Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Circulating current suppression strategies for D-STATCOM based on modular multilevel converters

This work focuses on the circulating current control of a STAtic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM) based on Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC). Two circulating current estimation strategies are analyzed, with focus on the converter performance improvement The conventional method to estimated the circulating current has been improved using a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) structure. The proposed strategy eliminates the third harmonic component from the circulating current through a SOGI filter. Simulated and experimental results compare both classical and proposed strategy in terms of reduction in the circulating current, dynamic behavior during reference changes and reduction in the STATCOM losses.
Acetylcarnitine and Free Carnitine in Body Fluids before and after Birth

Summary: The acetylcarnitine concentration in amniotic fluid fell significantly between 33 and 37 and 40 weeks of gestation. It was significantly higher in samples that had a low lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio. The acetylcarnitine content of tracheal fluid was higher in samples obtained from premature newborns. The major excretory form of carnitine is the acetate ester and only in adults does the urine contain significant amounts of free carnitine. The level of acetylcarnitine in plasma significantly increases after the first day of life; there was no difference in the plasma levels of carnitine between full-term and premature newborns. Plasma-free carnitine and acetylcarnitine levels were significantly lower in infants who were receiving a soybean-based formula. A positive correlation was found between the plasma level of ketone bodies and that of acetylcarnitine.Speculation: A characteristic of early postnatal adaptation in human newborns is a high dependence on the utilization of fatty acids derived from endogenous sources and increasingly from digested milk triglycerides. This essential energy-producing mechanism seems to be facilitated by carnitine, of which a considerable amount is derived from milk.
Climatic predictors of species distributions neglect biophysiologically meaningful variables

Species distribution models (SDMs) have played a pivotal role in predicting how species might respond to climate change. To generate reliable and realistic predictions from these models requires the use of climate variables that adequately capture physiological responses of species to climate and therefore provide a proximal link between climate and their distributions. Here, we examine whether the climate variables used in plant SDMs are different from those known to influence directly plant physiology.
Geometric clustering for line drawing simplification

We present a new approach to the simplification of line drawings, in which a smaller set of lines is created to represent the geometry of the original lines. An important feature of our method is that it maintains the morphological structure of the original drawing while allowing user-defined decisions about the appearance of lines. The technique works by analyzing the structure of the drawing at a certain scale and identifying clusters of lines that can be merged given a specific error threshold. These clusters are then processed to create new lines, in a separate stage where different behaviors can be favored based on the application. Successful results are presented for a variety of drawings including scanned and vectorized artwork, original vector drawings, drawings created from 3d models, and hatching marks. The clustering technique is shown to be effective in all these situations.
Smart switch (SMITCH-LB) for electricity load balancing and optimization

With the evolution and existence of a wide variety of green and non-green power sources, the idea of using a combination of two power sources simultaneously is emerging worldwide. And knowing that most green energy sources (or alternate sources) provide a lower power capacity than the main line, a smart switch is necessary to switch appliances’ power alimentation between these two sources, in order to get the maximum benefit of the power provided by the not metered alternate source. In addition, and in the case of electricity shortage on the main line, this smart switch is supposed to keep important devices ON while avoiding any over consumption on the alternate source, by shutting down some lower priority devices to lower the current consumption and fit the power offered by the alternate source. SMITCH-LB provides the above features in addition to providing the users with the possibility of overriding the automatic prioritization decision and turning on/off the devices based on their own preference. This last-mentioned feature is offered using a mobile app relying on an online service.
Evaluation of modeled and reanalysis estimates of frost depth through comparison to ground observations

Frozen soils can withstand heavy vehicle loads where the soils would otherwise be too weak. This is important as vehicle mobility models require input of the ground conditions to assess seasonal traffickability. Modeling these frost depths uses the properties of the soil along with any snow cover and air temperature data. Though weather stations with air temperature data are becoming more widespread, station density varies worldwide. Gridded reanalysis products, on the other hand, provide weather data on a global scale. Our objectives are (a) to evaluate the usefulness of reanalysis data to provide estimates of frost depth and (b) to determine the accuracy of simulated frost depths using either measured or reanalysis air temperature data. We use two one-dimensional models: a coupled heat and moisture flow model that simulates frost and thaw depths throughout the winter and a decoupled heat and moisture model that calculates the maximum frost depth. We compare frost depths determined from measured soil temperatures at stations in North Dakota and Minnesota and reanalysis frost depths with modeled values using both station and reanalysis air temperature data. Modeled frost depths depend more strongly on the depth and density of the snow layer than on the soil properties. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR. ERDC/CRREL TR-19-3 iii
A new tool for comparison and evaluation of medical images

A new tool has been developed for comparison and evaluation of medical images based on image registration and edge detection algorithms. The tool performance has been demonstrated on the processing of the ortopantomograms taken before and after treatment. The accuracy of the performance has been discussed and the possible origins of tool performance errors have been explained. The results obtained using presented tool have been discussed by an expert. The expert has confirmed that the tool is well suited for comparison and evaluation of ortopantomograms. The expert has come to the conclusion that our tool can be useful in other specializations of dentistry, not only in orthodontics.
Study of surface treatment effects on the metal-CdZnTe interface

The quality of a CdZnTe-based X-ray detector is highly related to the interface between semiconductor and metal contact. One of the factors that increase leakage currents in CdZnTe based X-Ray detectors is the presence of a conductive surface layer. In this paper the result of the passivation of the CdZnTe surface by means of an aqueous etching solution of NH4F/H2O2 is studied by optical ellipsometry and by the current-voltage characteristics of gold contacts deposited on the etched surface. Collected data show that leakage currents can be reduced and contact stability improved by the combined use of the passivation layer and a guard ring.
Ecuaciones estructurales en los modelos educativos: características y fases en su construcción

In this article, the characteristics and construction phases of the structural equation models are presented, a useful statistical methodology to study causal relationships through non-experimental information, specifically when the relations are of the linear type. We adopt the strategy of model development through the use of systems of structural equations, in which a model is proposed and the purpose is to improve it through the modification of its structure or its measurements. The maximum likelihood method was used to obtain the common factors. The proposal was made based on the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model. The results obtained from the factorial analysis where user satisfaction was analyzed when they use a Learning Management System to support their face-to-face classes at the Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, indicate that there is a strong correlation between the parameters of the TPACK model and the satisfaction of the students, not with the socio-cultural factors. Nor is there a correlation between sociocultural factors and student satisfaction. The importance of this research is the contribution of a model that allows us to determine the satisfaction of students through the model of structural equations with the TPACK model.
When Does Contextual Positivity Influence Judgments of Familiarity? Investigating Moderators of the Positivity-Familiarity Effect

The positivity-familiarity effect suggests that people use positive affect as a cue to answer the question of whether they have encountered a stimulus before. Five experiments investigated this effect under various conditions. Positivity-familiarity effects were obtained irrespective of whether the task context suggested a correct answer to the question of whether a given target stimulus is familiar or unfamiliar. However, effects were less reliable when participants had a basis to assume that they had been presented with the target stimuli earlier in the same study and when they were asked to indicate whether the targets had been presented before (instead of judging them as familiar or unfamiliar). Positivity-familiarity effects were also obtained irrespective of whether affective primes were presented for short, moderate, or long durations. However, effects were less reliable for short compared to moderate and long prime presentations. Implications for the positivity-familiarity effect and other misattribution phenomena are discussed.
Using Experimental FORC Distribution as Input for a Preisach-Type Model

In this paper, we present a method of using the experimental first-order reversal curves (FORC) distribution as input for Preisach-type models. In order to be able to calculate in the model the integral over the FORC distribution we designed an interpolation algorithm of the three-dimensional (3-D) distribution. The algorithm is validated for a simple case-the output of a classical Preisach model-and then is used for realistic, asymmetrical FORC distributions. Several Preisach-type models are tested for the same FORC distribution and it is shown that the PM2 model gives the best results in simulating magnetization curves starting from the FORC diagram
Material Well-being triggered by Macro-Economic Variables: Evidence from South Asia

The present study aimed at analyzing the material well-being (WB) triggered by macroeconomic variables for selected countries i.e., Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The study incorporated three separate operational models to observe their influence on WB of each selected country. For the sake of study time series dataset were collected for the time period of 1983 to 2015. Countries selection was made on the basis of IMF ranking and World Bank ranking for the year 2016. This ranking was based on the PCI of nations. First of all selected macroeconomic data were tested by applying unit root test i.e., Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF). Findings suggested that Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) as the most appropriate technique for the estimation of the long-run (LR) and short run (SR) outputs. Results of study showed that in the LR material WB could attribute positive impact on government expenditures, foreign direct investment (FDI) and remittances. On the other hand, there was a decline in material WB due to inflation and unemployment in the LR.
A Time-Domain Method for Analyzing Arbitrarily Shaped Thin Resistive Sheets

A time-domain method is presented for analyzing arbitrarily shaped thin resistive sheets (TRSs). The method makes use of the surface impedance matrix and piecewise linear recursive convolution techniques. The extracted data of pole-residue pairs, which are not dependent on the geometry and material of the TRSs, are given. The stability condition for the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation of the TRSs is provided for the first time. This method has been combined with a conformal scheme to analyze arbitrarily shaped TRSs. The simulation results for three test cases are given to show the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.
Computational Modeling of High Pressure Gas Breakdown and Streamer Formation in External Electric Fields

Summary form only given. The development of new computational models of gas breakdown for use in particle-in-cell (PIC) codes is described. These modeling efforts include fundamental processes associated with the breakdown of high pressure gases and represent key first steps in comprehensive studies of the physics of high-pressure gas switches. Two computational algorithms are described; a Monte Carlo type collision (MCC) model whereby PIC macro-particles undergo random elastic and inelastic interactions, and a semi-fluid scattering model. A newly implemented attachment algorithm, important for electronegative gases such as SF6, has been developed. The details of the cross-section compilations for H2 and SF6 for use in the MCC algorithm are summarized along with the modeling assumptions that are made to make this model computationally tractable. The results of detailed swarm calculations using these cross-sections are presented along with comparisons to experimental data. The existing implicit semi-fluid collision model in the PIC code LSP is used to carry out 2D (r,z) streamer simulations. These simulations track the formation and evolution of a streamer from a small seed electron population in different applied electric fields. The results of H2 and SF6 streamer simulations are presented, including comparisons between the semi-fluid and MCC model for streamer formation and evolution in H2.
Personal Mobile A/V Control Point for Home-to-Home Media Streaming

Existing, home networking protocols such as UPnP are not ready to support media streaming services among home networks. Furthermore, a home router with NAT makes it difficult to provide such home-to-home network services. Considering the constraints of real home network environments such as these, we propose a solution that offers a personal control space so that users can freely control their own home devices and remote devices on their moving UPnP-enabled networks with zero-configuration. For this, we have implemented the personal mobile A/V control point (PMCP) and the UPnP relay.
Phenotypic diversity and marker-trait association studies under heat stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Tomato is a mild season crop and high temperature stress impacts productivity negatively. However, the development of cultivars with improved heat tolerance is possible as genetic variability has been consistently reported. This study aimed to identify candidate genes that impact various traits under heat stress. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were conducted on a diverse set of 144 tomato genotypes collected from various germplasm centers and breeding programs. The genotypes were grown under control and heat stress in poly tunnels having mean temperatures of 30°C and 45°C for two seasons and phenotypic data were collected on seven agro-physiological traits. All individuals were genotyped withthe80K DArTseq platform using 31237 SNP markers. Data were analysed using a mixed model based on restricted maximum likelihood (REML). Pattern analysis of the phenotypic data showed five primary clusters each with genotypes from multiple origins. Based on the genotypic data, three wild tomato genotypes showed a degree of un-relatedness with the other materials as they were distantly located from the rest of the genotypes in the scatter plot. Control treatment data were used to ascertain markers that are exclusively important under high temperature stress. A large number of markers were significantly associated with various traits under heat stress. These included strong marker associations for number of inflorescence/plant (IPP), number of flowers/inflorescence (FPI), fresh fruit weight (FFrW), and electrolyte leakage (EL). High association with EL was found due to two SNPs 7858523|F|0-25:G>A-25:G>A and 4705224|F|0-60:C>G-60:C>G located on Chr 6. Other less pronounced marker-trait associations were observed for plant dry weight (PDW), and number of fruit/plant (FrPP).
On the in-plane failure and post-failure behaviour of pristine and perforated single-layer graphene sheets

The tensile behaviour and the pure shear behaviour of pristine and perforated single-layer graphene sheets are numerically investigated through a stick-and-spring model including both material and geometric non-linearities. The model is formulated in finite kinematics and the atomic interactions are modelled through the modified Morse potential, tuned with an improved set of parameters. The progression of the failure process of the sheets is numerically reconstructed using the arc-length strategy. The failure profiles are displayed and discussed. A continualization of the obtained results is made. The engineering strains and stresses and the second Piola and Green–Lagrange tensors are computed and compared with results given in the literature.
Ferroelectric phase transition in LiNbO3: Insights from molecular dynamics

Ab initio molecular dynamics within density functional theory is used for the first time to model the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition in LiNbO3. Our calculations show that the structural phase transition is not an abrupt event, but rather a continuous process occurring over a range of about 100K and involving different ionic species at different temperatures. Because of the different behavior of the Li and Nb sublattices, the ferroelectric transition displays both displacive and order-disorder character.
Average Consensus in Matrix-Weight-Balanced Digraphs

This paper investigates average consensus in first-order multi-agent systems where the interconnections are modelled by balanced digraphs with matrix weights. The paper first introduces the notion of a balanced directed graph for matrix weights. Then, it shows that the necessary and sufficient condition for the multi-agent system to achieve average consensus is that the matrix weights of its balanced digraph are positive definite. The Lyapunov analysis exploits a specific property of the mirror graph for a balanced graph. Simulations with holonomic robots in Gazebo verify the conditions for average consensus. Finally, formation control of a multi-agent system is shown as an application of the work presented.
Mode-switching VCO and double balanced mixer in optical communication and sensor application

A fully coherent optical communication link using orthogonal polarization modulation based self-heterodyne detection is proposed and experimentally demonstrated where the dual-band voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) optical source and broadband double balanced mixer at the receiver in fully coherent optical wireless link was proposed and experimentally demonstrated for optical communication and sensor application.
Big data Analysis on Multiple Social Network

This work analyzed the big data from four social network platforms with the aimed of discovering multiple view of users in social networks. The datasets were collected from Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Foursquare. Facebook was primarily used as ground truth. The dataset involved users from London and Singapore region only. Different human pattern behavior was observed and compared based on their gender and age groups. Learning human mobility and creating profile base on their visited locations was another contribution. The user mobility profile created was based on location preferences. The analysis results showed that females and males were leading in check-ins at Malls in Singapore compare to London region.
Tri-Subject Kinship Verification: Understanding the Core of A Family

One major challenge in computer vision is to go beyond the modeling of individual objects and to investigate the bi- (one-versus-one) or tri- (one-versus-two) relationship among multiple visual entities, answering such questions as whether a child in a photo belongs to the given parents. The child-parents relationship plays a core role in a family, and understanding such kin relationship would have a fundamental impact on the behavior of an artificial intelligent agent working in the human world. In this work, we tackle the problem of one-versus-two (tri-subject) kinship verification and our contributions are threefold: 1) a novel relative symmetric bilinear model (RSBM) is introduced to model the similarity between the child and the parents, by incorporating the prior knowledge that a child may resemble one particular parent more than the other; 2) a spatially voted method for feature selection, which jointly selects the most discriminative features for the child-parents pair, while taking local spatial information into account; and 3) a large-scale tri-subject kinship database characterized by over 1,000 child-parents families. Extensive experiments on KinFaceW, Family101, and our newly released kinship database show that the proposed method outperforms several previous state of the art methods, while could also be used to significantly boost the performance of one-versus-one kinship verification when the information about both parents are available.
Justification parameters of the ripper tooth of combined unit for minimum tillage

The article presents the results of theoretical studies to justify parameters and the angle of entry into the soil of ripper tooth, width and length of the working surface of the ripper tooth of combined unit. Graphs of changes in the working surface length of the ripper tooth depending on the angle of entry of the tooth into the soil at different values of tillage depth and width of combined soil-cultivating unit for minimum tillage, to ensure high-quality loosening of the soil at minimum energy consumption. Based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies, a scheme for placing working bodies on the frame of a combined soil-cultivating unit for minimal tillage has been developed, which contributes to increasing soil fertility with minimal energy and labor costs.
Phase controlled class E amplifier characteristics for pulsing applications

Please Class E amplifiers are widely used in RF applications due to their high density power capability and high efficiency. The ease in their implementation also makes Class E amplifiers designer choice in several high power applications. Class E amplifiers uses switch mode amplifier topology, which gives them non-linear characteristics. This is mainly due to the topology based on the resonant load network design. When the load line of Class E amplifiers is interfaced with any type of load that does not present a resonance condition at the desired frequency, it may result in a non-linearity in the amplifier response. This condition gets worse if there is a dynamic load with variable rail voltage, or gate to source voltage with variable duty cycle.