Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of biological activity and antioxidant capacity of Turkish licorice root extracts

Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Licorice) is a well-known medicinal herb that grows in various parts of the world. In the current study, the antimicrobial activities of n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts from G. glabra root were investigated by using the disc-diffusion and microdilution-broth methods against human and fish pathogen microorganisms. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined with total antioxidant activity, DPPH activity, ferric ion reducing power and CUPRAC assay. The total phenolic compounds and flavonoids were also studied for the extracts. In antimicrobial screening, G. glabra root extracts showed potent antimicrobial activity against all the tested clinical and food-borne pathogenic microorganisms. Streptococcus agalactiae exhibited a higher sensitivity against the dichloromethane extract with the highest zone diameter (18.21 mm) and the lowest MBC value (1.41 mg/ml) of all the fish pathogens. On the other hand, the free radical scavenging activities of n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts were found as IC50 579.98 μg/ml and 111.49 µg/ml, respectively. The results showed that the root dichloromethane extract has a stronger antioxidant capacity compared with n-hexane extract. The findings indicated the potential use of the n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts from G. glabra root as biopreservatives as they demonstrated high antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
The Effect of Moderately Increased and Variable Raceway Flow Rates on Juvenile Physiology, Survival, and Adult Return of Hatchery-Reared Chinook Salmon

Abstract Increasing hatchery raceway flow to a rate similar to that seen in nature exercises salmon in the expectation that improving swimming ability will result in better survival. However, insufficient water prevents most hatcheries from fully simulating natural stream currents. We examined the effect of moderate and seasonally variable flow rates (0.25–0.75 body lengths/s) on growth and physiology of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and their ability to withstand acute stress, survive downstream migration, and return as adults. Changes in salmon growth, condition, and hematocrit followed similar patterns and did not substantially vary between treatments or cohorts. Patterns of change in plasma glucose levels were also similar for each treatment. Hepatosomatic index was higher in the 1994 cohort than in the 1995 cohort and in the exercised salmon. Liver glycogen levels were higher in the 1995 cohort. Plasma glucose and cortisol levels increased after stress and were greater in the contr.
Is training effective for older workers

The labor market position of older workers is cause for concern in many industrialized countries. Rapid population aging is challenging pension systems. The recent economic crisis has forced many older adults out of the workforce, into either pre-retirement or non-employment. Encouraging people to work longer and fostering the employability of older workers have become priorities for policymakers. Training specifically designed for older workers might help attain these goals, since it may refresh human capital and reduce the payâ€“productivity gap. Training older workers might also benefit employers and society as a whole.
MSP 58 Knockdown Inhibits the Proliferation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Vitro and in Vivo

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most fatal cancers in the gastrointestinal tract of the digestive system. Epidemiological evidence reveals that, worldwide, it is the fifth most common cause of death from cancer in men and the eighth most common cause of death from cancer in women (Jemal et al., 2011). The highest incidence rate is found in developing countries, particularly in China (Pickens et al., 2003; Yu et al., 2010; Jemal et al., 2011). Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common pathologic types in EC (about 90%) (Stoner et al., 2001; Enzinger et al., 2003). Although great improvements have been made in the diagnosis, surgical treatment, chemotherapy and radiotherapy of esophageal cancer, the overall survival rate of esophageal cancer remains poor, with a 5-year survival of 15–34% (Allum et al., 2009; Sjoquist et al., 2011; Siegel et al., 2012; Xu et al., 2012). Therefore, it is extremely necessary to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the development of EC. Further studies, which aim to identify novel tumorrelated genes and clarify of their roles in EC, will help to elucidate the mechanism of the initiation and progression of esophageal cancer.
OBSERVATION OF ANISOTROPY IN THE ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS OF GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS AT MULTIPLE ANGULAR SCALES WITH IceCube

Between 2009 May and 2010 May, the IceCube neutrino detector at the South Pole recorded 32 billion muons generated in air showers produced by cosmic rays with a median energy of 20 TeV. With a data set of this size, it is possible to probe the southern sky for per-mil anisotropy on all angular scales in the arrival direction distribution of cosmic rays. Applying a power spectrum analysis to the relative intensity map of the cosmic ray flux in the southern hemisphere, we show that the arrival direction distribution is not isotropic, but shows significant structure on several angular scales. In addition to previously reported large-scale structure in the form of a strong dipole and quadrupole, the data show small-scale structure on scales between 15° and 30°. The skymap exhibits several localized regions of significant excess and deficit in cosmic ray intensity. The relative intensity of the smaller-scale structures is about a factor of five weaker than that of the dipole and quadrupole structure. The most significant structure, an excess localized at (right ascension α = 122.°4 and declination δ = −47.°4), extends over at least 20° in right ascension and has a post-trials significance of 5. 3σ. The origin of this anisotropy is still unknown.
PrefixSpan Algorithm for Finding Sequential Pattern with Various Constraints

PrefixSpan (Prefix-projected Sequential pattern mining) algorithm is very well known algorithm for sequential data mining. It extracts the sequential patterns through pattern growth method. The algorithm performs very well for small datasets. As the size of datasets increases the overall time for finding the sequential patterns also get increased. The PrefixSpan algorithm is run on different datasets and results are drawn based on minimum support value. One new parameter maximum prefix length is also considered while running the algorithm. Through maximum prefix length parameter the length of prefix pattern is set which is helpful for running the algorithm on large datasets. The paper also shows the variation in time complexity and memory utilization while running the algorithm on different size of input sequential datasets.
Giant isotope effect in hot electron degradation of metal oxide silicon devices

A giant isotope effect of hot electron degradation was found by annealing and passivating integrated circuits of recent complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) technology with deuterium instead of hydrogen. In this paper, we summarize our experience and present new results of secondary ion mass spectroscopy that correlate deuterium accumulation with reduced hot electron degradation. We also present a first account of the physical theory of this effect with a view on engineering application and point toward rules of current and voltage scaling as obtained from this theory.
Chapter 16 Fuzzy Logic in Computer Science

To understand fuzzy logic, it is essential to recall the basic motivation that led to its emergence. This motivation, articulated in various forms in the early papers on fuzzy logic by Zadeh (1965, 1973), can briefly be described as follows. Classical logic is appropriate for a formalization of reasoning that involves bivalent propositions such as “5 is a prime number”, “age of Jan is 9”, or “if x is a positive integer and y 1⁄4 xþ 1 then y is a positive integer”, i.e., propositions which may in principle be true or false. In a similar way, classical sets are appropriate for representing collections (of objects) that have sharp, clear-cut boundaries, such as “the collection of all prime numbers less than 100” or “the collection of all U.S. Senators as of September 1, 2010”. For any such collection, an arbitrary given object either is or is not a member of it. Most propositions which people use to communicate information about the outer world are not bivalent. Such propositions are true to a certain degree, rather than being true or false only. As an example, “it is hot outside” is a proposition whose truth depends on the outside temperature. According to our intuition, the higher the temperature, the truer the proposition. To require that the proposition be bivalent
D Polygonal Approximation of the Skeleton for 3 D Object Decomposition

We improve a method to decompose a 3D object into parts (called kernels, simple-regions and bumps) starting from the partition of the distance labeled skeleton into components (called complex-sets, simplecurves and single-points). In particular, each simple-curve of the partition is here interpreted as a curve in a 4D space, where the coordinates of each point are related to the three spatial coordinates of the corresponding voxel of the 3D simple-curve and to its associated distance label. Then, a split type polygonal approximation method is employed to subdivide, in the limits of the adopted tolerance, each curve in the 4D space into straight-line segments. Vertices found in the 4D curve are used to identify corresponding vertices in the 3D simple-curve. The skeleton partition is then used to recover the parts into which the object is decomposed. Finally, region merging is taken into account to obtain a decomposition of the object more in accordance with human intuition.
Influence of Periwinkle Shells Ash as Filler in Hot Mix Asphalt

Nigeria has been experiencing tremendous development in the national infrastructure road network over the last decade. Nigeria economic growth in rural areas has been triggered by good and safe roads and a good highways network system. Studies have shown that climate, traffic conditions, characteristics of the asphalt binder and the aggregate are the main factors that can contribute to premature pavement failures. The ability of periwinkle shell ash as filler to improve the fatigue and rutting resistance of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) as well as moisture sensitivity was investigated. In this study, the mechanistic properties of asphalt concrete mixes modified with PSA as a replacement for limestone dust mineral filler were evaluated. Five replacement rates were used; 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 percent by weight. Asphalt concrete mixes were prepared at their optimum asphalt content and then tested to evaluate their engineering properties which include moisture damage, permanent deformation and fatigue characteristics. These properties have been evaluated using marshal Stability text and indirect tensile strength. The experimental results, in general, showed that the mixes modified with PSA were found to have improved fatigue and permanent deformation characteristics, also showing lower moisture susceptibility. The use of 3 percent of PSA filler has shown a significant improvement in asphalt concrete behavior and has added to the local knowledge the possibility of producing more durable mixtures with higher resistance to distress.
Significance of nanophytoplankton photosynthesis and primary production in a coastal upwelling system (Ría de Vigo, NW Spain)

The Rias Baixas are reported to have the highest primary production along the NW coast of Spain due to the influence of upwelling, which occurs from April to October. Samples were taken over 2 wk periods at a single station in the Ria de Vigo during spring, summer and autumn 1993 to study the variation in the phytoplankton photosynthetic parameters (light limited slope, α B and light saturated chlorophyll specific rate, P B m ) and daily primary production in relation to phytoplankton size class, species and hydrographic parameters. The range in primary production for the Ria was 65 to 3689 mg C m -2 d -1 for total phytoplankton, 65 to 2833 mg C m -2 d -1 for net phytoplankton and 0 to 1650 mg C m -2 d -1 for nanophytoplankton. The data suggest that most of the variation in primary production in the Ria during the upwelling season was due to nanophytoplankton. Upwelling/downwelling cycles in the Ria therefore give rise to a larger variation in energy transfer through the microbial loop than through the classic, short, food chain. This is caused mainly by increases in nanophytoplankton α B coupled with high NO 3 due to upwelling events. The data also suggest that there are 3 principal factors that give high primary production in the Ria. Periodic relaxation and stratification events linked to water column heating during upwelling/downwelling cycles coincided with periods of high productivity. Size class also influences the primary production; net phytoplankton had significantly higher primary production during the upwelling season than the nanophytoplankton and was responsible for 66% of the mean primary production. Species differences affected the primary production in the Ria; highest values coincided with blooms of Chaetoceros spp. and the lowest with dinoflagellate blooms of Gymnodinium catenatum.
Observing lifting errors 1 Observing object lifting errors modulates corticospinal excitability and improves object lifting performance

Gavin Buckingham, Jeremy D. Wong, Minnie Tang, Paul L. Gribble, Melvyn A. Goodale 1. Department of Psychology, School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University 2. The Brain and Mind Institute, The University of Western Ontario 3. The Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario 4. The Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of Western Ontario 5. The Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario
Peninsular Malaysia’s Negrito orang Asli and its theory of African origin

Negritos of Peninsular Malaysia have physical features which strongly resemble the African pygmies rather than any of the other main South East Asian ethnic groups. In addition, their features are also completely different from the two other large sub-groups of the Peninsular Malaysia Orang Asli, i.e. Senoi and Proto-Malay. In this study, we genetically screened three African-specific markers, Glucose-6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene PvuII Type 2 polymorphism and A- mutation; and Sickle Cell trait in 103 unrelated individuals with G6PD deficiency. None of the Negritos’ samples carried A- and Sickle cell mutations but all males and females have the PvuII Type 2 polymorphism. The same results were seen in all DNA samples of the Malaysian’s Malay, Chinese and Indians. Additionally, all females in this study were homozygous for PvuII Type 2 polymorphism. Thus, we concluded that this polymorphism is widespread in all Malaysian population and is not unique to just Africans. However, these findings indicated that the polymorphism was widely conserved and can be used to study the African descendant in any world population hitherto supporting the ‘Out of Africa’ theory.
Countermine operations in very shallow water and surf zone: the role of bottom crawlers

In this paper explained about the mining operations in very shallow water and surface zone. Crawlers are used in the navigation field. Varies water vehicles (swimmers and Crawlers) are explained. Robotics platforms will take place important role in mine navigation. This demonstration involve coordinated Mine-Counter missions among various swimming and crawling unmanned systems. Naval communication are also explained.
Error Probabilities of Coherent Optical Heterodyne FSK-CDMA Signals in a Noncoherent Detection System Degraded by Laser Phase Noise

An error probability analysis is performed for noncoherent detection of optical heterodyne frequency-shift keying (FSK) direct sequence spread-spectrum code-division multiple access (CDMA) signals corrupted by laser phase noise, receiver noise, and multiuser noise. Receiver noise is included in the analysis as an additive white Gaussian process. The multiuser noise is also modeled as a Gaussian process. An FSK-CDMA system with low, moderate, and high user bit rates as compared with the laser linewidth is analyzed over different spreading code lengths for increasing numbers of users. The low bit rate system performs poorly even when the spreading code is long and the number of simultaneous users is very small. On the other hand, a high bit rate system which uses a spreading code with 2/sup 11/ chips can support up to 75 users if the maximum allowed possibility of bit error is 10/sup -6/. <<ETX>>
Psychometric properties evaluation of the Psychological Empowerment Instrument in a Brazilian context.

AIM To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Psychological Empowerment Instrument among Brazilian nurses. BACKGROUND The Psychological Empowerment Instrument-Brazil is a structured questionnaire that aims to measure the psychological empowerment in the work environment. METHOD A methodological study involving 219 nurses. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the factor structure validity of the Psychological Empowerment Instrument-Brazil. Model fit indices and saliences of factor loadings were assessed. The convergent validity was estimated using the average variance extracted and composite reliability. The correlational analysis was verified using the Spearman Correlation between the Psychological Empowerment Instrument-Brazil and other specific tools. Discriminant validity, internal consistency, test-retest and floor/ceiling effects were also assessed. RESULTS Factor structure indices of the second-order hierarchical model were [λ = 0.47-0.84; χ2 /df = 1.84, GFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.06 (90% CI = 0.04-0.08)]. Model refinement was not required. All subscales presented suitable average variance extracted, composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha, except the Impact subscale (0.39; composite reliability = 0.65, α = 0.63). All correlations between Psychological Empowerment Instrument-Brazil and the other questionnaires were significant. CONCLUSION Psychometric properties of the Psychological Empowerment Instrument-Brazil were suitable when applied to Brazilian nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Psychological Empowerment Instrument-Brazil supports the evaluation of the empowerment level, as well as the applicability of the psychological empowerment in the work environment of Brazilian nurses.
Enabling non-parametric strong lensing models to derive reliable cluster mass distributions - WSLAP+

In the strong lensing regime non-parametric lens models struggle to achieve sucient angular resolution for a meaningful derivation of the central cluster mass distribution. The problem lies mainly with cluster members which perturb lensed images and generate additional images, requiring high resolution modelling, even though we mainly wish to understand the relatively smooth cluster component. In practice the required resolution for a fully non-parametric mass map is not achievable because the separation between lensed images is several times larger than the deection angles by member galaxies, even for the most impressive data. Here we bypass this limitation by incorporating a simple physical prior for member galaxies, using their observed positions and their luminosity scaled masses. This high frequency contribution is added to a relatively coarse Gaussian pixel grid used to model the more smoothly varying cluster mass distribution, extending our established WSLAP code (Diego et al. 2007). We test this new code (WSLAP+) with an empirical simulation based on A1689, using all the pixels belonging to multiply-lensed images and the observed member galaxies. Dealing with the cluster members this way leads to stable convergent solutions, without resorting to regularization, reproducing well smooth input cluster distributions and substructures. We highlight the ability of this method to recover \dark" sub-components and other dierences between the distributions of cluster mass and member galaxies. Such anomalies can provide clues to the nature of invisible dark matter, but are hard to discover using parametrized models where substructures are modelled on the basis of the visible data. With our increased resolution and stability we show, for the rst time, that non-parametric models can be made suciently precise to locate multiply-lensed systems, thereby achieving fully self-consistent solutions without reliance on input systems from less objective means.
Spin-Orbit Splitting of Andreev States Revealed by Microwave Spectroscopy

We have performed microwave spectroscopy of Andreev states in superconducting weak links tailored in an InAs-Al (core-full shell) epitaxially-grown nanowire. The spectra present distinctive features, with bundles of four lines crossing when the superconducting phase difference across the weak link is 0 or $\pi. $ We interpret these as arising from zero-field spin-split Andreev states. A simple analytical model, which takes into account the Rashba spin-orbit interaction in a nanowire containing several transverse subbands, explains these features and their evolution with magnetic field. Our results show that the spin degree of freedom is addressable in Josephson junctions, and constitute a first step towards its manipulation.
A Multilevel Approach Applied to Sat-Encoded Problems

The satisfiability problem (SAT) which is known to be NP-complete (7) plays a central role problem in many applications in the fields of VLSI Computer-Aided design, Computing Theory, and Artificial Intelligence. Generally, a SAT problem is defined as follows. A propositional formula Φ = ∧m j=1 Cj with m clauses and n Boolean variables is given. Each Boolean variable, xi, i ∈ {1, . , n}, takes one of the two values, True or False. A clause , in turn, is a disjunction of literals and a literal is a variable or its negation. Each clause Cj has the form:
Semantic prosody and specialised translation, or how a lexico-grammatical theory of language can help with specialised translation

Corpus linguistics has invaded translation studies and practice over the last fifteen years, allowing researchers to analyse the language of translation or to use corpora as tools in the translation process. This study deals with the application of a theoretical and methodological corpus linguistics approach to pragmatic translation, more precisely with the analysis of semantic prosody in a contrastive study both between French and English, and between general and specialised language. The data confirm that semantic prosody does not present a univocal matching between two languages. Moreover, the study demonstrates the need for corpus data over intuition to understand the fluctuation of semantic prosody between general language and languages for specific purposes. Finally, the question of translation based on corpus data will be addressed. Keywords: semantic prosody; English-French contrastive analysis; general language; languages for specific purposes; specialised translation; pragmatic translation
1 14 J an 2 00 7 Bianchi spacetimes in noncommutative phase-space

The effects of noncommutativity in the phase-space of the classical and quantum cosmology of Bianchi models are investigated. Exact solutions in both commutative and noncommutative cases are presented and compared. Further, the Noether symmetries of the Bianchi class A spacetimes are studied in both cases and similarities and differences are discussed. PACS numbers: 04.20. -q, 04.20. Cv