Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Preschool Mathematics Education in Development of Geometry Concepts in Children

Given the fact that early mathematics education is important for further learning of mathematics, authors of this paper examine the effects that preschool mathematics education on development of geometry concepts in children. On a sample of 290 children, through a one-on-one interview, we studied the development of geometry concepts in children at the end of preschool education in Serbia. Research results show that the preschool mathematics education achieves significant effects developing geometry concepts in children. Preschool mathematics education does not achieve equal effects on the development of all geometry concepts covered by the curriculum of preschool education, that there are no differences in the development of these concepts depending on the location of the preparatory preschool institution and the gender of the child, but that the education level of the child’s parents has great impact on the development of these concepts.
THE EFFECTS OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON CREDIT TO DEPOSITS-RATIO (CDR): EVIDENCING TURKEY

CREDIT TO DEPOSITS-RATIO (CDR): EVIDENCING TURKEY Tunakan DURAN Bengü DURAN** Abstract The relationship between developments in the banking sector and macroeconomic factors in country's economy has been the focus of both the economy and the banking literature. As a result of this; various research and sturies that investigate the effects on the banking sector have been done on economic performances of countries and financial developments. Because these reearch and studies are very important not only for the development of banking sector but also determining the principles of the strategies that will be developed the banking sector towards the future together with doing accurate prediction.By way of this thought, in this paper, the relationship between the periodic changes in the "credit/deposit ratio" (shortly CDR) of the banking sector and the periodic changes in macroeconomic parameters has been investigated in Turkey for the period 2002-2016. Deposits, Credits and CDR were mentioned in part II as a fact of Turkey's Banking Sector View. GDP, CPI, IPI, Export and Import were mentioned in part III as an elements of Turkey's Macroeconomic View. Data set and methodology were mentioned in part IV. According to the results obtained; we claim that in Turkey Banking Sector, the percentage change of credit to deposits ratio is affected by both the percentage change of import and the percentage change of CPI strongly, that is as imports increase in Turkey, the credit to deposit rate increases and similarly as CPI increase, the credit to deposit rate increases too. Moreover; we claim that Imports in Turkey are financed by bank credits. As imports increase, the need for bank credits are also increasing. We claim also that imports are not an increasing effects on savings in Turkey. Similarly; we claim that CPI must be reduced to increase savings. Otherwise; as inflation increases, the demand for credit will increase because there is a need for additional resources due to decrease of the purchasing ability of the existing assets.
Assessing the Relationship of Time Management and Academic Performance of the Business Students in Al-Zahra College for Women

Time management is by all means important in all aspects of our lives. Whether in individual capacities or in businesses and organizations, use and management of time is equally important. As applied to educational setting, time is precious to students, teachers, heads and the institution as a whole. These considerations have given the researchers the idea to undertake their study regarding the relationship between time management and students’ academic performance. The main objective of this study is to examine the significant relationship between time management variables and students’ academic performance. It basically used the descriptive research design in carrying out the study and in selecting the respondents, random sampling were undertaken to 100 students in Managerial and Financial Sciences department of Al-Zahra College for Women with its three specializations: Accounting, Finance, and Business Management departments. Data were analyzed using statistical tools such as frequencies, percentages, weighted mean, standard deviation, regression and correlation. Findings of the study revealed that there is significant correlation of some demographic variables such as age of the respondents and educational degree to students’ academic performance. Moreover, time management variable specifically the prioritization significantly correlates to students’ academic performance while other variables: procrastination and socialization have no significant relationship to students’ academic performance. Based on these findings, it is suggested that, students should observe and undertake prioritization of their tasks and responsibilities to improve their academic performance. Moreover, teachers should also integrate time management concepts and applications in their classes. Trainings and seminars on time management are also encouraged for the students.
An Econometric Investigation of the Determinants of Fossil Fuel Consumption: A Multivariate Approach for Ghana

The study examines the long run and short run determinants of fossil fuel consumption in Ghana for 1970-2011 period by using Autoregressive distributed lad model (ARDL). The bound test for cointegration produced no evidence of cointegration among the variables. There are no statistical significant long run and short run parameters for the fossil fuel consumption function for Ghana. The results suggest macro variables such as income, price, trade openness, investment, money supply, and government expenditure do not play observable role in fossil fuel consumption. As such, they could not be relied on as a policy tool to manage fossil fuel consumption. Future study should consider the issue of structural breaks and the direction of causality.
The Interactional Model: An Alternative to the Direct Cause and Effect Construct for Mutually Causal Organizational Phenomena

It is time that we in organization sciencesdevelop and implement a new mental model forcause and effect relationships. The dominantmodel in research dates at least to the 1700sand no longer serves the full purposes of thesocial science research problems of the21st century. Traditionally, research is``essentially concerned with two-variableproblems, linear causal trains, one cause andone effect, or with few variables at the most''(von Bertalanffy, 1968, p. 12). However, theliterature is replete with examples ofphenomena in which the traditional cause andeffect construct does not allow for greaterunderstanding and insight into the phenomena. Different conceptions of cause and effectrelationships have been developed includingproducer/product relationships (Ackoff 1981),design causality (Argyris and Schon, 1996), andfour classes of causal models (Schwartz andOgilvy, 1979). Of interest here is thepossibility of mutual causality, ``theassumption that the relationship between two(or more) phenomena is heavily influenced bythe presence of feedback loops that areinstantaneous, or nearly so'' (Dent, 1999). Maturana's (1998, Maturana and Varela, 1987)work on a new epistemology and ontologyprovides a foundation for the alternative modelof cause and effect proposed here. Thisinteraction model includes the dynamics of thetraditional X and Y, but adds the structure ofX (A), the structure of Y (B), the environment(E), and time (T).
Impact of Agriculture Cooperatives on Entrepreneurship and Incomes in Rural Areas: Implications for Food Security in Developing Countries

This paper assesses the role of producer cooperatives in advancing entrepreneurship for income and food security in rural areas of developing countries. It assesses the cooperatives’ members’ self-efficacy, entrepreneurship skills and attitudes and tests them through their own evaluation of their cooperatives’ viability. The paper also highlights the challenges, local solutions and sources of resilience in cooperatives in developing countries. The study used a survey and collected both primary and secondary data which was analyzed using SPSS 23 computer package and content analysis on qualitative data. The results reveal high self-efficacy scores for cooperative members and high motivation for economic profit and market development. Cooperatives have not incorporated use of ICT in their business. They achieve higher incomes than national average incomes per head but they have limited capacity to resolve the challenges they face with their collective local wisdom. Cooperatives should reject a development model that damages and even destroys the environment and reject practices that boost short-term economic growth at the cost of the environment. There is need for innovation, greater coordination, openning up and sharing to accompany economic, social, cultural and political progress in a way that respects, protects and adapts to nature through resource conservation, restoration and protection. Keywords: Cooperatives, Entrepreneurship, Food Security, Rural Areas.
249 SENSORY EVALUATION OF FLAVORED EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL

* Corresponding author / Yazışmalardan sorumlu yazar ; aytac.saygin. gumuskesen@ege.edu. tr ✆ (+90) 232 311 3019 (+90) 232 342 7592 Abstract Flavored olive oil is produced by adding the flavors of various spices, herbs, fruits and vegetables or natural aromas to extra virgin olive oil. In this study; various natural aromas and aromatic herb extracts were added to extra virgin olive oil in a wide range of concentrations. Sensory evaluation is performed to determine the "most liked" concentration of natural aromas (oregano, basilico, rosemary and bitterorange) and aromatic herb extracts (oregano, basilico and hot pepper) used to prepare flavored olive oil. Sensory evaluation of olive oil samples prepared in accordance with the trial plan was carried out with ranking test and paired-comparison test. Panelists preferred the olive oils flavored with 0.05% of natural oregano aroma and 0.07% of basilico, rosemary and bitter-orange aromas, the olive oils flavored with 20% of oregano extract and 40% of basilico and hot pepper extract. In addition, commercial flavored olive oils (oregano, basilico, rosemary, bitter-orange and garlic) were also subjected to sensory evaluation. In particular, at the end of the panel, the sample liking was the following: oregano> basilico> rosemary> hot pepper> garlic. According to the paired comparison-test, oregano flavored olive oil (0.05%) and flavored olive oil with oregano extract (20%) were statistically different at P < 0.001 from each other and the most like flavored olive oil was to prepare with natural oregano aroma.
A Simplified Model To Predict the Effect of Increasing Atmospheric CO2 on Carbonate Chemistry in the Ocean

The chemistry of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater is reviewed and used to predict the potential effect of rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In agreement with more detailed treatments, we find that calcium carbonate (aragonite) may become unsaturated in cold surface seawater by the year 2100 C.E. , resulting in the destruction of calcifying organisms such as coral. Our analysis is intended for the environmental chemistry classroom and illustrates the importance of gas solubility, buffers, acid–base chemistry, and the effect of temperature on equilibrium. Calculations are adapted to spreadsheets and are intended to be accessible to upper-level chemistry students.
Face to Face- would you lie to yourself? : Does a mirror increase people`s self-awareness and their use of self-references while lying?

Lying occurs very often and not always in a conscious way; it occurs in different forms and with different consequences. One case of lying that became popular over night and even had an impact on the political landscape of a country is the allegation of plagiarism against Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg. The man was a highly renowned politician in Germany, considered to be the rising star in German politics, maybe even the next chancellor. His involvement in plagiarism ended his political career in one fell swoop. But there are more implications to a lie than that. For example, people are willing to lie as long as they can sustain their positive self-perception. Furthermore the act of lying leaves traces: the word use of deceptive people, especially the use of first-person singular pronouns can reveal liars. The number of self-references liars use, makes them detectable. Therefore it is interesting to know if there is a way to influence people’s self-awareness and if this manipulation can have an effect on people’s use of self-references while lying, and this is the point which will be tested in this bachelor thesis. The elementary question of the thesis is: “What kind of effect could the manipulation of self-awareness by the presence of a mirror have on self-references people use while lying? ” Therefor the following Hypothesis is tested: “The use of first- personal singular pronouns decreases, when people are lying, compared to when people are telling the truth and this effect will be reinforced by the presence of a mirror as opposed to when a mirror is absent. ” In this experiment 88 datasets of participants with an average age of 22 years were analysed via an Regression analysis followed by an ANOVA. Referring to the data of this study, it turned out that there were no significant results concerning a relationship between a increase of self-awareness and the use of first-person singular pronouns while lying. The presence of the Mirror had no reinforcing effect on the use of first-person singular pronouns.
Bootstrap Dynamical Symmetry Breaking

Despite the emergence of a 125 GeV Higgs-like particle at the LHC, we explore the possibility of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking by strong Yukawa coupling of very heavy new chiral quarks . Taking the 125 GeV object to be a dilaton with suppressed couplings, we note that the Goldstone bosons exist as longitudinal modes of the weak bosons and would couple to with Yukawa coupling . With GeV from LHC, the strong could lead to deeply bound states. We postulate that the leading “collapsed state,” the color-singlet (heavy) isotriplet, pseudoscalar meson , is itself, and a gap equation without Higgs is constructed. Dynamical symmetry breaking is affected via strong , generating while self-consistently justifying treating as massless in the loop, hence, “bootstrap,” Solving such a gap equation, we find that should be several TeV, or , and would become much heavier if there is a light Higgs boson. For such heavy chiral quarks, we find analogy with the system, by which we conjecture the possible annihilation phenomena of with high multiplicity, the search of which might be aided by Yukawa-bound resonances.
The evolutionary ecology of aphids' immunity

Aphids comprise 4,400 species that live in close interactions with their host-plants, the parasitoid wasps and fungi they encounter, as well as several bacteria including Buchnera aphidicola, an obligatory, nutrient-providing symbiont. Aphids also interact with a cohort of facultative secondary symbionts that strongly interfere with their major life history traits such as host-plant specialization, heat tolerance and resistance to natural enemies. Here, we present some evolutionary and ecologically-relevant aspects of these interactions, focusing on aphid defenses to parasitism, and considering aphids either as "extended organisms" comprising aphid and symbionts' genomes, or as "single-genome" organisms whose immune components are still poorly known. We highlight the complexity of predicting evolution of aphid immune resistance in the field, due to variable selection pressures, short-term costs, and cross-talk between symbionts. Finally, we present perspectives to strongly improve our understanding of the "aphid-symbiont-bacteriophage" meta-organism defenses and to elucidate the interactions between immunity, pathogenicity and symbiosis.
Wild Dances and Dying Wolves: Simulation, Essentialization, and National Identity at the Eurovision Song Contest

This paper examines Eurovision as a site for the public representation of the nation and explores the tendency toward simulation in such representations. The contest's transnational audience and implication in commercial practices create pressures toward representing the nation through simplified, well-known images. A critique of globalization from southeast Europe argues that cultural production from marginalized countries which emphasizes local distinctiveness is a sign of structural inequality. This critique is tested against representational strategies from Ukraine, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia. Eurovision is then related to tourism through an analysis of the representation of the Mediterranean in Eurovision performances, which reflect symbolic hierarchies constructed by travel writing since the Enlightenment. Finally, the paper considers the overarching representational power exerted by host states.
The test of Random Rhythm Generation and neuropsychological performance in schizophrenic patients

The objective of this study was the assessment of neuropsychological performance in a sample of schizophrenic patients using a new computer-administered instrument, the Test of Random Rhythm Generation (ARG). The test was applied to a group of 20 DSM-IV schizophrenic patients (SG) and 20 sexand age-matched controls (CG). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (Frankfurter Beschwerdefragebogen, FBF) were used to study patients' psychopathology. The neuroleptic treatment received by each patient during the last month was converted into daily equivalents of chlorpromazine. In the ARG, the subject is asked to press the space key of the computer at a rhythm as irregular as possible. The test aims at assessing the individual's ability to créate random rhythms by means of sequences of blows, which is hypothetically associated with a high neuropsychological performance. The data were analyzed by means of three different mathematical techniques. Results showed that schizophrenic patients generated more regular and rhythmic sequences than controls (correlation dimensión in SG = 2.78 ± 0.81, in CG = 3.69 ± 0.64, p < 0.01). This suggests that neuropsychological performance measured by the ARG was worse in patients compared to controls.
IMPACT OF MAJOR FARM INPUTS ON TOBACCO PRODUCTIVITY IN PAKISTAN: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS (1960-2006)

The study conducted during 2008 evaluates the impact of area under tobacco crop and fertilizer off-take on its productivity in Pakistan during 1960-2006 using econometric techniques. The findings revealed that one-hectare increase in area under tobacco cultivation brings 2.47 tonnes increase in total tobacco production. 1% increase in the fertilizer off-take leads to increase tobacco production by 0.05 tones. The coefficients of the explanatory variables are statistically significant at both 5% and 1% level of significance. Due to high value of the coefficient of area under tobacco crop, it is recommended that the government should bring more and more area under tobacco cultivation in the country. Distribution of the fertilizer should be properly managed.
THE IMPACT OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM JORDANIAN LISTED COMPANIES

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the good corporate governance practices on the financial reporting quality of Jordanian listed companies. Specifically, we focus on the board's independence, board's transparency, and separate audit committee. A listing of Share -Traded Jordanian Companies was available from the Amman Stock Exchange as of 31 December 2011. A total of (167) company shares were traded as of 31 of December 2011. It was decided to distribute (160) questionnaires to the related external auditors, the expertise members of the Audit Committees, and the Jordanian regulatory bodies that oversight the corporate reporting of those companies, which include the Jordanian Securities Commission, Insurance Commission, and Central Bank of Jordan. The empirical study is realized based on a sample of the companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. Our research results shows that the good corporate governance practices impact the financial reporting quality, were Independence is considered one of the determinants of the success of financial reporting quality (T = 3.709, 008) and (R= 0.676), in addition to that; the independent variables are able to explain the variance in the dependent variable, a multiple regression test was carried out to test the relationship between board of directors' transparency, board of directors' independence, and audit committees, and financial reporting quality (FRQ), they are able to explain nearly 0.805% (R=0.805% P< 0.000) of the variance in financial reporting quality. The correlation analysis allows testing the strength of relationships between several independent variables and one dependent variable, which is the case in this study. The results of correlation analysis shows that the relationships between board of directors' transparency, board of directors' independence, and separate audit committees, and the dependant variable which is financial reporting quality (FRQ), are significant.
Novel Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method Using Sodium 1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-Sulphonate for Determination of Desloratadine in Pharmaceutical Formulations

New, sensitive, accurate and inexpensive kinetic spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the determination of desloratadine (DES) in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the formation of colored product between DES and sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS). The method involves the reaction of DES with NQS in presence of borax of pH 9 to form colored product with λmax at 485 nm. The fixed time method (15 min) was adopted for constructing the calibration curve. The linearity range was found to be 2.50-37.50 μg/mL. The limit of detection was 0.039 μg/mL. Molar absorptivity for the method was found to be 0.59 × 104 L/mol cm. The determination of DES by the fixed concentration and rate constant methods is feasible with the calibration equations obtained, but the fixed time method proves to be more applicable. Statistical treatment of the experimental results indicates that the method is precise and accurate. The developed method was found to be selective, accurate and precise. The method was successfully applied for the routine quality control analysis of DES in raw material and commercial available dosage forms.
Rain profiling algorithm for the TRMM precipitation radar

Describes an outline of the algorithm that estimates the instantaneous profiles of the true radar reflectivity factor and rainfall rate from the radar reflectivity profiles observed by the precipitation radar (PR) onboard the TRMM satellite. The major challenge of the algorithm lies in the correction of rain attenuation with the non-uniform beam filling effect. The algorithm was tested with synthetic data and the result is shown.