Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of seismic wave propagation in realistic 3‐D geo‐models with a Fourier pseudo‐spectral method

SUMMARY We present a procedure for the numerical computation of the seismic waves in realistic 3-D geo-models. The procedure is based on a parallel implementation of the Fourier pseudo-spectral method (FPSM) on staggered grids. FPSM solves spatial derivatives with optimal accuracy in domains which are discretized in easy-to-handle, structured meshes. The application of the presented procedure is therefore advantageous, in terms of both accuracy and simplicity of use, whenever the geo-model can be adequately sampled by a structured grid. To be applicable to a wide range of geophysical problems, the procedure implements the most important features needed for modelling the seismic waves propagation, that is intrinsic attenuation, seismic velocity anisotropy and irregular topography. The intrinsic attenuation is implemented by means of the generalized zener body GZB mechanical model. Orthorhombic symmetry is considered for the description of the seismic anisotropy. Irregular topography is approximated by a staircase of cubic cells and treated using an original approach based on discrete Fourier transforms of arbitrary length. Sharp impedance contrasts in the geo-model are handled by suitable averaging of the material properties to reduce phase misalignments and staircase effects due to the structured grid. Absorbing boundaries based on the convolutional perfectly matching layer technique are adopted. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed procedure is illustrated by a number of tests and examples.
Electromyographic Analysis of Upper Limb and Hand Muscles during Horticultural Activity Motions

This study used electromyographic analysis to investigate specific upper limb and hand muscle activation during 15 common horticultural activities. A total of 30 Korean adults between the ages of 20 and 30 years, with an average age of 24.8 years, were recruited from Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea. Electromyographic measurements were made using a portable four-channel electromyograph. Bipolar surface electromyography (EMG) electrodes were attached to six upper limb muscles (i.e., upper trapezius, triceps—long head, biceps brachialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and brachioradialis) and two hand muscles (i.e., thenar eminence and hypothenar eminence) on the dominant hand. These eight muscles that were selected play a major role in the operation of upper limbs and hand muscles for upper body low-impact activities. Each participant did the 15 horticultural activities on one occasion with two separate sessions. Each activity was performed for 60 seconds followed by a 15-second rest period sitting at a table on a height-adjusted chair between each activity. All eight muscles measured were used together during most of 15 horticultural activities. Upper trapezius, thenar eminence, and hypothenar eminence had higher muscle activity than the other muscles. Triceps—long head displayed very low EMG values compared with the other muscles. The EMG data will facilitate developing scientific and research-based gardening intervention and/or horticultural therapy programs for improving physical health and physical rehabilitation.
Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of Mannich bases derived from 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole- 2-thiones as potential urease inhibitors

Purpose : To design and synthesize a series of new structural motifs of urease inhibitors, 3- [{(substituted phenyl) amino} methyl]-5-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones and 3- {[(pyridin-2-yl)amino]methyl}-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones from 1, 3, 4- oxadiazole-2-thione. Methods : Targeted Mannich base derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole-2- thione with formaldehyde and respective aromatic amines. These structural motifs were subjected to 1 H–NMR, 13 C–NMR and mass spectrometric analysis. Compound 4, i.e., 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione and its corresponding Mannich bases (5-17) were subjected to in silico screening as urease inhibitors, using crystal structure of urease (Protein Data Bank ID: 5FSE) as a model enzyme. Furthermore, the targeted compounds were evaluated for their in vitro urease inhibition and anti-oxidant activities using thiourea and propyl gallate as standards, respectively. Results : The docking score of targeted compounds predicted that they are promising urease inhibitors. Subsequently, in vitro studies on Jack bean urease supported the results from virtual screening, and found compounds 4, 5, 9,10,12, 13, 14 and 15 very potent urease inhibitors with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values in the range of 5.93 ± 0.13 to 9.76 ± 0.11, relative to thiourea (IC 50 = 21.25 ± 0.15). Compounds 4 – 6, and compounds 12 - 17 also exhibited higher antioxidant activities than propyl gallate. Conclusion : In view of their potent urease inhibition and antioxidant activities, these structural motifs have potentials as new candidates for the development of anti-ulcer drugs. Keywords : 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole-2-thiones, Antioxidant, Molecular docking, Urease inhibition, Anti-ulcer
Behind the Scenarios: World View, Ideologies, Philosophies. An Analysis of Hidden Determinants and Acceptance Obstacles Illustrated by the ALARM Scenarios

In situations of uncertainty, scenarios serve as input for scientifically informed decision making. However, past experience shows that not all scenarios are treated equally and we hypothesise that only those based on a world view shared by scientists and decision makers are perceived as credible and receive full attention of the respective group of decision makers. While intuitively plausible, this hypothesis has not been analysed by quantitative correlation analyses, so instead of drawing on quantitative data the paper analyses the archetypical scenarios developed in the ALARM project to substantiate the plausibility by a comparative analysis of world views, value systems and policy orientations. Shock scenarios are identified as a means to explore the possibility space of future developments beyond the linear developments models and most scenario storylines suggest. The analysis shows that the typical scenarios are based on mutually exclusive assumptions. In conclusion, a comparison of storylines and empirical data can reveal misperceptions and the need to rethink world views as a necessary step to open up to new challenges. Deeply held beliefs will make this transition unlikely to happen without severe crises, if not dedicated efforts to explicate the role of world views for scenarios and policies are undertaken.
CHILD ABUSE IN IGBOLAND OF NIGERIA: INFLUENCE OF CULTURE ON PARENTING STYLES:

Child abuse is an international problem that happens everywhere including Igboland of Nigeria. Nigeria has three major ethnic groups, Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo. Igbo parents are known for their love for children but there are cases of child abuse in different families in Igboland. This research explains the ugly phenomenon of child abuse and the concepts that surrounds the problem. The goals of this study were to explore how Igbo culture influences parenting and how some parenting styles can cause child abuse and neglect.A research was carried out within Igboland of Nigeria. A sample of 510 Igbo parents voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire.The results revealthe fact that culture influences both the parental styles and the parental perception of child abuse. The issue of child abuse and neglect was expounded in the light of ecological systems theory of UrieBronfenbrenner. Keywords:Child abuse, culture, ecological systems theory, Igbo parents, Parenting Styles
02 / RT / 15 Designing Macroprudential Policy in Mortgage Lending : Do First Time Buyers Default Less ?

Macro-prudential policy is designed to address risk at a systemwide level, an example of which is mortgage default following a period of excessive residential property lending. Policy tools to address this risk, such as caps on loan-to-value (LTV) and loanto-income (LTI) ratios should by design reWect the risk proVle of lending. This research considers the heterogeneity of default risk between Vrst time buyers and second and subsequent buyers and Vnds that Vrst time buyers have lower default rates having controlled for borrower and loan characteristics. The potential implications for the macro prudential policy setting are empirically analysed: the default-diUerential between the two groups linearly increases with LTI and a non-linear diUerence is found to be maximised at 80-85 per cent for LTV. In addition, the role for a rule designed on house valuation is examined, with results showing a diminishing default-diUerential as valuations increase. This research is consistent with diUerential regulatory treatment of Vrst time buyers with default risk remaining comparable to the remainder of mortgage lending.
AirMice : Finger Gesture for 2 D and 3 D Interaction

This paper presents AirMice, a new interaction technique based on 3D finger gestures above the keyboard of a laptop. At a reasonably low cost, the technique can replace the traditional devices for pointing in two or three dimensions. Moreover, the device switching time is reduced and no additional surface than the one for the laptop is needed. In a 2D pointing evaluation, a vision-based implementation of the technique is compared with commonly used devices. The same implementation is also compared with the two most commonly used 3D pointing and manipulation devices. The two user experiments show the benefits of the technique: it is easy to learn, intuitive and efficient by providing good performance.
Ultrafast optical spectroscopy of the lowest energy excitations in the Mott insulator compound

Revealing the nature of charge excitations in strongly correlated electron systems is crucial to understanding their exotic properties. Here we use broadband ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy in the visible range to study low-energy transitions across the Mott-Hubbard gap in the orbitally ordered insulator YVO 3 . Separating thermal and nonthermal contributions to the optical transients, we show that the total spectral weight of the two lowest peaks is conserved, demonstrating that both excitations correspond to the same multiplet. The pump-induced transfer of spectral weight between the two peaks reveals that the low-energy one is a Hubbard exciton, i.e., a resonance or a nearly bound state between a doublon and a holon. Finally, we speculate that the pump-driven spin disorder can be used to quantify the kinetic energy gain of the excitons in a ferromagnetic environment. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.86. 165135
Travel motivations of seniors

Over the past decades, leisure travel has become increasingly popular in older segments of the world population, as a consequence of global factors such as a rise in life expectancy, improved health conditions, a higher disposable income and increased availability of discretionary time in retirement age. Consequently, researchers have become more interested in studying the motivations for travel of seniors. A number of questions may be raised or have been addressed in the recent past: What are the main factors explaining the travelling choices of seniors? Are their travel motivations different from the ones of the general population, which have been widely studied in the past? Are geographical differences in terms of motivations comparable between different age groups? Why is senior tourism a topic of particular interest with regard to Asia? In order to answer such questions, in this article, we provide a review of the literature on the travel motivations of seniors. On the basis of 29 articles published between 1988 and 2015 on the topic, we present a qualitative and meta-analytic assessment of past findings, by investigating the dimensions of travel motivations most frequently identified in past seniors surveys. Finally, we discuss a research agenda for further analysis of senior travel motivations and for the integration of this branch of travel research within the wider framework of senior tourism analysis and management.
Influence of the Simulation in the Training of the 7th Grade Medical Students in the Insertion of the Interval Intra-Uterine Device

Introduction: A simulation laboratory has been set up in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of the simulation in training of 7th grade students on interval IUD insertion. Material and Method: This was an evaluation study of skills before and after training that included 38 students of 7th grade medicine. Pre-training knowledges and skills were compared to those based on training using the paired Student test with a 5% significance level. Perceptions and suggestions for improvement of training made by students were collected. Results: The sex ratio of the study participants was 1.1. Their average age was 26.8 ± 0.9 years. The training increased the average knowledges score from 48.2% to 93.0% (p th grade medicine students had a good perception of this training. Conclusion: The training of 7th grade medicine students in IUD insertion using simulation had a positive impact on their knowledges and skills and was well appreciated.
Upper and Middle Crustal Velocity Structure of the Colombian Andes From Ambient Noise Tomography: Investigating Subduction‐Related Magmatism in the Overriding Plate

New maps of S velocity variation for the upper and middle crust making up the northwestern most corner of South America have been developed from cross correlation of ambient seismic noise at 52 broadband stations in the region. Over 1,300 empirical Green's functions, reconstructing the Rayleigh wave portion of the seismic wavefield, were obtained after time and frequency‐domain normalization of the ambient noise recordings and stacking of 48 months of normalized data. Interstation phase and group velocity curves were then measured in the 6–38 s period range and tomographically inverted to produce maps of phase and group velocity variation in a 0.5° × 0.5° grid. Velocity‐depth profiles were developed for each node after simultaneously inverting phase and group velocity curves and combined to produce 3‐D maps of S velocity variation for the region. The S velocity models reveal a ~7 km thick sedimentary cover in the Caribbean region, the Magdalena Valley, and the Cordillera Oriental, as well as crustal thicknesses in the Pacific and Caribbean region under ~35 km, consistent with previous studies. They also display zones of slow velocity at 25–35 km depth under regions of both active and inactive volcanism, suggesting the presence of melts that carry the signature of segmented subduction into the overriding plate. A low‐velocity zone in the same depth range is imaged under the Lower Magdalena Basin in the Caribbean region, which may represent either sublithospheric melts ponding at midcrustal levels after breaching through a fractured Caribbean flat slab or fluid migration through major faults within the Caribbean crust.
Sample size for estimation of averages of agronomic traits in cassava seedlings

O método de multiplicação rápida melhora o uso de material de propagação. No entanto, melhorar o gerenciamento e as técnicas experimentais é crucial para avaliar a produção e a qualidade da planta. Este estudo calculou o tamanho da amostra para estimar médias de caracteres agronômicos em mudas de mandioca originárias de estacas de caule com um número diferente de folhas e diâmetros diferentes. Um total de 600 mudas (cada uma com duas gemas) com um diâmetro de 15,00 a 19,99 mm (N = 300) ou 20,00 a 25,00 mm (N = 300) da cultivar Apronta Mesa foram plantadas em diferentes épocas de cultivo (julho, agosto, Setembro e outubro). Em cada estação de plantio (22 de setembro, 7 de outubro, 19 de outubro e 25 de novembro), 300 estacas, com três a cinco ou até mais de cinco folhas visíveis, foram coletadas. As seguintes estatísticas foram analisadas: mínimo, máximo, intervalo, média, mediana, variação, desvio padrão e coeficiente de variação. O tamanho da amostra foi determinado por reamostragem usando 2.000 reamostragens, com substituição, e foi definido pelo número de plantas a partir das quais o intervalo de confiança de 95% foi de 10%, 15% e 20% da estimativa média. O uso de estacas de caule com diâmetro superior a 20 mm e com mais de cinco folhas foi adequado para a produção de mudas de mandioca. Independentemente da faixa no diâmetro de corte e número de folhas, 87 plantas foram suficientes para estimar as médias das características quando a faixa do intervalo de confiança foi de 20% da estimativa média. e 20% da estimativa média. O uso de estacas de caule com diâmetro superior a 20 mm e com mais de cinco folhas foi adequado para a produção de mudas de mandioca. Independentemente da faixa no diâmetro de corte e número de folhas, 87 plantas foram suficientes para estimar as médias das características quando a faixa do intervalo de confiança foi de 20% da estimativa média. e 20% da estimativa média. O uso de estacas de caule com diâmetro superior a 20 mm e com mais de cinco folhas foi adequado para a produção de mudas de mandioca. Independentemente da faixa no diâmetro de corte e número de folhas, 87 plantas foram suficientes para estimar as médias das características quando a faixa do intervalo de confiança foi de 20% da estimativa média.
A diary study of appearance social comparisons and need frustration in young women

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of state upward appearance comparisons and psychological need frustration on appearance self-conscious emotions, and compensatory dieting and exercise thoughts and behaviours. An Ecological Momentary Assessment design was employed with young women (n= 126; Mage = 21.26; SD= 2.76) who responded to surveys 3 times daily every other day for 1 week. Outcome measures included body and appearance self-conscious emotions (shame, guilt, and authentic and hubristic pride) and (thoughts of) dietary restriction and exercise. Mixed linear modelling showed that upward appearance comparisons and psychological need frustration independently predicted several maladaptive appearance-based emotions and behaviours. For thoughts of dietary restriction, an interaction emerged, whereby thoughts of dietary restriction were intensified in situations when participants engaged in upward appearance comparisons and reported high levels of need frustration. The findings suggest that not only upward appearance comparisons but also high levels of state need frustration can make women more vulnerable to self-conscious emotions and compensatory dieting and exercise thoughts and behaviours.
Transferring Effects of CSR Strategy on Consumer Responses: The Synergistic Model of Corporate Communication Strategy

This study proposes a synergistic model of corporate communication strategy (corporate ability strategy, corporate social responsibility strategy, and hybrid strategy) on consumer responses and tests the model using 2 Fortune 500 companies (Kellogg and Motorola). The study found that when a company is well-known to consumers as Motorola and Kellogg used in this study, a CSR strategy is more effective in influencing both consumer corporate ability (CAb) and CSR associations and in turn, company/product evaluations. Additionally, consumers tend to automatically assume a company is good at making reliable products when they associate the company with strong CSR, indicating transferring effects of CSR associations onto CAb associations, and onto company/product evaluations. The study results also suggest that the direct influences of CSR associations differ based on industry type. A company that produces high risk involved products such as Motorola, might not experience as strong CSR associations' effects on consumer responses as a company in other industry type like Kellogg.
A Developmental Study on Modelling Proficiency Test of an Indigenous Language in Indonesia

The paper considers that the necessity of establishing proficiency test of an indigenous language, namely Uji Kemahiran Berbahasa Sunda (UKBS) is indispensable. Guided by the fact that some languages have established their official proficiency test, UKBS has to devise a way to compose its competence map, general test material, and material selection. The present study mainly combines the respective model exemplified by Borg and Gall (1983) and Kirkpatrick (1998). The model covers initial stage, designing stage, trial (revisionary) stage, and practical implementation stage.The study only focuses on the initial stage and designing stage. UKBS has sections (girangan) and materials. UKBS encompasses five pinpoint topics, namely girangan I: ngaregepkeun (listening), girangan II: ngarespon kaidah tata basa Sunda (responding Sundanese grammar), girangan III: maca (reading),girangan IV: nulis (writing), andgirangan V: nyarita (speaking). It is a paradigm that UKBS is a proficiency test, not an achievement test. Therefore, the test refers to actual language use situation. The topics have a way of alluding to culture, social, education, profession, and scientific realm. Eventually, the validity test proves that all test items for each section are reliable. Nevertheless, the findings should be integrated to trial and practical implementation stage for the betterment of UKBS model. 1
Analysis of the SFR - M* plane at z<3: single fitting versus multi-Gaussian decomposition

The analysis of galaxies on the star formation rate - stellar mass (SFR-M*) plane is a powerful diagnostic for galaxy evolution at different cosmic times. We consider a sample of 24463 galaxies from the CANDELS/GOODS-S survey to conduct a detailed analysis of the SFR-M* relation at redshifts 0.5$\leqslant z -9.8$, similarly to what is typically done in the literature; 2) a multi-Gaussian decomposition to identify the galaxy main sequence (MS), the starburst sequence and the quenched galaxy cloud. We find that the MS slope becomes flatter when higher stellar mass cuts are adopted, and that the apparent slope change observed at high masses depends on the SFR estimation method. In addition, the multi-Gaussian decomposition reveals the presence of a starburst population which increases towards low stellar masses and high redshifts. We find that starbursts make up ~5% of all galaxies at z=0.5-1.0, while they account for ~16% of galaxies at 2$<z<$3 with log$_{10}(M^{*})=$8.25-11.25. We conclude that the dissection of the SFR-M* in multiple components over a wide range of stellar masses is necessary to understand the importance of the different modes of star formation through cosmic time.
Development and Characterization of Teflon-Copper Composite Material

Composites are the combination of materials that are mixed together to achieve specific structural properties. Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE) consists of long-chain molecular structure. Its monomer consists of two carbon atoms each of them having flourine atoms attached. Bonds within each chain are strong covalent bonds where as the secondary bonds between two chains are weaker. By raising temperature, the distance between the chains increases providing good adjustment of the atoms of other materials due to anisotropy of its mechanical properties. Powder metallurgy technique using hot isostatic pressing, a hybrid densification process in which pressure and temperature are applied at the same time, has been used to develop a teflon-copper composite material. Three samples were prepared by changing the teflon-copper composition as 60:40%, 65:35% and 70:30% by weight. Commercially available powders of teflon and copper of grain size ~ 40 μm was used. The aim to develop this type of material was to increase its density (~ 4 g/cm3), and hardness. The commercial applications of such type of composite material are solid lubricants, sleeves, bearings etc. In this paper the effect of composition on hardness, tensile strength and surface roughness is studied.