improvements of around 1 dB are obtained using the double-tier configuration over a large range of spectral densities.
The modeling of hemispherical resonator gyro and its space applications

The hemispherical resonator gyroscope (HRG) is a new vibration gyro, which first appeared in the 1960s. It has a feature of high accuracy, long life span, no wear-out and great reliability. With its excellent performances, the HRG can be used for spacecraft and satellite stabilization, precision pointing, aircraft navigation, strategic accuracy systems, oil borehole exploration and planetary exploration. Compared with traditional mechanical gyro and optical gyro, HRG has no rotators or movement parts. The resonator of HRG is made from quartz with low damping and stable temperature. The resonator Q factor exceeds 5,000,000 and it is placed under vacuum cap with residual pressure about 1×10−6 atm. The principium of HRG sensing the rotation relies on a transverse stress wave in the solid resonator. The stable material character of resonator and simple structure make the gyro high reliability, long lifetime, anti-radiation, anti-shock and high accuracy. Two working modes of the HRG which is the whole angle mode and force to rebalance mode are respectively analyzed, besides, the control loops applied in the gyro are illuminated in the paper. The basic kinetic model of the HRG is investigated in the paper, from which the principle and exhibition of the error existing in the device could be obtained clearly. At last, the HRG space applications are displayed and the result of the 100% mission success has demonstrated it is the best candidate for critical and high value missions.
Productivity and Efficiency of Precision Farming: The Case of Czech Cereal Production

The paper deals with the sources of competitiveness of Czech cereal production by considering precision farming technology and employing micro-level data collected in the FADN database for the period 2005–2018. The analysis is based on the stochastic frontier modelling of an input distance function in the specification of the four-component model, which currently represents the most advanced approach to technical efficiency analysis. To provide a robust estimate of the model, the paper employs methods which control for the potential endogeneity of netputs in the four-step estimation procedure. Furthermore, the total factor productivity change is calculated using the Törnqvist-Theil index. The results reveal that Czech cereal producers took great advantage of their production possibilities and experienced technological progress, which contributed considerably to productivity dynamics and consequently to an increase in their competitiveness. Precision farming, which is associated with a large number of innovations reflected in technological change and optimal resource use, contributed to higher technical efficiency connected with cost savings in Czech cereal production.
A parallel resonant constant current power supply

In the past, resonant converters have generally been analyzed and characterized for constant output voltage power supplies. When applied to power supplies, in which output current is regulated, the topological requirements of a resonant converter differ. This means, a resonant converter topology not suitable for constant voltage power sup-plies may become attractive for constant current power supplies. This fact is illustrated here. The operation of a parallel resonant converter (PRC) as a constant current power supply is presented. A PRC operating at resonant frequency gives constant output current. If designed properly, the output current can become nearly independent of load over a wide range of switching frequency. Repeated simulations and laboratory experiments on prototype converter verify the analysis.
Asymmetric Microscopic Driving Behavior Theory

Numerous theories on traffic have been developed as traffic congestion gains more and more interest in our daily life. To model traffic phenomena, many traffic theorists have adopted theories from other fields such as fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. However, their efforts to model the traffic at a microscopic level have not been successful yet. Therefore, to overcome the limitations of the existing theories we propose a microscopic asymmetric traffic theory based on analysis of individual vehicle trajectories. According to the proposed theory, vehicle traffic is classified into 5 phases: free flow, acceleration, deceleration, coasting, and stationary. The proposed theory suggests that traffic equilibrium exists as 2-dimensional area bounded by A-curve and D-curve, and explains phase transitions. The basic theory was extended to address driver behavior such as vehicle maneuvering error and anticipation. The proposed theory was applied to explain several traffic phenomena in congested traffic such as traffic hysteresis, capacity drop, stability, relaxation after lane change, and stop-and-go waves. We provided reasonable and intuitive explanations on these phenomena which cannot be easily understood with existing theories.
Design analysis of solder joint reliability for stacked die mixed flip-chip and wirebond BGA

Stacked die BGA has recently gained popularity in telecommunication applications. However, its board level solder joint reliability during the thermal cycling test is not as well-studied as common single die BGA. In this paper, solder joint fatigue of lead-free stacked die BGA with mixed flip-chip (FC) and wirebond (WB) interconnect is analyzed in detail. 3D fatigue model is established for stacked die BGA with considerations of detailed pad design, realistic shape of solder ball, and non-linear material properties. The fatigue model applied is based on a modified Darveaux's approach with non-linear viscoplastic analysis of solder joints. The critical solder ball is observed located between the top and bottom dice corner, and failure interface is along the top solder/pad interface. The modeling predicted fatigue life is first correlated to the thermal cycling test results using modified correlation constants, curve-fitted from in-house lead-free TFBGA46 (thin-profile fine-pitch BGA) thermal cycling test data. Subsequently, design analyses are performed to study the effects of 20 key design variations in package dimensions, material properties, and thermal cycling test conditions. In general, thinner PCB and mold compound, thicker substrate, larger top or bottom dice sizes, thicker top die, higher solder ball standoff, larger solder mask opening, smaller PCB pad size, smaller thermal cycling temperature range, longer ramp time, and shorter dwell time contribute to longer fatigue life. SnAgCu is a common lead-free solder, and it has much better board level reliability performance than eutectic solder.