Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Discriminant Analysis in the Evaluation of Cancers Diseases in Iraq

Cancer diseases are considered one of the most critical problems facing the world's countries, especially the State of Iraq. Many local and international reports indicated that the weapons used in wars and the accompanying nuclear and chemical radiation are among the most prominent reasons for the spread of cancerous diseases in Iraq. This study found that Gender has the highest discriminating power, whereas the Grade variable has the least discriminatory power. Similarly, Behavior has the highest discriminatory power, whereas the Government has the least biased power. It became clear that the third group (those with breast cancer) had the highest probability of the correct classification. The probability of correct classification reached 92%, followed by the second group with brain cancer, where the probability of correct classification was 64%. Finally, the first group with bladder cancer had the lowest probability of correct classification. We conclude that increasing the sample size has a significant impact on the correct classification of observations. The effects of these weapons were tremendously harmful to public health and the environment. Its effect persisted after many years, so three groups of cancer patients (bladder, brain, and breast cancer) were analyzed from 2012 to 2017 using a statistical method to analyze multivariate data. The results showed gender and the nature of the tumor (Behavior) have the highest discriminating power. The results were entirely satisfactory, as the discriminatory predictive capacity obtained a level of success of 72.2%.
The Beneficial Mechanical and Biological Outcomes of Thin Copper-Gallium Doped Silica-Rich Bio-Active Glass Implant-Type Coatings

Silica-based bioactive glasses (SBG) hold great promise as bio-functional coatings of metallic endo-osseous implants, due to their osteoproductive potential, and, in the case of designed formulations, suitable mechanical properties and antibacterial efficacy. In the framework of this study, the FastOs®BG alkali-free SBG system (mol%: SiO2—38.49, CaO—36.07, P2O5—5.61, MgO—19.24, CaF2—0.59), with CuO (2 mol%) and Ga2O3 (3 mol%) antimicrobial agents, partially substituting in the parent system CaO and MgO, respectively, was used as source material for the fabrication of intentionally silica-enriched implant-type thin coatings (~600 nm) onto titanium (Ti) substrates by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics, as well as the in vitro preliminary cytocompatibility and antibacterial performance of an alkali-free silica-rich bio-active glass coating designs was further explored. The films were smooth (RRMS < 1 nm) and hydrophilic (water contact angle of ~65°). The SBG coatings deposited from alkali-free copper-gallium co-doped FastOs®BG-derived exhibited improved wear performance, with the coatings eliciting a bonding strength value of ~53 MPa, Lc3 critical load value of ~4.9 N, hardness of ~6.1 GPa and an elastic modulus of ~127 GPa. The Cu and Ga co-doped SBG layers had excellent cytocompatibility, while reducing after 24 h the Staphylococcus aureus bacterial development with 4 orders of magnitude with respect to the control situations (i.e., nutritive broth and Ti substrate). Thereby, such SBG constructs could pave the road towards high-performance bio-functional coatings with excellent mechanical properties and enhanced biological features (e.g., by coupling cytocompatibility with antimicrobial properties), which are in great demand nowadays.
Semiautomatic generation and assessment of Java exercises in engineering education

Continuous assessment is essential in education. It should be an integral part of education that provides immediate feedback to students. Unfortunately, the assessment of programming source code is still a hand‐operated and error‐prone task, and can take weeks before the student gets feedback. This study presents a semiautomatic code assessment method able to automatically apply black‐box assessment (which relies on the comparison of input‐output pairs) and white‐box assessment (which relies on checking different source code properties). The method proposed is a general‐purpose assessment system that was originally designated to be used in engineering education, but that can be used in other educational contexts to assist the assessment of any Java programming assignments or exams. The main advantage of this system is that the assessment made is quicker, exhaustive, and objective; and it does not produce false positives. After the application of this method over two years in several real university courses, we have released a public and free implementation. An empirical evaluation of this system estimates that the amount of assessment work automatically done by the tool is over 48%. Additionally, the system has been used to measure the average subjective influence (i.e., assessment errors) introduced by teachers when they assess exams manually.
EXCHANGE RESONANCES IN GADOLINIUM IRON GARNET NEAR THE MAGNETIC COMPENSATION TEMPERATURE

The theory of ferrimagnetic resonance in a system of two sublattices is reviewed with emphasis upon the behavior near the compensation point. Experimental studies have been made on the gadolinium‐iron garnet system in a temperature region of about 30°C which included the compensation point. The “normal” and “exchange” modes were observed and their field dependence upon temperature above and below compensation was found to be in good agreement with that predicted. From the data near compensation it was possible to derive values for the effective field acting on the gadolinium sublattice at compensation, for the difference in gyromagnetic ratios of the iron and gadolinium sublattices, and for the sum of the anisotropy fields on the latter. Microwave evidence is presented for the existence of antiferromagnetic domains at the compensation temperature.
The Eucalyptus Firewood: Understanding Consumers’ Behaviour and Motivations

Italy is one of the world’s major importers of firewood, despite the large amount of Italian eucalyptus plantations that could satisfy part of the country’s internal demand. The demand is critical for farmers to understand developing market dynamics and people’s willingness to buy a product is related to several parameters, including different supply methods. This study aimed to analyse the willingness to consume domestic eucalyptus firewood, and the related motivations of consumers considering the preferred supply method. Data was collected through a web-survey and analysed applying a multilevel regression. In general, the sample showed that attention is paid to both the type of wood and its origin, and that there is a preference for loose firewood as a supply method. Our findings suggest that factors such as age, experience, and familiarity with a product, the supply method, attitude towards novelty, provenience, and energetic density of firewood have an important role in shaping individual inclination towards consuming domestic eucalyptus firewood. This implies that the owners of eucalyptus plantations should target mostly young and detail-oriented consumers, and should also try to clearly give information regarding the origin of the product and its technical characteristics.
Selective solution shearing deposition of high performance TIPS-pentacene polymorphs through chemical patterning

Methods for the solution deposition of organic semiconductors (OSCs) show great potential for the production of large-area, inexpensive, and flexible organic electronics. A solution deposition method called solution shearing has consistently been shown to yield thin film transistors with improved performance over those created via other solution-based approaches. However, the need for discrete, electronically isolated devices requires the parallel development of a facile means of pattern definition compatible with the solution shearing process. In our work, we use a simple chemical prepatterning method to enable the solution shearing deposition of the small molecule OSC TIPS-pentacene on substrates with feature sizes as small as 100 µm. Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXD) was also used to confirm the existence of high performance TIPS-pentacene polymorphs in the patterned thin films. Mobilities as high as 1.13 cm^2 V^−1 s^−1 were obtained on 400 µm wide patterns by depositing a high-performance, metastable polymorph of TIPS-pentacene.
Scattering from laterally heterogeneous vesicles. II. The form factor

Despite growing interest in the formation of domains or `rafts' in cell and model membranes, there have been relatively few attempts to characterize such systems via scattering techniques. Previously [Pencer et al. (2006). J. Appl. Cryst. 39, 293–303], it was demonstrated that the Porod invariant, Q, could be used to detect lateral segregation. Here, the general theory for scattering from laterally heterogeneous vesicles is outlined and form factors are derived for vesicles containing either single circular or annular domains. These form factors are then applied to the analysis of neutron scattering data from heterogeneous vesicles. Potential advantages and limitations of this technique are also discussed.
Footwear for Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Systematic Review

Background: Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) can affect the skin and musculoskeletal structures of the feet, raising the consideration of whether footwear has a role in clinical management. We summarized available evidence on how footwear (shoes, orthotics, insoles, and socks) can be utilized to supplement control of clinical symptoms in patients with psoriasis and PsA. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched for articles reporting on patients with psoriasis or PsA and outcomes pertaining to the impact of footwear interventions on clinical symptoms. Two independent reviewers assessed titles and abstracts according to eligibility criteria, and evaluated relevant full texts for inclusion. Study design, participants, intervention(s), and outcomes were extracted for qualitative analysis. Results: We identified 177 articles, of which seven met eligibility criteria for inclusion in our review. Two studies were randomized controlled trials of synthetic material socks for plantar psoriasis, two articles were case reports on orthotic interventions for patients with PsA, and three articles were narrative reviews. We identified limited scientific evidence to support or refute the use of footwear interventions as therapeutic adjuncts in psoriasis or PsA. However, several authors hypothesize that minimizing shear forces in footwear, improving breathability, depth of footwear, and cushioning of insoles may reduce foot pain, disability, and functional limitations in patients with psoriasis and PsA. Conclusion: Footwear interventions present a unique biomechanical opportunity in the management of psoriasis and PsA; however, to date, limited evidence exists to support or refute their efficacy suggesting a need for further research in this area.
Capturing CO2 from Biogas by MEA (Monoethanolamine) using Packed Bed Scrubber

Biogas adalah salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti energi fosil. Biogas sebagian besar mengandung metan (CH 4 ) dan karbon dioksida (CO 2 ). Kandungan CO 2 pada biogas mengurangi efisiensi pada proses pembakaran dan dapat menyebabkan korosi pada komponen-komponen logam yang kontak langsung dengan biogas. Pemurnian biogas dengan absorpsi merupakan suatu cara untuk menurunkan kadar CO 2 yang terkandung, dan meningkatkan kandungan CH 4 pada biogas sehingga biogas yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar. Penelitian ini ditujukkan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi monoethanolamine (MEA) dan laju alir absorben terhadap penurunan kadar CO 2 yang terkandung dalam biogas. Proses absorpsi CO 2 dilakukan pada scrubber tipe spray tower , s crubber yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berbahan akrilik dengan diameter 64 mm, panjang scrubber 750 mm, tinggi packing pada scrubber 500 mm dan dengan kapasitas 1.5 m 3 . Laju alir biogas yang digunakan 26 L/menit dengan variasi laju alir larutan MEA sebesar 0,5, 1 dan 1,5 L/menit dan variasi konsentrasi larutan MEA sebesar 1, 3, 5, dan 7M. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada laju alir larutan MEA 1,5 L/menit dengan konsentrasi larutan MEA 7M dapat menurunkan CO 2 dari 8,53% menjadi 0,10%, dan dapat meningkatkan kandungan metana (CH 4 ) dari 69,24% menjadi 81,20%. Biogas is a renewable energy source that can be used as a substitute for fossil energy. Biogas mostly contains methane (CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The content CO 2 in biogas reduces the efficiency of the combustion process and cause corrosion in metal components when direct contact with biogas. Biogas purification using absorption method can reduce levels of CO 2 contained and increase levels of CH 4 then the biogas produced can be used as fuel. This research study the effect of monoethanolamine (MEA) concentration and absorbent flow rate on the reduction of CO 2 contained in biogas. CO 2 absorption process is carried out by a spray tower type scrubber. It consisted of an acrylic absorption column (64 mm in diameter, 750 mm in height, 500 mm in packing height and 1.5 m 3 in capacity). Biogas flow rate used is 26 L/min with variation of the flow rate of MEA 0.5, 1, and 1,5 L/min and concentration of MEA solution 1, 3, 5, and 7M. The results showed that the flow rate of MEA 1.5 L/min with a concentration of 7M MEA solution can reduce CO 2 from 8.53% to 0.10% and can increase the methane (CH 4 ) load from 69.24% to 81.20%.
Application of theory of multi-agent systems for operational geodetic monitoring of technogenic objects

The analysis of modern methods of geodetic monitoring of technogenic objects (TO) in geodesy is carried out in the paper. The information on the use of robotic devices in geodetic monitoring of technogenic objects is given. The application of the theory of multi-agent systems for the operational geodetic monitoring of technogenic objects is proposed. The concept of geodetic robot “georobot” is formulated as an intelligent robotic device capable of increasing the speed of obtaining data on the spatial-temporal state of technogenic objects in extreme conditions without human intervention, increasing the reliability of geodetic monitoring and reducing the risk of emergencies. To determine the flight path of the georobot, the categories of technogenic objects are analyzed and their mathematical formalization is carried out to a set of characteristic volumetric geometric figures. A comparative table has been drawn up containing information on the categories of technogenic objects, the geometric image of the object and the path of flying around.
Sintesis Nanoselulosa dari Limbah Hasil Pertanian dengan Menggunakan Variasi Konsentrasi Asam

Limbah hasil pertanian merupakan sumber serat yang sangat besar. Limbah hasil pertanian banyak terdapat di Provinsi Lampung antara lain adalah jerami padi dan jagung. Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian merupakan salah satu solusi untuk mendapatkan material penghasil selulosa. Nanoselulosa merupakan salah satu pemanfaatan dari selulosa yang sangat bermanfaat bagi kehidupan. Nanoselulosa dapat dibagi menjadi 3 tipe utama yaitu selulosa nanokristal, selulosa nanofibril, dan nanoselulosa bakterial. Nanoselulosa memiliki diameter 1-100 nm dan panjang 500-2000 nm. Beberapa teknik dikembangkan untuk mengekstrak nanoselulosa dari selulosa diantaranya hidrolisis asam, hidrolisis enzimatis, dan proses mekanis. Adapun penggunaan masing-masing metode ekstraksi dimungkinkan menghasilkan tipe dan properti nanoselulosa yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sintesis nanoselulosa dari limbah hasil pertanian dengan berbagai konsentrasi asam untuk menghasilkan selulosa dengan ukuran nano terbaik berkisar antara 1 â€“ 100 nm. Variasi konsentrasi H2SO4 yang digunakan yaitu 45%, 55%, dan 65%. Dari penelitian ini menghasilkan serbuk selulosa dengan ukuran nano yang bervariasi. Ukuran nanoselulosa yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 356,5 nm â€“ 764,2 nm untuk limbah jerami padi, dan 422,6 nm â€“ 634,0 nm untuk limbah kulit jagung
Study on Mechanical Properties and Energy Dissipation of Frozen Sandstone under Shock Loading

In order to understand the mechanical properties and energy dissipation law of frozen sandstone under impact loading, the cretaceous water-rich red sandstone was selected as the research object to conduct impact tests at different freezing temperatures (0°C, −10°C, −20°C, and −30°C). The test results suggested the following: (1) the peak stress and peak strain of frozen sandstone are positively correlated with strain rate and freezing temperature, and the strain rate strengthening effect and the low-temperature hardening effect are obvious. (2) The strain rate sensitivity of dynamic stress increase factor (DIF) is negatively correlated with temperature. Water-ice phase change and the difference in the cold shrinkage rate of rock matrix under strong impact loading will degrade the performance of rock together, so DIF is less than 1. (3) In the negative temperature range from −10°C to −30°C, DEIF is always greater than 1. The energy dissipation rate of red sandstone specimens fluctuated between 10% and 25% under the impact loading, and the data are discrete, showing obvious strain rate independence. The failure form changes from tensile failure to shear and particle crushing failure. (4) Combined with the micromechanism analysis, the difference in dynamic mechanical properties of red sandstone at different temperatures is caused by the water-ice phase change and the different cold shrinkage rates of the frozen rock medium. When the temperature drops from 0°C to −2°C, water migrates to the free space of the pore of frozen rock and freezes into ice crystal, resulting in frozen shrinkage. At −30°C, the expansion of ice dominates and the migration of water will stop, leading to frost heave.
Who are the assistant cooks at the community child centers in South Korea? Focus group interviews with workfare program participants

Purpose Community child centers (CCCs) were introduced to provide after-school activities and care, including meal services to children from low-income families. The assistant cooks, who have the main responsibility for making and serving food at CCCs, are a major factor influencing the eating habits of children using CCCs. In this study, we tried to identify and understand who the assistant cooks are, what their job responsibilities are, and what they need in order to be able to provide children with healthy meals. Methods Three focus group interviews were held with 17 workfare program participants who worked as assistant cooks at CCCs, and content analysis methods were applied using the NVivo 12 qualitative data analysis software. Results The assistant cooks reflected on their perceptions of the children’s health at the CCCs, their own cooking style, and their role at the CCCs. Additionally, barriers to the optimal provision of their services were pointed out, and improvements were suggested. Conclusion The results of this study can be used as a fundamental resource for the development of tailored interventions that consider a child’s unique environment to address health disparities, specifically with respect to childhood obesity.
Characteristic Analysis and Predictive Torque Control of the Modular Three-Phase PMSM for Low-Voltage High Power Application

In this study, a novel modular three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed for low-voltage high power applications. The proposed modular three-phase PMSM has an independent segregated three-phase winding configuration, facilitating the implementation of the control algorithm. Firstly, on the basis of the electromagnetic properties, the mathematical model of the modular three-phase PMSM is established, considering the asymmetrical mutual inductances investigated by finite element analysis (FEA). Then, the predictive torque control (PTC) method combining the inductance characteristics of modular three-phase PMSM is developed, and excellent performance is obtained by adjusting the stator flux and torque. Finally, simulation and experiment are performed, and the results show that the proposed novel modular three-phase PMSM with the PTC method exhibits excellent control performance, and small stator current total harmonic distortion (THD).
Field portable methods for the determination of arsenic in environmental samples

iv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Field Portable Methods For the Determination of Arsenic in Environmental Samples 1 1.2 Gutzeit Method: The Spectrophotometric Determination of Arsenic Using Hydride Generation 6 1.2. 1 The Chemistry of the Determination of Arsenic as a Hydride 6 1.2. 2 Chemistry of the Gutzeit Method 7 1.2. 3 Challenges of Accuracy in the Determination of Arsenic Using Hydride Generation 10 1.3 The Chemistry of the Molybdenum Blue Method 10 1.3. 1 The Spectrophotometric Determination of Arsenic with the Molybdenum Blue Method 10 1.3. 2 Uses of Heteropolyoxometallates 12 1.3. 3 Analytical Applications 12 1.3. 4 History of Molybdenum Blue 13 1.3. 5 Chemistry of Molybdenum Blue 13 1.3. 6 Different Formulations of Molybdenum Blue and Current Research 16 1.3. 7 Flow Injection and Molybdenum Blue Chemistry 17 1.3. 8 Stoichiometric Measurement of the Elemental Composition of Molybdenum Blue With ICP-OES 20 1.3. 9 Naked-Eye and Photographic Determination of Arsenic with the Molybdenum Blue Method 20 1.4 Color Measurement 21 1.4. 1 Color Measurement and Tristimulus 21 1.4. 2 Theory of Reflectance Spectroscopy 24 1.4. 3 The Absorption Process 24 1.4. 4 Causes of Absorption: Electronic Processes 25 1.4. 5 The Scattering Process 25 1.4. 6 Kubelka Munk Background 26 1.5 Chemical Education and Field Portable Methods 26 1.6 The Determination of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the DNA of Arsenic Exposed Humans and Its Use as a Biomarker for Cancer Prediction 28 1.7 Toxicology of Arsenic 29 1.8 References 29 vii CHAPTER 2: IMPROVING THE ACCURACY AND PRECISION OF AN ARSENIC TEST FIELD KIT: INCREASED REACTION TIME AND DIGITAL IMAGE ANALYSIS 37 2.
Effects and Issues of Diet Fat on Cardiovascular Metabolism

Diet is a foundation of treatment for lifestyle-related diseases, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. For these diseases, diet therapy has been disregarded in management of hyperlipidemia. Fat has more diversity of biological effects compared to those of protein and carbohydrate. New emerging evidences have resulted in a clear shift of recognition of fatty acids in diet therapy. The PREDIMED study has shown recently the amazing result that a calorie-unlimited, high-fat Mediterranean diet caused about 30% reduction in cardiovascular disease in obese subjects compared with a low-fat diet. Many authorities have removed restriction of intake of fat from their guidelines. The important, new message from recent medical and nutritional science is that people need to consume more “good fat” rather than limiting intake of fat to prevent cardiometabolic diseases. In this chapter, I would like to focus on the role of fatty acids with special relation on their effects on blood lipids and cardiovascular events.