Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nandrolone Decanoate (Anabolic Steroid) on the Liver and Kidney of Male Albino Rats and the Role of Antioxidant (Antox-Silymarin) as Adjuvant Therapy

Background and objective: The present study is determining the effect of Nandrolone Decanoate (ND) administration on the liver and kidney of white male albino rats. In addition, study the possible protective effect of administration of Antox and Silymarin on ND. Methods: The sample consisted of 110 male albino rats that divided into eleven groups treated by Nandrolone Decanoate at a dose of 7.93 mg/kg and 11.9 mg/kg then treated by Silymarin or Antox or both for 8 weeks. The variations in the body weight and weight of liver & kidney organs of rats are determined in all different groups in addition to the variation in liver enzymes (ALT-AST), bilirubin level, kidney function tests: Creatinine and blood urea level among different study groups are measured. The present study represents the hepatic and renal histological changes observed among the different groups. Results: The highest increase in liver weight the group was treated by ND low dose while the least value of liver weight noted at group is treated by ND high dose. The combination of Silymarin and Antox with ND at high and low dose showed the best results of liver weight. The highest increase in kidney weight showed at ND high dose group while the best result in reduce the kidney weight showed in rats treated by ND low dose with Antox. The highest increase of liver enzymes showed among ND high dose group while the more decrease in liver enzymes showed in groups treated with the combination of Silymarin and Antox with ND at low and high dose. The highest value showed in the group treated by ND high dose while the more decrease in kidney function tests showed in groups treated by the combination of Silymarin and Antox with ND at low and high dose. Conclusion: The combination of Silymarin and Antox with ND showed the best improvement in liver and renal tissue changes, these means synergistic action to protect the hepato-renal cells against harmful effect of ND by their antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.
Genetic differentiation and reduced genetic diversity at the northern range edge of two species with different dispersal modes

Theory predicts that genetic variation should be reduced at range margins, but empirical support is equivocal. Here, we used genotyping‐by‐sequencing technology to investigate genetic variation in central and marginal populations of two species in the marine gastropod genus Crepidula. These two species have different development and dispersal types and might therefore show different spatial patterns of genetic variation. Both allelic richness and the proportion of private alleles were highest in the most central populations of both species, and lower at the margin. The species with low dispersal, Crepidula convexa, showed high degrees of structure throughout the range that conform to the pattern found in previous studies using other molecular markers. The northernmost populations of the high‐dispersing species, Crepidula fornicata, are distinct from more central populations, although this species has been previously observed to have little genetic structure over much of its range. Although genetic diversity was significantly lower at the range margin, the absolute reduction in diversity observed with these genomewide markers was slight, and it is not yet known whether there are functional consequences for the marginal populations.
Clinical performance of drug-eluting stents with biodegradable polymeric coating: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

AIMS Different biodegradable-polymer drug-eluting stents have not yet been systematically analysed. We sought to; 1) evaluate the risk of target lesion revascularisation (TLR) and definite stent thrombosis (DST) among different groups of biodegradable-polymer (BioPol) DES, and 2) to compare them with permanent polymer (PermPol) DES. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched PubMed and relevant sources from January 2005 until October 2010. Inclusion criteria were (a) Implantation of a drug-eluting stent with biodegradable polymer; (b) available follow-up data for at least one of the clinical end-points (TLR/DST) at short term (30 days) and/or mid-term (one year). A total of 22 studies, including randomised and observational studies, with 8264 patients met the selection criteria; nine studies (2042 patients) in whom biodegradable-polymer sirolimus eluting stents (BioPol-SES) were implanted, eight studies (1731 patients) in whom biodegradable-polymer paclitaxel eluting stents (BioPol-PES) were implanted, and seven studies (4491 patients) in whom biodegradable-polymer biolimus-A9 eluting stents (BioPol-BES) were implanted. At 30 days, there was a higher risk of DST (p=0.04) and subsequently TLR (p=0.006) in the BioPol-BES compared to BioPol-SES, with no significant difference in the other stent comparisons. At 1-year, there was higher risk of TLR in the BioPol-PES (p=0.01), and the BioPol-SES (p=0.04) compared to BioPol-BES. One-year stent thrombosis was not statistically different between the studied groups (overall p=0.2). In another analysis comprising seven randomised trials comparing BioPol-DES (3778 patients) and PermPol-DES (3291 patients), the risks of TLR and stent thrombosis at 1-year were not significantly different (p=0.5 for both). CONCLUSIONS Performance of different BioPol-DES seems to vary from each other. The short- and mid-term success rates may not be superimposable. Furthermore, they may not be necessarily better than PermPol-DES.
A newly discovered flavivirus in the yellow fever virus group displays restricted replication in vertebrates.

A novel flavivirus, provisionally named Bamaga virus (BgV), was isolated from Culex annulirostris mosquitoes collected from northern Australia. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence of the BgV genome revealed it clustered with the yellow fever virus (YFV) group, and was most closely related to Edge Hill virus (EHV), another Australian flavivirus, with 61.9% nucleotide and 63.7% amino acid sequence identity. Antigenic analysis of the envelope and pre-membrane proteins of BgV further revealed epitopes common to EHV, dengue and other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. However, in contrast to these viruses, BgV displayed restricted growth in a range of vertebrate cell lines with no or relatively slow replication in inoculated cultures. There was also restricted BgV replication in virus-challenged mice. Our results indicate that BgV is an evolutionary divergent member of the YFV group of flaviviruses, and represents a novel system to study mechanisms of virus host-restriction and transmission.
Composite Measurement of Scoliosis: A New Method of Analysis of the Deformity

A method of calculation of biplanar spinal deformity in which the frontal Cobb angle is added to the deviation from normal sagittal alignment is presented. Three equivalent groups of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated by different surgical methods are presented. When only the frontal Cobb method of comparison was used, results were similar. When the composite measurement that takes into account sagittal changes was used, the Harrington instrumentation group showed significantly poorer results than the Luque rod and Cotrel-Dubousset rod groups. The composite measurement, considering sagittal alignment, is a significantly more valid method of description of the scoliotic deformity and of comparison of treatment methods.
Adult intussusception--a surgical dilemma.

BACKGROUND Adult intussusception is rare. It is expected to be found in 1/30,000 of all hospital admissions, 1/1300 of all abdominal operations, 1/30-1/100 of all cases operated for intestinal obstruction and one case of adult intussusception for every 20 childhood ones. METHODS The authors encountered 4 cases of adult intussusception. M:F ratio was 1:1. Mean age was 47years. Small bowel obstruction was documented in all. They were investigated by radiographs, ultrasound exam, barium studies, endoscopy and CT scan. RESULTS All however were diagnosed at operation although some pre-operative suspicion was raised in one case. All had a laparotomy. Two were ileo-ileal and two ileo-caecal intussusceptions. One was chronic intussusceptions and three sub-acute. One intussusception had a malignancy (lymphoma) as a lead point. Two had a submucous lipoma at the apex. In an interesting case the suture knot from a recent small bowel anastomosis (2-3 weeks prior) was forming the lead point of the intussusception! The 2 ileo-ileal intussusceptions had segmental resection. Right hemicolectomy was done for the 2 ileo-caecal cases. "Target lesion" and leumen-within-leumen were the CT hallmarks on review. Retrospective barium enema review failed to show the intussusception. This may suggest the intussusception may have been recurrent or chronic. All 4 recovered uneventfully and remained well. One patient was referred for chemotherapy for intestinal lymphoma. CONCLUSION Adult intussusception remains a rare cause of abdominal pain. The treatment almost always is surgical.
A synthetic vaccine constructed by copolymerization of B and T cell determinants

Synthetic vaccines are based on the identification of short peptide sequences responsible for inducing a protective immune response. These sequences could contain B and/ or T cell determinants. In this study, we have examined the recognition by B and T mouse lymphocytes of several synthetic peptides corresponding to regions of a bacterial and two viral proteins. These include a streptococcal S‐34 peptide, H(99‐121) and two other synthetic hepatitis B virus surface peptides. A lymph node proliferation assay was employed to detect T cell determinants. Limiting dilution analysis was used to estimate the frequency of clonal precursor B cells specific for an antigenic determinant.
[Septic arthritis of finger joints].

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Septic arthritis of finger joints is rare and its management not standardized. The outcome of all consecutive patients with finger joint arthritis was analyzed in terms of risk factors, surgical technique, antimicrobial therapy and hand therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data of 31 patients with surgical treatment between 1993 and 2005 were screened and those from 29 patients with > 1 year of follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical techniques were debridement, primary, secondary arthrodesis or temporary joint distraction with external fixation. In addition, all patients were treated with antibiotics and hand physiotherapy. The median follow-up of the 29 patients was 5.7 years. RESULTS The most frequent cause was work injury (19/29), the leading causing agent Staphylococcus aureus (9/29). Overall 16/29 (55 %) of the patients with follow-up had a good result regarding healing of infection, lack of pain and fair function. Primary arthrodesis was performed in 3, secondary arthrodesis in 4 patients. 3 patients were treated with temporary external fixation for three weeks. Cartilage damage detected during surgery (p = 0.01) was the significant risk factor for a bad outcome. The median delay to treatment was 4 days (1 - 550 days). Antibiotics were given for a median of 2 days by the iv-route and 17 days orally. CONCLUSIONS Septic arthritis of finger joints should be early recognized and immediately treated with surgery and antibiotics, in order to avoid cartilage damage. If cartilage is already damaged, primary arthrodesis with the use of an external fixation is indicated.
An analysis of MIMO-OFDM for shallow water acoustic communications

Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) techniques are currently extensively considered in underwater acoustic (UWA) communications to overcome the bandwidth limitation of under-sea channel. Associated with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, MIMO techniques provide substantial gain in spectral efficiency and fair robustness against frequency fading while keeping simple equalizer structure. In this paper, we study accurately the gain provided by MIMO-OFDM paradigm over Shallow Water Acoustic (SWA) channel by taking into account channel characteristics as well as OFDM parameters.
Menaquinone-Specific Prenyl Reductase from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus

ABSTRACT Four genes that encode the homologues of plant geranylgeranyl reductase were isolated from a hyperthermophilic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus, which produces menaquinone with a fully saturated heptaprenyl side chain, menaquinone-7(14H). The recombinant expression of one of the homologues in Escherichia coli led to a distinct change in the quinone profile of the host cells, although the homologue is the most distantly related to the geranylgeranyl reductase. The new compounds found in the profile had successively longer elution times than those of ordinary quinones from E. coli, i.e., menaquinone-8 and ubiquinone-8, in high-performance liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase column. Structural analyses of the new compounds by electron impact-mass spectrometry indicated that their molecular masses progressively increase relative to the ordinary quinones at a rate of 2 U but that they still contain quinone head structures, strongly suggesting that the compounds are quinones with partially saturated prenyl side chains. In vitro assays with dithionite as the reducing agent showed that the prenyl reductase is highly specific for menaquinone-7, rather than ubiquinone-8 and prenyl diphosphates. This novel enzyme noncovalently binds flavin adenine dinucleotide, similar to geranylgeranyl reductase, but was not able to utilize NAD(P)H as the electron donor, unlike the plant homologue.
Towards multimodal emotion recognition in e-learning environments

This paper presents a framework (FILTWAM (Framework for Improving Learning Through Webcams And Microphones)) for real-time emotion recognition in e-learning by using webcams. FILTWAM offers timely and relevant feedback based upon learner's facial expressions and verbalizations. FILTWAM's facial expression software module has been developed and tested in a proof-of-concept study. The main goal of this study was to validate the use of webcam data for a real-time and adequate interpretation of facial expressions into extracted emotional states. The software was calibrated with 10 test persons. They received the same computer-based tasks in which each of them were requested 100 times to mimic specific facial expressions. All sessions were recorded on video. For the validation of the face emotion recognition software, two experts annotated and rated participants’ recorded behaviours. Expert findings were contrasted with the software results and showed an overall value of kappa of 0.77. An overall accuracy of our software based on the requested emotions and the recognized emotions is 72%. Whereas existing software only allows not-real time, discontinuous and obtrusive facial detection, our software allows to continuously and unobtrusively monitor learners' behaviours and converts these behaviours directly into emotional states. This paves the way for enhancing the quality and efficacy of e-learning by including the learner's emotional states.
The St. Jude Medical cardiac valve versus the Björk-Shiley prosthetic valve in the mitral position: a preliminary report.

The St. Jude Medical (SJM) prosthetic valve has become a valuable alternative in patients in whom a mechanical valve prosthesis is preferred or medically indicated. This report summarizes and compares the authors’ experience with the Bjork-Shiley (BS) and SJM valves in the mitral position. Between 1974 and 1981, 73 patients (mean age, 55.1 years) underwent valve replacement with BS valves, and from 1980 to 1983, 38 patients underwent valve replacement with SJM prostheses in the mitral position (hospital mortality, 10%). Age, sex, dominant mitral pathology, incidence of atrial fibrillation, severity of coronary artery disease, and postoperative anticoagulation were equivalent for both groups. Complete follow-up results are available for all operative survivors to July 1983. SJM valves appear to be superior to BS valves in terms of late deaths (0 SJM; 6.0 BS per 100 patient years) and valve thrombosis (0 SJM; 1.3 BS per 100 patient years). In patients who require a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis, the SJM valve merits consideration.
Re‐transformation of non‐transformed hybrids between c‐myc‐activating mouse plasmacytoma cells and normal fibroblasts by transfection with activated c‐Ha‐ras but not c‐myc

In a mouse plasmacytoma S194, c‐myc oncogene is rearranged with Ig gene by chromosomal translocation and consequently activated. We previously reported that transformation of phenotype and expression of rearranged c‐myc were repressed in independently isolated hybrid clones, I‐1 and IV‐10, between S194 and normal fibroblasts. In order to investigate the relationship between transformation of phenotype and oncogene expression, transcriptionally enhanced c‐myc or activated c‐Ha‐ras was transfected into I‐1 or IV‐101, a subclone IV‐10. Transfectants expressing high levels of c‐myc were found to retain the non‐transformed phenotypes. On the other hand, transfectants expressing activated c‐Ha‐ras showed the transformed phenotypes. These results suggest that enhanced expression of c‐myc is not sufficient for re‐transformation of the non‐transformed hybrid clones between c‐myc‐activating plasmacytoma cells and normal fibroblasts, but expression of activated c‐Ha‐ras could diminish or overcome the tumor‐suppressive activity of normal fibroblasts.
SEVERE VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVANCED‐STAGE DEMENTIA IN GERIATRIC INPATIENTS

kind of personal conflicts with this paper. This work was funded by Grant RO1AG17649 from the National Institute on Aging and by a Paul Beeson Physician Faculty Scholarship in Aging Research to Dr. Marcantonio. Author Contributions: Marcantonio: drafting the letter. Bergmann, Kiely, Orav, and Jones: critical revision of the letter. Sponsor’s Role: The funding agencies had no role in the preparation of this letter. The authors retained full autonomy in the preparation of this letter.
Further evidence of relation between prenatal famine and major affective disorder.

OBJECTIVE In a previous study, the authors demonstrated an association between prenatal famine in middle to late gestation and major affective disorders requiring hospitalization. In this study, they sought to examine the association by using newly identified cases from the Dutch birth cohort used previously to examine the gender specificity of the association and to assess whether this relation is present for both unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. METHOD The authors compared the risk of major affective disorder requiring hospitalization in birth cohorts who were and were not exposed, in each trimester of gestation, to famine during the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945. These cases of major affective disorder requiring hospitalization were newly ascertained from a national psychiatric registry. A larger data set from this registry was used for analysis by gender and diagnostic subtype. RESULTS For the newly ascertained cases, the risk of developing major affective disorder requiring hospitalization was increased for subjects with exposure to famine in the second trimester and was increased significantly for subjects with exposure in the third trimester, relative to unexposed subjects. For the cases from the entire period of ascertainment, the risk of developing affective disorder was significantly increased for those exposed to famine during the second and the third trimesters of gestation. The effects were demonstrated for men and women and for unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. CONCLUSIONS These results provide support for the authors' previous findings on the association between middle to late gestational famine and affective disorder.
ON ANTIDIABETIC ACTION OF ASANADI GANA

Herbs and herbal drugs have created interest among the people due to their various clinically proven effects and lack of side effect. Moreover the overuse of synthetic drug which result in higher incidence of adverse drug reaction, has motivated the human to revert to nature for safer herbal medicines. The current review focuses on Asanadi gana (group of drugs) and its potential in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, a major crippling disease worldwide leading to huge economic loss. The review describes, various aspect of Asanadi gana like active phytoconstituents having hypoglycemic action, pharmacological properties and mechanism of action of its ingredients. This review also focuses on the traditional therapeutic action of the asanadi gana dravyas mentioned in ancient classics. In various pharmacological studies, done in last few decades on the drugs of asanadi gana dravyas, it has been proved that almost all the constituents of asanadi gana, posses anti hyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant and other therapeutic properties.
Effect of the Level of Dietary Fat and Fat Type on Postprandial Calciuria and Involvement of Insulin

Postprandial calciuric responses to high and low protein meals are usually involves making meals isocalorific by adding extra fat to the low protein meals. In this study the effect of high fat meals and the type of fat on calciuria is examined to evaluate any effect it can have on evaluating protein induced hypercalciuria. Changes in urinary calcium, creatinine and phosphate are compared with serum calcium, creatinine, urea, protein and insulin. Group result show that the average postprandial calciuria was affected by the high fat meals compared to low fat meals and the type of fat had little effect. However the increase in calciuria in every case showed a plateau effect during the time of maximum insulinemia. Examination of individual results show that the individuals with less insulinemia exhibited greatest hypercalciuria and individuals with exaggerated insulinemia responses showed reduced hypercalciuria. Discussion is providing regarding the significance of the insulin in regard to hypercalciuria and possible mechanisms for it cause. A suggestion is made that diet induced calciuria could be used as a non-invasive measure of insulin insensitivity.
Modeling and optimization of electric vehicle charging load in a parking lot

Electric vehicle (EV) offers one of the most promising approaches towards reducing urban pollution. With EVs' integration into power grid for charging batteries, they can potentially have a significant impact on the distribution grid. This paper discusses the modeling of a charging station for analysis of charging load demand in a residential parking lot with the assumption that EV arrivals follow Poisson distribution. Then, a simulation framework to generate the charging load profiles is proposed. Furthermore, Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to obtain the stochastic feature parameter of charging start time, and an optimal charging strategy based on the model is developed to reduce the power fluctuation level caused by EV charging. Compared with results of the uncontrolled case, simulation results indicate that the proposed charging start time optimal algorithm not only slightly meets EV owners' charging demand but also significantly reduces peak and filling valley, mitigating the impact of EV charging on the distribution network.