Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GBOL III: DARK TAXA

Currently, around 1.4 million species of animals are known. For tropical regions, many species are still unknown, with estimates of global biodiversity ranging from five to 30 or even 100 million species. More recent studies suggest that there are about 10 million species on our planet. In contrast to the tropics, the Central European fauna is considered to be very well studied. However, specialists have mostly concentrated on less diverse and easy-to-study organisms, neglecting the species-rich, often taxonomically difficult groups, like many Diptera and Hymenoptera. This led to a mismatch between high species numbers and a small number of researchers, often referred to as the ‘taxonomic impediment’. This is most prominent for the megadiverse faunas of tropical regions. Less known is that this also applies, to some extent, for countries with a long history of taxonomic research like Germany, covering 200 or more years. For example, for the compilation of the German checklist of Hymenoptera, 32 specialists were available for 247 species of digger wasps (Crabronidae), while for parasitoid wasps of the family Ichneumonidae one specialist had to deal with 3,332 species.
Grapes Insect Detection and Monitoring using YOLOv4

The digital image processing and deep learning techniques are considerably applied to agricultural field, and it has a countless perspective, especially in the factory protection field, which eventually leads to crop operation. The idea offers a software system for the type and number of insects populated on sticky traps placed on farms. Pictures of the insects are captured by a camera and reused using image processing techniques to detect different insects and their population. Beforehand discovery of pests or the original presence of insects is a crucial- point for crop management. Damage and loss occurred by effects of insect is getting reduced by improved crop protection strategies. This impacts food security significantly. This system helps to detect insects and control them in early stage to control future problems. We're going to apply it using python libraries for image processing along with Machine learning algorithms for better accuracy.
Role of Mindfulness, Religious Coping and Serenity in Institutionalized and Non-Institutionalized Elderly

ABSTRACT The current study investigated the relationship among mindfulness, religious coping, and serenity between institutionalized and noninstitutionalized elderly. A total sample of 100 elderly participants, which included 50 institutionalized (n = 25 females, n = 25 males) and 50 noninstitutionalized (n = 25 females, n = 25 males) participants within an age range of 60–89, was selected from different institutions and homes of Lahore, Pakistan. The research instruments used include the Brief Serenity Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Religious Focused Coping Strategies Scale. Results indicated that institutionalized elderly were higher on levels of mindfulness than noninstitutionalized elderly. Also, institutionalized elderly who had the greatest age were found to be more serene than those institutionalized elderly who had the lowest age. Moreover, a significant positive relationship of mindfulness and religious coping was found with serenity. Furthermore, higher levels of religious focused coping, mindfulness, and age were found to be significant predictors of serenity. The study has its implications for the authorities and concerned caretakers of community centers for the elderly to take various steps in improving their services and enhancing well-being of the residing elderly.
Meta-analysis: An Innovative Tool for Estimating Prevalence of Livestock Diseases

Abstract Livestock diseases causes economic loss to the dairy farmers and also affects the productivity of dairy animals. There were no data on prevalence of particular diseases of livestock at state or country level. The prevalence of livestock diseases was required for prioritizing the livestock diseases for taking preventive and control measures with available scarce resources. Meta-analysis is a statistical tool used to combine various studies and estimate the prevalence of livestock diseases. This review gives the value of the meta-analysis in determining the livestock disease prevalence at different geographical area levels. This is will help the policy makers and stake holders to prioritize the livestock diseases and to make informed decision on control and preventive measures. Keywords: Random effect model, livestock diseases, anaplasmosis, meta-analysis, metacont, funnel plot Cite this Article P. Krishnamoorthy, K . P. Suresh, Parimal Roy Meta Analysis: An Innovative Tool for Estimating Prevalence of Livestock Diseases. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2020; 9(1): 4 7 p.
Hardware-In-the-Loop-Simulation of a Planar Manipulator with an Elastic Joint

This paper presents a Hardware-In-the-LoopSimulation (HILS) for a planar robot with an elastic joint. The HILS consists of a hardware part, which is an elastic joint in this research, and numerical simulation, which calculates the forward dynamics of the whole robot system. We do not need to model complex hardware systems in the numerical model by combining the real hardware and mathematical model. However, we can still design and analyze the motion of the robot system, including the effect of the intricate hardware part, before developing the real whole robot system. This paper evaluates the validity of the proposed method by comparing it with the motion of a real planar manipulator system.
Antioxidant Properties of the Extracts from Different Parts of Broccoli in Taiwan

THE FLOWERS, STEMS, AND LEAVES OF BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEA L VAR ITALICA PLENCK )CULTIVATED IN TAIWAN WERE FREEZE-DRIED AND EXTRACTED WITH METHANOL, WATER, OR ACETONE. THE ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES, INCLUDING REDUCING POWER, FERROUS ION CHELATING ABILITY, ANDΑ,Α-DIPHENYL-Β-PICRYLHYDRAZYL(DPPH)RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY, ANTI-PEROXIDATION ACTIVITIES, AND SUPEROXIDE ANION SCAVENGING ACTIVITY WERE TESTED IN THIS STUDY. THE ABOVE ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES OF BROCCOLI EXTRACTS ALONG WITH ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL AND BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE ( BHA ) WERE COMPARED. RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE METHANOL AND WATER EXTRACTS EXHIBITED A HIGHER REDUCING POWER IN ALL THREE PARTS; WHILE THE ACETONE EXTRACT WAS THE LEAST. THE STEM EXTRACTS SHOWED THE HIGHEST REDUCING POWER, WHICH WAS 1.3 TIMES THOSE ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL AND BHA EXTRACTS, FOLLOWED BY THE LEAF EXTRACTS, WHICH EXHIBITED SIMILAR REDUCING POWER TO ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL AND BHA. THE LOWEST REDUCING POWER WAS OBSERVED ON FLOWER EXTRACTS, WHICH WAS ONLY THREE FOURTH OF THE REDUCING POWER AS COMPARED TO ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL AND BHA. THE METHANOL AND WATER EXTRACTS OF BROCCOLI ALSO EXHIBITED HIGH CHELATING ABILITY; WHILE THE ACETONE EXTRACTS SHOWED THE LOWEST. THE BROCCOLI STEM EXHIBITED THE HIGHEST CHELATING ABILITY AMONG THREE PARTS OF BROCCOLI. THE ACETONE EXTRACTS FROM STEM HARDLY SHOWED ANY CHELATING ABILITY AS COMPARED TO ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL AND BHA. THE METHANOL EXTRACTS OF FLOWER SHOWED THE HIGHEST DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY (>90% ) AMONG THREE PARTS OF BROCCOLI. ITS DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY WAS CLOSE TO BHA AND ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL. THE WATER EXTRACTS SHOWED ONLY 43% DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY; WHILE THE ACETONE EXTRACTS BARELY SHOWED ANY DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY. THE ANTI-PEROXIDATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF BROCCOLI WAS IN AN ORDER OF BHA ≒ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL>FLOWER≒LEAF>STEM. IN SUPEROXIDE ANION SCAVENGING ACTIVITY, THE METHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM BROCCOLI STEMS SHOWED THE HIGHEST ACTIVITY, THE METHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM FLOWER PARTS HAD THE SECOND, THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM LEAF PARTS HAD THE LOWEST. IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE COMPONENTS WITH ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY, THE CONTENT OF ASCORBIC ACID IN THESE THREE PARTS WAS IN AN ORDER OF STEM>FLOWER>LEAF, THE CONTENT OF FLAVONOIDS WAS IN AN ORDER OF LEAF>FLOWER>STEM, THE CONTENT OF CAROTENOIDS WAS IN AN ORDER OF LEAF>FLOWER>STEM, AND THE CONTENT OF POLYPHENOL WAS IN AN ORDER OF LEAF >STEM>FLOWER.
Spin-Dependent Phenomena in Semiconductor Micro-and Nanoparticles—From Fundamentals to Applications

The present overview of spin-dependent phenomena in nonmagnetic semiconductor microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) with interacting nuclear and electron spins is aimed at covering a gap between the basic properties of spin behavior in solid-state systems and a tremendous growth of the experimental results on biomedical applications of those particles. The first part of the review represents modern achievements of spin-dependent phenomena in the bulk semiconductors from the theory of optical spin orientation under indirect optical injection of carriers and spins in the bulk crystalline silicon (c-Si)—via numerous insightful findings in the realm of characterization and control through the spin polarization—to the design and verification of nuclear spin hyperpolarization in semiconductor MPs and NPs for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostics. The second part of the review is focused on the electron spin-dependent phenomena in Si-based nanostructures, including the photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen in porous Si and design of Si NPs with unpaired electron spins as prospective contrast agents in MRI. The experimental results are analyzed by considering both the quantum mechanical approach and several phenomenological models for the spin behavior in semiconductor/molecular systems. Advancements and perspectives of the biomedical applications of spin-dependent properties of Si NPs for diagnostics and therapy of cancer are discussed.
Deciphering the Role of Stay-Green Trait to Mitigate Terminal Heat Stress in Bread Wheat

The present study aimed to reveal the impact of the stay-green trait in bread wheat under terminal heat stress. Field experiments (early and late sowing; for two consecutive years) were conducted to investigate the influence of terminal heat stress on the morpho-physiological traits in different stay-green types i.e., non-stay-green, moderately non-stay-green, moderately stay-green, and stay-green. In addition, the greenhouse experiment was performed to dissect the stay-green trait in functional stay-green, non-functional stay-green, and non-stay-green genotypes. The results of the field experiments confirmed that genotypes exhibiting the stay-green trait have a significantly high chlorophyll content, normalized difference vegetative index, grain yield, biological yield, kernel weight, and low canopy temperature under control and heat stress conditions. In the greenhouse experiment, functional stay-green and non-functional stay-green genotypes showed a high chlorophyll content and photochemical efficiency, whereas biological yield and grain yield showed a significant relation with the functional stay-green genotype under control and terminal heat stress treatments. The sequencing and expression analysis of chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CaO), light-harvesting complex (Cab), stay-green (SGR), and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase (RCCR) in functional stay-green, non-functional stay-green, and non-stay-green genotypes revealed variations in the exons of CaO and RCCR; and significant difference in the regulation of CaO and Cab at 7 days after anthesis under terminal heat stress. This study confirms that genotypes displaying the stay-green trait can aid wheat breeders to cope with increasing temperature in the impending decades.
Resolution of the Embedded Chromatographic Peaks by Modified Orthogonal Projection Resolution and Entropy Maximization Method

ABSTRACT The embedded chromatographic peaks usually can not be completely resolved by conventional multivariate resolution methods. The resolution condition of a certain component in two-way data is first reviewed. A modified orthogonal projection resolution (OPR) algorithm and new entropy maximization (EM) method are then proposed to resolve embedded chromatographic peaks in this paper. The modified OPR algorithm performs more precisely than conventional orthogonal projection resolution algorithm in resolving the chromatography of minor peak. The entropy criterion defined on the differential chromatography could obtain an approximate solution in resolution of the major chromatographic peak. Simulated and real data show that the modified OPR and entropy maximization (EM) methods perform well in solving the embedded problem.
Do Written Resources Help or Hinder Equitable and Inclusive Physical Activity Promotion?

ABSTRACT To sensitize individuals, organizations, and communities to the sociostructural barriers individuals with disabilities face, Mace et al. (1997) advanced seven principles of universal design (as cited by the Center for Excellence in Universal Design, n.d.). Each principle provides guidance on how spaces, products, and services can be developed or adapted to encourage usability by all individuals. Researchers and practitioners in adapted physical activity (APA) have worked to further extend the application of the principles of universal design into the physical domain, which helps expand opportunities for all to fully participate within exercise, sport, and physically active recreation. A less scrutinized sociostructural barrier in APA promotion is the suitability of materials used to teach adults experiencing disability ways to adapt leisure and exercise routines (Thomas & Cardinal, 2020a). However, on the basis of a recent meta-analysis (Thomas et al., 2018), knowledge of the degree suitability issues pervading materials used in routine APA promotion strategies or programs is limited. Further, it appears research has yet to gauge the prevalence of suitability issues in physical activity promotion from a broader universal design framework. These gaps in kinesiology knowledge represent fruitful lines of future research. In this essay, we present recommendations for future research toward addressing suitability knowledge gaps within APA promotion. Consistent with the call for leadership beyond college and university campuses to drive change as experts (NAKHE Newsletter, 2019, p. 4), such lines of inquiry would promote the dissemination of resources that support efforts to bring about full participation in the physical domain.
Learning from pornography: results of a mixed methods systematic review

ABSTRACT Researchers and media commentators often claim that young people are increasingly learning about sex through pornography, but evidence about this is unclear. This article reports on a mixed methods systematic review of research on pornography use for sexual learning. Ten articles were included that explicitly addressed how porn users describe the educational aspects of pornography. Thematic analysis located five key themes about ‘porn education’ in these articles: learning the mechanics of sex; learning concerning sexual identities and sexualities; inadequate information through pornography; wrong lessons from pornography; and a need for more relevant sex education. No articles attempted to measure or discuss whether people who access pornography have better (or worse) skills and knowledge about sex and sexual health than those who do not. Sex education is only discussed in relation to young people, neglecting attention to lifelong learning about sex and sexuality. According to this dataset, pornography use can offer useful information about the mechanics of sex, and this is particularly pertinent for young gay men. Many articles reveal that young people are often aware of the shortcomings of pornography as a source of information and guidance, and that improvements to sex and relationships education are necessary.
Performance Evaluation of Betweenness Centrality Using Clustering Methods

Betweenness centrality measure is used as a general measure of centrality, which can be applied in many scientific fields like social networks, biological networks, telecommunication networks or even in any area that can be well modelled using complex networks where it is important to identify more influential nodes. In this paper, we propose using different clustering algorithms to improve the computation of betweenness centrality over large networks. The experiments show how to achieve faster evaluation without altering the overall computational complexity.
A Model for Estimating Optimal Spacing of the Wolfcamp in the Delaware Basin

Proper well spacing for horizontal wells is one of the missing pieces for the Delaware Basin development in the Wolfcamp Formation. In the Wolfcamp formation in the Delaware Basin, well spacing varies with formation characteristics (rock and fluid) across the Basin. Finding the spacing intervals between horizontal wells right is crucial to maximizing productivity and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) while avoiding detrimental frac hits and cross-well pressure and fluid interference during stimulation and production. Along with the various parameters affecting development, well patterns and completion methodologies are having the highest impact. Both parameters show a significant impact on the drainage area of wells and may in turn affect optimal spacing between the wells. The model outcomes are expected to improve recovery efficiency, oil production, and minimize detrimental frac hits and cross-well pressure and fluid interference during stimulation and production. A pool of private production and spacing data were analyzed in conjunction with data analytics. This step led to a newly developed model to optimize well spacing. The work may lead to an optimal spacing for the stacked Delaware Basin, and contribute to a better understanding of infill Wolfcamp child wells relative their offset parent wells. Our model within the Wolfcamp may be applied to various sections and formations across the Permian Basin. Current workflows and spacing advisors require use of numerical reservoir simulation and fracture simulation. Drainage area, spacing, reserves, recovery factors, and fracture height and width are the main
Next-generation sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of the Piao chicken (Gallus gallus)

Abstract In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Piao chicken (Gallus gallus) was obtained by using the next-generation sequencing method for the first time. The complete mitogenome sequence of Piao chicken contains 2 ribosomal RNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and a D-loop region. This study serves as a valuable genetic resource for mitochondrial studies and can be used in understanding the maternal lineages of native chickens.
Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Ethanolic Leaves Extract and Its Different Solvent Fractions of Piper betle L. In Vitro

Various diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases are induced by free radicals via lipid peroxidation, protein peroxidation, DNA damage, and cellular degeneration in the cells. Piper betle L. , commonly called betel, belongs to the Piperaceae family. It originated from South and South East Asia, and has been used as a traditional medicine by people there due to its medicinal properties. In the present study, free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic leaves extract of Piper betle L. together with its different solvent fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water) were evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fraction had shown very significant DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity compared to the other fractions. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the IC 50 value of the ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fraction were found to be 17. 43µg/mL and 11.53 µg/mL, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity was assumed due to the total phenolic content. The total phenolic content was found to be highest in the ethanol extract (277.68 μg EGCG/mg) and the ethyl acetate fraction (559.38μg EGCG/mg). The results concluded that the ethanolic leaves extract of Piper betle L. and its ethyl acetate fraction have a considerably free radical scavenging activity. Keywords : Piper betle L. , Piperaceae, free radical scavenging, DPPH
Role of conspicuous value in luxury purchase intention

PurposeGeneration Y consumers are the key drivers for luxury market growth in the future. Yet, very few studies have been performed to understand Gen Y consumers' luxury consumption behavior, mainly in context of emerging markets like India. The main objectives of this study are first, to develop a conceptual framework which integrates the role of key variables that influence Gen Y consumers' purchase intention for luxury goods. Second, to analyze the mediating effect of attitude and subjective norm on the relationship between conspicuous value and luxury purchase intention.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through structured questionnaires from a sample of 215 Gen Y luxury fashion consumers in India. Collected data were analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Hayes Process macro in SPSS.FindingsThe findings revealed that attitude and subjective norm partially mediated the relationship between conspicuous value and luxury purchase intention. The findings also demonstrated that mediation effect significantly differs between consumers with low and high need for status as well as consumers with low and high need for uniqueness.Originality/valueThis is the first study performed to understand the mediating and moderating effect of various contextual variables (namely, attitude, subjective norm, uniqueness value and status value) on the association between conspicuous value and luxury purchase intention. This study will have important implications for both academicians and practitioners.
Asymmetrical perceptions of partisan political bots

Political bots are social media algorithms that impersonate political actors and interact with other users, aiming to influence public opinion. This study investigates the ability to differentiate bots with partisan personas from humans on Twitter. Our online experiment (N = 656) explores how various characteristics of the participants and of the stimulus profiles bias recognition accuracy. The analysis reveals asymmetrical partisan-motivated reasoning, in that conservative profiles appear to be more confusing and Republican participants perform less well in the recognition task. Moreover, Republican users are more likely to confuse conservative bots with humans, whereas Democratic users are more likely to confuse conservative human users with bots. We discuss implications for how partisan identities affect motivated reasoning and how political bots exacerbate political polarization.
Design of a Reconfigurable THz Filter Based on Metamaterial Wire Resonators with Applications on Sensor Devices

A study on the design, simulation and characterization of a reconfigurable terahertz (THz) filter, composed of two frequency-selective surfaces (FSSs) with applications on sensor devices in general and highly sensitive stress sensors, is presented in this paper. Using the developed theoretical model, we found out that by careful tuning the wire parameters, it is possible to control the filter sensitivity and also the energy transmission and reflection that passes through the structure. Numerical modelling of both the mechanical and electromagnetic components (using the elasticity equation and Maxwell’s equations, respectively) has been undertaken for two types of the device assemblies based on different thermoplastic polymers transparent to the THz radiation, namely: high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), operating in a THz window from 395 to 455 GHz. The numerical results allowed us to characterize the relation between the reflectance/transmittance and the amount of force required to obtain a specific frequency shift along that window. It was found that the device assembled with HDPE presents a more linear response and it is able to pass from a full transparency to almost full opacity using only its linear operating zone. Due to its characteristics, this THz filter might be an interesting solution not only for THz sensors based on reconfigurable filters but also for optical modulators for the THz domain.