Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental evaluation of multi-PHY 6TiSCH networks

The architectural design of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications requires the careful planning and selection of an appropriate operational strategy. Harmonization of standards is crucial to ensure easier certification and commercialization of IIoT solutions. The ongoing research activities are directed toward designing agile, reliable, and secure transmission technologies and protocols. Recently, Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) standardization bodies have started to consider support for multiple physical layers thus accommodating a wide range of applications. This paper presents the results of the extensive experimental measurement campaign to study the performance of the 6TiSCH (IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4e) network while supporting multiple physical layers (PHYs). For measurement purposes, all experiments were performed on OpenMote-B hardware. These devices are equipped with an Atmel AT86RF215 dual radio transceiver implementing IEEE 802.15. 4g. The performance evaluation is provided for the following metrics: network formation time, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), latency, and duty cycle. Results are encouraging, particularly in terms of high PDR for all tested PHYs. Performance evaluation indicates the importance of proper node positioning, link quality estimation and careful selection of network parameters. Moreover, collected experimental results create a dataset that provides insights into the tested PHYs' performance and their potential for indoor 6TiSCH networking.
Planet signatures in collisionally active debris discs: scattered light images

Context. Planet perturbations have been often invoked as a potential explanation for many spatial structures that have been imaged in debris discs. So far this issue has been mostly investigat ed with pure N-body numerical models, which neglect the crucial effect collisions within the disc can have on the disc’s response to dynamical perturbations. Aims. We numerically investigate how the coupled effect of collisions and radiation pressure can affect the formation and survival of radial and azimutal structures in a disc perturbed by a planet. We consider two different set-ups: a planet embedded within an extended disc and a planet exterior to an inner debris ring. One important issue we want to address is under which conditions a planet’s signature can be observable in a collisionally active disc. Methods. We use the DyCoSS code of Thebault(2012), which is designed to investigate the structure of perturbed debris discs at dynamical and collisional steady-state, and derive synthetic images of the system in scattered light. The planet’s mas s and orbit, as well as the disc’s collisional activity (parameterized by i ts average vertical optical depthτ0) are explored as free parameters. Results. We find that collisions always significantly damp planet-ind uced spatial structures. For the case of an embedded planet, the planet’s signature, mostly a density gap around its radial p osition, should remain detectable in head-on images if Mplanet≥ MS aturn. If the system is seen edge-on, however, inferring the presence of the planet is much more diffi cult, as only weak asymmetries remain in a collisionally active disc, although some planet-induced signatures might be observable under very favourable conditions. For the case of an inner ring and an external planet, planetary perturbations cannot prevent collision-produced small fragments from populating the regions beyond the ring. The radial luminosity profile exterior to the ring is in most cases close to the one it should have in the absence of the external planet. The most significa nt signature left by a Jovian planet on a circular orbit are pr ecessing azimutal structures that can be used to indirectly infer its presence. For a planet on an eccentric orbit, we show that the ring becomes elliptic and that the well known pericentre glow effect is visible despite of collisions and radiation pressure , but that detecting such features in observed discs is not an unambiguous indicator of the presence of an outer planet.
White-light continuum in stellar flares

Abstract In this talk, we discuss the formation of the near-ultraviolet and optical continuum emission in M dwarf flares through the formation of a dense, heated chromospheric condensation. Results are used from a recent radiative-hydrodynamic model of the response of an M dwarf atmosphere to a high energy flux of nonthermal electrons. These models are used to infer the charge density and optical depth in continuum emitting flare layers from spectra covering the Balmer jump and optical wavelength regimes. Future modeling and observational directions are discussed.
THE NATURE OF EXTREME EMISSION LINE GALAXIES AT z = 1–2: KINEMATICS AND METALLICITIES FROM NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

We present near-infrared spectroscopy of a sample of 22 Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at redshifts 1.3 < z < 2.3, confirming that these are low-mass (M⋆ = 108–109 M☉) galaxies undergoing intense starburst episodes (M⋆/SFR ∼ 10–100 Myr). The sample is selected by [O iii] or Hα emission line flux and equivalent width using near-infrared grism spectroscopy from the 3D-HST survey. High-resolution NIR spectroscopy is obtained with LBT/LUCI and VLT/X-SHOOTER. The [O iii]/Hβ line ratio is high (≳ 5) and [N ii]/Hα is always significantly below unity, which suggests a low gas-phase metallicity. We are able to determine gas-phase metallicities for seven of our objects using various strong-line methods, with values in the range 0.05–0.30 Z☉ and with a median of 0.15 Z☉; for three of these objects we detect [O iii] λ4363, which allows for a direct constraint on the metallicity. The velocity dispersion, as measured from the nebular emission lines, is typically ∼50 km s−1. Combined with the observed star-forming activity, the Jeans and Toomre stability criteria imply that the gas fraction must be large (fgas ≳ 2/3), consistent with the difference between our dynamical and stellar mass estimates. The implied gas depletion timescale (several hundred Myr) is substantially longer than the inferred mass-weighted ages (∼50 Myr), which further supports the emerging picture that most stars in low-mass galaxies form in short, intense bursts of star formation.
WHERE TO FIND HABITABLE “EARTHS” IN CIRCUMBINARY SYSTEMS

Six P-type planets have been found thus far around five binary systems, i.e., Kepler-16b, 34b, 35b, 38b, and 47b and c, which are all Neptune- or Jupiter-like planets. The stability of planets and the habitable zones are influenced by the gravitational and radiative perturbations of binary companions. In this Letter, we check the stability of an additional habitable Earth-mass planet in each system. Based on our simulations in 10 Myr, a habitable “Earth” is hardly stable in Kepler-16, while a stable “Earth” in Kepler-47 close to the boundaries of the habitable zone is possible. In contrast, Kepler-34, 35, and 38 seem to have high probabilities of being able to tolerante a stable “Earth” in their habitable zones. The affects of transit time variations are quite small due to the small mass of an undetected “Earth,” except that of Kepler-16b. With a time precision of 10−3 day (∼88 s), an “Earth” in the corotational resonance with Kepler-16b can be detected in three years, while habitable “Earths” in the Kepler-34 and 38 systems can be detected in 10 yr. Habitable “Earths” in Kepler-35 and 47 are not likely to be detected in 10 yr under this precision.
Awareness of smell exercise after smell dysfunction related to COVID-19 in Alahsaa, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe acute respiratory syndrome. Globally, COVID-19 has infected more than 573 million people, with over 6.3 million deaths on July 27, 2022. The symptoms range from cold-like symptoms, cough, fever, shortness of breath, and sore throat; additionally, studies show that patients frequently have problems with smell and taste disorders (STD). Aim: We aim to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19-related anosmia, hyposmia, and parosmia in Alahssa, Saudi Arabia and establish the level of awareness of smell exercises. Patients and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among adults aged 18–60 living in Alahssa, Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire containing an informed consent form and a survey to collect demographic data, vaccination status, level of loss of smell and taste, and the level of awareness about smell exercises was distributed among all participants who agreed to participate in this study. Results: Five hundred twenty-four adults agreed to participate in this study. When we assessed their awareness of the smelling exercise, it was found that only 115 patients (21.9%) were aware. About 49 patients (61.3%) practiced the smelling exercise, and 55% reported improvements afterward. Conclusion: The prevalences of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction were found to be 54.6% and 52.5%, respectively. Awareness of olfactory training was moderately low among those infected with COVID-19, while 28% of the patients who had experienced olfactory disturbances were aware of this training. Active, collaborative research is essential for describing the natural history and effective therapy of chemosensory impairment in COVID-19.
Potential of geo-neutrino measurements at JUNO

The flux of geoneutrinos at any point on the Earth is a function of the abundance and distribution of radioactive elements within our planet. This flux has been successfully detected by the 1-kt KamLAND and 0.3-kt Borexino detectors, with these measurements being limited by their low statistics. The planned 20-kt JUNO detector will provide an exciting opportunity to obtain a high statistics measurement, which will provide data to address several questions of geological importance. This paper presents the JUNO detector design concept, the expected geo-neutrino signal and corresponding backgrounds. The precision level of geo-neutrino measurements at JUNO is obtained with the standard least-squares method. The potential of the Th/U ratio and mantle measurements is also discussed.
Evaluation of Sprinkler Application Rate Models Used in Frost Protection1

Two related sprinkler application rate models used in frost protection, published in the mid-1960s, are shown to include an assumption leading to the erroneous conclusion that humidity does not affect the determination of the application rate. A third, 1981 model documents the effect humidity has on the application rate calculation. A distribution factor accounting for nonuniform application is described.
FAR-ULTRAVIOLET STUDY OF THE LOCAL SUPERSHELL GSH 006–15+7

We have analyzed the archival data of far-UV (FUV) observations for the region of GSH 006–15+7, a large shell-like structure discovered by Moss et al. from the H i velocity maps. FUV emission is seen to be enhanced in the lower supershell region. The FUV emission is considered to come mainly from the scattering of interstellar photons by dust grains. A corresponding Monte Carlo simulation indicates that the distance to the supershell is 1300 ± 800 pc, which is similar to the previous estimation of 1500 ± 500 pc based on kinematic considerations. The spectrum at lower Galactic latitudes of the supershell exhibits molecular hydrogen fluorescence lines; a simulation model for this candidate photodissociation region yields an H2 column density of N(H2) = 10 18.0 − 20.0 ? > cm−2 with a rather high total hydrogen density of nH ∼ 30 cm−3.
Drift-Aware Edge Intelligence for Remaining Useful Life Prediction in Industrial Internet of Things

Advances in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) enable complex machine data analysis and information extraction to improve manufacturing throughput. However, existing approaches are fixated on improving prediction accuracy and overlook the implications of model drift on edge-based devices. For this reason, we present a real-time system for monitoring RUL model performance drift via incremental learning. Besides, edge devices are compute and memory bounded with diverse configurations. To address this problem, we propose to re-train the RUL prediction model on an edge server and conduct extensive experiments to determine the optimal quantity of batch-sized data that exhibits the lowest error deviation compared to tabula rasa model training. Our findings demonstrate that incremental training yields an average training time savings of 60% for an open-source industrial dataset while incurring a mean difference of −1.1% and −4.9% for prognostics performance metrics root-mean-square-error and score, respectively.
A New Luminous Blue Variable in the Giant Extragalactic H II Region NGC 2363

We report the discovery of an erupting luminous blue variable (LBV) star in the giant H II region NGC 2363, the most massive star-forming region in the Magellanic irregular galaxy NGC 2366. This LBV, presently the visually brightest star in the galaxy (MV ~ -10.2), was first noticed in Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images taken in 1996 January. An archival search allowed us to determine the onset of the present outburst. This star was not visible in 1991 nor 1992, but appeared in late 1993. In early 1995, it became the brightest star in the galaxy. The spectrum of the LBV displays a strong Hα emission line, as well as blueshifted absorption lines of He I.
Variation at the Cellular Level

Certain plant species have been propagated clonally over long periods of time using classical techniques. Variants occasionally appear, but usually in relatively low frequencies (31). Thus, “carbon copies” of the parent plant might have been expected when tissue explants and single cells were first isolated and regenerated into plants by cell-culture techniques. Most regenerated plants are, in fact, apparent exact copies of the parent plant (40, 41). However, some culture systems now available for commercial propagation and research purposes appear to produce cell cultures and regenerated plants with considerable phenotypic variability.
Infalling clouds on to supermassive black hole binaries - II. Binary evolution and the final parsec problem

The formation of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) is an unavoidable outcome of galaxy evolution via successive mergers. However, the mechanism that drives their orbital evolution from parsec separations down to the gravitational wave (GW) dominated regime is poorly understood, and their final fate is still unclear. If such binaries are embedded in gas-rich and turbulent environments, as observed in remnants of galaxy mergers, the interaction with gas clumps (such as molecular clouds) may efficiently drive their orbital evolution. Using numerical simulations, we test this hypothesis by studying the dynamical evolution of an equal-mass, circular MBHB accreting infalling molecular clouds. We investigate different orbital configurations, modelling a total of 13 systems to explore different possible impact parameters and relative inclinations of the cloud-binary encounter. We focus our study on the prompt, transient phase during the first few orbits when the dynamical evolution of the binary is fastest, finding that this evolution is dominated by the exchange of angular momentum through gas capture by the individual black holes and accretion. Building on these results, we construct a simple model for evolving a MBHB interacting with a sequence of clouds, which are randomly drawn from reasonable populations with different levels of anisotropy in their angular momenta distributions. We show that the binary efficiently evolves down to the GW emission regime within a few hundred million years, overcoming the 'final parsec' problem regardless of the stellar distribution.
What does an experimental test of quantum contextuality prove or disprove?

The possibility of experimentally testing the Bell–Kochen–Specker theorem is investigated critically, following the demonstrations by Meyer, Kent, and Clifton–Kent that the predictions of quantum mechanics are indistinguishable (up to arbitrary precision) from those of a non-contextual model, and the subsequent debate about the extent to which these models are actually classical or non-contextual. The present analysis starts from a careful consideration of these ‘finite-precision’ approximations. A stronger condition for non-contextual models, dubbed ontological faithfulness, is exhibited. It is shown that this allows us to approximately formulate the constraints in Bell–Kochen–Specker theorems, such as to render the usual proofs robust. Consequently, one can experimentally test to finite precision ontologically faithful non-contextuality, and thus experimentally refute explanations from this smaller class. We include a discussion of the relation of ontological faithfulness to other proposals to overcome the finite precision objection. This article is part of a special issue of Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical devoted to ‘50 years of Bell’s theorem’.
Dynamics of states in the nonlinear interaction regime between a three-level atom and generalized coherent states and their non-classical features

The present study investigates the interaction of an equidistant three-level atom and a single-mode cavity field that has been initially prepared in a generalized coherent state. The atom–field interaction is considered to be, in general, intensity-dependent. We suppose that the nonlinearity of the initial generalized coherent state of the field and the intensity-dependent coupling between atom and field are distinctly chosen. Interestingly, an exact analytical solution for the time evolution of the state of atom–field system can be found in this general regime in terms of the nonlinearity functions. Finally, the presented formalism has been applied to a few known physical systems such as Gilmore–Perelomov and Barut–Girardello coherent states of SU(1,1) group, as well as a few special cases of interest. Mean photon number and atomic population inversion will be calculated, in addition to investigating particular non-classicality features such as revivals, sub-Poissonian statistics and quadratures squeezing of the obtained states of the entire system. Also, our results will be compared with some of the earlier works in this particular subject.
A survey of extended H2 emission from massive YSOs

We present the results from a survey, designed to investigate the accretion process of massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) through near infrared narrow band imaging using the H$_2$ $\nu$=1-0 S(1) transition filter. A sample of 353 Massive Young Stellar Object (MYSO) candidates was selected from the Red MSX Source survey using photometric criteria at longer wavelengths (infrared and submillimeter) and chosen with positions throughout the Galactic Plane. Our survey was carried out at the SOAR Telescope in Chile and CFHT in Hawaii covering both hemispheres. The data reveal that extended H$_2$ emission is a good tracer of outflow activity, which is a signpost of accretion process on young massive stars. Almost half of the sample exhibit extended H$_2$ emission and 74 sources (21\%) have polar morphology, suggesting collimated outflows. The polar-like structures are more likely to appear on radio-quiet sources, indicating these structures occur during the pre-UCHII phase. We also found an important fraction of sources associated with fluorescent H$_2$ diffuse emission that could be due to a more evolved phase. The images also indicate only $\sim$23\% (80) of the sample is associated with extant (young) stellar clusters. These results support the scenario in which massive stars are formed by accretion disks, since the merging of low mass stars would not produce outflow structures.
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to ttbb production at the LHC

In this contribution, we summarize the results from an NLO computation of the production of ttbb in hadronic collisions. The results are obtained by combining two programs: Helac-1Loop, based on the OPP method and the reduction code CutTools, for the virtual one-loop matrix elements and Helac-Dipoles for the real-emission contributions. Selected numerical results are presented for the LHC.
“How dare you?”—The normative challenge posed by Fridays for Future

Meeting the Paris Agreement will require unprecedented social change that goes hand in hand with technological and economic innovations. Research suggests that normative change, the change in what is perceived as normal or morally acceptable, can drive wider large-scale social change, i.e., change in legislation, policy, and behaviour. Normative change often starts with a normative challenge, i.e., practices considered normal, come to be seen as morally repugnant. In this paper we explore the normative challenge posed by Fridays for Future, analysing computationally a large data set of tweets in the context of this protest movement to understand the normative framework that challenges business as usual. We show that Friday for Future’s normative framework makes the shared, unjust casualty experience of young people because of the unmitigated climate crisis accessible to the public. The victims are now in spatial, temporal, and social proximity, they are our children and grandchildren, and this makes the normative challenge of the status quo (continuation of fossil-fuel based economy) so potent. The normative framework references human rights and duty of care when establishing an anti-fossil-fuel norm and prescribes solidarity with climate victims in the Global South, activism and seeking solutions that are based in science.
Low-Power SAR ADCs: Basic Techniques and Trends

With the advent of small, battery-powered devices, power efficiency has become of paramount importance. For analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), the successive approximation register (SAR) architecture plays a prominent role thanks to its ability to combine power efficiency with a simple architecture, a broad application scope, and technology portability. In this review article, the basic design challenges for low-power SAR ADCs are summarized and several design techniques are illustrated. Furthermore, the limitations of SAR ADCs are outlined and hybrid architecture trends, such as noise-shaping SAR ADCs and pipelined SAR ADCs, are briefly introduced and clarified with examples.
An Extension of Partial Element Equivalent Circuit Method for Frequency Selective Surface Analysis

In this communication, an extension of a partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method for frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) modeling is presented. Based on Floquet’s theorem and dyadic periodic Green’s functions of a layered medium, the general PEEC formulations and models for periodical structures are deduced, and Poisson’s sum formula is used to improve the convergence speed. Furthermore, the extension is also performed by developing a normalized-current-based simplified PEEC (NCB simplified PEEC), which can accelerate the calculation of the scattering coefficients significantly. Also, the circuit parameters within the interested frequency band are related to the FSS geometric parameters, which is beneficial to the optimization of FSS. The scattering coefficients of both patch and slot FSSs with a dielectric substrate are calculated, which agree well with those calculated by electromagnetic simulation software Altair FEKO 2020.