Transport properties of fluids : thermal conductivity, viscosity, and diffusion coefficient

reviews general methods for predicting the transport and other physical properties of fluids such as gases and liquids. Topics covered range from the theory of corresponding states and methods for estimating the surface tension of liquids to some basic concepts of the kinetic theory of gases. Methods of estimating liquid viscosity based on the principle of additivity are also described. This volume is comprised of eight chapters and opens by presenting basic information on gases and liquids as well as intermolecular forces and constitutive and additive properties of chemical compounds. The reader is then introduced to practical methods for computing the values of physico-chemical quantities necessary for designing technological processe. Subsequent chapters focus on the surface tension of liquids and its dependence on molecular properties; the phenomenon of internal friction (viscosity) in fluids; graphical interpolation and extrapolation of liquid viscosity data; and the thermal conductivity of gases and liquids. The final two chapters examine diffusion in gases and liquids, with emphasis on the methods used for estimating the coefficients of diffusion. This book will be of interest to chemists and students and research workers in chemistry. Interactive Fortran IV Computer Programs for the Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Selected (fluids Pack) Transport Properties of Fluids Near Critical Points Jan V. Sengers 1970 The report reviews the situation concerning transport properties of fluids in the vicinity of critical points. Methods for measuring viscosity and thermal conductivity are examined and a critical assessment is presented of the experimental results. The paper covers the viscosity and thermal conductivity in binary liquid mixtures near the critical mixing point, in gases near the gas-liquid critical point and in liquid He I near the superfluid transition. The experimental results are interpreted in terms of current theoretical predictions. (Author). The Corresponding-States Principle and its Practice Hong Wei Xiang 2005-07-26 The corresponding-states principle helps the understanding and calculating of thermodynamic, transport, and surface properties of substances in various states, required by our modern lifestyle. The Corresponding-States Principle and its Practice: Thermodynamic, Transport and Surface Properties of Fluids describes the origins and applications of the principle from a universal point of view with comparisons to experimental data where possible. It uses the universal theory to explain present theories. Emphasis is on the properties of pure systems, and the corresponding-states theory can also be extended to mixtures, which are treated as pure systems. Furthermore, the author discusses current progress, and shows technicians how to derive practical equations from molecular modeling. The Corresponding-States Principle and its Practice: Thermodynamic, Transport and Surface Properties of Fluids is the ideal handbook for those in chemical science and engineering related to energy, environment, natural gas, and petroleum. * Describes the origins and applications from a universal viewpoint * Includes experimental data for comparisons * Suitable for researchers, applied engineers, and those interested in the corresponding states theory Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Individual Substances in the Critical Region book is addressed to specialists working in the field of power engineering and chemical technology for processing foodstuffs, as well as engineers, students, and researchers concerned with investigations of thermophysical properties of gases and liquids in the critical region. The foundations of modern theory of transport phenomena in the vicinity of the liquid-gas critical point and procedures for calculating viscosity and thermal conductivity, based on the theory, are presented. The relationship between equilibrium and comprehensive of the of heat and mass transfer nanofluids a critical review of past recent research projects in Emphasis placed on the fundamentals of the transport processes using particle-fluid suspensions, nanofluids. The nanofluid research examined and presented in a holistic way using a great deal of our experience with continuum mechanics, statistical thermodynamics, and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of transport processes. Using a thorough database, the experimental, analytical, and numerical advances of recent research in nanofluids critically examined and connected to past research with medium fine as well as to functional engineering systems. Promising applications and technological issues of heat/mass transfer system design with nanofluids Provides a deep scientific analysis of nanofluids using classical thermodynamics and statistical thermodynamics to explain and interpret experimental observations Presents the theory and experimental results for both thermodynamic and transport properties Examines all transport properties and transport as well as their relationships through the pertinent macroscopic Combines recent knowledge pertaining to nanofluids previous fifty years of research on particulate including research on transient flow and heat transfer of particulate suspensions holistic the dielectric constant and refractive index, in the interpretation of molecular interactions and molecular structure. The available experimental data on several nonpolar liquids and liquid mixtures are also provided. final chapters survey the nuclear relaxation and spectroscopic data in simple liquids. present experimental data relevant to transport phenomena in simple Workers and in the field of simple dense fluids find this book of great value. Many of the papers on experimental technique contain discussions on equation of state correlations. Indeed, a good deal of the experimental work is intimately tied to a mathematical description of fluid mixtures. The theoretical section presents reviews that cover the modern theory of critical phenomena, methods to correlate near critical experimental results and approaches to understanding the behavior of near critical fluids from microscopic theory. It is hoped that the scope of these reviews will provide the reader with the basis to further develop our understanding of the behavior of supercritical fluids. the most reliable methods for evaluating the transport properties of pure and as and The place particular on recent theoretical advances in our understanding of fluid transport properties in all the different regions of temperature and pressure. In addition to the important theoretical tools, the authors cover the different methods of data representation, and they follow this with a section that demonstrates the application of selected models in a range of circumstances. They then offer case studies of transport property analysis for real fluids, and the book concludes with a discussion of various international data banks and prediction packages. Advanced students of kinetic theory, as well as engineers and scientists involved with the design of process equipment or the interpretation of measurements of fluid transport properties, will find this book indispensable. was developed and used to calculate the viscosity and thermal conductivity of continuous, or polydisperse mixtures with various distributions (e.g. linear, several gaussian distributions including unsymmetric, etc.) using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD). (2) A method was developed to calculate the thermal conductivity of nonspherical (rigid) molecules using NEMD. (3) The NEMD method for thermal conductivity of nonspherical have a careful look at the contributions due to internal rotational degrees of freedom in linear compounds such as chlorine, nitrogen, etc. (4) It has long been speculated that polar fluids exhibit heat induced birefringence, i.e., the molecules will tend to align themselves along the direction of an external heat field. Using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics we were able to conclusively confirm this. (5) We completed a preliminary study of the viscosity of homonuclear diatomics and their mixtures (e.g. N2, Cl2, etc.). (6) We completed a study of the various flexibility (vibrational) effects, such as bond bending, bond stretching etc., on linear and nonlinear model triatomics. To examine these effects in our preliminary study, we looked at the pressure second virial coefficients. engineering an low-pressure transport properties of theory as a intermolecular precision of or characterizing intermolecular force law if constants are derived from experimental data, or for 65 gases thermodynamic for the superheated presented in tabular form and as a Mollier The density, thermal conductivity, viscosity, specific and surface of the metal are given by tables and charts. The methods used in determining the properties are discussed. and to fundamental to, the development of sequestration and This unique and comprehensive account will provide the experimental and theoretical background of near-equilibrium transport properties which provide the background when investigating industrial applications. Coverage includes new experimental techniques and how existing techniques have developed, new fluids eg molten metals, dense fluids, and critical enhancements of transport properties of pure substances. Practitioners and researchers in chemistry and engineering will benefit from this state of the art record of recent advances in the field of transport properties. book is concerned with the prediction of thermodynamic and transport properties of gases and liquids. The prediction of such properties is essential for the solution of many problems encountered in chemical and process engineering as well as in other areas of science and technology. The book aims to present the best of those modern methods which are capable of practical application. It begins with basic scientific principles and formal results which are subsequently developed in