Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Low-Profile Beam-Steering Reflectarray With Integrated Leaky-Wave Feed and 2-Bit Phase Resolution for Ka-Band SatCom

A novel reflectarray (RA) with ultralow-profile and 2-bit phase quantization beam-steering ability is presented in this article. To reduce the profile, a Leaky-wave feed is used to excite the RA with enhanced illumination efficiency. Moreover, simultaneous sum and difference patterns are also obtained to provide beam flexibility. The entire thickness of the proposed RA is less than 3% of that of the conventional front-fed RA with the same aperture. To increase the efficiency of the RA, a novel unit cell consisting of a polarizer layer and a reflection layer is developed, which is configured to provide polarization rotation and 2-bit phase shifts by using a hybrid of tunable polarization and discrete resonator. The operation principle, theoretical explanation, and implementation of the proposed antenna are elaborated in this work. To prove the design concept and beam scanning performance, an array with $9 \times 7$ unit cells operating at Ka-band is designed and simulated first. Two-dimensional beam scanning within the range of ±30° has been verified. Then, a passive prototype with $9\,\,\times67$ unit cells is designed, fabricated, and measured. Experimental results show aperture efficiency of 35.1% and illumination efficiency of 43.4%. The developed RA is scalable, and it provides a viable low-cost solution to develop low-profile, high-gain and beam-steering array antennas for satellite applications.
Ambidextrous selling: a systematic review and synthesis of theories, themes, and methodologies

Abstract Since its inception in the field of organizational learning, ambidexterity has now evolved as a ubiquitous phenomenon, permeating all functional units of an organization. Over the last several years, the investigation of ambidexterity in personal selling and sales management has gained much scholarly attention. This paper aims to conduct a systematic review and synthesize the literature on ambidextrous selling. In doing so, we begin with defining ambidexterity at both organizational and individual levels and delineate the interplay between them. Then, we present and discuss key theories that underpin ambidextrous selling, followed by an in-depth analysis of different themes related to selling ambidexterity. Next, we outline the methodological advancements in ambidextrous selling research. The paper concludes by synthesizing different dimensions of ambidextrous selling as interrelated and overlapping activities that salespeople perform in their daily routines.
Examining the structural relationships among e-learning interactivity, uncertainty avoidance, and perceived risks of COVID-19: Applying extended technology acceptance model

ABSTRACT Although e-learning has been studied in different contexts, the intention to use e-learning during the Corona virus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has yet to be explored. This study extends the technology acceptance model (TAM) by treating e-learning interactivity as the antecedent construct of TAM. The constructs of uncertainty avoidance and perceived risks of COVID-19 were also added to understand the attitude and behavioral intentions of students to use e-learning. Two hundred and eighty-eight students from India participated in this study and partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that e-learning offers a high level of interactivity, which influences perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness and enhances a positive attitude of the students. Perceived ease of use was directly found to influence the perceived usefulness of e-learning. Uncertainty avoidance had a positive effect on attitude and intention to use e-learning. Perceived risks of COVID-19 showed a positive and significant effect on attitude, whereas the former did not affect intention to use e-learning. Finally, attitude also influenced intention to use e-learning. Our findings provide academia with theoretical implications and practitioners with practical implications.
Glacial landscape configuration influences channel response to flooding

The influence of glaciation‐induced watershed configuration on channel response to flooding remains a topic of comparatively little research despite the prevalence of paraglacial landscapes. This study examines the response of Guichon Creek, a 1,200 km2 catchment in the southern interior of British Columbia, to major flood events during consecutive freshets with return periods of 20–40 years. The glacial history of the Guichon Creek landscape has influenced the spatial pattern of sediment availability to the channel, with erosion of thick glaciofluvial deposits located adjacent to the mainstem channel leading to extensive destabilization of downstream reaches. Over the two flood events, Guichon Creek widened by a factor of eight, but only downstream of sediment sources. Where sediment was not available to enter the channel, major changes in width were not observed. At least 163,000 ± 83,000 m3 and 73,890 ± 11,752 m3 of sediment entered the stream channel during the 2017 and 2018 freshets, respectively, representing an input more than 200 times the mean annual transport capacity. Between 40% and 60% of this sediment was of a sufficient caliber to be transported as bedload. While aggradation and degradation exceeding several meters in depth was observed at some sites, net increase in storage was small, indicating substantial sediment export. Specific patterns of channel change downstream of sediment input sites correspond to gradients in stream power. We present a conceptual model contrasting profile form, sediment availability, and transport capacity between a previously glaciated and a non‐glaciated basin of similar size and relief. These findings illustrate the broad implications of glacial landscape history on channel response to flooding, and have direct implications for river management, particularly as it pertains to channel stability and aquatic habitat.
The Nexus between Teaching Practice and PGCE Student-Teachers: The Perceptions of Subject Mentors on Pre-Teachers' Readiness for Teaching Career

Teaching practice is critical to teacher education as it provides the pre-service teachers with practical experience of professional responsibilities and classroom practices, which are basic foundations for their choice of teaching as a profession or career. It is mandatory for pre-service teachers to experience teaching practice as a requirement in teacher education to acquire practical teaching competence in schools. Students in teaching practice are required to be mentored by their subject teachers in the schools. Thus this study investigates subject mentors’ perceptions of Post Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) students’ teaching practice lived experiences to determine their readiness for professional classroom practices. Competence and readiness to teach are inseparable because the latter demonstrates the skills which pre-service teachers display when delivering certain aspects of their teaching. Hence teaching is incomplete without teaching practice. Five subject mentors who were mentoring PGCE student teachers were purposively selected and engaged in semi-structured interviews for the data collection for this study. Content analysis was used to identify themes and analyse the data. The findings revealed, among others, that PGCE student teachers do not have adequate pedagogical content knowledge. Based on the findings, the study, therefore, recommends that the training for PGCE students has to be increased from one year to two years to acquire the appropriate knowledge and skills.
Correlations among Ultrasonographic, Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Pectoralis Major Muscles in Turkeys Reared in a Sustainable Farming System

Simple Summary One of the challenges of the contemporary poultry industry is to obtain reliable information on meat quality throughout the entire production cycle. Previous studies have shown that computerized analysis of the ultrasonographic images in live birds is a promising method to predict certain characteristics of skeletal muscles. In the present study, the left pectoralis major muscle was scanned just before slaughter in forty-five meat-type turkeys reared in an organic farm. Physicochemical and sensory attributes of the pectoral muscles were determined after slaughter using validated laboratory and analytical methods. There were several significant correlations among ultrasonographic image attributes and physical/sensory characteristics of pectoralis major muscles in the turkeys of the present study, but the moisture content was the only chemical trait associated with ultrasound images. The strongest overall correlation was between pixel heterogeneity obtained in the muscles examined in an oblique plane and aroma. The occurrence and strength of quantitative correlations among ultrasound image characteristics in situ and post-mortem traits of turkeys’ breast are clearly affected by a scanning plane. Computerized analysis of pectoral muscle ultrasonograms provides information on several characteristics that are indicative of meat quality and hence could be potentially used in commercial settings and breed development programs. Abstract This study set out to examine associations among echotextural, physicochemical and sensory attributes of the pectoralis major muscles in 17-week-old organic turkeys (B.U.T. Big-6) varying in the amount of wheat and oat grain in daily feed rations (Group C: complete feed only; Group Exp1: 5–30% of wheat and 0–20% of oat; and Group Exp2: 5–50% of wheat and 0–50% of oat; n = 15 turkeys/group). Digital ultrasonograms of the left pectoral muscle in four different planes (longitudinal-L, transverse-T, and two oblique planes-O1 and O2) were obtained with a 5.0-MHz linear-array transducer just before slaughter. Mean numerical pixel intensity (MPI) and pixel heterogeneity (MPH) of the muscle parenchyma were computed using the ImageProPlus® analytical software. Ten significant correlations between echotextural attributes and various meat characteristics were recorded in Group C, one in Group Exp1, and eight in Group Exp2. When data were pooled for all birds studied, there were twelve significant correlations (p < 0.05); all but one correlation (between MPH and moisture) were for physical and sensory characteristics of meat samples. Computer-assisted analysis is a potential method to determine moisture as well as physical (e.g., coloration) and sensory (e.g., aroma) characteristics of pectoralis major muscles in organic turkeys.
From Birth to Three: Exploring Educators’ Understandings of Agency

The Early Years Learning Framework promotes the need to recognise children’s participation rights and for educators to be responsive to and promote child agency. This study explored how infant and toddler educators understand agency, and what role they ascribe to themselves in infants’ and toddlers’ realisation of agency. Research was undertaken in early childhood settings in Brisbane, Australia. Interviews and reflection activities were conducted with 15 educators working with children under three years, and responses coded through thematic analysis. Participants provided some working definitions of agency and examples of supporting children’s agency in their everyday practices. However, responses largely revealed confusion and limited understandings of agency. Through engaging a critical feminist paradigm, a connection between the status provided to infant–toddler educators, and the impact upon their knowledge and practice is proposed, and recommendations put forward for increased opportunities relating to birth to three pedagogy.
Effects of Luxury Brand Attachment and Perceived Envy on Schadenfreude: Does Need for Uniqueness Moderate?

Purpose This study aims to investigate how luxury brand attachment (LBA) and perceived envy may influence schadenfreude. In addition, the moderating influence of consumers’ need for uniqueness (CNFU) and private vs public consumption is examined. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a consumer panel in Australia. A total of 365 valid and useable responses were analysed through structural equation modelling in AMOS 26. Findings The results show that LBA has a significant impact on perceived envy. Consumers’ perceived envy also results in schadenfreude. However, LBA did not have any significant impact on schadenfreude. The moderating influence of CNFU is partially supported. This research further confirms that consumers’ public consumption has more relevance to visible social comparison and potential feelings of malicious envy towards others. Practical implications The research model may work as a strategic tool to identify, which group of consumers (e.g. high vs low attachment) displays stronger envy and schadenfreude. Brand managers can also explore the personality traits and psychological dynamics that influence the consumers to express emotional bonds and malicious joy within the context of consumer-brand relationships. Originality/value This is one of the first few studies that have examined the relationships amongst consumers’ brand attachment, perceived envy, schadenfreude and need for uniqueness within a luxury branding context.
Traditional Variables and Umbilical Cord Management among Mothers in Calabar Education Zone, Cross River State, Nigeria

This study investigates the influence of traditional variables on umbilical cord management among nursing mothers in Calabar Education Zone, Cross River State. Two research questions were answered in the study. The survey design was adopted for this study. The sample size of 748 nursing mothers that delivered within six months, currently obtaining postnatal health care services was drawn from a population of 1,068 nursing mothers in the area of study. “Traditional Variables and Umbilical Cord Management Questionnaire (CVUCMQ)” was used for data collection. Cronbach Alpha method was used to analyse the data with reliability estimates for the variable ranging from . 81 to . 88. The first finding indicates that traditional beliefs affect neonatal umbilical cord management by nursing mothers. The second finding of this study shows the influence of traditional practices on neonatal umbilical cord management by nursing mothers in Southern Cross River State. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the impact of traditional beliefs and practices are the strong traditional variables that nursing mothers and health care workers must pay due attention to ensure effective delivery of quality patient care. The study recommended among others that there should be forums to address traditional rulers and their cabinets on the dangers of unhealthy traditional beliefs and practices surrounding umbilical cord management.
Weather Patterns Driving Atmospheric Rivers, Santa Ana Winds, Floods, and Wildfires During California Winters Provide Evidence for Increasing Fire Risk

Floods caused by atmospheric rivers and wildfires fanned by Santa Ana winds are common occurrences in California with devastating societal impacts. Planning for these types of events is critical to protect life and property, and extending the lead-times of predictability for these types of events improves emergency response. A better understanding of linkages between large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns and extreme weather represents an important step towards improving predictability and preparedness on subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) timescales and for climate change adaptation. In this work, we show that winter weather variability in California, including the occurrence of extreme and impactful events, is linked to four atmospheric circulation regimes over the North Pacific Ocean previously named and identified as the “NP4 modes”. These modes interact on daily timescales to produce recurring winter weather patterns that are major drivers of atmospheric river landfalls, Santa Ana winds, floods, and wildfires. Many recent California natural hazard events resulted from compounding and cascading extremes including frequent atmospheric river landfalls (wet, fuel-producing years) or lack thereof (drought) and followed by Sana Ana-driven wildfires that render the landscape susceptible to hydrologic hazards posed by short-duration high-intensity precipitation events. This historical perspective of atmospheric circulation and impacts over 70 years reveals that weather patterns are changing in a way that enhances wildfire risk in California, while the frequency of weather patterns linked to historical floods is not diminishing. These changes highlight the rising hazards of compounding weather extremes in California’s present and future.
Eocene to Oligocene vegetation and climate in the Tasmanian Gateway region controlled by changes in ocean currents and pCO2

Abstract. Considered as one of the most significant climate reorganisations of the Cenozoic period, the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT; ca. 34.44–33.65) is characterised by global cooling and the first major glacial advance on Antarctica. While in the southern high-latitudes, the EOT cooling is primarily recorded in the marine realm, the extent and effect on terrestrial climate and vegetation is poorly documented. Here, we present a new, well-dated, continuous, high-resolution palynological (sporomorph) data and quantitative sporomorph-based climate estimates recovered from the East Tasman Plateau (ODP Site 1172) to reconstruct climate and vegetation dynamics from the late Eocene (37.97 Ma) to early Oligocene (33.06 Ma). Our results indicate three major climate transitions and four vegetation communities occupying Tasmania under different precipitation and temperature regimes: (i) a warm-temperate Nothofagus-Podocarpaceae dominated rainforest with paratropical elements from 37.97–37.52 Ma; (ii) cool-temperate Nothofagus dominated rainforest with secondary Podocarpaceae rapidly expanding and taking over regions previously occupied by the warmer taxa between 37.306–35.60 Ma; (iii) fluctuation between warm temperate – paratropical taxa and cool temperate forest from 35.50–34.49 Ma, followed by a cool phase across the EOT (34.30–33.82 Ma); (iv) post-EOT (earliest Oligocene) recovery characterised by a warm-temperate forest association from 33.55–33.06 Ma. Coincident with changes in stratification of water masses and sequestration of carbon from surface water in the Southern Ocean, our sporomorph-based temperature estimates between 37.52 Ma and 35.60 Ma (phase ii) showed 2–3 °C terrestrial cooling. The unusual fluctuation between warm and cold temperate forest between 35.50 to 34.59 Ma is suggested to be linked to the initial deepening of the Tasmanian Gateway allowing eastern Tasmania to come under the influence of warm water associated with the proto-Leeuwin Current (PLC). Further to the above, our terrestrial data show mean annual temperature declining by about 2 °C across the EOT before recovering in the earliest Oligocene. This phenomenon is synchronous with regional and global cooling during the EOT and linked to declining pCO2. However, the earliest Oligocene climate rebound along eastern Tasmania is linked to transient recovery of atmospheric pCO2 and sustained deepening of the Tasmanian Gateway, promoting PLC throughflow. The three main climate transitional events across the studied interval (late Eocene–earliest Oligocene) in the Tasmanian Gateway region suggest that changes in ocean circulation due to accelerated deepening of the Tasmanian Gateway may not have been solely responsible for the changes in terrestrial climate and vegetation dynamics, but a series of regional and global events, including a change in stratification of water masses, sequestration of carbon from surface waters, and changes in pCO2 may have played vital roles.
Production of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis Enriched in β-Glucans through Phosphorus Limitation

(1) Background: Arthrospira (commonly known as Spirulina) is an edible cyanobacterium that is produced worldwide as a food supplement owing to its high nutritional value. Arthrospira displays strong potential as an important ingredient in the development of novel functional foods. Polysaccharides from Arthrospira are biologically active compounds and hence there is interest in producing biomass rich in carbohydrates. (2) Methods: A. platensis was cultivated under different degrees of phosphorus limitation in order to trigger the accumulation of carbohydrates. The biomass was then characterized in terms of its content of α- and β-glucans, total dietary fiber and monosaccharide profile. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for the rapid analysis of the main biomass components. (3) Results: Phosphorus limitation resulted in an increase in carbohydrates (from 23% up to 65% dry biomass) of which 4–12% (in relation to the dry biomass) was α-glucans and 20–34% was 1.3:1.6 β-glucans, while 1.4:1.6 β-glucans were not detected. Total dietary fibers ranged from 20–32% (of dry biomass), whereas among the carbohydrates, the predominant monosaccharide was glucose (>95%). FTIR performed well when applied as a prediction tool for the main biomass components. (4) Conclusions: Since β-glucans are of particular interest as biologically active compounds, this study demonstrates that phosphorus-limited A. platensis could be a potential ingredient for the development of novel functional foods.
Analysis of Well Log Data for the Evaluation of Gas Sand Reservoir of Alam El-Bueib (AEB) Formation, 3G Member, Jade-8 Well, Jade Field, Matruh Basin, Egypt

The evaluation of gas reservoirs in Alam El Bueib has been dealt with through the interpretation of well log data. Alam El – Bueib (AEB) formation is monitored in Matruh basin at the Northern part of the Western Desert, Egypt encountered many gas producing reservoirs. Alam ElBueib – 3G (AEB – 3G) member was chosen for application of the presented techniques. The available well log data are in the form of Gamma Ray, Bit size, Caliper, Resistivity, Neutron, Density, Sonic and Photoelectric. The reservoir petrophysical parameters (Фeff, Sw, Bvw) besides mineralogical make up were evaluated for this member in JADE – 8 well. The gas zone represents a challenge for well log interpretation technique as they normally plotted above the standard porosity lines. A graphical technique was used to get Фeff in the zones on the ρb – ФN cross plot. The Sw Vs Ф was presented graphically on log – log plot for obtaining BVW constant lines. Line with slope unity discriminates between reservoir and non-reservoir for AEB – 3G member.
Automatic Speech Recognition Features Extraction Techniques: A Multi-criteria Comparison

Features extraction is an important step in Automatic Speech Recognition, which consists of determining the audio signal components that are useful for identifying linguistic content while removing background noise and irrelevant information. The main objective of features extraction is to identify the discriminative and robust features in the acoustic data. The derived feature vector should possess the characteristics of low dimensionality, long-time stability, nonsensitivity to noise, and no correlation with other features, which makes the application of a robust feature extraction technique a significant challenge for Automatic Speech Recognition. Many comparative studies have been carried out to compare different speech recognition feature extraction techniques, but none of them have evaluated the criteria to be considered when applying a feature extraction technique. The objective of this work is to answer some of the questions that may arise when considering which feature extraction techniques to apply, through a multicriteria comparison of different features extraction techniques using the Weighted Scoring Method. Keywords—Automatic speech recognition; feature extraction; comparative study; MFCC; PCA; LPC; DWT; WSM