Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on Indonesia’s Exports to the USA: An Application of ARDL Bounds Testing Procedure

This paper investigates the long-run and short-run impacts of exchange rate volatility on Indonesia’s exports of priority commodities to the United States of America over the monthly period 1997-2005. Estimates of cointegration relations are obtained using ARDL bounds testing procedure. Estimates of the short-run dynamics are obtained using an error-correction model. The results show significant positive and negative coefficients among the range of commodities. However, in the long-run, majority of commodities tend to support the traditional view that higher exchange rate of volatility leads to higher cost and to less foreign trade. The net effect of exchange rate uncertainty on production and exports depends on the degree of relative risk aversion of the exporter of various commodities. This ultimately influences the reallocation of resources by participants.
Disentangled Representation Learning for Stylistic Variation in Neural Language Models

The neural network has proven to be an effective machine learning method over the past decade, prompting its usage for modelling language, among several other domains. However, the latent representations learned by these neural network function approximators remain uninterpretable, resulting in a new wave of research efforts to improve their explainability, without compromising on their predictive power. In this work, we tackle the problem of disentangling the latent style and content variables in a language modelling context. This involves splitting the latent representations of documents, by learning which features of a document are discriminative of its style and content, and encoding these features separately using neural network models. To achieve this, we propose a simple, yet effective approach, which incorporates auxiliary objectives: a multi-task classification objective, and dual adversarial objectives for label prediction and bag-of-words prediction, respectively. We show, both qualitatively and quantitatively, that the style and content are indeed disentangled in the latent space, using this approach. We apply this disentangled latent representation learning method to attribute (e.g. style) transfer in natural language generation. We achieve similar content preservation scores compared to previous state-of-the-art approaches, and considerably better styletransfer strength scores. Our code is made publicly available for experiment replicability and extensibility.
Rock magnetic study of basalt at Lonar impact crater in India:Effect of stress waves on rock magnetic properties

Magnetic anomaly data provide valuable information on size and morphology of buried impact craters. An understanding of how stress waves change magnetic properties of rock is critical for correct interpretation of magnetic data. Although previous studies demonstrated effects of strong shock on magnetic properties of rocks beneath impact craters, effects of relatively weak shock for those of rocks in crater wall have been poorly studied. In this context, we investigated shock effects on magnetic properties through studies of experimentally impacted basaltic andesite, and basalt from natural impact crater (Lonar crater). An initial peak pressure of 5 GPa was generated in a block of basaltic andesite containing Ti-rich titanomagnetite with the impact of a cylindrical projectile. Effects of decaying stress waves on magnetic properties were subsequently quantified. Natural remanent magnetization (NRM) was partially but significantly demagnetized at peak pressures higher than 1 GPa. Highcoercivity part of NRM, even higher than 80 mT, was partially demagnetized. At higher pressure (3-5 GPa), low-field magnetic susceptibility was significantly reduced and coercivity was increased, probably due to increased internal stress. Different patterns of change in anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) were observed at different distance from the impacted surface. In highpressure range (>3 GPa), the anisotropy degree was increased, the minimum susceptibility was oriented toward the shock direction, and the average susceptibility was decreased. This feature is consistent with the result of a previous shock experiment. The initial orientations of AMS were however significantly changed at around 0.4-3 GPa; The maximum susceptibility was induced parallel to the shock direction, and superposed on the initial AMS. This kind of changes in the AMS parameters has been never reported. Basalt samples were collected from flows in the crater wall, ejecta clasts, and flow outside the rim of Lonar crater. Irreversible thermomagnetic curves
Snake assemblage of Ilha de São Sebastião, southeastern Brazil: comparison to mainland

We provide a checklist of snake species from Ilha de Sao Sebastiao (Ilhabela), the largest coastal island in Brazil located on the northern coast of Sao Paulo state. We also compare snake diversity (including richness and relative abundance of species) of Ilhabela and the nearest mainland municipality, Sao Sebastiao. We obtained the data from the herpetological collections of the Instituto Butantan and Museu de Zoologia of Universidade de Sao Paulo, including records from 1939 to 2005. We recorded twenty snake species from Ilhabela (N = 376 individuals), and the dominant species was the viperid Bothrops jararaca with 55% of dominance. In Sao Sebastiao we recorded 27 species (N = 625), and Bothrops jararaca was also the dominant species, but with 25% of dominance. Some common species seem to be more abundant in the mainland. Even considering the different number of individuals sampled between localities, rarefactions curves and richness estimations confirm that Sao Sebastiao should present a higher number of species. The Chao 1 estimates 20 species (19 to 21 spp.) for Ilhabela, and 32 species (27 to 37 spp.) for Sao Sebastiao. One of the most distinctive aspects of the snake fauna of Ilhabela is the occurrence of four species of the genus Dipsas (D. albifrons, D. alternans, D. neivai, and D. petersi). Throughout most of the coastal Atlantic Forest of Sao Paulo state only D. petersi is recorded. This is the first assessment of diversity of snakes in Ilha de Sao Sebastiao and the municipality of Sao Sebastiao. Thus, it is a contribution to the knowledge and conservation of the herpetofauna of the region and of the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil.
Advertising Keyword Suggestion Using Relevance-Based Language Models from Wikipedia Rich Articles

When emerging technologies such as Search Engine Marketing (SEM) face tasks that require human level intelligence, it is inevitable to use the knowledge repositories to endow the machine with the breadth of knowledge available to humans. Keyword suggestion for search engine advertising is an important problem for sponsored search and SEM that requires a goldmine repository of knowledge. A recent strategy in this area is bidding on non-obvious yet relevant keywords, which are economically more viable. In this paper, we exploited a modified relevance-based language model for keyword suggestion problem using Wikipedia as our knowledge base. Huge amounts of clean information in Wikipedia allowed us to uncover important relations between concepts and suggest excessive low volume, inexpensive keywords. Also, we will show the viability of our approach by comparing its results to recent proposed systems. Compared to previous researches, our proposed approach have many advantages, namely, being language independent, being well-grounded, containing expert keywords and being more computationally efficient.
Surface mass balance and water stable isotopes derived from firn cores on three ice rises, Fimbul Ice Shelf, Antarctica

Abstract. Three shallow firn cores were retrieved in the austral summers of 2011/12 and 2013/14 on the ice rises Kupol Ciolkovskogo (KC), Kupol Moskovskij (KM), and Blaskimen Island (BI), all part of Fimbul Ice Shelf (FIS) in western Dronning Maud Land (DML), Antarctica. The cores were dated back to 1958 (KC), 1995 (KM), and 1996 (BI) by annual layer counting using high-resolution oxygen isotope (δ18O) data, and by identifying volcanic horizons using non-sea-salt sulfate (nssSO42−) data. The water stable isotope records show that the atmospheric signature of the annual snow accumulation cycle is well preserved in the firn column, especially at KM and BI. We are able to determine the annual surface mass balance (SMB), as well as the mean SMB values between identified volcanic horizons. Average SMB at the KM and BI sites (0.68 and 0.70 m w. e. yr−1) was higher than at the KC site (0.24 m w. e. yr−1), and there was greater temporal variability as well. Trends in the SMB and δ18O records from the KC core over the period of 1958–2012 agree well with other previously investigated cores in the area, thus the KC site could be considered the most representative of the climate of the region. Cores from KM and BI appear to be more affected by local meteorological conditions and surface topography. Our results suggest that the ice rises are suitable sites for the retrieval of longer firn and ice cores, but that BI has the best preserved seasonal cycles of the three records and is thus the most optimal site for high-resolution studies of temporal variability of the climate signal. Deuterium excess data suggest a possible effect of seasonal moisture transport changes on the annual isotopic signal. In agreement with previous studies, large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns most likely provide the dominant influence on water stable isotope ratios preserved at the core sites.
Review of Liquid Metal-Based Strain and Tactile Sensors

With the popularity and multi-function of intelligent electronic equipment, the wearable electronic devices present a huge market prospect. Stretchable sensor, as an important wearable electronic device, is not only required to have high sensitivity, but also to have good stretchability, robustness, and other mechanical properties. Because the room temperature liquid metal has remarkable deformation ability and good electrical conductivity, it is applied to develop several new high-powered stretchable sensors. In this paper, the current researches of liquid metal-based strain and tactile sensors are reviewed, and future directions of those sensors are proposed according to the present challenges.
The Joint Dynamics of Hedge Fund Returns,Illiquidity, and Volatility

Hedge funds are frequently blamed for increasing volatility and illiquidity in financial markets. The author investigates the validity of this hypothesis by modeling the joint dynamics of hedge fund returns and volatility as well as illiquidity in the equity and the foreign exchange (FX) market. The results show that hedge funds tend to profit from periods of low equity liquidity but react negatively to shocks in volatility and FX illiquidity, indicating a significant FX exposure for many strategies. The author finds only weak evidence that hedge funds’ speculative trading causes higher volatility in financial markets. However, the perceived detrimental effect of hedge fund activity on financial markets can be explained by exposure to (alternative) risk factors which are correlated to volatility and illiquidity. Finally, there exist cross-market dynamics and bidirectional spillovers between volatility and illiquidity in the equity and FX market. These results have important implications for performance attribution and risk management, as well as regulatory policy.
The Fate of Saharan Dust Across the Atlantic and Implications for a Central American Dust Barrier

Abstract. Saharan dust was observed over the Caribbean basin during the summer 2007 NASA Tropical Composition, Cloud, and Climate Coupling (TC 4 ) field experiment. Airborne Cloud Physics Lidar (CPL) and satellite observations from MODIS suggest a barrier to dust transport across Central America into the eastern Pacific. We use the NASA GEOS-5 atmospheric transport model with online aerosol tracers to perform simulations of the TC 4 time period in order to understand the nature of this barrier. Our simulations are driven by the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) meteorological analyses. Compared to observations from MODIS and CALIOP, GEOS-5 reproduces the observed location and magnitude of observed dust events, but our baseline simulation does not develop as strong a barrier to dust transport across Central America as observations suggest. Analysis of the dust transport dynamics and loss processes suggest that while both mechanisms play a role in defining the dust transport barrier, loss processes by wet removal of dust are about twice as important as transport. Sensitivity analyses with our model showed that the dust barrier would not exist without convective scavenging over the Caribbean. The best agreement between our model and the observations was obtained when dust wet removal was parameterized to be more aggressive, treating the dust as we do hydrophilic aerosols.
A Labeled SMC-Cbmember Filter with Adaptive Track Initiation

The initial Sequential Monte Carlo cardinality balanced multi-target multi-Bernoulli (SMC-CBMeMBer) filter assumes that the target birth intensity is known as a priori, but in fact the new target may appear anywhere in the detected area. And SMC-CBMeMBer does not extract track label information and cannot distinguish the target. Therefore, this paper proposes a labeled SMC-CBMeMBer filter with adaptive track initiation (SMC-CBMeMBer-D-L-ATI). Firstly, the filter introduces the track label information in the prediction process, and selects the measurement that may correspond to the newborn target, obtaining the initial state of the newborn target according to the converted measurement. Then, the label information in the prediction process is inherited during the update process, and the target states are updated sequentially through the converted position measurement and Doppler measurement. The simulation proves that the proposed filter can effectively perform adaptive track initiation, with good tracking performance, and can provide the target track information.
PARTIALLY LINEAR MODELS WITH UNIT ROOTS

This paper studies the asymptotic properties of a nonstationary partially linear regression model. In particular, we allow for covariates to enter the unit root (or near unit root) model in a nonparametric fashion, so that our model is an extension of the semiparametric model analyzed in Robinson (1988, Econometrica 56, 931–954). It is proved that the autoregressive parameter can be estimated at rate N even though part of the model is estimated nonparametrically. Unit root tests based on the semiparametric estimate of the autoregressive parameter have a limiting distribution that is a mixture of a standard normal and the Dickey–Fuller distribution. A Monte Carlo experiment is conducted to evaluate the performance of the tests for various linear and nonlinear specifications.We thank Bruce Hansen, Roger Koenker, Helmut Lütkepohl, Peter Phillips, three referees, and participants of the 8th World Congress of the Econometric Society and the 10th Midwest Econometrics Group Meeting for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. This investigation was supported by the University of Kansas General Research Fund allocation 2301789-003.
SEMI‐MECHANISTIC MODELLING IN NONLINEAR REGRESSION: A CASE STUDY

This paper discusses the use of highly parameterized semi‐mechanistic nonlinear models with particular reference to the PARJIB crop response model of Reid (2002) [Yield response to nutrient supply across a wide range of conditions 1. Model derivation. Field Crops Research77, 161–171]. Compared to empirical linear approaches, such models promise improved generality of application but present considerable challenges for estimation. Some success has been achieved with a fitting approach that uses a Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm starting from initial values determined by a genetic algorithm. Attention must be paid, however, to correlations between parameter estimates and an approach is described to identify these based on large simulated datasets. This work illustrates the value for the scientist in exploring the correlation structure in mechanistic or semi‐mechanistic models. Such information might be used to reappraise the structure of the model itself, especially if the experimental evidence is not strong enough to allow estimation of a parameter free of assumptions about the values of others. Thus statistical modelling and analysis can complement mechanistic studies, making more explicit what is known and what is not known about the processes being modelled and guiding further research.
First Satellite to a B-type Asteroid, (702) Alauda: Dynamical Mass and Density

Observations with the adaptive optics system on the Very Large Telescope reveal that the outer main belt asteroid (702) Alauda has a small satellite with primary to secondary diameter ratio of 56. The secondary revolves around the primary in 4.9143 ± 0.007 days at a distance of 1227 ± 24 km, yielding a total system mass of (6.057 ± 0.36) ◊ 1018 kg. Combined with an IRAS size measurement, our data yield a bulk density of 1570 ± 500 kg m-3 for this B-type asteroid. Because B-type asteroids may represent relatively primitive material with similarities to carbonaceous meteorites [1, 7, 9], their characterization can further our understanding of the primordial building blocks of planets. Full results are published in the Astrophysical Journal, Vol 727, p. 69.
Feedlot Performance of Sudan Baggara Zebu Bulls Finished on Urea-Treated Sugar-cane Bagasse

This study investigated the performance of Sudan Baggara bulls finished on sugar-cane bagasse ensiled with urea for 3 weeks. They treated sugar-cane baasse used in fattening diets a t three levels (10%, 20% and 30%). The control diet contained 0% treated bagasse. All diets were adjusted to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Thirty six Baggara bulls of a live weight that ranged from 165 to 185 kg were divided into four groups of equal live weight and number. The experimental diets were randomly distributed among the four bull groups, and the feeding was extended for 70 days. During the feeding period feedlot performance were studied. There were no significant (P>0.05) difference between treatments in average daily gain, final body weight and total body weight gain, but these growth parameters were superior in the treated groups than in the control. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio were improved significantly (P<0.05) in the diets that contained treated sugarcane bagasse in comparison with the control diet.
Horatia Bourguignat, 1887: is this genus really phylogenetically very close to Radomaniola Szarowska, 2006 (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea)?

Horatia Bourguignat, 1887 was the first genus established for hydrobiid snails with valvatoid shell, and numerous valvatoid-shelled hydrobioids were classified as Horatia. The genus was the type one for some tribe/family-rank taxa. Thus it is one of the “crucial” hydrobiid genera. Horatia seems to inhabit only Croatia and Macedonia, and its type species: H. klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887, inhabits the springs in the Cetina River Valley. In the present paper the shell, operculum, soft part pigmentation, protoconch SEM microsculpture, female reproductive organs, and penis of H. klecakiana from the spring Studenci, N of Kucice, in the valley of the Cetina River, Croatia, are described, to confirm the identity of the studied specimens with this species. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences are used to infer phylogenetic relationships of Horatia, especially with Radomaniola and the sequence of Horatia from GenBank. The results suggest close relationships of the genus with Sadleriana, not with Radomaniola. key wordS: Truncatelloidea, COI, 18S rRNA, protoconch, anatomy, molecular phylogeny
Does Technological Linkage in Contract Farming Increase Farm Productivity and Efficiency? The Case of Hybrid Paddy Seed Cultivation in Undivided Andhra Pradesh§

Increasing interest for knowing whether technological and input linkages in contract farming increase the farm productivity and efficiency, this paper provides an empirical evidence by undertaking a case study of hybrid paddy seed cultivation through contract farming in undivided Andhra Pradesh. Heckman sample selection model has been used to estimate the productivity differences between contract and non-contract farmers and stochastic production frontier has been used to measure the technical efficiency. The results have indicated that contract farmers could achieve higher productivity and more efficiency by growing contract crop compared to non-contract crop. However, non-contract farmers could achieve higher productivity and more efficiency in growing non-contract crop compared to contract farmers. The results have pointed out many avenues for future research; these include the autonomy of farmer in contract farming, technology spill-over effect, and impact of modern technology in contract farming on farmer's traditional knowledge and local environment.
Hastening, delaying, or averting sudden death of quantum entanglement

The finite time end of entanglement between two decohering qubits can be modified by local, unitary actions performed during the decoherence process. Depending on the time when such action is taken, the end can be speeded up or slowed down, or even averted all together. This phenomenon offers practical applications for the stabilization of entangled quantum states. Details concerning hastening or delaying the finite-time end of entanglement are presented for two qubits which decay spontaneously into statistically independent reservoirs.
Edge Detection Algorithms VS-active Contour for Sketch Matching: Comparative Study

Sketch based image retrieval method is still a new filed under development process in the research area. The main idea of image retrieval by sketch is to detect or bound the object in images which stored in the database and match it with a query which inserted as a sketch. This study displays the edge detection algorithms like (Sobel, Canny) and compare the results with contour active (Snakes) boundary methods. The results of those methods prepared to match with the query sketch. The experimental results show that Snakes algorithms registered as the best in matching process which fabricate a differentiated boundary detection of image objects. For more validity of this method used, the annotation of each matched image has been checked and approved that the contour (Snakes) boundary method is more precise in image retrieval.