Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A stochastic fault model: 1. Static case

The number-size distribution of earthquakes requires that irregularities exist on a fault at all length scales. The assumption of self-similar irregularity is used to formulate a stochastic description of the faulting process. A random irregularity is termed self similar if it remains statistically similar upon a change of length scale. Self-similar geometric irregularity of a fault surface is represented in this model by stress and friction functions that fluctuate self similarly on a plane. If the set of rupture areas of all earthquakes on the brittle portion of a fault plane is assumed to be self similar, then the number of ruptures with area greater than A is proportional to 1/A. If stress drop is independent of earthquake size, then the number of earthquakes with moment greater than M/sub 0/ is proportional to M/sub 0//sup -2/3/. The size of an earthquake is determined by spatial fluctuation of the initial stress and sliding friction functions. The spectrum of the stress function is related to both the average stress drop as a function of earthquake size and the number-moment distribution. A model of the slip and stress change functions of an earthquake is constructed in the Fourier transform domain. While the stressmore » function becomes smoother in an earthquake at the length scale of the rupture, it becomes rougher at shorter length scales to prepare the fault for future smaller earthquakes. Seismicity is a cascade of stored elastic energy from longer to shorter wavelengths. « less
Action of Some Heterocyclic Amines and Difunctional Nucleophiles on N- Phenylsulphonyloxytetrachlorophthalimide

N-phenylsulphonyloxytetrachlorophthalimide (1) is fo und to be a useful intermediate for the synthesis o f tetrachloroquinazoline derivatives. Quinazolindiones hav e demonstrated utility in a diverse range of medica l and biological applications. Treatment of compound (1) with the ap propriate heterocyclic amines and diamines gave a n ew set of 3subistuted tetrachloroquinazoline via Lossen Rearra ngement. The aim of the present study is the synthe sis of new quinazoline derivatives via a new synthetic route. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1 H NMR and mass spectral studies. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their preliminary in vitro ant ibacterial activity towards Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus , and Bacillus cereus
Electromagnetically induced transparency with an ensemble of donor-bound electron spins in a semiconductor

We present measurements of electromagnetically induced transparency with an ensemble of donor-bound electrons in low-doped n-GaAs. We used optical transitions from the Zeeman-split electron-spin states to a bound trion state in samples with optical densities of 0.3 and 1.0. The electron-spin dephasing time T*(2) approximate to 2 ns was limited by hyperfine coupling to fluctuating nuclear spins. We also observe signatures of dynamical nuclear polarization but find these effects to be much weaker than in experiments that use electron-spin resonance and related experiments with quantum dots.
INCORPORATING A LOCAL-STATISTICS-BASED SPATIAL WEIGHT MATRIX INTO A SPATIAL REGRESSION MODEL TO MAP THE DISTRIBUTION OF NON-NATIVE INVASIVE ROSA MULTIFLORA IN THE UPPER MIDWEST

In this study, we extended the spatial weight matrix defined by Getis and Aldstadt (2004) to a more general case to map the distribution of Rosa multiflora, an invasive shrub, across the Upper Midwest counties in a spatial lag model (SLM) context. Both the simulation study and the application to the invasion data of invasive Rosa multiflora collected in 2005–2006 proved that the modified spatial weight matrix outperforms its original case and the contiguityand nearest distancebased spatial weight matrices in diagnostic statistics and resultant invasion maps. The geographical distribution of Rosa multiflora in the Upper Midwest was significantly associated with latitude; local clusters (groups of counties) of high abundance/presence of Rosa multiflora were significantly determined by TRPF (a ratio of road density to percentage of forest cover at the county level), a variable reflecting the intensity of human disturbance. Both the multiple linear regression model and the SLM models with the original spatial weight matrix and contiguityand nearest distancebased spatial weight matrices incorporated tended to underestimate the effect of forest type (community) on multiflora rose. As a conclusion, the SLM model incorporating the modified spatial weight matrix has potential applications in mapping spatial data with strong clustering patterns and estimating spatial autocorrelation structure and covariate effects in ecological studies.
Analysis of Psychological Well-being and Turnover intentions of Hotel Employees: An Empirical Study

Turnover intentions can be reduced if the employees feel the organization have met their needs, through improving of psychological well-being. Employees' psychological well-being must be fulfilled, to get their best performance. This study aims to find out the relations between psychological well-being (i.e. autonomy, environmental mastery, positive relations with others, purpose in life, self-acceptance and personal growth) and turnover intention of hotel employees. The subjects were 212 hotel employees in Medan, Indonesia. Data were collected using turnover intention scale and psychological well-being scale. The result showed negative correlations between psychological well-being and turnover intentions towards hotel employees. To find out the determinants of turnover intention, a stepwise regression method was used. Based on the stepwise method used, the two predictor variables were found to be of significance in explaining turnover intentions. The two predictor variables were autonomy and positive relations with others. The result of this study will contribute to the guide lines for the policy makers for implementation of better human resource policy and provide evidence in favor of managerial interventions aimed at enhancing employee well-being and, consequently, minimizing the negative effects of an actual turnover in Hotel employee. Implication of this study could help management understand how to reduce the turnover intentions based on the employee and organization needs.
Pathophysiology of Non-Dopaminergic Monoamine Systems in Parkinson's Disease: Implications for Mood Dysfunction

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide and is one of the most common diseases affecting the aging population (Delau et al., 2006). Clinical hallmarks of PD feature severe motor deficits characterized by bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity and postural instability. Though less recognized, PD symptoms also include psychiatric complications such as depression, anxiety and psychosis that deleteriously influence quality of life. While the origin of motor deficits is the progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons, other monoamine neurons within the serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) system also degenerate, likely contributing to mood dysfunction. In this chapter the pathophysiology of non-dopaminergic monoamine systems, their contribution to PD-related mood dysfunction, and therapeutics targeting them will be discussed.
NATURAL CONVECTION FROM MULTIPLE HORIZONTAL CYLINDERS ARRANGED SIDE BY SIDE

Steady laminar free convection in air from a row of parallel circular cylinders, is studied numerically. SIMPLE-C algorithm is used for the solution of the mass, momentum, and energy transfer governing equations. Simulations are performed for 10cylinder assemblies with inter-cylinder spacings from 0.6 to 5 cylinder-diameters and Rayleigh numbers from 10 1 to 10 5 . It is found that the thermal performance of the whole assembly increases as the Rayleigh number increases, and has a peak at an optimum separation distance among the cylinders which decreases with increasing the Rayleigh number.
Spatial Neighbourhood Features for Ranking Objects

In this paper, we formally define spatial preference queries and propose appropriate indexing techniques and search algorithms for them. Extensive evaluation of our methods on both real and synthetic data reveals that an optimized branch-and-bound solution is efficient and robust with respect to different parameters A spatial preference query ranks objects based on the qualities of features in their spatial neighbourhood. For example, using a real estate agency database of flats for lease, a customer may want to rank the flats with respect to the appropriateness of their location, defined after aggregating the qualities of other features (e.g., restaurants, cafes, hospital, market, etc.) within their spatial neighbourhood. Such a neighbourhood concept can be specified by the user via different functions. It can be an explicit circular region within a given distance from the flat. Another intuitive definition is to assign higher weights to the features based on their proximity to the flat.
EFFECT OF PRETREATMENTS FOR RETAINING TOTAL CAROTENOIDS IN DRIED AND STORED ORANGE-FLESHED-SWEET POTATO CHIPS

Various dipping pretreatments have been investigated for orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) to retain carotenoids after drying and subsequent storage. Effects of blanching,sodiummetabisulfite(0.5or1%),acids(ascorbicacid[1%]orcitricacid [0.5%]) or salt (1%), either singly or as mixtures, were tested on dried OFSP chips thatwerestoredforupto6monthsinambientconditions.Overall,therewasapositiveeffectof dippingontotalcarotenoidcontentafterdryingcomparedwithcontrol (P < 0.05). Aslightimprovementincarotenoidcontentwasobservedduringthefirst month of storage with ascorbic acid,sodium metabisulfite,and mixtures of sodium metabisulfiteandcitricacid,orascorbicacidandsaltpretreatments,butthesehigher levels were not maintained over longer storage periods (4‐6 months). The general lackof improvementwasbelievedtoresultfromtheleachinganddegradationof the chemicals during storage.
Prospected epigenetic moderators from natural sources and drug of class NSAIDS as effective treatment options to prostate cancer

Prospected epigenetic moderators from natural sources and drug of class NSAIDS as effective treatment options to Prostate cancer Vaibhav Dubey, Richard Owusu-Apenten, Shipra Tripathi, Udaya Pratap Singh, Alok Semwal Volhart Health Care Pvt. Ltd., Department of Research and Development, Sitapur Road Yojna, Lucknow,UP, India Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, United Kingdom Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Faizabad Road, Lucknow,UP, India Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Allahabad, Naini, UP, India Department of Pharmacy, Himachal Institute of Pharmacy, Paonta Sahib-173025, H.P India
Pattern-oriented architecture design of software for logistics and transport applications

Abstract Software architecture design plays the key role for logistics and transport software engineering. One of the design approaches is to reuse the architectural patterns, which express a fundamental structural organization of software systems and its behaviour. The usage of the proven and tested solutions allows us to increase the software quality and reduce potential risks. In this paper the technique that allows selecting and evaluating suite of architectural patterns is proposed. It can be used for logistics and transportation software, which is constructed using Multi-tier architecture. The technique allows us to consistently evaluate the impact of specific patterns to software characteristics with a given functionality. Effectiveness and efficiency of the described method is confirmed by a case study.
Attachment and Effortful Control

Based on former research, it can be assumed that attachment relationships provide a context in which children develop both the effortful control (EC) capacity and the repertoire of responses to regulate distress. Both are important to understand children’s (mal)adjustment. While the latter assumption has been supported in several studies, less is known about links between attachment and EC. We administered questionnaires to measure anxious and avoidant attachment or trust in maternal support in two samples of early adolescents. EC was reported by the child in Sample 1 (n = 244), and by mother in Sample 2 (n = 177). In both samples, mothers reported children’s maladjustment. Consistent with predictions, insecure attachment was related to reduced EC. Moreover, EC indirectly linked insecure attachment to maladjustment. This study provides evidence that studying EC is important to understand the self-regulatory mechanisms explaining the link between attachment and (mal)adjustment in early adolescence.
Earthquake Observation by Social Sensors

Social media have garnered much attention recently and the number of social media users has been increasing. Social media are kinds of media for social interaction among users. Users create contents for themselves and exchange them on social media. Social media include many kinds of forms, including weblog, wikis, videos and microblogs. One of the biggest characteristics of social media is user-generated contents.
atterns of wild ungulate exploitation & their consequences for the domestication of pigs & cattle

This paper studies the changes observed in wild ungulate game procurement strategies between the Epipalaeolithic and Neolithic periods in the southern Levant. It is proposed that the advent of agricultural societies in the Neolithic caused an increase in the frequency of encounters between human hunters and wild ungulate taxa drawn to agriculturally-modified habitats. This higher frequency of encounters is responsible for the observed shift from gazelle- and fallow deer-dominated assemblages in the Epipalaeolithic to the wild boar- and aurochs-dominated assemblages in the Neolithic. The intensification of hunting wild boar and aurochs during the Neolithic is argued to have given rise to a trajectory towards the cultural control of these taxa.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration of transgenic ' Chancellor ' wine grape plants expressing the tfdA gene

The establishment of grape vineyards in the Midwestern USA is greatly hampered by the use of the herbicide 2,4-D in grain crop fields. The overall goal of this study was to transform 'Chancellor' with the plant expressible bacterial tfdA gene to make it tolerant to 2,4-D. Embryogenic callus was infected and cocultivated with an Agrobacterium construct (LBA4404: pAL4404::tfdA); transformed callus was selected with kanamycin; kanamycin resistant callus was bulked and transformed cell lines identified by PCR. Three PCRpositive embryogenic callus lines were used to regenerate transgenic plants. Analysis of the plant lines for the presence of the tfdA gene by PCR and southern hybridization confirmed its stable integration in their genomes. Transgenic 'Chancellor' grape plants regenerated from these calli proved to be resistant to up to 10 kg·ha-1 of a commercial ester-formulation of 2,4-D, indicating positive expression of the tfdA gene and affording them protection from 2,4-D injury.
HOW DO COMMITTEES INVENT

That kind of intellectual activity which creates a useful whole from its diverse parts may be called the design of a system. Whether the particular activity is the creation of specifications for a major weapon system, the formation of a recommendation to meet a social challenge, or the programming of a computer, the general activity is largely the same. Typically, the objective of a design organization is the creation and assembly of a document containing a coherently structured body of information. We may name this information the system design. It is typically produced for a sponsor who usually desires to carry out some activity guided by the system design. For example, a public official may wish to propose legislation to avert a recurrence of a recent disaster, so he appoints a team to explain the catastrophe. Or a manufacturer needs a new product and designates a product planning activity to specify what should be introduced. The design organization may or may not be involved in the construction of the system it designs. Frequently, in public affairs, there are policies which discourage a group's acting upon its own recommendations, whereas, in private industry, quite the opposite situation often prevails. It seems reasonable to suppose that the knowledge that one will have to carry out one's own recommendations or that this task will fall to others, probably affects some design choices which the individual designer is cailed upon to make. Most design activity requires continually making choices. Many of these choices may be more than design decisions; they may also be personal decisions the designer makes about his own future. As we shall see later, the incentives which exist in a conventional management environment can motivate choices which subvert the intent of the sponsor.
The Prostitute's Allure: Examining Returns to Beauty, Productivity and Discrimination

We estimate the earnings premium for beauty in an occupation where returns to physical attractiveness are likely to be important: commercial sex work. In the commercial sex market, perhaps more so than any other sector in the labor market, the beauty premium should be at the extreme due to the intimate interpersonal relationships required with clients. Therefore, the commercial sex sector provides the cleanest test for whether the beauty premium is driven solely by productivity. Somewhat surprisingly we find estimates that lie close to or comfortably within those for non-sex workers around the world. In fact, the estimated premium for above average beauty is only slightly larger than that estimated for women elsewhere, and the penalty for below average looks lies comfortably within the range of existing findings. We show that the beauty premium in the commercial sex market stems both from productivity and discrimination. In addition, including controls for personal characteristics (communication ability and desirability of personality) cuts the beauty premium by up to one-half. Our findings suggest that beauty premiums might be overestimated if measures akin to those in our dataset are not included in beauty regressions.
Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Yagi Array with Low Cross Polarization

Low cross polarization Yagi array with mirrored arrangement is proposed. First, the half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) and magnetic wall are introduced to realize the miniaturization of Yagi antenna. Simulated results show that the total area of the Yagi antenna is 1. 82λ × 0. 57λ and the peak gain is about 6.0~7.9 dBi in the 10.5% relative bandwidth with VSWR less than 2. Then the element arrangement of Yagi array composed by the HMSIW Yagi antenna is analyzed to accomplish cross polarization elimination. It is found that the mirrored arrangement eliminates the far field cross-polar component and leads to the lower cross polarization than the other non-mirrored arrays under the condition that they have almost the same bandwidth, peak gain and beam direction. The low cross polarization four-element array with mirrored arrangement is fabricated and measured, and experimental results agree well with the simulation.
Competitive Advantage Through Supply Chain Collaboration – An Empirical Study of the Indian Textile Industry

The Indian textile industry is an important component of the Indian economy, which contributes 37% of export earnings, 20% of industrial production and 4% to the nation’s GDP. The application of supply chain management in the Indian textile supply chain is in its nascent stage. Supply chain collaboration in the textile supply chain has emerged as a dominant theme in supply chain management and it paves the way for competitive advantage. This study gives a brief scenario of the textile industry across the globe. It tries to identify the factors influencing supply chain collaboration and its relationship with competitive ad vantage. The study includes 235 supply chain partners of the textile industry of Tamil Nadu. The Visual PLS Software package and SPSS (Statistical package for social science – 16.0) were used for analysis. Structural equation modelling was used to prove the thesis along with a reliability analysis. The result shows a positive relationship between supply chain collaboration and competitive advantage among supply chain partners.
Random Matrix Theory and Macro-Economic Time-Series: An Illustration Using the Evolution of Business Cycle Synchronisation, 1886–2006

Abstract The aim of this paper is to show that random matrix theory (RMT) can be a useful addition to the economist’s tool-kit in the analysis of macro-economic time series data. A great deal of applied economic work relies upon empirical estimates of the correlation matrix. However due to the finite size of both the number of variables and the number of observations, a reliable determination of the correlation matrix may prove to be problematic. The structure of the correlation matrix may be dominated by noise rather than by true information. Random matrix theory was developed in physics to overcome this problem, and to enable true information in a matrix to be distinguished from noise. There is now a large literature in which it is applied successfully to financial markets and in particular to portfolio selection. The author illustrates the application of the technique to macro-economic time-series data. Specifically, the evolution of the convergence of the business cycle between the capitalist economies from the late 19th century to 2006. The results are not in sharp contrast with those in the literature obtained using approaches with which economists are more familiar. However, there are differences, which RMT enables us to clarify.
Outcomes of mono-lateral limb reconstruction system in infected non-union of long bones

Background: We planned to evaluate functional and radiological outcomes of mono-lateral limb reconstruction system for infected non-union of long bones and to analyse its complications occurring. Methods: It was a prospective study, conducted during period of September 2015 to August 2017 and consisted of 73 cases of these 60 cases were available for final assessment. This infected non-union were classified by AO classification and were treated with mono lateral limb reconstruction system. All the cases were evaluated by ASAMI criteria for bony and functional outcomes. Our mean follow up period was 16.8 months . Results: Among 60 cases of infected non-union with mono-lateral external fixator were followed for mean 16.8 months. According to these ASAMI criteria in our study 26.6% had excellent; 46.6% had good; 16.6% fair; and 10% poor bony outcome. And the functional outcomes were 13.3%, 60%, 16.6%, 10% were excellent, good, fair and poor respectively. Among the cases 50% had pin tract infections and loosening. Two cases pin revision was done. Sinus tract got cleared in all cases except 6 where multiple sinus tracts were present and healing did not occur. There were no infections at the corticotomy site. Delay in the consolidation phase was present in all cases. There was no difficulty in transportation of bone. Post-operatively wound dehiscence in eight cases was managed with split skin graft cover. Limb length discrepancy upto 2.5 cms in lower limb was managed with modified footwear with heel and sole raise. Non-healing fractures united in mean 5.9 months after start of treatment. Non-union site united in 90% cases. Conclusions: Mono-lateral limb reconstruction system is efficient method for treatment of infected non-union of long bones. It has an additional advantage of correcting limb length discrepancies which sometimes occur during the course of treatment. Keywords: Non-union, Infection, Long bones, Limb reconstruction system, External fixator