Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scalable architecture for VoIP privacy

An access network for Voice over IP (VoIP) clients (e.g. DOCSIS-based HFC network) often provides a privacy service. However, such a privacy service is limited only to that access network. When VoIP packets are carried over an open IP network or over a network with some connections to the Internet, it is desirable to provide an end-to-end privacy service where each VoIP packet is encrypted at the source and decrypted at the terminating endpoint. Clearly, public key encryption cannot be applied to each voice packet; the performance would be unacceptable regardless of the choice of a public key algorithm. The only alternative is for the two VoIP endpoints to negotiate a shared symmetric key. Since VoIP connections are established only for duration of a phone call, the end-to-end key negotiation needs to occur during each call setup. And it should not noticeably delay the call setup phase. In order to provide end-to-end privacy, it is not sufficient to encrypt all messages between the two endpoints. It is important that the two endpoints authenticate each other - validate each other's identity. Without authentication an adversary might trick two VoIP clients to negotiate keys with her and then sit in the middle of their conversation and record each VoIP packet, before forwarding it to the intended destination. However, direct authentication of the two VoIP endpoints is not always possible in telephony networks - in particular when caller ID blocking services are enabled. To support such anonymity services, it may be sufficient to authenticate not the identity of the caller but the fact that it is a valid subscriber and that all subsequent signaling and voice traffic will be coming from the same source. The PacketCable specifications provide an example of a VoIP architecture with end-to-end privacy that meets the above stated criteria. This paper describes the PacketCable end-to-end privacy approach and suggests additional mechanisms that may be used to further strengthen VoIP privacy under the PacketCable architecture.
Robot path generation for surface processing applications via neural networks

This paper presents a hierarchical method, based on a deterministic variant of the self-organizing map, that provides an elegant solution for automated surface processing, e.g. for robot painting and sand-blasting. Given a set of data points in arbitrary order from the object surface, the proposed method is able to generate a path, where the robot hand position and its direction are optimized using separate criteria, and the tool path is smooth and covers the object uniformly. Input data may come from a laser measurement system, CAD model, digital camera, or from human assisted object digitizing system. The algorithm is reliable and easy to implement, and a good alternative for costly manual training of a robot.
Data Integrity and Availability in Cloud Computing Based on Megastore

Cloud computing provides means of increasing the capacity or adding the capabilities which releases the heavy data user. It provides gigantic storage for data and faster computing to the customers on the internet. It transfers database and application software from the data owner to the cloud where management and maintenance of data take place. Security of data in cloud is one of the major issues which acts as an obstacle in the development of cloud computing. In this paper, an efficient model is proposed to protect the data in the process of transferring data to the cloud and get the data from the cloud. We take many precautions and measures to guarantee the security of data. To shield owners data from the malicious third party, RSA is used to encrypt data to cipher text. Because it is difficult to search data from the encrypted data, we take the technique of index the document by the keyword and then encrypt the index and send index with encrypted original data. To check the integrity of data, digital signature is taken to identify modifications of data. This article also introduces the concrete the underlying datacenter structure named Megastore and how Megastore functions seamlessly width owners while owners store data and retrieve data from the underlying datacenter. Megastore stores fine-gained partitions of data into different datacenters and the partitioning allows us to synchronously replicate each write to across wide area with reasonable latency and support seamless failover between different datacenters.
Modeling of Wireless Network Security Authentication Protocol Based on SPIN

It’s important to insure wireless network authentication security. Via model checking tool SPIN modeling 802.1x EAP-TLS authentication protocol, communication parts are defined with model checking language PROMELA, security properties are expressed by LTL formula, and the model is verified. With the attack track given by SPIN, the security vulnerabilities caused by the improper configuration is pointed out, meanwhile the new tunnel authentication protocol is proposed to reduce the occurrence of attack and to improve the agreement.
Qualified Product Concept Design Needs a Proper Combination of Pencil-aided Design and Model-aided Design Before Product Data Management

Summary Working with computer-aided design (CAD) tools is not the optimal way of working during the initial stages of new product development, re-engineering product development or production tool development. This is due to the fact that CAD programs force engineers to build the products up from exactly defined details and not from the totality of the concept down to the details. To save time and money making creative products the engineers instead should gradually proceed from greater roughness in dimensions and shape towards smaller tolerances and well-defined surfaces as the end result captured in product data management (PDM) format. An ideal engineering pathway from project start to production-ready product is rough sketching (pencil-aided design-PAD), rough physical modeling (model aided design-MAD) before different computer-aided engineering (CAE) tools are finally used.
Design and Control of a Wearable Stewart Platform-Type Ankle-Foot Assistive Device

The design and control of an active ankle-foot rehabilitation orthotic system that was designed as a wearable and portable rehabilitation and walking assistive tool is presented. This device can measure and assist the six degree of freedoms (DOFs) movement of the human ankle joint by using a Stewart platform mechanism, which can adapt to the displacement of the rotation axis during the movement of a human foot. The estimation method of an instantaneous rotation axis of ankle-foot motion is also proposed. In this paper, the motion measurement and motion control performance of the developed assistive device is evaluated. Static and dynamic motion measurement and motion reproduction performance verification experiments are conducted. The experimental results showed that the developed assistive device is enough for measuring and controlling the human ankle-foot motion.
Virtual Reference Service Quality: Critical Components for Adults and the Net-Generation

Abstract The project, “Seeking Synchronicity: Evaluating Virtual Reference Services from User, Non-User, and Librarian Perspectives,” studied the habits and needs of virtual reference services (VRS) users to identify characteristics for informing library system and service development. The results of the online surveys and telephone interviews for users of VRS are the focus of this paper. One hundred thirty-seven VRS users completed web-based online surveys and 76 completed telephone interviews. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, grounded theme analyses, and the Critical Incident Technique. Findings indicate that participants had used other modes of reference service. However, they found chat reference to be the least intimidating mode. The leading factor for choosing VRS was convenience. Anytime/anywhere access to VRS, its immediacy, and efficiency were factors in service selection. Knowledgeable librarians with positive attitudes and good communication skills also were found to be critical. Results for members of the Net Gen were compared to those of older adults. Both Net Gen (Net Generation) and adult participants were likely to be repeat users and had positive reactions to VRS. Net Gens were more likely to use the service if it was recommended to them. It was also more desirable to the younger VRS users to have the ability to develop a personal relationship with the librarian and to interact with a specific, familiar librarian. Users of VRS want librarians to provide specific information quickly, through a variety of formats. This article provides implications and recommendations for practice and library education. Librarians need to provide accurate information in a variety of service modes in a hybrid reference model that provides convenient, authoritative, reliable services to meet an array of diverse needs and communication preferences.
A low-cost frequency response analyser

The standard Fourier technique for the extraction of the real and imaginary components of a frequency response has been used for many years in commercially available instruments, but their high cost has greatly restricted their use. The paper describes a simple implementation of the Fourier technique which, by use of ingenious circuitry and the rejection of some non-essential facilities, achieves good performance over the most useful frequency range at a fraction of the cost of the more ambitious instruments.
Automatic Detection of Shared Fragments in Large Collections of Web Pages and its Applications

To reduce network-related delays in serving dynamic web pages, various approaches have been proposed. However, one of the common fundamental problems encountered in some representatives of them is how to automatically find shared fragments in large numbers of web pages. Besides, this problem is also encountered in studies of web content characteristics at fragment granularity. This paper gives a formal definition of the problem, presents an efficient and scalable algorithm for it, and introduces the applications of the algorithm. In the problem definition, we introduce the notion of compound fragment, and our definition of maximal shared fragment captures the real characteristics of fragments that are appropriate for delivery and caching individually. Our algorithm has two unique features: (1) it is able to find real maximal shared fragments (2) it is able to effectively handle large collections of web pages by utilizing database techniques. The algorithm has been implemented and applied to 16 large sets of web pages. The experiments show that the algorithm can effectively handle large numbers of web pages, and can provide significant bandwidth saving and latency reduction when used in fragment-based web caching.
A model of the surface-recorded motor-unit action potential

A model has been developed of the surface-recorded motor-unit action potential (MUAP) in terms of the gross anatomical properties of the motor unit. The MUAP is modeled as arising from six current sources (two tripoles). To account for the distribution of fibers and endplates, each current source is diffused throughout a volume defined by the motor unit's cross section and the length of the endplate zone. To account for the MUAP's initiation and termination, the space and time domains are treated separately: each source remains stationary at the endplate until its departure time, then moves along the muscle axis until it reaches the tendon, and then remains stationary there. The results of the model agree qualitatively with actual surface MUAPs, and quantitatively with results from a more complex model in which each MVAP is modeled individually. The results suggest that surface-recorded MUAPs can be used to estimate anatomical motor-unit properties such as size and depth. <<ETX>>
Global source optimization for MEEF and OPE

This work describes freeform source optimization considering mask error enhancement factor (MEEF), optical proximity effect (OPE), process window, and hardware-specific constraints. Our algorithm allows users to define maximum allowed MEEF and OPE error as constraints without defining weights among the metrics. We also consider hardware specific constraints, so that the optimized source is suitable to be realized in Nikon’s Intelligent Illumination hardware. Our approach utilizes a global optimization procedure to arrive at a freeform source shape solution, and since each source grid-point is assigned as variable, the source solution encompasses the maximum amount of degrees of freedom.
An analog front-end chip set employing an electro-optical mixed design on SPICE for 5-Gb/s/ch parallel optical interconnection

A chip set composed of a laser-diode driver (LDD) and an optical receiver (RCV), which incorporates a full 2D (reshape, regenerate) function, has been developed by using silicon bipolar technology for a four-channel 5-Gb/s parallel optical transceiver. An electro-optical mixed design on SPICE of the LDD and the LD is accomplished by describing the rate equations of the LD as an electrical circuit. This design accommodates easy connectivity of the LDD chip to the LD in the optical transmitter module without the need for adjustment of the optical waveform. A pseudobalanced transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and feedforward automatic decision threshold control (ATC) in the RCV minimize the number of off-chip bypass capacitors, eliminate the need for any off-chip coupling capacitors, and keep crosstalk less than -50 dB and low cutoff frequency less than 80 kHz. A prototype parallel optical transmitter module and a prototype receiver module, based on the chip set, demonstrated asynchronous four-channel 5-Gb/s operation. The chip set has a throughput of 20 Gb/s with a power dissipation of 1.3 W at a 3.3-V supply.
A Study on Similarity Comparison for File DNA-Based Metamorphic Malware Detection

This paper studied the detection technique using file DNA-based behavior pattern analysis in order to minimize damage to user system by malicious programs before signature or security patch is released. The file DNA-based detection technique was applied to defend against zero day attack and to minimize false detection, by remedying weaknesses of the conventional network-based packet detection technique and process-based detection technique. For the file DNA-based detection technique, abnormal behaviors of malware were splitted into network-related behaviors and process-related behaviors. This technique was employed to check and block crucial behaviors of process and network behaviors operating in user system, according to the fixed conditions, to analyze the similarity of behavior patterns of malware, based on the file DNA which process behaviors and network behaviors are mixed, and to deal with it rapidly through hazard warning and cut-off.
A comparison of statistical methods in interrupted time series analysis to estimate an intervention effect

Since the introduction of mandatory helmet legislation (MHL) in Australia, debate on the effect of MHL on cyclist head injuries has been ongoing. The debate sometimes revolves around the statistical methodology used to assess intervention effectiveness. Supporters of rescinding the MHL thereby encouraging cyclists to ride without helmets, regularly dismiss statistical evaluations as being flawed for various reasons. In a more general context, researchers want to estimate whether and how a policy intervention changed an outcome of interest. Quasi-experimental interrupted time series (ITS) is the most appropriate design to evaluate the longitudinal effects of policy interventions and segmented regression analysis is often used as a powerful statistical method for ITS. Recent research has employed a log-linear regression model for the hospital admission counts of head and limb injuries from New South Wales, Australia, from a 36 month period centred at the time of legislation. Estimation of the model was done using a frequentist approach. In this paper, we re-analyse this data using empirical Bayes and full Bayesian methods, since the use of these methods has become popular in road safety studies. In particular, we show how a full Bayesian method can be readily implemented in WinBUGS software. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method and describe and compare the different estimation methods in terms of parameter estimates. The results show that all three estimation methods give consistent conclusions regarding the positive effect of compulsory helmet wearing on cyclist head injuries in New South Wales.
Breathe contributes to the ERS Action Plan for Thoracic Oncology

Every year, 3.2 million Europeans are diagnosed with cancer. Lung cancer is the most common cancer in men, both worldwide and in the EU (European Union), killing ∼240,000 EU citizens yearly. Both incidence and mortality differ by sex and vary considerably among EU member states [1] reflecting the patterns of the tobacco pandemic model. Smoking (active or passive) causes ∼90% of all lung cancers. This makes lung cancer the single largest avoidable cause of death in the EU. Apart from avoiding inhalation of tobacco smoke, there is currently little or no evidence for other effective preventive strategies. In most EU countries, lung cancer incidence and mortality rates among men are higher than for women [1]. While these rates are now slowly declining in men, they are increasing in women. This observation is also linked to the smoking habits. In addition to lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma is an emerging thoracic …
Fast Face Recognition on GPUs

Face recognition is popular in the field of pattern recognition and image processing. However, traditional recognition technologies spend too long there are a lot of images to be recognized or trained for great accuracy in the recognition. Parallel computing is an effective way to improve the processing speed. With the improvement of GPU performance, its widely applied in computing-concentrated data operations. This paper presents a study of performance speedup achieved by applying GPU for face recognition based on PCA (Principal Component Analysis) algorithm. We successfully accelerated the testing phase by 6868-folds compared to a sequential C implementation when it has 100 test images and 2400 training images.
Geological, geophysical, and other technical and soft skills needed by geoscientists employed in the North American petroleum industry

The range of skills needed by petroleum geoscientists has increased in both range and content over recent decades. Using survey data collected from 62 American and Canadian oil companies, the author assessed and ranked more than 150 geoscientific, computer, and soft skills, as well as other capabilities, to identify what companies now require.According to respondents, the key components of a petroleum geoscientist's "skill profile" are knowledge of geology and geophysics (58%), computer science (18%), and certain nontechnical and soft skills that are essential in today's business environment (24%). Essential geoscientific skills are sedimentology, stratigraphy, petroleum geology, introductory geophysics, geophysical mapping, and interpretation and subsurface mapping techniques. Besides knowledge of basic computer operation skills, competency in presentation graphics and exposure to geoscience-specific computer operations are important. Key nontechnical and soft skills are critical thinking, willingness to learn, ethics, dependability, commitment, and initiative.Key math and business skills needed in the petroleum workplace are identified and assessed. Finally, to aid geoscience students, some current recruiting trends and the importance of work experience are reviewed. Large companies, the principal recruiters of inexperienced graduates, commonly expect recruits to be highly competent in these areas.Geoscience departments must ensure their curricula remain relevant if North America's oil industry is to remain competitive. Petroleum geoscience students must have knowledge of both geology and geophysics. More interdisciplinary courses need to be introduced, together with programs addressing business issues and soft skills, particularly ethics and teamwork. Internship or cooperative programs will help students gain some industry-related work experience prior to graduation.
Hybrid genetic algorithm based detection schemes for synchronous CDMA systems

We applied a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) scheme as a suboptimal multiuser detection technique in bit-synchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) systems over a Gaussian channel as well as over a single-path Rayleigh fading channel. The proposed hybrid GA scheme attempts to search for the users' transmitted bit sequence that optimizes the correlation metric employed. Simulation results showed that the BER performance of our proposed multiuser detector approaches the single-user performance bound, while imposing a lower complexity as compared to that of the optimum multiuser detection, especially for a high number of users. Furthermore, the parameters of the hybrid GA scheme can be adjusted, in order to attain a tradeoff between the computational complexity, BER performance and the detection time.
Measurement of Cr(VI) Based on Absorption Spectrum through Plastic Fiber

Considering the advantage of optic fiber, a methods of measuring Cr (VI) based on absorption spectrum through plastic fiber is introduced, which includes structure of measurement, experiment process, spectrum signal process. After signal processing based on low-pass filtering and non-linear fitting, five concentrations of Cr (VI) can be differed easily and the peak values of spectrum corresponding to five concentrations accord with the Longbow Bill's law . In this way, the measurement concentration can limit down to 0. 0.0660 μg/ml.
Developing a Geographic Visualization Tool to Support Earth Science Learning

This paper reports on the development and assessment of the EarthSystemsVisualizer (ESV), a geovisualization tool designed to facilitate learning about global weather. Our goals in designing ESV were to evaluate two exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) techniques, temporal brushing and temporal focusing,and to determine whether interactive geovisualization tools influence problem solving strategies, approaches to learning, and students' ability to generate hypotheses about earth-science processes. Focus group sessions were conducted with both expert and novice users to assess an initial design for the ESV interface prior to conducting a task-based assessment of ESV use. Changes were implemented in response to the focus group results, including the redesign of a temporal legend and improved speed and direction controls. Our task-based assessment considered student reactions to components of ESV, especially whether they could use it to answer questions about global-scale weather processes, and whether the system (particularly its focusing and brushing tools) had an impact on the hypotheses generated about relationships among weather variables. The assessment revealed that focusing and brushing had little impact on students' ability to answer questions about weather processes, and that performance suffered for students who were confused by the focusing and brushing tools. In fact, students who understood the tools performed the best, but students without the tools performed better than those who had the tools but were unsure how to use them. We also concluded that the level of the visualization system must be well matched to the knowledge users have about the application domain: students who already possessed an advanced understanding of meteorology or climatology benefited less and were more critical of the system than students with an intermediate or a novice level of understanding.