Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Model for Industrialisation in the Derwent Valley: Application of the Manchester Methodology in the North East of England Modified to Demonstrate the Benefit of the Process on the Local Social Structure

ABSTRACT This paper contributes a case study on the Manchester Methodology — a tool for studying the process of industrialisation — focusing on the Derwent Valley in the North East of England and discussing the social structure relevant for industrialisation. In this case study the social structure has been moved from a top-down hierarchy of ownership to a bottom-up concept of social benefit, thereby reflecting the improvement of the condition of the working masses during industrialisation. The paper also reflects on the use of quantitative data within the Manchester Methodology rather than the qualitative data originally employed. This approach has produced a clearer picture of the relative dominance of some industries over others which may not be evident from the qualitative method alone, and demonstrates how this can be used to create a refined model of the industrial landscape.
Efficient biodegradation of petroleum n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by polyextremophilic Pseudomonas aeruginosa san ai with multidegradative capacity

Pseudomonas aeruginosa san ai, an alkaliphilic, metallotolerant bacterium, degraded individual selected petroleum compounds, i.e., n-alkanes (n-hexadecane, n-nonadecane) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene) with efficiency of 80%, 98%, 96%, 50% and 41%, respectively, at initial concentrations of 20 mg L−1 and in seven days. P. aeruginosa san ai showed a high biodegradative capacity on complex hydrocarbon mixtures, the aliphatic and aromatic fractions from crude oil. The efficiency of P. aeruginosa san ai degradation of crude oil fractions in seven days reached stage 3–4 of the oil biodegradation scale, which ranges from 0 (no biodegradation) to 10 (maximum biodegradation). Identified metabolites concomitant with genomic and enzymatic data indicated the terminal oxidation pathway for the n-alkane degradation, and the salicylate and phthalate pathways for fluorene biodegradation. Polyextremophilic P. aeruginosa san ai, as a biosurfactant producer with multidegradative capacity for hydrocarbons, can be used in an improved strategy for environmental bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites, including extreme habitats characterized by low or elevated temperatures, acidic or alkaline pH or high concentrations of heavy metals.
Enhancement of Junior High School Students Problem Solving Ability Using Missoury Mathematics Project Learning Model with Individual and Small Group Assignments

Mathematical problem solving ability is very important since it can help students to solvetheir daily problems. Studies shows that most of students only wants to know the standardprocedures when they learn mathematics, and tends to give up when the given problems aredifferent. This comparative study aims to know the students mathematical problem solvingenhancements, and whether there is significant difference between two groups of studentswhich acquire Missoury Mathematics Project learning model with individual or small groupassignments. Samples for this research are junior high school students from SMP Advent IIBandung, grade seven. The instruments used in this research are mathematical problemsolving test and quesionaire of responses. The research result shows that the mathematicalproblem solving enhancement categorized as high1. And there is a significant differencebetween those two groups of students which acquire Missoury Mathematics Project learningmodel with individual or small group assignments2. While the result from the quesionaire ofresponses shows that students like the Missoury Mathematics Project learning model.
Species composition, habitat structure and sedimentation in a Sonneratia caseolaris stand at the Lam River estuary, Vietnam.

This study aims to provide some information for development of silvofishery systems with a mangrove (S. caseolaris stand) for shrimp-culture ponds at the Lam River estuary, Vietnam. To achieve this objective, species composition, habitat structure and sedimentation effect in the S. caseolaris stand distributing along the canal for shrimp culture were surveyed. The study reveals that the stand contains four species or more under the canopy; dominant understory species are Aegiceras corniculatum, Cyperus malaccensis and Acanthus spp. (A. ilicifolius and A. ebracteatus). A. corniculatum was observed expanding its distribution area toward the low tidal zone. As a result, the habitat for seedlings/saplings of this species becomes significantly lower in land height than that of Acanthus spp. (ANOVA; p<0.05), but not different from that of S. caseolaris. Sedimentation rates of A. corniculatum and Acanthus sp. recorded were 13.2, 2.9 g m−2 h−1 and 13.0 4.4 g m−2 h−1, respectively. S. caseolaris sparsely grows with less developing of pneumatophore, which effectively traps sediment, at the early stage of succession. Considering reinforcement of sedimentation effect, especially right after restoration of the mangrove in the silvofishery systems, A. corniculatum and Acanthus spp. with S. caseolaris are recommendable to be introduced to the systems.
FPA Optimized Selective Harmonic Elimination in Symmetric–Asymmetric Reduced Switch Cascaded Multilevel Inverter

Symmetrical and asymmetrical multilevel inverters (MLIs) have demonstrated its usefulness in a wide range of applications. This is accomplished due to the ongoing improvement by reducing the converter size and enhancement in the voltage quality. In this article, a generalized cascaded MLI structure is developed, which can operate in both symmetric and asymmetric modes. Comparative assessment in terms of the number of components and voltage stress warrants the design superiority. A new selective harmonic elimination (SHE) control using flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is investigated for the developed asymmetrical MLI. The salient features of the FPA such as less burdensome compilation and ability tos single-stage local and global search ascertain the elimination of the targeted harmonics through optimum angles computation. Moreover, the competence of the FPA is verified by comparing it with well-known SHE algorithms. Simulation analysis is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment, which validates the workability of the developed system. Experimental tests using fundamental and high switching frequency control techniques are further conducted under a dynamic environment to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology.
Maximizing biodiversity conservation through behavior change strategies

Most modern threats to biodiversity are due to human actions. Conservation psychology models provide tools to strategically change human behaviors to reduce these threats; however, behavior change theories have yet to be fully incorporated into conservation strategic planning techniques. The public that may be interested in a conservation issue are often untapped resources to expand a conservation organization's limited reach. Increased public participation could fill a gap between an organization's objectives and the scope of what is feasible for limited staff or budget. This study presents an expanded framework for biodiversity conservation strategic planning using conservation behaviors. Some conservation organizations, such as zoos and aquariums, have access to extensive audiences that could be mobilized to take‐action to directly reduce threats to biodiversity or indirectly support others' efforts. To test our expanded planning framework, we evaluated the current status of conservation behavior change techniques used by zoos, which are increasingly identifying as conservation organizations. We used the framework to measure whether zoos are providing conservation behavior opportunities to their audiences of millions. The framework consisting of 12 behaviors nested within five categories includes behaviors in the public and private spheres. We tested the framework using content analyses of 211 zoo's websites across North America, sampled from the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. The methods elicited 2,187 conservation projects for the sample, only 32% of which provided any form of conservation behavior change opportunities to the zoo audiences. We present the range and frequency of conservation behavior strategies in zoos, revealing their current strengths as conservation organizations and opportunities for improved audience activation. The results demonstrate the value of integrating the conservation behavior change framework into biodiversity conservation strategic planning for conservation organizations. The framework can be used to facilitate expanded conservation activities, a valuable opportunity to reduce threats to biodiversity.
Structural plasticity of the adult cerebellar climbing fibres: an in vivo study on the role of the growth-associated protein 43

The growth-associated protein GAP-43 has a pivotal role in axonal growth and guidance during development. Towards the end of postnatal development its expression dramatically declines in most brain regions with few exceptions, such as cerebellar cortex and inferior olive (IO). When experimentally over-expressed in murine CNS in vivo, it is able to induce axonal sprouting, moreover it is up-regulated in conditions known to induce a structural remodelling of neuronal connectivity, such as injuries to the CNS and neurodegenerative disorders. However the reason why high expression is maintained through adulthood only in some regions in the adult brain has never been clarified. Taking advantage of lentiviral vectors and shRNAs to induce an efficient and stable gene silencing specifically in the IO, we chose to investigate GAP-43 role in axonal remodelling of the adult CFs, since they originate from one of the nuclei which retain GAP-43 high expression levels, they are conveniently arranged for morphological studies and they are endowed with profound plastic and regenerative potentials. Here we show in vivo, in adult rats, that silencing of GAP-43 causes an atrophy of olivocerebellar terminal axons and significant modification of its presynaptic boutons. These data suggest that GAP-43 plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of axonal structure of CF and of the organization of presynaptic plasma membrane in physiological conditions and it plays a complex role in CF lesion-induced sprouting. Finally, by means of two-photon microscopy and laser nanosurgery, we describe here for the first time in vivo a lesion-induced axonal sprouting in the mammalian CNS.
Geophysical analysis of landscape polystructures

The objective identification of landscape cover units is very important for sustainable environmental management planning. The article proposes a method-algorithm for describing the formation of landscape structures, which is based on the classic landscape analysis and applies the parameters of geophysical fields. The main driving forces of all structure-forming processes are the gradients of gravitational and insolation fields, parameters of which were calculated using the digital elevation models and the GIS-technologies. A minimum number of principal parameters are selected for typological and functional classification of landscapes. The number and importance of parameters were identified basing on the results of numerical experiments. Landscape classifications elaborated on the basis of standard numerical methods take a fundamental geophysical value. In this case, a concept of polystructural landscape organization is logical: by selecting different structure-forming processes and physical parameters, different classifications of landscapes could be elaborated. The models of geosystem functioning are closely related to their structure through boundary conditions and relations between parameters. All models of processes and structures are verified by field experimental data obtained under diverse environmental conditions.
Robust Multi-Objective Sustainable Reverse Supply Chain Planning: An Application in the Steel Industry

In the design of the supply chain, the use of the returned products and their recycling in the production and consumption network is called reverse logistics. The proposed model aims to optimize the flow of materials in the supply chain network (SCN), and determine the amount and location of facilities and the planning of transportation in conditions of demand uncertainty. Thus, maximizing the total profit of operation, minimizing adverse environmental effects, and maximizing customer and supplier service levels have been considered as the main objectives. Accordingly, finding symmetry (balance) among the profit of operation, the environmental effects and customer and supplier service levels is considered in this research. To deal with the uncertainty of the model, scenario-based robust planning is employed alongside a meta-heuristic algorithm (NSGA-II) to solve the model with actual data from a case study of the steel industry in Iran. The results obtained from the model, solving and validating, compared with actual data indicated that the model could optimize the objectives seamlessly and determine the amount and location of the necessary facilities for the steel industry more appropriately.
The effect of stacking sequence of basalt and Kevlar fibers on the Charpy impact behavior of hybrid composites and fiber metal laminates

In this study, the effect of the arrangement of Kevlar and basalt fibers as the reinforcements on the Charpy impact behavior of hybrid epoxy composites was investigated. Also, the effect of adding metal plates (aluminum 2024-T3 and stainless steel 316L) into the basalt/ Kevlar fibers reinforced epoxy composites to fabricate fiber metal laminates under Charpy impact loads was studied. The fabricated fiber metal laminates in this research consisted of three metal plates and two groups of composite layers placed between them and were fabricated by the hand lay-up technique. Results indicated that the stacking sequence of fibers due to the hybridization effect caused a considerable improvement in the energy absorption value (99%) of hybrid composites, compared to specimens with one kind of fibers. Moreover, the effect of adding aluminum plates for the fabrication of fiber metal laminate was greater than adding steel plates. Considering the weight of composites, fiber metal laminates with aluminum and steel sheets, it was found that the average specific energy absorption value of aluminum fiber metal laminates was about 2.5 times higher than those of steel fiber metal laminates and composites.
Detection of Abnormal Vessel Behaviour Based on Probabilistic Directed Graph Model

To detect the abnormal behaviour of ships in the waters of any jurisdiction and to improve the safety of maritime navigation, the meshing-based method is adopted to obtain discrete trajectory data and a probabilistic directed graph model is established to obtain historical data from ships' AIS (automatic identification systems). The state statistical characteristics of each node in the ship probability map are obtained to detect the navigation state of the ship in real time. By predicting the normal navigation trajectory of the ship, it can be judged whether the ship has the potential to behave abnormally at some moment in the future. Simulation experiments were designed based on a maritime simulator platform. The experimental results indicate that the model can correctly predict abnormal behaviour by ships, including excessive speed and deviation from the channel or normal sailing mode.
Strategies for New Drug Development

This chapter focuses on the prospects for using a fundamental molecular approach to identification of novel lead compounds for new drug development. A section reviews existing and potential drug targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The chapter then discusses distinctive features of mycobacteria relevant to drug design, and considers experimental approaches applicable to rational drug discovery programs. Most antibacterial agents inhibit biosynthetic pathways involved in the production of macromolecules. Streptomycin, the first antibiotic available for widespread use in treatment of tuberculosis, is a member of the aminoglycoside family that disrupts bacterial protein synthesis. An important strategy for enhancing the activity of sulfonamides against some bacteria has been their use in combination with trimethoprim, a drug that inhibits a subsequent step in the tetrahydrofolate pathway catalyzed by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. Rifampin is a key drug in mycobacterial therapy that has a broad antibacterial spectrum and a well-defined target. Ethambutol has a polyamine-like structure and was originally thought to interfere with RNA synthesis. M. tuberculosis isolates with defects in the katG gene encoding a catalase-peroxidase enzyme develop resistance to isoniazid (INH), indicating a possible role for the enzyme in intracellular activation of the drug. The recent development of molecular genetic systems for mycobacteria opens a range of novel opportunities for drug discovery.
Expression profiles of lincRNA and mRNA related to milk yield and milk composition traits in the milk-derived exosomes of Holstein and Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı cows

This study aimed to demonstrate the expression profiles of lincRNAs and mRNAs affecting milk yield and composition traits in the milk-derived exosomes of Holstein and Dogu Anadolu Kirmizisi DAK cows. For this purpose, the locations of these specific lincRNAs and mRNAs were confirmed in quantitative trait loci. Then RT-PCR analysis was performed to identify the expression profiles of the lincRNAs and mRNAs. Lastly, correlation analysis was carried out between milk yield data from Holstein and DAK cows and expression levels of the lincRNAs and mRNAs. The findings showed that while lincRNAs and mRNAs associated with milk yield traits were upregulated in the Holstein cows exhibiting high milk yield in comparison to the DAK cows exhibiting low milk yield, lincRNA and mRNA associated with milk composition traits were downregulated in the Holstein cows with high milk yield compared to the DAK cows with low milk yield. These results suggest primary evidence for expression profiles of lincRNA and mRNA related to milk production traits in the milk-derived exosomes of Holstein and DAK cows. These lincRNAs and mRNAs, which are carried in the milkderived exosomes, could be utilized in animal breeding programs to enhance milk yield and composition traits.
Phase-modulated axilenses for infrared multi-band imaging and spectroscopy

We design and characterize a novel axilens-based diffractive optics platform that flexibly combines efficient point focusing and grating selectivity and is compatible with scalable top-down fabrication based on a 4-level phase mask configuration. This is achieved using phase-modulated compact axilens devices that simultaneously focus incident radiation of selected wavelengths at predefined locations with larger focal depths compared to traditional Fresnel lenses. In addition, the proposed devices are polarization insensitive and maintain a large focusing efficiency over a broad spectral band. Specifically, here we discuss and characterize modulated axilens configurations designed for long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) in the $6~\mu$m--12~$\mu$m wavelength range and in the $4~\mu$m--6~$\mu$m mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) range. These devices are ideally suited for monolithic integration atop the substrate layers of infrared focal plane arrays (IR-FPAs) and for use as compact microspectrometers. We systematically study their focusing efficiency, spectral response, and cross talk ratio, and we demonstrate linear control of multi-wavelength focusing on a single plane. Our design method leverages Rayleigh-Sommerfeld (RS) diffraction theory and is validated numerically using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Finally, we demonstrate the application of spatially modulated axilenses to the realization of compact, single-lens spectrometer. By optimizing our devices, we achieve a minimum distinguishable wavelength interval of $\Delta\lambda=240nm$ at $\lambda_0=8{\mu}m$ and $\Delta\lambda=165nm$ at $\lambda_0=5{\mu}m$. The proposed devices add fundamental spectroscopic capabilities to compact imaging devices for a number of applications ranging from spectral sorting to LWIR and MWIR phase contrast imaging and detection.
Qualitätsmanagement in der HNO – eine Standortbestimmung

Zusammenfassung Um mit der Unvollkommenheit ärztlichen Handelns umzugehen, gibt es neben gesellschaftlichen Sanktionen schon seit der Antike ethische Verhaltensvorgaben für Ärzte, die unser heutiges Verständnis von einem guten Arzt geformt haben. Mit Industrialisierung und Standardisierung wurde vor 100 Jahren in den USA der Grundstein für Qualitätsmanagement in der Medizin gelegt. In den 1950ern entstand in Japan ein umfassendes Qualitätskonzept, dass großen Einfluss auf die Medizin gewinnen sollte. Alle heutigen Zertifizierungs- und Akkreditierungsverfahren gehen aus diesen Wurzeln hervor. Seit 15 Jahren knüpft der Gesetzgeber in Deutschland ein immer feineres Netz an Regularien, um durch externe Qualitätssicherung Mindeststandards im Gesundheitswesen zu gewährleisten. Ärztliche Institutionen der Selbstverwaltung verbessern darüber hinaus durch eigene Initiativen die Behandlungsqualität. Qualitätsmanagement hat dauerhaft Einzug gehalten in Krankenhäuser und Praxen, zu erkennen an Risikomanagement und Patientenorientierung. Daneben gibt es eine Vielzahl an freiwilligen ärztlichen Initiativen zur Qualitätssicherung, z. B. die Leitlinien der ärztlichen Fachgesellschaften. Per Umfrage wurde die Implementation eines Qualitätsmanagementsystems in deutschen HNO-Kliniken und -Praxen evaluiert und mit dem Bundesdurchschnitt verglichen. Es fand sich überwiegend eine umfassendere Umsetzung als in den Vergleichsgruppen. Die aktuellen Herausforderungen an Kliniken und Praxen sind erheblich und haben Auswirkungen auf das Qualitätsniveau. Unterfinanzierung, Personalmangel und gesellschaftliche Veränderungen sind hier genauso relevant wie Auswirkungen des wissenschaftlichen Fortschritts. Um Qualitätsmanagement zukünftig umfassend zu implementieren, sind kluge politische Weichenstellungen und Ressourcen entscheidend – das Konzept an sich hat sich längst durchgesetzt.
Fast and Energy-Efficient Block Ciphers Implementations in ARM Processors and Mali GPU

ABSTRACT With the proliferation of the internet of things (IoT) and device-to-device (D2D) communications enabled by the boom of mobile computing technology, secure high-speed communication has now become indispensable in our daily life. This is especially true when potentially private data are being continually sensed by and communicated among mobile devices as they exist in a world of interconnected inanimate objects, which is also one of the main themes of the upcoming 5G revolution. As the amount of data to be secured for high-speed communications is vast, there is a need to ensure that the block ciphers used for encryption are deployed without incurring significant computational cost. In this paper, we present fast implementations of recent industry standard block ciphers in typical embedded platforms, consisting of multi-core CPU (ARM A15 and A7) and GPU (Mali T628). We implemented the conventional block cipher (AES) and lightweight block ciphers (CLEFIA, SIMON, SPECK and PRESENT) optimized for fast computation. We also analyze the energy efficiency of these block ciphers computation in CPU and GPU, as low power consumption is crucial for the embedded system. Our experimental results show that the embedded GPU is not only able to compute block ciphers faster than conventional CPU but also consumes significantly less power.