Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantification of biologically active compounds in the tubers of potato varieties of different maturity@@@Biologiškai aktyvių junginių kiekis skirtingo ankstyvumo veislių bulvių gumbuose

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify fifteen amino acids and phenolic active compounds in the tubers of twelve potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties: very early – ‘VB Venta’, ‘Fresco’, ‘Acapella’, early – ‘Sante’, ‘Goda’, ‘VB Liepa’, medium – ‘Lady Rosetta’, ‘Red Lady’, ‘Courage’ and late – ‘VB Rasa’, ‘VB Aista’, ‘Saturna’, grown in Lithuania. Investigation of the influence of the maturity time of different potato varieties on the accumulation of the tested compounds suggested that very early potato varieties accumulated higher levels of biologically active compounds than the other varieties tested. The tubers of all varieties tested accumulated the highest concentrations of tyrosine, tryptophan, chlorogenic and caffeic acids were mostly accumulated by all tested varieties.
A class of spherical, truncated, anisotropic models for application to globular clusters

Recently, a class of non-truncated radially-anisotropic models (the so-called $f^{(\nu)}$-models), originally constructed in the context of violent relaxation and modeling of elliptical galaxies, has been found to possess interesting qualities in relation to observed and simulated globular clusters. In view of new applications to globular clusters, we improve this class of models along two directions. To make them more suitable for the description of small stellar systems hosted by galaxies, we introduce a 'tidal' truncation (by means of a procedure that guarantees full continuity of the distribution function). The new $f_T^{(\nu)}$-models are shown to provide a better fit to the observed photometric and spectroscopic profiles for a sample of 13 globular clusters studied earlier by means of non-truncated models; interestingly, the best-fit models also perform better with respect to the radial-orbit instability. Then we design a flexible but simple two-component family of truncated models, to study the separate issues of mass segregation and of multiple populations. We do not aim at a fully realistic description of globular clusters, to compete with the description currently obtained by means of dedicated simulations. The goal here is to try to identify the simplest models, that is, those with the smallest number of free parameters, but still able to provide a reasonable description for clusters that are evidently beyond the reach of one-component models: with this tool we aim at identifying the key factors that characterize mass segregation or the presence of multiple populations. To reduce the relevant parameter space, we formulate a few physical arguments (based on recent observations and simulations). A first application to two well-studied globular clusters is briefly described and discussed.
Testing the Validity of Proposed Model for Measuring the Crisis Management in the Central Tripoli Hospital-Libya “Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis”

The current study attempts to develop a conceptual framework as a measurement of crisis management in health institutions by adopting its management methods as dimensions appropriate for measuring such crisis (transforming the crisis, tactical reserve, fragmenting the crisis, facing the crisis and containing the crisis). To achieve this research aim, the study applied a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using Amos. Based on the results, the study found that the model is a valid and reliable measurement of crisis management.
Oxidation energies of transition metal oxides within the GGA+U framework

The energy of a large number of oxidation reactions of 3d transition metal oxides is computed using the generalized gradient approach GGA and GGA+U methods. Two substantial contributions to the error in GGA oxidation energies are identified. The first contribution originates from the overbinding of GGA in the O2 molecule and only occurs when the oxidant is O2. The second error occurs in all oxidation reactions and is related to the correlation error in 3d orbitals in GGA. Strong self-interaction in GGA systematically penalizes a reduced state with more d electrons over an oxidized state, resulting in an overestimation of oxidation energies. The constant error in the oxidation energy from the O2 binding error can be corrected by fitting the formation enthalpy of simple nontransition metal oxides. Removal of the O2 binding error makes it possible to address the correlation effects in 3d transition metal oxides with the GGA+U method. Calculated oxidation energies agree well with experimental data for reasonable and consistent values of U.
Cytoskeletal proteins in the follicular wall of normal andcystic ovaries of sows

The expression of cytoskeletal proteins was evaluated immunohistochemically in 36 normal ovaries sampled from 18 sows and 44 cystic ovaries sampled from of 22 sows, was evaluated. All sows had history of reproductive problems, such as infertility or subfertility. The immunohistochemically stained area (IHCSA) was quantified through image analysis to evaluate the expression of these proteins in the follicular wall of secondary, tertiary, and cystic follicles. Cytokeratins (CK) immunoreactivity was strong in the granulosa cell layer (GC) and mild in the theca interna (TI) and externa (TE) of the normal follicles. There was severe reduction of the reaction to CK in the GC in the cystic follicles, mainly in the luteinized cysts. The immunoreactivity for vimentin was higher in the GC from normal and cystic follicles in contrast with the other follicular structures. In the luteinized cysts, the IHCSA for vimentin was significantly higher in TI and in both observed cysts, the labeling was more accentuated in TE. Immunohistochemical detection of desmin and α-SMA was restricted to the TE, without differences between the normal and cystic follicles. The results of the current study show that the development of ovarian cysts in sows is associated to changes in the expression of the cytoskeletal proteins CK and vimentin.
Documentation of Unusual, Fall Spawning by Coastal Cutthroat Trout in the Elwha River System, Washington

AbstractThe timing of breeding is a key trait, reflecting selective forces acting on the adults and offspring in the population, contributing to reproductive isolation, and affecting the population's success during rapid environmental change. Salmon and trout populations vary greatly in the peak and range of breeding dates, and timing is a defining trait for salmonid populations. This study reports the occurrence and details of spawning by Coastal Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii in Indian Creek in the Elwha River, Washington, in October and November. This is unusually early in the season for this characteristically spring-spawning species and is much earlier than conspecifics elsewhere in the river system and the region. We hypothesize that the stream's low gradient and lake-dampened hydrologic regime reduced the depth of gravel scouring in the fall, and thus permitted the evolution of such an early breeding date by these small-bodied (ca. 20–35 cm) fish. The exclusion of otherwise sympatric,.
An Ontological Approach to Inform HMI Designs for Minimising Driver Distractions with ADAS

ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) are in-vehicle systems designed to enhance driving safety and efficiency as well as comfort for drivers in the driving process. Recent studies have noticed that when Human Machine Interface (HMI) is not designed properly, an ADAS can cause distraction which would affect its usage and even lead to safety issues. Current understanding of these issues is limited to the context-dependent nature of such systems. This paper reports the development of a holistic conceptualisation of how drivers interact with ADAS and how such interaction could lead to potential distraction. This is done taking an ontological approach to contextualise the potential distraction, driving tasks and user interactions centred on the use of ADAS. Example scenarios are also given to demonstrate how the developed ontology can be used to deduce rules for identifying distraction from ADAS and informing future designs.
Current status of Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus in some greenhouse and open field cucumber in Iran

Yellowing and thickening are the most prevalent viral symptoms on cucumber grown in the greenhouses and open fields in Iran. Surveys were conducted from 2010 to 2012 in the major cucumber growing areas in the nine provinces, targeting especially the greenhouse plantations. Cucumber leaf samples showing symptoms like Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV, genus Polerovirus , family Luteoviridae ) infection, were collected from greenhouse (n=439) and open field- grown cucumbers (n=106) and tested for the presence of CABYV by DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR methods. 44% and 43% of collected samples from the greenhouses and open fields were infected to CABYV, respectively. Furthermore, CABYV positive samples were tested for the simultaneous infection of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) and Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV). Mixed infections with either CCYV or CYSDV were also confirmed in 9.4% of the CABYV-infected samples. The CABYV and CCYV combination was more prevalent than CABYV and CYSDV combination. Strain-specific RT-PCR confirmed the presence of common strain (CABYV-C) in all tested samples. Nine Iranian CABYV isolates were partially sequenced and sequence analysis has confirmed their assignment to the CABYV-C strain. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that although belonging to the CABYV-C, the Iranian cucumber CABYV isolates clustered within this strain in two phylogenetically distinct subgroups which might have an independent origin and/or introduction in Iran. This work provides further information on the natural occurrence of CABYV in Iran, including yet unreported characterization of CABYV-C strain on cucumbers grown in greenhouses and fields.
Evaluation of Genetic Variation of Local and Holstein Cattle by RAPD-PCR Technique

The present study has been conducted in the laboratory of Molecular Genetic/ College of Agriculture/ University of Basra during 2017 to evaluate the genetic variations and similarity between local breedand Holsteinbreed using the technique of RAPD-PCR. A total of 60 blood samples were collected from Al-Qadissya governorate, which was 30 local breed samples and 30 Holsteinbreed samples. The DNAs of examined samples were extracted and used as a template for RAPD-PCR by employing five different RAPD primers which were OPC-01, OPC-04, OPC-06, OPC-07,and OPC-09.All of theused primers showed polymorphism results with an exception for the primer of OPC-04 which failed to amplify the DNAs in all examined samples. The result of allprimer showed a range of amplified band of 100-1000 bp. The total number of amplified bands in thelocal breed was 187 bands divided into185(98.4%) polymorphic bands and threemonomorphic bands. Holstein showed a total of 148 amplified bands; 144 (98.4%)polymorphic bands and fourmonomorphic bands. The lowest molecular weight of DNA products in thelocaland Holstein breeds was 100bp. Both examined breeds shared a total of 64 bands.The genetic similarity and variations between local and y breed were found to be 16.17% and 83.83% respectively; while the highest genetic similarity was observed in the primer OPC-09 which was 35.06%; the lowest genetic similarity was observed in the primer OPC-07 which was 6.15%. Generally; the genetic variations seems to be high (80%) in all employed RAPD primers. Total, within and between genetic diversitywas 46.86%, 41.02% and 12.46% witha gene flow of 3.512. These results could be attributed to the fact that the Holsteinbreedwas under continuous selectionunder different environmental conditions for long periodsof milk production; while the local breed did not expose to any type of selections until the time of thestudy.
Facial Image Super Resolution Using Weighted Patch Pairs

A challenging field in image processing and computer graphics is to have higher frequency details by super resolving facial images. Unlike similar papers in this field, this paper introduces a practical face hallucinating approach with higher quality output images. The image reconstruction was based on a set of high and low resolution image pairs. Each image is divided into defined patches with overlapped regions. A patch from a defined location is removed from the low resolution (LR) input image and is compared with the LR patches of the training images with the same location. Each defined LR patch has a defined high resolution (HR) patch. Based on the Euclidean distance comparison, each patch of every single image in the training images database receives a specific weight. This weight is transferred to its relevant HR patch identically. The sum of the gained weights for one specific location of a patch is equal to unity. The HR output image is constructed by integrating the HR hallucinated patches.
Modeling of Insurance Data through Two Heavy Tailed Distributions: Computations of Some of Their Actuarial Quantities through Simulation from Their Equilibrium Distributions and the Use of Their Convolutions

In this paper, we have fitted two heavy tailed distributions viz the Weibull distribution and the Burr XII distribution to a set of Motor insurance claim data. As it is known, the probability of ruin is obtained as a solution to an integro differential equation, general solution of which leads to what is known as the Pollaczek-Khinchin Formula for the probability of ultimate ruin. In case, the claim severity is distributed as the above two mentioned distributions, and Pollaczek-Khinchin formula cannot be used to evaluate the probability of ruin through inversion of their Laplace transform since the Laplace Transforms themselves don’t have closed form expression. However, an approximation to the probability of ultimate ruin in such cases can be obtained by the Pollaczek-Khinchin formula through simulation and one crucial step in this simulation is to simulate from the corresponding Equilibrium distribution of the claim severity distribution. The paper lays down methodologies to simulate from the Equilibrium distribution of Burr XII distribution and Weibull distribution and has used them to obtain an approximation to the probability of ultimate ruin through Pollaczek-Khinchin formula by Monte Carlo simulation. An attempt has also been made to obtain numerical values to the probability function for the number of claims until ruin in case of zero initial surplus under these claim severity distributions and this in turn necessitates the computation of the convolutions of these distributions. The paper makes a preliminary effort to address this issue. All the computations are done under the assumption of the Classical Risk Model.
Health Care Spending Structures in Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia Over the Years as Compared to Other EU Countries

After joining the European Union in 2004, the post-communist countries have dramatically changed their structure of expenditure for medical services. The cause of this is legislative and ownership changes in the new economy. The study analyzed the expenditure on medical services in the European Union with a special focus on Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The European Union countries were divided into clusters using different methods, that is, Ward’s, Two Step and Centroid Clustering. In the paper, the structure and changes in health expenses were presented according to the types of expenditures over the years 2004-2015. Countries were assigned to clusters based on three variables: medical products, appliances and equipment, outpatient services and hospital services. Variables were considered as a percentage of household budget. In Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, there is a clear increase in the outpatient services spending compared to the hospital services expenditure.
Sequence analysis of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) gene for mutations contributing to pulmonary hypertension in the chicken (Gallus gallus)

Our multidisciplinary group at the University of Arkansas has been investigating the suitability of the chicken as a medical model for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in humans. There are several forms of PAH in humans arising from elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. Spontaneous cases of PAH are known as idiopathic PAH (IPAH), where the exact physiological causes are not known. IPAH patients that do not respond to standard treatments have a prognosis of only a few years. Currently, there is no acceptable animal model for IPAH. As part of our effort to pursue the chicken as model for IPAH, we have mapped chromosomal regions associated with susceptibility to ascites, an industry term for PAH in chickens. One region identified contains the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1), a gene known to be associated with particular forms of PAH in humans. My project was to sequence the exonic regions of AGTR1 from chickens selected for susceptibility and resistance to ascites. I identified a total of 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intronic regions and 9 affecting exonic sequences that distinguish resistant and susceptible birds. One of the SNPs alters the encoded protein, but more sequencing data is needed to confirm the presence of this SNP. The 24 SNPs have become the basis for further genotypic efforts using quantitative polymerase chain reaction high-resolution melt (qPCR-HRM) assays to determine the association of alternative alleles of AGTR1 with PAH in the chicken. This knowledge will help the poultry industry in genetic selection to reduce incidence of ascites. Characterization of the genetic determinants of ascites in the chicken will also identify specific gene networks and further our understanding of PAH in humans.
Fabrication technology for silicon-based microprobe arrays used in acute and sub-chronic neural recording

This work presents a new fabrication technology for silicon-based neural probe devices and their assembly into two-dimensional (2D) as well as three-dimensional (3D) microprobe arrays for neural recording. The fabrication is based on robust double-sided deep reactive ion etching of standard silicon wafers and allows full 3D control of the probe geometry. Wafer level electroplating of gold pads was performed to improve the 3D assembly into a platform. Lithography-based probe-tracking features for quality management were introduced. Probes for two different assembly methods, namely direct bonding to a flexible micro-cable and platform-based out-of-plane interconnection, were produced. Systems for acute and sub-chronic recordings were assembled and characterized. Recordings from rats demonstrated the recording capability of these devices.
Action Extraction Based on Open IE

A centre challenge in enhancing usage of natural language text is most sentences are barely clearly shows useful information for relation extraction, event extraction, etc. However, information cross sentences or even cross documents bounded together may produce better results. We bring action extraction based on open IE results to extract actions as meta results. It not only presents what an entity did and will do, but also provides an important foundation of producing conclusive results by using statistics and deduction. By using action extraction, we dramatically generate vast mention pairs we called weak relation which means the pair of mentions exist in the same action. This paper is focus on constructing a knowledge base not only with relations, but also actions so that we can do more work in future.
Psychological status is associated with drug efficacy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Background: Quality of life in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is significantly associated with psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Effective prevention and control of depression and anxiety in AS patients depend on important advances in our comprehensive understanding of its risk factors. However, whether psychological disorders in AS patients are related to drug efficacy is unclear. For this reason, the objective of this study was to explore the association between psychological status and drug efficacy in AS patients. Methods: A total of 3,147 AS patients were recruited from out-patient departments of 12 general hospitals in China. The level of anxiety disorder was evaluated with the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale was used to evaluate the level of depression. The association between psychological status and drug efficacy was analyzed for overall and different drugs. Results: The mean anxiety index was significantly (p<0.001) lower in AS patients in efficacy group (0.474 ± 0.004) than patients in inefficacy group (0.512 ± 0.005). The mean depression index was significantly (p<0.001) lower in AS patients in efficacy.
Quantitative Approach towards Genealogical Relationship of South Halmahera Languages Group

This paper aims to investigate genealogical relationship of South Halmahera languages quantitatively by applying lexicostatistics. The method of this study is field linguistic or fieldwork (Samarin, 1967) to eight villages represented the eight languages in this study by using Sulawesi Umbrella wordlist consists of more than 400 words as an instruments in collecting linguistic data. The data was then analyzed by applying WordSurv ver.7, where its result is useful in setting up language subgroup and family tree. The result of the study implies that the degree of relationship between languages of Sawai-Gebe-Buli-Maba-Patani and languages of GaneEast Makian are ‘languages of family’; while Irarutu is ‘family of stock’.
Bandit Learning with Implicit Feedback

Implicit feedback, such as user clicks, although abundant in online information service systems, does not provide substantial evidence on users' evaluation of system's output. Without proper modeling, such incomplete supervision inevitably misleads model estimation, especially in a bandit learning setting where the feedback is acquired on the fly. In this work, we perform contextual bandit learning with implicit feedback by modeling the feedback as a composition of user result examination and relevance judgment. Since users' examination behavior is unobserved, we introduce latent variables to model it. We perform Thompson sampling on top of variational Bayesian inference for arm selection and model update. Our upper regret bound analysis of the proposed algorithm proves its feasibility of learning from implicit feedback in a bandit setting; and extensive empirical evaluations on click logs collected from a major MOOC platform further demonstrate its learning effectiveness in practice.