Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural, microstructural and electrical properties of yttrium-doped barium titanate for the elaboration of multilayer ceramic capacitors

Doped barium titanate (BaTiO3, BT) with rare-earth elements (REE) is used as dielectric in the manufacture of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). The most common REE oxide employed as dopant in the commercial formulation of BT powder for fabrication of MLCCs is Y2O3, because it results in similar properties than adding Ho2O3, Er2O3 or Dy2O3, and it is less expensive. Other additives, such as Mn, Mg, and Ca contribute to the global distribution of the electronic defects that can be generated when the doping ions are inserted into the lattice, while SiO2 is used as a sintering additive. The perovskite structure of the BT can host a wide range of dopants that can substitute either Ba or Ti in the lattice. There are reports of secondary phases, particularly those known as pyrochlores Y2Ti2O7, related to Y2O3 as BT dopant, that are supposed to be the cause of long term failure mechanisms of MLCC's under nominal operation. The purpose of this work is to characterize BT doped with different concentrations of Y2O3, validating its possible contribution to the formation of secondary phases, and evaluating reliability of MLCCs prepared with this kind of materials. The role of Y2O3 was evaluated on two kinds of raw materials, the first one is pure BaTiO3 (< 100 ppm Y) and the second kind is a commercial formulation designed for MLCCs known as X7R (-55 °C and 125 °C, 15% tolerance) which, among other elements, already contains 1 wt% of Y2O3. Powders and ceramics with different Y3+, as Y2O3, doping concentration (1 wt% up to 20 wt%) were prepared and subsequently thermally treated or sintered, respectively. Heat treatment of powder was conducted on air, while sintering of ceramics (powder compacted at 2 MPa) was carried out both, in air and reducing atmosphere (1310 °C in air for 3 h, two steps: 1310 °C then 1150 °C 15 h, and a reducing atmosphere N2, H2, H2O at 1310 °C for 3 h). Regarding Y2O3 addition, the phase transition from tetragonal to a mixture of tetragonal and cubic was observed as Y2O3 concentration increases in the thermally treated powder and in the corresponding ceramics. [. ]
A Masing BAaDE’s Window

Abstract We report on the Bulge Asymmetries and Dynamic Evolution (BAaDE) survey which has observed 19 000 MSX color selected red giant stars for SiO maser emission at 43 GHz with the VLA and is in the process of observing 9 000 of these stars with ALMA at 86 GHz in the Southern sky. Our setup covers the main maser transitions, as well as those of isotopologues and selected lines of carbon-bearing species. Observations of this set of lines allow a far-reaching catalog of line-of-sight velocities in the dust-obscured regions where optical surveys cannot reach. Our preliminary detection rate is close to 70%, predicting a wealth of new information on the distribution of metal rich stars, their kinematics as function of location in the Galaxy, as well as the occurrence of lines and line ratios between the different transitions in combination with the spectral energy distribution from about 1 to 100 μm. Similar to the OH/IR stars, a clear kinematic signature between disk and bulge stars can be seen. Furthermore, the SiO J = →10 (v=3) line plays a prominent role in the derived maser properties.
Coupling multi-criteria analysis and GLM for modelling houses vulnerability to forest fires at WUI

In the French Mediterranean context, a quite low number of damages are caused by the forest fires on anthropogenic values. The usual statistical correlative approaches for vulnerability modelling, aimed at explaining the observed damages with some local variables, may lack of repetitions in comparable conditions. To overcome this constraint, we coupled an expert opinion based multi-criteria analysis and modelling (MCM) approach and some generalized linear models (GLM) techniques in order to specify a vulnerability model validated in different contexts. The method consists in first defining an opinion based model of vulnerability using a multi-criteria analysis. The specified model allows calculating some vulnerability indexes in relation to the value of some vulnerability criteria. The relationship between the vulnerability indexes provided by the MCM outputs and the observed damages is then tested by comparing indexes values in the samples of comparably exposed damaged and non-damaged houses. Non-parametric tests have to be used due to the relatively low number of observations and the uncertainty of the distributions normality. Logistic binary regressions with a logit link function are then defined with the aim to explain damaged or non-damaged comparably exposed houses to fire by the MCM vulnerability indexes. In order to avoid autocorrelation effects, a shifted vulnerability index is integrated to the model as an additional explanatory variable, the auto-correlation having been previously assessed with the Moran index. If the binary regression is significant, a polytomic logistic regression is tested in order to assess the effect of the calculated vulnerability indexes on damage level. This latest is assessed using a six levels scale of damages on objects, the main dwelling building or the whole site. Although the very high variance in both damages occurrence contexts and scenarios, results show the possibility to validate a general model of vulnerability by coupling the MCM approach and statistical analysis of observed damages. One of the most constraining requirement is to find some damaged and non-damaged sites that were equally exposed during the event. Physical modelling of fire behavior is often used to assess the exposure. However, the systematic data collection of damages on anthropogenic values using a normalized protocol, and its dissemination in a shared data base would be a great progress for decision support in land management and planning for WUI vulnerability mitigation.
How best to collect demographic data for population viability analysis models

Summary 1. Matrix population models have become important tools in many fields of ecology and conservation biology, and are the most commonly used method in population viability analysis (PVA). There is a large literature concerned with different aspects of matrix model analysis, but relatively little attention has been paid to how data are collected. 2. In most demographic population viability studies, data are sampled in permanent plots, often resulting in poor representation of some stages. It has been suggested that by using previous knowledge of species’ demography it is possible to sample demographic data more efficiently. Here we propose an alternative method that is much simpler and does not rely on any assumptions, namely sampling an equal number of individuals per stage. 3. By using demographic data from 32 species we showed that sampling an equal number of individuals per stage provides more precise estimates of both population growth rate and elasticity than the traditional plot-based method. In some cases it is also better than the estimates gained using the method based on previous knowledge of the species’ demography. The conclusions of the latter method are very sensitive to the quality of the previous knowledge of the species’ demography. In contrast, collecting demographic data from an equal number of individuals per stage is independent of any assumptions. 4. Synthesis and applications . A central aim for management of threatened species is to develop robust and accurate methods for assessing population viability that are also efficient in terms of costs and labour. A key issue is how to collect the data on which viability assessments are based. We show that it is possible to increase considerably the accuracy and robustness of demographic PVA without increasing sampling effort, by using a simple method based on sampling an equal number of individuals per life-cycle stage. Improved PVA model performance will be important to guide conservation efforts and to evaluate different management options.
A new endemic species of the subgenus Mus (Rodentia, Mammalia) on the Island of Cyprus

The house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) and the short-tailed mouse of the eastern Mediterranean area (M. macedonicus) were thought to live sympatrically on Cyprus Island. Recently, a phylogenetic survey has shown that the non-commensal mouse of Cyprus was an unknown sister species of European wild mice. Here, we describe this new species of the genus Mus (Rodentia, Mammalia), namely Mus cypriacus sp. n. , based on 19 specimens trapped in the southern part of Cyprus. These animals were first compared to Eurasian species of mice using both molecular genetics (complete D-loop sequences and nuclear gene intron) and cytogenetics to state on its systematic status. Then classical and geometric morphometric analyses on both cranial and dental characters have been performed to compare Mus cypriacus with circum-Mediterranean species and provide diagnositic morphological characters. Genetic data strongly support a sister species relationship of the new species to M. macedonicus, the closest mainland taxon. Morphometric analyses provide satisfying criteria for diagnosis of this species relative to other Mediterranean species. The most obvious phenotypic characteristics are its long tail and the allometric gigantism and shape robustness of its cranial and dental characters compared to other Mediterranean mice. The molecular clock and the history of the murine settlement on Cyprus are congruent and suggest that the common ancestor of M. cypriacus and M. macedonicus arrived on Cyprus during the Middle Pleistocene by a founder event on natural raft. The remoteness of Cyprus through time has prevented introgression from the mainland gene pool, and favoured phenotypic adaptation to competition release, leading to the allopatric speciation of M. cypriacus.
Quality of life of young male catheterized patients

Introduction: It is pointless to point out that, Per-urethral or Supra-pubic Catheter compromises the Quality of life (QoL) of young male patients. Our study is about the comparison of QoL status along with depression of catheterized state with same after removal of catheter of patients. Objectives: In our study we wanted to quantify the quality of life (QoL) and distress experienced by patient following catheterisation and also to assess the improvement of QoL after catheter removal following surgical intervention. Methods: We used two tools named World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (WHOQOL BREF) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for this purpose. Result: We found statistically significant improvements in all domains of QoL as measured by WHOQOL BREF and improvement in depression status as well, measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Conclusion: As we have documented poor QoL and depression status in catheterised state and improvement of the same after catheter removal we recommend counselling of such patients regarding QoL and Psychiatry consultation for management of depression.
Integrable turbulence in optical fiber experiments : from local dynamics to statistics

Ce travail est dedie a l’etude de l’origine des phenomenes statistiques recemment observes dans le cadre de la turbulence integrable. Les etudes experimentales et numeriques de la propagation d’ondes partiellement coherentes dans les systemes decrits par l’equation de Schrodinger non lineaire a une dimension ont revele un ecart par rapport a la distribution gaussienne. Les regimes de propagation focalisant et defocalisant presentent un comportement qualitativement different: la probabilite que des evenements extremes apparaissent dans le cas focalisant est superieure a la loi normale, alors que dans le regime defocalisant, elle y est inferieure. Nous avons realise des experiences d’optique bien decrites par l'equation de Schrodinger non lineaire 1-D afin d'etudier ce probleme. Nous avons construit deux outils de mesure nouveaux et complementaires. En utilisant ces outils, nous avons realise une observation directe des structures coherentes qui apparaissent a differents stades de la propagation dans les deux regimes. En fournissant une analyse de ces structures, nous avons determine les mecanismes dominants dans les regimes focalisant et defocalisant. Dans le regime focalisant, nous avons mis en evidence le caractere universel de structures voisines des solitons de Peregrine et etabli un lien avec un resultat mathematique rigoureux obtenu dans le regime semi-classique. Dans le regime defocalisant, nous avons montre que le mecanisme d'interference non lineaire entre impulsions voisines definit l'evolution des conditions initiales partiellement coherentes. Nous avons propose un modele simplifie qui explique la presence des differentes echelles dans les donnees enregistrees.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LITERASI ALJABAR SISWA SMP

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena hasil-hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan literasi aljabar siswa SMP masih rendah sehingga perlu diketahui hal-hal yang menyebabkan siswa kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal kemampuan literasi aljabar. Fokus penelitian ini adalah memperoleh gambaran tentang tingkatan literasi aljabar, jenis dan bentuk kesulitan literasi aljabar, serta hal-hal yang menyebabkan kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal literasi aljabar di salah satu SMP Negeri di Kota Bandung. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 37 orang siswa kelas VIII yang terdiri dari 14 orang siswa laki-laki dan 23 orang siswa perempuan pada tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Pemilihan partisipan dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tes kemampuan literasi aljabar, interview, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa masih kurang dalam merumuskan, mengidentifikasi dan menafsirkan masalah aljabar dengan baik dan benar; (2) siswa masih kurang dalam representasi masalah kontekstual ke dalam bentuk simbol atau variabel; (3) semua siswa tidak mampu mengkoneksikan aljabar pada materi lain; (4) siswa masih kurang dalam memahami soal dan yang tidak diketahui dalam soal; (5) siswa masih kurang dalam melakukan perhitungan dengan benar dan teliti; (6) siswa masih kurang dalam menentukan penyelesaian sesuai perintah soal, dan (7) lebih dari setengah siswa tidak mampu menyelesaiakan soal non-rutin. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti menyarankan agar dalam pembelajaran siswa dibiasakan dengan soal-soal non-rutin dan menerapkan inovasi dalam pembelajaran seperti menerapkan model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam matematika khususnya kemampuan literasi aljabar.
Kerangka Teori tentang Peranan Penalaran Matematika pada Pembelajaran Algoritma Komputasi

Diskusi pada makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peranan penalaran matematika pada pembelajaran algoritma komputasi. Hasil diskusi akan digunakan untuk membuat desain konten pembelajaran penalaran matematika bagi peserta didik dengan kemampuan matematika rendah, namun harus belajar algoritma komputasi. Oleh karena itu, target diskusi adalah ditemukan karakteristik penalaran matematika yang diperlukan untuk pembelajaran algoritma komputasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka, menggunakan penalaran deduktif dan induktif sebab akibat. Pertanyaan yang diajukan pada makalah ini adalah apa karakteristik penalaran matematika yang dibutuhkan siswa dalam pembelajaran algoritma komputasi. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa karakteristik penalaran matematika yang dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran algoritma komputasi adalah penalaran matematika kreatif bukan imitasi. Penalaran matematika kreatif dibutuhkan untuk menyusun model aljabar dari suatu masalah komputasi, khususnya model aljabar dalam bentuk fungsi eksplisit. Selain itu, Penalaran matematika kreatif juga dibutuhkan untuk menyusun logika berupa induksi sebab akibat yang digunakan untuk mendesain proses percabangan, perulangan, serta kombinasi keduanya. Proses percabangan dan perulangan merupakan proses inti dalam otomasi menggunakan mesin komputer.
Spectroscopy of complete populations of Wolf-Rayet binaries in the Magellanic Clouds

Abstract Classical Wolf-Rayet stars are evolved, hydrogen depleted massive stars that exhibit strong mass-loss. In theory, these stars can form either by intrinsic mass loss (stellar winds or eruptions), or via mass-removal in binaries. The Wolf-Rayet stars in the Magellanic Clouds are often thought to have originated through binary interaction due to the low ambient metallicity and, correspondingly, reduced wind mass-loss. We performed a complete spectral analysis of all known WR binaries of the nitrogen sequence in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds, as well as additional orbital analyses, and constrained the evolutionary histories of these stars. We find that the bulk of Wolf-Rayet stars are luminous enough to be explained by single-star evolution. In contrast to prediction, we do not find clear evidence for a large population of low-luminosity Wolf-Rayet stars that could only form via binary interaction, suggesting a discrepancy between predictions and observations.
A Tale of Two Tails: Cross Credit Ratings and Cash Holdings

This paper examines the role of cross credit rating changes on corporate cash holdings policies, focusing on the "big three" credit rating agencies (Standard and Poor's, Fitch and Moody's). Using a hand collected sample of credit ratings for firms listed at the S&P500 we initially verify the asymmetric impact of Standard and Poor's changes on cash holdings and we extend our findings to Fitch and Moody's separately. However, we show that the information content of the various credit rating agencies is crucial and affects managers' risk aversion behavior and precautionary motives. Therefore, a cross credit rating downgrade by agencies that provide different information to the market (Moody's with any, or both, of the other two agencies) lead to a consistent and significant increase in cash holdings. These results remain valid for firms with investment grade status and high level of financial pressure, or if we use excess cash holdings.
A model for the evolution of local adaptation of a subdivided population

The ecotypes of Littorina saxatalis are believed to be intermediate steps in an ongoing speciation process. L. saxatalis is therefore of scientific interest as a model organism for speciation by local adaptation. In order to understand the genetic patterns that arise from the local adaptation, temporal and spatial adaptation dynamics in a model with two partly isolated subpopulations are analysed. The model is implemented by means of individualbased stochastic simulations and deterministic approximations. We obtain qualitative understanding of the mechanisms underlying local adaptation by investigating how a mutant allele (beneficial in one sub-population) is accepted in a system already containing two alleles (each adapted to opposite sub-populations) with frequencies in steady state. The sizes of the original alleles describe the level of local adaptation before the mutation event. We find the parameter regions where the mutant allele replaces one original allele and investigate the dynamics further within this region. We investigate the replacement probability of the mutant allele. We show that the replacement probability increases with increasing mutation effect size, decreases with increasing degree of local adaptation and decreases with increasing value of the migration rate. We investigate the improvement in average phenotype that results from a replacement of one of the original alleles by the mutant allele, and we investigate the amount of deleterious alleles within each sub-population (the gene flow). We find that the gene flow between the sub populations decrease with increased level of adaptation. By allowing for recombination between two loci, we derive results that implies that a concentrated genetic architecture is preferred by the system in certain parameter regions.
Hepatoprotective activity of ethyl acetate extract of Acacia catechu

Objective: To investigate the hepatoprotective activity of ethyl acetate extract of Acacia Catechu, katha. Methods: The acute liver damage in albino rats was induced by a single subcutaneous administration of 4 ml/kg dose of 50% v/v of carbon tetrachloride in olive oil and the chronic liver damage by subcutaneous injection of 50% v/v carbon tetrachloride in olive oil at the dose of 2 ml/kg twice a week for 14 days. The hepatoprotective activity was monitored biochemically by estimating serum hansaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum bilirubin in both the cases after intraperitoneal injection of ethylacetate extract of "katha" (250 mg/kg). The histopathological changes of liver samples were compared with that of control. Results: Ethyl acetate extract of "katha" inhibited carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity in albino rats at 250 mg/kg, b.w. as assessed by the biochemical and histopathological values. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate extract of "katha" exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity.
Pain and Physical Activity Association in Critically Ill Patients*

Critical care patients experience varying levels of pain during their stay in the intensive care unit, often requiring administration of analgesics and sedation. Such medications generally exacerbate the already sedentary physical activity profiles of critical care patients, contributing to delayed recovery. Thus, it is important not only to minimize pain levels, but also to optimize analgesic strategies in order to maximize mobility and activity of ICU patients. Currently, we lack an understanding of the relation between pain and physical activity on a granular level. In this study, we examined the relationship between nurse assessed pain scores and physical activity as measured using a wearable accelerometer device. We found that average, standard deviation, and maximum physical activity counts are significantly higher before high pain reports compared to before low pain reports during both daytime and nighttime, while percentage of time spent immobile was not significantly different between the two pain report groups. Clusters detected among patients using extracted physical activity features were significant in adjusted logistic regression analysis for prediction of pain report group.
HI filaments are cold and associated with dark molecular gas. HI4PI based estimates of the local diffuse CO-dark H2 distribution

Context. There are significant amounts of H2 in the Milky Way. Due to its symmetry H2 does not radiate at radio frequencies. CO is thought to be a tracer for H2, however CO is formed at significantly higher opacities than H2. Thus, toward high Galactic latitudes significant amounts of H2 are hidden and called CO-dark. Aims. We demonstrate that the dust-to-gas ratio is a tool to identify locations and column densities of CO-dark H2. Methods. We adopt the hypothesis of a constant E(B-V)/NH ratio, independent of phase transitions from HI to H2. We investigate the Doppler temperatures TD, from a Gaussian decomposition of HI4PI data, to study temperature dependencies of E(B-V)/NHI. Results. The E(B-V)/NHI ratio in the cold HI gas phase is high in comparison to the warmer one. We consider this as evidence that cold HI gas toward high Galactic latitudes is associated with H2. Beyond CO-bright regions we find for TD 61% they are dominated dynamically by H2.
A Span-based Linearization for Constituent Trees

We propose a novel linearization of a constituent tree, together with a new locally normalized model. For each split point in a sentence, our model computes the normalizer on all spans ending with that split point, and then predicts a tree span from them. Compared with global models, our model is fast and parallelizable. Different from previous local models, our linearization method is tied on the spans directly and considers more local features when performing span prediction, which is more interpretable and effective. Experiments on PTB (95.8 F1) and CTB (92.4 F1) show that our model significantly outperforms existing local models and efficiently achieves competitive results with global models.