Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of prolong sitting on hamstring flexibility on schoolchildren: An observational study

Background and Objective: Sedentary lifestyle has emanated as a new attention for research on exercise and health. Information Technology and computer technology advancement has increased the sitting time of people. People can do all their work like reading, writing and attending meetings without leaving desks. In the sitting positions biomechanics of the person also changes. When the person sits from 6 to 8 hours, he/she faces mechanical stresses which can be short term or long term. The high rate of people suffering from tight, inflexible hamstrings is related to occupations that require sitting for long hours. Hamstring tightness occurs in early childhood and it tends to increase with age. Methods: 200 schoolchildren with age of 10-15 years were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria from various schools of Kamrej. Demographic data and consent were taken and straight leg raise test and Active knee extension test were performed. The degree of hip and knee joint were measured by using universal goniometer. Results: Data were analyzed by using SPSS software 15.00 by t-test which showed significant effect in SLR and AKET in school children due to prolong sitting on hamstring flexibility. Conclusion: The effect of prolong sitting can affect hamstring flexibility in schoolchildren.
3D Photography Based Neural Network Craniosynostosis Triaging System

Craniosynostosis (synostosis) is a serious disease where the sutures of a new-born’s skull fuse prematurely leading to debilitating head shape deformities. Due to the seriousness of this condition many normal infants and those with benign head shape abnormalities are referred to pediatric craniofacial plastic surgeons, leading to a high referral burden and delays in diagnosis for patients. A diagnostic delay beyond 4 months of age excludes patients from being treated with minimally invasive endoscopic procedures, leading to higher risk open surgeries. Machine learning (ML) image classiﬁers can enhance the triaging process of these referrals through the use of 3D images taken by a multi-camera & angle setup during patient visits. In doing so, children with syn-ostosis can be identiﬁed earlier, qualifying them for less invasive endoscopic surgical intervention. After training a variety of
Nitrogen form affects yield and taste of tomatoes

Different nitrogen forms in organic or mineral fertilizers affect yield, quality and taste of tomatoes. Tomato plants were grown in a greenhouse for 10 weeks and fertilized with two different organic fertilizers (manure or grass and clover mulch) or with three different mineral nutrient solutions (NO3−:NH4+) ratios 4:1 or 1:4). In an attempt to mimic the nutrient supply of the organic production systems, mineral fertilizers with ammonium as the dominating N-source were combined with two chloride levels. Total nitrogen supply was 650 mg N plant−1 week−1 in all treatments. There was no difference in the yield of red tomatoes between the treatments (mean 1.95 kg FW plant−1). However, the yield of green tomatoes at the final harvest was significantly higher in the mineral nutrient treatments (mean 1.37 kg FW plant−1) compared with the organic treatments (mean 0.88 kg FW plant−1). Plant biomass was higher for the mineral nutrient treatments (mean 1.05 kg FW plant−1) compared with the organic treatments (0.89 kg and 0.72 kg FW plant−1 in the manure and the grass and clover mulch treatments, respectively). Significantly higher scores were achieved for sweetness, acidity, flavour and acceptance for the tomatoes grown with the organic or the ammonium-dominated treatments compared with the tomatoes grown with the nitrate dominated nutrient solution. It is suggested that ammonium is an equivalent nitrogen source for tomato plants compared with nitrate and that, when tomato plants are supplied with reduced nitrogen forms such as ammonium or organic nitrogen, an improved tomato fruit taste can be observed. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
A COMPARISON OF HEDONIC AND UTILITARIAN DIGITAL PRODUCTS BASED ON CONSUMER EVALUATION AND TECHNOLOGY FRUSTRATION

This study explores how hedonic mobile applications (apps) compare to utilitarian apps in consumer evaluation. We posit that achieving a set of passionate consumers is a pre-cursor to product success in markets, whereas technology frustration is a negative hindrance to the product success. Also, we argue that technology frustration may act as a negative complementing factor to consumer passion , and this effect is higher for hedonic products than utilitarian products. We contextualize our study to the android apps, and used a dataset that tracked 19,121 apps in the android market for three months and coded our variables from this dataset. We conducted empirical analysis and found support for our hypotheses. This study contributes to the information systems and marketing literature in providing a new dimension associated with consumer evaluation of digital products, and draws evaluative comparisons between hedonic and utilitarian digital products.
Demand Response Management Algorithm for Distributed Multi-Utility Environment in Smart Grid

Effective usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has started with a paradigm shift in the energy management and functioning of the conventional power grid. It also aids in the maintenance of the complete information about consumer usage pattern, power storage, supply and regulation. Blending of information and communication technologies with energy management creates a smart grid environment which makes it move to the next horizon. The smart grid environment, uplifts renewable energy sources and brings out novel strategies in the energy market. The new functioning of the energy market attracts more utility companies for decentralized power generation and optimizes the power price for the consumer. The consumer plays an active role in the demand response modelling to maximize the welfare of the utility and to obtain the optimized price for their demand. In this paper, a novel demand response management scheme is proposed for multi-utility environment. The utility companies function in a peer to peer manner to communicate effectively and to select a specific utility from a set of utilities for the power supply. The selection of single utility is based on a non-cooperative game theory algorithm where the demand and generated power should be balanced to maximize the welfare of the utility and the residential consumers. The power price can be updated in an equal interval to allow all the utilities to participate in the Distributed Multi-Utility Demand Response Management (DMDRM) system. The simulated results justify that the distributed noncooperative game theory algorithm certainly maximizes the welfare of the utility companies and residential consumers.
Preparation of multifunctional microchannel-network graphene foams

A novel type of multifunctional three-dimensional (3D) microchannel-network graphene foams (μCNGFs) has been facilely fabricated by using an alumina fiber blanket (AFB) template. The μCNGF with reticular space structures showed an excellent electrochemical property for electrochemical double-layer capacitors with a specific capacitance of as high as 216 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 in a two-electrode system. Adsorption tests of various liquids further proved the outstanding adsorbing features of the μCNGF such as fast and efficient adsorption of liquids and repeatable recyclability for petrol. Results indicated that the μCNGF has unique advantages as a novel type of electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors and is well qualified as an efficient and versatile absorber of hazardous organic liquids with potential applications in diverse industrial and environmental areas.
Internet of Things (IoT) based Health Monitoring

: The chapter gives a brief introduction of the technological standards, challenges and open research areas in internet of things (IoT) based health monitoring. In particular, low energy implementation, signal processing and machine learning challenges, communication constraint and security concerns have been reviewed. This is a growing field of research both in academia and in industry and timely topic for focussed cross-disciplinary research to address the electronic and remote healthcare challenges
The electronic properties of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) derivatives and their monomers and oligomers

The electronic structures of monomers, oligomers and polymers of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) derivatives are calculated and analysed based on density functional theory (DFT) methods. The influences of different substituent groups on the band gaps are discussed. Strong relationships are found between band-gap and bond length alternation (BLA) of polymers, and between band-gap and Wiberg bond index (WBI). Analysis of nuclear independent chemical shift (NICS) reveals that oligomers with similar energy gaps have close values of NICS.
Echo Chambers on Social Media: A Systematic Review of the Literature

There have been growing concerns regarding the potential impact of social media on democracy and public debate. While some theorists have claimed that ICTs and social media would bring about a new independent public sphere and increase exposure to political divergence, others have warned that they would lead to polarization through the formation of echo chambers. The issue of social media echo chambers is both crucial and widely debated. This article attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the scientific literature on this issue, shedding light on the different approaches, their similarities, differences, benefits, and drawbacks, and offering a consolidated and critical perspective that can hopefully support future research in this area. Concretely, it presents the results of a systematic review of 55 studies investigating the existence of echo chambers on social media, providing a first classification of the literature and identifying patterns across the studies’ foci, methods and findings. We found that conceptual and methodological choices influence the results of research on this issue. Most importantly, articles that found clear evidence of echo chambers on social media were all based on digital trace data. In contrast, those that found no evidence were all based on self-reported data. Future studies should take into account the possible biases of the different approaches and the significant potential of combining self-reported data with digital trace data.
Focusing on the alveolar epithelium: Alveolar fluid clearance in ciffuse versus focal ARDS

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Focusing on the alveolar epithelium: Alveolar fluid clearance in ciffuse versus focal ARDS Antoine Monsel, Carolyn S. Calfee
COPD_A_244925 1103..1110

Sang Hee Lee 1,2 Haejung Lee Yun Seong Kim 4 Hye-Kyung Park 5,6 Min Ki Lee Ki Uk Kim 1Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo-si, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Nursing, Pusan National University College of Nursing, Yangsan-si, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan-si, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; 6Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea Background: Disease-specific knowledge is associated with outcomes of patients, but the knowledge level of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients is known to be low. Objective: We measured the level of disease-specific knowledge and defined factors associated with poor disease knowledge in COPD patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in five hospitals in South Korea. At enrolment, all patients completed the Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQ), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The data were analyzed via linear regression to identify factors associated with low-level knowledge of COPD. Results: A total of 245 COPD patients were enrolled in this study. The mean total BCKQ score was 28.1 (SD, 7.4). The lowest scores were seen for items exploring knowledge of “Oral steroids” and “Inhaled steroids”. In univariate analysis, higher level of education (r = 0.17), low income (r = 0.13), the post-bronchodilator FEV1, % predicted (r = −0.24), the postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio (r = −0.13), SWLS (r = 0.15), PRQ (r = 0.16), SF-36 MCS (r = 0.13), HADS-A (r = −0.17), and HADS-D (r = −0.28) scores correlatedwith the BCKQ score (all p < 0.05). FEV1 (r = −0.25, p < 0.001) and HADS-D score (r = −0.29, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the total BCKQ score in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Our Korean patients with COPD lacked knowledge on oral and inhaled steroid treatments. In particular, patients with higher-level lung function and/or depressive symptoms exhibited poorer disease-specific knowledge; such patients may require additional education.
ADH-catalysed hexanol oxidation with fully integrated NADH regeneration performed in microreactors connected in series

Hexanal is produced by the oxidation of hexanol using NADH dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Coenzyme, NADH regeneration is needed in order to make the ADH-catalysed process more sustainable. In this investigation, the coenzyme regeneration was catalysed by the same enzyme, ADH, which catalysed the main reaction, i.e., the oxidation of hexanol. Different sources of ADH were studied (suspended and immobilized enzyme ADH and permeabilized baker's yeast cells) to find the optimal catalyst. The best results were obtained by using suspended enzyme, where 100% conversion of the coenzyme was achieved with a very short residence time (τ = 0.8 s). The final phase of investigation was development of an integrated system with two microreactor chips connected in series. The first chip was used for hexanol oxidation and the second for the simultaneous coenzyme regeneration. Regenerated coenzyme was reused by recirculation in to the first chip, where the oxidation step was continuously performed for three days without the need for the addition of fresh coenzyme.
Bilateral Teleoperation With Adaptive Impedance Control for Contact Tasks

This letter presents an adaptive impedance control architecture for robotic teleoperation of contact tasks featuring continuous interaction with the environment. We use Learning from Demonstration (LfD) as a framework to learn variable stiffness control policies. Then, the learnt state-varying stiffness is used to command the remote manipulator, so as to adapt its interaction with the environment based on the sensed forces. Our system only relies on the on-board torque sensors of a commercial robotic manipulator and it does not require any additional hardware or user input for the estimation of the required stiffness. We also provide a passivity analysis of our system, where the concept of energy tanks is used to guarantee a stable behavior. Finally, the system is evaluated in a representative teleoperated cutting application. Results show that the proposed variable-stiffness approach outperforms two standard constant-stiffness approaches in terms of safety and robot tracking performance.
Evaluation of Antioxidant activity and Phenolic contents of Kinnow mandarin leaf extracts

Kinnow mandarin is a major citrus fruit crop in India. This study was designed to evaluate Total Phenol content (TPC), Total Flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of vegetative and fruit associated leaves extracts of Kinnow at three different times of the year. The results revealed variation in all three parameters chosen: total phenol, flavonoid content as well as antioxidant capacity between vegetative and fruit associated leaves and during different time periods of the study.The TPC and TFC were highest for fruit associated leaf phase II (9.49 ± 0.075 GAE /g dw and 7.74 ± 0.125 QE mg /g dw respectively) whereas antioxidant activity 31.49 ± 0.025 mg AA/g dw was highest for fruit associated leaves phase I extracts. The TPC,TFC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity among the leaf extracts of Kinnow indicated that some non- phenolic components also contributed to the total antioxidant activity in Kinnow leaves extracts examined in the present investigation. To the best of our information, this is the first experiment presenting comprehensive data on TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity for Kinnow leaf extracts. The study further envisaged that the Kinnow leaves may be important sources of antioxidant for food and pharmaceutical industries.
Determination of “inorganic” arsenic(III) and arsenic(V), “methylarsenic” and “dimethylarsenic” species by selective hydride evolution atomic-absorption spectroscopy

A technique for the determination of “inorganic” arsenic(III) and arsenic(V), “methylarsenic” and “dimethylarsenic” species is described which is based on the trapping of arsines and selective volatilisation into a heated quartz atomiser tube situated in the optical path of an atomic-absorption spectrometer. Improved reproducibility is obtained by the use of a continuous flow reduction stage and detection limits are approximately 0.25 ng (based on twice the standard deviation of 10 blank measurements). For a typical sample volume of 10 ml this corresponds to a detection limit of 0.025 ng ml–1 of arsenic. Interferences were investigated and depression of results was observed in the presence of silver(I), gold(III), chromium(VI), iron(II), iron(III), germanium(IV), molybdenum(VI), antimony(III), antimony(V), tin(II), manganese(VII) and nitrite. Various approaches to overcoming such interferences were investigated, and for general use masking with EDTA is advocated. The choice of extraction procedures for speciation analysis is discussed.
Effects of Temperature on Cyclohexane Raman Bands

The temperature dependence of 14 bands in the liquid cyclohexane Raman spectrum was determined from 229 Raman spectra collected over a temperature range of 7 to 73 °C. The changes in band position, width, and area are large enough to significantly affect quantitative analysis using Raman spectroscopy. For example, band area ratios for neat cyclohexane change by as much as 25% over a 60 °C temperature range. Mechanisms for the temperature dependence are discussed.
Features of the relationship between cardiointervalographic indices and constitutional characteristics in highly skilled mesomorphic somatotype wrestlers

Mechanisms of regulation of cardiac rhythm have many individual features, which are conditioned by age, sex, training of the organism, strength and nature of external influence, constitutional features of the organism. The purpose of the work is to determine the relationship between cardiointervalographic indices and parameters of the external structure of the body in highly skilled wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype. The study involved 24 wrestlers between the ages of 17 and 21 with a high level of sportsmanship and more than 3 years of experience. All of the wrestlers were of medium weight and engaged in free and Greco-Roman wrestling. We conducted a study of heart rate variability on the cardiac computer diagnostic complex "OPTW" following the recommendations of the European and North American Cardiac Association (1996). The indices of vegetative homeostasis according to Bayevsky, variational heart rate, statistical and spectral cardiointervalographic indicators were determined. Anthropometry was performed according to the method of V.V. Bunak (1941), somatotypological study by the calculated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990), determination of the component composition of body weight by the method of Matejko (1992). In the package "STATISTICA 5.5" correlation analysis was performed using the nonparametric Spearman statistical method. It was found that in the wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype, the variations of the pulsometry had the highest number and strength of reliable correlations with constitutional parameters, most of which were inverse of the mean force. All statistical indicators of heart rate variability with indicators of the external structure of the body had only inverse significant correlations. The least significant correlations were found for spectral indices and parameters of vegetative homeostasis. According to the results of the correlation analysis in the wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype, we can assume that with the increase of total, longitudinal, circumferential, transverse body sizes and muscle and bone mass, the variability of the heart rhythm of the sympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system will be more pronounced.
The Measurement and Significance of pH in Paper Conservation

AbstractThe conservator faced with the need to assess the acidity of a paper support cannot resort to the more rigorous cold extraction methods. The surface electrode permits the non-destructive measurement of pH. The resultant data, however, must be interpreted with caution since the nature of the paper support and any additive materials will have a profound effect on the measured pH.It is further noted that extreme care must attend the conditioning of the surface electrode prior to measurement. Conditioning is optimum when the electrode is immersed in a buffer of pH near that of a test reading, of the paper surface.
Deactivation of A549 cancer cells in vitro by a dielectric barrier discharge plasma needle

An inactivation mechanism study on A549 cancer cells by means of a dielectric barrier discharge plasma needle is presented. The neutral red uptake assay provides a quantitative estimation of cell viability after plasma treatment. Experimental results show that the efficiency of argon plasma for the inactivation process is very dependent on power and treatment time. A 27 W power and 120 s treatment time along with 900 standard cubic centimeter per minute Ar flow and a nozzle-to-sample separation of 3 mm are the best parameters of the process. According to the argon emission spectra of the plasma jet and the optical microscope images of the A549 cells after plasma treatment, it is concluded that the reactive species (for example, OH and O) in the argon plasma play a major role in the cell deactivation.
2 Modeling Framework and Problem Statement

Safety against thermal failures is crucial in battery systems. Real-time thermal diagnostics can be a key enabler of such safer batteries. Thermal fault diagnostics in large format pouch or prismatic cells pose additional challenges compared to cylindrical cells. These challenges arise from the fact that the temperature distribution in large format cells is at least two-dimensional in nature (along length and breadth) while such distribution can be reasonably approximated in one dimension (along radial direction) in cylindrical cells. This difference makes the placement of temperature sensor(s) non-trivial and the design of detection algorithm challenging. In this work, we address these issues by proposing a framework that (i) optimizes the sensor locations to improve detectability and isolability of thermal faults, and (ii) designs a filtering scheme for fault detection and localization based on a two dimensional thermal model. The proposed framework is illustrated by experimental and simulation studies on a commercial battery cell.